gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Study of nano Fe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> MOS thick films as ethanol gas sensor (2011)

Thick films of AR Grade nano Fe <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> material with n type semiconducting properties were prepared and tested for their gas sensing performances. Thick films of the materials were prepared by screen printing technique. The gas sensing performance was studied using static gas sensing system. The material was tested for various gases such as CO, CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> , NH <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> , Cl <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> , H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> , LPG, ethanol and H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> S. The nano Fe <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> film showed maximum sensitivity to Ethanol gas at 350°C temperature and at 250 ppm concentration with short response time and large recovery time. Physical and structural properties of the films material were studied by TEM, XRD.
<title>Detection of multiple airborne targets from multisensor data</title> (1995)

Previously we presented a jump-diffusion based random sampling algorithm for generating conditional mean estimates of scene representations for the tracking and recongition of maneuvering airborne targets. These representations include target positions and orientations along their trajectories and the target type associated with each trajectory. Taking a Bayesian approach, a posterior measure is defined on the parameter space by combining sensor models with a sophisticated prior based on nonlinear airplane dynamics. The jump-diffusion algorithm constructs a Markov process which visits the elements of the parameter space with frequencies proportional to the posterior probability. It consititutes both the infinitesimal, local search via a sample path continuous diffusion transform and the larger, global steps through discrete jump moves. The jump moves involve the addition and deletion of elements from the scene configuration or changes in the target type assoviated with each target trajectory. One such move results in target detection by the addition of a track seed to the inference set. This provides initial track data for the tracking/recognition algorithm to estimate linear graph structures representing tracks using the other jump moves and the diffusion process, as described in our earlier work. Target detection ideally involves a continuous research over a continuum of the observation space. In this work we conclude that for practical implemenations the search space must be discretized with lattice granularity comparable to sensor resolution, and discuss how fast Fourier transforms are utilized for efficient calcuation of sufficient statistics given our array models. Some results are also presented from our implementation on a networked system including a massively parallel machine architecture and a silicon graphics onyx workstation.
Systemic Antibody Responses to the Immunodominant p23 Antigen and p23 Polymorphisms in Children with Cryptosporidiosis in Bangladesh (2012)

Cryptosporidium is a major cause of diarrhea in children in developing countries. However, there is no vaccine available and little is known about immune responses to protective antigens. We investigated antibody responses to p23, a putative vaccine candidate, in children in Bangladesh with cryptosporidiosis and diarrhea (cases) and uninfected children with diarrhea (controls), and p23 gene polymorphisms in infecting species. Serum IgM, IgG, and IgA responses to p23 were significantly greater in cases than controls after three weeks of follow-up. Cases with acute diarrhea had significantly greater serum IgA and IgM responses than those with persistent diarrhea, which suggested an association with protection from prolonged disease. The p23 sequences were relatively conserved among infecting species and subtype families. Although most children were infected with Cryptosporidium hominis, there was a cross-reactive antibody response to C. parvum antigen. These results support further development of p23 as a vaccine candidate.
Electromagnetically-induced transparency grid in acetylene-filled hollow-core PCF (2005)

We report a set of experimental observations on electromagnetically induced transparency in acetylene filled hollow-core photonic crystal fiber, involving both Lambda-type and V-type interactions over several lines of the R-branch of the nu1 + nu3 ro-vibrational overtone band. Transparency as high as ~70% was achieved. A theoretical account of the sources of decoherence shows that collisions with the inner wall of the fiber core and laser frequency-jitter dominate the coherence decay.
Modeling and implications of antibody transcytosis by human genital epithelial cells during <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> infection and challenge (MUC2P.930) (2015)

Abstract Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is a common sexually transmitted pathogen; there is no vaccine and infection can lead to infertility and increased susceptibility to HIV acquisition. An obligate intracellular bacterium, CT is tropic for genital columnar epithelial cells, and the endocervix is the primary site of infection in women. CT infections are usually asymptomatic, endure for months, and immunity is short-lived. However, recent epidemiology studies have identified a subgroup of women who spontaneously clear infection without treatment and are protected from re-infection. We hypothesize that genital secretions from these women will aid in the identification of site-specific immune correlates and inform vaccine design. Since animal and clinical studies suggest antibodies may play a role in protection and clearance of CT, we developed novel clinical sampling techniques and an ELISA that allows normalization and quantification of local CT-specific antibody isotypes from CT-infected women, and report significantly higher levels of CT-specific IgG/A in genital secretions compared to serum. Development of a novel in vitro endocervical epithelial model that can be infected with CT now allows us to (i) determine the protective efficacy of defined (clearer v non-clearer) patient samples against CT-challenge and (ii) explore recent observations that inflammation modulates endocervical immunoglobulin receptor expression, likely influencing antibody transport in the CT-infected cervix.
Numerical Modeling of Cavitation Bubble Behavior and Noise (1992)

ABSTRACT This paper summarizes a study on the numerical analysis of cavitation bubble noise and presents the results of a numerical analysis of the pressure pulse developed during a single cavitation bubble collapse and the development of a 1/3 octave noise spectral analysis. The results of a systematic numerical study of bubble growth are presented along with an example of the calculated 1/3 octave noise spectra.
<i>In silico</i> mutagenesis: a case study of the melanocortin 4 receptor (2009)

The melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) is a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and a key molecule in the regulation of energy homeostasis. At least 159 substitutions in the coding region of human MC4R (hMC4R) have been described experimentally; over 80 of those occur naturally, and many have been implicated in obesity. However, assessment of the presumably functionally essential residues remains incomplete. Here we have performed a complete in silico mutagenesis analysis to assess the functional essentiality of all possible nonnative point mutants in the entire hMC4R protein (332 residues). We applied SNAP, which is a method for quantifying functional consequences of single amino acid (AA) substitutions, to calculate the effects of all possible substitutions at each position in the hMC4R AA sequence. We compiled a mutability score that reflects the degree to which a particular residue is likely to be functionally important. We performed the same experiment for a paralogue human melanocortin receptor (hMC1R) and a mouse orthologue (mMC4R) in order to compare computational evaluations of highly related sequences. Three results are most salient: 1) our predictions largely agree with the available experimental annotations; 2) this analysis identified several AAs that are likely to be functionally critical, but have not yet been studied experimentally; and 3) the differential analysis of the receptors implicates a number of residues as specifically important to MC4Rs vs. other GPCRs, such as hMC1R.
Sequences in the NS5A protein of hepatitis C virus and the serum alanine aminotransferase response to interferon therapy in Japanese patients (2001)

A HCV genomic region that correlates with the ALT response to IFN therapy appears to be present in virologically IFN ineffective patients.
ChemInform Abstract: Amidyls in Radical Cascades. The Total Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Aspidospermidine (III) and (.+‐.)‐13‐Deoxyserratine (Vb). (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Isolation and sequence of a cDNA encoding porcine mitochondrial NADP-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase (1992)

The cDNA for porcine mitochondrial NADP-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase was isolated from a lambda gt11 library using polymerase chain reaction. Translation of the DNA sequence gave a 413-residue amino acid sequence and a calculated molecular weight of 46,600 for the mature polypeptide. Previously determined peptide sequences for the amino terminus and for internal tryptic peptides were all contained within the translated sequence. The porcine protein was found to share 63% residue identity with yeast mitochondrial NADP-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase and to be immunoreactive with an antiserum against the yeast protein. Highly conserved regions include residues which have been implicated in substrate and cofactor binding in previous studies of the porcine enzyme. The two eucaryotic enzymes exhibit only minimal homology with the NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase from Escherichia coli, with the exception of a striking conservation of residues implicated in formation of the metal-isocitrate site of the procaryotic enzyme.
Multicentric outcome analysis of sirolimus-based immunosuppression in 252 liver transplant recipients (2009)

The use of sirolimus (SRL) in orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) has been controversial after experimental data suggested an increased risk of hepatic artery thrombosis (HAT). To assess the safety and efficacy of SRL as de novo immunosuppression in OLT recipients. Outcomes of 252 OLT patients who received SRL were compared with outcomes of 291 OLT recipients who received calcineurin inhibitor in a retrospective study. Primary outcomes of this study were: patient- and graft survivals, vascular, biliary, wound complications and rejection rates. Secondary outcomes were: postoperative infection rate, bone marrow and renal function and changes of lipid levels. Patient- and graft survivals, rejection and infection rates were similar. In the SRL group, HAT occurred in 1.2%, biliary complications in 19.4%, and incisional hernias in 9.1%. In the control group the incidence of HAT was 5.8% (P = 0.004), biliary complications 18.5% (P = NS) and incisional hernias 7.2% (P = NS). Patients on SRL experienced significantly higher levels of serum triglycerides but fewer acute cellular rejections. Bone marrow and renal functions were similar in both the groups. Our findings would suggest that SRL is safe and effective for very selected OLT recipients. Randomized controlled trials are necessary to confirm our results.
ChemInform Abstract: Inorganic Clusters as Single‐Source Precursors for Preparation of CdSe, ZnSe, and CdSe/ZnS Nanomaterials. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Dexamethasone in the treatment of obstetric cholestasis: A case series (2006)

Twelve women with obstetric cholestasis were given dexamethasone after failure to respond to ursodeoxycholic acid. Clinical improvement was achieved in eight cases, without complete resolution of symptoms. Biochemical response was achieved in seven cases. All but two cases had good correlation between clinical and biochemical response. Women of Asian and South American origin were more likely to respond to dexamethasone than Caucasians. There were no reported maternal or fetal side-effects. However, the subsequent consequences of dexamethasone treatment for the mother and fetus have not been thoroughly evaluated. Therefore, even in Asian and South American women, larger studies of dexamethasone are required before this treatment can be recommended as a universally safe and effective treatment for obstetric cholestasis.
Inspection capability of high-transmittance HTPSM and OPC masks for ArF lithography (2003)

We have improved DUV laser reticle inspection system LM7000 for 90 nm technology node devices. To increase inspection sensitivity, we developed a reflected light inspection as a supplementary method to transmittance light inspection. We have also strengthened inspection algorithm to distinguish between real defects and very small features from optical proximity effect correction (OPC). Finally, we have improved reference image for die to database inspection. With the merit of short wavelength of LM7000 (266 nm), the inspection sensitivity of the high-transmittance half-tone phase shift mask (HTPSM) does not deteriorated so severely compared to that of binary mask. With the help of these series of improvements, LM7000 could shows inspection capability for OPC masks and HTPSM for ArF lithography. The inspection capability of LM7000 was proved with the programmed defect masks and printability experiment using ArF scanner.
Optimizing the solution condition of a thermostable and soluable inorganic phosphorus microorganism. (2009)

In order to increase the conversion efficiency of insoluble phosphorus in compost,a phosphorous dissolving condition was optimized for heat-resistant inorganic phosphorus strains(BL161) screened from high-temperature compost.Orthogonal design table L_(25)(5~6) was used to select time,temperature, pH,additive phosphorus quantity and proportion of inoculum as reference factors in BL161 fermentation.The results of the orthogonal design software analysis indicated that optimal inorganic phosphorus degradation culture medium for this microorganism was pH 4.5,quantity of ground phosphorus 9.0(g/L) and inoculum 7%.The soluble phosphorus content achieved the highest value(274(mg/L)) at temperature(38 ℃) after 25 days.Temperature target analysis demonstrated that this microorganism had a broader temperature tolerance;it could carry out the degradation of inorganic phosphorus at temperatures 34-(50 ℃),while(38 ℃) was the most suitable temperature for culturing inorganic phosphorous.This microorganism had a better growth and degradation of phosphorus at temperature(50 ℃) due to its high heat-resistance.The quantity of soluble phosphorus in the fermentation broth had an ascending trend with increasing culture time,achieving 209(mg/L) at the 25th day. Analysis of extreme differences indicated that fermentation time had the maximum influence on the total quantity of soluble phosphorus in the fermentation fluid(R_(time)=152.2).Other factors affecting the total amount of phosphorous degeneration followed as pHTemperatureground quantity of additive ground phosporusquantity of inoculum.
A Turning Gait Generating Network for a Hexapod Robot (2004)

This paper describes a gait generating network for a hexapod robot under various curvature turnings. Formica japonica Motschulsky, that is one of major ant with about 6 [mm] body length in Japan, was used for a gait analysis. Movements of the leg joints during free walking was recoded at 60 to 250 [frame/s] by a high-speed video camera. From the data, we found that the turning gaits were classified into two distinct patterns: a sharp turning gait in which case the radius of curvature is under 5 [mm], a gradual turning gait in which case that is 5 to 40 [mm] . A turning gait generating network, which was possible to generate each gait and to vary a radius of curvature, was devised. That is a neural network which is described by neurons and connections between them using excitation and inhibition. We made a hexapod robot with 3 DOF each leg and verified the accountability of the gait generating network using the robot. As a result, smooth and stable turning in different curvatures was achieved.
THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT IMMUNOSUPPRESSION THERAPY ON ERYTHROPOIETIN PRODUCTION IN RENAL TRANSPLANTATION (1998)

51 Anemia in chronic renal failure is due to erythropoietin (Epo) deficiency that is expected to normalize after successful kidney transplantation. We previously studied 40 children with excellent graft function for 12 months post kidney transplantation and found a mean hematocrit (Hct) -2 SD from the mean for age and sex. Human hepatoma (Hep3B) cells were chosen as a model to study the effect of immunosuppression therapy on Epo production. Cyclosporine(CSA), Azathioprine (AZA), FK506, and Mycophenolate Mofetil (MPM), under 21% O2 and 1% O2 (hypoxic) conditions were tested. Epo levels were measured in mU/mg protein ± SEM and compared to baseline conditions. Both CSA(10μg/mL) and AZA (40μg/mL) inhibited Epo production under 21% O2,(p<.03, p<.002) and hypoxic conditions (p<.02, p<.05) respectively. Increased concentration of CSA and AZA (100μg/mL) resulted in greater inhibition. FK506 (.0001 -1μM) and MPM (.01-10μM) did not inhibit Epo production. CSA added to high dose AZA or MPM depressed Epo production further than either agents alone in 21% O2 (p<.002 and p<.007) and 1% O2 (p<.004 and p<.0001). We then measured Hct%, plasma Epo, and ferritin, in 4 pediatric renal transplant recipients, ages 4-8 years, 3 were on CSA and one on FK506 at 1, 2, 3, 6, 9 months post transplantation. Simultaneous blood trough levels for CSA were done (whole blood TDx), and for FK506 (whole blood MEIA). No acute rejection episodes or blood transfusions occurred in any patient. Mean Hct% for all patients pre transplant, and then at 1, 3, 6, 9 months post transplantation were 36%, 33%, 38%, 37%, and 38%. All patients had adequate ferritin levels (range of 30-167 ng/ml) in the first 6 months post transplantation. Mean serum creatinine at 6 months was 0.65±.2 mg/dl. Epo levels were compared to each Hct value according to a Reference Regression Graph. An inverse linear relationship between log Epo levels and Hct(R2 = 0.341, p=.0002) was found that was less steep than for healthy adults, and similar to patients with renal failure. No correlation was found between CSA or FK506 levels and Hct. Conclusion: CSA and AZA suppress in-vitro Epo production while FK506 and MPM appear to have no effect. The Epo levels produced after transplantation is inappropriately low compared to Hct. We speculate that the mild anemia in children post renal transplantation is due to inhibition of renal interstitial Epo production related to immunosuppression therapy, specifically CSA. The effect of FK506 and MFM on Epo production in-vivo needs further study.
Deletion of ELOVL5 leads to fatty liver through activation of SREBP-1c in mice (2008)

Elongation of very long chain fatty acids (ELOVL)5 is one of seven mammalian fatty acid condensing enzymes involved in microsomal fatty acid elongation. To determine the in vivo substrates and function of ELOVL5, we generated Elovl5(-/-) mice. Studies using liver microsomal protein from wild-type and knockout mice demonstrated that the elongation of gamma-linolenic (C18:3, n-6) to dihomo-gamma-linolenic (C20:3, n-6) and stearidonic (C18:4, n-3) to omega3-arachidonic acid (C20:4, n-3) required ELOVL5 activity. Tissues of Elovl5(-/-) mice accumulated the C18 substrates of ELOVL5 and the levels of the downstream products, arachidonic acid (C20:4, n-6) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6, n-3), were decreased. A consequence of decreased cellular arachidonic acid and DHA concentrations was the activation of sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1c and its target genes involved in fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis, which culminated in the development of hepatic steatosis in Elovl5(-/-) mice. The molecular and metabolic changes in fatty acid metabolism in Elovl5(-/-) mice were reversed by dietary supplementation with arachidonic acid and DHA. These studies demonstrate that reduced ELOVL5 activity leads to hepatic steatosis, and endogenously synthesized PUFAs are key regulators of SREBP-1c activation and fatty acid synthesis in livers of mice.
ChemInform Abstract: ABFANGEN RADIKALISCHER ZWISCHENSTUFEN BEI DER PHOTORED. VON BENZOPHENON (1970)

Abstract Die bei der Photoreduktion von Benzophenon in Isopropanol als Lösungsmittel und H‐Donator intermediär auftretenden Radikale (I) und (II) reagieren in Gegenwart von 2‐Methyl‐2‐nitroso‐propan unter Bildung der relativ stabilen Nitrosylradikale (III) und (IV); letztere werden in situ EPR‐spektrometrisch charakterisiert.
Investigation on Immunomodulatory Activity of Calf Spleen Extractive Injection in Cyclophosphamide‐induced Immunosuppressed Mice and Underlying Mechanisms (2016)

Calf spleen extractive injection (CSEI), extracted from the spleen of healthy cows (within 24 h of birth), is a small peptides enriched extraction while the ratio between peptide and ribose is 76 ± 15.2 mg/μg. CSEI is usually used as an ancillary agent to assist cancer patients with immune dysfunction. The present study aims to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of CSEI in cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced mice model of immunosuppression and its underlying mechanisms. During the experiment, thymosin ɑ1 (0.16 mg/kg) was served as the positive control drug. In CTX-induced immunosuppressed mice, CSEI significantly increased bodyweights and spleen indexes, and upgraded the natural killer activity together with lymphocytes proliferation. CSEI regulated the production of IgG and IgA, and the levels of IL-2, 6, 10, 12 and IFN-ɑ, γ and TNF-ɑ in serum of CTX-induced immunosuppressed mice. Furthermore, CSEI markedly downregulated nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) expression which was controlled by IKKβ. Taken together, CSEI effectively improved immune function in CTX-induced immunosuppression related to NF-κB signalling pathway via regulating the production of immunoglobulins, interleukins and some inflammatory factors.
Mechanism of Inhibition of H<sup>+</sup>K<sup>+</sup>ATPase by Omeprazole (1986)

Omeprazole has been found to be a potent inhibitor of gastric acid secretion in several species, including man (1–3). The in vitro inhibitory effect of omeprazole on gastric acid secretory functions has been reported in isolated mucosal, glandular and enriched parietal cell preparations. Omeprazole counteracted not only basal acid formation but also acid production induced by various secretagogues (4–9). Furthermore, when assayed in permeable gastric glands, omeprazole inhibited the secretory response induced by ATP and K+. This indicates that the site of action of omeprazole is distal to that of second messenger production, and probably close to the proton pump site.