gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vocal Cord Dysfunction Presenting as “Steroid-Dependent” Asthma (1997)

Objective: To describe a case of paroxysmal vocal cord dysfunction (PVCD) in a patient presenting with an initial diagnosis of severe asthma. Case Summary: A 42-year-old obese white woman with a 5-year history of severe asthma symptoms was referred to The Ohio State University Comprehensive Asthma Outpatient Clinic. The patient said she had experienced frequent “asthma attacks” despite increased use of multiple asthma medications. Additionally, she often required nebulization therapy with bronchodilators and supplemental oxygen, and had a variable response. During the clinic visit, the patient presented with clear airways uncharacteristic of a person with severe asthma. A diagnosis of PVCD was made on the basis of results of videolaryngostroboscopy, and asthma medications were gradually discontinued. Setting: The Ohio State University Comprehensive Asthma Outpatient Clinic. Discussion: Patients with PVCD often present with symptoms characteristic of asthma. As a result, misdiagnosis of severe asthma often occurs, and the patient undergoes unnecessary treatment. The cornerstone for diagnosis of PVCD is laryngoscopic viewing of the adducted vocal cord during an acute attack. Following diagnosis, treatment for PVCD includes a multidisciplinary approach that includes speech therapy and psychiatric counseling. Pharmacologic therapy in patients with pure PVCD is not required, thus preventing medication-related morbidity and associated costs. Conclusions: PVCD must be considered in patients who are refractory to asthma therapy and have dyspneic symptoms out of proportion to observed clinical findings. We suggest that all patients with episodes of acute asthma undergo objective testing to document acute airway obstruction. Oral corticosteroid therapy and treatment-associated morbidity can be avoided in patients with PVCD if the appropriate diagnosis is made early.
Carotenoid Accumulation in the Tissues of Zebra Finches: Predictors of Integumentary Pigmentation and Implications for Carotenoid Allocation Strategies (2009)

Carotenoid pigments produce the bright yellow to red ornamental colors of many animals, especially birds, and must ultimately be derived from the diet. However, they are also valuable for many physiological functions (e.g., antioxidants, immunostimulants, photoprotection, visual tuning, yolk nourishment to embryos), and as a result they are present in numerous internal body tissues (e.g., liver, adipose tissue, retina) whose carotenoid types and amounts are rarely studied in the context of color acquisition. Because male and female animals typically place different priorities on fitness-enhancing activities (e.g., gametic investment in females, sexual attraction in males), carotenoid allocation may track such investment patterns in the two sexes, and we can test for such sex-specific priorities of carotenoids by assessing body-tissue distributions of these pigments. We used high-performance liquid chromatography to identify and quantify carotenoid pigments from the plasma, liver, adipose tissue, and retina as well as the beak and legs of male and female zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata), a species in which males display sexually attractive, red, carotenoid-based beak coloration and females also display some (albeit a less rich orange) beak color. To our knowledge, this is the first study of the predictors of carotenoid-based leg coloration-another potentially important visual signal-in this species. The same suite of dietary (e.g., lutein, zeaxanthin, beta-cryptoxanthin) and metabolically derived (e.g., dehydrolutein, anhydrolutein) yellow and orange carotenoids was present in plasma, liver, and adipose tissue of both sexes. Retina contained two different metabolites (astaxanthin and galloxanthin) that serve specific functions in association with unique photoreceptor types in the eye. Beaks were enriched with four red ketocarotenoid derivatives in both sexes (alpha-doradexanthin, adonirubin, astaxanthin, and canthaxanthin), while the carotenoid profile of legs was similar to that of plasma/liver/adipose tissue but with the additional presence of canthaxanthin. Sex differences in beak coloration were attributable to different concentrations of all four red ketocarotenoids. Males also had more colorful legs than did females, and this color difference was due to the increased presence of canthaxanthin in males. Males had higher carotenoid concentrations in plasma and retina than did females, but females had higher carotenoid concentrations in liver and adipose tissue than did males. These patterns are consistent with the apparently different life-history strategies employed for carotenoids by adult males and females, with females prioritizing future access to carotenoids (in tissue stores for egg production) and males prioritizing current access (in circulation, for maintaining bright color and/or health).
A new approach to treat tissue destruction in periodontitis with chemically modified dextran polymers (2003)

Periodontitis are diseases of the supportive tissues of the teeth provoked by bacteria and characterized by gingival inflammation and bone destruction. We have developed a new strategy to repair tissues by administrating agents (RGTA) that mimic heparan sulfates by protecting selectively some of the growth factors naturally present within the injured tissue and interfering with inflammation. After periodontitis induction in hamsters, the animals were left untreated or received weekly i.m. injections of RGTA1507 at a dose of 100 microg/kg, 400 microg/kg, 1.5 mg/kg, or 15 mg/kg for 4 wk. RGTA treatment significantly reduced gingival tissue inflammation, thickened the pocket epithelium by increasing cell proliferation, and enhanced collagen accumulation in the gingiva. A marked reduction in bone loss was observed, resulting from depression of osteoclasia and robust stimulation of bone formation at the dose of 1.5 mg/kg. RGTA treatment for 8 wk at this dose reversed macroscopic bone loss, sharply contrasting with the extensive bone destruction in the untreated animals. RGTA treatment decreased gelatinase A (MMP-2) and B (MMP-9) pro-forms in gingival tissues. Our data indicate that a 4 wk treatment dose-dependently attenuated gingival and bone manifestations of the disease, whereas a longer treatment restored alveolar bone close to controls. By modulating and coordinating host responses, RGTA has unique therapeutic properties and is a promising candidate for the treatment of human periodontitis.
Inter-image statistics for scene reconstruction (2004)

This paper developed prior work which incrementally completes a sparse depth map based on inter-image statistics information. In that prior work, we have observed that pixel ordering of the incremental recovery is critical to the quality of the final results. In this paper we demonstrate improved performance using an information-driven recovery policy to determine this ordering. We have also observed that the reconstruction across depth discontinuities was often problematic as there was comparatively little constraint for probabilistic inference at those locations. Further, such locations are often identified with edges in both the range and intensity maps. We address this problem by deferring the reconstruction of voxels close to intensity or depth discontinuities, leading to improved results. We also show that color information can improve reconstruction quality. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the quality of the recover and to illustrate some new application domains such as deblurring and underwater scattering compensation.
Clinical Trial of Ipodate (1962)

SINCE ITS INTRODUCTION in 1952, intravenous cholangiography using sodium iodipamide (Cholografin) has become a valuable and reliable method for the diagnosis of biliary tract disease, particularly following cholecystectomy. However, besides the risk and inconvenience involved in any intravenous procedure, serious reactions with the use of iodipamide have been reported in up to 2.5% of examinations in some series, with lesser reactions ranging as high as 38.8%. Thus, an oral contrast medium which could offer comparable results to those obtained by the intravenous method would have obvious advantages. Ipodate (Oragrafin) is a new cholecystographic and cholangiographic medium for oral administration which is rapidly excreted by the liver in sufficient quantity to produce opacification in the cystic and common bile ducts. It is prepared as the sodium or calcium salt of 3-(dimethylaminomethylamino)-2, 4, 6-triiodohydrocinnamic acid, with an iodine content of 61%. The sodium salt is available in 0.5-gm. capsules, and the calcium
Instantaneous Frequency Operator (2008)

We propose a general quantum theory of optical phase and instantaneous frequency in the time domain for slowly varying optical signals. Guided by classical estimation theory, we design homodyne phase-locked loops that enable quantum-limited measurements of temporal phase and instantaneous frequency. Standard and Heisenberg quantum limits to such measurements are then derived. For optical sensing applications, we propose multipass and Fabry-Perot position and velocity sensors that take advantage of the signal-to-noise-ratio enhancement effect of wideband angle modulation without requiring nonclassical light. We also generalize our theory to three spatial dimensions for nonrelativistic bosons and define an Hermitian fluid velocity operator, which provides a theoretical underpinning to the current-algebra approach of quantum hydrodynamics.
ChemInform Abstract: New Heterocyclic Structures. (1,2,5)Thiadiazolo(3′,4′:4,5)pyrimido(2,1‐ b)(1,3)thiazine and Thiazolo(3,2‐a)(1,2,5)thiadiazolo(3,4‐d)pyrimidine. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Novel adaptive biasing amplifier (1983)

A novel adaptive biasing amplifier is presented. This amplifier with a very low standby power dissipation has a high driving capability and consumes less power than the previously presented adaptive biasing amplifiers.
Fundamental aspects and methods (1996)

Section 1. The Discovery of Anther Culture Technique for Production of Haploids - A Personal Reflection S. C. Maheshwari. Haploids in Plant Breeding G. S. Khush, S. S. Virmani. Reflections on Doubled Haploids in Plant Breeding P. S. Baenziger. Cytogenetics and Potentials of Haploidy in Forest Tree Genetics and Improvement S. Baldursson, M. R. Ahuja. Haploidy and Mutation Techniques M. Maluszynski et al. Cytological and Biochemical Aspects of in vitro Androgenesis in Higher Plants R. S. Sangwan, B. S. Sangwan-Norreel. Molecular and Biochemical Events During the Induction of Microspore Embryogenesis J. H. G. Cordewener et al. The Utility of Doubled Haploid Population for Studying the Genetic Control of Traits Determined by Recessive Alleles K. P. Pauls. Section 2. Anther Culture S. K. Sopory, M. Munshi. Influence of Ethylene in Microspore Embryogenesis T. Tiainen. Effect of Gelling Agents on Anther Culture E. K. Callenberg, L. B. Johnsson. Microspore Culture J. M. Dunwell. Ovary and Ovule Culture for Haploid Production E. R. J. Keller, L. Korzun. In Vitro Pollination and Fertilization S. S. Bhojwani, A. Raste. Irradiated Pollen for Haploid Production S. Sestila. Polyhaploid Production in the Triticeae by Sexual Hybridization A. Kazi-Mujeeb, O. Riera-Lizarazu. Conditional Lethal Markers: Spontaneous Haploid Selection in Plants C. Harlow et al. Methods to Double Haploid Chromosome Numbers P. S. Rao, P. Suprasanna.
Pulse Regulation Control Technique for Integrated High-Quality Rectifier-Regulators (2005)

The pulse regulation control scheme is presented and applied to the boost integrated flyback rectifier/energy storage dc/dc (BIFRED) converter as the most popular member of the integrated high-quality rectifier-regulators (IHQRR). In contrast to the conventional control techniques, the principal idea of pulse regulation is to regulate the output voltage using a series of high- and low-power pulses generated by the current of the input inductor, which is operating in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM). Analysis of the BIFRED converter operating in DCM is presented. Fundamentals of pulse regulation as well as its stability analysis and the estimation of the output voltage ripple are introduced. Experimental results on a prototype converter are also presented to validate the analytical and simulation results.
Neighbouring-group participation by ether oxygen in displacement reactions of 3α-substituted 2β,19-oxide-androstanes (1970)

F. Kohen, G. Adelstein and R. E. Counsell, J. Chem. Soc. D, 1970, 770 DOI: 10.1039/C29700000770
Blood pressure after renal transplantation. (2001)

Hypertension is extremely common in renal allograft recipients, mainly as the result of impaired renal function and cyclosporin A therapy. Blood pressure is a powerful independent predictor of longterm graft outcome. This adverse effect is presumably mediated by both hemodynamic and non-hemodynamic factors. There is also evidence for activation of the renin angiotensin system in the renal allograft. Antihypertensive treatment is of known benefit on graft outcome in experimental models, but this has so far not been documented in clinical trials. Proteinuria is another independent predictor of longterm graft outcome. There is recent documentation of a specific antiproteinuric effect of ACE inhibitors on proteinuria which is of interest since proteinuria is an independent predictor of longterm graft outcome.
Evidence for direct involvement of epirubicin in the formation of chromosomal translocations in t(15;17) therapy-related acute promyelocytic leukemia (2009)

Therapy-related acute promyelocytic leukemia (t-APL) with t(15;17)(q22;q21) involving the PML and RARA genes is associated with exposure to agents targeting topoisomerase II (topoII), particularly mitoxantrone and epirubicin. We previously have shown that mitoxantrone preferentially induces topoII-mediated DNA damage in a "hotspot region" within PML intron 6. To investigate mechanisms underlying epirubicin-associated t-APL, t(15;17) genomic breakpoints were characterized in 6 cases with prior breast cancer. Significant breakpoint clustering was observed in PML and RARA loci (P = .009 and P = .017, respectively), with PML breakpoints lying outside the mitoxantrone-associated hotspot region. Recurrent breakpoints identified in the PML and RARA loci in epirubicin-related t-APL were shown to be preferential sites of topoII-induced DNA damage, enhanced by epirubicin. Although site preferences for DNA damage differed between mitoxantrone and epirubicin, the observation that particular regions of the PML and RARA loci are susceptible to these agents may underlie their respective propensities to induce t-APL.
Noise parameter modeling of HEMTs with resistor temperature noise sources (2002)

We present a new model to describe the millimeter wave noise performance of MESFETs and HEMTs. The model is used to extrapolate the noise parameters in frequency range and to describe the noise behaviour over a wide range of bias points. The model is based on three uncorrelated noise sources located at the intrinsic transistor, which are assumed to show white spectral behaviour. The parameters of the model are determined from noise parameter measurements. The noise parameter extraction technique is straightforward and based on circuit simulation programs. The model is applied to several pseudomorphic and conventional HEMT structures and results are compared with data obtained from other models.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Stochastic task selection and renewable resource allocation (1989)

A class of renewable-resource-allocation problems is studied for the processing of dynamically arriving tasks with deterministic deadlines. The model presented explicitly considers time available, time required, resources available, resources required, stochastic arrivals of multiple types of tasks, importance of tasks, timeliness of processing, and accuracy of resource allocation. After state augmentation, the problem becomes a Markovian decision problem, and can be solved, at least in principle, by using a stochastic dynamic programming (SDP) method. Effects of key system parameters on optimal decisions are investigated and analyzed through numerical examples.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Association of the Folded Chromosome with the Cell Envelope of <i>Escherichia coli</i> : Nature of the Membrane-Associated DNA (1978)

Membrane-associated folded chromosomes isolated from Escherichia coli in the presence of spermidine sedimented at about 5,800S. The folded chromosome and the membrane fragment were each stable in the absence of the other; a 1,700S folded chromosome was obtained after removal of the membrane by a Sarkosyl treatment, and a 4,000S membrane fragment remained after digestion of the chromosomal DNA with deoxyribonuclease I. The interaction between the folded chromosome and the membrane fragment was stable, and, even when the DNA was unfolded, both components remained associated and cosedimented. The large frictional effect of the unfolded DNA reduced the sedimentation rate of the complex to about 2,000S. Partial removal of this unfolded DNA with restriction endonucleases caused the membrane fragments and the remaining associated DNA to sediment faster, at about 3,500S. The DNA remaining associated with the membrane fragments after restriction endonuclease treatment, about 4.5% of the total DNA when EcoRI was used, was indistinguishable from the DNA released from the membranes by three criteria: (i) DNA size distribution in agarose gels after electrophoresis, (ii) reassociation kinetics, and (iii) thermal elution from hydroxylapatite. This finding, that random DNA sequences rather than specific ones were responsible for the majority of the DNA-membrane interactions, argues against the folded chromosome's being a static structure with specific DNA sequences interacting with the cell envelope.
Eye-safety optimized launch for parallel fiber optic data links (2003)

A non-traditional laser transmitter launch methodology has been developed which optimizes the available launch power of the cable plant fiber per eye safety criteria instead of optimizing for coupling efficiency. Twelve-channel, 850 nm VCSELs are launched into parallel ribbon multimode optical fiber at a 13/spl deg/ angle which disproportionately weights the optical power in the higher order (angle) modes of the optical fiber. The impact of this mode profile change allows higher transmitted powers and relieves the transmitter optical budget for a given class of eye safety by as much as 3 dB.
Risk Factors for Local-Regional Recurrence Following Preoperative Radiation Therapy and Surgery for Head and Neck Cancer (Stage II–IVB) (2003)

Oral cavity cancer, advanced T or N stage of disease, and unsatisfactory margins were risk factors for LRR. A long interval (> or =7 weeks) was a risk factor for LRR in patients with lymph node involvement.
Cross-borehole fracture mapping using electromagnetic geotomography (1982)

The Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is evaluating high resolution geophysical techniques for characterization of nuclear waste repository sites. This report presents the results of the first phase of this project. We describe the evaluation of a new geophysical technique used to map fractures remotely between boreholes: electromagnetic geotomography used in conjunction with water tracers. Salt water is forced into the fractured rock mass, attenuating the high frequency electromagnetic waves used for probing. The locations in the rock where the salt water has induced signal losses are then mapped by geotomography. An experiment using this technique has been performed near Oracle, Arizona, in a granitic rock mass. The data obtained were reduced to gray level images, which show the calculated signal transmission properties of the rock mass. We analyzed these images and compared them with borehole geophysical data: neutron logs, acoustic velocity logs, caliper logs, and acoustic televiewer logs. Comparisons between the images and the borehole geophysical data suggest that geotomography has merit when used to map fracture in granite. Image anomalies, which can be indicative of fracturing along the borehole walls, usually coincide with geophysical log anomalies. Under the conditions of the Oracle experiment, available data indicate that clusters of fracture zones were detected. Single fractures were not detected. The thickness of the smallest recognizable fractured zone was 0.6 m (2 ft).
Fluorination with xenon difluoride. Reactions with 1,1-diphenylethylenes (1973)

Xenon difluoride reacts with 1,1-diphenylethylenes in the presence of hydrogen fluoride or trifluoroacetic acid as catalyst to form the corresponding 1,2-difluoroacetic acid as catalyst to form the corresponding 1,2-difluoro-1,1-diphenylethanes in nearly quantitative yields.
Diagnosis of <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> Type C Enteritis in Pigs using a DNA Amplification Technique (PCR) (1995)

Clostridium perfringens type C, which produces alpha- and beta-toxin, causes severe haemorrhagic and necrotic enteritis in animals and humans. A polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR) assay was developed for the specific detection of the genes encoding alpha-, beta-, epsilon- and entertoxin of C. perfringens for rapid typing of C. perfringens strains, and especially for the identification of type C strains. Both the alpha- and beta-toxin genes were detected directly in porcine C. perfringens type C cultures and also in type B and type C collection strains to a sensitivity of 10(3) cells without purification of the DNA. The alpha-toxin gene was detected in all types of C. perfringens. The epsilon-toxin gene was found in type B and type D, and the enterotoxin gene in some type A strains. Nine other species of Clostridium and a variety of intestinal pathogenic bacteria showed no signal for these toxin genes in this PCR assay. The alpha- and beta-toxin genes PCR assay were used to identify C. perfringens strains isolated from intestinal contents of 36 necropsied piglets that had suddenly died or died after premonitory signs of diarrhoea. At necropsy, 20 piglets showed necrotizing enteritis (15 acute and 5 chronic cases) and were suspected to have suffered from a C. perfringens type C infection. All of them had C. perfringens which gave a positive PCR signal for alpha- and beta-toxin genes, and, hence, were identified as type C strains. From the 16 other piglets with lesions other than necrotizing enteritis, C. perfringens strains with the alpha-toxin gene, but no beta-toxin gene, were isolated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Gaschromatographische und dünnschichtchromatographische Untersuchung von Fettsäuren: Die Anwendung von gepackten Glaskapillarsäulen zur Trennung von cis‐ und trans‐ungesättigten Fettsäuren (1977)

Abstract Zur quantitativen Erfassung von trans‐ und cis‐ungesättigten neben gesättigten Fettsäuren mittels Gaschromatographie wurden gepackte Glaskapillarsäulen verwendet. Die Fettsäuren wurden als Methylester nach Umesterung der zu untersuchenden Triglyceride analysiert. Die Umesterung der Fettsäure‐Glycerinester in Fettsäure‐Methylester konnte mit Hilfe von kurzen gc‐Säulen und mittels Dünnschichtchromatographie verfolgt werden.
Synthesis of bicyclic 1,3,5‐triazine‐2,4(3<i>H</i>)‐diones: Reaction of amidines with diphenyl iminodicarboxylate (1993)

Abstract The preparation of bicyclic 1,3,5‐triazine‐2,4(3 H )‐diones 3 has been investigated. Diphenyl iminodicarboxylate ( 2 ) reacted smoothly with cyclic amidines to give bicyclic triazinediones in good yields.