gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Treatment of tar sands tailings with fly ash (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTreatment of tar sands tailings with fly ashNarendra N. Bakhshi, Randal G. Gillies, and Pradeep KhareCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1975, 9, 4, 363–364Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es60102a013https://doi.org/10.1021/es60102a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views120Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
How to Study Pathologic Phenotypes of Knockout Mice (2003)

It has become increasingly clear that when one knocks out a gene it is almost always impossible to predict the resultant phenotype. One must be prepared to look at every organ at every stage of development, from earliest embryonic life to old age. With any luck the knockout (KO) mice will have an obvious phenotype, such as an absent tail. Often the KO mice will have no apparent phenotype or will sicken and die prenatally, right after birth, during the first days or weeks of life, or later in life. The phenotype is critical. Thus, if a mutant is found to have no corpus callosum, that discovery can be published even if no one has figured out why the pups die shortly after birth (1). On the other hand, no one is interested in a mutant that simply dies or that has no phenotype. A common occurence is to make or acquire a second KO and to breed it with the first KO mice to make a double mutant. Sometimes breeding the mutated gene onto another genetic background by repeated backcrossings (i.e., making a new congenic strain) brings out a phenotype, as many genes are now known to be or are suspected to be modified by other genes.
Effect of Normal Stiffness in Loading System on Wear of Carbon Steel—Part 2: Dynamic Normal Load and Effective Sliding Distance (1986)

In order to explain the effect of normal stiffness in the loading system on wear, the mean dynamic normal load and the effective sliding distance were determined from the record of dynamic normal load. The mean dynamic normal load was approximately constant at normal stiffnesses smaller than 10 N/mm and increased markedly at normal stiffnesses larger than 103 N/mm. The effective sliding distance was approximately equal to the apparent sliding distance at normal stiffnesses smaller than 10 N/mm and decreased markedly at normal stiffnesses larger than 103 N/mm. The effective wear rate was newly defined in terms of the effective sliding distance. The change of effective wear rate with the change of sliding velocity was linearly correlated to the change of mean dynamic normal load under each normal load and normal stiffness.
Oral processing of heterogeneous foods : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Food Science at Massey University, New Zealand (2011)

Food manufacturers could potentially benefit from foods designed to influence\nmastication and the breakdown of food into a bolus. Mastication and the properties of\nthe food bolus have been linked to the sensory and nutritional properties of foods. This\nresearch aimed to investigate the mastication and particle size distribution of the food\nbolus of heterogeneous food systems, where one food component is combined with\nanother, with a view to indentifying parameters that influence mastication and the food\nbolus. A range of matrices of contrasting physical properties, which were embedded\nwith peanut pieces of contrasting physical properties, were investigated.\nTrials involved serving these heterogeneous foods to subjects standardized by volume\n(concluded as the most suitable serving method following an investigation of natural\nbite size). Subjects were asked to chew and expectorate the bolus (where the number of\nchews and chewing time were recorded) before the matrix of the expectorated bolus was\nwashed away to isolate the peanut particles, and the peanut particle size distributions\ndetermined using image analysis. A Rosin-Rammler function was fitted to the\ncumulative distribution data of each bolus to derive peanut particle size parameters (d50\nand broadness (b)).\nResults demonstrated that in heterogeneous food systems the presence of one food\ncomponent (the matrices) can alter the breakdown of another food component (the\npeanuts) embedded inside that matrix. The properties of the matrix influenced\nmastication, the rate of peanut particle size reduction, and the spread of the distribution\nof peanut particle size inside the matrix, but did not influence the d50 of the peanut\nparticle size distribution inside the bolus. Peanut properties did not influence\nmastication, but influenced the d50 of the peanut particle size distribution, the rate of\nparticle size reduction, and the retention of peanuts in the bolus. It is postulated that the\nproperties of the matrices largely influence the probability teeth contact peanut particles\n(known as the selection function), and the properties of the peanuts largely influence\nparticle fracture per chew (known as the breakage function).
A compact self-packaged patch antenna folded in rectangular waveguide shape (2011)

A self-packaged antenna obtained by folding a normal patch antenna into rectangular waveguide shape has been recently reported by the authors. In this work, by applying electric vias at the edge of the folded patch as well as inductive dents on the edge, the folded antenna dimension is greatly reduced. At the same radiation frequency of 2.4GHz, the vertical length of the newly proposed antenna is reduced from 40mm to 19mm which is 52.5% size reduction. The cross section area is 20mm × 20mm. Since this architecture allows PCB layout or other electronics inside the cavity of the folded antenna, it is considered a self-packaged structure. If designed carefully, this antenna may take zero footprint and offers electromagnetic interference shielding to the PCB enclosed in its cavity. Meanwhile, this antenna does not require additional impedance matching circuits, which makes it very useful for compact devices. A quasi-omni-directional radiation pattern is obtained. Theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, fabrication and measurement are performed. Good agreement is observed between simulation and measurement data.
Interpretable Multi-task Learning for Product Quality Prediction with Attention Mechanism (2019)

In this paper, we investigate the problem of mining multivariate time series data generated from sensors mounted on manufacturing stations for early product quality prediction. In addition to accurate quality prediction, another crucial requirement for industrial production scenarios is model interpretability, i.e., to understand the significance of an individual time series with respect to the final quality. Aiming at the goals, this paper proposes a multi-task learning model with an encoder-decoder architecture augmented by the matrix factorization technique and the attention mechanism. Our model design brings two major advantages. First, by jointly considering the input multivariate time series reconstruction task and the quality prediction in a multi-task learning model, the performance of the quality prediction task is boosted. Second, by incorporating the matrix factorization technique, we enable the proposed model to pay/learn attentions on the component of the multivariate time series rather than on the time axis. With the attention on components, the correlation between a sensor reading and a final quality measure can be quantized to improve the model interpretability. Comprehensive performance evaluation on real data sets is conducted. The experimental results validate that strengths of the proposed model on quality prediction and model interpretability.
The workspace manager (1993)

This paper describes the Workspace Manager (WSM), a tool that helps to support and add discipline to APL system development and maintenance efforts.The WSM acts as a repository of APL objects (variables, functions, and operators). Programmers use WSM tools to find where objects are used, edit objects, save changed objects, and request that objects be installed into (or erased from) production workspaces.Periodically, the WSM installs new releases of production workspaces by merging new and changed objects into existing workspaces.Audit trails are maintained for all of these activities, making it possible to review the change history of an object, compare different versions of an object, compare different releases of a workspace, revert to an old release of a workspace, and so on.
The wireless networking starter kit (2002)

From the Publisher:
Once authors Adam C. Engst and Glenn Fleishman discovered that the freedom of a wireless network meant they could access the Internet from bed, the living room, the coffee house down the street, most major airports, and even some city parks, there was no going back to the days of clumsy wired networks. Now they're here to share their knowledge in the new book The Wireless Networking Starter Kit Whether you're a Mac or PC user, if you're ready to embrace the freedom of wireless, this is the place to start. In these pages you'll learn first about the underpinnings of wireless technology and network basics before getting down to the real business at hand: setting up, configuring, and maintaining a wireless network. Step-by-step instructions delivered in easily digestible chunks make it easy to get your own network humming. Along the way you'll learn about security, sharing Internet connections among multiple computers, bridging two Ethernet networks, and more. And if you do run into trouble, there's a handy troubleshooting guide to answer your questions. If you have a couple of computers and the desire to connect them, you'll find everything you need to do so here.
Chemical Analysis and Risk Assessment of Diethyl Phthalate in Alcoholic Beverages with Special Regard to Unrecorded Alcohol (2009)

The consumption of the phthalate-positive unrecorded alcohols would exceed tolerable daily intakes as derived from animal experiments. Both positive samples were labelled as cosmetic alcohol, but had clearly been offered for human consumption. DEP seems to be unsuitable as a denaturing agent as it has no effect on the organoleptic properties of ethanol. In light of our results that DEP might be consumed by humans in unrecorded alcohols, the prohibition of its use as a denaturing agent should be considered.
In vitro Cultures of Cyclopia Plants (Honeybush) as a Source of Bioactive Xanthones and Flavanones (2009)

In vitro shoot and callus cultures of the endemic South-African shrubs: Cyclopia intermedia E. Mey., Cyclopia subternata Vogel, and Cyclopia genistoides (L.) Vent. (Fabaceae) were established and examined for the presence of polyphenolic compounds. The xanthones mangiferin and isomangiferin, as well as the flavanones hesperidin and eriocitrin were identified by LC-ESI-MS and LC-DAD, and analyzed quantitatively by HPLC. The respective intact plants were analyzed for comparison. From all in vitro cultures, the highest levels of mangiferin (1.55%) and isomangiferin (0.56%) were recorded in C. subternata microshoots, compared to 1.31% and 0.49% found in the intact plant. Callus cultures of all species synthesized only trace amounts of mangiferin and isomangiferin. Hesperidin and eriocitrin contents were significanly lower in all in vitro cultures, in comparison to the respective intact plants. Among the obtained in vitro biomasses, the highest hesperidin content was recorded in C. intermedia (0.9%) and C. subternata (0.87%) microshoots, whereas C. subternata callus was characterized by the best growth parameters and highest hesperidin content (0.69%) from all examined Cyclopia calli.
Value of charcoal media for recovering staphylococci incorporated in mupirocin ointment. (1987)

The use of charcoal blood agar supported a good recovery of staphylococci incorporated in Mupirocin ointment in a test in vitro system. The efficacy of this medium was particularly emphasised in the recovery of staphylococci damaged by six hours' exposure to Mupirocin. The media will be of value in following the progress of staphylococcal carriage or infection in patients or carriers being treated with topical Mupirocin.
STUDIES ON GUINEA PIG OOCYTES (1964)

Oocytes in primordial and primary follicles of young adult guinea pig ovaries fixed in osmium tetroxide and embedded in Epon 812, have been observed by electron microscopy. The gradual differentiation of a series of cytoplasmic organelles has been correlated with the growth in size of the oocyte and the development of the follicular wall. The most immature primordial oocyte is morphologically a simple cell consisting of a large slightly eccentric nucleus, a few large spherical mitochondria, a profusion of granular cytoplasmic vesicles, and free RNP particles. At the primary follicle stage, abundant endoplasmic reticulum, clusters of mitochondria proliferating around a rosette formation, multiple Golgi complexes, vesicular aggregates forming cortical granules, and a profusion of microvilli have been differentiated. Concentrations of cytoplasmic organelles at the periphery of the oocyte in the primary follicle suggest that it is equipped for the absorption, utilization, and intracellular transport of material delivered to its surface membrane. The juxtaposition of components of the ultrastructure during the development and growth of this large cell appears to follow a precise pattern and provides an unusual opportunity to study the interrelationships of differentiating organelles.
Value of Computed Tomographic Scanning in Patients With Growth Hormone Deficiency (1986)

In 18 of a series of 23 patients with growth hormone deficiency, computed tomographic scanning demonstrated a markedly small sellar volume. In four of the remaining five patients, the sella was enlarged. The cause of the enlargement was readily identifiable. Computed tomographic scanning of the sella appears to provide valuable supportive evidence of hypopituitarism.
Mechanical Properties of NiTiNb Shape Memory Alloy Subjected to a Harsh Corrosive Environment (2016)

Research on the application of shape memory alloys (SMAs) in prestressing concrete structures has shown promising results over the last few years. Nickel-titanium-niobium (NiTiNb) has emerged as one of the SMAs that exhibit promise in prestressing applications. Despite the efforts to understand the mechanical behavior of NiTiNb, however, its corrosion resistance is yet to be understood. The main objective of this study was to investigate the influence that harsh corrosive conditions pertinent to civil structures might have on the mechanical behavior of prestressed NiTiNb SMAs. The study used an accelerated-aging test protocol to simulate actual field conditions by subjecting NiTiNb specimens to wet-dry cycles in NaCl solution. The behavior of as-manufactured SMA specimens was compared with that of specimens subjected to surface treatment. Carbon steel specimens were also tested for comparison. The state of corrosion and its impact on NiTiNb were evaluated using five different testing/evaluation methods: electrochemical testing, recovery stress testing, uniaxial tensile testing, scanning electron microscopic (SEM) imaging, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Test results indicate that NiTiNb SMA exhibits significantly better durability and corrosion resistance compared with carbon steel and can maintain its functionality under harsh chemical exposure.
Evaluation of the antiedematogenic activity of artemetin isolated from Cordia curassavica DC (2002)

The species Cordia curassavica (Boraginaceae), known popularly as "erva baleeira", is used in folk medicine for the treatment of several inflammatory processes and as a healing agent. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the antiedematogenic activity of crude dichloromethane extracts of Cordia curassavica and of the artemetin-enriched fraction. The crude extract and artemetin fraction were tested in the model of carrageenin-induced paw edema in male Swiss mice (25-30 g). The crude dichloromethane extract (300 and 1000 mg/kg, po, N = 6) showed significant antiedematogenic activity, reducing the edema by 42, 57 and 45% and 46, 62 and 69%, 3, 4 and 5 h after carrageenin administration, respectively. Indomethacin (10 mg/kg, po, N = 6) reduced the edema by 45 and 48%, after 4 and 5 h, but the artemetin-enriched fraction (30, 100 and 300 mg/kg, po, N = 6) had no activity. The dichloromethane extract (300 and 1000 mg/kg, po, N = 6) also showed antinociceptive activity by reducing acetic acid-induced writhing in mice from 37.1 +/- 2.28 (control) to 17.3 +/- 1.34 and 13.2 +/- 1.44, respectively, but had no activity in the hot-plate test.
Robust data hiding in MPEG-2 video against transcoding (2004)

Embedding watermark in compressed video is a challenging problem, and moreover transcoding the watermarked video due to bandwidth requirement makes the watermark more difficult to survive. As we know, transcoding sometimes involves numerical process as well as geometrical process, such as aspect ratio changing. In this paper, synthetical techniques including redundant embedding and scene-based embedding are presented to increase the watermark robustness against video transcoding, especially heterogeneous transcoding. Experimental results show that the proposed strategies are perfect in solving the attack.
Improvement of concurrency control within object-oriented database systems (2002)

The issue of concurrency control in object-oriented database systems is addressed. Two existing concurrency control methods, the optimistic approach and the granularity locking approach, are investigated. The determination of a fine transaction boundary is ignored in the optimistic approach, and the defined boundary is usually too large in the granularity locking approach. A solution, based on the role of attributes in an object-oriented database (OODB), is proposed to eliminate these shortcomings. The solution ensures that only the necessary units are concerned and that the transaction boundary is narrowed to the smallest extent.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Mediation analysis allowing for exposure–mediator interactions and causal interpretation: Theoretical assumptions and implementation with SAS and SPSS macros. (2013)

Mediation analysis is a useful and widely employed approach to studies in the field of psychology and in the social and biomedical sciences. The contributions of this article are several-fold. First we seek to bring the developments in mediation analysis for nonlinear models within the counterfactual framework to the psychology audience in an accessible format and compare the sorts of inferences about mediation that are possible in the presence of exposure-mediator interaction when using a counterfactual versus the standard statistical approach. Second, the work by VanderWeele and Vansteelandt (2009, 2010) is extended here to allow for dichotomous mediators and count outcomes. Third, we provide SAS and SPSS macros to implement all of these mediation analysis techniques automatically, and we compare the types of inferences about mediation that are allowed by a variety of software macros.
Cutting Edge: Cell-Extrinsic Immune Regulation by CTLA-4 Expressed on Conventional T Cells (2012)

The CTLA-4 pathway is a key regulator of T cell activation and a critical failsafe against autoimmunity. Although early models postulated that CTLA-4 transduced a negative signal, in vivo evidence suggests that CTLA-4 functions in a cell-extrinsic manner. That multiple cell-intrinsic mechanisms have been attributed to CTLA-4, yet its function in vivo appears to be cell-extrinsic, has been an ongoing paradox in the field. Although CTLA-4 expressed on conventional T cells (Tconv) can mediate inhibitory function, it is unclear why this fails to manifest as an intrinsic effect. In this study, we show that Tconv-expressed CTLA-4 can function in a cell-extrinsic manner in vivo. CTLA-4(+/+) T cells, from DO11/rag(-/-) mice that lack regulatory T cells, were able to regulate the response of CTLA-4(-/-) T cells in cotransfer experiments. This observation provides a potential resolution to the above paradox and suggests CTLA-4 function on both Tconv and regulatory T cells can be achieved through cell-extrinsic mechanisms.
Digital television networks (1982)

The paper reviews the analogue networks provided by British Telecom (BT) in the UK for the broadcasting authorities, and outlines the application of digital techniques to telecommunications and television. The digital transmission systems on optical fibre cables, microwave radio and coaxial cables being used by BT to provide high-capacity links at different hierarchical bit rates for the modernisation of the BT telecommunications network are described. The requirements for digital television are outlined with reference to the discussions at CCITT/CCIR/CMTT on international digital standardisation. Particular emphasis is given to the use and properties of high-bit-rate transmission links and performance test methods. The economics of television networks are discussed, together with their likely influence on future network trends.
Development of a quantitative <i>in vitro</i> transformation assay for kidney epithelial cells (1992)

A quantitative in vitro transformation assay has been developed for the first time using primary rat kidney epithelial (RKE) cells. RKE cells were grown in a 50:50 mixture of 3T3 conditioned medium and DF8 medium composed of Ham's F-12/DMEM supplemented with ferrous sulfate, vasopressin, transferrin, sodium selenite and 10% fetal bovine serum. Colony forming efficiency of cells plated in this medium was high, ranging from 2.4 to 16%. Normal RKE cells treated with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) became transformed to a preneoplastic state of enhanced in vitro growth potential and formed large colonies of morphologically altered cells, whereas RKE cells treated with vehicle alone ceased proliferating and/or sloughed off the dish within 4-6 weeks. Relative survival and percent transformation frequency (Tf) of RKE cells exposed to MNNG were inversely proportional and both were dose dependent. MNNG concentration of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 micrograms/ml resulted in transformation frequencies of 0.13, 0.37 and 1.1% respectively (n = 4). Morphologically transformed colonies gave rise to cell lines with indefinite growth capacity and neoplastic potential. One of six transformed RKE cell (TRKE) lines injected into nude mice produced adenocarcinomas. This assay represents the first in vitro model for studying mechanisms of chemical transformation of normal kidney epithelial cells and may also be useful as a screen for identifying potential renal carcinogens.