gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Subcellular compartmentation of sugar signaling: links among carbon cellular status, route of sucrolysis, sink-source allocation, and metabolic partitioning (2013)

Recent findings suggest that both subcellular compartmentation and route of sucrolysis are important for plant development, growth, and yield. Signaling effects are dependent on the tissue, cell type, and stage of development. Downstream effects also depend on the amount and localization of hexoses and disaccharides. All enzymes of sucrose metabolism (e.g., invertase, hexokinase, fructokinase, sucrose synthase, and sucrose 6-phosphate synthase) are not produced from single genes, but from paralog families in plant genomes. Each paralog has unique expression across plant organs and developmental stages. Multiple isoforms can be targeted to different cellular compartments (e.g., plastids, mitochondria, nuclei, and cytosol). Many of the key enzymes are regulated by post-transcriptional modifications and associate in multimeric protein complexes. Some isoforms have regulatory functions, either in addition to or in replacement of their catalytic activity. This explains why some isozymes are not redundant, but also complicates elucidation of their specific involvement in sugar signaling. The subcellular compartmentation of sucrose metabolism forces refinement of some of the paradigms of sugar signaling during physiological processes. For example, the catalytic and signaling functions of diverse paralogs needs to be more carefully analyzed in the context of post-genomic biology. It is important to note that it is the differential localization of both the sugars themselves as well as the sugar-metabolizing enzymes that ultimately led to sugar signaling. We conclude that a combination of subcellular complexity and gene duplication/subfunctionalization gave rise to sugar signaling as a regulatory mechanism in plant cells.
Destination Information Systems: Design Issues and Directions (1997)

:A destination information system (DIS) is defined as an interorganizational system (IOS) that provides travelers and travel counselors with easy access to comprehensive, timely and accurate information on a destination’s facilities, and the option of making reservations. Its development requires extensive cooperation by competing tourism product suppliers and destination promoters in both the public and private sectors. This paper identifies challenges encountered in the design of a DIS such as: (1) comprehensive information content from multiple data sources, (2) multimedia data management, (3) interfacing with global electronic markets, and (4) resolving problems arising from different data formats and standards. Technical design options are examined to address these design challenges. A proposed system architecture, called VIDIS, integrating viable design options is then presented. The VIDIS architecture exploits current technological advances in heterogeneous distributed databases, intelligent multimedia communication, and global electronic commerce. Implementation strategies of a DIS that adapt to organizational changes and rapid technological advances are suggested. Finally, design tasks and related organizational issues are discussed.
High-Throughput Discovery of New Chemical Reactions (2011)

A method that tests pools of reactants with catalysts allows for large-scale surveying of new reactions.
The elution of metal cyanocomplexes from polyacrylic - and polystyrene- based ion exchange resins using nitrate and thiocyanate eluants (2007)

Ion exchange resins can potentially be applied in cyanide recycling to address growing environmental concerns over the use of cyanide during gold extraction. In the present work the elution of copper-, iron-, and zinc-cyanocomplexes from polyacrylic- and polystyrene-based resins was studied. It was found that iron and copper cyanides are easily eluted from polyacrylic- and polystyrene-based ion exchange resins using either SCN- or NO3-. However, elution of the zinc cyanide complex from polystyrene-based resins was poor when using nitrate solution as eluant. Besides, an increase in elution temperature from 25 °C to 50 °C improved the elution of iron and zinc cyanides from polystyrene-based resins using a nitrate eluant; however temperature did not have any significant effect on other metal cyanocomplexes or for elution using thiocyanate. It was therefore proposed that the optimal combination of resin-eluant was site-specific, and depends on the features of the effluent, processing temperature, eluant concentration, and ion exchange resin under consideration.
Incorporating Grammatical Features in the Modeling of the Slovak Language for Continuous Speech Recognition (2012)

Incorporating Grammatical Features in the Modeling of the Slovak Language for Continuous Speech Recognition
Transcription by an immobilized RNA polymerase from bacteriophage T7 and the topolgy of transcription (1992)

It is often assumed that a polymerase moves along the template as it synthesizes RNA. However, a polymerase that tracks along a helical strand will generate a transcript that is entwined about the template. No such interlocking results if the polymerase is immobile and the template moves past it. Therefore we investigated whether immobilization inhibits the RNA polymerase of T7 bacteriophage using a hybrid protein, in which the polymerase is connected through a peptide linker to an immobilizing domain, which in turn was attached through an antibody to protein A covalently linked to plastic beads. Polymerase could be released by cleaving the linker with a protease, factor Xa. Comparison of the activity of the bound and free enzymes showed that immobilization reduced the rate of initiation about fivefold. However, when re-initiation was eliminated by removing excess template, immobilization was found to have little effect on the rate of elongation. Perhaps the untwining problem is sidestepped in vivo by immobilizing the polymerase.
Beta-blockers: ancillary properties important after all? (2013)

Key words Beta-blockers, ancillary properties, lipophilicity, intrinsic sympathicomimetic property, receptor affinity, selectivity, vasodilatory property.
DNA sequence of SSCP haplotypes at the bovine growth hormone (<i>bGH</i>) <i>gene</i> (1999)

Previous studies using SSCP and PCR-RFLP methodologies uncovered nine polymorphic sites within the bGH gene, defining eight intragenic haplotypes falling into two main groups. In the present study we report the DNA sequence of these eight haplotypes. A total of 1494 bp were sequenced uncovering a total of 12 sequence variants. Haplotypes within groups differed among themselves at one or two sites, compared across groups, haplotypes of the two groups differed consistently at six sites, each of which was monomorphic within the respective groups. This comes to 4 differentiating sites per kb, suggesting that the two haplotype groups began to diverge about 400,000 years ago. This corresponds approximately to the estimated time of divergence of the Bos taurus and Bos indicus lineages, raising the possibility, supported by other evidence, that the two haplotype classes represent taurine and indicine haplotypes, respectively. Nucleotide sequence divergence of taurine and indicine genomes of this magnitude has far reaching implications with respect to QTL mapping and marker assisted selection in breeds derived from taurine x indicine crosses.
Effect of Inhaled Nitric Oxide on Hemodynamics and VA/Q Inequalities in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (1994)

Nitric oxide (NO) has been reported to be an endothelium-derived relaxing factor, and hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction seems to be enhanced by inhibitors of endothelially dependent vascular relaxation. We examined the circulatory effects of inhalation of 15 ppm NO in air in 14 hypoxic patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Of these patients 4 breathed 100% O2 before NO. The effects of NO inhalation on pulmonary gas exchange were also studied in 12 of these patients using the multiple inert gas elimination technique, 3 of whom breathed air, 100% O2, and 15 ppm NO in air in succession. Under baseline conditions, both mean +/- SD pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance were increased (Ppa = 24.3 +/- 10.4 mm Hg and PVR = 3.3 +/- 1.1 mm Hg/L/min, respectively). Although the pulmonary circulatory effects were not immediate, with no detectable changes after 1 min NO inhalation, Ppa and PVR fell significantly (-19.1 +/- 10.5%, p < 0.02 and -29.3 +/- 15.1%, p < 0.02, respectively) after 10 min NO inhalation. Moreover, the extent of the NO-induced reduction in Ppa was found to depend on the level of baseline pulmonary arterial hypertension. No systemic circulatory effects were observed. The mean VA/Q ratio and the dispersion of ventilation and blood flow distributions were not altered by NO inhalation, although there was a significantly higher percentage of ventilation (7.3 +/- 7.3%, p < 0.05) in poorly and unperfused areas (VA/Q > 10).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Progress in the Design of Multivariable Control Systems (1971)

Frequency-response methods have not widely been applied to multivariable systems in which interaction is significant. The paper describes some recent progress in using computers with graphic output for this purpose.
Beneficial effects of oats in the gluten-free diet of adults with special reference to nutrient status, symptoms and subjective experiences (2003)

In several studies oats have been reported to be tolerated by coeliac patients. The aim of the present study was to investigate the nutritional and symptomatic effects of including oats in the gluten-free diet, as well as the patients' subjective experiences. Twenty adult coeliac patients included large amounts of oats in their diet. Food intake, gastrointestinal symptoms, blood samples and body weight were examined and compared with examination at baseline. Diet compliance was checked monthly. The results are based on fifteen patients eating oats for 2 years plus three with only 6-months consumption. The median daily intake of oats was 93 (range 27-137) g/d, and the compliance was good. The mean intakes of Fe and dietary fibre increased (P<0.001) with the oat diet, as well as the intakes of thiamin and Zn (P<0.02). The bioavailability of Fe tended to decrease; this seems not to have influenced the Fe status. Temporary increased flatulence was experienced the first few weeks, as well as improved bowel function with oats in the diet. All patients who carried out the whole study period wanted to continue eating oats after the study, as they found that addition of oats in the gluten-free diet gave more variation, better taste and satiety. Oats improved the nutritional value of the gluten-free diet, had no negative effects on nutritional status and were appreciated by the subjects. Including oats can help coeliac patients following a strict gluten-free diet.
Lidocaine Cyclodextrin complex Ophthalmic Drop, a New Topical Anesthetic Choice. (2012)

Our newly manufactured cyclodextrin based lidocaine eye drop could successfully induce sufficient anesthesia for 28 of 30 patients. Further studies with larger sample sizes are now being designed to find more clinical evidence about this method.
THE EFFECT OF GENISTEIN ON THE FERTILITY OF MICE (1955)

SUMMARY Synthetic genistein, 5:7:4′-trihydroxy- iso flavone, proved to be oestrogenic (that is to say produced vaginal cornification) when included in the normal diet of immature, spayed and intact female mice in amounts calculated to give daily intakes of 2, 10 and 15 mg respectively. Consumption of genistein also precipitated vaginal opening in immature mice. The fertility of adult male mice fed 15 mg genistein daily for 22–25 days was more severely affected than that of adult females similarly treated for 31–55 days. Of ten males, five were rendered sterile and the fertility of three others was impaired. Two of ten females did not mate and abnormal numbers of still-born young were produced by the remaining animals. Four males and one female did not recover fertility when transferred to normal rations.
The Complete Book of Minerals for Health (1981)

Minerals are essential to good health, although the general public seems to know little about them. Descriptions of 22 minerals (e.g., calcium, zinc, copper, chromium, and vanadium) include their role in the body, food sources, and interactions with other substances. Methods for avoiding hazardous levels of harmful minerals, such as lead, are explored. Mineral-vitamin interactions such as zinc's regulating effect on vitamin A metabolism are analysed. Recipes using foods high in various minerals are listed; efficient cooking methods which preserve mineral content are described. Twenty-eight body disorders are individually examined showing their mineral treatments, e.g., leg ulcers--zinc; acne--zinc; muscle cramps--calcium; and kidney stones--magnesium. Answers to frequently asked questions about minerals are presented in a question and answer format. Mineral contents of more than 200 common foods are presented in chart form. (cs)
Progressive Cardiac Dysfunction and Fibrosis in the Cardiomyopathic Hamster and Effects of Growth Hormone and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition (1999)

GH treatment alone improved LV dysfunction at 4 months of age in CM hamsters by increasing contractility and reducing wall stress but had few beneficial effects at 10 months in severe LV failure. After chronic ACE inhibition, addition of GH at 10 months had no additional beneficial effects and further increased LV diastolic pressure. These differing effects of GH may relate to the progressive increase of LV fibrosis in the CM hamster.
LAS SANCIONES ANTE EL HECHO ILÍCITO EN LA LABOR DEL COMISARIO EN LAS SOCIEDADES MERCANTILES VENEZOLANAS (2014)

El proposito de la presente investigacion consistio en analizar las sanciones ante el hecho ilicito en la labor del comisario en las sociedades mercantiles venezolanas; tomando como punto de partida la legislacion nacional vinculante por la materia como: Ley de Ejercicio de la Profesion de Licenciado en Administracion (Congreso de la Republica, 1982), Ley de Ejercicio de la Contaduria Publica (Congreso de la Republica, 1973), Ley de Ejercicio de la Profesion de Economia (Congreso de la Republica, 1971), Ley de la Actividad Aseguradora (Asamblea Nacional, 2010a), Ley de Mercado de Valores (Asamblea Nacional, 2010b), Ley contra la Corrupcion (Asamblea Nacional, 2003) y Normas Interprofesionales para el Ejercicio de la Funcion del Comisario (Federacion de Colegios de Licenciados en Administracion de Venezuela, Federacion de Colegio de Economistas de Venezuela y de la Federacion de Colegio de Contadores Publicos de Venezuela, 2007). Asimismo se cuenta con los aportes de especialistas en el area como: Bugeta (2007), Cabanellas (2006), Cueto y otros (2011), Diaz (2009), Gomez (2006), Greco (2007) y Parra (2005). El tipo de investigacion empleada fue documental con un diseno bibliografico, transeccional o transversal, la poblacion manejada esta conformada por las compilaciones y textos legales, la tecnica que se empleo para desarrollar el tema de estudio fue la observacion documental. Como resultado se obtuvo que las sanciones ante el hecho ilicito en la labor del comisario en las sociedades mercantiles venezolanas son de tipo civiles, en cuyo caso se encuentra la multa como forma de compensacion pecuniaria de los posibles danos ocasionados por el hecho ilicito, en cuanto a la sancion penal esta la pena de prision e intergremiales, las amonestaciones publicas y privadas, suspension del ejercicio de la profesion y la cancelacion de registro ante el colegio respectivo. Palabras clave: comisario, responsabilidad, sociedades mercantiles, sanciones.
Salicylate‐mediated interactions between pathogens and herbivores (2010)

Plants employ hormone-mediated signaling pathways to defend against pathogens and insects. We tested predictions about the relative effect of jasmonate and salicylate pathways and how they mediate interactions between pathogens and herbivores. We employed two pathogens of tomato, Pseudomonas syringae (Pst) and tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), that are known to elicit distinct components of the two pathways, and we address the consequences of their induction for resistance in wild-type and salicylate-deficient transgenic plants in field experiments. We report that Pst infection induced jasmonic acid and proteinase inhibitors (PIs), and reduced the growth of Spodoptera exigua caterpillars on wild-type and salicylate-deficient plants. Pst and TMV both induced salicylic acid in wild-type but not salicylate-deficient plants. Although TMV did not affect jasmonic acid or PIs, infection increased caterpillar growth on wild-type plants, but not on salicylate-deficient plants. Aphid population growth was higher on salicylate-deficient compared to wild-type plants, and lower on salicylate-induced plants compared to controls. Natural aphid colonization was reduced on TMV-infected wild types, but not on salicylate-deficient plants. In sum, jasmonate-mediated resistance is induced by some pathogens, independent of salicylate, and salicylate-mediated induction by other pathogens results in induced susceptibility to a chewer and resistance to an aphid. We conclude with a predictive model for the expression of defense pathways and their consequences.
Electrochemical and Bioelectrochemistry Properties of Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids and Carbon Composite Materials (2004)

Room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) are liquids at room temperature and represent a new class of nonaqueous but polar solvents with high ionic conductivity. The conductivity property of carbon nanotubes/RTILs and carbon microbeads/RTILs composite materials has been studied using ac impedance technology. Enzyme coated by RTILs-modified gold and glassy carbon electrodes allow efficient electron transfer between the electrode and the protein and also catalyze the reduction of O2 and H2O2.
La lettre et l'image (1970)

« L'histoire de l'écriture illustre, depuis des millénaires, la tentative de l'homme de fixer, dépeindre la parole », écrit Massin. C'est cette histoire que raconte l'auteur à travers un livre qui comporte plus de 1 000 documents qui reproduisent les formes les plus diverses de lettres de l'Antiquité à nos jours. Massin, en commentant ces documents, montre quelle a été la préoccupation permanente, qu'elle soit inconsciente ou affirmée, de tous ceux dont le métier est de se servir de lettres et d'images : « Retrouver dans le dessin de notre alphabet la trace de l'image de l'homme, de l'animal ou des objets. » Raymond Queneau présente ainsi cet ouvrage : « Voici un livre d'amour, un livre d'amour et d'amitié. Son auteur fait partie de la S.P.A., c'est-à-dire de la Société protectrice de l'alphabet...»
Secure content delivery using key composition (2005)

In this paper, we propose a novel framework for secure multicast on overlay networks. Our contributions are three-fold: 1) a technique key composition is proposed to cope with the secure multicast problems, 2) the proposed framework is totally distributed, i.e., no centralized control is required for subgroup configurations, and 3) a comparison of similar frameworks is provided, in which we show the proposed framework is more efficient in that its time and space complexity are bounded by constants, regardless of the number of coexisting groups, the group size, and the degree of transit nodes.
Oxidative Cyclization of a, c-Biladienes: the Role of the Metal Ion (1998)

Previous literature work has assumed that the metal ion in metal-assisted a, c-biladiene cyclizations serves as a chelator as well as an oxidant. New results suggest that the metal is not of primary importance in aligning the tetrapyrroles into the proper cyclic conformation prior to cyclization. Though the metal insertion into the tetrapyrrole can take place at any stage in the reaction sequence, it appears only to be essential after formation of the 1,20-dihydroporphyrin intermediate, wherein it serves to facilitate the elimination of the 1-substituent to produce porphyrin.
Superconducting Magnets, Quench Protection (1999)

Abstract The sections in this article are Coil Protection Circuits Quench Detection Magnet Protection Criteria Quench Propagation Electrical Integrity Case Histories Summary
Effects of Transforming Growth Factor-<i>ß</i>1 and Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor on Proliferation of Cell Cultures Derived from Human Vestibular Nerve Schwannoma (1998)

The influence of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on growth of cell cultures derived from unilateral vestibular nerve schwannomas was investigated. Cell cultures were initiated from 9 schwannomas and characterized immunocytochemically with antibodies against S-100 and type IV collagen. The effects of TGF-beta1 and bFGF on DNA synthesis in chemically defined serum-free medium were assessed by measuring the incorporation of 5-bromo-2'-deoxy-uridine (BRDU) into cellular DNA. Cell proliferation was evaluated with an electronic cell counter. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed using oligonucleotide primers specific for TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2. TGF-beta1 stimulated DNA synthesis in a dose dependent manner. Maximal stimulation was observed at a concentration of 1 ng/ml, which induced a nearly 2-fold increase in DNA content. This effect was not seen when TGF-beta1 was added in the presence of neutralizing antibodies. In addition, antibodies against TGF-beta1 significantly reduced DNA synthesis in control cultures without supplemented exogenous growth factors. bFGF alone had no significant effects on DNA synthesis. In contrast, when TGF-beta1 and bFGF were added together, the mitogenic response was much greater than produced by TGF-beta1 alone. RT-PCR showed that the cultured cells expressed mRNA for both TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2. We hypothesize that TGF-beta1 is an autocrine growth factor for human vestibular nerve schwannomas in culture. A similar mechanism might be involved in the growth of these tumors in situ.
Construção de um instrumento de avaliação da integração das tic na escola (2000)

A integração das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC) na Educação e na Escola tem sido levada a efeito através da execução de vários programas e projectos. No caso Português, o Programa Nónio - Século XXI constitui hoje em dia uma das principais iniciativas lançadas pelo Ministério da Educação, pretendendo responder à necessidade de adaptar as escolas às novas exigências colocadas pela sociedade da informação. As escolas candidatam-se apresentando projectos de aplicação das TIC, os quais são devidamente acompanhados por Centros de Competência do Programa Nónio. No desenvolvimento de um projecto, a avaliação constitui um dos momentos chave. Considerando-se que se trata do processo pelo qual se delimitam, obtêm e fornecem informações úteis que permitem julgar sobre decisões possíveis, a avaliação deve ser posta ao serviço de uma melhor gestão da acção. Esta comunicação trata da concepção de um questionário para avaliar a integração das TIC na Escola. Tendo por base o instrumento “Indicadores de Qualidade do Uso das TIC em Educação” elaborado pela NAACE (National Association of Advisers for Computers in Education), construímos e validámos para a realidade portuguesa um questionário, especialmente aconselhado para recolha de dados junto de populações e amostras alargadas, permitindo obter informação sobre os padrões de competência, as condições de ensino e a administração das TIC.
Étude de la technique d'échange ionique avec compétition. Cas du dépôt de platine sur support solide acide par échange cationique (1979)

Cet article présente une étude détaillée de la technique de dépôt de platine sur support acide par échange cationique avec compétition. Cette technique permet d'obtenir à la fois une dispersion quasi atomique et une répartition macroscopique homogène du métal sur la surface du solide. En l'absence de limitations diffusionnelles extra-granulaires, les résultats expérimentaux sont en bon accord avec les prévisions théoriques .