gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interfaces Between C<roman>d</roman>T<roman>e</roman> and ALD A<roman>l</roman><sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (2018)

We present a combination of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) to probe the details of interface formation between CdTe and alumina deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD). Alumina ALD using water as the oxygen source causes the elimination of Te oxides that are initially present on air-exposed CdTe surfaces. TRPL on the resulting CdTe interface indicates some degree of passivation. On the other hand, postgrowth treatment of Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> /CdTe structures with CdCl <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> and oxygen causes regrowth of Te oxides. Some of these structures show improved lifetimes, thereby pointing toward a critical role for Te oxides in interfacial CdTe passivation by Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> . Direct measurement of band positions with XPS indicates that the passivation is caused primarily by chemical rather than field effect mechanisms.
Disposition of sodium salicylate, flunixin and meloxicam after intravenous administration in broiler chickens (2002)

Three nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) [sodium salicylate, flunixin (FLU) and meloxicam (MEL)] were administered intravenously to broiler chickens. Plasma concentrations were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography methods and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. After intravenous administration of sodium salicylate (50 mg/kg), FLU (1.1 mg/kg) and MEL (0.5 mg/kg), these drugs were eliminated from plasma with a mean half-life of 04.04, 05.45 and 03.20 h, respectively. Apparent volumes of distribution (0.39, 0.08 and 0.12 L/kg, respectively) indicated that tissue distribution was limited for the three drugs. Total body clearance was 70 mL/h.kg for sodium salicylate and 10 and 25 mL/kg.h for FLU and MEL, respectively. Based on the pharmacokinetic parameters these NSAIDs may offer possibilities for treatment of various conditions in chickens.
γ-Silylated α,β-unsaturated amides — Preparation by [1,5]-sigmatropic rearrangement and use as masked dienolate equivalents in carbonyl condensations (2009)

The reaction of lithium dienolates derived from N,N-dialkylsenecioamides (1a–1c) with triorganosilyl electrophiles occurs initially at the oxygen atom predominantly, and is followed by an O → C silicon migration to afford the γ-silylated senecioamides (4a–4h). The γ-silylated senecioamide Z-4a undergoes fluoride-ion-mediated condensations with aromatic aldehydes to give kinetic α-(6) and thermodynamic γ-(5) condensation product patterns comparable to lithium dienolates. The TiCl 4 -mediated reactions with aldehydes gives α-products (6) in a highly syn-selective manner. Possible transition-state models for the syn-selective condensations are discussed and a chair-like transition state featuring bidentate coordination to titanium (11) is proposed.
SUMCASTEC_181003_NA_EMF-Med 2018 Pres_Conference presentation_.pdf_Limoges_A.Pothier_Public_NA (2018)

Presentation of conference paper entitled "High-Frequency Dielectrophoresis Characterization of Differentiated vs Undifferentiated Medulloblastoma Cells" at the 1st EMF-Med World Conference on Biomedical Applications of Electromagnetic Fields. Split, Croatia. Presented by Dr A. Pothier on 10th September 2018.
Medical Virtual Integrated Training Environment (VITE) (2015)

The purpose of this paper is to present a virtual integrated training environment (VITE) under development by ODU and EVMS for use with manikin-based medical training, in manner that exploits computer communication to the manikin. Current medical training uses a self-contained commercial manikin in an ordinary classroom lacking other medical equipment. This system includes tablet-based simulators that represent real medical equipment that is able to directly interact with the manikin. A previous capstone design class also developed a virtual environment with manikin-based training [2]. That group was able to develop virtual devices but was not able to get the devices to communicate with the manikin and vice versa. VITE will establish a communication network that integrates the functionality of the manikin with its surrounding environment. The manikin will function with devices that are able to send and receive information. The paper begins with a physical description of the overall system. Then, the system architecture and system components are detailed. The paper concludes with a functionality description of the prototype devices. A prototype system is currently being developed for Eastern Virginia Medical School as part of a M&SE Capstone Design Course at Old Dominion University.
Does it Pay to Work in the United States (2003)

Does it pay to work? That is a tough question to answer. In general, more work means a higher income and, therefore, higher taxes. A higher income usually also leads to fewer entitlement benefits (such as Food Stamps). Moreover, the effects of working today are not limited to today’s higher taxes and today’s loss of
Neutralizing Ability of Sera from Three Strains of Chickens for Rous Sarcoma Virus (1966)

THE occurrence of antibodies or antibody-like factors in the sera of poultry capable of neutralizing the virus of Rous sarcoma has been reported frequently in the scientific literature: Andrewes (1931, 1939), Sittenfield et al. (1931), Duran-Reynals (1940), Kenzy and Neuzil (1953), Bang and Haley (1958), Dougherty et al. (1960) and Bang and Foard (1963). Determining the exact relationship of these neutralizing antibodies to Rous sarcoma virus is complicated, however, by other avian neoplastic viruses, particularly those of the avian leukosis complex. Moreover, Rubin and Vogt (1962) reported the presence of an avian leukosis virus in stocks of Rous sarcoma virus. Antibodies which are able to neutralize Rous sarcoma virus may also demonstrate cross-reactivity with viruses of the avian leukosis complex, Hanafusa et al. (1964). The purpose of this study was to investigate the natural occurrence of substances which neutralize Rous sarcoma virus in the sera of three genetically different strains …
Three-Level Single-Phase Bridgeless PFC Rectifiers (2014)

This paper presents new three-level unidirectional single-phase PFC rectifier topologies well suited for applications targeting high efficiency and/or high power density. The characteristics of a selected novel rectifier topology including its principles of operation, modulation strategy, feedback control scheme, and a power circuit design related analysis are presented. Finally, a 220-V/3-kW laboratory prototype is constructed and used in order to verify the characteristics of the new converter, which include remarkably low switching losses and single ac-side boost inductor, that allow for a 98.6% peak efficiency with a switching frequency of 140 kHz.
S-Band bulk silicon BARITT diode (1972)

The feasibility of fabricating a high quality S-band Baritt diode of bulk grown silicon has been established. Experimental Pt-n-Pt diodes were constructed with 5 mW output operating at 70 volts with a load efficiency of more than 2%. A special feature of these diodes is their operation at very low current densities (≈ 2A/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ). These diodes have the low noise properties characteristic of the BARITT diode and appear to be especially suitable for low drain local oscillator applications and as sources in low power Doppler radars, such as Intrusion Alarms. The fabricating techniques are readily adapted to produce p <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> nn <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> and n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> p n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> diodes as well as MSM types.
An approach for using procedure manuals as a source for Requirements Elicitation (2012)

Requirements Elicitation (RE) is a complex process that involves seeking, uncovering, capturing, and elaborating requirements in the software development process. Background Reading (BR) is a scarcely used technique for capturing software requirements. BR is an analytical method which uses existing documents as a source for RE. Although the usage of technical documentation as a source for the requirements elicitation process is accepted, discussed, or even listed by several authors, they establish neither specific techniques nor detailed instructions for applying BR. In this sense, we propose a method as an initial approach for using the BR technique in the context of the RE process. In this method we describe how an analyst uses a document as a source for the requirements elicitation process, by extracting domain knowledge and business information. The proposal is based on a specific type of technical document (procedure manual), which is structured in a formal language.
The case for an intermediate representation for programmable data planes (2015)

Software-Defined Networking (SDN) switch vendors are interested in extending switch data planes to support new and continuously evolving network protocols (e.g., NVGRE, VXLAN). Numerous commercial programmable data plane devices already enable a programmer to specify various aspects of the data plane including packet parsing, actions, and the layout of packet processing on the hardware device itself. Unlike OpenFlow-based devices, which only expose a series of fixed match-action table (MAT) abstraction, these specialized devices provide a more flexible abstraction for packet processing. Despite the increased programmability that these devices offer, however, the architecture of the target restricts the features that can be exposed to the programmer. Similarly, existing languages for programming the data planes in such devices (e.g., P4) assume a specific computational model, resembling the architecture of the device for which they are targeted for. Unfortunately, this model leads to similar limitations as in OpenFlow, where the high-level specification is coupled to the underlying device model.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Synthesis of Mono‐ and Polyhalogenated Benzocyclanones. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Bilayer-by-bilayer antiferroelectric ordering in freely suspended films of an achiral polymer-monomer liquid crystal mixture (2000)

Thin freely suspended films of a mixture of an achiral side-chain liquid crystal polymer and its monomer have been studied with depolarized reflected light microscopy. We observe that regions with an odd number of bilayers exhibit a net spontaneous polarization in the tilt plane of the molecules, while regions with an even number of bilayers have no net polarization. These odd-even effects are direct evidence that the tilted smectic bilayers are anticlinic at the polymer backbone and synclinic at bilayer interface and confirm that the phase is bilayer-by-bilayer antiferroelectric.
Abacavir and Mycophenolic Acid, an Inhibitor of Inosine Monophosphate Dehydrogenase, Have Profound and Synergistic Anti-HIV Activity (1999)

Summary: The use of inhibitors of purine nucleoside metabolism has been advocated for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. Abacavir is the first clinically available guanosine analogue HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor, and the most potent nucleoside analogue yet developed. Mycophenolic acid (MA), a specific inhibitor of lymphocyte proliferation that is currently in use in organ transplantation, acts on inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase to block conversion of inosine monophosphate to guanosine monophosphate. We found abacavir and MA inhibited HIV-1 replication in stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and in monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs). Inhibition was potent and synergistic to an extent not previously observed with other antiretroviral combinations. MA was effective at concentrations (0.25 μM) far below those used for immunosuppression in organ transplantation. An HIV strain encoding the M184V mutation was susceptible to the combination of MA and abacavir. However, the combination of MA and zidovudine (ZDV) or stavudine (d4T) was antagonistic. Although the translation of these observations must be carefully evaluated in clinical trials, the judicious combination of antiretrovirals and inhibitors of nucleoside metabolism may emerge as an important strategy in the treatment of HIV infection.
Whole Exome Sequencing (2010)

Key wordsNext generation sequencing, Whole exome sequencing, Rare variants, Neurogenetics Over the years there have been many different approaches and techniques that have been utilized to gather genetic information on family and patient data. Early on
Development of an Asymmetric Route for Large-Scale Synthesis of a Glucocorticoid Agonist (2016)

Glucocorticoids are one of the most used classes of anti-inflammatory drugs. However, their chronic use causes deleterious side effects such as GC-induced osteoporosis. In an effort to discover non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, a trifluoromethylcarbinol and azaindazole containing glucocorticoid receptor agonist was identified from our Discovery Program and advanced as a development candidate. The evolution of the synthesis of this candidate from early discovery to multi-kilogram synthesis is described. The ultimate pilot plant route was based on a highly efficient synthesis of the trifluoromethylketone intermediate via an enolization/bromine–magnesium exchange/electrophile trapping sequence and the discovery of a new asymmetric propargylation reaction of the resultant trifluoromethylketone.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of ortho‐Functionalized 4‐Aminomethylpyridazines as Substrate‐Like Semicarbazide‐Sensitive Amine Oxidase Inhibitors. (2010)

Abstract A series of pyridazines and pyridazin‐3(2H)‐ones bearing alkylamino side chains in ortho‐position relative to the ‐CH 2 ‐NH 2 unit (‐Aet) is synthesized.
Evaluation of immunocontraceptive vaccine composed of gonadotropin-releasing hormone conjugated with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in male rats (2017)

Surgical castration performed to reduce male-associated problems results in pain and microbial infections in male animals.Therefore, immunocontraception, which is mediated by the animal's own antibodies against reproductive hormones, has been recommended as an alternative to surgical castration when considering the animal's welfare.In this study, a new immunocontraceptive vaccine composed of six tandem copies of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) fused to rat granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was developed, and its efficacy was evaluated in male rats.Three different doses (10, 50, and 100 µg) of recombinant GM-CSF-GnRH protein were injected three times at intervals of two weeks into male rats.The rats vaccinated with three doses of GM-CSF-GnRH produced a significantly higher level of antibodies against GnRH than that in the negative control rats.Severe atrophy of gonads was observed in rats vaccinated with three doses of GM-CSF-GnRH but not in the negative control rats.The results reveal that the new GnRH vaccine conjugated with rat GM-CSF induces efficient immunocontraception in male rats.This formulation of the immunocontraceptive vaccine would be applicable to both domestic and pet male animals.
Tissue-specific expression of the mouse dioxin-inducible P(1)450 and P(3)450 genes: differential transcriptional activation and mRNA stability in liver and extrahepatic tissues. (1986)

Expression of the P(1)450 and P(3)450 genes was examined in liver and five extrahepatic tissues of mice after they were treated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) or 3-methylcholanthrene. All six tissues were shown to have increased P(1)450 and P(3)450 mRNA concentrations after treatment with these inducers. P(3)450 mRNA induction was more sensitive than P(1)450 mRNA induction to small doses of TCDD in liver, kidney, and lung. When transcription run-on assays were compared with mRNA prevalence, control P(3)450 mRNA in liver, kidney, and lung was shown to be 20 to 30 times more stable than control P(1)450 mRNA. After TCDD treatment the increases in mRNA concentrations did not necessarily parallel the increases in transcriptional rate. Thus, the inducer appeared to enhance mRNA stability in some instances. This was evident for liver P(1)450 mRNA, in which an 8-fold rise in transcription was associated with a 27-fold increase in mRNA content, and for kidney P(3)450 mRNA, in which a 2-fold rise in transcription was accompanied by a 12-fold increase in mRNA content. In the kidney and lung of control and TCDD-treated mice, transcriptional rates of the P(3)450 gene were at least 10-fold less than those of the P(1)450 gene. These data indicate that even though both genes are controlled by the same receptor, striking tissue-specific differences in transcription and mRNA stabilization affect the final mRNA concentrations.
Foodgrain Stocks, Prices and Speculation (2008)

Much of recent work has raised the issue that the surge in prices of foodgrains in the last two years cannot be explained satisfactorily in terms of the fundamentals of supply and demand. It has also been suggested that the part that cannot be explained in this way is due largely to speculation. Speculation influences food prices in two distinct ways: one is the huge influx of capital from commodity index funds, hedge funds and pension funds in commodity futures markets or options. Some evidence suggests that expiry prices in commodity futures markets are considerably higher than cash or spot prices, implying that futures markets are not facilitating price discovery. The second form is purchase or hoarding of commodities on the presumption that their prices will continue to rise. The present analysis, based on a rational distributed lag model of global stocks of wheat, maize and rice and their prices over the period 1986-2008, confirms a positive long-run effect of rising prices on stocks. In the case of rice, this effect is considerably stronger. If this finding has any validity, although the need for correcting demand-supply imbalances remains a top priority, careful attention must also be given to limiting speculation. Various suggestions include the imperative of a ‘virtual grain reserve’ to be established to help calm markets through the futures market. But, above all, there is a strong case for a better functioning trading system-in particular, for trade liberalization in agriculture and to build trust in global food markets and stock management.
Self-organized CAC mechanism adopting for self-similarity service in wireless network (2013)

To improve the access capacity in wireless network with the QoS ensuring,the service similarity in the wireless network was researched,and the service bandwidth was calal with similarity and QoS parameters.Then an SS-CAC(self-organized based on network similarity call admission control) mechanism based on the service bandwidth optimization was introduced to lower the system bandwidth utilization and service rejection probability.And the novel mechanism was achieved and simulated.Compared with traditional CAC,the results of simulation show the performance of SS-CAC mechanism can not only ensure the quality of the voice service but also reduce the bandwidth utilization of the data service by 2.69%.In addition,it can also reduce the call rejection ratio and call drop ratio by 0.95% and 2.81% respectively in the case of high cell load.
A Time-Walk Correction Method for PET Detectors Based on Leading Edge Discriminators (2017)

The leading edge timing pick-off technique is the simplest timing extraction method for PET detectors. Due to the inherent time-walk of the leading edge technique, corrections should be made to improve timing resolution, especially for time-of-flight PET. Time-walk correction can be done by utilizing the relationship between the threshold crossing time and the event energy on an event by event basis. In this paper, a time-walk correction method is proposed and evaluated using timing information from two identical detectors both using leading edge discriminators. This differs from other techniques that use an external dedicated reference detector, such as a fast PMT-based detector using constant fraction techniques to pick-off timing information. In our proposed method, one detector was used as reference detector to correct the time-walk of the other detector. Time-walk in the reference detector was minimized by using events within a small energy window (508.5 - 513.5 keV). To validate this method, a coincidence detector pair was assembled using two SensL MicroFB SiPMs and two 2.5 mm × 2.5 mm × 20 mm polished LYSO crystals. Coincidence timing resolutions using different time pick-off techniques were obtained at a bias voltage of 27.5 V and a fixed temperature of 20 °C. The coincidence timing resolution without time-walk correction were 389.0 ± 12.0 ps (425 -650 keV energy window) and 670.2 ± 16.2 ps (250-750 keV energy window). The timing resolution with time-walk correction improved to 367.3 ± 0.5 ps (425 - 650 keV) and 413.7 ± 0.9 ps (250 - 750 keV). For comparison, timing resolutions were 442.8 ± 12.8 ps (425 - 650 keV) and 476.0 ± 13.0 ps (250 - 750 keV) using constant fraction techniques, and 367.3 ± 0.4 ps (425 - 650 keV) and 413.4 ± 0.9 ps (250 - 750 keV) using a reference detector based on the constant fraction technique. These results show that the proposed leading edge based time-walk correction method works well. Timing resolution obtained using this method was equivalent to that obtained using a reference detector and was better than that obtained using constant fraction discriminators.