gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
THE NATURE OF FLOW RESTRICTION DURING EXERCISE HYPEREMIA IN PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE (1999)

1672 The purpose of our study was to examine the time course of exercise hyperemia in peripheral vascular disease (PVD). PVD is associated with arterial restriction and reduced vascular function. We predicted that PVD would be associated with a reduced and prolonged hyperemic response. We measured post-exercise blood flow in the popliteal arteries of 5 young (23-33 yrs), 4 older healthy persons (67-74 yrs), and 3 older subjects with mild-moderate PVD (71-77 yrs). The exercise consisted of 1 min toe raises. Prior to end of exercise a blood pressure cuff was inflated on the thigh to suprasystolic pressures. The cuff was released when the subject was in a supine position. Blood velocity in the popliteal artery was determined using duplex Doppler imaging. Reduced maximal velocity was observed in the old subjects with PVD. Young and healthy old subjects reached peak velocity immediately after cuff release with similar times to half return to resting velocity (young=44s, older=49s). PVD subjects reached peak velocities 48s after cuff release and had time to half return values of 132s. In PVD subjects flow increased an average of 44% between cuff release and peak velocity measurements. In summary, we found a reduced and prolonged hyperemic response in subjects with PVD. In addition, the time of peak velocity was delayed in PVD subjects compared to healthy subjects, which might be a result of the impaired vasodialating ability. Supported by NIH RR02305. The German Scholarship Foundation, and AUHS Institute on Aging
Fiber coiling during bladder molding of thermoplastic composites (1996)

Abstract An investigation is presented into fiber movement during the consolidation of cylindrical, filament‐wound preforms when pressure is applied internally (bladder molding). It is necessary to characterize the fiber movement to predict the final fiber orientation of successful parts as well as to predict which parts will not be successful. Unsuccessful parts have fibers that clump together in thick coils at the interior surface of a part, resulting in an uneven wall thickness and poor mechanical properties. Cylindrical preforms (∼7.5 cm in diameter) made from glass fiber (20 μm in diameter, ∼50 vol%) coated with polypropylene powder (powder‐coated towpregs) were filament‐wound in a range of angles, interweaving patterns, and diameters. Trellising, a mode of fiber movement in which the fibers rotate as if they are pinned at the interweaving points, occurs first as the preforms expand. If the preforms “trellis” as much as possible without reaching the mold wall, shearing between adjacent fibers must occur to complete the expansion. Coiling occurs when a large amount of shearing is necessary to provide the final expansion needed to bring the preform to the mold diameter. A dimensionless “coiling” number is presented that predicts coiling.
Potential reduction in 123I-MIBG whole body scan time in neuroblastoma patients (2013)

533 Objectives 123I-MIBG scans are important for diagnosing and staging neuroblastoma. Image quality can depend on patient cooperation, which is challenging for young patients. This pilot study explored if imaging time can be shortened without loss of diagnostic quality in patients undergoing 123I-MIBG whole body scans. Methods 123I-MIBG whole body scans were acquired with an e.cam camera, medium energy collimator, and scan speed of 8 cm/min. Scans of ten patients age 7-10 y with a known or suspected diagnosis of neuroblastoma and at least 450K counts were studied retrospectively. Mean scan time and anterior counts were 20 min and 672K, respectively. Using Binomial Subsampling to replicate reduced scan time, original 100% time images were processed to 50% time and 30% time. Enhanced Planar Processing (EPP, Siemens Medical Solutions USA) was applied to produce 50% + EPP and 30% + EPP studies. Two nuclear medicine physicians simultaneously rated each of the 50 studies using a 4-point scale (1 = excellent, 4 = poor) based on 4 categories: image quality/artifacts, lesion detection, noise, and image sharpness. These 4 categories were summed for an overall quality score. Data were analyzed using ANOVA with post-hoc analysis (Bonferroni) and Dunnet T-test with 100% time as the control. Results There were no significant differences in overall quality scores with 100% time (4.8 ±0.6), 50% time (5.4 ±0.8), and 50% + EPP (5.3 ±0.9) scans. Lesion detection was consistent in all three, while noise level was less with 50% + EPP (1.1 ±0.3) than with 100% (1.5 ±0.5) or 50% (1.9 ± 0.5). Compared to other times, 30% (6.9 ±1.1), even with EPP (6.8 ±1.0), showed less overall quality (p Conclusions These preliminary results suggest that 123I-MIBG whole body imaging time can be reduced by half (average 10 minutes, scan speed 16 cm/min) without compromising diagnostic quality. Reduced imaging time can improve workflow, patient cooperation, and family satisfaction. Research Support Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc
Automated retinal image matching by segmentation (1988)

Spectral characterization of retinal images is a complex task because of the superimposed blood vessels in the retinal photographs. We have developed a segmentation technique based on a combination of edge detection and optimal thresholding operations so that the blood vessel structure can be removed from the retinal texture. The blood vessel removal method includes edge detection, tracing, and replacement with gray levels closely approximating the behavior of the background. The edge detection uses the (unsigned) first derivative of the image. The tracing routine is controlled by a mouse and follows the crests of the first derivative to trace out a length of edge. When the blood vessels are outlined, a search pattern based on finding a dark feature of given width in a light background locates those pixel elements that are clearly blood vessels. When the blood vessels are removed, they are replaced by a close approximation of the background. After the end point grey levels are determined, the vessel is painted over with a linear replacement operation, matching the background at both sides of the vessel. Spectral characterization and matching of the retinal texture can then be performed for automated detection of textural changes.
The integrity of authorship (2010)

Submissions to peer-reviewed publications sometimes involve contributions that are financed by industry in ways that that could interfere with the objectivity of the submission. The authors of this commentary consider it essential that all submissions to peer-reviewed journals be accompanied by full acknowledgements of such contributions so as to insure that those involved in the editorial process as well as the readers of the final published version of an article are fully informed regarding any relationship that could influence objectivity. The authors examined the balance between industry support of a publication and the integrity of authorship.
Suppressing expression of a soluble acid invertase (<i>BoINV2</i>) in broccoli (<i>Brassica oleracea</i>) delays postharvest floret senescence and downregulates cysteine protease (<i>BoCP5</i>) transcription (2007)

We report on the production and selection of transgenic Brassica oleracea var. Italica lines with a downregulated soluble acid invertase ( BoINV2 ). Explants of broccoli (cv. Triathlon) were transformed with an antisense construct of BoINV2 under the control of an Asparagus officinalis ‐derived harvest‐induced promoter using Agrobacterium tumefaciens ‐mediated transformation. BoINV2 is upregulated in wild‐type broccoli floret tissue after harvest. Transgenic broccoli lines showed reduced BoINV2 mRNA accumulation immediately after harvest compared with wild‐type. Downregulation of BoINV2 had no significant impact on the expression of a second broccoli acid invertase gene ( BoINV1 ), but plants with downregulated BoINV2 also had lower expression of a senescence‐associated cysteine protease ( BoCP5 ) compared with wild‐type. The total soluble sugar levels in floret tissue of antisense BoINV2 lines were greater than wild‐type tissue after harvest (up to 1.5 times higher). Soluble protein content of wild‐type tissue decreased from 48 h after harvest with an increase in protease activity. In comparison, two antisense BoINV2 lines retained at‐harvest levels of soluble protein until 72 and 96 h after harvest and had lower postharvest endoprotease activity compared with wild‐type. Antisense BoINV2 lines also had a slower rate of floret sepal chlorosis after harvest compared with wild‐type.
Vaginal Delivery of Paclitaxel via Nanoparticles with Non‐Mucoadhesive Surfaces Suppresses Cervical Tumor Growth (2013)

Local delivery of chemotherapeutics in the cervicovaginal tract using nanoparticles may reduce adverse side effects associated with systemic chemotherapy, while improving outcomes for early-stage cervical cancer. It is hypothesized here that drug-loaded nanoparticles that rapidly penetrate cervicovaginal mucus (CVM) lining the female reproductive tract will more effectively deliver their payload to underlying diseased tissues in a uniform and sustained manner compared with nanoparticles that do not efficiently penetrate CVM. Paclitaxel-loaded nanoparticles are developed, composed entirely of polymers used in FDA-approved products, which rapidly penetrate human CVM and provide sustained drug release with minimal burst effect. A mouse model is further employed with aggressive cervical tumors established in the cervicovaginal tract to compare paclitaxel-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (conventional particles, or CP) and similar particles coated with Pluronic F127 (mucus-penetrating particles, or MPP). CP are mucoadhesive and, thus, aggregated in mucus, while MPP achieve more uniform distribution and close proximity to cervical tumors. Paclitaxel-MPP suppress tumor growth more effectively and prolong median survival of mice compared with unencapsulated paclitaxel or paclitaxel-CP. Histopathological studies demonstrate minimal toxicity to the cervicovaginal epithelia, suggesting paclitaxel-MPP may be safe for intravaginal use. These results demonstrate the in vivo advantages of polymer-based MPP for treatment of tumors localized to a mucosal surface.
Sintering temperature effect on electric transport properties and magnetoresistance of La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 (2016)

A compound of La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 (LCMO) is known as a famous colossal magnetoresistance material. Many studies have been carried in order to get more information about the electric and magnetic characteristic of the sample. The effect of two different sintering temperatures on manganite material La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 (LCMO) which prepared by solid state reaction, has been investigated in order to find the relations between the sintering temperature and the manganite’s electric transport properties. Characterization using X-Ray Diffractometer shows that the two samples have a single phase pattern. However, from the resistivity measurement both samples show a different value, but similar behavior. The resistivity reach maximum value in specific temperature Tp, before it decreases once again to its lowest value in low temperature region.
P‐207: New Retro‐Reflector Technology in Light Collecting Systems (2006)

Abstract A new retro reflective technique using a pseudo‐phase‐conjugation (PC) mirror, i.e. a corner cube mirror array (CMA) is proposed for light collecting systems to increase the brightness of the light source, thus, increase the light collection efficiency. Measurement data for Wavien dual paraboloid reflector system using a CMA retro‐reflector is presented. The CMA retro reflector is self‐aligned so works regardless of its shape and position. Therefore a cheaper light collection system with bigger manufacture tolerance is possible.
The potential of fusing computer vision and depth sensing for accurate distance estimation (2013)

Accurately inferring the distance between the user and the interface enables the design of a variety of proximity-aware user interfaces. This paper reports our work-in-progress on designing a toolkit called SpiderEyes that will enable systems to accurately estimate the distance between the user and the interface by fusing computer vision with depth sensing. Potential advantages of this approach include increased accuracy and the ability to reliably estimate the user's distance to the interface even when the user is far from the sensor (up to five metres). We evaluated the feasibility of this approach in a controlled experiment and found that it is likely to yield distance estimations with less than a 10 cm estimation error when users are between 50 cm and 5 metres away from the system.
Electrical stimulation promotes nerve cell differentiation on polypyrrole/poly (2-methoxy-5 aniline sulfonic acid) composites (2009)

Interstellar absorption lines of H I, C I, C ii, N I, N H, 0 1, Mg I, Mg H, Si H, Si iu, Si Iv, P ii, S I, SH, Sm, S Iv, Cl H, Ar I, Mn ii, and Fe ii have been identified in scans of one or more of the reddened stars Per, a Cam, N Ori, Oph, and Ara. A curve-of-growth analysis of abundances shows that the ratios of Mg, P, Cl, and Mn to hydrogen are less than in the Sun by factors of about 4 to 10. Several of the other elements also are depleted in some of the stars. Excited levels in the ground terms of C I, C Ir, N H, and Si H also are present. Subject headings: abundances - interstellar matter - spectra, ultraviolet - spectrophotometry
ChemInform Abstract: SOME MODIFICATIONS OF THE AGLYCONE LACTONE RING OF ERYTHROMYCIN A (1974)

Abstract Das durch Umsetzen von 8,9‐Anhydro‐erythromycin‐A‐6,9‐hemiacetal mit wäßrigem H 2 O 2 erhaltene N‐Oxid (I) wird katalytisch zu dem Derivat (II) reduziert, das ca. 6% der antibiotischen Wirkung von Erythromycin Aaufweist.
A STUDY ON NETWORK DESIGN BY HIER ARCHICAL STREET ALLOCATION (2011)

本研究は，階層構造を持つ街路の配置とその集合体である街路ネットワークの性能との関係を定量的に解析するとともに，個別街路および街路ネットワークの性能照査型の計画・設計方法について，今後の在り方を考察するものである．まず，正方格子ネットワークにおいて街路の配置と旅行距離，旅行時間に代表される街路ネットワーク性能との関係を明らかにし，その結果を5つの都市に適用し有用性を検証した．次にこの結果に基づきながら，街路設計手法について，特に交通需要を考慮すべき段階とそうでない段階を切り分けた性能照査型の考え方を示した．
Effective Hamiltonians for phonon-coupled and spatially confined systems (1986)

A systematic method is demonstrated for finding an effective Hamiltonian which eliminates phonon coordinates from explicit consideration. The method is applicable both to linear coupling and to nonconstant phonon frequency (quadratic coupling), and it generalizes an instanton approximation previously developed by Sethna.
Influence of the nature of the lanthanide element of Ln2CuO4 precursors on the catalytic activity obtained after activation in the CO + NO reaction (2004)

Three lanthanide cuprates Ln 2 CuO 4 (Ln = La, Pr and Nd) have been studied in the CO + NO reaction. Under reaction conditions, a reduction of the cuprate was observed, with formation of metallic copper, which constitutes the active species in the reaction. After stabilisation, the resulting activity is lower when La in La 2 CuO 4 is replaced by Pr or Nd. This decrease in activity has been related to a different reducibility of the cuprates, as shown by TPR under H 2 . When La is substituted by Pr or Nd, a higher temperature of formation of the copper active sites should induce the growth of bigger copper particles, which could be at the origin of the observed difference in activity. .
The cell proliferation-associated antigen of antibody Ki-67: a very large, ubiquitous nuclear protein with numerous repeated elements, representing a new kind of cell cycle-maintaining proteins. (1993)

The antigen defined by mAb Ki-67 is a human nuclear protein the expression of which is strictly associated with cell proliferation and which is widely used in routine pathology as a "proliferation marker" to measure the growth fraction of cells in human tumors. Ki-67 detects a double band with apparent molecular weights of 395 and 345 kD in immunoblots of proteins from proliferating cells. We cloned and sequenced the full length cDNA, identified two differentially spliced isoforms of mRNA with open reading frames of 9,768 and 8,688 bp encoding for this cell proliferation-associated protein with calculated molecular weights of 358,761 D and 319,508 D, respectively. New mAbs against a bacterially expressed part and a synthetic polypeptide deduced from the isolated cDNA react with the native Ki-67 antigen, thus providing a circle of evidence that we have cloned the authentic Ki-67 antigen cDNA. The central part of the Ki-67 antigen cDNA contains a large 6,845-bp exon with 16 tandemly repeated 366-bp elements, the "Ki-67 repeats", each including a highly conserved new motif of 66 bp, the "Ki-67 motif", which encodes for the epitope detected by Ki-67. Computer analysis of the nucleic acid and the deduced amino acid sequence of the Ki-67 antigen confirmed that the cDNA encodes for a nuclear and short-lived protein without any significant homology to known sequences. Ki-67 antigen-specific antisense oligonucleotides inhibit the proliferation of IM-9 cell line cells, indicating that the Ki-67 antigen may be an absolute requirement for maintaining cell proliferation. We conclude that the Ki-67 antigen defines a new category of cell cycle-associated nuclear nonhistone proteins.
What Role for Photonics in Xhaul Networks of 5G Systems? (2015)

This paper reviews key challenges in designing a transport network for 5G systems. Then it outlines how optics can contribute in solving some of them and which features the optical transport network shall be provided with.
Pt‐Doped TiO<sub>2</sub>Nanoparticles for Photocatalytic Degradation of Phenols in Wastewater (2013)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Experimental Results and Discussions Conclusions Acknowledgements
Biochemical basis for dominant mutations in the <i>Saccaromyces cerevisiae Msh6</i> gene (2006)

Errors that occur during DNA replication result in base‐base mismatches and small insertion/deletion mispairs that are usually corrected by the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system. Defects in this highly conserved system lead to increased mutation rates, and in humans, result in increased development of cancer. In Eukaryotic cells, two different heterodimeric complexes, called Msh2‐Msh6 and Msh2‐Msh3, recognize base‐base mispairs and insertion/deletion mispairs. A previous study described four dominant msh6 mutations that interfere with the function of both Msh2‐Msh6 and Msh2‐Msh3‐dependent MMR. Initial biochemical studies showed that all of the dominant mutant Msh2‐Msh6 complexes had altered ATPase activity and three of the dominant mutant complexes had reduced ATP‐induced dissociation off of mispaired bases. Here, a detailed biochemical analysis of these mutant Msh2‐Msh6 complexes further examined the ATP‐binding and ATP hydrolysis properties as well as examined the ability of these proteins to function in downstream MMR events, including the ability to form sliding clamps and interact with the Mlh1‐Pms1 complex. The results revealed two mechanisms for dominance. In the first, the mutant Msh2‐Msh6 complex can bind the mispaired base, but is defective for the ATP‐induced sliding clamp formation and assembly of ternary complexes with Mlh1‐Pms1, and occludes the mispaired base from functional Msh complexes. In the second, the mutant complex can bind the mispaired base, is defective for ATP‐induced sliding clamp formation, but retains the ability to interact with Mlh1‐Pms1. In this latter case, either the mispair base is occluded or Mlh1‐Pms1 is sequestered and not available to act in alternate MMR pathways. This work was supported by NIH Grants GM50006 and CA92584 (to RDK) and an ACS fellowship (to DJM).
Release of Naturally Derived Antimicrobial Agents from LDPE Films (2010)

The migration of the naturally derived antimicrobial (AM) agents, linalool, carvacrol, and thymol, from low-density polyethylene (LDPE) films containing ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer into the food simulants, isooctane and various ethanol/water mixtures, was studied with a view towards examining the applicability of a first-order kinetic approach as well as a diffusion model approach for describing these systems. The results suggest that the proposed models adequately describe the release of AM agents. The combination of kinetic and diffusion analyses can provide additional information about the release process using the same data set. The analyses suggest that the release of linalool from LDPE/EVA depends on the EVA content in the formulation and that an optimum level of EVA is required to minimize the rate of release. A modification of the existing "idealized diffusion" model is proposed that enables the model to be applied to systems that demonstrate a departure from linearity when subjected to conventional analysis. The applicability of the idealized diffusion model was compared with the "simulant-limited" model and the results suggest that the former model is appropriate for describing most real systems when the simulant (or foodstuff) is favored in the partitioning of the AM agent between the film and the simulant.
Evolving fuzzy neural networks for supervised/unsupervised online knowledge-based learning (2001)

This paper introduces evolving fuzzy neural networks (EFuNNs) as a means for the implementation of the evolving connectionist systems (ECOS) paradigm that is aimed at building online, adaptive intelligent systems that have both their structure and functionality evolving in time. EFuNNs evolve their structure and parameter values through incremental, hybrid supervised/unsupervised, online learning. They can accommodate new input data, including new features, new classes, etc., through local element tuning. New connections and new neurons are created during the operation of the system. EFuNNs can learn spatial-temporal sequences in an adaptive way through one pass learning and automatically adapt their parameter values as they operate. Fuzzy or crisp rules can be inserted and extracted at any time of the EFuNN operation. The characteristics of EFuNNs are illustrated on several case study data sets for time series prediction and spoken word classification. Their performance is compared with traditional connectionist methods and systems. The applicability of EFuNNs as general purpose online learning machines, what concerns systems that learn from large databases, life-long learning systems, and online adaptive systems in different areas of engineering are discussed.
Autonomic Nervous System Abnormalities and Asthma (1990)

Autonomic nervous system function has been studied both in vitro and in vivo using a variety of methodologies. In asthmatic patients, beta-adrenergic hyporesponsiveness and alpha-adrenergic and cholinergic hyperresponsiveness can be frequently demonstrated. These observations have provided support for the beta blockade theory of asthma, advanced in the late 1960s by Andor Szentivanyi's experiments involving sensitized rodents. However, in addition to asthma, aberrations in autonomic nervous system function have been noted in other individuals including cystic fibrosis patients and their parents, patients with emphysema and bronchitis, and in patients (allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis) who have demonstrable IgE antibody responses to a variety of antigens. Thus, although these defects are not specific for asthma, it is noteworthy that these conditions share many clinical features; the ultimate phenotypic expression of these abnormalities may depend on both genetic and environmental factors that have yet to be defined.