gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Silylation To Improve Incorporation of Zeolites in Polyimide Films (1996)

The silylation of borosilicate with APTS ((γ-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane) is studied as a tool to improve zeolite incorporation in PI (polyimide) films. Among other experimental parameters, a quantification of the zeolite outer surface silanols is performed in order to determine the most appropriate silylation conditions. Xylene sorptions, NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopy, and measurements of the specific surface of the zeolites were performed to characterize the silylation. Finally, the silylated zeolite was incorporated in PI films on which tensile strength, density, and xylene sorption were measured.
Reactions of Phosphorus Compounds. X. The Reactions of α-Halo Ketones and Nitriles with Tertiary Phosphines and Phosphites (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of Phosphorus Compounds. X. The Reactions of α-Halo Ketones and Nitriles with Tertiary Phosphines and PhosphitesR. D. Partos and A. J. SpezialeCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1965, 87, 22, 5068–5075Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00950a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00950a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views235Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Natural-gas-powered vehicles (2015)

AccessScience is an authoritative and dynamic online resource that contains incisively written, high-quality educational material covering all major scientific disciplines. An acclaimed gateway to scientific knowledge, AccessScience is continually expanding the ways it can demonstrate and explain core, trustworthy scientific information that inspires and guides users to deeper knowledge.
GAA•TTC repeat expansion in human cells is mediated by mismatch repair complex MutLγ and depends upon the endonuclease domain in MLH3 isoform one (2018)

DNA repeat expansion underlies dozens of progressive neurodegenerative disorders. While the mechanisms driving repeat expansion are not fully understood, increasing evidence suggests a central role for DNA mismatch repair. The mismatch repair recognition complex MutSβ (MSH2-MSH3) that binds mismatched bases and/or insertion/deletion loops has previously been implicated in GAA•TTC, CAG•CTG and CGG•CCG repeat expansion, suggesting a shared mechanism. MutSβ has been studied in a number of models, but the contribution of subsequent steps mediated by the MutL endonuclease in this pathway is less clear. Here we show that MutLγ (MLH1-MLH3) is the MutL complex responsible for GAA•TTC repeat expansion. Lentiviral expression of shRNA targeting MutL nuclease components MLH1, PMS2, and MLH3 revealed that reduced expression of MLH1 or MLH3 reduced the repeat expansion rate in a human Friedreich ataxia cell model, while targeting PMS2 did not. Using splice-switching oligonucleotides we show that MLH3 isoform 1 is active in GAA•TTC repeat expansion while the nuclease-deficient MLH3 isoform 2 is not. MLH3 isoform switching slowed repeat expansion in both model cells and FRDA patient fibroblasts. Our work indicates a specific and active role for MutLγ in the expansion process and reveals plausible targets for disease-modifying therapies.
Network protection by single and failure-dependent backup paths - modelling and efficiency comparison (2006)

The paper deals with traffic recovery in IP/MPLS network carrying traffic of different priority classes. Two off-line network design problems are presented employing two different recovery mechanisms – single backup path and failure-dependent backup path protection. Also, two routing strategies are studied in this paper. A network design problem with failure-dependent path protection mechanism combined with the routing strategy implying both load balancing and path length minimization is proposed in this paper. The efficiency of the approach proposed is tested by combining optimization and simulation tools. Numerical experiments show that using the proposed protection mechanism allows more traffic to be accommodated in the network and decreases the number of disrupted LSPs in case of failure, as compared to other recovery options considered.
Reflection micro-fresnel lenses fabricated by electron-beam lithography. (1990)

Reflection micro-Fresnel lenses and their application to an integrated optical-disk pick-up are proposed. Theoretical analysis indicates that the optical characteristics of reflection micro-Fresnel lenses can be improved compared with a conventional transmission micro-Fresnel lens. These reflection micro-Fresnel lenses were fabricated using electron-beam lithography and exhibited diffraction-limited focusing characteristics with 71% high efficiency. The pick-up has a folded optical path and includes a beam splitter integrated with thin film components, such as a reflection elliptical micro-Fresnel lens and a quadrant photodetector. The reflection elliptical micro-Fresnel lens in the pick-up exhibited excellent astigmatic characteristics in good agreement with theoretical results, and a focus error signal was also detected.
Abnormalities of the DNA Methylation Mark and Its Machinery: An Emerging Cause of Neurologic Dysfunction (2014)

Recently, Mendelian disorders of the DNA methylation machinery have been described which demonstrate the complex roles of epigenetics in neurodevelopment and disease. For example, defects of DNMT1, the maintenance methyltransferase, lead to adult-onset progressive neurologic disorders, whereas defects of the de novo methyltransferases DNMT3A and DNMT3B lead to nonprogressive neurodevelopmental conditions. Furthermore, patients with DNMT3A deficiency demonstrate overgrowth, a feature common to disorders of histone machinery and imprinting disorders, highlighting the interconnectedness of the many epigenetic layers. Disorders of the DNA methylation machinery include both the aforementioned "writers" and also the "readers" of the methyl mark, such as MeCP2, the cause of Rett syndrome. Any dosage disruption, either haploinsufficiency or overexpression of DNA methylation machinery leads to widespread gene expression changes in trans, disrupting expression of a subset of target genes that contribute to individual disease phenotypes. In contrast, classical imprinting disorders such as Angelman syndrome have been thought generally to cause epigenetic dysregulation in cis. However, the recent description of multilocus methylation disorders challenges this generalization. Here, in addition to summarizing recent developments in identifying the pathogenesis of these diseases, we highlight clinical considerations and some unexpected therapeutic opportunities, such as topoisomerase inhibitors for classical imprinting disorders.
Collaborative design with use case scenarios (2001)

Digital libraries, particularly those with a community-based governanc e structure, are best designed in a collaborative setting. In this paper, we compare our experience using two design methods: a Task-centered method that draws upon a group's strength for eliciting and formulating tasks, and a Use Case method that tends to require a focus on defining an explicit process for tasks. We discuss how these methods did and did not work well in a collaborative setting.
Thermal and X-ray characterization of polymer blends (1995)

In the last decade many studies have focused on phase behaviour of polymer blends. It determines the morphology and therefore to a large extend the mechanical properties. The most simple, well known and often used property to determine phase behaviour in polymer blends is the glass transition temperature Tg. A single Tg is a well accepted criterion for the occurence of miscibility. ... Zie: Summary
Dominant Influence of Electron Inertia on Ion Cyclotron-Wave Generation in Plasma (1969)

Electron inertia is predicted to have a dominant influence on ion cyclotron-wave propagation as the wave frequency approaches the ion cyclotron frequency. This influence should effect a reduction in the Stix coil coupling to a plasma column as the plasma density is lowered. Experimental coupling measurements, taken over an appropriate range of plasma density (2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{10}$ to 2.8\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{12}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$) on the Model-C stellarator, demonstrate the validity of the theoretical conclusion.
Fast tracking of ellipses using edge-projected integration of cues (2002)

Commercial applications of ellipse tracking require robustness and real-time capability. The method presented tracks ellipses at field rate using a Pentium PC. Robustness is obtained by integrating gradient and intensity values for the detection of contour edges and by using a RANSAC-like method to find the most likely ellipse. The method adapts to the appearance along the ellipse circumference and effectively separates object from background. Experiments document the capabilities of the approach with real-world examples.
Bi-Substituted Garnet Films Sputtered in Ar+H<sub>2</sub> for Magneto-Optic Memory (1988)

To investigate properties of Bi-substituted garnet film with many oxygen deficiencies, Bi, Ga:DyIG films were prepared by sputtering in Ar+H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> gas (H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> partial pressure 0 to 5%), and then annealed to promote crystallization. When the H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> concentration in the sputtering gas was raised, the Bi content of the film decreased. The film sputtered in Ar+H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> crystallized as a single garnet phase at relatively low temperatures (560°C for Bi = 1.5), even when the Bi content was low under non-stoichiometric conditions. The optical homogeneity of the film improved remarkably when the H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> concentration was raised; optical scattering due to crystal grain boundaries was reduced below that of film sputtered in pure Ar gas. This result is related to the many defects remaining in the crystal grains even after annealing. This was confirmed by the broad linewidths observed in X-ray diffraction studies. The magnetization and Faraday rotation hysteresis of films sputtered in Ar+H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> showed anomalies, which may have been caused by an impurity phase undetectable by X-ray diffraction measurements.
Exploiting Photonic Structures to Improve the Efficiency of Upconversion by Field Enhancement and a Modification of the Local Density of Photonic States (2012)

Upconversion of infrared photons has been established as a concept to mitigate transmission losses in solar cells. Higher upconversion efficiencies, however, are necessary, to enable a profitable application of upconverting components. In this paper, we examine the embedding of upconverting material into a photonic structure to increase upconversion efficiencies. The structure influences the upconversion efficiency in two ways: First, higher local field intensities increase the absorption and the population of higher excited states. Second, the local density of photonic states is modified by the structure. Thus, the probabilities of desired transitions can be increased. This work covers the design of a suitable model structure and its examination via various simulation methods, most importantly finite-difference time-domain simulations, combined with an upconverter rate-equation model. An increase of the upconversion efficiency by a factor of about 3.6 at an excitation irradiance of 200 Wm-2 is determined.
Laser displacement sensor with application to gravitational radiation detection (1980)

The principles of operation of a novel laser displacement sensor are described. The intended application of the sensor is to measure displacements induced by gravitational radiation. The laser sensor is composed of three coupled cavities, defined by two laser mirrors and the mirrors of a Fabry-Perot etalon placed inside the laser cavity. The laser is forced to oscillate in two longitudinal modes by a Fox-Smith internal mode selector. It is shown that the laser system can be made to operate in a condition where the beat frequency between these modes has an enhanced sensitivity to relative displacements between the etalon mirrors. A He-Ne laser displacement sensor was constructed, and a displacement sensitivity of 4.6 x 10(12) Hz/cm was obtained. This value is shown to be in good agreement with the value predicted by a theoretical analysis of the sensor performance.
Lightning‐associated precipitation of MeV electrons from the inner radiation belt (1988)

Transient perturbations of subionospheric very low frequency (VLF) radiowave signals provide new evidence for lightning‐induced electron precipitation (LEP) events involving short (<1 s) bursts of >1 MeV electrons from the earth's inner radiation belt at L ≤1.8. The signal amplitude changes are attributed to increased absorption in the earth‐ionosphere waveguide and/or alterations of the waveguide mode structure due to localized secondary ionization enhancements produced in the nighttime lower ionosphere and the mesosphere by the precipitating electrons. The otherwise stably trapped electrons are believed to be scattered in pitch angle during cyclotron resonant interactions in the magnetosphere with the lightning‐generated whistler waves. That some precipitation bursts consist partly of MeV electrons is suggested by (i) confinement of the perturbed subionospheric signal path to low magnetic latitudes ( L ≤1.8), for which corresponding electron energies for gyroresonance with typical whistler‐wave frequencies in the magnetosphere are >1 MeV, and (ii) the temporal signatures of the perturbation events, which often exhibit an unusually rapid initial recovery (time constant of τ <1 s) followed by further recovery at rates believed characteristic of less energetic events (τ ∼5–20 s). The latter is interpreted as a manifestation of the rapid variation with altitude of the effective loss rate for excess ionization over an exceptionally wide range of mesospheric altitudes (40–70 km) penetrated by the >1 MeV electrons.
IgH V-Region Sequence Does Not Predict the Survival Fate of Human Germinal Center B Cells (2005)

Germinal center (GC) B cell survival fate is governed in part by the outcome of successful/failed BCR-mediated interactions with accessory cells. However, the extent to which the BCR primary sequence influences such interactions is not fully understood. Over 1000 IgV(H)4 family cDNAs were sequenced from living (annexin V(-)) and apoptotic (annexin V(+) or from within tingible body macrophages) GC B cell fractions from seven tonsils. Results surprisingly demonstrate that living and dying GC B cells do not significantly differ in IgV(H), D, or J(H) gene segment use; HCDR3 length or positive charge; or mutation frequency. Additionally, equivalent IgH cDNA sequences were identified in both fractions, suggesting that BCR sequence alone is an unreliable predictor of GC B cell survival.
Homomorphic Cluster Coherent Potential Approximation for Off-Diagonal Randomness (1978)

We apply the homomorphic cluster coherent potential approximation (HCPA) to systems with off-diagonal disorder, and show that average Green's functions based on this approximation are analytic. On the other hand, the ordinary cluster CCPA for off-diagonal randomness yields nonanalytic solutions. In order to understand the problem of analyticity, we examine the fundamental features of nonanalytic solutions. The breakdown of analyticity is related to the existence of off-real axis branch points on the complex energy plane, the latter in turn being equivalent to the appearance of singularities in some implicit functions containing the average Green's functions.
Enhancement of Muramyldipeptide (MDP) Immunostimulatory Activity by Controlled Multimerization on Dendrimers (2011)

Peptidoglycan is a widespread bacterial PAMP molecule and a powerful initiator of innate immune responses. It consists of repeating units of MDP, which as a monomer is only weakly immunostimulatory. Here, MDP-coupled dendrimers were prepared and investigated for stimulation of pig blood mononuclear cells. Compared to monomeric MDP, MDP-dendrimers induced a markedly enhanced production of IL-12 p40, IL-1β and IL-6 and completely down-regulated surface expression of B7 and MHC class II. These results suggest a possible novel strategy based on controlled multimerization of minimal PAMP motifs on dendrimers for preparing molecularly defined immunostimulators with predictable bioactivities.
Discovery of a First-in-Class, Potent, Selective, and Orally Bioavailable Inhibitor of the p97 AAA ATPase (CB-5083) (2015)

The AAA-ATPase p97 plays vital roles in mechanisms of protein homeostasis, including ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) mediated protein degradation, endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD), and autophagy. Herein we describe our lead optimization efforts focused on in vitro potency, ADME, and pharmaceutical properties that led to the discovery of a potent, ATP-competitive, D2-selective, and orally bioavailable p97 inhibitor 71, CB-5083. Treatment of tumor cells with 71 leads to significant accumulation of markers associated with inhibition of UPS and ERAD functions, which induces irresolvable proteotoxic stress and cell death. In tumor bearing mice, oral administration of 71 causes rapid accumulation of markers of the unfolded protein response (UPR) and subsequently induces apoptosis leading to sustained antitumor activity in in vivo xenograft models of both solid and hematological tumors. 71 has been taken into phase 1 clinical trials in patients with multiple myeloma and solid tumors.
Construction mode for Intelligent Distribution Network (2011)

Smart distribution grid is an important part of the smart grid. From the actual engineering demand of the construction of Intelligence Distribution Network, the definition of Intelligence Distribution Network and the technology principles of construction are argued firstly in this paper. According to the function arrangement and the appliance range, the construction mode of Intelligence Distribution is divided into the simple type, the standard type and the extended type. The construction mode and the function configuration are described in detail from the angle of the functional specification, two-way communication channel and scope, etc. It would have the important practical guide significance for standardize and normalization engineering construction of Intelligence Distribution Network.
Allgemeine Grundlagen (1973)

Unter den Voraussetzungen, daß liefert die elementare Biegetheorie für stabförmige, auf Biegung beanspruchte Körper folgende Aussagen über den Spannungszustand:
Comparative studies on monoclonal antibodies raised against human gastric cancer for application to serum diagnosis of cancer. (1988)

Four murine MoAbs, KM191(IgM), KM206(IgM), KM230(IgG1) and KM231(IgG1), against human gastric cancer were generated using mice which underwent tolerance treatment to stomach tissues. They exhibited very similar high reactivities to stomach adenocarcinoma cells and low reactivities to normal cells in both membrane binding assay and immunohistochemical analysis. Their antigens were neuraminidase and protease sensitive and existed as macromolecules (1,000Kd) in body fluids. Binding of each antibody was inhibited by the others and KM231 showed the highest binding avidity. When they were used to detect the antigens shed in ascitic fluids and pleural effusions of cancer patients, KM231 allowed the most efficient detection of the antigen. The above results indicated that the four MoAbs bound to closely related epitopes on the same antigen and that the nature of its high binding avidity enabled KM231 to show the greatest efficiency in the detection of the antigen in body fluids. KM231 was applied to serum diagnosis and gave high positive percentages in pancreatic cancer(86%), hepatocarcinoma(87%), gall bladder cancer(50%), and gastric cancer(34%), whereas in healthy persons (0%) and benign diseases except for hepatitis(29%) the percentages were low. KM231 was similar to NS19-9, but quite different from NS19-9 in the high positive percentages of hepatocarcinoma in serum diagnosis.