gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sequences involved in initiation of simian virus 40 late transcription in the absence of T antigen. (1986)

We analyzed the sequences involved in vivo in the initiation of simian virus 40 (SV40) late transcription occurring in the absence of both SV40 origin sequences and T antigen. The constituent elements of the SV40 late promoters have already been the subject of extensive studies. In vitro studies have resulted in the description of two putative domains of the late promoters. The first domain consists of an 11-base-pair (bp) sequence, 5'-GGTACCTAACC-3', located 25 nucleotides (nt) upstream of the SV40 major late initiation site (MLIS) (J. Brady, M. Radonovich, M. Vodkin, V. Natarajan, M. Thoren, G. Das, J. Janik, and N. P. Salzman, Cell 31:624-633, 1982). The second domain is located within the G-C-rich region (J. Brady, M. Radonovich, M. Thoren, G. Das, and N. P. Salzman, Mol. Cell. Biol. 4:133-141; U. Hansen and P. A. Sharp, EMBO J. 2:2293-2303). Our previous in vivo studies permitted us to define a domain of the late promoter which extends from nt 332 to nt 113 and includes the 72-bp enhancer sequences. Here, by using transfection of the appropriate chimeric plasmids into HeLa cells in conjunction with quantitative S1 nuclease analysis, we analyzed in more detail the sequences required for the control of SV40 late-gene expression occurring before the onset of viral DNA replication. We showed that the major late promoter element is in fact the 72-bp repeat enhancer element. This element was able to drive efficient late transcription in the absence of T antigen. Under our experimental conditions, removal of the G-C-rich region (21-bp repeats) entailed a significant increase in the level of late-gene expression. Moreover, translocation of this element closer to the MLIS (53 nt upstream of the MLIS) enhanced the level of transcripts initiated at natural late initiation sites. Our results suggest that the G-C-rich regions have to be positioned between the enhancer element and the initiation sites to stimulate transcription from downstream sites. Thus, the relative arrangement of the various promoter elements is a critical factor contributing to the situation in which the early promoter is stronger than late promoters before viral DNA replication.
The UGDP Controversy (1979)

WSTEP. Uwa?a sie powszechnie, ?e rozpoznanie zespo³u metabolicznego pozwala identyfikowaae osoby z wysokim ryzykiem
cukrzycy typu 2 i choroby uk³adu sercowo-naczyniowego. W powy?szej pracy retrospektywnie porownano warto¶ae zespo³u
metabolicznego, definiowanego wed³ug National Cholesterol Education Program , jako czynnika prognostycznego cukrzycy i incydentow
sercowo-naczyniowych z ustalonymi schematami oceny ryzyka: Diabetes Predicting Model i  Framingham Risk Score .
 MATERIA£ I METODY. Grupe 1709 pacjentow bior±cych udzia³ w badaniu San Antonio Heart Study (SAHS), ktorzy pocz±tkowo
nie chorowali na cukrzyce, obserwowano przez 7,5 lat. Cukrzyca typu 2 pojawi³a sie u 195 osob. W tym samym czasie u 156
spo¶rod 2570 pacjentow badania SAHS wyst±pi³ incydent sercowo-naczyniowy. Przez 6,5 roku obserwowano rownie? grupe 1353
pacjentow bior±cych udzia³ w badaniu Mexico City Diabetes Study (MCDS), ktorzy wyj¶ciowo nie chorowali na cukrzyce. Cukrzyca
typu 2 pojawi³a sie u 125 osob. W badaniu autorow analizowano elementy wywiadu lekarskiego, wiek, p³eae, pochodzenie etniczne,
palenie tytoniu, wska¼nik masy cia³a (BMI, body mass index ), ci¶nienie tetnicze, ste?enie glukozy na czczo i 2 godziny po obci±?eniu,
ste?enie cholesterolu ca³kowitego, frakcji HDL i triglicerydow na czczo.
 WYNIKI. Czu³o¶ae metody prognozowania wyst±pienia cukrzycy na podstawie obecno¶ci zespo³u metabolicznego u pacjentow
w badaniu SAHS i MCDS wynosi³a odpowiednio 66,2% i 62,4%. W powy?szych grupach odsetek wynikow fa³szywie dodatnich
wynosi³ odpowiednio 27,8% i 38,7%. Czu³o¶ae i odsetek wynikow fa³szywie dodatnich dla tej metody prognozowania incydentow
sercowo-naczyniowych w populacji badania SAHS wynosi³y odpowiednio 67,3% i 34,2%. Dla porownywalnych odsetkow wynikow
fa³szywie dodatnich dwa przyjete modele prognostyczne wykaza³y istotnie wy?sz± czu³o¶ae typowania zdarzen stanowi±cych
oba kryteria badania ni? prognozowanie na podstawie obecno¶ci zespo³u metabolicznego. Dla porownywalnej czu³o¶ci modele
prognostyczne wykaza³y istotnie ni?szy odsetek wynikow fa³szywie dodatnich ni? prognozowanie na podstawie obecno¶ci zespo³u
metabolicznego. W³±czenie zespo³u metabolicznego do ktoregokolwiek z modeli predykcyjnych nie zwieksza³o warto¶ci predykcyjnej.
 WNIOSKI. Uznane modele prognostyczne wykazuj± wy?szo¶ae nad kryterium obecno¶ci zespo³u metabolicznego w prognozowaniu
rozwoju zarowno cukrzycy typu 2, jak i incydentow sercowo-naczyniowych.
Novel Magnetic Properties of Carbon Nanotubes (1995)

A magnetic field is found to have strong effects on the electronic structure and bulk properties of carbon nanotubes. A field-induced metal-insulator transition is predicted for all pure nanotubes. In a weak field, nanotubes exhibit both large diamagnetic and paramagnetic responses depending on the field direction, the Fermi energy, the helicity, and the nanotube radius. Universal scalings are found in the susceptibility as functions of the Fermi energy, the temperature, and the size of nanotubes. Comparison with recent experiments are discussed.
Repigmentation of the Gingiva Following Surgical Injury (1986)

Oral melanin pigmentation is not uncommon in some races and ethnic groups. Repigmentation of depigmented oral mucosa has been described after chemical, thermal, surgical, pharmacologic or idiopathic factors. Information on the repigmentation of oral tissues after surgical procedures is extremely limited. The communication reports on gingival repigmentation over a 7 to 8 year period following removal of gingival tissues. Pigmented keratinized gingiva was removed in two Jewish Yemanite adult males, who had moderate or heavily pigmented gingiva. After surgery, the exposed lamina propria was covered by periodontal pack for 7 to 10 days. The tissues were then observed periodically for signs of repigmentation. Healing was uneventful and the surgically treated areas in both patients remained depigmented over the first 2 years. After 32 months, some pigmentation was found in one of the patients, and with the exception of two limited sites, the area was completely repigmented after 7 years. The surgically treated area in the second patient remained depigmented over an 8-year follow-up period. These observations agree with previous reports that describe gingival pigmentation as spontaneous and suggest that further controlled experimental studies be undertaken to explore the biologic basis for repigmentation.
Determination of Selenium(IV) by a Photooxidized 3,3‘-Diaminobenzidine/Perfluorinated Polymer Mercury Film Electrode (2000)

A new, and easily fabricated, chemically modified electrode for the determination of selenium(IV) was examined by cathodic square-wave stripping voltammetry. This new electrode consisted of an anion-exchange perfluorinated polymer (Tosflex) coated thin mercury film electrode containing photooxidized 3,3'-diaminobenzidine (ODAB). The coating solution of Tosflex and ODAB was spin-coated on a glassy carbon electrode followed by electroplating of a thin film of mercury. During the preconcentration, ODAB was reduced electrochemically and selenium was accumulated simultaneously onto the electrode by interacting with the reduced ODAB. After a 5-min preconcentration period, linear response was observed from 0.5 to 50 ppb selenium, and the detection limit was 0.1 ppb. The proposed method does not require a darkened room, which was required in many of the previous methods involving 3,3'-diaminobenzidine. In addition, the resistance to interference from surface-active compounds was improved by incorporating Tosflex in the film.
An Investigation of the Potential Benefits in Trading Energy Resolution for Timing Resolution in Time-of-Flight Positron Emission Tomography (2006)

Recent developments in scintillators and photodetectors have renewed the interest in time-of-flight positron emission tomography (TOF-PET). In this paper, we demonstrated that exact image reconstruction can be achieved with TOF-PET data generated by using coincidence windows that are smaller than the subject size. With this new possibility in TOF-PET imaging, we demonstrated the potential benefit of placing more emphasis on the timing resolution when developing TOF-PET systems, even though the energy resolution of the system may be sub-optimal. This observation can create more options in selecting scintillation materials and photodetector technologies that would otherwise be considered inappropriate for building TOF-PET systems.
Direction finding in correlated noise fields based on joint block-diagonalization of spatio-temporal correlation matrices (1997)

Direction of arrival (DOA) estimation techniques require knowledge of the sensor-to-sensor correlation of the noise, which constitutes a significant drawback. In the case of temporally correlated signals, it is possible to estimate the signal parameters without any assumptions made on the spatial covariance matrix of the noise. A new method for the estimation of the signal subspace and noise subspace is introduced. The proposed approach is based on a joint block-diagonalization (JBD) of a combined set of spatio-temporal correlation matrices. Once the signal and the noise subspaces are estimated, any subspace based approach can be applied for DOA estimation. A performance comparison of the proposed approach with an existing technique is provided.
Automatic camera exposure control (2007)

It is commonplace to use digital video cameras in robotic applications. These cameras have built-in exposure control but they do not have any knowledge of the environment, the lens being used, the important areas of the image and do not always produce optimal image exposure. Therefore, it is desirable and often necessary to control the exposure off the camera. In this paper we present a scheme for exposure control which enables the user application to determine the area of interest. The proposed scheme introduces an intermediate transparent layer between the camera and the user application which combines the information from these for optimal exposure production. We present results from indoor and outdoor scenarios using directional and fish-eye lenses showing the performance and advantages of this framework. 1
Bugyetü't-taleb fî Tarih-i Haleb'e göre EMÎR AK-SUNGUR (1966)

XIII. yüzyılın değerli müverrihlerinden olan Kudils'lü Kemalüd - d i n Ibnü'1-Adi m (1192-1262) bilindiği üzere, Haleb şehriyle ilgili birçok sultan, vezir, emir, âlim, şâir ve ediblerin haya t ve faaliyetlerini içine alan Bugyetü't-taleb fî Tarih-i Haleb adlı büyü k bir eser telif etmiştir. Bu eserin, müellifin yaşadığı devirde cereyan eden olayların (özellikle Kuzey-Suriye'de) bir kaynağı sayılması tabii olacağı gibi, X I. ve XII. yüzyıllarda telif edilen ve fakat bize kada r erişemiyen birçok eserlerden yapılan değerli nakillerle dolu olması bakımından da sözkonusu yüzyıl olaylarının güvenilir bir kaynağını teşkil ettiği ifade edilebilir
Towards more effective distance functions for word image matching (2010)

Matching word images has many applications in document recognition and retrieval systems. Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) is popularly used to estimate the similarity between word images. Word images are represented as sequences of feature vectors, and the cost associated with dynamic programming based alignment is considered as the dissimilarity between them. However, such approaches are computationally costly when compared to fixed length matching schemes. In this paper, we explore systematic methods for identifying appropriate distance metrics for a given database or language. This is achieved by learning query specific distance functions which can be computed online efficiently. We show that a weighted Euclidean distance can outperform DTW for matching word images. This class of distance functions are also ideal for scalability and large scale matching. Our results are validated with mean Average Precision (mAP) on a fully annotated data set of 160K word images. We then show that the learnt distance functions can even be extended to a new database to obtain accurate retrieval.
Effect of dl-amphetamine sulfate and its isomers on intestinal motility. (1951)

The effect of dl -amphetamine sulfate and its two isomers was studied on the propulsive motility of the small intestine in intact unanesthetized rats and dogs. All three agents significantly decreased the propulsive motility of the small intestine in both groups of animals; they were for the main part equipotent in their action.
Phenylpropanes from<i>Acorus tatarinowii</i> (2000)

In addition to a number of known compounds, four new phenylpropanes isoacoramone, (cis) epoxyasarone, (threo) 1',2'-dihydroxyasarone and (erythro) 1',2'-dihydroxyasarone were obtained from the roots of Acorus tatarinowii ("Shi-Chang-Pu" in Chinese). The later two isomers were obtained as a mixture. However, all the chemical shifts of the protons and carbons for these two components were assigned by 1D- and 2D-NMR techniques.
Ionospheric Radio (1990)

This book is aimed at professional scientists, engineers and students who need an intermediate-level reference and/or text. Students of aeronomy and radio wave propagation are introduced to basic wave theory in absorbing, anisotropic and dispersive media and to the physics of production, loss, and movement of plasma in the ionosphere presence of the geomagnetic field.
Etching 0.35 μm polysilicon gates on a high-density helicon etcher (1996)

This article describes an evaluation of a helicon high-density plasma etch tool for etching 0.35 μm polysilicon gates. The objective of the evaluation was to establish whether it is possible to etch 0.35 μm lines of both doped and undoped polysilicon (simultaneously) while maintaining straight profiles across the wafer and a very high polysilicon-to-oxide selectivity. Several high-density plasma (HDP) polysilicon etch tools for 0.35 μm technology have been tested at Texas Instruments. It is known that HDP tools operating at low pressures can obtain high polysilicon etch rates and anisotropic etch profiles. Most of the HDP sources utilize two separate radio-frequency (rf) power supplies; one to generate the high-density plasma and a second to bias the chuck. This allows relatively independent control of the ion density and the ion energy. It is possible to attain high polysilicon-to-oxide selectivity in the overetch step by using a high flux (high rf power to the plasma) of low energy (low rf power to the chuck) ions. This high selectivity is particularly important when long overetches are required with thin gate oxides.
Anticonvulsant effect of anterior thalamic high frequency electrical stimulation in the rat (1997)

Evidence suggests that a specific subcortical pathway synaptically linking the anterior thalamic nuclear complex (AN) to the hypothalamus and midbrain is important in the expression of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) seizures. Perturbation of neuronal activity along this path via focal disruption or chemical inhibition significantly raises seizure threshold. Recent data has demonstrated that focal electrical stimulation within the hypothalamic component of this pathway inhibited seizure expression in a current and frequency dependent fashion. Similar experiments were conducted in the AN to investigate the hypothesis that stimulation of this thalamic nuclear region can prevent the propagation of PTZ seizures between cortical and subcortical regions. Our results indicate that high frequency (100 Hz) stimulation of AN did not alter the expression of low dose PTZ induced cortical bursting but did raise the clonic seizure threshold compared to naive animals or those stimulated at sites near, but not in AN (P < 0.01). Low frequency stimulation (8 Hz) was in contrast, proconvulsant and could induce behavioral arrest responses accompanied by rhythmic high voltage EEG even without PTZ challenge. This data further highlights the role of AN in mediating the expression of seizures and provides experimental support for the concept that this thalamic region may be a promising target for focal stimulation to treat intractable seizures in humans.
Labile trace elements in lunar meteorite Yamato-86032 (1990)

Contents of siderophile Au, Co and Sb, mobile Ag, Bi, Cd, In, Se, Te, Tl and Zn and lithophile Cs, Ga, Rb and U were determined by RNAA in samples of the lunar meteorite (anorthositic breccia) Yamato (Y)-86032. Contents of the 4 lithophiles in matrix (, 75AM) and anorthositic clast (, 101AC) are similar to those in samples of the other 3 lunar meteorites. This is consistent with all these anorthositic breccias being from the lunar highlands. Contents of the other 11 elements indicate a micrometeorite component of 2.5±1.1% (Cl-equivalent) in the parent regolith of Y-86032,75AM. This value is unusual for lunar samples and is virtually identical to the value for the paired samples Y-82192/3 found in the same bare ice region, suggesting that these 3 specimens derive from the same lunar region in the same impact. No micrometeorite component is detectable in Y-86032,101AC. Slight compositional differences between Y-82192/3 and Y-86032 indicate that they did not travel Earthward as a single rock. Allan Hills-81005 and Y-791197 each exhibit characteristic siderophile/mobile element patterns indicating deviation from different parent regions in separate events. Hence, the 5 lunar meteorites studied thus far derive from 3 distinct impacts.
Crash simulation evolution and its impact on R&amp;D in the automotive applications (2009)

This paper analyses the impact of the virtual tool 'crash simulation' on automotive Research and Development (R&D) over the last 35 years. The research carried out in this context identifies and investigates distinct phases, respectively stages of the potential of crash simulations based on the Finite Element Method (FEM) and the stages' impact on automotive R&D in-depth. In a study of German Original Equipment Manufacturers' (OEM) utilisation of crash simulations, the evolution of this tool is explored and its impact on productivity and problem-solving investigated. We draw upon literature about crash simulations in car development projects, the utilisation of crash simulations in related tasks and recent literature about the overall impact of crash simulations on automotive R&D. The significance of the tool 'crash simulation' for the OEMs is emphasised by means of corresponding landmark projects. Our study is based on qualitative research based on 29 in-depth interviews with experts from all of the major German OEMs and experts from the US academia. Our analysis results in partitioning the tool's evolution into five phases. Each phase is characterised by its impact on automotive R&D. The phases induced profound changes either in productivity or in the ability of problem-solving. Understanding these profound changes and its triggers holds the key to better understanding the potential of virtual simulation tools and the requirements necessary to unlock this potential.
Dual-mode vector-quantized low-rate cordless videophone systems for indoors and outdoors applications (1997)

Dual-mode reconfigurable wireless videophone transceivers are proposed for noise-, rather than interference-limited indoors and outdoors applications and their video quality, bit rate, robustness, and complexity issues are analyzed. A suite of fixed, but arbitrarily programmable low-rate, perceptually weighted vector quantized (VQ) codecs with and without run-length compression (RLC) are contrived for quarter common intermediate format (QCIF) videophone sequences. The 11.36-kb/s Codec 1 is Bose-Chaudhuri-Hochquenghem (BCH) (127,71,9) coded to a rate of 20.32 kb/s and this arrangement is comparatively studied along with the 8-kb/s Codec 2 and BCH (127,50,13) scheme, which has the same 20.32-kb/s overall rate. The source-sensitivity matched Systems 1-6 characterized in a table were contrived to comparatively study the range of system design options. For example, using Codec 1 in System 1 and coherent pilot symbol assisted 16-level quadrature amplitude modulation (16-PSAQAM), an overall signaling rate of 9 kBd was yielded, if the noise-limited channel had a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in excess of about 22 dB in the vicinity of the basestation or in indoors scenarios. In contrast, over lower quality outdoors channels near the fringes of the cell, the more robust 4-QAM mode of operation had to be invoked, which required twice as many time slots to accommodate the resulting 18-kBd stream and hence, reduced the total number of users supported. The robustness of Systems 2-4, and 6 was increased using automatic repeat requests (ARQ), again, inevitably reducing the number of users supported, which was between 6 and 16. In a bandwidth of 200 kHz, similarly to the Pan-European GSM mobile radio system's speech channel, using Systems 1, 3, 4, or 5, for example, 16 and eight videophone users can be supported in the 16- and 4-QAM modes, respectively, while in dual-mode cells the number of users is between eight and 16. The basic system characteristics are highlighted.
Traffic Flow Measurement: Meter MIB (1999)

The RTFM Traffic Measurement Architecture provides a general framework for describing and measuring network traffic flows.Flows are defined in terms of their Address Attribute values and measured by a 'Traffic Meter'.This document defines a Management Information Base (MIB) for use in controlling an RTFM Traffic Meter, in particular for specifying the flows to be measured.It also provides an efficient mechanism for retrieving flow data from the meter using SNMP.Security issues concerning the operation of traffic meters are summarised.
Photoaddition Reaction of 1,4-Dibromo-2,5-piperazinedione with Cyclohexene (1983)

Abstract The photo-induced addition reaction of 1,4-dibromo-2,5-piperazinedione (1) with cyclohexene in acetonitrile gave 1 : 1-adducts[1-(2-bromocyclohexyl)-2,5-piperazinediones] and 1 : 2-adducts[1,4-bis(2-bromocyclohexyl)-2,5-piperazinediones] besides 3-bromocyclohexene, 1,2-dibromocyclohexane, and a solvent-incorporated product, trans-2-acetylamino-2-bromocyclohexane. Stereochemistry of the adducts was elucidated and mechanism of the addition reaction was discussed.
Predicting Appropriate Provisions for IT in Bulding Services (1994)

Future predictions about information technology (IT) are important to building services designers and managers, because they provide the necessary basis for decisions on what may or may not be appropriate service provisions in current building projects. This paper will describe an orientation to IT based on the idea that the ways in which we think about and conceive of a new technology have important and direct influence on the particular technology's ultimate impact. The paper will illustrate a series of common perceptions about IT: a new medium for expression; a new form of mass communication; an artificial intelligence; a ubiquitous facility. Each different metaphor tells us something different about the future impact of IT. These implications will be identified and considered in the paper.
High code rate error correction code design for partial response systems (2001)

In recent years, code designers have been interested in finding high code rate solutions for coded partial response systems. The focus of the attention has been given to increasing the code rate of modulation codes. In this paper we turn our attention to increasing the code rate of error correction codes designed fur partial response systems. An analysis of low distance preceded input error events illustrates how an error correction code should exploit the structure of these error events in order to achieve an increase in rode rate. We describe a method of using a combination of interleaved Reed-Solomon codes interspersed with uncoded bits to achieve a higher code rate than the classical ECC solution. Simulation results suggest good performance of this scheme.