gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Protection of Embryonated Eggs Infected with Infectious Bronchitis or Newcastle Disease Virus by Polypeptides. (1953)

ConclusionPolylysine was found to exert a marked protective effect in embryonated eggs subsequently infected with recently isolated infectious bronchitis virus. This protective effect was significantly less after several egg passages and with strains of infectious bronchitis which were completely egg adapted. Embryonated eggs infected with Newcastle disease virus were also protected by polylysine.
Where are the circuit breakers? (2002)

A technique for using relays and a fuse to replace the output circuit breaker on a rectifier module is presented. The technique involves less power loss, less cost, greater compactness, and greater reliability than the traditional circuit breaker. The application is a switched mode rectifier for telecommunications.
Optical diffraction pattern measurements using a self-scanning photodiode array interfaced to a microcomputer (1987)

A system for recording and analyzing optical diffraction patterns using a self-scanning photodiode array interfaced to a popular microcomputer is described. The detector array consists of 128 photodiodes on 25-μm centers and is sensitive to light in the visible portion of the spectrum. Details of the interface between the array and an Apple II microcomputer are given. The overall performance of the system is demonstrated for Fresnel diffraction by a single slit.
Mutations throughout the S6 region of the hKv1.5 channel alter the stability of the activation gate (2002)

The S6 segment of voltage-gated K(+) channels is thought to contribute to the gate that opens the central permeation pathway. Here we present evidence that mutations throughout the cytoplasmic end of S6 strongly influence hKv1.5 channel gating characteristics. Modification of hKv1.5 at positions T505, V512, and S515 resulted in large negative shifts in the voltage dependence of activation, whereas modifications at position Y519 resulted in negative (Y519N) and positive (Y519F) shifts. When adjusted for the altered voltage sensitivity, activation kinetics of mutated channels were similar to those of the wild-type (WT) channel; however, deactivation kinetics of mutations T505I, T505V, V512A, and V512M [time constant (tau) = 35, 250, 170, and 420 ms, respectively] were still slower than WT (tau = 8.3 ms). In addition, deactivation of WT channels was highly temperature sensitive. However, deactivation of T505I and V512A channels was largely temperature insensitive. Together, these data suggest that mutations in S6 decouple activation from deactivation by altering the open-state stability and that residues on both sides of the highly conserved Pro-X-Pro sequence influence the movement of S6 during channel gating.
Comprex<sup>R</sup> Supercharging for Passenger Diesel Car Engines (1980)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Based on the experience with supercharging of engines in commercial vehicles, investigations have been carried out during the past two years on diesel engines for automobiles. The results as regards performance, fuel consumption, and the characteristics of the exhaust gas are very encouraging, so that a complete range of pressure-wave superchargers (PWS) is in preparation to cover a range of between about 30 and 100 kW. A high degree of charging at medium and low speeds, combined with spontaneous availability of the torque, allows the engine to be made smaller, thereby shifting the average working point towards the optimal consumption of the engine, but without sacrificing driveability.</div>
Visual business recognition (2013)

In this paper we investigate a new problem called visual business recognition. Automatic identification of businesses in images is an interesting task with plenty of potential applications especially for mobile device users. We propose a multimodal approach which incorporates business directories, textual information, and web images in a unified framework. We assume the query image is associated with a coarse location tag and utilize business directories for extracting an over complete list of nearby businesses which may be visible in the image. We use the name of nearby businesses as search keywords in order to automatically collect a set of relevant images from the web and perform image matching between them and the query. Additionally, we employ a text processing method customized for business recognition which is assisted by nearby business names; we fuse the information acquired from image matching and text processing in a probabilistic framework to recognize the businesses. We tested the proposed algorithm on a challenging set of user-uploaded and street view images with promising results for this new application.
Static Noise Margin and Power-Gating Efficiency of a New Nonvolatile SRAM Cell Based on Pseudo-Spin-Transistor Architecture (2012)

Static noise margin (SNM) and power-gating efficiency were computationally analyzed for our proposed nonvolatile SRAM (NV-SRAM) cell based on pseudo-spin-MOSFET (PS-MOSFET) architecture using spin-transfer-torque MTJs (STT-MTJs). The NV-SRAM cell has the same SNM as an optimized 6T-SRAM cell. SNM was also evaluated for other recently-proposed NV-SRAM cells using STT-MTJs, and we showed that their SNMs were deteriorated owing to the effect of the constituent STT-MTJs. Break-even time (BET) and power efficiency were analyzed for the NV-SRAM cell using PS-MOSFETs. The BET can be successfully minimized by controlling the bias of the cell. The average power dissipation can be effectively reduced by power-gating (PG) executions, and the further reduction is made possible by introducing a sleep mode (which is a data retention mode using a low power supply voltage).
Variables associated with length of stay in patients undergoing mastectomy and delayed‐immediate breast reconstruction with tissue expander (2019)

Delayed-immediate reconstruction with the placement of tissue expanders at the time of mastectomy is a common approach to breast reconstruction. The purpose of this study was to identify variables associated with increased LOS in patients that underwent bilateral or unilateral mastectomy with tissue expander placement. Bilateral procedure, a diagnosis of anxiety or depression, and age >55 years were independently associated with increased LOS. More recent year of surgery and Friday surgery were associated with decreased LOS.
Within Vessel Sequential Multiple Scattering Sensitizes Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy Measurements to Erythrocyte Shear Induced Diffusion (2012)

We suggest that scatterer motion measured using diffuse correlation spectroscopy is substantially related to shear induced erythrocyte diffusion in the blood flow frame of reference, due to multiple sequential scattering events in most vessels.
Synthesis of 1H-1-(1-alkynyl)-5-methyl-1,2,3-benziodoxathiole 3,3-dioxides: alkynyl(aryl)iodonium sulfonates with heterocyclic iodine (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of 1H-1-(1-alkynyl)-5-methyl-1,2,3-benziodoxathiole 3,3-dioxides: alkynyl(aryl)iodonium sulfonates with heterocyclic iodineGerald F. Koser, Guoping Sun, Cyndi W. Porter, and Wiley J. YoungsCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 25, 7310–7312Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00077a071https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00077a071research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views980Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
SIMULTANEOUS ULTRASONIC MONITORING OF CRACK GROWTH AND DYNAMIC LOADS DURING A FULL SCALE FATIGUE TEST OF AN AIRCRAFT WING (2009)

An in situ ultrasonic angle beam method has been developed to detect and size fatigue cracks emanating from fastener holes. The method employs transducers mounted in a pitch‐catch configuration on each side of the hole, and the modulation of received signals with load is used to detect and size small fatigue cracks. The focus of this paper is the monitoring of a series of critical fastener holes during a full scale fatigue test of an aircraft wing. Essential to the success of this method is the ability to use the same ultrasonic signal as is used for crack monitoring to estimate the instantaneous load. The applied load causes a time shift in ultrasonic echo arrivals resulting from both dimensional changes and the acoustoelastic effect. Waveforms are recorded randomly during fatiguing, and the dynamically applied load associated with each waveform is estimated from the measured time shift. Additionally, small cracks near the hole open and close during fatigue loading, causing a modulation of the amplitude of the received signals with load. The amount of energy reduction as a function of load is analyzed to estimate the cumulative area of cracks near the fastener hole. The load monitoring capability of the ultrasonic method is also valuable for quantitatively assessing the degree of local loading experienced by a specific fastener hole, which may not be possible with strain gauges. The wing panel test reported here took place over about seven weeks with near real time reporting of results, which has demonstrated the robustness of the ultrasonic method and its ability to both detect cracks and monitor their growth.
Rapid improvement of patient-reported CDAI diary components by day 8 in active Crohnʼs disease patients treated with certolizumab pegol (2009)

4.8 g/d 2.4 g/d Hazard Ratio Previous Use of 2 Meds** SF 14days 22days 1.424 RB 9days* 20days 1.976 Both SF and RB 25days* 49days 1.675 *p0.05; **including oral 5-ASAs, rectal therapies, steroids, or immunomodulators CONCLUSION: In general, the magnitude of the dose benefit (Hazard Ratio) for 4.8g/d vs 2.4g/d was greater in patients previously treated with UC medical therapies. Delayed-release mesalamine at a dose of 4.8g/d decreased the median time to resolution of the hallmark symptoms of UC compared to 2.4g/d in moderate UC patients with a history of more difficult to treat disease.
Einführung (2001)

Das Interesse am Thema Wissensmanagement und die wissenschaftliche Auseinandersetzung mit dem Begriff des Wissens haben in den letzten Jahren sowohl in der Theorie als auch in der Praxis stark zugenommen.1 Wissensmanagement2 ist dabei zum Synonym für den effektiven und effizienten Aufbau von nachhaltigen Wettbewerbsvorteilen geworden.3
The status of ongoing trials for mild cognitive impairment (2001)

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a term used to describe memory decline or other specific cognitive impairment in individuals who do not have dementia or significant impairment of other cognitive functions beyond that expected for their age or education. It has been suggested that as much as 38% of the elderly population would meet criteria for MCI and although the associated memory deficits are mild, the fact that up to 15% of MCI patients, particularly those with a particular type of memory impairment, convert to Alzheimer's disease (AD) annually has prompted serious attention. Despite the high conversion rate, MCI cannot be used synonymously with early or mild AD, as patients with AD are impaired not only in memory performance but in other cognitive domains as well; they meet diagnostic criteria for dementia. However, since there is a high conversion rate from MCI to AD, it is likely many with MCI have the underlying neuropathology of AD, though they do not yet meet clinical diagnostic criteria. Therefore, treatment strategies developed for AD, specifically acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and Cox-2 inhibitors, have been among the first employed to treat MCI. It is hoped that by impeding the progression of MCI in this manner, fewer patients will convert to AD. This article will give a brief overview of the condition of mild cognitive impairment and an account of trial methodology and current treatment strategies being employed for MCI.
Efficacy of JAK1/2 inhibition in murine immune bone marrow failure (2022)

Immune aplastic anemia (AA) is a severe blood disease characterized by T-lymphocyte- mediated stem cell destruction. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and immunosuppression are effective, but they entail costs and risks, and are not always successful. The Janus kinase (JAK) 1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib (RUX) suppresses cytotoxic T-cell activation and inhibits cytokine production in models of graft-versus-host disease. We tested RUX in murine immune AA for potential therapeutic benefit. After infusion of lymph node (LN) cells mismatched at the major histocompatibility complex [C67BL/6 (B6)⇒CByB6F1], RUX, administered as a food additive (Rux-chow), attenuated bone marrow hypoplasia, ameliorated peripheral blood pancytopenia, preserved hematopoietic progenitors, and prevented mortality, when used either prophylactically or therapeutically. RUX suppressed the infiltration, proliferation, and activation of effector T cells in the bone marrow and mitigated Fas-mediated apoptotic destruction of target hematopoietic cells. Similar effects were obtained when Rux-chow was fed to C.B10 mice in a minor histocompatibility antigen mismatched (B6⇒C.B10) AA model. RUX only modestly suppressed lymphoid and erythroid hematopoiesis in normal and irradiated CByB6F1 mice. Our data support clinical trials of JAK/STAT inhibitors in human AA and other immune bone marrow failure syndromes.
Thermosensitive gel formation of novel polypeptides containing a collagen‐derived Pro‐Hyp‐Gly sequence and an elastin‐derived Val‐Pro‐Gly‐Val‐Gly sequence (2005)

Abstract A triple‐helix‐forming collagen model peptide, (prolyl‐ trans ‐4‐hydroxyprolyl‐glycyl) 10 [(Pro‐Hyp‐Gly) 10 ], and a thermosensitive elastin‐derived pentapeptide, valyl‐prolyl‐glycyl‐valyl‐glycyl (Val‐Pro‐Gly‐Val‐Gly), were copolymerized in various mole ratios using 1‐ethyl‐3‐(3‐dimethylaminopropyl)‐carbodiimide hydrochloride and 1‐hydroxybenzotriazole in dimethyl sulfoxide at 20 °C. All of the obtained polypeptides have molecular weight higher than 10 3 and contain a triple‐helical structure, and showed an inverse phase transition from transparent solution to turbid suspension in response to a rise in temperature. The lower critical solution temperature of the polypeptide solution decreased upon increasing the content of Val‐Pro‐Gly‐Val‐Gly. Furthermore, polypeptides containing 82–86 mol % of Val‐Pro‐Gly‐Val‐Gly in composition showed reversible gel formation, suggesting that (Pro‐Hyp‐Gly) 10 acts as a hydrated unit and Val‐Pro‐Gly‐Val‐Gly acts as a thermosensitive crosslinking point. These biodegradable thermosensitive polypeptides may be useful for biomedical applications, including, as a scaffold for tissue regeneration. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 6048–6056, 2005
Sequential Follow-Up Results of Catheter Intervention for Coronary Artery Lesions After Kawasaki Disease (2002)

Catheter intervention for Kawasaki disease can be accomplished and can be effective in the short term, but the long-term efficacy should be verified by further study.
{sets} -- A lightweight constraint programming language based on ROBDDs (2007)

Constraint programming is a step toward ideal programming: you merely define the problem domain and the constraints the solution must meet and let the computer do the rest. Many constraint programming languages have been developed; the majority of them employ iterative constraint propagation over the problem variables. While such an approach solves many problems and can handle very rich data types, it is often too inefficient to be practical. To address this problem, we developed a constraint programming language called {sets} that uses reduced ordered binary decision diagrams (ROBDDs) as the solution engine. Providing a minimal syntax, the language can be used to solve many finite problems that fit the constraint programming paradigm. The minimal syntax and simple semantics of the language enable the user to create libraries customized for a specific problem domain. {sets} is particularly useful in problems where an efficient search algorithm yet know to exist or can not be developed due to time constraints. As long as the solution domain is finite and discrete, {sets} should be able to describe the problem and search for a solution. We describe the {sets} language through a series of examples, show how it is compiled into C++ code that uses a public-domain ROBDD library, and compare the performance of this language with other constraint languages.
Efficient Construction of Decision Trees by the Dual Information Distance Method (2014)

The construction of efficient decision and classification trees is a fundamental task in Big Data analytics which is known to be NP-hard. Accordingly, many greedy heuristics were suggested for the construction of decision-trees, but were found to result in local-optimum solutions. In this work we present the dual information distance (DID) method for efficient construction of decision trees that is computationally attractive, yet relatively robust to noise. The DID heuristic selects features by considering both their immediate contribution to the classification, as well as their future potential effects. It represents the construction of classification trees by finding the shortest paths over a graph of partitions that are defined by the selected features. The DID method takes into account both the orthogonality between the selected partitions, as well as the reduction of uncertainty on the class partition given the selected attributes. We show that the DID method often outperforms popular classifiers, in terms of average depth and classification accuracy.
Sustained Antioxidant Activity of Quercetin-Loaded Lipid-Core Nanocapsules (2012)

Lipid-core nanocapsules (LNC) are vesicular nanocarriers prepared by solvent displacement. LNC have been previously prepared using medium-chain triglyceride and sorbitan monostearate as liquid and solid lipophilic components dispersed in the core, surrounded by poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL). Our objective was to investigate the antioxidant activity of LNC containing quercetin (QUE), a radical scavenger, prepared with octyl methoxycinnamate and sorbitan monostearate as lipophilic core components and PCL as the polymer wall. We selected Saccharomyces cerevisae cells as the proposed biological model. QUE-LNC presented z-average diameter of 212 nm, pH of 5.51 and zeta potential of -11 mV. Multiple light scattering analysis (TurbiscanLab) showed a photon path length of 172 microm. Furthermore, a validated turbidimetric study determined that the density of particles in suspension was 1.66 x 10(13). DSC analysis showed that the melting temperature of PCL shifted to lower values when in contact with octyl methoxycinnamate indicating a molecular interaction. After 1 h (7 h), the QUE-LNC formulation and QUE solution incubated with H2O2 showed cell survival of 84.4% (87.7%) and 65.6% (7.3%), respectively. After 35 h of incubation, cell survival was 31.7% and 0.9%, respectively. The QUE-LNC showed sustained antioxidant activity and potential as a nanostructured material to formulate final products.
DIFFERENCES IN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND ITS RATE OF CHANGE BY WORK AND VOLUNTEER PARTICIPATION IN MID-TO-LATE LIFE (2018)

Physical activity (PA) and its associated health benefits are widely recognized but how working and volunteering contribute to PA level and change with aging is unclear. This study evaluates this association in 694 adults (mean age 70 years) Accelerometry data were collected and processed into minutes spent in inactivity, light, and moderate intensity PA. Working, volunteering, and caregiving were self-reported. 291 participants were reassessed 1–4 years later (mean 2.5 years). Differences in time spent in each PA intensity and their rate of change were modeled using linear regressions adjusted for demographics, BMI, and comorbidities. Engaging in any work or volunteering was associated with higher daily light PA and lower inactive minutes, than no engagement (p =0.009, p= 0.01, respectively). No longitudinal differences were observed (p>0.05 for all). Working and/or volunteering are positively associated with higher levels of light PA and lower inactive time, and may provide health benefits with aging.
Enhanced dispersion of boron nitride nanosheets in aqueous media by using bile acid-based surfactants (2017)

Facile noncovalent surface functionalization of hydroxylated boron nitride nanosheet (BNNS-OH) was attempted through the sonication-assisted exfoliation of h-BN in aqueous media in the presence of bile acid-based surfactants such as sodium cholic acid (SC) or sodium deoxycholic acid (SDC), resulting in SC- or SDC-BNNS-OH dispersion with high up to 2 mg ml−1 and enhanced dispersion stability due to the increased negative zeta potential. While prepared SC-BNNS-OH revealed multi-layered BNNS structures, the large lateral sizes of hundreds nanometers and clear h-BN lattice structures are very promising for the preparation and application of water-processable BNNS-based nanomaterials. It is regarded that noncovalent functionalization of BNNS-OH based on σ-π interaction between with σ-rich bile acid-based amphiphiles and π-rich BNNS is very effective to formulate multi-functional BNNS-based nanomaterials or hybrids that can be utilized in various applications where both the pristine properties of BNNS and the extra functions are simultaneously required.
Control of Astigmatism Aided by Intraoperative Keratometry (1993)

An evaluation of the final "sutures out" postoperative astigmatism in two groups of keratoconus patients undergoing penetrating keratoplasty is presented. Group I consists of a retrospective evaluation of keratoconus patients who underwent penetrating keratoplasty without using the Troutman Keratometer prior to suturing the button into position. Group II patients had their donor button rotated in the recipient bed until approximate sphericity was indicated by a circular reflex from the Troutman Keratometer before suturing into position. The mean final astigmatism with all sutures removed from Group I was 4.64, SD 1.89, and for Group II 2.27, SD 1.27. Selective positioning of the donor button using the Troutman Keratometer leads to a significant reduction in the final sutures out astigmatism in patients undergoing penetrating keratoplasty for keratoconus.
Impact of Continuous Actuation on the Reliability of Dielectric-less Ohmic RF-MEMS Switches (2009)

The influence of continuous actuation stress\non the reliability of dielectric-less ohmic RF-MEMS\ncantilever-based switches was investigated in this work.\nComparing different designs, the changing of the main\nelectrical parameters during the stress were attributed to\noxide-around-actuator charging phenomena, leading to both\nnarrowing and shifting of traditional hysteresis-like curves.\nRecovery procedures were also analyzed.