gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Imaging Tumor Vasculature Noninvasively with Positron Emission Tomography and RGD Peptides Labeled with Copper 64 Using the Bifunctonal Chelates DOTA, Oxo-DO3A. and PCTA (2013)

Two novel bifunctional chelates, 3,6,9,15-tetraazabicyclo[9.3.1]pentadeca-1(15),11,13-triene-3,6,9-triacetic acid (PCTA) and 1-oxa-4,7,10-triazacyclododecane-4,7,10-triacetic acid (Oxo-DO3A), were found to radiolabel antibodies with copper 64 (64Cu) well for positron emission tomography (PET). In this study, the same chelators were used to radiolabel peptides with 64Cu for PET imaging of angiogenesis. PCTA, Oxo-DO3A, and 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N'',N'''-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) were conjugated to cyclic-(RGDyK), and their binding affinities were confirmed. Conditions for 64Cu radiolabeling were optimized for maximum yield and specific activity. The in vitro stability of the radiolabeled compounds was challenged with serum incubation. PET studies were carried out in a non-αvβ3-expressing tumor model to evaluate the compounds' specificity for proliferating tumor vasculature and their in vivo pharmacokinetics. The PCTA and Oxo-DO3A bioconjugates were labeled with 64Cu at higher effective specific activity and radiochemical yield than the DOTA bioconjugate. In the imaging studies, all the 64Cu bioconjugates could be used to visualize the tumor and the radiotracer uptake was blocked with cyclic-(RGDyK). Target uptake of each bioconjugate was similar, but differences in other tissues were observed. 64Cu-PCTA-RGD showed the best clearance from nontarget tissue and the highest tumor to nontarget ratios. PCTA was the most promising bifunctional chelate for 64Cu peptide imaging and warrants further investigation.
Life in Constant Light Protects Cardiomyopathic Hamsters from Stress-Induced Heart Failure (1996)

AbstractWe have shown that constant light (LL) extends life in hamsters with progressive congestive heart failure (CHF). Since stress impairs ventricular function, we hypothesized that life in LL would protect the hamster from the stress induced exacerbation of failure. Cardiomyopathic hamsters (CMHs) at the age of 2 mo were put into LL or Light:Dark 12h: 12h (LD). A second set of CMHs was received 4 mo later and also split into the 2 lighting conditions. When hamsters were either 6 or 10 mo of age, half were stressed with 2 hr supine cold immobilization for 5 consecutive days, and the other half served as nonstressed controls. In vitro evaluation of ventricular mechanics was done 5 days after stress and revealed that stress decreased ventricular systolic and diastolic function in LD groups but not in LL groups; the effect was most robust in the 6 mo hamsters. The cardiac ventricles of hamsters living in LD became heavier when the hamster aged from 6 mo to 10 mo; this is indicative of the progression of CHF. Life in LL blocked this progression. The ventricular weight and mechanics data indicate mat LL protected the hamster heart from stress. This effect was marked in 6 mo CMHs and less in 10 mo CMHs, an age when overt CHF exists. The effect of LL in protecting the heart from the detrimental consequences of stress in hamsters with heart disease occurred with only 4 mo of exposure to this treatment.Key Words: Constant lighthamstercardiomyopathyheart failurestress
General acid catalysis of monochloramine disproportionation (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGeneral acid catalysis of monochloramine disproportionationRichard L. Valentine and Chad T. JafvertCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1988, 22, 6, 691–696Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00171a012https://doi.org/10.1021/es00171a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views494Altmetric-Citations69LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Countering Cooperative Effects in Protease Inhibitors Using Constrained β-Strand-Mimicking Templates in Focused Combinatorial Libraries (2004)

A major problem in de novo design of enzyme inhibitors is the unpredictability of the induced fit, with the shape of both ligand and enzyme changing cooperatively and unpredictably in response to subtle structural changes within a ligand. We have investigated the possibility of dampening the induced fit by using a constrained template as a replacement for adjoining segments of a ligand. The template preorganizes the ligand structure, thereby organizing the local enzyme environment. To test this approach, we used templates consisting of constrained cyclic tripeptides, formed through side chain to main chain linkages, as structural mimics of the protease-bound extended beta-strand conformation of three adjoining amino acid residues at the N- or C-terminal sides of the scissile bond of substrates. The macrocyclic templates were derivatized to a range of 30 structurally diverse molecules via focused combinatorial variation of nonpeptidic appendages incorporating a hydroxyethylamine transition-state isostere. Most compounds in the library were potent inhibitors of the test protease (HIV-1 protease). Comparison of crystal structures for five protease-inhibitor complexes containing an N-terminal macrocycle and three protease-inhibitor complexes containing a C-terminal macrocycle establishes that the macrocycles fix their surrounding enzyme environment, thereby permitting independent variation of acyclic inhibitor components with only local disturbances to the protease. In this way, the location in the protease of various acyclic fragments on either side of the macrocyclic template can be accurately predicted. This type of templating strategy minimizes the problem of induced fit, reducing unpredictable cooperative effects in one inhibitor region caused by changes to adjacent enzyme-inhibitor interactions. This idea might be exploited in template-based approaches to inhibitors of other proteases, where a beta-strand mimetic is also required for recognition, and also other protein-binding ligands where different templates may be more appropriate.
Highly sensitive and low power injection-locked FSK receiver for short-range wireless applications (2012)

A highly sensitive frequency-shift keying (FSK) receiver with low power consumption that is based on the injection-locking technique is proposed for short-range wireless (SRW) applications. The proposed FSK receiver comprising a sub-mW low-noise amplifier (LNA), a trifilar transformer splitter, and an injection-locked self-oscillating mixer (SOM) is fabricated using 90 nm CMOS technology. Measurement results indicate a sensitivity of -81 dBm with a power consumption of 1.8 mW when a Bluetooth Gaussian frequency-shift keying (GFSK) modulated signal with a data rate of 1 Mb/s is received.
Harnessing the properties of colloidal quantum dots in luminescent solar concentrators (2018)

Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) can serve as large-area sunlight collectors, are suitable for applications in high-efficiency and cost-effective photovoltaics (PVs), and provide adaptability to the needs of architects for building-integrated PVs, which makes them an attractive option for transforming buildings into transparent or non-transparent electricity generators. Compared with traditional organic dyes, colloidal semiconducting quantum dots (QDs) are excellent candidates as emitters for LSCs because they exhibit wide size/shape/composition-tunable absorption spectra ranging from ultraviolet to near infrared, significantly overlapping with the solar spectrum. They also feature narrow emission spectra, high photoluminescence quantum yields, high absorption coefficients, solution processability and good photostability. Most importantly, QDs can be engineered to provide a minimal overlap between absorption and emission spectra, which is key to the realization of large-area LSCs with largely suppressed reabsorption energy losses. In this review article, we will first present and discuss the working principle of LSCs, the synthesis of colloidal QDs using wet-chemistry approaches, the optical properties of QDs, their band alignment and the intrinsic relationship between the band energy structure and optical properties of QDs. We focus on emerging architectures, such as core/shell QDs. We then highlight recent progress in QD-based LSCs and their anticipated applications. We conclude this review article with the major challenges and perspectives of LSCs in future commercial technologies.
Amniotic Fluid Embolism (1974)

In the Magee-Womens Hospital, amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is the leading cause of maternal death, with an incidence of 1:17,000. In a recent fatal case, the patient, who had a rapid course of labor, suddenly developed hypotension, cyanosis, and convulsions. These manifestations are highly suggestive of AFE if aspiration and toxic reaction to local anesthetics are excluded. The following points should be considered in resuscitating these cases: (1) central venous pressure monitoring aids diagnosis and regulation of intravenous (I.V.) fluids; (2) calcium should be used when magnesium has been administered; (3) isoproterenol and oxygen help to relieve pulmonary vasoconstriction and improve cardiac condition, but isoproterenol may reduce blood pressure; (4) positive-pressure respiration and corticosteroids decrease the chances of acute pulmonary edema.
Analysis of<i>CARD15/NOD2</i>haplotypes fails to identify common variants associated with rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility (2005)

These data suggest that CARD15 variants are not associated with RA susceptibility.
High temperature deformation behavior in a β-type titanium alloy for biomedical applications (2003)

Tensile test for the Ti-29Nb-13Ta-5Zr (Ti-29-13) alloy have been conducted by means of a constant cross-head speed method, at temperatures around the β transus, i.e., 700,750 and 800℃. For comparison, the same tests are also carried out on the Ti-15V-3Cr-3Sn-3Al (Ti-15-3) alloy. The strain to failure at three temperatures for Ti-29-13 is smaller than that of Ti-15-3. Tthe maximum elongation obtained in Ti-29-13 is 133% at (10)^<-3>s^<-1> and 800℃. The stress exponent n is 4.3 in the testing strain rate and temperature, comparable with the value of 4 for the Ti-15-3 alloy. However, it is far larger than the value of 2 or 1 usually used to describe the superplasticsity in fine-grained alloys.
Polylactones. 34. Polymerizations of meso-and<i>rac</i>-D, L-Lactide by Means of Grignard Reagents (1997)

Abstract Meso- and rac-D,L-lactide were polymerized in bulk at 120°C by means of BuMgCl or EtMgBr. With rac-D,L-lactide yields up to 83%, number-average molecular weights (M n) up to 71,000 and weight-average molecular weights (M w) up to 108,000 were obtained. Attempts to polymerize meso-D,L-lactide in bulk at 60°C gave very low yields. All attempts to polymerize rac-D,L-lactide in toluene at 60°C failed completely regardless if crown ethers or benzyl alcohol were added as coinitiators. MgBr2 proved to be useless as an initiator even for polymerizations at 120°C in bulk. Furthermore, copolymerizations of glycolide and rac-D,L-lactide initiated with EtMgBr or nBu2Mg were conducted in bulk at 120 and 150°C. Low molecular weights were found in most cases due to side reactions of the glycolide. The molecular weights increased with the molar fraction of rac-D,L-lactide.
[A society on the move and allergy]. (1999)

The prevalence of allergic diseases has significantly increased over the last two decades. Rather than genetic factors, which may not have played a significant role over such a short period of time, factors related to the Western style of life and to the socio-economical level of our society have been incriminated. Indeed, significant differences were demonstrated in terms of sensitization to various allergens, and expression of allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis or asthma between former East Socialist and Western countries, between highly industrialized and under developed regions. The shaping of the immune system by exposition to infections may play a crucial role very early in life; the absence of exposure in contrast may lead to preferential expression of an atopic phenotype. Other factors may also play a role such as breast feeding, fat consumption, and of course allergen exposure. These epidemiological observations open new questions on the possible need for changes in our style of life.
A new disease of turf-grass caused by binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-Q. (1986)

In recent years, a yellow patch in turf-grass, which is probably the symptom of a new disease, has been observed in various districts of Japan. From the lesions of leaf and stem rot, binucleate Rhizoctonia was isolated and identical symptoms were reproduced in an inoculation test. The fungus did not fuse with the representative isolates of other anastomosis groups of Rhizoctonia spp. Two out of eleven isolates of this fungus developed the perfect state when the soil-on-agar culture method was applied. The perfect state of this fungus was identified as Ceratobasidium cornigerum (Bourdot) Rogers. It is proposed that this disease caused by C. cornigerum [anamorph binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-Q] would be designated as one type of ‘hagusare-byo’ of turf-grass.
GTP-binding mutants of rab1 and rab2 are potent inhibitors of vesicular transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi complex. (1992)

We have examined the role of ras-related rab proteins in transport from the ER to the Golgi complex in vivo using a vaccinia recombinant T7 RNA polymerase virus to express site-directed rab mutants. These mutations are within highly conserved domains involved in guanine nucleotide binding and hydrolysis found in ras and all members of the ras superfamily. Substitutions in the GTP-binding domains of rab1a and rab1b (equivalent to the ras 17N and 116I mutants) resulted in proteins which were potent trans dominant inhibitors of vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (VSV-G protein) transport between the ER and cis Golgi complex. Immunofluorescence analysis indicated that expression of rab1b121I prevented delivery of VSV-G protein to the Golgi stack, which resulted in VSV-G protein accumulation in pre-Golgi punctate structures. Mutants in guanine nucleotide exchange or hydrolysis of the rab2 protein were also strong trans dominant transport inhibitors. Analogous mutations in rab3a, rab5, rab6, and H-ras did not inhibit processing of VSV-G to the complex, sialic acid containing form diagnostic of transport to the trans Golgi compartment. We suggest that at least three members of the rab family (rab1a, rab1b, and rab2) use GTP hydrolysis to regulate components of the transport machinery involved in vesicle traffic between early compartments of the secretory pathway.
A sensor-actuator network for damage detection in civil structures (2004)

Structural health monitoring (SHM) is a well-established multi-disciplinary research field. The goal of SHM is to develop technologies and techniques to automatically detect, localize, and classify damages in large structures (ships, bridges, aircraft and buildings). The state of the art in SHM relies on collecting response of these structures to ambient phenomena such as wind, passing vehicles or earthquakes at various points in the structure (either via manual inspections or expensive wired data acquisition systems) to be analyzed centrally. In our demonstration we will show a proof of concept working model of an automated distributed damage detection system using a sensor-actuator network.
Optimal Filtering (2018)

A filter estimates (predicts) the value of an unobserved random variable based on the values of a set of observed random variables. In the context of random processes, we desire a filter that, given an input X(t), produces an output Yˆ ðsÞ that best estimates Y(s), where goodness is based on an error measure between Yˆ ðsÞ and Y(s).
The Influence of Solution Treatment on the High‐Temperàture Strength of Al‐Si Foundry Alloys with Ni (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Experimental Methods Experimental Results Discussions Conclusion Acknowledgements
Theory of semiconductor quantum-dot laser dynamics (2005)

A theory for describing nonequilibrium dynamics in a semiconductor quantum-dot laser is presented. This theory is applied to a microcavity laser with a gain region consisting of an inhomogeneous distribution of quantum dots, a quantum-well wetting layer, and injection pumped bulk regions. Numerical results are presented and the effects of spectral hole burning, plasma heating, and many-body effects are analyzed.
Ureteroscopy Energy Sources (2018)

Intracorporeal lithotripsy is a mainstay of nephrolithiasis treatment. With the advent of smaller and more flexible ureteroscopes, methods of intracorporeal lithotripsy continue to advance and improve. Various energy sources are available for ureteroscopic lithotripsy, including electrohydraulic, pneumatic/ballistic, ultrasonic, nanosecond electropulse, and laser. While the ideal device should be small, efficacious, flexible, multifunctional, reusable, safe, and inexpensive, each method attempts to maximize these attributes differently. By understanding the different mechanisms of stone fragmentation, urologists can leverage the advantages and disadvantages to choose a lithotripsy device for each clinical setting.
Blood flow to contracting human muscles: influence of increased sympathetic activity (1990)

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the increased sympathetic activity elicited by the upright posture on blood flow to exercising human forearm muscles. Six subjects performed light and heavy rhythmic forearm exercise. Trials were conducted with the subjects supine and standing. Forearm blood flow (FBF, plethysmography) and skin blood flow (laser Doppler) were measured during brief pauses in the contractions. Arterial blood pressure and heart rate were also measured. During the first 6 min of light exercise, blood flow was similar in the supine and standing positions (approximately 15 ml.min-1.100 ml-1); from minutes 7 to 20 FBF was approximately 3-7 ml.min-1.100 ml-1 less in the standing position (P less than 0.05). When 5 min of heavy exercise immediately followed the light exercise, FBF was approximately 30-35 ml.min-1.100 ml-1 in the supine position. These values were approximately 8-12 ml.min-1.100 ml-1 greater than those observed in the upright position (P less than 0.05). When light exercise did not precede 8 min of heavy exercise, the blood flow at the end of minute 1 was similar in the supine and standing positions but was approximately 6-9 ml.min-1.100 ml-1 lower in the standing position during minutes 2-8. Heart rate was always approximately 10-20 beats higher in the upright position (P less than 0.05). Forearm skin blood flow and mean arterial pressure were similar in the two positions, indicating that the changes in FBF resulted from differences in the caliber of the resistance vessels in the forearm muscles.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Naloxone in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (1985)

South African Brain Research Institute Johannesburg, South Africa and Department of Neurology University of Arizona Tucson, Arizona
ChemInform Abstract: EINE NEUE SYNTH. VON MICHAELIS′ BENZOBISPYRAZOLON MIT HILFE VON DIAZOTIERTER ANTHRANILSAEURE (1972)

Abstract Diazotierte Anthranilsäure (I) reagiert mit dimerem Diacetyl (II) über das offenkettige Produkt (III) unter Abspaltung von Essigsäure zum Benzobis‐pyrazolon (IV).
Massive splenomegaly and pancytopenia reuealing sarcoidosis in a child. (2013)

Clinical presentation of sarcoidosis in children is very variable and dependant upon age. Herein, we report the first association of massive splenomegaly and pancytopenia as the revealing mode of sarcoidosis in an 8-year-old girl who, despite bone marrow involvement, had a remarkable good outcome following steroid therapy.
Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction in Disease and Possible Therapeutical Interventions (2011)

The intestinal epithelial monolayer constitutes a physical and functional barrier between the organism and the external environment. It regulates nutrients absorption, water and ion fluxes, and represents the first defensive barrier against toxins and enteric pathogens. Epithelial cells are linked together at the apical junctional complex by tight junctions that reduce the extracellular space and the passage of charge entities while forming a physical barrier to lipophilic molecules. Cultured intestinal epithelial cells have been extensively used to study intestinal absorption of newly synthesized drugs and the regulation of tight junctions structure and function. In vitro mild irritants, proinflammatory cytokines, toxins and pathogens, and adverse environmental conditions open tight junctions and increase paracellular permeability, an effect often accompanied by immune activation of the enterocytes. Conversely, inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines, exposure to growth factors and probiotics, among others, exert a protective effect. Impaired barrier function results from activation of signalling pathways that lead to alteration of junctional proteins expression and/or distribution. In vivo, intestinal barrier dysfunction is associated with various intestinal and non-intestinal disorders including inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, and diarrhoeal infection. This review will describe the current knowledge of the mechanisms regulating tight junctions and intestinal permeability, how these findings have lead to a better understanding of barrier alteration in human intestinal disorders, and what the emerging therapies to treat these pathologies are.
OC154: Pregnancy outcome of antenatally diagnosed agenesis of the corpus callosum (2004)

To investigate the natural history and outcome of fetal agenesis of the corpus callosum diagnosed by routine ultrasound scanning at 18–23 weeks' gestation. This was a retrospective study of all cases of fetal agenesis of the corpus callosum diagnosed at 18–23 weeks of gestation. All cases were referred to one of two tertiary centres for further management of suspected fetal structural abnormality. A computer search was made to identify all cases of fetal corpus callosum agenesis and the records of these patients were examined to determine the incidence of other defects and pregnancy outcome. There were 138 cases of fetal agenesis of the corpus callosum. Of the 32 (23.2%) cases of fetal aneuploidy, trisomy 18 (n = 22) was the commonest. Even in the absence of aneuploidy, a significant number of cases were associated with other fetal brain abnormalities. There were 93 terminations of pregnancy, 4 intrauterine deaths and 1 neonatal death. Thirty cases were known to be liveborn and another 10 were lost to follow-up. Of the neonates delivered 2 or more years ago, approximately 50% have evidence of significant developmental delay. The outcome of antenatally detected talipes is mainly dependent on the presence or absence of other defects. Agenesis of the corpus callosum is significantly associated with chromosome abnormalities and other structural brain anomalies. In contrast to the published evidence, our data suggests that the outcome of isolated agenesis of the corpus callosum is associated with a guarded long-term neurodevelopmental prognosis.