gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microbial community associated with glucose-induced enhanced biological phosphorus removal (2009)

The microbial community associated with enhanced biological phosphorus removal with glucose as the main carbon source at 11 degrees C was investigated using microscopy and molecular fingerprinting techniques. The study lasted 77 days and comprised two stages-Stage 1 when the mixture of glucose, yeast and dried milk was the organic carbon source and Stage 2 when glucose was the single carbon source. Rhodocyclus-related polyphosphate accumulating organisms, alpha-Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes constituted 42% in Stage 1 and 45% in Stage 2, 21% in Stage 1 and 16% in Stage 2, and 10% in Stage 1 and 7% in Stage 2 of the total bacteria, respectively. The Trichococcus genus from the low GC Gram-positive bacteria was possibly responsible for lactic acid production from glucose. The microbial community was gradually changing throughout the experiment and appeared to stabilize towards the end of the experiment. Periods of suboptimal phosphorus removal could have been caused by competition among different microbial communities for carbon substrate.
Comparative study on the linear thermal expansion coefficient of laser host crystals by first principles calculations (2022)

We evaluated the linear thermal expansion coefficient ( α ) of various laser host crystals with cubic symmetry by first principles calculations, where the relation of calculated α was CaF 2 >> Sc 2 O 3 > ZnS > ZnSe ∼ Lu 3 Al 5 O 12 > Y 3 Al 5 O 12 > Y 2 O 3 > Lu 2 O 3 at 300 K. The variation of temperature dependent α for these materials in past reports are approximately 15%, and it is comparable to the difference from our calculated α . We also proposed numerical models for thermal expansion from 150 K to 900 K that reproduced our calculated α with the error below 2%.
A Compact SIW Mixer For Millimeter-Wave Applications (2014)

The present paper highlights an innovative broadband millimeter-wave single balanced diode mixer which is designed using a newly designed 90 substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) coupler and two cavity (SIW) filters. The mixer covers RF/LO operating frequency range which fluctuates between 10 to 12 GHz and IF port covers 2GHz. The proposed mixer exhibits a fairly low conversion loss of less than 10 dB and high port to-port isolations over the frequency band of interest as the simulated results make clear. Furthermore, the two cavities SIW filter is embedded to achieve a better image frequency suppression of about 28dB. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i6.6684
Apospory appears to accelerate onset of meiosis and sexual embryo sac formation in sorghum ovules (2011)

The present study adds meiosis and sexual ES formation to floral induction, apomictic ES formation, and parthenogenesis as processes observed to occur precociously in apomictic plants. The temporally diverse nature of these events suggests that an epigenetic memory of the plants' apomixis status exists throughout its life cycle, which triggers, during multiple life cycle phases, temporally distinct processes that accelerate reproduction.
Electron-beam Quality Degradation In A Long Undulator (2005)

Under the influence of space charge or longitudinal wake fields, transporting an electron beam through a long undulator can cause a degradation of beam quality. Using the PARMELA code, including longitudinal wake-field and space-charge contributions, we simulate a beam bunch that travels through the undulator. The electron beam is focused in both planes with the parabolic pole faces of the undulator. The effect of space charge on the beam envelope is also calculated using the K-V (Kapchinskij-Viadirairskij) envelope equation.
ChemInform Abstract: METALLOID DERIVATIVES FOR SYNTHESIS: MONODERIVATIZATION OF SYMMETRIC DIOLS (1980)

Abstract Dibutylzinnoxid (II) reagiert mit dem Diol (I) zum cyclischen Ester (III), der stufenweise über das Derivat (IV) zu den unsymmetrischen Derivaten (V) umgesetzt werden kann.
Development of collateral function with repetitive coronary occlusion in a canine model reduces myocardial reactive hyperemia in the absence of significant coronary stenosis. (1984)

The present study was designed to elucidate the role of collateral development, per se, on reactive hyperemia without persistent coronary stenosis in instrumented conscious dogs. Functional states of coronary collaterals were augmented by repetitive 2 minutes of coronary occlusion every 30 minutes for 2-9 days. Regional shortening measured sonomicrometrically recovered from -1.2 +/- 6.5% of the preocclusive state at the end of the first coronary occlusion to 100.5 +/- 1.2% (n = 8, P less than 0.01) after repeated coronary occlusions. Before and after collateral development, transient coronary occlusions of 5, 10, 20, 30, 60, 90, and 120 seconds were randomly performed. The degree of regional dysfunction and the following reactive hyperemic response were measured. Up to 20 seconds of coronary occlusion, the flow ratio and duration of coronary reactive hyperemia increased similarly, both before and after collateral development. However, when the duration of coronary occlusion was over 30 seconds, flow ratio and debt repayment ratio were reduced progressively after the collateral development. Among the indices exhibiting reactive hyperemia, debt repayment ratio decreased initially and correlated well with the recovery of regional dysfunction during coronary occlusion. Thus, the augmentation of collateral function after repetitive coronary occlusion reduces reactive hyperemia even in the absence of significant coronary stenosis.
Camera and Instrument Holders and Their Clinical Value in Minimally Invasive Surgery (2004)

During minimally invasive procedures an assistant is controlling the laparoscope. Ideally, the surgeon should be able to manipulate all instruments including the camera him/herself, to avoid communication problems and disturbing camera movements. Camera holders return camera-control to the surgeon and stabilize the laparoscopic image. An additional holder can be used to stabilize an extra laparoscopic instrument for retracting. A literature survey has been carried out giving an overview of the existing "robotic" and passive camera and instrument holders and, if available, results of their clinical value. Benefits and limitations were identified. Most studies showed that camera holders, passive and active, provide the surgeon with a more stable image and enables them to control their own view direction. Only the passive holders were suitable for holding instruments. Comparisons between different systems are reviewed. Both active and passive camera and instrument holders are functional, and may be helpful to perform solo-surgery. The benefits of active holders are questionable in relation to the performance of the much simpler passive designs.
Using comparative genomics to develop a molecular diagnostic for the identification of an emerging pest <i>Drosophila suzukii</i> (2015)

Drosophila suzukii (Spotted Wing Drosophila) has recently become a serious invasive pest of fruit crops in the USA, Canada, and Europe, leading to substantial economic losses. D. suzukii is a direct pest, ovipositing directly into ripe or ripening fruits; in contrast, other Drosophilids utilize decaying or blemished fruits and are nuisance pests at worst. Immature stages of D. suzukii are difficult to differentiate from other Drosophilids, posing problems for research and for meeting quarantine restrictions designed to prevent the spread of this pest in fruit exports. Here we used a combined phylogenetic and bioinformatic approach to discover genetic markers suitable for a species diagnostic protocol of this agricultural pest. We describe a molecular diagnostic for rapid identification of single D. suzukii larva using multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Our molecular diagnostic was validated using nine different species of Drosophila for specificity and 19 populations of D. suzukii from different geographical regions to ensure utility within species.
Multi-layer Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters for Improved Power Generation (2014)

Abstract: Low power consuming sensor networks have drawn the attention of many researchers in the domain of energy\nharvesting using smart materials. Piezoelectric smart materials have been extensively studied to transform the mechanical energy in the form of vibrations to electrical energy. There have been several attempts to improve the generated power by optimizing the harvester configuration and the processing electronics. In this paper, a multi-layer configuration of a cantilever based harvester is analyzed and compared with a bimorph configuration. Published models of bimorphs assume that the piezoelectric material covers the cantilever completely. This paper focuses on studying the partial coverage of piezoelectric material on the beam and analyzing the multi-layer configuration of the active material. It is observed analytically and experimentally that the multi-layer configuration is superior to the bimorphs when compared for the same volume of the piezoelectric material used. Experimentally, multilayer harvester and bimorphs made of Polyvinylidinefluoride (PVDF) are tested under similar conditions to observe that the multilayer harvester generates 230 μW/cm3/g2 which is more than twice the value obtained from bimorphs, thus demonstrating a better than 100% improvement in performance.\n
Fractal compression for video transmission on the digital battlefield (1994)

Live motion video has been transmitted over tactical Army radios such as SINCGARS. This paper describes a technology which enables this transmission. The technology is based on the fractal transform which codes an image as a set of spatial and spectral self-referential relationships. This fractal coding methodology is highly efficient and substantial data reduction occurs. The technology is capable of addressing expected communication channel induced errors and portability requirements, such as those anticipated in the 21st Century Land Warrior Program.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Noninvasive imaging of oral premalignancy and malignancy (2005)

Objectives: Early detection of cancer and its curable precursors remains the best way to ensure patient survival and quality of life. Despite significant advances in treatment, oral cancer still results in 10,000 U.S. deaths annually, mainly due to the late detection of most oral lesions. Specific aim was to use a combination of non-invasive optical in vivo technologies to test a multi-modality approach to non-invasive diagnostics of oral premalignancy and malignancy. Methods: In the hamster cheek pouch model (120 hamsters), in vivo optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical Doppler tomography (ODT) mapped epithelial, subepithelial and vascular change throughout carcinogenesis in specific, marked sites. In vivo multi-wavelength multi-photon (MPM) and second harmonic generated (SHG) fluorescence techniques provided parallel data on surface and subsurface tissue structure, specifically collagen presence and structure, cellular presence, and vasculature. Images were diagnosed by 2 blinded, pre-standardized investigators using a standardized scale from 0-6 for all modalities. After sacrifice, histopathological sections were prepared and pathology evaluated on a scale of 0-6. ANOVA techniques compared imaging diagnostics with histopathology. 95% confidence limits of the sensitivity and specificity were established for the diagnostic capability of OCT/ODT+ MPM/SHG using ROC curves and kappa statistics. Results: Imaging data were reproducibly obtained with good accuracy. Carcinogenesis-related structural and vascular changes were clearly visible to tissue depths of 2mm. Sensitivity (OCT/ODT alone: 71-88%; OCT+MPM/SHG: 79-91%) and specificity (OCT alone: 62-83%;OCT+MPM/SHG: 67-90%) compared well with conventional techniques. Conclusions: OCT/ODT and MPM/SHG are promising non-invasive in vivo diagnostic modalities for oral dysplasia and malignancy. Supported by CRFA 30003, CCRP 00-01391V-20235, NIH (LAMMP) RR01192, DOE DE903-91ER 61227, NIH EB-00293 CA91717, NSF BES-86924, AFOSR FA 9550-04-1-0101.
Omega-hydroxylation of 12-L-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. (1984)

Incubation of arachidonic acid or 12-Ls-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid with suspensions of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes led to the formation of 12-Ls,20-dihydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid. The structure of the new metabolite was by physical methods and by chemical degradation.
Involvement of cell-cell interactions in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. (1997)

Retinopathy is a severely disabling complication of diabetes mellitus whose underlying mechanisms are still obscure. The key question is why retinal microvessels are so reactive to the diabetic environment, whereas other microvessels show no evidence of alteration. The answer could lie in the particular structure and location of retinal microvessels since they are composed of, and surrounded by, various types of cells, thereby favouring cell-cell interactions which occur between cells of the capillary wall itself but also with circulating blood cells and retinal neural cells. In the retinal capillary wall, pericytes are in close relation with underlying endothelial cells, and both cell types have close contacts with the capillary basement membrane. Adhesion molecules and cell surface glycoconjugates appear to be the main mediators of interactions between circulating blood cells and capillary endothelial cells, whereas growth factors seem to play a major role in interactions between glial and capillary wall cells in the retina. Biochemical dysfunctions observed in diabetes, such as glycation of proteins and enhanced oxidative stress, could modify these cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, thereby disturbing the complex cellular organization in which retinal microvessels are embedded. The aim of this review was to provide an overall, nonexhaustive description of some types of cellular interactions that may underlie the pathogenic mechanisms involved in flow and growth changes leading to diabetic retinopathy.
Planar Path Following of 3-D Steering Scaled-Up Helical Microswimmers (2015)

Helical microswimmers that are capable of propulsion at low Reynolds numbers have great potential for numerous applications. Several kinds of artificial magnetic-actuated helical microswimmers have been designed by researchers. However, they are primarily open-loop controlled. This paper aims to investigate methods of closed-loop control of a magnetic-actuated helical swimmer at low Reynolds number by using visual feedback. For many in-vitro applications, helical swimmers should pass through a defined path, for example along channels with no prerequisite on the velocity profile along the path. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to achieve a velocity-independent planar path following task. Since the planar path following is based on 3-D steering control of the helical swimmer, a 3-D pose estimation of a helical swimmer is introduced based on the real-time visual tracking with a stereo vision system. The contribution of this paper is in two parts: The 3-D steering of a helical swimmer is demonstrated by visual servo control; and the path following of a straight line with visual servo control is achieved, then compared with open-loop control. We further expect that with this visual servo control method, the helical swimmers will be able to follow reference paths at the microscale.
Nonparametric Analysis of Clustered ROC Curve Data (1997)

Current methods for estimating the accuracy of diagnostic tests require independence of the test results in the sample. However, cases in which there are multiple test results from the same patient are quite common. In such cases, estimation and inference of the accuracy of diagnostic tests must account for intracluster correlation. In the present paper, the structural components method of DeLong, DeLong, and Clarke-Pearson (1988, Biometrics 44, 837-844) is extended to the estimation of the Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve area for clustered data, incorporating the concepts of design effect and effective sample size used by Rao and Scott (1992, Biometrics 48, 577-585) for clustered binary data. Results of a Monte Carlo simulation study indicate that the size of statistical tests that assume independence is inflated in the presence of intracluster correlation. The proposed method, on the other hand, appropriately handles a wide variety of intracluster correlations, e.g., correlations between true disease statuses and between test results. In addition, the method can be applied to both continuous and ordinal test results. A strategy for estimating sample size requirements for future studies using clustered data is discussed.
Sensor- and Recognition-Based Input for Interaction (2012)

This chapter focuses on the sensors relevant to interactive applications and their typical modes of use. Experimenting with such sensors has never been easier. It presents the variety of available sensors and how they are often used in interactive systems. The chapter addresses signal processing, recognition techniques, and further considerations in designing sensor and recognition-based interactive systems. Probably owing to the importance of sensing technology in security applications, many devices and techniques exist to sense either motion or a person’s presence. Range sensors calculate the distance to a given object. Such detectors can be used as occupancy detectors, and they are also useful in motion- and gesture-driven interfaces. Designers of sensing-based interactive systems would probably most like a low-power, wireless, inexpensive three-dimensional position sensor that does not rely on the installation of complicated infrastructure.
NOISE AND OSCILLATIONS IN BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS: MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH BETWEEN EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY, THEORETICAL MODELLING AND SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY (2012)

Rapid progress of experimental biology has provided a huge flow of quantitative data, which can be analyzed and understood only through the application of advanced techniques recently developed in theoretical sciences. On the other hand, synthetic biology enabled us to engineer biological models with reduced complexity. In this review we discuss that a multidisciplinary approach between this sciences can lead to deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms behind complex processes in biology. Following the mini symposia "Noise and oscillations in biological systems" on Physcon 2011 we have collected different research examples from theoretical modeling, experimental and synthetic biology.
Callophycoic Acids and Callophycols from the Fijian Red Alga <i>Callophycus serratus</i> (2007)

Callophycoic acids A-H (1-8) and callophycols A and B (9 and 10) were isolated from extracts of the Fijian red alga Callophycus serratus, and identified by NMR, X-ray, and mass spectral analyses. These natural products represent four novel carbon skeletons, providing the first examples of diterpene-benzoic acids and diterpene-phenols in macroalgae. Compounds 1-10 exhibited antibacterial, antimalarial, and anticancer activity, although they are less bioactive than diterpene-benzoate macrolides previously isolated from this red alga.
Small angle neutron scattering analysis of novel carbons for lithium secondary batteries. (1998)

Small angle neutron scattering analyses of carbonaceous materials used as anodes in lithium ion cells have been performed. The carbons have been synthesized using pillared clays (PILCs) as inorganic templates. Pillared clays are layered silicates whose sheets have been permanently propped open by sets of thermally stable molecular props. The calcined PILC was loaded with five different organic precursors and heated at 700 C under nitrogen. When the inorganic pillars were removed by acid treatment, carbon sheets are produced with holes. The fitting of the data in the high q region suggested that the carbon sheets have voids with radii ranging from 4 to 8 {angstrom}. Similar radii were obtained for the PILC and PILC/organic precursor, which suggests that the carbon was well distributed in the clay prior to pyrolysis.
Materials and Process Development for ZnMgO/ZnO Light-Emitting Diodes (2008)

We report on the fabrication of UV LEDs based on a p-n junction p-ZnMgO/n-ZnO/n-ZnMgO double heterostructure. Pulsed-laser deposition was used to grow the complete heterostructure on <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</i> -plane sapphire templates. The LEDs were patterned by simple wet etching. Band-edge electroluminescence emission most likely associated with ZnO excitonic transitions was observed at room temperature. However, the devices show sensitivity to the presence of hydrogen in the measurement ambient due to formation of a surface conduction layer. The results show the potential of ZnO-based materials for UV emitters of potentially lower cost and with comparable or higher emission intensity than AlGaN/GaN devices provided adequate surface passivation techniques are developed.
New Routes to Polyamine Analogues (1994)

Conference Article| November 01 1994 New Routes to Polyamine Analogues BERNARD T. GOLDING; BERNARD T. GOLDING 1Department of Chemistry, Bedson Building, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar ROGER J. GRIFFIN; ROGER J. GRIFFIN 1Department of Chemistry, Bedson Building, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar ANDREW MITCHINSON; ANDREW MITCHINSON 1Department of Chemistry, Bedson Building, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar MARY C. O'SULLIVAN MARY C. O'SULLIVAN 1Department of Chemistry, Bedson Building, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1994) 22 (4): 391S. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst022391s Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation BERNARD T. GOLDING, ROGER J. GRIFFIN, ANDREW MITCHINSON, MARY C. O'SULLIVAN; New Routes to Polyamine Analogues. Biochem Soc Trans 1 November 1994; 22 (4): 391S. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst022391s Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1994 Biochemical Society1994 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.