gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PHYLOGENIES CONSTRAINED BY THE CROSSOVER PROCESS AS ILLUSTRATED BY HUMAN HEMOGLOBINS AND A THIRTEEN-CYCLE, ELEVEN-AMINO-ACID REPEAT IN HUMAN APOLIPOPROTEIN A-I (1977)

Examination of human apolipoprotein A-I revealed a segment of eleven amino acids that repeated itself 13 times in succession without any additional intervening amino acids between the beginning of the repeats (amino acid 93) and their end at the carboxyl terminus of the sequence. The segments are not identical, but the pattern of their physical and chemical properties is highly conserved. The pattern is shown to be suitable to the formation of alpha helices with an amphipathic character consistent with the formation of a micellar structure, a process entirely appropriate to the protein's known function in the blood stream as a lipid carrier. The simplest hypothesis to account for repeated segments is a series of unequal crossovers. But such a series implies that some segments are more closely related to each other than they are to others, that is, they have a "phylogenetic" relationship. It is shown that only a small fraction of all possible phylogenies are consistent with a set of segments arising by simple unequal crossing over. Nevertheless, it is shown that the apolipoprotein A-I segments are readily interpretable as the result of simple unequal crossing over. Moreover, the crossover constraint applies with as much force to segments larger than a gene as to segments within a gene, and this is shown to require that the human gamma (Gly) hemoglobin gene lie to the left, rather than to the right, of the other non-alpha human hemoglobin genes, a conclusion for which there is no direct genetic evidence currently available.
Deep Graph Convolutional Encoders for Structured Data to Text Generation (2018)

Most previous work on neural text generation from graph-structured data relies on standard sequence-to-sequence methods. These approaches linearise the input graph to be fed to a recurrent neural network. In this paper, we propose an alternative encoder based on graph convolutional networks that directly exploits the input structure. We report results on two graphto-sequence datasets that empirically show the benefits of explicitly encoding the input graph structure. 1
Stimulation of Peripheral Kappa Opioid Receptors Inhibits Inflammatory Hyperalgesia via Activation of the PI3Kγ/AKT/nNOS/NO Signaling Pathway (2012)

The present study indicates that activation of peripheral KORs directly blocks inflammatory hyperalgesia through stimulation of the nNOS/NO signaling pathway which is probably stimulated by PI3Kγ/AKT signaling. This study extends a previously study of our group suggesting that PI3Kγ/AKT/nNOS/NO is an important analgesic pathway in primary nociceptive neurons.
Intracutaneous and Skin Prick Testing with Serotonin and Histamine (1986)

Skin prick and intracutaneous tests were performed with serotonin, histamine and a mixture of both in 32 normal persons, two rhinitis patients and 12 asthmatics. Skin prick tests with serotonin produced a triple response, but the weal reactions were small. Serotonin had no potentiating effect on the histamine reaction. Intracutaneously, serotonin tests also induced a triple response, but with smaller weal reactions than with histamine, and the weal surfaces were wrinkled. Constriction of the large subcutaneous veins was observed locally after serotonin injection. No quantitative or qualitative difference in reaction to serotonin was observed between normal subjects and allergics. The role of serotonin in the immediate allergic reaction in the skin was minimal.
Bacteria in the Leaf Ecosystem with Emphasis on<i>Pseudomonas syringae</i>—a Pathogen, Ice Nucleus, and Epiphyte (2000)

The extremely large number of leaves produced by terrestrial and aquatic plants provide habitats for colonization by a diversity of microorganisms. This review focuses on the bacterial component of leaf microbial communities, with emphasis on Pseudomonas syringae-a species that participates in leaf ecosystems as a pathogen, ice nucleus, and epiphyte. Among the diversity of bacteria that colonize leaves, none has received wider attention than P. syringae, as it gained notoriety for being the first recombinant organism (Ice(-) P. syringae) to be deliberately introduced into the environment. We focus on P. syringae to illustrate the attractiveness and somewhat unique opportunities provided by leaf ecosystems for addressing fundamental questions of microbial population dynamics and mechanisms of plant-bacterium interactions. Leaf ecosystems are dynamic and ephemeral. The physical environment surrounding phyllosphere microbes changes continuously with daily cycles in temperature, radiation, relative humidity, wind velocity, and leaf wetness. Slightly longer-term changes occur as weather systems pass. Seasonal climatic changes impose still a longer cycle. The physical and physiological characteristics of leaves change as they expand, mature, and senesce and as host phenology changes. Many of these factors influence the development of populations of P. syringae upon populations of leaves. P. syringae was first studied for its ability to cause disease on plants. However, disease causation is but one aspect of its life strategy. The bacterium can be found in association with healthy leaves, growing and surviving for many generations on the surfaces of leaves as an epiphyte. A number of genes and traits have been identified that contribute to the fitness of P. syringae in the phyllosphere. While still in their infancy, such research efforts demonstrate that the P. syringae-leaf ecosystem is a particularly attractive system with which to bridge the gap between what is known about the molecular biology of genes linked to pathogenicity and the ecology and epidemiology of associated diseases as they occur in natural settings, the field.
Synthesis of polyimides containing pyridine or triazole moiety to improve their adhesion to sputter-deposited copper (2005)

Abstract Polyimides containing pyridine as well as triazole were synthesized. The incorporation of pyridine or triazole improves the adhesion between polyimides and sputter-deposited copper. 4,4′-oxydianiline (ODA) was separately mixed with 2,6-diaminopyridine (DAP) and 3,5-diaminol,2,4-triazole (DATA), to form co-diamines. A series of polyimides was obtained in two steps by reacting co-diamines and 3,3′,4,4′-pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA). The structure of the polyimides was verified by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). Their thermal, mechanical and dielectric properties were investigated. The rigidity of both pyridine and triazole moieties influences the coefficient of thermal expansion, the tensile strength and the elastic modulus of the films. The adhesion strength of the sputter-deposited copper to polyimide films was proportional to the functional group content. At a molar ratio of DAP to ODA of 1 : 6, the 90°-peel strength of copper/polyimide laminates reached a maximum of 990 J/m2. At a molar ratio of DATA to ODA of 1 : 6, the 90°-peel strength of copper/polyimide laminates reached a maximum of 696 J/m2. The corresponding polyimide films exhibited a good balance in thermal, mechanical and dielectric properties, as did the PMDA-ODA film. The locus of failure (LOF) examination by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicated that the LOF of laminates with low to moderate adhesion was mostly at the interface near the polyimide; the LOF of laminates with high adhesion was mostly in the polyimide. The N1s core level spectra of the delaminated copper surface revealed a peak at 398.4 eV in copper/polyimide with DAP/ODA ratio of 1 : 6 and a peak at 398 eV in copper/polyimide with DATA/ODA ratio of 1 : 6, perhaps due to the formation of N-Cu charge-transfer complex. This complex substantially promoted the adhesion between sputter-deposited copper and polyimides. Keywords: POLYIMIDECOPPER-CLAD LAMINATEADHESIONPYRIDINETRIAZOLE
Human-Object Interaction Detection:A Quick Survey and Examination of Methods (2020)

Human-object interaction detection is a relatively new task in the world of computer vision and visual semantic information extraction. With the goal of machines identifying interactions that humans perform on objects, there are many real-world use cases for the research in this field. To our knowledge, this is the first general survey of the state-of-the-art and milestone works in this field. We provide a basic survey of the developments in the field of human-object interaction detection. Many works in this field use multi-stream convolutional neural network architectures, which combine features from multiple sources in the input image. Most commonly these are the humans and objects in question, as well as the spatial quality of the two. As far as we are aware, there have not been in-depth studies performed that look into the performance of each component individually. In order to provide insight to future researchers, we perform an individualized study that examines the performance of each component of a multi-stream convolutional neural network architecture for human-object interaction detection. Specifically, we examine the HORCNN architecture as it is a foundational work in the field. In addition, we provide an in-depth look at the HICO-DET dataset, a popular benchmark in the field of human-object interaction detection. Code and papers can be found at https://github.com/SHI-Labs/Human-Object-Interaction-Detection.
Engineering RGD-modified liposomes for targeted drug delivery to activated platelets. (2006)

joy to the lab, and helped me in different ways
Milestones in avian coccidiosis research: A review (2014)

This article describes some of the milestones in research concerned with protozoan parasites of the genus Eimeria that infect birds and cause the disease coccidiosis. The time period covered is from 1891, when oocysts were first found in the ceca of diseased chickens, to the present. Progress in our understanding has lagged behind that of other protozoan parasites such as Toxoplasma and Plasmodium despite the enormous importance of Eimeria to animal livestock production. Nevertheless, applied research by universities, government agencies, and private industry has resulted in the successful development of methods of control, research that continues today. The topics covered and the references provided are selective and include life cycles and biology, pathology, ultrastructure, biochemistry, immunity, genetics, host cell invasion, species identification, taxonomy, chemotherapy, vaccination, and literature concerned with avian coccidiosis. This review is primarily concerned with the avian species of Eimeria that infect poultry, but some important advances, principally in immunology, have been made using species that infect rodents and rabbits. These are included where appropriate.
Isoform-specific Heparan Sulfate Binding within the Amino-terminal Noncollagenous Domain of Collagen α1(XI) (2006)

Collagen type XI is a constituent of the pericellular matrix of chondrocytes and plays a role in the regulation of fibrillogenesis. The amino-terminal domain of collagen type XI alpha1 chain is a noncollagenous structure that has been identified on the surface of cartilage collagen fibrils. The biochemical composition of the amino-terminal domain varies due to alternative splicing of the primary transcript. Recombinantly expressed alpha1(XI) aminoterminal domain isoforms were used in this study to investigate potential interactions. Purified products were analyzed for heparan sulfate binding properties. The results demonstrated that two additional binding sites exist within the alpha1(XI) aminoterminal domain, one within the amino propeptide and one within the variable region of the amino-terminal domain. Analysis of relative affinities indicated that the site located within the amino propeptide (site 1) was of similar affinity to sites that exist within the major triple helix of collagen type XI. Substitution of amino acid residues 147 to 152 within the amino propeptide by site-directed mutagenesis resulted in altered affinity for heparan sulfate. The binding site located within the variable region (site 2) demonstrated significantly higher affinity than other sites within the molecule. Displacement of collagen type XI within the pericellular matrix was observed in cell culture in the presence of excess heparan sulfate and by treatment with heparinase. These studies suggest two additional binding sites located within the noncollagenous amino-terminal domain that may play a role in the function of collagen type XI. The localization of collagen type XI within the pericellular matrix may be dependent upon interactions with heparan sulfate proteoglycans, and these are likely to take place in an isoform-specific manner.
Major depression can be prevented. (2012)

The 2009 Institute of Medicine report on prevention of mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders (National Research Council & Institute of Medicine, 2009b) presented evidence that major depression can be prevented. In this article, we highlight the implications of the report for public policy and research. Randomized controlled trials have shown that the incidence of major depressive episodes can be significantly reduced. Meta-analyses suggest that 22% to 38% of major depressive episodes could be prevented with currently available methods. We argue that if major depressive episodes can be prevented, the health care system should provide routine access to evidence-based depression prevention interventions, just as it provides inoculations for other common and debilitating health problems. At the same time, researchers should pursue the major directions advocated by the Institute of Medicine report to increase the enduring effectiveness of future prevention interventions. These directions include taking a developmental perspective, learning to identify groups at high risk, and testing evidence-based interventions that are likely to have the widest reach. Scientific evidence has shown that clinical depression can be averted. Our societies must take action to reduce clinical depression to the lowest possible level. This article is one of three in a special section (see also Biglan, Flay, Embry, & Sandler, 2012; Yoshikawa, Aber, & Beardslee, 2012) representing an elaboration on a theme for prevention science developed by the 2009 report of the National Research Council and Institute of Medicine.
Effect of deep breath on the correlation between the wrist and finger photoplethysmograms (2012)

In this paper, a special probe is designed using an array of photodiodes and a 960 nm LED for recording the wrist photoplethysmogram (PPG). The design is based on Monte-Carlo simulation of light propagation in tissues. Two series of experiments were carried-out: normal breathing and deep breathing. In both experiments, finger and wrist PPG were simultaneously recorded from the index finger. In the first series of experiment, signals from 9 subjects were recorded and the correlation coefficient for the raw signals (AC+DC), the AC and DC components of wrist and finger PPG were (62.5% ± 12.1%), (91.2% ± 6.9%) and (61% ± 13.4%) respectively. In the second series of experiment (deep breathing), signals from 6 subjects were recorded and the correlation coefficient for the raw signals (AC+DC), the AC and DC components were (89.7% ± 5.9%), (93.7% ± 3.3%) and (89.9% ± 5.9%) respectively. These results show that under normal breathing conditions, only the AC components of the PPG signals are highly correlated. When respiration becomes the dominant effect, both AC and DC parts become highly correlated.
Analysis of the Multichannel Coherent FSK Subcarrier Multiplexing System with Pilot Carrier and Phase Noise Cancelling Scheme (1991)

Article Analysis of the Multichannel Coherent FSK Subcarrier Multiplexing System with Pilot Carrier and Phase Noise Cancelling Scheme was published on March 1, 1991 in the journal Journal of Optical Communications (volume 12, issue 1).
Immobilization of aminophenylboronic acid on magnetic beads for the direct determination of glycoproteins by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (2005)

Aminophenylboronic acid (APBA) has been immobilized on magnetic beads for the direct determination of glycoprotein by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionizaton time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). An APBA layer was formed on the surface of carboxylic acid terminated magnetic beads by coupling with carbodiimide and subsequently reacted with an N-hydroxysuccinimide moiety. The immobilized APBA was identified by MALDI-TOF-MS without a matrix. Glycoproteins, such as HbA1c, fibrinogen, or RNase B were separated and desalted using APBA magnetic beads by simply washing the magnetic beads and then separating them by external magnet. Proteins can be identified by direct determination of proteins on beads on MALDI plate and confirmed again by peptide mass finger printing after digestion of proteins on magnetic beads by trypsin. Fluorescence image with a FITC tagging protein using confocal laser microscopy showed the difference of immobilization efficiency between glycoproteins and nonglycoproteins. The methods developed within this work allow the simple treatment and enrichment of glycoproteins as well as direct determination of proteins on beads by MALDI-TOF-MS.
A modular architecture for inverse robot kinematics (1989)

A modular architecture for general-purpose inverse robot kinematics is developed. The authors synthesize kinematic modules for the robot arm and wrist and develop computational blocks to describe their respective functions. They then present an analytical framework that defines the inverse kinematic problem in terms of the proper coordination of the kinematic modules to accomplish the desired robot task. In this general-purpose framework, the inverse kinematics problem is always solvable in the feasible regions of the robot workspace, irrespective of whether the solution is analytically tractable. The modular architecture is based upon a nonlinear equation solver for which the Banach fixed-point theorem provides the theoretical basis. The proposed framework allows for the mathematical definition of the region in the robot workspace where convergence to the correct solution is guaranteed. It is insensitive to the initial estimates and provides for the computation of multiple solutions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Activity, Activity, Activity: Rethinking Our Physical Therapy Approach to Cerebral Palsy (2006)

This perspective outlines the theoretical basis for the presentation with the same name as the second part of this title, which was given at the III STEP conference in July 2005. It elaborates on the take-home message from that talk, which was to promote activity in children and adults with cerebral palsy and other central nervous system disorders. The author proposes that the paradigm for physical therapist management of cerebral palsy needs to shift from traditional or "packaged" approaches to a more focused and proactive approach of promoting activity through more intense active training protocols, lifestyle modifications, and mobility-enhancing devices. Increased motor activity has been shown to lead to better physical and mental health and to augment other aspects of functioning such as cognitive performance, and more recently has been shown to promote neural and functional recovery in people with damaged nervous systems. Although the benefits of fairly intense physical exercise programs such as strength training are becoming increasingly well recognized, few studies on the positive effects of generalized activity programs have been conducted in individuals with cerebral palsy. More research is needed and is currently under way to design and test the efficacy of activity-based strategies in cerebral palsy.
Alternativas de solución sostenibles para especies forestales en vía de extinción de la región del Chocó utilizadas en la construcción (2016)

Chocó está localizado en el noroeste de Colombia, tiene una gran extensión de selva humedad tropical, es la región más lluviosa del planeta, es el único departamento con costas en los océanos Pacífico y Atlántico, limita con Panamá, entre otras características. Por estas condiciones, tiene una gran biodiversidad, pero en los últimos años las acciones desafortunadas realizadas por el ser humano han afectado progresivamente los recursos naturales renovables y especialmente las especies forestales. La deforestación, la actividad minera legal e ilegal, la falta de controles efectivos por las entidades ambientales, entre otras, han afectado las poblaciones naturales de especies forestales útiles para la construcción de viviendas casi hasta su extinción, como Truntago (Vitex columbiensis), Chanó (Humiriastrum procera), entre otras, las cuales tienen características adecuadas para la construcción de viviendas. En nuestro país se han realizado varios estudios por parte de organismos (entidades) ambientales, institutos de investigaciones y por el mismo Estado, quienes han identificado la problemática que genera la extracción excesiva de estas especies, y que ha dado como resultado la escasez de algunas especies, hecho que ha sido evidente en años recientes. Para lograr un efectivo desarrollo de la investigación se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de documentos y libros relacionados con el objeto de la investigación. Se visitaron aserríos, ebanisterías, se entrevistaron conocedores de estas especies forestales y se analizaron construcciones en madera existentes. Como resultado de la investigación se identificaron alternativas de solución a la problemática, con la finalidad de revestir o controlar la situación como madera sustituta, como el ecoturismo, entre otras.
Short-Term Organ Preservation Comparing Two Solutions and Reimplantation with Nakayama Staples (1972)

From the Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52240 Resident, Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals, Iowa City, Iowa 52240. Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals, Iowa City, Iowa 52240.
Canine Hemangiosarcoma Treated with Standard Chemotherapy and Minocycline (2000)

Standard treatments for canine hemangiosarcoma include surgery and chemotherapy with doxorubicin, but in spite of treatment most dogs with this disease die within 6 months of diagnosis. Tumor growth and metastasis are angiogenesis dependent. Antiangiogenic drugs such as minocycline may provide therapeutic benefits in cancer patients. The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the efficacy of chemotherapy with doxorubicin and minocycline, an antiangiogenic agent, in dogs with hemangiosarcoma. Eighteen dogs with histologically confirmed hemangiosarcoma of any stage were treated with doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and minocycline. Complete staging was performed before and during the treatment period to assess remission status and response to therapy. No statistically significant difference was found in survival between the dogs treated with chemotherapy and minocycline, and historical controls consisting of dogs that received chemotherapy alone. Postmortem examination revealed widespread metastasis, suggesting that minocycline is ineffective as a single antiangiogenic agent in canine hemangiosarcoma.