gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Severe Blepharoptosis: Correction by Orbicularis Oculi Muscle and Orbital Septum Resection and Advancement (1998)

Using a concept based on cadaveric dissections that the orbital septum could suspend the tarsal plate statically and that the shortened orbicularis oculi muscle would then transmit the frontalis muscle action more effectively, the orbicularis oculi muscle and the orbital septum were advanced to the tarsal plate as a single flap for the correction of blepharoptosis with poor or absent levator function. The redundant portion of the distal flap was resected. From March 1991 to December 1994, 17 patients (24 eyelids) underwent surgery for blepharoptosis with this procedure. Eleven patients were male, and 7 patients had bilateral blepharoptosis. All patients had less than 3 mm of levator function. Patient follow-up ranged from 17 to 52 months, with an average of 35 months. The postoperative result was arbitrarily defined as good when the amount of ptosis was less than 2 mm, fair when the amount of ptosis was 2 to 3 mm, and poor when the amount of ptosis was more than 3 mm. Twelve patients (71%) had good results and 2 patients had fair results. The remaining 3 patients (18%) showed poor results, and reoperation was done with good results in 1 patient and fair results in the other 2 patients. This procedure has several remarkable merits. It is a simple technique with good operative exposure through a single incision at the upper tarsal margin, and it preserves the function of both the frontalis and orbicularis oculi muscles. The main drawback was mild drooping of the upper eyelid for a period of time, so some overcorrection was necessary.
Magnetic susceptibility anisotropies from quadrupolar magnetic field effects in high field <sup>2</sup>H N.M.R. (1979)

Abstract Anisotropies in the diamagnetic susceptibilities of coronene, anthracene and chrysene are reported. They have been determined from the quadrupolar magnetic field effect on the 2H N.M.R. spectra of the compounds. Results from this method are compared with those obtained from other techniques and the differences are discussed.
Inhibition of expression of HTLV-1 structural genes mediated by short hairpin RNA in vitro. (2011)

These shRNAs are effective against the expression of structural genes and may provide an approach to the development of new therapeutic agents.
Ultrafast photogeneration of charged polarons in conjugated polymers (2001)

Ultrafast photoinduced absorption by infrared-active vibrational modes (IRAV) is used to detect charged photoexcitations (polarons) in conjugated luminescent polymers. The experiments, carried out in zero applied electric field, show that polarons are generated instantaneously (within \ensuremath{\sim}100 fs) with appreciable quantum efficiencies, ${\ensuremath{\varphi}}_{\mathrm{ch}}\ensuremath{\sim}10%.$ The ultrafast photoinduced IRAV absorption, the weak pump-wavelength dependence of ${\ensuremath{\varphi}}_{\mathrm{ch}}$ and linear dependence of charge density on pump intensity indicate that both charged polarons and neutral excitons are independently generated even at the earliest times. Several mechanisms for charge generation proposed in the literature are eliminated by these results.
Nonlinear lattice model for spatially guided solitons in nonlinear photonic crystals (2005)

Numerical simulations have shown the existence of transversely localized guided modes in nonlinear two-dimensional photonic crystals. These soliton-like Bloch waves induce their own waveguide in a photonic crystal without the presence of a linear defect. By applying a Green's function method which is limited to within a strip perpendicular to the propagation direction, we are able to describe these Bloch modes by a nonlinear lattice model that includes the long-range site-to-site interaction between the scattered fields and the non-local nonlinear response of the photonic crystal. The advantages of this semi-analytical approach are discussed and a comparison with a rigorous numerical analysis is given in different configurations. Both monoatomic and diatomic nonlinear photonic crystals are considered.
SURVEY OF RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN SOLVENT EXTRACTION WITH TRIBUTYL PHOSPHATE (1963)

Tributyl phosphate can be used for extraction in processing all current power reactor fuels. Nitric acid is the only salting agent required. Typical flowsheets are presented. In aluminum nitrate systems which are more than 0.1 M acid deficient, the uranium distribution coefficient is a function of pH and independent of aluminum concentration; the coefficient remains constant at one in fluoride systems when the nitrate to fluoride ratio is approximates 3.5. Many objectionable properties of degraded diluents are ascribed to nitroparaffins. Aliphatic diluents with the least branching are the most stable to nitration. The nitration stability of aromatic diluents varies with structure, e.g., stabilities of diethylbenzenes decrease as meta >> ortho > para. Solvent purification by flash distillation appears superior to other methods. The stability of Amsco 125-82 was permanently improved by treatment with sulfuric acid. The radiation stability of TBP was approximates 2 times higher in an aromatic diluent than in Amsco 125-82. The G decomposition value for 1 M TBP in Amsco alone was approximates 0.9; whereas in 1 to 3 M HNO/sub 3/ it was 1 to 5 and G (--HNO/sub 3/ org phase) was 3 to 20. Variation of uranium--thorium separation factors with structure of some neutral organophosphorus reagents is presented. Basic studies include measurement of activities in multicomponent solutions and description of aqueous activity coefficients by an extended Debye- Huckel equation. (auth)
<sup>1</sup>H NMR Based Metabolic Profiling in the Evaluation of Japanese Green Tea Quality (2007)

Classification of tea quality is now mainly performed according to the sensory results by professional tea tasters. However, this evaluation method is inconsistent in differentiating their qualities. A combination of a (1)H NMR technique and a multivariate analysis was introduced to the quality evaluation of green tea by means of a metabolomic technique. A broad range of metabolites were detected by (1)H NMR spectrometry. The principal component analysis (PCA) was used to reduce the complexity of the (1)H NMR spectra data set and provided the quality discrimination result. It offered an extensive clue for classification and quality assessment without any prepurification method. A set of green teas from a Japanese tea contest were analyzed by (1)H NMR to classify the quality with respect to that judged by tea tasters and to conceive a quality prediction model. Metabolic profiling and fingerprinting of (1)H NMR spectra of green teas with different quality were studied. PCA showed a separation between the high- and the low-quality green teas. The taste marker compounds contributing to the discrimination of tea quality were identified. Reliable prediction models were obtained by the partial least-squares projection to latent structure (PLS) analysis together with a preprocessing filter of both orthogonal signal correction (OSC) and a combination between OSC and wavelet transform algorithms.
Simultaneous measurements of small angle x-ray scattering, wide angle x-ray scattering, and light scattering during phase transitions in polymers (invited) (1995)

In order to obtain detailed information on structural changes in polymers during crystallization and melting, it is necessary to perform real-time measurements of the change in small angle x-ray scattering simultaneously with measurements of the change in wide angle x-ray scattering, light scattering and enthalpy (by differential scanning calorimetry). Different experimental setups to perform such experiments are described. Some examples demonstrate the variety of information that may be obtained by means of these setups.
Carbon diffusion in undoped, <i>n</i>-type, and <i>p</i>-type GaAs (1989)

The effects of background doping, surface encapsulation, and As4 overpressure on carbon diffusion have been studied by annealing samples with 1000 Å p-type carbon doping spikes grown within 1 μm layers of undoped (n−), Se-doped (n+), and Mg-doped (p+) GaAs. The layers were grown by low-pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition using CCl4 as the carbon doping source. Two different As4 overpressure conditions were investigated: (1) the equilibrium pAs4 over GaAs (no excess As), and (2) pAs4 ∼2.5 atm. For each As4 overpressure condition, both capless and Si3N4-capped samples of the n−-, n+-, and p+-GaAs crystals were annealed simultaneously (825 °C, 24 h). Secondary-ion mass spectroscopy was used to measure the atomic carbon depth profiles. The carbon diffusion coefficient is always low, but depends on the background doping, being highest in Mg-doped (p+) GaAs and lowest in Se-doped (n+) GaAs. The influence of surface encapsulation (Si3N4) and pAs4 on carbon diffusion is minimal.
Arthroscopically assisted reduction and internal fixation of a coronoid fracture (2011)

aDepartment of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD bDepartment of Orthopaedics, Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, MD No external funding was received in support of this work. The authors have no conflicts of interest to report. Correspondence to Anand Murthi, MD, Department of Orthopaedics, Union Memorial Hospital, 3333 N. Calvert Street, Suite 400, Johnston Professional Building, Baltimore, MD 21218 Tel: +410 554 4382; fax: +410 554 2084; e-mail: [email protected]
Fiber-optic electric field sensor based on wavelength-swept laser (2014)

We report a dynamic fiber-optic electric field sensor using a nematic liquid crystal (LNC) Fabry-Perot etalon and a wavelength-swept laser (WSL). The WSL has a linear relationship between the wavelength measurement and the time measurement. When a modulated electric field of the proper amplitude and frequency is applied to the NLC, the transmission wavelength peaks for the ordinary mode are maintained, while the transmission peaks for the extraordinary mode are modulated. By measuring the modulation frequency of the transmission peaks in the temporal domain, the frequency of the modulated electric field could be estimated.
An Experimental Study of the Influence of Disk Flexibility and Rubbing on Rotordynamics (1993)

Abstract This study is an experimental investigation of the influence of disk flexibility and rubbing on rotordynamics. The rotor rigs used in the experiments were designed to have included disk flexibility and a rubbing mechanism. The governing equations of motion are similar to those studied in analytical investigations. The system responses to imbalance were recorded and orbit trajectories were plotted at a set of different rotating speeds. The results show the rubbing response development from light forward bouncing, mixed forward bouncing, to high amplitude backward whirling heavy rubbing. The results also show that the flexible-disk rotor has the tendency of having a high frequency component at the upper rotor speed range of mixed bouncing. These agree very well with the results from an earlier analytical study.
ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Recognition by Ornithine and Aspartate Transcarbamylases (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Prevernalization Daily Light Integral and Vernalization Temperature Influences Flowering of Herbaceous Perennials (2002)

The influence of daily light integral (DLI) before vernalization and vernalization temperature and duration on growth and flower development was determined for seed-propagated perennials Aquilegia ×hybrida Sims `Remembrance', Coreopsis grandiflora Hogg ex Sweet `Sunray', and Lavandula angustifolia Mill. `Hidcote Blue'. Seedlings were grown under two DLIs (4 or 14 mol·m -2 ·d -l ) for 5 weeks before being vernalized at -2.5, 0, 2.5, or 5 °C for 2,4,5, or 8 weeks. `Remembrance' and `Sunray' plants were vernalized in the dark, while `Hidcote Blue' plants were vernalized in light at 5 to 10 μmol·m -2 ·s -l for 9 hourslday. After vernalization, plants were forced under a 16-h photoperiod in the greenhouse at 20±2 °C. `Remembrance' plants flowered uniformly when vernalized at 0 to 2.5 °C for 2 weeks or longer, and flower number, plant height, time to visible bud or to flower were generally not influenced by vernalization temperature or duration. No `Sunray' plants flowered without vernalization, and only a low percentage flowered with 4-week vernalization. Compared with low DLI, a 14 mol·m -2 ·d -1 before vernalization delayed flowering by 7 to 20 days in `Remembrance', but there were no substantial differences in flowering characteristics of `Sunray'. `Hidcote Blue' plants were best vernalized in the light at 5 °C for 8 weeks to obtain rapid and uniform flowering and the highest number of inflorescences. Flowering and survival percentages of `Hidcote Blue' were much lower for plants at 14 mol·m -2 ·d -l DLI compared to 4 mol·m -2 ·d -1 .
Detecting Precipitating Clouds over Snow and Ice Using a Multiple Sensors Approach (2009)

Abstract This work discusses a snowfall detection approach for high-latitude regions that is based on a combination of passive sensors to discriminate between snowing and nonsnowing areas. Two different techniques have been developed to compute the probability of detecting a snowing event. The first technique is based on a logistic distribution to represent the probability of snowfall given the predictors; the second is a Bayesian technique not requiring any hypothesis as to the shape of the probabilistic model. The spaceborne Advanced Microwave Sounding Units A and B (on NOAA-16) and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (on Aqua) have been collocated and used for the estimation. Products from the spaceborne cloud-profiling radar on CloudSat are used as truth to calibrate and validate the proposed approaches. A comparison with a well-known rain-rate model, developed by the Remote Sensing and Estimation Group of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, is also presented, showing that both proposed methods discriminate snowing and nonsnowing condition over the polar regions, reducing by at least 30% the false alarms while considerably increasing the probability of detection.
1,1-Bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)ethane via hydrogen chloride-catalyzed condensation of acetaldehyde with phenol (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticle1,1-Bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)ethane via hydrogen chloride-catalyzed condensation of acetaldehyde with phenolAnatoli OnopchenkoCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1984, 23, 3, 509–511Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i300015a036https://doi.org/10.1021/i300015a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views59Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Visual Analysis and Semantic Exploration of Urban LIDAR Change Detection (2008)

Abstract Many previous approaches to detecting urban change from LIDAR point clouds interpolate the points into rasters, perform pixel‐based image processing to detect changes, and produce 2D images as output. We present a method of LIDAR change detection that maintains accuracy by only using the raw, irregularly spaced LIDAR points, and extracts relevant changes as individual 3D models. We then utilize these models, alongside existing GIS data, within an interactive application that allows the chronological exploration of the changes to an urban environment. A three‐tiered level‐of‐detail system maintains a scale‐appropriate, legible visual representation across the entire range of view scales, from individual changes such as buildings and trees, to groups of changes such as new residential developments, deforestation, and construction sites, and finally to larger regions such as neighborhoods and districts of a city that are emerging or undergoing revitalization. Tools are provided to assist the visual analysis by urban planners and historians through semantic categorization and filtering of the changes presented.
Cover Picture: The Catalytic Mechanism of Human Parainfluenza Virus Type 3 Haemagglutinin‐Neuraminidase Revealed (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 10/2015) (2015)

The human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hPIV-3) is one of the leading causes of lower respiratory tract disease in children. In their Communication on page 2936 ff., M. von Itzstein, I. M. El-Deeb, P. Guillon, L. M. G. Chavas, and co-workers investigate the catalytic mechanism of hPIV-3 haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) and determine that it is a retaining glycohydrolase. Moreover hPIV-3 HN utilizes a highly conserved tyrosine residue to form a transient covalent bond with the anomeric carbon of the substrate. Finally a novel sialic acid derivative showed potency in virus blockade assays. The human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hPIV-3) is one of the leading causes of lower respiratory tract disease in children. In their Communication on page 2936 ff., M. von Itzstein, I. M. El-Deeb, P. Guillon, L. M. G. Chavas, and co-workers investigate the catalytic mechanism of hPIV-3 haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) and determine that it is a retaining glycohydrolase. Moreover hPIV-3 HN utilizes a highly conserved tyrosine residue to form a transient covalent bond with the anomeric carbon of the substrate. Finally a novel sialic acid derivative showed potency in virus blockade assays. Nanoparticles K. M. Fromm, B. Giese et al. report in their Communication on page 2912 ff. how shielding effects prevent the formation of Ag nanoparticles from Ag+–peptides. This problem was overcome by chloride ions first forming AgCl microcrystals.1 Microwave Spectroscopy In their Communication on page 2991 ff., J. L. Alonso et al. show that intramolecular hydrogen bonds involving uracil and ribose moieties play an important role in the stabilization of the nucleoside uridine.1 Blood–Brain Barrier In their Communication on page 3023 ff., W. Lu, C. Zhan, et al. identified a D-peptide ligand of nicotine acetylcholine receptors that is resistant to proteolysis and verified its superiority for brain-targeted drug delivery over the L-peptide ligand.1
Absolute configuration of the active stereoisomer of new rice fungicide Carpropamid (1999)

The absolute configuration of the active component of fungicide Carpropamid of a diastercoisomeric mixture was determined to be (1S,3R)-N-[(R)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2,2-dichloro- 1-ethyl-3-methylcyclopropanecarboxamide, C 15 H 18 Cl 3 NO. Two molecules are tightly coupled in the crystal. The intermolecular hydrogen bonding between C=O and H-N is responsible for this assembly.
Spectral characterization of second harmonic chi((2)) cascading phenomena (2001)

International audience
Simulations of a Lateral PiN Diode on Si/SiC Substrate for High Temperature Applications (2015)

Simulations are presented of a lateral PiN power diode on a Si/SiC substrate for harsh environment, high temperature applications. Thermal simulations compare the Si/SiC solution to SOI, Si/SiO 2 /SiC, bulk Si and SiC, showing that the Si/SiC architecture, with its thin Si film intimately formed on SiC, displays significant thermal advantages over any other Si solution, and is comparable to bulk SiC. Detailed electrical simulations show that in comparison to the same device in SOI, a Si/SiC PiN diode offers no deterioration of the on-state performance, improved self-heating effects at increased current and can potentially support higher breakdown voltages.
Surface Segregation in Diblock Copolymers and Polymer Blend Thin Films (1995)

The surface segregation of diblock copolymers and polymer blend thin films has been studied using a molecular theory. It was found that chains composed of short flexible segments always segregate to the surfaces. For flexible-stiff diblocks the flexible block segregates to the surface in most cases, while in polymer blends the stiffer segment is the one that prefers the walls. It is found that the segregation behavior in polymeric systems cannot be described only by the statistical length of the polymer, but a more detailed description of the type of segments is needed.
Sub-10 nm monodisperse PbS cubes by post-synthesis shape engineering (2014)

Sub-10 nm monodisperse PbS cubes are synthesized by reacting quasi-spherical PbS nanocrystals with (NH4)2S. This reaction shapes the quasi-spheres into cubes via preferential growth of the (111) facets. A four-band envelope function calculation of the energy levels accounts well for the measured absorption spectra. Initial studies show that PbS cubes can organize into simple square superlattices with short ligands.
PERFORMANCE OF GEOTEXTILE-REINFORCED SOIL SLOPES AT FAILURE: A CENTRIFUGE STUDY. FINAL REPORT. VOLUME 2 (1995)

A centrifuge study of geotextile-reinforced slopes was performed to identify the failure mechanisms and to verify the ability of limit equilibrium methods to predict failure. The variables considered in the study were reinforcement spacing, reinforcement tensile strength, and soil strength. Analyses of model slopes built with the same backfill gave a single normalized Reinforcement Tension Summation, which can be interpreted as the earth pressure coefficient that depends only on soil strength and slope inclination. Failure of the model slopes was observed to initiate at midheight, contradicting current design assumptions that failure should develop from the toe of the reinforced slopes. Consequently, a reinforcement force distribution with depth is proposed for reinforced soil slopes under working stresses, which is consistent with the experimental observations and which leads to an approximately uniform distribution with depth at the moment of failure. An important contribution to the stability of the models was provided by the overlapping geotextile layers, which failed by breakage instead of pullout when intersected by the failure surface. The suitability of limit equilibrium methods for the analysis of geotextile-reinforced slopes was evaluated by comparing the centrifuge test results with theoretical predictions. A rigorous limit equilibrium method that assumes circular failure surfaces was used to evaluate the effect of different modeling assumptions on the calculated factors of safety by performing a parametric study of variables relevant to the stability of the models. Very good agreement was obtained between the limit equilibrium predictions and the experimental results.