gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of the deposition conditions and annealing process on the crystallinity and superconducting properties of high-<i>T<sub>c</sub></i>multilayers (1999)

On the basis of successful fabrications of multilayers based on NdBa2Cu3O7- (NBCO) using Sr2AlTaO6 (SAT), Sr2AlNbO6 and lanthanum doped SAT, LaxSr2-xAlTaO6 (LSAT) as insulators, we have systematically investigated the effect of deposition conditions and the annealing process on the crystallinity and superconducting properties of multilayers. It was found that the superconducting properties of the bottom NBCO layers were dependent on both the post-annealing process and the deposition conditions of multilayers. The insulator layers deposited at the same substrate temperature for growth of NBCO films had very good crystallinity. However, the bilayers showed relatively low Tc0 (~80-85 K) even after annealing and rough surfaces. Since both the smooth surface and the epitaxial quality are the essential requirements for further epitaxial growth in multilayer technology, it is necessary to balance the crystallinity against the surface and superconducting properties by optimizing deposition conditions. High-Tc multilayers with excellent superconductivity have been fabricated at a relatively low substrate temperature and high oxygen partial pressure.
Trimethylsilyl<i>bis</i>(Fluorosulfonyl)imide : An Efficient Catalyst for the Addition of Trimethylsilyl Cyanide to Carbonyl Compounds (1996)

Abstract In the presence of 1 mol% of trimethylsilyl bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, trimethylsilyl cyanide adds efficiently to carbonyl compounds. The catalyst has been found to be more active than trimethylsilyl triflate for the above reaction.
Interaction of Neomycin with Phosphoinositide Metabolism in Guinea Pig Inner Ear and Brain Tissues (1974)

Phospholipids of guinea pig inner ear tissues were labeled in vivo by perfusing the perilymphatic spaces with 32 P-labeled inorganic phosphate. The most highly labeled lipids obtained after a 45 min incubation time were phosphatidylinositol phosphate and phosphatidylinositol diphosphate. 32 P-incorporation into the latter in the Organ of Corti was significantly decreased in guinea pigs previously treated with neomycin (100 mg/kg body weight) for 21 days. In in vitro experiments with subcellular fractions of guinea pig cerebral cortex, neomycin (10 −4 M) altered the labeling of the polyphosphoinositides from γ −32 P-ATP and inhibited their hydrolysis. It is suggested that neomycin toxicity is mediated by an inhibition of polyphosphoinositide turnover.
The Role of SGLT1 and GLUT2 in Intestinal Glucose Transport and Sensing (2014)

Intestinal glucose absorption is mediated by SGLT1 whereas GLUT2 is considered to provide basolateral exit. Recently, it was proposed that GLUT2 can be recruited into the apical membrane after a high luminal glucose bolus allowing bulk absorption of glucose by facilitated diffusion. Moreover, SGLT1 and GLUT2 are suggested to play an important role in intestinal glucose sensing and incretin secretion. In mice that lack either SGLT1 or GLUT2 we re-assessed the role of these transporters in intestinal glucose uptake after radiotracer glucose gavage and performed Western blot analysis for transporter abundance in apical membrane fractions in a comparative approach. Moreover, we examined the contribution of these transporters to glucose-induced changes in plasma GIP, GLP-1 and insulin levels. In mice lacking SGLT1, tissue retention of tracer glucose was drastically reduced throughout the entire small intestine whereas GLUT2-deficient animals exhibited higher tracer contents in tissue samples than wild type animals. Deletion of SGLT1 resulted also in reduced blood glucose elevations and abolished GIP and GLP-1 secretion in response to glucose. In mice lacking GLUT2, glucose-induced insulin but not incretin secretion was impaired. Western blot analysis revealed unchanged protein levels of SGLT1 after glucose gavage. GLUT2 detected in apical membrane fractions mainly resulted from contamination with basolateral membranes but did not change in density after glucose administration. SGLT1 is unequivocally the prime intestinal glucose transporter even at high luminal glucose concentrations. Moreover, SGLT1 mediates glucose-induced incretin secretion. Our studies do not provide evidence for GLUT2 playing any role in either apical glucose influx or incretin secretion.
Remote light-controlled intracellular target recognition by photochromic fluorescent glycoprobes (2017)

Development of powerful fluorescence imaging probes and techniques sets the basis for the spatiotemporal tracking of cells at different physiological and pathological stages. While current imaging approaches rely on passive probe-analyte interactions, here we develop photochromic fluorescent glycoprobes capable of remote light-controlled intracellular target recognition. Conjugation between a fluorophore and spiropyran produces the photochromic probe, which is subsequently equipped with a glycoligand "antenna" to actively localize a target cell expressing a selective receptor. We demonstrate that the amphiphilic glycoprobes that form micelles in water can selectively enter the target cell to operate photochromic cycling as controlled by alternate UV/Vis irradiations. We further show that remote light conversion of the photochromic probe from one isomeric state to the other activates its reactivity toward a target intracellular analyte, producing locked fluorescence that is no longer photoisomerizable. We envision that this research may spur the use of photochromism for the development of bioimaging probes.Fluorescence sensing in biological environments is prone to background signal interference. Here the authors design a photochromic fluorescent glycoprobe for light-controlled photo-switchable cell imaging and photo-activated target recognition, resulting in an increased sensing precision.
Alkaline Phosphatase Fusions to the Respiratory Syncytial Virus F Protein as an Approach to Analyze Its Membrane Topology (1989)

Manoil and Beckwith (1985) have constructed a transposon, TnphoA, that permits the generation of hybrid proteins composed of alkaline phosphatase (AP) lacking its signal peptide fused to amino-terminal sequences of other proteins. This transposon has been used to localize export signals and analyze membrane topology of bacterial proteins. We have applied this approach to the membrane fusion protein (F) of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). The transposon TnphoA and a plasmid directing bacterial expression of the F gene were used to construct F-AP hybrids. These hybrids yielded AP activity, indicating the presence of viral sequences that promoted protein transport through the cytoplasmic membrane. Sequence analysis showed that TnphoA was inserted at four different positions within the F1 subunit. Deletion of the hydrophobic F1 amino-terminus (fusion-related domain) resulted in AP transport to the periplasm, suggesting that the hydrophobic amino-terminus of the F2 subunit is sufficient to promote protein export. Some hybrids were apparently cleaved at or near the F2/F1 junction. The periplasmic localization of an uncleaved hybrid strongly suggested that the fusion-related domain of the F protein, when in the uncleaved F0 precursor, can be moved across the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane. Although these results apply to the recombinant F protein, they agree with the presumed signal sequence and membrane topology of the native F glycoprotein. Thus, this method may be useful in determining membrane topology and in localizing important domains of viral proteins.
Photolability evaluation of the new cytostatic drug mitonafide. (1994)

A qualitative and quantitative study on the stability of the new cytostatic drug mitonafide (N-[2-(dimethyl-amino) ethyl]-3-nitronaphthalimide, CAS 54824-17-8) against UVA, UVC and visible radiations was carried out. Initially a test with controlled lighting on samples from mitonafide solution is carried out. This test include the determination of the protector effect of different kinds of glasses (clear and amber glass). The results achieved are verified by means of a test in normal lighting conditions (direct sun light, normal laboratory lighting and darkness). High mitonafide photodecomposition, deeper against UVA radiation, requires conservation of raw material in darkness. Similarly UV sterilizing radiations must be avoided in sterile rooms during manufacture. The use of amber glass ampoules is not enough to protect parenteral solutions from radiations. Direct sunlight must be avoided in the manufacture, control tests and administration in perfusion of pharmaceutical dosage forms, although artificial light can be used during short periods of time.
LDPC codes for gaussian broadcast channels (2005)

We study coding over a class of two-user broadcast channels with additive white Gaussian noise and fading known at the receivers only. Joint decoding of low-density parity-check codes is analyzed. The message update rule at the mapping node linking the users' codes is derived and is shown to exhibit an interesting soft interference cancellation property. Good degree distributions are found using the differential evolution optimization technique and extrinsic information transfer analysis. The corresponding codes have rates close to the boundary of the achievable region for binary constrained input channels, both with and without fading. Simulation results for moderate blocklength show that the optimized codes operate within 1 dB of their thresholds.
dBm output power from an engineered cladding-pumped Yb-free EDFA for L-band WDM applications (2002)

We have demonstrated a saturated output power of +26 dBm with a cladding-pumped Yb-free erbium-doped fiber amplifier owing to the matching of the multimode pumps wavelength with the erbium absorption spectrum. These results corresponded to saturated output powers of +23 dBm with a single multimode module and +26 dBm with two sources used in combination. Moreover, in the flat-gain regime, an output power of +24 dBm has been obtained for only 1.76 W launched pump power. Since the amplifier incorporated only packaged devices, this will make its gain flatness characteristics and high output powers available soon for the next generations of high bit-rate WDM systems.
Interaction of colloidal gold‐labelled glucosylated albumin with endothelial cell monolayers: Comparison between cryofixation and glutaraldehyde fixation (1995)

Bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC) were exposed to glucosylated albumin-gold complexes (GgA), and the distribution of the tracers was compared after cryofixation and after glutaraldehyde fixation. Morphometric analysis revealed differences in the GgA distribution depending upon the method of fixation used. In BAEC monolayers cryofixed after 3 min of incubation with GgA, tracer was observed in predominately apically located vesicular elements. After 16 min of incubation, all vesicular elements were labelled, and multivesicular bodies were the prominent labelled structure. In contrast, chemically fixed monolayers exhibited a heterogeneous distribution of GgA within vesicular profiles after 3 min and 16 min of GgA incubation. The differences in tracer distribution depending upon the fixation method must be resolved before the mechanism of vesicle-mediated endothelial cell transport function is defined and universally accepted.
The Orientation of Oxidation of 2, 3-Diphenyl-7-hydroxyindole and Its N-Methyl Derivative with the Fremy's Salt : Studies on the Heterocyclic Quinones. I (1970)

Oxidation of 2, 3-diphenyl-7-hydroxyindole (VI) with Fremy's salt, [ON (SO3K)2] gave 4, 7-dihydro-2, 3-diphenylindole-4, 7-dione (X), mp 226-227°, (yield, 20%), 6, 7-dihydro-2, 3-diphenylindole-6, 7-dione (XII), mp>280°, (yield, 61%). By the same reaction, its N-methyl derivative (VII) afforded 6, 7-dihydro-2, 3-diphenyl-1-methylindole-6, 7-dione (XXI), mp 251-253°, (yield, 38.5%), as a sole product.
Traditional Carbonate Classification Documented Digitally in 3D with Micro CT Scanning (2009)

Carbonates are heterogeneous; their pore space is complex; and, as a result, their properties are challenging to predict. The new digital-rock technology helps quantify the pore space of these sediments, which eventually leads to a breakthrough in building relations between various rock properties and understanding their link to the pore-space geometry.
Snx14 Regulates Neuronal Excitability, Promotes Synaptic Transmission, and Is Imprinted in the Brain of Mice (2014)

Genomic imprinting describes an epigenetic process through which genes can be expressed in a parent-of-origin-specific manner. The monoallelic expression of imprinted genes renders them particularly susceptible to disease causing mutations. A large proportion of imprinted genes are expressed in the brain, but little is known about their functions. Indeed, it has proven difficult to identify cell type-specific imprinted genes due to the heterogeneity of cell types within the brain. Here we used laser capture microdissection of visual cortical neurons and found evidence that sorting nexin 14 (Snx14) is a neuronally imprinted gene in mice. SNX14 protein levels are high in the brain and progressively increase during neuronal development and maturation. Snx14 knockdown reduces intrinsic excitability and severely impairs both excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission. These data reveal a role for monoallelic Snx14 expression in maintaining normal neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission.
Analysis of the Effectiveness-Efficiency Dependence for Image Retrieval. (2000)

Similarity search in image database is commonly implemented as nearest-neighbor search in a feature space of the images. For that purpose, a large number of different features as well as different search algorithms have been proposed in literature. While the efficiency aspect of similarity search has attracted a great interest in the past few years, the effectiveness of the search was often neglected. In this work, however, we argue that these two measures interplay with each other. The longer the feature representation is, the better the quality of the retrieval gets, but the larger the execution costs become. In other words, an improvement in effectiveness leads to a deterioration of performance and vice versa. The aim of this work is to explicitly take both measures into account to optimize the retrieval both form a quality perspective and a performance perspective. To this end, we define a benchmark including a measure for the efficiency and the effectiveness of a feature. Then one can compare different features or feature combinations using simple two-dimensional plots. Based on the quality and performance constraints of a user, the search engine can easily determine the optimal feature or feature combination. Finally, we have applied our benchmark to a large number of different feature types to compare their effectiveness-efficiency relationship. 1
Sevoflurane and Lumbar Cerebrospinal Fluid (2000)

Department of Anesthesiology University of WashingtonSeattle, Washington 98104-2499artlam@u.washington.eduTo the Editor:—Talke et al. 1recently reported that sevoflurane increases lumbar cerebrospinal fluid pressure (LCSFP) in normocapnic patients undergoing transsphenoidal hypophysectomy. The authors should be congratulated for simply reporting their observations without speculating on the cause of the increase in LCSFP. The authors correctly pointed out that this increase in LCSFP is significant but clinically irrelevant and observed that the increase in LCSFP is at variance to previously reported results from our group. 2They also pointed out that our baseline results were obtained during 70% nitrous oxide; therefore, the lack of increase in intracranial pressure with sevoflurane that we observed could be reinterpreted as sevoflurane having the same effect as 70% nitrous oxide. We would like to point out that there are two other interpretations that the authors might have missed: (1) In our study, the intracranial pressure is measured using an intraparenchymal fiberoptic catheter. This is generally considered to be more accurate than LCSFP. Although changes in the latter are valid, factors other than cerebral physiology may be involved. (2) The authors measured baseline LCSFP values during propofol–nitrous oxide anesthesia. Because propofol is a cerebral vasoconstricting agent, whereas sevoflurane is not, a more appropriate interpretation of the authors’ data is that LCSFP is higher during sevoflurane anesthesia compared with propofol–nitrous oxide anesthesia.As published, the title of the article is misleading because it implies that sevoflurane anesthesia increases LCSFP compared with unanesthetized patients. With all studies, the choice of the control group is critically important and affects the interpretation of the observations.
Use of scaled plastic models in turbomachinery foundation studies (1978)

The static and dynamic behavior of turbomachinery foundations can be investigated by use of scaled plastic models. Experimental data from various model investigations show that resonant frequencies, mode shapes, and average response levels can be obtained in the laboratory. Accuracy is dependent on the degree to which similitude requirements are met. This paper reviews the techniques that are used to design, construct, and test scaled plastic models. Model deflection and vibration spectra are compared with measurements made on full-size structures and calculated from analytical models. The results show that laboratory models can be used to optimize a given structural design or verify the adequacy of a complex analytical model.
Advances in nonlinear and switchable photonic metamaterials (2011)

The emergence and increased prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment may pose a serious global health concern. This study evaluates the abundance of several ARGs in bacterial and bacteriophage DNA via real-time qPCR in samples from five different sampling points in Tunisia; three wastewater treatment plants (WWTP 1, 2 and 3) and wastewater from two abattoirs slaughtering different animals. Results are compared with those obtained in the Barcelona area, in northeast Spain. Eight ARGs were quantified by qPCR from total and phage DNA fraction from the samples. Three β-lactamases (bla(TEM), bla(CTX-M) cluster 1 and bla(CTX-M) cluster 9), two quinolone resistance genes (qnrA and qnrS), the mecA gene that confers resistance to methicillin in Staphylococcus aureus, the emerging armA gene, conferring resistance to aminoglycosides and sul1, the most extended gene conferring resistance to sulfonamides, were evaluated. Sul1 and bla(TEM) were the most prevalent ARGs detected at all five Tunisian sampling points, similarly with the observations in Barcelona. bla(CTX-M-9) was more prevalent than bla(CTX-M-1) both in bacterial and DNA within phage particles in all samples analysed. mecA and armA were almost absent in Tunisian waters from human or animal origin in contrast with Barcelona that showed a medium prevalence. qnrA was more prevalent than qnrS in bacterial and phage DNA from all sampling points. In conclusion, our study shows that ARGs are found in the bacterial and is reflected in the phage DNA fraction of human and animal wastewaters. The densities of each ARGs vary depending on the ARGs shed by each population and is determined by the characteristics of each area. Thus, the evaluation of ARGs in wastewaters seems to be suitable as marker reflecting the antibiotic resistance patterns of a population.
Supramolecular Architectures with π-Acidic 3,6-Bis(2-pyridyl)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine Cavities: Role of Anion−π Interactions in the Remarkable Stability of Fe(II) Metallacycles in Solution (2013)

The comprehensive investigation reported herein provides compelling evidence that anion-π interactions are the main driving force in the formation of self-assembled Fe(II)-templated metallacycles with bptz [3,6-bis(2-pyridyl)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine] in high yields. It was demonstrated by X-ray crystallography, (1)H NMR, solution and solid-state MAS (19)F NMR spectroscopies, CV and MS studies that the anions [X](-) = [BF(4)](-), [ClO(4)](-) and the anions [Y](-) = [SbF(6)](-), [AsF(6)](-), [PF(6)](-) template molecular squares [Fe(4)(bptz)(4)(CH(3)CN)(8)][X](8) and pentagons [Fe(5)(bptz)(5)(CH(3)CN)(10)][Y](10), respectively. The X-ray structures of [{Fe(4)(bptz)(4)(CH(3)CN)(8)}⊂BF(4)][BF(4)](7) and [{Fe(5)(bptz)(5)(CH(3)CN)(10)}⊂2SbF(6)][SbF(6)](8) revealed that the [BF(4)](-) and [SbF(6)](-) anions occupy the π-acidic cavities, establishing close directional F···C(tetrazine) contacts with the tetrazine rings that are by ~0.4 Å shorter than the sum of the F···C van der Waals radii (ΣR(vdW) F···C = 3.17 Å). The number and strength of F···C(tetrazine) contacts are maximized; the F···C(tetrazine) distances and anion positioning versus the polygon opposing tetrazine rings are in agreement with DFT calculations for C(2)N(4)R(2)···[X](-)···C(2)N(4)R(2) (R = F, CN; [X](-) = [BF(4)](-), [PF(6)](-)). In unprecedented solid-state (19)F MAS NMR studies, the templating anions, engaged in anion-π interactions in the solid state, exhibit downfield chemical shifts Δδ((19)F) ≈ 3.5-4.0 ppm versus peripheral anions. NMR, CV, and MS studies also establish that the Fe(II) metallacycles remain intact in solution. Additionally, interconversion studies between the Fe(II) metallacycles in solution, monitored by (1)H NMR spectroscopy, underscore the remarkable stability of the metallapentacycles [Fe(5)(bptz)(5)(CH(3)CN)(10)][PF(6)](10) ≪ [Fe(5)(bptz)(5)(CH(3)CN)(10)][SbF(6)](10) < [Fe(5)(bptz)(5)(CH(3)CN)(10)][AsF(6)](10) versus [Fe(4)(bptz)(4)(CH(3)CN)(8)][BF(4)](8), given the inherent angle strain in five-membered rings. Finally, the low anion activation energies of encapsulation (ΔG(‡) ≈ 50 kJ/mol), determined from variable-temperature (19)F NMR studies for [Fe(5)(bptz)(5)(CH(3)CN)(10)][PF(6)](10) and [Zn(4)(bptz)(4)(CH(3)CN)(8)][BF(4)](8), confirm anion encapsulation in the π-acidic cavities by anion-π contacts (~20-70 kJ/mol).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESE VON 6,7‐DICHLOR‐5‐PHENYL‐1H‐THIENO(2,3‐E)1,4‐DIAZEPIN‐2(3H)‐ON (1973)

Abstract Ausgehend von 2‐Nitro‐thiophen (I) wird über die Stufen (II)‐(VI) das Derivat (VII) synthetisiert, das sich beim Erhitzen mit Ameisensäure zu der Titelverbindung (VIIIa) cyclisiert.
Procedures, Synchronization, and Automation (2003)

Around midnight on a stormy night, a medium-sized commercial jet was making its way into a midwestern airport. For the crew, this was the last flight in a four-day trip, with numerous takeoffs and landings, many hours of flying, and too little sleep.
The influence of physiological state and dietary nitrogen supply on digestion in the dairy cow (1990)

International audience
Measured performance and predicted transmission loss of plug mufflers (1981)

Predicted transmission loss characteristics of plug mufflers are compared to measurements of both transmission loss and insertion loss. A plug muffler is a cross flow expansion and a cross flow contraction perforated tube element connected in series. The predictions were based on transfer matrix calculations using a decoupling approach which gives closed form expressions for the matrix terms [K. Jayaraman and K. Yam, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 69, 390–396 (1981)]. Transmission loss measurements with and without flow were made on an impedance tube with a horn-driver as a noise source. Insertion loss measurements were made on the impedance tube, a cold flow facility, and on an engine. Results (zero) are shown for Mach numbers from 0–0.18 at ambient and elevated temperatures. The agreement between the measured and predicted results is excellent.