gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rickets and Osteomalacia (2019)

Abstract Chapter 72 discusses rickets and osteomalacia. Abnormal mineralization of bone is termed osteomalacia in adults and rickets in children and it may be caused by a variety of conditions in which there is a lack of available calcium or phosphorus for mineralization of osteoid. Radiographic findings of osteomalacia include osteopenia, bowing deformities, and pseudofractures, whereas findings of rickets include additional radiographic abnormalities of the growth plates. Diagnosis of osteomalacia and rickets often involve blood analysis, imaging findings, and identification of the specific underlying cause. Radiography is the most useful imaging modality in the diagnosis and evaluation of these conditions. Treatment of osteomalacia and rickets depends on the underlying cause.
A Technique to Determine Friction at the Fingertips (2008)

This article proposes a technique to calculate the coefficient of friction for the fingertip- object interface. Twelve subjects (6 males and 6 females) participated in two experiments. During the first experiment (the imposed displacement method), a 3-D force sensor was moved horizontally while the subjects applied a specified normal force (4 N, 8 N, 12 N) on the surface of a sensor covered with different materials (sandpaper, cotton, rayon, polyester, and silk). The normal force and the tangential force (i.e., the force due to the sensor motion) were recorded. The coefficient of friction (mu(d)) was calculated as the ratio between the tangential force and the normal force. In the second experiment (the beginning slip method), a small instrumented object was gripped between the index finger and the thumb, held stationary in the air, and then allowed to drop. The weight (200 g, 500 g, and 1,000 g) and the surface (sandpaper, cotton, rayon, polyester, and silk) in contact with the digits varied across trials. The same sensor as in the first experiment was used to record the normal force (in a horizontal direction) and the tangential force (in the vertical direction). The slip force (i.e., the minimal normal force or grip force necessary to prevent slipping) was estimated as the force at the moment when the object just began to slip. The coefficient of friction was calculated as the ratio between the tangential force and the slip force. The results show that (1) the imposed displacement method is reliable; (2) except sandpaper, for all other materials the coefficient of friction did not depend on the normal force; (3) the skin-sandpaper coefficient of friction was the highest mu(d) =0.96+/-0.09 (for 4-N normal force) and the skin-rayon rayon coefficient of friction was the smallest mu(d) =0.36+/-0.10; (4) no significant difference between the coefficients of friction determined with the imposed displacement method and the beginning slip method was observed. We view the imposed displacement technique as having an advantage as compared with the beginning slip method, which is more cumbersome (e.g., dropped object should be protected from impacts) and prone to subjective errors owing to the uncertainty in determining the instance of the slip initiation (i.e., impeding sliding).
Original Articles: Bladder Cancer: Keyhole-Limpet Hemocyanin Immunotherapy in the Bilharzial Bladder: A New Treatment Modality? Phase II Trial: Superficial Bladder Cancer (1995)

The efficacy of immunotherapy with keyhole-limpet hemocyanin or bacillus Calmette-Guerin for superficial bladder cancer is well known. A strong similarity has been noted between keyhole-limpet hemocyanin antigen and schistosomal antigen. In regard to this finding, we investigated the mechanisms of specific immunotherapy with keyhole-limpet hemocyanin in schistosomal associated transitional cell carcinoma. Keyhole-limpet hemocyanin was used for its ability to prevent tumor recurrence and because of its similarity to schistosomal antigen for intravesical specific immunotherapy in 13 patients with superficial transitional cell bladder tumors (Ta, Tis, T1) associated with urinary schistosomiasis. Keyhole-limpet hemocyanin immunotherapy reduced the recurrence rate of superficial bladder tumors to 15.4% compared to 76.9% before therapy.
Biologically Active Polymers: Modification and Anti-microbial Activity of Chitosan Derivatives (2004)

The principal derivative of chitin is chitosan, which is obtained by deacetylation of chitin. Chemical modification of synthetic and natural polymers is a convenient way to obtain materials with unique chemical and physical properties. Chitosan has an amino group at C-2 which is important because amino groups are nucleophilic and readily react with electrophilic reagents. Chitosan modified under mild conditions often results in regioselectivity for the C-2 amino group. In the present work, this reactivity was exploited to attach biologically active moieties into the amino groups of chitosan to yield anti-microbial chitosans. Specifically, vanillin, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, p-chlorobenzaldehyde, anisaldehyde, methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, methyl 2,4-dihydroxybenzoate, propyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate and 2-hydroxymethylbenzoate were attached. The anti-microbial activity of these modified chitosans was explored against fungi such as Candida albicans SC5314, Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium oxysporium. Also, they were tested against bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. These modified chitosans were found to be highly active toward fungi species more than bacterial species.
Investigation of Polybenzocyclobutene Resins in Multilayer Thin Films for Electronic Packaging (1991)

Polybenzocyclobutene dielectric films were found to exhibit significant advantages compared to polyimides for multichip multilayer packaging applications. Although PBCB films must be cured in an oxygen-free environment and are somewhat more sensitive to warpage/stress than polyimides, they are significantly superior with respect to moisture resistance, lower dielectric constant and leveling or planarization over rough surface topography. The adhesion of PBCB films to copper, aluminum and silicon without adhesion promoters is excellent. Tests to date with PBCB as a multilevel dielectric with both a counter/decoder circuit and an analog circuit, in conjunction with via post interconnects, reveal the potential for the reliable fabrication of high speed and high density multichip/multilayer modules.
Application of Full Physiological Models for Pharmaceutical Drug Candidate Selection and Extrapolation of Pharmacokinetics to Man (2005)

This paper describes how we are applying physiologically based models of pharmacokinetics as an integrated part in the research and preclinical development of novel drugs. The modeling and simulation tools and techniques used are briefly reviewed and the strategy for application in drug research is described. Three examples illustrate how such models may be applied at different stages ranging from early application prior to in vivo studies, through clinical candidate selection to the estimation of human kinetics and dose selection prior to clinical studies. Although there are obvious restrictions related to limited input data at the earlier stages, the examples illustrate some of the advantages of the approach compared to other more empirical methods. These advantages will be fully exploited with more widespread use of physiological models as powerful and user-friendly software make them accessible to non-specialists.
Condensation du méthane disulfochlorure avec quelques diamines 1,2 et 1, 3 études des hétérocycles obtenus (1977)

Abstract En milieu dilué, la condensation du méthane disulfochlorure avec quelques orthophenyléne‐diamines conduit aux benzo [e] dithiadiazépines‐1,3,4,7 tétroxyde‐2,2,4,4. Dans les měmes conditions, l'amino‐2 chloro‐5 benzhydrylamine conduit á un hétérocycle homologue. L'un des composés a donné lieu á une fragmentation intéressante par spectrométrie de masse.
Electromagnetic nonuniformly correlated beams (2012)

A class of electromagnetic sources with nonuniformly distributed field correlations is introduced. The conditions on source parameters guaranteeing that the source generates a physical beam are derived. It is shown that the new sources are capable of producing beams with polarization properties that evolve on propagation in a manner much more complex compared to the well-known electromagnetic Gaussian Schell-model beams.
A Potentially Expanded Role for Enoxaparin in Preventing Venous Thromboembolism in High Risk Blunt Trauma Patients (2001)

Enoxaparin is a practical and effective method for reducing the incidence of VTE in high risk, seriously injured patients. This study supports further investigation into the safety of enoxaparin prophylaxis in patients with closed head injuries and nonoperatively treated solid abdominal organ injuries.
Plasma diagnostics on high current ignitrons (1989)

This report describes the results of diagnostic techniques utilized to study the plasma of a specially built demountable ignitron switch. Three anode geometries, flat (standard), inverted cup, and inverted cup with slits, were installed to study the effect of anode geometry on the plasma. Diagnostics included voltage and current monitoring, high speed photography via a Dynafax rotating camera, interferometry via a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and argon laser, and spectroscopy via high speed photography with line mercury filters. All measurements were taken with the ignitron operating in the crowbarred configuration. A 2.56 mF, 10 kV capacitor bank and 1 /xH test stand holding the forward (series) ignitron and demountable (crowbar) ignitron comprise the test circuit. All three anodes were utilized in the photographic analysis; the flat anode was utilized in the interferometric analysis; and the flat and slit-cup anodes were utilized in the spectroscopic analysis.
Function and regulation of heat shock factor 2 during mouse embryogenesis (1997)

The spontaneous expression of heat shock genes during development is well documented in many animal species, but the mechanisms responsible for this developmental regulation are only poorly understood. In vertebrates, additional heat shock transcription factors, distinct from the heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) involved in the stress response, were suggested to be involved in this developmental control. In particular, the mouse HSF2 has been found to be active in testis and during preimplantation development. However, the role of HSF2 and its mechanism of activation have remained elusive due to the paucity of data on its expression during development. In this study, we have examined HSF2 expression during the postimplantation phase of mouse development. Our data show a developmental regulation of HSF2, which is expressed at least until 15.5 days of embryogenesis. It becomes restricted to the central nervous system during the second half of gestation. It is expressed in the ventricular layer of the neural tube which contains mitotically active cells but not in postmitotic neurons. Parallel results were obtained for mRNA, protein, and activity levels, demonstrating that the main level of control was transcriptional. The detailed analysis of the activity of a luciferase reporter gene under the control of the hsp70.1 promoter, as well as the description of the protein expression patterns of the major heat shock proteins in the central nervous system, show that HSF2 and heat shock protein expression domains do not coincide. This result suggests that HFS2 might be involved in other regulatory developmental pathways and paves the way to new functional approaches.
Oak Ridge Field Research Center Current Opportunities and Future Research Directions (2005)

The objectives of this meeting are: (1) Understand fundamental biogeochemical processes influencing the use of bioremediation approaches for cleaning up, managing, or understanding fate and transport of metals and radionuclides at DOE's contaminated legacy waste sites; and (2) Promote coordination and efficient use of resources, and facilitate comparison and integration of data.
Rectilinear screw-thread reluctance motor (1971)

The paper describes a new form of linear reluctance motor capable of operating over displacements of 1 m or more with good positional accuracy and at a relatively low speed. The main application of the motor is as a linear actuator for precise machine-tool operations. The principle of operation and the main design factors of the motor are described, together with a theoretical assessment of performance. Experimental results obtained on two prototype machines are given, and are shown to compare favourably with the theoretical analysis.
Vegetation studies on Secretary Island, Fiordland (1970)

Summary The quantitative composition of epiphytic and ground vegetation (excluding vascular plants) is recorded from three stands of lowland forest and one stand of subalpine forest near the NW corner of Secretary Island. Ground vegetation was sampled by local frequency measurements in blocks of 25 one dm 2 quadrats; the abundance of epiphytic species was estimated visually and then converted to approximate cover values using empirical conversion constants. Lists are also given of species collected from several sources above tree line on Secretary Island and from coastal forest on the adjacent mainland, together with a list of all bryophytes known to occur on the island. The feasibility of pooling data from different stands of forest is discussed; there is no evidence in the Secretary Island data to warrant pooling except between different stems of the same phorophyte species within a stand. Several epiphytes of tree‐fern trunks seem to have very strong substrate preferences; otherwise the data are not adequate to establish limits of tolerance of either ground species or epiphytes. The three stands of lowland forest are compared with three stands on Stewart Island which differ chiefly in lacking Nothofagus . The resemblances in cryptogamic vegetation between the two forests are very strong and the complete species lists from the two Islands are also remarkably alike.
Detection and evaluation of grasping positions for autonomous agents (2005)

The action of grasping an object is very important for a humanoid agent with hand, evolving autonomously in a virtual world. If an agent is given the order "grasp the object", he has to determine the portion of the object to grasp. In order to determine a grasping position, it is necessary to recognize the form of the 3-dimensional geometry, and detect portions which are suitable for grasp. Assuming that the object is grasped by one hand, we propose two techniques for detecting appropriate portions to be grasped on the surface of an object and for generating the grasping postures. In this paper, our main contributions are as follows: the first is the detection of appropriate portions to be grasped on the surface of an object; the second is the formation of the hand shape to grasp various shaped objects. Using the two proposing methods, grasped positions and the hand shapes for each of them are computed. Moreover, these positions are evaluated by their stabilities using the robotics technique
Alumina–clay nanoscale hybrid filler assembling in cross-linked polyethylene based nanocomposites: mechanics and thermal properties (2014)

Herein, investigation on XLPE-Al2O3-clay ternary hybrid systems of Al2O3 and clay in 1 : 1 and 2 : 1 ratios, binary systems of XLPE-clay and XLPE-Al2O3 nanocomposites, with special reference to the hybrid filler effect and the superior microstructural development in ternary systems is conducted. The ternary hybrid composite of Al2O3 and clay in a 1 : 1 ratio exhibits the highest tensile strength (100% increase) and Young's modulus (208% increase), followed by the Al2O3 : clay = 2 : 1 system. The interaction between alumina and clay altered the composite morphology, filler dispersion and gave rise to a unique filler architecture leading to a substantial boost up in mechanics compared to predictions based on the idealized filler morphology. Experimentally observed much higher mechanics compared to theoretical predictions confirmed that the dramatic improvement in mechanics is the outcome of the positive hybrid effect and a second factor of synergism, i.e. filler-filler networks. Morphological control of the hybrid filler network is realized by adjusting the ratio between different fillers. For the Al2O3 : clay = 2 : 1 system, the microstructural limitation of dispersion due to the steric effect of alumina clusters shifts the properties to the negative hybrid effect region.
Cloning of two novel ADP-ribosylation factor-like proteins and characterization of their differential expression in 3T3-L1 cells. (1994)

A polymerase chain reaction-based cloning approach was employed in order to identify ADP-ribosylation factors (ARF) in murine 3T3-L1 cells and to study their expression before and after differentiation of cells to the adipocyte-like phenotype. Partial sequences comprising the effector domains of ARF were amplified with degenerate primers and cloned. Five of these sequences were identified as murine homologues of known human ADP-ribosylation factors (ARF 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6). In addition, partial sequences of two previously unknown isoforms were found, and complete cDNA clones were isolated from a rat fat cell library and were sequenced. Both sequences harbor a putative myristoylation site in position 2, the known consensus sequences presumably involved in GTP binding and hydrolysis, and lack cysteine residues in the C terminus. Their amino acid sequences share a 56 and 41% identity, respectively, with human ARF 1. Based on a comparison with the known ARF isoforms, the first clone appears to represent the mammalian homologue of a known sequence from Drosophila (dARL 1, 79% identity) and was therefore designated rARL 1. The second clone resembled none of the known ARF-like proteins and was designated rARL 4. mRNA of ARL 4 was undetectable in the fibroblasts but abundant in the adipocyte-like phenotype, its expression starting on day 6 of the differentiation. In contrast, ARF 1, 2, and 5 were unaltered by differentiation of the 3T3-L1 cells; mRNA levels of ARF 6, and also of ARL 1 and ARF 4, were reduced after differentiation. It is suggested that the function of ARL 4 is related to the adipocyte-like phenotype of 3T3-L1 cells.
Effect of probiotic lozenges on inflammatory reactions and oral biofilm during experimental gingivitis (2013)

Daily intake of probiotic lozenges did not seem to significantly affect the plaque accumulation, inflammatory reaction or the composition of the biofilm during experimental gingivitis.
Application of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the serodiagnosis of syphilis. (1975)

The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique, using an ultrasonicate of Treponema pallidum as antigen, has been evaluated as a serological test for syphilis. It is concluded that the test is simple, reliable, and relatively quick and that its sensitivity in all stages of syphilis is equal to the FTAABS test. Because its specificity is probably also high, ELISA might be used in future as a first-line screening test for the serodiagnosis of syphilis.
Biological assessment of available iron in food products (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBiological assessment of available iron in food productsEzzat K. Amine and D. M. HegstedCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1974, 22, 3, 470–476Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60193a006https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60193a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views142Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Compatibility of cholecalciferol, haloperidol, imipramine hydrochloride, levodopa/carbidopa, lorazepam, minocycline hydrochloride, tacrolimus monohydrate, terbinafine, tramadol hydrochloride and valsartan in SyrSpend SF PH4 oral suspensions. (2016)

A challenge with compounding oral liquid formulations is the limited availability of data to support the physical, chemical and microbiological stability of the formulation. This poses a patient safety concern and a risk for medication errors. The objective of this study was to evaluate the compatibility of the following active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in 10 oral suspensions, using SyrSpend SF PH4 (liquid) as the suspending vehicle: cholecalciferol 50,000 IU/mL, haloperidol 0.5 mg/mL, imipramine hydrochloride 5.0 mg/mL, levodopa/carbidopa 5.0/1.25 mg/mL, lorazepam 1.0 mg/mL, minocycline hydrochloride 10.0 mg/mL, tacrolimus monohydrate 1.0 mg/mL, terbinafine 25.0 mg/mL, tramadol hydrochloride 10.0 mg/mL and valsartan 4.0 mg/mL. The suspensions were stored both refrigerated (2 - 8 degrees C) and at controlled room temperature (20 - 25 degrees C). This is the first stability study for these APIs in SyrSpend SF PH4 (liquid). Further, the stability of haloperidol,ilmipramine hydrochloride, minocycline, and valsartan in oral suspension has not been previously reported in the literature. Compatibility was assessed by measuring percent recovery at varying time points throughout a 90 days period. Quantification of the APIs was performed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-UV). Given the percentage of recovery of the APIs within the suspensions, the beyond-use date of the final preparations was found to be at least 90 days for most suspensions both refrigerated and at room temperature. Exceptions were: Minocycline hydrochloride at both storage temperatures (60 days), levodopa/carbidopa at room temperature (30 days), and lorazepam at room temperature (60 days). This suggests that compounded suspensions of APIs from different pharmacological classes in SyrSpend SF PH4 (liquid) are stable.
Munich (1968)

Journal Article Munich: The French and British Roles Get access Gilbert Fergusson Gilbert Fergusson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 44, Issue 4, October 1968, Pages 649–665, https://doi.org/10.2307/2614922 Published: 01 October 1968