gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inferring the stability of LIFE through Brain Machine Interfaces (2008)

We examine neural signals from Longitudinally implanted Intra-Fascicular Electrodes (LIFE) in a chronic, rabbit model. Translation-invariant wavelet de-noising methods are used to improve S%R. Then traditional template-based spike sorting is applied to discriminate single units. We investigate the effect of discriminating between identified units on Brain Machine Interface (BMI) decoding performance. We infer the stability of LIFE based on decoding performance with and without current BMI methods to counter-act electrode neural signal degradation.
61.1: 80lm/W White OLEDs for Solid State Lighting (2013)

Abstract 80lm/W white OLED has been successfully realized by introducing 3‐stacked tandem structure along with internal light extraction layer. The power efficacy and lifetime of the device were maintained over 80 lm/W and 26,000 hr for LT70 condition at 4,200nit operation, respectively.
Altered Arachidonic Acid Biosynthesis and Antioxidant Protection Mechanisms in Schwann Cells Grown in Elevated Glucose (2003)

In cultured Schwann cells, elevated glucose induces alterations in arachidonic acid metabolism that cause a decrease in the content of glycerophospholipid arachidonoyl‐containing molecular species (ACMS). This could result from decreased de novo arachidonic acid biosynthesis, or increased arachidonic acid release from phospholipids. Incorporation of radioactive 8,11,14‐eicosatrienoic acid into ACMS was lower for cells grown in 30 mm versus 5 mm glucose, consistent with a decrease in Delta5 desaturase activity. However, neither basal arachidonic acid release from prelabeled cells nor stimulated generation of arachidonic acid in the presence of the reacylation inhibitor, thimerosal, the phosphotyrosine phosphatase inhibitor, bipyridyl peroxovanadium, or both together, were altered by varying the glucose concentrations, indicating that arachidonic acid turnover did not contribute to ACMS depletion. Free cytosolic NAD(+)/NADH decreased, whereas NADP(+)/NADPH remained unchanged for cells grown in elevated glucose, implying that decreased desaturase activity is a result of metabolic changes other than cofactor availability. Schwann cells in elevated glucose were susceptible to oxidative stress, as shown by increased malondialdehyde, depleted glutathione levels, and reduced cytosolic superoxide dismutase activity. Glutathione‐altering compounds had no effect on ACMS levels, in contrast to N‐acetylcysteine and alpha‐lipoic acid, which partly corrected ACMS depletion in phosphatidylcholine. These findings suggest that in the Schwann cell cultures, a high glucose level elicits oxidative stress and weakens antioxidant protection mechanisms which could decrease arachidonic acid biosynthesis and that this deficit can be partly corrected by treatment with exogenous antioxidants.
Detection of ipaH gene in Large Plasmid of Escherichia coli Isolated from Different Sources of Bangladesh (2012)

Large plasmid (more than 100 MDa) plays a significant role in Escherichia coli virulence as many virulent genes including the ipaH are encoded by large plasmids. Characterization of such large plasmid of E. coli from different sources based on ipaH gene has not yet been reported with success and credible reproducibility in Bangladesh. Forty E. coli isolates of environmental, clinical, avian, and mammalian sources were examined to detect the presence of large plasmids. Among them, plasmids recovered from 32 isolates were found to range between 100 and 145 MDa in size. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates against 17 different antibiotics showed that most of them were resistant to more than 6 antibiotics and thus were designated multiple antibiotic resistant (MAR) strains. Out of 32 isolates, 10 were (3 clinical, 5 environmental, 1 avian and 1 mammalian source) found to possess a gene product of 423 bp size after PCR assay from plasmid DNA. Southern hybridization was carried out with ipaH probes and the results revealed the presence of band of correct size in both large plasmid DNA and in chromosomal DNA. Presence of the appropriate gene product in newly discharged environmental E. coli strains questions the credibility of using these bacteria as an indicator of water pollution in tropical countries like Bangladesh. The innovative approaches employed in this investigation regarding characterization of large plasmid based on the presence of ipaH gene in E. coli isolates from environmental, clinical, avian and mammalian sources opened up avenues for challenging research in future. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v28i2.11822 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 28, Number 2, December 2011, pp 84-87
A new scheme for ip-based internet-mobility (2004)

In this contribution we present a new type of mobility management for IP-based networks that, contrary to conventional approaches, does not focus on the network layer, but on the transport and session layers. At the heart of this new mobility concept is the reliable transport protocol SCTP, with an enhancement for dynamic address reconfiguration. The reliable server pooling (RSerPool) protocol suite provides a service for session monitoring and control. The suggested solution is transparent for applications, requires no changes in the network infrastructure, and is evaluated with a real-world implementation. Finally, we present first results from the application of this mobility concept to different mobility scenarios. These were obtained from working SCTP and RSerPool implementations that have been developed within our group.
Fabrication and Strength-Based Design of a Meso Forceps (2009)

A novel fabrication process and design optimization method for a mesoscale forceps is presented. This work is part of a larger research effort to design and fabricate nanoparticulate enabled surgical instruments using an iterative fabrication-design technique. The current paper focuses on the fabrication of thick (∼hundreds of microns) two dimensional parts with large aspect ratios (length/width &gt; 20). The paper also describes an optimization method that accounts for manufacturing requirements and material strength. The process begins with the fabrication of an array of molds on refractory substrates using a modified UV lithography technique. In parallel, engineered ceramic nanocolloidal slurries are prepared for gel-casting into the molds. Mold infiltration takes place via a squeegee technique adapted from screen printing with excess slurry removed using an ethanol bath. Finally, the photoresist molds are removed via pyrolysis, and ceramic parts sintered to full density. Employing this manufacturing technique for the compliant micro forceps design is advantageous because a large number of parts can be produced with large aspect ratios, sharp edges (∼ 1 μm), and a resolution of 2 μm. An optimization algorithm, using ANSYS optimization module, is formulated to determine the effect of dimensional parameters and material strength on the optimal design and predicted performance of the compliant meso forceps. Three ultimate strength values are separately implemented as a stress constraint in our optimization problem. Results conclude that our manufacturing process is capable of producing meso scale forceps considering the anticipated ultimate strength at this scale.
Nonlinear frequency conversion in periodic two-dimensional LiNbO/sub 3/ poled by electron-beam lithography (2005)

Modified electron-beam lithography was used for direct poling of LiNbO/sub 3/ at two-dimensional rectangular pattern with 6.4 and 7.4 microns periods. It enabled frequency doubling of 1047 nm light at five input and output angles.
Active cooling of whole blood to room temperature improves blood component quality (2010)

BACKGROUND: Many countries use cooling plates to actively cool collected whole blood (WB) to room temperature. Until now, no paired comparison had been performed, and it was our aim to compare the effect of active versus no active cooling on the in vitro quality of WB and subsequently prepared blood components. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Two units of WB were pooled and divided shortly after donation. One unit was placed under a butane‐1,4‐diol plate to obtain active cooling; the other was placed in an insulated box with other warm units to mimic worst‐case holding conditions. WB was held overnight and processed into a white blood cell (WBC)‐reduced red blood cells (RBCs), buffy coat (BC), and plasma. The BCs were further processed into platelet (PLT) concentrates. RBCs were stored for 42 days, and PLT concentrates for 8 days (n = 12 paired experiments). RESULTS: After overnight storage, ATP content of the RBCs was 4.9 ± 0.3 µmol/g Hb for actively cooled WB versus 4.5 ± 0.4 µmol/g Hb for not actively cooled WB (p < 0.001). On Day 42 of storage, RBCs prepared from this WB contained 3.1 ± 0.3 µmol ATP/g Hb with active cooling versus 2.6 ± 0.3 µmol/g Hb without (p < 0.001). Hemolysis on Day 42 was 0.35 ± 0.08% with active cooling and 0.67 ± 0.21% without (p < 0.001). No effect was observed on the in vitro quality of plasma, BC, or PLT concentrates. CONCLUSIONS: Active cooling of WB results in improved ATP levels and less hemolysis in WBC‐reduced RBCs, although the clinical implications are unclear. It has no effect on the in vitro quality of plasma or PLT concentrates.
Two copies of the human apolipoprotein C-I gene are linked closely to the apolipoprotein E gene. (1988)

The gene for human apolipoprotein (apo) C-I was selected from human genomic cosmid and lambda libraries. Restriction endonuclease analysis showed that the gene for apoC-I is located 5.5 kilobases downstream of the gene for apoE. A copy of the apoC-I gene, apoC-I', is located 7.5 kilobases downstream of the apoC-I gene. Both genes contain four exons and three introns; the apoC-I gene is 4653 base pairs long, the apoC-I' gene 4387 base pairs. In each gene, the first intron is located 20 nucleotides upstream from the translation start signal; the second intron, within the codon of Gly-7 of the signal peptide region; and the third intron, within the codon for Arg39 of the mature plasma protein coding region. The upstream apoC-I gene encodes the known apoC-I plasma protein and differs from the downstream apoC-I' gene in about 9% of the exon nucleotide positions. The most important difference between the exons results in a change in the codon for Gln-2 of the signal peptide region, which introduces a translation stop signal in the downstream gene. Major sequence differences are found in the second and third introns of the apoC-I and apoC-I' genes, which contain 9 and 7.5 copies, respectively, of Alu family sequences. The apoC-I gene is expressed primarily in the liver, and it is activated when monocytes differentiate into macrophages. In contrast, no mRNA product of the apoC-I' gene can be detected in any tissue, suggesting that it may be a pseudogene. The similar structures and the proximity of the apoE and apoC-I genes suggest that they are derived from a common ancestor. Furthermore, they may be considered to be constituents of a family of seven apolipoprotein genes (apoE, -C-I, -C-II, -C-III, -A-I, -A-II, and -A-IV) that have a common evolutionary origin.
Photolysis of oxalatoammine complexes of cobalt(III) in aqueous solution (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotolysis of oxalatoammine complexes of cobalt(III) in aqueous solutionHla Way and Nicolae FilipescuCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1969, 8, 8, 1609–1611Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50078a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50078a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views52Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
GABA Regulates Excitatory Synapse Formation in the Neocortex via NMDA Receptor Activation (2008)

The development of a balance between excitatory and inhibitory synapses is a critical process in the generation and maturation of functional circuits. Accumulating evidence suggests that neuronal activity plays an important role in achieving such a balance in the developing cortex, but the mechanism that regulates this process is unknown. During development, GABA, the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in adults, excites neurons as a result of high expression of the Na(+)-K(+)-2Cl(-) cotransporter (NKCC1). Using NKCC1 RNA interference knockdown in vivo, we show that GABA-induced depolarization is necessary for proper excitatory synapse formation and dendritic development of newborn cortical neurons. Blocking NKCC1 with the diuretic bumetanide during development leads to similar persistent changes in cortical circuitry in the adult. Interestingly, expression of a voltage-independent NMDA receptor rescues the failure of NKCC1 knockdown neurons to develop excitatory AMPA transmission, indicating that GABA depolarization cooperates with NMDA receptor activation to regulate excitatory synapse formation. Our study identifies an essential role for GABA in the synaptic integration of newborn cortical neurons and suggests an activity-dependent mechanism for achieving the balance between excitation and inhibition in the developing cortex.
STRENGTHENING TECHNIQUES FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE BRIDGE SUPERSTRUCTURES. FINAL REPORT, PART III (1990)

Rehabilitation and strengthening have become a major focal point for the Nation's aging bridge inventory. Increased demand for higher legal loads and permit overloads as well as uniform rating criteria necessitates the strengthening of a large number of short and medium span bridge structures. Frequently, the strengthening of bridge superstructures goes hand in hand with rehabilitation measures of the bridge deck and the road surface, such as structural concrete overlays or widening measures to accomodate additional traffic lanes. The objective of the performed research was to investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of various strengthening techniques for reinforced concrete bridge superstructures by means of full-scale experimental testing under controlled laboratory conditions. The rehabilitation and strengthening measures investigated were (1) full depth structural concrete overlays, (2) epoxy injection of cracks, (3) external post-tensioning, and (4) addition of a high strength precast concrete bottom soffit panel. These different rehabilitation measures were subsequently applied to and tested on a 11 ft 6 in. wide and 56 ft long section of an existing cast-in-place reinforced concrete T-girder bridge which was in service for 25 years prior to removal for the above tests. The testing comsisted of forced vibration tests to determine changes in the response characteristics, service level wheel load tests, overload tests, rolling load tests and ultimate limit state tests. A complete account of the various strengthening measures as well as a comprehensive analysis of the test results are presented in this report.
Proximity templates for modeling of skin and proximity effects on packages and high frequency interconnect (2002)

Modeling the exponentially varying current distributions in conductor interiors associated with high frequency interconnect behavior causes a rapid increase in the computation time and memory required even by recently developed fast electromagnetic analysis programs. In this paper we describe a procedure to generate numerically a set of basis functions which efficiently represent conductor current variation, and thus improving solver efficiency. The method is based on solving a sequence of template problems, and is easily generalized to arbitrary conductor cross-sections. Results are presented to demonstrate that the numerically computed basis functions are seven to twenty times more efficient than the commonly used piece-wise constant basis functions.
Neuroendocrine Aspects of Learning and Memory Processes (1989)

Limbic structures are involved in learning and memory processes. These structures are richly innervated by fibers containing neurotransmitters and neuropeptides. Corticosteroids and adrenomedullary hormones and peptides related to acetylcholine, corticotrophin-releasing hormone, melanophore-stimulating hormone, oxytocin, vasopressin, and several others modulate learning and memory processes and limbic system activity.
Distribution and changing density of gamma-delta T cells in murine skin during the induced hair cycle (1994)

Gamma-delta T cells (gdTC) are recognized as the predominant intraepidermal T-cell population in murine skin, although their physiological functions are still unclear. Little is known of the exact distribution of gdTC in the other epithelial skin compartments of normal mice. Using selective gdTC-receptor antibodies in immunohistology (alkaline phosphatase technique), the distribution and density of gdTC was analysed morphometrically in cryostat sections of full-thickness back skin of normal, adolescent C57 BL-6 mice in all the different stages of the depilation-induced hair cycle. We found that, during the entire hair cycle, V gamma 3-TCR-bearing lymphocytes are restricted to the epidermis, and to the epithelial hair bulb in, and distal to, the bulge area. No gdTC were seen in the sebaceous glands. During early anagen development, the number of pan-gdTC receptor-positive cells increased significantly (P < 0.005) in the interfollicular epidermis and the suprainfundibular portion of the hair bulb, whereas the number decreased in the infrainfundibular region (P < 0.005). As gdTC are thought to migrate into the skin only during embryogenesis, this finding suggests hair cycle-dependent, differential intraepithelial proliferation of gdTC in murine skin. We advocate employing only skin of defined hair cycle stages in immunological studies on murine skin, and discuss the value of the C57 BL-6 model for assessing the functions of gdTC in skin and hair biology.
Observation by HVEM of the martensite transformation and the superconducting transition in Nb<sub>3</sub>Sn (1988)

It is well known that a number of compound superconductors with the A15 structure undergo a martensite transformation when cooled to the superconducting state. Nb 3 Sn is one of those compounds that transforms, at least partially, from a cubic to tetragonal structure near 43 K. To our knowledge this transformation in Nb 3 Sn has not been studied by TEM. In fact, the only low temperature TEM study of an A15 material, V 3 Si, was performed by Goringe and Valdre over 20 years ago. They found the martensite structure in some foil areas at temperatures between 11 and 29 K, accompanied by faults that consisted of coherent twin boundaries on {110} planes. In pursuing our studies of irradiation defects in superconductors, we are the first to observe by TEM a similar martensite structure in Nb 3 Sn. Samples of Nb 3 Sn suitable for TEM studies have been produced by both a liquid solute diffusion reaction and by sputter deposition of thin films.
Proton exchange and magnetic nonequivalence in N-isopropylaminophosphorus(V) compounds (1968)

R. Keat, W. Sim and D. S. Payne, Chem. Commun. (London), 1968, 191 DOI: 10.1039/C19680000191
Wolseley, Lady Louisa Erskine, [1880] December 18 (1880)

paper copy; date per Jobe, Collection date [n.y.], Dec 18; includes transcription from P. Walker
Solid lipid particles in lipid films to control the diffusive release of 2‐heptanone (2012)

The results indicated that the use of SLPs as a method for controlled release can improve the delivery of the natural pesticide 2-heptanone if the SLPs have good compatibility with the matrix, leading to an increase in firmness of the films without increasing their porosity. Published 2012. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Tail widths in hydrogenated amorphous silicon and amorphous silicon carbon alloys measured by photomodulated infrared spectroscopy (2002)

We have measured the photoinduced infrared absorption of hydrogenated amorphous silicon a-Si:H and silicon-carbon alloys $a\ensuremath{-}{\mathrm{Si}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{C}}_{x}:\mathrm{H},$ using the sensitive technique of photomodulated infrared spectroscopy. The observed spectra are quantitatively accounted for by a model, which allows one to determine the width (energy spreading) of the conduction and valence band tail states separately.
A qualitative study identifying the cost categories associated with electronic health record implementation in the UK (2014)

Improving the quality and safety of patient care through EHR adoption is a priority area for UK and US governments and policy makers worldwide. With cost considered one of the most significant barriers, it is important for hospitals and governments to be clear from the outset of the major cost categories involved and the factors that may impact on these costs. Failure to adequately train staff or to follow key steps in implementation has preceded many of the failures in this domain, which can create new safety hazards.
Experimental Silastic Implants in Small Joints (1971)

Assistant Clinical Professor of Orthopaedics, Medical College of Virginia, 2222 Monument Avenue, Richmond, Va. 23220
16-Bit Wave-Pipelined Sparse-Tree RSFQ Adder (2012)

In this paper, we discuss the architecture, design, and testing of the first 16-bit asynchronous wave-pipelined sparse-tree superconductor rapid single flux quantum adder implemented using the ISTEC 10 kA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ADP2.1 fabrication process. Compared to the Kogge-Stone adder, our parallel-prefix sparse-tree adder has better energy efficiency with significantly reduced complexity (at the expense of latency) and almost no decrease in operation frequency. The 16-bit adder core (without SFQ-to-dc and dc-to-SFQ converters) has 9941 Josephson junctions occupying an area of 8.5 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . It is designed for the target operation frequency of 30 GHz with the expected latency of 352 ps at the bias voltage of 2.5 mV. The adder chip was fabricated and successfully tested at low frequency for all test patterns with measured bias margins of +9.8%/-10.7%.
Bark beetles associated with killed Virginia pine (Pinus virginiana Mill.) in Patrick County, Virginia (1972)

Killed Virginia pine, (Pinus virginiana Mill.), held in the vertical position, attracted 99.65 percent of the insects in the families Scolytidae, Cerambycidae, Curculionidae, and Buprestidae. The remaining 0.35 percent were collected from nontreated control trees. The dominant insect species were analyzed regarding seasonal abundance and specificity in selecting suitable host material.