gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nonclinical Evaluation of Novel Cationically Modified Polysaccharide Antidotes for Unfractionated Heparin (2015)

Protamine, the only registered antidote of unfractionated heparin (UFH), may produce a number of adverse effects, such as anaphylactic shock or serious hypotension. We aimed to develop an alternative UFH antidote as efficient as protamine, but safer and easier to produce. As a starting material, we have chosen generally non-toxic, biocompatible, widely available, inexpensive, and easy to functionalize polysaccharides. Our approach was to synthesize, purify and characterize cationic derivatives of dextran, hydroxypropylcellulose, pullulan and γ-cyclodextrin, then to screen them for potential heparin-reversal activity using an in vitro assay and finally examine efficacy and safety of the most active polymers in Wistar rat and BALB/c mouse models of experimentally induced arterial and venous thrombosis. Efficacy studies included the measurement of thrombus formation, activated partial thromboplastin time, bleeding time, and anti-factor Xa activity; safety studies included the measurement of hemodynamic, hematologic and immunologic parameters. Linear, high molecular weight dextran substituted with glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride groups at a ratio of 0.65 per glucose unit (Dex40-GTMAC3) is the most potent and the safest UFH inhibitor showing activity comparable to that of protamine while possessing lower immunogenicity. Cationic polysaccharides of various structures neutralize UFH. Dex40-GTMAC3 is a promising and potentially better UFH antidote than protamine.
Determination of Forming Limit Stress Diagrams for the Characterization of Material for Sheet Metal Forming (2002)

Forming limit diagrams (FLD) are usually used to predict the possible failure of the material in a sheet metal forming process. The FLD shows the maximum strain to failure as a function of the strain state. Another way of describing the deformation limit of a material is a forming limit stress diagram (FLSD), which shows the equivalent stress to failure as a function of the principal stresses. The FLSD is independent of the deformation history and the deformation path of the material, which is in contrast to the commonly used forming limit diagram (FLD). FLSDs for five different deep drawing steel grades have been calculated from data of previously determined FLDs, flow curves, and anisotropy coefficients.
Pressure influence on the decay of the photoluminescence in Si nanopowder grown by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (1995)

The quenching of the photoluminescence (PL) intensity of Si powder grown by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition due to the residual gas pressure is reported. For He as well as for Ar, the dependence is exponential (IPL∝e−P/P0) with P0 depending on the gas. This behavior is further analyzed through the pressure influence on the PL decay transients. Conclusions are drawn concerning the way the presence of the gas influences the emitting centers.
A novel double anchored steel fiber for shotcrete (2002)

Given the high deformability requirements of shotcrete in repair, rehabilitation, slope stabilization, ground support, and other applications, the use of fibers in shotcrete is growing. Growing also are challenges surrounding the use of fibers in shotcrete not the least of which are a high fiber rebound in the dry process, lack of standardized test techniques, and a poor understanding of reinforcement mechanisms. In the context of rebound, unfortunately, the requirements for a low rebound often clash with the requirements for a high material toughness. This paper describes a new fiber developed at The University of British Columbia where a rational balance was sought between the conflicting requirements of rebound reduction and a high material toughness. The new fiber is based on a double anchoring principle and is optimized for both reduced rebound and a high toughness in hardened shotcrete.Key words: shotcrete, fiber reinforcement, steel fiber, toughness, rebound.
Menstrual breakdown of human endometrium can be mimicked in vitro and is selectively and reversibly blocked by inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases. (1996)

The mechanisms underlying the menstrual lysis leading to shedding of the human endometrium and its accompanying bleeding are still largely unknown. In particular, whether breakdown of the endometrial fibrillar extra-cellular matrix that precedes bleeding depends on aspartic-, cysteine-, serine-, or metalloproteinases remains unclear. In the present study, menstrual regression of the human endometrium was mimicked in organ culture. Whereas sex steroids could preserve tissue integrity only in nonperimenstrual explants, matrix breakdown upon sex steroid deprivation was completely and reversibly inhibited at all stages of the menstrual cycle by specific inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases, but not by inhibitors of the other classes of proteinases. Matrix metalloproteinases are thus identified as the key class of proteinases involved in the initiation of menstruation.
Die Rolle der Knochenzementplombe bei der intraläsionalen Tumorbehandlung (2008)

The article reports on the results of treatment of cystic and juxta-articular benign primary bone tumors and tumor-like lesions with a temporary bone cement plug. The mean implantation time of the cement plug was 18 months, following which the cement plug was replaced with an autologous spongiosa filling. Cases were followed up for an average of 58 months. In the patient group as a whole, a relapse rate of 5.8% was recorded (0% for Giant Cell Tumors alone). It was possible to describe the clinically functional results as "good" and "very good" in 95% of the cases. It is clear from these results that temporary plugging of large juxta-articular bone lesions is an excellent treatment method. The article goes on to describe complications in detail. Results are given in detailed tables.
Conserved Synthetic Peptides from the Hemagglutinin of Influenza Viruses Induce Broad Humoral and T-Cell Responses in a Pig Model (2012)

Outbreaks involving either H5N1 or H1N1 influenza viruses (IV) have recently become an increasing threat to cause potential pandemics. Pigs have an important role in this aspect. As reflected in the 2009 human H1N1 pandemia, they may act as a vehicle for mixing and generating new assortments of viruses potentially pathogenic to animals and humans. Lack of universal vaccines against the highly variable influenza virus forces scientists to continuously design vaccines à la carte, which is an expensive and risky practice overall when dealing with virulent strains. Therefore, we focused our efforts on developing a broadly protective influenza vaccine based on the Informational Spectrum Method (ISM). This theoretical prediction allows the selection of highly conserved peptide sequences from within the hemagglutinin subunit 1 protein (HA1) from either H5 or H1 viruses which are located in the flanking region of the HA binding site and with the potential to elicit broader immune responses than conventional vaccines. Confirming the theoretical predictions, immunization of conventional farm pigs with the synthetic peptides induced humoral responses in every single pig. The fact that the induced antibodies were able to recognize in vitro heterologous influenza viruses such as the pandemic H1N1 virus (pH1N1), two swine influenza field isolates (SwH1N1 and SwH3N2) and a H5N1 highly pathogenic avian virus, confirm the broad recognition of the antibodies induced. Unexpectedly, all pigs also showed T-cell responses that not only recognized the specific peptides, but also the pH1N1 virus. Finally, a partial effect on the kinetics of virus clearance was observed after the intranasal infection with the pH1N1 virus, setting forth the groundwork for the design of peptide-based vaccines against influenza viruses. Further insights into the understanding of the mechanisms involved in the protection afforded will be necessary to optimize future vaccine formulations.
Gastric enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells in hypergastrinaemic duodenal ulcer disease. (1990)

Patients with hypergastrinaemic duodenal ulcer disease were studied to determine whether chronic moderate hypergastrinaemia produces hyperplasia of gastric enterochromaffin-like cells in man. Eight patients had peak postprandial plasma gastrin concentrations greater than 200 pmol/l, which is the 92nd percentile for patients with duodenal ulcer disease in this laboratory. The control group was eight patients with duodenal ulcers whose peak postprandial gastrin concentrations were less than 200 pmol/l. Basal and peak postprandial plasma gastrin concentrations were 107 (37) and 306 (66) pmol/l (mean (SEM] respectively in the hypergastrinaemic patients compared with 26 (4) and 137 (14) pmol/l respectively in the controls. There was no significant difference in the density of gastrin enterochromaffin-like cells between the two groups. The number of enterochromaffin-like cells per high power field was 53 (8) in the hypergastrinaemic patients compared with 50 (8) in the controls. We conclude that chronic moderate hypergastrinaemia does not produce hyperplasia of enterochromaffin-like cells in man. Our hypergastrinaemic group had plasma gastrin concentrations similar to, or greater than those reported during treatment with drugs such as omeprazole and histamine H2 receptor blockers.
TFR: A Novel Approach for Clock Synchronization Fault Recovery in Precision Time Protocol (PTP) Networks (2017)

Accurate and precise clock synchronization is one of the fundamental requirements for various applications, such as telecommunication systems, measurement and control systems, and smart grid systems. Precision time protocol (PTP) was designed and specified in IEEE 1588 to meet that requirement. PTP provides a mechanism for synchronizing the clocks in a PTP system to a high degree of accuracy and precision based on exchange synchronization messages through a master–slave hierarchy. The best master clock (BMC) algorithm is currently used to establish the master–slave hierarchy for PTP. However, the BMC algorithm does not provide a fast recovery mechanism in case of master failures. The accuracy and precision of the PTP clocks could be deteriorated by the occurrence of failure in the network (link or node failure). These fault occurrences will affect network performance and reliability, and cause clock time drifting of the PTP nodes. In this paper, we present a novel approach, called timing fault recovery (TFR), to significantly reduce clock time drifting in PTP systems. TFR detects the fault occurrence in the network and recovers it by using a handshake mechanism with a short duration. Therefore, the TFR approach provides clock stability and constancy and increases the reliability and the availability of PTP systems. The performance of TFR has been analyzed and compared to that of the standard PTP. Various simulations were conducted to validate the performance analysis. The results show that, for our sample network, the TFR approach reduces clock drifting by 90% in comparison to the standard PTP, thus providing better clock firmness and synchronization accuracy for PTP clocks.
Development of Specialized Basis Functions and Efficient Substrate Integration Techniques for Electromagnetic Analysis of Interconnect and RF Inductors (2006)

The performance of several mixed-signal and RF-analog platforms depends on substrate effects that need to be represented in the library model with critical field solver accuracy. For instance, substrate-induced currents in RF inductors can severely affect quality and hence RF filter selectivity. We have developed an ef ficient approach to full-wave impedance extraction that accounts for substrate effects through the use of two-layer media Green’s functions in a mixed-potential-integral-equation (MPIE) solver. In particular, we have developed accelerated techniques for both volume and surface integrations in the solver. In this work, we have also introduced a technique for the numerical generation of high-order basis functions that can parameterize the frequency-variant nature of cross-sectional conductor current distributions. Hence skin and proximity effects can be captured utilizing fewer high-order basis functions in comparison to the prevalently used piecewise-constant basis functions. One important characteristic of these basis functions is that they need to be pre-computed only once per unique conductor cross-sectional geometry, and then stored off-line with a minimal associated cost. In addition, the robustness of these frequency-independent basis functions is enforced using an optimization routine. We have shown in [2] that the cost of solving a complex interconnect system using our new basis functions can be reduced by a factor of 170 when compared to the use of piecewise-constant basis functions over a wide range of operating frequencies. Furthermore our volume and surface integration routines improve efficiency by an additional factor of 9.8 [1]. Our solver accuracy is validated against measurements taken on fabricated devices.
Building Gaussian cluster states by linear optics (2007)

The linear optical creation of Gaussian cluster states, a potential resource for universal quantum computation, is investigated. First, using Bloch-Messiah reduction, we show how to achieve canonical cluster-state generation, otherwise based on pairwise acting quantum nondemolition gates, by off-line squeezers and beam splitters. Moreover, we find that, in terms of squeezing resources, the canonical states are rather wasteful. Hence we propose a systematic way to create a whole family of cluster-type states, including potentially cheaper states. Any given cluster (or graph) state can be realized this way. As an example, we consider a protocol in which a single-mode quantum state propagates through a multiple-rail cluster. Such a redundant encoding may reduce errors due to finite squeezing.
Characterisation of Hydrogen Release Behaviour in Cast Mg-Ni Alloys by Synchrotron XRD and XAFS (2010)

Alloys of the hypo-eutectic Mg-Mg2Ni system can be modified by trace elemental additions which change the microstructure and the functional properties. The modified microstructure results in improvements to the hydrogen storage properties. In alloys of optimal composition, it has been shown that the reversible storage of 6.5-7wt% H2 is possible at a rate of reaction that is realistic for industrial applications. This paper discusses the mechanism of hydrogen release in air at atmospheric pressure with in-situ crystallographic phase transformation analysis obtained by synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS).
Investigating lipids as a source of chemical exchange‐induced MRI frequency shifts (2016)

While magnetic susceptibility is a major contributor to NMR resonance frequency variations in the human brain, a substantial contribution may come from the chemical exchange of protons between water and other molecules. Exchange-induced frequency shifts f<sub>e</sub> have been measured in tissue and protein solutions, but relatively lipid-rich white matter (WM) has a larger f<sub>e</sub> than gray matter, suggesting that lipids could contribute. Galactocerebrosides (GC) are a prime candidate as they are abundant in WM and susceptible to exchange. To investigate this, f<sub>e</sub> was measured in a model of WM lipid membranes in the form of multilamellar vesicles (MLVs), consisting of a 1:2 molar ratio of GC and phospholipids (POPC), and in MLVs with POPC only. Chemical shift imaging with 15% volume fraction of dioxane, an internal reference whose protons are assumed not to undergo chemical exchange, was used to remove susceptibility-induced frequency shifts in an attempt to measure f<sub>e</sub> in MLVs at several lipid concentrations. Initial analysis of these measurements indicated a necessity to correct for small unexpected variations in dioxane concentration due to its effect on the water frequency shift. To achieve this, the actual dioxane concentration was inferred from spectral analysis and its additional contribution to f<sub>e</sub> was removed through separate experiments which showed that the water-dioxane frequency shift depended linearly on the dioxane concentration at low concentrations with a proportionality constant of -0.021 ± 0.002 ppb/mM in agreement with published experiments. Contrary to expectations and uncorrected results, for GC + POPC vesicles, the dependence of the corrected f<sub>e</sub> on GC concentration was insignificant (0.023 ± 0.037 ppb/mM; r<sup>2</sup> = 0.085, p > 0.57), whereas for the POPC-only vesicles a small but significant linear increase with POPC concentration was found: 0.044 ± 0.008 ppb/mM (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.877, p < 0.01). These findings suggest that the exchange-induced contribution of lipids to frequency contrast in WM may be small. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Human Preleukemia (1973)

The proliferation and maturation of bone-marrow cells from four patients with preleukemia were studied in vitro with the use of a liquid culture technic. Viable cell counts and 3H-thymidine labeling indexes were similar in preleukemia, acute myelogenous leukemia and normal marrow cultures. Cellular maturation, however, was delayed in the patients with preleukemia and delayed or absent in acute leukemia, resulting in the appearance of a morphologically homogeneous population of immature cells early in culture. Maturation was normal in cultures of bone marrow from three patients with refractory anemia and from three with chronic myelocytic leukemia. These data provide evidence supporting a concept of acute myelogenous leukemia as a primary disturbance of cellular maturation. The technic of bone-marrow culture in liquid medium may be useful in identifying the preleukemic state in man. (N Engl J Med 288:1083–1086, 1973)
Residential Segregation and Socio-economic Integration of Visible minorities in Canada (2006)

Using the 2001 Census of Canada, this paper examines whether spatial residential patterns relate to an ethnic group’s socioeconomic achievement within urban Canada. Most literature suggests that ethnic clustering is primarily a consequence of systematic discrimination or poor socioeconomic resources. Our basic question is whether the relationship between residential segregation and social integration is weakening, thus making the spatial assimilation model less relevant than in the past. The results suggest the assimilation model provides a poor explanation in the Canadian context. Residential segregation persists over time although considerable variation exists among the CMAs.
<b>Radiation-induced Addition of Hydrogen Sulfide to Substituted Acetylenes. Synthesis of Vinylthiols</b> (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRadiation-induced Addition of Hydrogen Sulfide to Substituted Acetylenes. Synthesis of VinylthiolsF. W. Stacey and J. F. HarrisCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1963, 85, 7, 963–965Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00890a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00890a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views146Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effect of Hydrated Silica on the Permeation Resistance and Mechanical Properties of Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (1988)

Abstract The permeation of toluene in nitrile butadiene rubber was investigated. It was found that the incorporation of a reinforcing filler, hydrated silica, has a favorable impact on both the chemical resistance and the mechanical properties of the elastomer.
Mutant mitochondria and cancer cell metastasis: Quest for a mechanism (2009)

Abstract Commentary to: Cancer cell mitochondria confer apoptosis resistance and promote metastasis Mariola Kulawiec, Kjerstin M Owens, Keshav K SinghThis article refers to:Cancer cell mitochondria confer apoptosis resistance and promote metastasis
Measurement of the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>B</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>B</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>oscillation frequency using<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>l</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>−</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>D</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>*</mml:mi><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>pairs and lepton flavor tags (1999)

The oscillation frequency $\ensuremath{\Delta}{m}_{d}$ of ${B}^{0}{B}^{0}$ mixing is measured using the partially reconstructed semileptonic decay ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{l}^{\ensuremath{-}}\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}{D}^{*+}X.$ The data sample was collected with the CDF detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider during 1992--1995 by triggering on the existence of two lepton candidates in an event, and corresponds to about 110 ${\mathrm{pb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ of $\overline{p}p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=1.8$ TeV. We estimate the proper decay time of the ${B}^{0}$ meson from the measured decay length and reconstructed momentum of the ${l}^{\ensuremath{-}}{D}^{*+}$ system. The charge of the lepton in the final state identifies the flavor of the ${B}^{0}$ meson at its decay. The second lepton in the event is used to infer the flavor of the ${B}^{0}$ meson at production. We measure the oscillation frequency to be $\ensuremath{\Delta}{m}_{d}=0.516\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}{0.099}_{\ensuremath{-}0.035}^{+0.029}$ ${\mathrm{ps}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic.
A Mathematical Model for the Admission Control Problem in MPLS Networks with End-to-End delay guarantees (2007)

Dynamic admission control is a very important mechanism that aims, not only to check resources availability, but also to verify QoS constraints satisfaction. In this paper, we propose a new admission control mechanism in MPLS-based packet-switched networks. This admission control mechanism satisfies delay constraints for all the network connections. The admission control mechanism is based on solving a mixed linear programming model which is shown NP-hard. As real instances are relatively small sized (20 to 30 nodes), an exact resolution using the CPLEX software suite can be done. Numerical results are then given and discussed.