gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Integration of fuzzy control and model based concepts for disturbed industrial plants with large dead-times (1997)

In this paper a new fuzzy based control concept for severely disturbed industrial processes with large dead-times is presented which is characterized by a combination of fuzzy adaptive controllers with a physically based conventional predictive control concept. It has been successfully applied to a complex rheological glass manufacturing process. Practical experiences with the control design, optimization, implementation and process operation are discussed.
Investigation of magnetism at surfaces by polarized neutron reflection (invited) (1985)

It is shown that the spin-dependent reflectivity of a cold neutron beam from magnetically active surfaces, measured as a function of the neutron wavelength, can provide the magnetic depth profile of the material. Following the construction of a prototype instrument at the Intense Pulsed Neutron Source at Argonne, studies were made of the magnetic disturbances at the surface of superconductors. The results obtained, and discussed here, pertain to the penetration depth in a superconductor (niobium and lead) below the critical flux entry field Hc1, and the surface superconductivity of an incipient type II superconductor (lead-bismuth alloy) below Hc3. The prospects for this technique, with particular regard to the study of the surface critical phenomena of ferromagnets, are also discussed.
Effects of Masts on the Aerodynamics of Sail Sections (1978)

The effects of the addition of masts of varying geometries to two different sail-like two-dimensional airfoil sections were determined by water tunnel tests. Thirteen different mast-sail combinations were tested with four of the sections retested at a different time to confirm repeatability of the data. The results were found to be best presented and best understood by means of graphs of drag coefficient versus lift coefficient for fixed values of d/c(mast diameter/sail chord). The additional drag caused by the addition of a mast was found to be substantial, especially as the ratio d/cbecame relatively large. Results were found to be insensitive to changes in Reynolds number of a factor of two for d/cless than 0.3 for round masts, and 0.2 for elliptical masts (d for an elliptical mast is taken as the diameter of a circle having the same cross-sectional area). Elliptical masts with d/c greater than 0.3 gave results which exhibited a sensitivity to Reynolds number and which, over a limited range of lift coefficients, gave an unexpectedly high value of the ratio of lift coefficient/drag coefficient.
Underactuated boundary control of a linearized Saint-Venant equation (2025)

International audience
Spatiotemporal Intracellular Nitric Oxide Signaling Captured Using Internalized, Near-Infrared Fluorescent Carbon Nanotube Nanosensors (2014)

Fluorescent nanosensor probes have suffered from limited molecular recognition and a dearth of strategies for spatial-temporal operation in cell culture. In this work, we spatially imaged the dynamics of nitric oxide (NO) signaling, important in numerous pathologies and physiological functions, using intracellular near-infrared fluorescent single-walled carbon nanotubes. The observed spatial-temporal NO signaling gradients clarify and refine the existing paradigm of NO signaling based on averaged local concentrations. This work enables the study of transient intracellular phenomena associated with signaling and therapeutics.
Electrocardiographic Findings Predict Short-term Cardiac Morbidity After Transient Ischemic Attack (2002)

Short-term cardiac morbidity is substantial after TIA. Electrocardiographic findings disclose new atrial fibrillation in a significant portion of patients with TIA and can identify a group of patients at a substantially higher risk for short-term cardiac events.
Growth Hormone (GH)-Releasing Factor Does Not Regulate GH Release or GH mRNA Levels in GH<sub>3</sub>Cells* (1984)

Previous studies have shown that GH-releasing factor (GRF) regulates both GH production and GH mRNA levels in primary cultures of rat pituitary cells. Investigations were carried out to ascertain the ability of GRF to regulate GH production or mRNA levels in a clonal strain of rat pituitary tumor (GH3) cells. Incubation of the cells with GRF at 1-1000 nM for 4 h to 10 days did not result in a stimulation of GH or PRL production, nor did it affect the cytoplasmic levels of the corresponding mRNAs. The lack of response to GRF was not affected by dexamethasone, T3, or serum. We conclude that GH3 cells do not provide a useful model system for studies of the mechanism(s) of action of GRF on either GH release or GH gene expression.
In-vitro Study of Effect of the Design of the Stent on the Arterial Waveforms (2019)

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) occurs as a result of atherosclerosis, which involves plaque formation on the inner walls of the arteries. This reduces the size of the vessel's lumen and restricts blood flow to the leg muscles, leading to pain, the death of tissue and even the amputation of the lower leg. One treatment method for PAD is the placement of a stent, which acts as a scaffold holding open the artery, increasing blood flow to the lower extremities. However, the stents for PAD are known to fail more regularly due to the complicated biomechanical conditions such as heavy calcified and long atherosclerotic lesions. Stenting in the peripheral arteries still fail in 25% of vessels after 2 years. One of the major influences on the rate of restenosis is the rate at which the platelets become activated. This activation is controlled by changes of wall shear stress, which is in turn influenced by the flow rate, and pressure. This study hypothesizes that stents in the arteries can cause the reflection of the waveform, which would alter the flow rate and pressure waveforms, causing increase in the rate of restenosis. This is potentially why various in-vivo studies have found that stents with thicker struts cause increased levels of restenosis. In this study, the effect of stent design on haemodynamic flow will be investigated, with the intention of optimising the designs currently in use in medicine. By setting up an in-vitro experiment, with an artificial artery, it is possible to record the flow rate, change in diameter and pressure caused to the blood flow by the stent. In this experiment, it is intended to use a series of 3D printed stents of two designs (Palmaz and Zigzag), with differing, strut thickness to determine which causes the most reflection, in an attempt to optimise the stent design.
A Flight Simulator Study to Evaluate Manual Flying Skills of Airline Pilots (2014)

This paper reports an experimental study with the objective to assess pilots’ raw-data-based flight performance which is affected by long-term practice and structured training. Fifty-seven airline pilots with different levels of aviation experience scheduled on an Airbus fleet, representing contrary levels of practice and training, had to fly a simulated 45 minutes approach and landing scenario while flight performance data were objectively recorded. The level of practice and training was found to have a significant influence on manual flying skills. Pilots with low levels of practice and training showed a large variance in manual flight performance; pilots with high levels of practice and training demonstrated high and homogenous performance.
Harvest regimen changes sericea lespedeza condensed tannin, fiber and protein concentrations (2017)

Abstract Sericea lespedeza ( Lespedeza cuneata [Dumont de Courset] G. Don.; SL ) is a perennial, warm‐season legume containing condensed tannins ( CT ) that can play important roles in ruminant ecosystems. Our research objective was to determine season‐long average herbage CT fractions, crude protein ( CP ) and fiber concentrations under three harvest regimens for SL cv. AU G razer at five locations within the southeastern USA during 2010. Harvest regimens were regrowth every 35 days (35‐day), previously uncut plots every 35 days ( ACCUM ), or regrowth when height reached 40 cm (40 cm). We found harvest regimen by location interactions ( P ≤ 0.05) for all dependent variables. The ACCUM plants usually had greater ( P ≤ 0.05) fiber concentrations where there were differences, except for the Louisiana location. The lowest (114 g kg −1 ; P ≤ 0.05) CP concentrations were measured in ACCUM plants at the driest location (Texas) while the highest (181 g kg −1 for North Carolina plants) came from the 35‐day regimen. Total CT ( TCT ) concentration varied ( P ≤ 0.05) from a low of 61.1 g kg −1 for ACCUM plants in Louisiana to 100.7 g kg −1 for Texas plants harvested from 35‐day plots. In summary, harvest regimen influenced SL nutrient and CT concentrations. Fiber concentration was better correlated (−0.621 for acid detergent fiber; P ≤ 0.05) with TCT than CP (−0.014; P = 0.82). Sericea lespedeza regrowth harvested every 35 days had higher season‐long average TCT concentrations in two of five locations along with greater CP and less fiber concentrations in four of five locations compared to the ACCUM regimen.
Serum Apolipoprotein AI and B Are Stronger Biomarkers of Diabetic Retinopathy Than Traditional Lipids (2011)

ApoAI and apoB and the apoB-to-apoAI ratio were significantly and independently associated with diabetic retinopathy and diabetic retinopathy severity and improved the ability to discriminate diabetic retinopathy by 8%. Serum apolipoprotein levels may therefore be stronger biomarkers of diabetic retinopathy than traditional lipid measures.
Myalgia caused by chronic myositis associated with plasmacytosis: a case report (2018)

The patient was diagnosed with inflammatory myositis due to plasmacytosis. Given that plasmacytosis has previously been reported to disrupt the immune status, myositis in this patient might have been associated with abnormal autoimmune inflammation. Neurologists and physicians should thus be aware that plasmacytosis might be associated with inflammatory myositis accompanied by myalgia.
Allogeneic marrow transplantation in patients with acute myeloid leukemia in first remission: a randomized trial of two irradiation regimens [see comments] (1990)

Abstract A randomized trial of 12.0 Gy versus 15.75 Gy of total body irradiation (TBI) was performed in patients with acute myeloid leukemia undergoing allogeneic marrow transplantation while in first complete remission. All patients received 120 mg/kg cyclophosphamide followed by TBI and marrow from HLA-identical siblings. Cyclosporine and methotrexate were used for prophylaxis against acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Thirty-four patients received 2.0-Gy fractions of irradiation daily for 6 days and 37 received 2.25-Gy fractions daily for 7 days. The 3-year actuarial probabilities for relapse-free survival were 0.58 for the patients who received 12.0 Gy and 0.59 for those who received 15.75 Gy. The 3-year probabilities of relapse were 0.35 for the 12.0 Gy group and 0.12 for the 15.75 Gy group (P = .06). The 3-year probabilities of transplant-related mortality were 0.12 and 0.32, respectively (P = .04). The probability of moderate to severe acute GVHD was 0.21 for the 12.0 Gy group and 0.48 for the 15.75 Gy group (P = .02). Patients exposed to the higher irradiation dose received less immunoprophylaxis against, and had a higher incidence of, acute GVHD. The increased dose of TBI significantly reduced the probability of relapse but did not improve survival because of increased mortality from causes other than relapse.
Poly High Internal Phase Emulsion for the Immobilization of Chemical Warfare Agents (2017)

We report a facile method for the absorption (characterized by the weight/weight swelling degree, Q) of a variety of chemical warfare agents (CWAs); including sulfur mustard (HD) (Q = 40) and V-series (VM, VX, i-Bu-VX, n-Bu-VX) of nerve agents (Q ≥ 45) and a simulant, methyl benzoate (Q = 55), through the use of a poly(styrene-co-vinyl benzyl chloride-co-divinylbenzene) lightly cross-linked poly high internal phase emulsion (polyHIPE). By varying the vinyl benzyl chloride (VBC) content and the volume of the internal phase of the precursor emulsion it is demonstrated that absorption is facilitated both by the swelling of the polymer and the uptake of liquid in the pores. In particular the sample prepared from a 95% internal emulsion water content showed rapid swelling (<5 min to total absorption) and the ability to swell both from a monolithic state and from a compressed state, making these systems ideal practical candidates for the rapid immobilization of CWAs.
Predischarge early exercise therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction on the basis of anaerobic threshold(AT). (1990)

The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of an early predischarge exercise therapy, started 2 weeks following acute myocardial infarction (AMI), to working functional capacity. Seventeen AMI patients (10 males, 7 females, mean age 62 +/- 11 years) were examined in this study. Six, serious clinical symptoms and complications, were excluded, while the remaining 11 patients completed, the whole exercise therapy protocol (2 weeks). Patients performed exercise performed for 20-30 min twice daily at a target heart rate (90% level of heart rate at AT) on the basis of anaerobic threshold (AT) determined using treadmill ramp exercise with our protocol. Heart rates (HR) at rest, warming-up and AT point decreased significantly (p less than 0.05) after exercise therapy, although peak HR remained unchanged. O2 pulse at the AT point and endpoint, after exercise therapy, improved significantly (p less than 0.05), when compared to that before therapy. Moreover, AT and peak VO2 improved remarkably (p less than 0.05), as did exercise time to the AT point and endpoint after exercise therapy (p less than 0.05), when compared to that before therapy. These results indicate that the predischarge early exercise therapy begun 2 weeks after AMI will be effective and beneficial in improving working capacity with improvement of physical deconditioning. Additionally, it is necessary that patients with severe clinical symptoms and complications be excluded.
ChemInform Abstract: RAMAN SPECTRA AND STRUCTURAL PHASE TRANSITIONS OF THE PEROVSKITE‐TYPE LAYER COMPOUNDS RUBIDIUM TETRAFLUOROALUMINATE AND AMMONIUM TETRAFLUOROALUMINATE (1983)

Abstract Die niederfrequenten Raman‐Spektren (0‐600 cm ‐1 ) von RbAlF 4 ‐ und NH 4 AlF 4 ‐Einkristallen in ihren verschiedenen Strukturmodifikationen werden zwischen 20 und 600 K untersucht.
Response to Kirkman and Juneja and Lorber (2001)

Drs. Kirkman and Juneja (1) are correct in pointing out the discrepancies between the text and the algorithm figures for post hyperglycemic crises management in our articles on hyperglycemic crises (2,3). We regret the confusion surrounding this issue and have corrected this omission in Figs. 1 and 2, as described below.

As stated in the text, as soon as the patient is able to tolerate fluids and/or meals, we recommend treatment with a multidose regimen of short- and intermediate/long–acting insulin after resolution of the hyperglycemic crisis. To maintain adequate plasma insulin levels and prevent recurrence of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and/or hyperglycemia, subcutaneous (SC) insulin should be given 1–2 h before the insulin infusion is discontinued.

After the resolution of DKA or hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS), some patients may be unable to take oral nourishment. While NPO (not eating), they should receive intravenous (IV) insulin infusion or be temporarily treated every 4 h with SC regular insulin based on blood glucose levels. SC regular insulin is given in 5-unit increments …
MODELING TOPOLOGICALLY CLOSE-PACKED PHASES IN SUPERALLOYS: VALENCE-DEPENDENT BOND-ORDER POTENTIALS BASED ON AB-INITIO CALCULATIONS (2008)

Refractory elements are used in Ni-based superalloys to increase creep resistance (Mo, Re, W) and to retard the coarsening of the ∞’ phase (Re). At high concentrations of refractory elements precipitation of topologically closepacked (tcp) phases [1] is detrimental to the creep properties of the alloys. A more detailed understanding of the formation kinetics and thermodynamic stability of tcp phases will therefore be beneficial for the design of the next generation superalloys. Atomistic modeling of tcp stability with interatomic potentials requires to go beyond the second-moment approximation to the electronic density of states by including up to at least the sixth moment [2]. We have developed an analytic bond-order potential (BOP) that systematically takes into account higher moment contributions to the density of states and depends explicitly on the valence of the transition-metal elements [3]. For the parameterization of the new BOP, we performed extensive density functional theory (DFT) calculations of elemental and binary compound phases of Ni, the technologically important alloying element Cr, and the refractory metals Mo, Re, and W. We will discuss the structural trends of the DFT calculations, compare to the predictions of the analytic BOP and report on our progress on the parameterization of the analytic BOP for the Re-W system. This work is part of the EPSRC-funded collaborative multi-scale project ’Alloys by Design’.
The YqfN protein of Bacillus subtilis is the tRNA: m 1 A22 methyltransferase (TrmK) (2008)

N(1)-methylation of adenosine to m(1)A occurs in several different positions in tRNAs from various organisms. A methyl group at position N(1) prevents Watson-Crick-type base pairing by adenosine and is therefore important for regulation of structure and stability of tRNA molecules. Thus far, only one family of genes encoding enzymes responsible for m(1)A methylation at position 58 has been identified, while other m(1)A methyltransferases (MTases) remain elusive. Here, we show that Bacillus subtilis open reading frame yqfN is necessary and sufficient for N(1)-adenosine methylation at position 22 of bacterial tRNA. Thus, we propose to rename YqfN as TrmK, according to the traditional nomenclature for bacterial tRNA MTases, or TrMet(m(1)A22) according to the nomenclature from the MODOMICS database of RNA modification enzymes. tRNAs purified from a DeltatrmK strain are a good substrate in vitro for the recombinant TrmK protein, which is sufficient for m(1)A methylation at position 22 as are tRNAs from Escherichia coli, which natively lacks m(1)A22. TrmK is conserved in Gram-positive bacteria and present in some Gram-negative bacteria, but its orthologs are apparently absent from archaea and eukaryota. Protein structure prediction indicates that the active site of TrmK does not resemble the active site of the m(1)A58 MTase TrmI, suggesting that these two enzymatic activities evolved independently.
Tellurium extrusion: a novel method for carbon–carbon bond formation (1974)

Pyrolysis of 9-tellurabicyclo[3,3,1]nona-2,6-diene (II) in [2H8]toluene at 175° leads to loss of elemental tellurium and quantitative formation of bicyclo-[5,1,0]octa-2,5-diene (III) which was also formed independently by the action of Te2– anion on the dibromide (I) during the preparation of (II).
Generic model of an atom laser (1998)

We present a generic model of an atom laser by including a pump and loss term in the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. We show that there exists a threshold for the pump above which the mean matter field assumes a nonvanishing value in the steady state. We study the transient regime of this atom laser, and find oscillations around the stationary solution even in the presence of a loss term. These oscillations are damped away when we introduce a position-dependent loss term. For this case we present a modified Thomas-Fermi solution that takes into account the pump and loss. Our generic model of an atom laser is analogous to the semiclassical theory of the laser.
A fast least-squares arrival time estimator for scintillation pulses (1994)

The true weighted least-squares (WLS) arrival time estimator for scintillation pulse detection was previously found to out-perform conventional arrival time estimators such as leading-edge and constant-fraction timers, but has limited applications because of its complexity. A new diagonalized version of the weighted least-squares (DWLS) estimator has been developed which, like the true WLS, incorporates the statistical properties of the scintillation detector. The new DWLS reduces estimator complexity at the expense of fundamental timing resolution. The advantage of the DWLS implementation is that only scalar multiplications and additions are needed instead of the matrix operations used in the true WLS. It also preserves the true WLS's ability to effectively separate piled-up pulses. The DWLS estimator has been applied to pulses which approximate the response of BGO and NaI(Tl) scintillation detectors. The timing resolution obtained with the DWLS estimator is then compared to conventional analog timers along with the Cramer-Rao lower bound on achievable timing error. The DWLS out-performs the conventional arrival time estimators but does not provide optimal performance compared to the lower bound; however, it is more robust than the true WLS estimator.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The collective Lamb shift in nuclear γ-ray superradiance (2010)

The electromagnetic transitions of Mössbauer nuclei provide ideal two-level systems to study the cooperative effects of X-rays with matter. Recently, we have observed the collective Lamb shift (CLS) in nuclear γ-ray superradiance [Röhlsberger, R.; Schlage, K.; Sahoo, B.; Couet, S.; Rüffer, R. Science 2010, 328, 1248–1251]. An ensemble of resonant 57Fe nuclei was embedded in the center of a planar cavity and was collectively excited by synchrotron radiation into a purely superradiant state. The decay of the superradiant state can be almost two orders of magnitude faster than the single-atom nuclear decay and can be accompanied by a CLS of more than 10 times the natural linewidth. Here we review the basic features of cooperative effects that occur in nuclear γ-ray superradiance in comparison with similar effects observed in the optical regime of the electromagnetic spectrum. We show that nuclear resonant scattering of synchrotron radiation opens new ways for systematic studies of cooperative effects in the interaction of X-rays with matter.
Fast multispectral liquid-crystal-on-silicon spatial light modulators (2006)

The stressed liquid-crystal (SLC) electro-optic effect promises fast electro-optic response times even for design wavelengths in the infrared (IR). Here we report characteristics of SLC devices appropriate for use as liquid-crystal-onsilicon (LCOS) spatial light modulators (SLMs) in the near ( λ = 1.8-2.5 μm), mid (3-5.5 μm) and far (8-14 μm) IR bands. For these three bands we fabricated SLC devices with 5, 10, and 20 μm thicknesses; at drive voltages of 25, 50, and 125 V respectively these devices gave half-wave modulation with response speeds in the 1.3-1.6 ms range. Visiblelight measurements on a 20-μm-thick SLC device between crossed polarizers gave a contrast ratio of 360:1 which improved to nearly 18,000:1 with a Babinet-Soleil compensator offsetting residual SLC retardance. Widely available high-voltage options in standard CMOS processes offer sufficient drive for near- and mid-IR SLCOS devices; with modest increase of SLC material birefringence Δn and dielectric anisotropy Δε far-IR devices would be feasible, too. Pixel drivers utilizing these options have pitches less than 24 μm, making 1000 ×1000 SLMs feasible.