gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Aeromechanics in aeroecology: flight biology in the aerosphere (2007)

The physical environment of the aerosphere is both complex and dynamic, and poses many challenges to the locomotor systems of the three extant evolutionary lineages of flying animals. Many features of the aerosphere, operating over spatial and temporal scales of many orders of magnitude, have the potential to be important influences on animal flight, and much as marine ecologists have studied the relationship between physical oceanography and swimming locomotion, a subfield of aeroecology can focus attention on the ways the biology of flight is influenced by these characteristics. Airflows are altered and modulated by motion over and around natural and human-engineered structures, and both vortical flow structures and turbulence are introduced to the aerial environment by technologies such as aircraft and wind farms. Diverse aspects of the biology of flight may be better understood with reference to an aeroecological approach, particularly the mechanics and energetics of flight, the sensing of aerial flows, and the motor control of flight. Moreover, not only does the abiotic world influence the aerospheric conditions in which animals fly, but flying animals also, in turn, change the flow environment in their immediate vicinity, which can include the air through which other animals fly, particularly when animals fly in groups. Flight biologists can offer considerable insight into the ecology of the aerial world, and an aeroecological approach holds great promise for stimulating and enriching the study of the biology of flight.
Hard and soft surfaces realized by FSS printed on a grounded dielectric slab (2004)

Recently, a lot of research efforts have been devoted to periodic planar surfaces used to generate new equivalent boundary conditions. This work present new solutions for hard and soft surfaces realized by printing a gangbuster type frequency selective surface (FSS) on a grounded slab. Depending on the direction of wave propagation and on the nature - capacitive or inductive - of the printed FSS, these structures exhibit alternatively hard or soft properties.
tRNA thiolation links translation to stress responses in<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (2014)

Although tRNA modifications have been well catalogued, the precise functions of many modifications and their roles in mediating gene expression are still being elucidated. Whereas tRNA modifications were long assumed to be constitutive, it is now apparent that the modification status of tRNAs changes in response to different environmental conditions. The URM1 pathway is required for thiolation of the cytoplasmic tRNAs tGlu(UUC), tGln(UUG), and tLys(UUU) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We demonstrate that URM1 pathway mutants have impaired translation, which results in increased basal activation of the Hsf1-mediated heat shock response; we also find that tRNA thiolation levels in wild-type cells decrease when cells are grown at elevated temperature. We show that defects in tRNA thiolation can be conditionally advantageous, conferring resistance to endoplasmic reticulum stress. URM1 pathway proteins are unstable and hence are more sensitive to changes in the translational capacity of cells, which is decreased in cells experiencing stresses. We propose a model in which a stress-induced decrease in translation results in decreased levels of URM1 pathway components, which results in decreased tRNA thiolation levels, which further serves to decrease translation. This mechanism ensures that tRNA thiolation and translation are tightly coupled and coregulated according to need.
Single molecule photophysics near metallic nanostructures (2008)

Metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF) is useful in single molecule detection (SMD) by increasing the photostability, brightness and increase in radiative decay rates of fluorophores. We have investigated MEF from an individual fluorophore tethered to a single silver nanoparticle and also a single fluorophore between a silver dimer. The fluorescence lifetime results revealed a near-field interaction mechanism of fluorophore with the metal particle. Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) calculations were employed to study the distribution of electric field near the metal monomer and dimer. The coupling effect of metal particles on the fluorescence enhancement was studied. We have also investigated the photophysics of FRET near metal nanoparticles and our preliminary results suggest an enhanced FRET efficiency in the presence of a metal nanoparticle. In total, our results demonstrate improved detectability at the single molecule level for a variety of fluorophores and quantum dots in proximity to the silver nanoparticles due to the near-field metal-fluorophore interactions.
Tracking the Mobile Jammer in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Extended Kalman Filter (2019)

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are susceptible to jamming attacks due to the shared wireless medium. The jammer can disrupt any specific or entire radio frequency based on its function and strategies. Locating the jammer location is very important against the jamming in the wireless network and restore the communication channel. To support the existing anti-jamming techniques, we proposed an algorithm based on the Extended Kalman filter (EKF) and power received to track the jammer. Detecting jammer location is the first step taking to defend such attacks. Besides, estimating jammer location supports a wide range of defense. Range-based jammer localization technique based on the received power is used in this work to detect the external malicious node location by designed the position, velocity, and acceleration approach of Extended Kalman filter. An extensive simulation conducted to evaluate the performance of EKF compares to the Virtual Force Iteration Localization (VFIL), Weighted Centroid Localization (WCL), and Centroid Localization algorithms (CL). The EKF proves to be of high efficiency in comparison to VFIL, WCL, and CL.
Optical For Both Active Decoupling And Conversion/Transmission For A Mr Endoluminal Coil (2015)

Purpose / IntroductionAn accurate and early detection of the stages of colorectal cancer increases patient survival rates. Spatial resolution of MR images can be improved by using endoluminal coils close to the region of interest [1]. Unfortunately, the clinical use of such coils, deeply introduced in the patient is compromised due to local heating and safety issues in presence of galvanic wires [2]. In the following work, adequate optical solutions both for active decoupling and conversion/transmission of MR signals is proposed and demonstrated.
Fine Image Quality by Using Small Size Full Color Chemical Toner and New Process Technologies (2005)

Imagio Neo C455, released in January 2005 in Japan, achieves superior image quality by using a newly developed set of full color chemical toners and several new process technologies. The new toner is under 6um in diameter. Moreover, it consists of polyester resin and it enables the lower temperature fusing system without fusing oil. Also, it uses the improved development technology with narrow gap using DC bias and a small size carrier.
Contact mode atomic force microscopy imaging of nanometer-sized particles (1995)

A general problem in scanning probe microscopy (SPM) of small particles is that the probe itself moves and removes the particles as it tries to image them. This fact has strongly limited the use of SPM in the field of nm-sized particles, and high-resolution electron microscopy has been the only alternative for detailed imaging. Here, we take advantage of a moderate sintering at 350 °C to effectively stabilize nanometer-sized metallic particles on a semiconductor surface, allowing characterization by SPM. Using this technique, we have been able to successfully image aerosol deposited Ag particles of sizes around 35 nm by contact mode atomic force microscopy (AFM). This new sample preparation technique for SPM overcomes the problems of probe-induced particle movement during scanning and is proposed as a method to ‘‘freeze’’ artificial nanostructures produced by manipulation of particles with the AFM probe.
Pricing social visibility service in online social networks (2021)

In online social networks (OSNs), users may want to enhance their social visibility, as it can make their contents, i.e., opinions, videos, pictures, etc., attract attention from more users. Motivated by this, we propose a mechanism, where the OSN operator provides a "social visibility boosting service" to incentivize "transactions" between requesters (users who seek to enhance their social visibility via adding new "neighbors") and suppliers (users who are willing to be added as a new "neighbor" of any requester when certain "rewards" is provided). We design a posted pricing scheme for the OSN provider to charge the requesters who use such boosting service, and reward the suppliers who contribute to such boosting service. The OSN operator keeps a fraction of the payment from requesters and distributes the remaining part to participating suppliers "fairly" via a scheme based on the Shapley value. The objective of the OSN provider is to select the price and supplier set to maximize the revenue under the budget constraint of requesters. We first show that the revenue maximization problem is not simpler than an NP-hard problem. We then decompose it into two subroutines, prove the hardness of each sub-routine, and eventually design computationally efficient approximation algorithms to solve the revenue maximization problem. We conduct extensive experiments to evaluate our proposed algorithms.
Distributed Frequency Synchronization For Global Synchronization In Wireless Mesh Networks (2012)

In this paper, our focus is to assure a global frequency synchronization in OFDMA-based wireless mesh networks with local information. To acquire the global synchronization in distributed manner, we propose a novel distributed frequency synchronization (DFS) method. DFS is a method that carrier frequencies of distributed nodes converge to a common value by repetitive estimation and averaging step and sharing step. Experimental results show that DFS achieves noteworthy better synchronization success probability than existing schemes in OFDMA-based mesh networks where the estimation error is presented.
Genetic Diversity among Elite Sorghum Inbred Lines Assessed with DNA Markers and Pedigree Information (1996)

The amount of genetic diversity in parental lines of commercial sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] hybrids is unknown, yet such comprehensive knowledge could improve the effectiveness of future hybrid development programs. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) and pedigree data were used to investigate the genetic relationships in a group of 58 fertility restorer (R) and 47 sterility maintainer (B) elite sorghum inbred lines. The objectives of this study were to (i) assess the level of genetic variation for RFLPs in these lines, (ii) estimate genetic similarity ( GS ) based on RFLPs and pedigree information for R‐ and B‐lines, and (iii) examine the agreement between RFLP‐based GS and coancestry coefficient (f) for related ( f > 0) pairs of inbreds. R‐lines, derived mainly from Feterita and Zera‐zera, and B‐lines, mostly from kafir germplasm, were analyzed for RFLPs with 104 DNA probes. A total of 326 patterns of RFLP bands was observed, with 276 being common to both R‐ and B‐lines, 32 unique to R‐lines, and 18 unique to B‐lines. On average, 3.6 patterns per clone‐enzyme combination were found for R‐lines and 3.0 for B‐lines. Average GS based on RFLPs was 0.67 for R‐lines and 0.76 for B‐lines, indicating more diversity within the R‐group The average for R‐lines was 0.08 and for B‐lines 0.07. Cluster analysis of GS estimates from the entire set (105) of inbreds revealed separate groups for R‐ and B‐lines in agreement with parental types, pedigree information, and the classification system used by breeders. R‐lines clustered into two main groups, one derived mainly from Feterita and the other from Zera‐zera. B‐lines were grouped into different sub‐clusters. GS and f were positively correlated for R‐lines ( r = 0.46) and for B‐lines ( r = 0.43), suggesting that RFLP data may help quantify the degree of relatedness in elite sorghum germplasm.
Principles of Electrosurgery (2011)

Abstract Electrosurgery uses electrical energy to achieve incision, hemostasis, and resection of tissue. While electrosurgical generators have become increasingly, sophisticated they are not foolproof, and having a good understanding of how electrical principles apply to ERCP and other pancreaticobiliary interventions is essential. Here we explore the electrical principles that make sphincterotomy, ablation, stone fragmentation, and drainage of collections effective and safe.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of ortho Substituted Arylboronic Esters by in situ Trapping of Unstable Lithio Intermediates. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Effects of Lipid on Collagen Films (1971)

著者らは繊維性蛋白質からフィルム, 糸などを電気化学的に成形する方法を開発してきた。それらの製晶の原料である腱, 皮などは, かなりの量の脂質を含有している。本実験では, コラーゲンフィルムの機械的性質におよぼす脂質の影響について検討した。まっこう鯨の腱の脂質は, 有機溶媒 (クロロホルム-メタノール1:1)で処理して抽出した。電気化学的に成形したフィルムの機械的強度は脂質含量の減少とともに増大した。逆に, 脂質を添加すると機械的強度は減少した。これらの結果からフィルム中の脂質はフィブリル同志のからみ合いを妨げるものと考えられる。
A combination shutter and filter-changing mechanism (1970)

Combination shutter and filter changing mechanism of spacecraft vidicon camera operating on Mariner Mars 69 and 71 spacecraft
Numerical evaluation of silicon epitaxial growth on a 450 mm diameter substrate (2015)

Silicon epitaxial growth on a 450 mm diameter silicon substrate and the related transport phenomena in a trichlorosilane-hydrogen system were numerically evaluated. In order to minimize the gas species transport distance, the single-wafer high-speed rotation vertical epitaxial reactor was studied assuming the future conditions and geometry. The edge of the large diameter substrate moves very quickly and induces a horizontal gas flow. The temperature gradient near the substrate surface significantly increases with the substrate rotation rate. The induced gas flow forms a thin boundary layer for effectively transporting the gas species to the substrate surface. A uniform film thickness profile is produced, consuming a high amount of trichlorosilane by the large substrate surface.
Kinetic and mechanistic considerations (1989)

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PAN/PDLLA FIBERS WITH MAGNETIC MINERAL NANOPARTICLES INSERTION FOR CONTROLLED RELEASE OF DRUGS (2014)

We report the design and obtaining method of polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/Poly(DL lactide) acid fibers with nano magnetic particles of Fe3O4. The results of morphological characterization show that nano-magnetite particles are well distributed throughout the composite. The magnetic investigations of the prepared nanocomposites show that they could become a potential candidate for a kind of specific biomedical application due to their strong magnetization.
ChemInform Abstract: ISOTHIAZOL‐CHEMIE 9. MITT. SELEKTIVITAET BEIM CARBANIONEN‐ANGRIFF AUF N‐AETHYL‐3‐ISOTHIAZOLON (1970)

Abstract N OllO Das unterschiedliche Verhalten von prim. oder sek. und tertiären Carbanionen (II) bei der Reaktion mit dem Isothiazolon (I) wird in bezug auf die sek. Stabilisierung des zunächst gebildeten Amidanions (III) zu dem Anion (IV) (nur bei Reaktion prim. oder sek. Carbanionen möglich) sowie in bezug auf die Wirksamkeit der vom Schwefel abspaltenden Gruppe diskutiert.
Dissociation dynamics of the Ã 2A″ state of vinyl radical (2003)

H or D atom velocities are reported for dissociation from several vibrational levels in the lowest 2500 cm−1 of the Ã 2A″ state of two vinyl radical isotopomers, C2H3 and CD2CH. Energies are inferred for the acetylene product and compared with both theoretical and experimental work. An upper bound is given for the rate of H-atom scrambling between the α and β carbon atoms.
Quantitative Morphologieanalyse zur Aufstellung von Morphologie-Eigenschaftskorrelationen an schlagzähem PVC / Quantitative Morphology Analysis for Establishing Correlations between Morphology and Properties of Impact-Resistant PVC (1983)

Article Quantitative Morphologieanalyse zur Aufstellung von Morphologie-Eigenschaftskorrelationen an schlagzähem PVC / Quantitative Morphology Analysis for Establishing Correlations between Morphology and Properties of Impact-Resistant PVC was published on June 1, 1983 in the journal Practical Metallography (volume 20, issue 6).
The fatigue strength of riveted joints and lugs (1956)

This report deals with a number of tests on riveted joints and lugs for the primary purpose of comparing the several types of riveted joints and to study the effect of various factors on the fatigue strength of lugs. A check was made to ascertain whether or not an estimate of the fatigue life at a certain loading could be made from the dimensions of the joint and the fatigue data of the unnotched materials. Recommendations are made on the proportioning of joints to obtain better fatigue behavior.
Analysis of Cationic Surfactants in Household Products by High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Nitrogen Chemiluminescence Detection (1996)

Abstract For compounds containing less than 10% (wt./wt.) nitrogen, the sensivity of nitrogen chemiluminescence detection is limited to concentrations of greater than 0.1 mg/mL under typical operating conditions. For determinations of nitrogen containing surfactants in household products, such sensitivity is not prohibitive due to the high levels of surfactant added to the formulations and is potentially offset by the advantage of the detector's specificity towards nitrogen containing compounds. Lauryl/myristyl monoethanolamide is detected without interfence in a variety of dishwashing liquids and n-methyl glucosamides are detected in liquid laundry detergents. Replicate injections of a single dishwashing liquid preparation indicate a quantitative reproducibility of 8% rsd for lauryl/myristyl monoethanolamide. Performance comparable to HPLC with UV detection has been achieved for methyl neodecanamide in an all purpose cleaner.
Uncertainty Assessment in System Performability Analysis (2005)

Uncertainty quantification remains a critical area in the analysis and simulation of system reliability, availability and performance. Uncertainty could either be data based, or system-based and hence driven by the underlying stochastic nature of the process . In a previous paper, the authors had provided three algorithms to handling data uncertainty in system availability analysis. In this paper, these ideas are extended into the analysis of inherent system uncertainty for both availability and performance analysis. A new Monte Carlo method for analyzing the variability in both system performance and availability is presented. A new method for calculating maximum likelihood estimates for scenarios of components including multiple types of repairs and maintenance is presented. In addition, a new method for obtaining the distribution of the Weibull parameters under complex scenario conditions is presented. In this paper, these new algorithms are illustrated with representative case studies drawn from the power generation industry.
Repetitive and Transient Increases in Hippocampal Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule Polysialylation State Following Multitrial Spatial Training (1996)

Polysialylated neurons, located at the inner border of the dentate granule cell layer, have been demonstrated to exhibit time-dependent change in their frequency at 10-12 h following training in the Morris water maze, a spatial learning paradigm. Such a change was not observed in animals required to locate a visible platform or in those rendered amnesic with scopolamine. This frequency response was capable of rapid reactivation following further training stimuli in a manner that was independent of circadian influence. These learning-associated modulations in neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) polysialylation state did not increase in magnitude despite improved performance, suggesting their activation is required for processing information rather than contributing to previously stored, task-associated memory. An increase in NCAM polysialylation appears to be a universal learning response to both spatial and nonspatial paradigms as similar time-dependent changes occurred following training in a one-trial, step-through, passive avoidance response subsequent to water maze training.
A Newton method for convex separable network flow problems (1983)

Abstract Previous feasible direction algorithms for convex, separable network flow problems that have appeared in the literature have all been linearly convergent. In this paper we propose an approximate implementation of the quadratically convergent Newton algorithm. The key to this implementation is a conjugate direction method that determines second‐order dual multiplier estimates at each iteration. This method exploits the network structure in a way that allows certain crucial matrix‐vector products to be computed in a simple pass through the arcs. Since this novel approach requires no matrix storage to compute these products, the algorithm can be used for large‐scale problems. Some computational experience with this new algorithm is reported.
Internuclear cyclisation. Part XXII. Catalysed decomposition of diazonium fluoroborates from alkoxy-N-alkyl-2-aminobenzanilides (1967)

Copper-catalysed decomposition of dry diazonium fluoroborates from alkoxy-N-alkyl-2-aminobenzanilides affords several new reactions not found in the thermal, uncatalysed decompositions. The products include benzanilides, phenanthridones, spiro-cyclohexa-dienones and -dienols, an azoxy-compound, and unsaturated dimeric products.Formation of the dienones and dienol, where an extra oxygen atom has become incorporated, and the unsaturated dimers, can only be explained, simply, in terms of a free-radical mechanism. The initially formed aryl radical adds intramolecularly to the other benzene ring to give a stabilised cyclohexadienyl radical which can react with dissolved oxygen or dimerise. Clear evidence is thus provided for the participation of radicals in these catalysed diazonium decompositions.Base-catalysed aromatisations of the cyclohexadienol to a biphenyl, and the unsaturated dimer (XVII) to a p-quaterphenyl are also described.