gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Measurement of RF properties of glob top and under-encapsulant materials (2002)

In this paper we introduce an improved RF dielectric measurement technique based on the Agilent 4291A Impedance Analyzer and 16453A Dielectric Material Test Fixture covering frequencies ranging from 1 MHz to 1 GHz. The measurement structure is a simple parallel plate capacitor with the material under test serving as the dielectric. Obtaining consistent data requires careful sample preparation and accurate alignment between the 16453A electrodes. We describe our procedures for creating flat, polished, metallized samples starting with encapsulant samples in their liquid form. Data for a variety of encapsulants are shown. The technique is readily extendable to solid materials, and we include data for selected samples of LTCC substrates as well as a MAPBGA molding compound.
Medically Useful Criteria for Analytic Performance of Laboratory Tests (1985)

To establish medically useful guidelines for analytic precision of commonly used clinical laboratory procedures, the authors conducted a mail survey of physicians selected randomly from national lists of specialists. They were asked to review, briefly, outlined clinical problems and select the change in test results that would alter their diagnosis or treatment or prompt further assessment of the patient's condition. The responses were used to calculate goals for laboratory precision that are sufficient to meet the present requirements of the average physician. The medically useful limits were compared with existing performance of laboratories as reported in national proficiency surveys and regional quality control programs. Almost all the common laboratory procedures they studied are being assayed at a precision level adequate for the perceived needs. The authors suggest that, for the more common constituents, further progress in clinical laboratory testing will depend on factors other than the improvement of analytic precision.
On Trying to Say What We Say (1994)

Don Bell outlines how he teaches aspects of English rhythm and stress in the Mathematics class.
Gleichgewichtsstudien an ternären Oxidsystemen des Kupfers (1964)

Isothermal decomposition measurements have been made in the systems CuMnO, CuSiO and CuTiO at higher temperatures, predominantly at 1000°C. For CuMnO, in addition to the boundary phases CuO, Cu 2 O, Mn 2 O 3 and Mn 3 O 4 the spinel compound CuMn 2 O 4 and two phases A (A 1 , A 2 and A 3 ) and B (B 1 , B 2 , B 3 ) are found, CuMn 2 O 4 forming mixed crystals with Mn 3 O 4 , and Cu 2 Mn 2 O 4 being one of the limiting compositions of phase B. In the system CuSiO, no anhydrous copper(I) or ‐(II) silicates do occur at 1000°C. In the complicated system CuTiO the compounds Cu 3 TiO 4 and Cu 2 TiO 3 are supposed to exist.
Location of a 1<i>A</i> <i>g</i> state in bithiophene (1992)

The 0–0 excitation energy of a 1Ag state of 2,2′-bithiophene has been determined by measuring the two-photon fluorescence excitation spectrum of a dilute solution of this molecule in crystalline n-hexane at 77 K. Because the 0–0 energy is what would have been predicted by extrapolating previously measured α,ω-dithienylpolyene 2 1Ag 0–0 energies to zero polyene chain length, it is assigned to the 2 1Ag state. The 0–0 band is centered at 36 173 cm−1, approximately 6570 cm−1 above the 0–0 of the 1 1Ag to 1 1Bu transition. This order of bithiophene excited singlet states is opposite to that of the linear polyene with the same number of double bond but may reverse for chains longer than six repeat units.
Growth kinetics of biopigment production by Thai isolated Monascus purpureus in a stirred tank bioreactor (2010)

Monascus purpureus is a biopigment-producing fungi whose pigments can be used in many biotechnological and food industries. The growth kinetics of biopigment production were investigated in a liquid fermentation medium in a 5-l stirred tank bioreactor at 30°C, pH 7, for 8 days with 100 rpm agitation and 1.38 × 10(5) N/m(2) aeration. Thai Monascus purpureus strains TISTR 3002, 3180, 3090 and 3385 were studied for color production, growth kinetics and productivity. Citrinin as a toxic metabolite was measured from the Monascus fermentation broth. The biopigment productions were detected from fermentation broth by scanning spectra of each strain produced. Results showed a mixture of yellow, orange and red pigments with absorption peaks of pigments occurring at different wavelengths for the four strains. It was found that for each pigment color, the color production from the strains increased in the order TISTR 3002, 3180, 3090, 3385 with 3385 production being approximately 10 times that of 3002. Similar results were found for growth kinetics and productivity. HPLC results showed that citrinin was not produced under the culture conditions of this study. The L*, a* and b* values of the CIELAB color system were also obtained for the yellow, orange and red pigments produced from the TISTR 3002, 3180, 3090 and 3385 strains. The colors of the pigments ranged from burnt umber to deep red.
Exploring Intentions to Use Virtual Worlds for Business (2009)

Virtual worlds are becoming increasingly sophisticated, showing potential as a platform for a variety of collaborative activities in business. This exploratory study examines user‟s intentions to use the virtual world Second Life (SL), and the factors associated with the intentions. Based on Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), flow theory, and extended models of TAM, a research model is proposed with seven constructs. The model is tested through a survey administered to business school students who have participated in a business-oriented exercise using Second Life. Results show that perceived usefulness and perceived enjoyment have significant impacts on behavioral intentions to use SL for business activities, while perceived ease of use is not a significant direct antecedent to behavioral intentions. Additionally, computer playfulness and computer self-efficacy are shown as important predictors to perceived ease of use. Implications and limitations are discussed.
Human placental alkaline phosphatase Pstl RFLP alleles are the result of a single base substitution (1990)

Journal Article Human placental alkaline phosphatase Pstl RFLP alleles are the result of a single base substitution Get access Robert C. Penhallow, Robert C. Penhallow Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Pathology, Stanford Universrty School of MedicineStanford, CA 94305, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Howard H. Sussman Howard H. Sussman Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Pathology, Stanford Universrty School of MedicineStanford, CA 94305, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 18, Issue 7, 11 April 1990, Page 1930, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/18.7.1930 Published: 11 April 1990
&#946;&#45;Cyclodextrin coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles: a simple preparation and application for selective oxidation of alcohols in water (2013)

A magnetically separable catalyst was synthesized via a carbodiimide activation process with β-cyclodextrin functionalized by core-shell nanoparticles (Fe3O4/SiO2/CM-β-CD). The catalyst presented high activity for selective oxidation of various alcohols with NaOCl as oxidant and water only as the solvent. A substrate-selective and transition metal-free process was achieved with easy separation of the catalyst.
Nickel Uptake by Rajmash (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Grown on Sewage-Irrigated Soils (2013)

A pot experiment indicated that the root, shoot, total dry matter yields, Ni concentrations and uptake by rajmash increased with increasing levels of Ni-FA (fulvic acid). The mean root, shoot and total dry matter increased from 0.18 to 0.23, 1.61 to 1.94 and 1.79 to 2.17 g pot−1 with increasing levels of Ni. The total dry matter yield showed positive and significant correlation with root density (r = 0.926**) and root length (r = 0.958**) and negative and significant correlation with root radius (r = -0.745**) and half distance between roots (r = -0.929**). Nickel concentration in root, shoot and total dry matter of rajmash ranged from 37.5 to 88.3, 11.2 to 29.3 and 24.4 to 58.8 mg kg−1, respectively and the Ni uptake varied from 3.9 to 27.9, 6.3 to 85.8 and 11.0 to 113.6 μg pot−1, respectively in different soils. The Ni content and uptake by root, shoot and total dry matter exhibited positive and significant correlation with pH (r = 0.870**, r = 0.826**), EC (r = 765**, r = 0.813**), organic carbon (r = 0.870**, r= 0.950**), CEC (r = 0.855**, r = 0.890**). Diffusion coefficient had positive and significant correlation with Ni uptake (r = 0.640*). Root density and length were positively and significantly correlated with soil parameters, uptake and yield and negatively correlated with clay. Similarly root radius and half distance between roots showed negative and significant correlation with soil parameters and positive association with clay. The DTPA-Ni showed positive and significant correlation with pH (r = 0.810), EC (r = 0.711*), organic carbon (r = 0.931**), CEC (r = 0.841**), Nicontent (r = 0.954**) and uptake (r = 0.973**).
Polygon-Polygon Collision Detection in 2D (2003)

Collision detection between moving objects is an open question which raises major problems concerning its algorithmic complexity. In this paper we present a polygon collision detection algorithm which uses polygon decomposition through triangle coverings and polygon influence areas (implemented by signs of barycentric coordinates). By using influence areas and the temporal and spatial coherence property, the amount of time needed to detect a collision between objects is reduced. By means of these techniques, a valid representation for any kind of polygon is obtained, whether concave or convex, manifold or nonmanifold, with or without holes, as well as a collision detection algorithm for this type of figures. This detection algorithm has been compared with the well-known PIVOT2D1 one and better results have been achieved in most situations. This improvement together with its possible extension to 3D makes it an attractive method because pre-processing of the polygons is no longer necessary. Besides, since this method uses sign operations, it proves to be a simple, more efficient and robust method.
Dissolution of Barite Scale using Chelating Agents (2012)

Barium sulfate scaling can cause many oilfield problems leading to loss of well productivity and well abandonment. Currently, diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) is used, along with synergist oxalic acid and potassium hydroxide, to remove the scale by dissolution. However, the chemical factors affecting this reaction are not known fully, leading to mixed results in terms of treatment effectiveness. This thesis investigates the effect of these factors, by analyzing the change in barite dissolution due to intrinsic factors like variations in formulation composition and extrinsic factors like presence of competing ions. The dissolution reaction is carried out, by taking the barite powder and chelant solution in a teflon round bottom flask and measuring the barite dissolved periodically, with an ICP-OES. The effect of different factors is studied by varying each factor individually and plotting the changes in solubilities.\n\nThese lab tests show that solubility of barite (0.01mM in water), ideally, increases with increasing concentrations of chelating agents, even going as high as 239 mM. However experimental or field constraints lead to significant decrease in dissolution, especially at higher chelant concentrations. Thus, field tests to determine most effective chelant concentrations must precede treatment design. Lab tests also show that combination of DTPA with weaker chelating agents like ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), L-glutamic acid, N,N-diacetic acid (GLDA) or methyl glycine diacetic acid (MGDA) reduces barite dissolution and should be avoided during treatment design. Addition of synergists to the formulations, initially improves dissolution performance, especially for moderate chelant concentrations, but proves detrimental and hence must be avoided, over longer treatments. Finally, presence of competing ions in seawater, calcium sulfate and calcium carbonate, can significantly reduce barite dissolution and must be carefully studied for each formation-fluid system before design of treatments. \n\nThus, this project sets a framework to identify the best chelant formulation and estimate its dissolution profile to ensure, a more informed treatment design for barite scale removal.
Development of a Bio-Inspired Magnetostrictive Flow and Tactile Sensor (2012)

A magnetostrictive sensor was designed, constructed, and evaluated for use as flow or tactile sensor. Vibrissa-like beams (whiskers) were cut from sheets of the magnetostrictive iron-gallium alloy, Galfenol. These beams were cantilevered, with the fixed end of the whisker attached to a permanent magnet to provide the whisker with a magnetic bias. The free portion of the whisker was quasi-statically loaded, causing the whisker-like sensor to bend. The bending-induced strain caused the magnetization of the whisker to change, resulting in a changing magnetic field in the area surrounding the whisker. The change in magnetic field was detected by a giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensor placed in proximity to the whisker. Therefore, the electrical resistance change of the GMR sensor was a function of the bending in the whisker due to external forces. Prototype design was aided using a bidirectionally coupled magnetoelastic model for computer simulation. The prototype was tested and evaluated under tactile loading and low speed flow conditions.
High-power passively Q-switched 2  μm all-solid-state laser based on a Bi_2Te_3 saturable absorber (2017)

By using the ultrasound-assisted liquid phase exfoliation method, Bi2Te3 nanosheets are synthesized and deposited onto a quartz plate to form a kind of saturable absorber (SA), in which nonlinear absorption properties around 2 μm are analyzed with a home-made mode-locked laser. With the as-prepared Bi2Te3 SA employed, a stable passively Q-switched all-solid-state 2 μm laser is successfully realized. Q-switched pulses with a maximum average output power of 2.03 W are generated under an output coupling of 5%, corresponding to the maximum single-pulse energy of 18.4 μJ and peak power of 23 W. The delivered shortest pulse duration and maximum repetition rate are 620 ns and 118 kHz under an output coupling of 2%, respectively. It is the first presentation of such Bi2Te3 SA employed in a solid-state Q-switched crystalline laser at 2 μm, to the best of our knowledge. In comparison with other 2D materials suitable for pulsed 2 μm lasers, the saturable absorption performance of Bi2Te3 SA is proved to be promising in generating high power and high-repetition-rate 2 μm laser pulses.
“We Believe the Bible” (2021)

Christianity is a small but growing minority in Cambodia, accounting for only about 3% of the population yet growing there at a rate faster than in any other country in Southeast Asia. In Cambodian Christian communities, it is not uncommon to find more women than men in the churches. Cambodian boys often spend a brief period of their youth as novice monks at Theravada Buddhist monasteries, during which time they have the opportunity to become familiar with the Pali language and holy texts. Girls are not afforded this same opportunity, as there are no nuns (bhikkhuni) in contemporary Theravada. Within the Christian community in Cambodia, women carry out much of the service work in the churches, but only rarely are they invited to preach, let alone to become pastors—as is the case in much of the world. This article, based on interviews and participant observation with evangelical churches in Cambodia in 2019, demonstrates the ways in which ministry carried out by women has been characterized by courageous creativity, empowered through physical distance, and undergirded by a resoluteness of vocation.
Simultaneous Traffic Sign Detection and Boundary Estimation Using Convolutional Neural Network (2018)

We propose a novel traffic sign detection system that simultaneously estimates the location and precise boundary of traffic signs using convolutional neural network (CNN). Estimating the precise boundary of traffic signs is important in navigation systems for intelligent vehicles where traffic signs can be used as 3-D landmarks for road environment. Previous traffic sign detection systems, including recent methods based on CNN, only provide bounding boxes of traffic signs as output, and thus requires additional processes such as contour estimation or image segmentation to obtain the precise boundary of signs. In this paper, the boundary estimation of traffic sign is formulated as 2-D pose and shape class prediction problem, and this is effectively solved by a single CNN. With the predicted 2-D pose and the shape class of a target traffic sign in the input, we estimate the actual boundary of the target sign by projecting the boundary of a corresponding template sign image into the input image plane. By formulating the boundary estimation problem as a CNN-based pose and shape prediction task, our method is end-to-end trainable, and more robust to occlusion and small targets than other boundary estimation methods that rely on contour estimation or image segmentation. With our architectural optimization of the CNN-based traffic sign detection network, the proposed method shows a detection frame rate higher than seven frames/second while providing highly accurate and robust traffic sign detection and boundary estimation results on a low-power mobile platform.
PLANT GROWTH REGULATOR ACTIVITY OF SOLUBLE HUMIC COMPLEXES (1984)

Auxin and cytokinin bioassays were performed to test the biological activity of soluble humic complexes (SHC). "Pea split stem curvature" (auxin test) and "cucumber" tests (cytokinin test) did not show any quantifiable biological activity of SHC. On the contrary, "cress test" and "senescence test" offered good evidence of a hormonal-like activity 100 times lower than that of IAA (10 mg IAA∙g −1 SHC) and 10 times lower than that of N 6 BA (100 mg N 6 BA∙g −1 SHC). At a high concentration of SHC, toxic effects were evident, indicating the presence of inhibitory substances which counteracted the hormone-like activity of humic complexes. Key words: Plant growth regulators, soluble humic complexes
Acoustic Phenomena in a Demand Mode Piezoelectric Ink jet Printer (2001)

This article addresses acoustic wave propagation in a piezoelectric ink jet printer. Acoustic resonances limit the operating frequency of ink jet devices and influence the timings of the electrical drive signals. In this study, the resonant frequencies in a multichannel printhead are determined through feedback from the fluid to the piezoelectric structure using an electrical impedance analyzer. We also analyze the influence of channel length on resonant frequency. In addition, the effect of different boundary conditions on the acoustic resonance of the channels was observed. Because the channels walls are compliant, the propagation of acoustic pressure waves in them is slower than the speed of sound in the fluid, which is a fluid property. The electrical impedance measurements allow the determination of the effective speed of sound in the channel and the optimal timing for the driving electrical signal. During printhead operation, the drop velocity can be modified by changing the duration of the electrical pulse sent to the piezoelectric actuator. The timing that produces the maximum drop velocity can be also related to the effective speed of sound in the channel. Comparison of the two data sets show that a printhead channel has an acoustical behavior closer to an open-open pipe.
The effect of the molecular structure of the chromophore on the photorefractive properties of the polymer systems with low glass transition temperatures (2002)

Seven chromophores with different dipole moments and polarizability anisotropies were synthesized by varying conjugation bridges, such as polyene, thiophene, indole, and benzene combined with strong electron-donor and electron-acceptor groups. The birefringence of photorefractive materials containing 30 wt% of chromophore was observed to be in the range of 0.45 × 10−3 to 5.0 × 10−3 at an electric field of 70 V µm−1, depending on the chromophore structure. The photorefractive material containing a polyene-based chromophore exhibited the highest photorefractive property, followed by those containing thiophene-based, benzene-based and indole-based chromophores. It was observed that, within material systems used in this study, photorefractive properties of guest–host systems were linearly proportional to the orientational birefringence.
Studies in brief-pulse electroconvulsive therapy: the voltage threshold, interpulse interval, and pulse polarity parameters. (1982)

Three studies of parameters of short-pulse ECT are reported: (i) voltage threshold, (ii) interpulse interval, an (iii) pulse polarity. Using a defined standard stimulus, voltage thresholds were found to vary from 110-250 V with a mean of 185 V. Some patients also required an increased number of pulses. The interpulse interval study demonstrated that intervals from 30 to 50 msec were successful in over 90% of the group. An interpulse interval of 30 msec was adopted as a standard treatment. The third study demonstrated no difference in efficiency of convulsion production when all positive, all negative, or alternating positive and negative pulse stimuli were applied.
Privacy-Preserving Collaborative Learning for Mobile Health Monitoring (2014)

Health monitoring is an important category of mobile Health (mHealth) applications. Users generate a large volume of data during health monitoring, which can then be used by the mHealth server for constructing diagnosis or prognosis prediction models. However, these training samples contain private information of data owners, who may be reluctant to share them with the mHealth server. This paper proposes and experimentally studies a scheme that keeps the training samples private while enabling accurate construction of diagnosis and prognosis models. We specifically consider logistic regression models which are widely used in mHealth, and decompose the logistic regression model construction problem into small subproblems that can be executed by each user using their own private data. In this manner, users can keep their raw data locally and only upload encrypted parameters to the mHealth server for model construction. We show that our scheme suits well in mHealth applications by conducting experimental evaluations based on a real-world dataset and analyzing its computation overhead.
Extraction and refining of edible oil from extrusion‐stabilized rice bran (1985)

Abstract Rice bran oil extracted from extrusion‐stabilized bran was processed to a high quality salad oil. Stabilization prevented free fatty acid formation in rice bran prior to solvent extraction of the oil and thus increased the yield of refined oil. The flake form of the stabilized bran allowed rapid solvent percolation and efficient lipid extraction. Degumming soon after extraction removed a larger proportion of the gums and waxes and resulted in a higher yield of refined oil than if this procedure was delayed. Alkali refining was found to be most efficient with a concentration of 16° Bé (2.77M) NaOH and 0.5% NaOH excess. Acid activated clay was effective in removing color from the refined oil, and the addition of charcoal did not improve bleaching ability. Stabilization temperatures, within the range studied, did not appear to affect the bleached oil color. Color was measured spectrophotometrically at 537 and 612 nm.