gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The proportion of beef bulls in western Canada with mature spermiograms at 11 to 15 months of age. (2001)

A study was conducted to determine the proportion of yearling beef bulls that have mature spermiograms at 11 to 15 months of age, and to evaluate the relationship between semen quality traits, age, and scrotal circumference. Semen samples and data on sperm motility and scrotal circumference measurements were obtained from 1641 bulls of 14 breeds. Criteria for a satisfactory spermiogram included sperm concentration > or = 400 x 10(6)/mL, > or = 60% progressively motile sperm, and > or = 70% morphologically normal sperm. The mean scrotal circumference measurements for all bulls combined were 33.4, 34.4, 35.2, 35.8, and 35.3 cm at 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 months of age, respectively. The percentage of bulls with matures spermiograms at 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 months of age were 20%, 30%, 51%, 52%, and 61%, respectively. There was a high positive correlation (r = 0.9) between the number of bulls with > or = 70% normal sperm and scrotal circumference measurement. The main types of morphologic defects observed in immature bulls were proximal droplets and midpiece defects.
Small‐Signal A‐C Response Theory for Electrochromic Thin Films (1982)

The identification and character izat ion of the processes responsible for the electrochromic propert ies of thin transi t ion metal oxide films are mat ters of high current interest. Several authors (1-3) have applied small-s ignal a-c techniques in this area. Ho et al. (2) have analyzed their a-c data on WO3 with injected Li using the standard Randles (4) equivalent circuit, but with a modified (finite length) Warburg element. Glarum and Marshall (3) have devised a slightly different circuit from their data on IrO2 with injected protons. Both sets of authors have given some discussion of the theory underlying the use of these circuits. In a somewhat ear l ier paper (5) the present authors der ived an equivalent circuit for an electrochemical system characterized by an electrode adsorpt ion-react ion-diffusion sequence that yields the circuits ment ioned above, or parts of them, as l imit ing cases. Much of this analysis has been recent ly republished independent ly by Braunshtein et al. (6). In the present paper we discuss our earl ier t r ea tment as it might be applied to an elect rochromic system. Our t rea tment leads to an equivalent circuit which, we believe, may_ be useful in the analysis of impedance or admit tance data on electrochromic thin films, par t icular ly if the injection of atoms into the film involves an adsorbed intermediate . We consider an electrochemical cell consisting of an inert electronic conductor, a thin layer of e lectrochromic mater ia l AyB, a liquid electrolyte with mobile A + ions, and an electrode of solid A metal, or if A represents hydrogen, a hydrogen electrode. We shall assume that current flow through the system is effect ively one-dimensional , at least over the region in which a significant potential drop occurs. We also assume that AyB is a sufficiently good electronic conductor that the t ransport of A within the layer of A~B occurs purely by diffusion. We assume that the system has been al lowed to come to equi l ibr ium under a steady applied potent ial difference. Then the AyB layer has a spatial ly uniform composition and the potential drop falls essentially between the surface of the A~B layer in contact with the electrolyte and the A electrode. We ass~,me that an A-+ion combines wi th an electron f rom the conduction band to form an adsorbed in termedia te before en te r ing the AyB film. Adopting the notation of our ear l ier work (5), we let PR denote the concentrat ion of the A + ions at the point of closest approach to the AyB film, let r denote the concentrat ion of the adsorbed intermediate , and let bL denote the concentrat ion of A just inside the surface of the AuB film. Then for any deviat ion f rom the equi l ibr ium potential difference the equations governing the behavior of the reactant species at the A~B/l iquid interface may be wri t ten (5, 7)
Left ventricular geometry, myocardial function and energetics of the dilated left ventricle. Influence of vasodilators and positive inotropic substances. (1991)

Vasodilators have been shown to improve hemodynamics of the failing heart as a short-term effect and to decrease mortality as a long-term result. We therefore studied the effect of different vasodilators on myocardial mechanics and energetics in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC) NYHA II to III. In these patients undergoing routine heart catheterization myocardial oxygen consumption was measured using the argon method, and left ventricular pressure and geometry were obtained from left ventricular angiography using a Millar tip microcatheter. All data were analyzed for one single heart beat. The best correlation was found between MVO2/beat and the systolic stress-time integral which considers left ventricular pressure, wall thickness, and geometry. The relation between MVO2/beat and peak systolic wall stress was less relevant. No correlation was found between MVO2/beat and pressure-volume work, dP/dtmax, and mean velocity of circumferential fiber shortening. The intravenous application of nitroprusside and the ACE-inhibitor benazepril decreased both the systolic stress-time integral and the myocardial oxygen consumption in proportion to each other indicating unchanged economy of myocardial contraction. In contrast to other vasodilators, beta 1-agonists and phosphodiesterase inhibitors increase myocardial oxygen consumption independently of changes in the stress-time integral. In conclusion, vasodilators decrease left ventricular pressure and chamber size and thereby proportionally reduce MVO2/beat. The reduction of energy needed for myocardial contraction may partially explain the long-term effects of the ACE-inhibitors and combinations of vasodilators. Pure positive inotropic substances, especially beta 1-agonists, increase myocardial oxygen consumption with minor changes of systolic stress-time integral.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Fast and flexible development of multichip modules for space and other high-reliability applications (2002)

Pico Systems, Inc. And NASA-Goddard Space Flight Center have been working together to determine the viability of Pico's programmable multichip module (MCM) substrate for use in space and high reliability applications. This paper will describe the technology Pico has developed, how it is relevant to high reliability applications, the results of the testing performed, and examples of how Pico's substrates have been used in high reliability applications.
Nonlinear Gaussian Noise Model for Multimode Fibers With Space-Division Multiplexing (2016)

Space-division multiplex has become a promising approach to overcome future capacity shortages in long-haul optical transmission systems. In this paper, we present an analytical approach to calculate the nonlinear interference between signals that travel in different fiber modes of a multimode fiber SDM system. We discuss several simplifications based on intra- and intermodal four-wave mixing theories, and compare the analytical model with simulations in an exemplary few-mode fiber transmission system with three and six spatial modes. To generate a deep understanding of the impact of intermodal nonlinear signal distortions, we focus our analysis on the relative strength of intra- and intermodal nonlinearities. A good agreement between the analytical model and numerical simulations is found, making the model an easy-to-use tool to estimate the overall nonlinear distortion in space-division multiplexed transmission systems with multimode fibers.
EFNS Task Force Report: a questionnaire‐based survey on the service provision and quality assurance for determination of diagnostic autoantibody tests in European neuroimmunology centres (2000)

Autoantibodies to a wide variety of neural components are frequently sought in the sera of patients with neurological diseases suspected to have an antibody-associated autoimmune basis. Variations in assay methodology and availability are likely to exist throughout European diagnostic immunology centres, and interlaboratory discrepancies in performance for some assays have been reported. The availability of quality assurance is largely unknown. In this questionnaire-based EFNS task force, all 18 national representatives of the Neuroimmunology Panel within the EFNS were invited to estimate the service provision within their country; 12 panel members responded. From these responses, it emerged that a range of assays are being performed throughout European centres, involving over 20 separate antigens, using a broad array of immunodetection techniques. With the exception of the estimation of anti-AChR antibodies for the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis, no systematic quality assurance schemes are available, this being conducted on an ad hoc basis, or not at all. Since quality is a central component of assay sensitivity and specificity, we conclude that there is an urgent need to introduce pan-European quality assurance schemes, based on provision of positive and negative test sera from a central source, and in which all neuroimmunology laboratories should participate.
Attenuation of Doxorubicin-induced Cardiotoxicity by Tadalafil: A Long Acting Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitor. (2010)

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a broad spectrum antineoplastic drug widely used in the treatment of several hematogenous and solid human malignancies. Despite its excellent clinical efficacy as a chemotherapeutic agent, its therapeutic usage has been restricted due to its cardiotoxicity. Phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors or erectile dysfunction drugs including sildenafil, have been shown to have powerful cardioprotective effect against injuries under a variety of experimental situations including ischemia/reperfusion injury, myocardial infarction and DOX-induced cardiomyopathy. We studied the effect of - tadalafil, a long acting PDE-5 inhibitor in preventing damage in the heart with DOX treatment. Our results showed that tadalafil improved left ventricular function and survival by attenuating DOX-induced apoptosis and cardiac oxidative stress without interfering with the anti-tumor efficacy of DOX in both in vitro and in vivo tumor models. Herein, we present an overview of our study, and consider the potential mechanisms by which tadalafil, at therapeutically relevant concentrations mediate beneficial cardioprotective effects in DOX cardiotoxicity. Based on our current and previously published studies, we propose that the class of PDE-5 inhibitors can represent a novel approach which can be exploited for achieving therapeutic benefit in the treatment of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in patients.
Contralateral Suppression of Transient Otoacoustic Emissions and Sentence Recognition in Noise in Young Adults (2012)

The findings are not consistent with the notion that increased medial olivocochlear efferent feedback, as assessed via contralateral suppression of TEOAEs, is associated with improved speech perception in continuous and interrupted noise.
Advanced patterning approaches for Cu/Low-k interconnects (2017)

The RC delay, electro migration (EM) and TDDB performance become more challenges to meet device requirement as continuous geometry shrink on BEOL dual damascene interconnects. To overcome these challenges from interconnect patterning point of view, we proposed Cu subtractive RIE as a potential solution for next generation Cu/Low-k interconnects.
Generation of single color centers by focused nitrogen implantation (2005)

Single defect centers in diamond have been generated via nitrogen implantation. The defects have been investigated by single defect center fluorescence microscopy. Optical and electron paramagnetic resonance spectra unambiguously show that the produced defect is the nitrogen-vacancy color center. An analysis of the nitrogen flux together with a determination of the number of nitrogen-vacancy centers yields that on average one 2MeV nitrogen atom need to be implanted per defect center.
Time-Dependent Effect of Glutamate on Long-Term Potentiation in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus of Rats (2002)

The effect of glutamate on optic nerve stimulation-evoked field potentials in rat suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) was examined in vitro. Glutamate application for 20 min induced long-term potentiation (LTP) of the field potentials in the SCN at nighttime, whereas that induced a weak LTP at daytime. On the other hand, application for 40 min induced LTP in the SCN during the daytime, whereas it induced a weak one at nighttime. These results indicate that the effect of glutamate is dependent on the application time and that the effect is influenced by the duration of glutamate exposure.
Stabilization of the Craniovertebral Junction in Rheumatoid Arthritis (1995)

Dickman, Cutis A. M.D.; Ronderos, Juan F. M.D.; Sonntag, Volker K.H. M.D. Author Information
Quality Investigation of Compensated Aluminium-Doped Multicrystalline Silicon Ingot (2009)

One of the possibilities to reduce the phosphorus and boron contents from the polysilicon is to use the enhanced solid/liquid segregation tendency of impurities at low temperature by alloying MG-Si with aluminum. To explore such an option, impact of aluminum as a dopant and as possible recombination complex must be investigated. In this work, Al-doped ingot with different dopant concentration is grown to investigate the aluminum and its segregation mechanism impact on carrier lifetimes. 10 Kg electronic grade silicon was charged in a SiN-coated silica crucible with 10 ppma aluminium. The average resistivity of mc-Si ingot after P-gettering was around 9 Ω·cm at the middle of ingot. Carrier lifetimes around 30 μs were realized after the ingot growth mainly in the middle region of the Al-doped ingot. Metal impurities of the ingot were removed by phosphorus gettering and carrier lifetimes were improved to reach 70 μs at the middle region of the ingot. In conclusion, doping the multicrystalline silicon ingot with 10 ppma aluminum resulted in relatively good lifetime. Therefore, aluminum contents below 10 ppma will not affect the mc-Si ingot quality.
Identification of an Amidotransferase Involved in <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> Peptidoglycan Synthesis (2006)

Peptidoglycan (PG) is a complex polymer providing shape and the strength to withstand osmotic pressure in bacteria. PG from Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Escherichia coli and bacilli is classified as A1γ and is composed of linear chains of N ‐acetyl glucosamine and N ‐acetyl muramic acid modified by a peptide side‐chain (L‐Ala‐D‐Glu‐ meso ‐diaminopimelic acid‐D‐Ala) that may be cross‐linked to the peptide side‐chain of other glycan strand. However, there are differences in PG from these organisms; in E. coli PG is not amidated, whereas most bacilli and mycobacteria have one or more amidated amino acids per unit. Most of the enzymes associated with PG biosynthesis have been identified; exceptions include the enzyme(s) responsible for amidation of the peptides of PG. We identified Rv2201 as a potential amidotranferase involved in the synthesis of M. tuberculosis PG based on similarity to the Asn synthetase family of enzymes and the presence of orthologs in species known to have amidated PG. Rv2201 is reported to be essential in M. tuberculosis and orthologs to be associated with lysozyme and drug sensitivity in other Actinomycetales . We cloned and expressed Rv2201 in E. coli , and strains expressing recombinant Rv2201 synthesized modified lipid II with properties similar to amidated lipid II isolated from mycobacteria. Since our earlier studies indicated that lipid II is likely the substrate for amidation in mycobacteria we hypothesize that Rv2201 represents a novel amidotransferase involved in the biosynthesis of amidated PG in M. tuberculosis and may represent a novel drug target. Supported by NIAID grants AI18357 and AI49151
Zones inondables et topographies des lits majeurs : l'exemple de l'Aube et de la Seine supérieure (1995)

Dzana Jean-Guy, Gaillard Stéphan. Zones inondables et topographies des lits majeurs : l'exemple de l'Aube et de la Seine supérieure. In: Annales de Géographie, t. 104, n°581-582, 1995. pp. 191-200.
Neural Network Classification of Mutagens Using Structural Fragment Data (1993)

A neural network was applied to a large, structurally heterogeneous data set of mutagens and non-mutagens to investigate structure-property relationships. Substructural data comprising a total of 1280 fragments were used as inputs. The training of the back-propagation networks was directed by an algorithm which selected an optimal subset of fragments in order to maximize their discriminating power, and a good predictive network. The system comprised three programs: the first used a keyfile of 100 fragments to generate training and test files, the second was the network itself and a procedure for ranking the effectiveness of these fragments and the third randomly replaced the lowest fragments. This cycle was then repeated. After running on a 386/33 PC several networks produced approximately 11% failures in the test set and 6% in the training set. By simplifying the output of the hidden layer it was possible to describe the hidden layer states in terms of clusters of mutagens and non-mutagens. Some of these clusters were structurally homogeneous and contained known mutagenic and non-mutagenic structural classes. This analysis provided a useful means of demonstrating how the network was classifying the data.
Simple Synthesis of 3-Alkyl-1H-Indazoles Having Functional Groups At the ω-Position (1988)

Abstract 3-Alkyl-1H-indazoles (1) having a functional group at the ω-position can be simply synthesized by using 2-(ω-chloroalkanoyl)-anilines (3) as starting material.
Mechanisms and Dynamics of Adhesion of Lymphocytes Activated with the Novel Chemokine CXCL16 to Vcam (2003)

Conference Abstract| April 01 2003 Mechanisms and Dynamics of Adhesion of Lymphocytes Activated with the Novel Chemokine CXCL16 to Vcam M. Heydtmann; M. Heydtmann *Birmingham University, Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar P. Lalor; P. Lalor *Birmingham University, Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar S.G. Hübscher; S.G. Hübscher *Birmingham University, Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar M. Briskin; M. Briskin #Millenium Inc., Boston MA 02139, USA. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar DH Adams DH Adams *Birmingham University, Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Clin Sci (Lond) (2003) 104 (s49): 21P–22P. https://doi.org/10.1042/cs104021Pb Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation M. Heydtmann, P. Lalor, S.G. Hübscher, M. Briskin, DH Adams; Mechanisms and Dynamics of Adhesion of Lymphocytes Activated with the Novel Chemokine CXCL16 to Vcam. Clin Sci (Lond) 1 April 2003; 104 (s49): 21P–22P. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/cs104021Pb Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsClinical Science Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 2003 The Biochemical Society and the Medical Research Society2003 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Automated sensor planning for robotic vision tasks (2002)

A method is presented to determine viewpoints for a robotic vision system for which object features of interest will simultaneously by visible, inside the field-of-view, in-focus, and magnified as required. A technique that poses the problem in an optimization setting in order to determine viewpoints that satisfy all requirements simultaneously and with a margin is presented. The formulation and results of the optimization are shown, as well as experimental results in which a robot vision system is positioned and its lens is set according to this method. Camera views are taken from the computed viewpoints in order to verify that all feature detectability requirements are satisfied.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Abstract 3526: Inhibition of ABCB1 (MDR1) expression by an siRNA nanoparticulate delivery system to overcome drug resistance in osteosarcoma (2010)

Abstract Background: Osteosarcoma accounts for approximately 60% of primary malignant bone tumors diagnosed in the first two decades of life. The use of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy in treating osteosarcoma has improved patients’ average 5 year survival rate from 20% to 70% in the past 30 years. However, for patients who progress after chemotherapy, its effectiveness diminishes due to the emergence of multi-drug resistance (MDR) after prolonged therapy. One of the innovative approaches to addressing MDR is to inhibit MDR1 mRNA expression by RNA interference (RNAi). In order to overcome both the dose-limiting side effects of conventional chemotherapeutic agents and the therapeutic failure resulting from MDR, we designed and evaluated a novel drug delivery system for MDR1 siRNA delivery. Materials and Methods: Novel biocompatible, lipid-modified dextran-based polymeric nanoparticles were used as the platform for MDR1 siRNA delivery; and the efficacy of combination therapy with this system was evaluated. The mean particle size of the MDR1 siRNA loaded nanoparticles as determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurement was 104.4+3.7 nm and the zeta potential was almost neutral (−0.19+1.13 mV). Multi-drug resistant osteosarcoma cell lines (KHOSR2 and U-2OSR2) were treated with the MDR1 siRNA nanocarriers and MDR1 protein (P-gp) expression, drug retention, and immunofluorescence were analyzed. Combination therapy of the MDR1 siRNA loaded nanocarriers with increasing concentrations of doxorubicin was also analyzed. Results: We observed that MDR1 siRNA loaded dextran nanoparticles efficiently suppresses P-gp expression in the drug resistant osteosarcoma cell lines. With the delivery of nanoparticles loaded with MDR1 siRNA, growth inhibition with doxorubicin was substantially more marked than with the administration of 100 fold higher amounts of free drugs. The results also demonstrated that this approach may be capable of reversing drug resistance by increasing the amount of drug accumulation in MDR cell lines. Furthermore, subcellular distribution of doxorubicin in MDR cells mimicked that of the drug sensitive variant when nanoparticles were utilized. Conclusions: Lipid-modified dextran-based polymeric nanoparticles are a promising platform for siRNA delivery. Nanocarriers loaded with MDR1 siRNA are a potential treatment strategy for reversing MDR in osteosarcoma. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3526.