gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
De la sécurité des platesformes JavaCardTM face aux attaques matérielles (2012)

Les cartes à puce jouent un rôle crucial dans de nombreuses applications que nous utilisons quotidiennement : paiement par carte bancaire, téléphonie mobile, titres de transport électroniques, etc. C'est dans ce contexte que la technologie Java Card s'est imposée depuis son introduction en 1996, réduisant les coûts de développement et de déploiement d'applications pour cartes à puce et permettant la cohabitation de plusieurs applications au sein d'une même carte. La communauté scientifique a rapidement démontré que la possibilité donnée à un attaquant d'installer des applications sur les cartes représente une menace. Mais dans le même temps, la sécurité des systèmes embarqués a également été un sujet d'étude très productif, révélant que des algorithmes cryptographiques considérés comme sûrs pouvaient être facilement cassés si leurs implémentations ne prenaient pas en compte certaines propriétés physiques des composants électroniques qui les accueillent. En particulier, une partie des attaques publiées repose sur la capacité de l'attaquant à perturber physiquement le composant pendant qu'un calcul est exécuté. Ces attaques par injections de fautes n'ont que très peu été étudiées dans le contexte de la technologie Java Card. Cette thèse étudie et analyse la sécurité des Java Cards contre des attaques combinant injections de fautes et installations d'applications malicieuses. Tout d'abord, nous présentons différents chemins d'attaques combinées et exposons dans quelle mesure ces attaques permettent de casser différents mécanismes sécuritaires de la plateforme. En particulier, notre analyse sécuritaire permet de démontrer que la propriété de sûreté du typage, l'intégrité du flot de contrôle, ainsi que le mécanisme d'isolation des applications peuvent être contournés et exploités par des combinaisons adéquates. Puis, nous présentons différentes approches permettant d'améliorer la résistance de la plateforme Java Card ainsi que des applications qu'elle accueille contre des attaques combinées. Ainsi, nous définissons plusieurs contremesures rendant les attaques exposées ainsi que certaines attaques de l'état de l'art inopérantes, et ce en gardant à l'esprit les fortes contraintes inhérentes au monde des cartes à puce.
Conjugated polymer nanoparticles for biomedical in vivo imaging (2010)

Conjugated polymer nanoparticles, produced by in situ colloidal Knoevenagel polymerization, show advantageous properties (bright emission, colloidal/chemical stability and mesoscopic size range) that allow the successful in vivo application to real-time sentinel lymph node mapping in a mouse model.
Framework for Real-Time Three-Dimensional Modeling of Infrastructure (2005)

Modeling transportation infrastructure assets in three dimensions (3D) is becoming increasingly necessary for good management. Condition assessment, maintenance, operations, and construction activities are exploiting 3D models for improved visualization, communications, and process control. Acquiring 3D models rapidly can improve safety and productivity and is becoming feasible through approaches based on sparse range point clouds; however, although this approach has contextual advantages, it is ultimately limited in speed. Emerging Flash laser detection and ranging (LADAR) technology is opening up the possibility of 3D modeling at rates better than 1 Hz (real time). A framework for 3D modeling is presented that includes the dimension of time. In particular, the performance of the Flash LADAR technology is examined, and potential applications are explored. Technologies such as Flash LADAR will play an important role in real-time modeling of infrastructure assets in the near future.
THE INDUCTION OF ICAM-I AND Mn SOD IN RESPONSE TO ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION OF SKELETAL MUSCLE IN HUMANS (1999)

Society of Critical Care Medicine; 28th Educational and Scientific Symposium; San Francisco, California, USA; January 23-27, 1999: Poster Symposia Presentations
Transformation of myeloid progenitors by MLL oncoproteins is dependent on <i>Hoxa7</i> and <i>Hoxa9</i> (2003)

Transcriptional deregulation through the production of dominant-acting chimeric transcription factors derived from chromosomal translocations is a common theme in the pathogenesis of acute leukemias; however, the essential target genes for acute leukemogenesis are unknown. We demonstrate here that primary myeloid progenitors immortalized by various MLL oncoproteins exhibit a characteristic Hoxa gene cluster expression profile, which reflects that preferentially expressed in the myeloid clonogenic progenitor fraction of normal bone marrow. Continued maintenance of this MLL-dependent Hoxa gene expression profile is associated with conditional MLL-associated myeloid immortalization. Moreover, Hoxa7 and Hoxa9 were specifically required for efficient in vitro myeloid immortalization by an MLL fusion protein but not other leukemogenic fusion proteins. Finally, in a bone marrow transduction/transplantation model, Hoxa9 is essential for MLL-dependent leukemogenesis in vivo, a primary requirement detected at the earliest stages of disease initiation. Thus, a genetic reliance on Hoxa7 and Hoxa9 in MLL -mediated transformation demonstrates a gain-of-function mechanism for MLL oncoproteins as upstream constitutive activators that promote myeloid transformation via a Hox -dependent mechanism.
Abstraction in query processing (1991)

article Abstraction in query processing Share on Author: Tomasz Imielinski Rutgers Univ., New Brunswick, NJ Rutgers Univ., New Brunswick, NJView Profile Authors Info & Claims Journal of the ACMVolume 38Issue 3July 1991 pp 533–557https://doi.org/10.1145/116825.116832Online:01 July 1991Publication History 5citation453DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations5Total Downloads453Last 12 Months5Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
CERAMIC MEMBRANES FOR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION FROM COAL (2001)

The present project is devoted to developing hydrogen permselective silica membranes supported on composite supports to achieve high flux and selectivity. The supports consist of a thin zeolite silicalite layer coated on {alpha}-Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} tubes of mean pore size 1 {micro}m. The zeolite layer is grown by reaction in a suitable silicate solution at 95 C. After two or three reaction periods a layer of silicalite crystals about 20 {micro}m thick grows inside the pores of alumina. In addition to the zeolitic pores, this layer contains voids of a few nanometer diameter that remain between the crystals or between the crystals and the pore walls. The quality of the silicalite/alumina composites was evaluated by gas permeation measurements and by nitrogen adsorption and it was found that the residual voids were below 5 nm in diameter. Three techniques were investigated for chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of the silica layer on the silicalite/alumina composite support. The first was TEOS pyrolysis at approximately one millibar partial pressure and 650 C. After 8 h reaction the fluxes of hydrogen and nitrogen at ambient temperature had declined by a factor of approximately 100 indicating sealing of defects and zeolitic pores alike. The second CVD technique investigated was SiCl{sub 4} hydrolysis at 90 C. Deposition in this case was conducted in a series of cycles, each cycle comprising two half reactions, i.e. exposure to SiCl{sub 4} followed by exposure to water vapor. The deposition was interrupted every five cycles to measure the permeation properties of the nascent membrane at 120 C. After a few cycles the membrane pores were sealed, but the silica layer was not thermally stable when the temperature was raised to 400 C. In the third technique investigated, silica deposition was carried out by SiCl{sub 4} hydrolysis at 400 C, again in a sequence of half reaction cycles. After 15 cycles the membrane pores were well sealed by a layer stable to at least 400 C.
The lncRNA GHSROS mediates tumour growth and expression of genes associated (2017)

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play key regulatory roles in cancer progression and are novel therapeutic targets. We recently discovered an lncRNA termed GHSROS (GHSR opposite strand) on the antisense strand of the ghrelin receptor gene (GHSR). Using quantitative RT-PCR, we demonstrated that GHSROS is highly expressed in a subset of high-grade prostate cancers. GHSROS over-expression significantly increased cell proliferation and migration in the PC3 (1.76 ± 0.18 fold, P<0.01; 1.54 ± 0.35 fold, P<0.05) and DU145 prostate cancer cell lines (1.74 fold ± 0.73 P<0.01; 1.94 ± 0.43 fold, P<0.01). Tumour volumes were significantly increased in both PC3 and DU145 GHSROS over-expressing prostate cancer cell line xenografts in NOD/SCID mice (P<0.05). Preliminary studies indicate that up-regulation of GHSROS confers resistance to the androgen receptor (AR) antagonist enzalutamide and the chemotherapeutic drug docetaxel, both of which are used to treat advanced prostate cancer. Through high-throughput transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) ~400 differentially expressed genes were identified in GHSROS over-expressing PC3 cells, demonstrating enrichment of genes associated with motility, survival, and regulation of cell growth. From this gene set, concept mapping and interrogation of publicly-available clinical prostate cancer data sets revealed a 34-gene signature associated with poorer disease outcome and metastatic progression in patients. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data suggests that the signature has potential as a prognostic indicator for disease free- or overall survival for numerous cancers. Finally, locked nucleic acid antisense oligonucleotide (LNA-ASO) inhibition of endogenous GHSROS expression reciprocally regulated cell growth (RNV124: -1.14 ± 0.06, P = 0.049 and RNV104L: -1.18 ± 0.05, P = 0.030), migration (RNV124: -1.96 ± 0.11, P = 0.004) and gene expression changes. Taken together, we therefore propose that GHSROS has clinical significance as a potential target for novel antisense therapy.
Interactions of the peripheral subunit‐binding domain of the dihydrolipoyl acetyltransferase component in the assembly of the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex of <i>Bacillus stearothermophilus</i> (2003)

The enzymes pyruvate decarboxylase (E1) and dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase (E3) bind tightly but in a mutually exclusive manner to the peripheral subunit-binding domain (PSBD) of dihydrolipoyl acetyltransferase in the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex of Bacillus stearothermophilus. The use of directed mutagenesis, surface plasmon resonance detection and isothermal titration microcalorimetry revealed that several positively charged residues of the PSBD, most notably Arg135, play an important part in the interaction with both E1 and E3, whereas Met131 makes a significant contribution to the binding of E1 only. This indicates that the binding sites for E1 and E3 on the PSBD are overlapping but probably significantly different, and that additional hydrophobic interactions may be involved in binding E1 compared with E3. Arg135 of the PSBD was also replaced with cysteine (R135C), which was then modified chemically by alkylation with increasingly large aliphatic groups (R135C -methyl, -ethyl, -propyl and -butyl). The pattern of changes in the values of DeltaG degrees, DeltaH degrees and TDeltaS degrees that were found to accompany the interaction with the variant PSBDs differed between E1 and E3 despite the similarities in the free energies of their binding to the wild-type. The importance of a positive charge on the side-chain at position 135 for the interaction of the PSBD with E3 and E1 was apparent, although lysine was found to be an imperfect substitute for arginine. The results offer further evidence of entropy-enthalpy compensation ('thermodynamic homeostasis') - a feature of systems involving a multiplicity of weak interactions.
Urokinase‐type plasminogen activator and its inhibitor secreted by cultured human monocyte‐macrophages (1985)

Human blood monocytes in culture differentiate to macrophagelike cells within 1 week. Coinciding with this morphological transition the cells started releasing increasing amounts of the serine proteinase plasminogen activator (PA; Mr 56,000) of the urokinase (u-PA) type and the proteinase inhibitor alpha-2-macroglobulin (alpha 2M). Unlike the cell-associated PA activity, which was also readily detected in fresh monocytes, the activity secreted into the serum-free culture medium could be measured only after treatment of the samples with sodium dodecyl sulphate. Heat or acid treatment of the medium was not sufficient to reveal the PA activity, suggesting that, apart from alpha 2M, another PA-inhibiting substance was present in the culture medium. The inhibitor (Mr 65,000) was found to be synthesized by macrophages and specifically inhibited u-PA activity but not tissue-type PA (t-PA) or plasmin activity. Dexamethasone decreased the secretion of PA by differentiated macrophages without affecting the production of alpha 2M or the PA inhibitor. Dexamethasone also inhibited the morphological differentiation of the cells when added to the monocyte-phase cells.
Why the phosphotransferase system of Escherichia coli escapes the diffusion limitation of signal transduction, transport and metabolism that confronts mammalian cells (2002)

ABSTRACT We calculated the implications of diffusion for the phosphoenolpyruvate:glucose phosphotransferase system (glucose-PTS) of Escherichia coli in silicon cells of various magnitudes. For a cell of bacterial size, diffusion limitation of glucose influx was negligible. Nevertheless, a significant concentration gradient for one of the enzyme species, nonphosphorylated IIA Glc, was found. This should have consequences because the phosphorylation state of IIA Glc is an important intracellular signal. For mammalian cell sizes we found significant diffusion limitation, as well as strong concentration gradients in many PTS components, and strong effects on glucose and energy signaling. We calculated that the PTS may sense both extracellular glucose and the intracellular free-energy state. We discuss i), that the effects of diffusion on cell function should prevent this highly effective bacterial system from functioning in eukaryotic cells, ii), that in the larger eukaryotic cell any similar chain of mobile group-transfer proteins can neither sustain the same volumetric flux as in bacteria nor transmit a signal far into the cell, and iii), that systems such as these may exhibit spatial differentiation in their sensitivity to different signals.
[Breast cancer and herceptin]. (2000)

HER2 is a member of tyrosine kinase growth factor receptor family. When activated, it induces an intracellular phosphorylation cascade leading to an increased protein transcription and cellular growth. HER2 is overexpressed or amplified in 20 to 30% of invasive breast cancer where it plays an important role in the natural history of the disease. It is considered a poor prognostic factor and may also play a role as a predictive factor for response to therapy (potential resistance to hormonotherapy or CMF, sensitivity to anthracycline-based therapy). On the other hand, a monoclonal antibody, targetting specifically HER2, Herceptin (trastuzumab) has been developed and has shown a survival benefit in metastatic breast cancer strongly overexpressing HER2. Herceptin is actually "incorporated" in therapeutic algorithms for metastatic breast cancer and is evaluated in adjuvant settings. For all those reasons, the tumor HER2 status should probably be "routinely" tested in order to optimize the management of breast cancer patients. Nevertheless, some points remain to be elucidated, including the optimal methods of detection of HER2 (immunohistochemistry, Fish). One of the priorities for future research is to standardize HER2 testing, in order to reduce false-positive results and false-negative results and to better identify patients who are most likely going to benefit from Herceptin.
Modulation and filtering control of soliton transmission (1992)

Two methods of controlling the temporal diffusion of solitons in long-distance transmission are investigated theoretically. One, pursued experimentally by Nakazawa et al. [ Electron. Lett.27, 1270 ( 1991)] uses amplitude modulation synchronized with the bit rate. The other method, first proposed recently, uses filtering. The latter is better adapted to wavelength division multiplexing. It is shown that the so-called Gordon-Haus limit of soliton propagation can be extended significantly.
Long-range diastereoselectivity in Ugi reactions of 2-substituted dihydrobenzoxazepines (2011)

The Ugi reaction of 2-substituted dihydrobenzoxazepines was found to proceed with unexpectedly good diastereoselectivitiy (diastereoisomeric ratios up to 9:1), despite the large distance between the pre-existing stereogenic centre and the newly generated one. This result represents the first good 1,4 asymmetric induction in an Ugi reaction as well as the first example of diastereoselective Ugi reaction of seven membered cyclic imines. It allows the diversity-oriented synthesis of various tetrahydro[f][1,4]benzoxazepines.
Development of an advanced switching system for distribution networks (1998)

This paper describes a high-speed switching system for distribution networks that was developed with the aim of improving power supply reliability (reducing the number of supply interruptions) of distribution systems. When a fault occurs in conventional distribution systems, the fault section is isolated using a sequential time-out control scheme that requires the reclosing and re-reclosing of the entire system. A major drawback of such systems is that normal sections are also subjected to unnecessary power supply interruptions. In order to resolve this problem, we have developed a high-speed switching system that isolates only the fault section without interrupting the power supply to normal sections. This new system can fully restore power to the normal sections and can completely isolate the fault section within 500 ms in the case of a ground fault. © 1998 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 125(3): 1–10, 1998
Anomalous magnetic behavior of a Pt−lat.%Fe alloy (1975)

Detailed magnetization and susceptibility measurements have been performed on an alloy of Pt−lat.%Fe, which is slightly above the percolation concentration for ferromagnetic ordering. A well defined Curie temperature was observed near 4 K. The extrapolated zero field magnetization dropped off with increasing temperature much more rapidly than predicted by conventional spin wave or molecular field theory, in common with other systems having a broad exchange field distribution.1 Above 1 K there was no detectable hysteresis. Below 1 K, however, the coercive force increased very rapidly as the temperature dropped, reaching 350 Oe at 40 mK. Both the square shape of the hysteresis loop and the temperature dependence of the coercive force are similar to those recently reported for amorphous TbFe2.2 We suggest that similar mechanisms are operative in both cases, except that in Pt‐Fe the random uniaxial anisotropy is due to dipolar forces rather than magnetocrystalline anisotropy.
Selective recognition and separation of β-lactam antibiotics using molecularly imprinted polymers (1999)

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) to penicillin V or oxacillin were prepared, and their recognition properties were investigated, both in organic and aqueous phases. The resulting MIPs proved to be efficient in distinguishing between different penicillins (penicillin V, penicillin G and oxacillin), but could also be prepared to recognise the penicillins as a group. The results indicate that MIPs can be used to prepare either selective or general recognition matrices for penicillins, which can be of potential use in separation and detection applications.
Alcoholic Hydrochloric Acid-Carmine as a Stain for Chromosomes in Squash Preparations (1963)

A regressive bulk carmine staining schedule was adapted from a formula proposed by P. Mayer. The stain is made by boiling gently 4 gm of certified carmine in 15 ml of distilled water to which 1 ml of concentrated HC1 has been added. After cooling, 95 ml of 85% alcohol is added, and the solution filtered. Fixed tissue is soaked in the stain until thoroughly penetrated; squashes are then prepared as usual, but plain 45% acetic acid is used as the temporary mounting medium instead of aceto-carmine. The advantages of this method are: intense, precise staining of chromosomes coupled with a lightly stained cytoplasm; consistency and uniformity of results; simplicity of use.
Dynamic offloading in a multi-provider environment: a behavioral framework for use in influencing peering (2004)

We pose the question of how to encourage the resource sharing in a distributed, multi-provider environment, where each node, or provider, has local work but is able to accept additional work from other nodes/providers if there is available capacity. An instance of such an environment is found in content delivery, where. numerous, competing providers can work together if enough benefit is to be gained from doing so. We model individual provider behavior as essentially selfish, and then propose pricing schemes to exploit the selfishness to achieve system wide performance gains. We employ a game theoretic framework to analyze the problem, and come up with a time-dependent, noncooperative network equilibrium model. To influence the system towards the positive end of resource sharing, we suggest the creation of a monetary unit, tokens, whose exchange encourages a more efficient use of system-wide capacity, and whose effect is regulated by the pricing scheme in place. The impact of the different node behavior, model parameters, and pricing schemes in influencing the system performance is investigated through simulation. This framework can be combined with distance and round trip time to calibrate redirection behavior of distributed server environments.
Bit-Flip Aware Control-Flow Error Detection (2015)

Recent increase of transient fault rates has made processor reliability a major concern. Moreover performance improvements are required for many of today's embedded systems. At the same time software implemented fault detection remains the only option for off-the-shelf processors. Software methods, however, introduce significant performance overheads due to the additional instructions required for the detection. A good observation is that often code segments not susceptible to faults are protected. In this paper we propose a technique for systematic analysis of the bit-flip effects on the program control-flow in order to identify only those locations susceptible to control-flow errors and hence minimize the number of fault detection assertions. We instrument the code with minimal overhead, while maintaining high fault coverage level. Our experiments show that using the result of our bit-flip analysis and limiting the code instrumentation to only the susceptible locations releases 28.9% (on average) of the memory while the level of fault coverage remains the same as with full instrumentation.
Interim Report on Thermal Cycling Model Development for Representative Unisolable Piping Configurations (MRP-81) (2002)

Thermal fatigue can lead to cracking in dead-ended branch lines attached to PWR primary coolant piping. This interim report describes the results of on-going research to provide an improved screening tool for identification of susceptible piping.