gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The semiclassical self-consistent field method for polyatomic vibrations: Use of hyperspherical coordinates for H2O and CO2 (1986)

The use of hyperspherical coordinates within the semiclassical self-consistent-field model (SCSCF) is investigated for two-mode models, corresponding to nonbending CO2 and H2O. The hyperspherical coordinate set is highly collective; since the screening which is characteristic of collective coordinates should result in increased accuracy of SCF methods, it might be expected that these coordinates would lead to very good SCF results. Numerical tests show that indeed the hyperspherical SCF results are accurate and superior to SCF either in local- or in normal-mode coordinates, the improvement being larger for CO2 than for H2O. These calculations show as does recent work on HCN that proper choice of the coordinate system can lead to much improved SCF results.
Synthesis of hydrophilic silica nanoparticle and its application as self-cleaning coating for solar cell panels (2019)

Abstract In past decades, nanotechnology has attracted much attention among researchers and industries due to its high potential of adding significant values to the original materials. Thin film coating with nanomaterial can provide new properties and enhance performances of pristine surfaces for certain applications. In this research, we investigated the development of superhydrophilic self-cleaning coatings for solar panels using colloidal silica nanoparticles. The coatings consist of colloidal silica nanoparticles with the average size of 30 nm, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and boric acid under various formulations. The coatings can be applied by simple painting or fine spraying. The light transmittance of the coated samples was characterized by UV–visible spectrophotometer. The water contact angle (WCA) was measured by a contact angle instrument. It was observed that the optimum weight ratio of silica nanoparticles : sodium dihydrogen phosphate : boric acid was 22:1:1 with contact angle of 1.83° and transmittance of 65%.
A STUDY ON DRIVERS' CHARACTERISTICS BASED ON THE MENTAL STRESS WHEN USING THE COMMUNICATION SERVICES OF IN-VEHICLE INFORMATION SYSTEMS (1999)

This paper focuses on investigating the drivers' characteristics when using the communication services of in-vehicle information systems, based on the modality of the human interface and the mental stress imposed. In the experiment, a simple driving simulator was utilized and the subjects were required to perform two different tasks (a tracking task to simulate usual driving and a secondary task to simulate the use of communication services) simultaneously. The secondary task was based on mental arithmetic using a display method (visual or auditory display) and input method (touch or verbal input). The subjects' characteristics were analyzed and evaluated in terms of eye movement, control performance, subjective rating and performance of the secondary task. The results imply that the drivers' mental strain can be decreased by appropriate selection of the modality of the human interface based on the level of the mental stress when using the communication services. (A*) For the covering abstract see ITRD E110327.
Coexistence of potentiation and fatigue in skeletal muscle (2000)

Twitch potentiation and fatigue in skeletal muscle are two conditions in which force production is affected by the stimulation history. Twitch potentiation is the increase in the twitch active force observed after a tetanic contraction or during and following low-frequency stimulation. There is evidence that the mechanism responsible for potentiation is phosphorylation of the regulatory light chains of myosin, a Ca2+-dependent process. Fatigue is the force decrease observed after a period of repeated muscle stimulation. Fatigue has also been associated with a Ca2+-related mechanism: decreased peak Ca2+ concentration in the myoplasm is observed during fatigue. This decrease is probably due to an inhibition of Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Although potentiation and fatigue have opposing effects on force production in skeletal muscle, these two presumed mechanisms can coexist. When peak myoplasmic Ca2+ concentration is depressed, but myosin light chains are relatively phosphorylated, the force response can be attenuated, not different, or enhanced, relative to previous values. In circumstances where there is interaction between potentiation and fatigue, care must be taken in interpreting the contractile responses.
Piezoelectric Actuator Integrated Cantilever with Tunable Spring Constant For Atom Probe (2006)

A scanning probe for time-of-flight scanning force microscopy (TOF-SFM) with Pb(Zr, Ti)O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> (PZT) thin film actuators is designed and fabricated. This probe is designed to pick up an atom or molecule under SFM mode, and emits them to a TOF mass analyzer using field-assisted evaporation for analyzing its mass (AP; atom probe). For this operation, the probe should be actuated with a large displacement in order to exactly place the end of probe at the front of an extra electrode. The small spring constant of the probe is advantageous for obtaining large actuation, but the instability is caused during surface imaging due to pull-in. Therefore, a tuning actuator, which varies the stiffness ofthe probe with its active deformation, is integrated. The probe is fabricated using Si micromachining from a SOI wafer on which the PZT is deposited by sputtering. The fabricated probe generates a static displacement up to 15 pm with an applied voltage of 5V, also tuning of the spring constant is demonstrated.
Corrigenda (1993)

J. R. Bull, K. Bischofberger, R. I. Thomson, J. L. M. Dillen, P. H. van Rooye, T. Hudlicky, H. Luna, H. F. Olivo, C. Anderson, T. Nugent and J. D. Pric, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1, 1993, 535 DOI: 10.1039/P19930000535
Rapid pole climbing with a quadrupedal robot (2009)

This paper describes the development of a legged robot designed for general locomotion of complex terrain but specialized for dynamical, high-speed climbing of a uniformly convex cylindrical structure, such as an outdoor telephone pole. This robot, the RiSE V3 climbing machine-mass 5.4 kg, length 70 cm, excluding a 28 cm tail appendage-includes several novel mechanical features, including novel linkage designs for its legs and a non-backdrivable, energy-dense power transmission to enable high-speed climbing. We summarize the robot's design and document a climbing behavior that achieves rapid ascent of a wooden telephone pole at 21 cm/s, a speed previously unachieved-and, we believe, heretofore impossible-with a robot of this scale. The behavioral gait of the robot employs the mechanical design to propel the body forward while passively maintaining yaw, pitch, and roll stability during climbing locomotion. The robot's general-purpose legged design coupled with its specialized ability to quickly gain elevation and park at a vertical station silently with minimal energy consumption suggest potential applications including search and surveillance operations as well as ad hoc networking.
A real-time alpha monitoring system for radioactive liquid waste (1995)

A real-time monitor for radioactive liquid waste is being developed at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). This detector system is designed to monitor for large changes in alpha activity in a liquid waste stream. The detector is unique in that it monitors the ionization created by alpha interactions with air, using long-range alpha detector (LRAD) technology. This is a non-intrusive method that can be used in various complicated geometries. This technique only allows for the monitoring of the surface of the liquid, however, preliminary tests indicate that the technique should allow for real-time, sensitive monitoring of a well-mixed liquid waste stream. This technique will require further research and development, but the final system should be an inexpensive detector system for segregating and monitoring radioactive liquids at national laboratories, processing facilities, and nuclear power plants.
Pyroelectric activity of aromatic-substituted copolysiloxane/ eicosylamine alternate-layer Langmuir-Blodgett films (1994)

The pyroelectric behaviour of alternate-layer Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films containing monomelic eicosylamine and a linear copolysiloxane substituted with ×omega;-(4-alkoxyphenyl)alkanoic acid side-groups has been investigated. A quasi-static detection method has been used to measure the rate of change of electric polarization with respect to temperature, i.e. the pyroelectric coefficient of these molecular thin films. The coefficient measured at 303 K is 6·4 μCm−2 K−2, which is one of the highest values ever reported for an LB film device.
1H and13C NMR Full Assignment of a Series of Precursor Polymers Derived from the Sulfinyl Route Towards Poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (2001)

A series of precursor polymers towards poly(p-phenylene vinylene) is analyzed by different complementary NMR techniques. Resonance assignments were achieved by the use of one- and two-dimensional NMR techniques, such as 1H, 13C, APT, 2D-HETCOR, FLOCK, COSY and INADEQUATE. The series consists of the sulfinyl precursor poly[p-phenylene(1-butylsulfinyl)ethylene] and the derived sulfanyl (poly[p-phenylene(1-butylsulfanyl)ethylene] and sulfonyl derivative (poly[p-phenylene(1-butylsulfonyl)ethylene]). Chiral induction during polymerization of sulfinyl monomers was quantified by high resolution 13C NMR.
Model-based estimation of pulmonary compliance and resistance parameters from time-based capnography (2015)

We propose a highly-simplified single-alveolus mechanistic model of lung mechanics and gas mixing that leads to an analytical solution for carbon dioxide partial pressure in exhaled breath, as measured by time-based capnography. Using this solution, we estimate physiological parameters of the lungs on a continuous, breath-by-breath basis. We validate our model with capnograms from 15 subjects responding positively (>20% FEV1 drop from baseline) to methacholine challenge, and subsequently recovering with bronchodilator treatment. Our results suggest that parameter estimates from capnography may provide discriminatory value for lung function comparable to spirometry, thus warranting more detailed study.
D2‐40‐positive solitary fibrous tumors of the pleura: Diagnostic pitfall of biopsy specimen (2007)

Solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura (SFTP) is an uncommon spindle-cell neoplasm and is sometimes confused with other spindle-cell tumors, such as sarcomatoid mesotheliomas. D2-40 is a new monoclonal antibody recognizing podoplanin and several studies have confirmed the reliability of D2-40 in the diagnosis of pleural mesothelioma. The authors encountered a case of SFTP that was immunoreactive to D2-40. A 56-year-old woman was admitted to hospital because of an abnormal shadow on a chest X-ray. Percutaneous needle biopsy indicated a spindle-cell tumor showing positive immunoreactivity for CD34, supporting the diagnosis of SFTP. However, the tumor was also immunoreactive to D2-40 and thus malignant mesothelioma could not be ruled out. The tumor was surgically resected to make a definitive pathological diagnosis. The tumor had a patternless architecture and immunohistochemistry was positive for CD34 and D2-40 but was negative for calretinin and cytokeratin 5/6. Therefore a pathological diagnosis of SFTP was made. An additional six tumors diagnosed as SFTP were also tested. Focal immunoreactivity to D2-40 was positive in three out of seven cases, including the first case. Care is required in diagnosing biopsy specimens of D2-40-positive pleural spindle-cell tumors, especially in making the differential diagnosis between SFTP and malignant mesothelioma.
Synthesis of rotor test data for real-time simulation (1979)

A mathematical model of a hingeless tilting rotor is presented. The model was obtained by a systematic curve fit procedure applied to an extensive set of model scale wind tunnel data. The math model equations were used in a real time flight simulation model of a hingeless tilt rotor XV-15 to assess changes in flying qualities compared to those obtained using a previous rotor model. Extensive plots of the rotor derivatives are given. Discussions of attempts to apply multivariable linear regression technqiues to the data and the use of an analytical rotor representation are included.
Establishing the long term moisture barrier performance of the edge seal from accelerated testing (2014)

In this work a novel and relatively inexpensive test technique is developed for characterizing moisture barrier performance of the edge seal in PV modules in a manner that is decoupled from other components of the PV module. A theoretical framework is developed to conjecture appropriate equations and functional forms for moisture breakthrough time in accelerated tests as well as in the field for an edge seal with desiccant embedded in it. Results from accelerated testing are shown to fit the proposed functional forms under various conditions thereby validating the theoretical framework. These equations and functional forms enable the prediction of long term moisture barrier performance of the edge seal using historical meteorological data (TMY data) in conjunction with results from accelerated tests. In the specific case of edge seal tested on certain MiaSole glass-glass modules these results establish that the edge seal considered is sufficient to prevent moisture ingress in the module, beyond the intended service life of the module, even for the most aggressive environmental conditions evaluated in this study. Further this study identifies paths to extend this work to the more complex structure involved in building CIGS based flexible products.
Design issues for a Dexter-based hypermedia system (1993)

This paper discusses experiences and lessons learned from the design of an open hypermedia system, one that integrates applications and data not "owned" by the hypermedia. The Dexter Hypertext Reference Model [8] was used as the basis for the design. Though our experiences were generally positive, we found the model constraining in certain ways and underdeveloped in others. For instance, Dexter argues against dangling links, but we found several situations where permitting and supporting dangling links was advisable. In Dexter, the data objects making up a component's contents are encapsulated in the componen~in practice, references to objeeta stored apart from the hypermedia structure should be allowed. We elaborate Dexter's notion of composite component to include composites that "contain" other components and composites with structured contents, among others. The paper also includes a critique of Dexter's notion of link directionality, proposes a dktinction between marked and unmarked anchors, and discussesanchoring within a composite.
Visual Perception of Semi-transparent Blotches: Detection and Restoration (2008)

The two examples above show that the use of human visual perception can help in various fields of image processing and in particular in image restoration. Even though the model and the corresponding framework presented in this paper are just a first step in this direction, the achieved results show the huge potentiality of this approach. There are many cases, like those presented, that classical tools of image processing cannot manage in an
Genotype and Environment Effects on Dynamics of Harvest Index during Grain Filling in Sorghum (2003)

An approach based on a linear rate of increase in harvest index (HI) with time after anthesis has been used as a simple means to predict grain growth and yield in many crop simulation models. When applied to diverse situations, however, this approach has been found to introduce significant error in grain yield predictions. Accordingly, this study was undertaken to examine the stability of the HI approach for yield prediction in sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]. Four field experiments were conducted under nonlimiting water and N conditions. The experiments were sown at times that ensured a broad range in temperature and radiation conditions. Treatments consisted of two population densities and three genotypes varying in maturity. Frequent sequential harvests were used to monitor crop growth, yield, and the dynamics of HI. Experiments varied greatly in yield and final HI. There was also a tendency for lower HI with later maturity. Harvest index dynamics also varied among experiments and, to a lesser extent, among treatments within experiments. The variation was associated mostly with the linear rate of increase in HI and timing of cessation of that increase. The average rate of HI increase was 0.0198 d −1 , but this was reduced considerably (0.0147) in one experiment that matured in cool conditions. The variations found in HI dynamics could be largely explained by differences in assimilation during grain filling and remobilization of preanthesis assimilate. We concluded that this level of variation in HI dynamics limited the general applicability of the HI approach in yield prediction and suggested a potential alternative for testing.
Iterative Soft-Decision Decoding of Binary Cyclic Codes (2008)

Binary cyclic codes achieve good error correction performance and allow the implementation of very simpleencoder and decoder circuits. Among them, BCH codesrepresent a very important class of t-error correcting codes, with known structural properties and error correction capability. Decoding of binary cyclic codes is often accomplished through hard-decision decoders, although it is recognized that softdecision decoding algorithms can produce significant coding gain with respect to hard-decision techniques. Several approaches have been proposed to implement iterative soft-decision decoding of binary cyclic codes. We study the technique based on “extended parity-check matrices”, and show that such method is not suitable for high rates or long codes. We propose a new approach, based on “reduced parity-check matrices” and “spread parity-check matrices”, that can achieve better correction performance in many practical cases, without increasing the complexity.
German Exodus: Historical Perspectives on the Nineteenth-Century Emigration (1985)

In the century that has elapsed since the crest tide of mass emigration from Germany, historians on both shores of the Atlantic have struggled to understand the causes and patterns of that exodus.Early on their work was motivated by concerns of public policy, which led them, unconsciously perhaps, to overlook the fundamentally international nature of migration.These national perspectives outlived the topicality of their subject, and continued to define migration scholarship until well into the 1950s.Since then, however, the interpretations of German and American historians have converged.Nation^ perspectives have given way to structural analyses of the trans-Atlantic migration as a social process unto itself.For German historians, this trend has coincided with a return of emigration scholarship to the service of policy discussions.With an eye to clarifying the problem of foreign guest workers in the Federal Republic, they have helped their fellow citizens to recognize that theirs is less a country of emigration than their national myths suppose.Already in 1912 Wilhelm Monckmeier observed that the "various forms of migration have much in common and therefore would best be investigated . . . in terms of their common characteristics," as if to suggest that migration should be treated as an international process, rather than to deal with its constituent categories-emigration, immigra tion, internal migration, and so forth-in isolation from each other.^But he was unwilling to do so.Instead, Monckmeier chose to examine overseas emigration alone, and to weigh its implications for German colonial policy.Monckmeier's volume showed two related historiographical trends that dominated migration research for the ensuing forty years.First, he drew sharp distinctions between emigration, immigration and internal migration.Second, he limited his study to German conditions-he was only mildly interested in Germans once they had left the homeland, and with emigrants of other countries not at all.The scope and content of migration research crystalized around the nation-state, not around
Effects of Leptin on Insulin Secretion From Isolated Rat Pancreatic Islets (1998)

Leptin is a hormone secreted by adipocytes as a peripheral metabolic signal for the central regulation of energy homeostasis or the reproductive system. Recent studies demonstrated that leptin receptor mRNA is expressed in pancreatic islets of rodents and that leptin at relatively high doses inhibits glucose-induced insulin secretion from rat islets. However, the physiological mechanism of leptin on insulin secretion has not been identified. In this study, we report that leptin inhibits glucose-induced insulin secretion at lower concentrations ranging from 25 to 50 ng/ml using a static incubation method. A perifusion study revealed that leptin (50 ng/ml) affected the second phase of insulin secretion but not the first phase. Leptin did not affect insulin secretion stimulated by glibenclamide (1 and 5 micromol/l) or forskolin (1 micromol/l). Leptin (50 ng/ml) significantly inhibited insulin secretion induced by the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA) in the presence of Ca2+ but not in the absence of Ca2+. Because TPA is known to activate protein kinase C (PKC), these present results suggest that leptin, at a physiological concentration, suppresses the second phase of insulin secretion by reducing activity of the Ca2+-dependent PKC isoform.
The Isolation and Characterization of a New Tetrahydroprotoberberine Alkaloid from Corydalis clarkei (1985)

The MeOH extract of Corydalis clarkei Prain yielded two tetrahydroprotoberberine alkaloids that bear the unusual 1,2- and 9, 10-tetraoxygenated substitution pattern observed previously only in caseanidine . The alkaloids have been identified as caseanidine (1) and the new alkaloid, clarkeanidine (2). The 1H- and 13C-nmr shifts of both alkaloids have been assigned unambiguously using 2-D nmr. The elucidation of the structure of 2 was achieved by comparison of the 1H- and 13C-nmr spectra of 2 with those of caseanidine coupled with additional spectroscopic evidence.
Gain anisotropy in a semiconductor optical amplifier: confinement factors or material gain (2004)

We show that if gain anisotropy in a bulk semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) is attributed to different confinement factors for the TE and TM modes, the anisotropy as a function of pump current is quite different from the case when another mechanism, material gain anisotropy due to weak strain in the active layer, is the cause of anisotropy. With a simple model for the latter mechanism we obtain a good description of trends seen in a recent experiment and give a prescription for the phenomenological hole reservoir anisotropy factor f that has been introduced before in model simulations.