gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Briefs - "Destruction of the Caking Quality of Bituminous Coal in a Fixed Bed" (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBriefs - "Destruction of the Caking Quality of Bituminous Coal in a Fixed Bed"Stanley J. Gasior, Albert J. Forney, and Joseph H. FieldCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1964, 56, 3, 83Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1964Publication History Published online21 June 2002Published inissue 1 March 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50651a611https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50651a611research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views16Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Customised broadband metamaterial absorbers for arbitrary polarisation (2010)

This paper shows that customised broadband absorption of electromagnetic waves having arbitrary polarisation is possible by use of lossy cut-wire (CW) metamaterials. These useful features are confirmed by numerical simulations in which different lengths of CW pairs are combined as one periodic metamaterial unit and placed near to a perfect electric conductor (PEC). So far metamaterial absorbers have exhibited some interesting features, which are not available from conventional absorbers, e.g. straightforward adjustment of electromagnetic properties and size reduction. The paper shows how with proper design a broad range of absorber characteristics may be obtained.
Chronic Subdural Hematoma (1993)

THE MANAGEMENT OF chronic subdural hematoma in the adult patient is approached with a variety of different surgical techniques. The trend in recent years has been toward treatment with burr holes or twist-drill holes rather than craniotomy. The rationale for this has been based on the assumption that burr holes and twist-drill holes offer equivalent efficacy and lower morbidity and mortality. This viewpoint is not, however, universally accepted, and many surgeons feel that craniotomy is superior to a burr hole for the management of this condition. In a review of 92 patients presenting over a 3-year period with 112 chronic subdural hematomas, 49 underwent craniotomy and 43 underwent burr-hole treatment. The recurrence of hematomas, requiring another operation, occurred in 8.6%; operative mortality was 2.2% at hospital discharge and 4.4% at follow-up. No patient died as a consequence of the operative procedure. There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications, hematoma recurrence, or operative mortality among the different surgical groups. Previous reports concerning the superiority of burr holes over craniotomy are not substantiated by this review. Although the issue concerning optimal therapy has not been resolved by this review, at this time, craniotomy remains a valid and safe technique for the management of patients with chronic subdural hematoma.
A possible substrate for dopamine-related changes in mood and behavior: Prefrontal and limbic effects of a D3-preferring dopamine agonist (2002)

Dopamine can induce fascinating, complex human behavioral states, including disinhibition, euphoria, or elaborate stereotypies, whereas dopamine deficiency can cause anxiety or sadness. Limited data suggest that these phenomena may involve dysfunction of orbital frontal cortex, cingulate cortex, or ventral striatum. The dopamine D3 receptor (D3R) has an anatomic distribution that suggests it could mediate these effects, but almost no data directly demonstrate the regional functional effects of D3R activation. We used quantitative positron emission tomography (PET), [ 15 O]water, and the D3-preferring dopamine agonist pramipexole to identify D3-mediated regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) responses in living primates. We studied seven normal baboons ventilated with 70% nitrous oxide, and analyzed results voxelwise in a common atlas space. At clinically relevant doses, pramipexole produced statistically robust decreases in rCBF in bilateral orbitofrontal cortex, thalamus, operculum, posterior and anterior (subgenual) cingulate cortex, and insula (in decreasing order of significance). Cortical areas related to movement were relatively unaffected, and rCBF did not change in cerebellum or visual cortex. The dose-response curve and duration of pramipexole's effects suggest that these rCBF responses indicate functional effects of a D3-preferring agonist. A D2-preferring agonist studied under the same conditions produced a quantitatively different pattern of responses. We conclude that a dopamine D3 receptor agonist preferentially affects brain activity in prefrontal and limbic cortex, and speculate that dopamine's effects on these regions via D3Rs may mediate some of the known psychiatric complications of dopamine deficiency or excess.
Effect of hypertonicity on contractility of isolated working rat left ventricle (1992)

Changing perfusate osmolality using mannitol has a positive inotropic effect at low osmolalities and a negative inotropic effect at perfusate osmolality greater than 320 mOsm.litre-1.
Nanoconcentration of terahertz radiation in plasmonic waveguides (2008)

We establish the principal limits for the nanoconcentration of the THz radiation in metal/dielectric waveguides and determine their optimum shapes required for this nanoconcentration. We predict that the adiabatic compression of THz radiation from the initial spot size of R(0) approximately lambda(0) to the final size of R = 100- 250 nm can be achieved, while the THz radiation intensity is increased by a factor of x10 to x250. This THz energy nanoconcentration will not only improve the spatial resolution and increase the signal/noise ratio for the THz imaging and spectroscopy, but in combination with the recently developed sources of powerful THz pulses will allow the observation of nonlinear THz effects and a variety of nonlinear spectroscopies (such as two-dimensional spectroscopy), which are highly informative. This will find a wide spectrum of applications in science, engineering, biomedical research, environmental monitoring, and defense.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Organostannanes Catalyzed by a Palladium‐Iminophosphine Complex (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Современная химиотерапия локализованной формы остеосаркомы (2003)

The recent progress of the biology of the locally aggressive sarcomas of soft tissues and related connective tissue tumors enabled to reclassify molecular and histological entities of the disease. Six subgroups of sarcomas are identified with specific molecular alterations, the targeted treatments of which are the object of this article: 1) sarcomas with specific translocations with fusion oncogenes (DFSP, PVNS); 2) sarcomas with tyrosine kinase mutations (KIT in GIST); 3) tumors with deletion of tumor suppressor genes (TSC in the PEComes, NF1 involved in type 1 neurofibromatosis; 4) sarcomas with MDM2/CDK4 amplification in the 12q13-15 amplicon, i.e. well differentiated or dedifferentiated liposarcomas; 5) sarcomas with complex genetics present more unrefined genetic changes (leiomyosarcomas, osteosarcomas). On top these 5 groups, desmoids tumors characterized by alterations of the Wnt, beta catenin, APC, and giant cell tumors of the bone, in which RANK/RANKL operates a complex interaction between the cellular stroma and giant tumor cells. The identification of these abnormal ways of road marking to licence the development of effective targeted therapeutic agents against certain rare histological connective subcategories of sarcomas and tumors with local aggressiveness, in particular DFSP, PVNS, GCST, PEComes, endometrial stromal sarcomas, Ewing sarcomas, etc. Imatinib is used in the treatment of DFSP, characterized by a translocation of the gene PDGF, or in pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS), a tumor of soft part also locally aggressive, caused by an abnormality of the gene coding for the M-CSF. Several clinical trials of phase I and II trials demonstrated the antitumor activity of anti-IGF1R antibodies in Ewing, whose fusion gene downregulates IGFBP3. Inhibitors of MDM2 are in the course of clinical evaluation in liposarcomas. Inhibitors of mTOR (sirolimus, temsirolimus) demonstrated an antitumoral activity in the PEComas. The molecular characterization of sarcomas allowed to develop therapeutic targeted to correct the responsible abnormalities. Translational research is and will be an essential tool for the development of new treatments and the identification of the mechanisms of answer and resistance set up by these tumors.
VSHOT measurement uncertainty and sensitivity study (1997)

The Video Scanning Hartmann Optical Tester (VSHOT) is a slope-measuring tool for large, imprecise reflectors. It is a laser ray trace device developed to measure the optical quality of point-focus solar concentrating mirrors. A unique tool was needed because of the diverse geometry and very large size of solar concentrators, plus their large optical errors. To study the accuracy of VSHOT as well as its sensitivity to changes in test setup variables, a series of experiments were performed with a very precise, astronomical-grade mirror. The slope errors of the reference mirror were much smaller than the resolution of the VSHOT, so that any measured slope errors were caused by the instrument itself rather than the mirror. The VSHOT exceeded its accuracy goals by achieving about {+-}0.5% (68% confidence) error in the determination of focal length and {+-} 0.1 mrad (68% confidence) error in the determination of RMS slope error. Displacement of the test mirror from the optical axis caused the largest source of measured errors.
Simultaneous Analysis of Capacitive Coupling and Leakage Noise in Nanometer Scale Circuits (2006)

Traditional analysis deals with one noise source at a time. However, in nanometer scale circuits the evolving reality of multiple noise sources interacting with each other must be considered, since signal at an evaluation node will reflect the cumulative effect of all the active noise sources. This gives rise to a new approach - compound noise analysis. In this paper, an analysis of the combined effects of coupled and leakage noise is proposed. The proposed technique does not rely on simulation tools, and provides an insight to the behavior of individual noise sources when combined together on an evaluation node. It utilizes the recent BSIM4 models and addresses the issues of nanometer circuits with respect to parasitic capacitance, subthreshold and gate leakage noise in thin gate oxides below 15Aring. The model analyzes the noise effects dynamically with time, thus providing effective evaluation of signal integrity in high speed switching circuitry. Here coupling from multiple simultaneously switching aggressors, and leakage from more than one sources are modeled
The Tsr chemosensory transducer of Escherichia coli assembles into the cytoplasmic membrane via a SecA-dependent process. (1988)

The Tsr protein of Escherichia coli is a chemosensory transducer that mediates taxis toward serine and away from certain repellents. Like other bacterial transducers, Tsr spans the cytoplasmic membrane twice, forming a periplasmic domain of about 150 amino acids and a cytoplasmic domain of about 300 amino acids. The 32 N-terminal amino acids of Tsr resemble the consensus signal sequence of secreted proteins, but they are not removed from the mature protein. To investigate the function of this N-terminal sequence in the assembly process, we isolated translational fusions between tsr and the phoA and lacZ genes, which code for the periplasmic enzyme alkaline phosphatase and the cytoplasmic enzyme beta-galactosidase, respectively. All tsr-phoA fusions isolated code for proteins whose fusion joints are within the periplasmic loop of Tsr, and all of these hybrid proteins have high alkaline phosphatase activity. The most N-terminal fusion joint is at amino acid 19 of Tsr. Tsr-lacZ fusions were found throughout the tsr gene. The beta-galactosidase activity of the LacZ-fusion proteins varies greatly, depending on the location of the fusion joint. Fusions with low activity have fusion joints within the periplasmic loop of Tsr. The expression of these fusions is most likely reduced at the level of translation. In addition, one of these fusions markedly reduces the export and processing of the periplasmic maltose-binding protein and the outer membrane protein OmpA, but not of intact PhoA or of the outer membrane protein LamB. A temperature-sensitive secA mutation, causing defective protein secretion, stops expression of new alkaline phosphatase activity coded by a tsr-phoA fusion upon shifting to the nonpermissive temperature. The same secA mutation, even at the permissive temperature, increases the activity and the level of expression of LacZ fused to the periplasmic loop of Tsr relative to a secA+ strain. We conclude that the assembly of Tsr into the cytoplasmic membrane is mediated by the machinery responsible for the secretion of a subset of periplasmic and outer membrane proteins. Moreover, assembly of the Tsr protein seems to be closely coupled to its synthesis.
GaN high electron mobility transistors for sub-millimeter wave applications (2014)

This paper reviews different technologies recently developed to push the performance of GaN-based high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) into sub-mm wave frequencies. To understand the impact and need of each technology, a device delay model based on small-signal equivalent circuit parameters is introduced, which divides the total device delay into intrinsic, extrinsic, and parasitic components. Then, several technologies to improve the speed of GaN HEMTs are discussed according to their contribution on each delay component. Finally, the key limiting factors for the high speed operation of these transistors under high drain or gate bias range are studied and novel approaches to solve these problems are presented.
Differential effects of parathyroid hormone on key regulators of osteoblast mineralisation (2015)

Searchable abstracts of presentations at key conferences in endocrinology ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)
ChemInform Abstract: PEPTIDE 98. MITT. SYNTH. DER A‐KETTE DES SCHAFINSULINS MIT S‐TETRAHYDROPYRANYLSCHUTZ (1975)

Abstract Die A‐Kette des Schafinsulins wurde in vollständig geschützter Form synthetisiert.
Electrochemical Behavior of Sol‐Gel Produced Ni and Ni‐Co Oxide Films (1997)

Ni and mixed Ni‐Co oxide films were formed at Pt substrates by the sol‐gel technique and studied electrochemically in 1 M NaOH solutions. All sol‐gel films under study have to be found amorphous. The charge densities of these films are quite high compared to oxides formed by the anodic oxidation of metallic substrates. Mixed Ni‐Co oxide films display higher charge densities, broader CV peaks, and negatively shifted equilibrium potentials vs. pure Ni oxide films. At slow sweep rates, all films studied showed kinetically reversible surface electrochemical behavior. At higher sweep rates, the redox reactions became kinetically irreversible, being either surface reactions with no diffusion limitations or controlled by the diffusion rate of species inside the film. The effect of the oxide film formation conditions, i.e., the withdrawal rate of the substrate from the sol solution and the firing temperature, on the electrochemical efficiency of the oxide films was also studied.
Gold Nanoparticles: 3D-STEM-HAADF Analyses and Plasmonic Studies by EELS (2011)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2011 in Nashville, Tennessee, USA, August 7–August 11, 2011.
A Combination Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Varicella Vaccine (ProQuad) Given to 4- to 6-Year-Old Healthy Children Vaccinated Previously With M-M-RII and Varivax (2006)

ProQuad may be used in place of a second dose of M-M-RII or second doses of M-M-RII and Varivax for 4- to 6-year-old children.
Assessment of TRIZ Potential on Companies Innovation Capacity, Illustration with the Hybrid Boiler Designed at Bosch Thermotechnology (2015)

Innovation is one of the aims of many organisations. It is a mandatory condition for durable industrial activities, even though it bears specific issues, such as the involvement of substantial resources, temporary low profitability, high risks and failure rates, which need to be overcome to succeed. Therefore we investigated the notion of innovation performance, as it is critical to analyse the reach of organisational innovation-related objectives and the allocation and use of resources. The measurement of such a performance is generally done through the observation of organisation Research and Development (R&D) investments as well as the quantity of patent applications. However, it was shown that even if the R&D investments are an assessment element of the innovation process inputs, the patents do not show a fair image of the innovation capacity, namely because of their relative value and use [1]. Some authors focused on the assessment of the innovation capacity (or innovation potential), studying the factors that enable innovation. We propose to synthesise the fields covered by these factors and will investigate two of the most advanced models that offer different approaches and perspectives [2], [3]. Based on these elements, we analyse the interactions between classical TRIZ and the organisational innovation capacity factors in order to determine TRIZ potential. This methodological and theoretical approach is then confronted to a field example: the design of a hybrid-heating appliance (compact electrical heat-pump combined with a gas condensing boiler) within Robert Bosch company. This study is marked by the context of regulation evolutions such as the European Directive on Energy-related Products (ErP) and strong technical challenges to overcome. Results shows the outcomes that companies can expect out of TRIZ, which are seen as vectors of expansion for the understanding and the use of the theory in the industrial world. It also emphasizes what are the points that cannot be covered by classical TRIZ within all the different fields of the innovation capacity (Strategy, Organisation, Process, Resources, Tools and Culture). The reasons for the deviations between theoretical approach and the studied case are analysed and perspectives are given on a new approach combining TRIZ and the Blue Ocean Strategy.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of the Alkaline Earth Metal Hydrogen Sulfates of Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba. (1987)

Abstract The pure compounds M(HSO 4 ) 2 (M: Ba, Sr, Mg) are prepared using known procedures and shown to be real hydrogensulfates by X‐ray analysis.
Phenotypic heterogeneity in IGHV-mutated CLL patients has prognostic impact and identifies a subset with increased sensitivity to BTK and PI3Kδ inhibition (2014)

The majority of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients are diagnosed with early-stage disease but the currently used prognostic tools appear to be less informative in this group of patients.1 This is especially problematic for patients with mutated immunoglobulin genes (M-CLL) as they have a more diverse clinical course when compared with patients with unmutated immunoglobulin genes (U-CLL).1, 2, 3, 4 Given the emergence of promising targeted, less toxic, therapeutics in CLL,5, 6 there is an increased need to identify patients who might benefit from early treatment with these new agents.
Time-resolved Boson Emission in the Excitation Spectrum of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ (2015)

J. D. Rameau, S. Freutel, M. A. Sentef, A. F. Kemper, J. K. Freericks, I. Avigo, M. Ligges, L. Rettig, Y. Yoshida, H. Eisaki, J. Schneeloch, R. D. Zhong, Z. J. Xu, G. D. Gu, P. D. Johnson, U. Bovensiepen Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, 11973, USA Fakultat Fur Physik und Zentrum fur Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen, Universitat Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1, 47057 Duisburg, Germany HISKP, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Center for Free Electron Laser Science, 22761 Hamburg, Germany Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Department of Physics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan and Current address: Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland (Dated: May 27, 2015)
Transduction of Flagellar Characters in Salmonella (1953)

SUMMARY: Phage lysates of a salmonella strain can transduce flagellar characters from that strain to a second strain which absorbs the phage. Non-motile strains treated with lysates o other strains produced stable motile forms detected as spreading swarms in semi-solid agar. O strains of known species produced swarms with the H antigens characteristic of theirown species, and the species of previously untypable O isolates could be inferred from the H antigens of their induced swarms. The production of swarms by O strains when treated with lysates of other O strains divided nine Salmonella typhimurium O strains into six interacting groups; there are therefore at least six non-homologous genetic factors, mutation of any of which may cause absence of flagella, thus masking other genes which control H antigenic specificity. Two flagellated but non-motile strains produced motile forms when treated with lysates of other strains, or of each other. At least two genes concerned with locomotor function are thus recognized. All the motile derivatives of one O strain spread very slowly through semi-solid agar; the ability to spread rapidly could be transduced to them by a second exposure to a lysate. In exceptional instances two flagellar characters were simultaneously transduced: three O strains sometimes acquired a flagellar antigen from the donor strain at the same time as the H character; another O strain sometimes acquired simultaneously flagellation and the slow-spreading character. There are therefore many distinct genes controlling the presence, antigenic character and function of the flagella. They may form part of an ordered gene array in which pairs of genes which are sometimes simultaneously transduced by a single phage particle are presumably closely linked.
PS06 Dent Monitoring of thick CFRP plate Using Electrical Resistance Change Method (2011)

The present paper investigates Electrical Resistance Change Method (ERCM) for thick CFRP laminates with a dent. The authors have proposed the damage identification method for CFRP using the ERCM and confirmed its applicability for beams and thin plate-type specimens in the previous studies. However, the dent is made for thick CFRP and the dent causes electrical resistance decreases. In the present study, we focus on the dent and the electrical resistance decrease is adopted for monitoring delamination location. FEM analyses are used to obtain electrical resistance decrease distributions. Response surfaces are adopted to estimate the delamination location here. The results show good agreements with the experimental data.