gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Measurement of Strains at Si-SiO2 Interface (1966)

When Si is thermally oxidized, the SiO2 resulting is in a state of compression on the surface. This paper reports an experimental determination of the magnitude of this stress and its dependence on the temperature of oxidation. Samples of (111)- and (100)-oriented Si were oxidized at several temperatures between 875°–1200°C to thicknesses of 2000 Å-20 000 Å. Stress determination was made by two techniques: (a) the thin Si sample was used as a beam, and the amount of bowing under the strain exerted by oxide left on one surface was measured; (b) the unsupported SiO2 window was used as a balloon, and strain was measured as a function of air pressure inflating the balloon. Results of these measurements are in agreement with the stress expected from thermal mismatch of Si and SiO2. For an oxidation carried out at 1200°C the measured stress is 3.1×109 dyn/cm2. The data from the SiO2 balloons showed that the strain grown in the oxide was greater than 10−3. In addition, determination was made of Young's modulus from the stress-strain curves of the unsupported films. The value of 6.6×1011 dyn/cm2 obtained compares favorably with the value 7±1.5 1011 dyn/cm2 found for silicate glasses. Some implications of this stress are briefly discussed. Dislocation generation at borders of holes cut into oxide, bowing and slip processes of slices, impurity segregation, and precipitation are all possible results of this mismatch between the two materials.
TLR2 Mediates Recognition of Live Staphylococcus epidermidis and Clearance of Bacteremia (2010)

TLR2 mediates recognition of live SE and clearance of SE bacteremia in vivo.
In vitro stability of insulin-loaded erythrocytes after freezing storage. (1989)

In order to clarify the utility of resealed erythrocytes as a cell carrier of insulin the freezing stabilities of loaded cells encapsulating two different amounts of insulin (about 0.1 and 7.0 IU/ml of packed cells) were investigated in an anti-freezing reagent containing a high concentration of glycerol at -80 degrees C. After storing for 1 week under the above condition the preparation was thawed at 37 degrees C. Although the osmotic resistance of the loaded cells was lowered more than that of intact cells, the freezing and thawing treatment did not change the resistance of the loaded cells to osmotic shock. Recoveries of hemoglobin from loaded cells with a low insulin content (0.1 IU/ml of cells) and the cell volume after freezing and thawing were similar to those from intact cells and the cells resealed without insulin. However, the recovery of insulin from the cells with a high insulin content (7.0 IU/ml of cells) was the same as that from one with a low insulin content (about 16%). In the in vitro stability experiment at 37 degrees C the insulin content in the loaded cells decreased according to a biexponential function. The considerable fraction of the loaded cells were lysed by freezing and thawing. In the in vitro stability experiment the decline curve of insulin in the cells showed apparently monoexponential kinetics. From these results, it was established that insulin-loaded erythrocytes may be stored in a high concentration of glycerol under freezing at -80 degrees C, although a partial decrease in the stability of cells was observed after thawing.
Proceedings for Scandinavian Conference in Health Informatics : Arendal, Norway 23-25 august 2004 (2004)

Denne publikasjonen er en samling av vitenskaplige presentasjoner og prosjektpresentasjoner\nsom blir presentert på konferansen "Scandinavian Conference in Health Informatics 2004"\nsom arrangeres av Høgskolen i Agder og Aalborg Universitet i Arendal 23-25 august 2004.\nHensikten med konferansen:\n• Informasjonsspredning\n• Danne og opprettholde nettverk\n• Fokusere på klinisk anvendelse av IT\n• Stimulere til samvirke mellom forskning, utdanning, utvikling og klinisk bruk av informatikk innen\nhelsesektoren.Skriftserien nr 100
Stretching of a monolithic silicon-based sensor network for large area embedded structural health monitoring (2007)

A concept of stretchable silicon-based sensor networks for large area coverage was recently proposed. These networks are fabricated using standard silicon foundry processing. Their area can be stretched by several orders of magnitude because they are structured as two-dimensional networks of circuit nodes interconnected by springs. The use of foundry silicon means that a large amount of electronic functionality (amplifiers, processors, wireless communication) can be integrated into the sensor network. This will ultimately lead to low-power, high-performance, low-cost smart materials with embedded sensor networks that sense structural parameters on very fine scale (millimetres). To facilitate the concept development, an investigation was performed to evaluate the mechanical performance of stretching a silicon-based network with emphasis on a particular network pattern, in which the sensor nodes in the network remain stationary while the network is being stretched. To support the design and validate finite-element models, a micro-scale force measurement device was designed and built into the network. The network can be deployed by unrolling the spiral wires up to its final size that is in several orders of magnitude higher than the original size giving rise to a regular array. Since the stretchable silicon sensor networks are built entirely from silicon and since the smallest dimensions are microns, special handling is required to prevent damaging the networks. Techniques were developed to pick up and transfer the extremely thin and flexible network from the parent substrate to other substrate. A built-in force measurement device was used to monitor the force as low as a few micro-Newton while stretching. This study demonstrates a procedure for the transfer/ stretching of the networks and shows that the proposed network pattern is stable during its wire unrolling process. We anticipate that the proposed network pattern can be scaled up without difficulty.
Studies on Phenolic Steroids in Human Subjects: VI. Biosynthesis of Estriolglucosiduronic Acid-16-<sup>14</sup>C by Human Liver1 (1964)

Incubation of homogenates of human liver with uridinediphosphoglucosiduronic acid and estriol leads to the probable formation of estriol-16α-β-d-glucopyranosiduronic acid. The inclusion of uridinediphospho-N-acetylglucosamine in the incubation mixture increases the yield of conjugate. Competition experiments indicate that the 16α-transglucuronidase is probably a separate entity from the 3α-transferase. Optimal conditions for the reaction are investigated and a unit of enzyme activity is denned.
Suppression of magnetic granularity by transport current in (Bi,Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3O<i>x</i> tapes (1995)

Using the magneto-optical technique, transport current flow in (Bi,Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox (BSCCO) Ag-sheathed tapes has been imaged. For zero transport current, I, the magnetization currents display a pronounced macroscopic magnetic granularity (on a scale larger than the actual grain size) characterized by a percolative distribution of current loops. By applying I≊0.8Ic this granular behavior was largely replaced by a more uniform current flow. Due to the significant dependence of Ic on E in BSCCO, the extent to which the magnetic granularity is observed strongly depends on the magnetic prehistory and on the electric field E, whose characteristic values are very different for magnetization and transport measurements.
The oxygen-independent coproporphyrinogen III oxidase HemN utilizes harderoporphyrinogen as a reaction intermediate during conversion of coproporphyrinogen III to protoporphyrinogen IX (2009)

During heme biosynthesis the oxygen-independent coproporphyrinogen III oxidase HemN catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of the two propionate side chains on rings A and B of coproporphyrinogen III to the corresponding vinyl groups to yield protoporphyrinogen IX. Here, the sequence of the two decarboxylation steps during HemN catalysis was investigated. A reaction intermediate of HemN activity was isolated by HPLC analysis and identified as monovinyltripropionic acid porphyrin by mass spectrometry. This monovinylic reaction intermediate exhibited identical chromatographic behavior during HPLC analysis as harderoporphyrin (3-vinyl-8,13,17-tripropionic acid-2,7,12,18-tetramethylporphyrin). Furthermore, HemN was able to utilize chemically synthesized harderoporphyrinogen as substrate and converted it to protoporphyrinogen IX. These results suggest that during HemN catalysis the propionate side chain of ring A of coproporphyrinogen III is decarboxylated prior to that of ring B.
Complement Activation by HIV-1–Infected Cells (1997)

To characterize the mechanisms of complement activation by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected cells, Cl-4 cells stably expressing the envelope glycoproteins of HIV-1 and the parent African green monkey cell line CV-1 were tested for C1q binding and complement activation. While the parent cell line CV-1 only showed a weak spontaneous activation of the alternative pathway, Cl-4 cells additionally triggered the classical pathway of complement activation independent of anti-HIV antibodies by direct C1q binding. Earlier studies had shown different complement activating potential of cells infected with various HIV isolates. Recombinant soluble CD4-induced shedding of gp120 from the surface of HIV-1-infected cells converted a weak activator isolate (MVP-899) into a strong complement activator. The increase in complement activation was paralleled by the concomitant unmasking of a previously hidden gp41 epitope comprising the major complement-activating domain of gp41 (aa. 601-613). Our results strongly suggest that the transmembrane protein gp41 induces the activation of complement on the surface of infected cells as has been described previously for purified HIV-1 virions. Furthermore, we present evidence that the different potential of HIV isolates to activate the complement system on the cell surface is caused by different degrees of spontaneous gp120 shedding by various HIV isolates.
Impedance control of a teleoperated mini excavator (2002)

A position-based impedance controller for excavator-type manipulators has been developed in our laboratory. This paper describes the proposed impedance controller and presents supporting experimental results. First, the problem of impedance control for a single hydraulic actuator is addressed and a method is presented for stability analysis. Steady-state position and force tracking of the closed loop system is also studied. Then, the desired impedance of the end-effector (bucket of the excavator) is mapped onto the hydraulic cylinders using the arm Jacobian and accurate estimates of the arm inertial and gravity terms. A nonconservative method is presented for predicting stability of the multivariable closed loop system. Experiments with an instrumented mini excavator (for the single cylinder case) show that the designed impedance controller has a good performance.
New spectrofluorimetric method for determination of cephalosporins in pharmaceutical formulations (2012)

A simple, accurate, precise spectrofluorimetric method has been proposed for the determination of three cephalosporins, namely, cefixime (cefi), cephalexine (ceph), and cefotaxime sodium (cefo) in pharmaceutical formulations. This method is based on a reaction between cephalosporins with 8-hydroxy-1,3,6-pyrenetrisulfonic acid trisodium salt (HPTS) in alkaline medium, at pH 12.0 for cefi and 13.0 for ceph and cefo to give highly fluorescent derivatives extracted with chloroform and subsequent measurements of the formed fluorescent products at 520, 500 and 510 nm after excitation at 480, 470 and 480 nm for cefi, ceph and cefo respectively. The optimum experimental conditions have been studied. Beer's law is obeyed over concentrations of 10-60 ng/mL, 5-35 ng/mL and 10-60 ng/mL for cefi, ceph and cefo, respectively. The detection limits were 4.20 ng/mL, 2.54 ng/mL and 4.09 ng/mL for cefi, ceph and cefo, respectively, with a linear regression correlation coefficient of 0.99783, 0.99705 and 0.9978 and recoveries in ranges 96.96-105.77, 96.13-102.55 and 95.45-105.39% for cefi, ceph and cefo, respectively. This method is simple and can be applied for the determination of cefi, ceph and cefo in pharmaceutical formulations in quality control laboratories.
Simulation of modulated reflections (2010)

In a modulated crystal, the repeating unit is not periodic but contains a disorder of the molecules that can sometimes be described with a mathematical function. In the diffraction pattern from such a modulated crystal the standard periodic main reflections are flanked by satellite reflections. Generally, incommensurately modulated crystal diffraction cannot be simply described using integers along the reciprocal-lattice directions. However, in the special commensurate case where the satellite spacing is rational relative to the main reflections, a supercell can be used to describe the modulation. Using a supercell allows structural processing to proceed in a `normal' fashion but with the downside of dealing with many more atoms. Not much is known about the relationship between a highly modulated macromolecular crystal and the resulting satellite intensities so in this study a modulated protein crystal was simulated using a supercell approach. The protein superstructure was modulated to varying degrees and the resultant diffraction patterns and electron-density maps were studied to understand better how a modulation may manifest itself in real protein data. In the case that was evaluated, relatively small structural modulation resulted in significant satellite intensities. Interesting cases were observed where extinguished main reflections had strong satellites.
[Treatment of capillary hemangiomas by infrared contact coagulation]. (1981)

Twenty-two patients with a total of 29 hemangiomas or angiomatous lesions were treated with an infrared light coagulating device. Total clearing of the lesions was obtained with capillary hemangiomas smaller than 1 cm in diameter. Distinct improvement is achieved in senile angiomas, spider nevi and capillary hemangiomas with more than 1 cm in diameter. Using the correct dosages this therapy is nearly free of side effects and represents a practicable alternative to conventional methods.
Issues and Approaches for Hydrocarbon Systems Analysis in Tertiary Deltas – What we have Learned: Examples from Deepwater Nigeria (2006)

One consequence of the search for new exploration opportunities has been a push into higher-risk areas of known hydrocarbon provinces.
Relation between Schottky Barrier Height and Crystallographic Alignment at Al/Si Interfaces. (1994)

Al/Si界面は,Siデバイスのコンタクトに用いられる工学的に重要な界面であるが, ショットキー障壁の形成機構など基礎的な理解は十分ではない。著者らは, Si基板上にエピタキシャルおよび非エピタキシャルのAl薄膜を, 低温MBEを用いて形成し,両者のショットキー障壁高さ (SBH) を比較した。その結果, Si(111), Si(100)どちらの基板を用いた場合でも, エピタキシャル界面でのフェルミ準位のピニング位置が, 非エピタキシャル界面のそれに比べて高くなることが明らかとなった。このピニング位置の違いは, エピタキシャル界面のほうがエネルギー的に安定であることを示唆しており, 熱処理によるSBHの変化の様子においても, この予想を支持する結果が得られた。本解説では, これまでのAl/Siショットキー界面の研究を概観した後, AlとSiの結晶方位関係とSBHとの相関に関する著者らの研究について紹介する。
Cardiovascular Pharmacological Studies on JTV-506, a New Potassium Channel Opener 2nd Communication: Effects on blood pressure in conscious animals (2011)

The effects of JTV-506 ((-)-(3S,4R)-2,2-bis(methoxymethyl)-4-[(1,6-dihydro-1-methyl-6-oxo-3- pyridazinyl)amino]-3-hydroxychroman-6-carbonitrile hemihydrate, CAS 170148-29-5), a novel coronary vasodilator, on blood pressure were evaluated in conscious dogs and rats. In conscious dogs, JTV-506 (0.01-1 mg/kg p.o.), levcromakalim (0.01-1 mg/kg p.o.) and nifedipine (3-30 mg/kg p.o.) elicited an increase in double product, whereas nicorandil (1-10 mg/kg p.o.) did not affect the double product. The JTV-506-induced increase in double product was abolished by a beta-blocker, propranolol, suggesting that this increase in double product may be due to augumentation of heart rate by sympathetic nerves which mediate the baroreflex. The doses at which JTV-506 increased coronary blood flow in a previous study were lower than the doses required to increase the double product. JTV-506 did not have a crucial influence on electrocardiogram. In conscious rats, orally administered JTV-506, levcromakalim, nicorandil and nifedipine reduced blood pressure and increased heart rate dose dependently. These effects were more remarkable in hypertensive rats than in normotensive rats. JTV-506, a new potassium channel opener, seems to be relatively free of any hemodynamic effects.
Trialkali salts of N-acetyl-.alpha.-benzoylacetamide. Condensations with certain electrophilic reagents (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTrialkali salts of N-acetyl-.alpha.-benzoylacetamide. Condensations with certain electrophilic reagentsJames F. Wolfe and Chung-Ling MaoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1967, 32, 6, 1977–1981Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01281a061https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01281a061research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views55Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Codon-induced tRNA association: quantitative analysis by sedimentation equilibrium (1982)

It is shown by measurements of the sedimentation equilibrium that binding of the codon UUC to tRNAPhe from yeast induces an association of tRNA molecules. Sedimentation measurements at different concentrations demonstrate that the tRNA-codon complexes form dimers. The sedimentation profiles are analyzed quantitatively in terms of a simple monomer-dimer model as well as a model which considers the sedimentation of four species (tRNA, tRNA.UUC, (tRNA.UUC)2, and UUC) separately. The information resulting from the conservation of mass relation is used directly in the determination of equilibrium constants via integration o the sedimentation profiles. Using this procedure, we determine the equilibrium constants for dimerization of the tRNAPhe.UUC complex, KD = 8.6 x 10(4) M-1, and for the binding of UUC to tRNAPhe, KL = 1800 M-1 (5 degrees C). The large free energy for dimerization of the tRNA-codon complex suggests that interactions between adjacent tRNAs are important for the ribosomal translation process.
Confidential Broadcasting via Linear Precoding in Non-Homogeneous MIMO Multiuser Networks (2014)

We propose linear precoding with power control to achieve confidential broadcasting in multi-input-multi-output multiuser networks such that the base station (BS) with N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> antennas securely broadcasts messages to K users with N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</sub> antennas each. We focus on the practical non-homogeneous scenario where the distances between the BS and the users are not equal. We first design a linear precoder based on regularized channel inversion, and derive new channel-independent expressions for the achievable secrecy sum-rate in the large system regime. With the aid of these expressions, we examine the impact of user dispersion, N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> , and K on the secrecy sum-rate. We then propose a power reduction strategy and power allocation algorithms to increase the secrecy sum-rate. We demonstrate that our power reduction strategy increases the secrecy sum-rate at high signal-to-noise ratios. We also show the secrecy sum-rate advantage of optimal power allocation over equal power allocation. Furthermore, we consider channel correlation and derive an easy-to-compute expression for the secrecy sum-rate to examine its impact on the secrecy performance.
Normalizing for individual cell population context in the analysis of high-content cellular screens (2011)

Using a cell-based analysis and normalization for population context, we achieve improved sensitivity and specificity not only on a individual protein level, but especially also on a pathway level. This leads to the identification of new host dependency factors of the hepatitis C and dengue viruses and higher reproducibility of results.
Functional Similarity Between Electrograms Recorded from an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Emulator and the Surface Electrocardiogram (2001)

Clinical use of stored electrogram (EGM) configurations currently used in ICDs is limited. The hypothesis that EGMs recorded from electrodes on the ICD surface may improve diagnostic capabilities of the device was tested in the present study. The Buttons on Active Can Emulator (BACE), an ICD-sized device containing four button electrodes, was temporarily placed into a subcutaneous or submuscular left pectoral pocket in 16 patients during ICD implantation. Simultaneous recordings were obtained from the ECG lead II, bipolar EGMs using BACE electrodes, and a bipolar atrial EGM during sinus rhythm (SR), ventricular pacing (VP) at cycle lengths of 500 and 400 ms, and VT. Visible P waves were present in all patients during SR (n = 15), in 5 (33%) of 15 patients during VP, and none of the patients during VT (n = 4) using BACE EGMs and lead II. P and QRS amplitudes and the P:QRS ratio during SR in BACE EGMs were significantly lower than those in lead II. BACE EGMs showed prominent changes in QRS morphology and duration during VP and VT compared to SR, and the magnitude of QRS prolongation during VP was similar to that in lead II. Measurements of PR, QRS, and QT duration during SR showed good agreement between BACE EGMs and lead II. In conclusion, EGMs recorded from electrodes embedded on the ICD housing may potentially improve visual discrimination between supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias. They also may be useful as a surrogate of the ECG for analysis and monitoring of different components of P-QRS-T complex.
K-anonymization as spatial indexing: toward scalable and incremental anonymization (2007)

In this paper we observe that k-anonymizing a data set is strikingly similar to building a spatial index over the data set, so similar in fact that classical spatial indexing techniques can be used to anonymize data sets. We use this observation to leverage over 20 years of work on database indexing to provide efficient and dynamic anonymization techniques. Experiments with our implementation show that the R-tree index-based approach yields a batch anonymization algorithm that is orders of magnitude more efficient than previously proposed algorithms and has the advantage of supporting incremental updates. Finally, we show that the anonymizations generated by the R-tree approach do not sacrifice quality in their search for efficiency; in fact, by several previously proposed quality metrics, the compact partitioning properties of R-trees generate anonymizations superior to those generated by previously proposed anonymization algorithms. 1.