gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Strategies for development and adoption of EHR in German ambulatory care (2010)

Electronic Health Records (EHR) have the potential to improve the delivery of health care. In Germany most physicians in ambulatory care have adopted Electronic Medical Records (EMR) locally within their institutions, using their practice information systems. A national telematics initiative, which
Phantom Sciatica. A Case Report* (1997)

BROWN, MARK D. M.D., PH.D.†; HORNICEK, FRANCIS J. M.D., PH.D.†; LEBWOHL, NATHAN H. M.D.†, MIAMI, FLORIDA Author Information
Characterization of Na-K-ATPase in dog tracheal epithelium: enzymatic and ion transport measurements (1980)

The dog tracheal epithelium actively secretes Cl and absorbs Na. The possible dependency of this electrolyte transport on a Mg-dependent, Na-K-activated adenosine triphosphatase (Na-K-ATPase, EC 3.6.1.3) was examined. The characteristics of this enzyme system were investigated using homogenates of tracheal epithelium. The electrical properties and ion fluxes of this epithelium were determined in tissues mounted in Ussing chambers. Addition of Na and K produced an approximate 50% activation of basal Mg-ATPase activity. The apparent Km values for ATP, Na, K, and Mg were 0.4, 12.7, 1.9, and 1.6 mM, respectively. The total specific ATPase activity was 8.1 +/- 0.4 and that of the Mg-ATPase 4.3 +/- 0.1 mumol Pi. mg protein -1.h-1. Addition of ouabain (1 muM) or omission of K from the submucosal bathing solution reduced potential difference (PD) and short-circuit current (SCC) significantly. Relatively low concentrations (0.1 mM or less) of ethacrynic acid, furosemide, or 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) depressed SCC and PD significantly, i.e., at concentrations that were without effect on the Na-K-ATPase activity. Ethacrynic acid inhibited Cl secretion, whereas 2,4-DNP lowered both Na and Cl transport. These data demonstrate that 1) the tracheal mucosa of dogs contains a Na-K-ATPase at relatively high specific activity, 2) this enzyme is likely contained in the basal aspect of this membrane, 3) it appears to be essential for maintenance of Cl secretion, and 4) Cl secretion can be reduced (by ethacrynic acid, furosemide, and 2,4-DNP) without Na-K-ATPase inhibition.
Distribution, laminar location, and morphology of tectal neurons projecting to the isthmo‐optic nucleus and the nucleus isthmi, pars parvocellularis in the pigeon (<i>Columba livia</i>) and chick (<i>Gallus domesticus</i>): A retrograde labelling study (1991)

Retrograde transport of Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L), fluorogold, fast blue, rhodamine labelled microspheres, and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was employed to study the distribution, laminar location within the optic tectum, and morphology of tectal cells projecting upon the isthmo-optic nucleus (ION) and the nucleus isthmi, pars parvocellularis (Ipc), in the pigeon and chick. Following injections into the ION, all retrograde markers labelled tecto-ION neurons and their dendrites in the ipsilateral tectum. The cells were located within a relatively narrow band at the border between layers 9 and 10 of the stratum griseum et fibrosum superficiale (SGFS). Retrogradely labelled neuronal somata were different in both dendritic branching and shape; however, tecto-ION neurons generally possessed non-spiny radially oriented and multi-branched dendrites. The apical processes extended into the retino-recipient layers (2-7) of the SGFS and basal dendrites extended into layers 12-14 of the SGFS. Positive neuronal somata were observed throughout the rostro-caudal extent of the optic tectum. The average distance between adjacent tecto-ION neurons varied from one region to another. Specifically, retrogradely labelled cells were more numerous in the caudal, lateral, and ventral tectum, and less numerous at rostro-dorsal levels. Approximately 12,000 tecto-ION neurons were labelled within the ipsilateral optic tectum following either PHA-L or fluorescent dye injections. While the regional distribution of tecto-Ipc neurons was not examined, the morphology indicated that the cells had a single radially oriented dendritic process. Therefore, the apical dendrites are more restricted than those of tecto-ION cells. Moreover, the dendrites were spiny and arborized within layers 3, 5, and 9 of the ipsilateral optic tectum. The axon of tecto-Ipc cells arise from the apical process as a shepherd's crook and descend into the deep layers of the optic tectum. These results indicate that 1) tecto-ION and tecto-Ipc neurons are possibly monosynaptically activated by retinal input, 2) tecto-ION neurons are heterogeneous in morphology, and 3) there is a differential distribution of the tecto-ION neurons throughout the rostro-caudal extent of the optic tectum, suggesting a greater representation of the caudo-ventral portion of the optic tectum within the ION. The discussion primarily concerns the organization of the retino-tecto-ION-retinal circuit in light of the distribution and morphology of tecto-ION neurons within the optic tectum.
Preliminary experience with paclitaxel (Taxol) plus recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in the treatment of breast cancer. (1993)

Single-agent paclitaxel (TAXOL) was administered to 79 patients with stage IV breast cancer. Twenty-eight patients had no prior chemotherapy (for metastatic disease), and 51 patients had extensive exposure to other chemotherapeutic agents before beginning the 24-hour paclitaxel infusion. Routine use of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor helped to ameliorate neutropenia, the dose-limiting toxicity, in some cases. Other toxicity was generally mild to moderate. Paclitaxel was more active in patients whose stage IV disease had not yet been exposed to chemotherapy, but activity was seen in the patients previously treated extensively as well. There is a strong clinical suggestion of non-cross-resistance with doxorubicin. In one case, an excellent response in previously irradiated skin was seen. Paclitaxel is a very promising agent for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer.
Radiative Property Measurements of Oxy-Fuel Flames (2011)

As part of the DOE Existing Plants, Emissions and Capture (EPEC) program, oxy-combustion is being investigated as a method to simplify carbon capture and reduce the parasitic energy penalties associated with separating CO2 from a dilute flue gas. Gas-phase radiation heat transfer in boilers becomes significant when shifting from air-firing to oxy-combustion, and must be accurately represented in models. Currently, radiative property data are not widely available in the literature for conditions appropriate to this environment. In order to facilitate the development and validation of accurate oxy-combustion models, NETL conducted a series of studies to measure radiation properties of oxy-fuel flames at adiabatic flame temperatures of 1750–1950K, and product molar concentrations ranging from 95% CO2 to 100% steam, determined by equilibrium calculations. Transmission coefficients were measured as a function of wavelength using a mid-IR imaging spectrometer and a blackbody radiation source. Additionally, flame temperatures were calculated using data collected within CO2 and H2O absorption bands. Experimental results were compared to two statistical narrow-band models and experimental data from literature sources. These comparisons showed good overall agreement, although differences between the models and experimental results were noted, particularly for the R branch of the 2.7 μm H2O band.
An air filter pressure loss model for fan energy calculation in air handling units (2003)

Air filters consume a significant part of the fan power in air handling systems. Due to lack of suitable models, the fan energy associated with the filter pressure drop is often estimated based on average airflow and average pressure drop across the filter. Since the pressure drop varies nonlinearly with airflow and the filter resistance varies with dirt build-up, current methods often produce erroneous results. This paper presents a new air filter pressure loss model that has been developed and verified using experimental data. The model projects the pressure losses across the filter for both constant and variable airflows. The inputs to the model are the airflow rate, the time of use, the initial design and final pressure losses at the design flow rate, and the coefficient of a power law regression of pressure loss as a function of airflow rate. The air filter pressure loss model may be implemented in hourly building energy simulation programs that perform hourly simulation at the air handling unit level. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ion suppression in the determination of clenbuterol in urine by solid‐phase extraction atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation ion‐trap mass spectrometry (2002)

Ion suppression effects were observed during the determination of clenbuterol in urine with solid-phase extraction/multiple-stage ion-trap mass spectrometry (SPE/MS(3)), despite the use of atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation. During SPE, a polymeric stationary phase (polydivinylbenzene) was applied. Post-cartridge infusion of analyte to the SPE eluate after the extraction of blank urine was performed to obtain a profile of the suppression. Single and multiple-stage MS were performed to provide insight in the suppressing compounds. The ion suppression was mainly ascribed to two m/z values, but still no identification of the compounds was achieved from the multiple-stage MS data. No ionisable and non-ionisable complexes and/or precipitation of clenbuterol with matrix compounds were observed. A concentration dependence of the percentage of suppression was observed. Up to 70% of the signal was suppressed upon post-cartridge infusion of 0.22 microg/mL (at 5 microL/min) clenbuterol into the eluate, and this decreased to about 4% at infusion of 22 microg/mL clenbuterol. Molecularly imprinted polymers were used to enhance the selectivity of the extraction. Although matrix components were still present after extraction, no interference of these compounds with the analyte was observed. However, the bleeding of the imprint from the polymer (brombuterol) caused significant ion suppression.
Optical thin films grown by surface chemical reaction for high-power lasers (2001)

We developed a novel coating method using chemical reactions of gaseous reactants on a surface. A self-limiting nature of surface chemical reactions allows precisely controlled growth of films with high uniformity and controllability of thickness over large area. The nonuniformity of thickness distribution was under 1% over 240 mm in diameter. The film thickness had proportional relationship with a number of chemical reactions. TiO<SUB>2</SUB> films at growth temperature of 25 degree(s)C had a laser-induced damage threshold of 5 J/cm<SUP>2</SUP> for 1-ns, 1.06-micrometers laser pulses. The laser damage resistance of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> films decreased at higher growth temperature. TiO<SUB>2</SUB> films grown at the high temperature had higher crystallinity. We clarified that the laser damages resulted from the local sites that absorbed the laser energy.
Sleep pulse pressure and awake mean pressure as independent predictors for stroke in older hypertensive patients (2004)

In older hypertensives, the impacts of PP and MBP on stroke risk are different during sleep and awake periods. Sleep PP and awake MBP are both predictors of stroke events independently of SCI.
Regulation of T-Cell Activation by Phosphodiesterase 4B2 Requires Its Dynamic Redistribution during Immunological Synapse Formation (2003)

Stimulation of T cells through their antigen receptors (TCRs) causes a transient increase in the intracellular concentration of cyclic AMP (cAMP). However, sustained high levels of cAMP inhibit T-cell responses, suggesting that TCR signaling is coordinated with the activation of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs). The molecular basis of such a pathway is unknown. Here we show that TCR-dependent signaling activates PDE4B2 and that this enhances interleukin-2 production. Such an effect requires the regulatory N terminus of PDE4B2 and correlates with partitioning within lipid rafts, early targeting of this PDE to the immunological synapse, and subsequent accumulation in the antipodal pole of the T cell as activation proceeds.
An <i>O</i> ( <i>n</i> <sup>3</sup> log <i>n</i> ) deterministic and an <i>O</i> ( <i>n</i> <sup>3</sup> ) Las Vegs isomorphism test for trivalent graphs (1987)

This paper describes an O ( n 3 log n ) deterministic algorithm and an O ( n 3 ) Las Vegas algorithm for testing whether two given trivalent graphs on n vertices are isomorphic. In fact, the algorithms construct the set of all isomorphisms between two such graphs, presenting, in particular, generators for the group of all automorphisms of a trivalent graph. The algorithms are based upon the original polynomial-time solution to these problems by Luks but they introduce numerous speedups. These include improved permutation-group algorithms that exploit the structure of the underlying 2-groups. A remarkable property of the Las Vegas algorithm is that it computes the set of all isomorphisms between two trivalent graphs for the cost of computing only those isomorphisms that map a specified edge to a specified edge.
Domestic and regional satellite systems (1990)

The technical characteristics of domestic and regional satellite systems are discussed. Spacecraft technology is reviewed, communication payload technology developments are discussed, and resources and economics are considered. It is seen that, compared to the installation of terrestrial microwave or optical cable networks in remote and harsh areas, satellite systems offer both lower costs and shorter time to bring on line. Proven technology and mature hardware is available for regions where orbit/spectrum space is still plentiful. As in North America, the sequence of growth is likely to be C-band and then K-band. Corresponding earth station advances in efficient modulation techniques and time-division multiple access will increase the capacity per transponder channel, while frequency and spatial reuse will provide more channels per satellite.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Testing the left-right symmetric model at linear collider (1997)

We review possible tests of the left-right electroweak model at future linear colliders, concentrating on signatures of the central predictions of the model, i.e. right-handed currents, massive neutrinos and triplet Higgs bosons. We analyse processes in e+e-, e-e- and e-γcollision modes. We present the mass reaches for the new particles at linear collider and sensitivities to their couplings.
Osteotomies in Patello-Femoral Instabilities (2007)

Patellar instability is defined by clinical and radiologic criteria. The surgical treatment is aimed at restoring the congruence of the patellofemoral articulation and correcting extensor mechanism malalignment, to prevent recurrence of dislocation. The standard soft-tissue procedures are lateral release and vastus medialis advancement and medial patello femoral ligament plasty. Bony procedures are frequently performed in addition to soft-tissue surgery, to realign the extensor mechanism by means of tibial tubercle medialization, or to correct the patellar index in patella alta. In a smaller number of patients, the trochlea may be reshaped, by elevating the lateral trochlear facet or by lowering the floor of the sulcus. The morphologic abnormalities encountered are studied and quantified in the light of preoperative investigations (conventional radiographs and computed tomography), and addressed at surgery using the technique or techniques most appropriate for the management of the individual patient's pattern.
Body Fluid Volume Regulation in Health and Disease: A Unifying Hypothesis (1990)

In studies in experimental animals and in edematous patients, the nonosmotic release of vasopressin has been found to be consistently associated with activation of the sympathetic nervous and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone systems. Moreover, the sympathetic nervous system is known to modulate the nonosmotic release of vasopressin and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. These findings led to our proposal that body fluid volume regulation involves dynamic interaction between cardiac output and peripheral arterial resistance. In this context, neither total extracellular fluid volume nor total blood volume are determinants of renal sodium and water excretion. With a decrease in effective arterial blood volume (EABV) initiated by either decreased cardiac output or peripheral arterial vasodilation, the acute response involves vasoconstriction mediated by angiotensin, sympathetic mediators, and vasopressin. The renal vasoconstriction, which accompanies either decreased cardiac output or peripheral arterial vasodilation, causes a decreased distal tubular delivery of sodium and water, thus maximizing the water-retaining effect of vasopressin and impairing normal escape from the sodium-retaining effect of aldosterone. The elevated glomerular filtration rate and filtered sodium load seen in pregnant women allow increased distal sodium and water delivery despite a decrease in EABV, thus limiting edema formation during gestation.
Some Aspects of the Chemistry of Tin Sensitizing Solutions (1972)

In the electroless plating of dielectric substrates, sensitization and activation pretreatments are used to provide catalytic sites. The presence of the catalytic sites provides a path for the initiation of the electroless plating process.Based upon findings in this laboratory, a new sensitizing composition containing tin(II) and tin (IV) compounds was developed. This sensitizer was found to be particularly useful in the case of hydrophobic surfaces, and has resulted in good uniformity of metallic coverage on hydrophobic surfaces. In preparing the final sensitizer composition, the use of aged stannic chloride solution was responsible for the improved performance. The present investigation reveals the various chemical changes taking place during the aging of stannic chloride solution. Based upon the current findings, it is believed that during the agingprocess, a slow formation of a β‐stannic acid takes place. This material is a polymericform, which causes a light scattering effect to take place. It is the presence of β‐stannic acid and its interaction with tin (II) that accounts for the improvement in sensitizer performance.
Changes in surface hydrophobicity of fish actomyosins induced by urea. (1989)

In order to elucidate the mechanisms involved in actomyosin denaturation induced by urea, changes in surface hydrophobicity were examined using sodium 8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonate as a fluorescent dye. With increase of urea concentration up to 2M, white-fleshed fish actomyosins showed a marked increase of hydrophobicity. Red-fleshed fish and elasmobranch actomyosins exhibited a less increase, whereas avian and mammalian actomyosins did not at all. The urea-induced hydrophobicity increase was to some extent suppressed by sucrose.Based on these results, it was concluded that the intramolecular hydrophobic interaction in actomyosin is most weak with the white-fleshed fish, followed by red-fleshed and elasmobranch fish, and warm-blooded animal.
Inhibition of growth and cysteine proteinase activity of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> V8 by phosphorylated cystatin α in skin cornified envelope (1994)

The activity of a cysteine proteinase purified from Staphylococcus aureus V8 (SAV8) was inhibited by phosphorylated cystatin alpha (P-cystatin alpha) and by purified cornified envelope protein of newborn rat, a conjugated form of P-cystatin alpha. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated a marked decrease in P-cystatin alpha content in cornified envelope treated with sphingosine. The inhibition of papain activity by proteins from sphingosine-treated skin was much weaker than that exerted by proteins from the untreated skin. The suppression of SAV8 colony formation inoculated on the sphingosine-treated skin was examined. Colony formation on the sphingosine-treated skin was enhanced compared to that on normal skin. These findings suggest that P-cystatin alpha in the cornified envelope may have a bacteriostatic barrier function against bacterial infection, such as that with SAV8.
Mixed Effects Models for Recurrent Events Data with Partially Observed Time-Varying Covariates: Ecological Momentary Assessment of Smoking (2015)

Cigarette smoking is a prototypical example of a recurrent event. The pattern of recurrent smoking events may depend on time-varying covariates including mood and environmental variables. Fixed effects and frailty models for recurrent events data assume that smokers have a common association with time-varying covariates. We develop a mixed effects version of a recurrent events model that may be used to describe variation among smokers in how they respond to those covariates, potentially leading to the development of individual-based smoking cessation therapies. Our method extends the modified EM algorithm of Steele (1996) for generalized mixed models to recurrent events data with partially observed time-varying covariates. It is offered as an alternative to the method of Rizopoulos, Verbeke, and Lesaffre (2009) who extended Steele's (1996) algorithm to a joint-model for the recurrent events data and time-varying covariates. Our approach does not require a model for the time-varying covariates, but instead assumes that the time-varying covariates are sampled according to a Poisson point process with known intensity. Our methods are well suited to data collected using Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA), a method of data collection widely used in the behavioral sciences to collect data on emotional state and recurrent events in the every-day environments of study subjects using electronic devices such as Personal Digital Assistants (PDA) or smart phones.
Supplementary Figure 5 from To “Grow” or “Go”: TMEM16A Expression as a Switch between Tumor Growth and Metastasis in SCCHN (2023)

<p>PDF file - 3718K, TMEM16A shRNA resistant DNA can rescue the expression from the stable shRNA knockdown.</p>
Phytoremediation of Soil and Water Contaminants (1997)

Phytoremediation is the use of green plant-based systems to remediate contaminated soils, sediments, and water. Relative to many traditional remediation engineering techniques, phytoremediation is a fledgling technology intended to address a wide variety of surficial contaminants. Phytoremediation targets currently include contaminating metals, metalloids, petroleum hydrocarbons, pesticides, explosives, chlorinated solvents, and industrial by- products. The primary market driver for continued research in this area is the significant cost reduction these systems appear to afford. Phytoremediation, however has inherent limitations in that plants are living organisms with specific oxygen, water, nutrient and pH limits that must be maintained. In addition, significant depth, concentration, and time frame limitations also apply. Despite these limitations, many forms of phytoremediation have emerged from the laboratories and are currently in practice. Commercial phytoremediation systems for clean up of shallow aquifers and water born contaminants are now in place. Field tests for the phytoextraction of metals from contaminated soils are underway as well as advanced stabilization trials. For the most part, the current practices are technically sound, but far from optimized. Field tests have generally been met by good regulatory and public acceptance, yet improvements and extensions can and will be made on many of them. The biological resource for phytoremediation remains largely untapped. Bringing multi-disciplinary teams consisting ofbiologists, chemists, engineers, as well as lawyers, accountants, and public advocates should continue to yield additional solutions and possibilities for continued application of phytoremediation.