gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chronological Supplement to the Carcinogenic Potency Database: Standardized Results of Animal Bioassays Published through December 1982 (1986)

This paper is a chronological supplement to our earlier publication, "A Carcinogenic Potency Database of the Standardized Results of Animal Bioassays.¿ We report here results of carcinogenesis bioassays published in Technical Reports of the National Cancer Institute/National Toxicology Program between July 1980 and December 1982, and the general literature between July 1981 and December 1982. This supplement includes results of 280 long-term, chronic experiments of 114 test compounds, and reports the same information about each experiment in the same plot format as the earlier paper: e.g., the species and strain of test animal, the route and duration of compound administration, dose level and other aspects of experimental protocol, histopathology and tumor incidence, TD50 and its statistical significance, dose response, author's opinion about carcinogenicity, and literature reference. While a number of appendices are provided to facilitate use of this supplement, we have not duplicated here the material published earlier. Instead, we refer the reader to the earlier publications (Peto et al. and Gold et al.) for a thorough description of the numerical index of carcinogenic potency (TD50), a guide to the plot of the database, and a discussion of the sources of data, the rationale for the inclusion of particular experiments and particular target sites, and the conventions adopted in summarizing the literature. For 44 of the 114 chemicals reported in this second plot, results of earlier experiments are also given in the first plot; since only 1981-1982 results are reported here, the first plot is required for these repeated compounds. In this paper we also give corrections for errors that appeared in the earlier publication.
Analysis of Glomerulosclerosis and Atherosclerosis in Lecithin Cholesterol Acyltransferase-deficient Mice (2001)

To evaluate the biochemical and molecular mechanisms leading to glomerulosclerosis and the variable development of atherosclerosis in patients with familial lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) deficiency, we generated LCAT knockout (KO) mice and cross-bred them with apolipoprotein (apo) E KO, low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLr) KO, and cholesteryl ester transfer protein transgenic mice. LCAT-KO mice had normochromic normocytic anemia with increased reticulocyte and target cell counts as well as decreased red blood cell osmotic fragility. A subset of LCAT-KO mice accumulated lipoprotein X and developed proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis characterized by mesangial cell proliferation, sclerosis, lipid accumulation, and deposition of electron dense material throughout the glomeruli. LCAT deficiency reduced the plasma high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (-70 to -94%) and non-HDL cholesterol (-48 to -85%) levels in control, apoE-KO, LDLr-KO, and cholesteryl ester transfer protein-Tg mice. Transcriptome and Western blot analysis demonstrated up-regulation of hepatic LDLr and apoE expression in LCAT-KO mice. Despite decreased HDL, aortic atherosclerosis was significantly reduced (-35% to -99%) in all mouse models with LCAT deficiency. Our studies indicate (i) that the plasma levels of apoB containing lipoproteins rather than HDL may determine the atherogenic risk of patients with hypoalphalipoproteinemia due to LCAT deficiency and (ii) a potential etiological role for lipoproteins X in the development of glomerulosclerosis in LCAT deficiency. The availability of LCAT-KO mice characterized by lipid, hematologic, and renal abnormalities similar to familial LCAT deficiency patients will permit future evaluation of LCAT gene transfer as a possible treatment for glomerulosclerosis in LCAT-deficient states.
Long duration shock pulse shaping using nylon webbing. (2006)

Abstract not provided.
Method Performance and Validation for Quantitative Analysis by <sup>1</sup>H and <sup>31</sup>P NMR Spectroscopy. Applications to Analytical Standards and Agricultural Chemicals (1998)

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) can be used to provide an independent and intrinsically reliable determination of chemical purity. Unlike chromatography, it is possible to employ a universal reference standard as an internal standard for the majority of chemical products assayed by quantitative NMR (QNMR). This is possible because the NMR response can be made the same for all chemical components, including the internal standard, by optimizing certain instrumental parameters. Experiments were performed to validate the quantitative NMR method described in this paper for the analysis of organic chemicals. Experimental precision, accuracy, specificity, linearity, limits of detection and quantitation, and ruggedness were systematically addressed, and system suitability criteria were established. The level of the major chemical ingredient can be determined with accuracy and precision significantly better than 1%, and impurities may be quantified at the 0.1% level or below. Thus, QNMR rivals chromatography in sensitivity, speed, precision, and accuracy, while avoiding the need for a reference standard for each analyte. Examples are given of (1)H and (31)P NMR used for quantitative analysis of agricultural chemicals, and a method for characterization of analytical standards is presented.
“Big Data Assimilation” Revolutionizing Severe Weather Prediction (2016)

Abstract Sudden local severe weather is a threat, and we explore what the highest-end supercomputing and sensing technologies can do to address this challenge. Here we show that using the Japanese flagship “K” supercomputer, we can synergistically integrate “big simulations” of 100 parallel simulations of a convective weather system at 100-m grid spacing and “big data” from the next-generation phased array weather radar that produces a high-resolution 3-dimensional rain distribution every 30 s—two orders of magnitude more data than the currently used parabolic-antenna radar. This “big data assimilation” system refreshes 30-min forecasts every 30 s, 120 times more rapidly than the typical hourly updated systems operated at the world’s weather prediction centers. A real high-impact weather case study shows encouraging results of the 30-s-update big data assimilation system.
Surface Phases on Silicon: Preparation, Structures, and Properties (1994)

This handbook attempts to review the data available in literature through 1993 on surface phases on silicon substrates. In the introductory section, the authors present the notion of surface phases, the basics of two-dimensional crystallography, and the experimental background used to study these phases. The authors review 64 absorbates on silicon substrate, including silicon itself. For each absorbate, data are reported, when available, for the three main substrate orientations. For each surface orientation, the structures are described, and the overall information is conveniently summarized in a formation-phase diagram. A brief summary of the results obtained from the formation of thicker films is also reported. Finally, when appropriate or available, information is included on surface properties and processes or phenomena related to the formation and occurrence of the surface phases of absorbates on silicon substrate such as self-diffusion, desorption, electromigration, chemical passivation, electronic structure modification, and enhanced reactivity of the silicon surface by the presence of the absorbate. The prototypical low-energy electron diffraction patterns encountered for each known superstructure for a single domain or a multidomain structure can be found in the final supplement.
Electromagnetic MEMS Based Micro-Power Generator (2006)

This paper presents a novel electromagnetic MEMS based micro-power generator with power density of 95 muW/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> . The power density under careful design can be doubled to 190 muW/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> . In addition, a complete design procedure for the micro-power generation system is presented. The procedure starts from the load power and voltage requirements and going backward in order to design the structure of the micro-power generator based on the available vibration input source (under known acceleration and fundamental resonant frequency). An example is assumed in order to demonstrate the design steps
Developmental patterning of the cardiac atrioventricular canal by Notch and Hairy-related transcription factors (2006)

Mutations in Notch2, Jagged1 or homologs of the Hairy-related transcriptional repressor Hey2 cause congenital malformations involving the non-chamber atrioventricular canal (AVC) and inner curvature (IC) regions of the heart, but the underlying mechanisms have not been investigated. By manipulating signaling directly within the developing chick heart, we demonstrated that Notch2, Hey1 and Hey2 initiate a signaling cascade that delimits the non-chamber AVC and IC regions. Specifically, misactivation of Notch2 signaling, or misexpression of either Hey1 or Hey2, repressed Bmp2. Because Jagged (also known as Serrate in non-mammalian species) ligands were found to be present in prospective chamber myocardium, these data support the model that Notch2 and Hey proteins cause the progressive restriction of Bmp2 expression to within the developing AVC and IC, where it is essential for differentiation. Misactivation or inhibition of Notch2 specifically induced or inhibited Hey1, respectively, but these manipulations did not affect Hey2, implicating Hey1 as the direct mediator of Notch2. Bmp2 within the developing AVC and IC has been shown to induce Tbx2, and we found that Tbx2 misexpression inhibited the expression of both Hey1 and Hey2. Tbx2, therefore, is envisaged to constitute a feedback loop that sharpens the border with the developing AVC and IC by delimiting Hey gene expression to within prospective chamber regions. Analysis of the loss-of-function phenotype in mouse embryos homozygous for targeted disruption of Hey2 revealed an expanded AVC domain of Bmp2. Similarly, zebrafish gridlock (Hey2 homolog) mutant embryos showed ectopic expression of Bmp4, which normally marks AVC myocardium in this species. Thus, Hey pathway regulation of cardiac Bmp appears to be an evolutionarily conserved mechanism to delimit AVC and IC fate, and provides a potential mechanistic explanation for cardiac malformations caused by mutations in Serrate/Jagged1 and Notch signaling components.
Stereoacuity of human infants. (1980)

Stereograms were presented in a two-choice preference procedure. The mean age at which stereopsis was first demonstrable was 16 weeks. By a mean age of 21 weeks, infants had achieved stereoacuity of 1 minute of arc or better. In comparison with the relatively slow development of visual acuity, the time course for the development of stereoacuity is extremely rapid.
Cerivastatin inhibits fetal calf serunvinduced DNA synthesis in cultured rat mesangial cells (2002)

SUMMARY: Inhibition of mevalonate synthesis by several statins has been shown to suppress DNA synthesis in glomerular mesangial cells. In the present study, we investigated the effect of a new statin, cerivastatin, on fetal calf serum (FCS)‐induced DNA synthesis of cultured rat mesangial cells. Cultured rat mesangial cells were stimulated by 10% FCS in the presence or absence of cerivastatin and mevalonate. 5‐bromo‐2‐deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation was used to assess DNA synthesis. the present study showed that 10% FCS caused marked stimulation of DNA synthesis in the mesangial cells. Cerivastatin inhibited FCS‐stimulated BrdU incorporation in a dose‐dependent manner. IC 50 was approximately 1 umol/L. Exogenous mevalonate, farnesyl pyrophosphate and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate significantly prevented the inhibitory effect of cerivastatin on DNA replication. It appears that cerivastatin, by inhibiting the synthesis of mevalonate, may suppress DNA synthesis in the mesangial cells.
Closed loop transmission for LTE system downlink (2009)

This paper studies the downlink closed loop transmission in the 3G long term evolution (LTE) system. We propose a precoding matrix selection algorithm from a finite codebook. The precoding, antenna selection, adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) require the channel information fed back from receiver to optimize the system performance. We study the codebook design and precoding matrix selection in LTE system, particularly the single user (SU) in a fading channel scenario. As a comparison to precoding, the antenna subset selection is investigated. The link adaption based on the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio is also studied. The proposed rank and link adaption algorithm select the precoding matrix and AMC that maximize the spectral efficiency under a certain frame error rate constraint.
Exploration of area and performance optimized datapath design using realistic cost metrics (2002)

We present a novel technique for datapath allocation, which incorporates interconnection area and delay estimates based on dynamic floorplanning. In this approach, datapath area is minimized by minimizing the number of wires, routing tracks, and multiplexers, while performance is optimized by minimizing wire length. The simultaneous optimization of these physical cost metrics allows the system to explore realistic design solutions.
Lipase-Catalyzed Copolymerization of ω-Pentadecalactone with <i>p</i>-Dioxanone and Characterization of Copolymer Thermal and Crystalline Properties (2007)

Candida antarctica Lipase B (CALB), a metal-free enzyme, was successfully employed as catalyst for ring-opening copolymerization of omega-pentadecalactone (PDL) with p-dioxanone (DO) under mild reaction conditions (<80 degrees C, atmospheric pressure). Poly(PDL-co-DO) with high molecular weight (Mw > 30 000) and a wide range of comonomer contents was synthesized using various PDL/DO feed ratios. During the copolymerization reaction, large ring PDL was found to be more reactive than its smaller counterpart DO, resulting in higher PDL/DO unit ratios in polymer chains than the corresponding PDL/DO monomer ratios in the feed. The copolymers were typically isolated in 50-90 wt % yields as the monomer conversion was limited by the equilibrium between monomers and copolymer. 1H and 13C NMR analysis on poly(PDL-co-DO) formed by CALB showed that the copolymers contain nearly random sequences of PDL and DO units with a slight tendency toward alternating arrangements. Copolymerization with PDL was found to remarkably enhance PDO thermal stability. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) results demonstrate high crystallinity in all copolymers over the whole range of compositions. Depending on copolymer composition, the crystal lattice of either PDO or PPDL hosts units of the other comonomer, a behavior typical of an isodimorphic system. In poly(PDL-co-DO), both melting temperature and melting enthalpy display a minimum at 70 mol % DO, that is, at the pseudoeutectic composition. WAXS diffractograms show one crystal phase (that of either PPDL or PDO) on either side of the pseudoeutectic and coexistence of PPDL and PDO crystals at the pseudoeutectic.
Control of ring lasers by means of coupled cavities (2000)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text P. Buchhave, H. Abitan, and P. Tidemand-Lichtenberg, "Control of ring lasers by means of coupled cavities," in Nonlinear Optics: Materials, Fundamentals and Applications, T. Li, ed., Vol. 46 of OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics (Optica Publishing Group, 2000), paper WB22. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Three-wave envelope solitons: Can the speed of light in the fiber be controlled? (1991)

Theory predicts that three-wave envelop solitons (TWES) can be generated in dual-mode optical fibers by injecting two copropagating light waves or a light wave and a flexural acoustic wave. The mechanism of the three-wave interaction is the recently observed intermodal stimulated forward Brillouin scattering. The velocity of the TWES can be controlled by changing the pump power. Using 200 mW pump power for a typical dual-mode fiber, the average speed of the light pulse in the fiber can be made as low as 30,000 m/sec. A recent growth of interest in dual-mode (DM) optical fibers for a variety of nonlinear switching and modulation schemes stems from the long interaction lengths and from the two nondegenerate copropagating optical modes (at the same optical frequency) offered by these fibers. This letter presents theoretical results suggesting that the speed of light in optical fibers can be controlled by using a nonlinear resonant interaction between two copropagating light waves and an acoustic wave in a DM optical fiber. The second order nonlinearity involved in this process is the intermodal forward stimulated Brillouin scattering (FSBS) in DM optical fibers. FSBS has been observed recently for the first time. In our quantitative examples we use the fiber and wave parameters from that experiment.
ChemInform Abstract: Macrocycles Containing Tin. Through Space Cooperative Binding and High Size Selectivity in the Complexation of Chloride Ion by Lewis Acidic Macrobicyclic Hosts. (1988)

Abstract The neutral Lewis acidic macrobicycles (Va) (from (Ia) via (IIa) and (IVa)), (VI), and (VII), in which both the dynamics and energetics of binding of chloride anion are highly size dependent, are studied comparatively.
Hyperthermia studies in polyamine-altered human lung carcinoma cells. (1990)

The effect of polyamine depletion on the survival response of human lung carcinoma cells (A-549) to acute heating at 45 degrees C and its effect on the induction and decay of thermotolerance were investigated in exponential and plateau-phase cells. A 48-h exposure to 1 mM alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), an irreversible inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase, was used to deplete intracellular levels of putrescine and spermidine. Inhibition of polyamine synthesis had no effect on the survival of exponential cells to heating at 45 degrees C, but slightly enhanced the killing of slowly proliferating plateau-phase cells. While DFMO treatment did not inhibit the development of thermotolerance, it caused a reduction in the thermotolerance ratio of exponential cells from 2.6 to 1.80, and from 1.66 to 1.59 in plateau-phase cells. DFMO caused thermotolerance to decay more rapidly in polyamine-depleted cells as well. Flow cytometry demonstrated that DFMO did not alter the cell cycle distribution of plateau-phase cells (i.e., greater than 73% in G1/G0), but caused a block and time-dependent accumulation of exponential cells in G1/G0. The cytostatic properties of DFMO in exponential cells which favor its use with phase-specific agents, and its ability to alter the magnitude and decay of thermotolerance in human carcinoma cells suggest a potential role for this nontoxic agent in clinically oriented hyperthermia studies.
Fast‐Response Photonic Device Based on Organic‐Crystal Heterojunctions Assembled into a Vertical‐Yet‐Open Asymmetric Architecture (2017)

Crystalline dioctyl-3,4,9,10-perylenedicarboximide nanowires and 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl) pentacene microplates are integrated into a vertical-yet-open asymmetrical heterojunction for the realization of a high-performance organic photovoltaic detector, which shows fast photoresponse, ultrahigh signal-to-noise ratio, and high sensitivity to weak light.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Regioselective Synthesis of 3,6‐Disubstituted 2‐(Methylsulfanyl)pyrimidin‐4(3H)‐ones. (2016)

Abstract The title pyrimidinones are highly regioselectively obtained by cyclocondensation of trichloro‐alkenones with non‐symmetric substituted isothiourea sulfates under mild basic conditions.
Monsoon: an explicit token-store architecture (2002)

Data-flow architectures tolerate long unpredictable communication delays and support generation and coordination of parallel activities directly in hardware, instead of assuming that program mapping will cause these issues to disappear. However, the proposed mechanisms are complex and introduce new mapping complications. A greatly simplified approach to data-flow execution, called the explicit token store (ETS) architecture, and its current realization in Monsoon are presented. The essence of dynamic data-flow execution is captured by a simple transition on state bits associated with storage local to a processor. Low-level storage management is performed by the compiler in assigning nodes to slots in an activation frame, rather than dynamically in hardware. The processor is simple, highly pipelined, and quite general. It may be viewed as a generalization of a fairly primitive von Neumann architecture. Although the addressing capability is restrictive, there is exactly one instruction executed for each action on the data-flow graph. Thus, the machine-originated ETS model provides new understanding of the merits and the real cost of direct execution of data-flow graphs.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Planar Lens Antenna With Circular Edge Inspired by Gaussian Optics (2013)

A novel two-dimensional fan-beam lens is presented. The principle of operation of the lens is based on Gaussian optics. The focal point of the circular interface between the dielectric and air is coincident with a focal point of a hyperbolic reflector, while the feeding source is located in the other focal point. The ray tracing method along with physical optics and full wave finite element method (Ansys HFSS) are used to simulate the structure and study the effect of the feed blockage. The two-dimensional lens is implemented in a parallel-plates waveguide and a technique for matching the feeding structure is proposed. Measurement results are presented and confirm the predicted performance.
Abstract 96: Thioredoxin-1 Is Essential for Hydrogen Sulfide-Mediated Cardioprotection in the Setting of Ischemic-Induced Heart Failure (2012)

Background: Numerous studies have reported the cytoprotective effects of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in various models of myocardial injury. Here we examined the role that thioredoxin-1 (Trx1) plays in mediating the protective effects of H2S in a model of heart failure. Methods and Results: Mice were subjected to 60 min of left coronary artery ischemia followed by 4 wks of reperfusion (R) at which time left ventricular dimensions and function were assessed. Mice received saline (Veh) or H2S in the form of sodium sulfide (Na2S, 100 μ g/kg) at the time of R followed by daily i.v. injections for the first 7 days of R. Mice treated with Na2S experienced less left ventricular dilatation and hypertrophy, displayed improved left ventricular ejection fraction, and displayed improved contractility and relaxation when compared to Veh-treated mice. Studies aimed at evaluating the underlying cardioprotective mechanisms found that Na2S treatment increased the expression of Trx1. Further analysis revealed that this was accompanied by an increase in phosphorylation of apoptosis signaling kinase-1 (ASK1) at serine residue 966 (inhibitory site), as well as a decrease in the phosphorylation of JNK and p38 (downstream targets of ASK1). We also found that Na2S treatment did not improve cardiac dilatation, cardiac dysfunction, or cardiac hypertrophy in cardiac specific Trx1 dominant negative transgenic (Trx1 dnTg) mice when compared to Veh-treated mice. Conclusion: These findings provide important information that the upregulation of cardiac Trx1 by H2S in the setting of ischemic-induced heart failure sets into motion events, including ASK1 inhibition, which ultimately leads to cardioprotection.
Structural properties and strain relaxation mechanisms of MBE grown InSb quantum dots on GaSb substrates (2009)

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