gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sequence homology of the Ca2+-dependent regulator of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase from rat testis with other Ca2+-binding proteins. (1978)

A Ca2+-dependent regulator protein of cyclic 3':5'-nucleotide phosphodiesterase (EC 3.1.4.17) has previously been isolated from rat testis and shown to be a heat-stable, Ca2+-binding protein with a molecular weight of approximately 17,000. The Ca2+-dependent regulator protein is also structurally similar to troponin-C, the Ca2+-binding component of muscle troponin and Ca2+ mediator of muscle contraction. The present report describes a partial amino acid sequence of the Ca2+-dependent regulator. The protein (148 amino acids) is 50% homologous with skeletal muscle troponin-C, but is 11 residues shorter than the muscle protein. The Ca2+-dependent regulator protein has an NH2-terminal sequence of acetyl-Ala-Asp-Glu, a COOH-terminal sequence of Thr-Ala-Lys and 1 residue of epsilon-trimethyllysine located at position 115. All of these properties are distinct from those of other homologous Ca2+-binding proteins. These properties may account for the biological specificities demonstrated by these proteins as compared to the Ca2+-dependent regulator protein. Based on the sequence and a comparison of the Ca2+-dependent regulator protein to other calcium-binding proteins, our data support the view that all of these moecules contain common sequences, especially at their proposed metal-binding sites.
In Vitro Evaluation of Linear Motor‐Driven Total Artificial Heart (1996)

This paper deals with the in vitro evaluation of a newly developed linear motor-driven total artificial heart (linear TAH). The linear TAHs have been developed and evaluated in mock testing and acute animal experiments. The new linear TAH was made based on experience with acute animal experiments. The maximum static thrust of the new linear pulse motor is 146 N with exciting current of 1.69 A. The weight and the volume of this linear TAH are 1.9 kg and 560 ml, respectively. The linear TAH has a kinetic thrust of 85 to 43 N and provides the maximum flow rate of 6.8 L/min in mock circulatory testing.
Thermodynamics of Metal-Halide Coordination in Aqueous Solution. I. Equilibrium Constants for Several Mercury(I)- and Mercury(II)-Halide Systems as a Function of Temperature (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermodynamics of Metal-Halide Coordination in Aqueous Solution. I. Equilibrium Constants for Several Mercury(I)- and Mercury(II)-Halide Systems as a Function of TemperatureLee D. Hansen, Reed M. Izatt, and James J. ChristensenCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1963, 2, 6, 1243–1245Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1963https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50010a034RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views65Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (363 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Treatment of Massive Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears: A Cost-effectiveness Analysis (2016)

Massive irreparable rotator cuff tears cause significant shoulder pain and dysfunction. Physical therapy (PT), arthroscopic debridement with biceps tenotomy (AD-BT), and hemiarthroplasty (HA) are treatments shown to reduce pain and improve quality of life. Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) is a newer surgical treatment option that may offer improved function. A cost-effectiveness analysis of these interventions has never been performed, and no head-to-head comparative effectiveness trials currently exist. A Markov decision analytic model was used to compare RTSA, HA, AD-BT, and PT as treatments for elderly patients with massive irreparable rotator cuff tears. Probabilities for complications, perioperative death, conversion procedures, and reoperations were derived from the literature, and costs were determined by average Medicare reimbursement rates from 2011. Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty yielded the most quality-adjusted life years (QALY) with 7.69, but greater benefits came at higher costs compared with other treatments. Sensitivity analyses showed that PT was the most cost-effective intervention at a health utility of 0.75 or greater (QALY 7.35). The health utility of RTSA was 0.72 or less (QALY 7.48) or RTSA probability of no complications was 0.83 or less (QALY 7.48 at cost of $23,830). Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty yielded benefits at a cost considered good value for money compared with other treatments. Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty is the preferred and most cost-effective treatment option for elderly patients with massive irreparable rotator cuff tears. For patients seeking pain relief without functional gains, AD-BT can be considered a cost-effective and cheaper alternative. The cost-effectiveness analysis approach can help guide clinical practice as well as the policies of health care systems and insurers. [Orthopedics. 2017; 40(1):e65-e76.].
Biomechanical analysis of compression screw fixation versus standard in situ pinning in slipped capital femoral epiphysis. (2001)

A slipped capital femoral epiphysis was created in 12 matched pairs of immature bovine femora using an anterior-to-posterior-directed shear force. All soft tissues, with the exception of the perichondrial ring, were removed before testing. One specimen from each pair was fixed with a single cannulated screw in standard fashion, whereas the contralateral specimen was fixed with a single screw that compressed the physis. The amount of compression achieved was quantified using Fuji film. Standard fixation yielded 1.4 MPa of pressure across the physis; compression fixation yielded 3.2 MPa, a 2.3-fold difference (p = 0.0001). The compression fixation was 47% more stiff than standard technique (p = 0.030), yet the differences in ultimate strength (p = 0.180) and energy absorbed at failure (p = 0.910) were not statistically significant. The stiffness of the compressed specimens remained less than that of the intact femora. Single-screw compression fixation of in vitro bovine femora was significantly more stiff than the current, widely used noncompression fixation technique, yet does not compromise the ultimate strength, energy absorbed, or the technical ease of single-implant fixation.
Preparation and Purification of HMX and RDX Intermediates (TAX and SEX). (1980)

This final report describes the feasibility of preparing 4 kg of 1-acetyloctahydro-3,5,7-trinitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (SEX). The objectives were to establish the technical feasibility of producing amounts of SEX needed for toxicological testing (about 4 kg), provide this material in satisfactory purity and with proper analytical characterization of residual impurities, and provide a cost-plus-fixed-fee estimate for preparation of the compound. SEX was prepared by nitrolysis of 1,5-diacetyloctahydro-3,7-dinitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (DADN), using a mixture of trifluoracetec anhydride and 100% nitric acid. The crude SEX was contaminated with 50% of DADN, HMX, or of a mixture of both, depending on the reaction conditions. Analytically pure SEX (99.9+%) was obtained through the following procedure. Open hot column chromatography (90-100 C) on silica gel with a nitromethane eluent was used to remove the 5 to 20% DADN contamination. The resulting SEX/HMX mixture was separated to yield 99.+% SEX by preparative high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) on prepacked silica gel columns, again using a nitromethane eluent. Conditions for the preparation of the DADN/SEX/HMX mixture have been optimized and the process can be conducted batchwise. Thus, SEX can be provided in the quantities desired for subsequent purification. Determination of the shock sensitivity of SEX showed that it can sustain greater than 300 kg-cm in a drop weight test (compared with 148 kg-cm for pure HMX). However, SEX is sensitive to direct, strong hammer blows and therefore must be treated as an explosive material in handling and shipping. (Author)
Therapeutic Strategy in Phosgene Poisoning (1985)

For the treatment of phosgene poisoning, glucocorticoids and positive pressure ventilation can be recommended as well as supporting measures such as physical rest, antitussives, buffers, sedatives, antibiotics, antispasmodics and possibly diuretics. Roentgenological evaluation of the lungs is advisable. A therapeutic strategy is presented which is based on the phosgene exposure intensity.
Contrast enhancement materials for thick photoresist applications (2004)

The performance requirements for ultra-thick photoresists are rapidly increasing due to the dramatic growth of applications such as nanotechnology (MEMS) and advanced packaging. Commercial products such as accelerometers, ink jet print heads, biomedical sensors and optical switches are driving growth in the nanotechnology market. Advanced packaging techniques such as flip chip in package, flip chip in board and wafer level chip scale packaging have become widely adopted to address electrical device performance and chip form factor considerations. The common lithography requirement for these applications is formation of high aspect ratio structures with sufficient process latitude to allow devices to be manufactured in production volumes. The use of a contrast enhancement material (CEM) has been shown to be effective in improving lithographic performance and process latitude for thin photoresist applications. However, CEM technology can also be used for the thick photoresist materials in MEMS and advanced packaging applications. The lithographic performance of three representative thick photoresists was characterized with and without a top CEM. The first two materials are ultra-thick positive photoresists that are widely used for electroplated bump bonding structures. The third material is a thick negative photoresist widely used for electrical redistribution levels. All lithography was performed using a low numerical aperture, 1X stepper to control critical dimensions (CD), sidewall angles and aspect ratios. Cross sectional SEM analysis was used to establish the lithographic capabilities of the three photoresists with and without top CEM. The recommended process flow for each photoresist with top CEM is described. The advantages and disadvantages of using CEM for thick photoresist applications are also discussed.
Correlated counting of single electrons in a nanowire double quantum dot (2009)

We report on correlated real-time detection of individual electrons in an InAs nanowire double quantum dot (DQD). Two self-aligned quantum point contacts (QPCs) in an underlying two-dimensional electron gas material serve as highly sensitive charge detectors for the DQD. Tunnel processes of individual electrons and all tunnel rates are determined by simultaneous measurements of the correlated signals of the QPCs.
Dynamics of relaxor ferroelectrics (2001)

We study a dynamic model of relaxor ferroelectrics based on the spherical random-bond--random-field model and the Langevin equations of motion written in the representation of eigenstates of the random interaction matrix. The solution to these equations is obtained in the long-time limit where the system reaches an equilibrium state in the presence of random local electric fields. The complex dynamic linear and third-order nonlinear susceptibilities ${\ensuremath{\chi}}_{1}(\ensuremath{\omega})$ and ${\ensuremath{\chi}}_{3}(\ensuremath{\omega}),$ respectively, are calculated as functions of frequency and temperature. In analogy with the static case, the dynamic model predicts a narrow frequency dependent peak in ${\ensuremath{\chi}}_{3}(T,\ensuremath{\omega})$, which mimics a transition into a glasslike state, but a real transition never occurs in the case of nonzero random fields. A freezing transition can be described by introducing the empirical Vogel-Fulcher (VF) behavior of the relaxation time $\ensuremath{\tau}$ in the equations of motion, with the VF temperature ${T}_{0}$ playing the role of the freezing temperature ${T}_{f}.$ The scaled third-order nonlinear susceptibility ${a}_{3}^{\ensuremath{'}}(T,\ensuremath{\omega})={\overline{\ensuremath{\chi}}}_{3}^{\ensuremath{'}}(\ensuremath{\omega})/{\overline{\ensuremath{\chi}}}_{1}^{\ensuremath{'}}(3\ensuremath{\omega}){\overline{\ensuremath{\chi}}}_{1}^{\ensuremath{'}}(\ensuremath{\omega}{)}^{3},$ where the bar denotes a statistical average over ${T}_{0},$ shows a crossover from paraelectriclike to glasslike behavior in the quasistatic regime above ${T}_{f}.$ The shape of ${\overline{\ensuremath{\chi}}}_{1}(\ensuremath{\omega})$ and ${\overline{\ensuremath{\chi}}}_{3}(\ensuremath{\omega})$---and thus of ${a}_{3}^{\ensuremath{'}}(T,\ensuremath{\omega})$---depends crucially on the probability distribution of \ensuremath{\tau}. It is shown that for a linear distribution of VF temperatures ${T}_{0},$ ${a}_{3}^{\ensuremath{'}}(T,\ensuremath{\omega})$ has a peak near ${T}_{f}$ and shows a strong frequency dispersion in the low-temperature region.
A true random number generator using time-dependent dielectric breakdown (2011)

A true random number generator (tRNG) is proposed that, for the first time, uses the random physical process of time to oxide breakdown under voltage stress. Time to breakdown is repeatedly measured with a counter and serialized into a bitstream. The 1200 µm2 tRNG, called OxiGen, was fabricated in 65 nm CMOS, passes all 15 NIST randomness tests without post-processing and in a 3 month run generated sufficient bits for worst-case expected internet use while being < 10% exhausted.
A 16 bit linear passive-charge-sharing SAR ADC in 55nm CMOS (2016)

This paper presents a first reported passive-charge-sharing SAR ADC that achieves 16 bit linearity. It is known that on chip passive-charge-sharing suffers from poor linearity due to the unregulated reference voltage during bit trials. The proposed unique ADC architecture and calibration technique addresses the issue of signal dependent reference voltage droop during SAR ADC bit trials and orthogonalize the bit weights to achieve 16bit linearity. In addition, the proposed architecture maximizes SNR by sampling on to the bit cap, the first reported in this type of SAR ADC. Measurement result from a prototype test chip shows +/-0.8 LSB (16-bit level) INL at 1MSPS.
ChemInform Abstract: ABSOLUTE STEREOCHEMISTRY OF CIS‐1,2‐, TRANS‐1,2‐, AND CIS‐3,4‐DIHYDRODIOL METABOLITES OF PHENANTHRENE (1978)

Abstract Die aus Bakterien bzw. Ratten isolierten Metaboliten (Ia) und (IIIa) bzw. (IIa) des Phenanthrens werden stereochemisch eindeutig zugeordnet.
Characteristics of Fluidization of a Solid Particle Bed (1979)

A criterion to predict the characteristic of fluidization of particles bed was discussed by adopting a modified Froude number, Frλc. The criterion derived from the hydrodynamic instability was compared with experimental data. In addition, the drag coefficient for particulate fluidized bed were found to be different from those measured for aggregative fluidized bed in a fully development fluidization.
Antibodies to Porcine Eye Muscle in Patients with Graves’ Ophthalmopathy: Identification of Serum Immunoglobulins Directed Against Unique Determinants by Immunoblotting and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay* (1987)

The immunological mechanisms involved in Graves' ophthalmopathy are not known. To explore the pathophysiology of this disorder, we used an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect antibodies that bound to the 100,000 X g sediment fraction of porcine eye muscle. Serum from patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy had enhanced immunoglobulin binding to porcine eye muscle compared to serum from control subjects (P less than 0.0001); however, several individual normal serum samples also had elevated binding activity. Incubation of serum from some Graves' patients with skeletal muscle or liver tissue resulted in reduction in immunoglobulin binding to porcine eye muscle. Thyroglobulin and TSH reduced binding only at high concentrations. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed some obvious differences in protein bands between porcine eye muscle and skeletal muscle. Serum from many normal subjects and patients with autoimmune thyroid disease formed bands with skeletal muscle protein fractions on immunoblotting, and no specific bands were found using serum from Graves' ophthalmopathy patients. Immunoblots of Graves' patients' serum after reaction with either porcine skeletal or eye muscle showed no reactivity with thyroglobulin (200K and 320K) or thyroid microsomal antigen (105K). Instead, immunoblots of eye muscle and serum from Graves' patients, with or without eye disease, showed two bands at 64K and 73K, which were shared by serum from normal subjects. In addition, several unique eye muscle determinants were detected in serum from 6 of 13 Graves' disease patients analyzed. These unique bands usually had mol wt of less than 50K, and 5 of the 6 patients whose serum reacted with these determinants had significant ophthalmopathy. Our findings support the presence of potential antigenic differences between eye muscle and skeletal muscle accounting for the immunological specificity of eye muscle as a target in Graves' ophthalmopathy.
Cyclic Poly(thioglycolide) and Poly(<scp>d</scp>,<scp>l</scp>-thiolactide) by Zwitterionic Polymerization of Dithiolane-2,4-diones (2007)

Dithiolane-2,4-dione was polymerized either by heating in bulk to 140 °C or by reacting at 20 °C using pyridine and triethylamine as catalysts. Whereas the thermal polymerization almost exclusively yielded cyclic poly(thioglycolide), the samples prepared at 20 °C by means of tertiary amines contained cyclic and linear chains. The end groups of the linear chains varied with the nonsolvent used for the workup procedure, because chains having reactive end groups were immobilized by rapid crystallization and reacted at the electrophilic CO-chain end with the nonsolvent. d,l-5-Methyldithiolane-2,4-dione proved so stable that tertiary amines did not catalyze its polymerization even at 100 °C. Thermal polymerization at 160 °C yielded oligoester mainly consisting of cyles. A zwitterionic polymerization mechanism allowing for simultaneous chain-growth and step-growth polymerization is discussed.
Radiation-hardened MOS device response to high dose rate irradiations as a function of temperature (1989)

The effect of the device temperature during irradiation at high dose rates has been investigated for transistors and ICs over the MIL-STD temperature range, -55 to 125/degree/C. At low temperatures, large increases in transistor leakage current was observed due to large shifts in the threshold voltages of parasitic field oxide transistors. The response of hardened field oxide devices and their effects on IC performance at high dose rates and low temperatures will be discussed for several different process conditions. 7 refs., 3 figs.
Oxidative stress mediates impairment of muscle function in transgenic mice with elevated level of wild-type Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (1997)

Cases of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (fALS; a neurodegenerative disorder) have been reported in which the gene for Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) was mutated. Several studies with the fALS mutant CuZnSOD in transgenic mice and cells showed that the fALS mutations act through an as yet undefined dominant gain-of-function mechanism. Wild-type CuZnSOD catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide (O(2)(-).) but also produces hydroxyl radicals (.OH) with H(2)O(2) as substrate. Two laboratories have recently demonstrated that the .OH production ability was preferentially enhanced by the fALS mutant CuZnSOD, suggesting that this might be the function gained in fALS. In this study, we used transgenic CuZnSOD (Tg-CuZnSOD) mice with elevated levels of CuZnSOD to determine whether overexpression of wild-type CuZnSOD was also associated with increased .OH production and impaired muscle function. Enhanced formation of .OH was detected, by spin trapping, in brain and muscle extracts of the Tg-CuZnSOD mice. Three independently derived Tg-CuZnSOD lines showed muscle abnormalities, reflected by altered electromyography (EMG) and diminished performance in the rope grip test. After treatment with paraquat (PQ), a widely used herbicide and O(2)(-).-generating compound, muscle disability significantly deteriorated in Tg-CuZnSOD mice but not in control mice. The results indicate that elevated levels of CuZnSOD cause indigenous long-term oxidative stress leading to impairment of muscle function. These findings may provide valuable clues about the concurred role of indigenous oxidative stress and exogenous agents in the etiology of sporadic ALS and several other neurodegenerative diseases in which a specific subset of neurons is affected.
The in vivo depletion of CD4+ T cells prevents antigen-induced eosinophil infiltration into mouse skin. (1992)

In order to determine the role of CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells in causing antigen-induced eosinophil infiltration into the site of late-phase reaction (LPR), we examined the effect of the in vivo depletion of CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells on antigen-induced eosinophil infiltration into mouse skin. Eosinophil infiltration into the skin of ovalbumin (OA)-sensitized BALB/c mice was biphasic after subcutaneous OA challenge, reaching the first peak at 6 h and the second peak at 24 to 48 h. The in vivo depletion of CD4+ T cells by pretreatment with anti-L3T4 monoclonal antibody (mAb) significantly decreased the second peak (at 24 h and 48 h), but not the first peak (at 6 h), of OA-induced eosinophil infiltration into the skin of OA-sensitized mice. However, the depletion of CD8+ T cells by pretreatment with anti-Lyt-2 mAb had no significant effect on either the first or second peak of OA-induced cutaneous eosinophilia in the mouse. These results indicate that CD4+ T cells, but not CD8+ T cells, play an important role in causing antigen-induced eosinophil recruitment of cutaneous LPR.
Friction of Thin Electroless NiP and NiP-SiO<sub>2</sub> Coatings on Aluminium Alloy Substrate (2012)

Thin NiP and NiP+SiO 2 coatings were deposited by electroless techniques on aluminum alloy plates. Dry sliding tests against Al 2 O 3 counterbody with the ball on plate contact geometry and reciprocal moving were carried out. The results of tribological tests showed that the friction coefficient of the modified coating at loads above 500 mN by 3-4 times, and wear 1.4-2 times lower than for original NiP coatings. It was found that during friction of NiP and NiP+SiO 2 coatings different tribochemical processes are realized. These processes lead to the formation of different by chemical composition of P, Ni and O of secondary structures on the friction surfaces and as result to different tribological properties of the investigated coatings.
One-Year Experience in Presbyopia Correction With Biaspheric Multifocal Central Presbyopia Laser In Situ Keratomileusis (2012)

Patient selection and expectation management is essential to achieve patient satisfaction. Even though optically the results are predictable and good, some patients find it difficult to adapt to the compromise and others are dissatisfied by the minor loss of distance visual acuity. Certain individuals are best suited for PresbyMAX. A test with multifocal contact lenses or trial frames that creates slightly defocused images can be used to simulate postoperative visual impressions and verify patient acceptance.