gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Energy Consumption Prediction of a Greenhouse and Optimization of Daily Average Temperature (2018)

Greenhouses are high energy-consuming and anti-seasonal production facilities. In some cases, energy consumption in greenhouses accounts for 50% of the cost of greenhouse production. The high energy consumption has become a major factor hindering the development of greenhouses. In order to improve the energy efficiency of the greenhouse, it is important to predict its energy consumption. In this study, the energy consumption mathematical model of a Venlo greenhouse is established based on the principle of energy conservation. Three optimization algorithms are used to identify the parameters which are difficult to determine in the energy consumption model. In order to examine the accuracy of the model, some verifications are made. The goal of achieving high yield, high quality and high efficiency production is a problem in the study of greenhouse environment control. Combining the prediction model of greenhouse energy consumption with the relatively accurate weather forecast data for the next week, the energy consumption of greenhouse under different weather conditions is predicted. Taking the minimum energy consumption as the objective function, the indoor daily average temperatures of 7 days are optimized to provide the theoretical reference for the decision-making of heating in the greenhouse. The results show that the optimized average daily temperatures save 9% of the energy cost during a cold wave.
Convergence Acceleration of Alternating Series (2000)

We discuss some linear acceleration methods for alternating series which are in theory and in practice much better than that of Euler–Van Wijngaarden. One of the algorithms, for instance, allows one to calculate Σ(−1)kak with an error of about 17.93–n from the first n terms for a wide class of sequences {ak}. Such methods are useful for high precision calculations frequently appearing in number theory.
Modeling of Magneto-rheological Fluid Damper Employing Recurrent Neural Networks (2006)

Due to inherent nonlinear behaviors of magneto-rheological (MR) fluid dampers, one of challenges for utilizing effectively these devices as actuators to control vibration of mechanical system is to develop accurate models. A recurrent neural networks, with 3 input neurons and 1 output neuron in input layer and out layer respectively and 7 recurrent neurons in the hidden layer, is used to simulate behaviors of automotive MR fluid damper to develop control algorithms for suspension systems. The recursive prediction error algorithms are applied to train the recurrent neural networks using test data from lab where the MR fluid dampers were tested by the MTS electro-hydraulic servo vibrator system. Training of recurrent neural networks has been done by means of recursive prediction error algorithms presented in this paper and data generated from test above-mentioned. In comparison with experimental results of MR fluid damper, the recurrent neural networks are reasonably accurate to depict performances of MR fluid damper over a wide range of operating conditions.
Atmospheric H2O and the search for Martian brines (1988)

Abundant martian brines would have important implication for current theories of volatile migration on Mars, since, although the presence of metastable brines is quite plausible, any brine in the reasonably near-surface should be completely depleted on a timescale short in relation to the age of Mars. It is important to determine whether brines exist in the martian subsurface, for the current paradigm for understanding martian volatile regime requires substantial alteration if they are found to exist. It is determined, however, that the prospect for detection of a subsurface brine via atmospheric water vapor measurements is marginal. Four reasons are given for this conclusion.
The Reaction of the Anti-interferon-  Monoclonal Antibody, NK2, with Different Interferons (1984)

Analysis of the neutralization of human interferon-alpha by the monoclonal antibody NK2 showed, by three different methods, that the avidity constant was about 10(10)M-1. A small decrease in the avidity constant (and in the antibody titre) with increasing interferon concentrations was observed, suggesting that the antibody-interferon complex had a little biological activity. The antibody neutralizes the interferon by preventing the binding of interferon to susceptible cells. It does not react with human-gamma, mouse-alpha, monkey, bovine or rabbit interferons.
Chemical and genetic validation of dihydrofolate reductase–thymidylate synthase as a drug target in African trypanosomes (2008)

The phenotypes of single- (SKO) and double-knockout (DKO) lines of dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase (DHFR-TS) of bloodstream Trypanosoma brucei were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Growth of SKO in vitro is identical to wild-type (WT) cells, whereas DKO has an absolute requirement for thymidine. Removal of thymidine from the medium triggers growth arrest in S phase, associated with gross morphological changes, followed by cell death after 60 h. DKO is unable to infect mice, whereas the virulence of SKO is similar to WT. Normal growth and virulence could be restored by transfection of DKO with T. brucei DHFR-TS, but not with Escherichia coli TS. As pteridine reductase (PTR1) levels are unchanged in SKO and DKO cells, PTR1 is not able to compensate for loss of DHFR activity. Drugs such as raltitrexed or methotrexate with structural similarity to folic acid are up to 300-fold more potent inhibitors of WT cultured in a novel low-folate medium, unlike hydrophobic antifols such as trimetrexate or pyrimethamine. DKO trypanosomes show reduced sensitivity to these inhibitors ranging from twofold for trimetrexate to >10 000-fold for raltitrexed. These data demonstrate that DHFR-TS is essential for parasite survival and represents a promising target for drug discovery.
The conceptual organization: An emergent collaborative R&D organizational form (2003)

Analysis of organizational documentation, sociometric survey and observation data from a two-year field study of an R&D organization suggests that a new type of research and development (R&D) organization, called the conceptual organization, is emerging. The conceptual organization relies on and facilitates collaboration in research and development; it is based on a long-term vision that addresses large complex and challenging problems of national and global importance. Its purpose is to work towards this vision, quickly and effectively contributing to relevant dynamic knowledge bases and meeting diverse stakeholder needs with minimum capitalization and start-up costs. To achieve this, it has an explicit conceptual organizational structure in addition to a physical structure, both of which are interwoven across other external organizational and physical structures. Conceptual organizations engage scientists through the appeal of their vision and socio-technical infrastructures that encourage and facilitate collaboration. Challenges for conceptual organizations may arise due to conflicts with traditional norms and practices embedded in university and R&D settings.
ChemInform Abstract: Two New Alkaloids from Stemona tuberosa. (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Linkage of a major breast cancer gene to chromosome 17q12-21: results from 15 Edinburgh families. (1993)

DNA from members of 15 pedigrees each containing between three and eight cases of breast cancer have been collected from southeastern Scotland. Polymorphic markers on chromosome 17q were screened to locate a putative breast cancer gene by using DNA from relevant individuals within these families. Pairwise LOD scores were calculated for markers D17S74, NM23, D17S588, and D17S579. The maximal summated LOD for the 15 families was 5.44 at theta = .034, when D17S588 (42D6) was used. In these breast cancer families, a subset which did not give evidence for linkage to this region could be identified.
Artificial cells: from basic science to applications (2016)

Artificial cells have attracted much attention as substitutes for natural cells. There are many different forms of artificial cells with many different definitions. They can be integral biological cell imitators with cell-like structures and exhibit some of the key characteristics of living cells. Alternatively, they can be engineered materials that only mimic some of the properties of cells, such as surface characteristics, shapes, morphology, or a few specific functions. These artificial cells can have applications in many fields from medicine to environment, and may be useful in constructing the theory of the origin of life. However, even the simplest unicellular organisms are extremely complex and synthesis of living artificial cells from inanimate components seems very daunting. Nevertheless, recent progress in the formulation of artificial cells ranging from simple protocells and synthetic cells to cell-mimic particles, suggests that the construction of living life is now not an unrealistic goal. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the latest developments in the construction and application of artificial cells, as well as highlight the current problems, limitations, challenges and opportunities in this field.
Structural Aspects of the Red Cell Anion Exchange Protein (1986)

The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth and fate decision, organ size ...Read More
Synergy between anti‐endoglin (CD105) monoclonal antibodies and TGF‐β in suppression of growth of human endothelial cells (2003)

Endoglin (CD105) is a proliferation-associated cell membrane antigen of endothelial cells and strongly expressed in the angiogenic vasculature of solid tumors. Endoglin is essential for angiogenesis/vascular development and an ancillary transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) receptor. Certain anti-endoglin monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), termed SN6 series mAbs, inhibited angiogenesis, tumor growth and metastasis in mice. We investigated the mechanisms by which anti-endoglin mAbs suppress growth of proliferating endothelial cells. We found that 4 SN6 series mAbs suppressed growth of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in a dose-dependent manner in the absence of any effector cells or complement. Significant differences in the growth suppression between the 4 anti-endoglin mAbs defining different epitopes were observed. These differences were not determined by antigen-binding avidities of the mAbs. Combination of TGF-beta1 and each of the 4 anti-endoglin mAbs exerted synergistic growth suppression of HUVECs. Binding of anti-endoglin mAbs to endoglin-expressing cells did not block the subsequent binding of TGF-beta1. Conversely, preincubation of HUVECs with TGF-beta1 did not change cell surface expression of endoglin. The present results suggest that direct suppression of the endothelial cell growth by SN6 series mAbs is one of the underlying mechanisms by which anti-endoglin mAbs exert antiangiogenic and tumor-suppressive activity in vivo. The results further suggest that TGF-beta1 plays an important role in the in vivo antiangiogenic efficacy of anti-endoglin mAbs by synergistically enhancing the activity of these mAbs. Further studies of the present novel findings may provide valuable information about the functional roles of endoglin and anti-endoglin mAbs in the TGF-beta-mediated cell regulation.
Binding of β-lactam antibiotics to the exocellular <scp>dd</scp>-carboxypeptidase–transpeptidase of <i>Streptomyces</i> R39 (1974)

Benzylpenicillin and cephaloridine reacted with the exocellular dd-carboxypeptidase-transpeptidase from Streptomyces R39 to form equimolar and inactive antibiotic-enzyme complexes. At saturation, the molar ratio of chromogenic cephalosporin 87-312 to enzyme was 1.3:1, but this discrepancy might be due to a lack of accuracy in the measurement of the antibiotic. Spectrophotometric studies showed that binding of cephaloridine and cephalosporin 87-312 to the enzyme caused opening of their beta-lactam rings. Benzylpenicillin and cephalosporin 87-312 competed for the same site on the free enzyme, suggesting that binding of benzylpenicillin also resulted in the opening of its beta-lactam ring. In Tris-NaCl-MgCl(2) buffer at pH7.7 and 37 degrees C, the rate constants for the dissociation of the antibiotic-enzyme complexes were 2.8x10(-6), 1.5x10(-6) and 0.63x10(-6)s(-1) (half-lives 70, 130 and 300h) for benzylpenicillin, cephalosporin 87-312 and cephaloridine respectively. During the process, the protein underwent reactivation. The enzyme that was regenerated from its complex with benzylpenicillin was as sensitive to fresh benzylpenicillin as the native enzyme. With [(14)C]benzylpenicillin, the released radioactive compound was neither benzylpenicillin nor benzylpenicilloic acid. The Streptomyces R39 enzyme thus behaved as a beta-lactam-antibiotic-destroying enzyme but did not function as a beta-lactamase. Incubation at 37 degrees C in 0.01m-phosphate buffer, pH7.0, and in the same buffer supplemented with sodium dodecyl sulphate caused a more rapid reversion of the [(14)C]benzylpenicillin-enzyme complex. The rate constants were 1.6x10(-5)s(-1) and 0.8x10(-4)s(-1) respectively. Under these conditions, however, there was no concomitant reactivation of the enzyme and the released radioactive compound(s) appeared not to be the same as before. The Streptomyces R39 enzyme and the exocellular dd-carboxypeptidase-transpeptidase from Streptomyces R61 appeared to differ from each other with regard to the topography of their penicillin-binding site.
Enhancement of ABA responsiveness in wheat embryos by high temperature*† (1988)

Abstract. Mature wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) grain often possesses high‐temperature dormancy which restricts the grain from germinating at warm temperatures (25–30°C). Isolated embryos from such grain exhibited little high‐temperature dormancy when germinated in water. Dormancy was restored by the application of abscisic acid (ABA) to the embryos. The ability of ABA to block germination in isolated embryos was enhanced significantly by elevating the germination temperature. ABA was 100 times more effective in reducing embryonic germination at 30°C than at 15°C. These temperature effects on embryonic response to ABA are a useful system for studying the mechanism of ABA action in seed dormancy.
A Computational Study of the Reconstruction of Amorphous Mesoporous Materials from Gas Adsorption Isotherms and Structure Factors via Evolutionary Optimization (2006)

A general method for the three-dimensional reconstruction of mesoporous materials by evolutionary optimization against target data is developed. The method is applied specifically in reconstruction of amorphous material models using gas adsorption data, structure factor data, or a combination of both. A recently introduced lattice-gas approach is used to model adsorption in these calculations, and a high-pass limited Fourier representation is used to facilitate evolution of large-scale structures during the optimization. Reconstructions are made of several material models which mimic real materials obtained either by phase separation and etching or by sol-gel processing. Analysis of the reconstructions provides considerable insight into the type and quantity of structural information probed by gas adsorption and small-angle scattering experiments. We find that reconstructions based only on structure factors tend to underestimate the mean pore size. We also find that in many cases excellent reconstructions can be obtained using only adsorption-branch data, and that in all cases reconstructions based jointly on both types of data are superior to those based only on one, suggesting that these measures contain "complementary" information. It is also found that in most cases the use of desorption data is not warranted, and that the use of adsorption data taken at many temperatures will not improve reconstructions. The reproducibility of the method is shown to be satisfactory. The method can be computationally expensive if gas adsorption data are used, but it is easily parallelized, and therefore results can still be obtained in reasonable time. Finally, the possible application of this approach to real systems, including templated porous materials, is discussed.
Immunotoxin-mediated targeting of claudin-4 inhibits the proliferation of cancer cells (2013)

Immunotoxins are engineered chimeric proteins that consist of a fragment of a toxin fused to a modified antibody or growth factor capable of targeting specific cells. Furthermore, these proteins can be targeted to receptors that are commonly overexpressed on cancer cells. The majority of immunotoxins function by binding to cells, translocating into the cytosol and inhibiting protein synthesis. In this study, the expression of claudin‑4 (CLDN4) in various cancer cells was analysed as a potential target for immunotoxins. To target CLDN4-expressing cancer cells, the c-terminal CLDN4‑binding domain of Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) was fused to the Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A (ETA) domain to create an immunotoxin (CPE‑ETA'). Subsequently, the capacity of such an immunotoxin in suppressing the proliferation of CLDN4-positive cancer cells was investigated. We report that head and neck squamous carcinoma cells (HN5) have an elevated CLDN4 expression compared to the other cell lines tested. Our findings further demonstrate that CPE‑ETA' is highly potent against MCF-7 breast [50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) 9.8 ng/ml] and HN5 head/neck (IC50 8.8 ng/ml) cancer cell lines, while it has no cytotoxic effects on HeLa cells (CLDN4‑negative). The immunotoxin was subsequently expressed in the tumour colonising oncolytic strain, Clostridium ghonii. Most importantly, the strictly anaerobic Clostridium ghonii was able to overexpress and secrete a functional CPE‑ETA' fusion protein. Our findings open the possibility of the targeted delivery of the immunotoxin locally to tumour sites at a high concentration using strictly anaerobic Clostridium ghonii for the treatment of CLDN4-positive cancer cells.
Heat Wave Propagation and Losses in Thermal Oil Recovery Processes (1967)

An experimental study of heat flow in hot-water flooding has been carried out in a scale model with plane- radial fluid flow. The results of this work are reported and compared with several theoretical studies that have appeared in the literature. In comparing these theoretical results for hot fluid injection among themselves and with the results of the scale model experiment, good agreement is found in radial temperature distribution in the central plane. Theoretical vertical temperature distributions have not been published. According to the experimental result, the assumption of no temperature change across the flooded formation appears reasonable. The theories agree among themselves only qualitatively on thermal efficiency and heat losses, and agree even less with experimental results. The main disagreement is the dependence of the experimental results on injection rate. The subject is discussed under the following headings: (1) heat flow in hot-water flooding; (2) scale model; (3) analytical solutions; (4) heating efficiency; and (5) heating of a layer of porous, permeable material by injecting a hot fluid. (16 refs.)
The Gadolinium-Hydrogen System<sup>1</sup> (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Gadolinium-Hydrogen System1Gladys E. Sturdy and Robert N. R. MulfordCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1956, 78, 6, 1083–1087Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01587a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01587a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views361Altmetric-Citations94LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Regulation of a Sodium Channel-associated G-protein by Aldosterone (1996)

The action of aldosterone to increase apical membrane permeability in responsive epithelia is thought to be due to activation of sodium channels. This channel is regulated, in part, by G-proteins, but it is not known if this mechanism is regulated by aldosterone. We report that aldosterone stimulates the expression of the 41-kDa alphai3 subunit of the heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins in A-6 cells. Both mRNA and the total amount of this protein are increased by aldosterone. The G-protein is palmitoylated in response to the steroid, and the newly synthesized subunit is found to co-localize with the sodium channel. Aldosterone stimulation of sodium transport is significantly inhibited by inhibition of palmitoylation. These results suggest that aldosterone regulates sodium channel activity in epithelia through stimulation of the expression and post-translational targeting of a channel regulatory G-protein subunit.
Characterization of the Blood Brain Barrier Disruption in the Photothrombotic Stroke Model (2020)

Blood brain barrier (BBB) damage is an important pathophysiological feature of ischemic stroke which significantly contributes to development of severe brain injury and therefore is an interesting target for therapeutic intervention. A popular permanent occlusion model to study long term recovery following stroke is the photothrombotic model, which so far has not been anatomically characterized for BBB leakage beyond the acute phase. Here, we observed enhanced BBB permeability over a time course of 3 weeks in peri-infarct and core regions of the ischemic cortex. Slight increases in BBB permeability could also be seen in the contralesional cortex, hippocampus and the cerebellum at different time points, regions where lesion-induced degeneration of pathways is prominent. Severe damage of tight and adherens junctions and loss of pericytes was observed within the peri-infarct region. Overall, the photothrombotic stroke model reproduces a variety of features observed in human stroke and thus, represents a suitable model to study BBB damage and therapeutic approaches interfering with this process.
Phosphorus sorption to filter substrates : potential benefits for one-site wastewater treatment (1998)

Phosphorus sorption to filter substrates : potential benefits for one-site wastewater treatment