gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bulb Tube Assembly for Vacuum Distillation (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBulb Tube Assembly for Vacuum DistillationAnthony W. SchreckerCite this: Anal. Chem. 1957, 29, 7, 1113–1114Publication Date (Print):June 21, 1957Publication History Published online19 March 2003Published inissue 21 June 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60127a601https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60127a601research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views30Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Simulation Research of Nonbinary LDPC Code Based on Finite Fields (2009)

The encoding and decoding of binary LDPC codes are expanded using characteristics of the Finite Fields concept, a nonbinary LDPC code encoding and decoding method based on the Finite Fields are investigated and the computational complexity of this algorithm is estimated, providing a foundation for the practical applications of this method. Then this algorithm is compared with the binary algorithm. The results show that its performance is superior to the binary BP iterative algorithm. Finally, the effects of the relevant factors such as the number of iterations selected, the structure of the check matrix etc on the algorithm performance were analyzed.
AQUATIC PHYCOMYCETES OF LILY LAKE UTAH (1972)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Control of dopants/modifiers in differential mobility spectrometry using a piezoelectric injector (2012)

A piezoelectric injector has been interfaced to a differential mobility spectrometer to enable fast and reversible control of dopant/transport-gas modifier levels within the reaction region of the instrument. Operating at 1 Hz with optimised bipolar waveforms for the piezoelectric injector and gas flows within the injector, steady-state 2-butanol mass fluxes of 21 to 1230 ng min(-1) and 1-bromohexane mass fluxes of 149 to 2644 ng min(-1) were delivered to the differential mobility cell. Control of split-flow and transport-gas flow rates enabled rapid and flexible control of the dopant concentrations. The system was consistently reproducible with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 7.9% at every mass- flux level studied. Stable responses were achieved between 3 to 5 s following a change in the control levels and no significant hysteresis effects were observed. In the positive mode it was possible to control the extent of formation protonated monomer and proton bound cluster ions, tentatively assigned to{C(4)H(9)OH(H(2)O)(n)H}(+) and {(C(4)H(9)OH)(2)(H(2)O)(n)H}(+) and similar control was possible in the negative mode where the concentration relationship for the formation of bromide clusters indicated the presence of multiple ionisation mechanisms. A dopant formulation for the simultaneous control of ions in both the positive and negative modes was demonstrated by the injection of a 50%/50% v/v solution of 2-butanol/1-bromohexane with mass fluxes of 2-butanol in the mixture of between 11 and 1161 ng min(-1) and between 13 and 1325 ng min(-1) for 1-bromohexane.
Hypothesis: A History of Hypothyroidism or a Family History of Pernicious Anaemia are useful in identifying Masked Pernicious Anaemia in Elderly Patients with Microcytic Hypochromic Anaemia (1989)

Of 2200 consecutive patients admitted to an acute geriatric unit, 58 had microcytic hypochromic anaemia. Twenty of these (34%) had serum vitamin B12 below the normal range. Eleven (19%) had malabsorption of vitamin B12 in eight of whom (14%) this was due to pernicious anaemia (PA). This study re-emphasizes the need for screening for PA in patients with microcytic hypochromic anaemia, particularly those with a family history or who have recognized associated diseases.
Inactivation of herpes simplex virus type 1 & adenovirus type 5 by direct electric current at a biocompatible level in vitro. (2011)

DC at a biocompatible level showed the competency to inactivate the viruses in the solution completely. So it is a useful tool for designing a noninvasive method for decontamination of biological or synthetic fluids. This method or derivation can be considered as an easy, fast, and economical method for fluid decontamination.
<i>In Vitro</i> Susceptibility of the Relapsing-Fever Spirochete Borrelia miyamotoi to Antimicrobial Agents (2017)

Hard-tick-borne relapsing fever (HTBRF) is an emerging infectious disease throughout the temperate zone caused by the relapsing-fever spirochete <i>Borrelia miyamotoi</i> Antibiotic treatment of HTBRF is empirically based on the treatment of Lyme borreliosis; however, the antibiotic susceptibility of <i>B. miyamotoi</i> has not been studied to date. Thus, we set out to determine the <i>in vitro</i> antimicrobial susceptibility of <i>B.</i><i>miyamotoi</i> A microdilution method with 96-well microtiter plates was used to determine the antibiotic susceptibilities of two <i>B.</i><i>miyamotoi</i> strains isolated on two different continents (Asia and North America), two <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i><i>sensu lato</i> strains, and one <i>Borrelia hermsii</i> isolate for purposes of comparison. The MIC and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by both microscopy and colorimetric assays. We were able to show that relative to the <i>B. burgdorferi sensu lato</i> isolates, both <i>B.</i><i>miyamotoi</i> strains and <i>B. hermsii</i> demonstrated greater susceptibility to doxycycline and azithromycin, equal susceptibility to ceftriaxone, and resistance to amoxicillin <i>in vitro</i> The MIC and MBC of amoxicillin for <i>B. miyamotoi</i> evaluated by microscopy were 16 to 32 mg/liter and 32 to 128 mg/liter, respectively. Since <i>B. miyamotoi</i> is susceptible to doxycycline, azithromycin, and ceftriaxone <i>in vitro</i>, our data suggest that these antibiotics can be used for the treatment of HTBRF. Oral amoxicillin is currently used as an alternative for the treatment of HTBRF; however, since we found that the <i>B. miyamotoi</i> strains tested were resistant to amoxicillin <i>in vitro</i>, this issue warrants further study.
Review of harmful gastrointestinal effects of carrageenan in animal experiments. (2001)

In this article I review the association between exposure to carrageenan and the occurrence of colonic ulcerations and gastrointestinal neoplasms in animal models. Although the International Agency for Research on Cancer in 1982 identified sufficient evidence for the carcinogenicity of degraded carrageenan in animals to regard it as posing a carcinogenic risk to humans, carrageenan is still used widely as a thickener, stabilizer, and texturizer in a variety of processed foods prevalent in the Western diet. I reviewed experimental data pertaining to carrageenan's effects with particular attention to the occurrence of ulcerations and neoplasms in association with exposure to carrageenan. In addition, I reviewed from established sources mechanisms for production of degraded carrageenan from undegraded or native carrageenan and data with regard to carrageenan intake. Review of these data demonstrated that exposure to undegraded as well as to degraded carrageenan was associated with the occurrence of intestinal ulcerations and neoplasms. This association may be attributed to contamination of undegraded carrageenan by components of low molecular weight, spontaneous metabolism of undegraded carrageenan by acid hydrolysis under conditions of normal digestion, or the interactions with intestinal bacteria. Although in 1972, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration considered restricting dietary carrageenan to an average molecular weight > 100,000, this resolution did not prevail, and no subsequent regulation has restricted use. Because of the acknowledged carcinogenic properties of degraded carrageenan in animal models and the cancer-promoting effects of undegraded carrageenan in experimental models, the widespread use of carrageenan in the Western diet should be reconsidered.
Chaperonins and the immune response. (1990)

Chaperonins are a major target of the immune response to bacteria. Infection, or immunization, with bacteria induces a strong antibody response to chaperonins, and the same proteins also provide a focus for activation of T lymphocyte subsets--including CD4, CD8 and gamma-delta T cells. The high degree of sequence conservation between prokaryotic and eukaryotic chaperonins makes them candidate antigens for models of autoimmunity based on molecular mimicry, and it is possible that the immune response to chaperonins has both protective and pathogenic potential. The interactions between chaperonins and the immune response are reviewed in this article, primarily from the perspective of intracellular bacterial infection.
Effects of platelet activating factor on contractile force and<sup>45</sup>Ca fluxes in guinea‐pig isolated atria (1990)

1. The effects of platelet activating factor (PAF) were studied on the electromechanical properties and 45Ca2+ fluxes of guinea-pig isolated atria. 2 Both in spontaneously beating and electrically driven atria, PAF (10(-12)-10(-7) M) increased atrial rate but produced a biphasic effect on contractile force. At low concentrations (up to 10(-10) M) it produced a positive inotropic effect, while at higher concentrations PAF exerted a negative inotropic effect. A similar biphasic effect was observed in the slow contractions elicited by isoprenaline in K(+)-depolarized atrial fibres. 3. The positive inotropic effect of PAF was prevented by verapamil, whereas pretreatment of atria with propranolol, phentolamine, indomethacin or atropine did not modify its positive and negative inotropic actions. BN 52021, a specific PAF antagonist, abolished both the positive and negative inotropic effects. 4. PAF had no effect on the characteristics of the action potentials recorded in either normally polarized or K(+)-depolarized (slow action potential) atrial fibres. 5. At concentrations at which it increased contractile force, PAF potentiated the contractile responses to Ca2+ (0.9-9 mM), whereas at negative inotropic concentrations it inhibited them. The negative inotropic effect of PAF was partially reversed in 70% Na+ medium. 6. At 10(-11) M, PAF increased 45Ca2+ uptake and reduced the rate coefficient (kcm) for the 45Ca2+ efflux. This increase in 45Ca2+ uptake was abolished in atria pretreated with verapamil or BN 52021. However, 10(-7) M PAF modified neither 45Ca2+ uptake nor efflux in atrial muscle. 7. These results suggest that in guinea-pig atria the biphasic inotropic effects of PAF cannot be explained through modifications in the slow inward Ca2+ current or in Na'-Ca2+ exchange, but may be related to changes in trans-sarcolemmal Ca2 + entry mediated by specific PAF receptors.
Something Ventured: Something Gained: Progress Toward a Unified Theory of Fertility Decline (1999)

. This is the latest revision of a paper presented at the Chaire Quetelet 1997, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium, 26-28 November 1997. It differs in a few small respects from the versionsubmitted for publication. The work on which it is based has been supported by the CanadianSocial Sciences and Humanities Research Council, grant #410-96-1303.
Effects of Stress and Plastic Deformation on the Corrosion of Steel (1970)

The rate and type of corrosion exhibited by mild steel in the annealed, stressed, and plastically deformed state have been investigated. Precise electrochemical techniques provided potential and polarization data to supplement the results of chemical corrosion tests. Experiments were conducted in 0.6M NH4NO3 solutions in which steel exhibits active-passive dissolution behavior as well as localized corrosion. At active potentials, the anodic polarization curves for annealed and deformed specimens were nearly identical, with only slight increases in current densities for the deformed steel. Results at passive potentials demonstrated that increased plastic deformation can markedly decrease the passive potential range, the stability of passivity, and the ability to passivate. At certain passive potentials, the deformed steel exhibited current densities that were 400 times greater than those for annealed steel. The effects of pH, chloride ions, and crevices on the corrosion of deformed steel were examined in detail. The differences between the dissolution behavior of annealed and deformed steel were most distinctive in the approximate pH range of 3 to 6. This work is relevant to the understanding of the initiation of localized corrosion and to anodic protection.
Trends in onset detection (2011)

Onset detection is the basis for several high-level musical processing tasks such as Beat Tracking, Chord Estimation or Music Genre Classification. In this paper, the complete process that leads from the "raw signal" to onset detection is described. The most important onset detection methods are reviewed, explained and organized in categories, according to the properties of their reduction functions: time domain reduction functions, spectral domain reduction functions, probabilistic reduction functions, pitch-based onset detection techniques and data-driven reduction functions. We also discuss the applications of onset detection to Human-Computer Interaction, more properly on the change of paradigm provided by the new Music Visualization and Browsing methods.
Diode-pumped continuous-wave widely tunable optical parametric oscillator based on periodically poled lithium tantalate (1998)

We report on a diode-laser pumped cw optical parametric oscillator (OPO) based on quasi-phase-matched periodically poled lithium tantalate. Pumped by the 2.3-W single-frequency, nearly diffraction-limited 925-nm output of an InGaAs diode master-oscillator power amplifier, the pump and signal resonant OPO generates a single-frequency idler wave with an output of as much as 244 mW. The wavelengths of the signal and idler waves are widely tunable in the range 1.55-2.3mum by use of different poling periods (27.3 to 27.9mum) and by variation of the crystal temperature in the range 70-190 degrees C.
Microbiological Transformation of Steroid. VIII. 1-Dehydrogenation of Steroid by Fungi. (1961)

1-Dehydro compounds were obtained from deoxycorticosterone, Reichstein's compound S, corticosterone, and cortisone by their fermentation with Gliocladium roseum, Helminthosporium turcicum, or Ophiobolus heterostropus.
Maxillary sinus augmentation model in rabbits: effect of occluded nasal ostium on new bone formation (2002)

This study was undertaken to establish an experimental model for maxillary sinus augmentation in rabbits and to clarify the bone response to the occluded nasal ostium. In rabbits without ostial occlusion, the elevation of the sinus mucosa resulted in formation of a subantral hollow space filled with blood clots and granulation tissue 1 week after operation. The newly formed bone filled in the space had a central granulation tissue. The space was almost completely replaced by a normal sinus airspace after 3 weeks. In rabbits with ostial occlusion, a fully formed bone mass was seen after 3 weeks. The mass had both mature trabeculae and peripheral cortical bone containing no sinus airspace after 6 weeks. This animal model for maxillary sinus augmentation may improve our understanding of the bone formation procedure in humans and delineate how sinus air pressure caused by the occluded nasal ostium affects the quantity and fate of newly formed bone.
Can Autism Be Diagnosed Accurately in Children Under 3 Years? (1999)

This study investigated the reliability and stability of an autism diagnosis in children under 3 years of age who received independent diagnostic evaluations from two clinicians during two consecutive yearly evaluations. Strong evidence for the reliability and stability of the diagnosis was obtained. Diagnostic agreement between clinicians was higher for the broader discrimination of autism spectrum vs. no autism spectrum than for the more specific discrimination of autism vs. PDD-NOS. The diagnosis of autism at age 2 was more stable than the diagnosis of PDD-NOS at the same age. Social deficits and delays in spoken language were the most prominent DSM-IV characteristics evidenced by very young children with autism.
Proteins from thermophilic and mesophilic organisms essentially do not differ in packing (1998)

The role of the packing density in the elevation of thermal stability of proteins from thermophilic organisms is widely discussed in the literature. In the present study, this issue was reconsidered in the scale of an unbiased set of protein structures. Partial specific volumes, void and cavity volumes were calculated for a set of 80 non-homologous proteins and for 24 proteins from thermophilic organisms and analysed in the context of their possible role in thermal stabilization. The results showed that there is no significant difference between the two sets in respect to the partial specific volume and cavity volume. The proteins from thermophilic organisms showed a slight tendency of increasing void volume, i.e. reducing the packing density. However this observation was not confirmed by the comparison of this parameter for proteins within different structural families. The results suggested that neither the reduction of the packing density nor the reduction of the packing defects can be considered as a common mechanism for increasing the thermal stability of the proteins from thermophilic organisms. Combining the result from this and our previous study we concluded that the electrostatic interactions seem to be a common factor regulating the thermal tolerance of proteins from thermostable organisms.
A leadership enrichment program for Research Higher Degree Students: an experiential learning approach to leadership training (2007)

Enrichment programs for Research Higher Degree (RHD) students are an endeavour undertaken by all Australian Universities. Most of these enrichment programs have in the main been centred on the generic skills required to expedite the research program, for example software skills, information gathering and collating skills, language development programs and seminars on various methodologies. There are some examples where enrichment programs have focused on leadership. These programs often assume not only that leadership can be taught, but also that a traditional seminar/lecture approaches to such a curriculum is a practical, efficient and effective approach to leadership education. This paper questions these assumptions by arguing for a more experientially-based approach to leadership education at the RHD level. This approach has demanded a consideration of pedagogical approaches outside, or peripheral, to the traditional approaches of RHD training. A specific example of a leadership program that incorporates experiential learning in is presented. The paper delineates a brief overview of experiential approaches to education, followed by a more specific review of the potential role these approaches can play in leadership education.
Organofluorine synthesis via photofluorination: 3-fluoro-D-alanine and 2-deuterio analog, antibacterials related to the bacterial cell wall (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrganofluorine synthesis via photofluorination: 3-fluoro-D-alanine and 2-deuterio analog, antibacterials related to the bacterial cell wallJ. Kollonitsch and L. BarashCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 18, 5591–5593Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1976https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00434a030RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views269Altmetric-Citations64LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (421 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Complexity of precipitation patterns: Comparison of simulation with experiment (1994)

Numerical simulations show that a simple model for the formation of Liesegang precipitation patterns, which takes into account the dependence of nucleation and particle growth kinetics on supersaturation, can explain not only simple patterns like parallel bands in a test tube or concentric rings in a petri dish, but also more complex structural features, such as dislocations, helices, "Saturn rings," or patterns formed in the case of equal initial concentrations of the source substances. The limits of application of the model are discussed. (c) 1994 American Institute of Physics.
Precision Clock and Time Transfer on a Wireless Telecommunication Link (2010)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> Precise time dissemination is a key requirement for remote clock synchronization used in coordinated command of distributed actuators in various applications. We present a newly conceived low-cost clock system based on the time-to-digital converter (TDC) principle to generate, transfer, and compare time-coded sequences (TCSs) with nanosecond accuracy using a wireless telecommunication link. The clock principle counts pulse sequences with nanosecond precision derived from a low-frequency oven-controlled crystal oscillator (OCXO) stable frequency standard. The TCSs are transmitted to a remote transponder that distributes them to receiving stations, where the clock readings are processed. A simple short-range wireless telecommunication link was assembled to demonstrate the system. The repeated TCSs are received back and compared with the reference clock. We describe the clock, the telecommunication setup, and the electrical and electronic sources of delays. Comparison of mean TCSs taken every 0.629 s provided a time-domain midterm stability Allan deviation of about <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$1.3 \times 10^{-11}$</tex></formula> at <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$\tau = 10^{3}\ \hbox{s}$</tex></formula>. These results show the feasibility of a low-cost GPS-independent technique, exhibiting highly performing time-domain midterm stability. This system is a key requirement for a new proposed system for geopositioning. </para>