gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of spatially correlated acoustic–tactile information on judgments of auditory circular direction (2002)

Cohen, Lamothe, Fleming, MacIsaac, and Lamoureux [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 109, 2460 (2001)] reported that proximity governed circular direction judgments (clockwise/counterclockwise) of two successive tones emanating from all pairs of 12 speakers located at 30-degree intervals around a listeners’ head (cranium). Many listeners appeared to experience systematic front–back confusion. Diametrically opposed locations (180-degrees—theoretically ambiguous direction) produced a direction bias pattern resembling Deutsch’s tritone paradox [Deutsch, Kuyper, and Fisher, Music Percept. 5, 7992 (1987)]. In Experiment 1 of the present study, the circular direction task was conducted in the tactile domain using 12 circumcranial points of vibration. For all 5 participants, proximity governed direction (without front–back confusion) and a simple clockwise bias was shown for 180-degree pairs. Experiment 2 tested 9 new participants in one unimodal auditory condition and two bimodal auditory–tactile conditions (spatially-correlated/spatially-uncorrelated). Correlated auditory–tactile information eliminated front–back confusion for 8 participants and replaced the ‘‘paradoxical’’ bias for 180-degree pairs with the clockwise bias. Thus, spatially correlated audio–tactile location information improves the veridical representation of 360-degree acoustic space, and modality-specific principles are implicated by the unique circular direction bias patterns for 180-degree pairs in the separate auditory and tactile modalities. [Work supported by NSERC.]
Immunoglobulin production by embryonic tissues: thymus independent (1969)

Previous reports (1,2) have shown that cells capable of producing immunoglobulins are present in the liver of the mouse embryo by the fourteenth day of gestation. When transferred to lethally irradiated hosts, these lymphoid precursors, while dependent upon intact thymic function for their ability to produce detectable specific antibody in response to antigenic stimulation were able to synthesize immunoglobulins in the absence of the thymus. These findings suggested that while the thymus may promote the ability of these lymphoid precursors to form specific antibody, immunoglobulin synthesis per se is independent of the thymus. The initial experiments, however, did not rule out the possibility that the transferred cells may in fact have been post-thymic cells with previously determined antigenic commitment. That is, the immunoglobulins produced by these cells could have been antibodies to antigens contacted shortly after transfer. In this report it will be shown that cells which have the potential to produ...
Renal Response to Acidosis During Anesthesia and Operation (1961)

HUTCHIN, PETER M.D.; MCLAUGHLIN, JOSEPH S. M.D.; HAYES, MARK A. M.D. Author Information
The relationship between delirium duration, white matter integrity, and cognitive impairment in intensive care unit survivors as determined by diffusion tensor imaging (2012)

In this pilot investigation, delirium duration in the intensive care unit was associated with white matter disruption at both discharge and 3 months. Similarly, white matter disruption was associated with worse cognitive scores up to 12 months later. This hypothesis-generating investigation may help design future studies to explore these complex relationships in greater depth.
COHERENT OSCILLATIONS FROM Tm3+, Ho3+, Yb3+ and Er3+ IONS IN YTTRIUM ALUMINUM GARNET (1965)

First Page
BNL neutral beam development group. Progress report, FY 1979 (1980)

The objective of the BNL Neutral Beam Program is to develop a 250 keV neutral beam system suitable for heating experiments in toroidal or mirror plasma devices. The system will be based on acceleration and neutralization of negative hydrogen ions produced in and directly extracted from a source. The objective of source studies is to develop a unit delivering 10 A of negative ion currents in pulses of 1 s duration or longer, operating with extracted current densities of at least 0.5 A/cm/sup 2/ and having acceptable power and gas efficiencies and good beam optics. The 250 keV accelerator development work covers different structures, including those separated from the source by a bending magnet or a beam transfer system. During FY 1979 substantial progress was achieved toward the objectives of the program; in the same period the BNL program was reviewed by a panel, resulting in suggestions for a better orientation toward prospective users' requirements and in establishment of contacts with Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (TFTR Project) and Lawrence Berkeley and Livermore Laboratories (MFTF Project). A cooperative effort with Westinghouse was initiated in the second half of FY 1979 in order to utilize industrial facilities and expertise.
Step propagation of filamentary streamers in dielectric liquids (2002)

By considering the streamer filament as a cylindrical channel, we evaluate the electrical charge at its head and the local electric field. We further discuss the mode of the propagation of the streamer, i.e. by steps or continuous. The order of magnitude of the charge associated with each step of propagation is in satisfactory agreement with experimental data. The partial displacement corresponding to each step of propagation is under the dependence of the local electric field. The streamer velocity for each step of propagation increases when the charge and/or the voltage increase. Since the values of elementary charges are nearly equal when the streamer propagates in the first half to the two-thirds of the electrode gap, the local electric field remains nearly constant, and the corresponding partial displacements will be constant. Therefore, the propagation appears as constant even the streamer propagates by steps. Moreover, the more conducting the streamers, the faster they are. The occurring mechanisms are also discussed. In closing, we discuss the role of space charges in the propagation of streamers.
Efficient and Practical Synthesis of (<i>R</i>)-2-Methylpyrrolidine (2006)

An efficient, practical, and high yielding synthesis of (R)-2-methylpyrrolidine is described. The sequence allows for the scalable preparation of the target compound in just four synthetic steps and proceeds in 83% overall yield and >99% optical purity from readily available starting materials.
Reversible Diels‐Alder Chemistry as a Modular Polymeric Color Switch (2010)

A fully reversible polymeric color-switch system based on reversible Diels-Alder chemistry between cyclopentadienyl capped polymers and highly electron deficient dithioesters is described. The detailed reaction progress could be mapped on a molecular level for several complete switching cycles and was underpinned by an ESI-MS study.
Vitreous Surgery (1967)

TRACTION on the retina from vitreous bands and membranes may result in failure of retinal detachment surgery. Part I of this report is concerned with methods of producing membranes in the vitreous cavity of the rabbit and with the evaluation of techniques and instruments1-10for visualizing and cutting them. Part II describes a technique and an instrument designed for cutting vitreous membranes in humans. Methods Seventeen male and 12 female albino rabbits, each weighing over 2 kg, were used in this study. The rabbits were anesthetized with pentobarbital administered intravenously, and the pupils were maximally dilated with phenylephrine. Membranes were produced in the vitreous cavity of 58 eyes by one of the three following methods. In 21 eyes, vitreous hemorrhage was caused by perforating a large choroidal blood vessel. A 25-gauge needle was inserted through the pars plana ciliaris and directed under ophthalmoscopic control to the vessel. In 27
Automatic Detection of Rare Observations During Production Tests Using Statistical Models (2020)

Engines are verified through production tests before delivering them to customers. During those tests, lot of measures are taken on different parts of the engine, considering multiple physical parameters. Unexpected measures can be observed. For this very reason, it is important to assess if these unusual observations are statistically significant.However, anomaly detection is a difficult problem in unsupervised learning. The obvious reason is that, unlike supervised classification, there is no ground truth against which we could evaluate results. Therefore, we propose a methodology based on two independent statistical algorithms to double check our results. One approach is the Isolation Forest (IF) model which is specific to anomaly detection and able to handle a large number of variables. The goal of the algorithm is to find rare items, events or observations which raise suspicions by differing significantly from the majority of the data and, at the same time, it discriminates non-informative variables to improve. One main issue of IF is its lack of interpretability. Within this scope, we extend the shapley values, interpretation indicators, to the unsupervised context to interpret the model outputs.The second approach is the Self-Organizing Map (SOM) model which has nice properties for data mining by providing both clustering and visual representation. The performance of the method and its interpretability depends on the chosen subset of variables. In this respect, we first implement a sparse-weighted K-means to reduce the input space, allowing the SOM to give an interpretable discretized representation.We apply the two methodologies on data on aircraft engines measurements. Both approaches show similar results which are easily interpretable and exploitable by the experts.
A Numerical and Experimental Study of Reaction Front Propagation in Condensed Phase Systems (1988)

Certain noncatalytic exothermic chemical reactions of the type solid-solid characterized by high values of activation energy and heat of reaction represent an example of strongly nonlinear chemically reacting systems. In these systems different types of propagating waves can be observed such as constant pattern, planar pulsating, and rotating waves. Numerical simulations in two and three spatial dimensions predict, qualitatively, the same behavior as experimentally observed. For geometrically large systems multihead spinning or erratic waves occur, which bifurcate from a planar pulsating front. In nonadiabatic systems the spinning wave is more resistant to extinction than the one-dimensional planar pulsating front.
A case of red cell membrane defect with distal renal tubular acidosis presenting as recurrent nephrolithiasis (2011)

A 10-year-old male child who presented with nephrolithiasis due to distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) was found to have red blood cell (RBC) membrane defect as well. On review of literature, we found that both the conditions are caused by mutations in anion exchanger gene 1 (AE1) on chromosome 17 which is expressed on the RBC membrane and on the membrane of renal tubule alfa intercalated cell. It has now been shown that some AE1 mutations are responsible for causing autosomal-recessive dRTA. These patients should be either homozygous or double heterozygous with other AE1 mutations, one of which is the SAO (Southeast Asian ovalocytosis) mutation. In the latter situation, both the phenotypes, that is, dRTA and RBC membrane defect will coexist in the same patient.
Enzyme Inhibition (2010)

Abstract The inhibition of the metabolism of one drug by another drug taken concurrently by the patient has now been shown to be a very important cause of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The potential for drugs to interact with one another by competing for metabolism by the same drug‐metabolizing enzyme continues to be a significant health concern. The article discusses approaches for the prediction of possible drug‐drug interactions resulting from inhibition of the drug‐metabolizing enzymes.
Sleepiness in Parkinson's disease: A controlled study (2003)

Sudden-onset sleep episodes while driving have been reported in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, and termed sleep attacks because they were reported to be irresistible and to occur without warning. We postulate that these episodes are due to excessive daytime sleepiness secondary to the high frequency of sleep disorders in PD patients and the sedative effects of dopaminergic medications. We assessed the frequency and relationship between excess daytime sleepiness and sleep episodes while driving (SE) in patients with PD. We evaluated 101 consecutive PD patients presenting to the Movement Disorder Center at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine using a questionnaire that incorporated a subjective estimate of sleepiness, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and information on disease severity and dopaminergic medications. One hundred age-matched respondents without PD served as a control population. Excess daytime sleepiness was reported in 76% of PD patients compared to 47% of controls (P < 0.05). The mean ESS scores for PD patients was 9.1 +/- 6.1 versus 5.7 +/- 4.4 in controls (P < 0.001). ESS scores > or =10 were observed in 40.6% of PD patients compared to 19% of controls (P < 0.01) and 24% of PD patients had scores > or =15, compared to 5% of controls (P < 0.001). Sleep episodes while driving were experienced by 20.8% of PD drivers compared to 6% of control drivers (P < 0.05). The mean daily levodopa (L-dopa) dose equivalent was 1,142 +/- 858 mg in PD drivers who experienced a SE while driving compared to 626 +/- 667 mg in those who had not (P < 0.05). Similarly, ESS was significantly greater in drivers with a SE than in those without (11.6 +/- 6.4 vs. 8.4 +/- 4.1; P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that ESS and mean daily L-dopa dose equivalents were predictors of sleep episodes while driving, whereas age, gender, disease severity, and individual dopaminergic agents were not. These findings support the notion that sleep episodes while driving in PD patients are related to excess daytime sleepiness and dopaminergic load. Physicians should advise and treat patients accordingly.
Statistical Evaluation of Multipath Component Lifetime in the Car-to-Car Channel at Urban Street Intersections Based on Geometrical Tracking (2012)

In this paper we present a statistical evaluation of the lifetime of multipath components for the vehicular radio channel. We introduce a new identification and tracking algorithm. The algorithm follows a geometrical approach exploiting the high scatterer resolution in the measurement data and takes as an estimation basis considerations on the relative movement of the scatterer. We subsequently apply the algorithm to evaluate the measured data. We use wideband channel measurement data collected at urban street intersections under NLOS-conditions. We sequentially evaluate weighted interrelations between detected contributions in the time-delay domain and decide on common underlying scatterers or not. We suggest a classification of distinct and diffuse contributions by means of a threshold with respect to lifetime and discuss on their temporal characteristics, based on an exemplary measurement with typical values. In specific we characterize the lifetime by means of a probability density function and further examine the relation of lifetime and power level of the multipath contribution.
Optical performance monitoring of QPSK data channels by use of neural networks trained with parameters derived from asynchronous constellation diagrams (2010)

We demonstrate a technique for performance monitoring of quadrature phase-shift keying data channels by simultaneously identifying optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR), chromatic dispersion (CD), and polarization-mode dispersion (PMD) using neural networks trained with parameters derived from asynchronous constellation diagrams. A correlation coefficient of 0.987 is reported for a set of testing data from a 40 Gbps return-to-zero, quadrature phase-shift keying (RZ-QPSK) system. The root-mean-square (RMS) errors are 0.77 dB for OSNR, 18.71 ps/nm for CD, and 1.17 ps for DGD.
Synthesis of reciprocal piecewise-linear n-port resistors (1980)

Every reciprocal <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</tex> -port resistor represented by a continuous <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</tex> -dimensional piecewise-linear function as described in (12) is shown to be realizable by a circuit containing only 2-terminal piecewise-linear resistors and a <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">(p + q)</tex> -port transformer. An explicit circuit realization is given along with illustrative examples. The necessary and sufficient conditions under which this realization contains only passive elements are also given.
Ultra wide range tunable delay line using dynamic grating reflectors in optical fibers (2010)

We experimentally demonstrate a novel technique to realize a tunable delay line based on dynamic Brillouin gratings in a high birefringence fiber. A 8ns pulse signal is continuously delayed up to 184ns with minor distortion.
Myc-Driven Glycolysis Is a Therapeutic Target in Glioblastoma (2016)

Myc activation in glioblastoma generates a dependency on glycolysis and an addiction to metabolites required for glycolysis. Glycolytic inhibition via NAMPT inhibition represents a novel metabolically targeted therapeutic strategy for MYC or MYCN-amplified glioblastoma and potentially other cancers genetically driven by Myc. Clin Cancer Res; 22(17); 4452-65. ©2016 AACR.
Transformation to zero offset in transversely isotropic media (1995)

Nearly all dip moveout correction (DMO) implementations to date assume isotropic homogeneous media. Usually, this has been acceptable considering the tremendous cost savings of homogeneous isotropic DMO and considering the difficulty of obtaining the anisotropy parameters required for effective implementation. In the presence of typical anisotropy, however, ignoring the anisotropy can yield inadequate results. Since anisotropy may introduce large deviations from hyperbolic moveout, accurate transformation to zero-offset in anisotropic media should address such nonhyperbolic moveout behavior of reflections. Artley and Hale`s (1994) v(z) ray tracing-based DMO, developed for isotropic media, provides an attractive approach to treating such problems. By using a ray-tracing procedure crafted for anisotropic media, the author modifies some aspects of Artley and Hale`s DMO so that it can work for v(z) anisotropic media. Application of this anisotropic DMO to data from offshore Africa resulted in a considerably better alignment of reflections from horizontal and dipping reflectors in common-midpoint gather than that obtained using an isotropic DMO. Even the presence of vertical inhomogeneity in this medium could not eliminate the importance of considering the shale induced anisotropy.
Effect of film morphology on oxygen and water interaction with copper phthalocyanine (2016)

Copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) films of thickness 25 nm and 100 nm were grown by thermal sublimation at 25°C, 150°C, and 250°C in order to vary morphology. Using a source-measure unit and a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), we measured changes in electrical resistance and film mass in situ during exposure to controlled pulses of O<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O vapor. Mass loading by O<sub>2</sub> was enhanced by a factor of 5 in films deposited at 250°C, possibly due to the ~200°C CuPc α→β transition which allows higher O<sub>2</sub> mobility between stacked molecules. While gas/vapor sorption occurred over timescales of < 10 minutes, resistance change occurred over timescales < 1 hour, suggesting that mass change occurs by rapid adsorption at active surface sites, whereas resistive response is dominated by slow diffusion of adsorbates into the film bulk. Resistive response generally increases with film deposition temperature due to increased porosity associated with larger crystalline domains. The 25 nm thick films exhibit higher resistive response than 100 nm thick films after an hour of O<sub>2</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>O exposure due to the smaller analyte diffusion length required for reaching the film/electrode interface. We found evidence of decoupling of CuPc from the gold-coated QCM crystal due to preferential adsorption of O<sub>2</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>O molecules on gold, which is consistent with findings of other studies.
Les invertébrés des carrières souterraines de craie de la Montagne Saint-Pierre (Province de Liège, Belgique). Note préliminaire (2005)

peer reviewed
C–V Profiles (1999)

Abstract The sections in this article are Capacitance and Semiconductor Devices Capacitance of Semiconductor Devices Doping Profiles Surface States Response Time C – V Profiling on Wide Band‐GAP Semiconductor Substrates
Cytotoxic C<sub>47</sub>-Polyacetylene Carboxylic Acids from a Marine Sponge <i>Pertrosia</i> sp. (2007)

Two new polyacetylene carboxylic acids, petroformynic acids B (3) and C (4), were isolated from a marine sponge Pertrosia sp. as cytotoxic constituents. Their structures were determined by interpretation of 2D NMR data and tandem FABMS data. Absolute stereochemistry of 3 was assigned by application of the modified Mosher analysis. Petroformynic acids exhibit moderate cytotoxic activity against P388 cells.
<font>He</font> INCORPORATION INTO SMALL CAGE COMPOUNDS: A COMPUTATIONAL STUDY (2003)

Endohedral cage compounds have been considered as possible candidate species for molecular memories. One class of such endohedrals is represented by cage complexes with encapsulated He. They have been vigorously studied and recently He@C 20 H 20 has been prepared as the yet smallest member of the family. In this report, computations are carried out on three hypothetical endohedral systems: He@C 14 H 16 (iso-garudane and garudane cages), He@C 20 , and compared with the available He@C 60 and He@C 20 H 20 species. Geometry optimizations are followed by computations of 3 He NMR shifts — a useful tool for observation of He-encapsulates. The geometry optimizations can produce local energy minima for the endohedral systems, though He@C 14 H 16 must obviously be less likely than He@C 20 H 20 as they require a larger cage expansion. The computed 3 He NMR shifts are quite sensitive to the cage environment. Kinetic stabilization of He-encapsulates is also discussed.
MC-CDMA performance in the presence of carrier frequency offset, sample clock offset and IQ imbalance (2005)

New air interfaces are currently being developed to meet the high requirements of the emerging wireless communication systems. In this context, MC-CDMA is seen as a promising candidate for the 4G cellular communication systems since it can interestingly deal with the multipath propagation. The goal of this paper is to evaluate the impact of the carrier frequency offset, the sampling clock offset and IQ imbalance on the MC-CDMA downlink system performance, considering a receiver based on channel tracking designed to cope with high mobility conditions. It is demonstrated that part of the effects is compensated by the channel estimation and an expression of the variance of the remaining error is provided. For the setup considered in this paper, mostly IQ imbalance degrades the performance. On the other hand, the impact of sample clock offset is negligible with respect to the one of carrier frequency offset.
Studies on the Synthesis of Dihydrokainic Acid and Related Compounds. XI (1959)

Catalytic reduction of a nitrile over palladium-carbon, in the presence of hydro-chloric acid, was found to reduce the nitrile to a primary alcohol, and examinations were made to find what kind of compounds underwent this reaction. As far as the present series of experiments are concerned, the nitrile group is reduced to the primary alcohol group when basic nitrogen atom is present in the position alpha to the nitrile group. It was also revealed that the condensate of ketones and ethyl cyanoacetate, i. e. nitriles having the structure of the type =C (CN)-COOC2H5, are also reduced to the primary alcohol when this double bond is difficult to be saturated.