gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gould et D'Arcy Thompson (2004)

Cet article évalue l'importance de l'œuvre de D'Arcy Thompson (1860–1948), Forme et croissance, pour l'élaboration de la pensée de Stephen Jay Gould, et la manière dont ce dernier a utilisé les concepts et les approches morphologiques originales élaborées par D'Arcy pour forger ses propres conceptions macroévolutionnistes. Si la référence à D'Arcy est présente à chaque étape de l'œuvre et de la carrière de Gould, elle devient plus critique à partir des années 1980 : bien qu'il conserve l'idée de « contraintes de construction », Gould tend alors à récuser le déterminisme mécanise inspiré de D'Arcy au profit d'une approche historique du « bricolage évolutif » et des contingences de l'histoire évolutive. Au-delà de son œuvre, c'est sans doute aussi l'image même du savant incarné par D'Arcy qui a fasciné Gould et constitué pour lui un modèle. Pour citer cet article : C. Cohen, C. R. Palevol 3 (2004). Gould and D'Arcy Thompson. This paper stresses the importance of D’Arcy Thompson’s (1860–1948) major work, On Growth and Form, for the elaboration of S.J. Gould’s thinking – and the use of D’Arcy’s original morphological approach in the constitution of Gould’s own macro-evolutionary concepts. The reference to D’Arcy’s work is present at each step of Gould’s works and career, but it yields more criticisms in later years: from the 1980s on, Gould refers to the idea of ‘construction constraints’, but tends to refute D’Arcy’s mechanical determinism to focus more on a historical approach of evolutionary ‘tinkering’ and of the role of contingencies in the history of life. Beyond the details of D’Arcy’s ideas and works, Gould seems to have been also fascinated by the personality of the Scottish naturalist: the image of the scientist he embodied certainly constituted for him an existential model throughout his life. To cite this article : C. Cohen, C. R. Palevol 3 (2004).
Is the dust mite allergen <i>Der p</i> 1 a cysteine proteinase? (1997)

Conference Abstract| February 01 1997 Is the dust mite allergen Der p 1 a cysteine proteinase? LOUISE CHAMBERS; LOUISE CHAMBERS 1Laboratory of Structural & Mechanistic Enzymology, Department of Biochemistry, Queen Mary & Westfield College, University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK2Dept. of Clinical Chemistry, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar SUNEAL K. SREEDHARAN; SUNEAL K. SREEDHARAN 1Laboratory of Structural & Mechanistic Enzymology, Department of Biochemistry, Queen Mary & Westfield College, University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar SUSAN DEAM; SUSAN DEAM 2Dept. of Clinical Chemistry, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar NOOR KALSHEKER; NOOR KALSHEKER 2Dept. of Clinical Chemistry, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar KEITH BROCKLEHURST KEITH BROCKLEHURST 1Laboratory of Structural & Mechanistic Enzymology, Department of Biochemistry, Queen Mary & Westfield College, University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1997) 25 (1): 85S. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst025085s Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation LOUISE CHAMBERS, SUNEAL K. SREEDHARAN, SUSAN DEAM, NOOR KALSHEKER, KEITH BROCKLEHURST; Is the dust mite allergen Der p 1 a cysteine proteinase?. Biochem Soc Trans 1 February 1997; 25 (1): 85S. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst025085s Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1997 Biochemical Society1997 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Endoplasmic Reticulum Retention Determinants in the Transmembrane and Linker Domains of Cytochrome P450 2C1 (2000)

The cytochrome P450 2C1 N-terminal signal anchor sequence mediates direct retention of the protein in the endoplasmic reticulum and consists of a hydrophobic transmembrane domain, residues 3-20, followed by a hydrophilic linker, residues 21-28. Fusions of the N-terminal 21 or 28 amino acids of P450 2C1 to green fluorescent protein resulted in endoplasmic reticulum localization of the chimera in transfected cells. Disruption of microtubules by nocodazole treatment resulted in redistribution into a punctate pattern for the 1-21, but not for the 1-28, chimera indicating that the linker was preventing transport from the endoplasmic reticulum but was not required for retrieval to the endoplasmic reticulum from the pre-Golgi compartment. In the 1-28 chimera, mutations of residues 21-23 (KQS) in the linker resulted in redistribution of the chimera after nocodazole treatment. Mutations in the transmembrane domain affected both direct retention in the endoplasmic reticulum and retrieval from the pre-Golgi compartment, and although structural requirements for each process are distinct, in both cases the arrangement of amino acids and distribution of hydrophobicity are critical. In contrast, the linker region exhibits a sequence-specific requirement for direct retention in the endoplasmic reticulum.
Development of flex stackable carriers (2002)

CSP's and /spl mu/BGA's are becoming more common in the market place and present new challenges for stacking of devices. An investigation into possible methods of stacking these devices was undertaken. New materials such as z-axis epoxies and combination flux/underfill epoxies were considered as well as the possibilities of adhesiveless copper on flex for fine line etching. This paper describes the basic approach and the results of combining the new technologies into a versatile and novel stacking approach.
Detection and Control against Replay Attacks in Smart Grid (2016)

This paper studies the way to the invasion of smart grid networked systems - replay attacks, which can result in the invasion of the smart grid, while not being detected by normal anomaly detection mechanisms. To be able to resist the replay attack, the paper designs a new strategy that can effectively improve the chances of repeat attacks detection for the system controller, but it also will sacrifice some level of performance as the price.
A Survey on Blockchain-Based Identity Management Systems for the Internet of Things (2018)

The Internet of Things aims at connecting everything ranging from individuals, organizations, companies to things in the physical and virtual world. The digital identity has always been considered as the keystone for all online services and the foundation for building security mechanisms such as authentication and authorization. However, current literature still lacks of a comprehensive research on the digital identity management for the Internet of Things (IoT). In this paper, we identify digital identity challenges and solutions for the Internet in general. We then focus on how existing solutions cope with IoT requirements such as scalability, interoperability, mobility, security and privacy. We also investigate recent surging blockchain sovereign identity solutions and enumerate some projects and startups which are focusing on IoT identity problems. Furthermore, we elaborate challenges of building identity management systems for the IoT, including access control, privacy preserving, trust and performance respectively. At last, we conclude with the promising future research trends in building IoT identity management systems.
High-Speed Electrometers for Rocket and Satellite Experiments (1960)

Highly stable micromicroammeters capable of measuring currents as low as 5 × 10-14 amperes with a frequency response of at least 30 cps can be realized using directly-coupled electrometer circuitry. The circuit can be packaged in approximately 9 cubic inches and requires less than 100 mw of power. An analysis of the speed of response and signal-to-noise ratio is given in the text and expressions are derived to show the theoretical possibilities of the method and to serve as design guides for realization of the maximum possible performance. Several practical circuits are shown and a summary is presented of the number of circuits which have been used in rocket and satellite exploration.
Direct measurement of nitric oxide in the cardiovascular system. (1996)

Nitric oxide generated from L-arginine is a messenger for cell-to-cell communication. Abnormalities in nitric oxide release have been implicated in diseases ranging from hypertension and atherosclerosis to septic shock and rheumatoid arthritis. We report here the in vivo and in vitro measurements of nitric oxide in the cardiovascular system using a porphyrinic sensor specific for NO. The sensor has a detection limit 10(-9) M, response time of 0.1-10 ms and diameter of 1-20 microns. Protected by an intravenous catheter or Swan-Ganz catheter, the sensor can be implanted into tissues as well as into the blood stream. Nitric oxide concentrations were measured directly in the heart and also in veins and arteries, ranging in diameter from 100 microns to 5 mm. Nitric oxide production was induced by the action of different physical agents (shear stress, stretching) as well as various chemical substances agonists (bradykinin, acetylcholine, ATP).
Tratamiento del insomnio en pacientes hospitalizados (2002)

Summary Insomnia is a problem affecting many outpatients and inpatients. It may result from various causes, from stress to either psychiatric or somatic conditions. According to duration, it may be subdivided into transient, short-term and long-term insomnia. Aetiological treatment is best, but hypnotics are indicated for symptom therapy when this is not feasible or adequate. Sleep hygiene is always to be recommended. Hypnotics currently in wider use are benzodiazepines, zolpidem, and zopiclone. Some anti-histaminic agents, trazodone, and chlormethiazole are also used for selected patients. The use of benzodiazepines with short to intermediate clearance half-life is recommended. Excessive sedation, rebound insomnia, tolerance and dependency are their main side effects. In addition, interactions with other drugs should be considered. Melatonin and zaleplon are the most recently introduced hypnotics.
Development of a micromechanical pitch-tunable grating with reflective/transmissive dual working modes (2010)

In this paper, a micromechanical pitch-tunable grating with the capability of working in both reflective and transmissive modes is developed by using the silicon-on-glass (SOG) process. At a voltage of 65 V, the grating period is measured to increase by 4.62%. A simple optical experiment is performed to demonstrate how the proposed grating works in both modes. Then, experiments to measure the change of the diffraction angle versus driving voltage in both reflective and transmissive modes are designed and carried out utilizing an area-arrayed charge-coupled device (CCD), and the results are in good agreement with the theoretical calculation. Discussions on the structural configuration and diffraction efficiency of the proposed grating are presented. The grating presented provides better flexibility in the design and development of application systems.
A graphic explanation environment for expert systems (1989)

The explanation facility is an essential part of an expert system. In general, there are three kinds of explanations: explanations during user input, explanations of knowledge base contents (static explanations). The last two types of explanation are considered. The authors show how to generate graphic explanations based on bipartite graphs. This explanation environment is able to answer both questions about the (static) knowledge base and the (dynamic) inferences. Implementation issues are considered. The inference engine writes a log (history) which reflects the state of dynamic knowledge during problem solving. Successful and unsuccessful rules are entered separately into the log in the sequence they are considered. In order to minimize the time for generating answers, the authors use a frame-based knowledge representation for the variable-rule interrelations which are extracted automatically from the rule base and the log. As examples, they describe the basic 'WHY' and 'WHY-NOT' questions and the algorithms used. >
Rapid Diagnosis of Aneuploidy by High-Resolution Melting Analysis of Segmental Duplications (2012)

This novel method clearly differentiates samples of patients with common aneuploidies from those of unaffected controls, while markedly simplifying the assays and reducing time and costs. The assay has sufficient throughput to meet the demands of large-scale testing, such as population-based postnatal screening, and is thus suitable for routine use.
[Endogenous phosphorylation of sarcoplasmic reticulum fragments of rabbit fast skeletal muscles]. (1982)

The purified membrane fragments of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of rabbit fast skeletal muscles were found to incorporate 32P from[gamma-32P]ATP in endogenous membrane substrates and in histone H1. The existence of membrane-bound protein kinase of SR was demonstrated by steady state binding of [3H]-cAMP to the SR membranes. The constant of [3H]cAMP binding to the membranes is 2.5 +/- 0.003 x 10(6) M-1, the number of binding sites is 6.1 +/- 0.8 pmol per 1 mg of protein. The endogenous phosphorylation of SR components was inhibited by cAMP and cGMP at concentrations of 10(-7)-10(-6) and depended on Mg2+ and Ca2+. The thermostable protein inhibitor of cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibited the endogenous phosphorylation of SR membranes by 30-40%. The protein phosphoproduct of SR membranes revealed the properties of a phosphoester. The membrane-bound protein kinase was active towards the exogenous substrate--histone H1. Phosphorylation in the presence of histones was independent of cyclic nucleotides, Mg2+ and Ca2+. Fractionation of 32P-labelled solubilized membranes in polyacrylamide gel in the presence of Na-SDS showed that the radioactivity is bound to protein zones with molecular weights of 95 000 and 6000.
Significance Test and Genome Selection in Bayesian Shrinkage Analysis (2010)

Bayesian shrinkage analysis is the state-of-the-art method for whole genome analysis of quantitative traits. It can estimate the genetic effects for the entire genome using a dense marker map. The technique is now called genome selection. A nice property of the shrinkage analysis is that it can estimate effects of QTL as small as explaining 2% of the phenotypic variance in a typical sample size of 300-500 individuals. In most cases, QTL can be detected with simple visual inspection of the entire genome for the effect because the false positive rate is low. As a Bayesian method, no significance test is needed. However, it is still desirable to put some confidences on the estimated QTL effects. We proposed to use the permutation test to draw empirical thresholds to declare significance of QTL under a predetermined genome wide type I error. With the permutation test, Bayesian shrinkage analysis can be routinely used for QTL detection.
Battery state of health monitoring, combining conductance technology with other measurement parameters for real-time battery performance analysis (2002)

Managers responsible for stationary battery systems may need to consider this question, "What monitoring option(s) cam be used to effectively evaluate the relative state of health of installed batteries?" This is no small issue given the proliferation of site designs and the sheer number of locations equipped with stationary batteries. Further, there seems to be no consensus among battery users or battery manufacturers regarding what to monitor. Detailing which battery operating parameter(s) will provide the appropriate technical information associated with identifying weak or failing battery strings/cells while in service is the challenge. To help clarify one of several new technical options, this paper introduces new battery monitoring models that illustrate how multiple measurement inputs can be configured to guarantee finding potential service-affecting battery faults. Once detected, this information can be sent through embedded alarm communications systems to a designated maintenance response authority.
A pattern-diversity antenna module for dual-band WLAN systems (2005)

The main idea of the antenna diversity is using multiple switched antennas to provide the separate propagation channels. The technique mitigating the effect of the short-term fades is the switchable radiation pattern in which the signals received over channels are combined properly to increase the probability, and power intensity of the received signal. In this paper, a microstrip antenna module with switchable radiation patterns has been fabricated and measured. The antenna module includes a power divider, a switch module and a two-element Z-like slot antenna array. The wideband Wilkinson power divider is integrated with the dual-band single-port-double-throw(SPDT) switch module to provide two individual signal paths for the inputs of the two-element antenna array. By changing the bias voltages of the FET devices, the radiation patterns of the antenna array are changed and switched. Hence, switching radiation patterns are demonstrated such that the fading effect due to the multipath propagation can be avoided.
Morphology of nuclear transcription (2016)

Gene expression control is a fundamental determinant of cellular life with transcription being the most important step. The spatial nuclear arrangement of the transcription process driven by RNA polymerases II and III is nonrandomly organized in foci, which is believed to add another regulatory layer on gene expression control. RNA polymerase I transcription takes place within a specialized organelle, the nucleolus. Transcription of ribosomal RNA directly responds to metabolic requirements, which in turn is reflected in the architecture of nucleoli. It differs from that of the other polymerases with respect to the gene template organization, transcription rate, and epigenetic expression control, whereas other features are shared like the formation of DNA loops bringing genes and components of the transcription machinery in close proximity. In recent years, significant advances have been made in the understanding of the structural prerequisites of nuclear transcription, of the arrangement in the nuclear volume, and of the dynamics of these entities. Here, we compare ribosomal RNA and mRNA transcription side by side and review the current understanding focusing on structural aspects of transcription foci, of their constituents, and of the dynamical behavior of these components with respect to foci formation, disassembly, and cell cycle.
Multiport scattering analysis of general multilayered printed antennas fed by multiple feed ports. I. Theory (1992)

A general solution is given for a class of printed antenna geometries composed of multiple dielectric layers or ground planes, radiating patches, dipoles, or slots, and an arbitrary configuration of multiple transmission lines proximity-coupled or aperture-coupled to the radiating elements. The solution uses a full-wave spectral-domain moment method approach, and a new generalized multiport scattering formulation to model the excitation from the multiple feed lines. This method treats infinite phased arrays as well as isolated elements. The general theory using the new multiport scattering formulation is elaborated, with details of the key analytical and numerical aspects. Considering the unified nature of the multiport scattering analysis, and its simplicity, this analysis is appropriate for computer simulation of a large variety of multilayered microstrip antennas involving radome layers, dual polarized feeds, proximity-coupled or aperture-coupled elements, multifeed stacked or parasitic patches, and several related configurations for integrated phased array applications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
In vivo correlates of infectious salmon anemia virus pathogenesis in fish (2006)

The phenotypic correlates of pathogenicity for Infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV) in salmonid fishes have not been thoroughly studied to date. In this study, a comparison was made of 13 different strains of ISAV, isolated from different geographical regions between 1997 and 2004, for their infectivity in three fish species [Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)]. When the different virus isolates were used at an approximate inoculum dose of 10(6) TCID(50) in 0.2 ml per fish, it was found that the most virulent strains had an acute mortality phase in Atlantic salmon that started at 10-13 days post-inoculation and lasted for 9-15 days with a cumulative mortality of >/=90 %. These highly pathogenic strains also caused low mortality in rainbow trout, albeit later in infection. Viruses with a more delayed or protracted mortality phase resulting in cumulative mortalities of 50-89 % in Atlantic salmon were considered to be of intermediate pathogenicity and isolates with cumulative mortalities of </=49 % were considered to be of low pathogenicity. On this basis, three of the ISAV isolates showed a high-, eight an intermediate- and two a low-pathogenicity phenotype in Atlantic salmon. Coho salmon were resistant to all ISAV isolates. These results confirmed that there is variation in pathogenicity among ISAV strains for Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout, and that other salmonid species such as coho salmon can carry highly pathogenic strains of ISAV without showing signs of disease. The identified pathogenicity phenotypes may aid in the identification of molecular markers of ISAV virulence.