gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Crystallization and melting of highly filled polypropylene composites prepared with surface-treated fillers (2001)

Polypropylene (PP) composites with high filler content have been prepared with surface-treated fillers. The effect of the filler is twofold; nucleation of crystallization occurs, though the PP is also adsorbed onto the filler thereby retarding its motion. Differential scanning calorimetry has been used to study the crystallization of the PP. Melting and recrystallization during melting has been characterized by differential scanning calorimetry. The properties of the composites are more than an additive combination of the filler and polymer. In the case of highly filled composites, the morphology of the PP is important in limiting brittleness and for the strength of the interface between filler and polymer. Surface treatment of the filler has been found to have a significant control over the morphology and properties of the composites. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 79: 1942–1948, 2001
Botulinum Toxin to Minimize Facial Scarring (2002)

Botulinum toxin injection has been used for a variety of indications in humans, including blepharospasm and hyperfunctional facial lines. This article describes a novel formulation of botulinum toxin, which supplies immediate feedback to the injecting physician. Additionally, recent findings are described that indicate the immediate injection of botulinum toxin into the muscles underlying a wound can improve the cosmetic outcome of the facial cutaneous scar. Future applications of these findings are discussed.
Influência das condições ambientais no desempenho térmico e energético de expositores refrigerados (2005)

Os equipamentos de refrigeração abertos ao ar ambiente são preferencialmente utilizados em superfícies comerciais para a conservação e exposição em frio de produtos alimentares perecíveis, por facilitarem aos consumidores a visualização e manuseamento dos produtos sem qualquer condicionalismo. No entanto, a interacção térmica com o ar ambiente do compartimento onde está instalado o equipamento influencia fortemente o seu desempenho térmico e também a sua eficiência energética. Neste artigo são descritos diversos ensaios experimentais realizados num equipamento de refrigeração vertical aberto ao ar ambiente, segundo a Norma EN 441, com o objectivo de analisar a influência das propriedades do ar ambiente (temperatura, humidade e velocidade do ar), assim como, a sua distribuição espacial e evolução temporal, no desempenho térmico e eficiência energética. Nas avaliações local e temporal das propriedades do ar na zona de exposição e conservação de produtos alimentares, é efectuada uma análise qualitativa e quantitativa da sua variação em função das propriedades do ar ambiente, de modo a conhecer as condições de frio e adoptar eventuais correcções que possibilitem melhorias no desempenho térmico e na eficiência energética do equipamento.
Synthesis of acrylate polymers by a novel emulsion polymerization for adhesive applications (2006)

Abstract Pressure‐sensitive adhesives (PSAs) are viscoelastic–elastomeric materials that can adhere strongly to solid surfaces with light contact pressure and a short contact time. Polyacrylates produced by solution polymerization are used widely because of their good adhesive properties. A novel emulsion polymerization was established to improve the low physical properties of PSA on the basis of conventional poly( n ‐butyl acrylate) (PBA) by emulsion polymerization. PBA latex was synthesized by the emulsion polymerization of 50 wt % n ‐butyl acrylate mixed with 15 wt % ethyl acetate (EA) with Emal‐10P and Emulgen‐920 as anionic and nonionic surfactants, respectively, at 70°C. Potassium persulfate (KPS) or a combination of KPS and dicumyl peroxide (DCP) was used as the initiator. The KPS/DCP system gave a very high‐molecular‐weight PBA of a narrow molecular weight distribution with a weight‐average molecular weight/number‐average molecular weight value of 1.01–1.03 in 15 min. The PSA tape was prepared by the casting of the PSA latex onto a corona poly(ethylene terephthalate) film as an adherent to obtain a 50‐μm‐dry‐thickness film. The PSA tape produced from PBA by the novel emulsion polymerization showed better adhesive properties, such as 180° peel adhesion, shear holding power, and rolling ball tack tests according to JIS and ASTM standards, than PSA tape produced from solution polymerization. The occlusion of a small amount of EA in emulsion particles before polymerization was found to give higher properties than those of PBA prepared by the addition of EA to the PBA latex after polymerization. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100:413–421, 2006
Factors Influencing the Haematoporphyrin-sensitized Photoinactivation of Candida albicans (1989)

Photosensitizing activity of haematoporphyrin (Hp) on Candida albicans cells is mainly promoted by unbound dye molecules in the bulk aqueous medium. Moreover, the death of photosensitized cells is dependent on the dye concentration, irradiation time, irradiation temperature, and the composition of the growth media. Morphological and biochemical studies indicate that the photoprocess involves an initial limited alteration of the cytoplasmic membrane, which allows the penetration of the dye into the cell with consequent photodamage of intracellular targets. In this respect, the Hp-sensitized photoinactivation of eukaryotic microbial cells differs from that in prokaryotic cells.
Region-specific encoding of sensory and affective components of pain in the human brain: A positron emission tomography correlation analysis (1999)

Brain imaging with positron emission tomography has identified some of the principal cerebral structures of a central network activated by pain. To discover whether the different cortical and subcortical areas process different components of the multidimensional nature of pain, we performed a regression analysis between noxious heat-related regional blood flow increases and experimental pain parameters reflecting detection of pain, encoding of pain intensity, as well as pain unpleasantness. The results of our activation study indicate that different functions in pain processing can be attributed to different brain regions; ie, the gating function reflected by the pain threshold appeared to be related to anterior cingulate cortex, the frontal inferior cortex, and the thalamus, the coding of pain intensity to the periventricular gray as well as to the posterior cingulate cortex, and the encoding of pain unpleasantness to the posterior sector of the anterior cingulate cortex.
Rotavirus gastroenteritis in Finnish children in 2006–2008, at the introduction of rotavirus vaccination (2010)

Rotaviruses (RV) are major causative agents of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) requiring hospitalization in children; RV hospitalizations may be largely eliminated by universal mass vaccination with RV vaccine. We conducted a hospital-based prospective survey of AGE in children over 2 RV epidemic seasons, from 2006 to 2008, when the coverage of RV vaccination in Finland increased to 35% of the birth cohort. RVs were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). In the first season, only 38% of AGE cases were RV-positive, and the onset of the RV season was delayed. Type G1P[8], RVs accounted for 40%, G2P[4] for 19%, G3P[8] for 2%, G4P[8] for 2% and G9P[8] for 38%. In the second season, 63% of AGE cases were RV-positive: G1P[8] accounted for 73%, G2P[4] for only 3%, G3P[8] for 4%, G4P[8] for 13%, and G9P[8] had almost disappeared. G2P[4] RV did not become predominant at the coverage level of 29% of G1P[8] human RV vaccine. RV-associated hospitalizations were seen in children up to the age of 9 y. This study forms the epidemiological background for the follow-up of the impact of universal RV vaccination in Finland introduced in 2009.
Manipulator-based grasping pose selection by means of task-objective optimisation (2010)

This paper presents an alternative to inverse kinematics for mobile manipulator grasp pose selection which integrates obstacle avoidance and joint limit checking into the pose selection process. Given the Cartesian coordinates of an object in 3D space and its normal vector, end-effector pose objectives including collision checking and joint limit checks are used to create a series of cost functions based on sigmoid functions. These functions are optimised using Levenberg-Marquardt's algorithm to determine a valid pose for a given object. The proposed method has been shown to extend the workspace of the manipulator, eliminating the need for precomputed grasp sets and post pose selection collision checking and joint limit checks. This method has been successfully used on a 6 DOF manipulator both in simulation and in the real world environment.
The preparation and reactions of carbonyl-stabilised ammonium ylides (1970)

R. W. Jemison, S. Mageswaran, W. D. Ollis, S. E. Potter, A. J. Pretty, I. O. Sutherland and Y. Thebtaranonth, J. Chem. Soc. D, 1970, 1201 DOI: 10.1039/C29700001201
On cytoadhesion of Plasmodium vivax: raison d'être? (2011)

It is generally accepted that Plasmodium vivax, the most widely distributed human malaria parasite, causes mild disease and that this species does not sequester in the deep capillaries of internal organs. Recent evidence, however, has demonstrated that there is severe disease, sometimes resulting in death, exclusively associated with P. vivax and that P. vivax-infected reticulocytes are able to cytoadhere in vitro to different endothelial cells and placental cryosections. Here, we review the scarce and preliminary data on cytoadherence in P. vivax, reinforcing the importance of this phenomenon in this species and highlighting the avenues that it opens for our understanding of the pathology of this neglected human malaria parasite.
Equilibrium Constants for Ionisation and Enolisation of 3-Nitrobutan-2-one (2000)

The equilibrium constant for the keto-enol tautomerism of 3-nitrobutan-2-one KT = [enol]/[ketone] has been measured in water as 4.57 × 10−3 (pKT = 2.34) by combining the rate constants for ketonisation of the enolate form and pKa of the ketone at 25 °C. The rates of ketonisation were measured by a rapid kinetic technique and the pKa was determined spectrophotometrically and potentiometrically as 5.15. A comparison with 2-butanone and acetone shows a strong influence of the nitro group in enhancing the acidity of the substrate and in stabilizing the enol relative to the keto tautomer. By means of semiempirical AM1 calculations, good correlations were found between the atomic charge on the acidic hydrogens and the pKa (in water at 25 °C) of both tautomeric forms for a number of simple ketones whose pKas and pKTs are available in the literature. The agreement of experimental acidity constants of the enol, pKaEH, the ketone, pKaKH, and the tautomeric constant, pKT, with predicted values is satisfactory.
Antiinflammatory Dialkylaminoalkylureas (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAntiinflammatory DialkylaminoalkylureasWilliam E. Coyne and John W. CusicCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1967, 10, 4, 541–546Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00316a009https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00316a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views138Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effect of different annealing temperatures and SiO<sub>2</sub>/Si(100) substrate on the properties of nickel containing titania thin sol–gel films (2012)

Abstract Nickel containing titania thin films have been prepared on SiO 2 /Si(100) substrate by using the sol–gel deposition and annealing in the air at 450–1150 °C. Several experimental techniques [atomic force microscopy (AFM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), X‐ray reflection (XRR), Raman spectroscopy, energy dispersive X‐ray analysis (EDX), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), UV–Vis spectroscopy and hydrophilicity measurements] have been applied to characterize these films. Further, the results of this study were compared to previously investigated nickel containing titania on HF‐etched Si(100) ( i.e . without oxide layer). The morphological and structural properties of nickel containing titania were found to be dependent on the kind of the substrate on which the films were prepared. The thin films deposited on SiO 2 /Si(100) substrate, compared to similar films on HF‐etched Si(100) substrate, were more uniform, did not contain large pores and had smaller RMS roughness, especially when annealed below 650 °C. Also films on SiO 2 /Si(100) substrate were more crystalline and anatase transformation to rutile phase occurred at 150 °C lower temperature. Nickel in the films appeared to be in the 2+ oxidation state. When films were annealed above 650 °C, nickel was found mainly in the NiTiO 3 crystallites. Nickel compounds segregated to the surface of the film, forming islands. Nickel addition red‐shifted the titania fundamental absorption edge further into the visible range. Films on both substrates demonstrated couple of tens of nanometers thick interlayer formation (between films and substrates) after annealing at 850 and 900 °C. We demonstrated that a well‐crystallined anatase was crucial for obtaining a good light‐induced hydrophilic nickel containing titania surface.
Lung Surfactants, Counterions, and Hysteresis (1965)

The wide hysteresis and low surface tension of lung extracts, as studied on a modified Langmuir-Wilhelmy surface balance, are dependent on the presence of subphase electrolytes. A possible mechanism for the hysteresis and its importance to the exchange of surfactants between the alveolar cell and the alveolar surface film are discussed.
Semiconstrained Primary and Revision Total Elbow Arthroplasty with Use of the Coonrad-Morrey Prosthesis (2007)

Background: Semiconstrained total elbow prostheses are used routinely by many surgeons to treat a variety of severe elbow disorders. Our objective was to review the results of primary and revision total elbow arthroplasty with use of the Coonrad-Morrey prosthesis. The selected use of this semiconstrained implant in patients with instability and poor bone stock was hypothesized to provide inferior results compared with those in the published reports. Methods: The results of sixty-seven semiconstrained total elbow arthroplasties that were performed in fifty-six patients between 1990 and 2003 were evaluated. Thirty-seven elbows had a primary arthroplasty and were followed for a mean of eighty-six months, and thirty elbows had a revision arthroplasty and were followed for a mean of sixty-eight months. Mayo elbow performance scores and radiographic analyses were used to assess the clinical results. Results: In the primary arthroplasty group, the average flexion improved from 116° to 135°; average extension, from –40° to –33°; average pronation, from 60° to 81°; and average supination, from 60° to 69°. The improvements in flexion and pronation were significant (p < 0.001 for both). Preoperatively, twenty-five (74%) of thirty-four elbows with data available had moderate or severe pain, whereas only four (11%) had pain postoperatively. The average postoperative Mayo score (and standard deviation) was 84 ± 16. Eleven of the thirty-seven primary replacements failed, and the five-year survival rate was 72%. In the revision arthroplasty group, average flexion improved from 124° to 131°; average extension, from –32° to –22°; average pronation, from 66° to 75°; and average supination, from 64° to 76°; the improvement in supination was significant (p < 0.05). Preoperatively, eighteen (64%) of the twenty-eight elbows with data available had moderate or severe pain, while only five (17%) had pain postoperatively. The average postoperative Mayo score was 85 ± 16. Eleven of the thirty revision replacements failed, and the five-year survival rate was 64%. Conclusions: A Coonrad-Morrey semiconstrained total elbow arthroplasty provides excellent pain relief and good functional return in patients with severe destructive arthropathy. The higher prevalence of failure in this cohort compared with series reported elsewhere is likely due to adverse patient selection as this implant was reserved for more complex arthroplasties with severe bone loss and ligamentous laxity. Level of Evidence: Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions to Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
530. Aconitum and delphinium alkaloids. Part I. The environment of the nitrogen atom in delpheline (1956)

The first page of this article is displayed as the abstract.
Heterogeneity of protein phosphorylation in metastatic variants of B16 melanoma. (1983)

The polypeptide and phosphoprotein profiles of a spectrum of B16 melanoma clones of defined metastatic potential have been analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. To accommodate the documented instability of metastatic properties in B16 clones, in vitro biochemical assays were always accompanied by in vivo assays of the metastatic behavior using replicate samples of the same clonal populations harvested on the same day. To exclude differences in polypeptide and phosphoprotein profiles resulting from inherent variation in electrophoretic measurements made at different times, polypeptides and phosphoproteins were analyzed in unison for every clone, and a series of clones was examined in parallel in each experiment. Also, samples were electrophoresed simultaneously using a custom-designed apparatus capable of accommodating 20 two-dimensional samples. When tested under these stringent conditions, the polypeptide profiles of B16 clones were indistinguishable. Significant qualitative and quantitative differences in phosphoprotein expression were detected in each clone, but no correlations were found between alterations in protein phosphorylation and metastatic potential. Over 200 discrete phosphoproteins were detected in each clone, but interclonal variation was confined to approximately 10 to 15 phosphoproteins. Expression of three phosphoproteins with the following molecular weights (in kilodaltons) and isoelectric points was strictly qualitative: pp96 (7.9); pp30 (8.2); and pp30 (8.8). In any given clone, they were present individually at equal intensities or were completely absent, but their expression was not coordinate. The data indicate that expression of polypeptide gene products is similar in B16 melanoma clones with widely differing metastatic abilities, but considerable clonal variability exists in posttranslational covalent modification of cell proteins. The possible contribution of protein phosphorylation and other posttranslational pathways in generating the extensive phenotypic heterogeneity observed in tumor cell subpopulations within the same tumor and in the rapid generation of new clonal variants with altered metastatic properties are discussed.
Adsorption-Induced Conformational Changes in Fibronectin Due to Interactions with Well-Defined Surface Chemistries (2003)

Protein adsorption onto synthetic materials influences cell adhesion and signaling events that direct cell function in numerous biomedical applications. Adsorption of fibronectin (FN) to different surfaces alters protein structure and modulates α5β1 integrin binding, cell adhesion, cell spreading, and cell migration. In the present study, self-assembled monolayers of alkanethiols on Au were used to analyze the effects of surface chemistry (CH3, OH, NH2, and COOH) on the adsorption of a recombinant fragment of FN, FNIII7-10, that incorporates both the synergy and RGD cell binding motifs. Surface chemistry potentiated differential FNIII7-10 adsorption kinetics and adsorbed structure as determined by surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy and antibody binding assays. FNIII7-10 functional activity, determined by cell adhesion strength, was modulated in a fashion consistent with these structural changes (OH = NH2 > COOH > CH3). However, these changes in protein parameters did not correlate simply to differences in surface hydrophobicity, indicating that additional surface parameters influence protein adsorption. These results demonstrate that surface chemistry modulates adsorbed protein structure and activity and establish a relationship between surface-dependent changes in structural domains of FNIII7-10 and functional activity.
Polygenic risk score identifies associations between sleep duration and diseases determined from an electronic medical record biobank (2018)

By validating the PRS for sleep duration and identifying cross-phenotype associations, we lay the groundwork for future investigations on the intersection between sleep, genetics, clinical measures, and diseases using large EMR datasets.
Individual Mice Can Be Distinguished by the Period of Their Islet Calcium Oscillations (2005)

Pulsatile insulin secretion in vivo is believed to be derived, in part, from the intrinsic glucose-dependent intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) pulsatility of individual islets. In isolation, islets display fast, slow, or mixtures of fast and slow [Ca2+]i oscillations. We show that the period of islet [Ca2+]i oscillations is unique to each mouse, with the islets from an individual mouse demonstrating similar rhythms to one another. Based on their rhythmic period, mice were broadly classified as being either fast (0.65 +/- 0.1 min; n = 6 mice) or slow (4.7 +/- 0.2 min; n = 15 mice). To ensure this phenomenon was not an artifact of islet-to-islet communication, we confirmed that islets cultured in isolation (period: 2.9 +/- 0.1 min) were not statistically different from islets cultured together from the same mouse (3.1 +/- 0.1 min, P > 0.52, n = 5 mice). We also compared pulsatile insulin patterns measured in vivo with islet [Ca2+]i patterns measured in vitro from six mice. Mice with faster insulin pulse periods corresponded to faster islet [Ca2+]i patterns, whereas slower insulin patterns corresponded to slower [Ca2+]i patterns, suggesting that the insulin rhythm of each mouse is preserved to some degree by its islets in vitro. We propose that individual mice have characteristic oscillatory [Ca2+]i patterns, which are imprinted in vivo through an unknown mechanism.
Nanolithography by high energy electron beam (1988)

The theoretical advantages of high energy beam (E0 = 100 keV) in electron lithography in the nanometer range (< 0.1 μm) are discussed. Using a Monte Carlo model, the different contributions at energy deposit in the PMMA resist are separated and the influence of each of them on the final resolution is analysed.