gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ErbB2-Dependent Chemotaxis Requires Microtubule Capture and Stabilization Coordinated by Distinct Signaling Pathways (2013)

Activation of the ErbB2 receptor tyrosine kinase stimulates breast cancer cell migration. Cell migration is a complex process that requires the synchronized reorganization of numerous subcellular structures including cell-to-matrix adhesions, the actin cytoskeleton and microtubules. How the multiple signaling pathways triggered by ErbB2 coordinate, in time and space, the various processes involved in cell motility, is poorly defined. We investigated the mechanism whereby ErbB2 controls microtubules and chemotaxis. We report that activation of ErbB2 increased both cell velocity and directed migration. Impairment of the Cdc42 and RhoA GTPases, but not of Rac1, prevented the chemotactic response. RhoA is a key component of the Memo/ACF7 pathway whereby ErbB2 controls microtubule capture at the leading edge. Upon Memo or ACF7 depletion, microtubules failed to reach the leading edge and cells lost their ability to follow the chemotactic gradient. Constitutive ACF7 targeting to the membrane in Memo-depleted cells reestablished directed migration. ErbB2-mediated activation of phospholipase C gamma (PLCγ) also contributed to cell guidance. We further showed that PLCγ signaling, via classical protein kinases C, and Memo signaling converged towards a single pathway controlling the microtubule capture complex. Finally, inhibiting the PI3K/Akt pathway did not affect microtubule capture, but disturbed microtubule stability, which also resulted in defective chemotaxis. PI3K/Akt-dependent stabilization of microtubules involved repression of GSK3 activity on the one hand and inhibition of the microtubule destabilizing protein, Stathmin, on the other hand. Thus, ErbB2 triggers distinct and complementary pathways that tightly coordinate microtubule capture and microtubule stability to control chemotaxis.
Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles in Trafficking, Communication and the Host-Pathogen Interaction (2013)

Vesicular transport is a central process in eukaryotes that was believed to be absent in bacteria. However, as our understanding of the communal and interactive lifestyles of bacteria has increased by leaps and bounds, we are now well positioned to appreciate the many ways that membrane trafficking impacts this domain of life as well. Nearly all Gram-negative organisms release outer membrane vesicles into their environment. In this communication, we discuss the nature of these vesicles, the roles they play in bacterial physiology, ecology and virulence, and what is known about how they are formed. These remarkable structures can be used to confuse, communicate or kill depending on the situation and unlocking the mechanisms behind their formation, loading and delivery could lead to effective treatments against many important bacterial pathogens.
The Essential Oil of Coleonema album (Rutaceae) and of a Photomixotrophic Cell Culture Derived thereof (1990)

Abstract The volatile shoot oil of Coleonema album was found to be composed of monoterpenes, ses­quiterpenes and phenylpropanoids. Heterotrophic and photom ixotrophic callus cultures were established from green parts of the plant. A photom ixotrophic cell line contained a heteroge­neous population of plastids and synthesized an essential oil, which differed qualitatively and quantitatively from the green parts of the intact plant. Substitution of 2,4-D and pCPA by a lower amount of NAA and high kinetin concentrations favoured the formation of essential oil. The heterotrophic callus, when grown on the same nutrient medium, was devoid of any differ­ entiated plastids and of essential oil constituents. Thus, a close correlation of light-induced plastid differentiation and essential oil synthesis was concluded.
Variable Expression of Coxsackie-Adenovirus Receptor in Thyroid Tumors: Implications for Adenoviral Gene Therapy (2005)

Adenoviral gene therapy represents a novel approach for the treatment of aggressive thyroid carcinomas. Both coxsackie-adenovirus receptor (CAR) and integrins have been shown to be the major determinants for adenoviral infectivity in many types of cancer cells, yet conflicting results have been reported. In this report we examine these factors mediating adenoviral infection in thyroid cells and to evaluate CAR expression in various types of thyroid cancer. We found that neither expression levels of CAR nor integrins are solely predictive of adenoviral infectivity in thyroid cells. However, the absence of CAR was associated with poor adenoviral infectivity in immortalized rat FRTL-5 cells. Moreover, preincubation with alpha-CAR antibody decreased infectivity in FTC 238 cells, a human thyroid tumor line. These results indicate that CAR does play a role in adenoviral infection of thyroid cells. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that CAR is expressed at the cell surface in the majority of malignant thyroid tumors. We further show that adenoviral infectivity in some thyroid cancer cells can be improved by poly-L-lysine. Our study warrants a functional method to evaluate adenoviral infectivity should be developed and instituted prior to clinical trials of adenoviral gene therapy in patients with advanced thyroid cancer.
Synthesis and Biological Activities of Certain Short-Chain Mono- and Bisquaternary Ammonium Compounds<sup>1a,b</sup> (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and Biological Activities of Certain Short-Chain Mono- and Bisquaternary Ammonium Compounds1a,bWalter L. Graef, Joseph G. Cannon, and Joseph P. BuckleyCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1965, 8, 2, 260–263Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00326a029https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00326a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views67Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
LRUM (2018)

This paper describes two new Message Passing Interface (MPI) broadcast algorithms who's performance is essentially independent of communicator size. These are based on using the InfiniBand unreliable datagram (UD) hardware multicast capabilities, with a latency which is very close to that of the MPI ping-pong point-to-point latency between the root and the furthest away process in the communicator. These algorithms rely on a new scale-independent local reliability protocol that guarantees destination buffer availability under load imbalance. Performance is compared to that of HPC-X/Open MPI, MVAPICH and IntelMPI. The new algorithms provide the best available latency across the board. At 128 processes the new algorithms are 2.3 times better at four megabytes, 5% better at four kilobytes, and provide comparable performance at eight byte broadcasts when compared to the next best broadcast implementation. The new algorithms also demonstrate the lowest streaming latency and highest broadcast throughput.
An Improved Line-Reflect-Reflect-Match Calibration With an Enhanced Load Model (2016)

An improved line-reflect-reflect-match calibration with an enhanced load model is proposed. Different from load models used by existing LRRM algorithms, the load model used in the proposed algorithm takes into account both the parasitic capacitance and inductance. Using the same calibration standards as the classical LRRM and the enhanced LRRM, the proposed algorithm can accurately determine the load parasitics from raw measurements. Measurement results from 0.5 GHz to 110 GHz on a commercial impedance standards substrate show that the proposed LRRM outperforms the classical LRRM and the enhanced LRRM, and gives multiline TRL quality on-wafer calibrations.
Weight Shifting Strategies and Discomfort during Prolonged Standing (2017)

Over half of the top ten occupations in the United States require prolonged standing, translating to nearly 3.2 million people who spend the majority of their workday standing ( Occupational Employment Statistics, 2014). Continual exposure to muscle fatigue, blood pooling, and cartilage compression due to prolonged standing may lead to long term injuries and damage. Current interventions show limited effectiveness in situ and in laboratory settings. The goal of this study is to investigate how weight shifting strategies may be used to alleviate discomfort. Seven subjects stood for one hour and reported their discomfort while weight distribution data was collected. Strategy significantly affected discomfort for overall tiredness (p < 0.0001), leg tiredness (p < 0.002), upper legs (p < 0.005), and feet (p < 0.0024). Those who use a moderate to full strategy reported less overall discomfort than moderate and full (p < 0.001) shifters. Standing strategy may minimize discomfort during the workday.
Helicobacter pylori infection detection from multiple x-ray images based on combination use of support vector machine and multiple kernel learning (2015)

This paper presents a detection method of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection from multiple gastric X-ray images based on combination use of Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Multiple Kernel Learning (MKL). The proposed method firstly computes some types of visual features from multiple gastric X-ray images taken in several specific directions in order to represent the characteristics of X-ray images with H. pylori infection. Second, based on the minimal-Redundancy-Maximal-Relevance algorithm, we select the effective features for H. pylori infection detection from each type of visual feature and all visual features. The selected features are used to train the SVM classifier and the MKL classifier for each direction of gastric X-ray images. Finally, the proposed method integrates multiple detection results based on a late fusion scheme considering the detection performance of each classifier. Experimental results obtained by applying the proposed method to real X-ray images prove its effectiveness.
Ultrasonic/sonic gopher for subsurface ice and brine sampling: analysis and fabrication challenges and testing results (2006)

Rock, soil, and ice penetration by coring, drilling or abrading is of great importance to a large number of space and earth applications. Proven techniques to sample Mars subsurface will be critical for future NASA astrobiology missions that will search for records of past and present life on the planet. An Ultrasonic/Sonic Drill/Corer (USDC) has been developed as an adaptable tool for many of these applications [Bar-Cohen et al., 2001]. The USDC uses a novel drive mechanism to transform the ultrasonic or sonic vibrations of the tip of a horn into a sonic hammering of a drill bit through an intermediate free-flying mass. The USDC design was modified to fabricate an Ultrasonic/Sonic Ice Gopher that is designed to core down to meters depth for in situ analysis and sample collection. This technology was demonstrated at Lake Vida in the Dry Valleys, Antarctica. Coring ice at -20°C as in Lake Vida has been a challenge and efforts were made to develop the required ice core cutting, ice chip handling and potential ice melting (and refreezing) during drilling. The analysis and fabrication challenges and testing results are presented in this paper.
Significance of Automated Driving in Japan (2017)

This chapter discusses the issues specific to the automated driving systems and the near-future market introduction, including a short history and the expected benefits of automated driving systems, and the significance of automated driving systems of road vehicles in Japan. Japan has a long history in the research and development of automated driving systems of not only passenger cars but also heavy trucks, transit buses, and small low-speed vehicles. Fully automated vehicles have technological, legal, and institutional issues to overcome; therefore, the safety validation of fully automated vehicles will require tremendously long-distance driving tests, which must be undertaken during almost all kinds of weather. The chapter discusses the introduction of automated truck platoons and automated small, low-speed vehicles for vulnerable road users, that is, after an introduction is given about the population issues in Japan. Therefore, automation in these types of vehicles is very necessary.
Friction of CVD diamond on intermetallide (2008)

The present article presents the results of triboengineering tests of polycrystalline diamonds deposited chemically from the gaseous phase together with intermetallides of the Al-Ti system. The conditions are determined when the diamond wears intensively; these conditions appear due to the use of a metallic catalysis precursor as a counterbody. The study results are expected to contributed to the development of techniques for machining of diamonds of industrial dimensions.
Integrated approach to laser delivery and confocal signal detection (2010)

We present an on-chip arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) sensor based on the confocal arrangement of two AWGs, one acting as focusing illuminator and one as signal collector. The chip can be close to, or in direct contact with, a sample, e.g., biological tissue, without the need of external optics. The collection efficiency of our device can be more than 1 order of magnitude higher than that of a standard AWG, in which light is collected by one input channel. Experimental results on the collection efficiency and volume are presented, together with a demonstration of multiwavelength imaging.
Brittle nail syndrome: treatment options and the role of the nurse. (2003)

Dermatology nurses are uniquely positioned to assess brittle nail syndrome, a multifactoral disorder, in conjunction with a physician, and to help develop a therapeutic plan. Once underlying causes are identified, dermatology nurses can support patients in nail care and assist the dermatologist in promoting treatment compliance.
A classical electron cyclotron quasioptical maser (1981)

In this work a new classical electron cyclotron maser oscillator is proposed and analyzed. The configuration utilizes an open-resonator cavity containing a gyrating electron beam, which translates along an external magnetic field directed transverse to the axis of symmetry of the resonator. The nonlinear interaction between the electrons and resonator fields have been analyzed, and an expression for the steady-state efficiency is obtained. For a uniform, external magnetic field our example shows that total efficiencies in excess of 30% can be realized, while appropriately contouring the field increases the efficiency to ∼45%.
Relationship between root‐mean‐square and peak‐to‐peak jitter measurements (2003)

Abstract The statistical relationship between peak‐to‐peak and root‐mean‐square (RMS) measurements of random and deterministic jitter is discussed. An analytic expression relating the two quantities is derived for normally distributed random jitter. This work is applicable to a production test of electronic or optical components that uses sampling oscilloscopes for jitter characterization. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 39: 323–326, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11204
A publishing system based on fluency coding method (2003)

The paper proposes a new publishing system using PC and large-sized printer that can produce high quality printed matter comprising text, charts, illustrations, etc. As the core component of this system, a coding method that can ensure the quality of decoded images even on affine-transformed enlargement or reduction is needed. Conventional coding methods, however, cannot claim to have satisfied such a requirement. The paper presents a novel method for encoding and decoding binary images via adaptive approximation of the object contours using fluency functions, in the form of straight lines, arcs, and curved lines, that were proposed by one of the authors and others (see Kamada, M. et al., J. Approx. Theory, vol.55, no.1, p.27-34, 1988). Based on experimental results, we demonstrate that the quality of the decoded images is maintained without jaggy-noise, even on resizing. Furthermore, signboards produced by this publishing system have been used in several live events.
Differentially Expressed miRNAs in Cancer-Stem-Like Cells: Markers for Tumor Cell Aggressiveness of Pancreatic Cancer (2014)

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most deadly cancers. The higher mortality is in part due to treatment resistance and early onset of metastasis. The existence of cancer-stem-like cells (CSLCs) has been widely accepted to be responsible for tumor aggressiveness in PC. Emerging evidence suggests that CSLCs have the capacity for increased cell growth, cell migration/invasion, metastasis, and treatment resistance, which leads to poor clinical outcome. However, the molecular role of CSLCs in tumor development and progression is poorly understood. Therefore, mechanistic understanding, and targeted killing of CSLCs may provide a newer therapeutic strategy for the treatment of PC. It has been well accepted that microRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles during tumor development and progression through deregulation of multiple genes. Moreover, deregulated expression of miRNAs may also play a key role in the regulation of CSLC characteristics and functions. Here we show that isolated CD44(+)/CD133(+)/EpCAM(+) cells (triple-marker-positive cells) from human PC cell lines, MiaPaCa-2 and L3.6pl cells, display aggressive characteristics, such as increased cell growth, clonogenicity, cell migration, and self-renewal capacity, which is consistent with overexpression of CSLC signatures/markers. We also found deregulated expression of over 400 miRNAs, including let-7, miR-30, miR-125b, and miR-335, in CSLCs. As a proof-of-concept, knockdown of miR-125b resulted in the inhibition of tumor cell aggressiveness of CSLCs (triple-marker-positive cells), consistent with the downregulation of CD44, EpCAM, EZH2, and snail. These results clearly suggest the importance of miRNAs in the regulation of CSLC characteristics, and may serve as novel targets for therapy.
Effects of telavancin on coagulation test results (2011)

Telavancin has the potential to prolong both PT and aPTT in vitro. It is recommended that samples for PT or aPTT be obtained just prior to a telavancin dose (trough).
Increased neutrophil respiratory burst in myeloproliferative disorders: selective enhancement of superoxide release triggered by receptor-mediated agonists and low responsiveness to in vitro cytokine stimulation. (1997)

The neutrophil superoxide (O2-)-producing capacity in 57 patients with chronic myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs) and eight patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) was investigated. O2- release in neutrophils stimulated by chemotactic peptide was markedly increased in all types of chronic MPD, including chronic myelogenous leukemia in both chronic phase and blastic crisis, polycythemia vera, and essential thrombocythemia, but was normal in CMML, which is thought to be a myelodysplastic disorder rather than MPD. Increase in O2(-)-producing capacity in MPD was also observed when other receptor-mediated agonists such as interleukin-8 and concanavalin A were used, but not when phorbol ester, a direct activator of protein kinase C, was used as the triggering agonist of O2- release. Priming effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) on chemotactic peptide-induced O2- release was observed in all patients with MPD and CMML, though fold enhancement of priming effects was much less in MPD compared with normal subjects. In addition, the priming effects of TNF were less than those of GM-CSF in 10 cases, whereas the priming effects of TNF were consistently and markedly greater than those of GM-CSF in normal subjects. Tyrosine phosphorylation of 42-kDa protein stimulated by G-CSF, GM-CSF, and TNF was observed in CML neutrophils to be identical to that in normal neutrophils. Present results indicate specific potentiation of the receptor-mediated route of signaling that is linked to the respiratory burst and downregulated responsiveness to cytokines in neutrophils in patients with all types of chronic MPD, suggesting in vivo priming of patient neutrophils via certain mechanism by cytokines or related stimuli in these hematological disorders.
Evaluation of capacitance displacement sensors used for slider-disk spacing measurements in magnetic disk drives (1992)

In a previous work, the authors (1991) compared head-disk spacing measurements in a magnetic hard disk drive that were made by a multichannel laser interferometer (MCLI) with those made simultaneously by capacitance probes (CP) embedded the air bearing surfaces of the slider. The flying height was determined through the contact-start-stop (CSS) process by averaging the spacing over one disk revolution during steady-state flying. In the present work, the authors show why a different calibration of the CP is needed for flying height and spacing variation measurements, and they derive an expression that gives the calibration factor as a function of the relative length of the CP to the slider's length. They also explain why the CP measurement appears to give an erroneous dependence of spacing variation on flying height.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Characterization of the Epithelial Components in Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Salivary Gland (2002)

The different features of NMC (Types A-D) are essential to a specific differential diagnosis. This classification was useful to discriminate PA from other salivary gland tumors with NMC.
Guidelines for annotating temporal information (2001)

This paper introduces a set of guidelines for annotating time expressions with a canonicalized representation of the times they refer to. Applications that can benefit from such an annotated corpus include information extraction (e.g., normalizing temporal references for database entry), question answering (answering "when" questions), summarization (temporally ordering information), machine translation (translating and normalizing temporal references), and information visualization (viewing event chronologies).
Treatment of Compartment Syndrome in Patients With Altered States of Coagulation (1997)

Chan, Peter S. H. M.D.; Naranja, R John Jr. M.D.; High, Kathy M.D.; Esterhai, John L. Jr. M.D.; Heppenstall, R Bruce M.D. Author Information