gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Alkali Aluminosilicates — Materials for Alkali Contaminated Environments at High Temperatures (2012)

Alkali corrosion has become a problem in industrial furnaces especially because of the increasing use of secondary fuels. In the corroded lining material alkali aluminosilicates such as kalsilite, leucite or nepheline could be identified. According to ternary phase diagrams these substances have very high melting points which would make them suitable for high temperature applications in alkali corrosive environments. This study presents systematic synthesis experiments to produce alkali aluminosilicates by thermal (800°C, 1000°C, 1200°C) and hydrothermal (200°C) treatment starting from the nominal compositions of KAlSi 2 O 6 , KAlSiO 4 , and NaAlSiO 4 ., KOH NaOH, quartz powder, and Al(OH) 3 were used as raw materials. The phase composition was analyzed by using X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The alkali corrosion was tested using alkali salts as corrosive substances. The synthesis experiments resulted in multiphase reaction products. The hydrothermal method yielded only for the initial composition according to the stoichiometry of KAlSiO 4 crystalline phases of the same composition. The thermal method produced for all sets of synthesizing parameters mixtures of stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric alkali aluminosilicates. In the corrosion test, material of the nominal composition of KAlSiO 4 showed the best results. The material was corrosion resistant independently from the initially applied synthesizing parameters.
Host-Range Properties of Murine Xenotropic and Ecotropic Type-C Viruses (1976)

Host-range properties of xenotropic (x-tropic) and ecotropic mouse type-C viruses were determined. NB-tropic viruses replicated only in mouse and rat cells, whereas x-tropic viruses, which do not exogenously infect mouse cells, grew in cells from various other mammalian species. Great variability in susceptibilities to x-tropic viruses was demonstrated in cells from heterologous species and in cells from a single species (human). Although rat cells were susceptible to both types of viruses, hamster cells were uniformly resistant. In addition, the x-tropic viruses crossed class barriers to infect cells of avian species but not insect, fish, or reptile cells.
Graphene oxide down-regulates genes of the oxidative phosphorylation complexes in a glioblastoma (2019)

We suggest that changes in the expression of OXPHOS genes identified in our study may mediate the anti-proliferative and anti-migratory effects of graphene oxide in glioblastoma cells. However, further investigations with different cell lines, regarding expression, regulation and activity of OXPHOS genes identified in our study is necessary to elucidate the mechanism mediating the anti-proliferative and anti-migratory effects of graphene oxide in glioblastoma cells.
<title>Channel Image Intensifier Tubes</title> (1974)

In the field of direct viewing intensifiers, only one basic principle has been used with any success in approaching the theoretical limits set by photon noise. This is the principle of accelerating photo-electrons to bombard a phosphor screen. Two types of device have developed having different arithmetic.
Explicit Onset Modeling of Sinusoids Using Time Reassignment (2006)

We introduce a system that explicitly models the onsets of sinusoidal signal components. The system uses time reassignment data to detect probable onsets. When an onset is detected, the reassigned data is used to estimate the precise location in time of the original onset, allowing synthesis of the corresponding output. This is advantageous over conventional time reassignment which implicitly smears onsets. We demonstrate the efficacy of our system on synthetic and real test signals with sudden onsets.
Parenchymal and Stromal Cells Contribute to Pro-Inflammatory Myocardial Environment at Early Stages of Diabetes: Protective Role of Resveratrol (2016)

<b>Background:</b> Little information is currently available concerning the relative contribution of cardiac parenchymal and stromal cells in the activation of the pro-inflammatory signal cascade, at the initial stages of diabetes. Similarly, the effects of early resveratrol (RSV) treatment on the negative impact of diabetes on the different myocardial cell compartments remain to be defined. <b>Methods:</b> In vitro challenge of neonatal cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts to high glucose and in vivo/ex vivo experiments on a rat model of Streptozotocin-induced diabetes were used to specifically address these issues. <b>Results:</b> In vitro data indicated that, besides cardiomyocytes, neonatal fibroblasts contribute to generating initial changes in the myocardial environment, in terms of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. These findings were mostly confirmed at the myocardial tissue level in diabetic rats, after three weeks of hyperglycemia. Specifically, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and Fractalkine were up-regulated and initial abnormalities in cardiomyocyte contractility occurred. At later stages of diabetes, a selective enhancement of pro-inflammatory macrophage M1 phenotype and a parallel reduction of anti-inflammatory macrophage M2 phenotype were associated with a marked disorganization of cardiomyocyte ultrastructural properties. RSV treatment inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokine production, leading to a recovery of cardiomyocyte contractile efficiency and a reduced inflammatory cell recruitment. <b>Conclusion:</b> Early RSV administration could inhibit the pro-inflammatory diabetic milieu sustained by different cardiac cell types.
Experiment on cross relaxation in CO&lt;inf&gt;2&lt;/inf&gt; (1972)

The details of the hole-burning process are studied experimentally and theoretically in a Doppler-broadened gain or absorption line in pure CO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> and in CO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> -N <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> mixtures contained in a test cell. The change of absorption or gain of the test cell when irradiated by a saturating laser in a <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">P</tex> transition is probed with another laser operating in one of many <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">R</tex> transitions. In this way one may determine the rate of velocity cross relaxation within a single rotational-vibrational level and the rate of cross relaxation between different rotational levels of the upper and lower vibrational states. When the probing laser shares a common upper or lower level with the saturating laser, a pip is observed in the differential absorption or gain profile at total pressures of less than 0.5 torr. At higher pressures the relaxation across the velocity profile eliminates the pip. An analysis is presented of the population distribution in the multilevel system of CO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> . Three of the relaxation rates (describing the relaxation across the velocity profile of a single level, the relaxation among rotational levels of the vibrational state, and the phenomenological relaxation rate of entry into and departure from the upper and lower vibrational states) are determined. The last of the three rates is found to be dominated by diffusion at the pressures used in the experiment.
THE INFLUENCE OF OVARIAN HORMONES ON SOME CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF THE UTERINE WASHING OF THE RAT AND RABBIT (1962)

SUMMARY Uterine washings were recovered from intact rats and rabbits at different stages of the reproductive cycle and from spayed animals, some of which were treated with ovarian hormones. The washings were analysed for several chemical constituents. In the rat at oestrus there was a marked increase in both the amount of uterine fluid and in several chemical constituents of the uterine washing (sodium, potassium, nitrogen, carbohydrate). Similar significant increases were shown in spayed rats treated with oestradiol. The uterine washing from the rabbit contained significantly greater amounts of potassium, phosphorus, nitrogen and carbohydrate during the luteal phase (pseudopregnancy) than at oestrus. These increases were confirmed in spayed groups treated with progesterone alone or with oestradiol + progesterone and also with oestradiol replacement therapy which was probably caused by excessive dosage. These findings showed that ovarian hormones affected the composition of uterine washings and their significance is discussed.
Development of Simian Retroviral Vectors for Gene Delivery (2003)

The development of retroviral gene transfer vectors has provided an effective way to deliver foreign genes into mammalian cells. This chapter will focus on the development of a simian retrovirus (SRV) gene delivery system. This includes the identification of the minimal packaging signal of a type D serogroup 2 SRV D2/RHE/OR/V1, construction of the SRV transduction and packaging vectors, generation of the SRV specific packaging cell line and production of the replication-deficient recombinant SRV.
Wide-field infrared survey explorer science payload update (2006)

The Wide Field Infrared Survey Explorer is a NASA Medium Class Explorer mission to perform an all-sky survey in four infrared wavelength bands. The science payload is a cryogenically cooled infrared telescope with four 1024<sup>2</sup> infrared focal plane arrays covering from 2.8 to 26 μm. Advances in focal plane technology and a large aperture cryogenic telescope allow an all-sky survey to be performed with high sensitivity and resolution. An efficient survey is obtained using a cryogenic scan mirror to freeze the field of view on the sky over the 9.9-second frame integration time. Mercury cadmium telluride (MCT) detectors, cooled to 32 K, are used for the two midwave channels (3.3 μm and 4.6 μm), and Si:As detectors, cooled to < 8.3 K, are used for the two long wavelength channels (12 μm and 23 μm). Cooling is provided by a two-stage solid hydrogen cryostat which provides temperatures < 17 K and < 8.3 K at the telescope and Si:As focal planes, respectively. The science payload supports operations on orbit for the seven-month baseline mission with a goal to support a 13-month extended mission, if possible. The payload recently passed CDR and is being fabricated. This paper provides a payload overview and discusses instrument requirements and performance.
S‐nitrosylation of Caveolin‐1 Cys156 Regulates Oligomer Stability and Caveolae Trafficking (2010)

Caveolin‐1 (Cav‐1) is required for caveolae formation but it also binds to signaling proteins such as endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), which generally negatively regulates their activity. Interestingly, activation of caveolae trafficking is associated with an increase in NO production. Here, we test the hypothesis that a NO feedback mechanism directly modifies the assembly and mobility of caveolae. We determined whether eNOS‐derived NO affects Cav‐1 oligomer stability by S‐nitrosylation (SNO) of Cys156 and thereby regulates vesicular trafficking. Endothelial cells stimulated with TNFα for up to 4 hr were lysed and used to measure Cav‐1 SNO by biotin‐switch assay as well as Cav‐1 oligomer stability in non‐reduced SDS PAGE gels. TNFα increased NO production and Cav‐1 SNO and also decreased Cav‐1 oligomerization, both of which were blocked by L‐NAME. We next generated Cav‐1 −/− cells expressing GFP‐tagged wild type Cav‐1 or Cys156Ser‐Cav‐1 mutant to determine the role of Cys156 in caveolin oligomerization and vesicle trafficking as characterized by immunoblot analysis and live‐cell spinning disc confocal imaging. These studies revealed that Cys156Ser‐Cav‐1 mutant‐labeled caveolae were less mobile and that oligomers were less stable compared to WT Cav‐1. Thus, S‐nitrosylation of Cav‐1 may be an important regulatory mechanism of caveolae trafficking in endothelial cells. Supported by R01 HL071626 , P01 HL060678 , and T32 HL007829.
Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) in studies of substance use. (2009)

Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) is particularly suitable for studying substance use, because use is episodic and thought to be related to mood and context. This article reviews EMA methods in substance use research, focusing on tobacco and alcohol use and relapse, where EMA has been most applied. Common EMA designs combine event-based reports of substance use with time-based assessments. Approaches to data organization and analysis have been very diverse, particularly regarding their treatment of time. Compliance with signaled assessments is often high. Compliance with recording of substance use appears good but is harder to validate. Treatment applications of EMA are emerging. EMA captures substance use patterns not measured by questionnaires or retrospective data and holds promise for substance use research.
Could Full-body Digital X-ray (LODOX-Statscan) Screening in Trauma Challenge Conventional Radiography? (2009)

Full-body radiography with LS visualizes skeletal, chest, and pelvic pathologies "all-in-one." This low-radiation technology detected chest, thoracolumbar spine, and pelvic injuries with an overall sensitivity of 62% and a specificity of 99%. Compared with figures in the literature, LS was more accurate than conventional X-rays. A prospective randomized study is warranted to support these data.
Helicobacter pylori Infection in the Remnant Stomach After Gastrectomy: With Special Reference to the Difference Between Billroth I and II Anastomoses (1998)

Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with many gastric diseases, such as peptic ulcer and gastric cancer. We examined the remnant stomach for H. pylori infection after gastrectomy for gastric cancer or peptic ulcer between October 1992 and July 1997. H. pylori DNA in the gastric juice of 109 patients [mean age 62.4 years, male/female 78/31, gastrectomy for gastric cancer 83/peptic ulcer 26, Billroth I (BI) anastomosis 72/Billroth II (BII) 37, mean postoperative interval 6.0 years] was amplified by PCR and detected by Southern blot hybridization. The serum of 135 patients was assayed by ELISA for IgG antibody against H. pylori (mean age 61.8 years, male/female 99/36, gastrectomy for gastric cancer 111/peptic ulcer 24, BI anastomosis 93/BII 42, mean postoperative interval 5.4 years). H. pylori was positive in 68/109 (62.4%) by PCR and 113/ 135 (83.7%) by ELISA. H. pylori cytotoxin gene cagA, a H. pylori virulence factor gene, was found in 15/16 (93.8%) cases by PCR. A significant difference in H. pylori positivity by PCR was found according to the type of anastomosis (BI vs. BII) but not according to age group, sex, disease (cancer or ulcer), or postoperative interval by PCR and ELISA. BII anastomosis was followed by a significantly lower rate of H. pylori infection (17/37; 45.9%) than BI anastomosis (51/72; 70.8%; p=0.01) according to the results of PCR. Moreover, some patients with BII anastomosis (3/8; 37.5%) showed positive to negative seroconversion for H. pylori infection after the operation (mean 2.47 years) according to the results of ELISA, but this phenomenon was not observed in patients with BI (0/12) anastomosis. This may reflect the role of bile reflux, which is more common in BII than BI, because bile reflux interferes with colonization by H. pylori.
Abstract model of SDN architectures enabling comprehensive performance comparisons (2015)

Software-defined Networking (SDN) is a new network architecture that decouples the control plane from the data plane. Scalability of the control plane with respect to network size and update frequency is an important problem that has been addressed by previous studies from a variety of viewpoints. However, the solutions found in these studies may be only locally optimized solutions. To find a globally optimized solution, a broader viewpoint is required: one in which various SDN architectures can be evaluated and compared. In this paper, we propose an abstract model of SDN architectures, which enables multiple SDN architectures to be compared under a unified evaluation condition, and discuss the modeling of SDN architecture and its variations to find the optimal design from a global viewpoint. We first propose a generic model of SDN architectures and derive variations in terms of composition unit (single or multiple), processing principle (sequential or parallel), or location (intra- or inter-node). We then show that existing SDN architectures can be represented as one of the variations of our abstract model with fitted parameters. Finally we discuss how variation of components affects performance and show, using message-driven simulations, that our model enables comprehensive performance comparisons of different SDN designs represented as parameterized models.
Toluidine blue O and methylene blue as endothelial redox probes in the intact lung (2000)

There is increasing evidence that the redox activities of the pulmonary endothelial surface may have important implications for the function of both lungs and blood. Because of the inherent complexity of intact organs, it can be difficult to study these activities in situ. Given the availability of appropriate indicator probes, the multiple-indicator dilution (MID) method is one approach for dealing with some aspects of this complexity. Therefore, the objectives of the present study were to 1) evaluate the potential utility of two thiazine redox indicators, methylene blue (MB) and toluidine blue O (TBO), as MID electron acceptor probes for in situ pulmonary endothelium and 2) develop a mathematical model of the pulmonary disposition of these indicators as a tool for quantifying their reduction on passage through the lungs. Experiments were carried out using isolated rabbit lungs perfused with physiological salt solution with or without plasma albumin over a range of flow rates. A large fraction of the injected TBO disappeared from the perfusate on passage through the lungs. The reduction of its oxidized, strongly polar, relatively hydrophilic blue form to its colorless, highly lipophilic reduced form was revealed by the presence of the reduced form in the venous effluent when plasma albumin was included in the perfusate. MB was also lost from the perfusate, but the fraction was considerably smaller than for TBO. A distributed-in-space-and-time model was developed to estimate the reduction rate parameter, which was approximately 29 and 1.0 ml/s for TBO and MB, respectively, and almost flow rate independent for both indicators. The results suggest the utility particularly of TBO as an electron acceptor probe for MID studies of in situ pulmonary endothelium and of the model for quantitative evaluation of the data.
Radiation-Induced Performance Decrement (2002)

This article is a brief review of performance decrement expected after low-level radiation doses (0.70 Gy or less) and after higher radiation doses. Examples are presented from both animal and human data. The data indicate that low-level radiation doses in humans are not expected to degrade performance on the battlefield. Doses higher than 1.25 Gy are likely to degrade performance. Transient performance deficits known as early transient incapacitation observed in animals and humans after large, rapidly delivered doses of ionizing radiation are discussed.
Monograph of the Mutillidae of North America (1886)

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A Sub-Millimeter Solenoid Device for Trapping Paramagnetic Microbeads (2001)

Abstract We present the design and preliminary evaluation of a paramagnetic microsphere trapping and separation device consisting of a copper solenoid wrapped around a 1.3 mm diameter glass capillary. The magnetization and subsequent dipole-dipole interaction of paramagnetic spheres under an applied magnetic field results in the formation of bead chains that persist and grow under the applied field, but quickly disperse upon field removal. The chaining of paramagnetic spheres is important to the design of magnetic-based separation devices because the viscous-drag-limited velocities of chains are typically several times larger than that of individual particles. We have performed a set of experiments designed to evaluate the performance of a sub-millimeter solenoid device including measurements of the temperature versus field strength of the device, observations of the controlled chain formation process, and preliminary observations regarding the maximum flow rate over which the bead chains can be held in place by magnetic forces. These results are applicable to the design and characterization of magnetically induced microsphere trapping and separation systems which use pressure driven flow.
Shot noise in self-assembled InAs quantum dots (2002)

We investigate the noise properties of a GaAs-AlAs-GaAs tunneling structure with embedded self-assembled InAs quantum dots in the single-electron tunneling regime. We analyze the dependence of the relative noise amplitude of the shot noise on bias voltage. We observe a nonmonotonic behavior of the Fanofactor $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ with an average value of $\ensuremath{\alpha}\ensuremath{\approx}0.8$ consistent with the asymmetry of the tunneling barriers. Reproducible fluctuations observed in $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ can be attributed to the successive participation of more and more InAs quantum dots in the tunneling current.
Fast Inline Roll‐to‐Roll Printing for Indium‐Tin‐Oxide‐Free Polymer Solar Cells Using Automatic Registration (2013)

Abstract Fast inline roll‐to‐roll printing and coating on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and barrier foil was demonstrated under ambient conditions at web speeds of 10 m min −1 for the manufacture of indium‐tin‐oxide‐free (ITO‐free) polymer solar cells comprising a 6‐layer stack: silver‐grid/PEDOT:PSS/ZnO/P3HT:PCBM/PEDOT:PSS/silver‐grid. The first and second layers were printed at the same time using inline processing at a web speed of 10 m min −1 where flexographic printing of a hexagonal silver grid comprises the first layer followed by rotary‐screen printing of a PEDOT:PSS electrode as the second layer. The third and fourth layers were slot‐die coated at the same time again using inline processing at a web speed of 10 m min −1 of firstly zinc oxide as the electron transport layer followed by P3HT:PCBM as the active layer. The first three layers (silver‐grid/PEDOT:PSS/ZnO) comprise a generally applicable ITO‐free, semitransparent, electron‐selective front electrode for inverted polymer solar cells. This electrode shows a low sheet resistance (∼10 Ω/□) and good optical transmission in the visible range (∼60 %). The solar cell stack was completed by rotary‐screen printing of a hole‐collecting PEDOT:PSS layer at 2 m min −1 and a comb‐patterned silver‐grid back electrode at the same speed. The solar cells were post processed by using fast roll‐to‐roll switching to a functional state.
Polymers at Interfaces (2005)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Adsorption of polymers Models and simulations for terminally attached chains Experimental aspects Copolymers Polymer brushes Conclusions References