gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fluidization by lift of 300 circular particles in plane Poiseuille flow by direct numerical simulation (2001)

We study the transport of a slurry of heavier-than-liquid circular particles in a plane pressure-driven flow in a direct simulation. The flow is calculated in a periodic domain containing 300 circular particles. The study leads to the concept of fluidization by lift in which all the particles are suspended by lift forces against gravity perpendicular to the flow. The study is framed as an initial-value problem in which a closely packed cubic array of particles resting on the bottom of the channel is lifted into suspension. All the details of the flow are resolved numerically without model assumptions. The fluidization of circular particles first involves bed inflation in which liquid is driven into the bed by high pressure at the front and low pressure at the back of each circle in the top row. This kind of bed inflation occurs even at very low Reynolds numbers but it takes more time for the bed to inflate as the Reynolds number is reduced. It appears that the bed will not inflate if the shear Reynolds number is below the critical value for single particle lift-off. The flows with a single particle are completely determined by a shear Reynolds number and a gravity parameter when the density ratio and aspect ratio parameters are specified. In the multi-particle case, the volume fraction and distribution also matters. The transition to a fully fluidized slurry by waves is discussed. An analytical model of the steady motion of a single particle dragged forward in a Poiseuille flow is derived and compared with a simulation. The undisturbed fluid velocity is always larger than the particle velocity, producing a fluid hold-up. The effect of the hold-up in the many particle case is to greatly reduce the velocity of the mixture which may be described by a two-fluid model in which the solid laden mixture is regarded as a second fluid with effective properties.
Compressive sensing of parameterized shapes in images (2008)

Compressive Sensing (CS) uses a relatively small number of non-traditional samples in the form of randomized projections to reconstruct sparse or compressible signals. The Hough transform is often used to find lines and other parameterized shapes in images. This paper shows how CS can be used to find parameterized shapes in images, by exploiting sparseness in the Hough transform domain. The utility of the CS-based method is demonstrated for finding lines and circles in noisy images, and then examples of processing GPR and seismic data for tunnel detection are presented.
Nara Palace Site Navigator: Device-Independent Human Navigation Using a Networked Shared Database (2004)

VSMM 2004 : proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Virtual Systems and Multimedia , Nov 17-19, 2004 , Ogaki, Japan
Investigation of germline GFR alpha-1 mutations in Hirschsprung disease. (1999)

Inactivating mutations of the RET proto-oncogene and of one of its soluble ligand molecules, glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), have been found in a subset of patients with Hirschsprung disease (HSCR). However, the majority of HSCR mutations remain unidentified. As normal RET function requires a multicomponent ligand complex for activation, other members of the RET ligand complex are primary candidates for these mutations. We investigated the presence of mutations in another member of the RET signalling complex, GDNF family receptor alpha-1 (GFR alpha-1), in a panel of 269 independent cases of HSCR. We identified 10 polymorphisms at the GFR alpha-1 locus. Surprisingly, however, we did not identify any sequence variants in our HSCR population that were not also present in a normal control population. Our data suggest that mutations of the GFR alpha-1 gene are not a common aetiological event in HSCR.
NEURONAL INTRACYTOPLASMIC HYALINE INCLUSIONS (1971)

Journal Article Neuronal Intracytoplasmic Hyaline Inclusions Get access J. R. Mendell, J. R. Mendell Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar W. R. Markesbery W. R. Markesbery Reprint request to: W. R. Markesbery, Rochester, N.Y. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology, Volume 30, Issue 2, April 1971, Pages 233–239, https://doi.org/10.1097/00005072-197104000-00005 Published: 01 April 1971
Factors Influencing Agonist Potency and Selectivity for the Opioid δ Receptor Are Revealed in Structure−Activity Relationship Studies of the 4-[(<i>N-</i>Substituted-4-piperidinyl)arylamino]-<i>N,N-</i>diethylbenzamides (2001)

A study of the effect of transposition of the internal nitrogen atom for the adjacent benzylic carbon atom in delta-selective agonists such as BW373U86 (1) and SNC-80 (2) has been undertaken. It was shown that high-affinity, fully efficacious, and delta opioid receptor-selective compounds can be obtained from this transposition. In addition to the N,N-diethylamido group needed as the delta address, the structural features identified to promote delta receptor affinity in the set of compounds studied included a cis relative stereochemistry between the 3- and 4-substituents in the piperidine ring, a trans-crotyl or allyl substituent on the basic nitrogen, the lack of a 2-methyl group in the piperidine ring, and either no substitution or hydroxyl substitution in the aryl ring not substituted with the N,N-diethylamido group. Structural features found to be important for mu affinity include hydroxyl substitution in the aryl ring, the presence of a 2-methyl group in a cis relative relationship to the 4-amino group as well as N-substituents such as cyclopropylmethyl. It was also determined that mu receptor affinity could be increased while maintaining delta receptor affinity, especially when hydroxyl-substituted compounds are considered. Additionally, it was discovered that the somewhat lower mu/delta selectivities observed for the piperidine compounds relative to the piperazine-based ligands appear to arise as a consequence of the carbon-nitrogen transposition which imparts an overall lower delta and higher mu affinity to the piperidine-based ligands. This higher affinity for the mu receptor, apparently intrinsic to the piperidine-based compounds, suggests that ligands of this class will more easily be converted to mu/delta combination agonists compared to the piperazine ligands such as 1. This is particularly important since analogues of 1, which show both mu- and delta-type activity, are now recognized as important for their strong analgesia and cross-canceling of many of the side effects found in agonists operating exclusively from either the delta or mu opioid receptor.
Sex-dependent expression of mouse testosterone 16 alpha-hydroxylase (cytochrome P-450(16) alpha): cDNA cloning and pretranslational regulation. (1985)

By using both double-colony hybridization and an in situ immunostaining assay for transformants, 39 cDNA clones (clone p-16 alpha) encoding mouse liver microsomal testosterone 16 alpha-hydroxylase (cytochrome P-450(16) alpha) were isolated from a cDNA library constructed in the cloning vector pUC-9 with poly(A)+ RNA immunoenriched from total liver polysomes of male 129/J mice. mRNA selected by hybridization with clone p-16 alpha translated the P-450(16) alpha apoprotein in vitro. Total cellular proteins, which were prepared from immunopositive transformant Escherichia coli cells, were conjugated with Sepharose 4B. Antibody purified with the Sepharose 4B conjugate from mixed antiserum to P-450(16) alpha and P-450(15) alpha specifically inhibited testosterone 16 alpha-hydroxylase activity in microsomes. The cDNA insert of one recombinant plasmid (clone P-16 alpha-1) was 1.75 kilobases in size and contained one or more internal restriction sites for HindIII, BamHI, Bgl I, Pst I, Alu I, HinpI, and Rsa I. 32P-labeled clone p-16 alpha-1 hybridized with a single mRNA (2000 bases) that was 10 times more concentrated in liver cells from male 129/J mice than in female mice. This result was consistent with the finding that poly(A)+ RNA from male mice translated 10 times as much P-450(16) alpha in vitro as did the poly(A)+ RNA from females. Thus, the predominant expression of testosterone 16 alpha-hydroxylase in male 129/J mice is regulated pretranslationally, presumably at the transcriptional level of the P-450(16) alpha gene.
Prognosis of inv(16)/t(16;16) acute myeloid leukemia (AML): a survey of 110 cases from the French AML Intergroup (2003)

Acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs) carrying inv(16)/t(16;16) chromosomal abnormalities are associated with a good prognosis. However, studies of this AML subtype have been hampered by the few number of patients reported, frequently collectively considered with those with AML carrying the t(8;21) translocation. We performed a retrospective study in 110 patients with inv(16)/t(16;16) AML (median age, 34 years) prospectively enrolled in 6 trials conducted in France between 1987 and 1998, with the aim to investigate prognostic factors for complete remission (CR) achievement and outcome of CR patients in this AML subtype. CR rate was 93%. Bad-prognosis factors for CR achievement were higher white blood cell count (WBC) and lower platelet count (optimal cutpoints at 120 and 30 x 109/L, respectively). At 3 years, estimated overall survival, disease-free survival (DFS), and cumulative incidence of relapse were 58%, 48%, and 42%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, (1) advanced age (optimal cutpoint, 35 years) was the only factor for shorter DFS and (2) advanced age and low platelet count were the 2 factors for shorter survival of CR patients. Outcome of CR patients (1) was not influenced by WBC and cytogenetic findings and (2) was similar among patients allocated to receive allogeneic transplantation, high-dose, or intermediate-dose cytarabine. Interestingly, advanced age was associated with a trend for more frequent additional chromosome abnormalities and predictive of higher cumulative incidence of relapse rather than death in first CR. These results markedly contrast with those reported in patients with t(8;21) AML in whom WBC, and not age, was the main high-risk factor for relapse, DFS, and survival.
Pyridinium Ions Adjacent to Oxirane Rings: Useful Intermediates for the Stereospecific Synthesis of β‐Hydroxy Ketones (1996)

α,β-Epoxytriflates like epoxytriflate pyranoside 1 undergo rearrangement in a one-pot reaction after treatment with pyridine. The epoxy ring is opened giving N-vinylpyridinium derivatives such as 2, which can be reduced with NaBH4 and hydrolyzed under acidic conditions to give β-hydroxy ketones. This generally applicable procedure can be used to convert easily accessible epoxypyranoses into deoxyketo sugars like 3 in high yields.
Photochromism of salicylideneanilines incorporated in a Langmuir-Blodgett multilayer (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochromism of salicylideneanilines incorporated in a Langmuir-Blodgett multilayerShinichi. Kawamura, Tetsuo. Tsutsui, Shogo. Saito, Yuko. Murao, and Kenyu. KinaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 2, 509–511Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1988https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00210a033RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views133Altmetric-Citations51LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (376 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Variaciones sobre Palacio Valdés (2014)

Se abordan diversos aspectos de la vida y obra de Palacio Valdes, desde su genealogia hasta el proceso de su eleccion como miembro de la Real Academia Espanola, pasando por sus relaciones con Aviles y deteniendose en caracteristicas puntuales, como la presencia de la moda en sus obras o su devocion a la Virgen del Carmen y adentrandose en detalles como la presencia del honor y la moral en alguna de sus obras o sus relaciones con el cine.
ChemInform Abstract: Photorearrangement of Aryl Esters in Micellar Medium. (1986)

Abstract Im Gegensatz zur Photo‐Fries‐Reaktion verläuft die Photoumlagerung der Ester (I) in micellarem Medium relativ schnell ab und liefert in hohen Ausbeuten die 2‐Hydroxybenzophenone (II).
Extraordinary Hall-Effect Measurements on Ni, Some Ni Alloys, and Ferrites (1961)

Extraordinary Hall-effect measurements over a wide range of temperature are reported for 99.9 Ni, 99.4 Ni, 95 Ni, several 80% Ni alloys, ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{3}$${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$, and ${(\mathrm{NiO})}_{0.75}$ ${(\mathrm{FeO})}_{0.25}$ (${\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$). The resistivity $\ensuremath{\rho}$ of all samples over the same temperature range is also reported. At high temperatures, the extraordinary Hall coefficient ${R}_{1}$ for 99.9 Ni is proportional to ${\ensuremath{\rho}}^{2}$ as predicted by theory. However, the dependence upon $\ensuremath{\rho}$ is smaller in the 99.9 Ni sample at lower temperatures and in the samples with higher impurity concentration at all temperatures. The 80% Ni samples exhibit positive ${R}_{1}$, while ${R}_{1}$ in the high-concentration Ni samples is negative. ${R}_{1}$ for both ferrites is negative below about 400\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C and positive above this temperature.The theoretical work on metals generally indicates that ${R}_{1}$ is proportional to ${\ensuremath{\rho}}^{2}$ and the constant of proportionality $r$ is weakly temperature dependent and of the order of unity. In the high-concentration Ni samples $r$ is negative, of the order of unity, and exhibits a significant temperature dependence at low temperatures. In the 80% Ni samples, $r$ is positive and of the order of ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$. At room temperature, $r$ is of the order of ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$ in ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{3}$${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ and of the order of ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$ in ${(\mathrm{NiO})}_{0.75}$ ${(\mathrm{FeO})}_{0.25}$ (${\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$). In both ferrites, $r$ is strongly temperature dependent. The change of sign of $r$ with temperature observed in both ferrites has not been previously observed in metals or alloys.
Effects of protein and vitamin E on haemoglobin formation in rats (1968)

1. Young rats were given, for 9 weeks, vitamin E-deficient diets containing either 20% or 10% casein, with and without a dietary supplement of 350 ppm D-α-tocopheryl acetate. For the next 5 weeks the casein content of the low-protein diets was decreased to 7%. 2. The low-protein diets induced severe growth depression. 3. The dialuric acid-induced haemolysis test showed that the rats given the 20% casein vitamin E-deficient diet were depleted of vitamin E, but that the rate of depletion on the lowcasein diet was slower. 4. Haemoglobin levels were slightly decreased by the 10% casein diets after 9 weeks, but this difference was not found after 14 weeks, comparing 20% and 7% casein. Dietary vitamin E had no effect on haemoglobin levels or erythrocyte counts.
Pyridines. VI. Polypyridyls by the Chichibabin Synthesis<sup>1</sup> (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPyridines. VI. Polypyridyls by the Chichibabin Synthesis1Robert L. Frank and Edward F. RienerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 9, 4182–4183Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01165a096https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01165a096research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views481Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Design and Development of a Two-Cycle Turbocharged Diesel Engine (1957)

Abstract The development of a successful design of two-cycle diesel engines for turbocharging involves many difficult problems, such as integrating the turbocharger to the engine, developing an exhaust manifold that will result in a minimum loss of heat energy, and making the engine components sufficiently rugged to carry the increase in engine loads. A solution to these problems, obtained by intensive study and testing, is presented in this paper. Also described are the favorable results achieved, which are improved fuel consumption, increased engine horsepower, and decreased engine size per horsepower as compared with nonturbocharged two-cycle diesel engines.
Projection imaging of photon beams using Čerenkov-excited fluorescence (2013)

Full 3D beam profiling and quality assurance (QA) of therapeutic megavoltage linear accelerator (LINAC) x-ray photon beams is not routinely performed due to the slow point-by-point measurement nature of conventional scanning ionization chamber systems. In this study we explore a novel optical-based dose imaging approach using a standard commercial camera, water tank, and fluorescent dye, which when excited by the Čerenkov emission induced by the radiation beam, allows 2D projection imaging in a fast timeframe, potentially leading toward 3D tomographic beam profiling. Detailed analysis was carried out to optimize the imaging parameters in the experimental setup. The results demonstrate that the captured images are linear with delivered dose, independent of dose rate, and comparison of experimentally captured images to a reference dose distribution for a 4 × 4 cm(2) 6 MV x-ray photon beam yielded results with improved accuracy over a previous study which used direct imaging and Monte Carlo calibration of the Čerenkov emission itself. The agreement with the reference dose distribution was within 1-2% in the lateral direction, and ±3% in the depth direction. The study was restricted to single 2D image projection, with the eventual goal of creating full 3D profiles after tomographic reconstruction from multiple projections. Given the increasingly complex advances in radiation therapy, and the increased emphasis on patient-specific treatment plans, further refinement of the technique could prove to be an important tool for fast and robust QA of x-ray photon LINAC beams.
Kinematic analysis of jumping leg driven by artificial muscles (2012)

This paper presents a jumping four-bar mechanism using pneumatic muscle actuators. The mechanism has three joints and each one is powered by one artificial muscle; jumping and restoring action is achieved by muscle contracting force and spring respectively. Kinematic analysis is performed in landing and airborne phase respectively. Vertical jumping simulation is performed according to the prototype parameters and results demonstrate the kinematic analysis and show the torques supplied by muscles can meet the jumping requirement.
Temperature dependent resistivity of spin-split subbands in GaAs two-dimensional hole systems (2003)

We calculate the temperature dependent resistivity in spin-split subbands induced by the strong spin-orbit coupling in GaAs two-dimensional hole systems. By considering both temperature dependent multisubband screening of impurity disorder and hole-hole scattering, we find that the strength of the metallic behavior depends on the spin splitting over a large range of hole density. At low density above the metal-insulator transition, we find that the effective disorder reduces the enhancement of the metallic behavior induced by spin splitting. Our theory is in good qualitative agreement with the existing experiments, and resolves a recent controversy in the literature.
Purification and some properties of cephalosporin N, a new penicillin (1954)

Research Article| September 01 1954 Purification and some properties of cephalosporin N, a new penicillin E. P. Abraham; E. P. Abraham 1Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar G. G. F. Newton; G. G. F. Newton * 1Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar C. W. Hale C. W. Hale 2Medical Research Council, Antibiotics Research Station, Clevedon Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1954) 58 (1): 94–102. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0580094 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation E. P. Abraham, G. G. F. Newton, C. W. Hale; Purification and some properties of cephalosporin N, a new penicillin. Biochem J 1 September 1954; 58 (1): 94–102. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0580094 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1954 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1954 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Association of Mast Cell-Derived VEGF and Proteases in Dengue Shock Syndrome (2012)

As mast cells are an important source of VEGF, tryptase, and chymase, our findings suggest that mast cell activation and mast cell-derived mediators participate in the development of DHF. The two proteases, particularly chymase, might serve as good predictive markers of Dengue disease severity.