gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prion Diseases: From Molecular Biology to Intervention Strategies. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Production of Plasmid DNA in Industrial Quantities According to cGMP Guidelines (2006)

Qiagen offers a unique technology for plasmid manufacturing, working reliably for every parent plasmid. The process steps such as strain and clone selection, and fermentation optimization ensure optimal plasmid DNA yield and quality in the starting material. Master Cell Bank and Working Cell Bank manufacturing is then performed under cGMP conditions. A high-yield, low mechanical stress alkaline lysis procedure, followed by a proprietary endotoxin-removal step and anion-exchange chromatography ensures consistently high plasmid DNA quality. The material undergoes stringent quality control tests and is accompanied by a comprehensive quality control report and a documentation package for regulatory filing. The following chapter describes the necessary steps such as host cell selection, growth conditions, downstream processing, and quality assurance and control.
Design of a Bar/Music Room – A Case Study (2015)

A vacant unit, once used by a Portuguese Deli, was converted to bar/music room in Toronto.  The plan called for a microbrewery unit at the back of the unit.  The unit was divided into two spaces along its north-south axis.  The western portion was designed as a music room that would provide a performance space from a solo artist to a Jazz combo to a small rock band.  The eastern part was designed as a regular bar/dining area.  The bar music can be loud, while the music room can be pianissimo to forte depending on the type of performance.  The acoustical design aspects are critical for the music room.  In addition, the acoustical separation between the two spaces is equally important.  The music room/bar is in use.  The design results are compared to actual field measurements.  The comparison results are presented in this paper.
Reactions of α-diazo ketones with selenium-based Reagents. A general synthesis of α-chloro-, α-bromo, α-phenylseleno-, α-acetoxy-, and α-methoxy-αβ-unsaturated ketones (1985)

Benzeneselenenyl derivatives, PhSe-X (X = Cl, Br, OCOCH3, and SCN) react readily with α-diazo ketones, RCOC(N2)R1(R1= H or alkyl), with loss of nitrogen, furnishing αα-adducts of the type RCOCR1(X)SePh. The α-chloro and α-bromo adducts can be converted into α-methoxy adducts in methanol–sodium hydrogen carbonate. The utility of these adducts in synthesis is illustrated by their conversion (where structural considerations permit)via selenoxide fragmentation into α- heterosubstituted αβ-unsaturated ketones. Treatment of the series RCOCR1(X)SePh (R1= alkyl; X = Cl, Br, OCOCH3, and OCH3) with hydrogen peroxide–pyridine produces α-chloro-, α-bromo-, α-acetoxy-, and α-methoxy-αβ–unsaturated ketones, whereas treatment of the series RCOCR1(X)SePh (R1= alkyl; X = Cl and Br) with lithium carbonate in dimethylformamide produces α-phenylseleno-αβ-unsaturated ketones. Several α-substituted cyclopentenones, cyclohexenones, and cycloheptenones have been synthesised in this way and acyclic examples are illustrated by the synthesis of 3-chloro-, 3-bromo-, 3-acetoxy-, 3-methoxy-, and 3-phenylselenobut-3-en-2-one from 3-diazobutan-2-one.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Fluorinated Heterocycles. Part 19. Dehydrofluorination Studies on 2‐Difluoromethyl‐ and 2‐Trifluoromethylhexa‐ and ‐ pentafluorooxolanes. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Attenuation in wall-impedance waveguides: a new approach (1972)

The Rayleigh-Schroedinger power expansion of perturbed eigenvalues is used to determine propagation constants in wall-impedance waveguides, the final objective being a design procedure for trunk-communication waveguides. Examples of applications, where corrections up to the fifth order are accounted for, include ideal helix waveguides and thickly dielectric-lined circular waveguides.
Genetic Determinants of Stomatal Function (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Arabidopsis as a Model System How Do Stomates Sense Drought Stress? Signaling Events inside Guard Cells in Response to Drought Cell Signaling Mutants with Altered Stomatal Responses Transcriptional Regulation in Stomatal Drought Response Summary References
Bone Remodeling in Onlay Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate and Coral Grafts to Rat Calvaria: Microcomputerized Tomography Analysis (2010)

This study was conducted to establish the efficiency of microcomputerized tomography (micro-CT) in detection of trabecular bone remodeling of onlay grafts in a rodent calvaria model, and to compare bone remodeling after onlay grafts with beta-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) or coral calcium carbonate. Ten rats received calvarial onlay blocks-5 with TCP and 5 with coral calcium carbonate. The grafts were fixed with a titanium miniplate screw and were covered with a collagen resorbable membrane. Three months after surgery, the calvaria were segmented, and a serial 3-dimensional micro-CT scan of the calvarium and grafted bone block at 16-micrometer resolution was performed. Image analysis software was used to calculate the percentage of newly formed bone from the total block size. Newly formed bone was present adjacent to the calvarium and screw in all specimens. The mean area of newly formed bone of the total block size ranged from 34.67%-38.34% in the TCP blocks, and from 32.41%-34.72% in the coral blocks. In the TCP blocks, bone remodeling was found to be slightly higher than in the coral blocks. Micro-CT appears to be a precise, reproducible, specimen-nondestructive method of analysis of bone formation in onlay block grafts to rat calvaria.
Can Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration Offer Clinical Benefit for Tumors of the Ampulla of Vater? -An Initial Study (2012)

EUS-FNA for ampulla of Vater may be safely and accurately performed, and should be considered as a diagnostic modality before EST.
Site-specific cleavage by metal ion cofactors and inhibitors of M1 RNA, the catalytic subunit of RNase P from Escherichia coli. (1991)

The location of phosphate residues involved in specific centers for binding of metal ions in M1 RNA, the catalytic RNA subunit of RNase P from Escherichia coli, was determined by analysis of induction of cleavage of RNA by metal ions. At pH 9.5, Mg2+ catalyzes cleavage of M1 RNA at five principal sites. Under certain conditions, Mn2+ and Ca2+ can each replace Mg2+ as the cofactor in the processing of precursor tRNAs by M1 RNA and P RNA, the RNA subunit of RNase P from Bacillus subtilis. These cations, as well as various metal ion inhibitors of the catalytic activity of M1 RNA, also promote cleavage of M1 RNA in a specific manner. Certain conditions that affect the catalytic activity of M1 RNA also alter the rate of metal ion-induced cleavage at the various sites. From these results and a comparison of cleavage of M1 RNA with that of a deletion mutant of M1 RNA and of P RNA, we have identified two different centers for binding of metal ions in M1 RNA that are important for the processing of the precursor to tRNA(Tyr) from E. coli. There is also a center for the binding of metal ions in the substrate, close to the site of cleavage by M1 RNA.
Flavonol Glycosides in Two Diospyros Plants and Their Radical Scavenging Activity (2003)

Methanol extracts of leaves of Diospyros glaucifolia and D. kaki were showed the scavenging activity of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical.Chromatographical separation and purification of methanol extracts resulted in isolation of three new flavonol glycosides [2"-(E)-p-coumaroylmyricitrin (3), 3"-(E)-p-coumaroylmyricitrin (4) and mearsetin 3-O-b-glucronopyranoside (11)] along with known phenolic compounds.These structures were determined by means of spectroscopic analysis.The scavenging activities of DPPH radical of the
Glomérulonéphrites à dépôts non organisés non Randall de chaîne légère d’immunoglobuline monoclonale : une série de sept cas (2017)

La glomérulonéphrite à dépôts non organisés non Randall d’immunoglobuline monoclonale (PGNMID) est une entité maintenant bien individualisée au sein des gammapathies monoclonales de signification rénale. Les dépôts sont le plus souvent constitués d’une immunoglobuline entière, principalement IgG3 kappa. Nous rapportons une série de 7 cas de PGNMID à chaîne légère monoclonale. Étude rétrospective multicentrique incluant les patients présentant des dépôts granulaires, discontinus, de localisation glomérulaire exclusive, rouge Congo négatifs, marqués en immunofluorescence par un seul isotype de chaîne légère sans chaîne lourde associée. L’âge médian au diagnostic était de 63 ans. Tous les patients présentaient une insuffisance rénale chronique avec protéinurie et hématurie. Aucun cas n’avait de manifestations extrarénales. Un composant monoclonal circulant était détectable dans 6/7 cas (myélome symptomatique, n = 1). L’aspect en microscopie optique était une glomérulonéphrite membrano-proliférative (n = 5), mésangiale (n = 1) ou extramembraneuse atypique (n = 1). En immunofluorescence, les dépôts étaient constitués de chaînes légères kappa (n = 5) ou lambda (n = 2), toujours associés à des dépôts de C3. Trois patients avaient un C3 sérique bas sans anomalies des protéines régulatrices de la voie alterne. Dans 1 cas, nous avons montré que la chaîne légère lambda purifiée activait la voie alterne du complément. Le séquençage de cette chaîne légère Vλ3 a révélé plusieurs mutations dans les régions hypervariables (principalement CDR1). Six patients ont reçu une chimiothérapie à base d’alkylant ± bortézomib. Une réponse hématologique, suivie dans tous les cas d’une réponse rénale, a été obtenue chez les 3/3 patients traités par bortézomib. Tous les patients en bonne réponse hématologique ont normalisé leur taux circulant de C3. Nous rapportons la première série de PGNMID à chaîne légère monoclonale. L’association constante avec des dépôts de C3 suggère une activation de la voie alterne du complément par la chaîne légère monoclonale. Un traitement ciblant le clone B sous-jacent, parfois non détectable par les techniques usuelles, est indispensable pour préserver le pronostic rénal. Le séquençage des chaînes légères monoclonales pourrait permettre de mieux comprendre les mécanismes physiopathologiques impliqués dans cette forme rare de PGNMID.
On combining surface and bulk passivation of SiN/sub x/:H layers for mc-Si solar cells (2003)

A route, as followed by ECN, is described for development of SiN/sub x/:H layers deposited by microwave (MW) PECVD, which are suited for surface and bulk passivation of mc-Si solar cells. First research was focussed on surface passivation and this resulted in the development of SiN layers that were Si-rich and where the hydrogen is mainly bonded to silicon atoms. A disadvantage of such Si-rich layers is their large absorption at shorter wavelengths, which make them unsuitable as front side AR coatings. Further, these layers appeared to be less suitable for bulk passivation. The next step therefore was the development of SiN layers for bulk passivation. For good bulk passivation of solar cells by means of a thermal anneal of the SiN layers, we found that SiN layers with high N-H bonding concentrations are required. Fine-tuning of the deposition conditions of these layers, finally resulted in the development of a SiN layer type which combines the three desired properties: low absorption (good antireflection coating), good surface passivation (S/sub eff/ on FZ wafers less than 50 cm/s) and good bulk passivation.
Les progrès agricoles dans l'Afrique orientale britannique (1930)

Célérier Jean, Cholley André. Les progrès agricoles dans l'Afrique orientale britannique. In: Annales de Géographie, t. 39, n°222, 1930. pp. 660-662.
Arthroscopic meniscectomy: Treatment costs and postoperative function in a historical perspective (2000)

We report short-term data from 82 consecutive patients with arthroscopic meniscectomy 1995-1998 in stable knees and without severe cartilage changes. All patients were treated as outpatients, the operating time was, on average, 23 SD12 minutes and 3 of 4 patients were back at work within 1 week. Almost half of the patients still had some knee problems 3 months after surgery, but thereafter a substantial improvement was seen. We also report original data from a consecutive series of patients having arthroscopic meniscectomy 1980-81. In that series, the frequency of total meniscectomies was higher, the operating time longer, but the time to recovery was shorter than in 1995-98. In contrast to 1995-98, most of the patients in 1980-81 were followed by the doctor and had supervised rehabilitation. However, sick leave was similar in the two series. The total costs for an arthroscopic meniscectomy in 1998 was less than half the costs in 1980-81. We conclude that the improved technique for arthroscopic meniscectomy during the last 15-20 years and less supervised rehabilitation have reduced the costs, but not the recovery time.
Fundamental studies of the mechanism of catalytic reactions with catalysts effective in the gasification of carbon solids and the oxidative coupling of methane. Quarterly report, July 1, 1994--September 30, 1994 (1994)

Research continued on the study of catalysts and membrane materials involved in the oxidative coupling of methane and coal gasification processes. Membranes studied and fabricated included Sr-Zr-Y-O, Sr-Zr-Y, and Sr-Ce-Y-O systems.
Studies on annelated 1,4-benzothiazines and 1,5-benzothiazepines. X--Synthesis and inhibition of benzodiazepine receptor binding of new 1,4-thiazine and 1,5-thiazepine polycondensed heterocycles with steroidal structure. (1996)

Some naphtho[1,2,-b]-s-triazolo[4,3-d]-1,4-thiazine and 1,5-thiazepine and s-triazolo[4', 3'-4,5]-1,4-thiazino[3,2-c]quinoline derivatives have been synthesized and tested for their ability to displace [3H]RO 15-1788 binding from bovine brain membranes. Several compounds showed moderate binding affinity for the benzodiazepine receptor.
ChemInform Abstract: Activation of a Non‐Strained C‐C Bond with Platinum(II). (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
NMR profiling of transgenic peas (2003)

A high throughput proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy method for the metabolite fingerprinting of plants was applied to genetically modified peas (Pisum sativum) to determine whether biochemical changes, so called 'unintended effects', beyond those intended by incorporation of a transgene, were detectable. Multivariate analysis of 1H NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectra obtained from uniformly grown glasshouse plants revealed differences between the transgenic and control group that exceeded the natural variation of the plants. When a larger data set of six related transgenic lines was analysed, including a null segregant in addition to the wild-type control, multivariate analysis showed that the distribution of metabolites in the transgenics was different from that of the null segregant. However, the profile obtained from the wild-type material was diverse in comparison with both the transgenics and the null segregant, suggesting that the primary cause of the observed differences was that the transformation process selects for a subset of individuals able to undergo the transformation and selection procedures, and that their descendants have a restricted variation in metabolite profile, rather than that the presence of the transgene itself generates these differences.
Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) CD8<sup>+</sup>T-Lymphocyte Reactivity during Combination Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-1-Infected Patients with Advanced Immunodeficiency (2000)

The long-term efficacy of combination antiretroviral therapy may relate to augmentation of anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) CD8(+) T-cell responses. We found that prolonged treatment of late-stage HIV-1-infected patients with a protease inhibitor and two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors failed to restore sustained, high levels of HIV-1-specific, HLA class I-restricted, cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte precursors and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) production by CD8(+) T cells. In some patients, particularly those initiating three-drug combination therapy simultaneously rather than sequentially, there were early, transient increases in the frequency of anti-HIV-1 CD8(+) T cells that correlated with decreases in HIV-1 RNA and increases in T-cell counts. In the other patients, HIV-1-specific T-cell functions either failed to increase or declined from baseline during triple-drug therapy, even though some of these patients showed suppression of plasma HIV-1 RNA. These effects of combination therapy were not unique to HIV-1 specific T-cell responses, since similar effects were noted for CD8(+) T cells specific for the cytomegalovirus pp65 matrix protein. The level and breadth of CD8(+) cell reactivity to HLA A*02 HIV-1 epitopes, as determined by IFN-gamma production and HLA tetramer staining after combination therapy, were related to the corresponding responses prior to treatment. There was, however, a stable, residual population of potentially immunocompetent HIV-1-specific T cells remaining after therapy, as shown by tetramer staining of CD8(+) CD45RO(+) cells. These results indicate that new strategies will be needed to target residual, immunocompetent HIV-1-specific CD8(+) T cells to enhance the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy in patients with advanced immunodeficiency.
Enhanced Planar Channeling of MeV Protons through Thin Crystals (2004)

At certain tilt alignments between a MeV proton beam and a planar channeling direction, a single interface lattice rotation within a crystal can result in a lower rate of dechanneling than at planar alignment in a perfect crystal. Such planar channeling enhancement arises when the beam passes through a layer thickness which is a half-multiple of the oscillation wavelength and then encounters a small interface rotation which is matched to the beam tilt angle. The beam is projected into the center of the phase space ellipse below the interface, resulting in certain trajectories undergoing a reduction in their transverse energy, in a manner analogous to stochastic cooling or atom laser cooling.
Glioblastoma multiforme causing calvarial destruction: an unusual manifestation revisited. (2004)

This report describes invasion of overlying calvaria and soft tissues by a high-grade glioma without macroscopic evidence of dural involvement. The initial radiologic examinations demonstrated a heterogeneous mass in the right frontoparietal region with both extra- and intra-axial components. Inward displacement of the adjacent dura initially prompted consideration for extra-axial lesions such as metastatic lesions, lymphoma, or an aggressive meningioma. The pathologic findings demonstrated a glial cell origin.
The Elusive Nature of Truth in Scientific Studies and the Importance of Peer Review (2014)

Constructive, critical peer review is an essential part of the information creation process that has evolved in our society. Journals constitute an essential component of the information dissemination infrastructure because, unlike meetings, the information contained therein is or needs to be subject to the rigors of peer review. Unfortunately, the peer-review process does not always operate as well as it should. For example, Bohannon1 submitted an intentionally flawed manuscript, concerning cancer, to 304 journals as part of an experiment to test the peer-review process. This paper was accepted by 157 of those journals. Godlee et al.2 submitted a paper with eight deliberate errors (in study design, analysis, and interpretation) to reviewers of the British Medical Journal. Among the 221 respondents, the average number of mistakes detected was two, and some reviewers found no mistakes in the manuscript. We are not perfect, and detection of errors in the peer-review process is not surprising. It does highlight, however, the need both for vigilance (among editors and readers) and an ongoing process for improvement.

Because of the importance of peer review to the quality of Translational Vision Science & Technology (TVST), we are indebted to the TVST reviewers for the immensely important contributions they have made to the quality of the journal and for the service they have provided to the entire vision research community. On behalf of our Associate Editors, Editors, and readers, I thank each of you sincerely.

Among the highly accomplished individuals who have generously donated their time and expertise for our benefit, a subset have made outstanding contributions due to the exceptional care with which they have reviewed manuscripts. The Editors of TVST have been asked to recognize these individuals by identifying them as “exceptional reviewers.” I am pleased to offer special recognition to these individuals as part of our thanks to each of the reviewers for TVST.

TVST is our journal, and it will be as useful a source of information as we make it through the submission of our work and, no less, through the peer review to which that work is subjected.
tRNA Modification by S-Adenosylmethionine:tRNA Ribosyltransferase-Isomerase (2003)

The enzyme S-adenosylmethionine:tRNA ribosyltransferase-isomerase catalyzes the penultimate step in the biosynthesis of the hypermodified tRNA nucleoside queuosine (Q), an unprecedented ribosyl transfer from the cofactor S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) to a modified-tRNA precursor to generate epoxyqueuosine (oQ). The complexity of the reaction makes it an especially interesting mechanistic problem, and as a foundation for detailed kinetic and mechanistic studies we have carried out the basic characterization of the enzyme. Importantly, to allow for the direct measurement of oQ formation, we have developed protocols for the preparation of homogeneous substrates; specifically, an overexpression system was constructed for tRNA(Tyr) in an E. coli queA deletion mutant to allow for the isolation of large quantities of substrate tRNA, and [U-ribosyl-(14)C]AdoMet was synthesized. The enzyme shows optimal activity at pH 8.7 in buffers containing various oxyanions, including acetate, carbonate, EDTA, and phosphate. Unexpectedly, the enzyme was inhibited by Mg(2+) and Mn(2+) in millimolar concentrations. The steady-state kinetic parameters were determined to be K(m)(AdoMet) = 101.4 microm, K(m)(tRNA) = 1.5 microm, and k(cat) = 2.5 min(-1). A short minihelix RNA was synthesized and modified with the precursor 7-aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine, and this served as an efficient substrate for the enzyme (K(m)(RNA) = 37.7 microm and k(cat) = 14.7 min(-1)), demonstrating that the anticodon stem-loop is sufficient for recognition and catalysis by QueA.