gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The prediction of bubble terminal velocities from wave theory (1967)

Abstract The terminal velocity of bubbles in low viscosity liquids of infinite extent is known to undergo a marked transition in behavior at an equivalent radius in the order of 0.07 cm. This transition is apparently due to a change from viscous to inviscid flow. It is also known that the inviscid flow regime can be further subdivided into surface tension‐ (Weber number) and buoyancy‐ (Froude number) dominated regimes. This behavior of rising bubbles is strikingly similar to the behavior of surface waves propagated over deep water. The analogy is found to be in quantitative agreement when the wavelength is suitably interpreted in terms of bubble dimensions. The inference of this analogy is that bubbles may be thought of as interfacial disturbances whose rate of propagation is governed by the well‐known laws of wave motion.
REACTIVE ORGANIC CARBONATES WITH LEAVING GROUP FOR BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE DIPEPTIDES SYNTHESIS (2009)

The aim of this present paper is investigation of the reactions of preparation of unsymmetrical reactive carbonates from the corresponding symmetrical carbonates and different type of alcohols.The asymmetrical carbonates represent alternative reagents (mild, efficient) for alkoxycarbonylation of amines and amino-acids.The synthesized compounds were characterized by spectroscopic and chromatographic methods.A general method for preparation of asymmetrical carbonates was develop from N,N'-disuccinimidylcarbonate.The yield of this reactive carbonates depends by alcohols reactivity, hindered factor and stability of final product.
Question everything (2015)

To understand the world, children will ask questions, in many different ways, about everyone they encounter and everything they experience, and as educators we must value each and every one.
the Influence of Modifications on the Cleavage of Oligonucleotide Duplexes by Eco R II and Mva I Endonucleases (1988)

Abstract To study the interaction of the restriction endonucleases Mval and Eco RII with DNA we have synthesized some modified oligonucleotides. The results of hydrolysis demonstrate that both enzymes cleave their substrate by different mechanism.
Coats of arms (1884)

Journal Article Coats of arms Get access D. G. C. E. D. G. C. E. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s6-IX, Issue 227, 3 May 1884, Page 348, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s6-IX.227.348e Published: 03 May 1884
Time synchronization design based on FPGA in integrated GPS/INS system (2009)

A new solution for time synchronization using GPS receiver signals as reference is proposed. In the GPS/INS applications, unknown time errors between IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) measurements and GPS time have a significant influence on the data fusion performance of hybrid filter. However, each of exiting methods for time synchronization bears such-and-such shortcomings, for example high cost, complex or just dedicated to special situation etc. In order to improve the accuracy of time synchronization, we utilize 1PPS (Pulse Per Second) signal from GPS receiver as a synchronization reference, and tag time stamp on the serial data package from IMU. This scheme is implemented with a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) device in Verilog programming language. Results of simulation and experiment show that with a simpler hardware design compared to exiting methods, the proposed solution of time synchronizer can reach the time synchronization accuracy on 1 millisecond level.
Frequency Stable LC Oscillators (1954)

A simple theory of the conditions for oscillation, and of the frequency stability of inductance-capacitance oscillators is evolved from a survey of a number of papers on this subject. As some of these papers appeared in publications which are not readily accessible, some of the material may be new to workers in the United States. The condition for oscillation is shown to depend only upon the mutual conductance of the tube and the impedances, tapped on the tuned circuit, presented to the grid and plate circuits of the tube. For linear operation, the stability depends only on the Q of the controlling circuit, and the ratio of the change of interelectrode capacitance to mutual conductance of the tube, and is independent of the LC ratio. For nonlinear operation, however, the stability depends upon the factors given above and on the LC ratio, being improved when a high LC ratio is used. The best tube for high stability is shown to be the tube having the lowest ratio of interelectrode capacitance change to mutual conductance. For highest possible stability, very low level operation with some form of automatic level control is required. A brief historical chronology is included.
Electronic Markets for Private Information: Economic and Security Considerations (2006)

Technological advances in the collection, storage and analysis of data have increased the ease with which businesses can make profitable use of information about individuals. Some of this information is private and individuals are simultaneously becoming more aware of its value and concerned about losing control of it. As a partial solution to these concerns a model is presented that serves two purposes. The first is to enable the use of private data in the answering of queries while simultaneously protecting the owners of the data from loss of privacy. The second is to develop a compensation model for the use of the data that allows individuals to dynamically redefine their security requirements. This compensation model is built on a model for information security and forms the foundation of a market for private information. Several information security techniques and their suitability for inclusion in the compensation model are discussed. Compensation models like the one presented here could be used in a self-regulating market for private information. Finally, the compensation component of an intermediated market for private information is developed and extensively analyzed. We provide insights and draw several important conclusions on markets for private information.
A dynamic load sharing mechanism in multihomed mobile networks (2005)

An entire network can be managed as a single mobility entity when it moves as a unit. To support network mobility (NEMO), a mobile router has been introduced to manage the mobility of whole nodes inside the network. In this mobile network, multiple mobile router (MR)s and home agent (HA)s scenarios are considered to provide reliability and load sharing. In this paper, we present a neighbor MR authentication and registration mechanism in multihomed mobile networks. Also, using registered MRs, we propose a HA-based dynamic load sharing mechanism. Using measured latency from periodic binding update (BU) messages, the HA shares traffic load with an alternative tunnel. Our proposed mechanism requires no additional signaling messages except some options in the BU message.
Channeling crystals for positron production (2002)

Particles traversing at small angles along a single crystal axis experience a collective scattering force of many crystal atoms. The enormous fields can trap the particles along an axis or plane, which is called channeling. High energy electrons are attracted by the positive nuclei and therefore produce strongly enhanced so called bremsstrahlung and pair production. These effects could be used in a positron production target. A single tungsten crystal is oriented to the incident electron beam within 1 mrad. At 28 GeV/c the effective radiation length is with 0.9 mm, about one quarter of the amorphous material. So the target length can be shorter, which yields a higher conversion coefficient and a lower emittance of the positron beam. This makes single crystals very interesting for positron production targets.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Plasma natriuretic activity in oedematous states. (1976)

Accumulating evidence suggests that extracellular volume (ECV) may be governed in part by a natriuretic hormone. To study its possible role in oedema formation plasma fractions IV from patients with the nephrotic syndrome, with cirrhosis of the liver, and with idiopathic oedema were studied for their effects on frog skin Na-transport and on rat renal Na-excretion. Plasma fractions IV from ECV-expanded healthy subjects and patients with aldosteronoma significantly inhibited PD and SCC and in the rat increased urinary flow, CH29, and UNaV. Neither antinatriferic nor natriuretic activities were observed in patients with the nephrotic syndrome or liver cirrhosis. In patients with idiopathic oedema recurrent episodes of fluid retention up to 9 percent of b.wt. followed by spontaneous natriuresis were well correlated with antinatriferic plasma activity. The results suggest that ECV in healthy subjects may be governed in part by a natriuretic hormone which is absent in ECV-expansion due to oedema. However, this mechanism may operate appropriately, though at an elevated threshold, in patients with idiopathic oedema.
Expressed as the sole Hsp90 of yeast, the α and β isoforms of human Hsp90 differ with regard to their capacities for activation of certain client proteins, whereas only Hsp90β generates sensitivity to the Hsp90 inhibitor radicicol (2007)

Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a molecular chaperone required for the activity of many of the most important regulatory proteins of eukaryotic cells (the Hsp90 'clients'). Vertebrates have two isoforms of cytosolic Hsp90, Hsp90alpha and Hsp90beta. Hsp90beta is expressed constitutively to a high level in most tissues and is generally more abundant than Hsp90alpha, whereas Hsp90alpha is stress-inducible and overexpressed in many cancerous cells. Expressed as the sole Hsp90 of yeast, human Hsp90alpha and Hsp90beta are both able to provide essential Hsp90 functions. Activations of certain Hsp90 clients (heat shock transcription factor, v-src) were more efficient with Hsp90alpha, rather than Hsp90beta, present in the yeast. In contrast, activation of certain other clients (glucocorticoid receptor; extracellular signal-regulated kinase-5 mitogen-activated protein kinase) was less affected by the human Hsp90 isoform present in these cells. Remarkably, whereas expression of Hsp90beta as the sole Hsp90 of yeast rendered cells highly sensitive to the Hsp90 inhibitor radicicol, comparable expression of Hsp90alpha did not. This raises the distinct possibility that, also for mammalian systems, alterations to the Hsp90alpha/Hsp90beta ratio (as with heat shock) might be a significant factor affecting cellular susceptibility to Hsp90 inhibitors.
Reaction of N-isopropylallenimine with organic azides (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReaction of N-isopropylallenimine with organic azidesJack K. Crandall, Larry C. Crawley, and Joyce B. KominCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1975, 40, 14, 2045–2047Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00902a007https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00902a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views174Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Transport proteins of the ABC family and multidrug resistance of tumor cells (2008)

Some new data concerning the role of transport proteins of the ABC family in multidrug resistance (MDR) of human tumor cells, and problems connected with regulation of these proteins are considered. MDR is a complex phenomenon that may be caused simultaneously by several mechanisms functioning in one and the same cell. Among them there may be the alterations of activity of several transport proteins. Activation of these proteins may be associated with alterations of activities of different cell protective systems and of the signal transduction pathways involved in regulation of proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Clinical significance of multifactor MDR is discussed.
Diesel Fuel From Waste Lubricating Oil by Pyrolitic Distillation (2014)

Recycling and rerefining are the applicable processes for upgrading of petroleum-based wastes by converting them into reusable products such as gasoline, diesel fuel, and heavy oil. Possible acceptable processes are cracking and pyrolysis. The aim of the study was to obtain diesel fuel from waste lubricating oil by pyrolitic distillation method, which can be used in diesel engines. If the purpose were to maximize the yield of distillate products resulting from crude oil pyrolysis, a low temperature, high heating rate, and short gas residence time process would be required. The effect of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) as an additive on density, viscosity, flash point, sulfur content, higher heating value, and pyrolytic distillation yields was investigated. The purified oil samples are blended separately with additives having mass basis of 2%, 6%, and 10%. The mixed samples were exposed to pyrolytic distillation process to produce fuels to be used in engines.
Increased Intrathoracic Impedance May Predict Adverse Events in LVAD Patients (2013)

We describe a 36-year-old male with a HeartWare LVAD and a Medtronic Virtuoso DR pacemaker in whom increased intrathoracic impedance preceded suction events, low LVAD flows, symptoms of a heart failure exacerbation, and hospitalization. Measurement of intrathoracic impedance may identify fluid shifts prior to symptoms and predict adverse events in patients with an LVAD.
FREEZE DRYING OF KIWI (ACTINIDIA DELICIOSA) PUREE AND THE POWDER PROPERTIES (2015)

In this study, it was intended to investigate the production of freeze dried kiwi (Actinidia deliciosa) puree in the form of powder that can be used as a natural alternative to synthetic additives used in food products such as pudding, instant tea, and sauces for improving their flavour. In order to obtain the powder product, kiwi puree as plain and with maltodextrin (Dextrose Equivalence of 10-12, as 10 % by weight) addition were freeze dried. Drying behaviour of plain kiwi puree and kiwi puree with MD were explained by Logarithmic model (R2=0.994, RMSE=0.024, χ2=0.0008) and Wang and Singh model (R2=0.999, RMSE=0.012, χ2=0.0002), respectively. The effective moisture diffusivity (Deff) value was calculated as 7.3x10−10 m2/s and it was observed that it was not affected by the addition of MD. The vitamin C content of fresh kiwi fruit was evaluated as 66.3 mg/100 g kiwi and there was a loss of 17.1% for plain and 19.8% for MD containing powders respectively after freeze drying. It was also observed that, the addition of maltodextrin decreased cohesiveness, on the other hand, increased bulk and tapped densities, average time values for wettability and solubility, and glass transition temperature of the powder products.
Widespread cytoskeletal pathology characterizes corticobasal degeneration. (1995)

Corticobasal degeneration (CBD) is a rare, progressive neurological disorder characterized by widespread neuronal and glial pathology. Using immunohistochemistry and laser confocal microscopy, we demonstrate that the nonamyloid cortical plaques of CBD are actually collections of abnormal tau in the distal processes of astrocytes. These glial cells express both vimentin and CD44, markers of astrocyte activation. Glial pathology also includes tau-positive cytoplasmic inclusions, here localized to Leu 7-expressing oligodendrocytes. In addition, a wide array of neuronal pathology is defined with tau-positive inclusions in multiple domains of a variety of cortical neurons. CBD thus exhibits widespread glial and neuronal cytoskeletal pathology, including a novel structure, the astrocytic plaque. CBD is a disease of generalized cytoskeletal disruption affecting several cell types and multiple domains of these cells. The further definition of CBD pathology refines the diagnosis and pathophysiological understanding of this unique disease and has important implications for other neurodegenerative diseases, like Alzheimer's disease, characterized by abnormal tau deposition.
Isolation and partial purification of cytochrome oxidases from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis HD-567. (1992)

Analyses of the cell membrane fractions by spectral absorbance revealed the presence of cytochrome c and three cytochrome oxidases in Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis HD-567-cytochromes a+a3, d, and o. A modified procedure was used to purify the cytochrome c:o complex from this organism. The oxidase complex was first solubilized from a sonic-disrupted cell membrane fraction (R3 fraction) using deoxycholate and KCl. The resulting soluble fraction was further purified by Sephadex G-50 gel filtration and DEAE ionexchange chromatography. TMPD oxidase specific activity and cytochrome concentration were assayed to monitor the purification procedures. The F7 fraction (obtained after G-50 chromatography) contained cytochrome c (0.44 nmole/mg protein), cytochrome a+a3 (0.26 nmole/mg protein), and cytochrome o (0.38 nmole/mg protein), which had 6-fold, 3.4-fold and 18.9-fold increase, respectively, by comparison with the original R3 fraction. The TMPD oxidase specific activity of the F7 fraction also increased 4.8 fold. The F8 fraction (obtained after the final DEAE chromatography) contained a cytochrome c:o complex only (cytochrome c, 0.46 nmole/mg protein; cytochrome o, 0.16 nmole/mg protein), but no cytochrome a+a3 was found. Both the TMPD oxidase specific activity and the cytochrome o were attenuated greatly in comparison with the F7 fraction. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that the F7 fraction contained numerous protein components, while the F8 fraction contained only a prominent major protein of 113.5 kD thought to be the cytochrome c:o complex, and a minor polypeptide (MW = 65.8 kD). Although the final DEAE procedure removed many undesired polypeptides, TMPD oxidase activity and cytochrome o component were also lost greatly. Kinetic studies of this cytochrome c:o complex is in progress in our laboratory.
Super-Resolution Image with Estimated High Frequency Compensated algorithm (2009)

In this paper, we propose an estimated high frequency compensated (EHFC) algorithm for super resolution images. It is based on iterative back projection (IBP) method combined with compensated high frequency models according to different applications. The proposed algorithm not only improves the quality of enlarged images produced by zero-order, bilinear, or bicubic interpolation methods, but also accelerates the convergence speed of IBP. In experiments with general tested images, EHFC method can increase the speed by 1 ~ 6.5 times and gets 0.4 ~ 0.7 dB PSNR gain. In text image tests, EHFC method can increase 1.5 ~ 6.5 times in speed and 1.2 ~ 8.3 dB improvement in PSNR.
An evaluation of 1–3 connectivity composite transducers for air-coupled ultrasonic applications (1996)

A combination of theoretical modeling and experimental analysis is used to predict and assess the performance of 1–3 composite transducers for operation in an air-coupled environment. Specifically, finite element analysis, supported by linear systems modeling, is employed to evaluate transmission and reception characteristics over the complete volume fraction range, for operating frequencies in the region of 500 kHz, and the theory confirmed using novel experimental techniques. The theoretical approach is then extended to assess the influence of matching and backing on transducer sensitivity and bandwidth. Throughout, the influence of air propagation is included in the simulation approach and highlighted where this factor is significant. The work is expected to provide useful design guidelines for the practical ultrasonic engineer.
Volatile Compounds Generated from Thermal Degradation of <i>N</i>-Acetylglucosamine (1998)

N-Acetylglucosamine was pyrolyzed at 200 °C for 30 min. Thermal degradation products were isolated and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The volatile compounds that were identified included pyrazines, pyridines, pyrroles, and furans. The compound 3-acetamido-5-acetylfuran was found to be the major degradation product, with 2-acetylfuran, 3-acetamidofuran, pyrazine, pyridine, ethylpyrazine, methylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-6-methylpyrazine, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine, and acetamide in decreasing order. The compound 3-acetamido-5-acetylfuran was isolated by preparative column chromatography, and its NMR spectrum was obtained to confirm its structure. Keywords: N-Acetylglucosamine; glucosamine; chitin; chitosan; acetamido; acetylfuran
Deciphering the Correlation between Breast Tumor Samples and Cell Lines by Integrating Copy Number Changes and Gene Expression Profiles (2015)

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers with high incident rate and high mortality rate worldwide. Although different breast cancer cell lines were widely used in laboratory investigations, accumulated evidences have indicated that genomic differences exist between cancer cell lines and tissue samples in the past decades. The abundant molecular profiles of cancer cell lines and tumor samples deposited in the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia and The Cancer Genome Atlas now allow a systematical comparison of the breast cancer cell lines with breast tumors. We depicted the genomic characteristics of breast primary tumors based on the copy number variation and gene expression profiles and the breast cancer cell lines were compared to different subgroups of breast tumors. We identified that some of the breast cancer cell lines show high correlation with the tumor group that agrees with previous knowledge, while a big part of them do not, including the most used MCF7, MDA-MB-231, and T-47D. We presented a computational framework to identify cell lines that mostly resemble a certain tumor group for the breast tumor study. Our investigation presents a useful guide to bridge the gap between cell lines and tumors and helps to select the most suitable cell line models for personalized cancer studies.
Integrated broadband networks : an introduction to ATM-based networks (1991)

Written by experts directly involved in the B-ISDN standards evolution, this book introduces the idea of integrated networks, and gives an overview of the current standardization situation. It discusses existing broadband networks based on the arising international standards, and explains how ATM is the basis for B-ISDN.