gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Oxygen and of Water Vapor on the Fatigue Life of Nickel at 300 C (1970)

The fatigue behavior of high-purity nickel, vibrated in reversed bending, was studied at 300 C in oxygen and in water vapor at pressures from 10-9 to 10 torr. Fatigue life was reduced in both oxygen and water vapor, but the variation in life with pressure differed somewhat for the two. The curve of fatigue life versus oxygen pressure is step-shaped with little or no dependence of life on pressure at very low and high pressures, the major reduction taking place at intermediate pressures. In contrast, the fatigue life in water vapor drops off gradually throughout the entire high-pressure range, but the maximum reduction is much less than in oxygen. Evidence obtained by residual gas analysis shows that a hot ionization gage filament may change the composition of the environment which, in turn, may affect fatigue life. Metallographic examination of failed specimens disclosed a relation between deformation and cracking characteristics and oxygen pressure. A calculation of the pressure required to saturate the crack surfaces at an estimated rate of crack growth showed that the predicted pressure agreed with the highest transition pressure, at which the reduction in fatigue life approaches a maximum.
Upregulation of GADD45α in light-damaged retinal pigment epithelial cells (2016)

To better understand the molecular mechanisms responsible for light-induced damage in retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells, we developed an automated device to recapitulate intense light exposure. When compared with human fibroblasts, ARPE-19 cells that had been exposed to blue-rich light-emitting diode-light of 10 000 Lux at 37 °C for 9 h displayed dramatic cellular apoptosis. Collectively, gene expression profiling and qPCR demonstrated that growth arrest and DNA damage-45α (GADD45α) expression was markedly upregulated. Transient knockdown of GADD45α partially attenuated light-damage-induced apoptosis in ARPE-19 cells, whereas GADD45α overexpression dramatically increased it. These results demonstrate the critical function of GADD45α in light-induced RPE cellular apoptosis. Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and western blotting revealed that the upregulation of GADD45α was under direct control of p53. Moreover, treatment with Ly294002, an inhibitor of AKT phosphorylation, further promoted GADD45α gene transcription in both non-light and light-damaged ARPE-19 cells. Treatment also exacerbated RPE cellular apoptosis after light exposure, confirming that inhibition of Akt phosphorylation increases GADD45α expression. Collectively, our findings reveal that light irrigation induces human RPE cellular apoptosis through upregulation of GADD45α expression mediated through both the p53 and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-AKT signaling pathways. These results provide new insights into human retinal diseases elicited by light damage and open a new avenue for disease prevention and treatment.
Inhibition of Human Neutrophil IL-8 Production by Hydrogen Peroxide and Dysregulation in Chronic Granulomatous Disease (2005)

The innate immune response to bacterial infections includes neutrophil chemotaxis and activation, but regulation of inflammation is less well understood. Formyl peptides, byproducts of bacterial metabolism as well as mitochondrial protein biosynthesis, induce neutrophil chemotaxis, the generation of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI), and the production of the neutrophil chemoattractant, IL-8. Patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) exhibit deficient generation of ROI and hydrogen peroxide and susceptibility to bacterial and fungal pathogens, with associated dysregulated inflammation and widespread granuloma formation. We show in this study that in CGD cells, fMLF induces a 2- to 4-fold increase in IL-8 production and a sustained IL-8 mRNA response compared with normal neutrophils. Moreover, normal neutrophils treated with catalase (H(2)O(2) scavenger) or diphenyleneiodonium chloride (NADPH oxidase inhibitor) exhibit IL-8 responses comparable to those of CGD neutrophils. Addition of hydrogen peroxide or an H(2)O(2)-generating system suppresses the sustained IL-8 mRNA and increased protein production observed in CGD neutrophils. These results indicate that effectors downstream of the activation of NADPH oxidase negatively regulate IL-8 mRNA in normal neutrophils, and their absence in CGD cells results in prolonged IL-8 mRNA elevation and enhanced IL-8 levels. ROI may play a critical role in regulating inflammation through this mechanism.
Application of a Geohazard Early Warning System in Huaying Mountain Region, Sichuan Province (2012)

Geohazards occur in south west mountain area of China each year frequently. Therefore, selecting a typical region to establish a geohazard early warning system and to research the mechanisms of geohazard can greatly improve the ability of geohazard prevention in that mountain area, and then a geohazard early warning system is established at Huaying Mountain region. This article not only presents the construction of that system, but also elaborately analyses mechanism of some geohazards in that mountain region.
Experiments of kinematic control on a redundant robot manipulator with nonspherical wrist (1996)

This article reports the results of an experimental investigation of real-time kinematic control on a seven-joint industrial robot manipulator having a nonspherical wrist. Closed-loop inverse kinematics algorithms are utilized, namely, an algorithm based on the manipulator geometric Jacobian and a two-stage algorithm based on analytical Jacobians of reduced dimensions. A damped least-squares technique with varying damping factor is adopted to provide numerical robustness of the solution in the neighborhood of kinematic singularities. Redundancy is solved by employing an augmented task space approach with task priority. Case studies are developed to compare the performance of the two algorithms. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Covalent Modification of Reduced Graphene Oxide by Means of Diazonium Chemistry and Use as a Drug‐Delivery System (2012)

Under acidic conditions, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was functionalized with p-aminobenzoic acid, which formed the diazonium ions through the diazotization with a wet-chemical method. Surfactants or stabilizers were not applied during the diazotization. After the functionalized rGO was treated through mild sonication in aqueous solution, these functionalized rGO sheets were less than two layers, which was determined by atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging. The water solubility of functionalized rGO after the introduction of polyethyleneimine (PEI) was improved significantly; it was followed by covalent binding of folic acid (FA) molecules to the functionalized rGO to allow us to specifically target CBRH7919 cancer cells by using FA as a receptor. The loading and release behaviors of elsinochrome A (EA) and doxorubicin (DOX) on the functionalized rGO sheets were investigated. The EA loading ratio onto rGO-C(6)H(4)-CO-NH-PEI-NH-CO-FA (abbreviated rGO-PEI-FA, the weight ratio of drug loaded onto rGO-PEI-FA) was approximately 45.56 %, and that of DOX was approximately 28.62 %. It was interesting that the drug release from rGO-PEI-FA was pH- and salt-dependent. The results of cytotoxicity (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and flow cytometry (FCM) assays, as well as cell morphology observations) clearly showed that the concentration of rGO-PEI-FA as the drug-delivery composite should be less than 12.5 mg L(-1). The conjugation of DOX and rGO-PEI-FA can enhance the cancer-cell apoptosis effectively and can also push the cancer cells to the vulnerable G2 phase of the cell cycle, which is most sensitive and susceptible to damage by drugs or radiation.
Aerodynamics of V/STOL flight (1967)

Aerodynamics of V/STOL flight , Aerodynamics of V/STOL flight , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Ranolazine Provides Benefit over Placebo for T2DM Patients with Angina (2013)

In a trial focused on the treatment of stable angina in patients with type 2 diabetes, ranolazine significantly reduced the frequency of angina episodes compared with placebo. This article presents the results of the Type 2 Diabetes Evaluation of Ranolazine in Subjects With Chronic Stable Angina study [TERISA; Kosiborod M et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2013].
Community Collaboration: If It Is Such a Good Idea, Why Is It so Hard to Do? (1995)

In the face of today's challenging social and family conditions, policy analysts have recently argued that schools and other human service agencies charged with nurturing and supporting children must find ways to collaborate to use their resources more efficiently and effectively. Communities are being urged to create collaborative organizations to coordinate disparate human service providers as a fundamental strategy in addressing the needs of at-risk youth. Collaboration is intended to provide a more holistic, comprehensive, and effective set of responses to children whose problems tend to be complex and multifaceted (Bruner, 1991; GAO, 1992; Goode, 1990; Lassen & Janey, 1991; Melaville, 1991; Melaville & Blank, 1991; Melaville, Blank, & Asayesh, 1993; Rist, 1992). A reading of the literature suggests that the time has arrived for collaboration
Blockade of frontocortical-brain stem pathway prevents ventricular fibrillation of ischemic heart (1981)

The hypothesis tested was that functional blockade of a pathway known to travel from the frontal cortex through the posterior hypothalamus to the brain stem might prevent the occurrence of ventricular fibrillation (VF) in the ischemic heart of conscious stressed pigs. The hypothesis was based on previous findings that 1) psychological stress is a necessary factor for the initiation of VF in the ischemic heart of conscious pigs, 2) the frontal cortex and its related thalamic gating mechanism, uniquely show neuroelectric responses to stressful stimuli, and 3) direct electric stimulation of either the frontal cortex, posterior hypothalamus, or fields of Forel will produce ventricular arrhythmias and myocardial necrosis. In the present study it was found that cryogenic blockade of the forebrain, posterior hypothalamus, or fields of Forel prevents or delays VF after left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion in conscious stressed pigs (P less than 0.01). Blockade of control structures adjacent to these loci in another group of pigs had no effect on VF latency. Neither heart rate nor electroencephalographic changes could explain the differences between the groups. The results show that blockade of the frontocortical-brain stem pathway prevents the lethal consequences of myocardial ischemia in stressed animals.
Multimedia telehomecare system using standard TV set (2002)

Nowadays, there are a very large number of patients that need specific health support at home. The deployment of broadband communication networks is making feasible the provision of home care services with a proper quality of service. This paper presents a telehomecare multimedia platform that runs over integrated services digital network and internet protocol using videoconferencing standards H.320 and H.323, and standard TV set for patient interaction. This platform allows online remote monitoring: ECG, heart sound, blood pressure. Usability, affordability, and interoperability were considered for the design and development of its hardware and software components. A first evaluation of technical and usability aspects were carried forward with 52 patients of a private clinic and 10 students in the University. Results show a high rate (mean = 4.33, standard deviation--SD = 1.63 in a five-points Likert scale) in the global perception of users on the quality of images, voice, and feeling of virtual presence.
Structure of everninomicin D (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure of everninomicin DA. K. Ganguly, O. Z. Sarre, D. Greeves, and J. MortonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 7, 1982–1985Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00840a078https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00840a078research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views172Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cytomegalovirus as a possible cause of a disease resembling infectious mononucleosis. (1965)

No simple correlation between bowel habit and age was observed.
An 8-Gb/s optical backplane bus based on microchannel interconnects: design, fabrication, and performance measurements (2000)

We describe the characteristics of a microchannel-based optical backplane including signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), interconnect distances, and data transfer rates. The backplane employs 250 /spl mu/m-spacing two-dimensional (2-D) vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) and a microlens array to implement 500 /spl mu/m-, 750 /spl mu/m-, and 1-mm optical beam arrays. By integrating the transmitter and a multiplexed polymeric hologram as a deflector/beam-splitter for the guided-wave optical backplane, the result demonstrates a multibus line architecture and its high-speed characteristics. Maximum interconnect distances of 6 cm and 14 cm can be achieved to satisfy 10/sup -12/ bit error rate (BER) using 2/spl times/2 beams of 500 /spl mu/m- and 1 mm-spacing array devices. The total data transfer rate of the developed backplane has shown 8 Gb/s from eye diagram measurements.
Development of a lifelong learning system in china: Progress and outlook (2013)

Since their introduction into China in the late 1970s, the concepts of lifelong education and lifelong learning have received enthusiastic responses from the Chinese authorities. Education reforms with a lifelong learning theme have been launched, while significant progress has been made through institutional, structural and technical changes. Having a clear objective that China should basically qualify as a learning society by 2020 (defined as one in which learning is a lifelong endeavour of the whole nation), the Chinese authorities have identified reinforcing pre-school education and continuing education as strategic points of leverage in developing a coherent system of lifelong learning encompassing early childhood education, initial education and continuing education. Having reached a point for further advancement, continuing education in China is presented with the strategic task of remodeling itself to become equipped with clearer goals and an operating system with a higher degree of functionality, reasonableness and robustness. To do so, partnership with stakeholders should be forged; informationalization of education should be pushed forward; and reforms on pilot basis should be carried out to explore workable solutions and strategies through on-going experimentation.
Joule-heating-enhanced colossal magnetoresistance in La0.8Ca0.2MnO3 films (2006)

The temperature, magnetic field, and current dependence of the magnetotransport properties of a La0.8Ca0.2MnO3 film were studied in a regime of strong Joule heating. In current-voltage curves an abrupt hysteretic transition was observed which is induced by global and nondestructive Joule heating of the manganite film by a large electric current. The apparent magnetoresistance measured at an appropriate temperature/current parameter set is strongly enhanced by a feedback between magnetoresistance and Joule heating.
The roles of density-tunable surface oxygen vacancy over bouquet-like Bi2O3 in enhancing photocatalytic activity (2013)

Bouquet-like hierarchical Bi2O3 photocatalyst materials with high-density surface oxygen vacancy are synthesized via a hydrothermal method by the synergetic control of NaOH and a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) stabilizer. The OH(-) ion addition led to the formation of more relaxed PVA macromolecular clusters, as a result, a thinner PVA film was formed, the species adsorbed on the surface of the produced Bi2O3 crystal nucleus could tune both the surface microstructure size and oxygen vacancy density via controlling the velocity, transfer and reaction of the OH(-) ions. The significant enhancement of photocatalytic performances could be attributed to the high density of the surface oxygen vacancy which was propitious to the charge separation efficiencies, distribution characteristic, and its role in a photo-redox reaction. A turnable-bending self-assembly mechanism was proposed to clarify the formation process of the bouquet-like hierarchical structure.
Generalized solution to multispecies transport equations coupled with a first‐order reaction network (2001)

A generalized solution methodology is presented for deriving analytical solutions to multispecies transport equations coupled with multiparent, serial, parallel, converging, diverging, and/or reversible first‐order reactions. The method is flexible for solving one‐, two‐, or three‐dimensional advection‐dispersion equations that are coupled with a set of first‐order reactions. However, a major limitation is that the method cannot be used for solving multispecies transport equations with different retardation factors. Mathematical steps are provided to illustrate how the general solution method can be derived using linear transformation principles and to show why the method would fail when the retardation factors are different. Derivations are also presented to demonstrate how the Sun et al . [1999b] method for solving sequential reactive transport problems, which was previously presented without any fundamental analysis, can be deduced from the general solution. The results of the presented solution scheme for a test problem compare well with the numerical solution computed using the RT3D code. The proposed methodology is useful for developing simple analytical models that can be used to perform screening simulations and can be used to test complex multispecies transport codes.
Remark on algorithm 515 (2007)

We present a correction to Algorithm 515 [Buckles and Lybanon 1977].
A Survey of Phishing Email Filtering Techniques (2013)

Phishing email is one of the major problems of today's Internet, resulting in financial losses for organizations and annoying individual users. Numerous approaches have been developed to filter phishing emails, yet the problem still lacks a complete solution. In this paper, we present a survey of the state of the art research on such attacks. This is the first comprehensive survey to discuss methods of protection against phishing email attacks in detail. We present an overview of the various techniques presently used to detect phishing email, at the different stages of attack, mostly focusing on machine-learning techniques. A comparative study and evaluation of these filtering methods is carried out. This provides an understanding of the problem, its current solution space, and the future research directions anticipated.
Electrographic and Behavioral Study of Convulsants in the Cat (1969)

Electrical activity from six sites in the cat brain was monitored before and after systemic and intracerebral administration of graded doses of local anesthetics, pentylenetetrazol and morphine, and correlated with behavioral changes. Results suggest that the amygdaler hypersynchronous fast-ware response evoked by convulsant doses of local anesthetics is due to a lowering of this site's threshold to olfactory inputs. Intracerebral infusion of butacaine into the ventral hippocampus elicited electrographic pattern changes very similar to that induced by systemic administration of local anesthetics. Infusion of pentylenetetrazol into the mesencephalic reticular formation elicited an overall, attenuated electrographic pattern almost identical to that induced by systemic administration of this drug. Morphine given in excitant dosages subcutaneously elicited isolated hippo-campal spiking; the hippocampus also had the lowest threshold to this drug of three sites infused.
Arginase and ornithine, as markers in human non-small cell lung carcinoma. (1999)

The arginase activity and ornithine level were determined in tissue obtained from patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSLC). The arginase activity and ornithine level in tumor tissues were 1.89 +/- 1.28 U/mg protein and 42.32 +/- 25.82 nmol/mg protein, respectively versus 0.67 +/- 0.19 U/mg protein and 10.12 +/- 3.69 nmol/mg protein for normal tissues (p < 0.01).
Chromosome Abnormalities in Constitutional Aplastic Anemia (1966)

IN 1927 the condition now known as Fanconi's aplastic anemia was first described in 3 brothers with pancytopenia and multiple congenital anomalies.1 Since that time numerous reports have analyzed the clinical and hematologic aspects of this syndrome.2 3 4 It is now apparent that Fanconi's aplastic anemia is quite variable in its manifestations. Therefore, the designation "constitutional aplastic anemia" has been applied to all patients with aplastic anemia with or without congenital anomalies in whom a constitutional defect is suggested by the familial occurrence or congenital onset of the disease. Under this classification system Fanconi's aplastic anemia is considered as one variety . . .
Therapeutic potential of histamine H3 receptor antagonists in dementias (2010)

Selective antagonism of centrally localized histamine H(3) receptors has been shown to enhance the release of a wide spectrum of important neurotransmitters including acetylcholine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, dopamine and noradrenalin, among others, which play fundamental roles in cognitive processes, in an output-dependent manner. The cognitive-enhancing effects of H(3) receptor antagonists across multiple cognitive domains in a wide number of preclinical cognition models also endow confidence in this therapeutic strategy for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and the cognitive deficits often expressed in schizophrenia. Recent positive clinical reports are beginning to reinforce this optimism.
Efficiency and Temperature Dependence of Water Removal by Membrane Dryers (1997)

The vapor pressure of water in equilibrium with sorption sites within a Nafion membrane is given by log P(WN) = -3580/T + 10.01, where P(WN) is expressed in Torr and T is the membrane temperature, in kelvin. The efficiency of dryers based on selective permeation of water through Nafion can thus be enhanced by cooling the membrane. Residual water in effluents exceeds equilibrium levels if insufficient time is allowed for water to diffuse to the membrane surface as gas passes through the dryer. For tubular configurations, this limitation can be avoided if L > or = Fc(10(3.8)/120 pi D), where L is the length of the tubular membrane, in centimeters, Fc is the gas flow rate, in mL/ min, and D is the diffusion coefficient for water in the carrier gas at the operating temperature of the dryer, in cm2/s. An efficient dryer that at room temperature dries gas to a dew point of -61 degrees C is described; the same dryer maintained at 0 degrees C yields a dew point of -80 degrees C and removes water as effectively as Mg(ClO4)2 or a dry ice/acetone slush. The use of Nafion membranes to construct devices capable of delivering gas streams with low but precisely controlled humidities is discussed.