gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Control signal layout ordering scheme minimisingcross-coupling effect in deep-submicrometre datapath design (1999)

In deep submicrometre technology, an inter-wire coupling capacitance dominates wire loading and makes interconnect delays very data-dependent. Reducing this cross-coupling effect is crucial for high-speed lower-power operation. A layout scheme is proposed for datapath control signals which reduces the switching power by 10% and wire delays by 15% for 0.25 µm microprocessor examples.
The C-S Lyases of Higher Plants (1987)

Garlic and onion alliin lyases, although from closely related species, have many differences. The two enzymes differ in their K(m) values, pH optima, and isoelectric points. There is a major difference in their molecular weight and subunit structure. The garlic holoenzyme has a molecular weight of 85,000 and consists of two subunits of molecular weight 42,000. The onion enzyme has a holoenzyme molecular weight of 200,000 composed of four subunits of molecular weight 50,000. The onion enzyme is much more difficult to dissociate into its subunits which suggests differences in subunit interaction between the two enzymes. The dimeric stucture of the garlic and the tetrameric structure of the onion enzyme is consistent with a coenzyme content (pyridoxal-5'-phosphate) equivalent to one mole per subunit. The two enzymes vary vastly in their spectra, the onion enzyme having a lower pyridoxal-5'-phosphate absorbance at 430 nanomoles and an inability to react with l-cysteine. Both enzymes are glycoproteins and bind to concanavalin A-Sepharose columns. The onion alliin lyase binds more tightly than the garlic enzyme. The amino acid content of both enzymes is similar as is the carbohydrate content. However, upon hydrolysis the onion lyase does yield more mannose units than the garlic enzyme which is consistent with the former's stronger affinity for concanavalin A.
The Effects of Parental Age and Sibling Configurations on Family Environment and Academic Achievement of Children (2008)

In this study, we draw from the literature on sibling configurations and parental age to investigate the effects of these factors on the academic achievement of children. The study investigates the effects of maternal age at first birth, maternal age when the respondent was born, and father's age when the respondent was born on ACT scores, grade point averages over three years, and whether or not the parents are providing financial aid to their students. We examine the effects of sibship size, ordinal position, and gender composition of the sibship on these same variables. The study also investigates the extent to which the relationship between parental age and academic outcomes is linear. The relationship of sibship size, ordinal position, and gender composition on the quality of relationships with parents is investigated. Using a sample of freshmen at a mid-western university, we find consistent positive effects of parental age on high school and early college achievement, as well as consistent negative birth order effects on achievement at the high school level. Students with older parents and fewer older siblings consistently performed better. Sibship size and the proportion of females in the sibship had no effect on academic outcomes. Using self-reported data from children on a childhood measure of parental support and interaction and quality of relationships with parents during late adolescence, we also investigate the impact of parental age at birth, and sibling characteristics on childhood and adolescent family environment. Ordinal position had a significant positive effect on the quality of relationships with parents during adolescence, and sibship size had a significant negative effect. We find a curvilinear effect for paternal age on childhood support and parental involvement, but not for academic achievement or quality of relationships with parents in late adolescence. Parental education had a positive significant impact on childhood support and involvement. Children from larger sibships and who were later born children were less likely to receive financial aid from their parents. The results are discussed as they relate to the literature on parental age and sibling configurations, and in terms of their implications for student retention and success.
Adaptive scheduling for high-volume shops (1992)

A conceptual algorithm for NP-hard scheduling problems that gives accurate reactive scheduling for high-volume shops is presented. The heuristic algorithm provides classical dispatch scheduling with an embedded optimization procedure. It delivers successive updates of the initially generated schedule by extending in an unconventional way the horizon of applicability. An adaptive mechanism is implemented. The successive schedule updates are generated using beam search. The conceptual algorithm is applied to problems where a periodic production pattern is assumed. Analysis of the algorithm's behavior reveals that the performance measure converges to the calculated lower bounds and that the computational time can be polynomial, for each problem, in the number of parts to process.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A double crystal von Hamos spectrometer for traceable x-ray emission spectroscopy (2021)

A novel double full-cylinder crystal x-ray spectrometer for x-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) has been realized based on a modified von Hamos geometry. The spectrometer is characterized by its compact dimensions, its versatility with respect to the number of crystals used in series in the detection path, and the option to perform calibrated XES measurements. The full-cylinder crystals used are based on highly annealed pyrolytic graphite with a thickness of 40 μm, which was bent to a radius of curvature of 50 mm. The flexible design of the spectrometer allows for an easy change-within the same setup-between measurements with one crystal for maximized efficiency or two crystals for increased spectral resolving power. The spectrometer realized can be used at different end-stations of synchrotron radiation beamlines or can be laboratory-based. The main application focus of the spectrometer is the determination of x-ray fundamental atomic parameters in the photon energy range from 2.4 to 18 keV. The evaluation of chemical speciation is also an area of application, as demonstrated in the example of battery electrodes using resonant inelastic x-ray scattering.
FUNDAMENTAL SECURITY VALUATION (2000)

AbstractThe following sections are included:IntroductionValuation of BondsYield Curve and Term Structure AnalysisCustom-fitting of Bond MaturitiesComputing Forward Interest RatesRisk-Based Credit RatingsValuation of Stocks by Dividend Discount ModelsCash Flow and Ratio AnalysisExercisesBibliography
CO2 sequestration in deep aquifers (2000)

Disposal and long-term sequestration of anthropogenic &quot;greenhouse gases &quot; such as CO2 is a proposed approach to reducing global warming. Deep, regional-scale aquifers in sedimentary basins are possible sites for sequestration, given their ubiquitous nature. We used a mathematical sedimentary basin model, including multiphase flow of CO2, groundwater, and brine, to evaluate residence times in possible aquifer storage sites and migration patterns and rates away from such sites in the Powder River Basin of Wyoming. We also used the model to simulate CO2 flow through fractures, to evaluate partitioning between fracture and rock matrix. These simulations provide insight regarding the ultimate propensity of permeability reductions versus permeability increases in the fracture zone associated with carbonate reactions. Regional-scale hydrologic properties, including the presence of fracture zones, were calibrated using surface heat flow data. Our initial results suggest that, in general, long-term (~1000 years or more) sequestration in deep aquifers is possible, if subsurface structure and permeability are well characterized. However, additional risks are involved. In addition to CO2 escape from sequestration aquifers into other aquifers or to the land surface, another environmental threat posed by subsurface sequestration is contamination by brines. We evaluated the potential for such unintended aquifer contamination by displacement of brines out of adjacent sealing layers such as marine shales. Results suggest that sustained injection of CO2 may incur wide-scale brine displacement out of adjacent sealing layers, depending on the injection history, initial brine composition, and hydrologic properties of both aquifers and seals.
Object identification for inventory management using convolutional neural network (2016)

In this paper, a real time inventory monitoring system using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) has been proposed. The objective is to develop a reliable and efficient method for object counting and localization in the inventory using vision interface. Firstly, the Region of interest (ROI) is extracted from the image of inventory using visual features i.e. stable regions of input image. The centroids for these stable regions are estimated using Connected Component Analysis (CCA). These centroids are used to get bounding box in the stable regions. The bounding box generated for their respective ROIs are fed to CNN followed by Softmax layer for classification. Herein, single layer CNN architecture is used. The Softmax layer is used to classify the bounding boxes and final box is drawn for approximate location of object with distance, measured using RGB-D sensor. The CNN training has been performed using STL-10 Dataset. The Softmax layer is trained for various classes with their respective labels. The test has been performed for two different classes. The developed algorithm performed well irrespective of resolution and color variations in input image and able to count objects with respect to depth parameter.
Protection against Helicobacter pylori infection by intestinal immunisation with a 50/52-kDa subunit protein (1999)

A mouse model of Helicobacter pylori infection was used to evaluate the vaccine antigen potential of the citrate synthase homologue protein purified from the H. pylori NCTC 11637 strain. Mice were immunised with the protein by intra-Peyer's patch immunisation. This route gives maximal intestinal immunisation and was used to screen oral vaccine candidate antigens without the added complication of simultaneously testing oral delivery systems. Two weeks post-immunisation mice were infected with Sydney strain H. pylori and 4 weeks after infection the mice were killed and the level of H. pylori infection in the stomach determined. Pre-immunisation with the 50/52-kDa protein led to a 84–91% reduction in H. pylori infection compared to unimmunised controls.
Correlation of waveforms from closely spaced regional events (1990)

Abstract We studied the similarity of waveforms recorded at the high frequency element of the NORESS array from 137 events (ML = 0.8 to 2.1) in or near the mining districts of Central Sweden. Waveform correlations based on the covariance matrices of three component recordings and on maximum amplitudes were calculated from traces filtered between 2.5 and 4.0 Hz, in which band the signal-to-noise ratio consistently peaked for the waveforms. A cutoff value for the correlations to separate waveforms with poor and good correlation values could be defined from the statistical uncertainty in back azimuth estimates of NORESS. More than 80 per cent of the events could be grouped with hierarchical clustering into one large group of 98 events and five smaller groups. The NORESS epicenters of the events in the large group were scattered over an area of 20 × 75 km. An exponential decay of the waveform correlation with event separation (d in km) could be fitted to the data of this group (exp(−d/8), taking NORESS epicenter uncertainties into account. A procedure for location of close events based on correlation values is defined. When applied to the large event group it limits the event epicenters to be within an area of about 4 km. For one small event group, high correlation values were obtained above 15 Hz. These frequencies are significantly higher than those reported in other studies, and the so called quarter wavelength argument constrains the event epicenters to within 0.1 km.
Kinetics of iodination of sodium phenylpropiolate (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetics of iodination of sodium phenylpropiolateErnst Berliner and Mary H. WilsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1971, 93, 1, 208–216Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00730a035https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00730a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views67Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The microwave autodyne Gunn oscillator as a simple detector of EPR signal for food-irradiation dosimeter (2003)

A microwave autodyne Gunn oscillator has been presented The oscillator may be used as a simple detector of EPR signal for irradiation-food dosimeter. The idea of EPR method of measurement of radiation dose has been described A low-cost, simple EPR spectrometer for estimation of dose of food irradiation can be built on the basis of microwave autodyne Gunn oscillator. The re-entrant resonator Gunn oscillator has been proposed as an attractive solution of autodyne circuit. The design expressions and the oscillator parameters have been given and one particular oscillator elaborated.
Unternehmerverhalten bei Erlösmaximierung (1975)

1. Zur Orientierung Die intellektuelle Reaktion auf die wachsende Kritik an der traditio nellen Theorie der Unternehmung hat zu einer Reihe von Neuorientierungen gefuhrt, die sich in erster Annaherung unter bewustem Verzicht auf taxo nomische Subtilitat wie folgt strukturieren lassen: Auf der einen Seite, und zwar dogmenhistorisch etwas fruher lokalisiert, stehen die Bemuhungen im Rahmen der breiteren Perspektive der modernen Organisationstheorie durch Theorien „adaptierenden bzw. „aspirierenden Verhaltens (satisficing be havior), den klassischen Marginalismus der traditionellen okonomischen Theorie des „optimierenden Verhaltens zu uberwinden1). Auf der anderen Seite waren die heterogenen Ansatze im Rahmen der modernen Theorie der Eigentumsrechte anzufuhren, die sich mehr dem traditionellen Gedankengut der klassischen Okonomik verpflichtet fuhlen, wobei sie allerdings durch eine Reihe von einfachen, doch entscheidenden theoretischen Neuformulierungen unter systematischer Einbeziehung sozio-kultureller Variablen das Anwen dungsfeld der uberlieferten Theorie in bedeutender Weise erweitert haben2). Ohne auf Gemeinsamkeiten oder unterscheidende Charakteristika der ange sprochenen beiden Richtungen naher einzugehen, sei an dieser Stelle nur an gemerkt, das sich die eigentumsrechtliche Perspektive der modernen Theorie der Unternehmung der behavioristischen Konkurrenz3) des alternativen An satzes als analytisch uberlegen erwiesen hat, nicht zuletzt deswegen, weil
Tuberculoma of the Cervical Spinal Canal Mimicking En Plaque Meningioma (2005)

A previously healthy, HIV-negative, 40-year-old man presented with a 2-month history of progressive weakness of his left arm. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an intradural, extramedullary plaque-shaped lesion at C6-T1 levels with high contrast enhancement. Based on the patient's clinical and radiologic findings, it was believed that the patient had an en plaque meningioma, and he was operated on. Histologic examination of the mass revealed granulomas with multinucleated and Langhans-type giant cells, typical of a tuberculoma. Intradural extramedullary tuberculomas should be considered in the differential diagnosis of en plaque meningioma as a rare entity.
Administrators’ perspectives of diversity: An examination of the University of Florida (2005)

The issue of successful diversity management is of particular concern now because of changing demographics. This research documents how administrators at the University of Florida have struggled with the challenge of diversity in recent years and makes suggestions for how administrators at other institutions can learn from this example.
An Undersea Fiber-Optic Regenerator Using an Integral-Substrate Package and Flip-Chip SAW Mounting (1984)

A 324-Mbit/s electrical regenerator module intended for undersea optical-fiber systems is described. It has a sensitivity of 20 mV peak to peak, at which the total jitter is 3.3° rms, a low figure achieved by close attention to balance at chip and circuit board level. Timing phase adjustment is by means of a single select-on-test resistor, which enables the timing to be optimized quicker and more accurately than by conventional means. The regenerator functions are realized using four chips in the proven ECL-40 technology. This number reduces to three if a 28-pin chip carrier is used. The power consumption of these chips totals 1.3 W. The module incorporates a novel method ("flip-chip") of mounting SAW filters which is mechanically robust without the use of organic compounds, and which improves SAW performance by the virtual elimination of electromagnetic breakthrough.
Spray-ILGAR indium sulfide buffers for Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 solar cells (2005)

Thin-film indium sulfide buffer layers have been prepared using the Spray-ILGAR technique for use in chalcopyrite solar cells. Buffers deposited on commercially grown Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 absorbers have produced cells reaching a certified efficiency of 14·7% and average efficiencies matching the reference solar cells prepared with a conventional cadmium sulfide buffer layer. The process parameters have been optimized and the resulting cells have been studied using current–voltage and temperature–illumination-dependent current–voltage analysis as well as quantum efficiency measurements. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
MANNHEIM (2013)

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<i>terminal flower</i>: a gene affecting inflorescence development in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> (1992)

Summary Growth of flowering stems in wild‐type Arabidopsis is indeterminate. Many flowers arise sequentially on the flanks of apical meristems in a phyllotactic spiral. We have isolated eight recessive mutants of a gene, terminal flower , in which inflorescences become determinate. Flower primordia sooner or later ‘invade’ the meristem summit leading to cessation of its further growth. Primary apical meristems usually terminate with several part‐flowers which lack pedicels, and several normal pedicellate flowers may arise first. By contrast apical meristems of secondary branches usually produce only a single pedicellate flower. Plant height is also reduced and more rosette inflorescences develop. These growth patterns occur in six strong mutants raised at 25°C under continuous light. In two weak mutants termination occurs much later with many more flowers arising before eventual termination. Termination is similarly delayed in at least one of the strong mutants grown at lower temperatures. The tfl mutation does not affect the indeterminate growth of flower meristems, at least in‐so‐far as this occurs in agamous mutants. The tfl locus is at the top of linkage group 5, close to RFLP 447. We propose that the TFL gene product supports the activity of an inhibitor of flower primordium initiation. This inhibitor would normally prevent flowers from arising on the inflorescence apex but in tfl mutants it may readily fall below its threshold of activity. The TFL gene may be one of a class responsible for evolutionary changes between indeterminate and determinate growth.
Evaluation of the diagnostic algorithm consisting of enzyme immunoassay for toxins and polymerase chain reaction, for the diagnosis of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea (2012)

A total of 1631 stool specimens were tested for Clostridium difficile toxins A and B using an enzyme immunoassay (EIA). C. difficile toxin was detected in 191 (11.7%, 191/1631) cases by EIA. Among the remaining 1440 cases, 102 cases in patients with either antibiotic-associated diarrhoea or hospitalized patients with unexplained leukocytosis (> 15,000/mm³) and fever (≥ 38°C) even though they did not meet the criteria for diarrhoea, were further assessed using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the toxin B gene (tcdB). Thirty-four cases were tcdB-positive (33.3%, 34/102). A total of 225 cases (13.8%, 225/1631) had a stool test result positive for C. difficile toxins. Among these, 145 cases were diagnosed with C. difficile-associated diarrhoea (CDAD): 80.7% (117/145) using the EIA and 19.3% (28/145) using the PCR. In our study, the 2-test algorithm including EIA-toxin assay and PCR test made a more accurate diagnosis of CDAD. Furthermore, the application of clinical situations may be effective in the selection of patients who need confirmatory testing.
Quasi-orthogonal space-frequency block code (2005)

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with space frequency block code (SFBC) outperforms OFDM with space time block code (STBC) in the fast fading channel environment. However, a complex orthogonal code with code rate one does not exist for more than two antennas. To increase the throughput, we propose a quasi-orthogonal SFBC-OFDM system with the four transmit antennas. Simulation shows a tradeoff between the advantage of the SFBC in the mobile communication environment and the improved throughput which achieves code rate one.
On the usage of concrete syntax in model transformation rules (2007)

Abstract. Graph transformations are one of the best known approaches for defining transformations in model-based software development. They are defined over the abstract syntax of source and target languages, described by metamodels. Since graph transformations are defined on the abstract syntax level, they can be hard to read and require an in-depth knowledge of the source and target metamodels. In this paper we investigate how graph transformations can be made much more compact and easier to read by using the concrete syntax of the source and target languages. We illustrate our approach by defining model refactorings.