gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrostatic discharge protection design for mixed-voltage CMOS I/O buffers (2002)

A new electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection circuit, using the stacked-nMOS triggered silicon controlled rectifier (SNTSCR) as the ESD clamp device, is designed to protect the mixed-voltage I/O buffers of CMOS ICs. The new proposed ESD protection circuit, which combines the stacked-nMOS structure with the gate-coupling circuit technique into the SCR device, is fully compatible to general CMOS processes without causing the gate-oxide reliability problem. Without using the thick gate oxide, the experimental results in a 0.35 /spl mu/m CMOS process have proven that the human-body-model ESD level of the mixed-voltage I/O buffer can be successfully increased from the original /spl sim/2 kV to >8 kV by using this proposed ESD protection circuit.
Solid-Phase Forming (Cold Forming) of Plastics. (1972)

Abstract : This report covers solid-phase forming of plastic parts. These forming concepts involve the use of traditional metal working techniques which are new to the field of thermoplastic part production. Discussed are: the various solid-phase forming processes; thermoplastic materials suitable to these methods; part design; advantages and disadvantages of the processes; equipment and tooling requirements; processing effects on part properties; production economics and suggested applications suitable to these techniques.
Rhombus-Like Stripe BA InGaAs–AlGaAs–GaAs Lasers (2004)

A 1.5-W continuous-wave power output in a beam pattern of 3/spl deg/ is obtained from a new designed rhombus-like stripe strained quantum-well diode laser (/spl lambda/=980 nm) with a 150-μm-wide emission aperture grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The /spl eta//sub d/ is as high as 78%, and the maximum output power by the new stripe laser is 5.0 W for antireflection/high-reflection coated devices.
Co-designing interactive tabletop solutions for active patient involvement in audiological consultations (2014)

Active patient participation in audiological treatment is central in improving the benefits and satisfaction that patients experience in the use of hearing aids. However, involving patients in their own treatment is challenging. Clinics often lack appropriate tools for information sharing and collaboration between patients and audiologists. In addition, patients may find it difficult to relate the treatment provided at the clinic to the hearing and hearing aid problems they experience in their daily listening environments. To help remedy these challenges we have investigated how hearing aid users and audiologists look on the idea of using shared tabletop interfaces, in combination with simulated sound environments, to support active patient participation during hearing aid adjustments. We have conducted three workshops in which hearing aid users and audiologists have co-designed low-fidelity mock-ups of tabletop interfaces. This paper reports on central design concepts and considerations that emerged through this work, and discusses the main design lessons that can be learned from this.
Schnitzler's syndrome: lessons from 281 cases (2014)

Schnitzler's syndrome is an autoinflammatory disorder characterized by the association of a monoclonal IgM (or IgG) gammopathy, a chronic urticarial rash, and signs and symptoms of systemic inflammation, including fever, arthralgias and bone pain. It was first described in 1972. This review summarizes the clinical features, efficacy of therapies, and follow-up data of the 281 cases that have been reported to date. Also, the results of skin histology, bone imaging, laboratory investigations, and studies of the pathogenesis will be discussed, including the pivotal role of interleukin-1 beta in this disorder.
Scalable layered MPEG-2 video multicast architecture (2001)

Nowadays, multimedia systems disseminating real-time video information over the Internet are becoming increasingly popular. However, the heterogeneity of network components and end systems, and the lack of congestion control in the Internet pose a major challenge in delivering video. In this paper, a layered multicast architecture is presented to achieve efficient distribution of MPEG-2 video streams over the Internet. The video data is partitioned in a hierarchical manner and transmitted in different multicast channels. The participants automatically subscribe to a number of channels based upon the network congestion and the capabilities of the end systems. This architecture provides scalability on both bandwidth availability level and on the end system capability level.
Ueber ein neues Condensationsproduct der Brenztraubensäure (1901)

W o I f f ' , Ueber ein neues Conclensationsprodzlct der in Betracht, yon denen I und TI das Verhaltniss eines Ketons zum Enol ausdriicken.Die eingehende Untersuchung ergab, dass die Saure eine Lactonsaure ist, deren Constitution in den obigen Formeln I oder I1 ihren Ausdrnck findet.Sie gehort der Klasse der tautomeren Substanzen an und liefert Abkommlinge beider Formen.Von der Enolform (11) leiten sich das Benzoylderivat und die neutralen Salze ab.Fur die krystallisirte Siiure bevorzuge ich die Formel I, in Losungen scheint ein Gemisch beider Formen enthalten zu sein.ct-Ketolactone (Oxolactone) sind von C 1 a i s e n "), W. Wisl i c e n u s " , K n o e v e n a g e 1 4 ) und E. E r l e n m e y e r 5, jun.durch Condensation voii Aldehyden mit j3-Ketonsaureestern oder cc-Ketons8uren dargestellt worden.Bei der vorliegenden Reaction tritt an Stelle des Aldehyds die Ketonsaure, im Uebrigen handelt es sich in allen Fallen um die gleiche, zu einer 7-Hydroxysaure fuhrende Aldolcondensation: ,CH3 CH, -C(OH) r CO-COOH \Cool3 CO-COOH
Molecular Genetic Approaches To The Study Of Fungal Pathogenesis (1989)

Beneficial microbes in the microbiome of plant roots improve plant health. Induced systemic resistance (ISR) emerged as an important mechanism by which selected plant growth–promoting bacteria and fungi in the rhizosphere prime the whole plant body for ...Read More
Oxidative Stress, Antioxidative Defence and Outcome of Gestation in Experimental Diabetic Pregnancy (2001)

Maternal type 1 diabetes is associated with an increased risk for foetal malformations. The mechanism by which diabetes is teratogenic is not fully known. Previous studies have demonstrated that radical oxygen species can contribute to the teratogenicity of glucose and diabetes. The aim of the present work was to study different aspects of free radical damage and antioxidant defence in experimental diabetic pregnancy. The activity of the antioxidant enzyme catalase and the mRNA levels of antioxidant enzymes in embryos of normal and diabetic rats of two strains were measured. The catalase activity was higher in embryos of a malformation-resistant strain than in a malformation-prone strain, the difference increased further when the mother was diabetic. Maternal diabetes increased embryonic mRNA levels of catalase and manganese superoxide dismutase in the malformation-resistant strain, but not in the malformation-prone strain. Embryos of the malformation-prone rat thus had lower antioxidative defence than embryos of the malformation-resistant strain. Administration of either vitamin E or vitamin C has previously been shown to protect embryos from maldevelopment in experimental diabetic pregnancy. The vitamins were used together in this thesis to yield protection in both the lipid and aqueous phase. The protective effect was not higher than what had been achieved using the vitamins individually. No synergistic effect was thus found using the two antioxidants together. The urinary excretion of the lipid peroxidation marker 8-iso-PGF2á was increased in pregnant dia-betic rats compared with non-diabetic controls, as was the plasma content of carbonylated proteins. Carbonylated proteins and TBARS concentrations were increased in foetal livers in diabetic pregnancy. However, no increased concentration of 8-iso-PGF2á was found in the amniotic fluid of pregnant diabetic rats. Both lipids and proteins were thus oxidatively modified in experimental diabetic pregnancy. It is concluded that experimental diabetic pregnancy is associated with increased oxidative stress and that the embryonic antioxidant defence is likely to be of importance for normal development in a diabetic environment.
ISU-ISU SEMASA BIDANGKUASA MAHKAMAH SYARIAH: SATU SOROTAN DALAM KES JENAYAH SYARIAH (LIWAT) (1999)

The issue regarding jurisdiction of sharF'ah courts in Malaysia isnever ending. There have been cases in the past, whereby civilcourts interfered with the jurisdiction of shart'ah courts, not tomention those decided after the amendment of Article 121(1) of theFederal Constitution. The amendment took place with the purposeof taking away the civil courts' jurisdiction over matters within theformer 's jurisdiction. Recent developm.ent whereby civil courtsclaiming its' jurisdiction over shari'ah courts in liwii( case, istotally unbecoming. In truth, there are specific provisions forliwii(' under every states Enactments and yet the civil courts retainedtheir jurisdiction. This article highlights the liwii( offenceand the issues surrounding the cases decided recently. Whetherthese cases hampered the amendment to Article 121 (1) of TheFederal Constitution or not is yet to be seen.
Phased arrays in radar (1990)

Array antennas were used in early radar systems. Today's microwave phased arrays with electronic beam-steering allow surveillance and tracking with variable data rates in a multifunction radar. The paper reviews system options and discusses the engineering of active arrays, using as an example the Siemens Plessey Radar/ARE MESAR, which is now undergoing trials and which is the first modular active array radar in the UK. Future applications, the success of which depends on cost-effective production of active transmit–receive modules, improved beam control, and larger wideband arrays, are outlined.
Activation of Diverse Signaling Pathways by Ex-Vivo Delivery of Multiple Cytokines for Myocardial Repair (2012)

We tested the hypothesis that simultaneous transgenic overexpression of a select quartet of growth factors activates diverse signaling pathways for mobilization and participation of various stem/progenitor cells for cardiogenesis in the infarcted heart. Human insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1a), and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) plasmids were synthesized and transfected into skeletal myoblasts (SM) from young male wild-type or transgenic rats expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP). Overexpression of growth factors in transfected SM ((Trans)SM) was confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and fluorescence immunostaining. Using our custom-made growth factor array and western blotting, multiple angiogenic and prosurvival factors were detected in (Trans)SM, including secreted frizzled related protein-1,2,4,5, matrix metalloproteinases-3 and 9, connexin-43, netrin-1, Nos-2, Wnt-3, Akt, MAPK42/44, Stat3, nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB), hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1α), and protein kinase C (PKC). The conditioned medium (CM) from (Trans)SM was cytoprotective for cardiomyocytes following H(2)O(2) treatment [P<0.01 vs. CM from native SM ((Nat)SM)], promoted a higher transwell migration of human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells (223.3±1.8, P<0.01) and in vitro tube formation (47.8±1.9, P<0.01). Intramyocardial transplantation of 1.5×10(6) (Trans)SM (group-3) in a rat model of acute myocardial infarction induced extensive mobilization of cMet(+), ckit(+), ckit(+)/GATA(4+), CXCR4(+), CD44(+), CD31(+), and CD59(+) cells into the infarcted heart on day 7 and improved integration of (Trans)SM in the heart compared to (Nat)SM (group 2) (P<0.05). Extensive neomyogenesis and angiogenesis in group-3 (P<0.01 vs. group-2), with resultant attenuation of infarct size (P<0.01 vs. group-2) and improvement in global heart function (P<0.01 vs. group-2) was observed at 8 weeks. In conclusion, simultaneous activation of diverse signaling pathways by overexpression of multiple growth factors caused massive mobilization and homing of stem/progenitor cells from peripheral circulation, the bone marrow, and the heart for accelerated repair of the infarcted myocardium.
The Use of Polynucleotide-Celluloses in Sequence Studies of Nucleic Acids (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Use of Polynucleotide-Celluloses in Sequence Studies of Nucleic AcidsP. T. Gilham and W. E. RobinsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1964, 86, 22, 4985–4989Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1964https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01076a050RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views85Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (629 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Use of Fullerenes in Cosmetics (2009)

As cosmetic technology advances, there is an increasing need to use new active ingredients in the development of cosmetic products. In the last few years application of fullerene C(60) and its derivates in cosmetics has been intensively tested. Fullerenes display a wide range of biological activities. Potent scavenging capacities against radical oxygen species (ROS) and excellent potential as biological antioxidants made fullerenes suitable active compounds in the preparation of skin rejuvenation cosmetic formulations. Currently published evidence on biological activities of fullerenes relevant for their cosmetic use and examples of published patents to illustrate application of fullerenes in cosmetic technology are presented. Future trends in the development of cosmetic formulations including fullerenes are discussed.
A Formal Approach to Concurrent Error Detection in FPGA LUTs (2012)

In this thesis we discuss a formal approach to the design of concurrent error detection (CED) logic in field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). Single event upsets (SEUs) occurring in look-up table (LUT) configuration bits are considered as the fault model. Our approach involves representing the LUT network of the design implemented in the FPGA with constraints to model the presence of SEUs as a boolean formula in conjunctive normal form. A quantified boolean formula (QBF) based approach to designing CED logic based on parity check codes is found to be infeasible for designs of a realistic size. It is shown that a satisfiability (SAT) solver can be used to find variable assignments that indicate which circuit outputs can be corrupted by upset events in the specified fault model. An algorithm is presented to automatically generate a parity check code, which will identify with one clock cycle detection latency a malfunction caused by an SEU. The resulting parity check logic can be verified using a SAT solver and it is shown to require fewer LUT resources than duplication for most circuits.
Separation of proximal tubule cells from suspensions of rat kidney cells in density gradients of Ficoll in tissue culture medium. (1977)

Rat kidneys were disaggregated with 0.25% trypsin. Cell were separated by velocity sedimentation in a previously described isokinetic gradient, by isopycnic sedimentation, and by velocity sedimentation followed by isopycnic sedimetation. In some fractions from the isokinetic gradient, 71.8+/-2.4+ of the nucleated cells contained histochemically demonstrable alkaline phosphatase (HDAP); in semithin sections, 62.7+/-2.3% of these cells had brush borders. The correspondence between fractions enriched for cells with HDAP and fractions enriched for brush border suggested that HDAP might be a suitable marker for rat proximal tubule cells. These cell constituted 46.5+/-2.6% of the nucleated cells in the starting sample suspension of kidney cells, and 81.9+/-2.7% of nucleated cells in the purified fractions from the gradients. More than 98% of nucleated cells in these fractions excluded typan blue. Following isopycnin centrifugation, the purest fractions contained 87.3+/-1.5% nucleated cells with HDAP, 9.6+/-2.5% nucleated cells iwithout HDAP, and 3.1+/-2.5% red blood cells. These proximal tubule cells had densities of 1.036 to 1.052 g/ml. With rate-zonal separation followed by isopycnic separation, the purest gradient fraction contained 93.0+/-1.9% nucleated cell with HDAP, 6.0+/-2.3% nucleated cells with HDAP, and 1.0+/-0.9% red blood cells. These proximal tubule cells sedimented a density of 1.041 g/ml. More than 98% of these cells excluded trypan blue.
Einführung (1967)

Die Röntgenbeugungsanalyse zur Ermittlung der Phasenzusammensetzung von Feststoffgemischen wird seit längerer Zeit auch schon in einigen Industrielaboratorien durchgeführt. Einem verbreiteteren Einsatz in der Industrie stehen einige Schwierigkeiten entgegen:
Batch-Instance Normalization for Adaptively Style-Invariant Neural Networks (2018)

Real-world image recognition is often challenged by the variability of visual styles including object textures, lighting conditions, filter effects, etc. Although these variations have been deemed to be implicitly handled by more training data and deeper networks, recent advances in image style transfer suggest that it is also possible to explicitly manipulate the style information. Extending this idea to general visual recognition problems, we present Batch-Instance Normalization (BIN) to explicitly normalize unnecessary styles from images. Considering certain style features play an essential role in discriminative tasks, BIN learns to selectively normalize only disturbing styles while preserving useful styles. The proposed normalization module is easily incorporated into existing network architectures such as Residual Networks, and surprisingly improves the recognition performance in various scenarios. Furthermore, experiments verify that BIN effectively adapts to completely different tasks like object classification and style transfer, by controlling the trade-off between preserving and removing style variations. BIN can be implemented with only a few lines of code using popular deep learning frameworks.
Modeling synchronization in networks of delay-coupled fiber ring lasers (2011)

We study the onset of synchronization in a network of N delay-coupled stochastic fiber ring lasers with respect to various parameters when the coupling power is weak. In particular, for groups of three or more ring lasers mutually coupled to a central hub laser, we demonstrate a robust tendency toward out-of-phase (achronal) synchronization between the N-1 outer lasers and the single inner laser. In contrast to the achronal synchronization, we find the outer lasers synchronize with zero-lag (isochronal) with respect to each other, thus forming a set of N-1 coherent fiber lasers.
Precision terrain height measurement sensor (2002)

A precision terrain height measurement sensor has been developed providing 1 inch height accuracy for short range applications. This sensor was developed to provide inputs into an automatic control system for multiple uses, both military and commercial. Military applications include mine plow control and active suspension control. Commercial applications include machine positioning systems for agriculture and road construction, and ride control for off-road vehicles. The system was designed using precision terrain height monopulse/interferometric techniques adapted from airborne terrain following/avoidance, air-to-ground ranging and 3-D reconnaissance modes. A demonstration radar was developed and tested. Accuracy down to 0.3 inches has been demonstrated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Das Verhalten von isotaktischen Polyacrylsäuren im Organismus. Verteilung und Ausscheidung bei Mäusen (1977)

Abstract Isopropyl acrylate‐2,3‐ 14 C and isopropyl acrylate‐2,3‐ 3 H were polymerized using anionic initiators. The isotactic polymers were fractionated by fractional precipitation and characterized. The polymer fractions were hydrolysed to polyacrylic acids by trifluoroacetic acid. Aqueous solutions of these radioactive labelled polyacrylic acids were injected intravenously to mice in amounts of 40 to 100mg/kg. Distribution in organs and the excretion were studied. About two thirds of the dose were excreted within the first two days with a half‐life of about 0,5 days. Further excretion took place with a half‐life of about six weeks. Distribution in the organism was not uniform; the highest concentrations were found in spleen, bones, and liver, i.e. organs being parts of the reticuloendothelial system. A relationship between organ concentration and molecular weight of the polyacrylic acid was only observed in the spleen. Nine weeks after injection about 10% of the dose were still retained in the organism, mainly in the skeleton.
False and Multiple Solutions by the Discounted Cash Flow Method for Determining Interest Rate of Return (1958)

(1958). False and Multiple Solutions by the Discounted Cash Flow Method for Determining Interest Rate of Return. The Engineering Economist: Vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 1-31.
The thioredoxin system: a key target in tumour and endothelial cells (2008)

Thioredoxin is a redox-sensitive molecule that has pleiotropic cellular effects, such as the control of proliferation, redox states and apoptosis, and is often upregulated in malignancy. The system controls the activation of a number of transcription factors through sulphydryl transfer and, through its activity on hypoxia inducible factor 1alpha, it is able to regulate vascular endothelial growth factor levels and hence angiogenesis. The thioredoxin protein has been shown to be upregulated in hypoxic regions of certain tumours, suggesting that inhibitors could potentially exhibit enhanced hypoxic toxicity and/or indirect anti-angiogenic effects. Evidence of this is becoming apparent in the literature. The current report reviews the thioredoxin system as an anticancer drug target and focuses upon two recent compounds, PMX464 and PX12, which reportedly inhibit this important pathway.