gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Total syntheses of dl-ajmalicine and emetine (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal syntheses of dl-ajmalicine and emetineEugene E. Van Tamelen, C. Placeway, G. P. Schiemenz, and Ian Gloisby WrightCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1969, 91, 26, 7359–7371Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01054a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01054a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views515Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Refinement, Validation and Application of a Machine Learning Method For Estimating Physical Activity And Sedentary Behavior in Free-Living People (2019)

There is limited knowledge of the dose-response relationship between physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB) and health. Poor measures of free-living PA and SB exposure are major contributing factors to these knowledge gaps. The overall objective of this dissertation was to address these issues by refining, validating and applying a machine-learning methodology for measuring PA and SB for use in free-living people. By combining neural networks and decision tree analyses we developed a method better suited for use in free-living people. Our new method is called the sojourn method and it estimates PA and SB from a single hip mounted accelerometer. Study 1 validated two versions of this method: sojourn-1x (soj-1x) and sojourn-3x (soj-3x). Soj-1x uses data from a vertical accelerometer sensor, while soj-3x uses r data from the vertical, anterior-posterior and medial-lateral accelerometer sensors. Seven participants were directly observed in the free-living environment for ten consecutive hours on three separate occasions. PA and SB estimated from soj-1x, soj-3x and a neural network previously calibrated in the laboratory (lab-nnet) were compared to direct observation. Compared to the lab-nnet, soj-1x and soj-3x improved estimates of MET-hours (lab-nnet: bias (95% CI) = 5.4 (4.6-6.2), rMSE = 5.4 (4.6-6.2), soj-1x: bias = 0.3 (-0.2-0.9), rMSE = 1.0 (0.6-1.3), soj-3x: bias = 0.5 (-0.1-1.1), rMSE = 1.1 (0.7-1.5)) and minutes in different intensity categories (lab-nnet: rMSE range = 10.2 (vigorous) - 55.0 (light), soj-1x: rMSE range = 4.0 (MVPA) - 50.1 (sedentary), soj-3x: rMSE range = 7.8 (MVPA) - 27.8 (light)). Soj-1x and soj-3x also produced accurate estimates of qualifying minutes, qualifying bouts, breaks from sedentary time and break-rate. Study 2 evaluated the sensitivity of soj-1x and soj-3x to detect change in habitual activity. Thirteen participants completed three, seven day conditions: sedentary, moderately active and very active. Soj-1x and soj-3x were sensitive to change in MET-hours (mean (95% CI): soj-1x: sedentary = 19.8 (19.0-20.7), moderately active = 22.7 (22.0-23.4), very active = 27.0 (25.8-28.2), soj-3x: sedentary = 18.2 (17.7-18.8), moderately active = 22.3 (21.6-23.1), very active = 27.6 (26.4-28.7)) and time in different intensity categories. Study 3 applied soj-3x to a free-living intervention to elucidate the effects of increased sedentary behavior on markers of cardiometabolic health. Eleven participants completed seven days of an active condition followed by seven days of an inactive condition. Insulin action significantly decreased 17% (5.4-30.2), while total cholesterol, LDL and HDL did not change from the active to inactive condition. This dissertation used novel methods to improve PA and SB estimation in a free-living environment and to improve our understanding of the physiologic response to increased free-living SB. These methods ultimately have the potential to broaden our understanding of how PA and SB dose are linked to health.
Preparation of a Defined Gluten Hydrolysate for Diagnosis and Clinical Investigations of Wheat Hypersensitivities (2018)

Gluten is the trigger for celiac disease (CD), non-celiac gluten/wheat sensitivity (NCGS), and wheat allergy. An oral food challenge is often needed for diagnosis, but there are no standardized gluten challenge materials with known composition available. To fill this gap, two materials, commercially available gluten and a food-grade gluten hydrolysate (pepgluten), were extensively characterized. Pepgluten was prepared from gluten by incubation with a pepsin dietary supplement and acetic acid at 37 °C for 120 min. The components of pepgluten were crude protein (707 mg/g), starch (104 mg/g), water (59 mg/g), fat (47 mg/g), dietary fiber (41 mg/g) and ash (11 mg/g). The protein/peptide fraction of pepgluten (1 g) contained equivalents derived from 369 mg gliadins and 196 mg glutenins, resulting in 565 mg total gluten equivalents, 25 mg albumins/globulins, 22 mg α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors and 48 mg pepsin capsule proteins. The slightly acidic, dough-like smell and bitter taste of pepgluten could be completely camouflaged in multivitamin juice with bitter lemon, grapefruit juice, or vegetable and fruit smoothies. Thus, pepgluten met the criteria for placebo-controlled challenges (active and placebo materials are identical regarding appearance, taste, smell, and texture) and is appropriate as a standard preparation for the oral food challenge and clinical investigations to study wheat hypersensitivities.
Graphic display of human motion (1978)

Presented is the application of two and three dimensional graphic display models of a human body in studying the motion of a human being as a result of external influences. Included are an occupant during a vehicle crash and a parachutist during the opening of his chute.
A Low-Complexity Resource Allocation for Multiple Access Passive IoT System (2019)

An ambient backscatter communication (AmBC) system with multiple backscatter devices (BDs) is investigated in this work. The cooperative reader receives the information from the primary transmitter (PT) and the multiple BDs simultaneously. With the asymptotic signal-to-noise-plus-interference ratio (SINR) of the BDs, an optimization problem that jointly optimizes the reflection coefficients of BDs and the primary transmit power is formulated. Considering that the adaptive optimization of reflection coefficients according to the instantaneous primary channel state information (CSI) is unaffordable in practice, we propose a low-complexity resource allocation scheme, which results in a long-term configuration of the BD reflection coefficients before the primary transmit power is allocated. With the long-term reflection coefficients, the transmit power of the primary system is optimized by solving the transformed two cascaded optimization problems which have closed-form solutions. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
On Namias's Fractional Fourier Transforms (1987)

The objective of this paper is to make rigorous a formal study (Namias, 1980) of fractional powers for the Fourier transform. To make the theory unambiguous, it is found necessary to modify Namias's fractional operators. Some theorems are then proved for the modified operators and an operational calculus is developed. Finally, an application to an ordinary differential equation is considered.
Very-high-density plasmas for thermonuclear fusion (1970)

It is shown that for plasma-confinement times inferior to the Bohm diffusion time, fusion reactors are conceivable only when densities above 1019 ions/cm3 are considered. Two classes of such reactors are examined: the non-selfdestructive and the selfdestructive devices. A review is given of experiments and of theories concerning both classes (the plasma focus, the axial flow-pinch, the inertial confinement, the laser and electron-beam produced plasmas and the plasmas produced by projectile-impact). Non-fusion applications are also discussed. Reactor and trigger criteria are derived in the appendices.
A pitch tracking system dedicated to process singing voice for music retrieval (2003)

A number of content-based music retrieval systems have been presented in the last few years. Although query-by-humming has been one of the preferred strategies, the translation of voice input into note-like attributes has been tackled with naive algorithms. In this paper, we present a system developed to consider the peculiar facets of the singing voice. A pre-processing block for signal enhancement, an algorithm for pitch detection and a labeling stage for fine adjustment of intonation are addressed in the context of querying by singing. Experimental results confirm that this system is able to translate a sung performance into a representation close to a music score, thus particularly suited for melody-based search.
Targeting glioblastoma with NK cells and mAb against NG2/CSPG4 prolongs animal survival (2013)

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant brain tumor where patients' survival is only 14.6 months, despite multimodal therapy with debulking surgery, concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy. There is an urgent, unmet need for novel, effective therapeutic strategies for this devastating disease. Although several immunotherapies are under development for the treatment of GBM patients, the use of natural killer (NK) cells is still marginal despite this being a promising approach to treat cancer. In regard of our knowledge on the role of NG2/CSPG4 in promoting GBM aggressiveness we investigated the potential of an innovative immunotherapeutic strategy combining mAb9.2.27 against NG2/CSPG4 and NK cells in preclinical animal models of GBM. Multiple immune escape mechanisms maintain the tumor microenvironment in an anti-inflammatory state to promote tumor growth, however, the distinct roles of resident microglia versus recruited macrophages is not elucidated. We hypothesized that exploiting the cytokine release capabilities of activated (NK) cells to reverse the anti-inflammatory axis combined with mAb9.2.27 targeting the NG2/CSPG4 may favor tumor destruction by editing pro-GBM immune responses. Combination treatment with NK+mAb9.2.27 diminished tumor growth that was associated with reduced tumor proliferation, increased cellular apoptosis and prolonged survival compared to vehicle and monotherapy controls. The therapeutic efficacy was mediated by recruitment of CCR2low macrophages into the tumor microenvironment, increased ED1 and MHC class II expression on microglia that might render them competent for GBM antigen presentation, as well as elevated IFN-γ and TNF-α levels in the cerebrospinal fluid compared to controls. Depletion of systemic macrophages by liposome-encapsulated clodronate decreased the CCR2low macrophages recruited to the brain and abolished the beneficial outcomes. Moreover, mAb9.2.27 reversed tumor-promoting effects of patient-derived tumor-associated macrophage/microglia(TAM) ex vivo.Taken together, these findings indicate thatNK+mAb9.2.27 treatment may be an amenable therapeutic strategy to treat NG2/CSPG4 expressing GBMs. We provide a novel conceptual approach of combination immunotherapy for glioblastoma. The results traverse beyond the elucidation of NG2/CSPG4 as a therapeutic target, but demonstrate a proof of concept that this antibody may hold potential for the treatment of GBM by activation of tumor infiltrated microglia/macrophages.
Discovery, Chemistry, and Application of Hindered Amines (1985)

This chapter is a comprehensive overview of the progress in the field of generation, chemistry, and application of nitroxyl radicals and their precursors, for example, hindered amines of the 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine series. Because of the importance of nitroxyl radicals to polymer stabilization, this application is discussed at length, while the others are touched upon briefly.
Some blood markers of the functional state of liver in dairy cows with clinical ketosis (2015)

Metabolic disorders in animals are one of the most important problems in modern cattle production. The paper presents results characterising the functional state of the liver in dairy cows with clinical ketosis. The study was conducted on 17 Holstein cows (9 of them were clinically healthy with negative test for ketone bodies in urine and 8 with positive test) in their second to fourth lactation with milk yield above 8,000 kg per previous lactation. Conducted research has shown that cows affected with ketosis, had hypoglycaemia, dysproteinaemia, hypoalbuminaemia, increased liver enzymes and higher blood content of aromatic and sulfur-containing amino acids. Herewith the activity of cholinesterase and phospholipids were decreased. Albumins-globulins ratio and esterified to total cholesterol ratio was decreased in conditions associated with liver pathology due to clinical ketosis. Sick cows had signs of secondary osteodystrophy. Obtained results allowed us concluding that dairy cows ketosis caused significant changes in structural and functional state of liver, associated with abnormalities in of serum proteins synthesis, disturbed metabolism of amino acids, lipids and calcium.
Determination of nitrogen in petroleum fractions by combustion with chemiluminescent detection of nitric oxide (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of nitrogen in petroleum fractions by combustion with chemiluminescent detection of nitric oxideHarry V. DrushelCite this: Anal. Chem. 1977, 49, 7, 932–939Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50015a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50015a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views158Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Mechanical and corrosion behaviour of powder metallurgy stainless steel based metal matrix composites (1997)

Stainless steel matrix composites were manufactured using powder metallurgy techniques. Matrixes of AISI 316L stainless steel were reinforced with yttria or alumina particles. Chromium diboride was added in some cases and boron nitride in others to obtain steels with densities close to theoretical, using reactive (liquid phase) sintering techniques. The composites showed very good densification and better hardness than the 316L stainless steel without additions. The 316L steel reinforced with 4 wt-% yttria chromium diboride showed the highest density and strength, with an acceptable corrosion resistance.
Quantum cryptography with a predetermined key, using continuous-variable Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen correlations (2000)

Correlations of the type discussed by EPR in their original 1935 paradox for continuous variables exist for the quadrature phase amplitudes of two spatially separated fields. These correlations were first experimentally reported in 1992. We propose to use such EPR beams in quantum cryptography, to transmit with high efficiency messages in such a way that the receiver and sender may later determine whether eavesdropping has occurred. The merit of the new proposal is in the possibility of transmitting a reasonably secure yet predetermined key. This would allow relay of a cryptographic key over long distances in the presence of lossy channels.
Copper associated acute hepatic failure in a dog (1999)

A 1.5-year-old Dalmatian was examined because of vomiting, weight loss, and high serum activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed normal appearing hepatic structure with echogenicity, but histologic examination of hepatic biopsy specimens revealed extensive necrosis of hepatocytes involving the centrilobular areas. Macrophages and remaining hepatocytes contained pigments that were positive for copper by rubeanic acid-staining and hepatic copper concentration was high. The dog was treated with crystalloid fluids, antibiotics, and a low copper diet; its condition deteriorated, and the dog was euthanatized. Primary copper storage disease was suspected on the basis of histologic findings and high copper concentration in the liver.
Motion Pattern-Based Video Classification and Retrieval (2003)

Today′s content-based video retrieval technologies are still far from human′s requirements. A fundamental reason is the lack of content representation that is able to bridge the gap between visual features and semantic conception in video. In this paper, we propose a motion pattern descriptor, motion texture that characterizes motion in a generic way. With this representation, we design a semantic classification scheme to effectively map video clips to semantic categories. Support vector machines (SVMs) are used as the classifiers. In addition, this scheme also improves significantly the performance of motion-based shot retrieval due to the comprehensiveness and effectiveness of motion pattern descriptor and the semantic classification capability as shown by experimental evaluations.
Effect of selenium and an anthelmintic on the growth of weaned calves in the South Island high country (1974)

Abstract Beef calves weaned at 6 months of age and dosed with selenium gained 8.7 kg (15.2%) more live weight from 6 to 15 months of age than undosed calves. Several treatments were compared, with best results for calves dosed at weaning and 6 months later at the termination of supplementary feeding. No live‐weight response was evident after drenching with an anthelmintic.
Circuit Mechanisms of Seizures in the Pilocarpine Model of Chronic Epilepsy: Cell Loss and Mossy Fiber Sprouting (1993)

We used the pilocarpine model of chronic spontaneous recurrent seizures to evaluate the time course of supragranular dentate sprouting and to assess the relation between several changes that occur in epileptic tissue with different behavioral manifestations of this experimental model of temporal lobe epilepsy. Pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE) invariably led to cell loss in the hilus of the dentate gyrus (DG) and to spontaneous recurrent seizures. Cell loss was often also noted in the DG and in hippocampal subfields CA1 and CA3. The seizures began to appear at a mean of 15 days after SE induction (silent period), recurred at variable frequencies for each animal, and lasted for as long as the animals were allowed to survive (325 days). The granule cell layer of the DG was dispersed in epileptic animals, and neo-Timm stains showed supra- and intragranular mossy fiber sprouting. Supragranular mossy fiber sprouting and dentate granule cell dispersion began to appear early after SE (as early as 4 and 9 days, respectively) and reached a plateau by 100 days. Animals with a greater degree of cell loss in hippocampal field CA3 showed later onset of chronic epilepsy (r = 0.83, p < 0.0005), suggesting that CA3 represents one of the routes for seizure spread. These results demonstrate that the pilocarpine model of chronic seizures replicates several of the features of human temporal lobe epilepsy (hippocampal cell loss, supra- and intragranular mossy fiber sprouting, dentate granule cell dispersion, spontaneous recurrent seizures) and that it may be a useful model for studying this human condition. The results also suggest that even though a certain amount of cell loss in specific areas may be essential for chronic seizures to occur, excessive cell loss may hinder epileptogenesis.
Current and Emerging Antiarrhythmic Drug Therapy for Ventricular Tachycardia (2013)

Ventricular arrhythmias, including ventricular fibrillation (VF) and sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT), are the principal causes of sudden cardiac death in patients with structural heart disease. While coronary artery disease is the predominant substrate associated with the development of VT, these arrhythmias are known to occur in a variety of disorders, including dilated cardiomyopathy, valvular and congenital heart disease, and cardiac ion channelopathies such as the long QT syndrome. In a minority of patients, VT occurs in the absence of structural heart disease. Despite the established mortality benefit of the implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) in patients at risk of lethal arrhythmias, recurrent VT/VF events continue to be a source of morbidity and impaired quality of life in such patients. Antiarrhythmic therapy is indicated in select patients to treat symptomatic VT episodes, to reduce the incidence of ICD shocks, and potentially to improve quality of life and reduce hospitalizations related to cardiac arrhythmia. The primary adverse effects of antiarrhythmic medications are related to both cardiac and extracardiac toxicity, including the risk of proarrhythmia. Current drug therapy for ventricular arrhythmia has been limited by suboptimal efficacy in many patients, resulting in recurrent VT/VF events, and by drug toxicity or intolerance leading to discontinuation in a large percentage of patients. Amiodarone and sotalol are the principal agents used in the chronic treatment of VT. In addition, dronedarone and dofetilide, agents approved for the treatment of atrial fibrillation, and ranolazine, an antianginal agent, have been demonstrated to be protective against ventricular arrhythmia in small clinical studies. Finally, advances in basic electrophysiology have uncovered new molecular targets for the treatment of ventricular arrhythmia, and pharmacologic agents directed at these targets may emerge as promising VT treatments in the future. The roles of these current and emerging therapies for the treatment of VT in humans will be summarized in this review.
International Space Station (ISS) Metabolic Oxygen Consumption for Expeditions 12 (2006)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The analysis presented in this paper focuses on the metabolic consumption of oxygen by the crew onboard the International Space Station (ISS) during Expedition 12. The Russian Elektron, which electrolyzes water to produce oxygen, operational and non-operational periods are used to assist in the calculation of metabolic oxygen consumption. Non-operational periods will be used to establish baseline crew consumption rates. The importance of this analysis is to provide more accurate trend of oxygen metabolic consumption rates for Expedition 12.</div>