gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Energy Audit of Building: A Case Study of A Commercial Building in Shanghai (2010)

The paper presents a detailed study of building energy audit through a case study about a commercial building in Shanghai. Recorder data of energy consumption of each building service system are used to diagnose the weak points of the building energy-usage system, tap latent power and then a detailed energy audit study are presented. By conducting an investigation of the energy consumption, the energy audit focuses mainly on the equipment consumption, especial on air-conditioning system, electronically equipments, lighting system, and elevators, etc. During the energy audit investigation, field-measurement of the indoor environment has been carried out in winter. Indoor temperature, relative humidity and CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> concentration have been measured during the field-measurement. Based on the energy audit results on the total energy consumption of the building from 2005 to 2008, outer climate and office occupancy rate are two leading factors for the change of the total energy consumption. The energy consumption of the air-conditioning system is at the first place, which accounts for about 45%. The energy consumption of the lighting system is just less than 10%. Some measures are put forward to increase energy efficiency.
Low Voltage Blue-Phase LCDs With Double-Penetrating Fringe Fields (2010)

A blue-phase liquid crystal display (BP-LCD) with an in-plane switching (IPS) electrode and etched substrate for generating double-penetrating fringe fields is proposed. An etching depth of 1-2 helps to lower the operating voltage by 30%. This etched IPS BP-LCD also exhibits a wider viewing angle than the conventional one because of the created multi-domain structures in the etched areas. Physical mechanisms responsible for the observed phenomena are discussed.
The dipeptide permease of <i>Escherichia coli</i> closely resembles other bacterial transport systems and shows growth‐phase‐dependent expression (1994)

The dipeptide permease (Dpp) of Escherichia coli transports peptides consisting of two or three L-amino acids. The periplasmic dipeptide-binding protein (DBP), encoded by the dppA gene, also serves as a chemoreceptor. We sequenced the dpp locus, which comprises an operon of five genes, dppABCDE. Its organization is the same as the oligopeptide permease (opp) operon of Salmonella typhimurium and the spo0K operon of Bacillus subtilis. The dpp genes are also closely related to the hbpA gene, which encodes a haem-binding lipoprotein, and four other genes in an unlinked operon of unknown function in Haemophilus influenzae. Each Dpp protein has an Opp, Spo0K and H. influenzae homologue. Transcription of the dpp operon initiates 165 bases upstream of the predicted dppA start codon. The start site for transcription is preceded by potential -35 and -10 regions of a sigma 70 promoter. During exponential growth in Luria-Bertani (LB) broth, the level of dpp mRNA increases in two steps, one between A590 0.2 and 0.4 and one between A590 0.7 and 1.0. The 310 nucleotides between dppA and dppB include a RIP (repetitive IHF-binding palindromic) element, whose deletion from a multi-copy plasmid causes fivefold and 10-fold reductions in the levels of upstream and downstream dpp mRNA, respectively.
Differential mechanisms of radiosensitization by 2-deoxy-D-glucose in the monolayers and multicellular spheroids of a human glioma cell line (2006)

In vitro studies using monolayer cultures of human tumor cell lines have shown that 2-DG selectively inhibits energy-dependent DNA repair and cellular recovery processes in cancer cells. However, monolayer cultures differ greatly from the complex environmental conditions generated in solid tumors that develop inhomogeneous hypoxic and necrotic regions. In contrast, multicellular spheroids mimic heterogeneous cellular behavior and the consequent functional characteristics of in vivo solid tumors, and serve as important in vitro model to investigate tumor biology and responses to potential therapeutic agents. The present study compares the radiomodification by 2-DG in monolayer cultures and spheroids of a human glioma cell line (BMG-1) to gain insight into the effects in solid tumors. In spheroids, the glucose consumption (2.1 p mole/cell/h) and lactate production (3.67 p mole/cell/h) was nearly 2-3 fold higher than in monolayer cells (0.83 and 1.43 p mole/cell/h respectively). Presence of 2-DG (5 mM) for 2-4 h inhibited the glucose usage and lactate production by 70% in spheroids, while a 35% reduction was observed in monolayer cells. Under these conditions, 2-DG drastically enhanced the radiation-induced cell death of spheroids (by 2-3 folds); while a 40% increase was observed in monolayer cells. Radiosensitization by 2-DG in monolayer cells was primarily due to an increase in mitotic death (23%) linked to cytogenetic damage (micronuclei), whereas a profound induction of apoptosis (40%) accounted for the sensitization in spheroids. Although the Bcl-2 and Bax levels were significantly higher in spheroids, Bcl-2/Bax ratio was similar in monolayers and spheroids. Comet assay revealed a late onset of DNA breaks in the presence of 2- DG following irradiation only in spheroids, which corroborated well with the late onset of oxidative stress. 2-DG did not induce a significant cell cycle delay in monolayers, while a transient G(2) delay was apparent in spheroids.
An Ultra-low Vibration Cryocooling Kit Based on a Miniature Rotary Compressor (2015)

The problem of active cooling for photo detectors in “nano-satellites” becomes more important because the majority of space missions target Earth observation, and passive cooling does not provide the required temperatures to achieve the desired Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) levels. Reciprocating compressors used in cryocoolers cause vibrations. VERT Rotors has developed a miniature Conical Rotary Compressor (CRC) with a 1:12 pressure ratio to enable an active heat management system for small satellites (Rotary Cooling System, or ROCS). The main differentiation of CRC is that it runs with virtually no vibration which is beneficial for operation with image sensors in a small hull. With a high compression ratio ROCS is designed to remove 20W of heat, cool to 120-150K, and run at COP >1 (using less energy for operation than it removes). A prototype of the compressor has been tested, and the ROCS system is undergoing laboratory tests.
Transition of Extremely Low-Birth-Weight Infants From Adolescence to Young Adulthood (2006)

Our study results indicate that a significant majority of former ELBW infants have overcome their earlier difficulties to become functional young adults.
Issues of resource management in two-layer GMPLS networks with virtual network services (2005)

We discuss several aspects of two-layer resource management in a novel networking scenario in which virtual network services are dynamically, and on-demand, provisioned in automatically switched optical transport networks. We consider a number of resource management mechanisms characteristic of the automatic switching paradigm in a heterogeneous transport optical network. Those mechanisms provide the basis for defining different operational strategies or service level agreements for on-demand resource provisioning. We perform a simulation study to illustrate, in terms of blocking probability, the impact of different implementation decisions, such as selective switching capability offerings, different link weighting and link bundling schemes, resource latency, bidirectionality of resources and resource sharing approaches.
Continuous wave 2.9 μm dysprosium-doped fluoride fiber laser (2003)

Single-mode room-temperature cw laser emission on the H13/26→H15/26 2.9 μm phonon terminated electronic transition of Dy3+ is demonstrated. The maximum output power of 0.275 W was generated at a slope efficiency of 4.5% (with respect to the absorbed pump power) when a Dy3+-doped ZBLAN fiber laser was tandem pumped with the ∼1100 nm output from a diode-cladding-pumped Yb3+-doped silica fiber laser.
Clinical application of high-throughput genomic technologies for treatment selection in breast cancer (2013)

Large-scale collaborative initiatives using next-generation DNA sequencing and other high-throughput technologies have begun to characterize the genomic landscape of breast cancer. These landmark studies have identified infrequent driver mutations that are potential targets for therapeutic intervention with approved or investigational drug treatments, among other important discoveries. Recently, many institutions have launched molecular screening programs that apply high-throughput genomic technologies to patients with advanced solid malignancies, including breast cancer, to inform clinical decision-making. This article provides an overview of the recent molecular insights in breast cancer, including potentially actionable somatic alterations, the technological platforms currently available in a clinical diagnostics setting to detect these alterations, and ongoing institutional or regional molecular screening programs in advanced breast cancer.
The Role of Personal Chat in LINE Aplication in the Helping Behavior of Students at the Faculty of Psychology Universitas Padjadjaran (2017)

Social media has become an important platform in human interaction. Through its main function to facilitate communication, LINE is being used by a lot of people to spread online forms in a group chat that consists a lot of people. This sort of usage is categorized as asking for help from others. In previous research about bystander effect in Yahoo! messenger, a significant difference was found in the amount of people who performed helping behavior when their names were mentioned specifically in the group chat as compared to when their names were not. The current research was conducted to investigate whether using personal chat will be more effective for getting help. The experiment used a within-participant posttest only design (N=38). The participants joined a chat in which they were asked for help to fill out a questionnaire through a group chat. After their behaviors were recorded, they were asked to fill out the same questionnaire through personal chat. McNemar Test indicated a significant difference between helping behaviors in the group chat and personal chat conditions. Implications for helping behavior practices in social media are discussed further in this article.
Proceso de interacción entre partículas (1993)

En este artículo se dan las ideas fundamentales sobre la dinámica de partículas en procesos de interacción entre ellas, es así como se introducen los llamados Invariantes cinemáticos.
Dynamic learning rate optimization of the backpropagation algorithm (1995)

It has been observed by many authors that the backpropagation (BP) error surfaces usually consist of a large amount of flat regions as well as extremely steep regions. As such, the BP algorithm with a fixed learning rate will have low efficiency. This paper considers dynamic learning rate optimization of the BP algorithm using derivative information. An efficient method of deriving the first and second derivatives of the objective function with respect to the learning rate is explored, which does not involve explicit calculation of second-order derivatives in weight space, but rather uses the information gathered from the forward and backward propagation, Several learning rate optimization approaches are subsequently established based on linear expansion of the actual outputs and line searches with acceptable descent value and Newton-like methods, respectively. Simultaneous determination of the optimal learning rate and momentum is also introduced by showing the equivalence between the momentum version BP and the conjugate gradient method. Since these approaches are constructed by simple manipulations of the obtained derivatives, the computational and storage burden scale with the network size exactly like the standard BP algorithm, and the convergence of the BP algorithm is accelerated with in a remarkable reduction (typically by factor 10 to 50, depending upon network architectures and applications) in the running time for the overall learning process. Numerous computer simulation results are provided to support the present approaches.
Potential of microbial‐derived nutrients for aquaculture development (2016)

Abstract Fisheries and aquaculture products will have a lead role in satisfying the food requirements of the growing human population. The fish meal required for the manufacture of aquaculture feeds represents a limited resource having high demand. Unconventional sources of nutrients have been intensely researched and among these, the microbial biomass produced from heterotrophic and autotrophic microorganisms has been considered as a promising substitute for animal‐ and plant‐derived ingredients. Several studies have shown that different species of yeast, bacteria and microalgae are viable for high density culture and show excellent nutritional characteristics for terrestrial and aquatic animals. Such features have lead to additional research to upscale production and although production costs are still high; novel, sophisticated methods have focused on utilizing alternative substrates for producing microbial biomass. The aquaculture industry requires renewable nutrient sources that can yield high quality protein and other essential nutrients. In this context, the nutritional characteristics of microorganisms and the emerging technologies aimed to produce microbial biomass allow forecasting increased applications. The present manuscript reviews the current state of the production and use of microorganisms as dietary ingredients in aquaculture nutrition, with emphasis on those showing solid potential as functional additives and fish meal replacement ingredients. A synthesis of recent results on the effects promoted by the dietary inclusion of microbial biomass is presented, underlining the employment of different sources of yeast, bacteria and microalgae and the physiological ability of aquatic animals to utilize these alternative nutrient sources.
New Phase in the System Lead Chromate-Lead Molybdate. (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew Phase in the System Lead Chromate-Lead Molybdate.J. E. Bishop and A. R. HankeCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1961, 6, 4, 570–571Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/je60011a027https://doi.org/10.1021/je60011a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views64Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Object-oriented recursive descent parsing in C# (2003)

An object-oriented recursive descent parsing technique that is suitable for use in advanced programming classes where no language theory is required is presented. The C# code for a calculator is shown as an example.
3‐D multiobservable probabilistic inversion for the compositional and thermal structure of the lithosphere and upper mantle. I:<i>a priori</i>petrological information and geophysical observables (2013)

Traditional inversion techniques applied to the problem of characterizing the thermal and compositional structure of the upper mantle are not well suited to deal with the nonlinearity of the problem, the trade‐off between temperature and compositional effects on wave velocities, the nonuniqueness of the compositional space, and the dissimilar sensitivities of physical parameters to temperature and composition. Probabilistic inversions, on the other hand, offer a powerful formalism to cope with all these difficulties, while allowing for an adequate treatment of the intrinsic uncertainties associated with both data and physical theories. This paper presents a detailed analysis of the two most important elements controlling the outputs of probabilistic (Bayesian) inversions for temperature and composition of the Earth's mantle, namely the a priori information on model parameters, ρ ( m ), and the likelihood function, L ( m ). The former is mainly controlled by our current understanding of lithosphere and mantle composition, while the latter conveys information on the observed data, their uncertainties, and the physical theories used to relate model parameters to observed data. The benefits of combining specific geophysical datasets (Rayleigh and Love dispersion curves, body wave tomography, magnetotelluric, geothermal, petrological, gravity, elevation, and geoid), and their effects on L ( m ), are demonstrated by analyzing their individual and combined sensitivities to composition and temperature as well as their observational uncertainties. The dependence of bulk density, electrical conductivity, and seismic velocities to major‐element composition is systematically explored using Monte Carlo simulations. We show that the dominant source of uncertainty in the identification of compositional anomalies within the lithosphere is the intrinsic nonuniqueness in compositional space. A general strategy for defining ρ ( m ) is proposed based on statistical analyses of a large database of natural mantle samples collected from different tectonic settings (xenoliths, abyssal peridotites, ophiolite samples, etc.). This strategy relaxes more typical and restrictive assumptions such as the use of local/limited xenolith data or compositional regionalizations based on age‐composition relations. We demonstrate that the combination of our ρ ( m ) with a L ( m ) that exploits the differential sensitivities of specific geophysical observables provides a general and robust inference platform to address the thermochemical structure of the lithosphere and sublithospheric upper mantle. An accompanying paper deals with the integration of these two functions into a general 3‐D multiobservable Bayesian inversion method and its computational implementation.
The Absolute Maximum of the Likelihood Function of the Rice Distribution: Existence and Uniqueness (2008)

The Rice probability density function has received considerable attention for its various important technical and scientific applications. One of the more attractive techniques for extracting the distribution parameters, and possibly the most frequently applied, relies on the maximization of the likelihood function for a given set of experimentally determined samples, and many applications are documented in the literature. This paper offers a mathematical analysis which demonstrates that, subject to conditions universally verified in physical systems, an absolute maximum exists, and it is the unique point internal to the domain of existence which zeroes the gradient of the likelihood function. In all previous results, the presence of additional maxima, which are possibly larger than the one that had numerically been found, could not be excluded. We can incidentally state that this paper demonstrates that all previous results based on numerically finding a maximum indeed corresponded to absolute maxima. The mathematical derivations offered here are also suggestive of actions capable of improving the insight into the maximum-likelihood technique and its numerical implementation.
An Inverse Scattering Approach to Soft Fault Diagnosis in Lossy Electric Transmission Lines (2011)

In this paper, the diagnosis of soft faults in lossy electric transmission lines is studied through the inverse scattering approach, extending a recently reported study on lossless transmission lines. The considered soft faults are modeled as continuous spatial variations of distributed characteristic parameters of transmission lines. The diagnosis of such faults from reflection and transmission coefficients measured at the ends of a line can be formulated as an inverse problem. The relationship between this inverse problem and the inverse scattering theory has been studied by Jaulent in 1982 through transformations from the telegrapher's equations of transmission lines to Zakharov-Shabat equations. The present paper clarifies and completes the computation of the theoretic scattering data required by the inverse scattering transform from the practically measured engineering scattering data. The inverse scattering method is then applied to numerically simulated lossy transmission lines to confirm the feasibility of the studied approach to soft fault diagnosis.
Lack of Separation Principle for Quantized Linear Quadratic Gaussian Control (2012)

This technical note studies the quantized linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) control problem which is generalized from the classical LQG control but with the constraint that the feedback signal is quantized with a fixed bit rate. We show that state feedback control, state estimation and quantization can not be fully separated in general. Only a weak separation principle holds which converts the quantized LQG control problem into a quantized state estimation problem. Further separation of estimation and quantization is not possible in general. A concrete example is provided to demonstrate this fact. It is also shown that the so-called “whitening” approach to quantized state estimation is not optimal.
Multichannel detection using transmissive diffraction grating sensor (2011)

Abstract We report a novel transmissive diffraction grating pH sensor made of pH‐sensitive hydrogel. The sensor provides inherently multichannels for a flexible selection of different detection ranges, without involving any additional tuning mechanisms or using multiple sensing elements. Each transmitted diffraction order from the hydrogel grating forms an individual detection channel dedicated to a specific pH range. This unique feature is achieved, simply by enabling hydrogel ridges of the grating to swell effectively in lateral directions, while inhibiting the ridges from swelling in vertical direction and keeping grating period unchanged. Thus by looking at different diffraction orders and measuring their intensity ratio, it is possible to achieve tunable dynamic detection range. Besides, this approach can lead to a high‐sensitivity sensor for detecting subtle pH variations in a narrow pH range near the volume‐phase transition point of hydrogel, with the resolution at the level of 10 −3 pH units. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2011
Data for: Solid-State Laser Intra-Cavity Photothermal Gas Sensor (2020)

Data set for publication in Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical.
Audiovisual speech synthesis. from ground truth to models (2002)

We present here the main approaches used to synthesize and drive talking faces. Illustrative systems are described. We distinguish between facial synthesis itself (i.e the manner in which facial movements are rendered on a computer screen), and the way these movements may be controlled and predicted using phonetic input. We then focus on the necessity to capture, model and render with maximum fidelity the intimate coherence of the facial deformations observed on a human face.