gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chemiluminescence and Bioluminescence Imaging for Biosensing and Therapy: <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Vivo</i> Perspectives (2019)

Chemiluminescence (CL) and bioluminescence (BL) imaging technologies, which require no external light source so as to avoid the photobleaching, background interference and autoluminescence, have become powerful tools in biochemical analysis and biomedical science with the development of advanced imaging equipment. CL imaging technology has been widely applied to high-throughput detection of a variety of analytes because of its high sensitivity, high efficiency and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Using luciferase and fluorescent proteins as reporters, various BL imaging systems have been developed innovatively for real-time monitoring of diverse molecules <i>in vivo</i> based on the reaction between luciferin and the substrate. Meanwhile, the kinetics of protein interactions even in deep tissues has been studied by BL imaging. In this review, we summarize <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> applications of CL and BL imaging for biosensing and therapy. We first focus on <i>in vitro</i> CL imaging from the view of improving the sensitivity. Then, <i>in vivo</i> CL applications in cells and tissues based on different CL systems are demonstrated. Subsequently, the recent <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> applications of BL imaging are summarized. Finally, we provide the insight into the development trends and future perspectives of CL and BL imaging technologies.
Growth of (100) oriented CdTe on Si using Ge as a buffer layer (1994)

Epitaxial (100) CdTe layers have been grown on (100) oriented Si substrates by atmospheric pressure organometallic vapor phase epitaxy using thin Ge as a buffer layer. A very thin native oxide layer may be present on Si substrates after etching in a HF solution and this can be removed by passing GeH4 gas over Si at 450 °C. The removal of this oxide takes several minutes depending on the oxide layer thickness and reactor conditions. For the CdTe layers grown on Ge/Si substrates, single-crystal (100) CdTe can be obtained at growth temperatures higher than 420 °C. For growth temperatures below 420 °C, a mixture of both (100) and (111) oriented CdTe was present. The x-ray full width at half-maximum of the (400) peak was 780 arcsec for a 3.1-μm-thick CdTe layer grown at 450 °C with a Ge buffer. Although all the layers had antiphase domains, single-domain CdTe can be grown on (100)Si misoriented towards [110]. This result presents an alternative for nucleating CdTe on Si without a GaAs buffer layer.
Simple design of slanted grating with simplified modal method: comment (2014)

In the recent Letter [Opt. Lett.39, 781 (2014)10.1364/OL.39.000781OPLEDP0146-9592] that proposes a method to design slanted parallelogram gratings based on the simplified modal method, the analysis of the modal field in the grating layer is incorrect; therefore, the validity of the equivalence between slanted parallelogram gratings and upright rectangular gratings that the authors thereby have deduced is questionable or at least in need of substantial modifications.
Real-time consensus-based scene reconstruction using commodity graphics hardware (2003)

We present a novel use of commodity graphics hardware that effectively combines a plane-sweeping algorithm with view synthesis for real-time, on-line 3D scene acquisition and view synthesis. Using real-time imagery from a few calibrated cameras, our method can generate new images from nearby viewpoints, estimate a dense depth map from the current viewpoint, or create a textured triangular mesh. We can do this without prior geometric information or requiring any user interaction, in real time and on line. The heart of our method is using programmable pixel shader technology to square intensity differences between reference image pixels, and then to choose final colors (or depths) that correspond to the minimum difference, i.e. the most consistent color. In this paper we describe the method, place it in the context of related work in computer graphics and computer vision, and present results.
Novel multi-input signal-processing networks with reduced quantization noise (1984)

Abstract New modular multi-input networks for direct arithmetic operations on delta-modulated input and output signals are designed and discussed. These networks are useful for delta-modulated signal-processing applications. They have advantages over those proposed up to now in that their design procedure is simpler, they are cheaper and, most important, their quantization noise is significantly reduced.
Steam Cracking of Hydrocarbons. 4. Analysis of High-Boiling Products from Naphtha in a Quartz Reactor (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSteam Cracking of Hydrocarbons. 4. Analysis of High-Boiling Products from Naphtha in a Quartz ReactorMartin Bajus, Václav Veselý, Katarina Špirková, Jo H. M. van den Berg, Plet A. Leclercq, and Jacques A. RijksCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1980, 19, 4, 564–568Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i360076a016https://doi.org/10.1021/i360076a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views85Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Searching Synergistic Dose Combinations for Anticancer Drugs (2018)

Recent development has enabled synergistic drugs in treating a wide range of cancers. Being highly context-dependent, however, identification of successful ones often requires screening of combinational dose on different testing platforms in order to gain the best anticancer effects. To facilitate the development of effective computational models, we reviewed the latest strategy in searching optimal dose combination from three perspectives: (1) mainly experimental-based approach; (2) Computational-guided experimental approach; (3) mainly computational-based approach. In addition to the introduction of each strategy, critical discussion of their advantages and disadvantages were also included, with a strong focus on the current applications and future improvements.
Effective memory reduction of the novel look-up table with one-dimensional sub-principle fringe patterns in computer-generated holograms (2012)

We propose a novel approach to massively reduce the memory of the novel look-up table (N-LUT) for computer-generated holograms by employing one-dimensional (1-D) sub-principle fringe patterns (sub-PFPs). Two-dimensional (2-D) PFPs used in the conventional N-LUT method are decomposed into a pair of 1-D sub-PFPs through a trigonometric relation. Then, these 1-D sub-PFPs are pre-calculated and stored in the proposed method, which results in a remarkable reduction of the memory of the N-LUT. Experimental results reveal that the memory capacity of the LUT, N-LUT and proposed methods have been calculated to be 149.01 TB, 2.29 GB and 1.51 MB, respectively for the 3-D object having image points of 500 × 500 × 256, which means the memory of the proposed method could be reduced by 103 × 10(6) fold and 1.55 × 10(3) fold compared to those of the conventional LUT and N-LUT methods, respectively.
Impact of STAT3 inhibition on survival of osteosarcoma cell lines. (2014)

Inhibition of STAT3 signalling suppressed osteosarcoma cell growth and induced apoptosis, and indicated that STAT3 targeted-therapy may have therapeutic potential in osteosarcoma.
Three Way Challenge-Response Authentication in Smart Card Using Elliptic Curve Cryptosystem (2009)

In this paper presents an authentication protocol for challenge-response exchange in smart card. Cryptographic authentication is necessary to protect branded goods from forgery. Existing protocols do not include cryptographic authentication mechanisms.Therefore, a new approach for authentication is proposed in this paper. Because of the limited computing power, low die- size and low- power requirements, a three way challenge-response authentication scheme is used between the devices and the smart card. The goal of this paper is to create authentication data between card and device using encryption algorithms key pair and pseudo-random number generation including the analysis of properties of common pseudorandom number generators. Furthermore, cryptographic applications heavily rely on pseudorandom number generator to generate secrets such as session keys, passwords and key pairs. ECC algorithms are developed using Visual C++ environment to obtain data transmission more secure and efficient.
Particle platforms for cancer immunotherapy (2013)

Rita Elena Serda Department of Nanomedicine, The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA Abstract: Elevated understanding and respect for the relevance of the immune system in cancer development and therapy has led to increased development of immunotherapeutic regimens that target existing cancer cells and provide long-term immune surveillance and protection from cancer recurrence. This review discusses using particles as immune adjuvants to create vaccines and to augment the anticancer effects of conventional chemotherapeutics. Several particle prototypes are presented, including liposomes, polymer nanoparticles, and porous silicon microparticles, the latter existing as either single- or multiparticle platforms. The benefits of using particles include immune-cell targeting, codelivery of antigens and immunomodulatory agents, and sustained release of the therapeutic payload. Nanotherapeutic-based activation of the immune system is dependent on both intrinsic particle characteristics and on the immunomodulatory cargo, which may include danger signals known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns and cytokines for effector-cell activation. Keywords: adjuvant, particle, immunotherapy, dendritic cell, cancer, vaccine
Acceleration using total internal reflection (1991)

This report considers the use of a dielectric slab undergoing total internal reflection as an accelerating structure for charged particle beams. We examine the functional dependence of the electromagnetic fields above the surface of the dielectric for polarized incident waves. We present an experimental arrangement for testing the performance of the method, using apparatus under construction for the Grating Acceleration experiment at Brookhaven National Laboratory. 13 refs., 4 figs., 2 tabs.
Docetaxel (Taxotere) as a single agent and in combination chemotherapy for the treatment of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. (2000)

Docetaxel (Taxotere; Rhône-Poulenc Rorer, Antony, France) has high and reproducible single-agent activity in non-small cell lung cancer, inducing responses in nearly one third of patients treated first-line. As a second-line treatment, docetaxel is the only agent so far shown in randomized trials to prolong survival when compared with either vinorelbine or ifosfamide or best supportive care. When docetaxel is given on a weekly rather than once every 3 week schedule, the risk of neutropenia is reduced while activity appears to be maintained. The weekly schedule may prove to be a more favorable one for combination chemotherapy regimens. To date, docetaxel has been studied with other agents frequently using a once every 3 weeks schedule. Combinations of docetaxel with cisplatin, carboplatin, gemcitabine, or vinorelbine are generally well-tolerated. With all four combinations, the pooled response rates in phase II studies are approximately 40%. A phase II study of 51 patients treated with the combination of 100 mg/m2 docetaxel and 900 mg/m2 gemcitabine reported a 13-month median survival. In a randomized phase II trial comparing docetaxel/gemcitabine with docetaxel/cisplatin, the two regimens had comparable efficacy and toxicity. Response rates of up to 50% have been reported using docetaxel in conjunction with vinorelbine.
The Value of Proximity: Examining the Willingness to Pay for Online Local News (2015)

The exploration of new business models based on paid content strategies in the digital environment has generated an important discussion regarding the willingness to pay for online news. Previous studies have neglected local newspapers, although several analyses have clearly identified the local (news) as a fundamental asset to convince readers to pay for information. Based on a national survey of 1,637 U.S. adults, the research presented here systematically evaluates factors that influence the willingness to pay for online local news. Results of the logistic regression analysis reveals relationships between paying intent and predictor variables such as demographics (age and gender), media use (print and online newspapers), news interest, and traditional newspaper subscription. Finally, managerial and theoretical implications are discussed.
DeepMSA: constructing deep multiple sequence alignment to improve contact prediction and fold-recognition for distant-homology proteins (2019)

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Ultrastructural studies of an acth-secreting thymic tumor (1970)

An ACTH-secreting thymoma is reported in a 26-year-old woman with Cushing's syndrome. The tumor was epithelial in type as seen with the light microscope and resembled other thymomas in patients with Cushing's disease reported in the literature. Ultramicroscopically, the epithelial nature of the tumor was confirmed. Neurosecretory granules were easily identified in the tumor cells. These granule-containing cells were similar to the tumor cells of oat cell carcinomas of the lung and bronchial carcinoids. The granules were almost identical to those seen ultrastructurally in another asymptomatic thymoma reported elsewhere. It is concluded that the granules may be the source of the ACTH production, but tumors that harbor them may not be necessarily associated with Cushing's syndrome. In the case of the oat cell carcinoma of the lung, the rapid death of the patient may preclude the development of the fullblown syndrome.
The cost of work-related physical assaults in Minnesota. (2000)

Identified subgroups warrant attention for risk factor identification and prevention efforts. Cost estimates can serve as the basis for business calculations on the potential value of risk management interventions.
Carbonic anhydrase in Escherichia coli. A product of the cyn operon. (1992)

The product of the cynT gene of the cyn operon in Escherichia coli has been identified as a carbonic anhydrase. The cyn operon also includes the gene cynS, encoding the enzyme cyanase. Cyanase catalyzes the reaction of cyanate with bicarbonate to give ammonia and carbon dioxide. The carbonic anhydrase was isolated from an Escherichia coli strain overexpressing the cynT gene and characterized. The purified enzyme was shown to contain 1 Zn2+/subunit (24 kDa) and was found to behave as an oligomer in solution; the presence of bicarbonate resulted in partial dissociation of the oligomeric enzyme. The kinetic properties of the enzyme are similar to those of carbonic anhydrases from other species, including inhibition by sulfonamides and cyanate. The amino acid sequence shows a high degree of identity with the sequences of two plant carbonic anhydrases. but not with animal and algal carbonic anhydrases. Since carbon dioxide formed in the bicarbonate-dependent decomposition of cyanate diffuses out of the cell faster than it would be hydrated to bicarbonate, the apparent function of the induced carbonic anhydrase is to catalyze hydration of carbon dioxide and thus prevent depletion of cellular bicarbonate.
Poly(urethane-dimethylsiloxane) copolymers displaying a range of soft segment contents, noncytotoxic chemistry, and nonadherent properties toward endothelial cells (2014)

Polyurethane copolymers based on α,ω-dihydroxypropyl poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) with a range of soft segment contents were prepared by two-stage polymerization, and their microstructures, thermal, thermomechanical, and surface properties, as well as in vitro hemo- and cytocompatibility were evaluated. All utilized characterization methods confirmed the existence of moderately microphase separated structures with the appearance of some microphase mixing between segments as the PDMS (i.e., soft segment) content increased. Copolymers showed higher crystallinity, storage moduli, surface roughness, and surface free energy, but less hydrophobicity with decreasing PDMS content. Biocompatibility of copolymers was evaluated using an endothelial EA.hy926 cell line by direct contact, an extraction method and after pretreatment of copolymers with multicomponent protein mixture, as well as by a competitive protein adsorption assay. Copolymers showed no toxic effect to endothelial cells and all copolymers, except that with the lowest PDMS content, exhibited resistance to endothelial cell adhesion, suggesting their unsuitability for long-term biomedical devices which particularly require re-endothelialization. All copolymers exhibited excellent resistance to fibrinogen adsorption and adsorbed more albumin than fibrinogen in the competitive adsorption assay, suggesting their good hemocompatibility. The noncytotoxic chemistry of these synthesized materials, combined with their nonadherent properties which are inhospitable to cell attachment and growth, underlie the need for further investigations to clarify their potential for use in short-term biomedical devices.
Multi‐walled carbon nanotube composites with polyacrylate prepared for open‐tubular capillary electrochromatography (2010)

A new phase containing immobilized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was synthesized by in situ polymerization of acid-treated multi-walled CNTs using butylmethacrylate (BMA) as the monomer and ethylene dimethacrylate as the crosslinker on a silanized capillary, forming a porous-layered open-tubular column for CEC. Incorporation of CNT nanomaterials into a polymer matrix could increase the phase ratio and take advantage of the easy preparation of an OT-CEC column. The completed BMA-CNT column was characterized by SEM, ATR-IR, and EOF measurements, varying the pH and the added volume organic modifier. In the multi-walled CNTs structure, carboxylate groups were the major ionizable ligands on the phase surface exerting the EOF having electroosmotic mobility, 4.0 × 10(4) cm2 V(-1)1 S(-1)1, in the phosphate buffer at pH 2.8 and RSD values (n=5), 3.2, 4.1, and 4.3%, for three replicate capillaries at pH 7.6. Application of the BMA-CNT column in CEC separations of various samples, including nucleobases, nucleosides, flavonoids, and phenolic acids, proved satisfactory upon optimization of the running buffers. Their optima were found in the borate buffers at pH 9.0/50 mM, pH 9.5/10 mM/50% v/v ACN, and pH 9.5/30 mM/10% v/v methanol, respectively. The separations could also be used to assess the relative contributions of electrophoresis and chromatography to the CEC mechanism by calculating the corresponding velocity and retention factors. Discussions about interactions between the probe solutes and the bonded phase included the π-π interactions, electrostatic repulsion, and hydrogen bonding. Furthermore, a reversed-phase mode was discovered to be involved in the chromatographic retention.
Classifying code comments in Java software systems (2019)

Code comments are a key software component containing information about the underlying implementation. Several studies have shown that code comments enhance the readability of the code. Nevertheless, not all the comments have the same goal and target audience. In this paper, we investigate how 14 diverse Java open and closed source software projects use code comments, with the aim of understanding their purpose. Through our analysis, we produce a taxonomy of source code comments; subsequently, we investigate how often each category occur by manually classifying more than 40,000 lines of code comments from the aforementioned projects. In addition, we investigate how to automatically classify code comments at line level into our taxonomy using machine learning; initial results are promising and suggest that an accurate classification is within reach, even when training the machine learner on projects different than the target one. Data and Materials [ https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2628361 ].
Information Management for Adaptive Automotive Human Machine Interfaces (2014)

Adaptive Human Machine Interfaces (HMI) provide a substantial contribution to avoid information overload of the driver. This paper presents novel concepts for context-aware information management in the sector of adaptive automotive HMI. In particular, we describe an architectural design which supports an easy integration of multiple strategies to manipulate and to adapt the in-vehicle information flow depending on the current driving context. The presented architecture follows the blackboard design pattern and enables opportunistic reasoning in the automotive domain. We further present a novel fusion strategy for messages based on a taxonomic message model. The fusion strategy allows to combine two or more low-level messages and to replace them with a higher-level message in order to reduce the information load for the driver. The described concepts have been evaluated with the help of a driving simulator study with N = 41 test persons. The results show a significant reduction of the subjective workload if the information manager is applied.
Two-stage voltage regulator for laptop computer cpus and the corresponding advanced control schemes to improve light-load performance (2004)

This paper presents a two-stage voltage regulator (VR) for the laptop computer CPUs. The advanced control schemes to improve light-load efficiency are also discussed. The test results show that the two-stage solution achieves higher efficiency than the single-stage solution over a wide load range under the entire input voltage range. It is a promising solution for future laptop VRs.
[Application of the staged radical operation for obstruction colonic cancer]. (1998)

The results of treatment of 202 patients with an acute ileus due to colonic malignancy are adduced. The total five year survival index was 20% and a ten year one--1.5%.
Augmented Reality in Logistics (2013)

This paper describes the basic elements of logistics and pays special attention to improvement possibilities in packaging, handling, storage and transportation phases where manpower and personnel also play an important role. To decrease the error rate of object selection and decision-making time it is necessary to simplify natural logistics element execution and make it more humane where human resources are involved. Modern technologies can improve those processes by taking care of stressful situations and depressing warehouse worker routines. Augmented reality (AR) offers a key technology to solve these problems by allowing to make decisions based on computer generated visualizations and 3D model projections. The successful use of AR technologies in various industries and some experimental approbation in warehouse environments confirms the potential and perspectives. The use of instructions in three dimensional space instead of text and image based guides is a general improvement which is also introduced in this paper.