gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spectroscopic Diagnostics of Photoresist Erosion in an Aluminum Etch Plasma (1987)

A spectroscopic investigation of photoresist etching during aluminum processing was done. Etch rate of aluminum is represented by the emission and of photoresist by the emission. Photoresist etch rate is high during removal of surface aluminum oxide, drops to a lower value during etch of the bulk aluminum film, and increases as the film clears. We have also characterized reticulation of the photoresist during etching. Real‐time spectroscopically measured selectivity of aluminum to photoresist has been developed and evaluated.
Certification of algorithm 160 combinatorial of M things taken N at a time (1963)

article Free Access Share on Certification of algorithm 160 combinatorial of M things taken N at a time Author: Robert F. Blakely Indiana Geological Survey, Bloomington, IN Indiana Geological Survey, Bloomington, INView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 6Issue 10Oct. 1963 https://doi.org/10.1145/367651.367673Published:01 October 1963Publication History 0citation88DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads88Last 12 Months2Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Design of a broadband soft x-ray polarimeter (2018)

We describe an optical design and possible implementation of a broadband soft x-ray polarimeter. Our arrangement of gratings is designed optimally for the purpose of polarimetry with broadband focusing optics by matching the dispersion of the spectrometer channels to laterally graded multilayers (LGMLs). The system can achieve polarization modulation factors over 90%. We implement this design using a single optical system by dividing the entrance aperture into six sectors; high efficiency, blazed gratings from opposite sectors are oriented to disperse to a common LGML forming three channels covering the wavelength range from 35 to 75 Å (165 to 350 eV). The grating dispersions and LGML position angles for each channel are 120 deg to each other. CCD detectors then measure the intensities of the dispersed spectra after reflection and polarizing by the LGMLs, giving the three Stokes parameters needed to determine a source’s linear polarization fraction and orientation. The design can be extended to higher energies as LGMLs are developed further. We describe examples of the potential scientific return from instruments based on this design.
True Airspeed Sensor for V/STOL Aircraft (1972)

Abstract : One factor which has hindered the development of an effective low- speed flight control capability for helicopters and other V/STOL aircraft is the lack of an accurate airspeed sensor which will operate at speeds below 40 knots. One device which does meet this requirement is an advanced electronic true airspeed sensor developed by J-Tec Associates of Cedar Rapids, Iowa. Under the USAF Flight Dynamics Laboratory's Advanced Development Program 643A, 'Tactical Airlift Technology,' a J-Tec Associates true airspeed sensor has been evaluated for use by low-speed aircraft, using a Sikorsky CH-3E helicopter as a test bed. The results of the wind-tunnel and flight testing conducted at Wright-Patterson AFB showed that the sensor has excellent characteristics particularly in the low-speed flight regime, where it maintained its accuracy even at high yaw and pitch angles.
Correction Techniques in Emission Tomography (2012)

Introduction, Klaus Schafers Introduction Principle of Emission Tomography Electromagnetic Spectrum Need for Correction Techniques BACKGROUND Biomedical Applications of Emission Tomography, Michael Schafers, Sven Hermann, Sonja Schafers, Thomas Viel, Marilyn Law, and Andreas H. Jacobs The role of imaging in biomedical research and applications Functional and molecular imaging by emission tomography enables high sensitivity and spatial resolution Biomedical applications of emission tomography depend on tracers Applications PET Image Reconstruction, Frank Wubbeling Introduction Analytical algorithms Discrete algorithms Summary CORRECTIONS TECHNIQUES IN PET AND SPECT Basics of PET and SPECT Imaging, Ralph A. Bundschuh and Sibylle I. Ziegler Introduction Corrections for Physical Factors, Florian Buther Introduction Decay correction Randoms correction Attenuation correction Scatter correction Concluding remarks Corrections for Scanner Related Factors, Marc Huismann Positron emission tomography Single photon emission computed tomography Image Processing Techniques in Emission Tomography, Fabian Gigengack, Michael Fieseler, Daniel Tenbrinck, and Xiaoyi Jiang Introduction Denoising Interpolation Registration Partial volume correction Super-resolution Validation Motion Correction in Emission Tomography, Mohammad Dawood Introduction Motion correction on 3D PET data Optical flow Lucas/Kanade optical flow Horn/Schunck optical flow Bruhn optical flow Preserving discontinuities Correcting for motion Mass conservation-based optical flow Combined Correction and Reconstruction Methods, Martin Benning, Thomas Kosters, and Frederic Lamare Introduction Parameter identification Combined reconstruction and motion correction Combination of parameter identification and motion estimation RECENT DEVELOPMENTS Introduction into Hybrid Tomographic Imaging, Hartwig Newiger Introduction Combining PET and SPECT The combination with MR Combining ultrasound with PET and SPECT MR-Based Attenuation Correction for PET/MR, Matthias Hofmann, Bernd Pichler, and Thomas Beyer Introduction MR-AC for brain applications Methods for torso imaging Discussion Conclusion Optical Imaging, Angelique Ale and Vasilis Ntziachristos Introduction Fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT) FMT and hybrid FMT systems Index References appear at the end of each chapter.
Structure‐activity studies of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP): cyclic disulfide analogs (1993)

Analogs of vasoactive intestinal peptide with cysteine residues incorporated at selected sites within the sequence were prepared by solid phase methods, oxidized to the corresponding cyclic disulfides and purified to homogeneity by preparative HPLC. The cyclic compounds were assayed as smooth muscle relaxants on isolated guinea pig trachea, as bronchodilators in vivo in guinea pigs, and for binding to VIP receptors in guinea pig lung membranes. Of the analogs prepared at the N-terminus, one compound, Ac-[D-Cys6,D-Cys11,Lys12,Nle17,Val26,Th r28]-VIP, was found to be a full agonist with slightly more than one tenth the potency of native VIP. Most other cyclic analogs in the N-terminal region were found to be inactive. A second analog, Ac-[Lys12,Cys17,Val26,Cys28]-VIP, was also found to be a full agonist with potency about one third that of native VIP. Furthermore, this compound was active as a bronchodilator in vivo in guinea pig, but with somewhat diminished potency as compared to native VIP. Strikingly, this cyclic compound was found to have significantly longer duration of action (> 40 min) when compared to an analogous acyclic compound (5 min). The conformational restrictions imposed by formation of the cyclic ring structures may have stabilized the molecule to degradation, thus enhancing the effective duration of action. Analysis of this series of cyclic analogs has also yielded information about the requirements for the receptor-active conformation of VIP.
Minimum Weight Design of Beams With Inequality Constraints on Stress and Deflection (1967)

A nonlinear optimal design problem, with state variable inequality constraints, is solved. The problem is reduced to a Lagrange problem in the Calculus of Variations and necessary conditions are presented. For a certain class of problems, the necessary conditions are reduced to a system of nonlinear algebraic equations which are solved by an iterative procedure. The computational algorithm is efficient and is easily programmed for use on a digital computer.
Performance of a new PIC receiver for the reverse link of a DS-CDMA system in a Rayleigh fading channel (2003)

Consider the reverse link of an asynchronous DS-CDMA system in which each user's signal is transmitted over a channel with Rayleigh fading and AWGN. For the CDMA system a new parallel interference cancellation (PIC) receiver with an adaptive decision threshold is proposed which is complete with the method to adjust the decision threshold. The decision threshold for partial cancellation is adjusted according to the statistics of its matched filter (MF) outputs. The BER of the proposed PIC receiver is obtained by simulation and compared with those of the conventional PIC and other PIC receivers in a Rayleigh fading channel. It is shown that the proposed PIC receiver achieves better performance than the conventional PIC receiver and the PIC receiver using null zone hard decision in a Rayleigh fading channel.
Voraussetzungen für eine werkstoffgerechte Dimensionierung einschnittig überlappter Metallklebverbindungen bei Kurzzeitbelastung (1977)

In der Einleitung wurde bereits auf die Problematik einer Dimensionierung von Metallklebverbindungen hingewiesen. Dabei wurde deutlich, daß die Forderung nach optimaler Materialausnutzung bei hinreichend großer Sicherheit nur dann zu erfüllen ist, wenn Aussagen über die vorhan-denen und die zulässigen Werkstoffanstrengungen möglich sind. Das bedeutet, daß zunächst die Beanspruchungen von Fügeteil, Klebstoff und Adhäsionsbindung einzeln analysiert werden müssen. Eine Bemessung der Verbindung sollte schließlich so vorgenommen werden, daß die Verbundpartner und die Bindungen gerade maximal zulässig beansprucht werden (Bild 62).
Transcriptional Profiling of Interferon Regulatory Factor 3 Target Genes: Direct Involvement in the Regulation of Interferon-Stimulated Genes (2002)

Ubiquitously expressed interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF-3) is directly activated after virus infection and functions as a key activator of the immediate-early alpha/beta interferon (IFN) genes, as well as the RANTES chemokine gene. In the present study, a tetracycline-inducible expression system expressing a constitutively active form of IRF-3 (IRF-3 5D) was combined with DNA microarray analysis to identify target genes regulated by IRF-3. Changes in mRNA expression profiles of 8,556 genes were monitored after Tet-inducible expression of IRF-3 5D. Among the genes upregulated by IRF-3 were transcripts for several known IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). Subsequent analysis revealed that IRF-3 directly induced the expression of ISG56 in an IFN-independent manner through the IFN-stimulated responsive elements (ISREs) of the ISG56 promoter. These results demonstrate that, in addition to its role in the formation of a functional immediate-early IFN-beta enhanceosome, IRF-3 is able to discriminate among ISRE-containing genes involved in the establishment of the antiviral state as a direct response to virus infection.
Effect of Current Distribution on Quartz Crystal Microbalance Measurements (1998)

Spatially nonuniform electrodeposition can cause discrepancies between predicted and experimentally measured mass loadings on an electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) because the sensitivity of the quartz crystal varies significantly from point to point. These discrepancies can be significant even if the current distribution is nearly uniform. These effects were examined experimentally by varying the conductivity of the electrolyte and the current density during the electrodeposition of copper on an EQCM, effecting changes in the spatial, deposited‐mass distribution in a controlled manner. The resulting frequency shifts agree with results predicted by current distribution simulations, validated a posteriori with profilometry measurements. Our results permit determination of the spatial variation of the quartz crystal sensitivity factor, or of the current distribution on the EQCM.
Intraoperative TandemHeart implantation as an adjunct to high-risk valve surgery. (2007)

Newer generations of assist devices for postcardiotomy support in patients with ventricular failure have eliminated bearings and incorporated suspended impellers, smaller cannulae and hardware, and simplified insertion techniques. We describe the use of a surgically implanted, percutaneous, continuous-flow centrifugal pump (the TandemHeart percutaneous ventricular assist device) as part of a planned, pre-emptive approach for postcardiotomy support in a patient with severe mitral regurgitation, moderate tricuspid regurgitation, and biventricular failure. To our knowledge, this report documents the 1st use of a percutaneous ventricular assist device as an elective support device in a patient undergoing high-risk mitral or tricuspid valve surgery.
Photoinduced Single Strand Breaks and Intrastrand Cross-Links in an Oligonucleotide Labeled with 5-Bromouracil (2014)

5-Bromouracil (BrU) is photoreactive toward near UVB photons and can be introduced into genomic DNA during its biosynthesis in cells. However, PCR seems to be a simpler approach, which can be used to obtain labeled DNA similar to that synthesized within the cell. In the current work, PCR has been employed and optimized in order to substitute all thymines (besides those present in starters) with BrU in the dsDNA fragment of 80 base pairs (bp) in length. The modified oligonucleotide was irradiated with 300 nm photons in a buffered aqueous solution (pH = 7) and digested with a cocktail of enzymes specific to the phosphodiester bond cleavage. Initially, the extent of damage in the intact photolyte was measured with DHPLC. Then, the digested reaction mixture was subjected to HPLC and MS analyses and, in addition to the formation of 5-bromo-2'-deoxuyridine, which proves the occurrence of single strand breaks (SSBs) due to irradiation, U∧U and U∧C dimers were found, whose molecular structure was confirmed by MS/MS analysis. Although the abundance of such tandem lesions is lower than that of the SSB type, they pose a potent threat to genome integrity. Thus, our findings shed new light on the photosensitizing properties of BrU toward DNA.
Better Outcomes with Treatment by Coiling Relative to Clipping of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms in the United States, 2001–2008 (2011)

The use of endovascular coiling relative to surgical clipping of unruptured intracranial aneurysms is associated with decreasing periprocedural morbidity and mortality among patients treated in the United States from 2001 to 2008.
ChemInform Abstract: CHLORO COMPLEXES IN MOLTEN SALTS. VII. POTENTIOMETRIC, SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC, AND RAMAN SPECTROSCOPIC STUDY OF THE SYSTEM POTASSIUM CHLORIDE‐ALUMINUM CHLORIDE‐NIOBIUM(V) CHLORIDE AT 300°C (1979)

Abstract Im Titelsystem wird das Gleichgewicht Anachgewiesen, das für eine Nb(V)‐Konzentration von 0.1 F über einen pCF‐Bereich von 0.42‐5 .44 mit einem pK von 4.49 (in molaren Einheiten) und bei 0.3 F über pCl′ = O.42‐4.72 mit einem pK von 4.19 beibehalten wird.
Expander processing and enzymes for a wheat-based diet for finishing pigs (1998)

Overall ADG and ADFI were not affected, but feed efficiency was improved with pelleting and further improvements resulted from expander processing. In a second experiment, enzyme supplementation to mash, but not pelleted, diets improved feed efficiency. Indeed, F/G for pigs fed mash with enzyme was similar to that for pigs fed pelleted diets.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 19, 1998
Effects of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Transduced with Superoxide Dismutase on Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis-Like Skin Inflammation in Mice (2015)

Our data offer a novel therapeutic approach to chronic inflammatory skin diseases such as psoriasis by leveraging immunomodulatory effects of MSCs as well as SOD3 expression.
Aerial oxidation of hydrazines to nitrosamines (1991)

When 1,1-dimethylhydrazine and N-aminopiperidine were deliberately exposed to air substantial amounts of the corresponding carcinogenic nitrosamines were formed. Unoxidized samples of 1,1-dimethylhydrazine were not mutagenic while oxidized samples (which contained much higher levels of nitrosamines) were mutagenic. Both unoxidized and oxidized samples of N-aminopiperidine were mutagenic.
Mutational Analysis of Rox1, a DNA-Bending Repressor of Hypoxic Genes in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (1995)

Rox1 is a repressor of the hypoxic genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It binds to a specific hypoxic consensus sequence in the upstream region of these genes and represses transcription in conjunction with the general repression complex Tup1-Ssn6. In this study, we demonstrated that the first 100 amino acids comprising the HMG domain of Rox1 were responsible for DNA binding and that when bound, Rox1 bent DNA at an angle of 90 degrees. A mutational analysis resulted in the isolation of seven missense mutations, all located within the HMG domain, that caused loss of DNA binding. The effect of these mutations on the structure of Rox1 was evaluated on the basis of the homology between Rox1 and the human male sex-determining protein SRY, for which a structural model is available. The failure to isolate missense mutations in the carboxy-terminal three-quarters of the protein prompted a deletion analysis of this region. The results suggested that this region was responsible for the repression function of Rox1 and that the repression information was redundant. This hypothesis was confirmed by using a set of fusions between sequences encoding the GAL4 DNA-binding domain and portions of ROX1. Those fusions containing either the entire carboxy-terminal region or either half of it were capable of repression. Repression by selected fusions was demonstrated to be dependent on Ssn6.
Erratum: Clebsch–Gordan coefficients for crystal space groups (1976)

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Ultrasound-induced and MRI-monitored CuO nanoparticles release from micelle encapsulation (2020)

Abstract Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) have anticancer and antimicrobial activities. Moreover, they have a contrast enhancing effect in both MRI and ultrasound. Nonetheless, encapsulation is needed to control their toxic side effects and a mechanism for release on demand is required. A methodology is introduced herein for encapsulating and releasing CuO NPs from micelles by ultrasound induced hyperthermia and monitoring the process by MRI. For this aim, CuO NPs loaded poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(D,L-lactic acid) (PEG-b-PLA) micelles were prepared. Then, the profile of copper release with application of ultrasound was examined as a function of time and temperature using a colorimetric method. Finally, T1 weighted MRI images of suspensions and ex vivo poultry liver samples containing the CuO NPs loaded micelles were acquired before and after ultrasound application. The results confirmed that: (i) encapsulated NPs are detectible by MRI T1 mapping, depicting substantial T1 shortening from 1872 ± 62 ms to 683 ± 20 ms. (ii) Ultrasonic hyperthermia stimulated the NPs release with an about threefold increase compared to non-treated samples. (iii) Releasing effect was clearly visible by T1-weighted imaging (mean signal increase ratio of 2.29). These findings can potentially lead to the development of a new noninvasive methodology for CuO NPs based theranostic process.
Transporters expressed during grape berry (Vitis vinifera L.) development are associated with an increase in berry size and berry potassium accumulation (2006)

Potassium accumulation is essential for grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) growth and development, but excessive levels in berries at harvest may reduce wine quality particularly for red wines. In addition to decreasing the free acid levels, potassium also combines with tartaric acid to form largely insoluble potassium bitartrate. This precipitates during winemaking and storage, resulting in an increase in wine pH that is associated with negative impacts on wine colour, flavour, and microbiological stability. For these reasons, a better understanding of potassium transport and accumulation within the vine and berries is important for producing fruit with improved winemaking characteristics. Here two genes encoding KUP/KT/HAK-type potassium transporters that are expressed in grape berries are described. Their function as potassium transporters was demonstrated by complementation of an Escherichia coli mutant. The two transporters are expressed most highly in the berry skin during the first phase of berry development (pre-veraison), with similar patterns in two grapevine varieties. The timing and location of expression of these transporters are consistent with an involvement in potassium accumulation in grape berries.
Sublethal Effects of Pesticides on the Parasitoid Aphytis melinus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) (1988)

Sublethal effects of insecticides on the parasitoid Aphytis melinus DeBach were investigated. Longevity, daily rate of progeny production per female, and size and sex ratio of offspring were measured for parasitoids exposed to rates near the LC50’s of carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, dimethoate, malathion, and methidathion. Survivors of the exposure to carbaryl exhibited no significant sublethal effects. Exposure to each of the organophosphorous materials reduced longevity by 73-85% and temporarily depressed progeny production. Chlorpyrifos also shifted the sex ratio of offspring toward more males. The strength and variability of sublethal effects found in this and other studies indicate that sublethal effects must be considered to evaluate accurately the selectivity of pesticides in favor of parasitoids.
Inhibition of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell Proliferation by the CXC Chemokine, Platelet Factor 4 (PF4), Is Associated With Impaired Downregulation of p21Cip1/WAF1 (1999)

Human PF4 is a heparin-binding chemokine known to be capable of inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis. To explore the biological mechanisms responsible for this action, we investigated the effect of PF4 on epidermal growth factor (EGF)-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), a model system in which stimulation is essentially independent of interaction with cell-surface glycosaminoglycans. Based on previous findings that PF4 blocks endothelial cell cycle entry and progression into S phase, we studied the molecular mechanism(s) of PF4 interference with cell cycle machinery. PF4 treatment of EGF-stimulated HUVEC caused a decrease in cyclin E-cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (cdk2) activity with resulting attenuation of retinoblastoma protein phosphorylation. PF4-dependent downregulation of cyclin E-cdk2 activity was associated with increased binding of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p21(Cip1/WAF1), to the cyclin E-cdk2 complex. Analysis of total cellular p21(Cip1/WAF1) showed that in the presence of PF4, p21(Cip1/WAF1) levels were sustained at time points when p21(Cip1/WAF1) was no longer detectable in cells stimulated by EGF in the absence of PF4. These findings indicate that PF4 inhibition of HUVEC proliferation in response to EGF is associated with impaired downregulation of p21(Cip1/WAF1) and provide the first evidence for interference with cell cycle mechanisms by a chemokine.
Calopins and Cyclocalopins − Bitter Principles fromBoletus calopus and Related Mushrooms (2002)

Boletus calopus and closely related mushrooms of the Boletus section Calopodes are characterized by their bitter taste, which is caused mainly by O-acetylcyclocalopin A (6a), a member of a series of unique δ-lactone derivatives. Besides the simple lactone calopin (1b) and its O-acetyl derivative 1a, the more complex cyclocalopins 6−12 have been isolated and their structures elucidated. Cyclocalopin D (10a) is an unprecedented α-glucoside in which the sugar residue is bound to an enolic hydroxy group. The chemical conversion of 6b into 1a established the same stereochemistry for the calopin and cyclocalopin types of metabolites. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2002)