gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Time-Resolved Investigation of Nanosecond Crystal Growth in Rapid-Phase-Change Materials: Correlation with the Recording Speed of Digital Versatile Disc Media (2008)

The crystallization process in digital versatile disc (DVD) media was investigated using a time-resolved X-ray diffraction apparatus coupled with in situ photoreflectivity measurement. The time profiles of crystallization were found to be consistent with the changes in photoreflectivity. The phase changes were characterized by the start and end time; 90±1 and 273±1 ns for Ge2Sb2Te5, and 85±1 and 206±1 ns for Ag3.5In3.8Sb75.0Te17.7, respectively. The faster crystallization time in Ag3.5In3.8Sb75.0Te17.7 is ascribed to its characteristic crystallization process; its X-ray diffraction profile shows a significant sharpening during the crystallization process, whereas the peak width of Ge2Sb2Te5 remained unchanged. The present findings suggest that crystal growth control is another key for designing faster phase-change materials.
Isolation and some chemical properties of human factor VIII (antihemophilic factor). (1971)

Abstract Human factor VIII has been isolated in a highly purified form with the use of an extract of plasma cryoprecipitate as starting material. Successive adsorptions with aluminum hydroxide, fuller's earth, and Wyoming bentonite were followed by ammonium sulfate fractionation. Further separation was accomplished by differential polyethylene glycol precipitations. The final step utilized agarose-gel filtration and concentration of appropriate fractions. Preparations about 10,000 times purified may be obtained in quantities permitting validation of purity and chemical characterization. Factor VIII proves to be a compound protein containing about 76 per cent amino acids, 10 per cent carbohydrates, and 11 per cent of total lipids. The preparation is largely homogeneous by electrophoretic, ultracentrifugal, and immunochemical examination.
ChemInform Abstract: Simultaneous Thermogravimetry‐Mass Spectrometry for a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Interconnect, (La0.7Ca0.32)CrO3. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
THE EFFECTS OF DOPAMINE, BROMOCRIPTINE, LERGOTRILE AND METOCLOPRAMIDE ON PROLACTIN RELEASE FROM CONTINUOUSLY PERFUSED COLUMNS OF ISOLATED RAT PITUITARY CELLS (1979)

SUMMARY The control of secretion of prolactin was studied using continuous perfusion of a column of isolated rat pituitary cells supported by Bio‐Gel polyacrylamide beads. Prolactin secretion was inhibited repeatedly by dopamine and rapidly recovered in its absence. Maximum inhibition was achieved at 5 ± 10 7 M dopamine. Bromocriptine and lergotrile directly inhibited prolactin release from the pituitary cells. Bromocriptine had a longterm action in inhibiting secretion. The dopamine receptor blocking agent, metoclopramide, overcame the inhibitory effect of dopamine but had no effect on prolactin secretion in its absence.
State of the Art: Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation (2008)

Curative treatment of atrial fibrillation with catheter ablation is now a legitimate option for a large number of patients. In the last decade a tremendous amount has been discovered about this fascinating arrhythmia, yet there is still much that is understood. A number of different ablation strategies have been used including pulmonary vein isolation, targeting of fractionated electrograms, compartmentalising the atria with linear lesions and various combinations and modifications of these lesion sets. The optimal ablation strategy for both paroxysmal and long-lasting persistent atrial fibrillation is unknown. In this review the possible mechanisms underlying atrial fibrillation are examined along with the current catheter ablation techniques used in the treatment atrial fibrillation.
Simple Markov-chain algorithms for generating bipartite graphs and tournaments (Extended Abstract) (1997)

) Ravi Kannan Prasad Tetali y Santosh Vempala z Abstract We consider two problems: randomly generating labeled bipartite graphs with a given degree sequence and randomly generating labeled tournaments with a given score sequence. We analyze simple Markov chains for both problems. For the first problem, we cannot prove that our chain is rapidly mixing in general, but in the (near-) regular case, i.e. when all the degrees are (almost) equal, we give a proof of rapid mixing. Our methods also apply to the corresponding problem for general (nonbipartite) regular graphs which was studied earlier by several researchers. One significant difference in our approach is that our chain has one state for every graph (or bipartite graph) with the given degree sequence; in particular, there are no auxiliary states as in the chain used by Jerrum and Sinclair. For the problem of generating tournaments, we are able to prove that our Markov chain on tournaments is rapidly mixing, if the score seque...
Simulation of seismic waves at the earth's crust (brittle–ductile transition) based on the Burgers model (2014)

Abstract. The earth's crust presents two dissimilar rheological behaviors depending on the in situ stress-temperature conditions. The upper, cooler part is brittle, while deeper zones are ductile. Seismic waves may reveal the presence of the transition but a proper characterization is required. We first obtain a stress–strain relation, including the effects of shear seismic attenuation and ductility due to shear deformations and plastic flow. The anelastic behavior is based on the Burgers mechanical model to describe the effects of seismic attenuation and steady-state creep flow. The shear Lamé constant of the brittle and ductile media depends on the in situ stress and temperature through the shear viscosity, which is obtained by the Arrhenius equation and the octahedral stress criterion. The P and S wave velocities decrease as depth and temperature increase due to the geothermal gradient, an effect which is more pronounced for shear waves. We then obtain the P−S and SH equations of motion recast in the velocity-stress formulation, including memory variables to avoid the computation of time convolutions. The equations correspond to isotropic anelastic and inhomogeneous media and are solved by a direct grid method based on the Runge–Kutta time stepping technique and the Fourier pseudospectral method. The algorithm is tested with success against known analytical solutions for different shear viscosities. A realistic example illustrates the computation of surface and reverse-VSP synthetic seismograms in the presence of an abrupt brittle–ductile transition.
Safety systems for the BWR of the next century (1996)

Because of the long lead time needed to design and build an evolutionary type reactor and also based on the expected needs for additional light water nuclear power plants in the next century in Japan, GE, Hitachi and Toshiba jointly participated in a study called the ABWR Evolutionary Program (IER) to develop the next generation advanced boiling water reactor (ABWR). The work was conducted in two phases over the last four years, under the guidance of Tokyo Electric Power Co. and other Japanese BWR utilities. Regarding safety systems, their conceptual design has progressed from early innovative concepts, through the phase of feasibility studies, and on to the selection of the reference design concept. The basic premise of the safety system is to combine active and passive systems to cope with a severe accident as well as a design base accident in a way that they contribute to the plant cost reduction while maintaining satisfactory safety levels. This paper summarizes the conclusions of the Phase-2 study, leading to selection of the reference design. The paper also describes the major design changes from the current ABWR design and their impact upon design specifications, cost and performance.
Verifiable strategy synthesis for multiple autonomous agents: a scalable approach (2022)

Abstract Path planning and task scheduling are two challenging problems in the design of multiple autonomous agents. Both problems can be solved by the use of exhaustive search techniques such as model checking and algorithmic game theory. However, model checking suffers from the infamous state-space explosion problem that makes it inefficient at solving the problems when the number of agents is large, which is often the case in realistic scenarios. In this paper, we propose a new version of our novel approach called MCRL that integrates model checking and reinforcement learning to alleviate this scalability limitation. We apply this new technique to synthesize path planning and task scheduling strategies for multiple autonomous agents. Our method is capable of handling a larger number of agents if compared to what is feasibly handled by the model-checking technique alone. Additionally, MCRL also guarantees the correctness of the synthesis results via post-verification. The method is implemented in UPPAAL STRATEGO and leverages our tool MALTA for model generation, such that one can use the method with less effort of model construction and higher efficiency of learning than those of the original MCRL. We demonstrate the feasibility of our approach on an industrial case study: an autonomous quarry, and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the methods.
A gallery of bubbles - The nature of the bubbles observed by Spitzer and what ATLASGAL tells us about the surrounding neutral material (2010)

We attempt to determine the nature of the bubbles observed by Spitzer in the Galactic plane, mainly to establish if possible their association with massive stars. We take advantage of the very simple morphology of these objects to search for star formation triggered by HII regions, and to estimate the importance of this mode of star formation. We consider a sample of 102 bubbles detected by Spitzer-GLIMPSE, and catalogued by Churchwell et al.(2006). We use mid-infrared and radio-continuum public data to discuss their nature. We use the ATLASGAL survey at 870 micron to search for dense neutral material collected on their borders. Results: We find that 86% of the bubbles contain ionized gas detected by means of its radio-continuum emission at 20-cm. Thus, most of the bubbles observed at 8.0 micron enclose HII regions ionized by O-B2 stars. Ninety-eight percent of the bubbles exhibit 24 micron emission in their central regions. The ionized regions at the center of the 8.0 micron bubbles seem to be devoid of PAHs but contain hot dust. Among the 65 regions for which the angular resolution of the observations is high enough to resolve the spatial distribution of cold dust at 870 micron, we find that 40% are surrounded by cold dust, and that another 28% contain interacting condensations. The former are good candidates for the collect and collapse process, as they display an accumulation of dense material at their borders. The latter are good candidates for the compression of pre-existing condensations by the ionized gas. Eighteen bubbles exhibit associated ultracompact HII regions and/or methanol masers in the direction of dust condensations adjacent to their ionization fronts. Our results suggest that more than a quarter of the bubbles may have triggered the formation of massive objects.
Chain length and the cosolubility of n-paraffins in the solid state (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChain length and the cosolubility of n-paraffins in the solid stateDouglas L. DorsetCite this: Macromolecules 1990, 23, 2, 623–633Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00204a040https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00204a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views275Altmetric-Citations106LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Preparation of anatase, brookite and rutile at low temperature by non-hydrolytic sol–gel methods (1996)

Titania samples prepared by different non-hydrolytic sol–gel methods, mainly based on the etherolysis and alcoholysis of titanium tetrachloride, have been found to differ in both structure and texture. Thus, the reaction of diethyl ether with TiCl4 at 110 °C affords anatase, which begins to convert into rutile only around 1000 °C. The reaction of TiCl4 with ethanol leads to rutile as early as 110 °C, whereas the reaction of tert-butyl alcohol at 110 °C leads to the singular formation of brookite.
Limited proteolysis and viral replication (1980)

Conference Article| August 01 1980 Limited proteolysis and viral replication BRUCE D. KORANT; BRUCE D. KORANT 1Central Research and Development Department, E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Co., Wilmington, DE 19898, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar M. O. LIVELY; M. O. LIVELY * 2School of Chemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar J. C. POWERS J. C. POWERS 2School of Chemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1980) 8 (4): 417–419. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0080417 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation BRUCE D. KORANT, M. O. LIVELY, J. C. POWERS; Limited proteolysis and viral replication. Biochem Soc Trans 1 August 1980; 8 (4): 417–419. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0080417 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1980 Biochemical Society1980 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Neural Interactions at the Core of Phonological and Semantic Priming of Written Words (2011)

Word processing is often probed with experiments where a target word is primed by preceding semantically or phonologically related words. Behaviorally, priming results in faster reaction times, interpreted as increased efficiency of cognitive processing. At the neural level, priming reduces the level of neural activation, but the actual neural mechanisms that could account for the increased efficiency have remained unclear. We examined whether enhanced information transfer among functionally relevant brain areas could provide such a mechanism. Neural activity was tracked with magnetoencephalography while subjects read lists of semantically or phonologically related words. Increased priming resulted in reduced cortical activation. In contrast, coherence between brain regions was simultaneously enhanced. Furthermore, while the reduced level of activation was detected in the same area and time window (superior temporal cortex [STC] at 250-650 ms) for both phonological and semantic priming, the spatiospectral connectivity patterns appeared distinct for the 2 processes. Causal interactions further indicated a driving role for the left STC in phonological processing. Our results highlight coherence as a neural mechanism of priming and dissociate semantic and phonological processing via their distinct connectivity profiles.
Direct electrical junction formation of highly vertical aligned zinc oxide nanorods (2011)

A two dimensionally assembled monolayer of hexagonal convexo-convex β-cobalt hydroxide nanoplates as a self-disposable sacrificial epi-template leads to a highly vertical alignment of zinc oxide nanorods array having a good electrical contact with metal or semiconductor layer on a substrate in a hydrothermal process.
OCCURRENCE AND PROPERTIES OF CATECHOL‐<i>O</i>‐METHYL TRANSFERASE IN ADRENERGIC NEURONS (1971)

Abstract —A study has been made of the catechol‐ O ‐methyl transferase activity of some peripheral tissues after sympathetic denervation. A fall in catechol‐ O ‐methyl transferase activity was found in some organs, e.g. rat and rabbit vas deferens, cat nictitating membrane and rabbit submaxillary gland but not in mouse heart and spleen. It was found that suboptimal concentrations of S ‐adenosylmethionine did not reveal a significant difference between normal and denervated organs but at optimal concentrations a fall was seen in some organs. Catechol‐ O ‐methyl transferase activity was present in bovine splenic nerve and in adrenal medulla. It is suggested that the fall in enzyme activity after denervation indicates a neuronal cellular localization. A kinetic study of catechol‐ O ‐methyl transferase from normal and denervated rat vas deferens suggested that the neuronal and extraneuronal catechol‐ O ‐methyl transferase had different kinetic properties and an estimation of the kinetic constants of the neuronal enzyme was made.
Visualization of Niches of Colonization of<i>Firmicutes</i>with<i>Bacillus</i>spp. in the Rhizosphere, Rhizoplane, and Endorhiza of Grapevine Plants at Flowering Stage of Development by FISH Microscopy (2013)

Bacteria can colonize the rhizosphere, rhizoplane, and endosphere of various host plants. Niches of colonization of these microsymbionts should be, however, visualized to better understand the colonization processes. In a previous study, we visualized Firmicutes with Bacillus spp. in flowers of grapevine grown under field conditions. In this study, colonization of Firmicutes and Bacillus spp. in the rhizosphere/rhizoplane and endorhiza of grapevine plants at flowering stage of plant development under field conditions was determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization. The results revealed that Firmicutes can be localized on and inside the root system. As the bacterial taxa visualized in this study were previously reported as endophytic colonizers of plant reproductive organs such as flowers, berry, and/or seeds in grapevine, a discussion is provided about their potential pathway of colonization.
Calculations of parameters of BAW microwave composite resonators (2003)

This paper uses available models to calculate the main operating parameters of BAW microwave composite resonators. Although such resonators can be used as devices for characterization of the underlying substrate, they can be expected to reach comparatively good performances if the substrate is made from very low loss material, such as YAG driven into vibration by a thin layer of ZnO or AlN. Operating on very high overtone is then quite feasible and solves many technological issues related to the achievement of actually thin membranes. Also, earlier investigations have shown a surprisingly efficient energy trapping on such resonators. The paper presents first investigations about microwave composite resonators operating around 3 GHz, using existing analytical models and shortly discusses issues attached to a two-dimensional FEM. The authors conclude that this technique should evolve to fully develop its expected benefits and must still be substituted by analytical calculations to allow for accurate calculation of parameters in actual devices. Use of existing model for energy trapping analysis seems possible even for very high overtone numbers.
Development of anti-polysaccharide antibodies in asplenic children. (1986)

Splenectomized patients are highly susceptible to infections with capsulated bacteria and an impaired response to vaccination with bacterial polysaccharides has frequently been observed in these individuals. Based partly on experimental animal data, an important role for the spleen in the production of specific anti-carbohydrate antibodies, i.e. mostly IgG2 in normal adults, has been suggested. We therefore determined the immunoglobulin class and subclass pattern of serum antibodies from asplenic patients against protein and carbohydrate antigens. Normal levels of total serum IgM, IgG2 and specific IgM and IgG2 anti-polysaccharide antibodies were observed, suggesting only a minor role for the spleen in determining the antibody repertoire. The data imply that the impaired phagocytic capacity and/or the inability to mount a sufficiently rapid antibody response are the main factors underlying the increased susceptibility to bacterial infections noted in these patients.
Global routing of row-based integrated circuits (1990)

In this thesis, two new global routing algorithms and an improved simulated annealing algorithm for placement of row-based integrated circuits are described.
An implementation of the simulated annealing algorithm for row-based placement was first reported in 1984. Although its performance was encouraging, large computation times were needed. We therefore completely reexamined the implementation of the simulated annealing algorithm. In particular, we improved the new state selection procedure, the cost function, and developed a new acceptance rate profile. The new placement algorithm requires 15 to 75 times less CPU time, while achieving placements of equal or better quality.
The first global routing algorithm is for channeled row-based integrated circuits. The main features of the algorithm are interconnection length minimization using a new Steiner tree generation method, congestion evening at the coarse global routing level and at the detailed global routing level, and feed-through path alignment. In tests on 10 industrial circuits, the algorithm used an average of 27% fewer tracks and was 30 times faster than a previously reported global router. The second global routing algorithm is intended primarily for channelless circuits. The main features of the algorithm are a two-stage coarse global routing method, a maze routing procedure which removes overflows and reduces the congestion, vertical track assignment, and congestion evening at the detailed global routing level. The algorithm has been generalized to handle channeled row-based circuits. In tests on standard cell benchmark circuits, the algorithm produced layouts with at least 5% fewer routing tracks than the other algorithms. In tests on gate array benchmark circuits, the algorithm not only achieved uniform channel densities, but the maximum channel densities it produced are the lowest values that have ever been reported.