gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Blade-row Flow Distributions in Axial-flow-compressor Stage Consisting of Guide Vanes and Rotor-blade Row (1950)

"A 30-inch tip-diameter axial-flow compressor stage was investigated with and without rotor to determine individual blade-row performance, interblade-row effects, and outer-wall boundary-layer conditions. Velocity gradients at guide-vane outlet without rotor approximated design assumptions, when the measured variation of leaving angle was considered. With rotor in operation, Mach number and rotor-blade effects changed flow distribution leaving guide vanes and invalidated design assumption of radial equilibrium" (p. 1).
GPU-based rectification of high-resolution remote sensing stereo images (2014)

One of the major challenges in the topographic mapping and fast generation of digital terrain or surface models from stereo optical aerial or satellite imagery is the stereo rectification preprocessing step. The general case is the use of extrinsic and intrinsic parameters from each calibrated camera, in order to establish epipolar geometry. Stereo rectification consists of geometric transformation and image sub-pixel resampling. Such a task is computationally demanding when dealing with high-resolution optical imagery. This presents an increasingly evident problem as the remote sensing technologies are becoming more accurate, causing even higher computational demands. This paper proposes a novel method for fast rectification of stereo images pairs to epipolar geometry by using General Purpose computing on Graphics Processing Units (GPGPU). The method is capable of resampling large high-resolution imagery on-the-fly, due to efficient out-of-core processing. In the experiments a runtime comparison was made between the proposed GPU-based and multi-core CPU methods over a dataset consisting of 420 stereo aerial images, where the proposed method achieved a significant speedup.
Neuropeptides and the Immune System: Focus on Dendritic Cells (2001)

Neuropeptides are small, biologically active peptides derived from the central and peripheral nervous system. It is increasingly clear that besides their function as neurotransmitters, these peptides have an influence on almost all body functions including the immune system. Since dendritic cells are the most efficient antigen-presenting cells that stimulate naive T cells, thus promoting adaptive immunity, it is not surprising that interactions between neuropeptides and dendritic cells take place. The current review addresses several aspects of dendritic cell-related neuroimmunology and focuses on the role of neuropeptides as immunomodulators. Moreover, we present a novel concept of neuropeptide-mediated regulation of dendritic cell migration. The importance of chemokines in immunity is generally accepted. It may be that not enough attention has been paid to the possible role of nervous system-derived peptides in regulating immune reactions.
Information security baselines (1995)

Describes a set of “baseline” threats and presents the reasoning behind the “baseline” security approach. Discusses an example of the acceptance of the security baseline approach and suggests the way in which it can be used. Describes the advantages and disadvantages of the approach and concludes that a baseline approach is worthy of consideration as a way forward.
Severe hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in a melanoma patient treated with ipilimumab + nivolumab (2018)

The hemophagocytic syndromes are attributable to dysregulated immune activation and share pathophysiologic mechanisms with immune activation from checkpoint inhibitors. Increasing use of regimens that include immune checkpoint inhibition require vigilant monitoring for immune-activating side effects as they can occasionally be life threatening, as in this case of HLH.
Mode of oocyte maturation affects EGF-like peptide function and oocyte competence (2013)

The function and impact of epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like peptide signalling during ovulation and in vivo oocyte maturation (IVV) has been recently characterized, however, little is currently known about the effect of oocyte in vitro maturation (IVM) on this pathway. The aim of this study was to examine expression and functional aspects of three EGF-like peptides (amphiregulin, epiregulin and betacellulin) and their common receptor (EGFR) in cumulus cells during mouse oocyte IVM compared with IVV. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were collected from prepubertal mice either 46 h post-eCG (IVM) or 46 h post-eCG plus 0.5-12 h post-hCG (IVV). Time course experiments showed mRNA expression of all three EGF-like peptides and amphiregulin protein in IVM media were significantly lower for the majority of FSH-supplemented IVM compared with IVV. The supplementation of EGF during IVM yielded EGF-like peptide expression levels comparable with IVV and amphiregulin/epiregulin supplemented IVM. However, despite this, EGF activation of the COC EGFR remained significantly lower at 3 and 6 h of IVM than in vivo, and levels were similar to those observed during FSH-supplemented IVM. The addition of exogenous epiregulin during IVM significantly increased blastocyst rates, and epiregulin and amphiregulin improved blastocyst quality, compared with FSH or EGF. In conclusion, findings from this study suggest that the widely used IVM additives, FSH and EGF, are inadequate propagators of the essential EGF-like peptide signalling cascade. In contrast, the use of epiregulin and/or amphiregulin during IVM leads to improved oocyte developmental competence and therefore may be preferable IVM additives than FSH or EGF.
Baseline Popping Detection and Correction Algorithms for Perpendicular Magnetic Recording System (2014)

Hard disk drives (HDDs) employ the magneto-resistive (MR) head to sense the change in magnetic flux via the transitions of magnetization pattern, resulting in a readback signal. Thus, head instability plays an important role on the reliability of HDDs because it can deteriorate the system performance considerably. Baseline popping (BLP) is one of the crucial problems caused by the head instability, whose effect can distort the readback signal to the extent of causing a sector read failure. This paper proposes three BLP detection and correction algorithms for a perpendicular magnetic recording (PMR) system. Specifically, to suppress the BLP effect experienced in the readback signal, the first algorithm is based on an averaging filter and a threshold detector; the second one relies on the estimated BLP signal obtained from a linear curve fitting technique; and finally the third one uses two sequence detectors running in parallel. Experimental results indicate that the third algorithm performs better than the other schemes because it can detect and correct the BLP better than the others, especially when the peak BLP amplitude is large.
Biological Cloning of Functionally Diverse Quasispecies of HIV-1 (1993)

Twenty putative clones of HIV-1, derived by biological cloning from two different individuals, were characterized in vitro for functional activity and genotypic diversity. Many of the biological clones isolated by this method were genetically distinct, and could be further distinguished by differences in replication kinetics, host cell range, and/or cytopathicity. Our findings indicate that biological cloning by limiting dilution cultures is an effective method for isolating replication-competent, functionally diverse quasispecies of HIV-1.
ChemInform Abstract: HIGH‐CONDUCTIVITY SOLID ELECTROLYTES, TROPYLLIUM JODIDE‐SILBER JODIDE SYSTEM (1975)

Abstract Im Rahmen der Untersuchungen von Leitfähigkeiten im AgJ‐System werden die Dichten und spezifischen Leitfähigkeiten mit Tropylliumjodid, einem stabilen Carboniumionsystem, bestimmt und diskutiert.
The RNA component of telomerase as a marker of biologic potential and clinical outcome in childhood neuroblastic tumors (1999)

BACKGROUND Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme associated with cellular immortality that may be useful in determining the biologic potential of a tumor. Neuroblastoma (NB), ganglioneuroblastoma (GNB), and ganglioneuroma (GN) are neuroblastic tumors (NTs) that exhibit a spectrum of histologic features and are often associated with unpredictable behavior and clinical outcome. METHODS The authors investigated the expression of the RNA component of human telomerase (hTR) by in situ hybridization in 32 cases of NTs (including 24 NBs, 4 GNBs, and 4 GNs), using [35S]-UTP labeled single stranded sense and antisense RNA probes. Eight NBs were early stage, 12 NBs were advanced stage, and 4 NBs were Stage IVS, a widely metastatic variant associated with an excellent clinical prognosis. Four NBs had N-myc amplification. In addition, the authors compared a proliferation marker, MIB-1, with hTR expression in a subset of tumors. RESULTS Thirty of 32 NTs expressed hTR, with expression varying from weak (1+) to intense (4+). Most advanced stage NBs (9 of 12) and only 2 of 8 early stage NBs had moderate to intense (2 to 4+) expression of hTR. The remaining early stage tumors (6 of 8) and 3 of 12 advanced stage NBs had absent or weak expression of hTR (0 to 1+). There was no disease progression in any of the patients with absent or weak expression of hTR. In contrast, 8 tumors (from 7 patients) with moderate to intense expression of hTR in the tumor sections had adverse clinical outcomes, including recurrence, persistent disease, or death. hTR expression in all the Stage IVS tumors was weak, despite the fact that the patients had widely metastatic disease at presentation. The mean hTR score of 3.1 for NBs associated with an adverse outcome (n = 8) was significantly different from the mean hTR score of 1.3 for NBs associated with a favorable outcome (n = 16), P < 0.001. hTR expression in the GNB/GNs was limited to the ganglion cells only; Schwann cells were negative for hTR expression. Stage IVS tumors, which are associated with an excellent outcome, had high MIB-1 but weak hTR expression, indicating that the latter may be a better discriminator of true biologic potential and that hTR levels do not always correlate with cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS Increased hTR expression may reflect the potential for aggressive behavior within the spectrum of NTs; conversely, down-regulation of hTR may be useful in identifying subsets with limited capacity for progression and a favorable prognosis. Cancer 1999;85:741–9. © 1999 American Cancer Society.
Near Surface Effects on the Flagellar Propulsion of Soft Robotic Sperms (2018)

In this work, we investigate the near surface effects on the flagellar propulsion of externally actuated soft robotic sperms. A group of 250-μm-long robotic sperms are fabricated using electrospinning, and the influence of a nearby wall on their flagellar propulsion is modeled and characterized inside a fluidic chip with channels of varying width. Our experimental results show that the swimming speed of the robotic sperm decreases by a factor of 2 when its distance to a nearby surface is decreased by 50%, at frequency and precision angle of 5 Hz and 15°, respectively. We also show that the reduction in swimming speed can be mitigated by adapting the beating frequency and the precision angle of the tail and head of the robotic sperm during flagellar propulsion. We also demonstrate point-to-point closed-loop control along a reference trajectory inside a channel of varying width and achieve maximum steady-state error of 5.6 μm.
Recognition of Emotions Conveyed by Touch Through Force-Sensitive Screens: Observational Study of Humans and Machine Learning Techniques (2018)

Emotions modulate our touches on force-sensitive screens, and humans have a natural ability to recognize other people's emotions by watching prerecorded videos of their expressive touches. Machines can learn the same emotion recognition ability and do better than humans if they are allowed to continue learning on new data. It is possible to enable force-sensitive screens to recognize users' emotions and share this emotional insight with users, increasing users' emotional awareness and allowing researchers to design better technologies for well-being.
Effekte von Irbesartan auf pulmonale und systemische Emphysem-Manifestationen im Mausmodell (2010)

Einleitung: Durch die repetitive intratracheale Applikation von Pancreas-Elastase lässt sich im Mausmodell ein homogenes Lungenemphysem induzieren. In dieser Studie wurde der Effekt einer AT1-Rezeptorblockade auf pulmonale und systemische Emphysem-Manifestationen in diesem Modell untersucht.
Observation of the Fe spin spiral structure in Fe/Sm-Co exchange-spring bilayers by Mössbauer spectroscopy (2003)

The in-plane Fe spin spiral structure for $\mathrm{F}\mathrm{e}/\mathrm{S}\mathrm{m}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{C}\mathrm{o}(11\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{}00)$ exchange-spring magnetic bilayers was investigated by ${}^{57}\mathrm{Fe}$ conversion electron M\"ossbauer spectroscopy during the magnetization reversal process, and correlated with hysteresis loops measured via the longitudinal magneto-optic Kerr effect. A direct experimental proof for a relaxed spiral angular spin distribution in the Fe layer is presented. Under negative applied fields the interfacial Fe spins rotate by up to $40\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$ with respect to the easy axis of the Sm-Co hard-magnet layer.
Glutathione conjugation of trichloroethylene in rats and mice: sex-, species-, and tissue-dependent differences. (1998)

Glutathione (GSH) conjugation of trichloroethylene (Tri) to form S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)glutathione (DCVG) has been implicated in the nephrotoxicity and nephrocarcinogenicity of Tri. Marked sex- and species-dependent differences exist, however, in the susceptibility to Tri-induced renal toxicity, with the male rat being the most susceptible. The present study, therefore, focuses on potential differences in the initial step of the GSH pathway. Rates of DCVG formation were measured in suspensions of isolated renal cortical cells and isolated hepatocytes from male and female Fischer 344 rats and in kidney and liver microsomes and cytosol from male and female Fischer 344 rats and B6C3F1 mice to determine if sex- and species-dependent differences in GSH conjugation correlate with susceptibility to renal toxicity from Tri. Rates of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) with gamma-glutamyl-p-nitroanilide and glycylglycine as substrates and GSH S-transferase (GST) with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene as substrate were also measured in liver and kidney subcellular fractions to provide further information on the biochemical basis of susceptibility to Tri. Rates of DCVG formation in rat kidney cells and kidney subcellular fractions were 5- to 20-fold lower than those in rat hepatocytes and liver subcellular fractions. Rates of DCVG formation in kidney cells and subcellular fractions were comparable in male and female rats with the exception of male rat kidney microsomes, where DCVG formation was below the limit of detection, and those in liver cells and subcellular fractions were >3-fold higher in male rats than in female rats. Rates of DCVG formation in mouse kidney subcellular fractions were approximately 10-fold higher than in corresponding fractions from the rat, whereas those in mouse liver subcellular fractions were 4- to 8-fold higher than in corresponding rat tissues, with rates in male mouse liver cytosol and microsomes being modestly higher than in corresponding fractions from female mice. GGT activity was barely detectable in livers, was about 20-fold higher in rat kidneys than in mouse kidneys, and was slightly higher in female rat kidneys than in male rat kidneys. GST activity with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene as substrate exhibited tissue-, sex-, and species-dependent patterns that were generally similar to those with Tri as the substrate. These results suggest that the higher susceptibility to Tri-induced renal toxicity of male rats as compared with female rats correlates with rates of DCVG formation. The high rates of DCVG formation in mice, however, indicate that other factors, possibly including differences in activities of cysteine conjugate beta-lyase or N-acetyltransferase, may also be important determinants of the susceptibility to Tri.
Phenotyping of canine lymphoma with monoclonal antibodies directed at cell surface antigens: Classification, morphology, clinical presentation and response to chemotherapy (1984)

Forty cases of naturally occurring canine lymphoma were studied using a panel of murine monoclonal antibodies which identify defined subsets of normal canine lymphocytes. The distribution of phenotypes was similar to that which is seen in man in that the majority (78 per cent) of canine lymphomas were of B-cell origin but a definite minority were phenotypically of T-cell (10 per cent) or non-B, non-T-cell (12 per cent) origin. The expression of Ia-like antigens was restricted to B-cell neoplasms. Within each histologic subgroup of canine lymphomas there was considerable heterogeneity of cell surface marker expression. Immunophenotype appeared to correlate with clinical presentation. Finally, the reactivity of lymphoma cells with murine monoclonal antibody DLy-6, an antibody which appears to react with a differentiation antigen on canine B and T cells, strongly predicted the outcome of initial induction chemotherapy in that all ten evaluable dogs with DLy-6-tumors achieved complete responses to initial chemotherapy while only four of 11 dogs with DLy-6+ tumors responded completely.
An Open and Reconfigurable Platform for 4G Telecommunication: Concepts and Application (2009)

Advanced telecommunication applications require more and more flexibility. Static and run-time configuration mechanisms, as well as plug-in computing units are two solutions to solve this issue. In this paper, we propose an open architecture, dedicated to complex data-flow applications, fulfilling these requirements thanks to a distributed configuration scheme and a standard interface for data flow computing units. Based on this architecture, an open platform demonstrator has been designed. Simulation results on a 3GPP/LTE application are presented, showing a reconfiguration time overhead of only 2.6%.
Ring Closure Reactions of Disubstituted 4-Penten-1-oxyl Radicals − Towards a Stereoselective Synthesis ofallo-Muscarine (2000)

The trisubstituted functionalized tetrahydrofurans 10, 11, 16, 18, and 19 were photochemically prepared from 2,3-syn- and 2,3-anti-configuredN-(3-benzoyloxy-5-hexen-2-oxy)thiazole-2(3H)-thione anti-6, pyridinethiones 7, anti-8, and BrCCl3. The formation of tetrahydrofurans was achieved by an efficient and highly regioselective alkoxyl radical cyclization (5-exo-trig). The 2,3-anti substituted intermediates 9 and 12 cyclize stereoselectively whereas a 2,3-syn-configured O-radical affords both possible diastereomeric addition products in equal amounts. The cyclized tetrahydrofuryl methyl radicals were trapped with the bromine atom donor BrCCl3 to afford the bromomethyl-substituted cyclic ethers 10, 11, 18, and 19 in excellent yields. The utility of this reaction was stressed by conversion of one of the newly prepared tetrahydrofurans in a two-step synthesis into (+)-allo-muscarine (+)-20.
Coding for the feedback Gel'fand-Pinsker channel and the feedforward Wyner-Ziv source (2005)

We consider both channel coding and source coding, with perfect past feedback/feedforward, in the presence of side information. It is first observed that feedback does not increase the capacity of the Gel'fand-Pinsker channel, nor does feedforward improve the achievable rate-distortion performance in the Wyner-Ziv problem. We then focus on the Gaussian case showing that, as in the absence of side information, feedback/feedforward allows to efficiently attain the respective performance limits. In particular, we derive schemes via variations on that of Schalkwijk and Kailath. These variants, which are as simple as their origins and require no binning, are shown to achieve, respectively, the capacity of Costa's channel, and the Wyner-Ziv rate distortion function. Finally, we consider the finite-alphabet setting and derive schemes for both the channel and the source coding problems that attain the fundamental limits, using variations on schemes of Ahlswede and Ooi and Wornell, and of Martinian and Wornell, respectively.
Fabrication of Thermoresponsive Nanoactinia Tentacles by a Single Particle Nanofabrication Technique (2015)

Nanowires that are retractable by external stimulus are the key to fabrication of nanomachines that mimick actinia tentacles in nature. A single particle nanofabrication technique (SPNT) was applied over a large area to the fabrication of retractable nanowires (nanoactinia tentacles) composed of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP), which are thermoresponsive and hydrophilic polymers. The nanowires were transformed with increasing temperature from rod-like- to globule-forms with gyration radii of ∼1.5 and ∼0.7 μm, respectively. The transformation of the nanowires was reversible and reproducible under repeated cycles of heating and cooling. The reversible transformation was driven by hydration and dehydration of PNIPAM, the thermoresponsive segments, resulting in coil-to-globule transformation of the segments. The nanoactinia tentacle systems trapped the nanoparticles as a model of living cells under thermal stimulation, and the trapping was controlled by temperature. We present herein a unique nanomachine system which can be applicable to nanoparticle filtering/sensing systems and expandable to large-area functionalization and demonstrate polymer-based nanoactuators via scaling of molecular level coil-to-globule transformation into micron-sizes.
Переналагоджуваний самоцентруючий установлювально-затискний модуль (2017)

Переналагоджуваний самоцентруючий установлювально-затискний модуль містить корпус з центральним отвором та радіально розташованими кулачками з зубцями, виконаними під кутом до напрямних Т-подібних пазів корпусу, в яких установлені кулачки з можливістю переміщення. Модуль додатково має черв'ячно-косозубе колесо, розміщене всередині корпусу на осі, встановленій в центральному отворі, з можливістю обертання навколо неї, та косозубі колеса, радіально розташовані в корпусі на окремих осях з можливістю обертання навколо них та взаємодії з зубцями кулачків і черв'ячно-косозубого колеса, при цьому має вал-черв'як, розміщений з можливістю взаємодії з черв'ячно-косозубим колесом.
In vitro assays show a dissociation of reverse transcriptase activity and core antigen (p24) production in two HIV-1 isolates from a patient receiving long-term treatment with zidovudine (ZDV). (1991)

Two HIV-1 isolates were obtained from a patient receiving long-term treatment with zidovudine (ZDV). The in vitro sensitivity to ZDV triphosphate of the reverse transcriptase (RT) from both isolates appeared to be unchanged compared to that of the LAV-Bru HIV-1 reference strain. When isolates were grown in CEM cells (a T-lymphoblastoid tumor cell line) and their RT activity and core antigen (p24) production were determined, the level of p24 production compared to RT activity was high; in infected CEM cells treated with ZDV, RT activity was at background level while the p24 production was still significant, thus indicating a dissociation of RT activity and core antigen production.