gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Unbalanced tree structure for frame adaptive vector quantization of image sequences</title> (1990)

In this paper a coding technique is presented which extends the methodology of vector quantization to image sequence coding. The devised algorithm basically consists of a processing stage encharged to build up the initial codebook and a codebook updating mechanism running on-line with the coding phase, to adaptively track the varying statistics of the incoming images. The codebook is organized in a binary tree structure where each leaf represents a reproduction vector. The tree grows intrinsecally unbalanced in the sense that each node splits or not according to the intensity statistics of the vector population which refers to it. By doing so, the suboptimality of tree structured vector quantization with respect to full search approaches is successfully overcome. During the coding phase the unbalanced tree is left free to plastically track the temporal variations of the incoming data statistics. This results either in some reproduction vectors to be replaced by new ones, or in some changes in the tree topology to be carried out, typically a leaf which needs to split or two leaves which, conversely, shall be cut off. An updating code stream is periodically delivered onto the channel, interlaced with coding data, to replenish the reconstruction codebook. Application to videotelephone sequences has given promising preliminary results which are presented and discussed.
Bioéthique et Comité National (1991)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Distributed robotic target acquisition using Bluetooth communication (2004)

This paper presents a distributed multi-robot system designed to solve a team-based search and destroy task. The project was divided into two phases. The initial phase was used to demonstrate the application of Bluetooth communication for coordinated robotic search. The second (current) phase of the project attempts to integrate these early developments. This integration allows two seeker robots to locate and coordinate an attack on a target (enemy).The goal of the first phase was to develop a robot communication strategy using Bluetooth for the Honeybee task. The goal of the second phase was to take the communication strategy and use it in the team-based search and destroy task. A secondary goal in the current phase was to convert a model tank into a robust autonomous vehicle. We present the details of the phases, the progress made towards achieving the goals, and the directions we plan to take after the current phase is complete.
GenoLIB: a database of biological parts derived from a library of common plasmid features (2015)

Synthetic biologists rely on databases of biological parts to design genetic devices and systems. The sequences and descriptions of genetic parts are often derived from features of previously described plasmids using ad hoc, error-prone and time-consuming curation processes because existing databases of plasmids and features are loosely organized. These databases often lack consistency in the way they identify and describe sequences. Furthermore, legacy bioinformatics file formats like GenBank do not provide enough information about the purpose of features. We have analyzed the annotations of a library of ∼2000 widely used plasmids to build a non-redundant database of plasmid features. We looked at the variability of plasmid features, their usage statistics and their distributions by feature type. We segmented the plasmid features by expression hosts. We derived a library of biological parts from the database of plasmid features. The library was formatted using the Synthetic Biology Open Language, an emerging standard developed to better organize libraries of genetic parts to facilitate synthetic biology workflows. As proof, the library was converted into GenoCAD grammar files to allow users to import and customize the library based on the needs of their research projects.
Apolipoproteins in human fetal blood and amniotic fluid in mid‐trimester pregnancy (1981)

To examine the potential for prenatal diagnosis of genetic lipoprotein metabolic defects (e.g. abetalipoproteinemia. Tangier disease) we determined the normal concentrations of apolipoproteins (apo) A-I, A-II, B, and E in mid-trimester amniotic fluid and fetal plasma. The concentrations of apo A-I and apo A-II in amniotic fluid were 1--2 per cent of the respective levels in the mother's plasma, whereas apo B and apo E were undetectable in amniotic fluid. In contrast to amniotic fluid, all four apolipoproteins were detectable in fetal plasma, and the levels of apo A-I, apo B and apo E were in the range observed in the mothers: 160.2 +/- 103.1, 59.8 +/- 35.7 and 5.7 +/- 3.5 mg/dl respectively (mean +/- SD, n = 13). The fetal plasma level of apo A-II (28.3 +/- 12.4 mg/dl) was two-thirds that observed in the mother's plasma. The normal levels of these apolipoproteins in fetal plasma are well above the sensitivity of the methods, and their quantification requires only 10--20 microliters of fetal plasma. Determination of apolipoproteins in fetal blood obtained by fetoscopy thus may provide a method for the prenatal diagnosis of congenital apolipoprotein deficiencies.
The eyes of deep–sea fishes and the changing nature of visual scenes with depth (2000)

The visual scenes viewed by ocean animals change dramatically with depth. In the brighter epipelagic depths, daylight provides an extended field of illumination. In mesopelagic depths down to 1000 m the visual scene is semi-extended, with the downwelling daylight providing increasingly dim extended illumination with depth. In contrast, greater depths increase the prominence of point-source bioluminescent flashes. In bathypelagic depths (below 1000 m daylight no longer penetrates, and the visual scene consists exclusively of point-source bioluminescent flashes. In this paper, I show that the eyes of fishes match this change from extended to point-source illumination, becoming increasingly foveate and spatially acute with increasing depth. A sharp fovea is optimal for localizing point sources. Quite contrary to their reputation as 'degenerate' and 'regressed', I show here that the remarkably prominent foveae and relatively large pupils of bathypelagic fishes give them excellent perception and localization of bioluminescent flashes up to a few tens of metres distant. In a world with almost no food, where fishes are weak and must swim very slowly this range of detection (and interception) is energetically realistic, with distances greater than this physically beyond range. Larger and more sensitive eyes would give bathypelagic fishes little more than the useless ability to see flashes beyond reach.
Understanding the response to endurance exercise using a systems biology approach: combining blood metabolomics, transcriptomics and miRNomics in horses (2017)

To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to provide a comprehensive and integrated overview of the metabolome, transcriptome, and miRNome co-regulatory networks that may have a key role in regulating the metabolic and immune response to endurance exercise in horses.
Éditorial (2011)

ditorial L' essai d'indentation instrument est devenu un outil de choix pour la caractrisation des matriaux et la comprhension de leurs comportements. Ceci est le rsultat d'approches croises de nombreux acteurs tant exprimentales que de modlisation. Aujourd'hui, la communaut des chercheurs et utilisateurs se structure fortement autour de l'analyse de la rponse mcanique, de sa comprhension, du dveloppement et de l'application des matriaux extrmement varis et diffrentes chelles (du nano au macro).
Human plasma fibronectin as a substrate for human urokinase (1989)

An early event in malignant transformation is the increased expression of proteases, such as plasminogen activator, which can degrade surrounding extracellular matrices, thereby conferring an advantage for tumour cell invasion and metastasis. The present studies provide evidence that plasma fibronectin (Fn), which is a component of the extracellular matrix, is a direct substrate for the plasminogen activator urokinase (UK). Human plasma Fn was incubated with human UK under plasminogen-free conditions. Fn cleavage was both time- and dose-dependent and was evident within 30 min. The proteolytic digestion was limited and complete within 12 h at an enzyme/substrate ratio of 1:20. Analysis of the final proteolytic digestion products demonstrated the disappearance of the native dimeric 440 kDa structure of Fn with the concomitant appearance of three proteolytic fragments of 210, 200 and 25 kDa. Since two large fragments of similar size to the 220 kDa monomeric chains of Fn were obtained following proteolysis, it is proposed that UK cleaves Fn at two sites, one towards the N-terminal and one close to the C-terminal, but N-terminal to its interchain disulphide bonds. These studies suggest that the local proteolytic digestion and release of Fn from the extracellular matrix by tumour cells possessing high levels of UK may involve the direct proteolytic breakdown of Fn by UK.
Lower detection limit of the acousto-optic effect using Optical Feedback Interferometry (2020)

Measurement and 3D imaging of acoustic waves through the acousto-optic effect has recently been demonstrated by means of Optical Feedback Interferometry (OFI). In this paper we study experimentally the lower limits of detection of an acoustic wave using an OFI sensor. We show that the OFI sensor exhibits a linear response to acoustic power variations, and we obtain a lower limit of detection of 83 dB rms for a planar acoustic wave at 3 kHz. We also determine the equivalent displacement, that is seen by the OFI sensor at this pressure level, to be 96 pm. A deeper understanding of the limits of the technology and the quantification of the acousto-optic effect shall help improve the applications already created for the measurement of acoustic pressure waves using OFI.
Integration of first- and second-order orientation (2003)

The problem of how visual information such as orientation is combined across space bears on key visual abiities, such as texture perception. Orientation signals can be derived from both luminance and contrast, but it is not well understood how such information is pooled or how these different orientation signals interact in the integration process. We measured orientation discrimination thresholds for arrays of equivisible first-order and second-order Gabors. Thresholds were measured as the orientation variability in the arrays increased, and we estimated the number of samples (or efficiency) and internal noise of the mechanism being used. Observers were able to judge the mean orientation of arrays of either first- or second-order Gabors. For arrays of first-order and arrays of second-order Gabors, estimates of the number of samples used increased as the number of Gabors increased. When judging the orientation of arrays of either order, observers were able to ignore randomly oriented Gabors of the opposite order. If observers did not know which Gabor type carried the more useful orientation information, they tended to use the information from first-order Gabors (even when this was poorer information). Observers were unable to combine information from first- and second-order Gabors, though this would have improved their performance. The visual system appears to have separate integrators for combining local orientation across space for luminance- and contrast-defined features.
Optimal Design of Structural Shape: Minimal Weight Shapes Designed Corresponding to Displacement Restraining Planes (1992)

Abstract The designs of the elastic two-dimensional plate structure are optimized for the minimal weight structures of the characteristic shapes. Structures composed of finite elements are modified discretely by attaching and detaching of elements at external boundary of shapes. In the modifications, the steepest descent method is actualized using the sensitivity function that is evaluated from the strain energy of the structure by Finite Element Method. The sensitivity value of each element is calculated by the element stiffness matrix and the nodal displacements. The two structures “A” and “B” are modified by the above mention technique. The structure “A” with vertical and horizontal displacement restraining planes is converged into a hanging bar with a uniform cross-sectional area of the minimal weight shape. The structure “B” with only vertical displacement restraining plane is converged into a V-shaped structure supported by two forked ends.
THE DISTRIBUTION AND CONFIGURATION OF NICKEL AND VANADIUM COMPOUNDS IN THE PRODUCTS OF SLURRY-BED HYDROCRACKING OF LUNGU ATMOSPHERIC RESIDUE (2007)

The distribution of nickel and vanadium was investigated in the bottom oil of Lungu atmospheric residue(LGAR),and the types of metal compounds in bottom oil and toluene insoluble(TI) were also analyzed via UV-visual spectroscopy and X-ray photon spectroscopy(XPS).The results showed that with the increase of reaction temperature the mass fractions of V and Ni in TI increases,but those in bottom oil decreased,which were mainly in resin and asphaltene.There were no metal porphyrin compounds detected in bottom oil of LGAR.After calcinations of TI,the Ni and V compounds were converted into NiSO4 and V2O5 in ash of LGAR.
Direct Conversion of Syngas-to-Hydrocarbons over Higher Alcohols Synthesis Catalysts Mixed with HZSM-5 (2014)

Direct syngas conversion to hydrocarbons was investigated with HZSM-5 physically mixed with either a methanol synthesis catalyst (5Pd/ZnO/Al2O3) or a higher alcohols synthesis (HAS) catalyst. Reactivity measurements show a definitive advantage in using HAS catalysts. Undesired durene formation is negligible with HAS catalysts but it represents 50% of the C5+ fraction for 5Pd/ZnO/Al2O3. Furthermore, the desired C5+ hydrocarbons yield is twice higher with selected HAS catalysts. The 0.5Pd/FeCoCu (HAS) catalyst was found the most promising due to higher C5+ fraction and lower durene formation. When 0.5Pd/FeCoCu and HZSM-5 are operated sequentially (two-step process), the CO conversion and the C5+ hydrocarbons fraction are lower. The C5+ hydrocarbons yield is thus twice higher for the one-step process. The main advantage of the one-step process is that higher syngas conversion is achieved as the equilibrium-driven conversion limitations for methanol and dimethyl ether are removed since they are intermediates to the final hydrocarbons product.
Quantum-chemical modeling of titanium centers in titanosilicate glass (2006)

Quantum-chemical simulation of cluster models for a number of titanium centers in titanosilicate glasses has been performed with GAMESS software within the local-density-functional approach, using the BLYP functional, which is known to ensure the best agreement with experimentally determined vibrational frequencies. For each center, we have determined its equilibrium configuration, vibrational frequencies, infrared absorption intensities, and the intensity and degree of depolarization of Raman bands. The results indicate that the totally polarized Raman band near 1030 cm−1 is due to single four-coordinate Ti atoms, whereas the partially polarized Raman band near 940 cm−1 is contributed by both single (totally depolarized Raman scattering) and double (partially polarized Raman scattering) four-coordinate Ti centers, which accounts for the fact that the relative intensities of these bands depend on TiO2 concentration. We also show that negatively charged four-coordinate Ti atoms can only be formed through electron excitation, in particular, optical excitation, and that hopping transport of electrons between neutral and negatively charged four-coordinate Ti atoms may be responsible for optical losses of up to 10 dB/km, which should be considered the minimum theoretical level of losses in titanosilicate glasses. The so-called Ti3+ centers may be both six-and three-coordinate Ti atoms, but not four-coordinate.
The Hawaii-2 Observatory (2002)

A permanent deep ocean scientific research facility-the Hawaii-2 Observatory (H2O)-was installed on the retired HAW-2 commercial submarine telephone cable in September 1998. H2O consists of a seafloor submarine cable termination and junction box in 5000 m of water located halfway between Hawaii and California. The H2O infrastructure was installed from a large research vessel using the Jason ROV and standard over-the-side gear. The junction box provides two-way digital communication at variable data rates of up to 80 kbit/s using the RS-422 protocol and a total of 400 W of power for both junction box systems and user equipment. Instruments may be connected by an ROV to the junction box at 8 wet-mateable connectors. The H2O junction box is a "smart" design, which incorporates redundancy to protect against failure and allows full control of instrument functionality from shore. Initial instrumentation at the H2O site includes broad-band seismometer and hydrophone packages.
105Tb/s Transmission System Using Low-cost, MHz Linewidth DFB Lasers Enabled by Self-Homodyne Coherent Detection and a 19-Core Fiber (2013)

We demonstrate a 105.1Tb/s self-homodyne transmission system using low-cost DFB lasers with dynamic path length adjustment and reduced DSP requirement in a 19-core-fiber with each signal core carrying 125×25Gbaud QPSK signals on a 50GHz grid.
Lesser Cornstalk Borer Control in Peanuts in North Florida, 1987 (1988)

Abstract Peanuts were planted 18 May. Plot size was 4 rows × 12.3 m with a 92-cm row spacing. The soil type was Orangeburg sandy loam. Telone applications were made with a tractor-mounted gravity flow soil fumigant rig set for in-furrow treatment with a single chisel/row at 25-cm soil depth. The soil was moist when the Telone applications were made on 12 May. All granular insecticides were applied in a 25- to 30-cm band over the row. Granular insecticide treatments applied at planting were lightly incorporated with a drag bar. Granular insecticide treatments made later in the growing season were applied with a hand-pushed or tractor-mounted gandy at a time during the day when peanut foliage was dry. Lesser cornstalk borer (LCB) populations were monitored with 1-row × 76-cm adult emergence traps placed over the peanut foliage in the 2 outer rows of each plot. Traps were moved every 4 wk. The 2 center rows of each plot were harvested 2 Oct. Traps were moved at this time and emerging adults monitored until 5 Nov to allow larvae present before harvest to complete development to adult. Moisture was adequate to normal throughout the majority of the growing season. No extended dry periods occurred until late September to October, which was very dry.
Comments on "The Harmuth Ansatz: Use of a magnetic current density in the calculation of the propagation velocity of signals by amended Maxwell theory" (and author's reply) (1988)

Reference is made to three papers by H.F. Harmuth (ibid., vol.28, no.4, 250-8, Nov. 1986; vol.28, no.4, 259-266, Nov. 1986; and vol.28, no.4, 267-72, Nov. 1986). Harmuth has proposed the calculation of signal velocities using Maxwell equations amended to include the constructs: magnetic current density, magnetic charge density, and magnetic conductivity-all of which presuppose a magnetic monopole. A subsequent exchange of letters with others resulted in discussing the mathematical and engineering appropriateness of Harmuth's proposal. The author proposes to place Harmuth's Ansatz within the context of physical understanding. In replying, the author expresses his seeing results expressed in terms of group theory and topology that were discussed in this journal in the mathematics of electrical engineering.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
<i>RepGene</i> : A Spreadsheet Template for the Management of Reporter Gene Assays (2001)

One of the most powerful techniques in molecular biology is the controlled expression of specific proteins by transfection of eukaryotic cells. This method has become feasible and highly sensitive and, thus, suitable for high-throughput reporter gene assays in basic and applied research. Moreover, the limiting factors are neither the transfection efficiency nor the functional analysis, but rather the ability to manage complex experimental protocols when multiple genes are co-transfected and/or when the effects of several chemical compounds are investigated within the same experiment. Here, we describe an easy-to-use and highly flexible spreadsheet template intended to rationalize and expedite the organization and data management of multi-step reporter gene assays. The objectives of this spreadsheet template are the design of the transfection protocol, the coordination of the administration of test compounds, and the graphical presentation and statistical analysis of the results.
Evaluation Of Risk And Possible Mitigation Schemes For Previously Unidentified Hazards (2006)

In April 2004, the NASA Engineering and Safety Center (NESC) was commissioned by NASA's Chief Safety and Mission Assurance (S&MA) Officer to review and render a technical opinion on the probability of a catastrophic failure related to this scenario: The Space Shuttle Program (SSP) recognized a zero-fault-tolerant design related to an inadvertent firing of the primary reaction control system (RCS) jets on the Orbiter during mated operations with the International Space Station (ISS). It was determined that an un-commanded firing of an RCS jet could cause serious damage or loss of both the SSP Orbiter and the ISS. Several scenarios were suggested in which an un-commanded firing of the RCS jet is possible. These scenarios include an arc track event in the 28-volt heater circuits that could result in a wire-to-wire short to the adjacent reaction control jet wire. In this worst-case scenario, enough current and power could be applied to activate the reaction control jet valves and fire a thruster. The following report summarizes the work that was sponsored by the NESC as part of their assessment of the Orbiter inadvertent firing of a RCS thruster while attached to the ISS.