gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A New Species of Freshwater Eel-tailed Catfish of the Genus<i>Tandanus</i>(Teleostei: Plotosidae) from the Wet Tropics Region of Eastern Australia (2014)

Tandanus tropicanus, new species, is described based on specimens from streams in the wet tropics region of northeast Queensland. Previously, two species were recognized in the genus Tandanus: T. tandanus of eastern Australia and T. bostocki of Western Australia. A combination of meristic and morphometric characters distinguishes the new species from all congeners. Further, taxonomic distinctness based on morphologic differences between the new species and all congeners is corroborated by genetic analyses.
Beta 2-microglobulin enhances human lymphocyte surface receptor expression for IgG. (1979)

Because of its close sequence homology to immunoglobulin constant domains, the effect of β2-microglobulin (β2µ) on the expression of Fc receptors on human peripheral blood lymphocytes was studied. Treatment of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) at 4°C with β2-microglobulin resulted in an increase in the percentage of lymphocytes expressing receptors for the Fc portion of IgG (Fcγ) from 34% in untreated preparations to 54% in preparations incubated with 50 µg of β2µ/2 × 106 cells. As shown by the binding of 125I-labeled β2µ, the molecule was taken up by peripheral lymphocytes and was associated with those lymphocytes that expressed Fcγ receptors. β2µ treatment had no demonstrable effect on the expression of other lymphocyte markers—E, EAC, sIg. The increase in Fcγ receptor expression was observed on T cells. Removal of adherent cells had no effect on β2µ induced Fcγ receptor expression, but the increased Fcγ receptor expression was abrogated by treatment with rabbit anti-human β2µ F(ab′)2 fragments. These findings suggest that high concentrations of β2µ exert effects on lymphocyte surfaces that may have functional as well as structural consequences in regulation of the immune system.
Vitamin E, alpha- and gamma-tocopherol, and prostate cancer. (1999)

Vitamin E is one of the most researched compounds in medicine. Vitamin E is actually a general name for potentially eight different compounds, so supplements can contain several forms and vitamin E in the diet also differs from the form found over the counter. There has been a strong interest in this supplement in the prostate cancer arena primarily because of a Finnish study that demonstrated a lower morbidity and mortality from this disease in men taking 50 mg of synthetic (alpha-tocopherol) vitamin E daily. In addition, observations from laboratory and clinical studies dealing with heart disease have found that gamma-tocopherol may also play a significant role in prevention; therefore, we decided to test the ability of this compound (versus synthetic vitamin E) to control the growth of a human prostate cancer cell line. Gamma-tocopherol was found to be superior to alpha-tocopherol in terms of cell inhibition in vitro. Both forms of vitamin E (and others) should be thoroughly evaluated in the future to provide the most effective chemoprevention information to the patient.
MediaMime (2002)

Studies have shown that e-Learning is one of the fasted growing trends in higher education. This evolving trend can be classified with respect to the underlying structure and content of these environments. Of particular note is an e-Learning environment which is structured asynchronously and whose content is based solely on an electronic medium. In such environments, classes may never actually meet and the only form of delivery may be via an electronic lecture system. Given this environment, how do we maintain the benefits of the traditional classroom setting while still offering students the flexibility they may need in having the asynchronous environment in the first place? Furthermore, given an electronic-only delivery mechanism, how can both the student and the instructor tailor e-Learning content to suit their needs. We propose a flexible media-rich instructional method which: 1) facilitates collaboration in an asynchronous, electronic lecture environment and 2) supports the context-based, post-production augmentation and exchange of user-defined supplements which allows an author to refine and tailor e-Learning content.
ChemInform Abstract: Aurophilic Interactions as a Subject of Current Research: An Up‐Date (2012)

Abstract Review: 353 refs.
Synthesis of alkyl 4-hydroxy-2-alkynoates (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of alkyl 4-hydroxy-2-alkynoatesM. Mark Midland, Alfonso Tramontano, and John R. CableCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1980, 45, 1, 28–29Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01289a006https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01289a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1766Altmetric-Citations85LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Adaptive control of first-order systems with nonlinear parameterization (2002)

An adaptive control method is presented for a class of first-order systems with nonlinear parametrization. The main feature of the scheme is that a novel integral type Lyapunov function is developed for constructing an asymptotically stable adaptive controller. Transient bounds of the tracking error are given to evaluate the control performance of the adaptive system. Two examples are provided to illustrate the design procedure and the effectiveness of the newly developed controller.
Microbiological Contamination of Spacecraft (2000)

The International Space Station (ISS) Phase1 Program resulted in seven US astronauts residing aboard the Russian Space Station Mir between March 1995 and May 1998. Collaboration between U.S. and Russian scientists consisted of collection and analyses of samples from the crewmembers and the Mir and Shuttle environments before, during, and after missions that lasted from 75 to 209 days in duration. The effects of long-duration space flight on the microbial characteristics of closed life support systems and the interactions of microbes with the spacecraft environment and crewmembers were investigated. Air samples were collected using a Russian or U.S.-supplied sampler (SAS, RCS, or Burkard,) while surface samples were collected using contact slides (Hycon) or swabs. Mir recycled condensate and stored potable water sources were analyzed using the U.S.-supplied Water Experiment Kit. In-flight analysis consisted of enumeration of levels of bacteria and fungi. Amounts of microorganisms seen in the air and on surfaces were mostly within acceptability lin1its; observed temporal fluctuations in levels of microbes probably reflect changes in environmental conditions (e.g., humidity). All Mir galley hot water samples were within the standards set for Mir and the ISS. Microbial isolates were returned to Earth for identification of bacterial and fungal isolates. Crew samples (nose, throat, skin, urine, and feces) were analyzed using methods approved for the medical evaluations of Shuttle flight crews. No significant changes in crew microbiota were found during space flight or upon return relative to preflight results. Dissemination of microbes between the crew and environment was demonstrated by D A fingerprinting. Some biodegradation of spacecraft materials was observed. Accumulation of condensate allowed for the recovery of a wide range of bacteria and fungi as well as some protozoa and dust mites.
Hostility, the metabolic syndrome, and incident coronary heart disease. (2002)

This invesgation examined the impact of hostility and the metabolic syndrome on coronary heart disease (CHD) using prospective data from the Normative Aging Study. Seven hundred seventy-four older, unmedicated men free of cardiovascular disease were included in the study. The total Cook-Medley Hostility (Ho) Scale score, anthropometric data, serum lipids, fasting insulin concentrations, blood pressure, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and total dietary calories were used to predict incident CHD during a 3-year follow-up interval. Multivariate analysis indicated that only Ho positively predicted and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level negatively predicted incident CHD. Ho's effects on CHD may be mediated though mechanisms other than factors that constitute the metabolic syndrome.
Glycinergic neurons in the human retina (1984)

Neurotransmitter-specific properties of glycinergic neurons in the human retina were studied using 11 pairs of eyes from donors ranging from 2 1/2 to 54 years in age. A mean endogenous level of 10.3 nmoles glycine per mg protein was measured by amino acid analysis in retinas isolated within 1 hour postmortem. When retinas were incubated with 3H-glycine (2 microM) and processed for autoradiography, label was found associated with neurons whose somata reside within the inner nuclear layer. Some heavily labeled neurons located at the vitread border of the inner nuclear layer were identified as amacrine cells based on ultrastructural verification of the conventional synaptic contacts made by their processes in distal regions of the inner plexiform layer. In proximal regions of the inner plexiform layer, dendrites of glycine-accumulating amacrine cells were postsynaptic to both ribbon and conventional synaptic contacts, suggesting input from bipolar and other, nonglycinergic amacrine cells. Their density (30 +/- 11 S.D. cells/mm linear retinal expanse) tended to be greater toward the central fundus. A second population of lightly labeled, probable bipolar cells was present in the middle of the inner nuclear layer; the density of this second set of glycine-accumulating cells approximated that of the heavily labeled population from the fovea, centrally, to the ora serrata, peripherally. Release of either accumulated or endogenous glycine was elicited by K+-depolarization in a Ca2+-dependent manner. Tissue fragments exposed for 6 minutes to normal medium, 40 mM K+-substituted medium, or K+-substituted medium with Co2+, release endogenous glycine into each bathing solution in average amounts of 0.6, 2.6, and 0.7 nmoles per mg protein, respectively. Together these data strongly implicate glycine as a neurotransmitter in the human retina.
ChemInform Abstract: Nd<sub>5</sub>O<sub>4</sub>Cl[AsO<sub>3</sub>]<sub>2</sub> and Gd<sub>5</sub>O<sub>4</sub>Br<sub>3</sub>[SeO<sub>3</sub>]<sub>2</sub>: Two Lanthanoid Oxide Halides with Complex “Lone‐Pair” Oxoanions. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Photorefractive adaptive transmission system (1993)

A photorefractive system based on the combined operation of a strontium barium niobate input amplifier and a self-pumped barium titanate phase-conjugator crystal is presented and analyzed. Amplified real-time phase-conjugate wave-front generation in this system is demonstrated. The system's ability to all-optically, temporally modulate a weak probe signal and to transmit it back to its source by means of amplified dynamic phase conjugation demonstrates its potential in adaptive optical transmission schemes.
Preliminary Data Processing Plan for the Thermal Plasma Experiment on the HILAT Satellite. (1983)

The thermal plasma experiment is one of five experiments to be flown on the HILAT satellite in a polar orbit. The experiment consists of an ion drift-meter, an ion retarding potential analyzers and a spherical electron Langmuir probe. The details of the instruments are described. The calibrations and conversion factor to change from telemetry units to scientific units are given. Algorithms for converting the raw data into the parameters of interest are given. These algorithms are intended for obtaining quick-look information. Refinements to the algorithm will be required before the final results are released. (Author)
Visualisation des conditions de transition à la turbulence en convection naturelle (1965)

Mordchelles-Régnier G., Kaplan C. Visualisation des conditions de transition à la turbulence en convection naturelle. In: Les instabilités en hydraulique et en mécanique des fluides. Compte rendu des huitièmes journées de l'hydraulique; Lille, 8-10 juin 1964. Tome 1, 1965.
Heterogeneous multirobot coordination with spatial and temporal constraints (2005)

Although recent work in multirobot teaming targets challenging domains such as disaster response or planetary exploration, the lack of formal problem descriptions and benchmarks make it difficult to evaluate various coordination approaches. We formally describe the problem of scheduling a team of robots with heterogeneous capabilities to accomplish a set of joint tasks that are spatially distributed. Finding the optimal plan in these domains requires robots to integrate path planning and task allocation with scheduling, which existing approaches to multirobot coordination separate. We have developed a declarative framework for modeling the problem as a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) problem and a centralized anytime algorithm with error bounds. The anytime algorithm can outperform standard MILP solving techniques, greedy heuristics, and a market based approach which separates scheduling and task allocation. Generating improved plans is insufficient if the schedules cannot be repaired to accomodate new observations or hardware failures as the robots traverse the environment. We present a framework for schedule repair that leverages the expressive nature of the MILP representation and minimizes the plan disruption.
SU‐E‐J‐88: Margin Reduction of Level II/III Planning Target Volume for Image‐Guided Simultaneous Integrated Boost Head‐And‐Neck Treatment (2014)

Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of improved normal tissue sparing for head‐and‐neck (H' N) image‐guided radiotherapy (IGRT) by employing tighter CTV‐to‐PTV margins for target level II/III though a GPU‐based deformable image registration and dose accumulation framework. Methods: Ten H' N simultaneous integrated boost cases treated on TomoTherapy were retrospectively analyzed. Weekly kVCT scans in addition to daily MVCT scans were acquired for each patient. Reduced margin plans were generated with 0‐ mm margin for level II and III PTV (while 3‐5 mm margin for PTV1) and compared with the standard margin plan using 3‐5mm margin to all CTV1‐3 (reference plan). An in‐house developed GPU‐based 3D image deformation tool was used to register and deform the weekly KVCTs with the planning CT and determine the delivered mean/minimum/maximum dose, dose volume histograms (DVHs), etc. Results: Compared with the reference plans, the averaged cord maximum, the right and left parotid doses reduced by 22.7 %, 16.5 %, and 9 % respectively in the reduced margin plans. The V95 for PTV2 and PTV3 were found within 2 and 5% between the reference and tighter margin plans. For the reduced margin plans, the averaged cumulative mean doses were consistent with the planned dose for PTV1, PTV2 and PTV3 within 1.5%, 1.7% and 1.4%. Similar dose variations of the delivered dose were seen for the reference and tighter margin plans. The delivered maximum and mean doses for the cord were 3.55 % and 2.37% higher than the planned doses; a 5 % higher cumulative mean dose for the parotids was also observed for the delivered dose than the planned doses in both plans. Conclusion: By imposing tighter CTV‐to‐PTV margins for level II and III targets for H' N irradiation, acceptable cumulative doses were achievable when coupled with weekly kVCT guidance while improving normal structure sparing.
Novel Experimental Identification Method for a Supercapacitor Multipore Model in Order to Monitor the State of Health (2015)

Supercapacitors (SCs) impedance modeling represents one important key to get information for SCs health monitoring and simulation. As a matter of fact, SCs behavior is dependent on various parameters such as pore size distribution of electrodes, electrolyte state, temperature, aging, etc. We propose in this study to model SC taking into account physical considerations. Basing on the theory on homogenous structure impedance, we first define the single pore model using the uniform size of pores distribution. In the second step, we attempt to generalize this circuit model considering an electrode with different pores sizes or different penetrabilities of the pores. This model called multipore (MP) model (or multipenetrability model) has been developed by our laboratories. This model allows analyzing the behavior of SC by modeling each group of electrode pores as a branch of an electrical equivalent circuit. This paper is the first in the literature to give a simple and reproducible method for MP model parameters identification. The validity of the identification method will also be verified at different SC aging rates thanks to experimental aging tests.
Effects of alcohol and other psychotropic drugs on eye movements: Relevance to traffic safety (1987)

The effects of alcohol and other psychotropic drugs on eye movements are reviewed with particular attention to the possible relevance of these effects for traffic safety. Alcohol has been shown to have diverse ffects, including reduction of the velocity of both saccadic and smooth pursuit eye movements, increased saccadic latency, impairment of convergence and induction of nystagmus. These effects probably contribute to impaired visual information processing, which reduces driving ability. Barbiturates have been reported to produce effects similar to alcohol, and the effects of benzodiazepines and opioids seem to be more limited but still substantial. Marihuana has relatively little effect on eye movements. (J. Stud. Alcohol 47: 426-432, 1986) PIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES have shown that drivers involved in traffic accidents are more likely to have been under the influence of alcohol or other drugs than drivers not involved in accidents (Bo et al., 1975; Honkanen et al., 1980; Warren et al., 1981). For prescription drugs such as the benzodiazepines, this correlation probably reflects both a contribution of the condition for which the drug is taken and the effects of the drug itself. The increased risk that a driver using a drug will be responsible for a traffic accident has been expressed by Warren et al. (1981) as the Culpability Index (Table 1). This index reflects the percentage of drivers who were considered to have been at fault among fatally injured drivers with detectable levels of drugs or alcohol in blood or urine compared with the percentage of drivers at fault among fatally injured drivers with no drugs or alcohol detected. Alcohol was detected in 57% of these fatally injured drivers, and an adjustment was made to correct for TABLE 1. Accident culpability of fatally injured drivers a Culpability Drug Culpable o70 Index
Highly Enantioselective Copper-Catalyzed Conjugate Addition of Diethylzinc to Nitroalkenes (2004)

Copper-catalyzed asymmetric conjugate addition of diethylzinc to nitroalkenes using new chiral monodentate phosphoramidite ligands proceeds with high enantioselectivity up to 99% ee. [reaction: see text]
β‐Cell evolution: How the pancreas borrowed from the brain (2011)

Abstract Editor's suggested further reading in BioEssays A new paradigm in cell therapy for diabetes: Turning pancreatic α‐cells into β‐cells Abstract
Sundaicumones A and B, Polyprenylated Acylphloroglucinol Derivatives from <i>Calophyllum </i><i>s</i><i>undaicum</i> with Weak Activity against the Glucocorticoid Receptor (2006)

Bioassay-directed fractionation using a glucocorticoid receptor assay led to the isolation of two new, weakly active polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol derivatives, sundaicumones A (1) and B (2), from the leaves of Calophyllum sundaicum collected in Singapore. The structures of 1 and 2, which were established by spectroscopic methods, contain a 3-substituted hexanoic acid unit not previously reported in other polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols.
OBSERVATIONS ON THE DYNAMICS OF THE BLADDER NECK <sup>1</sup> (1966)

SUMMARY
Master-Slave Synchronization Using Dynamic Output Feedback (1997)

A method of linear dynamic output feedback for master-slave synchronization of two identical Lur'e systems is introduced. In this scheme, synchronization is obtained using one or at least fewer measurement signals and control signals than the number of state variables of the Lur'e system. A sufficient condition for global asymptotic stability of the error system is derived from a quadratic Lyapunov function and is expressed as a matrix inequality. The dynamic controller is designed by solving a constrained nonlinear optimization problem. The method is demonstrated on Chua's circuit and a hyperchaotic circuit consisting of 2-double scroll cells.
Explainability for Natural Language Processing (2021)

This lecture-style tutorial, which mixes in an interactive literature browsing component, is intended for the many researchers and practitioners working with text data and on applications of natural language processing (NLP) in data science and knowledge discovery. The focus of the tutorial is on the issues of transparency and interpretability as they relate to building models for text and their applications to knowledge discovery. As black-box models have gained popularity for a broad range of tasks in recent years, both the research and industry communities have begun developing new techniques to render them more transparent and interpretable. Reporting from an interdisciplinary team of social science, human-computer interaction (HCI), and NLP/knowledge management researchers, our tutorial has two components: an introduction to explainable AI (XAI) in the NLP domain and a review of the state-of-the-art research; and findings from a qualitative interview study of individuals working on real-world NLP projects as they are applied to various knowledge extraction and discovery at a large, multinational technology and consulting corporation. The first component will introduce core concepts related to explainability in NLP. Then, we will discuss explainability for NLP tasks and report on a systematic literature review of the state-of-the-art literature in AI, NLP and HCI conferences. The second component reports on our qualitative interview study, which identifies practical challenges and concerns that arise in real-world development projects that require the modeling and understanding of text data.