gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Micro saint: modeling with the Micro Saint simulation package (2000)

Micro Saint is a discrete-event simulation software package for building models that simulate real-life processes. With Micro Saint models, users can gain useful information about processes that might be too expensive or time-consuming to test in the real world. Some common application areas for simulation modeling include the following:• Modeling manufacturing processes, such as production lines, to examine resource utilization, efficiency, and cost.• Modeling transportation systems to examine issues such as scheduling and resource requirements.• Modeling service systems to optimize procedures, staffing and other logistical considerations.• Modeling training systems and their effectiveness over time.• Modeling human operator performance and interaction under changing conditions.Simulation is a cost-effective way to help show decision-makers the most cost-efficient alternatives to any problem.
Pathological findings in rats with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (2008)

The aim of this study was to establish an animal model of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) and examine the basic pathological changes, as well as expression and distribution of MMP-2 and MMP-9, in Wistar rats. Tissue sections were processed for HE staining, Weil myelin staining, and modified Bielschowsky staining. Expression and distribution of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) were detected with immunohistochemistry. We divided the EAE into five types, depending on pathological characteristics and clinical manifestations: acute EAE, relapsing-remitting EAE, progressive EAE, benign EAE, and asymptomatic EAE. Rats with acute EAE suffered from quick, severe attacks with widespread inflammatory cells and axonal loss. No demyelination or astrocytic hyperplasia was found around the lesions. Rats with relapsing-remitting EAE broke down twice, with many perivascular cuffs and demyelinating plaques in lesions; hyperplastic and hypertrophic astrocytes characterized old lesions and axonal loss was evident. Rats suffering from progressive EAE exhibited continuous aggravation without improvement, accompanied by perivascular cuffs, demyelination, increased gliocytes and axonal damage. Rats with benign EAE recovered to a normal state with obviously decreased inflammatory cells and almost entirely unaffected myelin and axons. Rats with asymptomatic EAE also had various pathological changes that were not coincident with their clinical manifestations. Elevated expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 was concordant in different types of EAE, but the extent differed in each type of EAE. MMP-2 and MMP-9 can be expressed in the form of vascular endothelial cells, meninges, or accumulated inflammatory cells. Multiple clinical courses of disease were demonstrated in Wistar rat EAE, with attributes similar to multiple sclerosis (MS) in clinical and pathological characteristics. Elevated expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 may play a role in some aspects of pathological changes in EAE, for example, destroying the blood-brain barrier, degrading the myelin sheath, and damaging axons.
The effect of smoking cessation and modification on lung function. (1976)

The purpose of this study was to obtain more information about the effect on lung function of stopping smoking or of modifying the smoking habit and to determine the time course of change. We followed a group of 75 cigarette smokers who attended a smoking cessation clinic in May 1973, using a respiratory symptom questionnaire, spirometry, closing volumes, and the slope of the alveolar plateau of the single-breath nitrogen test. Subjects were tested before stopping smoking and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the initial testing. We found a significant (P less than 0.05) improvement in closing volume as a percentage of vital capacity and closing capacity as a percentage of total lung capacity at 6 and 12 months and in the slope of the alveolar plateau at 1, 6, and 12 months in those who stopped smoking. There was also a dramatic decrease in respiratory symptoms in those who stopped smoking, a moderate decrease in those who reduced their consumption by at least 25 per cent, and very little change in those who did not appreciably modify their smoking consumption.
Log-linear models for word alignment (2005)

We present a framework for word alignment based on log-linear models. All knowledge sources are treated as feature functions, which depend on the source langauge sentence, the target language sentence and possible additional variables. Log-linear models allow statistical alignment models to be easily extended by incorporating syntactic information. In this paper, we use IBM Model 3 alignment probabilities, POS correspondence, and bilingual dictionary coverage as features. Our experiments show that log-linear models significantly outperform IBM translation models.
Thermal stability and band alignments for Ge3N4 dielectrics on Ge (2006)

Ge 3 N 4 dielectrics were prepared on Ge surface by in situ direct atomic source nitridation. The thermal stability and band alignments for Ge3N4∕Ge interfaces have been studied by using high-resolution x-ray photoemission spectroscopy. The in situ thermal treatment shows that Ge3N4 film has higher temperature thermal stability up to 550°C in vacuum. The conduction- and valence-band offsets at Ge3N4∕Ge interface are quite asymmetrical with the values of 2.22 and 1.11eV, respectively.
Going global: the NBA sets its sights on Africa (2007)

This paper examines the US National Basketball Association's choice of South Africa as the primary location for its 'Basketball Without Borders' camp, with the long-term future of basketball in Africa in mind. It explores the associated basketball and community outreach activities of the camp and analyses whether the NBA is meeting its objectives for development of the sport.
Proximal Optimal Transport Modeling of Population Dynamics (2021)

We propose a new approach to model the collective dynamics of a population of particles evolving with time. As is often the case in challenging scientific applications, notably single-cell genomics, measuring features for these particles requires destroying them. As a result, the population can only be monitored with periodic snapshots, obtained by sampling a few particles that are sacrificed in exchange for measurements. Given only access to these snapshots, can we reconstruct likely individual trajectories for all other particles? We propose to model these trajectories as collective realizations of a causal Jordan-Kinderlehrer-Otto (JKO) flow of measures: The JKO scheme posits that the new configuration taken by a population at time $t+1$ is one that trades off an improvement, in the sense that it decreases an energy, while remaining close (in Wasserstein distance) to the previous configuration observed at $t$. In order to learn such an energy using only snapshots, we propose JKOnet, a neural architecture that computes (in end-to-end differentiable fashion) the JKO flow given a parametric energy and initial configuration of points. We demonstrate the good performance and robustness of the JKOnet fitting procedure, compared to a more direct forward method.
Evaluation of a Pectin Agar Medium for Isolation of Yersinia Enterocolitica within 48 Hours (1979)

A modified pectin agar medium was evaluated for the rapid isolation and presumptive identification of Yersinia enterocolitica. Of 118 isolates of Enterobacteriaceae tested, only the 13Y. enterocolitica and the three Klebsiella oxytoca strains produced colonies that depressed and sank into the agar. Yersinia enterocolitica was also easily identified in mixed cultures, even from inocula containing three times as many other Enterobacteriaceae organisms as Y. enterocolitica. The recovery of Y. enterocolitica was evaluated on Mueller-Hinton, pectin, Hektoen enteric, xylose lysine desoxycholate, Salmonella-Shigella, and MacConkey agars. Compared with Mueller-Hinton agar, the pectin agar showed a 100% recovery of Y. enterocolitica, with all strains having depressed colonies, while the other media showed lesser recoveries of only 5 to 25%, with no other discriminating colonial characteristic.
[Prokaryotic expression and purification of SPAG4L, a novel human testis gene]. (2010)

The recombinant plasmid PQE-30-SPAG4L can be expressed in vitro and used for studying the biological function of SPAG4L in spermatogenesis.
Internal relaxation, ionization and recombination in a dense hydrogen plasma I. Application of singular perturbation theory (1975)

Abstract The master equation which describes internal relaxation, ionization and recombination in a dense hydrogen plasma at constant electron temperature is developed. An approximate solution is obtained by using singular perturbation theory based on the assumption that the internal relaxation time is much shorter than the time for ionization. The results show that there are two distinct time regimes in the relaxation of a given initial nonequilibrium population distribution to the final equilibrium distribution. The first phase, a fast initial transient, involves an internal redistribution of the atoms to form a new distribution. This new distribution decays slowly during the second and much longer phase to the equilibrium distribution. Only during this period is there any significant change in the electron number density. After the initial transient period the rate coefficient for ionization is related linearly to the smallest eigenvalue of the relaxation matrix, the rate-quotient law holds approximately and the ordinary differential equation describing the behaviour of the electron number density is the usual phenomenological rate equation.
3ds Max 9 Essentials (2006)

Bring 3D film effects to the big screen. Generate realistic characters for a top-selling game. Create rich and complex design visualization. Autodesk® 3ds Max® 9 lets you maximize your productivity and tackle challenging animation projects. And this book, developed by Autodesk insiders, lets you master the essential tools and techniques. Learn how to use 3ds Max 9 confidently in a production environment. Each chapter of this book has a series of theory lessons and one lab. The theory lessons introduce you to the functional areas of 3ds Max and explain these features with short simple examples. The lab demonstrates a practical application of the theory. Combined, each chapter delivers a sound understanding of the functions, features and principles behind 3ds Max 9, and shows you how to apply this knowledge to real-world situations.
Biological and Engineering Approaches to Fish Passage Problems (1998)

A combined biological and engineering approach was taken to identify and repair anadromous fish passage problems at culverted stream crossings in Clark County, Washington. Culverts were inventoried and prioritized based on biological factors. Construction cost factors were assessed and compared to the benefits of improving passage to develop a relative ranking of passage projects. Hydrologic data were developed for ungauged culvert locations and hydraulic designs were prepared using the Hydrologic Engineering Center-River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) model.
Fecal microbiota transplantation: the state of the art (2013)

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is an emerging problem in terms of incidence, morbidity and mortality. Currently available treatment options are not always effective, especially in cases of recurrent/refractory or complicated CDI. The gut microbiota transplantation is a technique that has been sporadically practiced since the '50s, but its clinical efficacy has only recently been supported by scientific evidence. In the present article, we report the pathophysiological basis and the clinical indications of this technique that, in light of its low cost, and proven efficacy and safety, is likely to become part of the management guidelines of difficult cases of CDI in the near future.
Remote nuclear quadrupole resonance in solids (1993)

A theory is developed for remote nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) in solid dielectrics with transient remote excitation of crystals for various materials and various conditions of observation. Experimental studies are made to assess the possibilities of using remote NQR and NQR introscopy. Data are presented and recommendations based on theoretical and experimental investigations are formulated for the development of devices for various purposes.
Sentiment analysis of online product reviews with Semi-supervised topic sentiment mixture model (2010)

Analysis the positive and negative sentiments about each topic of the product are very useful to the customers and manufacturers. In this paper we propose a new topic sentiment mixture model which we call Semi-supervised Co-LDA model to obtain the positive and negative opinions from the reviews about each product. The Semi-supervised Co-LDA can model the topic and sentiment of the product reviews simultaneously. The Semi-supervised Co-LDA model we proposed is a semi-supervised model, which utilizes the well-written expert reviews as labeled data. The Co-LDA model has an additional advantage that can integrate expert opinions and ordinary opinions. Empirical experiments on the online reviews datasets from CNET show that this approach is effective for topic sentiment analysis of the product. The Co-LDA model is quite general, which can be applied to many fields such as modeling opinions in weblogs, user behavior prediction.
Phase-Locked Loop for Grid-Connected Three-Phase Power Generation Systems (1999)

Analysis and design of a phase-locked loop(PLL) are presented for the power factor control of grid-connected three-phase power generation systems. The dynamic characteristics of the closed loop PLL system with a second order is investigated and the optimization method is discussed. In particular, the performance of the PLL in the three-phase system is analyzed in the distorted utility conditions such as the phase unbalancing, harmonics, and offset caused by the nonlinearities and measurement errors. The PLL technique for the three-phase system is implemented in software of a digital signal processor(DSP) to verify the analytic results and the experiments are carried out for various utility conditions. Finally, this technique is applied to the grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system with the current-controlled PWM inverter. The experimental results well show its phase tracking capability in the three-phase grid-connected operation.
Recreation as an Economic Development Strategy: Some Evidence from Utah (1996)

An examination of employment patterns in rural Utah counties suggests that those counties which primarily rely on tourism and recreation to maintain economic viability exhibit annual employment variability much greater than those counties which rely on alternative economic activity. Compared to long-run boom/bust employment cycles, which are prevalent in counties that rely on resource extraction, annual recreation and tourism employment cycles are at least as variable and of much shorter duration due to the seasonal nature of tourist visitation patterns. As a result, local infrastructure planning for an economy based on recreation and tourism will likely involve considerable fiscal stress unless counties are able to balance capital needs with inherent short-run employment variability. This may suggest a need for long-term capital finance sub-sidies to offset capital stress during peak employment seasons in some tourist-based rural economies.
Evaluation of the Effects of Inhalation Exposure to 1,3-Dichloropropene on Fetal Development in Rats and Rabbits (1987)

Evaluation of the Effects of Inhalation Exposure to 1,3-Dichloropropene on Fetal Development in Rats and Rabbits. HANLEY, T. R., Jr., JOHN-GREENE, J. A., YOUNG, J. T., CALHOUN, L. L., AND RAO, K. S. (1987). Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 8, 562–570. 1,3-Dichloropropene (DCP), which has found widespread use as a soil fumigant, was evaluated for its potential effects on embryonal and fetal development in rats and rabbits. Pregnant Fischer 344 rats and New Zealand White rabbits were exposed to 0, 20, 60, or 120 ppm of 1,3-dichloropropene for 6 hr/day during gestation Days 6–15 (rats) or 6–18 (rabbits). Exposure-related decreases in maternal weight gain and feed consumption were observed in rats at all treatment levels. Decreased weight gain was also observed among rabbits at 60 and 120 ppm. A slight, but statistically significant, increase in the incidence of delayed ossification of the vertebral centra in rats exposed in ulero to 120 ppm of DCP was considered of little toxicologic significance in light of the maternal toxicity observed at this exposure concentration. No evidence of a teratogenic or embryotoxic response was observed in either species at any exposure level tested. Thus, it was concluded that DCP was not teratogenic at exposure levels up to 120 ppm in either rats or rabbits.
The Smart 2 Speaker Blocker: An Open-Source Privacy Filter for Connected Home Speakers. (2019)

The popularity and projected growth of in-home smart speaker assistants, such as Amazon's Echo, has raised privacy concerns among consumers and privacy advocates. Notable questions regarding the collection and storage of user data by for-profit organizations include: what data is being collected and how is it being used, who has or can obtain access to such data, and how can user privacy be maintained while providing useful services. In addition to concerns regarding what the speaker manufacturer will do with your data, there are also more fundamental concerns about the security of these devices, third-party plugins, and the servers where they store recorded data. 
To address these privacy and security concerns, we introduce an intermediary device to provide an additional layer of security, which we call the \textit{smart, smart speaker blocker} or Smart\textsuperscript{2} for short. By intelligently filtering sensitive conversations, and completely blocking this information from reaching a smart speaker's microphone(s), the Smart$^2$ Speaker Blocker is an open-source, network-local (offline) smart device that provides users with decisive control over what data leaves their living room.
Antics with “Acid-Base” Semantics (1972)

Journal Article Antics with “Acid-Base” Semantics Get access Harry F. Weisberg, M.D. Harry F. Weisberg, M.D. Director, Division of Biochemistry, Department of Pathology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Milwaukee. He also is Clinical Professor of Medicine, Chicago Medical School/University of Health Sciences, Chicago; Associate Clinical Professor of Pathology and of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison; and Clinical Associate Professor of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. This article is based upon “Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance,” Williams & Wilkins Co., 3rd edition, in preparation. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Laboratory Medicine, Volume 3, Issue 9, 1 September 1972, Pages 11–35, https://doi.org/10.1093/labmed/3.9.11 Published: 01 September 1972
Comparison of 0.75% Ropivacaine with Epinephrine and 0.75% Bupivacaine with Epinephrine in Lumbar Epidural Anesthesia (1990)

Forty-three ASA physical status I and II patients, scheduled for elective urologic surgery, were randomly entered into a randomized double-blind study using 20 ml bupivacaine 0.75% or 20 ml ropivacaine 0.75%, both with 5 micrograms/ml epinephrine. Two patients were excluded from evaluation of efficacy due to technical failure. After a test dose of 3 ml bupivacaine 0.75% with epinephrine or ropivacaine 0.75% with epinephrine, 17 ml of either solution was given in incremental doses over 4 minutes (4, 4, 4, and 5 ml). Analgesia was satisfactory for surgery in all patients except for one in each group. The onset time of analgesia was short: after administration of ropivacaine and bupivacaine, the T12 dermatome was blocked within 6-8 minutes. Mean maximum upper level of analgesia was similar in the groups--T8 +/- 0.6 and T7 +/- 0.6 (mean +/- SEM)--for ropivacaine and bupivacaine, respectively. Duration of analgesia at the T10 level was 190 +/- 12 minutes in the ropivacaine group and 234 +/- 20 minutes in the bupivacaine group and was significantly shorter for ropivacaine at T10, L2, and S5 segments. Frequency of complete motor block was significantly lower in the ropivacaine group (7/21) than in the bupivacaine group (16/20). No differences were found in onset to various degrees of motor block, however, the duration of degree 1 motor block was significantly shorter in the ropivacaine group. Hypotension and bradycardia requiring treatment were experienced by seven and three patients, respectively, in the bupivacaine group, and by two and one patient, respectively, in the ropivacaine group. No postoperative adverse events related to anesthesia were observed. Ropivacaine 0.75% with epinephrine is an effective long-acting local anesthetic. Duration of sensory block is similar to that of bupivacaine 0.75% with epinephrine; however, the motor block is less profound and of shorter duration.
Bufadienolides and their antitumor activity (2011)

Covering: 1998 to July 2010
An NBD fluorophore-based sensitive and selective fluorescent probe for zinc ion (2007)

A novel NBD-derived fluorescent probe for Zn(2+) is described; the probe features ready availability, good water solubility, high sensitivity and selectivity, and ability to quantify the concentration of Zn(2+).
Fibrin assembly in human plasma and fibrinogen/albumin mixtures (1986)

Magnetic birefringence is used to monitor the kinetics of thrombin-catalyzed fibrin polymerization in model systems of increasing complexity (i.e., fibrinogen solutions, fibrinogen/albumin mixtures, and plasma anticoagulated with citrate) and in plasma containing free calcium which is the physiological condition. The introduction of albumin into fibrinogen solutions shortens the lag period and enhances fiber thickness. The polymerization progress curves are sigmoidal at zero or low albumin concentrations, but at physiological and higher concentrations, they become hyperbola-like from the end of the lag period. High albumin concentration has thus induced a change in the assembly kinetics. The progress curves from plasma in which the cascade is dormant are also hyperbola-like although they round off more quickly because of antithrombin activity. In plasma containing free calcium, thrombin is endogenously produced, and the progress curves are nearly linear; hence, the assembly kinetics are very different from those of the model systems. The curves are not influenced by calcium-dependent cross-linking involving factor XIIIa. The progress curves are also linear when polymerization is induced with Russell's viper venom, which by directly activating factor X circumvents earlier steps in the cascade. This implies that linear polymerization is caused by events posterior to factor X activation and are thus likely to be largely dependent on the functioning of the prothrombinase complex. Addition of thrombin to plasma containing free calcium reduces the lag period. At low exogenous thrombin levels, the polymerization rate is increased, and the progress curves remain linear. However, at higher levels, the curves become more complicated and, paradoxically, full polymerization takes longer.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)