gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Experiences with Distributed Open Source Courses (2003)

The field of information technology extends continuously. This implies an increased number of IT professionals as well as rapidly evolving technologies. In universities, the challenge is to manage increasingly large student groups, while at the same time the teachers need to use a lot of time in developing new IT courses and updating the old courses. Unfortunately, many universities face the lack of teaching resources to deal with the situation. To address these problems we have started an Open Source Courseware (OSCu) project. The fundamental goal of the project is to increase cooperation between universities in course development. In this project we produce open source course materials, and use these materials for distributing courses to several universities. The distributed course model offers universities an easy and inexpensive way to broaden their course selection and to distribute knowledge between teaching personnel from different universities. This paper introduces the principles of the course material production and the distributed course organization in the OSCu project. We also discuss the issues noticed when planning and implementing our first course according these principles during spring 2002.
Variable-Potential Image Intensification in the Field-Ion Microscope (1965)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Victor G. Weizer; Variable‐Potential Image Intensification in the Field‐Ion Microscope. J. Appl. Phys. 1 June 1965; 36 (6): 2090–2091. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1714419 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioJournal of Applied Physics Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Image Learning of Electric Characteristics of Resistance, Capacitance, Inductance, and their Circuits by Java Programming (2014)

Java programs with a graphical user interface (GUI) environment have been developed for an image learning of electric characteristics of resistance (R), capacitance (C), inductance (L), and their circuits. Text fields of selected parameters for the numerical calculation of the differential equations to describe the electric characteristics of the circuit are set on the display, such as the frequency of applied voltage and the values of R, C, L, time increments, and calculation times. The calculation used Runge-Kutta method is initiated by clicking the start button after inputting the desired values into the text fields. The calculated results are plotted immediately after the completion of the calculation as a figure on the display for the simulation of the electric characteristics of the circuit, such as changes in the voltages and currents with time. By changing the values in the text fields, the new results are represented immediately, and the new electric characteristics of the new circuit can be easily simulated. These Java programs are useful in education applications for rapidly and accurately image learning for the electric characteristics of the circuit. This program is also useful for learning the phenomena expressed by ordinary differential equations.
First-in-human trial of multikinase VEGF inhibitor regorafenib and anti-EGFR antibody cetuximab in advanced cancer patients (2017)

clinicaltrials.gov NCT02095054FUNDING. The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center is supported by the NIH Cancer Center Support Grant CA016672. This work was supported in part by the Cancer Prevention Research Institute of Texas grant RP110584 and National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences grant UL1 TR000371 (Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences).
Design of a CMOS UWB receiver front-end with noise-cancellation and current-reuse (2010)

The design of an ultra-wideband (UWB) CMOS receiver front-end that integrates a broadband single-ended low-noise amplifier (LNA) and a quadrature downconversion balun-mixer is presented. Noise-canceling technique is employed in the LNA to decouple input match from noise figure (NF). To be directly driven by the LNA, the balun-mixer has a single-ended input double-balanced topology. For low power consumption, both the LNA buffer and the active balun are embedded in the mixer design with bias current reused. Drawing 21 mA from 1.5V, the receiver front-end simulates a voltage conversion gain of 29 dB with an input IP3 of -14 dBm. Over the 3.1-10.6 GHz UWB band, an NF of 4-5.1 dB and an S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> <;-10 dB are obtained.
A New Correlation For Two Phase Inflow Performance Relationship in Horizantal Wells (2015)

Abstract Petroleum engineers are routinely required to estimate the production behavior of individual oil wells. Having an idea of the pressure-rate behavior enables engineers to evaluate various operating scenarios to ascertain the optimum production scheme. This also facilitates understanding how to design and install surface and subsurface production equipment whenever necessary. Knowledge of pressure-rate behavior is necessary for designing and evaluating stimulation treatments, or any operation that might improve flow efficiency. Estimates of future performance are also required for forecasting and planning purposes. The actual production mechanism and reservoir flow regimes around the horizontal well are considered more complicated than those for the vertical wells. Some combination of both linear and radial flow actually exists in the horizontal well. In literature, several authors such as Bendakhlia and Aziz, Cheng, and Retnanto and Economides concluded that the shape of measured inflow performance relationships (IPRs) is similar to the estimated IPR by Vogel. This paper critically evaluates the following analytical equations: modified Vogel's equation, Cheng's equation, Bendakhlia and Aziz's equation, and Retnanto and Economides' equation. These existing models are used to estimate the inflow performance relationship of two-phase flow in horizontal wells. In addition, a new correlation is presented for two-phase flow in horizontal wells that has fewer errors and is better fitting compared to the other correlations in the literature mentioned above. After the filtration process, a total of 62 sets of downhole production data were used for 18 horizontal wells. This data was utilized to evaluate the current two-phase IPR correlation for horizontal well. The data is also used to develop a new correlation that has less errors comparing with existing correlations and shows better fitting. A new classification range of 1 5 &lt; P I &lt; 1 5 is used in this study. For PI &lt; 15 it was observed that Cheng's then Bendakhlia and Aziz's equations were the best with an error of 12.9% and 13.3% respectively. The Retnanto and Economides equation did not fit with the used data, which has an error of 93%, while the proposed correlation was the best compared to others with an error of 11%. For PI &gt; 15 the following was noticed: Vogel's then Bendakhlia and Aziz's equations were the best with errors of 26% and 30%, respectively. Retnanto and Economides equation did not fit with the used data, which has an error of 207%, while the proposed correlation shows the best compared to other equations with an error of 13%.
Passage of Heme-Iron Across the Envelope of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (2003)

The cell wall envelope of Gram-positive pathogens functions as a scaffold for the attachment of virulence factors and as a sieve that prevents diffusion of molecules. Here the isd genes (iron-regulated surface determinant) of Staphylococcus aureus were found to encode factors responsible for hemoglobin binding and passage of heme-iron to the cytoplasm, where it acts as an essential nutrient. Heme-iron passage required two sortases that tether Isd proteins to unique locations within the cell wall. Thus, Isd appears to act as an import apparatus that uses cell wall-anchored proteins to relay heme-iron across the bacterial envelope.
Optimisation of Asymmetrical Bandpass Filters (2002)

A numerical method for the optimization of asymmetrical bandpass filters with Chebyshev response is considered. By exploiting the fact that a network based on Chebyshev prototypes has a prescribed number of turning points in the insertion loss and an identical number of independent parameters which can be assigned as variables to adjust their levels the method gives fast convergence. The design of asymmetrical ridged waveguide bandpass filters is considered as example. Measurements on a fabricated filter confirm the accuracy of he design procedure.
Detection of Intersubband Transitions in Gallium Arsenide Coupled Quantum Wells by Hot Electron Effects (1997)

We investigate the effect of Far-Infrared (FIR) radiation on carriers in GaAs/AlGaAs Coupled Quantum Well (CQW) photodiodes. The FIR can induce transitions between the lowest two electronic subbands of our device, which anti-cross as a bias is applied. The effect of FIR on the photocurrent and photoluminescence is studied as a function of the FIR wavelength and the applied bias. We find evidence for the intersubband transition through carrier heating effects.
Gold‐Nanoparticle Sensors: Visualizing Human Telomerase Activity with Primer‐Modified Au Nanoparticles (Small 2/2012) (2012)

The cover picture features how human telomerase activity can be visualized using primer-modified Au nanoparticles (AuNPs). Telomerase is over-expressed in over 85% of all known human tumors, making the enzyme a valuable biomarker for cancer diagnosis and an important therapeutic target. The working principle in the strategy featured here is based on elongated primers conjugated to a AuNP surface, which can fold into a G-quadruplex to protect the AuNPs from aggregation. This simple and sensitive colorimetric assay can measure telomerase activity down to 1 HeLa cell μL−1. More importantly, it can be easily extended to a high-throughput and automatic format. The method does not involve polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and therefore avoids amplification-related errors, making it reliable for the evaluation of telomerase activity. It is successfully used for the initial screening of telomerase inhibitors as anticancer drug agents. For more information, please read the Full Paper “Visualizing Human Telomerase Activity with Primer-Modified Au Nanoparticles” by X. Qu and co-workers, beginning on page 259.
Evolution of ZnS Nanostructure Morphology under Interfacial Free-Energy Control (2008)

Under hydrothermal conditions and extremely high NaOH activity, ZnS forms nanostructures with complex morphologies that are based upon individual or interpenetrating nanosheets. Nanostructure morphology is independent of the size of the ZnS precursor (3 nm, 20 nm, or bulk) but varies systematically with NaOH concentration, producing compact microspheres, open nest- and flowerlike structures, and finally, individual nanosheets. The observations are consistent with a concept of nanostructure morphology controlled by a single parameter—the interfacial free energy of the ZnS (001) face. The synthesis of thermodynamically stable nanostructures open opportunities for new synthetic routes of materials with complex architectures.
Pore-forming Esx proteins mediate toxin secretion by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (2021)

Mycobacterium tuberculosis secretes the tuberculosis necrotizing toxin (TNT) to kill host cells. Here, we show that the WXG100 proteins EsxE and EsxF are essential for TNT secretion. EsxE and EsxF form a water-soluble heterodimer (EsxEF) that assembles into oligomers and long filaments, binds to membranes, and forms stable membrane-spanning channels. Electron microscopy of EsxEF reveals mainly pentameric structures with a central pore. Mutations of both WXG motifs and of a GXW motif do not affect dimerization, but abolish pore formation, membrane deformation and TNT secretion. The WXG/GXW mutants are locked in conformations with altered thermostability and solvent exposure, indicating that the WXG/GXW motifs are molecular switches controlling membrane interaction and pore formation. EsxF is accessible on the bacterial cell surface, suggesting that EsxEF form an outer membrane channel for toxin export. Thus, our study reveals a protein secretion mechanism in bacteria that relies on pore formation by small WXG proteins.
Diffracted Light Contrast: Improving the Resolution of a Basic Light Microscope by an Order of Magnitude (2006)

Abstract The discovery that the diffracted light from a convex edge can be used to form a very high-quality, shadowcast image on any light microscope has led to a device and method, diffracted-light contrast (DLC), which will allow shadowcast imaging to be routinely performed on student/laboratory microscopes (Piekos, 1999, 2003). The surface lattice of Surirella gema was easily resolved, and micrographs comparing the subcellular details of buccal epithelial cells viewed with DLC vs. Nomarski DIC showed that, on the microscopes used, DLC was superior in both the detail it rendered and depth of field. Although the images presented revealed DLC to be an excellent technique, the full capabilities of the technique were not known at the time.
Solution of contact problems between rough body surfaces with non matching meshes using a parallel mortar method (2018)

The mechanical behavior of fractures in solids, such as rocks, has strong implications for reservoir engineering applications. Deformations, and the corresponding change in solid contact area and aperture field, impact rock fracture stiffness and permeability thus altering the reservoir properties significantly. Simulating contact between fractures is numerically difficult as the non-penetration constraints lead to a nonlinear problem and the surface meshes of the solid bodies on the opposing fracture sides may be non-matching. Here we use a parallel mortar method to resolve the contact conditions between the non-matching surfaces, a three dimensional finite element formulation of linear elasticity and linearized contact conditions. The contact method is numerically stable and neither the solution nor the convergence depend on a penalty parameter. We present contact stresses, interior stresses and normal closure behavior for contact simulations of rough fractures, with geometries created from fractured granite specimens from the Grimsel test site in Switzerland. Our implementation uses open source software components which are designed for parallel computing in HPC environments.
STRA8-deficient spermatocytes initiate, but fail to complete, meiosis and undergo premature chromosome condensation (2008)

We analysed the phenotypic outcome of a Stra8-null mutation on male meiosis. Because the mutant spermatocytes (1) underwent premeiotic DNA replication, (2) displayed cytological features attesting initiation of recombination and of axial-element assembly, and (3) expressed Spo11 and numerous other meiotic genes, it was concluded that STRA8 is dispensable for meiotic initiation. The few mutant spermatocytes that progressed beyond leptonema showed a prolonged bouquet-stage configuration, asynapsis and heterosynapsis, suggesting function(s) of STRA8 in chromosome pairing. Most importantly, a large number of mutant leptotene spermatocytes underwent premature chromosome condensation, within 24 hours following the meiotic S phase. This phenomenon yielded aberrant metaphase-like cells with 40 univalent chromosomes, similar to normal mitotic metaphases. From these latter observations and from the wild-type pattern of Stra8 expression, we propose that, in preleptotene spermatocytes, STRA8 is involved in the process that leads to stable commitment to the meiotic cell cycle.
The expression of TLRs and TRP channel in pulmonary sensory neuron in bleomycin induced fibrosis model (2017)

There has been no study of Toll-like receptor (TLR) expression in lung-derived sensory neurons and their relevance to respiratory symptoms such as cough. In this study, we used the bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis (PF) model to investigate the increase of TLR expression in pulmonary neurons and the association of TLRs with transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in pulmonary neurons. Male Spraque–Dawley rats were given a single dose of bleomycin (2.5 mg/kg, intratracheally) in PF model groups and saline in control group. 1,19-dioctadecyl-3,3,3 9, 39-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI) labeling was used to identify pulmonary sensory neurons from the nodose/jugular ganglion (NJG) and the dorsal root ganglion (DRG). Expression of TLRs and TRP channels was analyzed using single cell RT PCR in isolated sensory neurons. TLR2 expression were detected in 29.5% (18/61 neurons) and 26.9% (21/78) of DiI labeled pulmonary NJG neurons and DRG neurons in PF model, respectively. TLR5 were also detected in 55.7% (34/61) and 42.3% (33/78) of pulmonary NJG neurons and DRG neurons of PF model, respectively. Expression of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) and transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) were observed in 19.5%, 38% and 14.6% of TRPM8 positive neurons. And TLR5 was expressed in 63.4% of TRPV1 positive cells. TLR2 and TLR5 expression were enhanced especially in vagal neurons in PF model group. It also showed co-expression of TLR5 and TRP channels in pulmonary sensory neurons. . It might involve in controlling and manifesting clinical symptoms such as cough.
High Temperature Deformation Behavior and Microstructure Change in Nano Grain Composites (2007)

One of the authors proposed a non-equilibrium powder metallurgy process, which enables the fabrication of a near net-shape product using TiC and TiN/Silicide ceramic composites. The PM process in combination with mechanical alloying (MA) and Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) are applied to produce nano-grain composite, TiC/Ti5Si3. Powders of elements Ti and SiC whose composition is Ti-20 mass%SiC are blended for MA. After the alloying, the MA powder whose average particle size is 20~30 μm, has amorphous-like structures, and then the MA powder is compacted by SPS. Results of compression-tests indicate the occurrence of unusual hightemperature deformation behaviors such as low flow stress at the lower deformation temperature or at the high initial strain rates were observed in the SPS compacts. TEM observations of the deformed compacts after the compression-tests indicate the microstructure has no-strain equiaxial - grains and clear boundaries. This serves as proof of a superplasticity deformation. In addtion, the results of the XRD analysis of the compressed-compacts show that new phases are formed during the compression-test. Therefore, the above deformation is attributed to a "pseudo" superplasticity in which the phase transition of metastable microstructure occurs during the deformation.
DNA-Templated Nanomaterials (2007)

Despite the increasing incidence in food-borne Echinostoma hortense infection, the underlying immune mechanism along with the clinical manifestations and the expulsion of the worms from the mucosal surfaces are not well understood. To clarify the differences in the immune mechanisms induced by E. hortense in the host, we examined the interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-12, and interferon-gamma profiles and the kinetics in two genetically different mouse strains, BALB/c and C3H/HeN mice, in vivo as well as in vitro. Both the crude extract and the excretory-secretory protein prepared from E. hortense increased the mRNA and protein expressions of IL-4 and IL-5 in the splenocytes isolated from both strains of infected mice. The E. hortense recovery rate of the C3H/HeN mice was much higher than that of the BALB/c mice. When analyzing the sera from the infected BALB/c and C3H/HeN mice, the IL-5 and immunoglobulin (Ig)G1 levels in the infected BALB/c mice were significantly higher than those from the C3H/HeN mice (p < 0.05). Taken together, these results show that the BLAB/c mice with E. hortense infection are more resistant than are the C3H/HeN mice due to the significantly higher induction of protective Th2 immunity.
Mechanism of Dropwise Condensation on Ion Implanted Metallic Surfaces (2010)

In this work a model for the mechanism of dropwise condensation on ion implanted metallic surfaces is proposed. Considering experimental results for respective surfaces, the model is based on droplet nucleation and growth on preferably wetted, elevated precipitates, resulting in short-term steam entrapment after droplet coalescence. According to wetting theory this transition state yields increased macroscopic contact angles enabling dropwise condensation. Open condensation phenomena like enlarging dropwise condensation areas in spite of increasing condensation rate become comprehensible by our approach. Furthermore, the model points out that contact angles and surface free energies measured under ambient air conditions are not usable for predicting the condensation form of steam on the modified surfaces. Although the suggested microscopic mechanism cannot be directly proved by experiment, its capability of explaining experimental observations colliding with previous theoretical approaches supports its validity. The results also reveal that dropwise condensation of steam can originate from microscopically different mechanisms.
Hall Voltage Induced by Hydrogen Diffusion in Palladium (1984)

A Hall-type voltage induced by the fast diffusion of hydrogen in a metal (palladium) in a strong magnetic field has been detected. The sign and the magnitude of this voltage imply that hydrogen in palladium acts as a particle of charge ${Z}_{\mathrm{H}}=1$. The presence of this effect is strong experimental evidence for the existence of the controversial direct-force term (i.e., the action of an electric field on the unscreened charge of an ion in a metal) in the theory of electromigration.
Activity-Dependent Changes in the Intrinsic Properties of Cultured Neurons (1994)

Learning and memory arise through activity-dependent modifications of neural circuits. Although the activity dependence of synaptic efficacy has been studied extensively, less is known about how activity shapes the intrinsic electrical properties of neurons. Lobster stomatogastric ganglion neurons fire in bursts when receiving synaptic and modulatory input but fire tonically when pharmacologically isolated. Long-term isolation in culture changed their intrinsic activity from tonic firing to burst firing. Rhythmic stimulation reversed this transition through a mechanism that was mediated by a rise in intracellular calcium concentration. These data suggest that neurons regulate their conductances to maintain stable activity patterns and that the intrinsic properties of a neuron depend on its recent history of activation.
Optimisation of aqueous solubility in a series of G protein coupled receptor 119 (GPR119) agonists (2012)

Solubility improvements in a series of GPR119 agonists are achieved through reduction of lipophilicity together with hydrogen bond acceptor modulation.
Insights into the initial stages of lipid-mediated haemozoin nucleation (2016)

Lipid-mediated haemozoin nucleation, as probed by molecular dynamics, proceeds <italic>via</italic> aggregation of ferrihaem π–π dimers at a lipid–aqueous interface.
Low-density parity-check codes for 40 Gb/s transmission (2006)

BER performance of LDPC codes, generalized LDPC codes and nonbinary LDPC codes, suitable for 40 Gb/s transmission, are compared against turbo product codes and RS concatenation schemes.