gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Mississippi Digital Library’s Civil Rights Thesaurus: An Evolving Authority Control Tool for Civil Rights-Related Headings in Metadata Records (2010)

The online Civil Rights Thesaurus (CRT) at the University of Southern Mississippi (USM) had its beginnings in the digitization of civil rights materials in the university’s McCain Library and Archives in the early 2000s. The materials included oral history interviews, letters, newspaper clippings, photographs, and other items from the rich history of the civil rights movement in Mississippi, including materials from the Freedom Summer of 1964. In addition to the creation of digitized images, making these materials available online as the Civil Rights in Mississippi Digital Archive included the formulation of descriptive records using Dublin Core metadata and the development of a controlled vocabulary for subject access.
Reverse Osmosis Separation of Urea in Aqueous Solutions Using Porous Cellulose Acetate Membranes (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReverse Osmosis Separation of Urea in Aqueous Solutions Using Porous Cellulose Acetate MembranesHaruhiko Ohya and S. SourirajanCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1969, 8, 1, 131–142Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i260029a023https://doi.org/10.1021/i260029a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views259Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Oestrogen-like effect of tamoxifen on vaginal epithelium. (1977)

30-40 mg tamoxifen were administered orally in 86 postmenopausal women with late breast malignancy who were found to be resistant to standard endocrine and chemotherapy 2 months previous to this treatment. Vaginal smears were taken before and after 30-45 days treatment. A zero pyknotic index was seen before treatment. After tamoxifen, the index regularly increased to values between 10-30% reaching 50% in 4 cases and 80% in 1. Smears became atrophic within 2 months of withdrawal of treatment. 32% of the patients responded, showing an objective tumor regression. It is unclear whether the tumor is reacting to tamoxifen as if it were an estrogen.
Hands-free voice communication in an automobile with a microphone array (1992)

The authors present the result of their research on developing a hands-free voice communication system with a microphone array for use in an automobile environment. The goal of this research is to develop a speech acquisition and enhancement system so that a speech recognizer can reliably be used inside a noise automobile environment, for digital cellular phone application. Speech data have been collected using a microphone array and a digital audio tape (DAT) recorder inside a real car for several idling and driving conditions, and processed using delay-and-sum and adaptive beamforming algorithms. Performance criteria including signal-to-noise ratio and speech recognition error rate have been evaluated for the processed data. Detailed performance results presented show that the microphone array is superior to a single microphone.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Cellular immortalization--an essential step or merely a risk factor in DNA virus-induced transformation? (1990)

Different activities of DNA viral gene products seem to be involved in the immortalization process, even in cases where continued presence of the viral genome does not seem to be required for the maintenance of the immortalized state of a cell. Immortalization, does not appear to represent a single event as implied earlier and several studies have shown that the process can be reversible. Polyomavirus large T antigen and HPV E7 (or E6 + E7) seem to possess all the activities required in vitro for immortalization of human cells, whereas one of the required activities--that defined in the two-step model as a rare mutagenic event which occurs during cellular crisis--is weaker in SV40 large T antigen and E1A. Viral functions that can activate PCNA expression (or repress Rb1 expression) have to be considered as pivotal activities in immortalization. Finally, the growth factor independence characterizing many immortalized cells could be a result of growth factor-like activities intrinsic to the viral proteins or could reflect their ability to induce autocrine growth mechanisms. These statements all relate to the first aspect of our initial hypothesis concerning cellular immortalization and in general substantiate it. Is immortalization an essential step in malignant transformation? There seems no a priori reason that transformation or tumorigenesis should depend upon cellular immortalization. Notably, many tumors appear to be mortal in culture. Growth factor independence or activation of DNA replication--essential features of immortalization--are probably of little importance for tumors in vivo where a crucial environment is supplied by the surrounding cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
For peace and pain: the medical legitimisation of Afghanistan's poppy crop (2011)

Since the overthrow of the Taliban in 2001, there has been an overall increase in illicit opium production in Afghanistan and mounting human losses. The United Nations has attributed 1 million human deaths to Afghan opiates over the past decade. As the war in Afghanistan nears a crucial mark, the NATO coalition forces and Afghan people can no longer afford the same ineffective counternarcotics strategy. This commentary proposes a strategic revision that reframes Afghanistan's poppy problem as an opportunity for global public health. Specifically, The Afghan poppy crop could be repurposed away from illicit drug production, and towards manufacturing licit opioid analgesics to address unmet needs for pain palliation, particularly for diseases such as HIV/AIDS and cancer in the developing world--that is, illegal opium could be converted into legal pain medicine, solving two problems at once. We present a supply-and-demand that illustrates how this useful exchange could be made, and discuss the political opposition that now stands in the way and perpetuates the unsatisfactory status quo in Afghanistan.
On Testable Design for CMOS Logic Circuits. (1983)

Risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) increases considerably as renal function declines in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 1 (NOD1) has emerged as a novel innate immune receptor involved in both CVD and CKD. Following activation, NOD1 undergoes a conformational change that allows the activation of the receptor-interacting serine/threonine protein kinase 2 (RIP2), promoting an inflammatory response. We evaluated whether the genetic deficiency of <i>Nod1</i> or <i>Rip2</i> in mice could prevent cardiac Ca<sup>2+</sup> mishandling induced by sixth nephrectomy (Nx), a model of CKD. We examined intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> dynamics in cardiomyocytes from <i>Wild-type</i> (<i>Wt</i>), <i>Nod1</i><sup>-/-</sup> and <i>Rip2<sup>-/-</sup></i> sham-operated or nephrectomized mice. Compared with <i>Wt</i> cardiomyocytes, <i>Wt</i>-Nx cells showed an impairment in the properties and kinetics of the intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> transients, a reduction in both cell shortening and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca<sup>2+</sup> load, together with an increase in diastolic Ca<sup>2+</sup> leak. Cardiomyocytes from <i>Nod1</i><sup>-/-</sup>-Nx and <i>Rip2</i><sup>-/-</sup>-Nx mice showed a significant amelioration in Ca<sup>2+</sup> mishandling without modifying the kidney impairment induced by Nx. In conclusion, <i>Nod1</i> and <i>Rip2</i> deficiency prevents the intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> mishandling induced by experimental CKD, unveiling new innate immune targets for the development of innovative therapeutic strategies to reduce cardiac complications in patients with CKD.
THE EFFECT OF FEEDING FOWLS ON THYROID GLAND (1925)

Although the literature contains many reports of thyroid treatment in numerous species of animals, the only work found on thyroid feeding in fowls is that of C. J. and C. Parhon.* These investigators observed as a result of thyroid treatment marked excitability, tremors and complete ischemia of the comb. Increased resistance to fowl cholera was also reported. The observations herein reported were begun in the summer of 1919 at the Zoological Gardens of New Ascania in South Russia, under the guidance of Prof. Michael Zavadovsky. The work was continued during 1919 and 1920 in the laboratory of Prof. B. P. Babkin at Odessa. From the fall of 1920 on, the work has been continued at our own laboratory at Moscow. During this period over sixty fowls have been experimented upon, not including controls.
PSE: An Object-Oriented Simulation Environment Supporting Persistence (1991)

Abstract : This paper describes the Persistent Simulation Environment (PSE), which combines object-oriented simulation with a persistent object repository and domain-dependent object prefetching facilities. The goals of PSE are threefold: (1) to augment a contemporary object-oriented programming language with discrete event and process-based simulation facilities equaling those found in simulation languages such as Simscript and Simula; (2) to tightly couple an object-oriented simulation language with a secondary storage facility to achieve the persistence of simulation objects; and (3) to improve the swapping of persistent simulation objects between main memory and secondary storage through the use of object prefetching. The PSE prototype we developed is implemented in the Common Lisp Object System (CLOS) and runs in Allegro Common Lisp on Sun/3 and Sun/4 workstations. This environment is a complete, yet flexible, set of CLOS class definitions and methods fulfilling these objectives.
A New Method for Prospect Appraisal (1993)

A new methodology is presented for aggregating individual and fragmentary pieces of geologic information to assess the outcomes of prospect evaluation. The new method is based on possibility, rather than probability theory, and is coupled with multiple-criteria decision-making theory. In essence, the method employs fuzzy implications to gauge satisfaction levels associated with each measure of the characteristics associated with the source, reservoir, seal, and trap. The method is suitable where some data are missing, vague, or subjective. Thus, it is an alternative approach, not a substitute for conventional methods based on probability theory.
Topological Mapping of Unique Epitopes on the Dengue-2 Virus NS1 Protein Using Monoclonal Antibodies (1987)

Monoclonal antibodies were produced against two distinct Thai dengue-2 (DEN-2) virus strains isolated in 1980 from dengue haemorrhagic fever patients. Nine of 36 hybridomas produced monoclonal IgG antibodies which reacted in radioimmune precipitation assays with the NS1 non-structural protein (42,000 mol. wt.) from DEN-2-infected C6/36 (Aedes albopictus) cells. The virus specificity of NS1-reactive monoclonal antibodies was determined by indirect immunofluorescence assays using LLC-MK2 cells infected with either the Thai 1980 DEN-2 isolates, prototype DEN viruses (four serotypes), Japanese encephalitis (JE), Murray Valley encephalitis, West Nile, Wesselbron or Tembusu viruses. Eight of the monoclonal antibody preparations were DEN-2-serotype specific. One preparation defined a special serological relationship between DEN-2 and JE viruses. Four preparations had detectable complement fixation titres using Thai DEN-2 virus antigen. Six spatially unique epitopes were identified using competitive binding assays.
FPGA Partitioning with Complex Resource Constraints (1999)

In this paper, we present an algorithm for circuit partitioning with complex resource constraints in large FPGAs. Traditional partitioning methods estimate the capacity of an FPGA device by counting the number of logic blocks, however this is not accurate with the increasing diverse resource types in the new FPGA architectures. We first propose a network flow based method to optimally check whether a circuit or a subcircuit is feasible for a set of available heterogeneous resources. Then the feasibility checking procedure is integrated in the FM‐based algorithm for circuit partitioning. Incremental flow technique is employed for efficient implementation. Experimental results on the MCNC benchmark circuits show that our partitioning algorithm not only yields good results, but also is efficient. Our algorithm for partitioning with complex resource constraints is applicable for both multiple FPGA designs ( e.g. , logic emulation systems) and partitioning‐based placement algorithms for a single large hierarchical FPGA ( e.g. , Actel′s ES6500 FPGA family).
Variance-based Regularization with Convex Objectives (2017)

We develop an approach to risk minimization and stochastic optimization that provides a convex surrogate for variance, allowing near-optimal and computationally efficient trading between approximation and estimation error. Our approach builds off of techniques for distributionally robust optimization and Owen's empirical likelihood, and we provide a number of finite-sample and asymptotic results characterizing the theoretical performance of the estimator. In particular, we show that our procedure comes with certificates of optimality, achieving (in some scenarios) faster rates of convergence than empirical risk minimization by virtue of automatically balancing bias and variance. We give corroborating empirical evidence showing that in practice, the estimator indeed trades between variance and absolute performance on a training sample, improving out-of-sample (test) performance over standard empirical risk minimization for a number of classification problems.
Endoneurial potassium is increased and enhances spontaneous activity in regenerating mammalian nerve fibers—implications for neuropathic positive symptoms (1985)

The endoneurial fluid potassium [K+]e has potent effects on membrane potential and excitability but direct measurements have not been reported. The [K+]e was measured with K+ ion-sensitive microelectrodes in normal, demyelinated, and regenerating rat peripheral nerve fibers. The mean value in normal nerve was 3.7 mM. The [K+]e was consistently elevated in regenerating nerves and infrequently elevated in demyelinated nerves. The time course of [K+]e was studied in the left tibial nerve of 22 rats 2 days to 3 months in the extended crush model. The [K+]e was increased and peaked in the first 2 weeks, with a progressive decline toward control values after that. Single fiber recordings were made from the tibial division of the sciatic nerve in 13 animals. The mean number of single fibers studied per rat was 55.5 (SD 24.6). Spontaneous activity (SA) was present in all regenerating nerves and was maximal in the first 2-4 weeks. Endoneurial K+ was further increased by intraarterial injection of potassium into the saphenous artery. Spontaneous activity was enhanced when [K+]e began to rise; there were further superimposed bursts of SA with the administration of additional boluses. These findings suggest that [K+]e increase is a factor in enhancing SA in damaged nerve fibers.
Decreasing quantization effects in a buck converter controlled by GZAD strategy (2011)

ZAD strategy has been widely analyzed in the last decade to control buck power converters. The first models were ideals; as consequence of these numerical and experimental results did not agree. The discrepancy between both of the results is probably due to the sensitivity of the ZAD strategy to compute the duty cycle. In the present work the inductor internal resistance and the quantization effects are included in the converter model. The effect of the inductor internal resistance is to move the stability limit to the left while the qualitative behavior is preserved. The quantization has a high incidence in the dynamics. In this paper we present a strategy to decrease the quantization effects in a buck converter controlled by Digital-PWM based on Zero Average Dynamics on Error (ZAD). The quantization errors are introduced by analog-to-digital converters and Digital-PWM, producing undesirable behavior. We present a methodology to decrease these errors, first using Generalized ZAD and after, computing the duty cycle as the mean of the actual and previous duty cycles. These actions diminish drastically the error and limit cycling oscillations.
Cluster-cluster aggregation in binary mixtures (2000)

The structure and aggregation kinetics of three-dimensional clusters composed of two different monomeric species at three concentrations are thoroughly investigated by means of extensive, large-scale computer simulations. The aggregating monomers have all the same size and occupy the cells of a cubic lattice. Two bonding schemes are considered: (a) the binary diffusion-limited cluster-cluster aggregation (BDLCA) in which only the monomers of different species stick together, and (b) the invading binary diffusion-limited cluster-cluster aggregation (IBDLCA) in which additionally monomers of one of the two species are allowed to bond. In the two schemes, the mixed aggregates display self-similarity with a fractal dimension d(f) that depends on the relative molar fraction of the two species and on concentration. At a given concentration, when this molar fraction is small, d(f) approaches a value close to the reaction-limited cluster-cluster aggregation of one-component systems, and when the molar fraction is 0.5, d(f) becomes close to the value of the diffusion-limited cluster-cluster aggregation model. The crossover between these two regimes is due to a time-decreasing reaction probability between colliding particles, particularly at small molar fractions. Several dynamical quantities are studied as a function of time. The number of clusters and the weight-average cluster size display a power-law behavior only at small concentrations. The dynamical exponents are obtained for molar fractions above 0.3 but not at or below 0.2, indicating the presence of a critical transition between a gelling to a nongelling system. The cluster-size distribution function presents scaling for molar fractions larger than 0.2.
GUI Based Decimation Filter Design Tool for Multi-Standard Wireless Transceivers (2007)

The demand for new telecommunication services requiring higher capacities, data rates and different operating modes have motivated the development of new generation multi-standard wireless transceivers. A multi-standard design often involves extensive system level analysis and architectural partitioning, typically requiring extensive calculations. To expedite the handling of complicated design calculations, a GUI based design tool is proposed in this paper. In particular, multi-standard decimation filter design for six wireless communication standards consisting of GSM, WCDMA, WLANa, WLANb, WLANg and WiMAX is focused. Decimation is done in two or three stages to reduce the hardware complexity and power dissipation. The decimation filter design tool is developed using the Graphical User Interface Development Environment (GUIDE) in MATLAB®. The implementation complexity in terms of filter length that meets the specification for any of these standards is computed using this tool and is tabulated.
Unions on Plantations: Do Basic Needs Matter? (1987)

SUMMARY In the Sri Lankan tea industry, there has been a long?established and increasingly powerful labour movement. This article reviews the development of unions and the main problems they have had to confront, before assessing their strengths and weaknesses, one weakness being the low priority given to housing, health and education. It then explores the significance of this omission in union policy and strategy by reference to the notion of counter?hegemony, and argues that it reflects a fundamental weakness at the heart of the union movement with serious implications for the future. Yet, unions have potentially a vital role to play as catalysts and agents for change on plantations. RESUMEN Sindicatos en las plantaciones. ¿Importan las necesidades básicas? En la industria del té de Sri Lanka, existe un movimiento laboral largamente establecido y crecientemente poderoso. Este artículo revisa el desarrollo de los sindicatos y los problemas más importantes que ellos han enfrentado, antes de evaluar sus fuerzas y debilidades, siendo una de estas últimas la baja prioridad otorgada a la vivienda, salud y educación. A continuación examina el significado de esta omisión en la estrategia y política sindical en relación a la noción de contra?hegemonía argumentado que refleja una debilidad fundamental en el centro del movimiento sindical que tiene serias implicaciones para el futuro. Sin embargo, los sindicatos tienen potencialmente un rol vital que jugar como catalizadores y agentes del cambio en las plantaciones. RESUME Les Syndicats dans les Plantations: les Besoins de Base sont?ils importants? Dans l'industrie du thé de Sri Lanka, il y a un mouvement des travailleurs puissant, établi depuis long?temps. Cet article présente une revue du développement des syndicats et les problèmes essentiels auxquels ils font face; il évalue ensuite leur force et leurs faiblesses, l'une d'entre elles étant la priorité réduite qu'ils donnent aux problèmes du logement, de la santé et de l'éducation. Il explore ensuite la signification de cette omission dans la politique syndicaliste et sa stratégie, en faisant référence à la notion de contre?hégémonie, et soutient le point de vue, que cela reflète une faiblesse fondamentale au coeur du mouvement syndicaliste avec de sérieuses conséquences pour le futur. Néanmoins, les syndicats ont potentiellement un rôle vital à jouer dans les plantations, en tant que catalyseur et agent pour le changement.
Effects of videotape analysis on role development of student teachers in music (1997)

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of videotape analysis on role development of student teachers in music. Topics included: (1) professional role development theory; (2) identification and evolution of student teacher concerns before, during, and after the student teaching experience; (3) perceptions of student teachers involved in self-analysis of their teaching through videotaped feedback; and (4) perceptions of cooperating teachers and university supervisors toward the use of videotape analysis in the supervisory process.
Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) from Azobenzene Self-Assembled “Sandwiches” (1998)

A silver island film was thermally deposited on the top of an azobenzene self-assembled monolayer on gold, yielding a SERS-active system possessing a “sandwiched” structure of Ag|R1−Azo−R2S−|Au. For the first time, the positions of the Azo groups were controlled by using azobenzenealkanethiols with different terminal groups (R1) or interchain spacers (R2), to clarify the relationship between the SERS effect and the structural nature of the system. As will be shown, increases in distances of Azo groups from the gold substrate and from the silver film both cause the enhancement factor to decay exponentially, indicating that the enhancement correlates to both the gold substrate underneath and the silver islands above.