gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Distribution of higher n-alkanes in partially frozen middle-distillate fuels. Final report, October 1982-September 1984 (1985)

In conjunction with continuing studies on the effect of composition on the freezing points of middle distillate fuels, attention was directed to partially frozen fuels. The crystals and residual liquid from partially frozen JP-5 and DFM fuel samples derived from both petroleum and shale were separated from each other and collected by means of the NRL liquid-solid separator apparatus (LSS) at several temperatures below the freezing points of the original samples. The original fuel samples, the solid material (precipitate), and liquid (filtrate) were characterized by gas chromatography (GC). The filtrate data were straightforward. As expected, Van't Hoff plot of the n-alkanes concentrations (log concentrations vs reciprocal absolute temperature) formed straight lines, and their slopes demonstrated the importance of the higher n-alkanes in fuel crystallization at cold temperatures. The precipitate data presented some problems of interpretation since it was observed that the waxy crystal precipitate matrix entrapped significant amounts of liquid (filtrate). The data on solid which were obtained by these methods demonstrated that the higher n-alkanes play the key role in fuel crystallization at low temperatures, concentrating as much as tenfold in the crystallized solids compared to the liquid. Also, it was clearly shown that the n-alkanes form the majormore » part, up to least 95% by weight in some fuels, of the solid crystals formed.« less
Particle Gaussian Mixture (PGM) Filters (2016)

Recursive estimation of nonlinear dynamical systems is an important problem that arises in several engineering applications. Consistent and accurate propagation of uncertainties is important to ensuring good estimation performance. It is well known that the posterior state estimates in nonlinear problems may assume non-Gaussian multimodal densities. In the past, Gaussian mixture filters and particle filters were introduced to handle non-Gaussianity and nonlinearity. However, these methods have seen only limited success as most mixture filters attempt to fix the number of mixture modes during estimation process, and the particle filters suffer from the curse of dimensionality. In this paper, we propose a particle based Gaussian mixture filtering approach for the general nonlinear estimation problem that is free of the particle depletion problem inherent to most particle filters. We employ an ensemble of randomly sampled states for the propagation of state probability density. A Gaussian mixture model of the propagated uncertainty is then recovered by clustering the ensemble. The posterior density is obtained subsequently through a Kalman measurement update of the mixture modes. We prove the weak convergence of the PGM density to the true filter density assuming exponential forgetting of initial conditions by the true filter. The estimation performance of the proposed filtering approach is demonstrated through several test cases.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of (+)‐Testosterone via Intramolecular 1,3‐ Dipolar Cycloaddition of Nitrile Oxide. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Studies on American Paragonimiasis. I. Age Immunity of the Snail Host (1965)

r: Apparent age immunity of the snail Pomatiopsis lapidaria (Say) from Louisiana to infection by Paragonimus kellicotti Ward, 1908, also from Louisiana, is demonstrated. Studies of age immunity of snails to infection by digenetic trematodes have been few. To this author's knowledge there is no report in the literature of a study of differential susceptibility of different size (and hence age) snails to infection by miracidia of Paragonimus kellicotti Ward, 1908, except the statement by Ameel (1934) that small (about 1 mm), but not larger, specimens of Pomatiopsis lapidaria (Say) from Michigan were susceptible to infection. He found 100% susceptibility in these small snails. Dundee (1957) and Sogandares and Malek (1963) have respectively observed that P. lapidaria probably has two breeding periods a year in Michigan and Louisiana. According to Dundee's (1957) data, a snail about 1 mm long would be about 5 weeks old since the growth increment is about 0.1 + mm per week and the snails are about 0.5 mm long when
Noise suppression in auto-regulatory gene networks (2008)

Living cells are characterized by small populations of key molecular components that have large stochastic noise associated with them. Various gene network motifs exist within cells that help reduce these stochastic fluctuations. A common such motif is an auto-regulatory gene network where the protein expressed from the gene inhibits its own transcription. Here the transcription rate of the gene is given as some function of the number of protein molecules present in the cell. We refer to this function as the transcriptional response of the gene network. We develop analytical formulas that relate the stochastic fluctuations in protein numbers with the functional form of the transcriptional response. This is done by first approximating the transcriptional response by a polynomial and then using recently developed moment closure techniques to solve for the statistical moments of the protein population. We show that the protein noise level in these auto-regulatory gene networks is related to the stability of the network and increasing (decreasing) stability leads to attenuation (magnification) of protein noise. Using the above formulas we also investigate the transcriptional response of a specific gene network in lambda phage and show that this network is especially effective at reducing stochastic fluctuations in protein levels.
Factors that influence the androgen receptor cistrome in benign and malignant prostate cells (2019)

The androgen receptor (AR) plays key roles in the development of prostate tissue and the development and progression of prostate cancer (PC). AR guides cytodifferentiation and homeostasis in benign luminal epithelial cells; however, in PC, AR instead drives the uncontrolled proliferation of these cells. This 'AR malignancy shift' (AMS) is a central event in tumorigenesis. Using a ChIP-seq approach in primary human tissues, cell lines, and mouse models, we demonstrate that the AMS occurs in every sample analyzed, suggesting that it is necessary for PC development. Using molecular and genetic techniques, we demonstrate that forkhead box (FOX)A1, HOXB13, GATA2, and c-JUN are involved in the regulation of the AMS. AR-binding sites (ARBS) are enriched for FOX, HOX, and GATA motifs in PC cells but not for c-JUN motifs in benign cells. We show that the SPOP mutation commonly found in localized PCs can cause the AMS but is not transformative on its own and must be coupled to another mutation to transform cells. We show that the AMS occurs in mouse models of PC as well and that chronic low T, which is associated with increased PC risk and aggressiveness in humans, also causes the AMS in mice. We have discovered a previously unrecognized, fundamental tenet of PC, one which explains how and why AR signaling is different in cancer and benign cells. Our work has the potential to be used to stratify patients with localized PC for specific treatments. Furthermore, our work suggests that the AMS is a novel target for the treatment and/or prevention of PC.
POLARIZATION DISTRIBUTION AND PROCESS OF DEPOLARIZATION IN VDF/TrFE FERROELECTRIC COPOLYMERS AND ITS COMPOSITES BY MEANS OF LASER INTENSITY MODULATION METHOD (1999)

Measuring system and method as well as data processing of the laser intensity modulation method(LIMM) have been set up.The polarization distribution and the process of depolarization for VDF/TrFE ferroelectric copolymers are investigated by LIMM.The pyroe
<b>Insertion of Dichlorocarbene into Aromatic Hydrocarbons</b> (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInsertion of Dichlorocarbene into Aromatic HydrocarbonsEllis K. FieldsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1962, 84, 9, 1744–1745Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00868a056https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00868a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views304Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Multi-wavelength time-resolved optical mammography (2004)

A clinical study that has involved more than 150 patients up to now is being performed to test the diagnostic potential of time-resolved transmittance imaging for the detection and characterization of breast lesions. The system routinely operates at 4 wavelengths (683, 785, 913, and 975 nm), thus being sensitive to oxy-, deoxyhemoglobin, water, and lipids. Using a modified instrument operating at 7 wavelengths, images of 43 patients were acquired also at 637 and 656 nm, and proved to offer increased contrast for the detection of malignant lesions.
Identificaçao da Via Lenta na Reentrada Nodal Atrioventricular Usando o Intervalo Atrioventricular Mais Curto (1998)

Em 10 pacientes consecutivos, realizou-se o mapeamento da parede septal do átrio direito durante taquicardia supraventricular por reentrada nodal AV, para comprovar a hipótese de que o intervalo AV mais curto identificava a área de conduçao da via lenta. O septo atrial foi dividido em quatro zonas distintas. Em sete dos pacientes o intervalo AV anterógrado mais curto foi encontrado na zona 3; em dois, na zona 4; no último, na zona 2. A modificaçao por radiofreqüência da via lenta foi obtida com sucesso, em todos os pacientes, na área de conduçao AV mais curta. O intervalo AV durante ritmo sinusal permaneceu inalterado antes e após a ablaçao. Após um seguimento de 21 ±4 meses, nenhum deles teve recorrência dos sintomas.
Measurement of tooth deflection of spur gears in different modules with ultra-high resolution rotary encoders (2004)

超高分解能
Overexpression and characterization of medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoate granule bound polymerases from Pseudomonas putida GPo1 (2009)

The kinetic properties and substrate ranges were determined for both granule bound polymerases. Evidence was provided for the first time that two PHA polymerases exhibited significant differences in granule release and in vitro activity profiles, suggesting that there are substantial functional differences between granule bound PhaC1 and PhaC2.
Stem cell transplantation in patients with severe congenital neutropenia without evidence of leukemic transformation. (2000)

Severe congenital neutropenia (CN) (Kostmann syndrome) is a hematologic disorder characterized by a maturation arrest of myelopoiesis at the promyelocyte/myelocyte stage of development. This arrest results in severe neutropenia leading to absolute neutrophil counts (ANC) below 0.2 x 10(9)/L associated with severe bacterial infections from early infancy. Data on over 300 patients with CN collected by the Severe Chronic Neutropenia International Registry (SCNIR) beginning in 1994 indicate that more than 90% of these patients respond to recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (r-HuG-CSF) treatment with an ANC greater than 1. 0 x 10(9)/L. For patients who are refractory to r-HuG-CSF treatment and continue to have severe and often life-threatening bacterial infections, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the only currently available treatment. We report on a total of 11 patients with CN reported to the SCNIR who underwent transplantation for reasons other than malignant transformation between 1976 and 1998. Of these patients, 8 were nonresponders or showed only partial response to r-HuG-CSF treatment with ongoing infections. Results from these patients suggest that transplantation of stem cells from an HLA-identical sibling is beneficial for patients refractory to r-HuG-CSF. (Blood. 2000;95:1195-1198)
Cytotoxic and Antimalarial Constituents of the Roots of Eurycoma longifolia (1991)

By bioactivity-directed fractionation, five cytotoxic constituents have been characterized from the roots of Eurycoma longifolia collected in Kalimantan, Indonesia. Four canthin-6-one alkaloids, namely, 9-methoxycanthin-6-one, 9-methoxycanthin-6-one-N-oxide, 9-hydroxycanthin-6-one, and 9-hydroxycanthin-6-one-N-oxide, and one quassinoid, eurycomanone, were found to be cytotoxic principles. Each of these compounds was evaluated against a panel of cell lines comprising a number of human cancer cell types [breast, colon, fibrosarcoma, lung, melanoma, KB, and KB-V1 (a multi-drug resistant cell line derived from KB)] and murine lymphocytic leukemia (P-388). The canthin-6-ones 1-4 were found to be active with all cell lines tested except for the KB-V1 cell line. Eurycomanone was inactive against murine lymphocytic leukemia (P-388) but was significantly active against the human cell lines tested. Two additional isolates, the beta-carboline alkaloids beta-carboline-1-propionic acid and 7-methoxy-beta-carboline-1-propionic acid, were not significantly active with these cultured cells. However, compounds 5 and 7 were found to demonstrate significant antimalarial activity as judged by studies conducted with cultured Plasmodium falciparum strains. The structures of the novel compounds 2-4 and 7 were established by spectral and chemical methods.
Polarized angular dependent light scattering properties of gold nanoshells (2004)

Gold nanoshells are a new class of optically-active nanoparticles which have found promising applications in biomedical imaging techniques. We report the study of angular dependent light scattering from gold nanoshells using a self designed automated goniometer. The experimental results compare favorably with the Mie theory calculation for concentric sphere geometries.
Antimicrobial LDPE/EVOH Layered Films Containing Carvacrol Fabricated by Multiplication Extrusion (2018)

This work describes the fabrication of antimicrobial multilayered polymeric films containing carvacrol (used as a model essential oil) by co-extrusion and multiplication technique. The microlayering process was utilized to produce films, with up to 65 alternating layers, of carvacrol-containing low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH). Carvacrol was melt compounded with LDPE or loaded into halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) in a pre-compounding step prior film production. The detailed nanostructure and composition (in terms of carvacrol content) of the films were characterized and correlated to their barrier properties, carvacrol release rate, and antibacterial and antifungal activity. The resulting films exhibit high carvacrol content despite the harsh processing conditions (temperature of 200 °C and long processing time), regardless of the number of layers or the presence of HNTs. The multilayered films exhibit superior oxygen transmission rates and carvacrol diffusivity values that are more than two orders of magnitude lower in comparison to single-layered carvacrol-containing films (i.e., LDPE/carvacrol and LDPE/(HNTs/carvacrol)) produced by conventional cast extrusion. The (LDPE/carvacrol)/EVOH and (LDPE/[HNTs/carvacrol])/EVOH films demonstrated excellent antimicrobial efficacy against <i>E. coli</i> and <i>Alternaria alternata</i> in <i>in vitro</i> micro-atmosphere assays and against <i>A. alternata</i> and <i>Rhizopus</i> in cherry tomatoes, used as the food model. The results presented here suggest that sensitive essential oils, such as carvacrol, can be incorporated into plastic polymers constructed of tailored multiple layers, without losing their antimicrobial efficacy.
Synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of group 4 post-metallocenes bearing (σ-aryl)-2-phenolate-6-pyridyl and -isoquinolinyl auxiliaries (2015)

A new series of group 4 bis(benzyl) complexes supported by (σ-aryl)-2-phenolate-6-pyridyl [O,C,N] ligands have been prepared, and all derivatives have been characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy. In the (1)H NMR spectrum of the Ti derivative where [N] = (ortho-F)-substituted isoquinolinyl, one of the two CH2 resonances is observed as a doublet of doublets (collapsing to a normal d upon (19)F-decoupling), whereas the [(1)H,(19)F]-HMQC correlation spectrum reveals a strong crosspeak for this dd resonance only, thus indicating the presence of intramolecular C-HF-C interactions. [(1)H,(19)F]-HMBC experiments have been performed which reveal a significant scalar component for this coupling and confirm that the interactions are genuine. The contrasting NMR spectral patterns for the (ortho-F)-pyridyl Hf analogue, which exhibits two sets of non-identical doublet of doublets for the methylene resonances, have been rationalized. The activities of the isoquinolinyl-based Ti-[O,C,N] catalysts for ethylene polymerization are superior to those of pyridyl-based congeners.
Fimbrial phase variation in Escherichia coli: dependence on integration host factor and homologies with other site-specific recombinases (1987)

Expression of fimA, the structural gene for type 1 fimbriae of Escherichia coli, is phase variable. Significant homologies were identified between the recombinases which control fimbrial phase variation, FimB and FimE, and the integrase class of site-specific recombinases. Normal expression of fimA was shown to require the integration host factor (IHF). Mutations in either the himA-or the himD (hip) gene, which encode the alpha and beta subunits of IHF, respectively, prevented phase variation and locked expression of fimA in either the "on" or "off" phase. In addition, both himA and himD lesions caused a sevenfold reduction in expression of a phi(fimA-lacZ) operon fusion in strains in which fimA was locked in the on phase. Thus, IHF plays a dual role in controlling fimA expression: it is required both for inversion of the fimA control region and for efficient expression from the fimA promoter. A mechanism by which IHF may exert control over fimA expression is discussed.
A Sorting Nexin PpAtg24 Regulates Vacuolar Membrane Dynamics during Pexophagy via Binding to Phosphatidylinositol-3-Phosphate (2004)

Diverse cellular processes such as autophagic protein degradation require phosphoinositide signaling in eukaryotic cells. In the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris, peroxisomes can be selectively degraded via two types of pexophagic pathways, macropexophagy and micropexophagy. Both involve membrane fusion events at the vacuolar surface that are characterized by internalization of the boundary domain of the fusion complex, indicating that fusion occurs at the vertex. Here, we show that PpAtg24, a molecule with a phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate-binding module (PX domain) that is indispensable for pexophagy, functions in membrane fusion at the vacuolar surface. CFP-tagged PpAtg24 localized to the vertex and boundary region of the pexophagosome-vacuole fusion complex during macropexophagy. Depletion of PpAtg24 resulted in the blockage of macropexophagy after pexophagosome formation and before the fusion stage. These and other results suggest that PpAtg24 is involved in the spatiotemporal regulation of membrane fusion at the vacuolar surface during pexophagy via binding to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate, rather than the previously suggested function in formation of the pexophagosome.
Yeast sphingolipid metabolism: clues and connections (2004)

This review of sphingolipid metabolism in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains information on the enzymes and the genes that encode them, as well as connections to other metabolic pathways. Particular attention is given to yeast homologs, domains, and motifs in the sequence, cellular localization of enzymes, and possible protein-protein interactions. Also included are genetic interactions of special interest that provide clues to the cellular biological roles of particular sphingolipid metabolic pathways and specific sphingolipids.
Controlled pore-size patterning in thin silica film (1997)

Controlled porosity materials are currently the focus of many research groups. Inorganic thin films typically have porosity with long tortuous paths leading to low flux. To attain high selectivity and high flux the ideal film would have short one-dimensional pores. Potential applications of such inorganic membranes are in gas separation for oxygen enrichment, purification of natural gases, and sensor materials. In this study mixed monolayers of octadecyltrimethoxysilane (OTMS) and a template amphiphile were prepared and deposited on silicon substrates as Langmuir-Blodgett films. The template amphiphiles were homogeneously dispersed within the thin silica matrix on the water surface and following pyrolization formed micro-porous membranes. Controlled pore-size patterning has been attempted by varying the mole fraction of siloxane to template amphiphile. The resultant molecularly thick silica films were characterized by ellipsometry, scanning force microscopy, and impedance measurement. Our results on pore-size patterning and our attempt to engineer micro-porous silica thin films by pyrolysis will be presented.
Tetrabutylammonium tris(methylsulfanylmethyl)phenylborate (2009)

In the title molecular salt, C(16)H(36)N(+)·C(12)H(20)BS(3) (-), three of the four n-butyl chains show a trans conformation, whereas the fourth has the C-C-C-C torsion angle in a gauche conformation [-77.8 (5)°]. In the crystal, mol-ecules are packed in layers parallel to the (101) plane.
Managing adult Fontan patients: where do we stand? (2016)

The Fontan operation is performed as a palliative procedure to improve survival in infants born with a functionally univentricular circulation. The success of the operation is demonstrated by a growing adult Fontan population that exists with this unique physiology. Late follow-up has demonstrated expected and unexpected sequelae, and has shown multisystem effects of this circulation. This review discusses the challenges of managing the late complications in terms of understanding this unique physiology and the innovative therapeutic interventions that are being investigated. The challenge remains to maintain quality of life for adult survivors, as well as extending life expectancy.
Special session &#x2014; Henry's Daughters: A new Engineering Ethics movie (2010)

The National Institute for Engineering Ethics has produced a new movie, Henry's Daughters, to aid in teaching professional ethics in engineering. The movie highlights ethical issues at both individual and societal levels. In this special session, participants will learn how to use two cooperative learning strategies together with the new movie. Participants will also learn a classroom assessment technique.