gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Case of opticospinal multiple sclerosis showing phenotype change to conventional type induced by interferon beta-1b]. (2007)

A 57-year-old woman who had severe opticospinal multiple sclerosis (OSMS) was admitted to our hospital. She had presented with visual loss and gait disturbance at the age of 48, and had since experienced more than 10 relapses and been hospitalized 9 times. Interferon beta-lb treatment (8,000,000 units on alternate days) had been started at her last admission. Prior to the present admission, she had developed left visual loss and gait difficulty after headache lasting a few days. Cerebrospinal fluid showed elevation of cell count (322/mm3), protein (130 mg/dl), and myelin basic protein (462 pg/ml; normal, <102 pg/ml). On examination, she exhibited decreased left visual acuity, paraplegia, ataxia of the right upper extremity, and sensory disturbance, particularly in the lower extremities. Bowel and bladder disturbances were also evident Laboratory testing showed lymphocytopenia (420/microl), compared to a white cell count of 1700/microl just before initiation of interferon beta-lb1therapy. MRI revealed a new lesion in the cerebellum in addition to small T2-hyperintense lesions in the white matter of the brain;these had been noted previously. Interferon beta-1b therapy was ceased and she was treated using methylprednisolone pulse therapy. After the abnormal findings resolved, however, interferon beta-lb1therapy was restarted. Three months after, she exhibited right hemiparesis without facial palsy concurrent with lymphocytopenia. MRI showed T2-hyperintense lesions in the periventricular white matter, left cerebral peduncle, bilateral middle cerebellar peduncles, and right cerebellar hemisphere. We reduced the doses of interferon beta-lb1immediately. Thereafter, she did not have relapse for 29 months, but her EDSS (expanded disability status scale) has not recovered. Although interferon beta-lb1has been recognized as an effective drug for decreasing the relapse rate and severity of both secondary progressive MS and relapsing-remitting MS, the present case showed the possibility of interferon beta-1b being associated with phenotype change from OSMS to conventional MS (CMS).
Wound infection in gynecologic surgery (2000)

Objective We sought to determine the wound infection rate among patients undergoing elective gynecologic surgery at a single tertiary care center and to determine the predictive value of various factors that contribute to infection. We further investigated the adequacy of hospital records in documenting infection rates as well as the timing of presentation of wound infections. Methods The records of 115 patients undergoing elective gynecologic surgery at our institution were reviewed. Patients were further subdivided based on route of surgery. We analyzed the importance of antibiotic prophylaxis, route of surgery, smoking, diabetes, and body mass index (BMI). Results The overall wound infection rate was 12.17% with no significant difference in the subgroups by route of surgery. Overall, antibiotic prophylaxis significantly decreased infection rates (P = 0.0118), but the route of surgery, BMI, smoking, and diabetes were not significant predictors of infection. Only one case of infection was detected during the initial hospital stay (6.1%). Fifty percent of the patients with infection required readmission, and of these 35.7% required an additional surgical procedure. The average length of hospital stay was 2.4 days longer in patients with infection. Conclusions Antibiotic prophylaxis has a role in the management of patients undergoing abdominal gynecologic surgery. In today's environment of cost containment, an increased hospital stay and the added likelihood of additional surgical intervention associated with wound infection are important targets for prevention. Most patients with wound infection were diagnosed after discharge from the hospital. In our population, among whom transportation problems and remote residence are prevalent, strategies for infection surveillance should be integral to discharge planning. Infect. Dis. Obstet. Gynecol. 8:230–234, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
The Playful Citizen (2019)

In the last decade, digital media technologies and developments have given rise to exciting new forms of ludic, or playful, engagements of citizens in cultural and societal issues. From the Occupy movement to playful city-making to the gameful designs of the Obama 2008 and Trump 2016 presidential campaigns, and the rise of citizen science and ecological games, this book shows how play is a key theoretical, methodological, and practical principle for comprehending such new forms of civic engagement in a mediatized culture.\nThe Playful Citizen explores how and through what media we are becoming more playful as citizens and how this manifests itself in our ways of doing, living, and thinking. We offer a pluralistic answer to such questions by bringing together scholars from different fields such as game and play studies, social sciences, and media and culture studies.
Irregular echogenic foci representing coagulation necrosis: a useful but perhaps under-recognized EUS echo feature of malignant lymph node invasion. (2009)

Coagulation necrosis is a useful echo feature for mediastinal lymph node staging by EUS.
CDDO-Methyl Ester Delays Breast Cancer Development in <i>Brca1</i>-Mutated Mice (2011)

The breast cancer-associated gene 1 (BRCA1) is the most frequently mutated tumor suppressor gene in familial breast cancers. Mutations in BRCA1 also predispose to other types of cancers, pointing to a fundamental role of this pathway in tumor suppression and emphasizing the need for effective chemoprevention in these high-risk patients. Because the methyl ester of the synthetic triterpenoid 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oic acid (CDDO-Me) is a potent chemopreventive agent, we tested its efficacy in a highly relevant mouse model of BRCA1-mutated breast cancer. Beginning at 12 weeks of age, Brca1(Co/Co); MMTV-Cre;p53(+/-) mice were fed powdered control diet or diet containing CDDO-Me (50 mg/kg diet). CDDO-Me significantly (P < 0.05) delayed tumor development in the Brca1-mutated mice by an average of 5.2 weeks. We also observed that levels of ErbB2, p-ErbB2, and cyclin D1 increased in a time-dependent manner in the mammary glands in Brca1-deficient mice, and CDDO-Me inhibited the constitutive phosphorylation of ErbB2 in tumor tissues from these mice. In BRCA1-deficient cell lines, the triterpenoids directly interacted with ErbB2, decreased constitutive phosphorylation of ErbB2, inhibited proliferation, and induced G(0)-G(1) arrest. These results suggest that CDDO-Me has the potential to prevent BRCA1-mutated breast cancer.
The inexact projected gradient method for quasiconvex vector optimization problems (2012)

Vector optimization problems are a generalization of multiobjective optimization in which the preference order is related to an arbitrary closed and convex cone, rather than the nonnegative octant. Due to its real life applications, it is important to have practical solution approaches for computing. In this work, we consider the inexact projected gradient-like method for solving smooth constrained vector optimization problems. Basically, we prove global convergence of any sequence produced by the method to a stationary point assuming that the objective function of the problem is $K$-quasiconvex, instead of the stronger $K$-convexity assumed in the literature.
Effects of compositional grading on GaAs–Ga1−<i>x</i>Al<i>x</i>As interface and quantum well electronic structure (1983)

The electronic structure of the abrupt GaAs–Ga1−xAlxAs (001) heterojunction is compared with that of the heterojunction in which the transition from GaAs to GaAs–Ga1−xAlxAs occurs over several atomic layers across the interface. The effects of varying the width of the compositionally graded region on interfacial boundary conditions and on quantum well energy levels are studied using the tight-binding method. The compositional grading is modeled in the virtual crystal approximation. Substantial shifts in quantum well energies are found. For example, the ground state energy for a quantum well with 15 central GaAs layers and bounded by AlAs increases by 30% for graded region widths of six alloy layers. The effects of grading on the electronic wave function at the interface are studied by expanding it in terms of bulk states with complex wave vector values. The relative contribution of the bulk states from the neighborhood of the Γ and X points to typical conduction band states are determined. It is found that grading the interface over a small number of layers (two or three) effectively eliminates the X-point state contribution. Thus, the effective mass approximation, which includes Γ-point related bulk states only, is shown to be better justified for slightly graded interfaces.
Plasma Melatonin, Luteinizing Hormone, Follicle-Stimulating Hormone, Prolactin, and Corticoids in Two Patients with Pinealoma (1979)

Plasma melatonin, LH, FSH, PRL, and corticoids were measured in two patients with pineal tumors. Plasma melatonin was not detectable (less than 7 pg/ml) in either patient while gonadotropin and cortisol levels were within the normal range. One patient exhibited low PRL levels and the other patient, a prepubertal boy, had elevated levels. The clinical value of the measurement of melatonin as a potential marker for all pineal tumors must be questioned.
Continuous itraconazole treatment for onychomycosis and dermatomycosis: an overview of safety. (1999)

Over the past 10 years, itraconazole has been used to treat more than 34 million patients worldwide. We present a review of the safety of various continuous itraconazole schedules used in the treatment of dermatomycosis and onychomycosis. Data from controlled clinical trials and extensive post-marketing surveillance show that itraconazole has an impressive safety profile at a dose of 50-200 mg/day for 1-4 weeks for dermatomycosis and 200 mg/day for 3 months for onychomycosis. In addition, itraconazole is safe to use in diabetic patients with dermatomycosis or onychomycosis. Short-term, intermittent itraconazole regimens, which may offer additional benefits in terms of safety and cost, have now been introduced.
Metabolism and Surface Transport of Parasitized Erythrocytes in Malaria (1983)

This chapter contains section titled: Prologue Glucose Metabolism and Transport Oxygen Utilization and the Electron Transport System Amino Acid Transport and Protein Synthesis Nucleic Acid Metabolism and Purine Transport Sodium Transport References Discussion References
Bovine polymerized hemoglobin (hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier-201) resuscitation in three swine models of hemorrhagic shock with militarily relevant delayed evacuation—Effects on histopathology and organ function* (2006)

In comparison with hetastarch, HBOC-201 resuscitation of swine with HS increased survival (with severe HS), did not increase evidence of oxidative potential, and had histopathologic and/or functional effects on organs that were clinically equivocal (myocardium, lungs, hepatic parenchyma, jejunum, and renal cortex/medulla) and potentially adverse (hepatobiliary and renal papilla). The effects of HBOC-201-resuscitation in HS should be corroborated in controlled clinical trials.
The Reaction of Dihydropyran with Substituted Benzenesulfonyl Azides<sup>1a</sup> (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Reaction of Dihydropyran with Substituted Benzenesulfonyl Azides1aDouglas L. Rector and Robert E. HarmonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1966, 31, 9, 2837–2841Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01347a024https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01347a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views158Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Interaction of Adriamycin and N-Trifluoroacetyladriamycin-14-Valerate with Cardiolipin-Containing Lipid Bilayers (1989)

The interaction of adriamycin (ADR) and N-Trifluoroacetyladriamycin-14-valerate (AD 32) with cardiolipin (CL)-containing multilamellar vesicles was studied by high-sensitivity differential scanning calorimetry, using liposomes formed from either dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) or dipalmitoylphosphatidylglycerol (DPPG) containing small amounts of CL. the drugs partitioned into cardiolipin-containing neutral and acidic bilayers in a manner similar to that observed earlier with CL-free bilayers. the partition coefficient of adriamycin in bilayers of vesicles prepared from DPPG or DPPG in admixture with CL was much higher than that obtained with neutral DPPC vesicles or the DPPC together with CL. Under all conditions, AD 32 was essentially completely partitioned into the lipid phase of the investigated phospholipid membranes. As expected, addition of adriamycin to CL-containing vesicles did not significantly change the thermotropic behavior of these bilayers, whereas the fluidizing effect of AD 32 was directly related to the CL content of the vesicles. the multipeak transitions produced by the anthracyclines in pure DPPG bilayers were preserved in the presence of CL, but the endotherms were broader and slightly shifted to lower temperatures, a finding indicative of stronger interactions. Chlorpromazine (CPZ), which was used as a reference compound to compare the effects produced by the anthracyclines, was found to behave similarly to AD 32 and to be more effective than quinidine (QND), in agreement with their behavior in CL-free liposomes.
Rheological study on gelation of soybean 11S protein by glucono-.delta.-lactone. [Erratum to document cited in CA116:234084] (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleRheological study on gelation of soybean 11S protein by glucono-.delta.-lactone. [Erratum to document cited in CA116:234084]Kaoru Kohyama, Makoto Yoshida, and Katsuyoshi NishinariCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1994, 42, 9, 2076Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00045a047https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00045a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views57Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Flexible Software Design (2005)

A developer's knowledge of a computing system's requirements is necessarily imperfect because organizations change. Many requirements lie in the future and are unknowable at the time the system is designed and built. To avoid burdensome maintenance costs developers must therefore rely on a system's ability to change gracefully-its flexibility. Flex
Can We Implement Logic as a Database System (1986)

We examined variations in the genes encoding heat-stable enterotoxin (ST) and heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) in 88 strains of Escherichia coli isolated from individuals with traveler's diarrhea to find suitable sequences for use as oligonucleotide probes. Four oligonucleotide probes of the gene encoding ST of human origin (STIb or STh), one oligonucleotide probe of the gene encoding ST of porcine origin (STIa or STp), and three oligonucleotide probes of the gene encoding LT of human origin (LTIh) were used in DNA colony hybridization tests. In 15 of 22 strains possessing the STh gene and 28 of 42 strains producing LT, the sequences of all regions tested were identical to the published sequences. One region in the STh gene examined with a 18-mer probe was relatively well conserved and was shown to be closely associated with the enterotoxicity of the E. coli strains in suckling mice. This oligonucleotide, however, hybridized with strains of Vibrio cholerae O1, V. parahaemolyticus, and Yersinia enterocolitica that gave negative results in the suckling mouse assay.
ChemInform Abstract: Terreulactone A, a Novel Meroterpenoid with Anti‐Acetylcholinesterase Activity from Aspergillus terreus. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The Isolation of the Mouse Nerve Growth Factor Protein in a High Molecular Weight Form<sup>*</sup> (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Isolation of the Mouse Nerve Growth Factor Protein in a High Molecular Weight Form*Silvio Varon, Junichi Nomura, and E. M. ShooterCite this: Biochemistry 1967, 6, 7, 2202–2209Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1967https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00859a043RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views172Altmetric-Citations296LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Inner Workings of a Cinchona Alkaloid Catalyzed Oxa‐Michael Cyclization: Evidence for a Concerted Hydrogen‐Bond‐Network Mechanism (2013)

Cinchona alkaloids catalyze the oxa-Michael cyclization of 4-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butenoates to benzo-2,3-dihydrofuran-2-yl acetates and related substrates in up to 99% yield and 91% ee (ee = enantiomeric excess). Catalyst and substrate variation studies reveal an important role of the alkaloid hydroxy group in the reaction mechanism, but not in the sense of a hydrogen-bonding activation of the carbonyl group of the substrate as assumed by the Hiemstra-Wynberg mechanism of bifunctional catalysis. Deuterium labeling at C-2 of the substrate shows that addition of RO-H to the alkenoate occurs with syn diastereoselectivity of ≥99:1, suggesting a mechanism-based specificity. A concerted hydrogen-bond network mechanism is proposed, in which the alkaloid hydroxy group acts as a general acid in the protonation of the α-carbanionic center of the product enolate. The importance of concerted hydrogen-bond network mechanisms in organocatalytic reactions is discussed. The relative stereochemistry of protonation is proposed as analytical tool for detecting concerted addition mechanisms, as opposed to ionic 1,4-additions.
Sesquiterpenoids and Norsesquiterpenoids from the Formosan Soft Coral <i>Lemnalia </i><i>l</i><i>aevis</i> (2005)

Eight new nornardosinane sequiterpenoids, laevinols A-H (1-8), a new neolemnane sesquiterpenoid, laevinone A (9), and the previously known 6beta-acetyl-4beta,5beta-dimethyl-1(10)alpha-epoxy-2beta-hydroxy-7-oxodecalin (10) and 11,12-dihydroxy-6,10-eremophiladiene (11) were isolated from the methylene chloride solubles of the Formosan soft coral Lemnalia laevis. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis, and their cytotoxicity against selected cancer cells was measured in vitro.
Transmission Effects in Wavelength Division Multiplexed Chaotic Optical Communication Systems (2010)

In this study we present the influence imposed by the coexistence of wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) channels on a chaotic optical communication system tested in an installed network environment. Both conventional carriers that carry 10 Gb/s data sequences and chaotic carriers used for data-encrypted channel transmission have been considered in a dense WDM configuration. Inter-channel interference, channel polarization and cross-phase modulation are some dominant phenomena identified to affect the synchronization process of well-match chaotic optical oscillators. The efficiency of data recovery of the conventional and chaos encrypted channels is analyzed. 1.25 Gb/s data sequences, that are completely hidden propagate along the transmission link, are finally recovered by the authorized receiver-using forward error correction (FEC) methods-with bit error rates (BER) below 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-12</sup> , for channel spacing of 0.8 nm and in parallel polarized adjacent channels. When orthogonal polarization states are employed the channel spacing can be further reduced to 0.65 nm without sacrificing in the recovery performance.
Prediction of MLH1 and MSH2 Mutations in Lynch Syndrome (2006)

Personal and family history characteristics can accurately predict the outcome of genetic testing in a large population at risk of Lynch syndrome. The PREMM(1,2) model provides clinicians with an objective, easy-to-use tool to estimate the likelihood of finding mutations in the MLH1/MSH2 genes and may guide the strategy for molecular evaluation.