gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clinical Pharmacology of Antipsychotic Drugs (1989)

Antipsychotic drugs are widely used to treat abnormal behaviour particularly that related to the functional psychoses such as schizophrenia. This review discusses the pharmacokinetics and pharmacology of antipsychotic drugs like chlorpromazine. Clinical use comprises the induction of tranquillization in disturbed psychiatric patients, the treatment of acute and chronic schizophrenic symptoms, and the postponement of relapse in such patients. Unwanted effects are multifarious, involving many systems of the body. Extrapyramidal signs and symptoms are particularly noticeable, and the chronic type, tardive dyskinesia, is a major problem.
A Simulation-Based Optimization Framework for Parameter Optimization of Supply-Chain Networks (2006)

This work presents a novel approach that addresses the management of chemical supply chains (SCs) under demand uncertainty. One of the main objectives is to overcome the numerical difficulties associated with solving the underlying large-scale mixed integer nonlinear problem (MINLP). The approach that is proposed relies on a simulation-based optimization strategy that uses a discrete-event system to model the SC. Within this framework, each SC entity is represented as an agent whose activity is described by a collection of states and transitions. The overall system is coupled with an optimization algorithm that is designed to improve its operation. This strategy is a very attractive alternative in the field of decision-making processes under uncertainty, the advantages of which are highlighted with some cases of SC networks that are composed of several plants, warehouses, distribution centers, and retailers.
High-resolution high-efficiency X-ray imaging system based on the in-line Bragg magnifier and the Medipix detector (2012)

The performance of a recently developed full-field X-ray micro-imaging system based on an in-line Bragg magnifier is reported. The system is composed of quasi-channel-cut crystals in combination with a Medipix single-photon-counting detector. A theoretical and experimental study of the imaging performance of the crystals-detector combination and a comparison with a standard indirect detector typically used in high-resolution X-ray imaging schemes are reported. The spatial resolution attained by our system is about 0.75 µm, limited only by the current magnification. Compared with an indirect detector system, this system features a better efficiency, signal-to-noise ratio and spatial resolution. The optimal working resolution range of this system is between ∼0.4 µm and 1 µm, filling the gap between transmission X-ray microscopes and indirect detectors. Applications for coherent full-field imaging of weakly absorbing samples are shown and discussed.
Osteoporosis treatment: quo vadis? (A brief overview). (1997)

What we formerly called osteoporosis includes four conditions with an osteopenia: A) osteopenias usually due to mechanical disuse, where injuries cause fractures, and in limb bones more than the spine; B) osteopenias with such fragile bone that normal activities instead of injuries can cause fractures and/or bone pain, and in the spine more than limb bones; C) a group that combines features of (A) and (B); D) temporary osteopenias while major fractures, burns or other injures heal. If belatedly, we now realize our past failure to view those conditions as separate entities compromised many past studies of the prevalence, diagnosis and ways to prevent and cure each of them. That failure also compromised many past explanations of the nature, pathogenesis and natural course of "osteoporosis", and much of the related research. This caused some confusion as well as controversies about illusory instead of genuine issues. Controlling existing osteoblasts and osteoclasts with drugs has not prevented or cured those conditions. That will require controlling the modeling drifts and remodeling BMUs that create those cells. Modeling can increase bone mass and strength, remodeling can conserve or reduce them, and neither can provide the other's functions. During normal mechanical usage modeling is OFF and remodeling works in its "conservation mode" to keep existing bone. In disuse, modeling stays OFF while remodeling works in its "disuse mode" to remove bone and cause an osteopenia. Most natural nonmechanical agents (Table 1) can help or hinder those mechanical responses, but cannot duplicate or override them. Wrist and hip fractures from falls cause the most serious problems associated with these conditions. Those fractures begin in the cortex of epiphyseal-metaphyseal regions of limb bones. They never begin in trabecular bone and rarely in the shafts of long bones. They never begin in the trabecular bone and rarely in the shafts of long bones. Since a bone's strength depends on its shape and size (architecture) as well as on the amount of bone in it (bone mineral "density" and content), treatments intended to prevent or cure these conditions should strengthen the above cortex, and absorptiometric studies should begin to account for both bone architecture and bone tissue content. "Bone anabolic" agents (parathyroid hormone and some prostaglandins) can make modeling add bone to normal and osteopenic skeletons, but when the treatment stops remodeling begins removing that bone. "Antiremodeling agents" (including estrogen and many bisphosphonates) can make remodeling tend to keep existing bone, but when such treatments stop remodeling usually resumes removing bone. Combining anabolic agents with antiremodeling agents offers an exceptionally promising prospect of effective prevention and cure of the above osteopenias. Practical problems make this approach not yet ready for human use, but it soon could be.
The second generation image understanding architecture and beyond (2002)

The author summarizes the design of the second generation of the image understanding architecture (IUA), a heterogeneous, multilevel parallel processor being built by the University of Massachusetts and Hugh Research Laboratories to support real-time, knowledge-based machine vision. He also provides an overview of the software environment for the machine, which is being developed by Amerinex Artificial Intelligence Inc., Finally, some speculation on future directions for the long-term development of parallel heterogeneous vision architectures and their software support environments is presented.
The structure of night sleep and cardiac rhythm in patients suffering for many years from hypo- and akinesia. (1985)

The polygram of night sleep was studied in 3 patients, who due to a lesion to the CNS and peripheral nervous system were in a state of long-term akinesia and artificial lung ventilation. The cyclic organization of sleep and its transition from stage to stage, as a whole corresponded with those in healthy subjects. However, there was a general tendency in all patients to a reduction of sleep spindles. There was also a tendency to the stability of heart rate during night sleep. The relationship between delta-sleep and sleep spindles and motor activity is discussed.
[Electron excitation temperature of hexagon pattern in argon discharge at atmospheric pressure]. (2006)

The emission spectrum and the discharge current waveform of argon dielectric barrier discharge at atmospheric pressure were measured when the filaments self-organized in hexagon pattern by using a specially designed experimental setup. Electron excitation temperature of hexagon pattern was calculated using intensity ratio method. It was found that the electron excitation temperature is higher as the frequency of feeding voltage increases. And the temporal correlation among all micro-discharge channels also becomes higher as the frequency of feeding voltage increases. This work gives useful reference for studying pattern formation dynamics.
Discrete Methods Based on First Order Reversal Curves to Identify Preisach Model of Smart Materials (2007)

Preisach 模型广泛地在聪明的材料当模特儿被使用。尽管首先顺序颠倒曲线(FORC ) 经常在物理和地质学的域里发现了应用，他们能服务识别 Preisach 模型。为了澄清在 thePreisach 模型和第一顺序颠倒之间的关系，弯，这篇论文被指导向：(1 ) 给原因第一条顺序颠倒曲线被介绍；(2 ) 介绍，为识别 Preisach 模型，二个分离方法，它基于第一条顺序颠倒曲线是经分解。也此处被显示答案这的唯一二识别方法。最后，这二个方法的有效性被两个都模仿一个真实聪明的致动器验证方法被用于。
Combination of calcipotriol and methotrexate in nanostructured lipid carriers for topical delivery (2010)

The combination of calcipotriol with methotrexate can strengthen the topical therapy for psoriasis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) loaded with lipophilic calcipotriol and hydrophilic methotrexate as topical therapy. NLCs composed of Precirol ATO 5 with various amounts of squalene as the liquid lipid were prepared. The particle size, surface charge, molecular environment, drug permeation, and skin irritation of the carriers were assessed. Hyperproliferative skin was also used as a permeation barrier in this study. It was found that variations in the Precirol/squalene ratio had profound effects on the physicochemical characteristics of the NLCs. The range of particle size of the NLC preparations was 270 to 320 nm, with vehicles containing a higher Precirol amount exhibiting a larger diameter. NLCs with a higher Precirol/squalene ratio also showed greater polarity in their molecular environment. Calcipotriol-loaded NLC systems provided drug fluxes of 0.62 to 1.08 microg/cm(2)/h, which were slightly higher or comparable to the 30% ethanol vehicle (control, 0.72 microg/cm(2)/h). The methotrexate amount permeating the skin was 2.4 to 4.4-times greater using NLCs compared to that with the control. Dual drug-loaded NLCs exhibited reduced skin permeation of calcipotriol but not methotrexate. The in vivo topical delivery examined by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) showed a good correlation with the in vitro results. These two drugs with extremely different polarities can successfully be combined in NLCs. Results suggest that NLCs may have the potential to serve as delivery carriers for antipsoriatic drugs because of enhanced drug permeation and limited skin irritation.
A tunable dual-mode bandstop filter based on liquid crystal technology (2015)

In this paper, a novel tunable microwave bandstop filter (BSF) based on LC technology is proposed. A meander loop resonator with two open-circuited stubs located into the input and output ports are used in the design. Due to two additional open-circuited stubs, the proposed filter has better rejection in the stopband performance without increasing the circuit size. For ease of supplying ac voltages, the proposed filter is achieved by inverted-microstrip structures, in which the input and output ports are connected by metal vias. By taking advantage of the property of LC, central frequency tunability is introduced by applying low ac voltages. What's more, the proposed LC BSF is low power consumption, small cost and relatively small sizes.
Intrinsic interactions between alkaline earth metal ions and peptides: a gas-phase study (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIntrinsic interactions between alkaline earth metal ions and peptides: a gas-phase studyLynn M. Teesch and Jeanette AdamsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 11, 4110–4120Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00167a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00167a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views240Altmetric-Citations87LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Preparation and quality evaluation of LHRHa-targeted Brucea javanica oil liposomes (2013)

Objective　To prepare luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone a (LHRHa) targeted Bruceajavanicaliposomes and evaluate its quality. Methods　The LHRHa-targeted Bruceajavanicaliposome was prepared by thin layer dispersion together with biotin¬streptavidin bridge method. The optimum formation was selected by means of orthogonal design of experiment. The morphology of liposome was observed with transmission electron microscope. Zetasizer Nano ZS analyzer was used to measure the particle size and zeta potential. The entrapment efficiency was determined by ultra-violet spectroscopy and column chromatography. Centrifugal acceleration experiment and determination of leak rate were performed to prove the liposome stability. The targeting ability of liposome was appraised by cell experiment in vitro. Results　The formed optimum formula was as follows: the ratio of lecithin to cholesterol was 4:1, Brucea javanicaoil:lipid was 3:10, DSPE-PEG (2000)-Biotin:lecithin content was 3%, ultrasonic-homogenized for 8 minutes. Liposomes were round in shape, the average diameter and zeta potential of liposome were 155.1±14.5mm and –(24.1±0.54) mV, respectively. The average entrapment efficiency was 92.2%. Binding capacity with the A2780/DDP cell line in the LHRHa-targeted liposomes was 2.7 times higher than that in the non-targeting liposomes. Conclusion　The technique of preparing LHRHa-targeted Bruceajavanicaliposome is suitable, and high in entrapment efficiency, with good stability and targeting ability.
Conserved elements in the 3′ untranslated regions of c-<i>fos</i> and actin mRNAs (1986)

In this study, the nucleotide sequences of the 3' untranslated regions (UTR) of the mouse and human c-fos genes, and the rat and human beta-actin genes were examined. It is shown (i) that the 3' UTR of c-fos is highly conserved between mouse and man, (ii) that multiple copies of a 12 bp element occur, in clusters, in the 3' UTR both of c-fos and of beta-actin. This conserved 12 bp element is analogous to the putative repressor binding site previously identified (Renan, Bioscience Reports, 5 (1985), 739-753). These findings provide additional support for the proposal that regulatory signals are located in the 3' UTR's of certain genes.
Fabrication and applications of large arrays of multifunctional rolled-up SiO/SiO<sub>2</sub>microtubes (2011)

Biocompatible, multifunctional large arrays of transparent SiO/SiO2 microtubes are fabricated by rolled-up nanotech. The outer tubular diameter as a function of thicknesses of SiO and SiO2 has been systematically studied and the roll-up parameters have been optimized to deterministically achieve a yield of nearly 100%. A macroscopic continuum mechanical model is in good agreement with the experimental data. The relative ease in functionalization of the “glass” microtubes with different biomaterials renders rolled-up nanotech an excellent option for various on- and off-chip applications, including optofluidic sensors, micro-engines and pre-patterned 3D scaffolds for cell culturing.
A Study on TSIUVC Approximate-Synthesis Method using Least Mean Square (2002)

유성음원과 무성음원을 사용하는 음성부호화 방식에 있어서, 같은 프레임 안에 모음과 무성자음이 있는 경우에 음성 파형에 일그러짐이 나타난다. 본 논문에서는 최소 자승법을 적용한 새로운 TSIVUC 근사합성법을 제시하였다. 이 방법에서 TSlUVC의 추출에는 zero crossing rate과 FIR-STREAK 필터의 잔차신호를 이용한 개별피치 추출 알고리즘을 사용하였다. 실험결과, 최소 자승법을 적용하여 양호한 TSIUVC 근사합성 파형을 얻을 수 있었다. 또한 최대 오타신호에 있어서의 주파수 신호가 일그러짐이 적은 근사합성 파형에 중요한 역할을 한다는 것이다. 이 방법은 음성합성, 음성분석, 새로운 Voiced/Silence/TSIUVC의 음성부호화 방식에 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. In a speech coding system using excitation source of voiced and unvoiced, it would be involves a distortion of speech waveform in case coexist with a voiced and an unvoiced consonants in a frame. This paper present a new method of TSIUVC (Transition Segment Including Unvoiced Consonant) approximate-synthesis by using Least Mean Square. The TSIUVC extraction is based on a zero crossing rate and IPP (Individual Pitch Pulses) extraction algorithm using residual signal of FIR-STREAK Digital Filter. As a result, This method obtain a high Quality approximation-synthesis waveform by using Least Mean Square. The important thing is that the frequency signals in a maximum error signal can be made with low distortion approximation-synthesis waveform. This method has the capability of being applied to a new speech coding of Voiced/Silence/TSIUVC, speech analysis and speech synthesis.
Windowed Fourier transform for fringe pattern analysis: addendum (2004)

Novel approaches based on windowed Fourier transform for demodulation of fringe patterns were previously presented [Appl. Opt. 43, 2695-2702 (2004)], where extraction of phase and phase derivatives from either phase-shifted fringe patterns or a single-carrier fringe pattern was the main focus. I show that the same methods can be applied to process a single closed-fringe pattern in either noise reduction or phase approximation, which adds to the versatility of the windowed Fourier-transform method for fringe pattern analysis.
The chemistry of N-sulfonyl enamines (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe chemistry of N-sulfonyl enaminesLouis S. Hegedus and Michael S. HoldenCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1986, 51, 8, 1171–1174Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00358a003https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00358a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views338Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Influence of micropile inclination on the performance of a micropile network (2006)

Micropiles are defined as small-diameter, drilled and grouted piles. They are used in groups for underpinning existing structures and as a foundation support for new structures. They can also be used in networks as a technology of ground improvement. In this case, both vertical and inclined micropiles are utilised to create a geocomposite material with both high stiffness and resistance. This paper aims at analysing the performances of a micropile network implemented in a wall configuration. The first part of the paper describes the numerical model used for the analysis of this network, and the second and third parts analyse the performance of the micropile network under lateral and vertical loads. Analysis shows that the inclination of micropiles results in an improvement of both the tiffness and the bearing capacity of the micropile network. Les micropiles sont définies comme étant des piles de petit diamètre, forées et cimentées. Elles sont utilizées par groupes pour soutenir les structures existantes et comme support de fondation pour les nouvelles structures. Elles peuvent aussi être utilizées en réseau, comme technologie d'amélioration des sols. Dans ce cas, des micropiles verticales et inclinées sont utilizeées pour créer un matériau géocomposite ayant aà la fois une forte rigidité et une haute résistance. Cet exposé a pour but d'analyser les erformances d'un réseau de micropiles implanté dans une configuration de mur. La première partie décrit le modèle numérique utilizé pour l'analyse de ce réseau; les seconde et troisième parties analysent la performance du réseau de micropile sous charges verticales et latérales. L'analyse montre que l'inclinaison des micropiles donne une amé lioration de la rigidité et de la résistance mais aussi de la capacité porteuse du réseau de piles.
Preliminary Experiences with HOE 498, a Novel Long-Acting Converting Enzyme Inhibitor, in Hypertensive Patients (1985)

The effect of various doses of the new angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor HOE 498 was compared with that of placebo in patients with mild essential hypertension. When a single dose of 2.5 mg of the drug was given, blood pressure was not significantly reduced despite a fall in converting enzyme levels. Single doses of 5 or 10 mg did reduce blood pressure, but complete inhibition of converting enzyme was apparent only with the 10-mg dose. Acute administration of a 20-mg dose proved to be unsuitable, since this was associated with too large a fall in pressure and the occurrence of symptomatic orthostatic hypotension. Although converting enzyme and blood pressure tended to recover in part 12 h after administration of the drug, both variables remained low even after 48 h.
Detection of phase- or frequency-modulated signals in reverberation noise (1999)

This paper is devoted to the detection of phase- or frequency-modulated signals corrupted by the reverberation noise they have created. When the reverberation is modeled as a time-varying stochastic filtering of the emitted signal, the optimal detector consists of prewhitening the observation before applying a matched filter. This theory is very difficult to implement because of the nonstationarity of the reverberation noise. In this paper, a suboptimal detector proposed by Kay and Salisbury in 1990 is generalized to phase or frequency modulated signals. The reverberation is assumed locally stationary; the signal is cut into blocks and the whitening is performed as follows: An autoregressive (AR) modeling of one block allows the whitening of the following block. After whitening, an appropriate matched filter is applied. This scheme is explained in detail. The local stationarity assumption of the reverberation noise is discussed in light of the Itakura spectral distance. Performance of the proposed approach is evaluated theoretically when all parameters are known, and experimentally using three different real-data sets.
Effects of Fluid Composition on Mist Composition (2003)

In a reported study, mists of selected synthetic metalworking fluids were generated in laboratory experiments by two processes, nebulization (atomization) and air sparging (bubbling). Short-chain fatty acid species were determined by in situ trimethylsilyl derivatization. Comparison of relative amounts of the short-chain acids collected from mists generated by nebulization with those generated by sparging showed that the sparged mists had significantly higher amounts of neodecanoic, nonanoic, and dodecanedioic acids. Comparison of the amounts of acids collected by the resin cartridges to amounts found on the filters showed that significant losses of octanoic and isononanoic acids occurred over 8 hours of collection and that only dodecanedioic acid was not lost from the filter over a 22-hour sampling period. In another reported metalworking mist study, contaminants of metalworking fluids, e.g., tramp oils, were shown in laboratory experiments to increase the misting potential of water-based metalworking fluids. Significantly, tramp oil contamination caused less misting in synthetic fluids than soluble and semi-synthetic fluids.