gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multistage SPIT detection in transit VoIP (2011)

Spam in telephony refers to unsolicited, automatically dialed, pre-recorded phone calls often used for marketing or phishing. Spam in telephony can affect the productivity of human beings and deprive legitimate users of phone network resources. Spam over Internet Telephony (SPIT) is a challenge and can become a major threat when telephony completely shifts to VoIP. Email anti-Spam techniques are typically not applicable to SPIT detection: SPIT detection needs to be near real-time; call content is not available for processing before the call is established; there are only a small number of features available for examination; and signaling messages of spammer and non-spammer are similar. SPIT detection in transit VoIP operator is a non-trivial task because of the high call volume and the unavailability of direct interaction with a caller or a callee. In this paper we present a multistage SPIT detection framework that addresses these issues. Our framework blocks SPIT based on the social relationships and statistical features of the caller. The framework consists of three modules: a blacklist, a statistical module, and a trust module. For achieving better results and resource optimization, we provide feedback on where these modules should be placed in the transit network. Our experimental results show that the detection response time increases slightly after system deployment, but this increase is not noticeable to the callers. Besides SPIT detection the framework can also detect flooding, vishing and number scan attacks.
Lane line recognition algorithm based on super-pixel and anisotropic diffusion (2015)

In order to obtain more ideal recognition effect of the lane and ensure the driving safety of vehicles,this paper proposes a lane line recognition algorithm based on super-pixel and anisotropic diffusion.Firstly,interest region of lane recognition is extracted from the lane lines image,and then the watershed segmentation algorithm is used to extract super pixels from interest region,and the anisotropic diffusion algorithm is used to further improve segmentation accurate of the lane line,finally the simulation experiment is used to test its performance.The experimental results prove that the proposed algorithm improves the accuracy of lane recognition,speed up the lane recognition speed,and can meet the real-time lane detection and has good robustness.
Extent of the DNA sequence required in integration of staphylococcal bacteriophage L54a (1989)

We characterized the minimum length of the DNA sequence of the attachment sites involved in the integrative recombination of staphylococcal bacteriophage L54a. A DNA fragment carrying the functional viral attachment site (attP) or the bacterial attachment site (attB) was sequentially trimmed, recloned, and tested for integrative recombination in vivo. The size of the functional attP site was at least 228 base pairs (bp) but no more than 235 bp. The left endpoint of the attP site was located to between positions -142 and -140, whereas the right endpoint was located to between positions +86 and +93 with respect to the center of the core sequence. The attB site was located to within a 27-bp sequence, from position -15 to +12, which included the 18-bp core sequence.
Report of the Committee on Procedures and Agenda (1970)

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Physical, chemical, and geotechnical properties of coal fly ash: A global review (2019)

In 2015, fly ash utilization rates were 70% for China, 62% for India, and 50% for the US. This leaves substantial potential for increased utilization. This article summarizes available literature concerning physical and chemical and geotechnical properties of fly ash which affect its options for re-use. Fly ashes are broadly classified worldwide into two chemical types for their industrial applications, mostly in cement industries, namely class C and class F. Class C fly ash, with its higher levels of calcium oxide, generally has self-cementing properties. In terms of global fly ash composition, fly ash from India on average contains higher levels of silicon dioxide than that from the US and China. In terms of particle size, studies report that fly ash more often is poorly graded than well-graded; fly ash from India in particular tends to be poorly graded. Optimum moisture content (OMC) values for fly ashes vary from 11 to 53%, and maximum dry density values range from 1.01 to 1.78 g/cm3. Country-specific trends in terms of fly ash OMC and maximum dry density values are not readily apparent. Fly ash tends to be non-plastic, meaning it will not swell if used as a foundation material for structures. Reported fly ash shrinkage limits range from 38 to 65. Permeability of pure fly ash generally varies from 10−4 to 10-7 cm/sec, and angle of friction varies from 25° to 40°. Keywords: Fly ash, Geotechnical, Chemical, Physical, Coal combustion byproducts, Coal combustion residuals
The Market Value of Debt, Market versus Book Value of Debt, and Returns to Assets (1997)

Empirical studies usually measure the value of debt based on book rather than market value, even though the underlying theory is almost always based on market values. This paper documents how using book value to measure debt can distoret debt-equity rations and cost of capital calculations.
A recontextualização por hibridismo na prática pedagógica da disciplina Ciências (2009)

This text presents an analysis of recontextualization through hybridism of the Science school subject, produced in the pedagogic work of a Primary School of the public education system of Rio de Janeiro municipality. The concept of recontextualization through hybridism, as presented by Alice Lopes – based on studies by Bernstein and Ball – was of great value for supporting the observational analysis of the teaching work. In that context, there were very clear differences in teacher practices and conceptions, distinguished as a mixture of traditional conceptions of the teaching activity with the search for new methodologies and the use of resources of new technologies. In that situation, a hybridism emerged which contained solutions the Science teachers found to comply with the complex and contradictory guidance issued by the Municipal Education Department and, also, to act according to their own conceptions about Science teaching and their professional habitus
Mechanics of Elastic Performance of Textile Materials (1950)

The study of the influence of textile geometry upon textile structure performance is extended to staple-fiber yarns. Methods previously developed for continuous-filament yarns [6] are applied to determine the theoretical dependency of staple-yarn tensile characteristics upon the stress dis tribution, and modifications thereof introduced by yarn twist, size, staple length, and inherent fiber properties. Both one-time loading to rupture and repeated-stress properties of acetate rayon and cotton yarns of various geometries are considered, and comparisons are made between experi mental and theoretical data.
The effect of whole body hyperthermia on 5-fluorouracil pharmacokinetics in vivo and clonogenicity of mammalian colon cancer cells. (1984)

In a non-randomized pilot study, 10 patients with histological proof of metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma were treated by hyperthermia/chemotherapy protocol (41,8 degrees C and 1000 mg 5-FU). Plasma levels of 5-FU were determined after single dose at normothermia and hyperthermia. Plasma concentration time course was consistent with a two-compartment pharmacokinetic open model, with first order kinetic and was significantly altered by hyperthermic treatment. Cytotoxicity of 5-FU was substantially enhanced at hyperthermia (41.8 degrees C) as judged from the clonogenic surviving fractions from established human colon cancer cell lines. Our in vitro and in vivo results suggest that whole body hyperthermia combined with 5-FU is an active combination to develop further in the treatment of colorectal carcinomas.
Indexing hypertext documents in context (1991)

To generate intelligent indexing that allows context-sensitive information retrieval, a system must be able to acquire knowledge directly through interaction with users. In this paper, we present the architecture for CID (Computer Integrated Documentation), a system that enables integration of various technical documents in a hypertext framework and includes an intelligent browsing system that incorporates indexing in context. CID's knowledge-based indexing mechanism allows case-based knowledge acquisition by experimentation. It utilizes on-line user information requirements and suggestions either to reinforce current indexing in case of success or to generate new knowledge in case of failure. This allows CID's intelligent interface system to provide helpful responses, even when no a priori user model is available. Our system in fact learns how to exploit a user model based on experience (from user feedback). We describe CID's current capabilities and provide an overview of our plans for extending the system.
BOOTES-5 INFORMARÁ SOBRE EL PASADO DEL UNIVERSO. INICIÓ OPERACIONES (2015)

SAN PEDRO MARTIR, BC.- DETECTAR DESDE LA TIERRA DURANTE LAS 24 HORAS DEL DIA DESTELLOS DE RAYOS GAMMA, LOS MAS ENERGETICOS DEL UNIVERSO GENERADOS POR LA MUERTE DE ESTRELLAS, REQUIERE MIRADAS TECNOLOGICAS UBICADAS EN DIVERSAS ZONAS DEL PLANETA. PARA FORMAR UNA RED DE TELESCOPIOS ROBOTICOS QUE CAPTEN EN EL ESPECTRO VISI­BLE ESOS ESTALLIDOS GIGANTESCOS OCURRIDOS A ENORMES DISTANCIAS, EL INSTITUTO DE ASTROFISICA DE ANDALUCIA (IAA), CON APOYO DEL CONSEJO SUPERIOR DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTIFICAS, AMBOS DE ESPANA, ENCABEZA UNA INICIATIVA QUE LOS HA TRAIDO AL OBSER­VATORIO ASTRONOMICO NACIONAL (OAN), A CARGO DEL INSTITUTO DE ASTRONOMIA (IA), PARA INSTALAR JUNTO CON ESTA CASA DE ES­TUDIOS UN QUINTO EQUIPO. EN EL ESFUERZO TAMBIEN PARTICIPA LA UNIVERSIDAD SUN­GKYUNKWAN DE COREA DEL SUR. SE LLAMA BOOTES-5 Y LO ANTECEDEN DOS TELESCOPIOS SEMEJANTES COLOCADOS EN ESPANA, UNO EN CHINA Y OTRO EN NUEVA ZELANDA. CON EL INAUGURADO EN MEXICO, SE COMPLETA EL PERIPLO DE LA RED ROBOTICA EN EL HEMISFERIO NORTE DEL PLANETA, QUE CRECERA CON FUTUROS INSTRUMENTOS EN SUDAFRICA Y CHILE PARA AMPLIARLA AL HE­MISFERIO SUR. EN ESTA INVERSION COMPARTIDA, ESPA­NA HA PUESTO EL EQUIPO Y NUESTRO PAIS LA INSTALACION Y EL SITIO DE OBSERVACION, UNO DE LOS MAS PRIVILEGIADOS DEL MUNDO PARA ESTUDIAR ESTE TIPO DE EVENTOS. BOOTES ES EL ACRONIMO EN INGLES DE OB­SERVATORIO DE ESTALLIDOS Y SISTEMA DE EXPLORACION DE FUENTES ESPORADICAS OPTI­CAS (BURST OBSERVER AND OPTICAL TRANSIENT EXPLORER SYSTEM) Y TOMA TAMBIEN SU NOM­BRE DE LA CONSTELACION BOOTES O EL BOYERO . SE TRATA DE UN INSTRUMENTO DE 60 CENTIMETROS DE DIAMETRO EN EL ESPEJO, QUE DETECTA LA CONTRAPARTE EN LUZ VISIBLE DE LOS ESTALLIDOS DE RAYOS GAMMA, QUE CONTIENEN HUELLAS QUIMICAS DE LA FORMACION Y TRANSFORMACION ESTELAR, PUES AUMENTAN A SUS COMPONENTES ORIGINARIOS, HIDROGE­NO Y HELIO, MUCHOS ELEMENTOS QUIMICOS (CARBONO, NITROGENO, OXIGENO Y HIERRO, ENTRE OTROS) QUE SON EYECTADOS AL MEDIO INTERESTELAR CUANDO MUEREN LAS ESTRELLAS. LA RED AYUDARA A ANALIZAR LOS RAYOS GAMMA, QUE ACTUALMENTE SE CAPTAN ME­DIANTE SATELITES, Y ALGUNAS FUENTES DE ALTA ENERGIA. EL TELESCOPIO BOOTES-5 JAVIER GOROSA­BEL HONRA AL ASTRONOMO ESPANOL FALLECIDO ESTE ANO, CUYO TRABAJO HA SIDO RECONOCIDO EN EL MUNDO POR SUS CONTRIBUCIONES AL ESTUDIO DE ESOS RAYOS, SUS VARIANTES Y ORIGENES. EN LA INAUGURACION, WILLIAM LEE ALAR­DIN, DIRECTOR DEL IA, DESTACO QUE ESTE Y OTROS ACUERDOS INTERNACIONALES BUSCAN TRANSFORMAR AL OAN EN UN LABORATORIO INTERNACIONAL. ALBERTO CASTRO TIRADO, INVESTIGADOR DEL IAA Y RESPONSABLE DEL PROYECTO, RESALTO QUE SAN PEDRO MARTIR ES UN SITIO UNICO QUE CUMPLE CON LAS CON­DICIONES QUE LA RED REQUIERE PARA CAPTAR EMISIONES DE RAYOS GAMMA QUE DAN INFOR­MACION SOBRE EL PASADO DEL COSMOS. DAVID HIRIART, INVESTIGADOR DEL IA EN LA SEDE ENSENADA, ES EL RESPONSABLE DE LA INSTALACION POR PARTE DE LA UNAM.
A Case of AIDS Related Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (2005)

In an HIV-infected patient, cervical lymphadenopathy such as tubercuolosis, lymphoma, metastatic carcinoma must be differentiated from persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (PGL). Lymphoma is known as a late manifestation of HIV infection, generally occurring in patients with CD4+ T cell counts less than 200/microl. AIDS-related lymphomas were explained as variably associated with EBV infection, dysfunction of T cells, and HIV itself. The decision to perform a diagnostic open biopsy should be driven by a suspicion of malignancy or infection in the setting of a negative or inconclusive of FNA. Healthcare workers, especially those who deal with large numbers of HIV-infected patients, have a small but definite risk of becoming infected with HIV as a result of invasive procedures. Healthcare workers can minimize their risk of occupational HIV infection by following the guidelines discussed in this study
<title>Contour-model-guided nonlinear deformation model for intersubject image registration</title> (1997)

An automated method is proposed for anatomic standardization that can elastically map one subject's MRI image to a standard reference MRI image to enable inter-subject and cross-group studies. In this method, linear transformations based on bicommissural stereotaxy are first applied to grossly align the input image to the reference image. Then, generalized Hough transform is applied to find the candidate corresponding regions in the input image based on the contour information from the pre-segmented reference image. Next, an active contour model initialized with the result from the generalized Hough transform is employed to refine the contour description of the input image. Based on the contour correspondence established in the previous steps, a non-linear transformation is determined using the proposed weighted local reference coordinate systems to warp the input image. In this method, geometric correspondence established based on contour matching is used to control the warping and the actual image values corresponding to registered coordinates need not be similar. We tested this algorithm on various synthetic and real images for inter- subject registration of MR images.
Storytelling in Organizations (2000)

Myths, stories, and folklore are part of the fabric and life of all organizations, enabling us to understand, identify, and communicate the character of the organization — its ambitions, conflicts, and peculiarities. Drawing on extensive fieldwork of storytelling in five organizations, this book argues that stories open valuable windows into the emotional and symbolic lives of organizations. By collecting stories in different organizations, by listening and comparing different accounts, by investigating how narratives are constructed around specific events, by examining which events in an organization's history generate stories and which ones fail to do so, researchers can gain access to deeper organizational realities, closely linked to their members' experiences. In this way, stories enable researchers to study organizational politics, culture, and change in uniquely illuminating ways, revealing how wider organizational issues are viewed, commented upon, and worked upon by their members. The book's first part develops the theory of storytelling by building on various approaches, including narrative, folkloric, ethnographic, symbolic, social constructionist, and psychoanalytic, while the second offers a set of four studies which make use of stories in exploring particular aspects of organizational life.
Quantifying the tracking capability of space-based AIS systems (2015)

The Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (FFI) has operated three Automatic Identification System (AIS) receivers in space. Two are on dedicated nano-satellites, AISSat-1 and AISSat-2. The third, the NORAIS Receiver, was installed on the International Space Station. A general method for calculating the upper bound on the tracking capability of a space-based AIS system has been developed and the results from the algorithm applied to AISSat-1 and the NORAIS Receiver individually. In addition, a constellation of AISSat-1 and AISSat-2 is presented. The tracking capability is defined as the probability of re-detecting ships as they move around the globe and is explained to represent and upper bound on a space-based AIS system performance. AISSat-1 and AISSat-2 operates on the nominal AIS1 and AIS2 channels, while the NORAIS Receiver data used are from operations on the dedicated space AIS channels, AIS3 and AIS4. The improved tracking capability of operations on the space AIS channels is presented.
The Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP-1) Analogue, Exendin-4, Decreases the Rewarding Value of Food: A New Role for Mesolimbic GLP-1 Receptors (2012)

The glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) system is a recently established target for type 2 diabetes treatment. In addition to regulating glucose homeostasis, GLP-1 also reduces food intake. Previous studies demonstrate that the anorexigenic effects of GLP-1 can be mediated through hypothalamic and brainstem circuits which regulate homeostatic feeding. Here, we demonstrate an entirely novel neurobiological mechanism for GLP-1-induced anorexia in rats, involving direct effects of a GLP-1 agonist, Exendin-4 (EX4) on food reward that are exerted at the level of the mesolimbic reward system. We assessed the impact of peripheral, central, and intramesolimbic EX4 on two models of food reward: conditioned place preference (CPP) and progressive ratio operant-conditioning. Food-reward behavior was reduced in the CPP test by EX4, as rats no longer preferred an environment previously paired to chocolate pellets. EX4 also decreased motivated behavior for sucrose in a progressive ratio operant-conditioning paradigm when administered peripherally. We show that this effect is mediated centrally, via GLP-1 receptors (GLP-1Rs). GLP-1Rs are expressed in several key nodes of the mesolimbic reward system; however, their function remains unexplored. Thus we sought to determine the neurobiological substrates underlying the food-reward effect. We found that the EX4-mediated inhibition of food reward could be driven from two key mesolimbic structures-ventral tegmental area and nucleus accumbens-without inducing concurrent malaise or locomotor impairment. The current findings, that activation of central GLP-1Rs strikingly suppresses food reward/motivation by interacting with the mesolimbic system, indicate an entirely novel mechanism by which the GLP-1R stimulation affects feeding-oriented behavior.
Brood Measurement as a Valid Index to the Value of Honey Bees1 as Pollinators (1970)

The yield of pollen during a 20-day period was determined for 170 colonies of Apis mellifera L., and their brood was measured at the end of the period. The yield was found to be closely correlated with the amount of brood (r≍0.598). Maximum pollen yields were obtained from colonies with approximately 800 square inches of brood (sealed and unsealed). Colonies with more than this level of brood gathered no more pollen, while those below this level gathered significantly less pollen. It is concluded that brood area is a good index to the potential pollinating value of a colony. Brood measurement is a sound basis for grading colonies for use in pollination service.
Block copolymer molecular weight by GPC (1979)

Molecular weights of narrow distribution styrene–butadiene block copolymers were determined from combined GPC–intrinsic viscosity data using the universal calibration principle and from GPC data alone using the assumption of weighted average of log molecular weights suggested by Runyon et al. The results indicate that, experimentally for block copolymers in good GPC solvents, the simpler second method is more precise despite the objection on theoretical grounds raised by Ho-Duc and Prud'homme. The calibration curves of polystyrene and polybutadiene in THF were found to be parallel, and the ratio for the two molecular weights at equal elution volume was found to be 1.75, differing from the 2.0 value reported earlier.
Modified min-sum decoding algorithm for LDPC codes based on classified correction (2008)

In this paper, a modified min-sum decoding algorithm based on classified correction is proposed for low density parity check (LDPC) codes. Different from the single correction in the normalized belief propagation (BP)-based and offset BP-based algorithms [4], the proposed algorithm utilizes two corrections for both minimum and sub-minimum magnitudes of input messages in check nodes. These two correction factors can be obtained by analyzing the offset of updated messages in check nodes between the BP and the min-sum algorithms associated with check node degree. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can achieve performance very close to that of the BP algorithm. Furthermore, the FPGA implementation of this algorithm can reach a throughput of 200 Mbps at BER=10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-6</sup> with lower complexity and fewer resources than the BP algorithm.
Use of polymerase chain reaction to diagnose bovine leukemia virus infection in calves at birth (1993)

A specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was devised, allowing detection of 1 bovine leukemia virus (BLV)-infected cell in 10(4) bovine lymphocytes. The efficacy of field application of the developed method was verified by evaluating the rate of viral transmission to calves from infected cows, whether they have persistent lymphocytosis. With this objective, 43 calves were simultaneously tested at birth and at 6 months of age for viral antibodies in serum and for proviral DNA in lymphocytes. At birth, 36 calves were BLV-negative and 3 were BLV-positive by results of serologic and DNA-based assays. Conversely, results for 4 calves had lack of correlation between the diagnostic methods. In particular, 2 calves were DNA-positive and antibody-negative for BLV and 2 other calves had the opposite test results. At 6 months of age, when the immunologic pattern more closely reflects the status of calves' immune response, independent of maternal antibodies, all calves DNA-negative for BLV at birth (n = 38), were consistently PCR- and antibody-negative for BLV. On the contrary, the cattle DNA-positive for BLV at birth (n = 5), whether seropositive or not, were PCR- and antibody-positive for BLV, at the time of the second screening. Thus, these results indicate reliability of the PCR to diagnose perinatal BLV infection. Furthermore, the observation that all calves found to be infected at birth were born to BLV-positive cows with persistent lymphocytosis, indicates that the persistent lymphocytosis status of the cow may represent a factor associated with BLV infection in utero.