gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Differential regulation of class IA phosphoinositide 3-kinase catalytic subunits p110α and β by protease-activated receptor 2 and β-arrestins (2007)

PAR-2 (protease-activated receptor 2) is a GPCR (G-protein-coupled receptor) that can elicit both G-protein-dependent and -independent signals. We have shown previously that PAR-2 simultaneously promotes Galphaq/Ca2+-dependent activation and beta-arrestin-1-dependent inhibition of class IA PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase), and we sought to characterize further the role of beta-arrestins in the regulation of PI3K activity. Whereas the ability of beta-arrestin-1 to inhibit p110alpha (PI3K catalytic subunit alpha) has been demonstrated, the role of beta-arrestin-2 in PI3K regulation and possible differences in the regulation of the two catalytic subunits (p110alpha and p110beta) associated with p85alpha (PI3K regulatory subunit) have not been examined. In the present study we have demonstrated that: (i) PAR-2 increases p110alpha- and p110beta-associated lipid kinase activities, and both p110alpha and p110beta are inhibited by over-expression of either beta-arrestin-1 or -2; (ii) both beta-arrestin-1 and -2 directly inhibit the p110alpha catalytic subunit in vitro, whereas only beta-arrestin-2 directly inhibited p110beta; (iii) examination of upstream pathways revealed that PAR-2-induced PI3K activity required the small GTPase Cdc (cell-division cycle)42, but not tyrosine phosphorylation of p85; and (iv) beta-arrestins inhibit PAR-2-induced Cdc42 activation. Taken together, these results indicated that beta-arrestins could inhibit PAR-2-stimulated PI3K activity, both directly and through interference with upstream pathways, and that the two beta-arrestins differ in their ability to inhibit the p110alpha and p110beta catalytic subunits. These results are particularly important in light of the growing interest in PAR-2 as a pharmacological target, as commonly used biochemical assays that monitor G-protein coupling would not screen for beta-arrestin-dependent signalling events.
Surgical wound healing using hemostatic gauze scaffold loaded with nanoparticles containing sustained-release granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (2011)

Our results suggest that this formulation has both hemostatic properties and increased neutrophil activity.
Prognostic role of B7-H4 in patients with non-small cell lung cancer: A meta-analysis (2017)

B7 homolog 4 (B7-H4) has been recently reported to be a prognostic marker in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in some studies. However, the results remained conflicting. Thus, we aimed to comprehensively assess the association between B7-H4 expression and prognosis of NSCLC patients by performing a meta-analysis. Relevant publications were thoroughly searched of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were applied to evaluate the effects. A total of 9 studies comprising 1444 patients were included in this meta-analysis. B7-H4 overexpression was associated with presence of lymph node metastasis (OR=3.59, 95%CI=2.39-5.38, p<0.001; fixed effect), advanced TNM stage (OR=2.36, 95%CI=1.2-4.67, p=0.013; random effect), and poor differentiation (OR=2.11, 95%CI=1.12-3.99, p=0.021; fixed effect). However, B7-H4 had no significant correlation with gender, age or histology in NSCLC. Furthermore, in a fixed effects model, the results indicated that B7-H4 overexpression was significantly associated with poor OS (HR=2.03, 95%CI=1.41-2.92, p<0.001). This meta-analysis demonstrated that high B7-H4 expression is an unfavorable prognostic factor in NSCLC. Because few studies were included for meta-analysis and almost all included studies were performed on Chinese patients, therefore; large scale prospective studies are needed to verify our results.
Real time Google map and Arduino based vehicle tracking system (2016)

A vehicle tracking system is very useful for tracking the movement of a vehicle from any location at any time. In this work, real time Google map and Arduino based vehicle tracking system is implemented with Global Positioning System (GPS) and Global system for mobile communication (GSM) technology. GPS module provides geographic coordinates at regular time intervals. Then the GSM module transmits the location of vehicle to cell phone of owner/user in terms of latitude and longitude. At the same time, location is displayed on LCD. Finally, Google map displays the location and name of the place on cell phone. Thus, owner/user will be able to continuously monitor a moving vehicle using the cell phone. In order to show the feasibility and effectiveness of the system, this work presents experimental result of the vehicle tracking system. The proposed system is user friendly and ensures safety and surveillance at low maintenance cost.
Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network-Based QoS-Aware, Content-Aware and Device-Aware QoE Prediction Model: A Proposed Prediction Model for Medical Ultrasound Streaming Over Small Cell Networks (2019)

This paper presents a QoS-aware, content-aware and device-aware nonintrusive medical QoE (m-QoE) prediction model over small cell networks. The proposed prediction model utilises a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) neural network to predict m-QoE. It also acts as a platform to maintain and optimise the acceptable diagnostic quality through a device-aware adaptive video streaming mechanism. The proposed model is trained for an unseen dataset of input variables such as QoS, content features and display device characteristics, to produce an output value in the form of m-QoE (i.e. MOS). The efficiency of the proposed model is validated through subjective tests carried by medical experts. The prediction accuracy obtained via the correlation coefficient and Root Mean-Square-Error (RMSE) indicates that the proposed model succeeds in measuring m-QoE closer to the visual perception of the medical experts. Furthermore, we have addressed two main research questions: (1) How significant is ultrasound video content type in determining m-QoE? (2) How much of a role does the screen size and device resolution play in medical experts’ diagnostic experience? The former is answered through the content classification of ultrasound video sequences based on their spatiotemporal features, by including these features in the proposed prediction model, and validating their significance through medical experts’ subjective ratings. The latter is answered by conducting a novel subjective experiment of the ultrasound video sequences across multiple devices.
[Determination of optical purity of SR-bioallethrin enantiomers by chiral high performance liquid chromatography]. (2001)

A chiral stationary phase(CSP) was prepared by coating cellulose-tris (3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) onto aminopropylated spherical silica gel. On the CSP, the chiral separation of the bioallethrin enantiomers has been investigated and under the optimum conditions the optical purity of three samples of SR-bioallethrin enantiomers was determined by peak area. The results show that the method established is very ideal for determining the optical purity and evaluating the quality of the samples.
Building and Searching Tandem Mass Spectral Libraries for Peptide Identification (2011)

Spectral library searching is an emerging approach in peptide identifications from tandem mass spectra, a critical step in proteomic data analysis. Conceptually, the premise of this approach is that the tandem MS fragmentation pattern of a peptide under some fixed conditions is a reproducible fingerprint of that peptide, such that unknown spectra acquired under the same conditions can be identified by spectral matching. In actual practice, a spectral library is first meticulously compiled from a large collection of previously observed and identified tandem MS spectra, usually obtained from shotgun proteomics experiments of complex mixtures. Then, a query spectrum is then identified by spectral matching using recently developed spectral search engines. This review discusses the basic principles of the two pillars of this approach: spectral library construction, and spectral library searching. An overview of the software tools available for these two tasks, as well as a high-level description of the underlying algorithms, will be given. Finally, several new methods that utilize spectral libraries for peptide identification in ways other than straightforward spectral matching will also be described.
A Power-Saving Multi-Radio Multi-Channel MAC Protocol for Wireless Local Area Networks (2006)

Opportunistic spectrum access and adaptive power management are effective techniques to improve throughput, delay performance, and energy efficiency for wireless networks. In this paper, we consider the joint design of opportunistic spectrum access and adaptive power management under the setting of multi-radio nodes and multi-channel wireless local area networks (WLANs) under the distributed coordination function (DCF) mode. This design problem is particularly challenging due to the conflicting nature of the multi-radio capability of a node, i.e., multiple radios improve throughput and delay performance at the cost of increased energy consumption. To address this problem, we propose a power-saving multi-channel MAC protocol (PSM-MMAC), which is capable of reducing the collision probability and the waiting time in the ‘awake’ state of a node, resulting in improved throughput, delay performance, and energy efficiency. The key ideas of PSM-MMAC are the following: we first estimate the number of active links; given this estimation as well as queue lengths and channel conditions, we appropriately select channels, radios, and power states (i.e., awake or doze state); then we optimize the medium access probability in p-persistent CSMA used in the data exchange. Another contribution of this paper is an analytical model that characterizes the throughput performance. Simulation results validate the accuracy of our analytical model and show that our proposed protocol is able to significantly improve both throughput and energy efficiency.
Wetting properties of human hair by means of dynamic contact angle measurement (2006)

Abstract The interaction between human hair and water occurs continuously in atmospheric air, and even more so, during application of shampoo and conditioner. For this reason the wettability of hair, and how hair care products affect the wetting properties, is of interest to hair care science. In this study, the Wilhelmy balance method is used to measure dynamic contact angle of both conditioner‐treated hairs and those left untreated to study the interaction of hair with water. The method uses a microbalance to measure the force exerted on a single fiber when it is immersed into the wetting liquid of interest. This measured force is related to the wetting force of the liquid on the fiber, and the dynamic contact angle can be calculated. The contact angles of chemically damaged, mechanically damaged, virgin (undamaged) as well as conditioner‐treated hairs and those left untreated are measured and compared. These samples were measured dry, and then also allowed to soak in water before being measured to determine whether a wet environment affects the wetting properties of the hair surface. Additionally, wettability of hairs from subjects of different ethnicities are measured and compared. Further, the mechanisms driving a significant directionality dependence are studied and discussed. The results are also used to explain tribological properties found in previous studies. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102:5255–5265, 2006
Effect of iron doping on electrical, electronic and magnetic properties of La<sub>0.7</sub>Sr<sub>0.3</sub>MnO<sub>3</sub> (2009)

The effect of 5% Fe doping at Mn site, on the valence band structure of La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 has been investigated. Polycrystalline samples of La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 and La0.7Sr0.3Mn0.95Fe0.05O3 have been prepared by the solid-state reaction route. The phase purity of these samples was confirmed using x-ray diffraction. Core-level x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements were performed to study the changes in the chemical composition. The valence band spectroscopy measurements on these samples, using a synchrotron radiation source, show a considerable change in the density of states (DOSs) at the Fermi level with 5% Fe doping. The results are correlated with room temperature resistivity and magnetization data on these samples. These results suggest that though the DOSs at the Fermi level increase on Fe doping, the conduction in LSMO gets hampered. This may be a result of changes in the hybridization of the orbitals due to Fe doping which modifies the MnO6 octahedra and hence the Mn3+–O–Mn4+ network.
Do users with different domain knowledge select different sets of documents (2012)

In this paper, we report findings on an examination of the document selecting behaviors of people with different levels of domain knowledge (DK). We found that people with high and low DK levels generally select different sets of documents to view; those high in DK read more documents and gave higher relevance ratings for the documents they view than those low in DK. The reasons of the findings, as well as implications on systems design, are discussed.
[Interleukin 2 (IL-2) and its receptor (IL-2R) in healthy individuals and with various disease states]. (1993)

IL-2 is a cytokine that plays a central role in immune response. It stimulates cellular as well as humoral reactivity. The effect of IL-2 depends on the interaction with its receptor. Recent reports have documented that high affinity interleukin-2 receptors consist of two distinct IL-2 binding proteins, one being alpha chain (p55) and the other being IL-2 beta chain (p75). Expression of the alpha chain or the beta chain alone allows for low affinity or intermediate affinity IL-2 binding, respectively. Alpha receptor is present on activated cells, beta chain is present on resting cells. Decreased production of IL-2 and decreased expression of IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) after stimulation was found in primary and secondary immune deficiencies. Leukemic cells in adult T cell leukemia and hairy cell leukemia express markedly large numbers of IL-2 receptors. Since IL-2 receptors are present on malignant cells but not on normal resting cells, clinical trials have been initiated in which patients with adult T cell leukemia are treated with monoclonal antibody that binds to IL-2 receptor.
Preventive Law: A Strategy for Internal Corporate Lawyers to Advise Managers of Their Ethical Obligations (2008)

This article examines the efficacy of Preventive Law jurisprudence to internal corporate law practice. The article compares internal corporate law practice to the practice approach of Preventive Law. The article explores the benefits of Preventive Law jurisprudence to internal corporate law practice. Part I discusses the history and various vectors of Preventive Law. Part II examines the responsibilities of corporate law departments. Part III compares Preventive Law practice skills to internal corporate law practice, and explores the utility of Barton’s problem solving approaches to internal corporate law practice. Finally, the article concludes arguing internal corporate law practice is Preventive Law practice. This article suggests an understanding of the role of internal corporate lawyers as practicing Preventive Law in the context of Preventive Law jurisprudence.
Improving VHDL soft-cores reuse with software-like reviews and audits procedures (2002)

Design reuse of electronic components is clearly a key issue. Hard virtual component reuse is a reality, and mechanisms to properly perform it are already in place. However, soft-core reuse is not as well developed, due to the lack of similar mechanisms and specific tools to support the involved processes. Addressing this point, three VHDL navigation tools are presented, together with a reference to the suggested processes for improving VHDL soft-core library reuse. The tools are integrated in the VHDL-ICE environment to obtain design library management support, through an intranet and the Internet, tightly coupled to the specific build mechanisms of VHDL descriptions. These tools are useful to both the intellectual property producer and the customer. They help to better understand and reuse soft-cores and to ease the adoption of mechanisms coming from the software development world, such as those associated with source code inspection and walkthrough processes, to perform soft-core reviews and auditing procedures.
CD137-CD137 Ligand Interactions in Inflammation (2009)

The main stream of CD137 studies has been directed to the function of CD137 in CD8(+) T-cell immunity, including its anti-tumor activity, and paradoxically the immunosuppressive activity of CD137, which proves to be of a great therapeutic potential for animal models of a variety of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Recent studies, however, add complexes to the biology of CD137. Accumulating is evidence supporting that there exists a bidirectional signal transduction pathway for the CD137 receptor and its ligand (CD137L). CD137/CD137L interactions are involved in the network of hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells in addition to the well characterized antigen-presenting cell-T cell interactions. Signaling through CD137L plays a critical role in the differentiation of myeloid cells and their cellular activities, suggesting that CD137L signals trigger and sustain inflammation. The overall consequence might be that the amplified inflammation by CD137L enhances the T-cell activity together with CD137 signals by upregulating costimulatory molecules, MHC molecules, cell adhesion molecules, cytokines, and chemokines. Solving this outstanding issue is urgent and will have an important clinical implication.
Lead (II) ion detection in surface water with pM sensitivity using aza-crown-ether-modified silver nanoparticles via dynamic light scattering (2011)

In this paper, we reported ultrasensitive lead ion detection in environmental water with pM sensitivity using aza-crown-ether-modified silver nanoparticles (ACE-Ag NPs) through dynamic light scattering (DLS). The colorimetric method based on ACE-Ag NPs is not capable of detecting Pb2+ ions over other metal ions (Fe3+, Co2+, Cu2+, Hg2+, Cd2+, Ag+, Li+, Na+, K+ and Cs+) with high sensitivity. But DLS has improved the selectivity and sensitivity of the Pb2+ detection system (50-fold or more) over colorimetric method, and its detection limit is 0.25 pM (1.03 ppt). The Pb2+ DLS assay can be applied to detect Pb2+ in the environmental water, such as in Yangtze and East Lake water samples with a detection limit of 0.20 and 0.22 pM, which is much lower than the maximum contamination level of 4.8×10(-8) M for lead in surface water defined by the national environmental quality standards of China (GB 3838-2002). Also, this method has a good performance in the determination of Pb2+ in drinking water, which is much lower than the maximum contamination level (MCL) of 72 nM for lead as defined by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Architecture and performance of the PEP-II low-level RF system (2003)

Heavy beam loading in the PEP-II B Factory along with large ring circumferences places unique requirements upon the low-level RF (LLRF) system. RF feedback loops must reduce the impedance observed by the beam while ignoring the cavity transients caused by the ion clearing gap. Special attention must be placed on the cavity tuner loops to allow matching the ion clearing gap transients in the high energy ring and the low energy ring. A wideband fiber optic connection to the longitudinal feedback system allows a RF station to operate as a powerful "sub-woofer" to damp residual low order coupled bunch motion. This paper describes the design and performance of the VXI based, EPICS controlled, PEP-II low-level RF system(s). Baseband in-phase and quadrature (IQ) signal processing using both analog and modern digital techniques are used throughout the system. A family of digital down converters provide extremely accurate measurements of many RF signals throughout the system. Each system incorporates a built-in network analyzer and arbitrary RF function generator which interface with Matlab to provide a wide range of functions ranging from automated configuration of each feedback loop to cavity FM processing. EPICS based sequences make the entire system a turn-key operation requiring minimal operator intervention. In the event of a fault, fast history buffers throughout the system write selected RF signals to disk files which can be viewed later to help diagnose problems. Actual data from commissioning runs of PEP-II is presented.
A Further Development of TQM Model: Meeting Organisational Development Needs (2005)

While there are many successful cases where application of the TQM model has reaped substantial benefits, there is little attempt to further develop the TQM model to meet organisations’ development needs. The purpose of this paper is introduce the process of development of a fit‐for‐purpose management system model to meet the development needs of the MTR Corporation Limited, a metro company of Hong Kong. The new management system model is formulated based on the previous research results on TQM but comprises a new approach to bridging their pitfalls. The formulation of the TMS elements is based on the common factors of four National Quality Awards (Japan, USA, Europe and Australia) and the critical factors developed by seven studies. These studies include those of Saraph et al. (1989), Flynn et al. (1994), Anderson et al. (1995), Powell (1995), Handfield and Ghosh (1995), Black and Porter (1996), and Ahire et al. (1996).
Electronically Tunable RC Sinusoidal Oscillators (1975)

This paper presents two types of active configurations for realizing electronically tunable RC sinusoidal oscillators. The type-1 network employs two grounded scaled resistances KR1 and KR2, where K is a scaling factor. The frequency of oscillation Wo is controlled conveniently by adjusting K, since Wo appears in the form W0 = l/K/√R1C1R2C2. For realizing the scaled resistances, an active configuration is proposed, which realizes KRi = Ri/1 + f(VB), where f(VB) denotes a function of a controlling voltage VB. Thus the frequency tuning can be effected by controlling a voltage VB. The type-2 oscillator uses two periodically switched conductances. It is shown that the tuning of oscillation frequency can be done by varying the pulsewidth-to-period ratio (τ/T) of the periodically switched conductances.
Fabrication of Super Hydrophobic Surfaces by fs Laser Pulses (2008)

Abstract The chair of Applied Laser Technology of the University of Twente, The Netherlands, is performing research into applications of ultrashort pulsed lasers for micromachining. In a recent project, PhD student Max Groenendijk developed a method for the production of super water repellant surfaces by injection molding. The core of this technique is the structuring of mold surfaces by micro and nanometer sized textures, using a femtosecondpulsed laser.