gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of biodegradable and injectable macromers based on poly(ethylene glycol) and diacid monomers (2008)

Novel biodegradable injectable poly(ethylene glycol)-(PEG) based macromers were synthesized by reacting low-molecular weight PEG (MW: 200) and dicarboxylic acids such as sebacic acid or terephthalic acid. Chemical structures of the resulting polymers were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy characterizations. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed that these polymers were completely amorphous above room temperature. After photopolymerization, dynamic elastic shear modulus of the crosslinked polymers was up to 1.5 MPa and compressive modulus was up to 2.2 MPa depending on the polymer composition. The in vitro degradation study showed that mass losses of these polymers were gradually decreased over 23 weeks of period in simulated body fluid. By incorporating up to 30 wt % of 2-hydroxyethyl methylmethacrylate (HEMA) into the crosslinking network, the dynamic elastic modulus and compressive modulus was significantly increased up to 7.2 and 3.2 MPa, respectively. HEMA incorporation also accelerated the degradation as indicated by substantially higher mass loss of up to 27% after 20 weeks of incubation. Cytocompatability studies using osteoblasts and neural cells revealed that cell metabolic activity on these polymers with or without HEMA was close to the control tissue culture polystyrene. The PEG-based macromers developed in this study may be useful as scaffolds or cell carriers for tissue engineering applications.
IMPACT OF NITROGEN FERTILIZATION ON VINE PERFORMANCE AND JUICE AND WINE COMPOSITION OF âRIESLINGâ GRAPES (VITIS VINIFERA L.) IN WASHINGTON STATE (2000)

ISHS XXV International Horticultural Congress, Part 2: Mineral Nutrition and Grape and Wine Quality IMPACT OF NITROGEN FERTILIZATION ON VINE PERFORMANCE AND JUICE AND WINE COMPOSITION OF ‘RIESLING’ GRAPES (VITIS VINIFERA L.) IN WASHINGTON STATE
ChemInform Abstract: PALLADIUM‐CATALYZED DECARBOXYLATION‐CARBONYLATION OF ALLYLIC CARBONATES TO FORM β,Γ‐UNSATURATED ESTERS (1984)

Abstract Das Allylcarbonat (II) reagiert mit C0 in Gegenwart von Pd‐Katalysatoren zum Butensäureester (IV) und Kohlendioxid, während bei höherer Temperatur der Ether (I) gebildet wird.
Opioids for chronic non-cancer pain (2013)

A 36 year old carpenter has a six month history of lower back pain with no specific clinical or radiological findings. As his pain has not responded to paracetamol and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), he asks his doctor if he can have “stronger painkillers” such as morphine.

Opioids are a group of compounds that act by binding to opioid receptors (μ, κ, and δ), which are widely distributed in the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral tissues. They are the mainstay in the management of cancer pain, but published data show a continual increase in the volume of prescribed opioids to manage moderate to severe, chronic, non-cancer pain.1 2

Changes in attitude and aggressive marketing have driven a dramatic increase in use, with more adverse events, including deaths from overdose (now the second leading cause of accidental death in the US).3 Proponents claim that opioids are underused for chronic pain,4 but lack of good scientific data has prevented the formulation of evidence based guidelines for their use, especially in primary care.

Several meta-analyses of the effectiveness of opioids have been published. Most of the randomised clinical trials summarised in these meta-analyses were funded by the pharmaceutical industry and report heterogeneous, short term outcomes in highly selected patients. Non-randomised and uncontrolled observational studies make up the rest of the literature. Nevertheless, most studies have consistently shown some effectiveness in chronic non-cancer pain by reducing pain intensity. In particular, meta-analyses show the efficacy of opioids in neuropathic pain,5 6 7 although most guidelines regard opioids only as second or third line treatment for such pain because of their risk:benefit profile.8 9 The data are even less encouraging for chronic non-neuropathic pain, the focus of this paper. A 2009 Cochrane review of 10 randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trials compared …
External modulation using EO polymer arrays in digital systems (1994)

Electro-optic polymer waveguide modulators may be used in parallel external modulation arrays supplied by branching structures providing fanout from a cw laser for a variety of applications, including CATV and data communications. This paper highlights some of the benefits of using EO polymer modulators in arrays for point-to-point digital data communications.
THE ORAL TRPV1 ANTAGONIST GRC 6211 REDUCES BLADDER OVERACTIVITY AND NOXIOUS BLADDER INPUT IN CYSTITIS (2008)

You have accessJournal of Urology1 Apr 2008THE ORAL TRPV1 ANTAGONIST GRC 6211 REDUCES BLADDER OVERACTIVITY AND NOXIOUS BLADDER INPUT IN CYSTITIS Francisco Cruz, Ana Charrua, Celia Cruz, Shridhar Narayanan, Laxmikant Gharat, Srinivas Gullapalli, and Antonio Avelino Francisco CruzFrancisco Cruz More articles by this author , Ana CharruaAna Charrua More articles by this author , Celia CruzCelia Cruz More articles by this author , Shridhar NarayananShridhar Narayanan More articles by this author , Laxmikant GharatLaxmikant Gharat More articles by this author , Srinivas GullapalliSrinivas Gullapalli More articles by this author , and Antonio AvelinoAntonio Avelino More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(08)61584-0AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "THE ORAL TRPV1 ANTAGONIST GRC 6211 REDUCES BLADDER OVERACTIVITY AND NOXIOUS BLADDER INPUT IN CYSTITIS." The Journal of Urology, 179(4S), p. 539 © 2008 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 179Issue 4SApril 2008Page: 539 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2008 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Francisco Cruz More articles by this author Ana Charrua More articles by this author Celia Cruz More articles by this author Shridhar Narayanan More articles by this author Laxmikant Gharat More articles by this author Srinivas Gullapalli More articles by this author Antonio Avelino More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
On-line cure monitoring of next generation motor and transformer impregnates (2002)

A technique is described utilizing a sensitive dc megohmmeter to measure the on-line Insulation Resistance (IR) across sections of wire windings where a resin had been applied. The IR of well-cured sections usually is very high and allows for setting a minimum insulation resistance. When the insulation resistance is found to be below the minimum IR, the device is usually placed back into an oven for a longer cure. When the IR rises above the minimum, then the resin is said to be cured. Leakage current measurements during fabrication have been shown in this work to provide a strong indication as to the degree of cure of a resin or impregnate in a component. It will be discussed in this preliminary work how these leakage currents were measured throughout the manufacturing process for motor stators and lighting ballasts to determine how well these components have cured. This work was undertaken to provide a better understanding of the processing time necessary to achieve a well-cured component.
Isolation and characterization of the TIGA genes, whose transcripts are induced by growth arrest (2006)

We report here the isolation of 44 genes that are upregulated after serum starvation and/or contact inhibition. These genes have been termed TIGA, after Transcript Induced by Growth Arrest. We found that there are two kinds of G0 phases caused by serum starvation, namely, the shallow G0 (or G0/G1) and the deep G0 phases. The shallow G0 is induced by only a few hours of serum starvation, while deep G0 is generated after 3 days of serum starvation. We propose that mammalian cells enter deep G0 through a G0 gate, which is only opened on the third day of serum starvation. TIGA1, one of the uncharacterized TIGA genes, encodes a homolog of cyanate permease of bacteria and localizes in mitochondria. This suggests that Tiga1 is involved in the inorganic ion transport and metabolism needed to maintain the deep G0 phase. Ectopic expression of TIGA1 inhibited not only tumor cell proliferation but also anchorage-independent growth of cancer cell lines. A microsatellite marker, ENDL-1, allowed us to detect loss of heterozygosity around the TIGA1 gene region (5q21-22). Further analysis of the TIGA genes we have identified here may help us to better understand the mechanisms that regulate the G0 phase.
Asymmetric Enzymatic Synthesis of Amino Acid Anilides (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAsymmetric Enzymatic Synthesis of Amino Acid AnilidesNoel F. AlbertsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1951, 73, 1, 452–454Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01145a144https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01145a144research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views132Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Recovery of vision after ischemic lesions: Positron emission tomography (1987)

We used [18F]fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) to study serial changes in the local cerebral metabolic rate of glucose in 5 patients with ischemic lesions of the posterior afferent visual system causing homonymous visual field defects. All 5 patients had striking impairment of glucose metabolism in the striate cortex shortly after ictus. In 2 patients, visual field defects abated, and repeat PET scans showed reduced size of the metabolic lesion and improvement of striate metabolism. Three patients did not recover vision, and repeat PET scans did not show improvement. Patients who recovered vision had ischemic lesions outside the occipital lobe, while those who did not experience improvement had primary damage to the occipital lobe itself.
Evaluation of Output Phase Stability in a Fiber-Optic Two-Way Frequency Distribution System (2008)

The assembly of a real-time actively controlled fiber-optic frequency transfer link based on additions to an existing static solution is proposed and evaluated. The dynamic variations of transmission delays, caused mainly by temperature dependence of the fiber, is continuously measured and used to adjust a delay at the transmitter for net cancellation of the effect. The resulting link shows no visible temperature dependence; however, the feedback induces added noise at short integration times.
Artesunate Tolerance in Transgenic Plasmodium falciparum Parasites Overexpressing a Tryptophan-Rich Protein (2011)

Due to their rapid, potent action on young and mature intraerythrocytic stages, artemisinin derivatives are central to drug combination therapies for Plasmodium falciparum malaria. However, the evidence for emerging parasite resistance/tolerance to artemisinins in southeast Asia is of great concern. A better understanding of artemisinin-related drug activity and resistance mechanisms is urgently needed. A recent transcriptome study of parasites exposed to artesunate led us to identify a series of genes with modified levels of expression in the presence of the drug. The gene presenting the largest mRNA level increase, Pf10_0026 (PArt), encoding a hypothetical protein of unknown function, was chosen for further study. Immunodetection with PArt-specific sera showed that artesunate induced a dose-dependent increase of the protein level. Bioinformatic analysis showed that PArt belongs to a Plasmodium-specific gene family characterized by the presence of a tryptophan-rich domain with a novel hidden Markov model (HMM) profile. Gene disruption could not be achieved, suggesting an essential function. Transgenic parasites overexpressing PArt protein were generated and exhibited tolerance to a spike exposure to high doses of artesunate, with increased survival and reduced growth retardation compared to that of wild-type-treated controls. These data indicate the involvement of PArt in parasite defense mechanisms against artesunate. This is the first report of genetically manipulated parasites displaying a stable and reproducible decreased susceptibility to artesunate, providing new possibilities to investigate the parasite response to artemisinins.
Ultrasensitive laser wave-mixing spectroscopic method for detection and separation of biomarkers and carcinogenic pollutants (2016)

Novel nonlinear multi-photon laser spectroscopic methods are presented for ultrasensitive detection, separation and identification of biomarker proteins for early diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS), cancer, metabolites of carcinogenic molecules, and nicotine and their metabolites. Using compact, portable capillary- or microchip-based separation methods, we demonstrate excellent detection sensitivity and chemical specificity levels. Laser wave mixing is an unusually sensitive optical absorption-based detection method that offers significant inherent advantages including excellent sensitivity, small sample requirements, short optical path lengths, high spatial reso lution, and high spectral resolution. Based on the quadratic dependence of the signal on analyte concentration, it allows more dramatic monitoring of small changes in analyte properties. Wave mixing detection sensitivity is comparable or better than thos e of fluorescence-based methods and enzyme-linked immunoassays for clinical diagnostic and screening. Since the wave-mixing signal is a laserlike coherent beam, it can be collected with virtually 100% efficiency and high signal-to-noise ratio. Laser excitation wavelengths can be tuned to detect multiple analytes in their native forms. Our analysis time is short (minutes) as compared to those of other conventional methods of separation, e.g., sodium dodecyl sulfate -polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). When wave mixing is coupled to a high-resolution capillary- or microchip-based separation system, disease biomarkers can be separated and identified at the zepto-mole levels. Laser wave mixing allows for sensitive detection of cancer biomarkers through complexation of cancer antigen with chromophores and absorptionmodifying tags.
Generalised Rice-lognormal channel modelfor wireless communications (1995)

The Rice-lognormal (RLN) channel model is generalised to include an additive diffuse-multipath component having constant average power. The Generalised RLN (GRLN) model includes as limiting cases many well-known narrowband models, e.g. Rayleigh, Rice, lognormal and Loo. The GRLN probability density functions of both envelope and phase are evaluated.
Biodegradability of Alternative Oxygenates as a Sole Carbon Source or in the Presence of Btex (2006)

Biodegradability of Alternative Oxygenates as a Sole Carbon Source or in the Presence of BtexThe biodegradability of alkylate compounds in serum bottles was investigated as a sole carbon source or in the presence BTEX. The biomass was acclimated with 2,3-dimethyl pentane (2,3-DMP), 2,4-dimethyl pentane (2,4-DMP) and 2,2,4-trimethyl pentane (2,2,4-TMP) in porous pot reactors. The alkylates (2,3-DMP, 2,4-DMP, and 2,2,4-TMP) were completely biodegraded in all the sets of experiments. When...Author(s)Jai H. ChoMaher M. ZeinMakram T. SuidanAlbert D. VenosaSourceProceedings of the Water Environment FederationSubjectSession 63: Leading Edge Research: Toxics/XenobioticsDocument typeConference PaperPublisherWater Environment FederationPrint publication date Jan, 2006ISSN1938-6478SICI1938-6478(20060101)2006:7L.4950;1-DOI10.2175/193864706783763156Volume / Issue2006 / 7Content sourceWEFTECFirst / last page(s)4950 - 4956Copyright2006Word count106
The Essence of the Seismic Reflection Method: Abstract (1967)

Abstract The seismic reflection method reduced to the simplest terms aims to obtain by means of observations at the surface of the earth the sonic log of the subsurface at the same location. This, in theory, can be accomplished by the generation, transmission and recovery by reflection of a delta function. Thus from observations at suitable locations one could develop in terms of the sonic log subsurface structure and stratigraphy to any desired degree of detail. Mother Earth does not permit so simple an investigation of her secrets and what is actually transmitted and received is far different and less definitive. The reflection process is discussed in some detail with observations regarding its potential and limitations.
1107 Analysis of relation between QT interval and KCNE1/KCNQ1 expression ratio by using cardiac membrane action potential model (2007)

In heart failure, QT interval and action potential duration (APD) is prolonged and I_<Ks>, a slow component of delayed rectifier potassium current, decreases. We have reported that the KCNE1 gene, coding I_<Ks> channel, increases and QT interval is prolonged in patients with heart failure. In this study, we construct a cardiac membrane action potential simulation model and pseudo-ECG model based on the oocytes expression experiments to investigate the relationship between the increase of KCNE1, APD and QT interval. In modeling process, increase of KCNE1 expression level leaded increase of maximum I_<Ks>, conductance, shift of activation curve to depolarization side and increase of time constants of I_<Ks>, channel. In simulations, APD and QT interval was prolonged, and I_<Ks> was suppressed by increase of co-injected amount of KCNE1. Therefore, increase of KCNE1 expression level may contribute to APD and QT interval prolongation in heart failure.
Role of atypical PKC in insulin action (2001)

Conference Abstract| June 01 2001 Role of atypical PKC in insulin action M. Kasuga; M. Kasuga 1Second Department of Medicine, Kobe University School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar K. Kotani; K. Kotani 1Second Department of Medicine, Kobe University School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar W. Ogawa W. Ogawa 1Second Department of Medicine, Kobe University School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (2001) 29 (3): A58. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst029a058b Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation M. Kasuga, K. Kotani, W. Ogawa; Role of atypical PKC in insulin action. Biochem Soc Trans 1 June 2001; 29 (3): A58. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst029a058b Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 2001 Biochemical Society2001 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Nonthermal Effects of Radiofrequency-Field Exposure on Calcium Dynamics in Stem Cell-Derived Neuronal Cells: Elucidation of Calcium Pathways (2008)

Intracellular Ca(2+) spikes trigger cell proliferation, differentiation and cytoskeletal reorganization. In addition to Ca(2+) spiking that can be initiated by a ligand binding to its receptor, exposure to electromagnetic stimuli has also been shown to alter Ca(2+) dynamics. Using neuronal cells differentiated from a mouse embryonic stem cell line and a custom-built, frequency-tunable applicator, we examined in real time the altered Ca(2+) dynamics and observed increases in the cytosolic Ca(2+) in response to nonthermal radiofrequency (RF)-radiation exposure of cells from 700 to 1100 MHz. While about 60% of control cells (not exposed to RF radiation) were observed to exhibit about five spontaneous Ca(2+) spikes per cell in 60 min, exposure of cells to an 800 MHz, 0.5 W/kg RF radiation, for example, significantly increased the number of Ca(2+) spikes to 15.7+/-0.8 (P<0.05). The increase in the Ca(2+) spiking activities was dependent on the frequency but not on the SAR between 0.5 to 5 W/kg. Using pharmacological agents, it was found that both the N-type Ca(2+) channels and phospholipase C enzymes appear to be involved in mediating increased Ca(2+) spiking. Interestingly, microfilament disruption also prevented the Ca(2+) spikes. Regulation of Ca(2+) dynamics by external physical stimulation such as RF radiation may provide a noninvasive and useful tool for modulating the Ca(2+)-dependent cellular and molecular activities of cells seeded in a 3D environment for which only a few techniques are currently available to influence the cells.
HISTOLOGICAL STUDIES OF PHOTODYNAM IC THERAPY WITH HEMATOPORPHYRIN DERIVATIVE IN RAT BLADDER (1988)

Hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD) was injected intravenously into Wistar rats. Forty eight hrs after the administration of HpD (5mg/kg body weight), a part of the bladder was exposed to red light (630nm; 60 J/cm2) using an argon-dye laser. Immediately and 48 hrs after photodynamic therapy (PDT), the bladder was removed and examined light microscopically. The endothelium of submucosal vessels and mucosa were also scrutinized through transmission electric microscopy immediately after PDT. The part of the bladder treated with HpD-PDT immediately showed edema of the bladder wall, mucosal detachment and hemorrhage from small vessels on light microscopy. Histological findings of the bladder 48 hrs after PDT revealed detachment of the mucosa, infiltration of small round cells and massive hemorrhage in the submucosal and muscle layers. Electric microscopic findings showed mitochondrial damage of the endothelium and mucosa occurred immediately after PDT. These studies suggest that the mitochondrial damages cause the mucosal detachment and submucosal hemorrhage.