gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Porcine Dermatitis and Nephropathy Syndrome. Clinical and Pathological Features of Cases in the United Kingdom (1993–1998) (2002)

This paper documents the salient clinical and pathological features of porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (PDNS) in 96 pigs submitted from 55 units in the UK from 1993 to 1998. This series of cases pre-dated the emergence of post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) in the UK. The morbidity during outbreaks was 1% or less. Affected pigs ranged from 14 to 70 kg in weight and most died after a short clinical illness. Fifty-five pigs had multifocal or coalescing erythematous skin lesions, some progressing to dermal necrosis. Biochemistry showed raised serum urea, creatinine and gamma globulin levels accompanied by proteinuria. All cases showed bilateral renal enlargement with petechiae throughout the cortices. Microscopically these renal lesions ranged in chronology from acute necrotizing glomerulitis and vasculitis with multiple hyaline casts in renal tubules to chronic glomerular sclerosis with interstitial inflammation and fibrosis. Haemorrhagic dermatitis when present was associated with necrotizing vasculitis in the dermal vessels. Vasculitis was sometimes detected in other tissues including subcutis, lymph nodes, spleen, liver, joint synovial membrane, gastric and intestinal submucosa or serosa and meninges but its frequency and distribution varied considerably in individual pigs. Immunostaining showed deposits of IgG and IgM in damaged glomeruli, renal casts and skin lesions. The aetiology and pathogenesis of the condition remain unknown but the histopathological and immunological findings suggest a systemic immune-complex disorder resulting in vasculitis with particular predilection for kidney and skin.
Metabolism of Δ<sup>0</sup>‐, Δ<sup>5</sup>‐, and Δ<sup>7</sup>‐Sterols by Larvae of <i>Heliothis zea</i> (1983)

Abstract Heliothis zea was reared on artificial diets containing Δ 5 ‐sterols (cholesterol, campesterol, or sitosterol), Δ 7 ‐sterols (lathosterol, epifungisterol, or spinasterol), or Δ 0 ‐sterols (cholestanol, epicoprostanol, campestanol, or sitostanol) in order to determine how different dietary sterols affect the type of sterols present in the tissues of the late‐sixth‐instar larva. Although all of the dietary sterols (except epicoprostanol) supported the growth of the larvae, not all of the sterols were metabolized to the same end products. In each case, at least 80% of the sterols in the tissues of the larvae retained the same nucleus as that of the dietary sterol, indicating that H. zea carries out very little metabolism of ring B of Δ 5 ‐, Δ 7 ‐, and Δ 0 ‐sterols. The larvae dealkylated the Δ 5 ‐, Δ 7 ‐, and Δ 0 ‐alkylsterols to 24‐desalkylsterols, but a greater percentage of the Δ 5 ‐alkylsterols were metabolized in this manner. The sterols present as free sterols in the larva were also present as esterifed sterols which accounted for 2–4% of the total sterols. Therefore, the sterol composition of the tissues of H. zea can be altered by varying the dietary sterols.
Induction of IL-8 Release in Lung Cells via Activator Protein-1 by Recombinant Baculovirus Displaying Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus Spike Proteins: Identification of Two Functional Regions (2004)

The inflammatory response and the intracellular signaling pathway induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-coronavirus (CoV) were studied in lung epithelial cells and fibroblasts. SARS-CoV spike (S) protein-encoding plasmid induced activations of IL-8 promoter and AP-1, but not NF-kappaB in these cells. Mutation of the AP-1, not the kappaB site, abolished the SARS-CoV S protein-induced IL-8 promoter activity. IL-8 release was effectively induced by vAtEpGS688, a baculovirus exhibiting the aa 17-688 fragment of S protein, and this induction was attenuated by the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Ab. Recombinant baculovirus expressing different deletion and insertion fragments identified the functional region of S protein from aa 324-688 (particularly the N-terminal aa 324-488 and the C-terminal aa 609-688), which is responsible for IL-8 production. Activations of AP-1 DNA-protein binding and MAPKs after vAtEpGS688 transduction were demonstrated, and SARS-CoV S protein-induced IL-8 promoter activity was inhibited by the specific inhibitors of MAPK cascades. These results suggested that the S protein of SARS-CoV could induce release of IL-8 in the lung cells via activations of MAPKs and AP-1. The identification of the functional domain for IL-8 release will provide for the drug design on targeting specific sequence domains of S protein responsible for initiating the inflammatory response.
Cultural Perspectives on Student Behaviors: A Study of American and Chinese Students. (2005)

To explore factors that influence the behavior of Chinese students and strategies for interventions, this paper presents a cross-cultural study on Chinese and American students. It examines the relationships between students’ behaviors and the cultural influences; implications for special educators who work with minority students with emotional/behavioral disorders (E/BD) will also be discussed.
Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: Misperceptions and misconceptions (2014)

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) continues to be one of the most commonly performed cardiac surgical procedures worldwide. Conventional CABG performed on cardiopulmonary bypass termed on-pump CABG is regarded as the gold standard. However, on-pump CABG results in several physiologic derangements including but not limited to thrombocytopenia, activation of complement factors, immune suppression, and inflammatory responses leading to organ dysfunction. Furthermore, manipulating an atherosclerotic ascending aorta during cannulation and cross-clamping can predispose to embolization and stroke risk. Recognition of these detrimental effects of on-pump CABG resulted in resurgence of off-pump CABG nearly two decades ago. Off-pump CABG since its resurgence has been a subject of intensive scrutiny and speculation. Despite numerous retrospective nonrandomized studies, prospective randomized trials, and meta-analyses validating the safety and efficacy of off-pump CABG, opponents of the technique have persistently demanded abandonment of off-pump CABG. Several misconceptions and misperceptions are used as an excuse for such demands. This review article examines published scientific evidence to evaluate these misperceptions and misconceptions about off-pump CABG.
p-i-n diodes for the modulation of mm-wave frequencies (1976)

A theoretical expression for a figure of merit Q <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</inf> with respect to RF losses and switching time for p-i-n diodes is given. A fabrication technique is presented which is especially suited to obtain a large Q <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</inf> . The static, dynamic, and RF data of the diodes and their performance in a 180-degree phase shift modulator at a frequency of 35 GHz and a bitrate of 256 Mbit/s are presented.
Lines of Power: (2012)

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Visualization Design for Location-Aware Services (2006)

This paper presents a design and implementation of a location-aware service system, which combines a radio-frequency-based positioning engine and a multimedia human-machine interface (HMI). In this system, a number of Zigbee sensors are deployed for the localization purpose. Users' locations can be estimated according to their received signal strength samples from the Zigbee sensors. In order to improve the positioning efficiency, a hierarchical positioning architecture is proposed. The multimedia HMI is to help users to access the provided services. A speech recognition system is designed as the input of the system and a visualization system has been developed as the output interface of the location-aware system. Moreover, the visualization service is integrated with the open service access (OSA) platform via mobile network systems. The whole system can be directed to future homecare applications.
Metabolic Features of Methane‐ and Methanol‐Utilizing Bacteria (1983)

Abstract Investigations of a wide range of methane‐ and methanol‐utilizers showed a striking versatility of their metabolism dependent on the genotype and growth conditions. A correlation between pathways of carbon and nitrogen metabolism was found. It was most stringent in obligate methane‐utilizers: the hexulosephosphate pathway bacteria assimilated NH 3 by the reductive amination of α‐ketoglutarate or pyruvate whereas the serine pathway bacteria used the glutamate cycle (glutamine synthetase + glutamate‐oxoglutarate aminotransferase). Multiple enzymic lesions were found in central metabolism of obligate methylotrophs, i.e. the absence of the enzymes of glycolytic and pentosephosphate pathways, gluconeogenesis, citric acid cycle and glyoxylate shunt. These metabolic blocks were not so profound and could be compensated in restricted and facultative methylotrophs during heterotrophic growth. The average levels of exogenous CO 2 fixation in methylotrophic bacteria with the hexulosephosphate, serine and ribulosebisphosphate pathways were found to be 10, 30 and 80% of their total cell carbon, respectively. These results served as a basis for biotechnological applications of metabolic potential of methylotrophs (production of biomass, polysaccharides and enzymes as well as for microbiological treatment of industrial waters containing toxic C 1 ‐ and C n ‐compounds).
FEVER IN THE ELDERLY (1985)

Infection is an important problem in the elderly and it is not unusual for fever to be absent. This review examines our present state of knowledge of the febrile response and considers its apparent impairment in old age.
The Evaluation of Mass Spectral Search Algorithms (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Evaluation of Mass Spectral Search AlgorithmsG. T. Rasmussen and T. L. IsenhourCite this: J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci. 1979, 19, 3, 179–186Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ci60019a014https://doi.org/10.1021/ci60019a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views300Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Preparation, structure, and properties of a novel rectorite/styrene–butadiene copolymer nanocomposite (2005)

Abstract Rectorite/styrene–butadiene copolymer (SBR) nanocomposite was prepared by cocoagulating SBR latex and rectorite/water suspension. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the layers of rectorite were well dispersed in the SBR matrix and the aspect ratio (width/thickness) of it was higher than that of montmorillonite (MMT). X‐ray diffraction indicated that the nanocomposite produced by this method was of neither intercalated type nor exfoliated type. The gas barrier properties and mechanical properties of the novel nanocomposites were excellent. The nanocomposites are expected to be candidates for tire tube or inner materials. Rectorite appears to be a promising filler for the nanocomposite. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 324–328, 2005
A Simple Method of Obtaining Equal Leg Length in Total Hip Arthroplasty (1985)

Leg length in total hip arthroplasty can be measured and equalized with no increase in operating time through the use of a method that is applicable to any of the standard approaches to the hip joint.
The Actinomycetes. Vol. II. Classification, Identification and Descriptions of Genera and Species. (1961)

The name Selman A. Waksman is already so well known to microbiologists as to require no introduction. In the present volume which is a sequel to that published by him in 1959 dealing with the nature, occurrence and activities of the group as a whole, he presents a taxo-nomic treatise dealing with 10 genera of the Actinomycetes, viz. Actinomyces, Nocardia, Streptomyces, Thermoactinomyces, Waksmania, T hermopolyspora, Micromonospora, Thermomonospora, Actinoplanes and Streptosporangium.
Following an introductory chapter in which the species concept is discussed in relation to the Actinomycetes are 12 further chapters allocated as follows: No. 2 and 3 (49 pages) to Actinomyces and Nocardia; Nos. 4 to 8 inclusive (231 pages) to Streptomyces as might have been expected on account of the importance of this genus as a whole and the number of species which belong to it; No. 9 (5 pages) to Micromonospora', No. 10 (2 pages) to Waksmania; No. 11 (10 pages) to the thermophilic genera, including Thermoactinomyces, Thermomonospora and Thermopolyspora; No. 12 (5 pages) to the Actinoplanaceae', and finally, No. 13 (12 pages) to a group of species which had been incompletely described in the literature on Actinomycetes. There are also Appendices 1 and 2, respectively allocated to colour designations used in describing Actinomycetes and to a compilation of formulae of important nutrient media used in the culture and study of the Actinomycetes.
As each genus is dealt with, the more important systems of classifications are considered and discussed before the characteristic features of its various species are described. Thus, in the case of the genus Strepto-myces, the classification systems and views of at least 13 authors or collaborating authors are considered and discussed.
The attractively and clearly written text provides a wealth of interesting and useful information, and is generously supported by tables, excellent photomicrographs (including many taken with the electronmicro-scope) and clear diagrams. No student of this important group of organisms should neglect the opportunity to consult this valuable book. The price is high but the need for an authoritative taxonomic treatise on this very difficult group of organisms is so great that it may be regarded as money well spent. C. J. La Touche.
Synthesis and Characterization of High Aluminum Zeolite X from Technical Grade Materials (2013)

Zeolites are widely used as ion exchangers, adsorbents, separation materials and catalyst due to their well-tailored and highly-reproducible structures; therefore, the synthesis of zeolite from low grade resources can be interested. In the present work, high aluminum zeolite X was prepared from mixing technical grade sodium aluminate and sodium silicate solutions at temperatures between 70°C and 100°C. The synthesized zeolite X was characterized by SEM and X-ray methods according to ASTM standard procedures. The results showed that aging of the synthesis medium at the room temperature considerably increased the selectivity of zeolite X formation. On the other hand, high temperature of reaction mixture during crystallization formed zeolite A in the product; therefore, it decreased the purity of zeolite X. In addition, it was found that increasing H2O/Na2O and decreasing Na2O/SiO2 molar ratios in the reaction mixture resulted product with higher purity. © 2013 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)
High Precision Attitude Using Low Cost GPS Receivers (1996)

The Allstar CMT-1200 is a low cost high precision 12
channel single frequency GPS receiver with high quality
carrier phase data. This paper will focus on utilizing
Allstar receivers for precision attitude determination and
will provide information on interferometric attitude
applications in which Allstar receivers are being used. In
particular, information on the American Society of
Agricultural Engineers (ASAE) AE50 award winning
agNavTM product will show how interferometric GPS is
now being utilized in precision agriculture today.
Interferometric attitude systems utilizing two
receivers/antennas for computing 2D attitude and three
receivers/antennas for computing 3D attitude will be
discussed. With two receivers/antennas standard
deviations of less than 0.2 degrees on 1 meter baselines
have routinely been achieved in practical field trials.
These results compare favorably with results reported for
receivers costing several times more than the Allstar.
Results from Sentek Systems Interferometric Attitude
System for computing 2D and 3D attitude are presented.
Rosiglitazone inhibits mouse liver regeneration (2006)

The remarkable regenerative potential of the liver is well known. Recent investigations have shown that this regenerative response is impaired in mouse models of fatty liver disease. Other studies demonstrate that mice engineered for liver-specific overexpression of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) develop significant hepatic steatosis. These observations suggest that precise regulation of hepatic PPARgamma activity may be essential for normal liver regeneration. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed the effects of PPARgamma-activating thiazolidinediones on liver regeneration in the rodent partial hepatectomy model. Thiazolidinediones with different PPARgamma-activating potencies were administered to mice, and those mice were subjected to partial hepatectomy and analyzed for resulting effects on hepatocellular proliferation and signaling pathways important during normal liver regeneration. The results showed that thiazolidinediones suppress liver regeneration with efficacies that correlate with their relative PPARgamma-activating potencies. These studies provide the first evidence linking regulation of PPARgamma activity and the hepatic regenerative response.
Regenerative Amplifier for Digital Computer Applications (1952)

A description of the negative-resistance properties of the point-contact transistor is presented as an introduction to the description of a regenerative amplifier. The choice of circuit parameters for the amplifier is discussed and a sample design presented. The illustrative amplifier regenerates digital information at a megacycle rate and develops pulses with rise times of less than 0.05 μsec. It operates from supply voltages of +6 and -8 volts, with a battery drain of less than 0.05 watt. A complete set of computer building blocks has been designed around the amplifier. Their use is illustrated in two computer applications.
Two-branch space and polarization diversity schemes for dipoles (2002)

The performance of two-branch space and polarization diversity schemes for linearly polarized signals is evaluated. An antenna system must be designed to reduce multipath fading, interference and polarization mismatch. Space diversity is the most common technique used to reduce multipath fading. Recently, polarization diversity has been used since its performance is comparable to that of space diversity and in addition the size of the antenna array can be reduced. Adaptive arrays are also used to cancel multipath components or combine them coherently to enhance the desired signal while nulling the interference signals from different directions. The results for the performance of two-branch horizontal space diversity, H/V polarization diversity and /spl plusmn/45/spl deg/ slanted polarization schemes for arbitrary polarized signals are presented here. Although the performance of the adaptive array depends on the environment, the results show that when polarization diversity is combined with horizontal space diversity, the two-branch /spl plusmn/45/spl deg/ slanted polarization scheme performs better than the H/V polarization scheme.
Dye-Senstitized Solar Cells based on poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoro propylene)/LiClO<inf>4</inf> nanofibers by electrospinning method (2008)

In this study, we fabricated the electrospun poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoro propylene) (PVDF-HFP) /LiClO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</inf> nanofibers by electrospinning method and applied as polymer membrane on the Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. We have prepared the DSSC devices, using Ruthenium dye as a photosensitizer, sandwiched with TiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> -deposited and Pt-coated electrode as two electrodes. To compare with the effect of LiClO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</inf> in PVDF-HFP nanofibers on photovoltaic performance, we prepared electrospun PVDF-HFP nanofibers without LiClO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</inf> . Photovoltaic characteristics were measured by using Solar Simulator with a black mask under AM 1.5. The V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">oc</inf> of the DSSC device was 0.773 V, the J <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">sc</inf> was 9.77 mA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , and the overall power conversion efficiency achieved up to 4.19 %. The photovoltaic performances of the DSSC device using electrospun PVDF-HFP nanofibers without LiClO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</inf> were lower than that of device using electrospun PVDF-HFP/LiClO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</inf> nanofibers. To investigate the photovoltaic effect of different LiClO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</inf> concentrations in electrolyte solutions, the electrospun PVDF-HFP nanofibers without LiClO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</inf> were soaked into the electrolyte solution with different LiClO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</inf> concentrations. An increase of concentration of LiClO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</inf> in electrolyte solution results in a decrease of photocurrent and efficiency due to the desorption of dyes by LiClO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</inf> .
From miso, sak? and shoyu to cosmetics: a century of science for kojic acid (2006)

This article reviews the curious history of kojic acid, discovered as a fungal natural product in 1907. It was one of the first secondary metabolites to have its biosynthetic pathway studied by the isotope tracer technique, and, more recently, has been of interest as a skin lightening agent. There are 112 references.