gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of resin impregnation methods at the early stage of densification on the impregnation efficiency, microstructure, and thermal stability of carbon–carbon composites (2002)

Abstract The effect of impregnation methods and heat‐treatment temperature at the early stage of densification on the impregnation efficiency, microstructure, and thermal stability of carbon–carbon composites prepared from carbon–phenolic green composites was studied. The results suggest that simultaneous application of pressure and heat provides better impregnation performance during densification at the early stage of carbon–carbon composite fabrication than ultrasonic impregnation and vacuum infiltration impregnation. Also, optical microscopic examination strongly supports the result of the impregnation efficiency obtained using three different resin impregnation methods. An additional heat‐treatment at 2000 °C after carbonization results in better thermal stability and a denser microstructure of the fiber and matrix of the composite. For the carbonized composites, including a fully cured furfuryl alcohol resin impregnant, the weight loss measured by a thermogravimetric method quantitatively agrees with the weight loss occurred in a carbonization furnace at the corresponding temperature. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 183–192, 2002
Temperature-Programmed Adsorption and Characteristics of Honeycomb Hydrocarbon Adsorbers (2002)

Hydrocarbon emissions of a vehicle during cold start must be reduced to meet stringent emission regulations. In this paper, three honeycomb hydrocarbon adsorbers were prepared by using H−ZSM-5 and materials of conventional three-way catalysts. A new method was proposed, namely, temperature-programmed adsorption, to evaluate simultaneously the performance of adsorption and conversion of decane on the adsorber. The adsorption amount and conversion of decane on the adsorbers were varied with the Si/Al ratio of H−ZSM-5 and the loading amount of precious metal (PM) and hydrothermal aging. There was a trade-off between the adsorption amount and the conversion. The coexistent gas effect on the adsorption of decane on the two-cycle-aged adsorber seemed to increase in the order of CO, NO, O2, and H2O in the conditions simulated to the emissions of a vehicle. The pore structure at fresh and hydrothermal aged states of the adsorbers was observed by using nitrogen.
Regulation of heat shock response in yeast and mammalian cells (2005)

34/2004 Johanna Furuhjelm Rab8 and R-Ras as Modulators of Cell Shape 35/2004 Reetta Kariola Molecular Pathogenesis in Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer (HNPCC) Syndrome 36/2004 Pauliina Lankinen Ligninolytic Enzymes of the Basidiomycetous Fungi Agaricus bisporus and Phlebia radiata on LignocelluloseContaining Media 37/2004 Katri Juuti Surface Protein Pls of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Role in Adhesion, Invasion and Pathogenesis, and Evolutionary Aspects 38/2004 Martin Bonke The Roles of WOL and APL in Phloem Development in Arabidopsis thaliana Roots 1/2005 Timo Takala Nisin Immunity and Food-Grade Transformation in Lactic Acid Bacteria 2/2005 Anna von Bonsdorff-Nikander Studies on a Cholesterol-Lowering Microcrystalline Phytosterol Suspension in Oil 3/2005 Nina Katajavuori Vangittu tieto vapaaksi— Asiantuntijuus ja sen kehittyminen farmasiassa 4/2005 Ras Trokovic Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1 Signaling in the Early Development of the MidbrainHindbrain and Pharyngeal Region 5/2005 Nina Trokovic Fibroblast Growth Factor 1 in Craniofacial and Midbrain-Hindbrain Development 6/2005 Sanna Edelman Mucosa-Adherent Lactobacilli: Commensal and Pathogenic Characteristics 7/2005 Leena Karhinen Glycosylation and Sorting Of Secretory Proteins in the Endoplasmic Reticulum of the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae 8/2005 Saurabh Sen Functional Studies on alpha2-Adrenergic Receptor Subtypes 9/2005 Tiina E. Raevaara Functional Significance of Minor MLH1 Germline Alterations Found in Colon Cancer Patients 10/2005 Katja Pihlainen Liquid Chromatography and Atmospheric Pressure Ionisation Mass Spectrometry in Analysing Drug Seizures 11/2005 Pietri Puustinen Posttranslational Modifications of Potato Virus A Movement Related Proteins CP and VPg 12/2005 Irmgard Suominen Paenibacillus and Bacillus Related to Paper and Spruce Tree 13/2005 Heidi Hyytiainen Regulatory Networks Controlling Virulence in the Plant Pathogen Erwinia Carotovora Ssp. Carotovora 14/2005 Sanna Janhunen Different Responses of the Nigrostriatal and Mesolimbic Dopaminergic Pathways to Nicotinic Receptor Agonists 15/2005 Denis Kainov Packaging Motors of Cystoviruses 16/2005 Ivan Pavlov Heparin-Binding Growth-Associated Molecule (HB-GAM) in Activity-Dependent Neuronal Plasticity in Hippocampus
Immunohistochemical analysis of β-amyloid and AT8 in late-onset Alzheimer' s disease (2009)

Objective To study the neuropathological characteristics of late-onset Alzheimer' s disease (LOAD) in Chinese people, to ensure correct diagnosis of LOAD.Methods Choosing cerebral cortex of temporal layer of 8 cases of LOAD and 5 cases of age-matched normal control group by autopsy.Histopathologlc diagnosis was established in all these 13 cases.Cerebral cortex were taken from temporal layer in 13-101 hours after death and were fixed with 40 g/L paraformaldehyde, followed by paraffin-embedding and serial sectioning with 6 μm thickness.Brain tissue was analyzed neuropatholically by using immunohistochemical staining for β-amyloid (Aβ) and AT8 on these cases.Positive distribution of temporal layer was observed under light microscope.Results The results of immunohistochemical stainings of Aβ and AT8 were positive in all of LOAD.Aβ immunoreactant located in the cerebral cortex.The diffuse plaques, primitive plaques and burn-out plaques of senile plaques were displayed clearly by immunohistochcmical stainings of Aβ.AT8 immunoreactants showed neurofibrillary tangles, neuropil thread and senile plaques in nerve cell of cerebral cortex in different degree respectively.The positive rate Aβ and AT8 were both 8/8 by semiquantitative analysis in AD group.As the normal aging control group, which was 0 and 1/5 respectively.There was significant difference of the positive rate Aβ and AT8 in two groups(χ2 = 13.000,P=0.001; χ2=9.244,P=0.007).Conclusions Sensitive immunnhistochemical technique was significant to display senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles.The findings demonstrate that immunohistochemistry staining of Aβ and AT8 can display senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles clearly.The connection of the 2 different methods might improve diagnose accordance rate of AD.

Key words: 
Alzheimer disease;  Amyloid beta-protein;  tau Proteins;  Immunohistochemistry; Senile plaques;  Neurofibrillary tangles
Shiftworker performance. (1990)

Nightwork not only taps into the "low ebb" of certain circadian performance rhythms, it also involves sleep disruption, social and domestic disruption, and the chronic equivalent of jet lag, all of which can radically affect performance and safety. This chapter discusses performance rhythms, their relationship to the circadian system and the sleep/wake cycle, and "on-the-job" shiftworker performance.
Electrically Controlled Neurochemical Release from Dual‐Layer Conducting Polymer Films for Precise Modulation of Neural Network Activity in Rat Barrel Cortex (2017)

Implantable microelectrode arrays (MEAs) are important tools for investigating functional neural circuits and treating neurological diseases. Precise modulation of neural activity may be achieved by controlled delivery of neurochemicals directly from coatings on MEA electrode sites. In this study, a novel dual-layer conductive polymer/acid functionalized carbon nanotube (fCNT) microelectrode coating is developed to better facilitate the loading and controlled delivery of the neurochemical 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (DNQX). The base layer coating is consisted of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene/fCNT and the top layer is consisted of polypyrrole/fCNT/DNQX. The dual-layer coating is capable of both loading and electrically releasing DNQX and the release dynamic is characterized with fluorescence microscopy and mathematical modeling. In vivo DNQX release is demonstrated in rat somatosensory cortex. Sensory-evoked neural activity is immediately (<1s) and locally (<446 µm) suppressed by electrically triggered DNQX release. Furthermore, a single DNQX-loaded, dual-layer coating is capable of inducing effective neural inhibition for at least 26 times without observable degradation in efficacy. Incorporation of the novel drug releasing coating onto individual MEA electrodes offers many advantages over alternative methods by increasing spatial-temporal precision and improving drug selection flexibility without increasing the device's size.
Intraventricular plus intra-aortic balloon pumping during intractable cardiac arrest. (1989)

A method is presented for maintaining aortic flow by mechanical means during intractable cardiac arrest. A spherical balloon was inserted into the left ventricle while the usual intra-aortic balloon was introduced into the thoracic aorta. Ventricular fibrillation was induced by direct current. The pumps operating the two balloons were adjusted to inflate the intraventricular balloon during one third of the pumping cycle and the intra-aortic balloon during the next two thirds of the same cycle. The intraventricular balloon capacity varied from 40 to 110 ml (six dogs weighing 16-24 kg) while the intra-aortic balloon capacity was 20 ml. An optimal pumping rate of 75 beats/min maintained an aortic flow of 0.9-1.5 ml/beat/kg and a mean pressure into the brachiocephalic trunk of 110 +/- 12.5 mm Hg (mean +/- SD). These experimental data indicate that an easily applied mechanical device system (needing no extracorporeal circulation) may be used to bridge the time between intractable cardiac arrest and implantation of an artificial heart or transplantation.
Update consistency in software-defined networking based multicast networks (2015)

When applying updates on distributed network elements with SDN, intra-update states may violate desired network properties, such as drop- and loop-freeness. Current stateless approaches cannot guarantee the constancy of arbitrary network invariants (correctness) in general, yet update procedures guaranteeing certain invariants do exist. In this paper, we investigate on update consistency for the case of multicast routing and show that there is no correct update procedure w.r.t. both drop- and duplicate-freeness. We show that certain updates of multicast routes inherently raise a concurrency issue, which necessarily results in the occurrence of either drops or duplicates. Furthermore, we present a generic update procedure for multicast routing updates that identifies concurrency-relevant update steps. This procedure allows for the selection of an update strategy, such that either drops or duplicates are avoided. These effects can severely degrade network performance or quality of experience. To investigate the implications of drops and duplicates, we evaluate their frequencies and impact for wide-area network scenarios both, analytically and empirically, through direct measurement in the data plane under update.
15-Oxa-<i>D</i>-homosteroids (1984)

Novel 15-oxa-D-homosteroids related to pregnane and estrane derivatives have been prepared.
EFFECTS OF DIFFUSION ON THE SATURATION INTENSITY OF A CO2 LASER (1969)

The power and gain capabilities of a CO2 laser are dependent upon the saturation intensity of the laser media. Saturation intensities reported in the literature range from 22 to 100 W/cm2 for seemingly similar laser discharge tube bores, currents, gas flow rates, and gas mixtures. Measurements of saturation intensities between 7.5 and 57 W/cm2 in a CO2 laser amplifier indicate that this parameter is inversely related to the radius of the amplified beam. A significant increase in saturation intensity for small beam radii is attributed to diffusion of excited CO2 molecules into the beam. The experimental results are in qualitative agreement with a simplified derivation of a relation governing the saturation intensity which includes molecular diffusion. This effect can result in a serious overestimate of the capabilities of a large beam laser system designed with saturation intensities obtained from small diameter probe beams.
Selective Enhanced Raman Scattering from an Oxacarbocyanine Dye and 1-Phenyl-5-Mercaptotetrazole Adsorbed to Silver and Silver Halide Surfaces in Photographic Films (1993)

Enhanced Raman scattering (ERS) spectroscopy has been used to obtain characteristic vibrational spectra of two photographically-useful molecules adsorbed to the surface of silver-containing photographic coating (film) processing residues. Films containing gelatin dispersions of silver halide microcrystals were coated with a typical oxacarbocyanine spectral sensitizing dye and subsequently treated with a common photographic silver image modifier, 1-phenyl-5-mercaptotetrazole (HPMT). With the selection of a laser excitation frequency within the absorption band of the J-aggregate of the dye (λ max ≈ 550 nm), Raman spectra which are unique to the adsorbed dye were observed. When the laser excitation was shifted bathochromically (647.1 nm), characteristic spectra of the adsorbed silver salt of HPMT (AgPMT ads ), which does not normally absorb light efficiently at this wavelength, were obtained from the same coatings. This work represents the first time vibrational spectra from both chromophoric and nonchromophoric (in the visible frequency range) Raman-active molecules have been observed within a common photographic chemical environment by the use of molecular resonance enhancement in combination with surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS).
A Novel Hybrid PLL Frequency Synthesizer Using Single Electron and MOS Transistors (2006)

This paper proposes a novel hybrid phase-locked loop (PLL) using single electron transistor (SET) and metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) transistor. A novel hybrid voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) and hybrid logic gates using SET and MOS transistors are used to construct the hybrid PLL. The hybrid VCO has several advantages: a wide frequency tuning range, low power dissipation and large load capability. We study the performances of the hybrid PLL circuit by HSPICE simulator. Simulation results demonstrate that the hybrid circuit could well operate as a PLL at room temperature. The power dissipation of the PLL circuit is lower than 10uW.
Development of a Soluplus budesonide freeze-dried powder for nasal drug delivery (2017)

Soluplus has been shown to be a promising polymer for the formulation of BUD amorphous solid suspension/solution. This opens up opportunities to develop new formulations of poorly soluble drug for nasal delivery.
Development of methane oxidation catalysts for different gas turbine combustor concepts (2005)

Due to continuously stricter regulations regarding emissions from power generation processes, development of existing gas turbine combustors is essential. A promising alternative to conventional flame combustion in gas turbines is catalytic combustion, which can result in ultra low emission levels of NOx, CO and unburned hydrocarbons. The work presented in this thesis concerns the development of methane oxidation catalysts for gas turbine combustors. The application of catalytic combustion to different combustor concepts is addressed in particular. The first part of the thesis (Paper I) reports on catalyst development for fuel-lean methane combustion. The effect on catalytic activity of diluting the reaction mixture with water and carbon dioxide was studied in order to simulate a combustion process with exhaust gas recirculation. Palladium-based catalysts were found to exhibit the highest activity for methane oxidation under fuel-lean conditions. However, the catalytic activity was significantly decreased by adding water and CO2, resulting in unacceptably high ignition temperatures of the fuel. In the second part of this thesis (Paper II), the development of rhodium catalysts for fuel-rich methane combustion is addressed. The effect of water addition on the methane conversion and the product gas composition was studied. A significant influence of the support material and Rh loading on the catalytic behavior was found. The addition of water influenced both the low-temperature activity and the product gas composition.
Property-Based Object Management and Security (2011)

The hype of Second Life is over. But the experience of this truly exciting period lives on in many disciplines and research areas, which are developing emerging technologies in virtual, as well as augmented worlds. And as is the rule with new forming developments, the path is not yet determined and weaves through different stages and platforms, calling for additional prototypes to understand the true impact of virtual worlds, Web 3D, or Augmented Reality. Using broad strokes and looking for a common denominator, most people conclude that it is Web 2.0 with all its (social) functionality and 3D objects as the embodiment of virtual existence. Many publications discuss Web 2.0 features and applications, but most do not focus on the 3D objects in the context of virtual worlds and their implications. In this chapter, the authors examine and observe what (virtual) objects are, as well as which properties should be used for inter-world interoperability. The past technological implementations demonstrate that protecting digital media – i.e. music and video – is an endless endeavor and that no security feature is simultaneously unbreakable and usable. This does not need to be the case for 3D virtual objects because we can learn from the past and achieve a new level of protection in a rising media. In this chapter the authors propose such a solution by putting forth a general 3D object understanding that includes a look at virtual worlds such as Second Life with a feasible concept of object security. They suggest that with a new framework objects can be secured and promote additional growth within, and among, virtual worlds. They propose our Global Object Management System (GOMS) architecture as a potential solution to this challenge.
Role of Fat-Suppressed T1-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Predicting Severity and Prognosis of Acute Pancreatitis (2009)

Magnetic resonance imaging including fat-suppressed T1-weighted images is more accurate to predict the severity and prognosis of acute pancreatitis in comparison with CT.
Protection against <i>Campylobacter</i> diarrhea: role of milk IgA antibodies against bacterial surface antigens (1993)

In developing countries, Campylobacter jejuni causes diarrhea and dysentery, especially in children less than one year of age. Breast feeding protects against infectious diarrhea, with milk IgA antibody playing a determining role. Therefore, it has been proposed to increase the protective effect of human milk by vaccinating women of child‐bearing age. To identify antigens which may induce protective breast‐milk IgA, we analyzed 60 strains of C. jejuni isolated from asymptomatically‐ and symptomati‐cally‐infected breast‐fed children less than 12 months of age. Surface antigens of c. jejuni , separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, were probed with breast milk collected concurrently with the fecal sample from which C. jejuni was isolated, and specific IgA was developed by immunoblotting. Our results indicate that milk antibodies against three high molecular weight bacterial surface antigens of 95, 110 and 185 kDa are involved in protection of infants infected with C. jejuni (p = 0.00964 for one‐tailed Fisher's cxact test).
Nitrogen-Doping Effect on Ge<sub>2</sub>Sb<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>5</sub> Chalcogenide Alloy Films during Annealing (2010)

The microstructural and electrical-property changes of undoped and 5.4% nitrogen-doped Ge 2 Sb 2 Te 5 were investigated. The transition temperature of sheet resistance increased owing to nitrogen doping, which corresponded well with the observed phase-change states. The lattice parameters of the undoped and nitrogen-doped Ge 2 Sb 2 Te 5 exhibited the same tendency of decrease with increasing annealing temperature. Considering the increase in the Ge 2 Sb 2 Te 5 energy state owing to the presence of interstitial nitrogen, the increase in the crystallization temperature is contrary to the thermodynamic viewpoint. Nitrogen atoms and N 2 gas can be located at the interstitial site without distorting the crystal structure.
Unsymmetrical 1,3-Diarylpropenes<sup>1</sup> (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUnsymmetrical 1,3-Diarylpropenes1Christian S. Rondestvedt Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1951, 73, 10, 4509–4511Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01154a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01154a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views92Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Evidence of electrical anisotropy in limestone formations using the RMT technique (2004)

Abstract Azimuthal resistivity surveys are often applied to complement hydrological information or to improve the location of observation boreholes in pump tests. Symmetric electrode configurations cannot distinguish anisotropy from lateral changes or dipping layers, but asymmetric arrays (e.g., the offset Wenner array) can. Tensor radiomagnetotellurics (RMT) is presented as an alternative method in studies of electrical anisotropy in the shallow subsurface. The electromagnetic and geomagnetic transfer functions provide information about the dimensionality of the data. These transfer functions can also be used to find the directions of anisotropy. Data with an anisotropic signature can be inverted for a one-dimensional (1D) azimuthal anisotropy model. The method is faster than the azimuthal resistivity method. A 380-m-long profile of tensor RMT data (12.7–243 kHz) from limestones that overlie shale on the island of Gotland, Sweden, is used to show the merits of the method. The data have a clear anisotropic signature. The data are inverted for a three-layer 1D model with azimuthal anisotropy using two different approaches: (1) a moving median filter of five neighboring stations and neglecting static shift parameters; and (2) treating each station separately and including static shifts of the electric field in the inversion. Both inversions show models having a marked anisotropy with anisotropy factors of 3.7 and 4.5, respectively, in the limestones. The second approach has a significantly better data fit. However, the first approach is preferred because the models are smoother from station to station.