gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Regulation of the human α2(1) procollagen gene by sequences adjacent to the CCAAT box (1997)

The human, rat, mouse and chicken alpha 2(1) procollagen promoters analysed to date all contain an inverted CCAAT box at -80. In this study we have examined the binding of nuclear proteins to the proximal promotor of the human alpha 2(1) procollagen gene, where an inverted CCAAT box is flanked by a downstream GGAGG sequence and its inverted counterpart (CCTCC) on the upstream end. Each of the GGAGG sequences is separated from the inverted CCAAT box by a single pyrimidine nucleotide (5'-CCTCCCATTGGTGGAGGCCCTTTT-3'). Electrophoretic mobility-shift assays (EMSAs) revealed that two distinct DNA-protein complexes formed on this DNA sequence. Methylation interference analysis and in vitro mutagenesis studies revealed that the integrity of the sequence 5'-CCTCCCATTGG-3' (the GGAGG/CCAAT-binding element or G/CBE) was important for the binding of the CCAAT-binding factor (CBF) (complex I). Competition studies showed that complex formation on the human G/CBE could be competed by mouse CBE and nuclear factor-Y (NF-Y) oligonucleotides, suggesting that mouse CBE and human G/CBE-binding proteins belong to the same family of CCAAT box binding proteins. Furthermore, antibodies to mouse CBF specifically supershifted the G/CBE complex (complex I) in EMSAs. The downstream GGAGG and 3'-flanking sequences (5'-GGAGGCCCTTTT-3') or collagen modulating element (CME), however, were important for the formation of a novel DNA protein complex (complex III). The formation of this complex was not competed out by CBE or NF-Y oligonucleotides, nor was DNA-protein complex formation affected by the anti-CBF antibody. Functional analysis of G/CBE and CME elements subjected to mutagenesis, using promoter-chloroamphenicol acetyl transferase constructs in transient transfection assays, showed that both these elements were essential for activity of the human promoter. These experiments identified a novel regulatory element in the human alpha 2(1) procollagen gene which is not present in the rodent gene.
J. Vialatoux, La Cité de Hobbes. Théorie de l'Etat totalitaire. Essai sur la conception naturaliste de la civilisation (1936)

Legrand Xavier. J. Vialatoux, La Cité de Hobbes. Théorie de l'Etat totalitaire. Essai sur la conception naturaliste de la civilisation. In: Revue néo-scolastique de philosophie. 39ᵉ année, Deuxième série, n°51, 1936. pp. 409-410.
Strain balanced quantum posts for intermediate band solar cells (2010)

In this work we present strain balanced InAs quantum post of exceptional length in the context of photovoltaics. We discuss the general properties of these nanostructures and their impact in the practical implementation of an intermediate band solar cell. We have studied the photocurrent generated by strain balanced quantum posts embedded in a GaAs single crystal, and compared our results with quantum dot based devices. The incorporation of phosphorous in the matrix to partially compensate the accumulated stress enables a significant increase of the quantum post maximum length. The relative importance of tunneling and thermal escape processes is found to depend strongly on the geometry of the nanostructures.
Benefits of pre-curved electrode arrays for the Nucleus multichannel cochlear implant [Abstract] (1998)

The purpose of the study was to evaluate whether placement of an electrode closer to the modiolus would provide a more efficient interface with the auditory nerve. A pre-curved, banded 22-electrode array has been developed. Following comprehensive safety studies, the array was inserted in three adult patients. Detailed x-ray analyses have been conducted to specify the positions of the electrode bands. Psychophysical studies have been conducted, within each subject, using electrodes which lie at differing distances from the modiolus. These studies have shown that as the distance from the modiolus decreased, electrode threshold currents decreased and dynamic ranges increased. Thresholds were lower than in a comparison group of standard array users. Forward masking studies showed current spread to be more focused at the electrodes lying closer to the modiolus. Electrode discrimination was also better at electrodes closer to the modiolus. JND for loudness, expressed as a function of dynamic range also decreased in this condition. Thus, a preliminary profile of the parameters of interest, for an improved implant design, suggest that an array which lies closer to the modiolus can result in lower current requirements and a more localised pattern of neural excitation.
Inversion of regional surface-wave spectra for source parameters of aftershocks from the 1992 Petrolia earthquake sequence (1995)

Abstract Regional distance surface waves are used to study the source parameters for moderate-size aftershocks of the 25 April 1992 Petrolia earthquake sequence. The Cascadia subduction zone had been relatively seismically inactive until the onset of the mainshock (Ms = 7.1). This underthrusting event establishes that the southern end of the North America-Gorda plate boundary is seismogenic. It was followed by two separate and distinct large aftershocks (Ms = 6.6 for both) occurring at 07:41 and 11:41 on 26 April, as well as thousands of other small aftershocks. Many of the aftershocks following the second large aftershock had magnitudes in the range of 4.0 to 5.5. Using intermediate-period surface-wave spectra, we estimate focal mechanisms and depths for one foreshock and six of the larger aftershocks (Md = 4.0 to 5.5). These seven events can be separated into two groups based on temporal, spatial, and principal stress orientation characteristics. Within two days of the mainshock, four aftershocks (Md = 4 to 5) occurred within 4 hr of each other that were located offshore and along the Mendocino fault. These four aftershocks comprise one group. They are shallow, thrust events with northeast-trending P axes. We interpret these aftershocks to represent internal compression within the North American accretionary prism as a result of Gorda plate subduction. The other three events compose the second group. The shallow, strike-slip mechanism determined for the 8 March foreshock (Md = 5.3) may reflect the right-lateral strike-slip motion associated with the interaction between the northern terminus of the San Andreas fault system and the eastern terminus of the Mendocino fault. The 10 May aftershock (Md = 4.1), located on the coast and north of the Mendocino triple junction, has a thrust fault focal mechanism. This event is shallow and probably occurred within the accretionary wedge on an imbricate thrust. A normal fault focal mechanism is obtained for the 5 June aftershock (Md = 4.8), located offshore and just north of the Mendocino fault. This event exhibits a large component of normal motion, representing internal failure within a rebounding accretionary wedge. These two aftershocks and the foreshock have dissimilar locations in space and time, but they do share a north-northwest oriented P axis.
Erratum: Engineering the phase speed of surface plasmon wave at the planar interface of a metal and a chiral sculptured thin film (2009)

Abstract Originally published Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50:1966–1970, 2008. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 2524, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24663
Epitaxial growth of ultrathin vanadyl-naphthalocyanine films on RbI, KI and KBr (1994)

Ultrathin films of vanadyl-naphthalocyanine (VONc) have been prepared on the (001) faces of RbI, KI, and KBr by molecular beam epitaxy. Molecular arrangements were determined by reflection high-energy electron diffraction. VONc molecules form square lattices ( square root 10* square root 10-R+or-18.4 degrees ) on these substrates. The lattices are commensurate to the substrates and the intermolecular distance varies from 1.64 nm on RbI to 1.48 nm on KBr, in keeping with the lattice constant of the substrates. The position of the molecules is primarily determined by electrostatic interaction between molecules and the substrates. VONc molecules stay on the surface via electrostatic interaction and steric hindrance between projecting naphthalene rings is avoided by minimizing the van der Waals interaction between molecules.
Minireview: Nutrient Sensing by G Protein-Coupled Receptors (2013)

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are membrane proteins that recognize molecules in the extracellular milieu and transmit signals inside cells to regulate their behaviors. Ligands for many GPCRs are hormones or neurotransmitters that direct coordinated, stereotyped adaptive responses. Ligands for other GPCRs provide information to cells about the extracellular environment. Such information facilitates context-specific decision making that may be cell autonomous. Among ligands that are important for cellular decisions are amino acids, required for continued protein synthesis, as metabolic starting materials and energy sources. Amino acids are detected by a number of class C GPCRs. One cluster of amino acid-sensing class C GPCRs includes umami and sweet taste receptors, GPRC6A, and the calcium-sensing receptor. We have recently found that the umami taste receptor heterodimer T1R1/T1R3 is a sensor of amino acid availability that regulates the activity of the mammalian target of rapamycin. This review focuses on an array of findings on sensing amino acids and sweet molecules outside of neurons by this cluster of class C GPCRs and some of the physiologic processes regulated by them.
Waveform Diversity for Different Multistatic Radar Configurations (2007)

The multistatic ambiguity function has recently been proposed as a tool for analyzing and designing multistatic radar systems. It was demonstrated through examples that multistatic radar system performances can be improved by shaping the multistatic ambiguity function through waveform selection and adequate weighting of different receivers during pre-detection fusion. In this work we study sensor repositioning as a third way of shaping the multistatic ambiguity function. We provide some preliminary simulation results that illustrate how significant improvements in radar system performances can be achieved by combining waveform selection, receiver weighting and sensor placement strategies. These results can serve as a guideline for future multistatic fusion rule development.
Experiences from Auditory Brainstem Implantation (ABIs) in four paediatric patients (2016)

ABI should be considered as an option in the rehabilitation of children with similar diagnoses.
SHH mutation is associated with solitary median maxillary central incisor: A study of 13 patients and review of the literature (2001)

Solitary median maxillary central incisor (SMMCI) or single central incisor is a rare dental anomaly. It has been reported in holoprosencephaly (HPE) cases with severe facial anomalies or as a microform in autosomal dominant HPE (ADHPE). In our review of the literature, we note that SMMCI may also occur as an isolated finding or in association with other systemic abnormalities. These anomalies include short stature, pituitary insufficiency, microcephaly, choanal atresia, midnasal stenosis, and congenital nasal pyriform aperture stenosis. SMMCI can also be a feature of recognized syndromes or associations or a finding in patients with specific chromosomal abnormalities. We performed a molecular study on a cohort of 13 SMMCI patients who did not have HPE. We studied two genes, Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) and SIX3, in which mutations have been reported in patients showing SMMCI as part of the HPE spectrum. A new missense mutation in SHH (I111F), segregating in one SMMCI family, was identified. Our results suggest that this mutation may be specific for the SMMCI phenotype since it has not been found in the HPE population or in normal controls. Published 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Effect of Different Doses of Prostaglandin E<sub>1</sub> on Free Fatty Acids of Plasma, Blood Glucose and Heart Rate in the Nonanesthetized Dog Prostaglandin and related factors 53 (1966)

Abstract Prostaglandin E 1 (PGE 1 ) was infused i.v., in doses of 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.6 μg/kg/min during 30 min in different experiments into nonanesthetized dogs. The smallest dose, 0.2 μg/kg/min, produced a consistent and reproducible increase in venous plasma levels of free fatty acids (FFA). The mean venous plasma level of glycerol showed the same type of response but the rise was not statistically significant. The higher doses of PGE 1 lowered the plasma levels of FFA and glycerol, the highest dose tending to produce the most marked decrease. The average concentration of blood glucose increased at all dose levels but only statistically significant at 0.8 μg/kg/min. The heart rate increased when 0.2–0.8 μg/kg/min of PGE 1 was given. With the highest dose, 1.6 μg/kg/min, the heart rate either tended to increase to a lesser extent or decreased. The increase in plasma levels of FFA and glycerol as well as the increase in heart rate induced by 0.2 μg/kg/min of PGE 1 were abolished after administration of a sympathetic ganglionic blocking agent. The possibility is discussed that PGE 1 not only has a direct inhibitory effect on FFA mobilization from adipose tissue, but may in addition, at low infusion rates, enhance lipid mobilization due to a stimulation of sympathetic nervous activity.
Fatigue tests on aluminium alloy lugs with special reference to fretting (1962)

To understand gene function in developing vertebrate embryos, co-injection of an mRNA for a reporter protein and an mRNA for a testing factor is widely used. However, because of the mosaic segregation of injected nucleic acids during early embryogenesis, whether both mRNAs are translated in the same cell remains uncertain. In the present study, we tested a new system of tracing the expression of a testing gene in zebrafish using an internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) to express two proteins from the same mRNA template, thus eliminating the problem of independent translation observed in co-injection essays. A DNA construct was made for synthesizing bicistronic mRNA for NeuroD, a neurogenic transcription factor, and the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) reporter. When the bicistronic mRNA for NeuroD and EGFP was injected into zebrafish embryos at one cell stage, all EGFP-expressing embryos showed ectopic expression of neuroD mRNA and the mRNA of its potential downstream gene, islet-1. Thus, the IRES bicistronic mRNA construct might be a more convincing means of analyzing gene function in developing zebrafish embryos.
Effects of hydrogen fluoride fumigation of bean plants on the growth, development, and reproduction of the Mexican bean beetle (1973)

The growth and behavior of Mexican bean beetle populations on control and hydrogen fluoride-fumigated bean plants (P. vulgaris L.) were investigated to assess the effects of such fumigation on beetle growth, development and reproduction. Beetles that were cultured on HF-fumigated plants were generally lighter than controls, although the occurrence and magnitude of this effect depended upon stage of development, age, and sex of the adult beetle and the number of generations of culture on HF-fumigated plants. A consistently decreased mass of larvae cultured on HF-fumigated tissue pupated and enclosed three to six days later than controls, and the adults commenced reproductive activity with the same lag in time. Beetles cultured on the fumigated plants also contained greater amounts of fluoride than the controls, and the fluoride content of females was greater than that of males on both HF-fumigated and control plants. Beetles raised on fumigated plants laid fewer egg masses and fewer eggs per mass, although when the first generation was repeated at a later date there was no significant effect. Feeding activity was reduced in both larval and adult stages in beetles cultured on the fumigated plants, and adults showed less flight activity than controls. A difference in color of the elytra was also noted; beetles on HF-fumigated plants were paler than controls.
Pressure-induced phase transitions of the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Li</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Al</mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">D</mml:mi><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>system (2005)

Compression of the $\mathrm{Li}\mathrm{Al}{\mathrm{D}}_{4}$ system has been studied using in situ time-of-flight neutron diffraction up to $7.15\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{GPa}$ and $60\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\mathrm{C}$. At ambient temperature $({T}_{a})$, the structure remains as monoclinic $\ensuremath{\alpha}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Li}\mathrm{Al}{\mathrm{D}}_{4}$ up to $7.05\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{GPa}$, displaying a 26.9% reduction in unit cell volume to $200.9\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{\AA{}}}^{3}$, yielding a 28.7% increase in volumetric efficiency to $136.5\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kg}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{D}}_{2}∕{\mathrm{m}}^{3}$. Decompression to a small $3\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\text{ton}$ load at ${T}_{a}$ and holding for $24\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\text{hours}$ did not induce any phase transformation, and the starting $0\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{GPa}$ $\ensuremath{\alpha}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Li}\mathrm{Al}{\mathrm{D}}_{4}$ structure was eventually recovered. Heating from ${T}_{a}$ to $60\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\mathrm{C}$ while under compression to $7.15\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{GPa}$ produces new and intense reflections in the diffraction pattern, while also retaining $\ensuremath{\alpha}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Li}\mathrm{Al}{\mathrm{D}}_{4}$ reflections, indicating a two-phase $\ensuremath{\alpha}∕\ensuremath{\beta}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Li}\mathrm{Al}{\mathrm{D}}_{4}$ mixture. The $\ensuremath{\beta}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Li}\mathrm{Al}{\mathrm{D}}_{4}$ structure indexed from this data is in the monoclinic space group $I2∕b$, with unit cell dimensions $a=4.099(3)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{\AA{}}$, $b=4.321(4)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{\AA{}}$, $c=10.006(7)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{\AA{}}$, $\ensuremath{\gamma}=88.43(2)\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$, yielding a volumetric efficiency of $151.2\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kg}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{D}}_{2}∕{\mathrm{m}}^{3}$. The atomic arrangement in $I2∕b$ is identical to that in the theoretically predicted $I{4}_{1}∕a$ super group, with isolated symmetric $\mathrm{Al}{\mathrm{D}}_{4}$ tetrahedra displaying $\mathrm{Al}\mathrm{D}$ distances of $1.545(2)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{\AA{}}$. Once again, decompression and cooling recovers the ambient $\ensuremath{\alpha}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Li}\mathrm{Al}{\mathrm{D}}_{4}$ structure.
Human cytomegalovirus increases modified low density lipoprotein uptake and scavenger receptor mRNA expression in vascular smooth muscle cells. (1996)

Evidence suggests a possible role for human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in the development of arteriosclerosis. One of the earliest events in plaque formation is the accumulation of lipid-laden foam cells, derived from macrophages and smooth muscle cells (SMCs). The lipid accumulation that occurs depends upon the uptake of oxidized LDL (Ox-LDL), a process in which the scavenger receptor (SR) has been postulated to play an important role. We therefore examined the effects of HCMV on this process. We demonstrate that HCMV infection of human SMCs increases modified LDL uptake and stimulates class A SR gene (SR-A) mRNA expression. In addition, infection of rat SMCs with HCMV, which causes immediate early gene expression (IE72/IE84), but no early or late HCMV gene products and no cytopathic effects, also increases SMC uptake of Ox-LDL and acetylated LDL, with either effect blocked by an excess of either cold Ox-LDL or acetylated-LDL, and by fucoidin, an SR competitor. Cotransfection of an IE72, but not an IE84, expression plasmid and a plasmid containing a Class A SR promoter/reporter gene construct enhances SR promoter activity. Since increased Ox-LDL uptake is believed to play an important role in arteriosclerosis, these results provide a link between HCMV infection and arteriosclerotic plaque formation. (
hDectin-1 Is Involved in the Uptake of Apoptotic and Infected Cells and Mediates Cross-Presentation of Engulfed Antigens. (2005)

Abstract Dectin-1 is a member of the c-type-lectin-like receptor family that was shown to be the major receptor for fungal beta-glucans and to play an important role in the cellular responses mediated by these carbohydrates. In the present study we identified the hDectin-1b splice variant as the major isoform expressed in in vitro generated mDC using a quantitative RT-PCR and western blot analysis. Interestingly, stimulation of immature DC with the toll like receptor ligands Poly I:C (TLR3) or LPS (TLR4) but not with TLR ligands 2 and 7 or TNF-a led to a dramatic down regulation of hDectin-1 protein expression. To further analyze the possible involvement of Dectin-1 in the phagocytosis of cellular material we recombinantly expressed the extracellular domain (ECD) of hDectin-1b and used it to stain tumor cells. The recombinant ECD showed a specific binding to several human tumor cell lines that could be increased by induction of apoptosis in malignant cells and inhibited by incubation of the extracellular domain with zymosan, a crude cell wall extract of saccharomyces cerevisiae. Furthermore, uptake of tumor cells by immature mDC was reduced by zymosan or the presence of the recombinant Dectin-1 in phagocytosis assays suggesting that Dectin-1 is involved in the engulfement of tumor cells by DC. In line with the expression analysis of hDectin-1, we found that phagocytosis of apoptotic cells was dramatically reduced upon stimulation of DCs with Poly I:C or LPS as compared to immature DC or DC activated with TLR2 or 7 ligands. We next analysed the role of Dectin-1 in the cross-presentation of cell derived antigens and used DC that were incubated with CMV infected fibroblasts and an autologous CTL line specific for the HLA-A2 binding pp65 peptide. Stimulation of CMV peptide specific CTL in ELIspot assays by DC that were incubated with CMV infected fibroblasts efficiently stimulated IFN-gamma secretion that could be inhibited by zymosan and the extracellular domain of Dectin-1. In line with the results from phagocytosis assays stimulation of CMV specific CTL was reduced by stimulation of DC with TLR2 and 4 ligands. Our results identify hDectin-1 as a new receptor for endogenous ligands on mammalian cells and indicate an important role of this molecule in the clearing of apoptotic and infected cells and cross-presentation of cell derived antigens..
751. Aconitum and delphinium alkaloids. Part III. Some rearrangements in the delpheline and lycoctonine series. A monobasic dicarboxylic acid (1956)

R. C. Cookson and M. E. Trevett, J. Chem. Soc., 1956, 3864 DOI: 10.1039/JR9560003864
Clonal Multiplication of<i>Rehmannia glutinosa</i> (1983)

Key Word Index Rehmannia glutinosa - Scrophulariaceae - Regeneration - Shoot tip tissue culture - Clonal multiplication - Phytohormone control