gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adaptive compensation of nonlinear loads in power systems (2002)

The objective of this work is to accommodate the effects of the harmonic signals in power distribution systems. Adaptive output predictors are used to estimate the future values of the load currents based on a finite-memory of past input-output values. The unknown time varying magnitudes and phase angles of harmonics are modeled as the adaptively estimated parameters. Having the predicted load current available in advance, its harmonic content can be identified and the compensation can be done at the correct time with minimum amount of mismatch between the load current and the compensated current. Because of the nonlinear nature of the loads, the harmonics vary continuously. Therefore, the future values of the load current are obtained using adaptive prediction with a specified number of time steps ahead that will be sufficient to carry out the needed compensation. Results of simulation with one, two, and three step ahead predictions are presented.
ChemInform Abstract: LINEAR CODIMERIZATION OF ISOPRENE WITH METHYL ACRYLATE (1976)

Abstract Die Codimerisierung von Isopren (I) mit äquimolaren Mengen von Methylacrylat (II) in Gegenwart von Co‐acetylacetonat, Triphenyl‐Sb und Triäthyl‐Al (Molverhältnis Co‐Komplex; Modifikator: Reduktionsmittel 1:1:4) in Benzol bei 40°C liefert ein Gemisch des cis‐Diens (III) mit dem trans‐Isomeren (IV) und geringen Mengen des cyclischen Codirneren (V).
Acute effects of exercise on MR imaging of skeletal muscle: concentric vs eccentric actions. (1991)

Eccentric (lengthening) muscle actions involve the forced lengthening of active muscles. Compared with concentric (shortening) muscle actions subjected to the same relative work load, eccentric actions have lower oxygen consumption requirements, fewer activated motor units, and less lactate production. This study was conducted to determine if T2-weighted MR could show any difference in muscles performing these specific types of actions and, therefore, be useful for physiologic investigations of eccentric and concentric actions. Five subjects performed exhaustive exercise by doing isolated concentric actions (raising a dumbbell, flexing at the elbow) and eccentric muscle actions (lowering a dumbbell, extending the contralateral arm). T2-weighted MR images of the arms were obtained immediately before and after exercise. Muscles that performed concentric actions had increases in signal intensity, whereas muscles that performed eccentric actions showed little or no change. T2 relaxation times increased significantly (p less than .01) in all volunteers, but T2 relaxation times for the muscles that performed concentric actions were significantly higher than those for muscles that performed eccentric actions (p less than .01). Therefore, T2 times increased with both concentric and eccentric actions, but the images failed to show the changes in the muscles that performed the eccentric actions. These data demonstrate that assessment of T2 values can be used to distinguish between muscles that perform concentric actions and those that perform eccentric actions, and this phenomenon may be useful for further physiologic investigations of these specific types of muscle actions.
Effects of Experimentally Produced Heart Failure on the Peripheral Vascular Response to Severe Exercise in Conscious Dogs (1972)

The peripheral vascular response to severe exercise in eight dogs with heart failure produced by tricuspid avulsion and progressive pulmonary stenosis was compared to the response determined in eight control dogs. After full recovery from implantation of Doppler flow probes and miniature pressure gauges, measurements of arterial blood pressure and blood flow were telemetered from untethered dogs running behind a mobile recording vehicle at speeds of 10-25 mph over distances averaging 1 mile. Severe exercise in control dogs increased heart rate from 78 to 281 beats/min and mean arterial blood pressure from 93 to 134 mm Hg. Iliac blood flow rose from 151 to 897 ml/min, but mesenteric and renal blood flows did not change significantly. Iliac vascular resistance decreased from 0.64 to 0.15 mm Hg/ml min -1 , but mesenteric vascular resistance increased from 0.31 to 0.47 mm Hg/ml min -1 and renal vascular resistance increased from 0.49 to 0.75 mm Hg/ml min -1 . Severe exercise in dogs with heart failure increased heart rate from 102 to 274 beats/min, but mean arterial blood pressure only increased from 100 to 107 mm Hg. Iliac blood flow rose from 96 to 360 ml/min, whereas mesenteric blood flow decreased from 237 to 89 ml/min and renal blood flow decreased from 226 to 79 ml/min. Iliac vascular resistance decreased from 1.09 to 0.34 mm Hg/ml min -1 , but mesenteric vascular resistance increased from 0.49 to 1.31 mm Hg/ml min -1 and renal vascular resistance increased from 0.47 to 1.81 mm Hg/ml min -1 . Thus, in heart failure a distinctly abnormal peripheral vascular response to severe exercise occurs, characterized by a very small elevation in mean arterial blood pressure and intense visceral vasoconstriction resulting in diversion of visceral blood flows.
<title>Surface and defect analysis using spatial light modulators</title> (2000)

Current trends in optical defect detection and surface analysis using spatial light modulators are discussed. Examples for microscopic as well as macroscopic measurements in two and three dimensions are shown. Results for adaptive fringe projection in combination with moire, for adaptive illumination for two-dimensional image processing, and for the detection of defects in periodic media will be presented. We also report on improved correlation methods for position detection.
Influence of absorption and scattering on the quantification of fluorescence diffuse optical tomography using normalized data (2012)

Reconstruction algorithms for imaging fluorescence in near infrared ranges usually normalize fluorescence light with respect to excitation light. Using this approach, we investigated the influence of absorption and scattering heterogeneities on quantification accuracy when assuming a homogeneous model and explored possible reconstruction improvements by using a heterogeneous model. To do so, we created several computer-simulated phantoms: a homogeneous slab phantom (P1), slab phantoms including a region with a two- to six-fold increase in scattering (P2) and in absorption (P3), and an atlas-based mouse phantom that modeled different liver and lung scattering (P4). For P1, reconstruction with the wrong optical properties yielded quantification errors that increased almost linearly with the scattering coefficient while they were mostly negligible regarding the absorption coefficient. This observation agreed with the theoretical results. Taking the quantification of a homogeneous phantom as a reference, relative quantification errors obtained when wrongly assuming homogeneous media were in the range +41 to +94% (P2), 0.1 to -7% (P3), and -39 to +44% (P4). Using a heterogeneous model, the overall error ranged from -7 to 7%. In conclusion, this work demonstrates that assuming homogeneous media leads to noticeable quantification errors that can be improved by adopting heterogeneous models.
A Novel Synthesis of 1,5-Dithio-β-D-xylopyranosides (1997)

Abstract In order to obtain 1,5-dithio-b-D-xylopyranosides, with this precise stereochemistry we have described here the synthesis and use of 2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-1,5-dithio-b-D-xylopyranose.
Using inductive learning to generate rules for semantic query optimization (1996)

Semantic query optimization can dramatically speed up database query answering byknowledge intensive reformulation. But the problem of how to learn the required semantic rules has not been previously solved. This chapter presents a learning approach to solving this problem. In our approach, the learning is triggered by user queries. Then the system uses an inductive learning algorithm to generate semantic rules. This inductive learning algorithm can automatically select useful join paths and attributes to construct rules from a database with many relations. The learned semantic rules are effective for optimization because they will match query patterns and reflect data regularities. Experimental results show that this approach learns sufficient rules for optimization that produces a substantial cost reduction.
Sport Equipment (2005)

Gain an appreciation and understanding of the role and function of adapted equipment within the sport and physical activity contextEquipment Enhances FunctionPersonal EquipmentActivity-Specific EquipmentEnvironmental TechnologiesMaking Sport Technology “Fit”Resources for Finding the Right EquipmentM
Catalytic Hydrogenation of Pyridinols, Quinolinols and their Esters (1944)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCatalytic Hydrogenation of Pyridinols, Quinolinols and their EstersChester J. Cavallito and Theodore H. HaskellCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1944, 66, 7, 1166–1171Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1944Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1944https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01235a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01235a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views593Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Operation of a Digital Seismic Network on Mount St. Helens Volcano and observations of long period seismic events that originate under the volcano (1982)

During 1981 we operated, with the cooperation of the U.S. Geological Survey, a 9 station digital seismic array on Mount St. Helens volcano in Washington State. One of our stations was placed inside the crater of the volcano, six were located on the flanks of the volcano within two km of the crater and two were approximately ten km from the crater. Four of the instruments recorded three components of motion and the remaining five recorded only the vertical component. In addition to the monitoring and recording performed by the digital instruments, we carried out a one day experiment during which we complimented our crater monitoring seismometer by the addition of two ink recording instruments. During the one day experiment we had six observers, including 4 USGS scientists who had significant experience working and making observations in the crater, recording times of rockfall, felt earthquake occurrences and changes in steam emissions from the dome in the crater. Using information obtained during the one day experiment we are able to classify seismic events recorded by our digital instruments as earthquakes, rockfalls, helicopter noise and a type of event that is unique to volcanoes which we call long period. Waveforms of these long period events have a duration of up to 30 seconds and a spectrum that is peaked at approximately 2 Hz. The frequency at which the peak in the spectrum occurs is nearly the same at all stations which means that the unique waveform of long period events is due to a source effect, not a path effect. The peak frequency is fairly insensitive to the amplitude of the signal which means that the size of the source region is constant, independent of the signal amplitude. Long period events were not felt and were accompanied by no visible changes inside the crater which lead us to conclude that they are some sort of seismic disturbance generated inside the volcano.
Dual Effects of Extracellular Adherence Protein from<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (2005)

Extracellular adherence protein (Eap) has been suggested as an important virulence factor of Staphylococcus aureus because it enhances bacterial adherence and internalization into eukaryotic cells, interference with T cells, and neutrophil adherence to endothelial cells. We demonstrate that Eap has dual effects on peripheral blood mononuclear cells, depending on its concentration. At low concentrations (up to 9 microg/mL), Eap induces a proliferative response; at higher concentrations, it causes a significant inhibition of T cell proliferation induced by S. aureus supernatants toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 or phytohemagglutinin. A marked increase in apoptotic (i.e., Annexin V and propidium iodide positive) T and B cells could be demonstrated after exposure to the inhibitory concentration of Eap. Human anti-Eap antibodies prepared from polyspecific immunoglobulin G (IgG) blocked the immunomodulatory effects of Eap. Our results demonstrate novel immunomodulatory activities of Eap and identify potential mechanisms of action of intravenous IgG therapy in the treatment of S. aureus infections.
Anisotropic Polarizability of Ultracold Polar<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">K</mml:mi><mml:mprescripts/><mml:none/><mml:mn>40</mml:mn></mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mi>Rb</mml:mi><mml:mprescripts/><mml:none/><mml:mn>87</mml:mn></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:math>Molecules (2012)

We report the measurement of the anisotropic ac polarizability of ultracold polar (40)K(87)Rb molecules in the ground and first rotationally excited states. Theoretical analysis of the polarizability agrees well with experimental findings. Although the polarizability can vary by more than 30%, a "magic" angle between the laser polarization and the quantization axis is found where the polarizability of the |N=0,m(N)=0> and the |N=1,m(N)=0> states match. At this angle, rotational decoherence due to the mismatch in trapping potentials is eliminated, and we observe a sharp increase in the coherence time. This paves the way for precise spectroscopic measurements and coherent manipulations of rotational states as a tool in the creation and probing of novel quantum many-body states of polar molecules.
Regulation of the cloned L‐type cardiac calcium channel by cyclic‐AMP‐dependent protein kinase (1994)

Hormones can regulate cardiac L-type Ca2+ channels via cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) phosphorylation. However, regulation of the cloned L-type Ca2+ channel has been difficult to demonstrate conclusively. We stably transfected a human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) cell with the cardiac alpha 1 and beta 2 subunits, then examined PKA modulation of the Ca2+ current. Although forskolin did not increase basal Ca2+ current, the PKA inhibitors, H-89 and Rp-cAMPS, could inhibit basal current. We reversed H-89 inhibition with either forskolin or okadaic acid. We conclude that the channel was phosphorylated under basal conditions, and that inhibition of PKA allowed dephosphorylation. These studies demonstrate that reversible PKA regulation of cloned Ca2+ channels can be studied in HEK-293 cells.
Cleft Palate and Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome (2005)

The treatment of patients with cleft palate and Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome remains complex. It is preferable not to operate on a cleft palate before performing a tongue reduction plasty, but rather to combine these two surgical interventions. This would reduce the risks of anesthesia and enable the palate to heal more efficiently. Surgical treatment should be performed after the age of 6 months and before problems in speech development occur. An orthognathic surgery at adolescence could be performed if prognathism persists. While the origin of the cleft palate is still being discussed, we cannot claim that macroglossia is related to the development of cleft palate, nor that the scarred palate has an impact on the mandibular development.
Impact of dynamic loads on propulsion integration (1994)

Aircraft dynamic loads produced by engine exhaust plumes are examined for a class of military fighter and bomber configurations in model and full scale. The configurations examined are associated with the USAF F-15 and B-1B aircraft, and the US F-18 HARV and ASTOVL programs. The experience gained as a result of these studies is used to formulate a level of understanding concerning this phenomena that could be useful at the preliminary stage of propulsion/airframe design.
The influence of convection and thermal diffusion on halogen separation in vertical burning linear tungsten-halogen lamps (1971)

Theoretical and experimental results are presented which go some way to resolving the problem of halogen separation in tungsten-halogen lamps. The classic work of Jones, Furry and Onsager on isotope separation in the Clusius and Dickel column is applied directly to this area of research. Results indicate a clear qualitative agreement between theory and experiment, showing that a forbidden pressure range exists in which the lamps will be subject to separation of the halogen and inert gas filling.
Direct Evidence of the Shear-Induced Structure of Wormlike Micelles:  Gemini Surfactant 12−2−12 (1997)

The direct observation of a shear-induced structure in dilute/semidilute giant micellar solutions in water is reported. At rest, the micelles are randomly oriented and the zero-shear viscosity is concentration dependent and varies between 10-3 and 10-2 Pa s. Under shear, the solutions have no measurable anisotropy as long as the applied shear rate is less than a critical value determined from optical birefringence and electric conductivity measurements. Above this “critical shear rate”, the viscosity increases, and the solution becomes strongly anisotropic. However, it was found that the “critical shear rate” depends strongly on the gap distance of the Couette cell, thus excluding the possibility of a phase transition at the critical shear rate. Cryo-transmission electron microscopy is used to show shear-induced aggregation of wormlike micelles. It is concluded that shear induces a phase separation between a surfactant rich and a surfactant poor phase at shear rates much lower than the critical value. Initially, the surfactant rich phase forms a network-like superstructure with domain sizes increasing with shear. A strong anisotropy due to the deformation of the network is observed when the domain size reaches the order of the gap size of the Couette. This phenomenon was observed for a large range of concentrations from far below up to several times above the overlap concentration φ*.
Non-Linear Corrosion Growth: A More Appropriate and Accurate Model for Predicting Corrosion Growth Rate (2016)

External metal-loss corrosion is one of the major contributing factors for pipeline failures in North America. Corrosion growth rate plays a crucial role in managing corrosion hazard for gas and liquid pipelines. Quantifying the growth of corrosion over time is critically important for the risk and reliability analysis of pipelines, planning for corrosion mitigation and repair, and determination of time intervals for corrosion inspections. Conservatism in predicting the growth rate has significant engineering implication as non-conservatism can lead to critical anomalies being missed by mitigation actions and may cause pipeline failure; whereas, over conservatism can lead to unnecessary inspections and anomaly mitigations that may result in significant unnecessary cost to pipeline operators. As more and more pipelines are now being inspected by in-line inspection (ILI) tools on a regular basis, the ILI data from multiple inspections provide valuable information about the growth of corrosion anomalies on the pipeline. Although the application of linear growth rate calculated by comparing depths from two successive ILI is a common practice in the pipeline industry, research has shown that the growth of corrosion anomaly is non-linear and anomaly-specific. The authors of this paper have previously developed anomaly-specific non-linear corrosion growth model based on multiple ILI data. The objectives of this paper are to demonstrate the appropriateness of anomaly-specific non-linear corrosion growth model, and to illustrate the advantages of using non-linear corrosion growth model in the integrity management program. Two case studies were performed to illustrate the application of non-linear growth model by incorporating the measurement errors associated with the ILI tools, which include both the bias (constant and non-constant) and random scattering error. The findings of these case studies are presented in this paper.
Personeelsbeleid in KMO’s: een onderzoek naar de kenmerken van een effectief KMO-personeelsbeleid. Cahier 6: Werknemersinvloed en participatie in KMO’s (2002)

Kleine en middelgrote ondernemingen zijn de laatste jaren een gegeerd studieobject gebleken. KMO’s danken die aandacht aan een geleidelijke herwaardering van het kleinschalig ondernemerschap. De groeiende aandacht straalt echter niet in gelijke mate op alle domeinen van het KMO-bedrijfsbeheer af. Onderzoek naar personeelsbeleid in of ‘op maat van’ KMO’s is schaars. Het VIONA-project Personeelsbeleid in KMO’s: een onderzoek naar de kenmerken van een effectief KMO-personeelsbeleid vult deze leemte op. Dit onderzoek verschaft inzicht in de wijze waarop het personeelsbeleid vandaag vorm krijgt in de Vlaamse KMO’s (10-99 werknemers). Hoe worden werving, selectie, opleiding, loopbaanbeleid, taakontwerp, beloning, inspraak, enz. georganiseerd in KMO’s? Zijn er verschillen tussen bepaalde types KMO’s? Hoe staan KMO’s tegenover het overheidsbeleid? Tevens werd in dit project uitgebreid aandacht besteed aan de effecten van het gevoerde personeelsmanagement. Hierbij is o.a. onderzocht of de wijze waarop KMO’s het personeelsbeleid vorm geven, gerelateerd kan worden aan verschillen in termen van bedrijfsperformantie. De resultaten van dit onderzoek vonden hun weerslag in een reeks van negen cahiers.
Nano-scale energetic films by superfluid helium droplet assembly (2014)

The helium droplet technique has been utilized to study a wide range of topics in chemical physics such as atomic scale manifestations of superfluidity, chemistry at ultra-low temperatures, and the assembly of exotic Van der Waals complexes. Our efforts have transitioned the helium droplet methodology from a cryogenic nano-scale matrix to a film deposition technique capable of creating nano-structured films of composite metal-based energetic materials (EM). Such materials are ideal candidates to study propagation of reactions at small scale, and could be alternatives to organic based EM due to their higher energy densities. The helium droplet methodology may also provide a solution overcoming issues of reaction-limiting effects such as the formation of oxide layers by exploiting 'magic-number' cluster sizes and core-shell cluster mechanisms. This proceeding describes our previously reported efforts to model and characterize the deposition of magnesium clusters by superfluid helium droplet assembly, our efforts to produce magnesium-Fomblin core-shell EM cluster-based films, and our early attempts at making intermetallic cluster-based films.