gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Seismic $P$ Phase Picking Using a Kurtosis-Based Criterion in the Stationary Wavelet Domain (2008)

The seismic <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">P</i> phase first arrival identification is a fundamental problem in seismology. The accurate identification of the <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">P</i> -wave first arrival is not a trivial process, particularly when the seismograms present a very low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) or are contaminated with artificial transients that could produce false alarms. In this paper, a new approach based on higher order statistics and the stationary wavelet transform is presented. The <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">P</i> onset is obtained under a statistical criterion applied in the time-frequency domain. The results have been compared to those estimated by another <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">P</i> phase picking algorithm and <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">P</i> onsets picked by expert analysts. The comparison shows that our proposed method efficiently provides a good estimate of the <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">P</i> onset picks that are consistent with analyst picks, particularly in cases of very low SNR.
Divergences in gene repertoire among the reference Prevotella genomes derived from distinct body sites of human (2015)

Prevotella genomes derived from different body sites differ appreciably in gene repertoire, suggesting that these microbiome components might have developed distinct genetic strategies for niche adaptation within the host. Each individual microbe might also have a component of its own genetic machinery for host adaptation, as appeared from the huge number of singletons.
Magnesium and Implications on Muscle Function (2010)

MAGNESIUM (Mg2+) IS ONE OF THE MOST ABUNDANT POSITIVELY CHARGED IONS (CATION) WITHIN THE HUMAN BODY AND HAS BEEN LINKED WITH MUSCULAR, NEURAL, ENZYME, AND CELLULAR PROCESSES. HOWEVER, Mg2+ HAS RECEIVED RELATIVELY LITTLE ACKNOWLEDGMENT COMPARED WITH OTHER CATION PARTICLES SUCH AS CALCIUM OR POTASSIUM. THIS REVIEW AIMS TO INCREASE THE AWARENESS OF COACHES AND ATHLETES REGARDING Mg2+'S PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND FUNCTIONS. THE IMPORTANCE OF THIS CATION, IN TERMS OF MUSCLE CONTRACTION AND ENERGY REGULATION, INCLUDING OTHER RELATED PROCESSES WILL BE EXPLORED. CONSEQUENCES OF Mg2+ DEFICIENCY IN ATHLETIC AND UNTRAINED POPULATIONS WILL ALSO BE DISCUSSED, INCLUDING STRATEGIES TO OPTIMIZE Mg2+ LEVELS.
Self-ownership, communism, and equality: against the Marxist technological fix (1995)

… only then can the narrow horizon of bourgeois right be crossed in its entirety and society inscribe on its banners: From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs!(Karl Marx, Critique of the Gotha Programme)
World Organization. By Eayrhond L. Bridgman. Boston: Grinn & Co.1905. pp. 172. - The Federation of the World. By Benjamin F. Trueblood, LL. D. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Company. 1907. Third edition, pp. 228. (1908)

World Organization. By Eayrhond L. Bridgman. Boston: Grinn & Co. 1905. pp. 172. - The Federation of the World. By Benjamin F. Trueblood, LL. D. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Company. 1907. Third edition, pp. 228. - Volume 2 Issue 3
ON SOME SHAPE AND TOPOLOGY OPTIMIZATION PROBLEMS IN CONDUCTIVE AND CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFERS (2014)

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci-entific research documents, whether they are pub-lished or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et a ̀ la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
<i>Aegilops sharonensis:</i>Origin, genetics, diversity, and potential for wheat improvement (2009)

Aegilops sharonensis Eig (Sharon goatgrass; section Sitopsis) is an annual diploid grass species growing endemically in the coastal plains of Israel and southern Lebanon. It is a wild relative of wheat, with a genome closely related to the B genome of cultivated bread wheat. With the most limited distribution of any species in the genus Aegilops, Ae. sharonensis is rapidly losing its habitats, owing to the combined effects of modern agricultural intensification and expansion of urban and industrial areas. Aegilops sharonensis is known to be a rich source of genes providing resistance to important wheat diseases and abiotic stresses, but it has not been widely exploited. The presence of gametocidal genes that control preferential transmission of chromosome 4S sh increases the difficulty of introgressing genes from Ae. sharonensis into wheat. However, successful introgression of the genes for resistance to leaf rust, stripe rust, and powdery mildew has been achieved. Studies on genetic and phenotypic diversity indicated that Ae. sharonensis is a highly diverse species, comparable with others that have a wider geographic distribution and more variable environments. Targeting the regions and sites with the highest diversity in Ae. sharonensis will facilitate the capture of the greatest variability and also the identification of novel and diverse genes for wheat improvement.
WebMining for Profit: E-Business Optimization (2001)

From the Publisher:
-Appeals to anyone faced with the daunting task of selecting the right personalization product or service
-Provides insight into building sticky and profitable web sites
-Author has provided data mining consulting services to Fortune 100 corporations
-Provides guidance for categorizing available personalization products and services
-Contains information vital to virtually every e-business
WebMining for Profitability provides a central reference to the components, issues, techniques and technologies for aggregating, enhancing, mining, and leveraging web data for personalization and profitability. This is the only book that provides guidance for categorizing the dozens of personalization products and services in the market or assessing their effectiveness. The book has a companion website that will be continuously updated. The site will enable readers to chat, mail sections to colleagues, and register for a newsletter on new profitability products, services, upgrades, announcements, and profitability case studies.
This is a powerful manual for e-businesses on how to achieve profitability by leveraging web analytic tools, techniques, services, and strategies.
Oligonucleotide-directed site-specific mutagenesis in Drosophila melanogaster. (1992)

An efficient technique has been developed for performing in vivo site-directed mutagenesis in Drosophila melanogaster. This procedure involves directed repair of P-element-induced DNA lesions after injection of a modified DNA sequence into early embryos. An oligonucleotide of 50 base pairs, whose sequence spans the P-element insertion site, mediates base replacement in the endogenous gene. Restriction mapping, DNA sequencing, and polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrate that base substitutions present in an injected oligonucleotide are incorporated into genomic sequences flanking a P insertion site in the white gene. This analysis suggests that progeny bearing directed mutations are recovered with a frequency of about 0.5 x 10(-3). Because Drosophila remains a premier organism for the analysis of eukaryotic gene regulation, this system should find strong application in that analysis as well as in the analysis of DNA recombination, conversion, repair, and mutagenesis.
CES-513 Stages for Developing Control Systems using EMG and EEG Signals: A survey (2011)

Bio-signals such as EMG (Electromyography), EEG (Electroencephalography), EOG (Electrooculogram), ECG (Electrocardiogram) have been deployed recently to develop control systems for improving the quality of life of disabled and elderly people. This technical report aims to review the current deployment of these state of the art control systems and explain some challenge issues. In particular, the stages for developing EMG and EEG based control systems are categorized, namely data acquisition, data segmentation, feature extraction, classification, and controller. Some related Bio-control applications are outlined. Finally a brief conclusion is summarized. 1
Design and performance of active coupler for plastic optical fibres (2002)

A simple and successful design of a new active coupler for plastic optical fibres (POF) is presented. It consists of a 2×2 coupler with a PDLC film sandwiched in it, which takes advantage of the electro-optic effect of the PDLC. More than 3 dB of variation can be achieved by applying electric fields below 1.5 V/µm.
Low-temperature thermionic emitters using metal-semiconductor composites (1995)

Small metal particles (10–100 nm in size) buried in semiconductor matrices provide a source of electrons which can be optically or thermally excited into the semiconductor across the metal-semiconductor Schottky barrier. These electrons which are now in the conduction band of the semiconductor have only to surmount the surface barrier of the semiconductor, i.e. the electron affinity EA, in order to escape into vacuum. Since Schottky barriers can be made considerably smaller than the bandgap Eg of most common semiconductors (1–3 eV), the threshold for electron emission into the vacuum is reduced, i.e. (ESchottky+EA)<(Eg+EA). Some preliminary results on Au-CuInSe2 composites provide strong support for these ideas.
Electret transducers: a review (1973)

A review of the history, design, performance, and application of electret transducers is presented. Particular emphasis is placed on foil-electret transducers incorporating a thin-film electret made of Teflon or related materials. Such transducers have excellent frequency response, low distortion, small vibration sensitivity, and have been used over a frequency range extending from 10−3 to 2 × 108 Hz. They can be made in a variety of shapes over a large range of sizes and are generally not affected by adverse environmental conditions. More than 10 million electret transducers are being manufactured annually as microphones with various directivity patterns for use in amateur and studio applications, tape recorders, sound-measuring instruments, telephone-operators' headsets, hearing aids, and acoustic-graphic tablets, and as transducers in earphones and phonograph cartridges. Electret transducers are also used for experimental and research applications in such widely different fields as gas analysis, opto-acoustic spectroscopy, aeronautics, atmospheric studies, telephony, ultrasonics, acoustic holography, data transmission, and leak detection in space stations.
A Realtime Hardware Design for Face Detection (2013)

This paper propose the hardware architecture of face detection hardware system using the AdaBoost algorithm. The proposed structure of face detection hardware system is possible to work in 30frame per second and in real time. And the AdaBoost algorithm is adopted to learn and generate the characteristics of the face data by Matlab, and finally detected the face using this data. This paper describes the face detection hardware structure composed of image scaler, integral image extraction, face comparing, memory interface, data grouper and detected result display. The proposed circuit is so designed to process one point in one cycle that the prosed design can process full HD() image at 70MHz, which is approximate cycle. Furthermore, This paper use the reducing the word length by Overflow to reduce memory size. and the proposed structure for face detection has been designed using Verilog HDL and modified in Mentor Graphics Modelsim. The proposed structure has been work on 45MHz operating frequency and use 74,757 LUT in FPGA Xilinx Virtex-5 XC5LX330.
The spectrum of orthopaedics at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital (2013)

Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital (CHBAH) is the third largest hospital in the world and is the largest in the Southern hemisphere, serving a population of more than 3.5 million people. 1 The purpose of this review is to identify the orthopaedic-related health events that occur within the population being serviced by the hospital, and in doing so provide a tool to be used for improving orthopaedic-related patient care and outcomes in public health services. 2 We also took special interest in the data collected during the 2010 FIFA Soccer World Cup. Method:
Collateral information and Mixed Rasch models (1999)

A simulation study is conducted to evaluate the usefulness of incorporating collateral information in the Mixed Rasch model. The results show that the standard errors as well as latent class membership assignment can benefit substantially from incorporating external variables that associate with the latent class variable. Especially when the dierence in probability
New Strain of <i>Yersinia enterocolitica</i> Pathogenic for Rodents (1973)

A strain of Yersinia enterocolitica, biotype 2, serotype 8, isolated from the blood of a human patient has been found to be highly pathogenic for rodents.
Experience in Global Measles Control, 1990–2001 (2003)

Worldwide during the 1980s remarkable progress was made in controlling measles through increasing routine measles vaccination to nearly 80%. In 2000, an estimated 777,000 measles deaths occurred, of which 452,000 were in the African Region of the World Health Organization (WHO). In 2001, WHO and the United Nations Children's Fund published a 5-year strategic plan to reduce measles mortality by half by 2005. Strategies include providing a second opportunity for measles immunization to all children through nationwide supplementary immunization activities, increasing routine vaccination coverage, and improving surveillance with laboratory confirmation of suspected measles cases. In 2000, over 100 million children received a dose of measles vaccine through supplementary immunization activities, a number projected to increase during 2002-2005. Current systems for monitoring measles vaccination coverage and disease burden must be improved to accurately assess progress toward measles control goals.
Feature selection for machine learning classification problems: a recent overview (2011)

A lot of candidate features are usually provided to a learning algorithm for pro- ducing a complete characterization of the classification task. However, it is often the case that majority of the candidate features are irrelevant or redundant to the learning task, which will deteriorate the performance of the employed learning algorithm and lead to the problem of overfitting. The learning accuracy and training speed may be significantly deteriorated by these superfluous features. So it is of fundamental importance to select the relevant and nec- essary features in the preprocessing step. This paper describes basic feature selection issues
The geographical distribution of certain Hebridean insects and deductions to be made from it (1946)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Heterozygous alpha-I antitrypsin deficiency as a co-factor in the development of chronic liver disease: a review. (2007)

Alpha-I antitrypsin (AIAT) is an acute-phase protein that is produced in liver cells. AIAT deficiency is a hereditary disease which is defined by the hepatic production of an abnormal protein that can not be released into the plasma. This leads to deficiency of plasma AIAT and subsequently to an impaired protection against proteases, resulting in pulmonary disease. Accumulation of the abnormal protein in hepatocytes can lead to liver damage. Serum level measurement, phenotyping and liver biopsy can be used for establishing the diagnosis. Homozygous AIAT deficiency can cause neonatal hepatitis; in adults end-stage liver disease, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma can develop. There are strong arguments to consider heterozygous AIAT deficiency as an important co-factor in the aetiology of chronic liver disease. Studies have shown that AIAT heterozygosity can be considered a modifier for hepatitis C virus, end-stage liver disease, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The accumulation of AIAT in the hepatocytes occurs more profoundly in a diseased liver, and as a consequence it affects the natural course of the liver disease. Therapeutic options include augmentation therapy (infusion of purified human plasma AIAT) in pulmonary disease; in end-stage liver disease liver transplantation is an option. For the future, other interventions such as gene therapy or strategies to inhibit polymerisation are promising.
Ponesimod, a selective S1P1 receptor modulator: a potential treatment for multiple sclerosis and other immune-mediated diseases (2016)

The first oral treatment for relapsing multiple sclerosis, the nonselective sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor (S1PR) modulator fingolimod, led to identification of a pivotal role of sphingosine-1-phosphate and one of its five known receptors, S1P1R, in regulation of lymphocyte trafficking in multiple sclerosis. Modulation of S1P3R, initially thought to cause some of fingolimod's side effects, prompted the search for novel compounds with high selectivity for S1P1R. Ponesimod is an orally active, selective S1P1R modulator that causes dose-dependent sequestration of lymphocytes in lymphoid organs. In contrast to the long half-life/slow elimination of fingolimod, ponesimod is eliminated within 1 week of discontinuation and its pharmacological effects are rapidly reversible. Clinical data in multiple sclerosis have shown a dose-dependent therapeutic effect of ponesimod and defined 20 mg as a daily dose with desired efficacy, and acceptable safety and tolerability. Phase II clinical data have also shown therapeutic efficacy of ponesimod in psoriasis. These findings have increased our understanding of psoriasis pathogenesis and suggest clinical utility of S1P1R modulation for treatment of various immune-mediated disorders. A gradual dose titration regimen was found to minimize the cardiac effects associated with initiation of ponesimod treatment. Selectivity for S1P1R, rapid onset and reversibility of pharmacological effects, and an optimized titration regimen differentiate ponesimod from fingolimod, and may lead to better safety and tolerability. Ponesimod is currently in phase III clinical development to assess efficacy and safety in relapsing multiple sclerosis. A phase II study is also ongoing to investigate the potential utility of ponesimod in chronic graft versus host disease.
DECONGESTING NEW YORK (2003)

SUBTITLE: PORT AUTHORITY BEGINS NEW HUB-AND-SPOKE INTERMODAL NETWORK TO INCREASE BARGE, RAIL USE.
Architecture of retinal projections to the central circadian pacemaker (2016)

The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) receives direct retinal input from the intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) for circadian photoentrainment. Interestingly, the SCN is the only brain region that receives equal inputs from the left and right eyes. Despite morphological assessments showing that axonal fibers originating from ipRGCs cover the entire SCN, physiological evidence suggests that only vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)/gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) cells located ventrally in the SCN receive retinal input. It is still unclear, therefore, which subpopulation of SCN neurons receives synaptic input from the retina and how the SCN receives equal inputs from both eyes. Here, using single ipRGC axonal tracing and a confocal microscopic analysis in mice, we show that ipRGCs have elaborate innervation patterns throughout the entire SCN. Unlike conventional retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) that innervate visual targets either ipsilaterally or contralaterally, a single ipRGC can bilaterally innervate the SCN. ipRGCs form synaptic contacts with major peptidergic cells of the SCN, including VIP, GRP, and arginine vasopressin (AVP) neurons, with each ipRGC innervating specific subdomains of the SCN. Furthermore, a single SCN-projecting ipRGC can send collateral inputs to many other brain regions. However, the size and complexity of the axonal arborizations in non-SCN regions are less elaborate than those in the SCN. Our results provide a better understanding of how retinal neurons connect to the central circadian pacemaker to synchronize endogenous circadian clocks with the solar day.
Capronor--a biodegradable delivery system for levonorgestrel. (1984)

Capronor is a biodegradable polymer system for the sustained subdermal delivery of contraceptive steroids. The polyesters as a class are very attractive for in vivo use partly because of their long history of use and partly because of the lack of toxicity of polylactic acid polyglycolic acid and copolymers as biodegradable sutures. Poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) was selected to test because of its availability permeability biodegradability and biocompatability PCL is conveniently prepared by ring-opening polymerization of neat epsilon-caprolactone catalyzed by stannous octoate (200-1000 ppm) at 140 degrees Centigrade. The permeability of PCL to a number of different steroids has been quantitated by determining the diffusion coefficients using a standard cell and measuring lagtimes or the steady-state diffusion rate. The solubility of the steroid in the polymer was determined from the product of the aqueous solubility and the partition coefficient. The biodegradation of PCL polylactic acid and their copolymers is characterized by a long induction period before weight loss. On subdermal implantation there is a continual decrease in the molecular weight of the polymer resulting from cleavage of the ester linkages. The first phase of PCLs biodegradation is consistent with a mechanism that involves random chain scission by hydrolytic cleavage of ester groups. The second stage of the ciodegradation process has been examined by implanting tritium-labeled PCL that has been predegraded under accelerated in vitro conditions to a molecular weight of 3000 in rats. The observation of substantial induction periods before bioerosion coupled with the high permeability of PCL and its copolymers opens the way for developing reservoir devices (capsules) that provide sustained and constant drug release by a diffusion mechanism and that erode only after the drug has been exhausted. A 90 day toxicology trial in female rats and guinea pigs revealed no toxic effects associated with subdermal Capronor. 2 limited clinical trials of Capronor have been conducted 1 at Duke University Medical Center and a World Health Organization study in London Bangkok and Rome. Only the Duke study in complete. No side effects beyond the usual ones associated with minidoses of a progestogen were found--for example mood swings mild breast tenderness and increased appetite. No subjects had intermenstrual bleeding but test cycles were shorter than preceding cycles. Wide variations in serum levels of levonorgestrel existed; ovulation suppression occurred at a plasma level of 300 pg/ml or greater. (authors modified)