gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A global multiscale mathematical model for the human circulation with emphasis on the venous system (2014)

We present a global, closed-loop, multiscale mathematical model for the human circulation including the arterial system, the venous system, the heart, the pulmonary circulation and the microcirculation. A distinctive feature of our model is the detailed description of the venous system, particularly for intracranial and extracranial veins. Medium to large vessels are described by one-dimensional hyperbolic systems while the rest of the components are described by zero-dimensional models represented by differential-algebraic equations. Robust, high-order accurate numerical methodology is implemented for solving the hyperbolic equations, which are adopted from a recent reformulation that includes variable material properties. Because of the large intersubject variability of the venous system, we perform a patient-specific characterization of major veins of the head and neck using MRI data. Computational results are carefully validated using published data for the arterial system and most regions of the venous system. For head and neck veins, validation is carried out through a detailed comparison of simulation results against patient-specific phase-contrast MRI flow quantification data. A merit of our model is its global, closed-loop character; the imposition of highly artificial boundary conditions is avoided. Applications in mind include a vast range of medical conditions. Of particular interest is the study of some neurodegenerative diseases, whose venous haemodynamic connection has recently been identified by medical researchers.
A Black-box Monitoring Approach to Measure Microservices Runtime Performance (2020)

Microservices changed cloud computing by moving the applications’ complexity from one monolithic executable to thousands of network interactions between small components. Given the increasing deployment sizes, the architectural exploitation challenges, and the impact on data-centers’ power consumption, we need to efficiently track this complexity. Within this article, we propose a black-box monitoring approach to track microservices at scale, focusing on architectural metrics, power consumption, application performance, and network performance. The proposed approach is transparent w.r.t. the monitored applications, generates less overhead w.r.t. black-box approaches available in the state-of-the-art, and provides fine-grain accurate metrics.
The Short Happy Life of Litigation Between Tortfeasors: Contribution, Indemnification and Subrogation After Washington's Tort Reform Acts (1997)

Section I summarizes the history and development of tort law in Washington, with an emphasis on the impact of the 1981 and 1986 Tort Reform Acts and their imperfect union. Section II outlines the traditional equitable remedies that are potentially available to a tortfeasor seeking reimbursement for having paid more than its share. Section III sets out the thesis and explains why under current law a tortfeasor's suit for reimbursement should be the exception, not the rule. The need, and the basis, for such litigation is dependent upon the existence of joint and several liability-which now occurs only infrequently.
Loss of <i>Rad51c</i> Leads to Embryonic Lethality and Modulation of <i>Trp53</i> -Dependent Tumorigenesis in Mice (2009)

RecA/Rad51 protein family members (Rad51, Rad51b, Rad51c, Rad51d, Xrcc2, and Xrcc3) are essential for DNA repair by homologous recombination, and their role in cancers has been anticipated. Here we provide the first direct evidence for a tumor suppressor function for a member of the Rad51 family. We show that Rad51c deficiency leads to early embryonic lethality, which can be delayed on a Trp53-null background. To uncover the role of Rad51c in tumorigenesis, we have exploited the fact that Rad51c and Trp53 are both closely located on the mouse chromosome 11. We have generated double heterozygous (DH) mice carrying mutant alleles of both genes either on different (DH-trans) or on the same chromosome (DH-cis), the latter allowing for a deletion of wild-type alleles of both genes by loss of heterozygosity. DH-trans mice, in contrast to DH-cis, developed tumors with latency and spectrum similar to Trp53 heterozygous mice. Strikingly, Rad51c mutation in DH-cis mice promoted the development of tumors of specialized sebaceous glands and suppressed tumors characteristic of Trp53 mutation. In addition, DH-cis females developed tumors significantly earlier than any other group.
Fact-finding mission (2021)

Artificial intelligence provides automatic fact-checking and fake news detection, but with limits.
Antireflux surgery, highly selective vagotomy and duodenal switch procedure: post-operative evaluation in patients with complicated and non-complicated Barrett’s esophagus * (2000)

Antireflux surgery, highly selective vagotomy (HSV) and Roux-en-Y duodenojejunostomy have been suggested for control of pathophysiological factors involved in patients with Barrett's esophagus (BE). The aim of this study was to evaluate prospectively the results of this technique in patients with complicated (n = 21) and noncomplicated (n=45) BE. Complete evaluation of esophageal function, endoscopic histologic and clinical control was carried out before and 2 years after surgery. Post-operative results show recurrence of ulcer in patients with complicated BE, but no recurrence in patients with non-complicated BE. Preoperative esophageal ulcer and stricture were present in 85.3% and 14.3%, respectively, of patients with complicated BE. In this group, recurrence of these complications was 38.1% and 9.5% respectively. The technique offers excellent results in patients with non-complicated BE. However, in patients with complicated BE, the recurrence rate is higher, mainly because of the persistence of acid reflux into the esophagus.
HGF-SF: a neural inducing molecule in vertebrate embryos? (1993)

Neural induction is the process, during early embryonic development, by which cells of the mesoderm cause the overlying ectoderm cells to differentiate into neural structures, rather than epidermis. The phenomenon was discovered over 80 years ago in Hans Spemann's laboratory, and has since attracted much interest. However, we are still ignorant about the signals that elicit such a change in the direction of ectodermal differentiation, and about the mechanisms involved in the response of the ectoderm. Here, we report that HGF-SF can cause cultured chick ectodermal cells to become neural. We also discuss preliminary evidence suggesting that a homolog of this factor is expressed in Hensen's node, the inducing tissue, at about the stage at which neural induction occurs. We speculate that HGF-SF, or a related factor, could be a neural inducing signal during the early development of vertebrate embryos.
Changes in chemical component type composition and effect on rheological properties of asphalts (1990)

Numerous papers have been published on the relationships between the composition and the physical properties of asphalts. This paper reports on a study of the changes resulting from blending fractionated materials with various asphalts. Saturates and naphthene-aromatics, propane precipitated asphalts, and waxes were blended with different asphalts and the effects were studied. Cold Lake asphalt was studied because it is wax free, and Peace River asphalt was studied because it is an example of off-speculation asphalt.
Target Tracking Based Scene Analysis (1984)

Target Tracking and Scene Analysis are two research areas in Computer Vision which, in the past, have been dealt with as separate problems. Most target tracking systems have the relatively modest goal of detecting and identifying moving objects and tracking them, using prediction and correlation techniques, as long as they move unobscured across the field of view. Most of these systems have been developed with a set of stringent real time constraints which, given current hardware technology, constrains them to employ a set of computationally simple algorithms. Most scene analysis/segmentation systems analyze a given scene based on the static properties of objects such as shape/ structure and texture, where the class of objects are generally predefined. These systems tend to be slow whenever the scene is complex, containing many objects. There are advantages to combining the two problems into one. This paper is based on such and idea is concerned with the design of an Intelligent Target Tracking System (ITTS). This experimental system tracks targets based not only on models for targets (shape, motion, etc) but also on models of the environment through which the targets navigate and of the sensing system(s) employed to acquire the time-varying images on which the analysis is based. The ITTS is composed of a number of processes which can be divided into three processing stages: target recognition, segmentation of time-varying images, and scene model generation. Additional keywords: computer graphics.
穿越界限：「賽博歐格大學」初探 (2005)

本論文假設傳播科技融入大學生活後，這些生活經驗會使學校的成員同化為與科技結合的賽博歐格(cyborg)。因此，本文以Donna Haraway的〈賽博歐格宣言〉(cyborg manifesto)為基礎，去檢視校園科技為學校帶來的影響，從中去描繪人類與科技密切互動下的大學生活，並去探索虛實交置下那種不穩定的主體。 賽博歐格在Haraway的定義中是一種機器(machine)和有機體(organism)的混雜體(hybrid)，因此可將其視為人類與科技複合的一種樣貌。電話、電腦、網路等傳播科技與人類的密切互動，便為「人類」的概念提出重新界定的必要，因為我們不再是純粹生物構成的人，而是與科技合而為「一」的賽博歐格。 電腦與網路這些新科技不單只是以中央運算單元(CPU)為核心所組成的高速計算機，更造就多層語言系統所構築的符號場域。從僅供電腦辨識的低階程式語言，到人類可以解讀撰寫的高階程式語言，再從命令列到文書處理器中的普通文字，正是由這幾種語言符號的疊床架屋而構成虛擬空間。而當人們進入由電腦、數據機和光纖電纜組成的網路世界後，便化身為這些語言或符號所表徵的物體，不再有固定的位置，不再處於現實世界中某個固定的物理地點，而隨著境遇的不確定而相應地一再重建。當今的大學校園便具有許多介面，使教職員與學生們進入這種多層語言系統的符號場域，化身為某些語言符號所表徵的物體。 然而賽博空間中的主體始終是漂浮的，不像在現實生活中起碼還具備一個可停泊的身體，但即便是這個身體，在先進的外科手術下，也成為一個個能夠被分割替換的元件組合體，使得人與科技能夠以矛盾的方式相互結合。Haraway便藉著超本文式的賽博歐格書寫，超越現代性中各種身分認同彼此矛盾衝突的困境，並重建一個多重、差異、多元的後現代主體：一個主客體及主體間邊界模糊、虛擬與真實交織，並具備後現代破碎、不確定及多重自我的混合主體。透過這些諷刺、矛盾的並置，去瓦解原有的秩序，創造並建構一個全新的空間。運用到校園當中，這意味著學校中既有的關聯性將會改變，亦即師生間的關係、學生的學習過程等將會以不同的方式呈現。原有的上下階層的線性關係，會因為超本文這種電子書寫模式而以另外的秩序表現。 於是，網路書寫最大的意義，便在於讓這種後現代主體在虛擬真實的賽博空間成為現實，促使主客體界限和主體間界限的消解和交織，推動主體成為賽博歐格。雖說笛卡兒式主體在主客體二元對立的世界中佔著支配地位，但網路書寫卻消解了這種現代主體的中心位置，反倒將自我分散到世界中，進一步導致自我與電腦、自我與網路的結合，因而重構了自我本身。透過網路上的各種書寫模式(互動模式)，將其調整組合後便能夠呈現出某些層面上的自我。 因此，我在本論文中便使用介面、超本文、以及虛擬真實等三個概念，在當今大學校園的範疇中呈現這種動態的賽博歐格主體。所以我們能看到許多的介面帶領我們超越真假，運用超本文再創新的本文，並在虛擬真實中再建自我，以這些模式運作的大學基本上便是一所賽博歐格大學。
Examination of fission fragment tracks with an electron microscope (1959)

Abstract Thin sheets, removed by cleavage from the surface layers of mica exposed to fission fragments from uranium, have been examined in transmission in the electron microscope. Fission fragment tracks which are less than 300 A. in diameter and greater than four microns in length have been seen, superimposed upon a general background introduced by associated neutron bombardment. The nature of the tracks is discussed. The technique can be used to study radiation indueed atomic displacements, and the nature and behaviour of the particles themselves, with higher resolution than has previously been possible.
Cell-wall structure and composition of Penicillium janczewskii as affected by inulin (2005)

Penicillium janczewskii, a filamentous fungus isolated from the rhizosphere of Vernonia herbacea (Asteraceae), grows rapidly on media containing either sucrose or inulin as carbon sources. Maintenance of P. janczewskii on inulin medium induces secretion of proteins with high inulinase activity but results in a mycelium that easily collapses and breaks. We evaluated the influence of inulin on fungal growth and colony morphology and on cell-wall structure and composition in comparison with growth and wall characteristics on sucrose-containing medium. P. janczewskii grown on Czapek medium with agar containing 1% (w/v) sucrose or inulin showed differences in the color and morphology of the colonies, although growth rates were similar on both carbon sources. Scanning-electron microscopy revealed that the hyphae from fungus grown on inulin-containing medium are much thinner than those from fungus cultivated on sucrose. Ultrastructural analysis of 5 d old cultures using transmission-electron microscopy indicated significant differences in the cell-wall thickness between hyphae grown on inulin or sucrose media. No differences were detected in the overall carbohydrate and protein contents of cell walls isolated from cultures grown on the two carbon sources. Glycosyl composition analyses showed glucose and galactose as the predominant neutral monosaccharides in the walls but showed no differences attributable to the carbon source. Glycosyl linkage composition analyses indicated a predominance of 3-linked glucopyranosyl in the hyphal walls when P. janczewskii was grown on inulin-containing medium. Our results suggest that growth on inulin as the sole carbon source results in structural changes in the mycelia of P. janczewskii that lead to mycelial walls with altered physical and biological properties.
Fast Inter Frame Encoding Based on Modes Pre-Decision in H. 264 (2005)

The new video coding standard, H.264 allows motion estimation performing on tree-structured block partitioning and multiple reference frames. This feature improves the prediction accuracy significantly, but the cost of which is the complexity and computation load of video coding increase drastically. The reference software of H.264 adopts a full search scheme and its complexity increases linearly with specified the number of reference frames and the number of modes respectively. In this paper, we propose a fast mode decision algorithm in H.264 which eliminates searching unnecessary modes. The proposed algorithm takes full use of available information obtained from the previous searching process, e.g., macroblock's best mode in searching the previous reference frames. In the algorithm implementation, multiple half-stop conditions have been set in motion estimation so as to decrease encoder's complexity. Simulation results show that this proposed algorithm can effectively reduce complexity of inter-frame encoding, and the quality degradation is tiny compared with full search scheme. Furthermore, our algorithm is adaptive to variant test sequences, no need to set specific experimental threshold.
Exogenous Lytic Activity of SPN9CC Endolysin Against Gram-Negative Bacteria (2014)

Concerns over drug-resistant bacteria have stimulated interest in developing alternative methods to control bacterial infections. Endolysin, a phage-encoded enzyme that breaks down bacterial peptidoglycan at the terminal stage of the phage reproduction cycle, is reported to be effective for the control of bacterial pathogenic bacteria. Bioinformatic analysis of the SPN9CC bacteriophage genome revealed a gene that encodes an endolysin with a domain structure similar to those of the endolysins produced by the P1 and P22 coliphages. The SPN9CC endolysin was purified with a C-terminal oligo-histidine tag. The endolysin was relatively stable and active over a broad temperature range (from 24°C to 65°C). It showed maximal activity at 50°C, and its optimum pH range was from pH 7.5 to 8.5. The SPN9CC endolysin showed antimicrobial activity against only gram-negative bacteria and functioned by cutting the glycosidic bond of peptidoglycan. Interestingly, the SPN9CC endolysin could lyse intact gram-negative bacteria in the absence of EDTA as an outer membrane permeabilizer. The exogenous lytic activity of the SPN9CC endolysin makes it a potential therapeutic agent against gram-negative bacteria.
Novel Image Segmentation Based on Machine Learning and Its Application toPlant Analysis (2011)

A novel algorithm is proposed for background estimation using machine learning and statistical pattern recognition. Usually the segmentation of objects in images is achieved by identifying homogeneous regions in individual images or by finding motions of objects in videos. In this paper, we combine the advantages of these approaches for the estimation of background using only two images. The proposed algorithm uses the difference between images to obtain initial estimation of background and then to refine the estimation using machine learning and statistical pattern recognition. Experimental results have shown that the proposed algorithm can achieve promising performance in terms of accuracy and speed.
Radiation Processing Using Electron Linacs (1985)

The performance capabilities of a modern linac make it a commercially viable tool for enterprising applied radiation chemists and biologists. Good economics requires efficient transformation of mains power to beam power and although pulsed travelling wave linacs have been used in industrial applications for several years, their high cost per watt is a disadvantage. The cw linac with its variants is a developed technology which could be used profitably in selected applications. More integrated designs like the self-excited linac and the induction linac also offer promise for the near future. Linac design optimization in relation to the physical and chemical processes desired in the irradiated product is discussed.
[Comparison of percutaneous manual and endoscopic laser diskectomy with chemonucleolysis and automated nucleotomy]. (1996)

The combination of percutaneous manual and endoscopic Ho:YAG laser discectomy (PELD) is a new minimal intervention technique in treating patients with herniated lumbar discs that do not penetrate the posterior longitudinal ligament. The results in 100 patients treated with PELD were compared randomly with those in 100 patients treated by chemonucleolysis with chymopapain (CN) and 100 patients treated by automated percutaneous lumbar discectomy (APLD) at the same hospital. We followed the 300 patients postoperatively for 1 year, with physical examination, postoperative plain lumbosacral radiography, CT, MRI and a self-assessment questionnaire. Some 68% of the patients in the PELD group considered the outcome as excellent or good and 23% as fair; the corresponding figures were 55% and 27% in the CN group, and 48% and 32% in the APLD group. Nine percent of the patients in the PELD group underwent open microdiscectomy or were suffering from back pain with sciatica, compared with 18% in the CN group and 20% in the APLD group. PELD showed better extraction of the hernia mass than APLD and a lower rate of low back pain and less decrease in disc height than CN.
Impact of Systemic Volume Status on Cardiac Magnetic Resonance T1 Mapping (2018)

Diffuse myocardial fibrosis is a key pathophysiologic feature in heart failure and can be quantified by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) T1 mapping. However, increases in myocardial free water also prolong native T1 times and may impact fibrosis quantification. Thus far, the impact of systemic patient volume status remains unclear. In this study, native T1 time by CMR was investigated in hemodialysis (HD) patients (n = 37) and compared with healthy controls (n = 35). Volume status was quantified by bioimpedance spectroscopy and correlated with CMR T1 time. While no differences between HD patients and controls were present with regard to age (p = 0.180), height (p = 0.535), weight (p = 0.559) and left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (p = 0.273), cardiac size was significantly larger in HD patients (LV end-diastolic volume 164 ± 53 vs. 132 ± 26 ml, p = 0.002). Fluid overloaded HD patients had significantly longer native T1 times than normovolemic HD patients and healthy controls (1,042 ± 46 vs. 1,005 ± 49 vs. 998 ± 47 ms, p = 0.030). By regression analysis, T1 time was significantly associated with fluid status (r = 0.530, p = 0.009, post-HD fluid status). Our data strongly indicate that native CMR T1 time is significantly influenced by systemic volume status. As fluid overload is common in patients with cardiovascular diseases, this finding is important and requires further study.
Current Status of Magnetoelectric Composite Thin/Thick Films (2012)

Here we review the current status of magnetoelectric (ME) multiferroics and ME composite thin/thick films. The magnitude of ME coupling in the composite systems is dependent upon the elastic coupling occurring at the interface of piezoelectric and magnetostrictive phases. The multiferroic ME films in comparison with bulk ME composites have some unique advantages and show higher magnitude of ME response. In ME composite films, thickness of the films is one of the important factors to have enough signal. However, most of all reported ME nanocomposite structured films in literature are limited in overall thickness which might be related to interface strain resulting from difference in thermal expansion mismatch between individual phases and the substrate. We introduced noble ME composite film fabrication technique, aerosol deposition (AD) to overcome these problems. The success in AD fabrication and characterization of ME composite films with various microstructure such as 3-2, 2-2 connectivity are discussed.
RASAL3 Is a Putative RasGAP Modulating Inflammatory Response by Neutrophils (2021)

As first responder cells in host defense, neutrophils must be carefully regulated to prevent collateral tissue injury. However, the intracellular events that titrate the neutrophil's response to inflammatory stimuli remain poorly understood. As a molecular switch, Ras activity is tightly regulated by Ras GTPase activating proteins (RasGAP) to maintain cellular active-inactive states. Here, we show that RASAL3, a RasGAP, is highly expressed in neutrophils and that its expression is upregulated by exogenous stimuli in neutrophils. RASAL3 deficiency triggers augmented neutrophil responses and enhanced immune activation in acute inflammatory conditions. Consequently, mice lacking RASAL3 (RASAL3-KO) demonstrate accelerated mortality in a septic shock model <i>via</i> induction of severe organ damage and hyperinflammatory response. The excessive neutrophilic hyperinflammation and increased mortality were recapitulated in a mouse model of sickle cell disease, which we found to have low neutrophil RASAL3 expression upon LPS activation. Thus, RASAL3 functions as a RasGAP that negatively regulates the cellular activity of neutrophils to modulate the inflammatory response. These results demonstrate that RASAL3 could serve as a therapeutic target to regulate excessive inflammation in sepsis and many inflammatory disease states.
Analog Baseband-IC for Dual Mode Direct Conversion Receiver (1996)

This paper presents a circuit design and implementation for the analogous filter and amplifier sections of a direct conversion receiver. Dual-mode operation is achieved by switching the LP-filters&apos; cut-off frequency to meet DECT and DCS 1800 specifications alternatively. An op-amp-based integrator loop filter structure is used to perform low-noise, low-voltage and low-power operation. The circuit is fabricated using a 1.5 BiCMOS process. Including a DECT demodulator and a RSSI circuit the whole two-channel circuit drains 4 mA from a 3 V power supply. 1 Introduction The increasing number of available mobile communication networks offers the necessity to provide equipment for several standards. It&apos;s desirable from the user&apos;s point of view to communicate in different networks like GSM, DCS 1800 and DECT with only one single handset. Primarily it is intended to combine the access to a mobile communication network offering complete attainment with the access to a local cordless envi...