gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficient Algorithms for Semantic Scene Parsing (2013)

Raquel Urtasun is an Asssistant Professor at TTI-Chicago a philanthropically endowed academic institute located in the campus of the University of Chicago. She was a visiting professor at ETH Zurich during the spring semester of 2010. Previously, she was a postdoctoral research scientist at UC Berkeley and ICSI and a postdoctoral associate at the Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) at MIT. Raquel Urtasun completed her PhD at the Computer Vision Laboratory, at EPFL, Switzerland in 2006 working with Pascal Fua and David Fleet at the University of Toronto. She has been area chair of multiple learning and vision conferences (i.e., NIPS, UAI, ICML, ICCV), and served in the committee of numerous international computer vision and machine learning conferences. Her major interests are statistical machine learning and computer vision, with a particular interest in non-parametric Bayesian statistics, latent variable models, structured prediction and their application to semantic scene understanding.
Operational Planning of Maintenance Measures by Means of Event-driven Simulation (2012)

Modern manufacturing systems are characterized by an increasing complexity and high dynamic. This leads to new challenges for the operational planning of maintenance and production. This paper introduces a novel approach to an online simulation which enables a cost-optimized integration of condition-based maintenance measures in the production plan. The dynamic approach is implemented by means of event-driven simulation. It enables to depict the actual state of a complex manufacturing system, to simulate the future development of the production and thereby to evaluate different planning alternatives of maintenance.
Discussion: Feminization of the Forehead: Contour Changing to Improve Female Aesthetics (1987)

Department of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Virginia Medical Center, Box 376, Charlottesville, Va. 22908
Experimental dissection of flagellar surface motility in chlamydomonas (1980)

Experiments have explored the possible relationships between the flagellar surface motility of chlamydomonas, visualized as translocation of polystyrene beads by paralyzed (pf) mutants (Bloodgood, 1977, J. Cell Biol. 15:983-989), and the capacity of gametic flagella to participate in the mating reaction. While vegetative and gametic flagella bind beads with equal efficiencies and are capable of transporting them along entire flagellar lengths, beads on vegetative flagella are primarily associated with the proximal half of the flagella whereas those of gametic flagella exhibit no such preference. This difference may relate to the "tipping" response of gametes during sexual flagellar agglutination (Goodenough and Jurivich, 1978, J. Cell Biol. 79:680-693). Colchicine, vinblastine, chymotrypsin, cytochalasins B and D, and anti-beta-tubulin antiserum are all able to inhibit the binding of beads to the flagellar suface. Trysin digestion and an antiserum directed against whole chlamydomonas flagella have no effect on the ability of flagella to bind beads, but the beads remain immobile. These results suggest that at least two flagellar activities participate in surface motility: (a) bead binding, which may involve a tubulin-like component at the flagellar surface; and (b) bead translocation, which may depend on a second component (e.g. an ATPase) of the flagellar surface. Surface motility is shown to be distinct from gametic adhesiveness per se, but it may participate in concentrating dispersed agglutinins, in driving them toward the flagellar tips, and/or in generating a signal-to-fuse from the flagellar tips to the cell body. Directly supporting these concepts is the observation that bound beads remain immobilized at the flagellar tips during the "tip-locking" stage of pf x pf matings, and the observation that bound ligands such as antibody fail to be tipped by trypsinized flagella.
Challenges and Rationale for Laboratory Research of Offshore Grids (2012)

Offshore power systems will be characterized by a large penetration of power electronics converters and power cables, resulting in complex behaviors that can be quite different from traditional AC systems. Analyzing such systems is challenging due to their complexity and the relative lack of experience. In this context, performing laboratory tests in scaled down model network have significant relevance to verify simulation models and to test equipment and control methods in a controlled environment. The design of the laboratory needs to be a compromise between the capability to accurately reproduce the real system behavior and the practical constraints on ease of use, equipment size, cost and safety. This paper summarizes the main design considerations for a laboratory infrastructure dedicated to research of future offshore grids and the possible challenges. The laboratory facility developed jointly by NTNU (Norwegian University of Science and Technology) and SINTEF Energy Research is described with examples of the experimental possibilities.
Color Constancy Using Gamut‐Based Methods (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Gamut Mapping Using Derivative Structures Combination of Gamut Mapping Algorithms Summary
Ischemic mitral regurgitation (2013)

Mitral valve surgery and concomitant coronary artery bypass grafting represent the most effective strategy for the treatment of severe symptomatic ischemic mitral regurgitation. Overall, the survival of patients with ischemic mitral regurgitation is poor. Advances in mitral valve repair may improve long-term durability of surgery, whereas evolving percutaneous therapies may be a treatment option for patients with functional mitral regurgitation who are not surgical candidates.
A Method to assess Biochemical Activity of Liver Cells during Clinical Application of Extracorporeal Hybrid Liver Support (2002)

Biochemical activity of a hybrid liver support system based on porcine liver cells was investigated in patients suffering from acute liver failure, coma stage III-IV Patient plasma was drawn systemically and after circulation through the bioreactor at four hour intervals. A method is used that takes into account the rate of plasma flow and the differences in plasma concentration systemically and after circulation through the liver support system to determine the net release or uptake of metabolites such as ammonia, urea and glucose. Urea release (mean 2.28+/-0.37 micromol/h/g cells) and ammonia uptake (mean 0.17+/-0.11 micromol/h/g cells) was seen during treatment, an active role of the system in glucose metabolism was observed. All patients were bridged successfully to liver transplantation.
Wavelet Transform Analysis of Unsteady Turbulence and Turbulent Burning Velocity in a Constant-Volume Vessel. (2000)

The determination of the turbulence parameters is a difficult and important problem for combustion analysis. In this study, we propose a method of defining unsteady turbulence intensity in order to examine the relation between the turbulence characteristics and the burning velocity of turbulent flame propagating in fuel-air homogeneous mixture. We use the discrete wavelet transform, which is a time-frequency analysis method for calculating the unsteady turbulence intensity and the RI-Spline complex-type wavelet as a mother wavelet. Our experiments show that the definition of the unsteady turbulence intensity is effective for showing unsteady characteristic of turbulence and examining the relation between the unsteady turbulence characteristics and the turbulent burning velocity.
Accurate laser wavelength measurement with a precision two-beam scanning Michelson interferometer (1981)

This paper gives the details of a precision two-beam scanning Michelson interferometer, designed and perfected for accurate comparison of an unknown laser wavelength and the precisely calibrated wavelength of a reference laser. An iodine Lamb-dip stabilized He-Ne 633-nm laser (calibrated with respect to a Kr standard) is used as the reference. The design incorporates features to minimize instrumental errors and the effect of fringe shifts caused by diffraction (in the IR). It is applied to accurate measurements of a stable CO(2) laser wavelength tuned to the centers of its various transitions. Measurements are done by simultaneous fringe counting and relative fringe-phase comparison at the two wavelengths using on-line data storage and processing with an electronic digital computer. The accuracy in the 10-microm region is several parts in 10(9) and is limited by correction for diffraction fringe shifts. Because of its low-Q and broadband operating characteristics, it can be applied to rapid accurate laser wavelength measurements over the entire wavelength range permitted by its transmitting optics. In the visible range where the diffraction correction is small, the interferometer can be used to perform measurements to within several parts in 10(11). The paper gives theoretical derivation of various diffraction corrections, the design and construction of the interferometer, the alignment procedures, detailed analysis of various error sources, and data processing. It also gives the details of a previously reported accurate measurement of the speed of light using the measured wavelength of the CO(2) R(14) line and its known frequency.
An Anatomical Study of the Pericarp of Arachis Hypogaea, with Special Emphasis on the Sclereid Component (1975)

Using light and scanning electron microscopy, we described the structure of the mature peanut pericarp and determined the cellular composition volumetrically. The exocarp was composed of thin-walled, isodiametric, sclerified parenchyma; the mesocarp contained larger sclerified parenchyma with thicker reticulate walls; and the endocarp consisted of a sclerenchymatous layer and an unsclerified inner parenchyma layer. Vascular bundles with extraxylary fibers were located on the mesocarp and endocarp interface. Three unusual types of sclereids, classified here as vermisosclereids, calceusosclereids, and cruxosclereids, made up the sclerenchymatous layer of the endocarp. Volumetrically, the mature pericarp was composed of 45% sclerified parenchyma, 35% sclereids and vascular tissue, and 20% unsclerified parenchyma. The results of this investigation are discussed with reference to previous anatomical investigations of the pericarp and the effect of pericarp pulp in paper fiber webs.
Cross-equipment study on charging phenomena of solid insulators in high voltage equipment (2007)

This paper reports on a new cross-equipment study on the charging phenomena of solid insulators, evaluating the influence of charging on high-voltage equipment such as gas insulated switchgear (GIS), oil-immersed transformers, gas-insulated transformers and high-voltage vacuum-insulated equipment. New parameters of normalized charge density and surface resistance are introduced to consistently explain all the characteristics of the surface charge density on solid insulators and the decay time constant of the accumulated charges between the equipment. The results show that the surface charge density and the decay constant decrease as the surface resistance of the insulators is lowered. Combinations of insulating media of solid insulators and fluids (gas or liquids) are discussed for GIS and oil-immersed transformers in terms of the relation between the relative permittivity and the volume resistivity. The decay time constant of the accumulated charges is generally dominated by the insulating media of a fluid like oil which has lower volume resistivity than solid insulators in cases like transformers. However, the time constant is determined by the resistivity of the solid insulator rather than the fluid (gas) for GIS. Furthermore, it is suggested that low resistivity coatings on solid insulators are effective in suppressing the charge accumulation on the insulators. These new cross-equipment studies on the charging phenomena are an effective approach to reliable insulation design especially when downsizing high-voltage equipment
HLA- and H-2-associated variations of intra- and extracellular magnesium content. (1990)

Erythrocyte and plasma magnesium (EMg, PMg) levels have been shown to be genetically controlled in human and mouse. The possible association of these genetic factors with the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) (HLA and H-2) was investigated. Among unrelated adult male blood donors, HLA-B35 carriers have PMg (P less than 0.01) and EMg (P less than 0.0005) levels lower than those of noncarriers, while HLA-B38 carriers exhibit a significant (P less than 0.05) increase of both PMg and EMg levels when compared to the other individuals. Furthermore, HLA identical sibs have EMg values more similar than those of HLA different sibs. In the mouse, erythrocyte (P less than 0.001), plasma (P less than 0.001), liver (P less than 0.03), and spleen (P less than 0.04) Mg contents vary significantly according to H-2, with higher values being found in H-2k than in H-2q or H-2b congenic strains. However, non-MHC genes also have an influence on erythrocyte (P less than 10(-10], plasma (P less than 10(-10], spleen (P less than 10(-5], and kidney (P less than 10(-6] Mg contents as shown by differences between H-2 identical strains, which differ by the C3H and B10 genetic backgrounds. In conclusion, genetic factors controlling intra- and extracellular Mg levels are composed of at least three components: MHC (HLA and H-2)-associated genes, non-MHC genes, and tissue factors modulating the respective importance of the first two sets of factors. The mechanisms underlying this genetic system are discussed.
Static Properties of Homopolymer Melts in Confined Geometries Determined by Monte Carlo Simulation (1997)

The static properties of a homopolymer melt between energetically neutral walls are studied as a function of the degree of confinement (plate spacing) and polymer molecular weight. The cooperative motion lattice model is used and allows all calculations to be performed at full occupancy (i.e., at a volume fraction of 1); chain lengths varying from 384 to 24 are examined. Properties investigated include the magnitude of the end-to-end vector, the radius of gyration, and components of the end-to-end vector. In addition, orientation effects and the distribution of chain ends are also calculated. As the chains are confined, the end-to-end vectors align parallel to the walls beginning at a value of about twice the unconstrained value of the radius of gyration, regardless of the molecular weight. For values less than this, chain conformations are distorted and the magnitude of the average end-to-end vector and radius of gyration increase. The components of the end-to-end vector parallel and perpendicular to the walls are considered; in the cases of confinement, it is seen that there is a universal scaling relationship between the parallel component of the end-to-end vector and the plate spacing. The parallel component increases with the decreasing plate spacing according to approximately a one-sixth power (〈r2〉∥1/2 ∼ L-1/6). Chain ends are most likely to be in the vicinity of one of the walls due to entropic constraints.
On the Theory of Spin Relaxation of Gas Molecules: The Strong-Collision Limit (1964)

A model of spin relaxation of gas molecules based upon an assumption of strong collisions is developed. A relaxation matrix formally similar to that of Redfield, but with different spectral densities, is obtained. The nuclear magnetic relaxation of gaseous orthohydrogen is discussed in terms of these results, and it is shown that, in general, molecules in different J states are expected to exhibit different relaxation times (a conclusion that is independent of the strong collision assumption) whenever the collision mechanism is effective only in reorienting J but not in changing its magnitude. Otherwise statistical averages of relaxation times are obtained. Relaxation of more complex molecules is also discussed.
Macrocyclic polyether‐ and polythioether‐diesters and dithioesters from 1,10‐phenanthroline‐2,9‐dicarboxylic acid (1986)

Abstract The synthesis of nine macrocyclic polyether‐ and polythioether‐diesters 9–13 and dithioesters 14–17 derived from 1,10‐phenanthroline‐2,9‐dicarboxylic acid are reported. The macrocycles were prepared under conditions of high dilution in the absence of metal templates in consistently good yields and their structures were confirmed by 1 H and 13 C nmr spectroscopy. A macrocyclic phenanthroline‐pyridine tetraester 18 is also recorded.
A digitally controlled switch mode power supply based on matrix converter (2006)

High power telecommunication power supply systems consist of a three-phase switch mode rectifier followed by a dc/dc converter to supply loads at -48 V dc. These rectifiers draw significant harmonic currents from the utility, resulting in poor input power factor with high total harmonic distortion (THD). In this paper, a digitally controlled three-phase switch mode power supply based on a matrix converter is proposed for telecommunication applications. In the proposed approach, the matrix converter directly converts the low frequency (50/60Hz, three-phase) input to a high frequency (10/20kHz, one-phase) ac output without a dc-link. The output of the matrix converter is then processed via a high frequency isolation transformer to produce -48V dc. Digital control of the system ensures that the output voltage is regulated and the input currents are of high quality under varying load conditions. Due to the absence of dc-link electrolytic capacitors, power density of the proposed rectifier is expected to be higher. Analysis, design example and experimental results are presented from a three-phase 208-V, 1.5-kW laboratory prototype converter.
An investigation into glottal waveform based speech coding (1995)

Coding of voiced speech by extraction of the glottal waveform has shown promise in improving the efficiency of speech coding systems. This thesis describes an investigation into the performance of such a system.\n\nThe effect of reverberation on the radiation impedance at the lips is shown to be negligible under normal conditions. Also, the accuracy of the Image Method for adding artificial reverberation to anechoic speech recordings is established.\n\nA new algorithm, Pre-emphasised Maximum Likelihood Epoch Detection (PMLED), for Glottal Closure Instant detection is proposed. The algorithm is tested on natural speech and is shown to be both accurate and robust.\n\nTwo techniques for giottai waveform estimation, Closed Phase Inverse Filtering (CPIF) and Iterative Adaptive Inverse Filtering (IAIF), are compared. In tandem with an LF model fitting procedure, both techniques display a high degree of accuracy However, IAIF is found to be slightly more robust.\n\nBased on these results, a Glottal Excited Linear Predictive (GELP) coding system for voiced speech is proposed and tested. Using a differential LF parameter quantisation scheme, the system achieves speech quality similar to that of U S Federal Standard 1016 CELP at a lower mean bit rate while incurring no extra delay.
Biofunctionalization of Ulvan Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering (2014)

Photo-cross-linked ulvan scaffolds were designed with the aim to induce and support enzyme mediated formation of apatite minerals, in the absence of osteogenic growth factors. Scaffold formation with a desired geometry was investigated using chemically modified ulvan bearing radically polymerizable groups. Further bioactivity was incorporated by the use of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) induced minerals. Successful modification of UV cross-linked ulvan scaffolds was revealed by (1)H NMR. The presence of the mineral formation was evidenced by Raman spectroscopy and XRD techniques. Investigations of the morphology confirmed the homogeneous mineralization using ALP. The MC3T3 cell activity clearly showed that the mineralization of the biofunctionalized ulvan scaffolds was effective in improving the cellular activity.
Wind Tunnel Aeroacoustic Tests of Six Airfoils for Use on Small Wind Turbines: Preprint (2003)

Aeroacoustic tests of seven airfoils were performed in an open jet anechoic wind tunnel. Six of the airfoils are candidates for use on small wind turbines operating at low Reynolds number. One airfoil was tested for comparison to benchmark data. Tests were conducted with and without boundary layer tripping. In some cases a turbulence grid was placed upstream in the test section to investigate inflow turbulence noise. An array of 48 microphones was used to locate noise sources and separate airfoil noise from extraneous tunnel noise. Trailing edge noise was dominant for all airfoils in clean tunnel flow. With the boundary layer untripped, several airfoils exhibited pure tones that disappeared after proper tripping was applied. In the presence of inflow turbulence, leading edge noise was dominant for all airfoils.
Complete percutaneous approach versus surgical access in transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation: results from a multicentre registry (2017)

In this retrospective analysis both vascular access and closure techniques were associated with a similar risk of severe bleeding and major vascular events. However, these findings should be further confirmed in a multicentre, randomised study.
Dynamic model of a centrifugal chiller system: model development, numerical study, and validation. (2005)

The paper presents the development of a centrifugal chiller system model, using the finite-volume approach for shell-and-tube heat exchangers and aspects such as mesh dependence, integration order, and step size. Sufficient and necessary mesh sizes for accurate steady-state prediction are determined for the heat exchangers. Execution speeds with integration algorithms of the first, second, and fourth order are compared for equivalent accuracy. The model is based on first principles, allowing it to be used over a wide range of operating conditions and transients. The model is validated using data from a 90-ton R134a centrifugal chiller.
Does Phosphodiesterase III Inhibition Reverse the Cardiodepressive Effects of Propofol? (1997)

Total intravenous anesthesia with propofol is used increasingly in patients with impaired cardiac function. Enoximone, a drug suggested for congestive heart failure, had no effect on stroke volume or mean arterial pressure, but it increased heart rate. Enoximone is not recommended to treat impairment of cardiac function in patients anesthetized with propofol.
Coplanar stripline components for high-frequency applications (1997)

In this paper, coplanar stripline (CPS) discontinuities such as a narrow transverse slit, a symmetric step, a right-angle bend, and a T-junction are characterized and their performance is parameterized with respect to frequency and geometry. In addition, filter design using coplanar stripline discontinuities has been investigated. Lumped equivalent circuits are presented for some of the discontinuities. The element values are obtained from the measured discontinuity scattering parameters. The experimental results are compared with theoretical data obtained using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) technique for validation and show very good agreement.
SUM OF SINUSOIDAL PLUS NOISE MODEL TO EXTRACT COMPONENT ERROR FROM A DOUBLE BALLBAR MEASUREMENT ERROR MAP (2013)

The double ballbar (DBB) test, which captures actual data from multiple error origins of axes interaction, was defined as sinusoid error map model plus noise. When the number of sinusoids is the same as the number of individual errors of moving axis in the test map, we can extract a single source geometric error value from the DBB error map by modeling the well-known geometric error of linear axis. We considered the “noise” as mixed errors from other sources than geometric errors. This method is applicable to both a full circle and a truncated DBB test path.