gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Glycine Inhibits Growth of T Lymphocytes by an IL-2-Independent Mechanism (2000)

Previously, it was shown that glycine prevented increases in intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) in Kupffer cells. Since Kupffer cells and T lymphocytes are derived from the same pluripotent stem cell, it was hypothesized that glycine would prevent increases in [Ca2+]i in lymphocytes and inhibit cell proliferation. Lymphocyte proliferation was measured in one-way MLC with spleen cells from DA and Lewis rats and in enriched T lymphocyte preparations stimulated by immobilized anti-CD3 Ab. Glycine caused a dose-dependent decrease in cell proliferation to about 40% of control. Con A caused a dose-dependent increase in [Ca2+]i in Jurkat cells which was blunted maximally with 0.6 mM glycine. The effect of glycine was dependent on extracellular chloride and reversed by strychnine, an antagonist of the glycine-gated chloride channel. Similar results were obtained with rat T lymphocytes stimulated by anti-CD3 Ab. Surprisingly, glycine had no effect on IL-2 production in the mixed lymphocyte culture; therefore, the effect of glycine on IL-2-dependent proliferation was tested. Glycine and rapamycin caused dose-dependent decreases in IL-2-stimulated growth of Ctll-2 cells to about 60% and 40%, respectively, of control. Moreover, glycine also inhibited the IL-2-stimulated growth of rat splenic lymphocytes. It is concluded that glycine blunts proliferation in an IL-2-independent manner. This is consistent with the hypothesis that glycine activates a glycine-gated chloride channel and hyperpolarizes the cell membrane-blunting increases in [Ca2+]i that are required for transcription of factors necessary for cell proliferation.
Activity of Alkanediol Alkanoates against Pathogenic Plant Fungi <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> and <i>Sclerotium rolfsii</i> (2012)

Thirty known dialkanoates of ethylene, propylene and diethylene glycols were synthesized by reacting the glycols with acyl chlorides and their structures confirmed by IR, NMR and mass spectral analyses. They exhibited significant antifungal activity against two phytopathogenic fungi Rhizoctonia solani Kuehn and Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc in a dose dependent manner. Propylene glycol dipentanoate was the most active against R. solani. followed by diethylene glycol dibutanoate and ethylene glycol dibutanoate. Against S. rolfsii ethylene glycol diheptanoate was found to be most active followed by diethylene glycol diisobutanoate As compared to the standard reference benomyl (EC50 5.16 microg/mL), the potential alkanediol dialkanoates showed EC50 in the range of 33 - 60 microg/mL.
Routine patch testing with the sesquiterpene lactone mix in Europe: a 2‐year experience A multicentre study of the EECDRG (1999)

To test the screening value of the sesquiterpene lactone (SL) mix in Europe today and describe epidemiological and clinical features of Compositae-sensitive patients, the SL mix 0.1% pet. was included in the standard patch test series in 11 European clinics. 10,695 patients were tested, and 106 (1%) had positive reactions, 74% of which were of current or old relevance. The prevalence of positive reactions varied between 0.1 and 2.7% in different centres. The median age of the 66 females was 51.5 years, and 55.2 in the 40 males. The 20 occupationally sensitized had a higher % of males and a median age of 43 years, whereas 7 UV-sensitive patients had a median age of 72 years. Garden plants were the major suspected sensitizers and the clinical patterns were partly, in accordance with plant dermatoses in general, involving hands, forearms and face, and partly widespread eczema in a large proportion of the patients. More than 1/3 were positive to perfume and/or colophony, possibly reflecting cross-reactivity. With only 1 case of active sensitization and no irritant reactions, the SL mix is a safe allergen and the overall prevalence of positive reactions supports its continued use in the standard patch test series.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of 1‐Aryl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinolines. Part 1. Addition of Chiral Phenylacetaldehyde Acetals to Acylimines. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The Measurement of Glycerol in the Presence of Citrate (1964)

A method for determining glycerol in citrated blood is described. It was found that citrate ions produce interfering turbidity when the procedure recommended by Bailey is applied to glycerol‐citrate‐blood mixtures. The addition of absolute alcohol during deproteinization results in the precipitation of citrates and eliminates the need for zinc sulfate and its subsequent removal by the addition of excess barium hydroxide. The average recovery of glycerol added to blood‐citrate mixtures is 99 per cent.
A Novel de novo Mutation in the G6PD Gene in a Korean Boy with Glucose-6-phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency: Case Report. (2015)

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is an X-linked recessive hemolytic anemia caused by a mutation in the G6PD gene on Xq28. Herein, we describe a Korean boy with G6PD deficiency resulting from a novel mutation in G6PD. A 20-month-old boy with hemolytic anemia was referred for molecular diagnosis. He had no relevant family history. The G6PD activity was severely decreased at 0.2 U/g Hb (severe deficiency). Direct sequencing analyses on the G6PD gene revealed that he was hemizygous for a novel missense variant, c.1187C>G (p.Pro396Arg), in exon 10 of G6PD. Family study involving his parents revealed the de novo occurrence of the mutation. This is the first report of genetically confirmed G6PD deficiency in Korea.
Reorganization of visual processing in macular degeneration is not specific to the "preferred retinal locus" (2010)

Recent work has shown that foveal cortex, deprived of its normal bottom-up input as a result of macular degeneration (MD), begins responding to stimuli presented to a peripheral retinal location. However, these studies have only presented stimuli to the “preferred retinal location”, or PRL, a spared part of the peripheral retina used by individuals with MD for fixating, face recognition, reading, and other visual tasks. Thus, previous research has not yet answered a question critical for understanding the mechanisms underlying this reorganization: Does formerly foveal cortex respond only to stimuli presented at the PRL, or does it also respond to other peripheral locations of similar eccentricity? If foveal cortex responds to stimuli at PRL because the PRL has become the functional equivalent of the fovea (the “Functional Fovea” hypothesis), then foveal cortex will not respond to stimuli presented at other locations. On the other hand, if foveal cortex responds to stimuli at PRL because deprived cortex simply responds to any peripheral retinal input, independent of whether input at that retinal location has been chronically attended for months or years (the “Passive Reorganization” hypothesis), then foveal cortex will respond not only to stimuli at PRL, but also other peripheral locations of similar eccentricity. Using fMRI, we found clear activation of foveal cortex to stimuli presented at either the PRL or an iso-eccentric non-PRL location in two individuals with MD, supporting the Passive Reorganization hypothesis. This finding suggests that reorganization is driven by passive, not use-dependent mechanisms.
Osteoclast radical interactions: NADPH causes pulsatile release of NO and stimulates superoxide production. (1995)

Osteoclasts have been shown to destroy calcified tissue by complex developmental steps involving cell recruitment, cell attachment and deployment of multiple enzymes. They also appear to regulate resorption by several mechanisms. In particular, earlier investigations have indicated that oxygen radical metabolites may be produce by osteoclasts. These labile reactants could accelerate destruction of calcified tissue. In addition, recent studies have suggested that nitric oxide may have an inhibitory role in bone resorption. Previous studies of these radical substituents have predicted that interactions of nitric oxide and oxygen radicals could explain the conflicting roles of these radicals in the control of bone resorption. In view of the requirement of both of the enzymes, NADPH-oxidase and NO synthase (NOS), for NADPH(beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate), one level of interaction could be related to competition for this necessary cofactor. To test this hypothesis, we have investigated the ability of the osteoclast to generate nitric oxide and oxygen radicals after stimulation by NADPH. Consistent with earlier diaphorase histochemistry, we have shown that resorbing osteoclasts produce NO. Addition of NADPH (10 microM) resulted in a transient burst of NO production (measured by porphyrin coated microsensor) with an amplitude of 152 +/- 43 nM and a duration of 4 seconds. Repetitive stimulation resulted in a decremental response with a partial recovery after 30 minutes. Addition of L-NAME (N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, 100 microM) to the cells resulted in at least 50% inhibition of the amplitude of NO peak and produced an extended peak duration. To compare the effect of the added NADPH on superoxide production by osteoclast NADPH-oxidase, osteoclast oxygen radicals were detected by EPR(electron paramagnetic resonance) spectrometer with the spin-trap 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO). The production of a spin adduct with a quadruplet signal was inhibited by SOD (superoxide dismutase). We were not able to demonstrate an increase in superoxide production after addition of L-NAME, another possible interaction of NOS and NADPH-oxidase. These results demonstrate that although osteoclasts produce both NO and superoxide, NOS competition for NADPH is not a major site of interaction with NADPH-oxidase under these conditions. Additionally, these initial findings set the stage for the further investigation of interactions of osteoclast radicals in modulating bone resorption.
Quantification of Epithelial Volume by Image Applied to Ovarian Tumors (1987)

This paper describes an image analysis technique for automated estimation of the percentages of epithelium and stroma in (tumor) tissue. The program is evaluated on ovarian tumors of the serous, mucinous, and endometrioid type. From standard paraffin sections, stained with pararosanilin Feulgen and naphthol yellow, a blue-yellow image pair was recorded. The blue image was used for the determination of the total tissue area and the yellow image for the epithelial area. For the latter the image processing method is based on the fact that epithelial nuclei are generally more tightly packed than stromal nuclei. A structural approach was applied, in which the segmentation of the nuclei was based on the image contrast range in the density domain. The method has been tested with 78 image pairs from 19 ovarian tumors with varying degrees of malignancy. The area percentages, as assessed with image processing, were strongly correlated to control percentages, established by interactive morphometry (r = 0.98).
α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>3</sub> Integrin-Targeting Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) Peptidomimetics Containing Oligoethylene Glycol (OEG) Spacers (2009)

RGD peptides are used in biomaterials science for surface modifications with a view to elicit selective cellular responses. Our objective is to replace peptides by small peptidomimetics acting similarly. We designed novel molecules targeting alpha(v)beta(3) integrin and featuring spacer-arms (for surface grafting), which do not disturb the biological activity, from (l) N-(3-(trifluoromethyl)benzenesulfonyl) tyrosine used as scaffold. Various Arg-mimics were fixed on the phenol function, and the ortho position was used for the coupling of OEG spacers. All peptidomimetics were active in the nM range in a binding test toward human alpha(v)beta(3) integrin (IC(50) = 0.1 to 1.7 nM) and selective versus platelet integrin alpha(IIb)beta(3). Selected compounds revealed excellent ability to inhibit bone cells adhesion on vitronectin. Modeling and docking studies were performed for comparing the most active RGD peptidomimetic to cilengitide, i.e., cyclo-[RGDfN(Me)V]-. Lastly, the adhesion of endothelial cells on a cultivation support grafted with RGD peptidomimetics was significantly improved.
Non-trimmable LC oscillator for all CMOS frequency control (2015)

A fully integrated all CMOS oscillator frequency reference is presented that is suitable for crystal replacement in relaxed requirement applications. The frequency reference constitutes a new approach of CMOS frequency control based on a reference-less non-trimmable LC oscillator (LCO) with a resonance frequency of approximately 3.15 GHz and a low jitter fractional divider. The fractional frequency divider consists of an integer divider and a programmable delay and thus provides a wide range of possible output frequencies from 1 to 180 MHz. A complex control logic comprising a nonvolatile memory (NVM) performs the calibration, frequency setup, and temperature compensation of the device. A planar magnetic decoupling structure is used to reduce the sensitivity of the LCO to its environment. This implementation allows the assembly of the LCO chip in a standard plastic package without using a Faraday shield. The device achieves an initial frequency stability of ±50 ppm over a temperature region of -20 to 85°C. The presented architecture overall dissipates 6.5mA from a 1.8-3.6V power supply (buffer neglected) and is competitive to already existing integer divider based LCO frequency reference realisations.
Application of ion exchangers prepared by introduction of ion exchange groups into packings for high performance aqueous gel permeation chromatography (1980)

水系のゲル濾過剤にイオン交換基を導入したイオン交換体は,たん白などを中心に幅広く使用されているが,一般に基材が膨潤性を持つものが多い.新しく開発された高速用水系ゲル濾過剤にイオン交換基を導入すれば,その担体の非吸着性と物理的安定性から,この分野の高速化に適していると思われる.このような観点から,高速用水系ゲル濾過剤(TSK-GEL G2000SW)に陽イオン交換基を導入し,カテコールアミン,トリプトファン代謝物,そしてアミノ酸など低分子化合物を中心に,その応用について基礎的検討を行い良好な結果を得た.
Steroidal Sapogenins. IX.<sup>1</sup> Oxidation of Δ<sup>5,16,20(22)</sup>-Furostatriene-3β,26-diol<sup>2</sup> (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSteroidal Sapogenins. IX.1 Oxidation of Δ5,16,20(22)-Furostatriene-3β,26-diol2A. Sandoval, J. Romo, G. Rosenkranz, St. Kaufmann, and Carl DjerassiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1951, 73, 8, 3820–3824Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1951https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01152a077RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views67Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (660 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Hydroxyapatite Coatings Incorporating Silicon Ion Releasing System on Titanium Prepared Using Water Glass and Vaterite (2011)

A new type of bioactive coating with the ability to release soluble silica species was prepared on a titanium substrate surface using water glass and vaterite (CaCO 3 ) particles and precipitating hydroxycarbonate apatite (HCA) from solution. Silica was incorporated because soluble silica and calcium ions have been reported to stimulate osteogenic cells to produce new bone matrix. Water glass was coated on the substrate surface and then heated at 300°C for 2 h and then soaked in 0.1 M HCl aqueous solution at 50°C for 120 min, resulting in the formation of silica layer on the surface. One of vaterite, calcite, aragonite, or CaCl 2 was coated on the silica layer to enhance HCA formation on the surface in modified simulated body fluid (1.5 SBF). Vaterite was found to encourage the most rapid HCA formation. The titanium substrates coated with silica and HCA layers, continuously released about 53 m M of silicon species a day. The HCA layer contained a trace amount of silicon, which was expected to be released from the silica layer and trapped in the layer during 1.5 SBF‐soaking. Osteoblast‐like cells (MC3T3‐E1) proliferated better on the substrate releasing soluble silica than on an HCA layer on titanium containing no silica.
Radio channel simulation for microcell line-of-sight scenario (2008)

A novel geometry-based channel model (GCM) for line-of-sight (LoS) microcell scenario in dense urban areas is proposed. The proposed two dimensional scattering power distribution (SPD) is postulated on the physical phenomenon is obtained. The implementation issues are discussed and the delay-power spectrum (DPS) and azimuth-power spectrum (APS) derived from the proposed model are compared to those for conventional elliptical models as well as to the experimental results. The superior prediction of the proposed model in contrast to the conventional models is demonstrated.
Novel therapies for open-angle glaucoma (2014)

Open-angle glaucoma is a multifactorial optic neuropathy characterized by progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells and their axons. It is an irreversible disease with no established cure. The only currently approved treatment is aimed at lowering intraocular pressure, the most significant risk factor known to date. However, it is now clear that there are other risk factors involved in glaucoma's pathophysiology. To achieve future improvements in glaucoma management, new approaches to therapies and novel targets must be developed. Such therapies may include new tissue targets for lowering intraocular pressure, molecules influencing ocular hemodynamics, and treatments providing neuroprotection of retinal ganglion cells. Furthermore, novel drug delivery systems are in development that may improve patient compliance, increase bioavailability, and decrease adverse side effects.
Effect of cocultivation of ruminal chytrid fungi with Methanobrevibacter smithii on lucerne stem degradation and extracellular fungal enzyme activities (1991)

Pentoses and hexoses were removed simultaneously from lucerne (Medicago sativa) stem by Piromonas communis and Neocallimastix frontalis growing axenically or in coculture with Methanobrevibacter smithii. In monocultures, more arabinose (68–71%) than glucose (52–53%) or xylose (25–30%) was removed. In cocultures, xylose solubilization from cell walls increased for P. communis whereas glucose solubilization increased for both fungi. The rates of sugar removal were monosaccharide‐dependent. For both fungi, the specific activities of extracellular hydrolytic enzymes were markedly elevated in methanogenic cocultures.
Development of Antibiotic Formulations for Combat Casualty Care (1994)

Abstract : The object of this contract was to develop biodegradable, controlled- release formulations for the local administration of cefamandole and tobramycin. These formulations were designed to prevent infection of wounds resulting from warfare. Under the original scope of the research program we planned to develop two dosage forms for each drug -- microspheres and microbeads. The microsphere formulations, antibiotic spheres less than 1 mm in diameter, were designed for topical administration. The microbead formulations, antibiotic spheres about 5 mm in diameter, were designed for intraosteal administration. On October 18, 1993, the contract for this research program was modified to delete the tobramycin microbead deliverable from the contract requirements. To meet the objective of this research program, we prepared and characterized microsphere and microbead formulations with cefamandole and tobramycin. We developed a cefamandole microsphere formulation that released cefamandole for 28 days in vitro and a cefamandole microbead formulation that released cefamandole for 35 days in vitro. And we developed a tobramycin microsphere formulation that released tobramycin for 35 days in vitro. Samples of these formulations were sent to the U.S. Army Institute of Dental Research (USAIDR) for in-house evaluation (in vivo efficacy). Antibiotic, Tobramycin, Cefamandole, Microspheres, Controlled release, Wound treatment, Microbeads, Osteomyelitis.
Human Rhinovirus Species and Season of Infection Determine Illness Severity (2012)

Factors related to HRV species and type, season, and host susceptibility determine the risk of more severe HRV illness in infancy. These findings suggest that anti-HRV strategies should focus on HRV-A and -C species and identify the need for additional studies to determine mechanisms for seasonal increases of HRV severity, independent of viral prevalence, in cold weather months.
Raman scattering study of [<i>hhk</i>]-GaAs/(Si or CaF2) strained heterostructures (1994)

Raman spectroscopy is used to measure the frequency shift, symmetry, and activity of long-wavelength optical phonons in several GaAs strained epilayers. The results are compared with theoretical evaluations using the elastic compliances, phonon deformation potentials, and Raman tensors. The effect of growth direction ([001], [111], and [112]) and the substrate nature (Si or CaF2) is analyzed. The importance of nonstandard growth directions, [111] or [112], on residual stress and piezoelectric effect is discussed.
Robot path planning algorithm based on cellular automata (2010)

For global optimal path planning of mobile robot,a path planning algorithm based on cellular automata is proposed. This algorithm defines the robot's starting point,target point and the obstacle points in the environment as a group of discrete cellular states,and builds cellullar automata model of environment,then designs evolution rules by the robot's Manhattan distance. Finally,the optimal path can be found out according to the cellular states after evolution. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of GaAs surface exposed to a rf hydrogen plasma (1993)

Using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis, it is shown that hydrogen plasma treatment of the gallium arsenide surface induces a modification of the superficial stoichiometry. The resulting surface composition presents a gallium enrichment and is the same whatever the initial composition. The departure from the stoichiometry increases with the plasma power. After the plasma treatment, the absence of arsenic oxidation and an abnormal gallium suboxidation state is observed. Moreover, these new gallium and arsenic oxidation states are stable when the sample is left in the air.