gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
FURTHER STUDIES INVOLVING WOUND CLOSURE WITH A RAPIDLY POLYMERIZING ADHESIVE (1963)

ASHLEY, FRANKLIN L. M.D.; STONE, ROBERT S. M.D.; POLAK, TEODOR M.D.; BERMAN, OLIVE D. B.S.; DELABAR, MARIAN Author Information
Eco-routing: Comparing the fuel consumption of different routes between an origin and destination using field test speed profiles and synthetic speed profiles (2011)

Eco-routing is the identification of the most energy-efficient route for a vehicle to travel between two points and is offered as a way in which drivers can reduce fuel consumption and consequently reduce the carbon footprint of their journeys. This paper covers the first step in the process of investigating the impacts of digital map attributes on the calculation of an eco-route. A research tool is developed in which historical link speed data is used as a basis for replicating vehicle speed profiles, enabling the calculation of fuel costs per link. These fuel costs and speed profiles are validated by field test data. The results show that synthetic speed profiles created using the research tool differ from those measured in the field test. They also demonstrate that the characteristics of a route are influenced by location-based attributes, indicating that map attributes that are used to create more representative speed profiles do indeed have the potential to be used in the calculation of eco-routes.
Assessment of spatial and temporal distribution of reference evapotranspiration and pan evaporation in Taiwan (2013)

Evapotranspiration (ET) is an important process of water transfer in the hydrosphere and atmosphere; it plays an active role in the hydrological cycle. Evaporation pan (Epan) data are often used to estimate reference evapotranspiration (ETref) for use in water resource planning. Generally, ETref is estimated as the product of the Epan data and a pan coefficient (Kp) (ETref = Kp×Epan). In recent years, due to global climate change, the early studies on Kpan have not reflected the current climatic situation. In this study, the Penman-Monteith reference evapotranspiration, pan evaporation, and pan coefficient are calculated, compared, and region ally mapped at twenty meteorological stations during 1990-2008 in Taiwan. Their spatial and temporal distributions are examined and discussed. The results show the reference evapotranspiration and pan evaporation have similar regional distribution patterns in the Taiwan area both with the highest values being in the southwestern region and the lowest values being in the central region. This distribution pattern provides valuable information for regional hydrological studies since it is a key parameter in regional water resources assessment and water management.
Droplet Size Distribution in Sprays (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDroplet Size Distribution in SpraysR. A. Mugele and H. D. EvansCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1951, 43, 6, 1317–1324Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50498a023https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50498a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views4937Altmetric-Citations447LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Critical variables of solder paste stencil printing for micro-BGA and fine pitch QFP (2003)

Stencil printing continues to be the dominant method of solder deposition in high volume surface mount assembly. Control of the amount of solder paste deposited is critical for fine pitch and ultra-fine pitch SMT assembly. The process is still not well understood as indicated by the fact that industry reports 52-71% of SMT defects are related to the solder paste stencil printing process. The purpose of this paper is to identify the critical variables that influence the deposited solder paste volume, area, and height. An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of relevant process parameters on the amount of solder paste deposited for BGAs and QFPs of 5 different pitches, ranging from 0.76 mm (30 mil) to 0.3 mm (12 mil). The effects of aperture size and shape, board finish, stencil thickness, solder type, and print speed were examined. The deposited solder paste was measured by an in-line fully automatic laser-based 3D triangulation solder paste inspection system. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) shows that aperture size and stencil thickness are the two most critical variables. A linear relationship between transfer ratio (defined as the ratio of deposited paste volume to stencil aperture volume) and area ratio (defined as the ratio of the area of the aperture opening to the area of the aperture wall) is proposed. Analysis indicates that proper stencil thickness selection is the key to controlling the amount of solder paste deposited and that the selection of maximum stencil thickness should be based on the area ratio. The experimental results are shown to be consistent with a theoretical model, which is also described.
Three-Dimensional Digitization of Real World Objects (1983)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">An electromagnetic position and orientation measurement system has been developed that constantly measures the three-dimensional coordinates of a moving sensor in relation to a fixed source.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The system employs two modules, each consisting of three small coils forming an orthogonal triad. One module acts as a fixed source to generate an electromagnetic field, while the other module acts as a movable sensor to sample the field. An electronics unit performs all computing and interfacing functions.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">As a Digitizer, the system is used to input real world, three-dimensional objects to a database, and to input the coordinates of engineering models to a computer for generation of isometric drawings and material takeoff lists. In its Piping System configuration, the unit eliminates the need for manual measurement of model coordinates. By touching a point to be measured with the stylus, coordinate data points are automatically transferred to a host or a commercially available microcomputer for storage.</div>
The Spatial Periodicity of Grid Cells Is Not Sustained During Reduced Theta Oscillations (2011)

Grid cells in parahippocampal cortices fire at vertices of a periodic triangular grid that spans the entire recording environment. Such precise neural computations in space have been proposed to emerge from equally precise temporal oscillations within cells or within the local neural circuitry. We found that grid-like firing patterns in the entorhinal cortex vanished when theta oscillations were reduced after intraseptal lidocaine infusions in rats. Other spatially modulated cells in the same cortical region and place cells in the hippocampus retained their spatial firing patterns to a larger extent during these periods without well-organized oscillatory neuronal activity. Precisely timed neural activity within single cells or local networks is thus required for periodic spatial firing but not for single place fields.
The Role of Tuning Curve Variables and Threshold Measures in the Estimation of Sensory Cell Loss (1993)

Auditory-evoked potential tuning curves were collected at six frequencies before and 30 days after various noise exposures in 363 chinchillas using a simultaneous masking paradigm. Traditional bivariate and multiple linear regression/correlation analyses were performed in an effort to determine the extent to which sensory cell damage could be estimated from a knowledge of audiometric and tuning curve variables. The results showed strong correlations between percent outer hair cell (%OHC) loss and permanent threshold shift (PTS) and between %OHC loss and the tuning curve variables Q10 dB and high- and low-frequency slopes (SHF, SLF). The correlations were strongest between PTS and %OHC loss. However, the proportion of variability (r2) in %OHC loss attributable to variability in the predictor variable(s) (i.e., PTS) could be increased significantly by adding the Q10 dB of the tuning curve whose probe frequency was centered in the octave band length of the cochlea corresponding to the frequency at which the PTS occurred. The r2 values could be further increased by including audiometric and tuning curve variables from frequencies adjacent to the octave band being evaluated.
Effect of Binder Content and Coupling Agents on Mechanical Properties of Epoxy— Aggregate Composites (1982)

Epoxy resin—aggregate composites, also known as epoxy concretes, in volving siliceous quartzite aggregates have been investigated for the effect of binder content and silane coupling agents on the mechanical properties. Ef fect of binder content on the mechanical properties shows a maximum in split-tensile strength for 12-14 wt% binder content, for the studied gradings of the aggregates. Optimum value of binder skin-thickness corresponding to the maximum in split-tensile strength is determined according to the method suggested by Gamski. Performance of two silane coupling agents is evaluated for this system. It is also observed that application of silane coupling agent through mixing it directly to the resin-aggregate mix results in sufficient im provement of properties, but this method of application produces less im provement in properties compared to its application as pre-treatment on aggregates.
Logcrypt: Forward Security and Public Verification for Secure Audit Logs. (2005)

Logcrypt provides strong cryptographic assurances that data stored by a logging facility before a system compromise cannot be modified after the compromise without detection. We build on prior work by showing how log creation can be separated from log verification, and describing several additional performance and convenience features not previously considered. 1
Network Function Virtualization: Challenges and Directions for Reliability Assurance (2014)

Network Function Virtualization (NFV) is an emerging solution that aims at improving the flexibility, the efficiency and the manageability of networks, by leveraging virtualization and cloud computing technologies to run network appliances in software. Nevertheless, the "notarization" of network functions imposes software reliability concerns on future networks, which will be exposed to software issues arising from virtualization technologies. In this paper, we discuss the challenges for reliability in NFVIs, and present an industrial research project on their reliability assurance, which aims at developing novel fault injection technologies and systematic guidelines for this purpose.
Automatic Smoothing of the Log Periodogram (1980)

Abstract We develop an objective optimum smoothing procedure for an estimate of the log spectral density, based on smoothing the log periodogram with a smoothing spline. We call the result the optimally smoothed spline (OSS) estimate. We show that an unbiased estimate [Rcirc](λ) of the expected integrated mean square error can be obtained as a function of the smoothing, or “bandwidth” parameter λ. The smoothing parameter then is chosen as that λ that minimizes [Rcirc](λ). The degree of the smoothing spline (equivalently, the “shape” parameter of the window) also can be chosen this way. Results of some Monte Carlo experiments demonstrating the effectiveness of the method on selected examples are given.
Implementation of multilisp (1984)

Multilisp is an extension of Lisp (more specifically, of the Lisp dialect Scheme [15]) with additional operators and additional semantics to deal with parallel execution. It is being implemented on the 32-processor Concert multiprocessor. The current implementation is complete enough to run the Multilisp compiler itself, and has been run on Concert prototypes including up to four processors. Novel techniques are used for task scheduling and garbage collection. The task scheduler helps control excessive resource utilization by means of an unfair scheduling policy: the garbage collector uses a multiprocessor algorithm modeled after the incremental garbage collector of Baker [2]. A companion paper [9] discusses language design issues relating to Multilisp.
Selective effects of cyclosporin A on functional B cell subsets in the mouse. (1980)

Cyclosporin A, an immunosuppressive peptide of fungal origin, was believed to selectively affect T lymphocyte functions and to have minimal affects on B lymphocytes. This study shows that, in the mouse, T-dependent B cells and those responding to certain T-independent antigens (so-called TI-1 antigens) are indeed resistant to the drug. However, B cells responsive to other TI antigens (TI-2) are exquisitely sensitive. Thus, doses of the drug that completely abrogate responses to dinitrophenylated (DNP) Ficoll or dextran enhance the response to DNP-lipopolysaccharide and have minimal effects on the response to DNP-Brucella abortus. Virgin T helper cells are sensitive to the drug, whereas primed T cells are not. Cyclosporin A sensitivity therefore represents a novel marker of functional B cell subsets in the mouse and presumably points to fundamental physiologic differences between such subsets.
Behaviour of air injection nozzles in dissolved air flotation (1995)

A simple two-phase conceptual model is postulated to explain the initial growth of microbubbles after pressure release in dissolved air flotation. During the first phase bubbles merely expand from existing nucleation centres as air precipitates from solution, without bubble coalescence. This phase ends when all excess air is transferred to the gas phase. During the second phase, the total air volume remains the same, but bubbles continue to grow due to bubble coalescence. This model is used to explain the results from experiments where three different nozzle variations were tested, namely a nozzle with an impinging surface immediately outside the nozzle orifice, a nozzle with a bend in the nozzle channel, and a nozzle with a tapering outlet immediately outside the nozzle orifice. From these experiments, it is inferred that the first phase of bubble growth is completed at approximately 1.7 ms after the start of pressure release.
Increased degranulation and phospholipase A2, C, and D activity in RBL cells stimulated through FcepsilonR1 is due to spreading and not simply adhesion (1997)

Rat basophilic leukemia cells will adhere to and spread out on fibronectin coated surfaces in an integrin dependent manner. Adhesion and spreading on fibronectin leads to increased degranulation, inositol phosphate production, phospholipase D activation, and increased production of prostaglandin D2 and leukotriene C4 when the cells are activated through the high affinity IgE receptor. Rat basophilic leukemia cells will also adhere to surfaces coated with anti-rat class I antibodies, poly-L-lysine, and a lectin purified from Tetragonolobus purpureas. In all cases, antigen activated cells, which were adherent, displayed increased signaling, degranulation and eicosanoid production as compared to cells which were non-adherent. Cells which adhere to either anti-rat class I antibodies or poly-L-lysine also spread even though this is not mediated through integrins. In contrast, adhesion to the lectin from Tetragonolobus did not cause any appreciable spreading unless the cells were also triggered through the IgE receptor. Cells were also able to bind to fibronectin immobilized on polystyrene beads which mimics adhesion but does not allow spreading. However, these cells exhibited no increased signaling, degranulation, or eicosanoid production. Furthermore, rat basophilic leukemia cells can be modified by incubating them in the presence of biotinylated-phosphatidylserine which becomes incorporated into the membrane. These modified cells will adhere to streptavidin coated plates while unmodified cells will not. However, these modified cells do not spread, even after activation with antigen, and they show no increased degranulation or production of eicosanoids. These results indicate that adhesion itself is not sufficient for upregulation of the cells in response to antigen and that spreading of the cells may be the critical component.
Dynamic Backlight Gamma on High Dynamic Range LCD TVs (2008)

A high dynamic range liquid crystal display (HDR-LCD) can enhance the contrast ratio of images by utilizing locally controlled dynamic backlight. We studied the HDR-LCD as a dual-panel display: a backlight module and a liquid crystal (LC) cell. As the gamma of the LC signal, the backlight module was also endowed with a gamma function to control the contrast ratio of HDR images. The inverse of a mapping function (IMF) method proposed as a dynamic gamma mapping curve for the backlight module, has been demonstrated to further improve in HDR image quality. By implementing the IMF method on a HDR-LCD TV with 88 backlight zones, the image contrast ratio can reach while maintaining high brightness, clear image detail, and an average power reduction of 30%.
A clinical prediction rule for identifying patients with patellofemoral pain who are likely to benefit from foot orthoses: a preliminary determination (2008)

Post-hoc analysis identified age, height, pain severity and mid-foot morphometry as possible predictors of successful treatment of PFP with foot orthoses, thereby providing practitioners with information for prescribing foot orthoses in PFP and stimulating further research.
Electroconvulsive Therapy Doggerel (2009)

From the Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC. Received for publication March 26, 2009; accepted March 26, 2009.
Cobalamin analogues modulate the growth of leukemia cells in vitro. (1997)

Analogues of cyanocobalamin (CN-Cbl), with functional groups attached to either the various propionamide groups of the corrin ring or to the ribose-nucleotide linker arm, have been evaluated in a cobalamin (Cbl)-dependent in vitro cell growth assay. In this bioassay, CN-Cbl supported, in a dose-dependent manner, the growth of the murine lymphoma BW5147 and the Cbl carrier protein, human apo-transcobalamin II, reduced the required concentration of Cbl by 100-1000-fold. Any chemical modification of Cbl decreased its ability to support cellular viability and proliferation, with several of the modifications abrogating activity completely. All of the Cbl analogues that promoted growth required the presence of apo-transcobalamin II for the optimal support of cell growth. Generally, Cbl analogues modified at the d-position of the corrin ring and, to a lesser degree, analogues modified at the b- position supported cell growth, whereas analogues with modifications at the e-position did not support cell growth. Mixing experiments demonstrated an inverse order of potency of Cbl analogues to inhibit cell growth. Thus, Cbl analogues with modifications at the e-position were potent inhibitors, whereas b-analogues exhibited only partial inhibitory activity at high molar excess, and d-analogues had no inhibitory activity at all. These results indicate that modifications at the e-position of Cbl abolish the ability of Cbl to support cell growth and generate potent inhibitors of Cbl-dependent cell growth.
TOXICITY OF GLYPHOSATE APPLIED TO ROOTS OF BARLEY SEEDLINGS (1982)

S ummary The toxicity of glyphosate to barley seedlings when applied to the entire root system in water culture was such that at pH 7.5 the minimum lethal dose was around 15 mg l −1 ; 3 mg l −1 caused a 23 % decrease in shoot dry wt. Barley and wheat seedlings did not differ significantly in susceptibility. The growth of seminal roots with a short (5 mm) length of the tip exposed to 500 mg l −1 glyphosate in culture solution was decreased by about 50%. Unless a large amount of the root system of an establishing crop came into contact with the rhizomes of couch grass which had been treated with glyphosate, herbicide release by the rhizomes seems likely to be unimportant.
Wave Propagation in a DC Superconducting Cable Part II: Parametric Effects (1981)

This paper studies wave propagation in several designs of dc superconducting cables. DC conventional cables are also included for the purpose of comparison. For a multiconductor cable system, undesirable transient voltages may develop across parts that are not designed to withstand high voltages. The effects of several parameters were studied to limit these voltages; these are voltage rating, number of conductors, conductor resistances, earth resistivity, terminal grounding resistances of the "grounded" conductors at the origin and dielectric constants. Voltage rating, conductor resistances, and terminal grounding resistances seem to influence the transient performance of a multiconductor cable significantly. The effect of finite earth resistivity is insignificant.
In Search of Europe (2004)

This study is a cross-national comparative content analysis of the coverage of European Union politics in British, Danish, Dutch, French, and German television news. The study identifies key characteristics of the coverage and investigates influences shaping the coverage. In the majority of countries studied, EU politics was marginally represented in national television news. EU officials, too, were absent in the news. However, if the EU was covered, EU politics was more prominently presented than other political news. Three influences were found to positively contribute to the amount and prominence of EU news: it was more prominent in public broadcasting news programs, in countries with higher levels of public satisfaction with democracy, and during periods around EU summits. The visibility of EU officials in television news was highest in public news programs. The findings suggest that, with EU coverage being of limited visibility and without protagonists, the Europeanization of television news coverage is more an illusion than reality.