gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Secure Continuity for Sensor Networks (2006)

Addition of new nodes to a sensor network is a fundamental requirement for their continuity operation over time. We analyze the weakening of security due to node capture when adding sensor nodes using key predistribution schemes with "fixed" key pools. We have also developed an approach, which provides a significant improvement in security after multiple deployments through the use of multiple key pools, strong nodes and actors. These strong nodes are used as bridges between nodes of various deployments. To achieve better connectivity we use nodes of varying capabilities with the connectivity being a function of the quality of nodes available. We also explore the role that can be played by actors in enhancing connectivity.
Experiences of lifestyle management and support during pregnancy: a qualitative study (2016)

Background 
Overweight and obesity during pregnancy is associated with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among other complications. Lifestyle interventions have been shown to be effective in this population however, studies often fail to identify the behavioural mechanisms by which the intervention is expected to be effective. Our aim is to identify the barriers and enablers to behaviour change from the perspective of overweight and obese pregnant women and healthcare professionals (HCPs) in order to inform the development of a lifestyle intervention. 

Methods
Semi-structured interviews are being conducted with a purposive sample of overweight or obese women at different stages of pregnancy, recruited from a public antenatal clinic in a large academic maternity hospital in Cork (CUMH) (n=30). A purposive sample of HCPs will also be recruited (n=10-15). The Framework approach is being used for analysis, drawing on the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and the COM-B model of behaviour change. . 

Results
Analyses of pregnant woman interviews suggest that pregnancy is ‘a wake-up call’ as the risks of overweight and obesity are made explicit. Social influences were identified as a potential facilitator; pregnant woman suggested behaviour change was easier for them when their partners engaged in a healthy lifestyle. Analysis of HCPs identified the environmental context and resources within the health system as barriers, particularly the lack of dedicated obesity clinics.

Conclusion
Both pregnant woman and HCPs see pregnancy as ‘a wake-up call’ for changing behaviour. However, there are limited resources available to support women to make these changes.
The Determination and Application of Flow Injection Analysis (2005)

As an analysis technique, the method of Flow Injection Analysis (FIA) develop rapidly currently. The main test methods of Flow Injection Analysis (FIA) is introduced and its application in water analysis is discussed.
Arbitrary Point Cloud Upsampling with Spherical Mixture of Gaussians (2022)

Generating dense point clouds from sparse raw data benefits downstream 3D understanding tasks, but existing models are limited to a fixed upsampling ratio or to a short range of integer values. In this paper, we present APU-SMOG, a Transformer-based model for Arbitrary Point cloud Upsampling (APU). The sparse input is firstly mapped to a Spherical Mixture of Gaussians (SMOG) distribution, from which an arbitrary number of points can be sampled. Then, these samples are fed as queries to the Transformer decoder, which maps them back to the target surface. Extensive qualitative and quantitative evaluations show that APU-SMOG outperforms state-of-the-art fixed-ratio methods, while effectively enabling upsampling with any scaling factor, including non-integer values, with a single trained model. The code is available at https://github.com/apusmog/apusmog/
Proceedings of the MEVTV Workshop on The Evolution of Magma Bodies on Mars (1990)

The workshop focused on many of the diverse approaches related to the evolution of magma bodies on Mars that have been pursued during the course of the Mars Evolution of Volcanism, Tectonism, and Volatiles (MEVTV) Program. Approximately 35 scientists from the Mars volcanology, petrology, geochemistry, and modeling communities attended. Segments of the meeting concentrated of laboratory analyses and investigations of SNC meteorites, the interpretation of Viking Orbiter and Lander datasets, and the interpretation of computer codes that model volcanic and tectonic processes on Mars. Abstracts of these reports are presented.
Low Crosstalk Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer based on a Planar Silica-on-Silicon Mach-Zehnder Interferometer with UV-induced Bragg Gratings and UV-Trimming. (1997)

Optical Add-Drop Multiplexers (OADM) are key-components of multi-wavelength optical networks. Several techniques and designs may be used in order to achieve this function [1]. UV-induced Bragg gratings are of great interest since they enable construction of compact devices, and when written in the arms of a planar Mach-Zehnder interferometer they realise an OADM device with potentially low crosstalk. Moreover this device drops one channel without altering the other ones enabling cascading of several OADM's. Silica-on-Silicon planar OADM devices based on Mach-Zehnder interferometers have already been reported by other groups [2-5] but they were all limited by a low grating strength leading to a ratio between the -30 dB bandwidth in transmission and the -20 dB bandwidth in reflection, the so-called Bandwidth Utilisation parameter (BWU) [6], equal to zero and therefore a high intra-channel crosstalk. We present in this paper a planar OADM with a positive BWU obtained by writing strong gratings in waveguides [7].
Impact of Adjuvants on the Immunogenicity and Efficacy of Split-Virion H7N9 Vaccine in Ferrets (2015)

The adjuvanted H7N9 vaccines demonstrated superior immunogenicity and protective efficacy against H7N9 infection in ferrets and hold potential as a vaccination regimen.
Belief Propagation Reveals Allosteric Mechanisms in Proteins (2018)

The physical mechanisms involved in allosteric regulation remain unclear. We present a novel and efficient method for investigating the propagation of regulatory signals in protein structures. Our approach utilizes undirected graphical models to efficiently encode the Boltzmann distribution over geometric configurations. Belief Propagation is then invoked to efficiently compute: (a) free energies and (b) allosteric couplings between distal residues. We present results from two kinds of experiments. First, we show that our method accurately predicts changes in free energy upon activation and/or mutation. Specifically, our method achieves a high correlation with experimentally determined ΔΔGs (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.90 for core residues). Significantly, our method is capable of identifying those residues experiencing the largest relative changes in enthalpy and/or entropy. Second, we use our method to study the allosteric behavior of cyclophilin A in enzyme catalysis. Our analysis reveals the allosteric coupling between residues separated by as much as 20 angstroms from the active site. These results correspond well with experimental measurements. Our method requires a few minutes per protein, making it suitable for large-scale studies. Taken together, these results suggest that our method provides an effective means for investigating allosteric regulation at the proteome scale.
Regulation of Sulfate Assimilation by Light and <i>O</i>-Acetyl-l-Serine in <i>Lemna minor</i> L. (1991)

The effect of 0.5 millimolar O-acetyl-l-serine added to the nutrient solution on sulfate assimilation of Lemna minor L., cultivated in the light or in the dark, or transferred from light to the dark, was examined. During 24 hours after transfer from light to the dark the extractable activity of adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate sulfotransferase, a key enzyme of sulfate assimilation, decreased to 10% of the light control. Nitrate reductase (EC 1.7.7.1.) activity, measured for comparison, decreased to 40%. Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) sulfurylase (EC 2.7.7.4.) and O-acetyl-l-serine sulfhydrylase (EC 4.2.99.8.) activities were not affected by the transfer. When O-acetyl-l-serine was added to the nutrient solution at the time of transfer to the dark, adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate sulfotransferase activity was still at 50% of the light control after 24 hours, ATP sulfurylase and O-acetyl-l-serine sulfhydrylase activity were again not affected, and nitrate reductase activity decreased as before. Addition of O-acetyl-l-serine at the time of the transfer caused a 100% increase in acid-soluble SH compounds after 24 hours in the dark. In continuous light the corresponding increase was 200%. During 24 hours after transfer to the dark the assimilation of (35)SO(4) (2-) into organic compounds decreased by 80% without O-acetyl-l-serine but was comparable to light controls in its presence. The addition of O-acetyl-l-serine to Lemna minor precultivated in the dark for 24 hours induced an increase in adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate sulfotransferase activity so that a constant level of 50% of the light control was reached after an additional 9 hours. Cycloheximide as well as 6-methyl-purine inhibited this effect. In the same type of experiment O-acetyl-l-serine induced a 100-fold increase in the incorporation of label from (35)SO(4) (2-) into cysteine after additional 24 hours in the dark. Taken together, these results show that exogenous O-acetyl-l-serine has a regulatory effect on assimilatory sulfate reduction of L. minor in light and darkness. They are in agreement with the idea that this compound is a limiting factor for sulfate assimilation and seem to be in contrast to the proposed strict light control of sulfate assimilation.
Impact of single layer, double layer and four layer windings on the performance of AFPMSMs (2016)

In this paper, the impact of an increased number of layers on the performance of axial flux permanent magnet synchronous machines (AFPMSMs) is studied. The studied parameters are the inductance, terminal voltages, PM losses, iron losses, the mean value of torque, and the ripple torque. It is shown that increasing the number of layers reduces the fundamental winding factor. In consequence, the rated torque for the same current reduces. However, the reduction of harmonics associated with a higher number of layers reduces the ripple torque, PM losses, and iron losses. Besides studying the performance of the AFPMSMs for the rated conditions, the study is broadened for the field weakening (FW) region. During the FW region, the flux of the PMs is weakened by an injection of a reversible d-axis current. This keeps the terminal voltage of the machine fixed at the rated value. The inductance plays an important role in the FW study. A complete study for the FW shows that the two layer winding has the optimum performance compared to machines with an other number of winding layers.
Active control of the ablation plume for laser ablation atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (2006)

We have developed an extreme sensitive trace element detection technique that has been labeled Laser ablation atomic fluorescence (LAAF) spectroscopy, and applied to a nanometer-scale solid surface analysis. The absolute weight of the detection limit of 870 ag (10<sup>-18</sup>g) and high depth resolution of 3.6 nm had been demonstrated in trace sodium detection of polymethylmethacrylate. As a laser ablation was used in the LAAF spectroscopy, the behavior of the ablation plume is a very important factor for high sensitivity. So, we tried to control the plume by a buffer gas and an assist mask for more sensitive analysis. The diffusion velocity of the ablated particles was modified in collision with the gas molecules. Furthermore, it was found that the form of the plume was changed by the mask. Thus, improvement of the detection sensitivity of the LAAF is expected using this approach.
MRI simulator with static field inhomogeneity (2002)

This paper describes a new MRI simulator that provides realistic images for arbitrary pulse sequences executed in the presence of static field inhomogeneities including those due to magnetic susceptibility, errors in the applied field, and chemical shift. In contrast to previous simulators, this system generates object-specific inhomogeneity patterns from first principles and propagates the consequent frequency offsets and intravoxel dephasing through the acquisition protocols to produce images with realistic artifacts. The simulator consists of two parts. Part 1 calculates a frequency offset for each voxel. It calculates the size of the static field offset at each voxel in the image based on the known magnetic susceptibility of each of the components at all voxels. It uses a novel implementation of the ?Boundary Element Method? and takes advantage of the superposition principle of magnetism to include voxels with mixtures of substances of differing susceptibilities. Part 2 produces both a signal and a reconstructed image. Its inputs include the 3D digital brain phantom introduced by the McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, frequency offsets computed by part 1, applied static field errors, chemical shift values, and a description of the acquisition protocol.
Mobility Model and Traffic Mapping for In-Building Radio Design (2009)

A method to estimate and accurately distribute the building population and cellular traffic is presented and explained in this paper. This technique makes use of cellular traffic measurements to determine actual traffic on a per-existing-cell basis; these measurements are then used with characteristic mobility models of the population of the building in consideration, to produce traffic maps, which provide valuable information as how this traffic is distributed across the building. This strongly augments the ability of a cellular network to minimize blocking for 2G, and to reduce unexpected noise rise effects and a much better allocation of system resources for 3G and other wireless technologies mainly used indoors.
Adaptive servoventilation versus oxygen therapy for sleep disordered breathing in patients with heart failure: a randomised trial (2016)

NCT01187823 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
Molecular Composition of Leaves and Stems of Genetically Modified Bt and Near‐Isogenic Non‐Bt Maize—Characterization of Lignin Patterns (2005)

Transformation of crops, including maize (Zea mays L.), with the cry1Ab gene from Bacillus thuringiensis to combat lepidopteran pests results in pleiotropic effects regarding lignin biosynthesis. Lignin patterns in stems and leaves of two genetically modified Bt-maize varieties (Novelis T and Valmont T) were studied along with their non-Bt near-isolines (Nobilis and Prelude, respectively). Molecular-level based thermochemolysis using tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) in combination with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to quantitate the total lignin contents and to identify monomeric lignin subunits including p-hydroxyphenyl (P), guaiacyl (G), and syringyl (S) moieties. The results were supplemented and confirmed by cupric oxide oxidation. The stems of the transgenic lines had higher concentrations of total lignin than the respective isogenic lines: Valmont T/Prelude by 18% and Novelis T/Nobilis by 28%. In contrast, differences in the total lignin concentration of leaves between the transgenic and the respective near-isogenic lines were marginal. There were significant modifications in the ratio of p-hydroxyphenyl/guaiacyl/syringyl molecular marker units of stem lignin between transgenic and isogenic lines. The guaiacyl units (in particular the G18 marker) accounted chiefly for the higher total lignin contents in the transgenic lines. The leaf lignin patterns did not show significant differences in molecular markers between isogenic and transgenic lines. TMAH-induced thermochemolysis--conducted in both the on-line and off-line modes--provided detailed information on the molecular composition of lignin, thus proving superior to the established "wet chemistry" methods of lignin determination.
Air Target Detection in Pulsar FSR System (2018)

In this paper, one possible algorithm for air target detection and velocity estimation in a pulsar FSR system is proposed. In this processing algorithm, one approaches for extraction with nonlinear element of the target signal from the input mixture "direct pulsar signal + reradiated target signal" are studied. The signal processing algorithm is evaluated by computer simulation.
Generation of delocalized <i>E</i>′δ defects in buried Si oxide by hole injection (1994)

The generation of delocalized E′δ defects through hole injection in buried SiO2 (BOX) layers of standard separation-by-implantation-of-oxygen structures has been studied by electron spin resonance. Selective photoinjection of holes was carried out under positive biasing of deposited semitransparent electrodes. This leads to the production of numerous delocalized E′δ centers (density≊1.8×1013 cm−2) in addition to a large density (∼9×1013 cm−2) of the common E′γ defect (O3≡Si⋅+Si≡O3)—a result qualitatively similar to previous glow discharge damage data. Comparison of damaging agents applied to BOX indicates that E′γ and E′δ defects are generally produced in an approximately fixed relative ratio. The comparison further bears out that, while energetic photons (x and γ) and ion bombardment activate similar E′δ defects of axial symmetry, hole injection generates a more isotropic type, termed E′δ2. It reveals the tendency that as the damaging species gets ‘‘softer,’’ the g matrix anisotropy fades together with the disorder-induced g spread.
Analysis of the human perilymph proteome with focus on the presence of BDNF-regulated proteins (2018)

Due to the fact of limited histological access to the cochlea, most causes of inner ear disorders are unknown or poorly understood and also diagnostic methods are limited. The development of a mass spectrometric proteome analysis of human perilymph (PL) opens a new perspective for the evaluation of PL specific biomarkers.
Lithium Ion Phase-Transfer Reaction at the Interface between the Lithium Manganese Oxide Electrode and the Nonaqueous Electrolyte (2005)

The lithium ion phase-transfer reaction between the spinel lithium manganese oxide electrode and a nonaqueous electrolyte was investigated by the ac impedance spectroscopic method. The dependence of the impedance spectra on the electrochemical potential of the lithium ion in the electrode, the lithium salt concentration in the electrolyte, the kind of solvent, and the measured temperature were examined. Nyquist plots, obtained from the impedance measurements, consist of two semicircles for high and medium frequency and warburg impedance for low frequency, indicating that the reaction process of two main steps for high and medium frequency obey the Butler-Volmer type equation and could be related to the charge-transfer reaction process accompanied with lithium ion phase-transfer at the interface. The dependency on the solvent suggests that both steps in the lithium ion phase-transfer at the electrode/electrolyte interface include the desolvation process and have high activation barriers.
Recent Advances in MRI Based Volumetry and Morphometry for AD Diagnosis in Human (2011)

Alzheimers disease (AD) is a progressive disease usually accompanied by regional atrophy that can be detected noninvasively using structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). An abundant literature has demonstrated the value of quantitative measurements of regional atrophy in AD, suggesting that MR based volumetry and morphometry could be valuable and useful in clinical practice. The aim of this paper is mainly to recall the most critical points to consider when using MRI for automated brain volumetry and morphometry and review briefly the main findings in the literature on brain volumetry and morphometry in AD. Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, magnetic resonance imaging, morphometric biomarkers, MR-based morphometry, MR-based, volumetry, volumetric biomarkers, mild cognotive impairmentMCI, radio frequency FQ, ADNI, SNR
HIF-1α expression regulates the bactericidal capacity of phagocytes (2005)

Hypoxia is a characteristic feature of the tissue microenvironment during bacterial infection. Here we report on our use of conditional gene targeting to examine the contribution of hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (HIF-1alpha) to myeloid cell innate immune function. HIF-1alpha was induced by bacterial infection, even under normoxia, and regulated the production of key immune effector molecules, including granule proteases, antimicrobial peptides, nitric oxide, and TNF-alpha. Mice lacking HIF-1alpha in their myeloid cell lineage showed decreased bactericidal activity and failed to restrict systemic spread of infection from an initial tissue focus. Conversely, activation of the HIF-1alpha pathway through deletion of von Hippel-Lindau tumor-suppressor protein or pharmacologic inducers supported myeloid cell production of defense factors and improved bactericidal capacity. HIF-1alpha control of myeloid cell activity in infected tissues could represent a novel therapeutic target for enhancing host defense.
Antioxidant Activity of the Dihydrochalcones Aspalathin and Nothofagin and Their Corresponding Flavones in Relation to Other Rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) Flavonoids, Epigallocatechin Gallate, and Trolox (2009)

The antioxidant activity of rooibos flavonoids, including the dihydrochalcones aspalathin and nothofagin and their corresponding flavone glycosides, was evaluated using the ABTS radical cation, metal chelating, and Fe(II)-induced microsomal lipid peroxidation assays. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and Trolox were used as reference standards. Optimized geometric conformers of aspalathin and nothofagin, in addition to calculated physicochemical properties, were considered to explain interaction with the microsomal membrane structure and thus relative potency of the dihydrochalcones. The most potent radical scavengers were aspalathin (IC50 = 3.33 microM) and EGCG (IC50 = 3.46 microM), followed by quercetin (IC50 = 3.60 microM) and nothofagin (IC50 = 4.04 microM). The least effective radical scavengers were isovitexin (IC50 = 1224 microM) and vitexin (IC50 > 2131 microM). Quercetin (IC50 = 17.5 microM) and EGCG (IC50 = 22.3 microM) were the most effective inhibitors of lipid peroxidation. Aspalathin (IC50 = 50.2 microM) and catechin (IC50 = 53.3 microM) displayed similar potencies. Nothofagin (IC50 = 1388 microM) was almost as ineffective as its flavone glycoside analogues.
Targeting neddylation pathway with MLN4924 (Pevonedistat) induces NOXA-dependent apoptosis in renal cell carcinoma (2017)

Inhibition of protein neddylation pathway has emerged an attractive anticancer strategy in preclinical studies by using Nedd8-activating enzyme (NAE) inhibitor MLN4924 (Pevonedistat). Previous studies have reported the antitumor activity of MLN4924 mediated by its efficacy on apoptosis, autophagy and senescence. However, whether MLN4924 has any effect on renal carcinoma cells (RCC) remains unexplored. Here we reported that MLN4924 specifically inhibited protein neddylation pathway, leading to statistically significantly suppress the proliferation, survival and migration of RCC cells by inducing G<sub>2</sub> cell-cycle arrest, followed by apoptosis in a MLN4924 dose-dependent manner. Further mechanistic study revealed that MLN4924-induced apoptosis was mediated by substantial up-regulation of pro-apoptotic NOXA. These findings highlighted the anticancer effects of the neddylation inhibitors (e.g. MLN4924) for the treatment of RCC.
Modeling Sub-Nanosecond Pulsed Laser Dynamics Using the Exponential Time Difference Method (2007)

The authors show that the exponential time difference method is orders of magnitude faster than the standard finite difference time domain method to model the dynamics of longitudinally pumped sub-nanosecond pulsed dye lasers.