gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Controlling astroturfing on the internet: a survey on detection techniques and research challenges (2019)

Astroturfing is one of the most impactful threats on today's internet. It is the process of masking and portraying a doctored message to the general population in a way as though it originated from the grass-root level. The concept of astroturfing detection is started to gain popularity among researchers in social media, e-commerce and politics. With the recent growth of crowdsourcing systems, astroturfing is also creating a profound impact on people's opinions. Political blogs, news portals and review websites are being flooded with astroturfs. Some groups are using astroturfing to promote their interest and some are using it to demote the interest of competitors. Researchers have adopted many approaches to detect astroturfing on the web. These approaches include content analysis techniques, individual and group identification techniques, analysing linguistic features, authorship attribution techniques, machine learning and so on. We present a taxonomy of these approaches based on the key issues in online astroturfing detection techniques and discuss the relevant approaches in each category. The paper also summarises the discussed literature and highlights research challenges and directions for future work that have not aligned with the currently available research.
Multi-Objective Optimal Design of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for High Efficiency and High Dynamic Performance (2018)

There is a strong demand for the research of electric vehicles (EVs) in automotive industry, because of an increased concern of the energy depletion and environmental pollution problems caused by oil-fueled automotive. The traction motor drive system is one of the core components of EVs, and a motor with superior dynamic performance and high efficiency could significantly reduce energy consumption and improve riding comfort of EVs. Therefore, in order to achieve high dynamic performance and high efficiency of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), a multi-objective optimization design method for PMSM based on the artificial bee colony algorithm was proposed in this paper. First, based on the magnetic field analytical model of PMSM, the analytical expressions of the key parameters were deduced, namely, mechanical time constant and electrical time constant. Second, the efficiency and electrical and mechanical time constant were defined as optimization objectives. Third, the efficiency and dynamic performance of the original motor and optimized motor were compared applying the finite-element analysis. Furthermore, one prototype machine was manufactured according to the results of optimization. The dynamic performance and efficiency of the prototype had been tested. The experiments show confident results that the efficiency increased about 1% and the mechanical time constant reduced to 31.4% of initial value.
Developmental effects of an intervention for preterm infants of teenage mothers (1982)

Since preterm infants and infants born to teenage mothers are noted to be at risk for developmental delays, a group of infants who were both preterm and born to teenage mothers was provided a sensorimotor exercise intervention program for the first year of infancy. The development of these infants was compared to the development of preterm infants without intervention and term infants of teenage mothers as well as term and preterm infants of adult mothers to determine the degree to which developmental delays were prevented. The intervention infants showed more optimal growth, cognitive development, temperament and play behaviors during interactions with their mothers across the first year of development.
Surveying, Modeling and Navigating the Theodorian Mosaic Floor of the Aquileia Basilica. (2011)

The paper deals with the laserscanning and photogrammetric surveying, the 3D photorealistic modeling, and the virtual navigation of the Thodorian mosaic floor the Basilica of Aquileia, the widest and oldest mosaic pavement in the Christian western world. From the acquired data, 18 clouds of 3D point and 158 digital images, a detailed model of such non-planar surface has been obtained and the images have been projected onto it as 3D textures. Finally, some thematic routes have been defined so creating navigation virtual tours to well understand and enjoy the various parts of the mosaic floor.
Integrált városfejlesztési stratégia: A városfejlesztés megújítása (2009)

A Lipcsei Charta új szellemiségű városfejlesztési gondolkodást igyekszik meghonosítani az integrált városfejlesztési stratégia megfogalmazásával, amelynek lényege a gazdasági, társadalmi és területi szempontok együttes kezelése, a különböző területi és időbeli szintek összekapcsolása, a helyi szereplők bevonása a tervezés fobumatába, valamint a finanszíroz,ás többcsatornás megoldása. Az IVS erőfeszítéseket követel a nyugateurópai országoktól, városoktól á elsősorban a tervezési fobJamat demokratizálásában, viszont gyökeresen új korszakot nyit az újonnan csatlakozott, volt szocialista tagországokban. Annak ellenére, hogy Magyarországon már elkészült majd másfélszáz IVS az elmúlt évben, az az általános hazai vélemény, hogy a városfejlesztés megújulása – különböző okok miatt – még várat magára. A nemzetközi kipróbált módszerek megismerése és átvétele is segíthet ebben a hosszú és nehéz folyamatban.
Hill Country Dinner Theatre (1997)

Details are the narrators oi Architecture.\nDetaus are recurrently thought of as the joints of architecture, yet they\nalso tell two tales: the "construction" and the "construing of architecture.\n"Construction," which places emphasis on technology, describes the\nprocess of building used. "Construing," infomis one about the rhetoric ol\narchitecture based on the mental and reflective meanings hidden in the\ndetail." Both "construction" and "construing are the basis of details in\narchitecture. They give meaning not only to the joint, but also the\nmaterials, elements, components, and building parts used. It is through\nthe tales of the details that a better understanding of architecture is\nreached.\nThe project will be erected in a suburban setting of north Austin. Many\nrolling hills and trees surround the site with a few houses down the street\nand a three-story building on the next site. This particular part of Austin,\nTexas is expanding rapidly.\nThe facility, a dinner theatre, will offer live entertainment to the\ncommunity. Many performances such as suspenseful murder-mysteries,\ncomedies, dramas and musical guest artists will appear at the dinner\ntheatre. A matinee for children will t)ccur every Saturday afternoon. The\ndinner theatre, according to the Actors Equity Association, will be\nconsidered a medium size theatre holding approximately 3 5 0 people.
Utilizing Machine Learning Techniques to Reveal VAT Compliance Violations in Accounting Data (2019)

In recent years, compliance management has gained more and more interest from a practice and research point of view. The financial service industry, in general, is strongly regulated and has to follow specific laws, standards and guidelines. However, research has shown that little attention is being paid to Value Added Tax (VAT) issues, although there is a high cost and risk exposure, especially in large international companies which use large IT-Infrastructures for tax handling. In this paper, we examine a commonly applied approach for the verification of VAT regulations within Enterprise Resource Planning systems (ERP) and highlight weaknesses as well as error susceptibilities. Furthermore, we show that machine learning techniques can be utilized to minimize risks and increase VAT compliance. We use a supervised learning classifier to predict tax subjects and corresponding tax rates based on related voucher information of journal reports. By comparing the results of our model with the existing rule-based system of an ERP system, we reveal potential anomalies and compliance issues. Our approach was evaluated on a given real-world data set of a leading chemical industry company that was exported from its ERP system. The results were validated by VAT experts of the company.
Comparative study of pilot symbol assisted modem schemes (1995)

The performance of a range of 1, 2 and 4 bit/symbol pilot symbol assisted modulation (PSAM) [1, 3] arrangements employing first-order linear, low pass, polynomial and optimum higher-order linear interpolation schemes is analysed in contrast to that of the equivalent non-coherent modems. Both the non-coherent modems as well as the coherent PSAM schemes exhibited a residual bit error rate (BER), but the best compromise in terms of performance, system delay and complexity was attributable to the first-order linear interpolator. In case of short interpolation buffers the polynomial interpolator slightly outperformed the low-pass and the higher-order linear optimum interpolators, but this advantage eroded in case of longer buffers. The higher complexity of the minimum mean squared error interpolator is not justifiable in terms of performance improvements. The low-complexity linearly interpolated PSAM schemes have a n improved performance in comparison to the differential schemes in case of higher order constellations, such as 4- and 16-level quadrature amplitude modulation.
Surface Defect Detection of Chinese Dates Based on Machine Vision (2011)

In order to implement the accuracy and robust of Chinese dates surface defect detection based on machine vision techniques on line, the method of detection for Chinese dates was studied. The Chinese date is segmented from the background in RGB color space by analyzing respectively the histogram of R, G and B channel to make comparing among them and find an optimal one, resulting in good contrast between Chinese date and background in G channel. The brightness of the damaged area edge changed clearly on the whole Chinese dates area according to the gray image of R, G and B channel, especially in G channel. It shows the gray value of the defect area breaking obviously. So the damaged area could be detected by edge detect, through image thinning the defect edge was extracted. Furthermore, the geometry parameters of defect edge were calculated, these parameters could used to distinguish the defect area with the fruit area and the degree of the defect area. Experiments result proved the methods is effective to detect defect area of Chinese date.
Skin colonization of Staphylococcus aureus in atopic dermatitis patients seen at the National Skin Centre, Singapore (1997)

This study confirmed that the skin of patients with atopic dermatitis was more frequently colonized with S. aureus than that of non-atopics. The more severe the dermatitis, the higher the rate of colonization. S. aureus is also more of than present in non-eczematous skin of atopics than of non-atopics. There is also a higher percentage of S. aureus nasal carriage in patients with atopic dermatitis than in non-atopics. Hence antibiotics may have a role in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Because 87% of S. aureus is resistant to penicillin and ampicillin, antibiotics such as cloxacillin and cephalexin should be used to eradicate S. aureus in the skin of atopic dermatitis individuals.
BRINGING BACK THE MEMORIES (1997)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTBRINGING BACK THE MEMORIESExpanding understanding of Alzheimer's disease drives development of new drugsMAIRIN B. BRENNANView Author Information C&EN WashingtonCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1997, 75, 3, 29–35Publication Date (Print):January 20, 1997Publication History Published online12 November 2010Published inissue 20 January 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v075n003.p029https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v075n003.p029newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views10Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Circuits,Diseases and disorders,Genetics,Pharmaceuticals Get e-Alerts
Immunogenicity Associated with Botulinum Toxin Treatment (2019)

Botulinum toxin (BoNT) has been used for the treatment of a variety of neurologic, medical and cosmetic conditions. Two serotypes, type A (BoNT-A) and type B (BoNT-B), are currently in clinical use. While considered safe and effective, their use has been rarely complicated by the development of antibodies that reduce or negate their therapeutic effect. The presence of antibodies has been attributed to shorter dosing intervals (and booster injections), higher doses per injection cycle, and higher amounts of antigenic protein. Other factors contributing to the immunogenicity of BoNT include properties of each serotype, such as formulation, manufacturing, and storage of the toxin. Some newer formulations with purified core neurotoxin devoid of accessory proteins may have lower overall immunogenicity. Several assays are available for the detection of antibodies, including both structural assays such as ELISA and mouse-based bioassays, but there is no consistent correlation between these antibodies and clinical response. Prevention and treatment of antibody-associated non-responsiveness is challenging and primarily involves the use of less immunogenic formulations of BoNT, waiting for the spontaneous disappearance of the neutralizing antibody, and switching to an immunologically alternate type of BoNT.
Methods for detecting the end-point in the titration of iodine with thiosulphate (1953)

G. Knowles and G. F. Lowden, Analyst, 1953, 78, 159 DOI: 10.1039/AN9537800159
<scp>GPNMB</scp> enhances bone regeneration by promoting angiogenesis and osteogenesis: Potential role for tissue engineering bone (2013)

Bone regeneration is a coordinated process involving the connection between blood vessels and bone cells. Glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB) is known to be vital in bone formation. However, the effect of GPNMB on bone regeneration and the underlying molecular mechanism are still undefined. Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)-mediating signaling is pivotal in bone formation and angiogenesis. Therefore, we assessed GPNMB function as a communicating molecule between osteoblasts and angiogenesis, and the possible correlation with FGFR-1 signaling. Recombinant GPNMB dose-dependently increased the differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) into osteoblasts, as well as the mRNA levels of osteoblasts marker alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OCN). Furthermore, these increases depended on the activation of FGFR-1 signaling, as pretreatment with FGFR-1 siRNA or its inhibitor SU5402 dramatically dampened GPNMB-induced osteogenesis. Additionally, GPNMB triggered dose-dependently the proliferation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (hUVECs), FGFR-1 phosphorylation, as well as capillary tube and vessels formation in vitro and in vivo. Blocking FGFR-1 signaling dampened GPNMB-induced angiogenic activity. Following construction of a rodent cranial defect model, scaffolds delivering GPNMB resulted in an evident increase in blood vessels and new bone formation; however, combined delivery of GPNMB and SU5402 abated these increase in defect sites. Taken together, these results suggest that GPNMB stimulates bone regeneration by inducing osteogenesis and angiogenesis via regulating FGFR-1 signaling. Consequently, our findings will clarify a new explanation about how GPNMB induces bone repair, and provide a potential target for bone regeneration therapeutics and bone engineering.
Liquid sensor system using reflecting surface acoustic wave delay lines (2003)

A new sensor has been designed by using SH-SAW device. Shear horizontal mode surface acoustic wave (SH-SAW) has a unique characteristic of complete reflection at the free edges of the substrate. The SH-SAW are excited on a 36/spl deg/ YX LiTaO/sub 3/ and the right angle edge of the substrate has been used to reflect these waves. Both the phase and amplitude of the SH-SAW reflected from the edge were measured as a response of the sensor probe. Several experiments were performed to verify the edge reflection type SAW sensor in viscous and ionic liquids. Experimental results showed that the sensor is very suitable for sensing of liquid phase.
DNA Fingerprinting of Lactic Acid Bacteria in Sauerkraut Fermentations (2007)

Previous studies using traditional biochemical identification methods to study the ecology of commercial sauerkraut fermentations revealed that four species of lactic acid bacteria, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Lactobacillus plantarum, Pediococcus pentosaceus, and Lactobacillus brevis, were the primary microorganisms in these fermentations. In this study, 686 isolates were collected from four commercial fermentations and analyzed by DNA fingerprinting. The results indicate that the species of lactic acid bacteria present in sauerkraut fermentations are more diverse than previously reported and include Leuconostoc citreum, Leuconostoc argentinum, Lactobacillus paraplantarum, Lactobacillus coryniformis, and Weissella sp. The newly identified species Leuconostoc fallax was also found. Unexpectedly, only two isolates of P. pentosaceus and 15 isolates of L. brevis were recovered during this study. A better understanding of the microbiota may aid in the development of low-salt fermentations, which may have altered microflora and altered sensory characteristics.
Elastin Metabolism and Chemistry: Potential Roles in Lung Development and Structure (1984)

Elastic fibers are important for elasticity and extensibility of lung tissue. In the developing lung, elastic fibers appear in greatest numbers during the process or period of alveolarization . A variety of mesenchymal cells in lung appear responsible for elastin synthesis. Elastin is a novel protein both from the standpoint of its processing into elastic fibers and chemical properties. For example, elastin undergoes posttranslational modification before its assembly into fibers. These steps include limited proteolysis, hydroxylation of prolyl residues and the oxidative deamination of lysyl residues prior to their incorporation into the crosslinks that covalently bond together polypeptide chains of elastin. The crosslinking amino acids include lysinonorleucine , merodesmosine and desmosine isomers. A key enzyme that controls this process is lysyl oxidase. Lysyl oxidase is a copper metalloprotein whose activity is responsive to and modulated by environmental insults, nutrition deficiencies and the administration of various pharmacological agents. Regarding chemical properties, elastin is one of the most apolar proteins secreted by mammalian cells. Moreover, elastin is one of the most long-lived proteins secreted into the extracellular matrix. In relationship to its processing into elastic fibers and chemical properties, details related to major aspects of elastin metabolism as well as speculation on its potential as a factor in lung development and disease are discussed.
Oil‐absorptive polymeric networks based on dispersed oleophilized nanolayers of laponite within ethylene–propylene–diene monomer vulcanizates (2009)

Abstract Oil‐absorptive polymeric nanocomposites were prepared through the melt blending of soft oleophilic ethylene–propylene–diene monomer and stearyl acrylate as a hydrophobic monomer in the absence and presence of different loadings of untreated and oleophilized laponites with quaternary ammonium salts of n ‐alkylamines of different chain lengths (C10, C12, and C16) with dicumyl peroxide as a vulcanizing agent. The samples were then vulcanized at 152°C according to the determined rheometric characteristics to produce nanocomposite vulcanizates of an exfoliated type with limited cavities as revealed by X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The produced vulcanizates were evaluated as oil‐absorptive polymeric networks and proved to be efficient oil sorbents of moderate activity. The oil absorptivity was examined with respect to the stearyl acrylate grafting, the types of oleophilizing agents of clay in comparison with the bare clay, and the clay loading and crosslink density. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Overexpression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and MMP-3 in Superior Limbic Keratoconjunctivitis (2011)

Overexpression of MMP-1 and -3 was found in surgical specimens and cultured conjunctival fibroblasts from SLK patients. MMP imbalance may contribute to SLK pathogenesis. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00167050.).
An offset compensated and high-gain CMOS current-feedback op-amp (1998)

This work describes a new CMOS current-feedback operational amplifier (CFOA) with an on-chip continuous-time current-mode input offset voltage compensation circuit. The proposed compensation method is based on a combination of two techniques: the error integration and the current feedback. In addition, this method is irrespective of process and temperature parameters because of its fully symmetrical architecture. HSPICE simulations of the designed CMOS CFOA layout show that the input offset voltage could be reduced to lass than 1 mV, and a gain of around 112 dB and a power consumption of less than 3 mW are achievable.