gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Advanced Accelerated Power Cycling Test for Reliability Investigation of Power Device Modules (2016)

This paper presents an apparatus and methodology for an advanced accelerated power cycling test of insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) modules. In this test, the accelerated power cycling test can be performed under more realistic electrical operating conditions with online wear-out monitoring of tested power IGBT module. The various realistic electrical operating conditions close to real three-phase converter applications can be achieved by the simple control method. Further, by the proposed concept of applying the temperature stress, it is possible to apply various magnitudes of temperature swing in a short cycle period and to change the temperature cycle period easily. Thanks to a short temperature cycle period, test results can be obtained in a reasonable test time. A detailed explanation of apparatus such as configuration and control methods for the different functions of accelerated power cycling test setup is given. Then, an improved in situ junction temperature estimation method using on-state collector-emitter voltage V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">CE_ON</sub> and load current is proposed. In addition, a procedure of advanced accelerated power cycling test and test results with 600 V, 30 A transfer molded IGBT modules are presented in order to verify the validity and effectiveness of the proposed apparatus and methodology. Finally, physics-of-failure analysis of tested IGBT modules is provided.
Puromycin. Synthetic Studies. XIII. Synthesis of 6-Dimethylamino-9-(3'-amino-3'-deoxy-β-D-arabinofuranosyl)- purine (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPuromycin. Synthetic Studies. XIII. Synthesis of 6-Dimethylamino-9-(3'-amino-3'-deoxy-β-D-arabinofuranosyl)- purineB. R. Baker and Robert E. SchaubCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 22, 5900–5905Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01627a037https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01627a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views419Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Velocity Effects on Conical Structure Ice Loads (2002)

Existing design codes and most methods for ice load calculation for conical structures do not take velocity effects into account. They were developed as an upper bound estimate for the load from slow moving ice which fails in bending against the cone. Velocity effects can be ignored when the structure is designed for an area with slow ice movement, for example, the nearshore Beaufort Sea. Sakhalin structures will be exposed to ice moving at velocities up to about 1.5 m/sec. Model tests show that quasi-static methods may underestimate the ice load on a steep cone when the interaction velocity is that high. The present paper summarizes results of published model tests with conical structures that show a velocity effect. An empirical correction factor to the Ralston method is developed to account for the increase in cone load with ice velocity. The paper also discusses velocity effects on ice failure length and possible transition from bending failure to an alternative failure mode when the ice velocity is high.
Synthetic peptides representing the N-terminal segment of surfactant protein C modulate LPS-stimulated TNF-α production by macrophages (2009)

Surfactant protein C (SP-C) consists of a hydrophobic alpha-helix inserted in pulmonary surfactant membranes, and a more polar N-terminal palmitoylated segment exposed to the aqueous phase. Previously, we showed that SP-C inserted in lipid vesicles interacts with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and reduces LPS-elicited responses. As the N-terminal segment of SP-C was the most likely region responsible for these effects, a set of synthetic analogs of this stretch (SPC((1-13)) ) were studied. Binding studies showed that SPC((1-13)) binds LPS to the same extent as porcine SP-C under lipid-free conditions. In the absence of serum, both, palmitoylated and non-palmitoylated analogs enhanced the binding of tritiated LPS to macrophages as well as the LPS-induced production of TNF-alpha by these cells. These effects were reversed in the presence of serum; the analogs reduced the production of TNF-alpha in LPS-stimulated macrophages, probably by interfering with the formation of LPS/CD14/LBP complexes as suggested by analysis of the fluorescence emitted by a FITC derivative of Re-LPS. Our data indicate that water-soluble analogs of the N-terminal segment of SP-C can reduce LPS effects in the presence of serum, and thus might help in the design of new derivatives to fight endotoxic shock and pro-inflammatory events.
A Theoretical Examination of the Acid-Catalyzed and Noncatalyzed Ring-Opening Reaction of an Oxirane by Nucleophilic Addition of Acetate. Implications to Epoxide Hydrolases (2001)

Ab initio and density functional calculations have been performed to gain a better understanding of the epoxide ring-opening reaction catalyzed by epoxide hydrolase. The S(N)2 reaction of acetate with 1S,2S-trans-2-methylstyrene oxide to provide the corresponding diol acetate ester was studied with and without general-acid catalysis. MP2 and DFT (B3LYP) calculations predict, for the noncatalyzed reaction, a central barrier of approximately 20-21 kcal/mol separating the reactants from products depending on which carbon center in the epoxide is undergoing attack. From these gas-phase reactions the immediate alkoxide products are not energetically far below their associated transition states such that the reaction is predicted to be endothermic. Inclusion of aqueous solvation effects via a polarizable continuum model predicts the activation barrier to increase by almost 10 kcal/mol due to the solvation of the acetate ion nucleophile. The activation barrier for the epoxide ring-opening reaction is reduced to approximately 10 kcal/mol when phenol, as the general-acid catalyst, is included in the gas-phase calculations. This is due to the immediate product being the neutral ester rather than the corresponding alkoxide. The transition state in the general-acid-catalyzed reaction is earlier than that for the noncatalyzed reaction and the reaction is highly exothermic. Molecular mechanics calculations of 1S,2S-trans-2-methylstyrene oxide in the active site of murine epoxide hydrolase show two possible binding conformations. Both conformers have the epoxide oxygen forming hydrogen bonds with the acidic hydrogens of the catalytic tyrosines (Tyr381 and Tyr465). These two conformations likely lead to different products since the nucleophile (Asp333-CO(2)(-)) is positioned to react with either carbon center in the epoxide.
Bevacizumab for the treatment of recurrent ovarian cancer: a retrospective cohort study. (2013)

With increased toxicity, increased cost of therapy and no improvement in PFS or OS, the role of bevacizumab in patients with recurrent ovarian cancer warrants further investigation.
Toxicogenomics screening of small molecules using high-density, nanocapillary real-time PCR (1998)

Compounds which induce toxicity through similar mechanisms lead to characteristic gene expression patterns. The concept that structurally similar compounds may have similar biological profiles, the so-called generalized neighborhood behavior, is less obvious to be demonstrated. We screened 625 compounds from a fully combinatorial library for their gene expression profiles in vitro over a selected toxicity panel of 56 genes. We used the novel nanocapillary, quantitative real-time PCR OpenArray technology that is coupling outstanding analytical performance with the medium-throughput ideal for such a sample-per-feature ratio. Applying a hybrid clustering on the gene expression data, correlation was analyzed between molecular scaffold and biological fingerprint. Structurally highly dissimilar, but similarly hepatotoxic compounds show similar fingerprint on our toxicity panel, however compounds of the same scaffold and of unknown biological effect do not always share similar fingerprints. Out of 12 different scaffolds, 4 families show non-correlating, uniform distribution among clusters whilst 8 families show neighborhood behavior of varying strength. Structurally not similar compounds may have highly similar biological activity, on the other hand, compounds of the same scaffold family do not all share the same biological effects based on toxicology related gene expression fingerprint.
Synchrotron-radiation-induced, selective-area deposition of gold on polyimide from solution (2000)

Room-temperature photoinduced, selective-area deposition of gold films on polyimide from gold salt solution using synchrotron radiation x rays is described. A film growth rate as high as 40 nm/min is obtained. For thickness &lt;50 nm, the films consist of nanograins with a grain size of about 200 nm. For thicker films, gold deposit forms a ramified morphology on top of the nanograin film. The change in morphology is discussed in terms of the change in the yield of the photoelectrons generated by x rays as a function of growth.
SYNTHESIS OF HOMO-<i>N</i>-NUCLEOSIDE WITH 1,2,4-TRIAZOLE-3-CARBOXAMIDE (2005)

On the basis of potent biological activities of ribavirin and homo-N-nucleosides, a novel homo-N-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide derivative 1 was synthesized starting from 2,3,5-tri-O-benzoylribofuranosyl-1-acetate as a potential antiviral agent.
Red Cell Differentiation and their Organellae (1959)

The problem of the cell differentiation has been discussed from the view point of hemoglobin synthesis and the related functions of organellae in the erythroid series. Microspectrophotometry on the etythroblasts and denucleated cells reveal that the hemoglobin synthesis takes place most actively after the denucleation in the stage of reticulocytes. Morphologic observations show that the reticulocytes have mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum. Cytochemical studies lead to the conclusion that the endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for the globin synthesis for which the energy is supplied by the mitochondria which still retain the marked enzyme activities. The heme synthesis seems to be conducted by the mitochondria which are proven to have the ability to accumulate iron introduced intravenously.The theory of the intranuclear hemoglobin synthesis is not so conclusive, because there are several evidences suggesting the penetration of hemoglobin from the cytoplasm into the nucleus in the course of the maturation of erythroblasts. Thus the anthor is of the opinion that the differentiation of red cells from their mother cells to the matured cells is led by the functional differentiation of the cytoplasmic organellae, mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum, but not by the functional differentiation of nucleus.
A sampled-analog rank-order-filter architecture (2002)

We propose a sampled-analog rank-order filter (ROF) architecture of complexity O(n/sup 2/). It yields a very compact structure because the devices used are essentially of minimum geometry. Its sole active building block being the simple CMOS inverter, the circuit exhibits an excellent low-voltage compatibility. Furthermore, it can support a rail-to-rail input range. It is inherently fast due to the fully parallel signal processing, and the speed is expected to increase with technological scaling at the same rate as purely digital circuitry. Finally, it supports full programmability of the rank by means of an analog reference voltage. The ROF is based on a pair of multiple-winners-take-all (mWTA) circuits and a set of AND gates. The paper includes a description of the architecture and a detailed analysis of the mWTA. Most relevant design issues are addressed, and experimental results obtained from a fabricated ROF are presented.
Hot topics in autism: cognitive deficits, cognitive style, and joint attention dysfunction. (2005)

This review has touched on selected hot topic issues in autism research. There are other exciting developments in the field, including advances in neuroimaging and genetics. Such advances notwithstanding, an understanding of the social and cognitive features of autism reviewed here has great importance. For example, research in our laboratory is focused on identifying factors that may underlie the JA deficit in autism. A better understanding of these factors would improve predictions about the presentation of the disorder in early infancy, as well as better target interventions on pivotal skills and behaviors. In addition to implications for research, concepts such as JA, ToM, EF, and central coherence can help health care providers develop a fuller picture of both the strengths and impairments that characterize autism spectrum disorders. This can help providers better understand autism not as a collection of isolated symptoms, but as a description of a population of children with syndrome-specific strengths and weakness.
SOME ASPECTS OF LIVER CHOLESTEROL METABOLISM IN THE RAT (1963)

Abstract not available
Temperature-Dependent Photoluminescence Characteristics of GeSn Epitaxial Layers (2016)

Ge1–xSnx epitaxial heterostructures are emerging as prominent candidates for the monolithic integration of light sources on Si substrates. Here we propose a suitable explanation for their temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL) that is based upon the so far disregarded optical activity of dislocations. By working at the onset of plastic relaxation, which occurs whenever the epilayer releases the strain accumulated during growth on the lattice-mismatched substrate, we demonstrate that dislocation nucleation can be explicitly seen in the PL data. Notably, our findings point out that a monotonic thermal PL quenching can be observed in coherent films, in spite of the indirect nature of the Ge1–xSnx band-gap. Our investigation, therefore, contributes to a deeper understanding of the recombination dynamics in this intriguing group IV alloy and offers insights into crucial phenomena shaping the light emission efficiency.
E-079 High intramural signal on T1-weighted vessel wall imaging predicts growth of non-saccular intracranial aneurysms (2018)

To study the vessel wall imaging characteristics of non-saccular aneurysms on high resolution magnetic resonance images. A review of a prospective aneurysm database at our institution was performed to identify all consecutive patients with intracranial non-saccular aneurysms with vessel wall imaging. Patients were divided into two groups: 1) those with stable aneurysms and 2) those with growing/unstable aneurysms. Clinical and radiographic characteristics including mural enhancement and intrinsic high T1 signal were compared between the two groups using Fisher’s exact test and students t-test. All images were reviewed by two independent neuroradiologists with a senior neuroradiologist resolving discrepancies. Twenty-four non-saccular aneurysms in 22 consecutive patients with more than 12-month-follow-up were included (mean follow-up=37 months). Seven aneurysms (29.2%) grew and 17 (70.8%) were stable or regressed. AWT1H was detected in 20.8% (5/24) aneurysms, while AWE was detected in 95.8% (23/24) aneurysms. There was substantial to excellent inter-reader agreement for the assessment of aneurysmal wall T1 hyper-intensity (AWT1H) (κ=0.92), and of aneurysmal wall enhancement (AWE) (κ=0.65). Growing non-saccular aneurysms were significantly more likely to have intrinsic AWT1H (71.4%) than aneurysms which were stable (0, p<0.001). However, there was no difference between two groups when AWE was studied (p=1.000). High intrinsic T1 signal of aneurysm wall, rather than AWE on VWI is associated with growth of non-saccular aneurysms. <h3>Disclosures</h3> <b>Y. Fang:</b> None. <b>W. Brinjikji:</b> None. <b>I. Radovanovic:</b> None. <b>J. Byun:</b> None. <b>D. Mandell:</b> None. <b>T. Krings:</b> None. <b>V. Pereira:</b> None.
The effects of some organic acids and salts on the setting of gypsum plaster III. citrates (1966)

Abstract A study has been made of the effects of citric acid, potassium citrate and calcium citrate on the setting of calcium sulphate hemihydrate plaster, in continuation of previous studies on this reaction. 1,2 The citrates showed more complicated effects than the additives previously tested, and the following factors are taken into account in interpreting the experimental results: (i) formation of complexes, (ii) adsorption, (iii) metathesis and (iv) the accelerating effect of an alkali metal ion, if present.
Antiferromagnetic copper(II) halide adducts of copper(II) dithiocarbamates (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAntiferromagnetic copper(II) halide adducts of copper(II) dithiocarbamatesR. H. Furneaux and Ekk. SinnCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1977, 16, 7, 1809–1812Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50173a046https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50173a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views106Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
High voltage insulator contamination level monitoring with X-band microwave radiometer (2015)

This paper introduces a novel method for monitoring contamination levels on high voltage insulators based on microwave radiometry. The microwave radiometer described measures energy emitted from the contamination layer and could provide a safe, reliable, contactless monitoring method that is effective under dry conditions. The relationship between equivalent salt deposit density and radiometer output is described using a theoretical model and experimentally verified using a specially designed X-band radiometer. Results demonstrate that the output from the radiometer is able to clearly distinguish between samples with different contamination levels under dry conditions. This novel contamination monitoring method could potentially provide advance warning of the future failure of wet insulators in climates where insulators can experience dry conditions for extended periods.
Evaluation of retinal toxicity and efficacy of the anticytomegalovirus compound 2-amino-7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]purine (1995)

Compound 2242, also known as 2-amino-7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]purine, is the first known antivirally active nucleoside analog with the side chain substituted at the N-7 position of the purine ring system. Our purpose was to evaluate its retinal toxicity and assess the efficacy of its highest nontoxic concentration in a rabbit model of herpes simplex retinitis. Concentrations of the drug from 0.5 to 2,000 microM were injected intravitreally in twelve New Zealand White rabbits. Fundoscopic, histologic, and electrophysiologic data revealed no evidence of toxicity even at the highest dose of the compound. Dutch pigmented rabbits (n = 34) had their left eyes injected with herpes simplex virus type 1 3 days after, concurrently, or 3 days before intravitreal injection of either 2,000 microM compound 2242 or 480 microM ganciclovir (final concentration in the eye). Both compound 2242 and ganciclovir were equally effective compared with saline when administered simultaneously with the virus (P < 0.0001). In the 3-day pretreatment paradigm, compound 2242 was superior to ganciclovir (P < 0.04), but there was no clear difference between the two with regard to their effects on an established infection. The pharmacokinetics of compound 2242 in 10 rabbits injected intravitreally with 30 microM showed an intravitreal half-life of 8 h. This compound, which may be orally active in its pro form, has a very high therapeutic index in the eye and is more efficient than ganciclovir in this animal model of herpes retinitis.
A tendon skeletal finger model for evaluation of pinching effort (2009)

In this paper, we propose a tendon skeletal finger model and discuss which finger postures the human feels easy to pinch based on the tendon forces and the human experimental results. The finger model mimics a human tendon skeletal structure. The tendon forces during the pinching motion were simulated using the finger model. Simulation results show that the tendon forces closely mirror the human muscle activity. Sensory evaluation of subjective pinching effort was conducted with five subjects. The subject pinched five kinds of cylinders, from 20 [mm] to 100 [mm]. The pinching force and the surface EMGs were simultaneously measured in the experiment. Based on the human questionnaire tests, we investigated which finger postures the human feels easy to pinch a cylinder. The results show that the pattern of the EMGs measured by the experiment is very similar to that of the tendon forces calculated by the finger model simulation. This indicates that the tendon force is a useful index of the subjective pinching effort and it can be used for the quantitative evaluation instead of EMGs.