gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
P183 Urea induced ros accelerate renal failure progression (2017)

<h3>Background and aims</h3> Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children is an irreversible process that may lead to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Uremic toxins have been suggested to promote progression of chronic renal failure. Urea has been long considered to have negligible toxicity in patients with CKD. In contrast, a consistent number of <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> studies have recently shown a direct toxicity of urea. Here we investigate the hypothesis that concentrations of urea associated with CKD and increased ROS production in adipocytes and endothelial cells might also increase ROS production directly in human podocytes, causing abnormalities which promote the progression of kidney damages <h3>Methods</h3> Human conditionally immortalised podocytes were cultured in the presence or absence of 20 mM urea. <h3>Results</h3> Urea at concentrations usually seen in CKD, induce mitochondrial ROS production in cultured human podocytes, leading to cellular dysfunctions typically seen in the CKD progression. Urea induced ROS decrease nephrin and podocine expression (markers of renal function), increase p65 and MCP-1 expression (markers of inflammation), and increase the intracellular lipid synthesis, as shown by the increased expression and activity of the transcription factor SERBP1. Normalisation of mitochondrial ROS production prevents each of these effects of urea. In uremic mice, treatment with MnTBAP prevents the progression of renal failure. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Taken together, these data suggest that urea itself contributes to the progression of renal failure Since urea’s effects are caused by its capacity to induce mitochondrial ROS production, reduction in the high morbidity and mortality caused by ESRD may be achieved by novel therapeutics that directly target urea-induced ROS.
Politics and Power in Cambodia: the Sihanouk Years. By Milton Osborne. Melbourne: Longmans Australia, 1973. 120 pp., notes, index, map. n.p.l. (1974)

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An Account of the Structure of a Nævus (1847)

THE nevus, the minute structure of which I am about to describe, was given to me by my friend Mr. Curling.It was situated upon the back of the hand of a young man, just below the carpal extremity of the ulna.The man stated that it had existed from birth.It was about the size of half- a-crown, soft, and of a bluish tint.In its centre the skin was thin.The veins on the back of the hand were rather larger than usual.It belonged to that class of naevi termed subcutaneous.The entire mass of the abnormal growth was removed by excision, and the bleeding was very triflig.Two small arteries required ligatures.The following elements composed the growth, viz.:1. Areolar, uniting, or fibrous tissue. 2. Epithelium.3. Capillary vessels and vessels of larger calibre.1. Of the Ftbrous Tissue.The mass, before careful dissection, presented an irregular growth, apparently lobulated, consisting of fibrous tissue VOL.XXX.o
Effects of Species of Non-meltable and Meltable Materials and Their Physical Properties on Granulatability in Tumbling Melt Granulation Method. (1997)

Factors affecting granulatabilities in the tumbling melt granulation (TMG) method for the preparation of spherical beads without using any solvent were investigated. Beads of ten kinds of non-meltable materials were prepared using hydrogenated rape oil (HRO) as binder by changing the mixing ratio of the meltable material (XM), and the recovery percent (Rec%) and yield percent (Ysc%) of the non-agglomerated core beads were evaluated. In all the powders, both Rec% and Ysc% were excellent with choice of the optimum mixing ratio (Xop), suggesting the great advantage of this method. The values of liquid saturation of the coated layer (φ) at Xop were calculated as around 0.4 in bisbentiamine, cornstarch, lactose, talc, titanium dioxide, and zinc oxide; and around 0.6 in the four cellulose derivatives. The high values in cellulose derivatives could be due to the penetration of the meltable materials into these powders. Thus, Xop seemed to be determined in ordinary powders by choosing XM which would give the φ value of 0.4. The granulatability became worse as the viscosity of the meltable material increased, but the wettability evaluated by the liquid penetration method did not have much effect on the granulatability, in contrast with the wet granulation. From these results, the difference in the granulating mechanism between TMG and wet granulation was discussed.
Improving PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; retrievals in the San Joaquin Valley using A-Train Multi-Satellite Observations (2011)

Abstract. This paper demonstrates the use of a combination of multi-platform satellite observations and statistical data analysis to dramatically improve the correlation between satellite observed aerosol optical depth (AOD) and ground-level retrieved PM2.5. The target area is California's San Joaquin Valley which has a history of poor particulate air quality and where such correlations have not yielded good results. We have used MODIS AOD, OMI AOD, AAOD (absorption aerosol optical depth) and NO2 concentration, and a seasonal parameter in a generalized additive model (GAM) to improve retrieved/observed PM2.5 correlations (r2 at six individual sites and for a data set combining all sites. For the combined data set using the GAM, r2 improved to 0.69 compared with an r2 of 0.27 for a simple linear regression of MODIS AOD to surface PM. Parameter sensitivities and the effect of multi-platform data on the sample size are discussed. Particularly noteworthy is the fact that the PM retrieved using the GAM captures many of the PM exceedences that were not seen in the simple linear regression model.
?Cool low power? 1GHz multi-port register file and dynamic latch in 1.8 V, 0.25 μm SOI and bulk technology (poster session) (2000)

This paper describes power analysis at sub-zero temperatures for a high performance dynamic multiport register file (6 Read and 2 Write ports, 32 wordlines x 64 bitlines) fabricated in 0.25 μm Silicon on Insulator (SOI) and bulk technologies. Based on the hardware it is shown that the performance of both register file and latch improves by 2-3.5% per 10§ C reduction in temperature. The standby power for SOI reduces by 1.5% to 3 per 10§ C temperature drop down to -30§ C. The SOI chip is shown to have more significant performance improvement at low temperatures compared to bulk chip due to the floating body effect which partially offsets the increase in the threshold voltages (Vt). The low temperature performance gain is attributed to reduction in capacitance (around 7-8%) and rest is due to dynamic threshold voltages. At 30§ C the register file is capable of functioning close to 1.02 GHz for read and write operations in a single cycle.
A new mechanism of estrogen action in prostate cancer: Inhibition of tissue androgen production and prostate cancer growth by Estradiol in androgen independent prostate cancer xenografts (2007)

15509 Background: Estrogens are effective agents in treating prostate cancer in patients in which serum androgens are already at ‘castrate‘ or anorchid levels. The mechanisms whereby estrogens inhibit ‘androgen-independent‘ prostate cancer are unclear. Methods: The androgen-independent human prostate cancer xenograft LuCaP 35V was implanted into orchiectomized male SCID mice and established tumors were treated with placebo pellets, 17β-estradiol (E2) slow-release pellets or E2 with the estrogen receptor antagonist ICI 182,780 as previously described (Clin Cancer Res 8:1003). Effects of E2 on tumor growth and tissue testosterone (T) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) levels were evaluated by radioimmunoassay. Results: E2 significantly inhibited growth of androgen-independent LuCaP35V ( ∼35% inhibition at 4 weeks, p=0.0047, and increased survival of tumor bearing animals, (p trend =0.03) . The estrogen receptor antagonist ICI 182,780 did not block E2 inhibition of tumor growth, suggesting a receptor independent mechanism of tumor suppression. We then examined the effect of E2 on tissue T and DHT. E2 suppressed levels of tumor T and DHT in treated tumors. Tissue androgens in placebo treated LuCaP35V xenografts were; T=1.21 (± 0.18) pg/mg and DHT=3.54 (±1.07) pg/mg, and in E2-treated LuCaP35V T=0.23 (±0.09) pg/mg and DHT =0.44 (±0.14) pg/mg, (p<0.001). Levels of T and DHT in control liver tissue from both placebo and E2-treated animals were equivalent, at less than 0.2 pg/mg. Conclusions: We have shown that E2 inhibits growth of the androgen- independent human prostate cancer xenograft LuCaP35V, and that this inhibition is estrogen receptor independent. E2 significantly suppressed tumor tissue T and DHT suggesting a new mechanism of E2 mediated growth inhibition of androgen independent prostate cancer, potentially through inhibition of tumoral steroidogenesis. This model of ‘intracrine‘ tumor androgen production can be used to evaluate other inhibitors of tissue steroidogenesis. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Process Intensification in Photocatalytic Degradation of Phenol (2012)

status: Published
VISCOSITY OF FUSED MIXTURES OF SODIUM FLUORIDE, BERYLLIUM FLUORIDE, AND URANIUM FLUORIDE (1956)

The viscosity of mixtures in the ternary system sodium fluoride-- beryllium fluoride--uranium fluoride was investigated over the temperature range from 900 to 450 deg C, or to the liquidus point on compositions having a liquidus below 850 deg C and high vapor pressure. The results are given in tabular and graphic form. (auth)
Novel stable chiral nematic (cholesteric) liquid crystals (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNovel stable chiral nematic (cholesteric) liquid crystalsBruce H. Klanderman and Thomas R. CriswellCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 6, 1585–1586Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00839a057https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00839a057research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views131Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Persistent Photoconductivity under Atmospheric Pressure in Uniformly Doped n-GaAs Prepared by Intermittent Injection of (CH[sub 3])[sub 3]Ga/AsH[sub 3] (2001)

The persistent photoconductivity (PPC) of undoped low temperature (LT) grown GaAs has been investigated by temperature-dependent resistance measurements. The PPC phenomenon has been observed under atmospheric pressure in uniformly doped n-GaAs for the first time. It is shown that the recovery temperature is 230 K, and four distinct peaks appear in the PPC spectrum. From the results of secondary ion mass spectroscopy and X-ray multicrystal diffractometry analysis, it is considered that the LT-GaAs layers contain arsenic precipitates or related defects, and that the PPC phenomenon is associated with excess arsenic-related defects in the layers. © 2001 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Zirconium Oxide-Based Compound as New Cathode Without Platinum Group Metals for PEFC (2010)

Partially oxidized zirconium carbonitride (Zr-CNO) powders were evaluated as a nonprecious metal cathode for polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs). Zr-CNO powders were prepared from zirconium carbonitrides with heat-treatment under containing 2% and 0.25% gas at . Voltammetry was performed to evaluate the catalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) under nitrogen and oxygen in at . Although the onset potential of the ORR for untreated was 0.55 V vs a reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), the onset potential of the appropriate oxidized Zr-CNO reached 0.97 V vs RHE. X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data suggested that the surface of Zr-CNO was oxidized to , and remained in the inner part of the Zr-CNO particles.
Can self-healing software cope with loitering? (2007)

Garbage collectors automatically free memory previously allocated by applications. Generally, they discard unreachable objects from memory, leaving reachable objects intact. However, object reachability does not necessarily imply usability, as an object may be obsolete and still reachable. Such objects are usually referred to as loitering objects. Loitering objects introduce a form of memory leak in a Java application. Predicting, tracing and eliminating loitering objects is a difficult problem. In this paper we address this problem. We present a self-healing approach for dealing with loitering objects. Specifically, the paper proposes an algorithm that can be integrated within the Java garbage collector. The algorithm prevents memory leaks resulting from loitering objects by "paging" suspected live objects to disk and reloading them if they are required. As a proof-of-concept, we have implemented and validated the algorithm for the Java Virtual Machine. This could be a first step towards genuine self-healing of memory management problems.
Status of joint reconstruction in the aged (1989)

Assistant Professor Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Northwestern University Medical School Chicago, Illinois
THE CHARGE TRANSFER COMPLEX BETWEEN β-CAROTENE AND IODINE. I. SYNTHESIS AND OPTICAL SPECTRA (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE CHARGE TRANSFER COMPLEX BETWEEN β-CAROTENE AND IODINE. I. SYNTHESIS AND OPTICAL SPECTRAJ. H. Lupinski and C. M. HugginsCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1962, 66, 11, 2221–2223Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100817a035https://doi.org/10.1021/j100817a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views63Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Field Deployment of a Large-Scale WSN for Parking Management System (2010)

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Lithium Aluminum Hydride Reduction of Pyridine Carboxylic Esters: Synthesis of Vitamin B<sub>6</sub> (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLithium Aluminum Hydride Reduction of Pyridine Carboxylic Esters: Synthesis of Vitamin B6Reuben G. Jones and Edmund C. KornfeldCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1951, 73, 1, 107–109Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01145a040https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01145a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views850Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Studies of KF‐Alumina‐Catalyzed Reaction of Substituted and Unsubstituted Aryl‐Oxoketene Dithioacetals and 1H‐Pyrazone‐5(4H)‐one: A Convenient Synthesis of Pyrazolo[3,4‐b]pyridine and Pyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidine (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Contraceptive history and risk of cancer of the female reproductive organs: the realities of today (literature review) (2021)

In modern conditions, an increasing number of women resort to the use of hormonal contraception drugs, and their number is constantly increasing, but systematic studies on the possible role of hormonal contraceptives as independent triggers or cofactors of the development of oncological diseases of the reproductive system are currently few, which does not allow us to draw objective conclusions. In this paper, we analyzed global data on the risks and frequency of detected oncopathology of the reproductive organs, taking into account the contraceptive history of women.
Goodness-of-Fit in Optimizing Models (1990)

Conventional econometric tests of optimizing models typically involve embedding the optimizing model in a parametric specification and then examining the parametric restrictions imposed by the optimization hypothesis. The optimization hypothesis is rejected if the estimated parameters are significantly different, in the statistical sense, from the values implied by optimization. I argue that a more fruitful approach to testing optimizing behavior is to measure the departure from optimization using the estimated objective function, and see whether this departure is significant in an economic sense. I discuss procedures for doing this that can be used in several sorts of optimizing models, and give a detailed illustration in the case of aggregate demand estimation.
Observation of Sub-femtosecond Polarization Beats Using Twin Noisy Driving Fields (2008)

We study the phase-conjugate polarization interference in a V-type three-level system and obtain an analytic closed form for the second-order stochastic correlation of sum-frequency polarization beat. In our Na vapour atomic system pumped by laser pulse of nanosecond timescale duration, we experimentally demonstrate an ultrafast modulation of the four-wave mixing signal intensity with a sub-femtosecond timescale period, corresponding to the sum-frequency of the resonant transitions from 3S1/2 to 3P1/2 and 3P3/2.
[Comparison of fetal circulatory responses during maternal bleeding and fetal bleeding]. (1996)

The purpose of this study was to compare the fetal circulatory responses during maternal hemorrhage and fetal hemorrhage. Four pregnant goats, gestational age 131 +/- 7 days for the fetal hemorrhage and 5 goats, 132 +/- 2 days (term 145 days) for the maternal hemorrhage were used. The amounts of hemorrhage were 700ml per 2 hours for the maternal hemorrhage and 40ml per 2 hours for the fetal hemorrhage. Although fetal arterial pH decreased during both hemorrhages, fetal arterial pO2 increased during the fetal hemorrhage and decreased in the maternal hemorrhage. The fetal arginine vasopressin concentration and plasma renin activity increased during both hemorrhages, but the rates of change in the hormone concentrations were higher during the fetal hemorrhage. The fetal aldosterone concentration decreased during maternal hemorrhage but increased during fetal hemorrhage. FAP increased and FHR decreased during maternal hemorrhage. FAP and FHR were significantly correlated to the AVP concentration. These relationships were not found during fetal hemorrhage. We therefore concluded that fetal responses were completely different in pO2, FAP and FHR during the maternal and fetal hemorrhages.
ChemInform Abstract: AMINO ACIDS AND PEPTIDES. CLVII. ANALOGS OF OXYTOCIN WITH ESTERS OF GLUTAMIC ACID INSTEAD OF GLUTAMINE IN POSITION 4: SYNTHESIS OF A COMPOUND WITH HIGH AND SPECIFIC GALACTOGOGIC ACTIVITY (1979)

Abstract Durch Alkylierung des bekannten Oxytocin‐Analogen (I) mit den Diazoalkanen (II) werden die Ester (III) dargestellt; alternativ kann (IIIa) auch mit Methanol/DCC oder SOCl 2 /Methanol oder durch Umsetzung des Cs‐Salzes von (I) mit Methyliodid erhalten werden.
Depth profiling of B through silicide on silicon structures, using secondary ion-mass spectrometry and resonant postionization mass spectrometry (1996)

This article presents a comparison of Cameca IMS 4f secondary ion-mass spectrometry (SIMS) measurements and resonant postionization mass spectrometry (RIMS) measurements of boron depth profiles in silicide/silicon samples (mainly CoSi2/Si). The emphasis of the comparison was on the shape of the profiles obtained with both techniques. For the SIMS data, we used a quantification procedure including a correction for sensitivity differences in both matrices. The RIMS sensitivity in CoSi2, TiSi2, and Si was explicitly compared using special test samples and shown to be identical to within 15%. Finally, we present preliminary results of the application of SIMS and RIMS to a number of CoSi2/Si samples with an unknown B profile. After application of the correction procedures, both techniques appear to produce nearly identical profile shapes in case of polycrystalline CoSi2 samples. For epitaxially grown crystalline CoSi2, however, differences sometimes remain, depending on the temperature of the second silicidation anneal used. Absolute quantification of the RIMS profiles could be achieved through the use of an internal implantation standard.
Raman scattering in semiconductor structures based on monophthalocyanine and triphthalocyanine molecules incorporating erbium ions (2007)

Semiconductor structures of the type of butyl-substituted erbium monophthalocyanine and triphthalocyanine are studied by Raman spectroscopy. It is shown that, when the sandwich-like structure of the molecule incorporating two complexing atoms between the ligands is considered instead of the planar molecular structure with one ligand and one metal atom, a series of lines appears in the Raman spectrum. In this series, the wave numbers of the lines represent an arithmetic progression with the arithmetical ratio ∼80 cm−1. It is suggested that this feature is due to the larger number of organic molecules per metal atom in the triphthalocyanine complex, and the four Raman peaks at the frequencies 122, 208, 280, and 362 cm−1 are the manifestation of slight out-of-plane vibrations of the phthalocyanine ligands.