gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High Performance Perovskite Solar Cells (2015)

Perovskite solar cells fabricated from organometal halide light harvesters have captured significant attention due to their tremendously low device costs as well as unprecedented rapid progress on power conversion efficiency (PCE). A certified PCE of 20.1% was achieved in late 2014 following the first study of long-term stable all-solid-state perovskite solar cell with a PCE of 9.7% in 2012, showing their promising potential towards future cost-effective and high performance solar cells. Here, notable achievements of primary device configuration involving perovskite layer, hole-transporting materials (HTMs) and electron-transporting materials (ETMs) are reviewed. Numerous strategies for enhancing photovoltaic parameters of perovskite solar cells, including morphology and crystallization control of perovskite layer, HTMs design and ETMs modifications are discussed in detail. In addition, perovskite solar cells outside of HTMs and ETMs are mentioned as well, providing guidelines for further simplification of device processing and hence cost reduction.
ION EXCHANGE RESINS: PHARMACEUTICAL APPLICATIONS AND RECENT ADVANCEMENT (2010)

Ion exchange resins are cross-linked water insoluble polymer-carrying, ionizable functional groups. IER have received considerable attention from pharmaceutical scientists because of their versatile properties as drug delivery vehicles. Research over the last few years has revealed that IER are equally suitable for drug delivery technologies, including controlled release, transdermal, nasal, topical and taste masking. The major drawback of sustained release of extended release or extended release is dose dumping, resulting in increased risk of toxicity. The use of IER has occupied an important place in the development of controlled- or sustained-release systems because of their better drug-retaining properties and prevention of dose dumping. Synthetic ion exchange resins have been used in pharmacy and medicine for taste masking or controlled release of drug. Drug resin complexation converts drug to amorphous form leading to improved drug dissolution. Several studies have reported the use of IER for drug delivery at the desired site of action. Sulfonated and carboxylic resins with a polystyrene backbone are most widely used in clinical medicine. Chemical deterioration of the resins is the result of several different processes. The FDA has the responsibility to define conditions under which safe food additives may be used in the production and preparation of foods and beverages.
<title>Digital IR imaging capability for medical applications</title> (1999)

IR Imaging has changed a great deal since it was last evaluated for medical applications. Systems are much more sensitive and much less expensive. Current uncooled imaging systems, which sell for less than $20,000 in production, are capable of NETDs of 0.05C and are as easy to use as a home video camera. The digital nature of today's imaging systems makes computer analysis and image archiving a straightforward data storage task. All of these advances are driving a reassessment of IR imaging for medical imaging applications. Several informal tests have indicated promise for diagnostic purposes, and trauma applications are being investigated. This paper will present uncooled imager test results and informal medical tests to date, as well as suggest some new areas for further work.
KEEPING YOUR CAR HEATER HOT (1983)

This article describes some common heater-defroster problems and gives tips on how to troubleshoot and repair them. The article also includes a drawing of the heater-defroster system, and airflow-system schematics.
[Expression of epidermal growth factor receptor Ki67 and p16 in human middle ear cholesteatoma]. (2008)

The expression of EGFR, Ki67, p16 in middle ear cholesteatoma was significantly high-er compared with the skin of external auditory of cholesteatoma patients and healthful peoples. There was correlation between the expression of EGFR or Ki67 and the ability of erosion of middle ear cholesteatoma. It means that EGFR, Ki67 and p16 play a key role in the hyperproliferation middle ear cholesteatoma.
A new topical treatment for acute herpetic neuralgia and post-herpetic neuralgia: the aspirin/diethyl ether mixture. An open-label study plus a double-blind controlled clinical trial (1992)

Topical aspirin/diethyl ether (ADE) mixture was used to treat 45 consecutive patients with acute herpetic neuralgia (AHN) (n = 28) and with post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN) (n = 17) in an open-label study. Good-to-excellent results were achieved by 93% of AHN patients and by 65% of PHN patients. Earlier treatment yielded better results for the AHN but not the PHN group. The topical treatment seemed to accelerate the healing of acute herpetic skin lesions and possibly modulate the severity of the herpetic infection. Furthermore, a striking reduction in the percentage of AHN patients developing PHN was observed in the treated group, as compared with the disease natural history reported in the literature (4 vs. 50-70%). Treatment tolerance was excellent with no adverse effect observed. In addition to the open trial, a pilot double-blind crossover placebo-controlled study (n = 11) compared the analgesic efficacy of ADE with two other NSAID (indomethacin and diclofenac) drug/ether mixtures. Aspirin (but not indomethacin and diclofenac) was significantly superior to placebo as regards pain relief (P less than 0.05).
On outflow boundary conditions for CT-based computation of FFR: Examination using PET images (2019)

CT-based computations of fractional flow reserve (FFR) have been widely utilized for evaluating functional severity of a coronary artery stenosis. Whilst this approach has been successful clinically, assumptions involved in the analysis still need to be investigated for further improvement in predictive accuracy. To better understand the sensitivity of computational FFRs on outflow boundary condition - typically reflecting patient's own physiology only through anatomical features - FFR computations for 10 patients with different degree of stenosis was conducted. The computations were based on 3D anatomical model reconstructed from CT images and patient-specific in/outflow boundary conditions (BC). Two outflow BCs were considered: (1) conventional morphology-based and (2) PET perfusion-based conditions. The results showed that the FFRs derived from the two boundary conditions agree in general. It was also found that the FFRs computed with the morphology-based BC tend to estimate higher functional severity, especially in patients with reduced vasodilatory response under hyperaemia - an essential physiological condition in FFR measurement. Further investigation was made by varying hyperaemic resistances (30%-90% of the baseline) in the morphology-based BC. The variation of FFR for the varied resistances was narrow for patients with mild stenosis and wider for those who have severe stenosis. This latter approach confirmed that variability of FFR due to outflow condition tends to come from overestimation of vasodilatory response, especially those who have abnormal myocardial perfusion. The results suggest that outflow conditions that are more representative of each patient could be an effective way to improve CT-based FFR computation.
Battling COVID-19 Pandemic: Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Analogs as an Adjunctive Therapy? (2020)

With the sudden outbreak of COVID-19 patient worldwide and associated mortality, it is critical to come up with an effective treatment against SARS-CoV-2. Studies suggest that mortality due to COVID 19 is mainly attributed to the hyper inflammatory response leading to cytokine storm and ARDS in infected patients. Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1) analogs, AAL-R and RP-002, have earlier provided <i>in-vivo</i> protection from the pathophysiological response during H1N1 influenza infection and improved mortality. Recently, it was shown that the treatment with sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 analog, CYM5442, resulted in the significant dampening of the immune response upon H1N1 challenge in mice and improved survival of H1N1 infected mice in combination with an antiviral drug, oseltamivir. Hence, here we suggest to investigate the possible utility of using S1P analogs to treat COVID-19.
Aproximación a la definición de Canal Infantil Politemático de televisión (2012)

La digitalización ha propiciado una nueva forma de concebir los canales de televisión; son diversos los autores que han tratado esta temática –Cebrián (2004), Alcolea (2003), Bustamante (1999), etc.-, sin embargo, las aproximaciones que se han hecho en materia de canales temáticos infantiles resultan un tanto superfluas. Se realiza una revisión de las teorías existentes sobre televisión, infancia y canales temáticos que nos lleva a poder aportar una nueva terminología y a formular una aproximación a la definición de Canal Infantil Politemático, fiel reflejo de la realidad televisiva del siglo XXI.
[Seronegative spondylarthropathies--an overview]. (1991)

The seronegative spondyloarthropathies are a group of mostly chronic diseases sharing many clinical, radiologic, and genetic features. Described are the main characteristics of the different subsets. Growing evidence of new disease associations will lend new impulses to research of pathogenesis.
Direct downconversion of multiband RF signals using bandpass sampling (2006)

Abstract-Bandpass sampling can be used by radio receivers to directly digitize the radio frequency (RF) signals. Although the bandpass sampling theory for single-band RF signals is well established, its counterpart for multiband RF signals is relatively immature. In this paper, we propose a novel and efficient method to find the ranges of valid bandpass sampling frequency for direct downconverting multiband RF signals. Simple formulas for the ranges of valid bandpass sampling frequency in terms of the frequency locations of the multiple RF bands are derived. The result can be used to design a multiband receiver for software defined radios.
Bacteriophage T7 late promoters: construction and<i>in vitro</i>transcription properties of deletion mutants (1982)

The construction of plasmids containing T7 class I promoters with deletion mutants was described. Restriction fragments, ending at the Hinf I site located at position -10 in the promoter from 14.8% of the T7 genome, were cloned into pBR322. This produced the deletion of either the left or the right part of the promoter. The in vitro transcription properties of these plasmids were determined. Control plasmids were obtained by cloning wild type class II and class III promoters into pBR322. These plasmids also were used to compare the in vitro transcription properties of the two classes of late promoters. Much of the leftward part of a T7 late promoter can be deleted without abolishing activity, but deletion of the right part eliminates promoter activity. Class II, class III, and the mutated promoters have characteristic responses to changes in ionic strength, exogenous glycerol, and temperature.
Cause of Acute Tubular Necrosis Affects Its Prognosis (1997)

<h3>Background:</h3> Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) is the most common type of acute renal failure in hospitalized patients and is associated with a high morbidity and mortality. The cause of ATN can be divided into nephrotoxic, ischemic, or mixed. <h3>Objective:</h3> To test the hypothesis that the cause of ATN affects its clinical outcome. <h3>Methods:</h3> The study compares clinical outcomes of patients enrolled in the placebo arm of a multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of anaritide (Auriculin, synthetic atrial natriuretic peptide, Scios, Mountain View, Calif) in patients with well-defined ATN. Patients were divided prospectively into groups according to the cause of ATN: pure nephrotoxic, pure ischemic, or mixed nephrotoxic and ischemic. Outcomes of interest were dialysis-free survival and all-cause mortality on day 14 and day 21. The causal groups were compared with respect to the prevalence of several comorbidities suspected of affecting the clinical outcomes. <h3>Results:</h3> Mortality was 10% in the nephrotoxic group and 30% in the ischemic group on day 21. Dialysis-free survival was 66% in the nephrotoxic group and 41% in the ischemic group on day 21. Outcomes in the mixed and ischemic groups were similar. Compared with the nephrotoxic group, there was a significantly higher prevalence of cardiogenic shock, hypotension, sepsis, and respiratory failure and a tendency toward a higher prevalence of acute hepatic dysfunction in the ischemic group. Diabetes mellitus was more prevalent in the nephrotoxic group. Among patients with ischemic ATN, dialysisfree survival improved significantly and mortality tended to decline with advancing age. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> Among patients with ATN, those in whom renal ischemia was causative had significantly higher mortality and lower dialysis-free survival than those whose ATN was purely nephrotoxic in origin. This difference in clinical outcomes was associated with a higher prevalence of serious comorbidities in the ischemic ATN group. Advancing age was associated with improved dialysisfree survival and a tendency toward reduced mortality in patients with ischemic ATN. Arch Intern Med. 1997;157:1833-1838
S2M: A Lightweight Acoustic Fingerprints-Based Wireless Device Authentication Protocol (2016)

Device authentication is a critical and challenging issue for the emerging Internet of Things (IoT). One promising solution to authenticate IoT devices is to extract a fingerprint to perform device authentication by exploiting variations in the transmitted signal caused by hardware and manufacturing inconsistencies. In this paper, we propose a lightweight device authentication protocol [named speaker-to-microphone (S2M)] by leveraging the frequency response of a speaker and a microphone from two wireless IoT devices as the acoustic hardware fingerprint. S2M authenticates the legitimate user by matching the fingerprint extracted in the learning process and the verification process, respectively. To validate and evaluate the performance of S2M, we design and implement it in both mobile phones and PCs and the extensive experimental results show that S2M achieves both low false negative rate and low false positive rate in various scenarios under different attacks.
Estimation Algorithms for Large-Scale Power Systems (1979)

The operation of large-scale power systems demands that the real-time monitoring, security, and control procedures can draw on a consistent and reliable set of data representing the measurements and the network parameters. This paper considers the enhancement of this data base through advanced estimation programs for the states and parameters of the network. The role of such programs and the different forms they can take are presented in a comprehensive and unified manner. This will assist the designer in the task of selection and development of a suitable algorithm for his system from a set of possible approaches.
Nuclear envelope transmembrane proteins (NETs) that are up-regulated during myogenesis (2006)

This work identified 6 NETs that are predicted to have important functions in muscle development and/or maintenance from their expression patterns during myoblast differentiation and in mouse tissues. We confirmed that 5 of these NETs are authentic nuclear envelope proteins. Four members of this group have potential signaling functions at the NE, based on their sequence homologies.
Improving Success Rates of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Chronic Total Occlusion at a Rural Hospital in East Taiwan (2014)

We aimed to report the results of percutaneous coronary intervention for chronic total occlusion (CTO) in a remote hospital of southeast Taiwan that does not have on-site coronary artery bypass graft support and has insufficient medical resources. From 2006 to 2009, we identified 96 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention and whose coronary angiogram showed CTO lesions. On-site cardiovascular surgeons were unavailable from 2006 to 2009. The success rate (test for trend, p = 0.02) and numbers of guidewires used (test for trend, p = 0.59) significantly increased from 2006 to 2009, and the procedural time reduced significantly (test for trend, p = 0.001). The volume of contrast media injected decreased, although this result was not statistically significant (p = 0.70). Our experience in managing CTO lesions substantially improved and the procedural time reduced over 4 years, even when constrained by a relative shortage of medical resources.
Permeability of human synovial membrane to plasma proteins. Relationship to molecular size and inflammation (1971)

Abstract Passage of plasma proteins from blood into synovial fluid was found quantitatively related to molecular size and to degree of inflammation in four groups of patients differing in severity of synovial inflammation, and in a group of autopsied subjects without joint disease. Greater inflammation was accompanied by augmented passage of each protein across the synovial membrane, and by proportionately greater increase in permeability to larger proteins. In classic rheumatoid arthritis, synovial IgM and IgG concentrations were higher than predicted from the above‐described interrelationships, suggesting local immunoglobulin synthesis.
Chemical Tags Speed Delivery Into Cells (2000)

San Francisco—For pharmaceutical-makers, trying to get a drug inside cells can be as difficult as meeting the Rolling Stones: You might score tickets to a Stones concert, but to party with Mick Jagger you need a backstage pass. In the case of pharmaceuticals, companies must make drugs water soluble to pass through the bloodstream on the way to their targets. Yet once the compounds have arrived at their destination, they need a very different kind of chemistry to dissolve through the fatty membrane surrounding cells. Often drugs can manage one task but not the other. But a team of California researchers may have found a way to change all that.
Aberrant RNA splicing of the protein C and protein S genes in healthy individuals (1996)

RNA-based studies are an important tool for the identification and functional characterization of mutations underlying inherited disease. These studies could in principle be compromised by 'aberrant splicing' (the generation of alternatively spliced transcripts lacking any obvious function) during normal expression of the genes under investigation. Using a highly sensitive RT-PCR assay, we show here that aberrant splicing is a frequent occurrence during expression of the protein C (PROC) and protein S (PROS) genes. Aberrantly spliced transcripts were present in different cell types including liver, the main expressing tissue for both protein C and protein S. In an attempt to compare individual mRNA splicing patterns, PROC and PROS RNA from easily accessible cells of different healthy control individuals was studied. However, variation between different RT-PCR assays from the same individual precluded both the relative quantitation of the aberrant transcripts and the analysis of interindividual differences. Our findings are consistent with the notion that a low level of aberrantly spliced transcripts are routinely generated during PROC and PROS gene expression. The possibility that these transcripts may complicate the RT-PCR analysis of pathological transcripts must be taken into account when RNA-based strategies of disease analysis are considered.
Eosinophilic esophagitis (2006)

The patient was diagnosed eosinophilic esophagitis. The commercial food extracts have a great variability in their allergenic composition, which could result in false negative results in the prick test. Prick-prick with the natural food is a more sensitive technique than prick in the diagnosis of food allergy. There are other useful in vitro techniques, apart from specific IgE, in the diagnosis of food allergy. In our case, an exclusion diet of the involved food was more effective than other treatments for remission of the symptoms.
Simulation studies of fuzzy clustering in the context of brain magnetic resonance imaging (2002)

An important problem in segmentation of brain magnetic resonance images (MRI) is partial volume averaging of different types of tissue. This manifests itself as an overlap of tissue groups in the image histogram space. Fuzzy clustering is an effective technique for separating groups having vague boundaries. The fuzzy C-means (FCM) algorithm has been used for this purpose yet its effectiveness in discerning group differences on the order of a few percent in MRIs is not known. In this report, we compare the effectiveness of the hard C-means, several variants of FCM, and three versions of a possibilistic clustering approach in separating three simulated clusters as boundary overlap is increased.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Combining methods for the analysis of a fault-tolerant system (2003)

This paper presents experiences gained from the verification of a large-scale real-world embedded system by means of formal methods. This industrial verification project was performed for a fault-tolerant system designed and implemented by DaimlerChrysler Aerospace for the International Space Station ISS. The verification involved various aspects of system correctness, like deadlock and livelock analysis, correct protocol implementation, etc. The approach is based on CSP specifications and uses the model-checking tool FDR. It is realized by combining methods for the development as well as for the analysis. It is illustrated by examples and results obtained during the verification of the Byzantine agreement protocol implementation, where the combination of different abstraction methods is required.
The Constitution of Linocinnamarin<sup>1</sup> (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Constitution of Linocinnamarin1Harold J. Klosterman, F. Smith, and C. O. ClagettCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 2, 420–421Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1955https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01607a058RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views93Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (258 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts