gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Silica-coated superparamagnetic nanoparticles as contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging: Synthesis and physicological charaterizations (2015)

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have received a growing interest for various biomedical applications due to their interesting magnetic properties. Herein, we report a method for facile synthesis of colloidal silica-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (Si-SPIONs). The polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-SPIONs were successfully prepared and then coated with silica by the modified Stöber method. The obtained Si-SPIONs are highly monodisperse with uniform morphology. Notably, comparing to uncoated SPIONs, silica coated ones show colloidal stability region at physiological pH which is applicable in biomedical applications and synthesis at the scale of grams was easily obtained by a simple scale up process. Moreover, aggregation was not detected upon storage of over three months. MRI of the particles was performed. In vitro study in aspect of cytotoxicity and stability of the particle was investigated. Our work to develop the characteristics of non-toxic and stable Si-SPIONs will be beneficial for the development of safer and more efficient targeting MRI contrast agent for various cancer diagnosis.
Morphological changes in the corpus callosum: a study using joint Riemannian feature spaces (2013)

Shape, scale, orientation and position, the physical features associated with white matter DTI tracts, can, either individually or in combination, be used to define feature spaces. Recent work by Mani et al.<sup>1</sup> describes a Riemannian framework in which these joint feature spaces are considered. In this paper, we use the tools and metrics defined within this mathematical framework to study morphological changes due to disease progression. We look at sections of the anterior corpus callosum, which describes a deep arc along the mid-sagittal plane, and show how multiple sclerosis and normal control populations have different joint shape-orientation signatures.
Free Radical Rearrangements. I. The Free β-Methyl-β-α-tolylpropyl (p-Methylneophyl) Radical<sup>1</sup> (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFree Radical Rearrangements. I. The Free β-Methyl-β-α-tolylpropyl (p-Methylneophyl) Radical1W. H. Urry and N. NicolaidesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 20, 5163–5168Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01140a053https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01140a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views100Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Anastomosis vasculares «suspendidas (1991)

Authors present a technical modification for continuoussuture vascular anastomosis, which they havesystematical/y used for severa/ years. This modification ismade possible by the great slipperiness of modernmonofi/ament synthetic sutures. lt consists of the executionof the first half of the suture with separated vascularstumps under direct visual control of the lumen, the intima,and their edges. They are then brought into contact bymaking the thread slip with a slight traction.This makes possible the making of technically correctanastomosis quick/y and easi/y in difficult situations suchas sma/1 vesse/s, deep ones, or those which cannot bedissecated extensive/y.
Development of Advanced Therapies Based On Viral Vector-Mediated Overexpression Of Therapeutic Molecules and Knockdown Of Disease-Related Genes for Parkinson’s Disease (2010)

The last decade witnessed the translation of several gene-based therapeutic approaches from experimental studies to early clinical trials. Studies targeting the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) were among the forefront of trials in the CNS. In this article, we overview three major strategies for the treatment of PD: the enzyme-replacement strategies are based on well-defined principles of functional restoration and are well suited for treatment of patients with advanced disease who would typically experience complications due to side effects of pharmacotherapy. Neurotrophic factor delivery, on the other hand, aims to delay the disability and eventually modifiy disease progression. Finally, we present an outlook to a completely new way of interfering with the disease process, which is taking advantage of recently discovered RNAi mechanisms in cells. Gene therapy is now becoming a reality in the clinics and developments in the next decade will help uncover the true potential of this approach for not only the treatment of PD patients, but also many other neurological disorders.
Cool beams for ultrafast electron imaging (2014)

By near threshold photoionization of a laser-cooled and trapped atomic gas we create dense, picosecond electron bunches at electron temperatures three orders of magnitude lower than in conventional field and photoemission sources. The superior coherence properties of this ultracold source will enable single-shot electron diffraction of macromolecules and ultrafast nanodiffraction. Recently we have recorded the first diffraction patterns of graphite using the ultracold source. To control and manipulate highly coherent, ultrashort pulsed beams we are developing compact 3 GHz microwave cavities as versatile time-dependent electron optical elements. We have demonstrated bunch compression – longitudinal focusing – to below 100 fs using a 3 GHz microwave cavity in TM010 mode. Alternatively, a cavity in TM010 mode may be used to lower the energy spread of an electron bunch by longitudinal defocusing. We use microwave cavities in TM110 mode for measuring bunch lengths, but also to chop the continuous beam of an electron microscope into a high repetition rate train of femtosecond single-electron pulses while conserving emittance.
Rheologically Identical Behavior of Emulsions and Suspensions in Steady Shear Flow: Dimensional Analysis and Experimental Evidence (2003)

This study presents the key parameters that influence the rheological behavior of emulsions and suspensions subjected to steady shear flow. Emulsions and suspensions with nearly monomodal particle or droplet distributions were experimentally investigated to determine their material behavior in steady shear flow. A comparison of the results revealed that, under special conditions, the emulsions and suspensions subjected to steady shear flow exhibit identical rheological material behavior.
The Occurrence of Tryptamine Derivatives in Psilocybe semilanceata (1988)

The content of tryptamine derivatives in Psilocybe semilanceata, a popular hallucinogenic mushroom, was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Most of the 52 samples have been collected at several localities in Switzerland during a 1-5 year period. The content of psilocybin and baeocystin varied in the range of 0.21-2.02% and 0.05-0.77%, respectively, whereas only traces of psilocin were present. The variability of the alkaloid level depending on origin, year of collection, size and part of mushrooms is discussed.
Intrinsic viscosity–molecular weight relationship for cis-1,4-polyisoprene (1963)

The intrinsic viscosity–molecular weight relationship has been determined for synthetic cis-1,4-polyisoprene prepared with butyllithium initiator. The best representation of our results is the equation, [η] = 2.00 × 10−4 (M̄v)0.728, for intrinsic viscosities determined in toluene at 30°C. This relationship agrees, within experimental error, with that obtained for natural rubber by Carter, Scott, and Magat.
Behavioral and Cellular Protection of Rat Dopaminergic Neurons by an Adenoviral Vector Encoding Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (1998)

Previously, we observed that an adenoviral (Ad) vector encoding human glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), injected near the rat substantia nigra (SN), protects SN dopaminergic (DA) neuronal soma from 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced degeneration. In the present study, the effects of Ad GDNF injected into the striatum, the site of DA nerve terminals, were assessed in the same lesion model. So that effects on cell survival could be assessed without relying on DA phenotypic markers, fluorogold (FG) was infused bilaterally into striatae to retrogradely label DA neurons. Ad GDNF or control treatment (Ad mGDNF, encoding a deletion mutant GDNF, Ad lacZ, vehicle, or no injection) was injected unilaterally into the striatum near one FG site. Progressive degeneration of DA neurons was initiated 7 days later by unilateral injection of 6-OHDA at this FG site. At 42 days after 6-OHDA, Ad GDNF prevented the death of 40% of susceptible DA neurons that projected to the lesion site. Ad GDNF prevented the development of behavioral asymmetries which depend on striatal dopamine, including limb use asymmetries during spontaneous movements along vertical surfaces and amphetamine-induced rotation. Both behavioral asymmetries were exhibited by control-treated, lesioned rats. Interestingly, these behavioral protections occurred in the absence of an increase in the density of DA nerve fibers in the striatum of Ad GDNF-treated rats. ELISA measurements of transgene proteins showed that nanogram quantities of GDNF and lacZ transgene were present in the striatum for 7 weeks, and picogram quantities of GDNF in the SN due to retrograde transport of vector and/or transgene protein. These studies demonstrate that Ad GDNF can sustain increased levels of biosynthesized GDNF in the terminal region of DA neurons for at least 7 weeks and that this GDNF slows the degeneration of DA neurons and prevents the appearance of dopamine dependent motor asymmetries in a rat model of Parkinson's disease (PD). GDNF gene therapy targeted to the striatum, a more surgically accessible site than the SN, may be clinically applicable to humans with PD.
Biodegradation of a magnesium alloy implant in the intercondylar femoral notch showed an appropriate response to the synovial membrane in a rabbit model <i>in vivo</i> (2014)

Degradable magnesium alloys are promising biomaterials for orthopedic applications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential effects on both the synovial membrane (synovialis) and the synovial fluid (synovia) of the degradation products of a MgYREZr-pin implanted in the intercondylar femoral notch in a rabbit model. Thirty-six animals were randomized into two groups (MgYREZr or Ti6Al4V alloy) of 18 animals each. Each group was then divided into three subgroups with implantation periods of 1, 4, and 12 weeks, with six animals in each subgroup. The initial inflammatory reaction caused by the surgical trauma declined after 12 weeks of implantation, and elucidated a progressive recovery of the synovial membrane. Compared with control Ti6Al4V pins, there were no significant differences between the groups. However, after 12 weeks, recovery of the synovial membrane was more advanced in the titanium group, in which 92% showed no signs of synovitis, than in the magnesium group. A cytotoxicity test with L929 cells and human osteoblasts (HOB) was also conducted, according to EN ISO 10993-5/12, and no toxic leachable products were observed after 24 h of incubation. In conclusion, the MgYREZr alloy seems to be a suitable material for intra-articular degradable implants.
IL-1beta-induced nitric oxide release from insulin-secreting beta-cells: further evidence for the involvement of GTP-binding proteins. (2002)

Recently, we have demonstrated regulatory roles for G-proteins (e.g., H-Ras) in IL-1beta induced NO release from HIT-T15 cells. Herein, we report a similar regulatory mechanism for IL-1beta induced NO release from RIN5F and INS-1 cells. Our data indicate that functional inactivation of Ras, either by Clostridial toxins or by specific inhibitors of Ras function, results in a significant inhibition in IL-1beta induced NO release, suggesting that activation of specific G-proteins is essential for IL-1beta induced NO release. In the present study, we report possible loci where IL-1beta treatment might result in functional activation of these G-proteins. For example, IL-1beta treatment resulted in significant reduction in (high-and low-affinity) GTPase activities in lysates derived from normal rat islets; such a scenario might lead to retention of candidate G-proteins in GTP-bound, active conformation. Further, IL-1beta treatment increased the G-protein carboxyl methyl transferase activity as well as carboxyl methylation of endogenous beta-cell proteins; such a modification has been shown to increase the membrane association and interaction of these G-proteins with their respective effector proteins. Also, we report immunologic localization of H-Ras regulatory proteins including its nucleotide exchange factor (GRF-1) and its effector protein (eg., Raf-1) in isolated beta-cells. Together, our data indicate localization, and regulation by IL-1beta, of specific enzymes that are critical to activation of G-proteins. Based on these preliminary findings, we propose a model for the involvement of G-proteins in IL-1beta induced NO release and subsequent demise of the pancreatic beta-cell.
MRI assessment of coronary microvascular endothelial nitric oxide synthase function using myocardial T<sub>1</sub> mapping (2017)

NOS inhibition causes an increase in myocardial T<sub>1</sub> in healthy mice, and this effect is mediated through eNOS. T<sub>1</sub> mapping during NOS inhibition detects coronary microvascular eNOS dysfunction in high-fat-diet mice. T<sub>1</sub> mapping during NOS inhibition may be useful in preclinical studies aiming to investigate mechanisms underlying and therapies for coronary microvascular eNOS dysfunction. Magn Reson Med 79:2246-2253, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Demonstration of Epstein-Barr Virus in Malignant Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphomas (1986)

Lymph nodes or tumor biopsies of 60 persons suspected of having a malignant lymphoma were examined for the presence of Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen (EBNA) by anticomplement immunofluorescence. In 8 cases the tissue specimens were also assayed for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA by nucleic acid hybridization. Serum samples of patients and controls were tested for EBV-related antibodies. The histological tests in 37 cases showed a malignant non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and in 23 cases a reactive lymphadenopathy. A Burkitt lymphoma of a European boy and a polymorphic centroblastoma contained EBNA and approximately 27 or 30 genome equivalents EBV DNA per cell, respectively. EBNA was also demonstrated in about 20% of the cells of a lymph node from a patient with recurrent reactive lymphadenopathy.
A Practical Method for Estimating Travel Demand on Non-workdays Using Road Traffic Census Data (1997)

The purpose of this paper is to develop a practical method for estimating the volume of link-flow on network in sightseeing areas. This method is applied to Mt. Fuji-Northern Areas using the census data of OD distribution trips on non-workdays. Forcusing on how the links of road network are used by visitors to the study area, a principal component analysis is carried out and it leads us to the fact that these links are classified into four types. The result obtained from its application indicates that the proposed method has sufficient fit of goodness as a whole.
Studies on the induction of immunologic unresponsiveness. II. Kinetics. (1967)

The kinetics of induction of immunologic unresponsiveness to human γ-globulin (HGG) were studied in the adult C57BL/6 mouse using a cell transfer system. Either 0.5 or 5.0 mg soluble HGG was injected into mice and spleen cells transferred to lethally irradiated, isologous recipients which were then challenged with HGG in adjuvant. When the cells of the donor had been in contact with soluble HGG for 5 or more days, they did not respond to challenge after transfer. Cells transferred before 5 days were able to make an antibody response indicating that there is an induction period of at least 4 days in the establishment of immunologic unresponsiveness. Cells transferred before 5 days, but not challenged in the recipient until well after the induction period, i.e., 8 days, were still able to respond, indicating that extracellular antigen is needed throughout the induction period.

The induction period is not observed when soluble form of HGG is followed by HGG in adjuvant in the same animal. This is probably due to a competition between soluble and adjuvant forms of the antigen.
Detonation wave velocity and curvature of IRX-4 and PBXN-110 (1996)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation E. R. Lemar, J. W. Forbes, G. T. Sutherland; Detonation wave velocity and curvature of IRX-4 and PBXN-110. AIP Conf. Proc. 5 May 1996; 370 (1): 791–794. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.50605 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
An FPT Algorithm for Bipartite Vertex Splitting (2022)

Bipartite graphs model the relationship between two disjoint sets of objects. They have a wide range of applications and are often visualized as a 2-layered drawing, where each set of objects is visualized as a set of vertices (points) on one of the two parallel horizontal lines and the relationships are represented by edges (simple curves) between the two lines connecting the corresponding vertices. One of the common objectives in such drawings is to minimize the number of crossings this, however, is computationally expensive and may still result in drawings with so many crossings that they affect the readability of the drawing. We consider a recent approach to remove crossings in such visualizations by splitting vertices, where the goal is to find the minimum number of vertices to be split to obtain a planar drawing. We show that determining whether a planar drawing exists after splitting at most $k$ vertices is fixed parameter tractable in $k$.
Modification of Phenylalanyl‐tRNA Synthetase from <i>Escherichia coli</i> by Histidine‐Specific Reagents (1974)

Phenylalanyl‐tRNA synthetase from Escherichia coli was subjected to chemical modification with diethylpyrocarbonate at pH 6.0 and to photochemical oxidation in the presence of rose Bengal, both methods giving rise to loss of enzymic activity. The highly sensitive reaction of the enzyme with either reagent is pseudo‐first order. The specificity of the modification methods employed has been investigated. All substrates were studied for their ability to protect the enzyme against inactivation. Presence of phenylalanine, ATP and Mg 2+ provides the most pronounced effect. Under this condition the tRNA‐aminoacylation activity may be completely abolished, whereas the pyrophosphate–ATP exchange activity is only partly affected. However, such enzyme is still able to form a specific complex with tRNA Phe . The results presented therefore suggest that histidine residues of phenylalanyl‐tRNA synthetase accessible to modification by diethylpyrocarbonate or to photooxidation do not seem to be involved in the binding of tRNA but might possibly take part in the esterification reaction. Quantitative analysis showed that a total of 50 histidine residues are accessible to diethylpyrocarbonate in the unprotected enzyme under non‐denaturing conditions. In the presence of phenylalanine, ATP and Mg 2+ the loss of aminoacylation activity is correlated with the modification of 2–4 residues. During extensive modification of the enzyme a dissociation process takes place. It was found that the observed loss of quaternary structure is not correlated with the decrease of the aminoacylation activity of the enzyme upon modification.
Thermodynamic Effect on Sub-Synchronous Rotating Cavitation and Surge Mode Oscillation in a Space Inducer (2009)

The relationship between the thermodynamic effect and sub-synchronous rotating cavitation was investigated with a focus on cavity fluctuations. Experiments on a three-bladed inducer were conducted with liquid nitrogen at different temperatures (74 K, 78K and 83 K) to confirm the dependence of the thermodynamic effects. Sub-synchronous rotating cavitation appeared at lower cavitation numbers in liquid nitrogen at 74 K, the same as in cold water. In contrast, in liquid nitrogen at 83 K, the occurrence of sub-synchronous rotating cavitation was suppressed because of the increase of the thermodynamic effect due to the rising temperature. Furthermore, unevenness of cavity length under synchronous rotating cavitation at 83 K was also decreased by the thermodynamic effect. However, surge mode oscillation occurred simultaneously under this weakened synchronous rotating cavitation. Cavity lengths on the blades oscillated with the same phase and maintained the uneven cavity pattern. It was inferred that the thermodynamic effect weakened the peripheral cavitation instability, i.e., synchronous rotating cavitation, and thus axial cavitation instability, i.e., surge mode oscillation, was easily induced due to the synchronization of the cavity fluctuation with an acoustic resonance in the present experimental inlet-pipe system.
Current sensing using circularly birefringent twisted solid-core photonic crystal fiber (2016)

Continuously twisted solid-core photonic crystal fiber (PCF) exhibits pure circular birefringence (optical activity), making it ideal for current sensors based on the Faraday effect. By numerical analysis, we identify the PCF geometry for which the circular birefringence (which scales linearly with twist rate) is a maximum. For silica-air PCF, this occurs at a shape parameter (diameter-to-spacing ratio of the hollow channels) of 0.37 and a scale parameter (spacing-to-wavelength) of 1.51. This result is confirmed experimentally by testing a range of different structures. To demonstrate the effectiveness of twisted PCF as a current sensor, a length of fiber is placed on the axis of a 7.6 cm long solenoid, and the Faraday rotation is measured at different values of dc current. The system is then used to chart the wavelength dependence of the Verdet constant.