gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Urinary 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine, a Metabolite of Oxidized DNA, is not Elevated in HIV Patients on Combination Antiretroviral Therapy (2003)

Mitochondrial toxicity of nucleoside analogues has been proposed to be the etiology of a range of side-effects from antiretroviral therapy of HIV infection. In this study, urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8OH2'dG), a metabolite of oxidized DNA, was measured to determine if antiretroviral therapy leads to oxidative damage to DNA. A cross-sectional study was carried out measuring urinary 8OH2'dG in three groups of HIV-infected patients: (1) antiretroviral medication naïve, (2) patients on antiretroviral medications without lipodystrophy and (3) patients on antiretroviral medications with lipodystrophy. Twenty-five patients were enrolled in each group. The mean spot urinary 8OH2'dG measurements per mg creatinine for the three groups were: antiretroviral naïve 4.27 +/- 0.61 (ng 8OH2'dG/mg creatinine +/- SEM), on antiretroviral medications without lipodystrophy 2.88 +/- 0.26, and on antiretroviral medications with lipodystrophy 3.27 +/- 0.30. The differences between the means of the three groups is not statistically significant (p = 0.055), and these results are not significantly different from reported values for healthy controls [A carbon column-based liquid chromatography electrochemical approach to routine 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine measurements in urine and other biologic matrices: a one-year evaluation of methods. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 27 (1999) 647-666].
Electrochemistry of polydialkylcyclopentadithiophenes—modulation of π dimerization by interchain spacing groups (1994)

π dimerization in polythiophenes , leading to stabilization of the intermediate polaronic form, hasrecently been proposed as the origin of the distinctive twin process in the oxidation cycles of polythiophenes. Electrochemical measurements on polymers obtained by anodic cupling 4,4‐di‐ n ‐alkylcyclopentadithiophene (see Fugure) confirm this; the π dimerization operates when the spacing groups between the polymer strands are absent of the spacing group increases. magnified image
Reliability of Skinfold Assessments in College-Aged Students (2015)

Skinfold thickness measurements are a quick, inexpensive way to estimate body composition. However, the reliability of skinfold measurements can vary between different testers depending on their training and experience. Purpose: This study determined the reliability of skinfold predictions of fat free mass (FFM), and compared them to the reliability of another field method, bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIS), which does not depend on training or experience. Methods: College-age students (n=5; mean ± SD: Wt: 73.6 ± 9.0kg; Ht: 174.0 ± 6.2cm) were measured on the same day. Triplicate skinfold measurements were taken using Lange skinfold calipers, followed by duplicate measures of BIS. Main Outcome Measures: Fat free mass (FFM) was measured indirectly using the Sloan and Siri equations for density and percent body fat, respectively. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze inter- tester variability for three testers and intra-tester variability for triplicate measures by the same tester. Pearson correlation coefficients were examined for testing the variability of an expert tester vs a novice tester, as well as between the duplicate measures of BIS. A probability level of 0.05 was selected for statistical significance. Results: The means of FFM based on the three testers were 60.2 ± 11.5kg, 60.3 ± 11.6kg, and 59.3 ± 12.6kg. No significant differences were found between the means of FFM in the case of both inter-tester (p>0.05) variability and intra-tester variability (p>0.05). Significant correlations for FFM were found between the expert tester and the novice tester (0.999, p<0.05), and duplicate measures of BIS (0.999, p<0.05). Interpretations: Skinfold assessment can be a reliable way to measure body composition with relatively little training of the tester.  However, since skinfold assessments and BIS are both field methods, other forms of assessments (e.g. DEXA or hydrostatic weighing) must be performed to confirm the accuracy of the assessments by the testers in this study.
Research topics and trends in medical education by social network analysis (2018)

The study analyzed the trends in medical education research using SNA and analyzed their meaning using complex systems theory. During the 53-year period studied, medical education research has been subdivided and has expanded, improved, and changed along with shifts in society's needs. By analyzing the trends in medical education using the conceptual framework of complex systems theory, the research team determined that medical education is forming a sense of the voluntary order within the field of medicine by interacting with social studies, philosophy, etc., and establishing legitimacy and originality.
On-line nano-solid phase extraction Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry workflow to analyse soil solution organic matter gradients in the rhizosphere (2020)

&lt;p&gt;Plant-microbe interplay in the rhizosphere generates multi-faceted chemical gradients. The soil solution is a crucial component of the rhizosphere, where chemical gradients of organic molecules first develop upon growth of roots, introduction of plant-derived carbon and microbial turnover. Studying these gradients requires high resolution both in time and space as well as high chemical specificity to resolve the multitude of compounds. Existing methods to probe the rhizosphere soil solution were mostly limited to bulk chemical parameters, inorganic ions or targeted analysis of organic molecules. However, to decipher organic carbon turnover in the rhizosphere the characterization of the complex pool of soil solution organic matter is needed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Here we present a novel method that combines time-resolved collection of soil solution samples via micro-suction cups in the rhizosphere with ultrahigh chemical resolution provided by Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) to unravel developing pattern of soil solution organic matter.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Zea mays plants were grown in soil columns for three weeks and soil solution samples of undisturbed root-soil system were collected once a week. Growth of the root system and hence position of sampling locations in relation to the distance from the root, were followed by X-ray computed tomography (X-ray CT).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The online sample preparation was optimised to extract and desalt the organic matter from a few microliters of soil solution. The downscaling to a nano-liquid chromatography system for the on-line extraction allowed the analysis of only minute amounts of organic carbon within the samples (down to 10 ng). Given the high background concentration of soil-derived organic carbon, the high mass resolution and sensitivity of FT-ICR-MS enabled to distinguish root derived molecules from soil organic matter based on their exact masses. Molecular formulas of the root derived molecules could be calculated showing distinct chemical characteristics as compared to the bulk soil solution. X-ray CT analyses enabled relating the results from the chemical analysis to distance from the root and root age. With increasing influence of the roots higher molecular masses and an increasing degree of oxygenation of the molecules could be observed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Our method is thus capable to show the changing small scale pattern of soil solution organic matter during the early rhizosphere development, closing the knowledge gap between root exudates, soil chemistry and microbial processes.&lt;/p&gt;
Microstructure of chemically modified wood using X-ray computed tomography in relation to wetting properties (2016)

Abstract X-ray computed tomography (XCT) was utilized to visualize and quantify the 2D and 3D microstructure of acetylated southern yellow pine (pine) and maple, as well as furfurylated pine samples. The total porosity and the porosity of different cell types, as well as cell wall thickness and maximum opening of tracheid lumens were evaluated. The wetting properties (swelling and capillary uptake) were related to these microstructural characteristics. The data show significant changes in the wood structure for furfurylated pine sapwood samples, including a change in tracheid shape and filling of tracheids by furan polymer. In contrast, no such changes were noted for the acetylated pine samples at the high resolution of 0.8 μm. The XCT images obtained for the furfurylated maple samples demonstrated that all ray cells and some vessel elements were filled with furan polymer while the fibers largely remained unchanged. Furfurylation significantly decreased the total porosity of both the maple and pine samples. Furthermore, this was observed in both earlywood (EW) and latewood (LW) regions in the pine samples. In contrast, the total porosity of pine samples was hardly affected by acetylation. These findings are in line with wetting results demonstrating that furfurylation reduces both swelling and capillary uptake in contrast to acetylation which reduces mostly swelling. Furfurylation significantly increased the cell wall thickness of both the maple and pine samples, especially at higher levels of furfurylation.
Efficient Spatial Variation Characterization via Matrix Completion (2017)

In this paper, we propose a novel method to estimate and characterize spatial variations on dies or wafers. This new technique exploits recent developments in matrix completion, enabling estimation of spatial variation across wafers or dies with a small number of randomly picked sampling points while still achieving fairly high accuracy. This new approach can be easily generalized, including for estimation of mixed spatial and structure or device type information.
Microbial Induction of Resistance to Pathogens (2014)

This chapter focuses on resistance induced by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, biological control agents (BCAs), as well as fungal endophytes. Various strains of soil-borne microbes have been shown to increase plant growth and to enhance protection against abiotic and biotic stresses. These microbes are referred to collectively as PGPR and plant growth promoting fungi (PGPF). Control of plant pathogens by BCAs can involve both direct and indirect mechanisms. Direct modes of action include mycoparasitism and production of inhibitory compounds, while indirect mechanisms can include competition for nutrients and space. In addition to composts, compost water extracts (CWE) have also been reported to induce systemic resistance in plants.
Pharmacodynamics and antithrombotic effects after intravenous administration of the new thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist sodium 4-[[1-[[[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]amino]methyl]cyclopentyl] methyl]benzeneacetate. (1994)

The antiplatelet and antithrombotic activities of LCB 2853 (sodium 4-[[1-[[[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]amino]methyl]cyclopentyl] methyl]benzeneacetate, CAS 141335-11-7) a novel thromboxane A2 (TXA2) receptor antagonist were examined after intravenous administration. The correlation between LCB 2853 plasma concentration and ex vivo inhibition of arachidonic acid-induced aggregation was observed in rats, for 4 h, as long as LCB 2853 was detected in plasma by HPLC analysis. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined. The antithrombotic activity was tested in arterial and venous thrombosis models. In dog coronary stenosis, LCB 2853 shown a very high efficacy (ED50 = 7.2 micrograms/kg), whereas acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) was only active at 3.2 mg/kg and ticlopidine was ineffective at 12.8 mg/kg. In rat venous thrombosis induced by combination of venous injury and blood stasis, perfused LCB 2853 decreased the weight of thrombi in a dose related manner (ED50 = 220 micrograms/kg/min). In a comparative study, at 250 micrograms/kg/min, ticlopidine was less potent and ASA failed to show any protection. The potent immediate efficacy of LCB 2853 and the advantageous comparisons with ASA (which was ineffective in some models) or ticlopidine (which needs metabolization lag time) observed in many models suggest that this compound may have beneficial effects in patients with TXA2-associated disturbances.
Detection of permeabilisation obtained by micropulses and nanopulses by means of bioimpedance of biological tissues (2011)

In this paper permeabilisation of potato tissue caused by either microsecond electric pulses or nanosecond electric pulses is compared. The intensity of permeabilisation is quantified by means of bio-impedance change. Thanks to this method, the impact of the repetition frequency was investigated. Data show that very low repetition frequencies can be much more efficient to permeabilise.
Rhetorical robots: Making robots more effective speakers using linguistic cues of expertise (2013)

Robots hold great promise as informational assistants such as museum guides, information booth attendants, concierges, shopkeepers, and more. In such positions, people will expect them to be experts on their area of specialty. Not only will robots need to be experts, but they will also need to communicate their expertise effectively in order to raise trust and compliance with the information that they provide. This paper draws upon literature in psychology and linguistics to examine cues in speech that would help robots not only to provide expert knowledge, but also to deliver this knowledge effectively. To test the effectiveness of these cues, we conducted an experiment in which participants created a plan to tour a fictional city based on suggestions by two robots. We manipulated the landmark descriptions along two dimensions of expertise: practical knowledge and rhetorical ability. We then measured which locations the participants chose to include in the tour based on their descriptions. Our results showed that participants were strongly influenced by both practical knowledge and rhetorical ability; they included more landmarks described using expert linguistic cues than those described using simple facts. Even when the overall level of practical knowledge was high, an increase in rhetorical ability resulted in significant improvements. These results have implications for the development of effective dialogue strategies for informational robots.
GANGLIOSIDES ATTENUATE AXONAL LOSS AFTER OPTIC NERVE INJURY (1993)

Gangliosides have been shown to be capable of protecting nerve tissue from mechanical and biochemical insults and promoting their repair. The present study provides morphologic evidence that monosialogangliosides attenuate the degenerative process at the distal stump of the rat optic nerve after crush injury. Injured rat optic nerves were treated for 7 days after injury with daily intraperitoneal injections of monosialogangliosides (30 mg/kg/day), and compared with untreated injured controls with respect to the number of viable axons 2 and 4 weeks after injury, as indicated by transmission electron microscopy. After 2 weeks, the mean number of viable axons in the treated optic nerves (n = 5) was slightly higher than in the controls (n = 5). Four weeks after injury, although the absolute number in both the experimental and the control groups had dropped, it was about seven-fold higher in the treated animals (1696 +/- 1149, n = 7) than in the untreated animals (216 +/- 65, n = 6); this difference was statistically significant. These findings, which offer some insight as to how monosialogangliosides affect injured nerves, may have important implications for treatment in cases of optic nerve injury.
Release of nucleophosmin from the nucleus: Involvement in aloe-emodin-induced human lung non small carcinoma cell apoptosis (2004)

Aloe-emodin (1,8-dihydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-anthraquinone) is one of the active constituents from the root and rhizome of Rheum palmatum. Our previous study has demonstrated that aloe-emodin induced a significant change in the expression of lung cancer cell apoptosis-related proteins compared to those of control cells. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the biological effects of aloe-emodin still remain unknown. Based on these reasons, we were interested in the change of aloe-emodin-induced total protein expression by the proteomics technique during aloe-emodin-induced lung cancer cell apoptosis. Our study applied 2D electrophoresis to analyze the proteins involved in aloe-emodin-induced apoptosis in H460 cells. We found that the release of nucleophosmin from the nucleus to the cytosol and the degradation of nucleophosmin were associated with aloe-emodin-induced H460 cell apoptosis. Our study also demonstrated that the gene expression of nucleophosmin remained unchanged after treatment with aloe-emodin. The aloe-emodin-caused increase in the amount of proform and fragment of nucleophosmin in cytoplasm may be one of the important events for aloe-emodin-induced H460 cell apoptosis.
Late Paleozoic Remagnetization of Shallow-Water Limestones in the Cordillera: Results of Micro"-Fold Tests from Stylolitic Compaction around Chert Nodules" (1991)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
<title>Full-dynamic phase modulator for heterodyne interferometric vibration measurements</title> (1996)

A novel full-dynamic phase-demodulator for heterodyne interferometric vibration measurements is described. Contrary to a conventional phase-demodulator, which has a limited dynamic range of +/- 90 degree(s), the proposed phase- demodulator has an unlimited dynamic range. This allows to recover phase information for displacements of the surface under test which are much greater than the wavelength of light. Noise measurements of the demodulator show that, for a carrier-to-noise ratio of 70 dB within 3 kHz bandwidth, a phase noise of less than 3 (mu) rad/(root)Hz can be expected. Finally, a digital version of the full-dynamic phase- demodulator with an extended frequency response has been developed. The comparison between the analog and digital phase-demodulator versions is discussed and examples of phase recovery are presented.
Electronic Pre-Compensation of Intra-Channel Nonlinearity in a 10Gb/s Optical Transmission System (2007)

We introduce several new algorithms for compensating intra channel \nnonlinearities in lightwave systems through electronic \npredistortion. These were optimized and modeled assuming realistic \nconditions at Nortel and were found to be insensitive to normal \nenvironmental and design fluctuations in commercial systems. We \nalso present an upper bound on system performance that agrees well \nwith measured results.
Accelerated test pattern generation by cone-oriented circuit partitioning (2002)

An efficient cone oriented circuit partitioning method is presented, which significantly speeds up automatic test pattern generation for combinational circuits. The advantages gained by the proposed partitioning method are based on the increase in the number of dominators in the circuit graph. In contrast to conventional ATPG working on the unpartitioned circuit test generation is less time consuming now and redundancies can often be identified without any backtracks. Experimental results illustrate the superiority of the cone oriented partitioning approach. Independent of the underlying ATPG algorithm the cone oriented partitioning results on average in a performance increase by more than a factor of 2.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Light filaments: an intricate case of light matter — matter-light interaction (2012)

Filamentation of high power pulses in air is reviewed. An attempt is made to reconcile the various conflicting theories and experimental results that have been published over the last 15 years on this topic.
The Chemical, Catalytic and Polarographic Reduction of 2,2'-Dinitrobiphenyl and its Reduction Products (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Chemical, Catalytic and Polarographic Reduction of 2,2'-Dinitrobiphenyl and its Reduction ProductsSidney D. Ross, George J. Kahan, and William A. LeachCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 16, 4122–4126Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1952https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01136a049Request reuse permissionsArticle Views151Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (531 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Facile method for the preparation of tri‐<i>O</i>‐(alkyl)cellulose (1992)

Abstract A simple way to prepare tri‐ O ‐(alkyl)cellulose from cellulose acetate (CA) in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) using the appropriate alkyl iodide and NaOH has been developed. In this procedure, the addition of a small amount of water to the DMSO solution improved the efficiency of etherification. The substitution pattern of (methyl)cellulose (MC) was investigated to determine the effect of added water on the relative reactivities of the glucose ring substituents. This etherification method can be applied to alkylate other polymers with acetate‐functional groups that are soluble in DMSO.