gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Las fibras de carbono como una alternativa para reforzamiento de estructuras (2016)

La razon de uso de las estructuras es para dar soporte, pero frente a situaciones durante su vida util o condiciones de uso extremas, puede ponerse en peligro su estabilidad. ?Como y cuando es necesario intervenir una estructura, cuando hay peligro de colapso?, ?cual es el limite de seguridad de una estructura? ?Que tipo de intervenciones se pueden realizar? La fibra de carbono se ha vuelto una alternativa de material de reforzamiento, definimos su produccion, conformacion, descubrimientos y en que se puede utilizar.
Genus-Wide Comparative Genomics of Malassezia Delineates Its Phylogeny, Physiology, and Niche Adaptation on Human Skin (2020)

Malassezia is a unique lipophilic genus in class Malasseziomycetes in Ustilaginomycotina, (Basidiomycota, fungi) that otherwise consists almost exclusively of plant pathogens. Malassezia are typically isolated from warm-blooded animals, are dominant members of the human skin mycobiome and are associated with common skin disorders. To characterize the genetic basis of the unique phenotypes of Malassezia spp., we sequenced the genomes of all 14 accepted species and used comparative genomics against a broad panel of fungal genomes to comprehensively identify distinct features that define the Malassezia gene repertoire: gene gain and loss; selection signatures; and lineage-specific gene family expansions. Our analysis revealed key gene gain events (64) with a single gene conserved across all Malassezia but absent in all other sequenced Basidiomycota. These likely horizontally transferred genes provide intriguing gain-of-function events and prime candidates to explain the emergence of Malassezia. A larger set of genes (741) were lost, with enrichment for glycosyl hydrolases and carbohydrate metabolism, concordant with adaptation to skin’s carbohydrate-deficient environment. Gene family analysis revealed extensive turnover and underlined the importance of secretory lipases, phospholipases, aspartyl proteases, and other peptidases. Combining genomic analysis with a re-evaluation of culture characteristics, we establish the likely lipid-dependence of all Malassezia. Our phylogenetic analysis sheds new light on the relationship between Malassezia and other members of Ustilaginomycotina, as well as phylogenetic lineages within the genus. Overall, our study provides a unique genomic resource for understanding Malassezia niche-specificity and potential virulence, as well as their abundance and distribution in the environment and on human skin.
Surveillance PET-CT Scanning Is Useful in the First 18 Months Following Completion of Therapy for Patients with Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma with IPI≥3. (2012)

Abstract Abstract 2652 Introduction Despite improvements in cure rates for patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), up to 40% relapse after achieving initial remission, mostly within 18 months from treatment. There is no consensus as to role, or most appropriate form of post-remission surveillance. Our aim was to explore the role of Positron Emission Tomography combined with computer tomography (PET-CT) scanning in the follow up of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) achieving complete metabolic response (CMR) after primary therapy, identify patterns of relapse and define a risk-adapted strategy. Results We included 116 patients with de novo DLBCL treated at our centre between 2002 and 2009 with a negative post-treatment PET-CT, and at least one surveillance PET-CT scan. International Prognostic Index (IPI) was <3 in 77 (66%) and ≥3 in 37 (32%) patients. With a median follow up of 53 months (range 8–133), 456 surveillance scans were performed (range 1–10 per patient). 13 patients (11%) relapsed, with an actuarial 5 year relapse free survival of 86%. Two-thirds of relapses occurred in the first 18 months following completion of treatment. In seven cases (54%), the relapse was suspected based on symptoms and in six (46%) the relapse was subclinical and detected with PET. There was no difference in survival (P=0.76) or second line IPI (P=1.00) between the groups, as the number of relapses was small. PET-CT had very high sensitivity (100%), specificity (98%) and negative predictive value (NPV, 100%) with positive predictive value (PPV) 56% in the cohort of patients with a low IPI (<3) compared with 80% if the IPI was ≥3. Across the entire cohort, the average number of patients in remission needed to scan to detect one subclinical relapse within the first 18 months was 42. However, for those with an IPI ≥3 the number needed to scan to detect one subclinical relapse was 22. Surveillance PET-CT had a very low yield after 18 months had elapsed from the conclusion of primary therapy (1 true positive among 170 scans). Interim response PET-CT was performed in 81 (70%) patients; achieving CMR was not a predictor of time to relapse (P=0.65) or having a positive surveillance scan, irrespective of IPI (P=1.00). Second malignancies were detected by PET-CT in eight patients (7%). Conclusion The achievement of CMR at the completion of primary therapy identifies a group of patients with favourable outlook and a low risk of relapse. Surveillance PET-CT scanning within this select cohort has high sensitivity, specificity and NPV and despite the low number of relapses retains a high PPV, particularly in patients with IPI≥3. Surveillance PET-CT is useful in the first 18 months following completion of primary therapy in patients in whom IPI at diagnosis is ≥3. We feel that such a strategy would be appropriate to evaluate in a prospective comparative trial. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Galactonic Acid in Galactosemia: Identification in the Urine (1972)

Galactose is converted to galactonic acid in vivo in man. Galactonate was isolated from the urine of galactosemia patients who had been given galactose orally. The identity of the galactonate was established by gas-liquid chromatography and by the preparation of derivatives.
Percutaneous Absorption Using Diiodofluorescein 131I (1956)

Journal Article Percutaneous Absorption Using Diiodofluorescein 131I Get access J W Hadgraft, J W Hadgraft Royal Free Hospital and the School of Pharmacy, University of London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G F Somers, G F Somers Royal Free Hospital and the School of Pharmacy, University of London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H S Williams H S Williams Royal Free Hospital and the School of Pharmacy, University of London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Volume 8, Issue 1, September 1956, Pages 1027–1033, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1956.tb12232.x Published: 12 April 2011 Article history Received: 26 June 1956 Published: 12 April 2011
ChemInform Abstract: Bi‐Functional Oxygen Electrode Using Large Surface Area La1‐xCaxCoO3 for Rechargeable Metal‐Air Battery. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
New Approaches for Decarboxylative Biaryl Coupling (2007)

Closer to nature: Biaryl motifs are common in organic molecules with important biological and physical properties. Carboxylic acids can now be used as aryl donors in palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions to give biaryl compounds of high synthetic value (see scheme).
Subcellular imaging mass spectrometry of brain tissue (2005)

Imaging mass spectrometry provides both chemical information and the spatial distribution of each analyte detected. Here it is demonstrated how imaging mass spectrometry of tissue at subcellular resolution can be achieved by combining the high spatial resolution of secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) with the sample preparation protocols of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI). Despite mechanistic differences and sampling 10(5) times less material, matrix-enhanced (ME)-SIMS of tissue samples yields similar results to MALDI (up to m/z 2500), in agreement with previous studies on standard compounds. In this regard ME-SIMS represents an attractive alternative to polyatomic primary ions for increasing the molecular ion yield. ME-SIMS of whole organs and thin sections of the cerebral ganglia of Lymnaea stagnalis demonstrate the advantages of ME-SIMS for chemical imaging mass spectrometry. Subcellular distributions of cellular analytes are clearly obtained, and the matrix provides an in situ height map of the tissue, allowing the user to identify rapidly regions prone to topographical artifacts and to deconvolute topographical losses in mass resolution and signal-to-noise ratio.
The barnacle excretory organ (1981)

The paired excretory organs or maxillary glands of the adult barnacles, Balanus balanoides and Balanus hameri , lie within the posterior part of the body below and to either side of the foregut. Each organ has an end sac linked to an efferent duct via a valve. The sac-shaped efferent duct connects with a relatively short terminal duct, opening out at the base of the second maxilla. The end sac consists of podocytelike cells having marked morphological and cytochemical similarities to the equivalent region of other Crustacea and to the vertebrate glomerulus. The main cells of the valve contain extensive apical secretion. They rest upon a series of modified end-sac cells projecting into the efferent duct. The efferent duct is composed of a uniform flattened epithelium which is cytochemically unreactive. The cells are lined by a short microvillous border, below which is a series of tubules which appear to be invaginations of the apical membrane. The morphology of efferent duct cells is not indicative of a highly active solute reabsorptive epithelium, but secretion of membrane-bound bodies into the efferent duct lumen was observed. The terminal duct is a relatively short, cuticle-lined ectodermal infolding. The parenchyma cells surrounding the efferent duct exhibit a marked affinity for certain dyes when injected into the haemolymph, indicative of a possible role in the elimination of material. The excretory organ is surrounded by a network of elastic fibres and is suspended within the body by strands of connective tissue and a complex series of tendon-muscle connexions. The end sac is well supplied with haemolymph from the scutal sinus but the supply to the efferent duct is more restricted.
Retrocausation, Consistency, and the Bilking Paradox (2011)

Retrocausation seems to admit of time paradoxes in which events prevent themselves from occurring and thereby create a physical instance of the liar's paradox, an event which occurs iff it does not occur. The specific version in which a retrocausal event is used to trigger an intervention which prevents its own future cause is called the bilking paradox (the event is bilked of its cause).The analysis of Echeverria, Klinkhammer, and Thorne (EKT) suggests time paradoxes cannot arise even in the presence of retrocausation. Any self‐contradictory event sequence will be replaced in reality by a closely related but noncontradictory sequence. The EKT analysis implies that attempts to create bilking must instead produce logically consistent sequences wherein the bilked event arises from alternative causes.Bilking a retrocausal information channel of limited reliability usually results only in failures of signaling. An exception applies when the bilking is conducted in response only to some of the signal values that can be carried on the channel. Theoretical analysis based on EKT predicts that, since some of the channel outcomes are not bilked, the channel is capable of transmitting data with its normal reliability, and the paradox‐avoidance effects will instead suppress the outcomes that would lead to forbidden (bilked) transmissions.A recent parapsychological experiment by Bem displays a retrocausal information channel of sufficient reliability to test this theoretical model of physical reality's response to retrocausal effects. A modified version with partial bilking would provide a direct test of the generality of the EKT mechanism.
In vitro platelet adhesion to vascular subendothelium: Studies in patients with polycythaemia vera (1988)

In this work we studied platelet adhesion to subendothelial surfaces in 10 patients with polycythaemia vera and 10 healthy volunteers at 40% Hct (corresponding to the mean value of our control group) and 55% Hct (a value roughly corresponding to the mean Hct in polycythaemic patients). Platelet concentration was kept constant at 2.0-2.5 X 10(11)/l. The results indicate that there was a statistically significant increase in adhesion both in controls and in patients with Hct varying from 40% to 55%. The contribution of the higher Hct in promoting platelet adhesion was comparable in the two groups. When red blood cells (RBC) from the patients were tested with platelets from healthy volunteers in cross-over experiments, they promoted adhesion in the same way as control RBC. Similarly, when patients' platelets were mixed with control RBC, adhesion was the same as control platelets. These data indicate that platelet and RBC contribution to this parameter are not significantly modified in this group of polycythaemic patients, provided that platelet and RBC values are adjusted to control range.
Effect of Transport Processes on Attenuation and Dispersion in Aerosols (1960)

Dispersion and attenuation of sound waves (sonics and ultrasonics) in aerosols were studied. Effects of momentum and heat transfer between the solid particles and the gas were considered. Significance of relative acceleration of particles is demonstrated.
Hoffman, Baron Richard von, [1878] November 9 (1878)

Incorrect Year. Date confirmed to be [1878] November 9 by PW; typed copy also filed (from Houghton bMS Am 1094.1)
Correlation of SPECT imaging, biochemical parameters and mutation with systolic dysfunction (2013)

We investigated systolic dysfunction by the use of biochemical laboratory tests and perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography imaging in 32 Pakistani subjects exhibiting symptoms of this disorder. To investigate underlying genetic causes, such as familial hypercholesterolemia, DNA samples from these subjects were screened by PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing to detect changes in the low density lipoprotein receptor gene (LDLR). A novel mutation (1171G>A) in exon 8 and two polymorphisms (1167G>A and 1413 A>G) in exons 8 and 10 of the LDLR gene were found. In silico tools such as SIFT, PolyPhen-2, KD4v, and Project HOPE were used to predict the effect of this mutation on protein structure and function.
Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone-Signal Transduction and Stathmin Phosphorylation in the Gonadotrope αT3–1 Cell Line* (1998)

We have investigated the effects of GnRH (LHRH) and of the protein kinase C (PKC) activator 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate on stathmin phosphorylation in the gonadotrope alphaT3-1 cell line. Stathmin expression and its phosphorylation were maximal during the exponential phase of cell growth. LHRH stimulated stathmin phosphorylation through a specific receptor in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and TPA induced a similar extensive stathmin phosphorylation. Their effects were inhibited either in PKC-depleted alphaT3-1 cells, or by the PKC inhibitor staurosporine. In the context of the known implication of PKC in LHRH-induced signal transduction, our results show that stathmin phosphorylation is involved in LHRH transduction, either as a result of direct activation of specific PKC isoforms or through a pathway involving kinases downstream to PKC activation.
Treatment of a pineal yolk sac tumor: report of one case. (2004)

Pineal yolk sac tumors are rare. We present a case of pineal yolk sac tumor in a 15-year-old boy with hydrocephalus and possible cerebrospinal dissemination. He was treated by surgical excision, craniospinal axis irradiation, PVBE (cisplatin, vinblastine, bleomycin, and etoposide) chemotherapy, and intrathecal methotrexate chemotherapy. There was no tumor recurrence at follow-up 2.5 years after treatment.
Epithelioid Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor With PDGFRA Activating Mutation and Immunoreactivity (2005)

The authors report a unique case of an intra-abdominal, epithelioid mesenchymal tumor that had an activating mutation of PDGFRA and a strong PDGFRA immunoreactivity but lacked both c-kit mutation and c-kit protein (CD117) expression. IHC study showed that the tumor cells were diffusely and strongly positive for PDGFRA, vimentin, CD34, and Bcl-2 but completely negative for CD117 as well as for muscle, epithelial, endothelial, endocrine, mesothelial, neural, and melanocytic cell markers. Molecular study revealed a mutation at the juxtamembrane domain of exon 12 in PDGFRA gene with GTC to GAC transition at codon 561 (V561D), as shown in the previous mutational studies on gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). This case likely represents an example of GIST with PDGFRA activating mutation and PDGFRA immunoreactivity without CD117 positivity, which has not been documented in the literature. STI 571 (imatinib mesylate [Gleevec]) might be an effective therapy in this case, since Gleevec targets both PDGFRA and c-kit oncoproteins.
Regulatory state of ribosomal genes and physiological changes in the concentration of free ribonucleic acid polymerase in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1975)

The concept of promoter efficiency is introduced as frequency of RNA chain initiation at a given promoter normalized to the intracellular concentration of free (but functional) RNA polymerase. Previous observations from this laboratory on the synthesis of ribosomes and β-galactosidase are used to show that during a nutritional shift-up from succinate minimal to glucose-amino acids medium (3-fold increase in steady-state growth rate) the concentration of free (active) RNA polymerase decreases to one-quarter of the pre-shift value and the promoter efficiencies of the genes for ribosomal RNA and ribosomal proteins increase 9- and 6-fold respectively. This extent of control of ribosomal genes is much greater than expected on the basis of the increase in the rate of ribosome synthesis (3-fold).
Eisenüberladung in adulten Hfe-defizienten Mäusen unabhängig von Veränderungen in der Expression der duodenalen Eisentransporter DMT1 und Ireg1/Ferroportin (2015)

Hintergrund/Einleitung: Patienten mit hereditärer Hämochromatose entwickeln infolge einer erhöhten duodenalen Eisenresorption eine progrediente Eisenüberladung. Es wird vermutet, dass Mutationen im Hämochromatosegen HFE eine Fehlprogrammierung duodenaler Enterozyten im Sinne eines paradoxen Eisenmangelzustands verursachen, mit einer erhöhten Eisentransporterexpression als Folge. Bisherige Studien zur Expression der duodenalen Eisentransporter in Hämochromatosepatienten und Tiermodellen haben jedoch zu kontroversen Ergebnissen geführt.
microRNA miR-200b differentially affects proliferation, invasiveness and stemness of endometriotic cells by targeting the transcription factors KLF4, ZEB1 and ZEB2 (2014)

Introduction: Endometriosis is a hormone-dependent disease characterized by growth of endometrial tissue at ectopic locations. Recent results indicate a dysregulation of microRNAs, small non-coding posttransciprional regulators of gene expression in endometriosis, suggesting a role in the pathogenetic process. In this study, we investigated the functional impact of miR-200b, a microRNA downregulated in endometriosis, on the immortalized endometriotic cell line 12Z and primary endometriotic stroma cells in vitro.
New insights into Nod factor biosynthesis: Analyses of chitooligomers and lipo-chitooligomers of Rhizobium sp. IRBG74 mutants (2016)

Soil-dwelling, nitrogen-fixing rhizobia signal their presence to legume hosts by secreting lipo-chitooligomers (LCOs) that are decorated with a variety of chemical substituents. It has long been assumed, but never empirically shown, that the LCO backbone is synthesized first by NodC, NodB, and NodA, followed by addition of one or more substituents by other Nod proteins. By analyzing a collection of in-frame deletion mutants of key nod genes in the bacterium Rhizobium sp. IRBG74 by mass spectrometry, we were able to shed light on the possible substitution order of LCO decorations, and we discovered that the prevailing view is probably erroneous. We found that most substituents could be transferred to a short chitin backbone prior to acylation by NodA, which is probably one of the last steps in LCO biosynthesis. The existence of substituted, short chitin oligomers offers new insights into symbiotic plant-microbe signaling.
Estimation of Instantaneous Complex Dynamics through Lyapunov Exponents: A Study on Heartbeat Dynamics (2014)

Measures of nonlinearity and complexity, and in particular the study of Lyapunov exponents, have been increasingly used to characterize dynamical properties of a wide range of biological nonlinear systems, including cardiovascular control. In this work, we present a novel methodology able to effectively estimate the Lyapunov spectrum of a series of stochastic events in an instantaneous fashion. The paradigm relies on a novel point-process high-order nonlinear model of the event series dynamics. The long-term information is taken into account by expanding the linear, quadratic, and cubic Wiener-Volterra kernels with the orthonormal Laguerre basis functions. Applications to synthetic data such as the Hénon map and Rössler attractor, as well as two experimental heartbeat interval datasets (i.e., healthy subjects undergoing postural changes and patients with severe cardiac heart failure), focus on estimation and tracking of the Instantaneous Dominant Lyapunov Exponent (IDLE). The novel cardiovascular assessment demonstrates that our method is able to effectively and instantaneously track the nonlinear autonomic control dynamics, allowing for complexity variability estimations.
Polarization holographic gratings in side-chain azobenzene polyesters with linear and circular photoanisotropy (1996)

We investigate thin phase polarization holographic gratings recorded with two waves with orthogonal linear polarizations in materials in which illumination with linearly/circularly polarized light gives rise to linear/circular birefringence. The theoretical analysis shows that the presence of circular photoanisot-ropy changes significantly the diffraction characteristics of the gratings. The intensities of the waves diffracted in the +1 and -1 orders of diffraction and their ratio depend substantially on the reconstructing-wave polarization. Experiments with films of side-chain liquid-crystalline azobenzene polyester that is a photoanisotropic material of the considered type confirm the unusual polarization properties. It is shown that polarization holography may be used for real-time simultaneous measurement of photoinduced linear and circular birefringence.
Engineered polymeric IR-transparent protective coatings. (1994)

This paper describes a novel infrared (IR)-transparent polymer engineered at Texas Instruments to protect IR windows. The polymer has greater than 80% transmission in the 8- to 12-micrometer range and can be combined with antireflection coatings to yield highly transparent IR window systems. The novel molecular structure of the polymer imparts a high, in-plane elastic modulus/strength to the coating, yet produces a lower-modulus material perpendicular to the plane. This very inexpensive coating can protect any IR window from both supersonic normal-incidence waterdrop erosion and damage by 200-mph blowing sand.© (1994) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.