gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimal design of a wireless power transfer link using parallel and series resonators (2016)

The optimal design problem for a wireless power transfer link based on a resonant inductive coupling is addressed in this paper. It is assumed that the magnetic coupling coefficient and the inductor quality factors are known. By employing the conjugate image impedances, the values of the inductances realizing the optimal design with respect to given values of the network input and load impedances are derived. It is demonstrated that there is just one optimal design maximizing both the power delivered to the load and the power transfer efficiency of the link. The four possible schemes corresponding to the use of a parallel or a series arrangement for the two coupled resonators (Parallel-Parallel, Series-Series, Parallel-Series, and Series-Parallel) are considered and discussed. Closed form analytical formulas are derived and validated by circuital simulations.
Growth responses of crop plants to fish soluble nutrients fertilization (1984)

The utilization of fish wastes in the form of fish soluble nutrients (FSN) for agricultural crop plants fertilization was investigated over the past 7 years as an aid to the Virginia seafood industry threatened by the waste disposal problem. Controlled greenhouse and field experiments involving a broad selection of both food and nonfood crops have substantiated the ancient belief that fish and its byproducts have beneficial effects on plant growth. The investigations showed that FSN contains all the inorganic and organic substances needed for plant growth but does not provide a balanced source of nutrients for all crop species. By a proper selection of crop plant and fertilization with moderately dilute (4.0 to 16.0 ml FSN concentrate 1- 1 water) solutions, FSN have proven to be of benefit for the growing of several plants. Indoor crops grown in pots benefited more from FSN fertilization than did field-grown crops. FSN were found to retard reproductive development of plants and to delay plant aging. How F$N cause these growth processes is unknown and merit additional study.
Priming of new associations: a PET study (2003)

Cognitive properties of associative priming are different from those of the non-associative priming. We examined areas associated with associative priming to understand its cortical processing. After subjects had studied pairs of unrelated words, they were shown one of the studied words and a 3-letter word-stem that could be completed using either the word that was paired with the presented studied word (same context), or with a different word (different context). As compared to the fixation, both conditions elicited increased activations in the left prefrontal and decreased activation in the extrastriate cortex. Medial temporal lobe was activated only in the same-context condition. This finding helps to understand why associative priming is impaired in some amnesic patients.
Growth Hormone and Thyroxine: Effects on Submaxillary Gland of Hypophysectomized Rat. (1959)

Submaxillary glands of hypophysectomized male albino rats injected with growth hormone and thyroxine, both alone and in combination, were studied histologically and enzymatically. Growth hormone and thyroxine separately were only partially effective in preventing hypophysectomy-induced enzymatic and histologic changes in the submaxillary salivary gland. The 2 hormones when administerd together, however, maintained normal histologic and enzymatic activity. These results are comparable to those previously reported utilizing testosterone and thyroxine in combination. Apparently the stimulatory action of thyroxine upon the submaxillary gland function may be enhanced by simultaneous administration of either testosterone or growth hormone, both of which are deficient in the hypophysectomized animal.
ChemInform Abstract: Combined 3D‐QSAR Modeling and Molecular Docking Study on Indolinone Derivatives as Inhibitors of 3‐Phosphoinositide‐Dependent Protein Kinase‐1. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Reducing Delay in Seeking Treatment by Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome and Stroke (2006)

Patient delay in seeking treatment for acute coronary syndrome and stroke symptoms is the major factor limiting delivery of definitive treatment in these conditions. Despite decades of research and public education campaigns aimed at decreasing patient delay times, most patients still do not seek treatment in a timely manner. In this scientific statement, we summarize the evidence that (1) demonstrates the benefits of early treatment, (2) describes the extent of the problem of patient delay, (3) identifies the factors related to patient delay in seeking timely treatment, and (4) reveals the inadequacies of our current approaches to decreasing patient delay. Finally, we offer suggestions for clinical practice and future research.
Adaptive Equalization of Nonlinear Time Varying-Channels using Radial Basis Network (2006)

The paper investigates adaptive equalization of nonlinear time varying digital communication channel. An architecture of equalization was proposed based on the Bayesian theory (R. Assaf et al., 2005) where an implementation by radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) was accomplished. We treated the equalization of binary transmission signal through dispersive nonlinear time varying channel. The hybrid training algorithm is used. For the supervised part, it uses the sequential LMS algorithm which has a good convergence over batch LMS algorithm. For the unsupervised part, the rival penalized competitive learning method is used, with the LBG algorithm for the initial values. The performance of the equalizer is compared with the Bayesian equalizer which has the optimal parameters
Information theoretic evaluation of a noiseband-based cochlear implant simulator (2016)

Noise-band vocoders are often used to simulate the signal processing algorithms used in cochlear implants (CIs), producing acoustic stimuli that may be presented to normal hearing (NH) subjects. Such evaluations may obviate the heterogeneity of CI user populations, achieving greater experimental control than when testing on CI subjects. However, it remains an open question whether advancements in algorithms developed on NH subjects using a simulator will necessarily improve performance in CI users. This study assessed the similarity in vowel identification of CI subjects and NH subjects using an 8-channel noise-band vocoder simulator configured to match input and output frequencies or to mimic output after a basalward shift of input frequencies. Under each stimulus condition, NH subjects performed the task both with and without feedback/training. Similarity of NH subjects to CI users was evaluated using correct identification rates and information theoretic approaches. Feedback/training produced higher rates of correct identification, as expected, but also resulted in error patterns that were closer to those of the CI users. Further evaluation remains necessary to determine how patterns of confusion at the token level are affected by the various parameters in CI simulators, providing insight into how a true CI simulation may be developed to facilitate more rapid prototyping and testing of novel CI signal processing and electrical stimulation strategies.
Reflections on software research (1984)

Can the circumstances that existed in Bell Labs that nurtured the UNIX project be produced again ?
A RNA polymerase with transcriptional activity at 0°C from the Antarctic bacterium <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> (1999)

A DNA-dependent RNA polymerase was purified from the Antarctic psychrotrophic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae. The RNA polymerase showed a typical eubacterial subunit composition with beta, beta', alpha2 and sigma subunits. The subunits cross-reacted with antibodies raised against holoenzyme and the individual subunits of the RNA polymerase of Escherichia coli. However, the enzyme was considered unique, since unlike the RNA polymerase of mesophilic E. coli it exhibited significant and consistent transcriptional activity (10-15%) even at 0 degrees C. But, similar to the enzyme from the mesophilic bacterium, the RNA polymerase from P. syringae exhibited optimum activity at 37 degrees C. The study also demonstrates that the RNA polymerase of P. syringae could preferentially transcribe the cold-inducible gene cspA of E. coli only at lower temperatures (0-22 degrees C). The polymerase was also observed to be relatively more rifampicin-resistant during transcription at lower temperature.
Role of Tyr Residues in the Contact Region of Anti-lysozyme Monoclonal Antibody HyHEL10 for Antigen Binding (1995)

It has been shown that Tyr residues are unusually localized in the regions of antibodies responsible for contact with antigens (Padlan, E. A. (1990) Proteins Struct. Funct. Genet. 7, 112-124). In order to clarify the role of these Tyr residues in antigen binding, the interaction between hen egg white lysozyme (HEL) and its monoclonal antibody HyHEL10, whose structure has been well studied in complex with its antigen, was investigated. Four Tyr residues in the VH chain (HTyr-33, HTyr-50, HTyr-53, and HTyr-58) were replaced with Ala, Leu, Phe, or Trp, and the interactions between these mutant Fv fragments and HEL were studied by inhibition assay of the enzymatic activity of HEL and isothermal titration calorimetry. Twelve mutant Fv fragments could be expressed, but two mutants (HY50W and HY58W) could not be obtained in the Escherichia coli expression system, and a further two mutants (HY33A and HY50A) could not be purified by affinity chromatography. It was shown by inhibition assay that Tyr residues at each mutated site made positive contributions to the interaction to different degrees. Thermodynamic studies showed that the role of Tyr residues in antigen binding was to obtain enthalpic energy. The roles of Tyr residues in antibody HyHEL10 for the association with antigen, HEL, can be summarized as follows: 1) formation of hydrogen bonds by the hydroxyl group, 2), creating more favorable interactions through the aromatic ring and decreasing the entropic loss upon binding, and 3) allowing hydrophobic interaction through the side chain. The four Tyr residues studied here were found to play significant roles in the association in various ways.
Synthesis and Preclinical Characterization of a Paclitaxel Prodrug with Improved Antitumor Activity and Water Solubility (2001)

The development of novel chemotherapy strategies based on prodrugs remains a major challenge for effective treatment of malignancies. We tested the hypothesis that this can be achieved by a prodrug of paclitaxel where one biologically active center, represented by the C7 hydroxyl group, was blocked by a dihydroxypropyl side chain which can be hydrolytically cleaved by a pH-dependent, slow-release mechanism. The prodrug was synthesized by condensation of solketal chloroformate with the C7 hydroxyl group of paclitaxel followed by a ring-opening reaction to the dihydroxyl derivative. The cytotoxicity of the prodrug was similar to paclitaxel, when tested in vitro against a variety of human tumor cell lines. In vitro cell cycle analysis indicated that concentrations within the micromolar range of both drug and prodrug are required to induce sufficient G2M arrest. The hydrophilic paclitaxel prodrug proved to be more than 50-fold more water soluble than the parental drug and effectively converted to paclitaxel by pH dependent hydrolysis. Importantly, the prodrug could be used at a 3-fold higher maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and revealed a markedly improved antitumor activity in mice compared to paclitaxel. Taken together, our results demonstrate, that a hydrolytically activated paclitaxel prodrug exhibits greater water solubility and superior antitumor activity than the parental drug.
Maximal perturbation bound for Hurwitz property, of analytic functions (1992)

The robust stability problem for a family of analytic functions subjected to structured perturbations is studied. In particular, the maximal allowable perturbation bound on the system parameters is characterized.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Development and Characterization of Immortalized Cerebral Endothelial Cell Lines (2003)

Several groups have reported the isolation and in vitro pharmacological characterization of brain microvessel endothelial cells (BMECs) of various origins: bovine, porcine, murine, or human (1–3). Brain capillaries are almost completely ensheathed by astrocyte processes, which are believed to provide the cerebral endothelium with specific stimuli responsible for the development and maintenance of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) phenotype (4). Considering that the absence of such environmental stimuli might prevent BMECs from retaining in culture the fully differentiated phenotype of the BBB found in vivo, some investigators have proposed a co-culture system where BMECs are grown in the presence of primary astrocytes or astrocyte-conditioned medium. In these experimental conditions, in vitro models of the BBB, essentially based on bovine or porcine BMECs, have been both proposed and validated (5,6). However, a number of drawbacks still limit the extensive use of these models in basic research and in drug-screening processes: 1) their use is time consuming and needs a considerable know-how which may hamper their routine use in nonexpert laboratories, 2) most available models are based on bovine or porcine BMECs, which may constitute a serious limitation for immunological studies or for studies with species-specific bacterial pathogens like Neisseria meningitidis or viruses like HIV and HTLV-I, and 3) BMECs rapidly de-differentiate in vitro, losing the characteristics of BBB endothelial cells after a few passages in culture, which limits their use for biochemical or pharmacological studies.
Détermination des caractéristiques thermodynamiques d'un plasma d'hydrogène (1965)

Le calcul des propriétés thermodynamiques d'un plasma d'hydrogène partiellement ionisé à 0 ≤ T ≤ 25 000 °K et 10-2 ≤ p ≤ 100 atm, supposé être en équilibre thermodynamique, nécessite la connaissance : 1) du nombre de termes significatifs n* de la somme d'état , électronique Zel des particules neutres et des ions ; 2) de l'énergie d'interaction entre ions. L'examen des résultats, obtenus en limitant Zel à l'aide de cinq théories différentes et en adoptant un potentiel du type « Debye » pour évaluer l'énergie d'interaction, permet de montrer qu'aux températures et pressions considérées, la composition, l'enthalpie et l'entropie peuvent être calculées d'une façon simple, avec des incertitudes relatives inférieures à 5 % en adoptant, pour calculer n*, le modèle de sphères rigides proposé par Gurvich et Kvlividze.
Isolation and expression of the Bradyrhizobium japonicum adenylate cyclase gene (cya) in Escherichia coli (1984)

A 5.0-kilobase-pair HindIII fragment of Bradyrhizobium japonicum DNA containing the cya gene which encodes adenylate cyclase was isolated as an insert in pBR322, using marker rescue of the maltose-negative phenotype of an Escherichia coli cya mutant for identification. The isolated B. japonicum DNA fragment was capable of reversing the pleiotropic phenotype of cya mutations when inserted in either orientation in the HindIII site of pBR322. The complemented E. coli strains produced high levels of cyclic AMP. No sequence homology between the B. japonicum cya gene and that of E. coli was detected by hybridization analysis.
Identification of ovarian granulosa cells as a novel site of expression for bone morphogenetic protein-3 (BMP-3/osteogenin) and regulation of BMP-3 messenger ribonucleic acids by chorionic gonadotropin in cultured human granulosa-luteal cells. (1996)

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) belong structurally to the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily comprising several growth and differentiation factors such as inhibin, activin, and Müllerian inhibitory factor that regulate ovarian function. We studied here the potential expression of BMP-2, -3, and -4 messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in isolated human granulosa cells obtained at oocyte retrieval for in vitro fertilization. Freshly isolated granulosa cells were found to express BMP-3 (also known as osteogenin) mRNAs but not those of BMP-2 or -4. The BMP-3 transcripts were detected with RT-PCR amplification followed by Southern blot hybridization, as well as by Northern and dot blot hybridization analyses. To investigate whether BMP-3 mRNAs are hormonally regulated, cultures of human granulosa-luteal (GL) cells were treated with different concentrations of purified human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) at varying stages of culture. hCG decreased BMP-3 mRNA levels from the first day of the culture up to day 5. Time-dependence studies showed that a clear decrease in BMP-3 mRNA levels was evident at 24 h after hCG treatment, and that the effect of hCG was concentration dependent with 3 ng/mL hCG decreasing significantly (P < 0.05) BMP-3 mRNA levels. Furthermore, the cAMP analog, 8-bromo-cAMP (8-Br-cAMP), which activates protein kinase-A, and 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, an activator of protein kinase-C, both markedly decreased BMP-3 mRNA levels in an 8-h treatment. We conclude that: 1) BMP-3 mRNAs are expressed in human granulosa cells; 2) their steady state levels are hormonally regulated in cultured human GL cells as evidenced by the ability of hCG to markedly decrease BMP-3 transcript levels; and (3) that activation of both protein kinase-A-and protein kinase-C-mediated signaling pathways also results in a decrease in BMP-3 mRNA levels in GL cells. We suggest that BMP-3, like several other members of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily, is a potential local regulator of female gonadal function.
Dissolution process and rate in feldspar: Effects of crystallographic orientation. (1996)

The effects of crystal orientation and dislocation density on the dissolution rates of feldspar (labradorite, Or2Ab44An54) were investigated, where three crystallographically different orientations were considered. The single crystal was prepared so as to have one predominant crystallographic face and then it was hydrothermally treated in acid solution at 90°C, 120°C and 150°C. The dissolution from (100) was the fastest of three orientations, and the rates of dissolution from (010) and (001) were almost the same. According to the SEM observations, small etch pits on (100) were arranged along two directions, and those on (010) and (001) were arranged along the cleavage. The dissolution on the plane normal to cleavage is faster than that on the plane parallel to it. Therefore, the microtextures such as cleavage and twinning play a more important role than the structural characteristics in the dissolution of labradorite.
Two-Aperture Microfluidic Probes as Flow Dipoles: Theory and Applications (2015)

A microfluidic probe (MFP) is a mobile channel-less microfluidic system under which a fluid is injected from an aperture into an open space, hydrodynamically confined by a surrounding fluid, and entirely re-aspirated into a second aperture. Various MFPs have been developed, and have been used for applications ranging from surface patterning of photoresists to local perfusion of organotypic tissue slices. However, the hydrodynamic and mass transfer properties of the flow under the MFP have not been analyzed, and the flow parameters are adjusted empirically. Here, we present an analytical model describing the key transport properties in MFP operation, including the dimensions of the hydrodynamic flow confinement (HFC) area, diffusion broadening, and shear stress as a function of: (i) probe geometry (ii) aspiration-to-injection flow rate ratio (iii) gap between MFP and substrate and (iv) reagent diffusivity. Analytical results and scaling laws were validated against numerical simulations and experimental results from published data. These results will be useful to guide future MFP design and operation, notably to control the MFP "brush stroke" while preserving shear-sensitive cells and tissues.
Comparing and Evaluating epoll, select, and poll Event Mechanisms (2004)

This paper uses a high-performance, event-driven, HTTP server (the server) to compare the performance of the select, poll, and epoll event mechanisms. We subject the server to a variety of workloads that allow us to expose the relative strengths and weaknesses of each event mechanism. Interestingly, initial results show that the se-lect and poll event mechanisms perform com-parably to the epoll event mechanism in the absence of idle connections. Profiling data shows a significant amount of time spent ex-ecuting a large number of epoll_ctl sys-tem calls. As a result, we examine a variety of techniques for reducing epoll_ctl over-head including edge-triggered notification, and introducing a new system call (epoll_ctlv) that aggregates several epoll_ctl calls into a single call. Our experiments indicate that al-though these techniques are successful at re-ducing epoll_ctl overhead, they only im-prove performance slightly. 1
Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Sequester High Prion Titres at Early Stages of Prion Infection (2012)

In most transmissible spongiform encephalopathies prions accumulate in the lymphoreticular system (LRS) long before they are detectable in the central nervous system. While a considerable body of evidence showed that B lymphocytes and follicular dendritic cells play a major role in prion colonization of lymphoid organs, the contribution of various other cell types, including antigen-presenting cells, to the accumulation and the spread of prions in the LRS are not well understood. A comprehensive study to compare prion titers of candidate cell types has not been performed to date, mainly due to limitations in the scope of animal bioassays where prohibitively large numbers of mice would be required to obtain sufficiently accurate data. By taking advantage of quantitative in vitro prion determination and magnetic-activated cell sorting, we studied the kinetics of prion accumulation in various splenic cell types at early stages of prion infection. Robust estimates for infectious titers were obtained by statistical modelling using a generalized linear model. Whilst prions were detectable in B and T lymphocytes and in antigen-presenting cells like dendritic cells and macrophages, highest infectious titers were determined in two cell types that have previously not been associated with prion pathogenesis, plasmacytoid dendritic (pDC) and natural killer (NK) cells. At 30 days after infection, NK cells were more than twice, and pDCs about seven-fold, as infectious as lymphocytes respectively. This result was unexpected since, in accordance to previous reports prion protein, an obligate requirement for prion replication, was undetectable in pDCs. This underscores the importance of prion sequestration and dissemination by antigen-presenting cells which are among the first cells of the immune system to encounter pathogens. We furthermore report the first evidence for a release of prions from lymphocytes and DCs of scrapie-infected mice ex vivo, a process that is associated with a release of exosome-like membrane vesicles.