gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of Serine Protease Matriptase in Renal Cell Carcinoma: Correlation of Tissue Microarray Immunohistochemical Expression Analysis Results with Clinicopathological Parameters (2006)

Serine protease matriptase (matriptase) cleaves and activates proteins implicated in the progression of cancer and represents a potential therapeutic target. Immunohistochemical analysis of matriptase was performed in tissue microarrays of 168 renal cell carcinomas (RCCs). All subtypes of RCC showed significant immunohistochemical expression of matriptase. In contrast, no expression occurred in areas of RCC with sarcomatous differentiation (SRCC) and in normal collecting tubules. The matriptase scores were significantly higher in papillary RCC (341+/-28) and clear cell RCC with granular cell differentiation (GRCC; 324+/-27) than in other histologic subtypes of RCC. In GRCC, matriptase scores were correlated with TNM staging and nuclear grading. Matriptase was overexpressed in all subtypes of RCC, and matriptase scores could distinguish between conventional clear cell RCC, GRCC, and SRCC.
Imaging-Based Tumor Treatment Response Evaluation: Review of Conventional, New, and Emerging Concepts (2012)

Tumor response may be assessed readily by the use of Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumor version 1.1. However, the criteria mainly depend on tumor size changes. These criteria do not reflect other morphologic (tumor necrosis, hemorrhage, and cavitation), functional, or metabolic changes that may occur with targeted chemotherapy or even with conventional chemotherapy. The state-of-the-art multidetector CT is still playing an important role, by showing high-quality, high-resolution images that are appropriate enough to measure tumor size and its changes. Additional imaging biomarker devices such as dual energy CT, positron emission tomography, MRI including diffusion-weighted MRI shall be more frequently used for tumor response evaluation, because they provide detailed anatomic, and functional or metabolic change information during tumor treatment, particularly during targeted chemotherapy. This review elucidates morphologic and functional or metabolic approaches, and new concepts in the evaluation of tumor response in the era of personalized medicine (targeted chemotherapy).
Comparison of Treasury and Melbourne Institute Forecasts and Implications for the Budget Bottom Line (2004)

In the 2004-05 Commonwealth Budget the Commonwealth Treasury is predicting solid economic growth for the current and next financial years. GDP is forecast to grow by 3.75 per cent in 2003-04 and to ease slightly to 3.5 per cent for 2004-5, which is close to the long term average of the Australian economy. This article compares the Treasury's forecasts with those produced by the Melbourne Institute, and also presents the implications of the Melbourne Institute forecasts for the fiscal outlook.
Remote procedure calls and Java Remote Method Invocation (1998)

Remote procedure call systems have been around since around 1984 when they were first proposed (A.D. Birrell and B.J. Nelson, 1984). During the intervening 15 years, numerous evolutionary improvements have occurred in the basic RPC system, leading to improved systems-such as NCS (T.H. Dineen et al., 1987)-that offer programmers more functionality or greater simplicity. The Common Object Request Broker Architecture from the Object Management Group and Microsoft's Distributed Common Object Model are this evolutionary process's latest outgrowths. With the introduction of Java Developer's Kit release 1.1, a third alternative for creating distributed applications has emerged. The Java Remote Method Invocation system has many of the same features of other RPC systems, letting an object running in one Java virtual machine make a method call on an object running in another, perhaps on a different physical machine. On the surface, the RMI system is just another RPC mechanism, much like Corba and DCOM. But on closer inspection, RMI represents a very different evolutionary progression, one that results in a system that differs not just in detail but in the very set of assumptions made about the distributed systems in which it operates. These differences lead to differences in the programming model, capabilities, and the way the mechanisms interact with the code that implements and built the distributed systems.
An optimal technology mapping algorithm for delay optimization in lookup-table based FPGA designs (1992)

Presents a polynomial time technology mapping algorithm, called Flow-Map, that optimally solves the lookup-table (LUT)-based field-programmable gate array (FPGA) technology mapping problem for depth minimization for general Boolean networks. This theoretical breakthrough makes a sharp contrast with the fact that the conventional technology mapping problem in library-based designs is NP-hard. A key step in Flow-Map is to compute a minimum height K-feasible cut in a network, solved by network flow computation. The algorithm also effectively minimizes the number of LUTs by maximizing the volume of each cut and by several postprocessing operations. The Flow-Map algorithm was tested on a a set of benchmarks and achieved reductions of both the network depth and the number of LUTs in mapping solutions as compared with previous algorithms.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Diffraction (1993)

The boundaries between different wave-carrying media discussed in the previous chapter were assumed to be extensive. Reflected and refracted waves generated at such boundaries have a family resemblance to the incident wave giving rise to them; plane waves arriving at plane boundaries, for example, result in plane reflected and refracted waves.
Implementation and Evaluation of Coupled Congestion Control for Multipath TCP (2012)

Multipath TCP (MPTCP) is an experimental protocol currently under standardization in the IETF. MPTCP allows to use multiple TCP connections for one data transmission if at least one of the endpoints is multi-homed. For example, this can be a mobile device with a Wifi and a 3G interface. It is assumed that the paths are disjoint or partly disjoint. As such these paths have different transmission characteristics, like speed or delay. With MPTCP the congestion control of each single TCP transmission is coupled in such a way that the transmission data is distributed over all subpaths depending on the load situation on each path. In this paper, we present our implementation of the MPTCP congestion control algorithm in the Linux kernel. We evaluated, based on simulations that use the real Linux kernel implementation, if the intended goals on resource pooling and sharing could be reached.
Interactions between the RNA Interference Effector Protein Ago1 and 14-3-3 Proteins (2006)

The Argonaute family member Ago1 is required for formation of pericentric heterochromatin and small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. In addition, we have recently demonstrated that Ago1 function is required for enactment of cell cycle checkpoints (Carmichael, J. B., Provost, P., Ekwall, K., and Hobman, T. C. (2004) Mol. Biol. Cell 15, 1425-1435). Here, we provide evidence that the amino terminus of Ago1 binds to proteins that function in cell cycle regulation including 14-3-3 proteins. Interestingly, the amino terminus of human Ago2, the endonuclease that cleaves siRNA-targeted mRNAs, was also demonstrated to bind 14-3-3 proteins. Overexpression of the Ago1 amino terminus in yeast resulted in cell cycle delay at the G(2)/M boundary. Further investigation revealed that nuclear import of the mitosis-inducing phosphatase Cdc25 is inhibited by overexpression of the Ago1 amino terminus. Under these conditions, we found that the cyclin-dependent kinase Cdc2 is constitutively phosphorylated on tyrosine 15, thereby reducing the activity of this kinase, a situation that delays entry into mitosis. We hypothesize that 14-3-3 proteins are required for Argonaute protein functions in cell cycle and/or gene-silencing pathways.
Continuous pattern detection over billion-edge graph using distributed framework (2014)

Continuous pattern detection plays an important role in monitoring-related applications. The large size and dynamic update of graphs, along with the massive search space, pose huge challenges in developing an efficient continuous pattern detection system. In this paper, we leverage a distributed graph processing framework to approximately detect a given pattern over a large dynamic graph. We aim to improve the scalability and precision, and reduce the response time and message cost in the detection. We convert a given query pattern into a Single-Sink DAG (Directed Acyclic Graph), and propose an evaluation plan with message transitions on the DAG, which is shorten by SSD plan, to detect the pattern in a large dynamic graph. SSD plan can guide the data graph exploration via messages, and the messages will converge at data sink vertices, which then detect existences of the query pattern. We also conduct join operations over partial vertices during the graph exploration to improve the precision of pattern detection. In addition, we show that SSD plan can support the continuous query over dynamic graphs with slight extensions. We further design various sink vertex selection strategies and neighborhood based transition rule attachment to lower the evaluation cost. The experiments on billion-edge real-life graphs using Giraph, an open source implementation of Pregel, illustrate the efficiency and effectiveness of our method.
CT-scan of Parasaurolophus tubicen from the Sternberg Collection (Uppsala University) (2011)

In 1922, Carl Wiman, head of the then Palaeontological Institute at Uppsala University, received a series of crates containing dinosaur remains from the Upper Cretaceous (upper Campanian–Maastricht ...
Verification of specific G-quadruplex structure by using a novel cyanine dye supramolecular assembly: II. The binding characterization with specific intramolecular G-quadruplex and the recognizing mechanism (2009)

The supramolecular assembly of a novel cyanine dye, 3,3'-di(3-sulfopropyl)-4,5,4',5'-dibenzo-9-ethyl-thiacarbocyanine triethylammonium salt (ETC) was designed to verify specific intramolecular G-quadruplexes from duplex and single-strand DNAs. Spectral results have shown that ETC presented two major distinct signatures with specific intramolecular G-quadruplexes in vitro: (i) dramatic changes in the absorption spectra (including disappearance of absorption peak around 660 nm and appearance of independent new peak around 584 nm); (ii) approximately 70 times enhancement of fluorescence signal at 600 nm. Furthermore, based on (1)H-nuclear magnetic resonance and circular dichroism results, the preferring binding of ETC to specific intramolecular G-quadruplexes probably result from end-stacking, and the loop structure nearby also plays an important role.
Effects of Ni-assisted annealing on p-type contact resistivity of GaN-based LED films grown on Si(111) substrates (2011)

Different thick Ni layers are deposited on the GaN-based LED films grown on Si(111) substrates, then LED films are annealed at 400℃—750 ℃ in the atmosphere of N2 ∶O2=4 ∶1. The Pt / p-GaN contact layer is prepared after removing the Ni-capping layer. It is found that annealing temperature and thickness of Ni-capping layer each have an important influence on the p-type contact of GaN-based LED film. The Ni film can significantly reduce the activation temperature of Mg acceptor of the p-type GaN. The characteristic of p-type contact of Ni-capping sample becomes better first then turns worse with annealing temperature and it become better then turns worse and then better with Ni-capping thickness. After optimization, the specific contact resistivity of Pt/p-GaN in the case of no second annealing can reach 6.1×10-5 Ω·cm2, when Ni-capping layer thickness is 1.5 nm and its annealing temperatune is 450 ℃.
Alphaxolone-alphadolone anaesthesia in laboratory animals (1978)

The anaesthetic steroid combination alphaxolone-alphadolone is a well-established short-acting inject-able agent for cats and primates. It can be recommended for intravenous administration to rats, rabbits, neonatal pigs, mice and hamsters. It has limited value in mice and hamsters by the intraperitoneal route, but provides sedation in ferrets and neonatal pigs when injected intramuscularly. It can be given repeatedly or continuously to maintain anaesthesia for long periods without the development of tolerance or cumulation.
Evidence for Interference by Immune Complexes in the Serodiagnosis of Cryptococcosis (1993)

The latex agglutination test was used to compare cryptococcal antigen titers before and after protease treatment in 19 patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis. Antigen was detected by the LA test in 13 of 33 serum samples before protease treatment, and in an additional 13 samples following treatment. Of 26 antigen-positive serum samples, 22 (84.6%) showed an increased antigen titer after protease treatment. Using the cell slide agglutination test, antibody was detected in 3 of 19 cases. In one of these 3, antigen could only be detected after protease treatment. Soluble immune complex was prepared in vitro using anti-C. neoformans rabbit antiserum and polysaccharide antigen of C. neoformans, and the effects of immune complexes on the LA test were examined. In this experimental model, soluble immune complexes seemed to be observed in antibody excess region, because the antigen titers were increased after the protease treatment. We concluded that C. neoformans capsular polysaccharide antigen and anti-C. neoformans antibody formed soluble immune complexes in patients' sera, which interfered with antigen detection by the latex agglutination test without protease treatment.
Diagnosis and treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome. (1993)

Carpal tunnel syndrome is a commonly occurring entrapment neuropathy of the median nerve at the wrist. This paper reviews the causes and functional manifestations of this syndrome, as well as the clinical diagnosis and provocative tests that may be useful in establishing it. Surgical results are reliably good and may now be obtained with low morbidity using a variety of minimally invasive techniques performed through limited incisions that involve less extensive exposure than the "classic" open procedure. These include flexor tenosynovectomy without transverse carpal ligament (TCL) division, endoscopic release of the TCL, and subcutaneous TCL division with a two-incision technique. The advantages and disadvantages of these new procedures are examined.
Epithelial deposits of immunoglobulin G1 and activated complement co-localize with the "M(r) 40kD" putative auto-antigen in ulcerative colitis. (1995)

In conclusion, the "M(r) 40kD" antigen is expressed on the apical face of colonic enterocytes often in spatial relation to immune complexes in active UC, apparently targeting an IgG1-mediated autoimmune attack. Thus, our findings support the notion that an autoimmune response to the "M(r) 40kD" antigen, with local production of specific IgG1, is a possible immunopathological mechanism(s) in UC.
Sensitive End-Point Procedure for Coulometric Titrations (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSensitive End-Point Procedure for Coulometric TitrationsW. Donald Cooke, C. N. Reilley, and N. Howell FurmanCite this: Anal. Chem. 1951, 23, 11, 1662–1665Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60059a037https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60059a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views106Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ATHENA: A knowledge-based hybrid backpropagation-grammatical evolution neural network algorithm for discovering epistasis among quantitative trait Loci (2010)

We show that a hybrid optimization procedure, alternative crossover strategies, and incorporation of domain knowledge from publicly available biological databases can result in marked increases in sensitivity and performance of the ATHENA algorithm for detecting and modelling gene-gene interactions that influence a complex human trait.
Lossless coding of MPEG-1 Layer III encoded audio streams (2002)

In this paper we describe a lossless coding scheme for the encoding of MPEG-1 Layer III encoded audio bitstreams. Commonly known as MP3, the MPEG-1 Layer III standard has proved widely popular for the transmission of encoded audio files (MP3's) over the Internet. However, the MPEG-1 Layer III standard has been designed with a wide range of applications in mind. As such, the frame sizes are kept small and redundancies between samples in neighboring frames are not exploited. We propose a design which uses a combination of linear predictive coding and arithmetic coding to exploit such redundancies. The proposed coder was tested on a number of Layer III encoded audio (MP3) files and shown to produce an average coding gain of 12.2% over the original Layer III encoded files.
Benefits of automating data translation (1993)

A description is given of the Integrated Chameleon Architecture, (ICA), a special software environment that automatically generates translation code, eliminating the error-prone process of writing and updating code, and enforces completeness in the high-level translator specification and correctness in the translated data. Two sets of translaters developed using ICA are examined. The first set translates ICA's user manual from the La Tex markup language to Troff markup macros. The second translates documents encoded in schemes like Refer (from the roff macro family) and Bibtex (La Tex's bibliographic package) into an encoding conventional imposed by a central bibliographic database for human-machine interaction.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Fluorescence quenching of indole and model micelle systems (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFluorescence quenching of indole and model micelle systemsM. R. Eftink and C. A. GhironCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1976, 80, 5, 486–493Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100546a014https://doi.org/10.1021/j100546a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1577Altmetric-Citations546LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Developing Combinations of Message Appeals for CampaignManagement (1993)

Suggests that some of the most difficult decisions facing advertising managers are in planning creative tasks such as message appeals. Presents a multicriteria decision model to manage diversity and potential conflict by achieving an effective balance across a multiplicity of creative options. Justifies the suitability of using an analytical hierarchy process, or AHP, to derive an effective combination of advertising objectives and creative strategies for a given campaign. The results reinforce the storyboard and indicate the model is a practical addition for advertising design. Suggests that extensions to the hierarchy, such as media planning, could occupy future research.
Comparison of the Thermal Conductivity, Electrical Resistivity, and Seebeck Coefficient of a High-Purity Iron and an Armco Iron to 1000°C (1966)

The effects of temperature, purity, magnetic state, and crystal structure on the thermal conductivity, electrical resistivity, and Seebeck coefficient of iron were obtained from measurements on Armco iron (99.5% pure, ρ300/ρ4.2=11.0) and a high-purity iron (99.95% pure, ρ300/ρ4.2=26.2). The most probable determinate errors of the measurements were thermal conductivity ±1.5%, electrical resistivity ±0.1%, and Seebeck coefficient ±0.9%; and larger absolute errors. Where theory permits, the thermophysical properties of iron are discussed in terms of contributing transport mechanisms. The thermal conductivity of iron can be calculated to ±1.5% between 0° and 910°C from electrical-resistivity measurements and the lattice portion of the thermal conductivity determined in this study.
Quantifying Uncertainty into Numerical Probabilities for the Reporting of Intelligence (1973)

Abstract : Within intelligence systems, it is important to assess the probability that certain events will occur and to determine the reliability of information on them. Any degree of uncertainty over these events or the information can be quantified into numerical probabilities, which can then be readily and accurately communicated within the system. Four advantages which stem from using numerical probabilities are discussed.
Influence of Realistic Ply-Drop Geometries on Interlaminar Stresses in Tapered Laminates (1995)

A finite element model of a tapered specimen was developed that incorporates naturally occurring realistic geometries such as ill-formed resin pockets, unsymmetric and offset ply-drop locations, varying ply thickness, and voids. Parametric studies were performed to determine the effects of these geometries, which occur naturally in a manufactured specimen. Illformed resin pockets increase the effective taper angle at the ply drop and cause a corresponding increase in the interlaminar stresses. In addition, the onset of damage location is dependent on the geometry of the ill-formed pocket. The effect of ply drops occurring unsymmetrically about the midplane is significant for offset values that occur as a result of the manufacturing process. Again the location for damage onset is dependent on the amount of the offset of the resin pocket. Voids or fracture within the resin pockets significantly increase the interlaminar stress at the ply drop and thus decrease the damage onset load within the tapered element.