gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Using Two Phosphorescence Materials in a Starburst Hole-Transporting Layer (2012)

We fabricated two kinds of white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs); one consisted of two emissive materials of red and blue, and the other of three emissive materials of red, green, and blue. The red and blue emissive materials were phosphorescent. We evaluated the thickness dependence of the CIE coordinate, the external quantum efficiency (EQE), and the luminance by changing the thicknesses of the Ir(btp)2acac and FIrpic layers. Samples consisting of three emissive materials revealed the best CIE coordinate and the best EQE in the same sample structure. On the other hand, the samples consisting of two emissive materials revealed the best CIE coordinate and the best EQE in different structures. The best CIE coordinate of (0.33, 0.36) was observed by changing the thicknesses of the stacked active layers. The best EQE was 9.73%, which was observed in the sample consisting of different thickness of stacked active layers.
SARS-CoV-2 utilizes a multipronged strategy to suppress host protein synthesis (2020)

Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of the ongoing coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic. Despite the urgent need, we still do not fully understand the molecular basis of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and its ability to antagonize innate immune responses. Here, we use RNA-sequencing and ribosome profiling along SARS-CoV-2 infection and comprehensively define the mechanisms that are utilized by SARS-CoV-2 to shutoff cellular protein synthesis. We show SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to a global reduction in translation but that viral transcripts are not preferentially translated. Instead, we reveal that infection leads to accelerated degradation of cytosolic cellular mRNAs which facilitates viral takeover of the mRNA pool in infected cells. Moreover, we show that the translation of transcripts whose expression is induced in response to infection, including innate immune genes, is impaired, implying infection prevents newly transcribed cellular mRNAs from accessing the ribosomes. Overall, our results uncover the multipronged strategy employed by SARS-CoV-2 to commandeer the translation machinery and to suppress host defenses.
Evaluation of Polar Effects in Hydrogen Atom Transfer Reactions from Activated Phenols (2019)

Evaluation of polar effects in hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) processes is made difficult by the fact that in most cases substrates characterized by lower bond dissociation energies (BDEs), activated from an enthalpic point of view, are also more activated by polar effects. In search of an exception to this general rule, we found that the introduction of a methoxy substituent in the 3-position of 2,6-dimethylphenol results in a small increase in the O-H BDE and a decrease of the ionization potential of the phenol. These findings suggest that the enthalpic effect associated with the addition of the m-methoxy group to 2,6-dimethylphenol will decrease reaction rates, while the polar effects will increase reaction rates. Our model analysis of polar effects has been experimentally validated by comparing the reactivity of 2,6-dimethylphenol with that of 2,6-dimethyl-3-methoxyphenol in HAT promoted by a series of radicals (cumyloxyl, galvinoxyl, 2,2-diphenylpycrylhydrazyl, phthalimide- N-oxyl, and benzotriazole- N-oxyl radicals). In line with our predictions, the ratio of HAT rate constants ( k<sub>H</sub> <sup>mOMe</sup>/ k<sub>H</sub><sup>H</sup>) is larger in cases where there is a greater contribution of polar effects in the HAT reaction, i.e., in HAT promoted by N-oxyl radicals containing electron-withdrawing groups or when more polar solvents are employed.
Total Synthesis of Bongkrekic Acid via Sequential Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling Reactions (2009)

An efficient total synthesis of (+)-bongkrekic acid, a potent apoptosis inhibitor, has been accomplished by employing a convergent strategy based on the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of three fully functionalized segments.
Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: mechanisms of enhancement using prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors. (1997)

Indomethacin has been shown clinically to inhibit growth of SCCHN (Panje, 1981). This inhibition appears to be due to augmentation of cellular immunity. The inhibitory effect of indomethacin may act by limiting tumor associated prostaglandin E2 production, thereby allowing return of costimulatory cytokines by antigen presenting cells. This would have the net result of relief from host unresponsiveness and promotion of B-cell and CTL differentiation, allowing the individual to mount an effective response. The enhancement of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in SCCHN seen with indomethacin administration could presumably be further augmented when given in combination with cytokine therapy. Future investigation may allow the biochemical staging of an individuals' tumor to determine the optimal combination of cytokine therapy and prostaglandin inhibition through selective use of NSAID's. The effect of NSAID manipulation of prostaglandin and leukotriene metabolism on prevention of metastatic disease in SCCHN has yet to be studied. Given that a preselected, potentially responsive subset of immunocytes exists within the tumor tissue and lymph nodes, the development of the LAK phenomenon in TIL's and tumor draining lymph nodes from surgical specimens is a viable and exceedingly interesting area for future investigations in autologous LAK immunotherapy. The potential exists to harvest a preselected population of tumor infiltrating (Boscia, 1988) or tumor draining immunocytes (McKinnon, 1990). These can then potentially be returned to a state of antigen responsiveness with a combination of cytokine exposure (e.g. rIL-2) and systemic cytokine therapy. With subsequent inhibition of tumor associated prostaglandin synthesis by the systemic administration of prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors, it may be possible to successfully alter the host response to tumor.
Reactions of Monoclonal Antibodies to Human MN Blood Groups with red Blood Cells of Subhuman Primates (1987)

All 12 samples of chimpanzee erythrocytes tested were agglutinated by the commercial polyclonal anti-M reagent of rabbit origin, but none was agglutinated by monoclonal anti-M reagent of murine origin. This, as well as results of absorption experiments, showed that the polyclonal and monoclonal anti-M reagents detect different M epitopes. Polyclonal anti-N reagent of rabbit origin and monoclonal reagent of murine origin obtained by immunization with N blood group substance did not react with any chimpanzee erythrocyte samples. On the other hand, monoclonal anti-N reagent originating from immunization with M blood group substance agglutinated two of the 12 tested chimpanzee erythrocyte samples. This and other experimental results strongly suggested that the latter monoclonal anti-N reagent combined with "N" antigen, i.e., an antigen present on glycophorin B of human M as well as N erythrocytes; apparently erythrocytes of some chimpanzees contain also this antigen.
Dual control of inositol transport in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by irreversible inactivation of permease and regulation of permease synthesis by INO2, INO4, and OPI1. (1994)

Uptake of inositol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae is regulated through transcriptional control of the gene that encodes the major inositol permease, ITR1 (Nikawa, J., Tsukagoshi, Y., and Yamashita, S. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266, 11184-11191). ITR1 mRNA abundance decreases when cells are transferred from medium without inositol to medium with inositol. Here we demonstrate that the mechanism of transcriptional regulation of ITR1 is through the action of the INO2, INO4 and OPI1 genes. INO2 and INO4 are required for derepressed levels of ITR1 mRNA, and OPI1 is necessary for repression of transcript levels in response to inositol. The INO2, INO4, and OPI1 genes thus coordinate uptake of inositol to endogenous inositol biosynthesis and to phospholipid biosynthesis. Repression of transcription of ITR1 also requires ongoing synthesis of phosphatidylcholine, defining an additional link between synthesis of phospholipids and regulation of inositol uptake. Analysis showed that the INO1 gene, encoding a key enzyme in the inositol biosynthetic pathway, responded to decreases in permease activity with a graduated increase in the level of INO1 mRNA. We also found that, in addition to the transcriptional regulation, inositol permease activity is regulated by irreversible inactivation. Inactivation of the ITR1 permease occurs in response to the presence of inositol and involves a change in the functional half-life of the protein.
Evaluation of cardiac dysfunction in an animal model of endotoxin-induced septic shock (2008)

Aims: Besides serious inflammatory reactions and multiple organ failure, septic shock leads to cardiac dysfunction and acute heart failure. We aimed to establish a model to examine cardiac function in endotoxic shock in vivo and ex vivo.
Angioplasty and stenting for intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis: position statement of the Hong Kong Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology. (2013)

As a means of preventing secondary ischaemic stroke, angioplasty and stenting are considered potentially beneficial for patients with severe intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis. However, the role of stenting has been challenged since the publication of the first randomised controlled trial on Stenting versus Aggressive Medical Management for Preventing Recurrent stroke in Intracranial arterial Stenosis (SAMMPRIS). This indicated that aggressive medical management was superior to stenting using Wingspan to prevent recurrent stroke, because stenting has a high peri-procedural stroke and death rate. In this paper, we review the management of intracranial atherosclerosis, revisit the skepticism on stenting, and state our position on the topic in the form of recommendations. These are based on the prevalence of the disease in Hong Kong, the high risk of recurrent stroke despite medical therapy in the presence of haemodynamic intracranial stenosis without sufficient collaterals, an analysis of the weak points of SAMMPRIS, and results of clinical studies in Hong Kong.
Ambigol A and B: new biologically active polychlorinated aromatic compounds from the terrestrial blue-green alga Fischerella ambigua (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAmbigol A and B: new biologically active polychlorinated aromatic compounds from the terrestrial blue-green alga Fischerella ambiguaBeatrix S. Falch, Gabriele M. Koenig, Anthony D. Wright, Otto Sticher, Heinz Ruegger, and Gerald BernardinelliCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 24, 6570–6575Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00076a013https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00076a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views519Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Two-dimensional echocardiographic detection of pulmonary venous channel stenosis after Senning's operation. (1983)

Stenosis of the common pulmonary venous (PV) channel after Senning's operation for complete transposition of the great arteries is a serious problem, and a method for noninvasive diagnosis is highly desirable. Therefore, our purpose was to devise a method to diagnose PV channel stenosis noninvasively. The newly created common PV channels were measured and the short-axis views of the left ventricle were observed by means of two-dimensional echocardiography in 16 patients who had undergone Senning's procedure. In seven patients we used the original procedure and in nine patients we used a modified procedure with a pedicled pericardial patch. The shape of the left ventricle became round abruptly when the width of the PV channel decreased below a critical value (a range of 6 to 9 mm). Three patients with a relatively round-shaped left ventricle and a narrow PV channel (below 9 mm) were all confirmed to have PV channel stenosis at reoperation. All of the patients with a wide PV channel (above 10 mm) and a flat-shaped left ventricle were in good condition both clinically and as determined from the catheterization data. After the operation, patients who had tricuspid regurgitation, pulmonary vascular obstruction, or residual left ventricular outflow tract stenosis had a relatively round-shaped left ventricle even though the PV channel was wide enough (above 10 mm). Measurement of the PV channel confirmed the effects of these conditions. Correct diagnosis of PV channel stenosis can therefore be made by observing the shape of the left ventricle and by measuring the PV channel.
A high-efficiency, high-frequency boost converter using enhancement mode GaN DHFETs on silicon (2010)

A boost converter was constructed using a high voltage enhancement mode (E-mode) AlGaN/GaN/AlGaN DHFET transistor grown on Si<;111>. The very low dynamic onresistance (R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">dyn</sub> ≈ 0.23 Ω) and very low gate-charges (e.g. Q <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">gate</sub> ~15 nC at Vos = 200 V) result in minor transistor losses. Together with a proper design of the passive components and the use of SiC diodes, very high overall efficiencies are reached. Measurements show high conversion efficiencies of 96.1% (P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">out</sub> = 106 W, 76 to 142 V at 512.5 kHz) and 93.9% (P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">out</sub> = 97.5 W, 78 to 142 V at 845.2 kHz). These are, to our knowledge, the highest efficiencies reported for an enhancement mode GaN DHFET on Si in this frequency range. The transistor switching losses are concentrated in the turn-on interval, and dominate at high frequencies. This is due to a limited positive gate-voltage swing, as the gate-source diode restricts the positive drive voltage.
Phase II trial of paclitaxel by 24-hour continuous infusion for relapsed non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: Southwest Oncology Group trial 9246. (1998)

Paclitaxel is generally well tolerated when given as a continuous infusion of 175 mg/m2 over 24 hours, despite predictable granulocytopenia. However, single-agent paclitaxel has modest clinical efficacy compared with other available treatments for relapsed NHL.
One-electron spectral weight of the doped two-dimensional Hubbard model (1994)

We have calculated the single-particle density of states N(\ensuremath{\omega}) and the spectral weight A(p,\ensuremath{\omega}) for the doped two-dimensional Hubbard model by combining quantum Monte Carlo simulations with the maximum-entropy analytic continuation technique. We present results for various values of the doping, temperature, and Coulomb repulsion U. For sufficiently strong Coulomb repulsions and near half filling, a Mott-Hubbard pseudogap exists. In this case, we find that a peak develops at the top of the lower Hubbard band near the Fermi level at temperatures of order of the hopping t. The structure of this peak is similar to that seen in the infinite dimensional Hubbard model.
Terahertz radiation from magnetoresistive Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3 thin films (2001)

Terahertz (THz) radiation with its spectrum extending up to 1 THz has been observed by an illumination of femtosecond optical pulses to optical switching devices fabricated on magnetoresistive manganite thin films; Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3. The THz radiation strongly depends on temperature T and its T trend reverses sign across charge-orbital and spin-ordering T.
Ensuring Consistent Results When Microneedling Perioral Rhytides (2017)

Haimovic, Adele MD; Ibrahim, Omer MD; Lee, Nicole Y. MD, MPH; Dover, Jeffrey S. MD, FRCPC Author Information
Isolation and X‐ray Structural Determination of Both Folded and Twisted Conformers of Bis{4<i>H</i>,8<i>H</i>‐4‐(dicyanomethylene)‐benzo[1,2‐<i>c</i>:4,5‐<i>c</i>′]bis[1,2,5]thiadiazol‐8‐ylidene}, an Overcrowded Ethylene with High Electron Affinity (1997)

Reversible machano- and thermochromic behavior are-features of the title bis(tricyclic) olefin. These characteristics are a consequence of the different proper ties of the interconvertible folded and twisted confomers. Despite the severe molecular deformation the conductive charge-transfer complexes and stable salts of the radical anion could be isolated due to their strong electron affinity.
ITC Commentary on Metformin Clinical Drug–Drug Interaction Study Design That Enables an Efficacy‐ and Safety‐Based Dose Adjustment Decision (2018)

Metformin drug-drug interaction (DDI) studies are conducted during development of drugs that inhibit organic cation transporters and/or multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins (OCTs/MATEs). Monitoring solely changes in systemic exposure, the typical DDI study endpoint appears inadequate for metformin, which is metabolically stable, has poor passive membrane permeability, and undergoes transporter-mediated tissue distribution and clearance. Evaluation of renal clearance, antihyperglycemic effects, and potentially lactate as an exploratory safety marker, can support rational metformin dose adjustment. The proposed DDI study design aims to adequately inform metformin dosing during comedication.
Gold Nano‐Antennas for Increasing Luminescence (2004)

Energy transfer between nanoscale particles is demonstrated for a gold/rare-earth oxide nanocomposite. The gold nanoparticle acts as an antenna, absorbing light that can then be transferred to the bound rare-earth oxide (see Figure), enhancing the oxide luminescence by a factor of 40. This could provide a route to enhanced fluorescence labels for biological systems based on optimized absorber and emitter nanocomposite tags.
A Multicenter Study of the Safety and Effectiveness of Hyaluronic Acid with a Cohesive Polydensified Matrix for Treatment of Nasolabial Folds in Subjects with Fitzpatrick Skin Types IV, V, and VI (2013)

Background: Although the use of the hyaluronic acid with cohesive polydensified matrix hyaluronic acid has been well explored in subjects with lighter skin (i.e., Fitzpatrick skin types I, II, and III), further exploration in subjects with Fitzpatrick skin types IV, V, and IV is warranted. The primary purpose of the study was to assess the safety of a cohesive polydensified matrix hyaluronic acid in the correction of nasolabial folds in subjects with Fitzpatrick skin types IV, V and VI, especially assessment of hyperpigmentation, hypopigmentation, and scarring. Effectiveness was also assessed. Methods: A total of 93 subjects were enrolled in this 24-week investigation at three sites in the United States. All were injected bilaterally for nasolabial fold correction with cohesive polydensified matrix hyaluronic acid. Assessments included the recording of adverse events; injected volumes; wrinkle severity ratings; and global aesthetic improvement by evaluating investigators, treating investigators, and study subjects. Results: Injection of cohesive polydensified matrix hyaluronic acid for the treatment of nasolabial folds in subjects with Fitzpatrick skin types IV, V, and VI showed no evidence of an association with hypopigmentation, hyperpigmentation, or scarring. Adverse events reported were typical of dermal filler injections with respect to type, rate, duration, and severity. Conclusion: Cohesive polydensified matrix hyaluronic acid is a safe and well-tolerated dermal filler for subjects with Fitzpatrick skin types IV, V, and VI.
Genome-Wide Assessment Of World-Wide Poultry Biodiversity (2008)

Genetic diversity is the key to all genetic progress, past and future. Over the last 10,000 years, poultry was domesticated first from the wild jungle fowl, then in the last 1,000 years into standard breeds. In the last century, those breeds have been further reduced into a few commercially produced types. These lines have since been strongly selected for both growth and egg production among other traits. During this process, genetic variability has been lost at each step. Important issues include: ¿How much variability has been lost¿ and ¿Is there adequate variability to meet future challenges, such as new diseases"? To achieve this goal, a panel of 2551 informative SNPs were genotyped on 2580 individuals including 1440 commercial birds. Allele loss was assessed by determining the relationship with inbreeding, and through the use of SNP ¿weights¿ that correct for ascertainment bias and avoid the need to extrapolate from the inbreeding coefficient. The methods presented are general and could be used to assess loss of biodiversity based on SNP panels. Results indicate that sampled broiler lines of multiple companies have lost between 55%-70% of allelic diversity while sampled layer lines of one commercial layer company have lost between 80%-90% of allelic diversity. However, Insillico crosses among lines show that many of the lost alleles can be found in other lines within the company resulting in true loss across the industry of approximately 50%. However, the alleles lost were primarily those that were rare; it is not known if rare vs. common alleles are more or less likely to be important for response to new challenges. These allele may still exist in standard breeds or wild birds, but the issue remains of how to assess the importance of those alleles to phenotype, and/or how to move them into commercial populations without introducing unwanted alleles.