gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IMMUNOLOGIC STUDIES OF AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE IN NZB/NZW F1 MICE (1969)

For the past 3 years NZB and NZW mice have been maintained by sister-brother matings from English breeder stock. NZB/NZW F(1) hybrids developed lupus-like nephritis during the 6th to 7th month and few survived beyond the 8th month. Renal tissues of these animals were examined with fluorescein-labeled antinucleoside sera, specific for thymine and cytosine, for the presence of denatured DNA in GCW, and with labeled antibody to mouse IgG for the presence of excess host globulin in the same areas. The following results have been obtained: (a) All 51 hybrids, over 5 months of age, had an excess of mouse globulin in GCW. 40 animals between the ages of 5 and 12 months showed, in the same areas, antigens which bound one or both of the antinucleoside antibodies. (b) Renal tissues of 19 NZB mice, 5-19 months old, and 27 NZW mice, 2-18 months old, were examined. Excess host globulin was seen in GCW of 13 NZB and 20 NZW animals. The tissues of only two old NZB mice, 14 months of age, bound antinucleoside antibody but none of the other animals did. The association of rapidly fatal lupus-like nephritis in NZB/NZW F(1) mice with denatured DNA and mouse globulin in GCW supports the hypothesis involving this antigen-antibody complex in the pathogenesis of the disease.
Low Temperature Growth of Polyclystalline Silicon Films by RF Sputtering Method (2nd Report) (1997)

Structure of polycrystalline silicon films was investigated by X-ray diffraction, reflection electron diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, electric-al and optical properties of the films were studied with the measurements of IR absorption, optical absorption, electron spin resonance and electrical conductivity. The films were prepared by rf planar magnetron sputtering, in which process atomic hydrogen radicals were utilized in order to make the polycrystalline silicon films on the substrate at low temperature. It was shown from X-ray diffraction, reflection electron diffraction and transmission electron microscopy that most of crystal silicon grains grew with a [100] texture, and that the grain sizes were 10 - 20nm. The results obtained from IR absorption and optical absorption measurements were as follows; hydrogen content decreased with the increase of hydrogen partial pressure (PH2) in the range of 2 ≤ PH2 ≤ 7mTorr, which was caused by the formation of Si Si bonds, and in the range of 7 ≤ PH2 ≤ 12mTorr, however, hydrogen content increased gradually with PH2, which suggested that dangling bonds in the silicon films were more terminated in the higher hydrogen partial pressure. These facts were also explained by the electrical conductivity measurement, and it was found that the polycrystalline silicon film prepared under the highest hydrogen partial pressure had the lowest hopping site density in the films observed in this work.
Aetiology of reactive arthritis in hospital patients in Finland (1983)

All patients treated in 1978-1982 for the first time as in-patients at our hospital for arthritis following a gastrointestinal or an urogenital infection were reviewed. Of 216 patients initially diagnosed as either enteroarthritis or uroarthritis, 74 were retrospectively disqualified, chiefly because of insufficient documentation of the preceding infection. The remaining 142 patients equaled 3 % of all new in-patients treated in the hospital in that period; 59 of them had enteroarthritis and 83 had uroarthritis.In the enteroarthritis group, a microbiological diagnosis could be established by culture or serology in 65 % of the patients, Yersinia and Salmonella being by far the most important aetio-logical agents. In the uroarthritis group, chlamydia culture results were unavailable, but chlamydia antibodies, often in high titre, were found in 83 % of the patients. Whether the specific microbe, or the nature of the triggering infection, influence the prognosis of the ensuing joint disease remains to be determined.
Optical WDM transceiver module using wavelength-selective coupler and WDM-PD for optical access networks (2002)

We have proposed a new WDM-transceiver module using a wavelength-selective coupler and a 1.3 /spl mu/m InGaAs WDM p-i-n photodiode and InGaAsP MQW laser diode in order to reduce component number and module size. In this report, we confirmed the fundamental operation of this module assembled with pigtailed components. Evaluation results imply that this WDM transceiver module is promising for application to an optical WDM transceiver/receiver.
Porphyrin-adsorbed Allograft Bone: A Photoactive, Antibiofilm Surface (2015)

The findings of this in vitro study suggest that loading bone allograft with biocompatible porphyrins before surgery might allow increased sterility of the allograft during implantation. Future testing in an animal model will determine if these in vitro activities can be used to prevent allograft-based infection in an establishing osteomyelitis.
Photooxygenation in polymer matrices: En route to highly active antimalarial peroxides (2005)

Abstract Photooxygenation involving the first excited singlet state of molecular oxygen is a versatile method for the generation of a multitude of oxy-functionalized target molecules often with high regio- and stereoselectivities. The efficiency of singlet-oxygen reactions is largely dependent on the nonradiative deactivation paths, mainly induced by the solvent and the substrate intrinsically. The intrinsic (physical) quenching properties as well as the selectivity-determining factors of the (chemical) quenching can be modified by adjusting the microenvironment of the reactive substrate. Tetraarylporphyrins or protoporphyrin IX were embedded in polystyrene (PS) beads and in polymer films or covalently linked into PS during emulsion polymerization. These polymer matrices are suitable for a broad variety of (solvent-free) photooxygenation reactions. One specific example discussed in detail is the ene reaction of singlet oxygen with chiral allylic alcohols yielding unsaturated β-hydroperoxy alcohols in ( threo ) diastereoselectivities, which depended on the polarity and hydrogen-bonding capacity of the polymer matrix. These products were applied for the synthesis of mono- and spirobicyclic 1,2,4-trioxanes, molecules that showed moderate to high antimalarial properties. Subsequent structure optimization resulted in in vitro activities that surpassed that of the naturally occurring sesquiterpene-peroxide artemisinin .
Ordered Supramolecular Porphyrin Arrays from a Building Block Approach Utilizing Pyridylporphyrins and Peripheral Ruthenium Complexes and Identification of a New Type of Mixed-Metal Building Block (1997)

Supramolecular ruthenium complexes (Ru−PyPs) with 4-pyridyl/phenyl porphyrins (PyPs) have been designed and characterized spectroscopically. Ruthenium−dimethyl sulfoxide (Me2SO) complexes and their carbonyl derivatives were used as precursors to synthesize adducts with Ru:PyP ratios of 1:1 and 1:2 (monomers), 2:1 (dimers), and 4:1 (tetramers). For example, treatment of mono-(pyridyl)porphyrin MPyP (5-(4-pyridyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin) with cis,fac-RuCl2(Me2SO)3(CO) yielded the 1:1 monomer cis,cis,cis-RuCl2(Me2SO)2(CO)(MPyP), while reaction with trans-RuCl2(Me2SO)4 or trans,cis,cis-RuCl2(CO)2(Me2SO)2 (2:1 ratio) gave the 1:2 monomers trans,cis,cis-RuCl2(Me2SO)2(MPyP)2 and trans,cis,cis-RuCl2(CO)2(MPyP)2, respectively. Synthesis of the dimers, (cis-DPyP)[cis,cis,cis-RuCl2(Me2SO)2(CO)]2 and (trans-DPyP)[cis,cis,cis-RuCl2(Me2SO)2(CO)]2, was accomplished by reaction of the bis-(pyridyl)porphyrins, cis-DPyP (5,10-bis(4-pyridyl)-15,20-diphenylporphyrin) and trans-DPyP (5,15-bis(4-pyridyl)-10,20-diphenylporphyrin), respectively, with an excess of cis,fac-RuCl2(Me2SO)3(CO). Similarly, treatment of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-pyridyl)porphyrin (TPyP) with an excess of cis,fac-RuCl2(Me2SO)3(CO) yielded the symmetric tetramer, (TPyP)[cis,cis,cis-RuCl2(Me2SO)2(CO)]4. 1H NMR spectroscopy proved particularly useful for characterizing the Ru−PyPs. Coordination of Ru to the 4-pyridyl groups affected mainly the resonances of the pyridyl ring(s) of the PyPs, causing downfield shifts (H2,6 signals from 0.3 to 0.9 ppm; H3,5 from 0.03 to 0.18 ppm). The pyrrole proton resonances were particularly informative about the geometry of the porphyrin. Treatment of selected Ru−PyP adducts with an excess of zinc acetate produced the corresponding zinc compounds, Ru−Zn·PyPs, in good yield. Most of the Ru−PyPs and Ru−Zn·PyPs are quite soluble in organic solvents like CHCl3 and very robust in solution, where they remain intact for weeks. 1H NMR and electronic absorption spectra provided evidence that only the Ru−Zn·PyPs with residual Me2SO units self-assemble spontaneously in solution. The observations are consistent with a self-assembly mode process occuring between the oxygen atom of a Me2SO ligand of one molecule and the zinc of another molecule.
Modulation of Adenylate Energy Charge During the Swarmer Cycle of <i>Hyphomicrobium neptunium</i> (1983)

Adenylate energy charge was measured in the budding bacterium Hyphomicrobium neptunium through the course of the swarmer cycle. The energy charge was modulated, being low in swarm cells (0.64) and in cells initiating bud formation (0.57), an event which coincides with a round of DNA replication.
Numerical Studies of Multichannel Variational Synthesis (1966)

Selengut observed that, by applying an appropriate variational principle to an equivalent system of first-order differential equations rather than to one higher order equation, one eliminates the restriction of the latter to continuous trial functions. This approach is particularly suited for nodal representations. Results of the new method, discussed in this paper for a set of Sturm-Liouville problems, indicate a significant improvement over more conventional variational schemes.
Patient Satisfaction with Orthodontic Treatment Received in Public and Private Hospitals in Dammam, Saudi Arabia (2018)

The doctor-patient relationship was the most important factor in satisfaction with orthodontic treatment. Overall, patients treated in public hospitals were more satisfied with orthodontic treatment than those in private hospitals.
Adaptive Response Surface Method for Thermal Optimization: Application to Aircraft Engine Cooling System (2002)

In this paper, an optimization technique based on the Adaptive Response Surface Method (ARSM) is combined with a finite element solution of heat conduction to investigate an aircraft engine cooling problem. The overall purpose of this optimization is to improve the thermal effectiveness of an aircraft deicing strategy. The finite element procedure uses a two-dimensional discretization of an engine intake surface with quadrilateral, isoparametric elements. Based on a comparison between the ARSM predicted results and the plotted objective function, it is observed that the combined techniques provide an effective method for thermal optimization.
New routes for copolymerization of carbon monoxide with styrene or vinyl chloride and photodegradation of these copolymers in solutions (1974)

Abstract New routes for copolymerization of carbon monoxide with styrene or vinyl chloride were found by emulsion polymerization (nonionic or ionic emulsifier). These procedures yielded copolymers containing carbonyl groups even at high conversion. These carbonyl‐containing polyketones were photoirradiated in solvent. In carbon monoxide—styrene copolymer of high molecular weight, the viscosity change produced by photoirradiation was especially remarkable, while in carbon monoxide—vinyl chloride copolymer no pronounced change in viscosity was observed, even at high contents of carbonyl group.
Microbial degradation of stressed reinforced polymeric composites (1995)

Reduction of tensile strength was demonstrated for carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite strips after exposure to sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in batch culture. Composite strips were maintained in a stressed condition in 3- and 4-point bend fixtures before and during exposure. Exposed surfaces were examined microscopically for bacterial colonization, fiber disruption and disbanding. Mechanical testing and acoustic emission (AE) examinations were used to evaluate degradation of tensile strength.
Probing Nanoscale Pentacene Films by Resonant Raman Scattering (2005)

Resonant enhancements of Raman scattering intensities offer the sensitivity required to study nanoscale pentacene films that reach into monolayer thickness. In the results reported here structural characterization of ultra‐thin layers and of their fundamental optical properties are investigated by resonant Raman scattering from intra‐molecular and inter‐molecular vibrations. In this work Raman methods emerge as ideal tools for the study of physics and characterization of ultra‐thin nanoscale films of molecular organic materials fabricated on diverse substrates of current and future devices.
Expression of Bax and Bcl2 proteins in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) (2007)

18189 Background: Bax and Bcl2 proteins are members of Bcl-2 family which plays a critical role in the regulation of apoptosis. There are few data on the occurrence and clinical relevance of these proteins in SCLC. Methods: We have analyzed expression of Bax and Bcl2 in 86 SCLC patients. All patients had limited disease and were treated with surgery followed by chemotherapy between 1982 and 2001 (median follow up 2 years). In all cases the diagnosis of SCLC was established only after the examination of surgical specimen. This series included 59 males and 22 females, 11 T1, 46 T2, 13 T3 and 11 T4 tumors, 41 N0, 15 N1, 24 N2 and 1 N3. Expression of both proteins was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and scored, taking into account proportion of cells with positive staining and staining intensity. H-score was calculated as a proportion of positive cells times staining intensity. Continues data on H-score were used to assess relationships with clinical data. Results: Median H-scores for Bax and Bcl2 were 70 (range 0–300) and 90 (range 0–300) respectively. The positive immunostaining rates (cut-off point of 10%) for Bax and Bcl-2 in the entire group were 81% and 79% respectively. Bax and Bcl-2 expression did not correlate with any clinicopathological parameters such as age, tumor size, lymph node involvement and stage of the disease. Survival was not influenced by expression of Bax (p=0.6) or Bcl2 (p=0.86). There was a significant positive correlation between Bax and Bcl2 expression rates (p=0.018, regression coefficient 0.23). Conclusions: Bax an Bcl2 proteins are commonly overexpressed in SCLC, with tendency for co-expression. Clinical relevance of these markers is questionable in this patient cohort. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Transport of protein kinase C isoforms to the nucleus of PC12 cells by nerve growth factor: Association of atypical ?-PKC with the nuclear matrix (1997)

In an effort to understand the role of protein kinase C (PKC) in nerve growth factor-induced differentiation, we studied the expression of PKC using isoform-specific antibodies. Western blot analysis on whole cell lysates showed that alpha,beta,gamma,epsilon,zeta, iota/lambda and mu were expressed in PC12 cells, except for theta which was absent. In nuclei obtained from control PC12 cells, small amounts of delta, epsilon, iota/lambda and zeta were detected. A computer-assisted search algorithm was used to search for the presence of bipartite nuclear targeting motifs. In classical PKC isoforms alpha,beta,gamma, two bipartite motifs were present, while atypical iota/lambda and zeta-PKC displayed one motif, whereas novel PKC isoforms did not exhibit any bipartite motif structure. Treatment of cells with differentiating doses of nerve growth factor (NGF) resulted in changes of differential magnitude for all of the nuclear PKC isoforms in response to NGF. However, little change in gamma-PKC was observed in response to NGF. This analysis indicated that other factors may contribute to transport of PKC into the nucleus, in addition to the bipartite motif itself. Atypical zeta-PKC is required for NGF-induced neurite outgrowth of PC12 cells (Coleman and Wooten: J Mol Neurosci 5:39-57, 1994). Increases in nuclear zeta-PKC were NGF dose-dependant with a concomitant decrease in cytoplasmic immunoreactivity. The localization of zeta-PKC was investigated by means of immunoelectron microscopy which revealed the localization of this isoform within the inner nuclear matrix bound to chromatin. Taken together, these findings suggest that zeta-PKC may be involved in the regulation of nuclear processes.
Neuropsychological Profiles of Three Cases of X-linked Adrenoleukodystrophy (2004)

Objective: X-linked Adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is a metabolic disease characterized by accumulation of very long chain fatty acid (VLCFA) in the body and associated with demyelination. The childhood cerebral form of X-ALD (CCALD) has onset during the first decade of life. Disease progression is rapid and terminates in vegetative state or death. Dietary restriction plus Lorenzo's oil and bone marrow transplantation are potential treatments for CCALD. We describe the neuropsychological profiles of three children with CCALD. Method: Three cases at different degree of disease progression were recruited from the National Taiwan University Hospital. Results: The first case was asymptomatic but manifested subtle deficits in frontal functioning. The second case presented with impaired auditory perception, spatial deficit and related involvement of motor and visual skills, but with relatively intact verbal abilities. The third case presented with significant visuospatial, sensorimotor, and abstract reasoning deficits, but with relatively intact reading. Conclusion: From clinical information, it is suspected that the rate of disease progression increased once visual processing deficits appear. However, this needs to be ascertained with longitudinal neuropsychological data documenting disease development. Neuropsychological evaluation plays an important role in the decision to pursue bone marrow transplantation. Psychological intervention should focus on supporting the family in dealing with this devastating disease.
Comparison of White- And Orange-Spored <i>Peridermium Harknessii</i> in Native North Dakota Pinus Ponderosa (1991)

Galls typical of Peridermium harknessii but with white aeciospores were found on native Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum in North Dakota in the same habitat as galls with orange spores. Size and germination characteristics of white and orange spores were similar. Seedling inoculations with white or orange spores and observation of infected trees revealed similar symptom development and virulence levels. Characteristics of cultured isolates derived from white- or orange-spored galls were similar except for color. Isozyme phenotypes of white-spored samples were not significantly different from those of orange-spored samples. These observations indicate that white and orange spore colors are apparently not associated with other measured traits and that the white-spored and orange-spored galls in this stand are phenotypic variants of the pathogen known as P. harknessii.
Myasthenia gravis: demonstration of membrane attack complex in muscle end-plates. (1986)

The membrane attack complex (MAC) assembles from C5b-9 complement components and has neoantigenic properties. Antihuman-MAC rabbit immunserum was applied in order to localize the MAC in myasthenic muscles. Using the indirect immunoperoxidase method MAC was demonstrated at the motor end-plates in eleven myasthenic patients who underwent thymectomy. This result provides direct evidence of antibody-dependent complement-mediated injury of acetylcholine receptors in myasthenia gravis.
Compact rat-race hybrid coupler using meander space-filling curves (2006)

A new family of compact rat-race hybrid couplers is proposed. The novelty of the new structures stems from the idea of utilizing the vacant space inside the conventional rat-race coupler in increasing the rat-race ring path. The couplers have been designed to operate at 1.8 GHz. The size of the new structures is 70% less than conventional rat-race hybrid coupler at the same center frequency. The measurements are in good agreement with the designed values. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 606–609, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21421
Low-noise optimisation of current-mode, common-gate transimpedance optical preamplifiers (1992)

The most significant figure of merit of a transimpedance preamplifiers in fibre-optics systems is the sensitivity which is determined by the equivalent input noise current of the preamplifier. The FET input-stage preamplifier may be designed for optimum sensitivity by choosing a proper FET size for a given photodiode capacitance. The optimum FET size for a current-mode common-gate transimpedance preamplifier is described. >
Amending the National Practitioner Data Bank reporting requirements: are small claims predictive of large claims? (1993)

This study addresses whether a physician incurring small malpractice claims is predictive of large claims. This is one consideration behind reevaluating whether all claims that result in an indemnity payment should continue to be reported to the National Practitioner Data Bank, or whether claims with payments below some "floor" should be excluded. Using a claims database from 3,098 physicians for 1977-1986, both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses show that an individual having a small claim (under $30,000) is indicative of a propensity to incur large claims. This finding is robust to the cutpoint between large and small claims.
Anthropometric Specifications, Development, and Evaluation of EvaRID—A 50th Percentile Female Rear Impact Finite Element Dummy Model (2014)

The EvaRID dummy model demonstrated the potential of becoming a valuable tool when evaluating and developing seats and whiplash protection systems. However, updates of the joint stiffness will be required to provide better correlation at lower load levels. Moreover, the seated posture, curvature of the spine, and head position of 50th percentile female occupants needs to be established and implemented in future models.
Amino Acid Sequence around Disulfide Bridge of Pig Immunoglobin λ‐Chains (1968)

The λ‐chains of normal pig γG‐immunoglobulin were digested with pepsin in 1 M formic acid. Cystine‐containing peptides were isolated by gel filtration on Sephadex G‐25 and by chromatography on Dowex 50 and Dowex 1. The following structures were found: image In addition to these peptides obtained in a high yield similar peptides were found but their complete structures were not determined in view of their low yield. The structures found in the λ‐chains display a high degree of similarity with corresponding structures known to exist in human Bence‐Jones proteins of the l ‐type.
Tunable Second Harmonic Generation of a Continuous-wave CO2 Laser Using 3 mm Thick Orientation Patterned GaAs Crystals in Fan-out and Single-grating-period Configurations (2015)

We report room temperature frequency doubling of a continuous-wave carbon dioxide laser tuned from 9.26 to 10.65 micrometers using large-aperture OPGaAs crystals (>3 mm thick by >7.5 mm wide) in fan-out and single grating configurations.