gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Role of pyriform cells during the growth of oocytes in the lizard <i>Podarcis sicula</i> (1995)

Abstract In order to clarify the role of follicle cells during growth of previtellogenic oocytes in lizards, an ultrastructural and autoradiographic investigation was carried out in Podarcis sicula . The evidence obtained clearly indicated that both intermediate and pyriform cells are actively involved in the synthesis of RNA that is then transferred to the oocyte, via intercellular bridges, apparently together with a variety of cytoplasmic organelles. At the end of the previtellogenic phase of growth, during the regression of the epithelium, the rate of synthesis of RNA in follicle cells is reduced, in particular in the nucleolus, but the flow of materials toward the oocyte continues. Thus, the intermediate and pyriform cells should be regarded as nurse cells even though they have characteristics rather different from those of the nurse cells described in other animals, such as insects. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Optimal approximation of uniformly rotated images: relationship between Karhunen-Loeve expansion and discrete cosine transform (1998)

We present the concept that for uniformly rotated images, the optimal approximation of the images can be obtained by computing the basis vectors for the discrete cosine transform (DCT) of the original image in polar coordinates, and that the images can be represented as linear combinations of the basis vectors.
Methadone but not Morphine Inhibits Lubiprostone-Stimulated Cl− Currents in T84 Intestinal Cells and Recombinant Human ClC-2, but not CFTR Cl− Currents (2012)

In clinical trials, methadone, but not morphine, appeared to prevent beneficial effects of lubiprostone, a ClC-2 Cl(-) channel activator, on opioid-induced constipation. Effects of methadone and morphine on lubiprostone-stimulated Cl(-) currents were measured by short circuit current (Isc) across T84 cells. Whole cell patch clamp of human ClC-2 (hClC-2) stably expressed in HEK293 cells and in a high expression cell line (HEK293EBNA) as well as human CFTR (hCFTR) stably expressed in HEK293 cells was used to study methadone and morphine effects on recombinant hClC-2 and hCFTR Cl(-) currents. Methadone but not morphine inhibited lubiprostone-stimulated Isc in T84 cells with half-maximal inhibition at 100 nM. Naloxone did not affect lubiprostone stimulation or methadone inhibition of Isc. Lubiprostone-stimulated Cl(-) currents in hClC-2/HEK293 cells, but not forskolin/IBMX-stimulated Cl(-) currents in hCFTR/HEK293 cells, were inhibited by methadone, but not morphine. HEK293EBNA cells expressing hClC-2 showed time-dependent, voltage-activated, CdCl2-inhibited Cl(-) currents in the absence (control) and the presence of lubiprostone. Methadone, but not morphine, inhibited control and lubiprostone-stimulated hClC-2 Cl(-) currents with half-maximal inhibition at 100 and 200-230 nM, respectively. Forskolin/IBMX-stimulated hClC-2 Cl(-) currents were also inhibited by methadone. Myristoylated protein kinase inhibitor (a specific PKA inhibitor) inhibited forskolin/IBMX- but not lubiprostone-stimulated hClC-2 Cl(-) currents. Methadone caused greater inhibition of lubiprostone-stimulated currents added before patching (66.1 %) compared with after patching (28.7 %). Methadone caused inhibition of lubiprostone-stimulated Cl(-) currents in T84 cells and control; lubiprostone- and forskolin/IBMX-stimulated recombinant hClC-2 Cl(-) currents may be the basis for reduced efficacy of lubiprostone in methadone-treated patients.
Angiotensin II and salt-induced decompensation in Balb/CJ mice is aggravated by fluid retention related to low oxidative stress (2019)

Balb/CJ mice are more sensitive to treatment with angiotensin II (ANG II) and high-salt diet compared with C57BL/6J mice. Together with higher mortality, they develop edema, signs of heart failure, and acute kidney injury. The aim of the present study was to identify differences in renal gene regulation that may affect kidney function and fluid balance, which could contribute to decompensation in Balb/CJ mice after ANG II + salt treatment. Male Balb/CJ and C57BL/6J mice were divided into the following five different treatment groups: control, ANG II, salt, ANG II + salt, and ANG II + salt + <i>N</i>-acetylcysteine. Gene expression microarrays were used to explore differential gene expression after treatment and between the strains. Published data from the Mouse Genome Database were used to identify the associated genomic differences. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was measured using inulin clearance, and fluid balance was measured using metabolic cages. Gene ontology enrichment analysis of gene expression microarrays identified glutathione transferase (antioxidant system) as highly enriched among differentially expressed genes. Balb/CJ mice had similar GFR compared with C57BL/6J mice but excreted less Na<sup>+</sup> and water, although net fluid and electrolyte balance did not differ, suggesting that Balb/CJ mice may be inherently more prone to decompensation. Interestingly, C57BL/6J mice had higher urinary oxidative stress despite their relative protection from decompensation. In addition, treatment with the antioxidant <i>N</i>-acetylcysteine decreased oxidative stress in C57BL/6J mice, reduced urine excretion, and increased mortality. Balb/CJ mice are more sensitive than C57BL/6J to ANG II + salt, in part mediated by lower oxidative stress, which favors fluid and Na<sup>+</sup> retention.
Secretion and glycosylation of α-foetoprotein by the mouse yolk sac (1983)

Secretion and glycosylation of alpha-foetoprotein (AFP) by mouse yolk sac were studied by using yolk-sac explants cultured in vitro. Yolk-sac explants rapidly incorporated [35S]methionine into AFP, whereas radioactively labelled AFP was not found in the medium until 30 min after incubation was initiated. Electrophoretic analysis revealed that microheterogeneity of AFP synthesized in explants increased in parallel with the gestational age of the yolk sacs. The change in microheterogeneity was noted by the formation of increasingly acidic forms. Only the most acidic forms of AFP were found to be present in the medium on each gestational day studied. Tunicamycin reduced the incorporation of glucosamine into AFP with a concomitant decrease in molecular weight and microheterogeneity. However, the relative amount of AFP released into the medium was not altered by the presence of tunicamycin. The presence of under-glycosylated AFP in the medium indicates that glycosylation of AFP is not essential for its secretion from the yolk sac. In light of these and previous findings, it is suggested that the glycosylation of AFP may be important for the turnover of this glycoprotein in serum.
Self-pumped phase-conjugate resonator with two-pass four-wave mixing in a diode-pumped Nd:YAG amplifier (1998)

We investigate both theoretically and experimentally a self-pumped phase-conjugate resonator with two-pass four-wave mixing in a diode-pumped Nd:YAG amplifier. A transient model is presented to fit the energy and temporal results of the experiment. The influence of the input energy in the injected configuration and the influence of the output coupler reflectivity and diode pump energy in the self-starting configuration are analyzed. In the injected case a maximum phase-conjugate reflectivity of 32 is obtained. In the self-starting case a TEM00 mode of 5.5 mJ in a 20-ns single-longitudinal-mode pulse is produced with a 10% reflectivity output coupler.
Introduction To Linear Programming As A Popular Tool In Optimal Reservoir Operation, A Review (2015)

Water is a rare and vital natural resource for all biological phenomena and human activities that continuously is needed to be known at any time and place. Taking into the burgeoning growth of population and consequently increasing human needs, the limitation of water resources is a considerable challenge for human. Moreover, asymmetrical distribution of rain time and location in most countries has caused that the water resources management and programming be considered. In order to resolve this problem, researchers are trying to use some techniques in relation with programming and management for a long time. Most of practical and applied problems can be modeled as a linear programming problem regarding all intrinsic complexities. The mentioned reason and also presence of different solving software of linear programming problems have caused that linear programming be used as one of the most practical methods in the field of dam operation for years. In this research, we introduce optimal operation problems of reservoirs by using linear programming techniques and discuss about them. Also, objective and multi objective models were introduced by using some questions. Finally, some popular methods in the field of modeling such problems are introduced.<br>
Elimination Reactions in Cyclic Systems. VI. Reaction of Iodide Ion with Cyclic trans-Dibromides (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElimination Reactions in Cyclic Systems. VI. Reaction of Iodide Ion with Cyclic trans-DibromidesJoseph Weinstock, Sheldon N. Lewis, and F. G. BordwellCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1956, 78, 23, 6072–6075Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01604a034https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01604a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views322Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Covalent decoration of adenovirus vector capsids with the carbohydrate epitope αGal does not improve vector immunogenicity, but allows to study the in vivo fate of adenovirus immunocomplexes (2017)

Adenovirus-based vectors are promising tools for genetic vaccination. However, several obstacles have to be overcome prior to a routine clinical application of adenovirus-based vectors as efficacious vectored vaccines. The linear trisaccharide epitope αGal (alpha-Gal) with the carbohydrate sequence galactose-α-1,3-galactosyl-β-1,4-N-acetylglucosamine has been described as a potent adjuvant for recombinant or attenuated vaccines. Humans and α-1,3-galactosyltransferase knockout mice do not express this epitope. Upon exposure of α-1,3-galactosyltransferase-deficient organisms to αGal in the environment, large amounts of circulating anti-Gal antibodies are produced consistently. Immunocomplexes formed between recombinant αGal-decorated vaccines and anti-Gal antibodies exhibit superior immunogenicity. We studied the effects of the trisaccharide epitope on CD8 T cell responses that are directed specifically to vector-encoded transgenic antigens. For that, covalently αGal-decorated adenovirus vectors were delivered to anti-Gal α-1,3-galactosyltransferase knockout mice. We generated replication-defective, E1-deleted adenovirus type 5 vectors that were decorated with αGal at the hexon hypervariable regions 1 or 5, at fiber knob, or at penton base. Surprisingly, none of the adenovirus immunocomplexes being formed from αGal-decorated adenovirus vectors and anti-Gal immunoglobulins improved the frequencies of CD8 T cell responses against the transgenic antigen ovalbumin. Humoral immunity directed to the adenovirus vector was neither increased. However, our data indicated that decoration of Ad vectors with the αGal epitope is a powerful tool to analyze the fate of adenovirus immunocomplexes in vivo.
Lipid Emulsion as Antisense Oligonucleotides Vector That Inhibits P-Glycoprotein Expression in a Sarcoma Cell Line through LDL Receptor (2008)

Abstract It is well known that antisense oligonucleotides (OAS) are able to inhibit gene expression in a sequence-specific way. The potencial use of an artificial lipid nanoemulsion (LDE) as a vector to carry OAS has been described. LDE was shown to bind 3’-cholesteryl- OAS (C-OAS) and to be internalized into cells through LDL receptors. Here we further explore these findings by examining the capacity of this complex to inhibit MDR-1 gene expression in a sarcoma cell line (MES-DX), which express P-glycoprotein. LDE was prepared as described (Bydlowski et al. ,1995). The capacity of LDE to bind C-OAS was examined by fluorescence spectra analysis using a Hitachi F4500 fluorimeter. Human plasma was obtained from healthy blood donors and LDL, HDL and lipoprotein free serum (LPDS) were separated by sequencial ultracentrifugation. C-OAS/LDE complex was incubated with HDL (apoE donor) before cell experiments were performed. Binding of [3H] LDE/C-OAS complex to LDL receptors from MES-DX cells was studied by competition assay. Two different C-OASs, both complementary to regions flanking the AUG initiation codon were used. Inhibition of MDR-1 gene expression was evaluated by RT-PCR. The binding constant for C-OAS/LDE was 4,2 × 10−3M−1 indicating a high specific capacitiy of conjugation.The C-OAS/LDE complex was shown, by the competition assays and confocal microscopy, to bind to LDL receptors and then to be internalized into cells. Both C-OAS/ LDE complexes strongly inhibited (70% inhibition) the MDR-1 gene expression after 48 hours of cell incubation. This inhibition was not observed when LDE was used alone or complexed with scrambled OAS sequences. The results show that this nanoemulsion binds to cholesteryl-OASs. Moreover, this nanoparticle is an efficient carrier for OAS to target cells expressing LDL receptors. This complex is able to internalize oligonucleotides into cells specifically through the LDL receptor-mediated pathway. The internalized ODN was able to act on nucleic acid sequences as determined by the inhibition of MDR-1 gene expression. Therefore, LDE/C-OAS is promissing nanoparticle complex to be used in gene therapy studies.
ChemInform Abstract: Metastable Phases in Rare‐Earth Permanent‐Magnet Materials (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Inhibition of Collagen-Induced Platelet Aggregation in Japanese Black Cattle with Inherited Platelet Disorder, Chediak-Higashi Syndrome. (1996)

Aggregation properties of platelets were examined in Japanese Black cattle with Chediak-Higashi syndrome (CHS) and normal control cattle. Platelet aggregation induced by collagen was decreased in platelets of the cattle with CHS, but not ADP (10-20 microM), thrombin (0.5-1.0 U/ml) and phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA, 3.2 microM). The aggregation response induced by collagen in CHS platelets lacks the change in shape which usually occurs in normal platelets. Simultaneous stimulation by collagen (10 micrograms/ml) + ADP (10 microM) is effective in restoring collagen-induced aggregating response in CHS platelet, although pretreatment of ADP (10 microM) could not restore the collagen (10 micrograms/ml)-induced aggregating response, suggesting that there is a certain threshold of stimulation intensity above which collagen-induced aggregation of CHS platelet can begin. Control normal platelets, previously exposed to ADP (10 microM) and collagen (10 micrograms/ml), showed no further response to exposure to a third aggregating agent (arachidonic acid, 5 mM). On the other hand, the final agent was able to elicit aggregating responses in CHS platelets, suggesting that the arachidonate aggregating system may be suppressed in CHS cattle, but fully activated in control animals. Furthermore, normal platelets showed a significant decrease in aggregating response to collagen when pretreated with a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, indomethacin (10(-5) M), whereas CHS platelet was insensitive to indomethacin. This indomethacin-treated normal platelet mimicked the CHS collagen-induced aggregation pattern. These data suggest that a signal transduction process from receptor-operated events to arachidonate metabolism is suppressed in collagen-induced CHS platelet aggregation.
An Efficient Stereoselective Synthesis of a Racemic CD-Intermediate of Vitamin D (1995)

A highly efficient four-step approach to the racemic CD-intermediate 8 from the racemic hydrindenone 10 has been developed. In the key step, the hydrindenone 10 is converted stereoselectively into the (±)-bromohydrindenone 17. Oxygen transposition from C-9 to C-8 is effected by means of conversion of 17 to the epoxide 20 and regioselective reductive ring opening of 20 with DIBALH. The resulting (±)-hydrindanol 8 was converted by the Homer—Wittig reaction with -methacrolein into the diene 24, hydrogenation of which provided the racemic hydrindanol 25. This is a direct precursor of racemic Grundmann’s ketone 9 and bears the alkyl side chain and the correct relative configuration at C13, C14, C17, and C20 of Vitamin D.
Is the hole mobility proportional to the dc dielectric constant in photorefractive BaTiO3? (1991)

According to the band-conduction model the erasure rate Γ of a photorefractive grating is given by where e is the electric charge, μm is the carrier mobility, and ε the dielectric constant along the direction of charge migration, n 0 is the density of free carriers, and f ( k g , ε) is a function that is nearly unity for small grating wavevector k g . Because both the dielectric constant and the free-carrier mobility vary with direction in a BaTiO 3 crystal, the erasure rate Γ∝μ/ε of a photorefractive grating is also expected to depend strongly on the grating’s orientation. In fact, we find that it does not. Previous work 1 showed that pm/e is approximately independent of direction at T = 25 °C. To study μm/ε with ε changing, we heated a type A crystal 2 of BaTiO 3 from T = 16°C to 45°C. Over this range ε ⊥ decreases by 40%, while ε || increases by 20%. We find that the rates are the same for both grating orientations in spite of the different temperature dependencies of ε ⊥ and ε || .
Survey of Relations of Chemical Constituents in Polymer-Based Materials with Brittleness and its Associated Properties (2016)

The property of brittleness for polymers and polymer-based materials (PBMs) is an important factor in determining the potential uses of a material. Brittleness of polymers may also impact the ease and modes of polymer processing, thereby affecting economy of production. Brittleness of PBMs can be correlated with certain other properties and features of polymers; to name a few, connections to free volume, impact strength, and scratch recovery have been explored. A common thread among all such properties is their relationship to chemical composition and morphology. Through a survey of existing literature on polymer brittleness specifically combined with relevant reports that connect additional materials and properties to that of brittleness, it is possible to identify chemical features of PBMs that are connected with observable brittle behavior. Relations so identified between chemical composition and structure of PBMs and brittleness are described herein, advancing knowledge and improving the capacity to design new and to choose among existing polymers in order to obtain materials with particular property profiles.
[Impact of the inclusion of second-tier tests in the newborn screening program of Catalonia and in other international programs.] (2020)

The introduction of 2TT in the NBSP allows to reduce considerably the FP, decreases the number of requested samples, as well as both anxiety and stress of the families, at the same time that the hospital costs are reduced and the PPV is increased, improving notably the efficiency of the NBSP.
Early Pathogenesis of Disease Caused by SIVsmmPBjl4 Molecular Clone 1.9 in Macaques (1993)

We have studied the early pathogenesis of infection by molecular clone 1.9 of SIVsmmPBj14 in pig-tailed and cynomolgus macaques. Like the uncloned PBj14 parent, SIVsmmPBj14-1.9 consistently induced an acute clinical syndrome characterized by behavioral depression, fever, profuse diarrhea, dehydration, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and mucocutaneous exanthema that began at 7 days postinfection (DPI). The acute clinical disease coincided with a marked cell-associated and cell-free viremia, during which SIV p27 was demonstrated in 4 to 68% of circulating mononuclear leukocytes between 4 and 17 DPI. Also characteristic were monocytosis and reductions in CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, as well as CD20+ B lymphocytes. The most profound depletion occurred in the CD44hi subset of CD4+ T cells. Unlike animals infected previously with uncloned or biologically cloned PBj14, however, all SIVsmmPBj14-1.9-infected macaques survived the acute-phase disease to progress to a chronic, largely asymptomatic phase of infection. Recovery from the acute-phase disease correlated with down modulation of virus replication and the appearance of antibodies to SIV Env and Gag proteins. Similar to the PBj14 parent, PBj14-1.9 targeted to intestine, spleen, bone marrow, lymph node, and cerebellum. Saliva contained substantial quantities of infectious virus and no viral antibodies during the early phase of infection. By contrast, saliva from chronically infected animals usually contained antibodies but no virus. This study extends previous work demonstrating that the acute clinical syndrome produced by SIVsmmPBj14 in pig-tailed macaques represents a unique model of lentiviral pathogenesis.
DIPROPYLCYCLOPROPENONE (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDIPROPYLCYCLOPROPENONERonald Breslow and Ruth PetersonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 16, 4426–4427Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01501a075https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01501a075research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views151Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts