gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of the hydroperoxide response observed in mouse skin treated with tumor promoters in vivo. (1989)

The production of hydroperoxides is rapidly increased and remains at 200-280% of the control 1-24 h after the second daily application of 17 nmol of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) to mouse skin in vivo. The levels of hydroperoxides are increased 1.63-, 2.64-, 4.07-, and 4.31-fold 18 h after one, two, three, or four applications of TPA at 24-h intervals, respectively. The hydroperoxide response to TPA observed in whole skin reflects almost entirely the increased hydroperoxide-producing activity of the epidermis. Such hydroperoxide responses are triggered to various degrees by the anthrone derivatives and the phorbol esters and diterpene with complete and/or stage 2 tumor-promoting activities but not by the agents with only inflammatory, hyperplastic or stage 1 tumor-promoting activities. However, the Ca2+ ionophores A23187 and ionomycin are potent inducers of hydroperoxide formation. Several discrepancies are observed between the hydroperoxide response to TPA and the known effects of the tumor promoter on ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) induction. In contrast to the refractory state against ODC induction caused by TPA treatments repeated at intervals of less than 48 h, the time interval required for recovery of the hydroperoxide response to TPA in TPA-pretreated skins is only 5 h. The stimulatory effects of A23187, ionomycin and various diacylglycerols (DAGs) on hydroperoxide production do not correlate with their ODC-inducing activities. The increasing susceptibilities of C57BL/6, CF-1, and SEN-CAR mice to skin tumor promotion correlate with their hydroperoxide responses but not with their ODC responses to TPA. alpha-Difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) and other inhibitors of TPA-induced ODC activity fail to alter hydroperoxide production whereas the compounds that inhibit the hydroperoxide response to TPA, such as fluocinolone acetonide, have no or only minimal inhibitory activity against ODC induction. This would suggest that the hydroperoxide response to TPA does not require ODC induction and may not be essential for ODC induction. The hydroperoxide response to TPA is mimicked, but to a lesser degree, by the activator of protein kinase C, 1,2-dioctanoyl-sn-glycerol, and inhibited by verapamil, trifluoperazine, and palmitoylcarnitine. Populations of TPA-treated keratinocytes, therefore, may be responsible not only for ODC activation but also for hydroperoxide production. However, these two responses, which involve, at least in part, Ca2+ mobilization and protein kinase C activation and play important roles in the mechanism of skin tumor promotion, do not appear to be correlated.
Wi‐Fi Signal Visualization (2012)

Visualization of wireless signal strength is crucial to the post-analysis of indoor positioning systems. The visualization tool should have spatial elements to visualize the received signal strength (RSS) distribution. This chapter introduces two modeling methods: fuzzy color map and topographic map. Fuzzy color map provides detailed, multi-color layers to visualize the Wi-Fi received signal strength (RSS) where red means the signal strength density is high, green means the signal strength is medium and blue means the signal strength density is low. A topographic map serves as a quick reference and line-based visualization tools where the RSS is denser and clustering different RSS in different topographic levels. Finally the visualization result helps to provide necessary information to refine the positioning system in both hardware and software level. Controlled Vocabulary Terms IEEE 802.11 Standards; indoor communication; signals
Implementation of a VI-based multi-axis motion control system for automated test and measurement applications (2008)

This paper presents the implementation aspects of a VI-based multi-axis motion control system for automated test and measurement applications. The system has been implemented using virtual instrumentation technique and PXI architecture which enhances the productivity and reduce the cost through easy-to-integrate application software and PXI modular hardware. The application software of the system has been developed using LabVIEW-based graphical development environment which enables the user to configure the system for single axis or multi-axis operation. Using the front panel of the application software, multi-axis operation can be configured as free-axis or master-slave axes pairs with safety limits. The PXI architecture used for the system is versatile and meets the specific needs of test and measurement applications by adding an integrated trigger bus and reference clock for multi-board synchronization The system presented in this work is being used at National Wind Tunnel Facility (NWTF), IIT Kanpur to develop various motion control model support systems and test rigs. Few of them include model attitude control beta mechanism, single axis/dual axes turntable motion control systems, multi-axis robotic arm and ram-air parachute attitude control test rigs. The motion control function of these systems is integrated and synchronized with the data acquisition and measurement functions for automated wind tunnel testing. However, motion control system presented in this paper has been configured for automated wind tunnel test applications, but can also be easily configured to perform various motion and position control functions for bio-medical, process control, robotics, and CNC machine applications.
Vision in a Monkey without Striate Cortex: A Case Study (1974)

A rhesus monkey, Helen, from whom the striate cortex was almost totally removed, was studied intensively over a period of 8 years. During this time she regained an effective, though limited, degree of visually guided behaviour. The evidence suggests that while Helen suffered a permanent loss of ‘focal vision’ she retained (initially unexpressed) the capacity for ‘ambient vision’.
Higher incidence of depression preceding the onset of Parkinson's disease: A register study (2003)

Although case histories of depression preceding Parkinson's disease (PD) point to a possible pathophysiological relationship between these two disorders, there is as yet no epidemiological evidence to support this view. We compared the incidence of depression in patients later diagnosed with PD with that of a matched control population. Using data from an ongoing general practice-based register study, the lifetime incidence of depressive disorder was calculated for patients until their diagnosis of PD and compared with that of a matched control population from the same register. At the time of analysis, the register held information on 105416 people. At the time of their diagnosis of PD, 9.2% of the patients had a history of depression, compared with 4.0% of the control population (chi(2) = 22.388, df = 1, P < 0.001). The odds ratio for a history of depression for these patients was 2.4 (95% CI: 2.1-2.7). We concluded that the higher incidence of depression in patients who were later diagnosed with PD supports the hypothesis of there being a biological risk factor for depression in these patients.
Alloplasty in Surgery of the Eye (1958)

THE use of metals and plastics as replacement for function is becoming an important and interesting development in modern surgery. For more than fifteen years, chemically inert materials have been incorporated in various forms in different tissues to perform many functions. It would not be suspected that ophthalmic surgery would be able to share to any degree in this development, mainly because of the size and delicacy of usable structures. But, on the contrary, eye surgery has been among the first to develop a very active interest in the use of alloplastic replacements.Historically, some of the oldest replacement implants . . .
IP Multicasting: The Complete Guide to Interactive Corporate Networks (1998)

Networks and Protocols. The Basics of Multicasting. Multicast Routing Concepts. Multicast Routing Protocols. Transport Protocols. Integrated Network Services and Quality of Service. Session Management and Security. Application Software. The MBone and Other Multicast Networks. Implementation Strategies and Issues. Future Directions. Glossary. Appendix. Index.
Effects of asymmetrical triazine copper complexes on superoxide radical formation and on the Sendai virus multiplication. (1989)

The O2- scavenging activity of some ligands of asymmetrical triazine seems to be enhanced when complexed with copper. S1 Cu complex in concentration of 10(-8) M inhibits the multiplication of type 1 (Sendai) parainfluenza virus cultivated on MCA fragments. The possible mechanism of inhibition is discussed.
Synthesis of Dimethyl Carbonate from Methyl Carbamate and Methanol Using a Fixed‐Bed Reactor (2012)

Abstract Several mixed oxide catalysts were prepared by coprecipitation for dimethyl carbonate (DMC) synthesis from methyl carbamate and methanol. During the batch process, the DMC yield was below 35 %. In order to minimize the unfavorable thermodynamic equilibrium and side reactions for the DMC synthesis, a fixed‐bed reactor was designed. A maximum DMC yield of ∼ 73 % could be realized over a ZnO‐Al 2 O 3 catalyst. The effects of reaction conditions for this type of reactor were investigated in detail.
Wind sensor for miniature robot chemical plume tracking (2007)

Today, wind sensors are widely used to measure wind speed and direction for various purposes. Due to its wide applications, many wind sensors are commercially available off-the-shelf. This paper presents the study and development of a particular wind sensor for the measurement of wind velocity (direction and speed). Its potential applications include chemical plume tracking using miniature robots. As targeted for miniature robot, it is highly desirable to be smaller in size, lighter in weight, and simpler in design with less circuitry and less power consumption. In this paper, from the design of the wind sensor down to the experiments and post-processing of the sensor output are presented. The result shows that the wind sensor performance is promising for providing proper real time wind speed and direction information for various applications, especially robotic chemical plume tracking related applications.
A capping-independent function of MePCE in stabilizing 7SK snRNA and facilitating the assembly of 7SK snRNP (2009)

The 7SK snRNP represents a major reservoir of activity where P-TEFb, a general transcription factor key for RNA polymerase II elongation, can be withdrawn to promote gene expression, cell growth and development. Within this complex, 7SK snRNA is a central scaffold that coordinates key protein-protein interactions and maintains P-TEFb in an inactive state. Although the stability of 7SK directly affects the amount of active P-TEFb in vivo, relatively little is known about how it is maintained and how the 7SK methylphosphate capping enzyme MePCE and LARP7, a La-related protein associated with the 3'-poly(U) of 7SK, contribute to this process. Here, we show that 7SK is capped by the LARP7-free MePCE and in probably a co-transcriptional manner prior to its sequestration into 7SK snRNP. However, upon interacting with LARP7 within 7SK snRNP, MePCE loses its capping activity, probably due to the occlusion of its catalytic center by LARP7. Despite its lack of capping activity in 7SK snRNP, MePCE displays a capping-independent function to promote the LARP7-7SK interaction, which in turn stabilizes 7SK and facilitates the assembly of a stable MePCE-LARP7-7SK subcomplex. Our data indicate that MePCE and LARP7 act cooperatively to stabilize 7SK and maintain the integrity of 7SK snRNP.
Dispersion compensation schemes for 160 Gb/s TDM-transmission over SSMF and NZDSF (2002)

Various dispersion compensation schemes have been investigated by numerical simulations for standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) and nonzero dispersion-shifted fiber (NZDSF) in 160 Gb/s optical TDM-systems. SSMF yields the better performance.
SYNTHESIS AND REACTIONS OF 4,5-DIARYL-2-MERCAPTOIMIDAZOLES (1988)

Abstract 4,5-Diaryl-2-mercaptoimidazoles (II) were synthesized and reacted with chloroacetic acid to form the S-carboxymethyl derivatives (III). The latter compounds were readily cyclised into the corresponding 5,6-diaryl-2,3-dihydroimidazo(2,1-b) thiazol-3-ones (IV) by the action of acetic anhydride. The 2-aryl-methylene (V) and the 2-arylhydrazono (VI) derivatives of (IV) were prepared. Compounds (IV) reacted with the aniline to give the anilide (VII) and with hydrazine hydrate to give the hydrazide (VIII), which condensed with the aromatic aldehyde to give the hydrazones (IX).
Binary shuffling : defeating memory disclosure attacks through re-randomization (2014)

Software that is in use and under development today still contains as many bugs as ever. These bugs are often exploitable by attackers using advanced techniques such as Return-Oriented Programming (ROP), where pieces of legitimate code are stitched together to form a malicious exploit. One class of defenses against these attacks is Address-Space Layout Randomization (ASLR), which randomly selects the base addresses of legitimate code. However, it has recently been shown that this randomization can be unravelled with memory disclosure attacks, which divulge the contents of memory at a given address. In this work, we strengthen code randomization against memory disclosure attacks, in order to make it a viable defense in the face of Return-Oriented Programming. We propose a technique called binary shuffling, which dynamically re-randomizes the position of code blocks at runtime. While a memory disclosure may reveal the contents of a memory address (thus unravelling the randomization), this information is only valid for a very short time. Our system, called Shuffler, operates on program binaries without access to source code, and can re-randomize the position of all code in a program in as little as ten milliseconds. We show that this is fast enough to defeat any attempt at Return-Oriented Programming, even when armed with a memory disclosure attack. Shuffler adds only 10 to 21% overhead on average, making it a viable defense against these types of attack.
<i>Medicago truncatula</i> on the Move! (2001)

Plant biology is moving rapidly. With the recent completion of the sequence of the Arabidopsis genome ([The Arabidopsis Genome Initiative, 2000][1]), researchers have turned their attention to the genomes of other crop plants ([Adam, 2000][2]). Many agronomically important crop plants are legumes,
An API for scalable reliable multicast (2002)

There are many scenarios in which the same data must be delivered over a packet switched network to a large set of receivers. The Internet enables efficient multipoint transmissions through IP multicast by allowing data transmission to all receivers with a single send. Most approaches to scalable reliable multicast utilize receiver-oriented retransmissions. Defining an API for receiver-oriented reliable multicast is difficult because it is not clear how to manage the sender's cache and to schedule repairs. We outline an approach to defining an API based on logical cache persistence that addresses these problems. We also we explore the issues involved in defining an API for reliable multicast protocol on the Internet that can scale to millions of receivers.
Fecal incontinence in Wisconsin nursing homes (1998)

Urinary incontinence frequently coexists with fecal incontinence. The treatment of fecal incontinence may depend more on awareness of these significant associations, such as tube feeding, impaction, diarrhea, and loss of activities of daily living, which might exacerbate fecal incontinence, than on the condition of the anal sphincter.
The Simile and the Homeric Comparative Spectrum (2011)

a study of the homeric simile can begin by defining its terms. I propose to accomplish this preliminary task by looking at the larger question of statements in the shape “A (is) like B” in the Homeric poems. Glaukos' famous contention that men resemble leaves is a good place to start:
Analysis and synthesis of sound textures (1998)

The sound of rain or of a large crowd are examples of sound textures. A restricted definition of sound texture is proposed for machine processing. Sound textures are treated as two-level phenomena: simple sound elements called atoms form the low level, and the distribution and arrangement of atoms form the high level. A cluster-based probability model is used to characterize the high level of sound textures. The model is then used to resynthesize textures that are perceptually similar to originals (training data). Finally, applications of the model for classification of sound textures are suggested.
When Money Learns to Fly: Towards Sensing as a Service Applications Using Bitcoin (2014)

Sensing-as-a-Service (S2aaS) is an emerging Internet of Things (IOT) business model pattern. To be technically feasible and to effectively allow for broad adoption, S2aaS implementations have to overcome manifold systemic hurdles, specifically regarding payment and sensor identification. In an effort to overcome these hurdles, we propose Bitcoin as protocol for S2aaS networks. To lay the groundwork and start the conversation about disruptive changes that Bitcoin technology could bring to S2aaS concepts and IOT in general, we identify and discuss the core characteristics that could drive those changes. We present a conceptual example and describe the basic process of exchanging data for cash using Bitcoin.
Structural features, kinetics and SAR study of radical scavenging and antioxidant activities of phenolic and anilinic compounds (2013)

In conclusion, the structures of good anti radical and antioxidant phenols and anilines are defined. The obtained good correlations imply that measuring anti DPPH activity can be used as a simple predictive test for the anti hydroxyl and peroxyl radical, and antioxidant activities. Kinetic measurements showed that strong antioxidants with high activity have also high reaction rates indicating that factors stabilizing the phenoxyl radicals lower also the activation energy of the hydrogen transfer process.
Thermal enhancement methods for ECL gate array packaging (2003)

Three different approaches used for thermal conductivity enhancement of emitter-coupled logic (ECL) gate array packaging are described. The approaches presented are: material substitution; package modification; and process modification. The method of thermal resistance measurement, the methods and process of modification of packaging, and the results of measurement are also described. Material substitution consisted of replacing the electrically conducting Cu-W alloy substrate with high thermal conductivity, electrically insulating inserts of BeO/AIN. This approach, though successful in achieving desired thermal enhancements, was not cost effective. Package modification together with process modification was needed to produce packages with thermal resistance less than 1 degrees C/W and natural convection of less than 3 degrees C/W at 1000 ft/min. Data at various air speeds from 250 to 1000 ft/min are presented for various thermal enhancement methods.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Improved portability and parsing through interactive acquisition of semantic information (1988)

This paper presents SPQR (Selectional Pattern Queries and Responses), a module of the PUNDIT text-processing system designed to facilitate the acquisition of domain-specific semantic information, and to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the parser. SPQR operates by interactively and incrementally collecting information about the semantic acceptability of certain lexical co-occurrence patterns (e.g., subject-verb-object) found in partially constructed parses. The module has proved to be a valuable tool for porting PUNDIT to new domains and acquiring essential semantic information about the domains. Preliminary results also indicate that SPQR causes a threefold reduction in the number of parses found, and about a 40% reduction in total parsing time.
[Construction, expression and activity test of a reshaping single-chain antibody against human CD3]. (2000)

Monoclonal antibody (McAb) against human CD3 can adjust human body's immune statement in various ways, so that its clinical potential is highly regarded. In order to overcome the immunogenecity related to the murine McAb, this research effort was focused on constructing a reshaping single-chain antibody(scFv) against human CD3 employing antibody engineering. First, the CDRs of the murine McAb against human CD3 OKT3 was transplanted into the light-chain framework regions (FRs) of human McAb LS1 and the heavy-chain FRs of human McAb Nd respectively, spatial conformation was predicted by computer analysis. Then some particular residues were replaced in FRs basing on the result of conformational prediction to draw out the amino acid sequences of the reshaped VL and VH. The genes were chemically synthesize and inserted into an expression vector pROH80 to construct the reshaping scFv. Inducing the expression of reshaping scFv, the products are mainly as inclusion bodies. The reshaping scFv was expressed in another vector pALM. The inclusion bodies were denatured and then renatured by gel filtration. The renatured products were purified by immobilized metal affinity chromatograph (IMAC). Finally, the antigen-binding activily of the reshaping scFv against human CD3 was testified by the Compelitire in hibilory fluorescenceactivated cell sorting (FACS). The competitive inhibition rate is 18%.
Refractivity Gradients in the Northern Hemisphere (1975)

The continued expansion of microwave radio links and the resulting congestion have increased the need for better performance estimates. In the evaluation of refractivity effects, the designer may wish to consider the average gradients at specific locations for different seasons, as well as diurnal changes. This report presents graphs showing the cumulative probability distributions of the atmospheric radio refractivity gradients in the ground-based 100-m layer for 87 stations in the Northern Hemisphere. These are based on climatological data from radiosonde observations, and show the average conditions in one month of each season. A limited number of diurnal comparisons are included, as well as information on the climate of each site.
Making compact disks interactive (1987)

Compact disk interactive (CD-I), a consumer product that could change entertainment, education, and other daily routines, is described. The development of CD-I, which is based on laser optical technology, is reviewed. The requirements that were met by CD-I and its capabilities are examined.
Characterization of Anti-Myosin Monoclonal Antibodies (2005)

The characterization of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) with regard to reactivity and specificity is important for the successful application as a molecular probe and/or diagnostic reagent. Furthermore, it is recognized that some monoclonal reagents perform well in some assay systems but not others. In this study, the reactivity profiles of two anti-myosin MAbs (H1 and DH2, raised against human cardiac myosin) were evaluated in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), slot-blotting, and immunocytochemistry. Both antibodies performed well in slot-blotting against myosin heavy chain preparations from cardiac and skeletal muscle and from non-human sources. In general, MAb H1 demonstrated strong to moderate reactivity in all assay systems, whilst MAb DH2 faired poorly in ELISA. MAb H1 also showed reactivity to synthetic peptides of myosin, one of which possessed a motif (ERRDA, single amino acid code) that was found in other human and nonhuman myosin protein sequences that could explain its cross-reactive profile. Intriguingly, this motif was found on viral and other pathogenic agents associated with myocarditis. Hence, it is speculated that this region could give some credence to the mechanism of molecular mimicry associated with some cardiac diseases. Overall, MAb H1 may serve as a useful probe of myosin structure.