gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Iron Availability Modulates the Response of Endosymbiotic Dinoflagellates to Heat Stress (2020)

Warming and nutrient limitation are stressors known to weaken the health of microalgae. In situations of stress, access to energy reserves can minimize physiological damage. Because of its widespread requirements in biochemical processes, iron is an important trace metal, especially for photosynthetic organisms. Lowered iron availability in oceans experiencing rising temperatures may contribute to the thermal sensitivity of reef-building corals, which rely on mutualisms with dinoflagellates to survive. To test the influence of iron concentration on thermal sensitivity, the physiological responses of cultured symbiotic dinoflagellates (genus Breviolum; family Symbiodiniaceae) were evaluated when exposed to increasing temperatures (26 to 30°C) and iron concentrations ranging from replete (500 pM Fe') to limiting (50 pM Fe') under a diurnal light cycle with saturating radiance. Declines in photosynthetic efficiency at elevated temperatures indicated sensitivity to heat stress. Furthermore, five times the amount of iron was needed to reach exponential growth during heat stress (50 pM Fe' at 26-28°C vs. 250 pM Fe' at 30°C). In treatments where exponential growth was reached, Breviolum psygmophilum grew faster than B.minutum, possibly due to greater cellular contents of iron and other trace metals. The metal composition of B.psygmophilum shifted only at the highest temperature (30°C), whereas changes in B.minutum were observed at lower temperatures (28°C). The influence of iron availability in modulating each alga's response to thermal stress suggests the importance of trace metals to the health of coral-algal mutualisms. Ultimately, a greater ability to acquire scarce metals may improve the tolerance of corals to physiological stressors and contribute to the differences in performance associated with hosting one symbiont species over another.
StreamSpace: Pervasive Mixed Reality Telepresence for Remote Collaboration on Mobile Devices (2018)

We present a system that exploits mobile rotational tracking and photospherical imagery to allow users to share their environment with remotely connected peers “on the go.” We surveyed related interfaces and developed a unique groupware application that shares a mixed reality space with spatially-oriented live video feeds. Users can collaborate through realtime audio, video, and drawings in a virtual space. The developed system was tested in a preliminary user study, which confirmed an increase in spatial and situational awareness among viewers as well as reduction in cognitive workload. Believing that our system provides a novel style of collaboration in mixed reality environments, we discuss future applications and extensions of our prototype.
Constructing Carbon Nanotube/Pt Nanoparticle Hybrids Using an Imidazolium‐Salt‐Based Ionic Liquid as a Linker (2010)

Carbon nanotube (CNT)/Pt nanoparticle (NP) hybrids are synthesized at room temperature using an imidazolium-salt-based ionic liquid (IS-ILs) as a linker. The new three-component CNT/IS-ILs/metal heterostructure has uniformly distributed Pt NPs, which form a conducting network on the CNTs that leads to high electrocatalytic activity. The hybrid is shown to exhibit higher electrocatalytic activity towards methanol oxidation reactions than a commercial hybrid catalyst and a hybrid containing polymeric linkers.
Design and implementation of a high-speed ATM host interface controller (2002)

The performance increase in computers and ATM networks together with emerging high bandwidth services has resulted in bottleneck at the host-network interfaces. This paper describes the design and implementation of an ATM host interface controller ASIC which relieves the host CPU from processing burdens by doing most of the SAR processing by hardware and also provides high performance. This NIC uses local memory to store control data as well as the received cells and it internally has STMI framer with clock recovery function. The ASIC is a single-chip solution for the implementation of high performance low-cost ATM network adapters for computers having PCI bus.
A scalable re-configurable processor (2002)

Several commercial and research projects have produced a variety of 'computing surfaces' based on FPGAs with some interconnection pattern. However, because the majority of these projects have constrained themselves to two-dimensional structures that can be fabricated on a single planar substrate, the interconnect patterns are fixed and severely constrain the ability of a problem to be mapped on to the prototyping system. This paper describes a simple development of the Achilles interprocessor switch. Achilles' 3D stack of processors provides a flexible and scalable system-any number of stacks may be connected together in a small volume and a user may set up a connection pattern quite different from any envisaged by the hardware designer. Simulation of control systems where there are large numbers of objects such as traffic flows, network message traffic, etc, is CPU intensive and generally requires inordinately long runs on conventional sequential processors. So we have chosen Petri Net simulation for a feasibility study for Achilles as a reconfigurable processor. This showed that the architecture is particularly suitable for Petri Net simulations as hundreds of places in a net can be simultaneously active-reducing by orders of magnitude the time necessary for simulations.
A new method for fully autonomous calibration of parallel manipulators using a constraint link (2002)

Kinematic calibration is a process whereby the actual values of geometric parameters are estimated so as to minimize the error in absolute positioning. Fully autonomous methods of calibration are cost effective, fast and easy to implement. This paper presents a new method for fully autonomous calibration that can be applied to 6 degree-of-freedom fully parallel manipulators. The proposed method uses a link of fixed length, having spherical joints at both of it ends, to restrain the motion of the end-effector over spherical surface with arbitrary orientations. The end-effector, therefore, has 5 degrees of freedom. However, the measurement data is collected from 6 actuator sensors. This redundancy of sensory information is utilized for calibrating the geometric parameters without using any extra sensing device. The calibration procedure can be completely automated for the six kinematic chains of the manipulator. Simulations have been performed to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Studies into immunisation of cattle against interdigital necrobacillosis (1986)

Calves were immunised with fractions of Fusobacterium necrophorum incorporated in mineral oil adjuvant and then each foot was experimentally exposed to interdigital necrobacillosis (foot abscess) by subcutaneous injection of homologous organisms through the interdigital skin. The number of cells from an 18 h liquid culture that might be expected to cause 50% of the feet of control calves to develop marked swellings following subcutaneous injection was shown to be approximately 2.2 X 10(8) cells. Immunity was shown to be associated with antigens that were located in the supernatant of the culture, and which may be identical with or closely associated with the exotoxins.
Surface Polariton Cherenkov Light Radiation Source (2012)

A physical phenomenon has been found: in a structure of nanometal film with dielectric-medium loading, the surface polaritons excited by a uniformly moving electron bunch can be transformed into Cherenkov radiation with intensity enhancement in the medium. Based on this mechanism, the surface polariton Cherenkov light radiation source is presented and explored in the Letter. The results show that surface polariton Cherenkov light radiation source can generate radiation, from visible light to the ultraviolet frequency regime and the radiation power density can reach or even exceed 10(8) W/cm(2) depending on the beam energy and current density. It is a tunable and miniature light radiation source promising to be integrated on a chip and built into a light radiation source array.
Properties of  -Glucosidase Purified from Clostridium thermocellum (1982)

A cell-bound β-glucosidase (β-d-glucoside glucohydrolase; EC 3.2.1.21) from Clostridium thermocellum was purified to apparent homogeneity. A molecular weight of about 43000 gel fluration of the native enzyme on Ultrogel AcA34. A constant ratio of aryl-β-glucosidase and cellcouse throughout purification, similar heat stabilities, pH profiles and sensitivity to different hiibitor and competitive inhibition of the aryl-β-gluosidase and the β suggest that the same enzyme accounts for the aryl-β-glucosidase and the cellobiase activities. However, the affinity for cellobiose was very much lower than for p-β-d-glucoside. The β-glucosidase had maximum rates at pH 6·0 to 6·5 for both activities. The enzyme was specific for substrates with the both activities. β-configuration. particulary and β-1,3 and β-1,2 linkages. The enzyme did not hydrolyse carboxymethylcellulose or cellulose, but hydrolysed cello-oligosaccharides. It was strongly inhibited by d-glucono-δ-lactone was sensitive to thiol reagents. When preparations of C. thermocellm cellulase were supplemented with purified β-glucosidase, glucose was the predominant product of cellulose and the rate of saccharification was increased.
Polyesters Produced by <i>Pseudomonas oleovorans</i> Containing Cyclohexyl Groups (1997)

Polymers containing cyclohexyl units were isolated when Pseudomonas oleovorans was grown with 5-cyclohexylvaleric (CHV) or 4-cyclohexylbutyric acid (CHB). This was opposed to the case where shorter chain acids were used as carbon sources. Growth experiments using homologous cycloalkylalkanoic acids as carbon sources were carried out with varying ratios of the acids to nonanoic acid. A concentration of 90% CHV (20 mM total concentration) afforded a polymer in which monomeric units containing a cyclohexyl ring (up to 24% of units) were identified by NMR and GC−MS. The polymeric material isolated in about 9% of the dry cell weight was a beige, sticky material similar in texture to poly(3-hydroxynonanoate). The polymer's intrinsic viscosity was 0.77 dL/g, and its weight-average molecular weight 52 000, as determined by GPC. Thermal analysis indicated the presence of two Tg values: Tg,1 = −16.3 °C and Tg,2 = −32.6 °C, which suggest the presence of two polymers, one containing more cyclohexyl rings than the other. This observation was sustained by TLC analysis.
LTE-Advanced channel coding generic procedures A high-level model to guide low-level implementations (2013)

This paper presents a high-level functional model for the 3GPP LTE-Advanced channel coding generic procedures. Due to the complexity of modern wireless communication systems, it is fundamental to have a well-defined high-level model to guide low-level implementations, like C/C++ or HDL. Highlevel modeling not only serves the purpose of proving the correctness of a given system, but also to present measures of its optimal performance, since we are not yet restricted by any technology. The LTE-Advanced channel coding is composed by five generic procedures: CRC calculation, code block segmentation and CRC attachment, channel coding, rate matching and code block concatenation. The aggregation of these procedures creates the great majority of the downlink and uplink transport channels. In this paper, we present a very simple way of modeling the channel coding, offering a reference for future LTE channel coding developments.
ACOG Iowa Section Report, November 2011 (2011)

The Iowa Section of the American College/Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) represents the practitioners of Iowa locally and nationally. A robust group of legislative advocates and nationally renowned educators and researchers are among our members. Service to women, including international medical missions, has been one of our strengths.
Temporal dynamics of viral load and false negative rate influence the levels of testing necessary to combat COVID-19 spread (2021)

Colleges and other organizations are considering testing plans to return to operation as the COVID-19 pandemic continues. Pre-symptomatic spread and high false negative rates for testing may make it difficult to stop viral spread. Here, we develop a stochastic agent-based model of COVID-19 in a university sized population, considering the dynamics of both viral load and false negative rate of tests on the ability of testing to combat viral spread. Reported dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 can lead to an apparent false negative rate from ~ 17 to ~ 48%. Nonuniform distributions of viral load and false negative rate lead to higher requirements for frequency and fraction of population tested in order to bring the apparent Reproduction number (Rt) below 1. Thus, it is important to consider non-uniform dynamics of viral spread and false negative rate in order to model effective testing plans.
Biomaterials: Bioengineering Applied to Materials for Hard and Soft Tissue Replacement (1972)

You have to try hard, after reading this book, to say what use it would be to anyone. Perhaps to the medical scientist or engineer, it will show what a world of competences are involved in the work being done on biomaterials. Or to one in the field, let us say of replacement of bone, it may be interesting to have an overview of such allied fields as replacement of teeth, or skin. For these purposes, the book will serve, if not well, passably, but don't expect an extended tour. Many large provinces are referred to but not explored. It is only too easy for the reader to pick any number of big blind spots in addition to those purposely left out, those being artificial hearts and associated devices, etc. To mention a few, tribology, (wear and lubrication study), pacemakers, vessel prostheses, soft lenses, etc. If you ask, whether in
Laboratory Results in Particulate Trap Technology (1989)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The paper describes testbed investigations on burner assisted ceramic monolith particulate filter systems for city buses. Particular attention is devoted to the regeneration sequence and the required control of the burners. A logic for regenerating a two-filter unit (in series or in parallel) is discussed. Finally results based on endurance rig testing are presented.</div>
Retigabine: Has the Orphan Found a Home? (2007)

Randomized, Multicenter, Dose-Ranging Trial of Retigabine for Partial-Onset Seizures. Porter RJ, Partiot A, Sachdeo R, Nohria V, Alves WM; 205 Study Group. Neurology 2007;68(15):1197–1204. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of retigabine 600, 900, and 1,200 mg/day administered three times daily as adjunctive therapy in patients with partial-onset seizures. METHODS: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed. After an 8-week baseline phase, patients were randomized to a 16-week double-blind treatment period (8-week forced titration and 8-week maintenance) followed by either tapering or entry into an open-label extension study. Primary efficacy was the percentage change from baseline in monthly seizure frequency and compared across treatment arms. Secondary efficacy comparisons included the proportion of patients experiencing 50% reduction in seizure frequency (responder rate), emergence of new seizure types, and physician assessment of global clinical improvement. Safety/tolerability assessments included adverse events (AEs), physical and neurologic examinations, and clinical laboratory evaluations. Efficacy analyses were performed on the intent-to-treat population. RESULTS: Of the 399 randomized patients, 279 (69.9%) completed the double-blind treatment period. The median percent change in monthly total partial seizure frequency from baseline was −23% for 600 mg/day, −29% for 900 mg/day, and −35% for 1,200 mg/day vs −13% for placebo ( p < 0.001 for overall difference across all treatment arms). Responder rates for retigabine were 23% for 600 mg/day, 32% for 900 mg/day ( p = 0.021), and 33% for 1,200 mg/day ( p = 0.016), vs 16% for placebo. The most common treatment-emergent AEs were somnolence, dizziness, confusion, speech disorder, vertigo, tremor, amnesia, abnormal thinking, abnormal gait, paresthesia, and diplopia. CONCLUSION: Adjunctive therapy with retigabine is well tolerated and reduces the frequency of partial-onset seizures in a dose-dependent manner.
Efficient Carbon Nanotube Photodiodes (2009)

A single photon absorbed in a single-walled carbon nanotube device can generate multiple unbound particles carrying an electric charge. Gabor et al. (p. [1367][1]) report that in such a device at low temperatures, excitation with light of increasing energy leads to well-defined stepwise increases in current. Interestingly, because of the unique band structure of carbon nanotubes, this behavior is analogous to particle-antiparticle creation commonly observed in high-energy particle physics. These observations point to the promise of investigations in other nanoscale carbon systems, such as graphene, and could lead to numerous applications, including highly sensitive photon detection and ultra-efficient photovoltaics.

 [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.1176112
NAPSA: NAPSA out in force at PAC (2014)

The NAPSA Executive, Chairs and other NAPSA students joined delegates from all over the nation from 10-12 October, in Canberra, for the Pharmacy Australia Congress (PAC). PAC was hosted by the Pharmaceutical Society of Australia (PSA), with this year's theme being: Solve the pharmacy puzzle.
Cell Proliferation in Carcinogenesis (1990)

Chemicals that induce cancer at high doses in animal bioassays often fail to fit the traditional characterization of genotoxins. Many of these nongenotoxic compounds (such as sodium saccharin) have in common the property that they increase cell proliferation in the target organ. A biologically based, computerized description of carcinogenesis was used to show that the increase in cell proliferation can account for the carcinogenicity of nongenotoxic compounds. The carcinogenic dose-response relationship for genotoxic chemicals (such as 2-acetylaminofluorene) was also due in part to increased cell proliferation. Mechanistic information is required for determination of the existence of a threshold for the proliferative (and carcinogenic) response of nongenotoxic chemicals and the estimation of risk for human exposure.
Prospects of Siloxane Membrane Technology for Gas Separation - A Review (2003)

Siloxane membranes have been long utilized industrially for the separation of gas mixtures due to its very high permeation rate. But the selectivity of this membrane for a particular gas mixture is very low. In order to improve its selectivity value without drastically reducing its permeation rate, lot of literature based on the chemical structure modifications is available. These modifications often lead to an improvement of selectivity value at the cost of permeability value or vice-versa. This review deals with the factors affecting the permeability value and an up-to-date chemical modification of siloxane membranes and its transport parameters.
Near-field radiative heat transfer and noncontact friction (2007)

All material bodies are surrounded by a fluctuating electromagnetic field because of the thermal and quantum fluctuations of the current density inside them. Close to the surface of planar sources (when the distance $d⪡{\ensuremath{\lambda}}_{T}=c\ensuremath{\hbar}∕{k}_{B}T$), thermal radiation can be spatially and temporally coherent if the surface can support surface modes like surface plasmon polaritons, surface phonon polaritons, or adsorbate vibrational modes. The fluctuating field is responsible for important phenomena such as radiative heat transfer, the van der Waals interaction, and the van der Waals friction between bodies. A general formalism for the calculation of the power spectral density for the fluctuating electromagnetic field is presented and applied to the radiative heat transfer and the van der Waals friction using both the semiclassical theory of the fluctuating electromagnetic field and quantum field theory. The radiative heat transfer and the van der Waals friction are greatly enhanced at short separations $(d⪡{\ensuremath{\lambda}}_{T})$ between the bodies due to the evanescent electromagnetic waves. Particularly strong enhancement occurs if the surface of the body can support localized surface modes like surface plasmons, surface polaritons, or adsorbate vibrational modes. An electromagnetic field outside a moving body can also be created by static charges which are always present on the surface of the body due to inhomogeneities, or due to a bias voltage. This electromagnetic field produces electrostatic friction which can be greatly enhanced if on the surface of the body there is a two-dimensional electron or hole system, or an incommensurate adsorbed layer of ions exhibiting acoustic vibrations. Applications of radiative heat transfer and noncontact friction to scanning probe spectroscopy are discussed. The theory gives a tentative explanation for the experimental noncontact friction data.
Traditional open-bay versus single-family room neonatal intensive care unit: a comparison of selected nutrition outcomes (2011)

Background: In contrast to the traditional open-bay–type design of the neonatal intensive care unit (tNICU), infants in developmentally appropriate NICU (dNICU) are housed in individual rooms with greater control of light and noise. Previous reports have documented positive influence of the dNICU in cardiorespiratory status, physiologic stability, and weight gain of the infants. The objective of this study was to explore selected nutrition outcomes of infants in the dNICU versus tNICU. Method: A prospective cohort study was conducted on infants with birth weight of 1500 g or less cared for in dNICU (n = 42) or tNICU (n = 31). Differences between days to reach full parenteral nutrition, full enteral nutrition, or full bottling were determined using analysis of covariance controlling for gestational age, birth weight, and clinical risk index for babies (CRIB) acuity score. Results: There were no differences between the two groups in days to reach full parenteral and bottle feeding. The infants in the dNICU took fewer days to reach full enteral nutrition (20.8 days, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 17, 24.6 (dNICU) vs 23.3 days, 95% CI: 17.1, 29.6 (tNICU), P = 0.04) than those in the tNICU. Conclusions: Although the two groups of infants only differed in the days to reach full enteral feeding, it is important to remember that the lack of difference may be clinically significant. Clinically, the infants in the dNICU were younger (gestational age) and sicker (CRIB acuity score) than the infants in the tNICU. Consequently, the results of this study support the change to dNICU, as the private room model provides a supportive environment for growth as evidenced by similar nutritional outcome measures. More research is needed to determine the effect of the dNICU on nutrition outcomes. Keywords: NICU, neonate, infant, feeding
Radioimmunoassay of Plasma Relaxin Levels Throughout Pregnancy and at Parturition in the Pig (1975)

Relaxin concentrations in peripheral plasma have been measured throughout pregnancy and immediately following parturition in the pig by radioimmunoassay. Gestation ranged from 114-117 days. Relaxin concentrations remained below 2 ng/ml during the first 100 days of pregnancy and then rose gradually to a mean of 11.9 ng/ml by 3 days before parturition. At this time, relaxin levels began to rise more rapidly and over the next 2 days increased to a mean concentration of 44.0 ng/ml by 30 h before parturition. Relaxin concentrations then increased sharply to a mean of 145.6 ng/ml by 14 h before parturition. This maximum was followed be a rapid decrease to a mean of 42.4 ng/ml by 2 h before parturition. At one day following parturition, relaxin levels were less than 1 ng/ml.