gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Determining Activation Volume for the Pressure‐Induced Phase Transformation in β‐Eucryptite Through Nanoindentation (2012)

β‐eucryptite ( LiAlSiO 4 ) has received widespread attention, both industrially and academically because of its low negative average coefficient of thermal expansion ( CTE ) and one dimensional Li‐ion conductivity. It undergoes a reversible pressure‐induced phase transformation at ~1 GPa to a metastable polymorph, ε‐eucryptite. In the present work, low load (~30 μN) nanoindentation tests were performed on polycrystalline and single crystal β‐eucryptite to characterize this phase transformation. Hundreds of tests at several loading rates revealed a rate‐dependence, with higher loading rates suppressing the deviation from isotropic elastic behavior—a signature of a thermally‐activated process. The occurrence of reversible hysteretic loops in the load‐displacement curves is consistent with a reversible process during nanoindentation, viz. the phase transformation. Calculations of the activation volume suggest that the nucleation event that is believed to mark the onset of the phase transformation is approximately the size of the silica and alumina tetrahedra comprising the β‐eucryptite structure. This study provides fundamental insights into the mechanism of pressure‐induced phase transformation in β‐eucryptite.
Polymerization of vinyl chloride by organolithium compounds. II. Polymerization of vinyl chloride by organolithium complexes (1973)

Abstract The study of the polymerization of vinyl chloride by organolithium compounds was further extended to also cover polymerizations by complex catalysts containing alkyllithium together with dicyclopentadienyl titanium dichloride (Cp 2 TiCl 2 ). Attention was paid to the effects of (a) the concentration of the complex and (b) the ratio at which the fundamental components were employed in the complex on conversion and molecular weight of the resulting product of polymerization.
Subcapsular hematoma in blunt splenic injury (2015)

Therapeutic study, level IV.
Traffic Management for Content Distribution Using Virtualized Hosts over Cloud Services (2011)

While information and communication technologies (ICT) are expected to improve energy efficiency, the spread of ICT will also increase power consumption by server loads and network traffic. In this paper, we present a traffic management scheme to control traffic volume and server load by using a virtual machine (VM) in cloud architecture. The proposed scheme solves the inefficiency concerning the difference in number between content distributions and playback. As a result, this scheme reduces network traffic volume by suppressing unnecessary content distribution. This scheme also reduces total server load efficiently by concentrating the load of playing back content on a smaller number of VMs. We evaluated the load reduced by our scheme and found that the load for distributing contents is drastically reduced. Our proposed scheme is expected to contribute to achieving a low carbonization society in the fight against global warming problems.
Multiple Bonds between Transition Metals and “Bare” Main Group Elements: Links between Inorganic Solid State Chemistry and Organometallic Chemistry (1986)

Abstract The last two decades have seen a dramatic development in the study of metal‐metal multiple bonds, particular successes being recorded in the field of organometallic chemistry. Syntheses designed to produce novel transition metal complexes with single, double, triple and quadruple metal‐metal bonds occupy a most important place in such research, as also do reactivity studies. A striving to establish general principles has provided much of the motivation for such work, but one less obvious goal—the commercial application of the catalytic properties of metal‐metal multiple bonding systems, in the medium and long term—should not be overlooked. All aspects of the investigations of metal‐metal multiple bonds also apply to a particular class of compound that has, however, enjoyed little lime‐light and thus deserves the present review: complexes with multiple bonds between transition metals and substituent‐free (“bare”) main group elements. Although based mostly on accidental discoveries, the few noteworthy examples are now beginning to unfold general concepts of synthesis that are capable of being extended and thus are deserving of exploitation in preparative chemistry. The availability of further structural patterns exhibiting multiple bonds between transition metals and ligand‐free main group elements might enable preparative organometallic chemistry to expand in a completely new direction (for instance by the stabilizing or activation of small molecules at the metal complex). This essay discusses the chemistry of complexes of bare carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen ligands (carbido‐, nitrido‐, and oxo‐complexes) and their relationships to higher homologues from both a synthetic and a structural point of view.
Intermittent thiamine deficiency in the rhesus monkey. I. Progression of neurological signs and neuroanatomical lesions (1983)

Rhesus monkeys were subjected to one, two, or four periods of thiamine deficiency to determine how the number of deprivation episodes affects the development and progression of neurological and neuropathological changes. Recurrent thiamine deprivation produced all major neurological signs and most of the anatomical lesions found in Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. Neither the number and gravity of neurological symptoms nor the extent or location of lesions was related to the number of deprivation periods in a simple way. Thus, some structures, such as the inferior colliculus and medial vestibular nuclei, were affected after only one period of deficiency. Other structures, such as the parafascicular nucleus of the thalamus, were more resistant and exhibited degeneration only after four periods of thiamine deprivation. Severe damage in the basal ganglia was infrequent and was associated with prolonged rather than multiple periods of deprivation. No parenchymal damage was found in the mammillary bodies or mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus, suggesting that lesions in these prominent sites of damage in Wernicke-Korsakoff disease develop only in the most advanced stages of thiamine deprivation. As a consequence of individual differences in susceptibility to thiamine deficiency, neurological symptoms and signs were more related to the profile of neural damage than to the number or duration of deprivation episodes.
When “Optimal Filtering” Isn’t (2016)

The so-called “optimal filter” analysis of a microcalorimeter's x-ray pulses is statistically optimal only if all pulses have the same shape, regardless of energy. However, the shapes of pulses from a nonlinear detector can and do depend on the pulse energy. A pulse-fitting procedure that we call “tangent filtering” accounts for the energy dependence of the shape and should, therefore, achieve superior energy resolution. We take a geometric view of the pulse-fitting problem and give expressions to predict how much the energy resolution stands to benefit from such a procedure. We also demonstrate the method with a case study of K-line fluorescence from several 3d transition metals. The method improves the resolution from 4.9 to 4.2 eV at the Cu K <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\alpha$</tex-math></inline-formula> line (8.0 keV).
SLC25A32 sustains cancer cell proliferation by regulating flavin adenine nucleotide (FAD) metabolism (2020)

SLC25A32 is a member of the solute carrier 25 family of mitochondrial transporters. SLC25A32 transports tetrahydrofolate (THF) as well as FAD into mitochondria and regulates mitochondrial one-carbon metabolism and redox balance. While it is known that cancer cells require one-carbon and FAD-dependent mitochondrial metabolism to sustain cell proliferation, the role of SLC25A32 in cancer cell growth remains unexplored. Our results indicate that the <i>SLC25A32</i> gene is highly amplified in different tumors and that amplification correlates with increased mRNA expression and reduced patients´ survival. siRNA-mediated knock-down and CRISPR-mediated knock-out of SLC25A32 in cancer cells of different origins, resulted in the identification of cell lines sensitive and resistant to SLC25A32 inhibition. Mechanistically, tracing of deuterated serine revealed that SLC25A32 knock-down does not affect the mitochondrial/cytosolic folate flux as measured by Liquid Chromatography coupled Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). Instead, SLC25A32 inhibition results in a respiratory chain dysfunction at the FAD-dependent complex II enzyme, induction of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and depletion of reduced glutathione (GSH), which impairs cancer cell proliferation. Moreover, buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) treatment further sensitizes cells to ROS-mediated inhibition of cell proliferation upon SLC25A32 knock-down. Treatment of cells with the FAD precursor riboflavin and with GSH rescues cancer cell proliferation upon SLC25A32 down-regulation. Our results indicate that the reduction of mitochondrial FAD concentrations by targeting SLC25A32 has potential clinical applications as a single agent or in combination with approved cancer drugs that lead to increased oxidative stress and reduced tumor growth.
[Intratesticular hemorrhage mimicking a tumor]. (1990)

The authors describe a case of painless swelling of the testis considered, both clinically and by echography, as a tumor, and which was submitted to an orchiectomy. The histopathological examination showed an extended, not organised, intratesticular haematoma. The review of the bibliography confirms the difficulties in the pre-operative diagnosis of testis tumours.
Quantitative Processing of Cardiac Dynamic Patient Data With Slow Camera Rotation (2006)

A study aimed at the extraction of kinetic information from clinical cardiac SPECT is presented. A dual head SPECT system with high resolution parallel-hole collimators was used for imaging the distribution and kinetics of <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">201</sup> Tl at rest and <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">99m</sup> Tc-sestamibi at stress in the myocardium of patients. Dynamic acquisition was performed for each pharmaceutical by acquiring 48 tomographic projection sets over a 30 min period. Both the dynamic datasets and the summed dataset were reconstructed using a standard voxelized reconstruction approach and a new point cloud grid multi-resolution representation. ROI analysis was used to extract dynamic information from the scan data acquired 30 seconds or more after the start of acquisition. Since the dynamics of the initial injected bolus are too fast in order to obtain a consistent tomographic data set during the first 36 seconds of the scan, an estimate of the time activity curve for the blood input was obtained by applying factor analysis directly to the projections. Time basis functions and expansion coefficients for each image element in the point cloud representation were estimated from projections using conjugate gradient optimization.
Cyclophan-Metall-Komplexe: Synthese und Kristallstruktur von ([2](l,4)Naphthalino[2]paracyclophan)gallium(I)-tetrabromogallat(III)/Cyclophane Metal Complexes: Synthesis and Crystal Structure of ([2]( 1,4)Naphthalino[2]paracyclophane)gallium(I) Tetrabromogallate(III) (1987)

Abstract The title complex has been prepared from Ga[GaBr 4 ] and [2](1,4)naphthalino[2]paracyclophane in toluene as a solvent, and the crystal structure of this adduct determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The structure is composed of dimeric units Ga 2 [GaBr 4 ] 2 , which are crosslinked into sheets through Ga(I)-arene coordination. Both the benzene ring and the substituted ring of the naphthalene system are η 6 -bonded from the outer side of the cyclophane cage, each to an univalent metal. The benzene and the naphthalene form an interplane angle of 49.3°. The distance to the benzene ring (2.67 Å) is much shorter than the distance to the naphthalene (2.85 Å), suggesting a stronger complexation with the unperturbed π-system of the former. [2.2](l,4)Naphthalinophane forms no adduct with Ga[GaBr 4 ], and with [2](l,5)naphthalino[2]paracyclophane secondary reactions are observed.
Computer numerically controlled plasma chemical vaporization machining with a pipe electrode for optical fabrication (1998)

We have developed a chemical vaporization machining device that has computer numerically controlled plasma, by using a pipe electrode for optical fabrications. In this device, less than approximately 1 atm of pressure, plasma is generated around the tip of a pipe electrode. During the process, a workpiece is scanned against the electrode under computer control to achieve the desired shape to be removed. A workpiece of silica glass plate is shaped by use of this device, and the removal characteristics of the device are examined. The equations to characterize numerically the shape resulting from scanning of a workpiece have been derived. The new device allows the high precision of optics from the micrometer to the nanometer level with high-speed removal. The shaped surface is sufficiently smooth to be suitable for optical use.
Inferring nonlinear distortion performance of power amplifiers subject to telecommunications signals from two-tone measurements (2005)

This work discusses the use of standard two-tone tests for assessing the nonlinear distortion performance of microwave power amplifiers under real telecommunications stimuli. Although it is shown that critical points of intermodulation distortion behavior found in the two-tone responses may not be exactly identified under real stimuli, the deduced similarity of behavior proved the utility of these traditional two-tone tests as a first and simple performance check.
Induction of type I interferons by bacteria (2010)

Type I interferons (IFNs) are secreted cytokines that orchestrate diverse immune responses to infection. Although typically considered to be most important in the response to viruses, type I IFNs are also induced by most, if not all, bacterial pathogens. Although diverse mechanisms have been described, bacterial induction of type I IFNs occurs upon stimulation of two main pathways: (i) Toll-like receptor (TLR) recognition of bacterial molecules such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS); (ii) TLR-independent recognition of molecules delivered to the host cell cytosol. Cytosolic responses can be activated by two general mechanisms. First, viable bacteria can secrete stimulatory ligands into the cytosol via specialized bacterial secretion systems. Second, ligands can be released from bacteria that lyse or are degraded. The bacterial ligands that induce the cytosolic pathways remain uncertain in many cases, but appear to include various nucleic acids. In this review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of how bacteria induce type I interferons and the roles type I IFNs play in host immunity.
Multiple-view constrained clustering for unsupervised face identification in TV-broadcast (2014)

Our goal is to automatically identify faces in TV broadcast without a pre-defined dictionary of identities. Most methods are based on identity detection (from OCR and ASR) and require a propagation strategy based on visual clustering. In TV content, people appear with many variations making the clustering difficult. In this case, speaker clustering can be a reliable link for face clustering. We propose in this paper to build automatically an incomplete speaker-face mapping based on local evidence of OCR and Lip activity links. Then, we propose schemes of speaker constraints propagation to the face constrained-clustering problem. Experiments performed on the REPERE corpus show an improvement of face identification by propagating names to face clusters (+3.7% F-measure compared to the baseline).
Searching for the Slater Transition in the Pyrochlore Cd$_{2}$Os$_{2}$O$_{7}$ with Infrared Spectroscopy (2002)

Infrared reflectance measurements were made on the single crystal pyrochlore Cd$_{2}$Os$_{2}$O$_{7}$ in order to examine the transformations of the electronic structure and crystal lattice across the boundary of the metal insulator transition at $T_{MIT}=226K$. All predicted IR active phonons are observed in the conductivity over all temperatures and the oscillator strength is found to be temperature independent. These results indicate that charge ordering plays only a minor role in the MIT and that the transition is strictly electronic in nature. The conductivity shows the clear opening of a gap with $2Δ=5.2k_{B}T_{MIT}$. The gap opens continuously, with a temperature dependence similar to that of BCS superconductors, and the gap edge having a distinct $σ(ω)\thicksimω^{1/2}$ dependence. All of these observables support the suggestion of a Slater transition in Cd$_{2}% $Os$_{2}$O$_{7}$.
Novel Function of the Retinoblastoma Protein in Fat: Regulation of White Versus Brown Adipocyte Differentiation (2004)

The differentiation of white and brown fat cells is controlled by a similar set of transcription factors, including PPARgamma and C/EBPalpha. However, despite many similarities between the two types of fat cells, they carry out essentially opposite functions in vivo, with white adipocytes being the major energy store and brown adipocytes being potent energy-dissipaters through thermogenesis. Yet, little is known about factors differentially regulating the formation of white and brown fat cells. Members of the retinoblastoma protein family (pRB, p107, p130) have been implicated in the regulation of adipocyte differentiation, and expression and phosphorylation of the three retinoblastoma family proteins oscillate in a characteristic manner during differentiation of the white preadipocyte cell line 3T3-L1. We have recently demonstrated a surprising function of the retinoblastoma protein in the regulation of white versus brown adipocyte differentiation in vitro and possibly in vivo. Here we summarize the current knowledge on the retinoblastoma protein in fat cells, with particular emphasis on its potential role in adipocyte lineage commitment and differentiation.
DUAL GRADIENT THICK-FILM METAL OXIDE GAS SENSO (1999)

We describe the technology and characteristics of a family of thick-film gas sensors as simple to manufacture as a oneelement sensor, but whose signal can be as rich as that of an array of twenty-five or more discrete sensors. This sensor design is particularly well adapted to using pattern recognition and related methods of analyte identification and quantitation based on the co-interpreted response of multiple sensors. Our (TM) prototype sensors are constructed on alumina Snapstrates intended for 20-pin DIP hybrid circuit substrates. A printed precious metal alloy electrode pattern provides pin connection pads, electrodes for mapping the gas-sensitive resistance of the overprinted metal oxide thick-film, and connections to an overprinted ohmic heater. Gradients in one or two different catalytic properties can be imposed across the short dimension and along the long dimension of the film. Each gradient can be continuous, for example a catalyst concentration gradient across or along the film, or discrete, for example three stripes across or nine stripes along the film, each of different but uniform catalyst concentration and composition. Depending on the electrode pattern used, the resistances of up to twentyfive usefully distinct surface regions can be measured. While these regions are effectively separate sensors, they share an identical history, and in operation share an identical environment. Thus differential effects from region to region can be attributed with certainty to differential responses to the same sample. Several electrode patterns and thick-film formulations have been investigated. Measurements to date confirm the validity of the design, and suggest directions in which evolution of the fabrication technology might be directed. Future possibilities include making essentially continuous surfacelocation-resolved measurements, adding gradients in the third spatial dimension, and using temporal as well as spatial gradients.
A 3.1 - 4.8 GHz CMOS UWB Power Amplifier Using Current Reused Technique (2009)

This paper describes the design of a 3.1 to 4.8 GHz CMOS power amplifier (PA) for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications using TSMC 0.18-mum CMOS technology. The UWB PA proposed in this paper employs cascode topology with an additional common source stage to achieve high power gain. The current reused technique is implemented to enhance the gain at the upper end of the desired band for gain flatness and the resistive feedback at the second stage is used to improve wideband matching. The post-layout simulation results indicate that the gain at the upper end of desired frequency is increased about 11 dB and the gain flatness of 18.4 plusmn 1 dB is achieved, improved the linearity at an input 1-dB compression point of 10.6 dBm, and consumes low power (22 mW) at 1.0 V DC supply voltages.
<b>Physical Properties of the Tricyclopropylmethyl Cation</b> (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhysical Properties of the Tricyclopropylmethyl CationNorman C. Deno, Herman G. Richey, Jane S. Liu, James D. Hodge, John J. Houser, and Max J. WisotskyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1962, 84, 10, 2016–2017Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00869a058https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00869a058research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views94Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts