gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Alveolar Macrophages from Patients With Beryllium Disease and Sarcoidosis Express Increased Levels of mRNA for Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Interleukin-6 but not Interleukin-1 β (1994)

Recent evidence suggests that the alveolar macrophage-derived cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) play important roles in granulomatous diseases. Our objective was to quantify the mRNA for these cytokines in beryllium disease, a human granulomatous disease of known etiology. We hypothesized that alveolar macrophages and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with beryllium disease and sarcoidosis would express increased levels of mRNA and proteins, respectively, for TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, and IL-6 compared with those of normal individuals. We performed bronchoalveolar lavage and used a quantitative polymerase chain reaction to determine alveolar macrophage-derived cytokine gene expression. We determined lavage fluid cytokine levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In patients with beryllium disease (n = 23), we observed elevated macrophage mRNA expression for TNF-alpha and IL-6 when compared with that of normal subjects (n = 7). Sarcoidosis patients (n = 6) also had increased expression for TNF-alpha and IL-6 compared with that of normal volunteers. IL-1 beta expression was similar in all three groups. In patients with beryllium disease (n = 39), lavage fluid TNF-alpha concentration was higher than that of 16 normal subjects. Lavage fluid IL-1 beta and IL-6 levels did not differ among the groups. This is the first report of macrophage cytokine expression in beryllium disease. These novel findings suggest that macrophage expression of TNF-alpha and IL-6 may be important in the human granulomatous inflammatory response.
A Palindromic CpG-Containing Phosphodiester Oligodeoxynucleotide as a Mucosal Adjuvant Stimulates Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell-Mediated TH1 Immunity (2014)

G9.1 is a promising mucosal adjuvant for induction of pDC-mediated T(H)1 immunity.
Functional genomics and rheumatoid arthritis: where have we been and where should we go? (2010)

Studies in model organisms and humans have begun to reveal the complexity of the transcriptome. In addition to serving as passive templates from which genes are translated, RNA molecules are active, functional elements of the cell whose products can detect, interact with, and modify other transcripts. Gene expression profiling is the method most commonly used thus far to enrich our understanding of the molecular basis of rheumatoid arthritis in adults and juvenile idiopathic arthritis in children. The feasibility of this approach for patient classification (for example, active versus inactive disease, disease subsets) and improving prognosis (for example, response to therapy) has been demonstrated over the past 7 years. Mechanistic understanding of disease-related differences in gene expression must be interpreted in the context of interactions with transcriptional regulatory molecules and epigenetic alterations of the genome. Ongoing work regarding such functional complexities in the human genome will likely bring both insight and surprise to our understanding of rheumatoid arthritis.
ESA based fiber-optic sensor for continuous detection of hydrogen peroxide concentration (2004)

A novel fiber-optic sensor sensitive to hydrogen peroxide has been designed based on the electrostatic layer-by-layer self-assembly method. Meldola's blue and a catalyst hemin have been deposited in a polymeric structure formed by PAH and PAA. The concentrations that can be detected range between 10/sup -7/ and 10/sup 3/ M, and recovery of the sensor after introduction in reductive agent has been proved successful.
Coherent analysis of disordered mesoporous adsorbents using small angle X-ray scattering and physisorption experiments (2014)

Characterization of mesoporous adsorbents is traditionally performed in terms of the pore size distribution with bulk methods like physisorption and mercury intrusion. But their application relies on assumptions regarding the basic pore geometry. Although novel tools have enabled the quantitative interpretation of physisorption data for adsorbents having a well-defined pore structure the analysis of disordered mesoporosity still remains challenging. Here we show that small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) combined with chord length distribution (CLD) analysis presents a precise and convenient approach to determine the structural properties of two-phase (solid-void) systems of mesopores. Characteristic wall (solid) and pore (void) sizes as well as surface areas are extracted without the need to assume a certain pore shape. The mesoporous structure of modern, commercially available fully porous and core-shell adsorbent particles is examined by SAXS/CLD analysis. Mean pore size and surface area are compared with results obtained from nitrogen physisorption data and show excellent agreement.
A rich nearby cluster in Sagittarius (1989)

In a series of ESO Messenger and Comptes Rendu papers (1978 - 1985), Terzan, Bernard, and Ju discovered some 45 diffuse objects in the general direction of the Galactic Bulge, viz., Sagittarius bright cloud B, α range 17^h04^m – 17^h42^m, δ range -24° to -33°. This region, centered near 1_(II) ~358°, b_(II) ~ +7°, has a patchy, but obviously very heavy extinction (we estimate A_v > 3^m – 4^m). These TBJ objects are a mixed bag; in the discovery papers, some were tentatively classified as galaxies, some as possible globular clusters, others as planetary nebulae. During an imaging search for obscured globular clusters, one of us (SGD) obtained images of 14 of them. Out of those, two turned out to be probable globular clusters (TJ 5 and TJ 23), one planetary nebula. (TBJ 41), and the rest were obviously galaxies. A dozen of the remaining objects may be classified as galaxies from their appearance on the SRC/I sky survey films. The magnitudes of detected galaxies are typically in the range R ~17^m – 18^m, within 10 - 20 arcsec apertures (the measurements are difficult and still very preliminary, because of the heavy stellar foreground). The occurrence of so many background galaxies in a. relatively small and heavily obscured area is remarkable. These objects must be luminous ellipticals and/or bright S0 or Sp bulges: anything with a lower surface brightness would not be detected through the heavy extinction and foreground. (None of the TBJ galaxies and possible galaxies a.re detected in the IRAS PSC, which corroborates their identification as early types.) Thus, this concentration of galaxies must be just the very tip of an iceberg. Terzan et al. apparently discovered a major rich cluster, hidden behind the Galactic Bulge, in the heart of "zone of avoidance".
Tandem mass spectrometry analysis of synthetic opioid peptide analogs (1995)

Five synthetic opioid peptides that were designed to have specific opioid receptor-binding properties were studied by low energy collision-induced dissociation (CID) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). The MS/MS data are required for the analysis of those peptides in ovine plasma in a study to determine the placental transfer of the peptide to the fetus. The synthetic enkephalin-related peptides were: Tyr-D-Arg-Phe-Lys-NH2, (DALDA), N,N-diallyl-Tyr-Aib-Aib-Phe-Leu-OH, (ICI 174,864), Tyr-D-Thr-Gly-Phe-Leu-Thr, (DTLET), Tyr-D-Pen-Gly-Phe-D-Pen-OH, (DPDPE), and D-Phe-Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Arg-Thr-Pen-Thr-NH2, (CTAP). Liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry (LSIMS) was used for sample desorption-ionization, and a hybrid (E1BE2qQ) tandem mass spectrometer was used to collect the product-ion spectra. A protonated molecule ion, [M + H]+, was observed for each peptide. Amino acid sequence-determining fragment ion were produced by CID and collected by MS/MS for the three linear peptides, and also for the two disulfide-bond-containing peptides in their unreduced and dithiothreitol (DTT)-reduced forms. The detection level for the [M + H]+ ion of DTLET was ca. 3 pmol; and the stabilities of the CTAP and ICI analogs in plasma were studied.
A flexible model for evaluating the behavior of hardware/software systems (2002)

Hardware-software co-design is becoming a "must" for many embedded applications requiring to tradeoff a number of constraints such as size, cost, performance, real-time requirements, design flexibility, etc. Even if, according to the purpose of the digital system, the range of possible architectures is rather wide, for our field of interest (telecom embedded systems) the target architecture can be roughly described as composed of a microprocessor surrounded by some hardware modules connected through buses. The aim of this paper is to present a model (and the related CAD environment) supporting the simultaneous analysis of functionality, timing performance (in terms of execution time of hw and sw modules and bus use), and execution profile of the system specification assuming the given target architecture. The goal of the proposed approach has been to define a simulation algorithm able to consider the partition of each section of the specification and the consequent bus traffic at the system level, in order to enable the designer to efficiently debug and evaluate the specification while considering the timing issues of a mixed hw-sw architecture very close to the final one. The paper gives also the flavor of the CAD environment built around the presented simulation strategy.
USE OF THE PENETROMETER FOR DEFORMATION TESTING OF FOODS (1973)

The cone of a penetrometer is replaced by a flat, light‐weight plastic horizontal disc which is allowed to compress an article of food for 5 set, after which a reading is taken from the dial of the instrument. Next a weight is placed on the upper end of the vertical shaft that carries the disc and the food is compressed again for 5 set, after which a second reading is taken from the dial. The difference between the two dial readings gives the deformation to the nearest 0.1 mm. Examples of its use on tomatoes and marshmallows are given. The test works well on foods that are deform able, but is not recommended for rigid foods because of lack of precision.
Models for ultrasonic characterization of environmental degradation of interfaces in adhesive joints (1994)

In this paper we discuss two models of environmental degradation of adhesive joints developed from experimental observation of the joint failure mode. It is found that after severe degradation, failure is dominated by the interfacial mode, i.e., by failure at the interface between adhesive and adherend. The fraction of failure in the interfacial mode was found to be related to the joint strength and to be proportional to the frequency shift of a minimum in the spectrum of the reflected ultrasonic signal. One model considers an interface as an interphase in the form of a nonhomogeneous layer composed of two phases: ‘‘soft’’ which is viscoelastic (degraded part of the interphase) and ‘‘stiff’’ corresponding to the nondamaged interphase. Increase of the ‘‘soft’’ phase fraction corresponds to the process of degradation in the interphase. The second model describes degradation in a form of disbonds filled by absorbed water at the interface. The disbonded interface is modeled by transverse spring boundary conditions, with the complex spring stiffness representing the quality of the bond. The influence of different disbond growth scenarios is considered. Advantages and drawbacks of these models are discussed.
Nonlinear optical imaging: toward chemical imaging during neurosurgery (2011)

Tumor recognition and precise tumor margin detection presents a central challenge during neurosurgery. In this contribution we present our recent all-optical approach to tackle this problem. We introduce various nonlinear optical techniques, such as coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS), second-harmonic generation (SHG) and two-photon fluorescence (TPEF), to study the morphology and chemical composition of (ex vivo) brain tissue. As the experimental techniques presented are contact-free all-optical techniques, which do not rely on the administration of external (fluorescence) labels, we anticipate that their implementation into surgical microscopes will provide significant advantages of intraoperative tumor diagnosis. In this contribution an introduction to the different optical spectroscopic methods will be presented and their implementation into a multimodal microscopic setup will be discussed. Furthermore, we will exemplify their application to brain tissue, i.e. both pig brain as a model for healthy brain tissue and human brain samples taken from surgical procedures. The data to be discussed show the capability of a joint CARS/SHG/TPEF multimodal imaging approach in highlighting various aspects of tissue morphochemistry. The consequences of this microspectroscopic potential, when combined with the existing technology of surgical microscopes, will be discussed.
Aluminum Borohydride Preparation (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAluminum Borohydride PreparationJames B. Hinkamp and Vincent HnizdaCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1955, 47, 8, 1560–1562Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50548a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50548a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views346Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Perception of transient nonspeech stimuli is normal in specific language impairment: Evidence from glide discrimination (2005)

Twenty 9- to 12-year-olds with specific language impairment (SLI) were compared with 18 age-matched controls on auditory discrimination tasks, using a three-interval, two-alternative forced-choice format. The first task used minimal word pairs in silence and in noise. Nonspeech tasks involved discriminating direction of frequency glides and had two versions: (a) the glide moved from 500 to 1500 Hz, and duration was adaptively decreased; (b) all glides lasted 250 ms, and the frequency range was adaptively modified until a threshold was reached. Control and SLI groups did not differ on the glide tasks. Around half the children in both groups accurately discriminated 20 ms glides. There was a small but significant group difference on the speech-in-noise task, and scores were weakly related to literacy level. Perception of brief, transient, nonspeech stimuli is not abnormal in the majority of school-aged children with SLI.
Frankreich (2001)

Die Entwicklung der organisierten Interessenvertretung ist in Frankreich durch die Revolution von 1789 geprägt worden. Die nahezu 100 Jahre währende Auseinandersetzung um die Rolle von Interessenvertretungsorganisationen mündete 1884 in die Anerkennung der Koalitionsfreiheit, die 1901 durch die allgemeine Vereinigungsfreiheit ergänzt wurde. Im Jahrhundert des Organisationsverbots, das genauer gesagt ein Wechselbad von Verboten, Tolerierungen und erneuten Verboten war, erfolgten die Weichenstellungen, die zum Organisationspluralismus und einem stark dezentralisierten Organisationsaufbau führten. Seit Ende des Ersten Weltkriegs hat sich ein nahezu unüberschaubares Geflecht institutionalisierter und informeller Interessenvertretung herausgebildet, das sich mit dem Begriff „Verbändesystem“ nur schwer fassen läßt.
Surface wave memory correlator with optical write-in (1976)

A surface wave memory device in which a light pulse emitted from a GaAs laser diode is used to store surface wave signals is described. The storage of 87-MHz surface wave signals in surface states in silicon is obtained by using a light pulse with a duration of 0.5 nsec. Pulse compression experiments are also demonstrated by storing linear FM chirp signals with this method.
Language modeling using PLSA-based topic HMM (2007)

In this paper, we propose a PLSA-based language model for sports-related live speech. This model is implemented using a unigram rescaling technique that combines a topic model and an n-gram. In the conventional method, unigram rescaling is performed with a topic distribution estimated from a recognized transcription history. This method can improve the performance, but it cannot express topic transition. By incorporating the concept of topic transition, it is expected that the recognition performance will be improved. Thus, the proposed method employs a “Topic HMM” instead of a history to estimate the topic distribution. The Topic HMM is an Ergodic HMM that expresses typical topic distributions as well as topic transition probabilities. Word accuracy results from our experiments confirmed the superiority of the proposed method over a trigram and a PLSA-based conventional method that uses a recognized history.
Curcumin sensitizes prostate cancer cells to tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand/Apo2L by inhibiting nuclear factor-κB through suppression of IκBα phosphorylation (2004)

Abstract Epidemiologic studies suggest that diet rich in plant-derived foods plays an important role in the prevention of prostate cancer. Curcumin, the yellow pigment in the spice turmeric, has been shown to exhibit chemopreventive and growth inhibitory activities against multiple tumor cell lines. We have shown previously that curcumin and tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)/Apo2L interact to induce cytotoxicity in the LNCaP prostate cancer cell line. In this study, we investigated the mechanism by which curcumin augments TRAIL-induced cytotoxicity in LNCaP cells. Subtoxic concentrations of the curcumin-TRAIL combination induced strong apoptotic response in LNCaP cells as demonstrated by the binding of Annexin V-FITC and cleavage of procaspase-3. Furthermore, LNCaP cells express constitutively active nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), which is inhibited by curcumin. Because NF-κB has been shown to mediate resistance to TRAIL-induced apoptosis in tumor cells, we investigated whether there is a relationship between NF-κB activation and resistance to TRAIL in LNCaP prostate cancer cells. Pretreatment with curcumin inhibited the activation of NF-κB and sensitized LNCaP cells to TRAIL. A similar increase in the sensitivity of LNCaP cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis was observed following inhibition of NF-κB by dominant negative mutant IκBα, an inhibitor of NF-κB. Finally, curcumin was found to inhibit NF-κB by blocking phosphorylation of IκBα. We conclude that NF-κB mediates resistance of LNCaP cells to TRAIL and that curcumin enhances the sensitivity of these tumor cells to TRAIL by inhibiting NF-κB activation by blocking phosphorylation of IκBα and its degradation.
Molecular imprint polymers as highly selective stationary phases for open tubular liquid chromatography and capillary electrochromatography (1998)

Chiral separations employing molecular imprint polymer (MIP) stationary phases in both open tubular liquid chromatography (OT-LC) and capillary electrochromatography (OT-CEC) are demonstrated. MIPs are highly crosslinked polymers containing spatial and functionality memory of template molecules which provide a higher degree of selectivity when used as stationary phases for chromatographic separations. Thin films of molecular imprinted polymers bonded to the inner walls of 25 microm ID fused-silica capillaries were prepared using an in situ polymerization technique developed in our laboratory that allows the use of conventional fused-silica capillaries with polyimide outer coatings. The success rate in preparing such open tubular columns was about 70%. Methacrylic acid and 2-vinyl pyridine were chosen as functional monomers, and either ethylene dimethacrylate or trimethylol propane trimethacrylate was used as the crosslinker. Toluene was employed as the porogen. Effects of polymerization conditions on column preparation and chromatographic performance were studied. Enantiomeric separations of D- and L-dansyl phenylalanines were achieved in both OT-LC and OT-CEC modes with good selectivity and efficiencies. Both types of separations may be performed on the same column using a single commercial instrument.
Monitering of tropospheric aerosol optical properties by laser radar (1977)

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Radiation protection of the normal kidney by selective arterial infusions (1974)

Successful unilateral renal radioprotection has been attained in 10 of 18 experimental animals receiving protracted and fractionated radiation to large abdominal fields and unilateral renal artery epinephrine infusions, including 6 of the last 7 animals so treated. In a pilot series of patients with Stage III ovarian malignancies who were treated in a similar manner with unilateral renal artery epinephrine infusions, successful unilateral renal radioprotection has also been achieved in 3 out of 5 evaluable patients (the other 2 patients received potentially nephritic radiation doses to both kidneys, but have not in fact developed radiation nephritis on either side). In a series of 10 experimental animals, production of temporary unilateral renal hypoxia during abdominal irradiation by the use of a balloon occlusion catheter has not proved reliable in effecting unilateral renal radioprotection. However, in a subgroup of 5 animals, the data suggest that simultaneous infusion of a vasoconstrictor combination into the superior mesenteric artery during irradiation may prevent morbidity and mortality from acute radiation enteritis, under the experimental conditions employed.
Monocyte-derived inflammatory dendritic cells expressing CX3CR1hi control urinary tract infection in mice. (120.25) (2012)

Abstract Phagocytes are essential for protecting the urinary tract from bacterial infections. Although neutrophils are required for clearing of bacteria during urinary tract infection (UTI), the function of monocyte-derived macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) is less clear. To determine the role of monocyte-derived phagocytes, we used CD11b-DTRTg mice and selectively depleted CD11b+ blood monocytes prior to inoculation of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) into the bladder. We then monitored monocyte-derived macrophages and DCs during the course of UTI. We found that conditional CD11b ablation effectively depleted a population of CXC3CR1+high, but not CX3CR1+low cells in the bladder and kidney. Interestingly, CX3CR1+high cells expressed low levels of F4/80 but expressed CD11c, and other DC markers, suggesting they were monocyte-derived DCs. UPEC induced bacterial burden was significantly elevated in the kidneys of CD11b-depleted mice at 48 hrs post-infection, when compared to controls. Furthermore, CX3CR1 KO mice were unable to clear UPEC 48 hrs post-infection; instead, bacteria spread from the bladder to the kidney, similarly to CD11b monocyte depleted mice. CX3CR1+high DCs, but not CX3CR1+low macrophages isolated from infected bladders produced abundant amounts of IL-6 and TNF-α pro-inflammatory cytokines. Our studies indicate that a monocyte-derived novel DC subset expressing CX3CR1 is required for preventing bacterial spreading, and the clearance of bacteria in the kidney.