gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Notes- 9(11)-Dehydro Cortical Steroids. Synthesis of 9(11)-Anhydro-17α-hydroxycorticosterone Acetate and 9(11)-Anhydrocorticosterone Acetate (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNotes- 9(11)-Dehydro Cortical Steroids. Synthesis of 9(11)-Anhydro-17α-hydroxycorticosterone Acetate and 9(11)-Anhydrocorticosterone AcetateE Chamberlin, E Tristam, T Utne, and J ChemerdaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1960, 25, 2, 295–297Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1960Publication History Published online12 March 2003Published inissue 1 February 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01072a628https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01072a628research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views117Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
X-Ray structure of the 1:1 complex of a tripodal receptor and cis-cyclohexane-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (1997)

The X-ray crystal structure of the 1:1 complex of a tripodal abiotic receptor and cis-cyclohexane-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid is reported; the 1:1 complex is devoid of C 3 -symmetry and packs into a multi-columnar self-assembly.
Biphenylene end-capped polyquinoline prepolymers: synthesis, processing, and curing reactions (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBiphenylene end-capped polyquinoline prepolymers: synthesis, processing, and curing reactionsJohn P. Droske and John K. StilleCite this: Macromolecules 1984, 17, 1, 1–10Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00131a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00131a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views279Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<i>In vivo</i> dosimetry using a single diode for megavoltage photon beam radiotherapy: Implementation and response characterization (2001)

The AAPM Task Group 40 reported that in vivo dosimetry can be used to identify major deviations in treatment delivery in radiation therapy. In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of using one single diode to perform in vivo dosimetry in the entire radiotherapeutic energy range regardless of its intrinsic buildup material. The only requirement on diode selection would be to choose a diode with the adequate build up to measure the highest beam energy. We have tested the new diodes from Sun Nuclear Corporation (called QED and ISORAD-p--both p-type) for low-, intermediate-, and high-energy range. We have clinically used both diode types to monitor entrance doses. In general, we found that the dose readings from the ISORAD (p-type) are closer of the dose expected than QED diodes in the clinical setting. In this paper we report on the response of these newly available ISORAD (p-type) diode detectors with respect to certain radiation field parameters such as source-to-surface distance, field size, wedge beam modifiers, as well as other parameters that affect detector characteristics (temperature and detector-beam orientation). We have characterized the response of the high-energy ISORAD (p-type) diode in the low- (1-4 MV), intermediate- (6-12 MV), and high-energy (15-25 MV) range. Our results showed that the total variation of the response of high-energy ISORAD (p-type) diodes to all the above parameters are within +/-5% in most encountered clinical patient treatment setups in the megavoltage photon beam radiotherapy. The usage of the high-energy buildup diode has the additional benefit of amplifying the response of the diode reading in case the wrong energy is used for patient treatment. In the light of these findings, we have since then switched to using only one single diode type, namely the "red" diode; manufacturer designation of the ISORAD (p-type) high-energy (15-25 MV) range diode, for all energies in our institution and satellites.
Frontal–Occipital Connectivity During Visual Search (2012)

Although expectation- and attention-related interactions between ventral and medial prefrontal cortex and stimulus category-selective visual regions have been identified during visual detection and discrimination, it is not known if similar neural mechanisms apply to other tasks such as visual search. The current work tested the hypothesis that high-level frontal regions, previously implicated in expectation and visual imagery of object categories, interact with visual regions associated with object recognition during visual search. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, subjects searched for a specific object that varied in size and location within a complex natural scene. A model-free, spatial-independent component analysis isolated multiple task-related components, one of which included visual cortex, as well as a cluster within ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), consistent with the engagement of both top-down and bottom-up processes. Analyses of psychophysiological interactions showed increased functional connectivity between vmPFC and object-sensitive lateral occipital cortex (LOC), and results from dynamic causal modeling and Bayesian Model Selection suggested bidirectional connections between vmPFC and LOC that were positively modulated by the task. Using image-guided diffusion-tensor imaging, functionally seeded, probabilistic white-matter tracts between vmPFC and LOC, which presumably underlie this effective interconnectivity, were also observed. These connectivity findings extend previous models of visual search processes to include specific frontal-occipital neuronal interactions during a natural and complex search task.
Integrating Design Process Knowledge With CAD Models (2001)

Abstract Solid models are static entities, often defined by boundary representation models as sets of enclosing surfaces. Constructive Solid Geometry and feature-based computer-aided design environments create procedural descriptions of 3D objects in forms of history or CSG trees. These representations are temporally fixed, i.e., they describe the state of an object at a point in time. This paper describes a method to represent and capture temporal evolution of solid models — what we call model process history. We define process history to be all states of a model — the search space of design process. This paper presents a representational formalism we call model process graphs (MPGs). We use MPGs to integrate a model’s description with a model of temporal changes that occur during the design process. We believe that MPG representations can have valuable application for many design and manufacturing problems. The paper describes our preliminary results to use MPGs to (1) create a record of design process; (2) store process-based design rationale; (3) represent in-process shapes for machined artifacts. We anticipate that similar structures will find application in other design and manufacturing problems where important process knowledge is embodied by temporal changes occurring in model evolution.
First Observation by Fluorescence Polarization of Complexation between mRNA and the Natural Polysaccharide Schizophyllan (2004)

Schizophyllan is a natural beta-(1-->3)-D-glucan that exists as a triple helix in H(2)O and as a single chain in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) or basic solution (pH >13). As we have already reported, when a homo-polynucleotide (e.g., poly(dA), poly(A), or poly(C)) is added to a schizophyllan/DMSO solution, and, subsequently, DMSO is exchanged for H(2)O, the single chain of schizophyllan forms a complex with the polynucleotide. Since eukaryotic mRNAs have poly(A) tails, we hypothesized that schizophyllan can bind to mRNA by interacting with this tail. However, we have not yet observed complexation between schizophyllan and mRNA after exchanging DMSO for H(2)O. In this report, we show that the complexation can be accelerated when the solution pH is changed from 13 to 7-8 in the presence of schizophyllan and polynucleotides. By this approach, we found that schizophyllan forms a complex with a yeast mRNA.
Effect of the <i>W</i> mutation, for white belly spot, on testicular germ cell differentiation in mice (1991)

The effect of the mutation for white belly spot controlled by the dominant gene W on spermatogenesis in mice was examined by experimental cryptorchidism and its surgical reversal. The course of spermatogenesis from spermatogonia to spermatid was normal in intact testes of W/+ mice. In cryptorchid testes, there was no difference in the number and activity of Type A spermatogonia between the testes of W/+ and +/+ mice, in mitotic and labelling indices. Although surgical reversal of the cryptorchid testis resulted in regenerative differentiation of germ cells in both genotypes, the recovery of cell differentiation in the W/+ testis was slower than in the +/+ testis. There were fewer germ cells, such as intermediate-Type B spermatogonia or more advanced ones, in W/+ testes. On Day 17 after surgical reversal, cell associations in W/+ testes were abnormal and the numbers of intermediate-Type B spermatogonia, spermatocytes and spermatids were approximately 70, 50 and 15%, respectively, of those in +/+ testes. These results indicate that the W gene affects spermatogenic cell differentiation in adult mice.
Bar Induction is Compatible with Constructive Type Theory (2019)

Powerful yet effective induction principles play an important role in computing, being a paramount component of programming languages, automated reasoning, and program verification systems. The Bar Induction (BI) principle is a fundamental concept of intuitionism, which is equivalent to the standard principle of transfinite induction. In this work, we investigate the compatibility of several variants of BI with Constructive Type Theory (CTT), a dependent type theory in the spirit of Martin-Löf’s extensional theory. We first show that CTT is compatible with a BI principle for sequences of numbers. Then, we establish the compatibility of CTT with a more general BI principle for sequences of name-free closed terms. The formalization of the latter principle within the theory involved enriching CTT’s term syntax with a limit constructor and showing that consistency is preserved. Furthermore, we provide novel insights regarding BI, such as the non-truncated version of BI on monotone bars being intuitionistically false. These enhancements are carried out formally using the Nuprl proof assistant that implements CTT and the formalization of CTT within the Coq proof assistant presented in previous works.
Rough around the Edges: The Inflammatory Response of Microglial Cells to Spiky Nanoparticles (2010)

The versatility of nanoparticle design has established nanotechnology as a potential "one-stop solution" to many biological and medical applications. The capacity to control nanoparticle size, shape, and surface chemistry has enabled their use as imaging contrast agents or carriers for drugs and other compounds. However, concerns of nanoparticle toxicity have surfaced that could limit their clinical translation. In order to overcome this challenge, researchers are starting to characterize how particle properties influence their interactions with biological systems. By identifying the specific nanoparticle parameters responsible for toxicity, it may be possible to engineer safer and nontoxic nanoparticles.
Effects of Yeast and Bran on Phytate Degradation and Minerals in Rice Bread (2007)

Rice bread is a potential alternative to wheat bread for gluten-sensitive individuals. Incorporation of rice bran into bread made from white rice flour adds flavor but also phytic acid, which can reduce the bioavailability of minerals. Breads with varied amounts of defatted bran and yeast were prepared to determine their effects on the phytate and mineral contents of the bread. A completely randomized factorial design was used with bran levels of 3.7%, 7.3%, and 10.5% of the dry ingredients and yeast levels of 1.6%, 3.2%, and 4.7%. Increasing the amount of bran decreased the phytate degradation from 42% at the lowest level of bran to 10% at the highest, and the amount of yeast had no significant effect. The bran contributed substantial amounts of magnesium, iron, and zinc. Breads with the lowest level of bran had phytate-to-zinc molar ratios between 5 and 10, which suggest medium zinc bioavailability. Rice bread is a tasty and nutritious food that is a good dietary source of minerals for people who cannot tolerate wheat bread.
T-Helper Epitopes Identified Within the E6 Transforming Protein of Cervical Cancer-Associated Human Papillomavirus Type 16 (1999)

The E6 oncoprotein of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16 E6) produced by tumor cells of HPV16-associated cervical carcinoma is poorly immunogenic in patients, but nonetheless is a tumor-specific antigen to which therapeutic vaccine strategies may be directed. To investigate the subunit immunogenicity of E6 protein at the T-helper cell level, we immunized mice with overlapping peptides spanning the entire 158 amino acid sequence. Two peptides recalled a proliferative response in lymph node cells (LNC) from C57BL/6 (H-2b)-immunized mice. One of these peptides also recalled proliferative responses in the context of 5/5 other major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II haplotypes, indicating a "promiscuous" T-epitope. Minimal consensus motif analysis identified the epitopes as 60VYRDGNPYA68 and 98GYNKPLCDLL107. LNC from mice immunized with T-epitope proliferated in response to challenge with whole E6 protein. Immunization with E6 T-epitopes linked to B-epitopes of HPV16 E7 protein elicited specific antibody indicating that T-cells recognizing the T-epitopes provided cognate "help" for B-cells. LNC from mice co-immunized with E6 T-epitope and the major T-helper epitope of HPV16 E7 (48DRAHYNI54) proliferated comparably when challenged with the peptides individually indicating co-dominance of the two T-epitopes. The findings have implications for incorporation of E6 into a therapeutic vaccine.
Application of the finite-difference time-domain method to radiation from shielded enclosures (2002)

The finite-difference time-domain method is applied to the analysis of radiation from shielding enclosures with internal sources. Results from the three-dimensional code which has been developed are compared with analytical results from waveguide problems and the Lawrence Livermore TSAR code. Two enclosure examples are given to demonstrate the utility of the FDTD method for this application. One example is for radiation from slots, and the other is coupling of energy from a nonresonant aperture to an attached shielded cable that results in enhanced radiation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Exploring an Integrated Data Base Structure for Building Energy Monitoring Data (1991)

One of the inherent problems with monitoring hourly energy use and\nenvironmental conditions in commercial buildings is efficiently processing the\n"sea" of data that accumulates into an easily understood form. Even when the\ndata exist, building energy analysts generally rely on multiple "flat" ASCII files\nfor storing and retrieving their data only to find that it can take several hours to\nperform a simple task such as creating a 2-D time series plot of energy use using\ndata from several monitored channels. Integrated data base structures such as\nrelational data bases, if carefully designed, may offer some relief because they\ncan provide the user with an easier access to the data that automatically keeps\ntrack of where data are and how to assemble them to satisfy a particular request.\nThis paper presents a brief review of the different types of data required for a\nlarge building monitoring project, and the methods that have been developed for\nacquiring, archiving and retrieving data for the Texas LoanSTAR program, an\neight year, $98.6 million revolving loan program for energy conservation\nretrofits in Texas state, local government and school buildings.
Staged Deep Brain Stimulation for Refractory Craniofacial Dystonia with Blepharospasm: Case Report and Physiology (2005)

Although DBS for primary generalized dystonia is commonly performed by simultaneously implanting bilateral GPi electrodes, it may be reasonable in cases of refractory blepharospasm and/or craniofacial dystonia to use a staged procedure for implantation in selected patients. Additionally, the physiology, especially that encountered in the striatum, may help to elucidate the pathophysiological basis for refractory blepharospasm and Meige's syndrome. More cases will be needed to determine the significance of the results reported in this article.
Hot Radical Reactions in the Photolysis of Methyl Iodide Vapor<sup>1</sup> (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHot Radical Reactions in the Photolysis of Methyl Iodide Vapor1Robert D. Souffie, Russell R. Williams Jr., and William H. HamillCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1956, 78, 5, 917–920Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01586a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01586a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views103Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Uma arquitetura de mobilidade para redes IP e sua realização sobre o protocolo MPLS (2010)

A proxima geracao da telefonia celular, 4G, sera totalmente baseada no protocolo IP. Para o usuario final, a expectativa e estar constantemente conectado a esta rede, no qual a caracteristica fundamental sera a mobilidade transparente do dispositivo movel, entre as varias subredes que compoem um dominio administrativo. Esta tese tem por objetivo propor uma solucao para o problema da mobilidade transparente do dispositivo movel em redes IP. Como consequencia, duas contribuicoes sao alcancadas. A primeira e a especificacao de uma arquitetura que permita localizar e rastrear o dispositivo movel em um dominio administrativo, que seja independente da tecnologia de tuneis utilizada na camada de rede. A segunda e a proposicao de um metodo de rastreamento do dispositivo movel em redes MPLS, preservando as especificacoes do protocolo MPLS. E mostrado tambem como este metodo foi integrado com a arquitetura previamente definida. Por fim, e descrita como essa proposta de rastreamento em redes MPLS foi implementada sobre o sistema operacional Linux e os testes realizados para avaliar, tanto a implementacao desta proposta, quanto a sua integracao com essa arquitetura 
Abstract
Vibronic splitting of Γ8 electronic states of Ir+4 in single crystals of Cs2ZrCl6 at 4.2 °K (1973)

Single cubic crystals of Cs2ZrCl6 containing Ir+4 exhibit two absorption bands with extensive vibronic structure at 4.2 °K. Two progressions in the symmetric stretch mode (ν1) show a splitting of the absorption lines as a function of the number of quanta of the ν1 mode. Analysis shows that the electronic transitions must be from the ground Γ7(2T2g, t2g5) state to excited Γ8 quartet states, which are coupled to a threefold degenerate vibration mode of symmetry Γ4 or Γ5 and n modes of the ν1 mode. Zeeman measurements at 70 kG confirm the assignment for one progression. Arguments are presented to show that the threefold degenerate vibration mode corresponds to the transverse components of the ν4(Γ4u) mode of the face-centered cubic lattice.
Synthesis of Some D-Ribose Phosphates Synthese einiger Phosphorsäure-Ester der D-Ribose (1999)

Unambitious syntheses of D-ribose 2-phosphate, 3-phosphate, 4-phosphate, 2,3-diphosphate, 3,4-diphosphate, 2,4-diphosphate, cyclic 2,3-phosphate, cyclic 3,4-phosphate and cyclic 2,4-phosphate are described. Their 1H- and 31P-NMR-spectroscopic data and their equilibrium composition in aqueous solution are reported.
Effect of Deposition Conditions on Pt‐YSZ Cermet Anodes Made by PEVD (2005)

Abstract Yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) was deposited onto porous platinum networks by polarized electrochemical vapor deposition (PEVD) to make composite SOFC anodes. Although performance was poor, both before and after deposition, it was found to be better when high deposition temperatures were used, despite significant loss of electrode porosity during high temperature deposition. When the deposition temperature was lowered, from 1,050 °C to 900 °C, the level of porosity was maintained, but the power output was generally lower. Performance was partially recoverable by increasing the magnitude of the polarizing voltage during deposition. Typically, this led to an increase in deposition current, which in all cases exceeded the required amount for YSZ formation. By increasing the delivery rates of the source materials for yttria and zirconia, the amount of deposit formed could be increased, but excess oxygen at the anode prevented the formation of a continuous layer, in most cases.