gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
White constancy method for mobile displays (2014)

In these days, consumer’s needs for image quality of mobile devices are increasing as smartphone is widely used. For example, colors may be perceived differently when displayed contents under different illuminants. Displayed white in incandescent lamp is perceived as bluish, while same content in LED light is perceived as yellowish. When changed in perceived white under illuminant environment, image quality would be degraded. Objective of the proposed white constancy method is restricted to maintain consistent output colors regardless of the illuminants utilized. Human visual experiments are performed to analyze viewers’perceptual constancy. Participants are asked to choose the displayed white in a variety of illuminants. Relationship between the illuminants and the selected colors with white are modeled by mapping function based on the results of human visual experiments. White constancy values for image control are determined on the predesigned functions. Experimental results indicate that propsed method yields better image quality by keeping the display white.
HPLC of proteins, peptides, and polynucleotides (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHPLC of proteins, peptides, and polynucleotidesFred E. RegnierCite this: Anal. Chem. 1983, 55, 13, 1298A–1306APublication Date (Print):November 1, 1983Publication History Published online22 September 2008Published inissue 1 November 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00263a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00263a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views294Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Efficient light management in vertical nanowire arrays for photovoltaics (2013)

Vertical arrays of direct band gap III-V semiconductor nanowires (NWs) hold the prospect of cheap and efficient next-generation photovoltaics, and guidelines for successful light-management are needed. Here, we use InP NWs as a model system and find, through electrodynamic modeling, general design principles for efficient absorption of sun light in nanowire arrays by systematically varying the nanowire diameter, the nanowire length, and the array period. Most importantly, we discover the existence of specific band-gap dependent diameters, 170 nm and 410 nm for InP, for which the absorption of sun light in the array is optimal, irrespective of the nanowire length. At these diameters, the individual InP NWs of the array absorb light strongly for photon energies just above the band gap energy due to a diameter-tunable nanophotonic resonance, which shows up also for other semiconductor materials of the NWs. Furthermore, we find that for maximized absorption of sun light, the optimal period of the array increases with nanowire length, since this decreases the insertion reflection losses.
Factors affecting retention of Cu in the human oral cavity after mouth rinses (1986)

Retention of Cu in the mouth after rinses with aqueous solutions of CuSO4 was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The retained amount of Cu exhibited a linear relationship against the concentration of the rinsing solution in the range tested. Approximately one third of the Cu retained after a 60 s rinse was retained within the first 15 s, and about 75% within 30 s. Retention of Cu was only little affected by the pH of the rinsing solution in the range from 2.0 to 5.7, being reduced by about 50% at pH 9.0. However, variations in cupric ion activity rather than pH per se could explain these effects. A mutual reduction in retention of either metals was seen when Cu and Zn were applied simultaneously.
Water distribution studies within cellulose ethers using differential scanning calorimetry. 2. Effect of polymer substitution type and drug addition (1999)

The distribution of water within gels composed of a range of cellulose ether polymers of similar molecular weights (viscosity grades of 4000-6000 cP) but varying substitution types and levels was assessed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Water loosely bound to the polymer was detected as one or more events appearing at the low-temperature side of the main endotherm for the melting of free water in DSC scans. Polymer substitution types and levels, and added drugs (50 mM propranolol hydrochloride or 50 mM diclofenac sodium) influenced the appearance of these melting events. Hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC F4M) gels showed behavior different to that of the other polymers studied. It is thought that any water binding to HPC gels is tightly attached and is not visible as pre-endothermic events on DSC scans. The amount of water bound per polymer repeating unit (PRU) was influenced by and related to the degree of hydrophilic and hydrophobic substitution on the polymer backbone and by the inclusion of either drug. HPC gels had the highest bound water content after 96 h and this was probably related to the high percentage of hydrophilic hydroxypropoxyl substitutions in this polymer. In contrast, methylcellulose (MC A4M) had the lowest bound water content after 96 h storage, and this was explained by the lack of hydrophilic hydroxypropoxyl substitutions in the polymer.
Cyclodimerization of <i>α</i>,<i>β</i>-Unsaturated Ketones Catalyzed by Lanthanoid Tri-2-propoxides (1996)

Abstract α,β-Unsaturated ketones are cyclodimerized by the catalysis of lanthanoid tri-2-propoxides into substituted cyclohexanones in good yields. The catalytic activity of the lanthanoids is fairly superior to those of the sodium or aluminum propoxides.
Planar Solid-State Potentiometric Carbon Dioxide Sensors Incorporating Polymer-Gel Electrolyte (2003)

A novel, planar, carbon dioxide gas sensor is described, comprising an iridium dioxide working electrode and silver/silver bromide reference electrode in contact with a solid, gas-permeable film of nonaqueous polymer-gel electrolyte. The working and reference electrodes are prepared in an interdigitated thick film format by screen printing sinterable inks onto a low temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) substrate. After firing, a second printing operation is used to superimpose the polymer-gel electrolyte layer. The completed sensor is shown to exhibit a rapid and reversible near-Nerstian response to changing partial pressure in a gas stream at ambient temperatures. The influence of temperature and relative humidity on sensor response is also described, as is the effect of and interferent gases. © 2003 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Single Bunch Beam Loading on the SLAC Three-Kilometer Accelerator (1977)

Since the report on single bunch beam loading experiments at SLAC at the 1975 Particle Accelerator Conference, it has been possible to obtain a much better understanding and agreement of theoretical and experimental results related to this problem. These improvements have been made possible by two developments: the generation of a "wake-field" function for the SLAC 3-km slow-wave structure and the use of this function to calculate single bunch energy spectra. The wake-field function which gives the time decay of the fields generated by the passage of a deltafunction beam has been derived by summing all the TM cylindrically symmetrical modes of an equivalent accelerator cavity. By multiplying this wake-field function by a measured bunch density function and integrating along the bunch, it is possible to calculate the energy of each electron in the bunch. This in turn enables one to predict the energy spectrum for any given phase angle of the bunch with respect to the crest of the RF accelerating wave. Agreement between these calculations and experimental measurements is very good. The paper presents these results and discusses the possible sources of some of the remaining discrepancies.
A Discussion on the measurement and interpretation of changes of strain in the Earth - Role of pore fluids in faulting (1973)

Abstract We consider three in situ processes which involve fluid flow in the crust: fault creep, aftershocks and dilatancy. Measurements of water level in wells suggest that creep events on the San Andreas fault are coupled with pore pressure changes. Readjustment of transient pore pressure, induced by large shallow earthquakes, possess the correct time constants and magnitudes to explain the occurrence of aftershocks. And finally, temporal changes of travel times in the Gram district (U.S.S.R.) imply that dilatancy may occur in situ.
New Potential and Applications of ADC (2001)

Joint development work by DLR and LH Systems has produced a new camera concept called Airborne Digital Sensor (ADS) which is using forward-, nadir- and backward-looking linear arrays on the focal plane. The camera system provides panchromatic and stereo information using three CCD lines and up to five more lines for multispectral imagery including two NIR channels. Each CCD array for panchromatic measurements has 24000 elements, resulting in a field of view of 64 degrees (across track FOV) by using a focal length of 62.5 mm. The sensitivity covers a dynamic range of 12 bit with a recording interval time of 1.2 ms per line. The performance of the camera allows a 3-dimensional and multispectral image with a ground sample distance of 25 cm for an area of 300 square miles within a flight time shorter than one hour.
Does an Expanding Fetal Abdominal Mass Produce Pulmonary Hypoplasia? (1987)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Dec 1987Does an Expanding Fetal Abdominal Mass Produce Pulmonary Hypoplasia? L. Sauer, M.R. Harrison, A.W. Flake, and T.R. Krummel L. SauerL. Sauer More articles by this author , M.R. HarrisonM.R. Harrison More articles by this author , A.W. FlakeA.W. Flake More articles by this author , and T.R. KrummelT.R. Krummel More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)43716-5AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Does an Expanding Fetal Abdominal Mass Produce Pulmonary Hypoplasia?." The Journal of Urology, 138(6), p. 1490 © 1987 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 138Issue 6December 1987Page: 1490 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1987 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information L. Sauer More articles by this author M.R. Harrison More articles by this author A.W. Flake More articles by this author T.R. Krummel More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...
Tannins and related compounds. XII. Isolation and characterization of galloylglucoses from paeoniae radix and their effect on urea-nitrogen concentration in rat serum. (1983)

Together with 1, 2, 3, 6-tetra- and 1, 2, 3, 4, 6-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucoses, homologous series of hexa- and heptagalloylglucoses have been isolated from the tannin fraction of the root of Paeonia lactiflora PALL var. trichocarpa BUNGE. (Paeoniaceae). Their structures were determined by hydrolytic studies and by comparison of the 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-NMR) spectra with that of pentagalloylglucose. Octa-deca-galloylglucoses were partially purified and their structures characterized mainly by using 13C-NMR spectroscopy. The isolation and structural studies of these galloylglucoses have shown gallotannins in Paeoniae Radix to have a 1, 2, 3, 4, 6-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose core with depside galloyl groups predominantly at the C-3 and C-6 positions in the glucose residue. Normal-phase high performance liquid chromatographic analysis showed that the gallotannins are composed of tetra-undeca-galloylglucoses having an average molecular weight of 1286, corresponding to 7.3 galloyl groups per glucose molecule. The effects of hexa-deca-galloylglucoses isolated in this study on the urea-nitrogen (BUN) concentration in rat serum were examined, and all these compounds were shown to have remarkable BUN-decreasing activities.
Maximum Angular Accuracy of a Pulsed Search Radar (1956)

An investigation is made of the limits imposed by receiver noise on the accuracy with which the angular position of a target can be determined by a pulsed search radar. Using a result in the theory of statistical estimation, a lower bound is derived for the standard deviation of regular unbiased estimates of target angular position, for a large class of methods of angular position determination; the lower bound depends on scan rate, pulse repetition rate, beamwidth, beam shape, and signal-to-noise ratio. A similar analysis is made of the limits on angular accuracy imposed by a combination of receiver noise and one particular type of target cross section fluctuation. Operations which can be performed on the received signal to form an estimate of target angular position, the standard deviation of which approximately attains the theoretical lower bound, are discussed. The relation between the estimation of angular position and the problem of target detection is discussed. A graphical presentation of the main results is given.
Pump-probe spectroscopy of band tail states in metalorganic chemical vapor deposition-grown InGaN (1998)

Nanosecond nondegenerate optical pump-probe experiments have been performed on InGaN thin films and InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells. Bleaching of absorption of the localized band tail states was observed with increasing excitation density (Iexc) of the pump pulse. The dynamics of the bleaching was found to depend on the localization depth of the band tail states and on Iexc. With high Iexc, large blueshifts in the spontaneous emission luminescence peaks were also observed, the magnitude of which was again found to depend on the localization depth of the band tail states. Stimulated emission is observed from the samples with increasing Iexc and correlates with significant changes in the behavior of the absorption bleaching. The observed bleaching dynamics of the band tail states are well explained by considering the effective lifetime of the band tail states as measured by time-resolved photoluminescence experiments.
New frontiers of molecular beacons: signal amplification and nanomachines (2013)

Gene expression is the process in which information stored into a gene is used to create a functional gene product, for example a protein or a functional RNA. Gene expression is used by all living organism to control cell life, differentiation, regeneration and cancer genesis. Molecular beacons provide a useful way to detect gene expression inside living cells without influencing the cell behavior. Molecular beacons are a particular kind of nucleic acid based probes composed by an oligonucleotide chain which assumes a hairpin configuration, encoding the target sequence of interest (loop) flanked by two complementary strands (stem), conjugated respectively with a fluorophore and a quencher. Upon hybridization with complementary target, the stem bonds break, parting the fluorophore from the quencher and resulting in a detectable signal. This thesis is divided in two major sections. The first section gives initially an overview of the molecular beacon technology usability and working principle. Later on the mechanism of molecular beacon’s internalization by SLO treatment was theoretically and experimentally investigated to determine optimal transfection condition and actual cell loading. Finally the problem of signal generation by molecular beacons was tackled by developing two new methods. It was demonstrated that by carefully design of interacting beacons with a new geometrical configuration, it is possible to induce among them both a linear and an avalanche reaction which improve the signal emission greatly. The second section of the thesis investigates the possibility to remotely activate gold nanoparticles conjugated to molecular beacons through an external radio frequency field. The gold nanoparticle will serve both as quencher for the fluorescence emission and as local point source of heat. The interaction between gold nanoparticles and a RF field will be investigated both theoretically and experimentally. The new gold-conjugated molecular beacon, called Nanomachine, could potentially be used in living cells to track e.g. down regulation of gene expression.
Heterogeneous mixed valence in YbPd<sub>3</sub>S<sub>4</sub>: evidence from<sup>170</sup>Yb M ssbauer and x-ray L<sub>III</sub>-edge absorption measurements (2003)

The intermetallic bronze YbPd3S4 is shown to be a heterogeneous mixed-valence system, by means of 170Yb Mössbauer spectroscopy and x-ray LIII-edge absorption and magnetic measurements. Two valence states coexist in this compound: Yb3+ and close-to-divalent Yb. The trivalent fraction (about 50%) undergoes a transition to magnetic ordering at about 2 K, with the Γ7 doublet as the ground crystal field state. The possibility of charge (or valence) ordering is discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: Cycloaddition Products of 3‐Oxido‐1‐phenylpyridinium and 1‐Cyanoacenaphthylene. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A Small, Variable, and Irregular Killer Cell Ig-Like Receptor Locus Accompanies the Absence of <i>MHC-C</i> and <i>MHC-G</i> in Gibbons (2009)

The killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIRs) of NK cells recognize MHC class I ligands and function in placental reproduction and immune defense against pathogens. During the evolution of monkeys, great apes, and humans, an ancestral KIR3DL gene expanded to become a diverse and rapidly evolving gene family of four KIR lineages. Characterizing the KIR locus are three framework regions, defining two intervals of variable gene content. By analysis of four KIR haplotypes from two species of gibbon, we find that the smaller apes do not conform to these rules. Although diverse and irregular in structure, the gibbon haplotypes are unusually small, containing only two to five functional genes. Comparison with the predicted ancestral hominoid KIR haplotype indicates that modern gibbon KIR haplotypes were formed by a series of deletion events, which created new hybrid genes as well as eliminating ancestral genes. Of the three framework regions, only KIR3DL3 (lineage V), defining the 5' end of the KIR locus, is present and intact on all gibbon KIR haplotypes. KIR2DL4 (lineage I) defining the central framework region has been a major target for elimination or inactivation, correlating with the absence of its putative ligand, MHC-G, in gibbons. Similarly, the MHC-C-driven expansion of lineage III KIR genes in great apes has not occurred in gibbons because they lack MHC-C. Our results indicate that the selective forces shaping the size and organization of the gibbon KIR locus differed from those acting upon the KIR of other hominoid species.
Uniaxial in-plane magnetic anisotropy and exchange bias in Sm/Fe bilayers (1999)

We have studied structural and magnetic properties of quartz/Sm(25 nm)/Fe(15 nm) thin films by grazing incidence x-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, longitudinal magneto-optic Kerr effect, and superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry. Both Sm and Fe layers exhibit growth in a preferential direction with textured granular structure. The Fe layer is composed of small elongated grains (36 nm long and 21 nm wide). The Fe grains are monodomains and are all parallel aligned due to the texture effect. Therefore, their magnetic shape anisotropy is summed, producing a final uniaxial in-plane magnetic anisotropy in the film. The Sm/Fe system is an antiferromagnetic/ferromagnetic bilayer exhibiting exchange bias coupling below 40 K. The long-range character of Sm-Fe spin interaction located near the interface maintains this coupling, in spite of disorder effects at the interface, such as Sm-Fe alloying, and results in a power-law decay with temperature for the exchange bias field ${(H}_{E})$.
Cerebrospinal fluid Aβ42 is reduced in multiple system atrophy but normal in Parkinson's disease and progressive supranuclear palsy (2002)

The 42-amino-acid isoform of beta-amyloid Abeta42 in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has recently been proposed as a biochemical marker for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and subcortical white-matter dementia (SWD). In both of these conditions, concentration of CSF-Abeta42 is reduced. We quantified CSF-Abeta42 from patients fulfilling strict clinical criteria for multiple system atrophy (MSA; n = 36), Parkinson's disease (PD; n = 48) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP; n = 15). The study groups were consecutively recruited among patients referred to a movement disorder unit, and 32 healthy, age-matched volunteers were used as controls. The CSF concentration of Abeta42 was significantly reduced in the MSA group (P < 0.001), whereas the PD and PSP groups did not differ from controls. On an individual basis, low content of Abeta42 was seen in 9 MSA patients regardless of age and disease duration. Three PD patients with long disease duration also had low concentrations but all PSP patients were normal. We conclude that the reduced CSF-Abeta42 concentration may be a clue to the pathogenesis of MSA. There is a decreased production, or more possible, an increased consumption of CSF-Abeta42. The analysis of this protein may also become a supplement to the clinical differentiation of parkinsonian syndromes in a movement disorder unit.
Fully Adaptive Power Saving Protocols for Ad Hoc Networks Using the Hyper Quorum System (2008)

Quorum-based power saving (QPS) protocols have been proposed for ad hoc networks (e.g., IEEE 802.11 ad hoc mode) to increase energy efficiency and prolong the operational time of mobile stations. These protocols assign to each station a cycle pattern that specifies when the station should wake up (to transmit/receive data) and sleep (to save battery power). In all existing QPS protocols, the cycle length is either identical for all stations or is restricted to certain numbers (e.g. squares or primes). These restrictions on cycle length severely limit the practical use of QPS protocols as each individual station may want to select a cycle length that is best suited for its own need (in terms of remaining battery power, tolerable packet delay, and drop ratio). In this paper we propose the notion of hyper quorum system (HQS)-a generalization of QPS that allows for arbitrary cycle lengths. We describe algorithms to generate two different classes of HQS given any set of arbitrary cycle lengths as input. We then present analytical and simulation results that show the benefits of HQS-based power saving protocols over the existing QPS protocols.