gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Meniere's Disease (1955)

MENIERE'S DISEASE, when fully developed, is characterized by a triad of symptoms , a sensory-neural hearing loss, tinnitus in the diseased ear of varying intensity, and attacks of true vertigo lasting from several minutes to several hours. The auditory disturbances are usually characterized by wide fluctuations in the threshold of hearing, particularly in the lower and middle range. Tests for recruitment show it to be present in practically every case. During the attacks the threshold drops sharply but, particularly in early stages of the disease, may go back to normal within a few days or weeks. In advanced stages the fluctuations become less marked, and the hearing fails to return to normal or to improve markedly in the intervals between the attacks. A permanent and progressive hearing loss develops which, as a rule, is more marked in the lower and middle range. It may, however, extend uniformly over the entire
An impaired transendothelial migration potential of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells can be linked to ephrin-A4 expression (2009)

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cell migration into lymphoid tissues is an important aspect of the pathobiology of this disease. Here, we investigated the role of ephrin-A4 (EFNA4) in the transendothelial migration (TEM) capacity of CLL and normal B cells through interacting with endothelial EphA2 (erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular carcinoma). CLL cells showed a remarkable impairment in the adhesion to and transmigration through human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) monolayers, correlating with their higher EFNA4 expression. In vitro, TEM was mediated by EFNA4 binding to endothelial EphA2 receptor, which is highly expressed in tumor necrosis factor-alpha-activated HUVECs as well as in the CD31(+) endothelial cells of human lymph nodes. The pretreatment of CLL cells with EphA2 homodimers further impaired their adhesion to and transmigration through HUVEC monolayers, whereas pretreatment of HUVECs with EFNA4 homodimers improved those phenomena in both CLL and normal B cells, suggesting that EFNA4 signaling negatively contributed to TEM. In fact, EFNA4 signaling into CLL cells significantly reduced their adhesion to intercellular adhesion molecule 1, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, and several extracellular matrix molecules and impaired CCL-19-mediated TEM and chemotaxis. Our results suggest that EFNA4-EphA2 interactions are involved in CLL cell trafficking between blood and the tissues and therefore may become a therapeutic target in the future.
An architecture for face classification (1992)

Biometric classification techniques, in which measurements of the physical characteristics of some distinguishing feature of the individual are made, have increasing application in the security field. Examples of biometric techniques include systems based upon signatures, fingerprinting, retinal scanning, hand geometry, and facial feature extraction. Of crucial importance in the application of such techniques is their acceptability to those who will be subjected to them, with obvious advantages for techniques that do not involve the physical constraint of the subject, and are otherwise unobtrusive. Automatic face identification offers the advantages discussed above. The authors discuss previous research into face identification, and present a face identification algorithm that would be suitable for implementation in a workstation security environment.
Evaluating shared parameter mixture models for analyzing change in the presence of non-randomly missing data (2019)

Longitudinal researchers have been slow to adopt models for assessing the sensitivity of their results to potentially non-randomly missing data, opting instead to rely exclusively on more traditional approaches to modeling growth like latent curve modeling (LCM). Implicit in this choice is the strict assumption that missing data are missing at random (MAR). Failure to meet this assumption leads to inaccurate inferences regarding growth. A number of models for assessing the impact of non-randomly missing data on growth trajectory estimates have been presented over the past quarter century. These models are briefly discussed, and a new variation on some recently developed models is introduced. The shared parameter mixture model (SPMM) described here is preferable to some other models for a few reasons. Most notably, it approximates the dependence between the missing data process and the repeated measures without requiring an explicit specification of the missingness mechanism while simultaneously allowing conditional independence between the growth model and the missing data. Performance of the SPMM is evaluated using simulation methodology across a range of plausible missingness mechanisms and across a range of longitudinal data conditions. SPMM performs well when the missing data mechanism is either latent class- or growth coefficient- dependent. Fixed effect recovery is more robust than variance component recovery. The SPMM performs best with longer observation lengths and with erratically spaced missing data than with dropout. Finally, this manuscript illustrates how the SPMM might be used in practiceby analyzing change over time in psychological symptoms of patients enrolled in psychotherapy. Results are generally encouraging for SPMM performance under a range of simulated data conditions, and for feasibility with real data. Researchers who suspect the presence of random coefficient-dependent missing data are urged to consider using the SPMM to assess sensitivity of their model results to the MAR assumption.
SNARE motif: A common motif used by pathogens to manipulate membrane fusion (2010)

To penetrate host cells through their membranes, pathogens use a variety of molecular components in which the presence of heptad repeat motifs seems to be a prevailing element. Heptad repeats are characterized by a pattern of seven, generally hydrophobic, residues. In order to initiate membrane fusion, viruses use glycoproteins-containing heptad repeats. These proteins are structurally and functionally similar to the SNARE proteins known to be involved in eukaryotic membrane fusion. SNAREs also display a heptad repeat motif called the "SNARE motif". As bacterial genomes are being sequenced, microorganisms also appear to be carrying membrane proteins resembling eukaryotic SNAREs. This category of SNARE-like proteins might share similar functions and could be used by microorganisms to either promote or block membrane fusion. Such a recurrence across pathogenic organisms suggests that this architectural motif was evolutionarily selected because it most effectively ensures the survival of pathogens within the eukaryotic environment.
Changes in Nitrogen Metabolism under Stressful Conditions (2000)

Conference Abstract| October 01 2000 Changes in Nitrogen Metabolism under Stressful Conditions T. E. Lee; T. E. Lee 1Institute of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Bioengineering, NCB RK, Timiryasev St.45, Almaty, 480090, Kazakstan, Israel Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar H. S. Lips H. S. Lips *Biostress Research Laboratory, J. Blaustein Institute for Desert Researches, Department of Life Sciences (Faculty of Natural Sciences), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede-Boqer 84990, Israel Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (2000) 28 (5): A328. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst028a328a Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share MailTo Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation T. E. Lee, H. S. Lips; Changes in Nitrogen Metabolism under Stressful Conditions. Biochem Soc Trans 1 October 2000; 28 (5): A328. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst028a328a Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 2000 Biochemical Society2000 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Proving finite state machines correct with an automaton-based method (2002)

The authors present a method to prove equivalence of a pair of FSMs, described at the gate level with D-type flip-flops and a reset signal available to bring them into the all-zero initial state. This method restricts investigation to that minimum subset of states that can be reached from the reset condition and are necessary to reach the goal. The equivalence condition is expressed in theoretical terms within the framework of the product machine. Without any loss of information, it is possible to reduce the product machine to a deterministic finite automaton (DFA). considerably reducing the number of states. The DFA is dynamically built by an explicit enumeration algorithm and, in general, only a very small part of the automaton is actually considered. The equivalence condition becomes a proof of the reachability of the DFA's final state. Search is performed in breadth-first. Experimental results on some pairs of ISCAS'89 circuits are reported.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Random access in millimeter-wave beamforming cellular networks: issues and approaches (2015)

With the formidable growth of various booming wireless communication services that require ever increasing data throughputs, the conventional microwave band below 10 GHz, which is currently used by almost all mobile communication systems, is going to reach its saturation point within just a few years. Therefore, the attention of radio system designers has been pushed toward ever higher segments of the frequency spectrum in a quest for increased capacity. In this article we investigate the feasibility, advantages, and challenges of future wireless communications over the Eband frequencies. We start with a brief review of the history of the E-band spectrum and its light licensing policy as well as benefits/challenges. Then we introduce the propagation characteristics of E-band signals, based on which some potential fixed and mobile applications at the E-band are investigated. In particular, we analyze the achievability of a nontrivial multiplexing gain in fixed point-to-point E-band links, and propose an E-band mobile broadband (EMB) system as a candidate for the next generation mobile communication networks. The channelization and frame structure of the EMB system are discussed in detail.
A summary of environmental/economic dispatch algorithms (1994)

Traditionally electric power systems are operated in such a way that the total fuel cost is minimized regardless of emissions produced. With increased requirements for environmental protection, alternative strategies are required. This paper presents a summary of algorithms of environmental-economic dispatch in electric power systems since 1970. The algorithms attempt to reduce the production of atmospheric emissions such as NO/sub x/ and SO/sub x/ caused by the operation of fossil-fueled thermal generation. Such reduction is achieved by including emissions either as a constraint or as a weighted function the objective of the overall dispatching problem.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Hepatic oxygen consumption and cytochrome P450 activity in experimental faecal peritonitis. (1993)

Hepatic VO2 did increase during sepsis, possibly because of the increased metabolic demand. Cytochrome P450 activity was unaffected by the septic challenge.
Effects of Ovariectomy on the Neuroendocrine Axes Regulating Reproduction and Energy Balance in Young Cynomolgus Macaques (2004)

Degeneration of the ovary in middle-aged women results in castrate levels of ovarian steroids and increased gonadotropin secretion from the anterior pituitary gland. Ageing in women is also accompanied by significant changes in energy homeostasis. We have observed alterations in hypothalamic morphology and gene expression in older women, including hypertrophy and increased gene expression of neurokinin B (NKB) neurones, elevated levels of gonadotropin releasing-hormone (GnRH) mRNA and decreased numbers of neurones expressing pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA. To determine if loss of ovarian steroids could produce comparable changes in gene expression in young primates, we measured the effects of ovariectomy on NKB, GnRH and POMC gene expression in young cynomolgus monkeys. We also measured serum leptin and body weight to examine the consequences of ovariectomy on energy balance. NKB neurones in the infundibular nucleus of ovariectomized monkeys were larger, more numerous and displayed increased levels of NKB mRNA compared to those of intact controls. Moreover, ovariectomy increased the number of neurones expressing GnRH gene transcripts and elevated serum luteinizing hormone. By contrast, several parameters related to energy balance, including POMC gene expression, serum leptin and body weights, were unchanged by ovariectomy. Thus, the rise in NKB and GnRH gene expression in older women was simulated by ovariectomy in monkeys, but the changes in POMC gene expression and energy balance were not. This study provides strong support for the hypothesis that ovarian failure contributes to the increased NKB and GnRH gene expression observed in postmenopausal women.
Effect of Gaseous Diluents on Energy Yield of Ozone Generation from Oxygen (1959)

The effect of various diluent gases on the energy yield of ozone generation from oxygen in commercial ozonators is discussed. The greatest loss in energy yield is noted for the presence of less than 1% of hydrogen, water, or Freon 12 (dichlorodifluoromethane). Up to 50% of carbon dioxide or argon reduces the energy yield to about 85% of that expected with pure oxygen. Carbon monoxide or nitrogen, in amounts of less than 10%, apparently increases the energy yield of ozone generation. In greater amounts, it gradually but steadily reduces the energy yield.
VaR를 이용한 한국 손해보험사의 시장리스크 분석 (2004)

VaR의 의미는 시장변수 변동에 따른 포트폴리오의 최대손실 발생을 의미한다. 본 연구는 VaR 기법을 이용한 VaR 모형과 다중회귀분석모형을 토대로 한국의 손해 보험 산업을 지배구조·시장점유에 따른 분류, 생존형태에 따른 분류로 세분화하여 1994년 4월부터 2004년 3월까지의 기간에 대하여 시장리스크를 분석하였다. 또한 VaR모형에서는 분산-공분산 방법을 적용하였고, 다중회귀분석모형에서는 종속변수를 VaR측정치 및 시장리스크 비율로 정의된 값을 기준으로 비교 분석하였다. 분석결과 VaR분석모형에서 시장리스크가 지배구조의 경우 국내사가, 시장점유의 경우 상위4사가, 생존형태의 경우 생존사가 낮게 나타났다. 다중회귀분석모형에서는 세부적 분류에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 시장변수 및 외부충격요인 변수들을 찾아내고 생명보험사의 시장리스크와의 차이를 설명하였다.
Cuckoo Migration: Self Migration on JointCloud Using New Hardware Features (2018)

With the growing number of cloud providers and the increasing market of cloud computing, it's more and more necessary to realize the cooperation and aggregation of clouds. JointCloud is a framework aiming at facilitating the consociation of various clouds on the market. And the JointCloud Collaboration Environment (JCCE) is the ideal environment for global cloud providers. To realize the clouds cooperation, migration is one of the most important issues that have to be considered. Live migration has always been one of the major primitive operations of virtualization and has been discussed for long. Traditional works deal the migration mainly by using a host-driven migration method, the majority work of which is dominated by the hypervisor. However, as the age of cloud aggregation comes, traditional methods show their defects. In cloud aggregation environment, cloud providers may refuse to supply the migration service to grasp their customers, or the hypervisors are heterogeneous on the two sides of migration. Those problems raise challenges to traditional host-driven methods. In this paper, we propose Cuckoo Migration, a new self- migration method using Intel new hardware feature. We leverage a special processor function, VMFUNC, to create a two-EPT architecture for the guest VM, so that the guest has a mirror memory space, which can be used as the duplication of memory. This paper mainly introduces how we build a two-EPT architecture for the guest and discusses how we leverage such architecture to do our self-migration.
Organizational Status (2015)

Abstract Organizational status is the standing or position of an organization in a stratification system, based on social honor or esteem.
Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Enhances Glomerular Collagen Synthesis in Diabetic Rats (1993)

In vitro glomerular collagen synthesis and its response to various concentrations of transforming growth factor-beta 1 were studied in normal and diabetic rats. TGF-beta 1 increased collagen synthesis in normal glomeruli in a dose-dependent manner up to 5 ng/ml. Concentrations > 5 ng/ml showed a gradual decline in collagen synthesis. Basal collagen synthesis was increased in diabetic glomeruli, but addition of TGF-beta 1 had no effect. Antibody to TGF-beta 1 prevented this increase in collagen synthesis. Both circulating TGF-beta 1 concentration and its glomerular expression of mRNA were higher in diabetic than in normal rats. Although addition of TGF-beta 1 did not increase synthesis in vitro, the absence of an effect is consistent with downregulation of its receptors attributable to the high circulating levels. This study clearly indicates a regulatory role of TGF-beta 1 in renal glomerular collagen synthesis in the normal rat, and suggests a possible causal role for enhanced collagen synthesis in the diabetic rat.
Cellulose Production by Acetobacter acetigenum and other Acetobacter spp. (1959)

SUMMARY: The synthesis of cellulose by Acetobacter on media based on blackstrap molasses was studied. Methods are described for the determination of cellulose, and of growth as cell-N, in static culture. Different carbohydrate substrates were compared for cellulose production by Acetobacter acetigenum strain EA-I; hydrolysed molasses was found to give the largest yields. In media based on this substrate growth and cellulose production both reached their maximum values with a sugar concentration of 7·9 % (w/v) after 40 days’ growth at 26–29°. The maximum conversion (18 %) of sugar to cellulose, however, was obtained with 1·5 % (w/v) sugar. Cellulose synthesis ceased when growth stopped, even when the sugar in the medium was not exhausted, indicating that cellulose was synthesized only by the actively growing organism. The cellulose produced/mg. cell-N and % cellulose in the pellicles decreased with increased sugar concentration in the medium. Other Acetobacter strains were examined in this medium; the cellulose yields varied over a wide range, equivalent to conversions of 1·9–23·5 %.
Maternal or Infant Antiretroviral Drugs to Reduce HIV-1 Transmission (2010)

The use of either a maternal antiretroviral regimen or infant nevirapine for 28 weeks was effective in reducing HIV-1 transmission during breast-feeding. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00164736.)
Production of Nephrotic Syndrome in Rats by Freund's Adjuvants and Rat Kidney Suspensions. (1959)

1) A severe nephrotic syndrome was noted in 20 rats given Freund's adjuvants and a supernate of rat kidney suspension by intraperitoneal injection. When kidney tissue was replaced by liver, only 3 of 21 animals developed a much milder renal disease. Lung or muscle suspensions failed to induce proteinuria in 10 rats. 2) In large doses (0.5 ml) Freund's adjuvants alone produced a mild nephrotic disease in 3 of 10 rats. Even though the smaller amounts of the adjuvants usually used (0.25 ml) never produced proteinuria, slight histological alterations of the glomerular structure were frequently noted. 3) In contradistinction to other tissue suspensions addition of rat kidney supernate enhanced the effect of adjuvants markedly and regularly. 4) The small amounts of rat kidney proteins used, support the interpretation that an isoand autosensitization mechanism is at play.
Postural change and intraocular pressure in glaucomatous eyes. (1976)

Roberts and Rogers, I964; Tarkkanen and Leikola, I967) have reported that in normal subjects and in glaucomatous patients the intraocular pressure (IOP) in the supine position is about 2-5 mmHg higher than in the seated position. The measure- ments were carried out using various types of tonometers.
Magneto-inertial Fusion: An Emerging Concept for Inertial Fusion and Dense Plasmas in Ultrahigh Magnetic Fields (2008)

An overview of the U.S. program in magneto-inertial fusion (MIF) is given in terms of its technical rationale, scientific goals, vision, research plans, needs, and the research facilities currently available in support of the program. Magneto-inertial fusion is an emerging concept for inertial fusion and a pathway to the study of dense plasmas in ultrahigh magnetic fields (magnetic fields in excess of 500 T). The presence of magnetic field in an inertial fusion target suppresses cross-field thermal transport and potentially could enable more attractive inertial fusion energy systems. A vigorous program in magnetized high energy density laboratory plasmas (HED-LP) addressing the scientific basis of magneto-inertial fusion has been initiated by the Office of Fusion Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy involving a number of universities, government laboratories and private institutions.
Influence of the barriers on the temperature dependence of threshold current in GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well lasers (1989)

Using window devices, light emission has been observed from the barrier regions of lasers with 25-A-wide quantum wells. From measurements of threshold current as a function of temperature on devices grown by molecular-beam epitaxy using different Al cells for the barriers, the strong influence of nonradiative barrier recombination processes on the threshold current has been demonstrated. Further measurements of threshold current as a function of hydrostatic pressure show that recombination from the L and X conduction-band minima makes an important contribution to the current. The calculations show how the temperature dependence of threshold depend on factors such as cavity length and the number of quantum wells.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A systems approach to the development of an integrated crash avoidance vehicle (2002)

Systems engineering techniques are being used in the development of a crash avoidance demonstration vehicle that integrates existing vehicle features with new technologies and an understanding of driver needs to most cost effectively achieve reductions in the occurrence of automotive crashes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Action of Fibrinogen on certain Pathogenic Cocci (1955)

Summary: The properties of the material responsible for the clumping reaction given by suspensions of coagulase-positive staphylococci when shaken in the presence of fibrinogen were examined and a possible mechanism is suggested for the reaction. Of other bacteria examined only streptococci of groups A, C and G absorbed fibrinogen, and of these relatively few gave clumping, though the cell material responsible for absorption was similar to that found in staphylococci. In staphylococci it is believed that a single substance is responsible for both absorption and clumping, and its properties suggest a peptide complex. The possible usefulness of coagulase-positive cocci in the detection of minute amounts of fibrinogen is indicated.