gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
- Field Effect Transistor Nanosensor for Breast Cancer Diagnostics (2012)

A biosensor, described succinctly by Ziegler and Gopel (1998), is “a device integrated with a biological sensing element, which is a product derived from a living system and a signal transducer which can provide a recognition signal of the presence of a specic substance”. The biological sensing element, which determines the specicity of the biosensor, can be composed of an enzyme, an antibody, a nucleic43.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................747 43.1.1 Nanoelectrical Sensors .................................................................................................... 748 43.1.2 Breast Cancer Diagnostics............................................................................................... 75043.2 Materials ...................................................................................................................................... 750 43.2.1 Wafer-Level Fabrication in Silicon-Based Materials ...................................................... 75043.2.1.1 Silicon Wafers .................................................................................................. 750 43.2.1.2 Design Features.................................................................................................751
Porphyrin Specificity of Ferro:protoporphyrin Chelatase from Rat Liver<sup>*</sup> (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPorphyrin Specificity of Ferro:protoporphyrin Chelatase from Rat Liver*Robert F. Labbe, Nancy Hubbard, and Winslow S. CaugheyCite this: Biochemistry 1963, 2, 2, 372–374Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00902a033https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00902a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views65Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
eXtended cumulated gain measures for the evaluation of content-oriented XML retrieval (2006)

We propose and evaluate a family of measures, the eXtended Cumulated Gain (XCG) measures, for the evaluation of content-oriented XML retrieval approaches. Our aim is to provide an evaluation framework that allows the consideration of dependency among XML document components. In particular, two aspects of dependency are considered: (1) near-misses, which are document components that are structurally related to relevant components, such as a neighboring paragraph or container section, and (2) overlap, which regards the situation wherein the same text fragment is referenced multiple times, for example, when a paragraph and its container section are both retrieved. A further consideration is that the measures should be flexible enough so that different models of user behavior may be instantiated within. Both system- and user-oriented aspects are investigated and both recall and precision-like qualities are measured. We evaluate the reliability of the proposed measures based on the INEX 2004 test collection. For example, the effects of assessment variation and topic set size on evaluation stability are investigated, and the upper and lower bounds of expected error rates are established. The evaluation demonstrates that the XCG measures are stable and reliable, and in particular, that the novel measures of effort-precision and gain-recall ( ep / gr ) show comparable behavior to established IR measures like precision and recall.
Neurons Self-Organize Around Salivary Epithelial Cells in Novel Co-Culture Model (2016)

Salivary gland bioengineering requires understanding the interaction between salivary epithelium and surrounding tissues. An important component of salivary glands is the presence of neurons. No previous studies have investigated how neurons and salivary epithelial cells interact in an <i>in vitro</i> co-culture model. In this study, we describe the self-organization of neurons around salivary epithelial cells in co-culture, in a similar fashion to what occurs in native tissue. We cultured primary mouse cortical neurons (m-CN) with a salivary epithelial cell line (Par-C10) on growth factor-reduced Matrigel (GFR-MG) for 4 days. After this time, co-cultures were compared with native salivary glands using confocal microscopy. Our findings indicate that m-CN were able to self-organize basolaterally to salivary epithelial cell clusters in a similar manner to what occurs in native tissue. These results indicate that this model can be developed as a potential platform for studying neuron-salivary epithelial cell interactions for bioengineering purposes.
Power Transfer Control by Radiofrequency Coupling to Supply Implanted Circuits (1996)

International audience
Induction of apoptosis in human corneal epithelial cells <i>in vitro</i> (1999)

This study suggests that exhausted medium can be used as a simple, rapid and potent positive control for apoptosis of HCE cells.
Generation of photon energy deposition kernels using the EGS Monte Carlo code (1988)

The EGS Monte Carlo code was used to generate photon energy deposition kernels which describe the energy deposited by charged particles set in motion by primary, first scattered, second scattered, multiple scattered and bremsstrahlung plus annihilation photons. These were calculated for a water medium irradiated with monoenergetic photons with energies in the range 0.1-50 MeV. In addition to the primary energy deposition kernels, primary charged particle transport was further characterised by computing the effective centre of the voxels, and the effective penetration depth, effective radius and effective lateral distance travelled by these particles. The dose per unit collision kerma for parallel monoenergetic primary photons beta' was calculated. Additional applications of the energy deposition kernels are discussed.
Mapping by admixture linkage disequilibrium in human populations: limits and guidelines. (1994)

Certain human hereditary conditions, notably those with low penetrance and those which require an environmental event such as infectious disease exposure, are difficult to localize in pedigree analysis, because of uncertainty in the phenotype of an affected patient's relatives. An approach to locating these genes in human cohort studies would be to use association analysis, which depends on linkage disequilibrium of flanking polymorphic DNA markers. In theory, a high degree of linkage disequilibrium between genes separated by 10-20 cM will be generated and persist in populations that have a history of recent (3-20 generations ago) admixture between genetically differentiated racial groups, such as has occurred in African Americans and Hispanic populations. We have conducted analytic and computer simulations to quantify the effect of genetic, genomic, and population parameters that affect the amount and ascertainment of linkage disequilibrium in populations with a history of genetic admixture. Our goal is to thoroughly explore the ranges of all relevant parameters or factors (e.g., sample size and degree of genetic differentiation between populations) that may be involved in gene localization studies, in hopes of prescribing guidelines for an efficient mapping strategy. The results provide reasonable limits on sample size (200-300 patients), marker number (200-300 in 20-cM intervals), and allele differentiation (loci with allele frequency difference of > or = .3 between admixed parent populations) to produce an efficient approach (> 95% ascertainment) for locating genes not easily tracked in human pedigrees.
Polyethersulfone-[silicon oxide] hybrid materials viain situ sol-gel reactions for tetra-alkoxysilanes (1998)

Polyethersulfone (PES)–[silicon oxide] hybrids were derived via sol–gel reactions for tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) in dimethylacetamide solutions of the polymer. In one scheme, water was initially present, and condensation reactions between SiOR groups competed with their reactions with —OH groups at PES chain ends. In a second scheme, water addition was delayed; TMOS molecules reacted with chain ends before competing TMOS–TMOS reactions occurred. A third study involved parallel experiments, as follows: 1) introduction of EtOH to PES–TEOS solutions for a time before water addition; and 2) reactions occurring for a time in non-EtOH-containing PES–TEOS solutions before water addition. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy uncovered signatures of Si–O–Si bridges in silicon oxide phases and PES endgroup modifications (Si–O–Ph). Composites prepared according to the latter two schemes contain more Si–O–Ph linkages than those generated via the first. Differential scanning calorimetry showed that Tg can be raised, and thermogravimetric analysis revealed how the PES thermal degradation profile can be modified via these inorganic incorporations. The schemes for late water addition produced composites having increased elongation-to-break and lowered strength relative to unfilled PES. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 67:1799–1810, 1998
A Smooth Solvation Potential Based on the Conductor-Like Screening Model (1999)

The development of a smooth solvation potential from which analytic derivatives can be derived is important for molecular applications that require geometry optimization and conformational sampling. Derivatives in conventional boundary element solvation methods are typically treated approximately, and contain singularities that arise from discontinuities in the potential. We present a simple smooth solvation potential that is based on the conductor-like screening model proposed by Klamt and Schüürmann (Klamt, A.; Schüürmann, G. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin. Trans. 2, 1993, 799). The model uses a simple solvent accessible surface with an atomic sphere discretization based on high-order angular quadrature schemes for spherical harmonics. Surface elements are modeled by spherical Gaussian functions with exponents calibrated to obtain the exact Born ion energy and uniform surface charge density and to avoid Coulomb singularities present in conventional point-charge surface element models. The set of linear equations are modified to produce a rigorously smooth solvation potential by allowing the effect of new surface elements to be turned on or off over a finite switching region around each atom. Numerical tests of the method are provided, in addition to discussions of rotational variance, generalization to arbitrary internal dielectric, use of constraints, and extension to a smooth surface area model.
Filtering for Nonlinear Systems, Smoothing, Error Analysis/Model Design, and Measurement Preprocessing (2011)

This chapter covers extensions of Kalman filtering that are routinely used. Specific topics considered in this chapter are: Kalman filtering for nonlinear systems, Smoothing, Error analysis and model state selection, Measurement preprocessing. Options for linear covariance error analysis include perturbation analysis of independent error sources, error analysis for reduced - order models (ROMs), and error analysis for truth and filter models that are structurally different. Smoothers compute the minimum mean - squared error (MMSE) estimate of a state in past time based on measurements up to a later time. Smoothing options include fixed point, fixed lag, and fixed interval. Most Kalman filtering applications are for nonlinear systems. The EKF handles the nonlinearities by linearizing about the current estimate at each measurement update. The iterated linear filter - smoother works similarly, but iterates on both the time update and measurement update steps when both models are nonlinear. Controlled Vocabulary Terms Kalman filters; nonlinear filters
Using Bio-inspired Models to Design Peer-to-Peer Overlays (2011)

Peer-to-peer systems are subject to frequent changes, fact which makes the resource management a very complex task. With the aim of reaching extreme scalability, centralized models no longer represent feasible solutions. Thus, we need to build flexible, adaptive, robust, and self-organizing systems, able to overcome all these challenges. We propose the design of a peer-to-peer overlay inspired from the layout of a honeycomb. In contrast with the common 2-dimensional grid, this structure reduces the number of neighbors that each node is connected to. Therefore, reorganizing the system in case of failures is done faster and with lower overhead. To generate and maintain the hexagonal overlay, the nodes rely on specific mechanisms explained and analyzed in this work.
Congenital Heart Disease in the Adult Patient (1995)

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a major clinical problem in children, occurring in 0.8% of newborns (1). In the past, most patients with CHD died in infancy. With improved surgical and postoperative care, as well as more accurate preoperative evaluation, the overall 10-year survival rate is >90%. As a result, >500,000 adults in the United States have surgically treated CHD (2). In addition, at least 150,000 adults are thought to have unrecognized, misdiagnosed, or recognized but untreated CHD (3,4). Diagnostic imaging procedures for the evaluation of CHD include plain film radiology, fluoroscopy, angiocardiography, echocardiography, scintigraphy, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Each has unique as well as overlapping abilities to characterize precisely cardiovascular anatomy and pathophysiology. We emphasize those congenital cardiac disorders found predominantly in adults. In addition, conditions that are usually unrecognized in childhood, “slip through the system”, and become clinically recognized in adults for the first time, often with an atypical clinical presentation, are discussed (5). The interpreter of the plain film radiograph has a unique opportunity to identify and often characterize the severity of a congenital cardiac disorder that may be unrecognized by the patient's physician. Important clues found on plain film radiographs will suggest either additional studies to pinpoint the type of CHD more precisely or that no additional studies are needed because the recognized lesion is incidental and not of clinical significance.
cDNA cloning, expression, and characterization of an arylphorin‐like hexameric storage protein, AgeHex2, from the mulberry longicorn beetle, <i>Apriona germari</i> (2004)

An arylphorin-like hexameric storage protein, AgeHex2, cDNA was cloned from the mulberry longicorn beetle, Apriona germari (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae), larval cDNA library. The complete cDNA sequence of AgeHex2 is comprised of 2,088 bp encoding 696 amino acid residues. The AgeHex2 had four potential N-glycosylation sites. The AgeHex2 contained the highly conserved two larval storage protein signature motifs. The deduced protein sequence of AgeHex2 showed high homology with A. germari hexamerin1 (51% amino acid identity), Tenebrio molitor hexamerin2 (49% amino acid identity), T. molitor early-staged encapsulation inducing protein (43% amino acid identity), and Leptinotarsa decemlineata diapause protein1 (43% amino acid identity). Phylogenetic analysis further confirmed the AgeHex2 is more closely related to coleopteran hexamerins than to the other insect storage proteins. Northern blot analysis confirmed that the AgeHex2 showed fat body-specific expression. The cDNA encoding AgeHex2 was expressed as a 75-kDa protein in the baculovirus-infected insect cells. Furthermore, N-glycosylation of the recombinant AgeHex2 was revealed by tunicamycin to the recombinant virus-infected Sf9 cells, demonstrating that the AgeHex2 is N-glycosylated. Western blot analysis using the polyclonal antiserum against recombinant AgeHex2 indicated that the AgeHex2 corresponds to a 75-kDa storage protein present in the A. germari larval hemolymph.
Development of an Intelligent Electromagnetic Sensor to Detect Ferrous Corrosion Products under Structural Coatings (2003)

A sensor based on the change in the magnetic field‐induced microwave absorption due to the presence of ferrous corrosion products on steel is described. This type of sensor for detection of corrosion under structural coatings is unique in that its sensitivity is to chemical, rather than physical alterations, to steel surfaces by corrosion processes. Preliminary results suggest that this sensor may be particularly sensitive to ferrous corrosion products found in the initial phases of the corrosion process.
Synthesis and characterisation of stable carbene–indium(III) halide complexes (1997)

The reaction of the stable carbene, >:>CN(Pri)C2Me2NPri, with InX3, X = Cl or Br, yielded either the 1∶1 or 1∶2 complexes, [InX3{CN(Pri)C2Me2NPri}] and [InX3{CN(Pri)C2Me2NPri}2], depending upon the stoichiometry employed. X-Ray crystallography showed one of the 1∶1 adducts, X = Br, to be monomeric and tetrahedral. The 2∶1 adducts have a trigonal-bipyramidal geometry with two halides axial and one equatorial. Conductivity and NMR studies suggested all these complexes retain their neutrality in solution. Treatment of InX3 with 1 equivalent of CN(Pri)C2Me2NPri and half an equivalent of water afforded the ionic compounds [HCN(Pri)C2Me2NPri] [InX4{CN(Pri)C2Me2NPri}] which are fluxional in solution at room temperature. The crystal structures of both compounds show the anion to be trigonal bipyramidal with two axial and two equatorial halides.
Theatre Design (1999)

Film analysis has learned to register presence of the camera, but performance analysis rarely considers the theatre space among the interactive elements. Dramaturgy, scenography or the mise en scene absorb commentary which tends to ignore the effects of the architecture on seeing, hearing and sharing, unless the production is in a new venue or in a strikingly unconventional space. Perhaps the concentration on lit space is a result of many theatre buildings being adapted for performance rather than having been designed specifically for it; moreover, in our enthusiasm for artists we have become habituated to considering performance in isolation from architecture, concentrating on “aesthetic expression.” However, the range of adapted spaces in Canada, such as Young People’s Theatre in Toronto, or Usine-C in Montreal invites study of the spaces of performance. And as the Livent empire reassesses its fortunes, as municipalities reconsider their commitments to housing the arts and as heritage societies raise funds for restoring/renovating old theatres, we might well pause to consider what architectural features of theatre might be most valuable, always bearing in mind how multimedia performances are to fit into our buildings.
The Nun protein of bacteriophage HK022 inhibits translocation of <i>Escherichia coli</i>RNA polymerase without abolishing its catalytic activities (1997)

Bacteriophage HK022 Nun protein blocks transcription elongation by Escherichia coli RNA polymerase in vitro without dissociating the transcription complex. Nun is active on complexes located at any template site tested. Ultimately, only the 3'-OH terminal nucleotide of the nascent transcript in an arrested complex can turn over; it is removed by pyrophosphate and restored with NTPs. This suggests that Nun inhibits the translocation of RNA polymerase without abolishing its catalytic activities. Unlike spontaneously arrested complexes, Nun-arrested complexes cannot be reactivated by transcription factor GreB. The various complexes show distinct patterns of nucleotide incorporation and pyrophosphorolysis before or after treatment with Nun, suggesting that the configuration of RNAP, transcript, and template DNA is different in each complex.
Influencing parameters of ultrasonic treatment of bacterial suspensions (2008)

In this study, several process parameters that may contribute to the efficiency of ultrasound disinfection are examined on a pilot plant consisting of four water containers with pumps to adjust water flow, a piping system and a disinfection unit. The disinfection efficiency of the ultrasonic technique was scored on a homogenous bacterial culture and on a mixed bacterial culture suspended in water. The influence of changes in volume of treated water, water flow rate, electrical power of the ultrasonic reactor, number of passages through the ultrasonic reactor, and initial bacterial concentration on the efficiency were examined on a pilot plant with two different types of ultrasonic reactors (Telsonic and Bandelin). This study demonstrates that the volume of treated water is a crucial influential parameters of ultrasonic disinfection through the impact on the residence time of water in the container and on the treatment time in the ultrasonic cell. Furthermore, the water flow rate, the electrical power of the ultrasonic reactor and the number of passages through the ultrasonic cell are also shown to be important parameters.
A comparison of industrial robots interface: force guidance system and teach pendant operation (2016)

Purpose This paper aims to propose an evaluation method to compare two different Human–Robot Interaction (HRI) solutions that can be used for on-line programming in an industrial context: a force guidance system and the traditional teach pendant operation. Design/methodology/approach The method defines three evaluation criteria (agility, accuracy and learning) and describes an experimental approach based on the analysis of variance to verify the performance of guidance systems according to these criteria. This method is used in this paper to compare the traditional teach pendant interface with an implementation of a force guidance system based on the use of an external force/torque sensor. Findings The application of the proposed method to an off-the-shelf industrial robot shows that the force guidance system has a better performance according to the agility criterion. Both solutions have a similar performance for the accuracy criterion, with a limit of about 2 mm in the achieved position accuracy. Regarding the learning criterion, the authors cannot affirm that any of the methods has an improved agility when the operator repeats the tasks. Practical implications This work supports the selection of guidance systems to be used in on-line programming of industrial applications. It shows that the force guidance system is an option potentially faster than the teach pendant when the required positioning accuracy is greater than 2 mm. Originality/value The new method proposed in this paper can be applied to a large range of robots, not being limited to commercial available collaborative robots. Furthermore, the method is appropriate to accomplish further investigations in HRI not only to compare programming methods but also to evaluate guidance systems approaches or robot control systems.