gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Generation mechanism of residual direct current voltage for liquid crystal cells with polymer layers produced from monomers (2016)

Liquid crystal cells having polymer layers produced from copolymers of 4,4′-dimethacryloyl-oxy-biphenyl (4,4′-DMABiph) and anthracene-carrying monomers, 2,7-dimethacryloyl-oxy-anthracene (2,7-DMAAnth) and 2-methacryloyl-oxy-anthracene (2-MAAnth), were fabricated, and generation mechanism of residual direct current voltage (VrDC) was clarified. The VrDC was improved with the LC cells having the polymer layers produced from the copolymers of 4,4′-DMABiph and 2,7-DMAAnth due to large rate constant of polymerisation. In contrast, the VrDC was increased with the LC cells having the polymer layers produced from the copolymer of 4,4′-DMABiph and 2-MAAnth. The increase in the VrDC was derived from the increase in the concentration of polymerised- or unpolymerised-terminally radical and ion generated from 2-MAAnth. The results suggest that the monomers should show large rate constant of polymerisation with plural number of polymerised groups for improving the VrDC.
Identification of Soil-Water Chemical Parameters for the Prediction and Treatment of Suspended Solids in Surface Water Reservoirs of Coal Mine Lands (1984)

Abstract: High concentrations of suspended solids in coal mine sedimentation ponds are a factor in lowering water quality. This study focuses on the influence dissolved solids have on concentration and settling of suspended solids. Water samples from sedimentation ponds in Eastern and Western Kentucky were used to evaluate water composition in such ponds. Spoil samples from surface mine sites in both parts of the state were used to evaluate water composition released from the spoils upon introducing water. The results demonstrate that water quality emanating from coal spoils of Eastern and Western coal mines is dependent on the type of spoil and/or geologic strata represented. Water composition of randomly selected sedimentation ponds revealed that the relationship between electrical conductance (EC) in mmhos cm-1 and ionic strength (I) of water is I = 0.012 [EC]. Furthermore, it was determined that there is a linear relationship between the repulsive index, RI = [(0.012)(EC)]-1/2 (based somewhat loosely on double-layer theory), and suspended solids. Kinetic data on settling of suspended solids has shown that upon increasing the ionic strength of the water (consequently decreasing RI), the rate of settling increased dramatically. The critical RI at which complete removal of all suspended solids, estimated by graphic extrapolation, is shown to be dependent on the percent base saturation. The data also demonstrate that the critical RI (RI at maximum flocculation) varies depending on the spoils mineralogical and chemical composition. The overall study shows that decreases in suspended solids in coal mine sedimentation ponds can be brought about by relatively small increases in ionic strength. Several approaches as to how one might increase water ionic strength in sediment ponds are discussed. Funding information: The research on which this report is based was financed in part by the U. S. Department of the Interior, as authorized by the Water Research and Development Act of 1978 (P.L. 95-467).
Microdisplay‐based industrial 3‐D and microstructure measurement systems (2009)

Abstract— Microdisplays, whether they are of the liquid‐crystal‐on‐silicon (LCOS) or organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) type, have been, up until now, mainly used in multimedia applications or head‐mounted displays. Due to their interesting possibilities, these displays open more and more alternative applications; for example, in optical metrology. Projection lenses for this application area need to be specially designed because the requirements on these systems differ completely from those for multimedia applications. The lenses must have very low geometrical image distortion and they have to be adapted to small objects and/or image distances. On the other hand, they often work with light sources with small spectral bandwidths; consequently, they do not need to be corrected for chromatic aberrations. In addition, the numerical aperture has to be large enough to collect and transfer as much light as possible, but also the size of the projection lens has to be as small as possible to ensure compact measurement systems. All these requirements lead to a compromise in optical lens design. Three optical system designs and realizations — one with an OLED microdisplay and two with an LCOS microdisplay — are presented.
Calculation of the Exchange Mechanism of D2 and CD4 with a Zeolite Model (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCalculation of the Exchange Mechanism of D2 and CD4 with a Zeolite ModelE. M. Evleth, E. Kassab, and L. R. SierraCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 5, 1421–1426Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100056a009https://doi.org/10.1021/j100056a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views56Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
La réglementation post-crise permet-elle de mieux gérer les risques créés par les institutions systémiques ? (2018)

La crise de 2008 a été marquée par des interventions de grande ampleur des pouvoirs publics pour sauver des institutions systémiques 1 . Les apports en capital à certaines institutions ont creusé les déficits publics. Et si elles ont ainsi pu limiter l’impact du choc systémique, elles ont aussi pu entretenir l’aléa moral. Les institutions financières systémiques sont définies ici comme les institutions ayant un « impact systémique », c’est-à-dire celles dont les difficultés, voire la défaillance pourraient causer celle d’autres institutions ou avoir un impact négatif sur l’économie réelle 2 . Dans l’immédiate après-crise, sous l’impulsion du G20, un programme de réformes financières a été mis en œuvre, dont nous faisons ici un bilan partiel en nous concentrant sur deux dimensions : la réglementation de l’activité des institutions systémiques afin de limiter leur impact sur le système financier et la mise en place de mesures facilitant la résolution des institutions systémiques.
Evolution of chemically induced unstable density gradients near horizontal reactive interfaces [Erratum to document cited in CA112(16):146397n] (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEvolution of chemically induced unstable density gradients near horizontal reactive interfaces [Erratum to document cited in CA112(16):146397n]Ofra Citri, Michael L. Kagan, Ronnie Kosloff, and David AvnirCite this: Langmuir 1991, 7, 3, 610Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00051a035https://doi.org/10.1021/la00051a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views21Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Nucleotides in Frozen Glycerolized Erythrocytes (1966)

The nucleotide content (ATP,* ADP, AMP) of deglycerolized and resuspended erythrocytes, previously frozen with glycerol and the slow freeze technic and processed by the centrifugation and agglomeration methods, was measured for a three‐week post‐thaw interval. Two series of studies were undertaken. In the first six units of blood (500 ml) rendered incoagulable with ACD (NIH‐A) were studied, three by each process, and the erythrocytes resuspended after deglycerolization in two media, autologous (ACD) plasma, and a 5% albumin resuspension medium. The erythrocyte suspensions were then stored at 4 C for three weeks and nucleotides assayed at three‐to‐four‐day intervals. In this group the nucleotide content of erythrocytes treated by the centrifugation technic was unchanged after processing, while the total nucleotides in erythrocytes processed by agglomeration were greatly reduced. The greatest loss was in ATP while the ADP and AMP were essentially unchanged. Agglomerated erythrocytes resuspended in autologous plasma resynthesized a small portion of their ATP when stored at 4 C for eight days. From eight to 21 days, both the ATP and total nucleotides were the same in erythrocytes from both processes. Small increases in ADP and AMP could not account for the decay of total nucleotides, which paralleled closely the loss of ATP. In a second series the influence of agglomeration conditions was studied. The nucleotide content was found to be markedly affected by the time erythrocytes were allowed to remain in concentrated glucose solutions. The nucleotides of cells processed optimally, that is agglomerated within 20 minutes and disaggregated with 250 ml of 0.15 M NaCl centrifuged and resuspended in plasma or albumin, were substantially the same as those in unprocessed ACD blood stored for 21 days at 4 C.
Application of the effective-index method to the study of distributed feedback in corrugated waveguides: TM polarization (1980)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text P. Verly, R. Tremblay, and John W.Y. Lit, "Application of the effective-index method to the study of distributed feedback in corrugated waveguides: TM polarization," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 70, 1218-1221 (1980) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
The kinetics of autoxidation of methyl linoleate. The effect of added antioxidants and a new method for the evaluation of antioxidants (1964)

Abstract A new method is described for the evaluation of antioxidants. Oxygen uptake by autoxidizing methyl linoleate both with and without antioxidants is measured in the Warburg apparatus and reaction orders, reaction rate constants, and length of induction periods determined. Tenox's BHT and BHA and Griffith's G‐16 are evaluated and compared.
Assessment of pedotransfer functions for estimating soil water retention curves for the amazon region (2014)

Knowledge of the soil water retention curve (SWRC) is essential for understanding and modeling hydraulic processes in the soil. However, direct determination of the SWRC is time consuming and costly. In addition, it requires a large number of samples, due to the high spatial and temporal variability of soil hydraulic properties. An alternative is the use of models, called pedotransfer functions (PTFs), which estimate the SWRC from easy-to-measure properties. The aim of this paper was to test the accuracy of 16 point or parametric PTFs reported in the literature on different soils from the south and southeast of the State of Pará, Brazil. The PTFs tested were proposed by Pidgeon (1972), Lal (1979), Aina & Periaswamy (1985), Arruda et al. (1987), Dijkerman (1988), Vereecken et al. (1989), Batjes (1996), van den Berg et al. (1997), Tomasella et al. (2000), Hodnett & Tomasella (2002), Oliveira et al. (2002), and Barros (2010). We used a database that includes soil texture (sand, silt, and clay), bulk density, soil organic carbon, soil pH, cation exchange capacity, and the SWRC. Most of the PTFs tested did not show good performance in estimating the SWRC. The parametric PTFs, however, performed better than the point PTFs in assessing the SWRC in the tested region. Among the parametric PTFs, those proposed by Tomasella et al. (2000) achieved the best accuracy in estimating the empirical parameters of the van Genuchten (1980) model, especially when tested in the top soil layer.
Monte Carlo simulations of respiratory gated <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET for the assessment of volume measurement methods (2008)

In PET/CT thoracic imaging, respiratory motion has been reported as a limiting factor reducing image quality and biasing lesion volume measurement. One solution consists in performing respiratory gated PET acquisitions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of respiratory gating on Monte-Carlo realistic PET data, simulated using the 4D-NCAT numerical phantom on the GATE platform. To obtain reconstructed images as close as possible to those obtained in clinical conditions, a particular attention was paid to apply the same type of reconstruction and correction processes on the simulated data as on real clinical ones. The whole set of simulations required a CPU time of 140 000 h generating 1.5 To of data, including simulations of 147 respiratory gated and 49 ungated thoracic exams. Comparison of the displacement volume (DV) measurements using conventional PET acquisitions versus respiratory gated acquisitions was performed, using an automatic iterative segmentation method and a fixed 40% threshold. The segmentation of gated and ungated frames using the 40% fixed threshold needed time consuming initial manual exclusion of noisy structures and so not considered as an automatic method. This step was not necessary when the automatic iterative method was used. Accuracy on DV measurement using the automatic approach was largely improved on gated compared to ungated images. This improved accuracy might have a significant impact when patient treatment is performed using ungated external radiotherapy.
Four-D blood flow patterns in the thoracic aorta in patients with CAD compared to age-matched normal subjects (2002)

Cardiac gated three directional time resolved velocity data obtained with MR velocity encoded phase contrast sequences were used. Normal subjects of different ages were studied earlier. Age-matched normal subjects were compared with 15 patients with CAD. Systolic forward velocities were much more rapid in the normal subjects compared to the patients with CAD. Retrograde velocities were more rapid in the patients and particles took longer time to travel from the aortic valve to mid-descending aorta in patients compared with normal subjects. We believe that there is also a factor in the aorta that contributes to cardiac ischemia by allowing less blood flow into the coronary arteries.
Optoacoustic spectra of some molecular gases at CO2 laser wavelengths between 9 and 11 μm (1980)

With a conventional cw CO2 laser optoacoustic spectra of several molecules have been measured at laser wavelengths between 9 and 11 μm. The molecules are: trichloroethylene (C2HCl3), chlorotrifluoromethane (CClF3), tetrachloromethane (CCl4), dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), 2-propanol (C3H8O), triethylamine (C6H15N), tripropylamine (C9H21N), water, diethyl ether (C4H10O), acetaldehyde (C2H4O), and formaldehyde (CH2O).
Developmental Competence of Intrafollicular Oocytes Derived from Preantral Follicle Culture with Different Protocols after Parthenogenetic Activation (2007)

This study was conducted to improve efficiency of a follicle culture system without reducing developmental competence of intrafollicular oocytes. Preantral follicles (100 to 125 m in diameter) of F1 hybrid (B6CBAF1) mice were cultured singly for 216 h in modified -MEM-glutamax medium, to which 2.5 IU/ml hCG and epidermal growth factor was added 16 h prior to the end of culture. Medium change was either performed three times (54 h interval), twice (72 h interval), once (108 h interval), or not at all (216 h interval). Maturation (progression to the metaphase II stage) of intrafollicular oocytes was detected from 4 days after culture in the three-times change treatment, while all treatments yielded mature oocytes from day 5 of culture. Compared with the three-times change, decreasing the change frequency to once did not reduce the capacity to begin maturation (germinal vesicle breakdown of 82 to 86%), to mature (78 to 79%) and to develop into blastocysts after parthenogenetic activation (29 to 32%). Morphological parameters were similar among these treatments. Except for the no medium change treatment, similar colony-forming activity of inner cell mass cells after culturing of blastocysts in leukemia inhibitory factor-containing medium was detected, while the morphology of the colonyforming cells deteriorated in the change-once treatment compared with the change twice or three-times. In conclusion, the efficiency of the preantral follicle culture system could be improved by reducing frequency of medium change up to a 72 h interval (three times in total 216 h culture) without decreasing developmental competence of oocytes.
Parenteral Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole and Carbenicillin as Empiric Therapy for Neutropenic Patients with Cancer (1982)

A combination of parenteral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and carbenicillin (TMP-SMZ-C) was compared with a gentamicin and carbenicillin combination (G-C) as empiric therapy for the febrile neutropenic patient with cancer in a prospective double-blind trial. Target plasma levels of TMP were achieved easily. When all trials were considered, TMP-SMZ-C was more effective (P less than or equal to 0.045) than G-C. When only proven infections were considered, the two regimens were equally effective. Adverse effects of both regimens were similar. Experience with infections due to individual organisms, particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, was limited. General recommendations for use of TMP-SMZ-C in this patient population cannot be made until more comprehensive studies are done.
Mass spectrometry and its evolving role in assessing tissue specific steroid metabolism (2016)

Glucocorticoid hormones play vital roles in regulating diverse biological processes in health and disease. Tissue levels are regulated by enzymes which activate and inactivate hormones. The enzyme, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11βHSD1), in particular, has been identified as a potential drug target; inhibiting this enzyme attenuates glucocorticoid action by lowering local levels of active hormone. A variety of mass spectrometric approaches have been developed to characterize this enzymein vivo Endogenous glucocorticoids and their metabolites can be profiled in urine by GC-MS and circulating steroids are now more commonly quantified by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Tracer dilution studies have allowed rates of generation of glucocorticoids by the enzyme to be distinguished from hormone generated directly by the adrenal glands and, in combination with arterio-venous (AV) sampling, rates of production by specific tissues have been quantified. This has allowed the contribution of liver, adipose, muscle and brain to cortisol production in metabolic disease and hence prioritized drug targets. Most recently MS imaging in combination with on-tissue derivatization has been developed to profile oxo-steroids in tissue sections, allowing molecular maps to be generated across complex tissues, where regional functions are important. The review provides a synopsis of how measurement of steroids by MS has evolved with technological advances and this has provided insight into the dynamic turnover of glucocorticoidsin vivo, highlighting the milestones that have advanced the field and identifying the remaining challenges for researchers, in terms of analytical chemistry and endocrine physiology and biochemistry.
Eucalyptone G, a new phloroglucinol derivative and other constituents from Eucalyptus globulus Labill (2007)

A new pholoroglucinol derivative named eucalyptone G (4) together with nine known compounds (1-3, 5-10) were isolated for the first time from the ethyl acetate fraction of the bark of small twigs of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. Their chemical structures were established on the basis of physical, chemical and spectroscopic methods 1D ( 1 H and 13 C) NMR and 2D (COSY, HMQC and HMBC) NMR in addition to mass spectrometry and comparison with literature data. Eucalyptone G displayed antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
Immunologic Rebound After Cessation of Long-term Chemotherapy in Acute Leukemia (1972)

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the kinetics of repopulation of blood and bone marrow lymphocytes, immunoglobulin synthesis, and antibody production after stopping long-term combination chemotherapy in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) in continuous remission for 2½-3 yr. The phase of recovery after immunosuppressive drugs were discontinued was characterized by a rise of lymphocytes and increased immunoglobulin and antibody production, and it was dependent on the age of the patients at the beginning of treatment. Thus, after the drugs were stopped, blood and bone marrow lymphocytes and serum IgG and IgM increased significantly in the group of patients younger than 5 yr but not in the older group. Lymphocytosis was more pronounced and earlier in bone marrow, suggesting an initial expansion of this cell compartment. After the drugs were discontinued one-fourth of these patients had a rise in antibody to the Hong Kong influenza virus without evidence of reexposure to the same antigen. Although the mechanisms of this age-dependent immunologic rebound are uncertain, we postulate that the number of long-lived, drug-resistant, memory lymphocytes increases in peripheral blood as a function of age and antigenic stimulation. Practical implications derived from this study are: an increase of bone marrow lymphocytes above 40% in children with ALL in whom chemotherapy has been stopped does not indicate relapse but may be a manifestation of immunologic recovery; and a rise in antibody titers after cessation of immunosuppressive drugs may reflect immunologic rebound to an "old" antigen and not necessarily be secondary to an active infectious process.