gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Singular Spectrum Analysis for time series: Introduction to this special issue (2010)

In this introduction we briefly describe the methodology of the Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA), some versions and extensions of the basic version of SSA as well as connections between SSA and subspace-based methods in signal processing. We also briefly touch upon some history of SSA and mention some areas of application of SSA.
Effects of Fragrance on Emotions: Moods and Physiology (2005)

Smelling a delightful aroma can be a very pleasurable experience, but can it be measured scientifically? Over the past 20 years International Flavors & Fragrances Inc. (IFF) has been working to refine its methods of measuring both the subjective and physiological effects of aromas and fragrances on emotions. We have developed a selfreport method called Mood Mapping™ that reliably measures the mood associations of aromas, whether simple ingredients or finished fragrances in consumer products (Warrenburg, 2002). Mood Mapping provides a choice of eight mood categories to panelists, who are asked to smell the aroma of a sample and ‘pick the mood category that best matches the aroma of the sample’. We found that this straightforward voting technique results in clearer and more reliable differentiation among aromas than do techniques that require respondents to rate each mood for each sample being evaluated. The resulting mood profiles of each aroma can be mapped by multidimensional scaling or principal component analysis. Figure 1 displays the voting results for clementine, a citrus aroma, versus vanilla. Both are equally pleasant, but the former is more stimulating and the latter more relaxing. The Mood Map reflects these differences by their positions in the Arousal (Y) dimension, yet also shows their hedonic similarity on the Positive/Negative (X) dimension. The other points are other aromas that evoke different patterns of the eight moods. Measurement of moods in this way can be conducted in combination with consumer research of fragranced (or flavored) products. When these results are mapped we have found that the four positive moods identify the major dimensions of the map. Thus, positive consumer reactions tend to reflect the major mood dimensions of happiness, stimulation, relaxation and sensuality that underlie a wide variety of specific attributes identified as applying to such products. Furthermore, we have found that this is true in populations tested around the world. We have built a database for our creative staff, called the Consumer Fragrance Thesaurus, that catalogs the moods, attributes, colors and other qualities of fragrances tested in different areas of the world (Warrenburg, 1999). One of our principal interests has been to discover whether fragrance can be used as a stress-relief agent in a consumer product. Stress is a global affliction, a fact that is not only acknowledged anec
Optical coherence tomography: principles, instrumentations, and applications (1999)

Summary form only given. There has been tremendous progress in optical coherence tomography (OCT) and other interferometric techniques using broad-bandwidth optical sources for a wide range of precision sensor, reflectometry, and imaging applications. The use of interferometric detection of broad-bandwidth sources has three fundamental advantages over standard direct detection optical imaging techniques: (1) the ability to achieve shot-noise-limited detection and thus high sensitivity (>149 dB), (2) the ability to achieve high dynamic range (<100 dB) as the received signal is proportional to the electric field, and (3) the ability to perform high-resolution phase-sensitive temporal gating yielding improved depth discrimination (<10 /spl mu/m). These features combined with improved theoretical understanding and an improved technology base, primarily driven by advances in the fiber-optic telecommunications community, have resulted in a powerful new visualization capability for a wide range of applications. OCT may have a major impact on numerous market sectors similar to the impact of X-ray CT, MRI, and ultrasound.
글로벌 거버넌스와 국제제도: 유엔의 사례를 중심으로 (2006)

글로벌 거버넌스는 냉전이후 발생하는 다양한 지구촌의 문제와 과제를 해결하기 위한 주체를 국가 또는 유엔과 같은 전통적인 국제정치 행위자에만 국한하는 것이 아니라 유엔 산하 다양한 기관들, 국제적 NGO, 지식공동체(epistemic community), 비확산 레짐 등 새로운 초국가적 행위자들도 포함시키는 새로운 패러다임을 제시한다. 또한 주제와 아젠다에 따라 흔히 안보 거버넌스, 경제 거버넌스, 환경 거버넌스, 인권 거버넌스, 평화 거버넌스 등으로 확대 발전되고 있다. 따라서 이러한 국제조직들의 역할과 이러한 국제조직들의 국제적 행위를 다스리는 제도가 최근의 국제정치에서 나타나는 비약적 현상이라고 할 수 있는데 이 글에서는 글로벌 거버넌스와 국제기구와의 관계와 역할 등을 국제제도 중심으로 살펴보기로 한다. 이를 위해 우선 글로벌 거버넌스의 출현 배경과 합의된 개념적 정의가 없어 다양하게 제시되고 있는 글로벌 거버넌스의 개념적 논의에 대하여 살펴보기로 한다. 둘째, 이를 바탕으로 글로벌 거버넌스의 이론적 토대를 제공하고 있는 국제레짐과 국제 제도에 관한 논의를 분석틀로 살펴본다. 기본적으로 국제제도와 레짐에 관한 논의를 글로벌 거버넌스와 동일시하여 다루는 경향이 많은데 이에 관한 원인분석 및 글로벌 거버넌스와 제도 및 레짐과의 관계를 분석하기로 한다. 셋째, 국제제도의 발전경로를 추적하여 유엔을 중심으로한 국제기구의 발전과정을 글로벌 거버넌스와 제도적 관점에서 분석하기로 한다. 제도란 흔히 역사적 산물이다. 따라서 국제정치가 경험해온 과정에 대한 풍부한 서술을 할 수 있는 장점이 있어 향후 글로벌 거버넌스를 위한 틀을 제시한다는 점에서 유용한 도구라고 할 수 있다. 마지막으로 글로벌 거버넌스 현상과 제도가 한국에 미치는 영향과 동북아 중심국가로 부상하고자하는 한국으로서 국제기구와 제도를 통한 국가전략은 무엇인지를 분석하기로 한다.
Investigation of Nonionic Surfactant Dynol-604 Based Reverse Microemulsions Formed in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (2001)

The solubility of Dynol-604 (a surfactant) in supercritical (SC) CO2 and the phase behavior of the CO2/water/Dynol-604 system were studied at different temperatures and pressures. The results showed that the solubility of the surfactant in SC CO2 is high and one-phase water-in-CO2 microemulsions could be formed although Dynol-604 is a nonfluorous and nonsiloxane nonionic surfactant. The solvatochromic probe studies and the UV spectrum of lysozyme in the supercritical CO2/water/Dynol-604 system further proved the existence of a water domain in the supercritical CO2 microemulsions.
The Effect of Reactive Oxygen Species on Equine Sperm Motility, Viability, Acrosomal Integrity, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential, and Membrane Lipid Peroxidation (2000)

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to examine the influence of reactive oxygen species (ROS), generated through the use of the xanthine (X)‐xanthine oxidase (XO) system, on equine sperm motility, viability, acrosomal integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential, and membrane lipid peroxidation. Equine spermatozoa were separated from seminal plasma on a discontinuous Percoll gradient, and spermatozoa were incubated with 0.6 mM X and 0.05 U/mL XO for 30 minutes. Catalase (150 U/mL), superoxide dismutase (SOD, 150 U/mL), or glutathione (GSH, 1.5 mM) were evaluated for their ability to preserve sperm function in the presence of the induced oxidative stress. At the end of the 30‐minute incubation, sperm motility was determined by computer‐assisted semen analysis. Viability and acrosomal integrity were determined by Hoechst‐ Pisum sativum staining, and mitochondrial membrane potential was determined by staining with JC‐1. Incubation with the X‐XO system led to a significant ( P < .01) increase in hydrogen peroxide production and an associated decrease ( P < .01) in motility parameters. Total motility was significantly ( P < .01) lower in the presence of X‐XO compared with the case of the control (29% ± 9% vs 73% ± 1%, respectively). Catalase, but not SOD, prevented a decline in motility secondary to oxidative stress (71% ± 4% vs 30% ± 3%, respectively). The addition of glutathione had an intermediate effect in preserving sperm motility at the end of the 30‐minute incubation (53% ± 3%). No influence of X‐XO could be determined on viability, acrosomal integrity, or mitochondrial membrane potential. In order to promote lipid peroxidation, samples were incubated with ferrous sulfate (0.64 mM) and sodium ascorbate (20 mM) for 2 hours after the X‐XO incubation. No increase in membrane lipid peroxidation was detected. This study indicates that hydrogen peroxide is the major ROS responsible for damage to equine spermatozoa. The decrease in sperm motility associated with ROS occurs in the absence of any detectable decrease in viability, acrosomal integrity, or mitochondrial membrane potential or of any detectable increase in lipid peroxidation.
Determination of Total Moisture in Carbon Blacks (1930)

Abstract IN THE course of an extended research on various grades of carbon black, determinations of total moisture were made by an adaptation of an old method. The method used was similar to one described by Allen and Jacobs ( 1 ) for measuring water in tar. The chief difference in the present method is that small amounts of moisture in carbon blacks must be weighed, whereas the larger amounts in tar could be measured. The difficulties in weighing the evolved moisture are described in the ensuing method of determination. Five grams of carbon black were placed in a 500-cc. round-bottom flask with 25 to 35 cc. of dry xylene and 200 cc. of dry mineral oil. A short air condenser led to the bottom of a 25-cc. distilling flask, which in turn was connected to two or more calcium chloride tubes. The flask containing the sample was heated to 150-175° C. in an oil bath, a stream of dry nitrogen being passed through the apparatus. The water and xylene were distilled into the small distilling flask and thence, by warming in a water bath, into the calcium chloride tubes, the current of nitrogen being continued. It required but a few minutes to remove the water from the xylene, indicated by the disappearance of cloudiness, and the calcium chloride tubes were then connected directly to the nitrogen line and the gas was passed through until the tubes reached constant weight. ylene is not adsorbed by calcium chloride and nitrogen does not remove water from it at room temperature during the time required for the experiment. The increase in weight of the calcium chloride tubes is the amount of water in the sample of carbon black. The amount of water thus determined is considerably higher than the 105° C. oven loss in 5 hours, and indicates that most of the moisture is of the “bound” or “capillary” type.
Women's leadership status in the American Public Health Association. (1987)

Content analyses of the official printed programs for the 1973 and 1983 annual meetings of the American Public Health Association were used to compare the proportion of men and women serving as officers of the Association, members of the Executive Board, section representatives to the APHA Governing Council, and officers of section councils. The findings suggest substantial progress for women in gaining access to APHA leadership, despite continued underrepresentation in several of the Association's highest offices.
Electrosleep Therapy (1974)

Twenty-eight patients participated in a controlled double-blind study to determine the effectiveness of electrosleep as a treatment modality. To our knowledge this is the first study in the English literature in which the peripheral rhythmic electrical stimulation has been eliminated, thereby allowing the results of the current effect on the brain to be independently evaluated. Both global ratings by patients and physicians on the fifth day of treatment and on two-week follow-up indicate that current effect is not associated with significant improvement, although patient global ratings on day 5 indicate a trend in this direction. Self-rating scales by patients indicate no significant improvement for anxiety, insomnia, or somatic complaints. Depressive self-rating scales do show a significant improvement on day 5 of treatment, but no carry over effect to the two-week follow-up.
Mosaicing of fisheye images through conformal projection and sphere matching (2017)

The use of fisheye image stitching is a popular method to produce panoramic images rapidly. A fisheye lens with a large angle can reduce the number of times of image acquisition, but distortion makes the registration of images difficult. As a key determinant of the effect of fisheye image mosaic quality, the estimation of external parameters of images has become a core issue in panorama generation. Previously established methods require additional measurement devices or are only suitable for specific scenarios. In this study, we develop an image mosaic method. A large-angle fisheye lens is adopted for conformal projection and spherical matching. First, to facilitate the search for corresponding corners, the source images are rotated by 90°. Then, conformal projection transformation is utilized to present the feature structures of the overlap area of two images in a consistent manner. Second, the searched corner points are projected onto the unit sphere, and the motion parameters are estimated with the direct linear transform method. Experimental results show that our method can efficiently complete image registration with a large angle between fisheye images. Hence, a full-view panoramic image of 360°×180° can be obtained with the use of two fisheye cameras with an angle of more than 180°.
Cloning and molecular characterization of the trithorax locus of Drosophila melanogaster. (1989)

The trithorax (trx) locus of Drosophila melanogaster affects segment determination primarily in the thoracic region. Mutant flies show transformations of the third and, to a lesser extent, first thoracic segment toward the second thoracic segment; abdominal transformations also occur. Prior genetic evidence suggested that these effects are based on interactions between trx and genes of the bithorax complex and Antennapedia complex. Further, interactions between the maternal effect locus female sterile homeotic (fsh) and trx have been observed. To aid in a molecular analysis of trx function, we have cloned the locus by a P-element transposon tagging approach. Five insertion mutations have been mapped within a region of about 10 kilobases; one of these mutations reverted coincident with the loss of the insertion. Transcription mapping suggests that two RNAs of about 12 and 15 kilobases are the major transcripts of the trx locus and that the transcription unit comprises a region of about 25 kilobases. Transcripts from the trx locus are distributed uniformly in early embryos, but at 14-16 hr after fertilization the ventral nerve cord contains a higher concentration of trx RNA than other regions of the embryo.
Development and applications of digital holography to particle field measurement and in vivo biological imaging (2014)

Early pregnancy is one of the most critical periods of pregnancy, and many factors such as cytokines, enzymes, and members of the immune system have to cooperate in a balanced way. In the present study, the gene expression profiles of factors associated with pregnancy such as EGF, transforming growth factor beta, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interferon gamma, insulin-like growth factor 2, insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor, and matrix metalloproteinase 2 were analyzed in uterine tissues of female cats. The cats were assigned to five groups: G1 (embryo positive, n = 7; 7th day after mating), G2 (after implantation, n = 7; 20th day after mating), G3 (midgestation, n = 7; 24-25th day after mating), G4 (late gestation, n = 7; 30-45th day after mating), G5 (oocyte group, n = 7; 7th day after estrus). Tissue samples from the uterus and placenta were collected after ovariohysterectomy. Relative messenger RNA levels were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. All the factors examined were detected in all tissue samples. In the course of pregnancy, significantly higher expression of EGF and matrix metalloproteinase 2 in G2 than in G1 was observed (P < 0.05). Insulin-like growth factor 2 expression was higher in all groups than in G1 (P < 0.05). Upregulation of EGF during implantation was detected. The expression of interferon gamma was significantly higher in G3 than in G1 (P < 0.05). Transforming growth factor beta and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor were constantly expressed in all groups. In conclusion, the expressions of these factors in feline uterine tissue at different stages of pregnancy might indicate that these factors play roles in the development of pregnancy such as trophoblast invasion, vascularization, implantation, and placentation.
Colorimetric Determination of Boron Using Carmine (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTColorimetric Determination of Boron Using CarmineJ. T. Hatcher and L. V. WilcoxCite this: Anal. Chem. 1950, 22, 4, 567–569Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60040a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60040a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views925Altmetric-Citations179LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Reform of Secondary Education (1974)

What really counts in education, writes the Commission chairman, are goals, objectives, and the results. He pre sents here highlights of several of the Commission's positions, including teacher training, rank-in-class, the Carnegie Unit, and alternatives.
[Cardiac arrhythmia classification based on multi-features and support vector machines]. (2011)

To solve the problem of cardiac arrhythmias classification, we proposed a novel algorithm based on the multi-feature fusion and support vector machines (SVM). Kernel independent component analysis (KICA) was used to extract nonlinear features and wavelet transform (WT) was used to extract time-frequency features. Combining these features could include more information about the disease. We designed the classification model based on SVM combined with error correcting output codes (ECOC). Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and Area Under the ROC curve (AUC) value were used to assess the classification model. The value of AUC is 0.956 against MIT-BIH arrhythmia database. Experimental results showed effectiveness of the proposed method.
Phase difference detection pixel restoration using adaptive weighted interpolation (2016)

Phase difference detection auto-focusing technique is widely used in mobile cameras due to its fast auto focus speed. To generate the phase difference in the mobile camera, the partially masked sensor pixels are deployed in the image sensor. Because these partially masked sensor pixels reduce the amount of incoming light, these pixels should be restored for high image quality. In this paper, we propose phase difference detection pixel restoration method using adaptive weighted interpolation. Experimental results show that the proposed method provides high image quality.
Surgical removal of orbital osteoma (1976)

Thr authors report a patient with a large orbital osteoma causing marked physical deformity and diplopia but with preservation of visual acuity. A combined transorbital and transcranial operative approach was used for total tumor removal and cosmetic repair.
Synthesis and applications of multifunctional hybrid materials based on microgel particles (2016)

Die Kombination aus anorganischen Nanopartikeln und Mikrogelen in einem hybriden System erlaubt die Herstellung von Materialien mit vielseitigen neuen Eigenschaften. Im Idealfall weisen solche hybriden Materialien neben den Eigenschaften von beiden indivduellen Systemen zusätzlich synergetische Effekte auf, welche aus den Interaktionen zwischen dem anorganischen Nanopartikel und dem Mikrogel resultieren. Im ersten Teil dieser Arbeit wird eine neuartige und eingängige Methode zur Herstellung von Cu2O@PNIPAM Kern-Schale Nanoreaktoren präsentiert. Die PNIPAM Schale schützt dabei die Cu2O Nanopartikel effektiv vor Oxidation. Die Cu2O@PNIPAM wurden als Photokatalysator zum Abbau von Methylorange unter sichtbarem Licht eingesetzt. Im Vergleich zu den reinen Cu2O Nanopartikeln konnte eine signifikante Steigerung der katalytischen Aktivität festgestellt werden. Desweiteren kann die photokatalytische Aktivität mittels Temperatur durch die thermosensitive PNIPAM Schale abgestimmt werden. Verhältnismäßig geringe Konzentrationen einer Cu2O@PNIPAM wässrigen Lösung (1,5 Gew%) können direkt als neuartige Tinte genutzt werden. Keine zusätzlichen Additive oder organische Lösungsmittel sind für die Strahldruckprozesse vonnöten. Gedruckte Bauelemente bestehend aus den Cu2O@PNIPAM wurden als Gas Sensoren eingesetzt und zeigten eine geringere Nachweisgrenze für NO2 als die reinen Cu2O Nanowürfel. Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit wurden katalytisch aktive Au Nanopartikel an copolymerisierten α –Cyclodextrin (α-CD) Einheiten in einem Poly(N-vinylcaprolactan) (PVCL) Mikrogel immobilisiert. Diese hybriden Partikel sind sehr aktive Katalysatoren für die Reduktion von aromatischen Nitroverbindungen. Die Reduktion von 4-Nitrophenol (Nip) und 2,6-Dimethyl-4-nitrophenol (DMNip) wurden als Modellreaktionen ausgewählt. Durch selektive Bindungseingenschaften der Nitroverbindungen an die α-CD Einheiten konnten verschiedene katalytische Aktivitäten für Nip and DMNip festgestellt werden.
On the Improvement of Singing Voice Separation for Monaural Recordings Using the MIR-1K Dataset (2009)

Monaural singing voice separation is an extremely challenging problem. While efforts in pitch-based inference methods have led to considerable progress in voiced singing voice separation, little attention has been paid to the incapability of such methods to separate unvoiced singing voice due to its in harmonic structure and weaker energy. In this paper, we proposed a systematic approach to identify and separate the unvoiced singing voice from the music accompaniment. We have also enhanced the performance of separating voiced singing via a spectral subtraction method. The proposed system follows the framework of computational auditory scene analysis (CASA) which consists of the segmentation stage and the grouping stage. In the segmentation stage, the input song signals are decomposed into small sensory elements in different time-frequency resolutions. The unvoiced sensory elements are then identified by Gaussian mixture models. The experimental results demonstrated that the quality of the separated singing voice is improved for both the unvoiced and voiced parts. Moreover, to deal with the problem of lack of a publicly available dataset for singing voice separation, we have constructed a corpus called MIR-1K (multimedia information retrieval lab, 1000 song clips) where all singing voices and music accompaniments were recorded separately. Each song clip comes with human-labeled pitch values, unvoiced sounds and vocal/non-vocal segments, and lyrics, as well as the speech recording of the lyrics.