gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficient anomaly detection and mitigation in software defined networking environment (2015)

A Computer network or data communication network is a telecommunication network that allows computers to exchange data. Computer networks are typically built from a large number of network devices such as routers, switches and numerous types of middle boxes with many complex protocols implemented on them. They need to accomplish very complex tasks with access to very limited tools. As a result, network management and performance tuning is quite challenging. Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is an emerging architecture purporting to be adaptable, cost-effective, dynamic and manageable pursuing to be suitable for the high-bandwidth, changing nature of today's applications. SDN architectures decouples network control and forwarding functions, making network control to become directly programmable and the underlying infrastructure to be abstracted from applications and network services. The network security is a prominent feature of the network ensuring accountability, confidentiality, integrity, and protection against many external and internal threats. An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is a type of security software designed to automatically alert administrators when someone or something is trying to compromise information system through malicious activities or through security policy violations. Security violation in SDN environment needs to be identified to prevent the system from an attack. The proposed work aims to detect the attacks on SDN environment. Detecting anomalies on SDN environment will be more manageable and efficient.
Return Current Distribution for Improved Stabilization of Pinched Plasmas in Curved Tubes. (1969)

A simple method for producing a curved plasma column which is stable during the time of pinch has been devised by tailoring the return current distribution so that the discharge is partially back-strapped. The experimental results of the improvement in stability obtained by properly arranging the return conductors about the pinch tube and the results of theoretical calculations of the magnetic fields in the curved portion of the pinch tube are given. (Author)
Development of an On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) kit for troubleshooting of compliant vehicles (2013)

This paper presents the development of a generic OBD device and its working with different vehicles based on OBD-TT standards like Land Rover Defender. This device shows the real time vehicle system status, including vehicle speed, engine RPM, throttle position, battery voltage, engine coolant temperature etc. and the diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) for different vehicles. The software has also been indigenously developed which is used as interface between user and the ECU of the vehicle. This device helps the user to understand the vehicle status and check malfunctions by indicating the Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs). This generic device can prove as an easy to use, battery free device that drives power from the vehicle battery and is easily connected to the PC using USB port.
Voluntary village health workers in Papua New Guinea. (1989)

The aid post orderly system remains the cornerstone of primary health services in Papua New Guinea (PNG). Inadequate supervision limits its impact. Recent promotion of voluntary village health aides (VVHA) is leading some provincial Divisions of Health to start large-scale projects, which are even more likely to break down through poor supervision. VVHAs are in general inappropriate to provide widespread curative care in PNG. Health personnel should rather reinforce and support existing services. However, voluntary village aide schemes may be appropriate in localized disadvantaged areas. Health planners should consider carefully their goals in setting up such schemes; how they are going to develop projects; and, if villagers want VVHA schemes, the staff required for training and supervision. Monitoring and evaluation should be incorporated into the initial design and provide feedback to participants. Intensive supervision may be appropriate for a defined period, with subsequent closure of the project, or its absorption into the existing health care framework.
Low-Level Image Cues in the Perception of Translucent Materials (2005)

When light strikes a translucent material (such as wax, milk or fruit flesh), it enters the body of the object, scatters and reemerges from the surface. The diffusion of light through translucent materials gives them a characteristic visual softness and glow. What image properties underlie this distinctive appearance? What cues allow us to tell whether a surface is translucent or opaque? Previous work on the perception of semitransparent materials was based on a very restricted physical model of thin filters [Metelli 1970; 1974a,b]. However, recent advances in computer graphics [Jensen et al. 2001; Jensen and Buhler 2002] allow us to efficiently simulate the complex subsurface light transport effects that occur in real translucent objects. Here we use this model to study the perception of translucency, using a combination of psychophysics and image statistics. We find that many of the cues that were traditionally thought to be important for semitransparent filters (e.g., X-junctions) are not relevant for solid translucent objects. We discuss the role of highlights, color, object size, contrast, blur, and lighting direction in the perception of translucency. We argue that the physics of translucency are too complex for the visual system to estimate intrinsic physical parameters by inverse optics. Instead, we suggest that we identify translucent materials by parsing them into key regions and by gathering image statistics from these regions.
Lysosomal-type PLA<sub>2</sub>and turnover of alveolar DPPC (2001)

This study evaluated the role of a lysosomal-type phospholipase A2 (aiPLA(2)) in the degradation of internalized dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and in phospholipid synthesis by the rat lung. Uptake and degradation of DPPC were measured in isolated perfused rat lungs over 3 h following endotracheal instillation of [(3)H]DPPC in mixed unilamellar liposomes plus or minus MJ33, a specific inhibitor of lung aiPLA(2). Uptake of DPPC was calculated from total tissue-associated radiolabel, and degradation was calculated from the sum of radiolabel in degradation products. Both uptake and degradation were markedly stimulated by addition of 8-bromo-cAMP to the perfusate. MJ33 had no effect on DPPC uptake but decreased DPPC degradation at 3 h by approximately 40-50%. The effect of MJ33 on lung synthesis of DPPC was evaluated with intact rats over a 12- to 24-h period following intravenous injection of radiolabeled palmitate and choline. MJ33 treatment decreased palmitate incorporation into disaturated phosphatidylcholine of lamellar bodies and surfactant by approximately 65% at 24 h but had no effect on choline incorporation. This result is compatible with inhibition of the deacylation/reacylation pathway for DPPC synthesis. These results obtained with intact rat lungs indicate that aiPLA(2) is a major enzyme for degradation of internalized DPPC and also has an important role in DPPC synthesis.
Kinetics and product of ferrous iron oxygenation in aqueous systems (1980)

Iron is the fourth most abundant element by weight in the earth’s crust. The chemistry of aqueous iron primarily involves the ferrous (II) and ferric (III) oxidation states and is of interest in water supplies, wastewaters, limnology, and oceanography. Recent quantitative studies have included: iron removal mechanisms in estuarine and oceanic waters (1-3); adsorption of trace metals by hydrous ferric oxides or ferric oxyhydroxides (4-6); iron speciation and redox reactions in synthetic and real seawater (7-10). \n\nAlthough the oxygenation kinetics of ferrous iron have been studied extensively there is a rather wide spread in the reported rate constant. The present work was undertaken to\nstudy the effect of ionic media, alkalinity, and temperature on the kinetics of ferrous iron oxygenation and to identify the product(s) of oxygenation.
Accumulation of Cannabinoids in Glandular Trichomes of <i>Cannabis</i> (Cannabaceae) (2004)

Abstract Sessile- and capitate-stalked secretory glands are sites of cannabinoid accumulation in Cannabis (Cannabaceae). Analyses show cannabinoids to be abundant in glands isolated from bracts or leaves of pistillate plants. Cannabinoids are concentrated in the secretory cavity formed as an intrawall cavity in the outer wall of the disc cells. Specialized plastids, lipoplasts, in the disc cells synthesize lipophilic substances, such as terpenes, that migrate through the plasma membrane and into the cell wall adjacent to the secretory cavity. These substances enter the cavity as secretory vesicles. An antibody probe for THC shows it to be most abundant along the surface of vesicles, associated with fibrillar material in the cavity, in the cell wall and in the cuticle; little THC was detected in the cytoplasm of disc or other cells. The phenol, phloroglucinol, is abundant in both gland types. A working hypothesis for the site of cannabinoid synthesis is proposed, and must be examined further. Knowledge of the mechanism of cannabinoid synthesis and localization can contribute to efforts to further reduce the THC content in hemp strains for potential agricultural use in the United States and elsewhere.
A preliminary report on the design and performance of ducted windmills (1956)

A preliminary study is made of the theoretical gain in power output obtained with a fully ducted land-land type windmill is compared with the standard unshrouded type windmill. ...
Fabrication of Flexible Thin Film with Pattern Structure and Macroporous Array Consisting of Nanoparticles by Electrophoretic Deposition (2010)

The electrophoretic deposition (EPD) possessing a low working temperature is used to fabricate functional thin films with microstructures onto a flexible substrate. We easily fabricate a flexible thin film in A4 size consisting of TiO 2 nanoparticles onto an indium–tin-oxide/poly(ethylene terephthalate) (ITO/PET). The nanoparticle behavior during the EPD process is described and discussed according to different deposition time. The functional thin film can be applied as a flexible electrode layer of electrochromic displays and dye-sensitized solar cells. Furthermore, owing to the controllable deposition region of EPD, a pattern layer consisting of CdSe nanoparticles can be formed onto the flexible substrate within 1 min by EPD. Finally, by colloidal-template-mediated EPD, a nanostructure of a macroporous array onto flexible substrate can also be obtained. The result shows that the fabrication of nanostructures onto a flexible substrate is easy by EPD.
Factors affecting the noncovalent binding of chlorambucil to rabbit immunoglobulin G. (1974)

The extent to which chlorambucil binds noncovalently to rabbit immunoglobulin G (IgG) is strongly influenced by the ambient temperature, the time allowed for the reaction, and the relative concentrations of the chlorambucil and IgG. The pH and the ionic strength of the reaction mixture are much less critical. Although the pH must be alkaline, and the ionic strength must not be too great, substantial noncovalent binding occurs over a broad range of either pH or ionic strength. Under suitable conditions, up to 64.5 moles of chlorambucil were noncovalently bound per mole of IgG.
지속적인 직류자극이 토끼 비골 골절의 신생골 형성에 미치는 영향 (1994)

This study was performed to identify the effect of constant direct current and to give us methods which can be applied easily in clinic. Six rabbits was used at this experiment. After each animal was fractured at left fibula, divided into experimental group(n=3) and control group(n=3). Experiment duration of electrical stimulation on experimental rabbits was 35 days. Direct current from fifteen microampere to twenty microampere was passed continously through the placed electrode between fracture area and thigh. Negative electrode was placed at fracture area and positive at thigh. Roentgenography was used to observe bone-healing progression over three times-at 15days, 25days and 35days after electrical stimulation. The results obtained are as followings: 1. Both experimental group and control group do not obtain callus formation on the first roentgenography(15 days after ES). 2. On the second roentgenography(25 days after ES) experimental group achieves above 70% on fracture-healing, but control group achieves about 20-30%. an fracture healing. 3. On the third roentgenography(35 days after ES), experimental graup achieves above 85-95% on fracture healing and control group achieves about 60-70% of bone union. Thus, statistically significance(independent t-test) was occured at the second and third roentgenography between experimental group and control group.
Current Nerve Anatomy and Physiology (1891)

Journal Article Current Nerve Anatomy and Physiology Get access ALEX HILL, M.D. ALEX HILL, M.D. Master of Downing CollegeCambridge1 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Brain, Volume 14, Issue 1, 1891, Pages 134–144, https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/14.1.134 Published: 01 January 1891
Preventing grinding wheel from breaking in operation (2004)

The reason causing grinding wheel broken in beating production was analyzed,the requests for preventing wheels from breaking were introduced in conveyance,safekeeping,installation and use.
Force sensing in scanning tunnelling microscopy: observation of adhesion forces on clean metal surfaces (1988)

SUMMARY Tip sample interaction forces were investigated during normal tunnelling operation of the STM using an Ir tip and a polycrystalline Ir sample. Metallic adhesion interaction was observed for tunnel conductivity ranging from 10 −6 to 19 −9 Ω‐1 implying that the actual gap width was of the order of 1–4 Å. Similar experiments performed on a polycrystalline Al sample exposed to 1 Langmuir O 2 showed that tip sample interaction changed from attractive to repulsive on well‐defined areas extending over ∼100 Å 2 which we identified with the oxidized Al surface.
Targeted Protein Degradation and Synapse Remodeling by an Inducible Protein Kinase (2003)

Synaptic plasticity involves the reorganization of synapses at the protein and the morphological levels. Here, we report activity-dependent remodeling of synapses by serum-inducible kinase (SNK). SNK was induced in hippocampal neurons by synaptic activity and was targeted to dendritic spines. SNK bound to and phosphorylated spine-associated Rap guanosine triphosphatase activating protein (SPAR), a postsynaptic actin regulatory protein, leading to degradation of SPAR. Induction of SNK in hippocampal neurons eliminated SPAR protein, depleted postsynaptic density-95 and Bassoon clusters, and caused loss of mature dendritic spines. These results implicate SNK as a mediator of activity-dependent change in the molecular composition and morphology of synapses.
An Acid–Base‐Controllable [c2]Daisy Chain (2008)

The long and the short of it: A bistable molecular muscle, based on a doubly threaded Janus-type [2]rotaxane, is assembled using a template-directed self-assembly process. Under the influence of changes in the pH value, the two identical matching components glide along one another through terminal crown ether moieties, bringing about expansion and contraction of the molecule. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2008/z803036_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Modification of the Natural Flavonoid Myricetin (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The Indirect Fluorination of Cyanuric Chloride<sup>1</sup> (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Indirect Fluorination of Cyanuric Chloride1Abe F. Maxwell, John S. Fry, and Lucius A. BigelowCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 3, 548–549Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01536a010https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01536a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views332Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Novel Genotype Encoding a Single Amino Acid Insertion and Five Other Substitutions Between Residues 64 and 74 of the HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Confers High-Level Cross-Resistance to Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (1999)

Summary: We investigated HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) polymorphisms of plasma isolates from 98 HIV-1-infected study subjects with >2 years of antiretroviral therapy who were failing their current protease inhibitor (PI)-containing regimen. In 1 patient, we detected a virus with a heavily mutated β3-β4 connecting loop of the HIV-1 RT fingers subdomain, consisting of a single aspartate codon insertion between positions 69 and 70 and five additional variations: 64N, K65, K66, 67G, 68Y, T69, Ins D, 70R, W71, R72, K73, 74I. Mutants with the recently described 2-aa insertions between codons 68 and 70 of RT were detected in another 3 patients. Among the four isolates with the 1- or 2-aa insertions, the novel genotype was the most refractory to therapy and displayed the highest level of phenotypic resistance to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). Follow-up samples demonstrated that the novel mutant represents a stable genetic rearrangement and that the amino acid insertions can coexist with nonnucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) mutations resulting in phenotypic resistance to both NRTIs and NNRTIs. An increasing number of HIV-1 isolates containing various insertions in the β3-β4 hairpin of the HIV-1 RT fingers subdomain appear to emerge after prolonged therapy with different NRTIs, and these polymorphisms can confer multiple drug resistance against NRTIs.
Stability of a Penning trap with a quadrupole rotating electric field (2005)

We present theoretical and experimental studies of the center-of-mass (c.m.) stability of ions in a Penning trap with a quadrupole rotating electric field. The rotation frequency of an ion cloud in a Penning trap determines the cloud density and shape, and it can be precisely controlled by a rotating electric field. The quadrupole rotating-field scheme can control pure single-species plasmas in contrast to the dipole field, which is effective only for plasmas composed of two or more species of ions. However, the quadrupole field can modify the trap stability because of the spatial dependence of the electric field. In this study, we theoretically and experimentally determine the c.m. stability condition for ions in a Penning trap with a rotating quadrupole field. The experimental results agree well with the theoretical prediction. In the limit of zero magnetic field we obtain a type of rf trap which uses a rotating quadrupole field and in which the c.m. motion is analytically solvable.
Strategies for Antiviral Drug Discovery (1998)

The need for antiviral drugs is growing rapidly as more viral diseases are recognized. The methods used to discover antiviral drugs have evolved considerably over the past 40 years and the overall process of discovery can be broken down into subprocesses which include lead generation, lead optimization and lead development. Various methods are now employed to ensure these processes are carried out efficiently. For lead generation, screening methodologies have developed to the extent where hundreds of thousands of compounds can be screened against a particular target. An alternative approach is to use the structures of enzyme substrates as a starting point for drug discovery. Much use is now made of X-ray crystallographic data of target-inhibitor complexes for the optimization of lead structures, and methods for preparing libraries of compounds to assist both generation and optimization of leads are well-developed. The methods used to predict and improve the pharmacokinetic properties of compounds are also changing rapidly. Finally, novel approaches to antiviral therapy using oligonucleotide-based compounds or by modulating the host immune response are also being explored. This review discusses these approaches, provides examples of where their application has been successful and sets them against a historical background.
Chaperones in bacteriophage T4 assembly. (1998)

Protein folding in the cell is controlled at the levels of translation and post-translational modification, depends on a number of conserved proteins known as chaperones, and is catalyzed by specific enzymes, such as protein disulfide isomerase and peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerase. The chaperones stabilize folding intermediates and participate in assembly and disaggregation of supramolecular structures. Bacteriophage T4 is an especially convenient system for studying of protein folding mechanisms, since its genome encodes several virus-specific chaperones. In this review, the chaperones of phage T4 that take part in capsid formation (gp31 and gp40) and in folding and assembly of virion tail fibers (gp38, gp57A) have been considered. Protein encoded by gene 31 completely substitutes co-chaperonin GroES of the host cell in folding of the major capsid protein, gp23, aided by chaperonin GroEL. The product of gene 40, which is homologous to analogs of eukaryotic GroEL and peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerase, participates in assembly of gp20 while the formation of procapsid connector. The chaperone encoded by gene 57A is essential for folding and oligomerization of both long and short phage tail fibers. gp38, together with gp57A, participates in the formation of the distal part of the long fibers. This protein seems to represent a principally new group of chaperones that change steric structure of folded polypeptide. One phage chaperone, fibritin, encoded by gene wac (whiskers antigen control) and taking part in assembly the subunits of the long tail fibers is a constituent of the virion. Fibritin is a convenient model for studying mechanisms of folding and oligomerization of fibrous proteins due to its labile triple-stranded alpha-helical coiled-coil structure.
Tamar Herzog, Defining Nations: Immigrants and Citizens in Early Modern Spain and Spanish America. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2003. viii + 325 pp. ISBN 0-300-09253-9. (2004)

Tamar Herzog, Defining Nations: Immigrants and Citizens in Early Modern Spain and Spanish America. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2003. viii + 325 pp. ISBN 0-300-09253-9. - Volume 28 Issue 1