gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Investigating dependence in packet queues with the index of dispersion for work (1991)

The authors continue an investigation of the way diverse traffic from different data applications affects the performance of packet queues. This traffic often exhibits significant dependence among successive interarrival times, among successive service times, and between interarrival times and service times, which can cause a significant degradation of performance under heavy loads (and often even under moderate loads). This dependence and its effects on performance (specifically, the mean steady-state workload) are partially characterized here by the cumulative correlations in the total input process of work, which is referred to as the index of dispersion for work (IDW). The authors evaluate approximations for the mean steady-state workload based on the IDW by making comparisons with computer simulations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A new route to 1,3-dienes using 3-methylene-2,3-dihydrothiophene S,S-dioxide as an allyl sulphone and Michael acceptor: synthesis of (±)-lpsenol (1989)

Substituted 2,5-dihydrothiophene S,S-dioxides, which are stable precursors of the corresponding buta-1,3-dienes, were prepared via reactions of 3-methylene-2,3-dihydrothiophene S,S-dioxide with electrophiles and nucleophiles; this method was applied to the synthesis of (±)-ipsenol.
Association of Deficiency in Antibody Response to Vaccine and Heterogeneity of<i>Ehrlichia risticii</i>Strains with Potomac Horse Fever Vaccine Failure in Horses (1998)

Ehrlichia risticii is the causative agent of Potomac horse fever (PHF), which continues to be an important disease of horses. Commercial inactivated whole-cell vaccines are regularly used for immunization of horses against the disease. However, PHF is occurring in large numbers of horses in spite of vaccination. In a limited study, 43 confirmed cases of PHF occurred between the 1994 and 1996 seasons; of these, 38 (89%) were in horses that had been vaccinated for the respective season, thereby clearly indicating vaccine failure. A field study of horses vaccinated with two PHF vaccines indicated a poor antibody response, as determined by immunofluorescence assay (IFA) titers. In a majority of horses, the final antibody titer ranged between 40 and 1,280, in spite of repeated vaccinations. None of the vaccinated horses developed in vitro neutralizing antibody in their sera. Similarly, one horse experimentally vaccinated three times with one of the vaccines showed a poor antibody response, with final IFA titers between 80 and 160. The horse did not develop in vitro neutralizing antibody or antibody against the 50/85-kDa strain-specific antigen (SSA), which is the protective antigen of the original strain, 25-D, and the variant strain of our laboratory, strain 90-12. Upon challenge infection with the 90-12 strain, the horse showed clinical signs of the disease. The horse developed neutralizing antibody and antibody to the 50/85-kDa SSA following the infection. Studies of the new E. risticii isolates from the field cases indicated that they were heterogeneous among themselves and showed differences from the 25-D and 90-12 strains as determined by IFA reactivity pattern, DNA amplification finger printing profile, and in vitro neutralization activity. Most importantly, the molecular sizes of the SSA of these isolates varied, ranging from 48 to 85 kDa. These studies suggest that the deficiency in the antibody response to the PHF vaccines and the heterogeneity of E. risticii isolates may be associated with the vaccine failure.
Exercise Effects On Fall Risk And Bone Integrity. Prelininary Results Of The Senior Fitness And Prevention Study (SEFIP) (2008)

PURPOSE: To determine the effect of a combined exercise program that focuses on both, fall risk and bone integrity. METHODS: The Senior Fitness and Prevention Study (SEFIP) is a 18-month randomized controlled exercise trail with 246 females 65 years and older. The exercise group performed a vigorous endurance, strength and balance training two times per week while a low intensity, low volume "wellness training" once per week for 4 × 10 weeks/18 months was dedicated to the control group. Both groups were supplemented with calcium and vitamin-D. Amongst others physical fitness and CHD-parameters, Bone Mineral Density was measured by DXA and QCT, fall frequency and injuries were determined using standardized fall diaries. RESULTS: After 18 months 118 women completed the exercise group (EG), 117 subjects remained in the wellness control group (WG). Overall fall frequency, as well as the number of injurious falls was significantly lower in the exercise compared with the wellness group (RR: 0.61; 0.69). Bone Mineral Density at the lumbar spine (LS) and hip (TH) as assessed by DXA differed also significantly between both groups (LS: EG: 1.5 ± 2.1%* vs. WG: −0.1 ± 1.9%; TH: −0.2 ± 1.8% vs. −1.2 ± 2.0%*) with more favorable effect in the exercise group. CONCLUSION: Our results clearly demonstrate that specifically designed exercise programs impact both, fall frequency and BMD and may therefore reduce fractures in older subjects. Beside the results stated above other important risk factors (e.g. 10 year CHD-risk) could be also affected in a favorable way.
Penetrating External Genital Trauma: A 30-Year Single Institution Experience (2008)

Conservative débridement of penetrating injuries to the external genitalia should be stressed to maximize tissue preservation. Testicular salvage rates are significantly higher in gunshot wound injuries (75%) compared to stab wounds/lacerations injuries (23%) (p <0.001). A select group of patients with penile and scrotal injuries (ie those with injuries superficial to Buck's or dartos fascia) may undergo nonsurgical treatment of the penetrating external genital injury with minimal morbidity.
Pitch perception and signal processing in electric hearing (2004)

A study comprised of six hearing experiments was conducted in order to investigate parameters to influence the pitch perception elicited by direct electric stimulation of the auditory nerve. In addition, a new stimulation strategy for the cochlear implant COMBI 40+ (MED-EL, Innsbruck, Austria) was developed and tested. The results derived from a total number of 16 subjects reveal a dominating influence of the place of stimulation in contrast to the rate of stimulation on pitch perception. It was shown that the electrode distance of 2.4 mm for this device is sufficient to allow discriminable electrodes in pitch along the whole array. The influence of stimulation rate on pitch is limited to pulse rates up to about 300 pps. Within this range, the just noticeable change of pitch elicited by pulse rate as well as modulation rate amounts to about 25% of the base rate. In addition it was observed that the sound quality increases with increasing pulse rate up to about 566 pps independent of electrode location. Subjects with residual hearing at the non-implanted ear revealed that the pitch elicited by the most apical electrode depends on the insertion depth of the array and is linearly increasing with electrode location (40 Hz/mm). The results of the hearing experiments were implemented to modify the well known CIS strategy. The new development (termed RateCIS) was designed in order to increase the amount of transmitted spectral information, thus the number of effective channels. Six electrodes were selected to switch adaptively between a high stimulation rate (1515 pps) and a low stimulation rate (252 pps). A test of the RateCIS strategy showed that results for speech recognition are comparable to the CIS strategy. The RateCIS strategy was subjectively preferred by some of the subjects although the majority preferred the CIS strategy for speech recognition and sound quality. Concerning the recognition and appraisal of music however, the RateCIS strategy was preferred by the majority of subjects. Regarding the fact, that the tests were conducted during one day without time for adaptation to the new signal processing, the RateCIS strategy could serve as an interesting option especially for music appraisal.
Guidelines for using the fast multipole method to calculate the RCS of large objects (1996)

In this article we consider the implementation of a version of the fast multipole method for scattering by large objects. We put particular emphasis on error and execution time. In contrast to the traditional moment method, the fast multipole method (FMM) has an O(N1.5) CPU requirement per incidence angle. This substantially reduced CPU time is achieved by subdividing the far-zone elements into groups whose weighted contribution is then interacted with the test element. The size of the groups and the various approximations used in the interaction of the groups play an important role in the solution accuracy, but so far the effect of these parameters on the solution accuracy has not been considered. Guidelines are given for choosing the various parameters affecting the speed and solution accuracy of the method, such as the near-group distance and sampling rate based on an error criterion. Our study is carried out with reference to a version of the FMM referred to as the fast far-field approximation. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Structural Analysis of Sealed Insulating Glass (1986)

This paper presents an iterative procedure that can be used to determine the structural response of sealed insulating glass (IG) units which are subjected to uniform lateral loads and variations of both atmospheric pressure and air space temperature. The solution is achieved by simultaneously satisfying equilibrium conditions and air space compatibility relationships. A flow chart for a micro‐computer program to accomplish the analysis is presented. Selected results show that the distribution of load between the inner and outer plates of an IG unit depends significantly on several factors, including the ratio of the glass plate thicknesses, atmospheric pressure variations, and air space temperature variations.
Prospective colonoscopic study to investigate risk of colorectal neoplasms in first-degree relatives of patients with non-advanced adenomas (2019)

NCT0252172.
Electrical Stimulation of the Auditory Nerve in Cats (1979)

Each of five cats (one congenitally deaf) had Pt-Ir electrodes placed in the modiolus. Some electrodes were stimulated with a 100 micronamp, 0.25 msec balanced biphasic 50/sec pulse for 2 hours for a total of 20 to 40 hours each over periods of several months. Pre- and poststimulation measures of click-evoked N1 responses, averaged brain stem potentials, and impedances showed no long-term effects of damage to the nerves. Light microscopy showed very acceptable tissue tolerance and no evidence of damage caused by electrical stimulation. The deaf cat had about 10% residual nerve fibers which responded to stimulation.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Thiazole and Selenazole Derivatives with Affinity for the Odorant‐Binding Protein. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Identification and characterization of an oleate hydratase-encoding gene from<i><i>Bifidobacterium breve</i></i> (2013)

Bifidobacteria are common commensals of the mammalian gastrointestinal tract. Previous studies have suggested that a bifidobacterial myosin cross reactive antigen (MCRA) protein plays a role in bacterial stress tolerance, while this protein has also been linked to the biosynthesis of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in bifidobacteria. In order to increase our understanding on the role of MCRA in bifidobacteria we created and analyzed an insertion mutant of the MCRA-encoding gene of B. breve NCFB 2258. Our results demonstrate that the MCRA protein of B. breve NCFB 2258 does not appear to play a role in CLA production, yet is an oleate hydratase, which contributes to bifidobacterial solvent stress protection.
Inside Cover: Sequential Logic Operations with Surface‐Confined Polypyridyl Complexes Displaying Molecular Random Access Memory Features (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 1/2010) (2009)

Redox-active monolayers form the basis of a solid-state setup that is able to mimic the input/output characteristics of electronic circuits. In their Communication on page 169 ff., M. E. van der Boom and co-workers demonstrate sequential logic operations controlled by multiple chemical inputs, with one circuit equivalent to a set–reset latch—one of the fundamental parts in random access memory. The kind of logic (combinatorial or sequential) can be controlled by keeping the current state static or dynamic.
GA-Enhanced Dual-Band Aperiodic Linear Dipole Array with Low Sidelobe Level (2012)

본 논문에서는 유전 알고리즘(genetic algorithm)을 이용하여 이중대역 다이폴 배열(dipole array) 안테나의 설계 및 최적화 문제에 대해서 고찰하였다. 다이폴로 구성된 이중대역, 개구면 공유형 선형 배열은 4 GHz와 9.5 GHz에서 동작하도록 설계하였다. 또한, 다이폴의 전류 분포는 모멘트 기법(method of moment)을 이용하여 계산되었으며, 계산 과정에서 다이폴 간 상호 결합(mutual coupling)을 고려하였다. 두 공진 주파수 대역에서 낮은 부엽 준위를 도출하기 위해서 비주기 다이폴 배열 설계에 유전 알고리즘을 적용하였고, 최적 설계된 이중대역 다이폴 배열 안테나는 4 GHz와 9.5 GHz에서 각각 -15.7 dB, -17 dB로 낮은 PSL 특성을 나타내었다. 또한, 이 결과를 상용 시뮬레이션 결과와 비교 분석하였다. In this research, optimization of a dual-band dipole array was performed using genetic algorithm. A non-uniform, aperture-shared linear array was configured with dipoles which resonate at 4 GHz and 9.5 GHz. The excited current distributions on dipoles were computed considering mutual coupling between dipole elements. The current distributions were also computed using method of moment (MoM). The optimization using genetic algorithm was performed to obtain the low sidelobe levels in two operating frequency band. The PSLs of the optimized array for 4 GHz and 9.5 GHz are -15.7 dB and -17 dB, respectively. Comparison between computed and simulated results are also discussed.
Plane Intersections of Rotational Ellipsoids (2006)

This result could have been proved by the Greeks more than two thousand years ago, so we certainly did not expect it to be a new theorem. However, since we found it (1996) we have asked a large number of experts, we have searched the literature, and we have posted queries on the internet, all without finding anyone who has heard of the theorem. We thus feel comfortable in concluding that the theorem is, if not unknown, at least not well known. If a reader of this note knows a reference to the theorem or to related facts, we would appreciate being informed. Before we give a mathematical proof of the theorem, we will explain in principle how the theorem was discovered experimentally. An extremely short light pulse is emitted in a wide range of directions from a point A. The duration of the light pulse is about 1 picosecond = 10−12 seconds, which produces a light pulse of length about 0.3 mm. As the light hits an arbitrary fixed plane π , it is scattered in all directions. At a point B, different from A, a “photograph” is taken with extremely short exposure time. The outcome of the experiment is that a bright circle is seen on the photographic plate. In other words, a bright curve—which is actually an ellipse—is seen on the plane π , and this curve looks circular as viewed from B. (The technique used to carry out such experiments is described in [2].) How can we interpret this experiment as supporting our theorem? Well, let us assume that photons are emitted precisely at time t = 0 from the point A and that the “photograph” is taken at time t = t1 > 0. Then photons originating at A can contribute to the picture only if their travel time is exactly t1, and hence the distance that they have travelled is exactly s = ct1, where c is the speed of light. This means that for any photon that has made one bounce at some point P on the plane π on its way from A to B, the sum of the distances AP and P B must be equal to s. What is the locus of the set of all such points P? If for a moment we forget about the plane π , the locus of all the points P in space such that the sum of the distances AP and P B is equal to s is a rotational ellipsoid E with axis of symmetry through A and B and focal points at A and B. Accordingly the set of bounce points P on the plane π is the curve in which π intersects E . This is the bright curve that is viewed by our camera located at the point B. It is an elementary fact that this curve is an ellipse, and as already explained, the assertion of the theorem is that this curve looks circular when viewed from B.
Estimation of mutation rates based on the analysis of polypeptide constituents of cultured human lymphoblastoid cells. (1988)

A subclone of a human diploid lymphoblastoid cell line, TK-6, with consistently high cloning efficiency has been used to estimate the rates of somatic mutations on the basis of protein variation detected by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A panel of 267 polypeptide spots per gel was screened, representing the products of approximately 263 unselected loci. The rate of human somatic mutation in vitro was estimated by measuring the proportion of protein variants among cell clones isolated at various times during continuous exponential growth of a TK-6 cell population. Three mutants of spontaneous origin were observed, giving an estimated spontaneous rate of 6 x 10(-8) electrophoretic mutations per allele per cell generation (i.e., 1.2 x 10(-7) per locus per cell generation). Following treatment of cells with N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea, a total of 74 confirmed variants at 54 loci were identified among 1143 clones analyzed (approximately 601,000 allele tests). The induced variants include 65 electromorphs which exhibit altered isoelectric charge and/or apparent molecular weight and nine nullimorphs for each of which a gene product was not detected at its usual location on the gel. The induced frequency for these 65 structural gene mutants is 1.1 x 10(-4) per allele. An excess of structural gene mutations at ten known polymorphic loci and repeat mutations at these and other loci suggest nonrandomness of mutation in human somatic cells. Nullimorphs occurring at three heterozygous loci in TK-6 cells may be caused by genetic processes other than structural gene mutation.
Electrochemical Behavior of Silicon (IV) Ion in BaF<sub>2</sub>-CaF<sub>2</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub>Melts at 1573K (2013)

Studies were performed to investigate the cathodic behavior of silicon (IV) ion in a BaF2-CaF2-SiO2 melt at a temperature of 1573 K. The results obtained show that the silicon (IV) ion was reduced through a single-step from Si4+ + 4e = Si, which was an irreversible process with diffusion-controlled mass transfer. The diffusion coefficient (D) for the reduction process of silicon (IV) ion in BaF2-CaF2-SiO2 melt was 9.76×10−5 cm2 s−1, at 1573 K. Furthermore, galvanostatic electrolysis performed on a molybdenum electrode, which further presents the feasibility of electro-depositing silicon in molten BaF2-CaF2-SiO2 system.
In Vivo Monitoring of Brain Glutamate by Microdialysis Coupled to Capillary Electrophoresis and Laser Induced Fluorescence Detection (1993)

Abstract A method to measure glutamate in brain dialysates was developed. Nanomolar concentration of glutamate labeled with naphthal-ene-2,3-dicarboxaldehyde (NDA) was measured by using capillary electrophoresis and laser-induced fluorescence detection. The limit of mass detection was in the zeptomole concentration (10−21 M) range. The technique was linear between 10−5 M to 10−8 M. It was possible to reduce the migration time of brain dialysate glutamate to 60 seconds when capillaries of 15 μm inside diameter were used. The potential of capillary electrophoresis coupled to laser-induced fluorescence detection for in vivo monitoring of neurotransmitters is discussed.
Ultrasonics research in the NIST Manufacturing Engineering Laboratory (2000)

The Ultrasonic Standards Group in the Manufacturing Engineering Laboratory of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) performs research, develops standards, and offers calibration services in support of United States industry. In this paper, two areas of recent experimental research using a thin film piezoelectric polymer are briefly reviewed. One is the development and application of a large aperture lensless line-focus transducer for time-resolved pulsed-wave measurements. The second is the effect of nonlinear wave propagation on pulsed waveforms in industrial ultrasonic nondestructive testing applications.
Autistic traits in a population‐based ADHD twin sample (2007)

This study provides population-based evidence for clinically significant elevations of autistic traits in children meeting diagnostic criteria for ADHD. These results have implications for the design and interpretation of studies of both disorders.
Cosmic background radiation anisotropy at degree angular scales - Further results from the South Pole (1993)

We report further results from the University of California at Santa Barbara program to measure anisotropy in the cosmic background radiation at angular scales near 1^deg^, an angular range corresponding to the largest scales where structure is observed. A 30 GHz high electron mobility transistor amplifier based detector was coupled to the Advanced Cosmic Microwave Explorer, a 1 m off axis Gregorian telescope. We present data that represent 64 of the total of 500 hr acquired with this system during the 1990-1991 season. The data have a statistical error of 13.5 microK pixel^-1^. These are the smallest error bars of any data set of this type published to date. The data contain a significant signal with a maximum likelihood {DELTA}T/T ~ 1 x 10^-5^, under the assumption of a Gaussian sky autocorrelation function at a coherence angle of 1.5^deg^. The spectrum of the signal seen in slightly less than 2 σ away from the thermal spectrum expected of primordial fluctuations in the cosmic background radiation. If the source of the fluctuations is primordial, then the data are consistent with cold dark matter scenarios when normalized to the large-scale anisotropy observed by COBE, while if the origin of the signal is foreground emission or another form of contaminant then the data are marginally inconsistent with standard cold dark matter models. In either case, the data are sufficiently sensitive to provide a crucial test of many models.
2533 (2017)

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: The Institute for Transnational Sciences (ITS) has developed novel methods to ethically engage stakeholders across the transnational research spectrum, up to and including public health practice and policy. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: In 2014, the ITS co-founded The Research, Education, And Community Health (REACH), the mission of which was to facilitate communication, collaborative research, and service activities between faculty and scientists and area community leaders. The intent was to identify and meet the needs of our communities without gaps and/or redundancies, thus better leveraging time, funding, and efforts. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: REACH now boasts 23 Centers, Departments, and Institutes, as well as 39 community organizations, including public and mental health agencies, clinicians, policy makers, family service centers, cultural and faith-based organizations, business, and local schools/colleges. We offer 3 methods for consideration as best practices: (1) a comprehensive community health needs assessment, (2) an “Offer and Ask” community/campus partnership mechanism, and (3) Community Science Workshops, based on the European Union’s Science Shops. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Results of REACH’s work have been used to provide guidance for enhanced, data-driven programs and allocation of resources for local and statewide initiatives. The organization has evolved into an independent coalition seeking 501(c)3 status and is planning to expand its scope to 5 counties. REACH thus serves as model for successful replication across applicable CTSA hubs.