gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>System of microwave radiovision of three-dimensional objects in real time</title> (2000)

The imaging systems (with the quality of the radioimages `equal' to the optical images of the targets) based on haven't got any analogies in the methods of the `isotropic radiovision' are suggested. The most important fields of applications of this methods are: imaging radar, security systems, custom control systems, AVC and AVI systems.
Isolation of a cross-linked dimer of elastin. (1978)

Salt-soluble elastin, isolated by coacervation from extracts of copper-deficient pig aorta, contains a minor protein component separable by gel electrophoresis in 6 M urea. This protein has a molecular weight of 150,000 compared to 75,000 of the major component. The amino acid analyses of both proteins are typical of elastin but the higher molecular weight component has a significantly lower lysine content and lysine-derived cross-links that are lacking from the major component. The proteins were labeled by incubation of the fresh aortic tissue with [14C]lysine. The acid hydrolysate of the borohydride-reduced higher molecular weight protein contained a labeled amino acid eluting at a time identical to standard merodesmosine and a trace of radioactivity corresponding to lysinonorleucine. We conclude that the higher molecular weight protein is a cross-linked dimer of the previously identified soluble elastin.
Design consideration of interleaved converters for fuel cell applications (2007)

In this paper, design methodology for interleaved converters is studied in order to design high efficiency and high performance converters for fuel cell applications. Input current ripple, output voltage ripple, losses and capacity of electrical components are mainly compared with the conventional boost converters. Theoretical analysis has been performed and informative simulation and experimental results are provided.
Measures of parallelism at compile time (2002)

We analyze the characteristics of the innermost loops in 9 programs of the Perfect benchmark suite, 60 Linpack subroutines and a subset of the BLAS subroutines. We have generated their dependence graphs and have evaluated at compile time the inherent parallelism of these graphs. The evaluation of the usefulness of some parallelizing techniques has been predicted by modeling the technique over the dependence graph and evaluating the parallelism after the transformation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Study of the effectiveness of propolis extract as a storage medium for avulsed teeth (2010)

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of propolis extract in maintaining the viability of human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells, and to radiographically analyze tooth replantation and the adjacent periodontium in dogs after storage in this extract. Human PDL cells were incubated with the experimental media propolis, milk, saliva, Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS), and Dulbecco's modified Eagles medium (DMEM, positive controls), and distilled water (negative control). Cell viability was determined 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h later by colorimetric MTT assay. Thirty incisors from dogs were divided into two storage time blocks (1 and 3 h) and were maintained in the experimental media. HBSS served as a positive control, and dry teeth (on gauze) as a negative control. The replanted teeth were radiographed once per month for 6 months. The radiographic images were standardized by the shortening/lengthening factor, and were both qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed. The in vitro results showed that the efficacy of propolis in maintaining functional viability of PDL cells was similar to that of milk. Propolis and milk were significantly better than controls from the 6-h time period. The in vivo results showed that teeth maintained in propolis medium exhibited replacement resorption with significant reduction in tooth length, similar to teeth maintained in saliva and dried teeth. This resorption was less intense with the 3-h storage time than the 1-h storage time. Conditions close to normal were found in teeth maintained in milk, similar to the HBSS control. Therefore, although propolis was effective in maintaining the viability of human PDL cells, resorption of the tooth replantation in dogs occurred under these experimental conditions.
Biochemical Characterization of Canavalin, the Major Storage Protein of Jack Bean (1982)

The structure of canavalin, a jack bean (Canavalis ensiformis) protein homologous to phaseolin, the major seed storage protein of Phaseolus vulgaris, has been investigated by x-ray crystallography and found to be a hexamer composed of three identical pairs of similar but nonidentical subunits related by a perfect 3-fold axis and pseudo dyad axes (strict C(3) and pseudo D(3)). One member of each pair of subunits is derived from the amino terminal half of a precursor polypeptide of molecular weight 49,000 and the other from its carboxy terminal half. Thus, the crystallographic evidence indicates that the precursor polypeptide is a tandem duplicate and is structurally redundant (McPherson A. 1982 J Biol Chem 255: 10472). A number of physical and chemical properties of the protein in both the uncleaved and the cleaved form were investigated. These included the native molecular weights, amino acid analyses, number of exposed sulfhydryl groups, carbohydrate content, metal ion analysis, crystallization behavior, and the fate of the protein in developing seeds. It was also found that the purified precursor protein possesses a substantial level of alpha-d-mannosidase activity and seems to share a number of other physical and chemical properties with that enzyme.
Interaction between fungal endophytes and environmental stressors influences plant resistance to insects (2003)

Neotyphodium coenophialum , an endophytic fungus that infects shoots of tall fescue ( Festuca arundinacea ), may protect its host from herbivory through production of alkaloids. Yet, the fungus can also modify plant resource allocation, regrowth dynamics, and drought tolerance, and these changes may also influence herbivores. We tested if N. coenophialum infection interacted with stress (drought or simulated herbivory) to modify plant resistance to insects. We assigned greenhouse plants to one of four treatments: 1) clipping at 3 cm above the soil surface, 2) drought stress during insect bioassays, 3) drought stress prior to insect bioassays, or 4) daily watering. Treatments were crossed with presence or absence of endophyte to give eight treatment combinations, and we assessed the performance of bird cherry‐oat aphid ( Rhopalosiphum padi ) and fall armyworm ( Spodoptera frugiperda ) feeding on plants in two separate experiments from each of the eight treatments. Aphids were placed into clip bags on leaf blades and allowed to reproduce parthenogenetically. Plant tissue was fed to third instar fall armyworm caterpillars until they molted into the fifth instar. Developmental time was recorded and larval growth was obtained gravimetrically. We also assessed total protein nitrogen (N) and loline alkaloids in plants. Total protein N was unaffected by endophyte infection. In contrast, stress influenced total protein N, but its effect varied with endophyte infection. Uninfected plants that were clipped had higher total protein N; this trend was absent in infected plants. Plants in drought stress had lower N, but only if they were infected. Lolines were nearly absent from uninfected plants. In infected plants they tended to be higher in clipped plants. The effect of endophyte infection differed between the two insects: aphid reproduction was reduced by the endophyte, but endophyte infection enhanced caterpillar performance. Both insects were affected by interactions between the endophyte and stress. Aphids were negatively affected by drought stress, but only when feeding on uninfected plants, while caterpillars showed the opposite response, displaying lower performance on drought stressed plants only if they were infected. Aphids reproduced faster on regrowth tissue (following damage by clipping) of uninfected plants, but endophyte infection cancelled this effect. In contrast, performance of caterpillars was not influenced by an interaction between damage and infection. We conclude that N. coenophialum does not provide universal resistance to insects. Endophyte‐mediated resistance varies with insect species and will be a complex function of environmental stress, including drought and prior damage.
Rapid typing of group A streptococci by the use of DNA amplification and non-radioactive allele-specific oligonucleotide probes (1994)

Because of the allelic variations within the M protein gene (emm gene) of group A streptococci, reliable typing of this important human pathogen can be accomplished by the use of emm gene-specific oligonucleotide probes. Two technical modifications (a reverse dot blot and a reverse line blot hybridization assay) of a novel approach for the type-specific identification of emm genes have been developed. Both procedures involved amplification of an emm gene by polymerase chain reaction. The non-radioactively labeled amplicon was subsequently hybridized to a membrane carrying an array of immobilized emm gene-specific oligonucleotide probes, thus allowing the simultaneous analysis of the gene polymorphism in a single hybridization reaction. The feasibility of these rapid and easy to perform methods was shown for the unequivocal identification of reference strains and clinical isolates belonging to 16 different M serotypes.
Cure, Morbidity, and Mortality Associated with Embolization of Brain Arteriovenous Malformations (1995)

Published reports of cure, morbidity, and mortality associated with the embolization of 1246 brain arteriovenous malformations during the last 35 years were reviewed. Embolization resulted in cure in 5% of arteriovenous malformations. The cure rates of embolization were 4% in reports of 708 patients published before 1990 and 5% in reports of 538 patients published since 1990 (P = not significant). Temporary morbidity from embolization was 10%, and permanent morbidity was 8%. Permanent morbidity was 9% before 1990 and 8% since 1990 (P = not significant). Death after embolization of brain arteriovenous malformations occurred in 1% of patients. Mortality associated with the embolization was 2% before 1990 and 1% since 1990 (P = not significant). Long-term morbidity associated with the use of neurotoxic embolization materials is worrisome but has never been proven.
Effects of ethanol, acetaldehyde and ethyl formate vapour on the growth of<i>Penicillium italicum</i>and<i>P. digitatum</i>on oranges (1995)

SummaryEthanol (Etoh) (C2H5OH), acetaldehyde (Aa) (CH3CHO) and ethyl formate (EF) (CHO2C2H5) are naturally occurring volatiles reported to have either anti-microbial or insecticidal properties. The effect of these volatiles on the spoilage of oranges by Penicillium italicum and P. digitatum at 20°C was evaluated. Ethanol was the most effective and the least phytotoxic volatile in retarding the establishment of infection and the rate of microbial development of P. italicum and P. digitatum. Overall, P. digitatum was more resistant to the antifungal effect of Etoh and Aa than P. italicum. Ethyl formate was relatively ineffective against both pathogens. The effectiveness of the volatiles was dependent upon concentration and exposure time.
The value relevance of goodwill and goodwill amortization in a Danish setting (2006)

Based on data from the Danish Stock Exchange, this paper examines the value relevance of purchased goodwill and explores how goodwill should be measured subsequent to initial recognition. Danish accounting legislation requires capitalization and amortization of purchased goodwill. As of 2005 Danish listed companies must comply with international financial reporting standards (IFRS) issued by the International Accounting Standards Boards (IASB). An exposure draft (ED 3: Business Combinations) is presently under consideration by the IASB. If this exposure draft is implemented, Danish listed companies must carry out impairment tests on goodwill. The value relevance is tested by examining the association between goodwill and goodwill amortization and share prices, incremental to other accounting variables.The overall findings suggest that investors perceive goodwill as an asset with a long economic life time. The results support the Danish Financial Statements Act that requires capitalization of all purchased goodwill. The findings brings into question if goodwill amortization provides useful information to investors. This suggests that impairment testing might be an alternative way to measure acquired goodwill assets in subsequent years
Component-Based Specification of Collaborative Objects (2007)

A collaborative object represents a data type (such as a text document or a spreadsheet) designed to be shared by multiple geographically separated users. In order to improve performance and availability of data in such a distributed context, each user has a local copy of the shared objects, upon which he may perform updates. Locally executed updates are then transmitted to the other users. So, the updates are applied in different orders at different copies of the collaborative object. This replication potentially leads, however, to divergent (i.e. different) copies. The Operational Transformation (OT) approach provides an interesting solution for copies divergence. Indeed, every collaborative object has an algorithm which transforms the remote update according to local concurrent ones. But this OT algorithm needs to fulfill two conditions in order to ensure the convergence. Proving the correctness of OT algorithms is very complex and error prone without the assistance of a theorem prover. In the present work, we propose a compositional method for specifying complex collaborative objects. The most important feature of our method is that designing an OT algorithm for the composed collaborative object can be done by reusing the OT algorithms of component collaborative objects. By using our method, we can start from correct small collaborative objects which are relatively easy to handle and incrementally combine them to build more complex collaborative objects.
On Soil Retention Curves and Hydrological Forecasting in Ungauged Catchments (1985)

In many physically based hydrological models, there is the requirement to specify the suction-moisture curve of the soil system. This paper shows that where the suction moisture curve is known, then a model can be derived to predict groundwater rise. Secondly, it is shown that with only mapped soils data, relationships exist that allow suction-moisture curves to be predicted. This prediction scheme is incorporated into a forecasting model for ungauged catchments and results are presented to show the potential validity of the scheme for operational forecasting.
On the Accuracy of Signature-based Traffic Identification Technique in IP Networks (2007)

The accurate identification of network traffic associated with application layer protocols is important to a broad range of network operations including application-specific traffic engineering, capacity planning, provisioning, and service differentiation. However well-known port numbers can no longer be used to reliably identify network applications since there is a variety of new Internet applications that either do not use well-known port numbers or use other protocols, such as HTTP, to evade firewalls that prevent using specific applications such as P2P or instant messenger. In this article we present a framework for identifying network traffic based on application level signatures. We first identify the application level signatures by investigating protocols and packet level traces. Then we express the identified signatures in regular expressions and apply them to an IP traffic monitoring system. Since the identification of network traffic based on packet payload characteristics is a resource-intensive job, it is required to resolve several issues to measure and analyze traffic on high-speed links. In addition we analyze the accuracy of traffic identification using application layer signatures comparing with the traditional port-based method. Our measurements show that the proposed technique improves the accuracy of traffic identification in that it decreases unidentified traffic by 11% compared with the port-based method. It also identifies several types of P2P and web folder traffic that would be otherwise classified incorrectly.
Measurement of the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>K</mml:mi></mml:math>-shell ionization probability across a wide resonance:<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Sr</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mprescripts/><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow><mml:mn>88</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow/></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:mrow></mml:math>(<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi></mml:math>,<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>) at 6.06 MeV (1982)

We have measured the $K$-shell ionization probability across the 6.06-MeV resonance in $^{88}\mathrm{Sr}$($p$,${p}_{0}$) where the resonance width is large compared to the energy transferred to the electron. The results are found to agree quantitatively with the theory developed by Blair and Anholt. The effect of the time delay on the ionization probability, introduced by the nuclear scattering at the resonance energy, is discussed.
Exploring the possibility of early cataract diagnostics based on tryptophan fluorescence (2011)

A novel route for early cataract diagnostics is investigated based on the excitation of tryptophan fluorescence (TF) at the red edge of its absorption band at 317 nm. This allows penetration through the cornea and aqueous humour to provide excitation of the ocular lens. The steepness of the red edge gives the potential of depth control of the lens excitation. Such wavelength selection targets the population of tryptophan residues, side chains of which are exposed to the polar aqueous environment. The TF emissions around 350 nm of a series of UV-irradiated as well as control lenses were observed. TF spectra of the UV cases were red-shifted and the intensity decreased with the radiation dose. In contrast, intensity of non-tryptophan emission with maximum at 435 nm exhibited an increase suggesting photochemical conversion of the tryptophan population to 435 nm emitting molecules. We demonstrate that the ratio of intensities at 435 nm to that around 350 nm can be used as a measure of early structural changes caused by UV irradiation in the lens by comparison with images from a conventional slit-lamp, which can only detect defects of optical wavelength size. Such diagnostics at a molecular level could aid research on cataract risk investigation and possible pharmacological research as well as assisting surgical lens replacement decisions.
Biomedical microprocessor with analog I/O (1981)

Two sense amplifiers capable of sensing 0.5mV haversine waves and two output amplifiers with 1-12mA outputs, combined with a 4b microprocessor on a CMOS 35,600 square mil chip, to produce a single chip, implantable pacer, with eight programmable modes, will be reported.
Changes in the proton potential and the cellular energetics of <i>Escherichia coli</i> during growth by aerobic and anaerobic respiration or by fermentation (1998)

The energetic parameters of Escherichia coli were analyzed for the aerobic/anaerobic transition. The electrochemical proton potential (delta p) across the cytoplasmic membrane was determined in the steady state of respiration with O2, nitrate, fumarate, dimethylsulfoxide (Me2SO), and for fermentation. With O2, a proton potential of -160 mV was obtained. For anaerobic respiration with nitrate, fumarate or Me2SO, delta p decreased only slightly by about 20 mV in contrast to earlier assumptions, whereas delta p dropped by approximately 40 mV during fermentation. Under all conditions, the membrane potential (delta psi) contributed the major portion to delta p. The cellular ATP levels were highest for aerobic growth (about 13 micromol/g dry cells) and decreased to 3-6 micromol/g in anaerobic metabolism. Delta G'Phos, however, was constant due to equivalent changes of the ADP contents. Transition to the stationary growth phase caused a massive drop in the ATP content. It is concluded that, during anaerobic respiration, the energetic situation for the bacteria is very similar to that for aerobic growth with respect to delta G'Phos and delta p whereas, for fermentation, a significant decrease in delta p was observed. The consequences for the cellular energetics and for the regulation of the aerobic/anaerobic transition are discussed.
Models of Fungicide Resistance Dynamics (2008)

We describe two classes of models used for fungicide and antibiotic resistance dynamics. One class assumes that the density of the pathogen (or severity of the disease caused by the pathogen) has no feedback effects on the rate at which new infections arise. The second class does not make this assumption. A quantitative relationship between these two classes is derived. We then discuss the two sets of assumptions made in the literature about initial conditions: either both the fungicide-sensitive strain and the -resistant strain are initially at low density, or the sensitive strain is resident at nonlow density and the resistant strain is initially at low density. We show that models of fungicide resistance dynamics with and without density-dependent feedback give contrasting predictions on the effects of pathogen life-cycle parameters and the effects of the fungicide (dose, frequency, use of mixtures, spatial usage restrictions) on the evolution, invasion, and spread of fungicide resistance. We further show that the evaluation of a resistance management strategy requires a very precise definition of what constitutes a good strategy.
Sensorial system minimization to estimate the driver activity on the vehicle's pedals (2010)

This work presents an alternative sensorial system, including the minimal number of devices, to register the driver activity on the control pedals. As it is known, sensors directly related to pedals are difficult to implement and require specific calibration for each tested vehicle. On the contrary, the new proposal based on the measurement of regime engine, frontal inclination, linear acceleration and vehicle speed, is easily on-board implemented.
Gas Phase Ammonia Sorption on Macroreticular Ion-Exchange Resin (1970)

H-, Na-, Zn(II)-, Cu(II)-, Co(II)- および Ni(II)- 形の巨大網状イオン交換樹脂 (Amberlyst 15) に対するアンモニアの中和および配位吸着を 0～500mmHg のアンモニア圧範囲で検討した。アンモニアはどのイオン形樹脂へも物理吸着によって Na 形の吸着量程度が捕捉されるが, 全吸着量は樹脂のイオン形について Na-<H-<Zn(II)-<Cu(II)-<Co(II)-<Ni(II)- 形の順序で増加した。吸着型は一般に BET 式で整理された。またH形樹脂による中和吸着では吸着量は低アンモニア圧から飽和して樹脂内水素イオン量 (4.52meq/g) に等しくなること, 重金属イオン形樹脂に対する配位吸着では, 吸着量は金属イオンの最高配位数に関係し, 温度にも著しく影響されること, 樹脂中でのこの配位反応は, 水溶液中の対応する金属イオンの場合より極めて容易であること, 樹脂内における Co(II) イオンおよび Ni(II) イオンは高アンモニア圧ではアンモニアを配位する能力が同程度になることなどが示された。さらに Ni(II) 形樹脂中で形成されたアンミン錯体についてはその生成エンタルピーを求め, 水溶液中および気相中における同イオンのアンミン錯体の生成エンタルピーと比較した。