gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Degradation of Alzheimer's amyloid fibrils by microglia requires delivery of ClC-7 to lysosomes (2011)

Incomplete lysosomal acidification in microglia inhibits the degradation of fibrillar forms of Alzheimer's amyloid β peptide (fAβ). Here we show that in primary microglia a chloride transporter, ClC-7, is not delivered efficiently to lysosomes, causing incomplete lysosomal acidification. ClC-7 protein is synthesized by microglia but it is mistargeted and appears to be degraded by an endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation pathway. Activation of microglia with macrophage colony-stimulating factor induces trafficking of ClC-7 to lysosomes, leading to lysosomal acidification and increased fAβ degradation. ClC-7 associates with another protein, Ostm1, which plays an important role in its correct lysosomal targeting. Expression of both ClC-7 and Ostm1 is increased in activated microglia, which can account for the increased delivery of ClC-7 to lysosomes. Our findings suggest a novel mechanism of lysosomal pH regulation in activated microglia that is required for fAβ degradation.
Evaluating solvent extraction systems using metabolomics approaches (2014)

Metabolomics generated features were used as unbiased metrics to identify solvents that produce botanical extracts with the greatest chemical diversity.
A Novel Miniature Faraday Current Sensor Using a Bulk-optic-ring Sensing Element (2005)

To date, most current sensors based on the Faraday effect have been in the form of a coil with a large number of turns of low birefringence monomode fibre wound around a current-carrying conductor [1-3]. In the Faraday effect, the change in azimuth, ΦF, of a linear polarised state propagating in a dielectric material subject to a magnetic field H, is given by
Selectively targeting pain in the trigeminal system (2010)

We tested whether it is possible to selectively block pain signals in the orofacial area by delivering the permanently charged lidocaine derivative QX-314 into nociceptors via TPRV1 channels. We examined the effects of co-applied QX-314 and capsaicin on nociceptive, proprioceptive, and motor function in the rat trigeminal system. QX-314 alone failed to block voltage-gated sodium channel currents (I(Na)) and action potentials (APs) in trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons. However, co-application of QX-314 and capsaicin blocked I(Na) and APs in TRPV1-positive TG and dental nociceptive neurons, but not in TRPV1-negative TG neurons or in small neurons from TRPV1 knock-out mice. Immunohistochemistry revealed that TRPV1 is not expressed by trigeminal motor and trigeminal mesencephalic neurons. Capsaicin had no effect on rat trigeminal motor and proprioceptive mesencephalic neurons and therefore should not allow QX-314 to enter these cells. Co-application of QX-314 and capsaicin inhibited the jaw-opening reflex evoked by noxious electrical stimulation of the tooth pulp when applied to a sensory but not a motor nerve, and produced long-lasting analgesia in the orofacial area. These data show that selective block of pain signals can be achieved by co-application of QX-314 with TRPV1 agonists. This approach has potential utility in the trigeminal system for treating dental and facial pain.
All-optical packet processing and contention resolution using O-CDMA and optical bistability (2004)

The application of optical code division multiple access (O-CDMA) to the realm of all-optical packet switching is studied. O-CDMA encoded headers could be decoded by tuned delay lines and used to make routing decisions. By encoding only the header with O-CDMA codes, the bandwidth requirement on the O-CDMA encoder and decoder is lessened. Using the inherent threshold capability of bistable optical elements and wavelength routing, decoding of the packet headers and subsequent routing can be done all optically. Contention resolution is one of the challenges facing an all optical packet switching network. A scheme to reduce dropped packets due to collisions is presented by using optical bistability, four wave mixing and Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) based optical switch with a loop delay line. This scheme, however, is limited to resolving contention between fix-length packets in a synchronous network.
Video microscopy and micromechanics studies of one- and two-dimensional colloidal crystals (2005)

Colloidal suspension of monodispersed charged polystyrene microspheres provides an excellent experimental system for a study of condensed matter physics. Here we report a series of experiments using video microscopy to study the structure and dynamics of colloidal matter. In the first set of experiments, we give a clear demonstration of how thermal fluctuations destroy positional order in one dimension. The second set of experiments is related to the micromechanics of a colloidal solid.
Improvement in temperature tolerance of coaxial holographic data storage (2009)

We have shown that the signal loss induced by the media temperature change in the coaxial holographic recording can be compensated by tuning the magnification and the wavelength of the reading reference beam appropriately. This technique offers a significant improvement in the temperature tolerance of the coaxial holographic data storage.
Design and Validation of Inducible TurboCARs with Tunable Induction and Combinatorial Cytokine Signaling (2022)

Although cytokine support can enhance CAR T-cell function, coadministering cytokines or engineering CAR T cells to secrete cytokines can result in toxicities. To mitigate these safety risks, we engineered iTurboCAR T cells that coexpress a novel inducible Turbo (iTurbo) cytokine signaling domain. iTurbo domains consist of modular components that are customizable to a variety of activating inputs, as well as cytokine signaling outputs multiplexable for combinatorial signaling outcomes. Unlike most canonical cytokine receptors that are heterodimeric, iTurbo domains leverage a compact, homodimeric design that minimizes viral vector cargo. Using an iTurbo domain activated by the clinically validated dimerizer, AP1903, homodimeric iTurbo domains instigated signaling that mimicked the endogenous heterodimeric cytokine receptor. Different iTurbo domains programmed iTurboCAR T cells toward divergent phenotypes and resulted in improved antitumor efficacy. iTurbo domains, therefore, offer the flexibility for user-programmable signaling outputs, permitting control over cellular phenotype and function while minimizing viral cargo footprint.
Hyperparathyroidism and abnormal calcitriol metabolism in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. (1989)

Abnormalities of calcium metabolism and of its two principal regulating hormones, parathyroid hormone and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol), have been reported in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). Reports of abnormal calcitriol metabolism in the SHR by several groups have not provided measurements of tissue calcitriol receptors. Similarly, few data are available as to the parathyroid status of the SHR. In the present study, circulating calcitriol levels and intestinal and parathyroid gland calcitriol receptor status were determined in male SHR and in Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. Parathyroid status was investigated by determination of parathyroid gland mass together with tissue micromorphometry and by quantitative histology of bone as a measure of the biological action of parathyroid hormone. Circulating calcitriol levels were reduced in the 11-week-old SHR compared with the WKY rat (165 +/- 23 vs. 194 +/- 28 pmol/l, p less than 0.01, mean +/- SD). Calcitriol-free ratio was diminished and maximal specific binding capacity for calcitriol was increased in the SHR in parathyroid tissue (172 +/- 4.9 vs. 123 +/- 6.6 fmol/mg protein, p less than 0.01) and in intestinal mucosa with no change of receptor affinity. Plasma ionized calcium (1.29 +/- 0.05 vs. 1.45 +/- 0.35 mmol/l, p less than 0.05) and phosphate (1.5 +/- 0.26 vs. 2.4 +/- 0.03 mmol/l, p less than 0.05) were significantly lower in the SHR. Parathyroid gland mass was increased in the SHR (59 +/- 12 vs. 17 +/- 7 micrograms/100 g body wt, p less than 0.001) as a result of hyperplasia and not hypertrophy. Higher osteoclast numbers were observed in SHR bone (27.6 +/- 0.79 vs. 23.9 +/- 0.66 osteoclasts/mm2, p less than 0.01), suggesting increased parathyroid hormone activity. In summary, in the 11-week-old SHR we observed reduced circulating calcitriol levels together with increased tissue calcitriol receptor numbers, increased parathyroid gland mass, and histological evidence of hyperparathyroidism. It is possible that these abnormalities influence the development of hypertension in the SHR.
Mycobactins in the classification and identification of armadillo-derived mycobacteria (1985)

Seven strains of armadillo-derived mycobacteria (ADMs) were encouraged to produce the lipid-soluble siderophore mycobactin when grown under conditions of iron limitation. These compounds have recently been shown to be excellent chemotaxonomic markers for the mycobacteria being both species-specific and highly conserved. Characterization of the mycobactins was carried out by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Examination of the mycobactins isolated from the ADM strains showed them to be heterogeneous. Four strains synthesized mycobactins closely resembling those of the M. avium-intracellularescrofulaceum (MAIS) complex, whereas the remaining three strains formed mycobactins which differed in structure to those of any other mycobacterium previously examined.
Novel self-catalyzed GaAs nanowires with electrical contacts (2016)

Electrical contacting and transport measurements of single self-catalyzed GaAs nanowires grown by molecular beam epitaxy is presented. The nanowires are grown directly in silicon using a recently developed technique based on lithography-free Si/SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> patterns fabricated by a self-assembled method, which allows synthesis of highly uniform nanowires with controllable size and density.
Effect of Vibration on the Accuracy of a Vertical Reference Pendulum (1967)

The pendulum has been used from ancient times as a means of establishing a local vertical reference. One of the earliest accounts of the use of the pendulum as a plumb-bob comes from Thebes, Egypt, about 1,100 B.C. [l, p. 4811. As the years passed, the requirements for accuracy have increased until today the accuracy requirements for missile applications are such that second order effects may determine whether or not the pedulum may be used to establish a local vertical reference. 

Using the best techniques currently available, it is impossible to eliminate entirely the vibration transmitted through the supporting structure to the point of support of the pendulum. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of such residual vibration on the accuracy of a pendulum type vertical reference. It will be shown that if the vertical and horizontal components of acceleration of the point of support of the pendulum are correlated in time, then in general the mean position of the pendulum does not coincide with the local vertical axis. This zero-shift, or Auswanderungs-phenomenon, is not new, having received considerable attention in the German literature of the 1930's, notably by Klotter and his associates [2], [3] and Erdelyi [4]. More recently, problems of this type have been studied by Weidenhammer [5] and Conrad and Shellhorn [6]. Except for [6] the analysis was restricted to weak damping and the case of harmonic excitation, where both vertical and horizontal components of the acceleration of the point of support have the same frequency. In the present study the analysis will be for heavily damped systems acted upon by a class of bounded excitations having zero time average.
Determination of the In Vivo Selectivity of a New κ-Opioid Receptor Antagonist PET Tracer <sup>11</sup>C-LY2795050 in the Rhesus Monkey (2013)

The in vivo selectivity of (11)C-LY2795050 for KOR over MOR is 7.6. (11)C-LY2795050 has 4.7-fold-lower selectivity at KOR over MOR in vivo as compared with in vitro. Nevertheless, on the basis of our finding in vivo, 88% of the PET-observed specific binding of (11)C-LY2795050 under baseline conditions will be due to binding of the tracer at the KOR site in a region with similar prevalence of KOR and MOR. (11)C-LY2795050 is sufficiently selective for KOR over MOR in vivo to be considered an appropriate probe for studying the KOR with PET.
An Overview of the New Presto-CTH Coupling for Modeling Blast Effects on Structures. (2016)

Abstract not provided.
A General Energy Barrier Model for Switching of Exchange Spring Media in an External Field (2014)

In this paper, a general energy expression is developed for a cluster of multilayer exchange spring media grains. We expand the rotation of the magnetization vectors to second order in elements of an exponential unitary transformation. The first and second derivatives of the energy are determined and a damped optimization procedure is used to efficiently locate minima and transition states on the potential energy surface. In this method, the interaction of neighboring grains is taken into account and thus the effect of inter-granular exchange on the energy barrier is explicitly taken into consideration. Thus, cluster formation is seen as coherent switching of a group of grains and can be studied as a function of anisotropy and exchange distributions in the media. The lowest energy barrier for a grain or cluster is then used to construct a rate constant. We then determine rate constants for an ensemble of interacting grains from which M-H loops and magnetization decay are simulated as a function of an applied field. Both kinetic Monte Carlo and direct integration of the rate equations are used to study the kinetics of these systems. We find that thermal decay rates have better correlation with energy barriers than with nucleation fields.
Web-based Decision Support Tool for Timing Fungicide Applications in Strawberry (2009)

AE450, a 5-page illustrated fact sheet by Willingthon Pavan, Clyde W. Fraisse, and Natália A. Peres, describes a web-based tool for timing fungicide applications in strawberries that can reduce the number of sprays and cost of production, especially in years when the conditions for disease are not favorable. Includes references. Published by the UF Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, August 2009. AE450/AE450: The Strawberry Advisory System: A Web-Based Decision Support Tool for Timing Fungicide Applications in Strawberry (ufl.edu)
Development of a design curve for Particle Impact Dampers (2005)

Particle impact dampers (PIDs) are enclosures partially filled with particles of various sizes and materials. When attached to a vibrating structure, they add damping by dissipating energy through inelastic particle-enclosure collisions as well as through momentum transfer. The development of a design curve that can be used to predict the damping characteristics of particle impact dampers is presented here. A power measurement technique enabled time-efficient measurement of the damping properties of the PID. This technique enjoys several advantages over traditional loss-factor measurements, including the flexibility to analyze the behavior of the PID at any frequency or amplitude of the excitation, and the ability to estimate the damping contribution for any structure operating within the bounds of the design curve. Using the power measurement technique, a large number of experiments were conducted to determine the effects of vibration amplitude, excitation frequency, gap size, nominal particle diameter, and particle mass on the dissipated power and effective mass of the PID. The power data were then systematically collapsed into a pair of two-dimensional master design curves with non-dimensional quantities for the axes. The quantities are comprised of combinations of design parameters. For specific applications, a damping efficiency of the PID may be predicted from the design curves. A physical interpretation of the design curves is given. The performance of a PID on a structure verified the predictive capabilities.
ChemInform Abstract: A NOVEL AND REGIOSPECIFIC ROUTE TO 5‐ACYLURIDINES VIA AN AMIDE α‐ANION DERIVED FROM 5,6‐DIHYDROURIDINE (1983)

Abstract Aus dem Uridin‐Derivat (I) werden auf dem im Formelschema angegebenen Weg regio.selektiv die 5‐Acyluridine (V) hergestellt.
The novel anti-inflammatory agent lisofylline prevents autoimmune diabetic recurrence after islet transplantation1 (2004)

This study demonstrates that autoimmune diabetes recurrence after islet transplantation could be prevented by treatment with LSF. LSF and its analogues may have the potential to prevent islet autoimmune destruction in clinical transplantation.
3311 Study on analysis system of human behavior in advanced mobility under normal and disaster situations (2013)

As an effort to support the earthquake disaster reconstruction of the northeast (Tohoku) region, the "Next-generation Energies for Tohoku Recovery (NET) Project" was initiated in 2012. Under this project, Advanced Mobility Research Center (ITS Center), Institute of Industrial Science (IIS), The University of Tokyo and New Industry Creation Hatchery Center (NICHe), Tohoku University has collaborated to promote the research and development of a mobility integrated energy management system (EMS) that supports the sustainable development of a disaster resilience region. This study involves the survey studies of the mobility capability of disaster area residents (including the elderly) during normal and emergency conditions, and the formulation of basic human behavior models. In addition, a driving simulator is developed to reproduce and analyze the energy-mobility movement. In normal condition, the analysis of human factors is conducted with the energy management system. In emergency condition, the studies of information providing methods and evacuation methods are carried out.
Reliable and Low Latency Transmission in Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks (2011)

The major advantages with Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks (IWSNs) in process automation are cable cost reduction, enhanced flexibility and enabling new emerging applications such as wireless control. However, transmission over the wireless channel is prone to noise and interference which causes packets to be erroneous received at the receiver node. To improve the link reliability in lossy channels, error correcting codes are commonly used. In this paper we discuss the use of forward error correction (FEC) codes in IWSN in order not only to improve the link reliability but also to reduce the number of retransmissions in harsh industrial environments. We propose a FEC scheme suitable for MAC level protection where the packet is divided into groups and encoded using systematic FEC codes. We have implemented different FEC codes in a typical IWSN chip to evaluate memory consumption and to ensure that we are not violating the strict timing rules for acknowledgment. Our results show that some FEC codes are suitable to be implemented in a typical IWSN node while several fails due to large memory footprint or to long encoding and decoding time.
The Occurrence of Increased Intraperitoneal Volume Events in Automated Peritoneal Dialysis in the US: Role of Programming, Patient/User Actions and Ultrafiltration (2014)

IIPV events are more frequent in tidal and small fill volume therapies. The greatest potential for IIPV occurred when the total ultrafiltration was set too low for the patient's UF requirements during tidal therapy. Patient/user bypass of drains without reaching the target drain volume contributes significantly to IIPV events in non-tidal PD therapies. Poorly functioning PD catheters may be central to the cycler programming and patient/user actions that lead to IIPV.
Stress-corrosion cracking in pipelines (1996)

Stress-corrosion cracking is a complex phenomenon that has caused service and hydrostatic retest failures on gas and liquid pipelines. These external cracks have been found to occur under a limited range of conditions. The exact mechanisms that lead to stress-corrosion cracking and the field and operating conditions that affect cracking are the subjects of ongoing research. Thus, this article is a snapshot of the understanding of stress-corrosion cracking today. Battelle is leading an effort to develop a stronger understanding of cracking mechanisms and methods that can be used to control the cracking.
Comparative pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin administered intravenously to sheep and goats (1992)

The pharmacokinetic behavior of sodium amoxicillin was studied after intravenous administration to six sheep and five goats to determine if there are species differences in disposition. The plasma drug concentrations vs. time following intravenous administration of 10 mg/kg were best described by the biexponential equations Cp = 42.9e-0.077.t + 3.68e-0.0134.t for goats, and Cp = 53.5e-0.06.t + 1.69e-0.015.t for sheep. The terminal disposition half-lives for sheep and goats were 46.3 and 66.9 min respectively and were not significantly different. Amoxicillin clearance for sheep and goats were 10.1 and 11.4 ml/min.kg respectively. There were no significant differences between any of the pharmacokinetic parameters measured in sheep and goats.
[Sm(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>(TPTZ)(H<sub>2</sub>O)]·2H<sub>2</sub>O [TPTZ is 2,4,6-tris(2-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine] (2000)

The title compound, aqua­tris­(nitrato)[2,4,6-tris(2-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine]samarium dihydrate, [Sm(NO3)3­(C18H12N6)­(H2O)]·­2H2O, was prepared from Sm(NO3)3·6H2O and 2,4,6-tris(2-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine. The metal atom is ten-coordinate being bonded to the terdentate TPTZ ligand, three bidentate nitrates and a water mol­ecule.
Anisotropic properties of high-temperature polyimide thin films: Dielectric and thermal-expansion behaviors (1992)

Multilayer poly(p-phenylene biphenyltetracarboximide) (BPDA-PDA) polyimide films of 172 μm total thickness (11.4 μm per layer) were prepared from the poly(amic acid) precursor solution through repetition of a spin-coat/softbake/cure process. Wide-angle x-ray diffraction results indicate that the polyimide molecules in the multilayer films are highly ordered along the chain axes as well as in the lateral direction and furthermore are highly oriented in the film plane as observed in a single-layer film of 11.4 μm thickness. The multilayer films showed the same dynamic mechanical properties and glass transition behavior (Tg = 330 °C) as a single-layer film. For the multilayer films both the in-plane dielectric constant (ε′XY) and out-of-plane thermal-expansion coefficient (αZ) were measured using time-domain spectroscopy and conventional thermal mechanical analysis, respectively. The ε′XY at room temperature was 3.69 (±0.08) over a frequency range of 0.35–2.50 THz. A similar ε′XY is predicted at frequencies of ≤0.35 THz. In contrast to the ε′XY, a relatively lower out-of-plane dielectric constant (ε′Z) was observed: ε′Z = 2.96–3.03 (±0.02) at 1 MHz, depending on moisture content in the film. The dielectric loss ε″Z at 1 MHz was 0.011–0.014 (±0.001), depending on moisture content. The measured αZ was 74 ppm/°C over the temperature range of 25–150 °C, which was much higher than αXY = 2.6–5 ppm/°C. Consequently, large anisotropic ε′ and α have been observed in the in plane and out of plane of the thermally imidized BPDA-PDA films. The anisotropic ε′ and α were caused by high in-plane orientation of the polyimide molecules highly ordered along the chain axes in the films.
QLT0267, a small molecule inhibitor targeting integrin-linked kinase (ILK), and docetaxel can combine to produce synergistic interactions linked to enhanced cytotoxicity, reductions in P-AKT levels, altered F-actin architecture and improved treatment outcomes in an orthotopic breast cancer model (2009)

The findings indicate that the 267/Dt drug combination confers increased (synergistic) therapeutic efficacy towards human breast cancer cells that express low levels of Her2.