gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Renforcer la performance de l'audit et la comptabilite en Afrique Sub-Saharienne : l'influence de l'education et de la formation (1997)

This study provides an overview of the accounting profession and the education and training of accountants in Sub-Saharan Anglophone Africa. It looks at: the profession; accounting examinations; accounting degrees; the education of accountants and accounting technicians; the training of accountants and accounting technicians; and continuing professional education (CPE). This study provides an overview of the accounting profession and the education and training of accountants in Sub-Saharan Anglophone Africa. The study found that there were good and poor examples of accounting education in Anglophone Africa. On the good side are colleges like the Zambia Centre for Accountancy Studies (ZCAS) and the Strathmore College in Kenya, which are providing quality accounting education. In contrast, Uganda fares somewhat poorly. It has only just established an accounting body, it has no national examinations, and the accounting training institutions are struggling to prepare students for overseas examinations. External support for accounting education in Anglophone Africa has been reasonably successful, with donor-funded colleges such as ZCAS obtaining pass rates almost twice the worldwide average. Assistance however, is still required to help the profession develop.
Alginate encapsulated nanoparticle-microorganism system for trichloroethylene remediation (2012)

Nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI) particles were encapsulated in calcium alginate capsules for application in environmental remediation. TCE degradation rates for encapsulated and bare NZVI were similar indicating no adverse effects of encapsulation on degradation kinetics. Microorganisms were separately encapsulated and used along with encapsulated NZVI and co-encapsulated in calcium alginate capsules. Batch experiments were performed to test the efficacy of the combined iron-Pseudomonas sp. (PpF1) system. The combined system removed 100% TCE over the first three hours of the experiment followed by 70% TCE removal post TCE re-dosing. Complete reduction of TCE was achieved by NZVI between 0-3 h and the second phase of treatment (3-36 h) was mostly achieved by microorganisms. Experiments conducted with co-encapsulated NZVI-D.BAV1 achieved 100% TCE removal. During the first three hours of the experiment 100% TCE removal was achieved by NZVI, and 100% removal was achieved post re-dosing where D.BAV1 accomplished the treatment.
Distributing Monte Carlo Errors as a Blue Noise in Screen Space by Permuting Pixel Seeds Between Frames (2019)

Abstract Recent work has shown that distributing Monte Carlo errors as a blue noise in screen space improves the perceptual quality of rendered images. However, obtaining such distributions remains an open problem with high sample counts and high‐dimensional rendering integrals. In this paper, we introduce a temporal algorithm that aims at overcoming these limitations. Our algorithm is applicable whenever multiple frames are rendered, typically for animated sequences or interactive applications. Our algorithm locally permutes the pixel sequences (represented by their seeds) to improve the error distribution across frames. Our approach works regardless of the sample count or the dimensionality and significantly improves the images in low‐varying screen‐space regions under coherent motion. Furthermore, it adds negligible overhead compared to the rendering times. Note: our supplemental material provides more results with interactive comparisons against previous work.
CHILD DEVELOPMENT: A GENERATION OF RESEARCH1 (1954)

The primary aim of the National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council is to bring together those scientists of the country most competent to deal both with specific scientific problems and to survey the larger possibilities of science. The effectiveness of the organization depends on the willing participation of these scientists who give generously of their time and effort without financial compensation. Child Development is one of the many areas which has been explored in this way, and the Society for Research in Child Development (hereinafter designated SRCD) emerged from the National Research Council, the active agent of the National Academy of Sciences, through its Division of Anthropology and Psychology.3 This division was organized October 20, I919. One month after its organizational meeting the division chairman, Walter V. Bingham, received a letter from Dr. Henry S. Bernton, Director of the Child Welfare Association. Incorporated in 1914, this association was established in Washington, D.C. in 1goi as a private charity known as the Washington Diet Kitchen. Congress had appropriated $I5,ooo in support of the work of this association and in his letter Dr. Bernton suggested possible cooperation of the Research Council to organize some plans for the scientific investigation of children. While such research could not be wholly supported by the association, it offered the use of a small laboratory for use by interested researchers. It appears that Charles B. Davenport (then of the Eugenics Office of the Carnegie Institution of Washington) undertook some anthropometric studies of infants and children of pre-school age in this laboratory, and John B. Watson (then of The Johns Hopkins University) made some studies on the instincts of infants. So much for the background. At the second meeting of the division in April i92o a resolution was passed which recognized the pressing need of the scientific investigation of basic facts and principles in the field of child welfare and a committee on
Cluster secondary ion mass spectrometry of polymers and related materials (2009)

Cluster secondary ion mass spectrometry (cluster SIMS) has played a critical role in the characterization of polymeric materials over the last decade, allowing for the ability to obtain spatially resolved surface and in-depth molecular information from many polymer systems. With the advent of new molecular sources such as C(60)(+), Au(3)(+), SF(5)(+), and Bi(3)(+), there are considerable increases in secondary ion signal as compared to more conventional atomic beams (Ar(+), Cs(+), or Ga(+)). In addition, compositional depth profiling in organic and polymeric systems is now feasible, without the rapid signal decay that is typically observed under atomic bombardment. The premise behind the success of cluster SIMS is that compared to atomic beams, polyatomic beams tend to cause surface-localized damage with rapid sputter removal rates, resulting in a system at equilibrium, where the damage created is rapidly removed before it can accumulate. Though this may be partly true, there are actually much more complex chemistries occurring under polyatomic bombardment of organic and polymeric materials, which need to be considered and discussed to better understand and define the important parameters for successful depth profiling. The following presents a review of the current literature on polymer analysis using cluster beams. This review will focus on the surface and in-depth characterization of polymer samples with cluster sources, but will also discuss the characterization of other relevant organic materials, and basic polymer radiation chemistry.
Finding the shortest route using cases, knowledge, and Djikstra's algorithm (1994)

This prototype system integrates Dijkstra's algorithm with knowledge-based and case-based components, reducing the time required to find the shortest path between points in a road network.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Reflectance Changes in Clotting Native Blood: Evidence of a Red Cell Process (2007)

When broadband light illuminates clotting native blood, the reflectance at each wavelength traces a time course with four discernible regions. Clot formation occurs just before the second phase. Two wavelengths, 471 and 771 nm, were selected for more detailed study of the first two phases. Analysis of each time course in native blood demonstrates that both signals track a single process during the first phase, but distinct processes during the second. Experiments on citrated blood identified which blood components contribute to reflectance changes. Comparison of liquid and clotting blood reveals a single process during the first phase, entailing that rouleaux formation determines the time course at both wavelengths. Control experiments eliminate clot propagation and shape change of red cells or platelets as possible factors in the second phase. Exogenous ADP added to EDTA blood evokes the second-phase response at 471 but not 771 nm, a novel phenomenon that requires the presence of red cells. The descriptive name 'ADP-end-response' is suggested for this red cell process until it is further characterized. We propose that the ADP-end-response determines the 471-nm signal during the second phase of clotting native blood and depends upon platelets in the absence of exogenous ADP. The 771-nm signal reports fibrin cross-linking during the second phase. An earlier pilot study demonstrated that rofecoxib effects the 471-nm signal ex vivo, which indicates that reflectance spectroscopy may be useful in the assessment of drug effects on platelet-erythrocyte interactions.
Negative Refractive Index in Chiral Metamaterials (2009)

We experimentally demonstrate a chiral metamaterial exhibiting negative refractive index at terahertz frequencies. The presence of strong chirality in the terahertz metamaterial lifts the degeneracy for the two circularly polarized waves and allows for the achievement of negative refractive index without requiring simultaneously negative permittivity and negative permeability. The realization of terahertz chiral negative index metamaterials offers opportunities for investigation of their novel electromagnetic properties, such as negative refraction and negative reflection, as well as important terahertz device applications.
Direct Measurement of Oxygen Tracer Diffusion of Heteroepitaxial La<sub>0.8</sub>Sr<sub>0.2</sub>MnO<sub>3</sub> Cathode Material (2011)

Abstract not Available.
Microstrip short‐circuit patch design equations (1997)

Input impedance and normalized frequency measurements for microstrip-fed quarter-wavelength short-circuit microstrip patch antennas are reported. New design equations are presented to determine input impedance and frequency as functions of physical dimensions. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 16: 12–14, 1997.
Active query selection for semi-supervised clustering (2008)

Semi-supervised clustering allows a user to specify available prior knowledge about the data to improve the clustering performance. A common way to express this information is in the form of pair-wise constraints. A number of studies have shown that, in general, these constraints improve the resulting data partition. However, the choice of constraints is critical since improperly chosen constraints might actually degrade the clustering performance. We focus on constraint (also known as query) selection for improving the performance of semi-supervised clustering algorithms. We present an active query selection mechanism, where the queries are selected using a min-max criterion. Experimental results on a variety of datasets, using MPCK-means as the underlying semi-clustering algorithm, demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed query selection procedure.
Considerations for Digital PCR as an Accurate Molecular Diagnostic Tool (2014)

In this review we highlight some of the considerations that may be needed when applying dPCR and discuss sources of error. The factors discussed here aim to assist in the translation of dPCR to diagnostic, predictive, or prognostic applications.
Activation of 5-HT<sub>1A</sub> receptors in the medullary raphe reduces cardiovascular changes elicited by acute psychological and inflammatory stresses in rabbits (2005)

The present strategy for the prevention of excessive sympathetic neural traffic to the heart relies on the use of beta-blockers, drugs that act at the heart end of the brain-heart axis. In the present study, we attempted to suppress cardiac sympathetic nerve activity by affecting the relevant cardiomotoneurons in the brain using the selective serotonin-1A (5-HT(1A)) receptor agonist 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT). In conscious, unrestrained rabbits, instrumented for recordings of heart rate, arterial pressure, or cardiac output, we provoked increases in cardiac sympathetic activity by psychological (loud sound, pinprick, and air jet) or inflammatory (0.5 microg/kg iv lipopolysaccharide) stresses. Pinprick and air-jet stresses elicited transient increases in heart rate (+50 +/- 7 and +38 +/- 4 beats/min, respectively) and in mean arterial pressure (+16 +/- 2 and +15 +/- 3 mmHg, respectively). Lipopolysaccharide injection caused sustained increases in heart rate (from 210 +/- 3 to 268 +/- 10 beats/min) and in arterial pressure (from 74 +/- 3 to 92 +/- 4 mmHg). Systemically administered 8-OH-DPAT (0.004-0.1 mg/kg) substantially attenuated these responses in a dose-dependent manner. Drug effects were prevented by a selective 5-HT(1A) receptor antagonist, WAY-100635 (0.1 mg/kg iv). Similarly to systemic administration, microinjection of 8-OH-DPAT (500 nl of 10 mM solution) into the medullary raphe-parapyramidal region caused antitachycardic effects during stressful stimulation and during lipopolysaccharide-elicited tachycardia. This is the first demonstration that activation of 5-HT(1A) receptors in the medullary raphe-parapyramidal area causes suppression of neurally mediated cardiovascular changes during acute psychological and immune stresses.
The Solar Occultation Flux (SOF) Method, a new technique for the quantification of fugitive emissions of VOCs (2005)

A new remote sensing method named SOF (Solar Occultation Flux) has been developed during the last years and has been applied to locate and quantify fugitive hydrocarbon emissions from industry. The method is based on measuring infrared intensity spectra of the sun from a moving vehicle. In order to obtain the flux from a particular emission source, the vehicle is driven in such as way that the detected solar light traverses across the actual emission plume. The flux is then obtained as the integrated sum of the retrieved path averaged concentrations, multiplied by the wind speed. Measurements have been demonstrated for quite a few hydrocarbon species from many different industrial source areas, such as process areas, storage tanks, water treatment areas and flares. In addition to measurements at most Swedish refineries and the largest petrochemical industries, the technique has also been applied in Italy and Mexico. In addition to industrial application emission measurements have been conducted from farming, volcanoes (MtEtna and Popocatepetl) and mega cities (Milano, Mexico City) for other species than VOC's.
Chemical vapour deposition of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> on titanium oxides (1993)

The morphology of chemically vapour deposited α-Al2O3, developed on different titanium oxides, was studied. Ti2O3, Ti3O5 and TiO2 were used as substrate materials. The titanium oxides and the α-Al2O3, were grown by the TiCl4/H2/CO2, and the AlCl3/H2/CO2 processes, respectively, usually at 1000°C and 6.7×103 Pa. No considerable difference in morphology of α-Al2O3 on the different titanium oxides were obtained. The α-Al2O3 grains were larger on Ti2O3 than on Ti3O5 and TiO2.
A framework for automatic debugging (2002)

This paper presents an application framework in which declarative specifications of debugging actions are translated into execution monitors that can automatically detect bugs. The approach is non-intrusive with respect to program source code and provides a high level of abstraction for debugging activities.
Design and Use of Directly Coupled Pentode Trigger Pairs (1946)

A trigger circuit using two pentodes with direct plate-to-screen coupling is described. The mechanism of electrical stability and instability and the process of triggering are discussed. Sample diagrams for a pulse generator, an electronic switch, and a scaling circuit are given.
Queuing spin lock algorithms to support timing predictability (2002)

We introduce practical new algorithms for FIFO and priority-ordered spin locks on shared-memory multiprocessors with an atomic swap instruction. Different versions of these queuing spin locks are designed for machines with coherent-cache and NUMA memory models. We discuss extensions to provide nested lock acquisition, conditional locking, timeout of lock requests, and preemption waiters. These locks support predictable timing in the lowest kernel and user levels of time-line-scheduled and priority-scheduled real-time systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Probabilistic framework for evaluation of smart grid resilience of cascade failure (2014)

The next generation power grid demands high reliability, robustness and real time communication of control information related to power flow in the grid. This paper proposes a probabilistic framework of smart grid power network with statistical decision theory to evaluate system performance in steady state as well as under dynamical case and identify the probable critical links which can cause cascade failure. Proposed model for cascade failure prediction has been tested on the IEEE 30 bus test bed system. Simulation results validated critical links in probabilistic model of power grid system with deterministic power flow analysis. The key contribution of this paper is, performance evaluation of smart grid power network and identification as well as prediction of critical links which may lead to system blackout. In addition to this, a graphical model has been developed using minimum spanning tree to analyze topology and structural connectivity of IEEE 30 bus system.
Constraint stroke-based oversketching for 3D curves (2004)

In this paper we present an extended approach for stroke oversketching. The stroke oversketching technique changes a curve by redrawing parts of it. Finding the part to replace and smoothing the transition is done automatically. Our extension to oversketching constraints the change of the curve to one single side profile leaving the other side profiles of the curve unchanged. Additionally we present the advantage of using this approach in car design following the classic four-side-view drawing approach.
DNA Polymerase ζ Regulates Cisplatin Cytotoxicity, Mutagenicity, and The Rate of Development of Cisplatin Resistance (2004)

DNA polymerase zeta participates in translesional bypass replication. Here we show that reduced expression of the catalytic subunit hREV3 renders human fibroblasts more sensitive to the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin, reduces their sensitivity to the ability of cisplatin exposure to generate drug resistant variants in the surviving population, and reduces the rate of emergence of resistance to cisplatin at the population level. Reduction of REV3 mRNA did not alter the rate of cisplatin adduct removal but did impair both spontaneous and cisplatin-induced extrachromosomal homologous recombination and attenuated bypass replication as reflected by reduced ability to express luciferase from a platinated plasmid. Cisplatin induced a concentration- and time-dependent increase in hREV3 mRNA. The results indicate that, following formation of cisplatin adducts in DNA, REV3 mRNA levels increase, and polymerase zeta functions to promote both cell survival and the generation of drug-resistant variants in the surviving population. We conclude that when cisplatin adducts are present in the DNA, polymerase zeta is an important contributor to cisplatin-induced genomic instability and the subsequent emergence of resistance to this chemotherapeutic agent.
OFRECERAN ATENCION ESPECIAL A LA UNAM TRES AEROLINEAS NACIONALES (1995)

LA UNAM, A TRAVES DE LA SECRETARIA ADMINISTRATIVA Y EL PATRONATO UNIVERSITARIO, REPRESENTADO POR LA TESORERIA, SUSCRIBIO UN CONVENIO CON LAS EMPRESAS DE AVIACION MEXICANA, AEROMEXICO Y TAESA, QUE LE OFRECERAN SERVICIO ESPECIAL. EL TESORERO DE LA UNAM, INGENIERO GERARDO FERRANDO BRAVO, INDICO QUE EL PROPOSITO DEL CONVENIO ES EL ESTABLECIMIENTO DE UN MECANISMO INSTITUCIONAL ADECUADO PARA CONTRATAR LOS SERVICIOS AEREOS DE LAS TRES LINEAS.
An Efficient Privacy-Preserving Outsourced Geofencing Service Using Bloom Filter (2018)

Geofencing is a location-based service that triggers an action when a device enters or exits a virtual boundary set up around a geographical location, known as a geofence. Thus, geofencing is a useful tool to allow tracking of vehicles or vehicle fleets. Since the tracking can be used to create detailed movement profiles of drivers, there are some precautions to be considered with geofencing, especially when it comes to privacy. Several solutions for privacy-preserving geofencing have been proposed using complex cryptographic primitives, resulting in high computation and communication overhead, and still leaking sensitive information. In this paper we present a privacy-preserving geofencing service that is based on simple and well-known cryptographic building blocks, such as hash functions and symmetric encryption, resulting in an efficient construction that does not leak any meaningful information.
High efficiency large area <i>n</i>-type front junction silicon solar cells with boron emitter formed by screen printing technology (2014)

In this paper, we report on commercially viable screen printing (SP) technology to form boron emitters. A screen-printed boron emitter and ion-implanted phosphorus back surface field were formed simultaneously by a co-annealing process. Front and back surfaces were passivated by chemically grown oxide capped with plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition silicon nitride stack. Front and back contacts were formed by traditional SP and firing processes with silver/aluminum grid on front and local silver back contacts on the rear. This resulted in 19.6% efficient large area (239 cm2) n-type solar cells with an open-circuit voltage Voc of 645 mV, short-circuit current density Jsc of 38.6 mA/cm2, and fill factor of 78.6%. This demonstrates the potential of this novel technology for production of low-cost high-efficiency n-type silicon solar cells. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A satellite based localisation service using a 3G mobile phone as an emergency terminal (2015)

In this paper, a new satellite based search and rescue system is designed. The old one - the COSPAS-SARSAT distress alert detection and distribution system, has been working for 30 years and rescued about 40 thousands of lives world-wide, in spite of low precision of the distress localization and long localization time. In this paper, a new system is designed, whose user terminal can be implemented into a 3G mobile phone, without increasing its size and power, while using a Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) like GPS, GLONASS or Galileo. The system will offer an exact and quick location service also in areas without the terrestrial mobile network coverage for billions of 3G users.