gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thermo-Optic Characterization of Silicon Nitride Resonators for Cryogenic Photonic Circuits (2016)

In this paper, we characterize the Thermo-optic properties of silicon nitride ring resonators between 18 and 300 K. The Thermo-optic coefficients of the silicon nitride core and the oxide cladding are measured by studying the temperature dependence of the resonance wavelengths. The resonant modes show low temperature dependence at cryogenic temperatures and higher dependence as the temperature increases. We find the Thermo-optic coefficients of PECVD silicon nitride and silicon oxide to be 2.51 + 0.08 E-5 K <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> and 0.96 + 0.09 E-5 K <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> at room temperature while decreasing by an order of magnitude when cooling to 18 K. To show the effect of variations in the thermo-optic coefficients on device performance, we study the tuning of a fully integrated electrically tunable filter as a function of voltage for different temperatures. The presented results provide new practical guidelines in designing photonic circuits for studying low-temperature optical phenomena.
Comment (1974)

THE BOUNDARIES have been set now and re‐organisation has come upon the public library world at its set date, approaching, occurring and passing on, like a lunar eclipse.
Neutrality and power: myths and reality (2000)

Extract:Neutrality is a key concept in the process of mediation, with âdefinitions of mediation frequently assert[ing] that the mediator is a neutral intervener in the partiesâ disputeâ. For example, one of the most commonly accepted and often cited definitions provided by Folberg and Taylor refers to mediation as a process involving âthe assistance of a neutral person or personsâ, while Mooreâs definition refers to an ââ¦ impartial and neutral third partyâ. This firm connection between neutrality and fundamental definitional aspects of mediation theory is also related to neutralityâs âimportant legitimising function for mediationâ. People are drawn to the mediation process on the basis of the perceived promise that neutrality holds. The concept of neutrality in mediation is also seen as counterbalancing the ideology of judicial neutrality.
Arylamine organic dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells (2013)

Arylamine organic dyes with donor (D), π-bridge (π) and acceptor (A) moieties for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) have received great attention in the last decade because of their high molar absorption coefficient, low cost and structural variety. In the early stages, the efficiency of DSCs with arylamine organic dyes with D-π-A character was far behind that of DSCs with ruthenium(II) complexes partly due to the lack of information about the relationship between the chemical structures and the photovoltaic performance. However, exciting progress has been recently made, and power conversion efficiencies over 10% were obtained for DSCs with arylamine organic dyes. It is thus that the recent research and development in the field of arylamine organic dyes employing an iodide/triiodide redox couple or polypyridyl cobalt redox shuttles as the electrolytes for either DSCs or solid-state DSCs has been summarized. The cell performance of the arylamine organic dyes are compared, providing a comprehensive overview of arylamine organic dyes, demonstrating the advantages/disadvantages of each class, and pointing out the field that needs to reinforce the research direction in the further application of DSCs.
Parametrization of Linear Coupled Motion in Periodic Systems (1973)

The Courant-Snyder parametrization for one-dimensional linear motion in periodic systems is generalized to two-dimensional coupled linear motions. The 10-parameter 4×4 symplectic transfer matrix across a period is expressed in two normal-mode invariant phase-advances, four normal-mode periodic "amplitude" functions, and four periodic functions which reflect the strength and structure of the coupling. These parametric functions are also given by differential equations containing the periodic force coefficients appearing in the Hamiltonian. Two bilinear invariants can be constructed. With given horizontal and vertical aperture limitations, these invariants give the four-dimensional phase-space acceptance volume and the propagation of the horizontal and vertical emittances of the beam.
A syntax based grammar of stress sequences (1993)

The Spoken English Corpus (SEC) is a speech corpus containing prosodic and syntactic annotations and provides an ideal source for the study of the relationship between prosody and syntax. It is shown that the placement of stresses on words in an utterance may be largely predicted from word classifications. The language model used to make these predictions is inferred from the SEC training set. However, it is unlikely that the predictions will be 100% accurate since stress is also a function of context and semantics. >
Pressure‐reduction and preservation in custom‐made footwear of patients with diabetes and a history of plantar ulceration (2012)

Diabet. Med. 29, 1542–1549 (2012) Abstract Aims To assess the value of using in‐shoe plantar pressure analysis to improve and preserve the offloading properties of custom‐made footwear in patients with diabetes. Methods Dynamic in‐shoe plantar pressures were measured in new custom‐made footwear of 117 patients with diabetes, neuropathy, and a healed plantar foot ulcer. In 85 of these patients, high peak pressure locations (peak pressure > 200 kPa) were targeted for pressure reduction (goal: > 25% relief or below an absolute level of 200 kPa) by modifying the footwear. After each of a maximum three rounds of modifications, pressures were measured. In a subgroup of 32 patients, pressures were measured and, if needed, footwear was modified at 3‐monthly visits for 1 year. Pressures were compared with those measured in 32 control patients who had no footwear modifications based on pressure analysis. Results At the previous ulcer location and the highest and second highest pressure locations, peak pressures were significantly reduced by 23%, 21% and 15%, respectively, after modification of footwear. These lowered pressures were maintained or further reduced over time and were significantly lower, by 24–28%, compared with pressures in the control group. Conclusion The offloading capacity of custom‐made footwear for high‐risk patients can be effectively improved and preserved using in‐shoe plantar pressure analysis as guidance tool for footwear modification. This provides a useful approach to obtain better offloading footwear that may reduce the risk for pressure‐related diabetic foot ulcers.
A multi-bit sigma-delta ADC with an FIR DAC loop filter (2000)

A new sigma-delta modulator architecture is described in which the loop filter is implemented in the DAC. An ADC with a four-bit quantiser, implemented in a 0.25 micron digital CMOS process, achieves 40dB SNR over a 60MHz signal bandwidth and consumes 220mW when clocked at 520MHz. The feedback architecture reduces track and hold performance requirements.
Motion blur adaptive Rate Control (2010)

In this paper, a new Rate Control (RC) algorithm is proposed to improve perceptual quality using motion blur estimation. The blurriness of captured video frames is estimated from a global motion vector, encoding frame rate and exposure time. For given blurriness of frames, the proposed RC algorithm reallocates coding bits between blurry frames and sharp frames. From the experimental results, the proposed RC algorithm achieves much higher quality after a motion blur region and similar quality in a motion blur region comparing to the RC algorithm in the JM reference software model.
Computing the distance between smooth objects in three dimensional space (2003)

A methodology for computing the distance between smooth objects in three-dimensional space is presented. The convex polytope, which is the basic solid modeling tool of prior developments, is replaced by a general convex set. This permits the direct treatment of objects with curved surfaces, eliminating the errors caused by polytope approximations. The computational procedure is a simple extension of the efficient distance algorithm described by E.G. Gilbert et al. (1988). While the convergence of the algorithm is not finite, it is fast and an effective stopping condition is available. Procedures for treating a rich family of smooth objects are given. Extensive numerical experiments support the claimed efficiency.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Elevated hepatic DPP4 activity promotes insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (2017)

Increased hepatic expression of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Whether this is causative for the development of NAFLD is not yet clarified. Here we investigate the effect of hepatic DPP4 overexpression on the development of liver steatosis in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. Plasma DPP4 activity of subjects with or without NAFLD was analyzed. Wild-type (WT) and liver-specific Dpp4 transgenic mice (Dpp4-Liv-Tg) were fed a high-fat diet and characterized for body weight, body composition, hepatic fat content and insulin sensitivity. In vitro experiments on HepG2 cells and primary mouse hepatocytes were conducted to validate cell autonomous effects of DPP4 on lipid storage and insulin sensitivity. Subjects suffering from insulin resistance and NAFLD show an increased plasma DPP4 activity when compared to healthy controls. Analysis of Dpp4-Liv-Tg mice revealed elevated systemic DPP4 activity and diminished active GLP-1 levels. They furthermore show increased body weight, fat mass, adipose tissue inflammation, hepatic steatosis, liver damage and hypercholesterolemia. These effects were accompanied by increased expression of PPARγ and CD36 as well as severe insulin resistance in the liver. In agreement, treatment of HepG2 cells and primary hepatocytes with physiological concentrations of DPP4 resulted in impaired insulin sensitivity independent of lipid content. Our results give evidence that elevated expression of DPP4 in the liver promotes NAFLD and insulin resistance. This is linked to reduced levels of active GLP-1, but also to auto- and paracrine effects of DPP4 on hepatic insulin signaling.
Assembly of U7 Small Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein Particle and Histone RNA 3′ Processing in Xenopus Egg Extracts (2000)

In animals, replication-dependent histone genes are expressed in dividing somatic cells during S phase to maintain chromatin condensation. Histone mRNA 3'-end formation is an essential regulatory step producing an mRNA with a hairpin structure at the 3'-end. This requires the interaction of the U7 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle (snRNP) with a purine-rich spacer element and of the hairpin-binding protein with the hairpin element, respectively, in the 3'-untranslated region of histone RNA. Here, we demonstrate that bona fide histone RNA 3' processing takes place in Xenopus egg extracts in a reaction dependent on the addition of synthetic U7 RNA that is assembled into a ribonucleoprotein particle by protein components available in the extract. In addition to reconstituted U7 snRNP, Xenopus hairpin-binding protein SLBP1 is necessary for efficient processing. Histone RNA 3' processing is not affected by addition of non-destructible cyclin B, which drives the egg extract into M phase, but SLBP1 is phosphorylated in this extract. SPH-1, the Xenopus homologue of human p80-coilin found in coiled bodies, is associated with U7 snRNPs. However, this does not depend on the U7 RNA being able to process histone RNA and also occurs with U1 snRNPs; therefore, association of SPH1 cannot be considered as a hallmark of a functional U7 snRNP.
Investigation of configuration and control strategy for range extended electric vehicle (2015)

This paper takes analysis work on the configuration and control strategy of Range Extended Electric Vehicle, which summarizes the three common configurations, the Series type, the series-parallel type and the power split type currently, as well as their working principle, working mode and the advantages and disadvantages. The control strategy of tandem configuration is divided into Constant power, Power following and Constant power + power following. The control strategy of Series-parallel type configuration generally designed depend on the speed, torque demand, SOC design, and system efficiency; Working mode switching and engine working point selection are the key problems of the research of control strategy. Power split type configuration at present are generally two types, such as Type A and Type B. The goal of the control strategy is to make the multiple working mode as far as possible to adapt to most of the vehicle operation condition.
Knowledge Bases (2002)

Abstract In this article we present an overview of knowledge‐based systems. We begin by discussing the basic characteristics of knowledge base rules and present an example comparing a toy knowledge base to an equivalent procedural version of the same code. We then discuss the applications for which it makes sense to use knowledge‐based technology and the advantages offered by reuse of a general‐purpose upper ontology . Next we describe important research and applications in both knowledge representation and knowledge‐based systems. We then describe how work in philosophy and other research has had an impact on knowledge‐based systems. We conclude with thoughts on where the field is heading.
An entropy approach to queueing control (2002)

The problems of scheduling and routing of customers in queueing systems are examined from the point of view of entropy which is a measure of uncertainty in the context of the random experiment at hand. Two principles are developed, one of the maximum rate of entropy reduction which is equivalent to maximum speed of order in the system and one of minimum entropy which is equivalent to minimum uncertainty. The resulting controls are straightforward and easy to apply.
Power-law distributions from additive preferential redistributions (2006)

We introduce a nongrowth model that generates the power-law distribution with the Zipf exponent. There are elements, each of which is characterized by a quantity, and at each time step these quantities are redistributed through binary random interactions with a simple additive preferential rule, while the sum of quantities is conserved. The situation described by this model is similar to those of closed -particle systems when conservative two-body collisions are only allowed. We obtain stationary distributions of these quantities both analytically and numerically while varying parameters of the model, and find that the model exhibits the scaling behavior for some parameter ranges. Unlike well-known growth models, this alternative mechanism generates the power-law distribution when the growth is not expected and the dynamics of the system is based on interactions between elements. This model can be applied to some examples such as personal wealths, city sizes, and the generation of scale-free networks when only rewiring is allowed.
Feeling the Pain of Social Loss (2003)

Poets have long waxed lyrical about the pain of a broken heart. Now, as Panksepp explains in his Perspective, this metaphor may reflect real events in the mammalian brain. A new brain neuroimaging study (Eisenberger et al.) reveals that the brain areas that are activated during the distress caused by social exclusion are also those activated during physical pain. Thus, we now have an explanation for the feeling of physical pain that accompanies emotional loss-whether that be the loss of a loved one, rejection by one's social group, or the distress of separation experienced by young animals.
Personal systems image application architecture: Lessons learned from the ImagEdit program (1990)

Image applications require complex processing on large amounts of data. The application designer is presented with difficult challenges that are exacerbated on personal systems which have limited processor speed and constrained memory. This paper discusses the problems relevant to personal systems image application architecture and how these problems were solved in the ImagEdit® program. A virtual array manager (VAM) consisting of a virtual memory manager (VMM) and an access scheduler was used to solve the data management problem. The VAM divided each image into segments and transferred them to the VMM for storage. These segments were swapped between memory and disk in response to a sequence of access requests, controlled by the access scheduler using performance-maximizing heuristics. Object-oriented design was used to address the functional complexity problem. The processing functions were divided into two classes. The data-stream class included scanning, printing, and filing, with each data-stream function decomposed into a series of demand-driven pipe objects. The editing class included cut and paste, textual and graphical annotation, and freehand drawing.
Erythropoietin exerts anti‐apoptotic effects on rat microglial cells <i>in vitro</i> (2002)

Erythropoietin (EPO), a renal cytokine regulating haematopoiesis, is also produced by different cell types within the central nervous system, where it acts via the activation of specific receptors. Current evidence shows that EPO exerts neurotrophic and neuroprotective activities in different in vivo and in vitro models of brain damage. In the present study we investigated the effects of EPO on primary cultures of rat cortical microglia and astrocytes. We found that: (i) EPO exerted a marked stimulatory effect on microglial cell viability, assessed through the MTS assay, whereas astrocytes were almost unaffected; (ii) the cytokine increased microglial cell population size in a concentration-dependent manner; however, as microglia cultures undergo spontaneous apoptosis after separation from astrocytes, the apparent effect on cell proliferation could be attributed to EPO antagonism of normal apoptosis; (iii) subsequent flow cytometry analysis on microglial cells demonstrated both the trophic role of factor(s) released by astrocytes in mixed cultures, and the putative anti-apoptotic action of EPO; (iv) the latter was further confirmed through the assessment of gene expression of anti- and pro-apoptotic factors, which showed that EPO is able to shift the Bcl : Bax ratio towards a net anti-apoptotic effect; (v) EPO did not affect the pro-inflammatory function of microglial cells.
Effects of topical application of EGCG on testosterone-induced hair loss in a mouse model (2011)

We investigated the effect of topical epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on testosterone (T)-induced hair loss in mice. Marked hair loss was observed at the T-injected site, and topical EGCG significantly reduced the hair loss (P < 0.05). TUNEL staining showed apoptosis of follicular epithelial cells in the T-injected groups where topical EGCG was found to significantly diminish T-induced apoptosis (P < 0.05). Topical EGCG down-regulated the T-induced expression of androgen receptor but did not down-regulate 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) and three β-HSD expression. Analysis using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) on serum and tissue samples revealed no significant difference in T and dihydrotestosterone concentrations between the T-injected and T + EGCG groups. Thus, we found that T injection in a mouse model induces hair loss by apoptosis of the hair follicles rather than through the androgen metabolic pathway and also saw that T-induced apoptosis of hair follicles was reduced by topical EGCG.
The Coupling of the Neuronal Muscarinic Receptor to Responses (1984)

Due to the massive data sets available for drug candidates, modern drug discovery has advanced to the big data era. Central to this shift is the development of artificial intelligence approaches to implementing innovative modeling based on the dynamic, ...Read More
The Lost Novel (1999)

Anderson Sherwood. The Lost Novel. In: Cahiers Charles V, n°26, juin 1999. Vertiges de la création. Essais sur des œuvres britanniques et américaines. pp. 125-130.
The Effect of Erythromycin on Gastric Emptying Is Modified by Physiological Changes in The Blood Glucose Concentration (1999)

The aim of this study was to determine whether variations in the blood glucose concentration within the normal postprandial range affect the gastrokinetic action of erythromycin.Six healthy male volunteers, aged 20-33 yr underwent measurements of gastric emptying on 2 separate days; blood glucose concentrations were maintained at approximately 4 mmol/L (72 mg/dl) on 1 day and at 8 mmol/L (144 mg/dl) on the other. The order of the two studies was randomized and they were separated by 4-7 days. On both days, erythromycin (3 mg/kg) was administered intravenously over 15 min immediately before consumption of 300 g minced beef labeled with 20 MBq 99mTc-sulphur colloid chicken liver and 150 ml water labeled with 67Ga-EDTA.Gastric emptying of solid (p < 0.05) and liquid (p < 0.0001) were slower at a blood glucose concentration of 8 mmol/L (144 mg/dl) when compared to 4 mmol/L (72 mg/dl). The slowing of gastric emptying was associated with greater retention of both solid and liquid in the proximal (p < 0.06) and distal (p < 0.01) stomach.After administration of erythromycin, gastric emptying and intragastric distribution of solids and liquids is influenced by physiological changes in the blood glucose concentration.
Sensitivity Analysis of the Matrix Equation from Interpolation Problems (2013)

This paper studies the sensitivity analysis of a nonlinear matrix equation connected to interpolation problems. The backward error estimates of an approximate solution to the equation are derived. A residual bound of an approximate solution to the equation is obtained. A perturbation bound for the unique solution to the equation is evaluated. This perturbation bound is independent of the exact solution of this equation. The theoretical results are illustrated by numerical examples.