gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fabrication and Testing of Mo-Re Heat Pipes Embedded in Carbon/Carbon (1999)

Covers advancements in spacecraft and tactical and strategic missile systems, including subsystem design and application, mission design and analysis, materials and structures, developments in space sciences, space processing and manufacturing, space operations, and applications of space technologies to other fields.
Ozonolyses of 1,2-diphenyl- and 2-phenylindene (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOzonolyses of 1,2-diphenyl- and 2-phenylindeneToshiya Sugimoto, Koichi Teshima, Norinaga Nakamura, Masatomo Nojima, Shigekazu Kusabayashi, and Kevin J. McCulloughCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 1, 135–141Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00053a026https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00053a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views269Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Growing Agents - An Investigation of Architectural Mechanisms for the Specification of "Developing" Agent Architectures. (2003)

The aroA gene of Klebsiella pneumoniae encoding the shikimate pathway enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate (EPSP) synthase, which is the target of the herbicide glyphosate, was cloned and sequenced from both the wild-type and the glyphosate-resistant mutant K. pneumoniae K1, which possesses a glyphosate-insensitive EPSP synthase. Both genes were expressed in Escherichia coli and were capable of complementing an auxotrophic aroA mutation. The transformed cells showed increased tolerance to glyphosate due to the overproduction of either the mutant or the wild type EPSP synthase. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the K. pneumoniae aroA gene indicated a protein-coding region of 427 amino acids with a derived Mr for the EPSP synthase of 45,976. Comparison of the two aroA alleles showed a single base change resulting in a substitution of Gly-96 to Ala in the deduced amino acid sequence. By comparison with other known EPSP synthase sequences the mutation was shown to be located in a highly conserved region, indicating that this region is essential for the binding of the herbicide glyphosate.
Synthesis and Catalyst Issues Associated with ADMET Polymerization (2002)

Acyclic diene metathesis (ADMET) is a flexible approach for the production of diverse polymeric materials. The advent of well-defined catalysts and the simplification of laboratory techniques has made the ADMET reaction useful for many applications, such as polyolefin model studies and the synthesis of organic/inorganic hybrid polymers, telechelics, copolymers, conjugated polymers, liquid crystalline polymers, and amino acid-based chiral polymers. Many of the polymer architectures that have been produced using ADMET cannot be made by other means.
Oxygen nonstoichiometry, the defect equilibrium model and thermodynamic quantities of the Ruddlesden–Popper oxide Sr<sub>3</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7−δ</sub> (2015)

Oxygen nonstoichiometry of the Ruddlesden-Popper oxide Sr3Fe2O7-δ was measured at intermediate temperatures (773-1073 K) by coulometric titration and high temperature gravimetry. The oxygen nonstoichiometric behavior was analyzed using the defect equilibrium model with localized electrons. From the defect chemical analysis, estimated oxygen vacancy concentration at the O3 sites increases and at the O1 sites decreases with the increasing temperature. This characteristic behavior is considered to be caused by the redistribution of oxygen and vacancies between the O1 and O3 sites. The obtained thermodynamic quantities of the partial molar enthalpy of oxygen, h(O) - h°(O), and the partial molar entropy of oxygen, s(O) - s°(O), calculated from the Gibbs-Helmholtz equation are in good agreement with those from the statistical thermodynamic calculation based on the defect equilibrium model, indicating that the proposed defect equilibrium model is reasonable.
Agricultural residues, including feedlot wastes. (1976)

The kinds, quantities, and composition of residues produced by the agricultural industry of the USA are evaluated. The economics of collecting and storing these residues are discussed. Some of the potential problems of residue removal on soil productivity are also considered. (JSR)
DEXAMETHASONE INHIBITS THE INDUCTION OF iNOS GENE EXPRESSION THROUGH DESTABILIZATION OF ITS mRNA IN PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINE-STIMULATED HEPATOCYTES (2009)

In the inflamed liver, proinflammatory cytokines including TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IFN-gamma stimulate the induction of iNOS gene expression, leading to excess production of NO and resulting in liver injury. The induction of iNOS is regulated by transactivation of the iNOS promoter with transcription factors such as nuclear factor kappaB and by posttranscriptional modifications such as mRNA stabilization. The synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone has been reported to inhibit iNOS induction, which may contribute to its inflammation-reducing effects. The objective was to investigate the mechanisms involved in the down-regulation of iNOS gene expression by dexamethasone. Primary cultured rat hepatocytes were treated with IL-1beta (1 nM) in the presence or absence of dexamethasone. The induction of iNOS and its signal were analyzed. Dexamethasone (10-250 nM) inhibited the expression of iNOS mRNA and protein dose and time dependently, resulting in decreases in NO production. However, dexamethasone did not inhibit the up-regulation of type I IL-1 receptor stimulated by IL-1beta. Dexamethasone also had no effect on the degradation of IkappaB proteins and on the activation of nuclear factor kappaB. Transfection experiments with iNOS promoter-luciferase constructs revealed that dexamethasone had no effect on the transactivation of the iNOS promoter but decreased the stabilization of iNOS mRNA. In support of the latter observation, dexamethasone inhibited the expression of an iNOS gene antisense transcript, which stabilizes iNOS mRNA by interacting with its 3'-untranslated region and 3'-untranslated region-binding proteins. Dexamethasone may inhibit the induction of iNOS gene expression at the step of mRNA stabilization rather than promoter activation and may provide useful therapeutic effects in iNOS induction involved in liver injuries.
Characteristics and performance of a 1 kbit Bloch line memory prototype (1991)

The design of a Bloch line memory prototype is presented. The different basic functions are studied experimentally. Two aspects of minor loop initialization are considered: memory clearing and bias field stability. Minor loop stability margins depend on material parameters and the groove design. The propagation of line pairs as well as line clusters is studied. The maximum line displacement is 2 mu /pulse. Bit propagation depends on the fall time of the vertical field pulse. At short fall time, pinning points hamper bit propagation. Preliminary results of the input/output gate show that the basic functions such as stripe head stretching, line control, and chopping are compatible. The major loop operation, including bubble propagation and stretching, is demonstrated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Wide‐angle X‐ray scattering for swollen and glassy poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (1983)

Abstract The wide angle X‐ray scattering from glassy poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (1) is presented together with that obtained from oriented and swollen samples. The scattering is compared with that previously reported for poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and the structure discussed in relation to this polymer. The chain conformation is similar to that of PMMA, although some measure of molecular interlocking appears to reduce the main interchain peak while correlated regions of inaccessible free volume between the substantial side groups are held responsible for the main peak at s = 1,25 Å −1 .
Intertemporal Competitive Equilibrium: An Empirical Study of Speculation (1991)

In his prologue to the theory of speculation, Samuelson (1966a, p. 947 and passim) deals exclusively with the case of “foreseen changes in future supply and demand” in outlining a theory of intertemporal competitive price-quantity equilibria in markets that are subject to speculation. The analysis was considered to be a preliminary step to the more complicated cases involving uncertainty. Modern extensions of the theory (Mandelbrot, 1971; Samuelson, 1972; Schimmler, 1973) to include uncertainty have been accompanied by such vestiges of this original “perfect knowledge” model (e.g., common, well-defined expectations) as demanded, perhaps by the limitations of mathematical machinery and imagination for restructuring the theory.
Spontaneous Emergence of <i>S</i> ‐Adenosylmethionine and the Evolution of Methylation (2016)

S-Adenosylmethionine (SAM) is an essential methylation cofactor. The origins of SAM methylation are complex, seemingly demanding the simultaneous emergence of an enzyme that makes SAM and enzyme(s) that utilize it. We report that both ATP and adenosine spontaneously react with methionine to yield SAM, thus suggesting that SAM could have emerged by chance. SAM methylation thus exemplifies how metabolites and pathways can co-emerge through the gradual recruitment of individual enzymes in reverse order.
The design and control of a thermal management system for a photovoltaic reverse osmosis system (2011)

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2011.
<title>Mediterranean Cultural Directory: an informative system for cultural heritage</title> (1999)

In the framework of M.Cube Project 22266, 1996-1999, ESPRIT Program of E.U., an informative system called Mediterranean Cultural Directory - MCD, has been developed to support cultural initiatives and to promote the European Cultural Heritage. The major objective of M.Cube is the provision of services to multimedia developers and users of cultural multimedia, both directly and through inter-mediation.
Comparison of 3 Tesla proton MR spectroscopy, MR perfusion and MR diffusion for distinguishing glioma recurrence from posttreatment effects (2011)

A 3T DSC and multi-voxel MRS Cho/Cr peak-area and Cho/NAA peak-height appear to outperform DWI for distinguishing glioma recurrence from posttreatment effects. Single-voxel MRS parameters do not appear to distinguish glioma recurrence from posttreatment effects reliably, and therefore should not be used in place of multi-voxel MRS.
Is the pneumococcus the one and only in acute otitis media? (2000)

From the Infectious Disease Section, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston and the Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (DM); and the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Soroka University Medical Center, and the Faculty of Health, Ben Gurion University, Beer Sheva, Israel (RD). Accepted for publication Jan. 26, 2000. Reprints not available.
Application of the EXPERT consultation system to accelerated laboratory testing and interpretation. (1986)

The EXPERT consultation system-building tool, a knowledge-based artificial intelligence program developed at Rutgers University, has been applied to the development of a laboratory consultation system facilitating sequential laboratory testing and interpretation. Depending on the results of a basic panel of laboratory tests, the system requests that specific secondary tests be performed. Input of these secondary findings can result in requests for tertiary testing, to complete the database necessary for interpretation. Interpretation of all results is based upon final inferences from the collected findings through a series of rules, a hierarchical network that yields an efficient production system not easily obtained through conventional programming. The rules included in this model are based upon initial results for total protein, calcium, glucose, total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, thyroxin, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, and the concentrations of four drugs. Pertinent clinical history items included are jaundice, diabetes, thyroid disease, medications, and ethanol. Implementing this system in a laboratory-based accelerated testing program involving outpatients maximized the effective use of laboratory resources, eliminated useless testing, and provided the patient with low-cost laboratory information.
Dispersion compensation for an integrated optic grating coupler utilizing a transmission volume hologram (1993)

In this paper we show the analysis and experimental results of using a volume holographic grating to increase the wavelength bandwidth over which light is coupled into a thin-film optical waveguide. Partial matching of the dispersion relationships of a hologram fabricated in dichromated gelatin with a waveguide/grating coupler etched in glass, show an increase in the full-width half-maximum wavelength (FWHM) bandwidth from approximately 0.25 nm to greater than 5 nm.
Mitigation of oscillations due to changing the reference signal of the excitation system using a Posicast controller (2008)

Changing the reference signal of the excitation and AVR systems is one of the excitation control methods in controlling the terminal voltage of the generator and reactive power. In most cases the aforementioned method results in transient oscillations in the output voltage of the generator that must be damped as quickly as possible. This paper offers a Posicast controller for damping the oscillations caused by changing the reference signal of the excitation system. Extensive time domain simulations and a performance index are used to validate the performance of the proposed controller. To evaluate the robustness of the designed controller, impacts of change in the operating conditions and the use of an inaccurate model of the process in the controller design stage, on performance of the proposed controller are also investigated.
SERF: A Simple, Effective, Robust, and Fast Image Super-Resolver From Cascaded Linear Regression (2016)

Example learning-based image super-resolution techniques estimate a high-resolution image from a low-resolution input image by relying on high- and low-resolution image pairs. An important issue for these techniques is how to model the relationship between high- and low-resolution image patches: most existing complex models either generalize hard to diverse natural images or require a lot of time for model training, while simple models have limited representation capability. In this paper, we propose a simple, effective, robust, and fast (SERF) image super-resolver for image super-resolution. The proposed super-resolver is based on a series of linear least squares functions, namely, cascaded linear regression. It has few parameters to control the model and is thus able to robustly adapt to different image data sets and experimental settings. The linear least square functions lead to closed form solutions and therefore achieve computationally efficient implementations. To effectively decrease these gaps, we group image patches into clusters via k-means algorithm and learn a linear regressor for each cluster at each iteration. The cascaded learning process gradually decreases the gap of high-frequency detail between the estimated high-resolution image patch and the ground truth image patch and simultaneously obtains the linear regression parameters. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves superior performance with lower time consumption than the state-of-the-art methods.
Coryneform bacteria in human semen: inter-assay variability in species composition detection and biofilm production ability (2014)

We can conclude that a wide variety of coryneform bacteria can be found from the male genital tract, although their exact identification is problematic due to insufficient representation in databases. Nearly one third of the strains are able to form biofilm that may give them an advantage for surviving several host- and treatment-related conditions.
High Tissue Glucose Alters Intersomitic Blood Vessels in Zebrafish via Methylglyoxal Targeting the VEGF Receptor Signaling Cascade (2014)

Hyperglycemia causes micro- and macrovascular complications in diabetic patients. Elevated glucose concentrations lead to increased formation of the highly reactive dicarbonyl methylglyoxal (MG), yet the early consequences of MG for development of vascular complications in vivo are poorly understood. In this study, zebrafish were used as a model organism to analyze early vascular effects and mechanisms of MG in vivo. High tissue glucose increased MG concentrations in tg(fli:EGFP) zebrafish embryos and rapidly induced several additional malformed and uncoordinated blood vessel structures that originated out of existing intersomitic blood vessels (ISVs). However, larger blood vessels, including the dorsal aorta and common cardinal vein, were not affected. Expression silencing of MG-degrading enzyme glyoxalase (glo) 1 elevated MG concentrations and induced a similar vascular hyperbranching phenotype in zebrafish. MG enhanced phosphorylation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor 2 and its downstream target Akt/protein kinase B (PKB). Pharmacological inhibitors for VEGF receptor 2 and Akt/PKB as well as MG scavenger aminoguanidine and glo1 activation prevented MG-induced hyperbranching of ISVs. Taken together, MG acts on smaller blood vessels in zebrafish via the VEGF receptor signaling cascade, thereby describing a new mechanism that can explain vascular complications under hyperglycemia and elevated MG concentrations.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Aurora kinase A localises to mitochondria to control organelle dynamics and energy production. (2018)

Many epithelial cancers show cell cycle dysfunction tightly correlated with the overexpression of the serine/threonine kinase Aurora A (AURKA).Its role in mitotic progression has been extensively characterised, and evidence for new AURKA functions emerges.Here, we reveal that AURKA is located and imported in mitochondria in several human cancer cell lines.Mitochondrial AURKA impacts on two organelle functions: mitochondrial dynamics and energy production.When AURKA is expressed at endogenous levels during interphase, it induces mitochondrial fragmentation independently from RALA.Conversely, AURKA enhances mitochondrial fusion and ATP production when it is over-expressed.We demonstrate that AURKA directly regulates mitochondrial functions and that AURKA over-expression promotes metabolic reprogramming by increasing mitochondrial interconnectivity.Our work paves the way to anticancer therapeutics based on the simultaneous targeting of mitochondrial functions and AURKA inhibition.
Serum Concentrations of Antibiotics During Severe Invasive Surgery Such as Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer (2013)

This study was performed to confirm the antibiotic regimen during a severe invasive surgery, such as esophagectomy, with a long procedure and a large amount of normal volumes of infusion. Ten patients with esophageal cancer were enrolled in this study, and cefmetazole sodium concentrations in serum were measured during esophagectomy. The ranges of minimum inhibitory concentrations for 90% of isolates of cefmetazole sodium for microorganisms in our institutions for 8 years were investigated. The maximum concentration was 83.9 μg/mL just after the completion of infusion, and its half-life was 1.5 hours. Serum concentration of cefmetazole sodium was kept above 16 μg/mL for 4 hours during esophagectomy. It was kept above 32 μg/mL for 2.5 hours after injection. There are almost no differences in the pharmacokinetics of cefmetazole sodium between common use and during esophagectomy. In addition, additive infusion of antibiotics 4 hours after the first infusion was recommended during esophagectomy.
Is There a Magnetic Field Effect on Electrochemical Kinetics? (2000)

Whether the influence of magnetic field B on the diffusion process during an electrochemical reaction is now well known, the magnetic field effects on the electrochemical kinetics are still a subject of controversy. We have investigated, by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, different electrochemical systems, mass transport controlled, kinetically controlled, and mixed systems, under superimposed B. All results led to the conclusion that a homogeneous B parallel to the electrode surface and varying up to 1 T had no effect on the charge-transfer coefficient.
Spherical aberrations and manufacturing errors in eliminating the substrate errors of a computer-generated hologram (withdrawn) (2013)

This paper [Opt. Eng. 52(9), 091723 (2013)] was removed from the SPIE Digital Library on 24 July 2013 by the publisher upon verifying that a significant portion of Section 4 of the paper was taken directly from the following previously published paper without attribution: Ping Zhou and James H. Burge, “Optimal design of computer-generated holograms to minimize sensitivity to fabrication errors,” Optics Express 15(23), 15410 (2007). The citation is provided here so that interested readers can access the information from the original source.
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biopsy in the chest: little to lose, much to gain (2005)

Tissue diagnosis of pathological lesions located in the mediastinum has been difficult to obtain by nonsurgical methods, well protected as it is by the bony covering of the thorax and the surrounding lungs. A variety of lesions involve the mediastinum either as primary tumours or as secondary deposits from both benign and malignant diseases. It is therefore of paramount clinical importance to develop safe and accurate minimally invasive methods that are able to tissue diagnose such lesions in order to plan specific treatments.

The most frequent cancer involving the mediastinum is nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounting for ∼80% of lung cancers. The prognosis of NSCLC is poor and closely related to the stage of disease. NSCLC usually metastasises first to hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes. Subsequently, haematogenous metastasis to distant sites may occur. The treatment of NSCLC is stage dependent, and is in general by either surgical resection, provided no spread outside the lung is found (stage I and II), or induction chemotherapy followed by resection, in patients with ipsilateral mediastinal lymph node metastases (stage IIIA), or chemo-/radiotherapy alone, provided contralateral mediastinal- or distant metastases are present (stage IIIB and IV).

When traditional pre-operative staging methods are used, ∼10% of operations for NSCLC result in explorative thoracotomy without tumour resection, due to advanced mediastinal disease not detected pre-operatively. In addition, 25–35% of the apparently curative resections are unsuccessful because of early post-operative recurrent disease 1. Therefore, surgery may be considered futile or unnecessary in up to 45% of patients operated on, apparently because the stage of the disease is more advanced than expected pre-operatively. It is therefore important to develop methods that …