gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cellular and Anatomical Reservoirs of HIV-1 in Patients Receiving Potent Antiretroviral Combination Therapy (1998)

The eradication of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) from infected persons is the ultimate goal of HIV therapeutic interventions. Great strides have been made in developing potent antiretroviral regimens that greatly suppress HIV-1 replication. Despite these therapeutic advances, major obstacles remain to eradicating HIV-1. Reservoirs of HIV-1 have been identified that represent major impediments to eradication. Conceptually, there are 2 types of sanctuaries for HIV-1, cellular and anatomical. Cellular sanctuaries may include latent CD4+ T cells containing integrated HIV-1 provirus; macrophages, which may express HIV-1 for prolonged periods; and follicular dendritic cells, which may hold infectious HIV-1 on their surfaces for indeterminate lengths of time. The key anatomical reservoir for HIV-1 appears to be the central nervous system. An understanding of the nature of HIV within these reservoirs is critical to devising strategies to hasten viral eradication.
RSM Simplified: Optimizing Processes Using Response Surface Methods for Design of Experiments (2004)

Preface Chapter 1: Introduction to the Beauty of Response Surface Methods Chapter 2: Lessons to Learn from Happenstance Regression Chapter 3: Factorials to set the stage for more glamorous RSM Designs Chapter 4: Central Composite Design: Stars Added-RSM Show Begins Chapter 5: Three-Level Designs Chapter 6: Finding your sweet spot for multiple responses Chapter 7: Computer-generated optimal designs Chapter 8: Everything you should know about CCDs (but dare not ask!) Chapter 9: RSM for Six Sigma Chapter 10: Other Applications for RSM Chapter 11: Applying RSM to Mixtures Glossary References About the authors Index About the Software
A high-resolution wideband digital feedback system for seismometers (1988)

A versatile on-line digital feedback system for seismometers has been developed by combining an Amstrad PC 1512 computer with a wideband seismometer developed in the Cybernetics Department, Reading University. The PC 1512 computer is used for implementing A-D and D-A conversion, proportional-integral-derivative (PID) calculations, average filter and band selection, automatic scale control and data communication tasks. The system is controlled by a BASIC program with assembler subroutines, which makes it much faster than if only a high level language was used. This makes it possible to add more calculation and control tasks in a fixed sample period. The sampling rate can be up to 5000 per second. The digital system can operate in three-axis multiplex control in the whole of the wideband range (0-25 Hz). The relative resolution of the system is 16 bits; by means of automatic floating-point scale control the dynamic range is 20 bits (120 dB). Four pass bands are pre-set and can be selected from the keyboard.
MEDICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS OF ACTIVATED CHARCOAL: REVIEW ARTICLE (2015)

All in-text\treferences\tunderlined\tin\tblue\tare\tlinked\tto\tpublications\ton\tResearchGate, letting you\taccess\tand\tread\tthem\timmediately.
Toxicity symptoms caused by high expression of Tet represser in tomato (<i>Lycopersicon esculentum</i> Mill. L.) are alleviated by tetracycline (1996)

ABSTRACT As a first step towards transferring a tetracycline (Tc)‐inducible gene expression system to tomato, we have transformed tomato plants with the Tn 10 ‐encoded tet repressor gene ( tet R). Homozygous transformed plants with high expression of tet R mRNA show a deleterious phenotype, having reduced shoot dry weights and leaf chlorophyll content, an even more marked reduction in root dry weight and leaf size, and altered photosynthetic physiology. It appears that TetR protein exerts its toxicity only when expressed beyond a threshold level and by interacting with a process that is non‐limiting under slow growth conditions. The deleterious phenotype was almost completely reversed by the application of 1 mg dm −3 Tc to plants grown in sand. The possiblity is discussed that TetR causes these symptoms by binding to a specific DNA sequence functioning as a Tet operator. The effect of Tc on growth and physiology in wild‐type plants grown in sand or rockwool is described. Tc at 0.1 mg cm −3 had no effect. Tc at 1 mg dm −3 caused a small reduction in root growth, while 5 and 20 mg dm −3 Tc caused large reductions in growth and photosynthetic parameters.
Elementary Differential Equations and Boundary Value Problems. (1979)

Elementary differential equations and boundary value problems , Elementary differential equations and boundary value problems , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
A bulk-micromachined silicon micromirror for tunable optical switch applications (2002)

A bulk-micromachined electrostatic micromirror has been presented for tunable optical switching devices. A silicon micromirror with (111) crystalline planes has been fabricated. It measures 1000 /spl mu/m/spl times/400 /spl mu/m/spl times/90 /spl mu/m. The optical switching function has been obtained by an electrostatic drive of the micromirror in the direction parallel to the substrate. In a static performance test, stable deflection of the micromirror has been observed up to the threshold deflection of 26.5 /spl mu/m with the threshold voltage of 330 V. In a dynamic test, the resonant switching frequency has been measured as 590 kHz. For the DC bias voltage range of 50-300 V with an AC drive voltage of 10 V, a continuous reduction of the resonant switching frequency has been demonstrated with the maximum frequency reduction of 23.7%.
Studies on adjuvant‐induced polyarthritis in rats. II. Histogenesis of joint and visceral lesions (1963)

Abstract Mycobacterium butyricum in olive oil was injected intradermally and the sequential histologic changes in viscera and joints determined. Foci of suppuration in viscera occurred concomitantly with the onset of suppurative arthritis and periarthritis. The acute visceral lesions underwent healing by the time of onset of macroscopic polyarthritis. These observations are interpreted as evidence for an important infectious component in adjuvant‐induced disease.
Improved Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (2021)

Denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPM) are a class of generative models which have recently been shown to produce excellent samples. We show that with a few simple modifications, DDPMs can also achieve competitive log-likelihoods while maintaining high sample quality. Additionally, we find that learning variances of the reverse diffusion process allows sampling with an order of magnitude fewer forward passes with a negligible difference in sample quality, which is important for the practical deployment of these models. We additionally use precision and recall to compare how well DDPMs and GANs cover the target distribution. Finally, we show that the sample quality and likelihood of these models scale smoothly with model capacity and training compute, making them easily scalable. We release our code at https://github.com/openai/improved-diffusion
Novel Prognostic Model Based on Immune Signature for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2020)

Our prognostic model based on the immune signature could effectively predict the prognosis of HNSCC patients, providing novel predictive biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for HNSCC patients.
IEEE 8O2.11: wireless LANs from a to n (2004)

From its inception in 1980, the IEEE 802 committee has led the way in developing LAN (local area network) standards. The committee's work on wireless LANs (WLANs) began in 1987 within the TEEE 802.4 working group. Developing an ISM (industrial, scientific, and medical)-based WLAN using the equivalent of a token-passing bus media access control (MAC) protocol was the committee's initial goal. After some work, the committee decided that a token-bus-controlled radio medium would cause inefficient use of the radio frequency spectrum. In 1990, the committee formed a new working group, IEEE 802.11, specifically devoted to WLANs, with a charter to develop a MAC protocol and physical-medium specification. Since then, demand for WLANs, at different frequencies and data rates, has exploded. Keeping pace with this demand, the IEEE 802.11 working group has issued an ever-expanding list of standards.
Digest of cotton bale-ties of United States patents, (1877)

Claim.--1. The combination of the hasps D, haying a bridge or bar K, atthe outer end of its slot, arranged as described) with the oblong button e, the two to oper-
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Reactivity Studied by Hybrid QM/MM Methods (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Synthesis of Bosutinib from 3-Methoxy-4-hydroxybenzoic Acid (2010)

This paper reports a novel synthesis of bosutinib starting from 3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzoic acid. The process starts with esterification of the starting material, followed by alkylation, nitration, reduction, cyclization, chlorination and two successive amination reactions. The intermediates and target molecule were characterized by (1)H-NMR, (13)C-NMR, MS and the purities of all the compounds were determined by HPLC.
Adherence to Surveillance Among Patients With Superficial Bladder Cancer (2003)

The actual practice of surveillance for patients with superficial bladder cancer differs substantially from the standards recommended in clinical guidelines.
New water-jet dissector: Initial experience in hepatic surgery (1991)

Journal Article New water-jet dissector: Initial experience in hepatic surgery Get access H U Baer, H U Baer Department of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Inselspital, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland Correspondence to: Dr H. U. Baer, Klinik für Viszerale und Transplantationschirurgie, Inselspital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G J Maddern, G J Maddern Department of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Inselspital, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L H Blumgart L H Blumgart Department of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Inselspital, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Surgery, Volume 78, Issue 4, April 1991, Pages 502–503, https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800780438 Published: 08 December 2005 Article history Accepted: 10 October 1990 Published: 08 December 2005
A novel super-cooled humidification dehumidification system driven by thermal vapour compression unit for seawater desalination (2008)

The current study presents the concept of a novel seawater desalination system that is configured by a humidification?dehumidification unit based on the vapour-compression process (HDDTVC). The coupled refrigeration unit employs the thermal compression of vapour by a jet-ejector. The new technical idea of proposed desalination system depends mainly upon the creation of a super-cooled temperature under the ambient condition (near 0°C) for the dehumidification process, instead of using the heat sink in the cooling process. Subsequently, the significant development in the unit performance is achieved by increasing its availability owing to the condensation and collection of the dew from the atmospheric vapour as an additional source of water production, in addition to the product from the main source of seawater. A computer program based on a simulation mathematical model is constructed and a comprehensive analysis is discussed for the new system. The alternate novel process is characterised with the ability to recuperate the retrogressive water production in traditional process, where the productivity of freshwater may increase up to eight times compared with the conventional humidification?dehumidification process applied for the countries with hot and tropical climatological conditions. The amount of extracted and retrieved water from dew in most humid regions can reach around 51% and 37% of the new unit production. In this investigation, enhancement of the unit performance is the main objective. The influence of changing the characteristics of the jet-ejector (the cornerstone of the thermal refrigeration vapour-compression unit) on the system performance is discussed and analysed so as to clarify the controlling parameters. Also, the applicability of different working fluids is tested for the vapour compression process. Based on the current work, the new HDDTVC is suggested as a promising unit of medium-scale commercial production to provide arid and isolated communities with their requirements for potable water.
Hormone signaling systems in inner medullary collecting ducts (1992)

The inner medullary collecting duct is a complex tissue that exhibits a variety of hormone signaling systems. These include the following: adenylyl cyclase activity stimulated by vasopressin (AVP), beta-adrenergic agonists, or prostanoids and inhibited by alpha 2-adrenergic agents or adenosine; guanylate cyclase activity in response to atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP); phospholipase C activity stimulated by ANP, AVP, bradykinin, endothelin, epidermal growth factor (EGF), and muscarinic cholinergic agents; and phospholipase A2 activity stimulated by AVP, bradykinin, EGF, and endothelin. The signal transduction mechanisms for each of these hormone signaling systems is succinctly reviewed, and the interactions between different signaling pathways are discussed. Central to this interaction is the mutually inhibitory relationship between activation of adenylyl cyclase and phospholipases. Increasing cellular adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate content impairs activation of phospholipases A2 and C; conversely, stimulation of phospholipase C impairs AVP-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity via activation of protein kinase C.
Study on Photovoltaic Grid-connected Inverter based on Repetitive-PI Control (2008)

Aiming at the shortcomings of PI controller,this paper engaged in improving the control of photovoltaic grid-con-nected inverter and put forward a current tracking control strategy which combines PI control with repetitive control.The repetitive control was able to restrain the periodic disturbance of the load and power grid,and also it can evidently reduce the total harmonic distortion of the grid-connected current.On the other hand,using the error adjustment principle,the PI control made grid-connected current track the presetting sinusoidal reference signal in real time.Furthermore,a prejudged algorithm was adapted in the control strategy to eliminate the delayed influence due to inverter output filter as well as to make the phases of output current and grid voltage tend to the same.The experimental results show that the new control strategy has obviously improved the grid-connected current waveform and makes the frequencies and phases between the grid-connected current and grid voltage be completely in-phase.
Influence of the distance between target and substrate on the properties of transparent conducting Al–Zr co-doped zinc oxide thin films (2009)

Highly transparent and conducting Al–Zr co-doped zinc oxide (ZAZO) thin films were successfully prepared on glass substrate by direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering at room temperature. The distance between target and substrate was varied from 45 to 70 mm. All the deposited films are polycrystalline with a hexagonal structure and have a preferred orientation along the c-axis perpendicular to the substrate. The crystallinity increases obviously and the electrical resistivity decreases when the distance between target and substrate decreases from 70 to 50 mm. However, as the distance decreases further, the crystallinity decreases and the electrical resistivity increases. When the distance between target and substrate is 50 mm, it is found that the lowest resistivity is 6.9 × 10−4 Ω·cm. All the deposited films show a high average transmittance of above 92% in the visible range.
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors in organ transplantation. (1997)

Hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors reduces serum cholesterol in patients with high cholesterol blood levels including organ transplant recipients. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor also inhibits a series of immune responses and thus have the potential of exerting immunosuppressive effect in patients with organ allografts. Experimentally, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors reduces transplant arteriosclerosis. Whether this is linked to an immunosuppressive effect or not is unknown. There is little evidence that post-transplant hyperlipidemia directly increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Lipid lowering with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor is not indicated for all allograft recipients but should be used if other cardiovascular risk factors are present.
Preparation and Drug Release of Propylthiouracil Sustained-release Pellets (2012)

OBJECTIVE:To prepare Propylthiouracil sustained-release pellets,and to study in vitro release regularity of it.METHODS:The extrusion-spheronization was used to prepare Propylthiouracil sustained-release pellets,and the prescription formula was optimized with mixing uniform design method with similarity factor(f2) of actual release rate and the ideal release rate as key indicator.The effects of rotation speed(50,75,100 r·min-1),release medium(pH 1.0 hydrochloric acid solution,pH 4.0 phosphate buffer,pH 6.8 phosphate buffer,distilled water) on drug release were investigated and drug delivery model was fitted.RESULTS:The optimal ratio of ethyl cellulose,microcrystalline cellulose and propylthiouracil was 0.1:0.25:0.65,similarity factor f2 of actual release rate of optimized prescription and the ideal release rate was 71.04.3 kinds of rotation speed had no effect on drug release(f265);at 50 r·min-1 drug released slowly,which can better simulate the in vivo environment.4 kinds of release media had no effect on drug release(f270).Single-index model and Higuchi equation were fitted and drug released mainly by means of diffusion.CONCLUSION:In vitro release rate of Propylthiouracil sustained-release pellets meets the design requirements,and the in vitro drug release is in line with the Fick diffusion mechanism.
<title>CRESCENT: a novel piezoelectric bending actuator</title> (1997)

Piezoelectric actuators have significant potential for use in smart systems like vibration suppression and acoustic noise canceling devices. In this work, a novel piezoelectric bending actuator CRESCENT was developed. CRESCENT is a stress-biased ceramic-metal composite actuator. The technology involves the use of the difference in thermal contraction between the ceramic and the metal plates bonded together at a high temperature by a polymeric agent to produce a stress-biased curved structure. An extensive experimental investigation of this device in the cantilever configuration was carried out. The tip displacement, blocking force and electrical admittance and were chosen to characterize the performance of the actuator under quasistatic conditions. The device fabricated at optimum temperature exhibits large tip displacement and blocking force and possesses superior electromechanical characteristics to conventional unimorph actuators.
RF and Microwave Semiconductor Device Handbook (2010)

A varactor is a nonlinear reactive device used for harmonic generation, parametric amplification, mixing, detection, and voltage-variable tuning. However, present applications of varactors are mostly for harmonic generation at millimeter and submillimeter wave frequencies, and as tuning elements in various microwave applications. Varactors normally exhibit a voltage-dependent capacitance and can be fabricated from a variety of semiconductor materials.
Characterization of anti-Fab' antibodies in human sera: identification of soluble immune complexes that contain hidden anti-KLH and blocking anti-immunoglobulins following immunization with keyhole limpet haemocyanin. (1983)

After immunization with keyhole limpet haemocyanin (KLH), increased concentrations of anti-KLH and anti-Fab' antibodies (Abs) were demonstrated in sera from 18 of 20 volunteers. In many cases, post-immunization sera contained soluble immune complexes that incorporated both anti-Fab' and 'hidden' or 'blocked' anti-KLH antibodies. The complexes containing hidden anti-KLH and blocking anti-Fab' Abs were not found in pre-immunization sera. The hidden Abs to KLH were revealed by demonstrating increases in anti-KLH activity in sera incubated previously with Fab' fragments, immobilized on plastic microtitre tray wells. Incubation with insoluble Fab' did not influence the quantity of anti-tetanus toxoid (TT) that was detected in these sera. Addition of affinity purified anti-Fab' Abs to samples, previously 'unblocked' by adsorption with immobilized Fab', depressed their anti-KLH activity to levels present before adsorption, but did not change the quantity of Abs to Dermatophytin, Trychophyton, or TT therein. These results suggest that some autoantibodies generically recognized as 'Fab' specific' have properties that are usually considered to be characteristic of autoanti-idiotypes.
History and industrial application of carotenoids and vitamin A (1979)

A review is given of the development of the industrial manufacture of carotenoids and vitamin A by isolation and by synthesis. Special emphasis is placed on the use of carotenoids as a preferred class of colouring matters for food and feed .
Monovalent‐Divalent Cation‐Exchange Equilibria in Soils in Relation to Organic Matter and Type of Clay (1964)

Abstract Cation‐exchange equilibria at pH 7 were measured using ion pairs of Na‐Ca, Li‐Ca and Li‐Mg on each of 10 soils. Data on Li‐Mg and Na‐Ca ion pairs were nearly the same and data on Li‐Ca were highly correlated with exchange equilibria data on both Na‐Ca and Li‐Mg. Two soils containing largely amorphous clay minerals showed a higher preference for Li than soils containing dominantly crystalline clay minerals. Destruction of the organic matter in two soils increased the ratio of Na to Ca adsorption to a much greater extent than would be predicted by the decrease in measured surface charge density. At a sodium‐adsorption ratio (SAR) of 100 (mmole per liter) 1/2 , organic‐matter free soils containing dominantly montmorillonite and illite clays had ratios of Na to Ca adsorption of 1.66 to 1.94 (excluding one soil, 1.66 to 1.78). Two soils with dominantly amorphous minerals had ratios of 0.92 and 1.10, and one soil with a mixture of kaolinite, illite, and amorphous clays had a ratio of 1.35.
M. ChurkinJr. 1973. Palaeozoic and Precambrian Rocks of Alaska and their Role in its Structural Evolution. U.S. Geological Survey Prof. Paper 740. iv+64 pp., 24 figs. Washington, D. C. Price 65 cents. (1974)

M. ChurkinJr. 1973. Palaeozoic and Precambrian Rocks of Alaska and their Role in its Structural Evolution. U.S. Geological Survey Prof. Paper 740. iv+64 pp., 24 figs. Washington, D. C. Price 65 cents. - Volume 111 Issue 3
Chapter 10. Ti, Zr, and Hf (1993)

S. A. Cotton, Annu. Rep. Prog. Chem., Sect. A: Inorg. Chem., 1993, 90, 119 DOI: 10.1039/IC9939000119