gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Activation of the double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-activated human protein kinase in vivo in the absence of its dsRNA binding domain. (1994)

The interferon-induced, dsRNA-activated human protein kinase (PKR) exerts antiviral and antiproliferative effects through inhibition of protein synthesis. Studies of structure-function relationships in PKR have shown that two dsRNA binding motifs are important for its autophosphorylation and activation by dsRNA in vitro. To correlate these findings with the activity of PKR in vivo, we examined the function of various PKR deletion mutants in cultured cells by using an inducible expression system. In a reporter gene assay, mutant forms of the kinase lacking amino acids 1-97 (delta 1-97) and 104-157 (delta 104-157), which are required for dsRNA binding in vitro, retained full activity in vivo. Deletion of amino acids 233-271 (delta 233-271), however, abolished the translational inhibitory activity of the kinase and prevented its phosphorylation. Moreover, cells infected with vaccinia virus recombinants expressing wild-type PKR, the mutant delta 104-157, delta 186-222), developed almost complete inhibition of both viral and cellular protein synthesis was upon induction of PKR. This inhibition of viral protein synthesis was not observed in cells infected with a recombinant expressing delta 233-271 mutant PKR. Our findings establish that the region encompassing amino acids 233-271 of PKR is critical for kinase activity in vivo, whereas its dsRNA binding domain is dispensable.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION PRODUCTS OF 1,2‐BIS(DIPHENYLPHOSPHINO)ETHANE WITH THE OCTABROMODIMOLYBDATE(II) ION (1985)

Abstract Die Reaktion des Titelkomplexions (I) mit dem Titeldiphosphin liefert abhängig von den Reaktionsbedingungen (Alkohol und Reaktionszeit) das α‐Dimere (II) oder sein β‐Isomeres (III) und den monomeren trans‐Komplex (IV).
Dermatologic and ocular diseases Fibronectin and fibrinogen contribute to the enhanced binding of Staphylococcus aureus to atopic skin (2001)

Background: Staphylococcus aureus colonizes the skin lesions of more than 90% of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). The mechanism for increased S aureus colonization in AD is unknown. However, the initial event in colonization requires adherence of S aureus to the skin. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the roles of various bacterial adhesins on S aureus binding to AD skin. Methods: In an attempt to delineate the mechanism behind this adherence process, an in vitro bacterial binding assay was developed to quantitate the adherence of various S aureus strains to AD, psoriatic, and normal skin sections. S aureus strains used in this study were obtained either from cultures of AD skin lesions or from genetically manipulated strains of S aureus that lacked specific microbial surface components recognizing adhesive matrix molecules (MSCRAMMs)—namely, fibronectin-binding protein (Fnbp), fibrinogen-binding protein (Clf), collagen-binding protein (Cna), and their parent strains. In addition, S aureus strains from patients with AD were pretreated with fibronectin or fibrinogen to block MSCRAMM receptors and interfere with binding. Results: Under all experimental conditions, binding of S aureus was localized primarily to the stratum corneum. Immunocytochemical staining of AD skin sections showed a redistribution of fibronectin to the cornified layer, an observation not seen in normal skin. S aureus binding to uninvolved AD skin was significantly greater than the binding to uninvolved psoriatic skin (P < .0001) and normal skin (P < .0005). The Fnbp-negative S aureus showed a significant reduction in binding to the AD skin (P < .0001) but not to the psoriatic and normal skin. In the AD skin, a significant reduction in the binding of S aureus was also observed in the Clf-negative strain (P < .0001) but not in the Cna-negative S aureus. Preincubation of S aureus with either fibronectin or fibrinogen also inhibited bacterial binding to AD skin (P < .0001). Conclusion: These data suggest that fibronectin and fibrinogen—but not collagen—play a major role in the enhanced binding of S aureus to the skin of patients with AD. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001;108:269-74.)
Gravitomagnetic Dipole Moment of Gravitational Unit Cells (2020)

It is proposed that gravitational meta-atom unit cells with gravitomagnetic moments could exhibit gravitomagnetic permeability, analogous to the magnetic permeability of materials comprised of atoms with magnetic moments. Recently, a gravitoelectromagnetic (GEM) framework was proposed to explore the possibility of a Veselago-inspired approach to gravitational metamaterials. The prospect of gravitational metamaterials motivates the consideration of candidate gravitational unit cells or gravitational meta-atoms. Although mass serves as a monopole source of a gravitoelectric field similar to positive charge, negative mass would be needed to create a gravitational analog of an electric dipole. However, moving mass is analogous to electric current, and can lead to a gravitomagnetic dipole moment analogous to magnetic dipole moments of magnetic materials and atoms. In this paper, GEM field approximations to general relativity are used to find the gravitomagnetic dipole moment of different rotating systems, ranging in scale from meters to astronomical size.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of 6‐Cycloheptene‐1,3,5‐triol Derivatives by Enzymatic Asymmetrization. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Computational Lightcurve Imaging (2012)

We consider lightcurve inversion, the reconstruction of an object given a single pixel measurement over a range of angles. We demonstrate an approach using nonlinear optimization, giving an example in two dimensions using Lambertian reflectance.
Control of Human Lice (Anoplura: Pediculidae) Infestations: Past and Present (1996)

Removing lice by hand or with a lice comb, and shaving the scalp and body, were some of the oldest methods of controlling human lice. Date flour was used in the 16th century B.C. for this purpose. Later, quicksilver, cresol, naphthalene, sulphur, mercury, and kerosene, alone or in combination with oil and vinegar, also were applied. Today, insecticides used for the treatment of head and body lice include organochlorines (DDT, lindane), organophosphates (malathion), carbamates (carbaryl), pyrethrins (pyrethrum), and pyrethroids (permethrin, phenothrin, and bioallethrin). Despite the introduction of these effective insecticides, the number of cases of lice infestation has increased worldwide since the mid-1960s, reaching hundreds of millions yearly. This is because most of the products in the market are either ineffective formulations, or they have lost their efficacy because of the development of resistant strains of lice. Cross-resistance of lice to different pyrethroids has been reported in Israel and several European countries. Mosaic treatment, rotation of the pediculicides, and combination of 2 insecticides within the same formulation, should be implemented to slow the development of resistance. Future efforts should be directed toward the development of pediculicides based on new chemicals. Biological control of lice in humans may be of scientific interest only. Education of the parents on the biology and control of head lice is important.
COMBINED TOTAL REPLACEMENT OF THE SUPRARENAL INFERIOR VENA CAVA WITH A POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE TUBE GRAFT AND HEPATIC VEIN RECONSTRUCTION FOR RENAL CELL CARCINOMA (2000)

No AccessJournal of UrologySOCIETY OF UROLOGIC ONCOLOGY: Case Reports1 Jun 2000COMBINED TOTAL REPLACEMENT OF THE SUPRARENAL INFERIOR VENA CAVA WITH A POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE TUBE GRAFT AND HEPATIC VEIN RECONSTRUCTION FOR RENAL CELL CARCINOMA TOMOAKI FUJIOKA, JUN SUGIMURA, MICHIHIKO HASEGAWA, SUSUMU TANJI, RYOUKO SASAKI, and KENJI KOMODA TOMOAKI FUJIOKATOMOAKI FUJIOKA More articles by this author , JUN SUGIMURAJUN SUGIMURA More articles by this author , MICHIHIKO HASEGAWAMICHIHIKO HASEGAWA More articles by this author , SUSUMU TANJISUSUMU TANJI More articles by this author , RYOUKO SASAKIRYOUKO SASAKI More articles by this author , and KENJI KOMODAKENJI KOMODA More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(05)67563-5AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "COMBINED TOTAL REPLACEMENT OF THE SUPRARENAL INFERIOR VENA CAVA WITH A POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE TUBE GRAFT AND HEPATIC VEIN RECONSTRUCTION FOR RENAL CELL CARCINOMA." The Journal of Urology, 163(6), pp. 1861–1862 References 1 : Renal cell carcinoma with vena caval extension: operative management. Recent Results Cancer Res1993; 126: 105. Google Scholar 2 : Long-term followup of patients with tumor thrombi from renal cell carcinoma and total replacement of the inferior vena cava using an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene tubular graft. J Urol1996; 155: 444. Link, Google Scholar 3 : Surgical management of renal cell carcinoma with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus. Ann Thorac Surg1997; 63: 1592. Google Scholar From the Department of Urology, and First and Third Divisions of Surgery, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Morioka, Japan© 2000 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 163Issue 6June 2000Page: 1861-1862 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2000 by American Urological Association, Inc.Keywordsthrombosishepatic veinscarcinoma, renal cellvena cava, inferiorkidneyMetricsAuthor Information TOMOAKI FUJIOKA More articles by this author JUN SUGIMURA More articles by this author MICHIHIKO HASEGAWA More articles by this author SUSUMU TANJI More articles by this author RYOUKO SASAKI More articles by this author KENJI KOMODA More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOCHEMICAL SYNTHESIS OF A 2,5‐DIOXABICYCLO(2,2,0)HEXANE (1974)

Abstract Die Umsetzung des Alkohols (I) mit Methylvinyläther (II) in Gegenwart von Quecksilber(II)‐acetat liefert den Vinyläther (III), dessen Belichtung in Pentan zu dem Dimethyldioxabicyclohexan (IV) und zu polymerem Material führt.
Nerve growth factor abrogates the tumorigenicity of human small cell lung cancer cell lines (1998)

Nerve growth factor (NGF) has antiproliferative and differentiating effects on adenomas of neuroendocrine origin. Cell lines derived from small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC), a very aggressive neuroendocrine tumor, express NGF receptors. The role of NGF in the control of proliferation and progression of this carcinoma, however, has never been investigated. Chronic exposure of NCI-N-592 and GLC8 SCLC cell lines to NGF remarkably inhibited their proliferation rate both in vitro and in vivo, prevented their anchorage-independent clonal growth in soft agar, impaired their invasive capacity in vitro, and abolished their tumorigenic potential in nude mice. The proliferative response of SCLC cell lines to nicotine was also remarkably impaired by in vitro NGF treatment. Furthermore, NGF treatment activates in SCLC cell lines the expression and secretion of NGF. NGF thus reverts SCLC cell lines to a noninvasive, nontumorigenic phenotype that does not respond to nicotine and produces NGF.
Dissecting Aneurysm After Aortic Valve Replacement (1974)

Dissecting aneurysm has been observed as a late complication of aortic valve replacement in three patients. The frequency of this potentially catastrophic problem is reviewed as well as the predisposing hemodynamic factors. The use of central flow valves in patients with cystic medial necrosis, elective ascending aortic replacement or reinforcement, and control of hypertension may help to prevent late dissection.
Chondrosarcoma of the Skull Base (1986)

Chondrosarcoma of the skull base is an uncommon neoplasm that comprises 0.15% of all intracranial tumors and 6% of skull base lesions. Compression of vital neurologic structures by tumor expansion as well as the histologic characteristics contribute to the malignant potential of these neoplasms. Tumor recurrence has been associated with incomplete resection in this traditionally surgically inaccessible region. This review of five cases of chondrosarcoma of the skull base examines the surgical approaches to resection in a chronologic fashion to emphasize that total gross resection of these lesions has become possible through the evolution of lateral skull base techniques. The difficulty in pathologic diagnosis and the efficacy of postoperative radiotherapy in enhancing survival are also addressed.
Magnetic and magnetothermal properties, and the magnetic phase diagram of single-crystal holmium along the easy magnetization direction (2015)

The magnetic and magnetothermal properties of holmium single crystal have been investigated from 4.2 to 300 K in magnetic fields up to 100 kOe using magnetization and heat capacity data measured along the easy magnetization direction, which is the crystallographic b-axis, i.e. [112¯0] direction. The magnetic phase diagram of Ho has been refined by examining data measured using a high purity single crystal.
Selectivity and Residual Damage of Colloidal Silica Chemi-Mechanical Polishing of Silicon Carbide (2006)

The selectivity, material removal rate, and the residual subsurface damage of colloidal silica (CS) chemi-mechanical polishing (CMP) of silicon carbide substrates was investigated using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and plan view transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Silica CMP, in most process conditions, was selective. In the damage region surrounding remnant scratches, the vertical material removal rate exceeded the planar material removal rate, which resulted in an enhancement of the scratches over the duration of the polishing process. The material removal rate was low, about 20 nm / hr. In addition, the selectivity leads to a slow removal of residual subsurface damage from mechanical polishing. The silica CMP polished surface exhibits significant subsurface damage observed by plan view TEM even after prolonged polishing of 16 hours.
Electron density changes in the nighttime <i>D</i> region due to heating by very‐low‐frequency transmitters (1994)

Modification of the nighttime D region electron density ( N e ) due to heating by very‐low‐frequency (VLF) transmitters is investigated theoretically using a four‐species model of the ion chemistry. The effects of a 100 kW, a 265 kW, and a 1000 kW VLF transmitter are calculated for three ambient N e profiles. Results indicate that N e is reduced by up to 26% at ∼80 km altitude over a 1000 kW transmitter.
Osteopontin, inflammation and myogenesis: influencing regeneration, fibrosis and size of skeletal muscle (2014)

Osteopontin is a multifunctional matricellular protein that is expressed by many cell types. Through cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions the molecule elicits a number of responses from a broad range of target cells via its interaction with integrins and the hyaluronan receptor CD44. In many tissues osteopontin has been found to be involved in important physiological and pathological processes, including tissue repair, inflammation and fibrosis. Post-natal skeletal muscle is a highly differentiated and specialised tissue that retains a remarkable capacity for regeneration following injury. Regeneration of skeletal muscle requires the co-ordinated activity of inflammatory cells that infiltrate injured muscle and are responsible for initiating muscle fibre degeneration and phagocytosis of necrotic tissue, and muscle precursor cells that regenerate the injured muscle fibres. This review focuses on the current evidence that osteopontin plays multiple roles in skeletal muscle, with particular emphasis on its role in regeneration and fibrosis following injury, and in determining the severity of myopathic diseases such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Who Wants to be a Scientist? (2002)

Scientific research is about discovering new things and applying them to improvements in life style for people and animals. But careers in science are now very demanding, requiring much more than a keen scientific mind and practical ability. If you are considering a career in research, have already embarked on your career and want to succeed, are uncertain which route to take, or advise, train or supervise scientists, this book should offer some helpful advice. It covers topics ranging from choosing a PhD or postdoctoral position, successful interviews and preparing your cv to managing your supervisor; how to give successful talks, publish high quality papers and get yourself known; and broad aspects of science which are so important today, including ethics and fraud, intellectual property and exploitation and disseminating science to the public.
-Adrenergic and Muscarinic Receptors of Parotid Gland following Maintenance of Rats on Liquid Diet (1987)

Parotid gland of adult rats maintained exclusively on liquid (milk) diet for 7 or 13 days showed a 25% reduction in number of beta-adrenoceptors, and after 21 days, the reduction was 33%; with maintenance of rats on Metrecal for 7 days, the decrease was 24% for female rats and 22% for male rats. The decrease in number of muscarinic receptors after 7 or 13 days on milk was 32%, and 38% after 21 days; the decreases for rats on Metrecal for 7 days were 32% for females and 35% for males. In rats maintained on liquid (milk) diet for 7 days, and then denervated by unilateral removal of the parasympathetic and sympathetic innervations to parotid there were decreases of 39-42% in number of beta-receptors and 50-52% in muscarinic receptors at 6 or 14 days after denervation (maintenance on liquid diet for 13 and 21 days, respectively) from those of innervated glands of chow-fed rats; denervated glands of rats on chow diet showed the same reduction. Thus, it was concluded that absence of neurally mediated glandular activity, imposed by either diet or surgical removal of the nerves, caused marked decreases in number of both beta-adrenergic and muscarinic receptors, but that the presence of the nerves, even though inactive (liquid diet), provided a trophic influence that prevented the more marked decreases seen in the absence (surgical removal) of the nerves.
Pickering emulsions stabilized by biodegradable solid particles bring dual controlled release of cosmetics active substances to skin (2012)

International audience
Preliminary studies on respiratory activity in speech (2001)

Work at Edinburgh University in the 1950s, summarized by Ladefoged [Three Area of Experimental Phonetics (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1967)] claimed that (1) the mean power for speech was provided by actions of the respiratory muscles. The external intercostals check the outgoing airflow when speaking with high lung volumes, and the internal intercostals, rectus abdominis, and other muscles become more active as lung volume decreases. (2) Stressed syllables are produced by increases of respiratory power above the mean, usually by further activity of the internal intercostals. Hixon and Weismer (1995) pointed out technical limitations of these early studies, but wrongly indicated that they were of little value. These studies have been replicated with modern methods to measure intramuscular EMG and airflow and pressure. The two subjects studied to date follow the pattern previously described. In addition the improved techniques indicate that speakers exercise further control by bringing in stabilizing antagonistic muscles. These results are consistent with the general hypothesis that the central nervous system is able to control subglottal pressure by using various combinations of passive elastic and active muscle forces, thereby achieving motor equivalence and acoustic invariance over a wide range of lung volumes.
Cardiovascular and Renal Action of Dopaminergic Prodrugs (1989)

The possibility of exploiting the cardiovascular and renal action of dopamine for therapeutic purposes is enhanced by its conversion into orally active prodrugs. Following an outline of the medicinal chemistry bases of the development of these prodrugs, laboratory and clinical pharmacology of ibopamine. levodopa. gludopa, and TA-870 are reviewed. pointing out the interesting indications of various preliminary studies in heart failure, essential hypertension, and renal failure on the one hand, and the extensive therapeutic experience with ibopamine as an “inodilator” in the chronic treatment of congestive heart failure on the other hand. New experimental results are also reported for ibopamine and for the novel prodrug Sim 2055, i.e., epinine-4-O-phosphate. The latter is shown to act as a selective renal vasodilator on oral administration in dogs and it is therefore proposed for clinical investigation in renal failure and in essential hypertension.
ChemInform Abstract: ORANGE BENZENE. NEUTRAL DICHROMATE OXIDATION IN ORGANIC SOLVENTS (1978)

Abstract In Gegenwart von Ammoniumchloriden (I), speziell dem "Adogen 464" der Ashland Chem.
Treatment of Febrile Granulocytopenic Cancer Patients Receiving Antineoplastic Therapy With a Combination of Carbenicillin, Cefazolin and Gentamycin (1984)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 May 1984Treatment of Febrile Granulocytopenic Cancer Patients Receiving Antineoplastic Therapy With a Combination of Carbenicillin, Cefazolin and Gentamycin J. Halpern, R. Catane, T. Sacks, and Z. Fuks J. HalpernJ. Halpern More articles by this author , R. CataneR. Catane More articles by this author , T. SacksT. Sacks More articles by this author , and Z. FuksZ. Fuks More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)50764-8AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Treatment of Febrile Granulocytopenic Cancer Patients Receiving Antineoplastic Therapy With a Combination of Carbenicillin, Cefazolin and Gentamycin." The Journal of Urology, 131(5), p. 1022 © 1984 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 131Issue 5May 1984Page: 1022 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1984 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information J. Halpern More articles by this author R. Catane More articles by this author T. Sacks More articles by this author Z. Fuks More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND MECHANISTIC ASPECTS OF THE SODIUM HYDRIDE PROMOTED ACYLATION OF METHYLATED HETEROAROMATICS (1974)

Abstract In Gegenwart von NaH werden die in a‐ und 7‐Stellung zum Heteroatom methylierten Heterocyclen (I) mit den Estern (II) zu den Ketonen (III) acyliert.
Reversible, Strain‐Controlled Haptotropic Shifts of Cyclopentadienyl Ligands in [1]‐ and [2]Metallocenophanes (2005)

Slipping rings: A reversible shift from η5-Cp to η1-Cp and back has been established for ring-strained metallocenophanes (see scheme) and the dependence of the reversibility on the degree of ring strain has been probed. The presence of phosphane ligands has allowed the isolation of novel η1-Cp ring-slipped Fe and Ru complexes.
ChemInform Abstract: Homogeneous Iron Complexes for the Conversion of Dinitrogen into Ammonia and Hydrazine (2010)

Abstract Review: 80 refs.