gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Large-Scale Synthesis, Growth Mechanism, and Photoluminescence of Ultrathin Te Nanowires (2006)

In this paper, a green chemical synthetic route was developed to synthesize single-crystalline Te nanowires with an average diameter of 7 nm at a low temperature (90 °C) by using ascorbic acid as a reducing agent, Na2TeO3 as a tellurium source, and surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a structure-directing agent. The morphology of Te nanowires in the presence of CTAB is strongly dependent on the reaction conditions such as the concentration of CTAB, reaction time, and reducing agents. A surfactant-assisted solid−solution−solid growth mechanism was identified to explain the formation of ultrathin Te nanowires. The single-crystalline Te nanowires with an average diameter of 7 nm display strong luminescence emission in the blue-violet region.
Functional and structural characteristics of anticancer peptide Pep27 analogues. (2005)

The results indicate that Pep27anal2 can penetrate the plasma membrane, and then induce apoptosis in both caspase-and cytochrome c-independent manner. The hydrophobicity of Pep27anal2 appears to play an important role in membrane permeabilization and/or anticancer properties. The structure-functional relationships of these peptides are also discussed. It is proposed that Pep27anal2 is a potential candidate for anticancer therapeutic agents.
Ultrastructural studies of the mouse blastocyst substages (1974)

ABSTRACT The mouse blastocyst stage covers approximately 2 days. During this period, embryonic development advances through four ultrastructurally distinct substages. Specific ultra-structural characteristics, such as changes in cell shape and/or the distribution of intracellular organelles, may be used to characterize the various cell types from each other at each sub-stage (e.g. trophoblast from inner cell mass cells), as well as to distinguish the same cells from each other at different substages (e.g. substage 1 abembryonic trophoblast cells from substage 2 abembryonic trophoblast cells). A distinguishing characteristic of these blastocyst substages are the membrane contacts (tight junctions, desmosomes, focal tight junctions) between cells. The apical surfaces of adjacent trophoblast cells, from the time of cavity formation until the initial stage of implantation, are connected by a tight junction and a desmosome. The basal region of the apposed trophoblast membranes, however, vary both in their spatial inter-relationship with each other and in their defined cellular contacts. Likewise, the cell contacts between the inner cell mass cells, and between these cells and the embryonic trophoblast cells, are distinctive for each blastocyst substage.
The Nutating Traction Drive (1981)

The unique torque speed characteristic of the single-shaft gas turbine requires that it have a continuously variable-ratio transmission for successful application to automotive use. This paper discusses the development of a novel mechanical transmission which has the power density required for highway vehicles. Cost and efficiency are competitive with conventional automatic transmissions.
The effect of aging on fertility (1994)

In the developed world, deferment of marriage and postponement of child-bearing in marriage are resulting in unprecedented numbers of couples who desire pregnancy relatively late in life. These factors combine with a decline in fertility and an increase in pregnancy wastage with advancing age to present new challenges for the clinician treating infertility. Experience with young oocytes donated to older women indicates that the major responsibility for the decline in fertility with age can be attributed to aging oocytes. Oocyte donation offers new hope for infertile older woman, but important moral and social questions remain unanswered.
STAFF-INDUSTRY COLLABORATIVE REPORT CHLOROPHYLL BY SOLVENT EXTRACTION (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSTAFF-INDUSTRY COLLABORATIVE REPORT CHLOROPHYLL BY SOLVENT EXTRACTIONMelvin A. Judah, Everette M. Burdick, and Robert G. CarrollCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1954, 46, 11, 2262–2271Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50539a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50539a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views218Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Fusion: a voyage through the plasma universe (2000)

PART 1: FUSION IN THE COSMOS Plasmas Nuclear Fusion The Cosmos The Plasma Universe Electrical Discharges PART 2: FUSION ON EARTH Dynamic Fine Structure of Plasmas The Art of Magnetic Confinement Microballoon Explosions by Lasers: Inertial Confinement The Fusion Reactor Outlook into the Future
Brain activation patterns associated with sexual orientation in homosexual male and female: a case study with 3.0T fMRI (2011)

This study was performed to clarify the sexual orien-tation in a 19-year-old homosexual male and a 20-year-old homosexual female by using a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with viewing male and female erotic nude pictures. The sex hor-mone levels of the homosexual male and female were in the normal range of healthy heterosexual males and females, respectively. In both homosexuals more significant brain activities were observed while view-ing the nude pictures of the same genetic sex than those of the opposite sex in the frontal cortex, parietal cortex, occipital cortex, anterior cingulate gyrus, amygdala, midbrain, hippocampus, orbitofrontal cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, thalamus, globus pallidus, and putamen, which are known to be re-sponsive to sexual arousal. The homosexual male and female showed a tendency toward higher sexual arousal to the same genetic sex as comparison with the opposite sex. This finding may be useful to un-derstand the different neural mechanisms on sexual arousal in homosexuals.
Mediastinal widening in asymptomatic type 1 diabetes mellitus patient (2012)

Mediastinal widening can be caused by numerous conditions including type 2 diabetes. If accompanied by chest pain, breathlessness or dysphagia, it has a grave prognosis and requires immediate attention. However, mediastinal lipomatosis is a benign condition leading to accumulation of fat within the mediastinum. Computed tomography (CT) is the definitive imaging modality for evaluating widened mediastinum. We hereby report a case of type 1 diabetes mellitus patient presenting with mediastinal widening on chest radiograph and diagnosed to have mediastinal lipomatosis on thoracic computed tomography.
Metabolic Syndrome (2004)

The concept of a “metabolic syndrome ” conferring increased risk of incident type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been around for more than a couple of decades. Recent publication of clinical definitions has transformed the metabolic syndrome from a physiological curiosity to a major focus of research and of clinical and public health interest (1,2). The metabolic syndrome is generally considered to be the co-occurrence of obesity (particularly central obesity); elevated glucose, triglyceride, and blood pressure levels; and/or low HDL cholesterol levels, and in many cases their co-occurrence signifies underlying insulin resistance (3). The metabolic syndrome has been most widely promoted as a means to identify patients for lifestyle interventions to reduce risk factor levels and, theoretically, incident disease, particularly CVD. However, various tools already exist for the identification of apparently healthy people at elevated risk of diabetes (4–6) or CVD (7). The degree to which a clinical diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome complements or improves upon risk prediction using existing methods has not been defined.

In this issue of Diabetes Care , Stern et al. (8) address this question using the experience of Mexican American and non-Hispanic white participants in the San Antonio Heart Study (SAHS). After a baseline examination and 7 years of follow-up, 195 subjects subsequently developed type 2 diabetes out of 1,709 subjects without baseline diabetes (defined by diabetic hyperglycemia or self-reported use of diabetes medications) and 156 experienced a CVD event out of 2,570 subjects without baseline CVD (defined as self-reported physician diagnosis of heart attack, revascularization procedure, stroke, or CVD death by death certificate). Clinical history and metabolic risk factors measured at baseline were used to categorize subjects with the metabolic syndrome by National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP-III) criteria (or World Health Organization …
Christopher Redwood. William Hurlstone: Croydon's Forgotten Musical Genius (2017)

Christopher Redwood. <i>William Hurlstone: Croydons Forgotten Musical Genius</i>. Highbridge, UK:Sequoia Publishing, 2015. iii, 329 p. ISBN: 9781910616222 (hardback).
Experimental Study of the Photon Energy Spectrum of Primary Diagnostic X-Rays (1966)

The photon energy spectra of primary diagnostic X-ray beams have been studied experimentally over the kilovoltage region 45-105 kvp using scintillation spectroscopy techniques. A method was devised which allowed the photon beam to be collimated without perturbing it and which permitted close reproduction of measurements. Correction for spectrometer distortion of spectra was done by means of a digital computer. Results are presented in terms of photon fluence per energy interval versus photon energy. Mean energies and half-value-layers were computed from the spectra. The half-value-layers were compared with independent experimental determinations using ionization chambers with essentially energy-independent responses over the photon-energy region of interest.
Different Actions of Anticonvulsant and Anesthetic Barbiturates Revealed by Use of Cultured Mammalian Neurons (1978)

Barbiturate anesthetics, but not anticonvulsants, abolish the spontaneous activity of cultured spinal cord neurons; directly increase membrane conductance, an effect which is suppressed by the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) antagonists picrotoxin and penicillin; and are more potent than anticonvulsants in augmenting GABA and depressing glutamate responses. Barbiturate anticonvulsants abolish picrotoxin-induced convulsive activity. These results indicate qualitative and quantitative differences between anesthetic and anticonvulsant barbiturates, which may explain their different clinical effects.
Design Matters – Gestaltung und Akzeptanz von Photovoltaik (2005)

Solarstromanlagen sind ein wichtiger Bestandteil
einer nachhaltigen Energieversorgung, die auf erneuerbaren Energien basiert. Photovoltaik (PV) stellt derzeit noch die teuerste Form der netzeinspeisenden Energieerzeugung dar und ihr Verbreitungsgrad ist noch sehr gering. Gleichzeitig hat sie ein hohes Verbesserungs- und Anwendungspotenzial und geniest zudem das positivste
Image unter den Energieerzeugungstechnologien.Fur eine zukunftige Verbreitung wird es nebenden erforderlichen Kostensenkungen auch um bislang noch nicht thematisierte Aspekte wie die Rolle von Design und die Erhohung der gestalterischen Variabilitat der PV-Module gehen. Das IOW untersuchte solche fur die weitere Verbreitung der umweltfreundlichen Technologie bedeutenden Akzeptanzfragen und –zusammenhange im Rahmen des europaischen Forschungsprojektes PVACCEPT.
Reference Correlation for the Density and Viscosity of Eutectic Liquid Alloys Al+Si, Pb+Bi, and Pb+Sn (2012)

In this paper, the available experimental data for the density and viscosity of eutectic liquid alloys Al+Si, Pb+Bi, and Pb+Sn have been critically examined with the intention of establishing a reference standard representation of both density and viscosity. All experimental data have been categorized as primary or secondary according to the quality of measurement, the technique employed, and the presentation of the data, as specified by a series of carefully defined criteria. The proposed standard reference correlations for the density of liquid Al+Si, Pb+Bi, and Pb+Sn are, respectively, characterized by deviations of 2.0%, 2.9%, and 0.5% at the 95% confidence level. The standard reference correlations for the viscosity of liquid Al+Si, Pb+Bi, and Pb+Sn are, respectively, characterized by deviations of 7.7%, 14.2%, and 12.4% at the 95% confidence level.
Development of realistic shortest path algorithm considering lane changes (2015)

Summary Lane changes occur as many times as turning movements are needed while following a designated path. The cost of a route with many lane changes is likely to be more expensive than that with less lane changes, and unrealistic paths with impractical lane changes should be avoided for drivers' safety. In this regard, a new algorithm is developed in this study to find the realistic shortest path considering lane changing. The proposed algorithm is a modified link‐labeling Dijkstra algorithm considering the effective lane‐changing time that is a parametric function of the prevailing travel speed and traffic density. The parameters were estimated using microscopic traffic simulation data, and the numerical test demonstrated the performance of the proposed algorithm. It was found that the magnitude of the effect of the effective lane‐changing time on determining the realistic shortest path is nontrivial, and the proposed algorithm has capability to exclude links successfully where the required lane changes are practically impossible. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fuzzy inference systems for segmented attenuation correction in positron emission tomography (2002)

Segmented attenuation maps can be either calculated from transmission data or with a limited accuracy from emission data. The authors developed two new methods based on adaptive fuzzy inference systems for the transmission segmentation (TSF, Transmission Segmentation by Fuzzy Inference) and for the segmentation of FDG emission images (ESF, Emission Segmentation by Fuzzy Inference). TSF: The main problem, which is the adaptation of the membership functions to the measured data, was solved by adjusting the system with the histogram fitting approach used in the authors' routine segmentation. The fuzzy system allows for a scan time reduction down to 40 s-50 s per bed position and is limited by a local bias in the center of the attenuation map. This system was additionally combined with local thresholding operators based on a fuzzy edge detection leading to accurate results even at 30 s. ESF: In uncorrected FDG emission images the lungs appear with a positive intensity compared to the background, which is almost zero. Based on this effect, ESF allows for an automatic segmentation of 18-FDG emission scans with an error of 10-15% in image quantification. Both methods were evaluated with the same phantom and simulated data, and compared with the authors' standard (Histogram Fitting Segmentation).
DUARTE, Adriano Luiz; MÜLLER, Ricardo Gaspar (Orgs.). E. P. Thompson: paixão e política. Chapecó: Editora Argos, 2012, 362p. (2013)

Sem um talismã: os próximos 50 anos da História Social. Resenha do livro E. P. Thompson: paixão e política.
Collagen degradation in rat skin but not in intestine during rapid growth: effect on collagen types I and III from skin. (1977)

Metabolic degradation of prelabeled collagen in whole body skin and whole intestine was compared to that of types I and III collagens from skin in young, rapidly growing rats. Pregnant rats were given [3H]proline during the last week of gestation; and after birth, littermates were compared. Between the second and sixth weeks of age, there was a 43% loss of radioactivity from dermal collagen but no significant loss of radioactivity from intestinal collagen. Pepsin treatment solubilized 90% of the dermal collagen but only 12% of intestinal collagen. Skin from 2- and 6-week-old rats yielded the same proportions of type I and type III collagens (type I, 82%; type III, 18%). The relative losses of total radioactivity from types I and III were similar to each other (50 and 44%, respectively) and to the loss from whole skin. Because types I and III collagens are known to be present in both skin and intestine, the marked degradation of both collagen types in skin but not in the intestine may be related to the amount and kind of intermolecular crosslinks present.
Stapled Anopexy with Double Stapling: a Safe and Efficient Treatment for Fourth Degree Haemorrhoids (2006)

"Stapled Anopexy with Double Stapling: a Safe and Efficient Treatment for Fourth Degree Haemorrhoids." Acta Chirurgica Belgica, 106(6), pp. 717–718Key Words: Haemorrhoidsstapled anopexystapling Additional informationNotes on contributorsS. PapagrigoriadisS. Papagrigoriadis Department of Colorectal Surgery King’s college Hospital Denmark Hill GB-London SE5 9RS, United. Kingdom E-mail: s.pap@talk21.com
Dynamic capacity allocation for low-cost multicarrier multimode PON (2007)

A stable-matching-based multiuser multicarrier capacity allocation algorithm is proposed. It responds to ONU backlogs and dynamic subchannel gains. Benchmarked against Binary Linear Programming, it results in just 5% less allocated capacity, at much lower complexity. (2 pages)
The gender gap in venture capital- progress, problems, and perspectives (2017)

Financial capital is a critical resource for growing firms, yet women entrepreneurs received very small percent of the funding. This research updates earlier research by the Diana Project using a data base of all venture capital funded firms in the US. We compare funding in those firms led by men and women across stage, sector, state, region and outcomes. Results show women have made progress in attracting venture capital, although there is still a significant gender gap. A research framework and future research directions are proposed.
Size-Aware Cache Management for Compressed Cache Architectures (2014)

A practical way to increase the effective capacity of a microprocessor's cache, without physically increasing the cache size, is to employ data compression. Last-Level Caches (LLC) are particularly amenable to such compression schemes, since the primary purpose of the LLC is to minimize the miss rate, i.e., it directly benefits from a larger logical capacity. In compressed LLCs, the cacheline size varies depending on the achieved compression ratio. Our observations indicate that this size information gives useful hints when managing the cache (e.g., when selecting a victim), which can lead to increased cache performance. However, there are currently no replacement policies tailored to compressed LLCs; existing techniques focus primarily on locality information. This article introduces the concept of size-aware cache management as a way to maximize the performance of compressed caches. Upon analyzing the benefits of considering size information in the management of compressed caches, we propose a novel mechanism-called Effective Capacity Maximizer (ECM)-to further enhance the performance and energy consumption of compressed LLCs. The proposed technique revolves around four fundamental principles: ECM Insertion (ECM-I), ECM Promotion (ECM-P), ECM Eviction Scheduling (ECM-ES), and ECM Replacement (ECM-R). Extensive simulations with memory traces from real applications running on a full-system simulator demonstrate significant improvements compared to compressed cache schemes employing conventional locality-aware cache replacement policies. Specifically, our ECM shows an average effective capacity increase of 18.4 percent over the Least-Recently Used (LRU) policy, and 23.9 percent over the Dynamic Re-Reference Interval Prediction (DRRIP) [1] scheme. This translates into average system performance improvements of 7.2 percent over LRU and 4.2 percent over DRRIP. Moreover, the average energy consumption is also reduced by 5.9 percent over LRU and 3.8 percent over DRRIP.
Leber's Congenital Amaurosis With an Ehlers-Danlos-like Syndrome (1968)

A report is given of a family in which Leber's congenital amaurosis is coexistent with the cutaneous form of the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. The former is quite rare and the latter probably more common than known. Both disorders appear to follow an autosomal, recessive inheritance pattern. The characteristics, brief review of the literature, and postulated pathogenesis are presented. To our knowledge this paper represents the first example of the coexistence of Leber's congenital amaurosis and an Ehlers-Danlos-like syndrome.
Cross Talk Between Cyclic Nucleotides and Polyphosphoinositide Hydrolysis, Protein Kinases, and Contraction in Smooth Muscle (2001)

This article provides an update of a minireview published in 1996 (Abdel-Latif AA. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 211:163-177, 1996), the purpose of which was to examine in nonvascular smooth muscle the biochemical and functional cross talk between the sympathetic nervous system, which governs the formation of cAMP and muscle relaxation, and the parasympathetic nervous system, which governs the generation of IP3 and diacylglycerol, from the polyphosphoinositides, Ca2+ mobilization, and contraction. This review examines further evidence, both from nonvascular and vascular smooth muscle, for cross talk between the cyclic nucleotides, cAMP and cGMP via their respective protein kinases, and the Ca2+-dependent- and Ca2+-independent-signaling pathways involved in agonist-induced contraction. These include the IP3-Ca2+-CaM- myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) pathway and the Ca2+-independent pathways, including protein kinase C-, MAP kinase-, and Rho-kinase. In addition, MLC phosphorylation and contraction can also be increased by a decrease in myosin phosphatase activity. A summary of the cross talk between the cyclic nucleotides and these signaling pathways was presented. In smooth muscle, there are several targets for cyclic nucleotide inhibition and consequent relaxation, including the receptor, G proteins, phospholipase C-beta1-4 isoforms, IP3 receptor, Ca2+ mobilization, MLCK, MAP kinase, Rho-kinase, and myosin phosphatase. While significant progress has been made in the past four years on this cross talk, the precise mechanisms underlying the biochemical basis for the cyclic nucleotide inhibition of Ca2+ mobilization and consequently muscle contraction remain to be established. Although it is well established that second-messenger cross talk plays an important role in smooth muscle relaxation, the many sources which exist in smooth muscle for Ca2+ mobilization, coupled with the multiple signaling pathways involved in agonist-induced contraction, contribute appreciably to the difficulties found by many investigators in identifying the targets for cyclic nucleotide inhibition and consequent relaxation. Better methodology and more novel interdisciplinary approaches are required for elucidating the mechanism(s) of cAMP- and cGMP-inhibition of smooth muscle contraction.