gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Blends of metal acetates and polyurethanes containing pyridine groups II. SAXS and EXAFS studies (1994)

Abstract Polyurethanes containing pendant pyridine units were blended with various metal acetates and studied by small‐angle x‐ray scattering (SAXS) and extended x‐ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (EXAFS) to better understand the microscopic effect of blending on these materials. An earlier investigation found a dramatic enhancement in mechanical properties after blending, which suggests at least two pyridine units were coordinating to a single cation. This coordination would enable the cation to act as a cross‐linking site, which could then cause the observed changes in mechanical properties. To determine the effect of complexation on the microphase‐separated domain structure, small‐angle x‐ray scattering patterns were collected. Neutralization with a metal acetate increased the scattered intensity, which can be explained by an increase in electron density contrast but may also have been due to an improvement in phase separation. The distance between lamellar domains was basically unaffected by the addition of metal acetate, with the exception of nickel acetate. In this instance the distance decreased, which was caused by an improvement of packing inside the hard segments. EXAFS at the nickel and zinc edges indicated that the same qualitative changes occurred in the local environments around both cations after blending versus the unblended acetates. The magnitude of the first shell peak in the radial structure function (RSF) increased significantly upon blending, a result that is difficult to rationalize. The higher shell peaks exhibited significant changes in position and magnitude upon blending, which indicates substantial local rearrangement around the metal cation These fundamental changes in the EXAFS spectra may have been due to complexation between the cation and the pyridine group, but the results were not conclusive. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
β-Ketonitrosamines as Synthetic Equivalents of α-Methinyl Methylamino (R-Chnhch<sub>3</sub>) and α-Methinyl Alkylamino (R<sup>−</sup>Chnhr′) Anions (1989)

Abstract β-Ketonitrosamines have been established as anionic synthons of the type (RCO+ −CHNHR′). The enhanced acidity of protons at the α-carbon, as well as the ease of fragmentation of the title compounds, established them as synthetic equivalents of α-methylenealkylamino anions (−CH2NHR). We now report the equivalency of β-ketonitrosamines to α-methinyl methylamino (R−CHNHCH3) and α-methinyl alkylamino (R −CHNHR′) anions.
Active Vision System Inspired by Biological Fixation Mechanism. (1995)

Focusing on the biological fixation mechanism, we propose a fixation technique, and implement it into an active vision system. In our technique, large and small camera movements are coordinated to detect an object precisely at the optical axis of the camera. Each type of movement is performed via two separate fixation methods : approximate fixation and adjustment fixation. In the former fixation, a preliminary fixation point is detected using the multi-resolution retina. After the optical axis of the camera is aligned in the direction of this point, the latter fixation method determines the precise fixation point by means of visual feedback control, which minimized the angle between the object's center and the optical axis of the camera. Experimental results show that the active vision system using our proposed technique succeded in fixating objects one after another in a scene, even if several objects are placed within it. According to these results, we have confirmed that bottom-up processing using primitive visual features is an effective technique for precise fixation.
64Cu-ATSM and 18FDG PET uptake and 64Cu-ATSM autoradiography in spontaneous canine tumors: comparison with pimonidazole hypoxia immunohistochemistry (2012)

Tumors with high levels of pimonidazole staining generally displayed high uptake of (18)FDG and (64)Cu-ATSM (3 h pi.). Similar regional distribution of (64)Cu-ATSM and pimonidazole was observed in most heterogeneous tumor regions. However, tumor and hypoxia level dependent differences may exist with regard to the hypoxia specificity of (64)Cu-ATSM in canine tumors.
Flow Cytometric and Quantitative Histological Parameters to Predict Occult Disease in Clinical Stage I Nonseminomatous Testicular Germ Cell Tumors (1993)

The goal of this study was to determine if deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) flow cytometric and quantitative histological parameters could predict occult metastases in clinical stage I nonseminomatous testicular cancer. Archival paraffin primary tumor tissue was available from 36 clinical stage I nonseminomatous germ cell testicular cancer patients who all had retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy and followup defining 2 groups: pathological stage I (23) and occult pathological stage II (13). Archival blocks were microdissected and individual histological components were subjected to flow cytometry. In addition, the primary histology was reevaluated for vascular invasion and per cent composition of histological components of embryonal carcinoma and other histologies. For flow cytometry parameters, no tumor was uniformly diploid, and the DNA index and per cent S phase cells were not useful in differentiating stages. Although mean per cent S phase for the aneuploid cell population and proliferative index were significantly greater for stage II cases by univariate logistic regression analysis, they are approximately 70% accurate in predicting occult disease as single tests and were not significant by multivariate analysis. The calculation of per cent embryonal carcinoma was also significantly greater in stage II cancer by univariate logistic regression testing and remained significant by multivariate analysis. Vascular invasion was marginally predictive of occult disease but was also not significant by multivariate analysis. Calculating the percentage of embryonal carcinoma of a primary testicular tumor may be a useful method to assess clinical stage I cancer patients for risk of occult disease. A larger study is needed to confirm the importance of per cent embryonal carcinoma and to clarify further if flow cytometry in combination is useful.
Monte Carlo simulation of positron-emitting nuclei distributions in proton therapy (2010)

Proton therapy is mainly used to treat cancer where a conformal dose is essential. Methods for monitoring both the spatial distribution and the delivered dose have thus been proposed [1]. Proton irradiation on organic tissue produces positron emitters (mainly <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sup> C and <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">15</sup> O). Proton therapy monitoring may thus be performed using Positron Emission Tomography (PET) acquisition. The proposed methods most often consist in comparing a Monte Carlo simulation of the positron emitters produced during irradiation with PET measurements. The aim of this work is the modelling of the whole process from the irradiation to the PET image production using GATE toolkit.
Analysis of the Cross–Reactivity between BtM and Der p 5, Two Group 5 Recombinant Allergens from Blomia tropicalis and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (1998)

There is cross-reactivity between BtM and Der p 5, which explains almost all the cross-reactivity between the two mite extracts. This cross-reactivity seems to be related to epitope(s) at the C-terminal segment of these allergens.
Isonitrile biosynthesis in the cyanophyte Hapalosiphon fontinalis (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIsonitrile biosynthesis in the cyanophyte Hapalosiphon fontinalisVolker. Bornemann, Gregory M. L. Patterson, and Richard E. MooreCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 7, 2339–2340Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00215a075https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00215a075research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views291Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
[Rapid increase of the use of PET in cancer investigation--but Sweden lags behind]. (2000)

Glucose consumption in tissue can be measured using positron emission tomography (PET) and 18F-deoxyglucose (18FDG). Malignant tumors rely largely on anaerobic glycolysis and show very rapid glucose consumption, and can therefore be imaged using PET and 18FDG. PET has been shown to be useful in the evaluation of patients with e.g. lung cancer, colo-rectal cancer, malignant melanoma and malignant lymphoma, in terms of both diagnostic accuracy and cost-effectiveness. The clinical use of PET for workup of cancer patients is increasing rapidly in North America as well as in the European Union, but Sweden is lagging behind.
<title>High-speed high-resolution color line scan camera for machine vision</title> (1994)

A color line scan camera is described in this paper which has three separate but simultaneous scans of Red, Green and Blue color with high resolution. Unlike previous cameras designed for color use in machine vision, this camera has high resolution per color (2098 pixels) without any non sensitive regions. This is achieved by employing a sensor which has three separate linear arrays integrated onto one chip with a different color filter over each linear array. The scan time between each color scan is equivalent to 8 scan lines. The camera produces an output per color which is digitized to 8 bits of grey scale at a total maximum speed of 30 MHz. This information can be obtained in a 24 bit wide format or the color outputs can be recombined in the camera so that each pixel is provided with three serial 8 bit values for each color. The camera is interfaced to a frame grabber which can correct for the line delay and provide display and analysis.
Effects of sample attrition in a longitudinal study of the association between alcohol intake and all‐cause mortality (2008)

Attrition was non-random, and the observed association between alcohol intake and all-cause mortality did not differ by statistical method for handling missing data.
Networks on silicon: combining best-effort and guaranteed services (2003)

We advocate a network on silicon (NOS) as a hardware architecture to implement communication between IP cores in future technologies, and as a software model in the form of a protocol stack to structure the programming of NOSs. We claim guaranteed services are essential. In the ETHEREAL NOS they pervade the NOS as a requirement for hardware design, and as foundation for software programming.
Endogenous Cholinergic Neurotransmission Contributes to Behavioral Sensitization to Morphine (2015)

Neuroplasticity in the mesolimbic dopaminergic system is critical for behavioral adaptations associated with opioid reward and addiction. These processes may be influenced by cholinergic transmission arising from the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (LDTg), a main source of acetylcholine to mesolimbic dopaminergic neurons. To examine this possibility we asked if chronic systemic morphine administration affects expression of genes in ventral and ventrolateral periaqueductal gray at the level of the LDTg using rtPCR. Specifically, we examined gene expression changes in the area of interest using Neurotransmitters and Receptors PCR array between chronic morphine and saline control groups. Analysis suggested that chronic morphine administration led to changes in expression of genes associated, in part, with cholinergic neurotransmission. Furthermore, using a quantitative immunofluorescent technique, we found that chronic morphine treatment produced a significant increase in immunolabeling of the cholinergic marker (vesicular acetylcholine transporter) in neurons of the LDTg. Finally, systemic administration of the nonselective and noncompetitive neuronal nicotinic antagonist mecamylamine (0.5 or 2 mg/kg) dose-dependently blocked the expression, and to a lesser extent the development, of locomotor sensitization. The same treatment had no effect on acute morphine antinociception, antinociceptive tolerance or dependence to chronic morphine. Taken together, the results suggest that endogenous nicotinic cholinergic neurotransmission selectively contributes to behavioral sensitization to morphine and this process may, in part, involve cholinergic neurons within the LDTg.
The effect of aging on blood and plasma viscosity. An 11.6 years follow-up study (2011)

The present findings demonstrate that blood viscosity increases with age. This increase seems independent of classical CHD risk factors and is disjoined from haematocrit and plasma viscosity, suggesting a possible direct effect of aging on red blood cells.
Focal nodular hyperplasia or focal nodular hyperplasia‐like lesions of the liver: A special emphasis on diagnosis (2011)

The presence of a hepatic lesion with arterial hypervascularity and/or portal/delayed washout is not necessarily diagnostic of HCC, particularly in patients without risk factors for HCC. These radiological findings can also occur in cirrhotic patients with FNH-like lesions, including those with hepatic outflow obstruction.
Multimodal Brain Warping Using the Demons Algorithm and Adaptative Intensity Corrections (1999)

This paper presents an original method for three-dimensional elastic registration of multimodal images. We propose to make use of a scheme that iterates between correcting for intensity differences between images and performing standard monomodal registration. The core of our contribution resides in providing a method that finds the transformation that maps the intensities of one image to those of another. It makes the assumption that there are at most two functional dependences between the intensities of structures present in the images to register, and relies on robust estimation techniques to evaluate these functions. We provide results showing successful registration between several imaging modalities involving segmentations, T1 magnetic resonance (MR), T2 MR, proton density (PD) MR and computed tomography (CT). We also argue that our intensity modeling may be more appropriate than mutual information (MI) in the context of evaluating high-dimensional deformations, as it puts more co...
0219 The association between shift work and obesity in Canada: A cross-sectional study using a novel exposure assessment tool (2014)

<h3>Objectives</h3> Shift work entailing circadian rhythm disruption is linked to chronic disease. One suggestion is that obesity mediates the relationship, yet research investigating the link between shift work and obesity report mixed findings, with a propensity towards a positive association. Since a paucity of research in this area has been conducted in Canada, this study examined the association between shift work and obesity within two Canadian studies; one of Ontario females, and the other, a highly educated nation-wide sample. <h3>Method</h3> Healthy subjects from the Canadian Study of Diet, Lifestyle, and Health cohort study (CSDLH; 1447 males, 2170 females), and the Ontario Women’s Diet and Health case-control study (OWDHS; 3474 female controls) were analyzed. Overweight was defined as BMI≥25, <30, and obesity: BMI≥30. Reported occupation was linked to shift work exposure assessment, defined as regular evenings, nights, or rotating work, derived from Survey of Labour and Income Dynamic data. The association between shift work (tertiles), and obesity, separated by sex and dataset, was determined through polytomous and logistic regression controlling for potential confounders. <h3>Results</h3> In adjusted regression (reference=lowest exposure), intermediate shift work was negatively associated with overweight for CSDLH females (OR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.26–0.99), yet positively associated with obesity for OWDHS females (OR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.08–2.71). For males, high shift work exposure was negatively associated with increased weight (OR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.35–0.92). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The association between shift work and obesity is multifaceted and depends on population factors. Further investigations within a highly educated and diversified workforce are warranted.
Immunohistochemical detection of thrombospondin-1 in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue. (1996)

Thrombospondin-1 (TSP) is a 450-KD glycoprotein that was initially discovered in the platelet alpha-granule. It now appears that TSP is intimately involved in the regulation of a variety of cellular functions and cell-to-cell interactions. Recently, it has been demonstrated that TSP functions as a p53-dependent inhibitor of angiogenesis in cultured fibroblasts from Li-Fraumeni patients and therefore may be an important factor involved with tumor invasion and metastasis. It has previously been demonstrated that TSP can be detected in frozen tissue sections by immunohistochemical methods. Our objective in this study was to determine the optimal antigen retrieval (AR) protocol for detection of TSP in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue by using tissue sections from patients with invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. The optimal AR protocol was determined utilizing a variety of heating conditions and antigen retrieval buffers. Our results demonstrate that TSP can be reliably detected in paraffin-embedded tissue by immunohistochemical techniques that utilize AR with high-temperature microwave heating and a low-pH Tris-HCI buffer. The importance of this method is that it allows the reliable detection of TSP in archival tissue. This should facilitate further investigation into TSP's role in the regulation of cellular processes, including its influence on tumor angiogenesis and metastasis.
ChemInform Abstract: Formation and Reactions of Carbanions from α‐Substituted Perfluoroacyl Fluorides. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The temporal order of replication of murine immunoglobulin heavy chain constant region sequences corresponds to their linear order in the genome (1982)

The time of replication during the S phase in a murine erythroleukemia (MEL) cell line was determined for immunoglobulin heavy chain constant region C alpha, C gamma 2b and C mu sequences whose boundaries are defined by EcoR1 restriction endonuclease sites (EcoR1 segments). Logarithmically growing cultures of MEL cells with an S phase of about 7.5 hours were pulse labelled with 20 micrograms/ml of 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BUdR). The cells were then fractionated by centrifugal elutriation into 10-12 distinct populations containing cells in different stages of the cell cycle. Flow microfluorimetric (FMF) analysis of DNA content, measurements of cell volume and autoradiography after 3H-thymidine pulse labelling were used to determine position in the cell cycle. Fractions were pooled to represent four selected intervals of S in which BU-DNA was synthesized for 2.5 hrs or less. Newly replicated DNA which had incorporated BUdR into one strand was isolated, cleaved with EcoR1, and separated on neutral Cs2S04 gradients. Equal amounts of BU-DNA replicated during these four intervals of S were electrophoresed in 0.8% agarose gels, transferred to diazotized aminobenzyloxymethyl paper and hybridized with 32p probes containing the C alpha, C gamma 2b and C mu genes and flanking sequences. The relative amounts of segments replicated were assessed by quantitation of the appropriate bands on the autoradiograms by microdensitometry. The results indicate that the 2.8 kb C alpha, 6.6 kb C gamma 2b and 12 kb C mu EcoR1 segments in these MEL cells replicated during defined intervals of the first half of the S phase. The order of replication of these EcoR1 segments as the cells proceeded through S was C alpha, C gamma 2b, C mu, corresponding to the linear order of the genes determined by restriction endonuclease mapping.
Past and Present of the Chinese and Korean Trainees and Survival of a Small Manufacturing Industry (2007)

In 1973, the author established the Nippon Bell Parts Co., Ltd. in Funabashi-city under his estimation of the advances in communication, information, semiconductor and automotive industries, then he has focused on R&D and developed the manufacturing of precise parts. During the past 30 years, he has himself experienced the importance of the mutual exchange between Japan and China and Korea, for keeping the human capability as well as for the management and the technical development to avoid a bankruptcy. The author is intentionally acting for the education of craftsmen in small and medium-sized manufacturing industries.
The Research Progress of Spark Plasma Sintering for Metal-ceramic Composite Materials (2004)

Spark plasma sintering (SPS) is a new rapid sintering technology. In recent years, SPS has been successfully applied to fabricating metal-ceramic composite materials. The particular superiority of SPS applied to fabricating metal-ceramic composite materials lies in fabricating refractory compounds, nanophase materials, functionally gradient materials and new materials. In this paper, the progress in research on SPS for metal-ceramic composite materials is reviewed. The advantages and disadvantages of SPS for metal-ceramic composite materials are analyzed. Moreover, the prospects for further development of SPS is discussed.
A simple assessment of the cogging torque in a transverse flux permanent magnet machine (2002)

Much attention is focused upon the transverse flux permanent magnet machine (TFPM), especially in electric and hybrid propulsion applications. Although significant improvements have been carried out on the earlier topologies, much work is still required before the TFPM can be regarded as a mature concept. Of particular interest is the cogging torque reduction which is a vital requirement in direct wheel drive applications. The paper describes the principle of the cogging torque production in a double-sided TFPM, and proposes an approach to its analytical prediction taking as a pattern the case of the buried permanent magnet machine.