gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Detection of unique ALL1 (MLL) fusion transcripts in normal human bone marrow and blood: distinct origin of normal versus leukemic ALL1 fusion transcripts. (1998)

The partial tandem duplication (PTD) of ALL1 (MLL) is one of the more common molecular abnormalities in adult de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and carries a poor prognosis. The PTD of ALL1 is identified in leukemic blasts at the genomic level by ALL1 rearrangement upon Southern analysis and by genomic fusion following DNA PCR. The genomic defect encodes for a unique fusion transcript that is readily detected by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR). To determine if the ALL1 fusion transcript is specific for leukemic blasts or instead can be found with any frequency in normal cells, we analyzed 52 bone marrow and 8 peripheral blood samples from 60 normal donors by nested RT-PCR. Ten of 60 samples (16%; 7 bone marrow and 3 peripheral blood) contained a unique transcript showing a fusion of two ALL1 exons that was consistent with the PTD of ALL1. However, a corresponding genomic rearrangement or a unique genomic fusion of ALL1 could not be demonstrated by Southern analysis or DNA PCR, respectively. Marked differences were observed in the size and sequence of the ALL1 fusion transcripts detected in normal donors, compared to those detected in leukemic patients with a PTD of ALL1. Moreover, although the ALL1 fusion transcripts seen in AML always maintain the open reading frame, the open reading frame was preserved in only 5 of 10 fusion transcripts from normal donors. Finally, in contrast to leukemic blasts with the PTD of ALL1, the fusion transcripts in normal cells could not be detected in the poly(A)+ RNA fraction by RT-PCR. In summary, the origin and the composition of the ALL1 fusion transcripts found in normal cells appear to be distinct from those found in the leukemic cells. The data accumulated thus far suggest that the ALL1 fusion product detected in normal tissue results from the process of differential mRNA splicing rather than true ALL1 gene rearrangement. These findings also suggest caution in the use of RT-PCR for detection of minimal residual disease in AML patients with the PTD of ALL1.
ChemInform Abstract: A Stereospecific, Intermolecular Biaryl‐Coupling Approach to Korupensamine A en Route to the Michellamines. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Epoxy composites based on amino‐silylated MMT: The role of interfaces and clay morphology (2011)

Abstract Epoxy‐based composites containing sodium montmorillonite (MMT) modified by silylation reaction with 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (A1100) and N ‐(2‐aminoethyl)‐3‐aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (A1120) were prepared. The effect of MMT chemical functionalization, as well as inorganic content and dispersion method (i.e., sonication or combination of sonication and ball‐milling) on the morphology and mechanical and thermal properties of composites was thoroughly investigated by X‐ray diffraction analysis, dynamic mechanical and tensile static analysis, nanoindentation measurements and cone calorimeter tests. Morphological characterization showed that the MMT particles are only slightly intercalated by epoxy molecules. Tensile stress, elongation at failure, and toughness of the epoxy composites based on silylated MMT were found to be improved. The presence of 1 and 3% wt/wt of A1100 and A1120 silylated MMT clays allowed the tensile elastic modulus to increase respectively, of about 10 and 15% with respect to the pristine epoxy matrix. The overall results showed that (1) the silylation of MMT clays is a valuable method to improve the interfacial interaction between filler and epoxy matrix and (2) the interfacial interaction plays a role more significant than the clay morphology (i.e., the extent of clay intercalation/exfoliation) over the composite properties. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Molecular Transport through a Lipid Bilayer (2003)

Recently a cell membrane and a liposome are studied actively in the field of medical engineering such as the Drug Delivery System and the artificial oxygen carrier. Basically they have the common structure of a lipid bilayer. Although the elucidation of the molecular transportation through the lipid bilayer membranes is very important in such a biochemical process, experimental observation has much difficulty and even the mechanism of a molecular penetration is not understood clearly. Hence, in this research, the transport characteristic of the lipid bilayer was analyzed using molecular dynamics method. We calculated the excess chemical potential profiles of the small molecules across the lipid bilayer using cavity insertion Widom method. The three dimensional potential field was also calculated. We found that the vdW (van del Waals) potential field drastically changes with z coordinates. In the calculation of the electrostatic potential field, the contribution from the lipid molecules and water molecules were calculated separately, and we found that the each profile has own characteristic.
Synthesis of a 10-Membered Carbocycle By Olefin Metathesis (2001)

Selbst zehngliedrige Carbocyclen können durch Ringschluss-Metathese (ring-closing metathesis, RCM) erhalten werden. Die Synthese des Carbocyclus B durch RCM – der Schlüsselschritt der Synthese des Kiefernharz-Sesquiterpens 1,6-Germacradien-5-ol – wurde optimiert durch Schützen der Hydroxygruppe der Vorstufe A mit sperrigen tert-Butyldimethylsilyl-Resten und Komplexieren der Carbonylgruppe mit Ti(OiPr)4. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.angewandte.com or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Procedure call duplication: minimization of energy consumption with constrained error detection latency (2002)

This paper presents a new software technique for detecting transient hardware errors. The objective is to guarantee data integrity in the presence of transient errors and to minimize energy consumption at the same time. Basically, we duplicate computations and compare their results to detect errors. There are three choices for duplicate computations: (1) duplicating every statement in the program and comparing their results, (2) re-executing procedures with duplicated procedure calls and comparing the results, (3) re-executing the whole program and comparing the final results. Our technique is the combination of (1) and (2): Given a program, our technique analyzes procedure call behavior of the program and determines which procedures should have duplicated statements (choice (1)) and which procedure calls should be duplicated (choice (2)) to minimize energy consumption while controlling error detection latency constraints. Then, our technique transforms the original program into the program that is able to detect errors with reduced energy consumption by re-executing the statements or procedures. In benchmark program simulation, we found that our technique saves over 25% of the required energy on average compared to previous techniques that do not take energy consumption into consideration.
<title>Measurements and calculations of microwave radiance and reflectivity for storm-associated frozen hydrometeors</title> (2000)

During the TEFLUN-B (Texas-Florida under-lights for TRMM) field experiment of August-September, 1998, a number or ER-2 aircraft flights with a host of microwave instruments were conducted over many convective storms, including some hurricanes, in the coastal region of Florida and Texas. These instruments include MIR (Millimeter-wave Imaging Radiometer), AMPR (Advanced Microwave Precipitation Radiometer), and EDOP (ER-2 Doppler Radar). EDOP is operated at the frequency of 9.7 GHz, while the AMPR and the MIR together give eleven channels of radiometric measurements in the frequency range of 10-340 GHz. The concurrent measurements from these instruments provide unique data sets for studying the details of the microphysics of hydrometeors. Preliminary examination of these data sets shows features that are generally well understood; i.e., radiometric measurements at frequencies <EQ 37 GHz mainly respond to rain, while those at frequencies >= 150 GHz, to ice particles above the freezing level. Model calculations of brightness temperature and radar reflectivity are performed and results compared with these measurements. For simplicity the analysis is limited to the anvil region of the storms were hydrometeors are predominantly frozen. Only one ice particle size distribution is examined in the calculations of brightness temperature and radar reflectivity in this initial study. Estimation of ice water path is made based on the best agreement between the measurements and calculations of brightness temperature and reflectivity. Problems associated with these analyses and measurement accuracy will be discussed.
Bright photorefractive spatial solitons in tilted BaTiO/sub 3/ (2002)

We present the first observation, to our knowledge, of photorefractive screening solitons in BaTiO/sub 3/ and study the effects of a tilted crystalline orientation in such a zero-cut n-type crystal. We examine on-axis lD soliton propagation by cylindrically focusing a 515 nm laser beam and launching it along a crystalline a-axis and having it polarized parallel to the c-axis (extraordinary polarization).
Identification and functional characterization of cellobiose and lactose transport systems in Lactococcus lactis IL1403 (2003)

*INRA UMR INSA 135 Avenue de Rangueil 31077 Toulouse Cedex4 (FRA) Diffusion du document : INRA UMR INSA 135 Avenue de Rangueil 31077 Toulouse Cedex4 (FRA)
Effect of UV laser preionization on CO2-laser-induced optical breakdown (1985)

The effect of UV preionization by a KrF laser on CO2-laser-induced optical breakdown is studied experimentally. The electron number density as well as the breakdown probability is measured as a function of KrF-laser energy. The results show that the KrF-laser preionization is quite effective in initiating the optical breakdown. Once a breakdown is initiated, however, the number of produced electrons is found to be independent of the KrF-laser energy.
Dynamic Combinatorial Chemistry: Substrate H-Bonding Directed Assembly of Receptors Based on Bipyridine-Metal Complexes (1999)

The functionalized ligands 1 and 2 bearing hydrogen-bonding recognition groups have been synthesized. Their assembly by metal ions such as CuI and PdII having different coordination geometries generates different receptor architectures for the binding of suitable substrates. Addition of the complementary bis(imide) Janus molecules (4–7) to [1a, 2a, CuTf] or to [1b, 2b, Pd(BF4)2] mixtures leads to a moderate selective increase of the fraction of the [(1a)2Cu]+ or [(1b)2Pd]2+ complex depending on the Janus substrate used. Largest enhancements are observed for those Janus substrates that may be expected to display highest geometrical complementarity with the two complexes. These results represent a process directed by target binding based on dynamic combinatorial chemistry.
Laser-Induced Acoustic Desorption/Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry for Petroleum Distillate Analysis (2005)

Laser-induced acoustic desorption (LIAD) coupled with a 3-T Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer (FT-ICR) allows the simultaneous analysis of both the nonpolar and polar components in petroleum distillates. The LIAD/FT-ICR method was validated by examining model compounds representative of the various classes of polar and nonpolar hydrocarbons commonly found in petroleum. LIAD successfully desorbs all the compounds as intact neutral molecules into the FT-ICR. Electron ionization (EI) at low energies (10 eV) and chemical ionization using cyclopentadienyl cobalt radical cation (CpCo*+) were employed to ionize the desorbed molecules. The EI experiments lead to extensive fragmentation of many of the hydrocarbon compounds studied. However, the CpCo*+ ion ionizes all the hydrocarbon compounds by producing only pseudomolecular ions without other fragmentation, with the exception of one compound (*CH3 loss occurs). Examination of two different petroleum distillate samples revealed hundreds of compounds. The most abundant components have an even molecular weight; i.e., they are likely to contain no (or possibly an even number of) nitrogen atoms.
<i>In Vitro</i>Antifungal Activities of Amphotericin B, Fluconazole, Itraconazole, Terbinafine, Caspofungin, Voriconazole, and Posaconazole against 30 Clinical Isolates of<i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i>var.<i>neoformancs</i> (2003)

Aantifungal agents were tested against 30 clinical isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans using the NCCLS method (M27-A2). Posaconazole, itraconazole and amphotericin B had lower MIC t...
Use of Acyclic Glycosyl Donors for Furanoside Synthesis (1997)

Treatment of the peracetylated ethyl dithioacetals of d-glucose, d-galactose, and d-mannose with acetyl chloride and boron trifluoride diethyl etherate at reflux yields the known acyclic 1-chloro-1-(ethylthio) derivatives. These compounds are shown to effectively glycosylate a variety of carbohydrate acceptors using silver trifluoromethanesulfonate as the promotor, affording stereospecifically the corresponding acyclic O,S-acetals in good to excellent yield. Furthermore, following deacetylation, treatment of these O,S-acetals with a mixture of mercuric salts in either methanol or dimethylformamide gives rise to disaccharides terminating in d-furanosyl residues.
Fast Adaptive Condition Estimation (1992)

Recursive condition number estimates of matrices are useful in many areas of scientific computing, including recursive least squares computations, optimization, eigenanalysis, and general nonlinear problems solved by linearization methods where matrix modification techniques are used. The purpose of this paper is to propose a fast adaptive condition estimator, called $ACE$, for tracking the condition number of a modified matrix over time, in terms of its triangular factors. Symmetric rank-one modifications are considered, and it is noted how the schemes generalize to higher rank modifications and thus to nonsymmetric rank-one updates. $ACE$ is fast in the sense that only $O(n)$ operations are required for n parameter problems, and is adaptive over time, i.e., estimates at time t are used to produce estimates at time $t + 1$. Traditional condition estimators for triangular factors, such as the LINPACK and LAPACK type schemes, generally require $O(n^2 )$ operations and are not adaptive. The only situation where $ACE$ can break down is characterized, and a remedy is provided. $ACE$ is based upon min-max principles where a small generalized eigenvalue problem is solved at each recursive step. Numerical experiments are reported here and elsewhere, indicating that the method yields an accurate and robust, yet inexpensive, adaptive condition estimator for recursive matrix modifications.
Tangential soft x-ray camera for Large Helical Device (2001)

A tangentially viewing soft x-ray camera system is to be installed on the Large Helical Device (LHD). This camera system is aimed at exploring both detailed structures of the magnetic surfaces of the LHD plasma and helical islands induced either due to magnetic field errors or MHD instabilities. The frequency range this system is capable of exploring is 0&lt;v&lt;2 kHz; this range can be extended, if the space resolution or the viewing area were reduced.
Study of agreement between LDL size as measured by nuclear magnetic resonance and gradient gel electrophoresis (2004)

LDL particle size can be measured by gradient gel electrophoresis (GGE) and NMR. The agreement between the two methods has not been extensively evaluated. Therefore, we measured LDL size by NMR and GGE in 324 individuals (152 with type 1 diabetes and 172 controls). The Spearman correlation between both methods was 0.39 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.29, 0.48]. The average difference was 5.38 nm (NMR being smaller), but it increased with increasing LDL size. Less than 50% of people classified as pattern B on GGE were classified as pattern B on NMR (kappa = 0.31; 95% CI = 0.17, 0.45). Agreement was lower for diabetic subjects compared with controls, for women compared with men, and for subjects with triglycerides less than 1.30 mmol/l compared with subjects with triglycerides greater than 1.30 mmol/l. External validation showed that cholesteryl ester transfer rate was related to LDL size on GGE in all subgroups and to LDL size on NMR only in men and nondiabetic subjects. Our findings show that agreement between NMR- and GGE-based LDL size is far from perfect and is not consistent across subgroups of patients. In particular, the two methods should not be assumed to be interchangeable in women and diabetic subjects. Whether NMR or GGE predicts cardiovascular disease risk better has not yet been evaluated.
Fully regioselective catalytic carbonylation of acrylic derivatives: synthesis of methylmalonic acid by iron pentacarbonyl-catalyzed hydrocarboxylation of acrylic acid (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFully regioselective catalytic carbonylation of acrylic derivatives: synthesis of methylmalonic acid by iron pentacarbonyl-catalyzed hydrocarboxylation of acrylic acidJean Jacques Brunet and Elisabeth PasselaigueCite this: Organometallics 1990, 9, 6, 1711–1713Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00156a003https://doi.org/10.1021/om00156a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views161Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Evaluation of Higher Order Improvement of Unstructured Schemes for Helicopter Rotor Simulations (2012)

A high-order improvement to an unstructured viscous CFD solver is evaluated and applied to the computation of helicopter rotors in hover and forward flight. The high-order improvement is achieved by reconstructing flow variables at interface of each control volume through high-order polynomial approximations. The reconstructed interface variables are used as the basis values to evaluate the high-order fluxes on the sub-faces of each interface of the control volume using a radial basis function interpolation. The improvement on the unstructured scheme is evaluated for an inviscid unsteady vortex travelling with a free stream flow for the observed order of accuracy. The high-order improvement method is also applied to compute a realistic helicopter rotor in hover and forward flight. Numerical studies indicate that the current high-order improvement is effective in preserving the vortex strength generated by helicopter blades and thus improves the numerical accuracy of predictions.
Studies on the Walker tumor. II. Effects of adrenalectomy and hypophysectomy on tumor growth in tube-fed rats. (1952)

1. Bilateral adrenalectomy in tube-fed rats maintained with saline drinking water inhibits the growth of intramuscular Walker tumor implants to ca. 57 per cent of controls.

2. Hypophysectomy in tube-fed rats inhibits the growth of intramuscular Walker tumor implants to ca. 46 per cent of controls.

3. Cortisone acetate or adrenal cortical extract in doses used can only to a slight extent counteract the absence of the adrenals or pituitary.

4. Combined removal of adrenals and pituitary results in a cumulative restraint on tumor growth.
Evolution of etch profile and CD variation in maskmaking and SPT: simulations using TRAVIT software (2010)

Simulation of etch profiles and the variation of critical dimensions (CD) due to the etch process is an important task in maskmaking. The tolerance to CD variation is on the order of 1 nm, while etch itself can contribute a few nm if not properly corrected. Simulations of dry etch should compliment experiments in order to shorten process development time, optimize the etch process, and predict CD variation due to dry etch. TRAVIT software is described which considers multilayered substrates, the profile of the resist before etch, nonuniformity of materials throughout the thickness, GDS pattern, and etch effects like microtrenching, dispersion, and footing. The microloading effect that defines CD dependence on the pattern is also considered. The results of simulation include etched profiles at any time during the etch process and CDs of etched and remaining patterns. A new functionality was added to simulate complex technological processes such as MEMS etch and spacer patterning technology (SPT). Results regarding pattern density dependence on CD variation in chrome for dense lines, isolated lines, and spaces are presented. Optimization of CD variation and the placement error in SPT is also described.
[Ureteral injury in gynecologic laparoscopies]. (2004)

Ureteral injury is an uncommon and severe complication in gynecological laparoscopies. Symptoms like abnormally increased drainage, fever, flank pain, abnormal vaginal discharge and peritonitis after operation should be paid attention to and ureteral injury be considered. Surgical repair is the primary treatment.
Mechanisms of free radical production in the vascular wall (2003)

aDepartment of Medicine and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Center, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA bEmergency Medicine Department, University of São Paulo, Brazil cDavis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, USA Sponsorship: H.P.S. is supported by the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo. Correspondence and requests for reprints to H.P.S., Molecular and Cellular Biophysics Laboratories, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA. e-mail: [email protected]
Proceedings of the seventh international conference on 3D Web technology (2002)

These proceedings contains papers presented at the Web3D 2002 Symposium, which was held February 24-28, 2002 in Tempe, Arizona. The purpose of the symposium was to bring together researchers, developers, experimenters, and content creators of the Web3D community to exchange ideas and discuss future directions of Web3D related research and technology.
Energy non‐equipartition processes in the Universe (1999)

Plasma heating and particle acceleration in clusters of galaxies are discussed,in view of the recent observational results in X-rays.The energy source for these processes may be available from galaxy motions through the intracluster medium, and from self-gravitation effects in the central cluster potential. Magnetic fields are thought to play an important role.