gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Linear Artificial Molecular Muscles (2005)

Two switchable, palindromically constituted bistable [3]rotaxanes have been designed and synthesized with a pair of mechanically mobile rings encircling a single dumbbell. These designs are reminiscent of a "molecular muscle" for the purposes of amplifying and harnessing molecular mechanical motions. The location of the two cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene) (CBPQT(4+)) rings can be controlled to be on either tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) or naphthalene (NP) stations, either chemically ((1)H NMR spectroscopy) or electrochemically (cyclic voltammetry), such that switching of inter-ring distances from 4.2 to 1.4 nm mimics the contraction and extension of skeletal muscle, albeit on a shorter length scale. Fast scan-rate cyclic voltammetry at low temperatures reveals stepwise oxidations and movements of one-half of the [3]rotaxane and then of the other, a process that appears to be concerted at room temperature. The active form of the bistable [3]rotaxane bears disulfide tethers attached covalently to both of the CBPQT(4+) ring components for the purpose of its self-assembly onto a gold surface. An array of flexible microcantilever beams, each coated on one side with a monolayer of 6 billion of the active bistable [3]rotaxane molecules, undergoes controllable and reversible bending up and down when it is exposed to the synchronous addition of aqueous chemical oxidants and reductants. The beam bending is correlated with flexing of the surface-bound molecular muscles, whereas a monolayer of the dumbbell alone is inactive under the same conditions. This observation supports the hypothesis that the cumulative nanoscale movements within surface-bound "molecular muscles" can be harnessed to perform larger-scale mechanical work.
Role of photonic-crystal-type structures in the thermal regulation of a Lycaenid butterfly sister species pair (2003)

One of the possible functions of the photonic-crystal structure found on the wing scales of some butterflies is investigated. The optical and electron microscopic investigation of two male butterflies-blue (colored) and brown (discolored)-representing a sister species pair and originating from different altitudes, revealed that the blue color can be attributed unambiguously to the fine, spongelike medium, called "pepper-pot structure," present between the ridges and the cross ribs in the scales of the colored butterfly. Only traces of this structure can be found on the scales of the discolored butterfly. Other physical measurements, mainly optical reflectivity, transmission, and thermal measurements, are correlated with structural data and simulation results. The thermal measurements reveal that under identical illumination conditions the high-altitude butterfly reaches a temperature 1.3-1.5 times the temperature reached by the low-altitude butterfly. This is attributed to the photonic-crystal-like behavior of the pepper-pot structure, which significantly reduces the penetration of light with wavelength in the blue region of the spectrum into the body of the scales. This sheds some light on the adaptation that enhances the survival chance of the butterfly in a cold environment rich in blue and UV radiation.
Quasi-Orthogonal Multi-Carrier CDMA (2008)

It is believed that the dimension of the signal space with interval T and bandwidth W is 2WT, while we cannot make the out-of-band and out-of-time energies of any waveform zero. We propose a Gaussian pulse shaping for multi-carrier CDMA systems to utilize the time and frequency resources effectively. Gaussian pulses have ICI and ISI; they are not orthogonal. Markovity of spreading codes save the drawback of ICI and ISI. Overlapped Gaussian pulses increase the spectral efficiency.
Long‐term treatment results for acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia patients: a multicentre study (1992)

The prognosis and long-term results of a group of 57 acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia (M7-AML) patients was analysed from a multicentre perspective. Ages ranged from 4 to 83 years, median 49 years; 30 were males and 27 were females. The median follow-up time was 7 months, range 1-24 months. Early exits occurred in 12 cases, their median age being 71 years. Forty-five patients were treated with combined aggressive chemotherapy (CT) (n = 26) or low-dose cytarabine (LD-AraC) (n = 19). The following results were obtained with combined CT or AraC, respectively. Complete remission (CR) rates were 73% and 84%, 12-month survival (SV) were 37% and 26%, 24-month SV were 12% and 11%, median SV 10 and 4 months, and relapse rates (RR) were 68% and 94%. These differences were not statistically significant. Irrespective of the treatment modality, the results were better for children (n = 10) than for adults (n = 35): RR rates were 90% and 74%, median SV: 7 and 5 months, 12-month SV: 40% and 22%, 24-month SV; 30% and 9%, and RR: 78% and 81%, respectively; these differences also were not statistically significant. In addition, a literature review of 42 patients from 18 previous reports is presented, including seven cases treated with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). The best results were obtained with BMT: 12 and 24 month SV was 86% and the RR was 0%. On the above-mentioned basis, we feel that children and young adults with M7-AML should be offered BMT. In patients over 60 years old or not eligible for aggressive chemotherapy or BMT, an interesting possibility would be the use of LD-AraC which allows a high CR rate, followed by a classical consolidation regimen in order to prevent early relapses.
Untersuchungen über die Verwertung parenteral zugeführter Amino säuren bei chronischer Niereninsuffízienz im Kindesalter (1983)

Wir infundierten 20 chronisch niereninsuffizienten Kindern (n.I.) im Alter von 8 Monaten bis 17 Jahren 1 ml/kg KG einer 10%igen L-Aminosäurelösung innerhalb von 3 bis 5 Minuten. Es wurden die Nüchternkonzentrationen bestimmt, die Blutspiegelkinetik nach Infusionsende untersucht, die Eliminationskonstante, die Halbwertzeit, die Clearance, der korrigierte Transfer und der Pool der einzelnen Aminosäuren berechnet. Die Ergebnisse untersuchten wir auf geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede und Altersabhängigkeit. Zum Vergleich dienten die Werte 19 gesunder Kinder: 1. Fast alle Nüchternkonzentrationen der freien AS zeigen bei chronischer N.I. für diese Erkrankungen typische Abweichungen von der Norm. 2. Bei der Berechnung der kinetischen Daten zeigte sich, daß zwischen primär glomerulär bedingter und primär tubular bedingter chronischer N.I. unterschieden werden muß. 3. Die Halbwertzeiten und Eliminationskonstanten unterscheiden sich nicht oder nur unwesentlich von der Norm. Die Untersuchung auf Altersabhängigkeit erbrachte für beide Größen ebenfalls keine Unterschiede gegenüber der Normgruppe. 4. Die Clearancewerte für die Gruppe der primär glomerulär bedingten chronischen N.I. lagen durchschnittlich bei 57%, die der Gruppe der tubular bedingten bei 115% der Norm. 5. Für den korrigierten Transfer ergeben sich analog zu Punkt4 56% und 113%, für den Pool 67% und 139% der Normwerte. 6. Statistisch nachweisbare geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede traten bei keiner der Größen auf. 7. Bei Betrachtung der Altersabhängigkeit der Clearance lagen die Werte bei Säuglingen und Kleinkindern für Lysin, Threonin, Glycin und Prolin über denen der älteren Kinder. 8. Beim korrigierten Transfer waren die Werte für Threonin, Arginin, Histidin, Glycin, Alanin und Serin in der Gruppe der 8 bis 31 Monate alten Kinder statistisch signifikant höher als bei den übrigen Kindern. 9. Signifikante altersabhängige Unterschiede beim Pool fanden sich nicht.
Luxation péri-lunaire du carpe: Un diagnostic encore trop souvent inaperçu (1986)

Resume Les auteurs rapportent leur experience du traitement de la luxation peri-lunaire dorsale du carpe. Leurs observations proviennent de sept Centres Hospitaliers differents. Sur 91 cas comportant une documentation adequate, 61 ont ete revus avec un recul moyen de 42 mois (entre 12 mois et 22 ans). Les resultats fonctionnels ont ete evalues sur des criteres d'appreciation des resultats suggeres par Witvoet et Allieu [17] avec de legeres modifications. Il n'y avait que 33 cas de resultats favorables sur 61 (54 %). La relation entre les mauvais resultats et les cas inapercus d'emblee est tres significative (p
Josephson and spontaneous currents at the interface between two d-wave superconductors with transport current in the banks (2004)

A stationary Josephson effect in the ballistic contact of two d-wave superconductors with different orientation of the axes and with transport current in the banks is considered theoretically. The influence of the transport current on the current–phase relation of the Josephson and tangential currents at the interface is studied. It is demonstrated that the spontaneous surface current at the interface depends on the transport current in the banks due to the interference of the angle-dependent condensate wave functions of the two superconductors.
Chemical solution deposition: a path towards low cost coated conductors (2004)

The achievement of low cost deposition techniques for high critical current YBa2Cu3O7 coated conductors is one of the major objectives to achieve a widespread use of superconductivity in power applications. Chemical solution deposition techniques are appearing as a very promising methodology to achieve epitaxial oxide thin films at a low cost, so an intense effort is being carried out to develop routes for all chemical coated conductor tapes. In this work recent achievements will be presented towards the goal of combining the deposition of different type of buffer layers on metallic substrates based on metal–organic decomposition with the growth of YBa2Cu3O7 layers using the trifluoroacetate route. The influence of processing parameters on the microstructure and superconducting properties will be stressed. High critical currents are demonstrated in 'all chemical' multilayers.
Crystallization Kinetics of Homogeneous and Melt Segregated PE Containing Diblock Copolymers (2006)

Abstract The crystallization behavior of four types of polyethylene (PE) containing diblock copolymers with an approximate 50/50 composition has been investigated and compared with their respective PE homopolymers. A glassy block of polystyrene (PS), a rubbery block of poly ( D , L ‐lactide) (PDLA), a semicrystalline block of poly ( L ‐lactide) (PLLA) and a miscible block of (poly(ethylene‐ alt ‐propylene) (PEP) were used to asses the influence of the degree of confinement and miscibility on the crystallization kinetics of PE. PEP had the largest effect on the crystallization kinetics of the PE block in view of its miscibility. For the strongly segregated systems larger restrictions were imposed by vitreous PS due to hard confinement as compared with the soft confinement of the rubbery PDLA block. A nucleation effect of previously crystallized PLLA on the PE block was detected which offset its depression of the crystallization kinetics of PE.
Freeze-Thawing Procedures Have No Influence on the Phenotypic and Functional Development of Dendritic Cells Generated from Peripheral Blood CD14+ Monocytes (2003)

Little is known about the potential influence of cryopreservation on the biologic activities of dendritic cells (DCs). In this study, we examined the effects of freeze-thawing on the phenotypic and functional development of human DCs obtained from granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-mobilized peripheral blood CD14+ cells. CD14+ cells were cultured, immediately or after freeze-thawing, with granulocyte-macrophage CSF and interleukin-4 for 9 days, and then with added tumor necrosis factor-alpha for another 3 days. For both fresh and freeze-thawed monocytes, immature DCs harvested on day 6 and mature DCs harvested on day 9 of culture were examined under the same conditions. Cells were compared with regard to their 1) capacities for antigen endocytosis and chemotactic migration (immature DCs), and 2) allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction and antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses (mature DCs). Freeze-thawing did not affect the viability or subsequent maturation of DCs at any stage of development. Furthermore, essentially no difference was observed in phenotype or function between cells generated from fresh or cryopreserved/thawed cells. Although this study design was limited with the use of fetal bovine serum, the observation still suggests that freeze-thawing does not affect viability, phenotype, subsequent maturation, or functions of DCs at any stage of maturation.
Correction - "Heats of Combustion of Some Nitro Alcohols" (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCorrection - "Heats of Combustion of Some Nitro Alcohols"R. Currie, C. Bennett, and Dysart HolcombCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1952, 44, 6, 1451Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50510a068https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50510a068research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views7Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Clinical and molecular characterization of HER2amplified-pancreatic cancer (2013)

Abstract Background Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal and molecularly diverse malignancies. Repurposing of therapeutics that target specific molecular mechanisms in different disease types offers potential for rapid improvements in outcome. Although HER2 amplification occurs in pancreatic cancer, it is inadequately characterized to exploit the potential of anti- HER2 therapies. Methods HER2 amplification was detected and further analyzed using multiple genomic sequencing approaches. Standardized reference laboratory assays defined HER2 amplification in a large cohort of patients (n = 469) with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Results An amplified inversion event (1 MB) was identified at the HER2 locus in a patient with PDAC. Using standardized laboratory assays, we established diagnostic criteria for HER2 amplification in PDAC, and observed a prevalence of 2%. Clinically, HER2 - amplified PDAC was characterized by a lack of liver metastases, and a preponderance of lung and brain metastases. Excluding breast and gastric cancer, the incidence of HER2 -amplified cancers in the USA is >22,000 per annum. Conclusions HER2 amplification occurs in 2% of PDAC, and has distinct features with implications for clinical practice. The molecular heterogeneity of PDAC implies that even an incidence of 2% represents an attractive target for anti- HER2 therapies, as options for PDAC are limited. Recruiting patients based on HER2 amplification, rather than organ of origin, could make trials of anti-HER2 therapies feasible in less common cancer types.
On-Chip Spiral Inductors for RF Applications: An Overview (2004)

Abstract—Passive components are indispensable in the design and development of microchips for high-frequency applications. Inductors in particular are used frequently in radio frequency (RF) IC’s such as low-noise amplifiers and oscillators. This paper gives a broad overview on the on-chip spiral inductors. The design concept and modeling approach of the typical square-shaped spiral inductor are first addressed. This is followed by the discussions of advanced structures for the enhancement of inductor performance. Research works reported in the literature are summarized to aid the understanding of the recent development of such devices. I.
Development of Probability Concept for Thermal Fatigue Life Cycle Prediction (2020)

Furnaces are most commonly used for melting of Ferrous Metals and its alloy materials. Induction furnaces use Electrical Power so that they are more advantageous as no fuel is required. It is a very critical problem to find life span of Induction Melting FurnaceWall under thermal load variation. The life cycle of induction furnace refractory wall is a variable as minor variation is always present due to effect of skill of workers and many other factors. The life cycle of furnace wall will vary minor with some miscellaneous factors and cannot be justified as a single value always. The probability concept is utilized here in the forecast of life cycle calculation to justify the miscellaneous factors effected for the damage of the induction furnace refractory wall. The probability concept initially defines a minimum life of induction furnace wall for a certain case then it is assumed to vary with different probability as given below. So, all the cases of induction furnace wall are having minimum life always but some cases of induction furnace wall are having much longer life. It is due to effect from many miscellaneous factors like skills of workers, efficiency of workers, raw material quality used for construction of wall, tools applied for ramming of it, row material employed for melting, etc.
Highly polarized HLA class II antigen processing and presentation by human intestinal epithelial cells. (1998)

The high concentration of foreign antigen in the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract is separated from the underlying lymphocytes by a single cell layer of polarized epithelium. Intestinal epithelial cells can express HLA class II antigens and may function as antigen-presenting cells to CD4(+) T cells within the intestinal mucosa. Using tetanus toxoid specific and HLA-DR-restricted T lymphocytes, we show that polarized intestinal epithelial cells directed to express HLA-DR molecules are able to initiate class II processing only after internalization of antigen from their apical surface. Coexpression of the class II transactivator CIITA in these cells, which stimulates highly efficient class II processing without the characteristic decline in barrier function seen in polarized monolayers treated with the proinflammatory cytokine gamma-IFN, facilitates antigen processing from the basolateral surface. In both cases, peptide presentation to T cells via class II molecules was restricted to the basolateral surface. These data indicate a highly polarized functional architecture for antigen processing and presentation by intestinal epithelial cells, and suggest that the functional outcome of antigen processing by the intestinal epithelium is both dependent on the cellular surface at which the foreign antigen is internalized and by the underlying degree of mucosal inflammation.
[The prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder and comorbidity among psychiatric outpatients]. (2006)

Our results show that among psychiatric outpatients, GAD has high comorbidity rates with depressive and other anxiety disorders, and it is associate with some sociodemographic characteristics such as gender, and marital, working and educational status.
ChemInform Abstract: Unprecedented Base Effect on the Synthesis of Chiral Phosphinate Esters: A New Route to P‐Chiral Phosphine Oxides of High Enantiomeric Purity. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Nanotechnology in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (2010)

Although nanotechnology applied to medicine has a potentially huge impact on drug delivery and tissue engineering, significant challenges need to be resolved before clinically viable nanomedicine or nanobiomedicine therapies will be available. Skillfully edited, with contributions from an expert panel of researchers, Nanotechnology in Tissue Engine
MobiTrust: Trust Management System in Mobile Social Computing (2010)

Due to the rapid development of mobile computing technology and social network service, mobile social network emerges as a new network paradigm, which significantly facilitates the communication and resource sharing between mobile clients/users that are socially interconnected. However, the functionality and security of such networks would be potentially undermined without an effective trust management scheme. Although many trust management systems have been proposed, few of them can be applied to mobile social networks because of the unique network and communication characteristics. This paper presents a novel trust management system, termed MobileTrust, to establish secure, reliable, and accurate trust relationships between network participants. Specifically, the construction of trust models encompasses three key factors associated with the similarity of user profile, reputation, and history of friendship. A set of simulations is conducted to evaluate our system deployed in a mobile social network in the presence of dishonest users.
Power-Aware SE Analysis of Different FF Designs at the 14-/16-nm Bulk FinFET CMOS Technology Node (2018)

As the minimum feature size on an integrated circuit continues to shrink aggressively toward deep submicrometer, the radiation-induced single-event (SE) upset (SEU) has become a prominent concern. Various radiation-hardening-by-design (RHBD) techniques have been developed to achieve a satisfactory SE tolerance for flip-flop (FF) designs. To enable low supply voltage for ICs and overcome the “power wall,” the lowest power consumption of different RHBD techniques to meet the target SEU cross section is studied in this paper. A comparative analysis of three representative RHBD FFs and an unhardened FF fabricated at the 14-/16-nm bulk FinFET CMOS technology generation shows that at least 2× power dissipation reduction may be achieved by using RHBD FFs at appropriate supply voltage without degrading SE tolerance.
Acoustic signature analysis and data fusion of vehicles based on acoustic sensor arrays (2007)

Considerable interest has arisen in the recent years utilizing inexpensive acoustic sensors in the battlefield to perform targets of interest identification and classification. There are many advantages of using acoustic sensor arrays. They are low cost, and relatively have low power consumption. They require no line of sight and provide many capabilities for target detection, bearing estimation, target tracking, classification and identification. Furthermore, they can provide cueing for other sensors and multiple acoustic sensor responses can be combined and triangulated to localize an energy source target in the field. In practice, however, many environment noise factors affect their performance in detecting targets of interest reliably and accurate. In this paper, we have proposed a novel approach for detection, classification, and identification of moving target vehicles. The approach is based on <i>Singular Value Decomposition</i> (SVD) coupled with <i>Particle Filtering</i> (PF) technique. Using SVD dominant features of vehicle acoustic signatures are extracted efficiently. Then, these feature vectors are employed for robust identification and classification of target vehicles based on a particle filtering scheme. The performance of the proposed approach was evaluated based on a set of experimental acoustic data from multiple vehicle test-runs. It is demonstrated that the approach yields very promising results where an array of acoustic sensors are used to detect, identify and classify target vehicles in the field.