gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Introduction: Regulating Bodies, Regulatory Bodies (2009)

This is a book about embodied sporting practices. The centrality of the body in sport is often taken for granted, but in this book I seek to unravel some of the diverse and complex meanings and practices of bodies in sport. Although bodies are pivotal to what constitutes sport and to how it is understood and experienced, it has not often been sporting bodies that have been cited as the main source of empirical or illustrative material in the development of theories of the body and embodiment. Bodies are material; they include the physical bodies that are involved in sporting practices and the organizational bodies which regulate what is called sport. These bodies are also physical in the sense that they are material and involve social institutions, but the living human body has been seen as distinctive because, unlike, inanimate matter, the living body has some notion of consciousness or intentionality attributed to it. I focus upon the notion of embodiment, rather than ‘the body’ or even ‘bodies’ because embodiment always involves a self who is embodied and a self which cannot be disentangled from its corporeality. Embodiment challenges the division between subject and object. The idea of embodiment draws upon phenomenological accounts in which action and behaviour cannot be conceived of as outcomes of will which is then executed by the body.
Optically monitoring Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) growing in an air-fluidized/expanded potato starch matrix (1987)

In order to study cell behavior in solid fermentation processes, model systems using gelatin and starch have been developed to track Baker's yeast growth. The difficulty in estimating the cell concentration within solid materials arises because both the solid material and the cellular material contribute to the measurement (such as optical resistance). In general, however, the two materials cannot be easily separated, hence the need to measure the cells along with the solid supporting material. A simple spectrophotometric method has previously been shown to work well in both aerated submerged batch cultures and aerated static solid cultures. The optical approach is applied here to monitor a more complex solidified system: cell growth in a novel air-fluidized/expanded bed of yeast growing on a starch matrix. Conventional assays for reducing sugar, total extracellular protein, and extracellular lysine were also applied to monitor yeast behavior in this new system.
FERTILITY IN MARRIED WOMEN (1968)

Summary. The practice of AID designed to compensate for male sterility provides otherwise inaccessible data concerning the reproductive potential of nulligravidae in the general population. In the present analysis of 431 cases, preliminary investigation revealed a 76% incidence of unsuspected infecundity, the commonest factor being cervical dysfunction. Between 1955 and 1962 the conception rate increased from approximately 58% in a former series (1944–54) to 67%. The conception rate was higher in those receiving preliminary treatment than in the stigma-free cases, reflecting the rapid augmentation of diagnostic and therapeutic measures. The abortion rate over the whole period of 18 years remained constant, possibly revealing the irreducible incidence of embryological abnormality.
Quantifying Acid Placement: The Key to Understanding Damage Removal in Horizontal Wells (1996)

Abstract The placement of acid over the entire wellbore interval can be the key to successful stimulation treatments in wells with long (often horizontal) completion intervals. This paper discusses computer simulations performed to determine how fluids are distributed in the wellbore during bullheaded and circulated acidizing treatments. One of the novel aspects of these simulations is the inclusion of wellbore effects arising from the transient flow of acid and diverter along the wellbore. The results give an insight into a possible cause of some of the poor stimulation performances observed in the field when typical volumes of low-viscosity acids were injected without diversion or selective-placement techniques. Such situations can result in the acid coming into contact with only a small fraction of the treatment interval. The simulations also show how viscosifying the acid could have improved the stimulation performance. This paper outlines the basic concepts of the simulations and some of the general trends observed from the results. In particular, the inclusion of transient wellbore flow calls for the modification of recently published guidelines for various diversion techniques.
[Characteristics of the visual control of instrument information in flight maneuvers]. (1986)

Visual monitoring of flight parameters in a maneuvering flight simulated by a pilot trainer was investigated. Eye movements were recorded using a Japanese NAC cinecamera. It was concluded that visual monitoring and attention concentration included chained routes of predicted sequence which was determined by current events throughout the flight. The most interesting finding was that the chains of gaze switching between angular parameters of spatial position or parameters of pitch and roll flights included several components whereas the chains of gaze switching between one parameter of the angular position and one parameter of the trajectory control or between two parameters of the trajectory control included exclusively one component. Circular or closed routes of gaze switching and chained proper or open multi-component routes were discriminated. In a complex flight the chained or circular routes between two parameters of the angular coordinates became longer. This paper describes the microstructure of gaze switching within one indicator (air horizon) and discusses important problems requiring further research.
The Preparation and Characterization of Carbon Nanostructures Catalyst and its Catalytic Activity (2011)

In this work, the constructing of different carbon nanostructures materials were studied, and the single-structure and pure surface of carbon nanostructures were employed to as catalyst support and the morphology and structure of different carbon nanostructures-based catalysts were investigated. NO catalytic reduction was used as a probe reaction to investigate the catalytic properties of different carbon nanostructures materials and how the controlling of carbon nanostructures would affect its catalytic functions. The results show that vanadium was molecularly anchored on the surface of carbon nanostructures and the mesh-carbon nanotubes as a support show a high catalytic activity.
Robust Filtering for Linear Systems With Convex-Bounded Uncertain Time-Varying Parameters (2007)

This note addresses the design of robust H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> filters for linear systems with a state-space model subject to time-varying uncertain parameters with limited variation. The uncertain parameters and their rate of variation are assumed to belong to a given convex-bounded polyhedral domain. A method based on a parameter-dependent Lyapunov function is proposed for designing a linear stationary asymptotically stable filter with a guaranteed average error variance, irrespective of the uncertain parameters. The proposed design is formulated in terms of linear matrix inequalities.
Deficiency of Autophagy in Dendritic Cells Protects against Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (2014)

Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in the immune system. DCs present antigens to CD8 and CD4 T cells in the context of class I or II MHC. Recent evidence suggests that autophagy, a conserved intracellular degradation pathway, regulates class II antigen presentation. In vitro studies have shown that deletion of autophagy-related genes reduced antigen presentation by APCs to CD4 T cells. In vivo studies confirmed these findings in the context of infectious diseases. However, the relevance of autophagy-mediated antigen presentation in autoimmunity remains to be elucidated. Here, we report that loss of autophagy-related gene 7 (Atg7) in DCs ameliorated experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a CD4 T cell-mediated mouse model of multiple sclerosis, by reducing in vivo priming of T cells. In contrast, severity of hapten-induced contact hypersensitivity, in which CD8 T cells and NK cells play major roles, was unaffected. Administration of the autophagy-lysosomal inhibitor chloroquine, before EAE onset, delayed disease progression and, when administered after the onset, reduced disease severity. Our data show that autophagy is required in DCs for induction of EAE and suggest that autophagy might be a potential target for treating CD4 T cell-mediated autoimmune conditions.
Survey of Serum Amyloid A and Bacterial and Viral Frequency Using qPCR Levels in Recently Captured Feral Donkeys from Death Valley National Park (California) (2020)

Feral donkey removal from state land has raised concerns in terms of disease transmission between equine species. Disease outbreaks may occur as a result of the relocation of animals to new environments. Virus and bacteria DNA load and serum amyloid A derived from the pathogenic processes that they involve were measured in recently captured donkeys. Blood and nasal swabs were collected from 85 donkeys (Death Valley National Park, Shoshone, California); 24 were retested after 30/60 days in the Scenic (Arizona) long-term holding facility co-mingled with feral donkeys from Arizona and Utah. Quantitative Real-Time PCR (qPCR) was performed to detect viral and bacterial genomic material (equine influenza A [EIV], equine rhinitis A and B viruses, AHV-2, AHV-3, AHV-5 and EHV-1, EHV-4, <i>Streptococcus</i> <i>equi</i> subspecies <i>equi</i> and <i>zooepidemicus</i>,). Significant relations between behavior, body condition score, nasal discharge, and coughing were found in donkeys for which AHV-2 and <i>Streptococcus</i> <i>zooepidemicus</i> DNA was detected. Higher SAA concentrations were found in foals. AHV-2 and <i>Streptococcus</i> <i>zooepidemicus</i> DNA concentrations significantly differed between sampling moments (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In conclusion, donkeys do not appear to be a substantial risk for disease transmission to horses but could be if they carried strangles or other processes in which AHV-2 and <i>Streptococcus</i> <i>zooepidemicus</i> were involved.
Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Gait During Performance of the Dynamic Gait Index in People With and People Without Balance or Vestibular Disorders (2008)

Gait parameters underlying dynamic walking appeared to be relatively reliable across multiple trials and distinguished subjects with balance or vestibular disorders. Evaluating a person's performance on items of the DGI may be useful in identifying gait deviations and in evaluating gait improvements as a result of interventions.
<i>In Vivo</i> Release from Cerebral Cortex of [<sup>14</sup>C]Glutamate Synthesized from [U‐<sup>14</sup>C]Glutamine (1983)

Awake, unrestrained, and behaviourally normal animals with superfusion cannulae implanted over the sensorimotor cortex were used in a study of the capacity of infused [U-14C]glutamine for labelling glutamate and other amino acids released by depolarising stimuli. A spontaneous background release of [14C]glutamate was detected. This was increased by tityustoxin (1 microM). The specific radioactivity of glutamate increased eightfold during the evoked-release period. [14C]Aspartate was also detected and showed increased release, but not increased specific labelling, in response to depolarisation. Evoked gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) release occurred but only small amounts of [14C]GABA were detected. Glutamine showed increased rates of uptake to the sensorimotor cortex during stimulation periods, suggesting an accelerated breakdown via glutaminase.
DNA supercoiling and thermal regulation of unsaturated fatty acid synthesis in <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (1994)

Bacillus subtilis growing at 37 degrees C synthesizes, almost exclusively, saturated fatty acids. However, when a culture growing at 37 degrees C is transferred to 20 degrees C, the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids is induced. The addition of the DNA gyrase inhibitor novobiocin specifically prevented the induction of unsaturated fatty acid synthesis at 20 degrees C. Furthermore, it was determined that plasmid DNA isolated from cells growing at 20 degrees C was significantly more negatively supercoiled than the equivalent DNA isolated from cells growing at 37 degrees C. The overall results agree with the hypothesis that an increase in DNA supercoiling associated with a temperature downshift could regulate the unsaturated fatty acids synthesis in B. subtilis.
Hop pellets type 90: Influence of manufacture and storage on losses of α-acids (2009)

Hop pellets type 90 are the most frequent hop products used in brewing. They are usually manufactured by drying hop cones, temporary storage of dry and pressed cones, milling and pelletising. Other possibility is a complete integration of hop harvest, cone drying, milling and pelletising in continuous process without temporary storage of pressed cones. The paper deals with the losses of bitter substances (primary α-acids) during hop cones drying, their pelletisation by two manufacturing procedures and storage in different conditions. The results of this study show that integrated procedure of hop pelletising decreases the total loss of α-acids compared to the usual procedure. During storage of hop pellets (produced by integrated procedure) the highest decrease (loss) of α-acids content was observed in pellets stored at 21 °C in the presence of air and the lowest under inert atmosphere (N 2 ) at 4 to 7 °C, respectively.
A Compact Ultra-Wideband Dielectric Resonator Antenna (2015)

An ultra-wideband staked dielectric resonator antenna operating at 3.1-10.6GHz band is studied.By inserting a low-permittivity thin dielectric sheet between the dielectric resonator and the ground,the Qfactor of the dielectric resonator can be reduced effectively and broadening the antenna bandwidth.When cutting a small tetrahedron at the lower part of the dielectric resonator,an air gap is generated the bandwidth and the impedance matching of the antenna are enhanced.Through adjusting the dimensions of the air gap,multiple operating modes can be overlapped,resulting in an ultra-wide operating band.A shorting metal wall,based on the image theory,is placed on one side of the dielectric resonator,to reduce more than 50% of the antenna size without compromising the performance of the antenna.By simulating and testing to the dielectric resonator antenna,the result shows:the proposed dielectric resonator antenna achieves 4∶1a bandwidth(up to 118%)and the gain of 4-8dBi over the bandwidth.
Cutting bone with drills, burs, lasers and piezotomes: A comprehensive systematic review and recommendations for the clinician (2017)

Background: New tools for bone-cutting were introduced to oral and maxillofacial surgery in the last decade, such as lasers and piezotomes.\n\nPurpose: to evaluate most recent evidence, when surgical procedures performed with drills or burs are compared with laser- and/or piezotome-surgical procedures in experimental and clinical studies and to assess possible advantages of their use in daily practice.
Identification and Characterization of Three Orchid MADS-Box Genes of the AP1/AGL9 Subfamily during Floral Transition (2000)

Gene expressions associated with in vitro floral transition in an orchid hybrid (Dendrobium grex Madame Thong-In) were investigated by differential display. One clone, orchid transitional growth related gene 7 (otg7), encoding a new MADS-box gene, was identified to be specifically expressed in the transitional shoot apical meristem (TSAM). Using this clone as a probe, three orchid MADS-box genes, DOMADS1, DOMADS2, and DOMADS3, were subsequently isolated from the TSAM cDNA library. Phylogenetic analyses show that DOMADS1 and DOMADS2 are new members of the AGL2 subfamily and SQUA subfamily, respectively. DOMADS3 contains the signature amino acids as with the members in the independent OSMADS1 subfamily separated from the AGL2 subfamily. All three of the DOMADS genes were expressed in the TSAM during floral transition and later in mature flowers. DOMADS1 RNA was uniformly expressed in both of the inflorescence meristem and the floral primordium and later localized in all of the floral organs. DOMADS2 showed a novel expression pattern that has not been previously characterized for any other MADS-box genes. DOMADS2 transcript was expressed early in the 6-week-old vegetative shoot apical meristem in which the obvious morphological change to floral development had yet to occur. It was expressed throughout the process of floral transition and later in the columns of mature flowers. The onset of DOMADS3 transcription was in the early TSAM at the stage before the differentiation of the first flower primordium. Later, DOMADS3 transcript was only detectable in the pedicel tissues. Our results suggest that the DOMADS genes play important roles in the process of floral transition.
Loading and unloading operations in container terminals (2004)

We consider the problem of optimizing the time for loading and unloading containers to and from a ship at a container terminal, where containers are required to be transported by trucks between the ship and their designated locations in the container yard. An optimal algorithm and some efficient heuristics are developed to solve the problem with a single quay crane. The effectiveness of the heuristics is studied both analytically and computationally.
Active power filter based on interleaved buck converter (2013)

Power quality problem is a major problem now days. Causes of this problem can’t be avoided but it can be mitigate. Active power filter (APF) plays a major role to improve the power quality. These active power filters mainly used are of voltage source type converters. Apart from all the advantages an active power filter it suffers from “shoot- through” phenomenon. Dead time is generally aided in firing pulses to avoid this phenomenon. This addition of dead time eliminates the “Shoot through” phenomena but it results in poor compensation performance. A family of shunt active power filter based on interleaved buck converter (IBC) is explained in this thesis. This interleaved configuration based on the buck converter combination is advanced for its high frequency and high efficiency, in which the shoot-through is eliminated inherently without introducing the dead time. In this thesis, the operation principle of active power filter based on buck switch cell is analyzed in detail. Features of interleaved buck cell are analyzed. “Shoot through” and dead time effect described briefly. Comparatively study of conventional method and half cycle modulated current controller is done. Corresponding control strategies are applied in bridge, full bridge, three-phase and three-phase four wire configuration. Simulation results are shown to verify the feasibility of the novel active power filter. This family of shunt APF used in the application with high reliability requirement and high compensation performance.
Inverse Kinematics and Control of a 7-DOF Redundant Manipulator Based on the Closed-Loop Algorithm (2010)

Closed-loop inverse kinematics (CLIK) algorithm mostly resolves the redundancy at the velocity level. In this paper we extend the CLIK algorithm to the acceleration level to meet some applications that require the joint accelerations. The redundancy resolutions at the velocities and acceleration levels via pseudoinverse method are analyzed respectively. The objective function of joint limits avoidance(JLA) is combined into the redundancy resolution as an optimization approach of the null space motion. A seven-DOF redundant manipulator is designed to do the computer simulations and the real experiments are carried out on a Powercube modular manipulator. Their results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Non-slicing floorplans with boundary constraints using generalized polish expression (2003)

In this paper, we address the problem of VLSI floorplanning with considering boundary constraints. The problem is practical and crucial in physical design since architects decide to arrange some I/O involved modules along the chip boundary to minimize both chip area and off-chip connections. By using a new representation called Generalized Polish Expression, we propose an efficient algorithm to handle the boundary constraints on non-slicing floorplans. In addition, a new fixing heuristic based on modular similarity is also presented to effectively fix the generated infeasible floorplans during the process. The experimental result is good in commonly used MCNC benchmark circuits.
A Method for Designing Conforming Folding Propellers (2017)

As the aviation vehicle design environment expands due to the in flux of new technologies, new methods of conceptual design and modeling are required in order to meet the customer's needs. In the case of distributed electric propulsion (DEP), the use of high-lift propellers upstream of the wing leading edge augments lift at low speeds enabling smaller wings with sufficient takeoff and landing performance. During cruise, however, these devices would normally contribute significant drag if left in a fixed or windmilling arrangement. Therefore, a design that stows the propeller blades is desirable. In this paper, we present a method for designing folding-blade configurations that conform to the nacelle surface when stowed. These folded designs maintain performance nearly identical to their straight, non-folding blade counterparts.
Ultrasound of the neonatal brain. (1997)

Cranial ultrasound is currently the primary imaging modality employed in the assessment of the neonatal brain. Due to recent technological advances it is now possible to examine the developing cerebral surface, to assess sulcal-gyral maturation, and to investigate subtle changes in cerebral blood flow and parenchymal perfusion. This review discusses the currently accepted and the more controversial indications for neonatal transcranial ultrasound.
Synthesis of furo[2,3‐<i>b</i>]pyridine (1971)

Abstract Two routes were employed to synthesize unsubstituted furo[2,3‐ b ]pyridine (IV). The first method started with ethyl 5‐aminofuro[2,3‐ b ] pyridine‐2‐carboxylate (1) and involved successive deamination, hydrolysis, and decarboxylation. The second method began with 5‐nitrofuro[2,3‐ b ]‐pyridine‐2‐carboxylic acid (V) and consisted of successive decarboxylation, reduction, and deamination reactions.
Affine SKIP and MERGE modes for video coding (2015)

The latest video coding standard HEVC has already improved 40% coding efficiency than H.264/AVC, but it still follows the hybrid coding structure with the translational motion compensation scheme. In this paper, an affine motion representation is described first. The proposed algorithms to improve the motion vector coding for Affine SKIP/MERGE modes are also presented. The experimental results show that these algorithms can achieve on average 3.5%, 2.2%, and 1.4% BD-rate gains for low delay P, low delay B, and random access configurations, respectively, compared to HM 12.0. The BD-rate saving is up to 17.1% for sequences with complex motion.