gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3050: Human rectal carcinoid tumors highly express DCLK1, a putative cancer stem cell marker (2014)

Abstract Background and Aim: Doublecortin-like kinase 1 (Dclk1) is known to regulate neuronal differentiation, migration, and neurogenesis (Shu et al., Neuron 2006). Accumulating evidence suggests that the protein is a putative marker for intestinal and pancreatic stem cells, including cancer stem cells (CSCs) of those organs (Gagliardi et al., Pathol Res 2012, Nakanishi et al., Nat Genet 2013, Bailey et al., Gastroenterology 2013). Since carcinoid tumor is defined as a neuroendocrine tumor, we assessed whether or not the Dclk1 protein, a marker of CSC, was expressed in human rectal carcinoid tumor tissues. Patients and Methods: Eighteen patients (9 male, 9 female; mean age, 51) with rectal carcinoid tumors were included in this study. Informed consent was obtained from all of the patients. The tumors were safely resected by endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) method between 2003 and 2012 in the Kurume University Hospital. Mean diameter of the tumors was 5.4 mm (range, 2.0-8.0 mm). Immunohistochemical staining was performed to examine the Dclk1 protein expression, accompanied by the staining for the commonly-used neuroendocrine markers synaptophysin, chromogranin A, and CD56. The immune-reactivity was evaluated according to the following criteria: the intensity of staining was scored in each specimen on a scale of 0 to 3, in which 0 = negative staining, 1 = weakly positive staining, 2 = moderately positive staining, and 3 = strongly positive staining. The extent to which positive cells were seen in each specimen (‘‘extent of distribution’’ of positive cells) was estimated on a scale of 0 to 2, in which 0 = positive staining in 0% to 20% of cells; 1, in 21% to 60%; and 2, in 61% to 100%. Sum of the scores was calculated for each specimen. Results: The total score for Dclk1, synaptophysin, CD56, and chromogranin A was 87/90, 86/90, 60/90, and 34/90, respectively. Conclusions: Human rectal caricinoid tumor highly expressed Dclk1, and the high expression rate indicated that the protein expression was a novel feature for the neuroendocrine tumor. It is suggested that Dclk1 is a potential marker of not only CSCs but also non-epithelial tumors, such as carcinoid tumor, regulating crucial tumor cell behaviors. Citation Format: Yu Ikezono, Hironori Koga, Mitsuhiko Abe, Takafumi Yoshida, Toru Nakamura, Jun Akiba, Hirohisa Yano, Osamu Tsuruta, Takuji Torimura, Michio Sata. Human rectal carcinoid tumors highly express DCLK1, a putative cancer stem cell marker. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3050. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3050
Developing and Testing a Personalized, Evidence-Based, Shared Decision-Making Tool for Stent Selection in Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Using a Pre-Post Study Design (2019)

Background Drug-eluting stents reduce the risk of restenosis in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, but their use necessitates prolonged dual antiplatelet therapy, which increases costs and bleeding risk, and which may delay elective surgeries. While >80% of patients in the United States receive drug-eluting stents, less than a third report that their physicians discussed options with them. Methods and Results An individualized shared decision-making (SDM) tool for stent selection was designed and implemented at 2 US hospitals. In the postimplementation phase, all patients received the SDM tool before their procedure, with or without decision coaching from a trained nurse. All patients were interviewed with respect to their knowledge of stents, their participation in SDM, and their stent preference. Between May 2014 and December 2016, 332 patients not receiving the SDM tool, 113 receiving the SDM tool with coaching, and 136 receiving the tool without coaching were interviewed. Patients receiving the SDM tool + coaching, as compared with usual care, demonstrated higher knowledge scores (mean difference +1.8; P<0.001), reported more frequent participation in SDM (odds ratio=2.96; P<0.001), and were more likely to state a stent preference (odds ratio=2.00; P<0.001). No significant differences were observed between the use of the SDM tool without coaching and usual care. For patients who voiced a stent preference, concordance between stent desired and stent received was 98% for patients who preferred a drug-eluting stent and 50% for patients who preferred a bare metal stent. The SDM tool (with or without coaching) had no impact on stent selection or concordance. Conclusions An SDM tool for stent selection was associated with improvements in patient knowledge and SDM only when accompanied by decision coaching. However, the SDM tool (with or without coaching) had no impact on stent selection or concordance between patients' stent preference and stent received, suggesting that physician-level barriers to SDM may exist. Clinical Trial Information URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique Identifier: NCT02046902.
Initial Cracking Prevention Technique in Lining Concrete (2005)

二次覆工コンクリートの剥落事故以来, 覆工コンクリートの竣工時のひび割れ検査が一般化し, 初期ひび割れが問題となるケースが増えている。覆工コンクリートの耐久性確保のたあには, 初期ひび割れをできる限り抑制することが望まれる。ジェオフロンテ研究会「覆工コンクリートワーキンググループ」では, 平成14年より2年間にわたってNATMにおける覆工コンクリートに発生する初期ひび割れを対象に, ひび割れ調査データ (1418ブロック) を用いて統計的処理を行い, 初期ひび割れの発生原因について検討した。さらに検討結果に基づき覆工コンクリートに適した配合, 施工方法を提案したので, その概要について解説する。
Super-Resolution Fluorescence of Huntingtin Reveals Growth of Globular Species into Short Fibers and Coexistence of Distinct Aggregates (2014)

Polyglutamine-expanded huntingtin, the protein encoded by HTT mutations associated with Huntington's disease, forms aggregate species in vitro and in vivo. Elucidation of the mechanism of growth of fibrillar aggregates from soluble monomeric protein is critical to understanding the progression of Huntington's disease and to designing therapeutics for the disease, as well as for aggregates implicated in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. We used the technique of multicolor single-molecule, super-resolution fluorescence imaging to characterize the growth of huntingtin exon 1 aggregates. The huntingtin exon 1 aggregation followed a pathway from exclusively spherical or globular species of ∼80 nm to fibers ∼1 μm in length that increased in width, but not length, over time with the addition of more huntingtin monomers. The fibers further aggregated with one another into aggregate assemblies of increasing size. Seeds created by sonication, which were comparable in shape and size to the globular species in the pathway, were observed to grow through multidirectional elongation into fibers, suggesting a mechanism for growth of globular species into fibers. The single-molecule sensitivity of our approach made it possible to characterize the aggregation pathway across a large range of size scales, from monomers to fiber assemblies, and revealed the coexistence of different aggregate species (globular species, fibers, fiber assemblies) even at late time points.
Ultra-broad band fiber optical parametric amplifiers pumped by chirped pulses. Part2: sub-30 fs pulse amplification at high gain (2015)

International audience
The Influence of Topology and Glycosylation on the Fate of Heterologous Secretory Proteins Made in <i>Xenopus</i> Oocytes (1981)

Secretory proteins made in Xenopus laevis oocytes under the direction of heterologous messenger RNA are modified, topologically segregated and exported. Thus the oocyte may serve as a useful surrogate secretory system and we have studied some of the factors governing access to the export pathway. Unglycosylated chicken ovalbumin, synthesized and trapped in the cytosol, is not secreted but glycosylated ovalbumin, found sequestered within vesicles, is exported from oocytes. However, ovalbumin, which is transferred across the endoplasmic reticulum in the presence of tunicamycin and which is indistinguishable by immunoprecipitation, by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and by concanavalin-A--Sepharose binding from the cytosolic form, is still secreted. Guinea-pig milk proteins and human interferon are also exported from tunicamycin-treated frog cells. These observations demonstrate that access to the endoplasmic reticulum but not glycosylation is a mandatory intermediate step in secretion, and emphasize the advantages of the oocyte as a surrogate system for the study of the later events in the gene expression pathway.
Nd:YAG laser beam diagnostics (1981)

A program to develop diagnostic techniques for pulsed Nd:YAG lasers for welding is described, and problems encountered when deviations from ideal optical collimation are incorporated within a welding system are discussed. Ideal optical collimation of a laser beam is defined, the diagnostic system is described, and the SNLA welding system is discussed.
Land Use Influence of Characteristics of Groundwater Inputs to the Great Bay Estuary, New Hampshire (2004)

This research examines the sources and factors affecting nutrient-laden groundwater discharge to the Great Bay Estuary. To further understand this relationship, examination of groundwater residence time, a review of historic land uses, and nitrate source tracking strategies were used. Seven submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) sites were selected, and groundwater monitoring networks were installed to examine the relationship between land use and groundwater quality at the discharge zones. Field activities were performed in the summer and fall of 2003 and 2004. Estuarine water intrusion in groundwater discharge samples confounded the analyses for major ion chemistry and boron isotopes. CFC-derived and modeled groundwater ages in the study area averaged 23.2 years (±15.0 years). CFC analysis enabled correlation of nitrate concentrations at the SGD sites with the historic land use coverage for the years 1974 (for most of the sites) or 1962 (SGD 58.4). Two types of correlation were made: 1) between the agricultural and residential land use for all observed nitrate concentrations in the recharge areas, and 2) correlation with the nitrate concentrations between developed and undeveloped land uses. Both statistical correlations (Kendall’s Tau and Spearman’s Rho) indicated a connection between the increase of residential land use of the last three decades with the high nitrate-bearing groundwater discharging to the Great Bay (NH). The geochemical composition of the SGD water was also investigated by using simple mixing models that attempted to explain the water chemistry characteristics of the targeted SGD sites. Based on these models it was concluded that overburden groundwater comprises 75% to 95% of the groundwater discharging at the SGD sites. A significant correlation (Tau’s, p=0.021) between nitrate-bearing groundwater and CFCderived groundwater ages was detected supporting the hypothesis that high nitrate bearing groundwater will be discharged to the Great Bay in the near future accounting for the increase of residential land use of 1990’s. Continuous monitoring of SGD sites was suggested to be included as part of the periodic environmental quality monitoring activities of the Great Bay. Long-term step-wise sampling for groundwater dating is required to develop a stronger chronological evolution of groundwater nitrate inputs. Further research should concentrate on detailing the overburden water chemistry, flow paths, and nitrogen loading characteristics.
Behavior of Geotextile Tube Composite Structure by 2-D Limit Equilibrium and Plane Strain Analysis (2006)

The geotextile have been used in filtration and drainage for over 30 years in many applications of civil and environmental projects. Geotextile tube is compound technology of filtration and drainage property of geotextile. Geotextile have been used for various types of containers, such as small hand-filled sandbags, 3-dimensional fabric forms for concrete paste, large soil and aggregate filled geotextile gabion, prefabricated hydraulically filled containers, and other innovative systems involving containment of soils using geotextile. They are hydraulically filled with dredged materials. It have been applied in coastal protection and scour protection, dewatering method of slurry, and isolation of contaminated material. Recently, geotextile tube technology is no longer alternative construction technique but suitable desired solution. This paper presents the behavior of geotextile tube composite structure by 2-D limit equilibrium and plane strain analysis. 2-D limit equilibrium analysis was performed to evaluate the stability of geotextile tube composite structure for the lateral load and also the plane strain analysis was conducted to determine the design and construction factors. Based on the results of this paper, the three types of geotextile tube composite structure is stable. And the optimum tensile strength of geotextile is 151kN/m and maximum pumping pressure is 22.7kN/m.
COSTaM : tool design for a controlled tactile stimulation (2014)

Tactile stimulation is used in the rehabilitation of damage to the central or peripheral nervous system and in brain injury recovery. Tactile deficits of the hand are currently diagnosed through the evaluation of pain thresholds, spatial discrimination, vibration sensitivity and by using filaments or tuning forks, without truly established protocols. The global goal of the COSTaM project is to develop a tactile stimulator to identify tactile disorders and allow specific rehabilitation. The first step is to study the response of healthy individuals to complex textures in different ways : perceptive discrimination, study of friction and vibration between textures and the finger and the response of each kind of cutaneous mechanoreceptor. Three kinds of real textures have been chosen: relief, braking and fibrous. The use of a tactile stimulator, based on the modulation of the coefficient of friction with the finger, has been validated for the simulation of the braking descriptor.
Tunable metamaterials for optimization of wireless power transfer systems (2015)

Metamaterials (MMs) have been proposed to improve the performance of wireless power transfer (WPT) systems. The performance of identical unit cells having the same transmitter and receiver self-resonance is presented in the literature. This paper presents the optimization of tunable MM for performance improvement in WPT systems. Furthermore, a figure of merit (FOM) is proposed for the optimization of WPT systems with MMs. It is found that both transferred power and power transfer efficiency can be improved significantly by using the proposed FOM and tunable MM, particularly under misaligned conditions.
Transverse beam break-up study of SNS SC linac (2002)

Numerical simulation indicates that cumulative beam breakup (BBU) instability is not a concern to the SNS SC linac. First, simulation is carried out for the CW operation mode where the driving harmonics are those with frequency multiples of bunch frequency 402.5 MHz. Even when the median HOM frequency is exactly on resonance with multiples of bunch frequency of 402.5 MHz, the cavity-to-cavity HOM frequency spread can ensure operation of the linac. Second, in the case of the pulsed operation mode, additional driving harmonics of 1 MHz and 60 Hz are added on top of those of the CW mode. The shunt impedance of these additional modes is relatively small. BBU is not a concern also for pulsed mode operation, as is verified for a few most dangerous modes. More systematic analysis of BBU of pulsed mode operation is done by Sundelin et al. and presented at this conference.
Kumulierte Ylide, III <sup>1)</sup> Michael‐Addition von Carbonylverbindungen an (Diäthoxy‐vinyliden)triphenylphosphoran. Eine Synthesemöglichkeit für γ,δ‐ungesättigte 1,3‐Dicarbonylverbindungen (1976)

(Diäthoxyvinyliden)triphenylphosphoran (1) reagiert mit Carbonylverbindungen 2, die in α-Stellung eine CH2-Gruppe traten, unter Michael-Addition und anschließender Abspaltung von Äthanol zu den Phosphoranen 5. Die Witting-Reaktion von 5 mit Aldehyden 9 führt zu Enoläthern 10, deren Spaltung mit Säuren γ,δ-ungesättigte 1,3-Dicarbonylverbindungen 11 oder 2,3-Dihydro-4-pyrone 14 liefert. Die Verbindungen 14 werden durch äthanolische Kaliumhydroxidlösungen in 11 verwandelt. Cumulated Ylids, III1) Michael Addition of Carbonyl Compounds to (Diethoxyvinylidene)triphenylphosphorane. A Synthesis of γ, δ-Unsaturated 1,3-Dicarbonyl Compounds and their Enol Ethers. (Diethoxyvinylidene)triphenylphosphorane (1) reacts with carbonyl compounds 2, carrying a CH2-group in α-position, in a Michael addition-type reaction followed by elemination of ethanol to give the phosphoranes 5. Wittig reaction of 5 with aldehydes leads to the enol ethers 10. Treatment of 10 with acids gives rise to γ, δ-unsaturated 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds 11 or 2,3-dihydro-4-pyrones 14. With ethanolic potassiumhydroxide solution the compounds 14 are converted into 11.
exo/endoPreferences of Double Bonds in Three-Membered Ring Compounds − The Bias Toward Endocyclic Unsaturation in 3-Alkyl- and 3-Amino-2H-azirines: A Theoretical and Experimental Study (2002)

Irradiation of the amino-4H-1,2,3-triazoles 7 (λ ⩾ 280 nm) affords molecular nitrogen and 3-amino-2H-azirines 8 in high yields. As shown on the basis of spectroscopic evidence, the photoproduct of 7a exists exclusively as 3-amino-2H-azirine 8a rather than in an equilibrium with the hypothetical iminoaziridine 10. Ab initio quantum chemical calculations up to the Gaussian-3 level were performed for pairs of 3-substituted 2H-azirines (1a, 3a, 5)/aziridines (2, 4, 6) and 1-substituted cyclopropenes (11, 13, 15)/cyclopropanes with exocyclic double bonds (12, 14, 16). The G3 energies of acyclic pairs of tautomers 17−22 and other compounds were calculated for comparison. Ring strain was assessed with the help of two groups of homodesmotic reactions involving either hydrogen transfer (Equations 1−4) or exchange of carbon for nitrogen (Equations 5−7). In the cyclopropane series, relative ring strain and the stabilities of the functional groups both favour the same tautomer. The strain in aziridines − and in 2H-azirines in particular − is lower than in the corresponding cyclopropanes. This is the reason why the relative stabilities of the functional groups present in the N-heterocycles outweigh differences in strain that may be caused by the endo- or exocyclic location of the double bonds. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2002)
Active Reaction Sites for Oxygen Reduction in La0.9Sr0.1MnO3 /  YSZ  Electrodes (1995)

Active reaction sites for 02 reduction in La0.~Sr01MnO3 electrode have been characterized by addressing the origin of\nthe cathodic polarization effects on this electrode material. Cathodic polarization (up to - 1.2 V vs. Pt reference electrode}\nhad several effects on O2 reduction kinetics. First, the O2 reduction rate was favorably increased when the perovskite\nelectrode was cathodically polarized. Second, in situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results indicated that the Mn ions\nare electrochemically reduced and concomitantly the oxygen stoichiometry decreases. Reduction of Mn ions was further\ndemonstrated in the cyclic voltammogram traced under nitrogen atmosphere. Third, hysteresis in cathodic currents was\nobserved in the cyclic voltammograms of the perovskite/YSZ/Pt system, and the hysteresis phenomena were more prominent\nat higher O~ pressure. We interpreted these findings to mean that the internal and/or external surface oxide vacancies\nparticipate in the O2 reduction reaction. However, it has been explained from the Po2-dependent hysteresis phenomena that,\neven though those surface sites are active in the O2 reduction~ their activity is less than that of the three-phase boundary\nsites since additional diffusional processes are required for the former sites. Consequently, the three-phase boundary sites\nare the major reaction sites at lower O2 pressure, which leads to a small hysteresis. However, at higher 02 pressure, the\nsurface sites also participate in the reaction, resulting in a larger hysteresis.
Depletion of DDT from Commercial Layers , (1966)

THE use of DDT and other pesticides to control flies, insects, etc., in poultry houses is a common practice. In addition, DDT and other pesticides are recommended for use in feed grain production (U.S.D.A., 1965). Unless the most careful application of these chemicals is accomplished, some will inadvertently get into the feed and/or water, and will result in a residual buildup in the eggs and meat. Various workers (Naber and Ware, 1961; Liska, et al., 1964; Stadelman et al., 1965) have reported residues of chlorinated insecticides in tissues and eggs of chickens exposed to these insecticides. Recent attention focused on DDT residues in eggs has resulted in condemnation of several lots of eggs by government agencies in the midwest and other areas of the U.S. Though pesticide residues in meat and eggs may be a potential human health hazard, no tolerance level has as yet been set by the …
Intestinal Gene Expression in TNBS Treated Mice Using GeneChip and Subtractive cDNA Analysis: Implications for Crohn's Disease (2005)

So far it has proven difficult to identify a causative gene(s) or gene product initiating the events that lead to inflammation of the intestinal mucosa and, ultimately, progression to Crohn's disease (CD), an inflammatory bowel disease. However, gene transcripts identified in the intestine of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-treated mice might suggest a clue, and even represent candidate genes leading to inflammation and mucosal damage, and to subsequent fibrosis. In the present study, DNA microarray (13000 transcripts) methodology was applied to mucosal RNA extracted from TNBS-treated mice, some transcripts of which were validated via cDNA subtraction and RT-PCR analyses. Intestinal biopsy samples from CD patients were then analyzed using cDNA mini-array (1300 cDNAs), focusing on gene transcripts associated with cancer and immunity. Mini-array results revealed transcript changes similar and also dissimilar to those found from the DNA microarray analysis. These changes, previously known or newly identified, possibly occurring during the initial and progressive stages of inflammatory conditions may provide a clue to identify marker transcripts and/or targets for the development of future gene therapy.