gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Internet solicitation of research subjects for genetic studies. (1995)

Communication through electronic messages on the Internet has become a rapid and effective method for exchanging ideas and information in many disciplines. The Human Molecular Genetics network Diagnostics and Clinical Research Section (hum-molgen@nic.surfnet.nl) is now serving this function for the field of human molecular genetics. Our attention was drawn to the power and the pitfalls of this information exchange when we read a solicitation for research subjects by a Canadian medical student. The student was initiating a summer research project on an inherited disorder and requested information to determine the frequency of the disorder and to collect blood samples of affected patients. The student also requested samples of stored blood or DNA of affected persons. On other occasions, the hum-mol-gen service has also been used by clinicians to announce the availability of patients with a particular disorder (or their blood samples) who are interested in participating in research projects. Such uses of the Internet can serve to facilitate communication between researchers and clinicians and enhance clinical research. We believe, however, that some guidelines are necessary to protect human subjects. Investigators in the United States who are subject to U.S. Federal Government human subjects research regulations, or who are attached tomore » an institution conducting such research, should consider some important issues before placing or responding to a request on the Internet. 1 ref.« less
The National Basketball Association Eye Injury Study (1995)

The incidence of eye injuries in NBA players during the 17-month period was 1.44 per 1000 game exposures. Frequent physical contact in professional basketball players leaves them at great risk for sustaining eye injuries. To prevent these injuries, protective eyewear is recommended.
Evaluation of forest thinning materials for TMP production (2005)

We used SilviScan analysis and tracheid measurement to evaluate the effect of suppressed growth on the fundamental properties of wood fiber. Suppressed growth reduced cell tracheid length, but the high content of mature wood may translate into longer fibers overall. In pilot-scale refining experiments, blending 25% chips from small-diameter trees (SMD) with 75% mill wood chips produced slightly better quality pulp compared with pulp from a control mill wood chip sample. The pulp from the SMD mix had slightly lower shives and fines content than that of the control pulp. Handsheets from the SMD mix pulp had improved tensile strength and optical properties compared with the control. We conclude that suppressed growth trees are superior to normal growth trees for thermomechanical pulp production because of uniformity in cell geometry, thin cell walls, and higher content of mature wood. Moreover, the thin cell walls of suppressed growth trees may require less refining intensity or energy to produce good quality pulp. Application: The results of this study may help mills improve pulp production through better use of potentially neglected fiber resources.
Gapless helical superconductivity on the surface of a 3D topological insulator (2016)

Recent angle-resolved photoemission experiments have observed a proximity-induced superconducting gap in the helical surface states of a thin film of the 3D topological insulator Bi$_2$Se$_3$ grown on a superconducting NbSe$_2$ substrate. The superconducting coherence peaks in the electronic density of states are strongly suppressed when the topological insulator is doped with magnetic Mn impurities, which was interpreted as the complete destruction of helical superconductivity in the topological surface states. Motivated by these experiments, we explore a different possibility: gapless helical superconductivity, where a gapless electronic density of states coexists with a nonzero helical superconducting order parameter. We study a model of superconducting Dirac fermions coupled to random magnetic impurities within the Abrikosov-Gor'kov framework, and find finite regions of gapless helical superconductivity in the phase diagram of the system for both proximity-induced and intrinsic superconductivity. For the latter, we derive universal rates of supression of the superconducting transition temperature due to magnetic scattering and, for a Fermi level at the Dirac point, a universal rate of increase of the quantum critical attraction strength.
Etude des proprietes magnetiques et electriques des oxydes de manganese a valence mixte (1998)

Le compose lamno#3 est un isolant antiferromagnetique (af) de type perovskite. La valence du manganese y est 3+. En remplacant des ions la#3#+ par des ions divalents (sr#2#+, ca#2#+), on cree des ions mn#4#+. L'etat de valence mixte du manganese induit un comportement ferromagnetique et une conduction electronique. Depuis la mise en evidence d'une magnetoresistance colossale dans ces composes dopes, le sujet connait un vif renouveau. Cette these porte sur l'etude des proprietes d'echantillons monocristallins massifs par des mesures d'aimantation, de magneto-transport et de rmn. La transition d'un monocristal de lamno#3 a l'etat af a ete observee finement (t#n = 139. 4k). Les courbes d'aimantation en fonction du champ magnetique revelent une forte anisotropie : direction des sous-aimantations suivant b et un moment ferromagnetique faible suivant c. Les valeurs des constantes d'interaction j#a#f entre plans (a,b) et j#f (dans les plans) ont ete determinees. Le systeme la#1##xsr#xmno#3 a ete caracterise. Un diagramme de phase en fonction du taux de dopage en sr a ete etabli, confirmant la correlation entres proprietes magnetiques, proprietes de transport et comportement microscopique des ions manganese. Une etude originale a ete menee sur l'influence de la teneur en oxygene sur les proprietes physiques d'un monocristal de la#0#. #8#5sr#0#. #1#5mno#3##. Elle montre que la variation de la stchiometrie en oxygene est parfaitement reversible et qu'une moindre distorsion cristalline augmente l'integrale de double-echange et la temperature de curie, et diminue la resistivite. Les composes pr#1##xca#xmno#3 (x = 0. 33 et 0. 4) presentent a basse temperature un etat isolant af d'ordre de charges (co. I). Un champ magnetique applique induit un etat ferromagnetique metallique (f. M). La transition co. I-f. M est du premier ordre. L'etude de la relaxation temporelle de la resistivite a la transition f. Mco. I a permis d'estimer la hauteur de barriere separant ces deux phases.
Diagnosis system for the caisson breakwater applied FM-CW GPR (2007)

港湾施設を高波などから守る防波堤は，我が国ではケーソン式が多く用いられている。ケーソン式防波堤は，長年の波浪により損傷を受けることがある。その場合，ケーソン内部の中詰砂が流出し，その結果ケーソン内部に空洞が発生する。通常，ケーソン内部の空洞を確認するには目視調査や測量調査などにより防波堤表面の状態や形状の変化などを観察し，その後ボーリング調査を行って，内部に防水カメラなどを挿入して行う。しかし，この方法は非効率的で，調査費用も嵩む。 一方，地下やコンクリート構造物の背面の空洞調査には地中レーダが用いられている。しかし，パルス波方式の地中レーダ探査は，コンクリート背面の空洞探査に対しては1m程度までの深さしか探査できない。 筆者らは，コンクリートの厚さが数mの防波堤内部の空洞の有無とある程度の厚さを推定するためにFM-CW方式の地中レーダ探査装置を製作し，ケーソン内部の診断システムを開発した。空洞の有無の判定には，技術者による個人差をなくすために自動診断プログラムを開発した。 この自動診断プログラムには，コンクリートの比誘電率が必要である。そのため，コンクリートコア試料を採取して，製作した装置と同じ周波数帯域で電気特性（比誘電率及び導電率）の測定を行った。 測定した電気特性の値を用いて防波堤内部の電磁波伝搬の数値計算を行い，自動診断プログラムの判定基準を検討した。この自動診断プログラムにより，現地で直ちに結果が得られるようになった。 本稿では，開発した診断システムの技術的な特徴を示し，新潟東港及び金沢港で得られた成果について報告する。
A plasmid DNA vaccine encoding prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) elicits antigen-specific T cells in patients with stage D0 prostate cancer (2006)

14570 Background: Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) is a tumor antigen in prostate cancer. Clinical trials conducted in patients with metastatic prostate cancer targeting PAP by means of antigen presenting-cell vaccines have suggested clinical benefit in terms of disease progression and overall survival. Ultimately, tumor vaccines may be most effective in the setting of minimal residual disease. We have been investigating plasmid DNA vaccines encoding PAP in rodent models. We found these to be safe and effective in eliciting PAP-specific CD8 T cells and saw evidence of anti-tumor efficacy. We report here the initial immunological results from a dose-escalation portion of a phase I trial testing a DNA vaccine encoding PAP in patients with minimal residual stage D0 prostate cancer. Methods: Patients with clinical stage D0 prostate cancer with rising PSA were vaccinated over a 12-week period, 6 times at 14-day intervals, with a plasmid DNA vaccine encoding PAP (pTVG-HP). Vaccinations were administered intradermally with 100 mcg, 500 mcg, or 1500 mcg doses, and with 200 mcg of GM-CSF co-administered as a vaccine adjuvant. Immunological responses were evaluated by antigen-specific T cell proliferation and IFNγ secretion, and by ELISA for PAP-specific IgG. Results: At present 9 patients have been enrolled in a dose-escalation portion of the trial, and 6 have completed all immunizations. No serious adverse events have been observed, and no patients have discontinued treatment. To date, immunological analysis has been performed for the first, lowest dose cohort. PAP-specific CD4 and CD8 T cell responses, measured by antigen-specific T cell proliferation, were elicited following immunization in 2 of 3 patients. PAP-specific IgG antibodies were not detectable in these patients following vaccination. Conclusions: Intradermal immunization of patients with stage D0 prostate cancer with pTVG-HP has been without evidence of adverse events in doses up to 500 mcg. CD4 and CD8 T cell responses have been observed, consistent with a predominantly cellular immune response, at even the lowest dose of vaccine. Immunological analysis will be performed for patients completing the other dose levels, and all patients will be followed for changes in serum PSA levels. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Orientierungsunordnung in den chlorsubstituierten Pivalinsäure- (CH3)3-x(CH2Cl)xCCOOH und Neopentanderivaten (CH3)4-yC(CH2Cl)y (2001)

Ordnungs-Unordnungsübergänge in festen Phasen sind seit langem bekannt und treten sowohl in organischen, aber auch anorganischen Molekülkristallen auf. Bekannteste Vertreter sind z.B. Adamantan, Neopentan und Phosphor (P4). Diese Verbindungen zeichnen sich durch ihre pseudosphärische Molekülform aus; van der Waals Wechselwirkungen sind die einzigen intermolekularen Kräfte. Die Ausbildung des orientierungs-ungeordneten kristallinen Zustandes, auch ODIC Phase (orientationally disordered crystalline phase), ist beim Übergang vom flüssigen Zustand nur mit einer geringen Entropieänderung verbunden. Der geringe Ordnungszustand charakterisiert diese feste Phase durch eine große Orientierungsfehlordnung. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wird durch Modellierung der Bausteine und Einführung von geeigneten Substituenten der Einfluss auf die Bildung einer ODIC Phase untersucht. Hierbei ist der Einfluss auf die Übergangsenthalpien und –entropien, die Anzahl der fehlgeordneten kristallinen Phasen im Gegensatz zur Stammverbindung ebenso wie die strukturelle Charakterisierung und mögliche Isostrukturen von Interesse. Wie sind die strukturellen Beziehungen der einzelnen Phasen zueinander? Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass durch den Einbau der Chloratome die Symmetrie des Stammmoleküls drastisch erniedrigt wird und dadurch ein Wechselspiel zwischen sterischen Effekten und Symmetrie entsteht. Der zuvor gering eingeschätzte Einfluss der intermolekularen Chlor-Chlor-Wechselwirkungen musste revidiert werden. Es zeigte sich, dass nicht nur intramolekulare Einflüsse eine entscheidende Rolle spielen. In der Ausbildung des dreidimensionalen Verbands dürfen die intermolekularen Wechselwirkungen nicht unberücksichtigt bleiben, sondern bilden ein entscheidendes Charakteristikum. In dieser Arbeit konnte gezeigt werden, dass gerade bei orientierungs-ungeordneten Phasen die Symmetrie der zu betrachtenden Verbindungen einen ebenfalls nicht zu vernächlässsigenden Einfluss auf orientierungs-ungeordnete Phasen hat. In Bezug auf chlorsubstituierte Verbindungen müssen neben sterischen Effekten, der Masse des Chloratoms und der Änderungen der sphärischen Ausdehnung auch weitere Parameter in Betracht gezogen werden.
Hysteroscopy for gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT). (1991)

Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) is performed currently using laparoscopy. We report on a pilot-study from 1.1.1987 to 31.12.1987 and from 1.5.1988 to 30.4.1989, in which we used hysteroscopy instead of laparoscopy for the GIFT-procedure. The entering conditions were: unexplained (idiopathic) infertility, failure of previous treatments, proven fertilization capability of the gametes in at least one IVF attempt, and request of the married couple to dispense with laparoscopy during GIFT procedure. Hysteroscopic GIFT was initially performed on hysterectomy specimens, using the Chorionoskop. Continuous flow CO2 through the fallopian tubes did not result in loss of gametes. Twenty-four treatment cycles were performed in 16 patients. In 19 cycles, gametes were transferred into one tube, and in two cycles they were transferred into both tubes. Four of 16 women conceived: one patient delivered at term, three pregnancies ended in a first trimester abortion. These results demonstrate that the hysteroscopic approach to intrafallopian gamete transfer can be successful. However, the technique is demanding and requires extensive training. We conclude that further improvements of hysteroscopic GIFT are needed.
Subsurface Contamination Focus Area technical requirements. Volume 1: Requirements summary (1996)

This document summarizes functions and requirements for remediation of source term and plume sites identified by the Subsurface Contamination Focus Area. Included are detailed requirements and supporting information for source term and plume containment, stabilization, retrieval, and selective retrieval remedial activities. This information will be useful both to the decision-makers within the Subsurface Contamination Focus Area (SCFA) and to the technology providers who are developing and demonstrating technologies and systems. Requirements are often expressed as graphs or charts, which reflect the site-specific nature of the functions that must be performed. Many of the tradeoff studies associated with cost savings are identified in the text.
Abstract 12540: Prognostic Significance and Determinants of the 6-Minute Walk Test in Patients With Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction (2014)

Introduction: Symptoms of exertional fatigue and dyspnea, as well as a reduced exercise tolerance are cardinal features of pulmonary hypertension (PH) associated with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The aim of the present study was to define the prognostic significance and clinical determinants of the six-minute walking distance (6-MWD) in affected patients. Methods: Consecutive patients with a definite diagnosis of PH-HFpEF, as confirmed by right heart catheter, were enrolled in our prospective, observational registry. Hospitalization for HF and/or death for cardiac reason were defined as the primary study endpoint. To establish determinants of the 6-MWD, 4 separate multiple regression models were constructed for TTE, hemodynamic, laboratory and pulmonary parameters. For quantification of left ventricular (LV) extracellular matrix (ECM) using the TissueFAXS software, myocardial biopsies were taken from 18 patients. Results: Between December 2010 and July 2013, 142 PH-HFpEF patients (99 f/43 m, mean age 71±9 years) were included to the study. After a mean follow-up of 14.0±10.0 months (range 0.5-34.0 months), 43 patients (30.3%) reached the combined endpoint. Patients in the adverse outcome group had a significantly shorter 6-MWD (246.8±115.6m vs. 345±110.2m, P Conclusion: The limited exercise capacity in PH-HFpEF patients can be explained by a variety of cardiac and non-cardiac factors that contribute to increased ECM deposition in the LV and consecutive hemodynamic alterations.
Telomerase activity in ‘immortal’ fish<sup>1</sup> (1998)

Eukaryotic chromosome termini consist of telomeres, short sequence repeats. According to the telomere hypothesis, DNA replication leads to telomere shortening, resulting in a cellular mitotic clock. Telomerase resets it by telomere synthesis. In mammals with a limited growth phase, telomerase activity in somatic tissues is restricted to stem cell derivatives with high proliferation potential. But other animals, like some fish, grow throughout their life with little senescence. All somatic cells require a high proliferation capacity and telomerase should be active in all cells, irrespective of fish age. Indeed, we detected high telomerase activities in all analyzed organs of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).
Ca2+-mediated association of glycoprotein G (thrombinsensitive protein, thrombospondin) with human platelets. (1980)

Washed human platelets suspended in buffers containing either 1.8 mM Ca2+ and 0.49 mM Mg2+ or 1 mM EDTA were treated with human alpha-thrombin to induce secretion. Glycoprotein G, a major glycoprotein in alpha-granules, was quantitatively secreted from platelets activated in the EDTA-containing buffer but remained with the platelet in the presence of Ca2+ and Mg2+. Addition of Ca2+ to the platelets that were activated in the presence of EDTA caused glycoprotein G to bind to platelets. To determine if glycoprotein G is expressed on the membrane surface of the activated platelet, platelets were rapidly labeled by a method employing lactoperoxidase-catalyzed iodination. Although glycoprotein G was barely detected on the surface of unstimulated platelets, labveling 1 min after thrombin treatment showed that glycoprotein G rapidly became one of the prominent surface proteins. These findings show that an alpha-granule protein, glycoprotein G, is one of the major glycoproteins on the membrane surface of thrombin-activated platelets and that its binding is dependent on divalent cations.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry of o‐Carboranyl Derivatives (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
DOE-HEP Final Report for 2013-2016: Studies of plasma wakefields for high repetition-rate plasma collider, and Theoretical study of laser-plasma proton and ion acceleration (2016)

There were two goals for this funded project: 1. Studies of plasma wakefields for high repetition-rate plasma collider, and 2. Theoretical study of laser-plasma proton and ion acceleration. For goal 1, an analytical model was developed to determine the ion-motion resulting from the interaction of non-linear “blow-out” wakefields excited by beam-plasma and laser-plasma interactions. This is key to understanding the state of the plasma at timescales of 1 picosecond to a few 10s of picoseconds behind the driver-energy pulse. More information can be found in the document. For goal 2, we analytically and computationally analyzed the longitudinal instabilities of the laser-plasma interactions at the critical layer. Specifically, the process of “Doppler-shifted Ponderomotive bunching” is significant to eliminate the very high-energy spread and understand the importance of chirping the laser pulse frequency. We intend to publish the results of the mixing process in 2-D. We intend to publish Chirp-induced transparency. More information can be found in the document.
Ultrastructural study of internalization and recycling of antigen by antigen presenting cells. (1988)

The evidence which suggests that a helper T (Th) cell recognizes a processed form of a soluble protein antigen in association with a class II MHC antigen on the surface of an antigen presenting cell (APC) has raised many questions and much controversy. A major question that remains unanswered is what is the cellular site(s) and mechanism(s) in which such an antigen is handled by an APC. The controversy relates to the issue of whether a protein antigen is required to be processed by an APC before it is presented to a Th cell. A currently favored hypothesis of antigen presentation, which stems mainly from analyses of T cell reactivity to peptides of protein antigens, is that such antigens are internalized by an APC, processed intracellularly, recycled to the cell surface and then presented to Th cells. As a first test of this hypothesis, we reasoned that although it is currently difficult to study the biochemistry of antigen processing, it is possible to study whether a protein antigen is internalized by an APC and recycled to its surface. In this report, colloidal gold conjugates of pork insulin (PI-Au), a tryptic peptide of pork insulin lacking the insulin receptor-binding portion of the molecule (TI-Au), myoglobin (MYO-Au), and apomyoglobin (APO-Au) were used to follow the pathway(s) and kinetics of antigen internalization and recycling in TA3 B hybridoma cells. Transmission electron micrographs of the routes followed by the PI-Au and TI-Au conjugates suggest that these antigens are internalized and recycled to the surface of an antigen presenting cell within 2-4 hr. In contrast, the patterns obtained for MYO-Au and APO-Au suggest that either the internalization of these antigens serves to channel them into a degradative pathway or that the kinetics of recycling of these antigens is slower. The two types of patterns observed may not be mutually exclusive and the purpose of internalization may vary, depending on the nature of the antigen. These data represent the first analysis of the kinetics and pathways of internalization and recycling of an antigen by an APC. It is impossible to formally prove that the pathway we have demonstrated is the one responsible for processing for antigen presentation. Nevertheless, these results support the notion that a protein antigen is handled intracellularly by an APC and recycled to the surface before it is presented to a Th cell.
The answer to tackling superbugs could be … more superbugs (2015)

Hard-to-kill bacteria or “superbugs” have become a major problem for hospitals. Between 5% and 12% of hospital patients in the EU are thought to acquire an infection during their stay, with many caused by bacteria such as Clostridium difficile (C. diff) that are resistant to antibiotics.
Automated detection of K-complexes: characterization of Benzodiazepine effects (2000)

International audience
Self-Trapped Exciton and Franck-Condon Spectra Predicted in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">LaMnO</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (1999)

Because the ground state has cooperative Jahn-Teller order, electronic excitations in ${\mathrm{LaMnO}}_{3}$ are predicted to self-trap by local rearrangement of the lattice. The optical spectrum should show a Franck-Condon series, that is, a Gaussian envelope of vibrational sidebands. Existing data are reinterpreted in this way. The Raman spectrum is predicted to have strong multiphonon features.