gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Resveratrol: Mechanistic Insights (2018)

Inflammation is the principal response invoked by the body to address injuries. Despite inflammation constituting a crucial component of tissue repair, it is well known that unchecked or chronic inflammation becomes deleterious, leading to progressive tissue damage. Studies over the past years focused on foods rich in polyphenols with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, since inflammation was recognized to play a central role in several diseases. In this review, we discuss the beneficial effects of resveratrol, the most widely investigated polyphenol, on cancer and neurodegenerative, respiratory, metabolic, and cardiovascular diseases. We highlight how resveratrol, despite its unfavorable pharmacokinetics, can modulate the inflammatory pathways underlying those diseases, and we identify future opportunities for the evaluation of its clinical feasibility.
LINKAGE AMONG CATTLE BLOOD AND MILK POLYMORPHISMS (1969)

I N cattle at least eleven blood group loci are currently recognized
Through silicon vias filled with planarized carbon nanotube bundles (2009)

The feasibility of using carbon nanotube (CNT) bundles as the fillers of through silicon vias (TSVs) has been demonstrated. CNT bundles are synthesized directly inside TSVs by thermal chemical vapor deposition (TCVD). The growth of CNTs in vias is found to be highly dependent on the geometric dimensions and arrangement patterns of the vias at atmospheric pressure. The CNT-Si structure is planarized by a combined lapping and polishing process to achieve both a high removal rate and a fine surface finish. Electrical tests of the CNT TSVs have been performed and their electrical resistance was found to be in the few hundred ohms range. The reasons for the high electrical resistance have been discussed and possible methods to decrease the electrical resistance have been proposed.
Use of a Random Phase Mask for the Recording of Fourier Transform Holograms of Data Masks (1970)

In a holographic page-oriented memory the information is stored in an array of holograms. It is advantageous to record the Fourier transform of the original data mask because the minimum space bandwidth is then required and the information about any one data bit is spread over the hologram plane. In the Fourier transform plane most of the light is concentrated in an array of bright "spikes" because the data mask consists of an array of equidistant data spots. Some means is needed to distribute the light more evenly. We report here on the use of a phase mask which imparts a phase shift of 180 degrees to half the data spots chosen at random. An analysis shows that the intensity in the Fourier transform plane is now proportional to the intensity of the Fourier transform of one single data spot.
High-speed Josephson integrated circuit technology (1989)

The author describes recent progress in high-speed integrated circuits using niobium junctions. He briefly describes the circuit fabrication process and then introduces the modified variable threshold logic (MVTL) gate family. The lowest experimentally obtained MVTL OR-gate delay was only 2.5 ps with a power consumption of 17 mu W/gate. This gate family is used in various high-speed logic circuits, such as 8-bit shift registers, 16-bit ALUs (arithmetic logic units), and 4-bit microprocessors. The author confirmed the high-speed operation of less than 10 ps per gate on average for these circuits. A novel high-sensitivity magnetic sensor using a SQUID (superconducting quantum interference device) was also developed. It is called a single-chip SQUID magnetometer because the feedback circuit, which is operated at room temperature is a conventional SQUID system, has been integrated on the same chip as the SQUID sensor itself.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
<i>Mycosphaerella brassicicola</i> . [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria]. (1975)

Abstract A description is provided for Mycosphaerella brassicicola . Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Brassica spp. DISEASE: Ringspot of Brassica spp. ; the symptoms are most conspicuous on the outer leaves. The small necrotic spots enlarge to an average 0.5-1 (-2) cm diam. ; the spots are generally circular with light brown or grey centres, a definite edge is bounded by a narrow water-soaked area and a chlorotic zone; where the lesions are numerous the whole leaf becomes yellowish and shows curled, cracked and ragged edges. Within the lesion the perithecia (hypophyllous at first, later amphigenous) form in a typically zonate manner; they may be extremely numerous and the lesion appears black. Rectangular or oval lesions are caused on the midribs, stems and siliqua (5, 459). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread (CMI Map 189, ed. 3, 1969) but generally restricted to cool, moist regions; there are few records from Africa (Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Morocco, South Africa, Uganda). TRANSMISSION: Air-borne ascospores but no specific studies reported. The pycnidia contain spermatia which are not infective (25, 591; 41, 112).
<title>Adaptive image interpolation algorithm</title> (1993)

An adaptive image interpolation algorithm is presented. This method will enable the interpolation kernel to be varied based on the local image information. The criteria for the variation is a decision mechanism which discriminates the text or high contrast areas from the graphic or soft contrast areas. Upon the decision, the algorithm will apply the appropriate interpolation kernel functions to interpolate the data. The interpolation kernel for text area utilizes a 2 X 2 convolution kernel using a fifth (5th) order interpolation polynomial. The graphic areas of the image file will use a 4 X 4 kernel with a cubic spline function. The objective of the method is to reduce the aliasing or ringing effect associated with the interpolation of high spatial frequency (text) areas of the image file. In order to identify the two areas (text vs graphic) a 4 X 4 pixel window is chosen. The sample mean and deviation of this window is calculated. Further the sample mean and deviation of the inner 2 X 2 block of the 4 X 4 window is also determined. The ratio of the sample deviation of 2 X 2 to the sample deviation of 4 X 4 window is then compared to a preset threshold discriminator level.
Penetration and intracellular growth of Brucella abortus in nonphagocytic cells in vitro (1990)

In pregnant ruminants, Brucella abortus localizes and replicates within the rough endoplasmic reticulum of trophoblastic epithelial cells. In this study, Vero cells were exposed to B. abortus to investigate its internalization and intracellular growth in nonphagocytic cells. A new double-fluorescence staining procedure to discriminate between extracellular and intracellular bacteria was developed. Studies with the double-fluorescence staining procedure and quantitative bacteriologic culture of disrupted host cells showed that various B. abortus strains replicated within Vero cells, including smooth virulent (strains 2308S and 544), smooth attenuated (strain 19), and rough (strains 45/20 and 2308R) strains. Rough brucellae were more adherent and entered a greater number of Vero cells. Intracellular replication occurred in a larger percentage of cells with smooth virulent (2308S and 544) strains than with smooth attenuated (19) or rough (45/20 and 2308R) strains. Differences in adhesiveness and invasiveness were correlated to hydrophobicity of the organism, as measured by hydrocarbon adherence. Ultrastructurally, intracellular smooth (2308S) and rough (45/20) brucellae were consistently found within cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear envelope. The results suggest that transfer to the rough endoplasmic reticulum is the limiting step in the infection of nonphagocytic cells by B. abortus.
PATTERNS OF IMMUNE RESPONSES EVOKED BY ALLOGENEIC HEPATOCYTES (1999)

These studies demonstrate that allogeneic hepatocytes are highly immunogenic and stimulate strong cell-mediated immune responses by both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, even when treated with agents that can cause acceptance of cardiac allografts. Indeed, CD4+ or CD8+ T cells seem to independently cause hepatocellular allograft rejection. Allogeneic hepatocytes evoked strong donor-reactive DTH responses but were poor stimuli for donor-reactive antibody production. This is an unusual pattern of immune reactivity in allograft recipients.
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN STRUCTURE AND ACTIVITY OF MALEIC HYDRAZIDE ANALOGUES AND RELATED COMPOUNDS (1962)

The growth inhibiting activities of a number of compounds structurally related to maleic hydrazide have been examined using the technique of bud growth inhibition. The degree of inhibitory activity of maleic hydrazide derivatives depended on the ease with which the plant can split off substituents. Straight-chain compounds which partially resemble maleic hydrazide were not as active as the parent compound and ring closure was necessary for full activity. Residue data for some of the tested compounds showed that activity failure was not due to lack of uptake and translocation. The analytical procedure for maleic hydrazide is shown to be valid for the quantitative determination of N-hydroxymethyl-MH and N-benzoyl-MH.
Immiscible Blends of PC and PET, Current Knowledge and New Results: Rheological Properties (2007)

Abstract This paper deals with immiscible blends of poly(ethylene terephthalate) obtained by melt blending with polycarbonate. A large survey of the current knowledge in the field of these blends is presented. Resolved and unresolved issues concerning the effect of exchange reactions on the miscibility of the components are addressed. The experimental part of the paper focuses on the rheological behavior of PET/PC blends. Blends containing various polymer ratios were obtained by melt blending with and without transesterification catalysts. Oscillatory shear flow in the melt was used to characterize the rheology of the various samples. A plot of the oscillatory data, similar to the Van Gurp Palmen plot, is used to point out the broadening of the co‐continuity window when in situ compatibilization takes place. magnified image
Basic facts on the timber, pulp and paper industries (1983)

Abstract As an introduction to the special reports on forestry in Africa, Asia and Latin America, the Raw Materials Group has compiled some background data on the forest pulp and paper industries of the world.
Infection of Monkey Kidney Tissue Cultures with Virus-Like Agents. (1955)

SummaryDuring attempts to adapt dengue virus to rhesus monkey kidney cultures, an unidentified agent which causes formation of syncytial masses and vacuolation in such cultures was encountered. Subsequently, 3 additional agents with similar cytopathogenic effects were passed and maintained in HeLa cell cultures from uninoculated monkey kidney cultures. Renal tissue and not the medium constituents is the source of the agent. Bacteriological studies with one agent were negative. The same agent passed through a Selas filter. Accordingly it is considered to be virus-like in nature. Similar experiments were not done with 3 other agents but because of certain common characteristics are believed to be of the same nature.
<i>The Construction of Modern Science: Mechanisms and Mechanics</i> (1972)

Introduction 1. Celestial dynamics and terrestrial mechanics 2. The mechanical philosophy 3. Mechanical science 4. Mechanical chemistry 5. Biology and the mechanical philosophy 6. Organization of the scientific enterprise 7. The science of mechanics 8. Newtonian dynamics Index.
Commonsense causal reasoning between short texts (2016)

Commonsense causal reasoning is the process of capturing and understanding the causal dependencies amongst events and actions. Such events and actions can be expressed in terms, phrases or sentences in natural language text. Therefore, one possible way of obtaining causal knowledge is by extracting causal relations between terms or phrases from a large text corpus. However, causal relations in text are sparse, ambiguous, and sometimes implicit, and thus difficult to obtain. This paper attacks the problem of commonsense causality reasoning between short texts (phrases and sentences) using a data driven approach. We propose a framework that automatically harvests a network of causal-effect terms from a large web corpus. Backed by this network, we propose a novel and effective metric to properly model the causality strength between terms. We show these signals can be aggregated for causality reasonings between short texts, including sentences and phrases. In particular, our approach outperforms all previously reported results in the standard SE-MEVAL COPA task by substantial margins.
Time domain antenna pattern measurements (1996)

Multipath on far-field antenna ranges causes distortion of antenna pattern measurements: The multi path components have differing path lengths and hence can be separated by illuminating the antenna under test with short-duration pulses. Alternatively, antenna measurements can be made in the frequency domain, and the Fourier transform can be used to relate the frequency-domain measurements to the antenna's time-domain response. The interference then can be removed with a time-domain gate, and transformed back into the frequency domain to yield improved CW antenna patterns. Virginia Tech has recently completed a major upgrade of their far-field antenna range and implemented a system to perform this data collection and data processing. This thesis describes the principles and implementation of the time-domain processing part of the system. Further, it demonstrates the validity of the method by showing the improvements in pattern measurement that have been achieved with the new system.
GamingAnywhere (2014)

We present the first open source cloud gaming system, called GamingAnywhere. In addition to its openness, we have designed, GamingAnywhere for high extensibility, portability, and reconfigurability. We implemented it on Windows, Linux, OS X, and Android. We conducted extensive experiments to evaluate its performance. Our experimental results indicate that GamingAnywhere is efficient, scalable, adaptable to network conditions, and achieves high responsiveness and streaming quality. GamingAnywhere can be employed by researchers, game developers, service providers, and end users for setting up cloud gaming testbeds, which we believe, will stimulate more research into innovations for cloud gaming systems and applications.
Site-directed mutagenesis of the reactive center (serine 394) of antithrombin III. (1988)

Human antithrombin III (AT) shares significant sequence homology and a common inhibitory mechanism with the serine protease inhibitor (serpin) superfamily. AT has a reactive site in which the P1 residue is primarily responsible for protease specificity. The P1' residue, almost invariably serine, is critical in the inactive natural variant AT-Denver, which has a leucine substitution in that position (Stephens, A.W., Thalley, B.S., and Hirs, C.H.W. (1987) J. Biol. Chem. 262, 1044-1048). In the present study site-directed mutagenesis was used to generate eight variants with altered P1' residues. All were secreted efficiently by COS cells transiently transfected with the AT cDNA in a eukaryotic shuttle vector. All variants also bound heparin as effectively as wild-type AT. Variants were grouped into three categories with respect to thrombin-AT complex formation: 1) no detectable inhibitory activity (proline, methionine); 2) low activity (cysteine, valine, leucine); and 3) near normal activity (glycine, alanine, threonine). The leucine variant, which is in the low activity group, exhibited the same physical and functional properties as AT-Denver. We conclude that the serine hydroxyl is not critical for functional activity and that there is a side chain size optimum which is modulated by hydrophobic effects.
노인의 비공식 부양체계 개발 필요성에 따른 친구에 의한 부양 활성화 방안 (2001)

공식적 부양체계(formal care)가 잘 갖추어있지 않은 우리 나라에서는 병들거나 거동이 불편한 노인들에 대한 부양은 주로 가족이나 친척들의 책임이었다. 하지만 여성들의 사회진출, 핵가족화, 출산율의 감소 등은 가족들에 의한 부양체계에 한계를 나타내기 시작하였다. 그러므로 이 연구의 주된 목적은 노인인구의 크기 및 유형의 변화와 가족들에 의한 부양의 한계가 표면에 드러나고 있는 현재 우리의 실정에서, 비공식 부양체계의 또 다른 자원인 친구들에 의한 부양의 특성에 관하여 분석하고 그 활성화 방안에 대해서 고찰해 보는 것에 있다. 분석결과 1994년의 노인생활실태조사에 포함된 노인2,058명 중 ADL이나 IADL의 도움을 받고 있는 노인은 총 648명으로 나타났다. 그 중 560명이 가족으로부터 주된 도움을 받고 있으며, 63명이 친구로부터 주된 도움을 받고있었다. 이것은 도움이 필요한 전체 노인 중 약 10%가 친구로부터 도움을 받고있는 것이다. 또한 친구로부터 부양을 받을 수 있을 인구학적 특성의 확률변화를 Multiple Logistic Regression을 이용하여 분석해 본 결과 거동이 불편한 노인이 배우자가 없거나, 가구 구성원이 2명 미만이거나, ADL 불편정도가 3개 미만일 때 친구로부터 도움 받을 확률이 크게 증가하였다. 즉 가구 내에 돌봐줄 사람이 충분치 않고 거동의 불편정도가 심하지 않을 때 친구로부터 도움을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 이처럼 친구가 이미 노인부양에 많이 참여하고 있으며, 거동이 많이 불편하지 않을 때 1차 부양자로서 큰 역할을 할 수 있을 것으로 분석되었다. 그러므로 우리는 지역 내에 있는 이러한 인적자원을 활용할 수 있는 여러 방안을 강구해야 할 것이다.
Sparse event detection in wireless sensor networks using compressive sensing (2009)

Compressive sensing is a revolutionary idea proposed recently to achieve much lower sampling rate for sparse signals. For large wireless sensor networks, the events are relatively sparse compared with the number of sources. Because of deployment cost, the number of sensors is limited, and due to energy constraint, not all the sensors are turned on all the time. In this paper, the first contribution is to formulate the problem for sparse event detection in wireless sensor networks as a compressive sensing problem. The number of (wake-up) sensors can be greatly reduced to the similar level of the number of sparse events, which is much smaller than the total number of sources. Second, we suppose the event has the binary nature, and employ the Bayesian detection using this prior information. Finally, we analyze the performance of the compressive sensing algorithms under the Gaussian noise. From the simulation results, we show that the sampling rate can reduce to 25% without sacrificing performance. With further decreasing the sampling rate, the performance is gradually reduced until 10% of sampling rate. Our proposed detection algorithm has much better performance than the l <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> -magic algorithm proposed in the literature.
An improved interlevel dielectric process for submicron double-level metal products (2003)

An improved interlevel dielectric (ILD) deposition process is presented for submicron double-level metal products that use a multichamber tool capable of doing both CVD film deposition and etching. This multistep, multitool process has now been integrated into a single cassette-to-cassette operation. By using both plasma-enhanced and thermal CVD TEOS oxide films together with argon sputtering and anisotropic oxide etching, an effective low-temperature, void-free interlevel dielectric is formed in a manner that also reduces wafer handling and process queuing time.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
An Implicit Multishift $QR$-Algorithm for Hermitian Plus Low Rank Matrices (2010)

Hermitian plus possibly non-Hermitian low rank matrices can be efficiently reduced into Hessenberg form. The resulting Hessenberg matrix can still be written as the sum of a Hermitian plus low rank matrix. In this paper we develop a new implicit multishift $QR$-algorithm for Hessenberg matrices, which are the sum of a Hermitian plus a possibly non-Hermitian low rank correction. The proposed algorithm exploits both the symmetry and low rank structure to obtain a $QR$-step involving only $\mathcal{O}(n)$ floating point operations instead of the standard $\mathcal{O}(n^2)$ operations needed for performing a $QR$-step on a Hessenberg matrix. The algorithm is based on a suitable $\mathcal{O}(n)$ representation of the Hessenberg matrix. The low rank parts present in both the Hermitian and low rank part of the sum are compactly stored by a sequence of Givens transformations and a few vectors. Due to the new representation, we cannot apply classical deflation techniques for Hessenberg matrices. A new, efficient technique is developed to overcome this problem. Some numerical experiments based on matrices arising in applications are performed. The experiments illustrate effectiveness and accuracy of both the $QR$-algorithm and the newly developed deflation technique.
The inhibitory effect of phosphate on the ligase chain reaction used for detecting Chlamydia trachomatis. (1998)

Ligase chain reaction analysis is a reliable method of diagnosing C trachomatis infection because of its high sensitivity. It would be clearly superior to the currently used methods if the problem of inhibitors could be eliminated. The mechanism of inhibition of the ligase chain reaction by phosphate was thought to be blockade of the amplification of the target DNA. The efficacy of the ligase chain reaction could be inhibited by phosphate in the urine, so duplicate dilution analysis of some negative specimens should be useful.
Curvas funcionales de Lorenz: análisis datual e inferencias (2009)

Enfoca las ideas pioneras de Pareto y Lorenz sobre desigualdad de rentas desde la perspectiva de su\nordenamiento datual. De allí plantea un método no-ortodoxo para inferir curvas funcionales de Lorenz (CL)\nno-paramétricas a partir de datos empíricos puntuales o agrupados, en base a dos premisas principales: 1)\nOrdenamiento datual descendente rico-a-pobre (RaP); 2) Análisis datual logarítmico para inferir un Vector-\nFunción estructural, clave por su presencia tanto en la forma funcional de la CL, como en la Función de\nDistribución Acumulativa (FDA) derivada. Aparentemente esta área estadística requiere una revisión teórica.\nPor su significado en metodología de investigación para diversas disciplinas, las ideas aquí consignadas quizás\npodrían ayudar en el futuro para estructurar una nueva teoría general, otro manejo datual práctico y otra\nenseñanza de las funciones en el sector de distribuciones univariables continuas, dentro del contexto de las CL.
Shape matching utilizing indexed hypotheses generation and testing (1989)

The authors develop an indexing mechanism, which is part of an overall scheme called SMITH (shape matching utilizing indexed hypothesis generation and testing) for 2-D model-based object recognition. Their approach is based on a dynamic programming implementation of attributed string matching, is computationally efficient, and works effectively for both nonoccluded as well as occluded shapes. Another advantage of this technique is that models may be inerted or deleted with relatively little cost.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Characterization and analysis of intra-body communication channel (2009)

In this work, the experiment setup of EF-IBC is studied. An effective setup is developed to preserve the parasitic return path in EF-IBC. Characteristics of every component in an EF-IBC system are measured or derived through a combination of experiments. The measured EF-IBC channel shows a bandpass profile with a center frequency around 42 MHz. The channel bandpass profile is mainly determined by the capacitive parasitic return path and the capacitive PCB leakage path. Below 100 MHz, the body appears to be a uniform attenuator with about 15 dB loss at the distance of 15 cm between TX and RX. The channel characteristics are recombined by all the components, and match well with the direct measurement results, which verifies the decomposition method.