gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Collateral flow velocity alterations in the supply and receiving coronary arteries during angioplasty for total coronary occlusion (1995)

The unique observations of contralateral and ipsilateral coronary artery collateral supply before and after angioplasty suggest highly responsive conduits to hemodynamic conditions. The study of collateral supply system is not only significant for our current understanding of the dynamic behavior of the collateral circulation, but may also have important clinical implications for the treatment of patients with a chronic coronary occlusion.
Immunomodulating Effects of Peptidic Fractions Issued from Milk Fermented with Lactobacillus helveticus (2002)

The effect of peptides released during the fermentation of milk on the humoral immune system and on fibrosarcoma growth was studied. Lactobacillus helveticus was able to release peptidic compounds during milk fermentation due to its high proteolytic activity, as was shown by the degree of proteolysis and size-exclusion HPLC elution profiles. Three fractions of these compounds were separated and fed to mice during different periods (2, 5, and 7 d). The humoral immune response was assessed by following the number of IgA-secreting cells, and the antitumor activity was monitored by studying the regression of subcutaneously implanted fibrosarcomas. Feeding during 2 and 7 d with the medium-sized fraction (Fraction II) significantly increased the IgA-producing cells in the intestines, whereas feeding with the large compound fraction (Fraction I) during 5 d and the small compound fraction (Fraction III) during all three feeding periods provided similar increases. A double dose of Fraction II showed the highest IgA-producing cell count. The increase by Fraction III was shown to be caused by the presence of L-Tryptophan. Fraction II significantly decreased the size of fibrosarcoma when previously fed during 7 d, and feeding with Fraction I during 5 d decreased significantly its size after 35 d of growth. Although the mechanisms by which lactic acid bacteria enhance the immune system are not clear, this study clearly shows that bioactive compounds released in fermented milks contribute to the immunoenhancing and antitumor properties of these products. The release of bioactive peptides by lactic acid bacteria can have important implications on the modulation of the cellular immune response.
Assessing Research Impact (1994)

Three types of semiquantitative methods used by the federal government in research impact assessment are presented. These include the classic retrospective method (Project Hindsight), another retrospective approach (Project TRACES andfollow-ons), and accomplishments books used by selected research-sponsoring organizations (Office of Naval Research, Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Department of Energy Office of Health and Environmental Research, Department of Energy High Energy Physics Program, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency). The strengths and weaknesses of each approach are discussed. One goal of all the studies presented was to identify the products of research and some of their impacts. In addition, the Hindsight, the technology in retrospect and critical events in science (TRACES), and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) studies tried to identify factors that influenced the productivity and impact of research. The following general conclusions about the role and impact of basic research were reached: (1) the majority of basic research events that directly affected technologies or systems were nonmission oriented and occurred many decades before the technology or the system emerged; (2) the cumulative indirect impacts of basic research were not accounted for by any of the retrospective approaches published; (3) an advanced pool of knowledge must be developed in many fields before synthesis leading to an innovation can occur; and (4) allocation of benefits among researchers, organizations, and funding agencies to determine economic returns from basic research is very difficult and arbitrary, especially at the microlevel.
Region-of-interest Image Reconstruction Algorithms and Numerical Experiments (2009)

Though CT technique has been developed more than forty years,there are many difficulties in large object CT imaging,high-resolution imaging and how to reduce X-ray dose.In fact,in stead of full images for the whole object,the images of region-of-interest(ROI) are enough in many CT imaging applications,especially in medical clinical imaging according to the lesion organs.This paper focuses on ROI image CT reconstruction algorithms and X-ray field-of-view design.The key problem of ROI reconstruction is how to exactly and stably reconstruct ROI images from the truncated projection data.This paper introduces reconstruction algorithms for three different kinds of truncation cases.Numerical experiments were done to validate the above algorithm.Finally,we discuss the application prospects of the ROI CT imaging technique.
Functionalization of Covalent DNA−Streptavidin Conjugates by Means of Biotinylated Modulator Components (1999)

Covalent DNA−streptavidin conjugates are versatile biomolecular coupling reagents, since they have binding capacity for both a complementary nucleic acid and four molecules of biotin. The DNA−streptavidin hybrid molecules have been investigated for their capabilities to bind two different types of biotinylated components. Thus, (i) a functional biomolecule, e.g., a single-stranded DNA fragment or an enzyme and (ii) low-molecular weight biotin derivatives (“modulators”) were coupled stepwise with the hybrid molecules. Modulators were d-biotin, aminobiotin, and biotin-fluorescein conjugate as well as a lysine-rich 10mer peptide, containing a biotin and a fluorescein substituent. These modulators were chosen to affected the hybridization properties of the DNA−streptavidin conjugates. As investigated by surface-plasmon resonance and microplate solid-phase hybridization measurements, d-biotin, biotin-fluorescein, and aminobiotin decreased the efficiency of hybridization with complementary, surface-bound oligonucleotides to a varying extent. The basic peptide increased the conjugate's hybridization efficiency. Moreover, it was demonstrated in two examples how modulators can be utilized as additional functional domains of streptavidin-based conjugates. First, fluorescein-containing modulators were used as hapten groups, allowing a sensitive detection by means of specific antibodies directed against the modulator. Second, the biotinylated peptide was used as a carrier molecule to attach multiple fluorogenic lanthanide-chelate groups to the streptavidin conjugate, enabling its sensitive detection by time-resolved fluorometry. The applicability of this kind of bioconjugation strategy to generate sensor-probes for gene detection assays was demonstrated.
Synthesis and Sorption Analysis of Task-specific Fluorous Ionic Liquids (2013)

Six 1-alkyl-4-tridecafluorooctyl-1,2,4-triazolium triflimides 2a-f and 4-amino-1-tridecafluorooctyl- 1,2,4-triazolium triflimide (4) were prepared from the respective iodides 1a-f (1a, 2a: n-propyl; 1b, 2b: n-butyl; 1c, 2c: n-hexyl; 1d, 2d: n-heptyl; 1e, 2e: n-octyl; 1f, 2f: n-decyl) and iodide 3 by ion metathesis. Compounds 2a and 4 are liquid at room temperature. Two liquid fluorous imidazolium salts bearing functionalized polar substituents were synthesized in an analogous manner, namely 1-(2- (diethylamino)ethyl)-3-(heptadecafluorodecyl)imidazolium triflimide (5b) and 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)- 3-(heptadecafluorodecyl)imidazolium triflimide (6b) from the respective bromides 5a and 6a. The bis(triflimide) 5c has a melting point slightly above room temperature. Three fluorous ionic liquids (ILs; 2a, 5b, and 6b) were subjected to vapor sorption analysis at 25 °C and exhibited dual affinity to water and, even much more pronounced, to methoxynonafluorobutane (hydrofluoroether HFE-7100). Thus, IL 6b absorbed 3:2% (by weight) water and 200% HFE, whereas ILs 2a and 5b absorbed 0.4 and 0:5% water, but 300 and 1200% HFE, respectively. Commercial 1-butyl-2,3- dimethyl-imidazolium triflimide and 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium triflimide were used as reference compounds and absorbed 0.9 and 2:2% water, respectively, but only 17% HFE.
High-Voltage Stability of Interfacial Reaction at the LiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Thin Film Electrodes/Liquid Electrolytes with Boroxine Compounds (2010)

Abstract not Available.
Santolinolide B [(2R,3S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3-vinyl-5-hexenoic acid lactone]. A new irregular monoterpene from Artemisia tridentata tridentata (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSantolinolide B [(2R,3S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3-vinyl-5-hexenoic acid lactone]. A new irregular monoterpene from Artemisia tridentata tridentataWilliam W. Epstein and Larry A. GaudiosoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 18, 3113–3117Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01332a006https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01332a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views100Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A low-cost GPS inertial guidance (GPSIG) for space boosters (2002)

The GPS (Global Positioning System) application requirements for a variety of space vehicles, including the Space Transport Vehicle (STV), the Orbital Maneuvering Vehicle (OMV), the heavy lift launch vehicles of the Advanced Launch Systems (ALS) family and the Shuttle C (cargo), space platforms, and future manned vehicles, are summarized. GPS usage on unmanned space boosters is examined in greater depth. The requirements in the areas of performance, operational constraints, redundancy/reliability, implementation, and life cycle cost are detailed. Variations from the typical GPS/INS (inertial navigation system) integration approach are presented, including deletion of some inertial sensors, various types of inertial sensors, and multiplexed and separate channel receivers.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
An examination of evoked K‐complex amplitude and frequency of occurrence in the elderly (2002)

The elderly consistently display lower levels of slow wave sleep (SWS), primarily because of the small amplitude of their delta activity. Given that delta electroencephalogram (EEG) and K-complexes are thought to be generated by the same mechanisms, it was hypothesized that K-complex amplitude and rate of production would be lower in the elderly. K-complex amplitude was assessed by averaging K-complex responses to auditory stimuli, and measuring the amplitude of the N550 component of the averaged evoked response. Ten young (five males and five females; mean age 23.10 +/- 5.36 years) and 10 elderly adults (six males and four females; mean age=75.60 +/- 4.48 years) who were neurologically healthy and free from medication spent two non-consecutive nights in the sleep laboratory. EEG was recorded from six gold plate electrodes (Fz, Fcz, Cz, Cpz, Pz and O2) referenced to A1 + A2. Tone clicks (1000 Hz), of varying intensity from 70 to 100 decibels above measured awake detection threshold, were presented binaurally during stage 2 sleep. Responses were classified according to whether they produced: a K-complex, a vertex sharp wave (VSW), both of these responses or neither response. They were then averaged separately for each response type. The elderly showed a substantially smaller N350 (averaged VSWs) and N550 amplitudes compared with the young subjects. The elderly also showed an augmented but delayed P2 component, followed by a long-lasting positive EEG shift. The smaller amplitude of the averaged K-complex N550 component is consistent with lower delta amplitudes previously reported in the elderly and with the hypothesis that K-complexes and delta activity share the same generator mechanisms. The enhanced P2 component and the long-lasting positive deflection in the EEG in the elderly indicate the existence of age differences other than smaller EEG amplitude.
Clade-specific differences in active viral replication and compartmentalization. (2006)

In view of the influence of long terminal repeat polymorphisms on the replication of different clades and the importance of HIV-1 replication in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue during primary infection, it will be important to show whether the amplitude and speed of gut-associated lymphoid tissue depletion in primary infection are also clade dependent and can impact disease progression. In the context of therapeutic interleukin-7 treatment, this cytokine might well foster growth of HIV-1 clade C and perhaps clade A viruses. This needs attention.
Molecular weights and molecular weight distributions of liquefied wood obtained by acid-catalyzed phenolysis (1997)

By means of gel permeation chromatography analysis, the molecular weights and molecular weight distributions of liquefied wood obtained under various liquefaction conditions and species of catalysts were investigated in order to trace the change in the structural characteristics of the liquefied wood. The results indicated that during the liquefaction reaction, wood components were subjected to decomposition, phenolation, and recondensation. The intensities of these reactions depended greatly on the reaction conditions and the species of catalysts, and their competing result determined the structural characteristics of the resulting liquefied wood. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 64: 351–357, 1997
Discovery of BI 224436, a Noncatalytic Site Integrase Inhibitor (NCINI) of HIV-1 (2014)

An assay recapitulating the 3' processing activity of HIV-1 integrase (IN) was used to screen the Boehringer Ingelheim compound collection. Hit-to-lead and lead optimization beginning with compound 1 established the importance of the C3 and C4 substituent to antiviral potency against viruses with different aa124/aa125 variants of IN. The importance of the C7 position on the serum shifted potency was established. Introduction of a quinoline substituent at the C4 position provided a balance of potency and metabolic stability. Combination of these findings ultimately led to the discovery of compound 26 (BI 224436), the first NCINI to advance into a phase Ia clinical trial.
On the possible physical mechanism of Chernobyl catastrophe and the unsoundness of official conclusion (2003)

The official conclusion about the origin and mechanism of the Chernobyl catastrophe is shown to essentially contradict experimental facts available from the accident. In the frame of existing physical models of nuclear fission reactor, it is shown analytically that under conditions of the accident the period of runaway of reactor at the fourth power generating unit of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant (CNPP) should be either 10 times slower or 100 times faster than that observed. A self-consistent hypothesis is suggested for the probable birth of magnetic charges, during the turbine generator test under it's own momentum test, at the fourth power generating unit of CNPP, and for the impact of these charges on the reactivity coefficient.
Submandibular gland-sparing intensity modulated radiotherapy in the treatment of head and neck cancer: Sites of locoregional relapse and survival (2011)

In selected head and neck cancer patients who are estimated to have a low risk of cancer recurrence at the nodal levels I-II and who are treated with SMG-sparing IMRT the risk of cancer recurrence at the vicinity of the spared salivary glands is low.
Estimating Generalized Regional Input–Output Systems: A Case Study of Australia (2009)

5. Estimating generalized regional input–output systems: a case study of Australia Blanca Gallego and Manfred Lenzen 5.1 INTRODUCTION The past decades have seen a revival of input–output analysis, in particular that of generalized systems featurin...
Gastric MALT Lymphomas Are Divided Into Three Groups Based on Responsiveness to Helicobacter Pylori Eradication and Detection of API2-MALT1 Fusion (2004)

Gastric MALT lymphoma shows unique features including regression by Helicobacter pylori eradication and API2-MALT1 fusion. We performed a molecular and clinicopathologic study for 115 cases. All eradication-responsive cases were devoid of API2-MALT1 fusion. All tumors positive for the fusion and all negative for H. pylori infection were nonresponsive to the eradication. Consequently, gastric MALT lymphomas were divided into three groups: Eradication-responsive and fusion-negative (group A, n = 72), eradication-nonresponsive and fusion-negative (group B, n = 22), and eradication-nonresponsive and fusion-positive (group C, n = 21). Group A tumors were characterized by low clinical stage and superficial gastric wall involvement, and group C tumors by low H. pylori infection rate, advanced clinical stage, and nuclear BCL10 expression. All group C tumors showed exclusively low-grade histology. Group B tumors, which have not been well recognized, frequently showed nodal involvement, deep gastric wall involvement, and advanced clinical stage, and sometimes an increased large cell component. A multivariate discriminant analysis revealed that responsiveness to the eradication could be predicted accurately by negative API2-MALT1 fusion, positive H. pylori infection, low clinical stage, and superficial gastric wall invasion, the former being the most important factor for the prediction. This 3-group categorization may be helpful for a comprehensive understanding of gastric MALT lymphoma.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF QUINAZOLINONE AND BENZOXAZINONE ACIDS AND STUDY OF THEIR ANTIINFLAMMATORY PROPERTIES (1977)

Abstract Synthese von Chinazolinon‐ und Benzoxazinon‐carbonsäuren und Untersuchung ihrer antiinflammatorischen Wirkung.
Chlorinations with Sulfuryl Chloride. II. The Peroxide-Catalyzed Reaction of Sulfuryl Chloride with Ethylenic Compounds (1939)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChlorinations with Sulfuryl Chloride. II. The Peroxide-Catalyzed Reaction of Sulfuryl Chloride with Ethylenic CompoundsM. S. Kharasch and Herbert C. BrownCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1939, 61, 12, 3432–3434Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1939Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1939https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01267a058https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01267a058research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views897Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Intrawell and interwell intersubband transitions in single and multiple quantum well heterostructures (1995)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1995.
Edge-based distributed admission control for multicast network (2010)

In this paper, we extend unicast admission control based on path segment measurement technique to multicast environment. The proposed scheme does not impose any requirements on the network routers other than the ability to prioritize the packets. We develop an edge probing mechanism that measures a segment of the network path instead of measuring the full path. With path segment probing, we show that the impact of cross traffic on the measurement accuracy is reduced. Admission decision is made at each potential receiver at the network edge. This mechanism improves measurement efficiency and reduces the error probability of estimating network resources. We also introduce a novel way to measure queuing delay by using a pair of packets with different priorities. Queuing delay and the bandwidth of network segments are used for the admission control located at the receiver side. Since our approach does not involve core routers, it can be easily deployed in various networks, including encrypted networks. We have evaluated the effectiveness of the admission control mechanism through a set of OPNET simulation experiments.
Comparison of the Transient Equilibrium and Continuous Infusion Method for Quantitative PET Analysis of [<sup>11</sup>C]Raclopride Binding (1998)

Several approaches have been applied for quantification of D2 dopamine receptors in positron emission tomography studies using [11C]raclopride. Initial approaches were based on analyses of data obtained after rapid bolus injection of [11C]raclopride. A continuous infusion paradigm has more recently been applied. The current study compares these approaches in healthy men. Two positron emission tomography measurements were performed in each of six healthy men, the first with rapid bolus injection and the second with continuous infusion of [11C]raclopride. In rapid bolus injection, the binding potential was calculated by the following methods. One approach is the kinetic analysis using the standard three-compartment model. Another is to define a transient equilibrium at the moment when the specific binding reaches its maximum. In continuous infusion, binding potential was calculated by using time-activity data at equilibrium condition. All methods gave almost identical binding potential, representing cross-validation of these methods. The continuous infusion method can provide "true" equilibrium condition. The kinetic analysis is a sophisticated approach but requires determination of an arterial input function. The transient equilibrium method thus is suitable for routine clinical research, since it does not require determination of an arterial input function.
Rewritable photonic circuits (2006)

The authors present a technique that allows to modify the local characteristics of two-dimensional photonic crystals by controlled microinfiltration of liquids. They demonstrate experimentally that by addressing and infiltrating each pore with a simple liquid, e.g., water, it is possible to write pixel by pixel optical devices of any geometry and shape. Calculations confirm that the obtained structures indeed constitute the desired resonators and waveguide structures.