gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT OF A BSL-2 TOOL BASED ON THE PSEUDOTYPED VESICULAR STOMATITIS VIRUS TO STUDY CCHFV SERO-EPIDEMIOLOGY AND FOR ANTIVIRAL DISCOVERY (2017)

Aim of the study: The Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (CCHFV) causes a\nviral zoonosis that progresses without symptoms in animals, but gives rise to a lethal\nthreat for humans. The CCHFV is a group IV biological hazard and, for this reason, it\nrequires a BSL-4 containment facility to be manipulated, which is a great dampening\nfor conducting any research on it. Anyway, there are different approaches that permit\nto bypass the BSL-4 restrictions, like using a nonpathogenic pseudotyped virus,\nwhere the envelope protein of the heterologous virus (i.e. glycoprotein Gc and Gn of\nCCHFV) are assembled into the membrane of the nonpathogenic virus. Since it presents\nonly the glycoproteins of CCHFV, it acquires the immunogenicity and the tropism\nof CCHFV but can be manipulated in a BSL-2 containment facility. Our work\nfocuses on the development of a BSL-2 executable tool for serological studies and\nthe identification of entry inhibitors of the CCHFV.\nMethods: As viral model we selected a recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (rVSV-\nΔG-GFP), in which the glycoprotein gene was replaced with a reporter gene, i.e. in\nour case this gene was the GFP. The rVSV-ΔG-GFP is characterize by an high profile\nof biosafety because it is single cycle replication virus.\nResults and conclusion: First, we have optimized a protocol for the preparation of the\nrVSV-ΔG-GFP pseudotyped with the CCHFV’s glycoprotein (rVSV-CCHFVG). Human\ncells HEK293T previously transfected with pC-G, a pCAGGS/MCS plasmid containing\nthe CCHFV-M segment’s cDNA, were infected with the rVSV-ΔG-GFP containing\nthe native G glycoprotein. The pseudotyped viral particles released in the cell culture\nmedium are collected and ultracentrifugated in a sucrose cushion to concentrate and\nclean the viral stock. Then, the viral stock is titrated by serial dilution and evaluation\nof the GFP positive cells.\nSecond, the rVSV-CCHFVG has been used in a serum neutralization assay using a\npanel of sera (collected by people from a non-endemic area) and the serum of a Bulgarian\nlaboratory worker vaccinated for the CCHF, as positive control. The results\nshow that the rVSV-CCHFVG is correctly neutralized only by the serum of the vaccinated\nworker and the neutralization titer correlate with data published evaluating the\nefficacy of the Bulgarian vaccine against the CCHFV.\nOverall, the results support the feasibility of the rVSV-CCHFVG based assay for serological\nstudies.
Metabolism and subcellular location of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol in intestinal mucosa (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMetabolism and subcellular location of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol in intestinal mucosaRobert J. Cousins, Hector F. DeLuca, Tatsuo Suda, Tai C. Chen, and Yoko TanakaCite this: Biochemistry 1970, 9, 6, 1453–1459Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00808a021https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00808a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views36Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Bence Jones cryoglobulin: chemical, physical and immunological properties. (1967)

A Bence Jones protein with cryoglobulin properties has been isolated from the urine of a myeloma patient. The Bence Jones cryoglobulin was of type K and had a sedimentation coefficient of 3·5S at a concentration of 5 mg/ml. The concentration dependence of cryoglobulin formation suggested that it was due to reversible association. This was confirmed by ultracentrifugal analyses which demonstrated the formation of aggregates with a sedimentation coefficient of approximately 50–100S and higher. Quantitative amino acid analyses revealed that the Bence Jones cryoglobulin was completely devoid of methionine. On starch gel electrophoresis, three to four protein bands could be detected. They were all devoid of methionine and there was no significant difference in their content of other amino acids. On the basis of amino acid and ultracentrifugal analyses the presence of several components on starch gel electrophoresis is consistent with the formation of aggregates by a single molecular species.
Advanced manufacturing technology: a Department of Energy technology transfer initiative (2002)

The Advanced Manufacturing Technology (AMT) Program is described. The AMT Program seeks to assist the US manufacturing community in regaining some of the market share that it has lost to competing companies in Europe and the Far East. One key element to this program is the establishment of teaching and development facilities called manufacturing technology centers (MTCs), which will showcase unclassified DOE manufacturing technologies. Some of the precision flexible manufacturing system (PFMS) technology that is available through the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant is described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Skull Biomechanics (2012)

The intervertebral disc (IVD) is a complex brocartilaginous tissue whose primary function is to resist mechanical loads in the spine. Cells embedded within the IVD extracellular matrix (ECM) are subjected to a variety of physical stimuli under physiologic loading that are known to provide important signals to cells, with the cells’ biological responses to their mechanical environment playing potentially critical roles in regulating the development, maintenance, and repair of IVD tissues. Additionally, mechanical factors may playCONTENTS3.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 75 3.2 Background ........................................................................................................................... 76 3.3 Changes with Intervertebral Disc Aging and Degeneration......................................... 78 3.4 Intervertebral Disc Cells and Cellular Microenvironment ........................................... 783.4.1 Intervertebral Disc Cells ......................................................................................... 79 3.4.1.1 Nucleus Pulposus Cells ............................................................................ 79 3.4.1.2 Anulus Fibrosus Cells .............................................................................. 793.4.2 Intervertebral Disc Cell-Matrix Microenvironment .......................................... 81 3.4.2.1 Pericellular Matrix Constituents ............................................................. 81 3.4.2.2 Pericellular Matrix Morphology ............................................................. 823.4.3 Intervertebral Disc Cell-Matrix Interactions .......................................................83 3.4.3.1 Cell Surface Receptors and Adhesion ....................................................83
Nanoscale Void Nucleation and Growth in the Passive Oxide on Aluminum as a Prepitting Process (2006)

Nanometer scale morphological changes in the passive oxide on aluminum have been tracked as a function of polarization in aqueous chloride and borate electrolytes. Nanoscale void formation has been detected and characterized in the passive oxide on single and polycrystalline Al as well as nanocrystalline Al films. Void nucleation occurs at the metal/oxide interface and growth proceeds into the oxide. Nucleation and growth are continuous processes that occur well below the pitting potential. Void growth is related to the rate and extent of the passive oxide growth. Chloride is shown not to be necessary for the nucleation and growth of voids. The extent of void growth correlates with the faradaic charge density produced due to Al oxidation. Void densities on the order of 5 X 10 10 cm -2 form with as little as 2 to 4 monolayers of Al oxidation and at volumetric efficiencies of 10 to 50%. The mechanistic origin of the voids is consistent with point defect saturation at the Al/oxide interface. The shape factors for the voids are inconsistent with two leading pit initiation models where stable pitting is argued to result from disruption of the remnant oxide over a void or voidlike structures.
In Vitro Invasiveness of Yersinia enterocolitica Isolated from Children with Diarrhea (1978)

The invasiveness of Yersinia enterocolitica isolated from the feces of children with diarrhea was assayed in cultured human epithelial (HEp-2) cells. Twenty-one of 24 strains were invasive under the test conditions. Infection with Y. enterocolitica was characterized clinically by exudative diarrhea in 11 cases. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes were demonstrated in the feces from all three cases of exudative diarrhea studied. The results suggest a correlation between enteroinvasiveness of Y. enterocolitica, presence of leukocytes in feces, and clinical exudative diarrhea.
Genomic comparison of fibrotic rheumatoid arthritis-associated ILD and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (2015)

While rheumatoid arthritis (RA) associated ILD (UIP pattern) is clinically very similar to idiopathic UIP (idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis or IPF), limited information exists regarding genomic signatures of RA-ILD compared with IPF. To study this, we obtained frozen lung biopsy specimens from the National Institutes of Health Lung Tissue Research Consortium project, and extracted RNA from 20 control lung specimens, 20 IPF samples, and 5 RA-lung biopsies from patients with diffuse lung involvement. Samples were submitted for mRNA sequencing using the Illumina TruSeq mRNA approach for Next Generation Sequencing analysis. Samples were processed using the Mayo analysis pipeline, MAP-RSeq, and differentially expressed genes were obtained using edgeR. Expression for tumor necrosis factor (TNF), granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin-1 (IL-1), and interferon-gamma (IFNγ), RANTES, CCR5, CD40L, and interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) were upregulated in RA vs IPF tissues. Conversely, mRNA expression for matrix genes (collagen-1 and -3) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP1, 2, 9, 13) were upregulated in IPF compared to RA lung specimens. These preliminary findings outline key differences in immune and tissue remodeling genes between RA-associated and idiopathic UIP, and provide insight into molecular mechanisms of fibrotic lung disease development in RA. Supported by a Rheumatology Research Foundation grant to RV.
Adaptive Scanning for Online 3D Model Acquisition (2005)

A system to acquire the 3D model of an object in a fast and easy way is presented. Models are produced by manipulating the object in front of the system. Both shape and texture are captured, integrated, and visualised online. This allows the user to check the quality of the result during the scanning. The system exploits a new structured light approach which adapts scanning mode and projection patterns to the scene. Depending on whether the object is moving or not, a single pattern or a time series is used. While moving the single pattern mode lets the system track the object motions and gives the user the necessary information for view planning. When the object is kept still, a more accurate multi-frame method yields high quality range maps. These are combined to form the actual object model.
Gaucher disease (1997)

Many mutations affecting the glucocerebrosidase gene have been defined as causes of the glycolipid storage disorder, Gaucher disease. These correlate to a certain extent with the clinical course of the disease. Studies of the natural history of Gaucher disease show that progression is usually very slow. Pulmonary involvement, usually regarded as a very rare manifestation, has received more attention recently, and minor abnormalities have been documented in many patients. Replacement of the deficient enzyme with alglucerase or the recombinant form of glucocerebrosidase imiglucerase is effective in treating the disease. All published data confirm that the response to treatment is entirely independent of dose, and this has now been shown to be true of skeletal manifestations of Gaucher disease as well. Consequently, there is no justification for the administration of the large doses of this expensive medication. A number of efforts are being made to develop gene therapy for Gaucher disease, but formidable obstacles must be overcome before such an approach can become feasible.
Environmental fate and chemistry of a veterinary antibiotic—tylosin (2009)

Aerobic degradation, photolysis, and mobility of tylosin were investigated in the laboratory. Tylosin A is degraded with a half-life of 200 d in water, while it is stable in the dark. Tylosin C and D are relatively stable except in ultrapure water in the light. Slight increases of tylosin B and formation of two photoreaction products, isotylosin A alcohol (E,Z) and isotylosin A aldol (E,Z), were observed under exposure to light. In soil tylosin A and D has a dissipation half-life of about 1 wk. Sorption and abiotic degradation are the major factors influencing the loss of tylosin in the environment. No biotic degradation was observed at the test concentration of 50 µg/ml or µg/g either in pond water or in an agronomic soil, as determined by comparing dissipation profiles in sterilized and unsterilized conditions. At 7.5 ng/ml, biotransformation may play an important role in degradation of tylosin in water. Tylosin has strong sorption to various soils, and leachbility is dependent on soil properties and manure amendment. Adsorbed tylosin in surface soil might run off to water bodies through soil erosion. In the end, pathways were proposed for tylosin degradation in the environment.
Cholesterol in fingerstick capillary specimens can be equivalent to conventional venous measurements. (1994)

Current interest in coronary heart disease and cholesterol has led to the development of a new generation of compact analysis systems designed for fingerstick whole blood measurement. Since reliable classification of patients based on national cut-points for serum cholesterol concentration requires accurate results, the question whether results from fingerstick capillary specimens are equivalent to those from conventional venous-derived serum specimens, the basis for the national cut-points, is germane. Earlier studies in the literature are contradictory, with fingerstick differences ranging from 9% low to 6% high. We developed guidelines for reliable fingerstick collection and, following these guidelines, achieved results that were comparable to results derived from concurrently collected venous serum specimens. Results measured either by an accurate, standardized enzymatic assay or by the AccuMeter, a new noninstrumented device, were in close agreement with serum results, ie, within 1% and 1.7%, respectively, suggesting that fingerstick measurements are appropriate for identifying individuals with elevated cholesterol levels and monitoring their treatment.
Efficient delivery of small interfering RNA to bone-metastatic tumors by using atelocollagen <i>in vivo</i> (2005)

Silencing of gene expression by small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) is rapidly becoming a powerful tool for genetic analysis and represents a potential strategy for therapeutic product development. However, there are no reports of systemic delivery for siRNAs toward treatment of bone-metastatic cancer. Accordingly, we report here that i.v. injection of GL3 luciferase siRNA complexed with atelocollagen showed effective reduction of luciferase expression from bone-metastatic prostate tumor cells developed in mouse thorax, jaws, and/or legs. We also show that the siRNA/atelocollagen complex can be efficiently delivered to tumors 24 h after injection and can exist intact at least for 3 days. Furthermore, atelocollagen-mediated systemic administration of siRNAs such as enhancer of zeste homolog 2 and phosphoinositide 3'-hydroxykinase p110-alpha-subunit, which were selected as candidate targets for inhibition of bone metastasis, resulted in an efficient inhibition of metastatic tumor growth in bone tissues. In addition, upregulation of serum IL-12 and IFN-alpha levels was not associated with the in vivo administration of the siRNA/atelocollagen complex. Thus, for treatment of bone metastasis of prostate cancer, an atelocollagen-mediated systemic delivery method could be a reliable and safe approach to the achievement of maximal function of siRNA.
Polymer‐encapsulated engineered adult mesenchymal stem cells secrete exogenously regulated rhBMP‐2, and induce osteogenic and angiogenic tissue formation (2002)

Abstract We have previously shown that genetically engineered adult mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) expressing recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein –2 (rhBMP‐2), under tet‐regulation, can induce bone formation and regeneration. We showed that these cells induce bone formation via paracrine and autocrine effect of the secreted rhBMP‐2 protein. To distinguish between these two effects, and to develop a platform for continuous delivery of rhBMP‐2 by engineered cells protected from the immune system, we have used hydrogel polymer (alginate) in order to encapsulate the AMSCs. Mixing of the cells with potassium alginate, followed by sedimentation in Ca 2+ solution, results in polymerization of the alginate around the cells, forming microcapsules composed of a membrane allowing diffusion of small molecule and proteins. Encapsulated engineered AMSCs were able to survive inside the capsules in vitro and in vivo and secrete rhBMP‐2 under tet‐regulation. Transplantation of capsules both subcutaneously and into bone defect elicited physiological response manifested in osteogenic tissue composed of bone trabeculae and cartilage. Inside the capsules, engineered AMSCs differentiated to chondrocytes (autocrine effect), but not to osteoblasts. Newly formed bone has developed around the polymeric external layer without any observed intermediate layer of tissue. There was no evidence of immune response in the transplants area. We therefore conclude that engineered AMSCs can be efficiently encapsulated within polymeric alginate microcapsules, maintain viability, differentiate by autocrine effect, secrete rhBMP‐2 under exogenous regulation, and induce bone formation by paracrine effect, with no adverse or immune response to the transplanted capsules. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dissolution of COPRECAL mixed-oxide fuel (1981)

Conclusions based on this investigation of continuous coprecipitation-calcination (COPRECAL) mixed oxide (MOX) dissolution are as follows: (1) A large fraction of the COPRECAL MOX dissolved very rapidly in nitric acid alone. Appeoximately 95% of the powder tested dissolved in the first 5 to 6 minutes in boiling 8 to 12M nitric acid. The remainder dissolved much more slowly, with greater than 99% dissolved after 8 hours. The dissolution rate increased slightly as the nitric concentration was increased from 8 to 12M. (2) Of the fuel fabrication operations investigated, only the sintering operation had a significant effect on the dissolution rate. In tests with samples from a fuel fabrication run, the sintered pellet samples had approximately one-tenth as much residue remaining at the end of 6- and 12-hour tests in 12M nitric acid compared to the MOX powder starting material. (3) The presence of Pu and U in the nitric acid dissolvent had very little effect on the dissolution rate. In tests with Pu-U nitrate-nitric acid solution as the dissolvent, the final 5% of the COPRECAL sample dissolved slightly slower than it had in tests with nitric acid only as the dissolvent. (4) The plutonium-uranium ratio was higher in the finalmore » residue than in the starting material. At the end of a 6-hour dissolution test in 10M nitric acid the Pu-U ratio in the residue was 4 vs 0.25 in the starting material. (5) A final residue of undissolved oxide can be expected in the Wet Scrap Development Laboratory (WSDL) dissolver. As a way to minimize the buildup of undissolved MOX powder in the continuous dissolver, all scrap material could be subjected to high temperature sintering (e.g., approx. 1700/sup 0/C) prior to processing through WSDL.« less
Frontal Plagiocephaly: Synostotic, Compensational, or Deformational (1992)

Plagiocephaly is a term commonly used to describe congenital forehead asymmetry. Sixty patients with frontal plagiocephaly were evaluated retrospectively and separated into three types: synostotic (N = 24), compensational (N = 3), and deformational (N = 33). Categorization of frontal plagiocephaly as synostotic or deformational was reliably made by physical examination, focusing on the supraorbital rims, nasal root, ears, and malar eminences. Other anatomic parameters useful in the differential diagnosis included chin point, palpebral fissures, and facial height. This study documented that birth histories were similar for synostotic and deformational frontal plagiocephalic infants. However, other deformational anomalies were more common in deformational frontal plagiocephalic infants, whereas malformations had an equal incidence in deformational and synostotic frontal plagiocephalic infants. Torticollis was an associated finding in 64 percent of infants with deformational frontal plagiocephaly; almost all were ipsilateral. In contrast, head tilt, usually to the contralateral side, was noted in 14 percent of patients with synostotic frontal plagiocephaly. Female preponderance was noted in both synostotic (79 percent) and deformational (76 percent) frontal plagiocephaly. Left-sided involvement was seen in 73 percent of patients with deformational frontal plagiocephaly and in 46 percent of patients with synostotic frontal plagiocephaly. Premature pelvic descent, in the left occipital anterior position, may account for the high incidence of left-sided deformational plagiocephaly and ipsilateral torticollis.