gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pseudomonas aeruginosa GroEL Stimulates Production of PTX3 by Activating the NF-κB Pathway and Simultaneously Downregulating MicroRNA-9 (2016)

As one of the first lines of host defense, monocytes play important roles in clearing infected microbes. The defensive response is triggered by recognition of diverse microbial moieties, including released factors, which modulate host immune responses to establish a harsh environment for clinically important bacterial pathogens. In this study, we found that the expression of PTX3, a soluble form of pattern recognition receptor, was induced by infection with live <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> or treatment of cells with its supernatant. <i>P. aeruginosa</i> GroEL, a homolog of heat shock protein 60, was identified as one of the factors responsible for inducing the expression of <i>PTX3</i> in host cells. GroEL induced <i>PTX3</i> expression by activating the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-dependent pathway via nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), while simultaneously inhibiting expression of microRNA-9, which targets the <i>PTX3</i> transcript. Finally, by acting as an opsonin, GroEL-induced PTX3 promoted the association and phagocytosis of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> into macrophages. These data suggest that the host defensive environment is supported by the production of PTX3 in response to GroEL, which thus has therapeutic potential for clearance of bacterial infections.
Interobserver and Intraobserver Variability of Standardized Uptake Value Measurements in Non–small-cell Lung Cancer (2006)

There was excellent interobserver and intraobserver agreement in SUVs measured in the study environment but poor agreement between study SUVs and those documented in original reports, which can affect treatment decisions substantially.
Physicochemical and nutritional properties of high protein emulsion‐type lupin‐based model milk alternatives: effect of protein source and homogenization pressure (2021)

These results indicate that protein source and processing can influence functional properties significantly along with product stability, and this is an important consideration when formulating high-protein milk alternatives. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Anthrax of the Thigh Treated by Operation: Recovery (1900)

A1RTHBAX OF THIIGH.[TI A H757a.few small scars, some thickening of the hepatic capsule, or slight perihepatitis may be the only morbid features percep- tible externally on post-nortem examination.This fact is of great importance in its bearing upon diagnosis.There may be no suspicious history, nothing whatever distinctive in the physical signs made out during life.The condition of the liver, as ascertained by examination of the abdomen may correspond exactly with that of an ordinary alcoholic cir- rhosis.Another feature of syphilitic cirrhosis is the degree of peri- hepatitis and local peritonitis in the region of the liver.This condition of general perihepatitis, with extension to neigh- bouring stractures, is far more marked in connection with
Smart Sensing Uniforms for Emergency Operators (2008)

Textile integration of smart sensor systems is the key technology for the success of future e-garments oriented to emergency operators. Ubiquitous recording and transmission of human and environmental data will allow combining comfort and protection leveraging with the existing smart textile, microelectronics and telecommunication technologies. The challenge offered by emergency situation is mainly in the difficulty to acquire data in a very aggressive environment, during hard physical activity; conditions that will increase the risks of signals artefacts, as well as the presence of positive and negative false events. Security is addressed through the implementation of systems combining body sensing platform, for health alertness and environment sensing platform for context awareness; the full system has also to guarantee protective functionality. State of art textile technology allows the monitoring of heart and respiratory rate, humidity rate, activity rate, GSR and EMG, while core and external temperature, posture via accelerometers, absolute position via GPS are easily monitored through standard sensors. The body sensing platform requires a direct contact with the operator skin leading to the implementation of a sensing inner garment, at the same time environment platform are integrated in a protective jacket that is also hosting the alarm systems and the electronic unit for signal processing and transmission hardware. This paper is reporting about a study done with a pioneer e-textile system named Wealthy on healthy subjects during extreme conditions. Wealthy platform is currently evolving in a new one, specially designed for emergency scenarios, developed in the frame of the project Proetex, a preliminary description of the new system is presented; the new system that is under first testing phase, has been designed to be used without interfering with operator activities.
NONLINEAR FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF COUPLED HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER PROBLEMS WITH AN APPLICATION TO TIMBER DRYING* (1990)

A finite element formulation and solution of a set of nonlinear coupled heat and mass transfer equations for porous capillary media is presented. The model considers temperature and moisture dependent material properties and can accomodate diffusion of moisture as either a liquid or a vapor. Application was made to drying of timber and predicted results agreed well with the experimental data.
Thermal lensing and depolarization in a highly pumped Nd:YAG laser amplifier (1993)

Thermally induced lensing and depolarization by an Nd:YAG amplifier rod with a maximum pump power of 8 kW were measured. The beam waist position exhibited a nonlinear dependence on the pump power. From this, a linear relation between the refractive index change and pump power is derived, considering the propagation of the Gaussian probe beam in the laser rod with a quadratic index profile. The measured degree of polarization behind the laser rod confirms the thermal lens result that refractive index changes depend linearly on the pump power. Pumping above 5 kW leads to deviations of the refractive index distribution in the rod from radial symmetry.
Approximate models for the study of nonstationary queues and their applications to communication networks (2002)

The authors present numerical-methods-based techniques to model multiclass Markovian traffic, with and without priority, in ATM (asynchronous transfer mode) networks. The use of these methods is validated, under stationary and nonstationary traffic patterns, with simulation. The models developed are quite accurate, and provide substantial saving in computational time over the simulations done to validate the model. An illustrative application of the models to an ATM network is presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Use of epoxidized natural rubber as a compatibilizer in silica-filled natural rubber tire tread compounds = Verwendung von epoxydiertem Naturkautschuk als Verträglichkeitsvermittler in Zusammensetzungen aus kieselsäuregefülltem Naturkautschuk für Reifenlaufflächen (2012)

Silica-reinforced natural rubber (NR) tire tread compounds with epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) as a compatibilizer are investigated. ENR contents of 2.5-15.0 phr, with epoxide levels of 10, 38 and 51 mol%, are used. The addition of ENRs, especially ENR-38 and ENR-51, as compatibilizers decreases the Mooney viscosity and Payne effect (i.e. filler-filler interaction), which implies an improvement of silica dispersion in the compounds. Chemically bound rubber contents of the compounds, indicative for interaction/reaction between the epoxidegroups of the ENR and silanol-groups on the silica surfaces, also increase with higher epoxide-contents of the ENR. Raising the ENR contents and mole% of epoxide prolongs cure and scorch times of the silica-filled compounds, when compared with a silica-filled NRcompound without ENR. Tensile strength of vulcanizates is improved with increasing mole% of epoxide, and an optimum value is observed when 7.5 phr of ENR-51 was used. The results show overall, that the properties of silica-reinforced NR can be substantially improved by adding ENR as a compatibilizer, when compared with a compound without.
Determination of free carbon collected on high-volume glass fiber filter (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of free carbon collected on high-volume glass fiber filterVed P. Kukreja and John L. BoveCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1976, 10, 2, 187–189Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es60113a006https://doi.org/10.1021/es60113a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views63Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Simple Cardinal Characteristics of the Continuum (1994)

We classify many cardinal characteristics of the continuum according to the complexity, in the sense of descriptive set theory, of their definitions. The simplest characteristics (boldface Sigma^0_2 and, under suitable restrictions, Pi^0_2) are shown to have pleasant properties, related to Baire category. We construct models of set theory where (unrestricted) boldface Pi^0_2-characteristics behave quite chaotically and no new characteristics appear at higher complexity levels. We also discuss some characteristics associated with partition theorems and we present, in an appendix, a simplified proof of Shelah's theorem that the dominating number is less than or equal to the independence number.
Impact of PID on industrial rooftop PV-installations (2017)

Potential induced degradation (PID) causes severe damage and financial losses even in modern PV-installations. In Germany, approximately 19% of PV-installations suffer from PID and resulting power loss. This paper focuses on the impact of PID in real installations and how different evaluated time intervals influence the performance ratio (PR) and the determined degradation rate. The analysis focuses exemplarily on a 314 kWp PV-system in the Atlantic coastal climate. IR-imaging is used for identifying PID without operation interruption. Historic electric performance data are available from a monitoring system for several years on system level, string level as well as punctually measured module string IV- curves. The data sets are combined for understanding the PID behavior of this PV plant. The number of PID affected cells within a string varies strongly between 1 to 22% with the string position on the building complex. With increasing number of PID-affected cells the performance ratio decreases down to 60% for daily and monthly periods. Local differences in PID evolution rates are identified. An average PR-reduction of -3.65% per year is found for the PV-plant. On the string level the degradation rate varied up to 8.8% per year depending on the string position and the time period. The analysis reveals that PID generation and evolution in roof-top installations on industrial buildings with locally varying operation conditions can be fairly complex. The results yield that local operating conditions, e.g. ambient weather conditions as well as surrounding conditions on an industrial building, seem to have a dominating impact on the PID evolution rate.
A Combinatorial Model of Two-Sided Search (2018)

We study a new model of combinatorial group testing: the item to be found (a.k.a. the target) occupies an unknown node in a graph. At each time instant, we can test (or query) a subset of the nodes and learn whether the target occupies any of such nodes. Immediately after the result of the test is available, the target can move to any node adjacent to its present location. The search finishes when we are able to locate the object with some predefined accuracy [Formula: see text] (a parameter fixed beforehand), i.e., to indicate a set of [Formula: see text] nodes that includes the location of the object. In this paper we study two types of problems related to the above model: (i) what is the minimum value of the accuracy parameter for which a search strategy in the above sense exists; (ii) given the accuracy, what is the minimum number of tests that allow to locate the target. We study these questions on paths, cycles, and trees as underlying graphs and provide tight answers for the above questions. We also consider a restricted variant of the problem, where the number of moves of the target is bounded.
Coordination Polymers with π‐Stacked Metalloparacyclophane Motifs: F‐Shaped Mixed‐Coordination Dinuclear Connectors (2007)

Molekulare Buchstaben: Koordinationspolymere mit ungewöhnlichen F-förmigen, zweikernigen CuI-Brücken und zu π-Stapeln angeordneten Metallocyclophaneinheiten wurden in einer Eintopfsynthese aus ihren molekularen Bestandteilen aufgebaut (siehe Bild; dppm = Bis(diphenylphosphanyl)methan; Cu rosa, C grau, H weiß, N blau, P rot). Ein mögliches Intermediat wurde isoliert und charakterisiert, woraus zu schließen ist, dass die Koordinationspolymere in einem vielstufigen Selbstorganisationsprozess entstehen. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2007/z702756_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
In-Air finger motion interface for mobile devices with vibration feedback (2014)

In this paper, we propose the ‘in-air finger motion interface’, which solves a problem users face in interacting with mobile devices. The interface uses only a single small camera to track the three-dimensional (3D) position of the user's finger. The finger region is robustly extracted by using flashing infrared light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and by obtaining the difference image between an illuminated image and a nonilluminated image. The movement of the finger is modeled by transformation of a finger image, and its parameters are accurately estimated by iterative template matching. As a result of the evaluation, an operating area 131% larger than the size of the display and accuracy of input action of 0.6 mm in the x-direction are realized. Finally, to investigate the effect of vibration feedback, we conducted a study and found that vibration feedback significantly reduces the average time to finish the task as well as the number of input errors. © 2014 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Reactions of Carbinolamines. II.<sup>1</sup> Acylation of 1-Hydroxymethyl-1H-Benzotriazole<sup>2</sup> (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of Carbinolamines. II.1 Acylation of 1-Hydroxymethyl-1H-Benzotriazole2NORMAN G. GAYLORD and JAMES M. NAUGHTONCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1957, 22, 9, 1022–1024Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01360a006https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01360a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views101Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A New Method For Water Shut-off In High Permeability Channels (1998)

Abstract High water-cut in the produced fluids is one of the major problems facing the petroleum industry. We have developed the concept of using swelling clays for water shut-off in high permeability channels such as fractures and wormholes. In this process, swelling clays are mixed into aqueous solutions and the clay slurry is injected into high permeability channels. When contacted by formation water, the clay slurry will gel and block the fluid flow. Critical to this concept is a cation exchange process. The water composition used to make the clay slurry is controlled such that the smectite clay will not swell during mixing. This ensures that the clay slurry can flow and be pumped before entering reservoirs. Once in the reservoirs, the formation water will trigger a spontaneous cation exchange process. This will turn the clay slurry into a clay gel and subsequently block fluid flow. Systematic laboratory experiments were conducted to test this process. With a small amount of inorganic additive, a clay slurry with up to 40 wt% clays can be made to flow. Rheological properties of this clay slurry indicated that it could be easily injected into fractures and wormholes. After the cation exchange, the resulting clay gel can resist a pressure drawdown of 100–500 kPa/m in a fracture with an opening of 1 cm, and 60–300 kPa/m in a wormhole with a diameter of 5 cm. This gel strength should be sufficient for most field applications. The feasibility of using clay gel for water shut off was further demonstrated by a series of two-dimensional visualization experiments. The clay gel system is very economical and has good chemical and thermal stability. The limitations of this system are 1.) the salinity of the formation water has to be low (&lt; 5 wt%), and 2.) the system is only applicable for blocking fractures and wormholes. A patent application for this process has been filed in both the USA and Canada. Field evaluation is underway. Introduction High water-cut in produced fluids is a common problem in the petroleum industry around the world. In Alberta alone, 460 million cubic meters of water were produced in 19961. This is about 6 cubic meters of water for every cubic meter of oil produced. In US, water cut is more than 8 times oil cut in produced fluids2. In heavy oil production, the problem of watering out is more serious because the mobility ratio (of water to oil) is higher and water breakthrough is easier. Polymer gels have been used for water shut-off and conformance control in the field. For permeability modification and water shut-off in naturally fractured reservoirs, polymer gels have achieved a considerable amount of success3,4. However, polymer gels formulated for permeability modification (e.g. MARCIT) may not have sufficient strength to block big fractures and "wormholes" found in heavy oil reservoirs. The polymer gels formulated for total zone isolation (e.g. MARA-SEAL) have sufficient mechanical strength but may invade deeply into the pay zone. The polymer invading the pay zone will not only be wasted but will also plug off the pay zone.
Probing the hammerhead ribozyme structure with ribonucleases (1994)

Susceptibility to RNase digestion has been used to probe the conformation of the hammerhead ribozyme structure prepared from chemically synthesised RNAs. Less than about 1.5% of the total sample was digested to obtain a profile of RNase digestion sites. The observed digestion profiles confirmed the predicted base-paired secondary structure for the hammerhead. Digestion profiles of both cis and trans hammerhead structures were nearly identical which indicated that the structural interactions leading to self-cleavage were similar for both systems. Furthermore, the presence or absence of Mg2+ did not affect the RNase digestion profiles, thus indicating that Mg2+ did not modify the hammerhead structure significantly to induce self-cleavage. The base-paired stems I and II in the hammerhead structure were stable whereas stem III, which was susceptible to digestion, appeared to be an unstable region. The single strand domains separating the stems were susceptible to digestion with the exception of sites adjacent to guanosines; GL2.1 in the stem II loop and G12 in the conserved GAAAC sequence, which separates stems II and III. The absence of digestion at GL2.1 in the stem II hairpin loop of the hammerhead complex was maintained in uncomplexed ribozyme and in short oligonucleotides containing only the stem II hairpin region. In contrast, the G12 site became susceptible when the ribozyme was not complexed with its substrate. Overall the results are consistent with the role of Mg2+ in the hammerhead self-cleavage reaction being catalytic and not structural.
Ezrin/Radixin/Moesin Are Required for the Purinergic P2X7 Receptor (P2X7R)-dependent Processing of the Amyloid Precursor Protein (2012)

The amyloid precursor protein (APP) can be cleaved by α-secretases in neural cells to produce the soluble APP ectodomain (sAPPα), which is neuroprotective. We have shown previously that activation of the purinergic P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) triggers sAPPα shedding from neural cells. Here, we demonstrate that the activation of ezrin, radixin, and moesin (ERM) proteins is required for the P2X7R-dependent proteolytic processing of APP leading to sAPPα release. Indeed, the down-regulation of ERM by siRNA blocked the P2X7R-dependent shedding of sAPPα. We also show that P2X7R stimulation triggered the phosphorylation of ERM. Thus, ezrin translocates to the plasma membrane to interact with P2X7R. Using specific pharmacological inhibitors, we established the order in which several enzymes trigger the P2X7R-dependent release of sAPPα. Thus, a Rho kinase and the MAPK modules ERK1/2 and JNK act upstream of ERM, whereas a PI3K activity is triggered downstream. For the first time, this work identifies ERM as major partners in the regulated non-amyloidogenic processing of APP.
Application of Metal–Organic Frameworks in Fine Chemical Synthesis (2013)

This chapter contains sections titled: Metal–Organic Frameworks as Heterogeneous Catalysts Applications in Carbon–Carbon Bond Formation Applications in Oxidation, Carbon–Oxygen, and Carbon–Nitrogen Bond Formation Applications in Asymmetric Synthesis Concluding Remarks References
Antinociceptive Effect of Intrathecal Nefopam and Interaction with Morphine in Formalin-Induced Pain of Rats (2013)

This study demonstrated that i.t. nefopam produces an antinociceptive effect in formalin induced pain behavior during both phases of the formalin test, while interacting differently with i.t. morphine, synergistically during phase 1, and additively during phase 2.