gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diffraction of Electrons by a Crystal of Nickel (1927)

The intensity of scattering of a homogeneous beam of electrons of adjustable speed incident upon a single crystal of nickel has been measured as a function of direction. The crystal is cut parallel to a set of its {111}-planes and bombardment is at normal incidence. The distribution in latitude and azimuth has been determined for such scattered electrons as have lost little or none of their incident energy.Electron beams resulting from diffraction by a nickel crystal.---Electrons of the above class are scattered in all directions at all speeds of bombardment, but at and near critical speeds sets of three or of six sharply defined beams of electrons issue from the crystal in its principal azimuths. Thirty such sets of beams have been observed for bombarding potentials below 370 volts. Six of these sets are due to scattering by adsorbed gas; they are not found when the crystal is thoroughly degassed. Of the twenty-four sets due to scattering by the gas-free crystal, twenty are associated with twenty sets of Laue beams that would issue from the crystal within the range of observation if the incident beam were a beam of heterogeneous x-rays, three that occur near grazing are accounted for as diffraction beams due to scattering from a single {111}-layer of nickel atoms, and one set of low intensity has not been accounted for. Missing beams number eight. These are beams whose occurrence is required by the correlations mentioned above, but which have not been found. The intensities expected for these beams are all low.The spacing factor concerned in electron diffraction by a nickel crystal.---The electron beams associated with Laue beams do not coincide with these beams in position, but occur as if the crystal were contracted normally to its surface. The spacing factor describing this contraction varies from 0.7 for electrons of lowest speed to 0.9 for electrons whose speed corresponds to a potential difference of 370 volts.Equivalent wave-lengths of the electron beams may be calculated from the diffraction data in the usual way. These turn out to be in acceptable agreement with the values of $\frac{h}{\mathrm{mv}}$ of the undulatory mechanics.Diffraction beams due to adsorbed gas are observed except when the crystal has been thoroughly cleaned by heating. Six sets of beams of this class have been found; three of these appear only when the crystal is heavily coated with gas; the other three only when the amount of adsorbed gas is slight. The structure of the gas film giving rise to the latter beams has been deduced.
Search histories for user support in user interfaces (2006)

Abstract The authors describe user interface tools based on search histories to support legal information seekers. The design of the tools was informed by the results of a user study (Komlodi, 2002a) that examined the use of human memory, external memory aids, and search histories in legal information seeking and derived interface design recommendations for information storage and retrieval systems. The data collected were analyzed to identify potential task areas where search histories can support information seeking and use. The results show that many information‐seeking tasks can take advantage of automatically and manually recorded history information. These findings encouraged the design of user interface tools building on search history information: direct search history displays, history‐enabled scratchpad facilities, and organized results collection tools.
Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions and pseudohypacusis. (1995)

The audiologic diagnosis of pseudohypacusis continues to challenge the clinical audiologist. The introduction of otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) to the test repertoire of the audiologist may prove valuable in the evaluation of pseudohypacusis. This report highlights five cases in which transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) were used to cross-check the validity of subjective audiologic thresholds. Relationships of TEOAEs to other objective measures of audiologic threshold are shown to substantiate the value of the procedure for the diagnosis of pseudohypacusis. Suggestions for the use of OAEs in cases of pseudohypacusis are discussed.
Compulsory Alternative Dispute Resolution and Voluntarism: Two-Headed Monster or Two Sides of the Coin (1993)

This Article broadly defines compulsory ADR3 to include any process in which the parties experience a lack of free choice about their participation, other than a civil or criminal trial with full due process protections. Thus, it includes not only court-ordered ADR4 (or alternatives mandated by statute), but also judicial mediation, settlement conferences, non-mandatory summary jury trials, and other techniques5 in which there is pressure on litigants to forgo trials, at least temporarily, and to utilize alternatives to bring about settlement.6
SLEP: Sparse Learning with Efficient Projections (2011)

Analyzes the findings of histologic studies of biopsies of a pathologically changed and visually intact bladder mucosa from 334 patients with chronic cystitis with nonproliferative, proliferative, and metaplastic changes (n = 164), papillomas (n = 62), and carcinomas (n = 108). Demonstrates the relationships between these conditions and their evolution over a follow-up of 36-72 months. Outlines the most typical patterns of their development and progress eventuating in noninvasive or various forms of invasive carcinoma.
Computer-aided design of slit-coupled H-plane T-junction diplexers with E-plane metal-insert filters (1988)

The rigorous field-theory-based design of a class of rectangular waveguide slit-coupled H-plane T-junction diplexers utilizing E-plane metal-insert filters is described. The filter elements allow low-cost manufacturing by accurate and inexpensive metal-etching techniques. The design method is based on a field expansion in suitably normalized eigenmodes which yields the modal scattering matrices of the three key building blocks used: the E-plane metal-insert section, the H-plane iris discontinuity, and the H-plane T. The theory includes the finite thickness of the diaphragms as well as the higher order mode interaction of all discontinuities within the complete diplexer structure. Computer-optimized design data for diplexer examples in Ku-band (12-18 GHz) and E-band (60-90 GHz), designed for more than 23-dB common port return losses, are given. The theory is verified by measured results for a five-resonator Ku-band diplexer.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Introduction (1982)

On a pu écrire à propos des Ecrits critiques d’Iéna qu’en eux « Hegel apparaît comme un lutteur qui procède en quelque sorte à un règlement de comptes, à une” explication” (Auseinandersetzung) avec ses contemporains ». Ce constat de M. Méry qui fait écho aux appréciations plus anciennes de Glockner et de Lukács, un simple coup d’œil jeté sur les textes concernés suffit à en attester le bien-fondé. Il doit cependant être prolongé sur deux points qui, seuls, permettent de mesurer dans toute son...
Channel estimation versus equalization in an OFDM WLAN system (2002)

We study an OFDM system, following the IEEE 802.11a standard, with QPSK modulation, allowing a 10 Mbps data rate when using convolutional coding. We compare one-tap equalization and channel estimation structures in the frequency domain by theoretical analysis and floating point simulations. We use the minimum mean square error (MMSE) and the zero-forcing (ZF) criteria. In the adaptive case, we use the RLS algorithm. We compare data aided (using pilot tones), and decision directed modes. The analysis is made for AWGN, one path Rayleigh fading, one path Ricean fading and multipath Ricean fading channels. The ZF criterion performs better than the MMSE criterion. The channel estimator is simpler and performs better than the equalizer in Ricean fading channels. This paper proposes new insights on the ZF and MMSE criteria, equalization and channel estimation.
Sexually transmitted diseases. (2012)

Sexually transmitted diseases / , Sexually transmitted diseases / , کتابخانه دیجیتال جندی شاپور اهواز
Degradation of Y <sub>2</sub> O <sub>3</sub> :Eu phosphor powders (2004)

Degradation of cathodoluminescent (CL) intensity and changes in the surface chemistry of Y2O3:Eu phosphor powders were investigated using CL spectroscopy and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), respectively. Y2O3:Eu phosphor powders were exposed to an electron beam of energy 2 keV and a current density of 88.5 mA/cm2 at room temperature for different oxygen pressures. The degradation of CL intensity is due to the formation of a non-luminescent “dead layer” on the specimen surface, resulting from non-radiative recombination of electron-hole pairs via surface states. (© 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Neural-Dynamic-Method-Based Dual-Arm CMG Scheme With Time-Varying Constraints Applied to Humanoid Robots (2015)

We propose a dual-arm cyclic-motion-generation (DACMG) scheme by a neural-dynamic method, which can remedy the joint-angle-drift phenomenon of a humanoid robot. In particular, according to a neural-dynamic design method, first, a cyclic-motion performance index is exploited and applied. This cyclic-motion performance index is then integrated into a quadratic programming (QP)-type scheme with time-varying constraints, called the time-varying-constrained DACMG (TVC-DACMG) scheme. The scheme includes the kinematic motion equations of two arms and the time-varying joint limits. The scheme can not only generate the cyclic motion of two arms for a humanoid robot but also control the arms to move to the desired position. In addition, the scheme considers the physical limit avoidance. To solve the QP problem, a recurrent neural network is presented and used to obtain the optimal solutions. Computer simulations and physical experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and the accuracy of such a TVC-DACMG scheme and the neural network solver.
Growth of Tantalum Boride Films by RF Magnetron Sputtering (2003)

This paper describes a research project in which tantalum boride films were deposited on silicon substrates by radio frequency (rf) magnetron sputtering of a alloy target. The deposition rate, chemical composition, crystalline microstructure, and sheet resistivity were examined by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and sheet resistance measurements. The results indicate that the deposition rate, film composition, and microstructure correlate closely with the bias. The deposition mechanism and kinetic model which control the film characteristics are presented here as well. © 2003 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Genome Sequence of Cronobacter sakazakii E899, a Strain Associated with Human Illness (2011)

Cronobacter has caused numerous illnesses in neonates, infants, and children. Here we report the draft genome of Cronobacter sakazakii E899. Whole-genome sequence analysis of Cronobacter strains provides a tool for understanding the genomic regions specific to each individual species.
Natural Extracellular Matrix for Cellular and Tissue Biomanufacturing (2016)

Natural extracellular matrices (ECM) derived from native tissues or cultured cells are extensively employed to fabricate biocompatible scaffolds or living tissue constructs for the application in cellular and tissue engineering. The composition and structure of ECM are not only heterogeneous, but also tissue or cell specific. Recapitulating the unique cell or tissue niche, ECM-based products are promising to quickly integrate with host tissues and accelerate restoration of tissue function. A variety of natural ECM-based scaffolds and tissue constructs have been biomanufactured using different approaches. Native tissue derived ECM is typically grounded into powders that can be further processed into hybrid composites in the form of hydrogels, foams, nanofibers, and 3D-printed complex constructs. Cell-derived ECM follows different biomanufacturing methods. Usually, cells are seeded on a scaffold to deposit ECM resulting in ECM-ornamented materials. The employment of resolvable scaffolds and cell sheet engineering technique enables production of complex 3D constructs exclusively composed of ECM with/without cells. In order to enhance mechanical strength, in vivo stability, and biological performance of ECM-based products, cross-linking reagents or bioactive factors are often used for modification. The major focus of this article is to provide an overview of current biomanufacturing approaches that utilize either native tissue or cell-derived natural ECM in the field of cellular and tissue engineering. Furthermore, the existing challenges for translational application of ECM-based products and the potential resolutions are discussed.
Towards a Location Aware Semantic Access Control Approach for Mobile Computing (2016)

With the development of mobile computing, a more intelligent location aware access control approach which can not only protect the privacy of location information but also reduce the frequency of access control decision is needed. This paper brought semantic access control approach into the Location Aware Access Control (LAAC). First, we used semantic area to substitute physical location for the authorization decision, reducing the frequency of authorization decisions. The exact physical location of the subject would not be exposed. Secondly, for the different representation of semantic area of different security domains, we used ontology cluster to represent semantic spatial information. We established security domain ontology (SDO) and bridge ontology (BO) between the security domains. And then we used such ontology cluster as knowledge base and added annotation to the physical areas of XACML language. Finally, the model and framework of location aware semantics based access control for mobile computing is proposed. The proposed location aware semantic access control(LASAC) approach provides a better solution for location aware access control in mobile network environment.
AUTOMATING PROCESSES IN WEB-INTERFACES WITH ROBOTIC PROCESS AUTOMATION (2018)

The primary goal of this thesis was to explore the automation of processes in web-based systems with Robotic Process Automation, a relatively new technology for the automation of repetitive and rules-based business processes. With the wide adoption of web-based systems and the recent surge of Robotic Process Automation in process automation, the combination of the two is a topical and an interesting subject to study.\n\nThis thesis comprises of two parts. The first focuses on the theory of Robotic Process Automation and the available solutions in general, as well as through the lens of web-applications. The second part defines use cases for Robotic Process Automation in two different web-applications and goes through the implementation as well as testing phases for the automation of these processes.\n\nThis thesis gives the reader a general idea of what Robotic Process Automation is, what it can be used for, and what it looks like in practice when applied to web-based processes.
YCbCr 공간에서 눈 영역의 피부색을 이용한 피부영역 검출 기법 (2009)

입력된 영상을 유해영상인지 아닌지 판단하기 위해 여러 가지 방법이 사용 될 수 있다. 현재, 대부분의 유해영상검출에 대한 연구는 피부색상이 전체영상에서 차지하는 비율에 기반하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 YCbCr에서 피부영역을 검출 하는 기법을 제안한다. 피부영역은 YCbCr에서 특징적인 분포를 나타내는데 이를 이용하여 배경영역과 피부영역을 분리하고자 한다. 먼저 Eye-Map을 이용하여 눈의 영역을 찾은 후 그 주변 영역의 색상을 이용해 피부영역의 색상값 분포를 찾고, 전체 영상에서 그 분포와 근거리에 있는 영역들을 피부영역으로 검출하는 방식이 된다.
Enhanced delta-based layered decoding of WiMAX QC-LDPC codes (2008)

Rovini, et al., have proposed a delta-based layered decoding algorithm to mitigate the latency constraint imposed by the layered decoding algorithm on QC-LDPC codes whose adjacent block rows overlap. We apply their algorithm and the low-complexity offset-based Min-Sum check equation to the decoding of the codes specified in WiMAX. The performance is simulated for two representative hardware pipeline depths, showing a maximal 0.13-dB performance loss, with respect to the ideal latency-free layered decoding algorithm, for a block error rate of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−2</sup> in 15 iterations and a pipeline depth of eight. We further develop a systematic procedure to arrange the processing order of the block rows and block columns of a given QC parity check matrix, reducing the aforementioned performance loss to 0.03 dB at no extra hardware cost. The procedure can be applied to any QC-LDPC codes for any given pipeline depths.
Allyl Sulfides Inhibit Cell Growth of Skin Cancer Cells through Induction of DNA Damage Mediated G<sub>2</sub>/M Arrest and Apoptosis (2010)

Diallyl sulfide (DAS), diallyl disulfide (DADS), and diallyl trisulfide (DATS), extracted from crushed garlic by steam-distillation, have been reported to provide the anticancer activity in several cancer types. However, their mechanisms of effects on skin cancer cells remain unclear. Therefore, we used human melanoma A375 cells and basal cell carcinoma cells as the models to elucidate the effects of these three allyl sulfides. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is known to be the most prevalent type of skin cancer, and melanoma is the most lethal form. We found that DATS revealed better growth inhibition of A375 and BCC cells than DADS and DAS did. We further demonstrated that DATS increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, induced cytosolic Ca(2+) mobilization, and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsim). Western blot results showed the concordance for the expression of molecules involved in G(2)/M arrest and apoptosis observed by cell cycle and cell viability analysis. Moreover, we detected the activation of p53 pathway in response to the oxidative DNA damage. DATS also displayed selective target of growth inhibition between skin cancer cells and normal keratinocyte HaCaT cells. Taken together, these results suggest that DATS is a potential anticancer compound for skin cancer.
Theory of the plasma-wave photoresponse of a gated graphene sheet (2013)

The photoresponse of graphene has recently received considerable attention. The main mechanisms yielding a finite dc response to an oscillating radiation field which have been investigated include responses of photovoltaic, photothermoelectric, and bolometric origin. In this article, we present a fully analytical theory of a photoresponse mechanism which is based on the excitation of plasma waves in a gated graphene sheet. By employing the theory of relativistic hydrodynamics, we demonstrate that plasma-wave photodetection is substantially influenced by the massless Dirac fermion character of carriers in graphene, and that the efficiency of photodetection can be improved with respect to that of ordinary parabolic-band electron fluids in semiconductor heterostructures.
TCGA2STAT: simple TCGA data access for integrated statistical analysis in R (2015)

zhandong.liu@bcm.edu.
RECOVERY OF MEAT PROTEIN FROM ALKALINE EXTRACTS OF BEEF BONES (1979)

ABSTRACT Coagulation of protein from aqueous alkaline meat extracts by acidification, heating, and freezing‐thawing, was studied between pH 7.0 and 4.5. Protein recovery in excess of 90% was possible by heating momentarily to 80°C or higher at pH 5.0‐6.0, but the coagulum was gritty and uncohesive. Lower yields were obtained by mild heating to 60°C, acid coagulation at pH 5.0 and 5.5, and by rapid freezing to ‐30°C and thawing of the pH‐adjusted extracts. The unheated coagula were cohesive and had good binding properties as determined by texture and sensory tests. Freezing‐thawing at pH 6.0 produced a highly structured material. All coagula contained typically 85‐87% moisture, lo‐12% protein, and less than 0.4% ash. Loss of flavor was the main sensory defect noticed after heating.
THE EFFECT OF MONOSIALOGANGLYOSIDE (GM-1) ADMINISTRATION IN SPINAL CORD INJURY (2016)

Objective: To evaluate the effect of monosialoganglioside (GM-1) in spinal cord trauma patients seen in our service who have not been treated with methylprednisolone. Methods: Thirty patients with acute spinal cord trauma were randomly divided into two groups. In Group 1, patients received 200 mg GM-1 in the initial assessment and thereafter received 100 mg intravenous per day for 30 days and Group 2 (control) received saline. Patients were evaluated periodically (at 6 weeks, 6 months, one year and two years), using a standardized neurological assessment of the American Spinal Injury Association / International Spinal Cord Society. Results: The comparative statistical analysis of motor indices, sensitive indices for pain and touch according to the standardization of ASIA / ISCOS showed that the assessments at 6 weeks, 6 months and 2 years, GM-Group 1 patients had higher rates than the control group regarding sensitivity to pain and touch, with no statistically significant difference from the motor index. Conclusion: The functional assessment showed improvement in the sensitive indices of patients treated with GM1 after post-traumatic spinal cord injury compared to patients who received placebo. Level of Evidence IV, Prospective Case Studies Series.
Radiotherapy is Effective in the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Right Atrium Invasion - Report of A Case (2000)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant neoplasm in East Asia. HCC has the tendency to invade vessels, mainly the portal venous system. Right atrium metastasis through venous invasion is a rare condition with grave prognosis. Surgical resection of intra-atrial tumors is technically difficult and it is too invasive for the seriously ill patients. Here, we present a 58-year-old male patient of HCC with hepatic veins, inferior vena cava, and right atrium invasion, who received well-designed three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (totally 60 Gy 33 fractions), followed by one course of intra-arterial chemotherapy with cisplatin (65 mg/m2 infusion for 6 hours) and 5-fluorouracil (2,200 mg/m2 infusion for 24 hours). Serum alpha-fetoprotein was markedly decreased, and size of tumor thrombus was shrinkage. This patient survived for 15 more months. Therefore, for HCC patients with right atrium metastasis, three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy plus chemotherapy may be an effective salvage treatment.
Pulse response of recording media (1975)

The response of magnetic tapes to field pulses of durations down to 0.68 ns was measured. The tapes examined included: gamma iron-oxide, cobalt-substituted gamma iron-oxide, chromium-dioxide, and cobalt-phosphorus in particle and continuous film form. The majority of tapes showed a fairly linear relationship with switching speed constants from 0.2 to 0.6 us-Oe when reciprocal time was plotted against pulse field amplitude. No correlation was observed between the response speeds and the common physical or magnetic properties of the tapes. The pulse fields were generated from a strip-line recording head whose response was flat from dc to 3 GHz.