gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Production of 150nm wide Air Gap Interconnects with a "Sacrificial Materials Approach" and a "Close-off Approach" (2005)

The dielectric constant of a metallization system can be reduced drastically by introduction of air gaps between metal lines. It was the objective of the activities reported here to demonstrate processes that allow to incorporate air gaps in single-metal layer structures. Two different methods were used for this purpose: Philips favoreda "sacrificial materials" approach where the dielectric material between the metal lines was removed underneath a porous hard mask layer by thermal decomposition; the air gaps of Infineon's "close-off" approach were etched between metal lines by RIE and subsequently sealed at the top by a novel selective oxide deposition. In both cases,air gaps could be created successfully and reproducibly. The Philips air gaps are less than 150 nm wide. Preliminary electrical measurements indicate that the capacitance between adjacent metal lines indeed can be reduced to a value that is compatible with the requirements of the ITRS roadmap for the 45 nm node. The reliability performancewill be evaluated in the remaining part of the project.
Isolation and characterization of DNA from archaeological bone (1991)

DNA was extracted from human and animal bones recovered from archaeological sites and mitochondrial DNA sequences were amplified from the extracts using the polymerase chain reaction. Evidence is presented that the amplified sequences are authentic and do not represent contamination by extraneous DNA. The results show that significant amounts of genetic information can survive for long periods in bone, and have important implications for evolutionary genetics, anthropology and forensic science.
Visible Watermarking using Verifiable Digital Seal Image (2001)

Many watermarking methods for protecting the intellectual property right and authenticating multimedia data have been proposed in recent years. It is possible to guarantee the authenticity of data using readable and fragile watermarking. In this paper, we propose a visible watermarking technique using verifiable digital seal image that is based on the concept of fragile watermarking. Seal image is just a binary (black or white) information after it converted to digital data by scanning. But, by adding digital signature to the seal image with a watermarking technique, we can get a verifiable digital seal image. The digital seal image can be used as an authentication for a digital image as well as a digital document. Inserted to digital image as a visible watermark, it guarantees the authenticity of cover image. This paper shows how to construct the verifiable digital seal image and how to apply it to cover image. Results are demonstrated by simulations.
Multi-sensor multi-network seamless positioning with visual aiding (2011)

This paper presents a measurement fusion approach for seamless outdoor/indoor positioning utilizing multiple sensor and network measurements in addition to computer-vision based aiding. A Kalman filter is implemented for fusing WLAN, Bluetooth, and high-sensitivity GPS positioning results with accelerometer based motion information as well as digital compass and camera derived direction. The fusion filter provides improved positioning accuracy to a single-technology system and offers higher positioning availability in time. In the experiment conducted inside the third floor of a typical office building, the proposed fused solution achieves horizontal accuracy of around 7 m with a 1-Hz update rate. Aiding the fusion filter with a heading rate measurement derived from visual processing improves the horizontal position accuracy further to around 6 m.
Theory Of Optical Semiconductor Nonlinearities (1988)

The origine of the nonlinear optical properties of semiconductors are discussed. We treat in detail 3 examples for electronic mechanisms: a) induced exciton absorption due to dynamical line-broadening; b) the band-edge nonlinearities due to plasma band-filling, screening, and renormalization; and c) the coherent band-edge nonlinearities for ultra-short pulse excitation.
Autoimmune Phenomena in Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (2002)

Autoimmune paraneoplastic syndromes are commonly encountered in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). A review of case reports and small series suggest as many as 10% of MDS patients may experience various autoimmune syndromes. Clinical manifestations of such phenomena may include an acute systemic vasculitic syndrome, skin vasculitis, fever, arthritis, pulmonary infiltrates, peripheral polyneuropathy, inflammatory bowel disease, glomerulonephritis, and even classical connective tissue disorders, such as relapsing polychondritis. On the other hand, asymptomatic immunologic abnormalities have also been reported in these patients. These autoimmune manifestations frequently respond to immunosuppressive agents including steroids and occasional hematologic responses to steroid therapy have also been reported. We report five patients with history of MDS who manifested different spectrums of autoimmune phenomena including: pyoderma gangrenosum (PG), vasculitis, Coombs negative hemolytic anemia, idiopathic thrombocytopenia, and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). We also review the incidence, nature, course and response to therapy of these manifestations and discuss potential pathogenic mechanisms.
A Method of Preparation of a Tissue Vaccine for Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (1968)

A Publication of The Association of Bone and Joint Surgeons® | CORR® Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research is a leading peer-reviewed orthopaedic journal and a publication of The Association of Bone and Joint Surgeons®. Learn more!
The International Reference Preparation of Human Pituitary Luteinizing Hormone for Immunoassay (1979)

STORRING, P. L.; BANGHAM, D. R.; COTES, P. MARY; GAINES, ROSE E.; JEFFCOATE, S. L. Author Information
The Extraction of Europium from Monazite Residues and the Preparation of Pure Europium Compounds (1936)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Extraction of Europium from Monazite Residues and the Preparation of Pure Europium CompoundsHerbert N. McCoyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1936, 58, 11, 2279–2281Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1936Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1936https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01302a056RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views138Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (334 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Development of Electroless Copper Plating (2002)

A review is made on the application areas and the development of technics of electroless copper plating. The research works on the mechanism of electroless copper plating are also summarized. Some research problems needed to be settled in the future are indicated.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND REACTIONS OF NOVEL 3‐CHLORO‐N‐(CHLORO(DIALKYLAMINO)METHYLENE)BENZO(B)THIOPHENE‐2‐CARBOXAMIDES (1980)

Abstract Die substituierten 3‐Chlor‐benzo[b]thiophen‐2‐carbonyl‐ Chloride (IIa‐f) bzw. (IIg) reagieren mit den Cyanamiden (III) zu den N‐Dialkylamino‐chlormethylen‐carboxamiden (Ia‐f) bzw. (IV).
Application of an external contactless conductivity detector for the analysis of beverages by microchip capillary electrophoresis (2005)

Quantitative total ionic analysis of alcoholic and nonalcoholic beverages was performed by microchip capillary electrophoresis with external contactless conductivity detection. An electrolyte solution consisting of 10.5 mM histidine, 50 mM acetic acid, and 2 mM 18-crown-6 at pH 4.1 was used for the determination of NH(4) (+), K(+), Ca(2+), Na(+), and Mg(2+). Fast analysis of Cl(-), NO(3) (-), and SO(4) (2-) was achieved in 20 mM 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid /histidine electrolyte solution at pH 6.0 and the simultaneous separation of up to 12 inorganic and organic anions was performed in a solution containing 10 mM His and 7 mM glutamic acid at pH 5.75. Limits of detection ranged from 90 to 250 mug/L for inorganic cations and anions, and from 200 to 2000 mug/L for organic anions and phosphate. Calibration curves showed linear dependencies over one to two orders of magnitude when the stacking effect was minimized by injecting standard solutions prepared in background electrolyte solutions. Total analysis times of 35 and 90 s were achieved for the determination of 5 inorganic cations and for the simultaneous determination of 12 inorganic and organic anions, respectively, which represents a considerable reduction of analysis time compared to conventional separation methods used in food analysis.
The effects of T cells and their products on in vitro healing of epitenon cell microwounds. (1994)

The purpose of the present investigation was to study the activity and behaviour of rat epitenon cells cultured in the presence of activated helper/inducer T lymphocytes and T-cell-derived cytokines interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-2, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). We measured the speed of healing of microwounded monolayers of epitenon cells as well as intercellular adhesion, cell proliferation and fibronectin production. The speed of monolayer healing was increased in the presence of activated CD4+ T lymphocytes and cytokines: TGF-beta > IL-2 > IL-1 > IFN-gamma. TGF-beta and IL-2 were also found to promote cell-cell adhesion; other cytokines had a minor effect. IL-2, IL-1 and IFN-gamma promoted [3H]thymidine incorporation in epitenon cells whereas TGF-beta had an inhibitory effect. Fibronectin production was studied with immunofluorescence staining methods. Activated CD4+ T lymphocytes and TGF-beta stimulated the deposition of fibronectin whereas other cytokines did not have a significant effect. Our results suggest that activated T lymphocytes and T-cell-derived cytokines, especially IL-2 and TGF-beta play a crucial role in the regulation of epitenon cell proliferation, adhesion and extracellular matrix production during in vitro microwound healing. As epitenon cells are the main cell type participating in tendon repair, factors regulating their activity may find application in clinical practice.
An XQuery engine for digital library systems (2003)

A standard query language is very helpful for interoperability among digital library systems over the Internet. We propose an XQuery engine that can be used as an XQuery processing module in a digital library system that supports XML documents. We assume generic digital library system architecture. It consists of four modules: a user interface, an XQuery engine, an information retrieval engine, and an XML repository. The XQuery engine parses an input XQuery and constructs a syntax tree for the query.
On Controlling Digital TV Set-Top-Box by Mobile Devices via IP Network (2006)

Digital TV already rises. Unlike the traditional TV system, the digital TV architecture allows users to execute application programs in their set-top-boxes. One of the benefits is that users can communicate interactively with others by executing certain applications via some channels, e.g., the Internet. However, the only control device in recent years is the remote controller, which is limited to the transmission range. In this paper, we devise a system that allows mobile appliances, e.g., mobile phones and laptops, to control our set-top-boxes. Due to the issue of compatibilities, we adopt MHP (multimedia home platform) as the middleware. The proposed system model is also compatible with the EPG (electronic program guide) architecture. Two services are provided: (1) viewing DTV contents online; (2) remotely commanding the set-top-box to record a DTV service. Assuming that in the future when every house will be equipped with a "personal multimedia server", this server will even process complex tasks such as transcoding and broadcasting. We believe that our system model is very feasible for future DTV systems and is applicable to advanced DTV applications.
Physiological compartmental analysis of α-linolenic acid metabolism in adult humans (2001)

A physiological compartmental model of alpha-linolenic acid metabolism was derived from the plasma concentration-time curves for d5-18:3n-3, d5-20:5n-3, d5-22:5n-3, and d5-22:6n-3 in eight healthy subjects. Subjects received a 1-g oral dose of an isotope tracer of alpha-linolenate (d5-18:3n-3 ethyl ester) while subsisting on a rigorously controlled beef-based diet. By utilizing the Windows Simulation and Analysis Modeling program, kinetic parameters were determined for each subject. Half-lives and mean transit times of the n-3 fatty acids in the plasma were also determined. The model predicted plasma values for the n-3 fatty acids in good accordance with the measured steady state concentrations and also predicted dietary linolenic acid intake for each subject in accordance with values determined by lipid analysis of the diet. Only about 0.2% of the plasma 18:3n-3 was destined for synthesis of 20:5n-3, approximately 63% of the plasma 20:5n-3 was accessible for production of 22:5n-3, and 37% of 22:5n-3 was available for synthesis of 22:6n-3. The inefficiency of the conversion of 18:3n-3 to 20:5n-3 indicates that the biosynthesis of long-chain n-3 PUFA from alpha-linolenic acid is limited in healthy individuals. In contrast, the much greater rate of transfer of mass from the plasma 20:5n-3 compartment to 22:5n-3 suggests that dietary eicosapentaenoic acid may be well utilized in the biosynthesis of 22:6n-3 in humans.
Overlapped Time Division Multiplexing System Using Turbo Product Code (2010)

A new coded Overlapped Time Division Multiplexing (OVTDM) system, called TPC-OVTDM, is presented in this paper. The new scheme uses Turbo Product Code (TPC) as Forward Error Correcting (FEC) code in OVTDM system. Through analyzing the uncoded OVTDM signal structure and its Bit Error Rate (BER) in low-to-moderate Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), utilizing an FEC with fast iterative convergence behavior is a good choice. TPC satisfies the requirement and is easy to be implemented in hardware. Simulation results also show that with the increase of spectral efficiency, the TPC-OVTDM scheme can achieve greater coding gain than TPC plus Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (TPC-QAM) under the condition of same spectral efficiency. In addition, the new scheme proposed in this paper makes system's cardinality of signal constellation increase polynomially with spectral efficiency, rather than that of QAM signal which grows exponentially.
The Tryptophan Hydroxylase of Chromobacterium violaceum (1974)

Abstract A tryptophan hydroxylase has been purified approximately 20-fold from Chromobacterium violaceum. The enzyme is inducible and it is induced to a greater extent by phenylalanine than by tryptophan. The hydroxylation requires molecular oxygen and a reduced pteridine, and has a further requirement for the addition of a sulfhydryl compound. No evidence for the further metabolism of the product, 5-hydroxy-tryptophan, could be obtained. The enzyme is inhibited by phenylalanine and p-chlorophenylalanine. It acts on d-tryptophan to some extent. The enzyme is different from the phenylalanine hydroxylase also produced by the organism.
RFID usage for monitoring drug dispensing in hospitals (2012)

Medication errors during drug dispensing are common problems in healthcare and can cause serious problems both for patients and staff. Many information systems have been developed to prevent that the occurrence of such errors. However, poorly designed and developed computer systems may prove to be useless or difficult to use. \n\nIn this design science research, we have built a simple drug dispensing and administrating model to analyse possible errors. Based on that model, we designed and developed a prototype software application that utilise UHF RFID technology and can be used to monitor drug dispensing and administrating in a simulated hospital environment. \n\nWe have also designed and carried out experiments based on the drug dispensing model. Relevant data was collected during the experiments and processed by the purposely developed software application system. The generated detection graphs allowed the identification and analysis of errors that occurred during the simulations. This proved that the RFID technology can help to detect and understand medication errors. However, the low detection performance for shorter small time periods such as 10sec and some hardware related problems pose certain challenges to the design and development of RFID-based systems.
Application of Real-Time PCR Stool Assay for Helicobacter pylori Detection and Clarithromycin Susceptibility Testing in Brazilian Children (2011)

This assay proved to be appropriate for H. pylori clarithromycin susceptibility testing, particularly in children populations where a high prevalence of clarithromycin-resistant strains is suspected.
Zn(II)-Benzotriazolate Clusters Based Amide Functionalized Porous Coordination Polymers with High CO<sub>2</sub> Adsorption Selectivity (2014)

Two new porous coordination polymers (PCPs) based on different nanosized C3 symmetry ligands and Zn(II)-benzotriazolate clusters have been synthesized solvothermally. Both of the desolvated complexes show selective uptake of CO2 over CH4 and N2 at ambient temperature.
Serum resistin levels in critically ill patients are associated with inflammation, organ dysfunction and metabolism and may predict survival of non-septic patients (2009)

Serum resistin concentrations are elevated in acute inflammation due to sepsis or systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). The close correlation with other acute phase proteins suggests a predominant, clinically relevant resistin release from macrophages in ICU patients. Moreover, resistin could potentially serve as a prognostic biomarker in non-sepsis critically ill patients.
Randomised controlled trial of novel, simple, and well supervised weight reducing diets in outpatients (1998)

Dietary treatment can achieve as much weight loss in obese outpatients over 16 weeks as has been reported for the most successful drug treatment, but compliance with the prescribed diet is poor unless the diet is novel and simple.
A multi-centre clinical evaluation of reactive oxygen topical wound gel in 114 wounds (2016)

Matthew Dryden has become a shareholder in Matoke Holdings, the manufacturer of Surgihoney RO, since the completion of this study. Keith Cutting is a consultant to Matoke Holdings.
The Effect of Galanthanine Hydrobromide on Plasma ACTH in Patients Undergoing Anaesthesia and Surgery (1980)

The effects of two anticholinesterases, galanthamine and neostigmine, on ACTH and, in some cases, cortisol were compared in 16 patients undergoing relaxant anaesthesia and surgery for varicose veins. The procedures produced increases both in ACTH and cortisol. Following administration of the study drugs to reverse the non‐depolarising neuromuscular block, a statistically significant elevation of ACTH occurred in those patients who received galanthamine. It was concluded, therefore, that the rise in plasma cortisol is ACTH‐dependent and not due to a peripheral cholinergic mechanism.
Scalp Flaps (1991)

The particular anatomy of the scalp largely dictates utilization of its parts and adjacent attached integument for reconstructive purposes. Unusually large movements of scalp skin are generally required with a variety of basic techniques and ancillary procedures. Rotation flaps are considered the prime "work-horses" for scalp flap reconstructions. Anatomic factors will be interspersed with clinical applications, and a series of photographs and commentary will highlight these considerations.
Youth Exposure to Violence in an Urban Setting (2014)

To inform a city-wide youth Violence Prevention Initiative, we explored youth narratives about their exposure to violence to gain insight into their understanding of the causes and effects of violence in their communities. At-risk youth were recruited through street outreach for individual interviews and focus group sessions. Types of experiential violence identified included (1) street, (2) family/interpersonal, (3) school, (4) indirect exposure (e.g., neighborhood crime), and (5) prejudice/discrimination. Reactions ranged from motivating positive effects (resilience, determination to escape) to negative effects (fear, paranoia, and aggression). For some, experiences with violence motivated them to pursue educational achievement and positive lifestyles. Causes of violence were described by participants as existing at a number of different levels (societal, neighborhood, interpersonal, and individual), reflecting a social-ecological perspective. Our findings highlight a need for violence prevention efforts that focus on a broad definition of violence, as well as on the poly-victimization of children and youth. At the same time, our findings highlight the challenges of conducting effective community-based prevention programs in urban settings characterized by spatial inequalities and social exclusion of community residents.
Comparative Efficacy of a Soft Toothbrush with Tapered-tip Bristles and an ADA Reference Toothbrush on Established Gingivitis and Supragingival Plaque over a 12-Week Period. (2016)

This study demonstrated that a soft toothbrush with tapered-tip bristles provided a significantly greater reduction in supragingival plaque after a single tooth brushing, as well as after six and 12 weeks of twice-daily use, compared to the ADA Toothbrush. After six and 12 weeks of twice-daily use, it also provided a significantly greater reduction in gingivitis as compared to the ADA Toothbrush.
Birth weight, postnatal weight gain, and adult body composition in five low and middle income countries (2011)

BW and weight trajectories up to 24 months tend to be more strongly associated with adult fat-free mass than with fat mass, while weight trajectories in mid-childhood predict both fat mass and fat-free mass.