gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interspecific Variation in Life History Relates to Antipredator Decisions by Marine Mesopredators on Temperate Reefs (2012)

As upper-level predatory fishes become overfished, mesopredators rise to become the new 'top' predators of over-exploited marine communities. To gain insight into ensuing mechanisms that might alter indirect species interactions, we examined how behavioural responses to an upper-level predatory fish might differ between mesopredator species with different life histories. In rocky reefs of the northeast Pacific Ocean, adult lingcod (Ophiodon elongatus) are upper-level predators that use a sit-and-wait hunting mode. Reef mesopredators that are prey to adult lingcod include kelp greenling (Hexagrammos decagrammus), younger lingcod, copper rockfish (Sebastes caurinus) and quillback rockfish (S. maliger). Across these mesopredators species, longevity and age at maturity increases and, consequently, the annual proportion of lifetime reproductive output decreases in the order just listed. Therefore, we hypothesized that the level of risk taken to acquire resources would vary interspecifically in that same order. During field experiments we manipulated predation risk with a model adult lingcod and used fixed video cameras to quantify interactions between mesopredators and tethered prey (Pandalus shrimps). We predicted that the probabilities of inspecting and attacking tethered prey would rank from highest to lowest and the timing of these behaviours would rank from earliest to latest as follows: kelp greenling, lingcod, copper rockfish, and quillback rockfish. We also predicted that responses to the model lingcod, such as avoidance of interactions with tethered prey, would rank from weakest to strongest in the same order. Results were consistent with our predictions suggesting that, despite occupying similar trophic levels, longer-lived mesopredators with late maturity have stronger antipredator responses and therefore experience lower foraging rates in the presence of predators than mesopredators with faster life histories. The corollary is that the fishery removal of top predators, which relaxes predation risk, could potentially lead to stronger increases in foraging rates for mesopredators with slower life histories.
A Compact High-Performance Orthomode Transducer for the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) Band 1 (31–45 GHz) (2013)

This paper describes a compact high-performance orthomode transducer (OMT) with a circular waveguide input and two rectangular waveguide outputs based on the superimposition of three aluminum blocks. Several prototypes operating in the band 1 (31-45 GHz) of the atacama large millimeter array have been fabricated and measured. The design is based on the use of a turnstile junction that is machined in a single block, requiring neither alignment nor a high degree of mechanical tolerances. Thus, a high repeatability of the design is possible for mass production. Across the 31-45 GHz band, the isolation is better than 50 dB and the return losses at the input and outputs of the OMT are better than -25 dB.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTH. UND PHARMAKOLOGIE VON DESAMINOTOCINAMID UND EINE NEUE SYNTH. VON TOCINAMID (1971)

Abstract Ausgehend von dem N‐(Asparaginyl)‐cysteinester (I), werden durch schrittweisen Aufbau nach der p‐Nitrophenylester‐Methode (p‐Nitrophenyl als Schutzgruppe für die C‐terminale Carboxygruppe) die Peptide (IIa) bzw. (IVa) dargestellt und mit flüssigem NH 3 in die Amide (IIb) bzw. (IVb) übergeführt.
Morphological filtering of SAR interferometric images (2010)

This paper proposes a new morphological filter for SAR interferograms. It is based on a modified version of alternate sequential filters with reconstruction (MASF), in which the structuring elements are adaptively defined according to the fringe directions. This provides a good fidelity to the fringe information while efficiently removing noise. Another feature of the proposed approach is to apply the filter on the original interferogram and on shifted version, to overcome the wrapping of the phase, and to combine the two results. The proposed filtering technique is then tested on both simulated and real data with different levels of noise. It is also compared to previous techniques according to simplicity and noise reduction.
BrdU-induced changes in the provirus of PR-RSV in mammalian cells. (1988)

Previously we demonstrated differences in the organization and methylation pattern of integrated Rous sarcoma proviral sequences in helper-dependent virogenic rat TWERC cells. In the present study we attempted to induce changes in the integrated viral genome of TWERC cells using 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU). Four clones (A, B, C, and F) derived from the parental cell line were treated for 10 months with different concentrations of BrdU. Restriction enzyme analysis of the parental cell line and its clones showed that the cells contained in their genomic DNA two copies of deleted provirus. In TWERC cells, the PR-RSV provirus lost the whole env gene and part of the 3' end of the pol gene. The proviral sequences in DNA from the TWERC-derived clones were found to be hypermethylated. A slightly different situation was seen in clone C where demethylation of the provirus in the 3' region and in the 5' end of the genome was found. The level of mRNA expression both in the parental cells and in the clones correlated with the methylation pattern of the PR-RSV provirus. Clone C was less methylated and expressed more virus-specific RNA. The possible role of BrdU in these events is discussed.
The subcellular distribution of the Arabidopsis histidine phosphotransfer proteins is independent of cytokinin signaling (2010)

Cytokinins are a class of mitogenic plant hormones that play an important role in most aspects of plant development, including shoot and root growth, vascular and photomorphogenic development and leaf senescence. A model for cytokinin perception and signaling has emerged that is similar to bacterial two-component phosphorelays. In this model, binding of cytokinin to the extracellular domain of the Arabidopsis histidine kinase (AHKs) receptors induces autophosphorylation within the intracellular histidine-kinase domain. The phosphoryl group is subsequently transferred to cytosolic Arabidopsis histidine phosphotransfer proteins (AHPs), which have been suggested to translocate to the nucleus in response to cytokinin treatment, where they then transfer the phosphoryl group to nuclear-localized response regulators (Type-A and Type-B ARRs). We examined the effects of cytokinin on AHP subcellular localization in Arabidopsis and, contrary to expectations, the AHPs maintained a constant nuclear/cytosolic distribution following cytokinin treatment. Furthermore, mutation of the conserved phosphoacceptor histidine residue of the AHP, as well as disruption of multiple cytokinin signaling elements, did not affect the subcellular localization of the AHP proteins. Finally, we present data indicating that AHPs maintain a nuclear/cytosolic distribution by balancing active transport into and out of the nucleus. Our findings suggest that the current models indicating relocalization of AHP protein into the nucleus in response to cytokinin are incorrect. Rather, AHPs actively maintain a consistent nuclear/cytosolic distribution regardless of the status of the cytokinin response pathway.
Polyaniline: conformational changes induced in solution by variation of solvent and doping level (1995)

The reduced viscosity of mixtures of polyaniline (emeraldine base, EB) and d,l-camphorsulfonic acid (HCSA) in solutions of m-cresol or chloroform (or in mixtures of these solvents) was investigated. Viscosity measurements as a function of (a) increasing m-cresol content in the mixed solvent for a fully protonated ‘EBH+/CSA−’ polymer, and (b) increasing protonation level of EB by increasing amounts of HCSA in m-cresol, indicate that the fully protonated polymer adopts a maximized expanded molecular conformation in a good solvent such as m-cresol. These results suggest that the greatly different conductivities obtained for ‘EBH+/CSA−’ films cast from m-cresol or chloroform solutions result primarily from their different molecular conformations in these solvents.
Basic Neuropsychopharmacology (2008)

This chapter contains sections titled: Psychiatric Disorders and Psychotropic Medications Basic Principles of Clinical Pharmacology Imaging Studies on the Distribution of Drugs in the Human Brain Imaging Studies of the Effects of Drugs at their Cellular Targets Effects of Drugs on Brain Function and Neural Networks Conclusions References
High Intensity Exercise Promotes Escape of Adrenocorticotropin and Cortisol from Suppression by Dexamethasone: Sexually Dimorphic Responses1 (1998)

Exercise promotes escape of ACTH and cortisol from suppression by dexamethasone (DEX) in some healthy men and women. To determine whether stimulus strength, diurnal rhythmicity, or gender influences neuroendocrine escape during DEX suppression, we studied men (n = 5) and women (n = 5) during high intensity exercise tests after taking 4 mg DEX: two tests (one at 90% and one at 100% of maximal aerobic capacity) were conducted in the morning and two were performed in the afternoon on nonconsecutive days. Plasma ACTH and cortisol showed significantly greater increases with the 100% compared to the 90% intensity exercise (ACTH: 90%, 2 +/- 0.4; 100%, 3 +/- 0.5 pmol/L; cortisol: 90%, 53 +/- 5.3; 100% 93 +/- 23.6 nmol/L). Plasma cortisol responses were significantly higher in women than in men (P < 0.01). Plasma arginine vasopressin (AVP) exhibited significant intensity-dependent increases, with higher responses in women than men (P < 0.01). In conclusion, despite high dose glucocorticoid pretreatment, intense exercise can override the glucocorticoid negative feedback of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activation in most normal men and women. This ability to override cortisol negative feedback inhibition may relate to the magnitude of the AVP response, the potency/specificity of the stressor to elicit a CRH/AVP response, and/or the sensitivity of the glucocorticoid negative feedback system at the time of the stress.
Glycosaminoglycans treatment increases IGF-I muscle levels and counteracts motor neuron death: A novel nonanticoagulant action (1999)

The present study shows that sciatic nerve crush in 2-day-old rats causes extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle atrophy and motor neuron loss and that treatment with glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) promotes muscle reinnervation, motor neuron survival, and markedly increases insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) content in the denervated muscles. EDL muscle denervation-induced atrophy in saline-treated rats is progressive and reaches the greatest extent at 42 days after birth, which correlates with reduced EDL weight growth. There is also a partial reinnervation as shown by the number of reinnervated EDL muscle fibers (65.4% of control) and by the poor restoration of the indirect isometric twitch tension (62% of control) that is further reduced under tetanic stimulation (34% of control). The number of surviving motor neurons that innervate EDL muscle drops from 55 +/- 3 to 29 +/- 8. In GAGs-treated 42-day-old rats, the effects of neonatal nerve lesioning on EDL muscle atrophy and denervation are successfully reversed, and the isometric twitch tension and the capacity to hold tetanic stimulation are restored to almost control levels. The number of surviving EDL motor neurons is also increased to 43 +/- 4. Treatment with GAGs selectively affects IGF-I content in denervated hindlimb muscles, which is augmented from 7.02 +/- 0.71 ng/mg tissue to 25.72 +/- 0.7 in the EDL and from 3.2 +/- 0.18 to a robust 211 +/- 9.6 in the soleus.
Towards a scalable heterogeneous P2P data and knowledge sharing facility (2006)

Starting with research issues, the paper explores how a scalable P2P/DAKS facility can be supported with inter-peer schema heterogeneity, while preserving peer autonomy, such that a given peer can join multiple P2P coalitions (i.e. networks) of its interest. Peers need to provide coalition-specific ontologies of their schemas, which are dynamically integrated and managed by the system. The scalability is provided through the concepts of topic-tree, class, minder and domain, all of which can change dynamically without requiring any action from the peer users. An associated central issue covered is integration technique and integration compatibility of ontologies.
The Reaction between β-Keto Esters and Arylamines in the Presence of Polyphosphoric Acid. II.<sup>1</sup> Ethyl Acetoacetate and Its α-Alkyl Derivatives and Arylamines (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Reaction between β-Keto Esters and Arylamines in the Presence of Polyphosphoric Acid. II.1 Ethyl Acetoacetate and Its α-Alkyl Derivatives and ArylaminesA. K. Mallams and S. S. IsraelstamCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1964, 29, 12, 3548–3555Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01035a026https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01035a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views297Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Nutritional Potential of the Nut of Tropical Almond (Terminalia Catappia L.) (2006)

Nuts play an important role in the diet of many people in the world. They serve to supplement the nutrients provided by cereals, legumes and vegetables. The goal of this study was to investigate the nutritional potential of the nut of Tropical Almond (Terminalia catappia L.). To this end the mineral composition, proximate composition, vitamin A and C content, nitrite and total acidity levels of the nut were analyzed. The results showed the presence of significant amount of phosphorus (22000 µg/g dry weight), large amounts of carbohydrates (78.14% dry weight) and crude fat (16.35% dry weight) in the nut. Magnesium, Calcium, Iron, Zinc, Sodium and Manganese were also detected at significant levels. Vitamins A and C were also present at levels, which can supplement other dietary sources. Nitrite and total acidity were low, thus making the nut safe for consumption. The result of the study shows that Tropical Almond nut can contribute useful amounts of essential nutrients to the diet of man.
Comparison of in situ and in vitro CT scan-based finite element model predictions of proximal femoral fracture load (2003)

Hip fracture is a serious and common injury that can lead to permanent disability, pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, and death. Research to help prevent these fractures is essential. Computed tomographic (CT) scan-based finite element (FE) modeling is a tool that can predict proximal femoral fracture loads in vitro. Because this tool might be used in vivo, this study examined whether FE models generated from CT scans in situ and in vitro yield comparable predictions of proximal femoral fracture load. CT scans of the left proximal femur of two human cadavers were obtained in situ and in vitro, and three-dimensional FE models employing nonlinear mechanical properties were generated from each CT scan. The models were evaluated under single-limb stance-type loading by applying displacements incrementally to the femoral head. The FE-predicted fracture load (F(FE)) was the maximum femoral head reaction force. F(FE) for the in situ-derived models for the two subjects were 5.2 and 13.3% greater than for the in vitro-derived models. These results demonstrate that using CT scan data obtained in situ instead of in vitro to generate FE models can lead to substantially different predicted fracture loads. This effect must be considered when using this technology in vivo.
Aorto—Left Renal Vein Fistula: Is There a Place for Endovascular Management? (1999)

Purpose: To describe the endovascular treatment of an aorto-left renal vein fistula. Methods and Results: A 77-year-old man with multiple comorbidities presented with low back pain, hematuria, cyanosis, and a pulsatile abdominal mass. Imaging confirmed a 7-cm abdominal aortic aneurysm with a contained rupture into the left renal vein. Owing to the patient's high surgical risk, a Talent Endoluminal Stent-Graft was implanted to satisfactorily exclude the aneurysm. Hemodynamic stability and normal renal function were restored; however, continued perfusion of the sac prompted an attempt to percutaneously repair the renal vein defect. This effort failed, so open laparotomy was necessary. Conclusions: Although total endovascular management was not successful in this case, the initial use of a minimally invasive approach allowed the patient's clinical status to improve and lower the risk of subsequent surgery.
Modeling Alpha-Band Functional Connectivity for MEG Resting State Data: Oscillations and Delays in a Spiking Neuron Model (2013)

Figure 1 A: Sketch of the global model graph, each node consisting
Modeling and assessing quality of information in multisensor multimedia monitoring systems (2011)

Current sensor-based monitoring systems use multiple sensors in order to identify high-level information based on the events that take place in the monitored environment. This information is obtained through low-level processing of sensory media streams, which are usually noisy and imprecise, leading to many undesired consequences such as false alarms, service interruptions, and often violation of privacy. Therefore, we need a mechanism to compute the quality of sensor-driven information that would help a user or a system in making an informed decision and improve the automated monitoring process. In this article, we propose a model to characterize such quality of information in a multisensor multimedia monitoring system in terms of certainty, accuracy/confidence and timeliness. Our model adopts a multimodal fusion approach to obtain the target information and dynamically compute these attributes based on the observations of the participating sensors. We consider the environment context, the agreement/disagreement among the sensors, and their prior confidence in the fusion process in determining the information of interest. The proposed method is demonstrated by developing and deploying a real-time monitoring system in a simulated smart environment. The effectiveness and suitability of the method has been demonstrated by dynamically assessing the value of the three quality attributes with respect to the detection and identification of human presence in the environment.
Example-based Body Model Optimization and Skinning (2016)

In this paper, we present an example-based framework for the generation of a realistic kinematic 3D human body model that optimizes shape, pose and skinning parameters. For enhanced realism, the skinning is realized as a combination of Linear Blend Skinning (LBS) and Dual quaternion Linear Blending (DLB) which nicely compensates the deficiencies of using only one of these approaches (e.g. candy wrapper, bulging artifacts) and supports interpolation of more than two joint transformations. The optimization framework enforces two objectives: resembling both shape and pose as closely as possible by iteratively minimizing the objective function with respect to (a) the vertices, (b) the skinning weights and (c) the joint parameters. Smoothness is ensured by using a weighted Laplacian besides a typical data term in the objective function, which introduces the only parameter to be specified. With experimental results on publicly available datasets we demonstrate the effectiveness of the resulting shape model, exposing convincing naturalism. By using examples for the optimization of all parameters, our framework is easy to use and does not require sophisticated parameter tuning or user intervention.
Spinodal decomposition in a semidilute suspension of rodlike macromolecules (2000)

The Doi-Shimada-Okano [J. Chem. Phys. 88, 4070 (1988)] theory of the spinodal decomposition in a suspension of rods is reinvestigated analytically. Short enough rods may rotate fairly unhindered so we emphasize translational diffusion. The excluded-volume effect between the rods gives rise to a coupling of the orientational and translational degrees of freedom. This effect may be addressed correctly because the kernel in the equation describing the dynamic evolution of the one-particle distribution turns out to be degenerate. The two principal eigenvalues calculated analytically agree with previous numerical work by Maeda [Macromolecules 22, 1881 (1989); 23, 1464 (1990)]. It is concluded that the associated relaxation modes do not represent pure density and orientation fluctuation modes.
ChemInform Abstract: TIEFTEMPERATUR‐SPEKTROSKOPISCHER NACHWEIS ZWEIER KONFIGURATIONS‐ISOMERER DIENYLKETENE AUS 6‐METHYL‐6‐PHENYL‐CYCLOHEXA‐2,4‐DIENON (1970)

Abstract Die sich bei der Bestrahlung des racemischen Ketons (I) mit 365 nm‐Licht primär bildenden Photoprodukte lassen sich mit Hilfe der Tieftemperatur‐ Technik UV‐ und IR‐spektroskopisch unmittelbar nachweisen.
Extended Velocity Potential Wave Kinematics (1981)

A double Fourier series expansion of the velocity potential for water waves was used to treat nonlinear single harmonic waves and irregular waves measured in the ocean test structure experiment. The (extended) velocity potential (EXVP) satisfies the governing hydrodynamic equations in the body of the water and matches the boundary conditions at the waves surface in the least-squares sense. The waves that are treatable with this velocity procedure can have a range of crest values for a specified wave height, period and water depth. In contrast, the common Stokes velocity procedures can treat only waves of fixed crest, for a given wave height, period and water depth. The water velocities measured for irregular waves in the ocean test structure experiment are in good agreement with the velocities predicted by this procedure; these correlations are significantly better than velocity correlations with the Stokes wave representation.
RF Exposure Assessment of Children's Organs using surrogate model built with electromagnetic solvers and Statistics (2015)

The stochastic dosimetry is a novel approach combining numerical electromagnetic solver and statistics to manage the influence of variations of the inputs on the outputs of heavy dosimetric numerical calculations. In this paper, a surrogate model to heavy simulations is built and used to assess the RF exposure of children's organs with a mobile located in a trouser pocket, with a device having 4 degrees of freedom for its location The surrogate model is built using a truncation of a Generalized Polynomial Chaos Expansion. The surrogate model, substituted to the FDTD method (Finite Difference in Time Domain method), is after that, with 10,000 estimations, used to characterize the statistical distribution of the organs exposure