gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rapid Room‐Temperature Synthesis of Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks by Using Mechanochemistry (2010)

Mahl-Steine: Verbesserte mechanochemische Methoden wie flüssigkeitsinduziertes Zermahlen und ionen- und flüssigkeitsinduziertes Zermahlen ermöglichen die schnelle und topologisch selektive Synthese von porösen und nichtporösen zeolithischen Imidazolatgerüsten mit diversen Topologien bei Raumtemperatur und direkt ausgehend von Zinkoxid (siehe Schema). Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Activation automatique et contrôlée du savoir lexico-sémantique chez les cérébrolésés droits (1989)

Cette étude a pour but de vérifier que les troubles lexico-sémantiques du droitier porteur d'une lésion hémisphérique droite s'associent à une difficulté d'utilisation (activation contrôlée) du savoir lexico-sémantique plutôt qu'à une perturbation de l'organisation de ce même savoir (activation automatique). Dix sujets cérébrolésés droits (CD) et dix sujets témoins sont soumis à trois tâches : une épreuve de décision lexicale avec amorçage sémantique de type automatique (évaluant l'activation automatique), une épreuve de décision lexicale avec amorçage sémantique mais cette fois de type contrôlé, une tâche de jugement sémantique. En condition d'amorçage contrôlé, l'absence de coûts lors du traitement des mots-cibles ne permet pas de conclure avec certitude quant au caractère contrôlé de l'amorçage induit. Toutefois, les CD s'avèrent être aussi sensibles à l'amorçage sémantique que les sujets témoins lors des deux épreuves de décision lexicale. A la tâche de jugement sémantique, les CD obtiennent des scores significativement inférieurs à ceux des sujets témoins. Ces résultats confirment que l'origine des troubles lexico-sémantiques des sujets CD est plus à rechercher du côté de l'activation contrôlée du savoir lexico-sémantique qu'au sein d'une désorganisation lexico-sémantique.
ChemInform Abstract: Photoinduced Intramolecular Electron Transfer in Peptide‐Bridged Molecules. (1988)

Abstract The two series of complexes (Ia), (Ib) and (Ic) are prepared and characterized in which a polypyridyl Ru(II) complex is linked to p‐dimethoxybenzene (DMB) or p‐benzoquinone (Q) moieties by peptide bridges containing L‐proline.
Effects of the New Anti-Ulcer Drug Ecabet Sodium (TA-2711) on Pepsin Activity I. Inactivation of Enzyme Protein (1993)

To investigate the mechanism of the anti-peptic action of ecabet sodium (TA-2711) observed in pylorus-ligated rats, effects of this drug on the peptic activity of rat gastric juice, purified hog pepsin and pepsinogen were studied in vitro. After incubation with or without ecabet at acidic pH, the reaction mixture was centrifuged, and the peptic activity of the supernatant was measured. Ecabet depressed the peptic activity of pepsin and pepsinogen in parallel with a decrease in the protein concentration of the respective supernatant. Depression was greatest with pepsinogen (97% at 2.5 mg/ml of the drug) followed by gastric juice (about 60% at 10 mg/ml), and inhibition of the peptic activity of pepsin was weakest (about 10% at 10 mg/ml). When a fraction of the rat gastric juice containing substances with molecular weights below 10,000 was added to the pepsin solution, the anti-peptic activity of ecabet was potentiated. These results suggest that oral dosing of ecabet reduces the peptic activity of gastric juice by precipitating pepsin, which is facilitated by an unknown component(s) of gastric juice, and that the inactivation of pepsinogen may also contribute to the anti-peptic activity of ecabet.
A Basic Study on Cold Working of Glassy Polymers (2005)

We examined applicability of highly non-equilibrium states in a polymer glass to its cold working. To study the cold-workability of a polymer glass, we first deformed poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) in uniaxial compression up to the yield point at 30°C to have its highly non-equilibrium state and subsequently stretched it. The tensile fracture strain of such PMMA specimens was nearly ten times as large as that for specimens simply stretched without pre-compression. When the specimens compressed up to the yield point (εc = 0.2) were left under the strained state for various time periods, the tensile fracture strain increased with length of the time period. The pre-compression up to the yield point was confirmed as a quite effective procedure for cold working of brittle plastics.
<title>White-light interferometric measurements of aqueous media dispersive properties</title> (1997)

We present dispersion curves for aqueous media measured with a white-light interferometric technique. Data is presented for wavelength ranges in the visible and near IR. Materials investigated include high purity water and primate vitreous. Results are examined with regard to retinal damage mechanisms associated with ultrashort laser pulse exposures. In this pulse duration regime the dispersive nature of the medium can play a critical role in predicting damage thresholds. These values are also critical to the development of nonlinear propagation models. We compare our results to other measurement techniques which determined index of refraction at a series of single wavelength points. Results indicate that he dispersive trends in the materials can be quickly and accurately mapped over a wide spectral range using this technique.
Large vessel vasculitis and spondyloarthritis: coincidence or associated diseases? (2014)

We have demonstrated a higher than anticipated prevalence of SpA in LVV, given the reported 0.5-1% prevalence in the general population. Coexisting SpA should be considered in LVV patients exhibiting inflammatory back pain despite steroid initiation. Ferritin antibodies demonstrated a similarly high prevalence in aortitis and SpA as reported previously in untreated GCA and PMR.
Analysis of the Atomic Scale Oxygen Vacancy Ordering by EELS and Z-Contrast Imaging (2000)

Abstract Perovskite-type oxides with high electronic and ionic conductivity are very promising materials for use as dense ceramic membranes for oxygen separation. For the successful implementation of practical ceramic membranes, a full understanding of the parameters controlling the degree of non-stoichiometry, i.e. the defect chemistry is essential. A combination of Z-contrast imaging and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) in the scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) can be used to directly image crystal and defect structures and the effect of the structures on the local electronic properties (i.e. oxygen coordination and cation valence). Here the defect chemistry in SrCoO3-δ before and after a reduction treatment at high temperatures is investigated in the JEOL 201 OF STEM. This material is known to exist in a wide a variety of phases with different crystal structures, compositions and valence states of cobalt, and can be highly oxygen deficient.
Studies on antiulcer drugs. 7. 2-Guanidino-4-pyridylthiazoles as histamine H2-receptor antagonists with potent gastroprotective effects against nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug-induced injury (1994)

A series of 2-guanidino-4-pyridylthiazole derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for anti-aspirin-ulcer, gastric antisecretory, and histamine-H2-receptor-antagonist activities. Several compounds showed superior anti-aspirin-ulcer activity to that of clinically used H2-antagonists in the rat. Among them, 4-[6-(acetamidomethyl)pyridin-2-yl]-2-guanidinothiazole (8) demonstrated potent inhibitory activities against gastric lesions caused by two kinds of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, aspirin and indomethacin, respectively, in addition to strong antisecretory activity. Compound 8 possessed a preventable ability for the aspirin-induced reduction of the gastric mucosal blood flow at an intragastric administration of 32 mg/kg in the rat. On the other hand, famotidine (32 mg/kg) exhibited no significant effect and ranitidine (100 mg/kg) aggravated the blood flow in this system.
Effects of radiation on materials, proceedings of the 10th international symposium (1981)

The volume contains 46 papers presented at the meeting. The papers are grouped under general topics that include thermal reactor vessels, solid radioactive waste, fundamental studies, mechanical properties, microstructure and swelling and creep swelling behavior. Specific subjects covered include radiation embrittlement of pressure vessel steels, radiation-enhanced diffusion in face-centered cubic materials, welded joints, stainless steel, nickel alloys, zirconium alloys, molybdenum alloys and other metals, microstructural development, microchemical evolution, gamma-prime coarsening, irradiated materials measurement technology, stress-enhanced swelling of metals during irradiation, and others. All papers are separately abstracted.
Soluble mannan and Î²-glucan inhibit the uptake of<i>Malassezia furfur</i>by human monocytic cell line, THP-1 (1998)

The uptake of live and heat-killed Malassezia furfur HIC 3321, HIC 3343 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231 by human monocytic cell line, THP-1, was examined. THP-1 was differentiated by PMA for 7 days before use. The uptake of these yeasts by THP-1 was increased in a concentration-dependent manner of yeasts, and the uptake reached plateau level at the E/T (yeast/THP-1) ratio 5. In addition, a higher percentage of heat-killed cells than live cells was taken in THP-1. Yeast mannan and beta-1,3-glucan, random coiled conformer, inhibited the uptake of live and heat-killed M. furfur by THP-1, though dextran T-250, that is alpha-glucan, and schizophyllan (SPG), triple helix conformer of beta-glucan, did not. Interestingly, mannan inhibited the uptake of both types, live and heat-killed, of C. albicans, however, laminaran inhibited the uptake of heat-killed C. albicans alone. Opsonization of these yeasts with normal human serum enhanced the uptake of yeasts, although opsonization with heat-inactivated serum, the treatment at 56 degrees C for 30 min, did not enhance. These results suggested that live and heat-killed M. furfur was recognized by THP-1 through mannose receptor, beta-glucan receptor and complement receptor type 3 via the activation of alternative pathway of complement.
Facile synthesis of 5,8‐linked quinoline‐based copolymers (2012)

Abstract Coupling quinoline at its 5,8‐positions provides a facile way to copolymerize quinoline with other conjugated moieties without breaking conjugation. Model compounds containing quinoline units, either at the periphery or in the core, were synthesized and one of them was characterized by X‐ray diffraction. Copolymers of quinoline and 9,9‐dialkylfluorene (R = n ‐octyl or 2‐ethylhexyl) were synthesized in good yield by palladium‐catalysed Suzuki cross‐coupling. The copolymers are highly soluble in common organic solvents and gel permeation chromatography measurements against polystyrene standards showed the number‐average molecular weight to be in the range (1.02–2.06) × 10 4 g mol −1 . Both copolymers emit in the blue region with an emission maximum centred at 435 nm. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Optimal routing algorithms for rectilinear pin clusters in high-density multichip modules (2008)

As the circuit densities and transistor counts are increasing, the package routing problem is becoming more and more challenging. In this article, we study an important routing problem encountered in typical high-end MCM designs: routing within dense pin clusters. Pin clusters are often formed by pins that belong to the same functional unit or the same data bus, and can become bottlenecks in terms of overall routability. Typically, these clusters have irregular shapes, which can be approximated with rectilinear convex boundaries. Since such boundaries have often irregular shapes, a traditional escape routing algorithm may give unroutable solutions. In this article, we study how the positions of escape terminals on a convex boundary affect the overall routability. For this purpose, we propose a set of necessary and sufficient conditions to model routability outside a rectilinear convex boundary. Given an escape routing solution, we propose an optimal algorithm to select the maximal subset of nets that are routable outside the boundary. After that, we focus on an integrated approach to consider routability constraints (outside the boundary) during the actual escape routing algorithm. Here, we propose an optimal algorithm to find the best escape routing solution that satisfies all routability constraints. Our experiments demonstrate that we can reduce the number of layers by 17% on the average, by using this integrated methodology.
Gamma Globulin Prophylaxis to Reduce Post-Transfusion Non-A, Non-B Hepatitis After Cardiac Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass (1991)

A prospective, randomized study of immune serum globulin (ISG) for prevention of post-transfusion hepatitis was performed on 196 patients (100 controls without gammaglobulin or placebo and 96 who received ISG) undergoing valve replacement or coronary artery bypass with extracorporeal circulation. The dose of ISG was 2 ml i.m. at premedication and 2 ml i.m. on postoperative day 3. Probable non-A, non-B hepatitis developed postoperatively in ten of the 100 controls and two of the 96 in the ISG group. Two ISG patients and three controls with non-A, non-B hepatitis still have increased serum aminotransferase values after 3-5 years, but liver biopsy revealed hepatitis, which histologically was very mild, in only two control and two ISG patients. Low-dose gamma globulin thus reduced the incidence of acute, probable non-A, non-B hepatitis in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.
Chlorination kinetics of zirconia in an RF chlorine plasma tail flame (1980)

Abstract The chlorination kinetics of zirconia were studied in a single stationary particle reactor system. A plasma of pure chlorine generated by an induction torch provided both the high enthalpy field and the reacting gas. The influence on the rate of conversion of such parameters as temperature, chlorine concentration (in the presence of argon) and particle diameter and porosity were investigated. Based on experimental and theoretical studies, rate equations were developed under different rate controlling mechanisms. The chlorination of zirconia in the particle temperature range of 1 540° to 2 480°K obeyed a shrinking core reaction model. The reaction was chemically controlled below 1 950°K, and above this temperature both chemical and mass transfer resistances were important. The experimental results confirmed the theoretical analysis.
Response to Smalley's discussion of ‘A call for Australian loess’ (2008)

A concise response to Smalley's discussion of my ‘Call for Australian loess’ paper ( Haberlah 2007 , Area 39 224–9) elaborating on past and possible future Australian contributions to the international loess debate. The suggested idea of dividing loess into three separate categories ‘glacial loess’, ‘desert loess’ and ‘mountain loess’ is questioned by emphasising common links.
Comparison of Steroids and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers for Patients with Advanced IgA Nephropathy and Impaired Renal Function (2011)

The beneficial effect of ARBs on renal survival of advanced IgA nephropathy with impaired renal function is equal to that with steroids.
The DAF-3 Smad protein antagonizes TGF-β-related receptor signaling in the <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>dauer pathway (1997)

Signals from TGF-beta superfamily receptors are transduced to the nucleus by Smad proteins, which transcriptionally activate target genes. In Caenorhabditis elegans, defects in a TGF-beta-related pathway cause a reversible developmental arrest and metabolic shift at the dauer larval stage. Null mutations in daf-3 suppress mutations in genes encoding this TGF-beta signal, its receptors, and associated Smad signal transduction proteins. daf-3 encodes a Smad protein that is most closely related to mammalian DPC4, and is expressed throughout development in many of the tissues that are remodeled during dauer development. DAF-4, the type II TGF-beta receptor in this pathway, is also expressed in remodeled tissues. These data suggest that the DAF-7 signal from sensory neurons acts as a neuroendocrine signal throughout the body to directly regulate developmental and metabolic shifts in tissues that are remodeled during dauer formation. A full-length functional DAF-3/GFP fusion protein is predominantly cytoplasmic, and this localization is independent of activity of the upstream TGF-beta-related pathway. However, this fusion protein is associated with chromosomes in mitotic cells, suggesting that DAF-3 binds DNA directly or indirectly. DAF-3 transgenes also interfere with dauer formation, perhaps attributable to a dosage effect. A truncated DAF-3/GFP fusion protein that is predominantly nuclear interferes with dauer formation, implying a role for DAF-3 in the nucleus. These data suggest that DAF-7 signal transduction antagonizes or modifies DAF-3 Smad activity in the nucleus to induce reproductive development; when DAF-7 signals are disabled, unmodified DAF-3 Smad activity mediates dauer arrest and its associated metabolic shift. Therefore, daf-3 is unique in that it is antagonized, rather than activated, by a TGF-beta pathway.
Spider transparent clock (2008)

This paper discusses a device, the spider transparent clock, which can be used to retrofit existing bridges and routers to allow them to deliver highly accurate time using the IEEE 1588 protocol. The spider transparent clock corrects for the internal queuing jitter and asymmetry introduced by these bridges and routers.
The Subprime Impact on China (2009)

The damaging financial effect of the subprime crisis on China and its banking system is limited: less than 1% of total assets in the system, according to the market estimation. Even the deepening of the crisis after US investment bank Lehman Brothers went broke in September 2008 did not inflict further damage on Chinese banks because they had been cutting foreign risk exposure way before the crisis. This limited impact was a result of government ownership, strict regulations and a closed capital account that have all added up to shield the Chinese financial system from the external shock. Hence, there was no confidence crisis and no counterparty risk in the Chinese banking system.
A Unique Chlorine–Methyl Exchange Reaction upon Treatment of Dichloroorganogallium Compounds, RGaCl<sub>2</sub>, with the Bulky Alkyllithium Derivative LiC(SiMe<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub> (2011)

Reaction of the organogallium chlorides C6H6–n[C(H)═C(GaCl2)-SiR3]n (1 to 4; R = Me, Ph) with the bulky alkyllithium derivative Li(THF)2C(SiMe3)3 did not afford the expected alkylgallium chlorides by salt elimination. Instead, compounds (5 to 7) were isolated that had methyl groups attached to gallium, while chlorine atoms moved to silicon to yield Ga(Me)-C(SiMe3)2(SiMe2Cl) moieties. On the basis of quantum chemical calculations the formation of these unprecedented structural motifs is caused by kinetic control involving cyclic transition states as initiating steps. The anticipated, but experimentally not observed products having the intact Ga(Cl)-C(SiMe3)3 subunits (8) were calculated to be thermodynamically favored.
Aromatic polyisophthalamides with <i>N</i>‐benzylidene pendant groups (1992)

Abstract A new series of modified polyisophthalamides bearing N ‐benzylidene pendant groups was prepared by reacting various aromatic diamines with 5‐( N ‐benzylidene) isophthalic acid. The latter was synthesized from the reaction of 5‐aminoisophthalic acid with benzaldehyde and characterized by IR and 1 H‐NMR spectroscopy. Triphenyl phosphite and pyridine was used as condensing agents for preparing polyamides. In addition, the corresponding unsubstituted polyisophthalamides were prepared under identical experimental conditions for comparative purposes. Characterization of modified polyamides was accomplished by IR as well as inherent viscosity measurements. They showed a slightly lower solubility in various media than the corresponding unsubstituted polyamides. The cured modified polyamides displayed significantly higher thermal stability than the cured unsubstituted polyamides. They were stable up to 355–308°C in N 2 or air and afforded anaerobic char yield of 66–61% at 800°C. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Acetylacetone Covalent Triazine Framework: An Efficient Carbon Capture and Storage Material and a Highly Stable Heterogeneous Catalyst (2018)

We present, for the first time, covalent triazine frameworks functionalized with acetylacetonate group (acac-CTFs). They are obtained from the polymerization of 4,4′-malonyldibenzonitrile under ionothermal conditions and exhibit BET surface areas up to 1626 m2/g. The materials show excellent CO2 uptake (3.30 mmol/g at 273 K and 1 bar), H2 storage capacity (1.53 wt % at 77 K and 1 bar), and a good CO2/N2 selectivity (up to 46 at 298 K). The enhanced CO2 uptake value and good selectivity are due to the presence of dual polar sites (N and O) throughout the material. In addition, acac-CTF was used to anchor VO(acac)2 as a heterogeneous catalyst. The V@acacCTF showed outstanding reactivity and reusability for the modified Mannich-type reaction with a higher turnover number than the homogeneous catalyst. The higher reactivity and reusability of the catalyst come from the coordination of the vanadyl ions to the acetyl acetonate groups present in the material. The strong metalation is confirmed from Fourier transform infrared analysis, 13C MAS NMR spectral analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurement. Detailed characterization of the V@acac-CTF reveals that electron donation from O∧O of the acetylacetonate group to VO(acac)2, combined with the very high surface area of acac-CTF, is responsible for the stabilization of the catalyst. Overall, this contribution highlights the necessity of stable catalytic binding sites on heterogeneous supports to fabricate greener catalysts for sustainable chemistry.
Crop Water Status Control With Temperature-Time Threshold Irrigation (2003)

Center pivot and subsurface drip irrigation systems can accurately apply variablequantities of irrigation. A robust irrigation timing protocol that can function in variable environments isneeded to maximize crop use of available water. Canopy temperature (TC) has been successfullyused to time irrigation applications for well-watered crop growing conditions. The cumulative dailytime that TC exceeds a crop specific temperature threshold, designated as stress time (ST), is usedto indicate the need for irrigation. The ST value that generates the irrigation signal is the timethreshold (TT). Manipulation of the TT value changes irrigation frequency and seasonal irrigationquantity. This paper describes a procedure for estimating the relationship between TT for cotton andquantity of water input. Data were analyzed from multiple studies that included a common control TTof 330 min/day above a canopy temperature threshold of 28 C as the irrigation signal criteria forwell-watered cotton. Daily ST averaged over the irrigation season was correlated with cotton yieldand water input. A procedure for identifying control TT to establish different crop water status levelsis described. Average TT values were 408, 468, and 528 min./day, which corresponded with controlTT values of 330, 390, and 450 min/day. These control TT should result in different water applicationamounts during the growing season and produce different cotton yields.