gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Progesterone supplementation during early gestations after IVF or ICSI has no effect on the delivery rates: a randomized controlled trial (2002)

Prolongation of progesterone supplementation in early pregnancy has no influence on the miscarriage rate, and thus no effect on the delivery rate. Progesterone supplementation can safely be withdrawn at the time of a positive HCG test.
144. The synthesis of some galactaric (mucic) acid derivatives (1958)

K. Butler, D. R. Lawrance and M. Stacey, J. Chem. Soc., 1958, 740 DOI: 10.1039/JR9580000740
Treatment of inoperable cancer of the liver by intra-arterial radioactive isotopes and chemotherapy (1967)

One hundred eighteen patients were treated. Of 22 patients given cancer chemotherapeutic drugs alone (methotrexate and 5-FU), 27% showed objective responses and 59% subjective responses; the average duration of life was 3.9 months. Of 37 patients treated with radioactive isotopes alone (90Y radiating microspheres), objective responses were observed in 32% and subjective responses in 54%; the average duration of life was 4.6 months, 4 patients still are alive at 4 to 18 months. Of 59 patients treated by a combination of cancer chemotherapy and 90Y microspheres, 47% showed objective responses and 61% subjective responses; the average duration of life was 5.6 months and 4 patients still are alive at 5 to 36 months. In the selection of suitable patients for treatment, hepatic gammascanning has been useful, particularly the combined scans utilizing 131iodine rose bengal and 198gold, for determining the gross anatomic extent of cancerous hepatic involvement and the status of the noninvolved hepatic parenchyma.
Biased swimming cells do not disperse in pipes as tracers: A population model based on microscale behaviour (2012)

There is much current interest in modelling suspensions of algae and other micro-organisms for biotechnological exploitation, and many bioreactors are of tubular design. Using generalized Taylor dispersion theory, we develop a population-level swimming-advection-diffusion model for suspensions of micro-organisms in a vertical pipe flow. In particular, a combination of gravitational and viscous torques acting on individual cells can affect their swimming behaviour, which is termed gyrotaxis. This typically leads to local cell drift and diffusion in a suspension of cells. In a flow in a pipe, small amounts of radial drift across streamlines can have a major impact on the effective axial drift and diffusion of the cells. We present a Galerkin method to calculate the local mean swimming velocity and diffusion tensor based on local shear for arbitrary flow rates. This method is validated with asymptotic results obtained in the limits of weak and strong shear. We solve the resultant swimming-advection-diffusion equation using numerical methods for the case of imposed Poiseuille flow and investigate how the flow modifies the dispersion of active swimmers from that of passive scalars. We establish that generalized Taylor dispersion theory predicts an enhancement of gyrotactic focussing in pipe flow with increasing shear strength, in contrast to earlier models. We also show that biased swimming cells may behave very differently to passive tracers, drifting axially at up to twice the rate and diffusing much less.
Trichomonas vaginalis is Highly Prevalent in Adolescent Girls, Pregnant Women, and Commercial Sex Workers in Ndola, Zambia (2010)

We detected high prevalence rates of trichomoniasis among women in Ndola, Zambia. Prevalence among adolescent girls was lower than among pregnant women and commercial sex workers but was still high. We were not able to detect differences in T. vaginalis actin genotypes among the 3 study groups.
Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Medullary Carcinoma of the Breast - A Case Report (1994)

Medullary carcinoma (MC) of the breast is an uncommon histologic form of infiltrating ductal carcinoma and the cytologic features of MC are not well delineated. We recently experienced a case of fine needle aspiration cytology of MC of the breast. The characteristic cytopathologic features were cellular aspirate consisting of large, pleomorphic cells in background of many single to clusters of lymphocytes.
Challenges of Employing VoiceThread to Enhance U.S. Collegiate Chinese Language Learners’ Oral Proficiency (2019)

The digital age in education inspires Chinese teachers to integrate Web 2.0 technologies into Chinese as a second language (CSL) curricula to enhance teaching effects. However, few studies examine the challenges that teachers face when integrating Web 2.0 technologies to improve student oral proficiency in Chinese. This study aims to investigate students’ perceptions of the effectiveness of the Web 2.0 technology VoiceThread (VT). It examines the challenges of integrating VT to enhance student oral proficiency. The authors conducted two studies with 31 students responding to a questionnaire in Study 1 and 48 students responding to the same questionnaire in Study 2. All students are beginner-level CSL learners. Three results were obtained. Result 1 shows that documents and articles report VT as popular and easy to use, however, few teachers employed VT in their teaching practices. Result 2 indicates another discrepancy. Although students highly evaluated the usefulness of the VT-facilitated activities, they were reluctant to perform these activities. By comparing Study 1 and Study 2, the authors obtained Result 3: Students in Study 2 evaluated VT-integrated teaching practices consistently higher than those in Study 1. Teachers’ using experiences primarily led these perception differences. This study provides CSL teachers with a vision of the opportunities and challenges that may occur when they integrate Web 2.0 technologies into curricular to improve CSL oral proficiency.
Organic Small Molecules Host Materials for Blue Phosphorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (2013)

Organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) have gained tremendous attention due to their significant potential applications in flat-panel displays and solid state lighting. Blue electrophosphorescent devices are bottlenecks of research of OLEDs because of efficiency and stability, the choice of host materials for blue electrophosphorescence is very important. This review summarizes the recent progress in organic small molecules host materials for blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes, focusing on the design strategies and device performance. Different type host materials including hole-transport-type host materials, silane-based host materials, electron-transport-type host materials, bipolar transport host materials and solution-processed host materials for blue electrophosphorescence are summarized with their structures, features and corresponding devices performance. Finally, the direction of development of organic small molecule host materials for blue electrophosphorescence is prospected.
Exploiting Diversity in Broadband Wireless Relay Networks (2012)

Fading is one of the most fundamental impairments to wireless communications. The standard approach to combating fading is by adding redundancy- or diversity- to help increase coverage and transmission speed. Motivated by the results in multiple-input multiple-output technologies, which are usually used at base sta-tions or access points, cooperation commutation has been proposed to improve the performance of wireless networks which consist of low-cost single antenna devices. While the majority of the research in cooperative communication focuses on flat fading for its simplicity and easy analysis, in practice the underlying channels in broadband wireless communication systems such as cellular systems (UMTS/LTE) are more likely to exhibit frequency selective fading. In this dissertation, we con-sider a frequency selective fading channel model and explore distributed diversity techniques in broadband wireless relay networks, with consideration to practical issues such as channel estimation and complexity-performance tradeoffs. We first study a system model with one source, one destination and multi-ple decode-and-forward (DF) relays which share a single channel orthogonal to the source. We derive the diversity-multiplexing tradeoff (DMT) for several re-
The Role of Enteropeptidase in the Digestion of Protein and its Development in Human Fetal Small Intestine (1979)

Enteropeptidase converts trypsinogen into active trypsin, which not only hydrolyses some peptide bonds of food proteins but also activates a number of pancreatic zymogens. For this reason enteropeptidase is a key enzyme in the digestion of dietary proteins and its absence may result in gross protein malabsorption.
Degradation of natural lignins and lignocellulosic substrates by soil-inhabiting fungi imperfecti (1996)

The most powerful lignin-degraders among the 82 microbial strains isolated during a screening of ligninolytic microorganisms from forest soil were identified as Penicillium chrysogenum, Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani. These fungi imperfecti mineralized 27.4%, 23.5% and 22.6% of 14C-labelled milled wood lignin (MWL) from wheat straw after 28 days of incubation in liquid media. Degradation of MWL from pine by P. chrysogenum was 8% and 19% when it was evaluated by spectrophotometry and Klason lignin, respectively, but this substrate was hardly mineralized. All fungi were able to attack the hemicellulosic, cellulosic and also lignin fractions of wheat straw during solid-state fermentation, F. solani being capable of degrading about 25% of both carbohydrates and lignin. When the selected fungi were tested for dye decolourization, they all readily attacked the polymeric dye Remazol brilliant blue R (RBBR) and also poly R-478 to a minor extent.
The Use of the Operating Microscope for Cleft Palate Repair and Pharyngoplasty (2003)

Since 1991, the author has used the operating microscope for all palate and pharyngeal operations. There are benefits for the surgeon, who operates in a more comfortable position with reliable lighting and variable magnification; for trainees and operating room staff, who have the same view as the surgeon, either through a teaching arm or on a video screen; and, it is hoped, for the patient, as the anatomy is more clearly displayed and potentially, therefore, more accurately reconstructed.
Mcirobial production of vitamin B12 antimetabolites. I. N5-hydroxy-L-arginine from Bacillus cereus 439. (1974)

One of the vitamin B12 antimetabolites produced by Bacillus cereus 439 has been identified as N5-hydroxy-L-arginine on the basis of its mass-spectrum, 13C-NMR, and mobilities in thin-layer chromatography and paper chromatography in comparison with standard material. The inhibition of growth of Escherichia coli (Davis 113-3)by this compound was reversed by vitamin B12 and was potentiated by L-lysine and 4-hydroxy-L-lysine. Vitamin B12 also partially reversed the inhibition of growth by N5-hydroxy-L-arginine of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, other strains of E. coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. While neither N5-hydroxy-L-arginine nor L-lysine affected the growth in tissue culture of KB cells, the mixture of these two amino acids was quite inhibitory.
Heterogeneity of human colony-forming cells (1978)

Culture supernatants from established human fibroblast cell lines (FCM) and from phytahemagglutinin-stimulated peripheral blood leukocytes (LCM) were compared with respect to their stimulatory effects on the colony formation by human marrow leukocyte precursors in vitro using the methylcellulose culture system. The cultures were performed using specimens from children with a variety of disorders. LCM stimulation consistently produced a significantly higher proportion of macrophage colonies than did FCM stimulation, whereas FCM stimulation resulted in a significantly higher number of number of neutrophil colonies. Based on the sequential examination of colony numbers in 35 FCM-and 11 LCM- stimulated cultures, the colonies in LCM-stimulated cultures (predominantly macrophage colonies) survived much longer than those in FCM-stimulated cultures (predominantly neutrophil colonies). Cell fractionation experiments by velocity sedimentation on four different specimens revealed that the majority of FCM-responsive cells were large and formed pure neutrophil colonies, while the majority of LCM- responsive cells were smaller and formed either pure macrophage or mixed neutrophil-macrophage colonies. These observations suggest that human colony-forming cells consist of at least two distinct cell populations different in (1) cell size, (2) response to two different conditioned media, LCM and FCM, and (3) type of colonies each population forms.
Structural and functional analysis of cellular networks with CellNetAnalyzer (2007)

CellNetAnalyzer provides a single suite to perform structural and qualitative analysis of both mass-flow- and signal-flow-based cellular networks in a user-friendly environment. It provides a large toolbox with various, partially unique, functions and algorithms for functional network analysis. CellNetAnalyzer is freely available for academic use.
Using optical nonlinearities to enhance microwave optical links (2009)

Historically, analog fiber optic links have been designed with the goals of high linearity and low noise. Rather than avoid all nonlinear effects, we consider ways that optical nonlinearities can enhance the performance of a microwave optical link, and describe two specific examples.
Facile Approach to Prepare Nickel Cobaltite Nanowire Materials for Supercapacitors (2011)

Excellent electrochemical performance results from the coexistence of nickel and cobalt ions, with mesoporous characteristics and nanocrystal structure. Nickel cobalt nanowire is prepared by hydrothermal and thermal decomposition processes. High capacitance of 722 F g(-1) can be obtained at 1 A g(-1) in 6 M KOH, with a capacitance retention ratio of ca. 79% at 20 A g(-1) .
Na transport in sheep rumen is modulated by voltage-dependent cation conductance in apical membrane (1999)

The effects of clamping the transepithelial potential difference (PDt; mucosa reference) have been studied in sheep rumen epithelium. Pieces of ruminal epithelium were examined in Ussing chambers, in a part of the experiments combined with conventional intracellular recordings. After equilibration, the tissue conductance (Gt) was 2.50 +/- 0.09 mS/cm(2), the potential difference of the apical membrane (PD(a)) was -47 +/- 2 mV, and the fractional resistance of the apical membrane (fRa) was 68 +/- 2% under short-circuit conditions. Hyperpolarization of the tissue (bloodside positive) depolarized PDa, decreased fRa, and increased Gt significantly. Clamping PDt at negative values caused converse effects on PDa and fRa. All changes were completely reversible. The determination of individual conductances revealed that the conductance of the apical membrane increased almost linearly with depolarization of PDa. The PD-dependent changes were significantly reduced by total replacement of Na. These observations support the assumption of a PD-dependent conductance in the apical membrane that permits enhanced apical uptake of Na even at depolarized PDa. This mechanism appears to be important for the regulation of osmotic pressure in forestomach fluid.
Sierra Leone : the role of the rapid results approach in decentralilzation and strengthening of local governance (2006)

Although Sierra Leone is endowed with rich natural resources, it is one of the poorest countries in the world. An eleven-year war over the period 1991-2002 destroyed the country's infrastructure and social fabric. The concentration of political power and public resources in the capital city Freetown, and the marginalization of the provinces were perceived as one of the root causes of the war. In 2004, Sierra Leone ranked bottom in the United Nations Human Development Indicators, and 70 percent of the population is said to be under the poverty line. To support the decentralization process, following the Local Council Election of May-June 2004, the councils were encouraged to adopt the Rapid Results Approach (RRA), which became an important driver in building a culture of performance, accountability and results. The initial efforts have also unleashed implementation capacity within the newly-created local councils that delivered measurable improvements in public services over a short period. The note further examines the first wave of rapid results initiatives, scaling-up, and devolution, and, stipulates that by adopting a structured process, based on a few principles designed to unleash capacity, and empower local teams, a favorable environment was created for achieving results in a short period.
Clinical manifestations of chronic atrophic gastritis. (2018)

Although the actual prevalence of chronic atrophic gastritis is unknown and it is probable that this entity goes largely underdiagnosed, patients in whom diagnosis is established usually present advanced stages of disease. Destruction of parietal cells, either autoimmune-driven or as a consequence of Helicobacter pylori infection, determines reduction or abolition of acid secretion. Hypo/achloridia causes an increase in serum gastrin levels, with an increased risk of the development of neuroendocrine tumors. Microcytic, hypochromic anemia frequently precedes the development of megaloblastic, vitamin B12-associated anemia. Moreover, vitamin B12 deficiency,may cause elevation of homocysteine, with an increase in the cardiovascular risk, and may be associated with neurological manifestations, mainly characterized by spinal cord demyelination and atrophy, with ensuing sensory-motor abnormalities. Gastrointestinal manifestations seem to be associated with non-acid reflux and tend to be non-specific.
Brot und Rosen zu DM-Preisen?: Frauenarbeit im wirtschaftlichen Umbruch (1990)

In dem Beitrag wird die Situation der erwerbstätigen Frauen nach dem politischen Umbruch in der DDR und nach dem Zusammenschluß der beiden deutschen Staaten untersucht. Dazu werden zunächst die Besonderheiten der Frauenbeschäftigung in der ehemaligen DDR aufgezeigt: die extrem hohe Frauenerwerbsquote, das besonders hohe Qualifikationsniveau, die Erweiterung des Berufsspektrums von Frauen. Es wird deutlich, daß in beiden deutschen Staaten nachhaltig in die Bildung investiert worden ist, wobei Bildungspolitik als Instrument der gesellschaftlichen Transformation bzw. Modernisierung genutzt wurde. Angesichts der Tatsache, daß die Bildungsabschlüsse von jungen Frauen und Männern inzwischen praktisch ausgeglichen sind, wird erläutert, daß die Frauenfrage heute keine Bildungsfrage mehr ist, daß Frauenpolitik zu einer Mütterpolitik geworden ist. Vor diesem Hintergrund werden die beschäftigungspolitischen Auswirkungen des ökonomischen Wandels zur Marktwirtschaft analysiert. Zwei negative Punkte werden herausgearbeitet: (1) weibliche Arbeitskräfte werden vor allem dort gebraucht, wo ein hoher Anpassungsbedarf besteht; (2) zu qualifizierten und sicheren Arbeitsplätzen haben fast nur Männer Zutritt. Vor diesem Hintergrund, so lautet die Schlußfolgerung aus der Analyse, muß Frauenpolitik nach der Vereinigung der beiden deutschen Staaten mehr sein als Arbeitsmarktpolitik. (ICA)
Polyamine alkaloids (2005)

Covering: 2000 to 2004
Sleep Deprivation and Activation of Morning Levels of Cellular and Genomic Markers of Inflammation (2006)

Sleep loss induces a functional alteration of the monocyte proinflammatory cytokine response. A modest amount of sleep loss also alters molecular processes that drive cellular immune activation and induce inflammatory cytokines; mapping the dynamics of sleep loss on molecular signaling pathways has implications for understanding the role of sleep in altering immune cell physiologic characteristics. Interventions that target sleep might constitute new strategies to constrain inflammation with effects on inflammatory disease risk.
Analysis of Security Issues in Electronic Payment Systems (2014)

The emergence of e-commerce has created new financial needs that in many cases cannot be effectively fulfilled by the traditional payment systems. Recognizing this, virtually all interested parties are exploring various types of electronic payment systems, issues surrounding electronic payment system and digital currency. Broadly, electronic payment systems can be classified into four categories: online electronic cash system, electronic cheque system, online credit card payment system, and smart cards based electronic payment system. Each payment system has its advantages and disadvantages for the customers and merchants. We highlight the analysis of the security levels in relationship with fraud vulnerability, and determine how this relationship affects or boosts the confidence of the users.
ChemInform Abstract: Peptides. From Research Tools to ′Soft′ Drugs? (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Publicly Available Topic Signatures for all WordNet Nominal Senses (2004)

Topic signatures are context vectors built for word senses and concepts. They can be automatically acquired from the web for any concept hierarchy using the &quot;monosemous relative&quot; method. Topic signatures have been shown to be useful in Word Sense Disambiguation, for modeling similarity between word senses, classifying new terms in hierarchies and also building hierarchical clusters of word senses for a given word. In this work we present a publicly available resource which comprises both automatically extracted examples for all WordNet 1.6 noun senses and topic signatures built based on those examples. We gathered around 700 sentences per each noun in WordNet. When the monosemous relatives are used to build a sense corpus for polysemous words, they comprise an average of around 3,500 sentences per word sense. The size of the topic signatures thus constructed is of around 4,500 words per word sense.
MetaH support for real-time multi-processor avionics (2002)

MetaH is a language for describing the software and hardware architecture of real-time fault-tolerant securely partitioned avionics systems. The MetaH toolset supports, among other things, real-time schedulability analysis and the automatic generation of "glue" code that implements real-time message passing and process dispatching for a class of multi-processor target architectures. We describe the development methodology and typical requirements that motivated the language and tools. We give an overview of the message and process scheduling methods used in the current toolset and briefly discuss research to extend this approach to larger-scale distributed systems such as fire control and air traffic control.
The Basic Experience of Seizing the Cultural Hegemony of the CPC in the Liberation War (2015)

The cultural hegemony is identified by the ideology of the ruling class, which is a theoretical model to get the political leadership through “mobile warfare” and “trench warfare”. In the Liberation War, according to the adjusted strategy, the Chinese Communist Party united with all those that can be united with to obtain people’s cultural and ideological identity. The CPC continued to strengthen its construction of the members and through theoretical study guiding the practice to increase the rallying power and combat capacity. It also through the combination of violent revolution and ideology identity, carried out the great practice of seizing the cultural hegemony, thus forming the base and valuable experience.