gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Click-Through Prediction for Sponsored Search Advertising with Hybrid Models (2012)

In this paper, we report our approach of KDD Cup 2012 track 2 to predicting the click-through rate (CTR) of advertisements. To accurately predict the CTR of an ad is important for commercial search engine companies for deciding the click prices and the order of impressions. We first implemented three existing methods including Online Bayesian Probit Regression (BPR), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Latent Factor Model (LFM). In order to fully exploit the training set, several Maximum Likelihood Estimation(MLE)based methods are then proposed to model the instances which appear frequently in the training set. Each of the individual models is optimized by selecting the most descriptive features. We propose a rank-based ensemble method which greatly improves the results of our model and our final submission is based on BPR, SVM and MLE.
Report on Wine (1915)

Journal Article Report on Wine Get access B G Hartmann B G Hartmann Associate Referee Bureau of Chemistry Food and Drug Inspection Laboratory, Chicago, Ill. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Association of Official Agricultural Chemists, Volume 1, Issue 3, 15 November 1915, Pages 485–490, https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/1.3.485 Published: 10 March 2020
Design of a Minimally Actuated Medical Exoskeleton With Mechanical Swing-Phase Gait Generation and Sit-Stand Assistance (2013)

Lower-extremity powered exoskeletons have traditionally used four to ten powered degrees of freedom to provide gait assistance for individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). Systems with numerous high-impedance powered degrees of freedom commonly suffer from cumbersome walking dynamics and decreased utility due to added weight and increased control complexity. We propose a new approach to powered exoskeleton design that minimizes actuation and control complexity by embedding intelligence into the hardware. This paper describes a minimalistic system that uses a single motor for each exoskeleton leg in conjunction with a bio-inspired hip-knee coupling mechanism to enable users to walk, sit, and stand. Operating in concert with a custom orthotic knee joint, the exoskeleton hip joint has been designed to mimic the biarticular coupling of human leg muscles thus allowing a single actuator to power both hip and knee motions simultaneously. The implementation of this design resulted in a system that provides comparable performance to existing exoskeletons. This system has been tested on paraplegic subjects and has successfully enabled patients to stand up, sit down, and ambulate in numerous real world situations.
Studies on the fermentative production of <scp>L</scp>‐isoleucine (1960)

Abstract Several strains of Pseudomonas were selected by the screening test for organisms which are capable of producing L ‐isoleucine. With these selected bacteria, various cultural conditions suitable for the production and accumulation of L ‐isoleucine were investigated. As a result, 12–14 mg/ml of L ‐isoleucine was formed by shake culture in a medium containing α‐aminobutyric acid, glucose, cornsteep liquor, urea and inorganic salts.
Measurement of Human Gastric Motility by Near-Infrared Light for the Assessment of Chronic Mental Stress (2006)

In this study, we focused on the relationship between mental stress and gastric motility and have tried to develop a measurement system of human gastric motility for the quantification of mental stress. A mental stress measurement system should be used easily in daily life. However, general measurement system as electrogastrography, endoscopy, CT, ultrasonic echogram isn't suitable for the home use. Then, we have developed non-invasive and compact measurement system of gastric motility using near-infrared (NIR) light. This system consists of NIR LEDs and an avalanche photodiode (APD). APD receives the NIR light transmitting outside the body from NIR LEDs and reflecting on the gastric wall. In the experiment, an ultrasonic echogram was used simultaneously to confirm our new method. The result showed that the waveform got by our method coincides with the cycle of contractile activity of stomach, and it was proved that our measurement system using NIR light could measure gastric motility. In addition, we performed chronic mental stress measurement intended for students to examine relationship between chronic mental stress and gastric motility. Experimental period was from two weeks before graduation examination to two weeks after graduation examination. The result showed that chronic mental stress may invoke gastric dysrhythmia, and chronic mental stress could be evaluated by long term monitoring of gastric motility using our NIR measurement system.
ChemInform Abstract: A NOVEL ACID‐CATALYZED REARRANGEMENT OF N‐ARYL‐N′‐ARYLOXYUREAS TO BIPHENYL DERIVATIVES. A (5,5)‐REARRANGEMENT INVOLVING THREE HETEROATOMS (1985)

Abstract Bei der Behandlung mit Trifluoressigsäure erhält man aus den N‐Aryl‐N′‐aroxy‐harnstoffen (I) über diskutierte Zwischenstufen die Biphenyl‐harnstoffe (II) sowie die N,N‐Diarylharnstoffe (III) in unterschiedlichen Ausbeuten.
School-Age Outcomes in Children with Birth Weights under 750 g (1994)

Children with birth weights under 750 g who survive represent a subgroup of very-low-birth-weight children who are at high risk for neurobehavioral dysfunction and poor school performance.
Effects of tumour hypoxia on cell migration (2006)

Cell adaptation to hypoxia requires activation of transcriptional programs that coordinate expression of genes involved in oxygen delivery (via angiogenesis) and metabolic adaptation (via glycolisis). During migration and invasion of normal and pathological tissues, cells may encounter different oxygen levels, due to poor or altered vascularization, and recent evidence has suggested that chemotaxis is a cell function which may be affected by oxygen availability. <br><br>This thesis describes how oxygen avaibility is a determinant parameter in the setting of chemotactic responsiveness to Stromal-Derived Factor 1 (SDF-1, CXCL12). Low oxygen concentration induces high expression of the CXCL12 receptor CXCR4, in different cell types (monocytes, monocyte-derived macrophages, tumor associated macrophages, endothelial cells, cancer cells and dendritic cells) as both mRNA and protein expression, which is paralleled by increased chemotactic responsiveness to its specific ligand. Furthermore, preliminary results on dendritic cells (DC) show that hypoxia may affect their maturation (CCR7<sup>low</sup>/CCR5<sup>high</sup>) and functions. In particular, hypoxia-derived DC do not migrate in response to the CCR7 ligand CCL 19, while they do express higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-12, TNF-α), as compared to normoxia-derived DC. CXCR4 induction by hypoxia is dependent on both activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1α) and transcript stabilization. Our data identify the hypoxia/HIF-1/CXCR4 pathway as a relevant molecular circuit in the functional tuning of the chemokine system and provide novel insights into the mechanisms controlling cell migration in hypoxic regions, with potential relevance in the pathogenesis of human diseases, including chronic inflammatory diseases and cancer.
First Clinical Experience and <i>in Situ</i> Treatment of Ureteric Stones Using Lithostar Multiline Lithotripter (1995)

This article reviews the first experience using the Siemens Lithostar Multiline lithotripter in 372 consecutive treatments of ureteric and kidney stones. The disintegration rate was 97.7%, and a stone-free rate of 87% was achieved at the end of 3 months. Auxillary procedures were required in only 11% of the patients. No medication was required for pain management in 60.4% of the patients. The results were especially impressive in the management of ureteric stones, with a success rate of 91%, these patients being stone free after 1 week using the new booster technique. Analysis of the data indicates that the Siemens Lithostar Multiline is a safe, effective, and economically sound device to treat patients with ureteric and renal stones.
The Adjuvanticity of a Mannosylated Antigen Reveals TLR4 Functionality Essential for Subset Specialization and Functional Maturation of Mouse Dendritic Cells (2008)

The evidence that dendritic cell (DC) subsets produce differential cytokines in response to specific TLR stimulation is robust. However, the role of TLR stimulation in Ag presentation and phenotypic maturation among DC subsets is not clear. Through the adjuvanticity of a novel mannosylated Ag, mannosylated dendrimer OVA (MDO), as a pathogen-associated molecular pattern Ag, we characterized the functionality of GM-CSF/IL-4-cultured bone marrow DC and Flt3 ligand (Flt3-L) DC subsets by Ag presentation and maturation assays. It was demonstrated that both bone marrow DCs and Flt3-L DCs bound, processed, and presented MDO effectively. However, while Flt3-L CD24(high) (conventional CD8(+) equivalent) and CD11b(high) (CD8(-) equivalent) DCs were adept at MDO processing by MHC class I and II pathways, respectively, CD45RA(+) plasmacytoid DCs presented MDO poorly to T cells. Successful MDO presentation was largely dependent on competent TLR4 for Ag localization and morphological/phenotypic maturation of DC subsets, despite the indirect interaction of MDO with TLR4. Furthermore, Toll/IL-1 receptor-domain-containing adaptor-inducing IFN-beta, but not MyD88, as a TLR4 signaling modulator was indispensable for MDO-induced DC maturation and Ag presentation. Taken together, our findings suggest that DC subsets differentially respond to a pathogen-associated molecular pattern-associated Ag depending on the intrinsic programming and TLRs expressed. Optimal functionality of DC subsets in Ag presentation necessitates concomitant TLR signaling critical for efficient Ag localization and processing.
The Occurrence of Scylloinositol and D-Glycerol 1-(L-Myoinositol 1-Hydrogen Phosphate) in the Male Reproductive Tract (1968)

Scylloinositol has been detected in myoinositol preparations from boar seminal vesicle secretion. It represents approximately 6% of the total inositol isolated and has been characterized as its hexaacetate. Scylloinositol has also been detected chromatographically in extracts prepared from the seminal vesicles, coagulating glands, dorsolateral prostate, ventral prostate, and epididymis of the male rat, the ampullae of the stallion, and bull and ram semen. A glycerol inositol phosphate diester has been detected chromatographically in extracts prepared from the dorsolateral prostate, epididymis, ventral prostate, and coagulating gland of the rat as well as stallion ampullae and bull and ram semen. It has been isolated as its crystalline cyclohexylamine salt from the male rat dorsolateral prostate gland and from stallion ampullae. The compound was shown to be identical in chemical behavior and physical properties with an authentic sample of the monohydrate of the cyclohexylamine salt of D-glycerol 1-(L-myoinositol 1-hydrogen phosphate).
Overexpression of IL-4 Signaling Pathway to Inhibit Breast Tumor Growth (2000)

Abstract : The purpose of this research project was to characterize growth inhibitory effects of interleukin-4 (IL-4) in breast cancer cells and identify key signaling molecules which may be targets for future strategies to enhance the negative growth effects of WA. We have reported that IL-4-mediated growth inhibition is associated with increased apoptosis. Furthermore, we have identified that LA activates two important signaling molecules IRS-1 and STAT6. Inhibition of IRS-1 does not block IL-4-mediated growth effects while inhibition of STAT6 decreases IL-4-mediated growth inhibition and apoptosis. Additionally, over-expression of STAT6 mimics the effect of LA by decreasing growth and increasing apoptosis. In addition to these findings, we have also explored several other aspects of growth inhibition and apoptosis in breast cancer cells. We found that IGF-I is an effective mediator of survival following treatment with chemotherapy agents which induce apoptosis. Also, we have shown that the appearance of DNA laddering represents an end-stage processing mechanism that is not an accurate indicator of apoptosis in all strains of MCF-7 cells. Finally, we examined the mechanism of IFN gamma-mediated growth inhibition of breast cancer cells in vitro. In addition to the JAK-STAT pathway, interferon gamma decreases breast cancer cell growth in p2l dependent and independent pathways. In conclusion, our research on the mechanism and signal transduction pathways of IL-4 in human breast cancer cells has resulted in numerous original and significant findings as well as expanded our knowledge of mechanisms of apoptosis and growth inhibition of human breast cancer cells.
Aerobic deterioration of lucerne (<i>Medicago sativa</i>) and Maize (<i>zea mais</i>) Silages—Effects of Yeasts (1992)

Abstract Lucerne ( Medicago sativa L) silages made in test tube silos at various dry matter (DM) levels (290‐537 g kg −1 ) with and without addition of glucose (20 g kg −1 herbage) at ensiling were stable during 7 days of aerobic exposure. Lucerne silages taken from seven farm silos were similarly stable while three others were unstable (average DM loss of 62 g kg −1 DM and pH increase from 4.35 to 7.58 in 7 days). Under similar circumstances, maize ( Zea mais L) silage had a high DM loss (164 g kg −1 DM) and an increase in pH from 3.94 to 8.13. Silages were inoculated with yeast (1 × 10 6 CFU g −1 silage) isolated from aerobically deteriorating farm‐scale lucerne and maize silages. The stable lucerne silages were not destabilised by inoculation, but the instability of unstable lucerne silages was increased. Aerobically unstable maize silage and stable lucerne silage were inoculated and studied separately or as a 50:50 mixture. There was a distinct lag in the development of aerobic instability in the mixture compared with maize silage alone. In another experiment, the growth of the inoculum in malt agar (pH 3.5) as affected by the presence of fresh and ensiled lucerne (six cultivars), birdsfoot trefoil ( Lotus corniculatus L) and red clover ( Trifolium pratense L) was studied. The legume herbages did not inhibit yeast growth whereas the corresponding silages did. Five aerobically stable lucerne silages inhibited yeast development in the media whereas unstable maize silage did not. It is concluded that aerobic stability was not related to silage DM, pH, yeast numbers or glucose addition at ensiling. Stability appeared to be due to the presence of an inhibitor (or inhibitors) produced during ensilage.
Adaptive rastering algorithm for freeform extrusion fabrication processes (2015)

An adaptive rastering algorithm has been developed to reduce the ‘horizontal’ staircase error and/or fabrication time for freeform extrusion fabrication processes of 3D ‘solid’ parts. It analyses the geometry of each layer and changes the width of each line of the raster adaptively in order to reduce the staircase error and/or increase productivity. For each line, the maximum width that results in a staircase error smaller than a predefined threshold is determined for decreasing the fabrication time, increasing the dimensional accuracy, or both. To examine the efficacy of the proposed technique, examples are provided in which staircase errors and fabrication times are compared between uniform and adaptive rastering methods for each part. The results show a considerable improvement in accuracy and/or fabrication time for all parts studied when using the adaptive rastering algorithm.
Inverse Kinematic and Control Architecture of a Slave Manipulator for MR-Guided Brain Biopsy (2008)

In this paper, the inverse kinematic and control paradigm of a novel tele-robotic system for MRI-guided interventions for closed-bore MRI-guided brain biopsy is presented. Other candidate neurosurgical procedures enabled by this system would include thermal ablation, radiofrequency ablation, deep brain stimulators, and targeted drug delivery. The control architecture is also reported. The design paradigm is fundamentally based on a modular design configuration of the slave manipulator that is performing tasks inside MR scanner. The tele-robotic system is a master-slave system. The master manipulator consists of three units including: (i) the navigation module; (ii) the biopsy module; and (iii) the surgical arm. Navigation and biopsy modules were designed to undertake the alignment and advancement of the surgical needle respectively. The biopsy needle is held and advanced by the biopsy module. The biopsy module is attached to the navigation module. All three units are held by a surgical arm. The main challenge in the control of the biopsy needle using the proposed navigation module is to adjust a surgical tool from its initial position and orientation to a final position and orientation. In a typical brain biopsy operation, the desired task is to align the biopsy needle with a target knowing the positions of both the target in the patient’s skull and the entry point on the surface of the skull. In this paper, the mechanical design, control paradigms, and inverse kinematics model of the robot are reported.
Structural analysis of metal nano-particles prepared by leaching (2011)

Sessions C423temperature.There exists little scientific literature on this system and hence there is scope to develop this field.It has been found from the existing studies that an equiatomic refractory alloy has broadly a BCC structure with some compositional variation in the as-cast structure.In many cases ordering phenomena was not evident from X-Ray powder diffraction data, but was found through HRTEM electron diffraction in Al-Co-Cr-Fe-Ni HEA.As the above-mentioned refractory materials have melting point of nearly 3000°C, the equiatomic WMoNbTa alloy was prepared through arc melting in argon atmosphere.The starting metal powders all had purity above 99.95percent.First a 5-gram pellet was made from the well-mixed powders by hydraulic press.Later the pellet was melted under arc five times each for 2 minutes.Each time the sample was melted, it was turned upside down for even better mixing of elements.This was probably a better method than a previous report where metal chips and powder were melted together in the arc-melting furnace, which might remove some small chips when the arc strikes the mixture.After this the samples were wrapped into tantalum foils and sealed inside tantalum ampules.The inside of the ampule had Argon atmosphere and it was annealed at 1800°C for a week.The grain size distribution provides us with 50 micron grains that could be studied for diffuse scattering experiments.
Effect of Inlet Type on Shear Stress and Mixing in an Annular Photobioreactor Involving a Swirling Decaying Flow (2004)

Abstract Improvement of mixing can lead to an enhancement of photobioreactors productivity, provided that the adverse effect of shear forces is kept below the fragility‐ threshold of cells. Implementation of a swirling decaying flow induced by a tangential inlet in an annular photobioreactor was investigated. The study focused on a compromise solution between the mixing and the resulting shear stress, and various hydrodynamical characteristics were measured for five types of tangential inlets and three Reynolds number values. Comparison with a pseudo‐axial flow induced by a radial inlet indicates that swirling flows are suitable in the particular application of microalgal cultures.
Host genetics affect microbial ecosystems via host immunity (2016)

We conclude that future therapeutics targeting microbiota in the context of chronic inflammatory diseases need to consider both immune and genetic host features associated with microbiota homeostasis.
Heterogeneity of Proliferative Activity in Nodule‐in‐Nodule Lesions of Small Hepatocellular Carcinoma (1990)

Surgically resected small hepatocellular carcinomas showing "nodule-in-nodule" formation were analyzed in terms of cell proliferative activity. The analysis was achieved by successful immunohistochemical demonstration of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections. Eight nodules (up to 3 cm in diameter) examined were either atypical adenomatous hyperplasia or hepatocellular carcinoma of low histologic grade, containing a discrete inner nodular area composed of obvious hepatocellular carcinoma of higher histologic grade. In all cases, the proliferating cell nuclear antigen labeling index of the latter area was much higher than that of the former, which in turn was slightly higher than that of the non-cancerous liver of the patient in 6 cases. The data presented here provide supporting evidence that the successive emergence and expansion of a more rapidly proliferating subclone within a nodule result in the stepwise progression of malignancy of human hepatocellular carcinoma.
A 32nm, 0.65–10GHz, 0.9/0.3 ps/σ TX/RX jitter single inductor digital fractional-n clock generator for reconfigurable serial I/O (2017)

In CPU, SOC, GPU, and PC-on-chip, I/O power consumption can be significant. To improve power efficiency, I/O bundles in group of 4, 8, or 16b, should scale their data rate according to the application requirements. However, clocking architecture imposes significant challenges to support different data rate simultaneously. In high bandwidth I/O, LC oscillators are preferred for low jitter, but the limited frequency range confines the data rate tuning. Multiple LC-PLLs are costly in area and power, and sometimes infeasible due to heavily congested I/O area. Worse still, couplings between inductors could lead to PLL pulling closing the sampling eye. In this paper, a reconfigurable 0.65-10GHz digital fractional-n clock generator using a single LC PLL, calibrated 0.75/1.25/1.75 digital fractional post dividers for serial I/O is presented. The architecture enables I/O driven by the same PLL to operate at different data rate, thereby reducing power. In addition, multiple LC-PLLs are replaced by one saving area, power, and coupling between LC oscillators. The PLL incorporates a staggered varactor, wide-tuning VCO, and a hysteretic redundant frequency acquisition for improved temperature stability. The prototype in a 32nm high-k metal gate process has a measured TX/RX jitter of 0.9/0.3 ps/σ and dissipates 36.2mW from 1.05V supply.
Herpes Simplex Virus Acute Retinal Necrosis during Pregnancy (2003)

Purpose As pregnancy is liable to modify immune response, the authors explored the immune functions of a pregnant patient with acute retinal necrosis (ARN) to ascertain whether pregnancy may promote the onset of infection. Methods Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for the detection of herpes simplex virus (HSV) DNA in ocular, uterus cervix, and cerebrospinal fluid samples. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were cultured for 72 hours with mitogens and cellular proliferation was assessed using (methyl-3H) thymidine incorporation. Flow cytometry was performed for T, B, and NK cell count using CD2, CD3, CD4, CD8 (T cells), CD19, CD20 (B cells), and a combination of CD3–CD16 and CD56 monoclonal antibodies (NK cells). Results Unilateral ARN, with a confluent peripheral necrotizing retinitis extending throughout the entire retina, was diagnosed clinically. The herpetic infection (herpes simplex virus 1) was confirmed using PCR of aqueous humor specimen. The immunologic study performed during and after pregnancy showed that T and B lymphocytes were quantitatively normal and responses to concanavalin A, phytohemagglutinin, and pokeweed mitogens were weaker during pregnancy. Conclusions A reduced response to mitogens, with postdelivery normalization, was noted in a pregnant woman with an ARN syndrome. Further studies are needed to explore the antigen-specific immune deviation in pregnant patients with ARN.