gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photoionization of the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mn>6</mml:mn><mml:mrow><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mfrac><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:mfrac><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mfrac><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:mfrac></mml:mrow><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow/><mml:mprescripts/><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow/></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:mrow></mml:math>fine-structure levels in cesium (1975)

The relative photoionization cross sections for cesium atoms selectively excited to the $6^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2},\frac{1}{2}}$ states have been measured in a triple-crossed-beam experiment. A cesium discharge lamp produced resonant wavelengths of 8521 and 8944 \AA{} for the excitation process. A Hg-Xe lamp combined with a grating monochromator was used for the actual ionization in the wavelength region from 2500 to 5000 \AA{}. Background counts due to photoionization of ground-state cesium atoms and dimers as well as various surface effects were discriminated against by chopping the excitation light source. The data are compared with results from radiative-recombination measurements in which the fine-structure levels are not resolved and with recent model-potential calculations. The wavelength ($\ensuremath{\lambda}$) dependence of the cross section indicates a ${\ensuremath{\lambda}}^{2}$ dependence at threshold (\ensuremath{\approx} 5000 \AA{}) and a ${\ensuremath{\lambda}}^{4}$ behavior at lower wavelengths.
Effects of Adult Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Ear Feeding on Irrigated Field Corn in Colorado (1986)

Journal Article Effects of Adult Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Ear Feeding on Irrigated Field Corn in Colorado Get access J. L. Capinera, J. L. Capinera Department of Entomology, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, Colorado 80523 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar N. D. Epsky, N. D. Epsky Department of Entomology, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, Colorado 80523 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. C. Thompson D. C. Thompson Department of Entomology, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, Colorado 80523 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 79, Issue 6, 1 December 1986, Pages 1609–1612, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/79.6.1609 Published: 01 December 1986 Article history Received: 13 February 1986 Accepted: 14 July 1986 Published: 01 December 1986
Inter-Strain Differences of Serotonergic Inhibitory Pain Control in Inbred Mice (2010)

The results suggest that chronic nerve injury evoked hypernociception may be contributed by genetic differences of descending serotonergic inhibitory control.
Free boundary high-beta equilibria with high bootstrap current fraction in spherical tokamaks (2000)

Note: Proc. 27th EPS Conference on Controlled Fusion and Plasma Physics, Budapest, Hungary, 12-16 June 2000, ECA Vol. 24B, 1541-1544 (2000) (P4-076) Reference CRPP-CONF-2000-057 Record created on 2008-05-13, modified on 2017-05-12
Optical power and transmittance measurements and their use in detector-based realization of the luminous intensity scale (1995)

Responsivity calibrations of trap detectors with a cryogenic absolute radiometer and a power-stabilized 543.51 6-nm He-Ne laser are described. The trap detectors are used as transfer standards of optical power at visible wavelengths because they have a predictable spectral responsivity. New results on transmittance measurements of PRC Krochmann <i>V</i>(λ) filters are presented, especially the angle and temperature dependence of the transmittance. The characterized trap detector and the <i>V</i>(λ) filter are used for a novel realization of the SI base unit of luminous intensity, the candela. Test measurements indicate a good agreement with previous photometric scales.
Abruptly tapered fibers: index response for sensor application (1986)

We present a study of the parametric dependence of the external index response of abrupt tapers of matched-cladding single-core-mode fiber. The wavelength dependence allows index response tuning and provides a building block for refractometer and related applications.
Modeling Soot Formation Using Reduced Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Chemistry in n-Heptane Lifted Flames With Application to Low Temperature Combustion (2009)

A numerical study of in-cylinder soot formation and oxidation processes in n-heptane lifted flames using various soot inception species has been conducted. In a recent study by the authors, it was found that the soot formation and growth regions in lifted flames were not adequately represented by using acetylene alone as the soot inception species. Comparisons with a conceptual model and available experimental data suggested that the location of soot formation regions could be better represented if polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) species were considered as alternatives to acetylene for soot formation processes. Since the local temperatures are much lower under low temperature combustion conditions, it is believed that significant soot mass contribution can be attributed to PAH rather than to acetylene. To quantify and validate the above observations, a reduced n-heptane chemistry mechanism has been extended to include PAH species up to four fused aromatic rings (pyrene). The resulting chemistry mechanism was integrated into the multidimensional computational fluid dynamics code KIVA-CHEMKIN for modeling soot formation in lifted flames in a constant volume chamber. The investigation revealed that a simpler model that only considers up to phenanthrene (three fused rings) as the soot inception species has good possibilities for better soot location predictions. The present work highlights and illustrates the various research challenges toward accurate qualitative and quantitative predictions of the soot for new low emission combustion strategies for internal combustion engines.
Analysis of the urine proteome via a combination of multi‐dimensional approaches (2011)

Urine is a biological fluid that is non-invasively and easily harvested, and exhibits high stability from the proteomics point of view. At the downside, the overall low protein content of urine as well as the presence of low- and high-abundance proteins underscores the need for protein enrichment. As a continuation of previous efforts towards the comprehensive characterization of the urine proteome, the current study targeted the mining of urine proteins through the combined application of different protein separation methodologies, specifically, liquid chromatography and preparative electrophoresis along with 1D gel electrophoresis and protein identification by mass spectrometry. In order to enhance comparison and integration of different experimental data sets, the "standard" urine sample developed within the European Kidney and Urine Proteomics (EuroKUP) COST Action, was employed. As a contribution to the existing knowledge, we focused on maintaining and providing information about experimental mass of the identified proteins as well as information pertaining to their relative abundance--as allowed by technical limitations--thus providing an initial view of different isoforms representation and facilitating their future characterization. The difficulties in comparing proteome mining data sets become once more evident, underscoring the need for adopting standardized ways for data reporting as well as for potential new approaches for data analysis involving a thorough investigation of received information at the peptide level.
<title>Extremely narrow-bandwidth high-repetition-rate laser for high-NA step-and-scan tools</title> (1996)

In this paper we discuss several resonator designs in terms of bandwidth, efficiency and lifetime of the major optical components. Experimental data are presented for a resonator combining the advantages of a long lifetime grating and etalon elements. Moreover, the limitations of these elements are overcome through the outcoupling scheme, ensuring optimum feedback over gas and tube lifetimes. In addition to low cost-of-ownership, this same resonator provides for an extremely narrow bandwidth ArF excimer laser development, using a single oscillator.
Synthesis and characterization of [d(ApGpGpCpCpT)]2 and its adduct with the anticancer drug cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and characterization of [d(ApGpGpCpCpT)]2 and its adduct with the anticancer drug cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II)John P. Caradonna and Stephen J. LippardCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1988, 27, 8, 1454–1466Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00281a031https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00281a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views99Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Physical and mechanical properties of woven kenaf/bamboo fiber mat reinforced epoxy hybrid composites (2019)

Research interest has shifted from synthetic fiber to natural fiber due to environmental concerns and government regulation. This study evaluated the physical and mechanical properties of kenaf(K)/bamboo(B) fiber mat reinforced epoxy hybrid composites. Kenaf, bamboo, and kenaf/bamboo hybrid composites were prepared using the hand lay-up method at 40% wt total fiber loading. Different ratios of kenaf to bamboo fibers, such as 70:30(3B7K), 50:50(BK), and 30:70(7B3K), were used to fabricate the hybrid composites. Kenaf composite and bamboo composite were fabricated as controls. Mechanical (flexural and impact), morphological, and physical properties (thickness swelling, water absorption, and density) were examined. The density, water absorption and thickness swelling of the composites increased as the kenaf weight ratio increased. The flexural properties of kenaf composites were improved by hybridization with bamboo fiber, whereas the impact properties of bamboo were improved by hybridization with a woven kenaf mat. Hybrid composites with a 50:50 ratio showed the highest flexural and impact strength. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of flexural fracture showed that 50:50(BK) displayed better interfacial adhesion than the other two ratios. The woven kenaf/bamboo hybrid composite is suitable for use in the fabrication of automotive components.
Broad inter‐individual variations in circulating progenitor cell numbers induced by granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor therapy (1995)

The elevated white cell counts (WCC) and myeloid progenitor cell levels in the blood induced by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) treatment were studied in three settings: cancer patients previously treated with chemo/radiotherapy (n = 13), untreated cancer patients (n = 5) and normal volunteers (n = 9). The inter-individual variations in progenitor cell mobilization responses to G-CSF and the impact of previous chemo/radiotherapy were investigated. The absolute levels of circulating progenitor cells, but not total white cells, were reduced significantly in the pretreated cancer patients (median 961, range 289-3355 per ml blood) as compared to untreated cancer patients (median 9891, range 2219-16625 per ml blood). In each setting, wide ranges of circulating progenitor cell numbers were observed, and the variation in progenitor cell numbers was considerably greater than observed for the WCC. However, progenitor cell numbers in normal volunteers (942-25296 per ml blood) demonstrated as much variance as observed in pretreated cancer patients. This broad physiological variation in progenitor cell levels induced by G-CSF needs to be considered when designing strategies for allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation.
Unsupervised Question Clarity Prediction Through Retrieved Item Coherency (2022)

Despite recent progress on conversational systems, they still do not perform smoothly and coherently when faced with ambiguous requests. When questions are unclear, conversational systems should have the ability to ask clarifying questions, rather than assuming a particular interpretation or simply responding that they do not understand. Previous studies have shown that users are more satisfied when asked a clarifying question, rather than receiving an unrelated response. While the research community has paid substantial attention to the problem of predicting query ambiguity in traditional search contexts, researchers have paid relatively little attention to predicting when this ambiguity is sufficient to warrant clarification in the context of conversational systems. In this paper, we propose an unsupervised method for predicting the need for clarification. This method is based on the measured coherency of results from an initial answer retrieval step, under the assumption that a less ambiguous query is more likely to retrieve more coherent results when compared to an ambiguous query. We build a graph from retrieved items based on their context similarity, treating measures of graph connectivity as indicators of ambiguity. We evaluate our approach on two recently released open-domain conversational question answering datasets, ClariQ and AmbigNQ, comparing it with neural and non-neural baselines. Our unsupervised approach performs as well as supervised approaches while providing better generalization.
Enantioselective Synthesis of SB-203207 (2014)

Total synthesis of SB-203207 (1) was achieved, beginning with a desymmetrical C-H insertion reaction of a diazoester bearing our recently developed chiral auxiliary. Utilizing the optically active bicyclo[3.3.0]octane ring, four stereogenic centers were efficiently constructed in sequence. Finally, mild oxidation of 27 to carboxylic acid via a cyanohydrin intermediate and hydrolysis of cyanide to carboxyamide in the presence of the labile enamide group completed an efficient total synthesis of 1.
Plutonium Management in the Medium Term (2004)

For many years various countries with access to commercial reprocessing services have been routinely recycling plutonium as UO2/PuO2 mixed oxide (MOX) fuel in light water reactors (LWRs). This LWR MOX recycle strategy is still widely regarded as an interim step leading to the eventual establishment of sustainable fast reactor fuel cycles. The OECD/NEA Working Party on the Physics of Plutonium Fuels and Innovative Fuel Cycles (WPPR) has recently completed a review of the technical options for plutonium management in what it refers to as the “medium term.” For the purpose of the review, the WPPR considers the medium term to cover the period from now up to the point at which fast reactor fuel cycles are established on a commercial scale. The review identified a number of different designs of innovative plutonium fuel assemblies intended to be used in current LWR cores, in LWRs with significantly different moderation properties, as well as in high-temperature gas reactors. The full review report describes these various options and highlights their respective advantages and disadvantages. This paper briefly summarizes the main findings of the review.
Toxicity to embryo and adult zebrafish of copper complexes with two malonic acids as models for dissolved organic matter (1998)

Abstract The toxicity to embryo and adult zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) of Cu complexes with two substituted malonic acids, benzyl‐ and n ‐hexadecyl‐, chosen as models for low‐molecular‐weight natural dissolved organic matter, were investigated. Toxicity test solutions at pH 6.5 ± 0.1 with the required Cu speciation were designed using the chemical speciation model MINTEQA2, and the speciation was confirmed by Cu ion‐specific electrode. In the absence of malonic acids, concentrations of Cu 2+ up to 1.13 μmol/ L increased the embryo hatching time from approx. 2 d in control solutions (no Cu or malonic acid) and solutions containing malonic acids without Cu to approx. 8 d. The Cu‐benzylmalonic acid complex ( n ‐octanol/water distribution coefficient [ρ ow ] = 0.00) in the presence of inorganic Cu species did not delay hatching beyond that attributable to Cu 2+ , In contrast, 0.60 μmol/L Cu‐ n ‐hexadecylmalonic complexes (ρ ow = 6.89) delayed hatching by 5.5 d in excess of that attributable to 1.13 μmol/L Cu 2+ , assuming that the hatching delays caused by the different Cu species were additive, possibly because of Cu entry into the embryo as the lipophilic Cu‐ n ‐hexadecylmalonic complex. None of the Cu‐malonic acid complexes was acutely toxic to adult zebrafish at concentrations up to 1.4 μmol/L, possibly because Cu was removed from the Cu‐malonic acid complexes by stronger chelating groups at the gill surface. Substituted malonic acids with similar proton and Cu association constants can be readily prepared with a variety of simple substituents, radiolabeled if required. Our results show that these acids could be useful ligands for investigating intracellular transport and metabolism of metal‐organic complexes.
How was your day? Online visual workspace summaries using incremental clustering in topic space (2012)

Someday mobile robots will operate continually. Day after day, they will be in receipt of a never ending stream of images. In anticipation of this, this paper is about having a mobile robot generate apt and compact summaries of its life experience. We consider a robot moving around its environment both revisiting and exploring, accruing images as it goes. We describe how we can choose a subset of images to summarise the robot's cumulative visual experience. Moreover we show how to do this such that the time cost of generating an summary is largely independent of the total number of images processed. No one day is harder to summarise than any other. © 2012 IEEE.
Analytic determination of the capacitance matrix of planar or cylindrical multiconductor lines on multilayered substrates (1995)

An exact analytical expression for the Maxwell capacitance matrix of a multilayer, multistrip planar or cylindrical line is derived by solving the dual series equation system of the problem by means of a Volterra boundary-value problem. The solution is expressed in terms of some infinite matrices with very good convergence properties. Numerical examples show that the method yields accurate results and is also computationally effective for lines having a large number of conductors.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Plasma-thermal electric furnace for gasification of carbon-containing waste (2017)

The plasma-thermal electric furnace for gasification of various carbonaceous wastes (domestic, biological, agricultural, and other organic waste) has been created for the first time. Its constituent parts are: hydraulic drive for supplying the packed waste into the reaction zone; gas burner with the thermal power of 42 kW; electric-arc plasmatron with a power of 50 kW; chamber for ash residue melting. The test operation of the electric furnace showed that plasma gasification of carbon-containing materials produces synthesis gas suitable for the needs of heat and electric power industry. The results of thermodynamic calculations are in satisfactory agreement with the experimental data.
Alveoscopy in smoker and non smoker healthy volunteers (2007)

International audience
Impact of Phospholipid Transfer Protein on Nascent High-Density Lipoprotein Formation and Remodeling (2014)

Our findings suggest that PLTP exerts significant effects on apoA-I lipidation and nascent HDL biogenesis in hepatocytes by promoting ATP-binding cassette transporter A1-mediated lipid efflux and the remodeling of nascent HDL particles.
Understanding the Chemistry of H<sub>2</sub> Production for 1-Propanol Reforming: Pathway and Support Modification Effects (2012)

The liquid-phase reforming of 1-propanol over a platinum-based catalyst on a number of supports was investigated. Propanol is being used as a surrogate for biomass-derived glycerol as a source of hydrogen in the conversion of cellulose to transportation fuels. The test conditions were high temperature (230–260 °C) and pressure (69 bar) in the presence of liquid water. Under these conditions, Pt over alumina coated (via atomic layer deposition) with a layer of approximately 1 nm of Al2O3, TiO2, or Ce2O3 (Pt–Al, Pt–Ti, Pt–Ce) is active for the reforming of 1-propanol. The Pt–Ti catalyst had the highest 1-propanol conversion rate per gram of catalyst followed by the Pt–Al and Pt–Ce catalysts, which had similar rates of reaction. Selectivity for each catalyst was primarily to ethane and CO2, with the ratio between the two products being close to unity regardless of temperature. The hydrogen yield was constantly higher than twice the ethane yield, indicating that H2 formation occurs before ethane is formed. Decarbonylation of propanal did not appear to contribute significantly to the formation of ethane. The propionic acid, which can produce ethane and CO2 through decarboxylation, is believed to form from the disproportionation of propanal. In contrast to the Canizzarro reaction, this reaction appears to be catalyzed by the supported Pt and not the support or in solution (through base catalysis). Our analyses also showed that well dispersed Pt sinters under the high temperature and high partial pressure of water in the reactor, and under reaction conditions that the surface of the Pt has high concentrations of CO (43% of the coverage of CO at room temperature) and water (96% of the coverage of water at 230 °C and 34 bar).
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF THE SHOOT APICAL MERISTEM OF SEED PLANTS. I. MORPHOLOGICAL AND CYTOCHEMICAL EFFECTS OF IAA APPLIED TO THE EXPOSED MERISTEM OF LUPINUS ALBUS (1978)

Application of 1.5 μg indoleacetic acid (IAA) in a lanolin droplet to the exposed apical meristem of Lupinus albus seedlings caused: (1) axillary buds to form closer to the apex than normal, (2) displacement of primordia formed during the first two plastochrons following treatment, and (3) significant increases in concentration of RNA, protein, and unsaturated lipids in the meristems. Primordial displacement tended to be random relative to the site of the treatment, which may be a feature common to dicotyledonous plants exhibiting spiral phyllotaxis. That IAA conferred initiation site capabilities to all of the peripheral zone for a short time was indicated by (2) and (3) above, and by decreases in concentrations of the observed compounds toward control levels after the second plastochron following treatment. Effects of IAA on RNA suggest that nucleic acid metabolism, and possibly gene action, was involved in the response. Kinetin or gibberellic acid had no apparent morphogenetic effect on Lupinus meristems.