gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multiphonon relaxation in low phonon-energy Pr3+ glasses (1993)

Recently there has been a great deal of interest in optical fibre amplifiers and lasers operating in the 1.3 µm wavelength telecommunications window; for this application, Pr3+-doped low phonon-energy glasses have attracted a great deal of attention. In these glasses the lifetime of the metastable level is dominated by non-radiative relaxations, of which the two most important processes are multiphonon decay and concentration quenching. The doping levels are thus limited by the need to avoid the latter; while the former effectively determines the lifetime in lightly-doped glasses. The aim of this work has been to investigate the crucial parameters which control the multiphonon decay rate in low phonon-energy glasses and their dependence on glass constituents.
Simulation of process and resource management in a multiprogramming operating system (1990)

WC describe PRMS an animated simulation of process and resource management in a multi-programming operating system. PRMS was developed to illustrate important operating system concepts including process creation, process state transition, context switching, process scheduling, resource scheduling, interrupt handling, and deadlock detection and recovery. The users write their own, programs in a specified format, submit these to the system for execution, and monitor "behind the scenes" mechanisms and the behavior of the system on the screen. In addition to illustrating and reinforcing operating system concepts, PRMS can also be used for course projects by having the students change an algorithm such as the CPU scheduling algorithm or memory management scheme or add new features such as device interrupts to the system.
A novel tunable dual-band bandstop filter (DBBSF) using spurlines with a stepped impedance resonator (2017)

This paper presents a novel circuit structure of a compact tunable dual-band bandstop filter (DBBSF). This design combines two controllable traditional approaches in one filter: spurline section and stepped impedance resonator at 2.4 GHz and 3.5 GHz respectively. This filter was loaded with p-n junction varactors and tunable barium strontium titanate (Ba <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.7</sub> Sr <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.3</sub> TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> , BST) ferroelectric capacitor to tune their frequency response. The center frequency of the first stop band can be tuned from 2.1GHz to 2.4 GHz by loading a varactor diode on the spurline section. By loading the stepped impedance resonator (SIR) with a similar varactor, the center frequency of the second stopband can be tuned from 3.5 GHz to 4.48 GHz. The center frequency of the first band can be tuned from 1.9 GHz to 1.99 GHz by loading the ferroelectric capacitor to spurline section by applying a DC control voltage from 0 V to 6 V. By embedding the stepped impedance resonator with a similar ferroelectric capacitor, the center frequency of the second band can be tuned from 3.3 GHz to 3.54 GHz with a DC control voltage from 0 V to 6 V.
Electrofacies Characterization and Permeability Predictions in Complex Reservoirs (2002)

Summary We propose a two-step approach to permeability prediction from well logs that uses nonparametric regression in conjunction with multivariate statistical analysis. First, we classify the well-log data into electrofacies types. This classification does not require any artificial subdivision of the data population; it follows naturally based on the unique characteristics of well-log measurements reflecting minerals and lithofacies within the logged interval. A combination of principal components analysis (PCA), model-based cluster analysis (MCA), and discriminant analysis is used to characterize and identify electrofacies types. Second, we apply nonparametric regression techniques to predict permeability using well logs within each electrofacies. Three nonparametric approaches are examined—alternating conditional expectations (ACE), generalized additive model (GAM), and neural networks (NNET)—and the relative advantages and disadvantages are explored. We have applied the proposed technique to the Salt Creek Field Unit (SCFU), a highly heterogeneous carbonate reservoir in the Permian Basin, west Texas. The results are compared with three other approaches to permeability predictions that use data partitioning based on reservoir layering, lithofacies information, and hydraulic flow units (HFUs). An examination of the error rates associated with discriminant analysis for uncored wells indicates that data classification based on electrofacies characterization is more robust compared to other approaches. For permeability predictions, the ACE model appears to outperform the other nonparametric approaches.
A high speed flat CORDIC based neuron with multi-level activation function for robust pattern recognition (2002)

Implementing Neural Networks in hardware has been a major problem due to the complexity involved in generating non-linear functions. The high hardware costs incurred in real time applications can be substantially reduced by adopting a suitable reuse methodology of the neurons. In addition, neurons with high speed of operation are necessitated to realise hardware efficient real time pattern recognition for images with higher resolution. In this regard, the response time and area of a neuron becomes critical in realising VLSI efficient neural networks. In this paper, the digital architecture of a multiple valued logic neuron has been proposed to realise a neural network implementation for real-time pattern recognition purposes. The proposed neuron uses a multilevel sigmoidal function as the activation function. Flat CORDIC, a new variation of the CORDIC algorithm, has been employed to generate the complex multi-level activation function in a VLSI efficient manner. The proposed neuron operates with a 200 MHz clock and has significant hardware and latency savings when compared to conventional CORDIC based neurons.
Renal Blood Flow in Acute Renal Failure Measured by Renal Arterial Infusion of Indocyanine Green (1963)

SummaryThe renal blood flow was measured by a constant infusion of indocyanine green into a renal artery in 8 patients with acute oliguric renal failure. There was an average reduction of renal blood flow to 40% of normal. Renal oxygen consumption was similarly reduced. However, renal arteriovenous oxygen content difference was not significantly altered from control values. In the recovery phase renal blood flow and oxygen consumption increased to 70% of normal. The persistence of renal failure in the acute oliguric phase could not therefore be explained by total reduction in renal blood flow as had previously been postulated.
Substrate Binding in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Reverse Transcriptase (1989)

Human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase (HIV-RT) exhibits a strong sensitivity to pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), a substrate-binding site directed reagent for DNA polymerases (Modak, M. J. (1976) Biochemistry 15, 3620-3626). Treatment of HIV-RT with PLP followed by sodium borohydride reduction of the enzyme-PLP adduct results in irreversible inactivation of polymerase activity while RNase H activity associated with HIV-RT is minimally affected. Kinetic studies indicate that the PLP inhibition is complex. Yet one of the sites of PLP action appears to be involved in the process of dNTP binding as judged by (a) competitive mode of inhibition and (b) blockage of PLP into enzyme protein by the addition of substrate dNTP. Furthermore, this site is the only PLP reactive site which is accessible to borohydride reduction. Comparative tryptic peptide mapping of enzyme treated with PLP under a variety of conditions permitted the identification of a PLP reactive site containing peptide. Furthermore, reactivity of this site was also blocked by inclusion of substrate dNTP and appropriate template-primer. The amino acid composition and sequence analysis of this peptide showed that a lysine residue present at position 263 in the primary amino acid sequence of HIV-RT is the site of PLP reactivity. We therefore conclude that lysine 263 serves as an important part of the dNTP-binding domain in HIV-RT.
Synthesis of Block Copolymers Containing Well-Defined Condensation Polymers and Possible Application to Novel Thermoplastic Elastomers (2003)

Thermoplastic elastomers containing condensation polymers have been produced as generally multiblock copolymers, not di- or triblock copolymers, because polycondensation proceeds in a step-growth polymerization manner, not in a chain-growth polymerization manner like living polymerization. We have recently developed novel polycondensation that propagates from an initiator in a chain-growth manner (chain-growth polycondensation) to yield condensation polymers with defined molecular weights and low polydispersities. This polycondensation method will open to an access to new thermoplastic elastomers made of triblock and star block copolymers containing well-defined condensation polymers as block units. Herein we describe the polycondensation for well-defined aromatic polyamides as an example of chain-growth polycondensation and the synthesis of block copolymers and star block copolymers, which consist of condensation polymers and general polymers such as polystylene and poly(ethylene glycol). Furthermore, its application to the synthesis of novel thermoplastic elastomers is also discussed.
Urban underserved program: an analysis of factors affecting practice outcomes. (2015)

Urban underserved communities have greater health disparities and less access to health care, and programs that promote and prepare students to enter practice in these communities can potentially impact the health of these populations.
CURVATURE OF SYNCHRONOUS BELT CORDS (1996)

The amount of curvature of synchronous belt cords was investigated to understand the fatigue failure mechanism of synchronous belts. At the first step, the curvatures of cords were measured under various mating conditions of belts and pulleys. Then, we analysed the amounts of curvature using a simple mechanical model. The belts used in this study were round-tooth (STPD) with 8mm tooth pitch for high torque drives of automotive engines. The cords were constructed from eleven stranded glass filaments. One stranded glass filament was made of 600 glass fibers. The processing compound of the cords was RFL.The distributions of curvature were measured along the belt axis. Though the distributions were different between driving and driven sides, the maximum amounts of curvature were almost equal at the both sides. Moreover, the experimental results clearly showed that the maximum amounts of curvature were almost directly proportional to the belt tight side tension, and were inversely proportional to the outside diameter of pulley.We then proposed a simple mechanical model to explain the experimental results. The effects of tight side tension and distributed loading at the working flank were considered in the model. The analytical results succesfully explained the experimental results.
Multi-scale interface design of strong and damage resistant hierarchical nanostructured materials (2020)

Synthesis of damage resistant nanostructured materials with high strength and fracture toughness is a challenging task. In this work, multi-scale interfaces were implemented into a hierarchical TiN/SiOx microstructure to mimic stepwise crack growth behaviour of the hard and damage resistant bivalve mollusc Saxidomus purpuratus shell. In situ micromechanical testing in scanning and transmission electron microscopes revealed multi-scale crack deflection events at grain boundaries of individual alternately-tilted TiN crystallites, at kinks of their repeatedly tilted columnar grains as well as crack interaction with perpendicular interfaces of elastic amorphous SiOx layers. These events induced an increase in the crack surface area, reduction of the crack driving force and dissipation of local stress and energy at the crack tip with subsequent crack slow-down or arrest, resulting in fracture toughness exceeding by ~200% the toughness of monolithic TiN nanoceramics. By this perspective biomimetic microstructural design, catastrophic failure of brittle ceramics may be turned into a predictable and controllable process increasing reliability of strong materials in various challenging safety-critical engineering applications. It also shows potential paths for the development of strong and simultaneously tough materials with high mechanical and thermal stability.
Prognostic value of the ECG on admission in patients with acute major pulmonary embolism (2005)

A number of ECG abnormalities can be observed in the acute phase of pulmonary embolism (PE). Their prognostic value has not yet been systematically studied in large patient populations. In 508 patients with acute major PE derived from a large prospective registry, the current authors assessed, on admission, the impact of specific pathological ECG findings on early (30-day) mortality. Atrial arrhythmias, complete right bundle branch block, peripheral low voltage, pseudoinfarction pattern (Q waves) in leads III and aVF, and ST segment changes (elevation or depression) over the left precordial leads, were all significantly more frequent in patients with a fatal outcome. Overall, 29% of the patients who exhibited at least one of these abnormalities on admission did not survive to hospital discharge, as opposed to only 11% of the patients without a pathological 12-lead ECG. Multivariate analysis revealed that the presence of at least one of the above ECG findings was, besides haemodynamic instability, syncope and pre-existing chronic pulmonary disease, a significant independent predictor of outcome. In conclusion, ECG may be a useful, simple, non-costly tool for initial risk stratification of patients with acute major pulmonary embolism.
Infrared Properties of Extragalactic HII Complexes (1983)

Many galaxies emit significantly more infrared radiation than expected as directly observable photospheric emission. This emission is not restricted solely, or even predominantly, to the galactic nuclei. Rather, where detailed observations exist, they indicate that pronounced emission often originates throughout the disks and especially in the more extended central regions which are distinct from the nuclei. The process which invariably dominates the emission at wavelengths longer than a few microns is radiation from heated dust. At shorter infrared wavelengths, nebular continuum and line radiation, as well as the stellar photospheres, has been observed. In many cases, this emission has been unambiguously associated with HII complexes. In this review, we focus first on infrared observations of relatively isolated giant HII complexes in the LMC and the spiral arms of M33 and Ml01. We then examine complexes which extend over several kiloparsecs near the galaxian centers. We will not consider the large body of data on extragalactic infrared emission which, although surely relevant to our discussion, is not straightforwardly attributable to HII complexes rather than unusual phenomena in the nuclei (see Rieke and Lebofsky 1979).
Evaluating group-based relevance feedback for content-based image retrieval (2004)

New relevance feedback algorithms have been developed for content-based image retrieval (CBIR) that allow the user to achieve more flexible query. In conjunction with the new user interface, called group-oriented user interface, the user's interest can be expressed with multiple groups of positive and negative image examples. This provides users with greater flexibility as compared with previous systems that consider image query as one or two-class problems. In this paper, we analyze our new algorithm qualitatively and quantitatively. For comparison with previous approaches, the systems are tested on both toy problems and real image retrieval tasks. From the results of our experiments, we suggest when and how our algorithm has advantages over the previous methods.
Meta-MAC protocols: automatic combination of MAC protocols to optimize performance for unknown conditions (2000)

A systematic and automatic method to dynamically combine any set of existing MAC protocols into a single higher layer, or meta-MAC protocol, is presented. The new approach makes it possible to always achieve the performance of the best component protocol, without knowing in advance which protocol will match the potentially changing and unpredictable network conditions. Moreover, this dynamic optimization is entirely automatic and runs without any centralized control or any exchange of messages, using only local network feedback information. We describe the method and prove that the resulting meta-MAC protocol achieves optimal performance in a well-defined sense. Through simulation on different types of networks and with different component MAC protocols, we demonstrate that our simple and practical combination algorithm yields highly adaptive and scalable MAC solutions.
Selective partial hydrogenation of hydroxy aromatic derivatives with palladium nanoparticles supported on hydrophilic carbon (2008)

Selective hydrogenation of phenol to cyclohexanol in the aqueous phase was achieved using a new catalytic system based on palladium particles supported on hydrophilic carbon prepared by one-pot hydrothermal carbonisation.
Effects of Processing on the Supplemental Protein Value of Distillers Byproducts in Forage Diets (1985)

Five abomasal-cannulated wether lambs (25 kg) were used in a 5 × 5 Latin square arrangement of treatments to compare the supplemental protein value of unprocessed, fresh wet corn stillage (WCS) with that of centrifuge-processed wet distillers grains (WDG), distillers dried grains with solubles (DDG-S) and WCS that had been used to reconstitute and ensile early-bloom Kenhy tall fescue hay (EWCS). Each lamb received 530 g/d of dry matter (DM) as fescue hay (F) alone (negative control) or with sufficient byproduct DM to achieve daily nitrogen (N) intakes of 9.1 and 13.1 g, respectively, for the negative control and byproduct-supplemented treatments. Single degree of freedom contrasts were used to evaluate the effects of supplementation (F vs all supplements), solubles removal (WCS vs WDG), drying (WCS vs DDG-S) and ensiling (WCS vs EWCS). Apparent total tract DM digestibility was lower (P<.05) for EWCS than WCS (46.8 vs 52.5%), primarily due to lower cell wall digestibility (46.4 vs 52.6%). Supplementation increased (P<.05) abomasal flow of undegraded feed N (6.0 vs 4.4 g/d), apparent total tract N digestibility (62.3 vs 53.3%) and N retention (2.8 vs .9 g/d). Abomasal flow of undegraded feed N was greater (P<.05) and N retention was lower (P<.05) for EWCS than WCS (7.0 vs 5.4 and 1.6 vs 3.0 g/d, respectively). Abomasal microbial N flow was greater (P<.10) for WCS than processed byproduct treatments (5.2 vs 4.0 g/d); microbial crude protein synthesized in the rumen per 100 g organic matter (OM) fermented (corrected for microbial OM) averaged 9.7 g across all treatments. Ruminal degradability of feed N was similar (P>.10) among diets containing WCS, DDG-S and WDG (60.3, 57.6 and 53.1%, respectively), but was lower (P<.05) for EWCS (46.7%) than WCS. Reconstituting and ensiling forage with WCS enables long-term storage of wet byproduct and spares energy costs of producing DDG-S, but detracts from the feeding value of the same mixture blended fresh daily as evidenced by lower (P<.05) N retention in growing lambs.
Cloning, characterization and expression of cDNA containing major histocompatibility complex class I, IIalpha and IIbeta genes of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus (2004)

The nucleotide sequences of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) cDNA, classical MHC class Iα, non-classical MHC class Iβ, MHC class IIα and IIβ, were determined. The domain structures and antigen binding motifs of vertebrate MHC are conserved in the Japanese flounder MHC. A phylogenetic analysis supports the classification of these genes into class I and class II MHC. Classical MHC class Iα was ubiquitously expressed, whereas the non-classical MHC class Iβ was expressed mainly in lymphoid organs, gills, intestine and stomach. The MHC classes IIα and IIβ were also ubiquitously expressed.
CO2 Corrosion in Bromide and Formate Well-Completion Brines (2005)

Abstract Corrosivity data for halide and formate well brines that have been acidifies as a concequence of influx of large amounts of acid gas has been requested. The well materials C-steel, standard 13%Cr steel and Super 13%Cr steel were corrosion tested in potassium formate and CaBr2 brines acidified with CO2 gas, simulating a well situation with influx of acid gas. The acidification resulted in an initial accelerated corrosion of C-steel in both solutions, reduced to low levels by time due to formation of a protective iron-carbonate layer. Both C-steel and standard 13%Cr steel were attacked by severe localised corrosion in the bromide brine, whereas only limited general corrosion was developed in the formate brine. Super 13%Cr was uncorroded in both brines.
A microstructured reactor system for the methanol dehydrogenation to water-free formaldehyde (2000)

LGRC
Metamaterials for optical and photonic applications for space: preliminary results (2011)

The European Space Agency (ESA) in the frame of its General Study Program (GSP) has started to investigate the opportunity of using metamaterials in space applications. In that context, ESA has initiated two GSP activities which main objectives are 1) to identify the metamaterials and associated optical properties which could be used to improve in the future the performances of optical payloads in space missions, 2) to design metamaterial based devices addressing specific needs in space applications. The range of functions for metamaterials to be investigated is wide (spectral dispersion, polarisation control, light absorption, straylight control...) and so is the required spectral range, from 0.4μm to 15μm. In the frame of these activities several applications have been selected and the designs of metamaterial based devices are proposed and their performances assessed by simulations.