gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Skeletal Lesions Associated with a Naturally Occurring Poult Enteritis (1991)

One-day-old poults were placed on contaminated litter on which poults previously had developed an enteric disease characterized by diarrhea, increased mortality, and stunting. These exposed birds were examined for clinical signs and pathologic changes in bone and parathyroid glands compared with controls. Intestinal and fecal samples were examined for potential pathogens. Exposed poults varied in size as early as day 8 and had significantly decreased weight gains and reduced shank lengths on days 8, 12, 16, and 21. The proximal tibial growth plate was narrowed. The mineralized hypertrophy zone was decreased in length and contained multiple non-mineralized bands on days 8, 12, 16, and 21. Metaphyseal trabeculae were reduced in amount on days 16 and 21. Parathyroid glands were hyperplastic on days 16 and 21. The bone and parathyroid gland lesions indicated that mineral homeostasis was being maintained at the expense of the skeleton during the enteric disease. A specific etiology for the enteric disease was not determined. Cryptosporidium, rotavirus, paramyxovirus, and Salmonella were identified in the exposed poults, and paramyxovirus and Salmonella were identified in the controls.
Decoupled Uplink-Downlink Association in Full-Duplex Cellular Networks: A Contract-Theory Approach (2020)

User association is a crucial aspect which greatly affects the performance of wireless networks. In this work, we investigate the user association problem in full-duplex cellular networks, wherein base stations (BSs) are densely deployed with highly variable transmit powers and topologies (e.g., heterogeneous networks). To enhance the system performance, decoupled UL-DL (DUDe) association is considered, which enables each user equipment (UE) to associate with different BSs in uplink (UL) and downlink (DL), respectively. Considering the challenges raised by asymmetric information (e.g., channel gains and intercell interferences) between UEs and BSs, we propose a contract-theory based distributed user association approach. Specifically, the association process is modeled as a labor market, where the BSs act as employers and offer two-dimensional contracts to employees (i.e., UEs) for maximizing the utility of the BS. Theoretical proof for contract feasibility is presented by providing sufficient and necessary conditions. To reach the optimality, a contract-theoretic decoupled user association algorithm is developed, in which a BS broadcasts the drafted contracts, and each UE self-selects the optimal contract by considering her own demands. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the performance of the proposed approach in terms of node utilities and social surplus. Impacts of system settings on the network performance are also investigated.
Elefant and Kanguru: hardware control panels dedicated to disk servers for slow motion, editing and multiplay applications (1997)

The advent of video disk servers has brought solutions to the important limitations of tape recorders which are: - replay while recording by use of multi channel I/O and sharing of storage resources - virtual editing The graphics user interfaces (GUI) provided with the video disk servers, if they appear very attractive at first glance, with graphics, pop up menus, dialog boxes etc, become difficult to use in events like sports and news in which a short response time is one of the major characteristics. Thus, the dramatic improvement of productivity in 'no delay' operations such as sports coverage when using video servers, emphasized the absolute necessity to have modern control panels able to exploit all virtual edit features, providing fast response time and easy ergonomics. Similarly, virtual editing and sharing of recorded material among multiple outputs allowed the development of Clip bank systems (a system in which virtual edits are accessible in any order, at any time on any output). Developed with and for the operators, Elefant and Kanguru provide all slow motion and edit functionalities such as Sequence and Clip creation, storage of Edit Decision lists, easy update of these lists as well as change of Edit entry points, multi record capability, Time delay, ... In the paper, the authors will describe all major features of modern dedicated control panels such as Elefant. Emphasis will be put on user requirements and important productivity tools provided by Elefant. A comprehensive description of typical operating sessions (Sequence creation, Editing, ...) will be explained.
Multifunctional rapidly adapting mechanosensitive enteric neurons (RAMEN) in the myenteric plexus of the guinea pig ileum (2009)

An important feature of the enteric nervous system (ENS) is its capability to respond to mechanical stimulation which, as currently suggested for the guinea‐pig ileum, is encoded by specialized intrinsic primary afferent neurons (IPANs). We used von Frey hairs or intraganglionic volume injections to mimic ganglion deformation as observed in freely contracting preparations. Using fast voltage‐sensitive dye imaging we identified rapidly adapting mechanosensitive enteric neurons (RAMEN, 25% of all neurons) in the myenteric plexus of the guinea pig ileum. RAMEN responded with phasic spike discharge to dynamic changes during ganglion deformation. This response was reproducible and increased with increasing forces. Deformation‐evoked spike discharge was not changed by synaptic blockade with hexamethonium, ω‐conotoxin or low Ca 2+ /high Mg 2+ , defunctionalization of extrinsic afferents with capsaicin or muscle paralysis with nifedipine, suggesting direct activation of RAMEN. All RAMEN received hexamethonium‐sensitive fast EPSPs, which were blocked by ω‐conotoxin and low Ca 2+ /high Mg 2+ . Seventy‐two per cent of RAMEN were cholinergic, 22% nitrergic, and 44% were calbindin and NeuN negative, markers used to identify IPANs. Mechanosensitivity was observed in 31% and 47% of retrogradely traced interneurons and motor neurons, respectively. RAMEN belong to a new population of mechanosensitive neurons which differ from IPANs. We provided evidence for multifunctionality of RAMEN which may fulfil sensory, integrative and motor functions. In light of previously identified mechanosensitive neuron populations, mechanosensitivity appears to be a property of many more enteric neurons than generally assumed. The findings call for a revision of current concepts on sensory transmission within the ENS.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel One‐Step Synthesis of Quinolinium Salts and 4‐Quinolones from Formanilides. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Auditory analgesia: somatosensory evoked response and subjective pain rating (1977)

Pain: June 1977 - Volume 3 - Issue 3 - p 287-288 doi: 10.1016/0304-3959(77)90024-0
Computers, cognition and philosophy (1980)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of Cr–Ta–Si Laves phase-based alloys at elevated temperatures (2014)

The microstructure and mechanical properties of a series of Cr–Cr2Ta-based alloys with nominal compositions (90-x)Cr–9Ta–xSi, where x = 4, 6, 10 and 14 at%, have been investigated. The alloys predominantly consisted of a microstructure of primary C14 Cr2Ta Laves phase dendrites and a eutectic intergrowth of an A2 Cr rich solid solution and the Laves phase. The Laves phase was seen to adopt the C14 polytype in all ternary alloys, with no evidence of transformation to the C15 polytype. Fine, solid-state precipitates of the Laves phase were also observed within the solid solution. At higher silicon contents, a third intermetallic phase, Cr3Si, with the A15 crystal structure, was also identified. The overall hardness of the alloys at room temperature increased with Si content and hence, the volume fraction of the Laves phase. Compression tests were conducted on samples of the alloys at 1000 and 1100 °C under a strain rate of 10−4 s−1 in air. Amongst the ternary alloys, the alloy with 14 at% Si showed the highest yield strength of ~440 MPa at 1000 °C and ~290 MPa at 1100 °C. The yield strength of the alloy with 6 at% Si was also found to reduce monotonically with increasing temperature from ambient to 1100 °C. Transmission electron microscopy of the post-compression microstructures revealed that deformation was primarily accommodated by the A2 Cr-rich solid solution, with a high density of dislocations in the phase compared to that in the intermetallic phase. Within the C14 Laves phase, deformation was seen to be mediated by the movement of a/3-type synchro-Shockley partial dislocations, consistent with previous studies, bounding stacking faults on the basal plane.
Deterioration of coke by ash-carbon reaction in coke during high-temperature treatment. (1990)

It is very important to clarify the deterioration mechanism of coke at the lower part of blast furnace. In this study, the deterioration of coke, which was caused by the interaction of carbon and ash during heat treatment to 2000°C in a nitrogen atmosphere, was investigated.The following findings were obtained.(1) After the coke heated up to 2000°C, the weight of coke decreased by approximately 12%. The coke strength decreased with decreasing the weight of coke, and it decreased by 0.5% per 1% of the weight loss of coke.(2) The vaporization of the ash and the volatile matter of coke and the interaction of carbon and ash caused the weight loss of coke, and the 70% of the weight loss was caused by the interaction of carbon and ash.(3)The interaction of coke and ash mainly consisted of the reaction where SiC was formed by the interaction of SiO2 and 3Al2O3·2SiO2 included in ash and C in the coke, but at temperature above 1750°C, N2 in the atmosphere, SiO2 and 3Al2O3·2SiO2 interacted. At temperature between 1750°C and 2000°C, SiC and AlN were formed, and the amount of these compounds in the coke reached about 3% and 2% respectively.
Rapid Generation of Rotavirus-Specific Human Monoclonal Antibodies from Small-Intestinal Mucosa (2010)

The gut mucosal surface is efficiently protected by Abs, and this site represents one of the richest compartments of Ab-secreting cells in the body. A simple and effective method to generate Ag-specific human monoclonal Abs (hmAbs) from such cells is lacking. In this paper, we describe a method to generate hmAbs from single Ag-specific IgA- or IgM-secreting cells of the intestinal mucosa. We found that CD138-positive plasma cells from the duodenum expressed surface IgA or IgM. Using eGFP-labeled virus-like particles, we harnessed the surface Ig expression to detect rotavirus-specific plasma cells at low frequency (0.03-0.35%) in 9 of 10 adult subjects. Single cells were isolated by FACS, and as they were viable, further testing of secreted Abs by ELISPOT and ELISA indicated a highly specific selection procedure. Ab genes from single cells of three donors were cloned, sequenced, and expressed as recombinant hmAbs. Of 26 cloned H chain Ab genes, 22 were IgA and 4 were IgM. The genes were highly mutated, and there was an overrepresentation of the VH4 family. Of 10 expressed hmAbs, 8 were rotavirus-reactive (6 with K(d) < 1 × 10(-10)). Importantly, our method allows generation of hmAbs from cells implicated in the protection of mucosal surfaces, and it can potentially be used in passive vaccination efforts and for discovery of epitopes directly relevant to human immunity.
Action Potentials without Contraction in Frog Skeletal Muscle Fibers with Disrupted Transverse Tubules (1967)

Action potentials, with no accompanying contraction, were recorded from muscle fibers in which the transverse tubular system had been disrupted. The results show that action potentials require an intact transverse tubular system to cause contraction. Furthermore, both the after-depolarization following a single action potential and the slower, late afterpotential following a train of action potentials were absent in this preparation. Therefore, both phenomena must normally involve the transverse tubular system.
Functional forms of dual-comparable functions and a necessary and sufficient condition for readability of a majority function (1964)

The general relation between a Boolean function and its dual is discussed and dual-comparable (dc) functions and other concepts are defined. How these properties of general Boolean functions are reflected on majority functions is shown also. This wider viewpoint gives some insight on which properties of majority functions are intrinsic. Then there is discussion on the necessary and sufficient condition for realizability of a majority function in the language of a functional form as well as miscellaneous properties of majority functions when they are expressed with prime implicants.
Electrical Relaxation Distribution Functions in Polymers and their Temperature Dependence (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrical Relaxation Distribution Functions in Polymers and their Temperature DependenceJohn D. Ferry, Malcolm L. Williams, and Edwin R. FitzgeraldCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1955, 59, 5, 403–408Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j150527a006https://doi.org/10.1021/j150527a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views114Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Kinetic Isotope Effect in the Reaction of N-Methylaniline-N-<i>d</i> and 3-Chloro-1-butene (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetic Isotope Effect in the Reaction of N-Methylaniline-N-d and 3-Chloro-1-buteneDonald C. Dittmer and Arnold F. MarcantonioCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1964, 86, 24, 5621–5626Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01078a043https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01078a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views68Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cytomegalovirus infection during immunosuppressive therapy for diffuse parenchymal lung disease (2012)

We recommend that CMV-pp65Ag antigenaemia of >7.5 cells per 5 × 10(4) PBLs in patients with DPLD should be treated with ganciclovir. Patients with lower levels of CMV-pp65Ag antigenaemia should be closely monitored or treated with ganciclovir if the clinical findings suggest a poor prognosis.
Adaptive and Robust Flight Control (2010)

Abstract This chapter presents the theory and application of model reference adaptive control (MRAC) to augment a baseline control to improve performance and robustness to model uncertainties. The adaptive control is derived using a Lyapunov‐type argument and is shown to extend performance and robustness of a baseline linear quadratic regulator control law. A flight control application is used to demonstrate the approach and evaluate the design using nonlinear simulation.
EFFECTS OF ROOM OZONATION ON AIR QUALITY AND PIG PERFORMANCE (2005)

Reducing odor emissions from swine farms to avoid complaints about odor nuisance is a major issue. Ozonationhas been used to reduce odor in swine buildings, but little research exists on its benefits. A swine-finishing building wasdivided into two identical rooms and two treatments, ozonation and the control, were applied in a cross-over design. Thetreatments were switched between rooms every three weeks. The overall experimental period was 12 weeks, during whichthere were four trials. Pig growth performance, dust mass and size concentration, odor intensity, total sulfur compounds,hydrogen sulfide concentration, ammonia concentration, and total heterotrophic bacterial counts were measured andanalyzed during the test period. Sulfur-containing compounds detected included dimethyldisulfide, dimethylsulfide(methanethiol), and dimethyltrisulfide. Ozone application to a swine building at the maximum safe concentration of 0.1 ppmdid not have any statistically significant effects on dust mass concentration, odor concentration and emission rate, sulfurcompound concentrations, and bacteria counts. However, it did increase ammonia concentration and decrease pig averagedaily gain. The ozonation effects on hydrogen sulfide concentration could not be evaluated by the gas tube method used duringthis study.
A Novel Mode of Arbovirus Transmission Involving a Nonviremic Host (1987)

In nature, infected and uninfected arthropod vectors often feed together on an animal. In mimicking this scenario in the laboratory, uninfected vectors were found to acquire virus while cofeeding on the same host as infected vectors. However, the vertebrate host on which they fed did not develop detectable levels of virus in its blood. These observations were made with Thogoto virus, an influenza-like virus of medical and veterinary significance. Rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks were used as the vector and guinea pigs as the vertebrate host. The results demonstrate that a vertebrate that is apparently refractory to infection by an arthropod-borne virus can still play an important role in the epidemiology of the virus, and they suggest a novel mode of arthropod-borne virus transmission.
Analysis of Gene Expression Following Oxidative Stress (2003)

The modulation of gene expression by cellular stress is a universal phenomena that has been described in organisms ranging from bacteria to animals to plants, and in response to a wide range of stress agents including heat shock, glucose deprivation, oxidants, radiation, and heavy metals (1). For oxidative stress alone, many genes have been identified whose steady-state mRNA product levels are modulated by a multitude of oxidant stress agents (1). These genes were identified using various techniques that are still popular, such as two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, subtractive hybridization, differential display (DD), restriction fragment differential display (RFDD), serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE), and gene arrays; as well as other techniques that have lost their popularity, including one-dimensional protein gel electrophoresis and differential hybridization (1). Differential display (DD) is a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based technique that requires only small amounts of sample, is relatively sensitive, and able to identify both induced and reduced species (2–3). Its main drawbacks are a high number of false-positives and products that are strongly biased for the ’3’ untranslated region of the mRNA. These drawbacks have been addessed by a more recent technique called restriction fragment differential display (RFDD), which uses restriction enzyme-generated cDNA fragments as PCR templates (1). This modification allows for the use of much higher temperature and more specific annealing conditions as well as the ability to generate products that include the coding region and ’5’ untranslated region.
Reported symptoms of food hypersensitivity and sensitization to common foods in 4‐year‐old children (2007)

FHS in 4-year-old children with any of asthma, rhino-conjunctivitis, facial oedema or urticaria in combination is in most cases associated to sensitization to food. This phenotype of FHS is likely to represent a more severe form of FHS.
Characterization and Interconversion of Polymorphs of Premafloxacin, a New Quinolone Antibiotic (1997)

The quinolone antibiotic premafloxacin crystallizes in at least five solid modifications, including three anhydrous phases (Forms I-III), a hydrate, and a methanolate. The anhydrous phases were studied by optical microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, HPLC, hot-stage microscopy, dynamic moisture sorption gravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, thermal gravimetry, and solution and isothermal calorimetry. Dry samples of Form I converted to Form II and ultimately to Form III through a sequence of melts and recrystallizations. Form III was stable to its melting temperature near 200 degrees C. Humidified samples of Form I converted directly to Form III via a moisture-mediated solid-state phase transformation at temperatures as low as 40 degrees C. The calorimetric and solubility data confirmed that Form III was lower in free energy and enthalpy than Form I at room temperature. Our investigation revealed that Form I was not crystallized directly from solution. Rather, Form I was the product of facile solid-state desolvation of the methanol solvate.
A micro helium-discharge photoionization detector for gas sensing (2013)

This paper reports a 2cm × 1cm easy-to-micromachine helium discharge photoionization detector (μHeDPID) for use in micro gas chromatography by utilizing a lift-off process. This universal detector consumes a miserly 2.5mW for plasma generation and non-destructively photoionizes analyte compounds, thus avoiding fouling of electrodes. The ionized species is detected by a remote electrode connected to a picoammeter. The detector exhibits at least 350pg and 50ppm detection limit for n-octane in air. Despite the detector simplicity, its efficiency is in par with previously reported destructive plasma detectors which are based on more sophisticated spectrometric analysis.