gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ocular Toxicity of Targeted Therapies (2012)

Molecularly targeted agents are commonly used in oncology practice, and many new targeted agents are currently being tested in clinical trials. Although these agents are thought to be more specific and less toxic then traditional cytotoxic chemotherapy, they are associated with a variety of toxicities, including ocular toxicity. Many of the molecules targeted by anticancer agents are also expressed in ocular tissues. We reviewed the literature for described ocular toxicities associated with both approved and investigational molecularly targeted agents. Ocular toxicity has been described with numerous approved targeted agents and also seems to be associated with several classes of agents currently being tested in early-phase clinical trials. We discuss the proposed pathogenesis, monitoring guidelines, and management recommendations. It is important for oncologists to be aware of the potential for ocular toxicity, with prompt recognition of symptoms that require referral to an ophthalmologist. Ongoing collaboration between oncologists and ocular disease specialists is critical as the use of molecularly targeted agents continues to expand and novel targeted drug combinations are developed.
A BiCMOS signal processor for B/W CCD camera (2002)

A key component of black/white CCD camera system is presented. It is the first BiCMOS signal processor IC used in such a system. It contains five blocks: CDS (correlated-double sampling), AGC (automatic gain control), gamma -C (gamma correction), CE (composite encoder), and IRIS amplifier. The chip was designed by using the 2.0 mu m BiCMOS library which includes both analog and digital cells. The supply voltage for this processor is 9v and the power consumption is less than 270mW. Both circuit description and measured results are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
AL-amyloidosis is underdiagnosed in renal biopsies (2004)

The data demonstrated the low sensitivity of immunofluorescence microscopy in the detection of AL-amyloidosis in the kidney and underscore the need to pursue additional diagnostic studies to identify this problem.
Comparative electrophoresis of the 18-22S RNAs of Newcastle disease virus (1976)

Between 80 and 90% of the 18-22S Newcastle disease virus intracellular RNA molecules contain poly(A) sequences. Electrophoresis of the 18S RNA in formamide-polyacrylamide gels resolves five species resolved by electrophoresis in aqueous gels. Thus, these five RNA species are probably unique size classes of RNA and not different conformations of the same RNAs. They are of sufficient size to code for the five smaller Newcastle disease virus proteins, and their combined molecular weights represent 60% of the viral genome-a value identical to that obtained by annealing 18-22S RNA with genome RNA. Formamide or heat treatment of the 22S RNA converts most of it into species with migration rates similar to those of the 18S species. Thus, the 22S RNA may not contain unique RNA species.
Structure of rhodium in an ultradispersed rhodium/alumina catalyst as studied by EXAFS and other techniques (1985)

The structure of rhodium in an ultradispersed 0.57 wt % Rh/y-Al,O, catalyst before and after CO adsorption was studied with extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), electron spin resonance (ESR), temperature programmed reduction (TPR), CO infrared spectroscopy, and H2 and CO chemisorption.With the aid of these complementary techniques, it could be established that the structure of the rhodium catalyst was completely different before and after CO adsorption.Before CO adsorption and after reduction of the catalyst at 593 K, all the rhodium was reduced and in the form of three-dimensional metallic crystallites.CO adsorption disrupted the metal-metal bonds in the crystallites, leading to isolated rhodium geminal dicarbonyl species in which the rhodium was present as Rh'.Each rhodium ion was surrounded by two carbon monoxide molecules and three oxygen anions of the support.
Effects of a human body on a dipole antenna at 450 and 900 MHz (1977)

The VSWR and pattern characteristics of a dipole held close to or touching a human body have been experimentally determined and the results are reported. Two choke-sleeve dipoles, tuned for the two test frequencies of 450 and 900 MHz, were used for this study. The measurements were made with the antenna held at a person's waist, chest, and shoulder levels and also held above the head. The radiation characteristics of the combined body and antenna were compared with the dipole characteristics in free space. Propagation shadowing by the body and the effects of the body on the VSWR characteristics are illustrated.
Generalizations of Mean Square Error Applied to Ridge Regression (1974)

Summary Hoerl and Kennard (1970) have proposed a method of estimation for multiple regression problems which involves adding small positive quantities to the diagonal of XT X. They use a type of mean square error to justify the procedure. This paper considers some generalizations of mean square error and provides a stronger defence of the method.
Computer-aided proximal caries diagnosis: correlation with clinical examination and histology (2002)

Purpose: To evaluate the performance of the LOGICON Caries Detector using RVG-4 and RVG-ui sensors, by comparing results of each detector to the results of clinical and histological examinations. Materials and Methods : Pairs of extracted teeth were radiographed, and a total of 57 proximal surfaces, which included both carious and non-carious situations, were analyzed. The RVG-4 produced 8-bit images, while the RVG-ui unit produced 12-bit images, which were taken in the high sensitivity mode. The images produced by the LOGICON were evaluated by a trained observer using both automated and manual caries detection software modes. Ground sections of the teeth established the actual absence or existence of caries. Results: LOGIC ON-aided caries detection and depth discrimination of the RVG-4 and RVG-ui sensors were equally inconsistent irrespective of whether the LOGIC ON software was set to the automated or manual mode. Sensitivity ranged from 50% to 57% for caries penetration of the enamel-dentin junction. Conclusion: Care needs to be taken when using LOGIC ON in conjunction with RVG images as an adjunct for treatment planning dental caries. Even when applied by a trained observer, substantial discrepancies exist between the results of the LOGIC ON software-guided evalutations using RVG images and histologic examination.
3′ to 5′ Exonuclease Activity of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 DNA Polymerase Modulates Its Strand Displacement Activity (2003)

Using a minicircle DNA primer-template, the wild-type catalytic subunit of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) DNA polymerase (pol) was shown to lack significant strand displacement activity with or without its processivity factor, UL42. However, an exonuclease-deficient (exo(-)) pol (D368A) was capable of slow strand displacement. Although UL42 increased the rate (2/s) and processivity of strand displacement by exo(-) pol, the rate was slower than that for gap-filling synthesis. High inherent excision rates on matched primer-templates and rapid idling-turnover (successive rounds of excision and polymerization) of exo-proficient polymerases correlated with poor strand displacement activity. The results suggest that the exo activity of HSV-1 pol modulates its ability to engage in strand displacement, a function that may be important to the viability and genome stability of the virus.
DRUG DEVELOPMENT (2002)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTDRUG DEVELOPMENTProcess chemistry results in pharmaceutical manufacturing routes that are safe, efficient, and scalableCELIA M. HENRYView Author Information C&EN WASHINGTONCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2002, 80, 21, 53–66Publication Date (Print):May 27, 2002Publication History Published online13 November 2010Published inissue 27 May 2002https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v080n021.p053https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v080n021.p053newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 2002 American Chemical SocietyArticle Views38Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Process chemistry Get e-Alerts
Taurine: its biological role and clinical implications. (1985)

More than simply cataloging the numerous experimental models in which taurine plays a modulating role, this discussion aims at stimulating further investigation of the potential clinical value of this abundant sulfur amino acid. Both the biomedical investigator and clinician must be struck by the enormous amount of taurine floating freely in the intracellular water of the cells. In cardiac tissue alone, taurine levels of 20 mM or higher may be found. Given this abundance of taurine, why is our understanding of its function so elusive? Although it is clear taurine is important in conjugating bile acids to form water-soluble bile salts, only a fraction of available taurine is used for this function, predominantly in young animals and children. While taurine conjugation is the preferred route of bile acid conjugation in the young, changes in adults given 250 mg of taurine daily for two to three weeks are insignificant. Total pool size of bile acid and chenodeoxycholic acid declines. Unchanged are the rate of bile acid synthesis or the secretion rates of biliary cholesterol, bile acid and phospholipids. Biliary cholesterol saturation also stays the same. The finding that taurine availability protects against cholestasis induced by monohydroxy bile acids remains confined to guinea pigs. The abundance of taurine suggests it may be an osmoregulator of cell volume, and there is convincing evidence that it serves this function in fish. Taurine may play this role in the brain under high osmotic states such as hypernatremia, dehydration and uremia. Evidence is strong that taurine is vital in maintaining retinal function, which may explain why taurine is so abundant in human breast milk. Prolonged TPN feeding of infants demonstrates the importance of taurine in retinal development. We have begun to appreciate the role of the kidney in conserving taurine and how this is perturbed in the neonatal period. Taurine has recently been added to infant formulas (about 50 mg/L). Cataloging what we know of taurine function, however, produces a list of "maybes." Now is the time for exhaustive, careful taurine research that will produce more definite answers.
Performance analysis of priority schemes for IEEE 802.11 and IEEE 802.11e wireless LANs (2005)

The IEEE 802.11 distributed coordination function (DCF) enables fast installation with minimal management and maintenance costs, and is a very robust protocol for the best effort service in wireless medium. However, the current DCF is unsuitable for real-time applications. This paper studies backoff-based priority schemes for IEEE 802.11 and the emerging IEEE 802.11e standard by differentiating the minimum backoff window size, the backoff window-increasing factor, and the retransmission limit. An analytical model is proposed to derive saturation throughputs, saturation delays, and frame-dropping probabilities of different priority classes for all proposed priority schemes. Simulations are conducted to validate analytical results. The proposed priority schemes can be easily implemented, and the results from this paper are beneficial in designing good priority parameters.
Information Quality Assessment for Asset Management Systems (2013)

Information quality is critical for any business. It is particularly important for mission critical information systems that manage the lifecycle of an engineering asset. Quality of information or lack thereof in these systems can be traced to technical, organisation, as well as human sources. It is, therefore, extremely important to ascertain the causes that contribute to lack of information quality in asset lifecycle management systems. Depending upon the business area, organisations take proactive or reactive approach to establishing, maintaining, and enhancing their information quality. Among proactive approaches, the ability of the organisation to measure information quality dimensions forms the foundation of a solid information quality management initiative. Such a measurement, however, is an intricate task because these dimensions are subjective, can be context dependent as well as independent, and are interdependent, since each dimension impacts other dimensions. This research employs productive perspective to information and applies Six-Sigma methodology to assess its quality in information systems utilised to manage engineering asset lifecycle. It utilises analytical hierarchy process and quality function deployment to convert subjective information quality dimension into objective metrics, assesses the relationship between various information quality dimensions, and ascertains critical to quality factors. The results thus obtained form the basis for monitoring of information quality aimed at its continuous improvement. This study contributes to literature and practice by providing a method for assessing correlation of information quality dimensions, applying six sigma to information, and controlling quality of information.
Unit Commitment—A Bibliographical Survey (2004)

With the fast-paced changing technologies in the power industry, new power references addressing new technologies are coming to the market. So there is an urgent need to keep track of international experiences and activities taking place in the field of modern unit-commitment (UC) problem. This paper gives a bibliographical survey, mathematical formulations, and general backgrounds of research and developments in the field of UC problem for past 35 years based on more than 150 published articles. The collected literature has been divided into many sections, so that new researchers do not face any difficulty in carrying out research in the area of next-generation UC problem under both the regulated and deregulated power industry.
Noise considerations in the transmitting array for the solar power satellite (2002)

The solar power satellite is a concept for collecting solar energy in orbit and transmitting it by microwaves to a collector on the ground. The transmitting array on the satellite must be focused by adjusting the phases of the many sub-arrays. In one method, each sub-array is phase modulated and the resulting amplitude modulation at the ground is used to correct its phase. This paper studies the signal-to-noise ratio in this process and shows how to achieve adequate accuracy.
A New General Purpose Relay for Telephone Switching Systems (1952)

This paper describes a new general purpose electromagnetic relay for use in telephone switching systems. It is a wire spring relay known as the AF type relay and, with variations which provide slow release or marginal characteristics, it is known as the AG and AJ relay, respectively. Fig. 1 shows a typical AF type relay, Fig. 2 shows all of the parts of the relay and Fig. 3 is a drawing showing the relay assembly.
Effect of Microstructure on Strength of Si <sub>3</sub> N <sub>4</sub> ‐SiC Composite System (1973)

The Si 3 N 4 ‐SiC composite system was investigated to better understand the effect of microstructure on the strength‐controlling factors, i.e. fracture energy, elastic modulus, and crack size. Silicon carbide dispersions with average particle sizes of 5, 9, and 32 μm were used to form 3 composite series within this system, each containing 0.10, 0.20, 0.30, and 0.40 vol fraction of the dispersed phase. These composites were fabricated by hot‐pressing. Fracture energy and strength values were measured for each composite. A linear relation between the elastic modulus of the two phases was assumed. The crack size was calculated for each composite using the appropriate property values. The strength behavior of the 9‐ and 32‐μm series was controlled by the crack size, which, in turn, was controlled by the particle size and volume fraction of the SiC phase. Particle size and volume fraction did not affect the crack size of the 5‐μm series, in which strength was controlled by both fracture energy and elastic modulus. Strengths measured at 1400°C and thermal conductivity measurements indicate that several of these composites are promising as high‐temperature structural materials.
X-ray monochromator designs based on extreme off-plane grating mountings (1981)

Several monochromator designs are presented in which the beam is incident on the grating nearly parallel to the grooves. The efficiency of such mountings, when obeying the blaze condition, is much higher than that of classical arrangements. Because only the Snell's components of the angular coordinates are varied, this high efficiency is found over the complete wavelength range. With the designs described the wavelength region from 0.6 to 100 nm can be covered without interchanging gratings. For each wavelength the spectral resolution can be increased to ~10(4). Entrance and exit slit positions and the corresponding beam orientations are fixed.
Dysmenorrhea (1990)

A review of the clinical features, diagnosis and management of primary and secondary dysmenorrhea updates some old views. Dysmenorrhea is painful menstruation, either cramps with no visible cause, primary dysmenorrhea, or secondary to specific pelvic pathology. Primary dysmenorrhea occurs in as many as 50% of young women, only in ovulatory cycles, and usually limited to the first 48 or 72 hours of menstruation. Secondary dysmenorrhea can be caused by any of a dozen or so disorders such as endometriosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, IUDs, irregular cycles or infertility problems, ovarian cysts, adenomyosis, uterine myomas or polyps, intrauterine adhesions or cervical stenosis. Psychological factors are now known not to cause dysmenorrhea, only to add to the reactive component of the pain. The pain is due to uterine cramps, hypoxia or ischemia, due to overproduction of prostaglandins, leukotrienes or vasopressin. Thus, primary dysmenorrhea can be treated with oral contraceptives if the women wishes to take pills for contraception and they are not contraindicated, or with non-steroidal antiinflammatory agents for the full 72 hours after pain begins. Calcium channel-blockers are also used on a research basis; transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation is sometimes effective. If these treatments are not effective, investigation for causes of secondary dysmenorrhea is indicated, preferably for laparoscopy.
Java Data Access: JDBC, JNDI, and JAXP (2002)

From the Publisher:
Your Java Data Access Road Map
Java now has updated APIs to support your enterprise-level data access needs. The updated JDBC 3.0 API contains powerful new enhancements to help you access database information in ways not possible in previous releases. Two additional APIs, the Java Naming and Directory Interface (JNDI) version 1.2 and the Java API for XML Processing (JAXP) version 1.1, provide you with the tools necessary for accessing naming and directory services and XML data stores.
This hands-on guide provides a complete overview of the Java data access APIs youll use most. Inside you will find practical examples that show you how to apply the technologies using J2SE and J2EE. From the architecture of JDBC to advanced topics such as data access design patterns, connection pooling, and tapping data stores using Enterprise JavaBeans, JavaServer Pages™, and servlets, you will learn how to make full use of the latest Java data access APIs.
Put JDBC, JNDI, and JAXP to Work

Create database access applications using the updated JDBC 3.0 API
Use LDAP-enabled directory services with JNDI
Parse and transform XML data using JAXP
Learn several object-oriented design patterns for implementing JDBC solutions
Create Web pages with JavaServer Pages and servlets that access enterprise databases
Build software solutions that use the rowset features of the JDBC 3.0 API
Discover techniques for using JDBC with Enterprise JavaBeans (EJBs)

Author Biography: Todd M. Thomas is an Oracle Certified DBA and Java developer who works as an independent consultant, software developer, and trainer. His areas of expertiseinclude Java database and network programming, building and managing data warehouses, and designing enterprise Java server applications.
The Improved Biological Performance of a Novel Low Elastic Modulus Implant (2013)

The novel TNZS implants show good biological performance both in vitro and in vivo, which suggests that the alloys are suitable for biomedical applications, especially in osteoporosis.
A Facile Way to Synthesize Ordered Mesoporous Carbon Replicated by Mesoporous Silicas (2007)

High ordered mesoporous carbon molecular sieves designated as CMK-3 and CMK-5 was synthesized using mesoporous silica SBA-15 as hard template, pre-polymerized furfuryl alcohol as a carbon souse by one-step impregnation. The effect of the furfuryl alcohol to silicas ratio have been investigated. XRD pattern, N2 sorption, FE-SEM, TEM, TG-DSC was used to characterize the property of the product. These results show that the CMK-3 and CMK-5 type mesoporous carbon can be controlled and facilely obtained.
A cryptic unstable transcript mediates transcriptional <i>trans</i>-silencing of the Ty1 retrotransposon in <i>S. cerevisiae</i> (2008)

Cryptic unstable transcripts (CUTs) are synthesized from intra- and intergenic regions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and are rapidly degraded by RNA surveillance pathways, but their function(s) remain(s) elusive. Here, we show that an antisense TY1 CUT, starting within the Ty1 retrotransposon and encompassing the promoter 5' long terminal repeat (LTR), mediates RNA-dependent gene silencing and represses Ty1 mobility. We show that the Ty1 regulatory RNA is synthesized by RNA polymerase II, polyadenylated, and destabilized by the cytoplasmic 5' RNA degradation pathway. Moreover, the Ty1 regulatory RNA represses Ty1 transcription and transposition in trans by acting on the de novo transcribed TY1 RNA. Consistent with a transcriptional regulation mechanism, we show that RNA polymerase II occupancy is reduced on the Ty1 chromatin upon silencing, although TBP binding remains unchanged. Furthermore, the Ty1 silencing is partially mediated by histone deacetylation and requires Set1-dependent histone methylation, pointing out an analogy with heterochromatin gene silencing. Our results show the first example of an RNA-dependent gene trans-silencing mediated by epigenetic marks in S. cerevisiae.
A 100mw 4x10Gb/s transceiver in 80nm CMOS for high-density optical interconnects (2005)

A quad-optical transceiver in 80nm CMOS transmits 10Gb/s/ channel over a multi-mode fiber at a BER of <10/sup -12/. Each driver consumes 2mW from a 0.8V supply and a VCSEL requires 7mA from a 2.4V supply. The receiver excluding the output buffer consumes 6mW from a 1.1V supply per channel and features a transimpedance gain of 10.1 k/spl Omega/.