gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mapping the fourth dimension: a ten year retrospective (2008)

This article reviews some approaches to spatio-temporal modeling and visualization techniques developed over the last decade as part of the Electronic Cultural Atlas Initiative (ECAI) and the TimeMap project. Heurist, an academic social bookmarking application developed by the Archaeological Computing Laboratory (ACL) at the University of Sydney over the past three years, inherits much of this work, and moves beyond in modeling networks of relationships between events, providing a capable infrastructure for developing spatio-temporal visualizations of historical data. It handles a full range of structured bibliographic records and provides a rich, expansible set of database record types, controlled data entry forms, record linking and a wide variety of search and output capabilities, including maps and timelines. As for the future, the challenge is to develop methods of visualization which combine the simple, intuitive nature of a timeline with the essential relatedness of historical events, while also representing their spatial location. Incorporating such visualizations into a pedagogical approach to history can be used to enrich museums and classroom teaching.
Cal una alfabetització científica (2006)

Durant moltes decades se?ns ha format en la contraposicio de les lletres amb les ciencies. Cadascuna d?aquesta antonimia tenia un public, unes caracteristiques i unes consequencies. Inclus avui en dia, les carreres d?un signe o d'un altre gaudeixen del seu simbolisme i gran part del professorat esta molt orgullos del seu taranna. Aixo no obstant, i encara que lentament, l?actualitat ens va oferint un mon divers on les linies de separacio es van fent mes borroses i on el treball en equip i la interdisciplinarietat es cada vegada mes necessaris, perque els problemes reals, i no els de despatx, son complexos i afecten a diferents ambits.
From logic to symbolic layout for gate matrix (1992)

Gate matrix is a style which allows random logic layout to be performed in a regular manner. An algorithm is introduced which uses logic equations to determine a gate sequence and a set of nets which optimize the layout area. Using logic equations allows the reordering of transistors in a completely general manner. Previous work which uses dynamic net list and the concept of delayed binding performs only a small subset of the reordering possible with the proposed algorithm. The proposed algorithm uses a net-list-independent technique to determine the gate sequence. An optimized net list is created after the gate sequence is known. The algorithm has a time complexity of O(E log E) for a design with E logic equations. The experimental results show a considerable reduction in layout area.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
<i>R</i> 2 Line Optical Maser Action in Ruby (1962)

Optical maser action at the R2 line in ruby has been observed. Because of a fast thermal relaxation between the two 2E levels, it is not usually possible to satisfy the maser conditions at the R2 line when stimulated emission is occurring at the R1 line. However, if maser action can be suppressed at the R1 line, even at high inversion, it can be made to occur at the R2 line by the appropriate selection of operating conditions. This has been accomplished by using, for end reflectors, multilayer dielectric interference filters which have high transmission at the R1 line and low transmission at the R2 line. The selection of the operating conditions requires a correction of the absorption coefficients for the R1 and R2 lines based on the Boltzmann distribution between the two excited states. When the Boltzmann correction is made, the calculations show reasonable requirements on pumping threshold and reflectivities.
Optimization-based automatic parameter tuning for stereo vision (2015)

Stereo vision is an important 3D sensing technique for producing dense point clouds required for robotic navigation and manipulation. It can provide excellent depth resolution at high frame rates and is potentially smaller, cheaper and consumes less power than systems using active sensor devices, due to its use of standard imaging components like cameras. However, stereo vision system can generate high quality point clouds only when its parameters are appropriately tuned. To tune these parameters manually is not only tedious but also challenging, due to the large number of parameters and their non-linear effect on the depth map quality. In this paper, we present an optimization-based method to automatically tune the stereo parameters. In particular, we first adjust the disparity range to ensure the entire scene can be covered in the resultant depth map, and then use non-linear optimization to refine other parameters for the optimal depth map quality. Our tuning process is efficient and can update adaptively according to changing environment. Experiments on the teleoperation tasks using the Atlas robot validate our approach, and demonstrate the improvement it brings for the teleoperation effectiveness.
LC-NMR: Expanding the Limits of Structure Elucidation (2013)

"A practical guide to addressing problems in natural products chemistry, synthetic reaction impurities, degradants, and metabolite investigations. This edition includes implementation and application of qNMR and automated and practical use of computational chemistry combined with QM and DFT to predict highly accurate NMR chemical shifts."
Modeling and simulating a software architecture design space (1997)

Frequently, a similar type of software system is used in the implementation of many different software applications. Databases are an example. Two software development approaches are common to Ãll the need for instances from a class of similar systems: (1) repeated custom development of similar instances, one for each different application, or (2) development of one or more general purpose off-the-shelf systems that are used many times in the different applications. Each approach has advantages and disadvantages. Custom development can closely match the requirements of an application, but has an associated high development cost. General purpose systems may have a lower cost when amortized across multiple applications, but may not closely match the requirements of all the different applications. It can be difÃcult for application developers to determine which approach is best for their application. Do any of the existing off-the-shelf systems sufÃciently satisfy the application requirements? If so, which ones provide the best match? Would a custom implementation be sufÃciently better to justify the cost difference between an off-the-shelf solution? These difÃcult buy-versus-build decisions are extremely important in todayÃs fastpaced, competitive, unforgiving software application market. In this thesis we propose and study a software engineering approach for evaluating how well off-the-shelf and custom software architectures within the design space of a class of OODB systems satisfy the requirements for different applications. The approach is based on the ability to explicitly enumerate and represent the key dimensions of commonality and variability in the space of OODB designs. We demonstrate that modeling and simulation of OODB software architectures can be used to help software developers rapidly converge on OODB requirements for an application and identify OODB software architectures that satisfy those requirements. The technical focus of this work is on the circular relationships between requirements, software architectures, and system properties such as OODB functionality, size, and performance. We capture these relationships in a parametrized OODB architectural model, together with an OODB simulation and modeling tool that allows software developers to reÃne application requirements on an OODB, identify corresponding custom and offthe- shelf OODB software architectures, evaluate how well the software architecture properties satisfy the application requirements, and identify potential reÃnements to requirements.
110. Acenaphthene series. Part I. Mono- and di-tert.-butyl-acenaphthene, -acenaphthenequinone, and -naphthalic anhydride, and their derivatives (1942)

A. T. Peters, J. Chem. Soc., 1942, 562 DOI: 10.1039/JR9420000562
<i>Determination of Number and Size of Particles by Electrical Gating: Blood Cells</i> (1957)

An instrument is described which applies principles of electrical gating to the problem of particle counting. Cells are suspended in an electrically conducting medium which flows through a small aperture. The relatively nonconductive cells cause a voltage drop as they pass through the apperture. The resulting pulses are amplified and appear on an oscilloscope. Those exceeding a given threshold level are recorded on a decade counter. A 1/50,000 dilution of whole blood in normal saline results in the enumeration of about 50,000 red cells in 0.5 cc. The instrument count must be corrected upward because of the occasional passage through the aperture of two or more cells simultaneously. This coincidence follows the Poisson distribution and can be corrected for by a calibration curve. The instrument demonstrated excellent reproducibility. Instrument counts, corrected by a dilution calibration curve, were consistently lower than the mean of multiple hemocytometer counts. However, the hemocytometer counts performed in this laboratory were found to be subject to a systematic error arising from technique of hemocytometer loading. The error is believed to result from planar concentration of cells flowing into the chamber. Since a relationship exists between the pulse height and particle size, a type of size distribution curve may be obtained by taking successive counts at increasing threshold heights. By this means, the number of pulses of a given increment of height may be obtained which when plotted against threshold level results essentially in a first derivative of the original curve. Thus one obtains a pulse height distribution curve related to the size distribution of the particles. These curves have been found quite similar to Price-Jones curves on a number of blood samples of various origin. Preliminary studies in white cell counting are presented. Saponin has been used to effectively hemolyze and stromatolyze erythrocytes apparently without serious damage to leucocytes. Instrumental and hemocytometer white cell counts were found to be in reasonably good agreement. Submitted on June 25, 1956
160. The iodine-catalysed conversion of sucrose into 5-hydroxy-methylfurfuraldehyde (1960)

T. G. Bonner, E. J. Bourne and M. Ruszkiewicz, J. Chem. Soc., 1960, 787 DOI: 10.1039/JR9600000787
[Microbial breakdown of caffeine (author's transl)]. (1976)

A bacterium, capable of growing aerobically with caffeine as its sole source of carbon and nitrogen, was isolated from soil and identified as Pseudomonas putida sp. The breakdown of caffeine begins with stepwise demethylation, which leads via various N-methyl-purines to xanthine each step yielding formaldehyde. Xanthine is then broken down via uric acid, allantoin, allantoic acid and further intermediates to urea and glyoxylic acid, which serves as the actual source of carbon.
Computerized Progressive Attentional Training (CPAT) Program: Effective Direct Intervention for Children with ADHD (2006)

We tested the efficacy of a pioneering intervention program grounded in a contemporary theoretical framework of attention and designed to directly improve the various attentional functions of children with ADHD. The computerized progressive attentional training (CPAT) program is composed of four sets of structured tasks that uniquely activate sustained attention, selective attention, orienting of attention, and executive attention. Performance was driven by tight schedules of feedback and participants automatically advanced in ordered levels of difficulty contingent upon performance. Twenty 6- to 13-year-old children with ADHD were assigned to the experimental group and received the CPAT sessions twice a week over an 8-week period. Sixteen age-matched control children with ADHD were assigned to the control group and participated in sessions of the same frequency, length, and format except that instead of performing the training tasks they played various computer games during the session. The experimental participants showed a significant improvement in nontrained measures of reading comprehension, and passage copying as well as a significant reduction of parents' reports of inattentiveness. No significant improvements were observed in the control group. We thus concluded that the above academic and attentional improvements were primarily due to the CPAT.
Mechanism of formation of (.alpha.,.beta.) unsaturated aldehyde- and ketone-iron tricarbonyl complexes from the corresponding iron-tetracarbonyl complexes (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanism of formation of (.alpha.,.beta.) unsaturated aldehyde- and ketone-iron tricarbonyl complexes from the corresponding iron-tetracarbonyl complexesG. CardaciCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 6, 1412–1415Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00839a023https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00839a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views103Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Multiple fault diagnostics for communicating nondeterministic finite state machines (2002)

During the last decade, different methods were developed to produce optimized test sequences for detecting faults in, communication protocol implementations. However, the application of these methods gives only limited information about the location of detected faults. We propose a complementary step, which localizes the faults, once detected. It consists of a generalized diagnostic algorithm for the case where more than one fault may be present in the transitions of a system represented by communicating nondeterministic finite state machines, if existing faults are detected, this algorithm permits the generation of a minimal set of diagnoses, each of which is formed by a set of transitions suspected of being faulty. A simple example is used to demonstrate the functioning of the proposed diagnostic algorithm. The complexity of each step in the algorithm are calculated.
A Mobile Cloud Computing Middleware for Low Latency Offloading of Big Data (2015)

Recent years have witnessed an explosive growth of mobile applications. Thanks to improved network connectivity, it becomes a promising enabling solution to offload computation-intensive applications to the resource abundant public cloud to further augment the capacity of resource-constrained devices. As mobile applications usually have QoS requirements, it is critical to provide low latency services to the mobile users while maintain low leasing cost of cloud resources. However, the resources offered by cloud vendors are usually charged based on a time quanta while the offloading demand for heavy-lifting computation may occur infrequently on mobile devices. This mismatch would demotivate users to resort to public cloud for computation offloading. In this paper, we design a computation offloading middleware which bridges the aforementioned gap between cloud vendors and mobile clients, providing offloading service to multiple users with low cost and delay. The proposed middleware has two key components: Task Scheduler and Instance Manager. The Task Scheduler dispatches the received offloading tasks to execute in the instances reserved by the Instance Manager. Based on the arrival pattern of offloading tasks, the Instance Manager dynamically changes the number of instances to ensure certain service grade of mobile users. Our proposed mechanisms are validated through numerical results. It is shown that a lower average delay can be achieved through proposed scheduling heuristic, and the number of reserved instances well adapts to the offloading demands.
Heat treatment and characterization of Yb doped barium cerate prepared via sol-Gel technique (2009)

The BaCe0.95Yb0.05O2.975 compound was successfully prepared by the sol-gel method using metal acetate salts as starting
materials. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) results showed that the carbonate ions residue almost disappeared at
calcination temperature of 1300oC. Particles size of the final calcined powder obtained from particle size distribution was in the range of 300 – 450 nm. Diameter of grains for the sintered pellet (relative density !85%) obtained from scanning electron microscope was between 2 – 5 μm. It is interesting to note that eliminating the carbonate ions residue enhanced the mechanical and chemical stability of the sample.
Barnett Shale gas production, Fort Worth Basin: Issues and discussion (2007)

Newark East (Barnett Shale) field, Fort Worth Basin, Texas, is currently the most productive gas field in Texas in terms of daily production and is growing at an annual rate of more than 10%. However, despite the fact that the Barnett play has been studied intensely by very capable geologists and engineers from several companies over a period of many years, there continues to be several misunderstandings concerning fundamental factors controlling the success of the Barnett play of north Texas. Barnett gas production is poorer in areas near faults and structural flexures (anticlines and synclines). Fractures, which are most abundant in these structural settings, are detrimental to Barnett production. Open natural fractures are rare in the Barnett and have little or nothing to do with Barnett productivity. In areas where Barnett Shale is thermally mature with respect to gas generation, it is slightly overpressured (about 0.52 psi/ft [11.76 kPa/m]). Limestone beds within the Barnett formation are the product of debris flows that originated on a carbonate shelf to the north of the present basin center. It appears that the Barnett can be used as an exploration model for other basins, especially analogous basins of the Ouachita trend. The history of the development of the Barnett reservoir in north Texas provides an excellent example of how persistence can lead to success in nonconventional gas plays.
A comparison of texture models for automatic liver segmentation (2007)

Automatic liver segmentation from abdominal computed tomography (CT) images based on gray levels or shape alone is difficult because of the overlap in gray-level ranges and the variation in position and shape of the soft tissues. To address these issues, we propose an automatic liver segmentation method that utilizes low-level features based on texture information; this texture information is expected to be homogenous and consistent across multiple slices for the same organ. Our proposed approach consists of the following steps: first, we perform pixel-level texture extraction; second, we generate liver probability images using a binary classification approach; third, we apply a split-and-merge algorithm to detect the seed set with the highest probability area; and fourth, we apply to the seed set a region growing algorithm iteratively to refine the liver's boundary and get the final segmentation results. Furthermore, we compare the segmentation results from three different texture extraction methods (Co-occurrence Matrices, Gabor filters, and Markov Random Fields (MRF)) to find the texture method that generates the best liver segmentation. From our experimental results, we found that the co-occurrence model led to the best segmentation, while the Gabor model led to the worst liver segmentation. Moreover, co-occurrence texture features alone produced approximately the same segmentation results as those produced when all the texture features from the combined co-occurrence, Gabor, and MRF models were used. Therefore, in addition to providing an automatic model for liver segmentation, we also conclude that Haralick cooccurrence texture features are the most significant texture characteristics in distinguishing the liver tissue in CT scans.
The Second Reported Kindred with Hereditary Resistance to Oral Anticoagulant Drugs (1970)

In this second reported kindred of hereditary resistance to oral anticoagulant drugs the propositus required 75 to 80 mg of sodium warfarin a day (25 standard deviations above the average dose) to achieve hypoprothrombinemia in the therapeutic range. With this dose, the hypoprothrombinemia could be corrected with daily doses of vitamin K1 of as little as 0.125 mg. Seventeen other family members had an equally resistant response to the oral anticoagulant drugs. The metabolism of sodium warfarin and the vitamin-K-dependent clotting factors were entirely normal. The pharmacologic mechanism for the resistance is a mutation of the receptor site for vitamin K and oral anticoagulants. The genetic data for the resistant response in both human kindreds indicate the dominant expression of a single gene located on an autosomal chromosome.
Bücher und Computersoftware (1997)

Rezensionen zu: S.G. Vladut: Kronecker’s Jugendtraum and Modular Functions. Translated from the Russian by M. Tsfasman. X + 411 Seiten, Ł 46.–, $ 90.00. Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, 1991; ISBN 2-88124-754-7; und zu: H.H. Storrer: Einführung in die mathematische Behandlung der Naturwissenschaften II. 376 Seiten, sFr. 39, DM 48. Birkhäuser-Verlag, 1995; ISBN 3-7643-5325-2
Disaggregative Clustering Using the Concept of Mutual Nearest Neighborhood (1978)

A nonparametric, hierarchical, disaggregative clustering algorithm is developed using a novel similarity measure, called the mutual neighborhood value (MNV), which takes into account the conventional nearest neighbor ranks of two samples with respect to each other. The algorithm is simple, noniterative, requires low storage, and needs no specification of the expected number of clusters. The algorithm appears very versatile as it is capable of discerning spherical and nonspherical clusters, linearly nonseparable clusters, clusters with unequal populations, and clusters with lowdensity bridges. Changing of the neighborhood size enables discernment of strong or weak patterns.
An analysis of notification related specifications for Web/grid applications (2005)

Notification is especially important in the service oriented architecture (SOA) model engendered by Web services, where Web services interact with each other through the exchange of messages. In this paper we compare and contrast two competing specifications in the area of notifications. The first one, WS-notification, is part of the Web service resource framework (WSRF). The second one is the WS-eventing specification. These specifications are expected to have far reaching implications on the development of asynchronous, complex, dynamic systems.