gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cation-controlled photophysics in a rhenium(I) fluoroionophore (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCation-controlled photophysics in a rhenium(I) fluoroionophoreD. Brent MacQueen and Kirk S. SchanzeCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 16, 6108–6110Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00016a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00016a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views363Altmetric-Citations71LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Measurement of the Ultrasonic Absorption Coefficient by a Modified Radiation Pressure Method (1952)

A technique reported by Barone and Nuovo has been adapted to the measurement of ultrasonic absorption in liquids. The output of an rf transmitter is 100 percent modulated at an audiofrequency and applied to a crystal. This results in a periodic variation of the radiation pressure in the acoustic beam. A condenser microphone has been constructed, employing a front face consisting of a thin sheet of plastic, coated with silver paint. The microphone responds to the audiofrequency variation radiation pressure, and its output is preamplified and then detected on a harmonic analyzer. The apparatus has been tested in water in the frequency range 9 to 30 mc, and the measured values of the absorption coefficient agree with the accepted values within a few percent. Measurements of the absorption coefficient have been carried out in a number of uni-univalent electrolytic solutions.
All-fibre sensing loop using pulse-modulated light-emitting diode (1985)

A sensing system is presented which includes a pulse-modulated light-emitting diode (LED) and an all-fibre-optic loop generating a reference signal in the time domain. The basic principle of operation and parameters are introduced, and some properties of such a system are experimentally examined using a microbend sensor.
Quasiparticle surface band structure and photoelectric threshold of Ge(111)-2×1 (1991)

The surface-state energies of the Ge(111)-2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1 surface are calculated using a quasiparticle self-energy approach. The surface structural parameters are determined through a local-density-functional total-energy minimization resulting in a buckled \ensuremath{\pi}-bonded-chain geometry. The quasiparticle energies are computed using a first-order expansion of the electron self-energy operator in the screened Coulomb interaction with a model static dielectric matrix. Our calculated surface-state band gaps and dispersions of both the occupied and unoccupied surface states agree well with experiments. Further, the photoelectric threshold \ensuremath{\varphi} is found to be 4.73 eV, compared to 4.74--4.80 eV obtained experimentally.
In vivo nano-sampling and capillary liquid chromatography: mass spectrometry analysis of neurotransmitters in the monkey brain (2004)

The extracellular compartment of the brain is a complex, dynamic microenvironment containing nutrients, metabolites, and molecules related to neural signaling. Understanding of brain function requires direct monitoring of neural activity, commonly done by means of intracortical microelectrode recordings. The existing extracellular recording techniques provide us with rich information regarding single or multiple neuron activity as well as some information about subthreshold processes, but fail to reveal the role of inhibition in the anatomically demonstrated microcircuits. One possible solution to this is simultaneous extracellular field potential and neurotransmitter recordings. In this study, an in vivo nanosampling technique was developed, with significantly higher spatial resolution than that afforded through microdialysis. The technique capitalizes on its ability to directly withdraw large quantities (several hundreds of nL) of extracellular fluids (ECF) from the monkey brain at a rate of 1-50 nL min-1. The fluids were stored along a 4 m long, 20 µm I.D., 90 µm O.D. fused silica capillary loop. The obtained intact ECF sample was then distributed into a series of micro-vials according the time interval specified by the systems temporal resolution. The contents of multiple neurotransmitters and signaling molecules in each distributed ECF sample, including glutamate, GABA, acetylcholine, and asparagine, were determined simultaneously by capillary HPLC-MS. Hydrophilic interaction chromatography was employed to separate the highly polar and ionic compounds directly for mass spectrometer detection.
Destruction of XM-46 (aka LGP-1846) using the Molten Salt Destruction Process (1994)

The experimental work done on the destruction of the liquid gun propellant XM-46 (or LGP-1846) using the Molten Salt Destruction (MSD) Process at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) for the US Army is described in this report. The current methods of disposal of large quantities of high explosives (HE), propellants and wastes containing energetic materials by open burning or open detonation (OB/OD), or by incineration, are becoming undesirable. LLNL is developing MSD as an alternative to OB/OD and incineration of energetic materials. A series of 18 continuous experimental runs were made wherein a solution of XM-46 and water was injected into a bed of molten salt comprising the carbonates of sodium, potassium and lithium, along with air. The results from these experiments, described in detail in the main body of this report, show that: XM-46 can be safely and completely destroyed in a bed of molten salt at temperatures well below those needed for incineration. Under optimum operating conditions, less than 1% of the chemically bound nitrogen in the XM-46 is converted to NO{sub x}, and less than 1% carbon is converted to CO. There exist, however, a number of technical uncertainties: We need to understand better why nitrates build up in the salt bath, and what we can do to reduce this amount. We need to understand the mechanism of XM-46 oxidation and ways to minimize the formation of CO and NO{sub x}. In addition, we would like to find out ways by which a more concentrated solution of XM-46 can be introduced into the reactor, so as to increase the throughputs.
Mapping Nucleosome Locations on the 208-12 by AFM Provides Clear Evidence for Cooperativity in Array Occupation (2002)

Concatameric sea urchin 5S rDNA templates reconstituted with histones provide very popular chromatin models for many kinds of in vitro studies. We have used AFM to characterize the locational aspects of nucleosome occupation on one such array, the 208-12, by determining the internucleosomal- and end-distance distributions for arrays reconstituted to various subsaturating levels with nonacetylated or hyperacetylated HeLa histones. A simulation analysis of the experimental distributions confirms the qualitative conclusions and provides quantitative parameter values for the identified features. For nonacetylated arrays, the end-distance data demonstrate the nucleosome positioning ability of the 5S sequence and detect an enhanced preference for nucleosomes to bind at DNA termini. The internucleosomal-distance data provide clear evidence for cooperativity in nucleosome location on these templates, detectable even at subsaturated loading levels. Hyperacetylated arrays show no change in the preference of nucleosomes to bind at termini and a slight change in nucleosome positioning behavior but, most strikingly, little or no evidence for cooperativity in nucleosome location. Thus, acetylation of the N-terminal histone tails abolishes the cooperativity.
Haploinsufficiency networks identify targetable patterns of allelic deficiency in low mutation ovarian cancer (2017)

Identification of specific oncogenic gene changes has enabled the modern generation of targeted cancer therapeutics. In high-grade serous ovarian cancer (OV), the bulk of genetic changes is not somatic point mutations, but rather somatic copy-number alterations (SCNAs). The impact of SCNAs on tumour biology remains poorly understood. Here we build haploinsufficiency network analyses to identify which SCNA patterns are most disruptive in OV. Of all KEGG pathways (N=187), autophagy is the most significantly disrupted by coincident gene deletions. Compared with 20 other cancer types, OV is most severely disrupted in autophagy and in compensatory proteostasis pathways. Network analysis prioritizes MAP1LC3B (LC3) and BECN1 as most impactful. Knockdown of LC3 and BECN1 expression confers sensitivity to cells undergoing autophagic stress independent of platinum resistance status. The results support the use of pathway network tools to evaluate how the copy-number landscape of a tumour may guide therapy.
<title>Evaluation Of Flying Spot Scanners As Image Processing Devices</title> (1969)

There has been in recent years a renewed interest in flying spot scanners in relation with encoding and processing two dimensional pictorial information. Flying spot scanners have been used in pattern recognition to detect special information, in conjunction with digital computing equipment to digitize two dimensional information, in radiology to get improved X-ray displays, in flight simulation to generate and display a visual scene in pilot training programs, etc.
Activation mechanism of rod outer segment cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase. Release of inhibitor by the GTP/GTP-binding protein. (1983)

The physiological regulation of light-activated cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase (EC 3.1.4.17) in rod outer segments has been shown to depend upon a heat-stable inhibitor and upon the reversal of its effect by a specific GTP/GTP-binding protein complex (Hurley, J. B. (1980) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 92, 505-510; Yamazaki, A., Bartucca, F., Ting, A., and Bitensky, M. W. (1982) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 79, 3702-3706). Washing of illuminated disc membranes with an isotonic buffer released 86% of the peripheral proteins without any release of inhibitor. Subsequent washing with the same isotonic buffer containing GTP released 80% of the inhibitor. When inhibitor was eluted with guanosine-5'-(beta, gamma-imino)triphosphate, it had an apparent molecular weight of 60,000 on Sephadex G-100. The release of inhibitor by guanosine-5'-(beta, gamma-imino)triphosphate was also demonstrated with sucrose density gradient centrifugation. Inhibitor release from the disc membrane by GTP or its analogue was accompanied by the release of the GTP-binding protein and an increased phosphodiesterase activity in the membrane. However, following GTP hydrolysis, both inhibitor and GTP-binding protein returned to the membrane and phosphodiesterase activity in the membrane decreased proportionally. In contrast, incubation of disc membranes with guanosine-5'-(beta, gamma-imino)-triphosphate produced an increase of inhibitor activity in the supernatant and an increase of phosphodiesterase activity in the pellet which remained constant after the initial increase. These data clearly show that the activation of phosphodiesterase by the GTP/GTP-binding protein complex resulted from the release of inhibitor. Hydrolysis of GTP resulted in the reassociation of inhibitor with and concomitant inhibition of disc membrane phosphodiesterase.
Isomeric bismaleimides and polyaspartimides (1986)

Abstract A study was conducted of the effects of meta‐para isomerism on the synthesis and properties of aromatic bismaleimides and polyaspartimides. Three isomers, 3,3′‐, 3,4′‐, and 4,4′‐diaminodiphenylmethanes (methylenedianilines), were used to prepare three isomeric bismaleimides. The bismaleimides then were reacted with their respective isomeric diamines in m ‐cresol solution to give a series of isomeric polyaspartimides. The properties of each of the isomeric series were measured and compared. Strong flexible films were solvent cast from the two polyaspartimides derived from the 3,4′‐ and 4,4′‐diamines and their respective bismaleimides. Tensile properties of the films from the 3,4′‐diamine/3,4′‐bismaleimide combination polyaspartimide were equivalent to those from the 4,4′‐diamine‐derived polymer. That finding, together with that polymer's lower softening temperature and the nonmutagenic nature of the 3,4′‐diamine monomer, suggested a potential usefulness for 3,4′‐diaminodiphenylmethane as a replacement for 4,4′‐diaminodiphenylmethane in addition polyimides.
Opportunities to enlarge the application area of remote-cutting (2009)

Remote-Cutting is an alternative method to conventional laser cutting processes when working on thin sheets. Working without any cutting gas the inertia can be reduced significantly. Deflected by two mirrors the laser beam becomes more flexible in the working envelope of the scanner. Depending on the sheet thickness cutting speeds of about 100 m/min in contours are possible [1], [2], [3]. The target of this paper is to give some opportunities to enlarge the application area of remote-cutting. It will be shown how the maximum separable thickness can be increased. Furthermore, possibilities to widen the working area are shown. Investigations were done to determine the parameters, which have effect on the cutting quality. Obtained qualities and quantities are compared with those of conventional technologies. Moreover, investigations were done in order to determine the possibility to cut various materials. For example, the selective cutting of material compounds is described. This technology is also known as “Kiss-Cutting”. Using “Kiss-Cutting” improves the handling of thin metal foils and thus the productivity.
A Device to Crystallize Organic Solids: Structure of Ciprofloxacin, Midazolam, and Ofloxacin as Targets (2010)

The crystal structure determination of the anhydrous form of any organic compound has been a challenge because of solvent incorporation during crystallization. A device to grow anhydrous forms of low melting organic solids based on vaporization and condensation by a gradient cooling technique has been designed. Its utility has been evaluated by growing anhydrous forms of ciprofloxacin, midazolam, and ofloxacin. Ciprofloxacin crystallizes in triclinic P1̅, midazolam in monoclinic P21/n, and ofloxacin in the C2/c space group. Comparative studies on the conformational features with solvated structure show no significant variation in the aromatic moieties.
[Enzymatic activity in cerebrospinal fluid in the monitoring of the brain lesions following intracranial tumors]. (1998)

After intracranial tumour surgery edema, ischaemic and haemorrhagic changes are developing in the brain. It causes leakage of certain intracellular components and enzymes into extracellular and cerebrospinal fluid. This study includes 46 patients operated on for cerebral tumours. Lumbar CSF was obtained in postoperative course and the activity of AST, ALT, LDH, alpha HBDH, CK, gamma GT and oxygen concentration were estimated. In the control group were 10 patients suffering from sciatic pain and CSF was obtained during radiculography. For diagnostic and prognostic purposes of biochemical markers statistical analyse methods were employed and comparisons with clinical factors were carried out. In conclusions we suggest that enzymes AST, alpha HBDH, CK and oxygen content give valuable additional information of postoperative brain damage.
Decreased odontometric sex difference in individuals with dental agenesis (1973)

Abstract Partial Dental Agenesis has been shown related to decreased mesiodistal tooth size. The sexual difference in permanent tooth size of 104 normal individuals with congenital absence of one or more secondary teeth has been studied. Males are observed to have more mesiodistal size reduction than females. In only two of 14 tooth types examined was a statistical sex difference in mesiodistal size shown. It is of interest that each of these was in the canine field area. A sex difference was slightly more apparent when studying the buccolingual dimension; however, several difficulties were encountered in obtaining measurements in this diameter.
The influence of temperature and precipitation on spring dispersal of <i>Frankliniella fusca</i> changes as the season progresses (2010)

Abstract Effects of temperature and precipitation on spring dispersal patterns of Frankliniella fusca (Hinds) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) caught on yellow sticky traps were estimated in central and eastern North Carolina and eastern Virginia, USA, from 1997 to 2001, and in 2004 and 2007. Data were collected from 44 sites within 14 locations over 7 years, resulting in 30 location‐year data combinations. The following independent variables were examined to determine their relationship to the number of F. fusca caught on sticky traps during specified time intervals: cumulative degree days (base 10.5 °C) from 1 November to the start of each trapping interval (DD), number of days with temperatures favorable for flight during each trapping interval (DTFF), and an index of rainfall during specific intervals prior to and during the trapping interval (RI). Regression models that contained various combinations of these variables explained 62, 79, 74, and 68% of the variation in the number of dispersing F. fusca captured during 1–15 April, 16–30 April, 1–15 May, and 16–31 May, respectively. The results provide strong evidence that the suppressive effects of precipitation on growth of local populations developing during late winter and early spring are subsequently manifest at the landscape scale as reductions in the populations of dispersing adults that may persist for as long as 5–6 weeks after the precipitation occurs.
The gini index, the dual decomposition of aggregation functions, and the consistent measurement of inequality (2011)

In several economic fields, such as those related to health, education, or poverty, the individuals' characteristics are measured by bounded variables. Accordingly, these characteristics may be indistinctly represented by achievements or shortfalls. A difficulty arises when inequality needs to be assessed. One may focus either on achievements or on shortfalls, but the respective inequality rankings may lead to contradictory results. Specifically, this paper concentrates on the poverty measure proposed by Sen. According to this measure, inequality among the poor is captured by the Gini index. However, the rankings obtained by the Gini index applied to either the achievements or the shortfalls do not coincide in general. To overcome this drawback, we show that an ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operator is underlying in the definition of the Sen measure. The dual decomposition of the OWA operators into a self-dual core and anti–self-dual remainder allows us to propose an inequality component which measures consistently the achievement and shortfall inequality among the poor. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An Integrated Chemical Reaction Engineering Lab Experiment (2004)

An integrated laboratory experiment is presented to better illustrate concepts taught in chemical reaction engineering (CRE) undergraduate courses. In the first lab session, students determine the rate constant of the second-order reaction between ethyl acetate and sodium hydroxide at different temperatures. A second experiment makes use of two tracer experiments to characterize the flow pattern in a packed bed tubular reactor. A final lab session is reserved for determination of the reaction conversion in the same continuous-flow reactor. The theoretical conversion can be computed based on different approaches. One of them, the segregation model, requires that students integrate previous concepts, namely the RTD function and the rate constant. The use of transparent acrylic reactors and the addition of color to all the experiments, through the use of a suitable acid-base indicator, allow students to more easily visualize and understand the concepts involved, particularly the notion of axial dispersion. This is especially true for the flow-pattern characterization experiments, which seem to be more interesting and novel for students.  Photographs of these colored experiments are available on a web site at .
Operational methods and Lorentz-type equations of motion (2010)

We propose an operational method for the solution of differential equations involving vector products. The technique we propose is based on the use of the evolution operator, defined in such a way that the wealth of techniques developed within the context of quantum mechanics can also be exploited for classical problems. We discuss the application of the method to the solution of the Lorentz-type equations.
The Absorption of Radioiron Labeled Foods and Iron Salts in Normal and Iron-Deficient Subjects and in Idiopathic Hemochromatosis (1957)

It is generally accepted that, in the absence of bleeding or pregnancy, approximately 1 mg. of iron is lost per day from the body (1-11). As a corollary, the quantity of iron in the body is largely determined by the amount of iron absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Fundamental knowl- edge of iron absorption has been obtained by bal- ance studies
7-Ketocholesterol enhances the expression of adhesion molecules on human aortic endothelial cells by increasing the production of reactive oxygen species (2004)

The aim of the present study was to assess the expression of intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), monocytic adhesion of human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs), and the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), when HAECs were stimulated by 7-ketocholesterol. 7-ketocholesterol enhances surface expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 as determined by EIA, induces their mRNA expression by RT-PCR, and stimulates adhesiveness of HAECs to U937 monocytic cells. We confirmed up-regulation of ROS production of HAECs treated with 7-ketocholesterol. Although the surface expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 on HAECs treated with 7-ketocholesterol increased in a time-dependent manner, alpha-tocopherol inhibited this increase of the surface expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. In the monocytic adhesion assay, adhesion of U937 to HAECs treated with 7-ketocholesterol was enhanced, but monoclonal anti-ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 antibodies reduced the endothelial adhesiveness. In conclusion, this study suggests that the endothelial adhesiveness to monocytic cells that was increased by 7-ketocholesterol was associated with enhanced expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 mediated by ROS production.
Aluminum Deoxidation Equilibrium of Molten Iron–Aluminum Alloy with Wide Aluminum Composition Range at 1 873 K (2009)

Al–O equilibria in molten Fe–Al alloys were experimentally investigated. Molten steel with varying Al content (0.01–10 mass%) was equilibrated with a pure Al2O3(s) crucible at 1873 K in an Ar atmosphere with 3 vol% H2. The oxygen content of steel with Al content higher than 1.0 mass% was found to be much lower than that found in previous works, while the oxygen content for Al content less than 1 mass% was found to be slightly higher, resulting in a smaller equilibrium constant. The interaction parameters as well as the equilibrium constant of the Al–O equilibria in molten steel at 1873 K were reevaluated in the present study. The equilibrium for the Al deoxidation of molten steel was well represented up to 10.0 mass% Al using the reevaluated parameters.