gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Temporal Bone Histopathology Related to Cochlear Implantation in Congenital Malformation of the Bony Cochlea (2002)

A shortened cochlear duct may cause an incomplete insertion of the implant electrode. Because dimensions of the facial recesses are similar to normal cases, a facial recess surgical approach is recommended. An enlarged cochlear aqueduct may cause perilymphatic oozing or gushing on fenestration of the cochlea. An anomalous course of the facial nerve is a common finding. Tympanic malformations such as round and oval window deformities and small middle ear cleft should be noted preoperatively to better guide surgery.
Geschäftsmodell für den Betrieb von Pools modularer Sonderladungsträger (2012)

Kurzfassung Der Einsatz von modularen Sonderladungsträgern verändert die Prozesse entlang der logistischen Kette und eröffnet neue Marktpotenziale für Logistikdienstleister. Um diese erschließen zu können, wurde am Werkzeugmaschinenlabor WZL der RWTH Aachen im Forschungsprojekt „LoEMoS – Logistikeffizienz durch modulare Sonderladungsträger“ ein neues Geschäftsmodell für den Pool-Betrieb modularer Sonderladungsträger entwickelt. Im Artikel werden die drei Kernelemente des Geschäftsmodells dargestellt: das Nutzenversprechen, die Architektur der Leistungserstellung und das Ertragsmodell.
A framework for cooperative localization in ultra-wideband wireless networks (2007)

Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2007.
Implications of Berthlot`s descriptive of associative reactions (1996)

Berthelot`s equation, k{sub {infinity}}(T) = A{sub {infinity}} exp (-Dk{sub B}T), provides a good description of the high-pressure rate coefficient for associative reactions such as CH{sub 3} + CH{sub 3}, CH{sub 3} + OH, and CH{sub 3} + H. The parameter D may be used to characterize an effective temperature-dependent barrier, {Delta}E{sub eff} = Dk{sub B}{sup 2}T{sup 2}, which is due to the internal energy, i.e. rotational and vibrational energy, or the centrifugal barrier of the associating species. The parameter A{sub {infinity}} may be identified as the rate coefficient for association when the species approach one another with zero translational and internal energy. A microcanonical rate expression is given which may be used to directly compare experimental results with theoretical calculations. In addition, this approach suggests that the Arrhenius expression for the high-pressure rate coefficient for dissociation should contain both the change of enthalpy of the reaction and this effective barrier.
Multiple comparison of several antiarrhythmic agents by acute oral drug testing in patients with chronic ventricular arrhythmias (1988)

This study addresses the question of the choice of treatment for the individual patient with chronic ventricular arrhythmias. Acute oral drug testing offers a pragmatic approach to the rapid selection of the drug with the best efficacy/side-effect ratio by allowing multiple comparisons within the same patient. Forty patients with chronic ventricular arrhythmias received a single oral dose of the following antiarrhythmic drugs: flecainide 200 mg, propafenone 450 mg, disopyramide 300 mg, mexiletine 400 mg, tocainide 800 mg, verapamil 160 mg, propranolol 120 mg. Criteria for efficacy were suppression of complex ventricular arrhythmias and a greater than 90% reduction in premature ventricular beats lasting for at least 2 h. An antiarrhythmic effect was achieved with each of the drugs in the following percentages of patients: flecainide 69.4%, propafenone 67.5%, disopyramide 54.8%, mexiletine 45.2%, tocainide 31.3%, verapamil 31.3%, propranolol 12.5%. In no case was worsening of arrhythmia observed. At the end of the acute testing phase, the drug that had proved most effective in each patient was administered at a full dosage for 72 h. A concordant response between the two phases was observed in 80% of patients and was as high as 89% when the analysis was limited to flecainide and propafenone. This study shows the feasibility and practical advantages for patient management of a multiple comparison of antiarrhythmic drugs by acute oral drug testing. It also provides, in a non-invasive cost-effective manner, unique insights into the complex relationship between drug characteristics, individual responses and clinical efficacy.
The Dependency of Penetration on the Momentum Per Unit Area of the Impacting Projectile and the Resistance of Materials to Penetration (1960)

The results of this investigation indicate that the penetration of projectiles into quasi-infinite targets can be correlated as a function of the maximum momentum per unit area possessed by the projectiles. The penetration of projectiles into aluminum, copper, and steel targets was found to be a linear function while the penetration into lead targets was a nonlinear function of the momentum per unit area of the impacting projectiles. Penetration varied inversely as the projectile density and the elastic modulus of the target material for a given projectile momentum per unit area. Crater volumes were found to be a linear function of the kinetic energy of the projectile, the greater volumes being obtained in the target materials which had the lowest yield strength and the lowest speed of sound.
Effects of aortic pressure and vasoactive agents on the vascular resistance of the vasa vasorum in canine isolated thoracic aorta. (1992)

1. We have developed a new preparation for continuously measuring changes in vascular resistance of the vasa vasorum of the canine isolated thoracic aorta perfused at a constant flow rate with Krebs-bicarbonate solution. 2. An increase of more than 150 mmHg in aortic pressure caused a significant increase in the vascular resistance of the vasa vasorum. 3. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), noradrenaline (NA), adrenaline and dopamine caused dose-dependent increases in the vascular resistance of the vasa vasorum. The decreasing order of potency in the vasoconstrictor responses was as follows: 5-HT >> NA = adrenaline >> dopamine. The 5-HT- and adrenaline-induced vasoconstrictor responses were inhibited by methysergide and by phentolamine plus propranolol, respectively. 4. Acetylcholine (ACh), isoprenaline (ISP), histamine (His), ATP, ADP and adenosine produced dose-related decreases in the vascular resistance of aortic vasa vasorum perfused with the Krebs solution containing 10(-5) M-NA. The decreasing order of potency in the response was as follows: ACh = ISP > His >> adenosine = ATP = ADP. The ACh-, ISP- and His-induced vasodilator responses were antagonized by atropine, propranolol and famotidine, respectively. 5. The results suggest that the preparation described is useful for studying the regulation of vascular resistance of aortic vasa vasorum and that aortic pressure and vasoactive compounds may directly regulate the vascular resistance of the vasa vasorum in canine isolated thoracic aorta.
Quantitative Evaluation of Relationship between Coke Strength and Pore Structure (2010)

Coke strength is mainly determined by pores and cracks that cause fracture of coke. In this study, connected pores that were considered to cause fracture of coke were investigated. In order to evaluate connected pores quantitatively, low roundness pores (whose roundness were below 0.2) were measured by image analysis technique of microscopic photographs of cokes. The relationship between the amount of low roundness pores and coke strength (DI1506) showed a good correlation. It is thought that the amount of low roundness pores is one of the factors determining coke strength.
Rates of Solvolysis of Phenyldimethylcarbinyl Chlorides Containing Meta Directing Substituents<sup>1,2</sup> (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRates of Solvolysis of Phenyldimethylcarbinyl Chlorides Containing Meta Directing Substituents1,2Y. Okamoto, T. Inukai, and Herbert C. BrownCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 18, 4969–4972Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1958https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01551a052Request reuse permissionsArticle Views252Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (473 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Synthetic anthracyclines: Total synthesis of D-ring pyridine and pyrazine analogues of 11-deoxydaunomycin. (1991)

Treatment of sodium salts generated from tetrahydrohomophthalic anhydrides (6a, b) with 5, 8-dihydro-5, 8-dioxoquinoline (9) gave cycloadducts (7 and 8), regioselectively. These adducts were converted to the D-ring pyridine analogue (21) of 11-deoxydaunomycin. The D-ring pyrazine analogue (27) of 11-deoxydaunomycin was also prepared by a similar method.
Generalized Ginzburg-Landau theory of pseudo-one-dimensional systems (1975)

A generalized Ginzburg-Landau theory is suggested to describe the phase transition of an array of weakly coupled pseudo-one-dimensional chains. Using a mean-field approximation, the coupled-chain problem is reduced to that of a single chain in an effective field. The finite-range correlations which develop along the chain are treated using exact one-dimensional solutions. The results obtained are then used to construct a generalized Ginzburg-Landau theory. We argue that this approach provides a means of treating the remaining slowly varying long-range fluctuations. Results are given for a variety of arrays consisting of Ising, classical Heisenberg, real and complex ${\ensuremath{\psi}}^{4}$ chains.
BETASCAN: Probable β-amyloids Identified by Pairwise Probabilistic Analysis (2009)

Amyloids and prion proteins are clinically and biologically important beta-structures, whose supersecondary structures are difficult to determine by standard experimental or computational means. In addition, significant conformational heterogeneity is known or suspected to exist in many amyloid fibrils. Recent work has indicated the utility of pairwise probabilistic statistics in beta-structure prediction. We develop here a new strategy for beta-structure prediction, emphasizing the determination of beta-strands and pairs of beta-strands as fundamental units of beta-structure. Our program, BETASCAN, calculates likelihood scores for potential beta-strands and strand-pairs based on correlations observed in parallel beta-sheets. The program then determines the strands and pairs with the greatest local likelihood for all of the sequence's potential beta-structures. BETASCAN suggests multiple alternate folding patterns and assigns relative a priori probabilities based solely on amino acid sequence, probability tables, and pre-chosen parameters. The algorithm compares favorably with the results of previous algorithms (BETAPRO, PASTA, SALSA, TANGO, and Zyggregator) in beta-structure prediction and amyloid propensity prediction. Accurate prediction is demonstrated for experimentally determined amyloid beta-structures, for a set of known beta-aggregates, and for the parallel beta-strands of beta-helices, amyloid-like globular proteins. BETASCAN is able both to detect beta-strands with higher sensitivity and to detect the edges of beta-strands in a richly beta-like sequence. For two proteins (Abeta and Het-s), there exist multiple sets of experimental data implying contradictory structures; BETASCAN is able to detect each competing structure as a potential structure variant. The ability to correlate multiple alternate beta-structures to experiment opens the possibility of computational investigation of prion strains and structural heterogeneity of amyloid. BETASCAN is publicly accessible on the Web at http://betascan.csail.mit.edu.
Biodegradation of Nitroaromatic Compounds and Explosives (2000)

Filled with practical applications and research, Biodegradation of Nitroaromatic Compounds and Explosives presents an international perspective on environmental contamination from explosives. It covers biodegradation strategies for DNT and a wide variety of other nitroaromatic compounds of environmental significance and makes the information access
Fe-(Cr,Mo)-(C,B)-Tm Bulk Metallic Glasses with High Strength and High Glass-Forming Ability (2006)

The glass-forming ability and mechanical properties of (Fe,Co)-(Cr,Mo)-(C,B)-Tm glassy alloys have been investigated. The (Fe,Co)48Cr15Mo14C15B6Tm2 glassy alloys were prepared in a cylindrical form with a diameter of 10 mm. These alloys have high glass forming ability (GFA) enough to produce a single glassy rods with a diameter above 10 mm. The largest supercooled liquid region before crystallization in (Fe1−xCox)48Cr15Mo14C15B6Tm2 alloys is 90 K for Co48Cr15Mo14C15B6Tm2. These glassy alloys have high fracture strength of over 4100 MPa for the entire composition range and the strength level is almost independent of Co content. The high GFA is attributed to the retardation of precipitation of the crystallized phases caused by the formation of the stabilized glassy local structure in which short-range ordered trigonal prisms are connected through glue effect of Tm element. The combination of high strength and high glass-forming ability indicates high possibility of applying the (Fe,Co)-(Cr,Mo)-(C,B)-Tm glassy alloys to various industrial materials.
ChemInform Abstract: ENOLESTER 15. MITT. SYNTH. STERISCH GEHINDERTER ESTER UEBER ISOPROPENYLESTER‐ZWISCHENSTUFEN (1973)

Abstract Die sterisch gehinderte Carbonsäure (I) liefert mit Propin (II) in Gegenwart von Zinkoxid die Isopropenyl‐ester (III), der mit den Alkoholen (IV) glatt in Gegenwart von Säure zu den Estern (V) und Aceton (VI) reagiert.
Interferometer for testing in vibration environments (2002)

Temporal phase shifting interferometers require a stable environment during the data acquisition, so that well controlled phase steps can be introduced between successively acquired interferograms. In contrast, single-frame interferometers need to acquire only one interferogram to provide a phase map with very good precision at high spatial resolution. Thus these interferometers are well suited for the interferometric testing of large optics with long radius of curvature for which vibration isolation is difficult, e.g. testing astronomical telescope mirrors in a test tower, or testing space optics inside a cryogenic vacuum chamber. This paper describes the Instantaneous Phase Interferometer (IPI) by ADE Phase Shift, together with measurement results at NASA. The IPI consists of a polarization Twyman-Green interferometer operating at 632.8nm, with single-frame phase acquisition based on a spatial carrier technique. The spatial carrier fringes are generated by introducing large amount of tilt between the test beam and the reference beam. The phase information of the optical surface under test is encoded in the straightness of the interference fringes, which can be detected in a single frame with spatial sampling of 1000x1000 pixels. Measurements taken at the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center in support of the characterization of developmental optics for the Next Generation Space Telescope are presented. Such tests consist of a mirror placed inside a cryogenic vacuum chamber, with the IPI placed outside the test chamber without any additional vibration isolation.
High dose intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in burn patients (1988)

Depressed serum immunoglobulin levels following severe burns may lead to subsequent infectious complications following such injuries. In a randomized study we administered multiple doses of Sandoglobulin (500 mg/kg) or albumin intravenously to patients with severe burn injuries and closely monitored serum IgG levels. Patients who received IgG therapy had earlier return of normal serum IgG levels compared to control patients; however, control patients attained normal IgG levels during the second postburn week. Serum half-lives of IgG following infusions were remarkably short (means, 47 hours for infusions within 3 days of injury and 154 hours for infusions in the third postburn week); Sandoglobulin has been reported to have approximately a 21-day half-life in normal individuals. We also measured the opsonic capacity of postburn serum, using fluorescein-labeled microbes and flow cytometry; we identified postburn opsonic defects with certain of the organisms as late as 15 days postinjury, even though serum IgG levels had normalized. These defects were corrected by the in vitro addition of Sandoglobulin to the incubation mixture.
Multiscale electronic transport in Li1+xNi1/3−uCo1/3−vMn1/3−wO2: a broadband dielectric study from 40 Hz to 10 GHz (2013)

This work is the first detailed study concerning the multiscale electronic transport and its temperature dependence in the LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 (NMC) family, high-capacity electrode materials for lithium ion batteries. Powders with two different mean cluster sizes (3 μm and 10 μm) but the same particle sizes (0.4 to 1.3 μm) were measured. The detailed formula of the studied compound is Li1.04Ni(2+)0.235Ni(3+)0.09Mn(4+)0.315Co(3+)0.32O2. Different electrical relaxations are evidenced, resulting from the polarizations at the different scales of the powder architecture. When the frequency increases, three dielectric relaxations are detected in the following order due to: (a) space-charge polarization (low-frequency range) owing to the interface between the sample and the conductive metallic layer deposited on it; (b) polarization of NMC clusters (micronic scale) induced by the existence of resistive junctions between them; and (c) polarization of NMC particles (at sub-micronic scale) induced by resistive junctions between them. High interatomic level conductivity of about 20 S m(-1) was evidenced and attributed to the contribution of the extended states and to a Brownian motion of the charge carriers with mean free path similar to the lattice constant. The ratio between sample and local conductivity is more than 10(5). The large conductivity drop of 3 to 4 orders of magnitude is observed from the particle to the cluster scale. A very large number of charge carriers are blocked by the interparticle junctions within the clusters. The conductivity drop from the cluster to the sample scale is comparatively very small, owing to the dense architecture of the NMC sample in which the spherical clusters are very piled up on each other.
<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Sn</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mprescripts/><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow><mml:mn>119</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow/></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:mrow></mml:math>Mössbauer-effect studies in Heusler alloys<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Pd</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mi>z</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Mn</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Sb</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Sn</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>—Compositional and heat-treatment effects (1978)

M\"ossbauer-effect experiments on samples of ${\mathrm{Pd}}_{2}$Mn${\mathrm{Sb}}_{0.99}$${\mathrm{Sn}}_{0.01}$ performed systematically as a function of heat treatment have revealed the existence of three $^{119}\mathrm{Sn}$ magnetic field sites characterized by high-, intermediate-, and low-field values. A high-field site of 210\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5 kOe is identified with Sn replacing Sb in the ordered $L{2}_{1}$ structure of ${\mathrm{Pd}}_{2}$MnSb. An intermediate-field site of about 100 kOe is identified with a defect Sn environment which probably consists of 4 Pd vacancies in the near-neighbor coordination of the regular high-field site. The identification of the intermediate-field site is suggested by a set of measurements performed as a function of Pd composition $z$ in ${\mathrm{Pd}}_{1+x}\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{Sb}}_{0.995}{\mathrm{Sn}}_{0.005}$ samples, which revealed the Sn field in the $C{1}_{b}$ structure of PdMnSb to be 100 kOe. Finally, a low-field site (\ensuremath{\sim}0 kOe) is observed on prolonged annealing ${\mathrm{Pd}}_{2}$Mn${\mathrm{Sb}}_{0.99}$${\mathrm{Sn}}_{0.01}$ samples. This site is shown to be formed irreversibly due to the presence of oxygen contamination and represents a defect Sn site whose structure is less certain. The $^{119}\mathrm{Sn}$ field results in PdMnSb and ${\mathrm{Pd}}_{2}$MnSb hosts are compared with estimates of these fields based on the Jena-Geldart model.
Space-time diversity applied to single-user environments and MIMO transmission channels (2002)

This paper presents a closed solution to the problem of designing a single-user communication system considering the use of space-time diversity at both the transmitter and receiver sides, that is, a Multi-Input-Multi-Output (MIMO) structure. Three different design criteria and algorithms are considered: Matched-Desired Impulse Response, Minimum Mean Square Error and Zero Forcing. A technique for synthesizing and designing FIR filters based on frequency domain specifications and a minimum square error criterion is also presented. The time response design of the spatio-temporal filters exploits the phase of the frequency responses, which is a degree of freedom of the problem. Some simulations and results are also presented so as to evaluate the performance of the proposed techniques.
Hormone binding to the thyroid hormone receptor (1996)

twitchin (B) containing the autoinhibited kinase domain and a Cterminal Ig-like domain shows that the Ig-like domain extends from the kinase domain opposite to the active site and exposes possible myosin interacting surfaces. Our studies of the regulation and domain architecture of giant protein kinases jointly with an analysis of autoinhibitory sequences of other autoinhibited kinases point to possible common and diverse features of the intrasteric regulatory mechanisms.
Deep x-ray lithography based processing for micromechanics (1995)

Deep x-ray lithography based fabrication provides a means to fabricate microactuators with useful output forces. High energy x-ray exposure provides a tool for fabrication of the next generation of precision engineered components. Device characterization, materials science, an metrology continue to pose challenges at this scale.