gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of synthesis temperature on the structural defects of integrated spinel-layered Li<sub>1.2</sub>Mn<sub>0.75</sub>Ni<sub>0.25</sub>O<sub>2+δ</sub>: a strategy to develop high-capacity cathode materials for Li-ion batteries (2017)

An integrated layered-spinel of (1 − <italic>x</italic>)Li<sub>1.2</sub>Mn<sub>0.6</sub>Ni<sub>0.2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>·<italic>x</italic>LiMn<sub>1.5</sub>Ni<sub>0.5</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (0.15 < <italic>x</italic> < 0.3) was synthesized by a hydrothermal reaction followed by firing at different temperatures.
Y3IP1, a Nucleus-Encoded Thylakoid Protein, Cooperates with the Plastid-Encoded Ycf3 Protein in Photosystem I Assembly of Tobacco and <i>Arabidopsis</i>   (2010)

The intricate assembly of photosystem I (PSI), a large multiprotein complex in the thylakoid membrane, depends on auxiliary protein factors. One of the essential assembly factors for PSI is encoded by ycf3 (hypothetical chloroplast reading frame number 3) in the chloroplast genome of algae and higher plants. To identify novel factors involved in PSI assembly, we constructed an epitope-tagged version of ycf3 from tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) and introduced it into the tobacco chloroplast genome by genetic transformation. Immunoaffinity purification of Ycf3 complexes from the transplastomic plants identified a novel nucleus-encoded thylakoid protein, Y3IP1 (for Ycf3-interacting protein 1), that specifically interacts with the Ycf3 protein. Subsequent reverse genetics analysis of Y3IP1 function in tobacco and Arabidopsis thaliana revealed that knockdown of Y3IP1 leads to a specific deficiency in PSI but does not result in loss of Ycf3. Our data indicate that Y3IP1 represents a novel factor for PSI biogenesis that cooperates with the plastid genome-encoded Ycf3 in the assembly of stable PSI units in the thylakoid membrane.
The Road From Discovery to Clinic: Adiponectin as a Biomarker of Metabolic Status (2009)

Biomarkers are globally used to monitor clinical responses to therapeutic and lifestyle interventions. The adipocyte-derived hormone adiponectin is recognized as a promising new biomarker owing to its many associations with components of the metabolic syndrome. The study described by Wagner and colleagues in this issue offers a first example of how a large-scale effort in the context of a cross-company collaborative study in the pharmaceutical industry can offer a powerful tool for the further validation of a new biomarker in the context of pharmacological intervention with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) agonists.
Colloidal Spherical Quantum Wells with Near-Unity Photoluminescence Quantum Yield and Suppressed Blinking (2016)

Thick inorganic shells endow colloidal nanocrystals (NCs) with enhanced photochemical stability and suppression of photoluminescence intermittency (also known as blinking). However, the progress of using thick-shell heterostructure NCs in applications has been limited due to the low photoluminescence quantum yield (PL QY ≤ 60%) at room temperature. Here, we demonstrate thick-shell NCs with CdS/CdSe/CdS seed/spherical quantum well/shell (SQW) geometry that exhibit near-unity PL QY at room temperature and suppression of blinking. In SQW NCs, the lattice mismatch is diminished between the emissive CdSe layer and the surrounding CdS layers as a result of coherent strain, which suppresses the formation of misfit defects and consequently permits ∼100% PL QY for SQW NCs with a thick CdS shell (≥5 nm). High PL QY of thick-shell SQW NCs is preserved even in concentrated dispersion and in film under thermal stress, which makes them promising candidates for applications in solid-state lightings and luminescent solar concentrators.
Influence of Cotton Fiber Strength and Fineness on Fiber Damage during Lint Cleaning (1988)

Seven sources of cotton representing a wide range of fiber properties were roller ginned, saw ginned, or saw ginned plus processed through tandem saw lint cleaners or through an aggressive carding-type cleaner (Cottonmaster 1 ). Lint cleaner induced changes in fiber length and nep count were compared to fiber property measurements from roller ginned samples. Fiber length deterioration from saw ginning was negatively correlated with fiber strength. Fiber breakage in lint cleaning was positively correlated with fiber fineness. Resistance to fiber length damage in ginning was explained best by fiber strength and fineness, or an estimate of individual fiber strength. Initial and final nep level were related to fineness, nonlint content, and upper quartile length, but an increase in neps due to lint cleaning had no significant relationship to fiber properties.
Effects of dietary supplementation with fish oil on in vivo production of inflammatory mediators in clinically normal dogs (2008)

A fish oil-enriched diet consisting of 1.75 g of EPA/kg of diet and 2.2 g of DHA/kg of diet (dry-matter basis) with an n-6:n-3 fatty acid ratio of 3.4:1 was associated with significant reductions in serum PGE2 concentrations and IL-1 and IL-6 activities. Results supported the use of EPA- and DHA-enriched diets as part of antiinflammatory treatments for dogs with chronic inflammatory diseases. Additional studies in affected dogs are warranted to further evaluate beneficial anti-inflammatory effects of EPA- and DHA-enriched diets.
Parameters affecting transition temperatures of poly(lactic acid‐co‐polydiols) copolymer‐based polyester urethanes and their shape memory behavior (2011)

A series of polyester urethanes (PEUs) comprising poly(lactic acid‐co‐polydiol) copolymers as a soft segment, 4,4′‐diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and 1,4‐butanediol (BDO) as a hard segment were systematically synthesized. Soft segments, which were block copolymers of L ‐lactide (LA) and polydiols such as poly(ethylene glycol) and poly(trimethylene ether glycol), were prepared via ring opening polymerization. Glass transition temperatures ( T g ) of the obtained PEUs were found strongly dependent on properties of copolymer soft segments. By simply changing composition ratio, type and molecular weight of polydiols in the soft segment preparation step, T g of PEU can be varied in the broad range of 0–57°C. The synthesized PEUs exhibited shape memory behavior at their transition temperatures. PEUs with hard segment ratio higher than 65 mole percent showed good shape recovery. These findings suggested that it is important to manipulate molecular structure of the copolymer soft segment for a desirable transition temperature and design optimal soft to hard segment ratio in PEU for good shape recovery. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An Assessment of Five Turbulence Models in Predicting Turbulent Separation (2004)

Four different turbulence models were employed to predict the flow over a wall-mounted Glauert-Goldschmied body. The models evaluated include: 1) two-layer k–ε, 2) shear stress transport, 3) low-Reynolds number k–ω, 4) Spalart-Allmaras, and 5) v2−f. Calculations were performed for both an uncontrolled case, and a controlled-flow case which used steady suction through a slot located at the 65% chord station. The flow conditions include a freestream Mach number of approximately 0.1, and a chord Reynolds number of just under 1 million. For each model, the numerical results over predicted the experimentally determined re-attachment length. An examination of streamwise velocity profiles at several stations downstream of the trailing edge revealed considerable variation in the predictions of the five turbulence models.
Cell kinetics of lithium‐induced granulopoiesis (1982)

Lithium has been shown to be an effective inducer of granulopoiesis. The mechanism of lithium action has been shown to influence CFU-s and CFU-c proliferation, increase colony-stimulating factor (CSF) production and reduce erythropoiesis. We report here evidence to show that lithium recruits CFU-c that are not normally in the cell cycle into active DNA synthesis, as measured by hydroxyurea and tritiated thymidine suicide techniques. Furthermore, lithium action is shown to be time-dependent, since the delay addition of lithium for 5 min to normal bone marrow removes the enhancement usually seen when lithium is given at time zero. The implications of these lithium-induced effects are described.
Interlobe Communication in <sup>13</sup>C-Methionine-Labeled Human Transferrin (1996)

[1H, 13C] NMR investigations of metal-induced conformational changes in the blood serum protein transferrin (80 kDa) are reported. These are thought to play an important role in the recognition of this protein by its cellular receptors. [1H, 13C] NMR resonance assignments are presented for all nine methionine 13CH3 groups of recombinant deglycosylated human transferrin on the basis of studies of recombinant N-lobe (40 kDa, five Met residues), NOESY-relayed [1H, 13C] HMQC spectra, and structural considerations. The first specific assignments for C-lobe resonances of transferrin are presented. Using methionine 13CH3 resonances as probes, it is shown that, with oxalate as the synergistic anion, Ga3+ binds preferentially to the C-lobe and subsequently to the N-lobe. The NMR shifts of Met464, which is in the Trp460-centered hydrophobic patch of helix 5 in the C-lobe in contact with the anion and metal binding site, show that Ga3+ binding causes movement of side chains within this helix, as is also the case in the N-lobe. The C-lobe residue Met382, which contacts the N-lobe hinge region, is perturbed when Ga3+ binds to the N-lobe, indicative of interlobe communication, a feature which may control the recognition of fully-metallated transferrin by its receptor. These results demonstrate that selective 13C labeling is a powerful method for probing the structure and dynamics of high-molecular-mass proteins.
Some PhCNO‐containing molecules; mass spectral similarity and molecular diversity (1980)

Abstract Some diverse compounds possessing a PhCNO unit cleave the NO link upon electron impact to give [PhCN] + ˙. Different and especially significant modes of NO scission occur in metastable processes when the oxygen atom of the PhCNO group is exocyclic to a heterocyclic nitrogen atom. Upon electron impact, rupture of the NO bond in PhCNO‐containing molecules generally dominates over 1,3‐dipolar cycloreversion, which generates the radical cation of benzonitrile oxide. Stable PhCNO‐containing molecules survive competing fragmentations in the ion source to produce [M+H] + ions of moderate relative intensity. Other ions, which are larger than [M] + are implicated where M is PhCHNOR. Several values of m / z for metastable ions are common to compounds which have a PhCNO moiety. These m / z values generally derive both from a parent ion with m / z ⩽105 and from a PhCNO moiety.
ChemInform Abstract: CYCLIZATION OF O‐(METHYLTHIO)ANILIDES WITH PHOSPHONITRILE DICHLORIDE, SYNTHESIS OF 2‐SUBSTITUTED BENZOTHIAZOLES (1978)

Abstract Die Cyclisierung von 2‐Methylthio‐aniliden (I) zu Benzothiazolen (III) erfolgt in Gegenwart von Phosphonitrildichlorid (II) und Triethylamin in siedendem Dioxan mit hohen Ausbeuten.
Expanding the immunotherapeutic potential of minor histocompatibility antigens (2005)

Minor histocompatibility antigens (mHAgs) selectively expressed by cells or cell subsets of the hematopoietic system are targets of the T cell-mediated graft-versus-leukemia response that develops following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for the treatment of hematological malignancies. This observation has served as the rationale for utilizing mHAg-specific immunotherapy for the treatment of particular patients. However, at present, only a select and small number of patients could potentially benefit from mHAg-based immunotherapy. A report from de Rijke et al. in this issue of the JCI describes a new hematopoietic lineage-specific HLA-B7-restricted mHAg associated with remission of chronic myeloid leukemia. This result represents another example of an mHAg-mediated graft-versus-leukemia response, thereby expanding the number of patients eligible for mHAg-based immunotherapy in the setting of HSCT.
Rhodium acetate/base-catalyzed N-silylation of indole derivatives with hydrosilanes (2012)

In the presence of Rh(2)(OAc)(4) (OAc = acetate) and TBA(2)WO(4) (TBA = tetra-n-butylammonium), the N-silylation of indole derivatives with hydrosilanes efficiently proceeded to give the corresponding N-silylated indoles in high yields. Pyrrole and carbazole were also N-silylated with the combined catalysts.
EXPOSIÇÃO SOLAR E PROPRIEDADES DO SOLO EM SANTA MARIA – RS (2005)

No hemisferio sul, devido a maior interceptacao de radiacao solar e consequentemente maior evapotranspiracao potencial, diferencas quimicas, fisicas e morfologicas nos solos  desenvolvidos nas faces voltadas para o norte em relacao as voltadas para o sul podem surgir nessas faces. O objetivo desse trabalho foi o de verificar diferencas quimicas e fisicas entre solos nas faces norte e sul da regiao de Santa Maria – RS. Foram realizadas analises quimicas (M.O., pH, pH-SMP, Al, Ca, Mg, K, P, H+Al, CTC efetiva e potencial, Al% e V%) e fisicas (DMG, DMP, EA e teor de argila) de solos desenvolvidos nas superficies norte e sul na regiao de Santa Maria, localizada na latitude sul de 29°43′30′′. Os resultados foram interpretados atraves do teste de t de Student e da analise multivariada utilizando o agrupamento nao ponderado de pares e adotada a distância Euclidiana como criterio de semelhanca. Atraves do teste t de Student, nao foi verificada diferenca significativa entre s variaveis analisadas, exceto para estabilidade de agregados. A analise de agrupamento separou as amostras da face norte daquelas da face sul. Assim, ainda que estas diferencas sejam pequenas para justificar praticas agricolas diferenciadas, pode ser interessante considera-las em estudos pedogeneticos mais detalhados.
CHOLINE DEFICIENCY IN THE GUINEA PIG (1957)

Young guinea pigs (4–6 days of age) fed a choline-deficient diet grew slowly and died within 3 to 4 weeks, at which time the livers showed only traces of stainable fat. Animals fed the diet supplemented with choline grew at the rate of 5.5 to 6.0 g. per day. Guinea pigs transferred from a complete diet to a choline-deficient diet after 3 to 4 weeks suffered an immediate retardation in growth but no mortality occurred (up to 6 weeks). A decrease in total body fat was noted. After 4 weeks, stainable fat was present in the liver. A small but definite increase in total liver fat occurred at 6 weeks. The guinea pig, like the chick, is unable to place the first methyl group on the ethanolamine moiety of choline, but betaine plus monomethylaminoethanol was as effective as choline in overcoming a deficiency of the latter.
Serum Alpha Globulin Fraction: Survival-and-Recovery Effect in Irradiated Mice (1967)

An alpha macroglobulin fraction (19S) was isolated from the serum of rats and BC(3)F(1) mice by zonal ultracentrifugation. Both the isologous and heterologous macroglobulin fractions increased survival among BC(3)F(1) mice x-irradiated with 750 roentgens. The mouse macroglobulin fraction also enhanced radiation recovery of hematopoietic tissue as measured by colony-forming assay and iron-59 incorporation into erythropoietic cells. The overall difference in hematopoietic activity in the irradiated (400 roentgens) mice treated with the macroglobulin fraction, in comparison with this activity in the controls, was three- to fivefold in the bone marrow and nine- to tenfold in the spleen between days 4 and 7 after irradiation. This effect was not obtained with the isologous serum protein fraction containing proteins of smaller molecular weight.
The unique activity of bone morphogenetic proteins in bone: a critical role of the Smad signaling pathway (2013)

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are multifunctional cytokines that belong to the transforming growth factor-β family. BMPs were originally identified based on their unique activity, inducing heterotopic bone formation in skeletal muscle. This unique BMP activity is transduced by specific type I and type II transmembrane kinase receptors. Among the downstream pathways activated by these receptors, the Smad1/5/8 transcription factors appear to play critical roles in BMP activity. Smad1/5/8 transcription factors are phosphorylated at the C-terminal SVS motif by BMP type I receptors and then induce the transcription of early BMP-responsive genes by binding to conserved sequences in their enhancer regions. The linker regions of Smad1/5/8 contain multiple kinase phosphorylation sites, and phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of these sites regulate the transcriptional activity of Smad proteins. Gain-of-function mutations in one BMP type I receptor have been identified in patients with fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva, a rare genetic disorder that is characterized by progressive heterotopic bone formation in the skeletal muscle. The mutant receptors activate the Smad signaling pathway even in the absence of BMPs, therefore novel inhibitors for the BMP receptor - Smad axis are being developed to prevent heterotopic bone formation in fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva. Taken together, the data in the literature show that the BMP type I receptor - Smad signaling axis is the critical pathway for the unique activity of BMPs and is a potential therapeutic target for pathological conditions caused by inappropriate BMP activity.
Abstract 3055: Genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen for the identification of novel YAP1/TAZ modulators (2019)

Aberrant activation of the Hippo pathway effectors YAP1/TAZ promotes cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. To identify novel regulators of YAP1/TAZ as a possible means to treat cancer, we established a novel, FACS-based screening system monitoring YAP1/TAZ activity in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Using these cells, we performed a pooled genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screen. We identified approximately 50 genes potentially activating YAP1/TAZ with functions in the Actin Cytoskeleton signaling, p53 signaling, cell polarity or ER stress, amongst others. Moreover, we identified about 30 potential targets which when knocked out induce activity of YAP1/TAZ. The list of hits included genes known to affect the YAP1/TAZ activity such as AJUBA, LATS2 and TEAD, demonstrating the validity of the screen. Functional validation of the novel potential YAP1/TAZ modulators will aid to the further understanding of YAP1/TAZ biology and may open the door to new therapeutic avenues for targeting YAP1/TAZ in cancer.Citation Format: Jan Naujoks, Lisette Potze, Anna Anurin, Julia Kuehnlenz, Ralf Lesche, Atanas Kamburov, Ekaterina Nevedomskaya, Andreas Steffen, Martin Lange, Barbara Nicke. Genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen for the identification of novel YAP1/TAZ modulators [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3055.
Analgesic effects by electroacupuncture were decreased in inducible nitric oxide synthase knockout mice (2007)

The present findings suggested that iNOS may play a crucial role in both low- and high-frequency EA-induced analgesic effects.
Molecular mechanisms of atherogenesis associated with aging (2007)

培養血管細胞の寿命は有限であり，一定期間の分裂増殖後，細胞老化と呼ばれる分裂停止状態となる．細胞老化に伴う形質の変化は，老化した血管においてみられる機能不全とよく似ている．老化した血管細胞は実際動脈硬化巣に特異的に認められ，内皮機能障害などの形質を示すことから，生体内における細胞レベルの老化が動脈硬化形成に関与していると考えられる．血管細胞の老化のメカニズムとしては，テロメアの短縮によるもの，あるいはテロメア非依存性のものがある．特に過剰な増殖刺激シグナルに重要であると思われるRasは，血管細胞を老化させ血管炎症性を亢進させる．インスリンの下流シグナルとして重要なAktも過剰に活性化されると，細胞老化促進に働く．これらの老化シグナルは，動脈硬化や糖尿病性血管障害など老化に伴う血管病に関与していることが予想され，老化シグナル制御による新たな血管治療の開発が期待される．
Efficiency Contours and Loss Minimization Over a Driving Cycle of a Variable Flux-Intensifying Machine (2015)

In this paper, experimental evaluations for the efficiency of a novel interior permanent-magnet (IPM) machine with variable-flux characteristics using low-coercive-force magnets are presented. The variable-flux characteristics allow improving the efficiency of a machine. A flux-intensifying IPM type having positive saliency is employed for a positive d-axis current to mitigate a demagnetizing field in the magnet due to a q-axis current. A proof-of-principle machine is designed, fabricated, and evaluated. A series of experiments are conducted to capture the magnetization and demagnetization properties of the low-coercive-force magnets by applying control d-axis current pulse. The efficiency contours with different magnetization states (MSs) of the magnets are then experimentally obtained. The designed machine shows benefits in improving efficiency when the MS is optimally operated. With these results, the loss over a driving cycle is then simulated, and the benefits of changing the MS are quantified.
Advances in identification and compensation of nonlinear systems by adaptive volterra models (2010)

In this contribution, we present some recent advances in the modeling of unknown nonlinearities by adaptive Volterra filters. In particular, a system identification scenario in the form of the nonlinear acoustic echo cancelation problem is considered, which is most challenging due to large kernel sizes and excitation by colored (noise) and/or nonstationary signals (speech). After reviewing the general filter structure and discussing a possibly more efficient DFT-domain realization by resorting to a multichannel representation, mainly two aspects are covered: On the one hand, convergence aspects are addressed (i) by framewise iterated updating that is shown to result in a faster adaptation for DFT-domain implementations and (ii) by combining Volterra kernels with different adaptation parameters, thus yielding an elegant method of robust step-size control. On the other hand, a modification of these combination schemes lends itself to an especially promising approach that enables an evolutionary self-configuration of the adaptive nonlinear structure while providing estimates for the optimum memory size parameters. From these developments, conclusions are drawn and some guidelines for future work are given.
Novel controllers for high performance aircraft (1994)

H/sub infinity / robust control techniques are applied to the pitch rate control of a modern combat aircraft. The linearized equations of motion are unstable and contain a low-frequency non-minimum phase zero. A novel technique is presented which allows a small degree of closed-loop instability thus avoiding the usual trade-offs inherent in such systems. >
Comparison of the Anticonvulsant Activities of Ethosuximide, Valproate, and a New Anticonvulsant, Thiobutyrolactone (1989)

Anticonvulsant properties of alpha-ethyl-alpha-methyl-gamma-thiobutyrolactone (alpha-EMTBL) were compared with those of the antiepileptic drugs ethosuximide (ESM) and valproate (VPA) by testing their ability to block seizures in mice caused by maximal electroshock (MES), pentylenetetrazol (PTZ), picrotoxin (PICRO), bicuculline (BIC), methyl-6,7-dimethoxy-4-ethyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate (DMCM), N-methyl-D,L-aspartate (NMDA), aminophylline (AMPH), strychnine (STR), beta-ethyl-beta-methyl-gamma-thiobutyrolactone (beta-EMTBL), and t-butylbicyclophosphorothionate (TBPS). ESM was able to prevent PTZ-, PICRO-, DMCM-, and beta-EMTBL-induced seizures. In contrast, VPA and alpha-EMTBL blocked all of these plus MESTBPS-, and BIC-induced convulsions. Only VPA prevented AMPH-induced seizures. None of the anticonvulsants blocked STR or NMDA seizures. Rotorod testing for acute neurotoxicity demonstrated that ESM was the least toxic and alpha-EMTBL and VPA were equivalent. Animals treated daily with high doses of alpha-EMTBL for a 2-week period appeared healthier and had a higher survival rate than animals treated with VPA in the same manner. After a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection, the duration of anticonvulsant action of alpha-EMTBL was 1.3 and 4 times longer than that of ESM and VPA, respectively. These results indicate that alpha-EMTBL has a wide spectrum of anticonvulsant action like VPA but may be less toxic and longer acting. We suggest that alpha-EMTBL is a compound worthy of further testing and development as an antiepileptic drug (AED).