gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The effects of flavoxate hydrochloride on voltage‐dependent L‐type Ca<sup>2+</sup> currents in human urinary bladder (2005)

The effects of flavoxate hydrochloride (Bladderon, piperidinoethyl-3-methylflavone-8-carboxylate; hereafter referred as flavoxate) on voltage-dependent nifedipine-sensitive inward Ba(2+) currents in human detrusor myocytes were investigated using a conventional whole-cell patch-clamp. Tension measurement was also performed to study the effects of flavoxate on K(+)-induced contraction in human urinary bladder. Flavoxate caused a concentration-dependent reduction of the K(+)-induced contraction of human urinary bladder. In human detrusor myocytes, flavoxate inhibited the peak amplitude of voltage-dependent nifedipine-sensitive inward Ba(2+) currents in a voltage- and concentration-dependent manner (K(i) = 10 microM), and shifted the steady-state inactivation curve of Ba(2+) currents to the left at a holding potential of -90 mV. Immunohistochemical studies indicated the presence of the alpha(1C) subunit protein, which is a constituent of human L-type Ca(2+) channels (Ca(V)1.2), in the bundles of human detrusor smooth muscle. These results suggest that flavoxate caused muscle relaxation through the inhibition of L-type Ca(2+) channels in human detrusor.
Silver(I) catalyzed rearrangements of strained .sigma. bonds. 38. Regiospecificity of cyclopropylidene carbon-hydrogen insertion reactions within [m.n.1]propellane frameworks (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSilver(I) catalyzed rearrangements of strained .sigma. bonds. 38. Regiospecificity of cyclopropylidene carbon-hydrogen insertion reactions within [m.n.1]propellane frameworksLeo A. Paquette, Ernest Chamot, and Alan R. BrowneCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 2, 637–643Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00522a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00522a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views275Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Direct Observation of Microgel Erosion via in-Liquid Atomic Force Microscopy (2010)

Degradable hydrogel particles have been integrated into a variety of biomedical applications, but there are no studies to date illustrating the detailed morphological changes that occur in single microgels during erosion in complex media. Herein, we use ambient and in-liquid atomic force microscopy (AFM) to interrogate changes in morphology of substrate-supported microgels synthesized from poly(N-isopropylmethacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) cross-linked with a hydrolyzable cross-linker (N,O-dimethacryloyl hydroxylamine). Erosion was monitored under physiological conditions (37 °C in serum-supplemented PBS). At early time points of erosion, the microgel swelling capacity increases due to the hydrolysis of the cross-linker and a concomitant decrease in network connectivity. After longer erosion times and extensive polymer loss, the remnant degraded microgel reveals a high polymer density toward the center of the particle with a low-density corona, which most likely results from internal cross-linking of the polymer. These detailed morphological changes illustrate the complex nature of erodible microgels, which would be difficult to observe using ensemble-averaged analyses.
INCOMPRESSIBLE SPH METHOD FOR CONSIDERATION OF PHENOMENON OF THE TOE SCOUR OF A SEAWALL (2016)

海岸構造物は，津波による海岸侵食・構造物周りの洗掘により倒壊する可能性がある．津波による砂地盤洗掘を数値解析により再現を試みた例は少ない．砂地盤洗掘を再現するためには，複雑な水面変形の追跡ができ，砂移動を同時に解析できる数値モデルが必要である．そこで本研究では，高精度ISPH法を用いて大規模実験による護岸前面洗掘の再現計算を行った．その結果，第1波の波形及び流速を，高い計算精度で再現することができた．また，洗掘挙動の再現も可能であることを示した．
Lack of Truncated IFITM3 Transcripts in Cells Homozygous for the rs12252-C Variant That is Associated With Severe Influenza Infection (2017)

Interferon-induced transmembrane 3 (IFITM3) is known to restrict the entry of a range of enveloped viruses. The single nucleotide polymorphism rs12252-C within IFITM3 has been shown to be associated with severe influenza A virus infection. It has been suggested that rs12252-C results in expression of a truncated IFITM3 protein lacking the first 21 amino acids. By performing high-throughput RNA sequencing on primary dendritic cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from pandemic H1N1 influenza and human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infected patients we show that full-length IFITM3 mRNA is dominantly expressed (>99%) across all rs12252 genotypes. Full-length IFITM3 protein can be detected in all genotypes.
Variable Partition Models (1996)

In the standard two-party model the input (x, y) is partitioned in a fixed way. That is, Alice always gets x and Bob always gets y. In this chapter we discuss models in which the partition of the input among the players is not fixed. The main motivation for these models is that in many cases we wish to use communication complexity lower bounds to obtain lower bounds in other models of computation. This would typically require finding a communication complexity problem “hidden” somewhere in the computation that the model under consideration must perform. Because in such a model the input usually is not partitioned into two distinct sets x1, …, xn and y1, …, yn, such a partition must be given by the reduction. In some cases the partition can be figured out and fixed. In some other cases we must use arguments regarding any partition (of a certain kind). That is, we require a model where the partition is not fixed beforehand but the protocol determines the partition (independently of the particular input). Several such “variable partition models” are discussed in this chapter.
Effects of age of serotonin 5-HT2 receptors in cocaine abusers and normal subjects (1995)

We measured the effect of age on serotonin 5-HT2 receptor availability and compared it with the effects on dopamine D2 receptors on 19 chronic cocaine abusers (35.2{plus_minus}9.8 years, range 18-54 years old) and 19 age matched normal controls using positron emission tomography (PET) and F-18 N-methylspiperone (NMS). 5-HT2 Receptor availability was measure din frontal (FR), occipital (OC), cingulate (CI) and orbitofrontal (OF) cortices using the ratio of the distribution volume in the region of interest to that in the cerebelium (CB) which is a function of Bmax/Kd. D2 receptor availability in the basal ganglia was measured using the {open_quotes}ratio index{close_quotes} (slope of striatum/CB versus time over 180 min of the scan) which is a function of Bmax. 5-HT2 Receptor availability differed among regions and were as follows: CI>OF>OC>FC.5-HT2 Receptor availability decreased significantly with age. This effect was more accentuated for 5-HT2 receptor availability in FR than in OC(df=1, p<0.025). Striatal dopamine D2 receptors were also found to decrease significantly with age (r=0.63, p<0.007). In a given subject, D2 receptor availability was significantly correlated with 5-HT2 receptor availability in FR (r=0.51, p<0.035) but not in OC. The values for 5-HT2 receptor availability were not different in normal subjects and cocaine abusers.more » These results document a decline in 5-HT2 and D2 receptors with age and document an association between frontal 5-HT2 and striatal D2 receptor availability. These results did not show any changes in 5-HT2 receptor availability in cocaine abusers as compared to control subjects.« less
Effects of Myocardial Infarction on the Distribution and Transport of Nutrients and Oxygen in Porcine Myocardium (2012)

One of the primary limitations of cell therapy for myocardial infarction is the low survival of transplanted cells, with a loss of up to 80% of cells within 3 days of delivery. The aims of this study were to investigate the distribution of nutrients and oxygen in infarcted myocardium and to quantify how macromolecular transport properties might affect cell survival. Transmural myocardial infarction was created by controlled cryoablation in pigs. At 30 days post-infarction, oxygen and metabolite levels were measured in the peripheral skeletal muscle, normal myocardium, the infarct border zone, and the infarct interior. The diffusion coefficients of fluorescein or FITC-labeled dextran (0.3-70 kD) were measured in these tissues using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching. The vascular density was measured via endogenous alkaline phosphatase staining. To examine the influence of these infarct conditions on cells therapeutically used in vivo, skeletal myoblast survival and differentiation were studied in vitro under the oxygen and glucose concentrations measured in the infarct tissue. Glucose and oxygen concentrations, along with vascular density were significantly reduced in infarct when compared to the uninjured myocardium and infarct border zone, although the degree of decrease differed. The diffusivity of molecules smaller than 40 kD was significantly higher in infarct center and border zone as compared to uninjured heart. Skeletal myoblast differentiation and survival were decreased stepwise from control to hypoxia, starvation, and ischemia conditions. Although oxygen, glucose, and vascular density were significantly reduced in infarcted myocardium, the rate of macromolecular diffusion was significantly increased, suggesting that diffusive transport may not be inhibited in infarct tissue, and thus the supply of nutrients to transplanted cells may be possible. in vitro studies mimicking infarct conditions suggest that increasing nutrients available to transplanted cells may significantly increase their ability to survive in infarct.
Visualization of Vortex Shedding at the Proximal Side-To-End Artery-Graft Anastomosis (1996)

The motion of guanine particles was recorded by video to visualize transitional flow phenomena in models of a proximal side-to-end anastomosis. Close examination of successive video fields revealed that above a critical Reynolds number, particles were periodically shed into the graft from a vortex situated near the anastomosis heel, and this disturbed the flow patterns in the graft causing vortex shedding to occur near to the toe of the anastomosis. The images clearly demonstrated that periodic flow structures propagated distally along the graft for over 15 tube diameters from the proximal anastomosis. The frequency of the vortex shedding was found to increase with Reynolds number. Under pulsatile conditions, the primary vortex at the heel of the anastomosis became unstable during the deceleration phase of the flow cycle and particles were shed downstream into the graft. Although it was possible briefly to observe the characteristic banded structure in the bypass graft, the flow patterns were highly three-dimensional and were quickly broken up by the accelerating flow. Dynamic flow visualization using guanine particles was found to be a complementary technique to particle tracer flow visualization and was highly effective in identifying transitional flow phenomena and the mass transport mechanisms associated with them.
Electrochemical Evidence for Through‐Space Orbital Interactions in Spiromethanofullerenes (1995)

The electron-accepting properties of the unsaturated spiromethanofullerene 1 are enhanced relative to those of the saturated analogue with a cyclohexanone unit and of C60. This can be attributed to through-space interactions between the addend and the carbon cluster.
Study of the kinetics of 1,4‐trans‐polymerization of isoprene with vanadium catalysts (1983)

Abstract The kinetic peculiarities of 1.4‐trans‐polymerization of isoprene with vanadium catalyst systems being activated by intermediate thermal treatment have been investigated. The rate propagation and chain transfer constants have been determined by two independent methods, namely by kinetic and radiochemical ones. It is supposed that the peculiarities of the polymerization on kinetic catalysts systems are connected with the formation of mixed crystal structures of vanadium and aluminium during the period of thermal treatment of the catalyst.
Correlation between the conformation of cytochrome c peptides and their stimulatory activity in a T-lymphocyte proliferation assay. (1983)

It has been shown that the minimal-length peptide having full stimulatory activity for pigeon cytochrome c-primed T cells from B10.A mice is composed of residues 88-103 of the moth (or 87-104 of the pigeon) sequence. However, to date, only residues 99-103(104)have been shown to be involved in contacting the T-cell receptor or the macrophage Ia molecule. Because the x-ray structure of tuna cytochrome c, and prior calculations on many homologous cytochrome c proteins, showed that segment 88-103(104) exists in the alpha-helical conformation, we postulate that residues 88-98 are necessary for maintaining the alpha-helical conformation of the COOH-terminal pentapeptide (99-103) involved in receptor recognition. To test this hypothesis, we have examined the conformational preferences of polypeptide segments from known antigenic regions near the carboxyl terminus of cytochrome c (pigeon, moth, and fly sequences) using conformational energy calculations for peptides in a nonpolar environment. We show here that fragments consisting of residues 88-91 and 94-98 of pigeon, moth, and fly cytochrome c have a strong alpha-helical preference, despite differences in sequence at residues 88-89 (Lys-Ala in pigeon, Ala-Asn in moth, and Pro-Asn in fly). In contrast, the tripeptide 91-93 (Arg-Ala-Asp) has a strong nonhelical preference. Furthermore, the COOH-terminal peptide 99-103 exists as a statistical coil. However, addition of residues 94-98 to residues 99-103 results in a peptide that has a strong preference for alpha-helix. From these computational results, we predict (i) that fragment 94-103, existing predominantly as an alpha-helix, should exhibit stimulatory activity and (ii) that the nonhelical peptide 91-93 can be deleted from fragment 88-103 without affecting its antigenicity. Both of these predictions have been borne out by experiments in which the two peptides were synthesized and shown to stimulate a T-cell proliferative response. These results establish a strong correlation between conformation (here, alpha-helix) and biological activity and suggest that T-cell activation is sensitive to the organized backbone structure that the antigen adopts in the nonpolar environment of the macrophage membrane or in the combining site of the T-cell receptor.
Electroreductive alkylation of iron in porphyrin complexes. Electrochemical and spectral characteristics of .sigma.-alkylironporphyrins (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectroreductive alkylation of iron in porphyrin complexes. Electrochemical and spectral characteristics of .sigma.-alkylironporphyrinsDoris Lexa, Joel Mispelter, and Jean Michel SaveantCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 23, 6806–6812Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00413a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00413a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views644Altmetric-Citations106LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Incorporation of Dicarboxylic Amino Acids into Soluble Ribonucleic Acid (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIncorporation of Dicarboxylic Amino Acids into Soluble Ribonucleic AcidNorman Coles, Martha W. Bukenberger, and Alton MeisterCite this: Biochemistry 1962, 1, 2, 317–322Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00908a019https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00908a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views49Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Drugs derived from cannabinoids. 3. Sulfur analogs, thiopyranobenzopyrans and thienobenzopyrans (1976)

Sulfur analogs of cannabinoids corresponding to DMHP (1) were prepared utilizing the Pechmann condensation between the appropriate keto ester and (5-(1,2-dimethylheptyl)resorcinol, followed by Grignard reaction. Compounds of various structural types (2-6), which had different ring size and position of the sulfur atom substituted in the alicyclic ring, were found to be active CNS agents in pharmacological tests in mice, rats, and dogs. They showed profiles qualitatively similar to those of the nitrogen and carbocyclic analogs. Basic esters of the most interesting parent phenols 2 and 4 were also prepared and tested.
Effect of rack modeling detail on the numerical results of a data center test cell (2008)

This paper is a continuation of the study [1] that describes the comparison of numerically-predicted and experimentally-measured temperature distributions in a small data center test cell. The data center cell has a floor area of 900 ft <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and comprises one rack, one air-conditioning unit, and perforated tiles. The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) results in study [1] seem to over-pronounce the hot and cold spots and under-predict the mixing between the hot and cold air streams relative to measurements. One of the possible reasons for the disagreement was believed to be the simplified representation of the server rack in the CFD model. This study investigates the effect of server rack model detail on the prediction of temperature distribution within the data center test cell. It is found that insufficient rack-modeling detail is not a likely cause of the poor agreement between experiment and prediction. However, it is demonstrated that rack modeling detail can significantly impact predictions in certain applications.
Effects of Antifungal Compounds on Conidial Germination and on the Induction of Appressorium Formation of Magnaporthe grisea (1999)

Abstract Appressorium formation in germinating conidia of Magnaporthe grisea was induced on a hydrophilic (noninductive) surface by antifungal compounds. Respiratory inhibitors or un­ coupling agents such as strobilurins, antimycin A , myxothiazol, rotenone, pterulone A , and oligomycin A were particularly effective whereas sodium cyanide had no effect. Cyclosporin A was effective only at high concentrations. These differentiation-inducing effects were only observed at subfungicidal concentrations at which more than 50% of the germinating conidia formed appressoria. Cycloheximide, nystatin, amphotericin B, and papulacandin A did not induce appressoria. Different strains of M. grisea displayed the same overall response to the inhibitors, varying merely in the percentage of appressoria formed. A combination of the respiratory inhibitors with 2-phenyl-4H -1-benzopyran-4-one (flavone), diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), or salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM), compounds which interfere with the cyanide-resistant respiration, resulted in a higher sensitivity of the strains towards the respiratory inhibitors, but had no effect on appressorium formation.
The bending magnets for the LHC injection transfer lines (2002)

Two injection transfer lines, each about 2.8 km long, with 51 and 107 degree horizontal deflection, are being built to transfer protons at 450 GeV from the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) to the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). A total of 360 dipole magnets are required; they have been produced in the framework of the contribution of the Russian Federation to the construction of the LHC. The classical dipoles, built from laminated steel cores and copper coils, have a core length of 6.3 m, 25 mm gap height and a nominal field of 1.81 T at a current of 5270 A. The magnet design was made in collaboration between CERN and BINP. An unusual design has been chosen for the coils to cope with the limited voltage from the available power supplies. All magnets in each of the two lines will be powered in series. The coil is composed of overlapping, but electrically insulated, half coils of 3 1/2 turns each. Thus, the power connections for IN and OUT are placed on opposite magnet ends. Short copper braids are used to connect all upper or lower half coils in series and the whole string can be powered without power consuming cable links running alongside the magnets. Precautions are taken to avoid transmission line effects and hazards from differences in voltage between upper and lower half coil. Advantages and drawbacks of this concept are discussed as well as results of the acceptance test including mechanical, electrical and magnetic field measurements. Fabrication and measurement of the magnets at BINP, with the half core production subcontracted to EFREMOV, have been finished in June 2001.
Management of elderly patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia in the era of targeted therapies (2015)

In the era of new targeted agents to fight cancers, we propose concepts to help us understand how elderly dedicated trial designs and geriatric assessment tools (apart from the evaluation of CLL biological risk factors) will undoubtedly revolutionize therapeutic approaches in everyday practice CLL patients.