gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microlaser microscope (2002)

The microlaser microscope (Webb, 1990) is a laser scanning confocal microscope that will someday be entirely on a single semiconductor chip. The heart of the device is an array of vcsels-vertical cavity surface emitting lasers. When available we will use a 1024/spl times/1024 array as the source for a scanning laser imaging system, and we will use this same array as the detector point-by-point conjugate to the source and its projection on the object. The present reality is that we have much smaller arrays available, but we are able to demonstrate the principle in its entirety with these. The eventual goal of this work is to develop a confocal microscope that is tiny enough to move with living patients, (at their bedsides?) so that a true optical "biopsy" can be anticipated. We often need to look at tissue at the cellular level for diagnostic purposes, but at present we need to cut it out of the patient first. The power of confocal microscopy is that it can observe cells in a thick sample at depths of some 10ths of microns from a surface. By using a video rate device we are able to allow for patient motion. By making the device tiny, we permit attachment to the patient or insertion into the patient. Experience with retina and skin leads us to anticipate that this microlaser microscope, when we can use the full arrays that will eventually appear, will provide fast, safe "biopsies" without surgery.
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleosides and Nucleotides. Part 189. Investigation of the Stereoselective Coupling of Thymine with meso‐Thiolane‐3,4‐diol‐1‐oxide Derivatives via the Pummerer Reaction. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Subcritical measurements for a HEU storage vault at the Y-12 Plant using the {sup 252}Cf-source-driven frequency-analysis method (1997)

The tube vaults at the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant were constructed in 1975 out of massive amounts of concrete to safely store large quantities of highly enriched uranium (HEU) metal. At the time of construction, criticality safety specialists were concerned about the concrete drying out over time. The difference between dry and wet concrete is the absence of unbound water, which results in a change in the hydrogen content of the concrete by a factor of 2. For this system, dry concrete increases the neutron interaction between the uranium metal castings in the array. With the development of the {sup 252}Cf-source-driven frequency-analysis method for the determination of subcriticality, it became feasible to perform a more sensitive, meaningful, and relevant subcriticality measurement of this vault configuration with HEU. For this vault loading, the average mass of the castings was 18.75 kg of uranium, and the {sup 235}U enrichment was 93.2 wt %. These measurements are interpreted with a general Monte Carlo model rather than limited-point kinetics models that were used in previous measurements. This measurement and analysis shows how the {sup 252}Cf-source-driven frequency-analysis method with MCNP-DSP can be used to obtain the subcritical neutron multiplication factor and the bias in calculationalmore » methods for criticality safety for an in-plant configuration of fissile material. The determination of the neutron multiplication factor from the measured data did not depend on knowing the condition of the vault concrete. The use of a more general Monte Carlo model in place of the limited-point kinetics models extends the application of this method.« less
Impact of Intraoperative Edema During Transperineal Permanent Prostate Brachytherapy on Computer-Optimized and Preimplant Planning Techniques (2004)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUrological Survey: Abstracts: Urological Oncology: Prostate Cancer1 Oct 2004Impact of Intraoperative Edema During Transperineal Permanent Prostate Brachytherapy on Computer-Optimized and Preimplant Planning Techniques Patrick C. WalshM.D. Patrick C. WalshPatrick C. Walsh More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(05)61241-4AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Impact of Intraoperative Edema During Transperineal Permanent Prostate Brachytherapy on Computer-Optimized and Preimplant Planning Techniques." The Journal of Urology, 172(4 Part 1), p. 1558 © 2004 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 172Issue 4 Part 1October 2004Page: 1558 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2004 by American Urological Association, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Patrick C. Walsh More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...
A Cationic Silver Pyrazine Coordination Polymer with High Capacity Anion Uptake from Water (2019)

We report the first example of linker modification for an N-donor Ag-based cationic material while maintaining and in some cases increasing the anion exchange capacity. Cationic silver(I) pyrazine nitrate selectively traps harmful oxo-anions from water such as permanganate, perrhenate and a variety of α,ω-alkanedicarboxylates. We chose these anions as initial examples of exchange for potential water purification. The host-guest interaction between the cationic layers of π-stacked silver pyrazine polymers and the incoming/outgoing interlamellar anions allows for the exchange. The exchange capacity over 24 h reached 435 and 818 mg/g for permanganate and perrhenate, respectively, a record for a crystalline metal-organic material and over five times the exchange capacity compared to commercial resin. The material also undergoes organic exchange as an analog for pharmaceutical waste, some of which have a carboxylate functionality at the neutral pH range typical of natural water sources. Both the as-synthesized and exchanged materials are characterized by a variety of analytical techniques.
Treatment modality and outcomes among early-stage non-small cell lung cancer patients with COPD: a cohort study (2020)

Surgical resection should be considered as the first choice for early-stage NSCLC with COPD. Despite poor lung function or general patient condition, RT rather than SC can be an alternative option if surgery is not feasible. A multi-disciplinary approach and active communication between patients and physicians might be helpful for adequate decision-making regarding treatment for patients with early-stage NSCLC and COPD.
A fast indexing method for shells of the gosset lattice (2011)

An iterative algorithm for indexing codevectors that are taken from
spherical shells of the Gosset lattice E8 is described. The proposed approach has a
significantly lower computational complexity than the traditional Schalkwijk indexing
method. Both methods are described in detail and an analysis of the encoding
and decoding complexity is presented. The new indexing method is implemented
in the “Gosset Low Complexity Vector Quantizer” (GLCVQ) which is used for
super-wideband transform audio coding in Amd. 6 to ITU-T Rec. G.729.1.
1-(2-Fluorophenyl)-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)thiourea (2010)

The two m-meth-oxy groups of the title compound, C(17)H(17)FN(2)O(4)S, are almost coplanar with the aromatic ring [CH(3)-O-C-C = 5.8 (1) and 5.9 (1)°], whereas the meth-oxy group in the para position is bent out of the ring plane [78.6 (1)°]. Mol-ecules are connected by inter-molecular N-H⋯S hydrogen bonds to form centrosymmetric dimers that are stacked along the a axis.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) proviral DNA load in purified CD4+ cells by LightCycler® Real-time PCR (2005)

We have developed a fast, sensitive and specific relative quantification assay of HIV-1 proviral DNA in purified CD4+ cells. The assay enables the monitoring of HIV-1 proviral load, which may be useful to monitor therapy efficacy especially in patients with undetectable plasma RNA viral load, and allows the exploration of viral reservoirs.
Modified Humoral Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition Test for Detection of Lung Cancer (1989)

The freshly separated indicator cells (suspension of leukocytes) used in humoral leukocyte adherence inhibition test were labeled either with 14C-amino acid mixture or 3H-concanavalin A (3H-ConA). Instead of counting the adherent cells, the amount of 'adherent' radioactivity was measured by a liquid scintillation spectrometer. By the modified method, sera from 25 lung-carcinoma-bearing patients as well as serum samples from 21 healthy persons were examined in the presence of crude antigens prepared from 'normal' lung tissue or lung tumors of various histologic types. Although the results demonstrated high specificity and reproducibility of both methods, the binding of 3H-ConA to the surface of adherent cells is more expressed and assures higher levels of radioactivity.
[Priapism--clinical aspects and treatment]. (1977)

<p>The development of multifunctional systems for investigation of different parameters involved in chemical reactions is a vital problem in case of low concentrations of tested matter. Here, we investigate hybrid plasmonic-dielectric system and demonstrate possibility of such application for multifunctional sensing.</p>
Effect of a Cardiac Glycoside (Cedilanid) on the Sodium and Potassium Balance of the Human Heart (1956)

Previous studies on the isolated heart have demonstrated that digitalis glycosides can mobilize potassium from the heart muscle. Using catheterization of the coronary sinus of dogs' hearts, it could also be shown that the injection of acetyl strophanthidin results in negative myocardial balances of potassium and in positive balances of sodium. The results described in this report, using Cedilanid in therapeutic dosages, indicate that this glycoside has no effect on the sodium and potassium balance of the human heart. A significant increase in potassium concentration in arterial and coronary sinus blood occurred. The findings suggest that Cedilanid, in therapeutic doses, causes potassium liberation primarily from extracardiac tissues.
Fluorescence Studies on the Phase Dependence of Interactions between a Tripeptide, Lys–Trp–Lys, and Dimyristoylphosphatidylserine (1989)

Abstract Interactions of a basic tripeptide, lysyl-tryptophyl-lysine (LTL) with dimyristoylphosphatidylserine (DMPS) were investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy. An interacting LTL–DMPS complex assumes two distinctly different conformations in the lipid bilayer depending on the thermotropic phase of lipid. At temperatures below the gel–liquid crystalline phase-transition temperature (Tc), LTL binds to the polar head groups of DMPS through electrostatic force, and the tryptophan residue is located on the surface of the membrane because of the rigidity of the head groups. Above Tc, it assumes a conformation such that the tryptophan residue slips deeply into the DMPS bilayer. The temperature dependence of the fluorescence quenching by acrylamide supported the penetration of the tryptophan upon the phase transition of DMPS. A fluorescence decay analysis based on the photophysical deactivation mechanism of tryptophan residue has revealed a peculiar interaction of LTL with DMPS in the bilayer.
Fatigue behavior of medium‐density polyethylene pipes for gas distribution (1993)

Abstract This paper illustrates the factors that control brittle failure under fatigue loading for test specimens cut from medium‐density polyethylene pipes for gas distribution. A square bar specimen cut from a pipe with a notch was made and a fatigue test was conducted to cause a brittle failure. To obtain the correlation among stress range, frequency, temperature, and cycles to failure in this fatigue test, Coffin‐Manson's frequency‐modified fatigue life equation was adopted and the material constants were determined. By gradually lowering the frequency, the resistance to creep can be estimated because cycles to failure—indicating the fatigue damage—decreased, and the actual loading time—indicating the creep damage—increased.
Error performance and throughput evaluation of a multi-Gbps millimeter-wave WPAN system in the presence of adjacent and co-channel interference (2009)

This paper investigates the impact of adjacent channel interference (ACI) and co-channel interference (CCI) on error performance and throughput of a multi-Gbps millimeterwave wireless personal area network (WPAN) system in a realistic residential line-of-sight (LOS) and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) multipath environment. The main contribution of this paper is providing a multi-Gbps WPAN system design in the challenging multipath environment in the presence of ACI/CCI. Based on the investigation results, we have provided ACI/CCI rejection as a reference for victim receiver protection design. In the NLOS environment, the ACI rejection (i.e. ACI that causes 0.5 dB degradation in the required signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) to achieve bit error rate (BER) of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-6</sup> ) for pi/2-BPSK, QPSK, 8 PSK and 16 QAM are 13, 7, 0 and -6dB respectively. And the CCI rejection for similar modulation schemes are -18, -20, -26 and -29 respectively. Secondly, we have clarified the LOS-NLOS relationship of the ACI/CCI impact to system performance. ACI in multipath NLOS environment causes an additional 5 dB degradation to error performance as compared to ACI in the LOS environment. CCI on the other hand, has similar impact on error performance in both LOS and NLOS environment. Thirdly, we have clarified the relationship between modulation spectral efficiency and robustness against ACI/CCI. In an environment with no or low ACI/CCI, the maximum achievable throughput for pi/2-BPSK, QPSK, 8 PSK and 16 QAM in LOS environment are 1.2, 2.5, 3.8 and 5 Gbps respectively. In NLOS environment, the achievable throughput decreases to 1, 1.9, 2.8 and 3.8 Gbps respectively. As ACI/CCI increases, the throughput of higherorder modulation schemes such as 16 QAM decreases the most rapidly, followed by 8 PSK and QPSK. The throughput for pi/2-BPSK has the highest tolerance against increasing ACI/CCI, at the expense of lower maximum achievable throughput.
Apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage (AIM) expression in alveolar macrophages in COPD (2013)

These results suggest that AIM expression in association with cigarette smoking may be involved in accumulation of AM in COPD.
Archaeology Through Computational Linguistics: Inscription Statistics Predict Excavation Sites of Indus Valley Artifacts (2015)

Computational techniques comparing co-occurrences of city names in texts allow the relative longitudes and latitudes of cities to be estimated algorithmically. However, these techniques have not been applied to estimate the provenance of artifacts with unknown origins. Here, we estimate the geographic origin of artifacts from the Indus Valley Civilization, applying methods commonly used in cognitive science to the Indus script. We show that these methods can accurately predict the relative locations of archeological sites on the basis of artifacts of known provenance, and we further apply these techniques to determine the most probable excavation sites of four sealings of unknown provenance. These findings suggest that inscription statistics reflect historical interactions among locations in the Indus Valley region, and they illustrate how computational methods can help localize inscribed archeological artifacts of unknown origin. The success of this method offers opportunities for the cognitive sciences in general and for computational anthropology specifically.
Bacterial Diversity Assessment in Antarctic Terrestrial and Aquatic Microbial Mats: A Comparison between Bidirectional Pyrosequencing and Cultivation (2014)

The application of high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene has increased the size of microbial diversity datasets by several orders of magnitude, providing improved access to the rare biosphere compared with cultivation-based approaches and more established cultivation-independent techniques. By contrast, cultivation-based approaches allow the retrieval of both common and uncommon bacteria that can grow in the conditions used and provide access to strains for biotechnological applications. We performed bidirectional pyrosequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene diversity in two terrestrial and seven aquatic Antarctic microbial mat samples previously studied by heterotrophic cultivation. While, not unexpectedly, 77.5% of genera recovered by pyrosequencing were not among the isolates, 25.6% of the genera picked up by cultivation were not detected by pyrosequencing. To allow comparison between both techniques, we focused on the five phyla (Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Deinococcus-Thermus) recovered by heterotrophic cultivation. Four of these phyla were among the most abundantly recovered by pyrosequencing. Strikingly, there was relatively little overlap between cultivation and the forward and reverse pyrosequencing-based datasets at the genus (17.1-22.2%) and OTU (3.5-3.6%) level (defined on a 97% similarity cut-off level). Comparison of the V1-V2 and V3-V2 datasets of the 16S rRNA gene revealed remarkable differences in number of OTUs and genera recovered. The forward dataset missed 33% of the genera from the reverse dataset despite comprising 50% more OTUs, while the reverse dataset did not contain 40% of the genera of the forward dataset. Similar observations were evident when comparing the forward and reverse cultivation datasets. Our results indicate that the region under consideration can have a large impact on perceived diversity, and should be considered when comparing different datasets. Finally, a high number of OTUs could not be classified using the RDP reference database, suggesting the presence of a large amount of novel diversity.
Reply by the author to B. Ursin (1987)

I thank Dr. Ursin for providing a firm foundation to what was essentially a numerical study. I find Dr. Ursin’s comments on interface waves particularly interesting and appreciate his remarks on what happens when the denominator of the reflection coefficient expression becomes zero.
Spectrum broadening and carrier-envelope offset frequency measurement based on cross-phase modulation in a photonic crystal fiber (2004)

We observed a 200-nm spectrum broadening of the third harmonics (520 nm) of an Er-doped mode-locked fiber laser (1560 nm) based on cross-phase modulation in a photonic crystal fiber.
Accelerated rejection of murine cardiac allografts by murine cytomegalovirus-infected recipients. Lack of haplotype specificity. (1993)

Clinical studies have revealed a correlation between cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and acute allograft rejection. Likewise, for a murine model we observed that C3H (H-2k) recipients infected with murine CMV (MCMV) rejected BALB/c (H-2d) cardiac allografts earlier than uninfected recipients (6.9 +/- 0.1 d compared with 8.1 +/- 0.6 d; P < 0.001). It has been hypothesized that MCMV epitopes crossreact with alloantigens and in this manner induce rejection. However, we also demonstrated that MCMV caused accelerated rejection in the reverse combination (C3H heart engrafted to BALB/c recipient; 7.2 +/- 0.3 and 9.4 +/- 0.4 d for infected and control animals, respectively; P < 0.001) and accelerated rejection of grafts of a third, unrelated haplotype (C57Bl/6; H-2b; 8.0 +/- 0.7 d compared with 10.1 +/- 0.6 for infected and control C3H recipients, respectively; P < 0.03). Ultraviolet (UV) inactivation of MCMV before administration to the graft recipient abrogated the ability to induce rapid rejection. Activated T lymphocytes were present in grafts from infected recipients 2 d before control recipients (P < 0.02) and, at the time of graft rejection, were almost exclusively CD8+ for both infected and control recipients. Thus, MCMV accelerated rejection appears not to result from crossreaction between MCMV epitopes and MHC products. The failure of UV-inactivated virus to accelerate rejection and the high proportion of CD8+ T cells recovered from all rejected grafts suggest that the class I pathway of antigen presentation may be important in the induction of early rejection.
Absorption and dispersion of the field induced dielectric increment in caprolactam–cyclohexane solutions (1975)

The nonlinear dielectric effect in solutions of ε-caprolactam in cyclohexane is studied by a new differential technique over the frequency range of 2 to 100 MHz. The frequency dependent real and imaginary parts of the field induced permittivity increment are obtained. Cole–Cole plots show a concentration dependent dielectric relaxation, to which a single Debye term is fitted. The relation of relaxation times with concentration is not consistent with a simple dimerization mechanism. Static permittivity measurements indicate the presence of polar associates. An expression is derived including those contributions to the observed nonlinear effect, which are frequency independent within the range studied. Calibration measurements on diethyl ether–cyclohexane solutions are reported and the effect measured in pure cyclohexane is discussed.
The influence of structure and conformation on electronic interactions of 4′‐nitro‐10‐phenylphenothiazine (1984)

Abstract The crystal structure of 4′‐nitro‐10‐phenylphenothiazine, 1 , has been determined by the single crystal x‐ray diffraction studies and consists of two independent molecules in the asymmetric cell unit with a pseudo‐center of symmetry. The crystal belongs to the monoclinic System with the space group P2 1 /c. The central ring of the phenothiazine ring system is in a boat conformation and the 4′‐nitro substituent is in a boat‐axial conformation with respect to the central ring of phenothiazine. Compound 1 is the first reported 10‐aryl phenothiazine in which the 10‐phenyl ring is perpendicular to the plane bisecting the dihedral angle of the phenothiazine nucleus. This geometry allows for resonance interaction between the lone pair of electrons on N 10 and the 4′‐nitro‐10‐phenyl ring which influences both the spectral properties and structure of the phenothiazine tricyclic ring. The correlation between the x‐ray structure and 13 C nmr spectral properties of 1 is discussed. The uv/vis and esr studies of the radical cation of 1 indicate that the 10‐aryl ring is twisted with respect to the phenothiazine ring.