gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
교량 바닥판 슬래브에 대한 3차원 매개변수 모델링 연구 (2016)

본 논문에서는 교량의 거더 상부에 타설되는 바닥판 슬래브에 대하여 3차원 매개변수 모델을 구축하는 방법을 소개한다. 모델의 구축에 사용된 소프트웨어는 Nemetschek사의 Allplan 2015이며, 변수입력 사용자환경 및 모델의 구현을 위하여 Allplan에서 지원하는 Smartpart Script를 활용하였다. 모델의 목표 상세수준(LOD:Level Of Detail)은 실제 시공에 활용 가능한 철근 재료표 및 시공물량을 도출할 수 있는 수준으로 설정하였다. 모델의 구축을 위하여, 바닥판 슬래브를 구성하기 위한 단위구조의 PBS(Product Breakdown Structure)를 수립한 후, 각 객체의 3차원 형상 구현에 사용될 변수의 분석을 통하여 독립변수와 종속변수를 정의하였다. 각 변수들의 정의 순서를 설정하고, 이에 근거하여 스크립트를 작성하고, 변수입력 사용자환경을 구성하였다. 이 연구를 통하여 구축한 교량 바닥판 슬래브의 3차원 매개변수 모델은, 공공인프라 시설물에 대한 3차원 정보모델의 효율적인 생성을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.
Cost optimization of maintenance scheduling for a system with assured reliability (1992)

Systems which have to work at or below a maximum acceptable failure rate should be maintained at predetermined points such that the failure rate does not exceed the acceptable level. As the system ages, the post-maintenance failure rate of the system drops to some newer one, unless the system has been replaced, but does not restore the system to the original state. A branching algorithm with effective dominance rules that curtail the number of nodes created is presented; this algorithm determines the number of maintenance interventions before each replacement in order to minimize the total cost over a finite time horizon. The model considers inflationary trends. A numerical example and computational experience are presented. The authors treat the maintenance cost as constant and successive simple-maintenance intervals as decreasing. Though the cost/maintenance is assumed constant, any increasing maintenance cost function could be incorporated. The optimum solutions depend on the constant improvement factor, first simple-maintenance point, rate of increase in acquisition cost, maintenance cost factor, and planning period.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Newcastle disease virus-vectored West Nile fever vaccine is immunogenic in mammals and poultry (2016)

Our results collectively support the utility of rLa-WNV-PrM/E as a promising WNV veterinary vaccine candidate for mammals and poultry.
V. Stress and irritable bowel syndrome (2001)

Different types of stress play important roles in the onset and modulation of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms. The physiological effects of psychological and physical stressors on gut function and brain-gut interactions are mediated by outputs of the emotional motor system in terms of autonomic, neuroendocrine, attentional, and pain modulatory responses. IBS patients show an enhanced responsiveness of this system manifesting in altered modulation of gastrointestinal motility and secretion and in alterations in the perception of visceral events. Functional brain imaging techniques are beginning to identify brain circuits involved in the perceptual alterations. Animal models have recently been proposed that mimic key features of the human syndrome.
Enseñanza del derecho con apoyo de las TIC: (proyecto interuniversitario e interdisciplinar) (2005)

E-Derecho son tres modelos de cursos agrupados tematicamente: Asignatura, Seminario de Investigacion y
Comunicaciones, elaborados por profesores de Derecho y adaptados al Campus Virtual de la UCM.
Carvacrol as an Antimicrobial Agent for Poly(butylene succinate): Tensile Properties and Antimicrobial Activity Observations (2014)

This research aims to study the influences of carvacrol essential oil on the tensile properties and antimicrobial activity of food packages prepared from poly (butylene succinate) (PBS). Overall, the tensile strength and tensile modulus of the PBS film decreased with the addition of carvacrol beyond 4wt%. PBS elongated to a greater extent when carvacrol was employed; the elongation reached its maximum level at 19% when carvacrol was added at 10wt%. The water vapor permeation (WVP) and oxygen permeation (OP) of PBS/carvacrol films tended to increase with increasing carvacrol content due to the vaporization of some carvacrol. Carvacrol was found to effectively inhibit microorganism growth; its antimicrobial activity against S.arious growth was evident when 4wt% of carvacrol was compounded with PBS while that against E.coli growth was found only when 10wt% of carvacrol was employed.
A physico-chemical study of the cationic surfactants adsorption on montmorillonite (2007)

The adsorption of cetyltrimethylammonium (CTA) bromide and cetylpyridinium (CP) chloride on Na+-rich montmorillonite (MMT) was studied. An ad hoc isotachophoretic (ITP) method was developed for the simultaneous and rapid determination of the cationic surfactants (CSs) adsorbed. In order to decrease the detection limits, ITP was on-line coupled with capillary zone electrophoresis. Adsorption data were analysed by their fitting with adsorption isotherms. The adsorption of CP is well described by the Langmuir isotherm. It indicates the monolayer arrangement of CP on the MMT surface. In case of the CTA data, the best fitting Langmuir-Freundlich model with the power constant r<1 was found. It can be explained by the CTA interactions because of its intercalation into the MMT interlayer space.
Fault tolerant web service (2004)

Zwass (1996) suggested that middleware and message service is one of the five fundamental technologies used to realize electronic commerce (EC). The simple object access protocol (SOAP) is recognized as a more promising middleware for EC applications among other leading candidates such as CORBA. Many recent polls reveal however that security and reliability issues are major concerns that discourage people from engaging in EC transactions. We notice that the fault-tolerance issue is somewhat neglected in the current standard, i.e., SOAP 1.1. We therefore propose a fault tolerant Web service called fault-tolerant SOAP or FT-SOAP through which Web services can be built with higher resilience to failure. FT-SOAP is based on our previous experience with an object fault tolerant service (OFS) [Liang, D. et al., (1999)] and OMG's fault tolerant CORBA (FT-CORBA). There are many architectural differences between SOAP and CORBA. One of the major contributions of this work is to discuss the impact on FT-SOAP design due to these architectural differences. Our experience shows that Web services built on a SOAP framework enjoy higher flexibility as opposed to those built on CORBA. We also point out the limitations of the current feature sets of SOAP 1.1. We believe our experience is valuable not only to the fault-tolerance community, but also to other communities as well, in particular, to those who are familiar with the CORBA platform.
Dilution of Semisolid Preparations: Studies on the parameters affecting hydrocortisone release and permeation through excised human stratum corneum with emphasis on the influence of dilution (2001)

Dilution of semisolid preparations, in order to tailor the formulations to the needs of the patients, was thought to be associated with a number of dangers, one of which is the unpredictable reduction of activity. In the present study the influence of dilution on hydrocortisone liberation and permeation through excised human stratum corneum was investigated. Furthermore, the factors affecting both processes and their correlation were examined. Hydrocortisone release from the diluted semisolid preparations was found to be directly influenced by the type (lipophilic or hydrophilic) and composition (e.g. water content, emulsifier) of the base used for dilution. Moreover, for all the investigated vehicles being suspension-type, the degree of hydrocortisone solubility had also a direct influence on drug release. Furthermore the rheological behaviour of the bases was found to play a direct role in drug release. The results obtained from the permeation studies revealed the lack of correlation between liberation and permeation studies. The permeation profiles of all tested bases were in the same range and all factors affected drug release had no influence on permeation. Furthermore, the dilution did not result in any reduction in drug permeation. However if the base contains a penetration enhancer, dilution reduced drug permeation significantly but in an unpredictable manner i.e. the 1:2 dilution resulted in a 1:5 reduction in drug permeation.
IFN‐γ but not IL‐4 is important for mouse CD4+ T cell‐mediated macrophage activation following their exposure to pig cells in vitro (2002)

In order to investigate the mechanism by which CD4+ T cells and macrophages interact in the xenogeneic immune response, murine CD4+ T cells and macrophages were used as responder cells in culture with irradiated fetal pig spleen cells (FPSC) as pig xenogeneic stimulators. In this in vitro model, murine CD4+ T cells and macrophages were cultured individually, or together with FPSC. In addition, mouse CD4+ T cells were also cultured with autologous macrophages which were previously stimulated by FPSC. The cultured murine cells were analyzed for expression of CD4+ T cell and macrophage activation markers (cell surface markers and cytokines) as well as cytokine production. CD4+ T cells and macrophages cultured alone or together without FPSC showed unchanged low levels of expression of activation markers. Coculture of macrophages with FPSC and in the absence of CD4+ T cells induced increased expression levels of all the activation markers examined except B7.2 and ICAM-1. Addition of CD4+ T cells to the coculture further enhanced this up-regulation. Coculture of CD4+ T cells with FPSC-stimulated macrophages, but not naive macrophages, or FPSC alone, resulted in significantly increased numbers of CD4+ T cells coexpressing their activation markers, especially IFN-gamma and CD40L, and this expression was enhanced further by including FPSC in the coculture. The activation of both CD4+ T cells and macrophages in their coculture with FPSC was suppressed by neutralizing IFN-gamma but not IL-4. Our results demonstrated that interaction of CD4+ T cells and autologous macrophages was required for their optimal activation in response to pig xenogeneic stimulation. The mechanisms involved included cell-cell and/or cytokine interactions, and in particular IFN-gamma mediated communication was involved. Macrophages activated by pig cells in the absence of CD4+ T cells were able to activate naive CD4+ T cells, thus providing an important communication pathway between innate immune activation and a T cell mediated response in xenograft rejection.
Endothelial regeneration. III. Time course of intimal changes after small defined injury to rat aortic endothelium. (1981)

The response to injury of the intima of the rat aorta was studied using a nylon monofilament to produce small, defined areas of endothelial denudation. A row of endothelial cells, three to five cells wide, was removed by pulling the tip of the filament along the length of the aorta. Platelet adhered to the exposed subendothelium. After 48 hours, this wound was covered by replicating endothelial cells which were densely packed together. This increased density remained over the site of injury for at least 4 weeks. A circular injury denuded a zone one to two endothelial cells wide. This wound was repopulated by endothelial cells within 8 hours without cell replication. No intimal thickening occurred in the vessels after either injury.
Influence of Sn<sup>4+</sup>on the structural and electronic properties of Ti<sub>1−x</sub>Sn<sub>x</sub>O<sub>2</sub>nanoparticles used as photocatalysts (2006)

Ti(1-x)Sn(x)O(2) nanocrystalline materials employed for photocatalysis have been characterised by means of X-ray diffraction, Raman, X-ray absorption (XANES and EXAFS) and UV-Vis spectroscopy and high resolution transmission electron microscopy. Single-phase samples with anatase or rutile type structures and similar tin contents permitted a separate study of the effect of Sn(4+) ions on these crystalline forms, whereas materials composed of anatase and rutile mixtures were used to investigate the distribution of the dopant cations when both phases coexist. The results obtained from the single-phase doped TiO(2) samples indicate that the presence of tin causes a different effect when doping anatase or rutile in both their structural and electronic properties. While a random substitution of Sn(4+) for Ti(4+) seems plausible for the rutile phase, some kind of gradient in Sn(4+) concentration is possible in anatase. On the other hand, when anatase and rutile coexist, effects of doping are visible in both phases. Regarding chemical composition, a homogeneous distribution of tin was found in both calcined and hydrothermal multiphase samples. Photocatalytic experiments show that both tin-doping and coexistence of different phases have a beneficial effect on the activity of the catalysts.
도르트 신경 회고를 통한 기술적 특이점과 인공지능 전망: ‘개혁주의 AI 신경’을 제언하며 (2018)

본고는 도르트 신경 회고를 통하여 기술적 특이점과 인공지능을 전망하며, 개혁주의 AI 신경을 제언한다. 도르트 신경은 「아르미니우스 신조」라고도 불리는 「항론파 5개 조항」에 대한 변증법적 변증을 위한 도르트 회의의 결과물이며, 이는 칼빈주의 5대 강령인 TULIP으로 요약된다. 당시에는 인간의 능력(이성 혹은 의지)을 강조한 휴머니즘적 자유의지가 교회의 가장 큰 위협이었다면, 오늘날에는 기계의 능력을 강조한 포스트휴머니즘적 인공지능이 그에 해당 할 것이다. 따라서, 개혁 교회가 당시에 도르트 회의를 통해 항론파를 변증하는 도르트 신경을 제정하였던 것처럼, 오늘날에도 여러 차례의 학술적 회의를 통해 특이점주의에 기독교를 변증하는 ‘개혁주의 AI 신경’을 제정할 필요가 절실하다.
가장 극단적인 신알미니안주의 형태인 열린신학은 우주의 그 어떤 것도 정해지지 않았으며, 절대자는 인간의 능력에 의해 예지(예정) 능력이 제한되기 때문에, 그(절대자)가 ‘부동의 동자’가 아닌 ‘가장 유동적인 동자’라고 주장한다. 기본적으로 무신론적인 특이점주의도 특이점 이후에 일어날 일은 그 누구도 알 수 없으며, 인간은 기계의 능력에 의해 신과 같이 되어 영원토록 살 수 있다고 주장한다. 이러한 특이점주의는 확장된 열신신학으로 보이며, 본고에서는 이를 마키나-알미니안주의라고 부른다. 도르트 신경을 따르는 개혁주의 입장에서 바라보는 이러한 기술적 특이점 주의는 신칼빈주의와 신알미니안주의 간의 대립의 연장선 상에 있다. 즉, 역사 전체를 통해 나타나는, 하나님의 통치권(혹은 예정)과 인간의 자유의지로 대표되는, 아우구스티누스 대 펠라기우스 간의 논쟁의 연속선상에 있다.
이러한 상황 속에서, 본고는 특이점 인공지능을 위시한 트랜스휴머니즘과 포스트휴머니즘의 주장이 무엇인지를 도르트 신경의 관점에서 평가한다. 먼저, 도르트 신경의 모티프로서의 ‘하나님의 영광’을 조사한다. 그런 다음, 기술적 특이점주의가 신알미니안주의적 열린 신학의 연장선상에 있음을 논증한다. 다음으로, 포스트휴머니즘적 특이점주의자들 가운데에 대표주자인 레이 커즈와일의 주장들(특이점 인공지능 5대 강령)을 도르트 신경과 대비하며 하나님의 영광의 관점에서 비판한다. 마지막으로, 소고를 마무리하며 ‘하나님의 영광’의 관점에서 ‘개혁주의 AI 신경’을 제안해 본다. 이를 통해, AI는 ‘인간의 영광’이 아닌 ‘하나님의 영광’을 위해서 개발되고 사용되어야 할 것을 주장한다.
Le coût de la formation dans les centres de formation d'apprentis (CFA) en 1993 (1995)

5,7 milliards de francs ont ete consacres en 1993 a la formation pedagogique des apprentis. Les collectivites locales financent 40 % des ressources totales des CFA. La Taxe d'apprentissage contribue au financement a hauteur de 25%
Dopant-assisted reactive low temperature plasma probe for sensitive and specific detection of explosives (2015)

A dopant-assisted reactive low temperature plasma (DARLTP) probe was developed for sensitive and specific detection of explosives by a miniature rectilinear ion trap mass spectrometer. The DARLTP probe was fabricated using a T-shaped quartz tube. The dopant gas was introduced into the plasma stream through a side-tube. Using CH2Cl2 doped wet air as the dopant gas, the detection sensitivities were improved about 4-fold (RDX), 4-fold (PETN), and 3-fold (tetryl) compared with those obtained using the conventional LTP. Furthermore, the formation of [M + (35)Cl](-) and [M + (37)Cl](-) for these explosives enhanced the specificity for their identification. Additionally, the quantities of fragment ions of tetryl and adduct ions such as [RDX + NO2](-) and [PETN + NO2](-) were dramatically reduced, which simplified the mass spectra and avoided the overlap of mass peaks for different explosives. The sensitivity improvement may be attributed to the increased intensity of reactant ion [HNO3 + NO3](-), which was enhanced 4-fold after the introduction of dopant gas. The limits of detection (LODs) for RDX, tetryl, and PETN were down to 3, 6, and 10 pg, respectively. Finally, an explosive mixture was successfully analyzed, demonstrating the potential of the DARLTP probe for qualitative and quantitative analysis of complicated explosives.
Excitation Functions of (p,xn)-Reactions on <sup>nat</sup>Ni and Highly Enriched <sup>62</sup>Ni: Possibility of Production of Medically Important Radioisotope <sup>62</sup>Cu at a Small Cyclotron (1992)

Article Excitation Functions of (p,xn)-Reactions on natNi and Highly Enriched 62Ni: Possibility of Production of Medically Important Radioisotope 62Cu at a Small Cyclotron was published on February 1, 1992 in the journal Radiochimica Acta (volume 57, issue 1).
Mechanical Properties of Particulate-Filled Systems (1967)

The theory of the elastic moduli of filled systems is reviewed from the interests of the experimental scientist rather than that of the theoretician. From the many theories and equations to be found in the literature, only those which fit closest to what is considered to be the best experimental data are selected for dis cussion. The effects of filler concentration, size, shape, and agglomeration are reviewed as well as the effects of interfacial adhesion. Based largely on experimental experience rather than theory, the general behavior of the stress-strain and dynamic mechanical properties of filled systems are summarized. Theoret ical equations are presented which cover the wide variations found in experimental determinations of thermal coefficients of expansion. To give some perspective to the scientist interested in all types of composite materials, a comparison is made between the modulus of an isotropic composite filled with spherical par ticles and the moduli of anisotropic composite containing uni axially oriented fibers.
Synthesis of Glycerol Triacetate Using a Brønsted–Lewis Acidic Ionic Liquid as the Catalyst (2015)

Abstract Brønsted–Lewis acidic ionic liquids (IL) were used in the esterification of glycerol and acetic acid to produce glycerol triacetate. The results show that the IL (3–sulfonic acid)–propyltriethylammonium chloroironinate [HO 3 S–(CH 2 ) 3 –NEt 3 ]Cl–[FeCl 3 ] x (molar fraction of FeCl 3 , x = 0.67) was an efficient catalyst for the esterification reaction. The yield of glycerol triacetate and its content were greater than 98 % when reacted under reflux for 4 h. It was observed that a synergistic effect of Brønsted and Lewis acid sites enhanced the catalytic performance of IL. The reusability of IL was good. After six reaction cycles, the glycerol triacetate yield and concentration were still greater than 98 %. Likewise, the Brønsted–Lewis acidic IL was an efficient catalyst for esterification reactions of high boiling points alcohols with acetic acid.
Cognitive Load Theory (2011)

Cognitive load theory is a learning and instruction theory that describes instructional design implications of human cognitive architecture outlined in the previous chapter. Based on these theoretically and empirically established instructional consequences (usually referred to as cognitive load effects or principles), the theory makes specific prescriptions on managing cognitive load in learning and instruction. The theory distinguishes several different types or sources of cognitive load (e.g., effective and ineffective load; intrinsic, extraneous, and germane load) that are associated with different instructional implications and cognitive load effects. This chapter analyzes cognitive load factors that could potentially influence efficiency of interactive multimedia applications (e.g., levels of element interactivity, spatial and temporal configurations of instructional presentations, redundant representational formats, levels of learner prior experience in a task domain). Basic assumptions of cognitive theory of multimedia learning are discussed. The chapter starts with the description of the sources of cognitive load followed by an overview of the major cognitive load effects. Request access from your librarian to read this chapter's full text.
Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for acute leukemia in adults. (1998)

From September 1993 to August 1997, 24 consecutive adult acute leukemia patients (20 AML and 4 ALL) received allogeneic bone marrow transplant (21 sibling, 1 twin, 2 MUD). The probability of 3 year leukemia free survival is 19/24 (79%), the transplant related mortality is 2/24 (8%), the relapse rate is 3/24 (13%). The median follow up period is 34 months (range 7-51). Three AML patients with high probability of TRM received a special radiation-free conditioning regimen (mitobronitol/cytarabine/ cyclophosphamide) originally described by Kelemen et al in CML patients for decreasing transplant related complications. All the three patients are alive and disease free over 3 years.
Bangs on Colombian Birds On a Small Collection of Birds from San Sebastian, Colombia Outram Bangs The Gray-Breasted Wood Wrens of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta Outram Bangs (1900)

Asalthe Ducks in'which there is a marked sexual difference in plumage.This post-nuptial plumage ''is mainly restricted to the head, neck, breast and scapulars," and is acquired just prior to the loss of the flight feathers at the regular annual post-breeding moult; it is of dull tints, and rather loose structure, and is worn for only a few weeks, or during the period when the birds are unable to fly, through the loss of the flight-feathers by moult.'*At such a time," says Mr. Stone, ''a dull blended plumage would naturally be important in rendering the bird inconspicuous and thereby protecting it, and such I think is the explanation of this curious molt."Mr. Stone has here for the first time clearly described this temporary post-nuptial plumage and suggested its réle in the economy of the species.As will be noticed later (see p. 186) Mr. Chapman has, independently and almost simultaneously, described this plumage in the King Eider and the Greenland Eider.-J. A. A. Stone on a New Race of Short-eared Owl.-Mr.Stone finds! that a series of Short-eared Owls from Point Barrow, Alaska, in Mr. McIlhenny's collection are much paler than birds from Pennsylvania, and on this basis he has named the Point Barrow birds Aséo accépitrinus mcilhennyt.-Waveko Ne Bangs on Colombian Birds.-Mr.Bangs has recently published two additional papers on the birds of the Santa Marta district of Colombia, based on collections made by Mr. W. W.Brown.The first? relates to a small collection made at San Sebastian, in June and July, 1899, at altitudes ranging from 6600 to gooo feet, on the opposite side of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta from the points where his previous collections were made.The list numbers 29 species, six of which had not been previously taken by Mr. Brown, one of the latter, Acestrura astreans, being described as new.The second paper® relates to the two species of Hexicorhina found to inhabit the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta region of Colombia, namely, the wide-ranging H. leucophrysand H. anchoreta, the latter here described as new, and as living in the higher parts of the mountains, at 11,000 to 12,000 feet, and above the range of H. leucophrys.-J. A. A.
Cloning and expression in <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> of the <i>npr</i> gene from <i>Bacillus thermoproteolyticus</i> Rokko coding for the thermostable metalloprotease thermolysin (1994)

We report the isolation, cloning and expression, in Bacillus subtilis, of the gene coding for thermolysin, a thermostable metalloprotease which is produced by Bacillus thermoproteolyticus Rokko. The nucleotide sequence has revealed that, like neutral proteases produced by other members of the Bacillus species, thermolysin is probably produced as a preproenzyme carrying a typical N-terminal membrane signal sequence. Further, the thermolysin gene shares a strong homology with two other previously cloned genes from two different strains of Bacillus stearothermophilus. The sequence of the mature secreted protease, inferred from the DNA sequence, is, with two exceptions, identical with the previously published protein sequence of thermolysin [Titani, Hermodson, Ericsson, Walsh and Neurath (1972) Nature (London) 238, 35-37]. The exceptions are Asn37 and Gln119, originally reported to be Asp and Glu respectively. The biochemical characterization of the secreted recombinant protein shows that it is indistinguishable from the wild-type thermolysin.
Theory of superexchange (1966)

The `potential' exchange term in Anderson's model of superexchange has been evaluated numerically using KNiF3 and NiO as examples. This term is appreciable and supports Anderson's conclusion that correlation effects must be allowed for carefully to give a proper estimate of exchange effects.