gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
XXIV.—<i>On the Structure and Arrangement of the Soft Parts in</i> Euplectella aspergillum (1880)

Although, from the careful descriptions which have been given by several competent naturalists, we may now consider ourselves tolerably well acquainted with the structure of the dainty siliceous skeletons of this and several allied Hexactinellid Sponges, this is by no means the case with their soft tissues ; and the great cause of our imperfect knowledge of these interesting structures is that no observer has hitherto succeeded in procuring a really well-preserved Sponge of this group. It was with pleasure, therefore, that I accepted the offer of the Director of the Challenger Expedition to place some well-preserved examples belonging to different genera in my hands for investigation. Of all the specimens which have been sent to me, some fragments of Euplectella aspergillum in absolute alcohol are much the best preserved, and therefore the best suited for thorough examination. I commence with the description of the soft parts of this well-known and beautiful form, following the classification which has been adopted by Sir Wyville Thomson in his descriptions of the species.
Physical layer impairment-aware Routing and Wavelength Assignment (PLI-RWA) strategy for mixed line rate (MLR) wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) optical networks (2015)

The ever increasing global Internet traffic is resulting in a serious upgrade of the current optical networks' capacity. The legacy infrastructure can be enhanced not only by increasing the capacity, but also by adopting advance modulation formats, having increased spectral efficiency at higher data rate. In a mixed-line-rate (MLR) optical network, different line rates, on different wavelengths, can coexist on the same fiber. Further, studies have shown that migration to data rates higher than 10Gbps requires implementation of phase modulation schemes. However, the co-existing On-Off Keying (OOK) channels cause critical physical layer impairments (PLIs) to the phase modulated channels, mainly due to cross-phase modulation (XPM), which in turn limits the network's performance. In order to mitigate this effect, a more sophisticated PLI-Routing and Wavelength Assignment (PLI-RWA) scheme needs to be adopted. In this work, we investigate the critical impairment for each data rate and the way it affects the quality of transmission (QoT). We propose a novel PLI-RWA algorithm for MLR optical networks. The proposed algorithm is compared through simulations with the existing shortest path and minimum hop routing schemes.
Chronic pancreatitis (2000)

Chronic pancreatitis causes destruction of the pancreatic gland which leads to diabetes and malabsorption. Its principal cause is alcohol abuse, and intractable pain is the main clinical feature. The incidence of pancreatic carcinoma is increased among patients with chronic pancreatitis.
Stereoselective Transport of Amethopterin Enantiomers by the Proton-coupled Folate Transporter (2010)

Stereoselective transport of methotrexate (L-amethopterin, L-MTX) and its antipode (D-amethopterin, D-MTX) by the proton-coupled folate transporter (PCFT) was examined using PCFT-expressing HEK293 cells (PCFT-HEK293 cells). Uptake of both L-MTX and D-MTX was pH-dependent and decreased with an increase in the extracellular pH from 5.0 to 7.4. The initial uptake rate of L-MTX into PCFT-HEK293 cells followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics with a K(m) value of approximately 5.0 microM. Dixon plots revealed that L-MTX uptake was inhibited competitively by unlabeled L-MTX, D-MTX, and folic acid (FA), with K(i) values of approximately 3.6, 180, and 2.1 microM, respectively. The initial uptake rate of D-MTX into PCFT-HEK293 cells also followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics with a K(m) value of 211 microM. The V(max) value of D-MTX was similar to that of L-MTX. The present study revealed that the transport of MTX enantiomers by PCFT is highly stereoselective with the uptake clearance of L-MTX being approximately 40-fold greater than that of D-MTX. It was also revealed that this high stereoselectivity results from the difference in K(m) values, and not V(max) values, between the enantiomers. The observed stereoselectivity was consistent with the differences in the intestinal absorption of MTX enantiomers in humans.
Evolution and functional divergence of NLRPgenes in mammalian reproductive systems (2009)

In conclusion, this study brings us novel information on the evolution of mammalian reproduction-related NLRPs. On the one hand, NLRP genes duplicated and functionally diversified in mammalian reproductive systems (such as NLRP4, 5, 9 and 14). On the other hand, during evolution, different lineages adapted to develop their own NLRP genes, particularly in reproductive function (such as the specific expansion of Nlrp4 and Nlrp9 in the mouse).
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies of glibenclamide in non‐ insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. (1990)

1. The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of oral glibenclamide have been studied in 31 hospitalised in-patients and 79 ambulant out-patients with diabetes mellitus. 2. Breakfast was found to have no significant influence on the kinetic behaviour of glibenclamide or on the effect of this drug on blood glucose utilisation. 3. The time course of glibenclamide kinetics after 20 mg dosing was adequately described by a two-compartment open model, yielding mean half-lives of 3.3 +/- 1.5 h (t1/2, lambda 1) and 9.7 +/- 1.2 (t1/2, z) for the initial and terminal elimination phases respectively. 4. No significant accumulation or change in kinetic profile occurred in patients who had normal renal and hepatic function, were treated continuously with glibenclamide, and then rechallenged after 8-12 weeks. 5. Despite inter-individual variations in drug absorption, peak plasma concentrations (Cmax) and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC(0-24] were dose-dependent over the dose range 5-20 mg. No significant dose-response behaviour was observed in respect of glucose utilisation, suggesting that there is little clinical benefit in using doses of glibenclamide above 5 mg day-1. 6. Comparison of plasma glibenclamide concentrations at different time-bands following doses of 5 and 10 mg showed a wider range in ambulant out-patients than in age-, sex-matched in-patients treated with the same dosages of drug. Mean plasma drug concentrations attained at all time bands up to 8 h after dosing were higher in out-patients than in in-patients, suggesting a tendency to 'over-compliance' by patients in anticipation of attendance at clinic.
First-generation SQUID-based nondestructive testing system (1993)

The paper is an overview of the results of an investigation of a first-generation SQUID NDT system working on the principle of the detection of magnetic inhomogeneities. The system incorporates a superconducting field generation coil—to apply a static magnetic field perpendicular to the test subject—and a differential two-coil planar pick-up coil connected to a SQUID, acting as the detector. These components are operated in a LHe cryostat in a normal (unscreened) laboratory environment. Test subjects are inspected by passing them beneath the cryostat during computer-controlled data acquisition. Typical experimental results are presented, and postprocessing techniques are outlined. Theoretical descriptions of the static field distortion technique have also been developed, based on the numerical solution of integral equations which model flaws as combinations of magnetic dipoles. The equations are presented, and results are compared with those obtained experimentally. Despite significant limitations it is concluded that potential applications for SQUID NDT exist and further investigation is worthwhile.
Fossil Fuels Without CO <sub>2</sub> Emissions (1998)

Recent work in carbon management (CM)--the separation and sequestration of carbon from fossil-fuel combustion to reduce atmospheric COemissions--has raised estimates of sequestration capacities and lowered estimates of costs, so that CM may offer substantial abatement possibilities more cheaply than nonfossil energy. CM9s seeming technological and economic attractiveness has major implications for the political economy of abatement and the design of abatement policies. CM also carries novel environmental risks and raises serious intergenerational equity issues, which urgently require assessment.
Short Notices (1978)

Journal Article Short Notices Get access WILLIAM THOMAS WILLIAM THOMAS Christ ChurchOxford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume XCIII, Issue CCCLXVII, April 1978, Pages 459–460, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/XCIII.CCCLXVII.459 Published: 01 April 1978
School Refusal: behavioural and diagnostic profiles of a clinical sample (2012)

Background School refusal is characterized by severe difficulty in attending school with associated anxiety. Based on the primary symptoms, the affected child may be categorised within a range of diagnoses. Although the subject has been widely studied, no data is available on the characteristics of Sri Lankan children with school refusal. Aims 1.To study the behavioural and diagnostic characteristics of children presenting to a specialist child mental health outpatient setting with school refusal 2. To assess the associated environmental influences and the outcome of intervention. Methods The study sample consisted of children who presented to an outpatient mental health service (Jan 2004- April 2005) with school refusal for 2 weeks or more. Data on presenting symptoms, behavioural profiles and diagnosis was obtained retrospectively from clinical documents. All children attended mainstream education. Results Data was available on 79 children. Mean age was 9.6 years. Majority were male. Mean duration of school non-attendance was 11.5 months. Somatic complaints (59.6%) and anxiety (50.6%) were the main clinical presentations. Low academic performance based on parents’ reports and school records was reported in 48.1%. The commonest diagnoses were anxiety disorder (31.6%) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) (16.4%). Possible precipitants for school refusal were conflicts with peers (33%) and bullying (30.4%). A socially inhibited temperament was identified in 40.5% and aggressive tendencies in 29% of children. Statistically significant associations were not found between variables except between the gender and diagnosis (p<0.05). Conclusions This study identifies clinical issues that need to be addressed in the assessment, early identification and management of children with school refusal. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/sljpsyc.v3i1.4453 SL J Psychiatry 2012; 3 (1):10-13
Correlation between intracranial pressure and pulsatility index measured by transcranial Doppler in children with severe trauma brain injury (2015)

This study was designed to see whether there is a correlation between the transcranial Doppler (TCD) parameters and the CCP and intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring during the cerebral hemodynamic changes and to evaluate ICP indirectly by TCD.
SHORT DENTAL IMPLANTS: A REALITY FOR COMPLEX CASES (2014)

PURPOSE: To evaluate the performance of short implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted between October 2009 and August 2013. The sample was composed of patients who had received at least one short implants, Bicon implant. RESULTS: Forty subjects who received 124 implants were followed for an average of 47 months. One hundred five implants (84.68%) were restored with single crowns. Three implants failed, for a cumulative survival rate of 97.58%. Of the failed implants, all were of 5 x 6.0mm. CONCLUSIONS: The survival of short implants was comparable with normal implants.
Load/Resource Matching for Period-of-Record Computer Simulation (1991)

The Southwestern Power Administration (Southwestern), an agency of the Department of Energy, is responsible for marketing the power and energy produced at Federal hydroelectric power projects developed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in the southwestern United States. In order to maximize benefits from limited resources, to evaluate proposed changes in the operation of existing projects, and to determine the feasibility and marketability of proposed new projects, Southwestern utilizes a period-of-record computer simulation model created in the 1960's. Southwestern is constructing a new computer simulation model to take advantage of changes in computers, policy, and procedures. Within all hydroelectric power reservoir systems, the ability of the resources to match the load demand is critical and presents complex problems. Therefore, the method used to compare available energy resources to energy load demands is a very important aspect of the new model. Southwestern has developed an innovative method which compares a resource duration curve with a load duration curve, adjusting the resource duration curve to make the most efficient use of the available resources. By comparing duration curves it is possible to determine the amount of any shortage as well as the percentage of time it occurs. Resources are then adjusted through each time period in an effort to meet the loads. This unique approach assures operations that provide reliable generation capability to meet all of Southwestern's loads.
Perforation of the ileum in Yersinia enterocolitica infection. (1985)

A 69-year-old woman with a 5-wk history of diarrhea and abdominal pain was found to have multiple perforations of the terminal ileum. Blood cultures and cultures of the fistulae and mesenteric lymph nodes were positive for Yersinia enterocolitica infection. This is believed to be the first documented case of perforation of the intestinal tract with this disease.
Conventional Training Versus Game-Based Training (2006)

Abstract : Game-based training is a promising medium for training effectiveness, particularly in military training environments; however, there are few empirically-supported guidelines on how to best implement this approach. The development of a theoretically-driven, empirically-supported tool specifying when and how specific gaming elements can be effectively integrated into training would allow instructional designers in many domains to make informed decisions about how to use game-based training to enhance learning and performance. This report describes how we began developing and evaluating such a tool. We created a taxonomy of serious game elements and integrated it with a taxonomy of cognitive functions derived from a task analysis of a flight training environment. This game element-training competency crosswalk forms the foundation of the proposed tool. We applied principles outlined in the crosswalk to develop specifications for a real-world training game for a flight training program, which will then be used to test premises and tool feasibility in controlled studies. The report details how the findings and products can be applied to other training domains.
Antidepressant-like effects of serotonin type-3 antagonist, ondansetron: an investigation in behaviour-based rodent models (2008)

The present behavioural investigation evaluates the antidepressant potential of ondansetron (OND), a widely used (in management of cancer chemotherapy-induced nausea and emesis) 5-HT3 receptor antagonist. Separate groups of mice received acute or chronic treatment of OND (0.005-1000 microg/kg), and were subjected to spontaneous locomotor activity test or antidepressant assays, namely, the forced swim and tail suspension tests. Interaction studies with fluoxetine, venlafaxine, desipramine and 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino) tetralin were conducted in the forced swim test. The effect of OND (0.01-1000 microg/kg) in combination with paroxetine (10 mg/kg, for 14 days) on the behaviour of male bulbectomized or sham-operated rats was also assessed. The postbulbectomy behavioural analysis included exploration in the open field and elevated plus maze. OND exhibited a biphasic dose-response profile, with antidepressant-like effects peaking at 0.1 microg/kg, in the forced swim and tail suspension tests. None of the tested doses influenced spontaneous locomotor activity. Chronic OND pretreatment augmented the antidepressant effects of fluoxetine and venlafaxine but did not influence the effects of desipramine or 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino) tetralin. Chronic OND (10 microg/kg) reversed hyperactivity in the open field, and decreased the percentage entry and time spent in open arms in the elevated plus maze. Summing up, it is observed that OND exhibits antidepressant-like effects, possibly mediated through postsynaptic 5-HT3 receptors.
Changes in Protein Solubility and Gelation Properties of Chicken Myofibrils during Storage (1989)

ABSTRACT The effect of storage on protein solubility and heat‐induced gelation properties of chicken hen breast and leg myofibrils was investigated. Myofibrils suspended in 0.6M NaCl, pH 6.0, showed increasing protein solubility, viscosity, gel strength and water holding capacity with storage at 4°C. However, the effect of storage was most dramatic only during the initial 10 hr for all of the parameters studied. The relative distribution of the proteins comprising the salt soluble protein (SSP) extract changed during storage. Although storage had little effect on breast SSP, it was detrimental to leg SSP gelation. Breast myofibril suspensions, for all storage times, contained a greater amount of SSP and had better gelation properties than leg myofibril suspensions.
Variable reliability protocol A protocol with a tunable loss tolerance for high performance over a WAN (2000)

Applications often have to chose between the slow TCP and the unreliable UDP. Robin Kravets from the GaTech has proposed an alternative: the Variable Reliability Protocol (VRP). The applications can specify what the allowable data losses are, and the protocol guarantees that the given loss tolerance parameters are respected. It should result in a faster throughput over WAN which have typically a higher loss rate. In this paper we describe how VRP has been improved, implemented, and integrated into Nexus, the communication library of the meta-computing environment Globus.
Mechanism of particle removal by megasonic waves (2009)

We elucidate the major mechanism of microparticle removal in the megasonic cleaning process through the direct visualization experiments. It is revealed that particles sitting on solids are removed by adjacent microbubbles that oscillate near the substrates and exert interfacial and pressure gradient forces on the particles. Other pressure and streaming effects are shown to be too weak to detach the particles.
The Role of Private-for-Hire Vehicles in Transit in Texas (2007)

This report updates prior national research related to the private-for-hire vehicle (PHV) industry. The first section of the report provides an overview of the PHV industry in Texas and the perspectives of transit providers, both within Texas and nationally, on the use of these businesses in operating transit services. The second section of the report contains five Texas case studies where PHV companies are providing demand-responsive, circulator, fixed-route replacement, and medical transportation services in support of public transit operators. The final section of the report provides guidelines for the effective incorporation of contracted services using PHV companies, with a focus on addressing issues raised by public agencies as documented in the first section.
INDOOR POSITIONING USING FM RADIO SIGNALS (2011)

Location based services are becoming an indispensable part of the life. Wide adoption of the Global Positioning System in mobile devices, com-bined withWi-Fi and cellular networks, have practically solved the problem of outdoor localization and opened a new market. This, however, is the case only for outdoors. There are numerous areas of ubiquitous computing, which require the knowledge of user position indoors. Awareness of user’s location is important in such areas as smart environments, assisted daily living, behaviour analysis studies. Over the past years, a significant effort has been dedicated to devel-opment of indoor localization systems. The results vary in characteris-tics, performance, and cost. Despite the effort, the existing indoor posi-tioning systems are still limited: they either require expensive infrastruc-ture (UWB, ultrasound), have limited coverage (Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, RFID, DECT) or low accuracy (cellular networks). The cost of commercial sys-
A New <i>ent</i>-Kaurane Deterpenoid from <i>Isodon Excisoides</i> (Sun ex C. H. Hu) C. Y. Wu et H. W. Li (2004)

A new ent-kaurane diterpenoid, excisoidesin (1), was isolated from the acetone extract of the leaves of Isodon excisoides (Sun ex C. H. Hu) C. Y. Wu et H. W. Li, along with kamebacetal B (2), glaucocalyxin A (3), leukamenin E (4), kamebanin (5) and wangzaozin A (6). The structure of the new compound was determined as 7α,14β,18-trihydroxy- ent-kaur-16-en-3,15-dione by spectroscopic methods. Compound 1–6 showed significant cytotoxic activity against human tumor Bel-7402 cells.
Evolutionary fusion of local texture patterns for facial expression recognition (2015)

This paper presents a simple, yet effective facial feature descriptor based on evolutionary synthesis of different local texture patterns. Unlike the traditional face descriptors that exploit visually-meaningful facial features, the proposed method adopts a genetic programming-based feature fusion approach that utilizes different local texture patterns and a set of linear and nonlinear operators in order to synthesize new features. The strength of this approach lies in fusing the advantages of different state-of-the-art local texture descriptors and thus, obtaining more robust composite features. Recognition performance of the proposed method is evaluated using the Cohn-Kanade (CK) and the Japanese female facial expression (JAFFE) database. In our experiments, facial features synthesized based on the proposed approach yield an improved recognition performance, as compared to some well-known face feature descriptors.
Sequential Monte Carlo Samplers (2006)

Summary We propose a methodology to sample sequentially from a sequence of probability distributions that are defined on a common space, each distribution being known up to a normalizing constant. These probability distributions are approximated by a cloud of weighted random samples which are propagated over time by using sequential Monte Carlo methods. This methodology allows us to derive simple algorithms to make parallel Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms interact to perform global optimization and sequential Bayesian estimation and to compute ratios of normalizing constants. We illustrate these algorithms for various integration tasks arising in the context of Bayesian inference.
Sensitization of Photoconduction in a Zinc Oxide Film by Eosin*† (1964)

The electrical conductivity in a zinc oxide thin film is increased by light absorption in an adjacent layer of eosin (Na). Activation spectra show that response is excited by irradiation in the eosin monomer and dimer absorption bands and in the long wavelength tail induced by the zinc oxide substrate. The photoresponse in bilayers varies with the one-half power of the illuminance, builds up and decays by first-order processes, and is proportional to the zinc oxide dark current. The temperature dependence approximately follows the zinc oxide dark conductivity. Measurements with voltaic couples show that charge transfer takes place across the interface. Possible mechanisms are discussed.