gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Acetylation of Ribosomal Proteins (1973)

Abstract Rat liver ribosomes have been acetylated both in vivo and in vitro. The in vivo acetylation of ribosomes occurred within 5 min of the administration of [3H]acetate, and 70 to 80% of the incorporated radioactivity remained in the ribosomal proteins after removal of RNA with urea-LiCl. Following treatment of the acetylated ribosomal proteins with ethanol-ether, RNase, and 0.5 m KCl, to remove possible contamination by lipids, nucleotides, and cytoplasmic proteins, respectively, the radioactivity still remained in the ribosomal proteins. However, hydrolysis of the acetylated ribosomal proteins with 6 n HCl at 110° for 18 hours released 50% of the radioactivity. These results are regarded as evidence that labile acetyl groups were incorporated into the ribosomal proteins. By using exclusion chromatography and ion exchange chromatography, two major radioactive acetyl groups were identified as N-α-acetyllysine and N-ξ-acetyllysine. Analysis of ribosomal proteins by 10% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis also showed that 3H-acetyl groups were present in these proteins. Giving puromycin to the animals decreased acetylation of the ribosomal proteins. In vitro experiments showed that the acetylation of liver ribosomes could be accomplished by using cell sap or a partially purified acetyltransferase. This acetylation was not inhibited by the presence of puromycin. Acetylation of ribosomal proteins was shown also in heart, kidney, and thymus.
Real-Time Generation of Humanoid Motion with the Motion-Embedded COG Jacobian (2005)

For a legged robot such as a humanoid, balancing its body during a given motion is natural but the most important problem. Recently, a motion given to a humanoid is more and more complicated, and thus the balancing problem becomes much more critical. This paper suggests a real-time motion generation algorithm that guarantees a humanoid to be balanced during the motion. A desired motion of each arm and/or leg is planned by the conventional motion planning method without considering the balancing problem. In order to balance a humanoid, all the given motions are embedded into the COG Jacobian. The COG Jacobian is modifled to include the desired motions and, in consequence, dimension of the COG Jacobian is drastically reduced. With the motion-embedded COG Jacobian, balancing and performing a task is completed simultaneously, without changing any other parameters related to the control or planning. Validity and e-ciency of the proposed motion-embedded COG Jacobian is simulated in the paper.
Tunable quantum dots in bilayer graphene (2007)

We demonstrate theoretically that quantum dots in bilayers of graphene can be realized. A position-dependent doping breaks the equivalence between the upper and lower layer and lifts the degeneracy of the positive and negative momentum states of the dot. Numerical results show the simultaneous presence of electron and hole confined states for certain doping profiles and a remarkable angular momentum dependence of the quantum dot spectrum which is in sharp contrast with that for conventional semiconductor quantum dots. We predict that the optical spectrum will consist of a series of non-equidistant peaks.
Sensors Microprocessing by Laser Direct Patterning (LDP) for Industrial Production (2006)

The newly developed mask projection process, called laser direct patterning (LDP) is a process for the high volume production with conductive and reflecting sensors. Due to its simple process mechanism it combines precision and economic efficiency. Depending of material, sensors and sensor elements of thin metal films with lines and spaces 15 m are producible. The paper present the principle of laser ablation of thin metal on polymer substrate, also represented the systems engineering and described the selected applications of this technology for industrial manufacturing
A Large-Swing Transformer-Boosted Serial Link Transmitter With $>{\rm V}_{\rm DD}$ Swing (2007)

The design and analysis of a large-swing transformer-boosted serial link transmitter is described. Transformer boosting is used to produce a signal swing that is not constrained by the supply voltage and enables a true pre-emphasis transmitter with a differential output swing greater than the supply. The boosted signal is separated from the driver through series inductors and therefore does not stress the transistor voltage tolerance. Several design tradeoffs between the amounts of boosting, power, and output matching are examined in both analysis and simulation. Distributed boosting is employed to relax the tradeoff between the amount of boosting and output matching degradation. Implemented in a 0.13-mum CMOS technology, the prototype chip produces an 8-Gb/s PRBS 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">31</sup> -1 data pattern and achieves a 1.42 V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">pp</sub> differential output swing while drawing 137 mA current from a 1.2-V supply. The measured output reflection coefficient is better than -10dB up to 4 GHz
Blood pressure lowering efficacy of angiotensin receptor blockers for primary hypertension (2008)

The evidence from this review suggests that there are no clinically meaningful BP lowering differences between available ARBs. The BP lowering effect of ARBs is modest and similar to ACE inhibitors as a class; the magnitude of average trough BP lowering for ARBs at maximum recommended doses and above is -8/-5 mmHg. Furthermore, 60 to 70% of this trough BP lowering effect occurs with recommended starting doses. The review did not provide a good estimate of the incidence of harms associated with ARBs because of the short duration of the trials and the lack of reporting of adverse effects in many of the trials.
Underwater Welding in the Deep Sea. (1978)

Underwater welding methods presently in use or under development are reviewed in order to determine which methods have possible application to deep sea use (depths greater than 1000 feet). Studies on one of the new methods under development (flux-shielded method) were carried out with the use of a hyperbaric chamber. A series of flux-shielded bead-on-plate welds were performed underwater up to simulated water depths of 680 feet. The quality of the welds was evaluated by examination of the macrostructure, microstructure and microhardness of the weld joint. The welds performed indicated the flux-shielded method may be suitable for underwater welding in the deep sea.
Reversible photochemical dimerization of acenaphthylene. I. Reaction in liquid solutions (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReversible photochemical dimerization of acenaphthylene. I. Reaction in liquid solutionsRobert Livingston and Kei Sin WeiCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1967, 71, 3, 541–547Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100862a012https://doi.org/10.1021/j100862a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views281Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Synthesis of three fully acetylated aldobiouronic acid methyl esters, including 6-O-(methyl 2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-.alpha.-D-glycopyranosyluronate)tetra-O-acetyl-.beta.-D-glycopyranose (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of three fully acetylated aldobiouronic acid methyl esters, including 6-O-(methyl 2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-.alpha.-D-glycopyranosyluronate)tetra-O-acetyl-.beta.-D-glycopyranoseNirmolendu Roy and Cornelis P. J. GlaudemansCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1968, 33, 4, 1559–1562Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1968https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01268a055RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views59Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (621 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Content-aware Internet application traffic measurement and analysis (2004)

As the Internet is quickly evolving from best-effort networks to business quality networks, billing based on the precise traffic measurement becomes an important issue for Internet service providers (ISP). Billing settlement is necessary not only between ISP and customers but also between ISP. Currently, most ISP use a flat rate charging policy. Besides the degree of difficulty in deriving appropriate charging policies agreeable by a concerned party, there are substantial technical challenges to come up with a good usage-based accounting system. Usage-based accounting depending on IP packet header information only is not sufficient any more due to the highly dynamic nature of the development and the use of the Internet applications such as peer-to-peer and network games. They use port numbers dynamically and even several applications can use the same port number. Thus, more precise means of classifying them and accounting for their traffic usage are required. In this paper, we propose a high performance, adaptable, configurable, and scalable content-aware application traffic measurement and analysis system which can achieve very accurate usage-based accounting.
Penicillin-Binding Protein-Related Factor A Is Required for Proper Chromosome Segregation in <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (2000)

Previous work has shown that the ponA gene, encoding penicillin-binding protein 1 (PBP1), is in a two-gene operon with prfA (PBP-related factor A) (also called recU), which encodes a putative 206-residue basic protein (pI = 10.1) with no significant sequence homology to proteins with known functions. Inactivation of prfA results in cells that grow slower and vary significantly in length relative to wild-type cells. We now show that prfA mutant cells have a defect in chromosome segregation resulting in the production of approximately 0.9 to 3% anucleate cells in prfA cultures grown at 30 or 37 degrees C in rich medium and that the lack of PrfA exacerbates the chromosome segregation defect in smc and spoOJ mutant cells. In addition, overexpression of prfA was found to be toxic for and cause nucleoid condensation in Escherichia coli.
An Information Theory Analysis of Visual Complexity and Dissimilarity (2006)

The subjective complexity of a computer-generated bitmap image can be measured by magnitude estimation scaling, and its objective complexity can be measured by its compressed file size. There is a high correlation between these measures of subjective and objective complexity over a large set of marine electronic chart and radar images. The subjective dissimilarity of a pair of bitmap images can be predicted from subjective and objective measures of the complexity of each image, and from the subjective and objective complexity of the image produced by overlaying the two simple images. In addition, the subjective complexity of the image produced by overlaying two simple images can be predicted from the subjective complexity of the simple images and the subjective dissimilarity of the image pair. The results of the experiments that generated these complexity and dissimilarity judgments are consistent with a theory, outlined here, that treats objective and subjective measures of image complexity and dissimilarity as vectors in Euclidean space.
Cellular infiltrates in scleroderma skin (1977)

The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency, distribution, and nature of cellular infiltrates in 108 skin biopsies from patients with systemic scleroderma (SS) and localized scleroderma (LS). Cellular infiltrates, perivascular or diffuse, were noted in 49% of SS and 84% of LS patients and consisted of lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages. No correlation was noted between the presence or severity of skin cellular infiltrates and serum serologic abnormalities.
Design of fixed-point iterative decoders for concatenated codes with interleavers (2001)

We discuss the effects of quantization on the performance of the iterative decoding algorithm of concatenated codes with interleavers. Quantization refers here to the log-likelihood ratios coming from the soft demodulator and to the extrinsic information passed from one stage of the decoder to the next. We discuss the cases of a single soft-input soft-output (SISO) module, in its additive log-likelihood version (L-SISO), performing sequentially all iterations (an implementation solution coping with medium-low data rate as compared with the hardware clock), and that of a pipelined structure in which a dedicated hardware is in charge of each SISO operation (an implementation suitable for high data rates). We give design rules in both cases, and show that a suitable rescaling of the extrinsic information yields almost ideal performance with the same number of bits (five) representing both log-likelihood ratios and extrinsic information at any decoder stage.
Phase error compensation for three-dimensional shape measurement with projector defocusing (2011)

This paper analyzes the phase error for a three-dimensional (3D) shape measurement system that utilizes our recently proposed projector defocusing technique. This technique generates seemingly sinusoidal structured patterns by defocusing binary structured patterns and then uses these patterns to perform 3D shape measurement by fringe analysis. However, significant errors may still exist if an object is within a certain depth range, where the defocused fringe patterns retain binary structure. In this research, we experimentally studied a large depth range of defocused fringe patterns, from near-binary to near-sinusoidal, and analyzed the associated phase errors. We established a mathematical phase error function in terms of the wrapped phase and the depth z. Finally, we calibrated and used the mathematical function to compensate for the phase error at arbitrary depth ranges within the calibration volume. Experimental results will be presented to demonstrate the success of this proposed technique.
An isolation technology for joined tungsten MEMS (2002)

An isolation technology utilizing a selective chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of tungsten to fabricate released, joined and isolated microelectromechanical structures (MEMS) is presented. The isolation scheme features released tungsten structures that are both mechanically joined and electrically isolated by silicon nitride and offers extra design freedom for micromachining. The technology is used to fabricate an isolated-tungsten, serial-parallel (SP), linear electrostatic, capacitive actuator. The actuator is composed of a series of released silicon nitride hinges. Experiments demonstrate that a controlled large lateral displacement range (e.g., greater than 10 mu m) is achieved at modest voltages. Stable stepping motion is a major characteristic of the SP actuator. The fabrication and the operation of this linear actuator are reported.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Correlated structural distributions in silica glass (2004)

The two-dimensional $^{17}\mathrm{O}$ dynamic-angle spinning solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of silica glass produced from the melt was measured. From this spectrum a three-dimensional histogram correlating $^{17}\mathrm{O}$ chemical shift, quadrupolar coupling constant, and quadrupolar coupling asymmetry parameter for the bridging oxygen was obtained. Using existing correlations between NMR parameters and local structure, the distribution in quadrupolar coupling parameters was mapped into two-dimensional histograms correlating the $\mathrm{Si}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{O}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Si}$ angle with $\mathrm{Si}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{O}$ distance, the $\mathrm{Si}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{O}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Si}$ angle with $\mathrm{Si}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Si}$ distance, and the $\mathrm{Si}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{O}$ distance with $\mathrm{Si}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Si}$ distance. While the peak values for the $\mathrm{Si}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{O}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Si}$ angle, the $\mathrm{Si}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{O}$ distance, and $\mathrm{Si}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Si}$ distance distributions, at $147\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$, $1.59\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{\AA{}}$, and $3.05\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{\AA{}}$, respectively, are consistent within the precision of the NMR measurement with previous diffraction studies, the distribution widths are narrower than previous diffraction studies. The two-dimensional histogram reveals an unexpected strong positive correlation between the $\mathrm{Si}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{O}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Si}$ angle and $\mathrm{Si}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{O}$ distance in the glass, running opposite to the trend generally found in crystalline silica polymorphs.
Specificity of IgM Antibodies in Acute Human Coxsackievirus B Infections, Analysed by Indirect Solid Phase Enzyme Immunoassay and Immunoblot Technique (1983)

The specificity of the IgM response in acute human coxsackievirus B infections was examined by indirect solid phase enzyme immunoassay and immunoblot techniques. IgM antibodies detected by ELISA were either strictly type-specific, type-predominant or group-reactive to coxsackieviruses B-1 to B-5. Homotypic and type-dominant responses were clearly correlated with the serotype isolated from the patient. Analysis of ELISA antigens by SDS-gel electrophoresis, protein transfer and subsequent immunodetection of individual virus polypeptides, revealed VP1 as the major antigen; it was detected by homotypic as well as heterotypic serum specimens.
Does the subepicardial mesenchyme contribute myocardioblasts to the myocardium of the chick embryo heart? A quail-chick chimera study tracing the fate of the epicardial primordium (1999)

Morris (J. Anat., 1976;121:47–64) proposed that the subepicardial mesenchyme might represent a continuing source of myocardioblasts during embryonic and fetal development. Recent studies have shown that the epicardium and subepicardial mesenchyme, and the coronary vasculature are all derived from a region of the pericardial wall, called the proepicardial serosa. In avian embryos, the cells from the proepicardial serosa colonize the heart via a secondary tissue bridge formed by attachment of proepicardial villi to the heart. In the present study, Morris's hypothesis was tested by tracing the fate of the proepicardial serosa. This was achieved by constructing quail-chick chimeras. The proepicardial serosa was transplanted from HH16/17 quail embryos to HH16/17 chick embryos (ED3). A new transplantation technique facilitated an orthotopic attachment of the quail proepicardial villi to the chicken heart, and prevented the attachment of the chicken proepicardial villi to the heart. The fate of the grafted quail cells was traced in chimeras from ED4 to ED18 with immunohistochemistry, using quail-specific antibodies (QCPN, QH-1). From ED4 onward, the transplant was connected to the dorsal heart wall via its proepicardial villi. Starting from the point of attachment of the quail proepicardial villi to the heart, the originally naked myocardium became almost completely covered by quail-derived epicardium, and quail mesenchymal cells populated the subepicardial, myocardial, and subendocardial layers including the av-endocardial cushions. Quail cells formed the endothelial and smooth muscles cells of the coronary vessels, and the perivascular and intramyocardial fibroblasts. Quail myocardial cells were never found in the subepicardial, myocardial, and subendocardial layers. This suggests that the subepicardial mesenchyme normally does not contribute a substantial number of myocardioblasts to the developing avian heart. The new transplantation technique presented facilitates the production of chimeric hearts in which the derivatives of the proepicardial serosa are almost completely of donor origin. Thistechnique might be useful for future studies analyzing the role of certain genes in cardiac development by the creation of somatic transgenics. Anat Rec 255:212–226, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Skin-effect bars of squirrel-cage rotors (1954)

IN ORDER TO INCREASE the starting torque, larger induction motors are built usually with skin-effect bars in their rotor. Fig. 1 shows various types of skin-effect bars. Types A, B, and C, mostly type C, are used in induction motors; type D is used in synchronous motors. The analytical investigation of the increase of resistance and decrease of slot-leakage reactance of the skin-effect bars is possible under the following assumptions: (1) the vertical component of the slot flux is negligible; (2) the permeability of the iron is infinite; (3) the resistivity of the conductor is constant over the depth of the slot; and (4) the current density along any line parallel to the bottom of the slot is constant.
Mixture models (2012)

Machine learning methods extract value from vast data sets quickly and with modest resources. They are established tools in a wide range of industrial applications, including search engines, DNA sequencing, stock market analysis, and robot locomotion, and their use is spreading rapidly. People who know the methods have their choice of rewarding jobs. This hands-on text opens these opportunities to computer science students with modest mathematical backgrounds. It is designed for final-year undergraduates and master's students with limited background in linear algebra and calculus. Comprehensive and coherent, it develops everything from basic reasoning to advanced techniques within the framework of graphical models. Students learn more than a menu of techniques, they develop analytical and problem-solving skills that equip them for the real world. Numerous examples and exercises, both computer based and theoretical, are included in every chapter. Resources for students and instructors, including a MATLAB toolbox, are available online.