gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS)-entropy Methodology for Inherent Safety Design Decision Making Tool (2016)

Inherently Safer Design (ISD) concept has been recognized as a way to achieve safer operation and economically attractive for the process plant. However, the challenges in selecting between ISD alternatives are the need to satisfy conflicting objectives. Therefore, there is the need for a multi-criteria decision-making tool that can make a reliable, coherent and defensible decision. The objective of this paper is to illustrate the use of the TOPSIS-entropy method as a decision-making tool to evaluate the trade-off of ISD alternatives. Entropy method was included in TOPSIS calculation to remove the subjectivity problem during the weight scoring process for attributes. This methodology has been applied to identify the best ISD alternatives for methyl isocyanate storage at West Virginia fertilizer production plant. The results show that the rank obtained for ISD alternatives influenced by the weight value that indicate the priority given to the attributes. The Du Pont method has been identified as the best option when higher priority given to the attributes under external/regulatory pressure and the existing methodology with inventory reduction has been identified as the best option when higher priority given to the attributes under internal/cost pressure. The results obtained using TOPSIS-entropy method are congruent with the results reported in the previous work using Multi Attribute Utility Analysis proves that this method can be used to resolve ISD conflicts effectively. More than that, the capability of TOPSIS to deal with different types of weight estimation techniques gives an added value to this methodology.
Multiscale edge analysis of potential field data (1999)

Mapping the three-dimensional distribution of rock properties from potential field data is a difficult and arduous task, with inherent ambiguity remaining a major problem. We apply a combination of automated interpretation procedures, based on multiscale wavelet analysis and three- dimensional visualisation methods, in an attempt to extract geometrical information from potential field datasets, and display this information in an easily understandable and intuitive way. The resulting visualisations are similar to ‘worm’ maps commonly produced by interpretation of aeromagnetic data, but are defined in three dimensions.The techniques are tested on a series of synthetic and observed datasets, of varying complexity and geographical scale. The tests show both the effectiveness of the technique as an aid to the geological interpretation of potential field maps and in its use for providing constraints on the three-dimensional geology.The results of the testing on synthetic datasets show that for certain geometries there is an intuitive relationship between 3D edge location and shape, and subsurface geometries. Such relationships prove particularly robust even under ‘noisy’ conditions where surface features (e.g. the response of laterites in magnetic datasets) mask the coarser scale features that characterise the broader geological picture.Three real datasets at different geographical scales have been analysed. These include the Western Australian gravity dataset (representing the continent-scale), aeromagnetic data covering a 1:100,000 scale map sheet from central Victoria (representing the district-scale), and a prospect- scale aeromagnetic dataset from a mineralised greenstone terrane in Western Australia. The results produce different information at the different scales. At the continent-scale the multiscale edges allow discrimination of different tectonic styles, and comparison of the significance of crustal-scale structures. At the district- to prospect-scale, the edges can be used for geological mapping purposes such as to map subtle changes in sedimentary sequences, map alteration patterns, and constrain pluton geometries at depth.
TurKeyX: Turkish keyphrase extractor (2008)

Keyphrases are useful information extracted from documents. They reflect the main ideas of the text. Therefore knowing the list of keyphrases can save substantial amount of time which can be lost during searching for a document about a particular topic. Unfortunately, there are many documents which do not include a list of keyphrases. Thus automatic extraction of keyphrases becomes an important task. In this paper, a method for Turkish keyphrase extraction is explained.
A thermochemical model of radiation damage and annealing applied to GaAs solar cells (1981)

Calculations of the equilibrium conditions for continuous radiation damage and thermal annealing are reported. The calculations are based on a thermochemical model developed to analyze the incorporation of point imperfections in GaAs, and modified by introducing the radiation to produce native lattice defects rather than high-temperature and arsenic atmospheric pressure. The concentration of a set of defects, including vacancies, divacancies, and impurity vacancy complexes, are calculated as a function of temperature. Minority carrier lifetimes, short circuit current, and efficiency are deduced for a range of equilibrium temperatures. The results indicate that GaAs solar cells could have a mission life which is not greatly limited by radiation damage.
Media Forensics and DeepFakes: An Overview (2020)

With the rapid progress in recent years, techniques that generate and manipulate multimedia content can now provide a very advanced level of realism. The boundary between real and synthetic media has become very thin. On the one hand, this opens the door to a series of exciting applications in different fields such as creative arts, advertising, film production, and video games. On the other hand, it poses enormous security threats. Software packages freely available on the web allow any individual, without special skills, to create very realistic fake images and videos. These can be used to manipulate public opinion during elections, commit fraud, discredit or blackmail people. Therefore, there is an urgent need for automated tools capable of detecting false multimedia content and avoiding the spread of dangerous false information. This review paper aims to present an analysis of the methods for visual media integrity verification, that is, the detection of manipulated images and videos. Special emphasis will be placed on the emerging phenomenon of deepfakes, fake media created through deep learning tools, and on modern data-driven forensic methods to fight them. The analysis will help highlight the limits of current forensic tools, the most relevant issues, the upcoming challenges, and suggest future directions for research.
Mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid content is specifically decreased in adult, but not fetal, pancreatic islets of the Goto-Kakizaki rat, a genetic model of noninsulin-dependent diabetes (1995)

Considerable interest has recently been focused on the putative role of mutations in the mitochondrial genome for the development of noninsulin-dependent diabetes. The Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rat, a genetic model of defective insulin secretion and hyperglycemia, is characterized by partial maternal inheritance. Because the mitochondrial genome is known to be maternally transmitted, the aim of this study was to investigate whether the GK syndrome can be explained in terms of alterations of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). For this purpose, pancreatic islets were isolated from adult and fetal control Wistar and diabetic GK rats. Using electron microscopy, the ultrastructural morphology of beta-cell mitochondria was analyzed in control and GK islets. It was found that the beta-cells of adult GK rats had a significantly smaller mitochondrial volume and an increased number of mitochondria per unit tissue volume as compared with the beta-cells of corresponding control islets. Moreover, mtDNA and mtRNA were isolated from the islets and, as a control tissue, from liver, and subsequently analyzed using Southern and Northern blot techniques. No major deletions or restriction fragment polymorphism could be detected in mtDNA from both GK liver and GK islets. The mtDNA sequence of the transfer RNAleu(UUS) gene was identical in both strains of rats. mtDNA contents of fetal GK islets and fetal GK liver were not different from those of fetal Wistar rats. However, adult GK islets contained markedly less mtDNA than the corresponding control islets, contrary to the mtDNA contents of adult liver, which were similar in the two strains. The lower islet mtDNA contents were paralleled by a decreased content of islet mtRNA (12S ribosomal RNA and cytochrome b messenger RNA). Islet insulin messenger RNA contents were similar in GK and Wistar rats. In conclusion, our results do not support a role of a genetic defect in mtDNA as a cause of the GK syndrome. Instead, mtDNA damage may occur specifically in islet cells as a consequence of the disturbed metabolic environment of the adult GK rat. It is speculated that a long-lasting metabolic dysfunction may induce mtDNA damage and/or inhibition of mtDNA replication leading to a gradual and late decrease in the mitochondrial volume fraction and subsequently an impaired capacity for oxidative metabolism.
HAPLOTYPE PHASING BY MULTI-ASSEMBLY OF SHARED HAPLOTYPES: PHASE-DEPENDENT INTERACTIONS BETWEEN RARE VARIANTS (2010)

In this paper we propose algorithmic strategies, Lander-Waterman-like statistical estimates, and genome-wide software for haplotype phasing by multi-assembly of shared haplotypes. Specifically, we consider four types of results which together provide a comprehensive workflow of GWAS data sets: (1) statistics of multi-assembly of shared haplotypes (2) graph theoretic algorithms for haplotype assembly based on conflict graphs of sequencing reads (3) inference of pedigree structure through haplotype sharing via tract finding algorithms and (4) multi-assembly of shared haplotypes of cases, controls, and trios. The input for the workflows that we consider are any of the combination of: (A) genotype data (B) next generation sequencing (NGS) (C) pedigree information. (1) We present Lander-Waterman-like statistics for NGS projects for the multi-assembly of shared haplotypes. Results are presented in Sec. 2. (2) In Sec. 3, we present algorithmic strategies for haplotype assembly using NGS, NGS + genotype data, and NGS + pedigree information. (3) This work builds on algorithms presented in Halldórsson et al. and are part of the same library of tools co-developed for GWAS workflows. (4) Section 3.3.1 contains algorithmic strategies for multi-assembly of GWAS data. We present algorithms for assembling large data sets and for determining and using shared haplotypes to more reliably assemble and phase the data. Workflows 1-4 provide a set of rigorous algorithms which have the potential to identify phase-dependent interactions between rare variants in linkage equilibrium which are associated with cases. They build on our extensive work on haplotype phasing, haplotype assembly, and whole genome assembly comparison.
ELMO: extending (sequential) languages with migratable objects-compiler support (2002)

Efficient task migration is an important feature in parallel and distributed programs, in particular to support checkpointing and recovery for fault tolerance. It is also very useful in distributed environments like networks of workstations where external loads are often unpredictable and dynamic in nature. We propose simple language extensions (ELMO) to existing sequential programming languages like C, Fortran or C++, that provide an object based task parallel execution model. Tasks may be dynamically created, are location transparent, and may be migrated or check pointed transparently by the system. ELMO's language features, together with the requisite compiler support is presented.
Design of double L-slot microstrip patch antenna for WiMAX and WLAN application (2012)

A dual-band design of a finite ground coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed antenna is presented for simultaneously wireless local area network (WLAN) and worldwide interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. The proposed antenna, comprising a rectangular planar patch element embedded with two L shaped slots. The simulated -10 dBi bandwidth for return loss is from 2 to 6 GHz, covering some of the WiMAX and WLAN bands. The parametric study is performed to understand the characteristics of the proposed antenna. Also, good antenna performances such as radiation patterns and antenna gains over the operating bands have been observed and simulated peak gain of the antenna is 7.68 dBi at 2.8 GHz and maximum return loss is obtained is -35 dBi at 4.8GHz.
Heterogeneous and solid supported dendrimer catalysts (2002)

A graphical abstract is available for this content
Plasma–catalysis: the known knowns, the known unknowns and the unknown unknowns (2016)

This review describes the history and development of plasma-assisted catalysis focussing mainly on the use of atmospheric pressure, non-thermal plasma. It identifies the various interactions between the plasma and the catalyst that can modify and activate the catalytic surface and also describes how the catalyst affects the properties of the discharge. Techniques for in situ diagnostics of species adsorbed onto the surface and present in the gas-phase over a range of timescales are described. The effect of temperature on plasma-catalysis can assist in determining differences between thermal catalysis and plasma-activated catalysis and focuses on the meaning of temperature in a system involving non-equilibrium plasma. It can also help to develop an understanding of the gas-phase and surface mechanism of the plasma-catalysis at a molecular level. Our current state of knowledge and ignorance is highlighted and future directions suggested.
Comparison and Application of Multiple 3D LIDAR Fusion Methods for Object Detection and Tracking (2020)

Environment perception is a critical part of autonomous driving which is required to get a reliable and accurate object information from environment. LIDAR sensors are thought to be a key enabler for autonomous cars through their significant advantages on wide field-of-view and high-resolution capabilities. Automotive companies' interest in LIDAR sensors is also thought to increase with slashed sensor prices over the years. Our main aim in this research is to get more precise object detection and tracking (ODT) system in real time for autonomous vehicles. In this paper, we have developed, applied and tested two different (low and high) realtime sensor fusion methods on multiple 3D LIDAR sensors for environment perception. The first contribution of this work is proposing and implementing “high level track-to-track fusion” method on multiple 3D LIDAR sensors. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first automotive application of track-to-track fusion method on multiple 3D LIDARs. Another contribution is the analysis and comparison of track-to-track fusion method performance with the well-studied low-level real-time fusion method. These two real-time fusion strategies are implemented in the experimental test truck which is instrumented with two 3D LIDAR sensors and the performance of the fusion strategies are tested under three different driving scenarios. Additionally, the ground truth data is collected with the help of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) in high accuracy for performance evaluation. The test results are analyzed in terms of defined performance criteria and the benefits & weaknesses of the proposed approach are discussed in this work.
IFOC of five-phase induction motor drive (2013)

This paper presents an indirect field oriented control (IFOC) of five-phase induction motor drive fed by a five-phase inverter using mat lab/simulink. IFOC is an established control method for high dynamic performance AC drives and the control is simple and highly reliable. Three phase induction motors have many well recognized advantages however their applications are limited to lower end of the high power range due to limitations on rating of power semiconductor devices. A strong contender in achieving high power is multiphase inverter fed induction motor drive. Multiphase motors have various advantages such as lower torque pulsation, reduced current per phase without increasing the voltage per phase, reduction in harmonic current, greater reliability, fault tolerance and minimal de-rating at occurrence of fault. A dq-axis model of five phase induction motor fed by a five leg inverter is developed and an IFOC controller presented. Simulation results are included to illustrate the performance of the five phase induction motor with IFOC.
Which Test Artifacts Testing Service Providers Should Reuse and How? Experiences from a Case Study in the Chinese ICT Sourcing Market (2011)

Software testing service providers are facing new requirements to shorten service times, lower costs, and increase service customization and quality. Reuse of test artifacts is a possible solution that can help providers to meet the requirements because reuse can improve software quality and productivity. However, the extant literature does not explain in depth which test artifacts should be reused and how. This paper focuses on ICT-enabled sourcing of software testing services in the Chinese market to identify the most important reusable test artifacts. There are two reasons for this research. First, most Chinese service providers are small or medium-sized and have to overcome obstacles such as the lack of advanced core technologies before they can play important roles in the global sourcing market. Second, testing is one of the best ICT services small- and medium-sized providers can provide to develop domain and technological knowledge required to overcome most obstacles.
Factors Determining Mergers of Banks in Malaysia's Banking Sector Reform (2007)

What was termed government-guided merger was a unique banking sector reform implemented in 2002 by the central bank of Malaysia guiding a larger number of depository institutions to form 10 large banks. This paper identifies the factors entering this massive merger exercise. Similar to the finding in bank merger literature, we find larger banks became acquirers. Also, low risk banks had higher probability of becoming an acquiring bank while high-risk banks became targets for takeover. Surprisingly managerial performanceâfinancial ratios and changes in productivity reported as significant factors in prior market-based merger studiesâwas not significant in this study. Banks closely connected to government had greater chance of becoming acquiring banks while the reverse is true of target banks. These findings have not been reported in other studies of mergers, and are likely to be useful to central banks considering similar reforms.
Co-occurrence matrices texture feature-based segmentation of SAR Image (2008)

A new method for segmentation of synthetic aperture radar(SAR) images is presented to consider spatial distributed characters between pixels of SAR images as well as the local means and variances statistics of gray level,a Gaussian autoregressive(GAR) model under a multiresolution pairwise Markov framework.Based on texture feature images from gray level co-occurrence probability statistics,we examine the texture segmentation of SAR image suing the multi-resolution maximization of the posterior marginal(MPM) estimate with corresponding unsupervised segmentation algorithm on those texture feature images.For some SAR images,compared with multiresolution pariwise Markov-GAR model texture segmentation based on gray level images,the results of experimentation show that the proposed method in this paper has a better performance on segmentation precision.
Ferulated Arabinoxylans and Their Gels: Functional Properties and Potential Application as Antioxidant and Anticancer Agent (2018)

In the last years, biomedical research has focused its efforts in the development of new oral delivery systems for the treatment of different diseases. Ferulated arabinoxylans are polysaccharides from cereals that have been gaining attention in the pharmaceutical field due to their prebiotic, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. The antioxidant and anticancer properties of these polysaccharides make them attractive compounds for the treatment of cancer, particularly colon cancer. In addition, ferulated arabinoxylans can form covalent gels through the cross-linking of their ferulic acids. Due to their particular characteristics, ferulated arabinoxylan gels represent an excellent alternative as colon-targeted drug delivery systems. The aim of the present work is to review the physicochemical and functional properties of ferulated arabinoxylans and their gels and to present the future perspectives for potential application as antioxidant and anticancer agents.
A new Markov model for Web access prediction (2002)

Accurately predicting Web user access behavior can minimize user-perceived latency, which is crucial in the rapidly growing World Wide Web. Although traditional Markov models have helped predict user access behavior, they have serious limitations. Hybrid-order treelike Markov models predict Web access precisely while providing high coverage and scalability.
The Context of the Bulger Case and its Ripple Effect (2007)

Abstract This chapter examines, in depth, the way in which the Bulger case has become emblematic of debates surrounding youth crime, and of “evil children” and has been a touchstone for societal responses to such issues. It seeks to place the case in the context of other crimes committed by children looking particularly at the way in which the tension between “child” and criminal” has been mediated by the law. Key themes surrounding the Bulger case, but with more general resonance, are identified and discussed – specifically the notion of the “adult crime” committed by a child; the crime’s visibility through CCTV footage of the abduction of the victim; children’s innocence versus children’s evil; and the fluidity generally of the category of childhood. It then examines sociological constructions of childhood particularly the traditional and the Childhood Studies approaches. Cases covered include those of Mary Cairns (1973); Nicola G (1993) and Peter Henry Barratt and James Bradley (1861).
Large Shareholders and the Monitoring of Managers: The Case of Antitakeover Charter Amendments (1990)

Anup Agrawal, Gershon N. Mandelker, Large Shareholders and the Monitoring of Managers: The Case of Antitakeover Charter Amendments, The Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Vol. 25, No. 2 (Jun., 1990), pp. 143-161
Optic Nerve Head Development in Healthy Infants and Children Using Handheld Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (2016)

We demonstrated feasibility of handheld SD OCT imaging of the ONH in full-term infants and children without anaesthesia or sedation. This is the first in vivo handheld SD OCT study to describe the development of ONH parameters during the critical early years of visual maturation. Our results provide a normative database for use in routine practice and further studies of ONH pathologic features.
Patterning of Electrospun Fibers Using Electroconductive Templates (2007)

Electrospun mats with complex ordered architectures are fabricated by using patterned conductive collectors. The effect of the diameter of the web wires and the protrusions on the formation of the patterns of the fibrous materials are elaborated and woven structures that have been generated by a time-dependent control of the arrangement of the protrusions in the collector are shown (see figure).