gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transplantation of Pulmonary Valve Using a Mouse Model of Heterotopic Heart Transplantation (2014)

Tissue engineered heart valves, especially decellularized valves, are starting to gain momentum in clinical use of reconstructive surgery with mixed results. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the neotissue development, valve thickening, and stenosis development are not researched extensively. To answer the above questions, we developed a murine heterotopic heart valve transplantation model. A heart valve was harvested from a valve donor mouse and transplanted to a heart donor mouse. The heart with a new valve was transplanted heterotopically to a recipient mouse. The transplanted heart showed its own heartbeat, independent of the recipient’s heartbeat. The blood flow was quantified using a high frequency ultrasound system with a pulsed wave Doppler. The flow through the implanted pulmonary valve showed forward flow with minimal regurgitation and the peak flow was close to 100 mm/sec. This murine model of heart valve transplantation is highly versatile, so it can be modified and adapted to provide different hemodynamic environments and/or can be used with various transgenic mice to study neotissue development in a tissue engineered heart valve.
Dielectric Sensing with Deposited Gold Bipyramids (2008)

Colloidal gold bipyramids with a narrow ensemble plasmon resonance in the near-infrared are adhered on glass or silicon substrates using polyelectrolytes. Atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy show a monolayer of the deposited colloids that remains nonaggregated, with an optical density of ∼0.1 at the peak plasmon resonance. The substrates can be repeatedly immersed in various solvents. The near-infrared resonance shifts with the optical index of the solvent by ∼−0.62 eV/refractive index unit. The figure of merit for the ensemble absorption shift is comparable to the best values reported for single metallic colloidal particles.
Therapeutic strategies for human microsporidia infections (2005)

Over the past 20 years, microsporidia have emerged as a cause of infectious diseases in AIDS patients, organ transplant recipients, children, travelers, contact lens wearers and the elderly. Enterocytozoon bieneusi and the Encephalitozoon spp., Encephalitozoon cuniculi, Encephalitozoon hellem and Encephalitozoon intestinalis, are the most frequently identified microsporidia in humans, and are associated with diarrhea and systemic disease. The microsporidia are small, single-celled, obligately intracellular parasites that have been identified in water sources, as well as in wild, domestic and food-producing farm animals, thereby raising concerns for waterborne, foodborne and zoonotic transmission. Current therapies for microsporidiosis include albendazole, a benzimidazole that inhibits microtubule assembly and is effective against several microsporidia, including the Encephalitozoon spp., although it is less effective against Encephalitozoon bieneusi. Fumagillin, an antibiotic and antiangiogenic compound produced by Aspergillus fumigatus, is more broadly effective against Encephalitozoon spp. and E. bieneusi; however, is toxic when administered systemically to mammals. Recent studies are also focusing on compounds that target the microsporidia polyamines (e.g., polyamine analogs), methionine aminopeptidase 2 (e.g., fumagillin-related compounds), chitin inhibitors (e.g., nikkomycins), topoisomerases (e.g., fluoroquinolones) and tubulin (e.g., benzimidazole-related compounds).
A novel three-dimension fast radar imaging method based on far-field-approximation (2016)

Three-dimension imaging and identification with radar has recently gained a lot of attention. Resulting from the over-simple imaging model and over-large computational complexity, the existing three-dimension radar imaging methods are limited in few scenarios. To break above bottlenecks, we introduce a novel physics-driven three-dimension fast radar imaging method based on far-field-approximation assumption, in which the whole imaging region would be decomposed with a series of overlapping-patches to accelerate the imaging speed in parallel. The proposed method has four key steps: e.g., first, the whole imaging region would be divided into a series of overlapping-patches, which indicates that the large-scale imaging problem is efficiently decomposed into a set of small-scale imaging sub-problems and can be solved in the parallel or distributed manner. Second, the dyadic Green's function based on far-field-approximation will be applied to construct system response function of radar imaging problem. Third, a dual transform is further introduced to turn the imaging problem into the problem of physical-driven image processing problem. In this way, the image processing system response functions for all overlapping-patches will be identical for fixed transmitters and receivers. In other words, the system response functions of overlapping-patches are independent of specific imaging regions. So few system response functions matrices need be memorized. At last, the first-order method is introduced to implement the imaging process of all overlapping-patches in parallel. The far-field-approximation imaging method drastically decreases the memory requirement while maintaining fast imaging speed and high imaging quality. Therefore, the proposed fast imaging method based on far-field-approximation is applicable to more large-scale imaging scenarios. Some selected simulation results are presented to demonstrate the state-of-the-art performance of the far-field-approximation methods.
Determination of Amitrole in Water Samples by Evaporation and GC/MS (2003)

Amitrole is well-known as a non-selective herbicide and it is able to cause contamination of driking water as well as pollution of ground water and surface water. However, it is difficult to extract from water because it has a high solubility for water whereas a low solubility for general organic solvents. This method is described for the determination of amitrole in water samples by GC/MS. After evaporation of 10 mL water sample by a vacuum evaporator, amitrole was derivatized with isobutyl chloroformate (iso-BCF) on room temperature for 15~20 min. As a result, the sensitivity for GCfMS was improved as N-isobutoxycarbonyl amitrole derivative was formed. The linearity of the calibration curve showed good as 0.997. The recoveries were obtained more than 94.9% and relative standard deviations were less than 2.8% at , and . The limit of detection showed with a signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of 3.
FDG-PET is Superior to Gallium Scintigraphy in Staging and More Sensitive in the Follow-up of Patients with<i>de novo</i>Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Blinded Comparison (2003)

Accurate staging of Hodgkin lymphoma (HD) allows for minimization of therapy and reduction of long-term toxicities. The present study prospectively compares FDG-PET with gallium/SPECT scintigraphy at time of diagnosis and in follow-up of 36 patients with HD. Prior to therapy, whole body FDG-PET and gallium/SPECT were performed. Follow-up scans were obtained after 3 cycles of chemotherapy (n = 22), and at the end of chemotherapy (n = 32). Two nuclear medicine physicians independently interpreted scans in blinded and random order and a consensus was obtained. Baseline scans revealed a greater number of supradiaphragmatic disease sites detected by PET, and 5 patients had splenic involvement on PET not noted by gallium (P = 0.05); 3 patients were upstaged on PET. Midway through therapy, 5 patients had positive PET (4 of whom relapsed), and 3 had positive gallium (1 relapsed). At conclusion of chemotherapy, 8 patients had a positive PET (4 relapsed) and 3 had a positive gallium (2 relapsed). In conclusion, diagnostic PET and gallium are largely concordant, with the exception of unique detection of splenic disease by PET. However, more patients have persistently positive PET at the end of chemotherapy compared with gallium (P = 0.04), although only half of these patients have relapsed.
A Susceptibility Region for Autism on Chromosome 2: Linkage Disequilibrium Screen and Candidate Gene Studies (2002)

Conference Abstract| July 01 2002 A Susceptibility Region for Autism on Chromosome 2: Linkage Disequilibrium Screen and Candidate Gene Studies L Gallagher; L Gallagher Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar S Ennis; S Ennis Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar JNG Wanjing; JNG Wanjing Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar G Keaney; G Keaney Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar M Fitzgerald; M Fitzgerald Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar R Stallings; R Stallings Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar DE Barton; DE Barton Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar AJ Green; AJ Green Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar M Gill M Gill Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Clin Sci (Lond) (2002) 103 (s47): 65P. https://doi.org/10.1042/cs103065Pa Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation L Gallagher, S Ennis, JNG Wanjing, G Keaney, M Fitzgerald, R Stallings, DE Barton, AJ Green, M Gill; A Susceptibility Region for Autism on Chromosome 2: Linkage Disequilibrium Screen and Candidate Gene Studies. Clin Sci (Lond) 1 July 2002; 103 (s47): 65P. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/cs103065Pa Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsClinical Science Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 2002 The Biochemical Society and the Medical Research Society2002 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Distribution of amino acids and amino-acid enzymes in whole kidney and renal cortex. Effect of 24-h starvation (1983)

The levels of activity of amino-acid enzymes (alanine-, aspartate- and tyrosine transaminases, serine dehydratase, glutamate dehydrogenase, glutamine synthetase, arginase and adenylate deaminase) in the kidney cortex and whole kidney of control and 24-h starved adult rats have been determined from crude homogenates. The individual amino-acid content of the two kidney fractions indicated has also been studied. Serine dehydratase was found mainly in the cortex, whilst glutamine synthetase presence was mainly limited to the medulla. The distribution of adenylate deaminase and glutamate dehydrogenase is remarkably uniform along the kidney. Starvation induced decreases in arginase and adenylate deaminase activities as well as a decrease in cortical serine dehydratase. Analysis of the variance of the enzyme data showed no significant overall changes with respect to distribution and starvation. The same analysis applied to aminograms indicated only significant changes when the distribution was studied on starved samples as a whole, with changes mainly in the urea cycle and some essential amino acids. The results suggested a remarkable degree of uniformity in kidney composition both with respect to amino acid and enzyme distribution. This uniformity is not markedly affected by starvation despite the important rôle of kidney in the overall amino-acid economy of the Mammal.
<i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> : A Model Plant for Genome Analysis (1998)

Arabidopsis thaliana is a small plant in the mustard family that has become the model system of choice for research in plant biology. Significant advances in understanding plant growth and development have been made by focusing on the molecular genetics of this simple angiosperm. The 120-megabase genome of Arabidopsis is organized into five chromosomes and contains an estimated 20,000 genes. More than 30 megabases of annotated genomic sequence has already been deposited in GenBank by a consortium of laboratories in Europe, Japan, and the United States. The entire genome is scheduled to be sequenced by the end of the year 2000. Reaching this milestone should enhance the value of Arabidopsis as a model for plant biology and the analysis of complex organisms in general.
Fusion Splicing Soft Glass Microfibers for Photonic Devices (2011)

We report fusion splicing nonsilica soft glass microfibers by using single pulses from a CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> laser. Splice loss of a 2-μ m-diameter phosphate glass microfiber is around 0.2 dB. By fusion splicing phosphate glass microfibers into closed-loop rings, we demonstrate a microfiber resonator with a <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</i> -factor of about 25 000 and a 1.5-μm-wavelength microring laser with a linewidth of about 0.05 nm. Our results suggest a potential approach to fabricating robust and versatile photonic components or devices out of soft glass microfibers that are excellent hosts for a variety of functional dopants.
Chemical aspects of nuclear fusion: New developments. Chemische Aspekte der Kernfusion: Neue Entwicklungen (1990)

Managing thermally controlled nuclear fusion will certainly be regarded one day as one of the most successful accomplishments in nuclear physics. At the same time, however, it will represent a technical achievement unparalleled in the history of science and engineering. This in turn would mean, in retrospect, that decisive contributions had to come from a number of disciplines as diverse as materials and engineering sciences and classical chemistry, and that the same collaboration will have to continue in the future in order to reach the ultimate goal, to construct a reactor capable of producing energy from almost inexhaustible source materials (fuels), such as deuterium and lithium. What is the chemist's role in this development. Similarly as in the development of fission reactors, i.e., the nuclear power plants currently in operation, chemists will have to ensure the existence of a reliable fuel cycle - starting from the availability, storage and reprocessing of the fuel through to the provision for safe storage of the waste. In this review article an attempt will be made to outline the problems associated with these tasks and the approaches to be made by the chemist in solving them. (orig.).
An effort-based evaluation of pedestrian route choice (2017)

Route choice is one of the main challenging problems from theoretical and practical viewpoints in the realm of pedestrian behaviour. A prime underlying concern of researchers in this field is to identify criteria or discover principles that pedestrians use to select their routes. Despite the fact that there are infinite possible routes between two given destinations in space, pedestrians in real situations tend to choose a certain finite number of available trajectories. As a consequence, there is a high demand for theoretical framework and models to describe route choice. The fundamental assumption is that pedestrians follow a route over which effort is optimized. The existing criteria in the literature to predict route choice of pedestrians are mainly related to route length and travel time. In this paper, we consider physical effort as a new criterion, which indicates the pedestrian’s metabolic energy expenditure that pedestrians may consume during their walk from origin to destination. A case study is included to illustrate the pertinent concepts and ideas introduced. Our discussion concludes with an overview of how this reconceptualization builds the foundations for a model that will enable improved operations, planning, and design of public transport facilities. Key words: Pedestrian behavior, route choice, metabolic energy expenditure, effort, trajectory.
Dispersions of Individual Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes of High Length (2004)

In summary, we have presented a suitable approach to obtain surfactant-stabilized suspensions of long, individually dispersed SWCNTs essentially free of bundles. The combination of mild tip and bath ultrasonication has proven effective in unbundling the SWCNT ropes and, at the same time, in minimizing tube shortening. This method is expected to be useful for applications that critically depend on the availability of bulk dispersions of long, individual tubes with minimized defect densities, such as for nanotube-based electronics and composite materials. Furthermore, the observed purification-induced changes in the electronic structure of HiPco SWCNTs indicate that care has to be taken when comparing their properties with those of the as-produced material.
Simulation of Deformation and Texture Evolution in Semi-Crystalline Polymers (1989)

Abstract : We developed a spectrum of mechanical based models which can be applied to the study of deformation and texture evolution of semi-crystalline polymers. We applied these models to predict behavior and texture evolution at large deformations. Results obtained from a composite model to polyethylene are presented and compared to the experimental data. The agreement with experiments is satisfactory. Keywords: Simulation of large strain plastic flow in semi- crystalline polymers, Polyethylene, Texture evolution, Stress strain, Curves, Tension, Amorphous materials.
Bandura : une psychologie pour le XXIe siècle ? (2004)

Résumé Après avoir livré un aperçu de la biographie de l’auteur, cet article propose une description synthétique des grandes dimensions de l’œuvre d’Albert Bandura, depuis les premières théorisations de l’apprentissage social jusqu’aux travaux des années 2000, en passant par la construction progressive de la théorie sociocognitive autour du concept nodal d’auto-efficacité. On cherche ici à souligner la portée théorique et pratique de cette œuvre et sa contribution majeure à la construction d’une théorie intégrative du soi. Son intérêt pour la compétence et l’accent qu’elle porte sur les dimensions sociales du soi lui confèrent une grande actualité et un potentiel heuristique certain.
Synthesis of Some Deuterated Aromatic Mesomorphic Compounds Used in Broad-Line 2H-NMR Studies (1985)

Abstract Twenty-one deuterated mesogens of the following types: HOAB (perdeuterated chains), 4-alkoxybenzoic acids (perdeuterated chain and acid deuteron), 7S5 and 8S5 (perdeuterated alkoxy chain), 4-alkoxybenzylidene-4′-alkylanilines (2 or 4 deuterons in the aniline ring, 2-α-deuterons on the alkyl chain and perdeuterated alkyl or alkoxy chain) and TBBA (perdeuterated alkyl chains or anil deuterons) were prepared for use in broad line 2H-NMR by using standard literature methods. The required 4-alkoxybenzoic acids, aldehydes and anilines with perdeuterated chains were prepared by alkylation of the appropriate 4-substituted phenol. The acid proton in the 4-alkoxybenzoic acids was replaced with a deuteron either by basic hydrolysis of the ester or acid chloride or by base-catalyzed exchange on the acid. Two deuterons were incorporated into the aniline ring ortho to the amino group by exchange in dilute H2SO4. Four ring deuterons, two α-chain deuterons or a perdeuterated chain were incorporated into 4-alkylanilines by the following sequence of steps: Friedel-Crafts acylation of benzene with an acid chloride, catalytic reduction, Friedel-Crafts acylation with oxalyl chloride, hydrolysis in base and a Schmidt rearrangement in H2SO4. New deuteration equipment was designed for the catalytic reduction using deuterium. IR, NMR and MS were used to determine the deuterium content in these compounds. Small differences in mesophase transition temperatures were observed for mesogens containing perdeuterated alkyl or alkoxy chains.
Isolation, Growth Characteristics, and Long-Term Storage of Fungi Cultivated by Attine Ants (1989)

Seven pure-culture strains of fungi cultivated by attine ants (ant-garden fungi) were isolated from locally maintained leaf-cutting ant colonies. An ant-garden fungus strain obtained from an Atta cephalotes colony, when offered to ants of the colony from which the fungus was isolated, was accepted as their own. Young fungus cultures were harvested and incorporated into the fungus garden, and cultures of intermediate age were used to begin a new fungus garden; old cultures were simply harvested. To facilitate further research on this fungus, growth characteristics of the different isolates were studied under a variety of conditions. They grew better at 24 degrees C than at 30 degrees C, and growth did not occur at an incubation temperature of 37 degrees C. In a broth culture medium, growth was enhanced by aeration of the culture and by addition of yeast extract, olive oil, sesame oil, peanut oil, soybean oil, corn oil, sunflower oil, cottonseed oil, walnut oil, safflower oil, or mineral oil. Glycerol did not noticeably affect growth, but Tween 80 inhibited growth. These fungi were extremely sensitive to cycloheximide, growth being totally inhibited at cycloheximide concentrations ranging from 0.4 to 4.0 mug/ml. To date, the ant-garden fungus isolates have remained viable in long-term mineral oil-overlay storage cultures for up to 4 years.
Effect of the Initial Precipitate States on the Creep and Creep Rupture Characteristics of 18-8 Ti Stainless Steel (1968)

The initial precipitate states in 18-8 Ti stainless steel with variable precipitate amount and shapesare made by heat treatment and their effects on the creep and creep rupture characteristics are mainlyinvestigated. Hardness at room temperature and short time tensile test at high temperature are examinedfor comparision with creep strength. The microstructures from extracted replica and thin foilare observed by electron microscopy.The creep characteristics are good represented for soluble Ti content (or soluble C content) and itis suggested that mutual action between soluble Ti and C is fairly great for creep strength. Moreover, the creep characteristics are strongly influenced by the initial precipitate states and this is discussedfrom the view points of mutual action between precipitates and dislocation. The needle type precipitate, which is assumed to be Cr3C2, is found to have the relation with the great decrease of creepstrength and its mechanism is discussed. It is observed that the effect of the initial precipitate stateson the hardness and short time tensile properties are very little.
Analytical markers for silk degradation: comparing historic silk and silk artificially aged in different environments (2014)

Suitable analytical markers to assess the degree of degradation of historic silk textiles at molecular and macroscopic levels have been identified and compared with silk textiles aged artificially in different environments, namely (i) ultraviolet (UV) exposure, (ii) thermo-oxidation, (iii) controlled humidity and (iv) pH. The changes at the molecular level in the amino acid composition, the formation of oxidative moieties, crystallinity and molecular weight correlate well with the changes in the macroscopic properties such as brightness, pH and mechanical properties. These analytical markers are useful to understand the degradation mechanisms that silk textiles undergo under different degradation environments, involving oxidation processes, hydrolysis, chain scission and physical arrangements. Thermo-oxidation at high temperatures proves to be the accelerated ageing procedure producing silk samples that most resembled the degree of degradation of early seventeenth-century silk. These analytical markers will be valuable to support the textile conservation tasks currently being performed in museums to preserve our heritage.