gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Normal and pathological conditions which may alter the human requirement for vitamin B6 (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNormal and pathological conditions which may alter the human requirement for vitamin B6R. R. BrownCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1972, 20, 3, 498–505Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60181a026https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60181a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views51Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Catalytic Synthesis of π-Conjugated Silole through Si–C (sp3) Bond Activation (2015)

Conjugated siloles represent an important class of photoluminescence material. Traditional synthesis of siloles often suffered from low functional group compatibility due to the usage of stoichiometric organic lithium or magnesium reagents. In the past years, catalytic Si–C bond activation has emerged as a new strategy for the synthesis of siloles. For the benefit of this fast-developing research area, this article highlights the related pioneering work as well as our recent discovery of a tandem cyclization/Si–C (sp<sup>3</sup>) activation reaction that enables the rapid synthesis of indole- and benzofuran-conjugated siloles. We also discuss the reaction mechanism in greater detail.
The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money, and Power (1991)

Written by the author of Shattered Peace and Energy Future, this book tells the history of oil and the struggle for wealth and power that always surrounds it. As much a history of the modern world as of the oil industry, the book reveals oil's critical role in world events, from Japan's attack on Pearl Harbour to the Suez Crisis, from Yom Kippur to the Gulf War. The book includes the story of Shell Oil, a company forged in defiance of the Standard Oil monopoly by an upstart London trader, using Rothchild connections, Russian oil and Dutch petrolium concession in the East Indies, and the inside story of the discovery of North Sea Oil and its crucial role in undermining the OPEC monopoly. The book is a TV tie-in edition with the major eight-part BBC TV series.
The Relative Resistance of Dengue-Immune Monkeys to Yellow Fever Virus (1975)

Dengue-immune rhesus monkeys were challenged with a South American and two African strains of yellow fever virus. Levels of viremia were reduced as compared with control nonimmunized monkeys. The results support the hypothesis that immunity to dengue in a human population acts as a barrier to establishment of yellow fever in that population.
FBG-Based Bidirectional Optical Cross Connects for Bidirectional WDM Ring Networks (2004)

This paper proposes a new bidirectional optical cross connect (BOXC) using fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) and optical circulators for bidirectional wavelength-division-multiplexing ring networks. Dynamic and independent wavelength routing is achieved by employing cascaded tunable FBGs. The proposed BOXC requires a small tuning range equal to wavelength channel spacing for tunable FBGs. Therefore, the wavelength count of the proposed BOXC could be increased easily without imposing constraint on the tuning range of FBGs. Coherent and incoherent crosstalk arising in the proposed BOXC and their impact on the power penalty are studied in detail. The Monte Carlo simulation is used to characterize the probability distribution of the power penalty due to both coherent and incoherent crosstalk under various conditions. The specification requirements are then obtained for the FBGs used in BOXC nodes with a different number of wavelengths. The study in this paper reveals that the requirement for the isolation of FBGs is more stringent than that for the reflectivity of FBGs at the Bragg wavelength. It is also shown that a large BOXC can be built based on the Benes network structure, and a method to reduce the complexity is also presented.
Reliability of Computerized Surface Electromyography for Determining the Onset of Muscle Activity (1987)

The reliability of a computerized analysis system (CAS) for determining muscle burst onset was compared with the subjective assessments of three trained examiners. A sample of 154 randomly selected, full-wave rectified and filtered electromyographic recordings was evaluated using a test-retest paradigm. Percentages of agreement, Pearson product-moment correlations, analyses of variance (ANOVAs), and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to measure the reliability. The between-rater agreement, which included the computerized EMG assessments, was only 23%. Within-rater agreement and Pearson correlation coefficients were perfect for CAS. The trained examiners' within-rater assessments averaged only 51% agreement, but test-retest correlations were high (r = .78 - r = .82). All ICCs were statistically significant, ranged from .46 to .60, and tended to be higher when the CAS onset determinations were deleted from the analysis. The ANOVAs revealed that trained examiners were more consistent among each other than when their assessments were compared with CAS assessments of EMG recordings. This finding, however, may be facility-specific in that any generalization to other examiners was limited. In contrast to trained examiners, the CAS was free of variations in judgment, ensured perfect reproducibility of trial assessments, and was highly useful for analyzing multi-channel EMG recordings. Although the CAS ensures perfect reliability, validity determinations require visual inspection of trial data.
Fundamental Methods in Drug Permeability, pKa, LogP and LogDx Determination (2019)

Potential drug molecular leads from plants are usually tested for their efficacy in bioactivity assays in preclinical trials. This is followed by testing for the properties of the molecular structures, if they can be bio-available to biological targets, should they proceed to clinical trials. Most drug molecules with proven bioactivities fail to qualify as potential drug candidates due to their poor molecular drug-like properties. It is therefore imperative for drug developers and discoverers to start focusing on the molecular structural properties at an early stage to decide whether the particular drug molecule, with bioactivity, is worthy investing on. This review aims at putting together and discussing fundamental methods for selected drug-like properties; permeability, pK a , LogP and LogD x . It was noted that basic methods on the aforementioned procedures are being customized for simplicity and convenience, mainly in the form of commercial in silico innovations. There is a need for cheaper methods to be developed to ease budgetary constraints on drug discovery and designing. This report will provide pointers to choose appropriate methods in drug designing and development, making the whole process more convenient and relatively cheaper for researchers, students and research funding bodies. Due to technical variations that each method has, reporting of results on these properties should be reported along with specific methods and conditions used.
A fast switching PLL frequency synthesizer with an on-chip passive discrete-time loop filter 0.25-μm CMOS (2003)

A phase-locked loop (PLL) frequency synthesizer with an on-chip passive discrete-time loop filter is reported in this paper. The closed loop is robust stable, and a fast switching speed is achieved by creating a stabilization zero in the discrete-time domain. The circuit implementations and system-level analysis results of the proposed architecture are presented. Techniques and design considerations are presented to overcome several potential problems of the proposed architecture, such as finite lock-in range, translation of voltage-controlled oscillator noise into in-band phase noise, and spur degradation due to clock feedthrough of the sampling switch. A 2.4 GHz prototype frequency synthesizer for Bluetooth applications was developed in a 0.25-μm CMOS process. The measured results agree with theoretical predictions and demonstrate its high performance.
Significance of Immunohistochemical Expression of Estrogen Receptors α and β in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Esophagus (2007)

Immunohistochemical expression of ER alpha and ER beta were found to be observed in ESCC. Positive expression of ER alpha in addition to negative expression of ER beta proved to be an unfavorable independent prognostic indicator in ESCC.
Indian Muslim refugees in the politics of Pakistan (1974)

(1974). Indian Muslim refugees in the politics of Pakistan. The Journal of Commonwealth & Comparative Politics: Vol. 12, No. 2, pp. 189-205.
Akt/Protein Kinase B Modulates Macrophage Inflammatory Response to <i>Francisella</i> Infection and Confers a Survival Advantage in Mice (2006)

The Gram-negative bacterium Francisella novicida infects primarily monocytes/macrophages and is highly virulent in mice. Macrophages respond by producing inflammatory cytokines that confer immunity against the infection. However, the molecular details of host cell response to Francisella infection are poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that F. novicida infection of murine macrophages induces the activation of Akt. Inhibition of Akt significantly decreases proinflammatory cytokine production in infected macrophages, whereas production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 is enhanced. Analysis of the mechanism of Akt influence on cytokine response demonstrated that Akt promotes NF-kappaB activation. We have extended these findings to show that Akt activation may be regulated by bacterial genes associated with phagosomal escape. Infection with mglA mutants of F. novicida elicited sustained activation of Akt in comparison to cells infected with wild-type F. novicida. Concomitantly, there was significantly higher proinflammatory cytokine production and lower IL-10 production in cells infected with the mglA mutant. Finally, transgenic animals expressing constitutively active Akt displayed a survival advantage over their wild-type littermates when challenged with lethal doses of F. novicida. Together, these observations indicate that Akt promotes proinflammatory cytokine production by F. novicida-infected macrophages through its influence on NF-kappaB, thereby contributing to immunity against F. novicida infection.
Implementation of an Equal-area Gridding Method for Global-scale Image Archiving (2005)

Constructing global-scale image databases is a challenging task because of large data volume and various map distortions. The raster pixel data structure on a projected flat surface has been used frequently; however, research shows that it may duplicate or lose original features. For a more accurate image-database construction method, this research investigated an equal-area global gridding method. An extended header structure was developed that allows facet indexing using geographic latitude and longitude. Three algorithms were developed in a C/C�� programming environment that performs new layer creation, accessing facet values, and importing image data in other projections. The output of this research can be considered for archiving global-scale satellite imagery and for publishing global-scale thematic raster datasets such as land cover and population density.
Relative Release and Retentiveness of Soil Phosphates (1959)

Abstract A kinetic equation is derived in terms of reaction products assuming a pseudo first order displacement of Soil‐P by hydroxyl ion. Application of this equation to a Bridger silt loam by means of a nonequilibrium leaching system indicated at least two forms of soil P based on rate of release: ( a ) a rapidly released form which quickly diminishes with time, and ( b ) a more slowly released form which is relatively constant with time. An equation is also derived for the equilibrium adsorption of P on the soil surface from a soil‐water system. Caribou, Bridger, Davidson, and Nibley soils were equilibrated with solutions of varying P concentrations at constant volume. The results were plotted using moles of P adsorbed as ordinate vs. the moles of P adsorbed divided by the equilibrium P solution concentration as abscissa. The data again indicated at least two forms of soil P, one tightly held and one relatively loosely held. At constant solution volume, equilibration of 1, 2, and 4 g. of Caribou soil with solutions of varying P concentration, indicated that the apparent dissociation constant for each site and the maximum amount of P that may be adsorbed per gram of soil by each site are both independent of the weight of soil used. The characterization of the soil P system by this equilibrium method is independent of soil/solution ratio in the range of 1:5 to 1:2000.
Super-résolution d'image unique basée sur des réseaux de neurones pour la reconnaissance de texte et de visage (2017)

Cette thèse porte sur les méthodes de super-résolution (SR) pour l’amélioration des performances des systèmes de reconnaissance automatique (OCR, reconnaissance faciale). Les méthodes de Super-Résolution (SR) permettent de générer des images haute résolution (HR) à partir d’images basse résolution (BR). Contrairement à un rééchantillonage par interpolation, elles restituent les hautes fréquences spatiales et compensent les artéfacts (flou, crénelures). Parmi elles, les méthodes d’apprentissage automatique telles que les réseaux de neurones artificiels permettent d’apprendre et de modéliser la relation entre les images BR et HR à partir d’exemples. Ce travail démontre l’intérêt des méthodes de SR à base de réseaux de neurones pour les systèmes de reconnaissance automatique. Les réseaux de neurones à convolutions sont particulièrement adaptés puisqu’ils peuvent être entraînés à extraire des caractéristiques non-linéaires bidimensionnelles pertinentes tout en apprenant la correspondance entre les espaces BR et HR. Sur des images de type documents, la méthode proposée permet d’améliorer la précision en reconnaissance de caractère de +7.85 points par rapport à une simple interpolation. La création d’une base d’images annotée et l’organisation d’une compétition internationale (ICDAR2015) ont souligné l’intérêt et la pertinence de telles approches. Pour les images de visages, les caractéristiques faciales sont cruciales pour la reconnaissance automatique. Une méthode en deux étapes est proposée dans laquelle la qualité de l’image est d’abord globalement améliorée, pour ensuite se focaliser sur les caractéristiques essentielles grâce à des modèles spécifiques. Les performances d’un système de vérification faciale se trouvent améliorées de +6.91 à +8.15 points. Enfin, pour le traitement d’images BR en conditions réelles, l’utilisation de réseaux de neurones profonds permet d’absorber la variabilité des noyaux de flous caractérisant l’image BR, et produire des images HR ayant des statistiques naturelles sans connaissance du modèle d’observation exact.
Effects of layer thickness variations on vertical-cavity surface-emitting DBR semiconductor lasers (1990)

A theoretical analysis of the influence of layer thickness variation in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) on lasing wavelength is presented. It is shown that changing the active region length of one of the layers in the DBR mirror by only one unit cell (0.56 nm) is sufficient to produce shifts in the lasing wavelength up to 0.12 nm (for an AlGaAs laser). This could limit the precision with which a desired wavelength, its reproducibility, and its uniformity across a large wafer can be obtained. Possible influences on the linewidth of broad area devices are also discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Posttranslational Elevation of Cell Wall Invertase Activity by Silencing Its Inhibitor in Tomato Delays Leaf Senescence and Increases Seed Weight and Fruit Hexose Level  (2009)

Invertase plays multiple pivotal roles in plant development. Thus, its activity must be tightly regulated in vivo. Emerging evidence suggests that a group of small proteins that inhibit invertase activity in vitro appears to exist in a wide variety of plants. However, little is known regarding their roles in planta. Here, we examined the function of INVINH1, a putative invertase inhibitor, in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Expression of a INVINH1:green fluorescent protein fusion revealed its apoplasmic localization. Ectopic overexpression of INVINH1 in Arabidopsis thaliana specifically reduced cell wall invertase activity. By contrast, silencing its expression in tomato significantly increased the activity of cell wall invertase without altering activities of cytoplasmic and vacuolar invertases. Elevation of cell wall invertase activity in RNA interference transgenic tomato led to (1) a prolonged leaf life span involving in a blockage of abscisic acid-induced senescence and (2) an increase in seed weight and fruit hexose level, which is likely achieved through enhanced sucrose hydrolysis in the apoplasm of the fruit vasculature. This assertion is based on (1) coexpression of INVINH1 and a fruit-specific cell wall invertase Lin5 in phloem parenchyma cells of young fruit, including the placenta regions connecting developing seeds; (2) a physical interaction between INVINH1 and Lin5 in vivo; and (3) a symplasmic discontinuity at the interface between placenta and seeds. Together, the results demonstrate that INVINH1 encodes a protein that specifically inhibits the activity of cell wall invertase and regulates leaf senescence and seed and fruit development in tomato by limiting the invertase activity in planta.
Role of the Office of Emergency Planning (1963)

A national state of readiness must be achieved and maintained for the mobilization of the Nation to deal with all degrees of emergency such as cold war, limited war and general war including attack upon the United States. National security and current economic actions should be mutually supporting with due attention directed to emergency preparedness measures which will contribute to the improvement of our current economy or national well-being. The acceleration of mobilization can be accomplished most effectively and efficiently through the performance by departments and agencies of Government of those emergency preparedness functions related to their established roles and capabilities. The responsibility for emergency preparedness involves virtually every department and agency of the Federal Government, and there is a need to provide a central point of leadership and coordination in the Executive Office of the President. Therefore, the Office of Emergency Planning (OEP) was formed to advise and assist the President in the coordination and in the determination of policy for the emergency plans and preparedness assignments of the Federal departments and agencies designed to make possible the mobilization at Federal, State and local levels of the human, natural and industrial resources of the Nation to meet all conditions of national emergency. OEP is responsible for the preparation of plans and preparedness programs with respect to organization and the functioning of the Federal Government under mobilization conditions and with respect to specific areas of emergency Federal activity necessary in time of war which are not performed in the normal operations of the regular departments and agencies. OEP also exercises its assigned statutory operating functions relative to defense production, stockpiling, and development and maintenance of the mobilization base.
Physical limitations of antenna (2003)

A discussion of minimum possible antenna quality factor (Q) is first presented . Based on the spherical wave function theory, the maximum possible ratios of gain to Q for both directional antenna and omnidirectional antenna are examined and new upper limits for both cases have been obtained. Universally applicable numerical results and some related discussions are also included.
Performance and efficiency of planar rectennas for short‐range wireless power transfer at 2.45 GHz (2001)

Abstract The performance and efficiency of three planar rectennas, designed on three different PCB materials, have been evaluated at 2.45 GHz. A maximum RF‐to‐dc conversion circuit efficiency of 55% was achieved. An output dc voltage of 1 V was measured over a distance of 1 m from a rectenna having 7 dB antenna gain. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 31: 86–91, 2001.
Sensor Fusion of Monocular Cameras and Laser Rangefinders for Line-Based Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) Tasks in Autonomous Mobile Robots (2012)

This paper presents a sensor fusion strategy applied for Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) in dynamic environments. The designed approach consists of two features: (i) the first one is a fusion module which synthesizes line segments obtained from laser rangefinder and line features extracted from monocular camera. This policy eliminates any pseudo segments that appear from any momentary pause of dynamic objects in laser data. (ii) The second characteristic is a modified multi-sensor point estimation fusion SLAM (MPEF-SLAM) that incorporates two individual Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) based SLAM algorithms: monocular and laser SLAM. The error of the localization in fused SLAM is reduced compared with those of individual SLAM. Additionally, a new data association technique based on the homography transformation matrix is developed for monocular SLAM. This data association method relaxes the pleonastic computation. The experimental results validate the performance of the proposed sensor fusion and data association method.
Necrotizing autoimmune myopathy (2011)

It is important to recognize and distinguish NAM from other causes of myocyte necrosis, because it has the potential of being amenable to treatment.
ADVANCES IN GRASSLAND TECHNOLOGY OVER THE PAST FIFTY YEARS (1995)

forecast that the rate and degree of progress in technology, including biotechnology, will in al likelihood match or surpass the advances achieved in the past half century.
Should patients undergoing a bronchoscopy be sedated? (2003)

Our results show that if we administer propofol for sedation, in addition to local anesthesia of the airway, the tolerance to the procedure is much better. Also it appears that sedation with propofol is safe if we carefully select and monitor the patient.