gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Putative periodontopathogens in “diseased” and “non‐diseased” persons exhibiting poor oral hygiene (1992)

The aim of the study was to assess the occurrence of some putative periodonto-pathogens in "test" and "control" sites in "diseased" and "non-diseased" persons, respectively, from an adult rural Kenyan population exhibiting poor oral hygiene and widespread loss of attachment (LA). 14 persons (less than 35 years) were assigned to a "diseased" category on the basis of at least 4 sites with LA greater than or equal to 4 mm; at least 5 mm LA and a pocket greater than or equal to 4 mm interproximally in a lower incisor ("test" site): and less than 2 mm LA and no pocket greater than or equal to 4 mm distal to a lower canine or mesial to a lower first premolar ("control" site). Age-matched "non-diseased" persons were identified on the basis of no sites with LA greater than 2 mm and no pockets greater than or equal to 4 mm associated with LA. Paperpoint samples from test and control sites as well as a scraping sample from the dorsum of tongue were examined for presence of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Bacteroides intermedius, B. melaninogenicus group, Capnocytophaga, Selenomonas spp., and Wolinella recta. P. gingivalis was found in 79% of test sites and 36% of control sites in "diseased" persons, and in 18% and 35% of test and control sites, respectively, in "non-diseased" persons. "No other bacterial group discriminated significantly between test and control sites or between diseased and non-diseased subjects. The surprisingly high occurrence of P. gingivalis in non-diseased subjects, both subgingivally and on tongue, indicates that deep periodontal pockets are not prerequisite ecological environments for P. gingivalis establishment.
A detection system for human abnormal behavior (2005)

This paper introduces a real-time video surveillance system which detects human abnormal behaviors. We present two approaches to such a problem. The first one employs principal component analysis for feature selection and support vector machine for classification of human behaviors. The proposed feature selection method is based on the border information of four consecutive blobs. The second approach computes optical flow to obtain the velocity of each pixel for determining whether a human behavior is normal or not. Both algorithms are successfully implemented in crowded environments for detecting the human abnormal behaviors, such as (1) running people in a crowded environment, (2) bending down movement while most are walking or standing, (3) a person carrying a long bar and (4) a person waving hand in the crowd. Experimental results demonstrate the two methods proposed are robust and efficient in detecting human abnormal behaviors.
Pyrazolono(3,4-d)pyrimidines. II. 6-Methylpyrazolono(3,4-d)pyrimidines and Some Reactions of Pyrazolono(3,4-d)pyrimidines<sup>1,2</sup> (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPyrazolono(3,4-d)pyrimidines. II. 6-Methylpyrazolono(3,4-d)pyrimidines and Some Reactions of Pyrazolono(3,4-d)pyrimidines1,2MARTIN HAUSER, EARL PETERS, and HOWARD TIECKELMANNCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1961, 26, 2, 451–455Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1961https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01061a043RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views202Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (558 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Oxygen delignification process chemistry for Acacia (2006)

A series of laboratory oxygen delignification were performed in this study at constant oxygen pressure and consistency to study the response of the pulp to the different process parameters, i.e. reaction temperature, reaction time, soda addition, and mechanical pretreatment, to the zero span tensile strength loss. The basic chemistry of the oxygen delignified pulps was under study including fiber charge, celluloses/hemicelluloses, and hexenuronic acid. The fiber structure such as curl, kink, fines, and fiber length were also discussed. NaOH charge can be reduced as much as 50 % by applying mechanical pretreatment to obtain the same level of selectivity at the oxygen delignification conditions described in this study.Mechanical pretreatment prior to oxygen delignification promoted a better selectivity for both Acacia mangium and MHW pulps. MHW kraft pulp did not show a significant extractive removal in all pretreatment methods during oxygen delignification. The ultrasonic pretreatment followed by filtering induced the best extractive removal among the other three methods.
Are Microreactors Useful for Organic Synthesis? (1999)

Recent developments regarding microreactors of which reaction volume is at μl order are reviewed from the viewpoint of system design for laboratory automation which is useful for process chemistry. Physical and chemical phenomena at μm level (size effects), structural elements, and fabrication methods concerning microreactors are summarized. Applied reaction examples classified into seven categories are also surveyed. The advantages of microreactors are (1) easy of rapid and precise control of temperature, which is helpful in obtaining of heat-unstable compounds, (2) high reaction rate, (3) high yield of reaction products (the author's hypothesis) and (4) easy of scale-up of reaction volume without complicated calculations in chemical engineering. The productivity of chemical compounds by microreactors is much enough for cost-effective fine chemicals. The importance of combination of computer-aided synthesis design and microreactors is also pointed out to swiftly validate the candidate reaction routes presented. In conclusion, microreactors have great potential for serving as a powerful tool for organic synthesis research.
The Second World War. 3 vols (1950)

Journal Article The Second World War, 3 vols. By Winston S. Churchill Get access John R. Hubbard John R. Hubbard Tulane University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of American History, Volume 37, Issue 2, September 1950, Pages 348–350, https://doi.org/10.2307/1892168 Published: 01 September 1950
CXCL16 REGULATES ANGIOTENSIN II-INDUCED INFLAMMATION AND PROTEINURIA (2012)

Hypertension is a major cause of chronic kidney disease. Recent studies have shown that inflammation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis and progression of hypertensive kidney disease. However, the signaling mechanisms underlying the induction of inflammation are poorly understood. We have found that CXCL16, a recently discovered chemokine, is induced in the kidney in a murine model of angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced hypertension. Therefore, we examined whether CXCL16 regulates inflammatory cell infiltration and renal injury using CXCL16 knockout (CXCL16-KO) mice. Wild-type (WT) and CXCL16-KO mice were treated with Ang II via subcutaneous osmotic minipumps at 1500 ng/kg/min for up to 4 weeks. To accelerate renal injury, all mice were subjected to unilateral nephrectomy and received 1% NaCl in drinking water. WT and CXCL16-KO mice had virtually identical blood pressure at baseline. Ang II treatment led to an increase in blood pressure that is similar between WT and CXCL16-KO mice. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that targeted disruption of CXCL16 inhibits infiltration of F4/80+ macrophages and CD3+ T cells in the kidney of Ang II treated mice compared with WT mice. Real time RT-PCR demonstrated that targeted disruption of CXCL16 reduced gene expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α) in the kidney of Ang II treated mice. Histological analysis revealed that CXCL16 deficiency inhibited Ang II-induced renal injury. Furthermore, targeted deletion of CXCL16 reduced Ang II-induced proteinuria and podocyte loss. In Summary, our results indicate that CXCL16 plays a pivotal role in the development of renal injury and proteinuria through regulation of macrophage and T cell infiltration.
Synthesis of Isopentenyiated 4-Hydroxy- 3-Methoxycoumarins and ω-Methyl-ω-Desacetyl Ripariochromene-B (1976)

Abstract Abstract Ω-Methoxyresacetophenone (5) reacted with either 3-methyl-but-2-enyl bromide in the presence of methanolic potash or with 2-methylbut-3-en-2-ol in the presence of boron trifluoride etherate to yield the same mixture of the 3-(6) and 5-(7)(3-methylbut-2-enyl) derivatives but in different proportions. In the former method, the 3-isomer (6) predominantes, whereas in the latter case the 5-isomer (7) does. The structures (6) and (7) and those of their methyl ethers (8 and 12) and 2,2-dimethylchroman derivatives (9, 10 and 11, 13) have been established by their NMR spectra. Both (6) and (7) have been converted into the corresponding 2,2-dimethylpyran derivatives (14 and 15) as established by their NMR spectra. The corpound (15) is the ω-methyl-ω-desacetyl derivative of riyariochromene-3 isolated from the Australian plant Eupatorium riparium Regel. (7), (14) and (15) have all been converted into
Rapid high-performance liquid chromatographic method for simultaneous determination of androstenone, skatole and indole in back fat from pigs (1994)

Abstract A rapid high-performance reversed-phase liquid chromatographic method for the simultaneous quantitative determination of the main boar taint compounds androstenone, skatole (3-methylindole) and indole, in back fat from pigs has been developed. The compounds are extracted by a simple homogenisation of adipose tissue in methanol; interfering lipids are removed by precipitation after cooling and centrifugation. Androstenone is derivatized pre-column with dansylhydrazine (5 min at ambient temperature) using BF3 as catalyst. The compounds are separated on a 60 × 4.6 mm I.D., 3 μm Hypersil ODS column (Hewlett-Packard) using a step-gradient; total time for the separation is 15 min. Fluorescence is used for selective detection. The limit of quantitation for indole and skatole is 30 ng/g and for androstenone 200 ng/g back fat. The results for skatole obtained by the present method were compared with those of a colorimetric method, while androstenone determinations were compared with two GC—MS methods and a RIA method. The correlations observed were in the range of 0.946–0.993. The average contents of androstenone and skatole were 640 ± 700 and 78 ± 113 ng/g (n = 1162 male pigs), respectively.
Crest-factor minimization using nonlinear Chebyshev approximation methods (1991)

Low crest-factor of excitation and response signals is desirable in transfer function measurements, since this allows the maximization of the signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) for given allowable amplitude ranges of the signals. The authors present a new crest-factor minimization algorithm for periodic signals with prescribed power spectrum. The algorithm is based on approximation of the nondifferentiable Chebyshev (minimax) norm by l/sub p/-norms with increasing values of p, and the calculations are accelerated by using FFTs. Several signals related by linear systems can also be compressed simultaneously. The resulting crest-factors are significantly better than those provided by earlier methods. It is shown that the peak value of a signal can be further decreased by allowing some extra energy at additional frequencies.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Extending the threshold of the eigenstructure methods (2005)

We present new eigenstructure based methods for spatial-temporal processing in passive sensor arrays. Unlike the existing methods of Schmidt and Bienvenu and Kopp, the new estimators are not based only on the underlying orthogonality relation between the "noise" subspace and the "signal" subspace, but also on statistical considerations stemming from the structure of the maximum likelihood estimator. As such, these estimators make better use of the available data and therefore have superior performance, especially in the threshold region, where efficient utilization of the data is most rewarding.
Molecular characteristics of cytostatic factors in amphibian egg cytosols (1989)

In amphibians, zygotes microinjected with cytosol of unactivated eggs are arrested at metaphase of mitosis. The factor responsible for this effect has been designated 'cytostatic factor, (CSF)'. CSF is inactivated by Ca2+ addition to cytosols. During storage of the Ca(2+)-containing cytosols, a stable CSF activity develops. Therefore, the first Ca(2+)-sensitive CSF and the second Ca(2+)-insensitive CSF have been referred to as primary CSF (CSF-1) and secondary CSF (CSF-2), respectively. We have partially purified CSF-1, which had been stabilized with NaF and ATP, and CSF-2 from cytosols of Rana pipiens eggs by ammonium sulphate (AmS) precipitation and sucrose density gradient centrifugation or gel filtration, and investigated their molecular characteristics. CSF-1 was sensitive to protease, but resistant to RNAse, and inactivated within 2 h at 25 degrees C. CSF-1 could be sedimented in a sucrose density gradient from a fresh cytosol or its crude fraction precipitated at 20-30% saturation of AmS, showing the sedimentation coefficient 3S. When analyzed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), all the proteins in partially purified CSF-1 samples entered the gel and were separated into numerous peptide bands. In contrast, CSF-2 was an extremely large molecule, being eluted from Sepharose columns as molecules larger than 2 x 10(6), and failed to enter the gel when analyzed by SDS-PAGE. It could be purified 40 times from cytosols. CSF-2 was a highly stable molecule, being neither inactivated nor dissociated at pH 11.5 or by 4M-NaCl and LiCl and 8 M-urea. It was also resistant to RNAse treatment. However, CSF-2 could be broken down into small peptides of variable sizes by trypsin, alpha-chymotrypsin, and papain, but not by S. aureus V8 protease, although it was less sensitive to proteases than CSF-1. The dose-dependency test showed that the activity of CSF-2 is independent of its concentration and that an amount of CSF-2 could cause cleavage arrest earlier when injected into a blastomere in a larger volume.
Pharmacokinetics of Three Commercial Antivenoms in Patients Envenomed by the Malayan Pit Viper, Calloselasma Rhodostoma, in Thailand (1990)

The pharmacokinetics of 3 monospecific antivenoms were compared in patients envenomed by the Malayan pit viper, Calloselasma rhodostoma. There was a biphasic decline in serum concentrations following intravenous administration. The initial rapid decline was attributable to the formation of venom-antivenom complexes, as the fall in antivenom during this phase was positively correlated with the initial venom concentration (P = 0.045). The total apparent volume of distribution for each antivenom was 1.5-3 times larger than that of the central compartment, which suggests some tissue distribution in addition to complex formation. This was marked for antivenom from the Government Pharmaceutical Organization of Thailand which contained mostly F(ab)2 fragments. The terminal elimination half time was shorter for Twyford antivenom of caprine origin. Systemic clearance was lower for Thai Red Cross antivenom. In 8 of the 26 patients who experienced recurrence of non-clotting blood after initial response to antivenom, serial measurements of plasma venom and antivenom concentrations revealed that recurrence of venom antigenemia and non-clotting blood bore no direct relation to the elimination half-life of the antivenom used, but non-clotting blood recurred when serum antivenom levels fell below 10-20% of the total given. There is no substitute for close monitoring of envenomed patients so that indications for further antivenom can be detected promptly.
Programas y apoyos técnicos para favorecer la accesibilidad en la universidad (2010)

La aprobacion y aplicacion de normativa de obligado cumplimiento incide en el derecho a una educacion de calidad e igualdad de oportunidades, y favorece la plena integracion en la sociedad de todas las personas. Junto a las actuaciones y los documentos de sensibilizacion, informacion y preparacion para la utilizacion de las tecnologias de la informacion y la comunicacion (TIC) como posibilitadores del acceso a estas por las personas con algun tipo de discapacidad, se va propiciando una nueva mirada hacia este colectivo. De igual modo, las politicas de  inclusion  universitarias, dotadas de valores y deontologia profesional, estan ofreciendo servicios y apoyos para las personas que necesitan atencion especial debido a alguna capacidad diferente. Vinculado al marco legislativo, se establece el  diseno para todos , con la premisa fundamental de la  accesibilidad.  En este trabajo se exponen las medidas adoptadas, ayudas tecnicas y programas que contribuyen, en gran medida, a lograr la efectividad del derecho a la educacion de muchas personas, y se presenta una sintesis de su proceso para favorecer el acceso de dicho colectivo a la universidad.
Perfect velocity focusing in hyperbolic electrode source‐drift space time‐of‐flight mass analysers (1998)

An ion source having the shape of a Paul trap, associated with an appropriate length drift space, ensures perfect velocity focusing in time. The ion source must be operated by high voltage pulses, delayed with respect to the ionization process. Perfect velocity focusing is obtained for ions leaving the end cap tip. The velocity focusing condition, the mass dispersion and the aberrations of such a time of flight mass analyser were derived. For a specific geometry the resolution was calculated and compared with that of a classical reflectron of the same length. The mass scale, mass ranges, and the possibility of eliminating undesired mass ions, have been briefly outlined. Copyright © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Physiological parameters of mental health predict the emergence of post-traumatic stress symptoms in physicians treating COVID-19 patients (2021)

Lack of established knowledge and treatment strategies, and change in work environment, may altogether critically affect the mental health and functioning of physicians treating COVID-19 patients. Thus, we examined whether treating COVID-19 patients affect the physicians' mental health differently compared with physicians treating non-COVID-19 patients. In this cohort study, an association was blindly computed between physiologically measured anxiety and attention vigilance (collected from 1 May 2014 to 31 May 31 2016) and self-reports of anxiety, mental health aspects, and sleep quality (collected from 20 April to 30 June 2020, and analyzed from 1 July to 1 September 2020), of 91 physicians treating COVID-19 or non-COVID-19 patients. As a priori hypothesized, physicians treating COVID-19 patients showed a relative elevation in both physiological measures of anxiety (95% CI: 2317.69-2453.44 versus 1982.32-2068.46; P < 0.001) and attention vigilance (95% CI: 29.85-34.97 versus 22.84-26.61; P < 0.001), compared with their colleagues treating non-COVID-19 patients. At least 3 months into the pandemic, physicians treating COVID-19 patients reported high anxiety and low quality of sleep. Machine learning showed clustering to the COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 subgroups with a high correlation mainly between physiological and self-reported anxiety, and between physiologically measured anxiety and sleep duration. To conclude, the pattern of attention vigilance, heightened anxiety, and reduced sleep quality findings point the need for mental intervention aimed at those physicians susceptible to develop post-traumatic stress symptoms, owing to the consequences of fighting at the forefront of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Freezing Tolerance and Alteration of Translatable mRNAs in Alfalfa (<italic>Medicago sativa</italic> L.) Hardened at Subzero Temperatures (1993)

We analyzed changes in populations of translatable mRNAs occurring in crowns of the cold-tolerant alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cv. Apica (CT) and the cold-sensitive cv. CUF-101 (CS) after their acclimation at low nonfreezing temperatures and at subzero temperatures. Both cultivars showed very similar translation profiles under all treatments. Low temperatures induced significant changes in the populations of translatable mRNAs. We observed a relationship between the accumulation of cold-regulated (COR) translation products and freezing tolerance within cultivars. Moreover, at least three COR translation products were specific to the CT and might be related to hardiness potential in alfalfa. Whereas extension of the cold acclimation period at 2°C reduced cold tolerance, incubation at subzero temperatures increased or maintained freezing tolerance. This increased hardiness was associated with enhanced translation of COR polypeptides and also with the appearance of new translatable mRNAs. This is, to our knowledge, the first report of altered gene expression in plants incubated at subzero temperatures. Marked changes in populations of translatable mRNAs at temperatures below freezing might be related to previous reports that alfalfa achieves maximum hardiness under snow cover when the soil has frozen. Translation in the presence of [3H]glycine showed that a large proportion of the COR genes encode for glycine-rich proteins (GRPs) and that some of the GRPs are specific to the CT.
The endo/lysosomal protease cathepsin B is able to process conalbumin fragments for presentation to T cells. (1991)

The protein antigens conalbumin (CA) and ovalbumin (OVA) are known to require uptake into antigen-presenting cells (APC) for their presentation to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-restricted T cells. In both cases proteolytic cleavage is thought to be a necessary step for the generation of the respective antigenic peptides. A specific inhibitor of the endosomal protease cathepsin B, Cbz-Phe-Ala-CHN2, blocks the presentation of both CA and OVA, whereas this inhibitor has no effect on the presentation of a processing-independent OVA peptide. Furthermore, the presentation of insulin, an antigen that needs processing but no proteolytic cleavage, is enhanced when cathepsin B is inhibited during antigen pulsing. When the APC were treated with an inhibitor of acid proteases, the CA response was not affected, while the presentation of OVA was diminished under these conditions. To estimate the relevance of these findings for the generation of the antigenic CA peptide, extracellular digestions of CA by cathepsin B were carried out. The fragment(s) present in these digests was recognized by T cells without further processing. Furthermore, the time-course of intra- and extracellular CA processing with respect to the capacity to stimulate T cells was similar. Taken together these data suggest that degradation by cathepsin B may be sufficient in vivo to generate the antigenic CA fragment. On the other hand, the blocking of cathepsin B does not appear to have an adverse effect on the general mechanisms of antigen presentation.