gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ROLE OF REACTIVE NITROGEN INTERMEDIATES IN THE REGULATION OF ALLOGENEIC SKIN GRAFT SURVIVAL IN MICE AFTER PORTAL VEIN PRETRANSPLANT TRANSFUSION (1995)

C3H/HeJ mice received multiple minor histoincompatible skin grafts (B10.BR) after portal or lateral tail vein injection of irradiated B10.BR spleen cells. Some mice were additionally injected with a competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis (NG-monomethyl-L-arginine [NMMA]). Skin graft survival was extended following portal venous immunization, and further enhanced by NMMA. Both treatments produced decreased production of nitrate/nitrite in vivo, and were associated with enhanced expression of mRNA in vivo for type 2 cytokines (interleukins 4 and 10), as well as increased synthesis of the latter on restimulation in vitro. Inducible nitric oxide synthase gene expression was up-regulated both in the local mucosal immune system (intraepithelial lymphocytes) and systemically (spleen) following antigen challenge by the portal vein or by gavage, with or without additional NMMA treatment. In contrast, when we studied a possible alternate in vivo source of nitric oxide production, we found that endothelial cell nitric oxide synthase expression was reproducibly up-regulated only in splenic tissue after combined oral (or portal) immunization and NMMA, and was not up-regulated in tissues local to the site of injection (intraepithelial lymphocytes).
The Effect of Fractures on the Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage Process (2004)

This study presents an experimental investigation of the effect of fractures and well configurations on the steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) process in a three-dimensional model, using 12.4°API gravity crude oil. A total of eight runs were conducted, using a 30 cm × 30 cm × 10 cm rectangular-shaped box model. Temperature distributions were observed using 25 thermocouples. Three different well configurations were investigateda horizontal injection and production well pair, a vertical injection−vertical production well pair, and a vertical injection−horizontal production well pairwith and without fractures that provided a vertical path through the horizontal producer. The influence of fracture distribution on the steam−oil ratio (SOR) and oil recovery was analyzed using the horizontal well pair scheme, a vertical injection−horizontal production well pair, and a vertical injection and vertical production well scheme. The experimental results indicated that vertical fractures improved SAGD. Maximum oil recovery was observed during the horizontal injection−horizontal production well scheme with a fractured model, because of the favorable steam-chamber geometry. Runs showed that the location of the fractures affects the performance of the process. During the early stages of the runs, the fractured model gave significantly higher SORs than those observed in the uniform-permeability reservoir.
Thomas Oughton (1965)

Thomas Oughton Get access S. Y. R. S. Y. R. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s3-VII, Issue 169, 25 March 1865, Page 241, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s3-VII.169.241-b Published: 25 March 1965
Gene expression of the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan core protein PG19. (1987)

We have examined genomic sequences and mRNA species hybridizing to a cDNA clone of a yolk sac carcinoma chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan designated PG19. Genomic blot hybridizations with cDNAs covering the majority of the PG19 mRNA sequence revealed 15 to 17 gene fragments. Similar analysis with probes representing either the propeptide or the combined core protein COOH-terminal domain and 3' untranslated sequences revealed single genomic fragments indicating that a single gene codes for the PG19 proteoglycan. Genomic blot analysis with cDNA sequences coding for the serine-glycine repeat of the core protein identified the same gene fragments observed with the entire PG19 cDNA, indicating that this coding region is homologous with sequences present in multiple genes. The same probes were also used to examine mRNA expression. In addition to the PG19 mRNA, several PG19-related mRNAs could be seen. These PG19-related mRNAs had homology with the serine-glycine coding sequence of the PG19 cDNA. These mRNAs may be coding for proteoglycans. The mRNA coding for PG19 appeared to be uniquely expressed in parietal yolk sac and mast cell lineages. The PG19 mRNA existed in different forms in parietal yolk sac and mast cell lines due to cell-type-specific differences in the length of the 5' untranslated sequences. These results indicate that expression of the PG19 proteoglycan gene is regulated both in terms of cell-type-specific transcription and selection of a transcriptional start site.
Power and Violence (1964)

The ancient Greeks rarely fail us when we turn to them in a receptive but cautious spirit for conceptual clarity, and their treatment of the abstraction “power” and terms related to it is relevant and suggestive. In Greek, a root contained in several words associated with political power has two meanings. The verb archein means both “to rule” and “to start”; the noun arché means both “sovereignty” and “beginning.” J. L. Myres, in his analysis of Greek political ideas, suggests: It is now clear that in compounds the prefix arkhé (as in our words “architect” and “archbishop”) describes not merely the first or chief man of a company or organization, but the initiatory function of him who “starts” the others to work, and originates the design which they are to complete. And this appeal to Greek practical life confirms the view that what is essential in the notion of arkhé is just this initiatory “push” or “drive” with which the gifted man imposes his will-and-pleasure on the rest.
On Sphere-Filling Ropes (2011)

What is the longest rope on the unit sphere? Intuition tells us that the answer to this packing problem depends on the rope's thickness. For a countably infinite number of prescribed thickness values we construct and classify all solution curves. The simplest ones are similar to the seam lines of a tennis ball; others exhibit a striking resemblance to Turing patterns in chemistry, or to ordered phases of long elastic rods stuffed into spherical shells.
Influence of ultrasound-induced hyperthermia and X-irradiation on the incidence of metastases from a solid tumor. (1984)

The KHT sarcoma transplanted into mouse legs was treated by X-irradiation, hyperthermia or a combination of X-irradiation plus hyperthermia. Neither 20 Gy of X-irradiation or hyperthermia for 60 min were effective in controlling the local tumors when used alone. Simultaneous treatments, however, resulted in 22% of the tumors being locally controlled corresponding to a TER of 2.0. Local control was increased when irradiation was given 1 h before or after hyperthermia, TER 2.8 and was maximum, TER 2.9, when the hyperthermia was 0.1 h after irradiation. When the local tumor was controlled by irradiation alone or by irradiation delivered 1 h before or after hyperthermia, all of the metastases that subsequently occurred arose before or during treatment. When tumors were locally controlled by radiation given during or immediately after hyperthermia, metastases developed that must have occurred as a consequence of the treatment. The treatment sequence that resulted in a maximum TER for tumor control did not correlate with the risk of metastatic spread. The timing of the irradiation in relation to hyperthermia may explain some contradictory findings regarding the influence of heat on the incidence of metastases. Hyperthermia did not affect the distribution of anatomic sites involved with metastases or the ratio of lymphatic to hematogenously spread metastases.
The Difference between the Legends of Tang Dynasty and the Hua-ben of Song and Yuan Dynasty (2003)

By comparing the Bu Jiang Zong Bai Yuan Zhuan and the Chen Xun Jian Mei Ling Shi Qi Ji,this essay explicates the difference between the legends of Tang Dynasty and the Hua-ben of Song and Yuan Dynasty on the following aspects:the narrative mode,the narrative structure,the narrative tongue.
Modeling of Flow Acceleration Around Wind Farms (2007)

Recent measurements from operating wind farms demonstrate that the layout of the farm and interactions between turbine wakes strongly affects the overall efficiency of the wind farm. In some wind farms arranged in rectangular layouts, winds coming from the direction of the rectangular corner create a potential acceleration around the wind farm. This acceleration inherently leads to stronger local wind speeds at wind turbines downstream of the corner turbine, thereby increasing the power output of the downstream turbines. In this study, computational models are developed to predict this complex behavior seen in wind farms. The model used to examine these effects is a fully three-dimensional unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes code, with the turbulence model turned off. Preliminary results show an optimum spacing configuration is possible. However, the results have yet to be verified at higher Reynolds number, which will be the effort of future work. Ultimately, these tools may lead to more optimal wind farm layouts.
O emergir da temática família nos discursos dos “esquizofrênicos” – análise compreensiva (1995)

Through comprehensive analysis, the authors reflect about the emergence of family thematic in the speeches of the individuals denominate schizophrenics who are out of crisis. Using phenomenology as a methodological way, the study intends to show how these subjects focuse the family in their talk.
Detection of <i>mcr-1</i> among Escherichia coli Clinical Isolates Collected Worldwide as Part of the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program in 2014 and 2015 (2016)

Among 390 Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates collected during 2014-2015 displaying colistin MIC values ≥4 μg/ml, 19 (4.9%) carried mcr-1 . These isolates were all E. coli collected in ten countries, including the United States. Most isolates were susceptible to cephalosporins and were all susceptible to carbapenems, amikacin, tigecyline and ceftazidime-avibactam among other agents. Data from this global surveillance program expand the knowledge on the occurrence of mcr-1 -carrying isolates.
Production of Aflatoxins by <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> Cultured on Flue-Cured Tobacco (1969)

Under favorable growth conditions, Aspergillus flavus can produce aflatoxins on flue-cured tobacco leaves.
Lumbar lordosis: normal adults. (1992)

Lumbar curvatures in 149 normal adults from the general population were studied. There were 76 men and 73 women with an average age of 50 years. The mean values of lumbar lordotic angle (LLA), lumbosacral angle (LSA) and sacral inclination angle (SIA) were 33.2 +/- 12.1 degrees, 11.4 +/- 4.7 degrees and 26.4 +/- 10 degrees, respectively. A high correlation was noted between LLA and SIA (r = 0.883, p = 0.0001). LLA is an ideal parameter for the evaluation of lumbar lordosis. The normal value of LLA can be defined as 20-45 degrees with a range of 1 SD. No significant differences were noted in these three angles between males and females in any age group (LLA, p = 0.647; LSA, p = 0.80; SLA, p = 0.189). Also, X-ray findings indicated there were no significant differences between these three angles in spondylotic spines and those spines with a normal appearance from X-ray finding. The average LLA increased with age. Significant lumbar lordotic angle differences were noted between those patients less than 35 years of age and those greater than 60 years, as well as in the 35-60 age group and the greater than 60 age group (p = 0.0056).
Highly supersaturated Al-Mn solid solution alloys and their decomposition by heat-treatment (1968)

Aluminum alloys, containing larger amounts of manganese above the maximum equilibrium solubility, were solidified by cooling the molten alloys in a special copper mould. The structures and properties of the solidified alloys and their decomposition process by annealing at various temperatures were examined by means of optical and transmission electron microscopes, X-ray diffraction analysis, microhardness test, and electric resistivity measurement.The results obtained were summarized as follows.(1) Solid solution containing a considerably large amount of Mn was easily obtained with aluminum alloys. The degree of supersaturation depended upon the cooling rate from molten state. The structure was not completely homogeneous; i.e., the solute concentration on the cell boundaries was higher than that in the interior of the cell. The difference in the above concentrations was greater with higher content of Mn or lower cooling rate.(2) Discontinuous precipitation was observed on the cell structure when annealed at some temperatures. When annealed at above 550°C, Al6Mn was found to be as a stable second phase and it was replaced by G phase at annealing temperatures below 550°C. The G phase was more easily formed when the degree of supersaturation was relatively low.
CTLA4 depressed T cells proliferation in the xeno-mixed lymphocyte reaction (2002)

Objective To study the role of costimulatory T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4) in xenotransplantation.Methods Porcine vacuolar endothelial cell lines (PIEC) transfected with CTLA4 Ig fusion gene and CTLA4 Ig fusion protein were used to depress T cell proliferation reaction. An one way xeno mixed lymphocyte reaction (XMLR) system was established with PIEC as simulating cells. Results When the PIEC were replaced with the PIEC transfected with CTLA4 Ig gene, the human T cell proliferation in XMLR was obviously depressed (the SI was dropped from 5.08 to 2.36 ) although not so much as observed in allo MLR. Similar results were obtained if a CTLA4 Ig fusion protein was added into XMLR and MLR cellular systems, respectively. There was a partial inhibition by CTLA4 Ig protein (inhibititive ratio 55.45% ) in xeno response. For allo response, however, much more inhibition by the fusion protein (inhibition ratio 76.07% ) was recorded.Conclusion The molecular incompatibility between species might account for a less effectiveness of cooperation among adhesion molecular, especially between B7 and CD28, resulting in a weaker costimulation in xeno-reactivity than that in allo reactivity.
Preparation and properties of biodegradable poly(butylene succinate)/starch blends (2005)

Abstract The vital differences between the use of untreated starch and gelatinized starch in blends with poly(butylene succinate) (Bionolle) were thoroughly examined in this study. The melting temperature decreased slightly with increasing dosages of untreated and gelatinized starch. The added starch perhaps tended to disrupt the intermolecular hydrogen bonding within the Bionolle matrix. On the other hand, a large increase in the crystallinity was seen with the addition of starch. Starch appeared to play a nucleating role in the blends. The trend of the glass‐transition temperature decreasing with the starch level was similar to the trend of the melting temperature. For the same starch content, the glass‐transition temperature showed some variations. For blends containing a certain amount of gelatinized starch, the thermal stability remained to a certain degree but continued to decrease. This was ascribed to the relatively low heat stability of starch. As for the mechanical properties, a significant increase in the tensile strength (up to 2 times) was observed when untreated starch was replaced with gelatinized starch in the blends. Similarly, the tear strength increased up to 1.5 times if gelatinized starch was employed. Apparently, the gelatinization of starch was efficiently achieved for promoting its compatibility with Bionolle. In all cases, the mechanical properties of Bionolle blended with gelatinized starch were better than those of Bionolle blended with untreated starch. A morphological investigation provided evidence in support of these findings. This relatively low‐cost gelatinization approach provides an alternative to a high‐cost compatibilizer approach for improving the performance of biodegradable blends. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 257–264, 2005
Mobile AR System using QR Code as Marker for EHV Substation Operation Management (2018)

Augmented Reality (AR), is the extension of the virtual reality technology, which bring together real environment and virtual information, text, video, image etc. to experience digital things in a real world environment. Computing device is necessary to user to interact with in real-virtual fusion environment. This paper presents architecture design and implementation of android mobile augmented reality system for Extra High Voltage (EHV) substation to ensure safe and correct operation of switches and its real time status confirmation from sub-station SCADA. It is based on web application and mobile android system. QR code as a marker is generated in a standardized and efficient way for unique identification of each switch of Substation. Further it is integrated with existing SCADA for obtaining real time switch ON/OFF status by means of web service. This application assists the operator of EHV substation with continuous audio and visual support to take live equipment out of service sequentially without bypassing the interlock for maintenance activity. Augmenting the manual process of operation with this mobile app eliminates errors as the application does not allow the operator to proceed in case of any mistake or mismatch from predefined Standard Operating Procedures (SOP). This greatly enhances the safety of personnel and equipment.
Covalent organic frameworks (2012)

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a class of crystalline porous polymers that allow the atomically precise integration of organic units to create predesigned skeletons and nanopores. They have recently emerged as a new molecular platform for designing promising organic materials for gas storage, catalysis, and optoelectronic applications. The reversibility of dynamic covalent reactions, diversity of building blocks, and geometry retention are three key factors involved in the reticular design and synthesis of COFs. This tutorial review describes the basic design concepts, the recent synthetic advancements and structural studies, and the frontiers of functional exploration.
Synthesis and mechanical properties of CrMoCxN1−x coatings deposited by a hybrid coating system (2008)

Quaternary CrMoCxN1−x coatings were deposited on steel substrates (AISI D2) and Si wafers by a hybrid coating system combining an arc-ion plating technique and a dc reactive magnetron sputtering technique using Cr and Mo targets in an Ar∕N2∕CH4 gaseous mixture. The carbon content of CrMoCxN1−x coatings was linearly increased with increasing CH4∕(CH4+N2) gas flow rate ratio. The maximum hardness of 44GPa was obtained from the CrMoCxN1−x coatings containing a carbon content of x=0.33 with a residual stress of −4.4GPa. The average friction coefficient of Cr–Mo–N coatings was 0.42, and it is decreased to 0.31 after applying CrMoCxN1−x coatings. This result was caused by the formation of a carbon-rich transfer layer that acted as a solid lubricant to reduce contact between the coating surface and steel ball. The microstructure of the coatings was investigated by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. In this work, the microstructure and mechanical properties of the CrMoCxN1−x coatings were systematically investigated with the instrumental analyses.
Suppression of blast pressure and noise from implosive-type connectors (1995)

Implosive-type electrical/mechanical connectors such as XECONEX have been used extensively for joining electrical transmission lines. This implosive action of explosives has also been applied to other forms of high energy metal working with excellent results. However, as with many other products, the inherent blast energy of these units has caused some environmental concerns especially when used in proximity to inhabited areas. This paper identifies the problem associated with the use of this type of connector in inhabited areas and details the efforts directed toward its solution. A test program was designed in which various materials and configurations were evaluated as potential candidates for reducing the blast pressure. The explosive charges were in two configurations; linear charges assembled with detonating cord and steel pipes wrapped with detonating cord. Various materials of varying densities and sizes were then used as a wrap around the explosive charge. The effectiveness of these wraps as blast suppressing mediums was established by monitoring the blast pressure and sound levels. Although, a complete solution was not found within the performance requirements, materials such as vermiculite and cardboard were found to be particularly useful in suppressing blast overpressures. Plotted against scaled distance on a TNT output curve, themore » data indicates the effectiveness of these materials. Also practical are the plots showing the mitigation of blast pressure as the suppressant material thickness is varied.« less
Evidence that the <i>algI</i> / <i>algJ</i> Gene Cassette, Required for O Acetylation of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Alginate, Evolved by Lateral Gene Transfer (2004)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, isolated from chronically infected patients with cystic fibrosis, produce the O-acetylated extracellular polysaccharide, alginate, giving these strains a mucoid phenotype. O acetylation of alginate plays an important role in the ability of mucoid P. aeruginosa to form biofilms and to resist complement-mediated phagocytosis. The O-acetylation process is complex, requiring a protein with seven transmembrane domains (AlgI), a type II membrane protein (AlgJ), and a periplasmic protein (AlgF). The cellular localization of these proteins suggests a model wherein alginate is modified at the polymer level after the transport of O-acetyl groups to the periplasm. Here, we demonstrate that this mechanism for polysaccharide esterification may be common among bacteria, since AlgI homologs linked to type II membrane proteins are found in a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. In some cases, genes for these homologs have been incorporated into polysaccharide biosynthetic operons other than for alginate biosynthesis. The phylogenies of AlgI do not correlate with the phylogeny of the host bacteria, based on 16S rRNA analysis. The algI homologs and the gene for their adjacent type II membrane protein present a mosaic pattern of gene arrangement, suggesting that individual components of the multigene cassette, as well as the entire cassette, evolved by lateral gene transfer. AlgJ and the other type II membrane proteins, although more diverged than AlgI, contain conserved motifs, including a motif surrounding a highly conserved histidine residue, which is required for alginate O-acetylation activity by AlgJ. The AlgI homologs also contain an ordered series of motifs that included conserved amino acid residues in the cytoplasmic domain CD-4; the transmembrane domains TM-C, TM-D, and TM-E; and the periplasmic domain PD-3. Site-directed mutagenesis studies were used to identify amino acids important for alginate O-acetylation activity, including those likely required for (i) the interaction of AlgI with the O-acetyl precursor in the cytoplasm, (ii) the export of the O-acetyl group across the cytoplasmic membrane, and (iii) the transfer of the O-acetyl group to a periplasmic protein or to alginate. These results indicate that AlgI belongs to a family of membrane proteins required for modification of polysaccharides and that a mechanism requiring an AlgI homolog and a type II membrane protein has evolved by lateral gene transfer for the esterification of many bacterial extracellular polysaccharides.