gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimizing static calendar queues (2002)

The calendar queue is an important implementation of a priority queue which is particularly useful in discrete event simulators. In this paper we present an analysis of the static calendar queue which maintains N active events. A step of the discrete event simulator removes and processes the event with the smallest associated time and inserts a new event whose associated time is the time of the removed event plus a random increment with mean /spl mu/. We demonstrate that for the infinite bucket calendar queue the optimal bucket width is approximately /spl delta//sub opt/=/spl radic/(2b/c)/spl mu//N where b is the time to process an empty bucket and c the incremental time to process a list element. With bucket width chosen to be /spl delta//sub opt/, the expected time to process an event is approximately minimized at the constant c+/spl radic/(2bc)+d, where d is the fixed time to process an event. We show that choosing the number of buckets to be O(N) yields a calendar queue with performance equal to or almost equal to the performance of the infinite bucket calendar queue.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Experimental investigation of model predictive control-based rules for a radiantly cooled office (2013)

Abstract A novel hybrid approach for supervisory control was applied to a test cell with thermo-active building systems and fan-assisted natural ventilation. Model predictive control was first used to identify combined thermo-active building systems and ventilation control strategies that maximized cooling energy savings while preserving thermal comfort. A rule extraction process using classification and regression trees then yielded supervisory rules capable of reproducing nearly all of the energy and comfort benefits of the model predictive control solutions when simulated. An experimental test of the rules was conducted on the same facility, yielding 40% average cooling energy savings compared to a base case, with comparable comfort. A variety of model input mismatches, including weather, model parameters, internal gains, and imperfect weather forecasts, degraded the performance of the rule significantly under experimental conditions, and analysis suggests that energy savings could have been nearly double had these factors been eliminated. Acknowledgments Peter T. May-Ostendorp, Associate Member ASHRAE, is Principal. Gregor P. Henze, Member ASHRAE, is Professor. Balaji Rajagopalan is Professor. Doreen Kalz is Head of the Building Analysis and Energy Concepts Workgroup. Notes There are several brief periods of ventilation during which outdoor temperatures are warmer than indoor conditions. This is an artifact of the 3-h time blocking scheme used in the MPC problem formulation (Equation 1).
3-Hydroxymethyl-1-(5-nitrofurfurylideneamino)hydantoin<sup>1</sup> (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT3-Hydroxymethyl-1-(5-nitrofurfurylideneamino)hydantoin1Claude F. Spencer and Julian G. MichelsCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1964, 29, 11, 3416–3418Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01034a512https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01034a512research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views76Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Development of an Information System for Multicenter Epidemiologic Studies on Cancer (2007)

Cancer is caused by a variety of factors whose study requires a large amount of data. Compiling these data is an expensive and time-consuming task which can be carried out in a better way with the support of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). However, most epidemiologic studies take place without this support of informatics or with basic tools that are developed by unqualified professionals. As a consequence, the integrity of the compiled data cannot be guaranteed, and the reliability of the studies is affected. This work presents an Information System (IS) for the development of multicenter epidemiologic studies on cancer which has been successfully applied to the execution of an epidemiologic study of colorectal cancer in Galicia, Spain.
Origins of Stereoselectivity in Strain‐Release Allylations (2004)

Das Experiment erklärt: Die Übergangszustände einer konzertierten asymmetrischen Allylierung (siehe Schema) wurden mit theoretischen Methoden untersucht. Der apikale Angriff des Aldehyd-Sauerstoffatoms auf Si, begleitet von einer Minimierung der elektrostatischen Abstoßung im trigonal-bipyramidalen Übergangszustand, führt zu hoher Stereoselektivität. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2005/z462130_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Effects of Synchronization Error on Space Time Block Codes Equipped with FSK Waveforms (2009)

ITC/USA 2009 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Fifth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 26-29, 2009 / Riviera Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada
ChemInform Abstract: Experimental Investigation of a Porous Carbon Electrode for the Removal of Mercury from Contaminated Brine. (1986)

Abstract It is demonstrated that a flow‐through porous electrode made of reticulated vitreous carbon (RVC) can be a very effective device for the removal of Hg contamination in brine solution.
Unsaturated fatty acids suppress interleukin‐2 production and transferrin receptor expression by concanavalin A‐stimulated rat Iymphocytes (1992)

The proliferation of T-lymphocytes is dependent upon their ability to synthesize and secrete the cytokine, interleukin-2, and to express cell surface receptors for interleukin-2 and transferrin. We have previously reported that certain fatty acids inhibit mitogen-stimulated T-lymphocyte proliferation. We now report that unsaturated fatty acids decrease the concentration of interleukin-2 in the culture medium of such cells by up to 45%. This suggests that unsaturated fatty acids inhibit lymphocyte proliferation by suppressing interleukin-2 production. However, lymphocyte proliferation was only partially restored by addition of exogenous interleukin-2 to cell culture medium in the presence of unsaturated fatty acids, indicating that these fatty acids also affect other processes involved in the control of proliferation. Saturated fatty acids, which also inhibit lymphocyte proliferation, did not affect the interleukin-2 concentration in the culture medium suggesting a different mechanism for their action. Neither saturated nor unsaturated fatty acids affected the expression of the interleukin-2 receptor by mitogenstimulated lymphocytes. In contrast, unsaturated fatty acids decreased expression of the transferrin receptor by up to 50%. These observations suggest that the mechanism by which unsaturated fatty acids inhibit lymphocyte proliferation involves suppression of interleukin-2 production and of transferrin receptor expression. The mechanism for the inhibitory action of saturated fatty acids is not clear.
Longitudinal Stability Evaluation of Biomarkers and Their Correlation in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma from Patients with Alzheimer's Disease (2012)

There is an increasing demand for biomarkers in clinical treatment trials to demonstrate target engagement and to support disease modification claims. To be able to detect treatment related effects, a prerequisite is that the levels of the biomarker are stable over time or that the change over time is known. In the present study, the stability of α- and β-cleaved soluble amyloid-β protein precursor (sAβPPα and sAβPPβ), Aβ1-40 together with the phosphorylated form of neurofilament heavy/medium (pNfH/M) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was analyzed in a cohort of 51 patients with Alzheimer's disease. In addition, the stability of Aβ1-40, Aβ1-42, and sAβPPβ in plasma was explored. Plasma and CSF was sampled at baseline and after 6-months follow up, and all patients were on stable treatment with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. During this 6-month longitudinal follow-up, we saw a small, but consistent and statistically significant increase in CSF levels of sAβPPβ (103% of baseline levels) and a statistically significant decrease in the CSF levels of pNfH/M (91% of baseline levels). The mean level of the CSF biomarkers were very stable between baseline and endpoint, with within-patients coefficients of variation (CVs) of 5.84-17.3%, while the variability was larger for the plasma biomarkers, with CVs of 14.1-42.3%. This stability suggests that these biomarkers may have the potential to detect and monitor biochemical changes induced by disease-modifying drugs.
Conversion of a Stoneley wave at the extremity of a fluid loaded plate (1997)

A theoretical model, based on mode theory, is presented in order to study the behavior of the Stoneley wave when it reaches the extremity of a thick plate immersed in a liquid. The superposition of two phenomena is established: the first one being the simple forward diffraction of the Stoneley wave in the liquid and the second one being its conversion into two generalized Rayleigh waves which propagate on the same plane as the incident Stoneley wave or along the vertical end face of the solid support. The theoretical analysis is in good agreement with the experimental observations of Tinel [Ph.D. Thesis, Université Le Havre, France (1991)].
Resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae (2009)

Streptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumococcus) has been an important human pathogen for over 100 years and continues to cause a wide variety of infections, ranging from mild infections to serious lower respiratory infections, as well as life-threatening invasive infections such as meningitis. It is the most common bacterial cause of acute otitis media and pneumonia and an important cause of childhood mortality. The World Health Organization estimates that more than 1.6 million people die every year from pneumococcal infections – primarily pneumonia and meningitis – including more that 800,000 children under 5 years of age (1). As well as affecting the young, S. pneumoniae is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly; it is the most common etiological agent of community-acquired pneumonia, often resulting in hospitalization of previously healthy individuals.
Azobilirubin isomers: NMR structure determination using a shift reagent (1976)

Abstract The isomeric benzeneazodipyrromethene derivatives, obtained from the reaction of bilirubin and a phenyldiazonium salt were separated as their corresponding methyl esters. The lanthanide‐induced chemical shifts, coupling constants and double irradiation experiments permit direct assignment of methyl and vinyl substituent positions in these bilirubin‐derived isomers.
Metabolite profiling of doenjang, fermented soybean paste, during fermentation (2010)

A set of metabolites could be determined representing the quality of doenjang during fermentation, and which might also be correlated with taste ingredients, flavour, nutrition, and physiology activities that are claimed to be dependent on the quality control of commercial doenjang.
Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu solder joints lifetime estimation for electronic assemblies under random vibration (2008)

1-4 septembre 2008
Selective deprotection of trialkylsilyl ethers using fluorosilicic acid (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelective deprotection of trialkylsilyl ethers using fluorosilicic acidAnthony S. Pilcher, David K. Hill, Stephen J. Shimshock, Robert E. Waltermire, and Philip DeShongCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 8, 2492–2495Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00034a057https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00034a057research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1002Altmetric-Citations59LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Synthesis of 2-deoxy-α- and -β-<scp>D</scp>-arabino-hexopyranosyl phosphonic acids and related compounds; analogues of early intermediates in the shikimate pathway (1996)

Treatment of 1-O-acetyl-3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-D-arabino-hexopyranose 18 with trimethyl phosphite in the presence of trimethylsilyl triflate gave a separable mixture of dimethyl (3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-α-D-arabino-hexopyranosyl)phosphonate 19 (35%) and the β-anomer 20 (60%). The diethyl analogue of compound 20 could be prepared stereoselectively from tributyl (3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-β-D-arabino-hexopyranosyl)stannane 21 and diethyl chlorophosphate.Reaction of 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-D-arabino-hexopyranose 23 with trimethyl phosphite and trimethylsilyl triflate gave dimethyl (3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-α-D-arabino-hexopyranosyl)phosphonate 25 and the β-anomer 27 with some α-selectivity. Deprotection of compounds 25 and 27 gave the phosphonic acids 11 and 12 respectively. The esters 25 and 27 could be converted into methyl 3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-1-(dimethoxyphosphoryl)-β-D-arabino-hexopyranoside 31 by free-radical bromination followed by methanolysis, and diethyl [3,4,6-tri-O-(tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)-2-deoxy-D-arabino-hex-1-enopyranosyl]phosphonate 33 was prepared by interaction of the 1-lithioglucal with diethyl chlorophosphate.Metallation of stannane 21 and reaction with methyl chloroformate gave methyl 2,6-anhydro-4,5,7-tri-O-benzyl-3-deoxy-D-gluco-heptonate 35 which could be alkylated with tert-butyl bromoacetate to give, after deprotection, 3,7-anhydro-3-carboxy-2,4-dideoxy-D-gluco-octonic acid 14.
Randomised controlled trial comparing early migration of two collarless polished cemented stems using radiostereometric analysis (2010)

This was a safety study where the hypothesis was that the newer-design CPCS femoral stem would demonstrate similar early clinical results and micromovement to the well-established Exeter stem. Both are collarless, tapered, polished cemented stems, the only difference being a slight lateral to medial taper with the CPCS stem. A total of 34 patients were enrolled in a single-blinded randomised controlled trial in which 17 patients received a dedicated radiostereometric CPCS stem and 17 a radiostereometric Exeter stem. No difference was found in any of the outcome measures pre-operatively or post-operatively between groups. At two years, the mean subsidence for the CPCS stem was nearly half that seen for the Exeter stem (0.77 mm (-0.943 to 1.77) and 1.25 mm (0.719 to 1.625), respectively; p = 0.032). In contrast, the mean internal rotation of the CPCS stem was approximately twice that of the Exeter (1.61 degrees (-1.07 degrees to 4.33 degrees ) and 0.59 degrees (0.97 degrees to 1.64 degrees ), respectively; p = 0.048). Other migration patterns were not significantly different between the stems. The subtle differences in designs may explain the different patterns of migration. Comparable migration with the Exeter stem suggests that the CPCS design will perform well in the long term.
A Model for Solving the Maxwell Quasi Stationary Equations in a 3-Phase Electric Reduction Furnace (1982)

A computer code has been developed for the approximate computation of electric and magnetic fields within an electric reduction furnace. The paper describes the numerical methods used to solve Maxwell's quasi-stationary equations, which are the governing equations for this problem. The equations are discretized by a staggered grid finite difference technique. The resulting algebraic equations are solved by iterating between computations of electric and magnetic quantities. This 'outer' iteration converges only when the skin depth is larger or of about the same magnitude as the linear dimensions of the computational domain. In solving for electric quantities with magnetic quantities being regarded as known, and vice versa, the central computational task is the solution of a Poisson equation for a scalar potential. These equations are solved by line successive overrelaxation combined with a rebalancing technique.
ChemInform Abstract: NOVEL STEREOSPECIFIC SYN ADDITION OF IODINE AZIDE TO A STRAINED CYCLOBUTENE (TRICYCLO(4,2,2,0(2,5))DECA‐3,7‐DIENE DERIVATIVE) (1975)

Abstract Aus dem Tricyclo‐decadien (I) erhält man mit Jodazid (II) die Addukte (III) und (IV).
Control of Cytotoxic Lymphocyte Survival in Vivo By Members of the TNF-R Family (2001)

This article has no abstract.
Total Synthesis of Gambierol, a Marine Polycyclic Ether (2003)

The first total synthesis of gambierol, a marine polycyclic ether toxin, has been achieved. Highly efficient synthesis of the ABC and EFGH ring fragments allowed us to prepare those two advanced intermediates in multi-gram quantities. The key feature of the present total synthesis is the B-alkyl Suzuki-Miyaura coupling tactics, which culminated in the union of the advanced intermediates and convergent synthesis of the octacyclic polyether core. Introduction of the sensitive triene side chain via Pd (PPh3) 4/CuCl/LiCl-promoted Stille coupling was conducted at the final step of the synthesis.The present total synthesis supplied useful quantities of gambierol and its structural analogues for detailed biological studies : an interesting observation was gained through pathological studies. Also, preliminary structure-activity relationship studies revealed that the functionalities present in the H ring and unsaturated side chain are crucial for potent toxicity against mice.
Session details: SIGGRAPH Core: Advanced material appearance modeling (2008)

No abstract available.
Roles of Arg427 and Arg472 in the Binding and Allosteric Effects of Acetyl CoA in Pyruvate Carboxylase (2012)

Mutation of Arg427 and Arg472 in Rhizobium etli pyruvate carboxylase to serine or lysine greatly increased the activation constant (K(a)) of acetyl CoA, with the increase being greater for the Arg472 mutants. These results indicate that while both these residues are involved in the binding of acetyl CoA to the enzyme, Arg472 is more important than Arg427. The mutations had substantially smaller effects on the k(cat) for pyruvate carboxylation. Part of the effects of the mutations was to increase the K(m) for MgATP and the K(a) for activation by free Mg(2+) determined at saturating acetyl CoA concentrations. The inhibitory effects of the mutations on the rates of the enzyme-catalyzed bicarbonate-dependent ATP cleavage, carboxylation of biotin, and phosphorylation of ADP by carbamoyl phosphate indicate that the major locus of the effects of the mutations was in the biotin carboxylase (BC) domain active site. Even though both Arg427 and Arg472 are distant from the BC domain active site, it is proposed that their contacts with other residues in the allosteric domain, either directly or through acetyl CoA, affect the positioning and orientation of the biotin-carboxyl carrier protein (BCCP) domain and thus the binding of biotin at the BC domain active site. On the basis of the kinetic analysis proposed here, it is proposed that mutations of Arg427 and Arg472 perturb these contacts and consequently the binding of biotin at the BC domain active site. Inhibition of pyruvate carboxylation by the allosteric inhibitor l-aspartate was largely unaffected by the mutation of either Arg427 or Arg472.
Rearrangeable nonblocking Log/sub 2d/ (N, m, p) networks (1994)

Previously, a new class of switching networks, called Log/sub 2/ (N, m, p) networks, has been created for high-speed switching systems. The basic switching element used is a 2/spl times/2 crossbar. Although it is generally true that different sizes of switching elements can be used as the basic building block for the same design paradigm, the results are quite different. The sizes of the basic building block are often a trade-off among many factors such as combinatorial power, computation time of routing, fault tolerance, hardware complexity, and growth rate of a network. The authors study the design principle for Log/sub 2d/ (N, m, p) systems in this paper where d/spl ges/1.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Transport of macroparticles in magnetized plasma ducts (1996)

The cathode spot of a vacuum are produces a highly ionized energetic plasma jet of vaporized cathode material which may be directed to a substrate to form a high-quality coating or thin film, and a spray of molten droplets, referred to as macroparticles (MPs). The plasma flux can be concentrated by magnetic collimation, while the MP spray can be filtered from the plasma jet by guiding the plasma around an obstacle using a magnetic field. In the present work, the motion of the individual electrically charged MP in the straight and quarter torus plasma guides is studied, taking into account MP charging by interaction with the plasma. The influence of the electric field in the plasma, which depends on the magnetic field, on the charged MP motion is calculated. The fraction of the MPs transmitted through the toroidal plasma guide was calculated as a function of the wall potential and MP velocity for different minor to major torus radius ratios r/R. The guide wall potential has a strong effect on the transmission of MPs having velocities in the 25-100 m/s range. In the case in which r/R=0.1, with the duct at floating potential, the fraction of the MPs transmitted through the torus approaches 100% for 0.1 /spl mu/m Ti MPs having an initial velocity parallel to the duct wall. The main mechanism of MP transmission through curved ducts is repeated electrostatic reflection of the charged MP from the wall. The calculation of the MP transmission through the magnetized straight duct was compared with experiment, where a significant reduction of the MPs was obtained with an increasing of the axial magnetic field. The calculated MP transmission was close to that previously measured for 0.1 /spl mu/m MPs with 70 m/s and for 0.5 /spl mu/m MPs with 20 m/s directed velocities.