gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antifungal Agents<sup>1</sup> (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAntifungal Agents1Stephen B. Coan and Dominick PapaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 9, 2402–2404Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1955https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01614a013RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views146Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (351 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Wnt/frizzled signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma (2006)

The Wnt/Frizzled (FZD) signaling cascade is important for cell fate determination during embryonic development as well as maintaining tissue homeostasis in the adult. In addition to these physiologic roles, studies have shown that deregulation of Wnt/FZD signaling occurs during carcinogenesis. As an example, over 90% of the colorectal cancers have mutations in adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) or beta-catenin genes. In addition, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is another tumor with frequent aberrant activation of beta-catenin signaling. Nuclear and/or cellular beta-catenin accumulation, a hallmark of the activated canonical Wnt/FZD signaling, has been observed in 33-67% of tumors. However, mutations of APC and/or beta-catenin genes are found only in about 20-30% of HCCs, suggesting that the predominant mechanism(s) activating Wnt/FZD signaling pathway may be different from that found in colorectal cancers. There is accumulating evidence to suggest that regulatory mechanisms other than mutations involving beta-catenin or proteins in its destruction complex, many of which involve upstream components of the Wnt/FZD cascade, are important in HCC. Furthermore, information on the target genes of Wnt/FZD signaling and their roles in hepatocarcinogenesis is limited despite the recent discovery of several candidate genes. This review focuses on the alterations of Wnt/FZD signaling pathways and their relationship to the pathogenesis of HCC. A better understanding of the precise mechanisms of altered Wnt/FZD signaling may provide new molecular targets for therapy of HCC.
Critical evaluation of methods used to determine amplification efficiency refutes the exponential character of real-time PCR (2008)

In addition to presenting insights into the sigmoidal character of the polymerase chain reaction, LRE analysis provides a viable alternative to standard curves for amplification efficiency determination, based on analysis of high-quality fluorescence readings within the central region of SYBR Green I generated amplification profiles.
Compact CWDM: a low-cost high-performance packaging platform (2005)

We describe a cost-effective new packaging platform for CWDM passives. The Compact CWDM (CCWDM) devices use free-space beam cascading schemes and offer far better size, performance and reliability measures than traditional counterparts built by cascading 3-port thin-film filters.
Accurate Language Identification of Twitter Messages (2014)

We present an evaluation of "off-theshelf" language identification systems as applied to microblog messages from Twitter. A key challenge is the lack of an adequate corpus of messages annotated for language that reflects the linguistic diversity present on Twitter. We overcome this through a "mostly-automated" approach to gathering language-labeled Twitter messages for evaluating language identification. We present the method to construct this dataset, as well as empirical results over existing datasets and off-theshelf language identifiers. We also test techniques that have been proposed in the literature to boost language identification performance over Twitter messages. We find that simple voting over three specific systems consistently outperforms any specific system, and achieves state-of-the-art accuracy on the task.
Meteosat third generation phase A: optical payload consolidation (2007)

ESA and EUMETSAT have initiated joint preparatory activities for the formulation and definition of the Meteosat Third Generation (MTG) geostationary system to ensure the continuity and improvement of the Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) system. The MTG will become the new system to be the backbone of the European operational meteorological services from 2015, in particular, will ensure the continuation of the imagery missions. The first phases were devoted to the definition and consolidation of end user requirements and priorities in the field of Nowcasting and Very Short Term Weather Forecasting (NWC), Medium/Short Range global and regional Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP), Climate and Air Composition Monitoring and to the definition of the relevant observation techniques. The following missions have been analysed and preliminary concepts studied: - High Resolution Fast Imagery Mission (successor to MSG SEVIRI HRV mission) - Full Disk High Spectral Resolution Imagery Mission (successor to the mission of other MSG-SEVIRI channels) - Lightning Imagery Mission - IR Sounding Mission - UV-VIS-NIR Sounding Mission After pre-phase A mission studies (2003-2006), where preliminary instrument concepts were investigated allowing in the same time to consolidate the technical requirements for the overall system study, a phase A study on MTG has been launched at the beginning of February 2007 for the space segment system feasibility and programmatic aspects to be accomplished during 2007-2008 time frame. The space segment phase A study will cover all elements to the level of details allowing to conclude on the feasibility of the system and to produce cost estimates with a good level of confidence. This paper addresses an overview of the outcome of the MTG space segment progress (spacecraft concept, payload preliminary design studies) accomplished in the frame of the phase A. It namely focuses onto the Imaging and IR Sounding Missions, highlights the platform and resulting instrument concepts, establishes the critical technologies and introduces the study progress towards the implementation of the MTG development programme.
Age-related Reduction in 8th Cervical Ventral Nerve Root Myelinated Fiber Diameters and Numbers in Man (1987)

Reduction in the number of large myelinated nerve fibers in spinal nerve roots has been described previously. We observed a reduction in myelinated nerve fiber diameters which at least in part explains the apparent marked reduction in the number of large myelinated fibers with age.
TRSkit: A simple digital library toolkit (1997)

This paper introduces TRSkit, a simple and effective toolkit for building digital libraries on the World Wide Web. The toolkit was developed for the creation of the Langley Technical Report Server and the NASA Technical Report Server, but is applicable to most simple distribution paradigms. TRSkit contains a handful of freely available software components designed to be run under the UNIX operating system and served via the World Wide Web. The intended customer is the person that must continuously and synchronously distribute anywhere from 100 - 100,000's of information units and does not have extensive resources to devote to the problem.
Mesenchymal stem cell pretreatment of non-heart-beating-donors in experimental lung transplantation (2014)

Preischemic deposition of hMSC in donor lungs is feasible and effective, and endobronchial application is associated with significantly better DLC as compared to sham controls. In contrast, transvascular hMSC delivery results in inferior oxygenation and PVR. In the long term perspective, due to immunomodulatory, paracrine and tissue-remodeling effects on epithelial and endothelial restitution, an endobronchial NHBD allograft-pretreatment with autologous mesenchymal-stem-cells to attenuate limiting bronchiolitis-obliterans-syndrome in the long-term perspective might be promising in clinical lung transplantation. Subsequent work with chronic experiments is initiated to further elucidate this important field.
Object Recognition Using Deep Neural Networks: A Survey (2014)

Recognition of objects using Deep Neural Networks is an active area of research and many breakthroughs have been made in the last few years. The paper attempts to indicate how far this field has progressed. The paper briefly describes the history of research in Neural Networks and describe several of the recent advances in this field. The performances of recently developed Neural Network Algorithm over benchmark datasets have been tabulated. Finally, some the applications of this field have been provided.
The age of cataclysmic variables. (1996)

Applying standard models for formation and evolution of cataclysmic variables (CVs) we determine the age structure of a model population of Galactic CVs. By convolving the obtained CV age distribution with the observed age--space velocity relation of single stars we derive the theoretically expected distribution of fl--velocities and the dispersion of fl as a function of orbital period. This dispersion turns out to be essentially independent of selection effects. Therefore the observational determinination of fl for a sufficient number of CVs with known orbital period would probe the intrinsic, largely invisible CV population. Our model calculation predicts that most systems above the period gap are younger than 1.5 Gyr, whereas systems below the gap have a typical age of 3--4 Gyr. This age difference is a direct result of disrupted magnetic braking and leads to a significant difference between the velocity dispersion of CVs below and above the period gap; however observations do not a...
A Review on Lean Manufacturing Implementation Techniques (2014)

The concept of lean manufacturing was developed for maximizing the resource utilization through minimization of waste, later on lean was formulated in response to the fluctuating and competitive business environment. Due to rapidly changing business environment the organizations are forced to face challenges and complexities. Any organization whether manufacturing or service oriented to survive may ultimately depend on its ability to systematically and continuously respond to these changes for enhancing the product value. Therefore value adding process is necessary to achieve this perfection; hence implementing a lean manufacturing system is becoming a core competency for any type of organizations to sustain. The majority of the study focuses on single aspect of lean element, only very few focuses on more than one aspect of lean elements, but for the successful implementation of lean the organisation had to focuses on all the aspects such as Value Stream Mapping (VSM),Cellular Manufacturing (CM), U-line system, Line Balancing, Inventory control, Single Minute Exchange of Dies (SMED), Pull System, Kanban, Production Levelling etc., In this paper, an attempt has been made to develop a lean route map for the organization to implement the lean manufacturing system. Analyses of the exploratory survey results are summarized in this paper to illustrate the implementation sequence of lean elements in volatile business environment and the finding of this review was synthesized to develop a unified theory for implementation of lean elements.
Studies on Feline Haemobartonellosis : II. The Mechanism of Anemia Produced by Infection with Haemobartonella felis (1975)

The mechanism of anemia in feline haemobartonellosis was examined with 15 cats as experimental animals. Haemobartonella felis appeared on erythrocytes 3 to 18 days, or 6.7 days on an average, after inoculation. The erythrocyte count, hematocrit and hemoglobin decreased in value in the 15 cats over a period of appearance of H. felis on erythrocytes. They tended, however, to return gradually to their previous levels immediately after the disappearance of H. felis from erythrocytes. On the contrary, the osmotic fragility of the erythrocyte showed a marked increase immediately following the appearance of H. felis, but it showed no recovery even when the parasite disappeared from erythrocytes. The direct Coombs test became positive in all the animals for 15 days on an average after the first appearance of H. felis on erythrocytes. Erythrophagocytosis by mononuclear cells or rarely by neutrophils was observed in blood smears of 11 animals for 19.5 days on an average from the first appearance of H. felis. From these results, it is conjectured that parasitized erythrocytes may probably be sequestrated by reticuloendothelium of the spleen or some other organ, but that some of them may return soon to the circulating blood by getting free from the parasite in spite of some damage caused by the parasite. What damage H. felis does to erythrocytes will be studied in future.
Scheduling of semiconductor test facility via Petri nets and hybrid heuristic search (1998)

This paper proposes and evaluates two Petri net-based hybrid heuristic search strategies and their applications to semiconductor test facility scheduling. To reduce the setup time, such as the time spent to bring the test facilities to the required temperatures, scheduling multiple lots for each job type together is desirable. Petri nets can concisely model multiple lot sizes for each job, the strict precedence constraints, multiple kinds of resources, concurrent activities and flexible routes. To cope with the complexities for multiple lots scheduling, this paper presents two Petri net-based hybrid heuristic search strategies. They combine the heuristic best-first strategy with the controlled back tracking strategy based on the execution of the Petri nets. The obtained scheduling results are compared and analyzed through a small-size test facility. The better algorithm is also applied to a more sizable facility containing types of resources with a total of 79 pieces and 30 jobs. The future work includes the real-time implementation of the proposed method and scheduling results in real industrial settings.
A New Laser Photochemical Process for Isotope Enrichment (1975)

Abstract Selective laser excitation of a specific isotopic species to its lowest electronic singlet (S1) and triplet (T1) states respectively, then followed by a chemical reaction for isotope separation is examined theoretically. It is found that the direct excitation to T1 state from ground state (S0) is an unique excitation channel for obtaining a controllable chemical reaction and for achieving a high isotope separation factor. This is due to the following important facts: 1) Resonant energy transfer from a selectively excited triplet isotopic species to an unexcited species of the other isotope present in the mixture is missing (or is very small); 2) The lifetime of the T1 state is normally longer than that of the S1 state; 3) There is no intersystem crossing channel that exists for the deactivation of excited isotopic species from T1 state. Numerical calculation is performed for the chlorine isotope separation in a mixture of thiophosgene (0.5 torr) and diethoxyethylene (1.5 torr). The result indicates that the isotopic enrichment factor is at least 2.5 × 103 times larger for selective T1 excitation than that for S1 excitation.
Molecular basis for differential elongation of omega-3 docosapentaenoic acid by the rat Elovl5 and Elovl2 (2013)

Functional characterization of the rat elongases, Elovl5 and Elovl2, has identified that Elovl2 is crucial for omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (22:6n-3) synthesis. While the substrate specificities of the rat elongases had some overlap, only Elovl2 can convert the C22 omega-3 PUFA docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) (22:5n-3) to 24:5n-3, which is the penultimate precursor of DHA. In order to better understand the potential for these elongases to be involved in DHA synthesis, we have examined the molecular reasons for the differences between Elovl5 and Elovl2 in their ability to elongate DPA to 24:5n-3. We identified a region of heterogeneity between Elovl5 and Elovl2 spanning transmembrane domains 6 and 7. Using a yeast expression system, we examined a series of Elovl2/Elovl5 chimeras and point mutations to identify Elovl2 residues within this region which are responsible for DPA substrate specificity. The results indicate that the cysteine at position 217 in Elovl2 and a tryptophan at the equivalent position in Elovl5 explain their differing abilities to elongate DPA to 24:5n-3. Further studies confirmed that Elovl2 C217 is a critical residue for elongation of DPA at the level observed in the native protein. Understanding the ability of elongases to synthesize 24:5n-3 may provide a basis for using sequence data to predict their ability to ultimately support DHA synthesis.
Case Study—Aspiration of a Foreign Body: An Apple A Day? (1994)

Michelle Murphy has been practicing in the field of cardiopulmonary physical therapy for the past seven years. She was the Acute Care Advanced Clinician in the Department of Physical Therapy, Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, NY, NY when this was written. She was a staff therapist at NYU Medical Center, NY, NY when she treated JM.
Improvement in Prognosis of Patients with Acute Renal Failure over a Period of 15 Years: An Analysis of 710 Cases in a Dialysis Center (1992)

In order to evaluate the changes in causes and outcome of acute renal failure (ARF) during the years 1975-1989, 710 patients treated in our dialysis center were analyzed. We compared the etiology, the severity and catabolic state of ARF, the techniques of renal replacement therapy, which were employed and the ages and mortality rates of these patients, who received dialysis therapy during the years 1975-79 (n = 227), 1980-84 (n = 240) and 1985-89 (n = 243). The number of postoperative, posttraumatic and non-traumatic cases of ARF was approximately the same in all three 5-year periods, only the frequency of postrenal failure decreased from 7% in the years 1975-79 to 3% in the years 1985-89. The incidence of sepsis as a major cause of ARF and the most important risk factor was comparably high in the surgical and medical patients during all of the periods, but it increased in the traumatic patients from 7% in the years 1975-79 to 28% during the last 5-year period. The prevalence of respiratory failure and jaundice as additional organ failures, the severity of ARF (oligonanuric-nonoliguric) and the metabolic state were not different in the three patient groups. The magnitude of rise in serum creatinine before the start of renal replacement therapy was significant lower in the last 5-year period in comparison to the years 1975-79 (p < 0.05). Hemodialysis was the treatment in choice of 98 and 93% of the cases during the first two periods, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A Bottom-Source Single-Gate Vertical Channel (BS-SGVC) 3D NAND Flash Architecture and Studies of Bottom Source Engineering (2016)

Vertical channel (VC) 3D NAND Flash may be categorized into two types of channel formation: (1) "U-turn" string, where both BL and source are connected at top thus channel current flows in a U-turn way; (2) "Bottom source", where source is connected at the bottom thus channel current flows only in one way. For the single-gate vertical channel (SGVC) 3D NAND architecture [1], it is also possible to develop a bottom source structure. The detailed array decoding method is illustrated. In this work, the challenges of bottom source processing and thin poly channel formation are extensively studied. It is found that the two-step poly formation and the bottom recess control are two key factors governing the device initial performance. In general, the two-step poly formation with additional poly spacer etching technique seems to cause degradation of both the poly mobility and device subthreshold slope. Sufficient thermal annealing is needed to recover the damage. Moreover, the bottom connection needs an elegant recess control for better read current as well as bottom ground-select transistor (GSL) device optimizations.
Light Diffraction Efficiency of Acoustic Surface Waves (1971)

Measurements of the angular dependence of the efficiency of light diffraction by acoustic surface waves on crystalline quartz are presented. From these and other measurements on LiNbO(3) it is concluded that the largest diffraction efficiencies obtainable at present from acoustic surface waves are on the order of a few percent except in the special configuration where Bragg diffraction can be utilized. The significance of these measurements with respect to the operation of practical light deflection devices is discussed.
Sim-to-Real Autonomous Vehicle Lane Keeping using Vision (2021)

This paper presents the analysis of the J-Net deep neural network used for autonomous vehicle lane keeping, and its verification in simulated and real conditions. The transition from the simulated world on the personal computer to the real world in laboratory conditions is tackled. In the presented solution, autonomous lane keeping is achieved by analyzing information from visual sensors using a deep neural network. J-Net was developed with an aim to be implemented on an autonomous vehicle platform with limited hardware performance in terms of computing power and memory capacity. Verification of autonomous driving using J-Net was achieved in simulated conditions, using an open-source simulator for autonomous driving, and in real-world conditions. For the verification in real-world conditions, an autonomous driving system was designed and implemented in the Laboratory of Electronics at the School of Electrical Engineering, University of Belgrade.
Concepts of Artificial Intelligence for Computer-Assisted Drug Discovery (2019)

Artificial intelligence (AI), and, in particular, deep learning as a subcategory of AI, provides opportunities for the discovery and development of innovative drugs. Various machine learning approaches have recently (re)emerged, some of which may be considered instances of domain-specific AI which have been successfully employed for drug discovery and design. This review provides a comprehensive portrayal of these machine learning techniques and of their applications in medicinal chemistry. After introducing the basic principles, alongside some application notes, of the various machine learning algorithms, the current state-of-the art of AI-assisted pharmaceutical discovery is discussed, including applications in structure- and ligand-based virtual screening, de novo drug design, physicochemical and pharmacokinetic property prediction, drug repurposing, and related aspects. Finally, several challenges and limitations of the current methods are summarized, with a view to potential future directions for AI-assisted drug discovery and design.
TDMA convergence for packet data services (1999)

The provisioning of packet data services with evolutionary cellular networks is a challenge for current operators. For packet data services, two widely used TDMA-based systems, GSM and TIA/EIA-136, will evolve toward a common radio interface. This article discusses the benefits of that convergence. It presents the network planning principles for the common technology, and estimates the network performance with simulations and by evaluations based on measurements from a current network. The article also discusses the benefits of the convergence for implementation of a mobile handset.