gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-Performance Light-Erasable Memory and Real-Time Ultraviolet Detector Based on Unannealed Indium–Gallium–Zinc–Oxide Thin-Film Transistor (2011)

A light-erasable memory and a real-time ultraviolet (UV) detector were developed from an amorphous indium-gallium-zinc-oxide (IGZO) thin-film transistor fabricated at room temperature without post-annealing. The natural defects within the IGZO or at the dielectric interface serve as electron traps to support a writing operation (switching down the channel conductance). A negative gate bias accompanied by UV illumination performs an erasing operation (switching up the channel conductance). After the writing/erasing of the proposed memory, an on/off ratio greater than 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sup> was maintained for a testing duration of 10 000 s. A real-time UV detector was also developed, and a light/dark ratio of roughly 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sup> was demonstrated.
The 1987 Whittier Narrows Earthquake in the Los Angeles Metropolitan Area, California (1988)

The Whittier Narrows earthquake sequence (local magnitude, M(L) = 5.9), which caused over $358-million damage, indicates that assessments of earthquake hazards in the Los Angeles metropolitan area may be underestimated. The sequence ruptured a previously unidentified thrust fault that may be part of a large system of thrust faults that extends across the entire east-west length of the northern margin of the Los Angeles basin. Peak horizontal accelerations from the main shock, which were measured at ground level and in structures, were as high as 0.6g (where g is the acceleration of gravity at sea level) within 50 kilometers of the epicenter. The distribution of the modified Mercalli intensity VII reflects a broad north-south elongated zone of damage that is approximately centered on the main shock epicenter.
Problems with IO to all other IOs ESD stress test: Two case studies (2005)

We report an unusual ESD failure when testing according to the recommended stress combination of IO to all other IO pins. In two independent product cases we observed devices failing for this test while the same devices pass when tested for all possible IO pin to IO pin combinations. These results strongly suggest a revision of this test methodology.
Experience of nasal application of inactivated influenza vaccine. (1976)

The present experiment shows the efficacity of the sesame-oil adjuvant influenza vaccine. The plain inactivated vaccine merely shows a tendency towards effectiveness and only in a field study was a statistically significant effectiveness observed. We had hitherto made such a field experiment in which the plain inactivated influenza vaccine showed much more effective values. It is not clear that in the present experiment such a result was obtained. The efficacy of intranasal application of inactivated influenza vaccine seemed to be fairly good and appeared quite soon after spraying, although its effect lasted no more than one month.
Recommendations for rheological testing and modelling of DWPF melter feed slurries (1994)

The melter feed in the DWPF process is a non-Newtonian slurry. In the melter feed system and the sampling system, this slurry is pumped at a wide range of flow rates through pipes of various diameters. Both laminar and turbulent flows are encountered. Good rheology models of the melter feed slurries are necessary for useful hydraulic models of the melter feed and sampling systems. A concentric cylinder viscometer is presently used to characterize the stress/strain rate behavior of the melter feed slurries, and provide the data for developing rheology models of the fluids. The slurries exhibit yield stresses, and they are therefore modelled as Bingham plastics. The ranges of strain rates covered by the viscometer tests fall far short of the entire laminar flow range, and therefore hydraulic modelling applications of the present rheology models frequently require considerable extrapolation beyond the range of the data base. Since the rheology models are empirical, this cannot be done with confidence in the validity of the results. Axial pressure drop versus flow rate measurements in a straight pipe can easily fill in the rest of the laminar flow range with stress/strain rate data. The two types of viscometer tests would be complementary, with the concentric cylinder viscometer providing accurate data at low strain rates, near the yield point if one exists, and pipe flow tests providing data at high strain rates up to and including the transition to turbulence. With data that covers the laminar flow range, useful rheological models can be developed. In the Bingham plastic model, linear behavior of the shear stress as a function of the strain rate is assumed once the yield stress is exceeded. Both shear thinning and shear thickening behavior have been observed in viscometer tests. Bingham plastic models cannot handle this non-linear behavior, but a slightly more complicated yield/power law model can.
A pivoting algorithm for convex hulls and vertex enumeration of arrangements and polyhedra (1991)

We present a new pivot-based algorithm which can be used with minor modification for the enumeration of the facets of the convex hull of a set of points, or for the enumeration of the vertices of an arrartgement or of a convex polyhedron, in arbitrary dimension. The algorithm has the following properties: (a) No additional storage is required beyond the input dam, (b) The output list produced is frw of duplicates; (c) The algorithm is extremely simple, requires no data structures, and handles all degenerate cases; (d) The running time is output sensitive for nondegenerate inputs; (e) The algorithm is easy to efficiently paraIIeIize. For example, the algorithm finds the v vertices of a polyhedron in R d defined by a non-degenerate system of n inequalities (or dually, the v facets of the convex hull of n points in R ~, where each facet contains exactly d given points) in time O (ndv ) and O (rid) space. The v vertices in a simple arrangement of n hyperplanes in R d can be found in O (n2dv ) time and O (rid) space complexity. The algorithm is based on inverting finite pivot algorithms for linear programming.
A user-controlled synchronization method (1973)

In any system that allows the sharing of facilities between independently-running processes, it is occasionally necessary to 'synchronize' references to shared facilities. A method is presented here that enables any set of processes to achieve such synchronization without any aid from the executive system or special hardware. Only normal load and store operations on two arrays of shared data are required. No overhead is required for unsynchronized operations. And dead-locks are avoided, since it is never necessary to 'block' a process.This method can be viewed as a generalization of Dijkstra's example [D3], though the connection may not be obvious at first glance.
Evaluation of dysuria in adults. (2002)

Dysuria, defined as pain, burning, or discomfort on urination, is more common in women than in men. Although urinary tract infection is the most frequent cause of dysuria, empiric treatment with antibiotics is not always appropriate. Dysuria occurs more often in younger women, probably because of their greater frequency of sexual activity. Older men are more likely to have dysuria because of an increased incidence of prostatic hyperplasia with accompanying inflammation and infection. A comprehensive history and physical examination can often reveal the cause of dysuria. Urinalysis may not be needed in healthier patients who have uncomplicated medical histories and symptoms. In most patients, however, urinalysis can help to determine the presence of infection and confirm a suspected diagnosis. Urine cultures and both urethral and vaginal smears and cultures can help to identify sites of infection and causative agents. Coliform organisms, notably Escherichia coli, are the most common pathogens in urinary tract infection. Dysuria can also be caused by noninfectious inflammation or trauma, neoplasm, calculi, hypoestrogenism, interstitial cystitis, or psychogenic disorders. Although radiography and other forms of imaging are rarely needed, these studies may identify abnormalities in the upper urinary tract when symptoms are more complex.
Lipid mediators in immune dysfunction after severe inflammation (2013)

Sepsis, trauma, burns, and major surgical procedures activate common systemic inflammatory pathways. Nosocomial infection, organ failure, and mortality in this patient population are associated with a quantitatively different reprioritization of the circulating leukocyte transcriptome to the initial inflammatory insult, greater in both magnitude and duration, and secondary to multiple observed defects in innate and adaptive immune function. Dysregulation of inflammatory resolution processes and associated bioactive lipid mediators (LMs) mechanistically contribute to this phenotype. Recent data indicate the potential efficacy of therapeutic interventions that either reduce immunosuppressive prostaglandins (PGs) or increase specialized proresolving LMs. Here, we reassess the potential for pharmacological manipulation of these LMs as therapeutic approaches for the treatment of critical illness (CI).
Identification of the testis c-mos promoter: specific activity in a seminiferous tubule-derived extract and binding of a testis-specific nuclear factor. (1992)

The c-mos proto-oncogene is predominantly expressed in male and female germ cells and is involved in the regulation of meiosis. To investigate the mechanism of testis-specific regulation of c-mos transcription, I set out to identify the rat testis c-mos promoter. This was achieved by characterization of the rat testis c-mos transcription start site by primer extension and sequence analysis of cDNAs obtained by polymerase chain reaction amplification of 5' ends of c-mos RNA. The rat testis c-mos transcription start site is located 0.56 kb upstream of the coding region. A fragment containing the rat testis c-mos promoter directs transcription in a nuclear extract derived from rat seminiferous tubules, but not in a liver nuclear extract. DNAase I footprint analysis and gel-retardation assays showed binding of a novel testis-specific nuclear factor to the rat testis c-mos promoter at a site homologous to the testis-specific cis-acting element identified in the promoter of the RT7 gene, which is specifically expressed in haploid male germ cells.
Advantages of outpatient breast surgery. (1994)

This article outlines surgical, financial, and psychosocial advantages of outpatient, definitive breast cancer surgery. The analysis of 118 patients who underwent outpatient breast cancer surgery between January 1991 and December 1993--20 modified radical mastectomy, 90 lumpectomy and axillary dissection or axillary dissection alone, and 8 partial or simple mastectomy--revealed only three patients with minor complications requiring admission. Same-day discharge was safely accomplished by early morning admission and using recovery room time for postoperative education. Outpatient cost was $1572 compared with an average 3-day inpatient cost of $6282, for a potential savings of $4710, or 75%, per patient for modified radical mastectomy. Outpatient cost was $1080 compared with an average 2-day inpatient cost of $4907, for a potential savings of $3827, or 78%, per patient for lumpectomy with axillary node dissection. Patients have indicated a high level of satisfaction with ambulatory surgery and experienced faster healing and recovery at home within the family milieu.
Cultured epidermal allografts as biological wound dressings. (1991)

Recent advances in cell culture technology permit the generation of large stratified epithelial sheets appropriate for wound coverage. Autografts (sheets prepared from the patient's own skin) have proven life-saving in the treatment of large third-degree burns and have been successfully employed in the management of chronic ulcers. Allografts (sheets prepared from the skin of an unrelated donor) have also been used. In our experience, cultured allografts derived from neonatal foreskin provide a potent stimulus to healing in a variety of partial thickness wounds. Their application is a simple outpatient procedure which involves no discomfort for the patient. In contrast to autografting, no biopsy is necessary and use of cultured allogenic cells permits immediate grafts availability and possibility of stockpiling and preserving grafts for future use. Preparation of epithelial sheets suitable for grafting is also faster and easier with newborn than with adult donor cells. Newborn allografts have caused rapid healing of most previously refractory ulcers with long-term results comparable to those obtained with conventional split thickness grafting. We postulate that cultured allografts act by providing a temporary wound covering while releasing multiple cytokines that synergistically promote permanent reepitheliazation by previously quiescent host keratinocytes then stimulated to divide and migrate. Whether allografts are immunologically rejected in a clinically undetectable reaction or simply replaced stochastically by host keratinocytes is presently unknown.
Car as a moving meteorological integrated sensor (2017)

Nowadays, common cars are equipped with set of sensors, systems and technologies commonly used to improve car and passengers' safety and comfort. These cars are often referred to with the innovative conception of “car as a sensor”. A car can be also thought as a moving integrated weather sensor since it can provide meteorological information along specific tracks, exploiting all the information acquired by the installed sensors processed by specific ad-hoc software and technologies. The paper will present an analysis of the sensor installed on car with a panoramic of the software and technologies that can be used to use the car as integrated moving sensor for meteorological purposes, including also some communications techniques. The descriptions of some activities are presented, some technical points are addressed and some examples of applications are reported.
Description of DASSL: a differential/algebraic system solver (1982)

This paper describes a new code DASSL, for the numerical solution of implicit systems of differential/algebraic equations. These equations are written in the form F(t,y,y') = 0, and they can include systems which are substantially more complex than standard form ODE systems y' = f(t,y). Differential/algebraic equations occur in several diverse applications in the physical world. We outline the algorithms and strategies used in DASSL, and explain some of the features of the code. In addition, we outline briefly what needs to be done to solve a problem using DASSL.
Loss and sensitivity of the Lange coupler (1978)

Losses associated with the interdigitated conductor structure of the Lange coupler are examined, leading to a modified conductor geometry which exhibits a reduction of up to 10% in loss. Perhaps more importantly, a sensitivity analysis shows this modified geometry to be much less susceptible to manufacturing tolerances.
SRC-1 and GRIP1 Coactivate Transcription with Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4 (1998)

Hepatocyte nuclear factor-4 (HNF4), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, plays an important role in tissue-specific gene expression, including genes involved in hepatic glucose metabolism. In this study, we show that SRC-1 and GRIP1, which act as coactivators for various nuclear receptors, associate with HNF4 in vivo and enhance its transactivation potential. The AF-2 domain of HNF4 is required for this interaction and for the potentiation of transcriptional activity by these coactivators. p300 can also serve as a coactivator with HNF4, and it synergizes with SRC-1 to further augment the activity of HNF4. HNF4 is also a key regulator of the expression of hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 (HNF1). The overexpression of SRC-1 or GRIP1 enhances expression from a HNF1 gene promoter-reporter in HepG2 hepatoma cells, and this requires an intact HNF4-binding site in the HNF1 gene promoter. Type 1 maturity onset diabetes of young (MODY), which is characterized by abnormal glucose-mediated insulin secretion, is caused by mutations of the HNF4 gene. A mutation of the HNF4-binding site in the HNF1 gene promoter has also been associated with MODY. Thus, HNF4 is involved in the regulation of glucose homeostasis at several levels and along with the SRC-1, GRIP1, and p300 may play an important role in the pathophysiology of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
LIV.—The cyanine dyes. Part IV. Cyanine dyes of the benzothiazole series (1922)

W. H. Mills, J. Chem. Soc., Trans., 1922, 121, 455 DOI: 10.1039/CT9222100455
Comparative study of the concentration of salivary and blood glucose in type 2 diabetic patients (2010)

The objective of the present study was to comparatively evaluate the concentrations of blood and salivary glucose as well as salivary flow and xerostomia in type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic patients. The mean salivary glucose level in diabetic patients was 14.03 +/-16.76 mg/dl and 6.35 +/- 6.02 mg/dl (P = 0.036) in the control group. The mean capillary blood glucose level in diabetic patients was 213 +/- 88 mg/dl, while that in non-diabetic patients was 99 +/- 14 mg/dl (P = 0.000). The mean value for resting salivary flow was 0.21 +/- 0.16 ml/min in diabetic patients and 0.33 +/- 0.20 ml/min in the control group (P = 0.002). The stimulated salivary flow was lower in the group of diabetic patients, with a mean of 0.63 +/- 0.43 ml/min, whereas the control group showed a mean of 1.20 +/- 0.70 ml/min (P = 0.000). Of the diabetic patients, 45% exhibited hyposalivation, in contrast to 2.5% of the non-diabetic patients (P = 0.000). Xerostomia was reported in 12.5% of diabetic patients and 5% of non-diabetic patients (P = 0.23). We can conclude that salivary glucose concentration was significantly higher in the experimental group and that there was no correlation between salivary and blood glucose concentrations in diabetic patients. The total salivary flow was significantly reduced in diabetic patients and there was no significant difference as to the presence of xerostomia in both groups.
Dynamic video narratives (2010)

This paper presents a system for generating dynamic narratives from videos. These narratives are characterized for being compact, coherent and interactive, as inspired by principles of sequential art. Narratives depict the motion of one or several actors over time. Creating compact narratives is challenging as it is desired to combine the video frames in a way that reuses redundant backgrounds and depicts the stages of a motion. In addition, previous approaches focus on the generation of static summaries and can afford expensive image composition techniques. A dynamic narrative, on the other hand, must be played and skimmed in real-time, which imposes certain cost limitations in the video processing. In this paper, we define a novel process to compose foreground and background regions of video frames in a single interactive image using a series of spatio-temporal masks. These masks are created to improve the output of automatic video processing techniques such as image stitching and foreground segmentation. Unlike hand-drawn narratives, often limited to static representations, the proposed system allows users to explore the narrative dynamically and produce different representations of motion. We have built an authoring system that incorporates these methods and demonstrated successful results on a number of video clips. The authoring system can be used to create interactive posters of video clips, browse video in a compact manner or highlight a motion sequence in a movie.
IP unicast/multicast operation over STANAG 5066 (2002)

NC3A (NATO Consultation, Command and Control Agency) has implemented an IP client for STANAG 5066 high frequency (HF) subnetwork servers, supporting unicast and multicast IP operations in an HF wireless WAN using NATO's "Profile for HF Radio Data Communications", STANAG 5066. The IP client uses the character-based Ethernet device 'TUN/TAP' to interface to the IP protocol stack in the Linux operating system. A socket-based interface between client and subnetwork is used with an IANA-registered port number. Existing code was reused from previous work at NC3A that implemented a PPP (point-to-point protocol) client for unicast IP operation. Unicast IP packets are mapped onto the ARQ service mode in STANAG 5066 Multicast IP packets are mapped onto the non-ARQ service modes with group addressing. Both IP addressing modes are multiplexed within the STANAG 5066 subnetwork and are dynamically supportable. Performance issues for TCP over low-speed/high-latency links and the usability of LAN/WAN oriented routing and QoS protocols on HF radio are also discussed. This work is being pursued to integrate modern HF protocols and waveforms into the future NATO wireless WAN for deployed forces.
Assessment of women's associations groups in the mining and petroleum project impact areas of Papua New Guinea (2006)

This study was sponsored by World Bank to review the women's associations and groups existing in the mining and petroleum project areas of Papua New Guinea. The purpose of the review was to identify possible capacity building needs of the associations and propose possible interventions and initiatives to improve the socio-economic opportunities for women in the target areas; as well as mechanisms to provide a stronger voice and role in community decision making. The review of the women associations was carried out by three national consultants who visited eleven project sites comprising a total of twenty-two women associations and groups. 'The consultants were assigned to a specific project site each for data collection. Data was collected by interviewing the executive committee members and other key stakeholders using a questionnaire as the main data collection instrument. Data analysis was conducted by each consultant in order to prepare the individual site reports. From their respective site reports the consultants prepared their respective sites combined findings and recommendations that was presented at a workshop organized for this purpose.
Anaerobic Degradation of Flavonoids by <i>Clostridium orbiscindens</i> (2003)

An anaerobic, quercetin-degrading bacterium was isolated from human feces and identified as Clostridium orbiscindens by comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The organism was tested for its ability to transform several flavonoids. The isolated C. orbiscindens strain converted quercetin and taxifolin to 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid; luteolin and eriodictyol to 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propionic acid; and apigenin, naringenin, and phloretin to 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid, respectively. Genistein and daidzein were not utilized. The glycosidic bonds of luteolin-3-glucoside, luteolin-5-glucoside, naringenin-7-neohesperidoside (naringin), quercetin-3-glucoside, quercetin-3-rutinoside (rutin), and phloretin-2'-glucoside were not cleaved. Based on the intermediates and products detected, pathways for the degradation of the flavonol quercetin and the flavones apigenin and luteolin are proposed. To investigate the numerical importance of C. orbiscindens in the human intestinal tract, a species-specific oligonucleotide probe was designed and tested for its specificity. Application of the probe to fecal samples from 10 human subjects proved the presence of C. orbiscindens in 8 out of the 10 samples tested. The numbers ranged from 1.87 x 10(8) to 2.50 x 10(9) cells g of fecal dry mass(-1), corresponding to a mean count of 4.40 x 10(8) cells g of dry feces(-1).