gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multipath opportunistic RPL routing over IEEE 802.15.4 (2011)

We consider the problem of running RPL on top of the IEEE 802.15.4 MAC layer-the two layers operate over two different structures, a directed acyclic graph in the case of RPL and a cluster-tree for IEEE 802.15.4. We propose to adapt the cluster-tree of IEEE 802.15.4 so that it can efficiently work coupled with RPL. Nodes in our modified cluster-tree can associate with several parent nodes by taking advantage of an adequate organization of superframes at the MAC layer. Building on this modified MAC layer, we define an opportunistic forwarding scheme that extends RPL with the possibility of forwarding packets over multiple paths. Instead of always using a preferred parent, a node opportunistically forwards packets through other parents as long as their routes towards the sink are better. We take advantage of the opportunistic forwarding to support higher-priority delay-sensitive alarms that need to arrive in sink before a given deadline along with low-intensity monitoring data considered as best-effort. We compare our opportunistic version of RPL to its basic version through detailed simulations in terms of packet delivery ratio, incurred delay, and overhead.
The acceptable face of brands in schools (2004)

Reports research into business involvement in schools; while much debate concerns the unacceptable face of involvement such as aggressive marketing and fizzy drinks machines in schools, there are many other activities that both teachers and parents find valuable, including mentoring, free teaching materials and equipment, and redemption schemes. Outlines the research methodology, which included qualitative group discussions with school teachers and parents, followed by quantitative telephone interviews. Finds that parents have very low awareness of business involvement in their children’s schools, but had a basically positive view about businesses’ motivation for involvement; teachers were much more concerned about whether a business was morally and socially responsible; and there was no clear line that can be drawn between “acceptable” and “unacceptable” activities.
Collective Effect of A Chinese Formula - A Study of Xiao-Jian-Zhong-Tang (1995)

Components of a traditional Chinese medicine formula Xiao-Jian-Zhong-Tang were divided into three groups: (1) Radix Paeoniae Lactiflorae, (2) Radix Astragali, and (3) Cinnamon twig, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Fructus jujubae and Saccharum Granorum. Extracts of each group were injected into rats to observe the blood pressure wave spectrum changes at the caudate artery. The whole formula was also extracted and injected into rats to monitor blood pressure wave spectrum changes. Each group has its own effect on the Fourier components of the blood pressure wave. The meridian effects of these herbs are the same as described in the Chinese medical literature, if we consider each meridian in resonance with a specific Fourier component. The whole formula when injected into rats had an effect on the Fourier components of the blood pressure wave similar to the linear combination of individual effect of the three herb groups when used separately. This may be the fundamental idea behind formula construction.
Assuring Resilient Time Synchronization (2008)

In many distributed and pervasive systems the clocks of nodes are required to be synchronized to a unique global time. Due to unpredictable system and environment characteristics, the distance of a local clock from global time is a variable factor very hard to predict. Systems usually adopt measures to guarantee an upper bound on such distance from global time that are very often quite far from typical execution scenarios and thus are of practical little use. As a consequence, while in many circumstances reliable information on the actual distance from global time would improve system behaviour, unfortunately such information is usually not available. In this paper we propose the Reliable and Self-Aware Clock (R&SAClock), a low-intrusive software service that is able to compute a conservative estimation of distance from an external global time. R&SAClock acts as a new clock that couples information gained from synchronization mechanisms with information collected from the local clock to provide both current time and a self-adaptive reliable estimation of distance from global time. This paper describes the R&SAClock as a system component: we define its main functions, services and time-related mechanisms. Finally details of an implementation of the R&SAClock for the NTP synchronization mechanism and Linux OS are shown.
Advancing The Application of Downhole Fibre Optics with a Novel Low Cost Disposable Deployment Method (2017)

Abstract This paper will describe how fiber optics can be introduced into wells at very low cost, for the purposes of Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS), using a novel disposable deployment method. It was identified that the cost and risk associated with existing methods of installing fiber optics have. severely restricted the application of downhole distributing fiber-optic sensing. It’s because of this that technology has been developed that is cost effective enough to run in any well, resulting in a disposable system that uses the required materials to perform a singular operation. The system utilises bare fiber optics, located in the tool, referred to as ‘dart’ herein. The fiber optic is de-spooled during free-fall deployment into the well. The system is disposed of in the well following the distributed sensing operation, which would typically only last several hours. Tests performed in a shallow test well have shown that bare fiber optic can be successfully and reliably deployed into the well and that a Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) survey can be performed on each fiber installed. It was observed that the bare fiber was paid out into the well with no detectable slack, resulting in good depth correlation, important for determining the location of any event. It was also observed that the bare fiber attached itself to the inside of the tubing, which is thought to provide a good acoustic coupling - as well as a certain level of protection versus a freely moving fiber in the well. It was concluded that the novel system is viable for use in oil and gas wells and would provide significant cost and risk reductions compared to existing methods of fiber deployment. The resulting increase in data from the application of such a system would have a considerable impact on production and well integrity, as well as offer vast cost savings in well abandonment operations.
Internalizing Outsider Trading (2002)

Analyzes the impact of information advantages in the market and proposes a unified approach to regulating such advantages in the U.S. Internalization model of informational disparity; Regulation on outsider trading; Proposal on the role of the market in determining the level of permissible information advantages among investors.
1,5,‐Electrocyclizations—An Important Principle of Heterocyclic Chemistry (1980)

Abstract The principle of orbital control of pericyclic reactions has deepened our understanding of reaction phenomena and provided an excellent classification of these one‐step processes. The electrocyclic reaction of the pentadienyl anion ⇌ cyclopentenyl anion type is relatively unimportant in all‐carbon systems and has not even been verified in the case of the parent compound. In the heterocyclic series, however, where up to five C‐atoms of the pentadienyl anion are replaced by heteroatoms, a multitude of ring closures and ring openings find their ordering principle in the mentioned electrocyclic reaction. The replacement of the carbon atoms by heteroatoms can take place isoinically, i. e. , with retention of the anionic character, or isoelectronically . An isoelectronic replacement of CR 2 in position 1 by NR 2 OR, and or CR in position 3 by NR or O leads to a charge‐free resonance structure for the open‐chain species; the migration of the charge during the electrocyclization results in a correlation with a cyclic zwitterion. Conversely, isoelectronic exchange of CR in position 2 by NR or O produces a conjugated 1,3‐dipole, which cyclizes to a charge‐free unsaturated five‐membered ring. Twofold isoelectronic exchange allows the whole process to take place in a cation. Selected examples are to shed light on the classification and the thermodynamics of this electrocyclic reaction.
Content Analysis: An Introduction to Its Methodology (2019)

"The Second Edition of Content Analysis is a sourcebook of the history and core principles of content analysis as well as an essential resource for present and future studies. The book introduces readers to ways of analyzing meaningful matter such as texts, images, voices - that is, data whose physical manifestations are secondary to the meanings that a particular population of people brings to them." "The author has completely revised and updated the Second Edition, integrating new information on computer-aided text analysis. The book also includes a practical guide that incorporates experiences in teaching and how to advise academic and commercial researchers. In addition, Krippendorff clarifies the epistemology and logic of content analysis as well as the methods for achieving its aims." "Intended as a textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate students across the social sciences, Content Analysis, Second Edition will also be a valuable resource for practitioners in a variety of disciplines."--BOOK JACKET.
The Salt-Stress Signal Transduction Pathway That Activates the <i>gpx1</i> Promoter Is Mediated by Intracellular H2O2, Different from the Pathway Induced by Extracellular H2O2  (2004)

Several genes encoding putative glutathione peroxidase have been isolated from a variety of plants, all of which show the highest homology to the phospholipid hydroperoxide isoform. Several observations suggest that the proteins are involved in biotic and abiotic stress responses. Previous studies on the regulation of gpx1, the Citrus sinensis gene encoding phospholipid hydroperoxide isoform, led to the conclusion that salt-induced expression of gpx1 transcript and its encoded protein is mediated by oxidative stress. In this paper, we describe the induction of gpx1 promoter:uidA fusions in stable transformants of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) cultured cells and plants. We show that the induction of gpx1 by salt and oxidative stress occurs at the transcriptional level. gpx1 promoter analysis confirmed our previous assumption that the salt signal is transduced via oxidative stress. We used induction of the fusion construct to achieve better insight into, and to monitor salt-induced oxidative stress. The gpx1 promoter responded preferentially to oxidative stress in the form of hydrogen peroxide, rather than to superoxide-generating agents. Antioxidants abolished the salt-induced expression of gpx1 promoter, but were unable to eliminate the induction by H2O2. The commonly employed NADPH-oxidase inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium chloride and catalase inhibited the H2O2-induced expression of gpx1 promoter, but did not affect its induction by salt. Our results led us to conclude that salt induces oxidative stress in the form of H2O2, its production occurs in the intracellular space, and its signal transduction pathway activating the gpx1 promoter is different from the pathway induced by extracellular H2O2.
Immunohistopathological Findings in the Lungs of Calves Naturally Infected with <i>Mycoplasma bovis</i> (2004)

Histology and immunohistochemistry were used to analyse the lesions and distribution of Mycoplasma bovis antigen in the lungs of 18 naturally infected calves. Microscopic examination of pneumonic lungs revealed two distinct patterns of necrosis and inflammation. The first pattern was observed in six of 18 (33.3%) calves in which microscopic lesions were characterized by large irregular areas of coagulative necrosis surrounded by a dense zone of degenerated neutrophils. Moderate amounts of mycoplasmal antigen were in the centre and periphery of these necrotic foci and, to a lesser extent, in mononuclear cells of the peribronchial lymphoid tissue. The second pattern was observed in 18 of 18 (100%) calves and consisted of rounded foci of caseous necrosis composed by granular eosinophilic material surrounded by a rim of granulation tissue. Large amounts of M. bovis antigen were detected in the centre and periphery of these necrotic foci and, to a lesser extent, in the peribronchial lymphoid tissue, and alveolar and interstitial macrophages. It was concluded that both caseous and coagulative necrosis of the lung parenchyma was primarily caused by M. bovis. Infection with M. bovis should be suspected in bovine necrotic bronchopneumonia, particularly in cases in which the pulmonary necrosis is part of a pyogranulomatous inflammation centred around airways. The pattern of caseous necrosis with pyogranulomatous inflammation is characteristic of M. bovis infection while the pattern of coagulative necrosis is similar to and must be differentiated from Mannheimia haemolytica and Haemophilus somnus infection.
The azimuth-spectral portrait of land object and mathematical model of a reflected signal in the radar sensor with inverse synthesis of unfocused antenna aperture (2003)

Radar sensors (RS) with inverse synthesis of an unfocused antenna aperture ensure measurement of the length of ground objects (automobiles, motorcycles and others) and can be used for road traffic automatic control. The measurement of automobiles length is provided by means of parameters estimation of azimuth-spectral portrait, generated during the inverse synthesis of the antenna aperture.
Evaluated Nuclear Structure Data File and Related Products (2005)

The Evaluated Nuclear Structure Data File (ENSDF) is a leading resource for experimental nuclear data. It is maintained and distributed by the National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. The file is mainly contributed to by an international network of evaluators under the auspice of the International Atomic Energy Agency. The ENSDF is updated, generally by mass number, i.e., evaluating together all isobars for a given mass number. If, however, experimental activity in an isobaric chain is limited to a particular nuclide, then only that nuclide is updated. The evaluations are published in the Journal of Nuclear Data Sheets, Academic Press, a division of Elsevier.
Polymorphisms of protein tyrosine phosphatase CD148 influence FcγRIIA-dependent platelet activation and the risk of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (2012)

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is due primarily to IgG antibodies specific to platelet factor 4/heparin complexes (PF4/Hs) that activate platelets via FcγRIIA. CD148 is a protein tyrosine phosphatase that regulates Src kinases and collagen-induced platelet activation. Three polymorphisms affecting CD148 (Q276P, R326Q, and D872E) were studied in HIT patients and 2 control groups, with or without antibodies to PF4/Hs. Heterozygote status for CD148 276P or 326Q alleles was less frequent in HIT patients, suggesting a protective effect of these polymorphisms. Aggregation tests performed with collagen, HIT plasma, and monoclonal antibodies cross-linking FcγRIIA showed consistent hyporesponsiveness of platelets expressing the 276P/326Q alleles. In addition, platelets expressing the 276P/326Q alleles exhibited a greater sensitivity to the Src family kinases inhibitor dasatinib in response to collagen or ALB6 cross-linking FcγRIIA receptors. Moreover, the activatory phosphorylation of Src family kinases was considerably delayed as well as the phosphorylation of Linker for activation of T cells and phospholipase Cγ2, 2 major signaling proteins downstream from FcγRIIA. In conclusion, this study shows that CD148 polymorphisms affect platelet activation and probably exert a protective effect on the risk of HIT in patients with antibodies to PF4/Hs.
The correlation between the comonomer ratios of vinyl polymer tannages and their application properties (2002)

The correlations between the comonomer ratio of vinyl polymer tanning agents and their application properties were studied by the two-power regression orthogonal design. Eight monomers (AN-acrylonitrile, AM-acrylamide, MAA-methyl acrylic acid, MMA-methyl methacrylate, VAc-vinyl acetate, MA-methyl acrylate, EA-ethyl acrylate, BA-butyl acrylate) were separately chosen to copolymerize with acrylic acid (AA) to form the corresponding copolymers. We measured ten proper indexes of the application properties for each copolymer used in retanning such as thickness increment ratio, shrinking temperature increment, phy-mech properties, compressibility factor etc. The effects of the eight comonomers (AN, AM, MAA, MMA, VAc, MA, EA, BA) on the property indexes of the leather samples were also discussed. It has been found that the comonomers with polar groups can increase the tensile strength and the shrinking temperature of the leather samples, but they may affect the softness of the leather samples and the pliability of the collagen fibrils. The comonomer of AM makes an outstanding contribution to the fullness of leather samples. The acrylate comonomers, such as MA, EA, BA, can improve the pliability of collagen fibrils of retanned leather samples and the improvement extent is related to the carbon chain length of the ester groups. The comonomers with methyl groups (such as MAA, MMA) can decrease the pliability of the leather samples.
A data embedding scheme for H.263 compatible video coding (1999)

We propose a novel data embedding scheme for H.263 video coding. The proposed method, which can protect important information such as picture header and motion vector, is specifically suitable to noisy and bandwidth limited channels such as in wireless communications. The method can exactly recover the motion vectors of corrupted macroblocks, therefore has better performance than other error resilient methods.
In Search of More Meaningful Search (2006)

AbstractThe amount of online scholarly information is rapidly expanding and residing in increasingly disparate sources, while user behavior is evolving to demand single search interfaces like Google. Federated search enables librarians to meet these challenges by supplying efficient, effective access and delivery of the most relevant content from diverse sources to their patrons. Introducing the ability to simultaneously search multiple databases, however, can quickly lead to information overload. Dynamic categorization of search results is one way to manage and organize the large volume of content returned. This article will examine various federated search technologies and important considerations that librarians should undertake when evaluating federated search applications, as well as address how SwetsWise Searcher supports the fundamental aspects of federated searching within that context.
DC-bus voltage regulation strategy for three-phase back-to-back active power conditioners (2014)

The objective of this paper is to propose a dc-bus voltage regulation and power control strategy for the three-phase back-to-back active power conditioner (APC). The proposed three-phase back-to-back APC is able to control the power flow between micro-grids. The demanded active and reactive power via droop control regulates the frequency and voltage, which contributes the power quality and stability of micro-grids. Moreover, in order to minimize the change of the input current variation as well as to achieve the dc-bus regulation in one 60Hz cycle, the optimal ac-line current regulation strategy and the voltage trend method are integrated in this paper. Simulation and Experimental results obtained from a 5 kVA prototype circuit demonstrate the performance of the proposed control strategy.
Progress in Tumor Enzymology (1967)

Introduction Energy Metabolism of Tumors Regulation of Enzyme Activity and Enzyme Levels in Neoplastic Cells Summary
A novel synchronization scheme for OFDM-based CMMB receivers (2009)

A novel synchronization scheme aiming at the special frame structure of China mobile multimedia broadcasting (CMMB) is presented in this paper. Based on the fact that CMMB system is very sensitive to the synchronization error, this scheme gives a solution which integrates high precision symbol timing recovery, carrier frequency recovery and sampling clock frequency recovery. Simulation results show that proposed algorithm can perform robustly at -2 dB SNR and TU6 channel with 300Hz Doppler frequency shift. The root mean square error (RMSE) of sampling clock frequency offset estimation and residual carrier frequency offset estimation is 50% less than that of conventional scheme.
Generation of Harmonics and Subharmonics at Microwave Frequencies with P-N Junction Diodes (1959)

The performances of a nonlinear resistance and a nonlinear capacitance in a broadband harmonic generator circuit are analyzed. The nonlinear capacitance is shown to have a considerably higher efficiency. Some results of harmonic and subharmonic generation experiments with a graded-junction silicon nonlinear capacitance diode are given.
Mitochondrial D-loop mutations and deletion profiles of cancerous and noncancerous liver tissue in hepatitis B virus-infected liver (2005)

The largest single underlying cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide is hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Hepatitis B virus increases cellular oxidative stress and the development of HCC occurs after a long latency period. The study was carried out to determine whether mitochondrial DNA abnormalities were associated with HCC in individuals with HBV. The frequency of mutation and deletion of specific areas of the mitochondrial genome in tumour and matched normal tissue of patients with HBV infection was investigated in the current study. The percentage of control subjects harbouring D-loop mutations was 11%, which was significantly lower than that observed in both the noncancerous (49%, P=0.033) and tumour tissue (59%, P=0.014) of patients with HCC. In contrast, the number of cases in which the common 4977 bp deletion of the mitochondrial genome was detected was significantly greater in control liver and noncancerous liver tissue of subjects with HCC (100 and 95%, respectively) than in cancerous liver tissue (28%, P<0.001). These observations suggest that the inflammatory process contributes to the rate of mitochondrial mutations. However, the lower frequency of the large deletion in cancerous tissue suggests that there is selection against either mitochondria, which harbour large deletions, or against cells that contain these mitochondria during hepatocarcinogenesis.