gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Contribution of Hindpaw Cutaneous Inputs to the Control of Lateral Stability During Walking in the Cat (2009)

To delineate the role of cutaneous feedback from the paws in the regulation of balance during walking, we compared the corrective responses of cats to lateral support surface translation before and after cutaneous denervation of the hindpaws. In addition, we compared characteristics of undisturbed walking before and after denervation. Electromyographic and kinematic data were collected from three cats trained to walk across a walkway, the central portion of which could be unexpectedly translated laterally in either direction. Following denervation, all of the cats changed their step width, lowered their pelvis, and spent more time with the hindlegs in double-support when walking across the walkway. When displaced by lateral support surface translations, the denervated cats made larger lateral steps and required more than a single step to regain balance. However, none of the cats fell following the denervation. The appearance and latency of the responses evoked in the hindleg muscles by the perturbations were unaffected by the denervation. However, the amplitude of these responses was affected by the loss of cutaneous inputs. Responses evoked at paw contact were significantly reduced in most muscles in the absence of cutaneous input, whereas responses evoked at end of stance revealed significant increases in gluteus medius activity with little influence on the activity of other muscles. Therefore the loss of cutaneous inputs leads to instability during gait. Although cutaneous feedback from the hindpaws is not essential for triggering corrective responses to support surface disturbances, it appears that cutaneous inputs are important for scaling the responses initiated by other cues.
A systematic approach to advanced debugging through incremental compilation (Preliminary Draft) (1983)

This paper presents two topics: implementation of a debugger through use of an incremental compiler, and techniques for fine-grained incremental compilation. Both the debugger and the compiler are components of the highly integrated programming environment DICE (Distributed Incremental Compiling Environment) which aims at providing programmer support in the case where the programming environment resides in a host computer and the program is running on a target computer that is connected to the host.Commands to the debugger command level includes all legitimate PASCAL statements. The debugger is machine-independent - it calls the incremental compiler which generates code for evaluation of commands, or modifies the machine code of the target program for insertion of breakpoints etc. Essentially all machine-dependences are isolated inside the code generator of the incremental compiler.
VIII. On the theory of ferromagnetic resonance (1949)

Summary Kittel's classical theory of resonance in a magnetized ferromagnetic material is generalized; a phenomenological theory is obtained in which the dependence on the shape and the dimensions of the specimen no longer occurs. As an application the propagation of a plane electromagnetic (micro-) wave in a magnetized ferromagnetic medium is discussed. A quantum theory of the resonance phenomenon is given on the basis of a generalized Bloch spin-wave theory. An ambiguity in the use of the term gyro magnetic ratio is pointed out. It is suggested that the anomalous g-value found by resonance experiments may be explained by the combined effect of an electric crystal field and spin-orbit interaction.
Electroless deposition of bumps for TAB technology (2002)

Electroless nickel plating was investigated for bumping. Electroless nickel bumps with a height of 265 mu m have been selectively formed on aluminium bondpads. The nickel bumps have been inner-lead-bonded by gang bonding to a tape with a thick layer of tin. The adhesion of the bumps was investigated as a function of the pretreatment of the bondpads. It is noted that electroless bumping offers the greatest advantage of reducing the costs of the bumping process because no sputtering equipment or lithography is required. This can be very important if only small quantities of bumped dies are required because the process is independent of substrate size. Electroless bumping may become an alternative to conventional wafer bumping by electrodeposition at least for certain applications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Review: <i>The Race Bomb: Skin Color, Prejudice, and Intelligence</i>, by Paul R. Ehrlich and S. Shirley Feldman (1978)

Book Review| November 01 1978 Review The Race Bomb: Skin Color, Prejudice, and IntelligencePaul R. EhrlichS. Shirley Feldman Thomas R. Mertens Thomas R. Mertens Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar The American Biology Teacher (1978) 40 (8): 517. https://doi.org/10.2307/4446397 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Thomas R. Mertens; Review. The American Biology Teacher 1 November 1978; 40 (8): 517. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/4446397 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentThe American Biology Teacher Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 1978 National Association of Biology Teachers Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Combining LiDAR space clustering and convolutional neural networks for pedestrian detection (2017)

Pedestrian detection is an important component for safety of autonomous vehicles, as well as for traffic and street surveillance. There are extensive benchmarks on this topic and it has been shown to be a challenging problem when applied on real use-case scenarios. In purely image-based pedestrian detection approaches, the state-of-the-art results have been achieved with convolutional neural networks (CNN) and surprisingly few detection frameworks have been built upon multi-cue approaches. In this work, we develop a new pedestrian detector for autonomous vehicles that exploits LiDAR data, in addition to visual information. In the proposed approach, LiDAR data is utilized to generate region proposals by processing the three dimensional point cloud that it provides. These candidate regions are then further processed by a state-of-the-art CNN classifier that we have fine-tuned for pedestrian detection. We have extensively evaluated the proposed detection process on the KITTI dataset. The experimental results show that the proposed LiDAR space clustering approach provides a very efficient way of generating region proposals leading to higher recall rates and fewer misses for pedestrian detection. This indicates that LiDAR data can provide auxiliary information for CNN-based approaches.
Research on cloud computing security problem and strategy (2012)

The cloud computing is a new computing model which comes from grid computing, distributed computing, parallel computing, virtualization technology, utility computing and other computer technologies and it has more advantage characters such as large scale computation and data storage, virtualization, high expansibility, high reliability and low price service. The security problem of cloud computing is very important and it can prevent the rapid development of cloud computing. This paper introduces some cloud computing systems and analyzes cloud computing security problem and its strategy according to the cloud computing concepts and characters. The data privacy and service availability in cloud computing are the key security problem. Single security method cannot solve the cloud computing security problem and many traditional and new technologies and strategies must be used together for protecting the total cloud computing system.
Fluorescein isothiocyanate labelled bovine serum albumin (FITC-BSA) as a model protein drug: opportunities and drawbacks. (2006)

In the therapy of various diseases, parenterally administered protein drugs are of steadily rising importance. In order to reduce the application frequency, these proteins can be incorporated into drug delivery systems, e.g. biodegradable microparticles from poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA). To evaluate the characteristics of these vehicles, fluorescent labelled proteins like fluorescein isothiocyanate labelled bovine serum albumin (FITC-BSA) may be used as model drugs to allow the visualisation of the protein localisation within the microparticle and the detection of microparticles in cell cultures or tissues. However, the quantification of protein by fluorescence spectroscopy failed. In this study we focused on the mechanism of fluorescence dequenching in a multi-FITC-labelled protein and its impact on a reliable protein determination.
Controlled release of drugs from surgical suture (1987)

Thesis (B.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 1987.
Selected-Zone Dark-Field Electron Microscopy (1972)

Selection of image-forming electrons that have passed through a small annular zone of the objective lens drastically reduces the resolution-limiting influence of chromatic aberration. Special objective-lens aperture diaphragms are needed for this new method of obtaining high-quality images. The manufacture of the diaphragms is described. High-resolution and high-contrast images of crystallographic specimens in the light of selected Bragg-diffracted beams without preference to azimuthal orientations were obtained. In particular, {111}-lattice planes of gold were observed as well as interference fringes (``pseudo'' lattice images) between two nonsymmetrical Au {111} diffracted beams, displaying spacings and azimuthal directions characteristic of regular {200}- and {220}-lattice fringes, although the {200} and {220} diffracted beams were omitted by the specific annular aperture used. Such ``pseudo'' lattice images allow deposit orientation determinations in the same way as ``ordinary'' lattice images.
Design of Packaging and Handling System for Table Grapes (1986)

The current packaging and handling systems in use for high quality table grapes, particularly Thompson Seedless, are not presenting the product to the end user in as good a condition as is possible. The package, packaging, cool storage, transport, pallet, airfreight and seafreight systems are all expensive inputs into distribution and marketing. After considering packaging and handling quality requirements, and the various efficiency constraints it became apparent that alternative systems could be developed to avoid some of the common modes of failure. It is not possible to optimise all efficiency requirements at one time, therefore during system development weightings were used according to importance, based on input costs and risk of quality deterioration. An export system using direct palletising into freight containers, and a local distribution system using consumer packs were devised.
An investigation of spinal bone mineral density measured laterally: a normal range for UK women (1994)

A UK normal range for 250 volunteers was established for bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine (L2-L4) measured laterally in the decubitus position. Two software defined regions of interest ("Body" and "Mid") within the vertebral body were analysed throughout. As expected, a negative correlation of BMD with age was found for Body (r = -0.55, p < 0.001) and Mid (r = -0.56, p < 0.001). The age related bone loss from young to old (20-80 years) was 40% in L3 (Body) and 45% in L3 (Mid). In 22% of the cases only L3 could be measured owing to the influence of rib over L2 and interference of the iliac crest over L4. Age related normal ranges (+/- 2 standard deviations) for the three lumbar vertebra L2, L3, L4 for young normals (age 19-39 years) were found to be 0.54 to 1.02, 0.49 to 1.05 and 0.5 to 1.14 g cm-2 respectively for the Body region and 0.49 to 0.97, 0.45 to 1.01 and 0.45 to 1.13 g cm-2 respectively for the Mid region. These ranges can now be used as reference values for patients with suspected osteoporosis and possibly for future fracture prediction. The in vivo precision in 19 volunteers was found to be 4.2% and 5.6% on Body and Mid respectively. The short term (less than 1 week) in vitro precision was 3.1% and 2.7% respectively. From these data it appears that there is a greater measured age related drop in BMD in the vertebral body (measured laterally) than in the entire vertebra (measured anterior-posteriorly) indicating that the lateral measurement may prove to be more sensitive in predicting fracture. The precision of these results indicates that lateral measurements of the spine are not yet useful for monitoring individuals over short term periods and are less useful for studying the effects of drug treatment than the more traditional anterior-posterior measurement of the spine and femur.
Data Centre Monitoring System Change for Company X (2016)

Company X needs an up-to-date monitoring system to replace the current aging data centre monitoring system. More automation and less manual work is needed, as well as more visibility to present to customers. There are several contenders, both open source and commercial, which have been introduced in this thesis report, their features have been compared to each other, after which one of them is recommended for implementation. Licenses and prices, as well as hardware costs for the monitoring system, are beyond the scope and have not been considered and focus will be on suitability for the required tasks. The scope includes data centre and application monitoring whereas network monitoring is out of scope and though mentioned has not been considered. The monitoring systems were compared to each other by several features, for which sufficient information was available in the documentation. The result is that they are almost equal with regard to features. In conclusion, within the narrow scope of this comparison, Nagios and CA UIM were found to have some immature parts, while Zabbix and BMC TrueSight seem quite mature and ready for large scale deployment. It can also be seen that there is no inherent advantage or disadvantage to a system being developed commercially or as open source.
Catalytic activities of polymer‐supported metal complexes in oxidation of phenol and epoxidation of cyclohexene (2007)

Abstract The metal complexes of N , N ′‐bis ( o ‐hydroxy acetophenone) propylene diamine (HPPn) Schiff base were supported on cross‐linked polystyrene beads. The complexation of iron(III), copper(II), and zinc(II) ions on polymer‐anchored HPPn Schiff base was 83.4, 85.7, and 84.5 wt%, respectively, whereas the complexation of these metal ions on unsupported HPPn Schiff base was 82.3, 84.5, and 83.9 wt%. The iron(III) complexes of HPPn Schiff base were octahedral in geometry, whereas copper(II) and zinc(II) ions complexes were square planar and tetrahedral. Complexation of metal ions increased the thermal stability of HPPn Schiff base. Catalytic activity of metal complexes was tested by studying the oxidation of phenol and epoxidation of cyclohexene in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. The polymer‐supported HPPn Schiff base complexes of iron(III) ions showed 73.0 wt% conversion of phenol and 90.6 wt% conversion of cyclohexene at a molar ratio of 1:1:1 of substrate to catalyst and hydrogen peroxide, but unsupported complexes of iron(III) ions showed 63.8 wt% conversion for phenol and 83.2 wt% conversion for cyclohexene. The product selectivity for catechol (CTL) and epoxy cyclohexane (ECH) was 93.1 and 98.3 wt%, respectively with supported HPPn Schiff base complexes of iron(III) ions but was lower with HPPn Schiff base complexes of copper(II) and zinc(II) ions. Activation energy for the epoxidation of cyclohexene and phenol conversion with unsupported HPPn Schiff base complexes of iron(III) ions was 16.6 kJ mol −1 and 21.2 kJ mol −1 , respectively, but was lower with supported complexes of iron(III) ions. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improving Thermosonic Gold Ball Bond Reliability (1985)

A comprehensive study using normal probability paper to project gold wire bond reliability has been performed. Reliability projections have been made using ceramic capillaries, tungsten carbide capillaries, gold wire, gold/palladium alloy wire, three different device metallizations, nine different wire lot numbers, and seven ultrasonic power settings. The reliability projections from all of the tests were then compared to the ball shear force from each test to correlate shear force with reliability. The results indicate that several orders of magnitude increase in reliability can be achieved from using optimum wire bond parameters. The ball shear force value has also been shown to be very useful in predicting reliability and thus eliminating time consuming wire pull tests.
Identification of Vertical Profiles of Reflectivity from Volume Scan Radar Data (1999)

The vertical variability of reflectivity in the radar beam is an important source of error that interferes with a reliable estimation of the rainfall rate by radar. This source of error can be corrected if the vertical profile of reflectivity (VPR) has been previously determined. This paper presents a method for determining local VPRs from volume scan radar data, that is, from radar data recorded at multiple elevation angles. It is shown that the VPR directly provided by volume scan radar data differs from the true one, which can make it inappropriate to the correction of radar data for the VPR influence. The VPR identification method, based on the analysis of ratios of radar measurements at multiple elevations angles, is then described. The application conditions of the method are defined through sensitivity tests applied to a synthetic case. A "real world" case study allows performing a first evaluation of the proposed method. This analysis demonstrates that the identification of local VPRs and the correction for their influence at a scale of about 100 km2 contributes to improving the reliability of rainfall measurement by radar. Moreover, it is shown that a correction of radar data based on identified VPRs performs better than a correction based on the VPRs directly deduced from volume scan radar data. This last point confirms the importance of the VPR identification stage in the correction of radar data for this source of error.
Developmental abnormalities of cortical interneurons precede symptoms onset in a mouse model of Rett syndrome (2014)

Rett syndrome (RTT, MIM312750), a neurodevelopmental disorder predominantly occurring in females, is caused in the majority of cases by sporadic mutations in the gene encoding the transcriptional modulator methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MECP2). In mice, impaired MeCP2 function results in severe motor, cognitive, and emotional defects. The lack of Mecp2 in γ-aminobutyric acid-(GABA) releasing forebrain interneurons (INs) recapitulate many RTT features, however, the role of this gene in the development of the cortical inhibitory system is still unknown. Here, we found that MeCP2 expression varies among the three major classes of cortical INs and its nuclear localization differs between neuronal types. The density of calretinin(+) and parvalbumin(+) INs increases in Mecp2 knockout mice (Mecp2(-/y) ) already at early post-natal developmental stages. In contrast, the density of somatostatin(+) INs is not affected. We also found that the development of multipolar-calretinin(+) INs is selectively affected by the absence of Mecp2. Additionally, we show that in Mecp2 heterozygous female mice, a model closely mimicking human RTT condition, IN abnormalities are similar to those observed in Mecp2(-/y) mice. Together, our study indicates that loss of function of Mecp2 strongly interferes with the correct establishment of the neocortical inhibitory system producing effects that are specific to different IN subtypes.
Lifetime improvement through runtime wear-based task mapping (2012)

As transistors continue to become smaller, they become exponentially susceptible to permanent wearout faults. Without mitigation, these types of faults will render systems useless within unacceptably short time periods. Our work presents the design for a runtime task mapping subsystem which mitigates these faults using a wear-based heuristic. We compare our wear-based heuristic to power- and temperature-based heuristics used within the same system framework. Using a wide range of synthetic and real-world benchmarks, we show that our wear-based heuristic is able to improve total system lifetime by an average of 7.1% over temperature-based heuristics. Additionally, we show that our wear-based heuristic can be used to drastically improve the time to the first component failure (TTFF) of a system. TTFF is a metric that is of interest to designers who wish to avoid the design and verification difficulties of systems which are expected to recover after a component failure. Our wear-based heuristic improves TTFF by an average of 14.6% over temperature-based heuristics across all of our benchmarks. Our observations lead us to conclude that runtime, wear-based task mapping must be incorporated into systems for which lifetime is a primary design goal.
Model catalytic studies over metal single crystals (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleModel catalytic studies over metal single crystalsD. Wayne GoodmanCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1984, 17, 5, 194–200Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar00101a007https://doi.org/10.1021/ar00101a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views568Altmetric-Citations137LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
한국 지방자치단체의 지방재정자립도 결정요인 분석 (2004)

본 논문에서는 1985-2000 년 기간 동안 한국의 13 개 광역지방자치단체 지방재정자 립도의 결정요인에 대해 분석하고 있다. 지방재정자립도는 자치단체의 전체 일반재원 가운데 지방세와 세외수입으로 구성된 자주재원이 차지하는 비중으로 정의된다.
한편 의존재원은 중앙정부로부터 지방정부로 이전되는 지방교부와 국고보조금 및 지방양여금으로 구성된다 . 1995...