gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Variety, Shading, and Growth Stage Effects on Pigment Concentrations in Lettuce Grown under Contrasting Temperature Regimens (2003)

Shading effects on chlorophyll a (ChlA), chlorophyll b (ChlB) and anthocyanin (Antho) concentrations were examined at three developmental stages in four varieties of lettuce ( Lactuca sativa ) grown under contrasting temperature regimens in the greenhouse. Seedlings were transplanted to pots and grown at 30 °C (86.0 °F) day/night (D/N) (Study 1) or 30/18 °C (86.0/64.4 °F) D/N (Study 2). One-half of all plants in each study were positioned under bottomless shade boxes which reduced incoming light intensity by 50%. Pigment concentrations were measured in leaf tissue 9, 16, and 23 days after transplanting. Each study was repeated twice. Regardless of temperature regimen, variety influenced all pigment concentrations, while shading affected, primarily, Antho concentrations. ChlA and ChlB concentrations were influenced by growth stage. In Study 1, chlorophyll concentrations were significantly greater in `Green Vision' than `New Red Fire' or `Rolina', but not `Galactic'. Also, Antho concentrations were significantly greater in `Galactic' than the other varieties. In Study 2, chlorophyll concentrations were greatest in `Green Vision', with similar concentrations among the remaining varieties. Antho concentrations were greatest in `Galactic', intermediate in `New Red Fire' and `Rolina', and lowest in `Green Vision'. Shading significantly reduced Antho concentrations in `Galactic' and `Rolina' under both temperature regimens and `New Red Fire' at 30/18 °C D/N, but increased Antho concentrations in `Green Vision'. Chlorophyll concentrations tended to decrease with plant age. Pigment concentration data clarified what was apparent to the unaided eye—namely, that the amount and intensity of green and red color varied among plants subjected to different shading and temperature treatments. Therefore, these data may aid in developing strategies to achieve targeted levels of pigmentation (especially red) in lettuce, an important criterion of crop quality and potential market value.
A Projective Invariant for Textures (2006)

Image texture analysis has received a lot of attention in the past years. Researchers have developed many texture signatures based on texture measurements, for the purpose of uniquely characterizing the texture. Existing texture signatures, in general, are not invariant to 3D transforms such as view-point changes and non-rigid deformations of the texture surface, which is a serious limitation for many applications. In this paper, we introduce a new texture signature, called the multifractal spectrum (MFS). It provides an efficient framework combining global spatial invariance and local robust measurements. The MFS is invariant under the bi-Lipschitz map, which includes view-point changes and non-rigid deformations of the texture surface, as well as local affine illumination changes. Experiments demonstrate that the MFS captures the essential structure of textures with quite low dimension.
1,3-Acyl migration to an epoxide. Reversible rearrangement of 5,6.beta.-epoxyepicholesteryl acetate (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT1,3-Acyl migration to an epoxide. Reversible rearrangement of 5,6.beta.-epoxyepicholesteryl acetateHerbert L. Holland and JahangirCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 18, 3134–3136Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00166a050https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00166a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views158Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Famciclovir vs. aciclovir in immunocompetent patients with recurrent genital herpes infections: a parallel-groups, randomized, double-blind clinical trial (2001)

Twice-daily FCV was as effective and safe in the treatment of recurrent genital herpes simplex virus infection as five times daily ACV.
Operation of the Ferrite Junction Circulator (1965)

The operation of symmetrical circulators is described in terms of the counter-rotating normal modes (fields varying as exp n/spl phi/) of the ferrite-loaded circuits. The rotating modes, which are split by the applied magnetic field, form a stationary pattern which can be rotated in space to isolate one of the ports of the circulator. A detailed field theory of the strip-line Y-junction circulator operating with n = 1 is presented. Experiments designed to confirm the validity of the rotating normal mode description of circulator action in the Y-junction circulator also are presented; these include measurements of mode frequencies and electric field patterns. The results of the field theory are used in a design procedure for quarter-wave coupled strip-line circulators. The results of the design procedure are shown to compare adequately with experimental circulators. Higher mode operation of strip-line circulators is described. The operation of waveguide cavity circulators is shown to depend on the rotating ferrite-loaded cavity modes.
Thymosin- <i>beta</i> 4 gene. Preliminary characterization and expression in tissues, thymic cells, and lymphocytes. (1989)

A cDNA for rat thymosin-beta 4 was used to investigate the expression of this gene in different tissues, thymic cells, and lymphocytes. Hybridization analysis of total RNA from 13 rat tissues demonstrated the presence of an 800 nucleotides-long mRNA in all the tissues surveyed, with the highest levels in spleen, thymus, and lung. Examination of thymic cells showed that the thymosin-beta 4 gene is predominantly expressed in thymocytes. The thymosin-beta 4 mRNA was also studied in Ig+ and Ig- lymphocytes, being fourfold more abundant in Ig- than Ig+ splenic lymphocytes, whereas similar levels were found in both types of blood cells. The analysis of RNA from T cells at different maturation stages evidenced slight differences in their thymosin-beta 4 mRNA content, indicating that thymosin-beta 4 gene expression is not clearly related to the differentiation process of T cells. All these results do not support the roles for thymosin-beta 4 in cellular immunity and differentiation of lymphoid cells, suggesting a more general function for this peptide. Preliminary characterization of the human beta 4 gene by restriction analysis disclosed a complicated pattern consistent with multiple genes and/or introns. The analysis of genomic DNA from different species ranging from humans to Escherichia coli showed that this gene is only highly conserved in mammals.
Active Inference and Dynamic Gaussian Bayesian Networks for Battery Optimization in Wireless Sensor Networks (2016)

Wireless sensor networks play a major role in smart grids and smart buildings. They are not just used for sensing, but they are also used as actuating. In terms of sensing they are used to measure temperature, humidity, light, to detect motion, etc. Sensors are often operated on a battery and hence we often face a trade-off between obtaining frequent sensor readings versus maximizing their battery life. There have been several approaches to maximizing their battery life from hardware level to software level such as reducing components energy consumption, limiting node operation capabilities, using power-aware routing protocols, and adding solar energy support. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach: we model the sensor readings in a wireless network using a dynamic Gaussian Bayesian network (dGBn) whose structure is automatically learned from data. dGBn allows us to integrate information across sensors and infer missing readings more accurately. Through active inference for dGBns, we are able to actively choose which sensors should be pulled for a reading and which ones can stay in a power-saving mode at each time step, maximizing prediction accuracy while staying within the budgetary constraints on battery consumption.
Étude physico-chimique de quelques amino-acides hydroxyles et de leurs chélates avec des cations de transition (1973)

Une étude potentiométrique comparative de quatre amino-acides se rattachant aux types
Automatic generation of suggestions for program investigation (2005)

Before performing a modification task, a developer usually has to investigate the source code of a system to understand how to carry out the task. Discovering the code relevant to a change task is costly because it is an inherently human activity whose success depends on a large number of unpredictable factors, such as intuition and luck. Although studies have shown that effective developers tend to explore a program by following structural dependencies, no methodology is available to guide their navigation through the typically hundreds of dependency paths found in a non-trivial program. In this paper, we propose a technique to automatically propose and rank program elements that are potentially interesting to a developer investigating source code. Our technique is based on an analysis of the topology of structural dependencies in a program. It takes as input a set of program elements of interest to a developer and produces a fuzzy set describing other elements of potential interest. Empirical evaluation of our technique indicates that it can help developers quickly select program elements worthy of investigation while avoiding less interesting ones.
A blind segmentation approach to acoustic event detection based on i-vector (2013)

We propose a new blind segmentation approach to acoustic event detection (AED) based on i-vectors. Conventional approaches to AED often required well-segmented data with non-overlapping boundaries for competing events. Inspired by block-based automatic image annotation in image retrieval tasks, we blindly segment audio streams into equal-length pieces, label the underlying observed acoustic events with multiple categories and with no event boundary information, extract i-vector for them, and perform classification using support vector machine and maximal figure-of-merit based classifiers. Experiments on various sets of audio data show promising results with an average of 8% absolute gain in F1 over the conventional hidden Markov model based approach. An enhanced robustness at different noise levels is also observed. The key to the success lies in the enhanced discrimination power offered by the i-vector representation of the acoustic data. Index Terms: acoustic event detection, i-vector, blind segmentation, support vector machine, maximal figure-of-merit
Software Copy Protection and Licensing based on XrML and PKCS#11 (2011)

This paper proposes Software Copy Protection and Licensing techniques based on Xrml and PKCS#11 standards. The purpose of the techniques is to increase the strength of software copy protection and preventing illegal distribution of software, which in turn protects intellectual property and secures the financial benefits for the vendors. The paper proposes a flexible, readable yet secure license structure based on Xrml. The licensing system is combined with two different protection techniques, Protection using Smart Tokens and Protection using Internet Activation Server. The paper illustrates how to map the license structure to grant records used in protection and Rights Management using PKCS standard. Finally, the paper proposes a full system architecture providing different licensing schemes useful in software market.
Two-User Cooperative Transmission Using Superposition Modulation and Soft Information Combining (2010)

We propose a cooperative transmission scheme for two users with one common relay using superposition modulation. It uses distributed Turbo codes (DTCs) for each user. The relay always decodes, then interleaves and re-encodes the decoded data. A new packet is formed by combining the re-encoded packets from both users using superposition modulation. This packet is forwarded to the destination with the average receive SNRs of each user. The destination uses cooperative Turbo decoders to improve performance. Simulation results show the proposed scheme outperforms XOR based schemes and is simple to implement.
Dynamics of mixed cultures of <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> and <i>Propionibacterium shermanii</i> (1976)

The mixed culture of Lactobacillus plantarum and Propionibacterium shermanii grown anaerobically in glucose minimal medium exhibits features typical of a commensal interaction even though a number of complicating factors, such as a large maintenance requirement of L. plantarum and inhibition of growth of P. shermanii at low pH, are present. A simple mathematical model of the system is presented and is shown to reproduce rather well some of the features of the continuous mixed culture system in both steady-state and transient situations.
The color of soils in relation to organic matter content (2017)

The color of soils has long been considered to indicate to some extent, at least, their fertility. For centuries farmers in the humid regions have been accustomed to select their land very largely on the basis of color. Dark colored soils have been preferred because experience has shown that such soils are usually more productive than light colored types. But just what the relation is between the color of soils and their fertility or crop-producing power has never been determined. It has been assumed that the organic matter or humus content, which is mainly responsible for the color of soils, has a fertility value. It has been believed also that the temperature, aeration, and moisture content of soils bear a direct relation to their color and content of organic matter and hence to their fertility. The actual relation of color to chemical composition, however, has never been studied in detail, altho it has been generally understood that dark-colored soils, with more organic matter, naturally contain more nitrogen and organic carbon.
Extending dynamic program updating systems to support distributed systems that communicate via remote evaluation (1992)

A dynamic program updating system (updating system) provides mechanisms for changing a running program without shutting down (terminating) the program. An updating system is useful for repairing bugs, introducing new functionality, or reconfiguring a system where the cost of shutting it down is great. One common type of software-based updating system is the procedure-oriented updating system (PODUS), which updates programs written in procedural programming languages by replacing the individual procedures that make up a program. Because there exists a large body of software written in procedural programming languages, procedure-oriented updating techniques can be applied to many kind of applications. This paper describes a brief description of the PODUS updating system. It discuss a number of interprocess communication (IPC) alternatives and their potential compatibility with PODUS. It describes the author's REV-based PODUS extensions, demonstrating how they would be used in a real updating scenario. >
Concentrations of adenosine and its metabolites in the rat retina/choroid during reperfusion after ischemia (1997)

These results indicate that adenosine is a major component of the biochemical changes that occur after retinal ischemia. Long-lasting increases in xanthine concentration during reperfusion after ischemia could be a source of oxygen free radicals that may contribute to delayed injury of the retina, attempts to decrease xanthine concentration would ideally be initiated within one hour after the end of ischemia.
FTIR Characterization of the Reactive Interface of Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles Embedded in Polymeric Matrices (2006)

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used as a novel characterization method to determine the properties of the interface that developed when cobalt oxide nanoparticles were self-assembled in a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) matrix. The method employed the distinct changes that were observed in the infrared spectra of the polymer upon adsorption onto the cobalt oxide nanoparticles, allowing a quantitative determination of the average number of contact points that the average polymer chain formed with the surface of a cobalt oxide nanoparticle of average size. The results obtained with this method compared favorably to those obtained by the coupling of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) experiments with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). On the basis of both methods, we concluded that the interfacial region created between the cobalt oxide nanoparticles and PMMA is extremely sensitive to the chain length, i.e., the number of anchor points and the density of the polymer layer increase with chain molecular weight. At molecular weights of approximately 250,000, the density of the polymer layer saturates at a value that correspond to that of very thin PMMA films.
Effect of Minor Components of Virgin Olive Oil on Topical Antiinflammatory Assays (2000)

Interest in the health-promoting effects of virgin olive oil, an important part of the "Mediterranean diet", prompted us to determine the antiinflammatory effects of erythrodiol, beta-sitosterol and squalene, identified as major components of the so-called "unsaponifiable fraction" of virgin olive oil, as well as of the phenolic compounds from the "polar fraction": oleuropein, tyrosol, hydroxytyrosol and caffeic acid. Their activities were compared to those of both, total unsaponifiable and polar fractions. This study was designed to analyse the antiinflammatory effect of these specific compounds from virgin olive oil on edema in mice induced by either arachidonic acid (AA) or 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol acetate (TPA). The inhibition of the myeloperoxidase (MPO), marker enzyme of the accumulation of neutrophils in the inflamed tissue, was also investigated by the TPA model. The topical application of the olive oil compounds (0.5 mg/ear) produced a variable degree of antiinflammatory effect with both assays. In the auricular edema induced by TPA, beta-sitosterol and erythrodiol from the unsaponifiable fraction of the oil showed a potent antiedematous effect with a 61.4% and 82.1% of inhibition respectively, values not very different to that of the reference indomethacin (85.6%) at 0.5 mg/ear. The four phenolics exerted a similar range of inhibition (33-45%). All compounds strongly inhibited the enzyme myeloperoxidase, indicating a reduction of the neutrophil influx in the inflamed tissues. The strongest inhibitor of AA edema was the total unsaponifiable fraction which inhibition was 34%, similar to that obtained by the reference drug dexamethasone at 0.05 mg/ear. Among the phenolics, oleuropein also produced an inhibition of about 30% with the same dose, but all the other components were found less active in this assay. The anti-inflammatory effects exerted by both unsaponifiable and polar compounds might contribute to the potential biological properties reported for virgin olive oil against different pathological processes.
Proposal of a phase shifted Bragg grating assisted MZI for add-drop multiplexing (2001)

The paper proposes an optical device for add-drop multiplexing. The device is based on a Bragg grating assisted MZI configuration. In the Bragg grating three phase shifts are implemented to open up a proper one-channel transmission window. The analysis is based on the mode propagation theory. SiO2/Si planar lightwave circuits are currently the most promising technology for realising this kind of device.
Diagnostic evaluation of hepatocellular carcinoma in a cirrhotic liver. (2000)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the world's most common cancers. It is closely associated with cirrhosis, especially that due to viral hepatitis. The incidences of viral hepatitis and HCC are rising steadily in the United States. When symptomatic, HCC is usually unresectable and associated with a median survival of less than 6 months. Nodular lesions of undetermined malignant potential are often found in cirrhotic, explanted livers. There appears to be a continuum of increasing malignant potential from regenerating nodules to dysplastic nodules and to HCC. Pathologic differentiation of high-grade dysplastic nodules from HCC is often difficult. Early diagnosis offers the best potential for curative intervention. Screening of high-risk patient populations using serum alpha-fetoprotein and ultrasound has been attempted but is hindered by low sensitivity and specificity. The multinodularity and vascular flow anomalies of the cirrhotic liver complicate imaging. However, recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging technology allow for more accurate examination of the liver. We review the current status of hepatic imaging techniques and the results of screening a high-risk population for HCC.
Radiosensitivity of stromal cells responsible for in vitro maintenance of hemopoietic stem cells in continuous, long-term marrow culture. (1982)

Marrow stromal cells are generally thought to be radioresistant. However, when the marrow was irradiated in vivo or in vitro before its use for the continuous long-term marrow culture, doses of radiation as low as 500 rad interfered with the establishment of the adherent stromal layer. Moreover, when the stromal layer was permitted to establish, similar doses of radiation interfered with its potential to support the proliferation and maintenance of the hemopoietic stem cell. Thus, marrow stromal cells appear to be more radiosensitive than hitherto thought. The type of damage may vary, however, according to the dose of radiation. Small doses may interfere with such functions as adhesion or cell division while larger doses may completely destroy the cell.
Canine Distemper Outbreak in Rhesus Monkeys, China (2011)

Since 2006, canine distemper outbreaks have occurred in rhesus monkeys at a breeding farm in Guangxi, People's Republic of China. Approximately 10,000 animals were infected (25%-60% disease incidence); 5%-30% of infected animals died. The epidemic was controlled by vaccination. Amino acid sequence analysis of the virus indicated a unique strain.
The Student??s Viewpoint (1956)

At the time this symposium was prepared, Dr. Hill was a fourth year student at the University of Rochester School of Medicine; he is now an Intern at the University Hospital, Columbus, Ohio