gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gradual Deformation of Continuous Geostatistical Models for History Matching (1998)

Abstract This paper presents a new methodology for constraining 3-D stochastic reservoir models to well and historical production data. Based on the inversion framework, this methodology is mainly composed of a new algorithm for gradually deforming continuous geostatistical models and of an efficient optimization algorithm. The gradual deformation algorithm generates a process of realizations which evolve smoothly while preserving the overall statistical characteristics of the stochastic model. Deformation control by a limited number of parameters improves the efficiency of the process. In comparison with other approaches, the number of iterations is significantly reduced. The deformation procedure can be coupled with an optimization algorithm to obtain automatic history matching capability. The inversion of several model parameters and the gradual selection of a new constrained realization can be performed simultaneously. The analytical gradient method as well as approximated gradients are used to improve the convergence rate of the procedure. The successful application to a 3-D synthetic case, derived from an actual field case, is described in the paper. The shape of the top structure of the reservoir and the activity coefficient of an aquifer are simultaneously constrained to the historical data recorded for 5 wells. The structural uncertainties are described by a geostatistical model. The definition of the top structure is improved by gradual deformation to ensure the geostatistical consistency of the model during the match of production data. An interference well test case is also presented to illustrate the decrease in uncertainties obtained by integrating a geological description and pressure data. P. 221
Detection of buried land mines using scattering of Rayleigh waves (2016)

The issue of humanitarian demining becomes increasingly important in the modern world. In the light of this, one of the most urgent problems to be solved is the development of new more effective and safer methods of land mine detection. The idea, which forms the essence of this paper, is based on using scattering of Rayleigh surface waves on buried land mines for their remote detection (at distances of 5-10 m). Rayleigh waves at frequencies 0.1 - 1 kHz seem to be a natural physical tool for this purpose. Unlike electromagnetic waves, they are equally sensitive to both metallic and non-metallic objects. Moreover, they are localised near the surface and can be effectively scattered (reflected) by any objects on the ground surface or slightly below it. In this paper, some preliminary results of theoretical calculations of the scattering of Rayleigh waves by simple models of land mines are reported. The obtained results show that scattering of Rayleigh waves can be a viable method of land mine detection.
396. Complexes of tetrahydrothiophen oxide (1961)

R. Francis and F. A. Cotton, J. Chem. Soc., 1961, 2078 DOI: 10.1039/JR9610002078
A STUDY OF OIL SOURCE IDENTIFICATION TECHNIQUES (1972)

Abstract : Techniques for the identification of the sources of oil slicks are examined and discussed. Examples of both passive (fingerprint) and active tagging are presented. Passive techniques are easy to implement but offer a fragile forensic foundation; conversely, active techniques can provide excellent courtroom evidence but are beset by vast problems of system implementation. In balance, a modified scope active tagging experimental feasibility study is recommended for future support. Specifically, engineerable life span organic phosphors and halogenated polycyclic aromatics will be selected for initial study. (Author) Portions of this document are not fully legible.
(Re-) Descobrindo o Brasil pós-colonial: mito, arquetipos e discurso mediático nas comemoraçoes dos 500 anos (2005)

EnglishThe kind of colonization that the fifth century Portuguese State applied in Brazil, exploitation colonization, certainly had some influence in the construction of brazilianhood in relation with Portugal and portuguesness in relation with Brazil. The 500th anniversary of the Discovery, much celebrated in the European finisterrae as in the terra brasilis, is undoubtedly a unique opportunity to recreate and revise concepts, preconceptions and representations of the relations build during these last five centuries. In this paper, some of the conclusions reached through a research using the issues between January and June of 2000 of the Portuguese daily newspapers Publico, Diario de Noticias and Jornal de Noticias, which in some way touched the subject of the commemoration of the 500th anniversary of Cabral's occasional visit to Brazil, are analysed, searching for the characterisation of the news discourses. portuguesO tipo de colonizacao que a potencia quinhentista portuguesa aplicou no Brasil, a colonizacao de exploracao, certamente influenciou a construcao da brasilidade em relacao a Portugal e da portugalidade em relacao ao Brasil. O aniversario dos 500 anos do Descobrimento, muito celebrado tanto na finisterra europeia como na terra brasilis, consistiu-se, indubitavelmente, numa ocasiao para reviver e rever conceitos, pre-conceitos e representacoes de uma relacao edificada nesses cinco seculos. Nesta comunicacao, expoem-se alguns dos resultados obtidos atraves de uma pesquisa realizada nos exemplares dos meses de janeiro a junho de 2000, dos jornais portugueses Publico, Diario de Noticias e Jornal de Noticias, no que diz respeito a imagem do Brasil nas comemoracoes do quingentesimo aniversario da ocasional visita de Cabral, buscando tracar a caraterizacao dos discursos noticiosos.
BALANCED IONIZATION CHAMBERS OFFER SENSITIVE GAS ANALYSIS (1960)

Contaminants in gases can be detected in the parts-perbillion range by making them into smoke particles and passing them into an ionization chamber. These particles reduce ion current by acting as recombination centers. Into half of a stream a particle-forming agent is introduced; the particles increase recombination in one ionization chamber containing a source of alpha particles. The other half of the stream goes through a second chamber. The difference in the conductance of the portions is recognized as a measure of the contaminant. Measurements of contaminants were made for the following: nickel carbonyl, 0 to 100 ppb; hydrogen chloride, 0 to 50 ppb; hydrogen fluoride, 0 to 5 ppm; sulfur dioxide, 0 to 5 ppm; and carbon tetrachloride, 0 to 5 ppm in air. (B.O.G.)
Improved performance of the second generation α<sub>1</sub>‐AGP columns: Applications to the routine assay of plasma levels of alfuzosin hydrochloride (1989)

Described is a direct enantioselective separation of the enantiomers of alfuzosin hydrochloride on the second generation alpha 1-AGP column which offers improved efficiency, shorter analysis, and improved stability with respect to the first generation columns. The method has been applied to the analysis of drug substance in rat plasma. This highly efficient extraction method and the use of fluorimetric detection result in selective and sensitive determination of the enantiomers. The analytical validation parameters demonstrate the applicability of this method to pharmacokinetic and metabolic studies.
A Machine Learning Approach to Dialogue Act Classification in Human-Robot Conversations : Evaluation of dialogue act classification with the robot Furhat and an analysis of the market for social robots used for education (2015)

The interest in social robots has grown dramatically in the last decade. Several studies have investigated the potential markets for such robots and how to enhance their human-like abilities. Both of these subjects have been investigated in this thesis using the company Furhat Robotics, and their robot Furhat, as a case study. This paper explores how machine learning could be used to classify dialogue acts in human-robot conversations, which could help Furhat interact in a more human-like way. Dialogue acts are acts of natural speech, such as questions or statements. Several variables and their impact on the classification of dialogue acts were tested. The results showed that a combination of some of these variables could classify 73 % of all the dialogue acts correctly. Furthermore, this paper analyzes the market for social robots which are used for education, where human-like abilities are preferable. A literature study and an interview were conducted. The market was then analyzed using a SWOT-matrix and Porter’s Five Forces. Although the study showed that the mentioned market could be a suitable target for Furhat Robotics, there are several threats and obstacles that should be taken into account before entering the market.
Photovoltaic Forecasting: A state of the art (2010)

International audience
Robust and fast 3D object recognition using exhaustive search and ICP algorithm (2011)

This paper proposes a robust and fast alignment method of 3D point cloud. The problem of point cloud alignment can be roughly classified into two. The problem of estimation of the relation from unknown geometry position is coarse registration. Moreover, in case of roughly position is known, the problem of estimation of the relation from known initial position is fine registration. In this study, we solve the coarse registration problem by exhaustive search, and prepare the initial positions for fine registration. To use exhaustive search, we realize a robust. The fine registration problem is solved by the ICP algorithm. In this case, reduction of initial positions for the ICP algorithm by non-extremum suppression that uses distance between range data and model solves the problem of calculation cost. The distance evaluation function that robust for measurement error tackles the outlier problem. The problem of calculation cost is solved by registering the distance from the model beforehand by the distance field. The effectiveness of the proposed method is shown by a actual data.
A reversible metal–ligand bond break associated to a spin-crossover (2007)

The [Fe(II)L(CN)(2)].H(2)O complex, dicyano[2,13-dimethyl-6,9-dioxa-3,12,18-triazabicyclo[12.3.1]octadeca-1(18),2,12,14,16-pentaene]iron(II) monohydrate, exhibits a thermal induced metal-ligand bond break reversible in the solid state and associated to a spin crossover that corresponds to an unprecedented structurally characterized modification of the coordination metal environment from a hepta-coordinate high spin state to a hexa-coordinate low spin state.
The metabolism and pharmacokinetics of 14C-cetirizine in humans. (1987)

This study investigated the metabolism and pharmacokinetics of cetirizine, a new H1-receptor antagonist. Single oral doses of 14C-cetirizine dihydrochloride (10 mg) in aqueous solution were administered to six healthy male volunteers. The drug was rapidly absorbed: The peak mean concentration of radioactivity (359 ng-equivalents/mL) and of unchanged drug (341 ng/mL) were achieved within one hour. Mean concentrations of cetirizine declined biexponentially and had a mean elimination half-life of 7.4 hours. The drug was excreted quite rapidly, with 60% of the dose recovered in the 24-hour urine. An additional 10% was excreted in urine over the next four days. Approximately 10% of the dose was excreted in feces over the five-day study period. The dose was excreted mainly as the unchanged drug. Examination of the radioactive compounds present in the plasma, and excreted in the urine and feces indicate that there is little metabolism of cetirizine. One minor metabolite, formed by oxidative O-dealkylation of the cetirizine side chain, was detected in plasma and feces.
The hepatocyte. Development, differentiation, and ageing. (1985)

1. Being the main organ of the metabolic system, the liver, whose function undergoes numerous changes in the course of life, is an important object of investigation. For this reason research into the structure and the associated functions of the hepatocyte, which plays a central role in the liver, is of special significance. 2. The study was carried out on male rats from birth up to the 27th month of life. Data obtained through similar experiments on female rats are available. The weight of the liver increases from 0.274 g at birth to 23.2 g at the end of the 27th month of life. The relative liver weight in relation to 100 g body weight diminishes from 7.7-5.3% in the prenatal phase to 4.5-2.6% in the first days of life, and increases again to 5.5% in the 1st and 2nd months of life. This is followed by a repeated drop in the relative liver weight to as low as 3.2 per cent. 3. The volume of the extrahepatocellular space diminishes during foetal development. Haematopoietic cells decrease from 63% of the liver volume on the 15th day to 37% on the 18th day of gestation. Kupffer cells account for less than 3% of the total liver volume in foetal and adult rats. Their number in foetal livers accounts for 4% of the total number of cells and in adult livers for 37%. The relative increase by a factor of about 10 is accompanied by an increase in the total volume by 130 per cent. 4. The volume density of the extrahepatocellular space diminishes from 0.403 at birth to 0.134 after 6 months. Generally, the extrahepatocytic space remains unchanged from the 1st month onwards, accounting for 10-15% of the total volume. 5. The volume density of hepatocytes is 0.60 on the 15th foetal day, increasing to 0.85 till the 21st foetal day. After birth till the end of the period of investigation the volume density varies between 0.78 and 0.94. At birth the volume of hepatocytes is 5775.9 microns 3. It increases to 10,000 microns 3 up to the 2nd month. It diminishes again to 7388.8 microns 3 till the 24th and 27th months. 6. Initially, the volume of hepatocytes drops to below the volume at birth, followed by an increase of 99% compared with the value at birth till the 6th month. After that the volume diminishes again to 127.9% of the volume at birth.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Changes in the nuclear distribution of DNA polymerase alpha and PCNA/cyclin during the progress of the cell cycle, in a cell-free extract of Xenopus eggs (1989)

ABSTRACT The nuclear distribution of DNA polymerase alpha and PCNA/cyclin in embryonic nuclei has been investigated, in a cell-free extract of Xenopus eggs that recapitulates a basic cell-cycle in vitro, by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy. Both antigens co-distribute with the chromatin in S-phase nuclei; however, as DNA replication is completed and nuclei progress into a G2 state anti-PCNA fluorescence disappears and anti-DNA polymerase alpha fluorescence becomes resolved into bright spots. These spots are initially associated with the chromatin strands and can be seen to share both anti-PCNA and anti-DNA polymerase alpha fluorescence, but as anti-PCNA fluorescence fades the spots become dissociated from the chromatin and are redistributed throughout the nucleus until they are dispersed during nuclear envelope breakdown. The loss of anti-PCNA fluorescence and displacement of anti-DNA polymerase alpha fluorescence from the chromatin can be prevented by inhibiting DNA synthesis with aphidicolin. Under these conditions both antigens remain associated with the chromatin even after nuclear envelope breakdown and lamin dispersal. The association of these antigens with mitotic figures appears to be functional, as both biotin-11-dUTP and [32P]dCTP can be incorporated efficiently into DNA during the mitotic period.
The Cadmium Sulfide X-Ray Detector (1950)

The CdS x-ray detector is compared with the photo-multiplier x-ray detector. Reduced to the same solid angle the sensitivity of the CdS x-ray detector is of the same order of magnitude as the sensitivity of the photo-multiplier x-ray detector. As the internal amplification of the primarily released electron currents in CdS is of the order 103 to 104 compared with the amplification in the multiplier tube of ½×106 the conversion process of x-ray quanta in slow electrons in CdS must be more efficient than the corresponding processes in the combination crystal phosphor screen photo-multiplier. Calibration curves show a linear relation between photo-current and intensity of x-rays at low irradiation levels. At high irradiation saturation effects occur. Oscilloscope curves of the response at 60 x-ray pulses per second are given. At strong irradiation the photo-current over a long time increases in a completely reversible way. X-ray intensities as low as 150 quanta CuKα per second are registered with a circuit employing a WL 759 trigger tube.
CO<sub>2</sub> Power‐assisted hand‐held syringe: Better visualization during diagnostic and interventional angiography (1990)

Recent technology has produced high-flow and large-lumen catheters as well as other angiographic accessories to enhance the visualization of the coronary arteries during diagnostic and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) procedures. In spite of these technological advances, there are still many cases in which the quality of the coronary angiography could be significantly improved. This paper reports on a clinical evaluation of a hand-held power syringe. The syringe offers the ability to power inject contrast safely and effectively during routine angiograms as well as through guiding catheters with the balloon catheter present during PTCA. At the same time, control of the injection is equal to that associated with manual syringes.
Is Age Associated With the Severity of Post–Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Symptoms? (2017)

In general, middle-aged patients reported higher severity of post-mTBI symptoms compared with the oldest patients. Thus, there was a significant association between age and the severity of specific mTBI symptoms, which highlights the need for targeted management. Additional research is needed to understand the mechanisms that could be contributing to the higher symptom severity experienced by the middle-aged group.
A buried lysine that titrates with a normal p<i>K<sub>a</sub></i>: Role of conformational flexibility at the protein–water interface as a determinant of p<i>K<sub>a</sub></i>values (2008)

Previously we reported that Lys, Asp, and Glu residues at positions 66 and 92 in staphylococcal nuclease (SNase) titrate with pK(a) values shifted by up to 5 pK(a) units in the direction that promotes the neutral state. In contrast, the internal Lys-38 in SNase titrates with a normal pK(a). The crystal structure of the L38K variant shows that the side chain of Lys-38 is buried. The ionizable moiety is approximately 7 A from solvent and ion paired with Glu-122. This suggests that the pK(a) value of Lys-38 is normal because the energetic penalty for dehydration is offset by a favorable Coulomb interaction. However, the pK(a) of Lys-38 was also normal when Glu-122 was replaced with Gln or with Ala. Continuum electrostatics calculations were unable to reproduce the pK(a) of Lys-38 unless the protein was treated with an artificially high dielectric constant, consistent with structural reorganization being responsible for the normal pK(a) value of Lys-38. This reorganization must be local because circular dichroism and NMR spectroscopy indicate that the L38K protein is native-like under all conditions studied. In molecular dynamics simulations, the ion pair between Lys-38 and Glu-122 is unstable. The simulations show that a minor rearrangement of a loop is sufficient to allow penetration of water to the amino moiety of Lys-38. This illustrates both the important roles of local flexibility and water penetration as determinants of pK(a) values of ionizable groups buried near the protein-water interface, and the challenges faced by structure-based pK(a) calculations in reproducing these effects.
Boundary value problem of image modification (1992)

The concept of the boundary value problem into image processing is introduced and an image modification technique is presented that works under the condition that the transformation function for a set of pixels is given <i>a priori</i>. For example, if adjoining pictures are taken separately under different illumination and then put together into a single picture, processing the whole picture uniformly can result in some artifacts along the seams, across which image features change abruptly. To resolve this problem, the image features of the border pixels should be transformed to be continuous with the neighboring pictures. Thus, the transformation function for such pixels should be set <i>a priori</i> to meet the above condition, and for the remaining pixels it should be adjusted accordingly. The same technique can be applied to a single picture. For example, if a picture is taken under nonuniform illumination, which causes some regions of the picture to be dark and others to be light, the ransformation function for those regions should be given as boundary conditions. Then the function at any pixel is interpolated from the boundary values. An interactive technique is discussed for giving the boundary conditions and for determining the image transformation function.
Pleural effusion in interstitial lung disease (2004)

Pleural effusions occur in patients with various forms of interstitial lung disease. The effusions require a clinical evaluation to exclude complications of therapy and coexisting conditions unrelated to the underlying ILD.
Real World Scanning and Halftones: The Definitive Guide to Scanning and Halftones from the Desktop (1998)

From the Publisher:
This expanded and updated second edition covers new file types and software applications, and addresses the special concerns of Web publishers.It offers sage advice on producing top-notch scans and halftones from three of the best-known experts in Web and desktop publishing. You'll gain insight into the key scanning technologies and learn valuable techniques that will save you time, money, and hassle.
SIM/SM-Aided Free-Space Optical Communication With Receiver Diversity (2014)

In this paper, we propose subcarrier intensity-modulation (SIM)/spatial modulation (SM)-aided free space optical communications with receiver diversity. Using computer simulation, the performances of the proposed SIM/SM scheme are investigated and compared with those of the conventional SIM scheme in an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel and in outdoor applications with lognormal atmospheric channels. The error performances are also mathematically analyzed in the AWGN channel for spectral efficiency of 2 bits/s/Hz in order to validate the simulation results. Numerical results show that the proposed SIM/SM scheme can outperform the conventional SIM for both channels with various spectral efficiencies. We also demonstrate that, by employing multiple receivers, the deleterious effect of scintillation on the proposed SIM/SM scheme has been further ameliorated. Furthermore, our proposed SIM/SM scheme with the receiver diversity gets more resistant to turbulence-induced fading, when the spectral efficiency and the number of receivers are increased.