gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On fairness and conflicts in Petri nets (2003)

The notions of fairness and conflicts in live, bounded, and strongly connected Petri nets (PNs) are formally related. The PN model of a resource-sharing concurrent system (RSCS) is conflict free when the firing of an enabled transition does not disable another transition in the net. Conflicts in the PN represent unresolved resource allocation conditions. The PN is fair when the firing of any transition more than a given number of times is a sufficient condition for all the transitions in the net to have fired. When the PN is fair, no process in the system can be starved; that is resources are allocated so that all tokens progress through the net. Although these concepts are not equivalent, it is shown that they are strongly related to each other when the PN model is live, bounded, and strongly connected. A computational method for finding conflicts is presented, and the concepts are illustrated with an example of buffer allocation in a sorting algorithm.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
EFFECTS OF GLUTAMATE ANTAGONISTS ON BEHAVIOURAL ALTERATIONS INDUCED BY BILATERAL CAROTID OCCLUSION IN THE MONGOLIAN GERBIL (1995)

Behavioural Pharmacology of Excitatory Amino Acids and their Antagonists Marseille, France, 20–23 September 1995: PDF Only
Efficient GPU Implementation for Particle in Cell Algorithm (2011)

Particle in cell (PIC) algorithm is a widely used method in plasma physics to study the trajectories of charged particles under electromagnetic fields. The PIC algorithm is computationally intensive and its time requirements are proportional to the number of charged particles involved in the simulation. The focus of the paper is to parallelize the PIC algorithm on Graphics Processing Unit (GPU). We present several performance trade-offs related to small shared memory and atomic operations on the GPU to achieve high performance.
Reliability of Two Diameters Method in Determining Acute Infarct Size. Validation as New Imaging Biomarker (2015)

ClinicalTrials.org NCT00715533.
Synthesis of 1-(2-Deoxy-β-D-ribofuranosyl)benzimidazole via Cyclonucleosides (1985)

Abstract Starting from 2-chlorobenzimidazole and 1-O-acetyl-2,3,5-tri-O-benzoylribofuranose a β-D-ribonucleoside of 2-chlorobenzimidazole was obtained using Vorbrüggen's procedure. This compound was derivatized to a 2,2′-S-cyclonucleoside via 2′-O-tosylation and thiourea treatment. The cyclonucleoside was converted to 1-(2-deoxy-β-D-ribo-furanosyl) benzimidazole by Raney nickel desulfurization.
Phorbol Esters Attenuate Glutamate‐Stimulated Inositol Phospholipid Hydrolysis in Neuronal Cultures (1988)

The phorbol diesters 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate, but not 4-alpha-phorbol-didecanoate, inhibited the stimulation of inositol phospholipid hydrolysis by excitatory amino acids and carbamylcholine in primary cultures of cerebellar neurons. This inhibition was mimicked by the synthetic diacylglycerol 1,2-dioleoyl-rac-glycerol (DOG) and was selective for a specific glutamate-phosphoinositide receptor subtype (GP2 receptor) activated by glutamate and quisqualate. TPA was nearly inactive in inhibiting the stimulation of inositol phospholipid hydrolysis by N-methyl-D-aspartate, a selective agonist of the GP1 receptor. Phorbol diesters and DOG attenuated the stimulation of inositol phospholipid hydrolysis by glutamate and quisqualate also in cerebellar slices from 9-15-day-old rats; however, using this preparation, their action was weak and required high concentrations (greater than 1 microM). The inhibition of signal transduction by phorbol diesters was not consequent to a reduced binding of glutamate to its membrane recognition sites. In fact, TPA induced only a small increase in the KD but no change in the Bmax of [3H]glutamate binding in cerebellar membranes. Phorbol diesters may act to inhibit specific GTP-binding proteins or particular molecular forms of phosphoinositidase C associated with GP2 or muscarinic cholinergic receptors.
Influence of Estrogen on the Progression of Kidney Injury in Murine IgA Nephropathy (2017)

Background: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is characterized by the deposition of the IgA1-IgG immune complex in glomerular mesangial areas. The progression of IgAN in patients is more prominent in men than women. Grouped ddY (gddY) mice are a useful animal model for IgAN patients. However, the mechanisms underlying the gender difference in IgAN has not been clearly understood.
Intelligence debates and some Australian confusions (2000)

In this rejoinder to Bates and Stough (2000), I correct some misunderstandings regarding my position on Australian individual differences research. Contrary to the claims of Bates and Stough, I do not dispute the importance of well-conducted research using biological approaches to intelligence. I do not advocate censorship of scientific reports, rather I advocate the need for sensitivity and responsibility amongst those working in the individual differences field. This is emphasised by pointing to the naivete of those who claim to divorce research from social restraints and political pressures. The research program conducted in my laboratory is presented as evidence of my acceptance for an eclectic approach, in contrast to the purely reductionistic methodology endorsed by some Australian psychologists. A natural conclusion from my argument is that poorly conducted research and the presentation of premature findings could be used to improperly further the claims of prejudicial sections of our society.
Security Analysis of the German Healthcare Telematics (2009)

The objective of this paper is an analysis of security issues of the forthcoming German healthcare telematics infrastructure. The current analysis reevaluates results from a former security analysis conducted in 2007/08 and introduces new results based on the updated specification documents of the German healthcare telematics. As a result, basics for further security analysis activities are given and corresponding security measures to overcome the identified vulnerabilities are derived. Due to the transferability of the healthcare telematics security concept, which is currently applied in Germany, the achieved results might be helpful for worldwide healthcare telematics projects in the future.
Effect of interfacial properties on water drainage and recovery in a froth column (2006)

Water recovery in a froth column as a function of gas flow rate and surfactant concentration has been measured and compared with the standard and extended drainage theories. The standard drainage theory developed based on rigid gas-liquid interfaces did not properly describe the influence of gas flow rate and frothing agents on the liquid recovery rate. The extended drainage theory with inclusion of the interfacial viscosity of the adsorbed surfactants and vertex geometry of Plateau borders agreed with the experimental data for water recovery. The liquid drainage process in the froth column was controlled by the interfacial properties of the adsorbed surfactants at the gas-liquid interface.
Anticipating the Big One: Exploring the role of landscape architecture in preparing Wellington's CBD for a major earthquake (2013)

<p>“Risk of urban disasters is no longer a phenomenon that we can stop, avoid or deter, but rather they are part of complex ecological processes from which we are inseparable and must design with, in preparation for the next imminent disaster.” Miho Mazereeuw (Mazereeuw, 2011. Pg 85) Due to recent seismic activity across New Zealand, it has become widely speculated that Wellington is overdue for a major earthquake that could devastate the city. This has brought to light Wellington’s unique vulnerabilities and physical lack of preparedness to survive a significant natural disaster. Until recently, pre-disaster planning has looked towards both architectural and engineering solutions that focus on resisting or deterring the effects of a natural disaster, leaving landscape architecture as a post disaster clean up tool. This thesis aims to demonstrate the potential of landscape architecture within the field of pre-disaster planning, changing the way we adapt to natural disasters within the urban environment. This research will develop a preemptive strategy for Wellington’s Central Business District, or ‘CBD’ that utilises access ways and open space as emergency infrastructure to save lives in the event of a major earthquake, whilst enhancing the urban environment for day-to-day use. This research proposes that access ways and open space are the catalyst in which landscape architecture could make a significant contribution to the pre-disaster planning of cities. More specifically, it tests the combination of a latent emergency infrastructure with quality urban design through a series of landscape architecture experiments that focus on Wellington’s CBD as a site for design exploration. This exploration challenges the way in which we design our urban environments to allow a level of flexibility in times of distress or natural disaster. Overall this thesis will generate new ideas and creative solutions to the idea of urban resilience, indicating that, not only can landscape architecture make a significant contribution to pre-disaster planning, but that spaces designed for an emergency function can still enlighten our everyday experience of the city.</p>
Oxygen‐Doped Zig‐Zag Molecular Ribbons (2018)

The synthesis of a zig-zag oxygen-doped molecular rhombic ribbon has been achieved. This includes oxidative C-C and C-O bond formations that allowed the stepwise elongation and planarization of an oxa-congener of 2,7-periacenoacene. X-ray diffraction analysis corroborated the flat structure and the zig-zag topology of the O-doped edges. Photophysical and electrochemical investigations showed that the extension of the peri-xanthenoxanthene (PXX) into the molecular ribbon induces a noticeable shrinking of the molecular band gap devised by a rising of the HOMO energy level, a desirable property for p-type organic semiconductors.
Induced sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage and blood from mild asthmatics: inflammatory cells, lymphocyte subsets and soluble markers compared (1998)

Airway inflammation in asthma can be measured directly by invasive bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), directly and relatively noninvasively by induced sputum and indirectly from peripheral blood. We compared cellular and fluid phase indices of inflammation in induced sputum, BAL and blood from 11 adults with mild stable asthma. On one day, induced sputum selected from saliva was collected and on the next, blood and BAL. Median results of sputum compared with BAL showed a higher number of nonsquamous cells (53 versus 0.8 x 10(6) cells x mL(-1), p=0.003), more neutrophils (34.3 versus 1.0%, p<0.001), CD4+ and CD19+ T-cells (76.5 versus 54.7%, p=0.01 and 5.2 versus 1.1%, p=0.03, respectively), fewer macrophages (603 versus 95.0%, p=0.002) and markedly higher levels of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) (264 versus 2.0 microg x L(-1), p<0.001), tryptase (17.6 versus 2.2 UI x L(-1), p<0.001) and fibrinogen (1,400 versus 150 microg x L(-1), p=0.001). Sputum and BAL neutrophils and CD4+ T-cells were strongly correlated. Sputum and BAL differed from blood by having higher proportions of T-cells (94.9 and 98.9% versus 87.7%, p=0.002) and lower proportions of CD19+ T-lymphocytes (p=0.04 and 0.006). Sputum also differed from blood by having higher proportions of CD4+ T-cells (76.5 versus 51.4%, p=0.001), lower proportions of CD8+ cells (24.0 versus 403%, p=0.04) and a higher CD4+/CD8+ ratio (3.3 versus 1.4, p=0.01). We conclude that in mild asthmatics, sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage and blood measure different compartments of inflammation. Induced selected sputum has the advantage over bronchoalveolar lavage of higher density of cell recovery and stronger signal for fluid-phase markers.
QualiGrain : a decision support system for management and control of quality of malting barley after harvest (2001)

National audience
Dihydroquinazolinones as Potential Antiproliferative and Tumor Inhibiting agents (2016)

Organic and Medicinal chemistry international Journal is an open access journal that is committed to publish the papers on various topics of chemistry, especially synthetic organic chemistry, and pharmacology and various other biological specialties
Serological evaluation of an influenza A virus cold-adapted reassortant live vaccine, CR-37 (H1N1), in Japanese adult volunteers (1984)

SUMMARY A cold-adapted influenza A virus, CR-37 (H1N1), derived from genetic reassortment between A/Ann Arbor/6/60 (H2N2) cold-adapted variant virus and A/California/10/78 (H1N1) wild-type virus, was tested in Japanese adult volunteers. The CR-37 live virus preparation induced only low-grade clinical reactionsin volunteers for the first 3–4 days after inoculation. Two vaccinees who did not show any antibody changes became febrile (over 38–0 °C). Skin tests using the vaccine preparation and uninfected allantoic fluid were performed, and indicated that one of these two vaccinees was positive for the CR-37 vaccine preparation. A high proportion of the vaccinees whose sera had a haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody titre against thevaccine strain of ≤ 64 before inoculation, seroconverted in both HI and neuraminidase-inhibition (NA1) antibody titrations, and only a few seroconverted in the titration of antibody against type-specific internal antigens. The serological examinations against heterotypic H1N1 variants indicated that the cold-adapted live influenza virus vaccine could induce a broad spectrum of HI antibody reactivity and immunity of long duration.
Liquid crystal light valves: A review of recent studies (1987)

Recent studies of the dynamics of nematic liquid crystals as well as in modeling of the photoactivated and CCD-addressed liquid crystal light valves are described. Recent developments in the visible to IR dynamic image converter are reviewed.
Ewingella americana: recurrent pseudobacteremia from a persistent environmental reservoir (1987)

From September 1981 through April 1984, 20 patients at one hospital were identified with Ewingella americana pseudobacteremia. Case-control studies demonstrated an association between having a positive blood culture for E. americana and having blood for culture obtained simultaneously with blood obtained for coagulation studies (15 of 19 case patients versus 4 of 38 controls; P = 4.5 X 10(-7)). Review of blood-drawing procedures showed that blood for coagulation studies and culture was drawn with the same syringe, and coagulation tubes were filled before blood culture tubes. Some phlebotomists were not using new sterile needles to inoculate blood culture bottles. Collection tubes for coagulation studies were prepared in the hospital, and E. americana was isolated from all 52 unused coagulation tubes tested. Solutions prepared in the hospital may constitute a persistent inanimate environmental reservoir for this uncommon microorganism. Pseudobacteremia can result in unnecessary antimicrobial therapy for some patients, incurring the risks of adverse drug reactions, selection of drug-resistant bacteria, and increased health care costs.
The nucleic acids of vicia faba (L) (1972)

Seeds of Vicia faba (L) become fully mature in about 130 days from the fertilization of the ovule. After an initial phase of cell division, storage protein is synthesised in the cotyledons. During the stage of storage protein synthesis, rRNA synthesis occurs concomitant with synthesis of ER, suggesting that storage protein synthesis is mediated on membrane bound ribosomes by mRNA(s). Analysis of the nucleic acids during cotyledon development did not lead to the identification of any non-ribosomal RM species. A fourth rRNA was identified, which had a molecular weight of 52,000 daltons and was hydrogen bonded to the 25S rRNA species. Attempts to identify rRMA precursor molecules in cotyledons and roots were unsuccessful, though in the latter the bacterial precursor molecule to the 163 rRNA was identified. Isolated polyribosomes, from cotyledons at various stages of development, had similar profiles and their constituent nucleic acids were degraded, indicating that they were cleavage products of larger in vivo units. The rRNA cleavage products arising during polyribosome isolation were characterised by their molecular weights. The properties of diethylpyrocarbonate as a nuclease inhibitor were reinvestigated and it was found to be incapable of effectively inhibiting high concentrations of nucleases. The extraction of polyribosomes in the presence of diethylpyrocarbonate effectively protected the polyribosome against HNase during the later stages of the extraction procedure, but not during the initial stages resulting in marked rRNA cleavage and the formation of ribosomal subunits. The use of antllegumin as a method in the identification of a mRNA is discussed.
Can positron emission tomography with [<sup>18</sup>F]‐fluorodeoxyglucose after first‐line treatment distinguish Hodgkin's disease patients who need additional therapy from others in whom additional therapy would mean avoidable toxicity? (2001)

To assess the ability of restaging positron emission tomography (PET) scanning to predict clinical outcome after first-line treatment in patients with Hodgkin's disease, we included 60 patients with histologically proven HD, who underwent whole-body [(18)F]-fluorodeoxygenase ([(18)F]-FDG)-PET studies after first-line treatment and with a follow-up of at least 1 year. Persistence or absence of residual disease on PET was related to progression-free survival (PFS) using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. After treatment, 55 patients showed a normal [(18)F]-FDG-PET scan; 50 of 55 remained in complete remission (CR), with a median follow-up of 955 d. Only five patients relapsed (median PFS, 296 d). During follow-up in all five patients, [(18)F]-FDG-PET was the first tool that became positive for relapse. Persistent abnormal [(18)F]-FDG uptake was seen in only five patients; all of them relapsed (median PFS, 296 d). In four of five patients, only PET predicted persistent disease. All relapses were proven histologically. Two-year actuarial PFS rate for negative patients was 91% compared with 0% for positive patients. We concluded that [(18)F]-FDG-PET has an important prognostic role in the post-treatment evaluation of HD patients.
Metacarpal Hand: Classification and Guidelines for Microsurgical Reconstruction with Toe Transfers (1997)

Metacarpal hand refers to the hand that has lost its prehensile ability through amputation of all fingers with or without amputation of the thumb. Functional restoration can be achieved by a wide variety of microvascular toe transfer techniques. When deciding which procedure should be used, careful consideration must be given to the level of amputation of the fingers as well as the functional status of the remaining thumb. In this article we propose a classification for the various patterns of the metacarpal hand along with guidelines for selection of the proper toe transfer procedure.
Can Future Type I Diabetes Be Predicted? A Study in Families of Affected Children (1982)

This article examines the risk of type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes in siblings of affected children, in relation to HLA genotypes. The 288 available siblings of 160 diabetic probands were grouped according to the number of HLA haplotypes in common with their probands. HLA-identical siblings (both haplotypes in common) have an approximately 100 times greater risk of developing the disease than that in the general population, and this risk is significantly higher than that in haplo-identical siblings (one haplotype in common) P = 0.008). Thus, in Northern European populations, some 30% of HLA-identical siblings are expected to be diabetic by the age of 30 yr. The risk in nonidentical siblings (neither haplotype in common) is not significantly increased. These findings carry implications for genetic counseling and research.
Synthesis and Catalytic Activity of Sn-MFI Nanosheets for the Baeyer–Villiger Oxidation of Cyclic Ketones (2012)

Stannosilicate zeolites with nanosheet morphology and MFI topology (Sn-MFI-ns) are successfully synthesized with an amphiphilic organic structure-directing agent. Sn source, Si/Sn ratio, crystallization time and temperature impact framework Sn incorporation and nanosheet morphology. Optimal synthesis conditions generate Sn-MFI-ns with high crystallinity and isolated framework Sn sites. Nanosheets are ∼2 nm thick in the (010) direction, resulting in large intersheet mesopore volumes and external surface areas exceeding 430 m2/g. Unlike bulk Sn-MFI, Sn-MFI-ns is highly active in the Baeyer–Villiger oxidation of bulky cyclic ketones using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Although Sn-MFI-ns and Sn-MCM-41 have comparable activity and oxidant efficiency, the nanosheets exhibit drastically higher thermal and hydrothermal stability.
Quieting Weinberg 5C: A case study in reducing hospital noise on a patient ward (2006)

Although noise in hospitals is among the top complaints of patients, visitors, and staff, little has been done to address the problem. Further, hospitals have become increasingly worried about using materials that might harbor bacteria, shunning traditional sound absorbers and making the problem even more acute. In this study, we investigated an oncology unit in a relatively new building at Johns Hopkins Hospital, with the aim of demonstrating a noise reduction. We found a series of problems at Weinberg 5C, including architectural design that focuses sound at the nurses station, hallways that create an effective waveguide around the unit, and the total absence of sound-absorbing materials. We were able to mitigate these problems through judicious placement of sound-absorbing panels on the ceiling and high on hallway walls. The panels were constructed of noncompressed fiberglass insulation wrapped in an antibacterial fabric and suspended with Velcro. Results show a drop in sound level of about 5 dB(A), a drop in reverberation time of roughly a factor of 3. A survey of patients and staff before and after the intervention shows a remarkable shift from the perception that the unit is noisy to a perception that it is reasonably quiet.
Review of Design Solutions for Internal Permanent-Magnet Machines Cogging Torque Reduction (2012)

Internal permanent-magnet synchronous machines are spreading in industrial production. They feature high torque density and extended speed range that are key issues in many fields of applications, however their cogging torque is typically quite high. Many methods and design guidelines for cogging torque reduction exist in literature and this paper compares them. For this purpose, the different design guidelines are applied to a common reference machine in order to assess their effectiveness. Computer finite element analysis (FEA) are carried out for each case in order to compare the cogging torque reduction capability of the different techniques. The side effects of these techniques, such as back-EMF and rated torque profile distortions, will be taken into account. The paper contribution is to compare the various cogging torque reduction techniques and magnetic geometries on a common reference machine to identify the most effective ones.
Ponge, lecteur de Michaux : un différend sans merci (1999)

Ponge as Reader of Michaux : Deep Grounds for Controversy. Ponge, classicist, purifier of the baroque, rather despised Michaux, «orientalist» — the baroque as excess. But are Pong's manifestos ("La Table") not excessive in view of the anthropological nature of Michaux' explorations ("Grandes Épreuves de l'esprit")!