gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Image intensifier for a scintillating optical fiber trajectory detector</title> (1997)

One important class of cosmic ray instrumentation utilizes a ruggedized photon-counting microchannel plate image intensifier tube in the prime detector assembly. This type of detector provides the necessary hodoscope imaging, utilizing scintillating optical fibers coupled to the image intensifier tube, as well as serving as a preamplifier for photodiodes that trigger event readouts. Image information in the active area of the image converter tube is read-out by a CCD camera which is fiberoptically coupled to it. This design is capable of providing position resolution to better than 130 micrometers.
Properties of gastric smooth muscles obtained from mice which lack inositol trisphosphate receptor (2000)

Membrane potential recordings, made from the circular smooth muscle layer of the gastric antrum taken from mutant mice which lacked the inositol trisphosphate (InsP3) type 1 receptor, were compared with those obtained from the stomach of control (wild-type) mice. Immunostaining of gastric muscles indicated that the distribution and form of c-kit positive cells were similar in wild-type and mutant mice. Smooth muscles from wild-type mice generated slow waves that in turn initiated spike potentials, while those from mutant mice were either quiescent or generated irregular bursts of spike potentials. In the presence of nifedipine, slow waves with reduced amplitude were generated in wild-type mice, while all electrical activity was abolished in mutant mice. Acetylcholine depolarized and sodium nitroprusside hyperpolarized the membrane in muscles from both types of mice, being more effective in wild-type mice. Noradrenaline produced similar hyperpolarizations in both types of mice. Transmural nerve stimulation evoked inhibitory junction potentials (IJPs) in both wild-type and mutant mice. In wild-type mice, the IJPs were reduced in amplitude by nitroarginine and converted to a cholinergic excitatory junction potential (EJP) by apamin. In mutant mice, the IJPs were unaffected by nitroarginine or atropine but were abolished by apamin. It is concluded that in antral smooth muscle, the expression of InsP3 type 1 receptors may be causally related to the generation of slow waves but not to the generation of action potentials. A lack of InsP3 receptors attenuates cholinergic excitatory and nitrergic inhibitory responses but does not alter the response to noradrenaline.
Inhibition of bacterial <scp>D</scp>-3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase by substrates and substrate analogues (1981)

D-3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (Pseudomonas lemoignei, EC 1.1.1.30) is subject to substrate inhibition by acetoacetate at concentrations above 5 mM but not by D-3-hydroxybutyrate at concentrations up to 50 mM. NADH causes substrate inhibition at concentrations over 0.1 mM as does NAD. Kinetic analysis suggests that substrate inhibition by acetoacetate is due to its binding to enzyme lacking NADH, a consequence of the ordered bibi mechanism. Substrate inhibition by NADH and NAD arises from binding of these species to a secondary site. This is confirmed by kinetics which indicate that ADP and ATP compete with NAD and NADH at both sites. New analogues of acetoacetate were synthesized to test the specificity requirements of the acetoacetate binding site which has been proposed to contain a hydrogen bond donor and a cation spaced to receive acetoacetate. Both dimethoxyphosphinylacetate and methyl 2-methoxy-phosphinylacetate fulfill the structural requirements and are effective. They thus join methyl acetonylphosphonate as the only known competitive inhibitors for the acetoacetate site, confirming the proposed structure.
Population-based prevalence of cervical infection with human papillomavirus genotypes 16 and 18 and other high risk types in Tlaxcala, Mexico (2016)

The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02510027 .
The dominant factors affecting the memory characteristics of (Ta2O5)x(Al2O3)1−x high-k charge-trapping devices (2014)

The prototypical charge-trapping memory devices with the structure p-Si/Al2O3/(Ta2O5)x(Al2O3)1−x/Al2O3/Pt(x = 0.5, 0.3, and 0.1) were fabricated by using atomic layer deposition and RF magnetron sputtering techniques. A memory window of 7.39 V with a charge storage density of 1.97 × 1013 cm−2 at a gate voltage of ±11 V was obtained for the memory device with the composite charge trapping layer (Ta2O5)0.5(Al2O3)0.5. All memory devices show fast program/erase speed and excellent endurance and retention properties, although some differences in their memory performance exist, which was ascribed to the relative individual band alignments of the composite (Ta2O5)x(Al2O3)1−x with Si.
Effect of Low-Dose Gemcitabine on Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer in Elderly Patients (2011)

Low-dose GEM may improve the prognosis of elderly patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, frequencies of severe toxicity seem lower in patients treated with low-dose GEM compared with previous reports.
Mass spectrometry analysis of soybean seed proteins: optimization of gel-free quantitative workflow (2010)

For high-throughput quantitative mass spectrometry (MS) analysis of soybean seed proteins, a method that avoids gel fractionation is advantageous. We developed and optimized a workflow from protein isolation to MS-based quantitation without polyacrylamide matrices. The objective was to quantitatively compare extraction methods to reproducibly arrive at the highest yield and proteome coverage. Beginning with mature soybean seed, we compared four proteinextraction methods, employing either TCA/acetone, urea, urea/thiourea, or phenol. Soybean proteins were extracted, quantified for total protein content, and comparatively visualized by Coomassie–SDS-PAGE. The phenolextraction method yielded protein concentrations 2 to 7-fold higher than other extraction methods. Comparison of trypsin to protein ratios (1 : 25, 1 : 50, 1 : 75, and 1 : 100) revealed a near linear increase in spectral counts by MS with increasing trypsin levels. In-solution digestion procedures were also compared to determine optimal resuspension and digestion conditions for peptideextraction and quantitation. A resuspension buffer that contained 50 mM Tris–HCl of pH 8.0 and 5 M urea showed the highest spectral counts and protein identifications. The results of this study show the time-honored phenolextraction method consistently and unequivocally yielded the highest amounts of protein from mature soybean seed, and that buffered urea is sufficient for optimal resuspension of precipitated proteins for tryptic digestion and mass spectrometry.
Robust facial expression recognition algorithm based on local metric learning (2016)

In facial expression recognition tasks, different facial expressions are often confused with each other. Motivated by the fact that a learned metric can significantly improve the accuracy of classification, a facial expression recognition algorithm based on local metric learning is proposed. First, k-nearest neighbors of the given testing sample are determined from the total training data. Second, chunklets are selected from the k-nearest neighbors. Finally, the optimal transformation matrix is computed by maximizing the total variance between different chunklets and minimizing the total variance of instances in the same chunklet. The proposed algorithm can find the suitable distance metric for every testing sample and improve the performance on facial expression recognition. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm can be used for vector-based and matrix-based facial expression recognition. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm could achieve higher recognition rates and be more robust than baseline algorithms on the JAFFE, CK, and RaFD databases.
Pulse-width dependence on intracavity bandwidth in synchronously mode-locked cw dye lasers (1978)

We present a model of the synchronously mode-locked cw dye laser which predicts a square root dependence of dye pulse width on pump pulse width and intracavity bandwidth (ωc). Experiments performed on the Rhodamine 6G laser confirm the ω−1/2c dependence. For a pump pulse width of 100 ps, subpicosecond dye pulses are obtained for intracavity bandwidths greater than 150 Å, and the minimum pulse width is shown to be limited by the bandwidth of the dye to ∼0.5 ps.
Distinct roles of neuropilin 1 signaling for radial and tangential extension of callosal axons (2009)

Abstract Cortical excitatory neurons migrate from their origin in the ventricular zone (VZ) toward the pial surface. During migration, these neurons exhibit a stellate shape in the intermediate zone (IZ), transform into bipolar cells, and then initiate radial migration, extending a trailing process, which may lead to an axon. Here we examined the role of neuropilin 1 (NRP1) in these developmental events. Both NRP1 mRNA and protein were highly expressed in the IZ, where stellate‐shaped cells were located. DiI labeling experiments showed that neuronal migration occurred normally in Nrp1 mutant mice up to embryonic day (E) 14.5, the latest day to which the mutant survives, with only subtle axonal defasciculation. However, interference with Nrp1 signaling at a later stage caused pathfinding errors: when a dominant negative form of Nrp1 was electroporated into the cortical VZ cells at E12.5 or E15.5 and examined perinatally, guidance errors were found in tangential axonal extension toward the midline. In contrast, no significant effect was noted on the migration of cortical excitatory neurons. These findings indicate that NRP1 plays an important role in the guidance of callosal axons originating from cortical excitatory neurons but does not support a role in their migration. Moreover, insofar as radial axonal extension within the cortical plate was unaffected, the present findings imply that molecular mechanisms for the axonal extension of excitatory neurons within the cortical plate are distinct from those in the white matter. J. Comp. Neurol. 514:215–225, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Authentication and Key Agreement Protocols Preserving Anonymity (2006)

Anonymity is a very important security feature in addition to authentication and key agreement features in communication protocols. In this paper, we propose two authentication and key agreement (AKA) protocols: the AKA protocol with user anonymity (UAP) and the AKA protocol with user and server anonymity (USAP). The proposed protocols have the following advantages: first of all, they preserve anonymity, which is a security feature that was ignored in most of the previously proposed AKA protocols; secondly, they exploit the difference in capabilities between resource constrained clients and highly resourceful servers and thus are suitable for wireless applications; thirdly, they resist known attacks; and finally, they perform better in terms of the number of messages and bits exchanged and computing time as compared to the previously proposed AKA protocols. For example, USAP preserves user and server anonymity, exchanges 3 messages with 1920 bits in total, and requires only 280 msec of processing time on the user side when implemented on Mitsubishis M16C microprocessor. Similarly, the UAP is scalable, preserves user anonymity, requires 440 msec, and exchanges 2560 bits.
Prevalence of isolated antibody to hepatitis B core antigen in an area endemic for hepatitis B virus infection: Implications in hepatitis B vaccination programs (1988)

Of 1,801 Chinese subjects, age 1 to 90 years, screened for hepatitis B surface antigen and antibody (HBsAg, anti-HBs) and antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc), 214 (11.9%) had an isolated, positive anti-HBc result; anti-HBc was reproducibly present in the initial sera in only 66% and persisted after an interval of 2 weeks to 3 months in only 73%. There was a strong correlation between the rates of reproducibility and persistence of isolated anti-HBc and the initial anti-HBc titers. Thirty-two subjects with persistent, isolated anti-HBc received four doses of hepatitis B vaccine (5 micrograms, HEVAC B) at 0, 1, 2 and 12 months: 56% developed a primary anti-HBs response in response to hepatitis B vaccine, 16% developed an anamnestic or secondary anti-HBs response, and 28% were undetectable for anti-HBs even after four doses of vaccine. The low rates of reproducibility and persistence of anti-HBc together with the high rate of primary anti-HBs response to hepatitis B vaccine in subjects with isolated anti-HBc raise doubts as to the reliability of anti-HBc (Corzyme, Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, Ill.) as a single screening test for hepatitis B infection prior to vaccination and suggests that subjects with isolated anti-HBc, in particular those with low anti-HBc titers, be included in vaccination programs.
Pyrrolizidine alkaloid analogues. Synthesis of eleven-membered macrocyclic diesters of retronecine (1982)

Treatment of (+)-retronecine (1) with 3,3-disubstituted glutaric anhydride derivatives (2) yielded mixtures of the retronecine 7- and 9-monoesters, which were assayed by 1H n.m.r, spectrometry. Lactonisation of these mixtures was achieved by the Corey–Nicolaou method to give a range of eleven-membered macrocyclic pyrrolizidine diesters (5) with different substituents at C-13. The macrocyclic nature of these pyrrolizidine alkaloid analogues was established by comparison of their 1H n.m.r. and mass spectra with those of natural pyrrolizidine alkaloids.
A precision SOI-CMOS front-end amplifier for smart microsensors applicable to severe operation environment with large temperature variation (2004)

In this paper, a precision SOI-CMOS analog front-end amplifier for smart microsecond interface applicable to severe environment is presented. Although SOI-CMOS circuits can operate over 150/spl deg/C, temperature drift of offset voltage is a serious problem to be solved for precise signal detection. Thus, a novel autozero circuit configuration is applied to stabilize offset voltage of the amplifier precisely at high temperatures where leakage current of switches is not negligible. Offset drift of fabricated SOI-CMOS amplifier was well suppressed below 1mV from RT to 200/spl deg/C without any trimming. This amplifier has essentially high robustness and stability for dramatic temperature change under severe environment.
<title>Knife-edge test for characterization of subnanometer deformations in micro-optical surfaces</title> (1999)

Development of accurate surface characterization methods is essential for testing micro-optical components, such as micro- opto-electro-mechanical systems (MOEMS), for use in complex optical systems. We consider using an array of 16 micrometer- wide micro-mirrors as programmable slits for astronomical multi-object spectroscopy, and propose a new method based upon Foucault's knife-edge test to characterize local surface deformations of individual micro-mirrors. By measuring local slopes, the surface shape of each mirror in a micro-mirror array has been reconstructed with a sub-nanometer accuracy. In addition to low-order deformation (tilt, curvature, astigmatism), each mirror is seen to be palm-tree shaped. We have checked the validity of our knife-edge test by the micro- characterization of a conventional spherical mirror.
A male-specific repeated DNA sequence in the domestic pig (1988)

Digestion of DNA from male and female pigs (Sus scrofa) with EcoRl reveals a faintly staining 4 kb band present only in the male. A plasmid containing one copy of the 4 kb band was isolated and shown to hybridize specifically with male DNA in Southern blots (Figure The cloned sequence is 3832 nucleotides in length (Figure This DNA should be useful as a male-specific probe in pigs.
The response of cultured <i>Trypanosmona brucei</i> to DNA-damaging agents (1986)

Conference Article| April 01 1986 The response of cultured Trypanosmona brucei to DNA-damaging agents MAHNAZ AL-SHARIF; MAHNAZ AL-SHARIF *Biochemistry Department, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar WILLIAM J. D. WHISH; WILLIAM J. D. WHISH *Biochemistry Department, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar FARZIN FARZANEH; FARZIN FARZANEH †Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, Kings College School of Medicine and Dentistry, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8RK, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar ROBERT EISENTHAL ROBERT EISENTHAL *Biochemistry Department, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and article information Publisher: Portland Press Ltd Online ISSN: 1470-8752 Print ISSN: 0300-5127 © 1986 Biochemical Society1986 Biochem Soc Trans (1986) 14 (2): 486–487. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0140486 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation MAHNAZ AL-SHARIF, WILLIAM J. D. WHISH, FARZIN FARZANEH, ROBERT EISENTHAL; The response of cultured Trypanosmona brucei to DNA-damaging agents. Biochem Soc Trans 1 April 1986; 14 (2): 486–487. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0140486 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: BHK cells, baby hamster kidney cells, DMS, dimethyl sulphate, DMEM, Dulbecco's modified Eagles' medium This content is only available as a PDF. © 1986 Biochemical Society1986 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Security analysis of flow-based fast handover method for mobile IPv6 networks (2006)

Flow-based fast handover for mobile IPv6 (FFHMIPv6) is a new handover method designed for mobile IP networks. The FFHMIPv6 uses the flow-state information and packet encapsulation to enable reception of packets simultaneously with the address registration process of mobile IPv6. Analysis and performance evaluation of FFHMIPv6 shows it handles the handover delay more efficiently than the basic mobile IPv6, hierarchical MIPv6, as well as fast handovers for MIPv6 handover mechanisms. However, if FFHMIPv6 is to be the primary mechanism for handover in mobile IP networks it has to be secure, efficient as well as reliable alternative to the existing handover mechanisms. In this paper, we present the security analysis and assessment of FFHMIPv6. We also recommend solutions to the identified security vulnerabilities and defense mechanisms to FFHMIPv6. The major security threat of FFHMIPv6 is related to the process of Flow-based fast handover binding update (FFHBU).
Alternative Therapies for Knee Pain (2019)

Knee pain is extremely prevalent worldwide and is associated with billions of dollars in lost productivity, disability, and health care costs, not to mention its negative effects on quality of life for the millions of individuals suffering from this ubiquitous problem. Initial symptomatic treatments including over-the-counter medications, weight loss, and physical therapy, and the end-stage treatment of total knee arthroplasty are the current mainstays of therapy. While these treatments can be effective for the appropriate indications at either end of the knee pain spectrum, there is a growing need for alternative therapies that can bridge the gap for patients by providing safe and effective treatment strategies for debilitating knee pain.
Mechanische abwerfbare, am Draht fixierte Minispiralen zur superselektiven Embolisation (1997)

The minicoils allow super-selective embolisation but, for reasons of cost, should be reserved to such vascular regions where the risk of misplacing must be kept at a minimum. Basic experience with embolisation techniques is indispensable for the application of this method.
Mirror neuron system involvement in empathy: A critical look at the evidence (2011)

It has been proposed that the human mirror neuron system (MNS) plays an integral role in mediating empathy. In this review, we critically examine evidence from three bodies of research that have been cited as supporting this notion: (1) behavioral studies that have examined the relationship between imitation and empathy, (2) findings from functional neuroimaging studies that report a positive correlation between MNS activation and self-report on an empathy questionnaire, and (3) observations of impaired imitation and empathy in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In addition, we briefly review lesion studies of the neural correlates of imitation and empathy. Current evidence suggests that the MNS is broadly involved in empathy, but at this stage there has been limited consideration of its various forms, including motor, emotional, and cognitive empathy. There are also various forms of imitation, encompassing emotional and non-emotional, automatic, and voluntary actions. We propose that the relationship between imitation and empathy may vary depending on the specific type of each of these abilities. Furthermore, these abilities may be mediated by partially distinct neural networks, which involve the MNS to a variable degree.
Time reversal 3-D imaging using single-cycle terahertz pulses (2003)

We demonstrate time reversal 3-D imaging using single-cycle terahertz pulses. The photoconductive transmitter and receiver are arranged in a reflection imaging configuration. The synthesized ring annular detection array can distinguish spatially separated image planes.
Nonionic fluorescent oligomeric surfactant for ordered mesoporous silica structure (2005)

A fluorescent oligomeric surfactant prepared by multi-step synthesis was used as a template to obtain ordered mesostructured silica, the fluorescent surfactant completely fills the nano-channels and the emission spectrum shows that the composite is red-shifted 32 nm when compared with the surfactant in aqueous solution.
Multi-anode microchannel arrays - New detectors for imaging and spectroscopy in space (1983)

Consideration is given to the construction and operation of multi-anode microchannel array detector systems having formats as large as 256 x 1024 pixels. Such arrays are being developed for imaging and spectroscopy at soft X-ray, ultraviolet and visible wavelengths from balloons, sounding rockets and space probes. Both discrete-anode and coincidence-anode arrays are described. Two types of photocathode structures are evaluated: an opaque photocathode deposited directly on the curved-channel MCP and an activated cathode deposited on a proximity-focused mesh. Future work will include sensitivity optimization in the different wavelength regions and the development of detector tubes with semitransparent proximity-focused photocathodes.