gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Aromatic Aldehydes from Benzyl Alcohols via Inorganic Hypochlorite Oxidation<sup>1</sup> (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAromatic Aldehydes from Benzyl Alcohols via Inorganic Hypochlorite Oxidation1CAL Y. MEYERSCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1961, 26, 4, 1046–1050Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01063a018https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01063a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views442Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Absolute rate constants for reaction of phenyl, 2,2-dimethylvinyl, cyclopropyl, and neopentyl radicals with tri-n-butylstannane. Comparison of the radical trapping abilities of tri-n-butylstannane and -germane (1985)

NRC publication: Yes
Single-Laboratory Evaluation of EPA Method 8080 for Determination of Chlorinated Pesticides and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Hazardous Wastes (1988)

Method 8080, as published in the Second Edition of "Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste," EPA Manual SW-846, has been evaluated in a single-laboratory study. The Florisil procedure recommended in Method 8080 for sample cleanup does not separate organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) from the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Consequently, gas chromatographic analysis of OCPs on the packed column recommended in the method may result in false identifications or in no identifications at all when PCBs are present. Therefore, silica gel was substituted for Florisil, a capillary column was substituted for the packed column, and a sulfur cleanup procedure was incorporated in the method. The revised method was evaluated with samples spiked at 3 concentrations. Precision and accuracy indicate that the revised method can be reliably applied to the determination of OCPs and PCBs in liquid and solid matrixes. Detection limits for liquid matrixes range from 0.02 to 0.09 micrograms/L for OCPs and from 0.5 to 0.9 micrograms/L for PCBs. Detection limits for solid matrixes range from 1 to 6 micrograms/kg for OCPs and from 60 to 70 micrograms/kg for PCBs.
Collagen IV Assembly: Production of a Recombinant Construct for Mechanistic Studies (2016)

Basement membranes, specialized extracellular matrix, provide mechanical support for epithelial cells and shape cell behavior by interacting with cell receptors. Collagen IV, the predominant component of basement membrane, comprises six genetically distinct alpha chains (α1 to α6) that assemble to form protomers, which associate to form hexamers, in the scaffold. Non-assembly due to mutations within alpha chains give rise to kidney diseases. Yet, the mechanism of assembly is poorly understood.\nPreliminary data in our lab indicated that amino acid 78 of collagen IV α2 NC1 (non-collagenous) domains may play a role in a chloride-dependent switch that supports hexamer formation. We hypothesized that this particular amino acid is critical for hexamer assembly. To this end, we sought to generate a mutated construct of collagen IV α2 truncated protomer, TP(D78A). We anticipate this construct will be a critical tool in understanding the mechanism of collagen IV α2 domain assembly.\nUsing molecular biology techniques, we introduced a point mutation in TP(D78A) and identified optimal conditions for protein expression. We generated PCR products of expected molecular weight and sent them for sequence verification. We then investigated cell lines for optimum protein expression to later look for hexamer formation. We found that COS-7 cells as compared to HEK-293 cells were better for expression of our wild-type construct WT(TPD78).\nIn conclusion, we produced candidate TP(D78A) constructs for sequencing and determined COS-7 cells were better for expression of WT(TP(D78).These results are significant in producing a tool to investigate the mechanism of collagen IV α2 NC1 domain assembly.
An apparatus for measuring the motility of sperm cells (1955)

1. A short description is given of an apparatus that aims at measuring the motility of sperm cells in an objective way. 2. In this method it is necessary to know the concentration on the slide for the determination of the value that indicates the motility. It was intended to measure this concentration with the same apparatus. 3. The measurement of the concentration met with some difficulties. A large scatter in the results was observed. This scattering is partly apparent in that it is caused by real differences in the concentrations which originate in the preparation of the slides. However, this apparent scatter hinders the determination of the exactness of the measurements. An estimate has been obtained, among other things, by means of a photographic experiment. There is some justification for expecting that a sufficient exactness can be obtained. 4. Notwithstanding the unexplained, and for the present still undoubtedly too large a scatter in the concentration measurements, a series of measurements of motility were made. The motility appears to be measurable by the apparatus, but there is still too great an error, so that the measurement does not yet come up to the visual method. 5. An effort to measure motility independent of the concentration on the slide (determination of the speed histogram) did not succeed because facilities were not available.
Synthesis of the Aryl Iodide Precursor of [Carboxyl-11C]Candesartan (2009)

This work deals with radiochemistry and new approaches to develop novel PET tracers labelled with the radionuclide 11C.Two methods for the synthesis of 11C-labelled acrylamides have been explored. First, [1-11C]-acrylic acid was obtained from a palladium(0)-mediated 11C-carboxylation of acetylene with [11C]carbon monoxide; this could be converted to the corresponding acyl chloride and then combined with benzylamine to form N-benzyl[carbonyl-11C]acrylamide. In the second method, the palladium(0)-mediated carbonylation of vinyl halides with [11C]carbon monoxide was explored. This latter method, yielded labelled acrylamides in a single step with retention of configuration at the C=C double bond, and required less amine compared to the acetylene method.The vinyl halide method was used to synthesize a library of 11C-labelled EGFr-inhibitors in 7-61% decay corrected radiochemical yield via a combinatorial approach. The compounds were designed to target either the active or the inactive form of EGFr, following computational docking studies.The rhodium(I)-mediated carbonylative cross-coupling of an azide and an amine was shown to be a very general reaction and was used to synthesize a library of dual VEGFr-2/PDGFrβ inhibitors that were 11C-labelled at the urea position in 38-78% dc rcy.The angiotensin II AT1 receptor antagonist eprosartan was 11C-labelled at one of the carboxyl groups in one step using a palladium(0)-mediated carboxylation. Autoradiography shows specific binding in rat kidney, lung and adrenal cortex, and organ distribution shows a high accumulation in the intestines, kidneys and liver. Specific binding in frozen sections of human adrenal incidentalomas warrants further investigations of this tracer.Three angiotensin II AT2 ligands were 11C-labelled at the amide group in a palladium(0)-mediated aminocarbonylation in 16-36% dc rcy. One of the compounds was evaluated using in vitro using autoradiography, and in vivo using organ distribution and animal PET. The compound was metabolized fast and excreted via urine. High radioactivity was also found in the liver, meaning that more metabolically stable compounds are desirable for future development.
The Natural History of Asymptomatic Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head in Adults with Sickle Cell Disease (2006)

Untreated asymptomatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head in patients with sickle cell disease has a high likelihood of progression to pain and collapse. Because of the high prevalence of complications after total hip arthroplasty in patients with this disease, consideration should be given to early surgical intervention with other procedures in an attempt to retard progression of the disease.
Photocleavage of Pyridyl-Based Aromatic Polyureas (2003)

The photophysical properties of a metal chelating pyridyl-based aromatic ureas and poly(1,4-phenylene-2,6-pyridylurea) were investigated. In their solution state and upon exposure to 365 nm UV radiation, these low and high molecular weight compounds were found to cleave the urea linkage nearly quantitatively, generating the corresponding amine-terminated subunits and CO2. Through a series of model compounds along with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), UV/vis absorption, and fluorescence spectroscopy characterization, the photocleavage process was delineated as a function of UV dose, O2, and water. The presence of water was found crucial to this photocleavage process with O2 playing a role only in subsequent oxidation of resulting amine functionalities. The experimental results support a light-assisted hydrolysis of the urea bond as the most plausible photocleavage mechanism. The photocleavage of such pyridyl-based ureas can potentially find usages in light-assisted base generation and/or for releasing metal cations.
Inhibitory Activity of Citrus Madurensis Ripe Fruits Extract on Antigen-induced Degranulation in RBL-2H3 Cells (2016)

The purpose of this study was to search edible ripe Citrus fruits which are applicable for functional food materials as juice, tea and/or jam with sweet taste and rich aroma. A fifty percent ethanolic extract (CMR-ext) obtained from the edible ripe fruit of Citrus madurensis exhibited an inhibitory activity of antigen-induced degranulation in anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE antibody sensitized rat basophilic leukemia (RBL) -2H3 cells. The inhibitory effect of the CMR-ext on degranulation in RBL-2H3 cells was attributable to 3’,5’-di-C-β-glucopyranosylphloretin (1) which is a constituent of C. madurensis. The effect of 1 on Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) phosphorylation was examined in RBL-2H3 cells. Western blot analysis revealed that 1 (50 μM) inhibited the degranulation by suppression of Akt and p38 phosphorylation.
Zur Aufbereitung von brennbaren Flüssigkeiten durch Gaszerstäubung (1977)

Bestimmung des Brenneraustrittsimpulsstromes für Gaszerstäuberbrenner. Zur zweckmäßigen Wahl des Widerstandsbeiwertes für Tropfen in Abhängigkeit von der Reynolds‐Zahl. Angabe eines Verfahrens zur theoretischen Abschätzung der Übertragungsgröße für die kinetische Energie zwischen den Phasen Gas und Tropfen. Folgerung für die Auslegung von Düsen zur Heizölzerstäubung.
Iodination of Proteins by IPy<sub>2</sub>BF<sub>4</sub>, a New Tool in Protein Chemistry (2006)

Iodination is a very useful method for protein characterization and labeling. However, derivatization chemistries used in most conventional iodination procedures may cause substantial alterations in protein structure and function. The IPy(2)BF(4) reagent [bis(pyridine)iodonium (I) tetrafluoroborate] has been shown to be an effective iodinating reagent for peptides. Herein we report the first application of IPy(2)BF(4) in protein iodination in an aqueous medium using three representative substrates: insulin, lysozyme, and the enzyme 1,3-1,4-beta-d-4-glucanohydrolase. Our results show that IPy(2)BF(4) has clear advantages over existing methods in that the reaction is quantitative, fast, and selective for the most accessible Tyr residues of a protein, and it preserves the functional integrity of the protein when moderate Tyr labeling levels are pursued.
Large-scale microwave CVD system for synthesis of carbon nanotubes (2003)

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are an interesting class of nanostructures which can be thought of as arising from the folding of a layer of graphite (a graphene sheet ) to form a hollow cylinder composed of carbon hexagons. However, practical applications are still limited by the intricate process of synthesis and the inability of present day methods for large scale production of carbon nanotubes. Morevoer high quality nanotubes with functionalization capability with polymers are desired for polymer MEMS, Nanodevices and BioMEMS. In this paper, an innovative CVD approach using microwave energy was developed for large scale production of single wall and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs). Straight and helical carbon nanotubes were obtained when acetylene decomposed over the cobalt catalyst at 700°C created by microwave field. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of microwave driven MWNTs revealed their homogenous nature. The high resolution electron microscopy (HRTEM) showed typical MWNT has 26 layers. The average diameter of the tubes was observed 20-30 nm. Electron microscope observations showed higher yield of nanotubes obtained from microwave CVD than thermal filament CVD method.
Shape-Selective Diffusion of Olefins in 8-Ring Solid Acid Microporous Zeolites (2015)

The diffusion of olefins through 8-ring solid acid microporous zeolites is investigated using molecular dynamics simulations techniques and using a newly developed flexible force field. Within the context of the methanol-to-olefin (MTO) process and the observed product distribution, knowledge of the diffusion paths is essential to obtain molecular level control over the process conditions. Eight-ring zeotype materials are favorably used for the MTO process as they give a selective product distribution toward low-carbon olefins. To investigate how composition, acidity, and flexibility influence the diffusion paths of ethene and propene, a series of isostructural aluminosilicates (zeolites) and silicoaluminophosphates (AlPOs and SAPOs) are investigated with and without randomly distributed acidic sites. Distinct variations in diffusion of ethene are observed in terms of temperature, composition, acidity, and topology (AEI, CHA, AFX). In general, diffusion of ethene is an activated process for which free energy barriers for individual rings may be determined. We observe ring-dependent diffusion behavior which cannot be described solely in terms of the composition and topology of the rings. A new descriptor had to be introduced, namely, the accessible window area (AWA), inspired by implicit solvation models of proteins and small molecules. The AWA may be determined throughout the molecular dynamics trajectories and correlates well with the number of ring crossings at the molecular level and the free energy barriers for ring crossings from one cage to the other. The overall observed diffusivity is determined by molecular characteristics of individual rings for which AWA is a proper descriptor. Temperature-induced changes in framework dynamics and diffusivity may be captured by following the new descriptor throughout the simulations.
A program-driven simulation model of an MIMD multiprocessor (1991)

article Free Access Share on A program-driven simulation model of an MIMD multiprocessor Author: Fredrik Dahlgren Department of Computer Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden Department of Computer Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, S-221 00 Lund, SwedenView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGSIM Simulation DigestVolume 21Issue 3April 1991 pp 40–49https://doi.org/10.1145/106073.306841Online:01 April 1991Publication History 2citation179DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations2Total Downloads179Last 12 Months5Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Condensation of Cyclohexanone with Nitriles (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCondensation of Cyclohexanone with NitrilesHerman A. Bruson, Edward Riener, and Thomas RienerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1948, 70, 2, 483–484Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1948https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01182a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01182a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views187Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
On autonomous terrain model acquistion by a mobile robot (1987)

The following problem is considered: A point robot is placed in a terrain populated by an unknown number of polyhedral obstacles of varied sizes and locations in two/three dimensions. The robot is equipped with a sensor capable of detecting all the obstacle vertices and edges that are visible from the present location of the robot. The robot is required to autonomously navigate and build the complete terrain model using the sensor information. It is established that the necessary number of scanning operations needed for complete terrain model acquisition by any algorithm that is based on scan from vertices strategy is given by the summation of i = 1 (sup n) N(O sub i)-n and summation of i = 1 (sup n) N(O sub i)-2n in two- and three-dimensional terrains respectively, where O = (O sub 1, O sub 2,....O sub n) set of the obstacles in the terrain, and N(O sub i) is the number of vertices of the obstacle O sub i.
Developments in hernia repair. (1998)

Traditionally, inguinal hernia repair uses autogenous tissues (Shouldice, Bassini, Cooper's). While dedicated hernia clinics have shown low recurrence rates using autogenous tissues, most studies show recurrence rates in the 5% to 15% range. In addition, these tension producing repairs may lead to a longer recovery due to increased discomfort. For these reasons, the recent trend in inguinal hernia surgery has been towards using a mesh-based tensionless repair. There are three main tension-free approaches using mesh that are presently receiving the majority of attention:
Optical Investigation Into Wall Wetting From Late-Cycle Post-Injections Used for Diesel Particulate Filter Regeneration (2010)

Wall wetting phenomena were investigated in a light-duty diesel optical engine operating under typical diesel particulate filter regeneration conditions through the use of liquid spray imaging during late-cycle post-injections. Three post-injection timings were explored: 1) an ‘early’ timing (44.5°aTDC) where high ambient temperatures and densities were expected to decrease the liquid penetration, 2) a ‘conventional’ timing (78.5°aTDC) that is typically used to produce the necessary aftertreatment regeneration exhaust conditions, and 3) a ‘late’ timing (133.5°aTDC) where in-cylinder flows generated by exhaust valve opening-induced blowdown can disrupt the liquid penetration. In addition to a 2007 US certification diesel fuel, a palm-derived B20 biodiesel blend and soy-derived B100 biodiesel were examined since liquid spray impingement is thought to worsen for biodiesel blends due to the higher fuel distillation temperature, density, and viscosity. No significant wall wetting was observed for the early post-injection. However, considerable impingement occurred for the conventional and late post-injections. Liquid penetration and the persistence of liquid fuel in the cylinder were found to increase with biodiesel content, while exhaust blowdown flows were ineffective in reducing the severity of wall wetting. Negligible distortion of jet structure was observed for the liquid spray at the late post-injection. Short pulse durations decreased the severity of liquid penetration with the soy-derived biodiesel during the early post-injection SOI, but were otherwise ineffective.
HOT-CELL STUDIES OF THE FLUIDIZED-BED FLUORIDE VOLATILITY PROCESS FOR RECOVERING URANIUM AND PLUTONIUM FROM SPENT UO$sub 2$ FUELS. (1969)

and feed-preparation equipment, followed by solvent extraction to decontaminate and recover the uranium as uranyl nitrate. Post-burning operations in the fluoride-volatiiity process include the continuous fluidized-bed and moving-bed fluorination of the ash followed by partial condensation to remove niobium pentafluoride and passage of the UF/sub 6/ through heated sodium fluoride pellets to completely decontaminate the uranium. The uranium is recovered as uranium hexafluoride. (auth)
Hazard-non-increasing gate-level optimization algorithms (1992)

This paper presents hazard-non-increasing optimization algorithms. These are optimizations on gatelevel logic without introduction of any further static nor dynamic hazards. Proofs are given for general theoretical results on hazard-non-increasing transformations which serve as the basis for these algorithms. The algorithms in this paper substantially augment the set of proven hazard-non-increasing optimization techniques in the literature. These algorithms are useful for hazard-free implementations of asynchronous designs.