gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chemical Methods of Improving the Permeability of Wood (1977)

In the past, it has been well documented that the relative permeability of wood has a significant influence on the effectiveness of preservative treatments. Without adequate penetration, even the best preservatives will not provide sufficient protection and the wood will fail prematurely. Consequently, any developments in methods which increase the treatability of wood which are difficult to treat could have a significant impact on the wood preserving industry. The objective of this paper is to review methods of improving the permeability of wood. Both mechanical and chemical methods are possibilities, but this discussion will be limited to the latter. Structural and Chemical Factors in Wood Which Affect Flow A complete review of the structure of wood is presented in another paper in this symposium. Hence, this discussion will be limited to a review of the principal structural and chemical factors which could possibly influence the flow of liquids in wood
Reactions of atomic hydrogen with hydrogen chloride and nitrosyl chloride (1966)

The kinetics of reaction of hydrogen chloride with atomic hydrogen have been investigated in a discharge-flow system at total pressures near 1 mm Hg, and from 195 to 373°K. The rate of removal of hydrogen atoms was first-order in [H] and [HCl], H+HCl→H2+Cl. (1) The rate constant k1 is satisfactorily represented by the expression k1=(3.5±1.5)× 1011T½ exp [(–2900±300)/RT] cm3 mole–1 sec–1, in this temperature range. Combination of these data with values found for k1 at higher temperatures shows that all the results can be fitted satisfactorily either (i) by a simple collision theory temperature-dependence, k1=(6.2±3.5)× 1011T½ exp [(–3100±400)/RT] cm3 mole–1 sec–1, with a steric factor of about 0.025, or (ii) by various models for the transition complex HHCl, where the temperature-dependence has a more complex form. The correlation of the data for k1 with the simple Arrhenius expression A exp (–E/RT) is not satisfactory. The best fit of the data is to two semi-empirical, linear models proposed by Bigeleisen et al.3 for the HHCl transition complex, in which there is strong H—H bonding, and to a triangular model, but the limits of experimental error do not rule out several other models. The reaction of hydrogen atoms with nitrosyl chloride was both stoichiometric, H+NOCl→NO+HCl (2) and very rapid, k2 > 1 × 1012 cm3 mole–1 sec–1 at 300°K. The reaction can be used as a gas phase titration for the measurement of hydrogen atom concentrations.
Regulation of Exoprotein Gene Expression by the <i>Staphylococcus aureus cvfB</i> Gene (2007)

We previously reported that the cvfB gene (SA1223) of Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for the virulence of this pathogenic bacterium. We show here that the cvfB gene regulates exoprotein gene expression. In a cvfB gene deletion mutant, hemolysin, DNase, and protease production were decreased, whereas protein A expression was increased. The amount of RNAIII, the transcript from the P3 promoter in the agr locus that regulates the expression of various virulence factors, was also reduced in the cvfB mutant. In addition, P2 and P3 promoter activity in the agr locus was decreased in the mutant. Under the genetic background of the agr-null mutation, cvfB gene disruption decreased the production levels of DNase and protease. Moreover, the cvfB and agr double mutant was less virulent than the agr mutant in silkworms. These results suggest that the cvfB gene product contributes to the expression of virulence factors and to pathogenicity via both agr-dependent and agr-independent pathways.
Active Plasmonics with Responsive, Binary Assemblies of Gold Nanorods and Nanospheres (2021)

Self-assembly of metal nanoparticles has applications in the fabrication of optically active materials. Here, we introduce a facile strategy for the fabrication of films of binary nanoparticle assemblies. Dynamic control over the configuration of gold nanorods and nanospheres is achieved via the melting of bound and unbound fractions of liquid-crystal-like nanoparticle ligands. This approach provides a route for the preparation of hierarchical nanoparticle superstructures with applications in reversibly switchable, visible-range plasmonic technologies.
Polarographic and optical absorption studies of radicals produced in the pulse radiolysis of aqueous solutions of ethylene glycol (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolarographic and optical absorption studies of radicals produced in the pulse radiolysis of aqueous solutions of ethylene glycolK. M. Bansal, M. Gratzel, A. Henglein, and E. JanataCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1973, 77, 1, 16–19Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1973https://doi.org/10.1021/j100620a004RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views187Altmetric-Citations82LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alerts
The synthesis of hexahydrooxoepithiopyridinedicarboximides by the reaction of thioamides with <i>N</i>‐substituted maleimides (1998)

Abstract The synthesis of hexahydrooxoepithiopyridinedicarboxyimide (5: X 2 = N ‐Ph) by the reaction of thioamides 1 with N ‐substituted maleimide ( 2a ) was examined. The reaction of primary thioamides, such as thiobenzamide and p ‐toluthioamide with N ‐phenylmaleimide gives compounds 5 together with corresponding 4‐hydroxy‐1,3‐thiazoles 4 . However, a similar reaction of secondary thioamides, such as N ‐methylthioacetamide, thiobenzanilide, with N ‐phenylmaleimide did not provide compounds 5 without addition of acid. The reaction pathway and the configuration of 5 were also investigated.
Use of Paris Law for Prediction of Component Remaining Life (2008)

Vibration based health and usage monitoring systems (HUMS) are providing good information as to the current state of a component, (e.g. health), but other than simple trending, are not robust enough to yield an estimated of the remaining useful life (RUL). There are three fundamental problems that need to be address to accurately estimate RUL. First, health index data is noisy. Even with filtering, the HI can be difficult to trend. Second - a damage model is required address component degradation. Finally, a relationship between physical damage and measured health/condition needs to be established.
The purification by immuno-affinity chromatography of bacterial methionyl-(human somatotropin) (1984)

Conference Article| April 01 1984 The purification by immuno-affinity chromatography of bacterial methionyl-(human somatotropin) GEORGE W. JACK; GEORGE W. JACK 1Therapeutic Products Laboratory, P.H.L.S. Centre for Applied Microbiology and Research, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wilts. SP4 0JG, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar HARRY J. GILBERT HARRY J. GILBERT 1Therapeutic Products Laboratory, P.H.L.S. Centre for Applied Microbiology and Research, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wilts. SP4 0JG, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1984) 12 (2): 246–247. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0120246 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation GEORGE W. JACK, HARRY J. GILBERT; The purification by immuno-affinity chromatography of bacterial methionyl-(human somatotropin). Biochem Soc Trans 1 April 1984; 12 (2): 246–247. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0120246 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1984 Biochemical Society1984 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Rapid evaporation at the superheat limit (1982)

In an experimental investigation of the transient processes that occur when a single droplet of butane at the superheat limit vaporizes explosively, short-exposure photographs and fast-response pressure measurements have been used to construct a description of the complete explosion process. It is observed that only a single bubble forms within the drop during each explosion, and that the growth proceeds on a microsecond time scale. An interfacial instability driven by rapid evaporation has been observed on the surface of the bubbles. It is suggested that the Landau mechanism of instability, originally described in connection with the instability of laminar flames, also applies to rapid evaporation at the superheat limit. The photographic evidence and the pressure data are used to estimate the evapora- tive mass flux across the liquid-vapour interface after the onset of instability. The rate of evaporation is shown to be two orders of magnitude greater than would be predicted by conventional bubble-growth theories that do not account for the effects of instability. An estimate of the mean density within the bubbles during the evaporative stage indicates that it is more than one half of the critical density of butane. Additional interesting dynamical effects that are observed include a series of toroidal waves that form on the interface between the butane vapour and the external host liquid in the bubble column apparatus after the bubble has grown large enough to contact the outer edge of the drop, and violent oscillations of the bubble that occur on a millisecond time scale, after evaporation of the liquid butane is complete, that cause the disintegration of the bubble into a cloud of tiny bubbles by Rayleigh–Taylor instability.
A 0.8-μm CMOS two-dimensional programmable mixed-signal focal-plane array processor with on-chip binary imaging and instructions storage (1997)

This paper presents a CMOS chip for the parallel acquisition and concurrent analog processing of two-dimensional (2-D) binary images. Its processing function is determined by a reduced set of 19 analog coefficients whose values are programmable with 7-b accuracy. The internal programming signals are analog, but the external control interface is fully digital. On-chip nonlinear digital-to-analog converters (DAC's) map digitally coded weight values into analog control signals, using feedback to predistort their transfer characteristics in accordance to the response of the analog programming circuitry. This strategy cancels out the nonlinear dependence of the analog circuitry with the programming signal and reduces the influence of interchip technological parameters random fluctuations. The chip includes a small digital RAM memory to store eight sets of processing parameters in the periphery of the cell array and four 2-D binary images spatially distributed over the processing array. It also includes the necessary control circuitry to realize the stored instructions in any order and also to realize programmable logic operations among images. The chip architecture is based on the cellular neural/nonlinear network universal machine (CNN-UM). It has been fabricated in a 0.8-/spl mu/m single-poly double-metal technology and features 2-/spl mu/s operation speed (time required to process an image) and around 7-b accuracy in the analog processing operations.
Chronic imidazoline receptor activation in spontaneously hypertensive rats1 (2002)

ANP and BNP may be involved in the antihypertensive effect of chronic moxonidine treatment. Accordingly, natriuretic peptides may contribute to the sympatholytic and cardioprotective effects of chronic activation of imidazoline I1-receptors.
Nonlocal collisionless and collisional electron transport in low temperature plasmas (2010)

A distinctive property of partially ionized plasmas is that such plasmas are always in a non-equilibrium state: the electrons are not in thermal equilibrium with the neutral species and ions, and the electrons are also not in thermodynamic equilibrium within their own ensemble, which results in a significant departure of the electron velocity distribution function from a Maxwellian. These non-equilibrium conditions provide considerable freedom to choose optimal plasma parameters for applications, which make gas discharge plasmas remarkable tools for a variety of plasma applications, including plasma processing, discharge lighting, plasma propulsion, particle beam sources, and nanotechnology. Typical phenomena in such discharges include nonlocal electron kinetics, nonlocal electrodynamics with collisionless electron heating, and nonlinear processes in the sheaths and in the bounded plasmas. We report on recent advances in nonlocal electron kinetics in low-pressure plasmas, in the Hall thruster discharges <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1,2</sup> , and dc discharges with auxiliary biased electrodes for plasma control <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> . We show on specific examples that this progress was made possible by synergy between full scale particle-in-cell simulations, analytical models, and experiments.
Multicomponent surface materials: subsequent surface structuring and deposition (2015)

The surface properties of materials can be modified by tailoring the topography and chemical composition. Functional surfaces with desirable properties have been produced by precisely controlled surface structures and chemical composition at the micro-nanometer scale. Until now, the challenge has been the ability to manipulate surface morphology and chemistry at the micro-millimeter scale. This work presents a new surface modification method capable of permitting subsequent structuring and material deposition. A micro tip patterning technique is based on sharp metal tips that are used for modifying the topography and chemistry of various material surfaces at the micro-millimeter scale. The method is appropriate for characterizing different topographies by probing conductive material surfaces with a needle tip, which permits a precisely controlled surface structuring with continuous 3D profiles. The desired locations of the scanned surface can be chemically modified by delivering materials via the needle tip. The method is appropriate for the multi-object placement of numerous substances such as functional reagents and biological components in a complex microenvironment. The accurate structuring of complex 3D surface topographies and subsequent chemical deposition provides a precisely controlled functionalization of material surface properties suitable for different applications.
Physical properties of type i collagen in solution: Structure of α‐Chains and β‐ and γ‐components and two‐component mixtures (1981)

Abstract The structure of thermally denatured Type I collagen has been studied using laser light scattering. The results indicate that the diffusion coefficients of α‐chains and β‐ and γ‐components are 1.550 ± 0.08 × 10 −7 , 1.000 ± 0.05 × 10 −7 , and 0.835 ± 0.04 × 10 −7 cm 2 /sec, respectively, at temperatures between 20 and 40°C. It is concluded from diffusion data that these species have hydrodynamic radii of about 13.8 nm (α‐chain), 21.5 nm (β‐component), and 25.7 nm (γ‐component), consistent with previous studies of thermal denaturation by light scattering. It is also concluded, based on volume calculations, that a large volume increase occurs when the triple helix unfolds. Homodyne correlation functions for two component mixtures of α‐chains and β‐and γ‐components appeared to decay exponentially. In all but one case discussed the correlation function could be fitted with a single component having a translational diffusion coefficient which was an intensity weighted average of the diffusion coefficient of each component present.
Constructions of Strict Lyapunov Functions: Stability, Robustness, Delays, and State Constraints (2016)

International audience
Nonswelling Thiol–Yne Cross-Linked Hydrogel Materials as Cytocompatible Soft Tissue Scaffolds (2017)

A key drawback of hydrogel materials for tissue engineering applications is their characteristic swelling response, which leads to a diminished mechanical performance. However, if a solution can be found to overcome such limitations, there is a wider application for these materials. Herein, we describe a simple and effective way to control the swelling and degradation rate of nucleophilic thiol-yne poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogel networks using two straightforward routes: (1) using multiarm alkyne and thiol terminated PEG precursors or (2) introducing a thermoresponsive unit into the PEG network while maintaining their robust mechanical properties. In situ hydrogel materials were formed in under 10 min in PBS solution at pH 7.4 without the need for an external catalyst by using easily accessible precursors. Both pathways resulted in strong tunable hydrogel materials (compressive strength values up to 2.4 MPa) which could effectively encapsulate cells, thus highlighting their potential as soft tissue scaffolds.
An Electronic Phasemeter (1949)

The instrument described is designed to read and record directly on calibrated scales the phase angle between two sinusoidal voltages having a voltage range of 1 to 30 volts, over a frequency range of 100 to 5,000 cps to a sensitivity of 0.5°. The separate sinusoidal input voltages are converted to square waves through cascade amplifiers and limiters, and applied to two separate phase indicators. One indicator is ambiguous about the 180° value and measures and records the average of the algebraic sum of the square waves in the separate channels. The second type of indicator is unambiguous, and is operated by differentiating the square waves and applying the proper resultant pulses to fire a trigger circuit of the Eccles-Jordan type. The average plate current in the trigger tubes is directly proportional to the phase angle between the two input voltages to the phase meter.
Dielectric Properties of Frequency Modulation Twisted Nematic LCDs Doped with Silver Nanoparticles (2004)

Twisted nematic liquid crystal display (TN-LCD) devices, composed of nematic liquid crystal (NLC), doped with silver (Ag) nanoparticles, which are protected with the same NLC molecules of 5CB (Merck, K-15), show electrooptic characteristics that are featured by a frequency modulation and fast response. This device is called FM-TN-LCD. In this paper, we report that the frequency range in the FM-TN-LCD spreading from 40 Hz to an upper limit 2 kHz correlates with that of the dielectric dispersion of the sample cell, which is expressed analytically by the Maxwell–Wagner theory on the heterogeneous dielectric medium, where the dielectric relaxation frequency, and thus the dielectric relaxation time, are primarily governed by the electrical conductivity of the doped Ag nanoparticles.
ChemInform Abstract: Crown Ethers and Cryptates: A Fascinating Group of Multidentate Macrocyclic Ligands (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Method of correction for linear distortion of signals and application to DNA fingerprint data (1992)

An algorithm has been derived that will identify the situation where a one-dimensional signal is a linearly stretched version of another and then correct for such distortion by expanding the ‘compressed’ trace. The application of the alogrithm to the the analysis of DNA fingerprint data is discussed.
Fabrication and Microstructure Evaluation of Oxide and Carbide Ceramic Coatings onto Heterogeneous Substrates by Solid-Vapor Reaction (2007)

Silicon carbide (SiC) and alumina (Al2O3) have been synthesized on graphite and silica (SiO2) substrates, respectively, using a solid-vapor reaction (SVR). SiC and Al2O3 layers are synthesized on each substrate by reacting between SiO vapor and substrate (SiO (vapor) + 2 C (from graphite)), and between AlO vapor and substrate (2AlO (vapor) + 1/2O2 (from SiO2)). Both reaction processes were performed at 1400 °C for 9 hour at a heating rate of 5 °C/min under an Ar/H2 (160:40) flow of 200 sccm (ml/min). The pack composition for each case was adjusted with 1:1 mole ratio, which was used as precursors of the AlO and SiO vapors. The synthesized SiC layer consists of α-SiC and β-SiC, and its thickness is affected by the porosity of graphite. The Al2O3 top layer synthesized on SiO2 substrate is coarse and relatively porous, resulting in some defects.
A Large Animal Model for CNGB1 Autosomal Recessive Retinitis Pigmentosa (2013)

Retinal dystrophies in dogs are invaluable models of human disease. Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) is the canine equivalent of retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Similar to RP, PRA is a genetically heterogenous condition. We investigated PRA in the Papillon breed of dog using homozygosity mapping and haplotype construction of single nucleotide polymorphisms within a small family group to identify potential positional candidate genes. Based on the phenotypic similarities between the PRA-affected Papillons, mouse models and human patients, CNGB1 was selected as the most promising positional candidate gene. CNGB1 was sequenced and a complex mutation consisting of the combination of a one basepair deletion and a 6 basepair insertion was identified in exon 26 (c.2387delA;2389_2390insAGCTAC) leading to a frameshift and premature stop codon. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) of pre-degenerate retinal sections from a young affected dog showed absence of labeling using a C-terminal CNGB1 antibody. Whereas an antibody directed against the N-terminus of the protein, which also recognizes the glutamic acid rich proteins arising from alternative splicing of the CNGB1 transcript (upstream of the premature stop codon), labeled rod outer segments. CNGB1 combines with CNGA1 to form the rod cyclic nucleotide gated channel and previous studies have shown the requirement of CNGB1 for normal targeting of CNGA1 to the rod outer segment. In keeping with these previous observations, IHC showed a lack of detectable CNGA1 protein in the rod outer segments of the affected dog. A population study did not identify the CNGB1 mutation in PRA-affected dogs in other breeds and documented that the CNGB1 mutation accounts for ~70% of cases of Papillon PRA in our PRA-affected canine DNA bank. CNGB1 mutations are one cause of autosomal recessive RP making the CNGB1 mutant dog a valuable large animal model of the condition.