gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abnormal immunological development in fetuses with trisomy 18 (1994)

Flow cytometry was used to enumerate the lymphocyte subpopulations in fetal blood obtained by cordocentesis from eight trisomy 18 fetuses at 20-36 weeks' gestation. Compared with values in chromosomally normal fetuses, in trisomy 18 the mean T- and natural killer (NK) cell counts were significantly lower (t = -7.63, P < 0.001 and t = -3.58, P < 0.01, respectively); the mean B-cell count was not significantly different (t = -1.32). These findings demonstrate that in trisomy 18 there is abnormal intrauterine development of the immune system.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Reduction of dNTP levels enhances DNA replication fidelity in vivo. (2013)

ATP is the most important energy source for the maintenance and growth of living cells. Here we report that the impairment of the aerobic respiratory chain by inactivation of the ndh gene, or the inhibition of glycolysis with arsenate, both of which reduce intracellular ATP, result in a significant decrease in spontaneous mutagenesis in Escherichia coli. The genetic analyses and mutation spectra in the ndh strain revealed that the decrease in spontaneous mutagenesis resulted from an enhanced accuracy of the replicative DNA polymerase. Quantification of the dNTP content in the ndh mutant cells and in the arsenate-treated cells showed reduction of the dNTP pool, which could explain the observed broad antimutator effects. In conclusion, our work indicates that the cellular energy supply could affect spontaneous mutation rates and that a reduction of the dNTP levels can be antimutagenic.Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. PMID: 23433812
Painful legs and moving toes (1984)

Six patients with the syndrome of "painful legs and moving toes" were studied. Although clinical differences were nonspecific, the EMG disclosed two subgroups: one with a simple, erratic pattern of spontaneous activities in foot and leg muscles, and the other with a complex alternating pattern in antagonistic muscles. In the first group, the physiopathologic mechanism is thought to act in the periphery: in the lumbar roots when local anesthesia of the posterior tibial nerve suppresses spontaneous discharges, or in the nerve trunk when it is ineffective. In the second group, the symptomatology may be generated centrally, implying a more general disturbance of sensorimotor control.
ChemInform Abstract: Natural and Synthetic Xanthones as Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors: Biological Assay and 3D‐QSAR. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Alterations in left ventricular diastolic function in conscious dogs with pacing-induced heart failure. (1992)

We investigated in conscious dogs (a) the effects of heart failure induced by chronic rapid ventricular pacing on the sequence of development of left ventricular (LV) diastolic versus systolic dysfunction and (b) whether the changes were load dependent or secondary to alterations in structure. LV systolic and diastolic dysfunction were evident within 24 h after initiation of pacing and occurred in parallel over 3 wk. LV systolic function was reduced at 3 wk, i.e., peak LV dP/dt fell by -1,327 +/- 105 mmHg/s and ejection fraction by -22 +/- 2%. LV diastolic dysfunction also progressed over 3 wk of pacing, i.e., tau increased by +14.0 +/- 2.8 ms and the myocardial stiffness constant by +6.5 +/- 1.4, whereas LV chamber stiffness did not change. These alterations were associated with increases in LV end-systolic (+28.6 +/- 5.7 g/cm2) and LV end-diastolic stresses (+40.4 +/- 5.3 g/cm2). When stresses and heart rate were matched at the same levels in the control and failure states, the increases in tau and myocardial stiffness were no longer observed, whereas LV systolic function remained depressed. There were no increases in connective tissue content in heart failure. Thus, pacing-induced heart failure in conscious dogs is characterized by major alterations in diastolic function which are reversible with normalization of increased loading condition.
Rotation Invariant Iris Recognition Method Adaptive to Ambient Lighting Variation (2007)

We previously proposed a rotation-spreading neural network (R-SAN net). This neural net can recognize the orientation of an object irrespective of its shape, and its shape irrespective of its orientation. The R-SAN net is suitable for orientation recognition of a concentric circular pattern such as an iris image. Previously, variations of ambient lighting conditions affected iris detection. In this study, we introduce brightness normalization for accuracy improvement of iris detection in various lighting conditions. Brightness normalization provides high accuracy iris extraction in severe lighting conditions. A recognition experiment investigated the characteristics of rotation and shape recognition for both learned and un-learned iris images in various plane rotations. The R-SAN net recognized the rotation angle for the learned iris images in arbitrary orientation, but not for un-learned iris images. Thus, the variation of the rotation angle was corrected only for learned irises, but not un-learned irises. Although the R-SAN net rightly recognized the learned irises, it could not completely reject the un-learned irises as unregistered irises. Using the specific orientation recognition characteristics of the R-SAN net, a minimum distance was introduced as a new shape recognition criterion for the R-SAN net. In consequence, the R-SAN net combined with the minimum distance rightly recognized both learned (registered) and un-learned irises; the unregistered irises were correctly rejected.
Recent developments in nondestructive evaluation of steel strands and cables using magnetostrictive sensors (2002)

Recent developments in magnetostrictive sensor (MsS) technology and its application to nondestructive evaluation (NDE) and monitoring of steel strands and cables are described. Areas of development include sensor design, instrumentation, signal processing, and NDE techniques. Examples of MsS application to NDE of steel strands are given, including monitoring of wire fracture events, inspection for fractured wires, and measurement of the applied load.
Multifunctional sandwich composites (2003)

Sandwich composites find increasing use as flexural load bearing lightweight sub-elements in air/space vehicles, rail/ground transportation, marine and sporting goods. The core in these applications is usually balsa wood, foam or honeycomb with laminated carbon or glass facesheets. A limitation of traditional sandwich onfigurations is that the space in the core becomes inaccessible once the facesheets are bonded in place. Significant multi-functional benefits can be obtained by making either the facesheets or the core, space accessible. Multi-functionality is generally referred to as value added to the structure that enhances functions beyond traditional load bearing. Such functions may include sound/vibration damping, ability to route wires or embed sensors. The present work reviews recent work done in enhancing the functionality of the core by use of the space in the core. The damage created by impact to sandwich constructions is always a limiting issue in design. In the present work, low velocity impact (LVI) response of newer/multi-functional sandwich constructions has been studied. Concepts of increasing sandwich core functionality have been reported.
An improved brain tumor detection and classification mechanism (2017)

Detection of brain tumor is an intricate job that has yet to be well furnished. At present, brain tumor is rising by a large scale amidst us. To detect and segment tumor from the MRI images we have designed an automated scheme. Our scheme comprises of Otsu binarization followed by K means clustering for segmentation. To extract features and reduce the dimensions of features Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) followed by Principle Component Analysis (PCA) is respectively used. The reduced features were submitted to a Support Vector Machine (SVM) for classification. The performance evaluation of the proposed scheme is made by comparing the results with the ground truth of each processed image using Sensitivity, Specificity and Accuracy calculations.
Local Ordering in the Pseudogap State of the High- <i>T</i> <sub>c</sub> Superconductor Bi <sub>2</sub> Sr <sub>2</sub> CaCu <sub>2</sub> O <sub>8+δ</sub> (2004)

We report atomic-scale characterization of the pseudogap state in a high-Tc superconductor, Bi2Sr2CaCu2O(8+delta). The electronic states at low energies within the pseudogap exhibit spatial modulations having an energy-independent incommensurate periodicity. These patterns, which are oriented along the copper-oxygen bond directions, appear to be a consequence of an electronic ordering phenomenon, the observation of which correlates with the pseudogap in the density of electronic states. Our results provide a stringent test for various ordering scenarios in the cuprates, which have been central in the debate on the nature of the pseudogap and the complex electronic phase diagram of these compounds.
A radically new suggestion about the electrodynamics of water: Can the pH index and the Debye relaxation be of a common origin? (2014)

The structure of pure water is commonly viewed as an openwork matrix of hydrogen-bonded H2O molecules with a Debye relaxation dynamics. The matrix is filled with free ions of low concentration , which makes water a weak electrolyte with . Traditionally, the Debye relaxation is considered having no relevance to the dc water conductivity (or the pH index): while the Debye relaxation is caused by the dynamics of intact H2O molecules, the dc conductivity, in contrast, is due to self-dissociation of H2O into H3O+ and OH− ions. Here, we consider a microscopic mechanism, which could unify the Debye and the dc dynamics, namely the Brownian-like motion of strongly interacting ions. The model comprehensively describes the low-energy electrodynamics of water (up to ) giving however an unexpected outcome: water behaves as if it had far more free ions than the standard model assumes. High concentration of counter charges results in a polarization structure of water. We recognize full well that such a radical model is contrary to many years of research on the dynamics, thermodynamics, and dielectric properties of water; but the results seem logically consistent and may prove stimulating.
Stress-induced absorption of a birefringence-reduced polymer optical fiber with doped core (2019)

Abstract A poly[(methyl methacrylate/2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate/benzyl methacrylate) = 52/42/6 (w/w/w)] copolymer was used to form the core of a polymer optical fiber (POF) with the purpose of fabricating a birefringence-reduced core (BRC). The fabricated POF showed almost no phase shift, regardless of the stress that was applied to the fiber. Therefore, it is possible to maintain the polarization in the POF core, which is an important factor for detection of the direction in which stress is applied to the POF. To detect the stress direction, the core of a BRC–POF was doped with dichroic dye. A doped BRC–POF that was fabricated using magenta dye showed variations in its output under operating conditions where the stress vector and the incident polarization formed different angular relationships. The results presented here are considered to be applicable to detailed structural monitoring using POFs.
Design of New Reconfigurable and Miniature Microstrip Planar Antennas (2018)

Recently, wireless communication systems have developed rapidly and have become more mobile and small. This necessarily requires the adequacy of its design. The materials used should be as much as possible small and at a lower cost. So low cost with reduced volume and low weight are some of the major challenges that must be faced by the designer of modern telecommunications equipment. The microstrip planar antenna is an attraction and the most crucial component used in mobile systems, and its miniaturization is one of the research challenges. This chapter focuses on the concept of miniature reconfigurable antennas by presenting and discussing the state of art with contributions in designing reconfigurable miniature printed antennas.
A Novel Direct Torque Control Strategy for Doubly-Fed Wound Rotor Induction Machines (2007)

In this paper, a novel direct torque control of doubly- fed wound rotor induction machines is studied. A rotor unity power factor based direct torque control strategy is proposed. By keeping the rotor power factor to be one, a switching-table- based hysteresis direct torque control system is built and the corresponding rotor voltage vector table is obtained. The feasibility of the proposed method is tested through Simulink simulations. Such a control strategy show several significant advantages. As only the feedback signals of the rotor side are required by the control, the system is simple. Due to the unity rotor power factor, the capacity of the inverter is reduced to the lowest level. The stator voltage and current waveforms are kept sinusoidal, which reduces the harmonic pollution to power grids.
System Identification of an Autonomous Aircraft using GPS (1997)

Stanford University’s GPS Laboratory has developed and
demonstrated a fully autonomous, small, unmanned airplane.
Recent flight tests of the airplane have been extended to
collect appropriate open-loop data to perform system
identification. In previous research in the GPS Lab, the
autonomous airplane, utilizing Carrier-Phase Differential GPS (CDGPS), has flown several flights of a predetermined
trajectory from take-off to landing. GPS, providing position,
velocity, attitude, and attitude rate, was the primary sensor for
the automatic controller. No inertial sensors were used during
the autonomous flights. The only additional sensors for these
previous flights were indicators for wind speed and direction.
Carrier Phase Differential GPS was the enabling technology
for the autonomous control. In earlier flight tests, the low
noise, high bandwidth, precise positioning allowed the
controller to function well with full sensor feedback. In fact,
sensor performance was accurate enough to allow the
controller to perform well even without an elaborate
mathematical system model of the aircraft. Previous flight
tests demonstrated a total system error of typically less than
0.5 m.
The same low noise, high bandwidth qualities of the GPS
position and attitude system make it ideal for system
identification. The multiple vehicle state information is
collected and used to generate a mathematical model of the
airplane. During the recent flight tests, the control surfaces
are systematically disturbed to observe the aircraft modes.
Several different modeling techniques are applied to the same
data and results are compared. Standard aircraft modeling
techniques using parameter identification and a priori
knowledge of linearized dynamics are compared to techniques
assuming no a priori information.
An fMRI study of the brain responses of traumatized mothers to viewing their toddlers during separation and play (2011)

This study tested whether mothers with interpersonal violence-related posttraumatic stress disorder (IPV-PTSD) vs healthy controls (HC) would show greater limbic and less frontocortical activity when viewing young children during separation compared to quiet play. Mothers of 20 children (12-42 months) participated: 11 IPV-PTSD mothers and 9 HC with no PTSD. During fMRI, mothers watched epochs of play and separation from their own and unfamiliar children. The study focused on comparison of PTSD mothers vs HC viewing children in separation vs play, and viewing own vs unfamiliar children in separation. Both groups showed distinct patterns of brain activation in response to viewing children in separation vs play. PTSD mothers showed greater limbic and less frontocortical activity (BA10) than HC. PTSD mothers also reported feeling more stressed than HC when watching own and unfamiliar children during separation. Their self-reported stress was associated with greater limbic and less frontocortical activity. Both groups also showed distinct patterns of brain activation in response to viewing their own vs unfamiliar children during separation. PTSD mothers' may not have access to frontocortical regulation of limbic response upon seeing own and unfamiliar children in separation. This converges with previously reported associations of maternal IPV-PTSD and atypical caregiving behavior following separation.
Fringe formation and coherence of a soft-x-ray laser beam illuminating a Mach–Zehnder interferometer (1995)

We investigated the fringe visibility produced by a Mach-Zehnder interferometer illuminated by a collisionally pumped yttrium x-ray laser operating at 15.5 nm. Fringe visibility varied as a function both of relative path delay and of relative spatial overlap of the beams. This visibility information was extracted quantitatively from several interferograms and analyzed to produce a characterization of the temporal coherence, yielding a gain-narrowed linewidth of 1.3 pm for the 15.5-nm laser transition and spatial coherence consistent with an effective source size of approximately 220 microm +/- 50% at the x-ray laser output.
Regioselective Functionalization of the Imidazole Ring <i>via</i> Transition Metal‐Catalyzed CN and CC Bond Forming Reactions (2010)

Abstract Functionalized imidazole derivatives include compounds that are known to possess a broad range of significant biological properties or are important templates in medicinal chemistry. In the light of the importance of these heteroaromatic compounds a great deal of attention has been given to their synthesis and, in the past years, a number of methods has been described in the literature allowing for the construction of the heteroaromatic core of these substances by cyclization protocols. However, in recent years, much more attention has been focused on the design and development of efficient protocols that are based on the selective functionalization of the imidazole ring at the N‐1, C‐2, C‐4 or C‐5 position via transition metal‐catalyzed reactions and enable the synthesis of imidazole derivatives, including bioactive and/or naturally occurring compounds, which cannot be accessed by other means. This critical review with 439 references covers developments in this hot area of research up to July 2009 and includes a description of synthetically important, regioselective transition metal‐catalyzed C sp 2 ‐N, C sp ‐N, C sp 3 ‐N, C sp 2 ‐C sp 2 , and C sp ‐C sp 2 bond forming methods, their applications, and limitations.
Left Ventricular Functional Analysis With 16- and 64-Row Multidetector Computed Tomography (2009)

There is a good correlation between LV EF, EDV, and ESV from gated SPECT and CT (particularly the 64-row CT). The LV volumes are lower on SPECT than on CT.
Compressive Holographic Microscopy (2010)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text J. Hahn, S. Lim, K. Choi, R. Horisaki, D. L. Marks, and D. J. Brady, "Compressive Holographic Microscopy," in Biomedical Optics and 3-D Imaging, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2010), paper JMA1. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
<title>Electrorheological fluids in dynamic squeeze: an improved modeling technique with experimental validation</title> (2002)

It is now widely accepted that smart fluids in the so-called squeeze-flow mode have many potential applications in vibration damping and isolation. In squeeze-flow the fluid is subjected to forces imposed by oscillating electrodes (or poles) which alternatively subject the fluid to tensile and compressive loading. Consequently displacement levels are limited to a few millimeters but large force levels are available. Modeling of smart fluid squeeze-flow devices is a complex process, primarily since the fluid is liable to be subjected to simultaneous changes in the inter-electrode gap and the strength of the applied electric (or magnetic) field. Consequently the authors have developed a comprehensive test facility dedicated to the study of smart fluids in dynamic squeeze-flow operation. In the present paper, the authors will describe a new approach to modeling smart fluids in squeeze-flow. The analysis relates specifically to an electrorheological fluid modeled using a bi- viscous shear stress/shear strain characteristics. By assuming that the electrically stressed fluid has a yield stress which is dependent on the strain direction, it will be shown how the model is able to account for observed experimental behavior.
Protease-activated receptor 2 activation is sufficient to induce the transition to a chronic pain state (2015)

Protease-activated receptor type 2 (PAR2) is known to play an important role in inflammatory, visceral, and cancer-evoked pain based on studies using PAR2 knockout (PAR2(-/-)) mice. We have tested the hypothesis that specific activation of PAR2 is sufficient to induce a chronic pain state through extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling to protein synthesis machinery. We have further tested whether the maintenance of this chronic pain state involves a brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/tropomyosin-related kinase B (trkB)/atypical protein kinase C (aPKC) signaling axis. We observed that intraplantar injection of the novel highly specific PAR2 agonist, 2-aminothiazol-4-yl-LIGRL-NH2 (2-at), evokes a long-lasting acute mechanical hypersensitivity (median effective dose ∼12 pmoles), facial grimacing, and causes robust hyperalgesic priming as revealed by a subsequent mechanical hypersensitivity and facial grimacing to prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) injection. The promechanical hypersensitivity effect of 2-at is completely absent in PAR2(-/-) mice as is hyperalgesic priming. Intraplantar injection of the upstream ERK inhibitor, U0126, and the eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4F complex inhibitor, 4EGI-1, prevented the development of acute mechanical hypersensitivity and hyperalgesic priming after 2-at injection. Systemic injection of the trkB antagonist ANA-12 similarly inhibited PAR2-mediated mechanical hypersensitivity, grimacing, and hyperalgesic priming. Inhibition of aPKC (intrathecal delivery of ZIP) or trkB (systemic administration of ANA-12) after the resolution of 2-at-induced mechanical hypersensitivity reversed the maintenance of hyperalgesic priming. Hence, PAR2 activation is sufficient to induce neuronal plasticity leading to a chronic pain state, the maintenance of which is dependent on a BDNF/trkB/aPKC signaling axis.
Primary Thromboprophylaxis with Heparins for Arteriovenous Fistula Failure in Pediatric Patients (2007)

PTP is a feasible option to prevent early thrombosis at AVF. Close clinical and laboratory monitoring including trough anti-factor Xa levels is required to adjust optimum anticoagulation. Larger studies are needed to clarify safety and efficacy of our PTP protocol.
Fentanyl-Induced Bradykinesia and Rigidity After Deep Brain Stimulation in a Patient With Parkinson Disease (2009)

A 58-year-old man with advanced Parkinson disease underwent battery replacement for a deep brain stimulator and experienced severe bradykinesia and rigidity postoperatively for 36 hours. The patient was administered fentanyl as an anesthetic during the procedure and as an analgesic periodically during the day after surgery. The severe bradykinesia and rigidity persisted despite reactivation of the deep brain stimulator and immediate reinstitution of Parkinson disease medications, but resolved completely several hours after discontinuation of fentanyl.