gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimization and partial characterization of culture conditions for the production of alkaline protease from Bacillus licheniformis P003 (2013)

Proteolytic enzymes have occupied a pivotal position for their practical applications. The present study was carried out under shake flask conditions for the production of alkaline protease from Bacillus licheniformis P003 in basal medium containing glucose, peptone, K2HPO4, MgSO4 and Na2CO3 at pH 10. The effect of culture conditions and medium components for maximum production of alkaline protease was investigated using one factor constant at a time method along with its characterization. Maximum level of enzyme production was obtained after 48h of incubation with 2% inoculum size at 42°C, under continuous agitation at 150 rpm, in growth medium of pH 9. Highest enzyme production was obtained using 1% rice flour as carbon source and 0.8% beef extract as organic nitrogen source. Results indicated that single organic nitrogen source alone was more suitable than using in combinations and there was no significant positive effect of adding inorganic nitrogen sources in basal medium. After optimization of the parameters, enzyme production was increased about 20 fold than that of in basal medium. The crude enzyme was highly active at pH 10 and stable from pH 7-11. The enzyme showed highest activity (100%) at 50°C, and retained 78% relative activity at 70°C. Stability studies showed that the enzyme retained 75% of its initial activity after heating at 60°C for 1h. The enzyme retained about 66% and 46% of its initial activity after 28 days of storage at 4°C and room temperature (25°C) respectively. Mn(2+) and Mg(2+) increased the residual activity of the enzyme, whereas Fe(2+) moderately inhibited its residual activity. When pre-incubated with Tween-20, Tween-80, SDS and H2O2, each at 0.5% concentration, the enzyme showed increased residual activity. These characteristics may make the enzyme suitable for several industrial applications, especially in leather industries.
Technical State Monitoring and Evaluation of Aerospace Product Manufacturing Workshop Based on Internet of Things (2013)

According to the characters and requirements of aerospace product manufacturing, this paper proposes a method to identify and acquire the physical information in manufacturing workshop, taking the satellite product for instance. Based on multi-source heterogeneous information processing such as storage, compression and fusion, this paper also provides a mode of comprehensive monitoring of manufacturing workshop and real-time technical state evaluation. At last, an integrated management framework of the satellite product manufacturing workshop based on Internet of Things is presented to raise the management level, promote the manufacturing capability, shorten the development time and improve the quality of product.
Ionic liquids enhance the electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> reduction catalyzed by MoO<sub>2</sub> (2015)

Several imidazolium-based ionic liquids significantly enhance the activity of MoO2 for electrochemical reduction of CO2. The overpotential of CO2 reduction is as low as 40 mV. The ionic liquids act as both electrolytes and co-catalysts, which not only leads to lower overpotentials, but also alters the product selectivity.
The Endless Seminar (2010)

So began a 1980 exam paper set by Donald Horne for a course on Australian political culture. Across barely a dozen questions Horne quotes Cairns, Murray Edelman, Antonio Gramsci, Robert Menzies, Sol Encel, Dennis Altman, Keith Hancock and Denis Kavanagh. In three hours political science undergraduates at the University of New South Wales were invited to consider the theory of hegemony, the distance between description and reality within political institutions, Australia as a home-owning democracy, the influence of middle-class affluence and Australia as a derivative culture.
Voluntarist Theories (1992)

This chapter offers a critical assessment of one class of accounts of political obligation. These accounts, following terminology which has become current in this context, are labelled ‘voluntarist’ (Pateman, 1985; Riley, 1973). Such theories have proved consistently appealing in the long history of discussions of political obligation, but especially so in the modern world to theorists of a broadly liberal persuasion. Central to these theories is the role they attribute to individual choice or decision, to some specific act of voluntary commitment, in explaining or justifying political obligation. Their essential and common feature is simply that they seek to explain political obligation in terms of some freely chosen undertaking through which persons morally bind themselves to their polity. It is through this act or undertaking that people are thought to acquire their political obligations. The precise form of this act or undertaking; the conditions which render it freely chosen; the nature of the relationship implied; the extent of the obligation incurred; and to whom or what the obligation is owed, are all variously articulated within differing voluntarist accounts. Often these differences are important and for some purposes may be more significant than the features that these accounts share. However, without denying or underestimating those differences, the discussion that follows is premised on the assumption that it is legitimate and instructive to treat such differences for the most part as variations within one broad class or category of argument.
Introduction (1998)

This introductory chapter first sets out the purpose of the book, which is to explore the nature and development of early modern conceptions of good manners, and examine some of the particular forms of everyday behaviour which these conceptions implied. The aim is to give some account of the meaning of ‘courtesy’ and ‘civility’ in early modern England. The chapter then discusses the sources used in the study; theoretical perspectives on the history of manners; and social values, cultural politics, and social order in early modern England. An overview of the subsequent chapters is also presented.
A Review of: “Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients, 5th edition” (2006)

The formulation, development, and manufacturing of drug-delivery systems relies heavily on the use of excipients to aid in processing, stability, and bioavailability. A detailed knowledge of variou...
Hierarchical Control Flow Graph Models (1996)

Hierarchical Control Flow Graph Models define a modeling paradigm for discrete event simulation modeling based upon hierarchical extensions to Control Flow Graph Models. Conceptually, models consist of a set of encapsulated, concurrently operating model components that interact solely via message passing. The primary objectives of Hierarchical Control Flow Graph Models are: (1) to facilitate model development by making it easier to develop, maintain, and reuse models and model elements, and (2) to support the flexible and efficient execution of models. Hierarchical Control Flow Graph Models use two complementary types of hierarchical model specification structures, one to specify components and their interconnections, and the other to specify component behaviors. 1 INTRODUCTION The Hierarchical Control Flow Graph (HCFG) Model paradigm is a hierarchical modeling paradigm for discrete event simulation that is based on and designed to be a hierarchical extension of Control Flow Graph (C...
Evaluation of Alginate-Starch Polymers for Preparation of Enzyme Microcapsules (2006)

Flavourzyme® (a protease-peptidase complex) was microencapsulated with sodium alginate and Hi-MaizeTM starch in varying concentrations and proportions for maximising encapsulation efficiency (EE). Seventy two percent EE was achieved for immobilising Flavourzyme® using 1.8% (w/v) sodium alginate and 1% Hi-Maize[TM] starch with 30 min hardening of capsules in 0.1M calcium chloride solution. Hi-MaizeTM starch as a filler material improved EE and reduced the enzyme release during capsular hardening in calcium chloride solution. Increasing the concentration of sodium alginate solution (1.2 to 1.8 %, w/v) and calcium chloride concentration (0.05M to 1.0M) increased the EE. The optimum hardening time for the microcapsules in calcium chloride solution was 30 min. Shrinkage of microcapsules during hardening in calcium chloride was less with higher concentration of alginate. More spherical capsules were produced with up to 1.8% (w/v) sodium alginate and 1% Hi-MaizeTM starch solutions.
Cover Image, Volume 88, Issue 5 (2018)

The cover image, by Jie Shen et al., is based on the Original Article High-dose biotin in infants mimics biochemical hyperthyroidism with some commercial assays, DOI: 10.1111/cen.13564.
Order tracking using the Vold–Kalman tracking filter (1999)

The Vold–Kalman filter allows for the high-performance simultaneous tracking of orders in systems with multiple independent axles. The interactions associated with close and crossing orders give rise to beating and complex psychoacoustic phenomena. With this new filter and using multiple tachometer references, waveforms as well as amplitude and phase may be extracted without the beating interactions. The Vold–Kalman filter provides several filter shapes for optimum resolution and stopband suppression. Orders extracted as waveforms have no phase bias, and may hence be used in synthesis and tailoring. The input to Vold–Kalman filtering is time history data. The class of algorithms based on Kalman filters shows no data between preselected orders, but has fine resolution, and is independent of slew rates. The calculation speed may be an issue if a large number of orders is to be extracted. This paper shows an example of the various steps of order tracking using the Vold–Kalman method applied on a simple single-shaft motor. Filter shapes are discussed and an example of decoupling of orders from a multishaft system is demonstrated. The Vold–Kalman filter is implemented in PULSE, the Brüel & Kjær Multianalysis System.
Kidneys and fluids in pressure regulation. Small volume but large pressure changes. (1992)

The human body has multiple blood pressure control mechanisms, each of which serves a special and usually different role in pressure regulation. The nervous pressure controllers usually react within seconds and prevent major rapid changes in pressure when acute extraneous forces act on the circulatory system. Then, within minutes to hours, several intermediately acting pressure controllers become activated. Among the more important of these are the renin-angiotensin-vasoconstriction system and the shift of fluid volume between the blood and interstitial fluids. Finally, after several hours to days, the kidneys readjust body fluid volumes, especially the extracellular fluid and blood volumes, to bring the pressure to a very precise level. This final adjustment usually requires little change in body fluid volume for two reasons. First, the other pressure controllers often have already made most of the needed pressure adjustments. Second, the increase in fluid volume required to cause a major increase in blood pressure is usually surprisingly small; this is true because the whole body blood flow autoregulation mechanism causes a secondary increase in total peripheral resistance.
The relationship between shear stress and flow‐mediated dilatation: implications for the assessment of endothelial function (2005)

Endothelium-dependent flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) describes the vasodilatory response of a vessel to elevations in blood flow-associated shear stress. Nitric oxide (NO), one of many vasoactive substances released by the endothelium in response to shear stress, is of particular interest to researchers as it is an antiatherogenic molecule, and a reduction in its bioavailability may play a role in the pathogenesis of vascular disease. The goal of many human studies is to create a shear stress stimulus that produces an NO-dependent response in order to use the FMD measurements as an assay of NO bioavailability. The most common non-invasive technique is the 'reactive hyperaemia test' which produces a large, transient shear stress profile and a corresponding FMD. Importantly, not all FMD is NO mediated and the stimulus creation technique is a critical determinant of NO dependence. The purpose of this review is to (1) explain that the mechanisms of FMD depend on the nature of the shear stress stimulus (stimulus response specificity), (2) provide an update to the current guidelines for FMD assessment, and (3) summarize the issues that surround the clinical utility of measuring both NO- and non-NO-mediated FMD. Future research should include (1) the identification and partitioning of mechanisms responsible for FMD in response to various shear stress profiles, (2) investigation of stimulus response specificity in coronary arteries, and (3) investigation of non-NO FMD mechanisms and their connection to the development of vascular disease and occurrence of cardiovascular events.
Citrus coumarins (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCitrus coumarinsWilliam L. Stanley and Leonard. JurdCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1971, 19, 6, 1106–1110Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60178a007https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60178a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views635Altmetric-Citations68LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Real-Time Business Intelligence: Best Practices at Continental Airlines (2006)

Abstract Data management for decision support has moved through three generations, with the latest being real-time data warehousing. This latest generation is significant because of its potential for affecting tactical decision making and business processes. Continental Airlines is a leader in real-time business intelligence, and much can be learned from how they have implemented it.
On the Bayesian Estimation of Multivariate Regression (1964)

Summary In this paper, we use a Bayesian approach to analyse sets of regression equations with correlated error terms. In the case that the matrix of “independent variables” is the same for all equations, our model reduces to the traditional multivariate regression model. For this case, the marginal posterior distribution of the regression coefficient vector for any equation is shown to be of the multivariate-t form. Further, the variances and covariances of the error terms have an “inverted” Wishart distribution a posteriori. Some properties of this distribution are given. Finally, the joint posterior distribution of the regression coefficients in the general model is derived and discussed.
Photoelectric Conversion from a Hemicyanine Dye Containing Zinc Complex in a Langmuir−Blodgett Film (1997)

A cathodic photocurrent was obtained from a hemicyanine dye containing zinc complex; [(CH3)2NC6H4CHCHC5H4NC18H37]2Zn(dmit)2 (where dmit = 4,5-dimercapto-1,3-dithiole-2-thione), modified SnO2 electrode by Langmuir−Blodgett (LB) technology in a 1 M KCl electrolyte solution. The action spectrum conforms to the absorption spectrum very well indicating that the monomers on the surface of the electrode are responsible for the photocurrent generation. Some factors which may affect the observed photocurrent such as the bias voltage, the concentration of donor or acceptor in the electrolyte solution, pH value, and light intensity have been investigated. Data show that the quantum yield is 2-fold increased when a conductive zinc complex anion is used with the LB films to replace the I- in the molecule of (CH3)2NC6H4CHCHC5H4NC18H37I, so that this kind of compound can be evaluated as a promising photoelectric conversion material.
A Tribute to Patrick Baude (2011)

The Board of Editors dedicates Volume 86 of the Indiana Law Journal to the memory of Patrick Baude, who taught at the School of Law from August 1968 until his death in January 2011, and who served for many years as the faculty advisor for the Indiana Law Journal. As evidenced below, Professor Baude’s influence spread far beyond the bounds of his classroom walls, and his presence in the Law School’s community will be sorely missed.
Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization Synthesis and Magnetic Characterization of MnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/Polystyrene Core/Shell Nanoparticles (2002)

An atom transfer radical polymerization route is developed for the coating of MnFe2O4 nanoparticles with polystyrene yielding the core-shell nanoparticles with size <15 nm. Magnetic studies show a decrease in coercivity after the formation of polystyrene shell, which is considered due to the reduction of magnetic surface anisotropy upon polymer coating. The MnFe2O4 nanoparticles as the magnetic core were separately prepared by a reverse micelle microemulsion method. Polymerization initiators are chemically attached onto the surface of nanoparticles. The modified nanoparticles are then used as macro-initiators in the subsequent polymerization reaction. This approach provides great flexibility in the selection of magnetic core. Consequently, magnetic tunability is able to be introduced into these core/shell nanoparticulate systems to achieve the desired superparamagnetic response.
Automatic location of vertebrae in digitized videofluoroscopic images of the lumbar spine (1997)

Back pain is a widespread problem, and the disability it engenders continues to grow, despite efforts to contain it. A major problem in the diagnosis and management of back pain is the assessment of the degree to which mechanical factors play a part. Of considerable importance in understanding these mechanical factors is being able to quantify how the human spine actually moves in vivo. Digitized videofluoroscopy is currently the only practical method available for studying spinal motion in vivo at the segmental level. Low-dose, planar motion X-rays of the spine are captured on videotape and subsequently digitized for analysis. Until now, vertebrae in the digitized images were identified and marked manually as a basis for calculating intervertebral kinematics. This paper describes a procedure for automatically identifying the vertebrae in the motion sequences. The process increases objectivity and repeatability, and significantly reduces the manual effort required in locating the vertebrae prior to calculating the kinematics. The technique has been applied to images of a calibrated model and the results are promising. In-plane rotations may be calculated to an accuracy of at least 1 degree. Repeated analysis reveals standard deviations of less than 0.5 degree for intervertebral rotations and less than 0.25 mm for translations.
VRCAuth: Continuous Authentication of Users in Virtual Reality Environment Using Head-Movement (2020)

The traditional PIN (Personal Identification Number) and password-based mechanisms are challenging in terms of remembering by the user and eavesdropping in VR (Virtual Reality) environment. The easy PINs and passwords weaken user authentication. The biometric-based authentication provides the solution to this problem but does not verify the user continuously during activities because it needs the active participation of the user for every authentication. The VRCAuth, a novel continuous authentication system is implemented for the user in the VR environment. In our system, head motion is used to provide continuous authentication. VRCAuth uses different machine learning techniques to classify the head motion of an authorized and unauthorized user. VRCAuth does not require any OS-level modifications or extra hardware, and it is suitable to use with existing hardware. VRCAuth performs better by attaining the accuracy of 99 % in 0.02 seconds providing a continuous authentication to the user in VR environment.
Antimuscarinic antibodies in primary Sjögren's syndrome reversibly inhibit the mechanism of fluid secretion by human submandibular salivary acinar cells (2006)

These observations show for the first time that IgG from patients with primary SS contains autoantibodies capable of damaging saliva production and contributing to xerostomia. The unusual but not unprecedented acute reversibility of the effects of anti-M3 autoantibodies is the subject of further research.
Fractal Cityscape (2010)

There is an increasing demand for the simulation of large-scale "free-flow" urban environments in games or other virtual reality worlds. Currently most 3D cityscapes are generated by time consuming manually pre-scripted "room-to-room" approaches. Although the effectiveness of fractal modelling of rural landscape or architecture has been studied extensively, there is a relative dearth of research on fractal modelling of cityscapes. Inspired by modern fractal city theory, we intend to develop an automatic fractal-based method to address this problem. In particular, we will investigate how fractal theory can be used to mathematically simulate the multi-level hierarchical urban structure corresponding to various land use property probabilities of city regions. Tentative findings and results are presented in this paper
An experimental investigation of pressure gradients due to temperature gradients in small diameter tubes (1955)

NOTE: Text or symbols not renderable in plain ASCII are indicated by [...]. Abstraact is included in .pdf document.

Results of an experimental investigation of pressure gradients due to axial temperature gradients in small diameter tubes are presented. The tests, which covered the region of Knudsen numbers (based on tube inside radius) of 0.01 to 6, indicate good correlation with theory.

It is of value to note that this correlation was obtained by using [Delta]T equal to the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends of the tubes and T[subscript ave] equal to the average of these two temperatures. In contrast, theory would dictate obtaining the temperature variation along the length of the tube and applying the formulas to small incremental [Delta]T's, then summing to get the total effect. Therefore, for normal laboratory conditions where pressure gradient corrections are to be computed, it is sufficient to record only the temperatures at the hot and cold ends rather than having to obtain a number of temperature readings along the tube.

In order to apply pressure corrections easily and rapidly, a system of correction curves is given. To simplify the procedure, the tube cold end temperature was assumed to be 80[degrees]F, and the correction curves drawn accordingly. However, for different laboratory conditions a similar system of curves could be drawn and used.