gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Integrated Smart Grid Hierarchical Control (2012)

A previous paper presented a new smart grid infrastructure for active distribution systems that will allow continuous and accurate monitoring of distribution system operations and customer utilization of electric power. This paper presents the utilization of this system for the purpose of optimizing the operation of the system over a rolling planning horizon. Specifically, we propose the use of a hierarchical optimization method that optimizes the operation of the system by scheduling the operation of various resources with storage capability. The hierarchical method has three levels: (a) distribution feeder optimization, (b) substation level optimization, and (c) system optimization. At the lowest level (feeder optimization) the problem is formulated as a quadratic optimization problem that is solved via barrier methods. At the higher levels the problem is formulated as a stochastic dynamic programming problem. The proposed method captures the uncertainty associated with many resources in the system resulting from the integration of renewables. Finally, a method is proposed for the business case analysis of the benefits of the proposed scheme and results for a hypothetical system are presented.
Idiopathic Retroperitoneal Fibrosis (1980)

No AccessJournal of UrologyLetters to the Editor1 Sep 1980Idiopathic Retroperitoneal Fibrosis Rodney A. Appell Rodney A. AppellRodney A. Appell More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)55484-1AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Idiopathic Retroperitoneal Fibrosis." The Journal of Urology, 124(3), p. 433 © 1980 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 124Issue 3September 1980Page: 433 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1980 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Rodney A. Appell More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...
Is all Asthenopia the Same? (2003)

Symptom descriptors and locations were able to distinguish discomfort on the basis of causative condition. Results support two different symptom constellations and, hence, at least two different afferent pathways for symptoms of asthenopia.
Exploring the structural uniformity and integrity of protonic ceramic thin film electrolyte using wet powder spraying (2021)

Thin protonic ceramic electrolyte contributes to lower ohmic resistance and enhances electrochemical performance of protonic ceramic electrochemical cells. However, manufacturing of large-scale thin electrolyte remains a challenge. Wet powder spraying is an attractive technique to deposit <10 μm thin electrolyte when advanced atomizing techniques and optimized spraying process are integrated. Here ultrasonic atomization is integrated in the wet powder spray technique to reduce the thickness of electrolyte. Moreover, a parametric study is conducted to optimize the wet powder spray process to deposit uniform and crack-free electrolyte film. It is illustrated that tuning of solid loading rates and spray passes can affect the morphology of the as-sprayed electrolyte film, enabling the structural compactness of the sintered electrolyte layer. To maintain chemical stability of the electrolyte layer during sintering, effect of sintering temperature is further investigated to produce a physically thin, structurally dense, and chemically homogeneous electrolyte layer. The protonic ceramic electrochemical cells fabricated with optimized spraying and sintering parameters demonstrate excellent performance under both fuel cell and electrolysis modes. In addition, the cells exhibit remarkable structural integrity during redox and long-term stability tests.
Novel V<inf>TH</inf> self-adjusting MISFET with SiN charge trap layer for ultra low power LSI (2011)

A novel V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TH</sub> self-adjusting FET with SiN charge trap layer is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TH</sub> self-adjusting FET has a poly Si/SiN/SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> /Si gate stack and can be introduced to conventional CMOS platform with a small additional cost. The |V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TH</sub> | of the V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TH</sub> self-adjusting nFET and pFET decrease on on-state and come back to the initial high value on off-state due to charging and neutralization of the SiN layer by exchange of electrons with gate electrode. The dynamic V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TH</sub> tuning ability improves both of read and write margins of SRAM. V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TH</sub> tuning ability of 100mV is achieved by Si-rich SiN film of less than 1nm, which leads to reduction of minimum operating voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DD_min</sub> ) of SRAM by 170mV. It is found that switching energy efficiency (energy per a cycle) can be improved largely beyond the limit of conventional FET in ultra low V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DD</sub> region by V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TH</sub> self-adjusting function.
Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of EGFRvIII cellular signaling networks in glioblastoma (2007)

2529 EGFRvIII is a truncated mutant of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) which is implicated in the progression of glioblastoma multiforme. While much work has been done to elucidate the pathways initiated by EGFRvIII, the global map of its signaling network is still incomplete, making it difficult to assess downstream components involved in tumor progression. As a model system, we have used the U87MG glioblastoma cell line retrovirally transfected to express three different levels of EGFRvIII. Employing a mass spectrometric strategy previously developed in our laboratory, we have quantitatively measured global tyrosine phosphorylation events in these cell lines. This has allowed us to obtain a systems view of signaling networks initiated by the EGFRvIII receptor. We have identified many critical signaling proteins which are differentially tyrosine phosphorylated as a function of increasing EGFRvIII levels, in particular, PI-3 kinase and the cellular migration/invasion machinery. In addition, pathways normally activated by wildtype EGFR, such as the MAP kinase cascades are not responsive to EGFRvIII. K-means clustering of the phosphoproteomic data revealed a cluster of phosphorylation sites which are highly responsive to the expression levels of EGFRvIII. These include tyrosine phosphorylation sites in the activation loop of the c-Met receptor, PLC-γ and pyruvate kinase 3. EGFRvIII-positive tumors have previously been shown to be resistant to EGFR kinase inhibitors and alternative therapeutic candidates from our phosphoproteomic screen may represent a means by which to overcome this chemoresistance. We chose the c-Met receptor as an example for target validation. Analysis of c-Met phosphorylation in the presence of an Anti-HGF antibody indicates that the activation of c-Met is ligand independent. Temporal treatment of EGFRvIII expressing cells with AG1478, an EGFRvIII tyrphostin inhibitor, showed that c-Met activation is a result of direct crosstalk with the EGFRvIII receptor. Treatment of EGFRvIII expressing cells with SU11274, a c-Met specific inhibitor, led to a dose-dependent decrease in cell growth and increase in apoptosis. In addition, siRNA-mediated knockdown of the c-Met receptor resulted in a decrease in cell proliferation. Our data suggests that the c-Met receptor may be an alternative target in the treatment of EGFRvIII positive tumors and establishes phosphoproteomic analysis by mass spectrometry as a means of drug target discovery.
Optimal Duct Configuration for Incompressible Type Electrofluid-Dynamic Power Generator (1976)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeKEYWORDS: electrofluid-dynamicgenerating ductconversion efficiencyoptimizationenthalpyEuler's equationconfigurationelectric generators
Trehalose‐6‐phosphate synthase 1, which catalyses the first step in trehalose synthesis, is essential for <i>Arabidopsis</i> embryo maturation (2002)

Despite the recent discovery that trehalose synthesis is widespread in higher plants very little is known about its physiological significance. Here we report on an Arabidopsis mutant (tps1), disrupted in a gene encoding the first enzyme of trehalose biosynthesis (trehalose-6-phosphate synthase). The tps1 mutant is a recessive embryo lethal. Embryo morphogenesis is normal but development is retarded and stalls early in the phase of cell expansion and storage reserve accumulation. TPS1 is transiently up-regulated at this same developmental stage and is required for the full expression of seed maturation marker genes (2S2 and OLEOSN2). Sucrose levels also increase rapidly in seeds during the onset of cell expansion. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae trehalose-6-phosphate (T-6-P) is required to regulate sugar influx into glycolysis via the inhibition of hexokinase and a deficiency in TPS1 prevents growth on sugars (Thevelein and Hohmann, 1995). The growth of Arabidopsis tps1-1 embryos can be partially rescued in vitro by reducing the sucrose level. However, T-6-P is not an inhibitor of AtHXK1 or AtHXK2. Nor does reducing hexokinase activity rescue tps1-1 embryo growth. Our data establish for the first time that an enzyme of trehalose metabolism is essential in plants and is implicated in the regulation of sugar metabolism/embryo development via a different mechanism to that reported in S. cerevisiae.
C-Reactive Protein Stimulated Spleen Cells Transfer Suppression of Experimental Immune Thrombocytopenia (53.9) (2007)

Abstract C-reactive protein (CRP) is an innate recognition molecule, which regulates immune responses by interaction with FcγR. CRP suppresses inflammation and autoimmunity in diverse experimental models. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune disease in which platelets are cleared by splenic macrophages through FcγR. IVIG is used to treat human ITP. IVIG induces dendritic cells to transfer suppression of ITP (Siragam et al., 2006, Nat Med). In this study, splenocytes were treated with 200 μg/ml CRP or BSA or 1.8 mg/ml IVIG for 30 min, washed and transferred to naïve recipients. After 24 h, ITP was induced by injection of anti-CD41 mAb. Platelets were counted 24 h later. Anti-CD41 decreased platelet counts from 945±29 to 312±61 x 103/mm3. Platelet counts in recipients of 106 treated spleen cells were: BSA, 225±35; CRP, 672±25; and IVIG 590±35. Spleen cells from FcR γ-chain−/− or FcγRI−/− mice treated with CRP or IVIG were not protective and no protection was observed in FcγRIIb−/− mice. Macrophage depletion in vivo by Clodronate liposome treatment of the donor eliminated protection by CRP (363±9, p&lt;0.001 vs CRP), but not IVIG (560±38). Thus, CRP treatment of spleen cells in vitro generates a cell that transfers suppression of ITP. Generation of this cell by CRP is dependent on FcγRI and macrophages. The findings allow for the characterization of the cells involved in the immunoregulatory properties of CRP.
Effect of Sibutramine on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Overweight and Obese Subjects (2010)

Subjects with preexisting cardiovascular conditions who were receiving long-term sibutramine treatment had an increased risk of nonfatal myocardial infarction and nonfatal stroke but not of cardiovascular death or death from any cause. (Funded by Abbott; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00234832.)
5-(Thien-2-yl)-2′-deoxyuridine: A New and Potent Inhibitor of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Replication (1991)

Abstract 5-(Thien-2-yl)-2′-deoxyuridine, synthesized by coupling of 5-iodo-2′-deoxyuridine with 2-trimethylstannylthiophene in the presence of a Pd catalyst, shows potent anti-HSV-1 activity in vitro.
Dioxolanones. II. Lithium Aluminum Hydride Reduction of the Diketene-Acetone Adduct<sup>1</sup> (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDioxolanones. II. Lithium Aluminum Hydride Reduction of the Diketene-Acetone Adduct1Norman G. Gaylord and Daniel J. KayCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 24, 6641–6642Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01629a075https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01629a075research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views85Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Action of Low Calcemic 1 ,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Analogue EB1089 in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2001)

EB1089 completely inhibited growth of AT-84 SCC cells at nanomolar concentrations, reduced tumor growth, and did not have calcemic effects. Our results support continued investigation of EB1089 as a chemopreventive/chemotherapeutic agent for head and neck SCC.
Squamous cell carcinomatous change in a posterior fossa epidermoid: case report with a review of the literature (1996)

AbstractWe report a case of carcinomatous change in a posterior fossa epidermoid cyst with subsequent extensive leptomeningeal dissemination and the literature of this uncommon condition is reviewed.KeywordsEpidermoid Cyst Epidermoid Tumour Posterior Fossa Squamous Carcinoma
Reactivity of pseudoaromatic compounds. XI. Base-induced ring contractions of cycloheptatrienones carrying a mobile .alpha. substituent. Available pathways and competition with substitution reactions (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactivity of pseudoaromatic compounds. XI. Base-induced ring contractions of cycloheptatrienones carrying a mobile .alpha. substituent. Available pathways and competition with substitution reactionsGino. Biggi, Arie J. De Hoog, Francesco. Del Cima, and Francesco. PietraCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95, 21, 7108–7113Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00802a035https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00802a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views73Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Observations of the (1→3)-β-<scp>d</scp>-Glucan Linear Triple Helix to Macrocycle Interconversion Using Noncontact Atomic Force Microscopy (1998)

The (1→3)-β-d-glucans (scleroglucan, schizophyllan, lentinan, etc.) are of interest for their immunostimulatory activity. The native polymer dissolves in water as very stiff and stable triple-stranded helices, which can be dissociated to single strand random coils by heating to 135 °C. When the single-stranded material is returned to temperatures favoring formation of the triple helix, various structures are formed depending on polymer concentration and thermal history. With suitable annealing at sufficiently low polymer concentration, much of the renatured material appears as macrocycles with diameters that can reach several tens of nanometers; under the same conditions, the remaining material adopts a stiff linear molecular architecture that strongly resembles the linear triple helical starting material. The relative numbers of linear and cyclic species and the respective distributions of contour lengths and thicknesses were measured as a function of the annealing temperature using noncontact atomic force microscopy. The ratio of cyclic to linear species declines from about 2 to 0.5 as the annealing temperature rises from 70 to 130 °C. The mean lengths and thicknesses of both species are essentially constant over the same temperature range, but both the mean contour length and mean thickness are greater for the linear than for the cyclic species. These results are interpreted qualitatively in terms of a model for the renatured material that recognizes in the multistranded cyclic species a free energetic advantage arising from a structural degeneracy lacking in the linear forms. This degeneracy compensates effectively for the energetic and entropic barriers to cycle formation in the multistranded aggregates.
Azimuthons in nonlocal nonlinear media (2006)

We demonstrate that spatial nonlocal response provides an effective physical mechanism for stabilization of recently introduced azimuthally modulated self-trapped rotating singular optical beams or azimuthons [see A. S. Desyatnikov, A. A. Sukhorukov, and Yu. S. Kivshar, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 203904 (2005)]. We find that stable azimuthons become possible when the nonlocality parameter exceeds a certain threshold value and, in a sharp contrast to local media, the azimuthons with N peaks can also exist for N < 2m, where m is the azimuthon topological charge.
Irbesartan Fails to Prevent Most Vascular Events in Patients with AF (2009)

In the Atrial Fibrillation Clopidogrel Trial with Irbesartan for Prevention of Vascular Events [ACTIVE-I; NCT00249795], treatment with irbesartan failed to lower the risk of stroke, myocardial infarction, and vascular death compared with placebo in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, irbesartan may have a role in preventing heart failure, recurrent embolic events, and cardiovascular hospitalizations in patients with AF.
A Study on Forging of Hypoid Gear (2004)

This study is related to the theory and calculation of tooth surface of Gleason type Hypoid gear. Numerical data are calculated and used for CAD/CAM Systems for forging of Hypoid gear. New idea for crowning to obtain conjugate point contact especially for forging is proposed.
Superposition Principle and Reciprocity for Pressure Transient Analysis of Data from Interfering Wells (2007)

Abstract Based on a linearized model for the isothermal flow of a single, compressible phase through a reservoir of arbitrary shape with impermeable or constant-pressure boundaries and spatially varying, anisotropic rock properties, we develop a multi-well extension of the superposition principle and re-examine the question of reciprocity between wells which may be modelled as point sinks or as extended sinks. In the latter case, we find that the answer depends on the wellbore boundary conditions: Reciprocity holds for infinite conductivity wells, but fails to hold for spatially uniform sink strength. We also derive a multi-well generalization of the fractional transform in the Laplace domain which adds skin and wellbore storage to a reservoir model and find that its impact on reciprocity is neutral: It preserves reciprocity if it holds for the reservoir model.
Active Enhancement of Wind Turbine Blades Performance (2008)

The feasibility of using synthetic jet actuators to enhance the performance of wind turbine blades was explored in wind tunnel experiments. Using this technique, the global flow field over the blade was altered such that flow separation was mitigated. This, in turn, resulted in a significant decrease in the vibration of the blade. Global flow measurements were conducted, where the moments and forces on the blade were measured using a six component wall-mounted load cell. The effect of the actuation was also examined on the surface static pressure at two spanwise locations; near the blade’s root and near the tip. In addition, Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) technique was used to quantify the flow field over the blade. Using synthetic jets, the flow over the blade was either fully or partially reattached, depending on the angle of attack and the Reynolds number. Furthermore, the changes induced on the moments and forces, as well as on the blades vibrations were found to be proportionally controlled by either changing the momentum coefficient, the number of synthetic jets used, or by the driving waveform. Finally, a proof-of-concept closed-loop control system was developed to test the ability of using synthetic jet actuators to restore and maintain flow attachment and reduce the vibrations in the blade during dynamic pitch. The synthetic jets were switched on when the root strain vibration spectrum exceeds a predetermined threshold at a given frequency. While the control system implementation used is simplistic, it demonstrated the ability of synthetic jet actuators to reduce blade’s vibrations (by restoring and maintaining attached flow) during the dynamic motion, analogous to the wind gusts seen in wind turbine operation.
Biocompatibility of Peritoneal Dialysis Fluid and Influence of Compositions on Peritoneal Fibrosis (2006)

Conventional peritoneal dialysis fluid (PDF) is a bioincompatible solution because of several components. These unphysiological compositions might contribute to the development of peritoneal fibrosis. In the present overview we summarize the influence of each composition of PDF (acidic pH, high concentration of glucose and glucose degradation products; advanced glycation end-products and lactate) on the peritoneal fibrotic changes in long peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. We also summarized the report of new approaches to the prevention of peritoneal fibrosis in Japan.