gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optics teaching of mathematical students at M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University in courses of theoretical physics (2002)

The concept of teaching in optics and methodical problems of mathematical student's education are discussed. The fundamental knowledge on modern mathematics and of computer- based methods of investigations acquired by students at the first years allows our professors to represent the different branches of optics and photonics at the high scientific level. The methods of teaching have resulted from the more than thirty year's experience of work of the Chair of General Physics and Wave Processes staff of M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University on training the mathematical students.
Understanding Membrane Degradation Mechanisms Under Heavy Duty Fuel Cell Conditions: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach (2014)

The Automotive Partnership of Canada (APC) project on Next-Gen Heavy Duty Fuel Cell Buses is a government supported three-year project dedicated to research and product development of next generation heavy duty fuel cell buses in Canada (www.apc-hdfc.ca). The project represents a collaborative effort between Ballard Power Systems, Simon Fraser University and University of Victoria in British Columbia, Canada. The overarching objective is fundamental understanding of membrane degradation mechanisms, degradation rates, and failure modes under drive cycles and conditions that are typical for heavy duty vehicle operation. The aim is to help develop next generation fuel cell technology that is equivalent to or surpasses incumbent diesel engines in terms of durability and reliability, while reducing capital and warranty costs. In order to develop new durable membrane technologies and devise mitigation strategies to reach desired membrane lifetime, empirical and physical models need to be developed and employed. In this context, understanding the relationship between operation mode and membrane degradation under heavy duty fuel cell conditions is of vital importance. Apart from mechanical degradation such as thinning and pinhole formations, chemical and electrochemical degradation could also take place in perfluorosulfonated acid (PFSA) ionomer membranes. Due to complexity of the underlying processes, degradation mechanisms and their dependence on relevant operating conditions are not generally well established. We present results from an extensive effort that integrates multi-scale, multi-disciplinary modeling with large–scale accelerated degradation testing data. Results are analysed in view of the relative importance of various membrane degradation mechanisms via various chemical and mechanical processes. The versatile multi-scale modeling framework includes structure formation at molecular/meso-scales, water sorption characteristics, kinetics, as well as continuum modelling of chemical and mechanical degradation processes. References [1] F. de Bruijn, et al., Fuel Cells 8(1), 2008, 3–22 [2] Cheng Chen, T. F. Fuller, Modeling of Hydrogen Peroxide Formation in PEMFCs, Electrochim. Acta , 54, 3984-3995 (2009). [3] N. Macauley, L. Ghassemzadeh, C. Lim, M. Watson, J. Kolodziej, M. Lauritzen, S. Holdcroft, E. Kjeang, “Pt Band Formation Enhances the Stability of Fuel Cell Membranes”, ECS Electrochemistry Letters, 2(4) (2013) F1-F3. [4] L. Ghassemzadeh, S. Holdcroft, "Quantifying the structural changes of PFSA ionomer upon reaction with hydroxy radicals”, JACS, 2013, 135 (22) (2013), 8181-8184. [5] R. M.H. Khorasany et al., “On the Constitutive Relations for Catalyst Coated Membrane Applied to In-Situ Fuel Cell Modeling”, 2013, submitted. Fig. 1: APC project on heavy duty bus fuel cells (www.apc-hdfc.ca).
RFID technology applied to students' backpacks (2011)

This paper presents the deployment of RFID technology for students' backpacks or schoolbags. It will show a new approach on 13,56MHz technology RFID readers, especially by designing an antenna that is able to monitor and identify which RFID tags are in the bag at a given time. Moreover, the paper will also address the development of control software to aid the students in their daily routine.
Principles of Anti-Fog Design for Polymeric Insulators (2007)

Electric field and leakage current density in the shank region of a polluted polymeric insulator may cause local dry-banding, with a risk of long-term degradation from partial-arc discharges. In a novel approach to dry-band control, the characteristics of silicone rubber surfaces with a textured finish are investigated and, depending on the geometry chosen for the texture, two useful objectives can be achieved. First, the increase of surface area can both reduce the leakage current density in the vulnerable shank region, and also increase the longitudinal creepage distance. Secondly, the damage arising from surface discharges can be mitigated. The principles of the proposed anti-fog design are described in details, and preliminary results from tests which show an improvement in performance are presented.
Immunohistochemical Demonstration of a Testicular Substance Related to Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone (1981)

A substance related to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone was demonstrated, by immunohistochemical procedures, in the cytoplasm of interstitial cells within the rat testes. In many seminiferous tubules, nuclei of spermatogonial cells were also immunopositive. Both cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions of testicular homogenates contain immunoreactive compounds, and this report identifies which cell types contain this substance. The localization of a peptide hormone within the nucleus of a target cell population may indicate its mode of action.
Determination of Sit-to-Stand Transfer Duration Using Bed and Floor Pressure Sequences (2009)

The duration of a sit-to-stand (SiSt) transfer is a representative measure of a person's status of physical mobility. This paper measured the duration unobtrusively and automatically using a pressure sensor array under a bed mattress and a floor plate beside the bed. Pressure sequences were extracted from frames of sensor data measuring bed and floor pressure over time. The start time was determined by an algorithm based on the motion of the center of pressure (COP) on the mattress toward the front edge of the bed. The end time was determined by modeling the foot pressure exerted on the floor in the wavelet domain as the step response of a third-order transfer function. As expected, young and old healthy adults generated shorter SiSt durations of around 2.31 and 2.88 s, respectively, whereas post-hip fracture and post-stroke adults produced longer SiSt durations of around 3.32 and 5.00 s. The unobtrusive nature of pressure sensing techniques used in this paper provides valuable information that can be used for the ongoing monitoring of patients within extended-care facilities or within the smart home environment.
<title>Method for hiding synchronization marks in scale- and rotation-resilient watermarking schemes</title> (2002)

As concern about watermark robustness grows, different approaches based on the introduction of synchronization marks have been presented to survive geometrical attacks. Most of the proposed techniques rely either on the introduction of a dedicated template either on the detection of particular properties in the autocorrelation function (ACF) of the watermark itself in order to resist against scaling and rotation transformations. The use of this side-information at the detector makes an inversion of the transformation possible. However, due to the publicness of this side-information, those techniques turn out to be very vulnerable to a removal attack. We propose an innovative method to hide the synchronization marks and therefore prevent malicious removal attacks (eg. template attack,...). The ability to detect the synchronization marks will be conditioned by the knowledge of a secret key. The technique consists in using an image dependent secret binary mask to modulate the synchronization pattern before it is introduced in the image. The ability to recover this binary mask upon rotation and scaling allows the detection of the synchronization marks even after transformation. Although mask recovering presents a considerable error rate, sufficient detection of the synchronization marks can be achieved. The mask, obtained from a signal-dependent partition, leads to a spectral spreading of the synchronisation mark, making template attacks nearly impossible to perform.
Characterization of Two Murine Monoclonal Antibodies Reactive with Human B Cells (1985)

We describe two monoclonal antibodies, HH1 and HH2. Both reacted selectively with surface immunoglobulin (sIg)-positive human B cells. Both antibodies stained on average 7-8% of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. They have not been found to react with cells or cell lines of other haematopoietic cell lineages, except that HH2 was positive on a small percentage of cells of the erythroid cell line K562. The molecular weight of the HH1 antigen was 95 kD, as established by Western blotting. Neither of these two antibodies reacted with Ig determinants, Fc receptors, complement receptors, or known class-I or class-II molecules. A combination of these antibodies was used in a direct panning technique for high-yield enrichment of normal B lymphocytes from peripheral blood. The enriched B cells could be further purified by lysis of T cells (final yield, on average 72 +/- 8% of initial B cells) or by a second panning (yield, 35 +/- 11%). The purified B cells contained less than 1% contaminating T cells and less than 0.5% monocytes and were used in an assay for B-cell-stimulating factor which they showed a normal and very reproducible proliferative response.
Packaging issues for next generation high voltage, high temperature power electronic modules (2002)

This paper describes packaging issues related to the next generation of high voltage (>2 kV), high temperature (200/spl deg/C to 400/spl deg/C) power electronic modules that are being developed for military, commercial and industrial applications. These applications include space, nuclear power and down-hole systems. Components, materials and processes are considered. Effects due to variations in thickness of the copper interconnect, ceramic substrate and heat spreader (baseplate) are investigated to predict the effects of thermally induced stresses. Thinner ceramic layers provide a significant increase in the thermal conductance and lower thermally induced stresses during system operation.
The Process Window for Reference Free Part Encapsulation (2002)

Reference Free Part Encapsulation (RFPE) is an automatic, universal workholding process developed by the authors and by researchers at Berkeley. In RFPE, a block of filler material encapsulates the workpiece and provides a fixturing surface, and after each machining operation, the filler block is re-filled with material to restore it to a perfect block. The objective of this research is to compute the process parameter window for RFPE. We examine the effect of process parameters such as the injection temperature, the preheating temperature, the cooling rate and the pressure on the effectiveness of the process. We show that when the temperatures are too low, or if the mold is cooled too much or too rapidly, the newly added material does not weld properly to the original encapsulation. If the temperatures are too great, then the entire encapsulation is likely to melt and lose location. The injection pressure, meanwhile, affects the surface finish of the process, and therefore the accuracy. We develop models to understand the effects of these parameters on process performance and design experiments to verify these predictions. Using these techniques, we determine the acceptable parameter windows for the process.
Myoclonus: Relation to Epilepsy (1985)

Myoclonus can be divided into those types which are fragments of epilepsy and those which are nonepileptic. Epileptic myoclonus is viewed as the effect of an isolated spike in neurons of the motor system. Cortical reflex myoclonus is a fragment of partial epilepsy and represents hyperactivity of a focal area of cerebral cortex. Reticular reflex myoclonus is a fragment of generalized epilepsy with hyperactivity of medullary brainstem reticular formation. Primary generalized epileptic myoclonus is a fragment of primary generalized epilepsy and may represent a generalized hyperactive response of cortex to subcortical input.
Reactions of Difluoramine with Lewis Acids (1966)

The acid-base chemistry of difluoramine, HNF2, and its methyl derivative is being studied to establish the existence of difluorammonium compounds and to obtain new oxidizers containing difluoramino groups. The protic acids, hydrogen chloride and trifluoroacetic acid, do not form compounds with difluoramine in the condensed state; methyldifluoramine, however, may form a weak complex with hydrogen chloride. Trimethylaluminum, a strong Lewis acid, reacts with difluoramine liberating methane. The postulated intermediate, has not yet been isolated. Although trimethylgallium and difluoramine do not form a compound at low temperatures, methane is slowly evolved. Both difluoramine and methyldifluoramine form 1:1 adducts with sulfur trioxide. NMR analysis of the difluoramine adduct indicates that the proton and fluorine atoms are no longer adjacent, possibly indicating that it is difluoramidosulfamic acid.
Antibody-nucleic acid complexes. Immunospecific retention of globin mRNA with antibodies specific for 7-methylguanosine (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAntibody-nucleic acid complexes. Immunospecific retention of globin mRNA with antibodies specific for 7-methylguanosineTheodore W. Munns, M. Kathryn Liszewski, Judy T. Tellam, Harold F. Sims, and Robert E. RhoadsCite this: Biochemistry 1982, 21, 12, 2922–2928Publication Date (Print):June 8, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 8 June 1982https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00541a018Request reuse permissions Article Views48Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Linear Nanostructure Formation of Aldehydes by Self-Directed Growth on Hydrogen-Terminated Silicon(100) (2006)

The self-directed growth of organic molecules on silicon surfaces allows for the rapid, parallel production of hybrid organic-silicon nanostructures. In this work, the formation of benzaldehyde- and acetaldehyde-derived nanostructures on hydrogen-terminated H-Si(100)-2x1 surface is studied by scanning tunneling microscopy in ultrahigh vacuum and by quantum mechanical methods. The reaction is a radical-mediated process that binds the aldehydes, through a strong Si-O covalent bond, to the surface. The aldehyde nanostructures are generally composed of double lines of molecules. Two mechanisms that lead to double line growth are elucidated.
Sub-Nyquist sampling of OFDM signals for cognitive radios (2014)

We investigate sampling and detection of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) signals with unknown carriers at sub-Nyquist rates. Efficient acquisition and processing of such broadcast signals is a challenge but constitutes a crucial part of enabling cognitive radios. In order to alleviate both the analog and digital burden when treating wideband signals, we adapt the modulated wideband converter (MWC), a recently proposed sub-Nyquist sampling system, to fit OFDM signals. In particular, after detecting the active bands using the MWC, we use several different equalization methods in order to improve the bit-error rate (BER). We then show how to process the real sub-Nyquist samples in each band in order to recover the complex OFDM signal. A standard digital OFDM receiver is then used to detect the input symbols. To evaluate the performance of our system, we derive an analytical bound on the BER as a function of the received signal to noise ratio. Simulations validate the proposed system.
Electrochemical detection of disodium 3,3′‐azobis‐(6‐hydroxy‐) benzoate (olsalazine sodium) (1997)

Abstract Electrochemical detection of disodium 3,3′‐azobis‐(6‐hydroxy‐)benzoate, olsalazine sodium, in reversed phase liquid chromatography is shown to provide a detection limit of 40 fmol and a linear range extending up to 4 nmol for an injection volume of 20 μL. The method has been used for the determination of the solubility of olsalazine sodium in aqueous solutions. The solubility was found to be 2 × 10 −8 M and 4 × 10 −6 M at pH 1.0 and 3.5, respectively.
Fabrication and Generation of Intermediate Temperature Operating SOFC based on Y-doped BaZrO<sub>3</sub> Proton Conducting Oxides (2009)

An electrolyte supported type intermediate temperature operating SOFC (IT-SOFC) using 15mol% Y-doped BaZrO3 (BZY15) is fabricated and tested in the temperature range of 650oC to 550oC to study fundamental properties of an IT-SOFC using proton conductors. The measurement of I-V characteristics and impedance spectra reveal that BZY15 is superior to oxygen ionic conductors as an electrolyte material from the viewpoint of electrolyte resistance in the tested temperature range. The results also confirm the necessity of reducing cathodic overpotential.
Misidentification of Aspergillus nomius and Aspergillus tamarii as Aspergillus flavus: Characterization by Internal Transcribed Spacer, β-Tubulin, and Calmodulin Gene Sequencing, Metabolic Fingerprinting, and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization–Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (2014)

Aspergillus nomius and Aspergillus tamarii are Aspergillus species that phenotypically resemble Aspergillus flavus. In the last decade, a number of case reports have identified A. nomius and A. tamarii as causes of human infections. In this study, using an internal transcribed spacer, β-tubulin, and calmodulin gene sequencing, only 8 of 11 clinical isolates reported as A. flavus in our clinical microbiology laboratory by phenotypic methods were identified as A. flavus. The other three isolates were A. nomius (n = 2) or A. tamarii (n = 1). The results corresponded with those of metabolic fingerprinting, in which the A. flavus, A. nomius, and A. tamarii strains were separated into three clusters based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC MS) analysis. The first two patients with A. nomius infections had invasive aspergillosis and chronic cavitary and fibrosing pulmonary and pleural aspergillosis, respectively, whereas the third patient had A. tamarii colonization of the airway. Identification of the 11 clinical isolates and three reference strains by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) showed that only six of the nine strains of A. flavus were identified correctly. None of the strains of A. nomius and A. tamarii was correctly identified. β-Tubulin or the calmodulin gene should be the gene target of choice for identifying A. flavus, A. nomius, and A. tamarii. To improve the usefulness of MALDI-TOF MS, the number of strains for each species in MALDI-TOF MS databases should be expanded to cover intraspecies variability.
Thermal emission from metallic films perforated with subwavelength hole arrays (2008)

This report presents an overview of our study on the optical transmission and thermal light emission properties of sub-wavelength hole arrays fabricated in a square lattice with 4 μm periodicity. The structures were fabricated in thin aluminum (Al) films on silicon (Si) substrates using conventional photolithography. The spectra were obtained using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer with a port for an external cryostat configured for thermal emission measurements. The perforated films showed extraordinary transmission bands in the mid-infrared spectral range, which could be well explained as due to light coupling to surface plasmon-polaritons on the two film interfaces. We fitted the transmission spectra and calculated the absorption spectra of these structures using a model for the dielectric response that utilizes an effective plasma frequency determined by the individual holes, as well as several resonant modes associated with the reciprocal vectors in the lattice structure factor. We found that the thermal emission spectrum from the perforated films followed the transmission spectrum characteristics, rather than the obtained absorption spectrum; in apparent contrast to Kirchhoff's law of radiation. We conclude that the perforated films behave as radiation filters, where the thermal emission radiation is suppressed in the frequency range outside the transmission resonant bands in the spectrum.
The membrane effects, and sensitivity to strychnine, of neural inhibition of the Mauthner cell, and its inhibition by glycine and GABA (1973)

1. Anionic conductance changes in Mauthner neurones of goldfish were measured during synaptically evoked inhibition and inhibition caused by iontophoretic application of the putative inhibitory transmitters glycine and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).2. The effects of either amino acid were indistinguishable from those of the neural inhibitory transmitter(s). The membrane permeability during the neural or drug response was increased to Br(-), Cl(-), I(-), SCN(-), NO(3) (-), ClO(3) (-), and formate (HCOO(-)), but not to HCO(3) (-), BrO(3) (-), IO(3) (-), SO(4) (-), HPO(4) (-), H(2)PO(4) (-), acetate and citrate.3. Strychnine was injected intramuscularly, iontophoretically, or applied topically to the exposed brain in order to compare quantitatively its ability to prevent inhibition evoked by synaptic activation and by pharmacological means. Inhibitions were measured by the increase in membrane conductance.4. Strychnine, at concentrations just adequate to block completely the late collateral inhibition (LCI) and crossed VIII nerve inhibition, had little effect on the pharmacological inhibition caused by glycine, and sometimes there was no detectable effect at all. In one experiment even a local iontophoretic application of strychnine in a sufficient dose to diffuse over the cell and block the LCI almost completely, merely halved the effect of a small dose of glycine applied to the same localized region of the membrane.5. Higher concentrations of strychnine than those necessary to block synaptically evoked inhibition would reduce the effect of glycine but not that of GABA. The evidence indicated that any apparent effect of strychnine upon GABA could be explained by displacement of the GABA-containing iontophoretic pipette.6. The glycine-blocking action of iontophoretic pulses of strychnine was of relatively very slow onset and long duration compared to the effects of pulses of glycine and GABA.7. These findings can be interpreted as either (1) strychnine has a presynaptic action, preventing the release of inhibitory neurotransmitter, in addition to its less potent post-synaptic one in blocking pharmacological inhibition, or (2) strychnine acts entirely post-synaptically, but the physiological transmitter action differs from that of glycine and GABA in being considerably more sensitive to strychnine antagonism. In either case, the use of strychnine as evidence for the claim that glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter at the Mauthner cell is questionable.