gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Microprocessor-Based Technique for Detection of High Impedance Faults (1986)

Detection of high impedance faults on distribution systems is difficult due to the low current levels which flow in the fault. The objective is to detect these faults with some device or mechanism situated at the substation without modification to the distribution lines themselves. The technique presented in this paper monitors the unbalance in the fundamental, third and fifth harmonic feeder currents at the substation and performs a statistical evaluation of the present unbalance relative to past levels of unbalance. Using hypothesis testing, if the level of unbalance exceeds a threshold, a fault is indicated. The technique enploys a real-time algorithm suitable for implementation on a microprocessor-based digital relay located in the substation.
Tyramide Signal Amplification: An Enhanced Method for Immunohistochemistry on Methyl-Methacrylate-Embedded Bone Marrow Trephine Sections (2006)

The detection of cellular antigens in bone marrow sections depends on the method of embedding, the nature of antigen and antibody, antigen retrieval techniques and the sensitivity of the immunohistochemical method. This study evaluated a fluorescyl-tyramide-enhanced immunostaining method on methyl-methacrylate-embedded bone marrow trephine biopsies. Compared with the standard immunostaining technique, fluorescyl-tyramide-enhanced immunostaining showed a superior signal intensity on methyl- methacrylate-embedded bone marrow trephines. Thus, the fluorescyl-tyramide-based immunostaining method, while retaining specificity, is highly sensitive and provides optimal staining results for a broad panel of antibodies commonly used for the routine diagnosis and classification of hematological disorders.
Structure, fluorescent properties and proposed function in phototaxis of the stigma apparatus in the ciliate <i>Chlamydodon mnemosyne</i> (1999)

Chlamydodon mnemosyne, a brackish-water ciliate which feeds on cyanobacteria, is capable of sensing the direction of light. Cells are negatively phototactic in the well-fed state and tend to swim towards the light source when mildly starved. Severely starved cells normally fail to show phototactic responses. An autofluorescent substance, which is present in all life cycle stages, occurs in, or immediately beneath, the plasma membrane of this ciliate. It is located in the anterior left side of a cell, in the same region where mildly starved cells accumulate small orange globules that form a structure known as the stigma. The diameter of the whole area where the autofluorescent substance is located appears to be smaller than the stigma; typically, it consists of two rows of blue-green fluorescence, each row subdivided into 5-10 squares. Since the blue-green autofluorescence is excited by both blue (450-490 nm) and near-ultraviolet (340-380 nm) light, it possibly originates from flavin- and/or pterin-like molecules. We suggest that the autofluorescent substance located in or beneath the plasma membrane of Chlamydodon mnemosyne acts as a photoreceptor pigment in phototaxis and that photo-orientation of this ciliate is triggered by a combined mechanism involving the photoreceptor and either the stigma or a number of light-absorbing food vacuoles as a shading device.
A match moving technique for merging CG and human video sequences (2002)

Merging virtual objects with human video sequences is an important technique for many applications such as special effects in movies and augmented reality. In the traditional method, the operator manually fits a 3D body model onto the human video sequence, and generates virtual objects at the current 3D body pose. However, the manual fitting is a time consuming task, and automatic registration is required. We propose a new method for merging virtual objects onto the human video sequence. First, we track the current 3D pose of the human figure by using spatio-temporal analysis and structural knowledge of the human body. Then we generate a CG object and merge it with the human figure in video. We demonstrate examples of merging virtual cloth with the video captured images.
Lipopolysaccharide from Nonvirulent Ara <sup>+</sup> <i>Burkholderia pseudomallei</i> Isolates Is Immunologically Indistinguishable from Lipopolysaccharide from Virulent Ara <sup>−</sup> Clinical Isolates (1998)

Different lines of evidence suggest that a discrepancy between the distribution of Burkholderia (Pseudomonas) pseudomallei in the environment and the distribution of the disease melioidosis is attributable, at least in part, to phenotypic differences between clinical and some environmental isolates. Two antigenically and biochemically distinct biotypes have been described, only one of which is virulent. In this study, lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) were extracted by the proteinase K digestion method from a total of 214 B. pseudomallei isolates, and their immunoreactivities with sera from patients with different clinical spectra and with other infections were evaluated. With the exception of4 isolates from a total of 214 tested, the sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis silver-staining profiles of the LPSs from the two biotypes showed identical ladder patterns that were typical for smooth LPSs from other gram-negative bacteria. The 210 isolates with typical LPS patterns (119 Ara- clinical, 13 Ara- soil, 70 Ara+ soil, and 8 reference National Type Culture Collection strains) also exhibited similar immunoblot profiles against pooled sera from patients with melioidosis and hyperimmune mouse sera. Concordant findings were noted in the indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with Ara- and Ara+ LPSs to coat the microtiter plates. The LPSs of the different B. pseudomallei biotypes appear antigenically indistinguishable. It is, therefore, unlikely that this component is related to the virulence and pathogenicity of B. pseudomallei.
A Specific Two-pore Domain Potassium Channel Blocker Defines the Structure of the TASK-1 Open Pore (2011)

Two-pore domain potassium (K(2P)) channels play a key role in setting the membrane potential of excitable cells. Despite their role as putative targets for drugs and general anesthetics, little is known about the structure and the drug binding site of K(2P) channels. We describe A1899 as a potent and highly selective blocker of the K(2P) channel TASK-1. As A1899 acts as an open-channel blocker and binds to residues forming the wall of the central cavity, the drug was used to further our understanding of the channel pore. Using alanine mutagenesis screens, we have identified residues in both pore loops, the M2 and M4 segments, and the halothane response element to form the drug binding site of TASK-1. Our experimental data were used to validate a K(2P) open-pore homology model of TASK-1, providing structural insights for future rational design of drugs targeting K(2P) channels.
Optical vernier filter with two single 3 × 3 planar coupler fiber ring resonators in tandem (1994)

A novel and simple optical vernier filter is proposed. It comprises two optical fiber ring resonators in tandem, each connected to a single-mode 3 × 3 planar fiber coupler. The vernier operation increases the effective free spectral range of the device significantly. This device can be used as a filter and wavelength-division demultiplexer.
Fast two-step histogram-based image segmentation (2011)

The authors propose a novel image segmentation technique based on the non-parametric clustering procedure in the discretised colour space. The discrete probability density function is estimated in two steps. Multidimensional colour histogram is created, which is afterwards used to acquire final density estimate using the variable kernel density estimation technique. Segmentation is obtained by mapping revealed range domain clusters to the spatial image domain. The proposed method is highly efficient, running in time linear to the number of the image pixels with low constant factors. The output of the algorithm can be accommodated for a particular application to simplify the integration with other image processing techniques. Quantitative evaluation on a standard test dataset proves that the quality of the segmentations provided by the proposed method is comparable to the quality of the segmentations generated by other widely adopted low-level segmentation techniques, while running times are several times faster.
An Involvement of Oxidative Stress in Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Its Associated Diseases (2012)

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the major site of calcium storage and protein folding. It has a unique oxidizing-folding environment due to the predominant disulfide bond formation during the process of protein folding. Alterations in the oxidative environment of the ER and also intra-ER Ca2+ cause the production of ER stress-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS). Protein disulfide isomerases, endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductin-1, reduced glutathione and mitochondrial electron transport chain proteins also play crucial roles in ER stress-induced production of ROS. In this article, we discuss ER stress-associated ROS and related diseases, and the current understanding of the signaling transduction involved in ER stress.
Potential-pH Diagrams of Stress Effects on Occluded Cell Corrosion Inside Stress Corrosion Cracks (1995)

The construction of experimental potential-pH diagrams depicting both thermodynamic and kinetic behaviors inside a pit or crack during its propagation was described in detail. This study included the procedures and methods for determining the related thermodynamic and kinetic curves, corrosion rates during the different stages of propagation, and the critical pH value below which the film on the crack tip ruptured completely and the corrosion process accelerated. The system 18% chromium (Cr)-9% nickel (Ni)-titanium (Ti) stainless steel (SS)-chloride (Cl–) was used to draw the potential-pH diagrams with and without stress as demonstration examples. Effects of stress on occluded cell corrosion (OCC) were shown by comparing the diagrams. Stress reduced passivation ability, increased corrosion rates, and increased the critical pH value.
Environmental Science Demystified (2005)

PART ONE: ATMOSPHERE Chapter 1. Our Planet Earth Chapter 2. World Ecosystems and Biodiversity Chapter 3. Atmosphere Chapter 4. Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming Test: Part One PART TWO: WATER Chapter 5. Hydrologic Cycle Chapter 6. Oceans and Fisheries Chapter 7. Glaciers Chapter 8. Water Pollution and Treatment Test: Part Two PART THREE: LAND Chapter 9. Weathering and Erosion Chapter 10. Deserts Chapter 11. Geochemical Cycling Chapter 12. Solid and Hazardous Waste Test: Part Three PART FOUR: WHAT CAN BE DONE? Chapter 13. Fossil Fuels Chapter 14. Solar and Nuclear Energy Chapter 15. Wind, Hydroelectric and Geothermal Energy Chapter 16. Future Policy and Alternatives Test: Part Four FINAL EXAM ANSWERS TO EARTH QUIZ, TEST AND EXAM QUESTIONS APPENDIX I: TERMS AND ORGANIZATIONS APPENDIX II: CONVERSION FACTORS, REFERENCES, INTERNET REFERENCES, INDEX
A Context-Aware Architecture for Smart Space Environment (2007)

We present a context-aware architecture that supports seamless coordination and management of hardware devices through adaptive web services. Our context engine (CE) architecture focuses on context modeling in a smart space environment. The architecture supports logic-based context reasoning and creating a consistent context knowledge base. As a proof of concept, a prototype demo has been developed to exhibit the functionalities of our CE through a Web- based Device Workflow Management (WDWM) system. In this paper, a novel two-tier reasoning mechanism: pre-programmed rules definition and semi-automated rules generation based on available contexts are proposed to maximize the usage of available contexts. With this mechanism in place, various types of reasoning tasks can be performed while minimizing conflicting contexts in order to preserve the consistency of context knowledge database.
ENZYMIC QUANTIFICATION OF (1→3) (1→4)-β-<i>D</i>-GLUCAN IN BARLEY AND MALT (1985)

A simple and quantitative method for the determination of (1→3) (1→4)-β-D-glucan in barley flour and malt is described. The method allows direct analysis of β-glucan in flour and malt slurries. Mixed-linkage β-glucan is specifically depolymerized with a highly purified (1→3) (1→4)-β-D-glucanase (lichenase), from Bacillus subtilis, to tri-, tetra- and higher degree of polymerization (d.p.) oligosaccharides. These oligosaccharides are then specifically and quantitatively hydrolysed to glucose using purified β-D-glucosidase. The glucose is then specifically determined using glucose oxidase/peroxidase reagent. Since barley flours contain only low levels of glucose, and maltosaccharides do not interfere with the assay, removal of low d.p. sugars is not necessary. Blank values are determined for each sample allowing the direct measurement of β-glucan in maltsamples.α-Amylasedoes not interfere with the assay. The method issuitable for the routineanalysis of β-glucan in barley samples derived from breeding programs; 50 samples can be analysed by a single operator in a day. Evaluation of the technique on different days has indicated a mean standard error of 0–1 for barley flour samples containing 3–8 and 4–6% (w/w) β-glucan content.
Near-term quantum algorithms for linear systems of equations (2019)

Solving linear systems of equations is essential for many problems in science and technology, including problems in machine learning. Existing quantum algorithms have demonstrated the potential for large speedups, but the required quantum resources are not immediately available on near-term quantum devices. In this work, we study near-term quantum algorithms for linear systems of equations of the form $Ax = b$. We investigate the use of variational algorithms and analyze their optimization landscapes. There exist types of linear systems for which variational algorithms designed to avoid barren plateaus, such as properly-initialized imaginary time evolution and adiabatic-inspired optimization, suffer from a different plateau problem. To circumvent this issue, we design near-term algorithms based on a core idea: the classical combination of variational quantum states (CQS). We exhibit several provable guarantees for these algorithms, supported by the representation of the linear system on a so-called Ansatz tree. The CQS approach and the Ansatz tree also admit the systematic application of heuristic approaches, including a gradient-based search. We have conducted numerical experiments solving linear systems as large as $2^{300} \times 2^{300}$ by considering cases where we can simulate the quantum algorithm efficiently on a classical computer. These experiments demonstrate the algorithms' ability to scale to system sizes within reach in near-term quantum devices of about $100$-$300$ qubits.
Green corrosion inhibitors: Theory and Practice (2012)

"Green corrosion inhibitors: Theory and Practice." Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology, 47(4), p. 249
FTIR, Diffusivity, Selectivity, and Aging Studies of Interactions of Hydrazine, Water, and Hydrazine Hydrate with the Ethylcellulose Membrane (1997)

Specific interaction sites of ethylcellulose with water, hydrazine, and the mixtures of hydrazine hydrate and water have been studied by FTIR spectra. Measurements of diffusion and sorption coefficients of these materials in ethylcellulose were made to determine the overall selectivity. Aging studies of the membrane including an accelerated aging test have also been conducted. The influence of aging on physico-chemical and mechanical properties were assessed by FTIR studies and mechanical tests. These studies showed that the ethylcellulose membrane can be used for prolonged periods in hydrazine hydrate and as such is suitable for the separation of hydrazine−water mixtures.
Efecto de la salinidad en el crecimiento de Isochrysis sp. bajo condiciones de cultivo estático (2004)

The influence of nucleus shape and orientation on the elastic modulus of epithelial cells was investigated with atomic force microscopy. The shape and orientation were controlled by presenting the epithelial cells with anisotropic parallel ridges and grooves of varying pitch at the cell substratum. As the cells oriented to the underlying topography, the volume of the nucleus increased as the pitch of the topography increased from 400 nm to 2000 nm. The increase in nucleus volume was reflected by an increase in the measured elastic modulus of the topographically aligned cells. Significant alterations in the shape of the nucleus, by intimate contact with the topographic ridge and grooves of the underlying cell, were also observed via confocal microscopy, indicating that the nucleus may also act as a direct mechanosensor of substratum topography.
Construction of a Graphene Oxide Based Noncovalent Multiple Nanosupramolecular Assembly as a Scaffold for Drug Delivery (2012)

A multiple supramolecular assembly, in which a folic acid-modified β-cyclodextrin (1) acted as a target unit, an adamantanyl porphyrin (2) acted as a linker unit, and graphene oxide acted as a carrier unit, was successfully fabricated through non-covalent interactions and comprehensively investigated by means of UV/Vis, fluorescence, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies, and electron microscopy. Significantly, the graphene oxide unit could associate with the anticancer drug doxorubicin through π-π interactions, and the folic acid-modified β-cyclodextrin unit could recognize the folic acid receptors in cancer cells. Owing to the cooperative contribution of these three units, the resulting multiple supramolecular assembly, after association with doxorubicin, exhibited better drug activity and much lower toxicity than free doxorubicin in vivo.
지형현황측량을 위한 VRS 방식 GPS의 활용성 평가 (2010)

종래의 실시간이동측위 방법은 단일 기준국에서 이동국의 위치를 보정하여 새로운 좌표를 전송하는 방법이었으나 거리가 멀어질수록 위치정확도를 확보할 수 없는 한계가 있었다. 가상기준국은 다중의 기준국을 네트워크로 연결한 후, 중앙처리센터에서 이동국의 인접지역에 가상의 기준국을 생성하여 보정신호를 전송하는 방법으로 기준국과의 거리에 상관없이 정밀한 측량이 가능하다는 장점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 국토지리정보원에서 제공하는 VRS 서비스를 이용한 측량을 실시하고, 그 성과를 지적도근점 성과 및 토털스테이션 측량 성과와 비교·분석을 통하여 정확도를 평가하여 VRS 측량의 활용 가능성을 제시하였다.
Elimination of the musical noise phenomenon with the Ephraim and Malah noise suppressor (1994)

Presents a study of the noise suppression technique proposed by Ephraim and Malah (1984,1985). This technique has been used previously for the restoration of degraded audio recordings because it is free of the frequently encountered 'musical noise' artifact. It is demonstrated how this artifact is actually eliminated without bringing distortion to the recorded signal even if the noise is only poorly stationary.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Phytochemical and pharmacological profile of Zanthoxylum armatum DC. - An overview (2011)

Zanthoxylum armatum DC. (Family ─ Rutaceace), also known as Toothache tree occupies an important place in the history of Indian system of medicines. It is used as carminative, stomachic and anthelmintic and in the treatment of toothache. It contains volatile oil with active constituents such as linalool, limonene and lignan. Various studies indicated that it possesses antilarvicidal, antifungal, hepatoprotective and allelopathic properties. This review focuses on the detailed phytochemical composition and medicinal uses along with pharmacological properties of different parts of Z. armatum .
New technology: IT initiatives for legal firms (2012)

What new technology is being used in law firms today and what impact is it having on the way we work? Kelly and Co. is implementing a number of leading-edge, technology-related initiatives and Andrew Shaw and Stuart Price were asked to share some of their thoughts on the trends they are seeing.
Discrimination of the saturated vapours of alcohols by the responses of assembly of piezoquartz sensors covered with metal stearates and their complexes with octadecylamine (2006)

The sensitivity of sensor assembly based on piezoquartz resonators (PQR) with the chemical coatings of the specified type relatively to the saturated vapours of several lowest alcohols is investigated. As the chemical coatings, some complex compounds of d-transition metals with stearate anion (St -) and octadecylamine (ODA) of the general formula M(ODA) N St 2 were used, where M 2+ are ions of d-transition metals Cu(II), Co(II), Ni(II), and N was equal 0, 2, 4, and 6. The sensor images for each of all alcohols investigated by us has the unique character that can be used for discrimination between individual alcohols by using the set of coatings of PQR sensors applied in this work.
fan ren suo shi (1997)

凡人琐事老驽小巷拐南处不知从何时起卖油饼、糊辣汤、包子、稀饭、汤元、醪糟……的摊位悄然而起，竟至形成如今这不大不小的群落。匆匆而来的学子，蹒跚而去的老者，一溜一串，洒落一街欢畅。摊主们陪笑搭讪、送汤递饭，郭老汉也是其中一员。随和、善良的老汉，今天却一...
Disinfection Practices for Endoscopes and Other Semicritical Items (1991)

William A. Rutala, Eva P. Clontz, David J. Weber, Karen K. Hoffmann, Disinfection Practices for Endoscopes and Other Semicritical Items, Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, Vol. 12, No. 5 (May, 1991), pp. 282-288
Digital forensic research: current state of the art (2012)

Digital forensics is the process of employing scientific principles and processes to analyze electronically stored information and determine the sequence of events which led to a particular incident. In this digital age, it is important for researchers to become aware of the recent developments in this dynamic field and understand scope for the future. The past decade has witnessed significant technological advancements to aid during a digital investigation. Many methodologies, tools and techniques have found their way into the field designed on forensic principles. Digital forensics has also witnessed many innovative approaches that have been explored to acquire and analyze digital evidence from diverse sources. In this paper, we review the research literature since 2000 and categorize developments in the field into four major categories. In recent years the exponential growth of technological has also brought with it some serious challenges for digital forensic research which is elucidated. Within each category, research is sub-classified into conceptual and practical advancements. We highlight the observations made by previous researchers and summarize the research directions for the future.
Photochemistry of the carbon–nitrogen double bond. Part 1. Carbon–nitrogen vs. carbon–carbon double bond isomerisation in the photochemistry of α,β-unsaturated oxime ethers: the benzylideneacetone oxime O-methyl ether system (1986)

The syntheses of the four benzylideneacetone oxime O-methyl ether isomers (2)–(5) are described. Direct or sensitised irradiation of the E,E-isomer (2) or Z,E-isomer (3) leads to equilibration of all four isomers by a combination of rapid carbon–nitrogen double bond isomerisation and slower carbon–carbon double bond isomerisation. A previous investigation of the photochemistry of the E,E-isomer (2) had reported only carbon–carbon double bond isomerisation.
Dielectric Properties of Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Thin Films Prepared by Vacuum Evaporation (1970)

The dielectric films formed by evaporating Y 2 O 3 in vacuum have been identified with sesquioxide by infrared transmission, electron and X-ray diffraction studies. Thin film capacitors using this dielectric material exhibit excellent electric stability in high termperature and can be reproduced easily in a closed-cycle process with electron beam equipment. The dielectric constant is 13 and dissipation factor, tan δ, is 0.003 at room temperature with a breakdown field strength of 3×10 6 V/cm. The temperature coefficient of Y 2 O 3 film capacitor is about 300 ppm/°C.