gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Creation of Novel Protein Transduction Domain (PTD) Mutants by a Phage Display-Based High-Throughput Screening System (2006)

Significant research effort is currently focused on Protein Transduction Domains (PTDs) as potential intracellular drug delivery carriers. However, the application of this technology is limited because the transduction efficiencies are often insufficient for therapeutic purposes, even using HIV-1 Tat peptide. Here we describe a high-throughput screening method based on a phage display system for isolating novel PTDs with improved cell penetration activity. The screening method involves using protein synthesis inhibitory factor (PSIF) as cargo of PTD. Using this method, several Tat-PTD mutants of superior cell-penetrating activity were isolated. Interestingly, the amino acid sequence of the PTD mutants contained some characteristic residues, such as proline. Thus, our screening method may prove useful in determining the relationship between protein transduction and amino acid sequence.
ChemInform Abstract: Bimetallic μ‐Oxo Complexes Formed by Coordination of the Oxo Ligands of Cp2Mo=O and Cp2W=O to Rhodium(I) and Iridium(I) Centers. (1990)

Abstract The binuclear μ‐oxo complexes (III) are synthesized according to the scheme.
Ex vivo evidence for asymmetric tyrosine phosphorylation of ZAP-70 on double-positive thymocytes in the positive selection process (1998)

Antigen stimulation via TCR in mature T cells provides rapid induction of tyrosine phosphorylation of intracellular substrates including ZAP-70. To study the potential involvement of tyrosine phosphorylation in CD4+CD8+ [double-positive (DP)] thymocytes in the positive selection process in vivo, we isolated and analyzed them in the presence of phosphatase inhibitor. DP thymocytes were obtained from TCR transgenic mice (TCR-Tg) expressing MHC class I- or class II-restricted TCR in selecting and non-selecting MHC backgrounds respectively. The phosphorylation of ZAP-70 in DP thymocytes of class I-restricted TCR-Tg was significantly higher in the positively selecting background than in the non-selecting one. However, such a phosphorylation difference between selecting and non-selecting TCR-Tg was found to be considerably less in class II-restricted TCR-Tg. A similar bias for ZAP-70 phosphorylation was also observed on selecting DP thymocytes when I-A(beta) deficient- and beta2-microglobulin-deficient mice were compared. These ex vivo studies suggest that TCR-mediated signaling on DP thymocytes induces ZAP-70 phosphorylation under a different manner of engagement of TCR to class I and class II molecules in the positive selection process.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective α‐Iodination Reaction of 4‐Alkenylamide Having a β‐Chiral Center. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Superhydrophobic and photocatalytic self-cleaning cotton (2014)

A superhydrophobic cotton fabric exhibiting photocatalytic self-cleaning properties under visible-light was prepared by step-wise deposition of anatase TiO2, meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (TCPP) and trimethoxy(octadecyl)silane (OTMS). The modified cotton fabrics not only exhibited excellent superhydrophobicity with a water contact angle of 156°, but also showed significant photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible-light irradiation. The fabrics were characterized by FESEM, XRD, NMR and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Textiles with dual functionality of superhydrophobicity and visible-light photocatalysis are promising for a wide range of self-cleaning applications.
A comparison of soil enzyme activities in forest and tea (Camellia sinensis) plantation soil samples (1998)

Nursing practice is undergoing changes that are both exciting and controversial. The UKCC Scope of Professional Practice has encouraged nurses to re-evaluate their practice and, as a result, nurses from various fields have expanded their roles to meet the changing needs of patients and the profession. Published evidence shows that nurses can be as effective as doctors within these expanded roles, but that there is a danger that gender issues will cloud the debate because of the assumption that all nurses are female and all doctors are male. This problem is especially evident when female nurses perform an extended role involving male patients, although female doctors are in a similar position and work with the same patients without undue comment. The roles of doctors and nurses should complement each other, and all practitioners should work for the benefit of patients in their care, rather than defending traditional roles and hierarchy. There is confusion surrounding accountability of nurses who work in an extended role between the medical and the nursing profession, and both the Royal College of Nursing and the British Medical Association need to clarify the situation. This article looks at the arguments for and against the extended role of the nurse specialist and discusses current opinions within the nursing and medical fields. The article also describes how nurses at Midland Fertility Services have successfully extended their role to encompass ultra-sound-guided oocyte retrieval and surgical sperm recovery.
Very low surface recombination velocities on p- and n-type c-Si by ultrafast spatial atomic layer deposition of aluminum oxide (2010)

Using aluminum oxide (Al2O3) films deposited by high-rate spatial atomic layer deposition (ALD), we achieve very low surface recombination velocities of 6.5 cm/s on p-type and 8.1 cm/s on n-type crystalline silicon wafers. Using spatially separated reaction zones instead of the conventional time-sequenced precursor dosing enables growth rates up to 70 nm/min, whereas conventional ALD limits the growth rate to &lt;2 nm/min. The excellent passivation level is predominantly assigned to a high negative fixed charge density of Qf=−(4±1)×1012 cm−2 in the Al2O3 films. We demonstrate an excellent thermal stability of the passivation quality.
ChemInform Abstract: ACTIVATED METALS PART 9, A NEW REFORMATSKY REAGENT INVOLVING ACTIVATED INDIUM FOR THE PREPARATION OF BETA‐HYDROXY ESTERS (1975)

Abstract Indiumchlorid wird durch Kalium zu metallischem Indium reduziert, das bei der Reformatskii‐Reaktion mit (I) zu einer Zwischenstufe (II) reagiert, die dann mit den Oxo‐Verbindungen (III) über (IV) zu den Hydroxy‐estern (V) reagiert.
Biological markers of prognosis, response to therapy and outcome in ovarian carcinoma (2016)

The literature search has indicated a number of candidate biomarkers have recently emerged that could facilitate the molecular definition of OvCa, providing information about prognosis and predicting response to therapy. These potentially promising biomarkers include immune cells and their products, tumor-derived exosomes, nucleic acids and epigenetic biomarkers. Expert commentary: Although most of the biomarkers available today require prospective validation, the development of noninvasive liquid biopsy-based monitoring promises to improve their utility for evaluations of prognosis, response to therapy and outcome in OvCa.
Periodontal Diseases (1955)

Good oral hygiene assumes greater importance when we consider that 9 out of every 10 persons have one of these diseases which destroy the tissues surrounding the teeth.
Prevent Weed-Flavored Cream (1940)

Suggestions for preventing the flavor of weeds, such as wild onion and French weed, to pass through the milk of dairy cows. By preventing the flavors to contaminate dairy products, the quality and profitability of these products will increase.
2711 Prediction of Fatigue-Crack Propagation Behaviors in Multiple Solder Bumps (2013)

BGAパッケージにある数十個のはんだ接合部の疲労寿命を一度に定量的に予測できる疲労き進展解析技術を開発した。温度サイクル試験における疲労寿命を予測し,予測結果は実験結果と良く一致した。
Animal diseases scourges affecting wildlife and livestock (2001)

Animal pathology is the main constraint on herd productivity in Africa. Diseases supposed to be controlled or to have disappeared are re-emerging. Wild animals are often playing a key role in maintaining the diseases or even in spreading them. Three examples underline the narrow link between domestic and wild animals in disease transmission: Rinderpest has been controlled in most African countries thanks to massive vaccination campaigns in the cattle population. However, Rinderpest still persists in East Africa, mainly in the wildlife living in national parks. It is a lineage II virus with pathogenic effects in wild animals but the virus is very mild for cattle. The global eradication programme has to be revised in the light of this new epidemiology. African Swine Fever is re-emerging in West Africa and appeared recently in Madagascar where 60% of the pigs died from the disease. The virus can be maintained in a selvatic epidemiological cycle through wild Suidae and Ornithodoros ticks. Heartwater is a major constraint to the improvement of animal production in Africa, Madagascar and several islands in the Indian Ocean and in the Caribbean. Many wild animals and not only ruminants could play a role as reservoirs. More importantly, infected ticks which are the main reservoir, can be transported on long distances by birds, feral dogs, etc. Understanding the interactions between wildlife and domestic animals is a prerequisite to understand the epidemiology of many infectious diseases and therefore to design sound control measures.
Initiation of Assembly of the Cell Envelope Barrier Structure of Stratified Squamous Epithelia (1999)

The cell envelope (CE) is a specialized structure that is important for barrier function in terminally differentiated stratified squamous epithelia. The CE is formed inside the plasma membrane and becomes insoluble as a result of cross-linking of constituent proteins by isopeptide bonds formed by transglutaminases. To investigate the earliest stages of assembly of the CE, we have studied human epidermal keratinocytes induced to terminally differentiate in submerged liquid culture as a model system for epithelia in general. CEs were harvested from 2-, 3-, 5-, or 7-d cultured cells and examined by 1) immunogold electron microscopy using antibodies to known CE or other junctional proteins and 2) amino acid sequencing of cross-linked peptides derived by proteolysis of CEs. Our data document that CE assembly is initiated along the plasma membrane between desmosomes by head-to-tail and head-to-head cross-linking of involucrin to itself and to envoplakin and perhaps periplakin. Essentially only one lysine and two glutamine residues of involucrin and two glutamines of envoplakin were used initially. In CEs of 3-d cultured cells, involucrin, envoplakin, and small proline-rich proteins were physically located at desmosomes and had become cross-linked to desmoplakin, and in 5-d CEs, these three proteins had formed a continuous layer extending uniformly along the cell periphery. By this time >15 residues of involucrin were used for cross-linking. The CEs of 7-d cells contain significant amounts of the protein loricrin, typically expressed at a later stage of CE assembly. Together, these data stress the importance of juxtaposition of membranes, transglutaminases, and involucrin and envoplakin in the initiation of CE assembly of stratified squamous epithelia.
A maximum likelihood method for the measurement of laser damage behavior (2014)

This paper introduces a method to determine the uncertainty in the model parameters for a laser damage measurement analyzed via maximum likelihood methods. The behavior of the model parameters with the number of sites (search length) is examined using repeated measurements of a virtual optic. This virtual optic is represented by a probability curve that is a cumulative Gaussian. The damage model is a 2 parameter Weibull distribution. Measurements of various lengths are used to establish convergence of the model parameters. It is shown that increasing search length decreases the variance in the parameters and that the parameters are basically independent.
Enzymatic Conversion of D-Glucose to D-Fructose (1961)

Fructose formation from glucose by A. cloacae, strain KN-69 was investigated. The maximal activity appears to occur at about pH 8.0 and at 42∼-43°C. Starting either from glucose or fructose the equilibrium is reached when about 47∼-48% fructose is present in the reaction mixture. Isomerization activity of the cells depends on the carbon source in the culture medium, e. g. xylose grown cells react with glucose but not with other aldohexoses and cells grown on the hexose media do not react with those hexoses. Reagents such as carbon tetrachloride, toluene, and bromobenzene strongly accelerate fructose formation by washed living cells, while chloroform shows little effect.
Reverse Phase High Pressure Liquid Chromatography for the Separation of Peptide Hormone Diastereoisomers (1978)

Diastereoisomers of specifically labeled oxytocin derivatives were resolved using reverse phase high pressure liquid chromatography. The peptides [1-hemi-DL-[alpha-2H]cystine]oxytocin, [6-hemi-DL-[alpha-2H]cystine]oxytocin, [2-DL-[alpha-2H]tyrosine]oxytocin and[8-DL-[2-13C]leucine]oxytocin were readily separated using the conditions described. The diastereoisomers of the oxytocin analog [3-DL-[2-13C]leucine]oxytocin also demonstrated baseline resolution under the same conditions. The procedure offers the investigator a rapid method for screening synthetic oxytocin peptides for undesirable diastereoisomeric by-products.
Ruthenium(III) chloride in aqueous solution: kinetics of the aquation and anation reactions of the chloro complexes (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRuthenium(III) chloride in aqueous solution: kinetics of the aquation and anation reactions of the chloro complexesM. M. Taqui Khan, G. Ramachandraiah, and R. S. ShuklaCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1988, 27, 19, 3274–3278Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00292a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00292a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views399Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Plethysmographic Comparison of Breathing Pattern in Heaves (Recurrent Airway Obstruction) Versus Experimental Bronchoconstriction or Hyperpnea in Horses (2007)

Abstract Background: Horses with recurrent airway obstruction (heaves) are described as exhibiting “increased abdominal effort,” but it is unknown whether this translates to an effective contribution to ventilation. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that heaves is characterized by asynchrony between rib cage and abdominal motions, and that the abdominal component is the major contributor to ventilation. Animals: The rib cage versus abdominal motion in naturally occurring heaves (n = 15) was compared to controls at rest (n = 7) and during hyperpnea because of lobeline treatment, and the effects of histamine-induced bronchoconstriction in controls (n = 10). Methods: Flow patterns, phase angle (9) between the rib and abdominal compartments, abdominal (Vabd) contribution to tidal volume (VT), and lung mechanics were measured. Results: Findings unique to the heaves group included the loss of biphasic expiratory flow, severely increased 9 with the abdomen consistently lagging behind the rib cage, and a reduced contribution of the abdomen to ventilation. A subgroup of heaves (n = 5) with abdominal paradox showed a significant (P &lt; .05) reduction in tidal volume, and increased respiratory rate. Bronchodilation reduced 9 in heaves (P= .06), but 9 remained significantly higher after bronchodilation than found in controls. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: We conclude that breathing pattern in horses with heaves is characterized by severe rib cage/abdominal asynchrony, with the rib cage motion in synchrony with flow, therefore dominating ventilation. In a subset of heaves, the abdominal compartment (diaphragm, abdominal muscles) was completely out of synchrony with flow (“abdominal paradox”) despite the clinical appearance of “increased abdominal effort.”
Examination of PHB Depolymerases in Ralstonia eutropha: Further Elucidation of the Roles of Enzymes in PHB Homeostasis (2012)

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are biodegradable polymers that are attractive materials for use in tissue engineering and medical device manufacturing. Ralstonia eutropha is regarded as the model organism for PHA biosynthesis. We examined the effects of PHA depolymerase (PhaZ) expression on PHA homeostasis in R. eutropha strains. In order to analyze the impact of PhaZs on R. eutropha granule architecture, we performed electron microscopy on several phaZ knockout strains and the wild type strain grown under PHA production conditions. Analysis of the acquired micrographs was based on stereology: the ratio of granule area and cell area was determined, along with total granule count per full-size cell image. Cells bearing a phaZ2 knockout mutation alone or in conjunction with a phaZ1 mutation were found to have a high granule volume per cell volume and a higher granule count compared to wild type. A phaZ quadruple knockout strain appeared to have a low granule volume per cell volume and a low granule count per cell. Cells bearing a phaZ3 knockout were found to have a higher granule count than the wild type, whereas granule volume per cell volume was similar. Accordingly, we hypothesize that PhaZs have not only an impact on PHA degradation but also on the 3-dimensional granule architecture. Based on our data, PhaZ2 is postulated to affect granule density. This work increased our knowledge about PHA depolymerases in R. eutropha, including enzymes that had previously been uncharacterized.
Human pregnancy zone protein stabilizes misfolded proteins including preeclampsia- and Alzheimer’s-associated amyloid beta peptide (2019)

Protein misfolding underlies the pathology of a large number of human disorders, many of which are age-related. An exception to this is preeclampsia, a leading cause of pregnancy-associated morbidity and mortality in which misfolded proteins accumulate in body fluids and the placenta. We demonstrate that pregnancy zone protein (PZP), which is dramatically elevated in maternal plasma during pregnancy, efficiently inhibits in vitro the aggregation of misfolded proteins, including the amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) that is implicated in preeclampsia as well as with Alzheimer's disease. The mechanism by which this inhibition occurs involves the formation of stable complexes between PZP and monomeric Aβ or small soluble Aβ oligomers formed early in the aggregation pathway. The chaperone activity of PZP is more efficient than that of the closely related protein alpha-2-macroglobulin (α<sub>2</sub>M), although the chaperone activity of α<sub>2</sub>M is enhanced by inducing its dissociation into PZP-like dimers. By immunohistochemistry analysis, PZP is found primarily in extravillous trophoblasts in the placenta. In severe preeclampsia, PZP-positive extravillous trophoblasts are adjacent to extracellular plaques containing Aβ, but PZP is not abundant within extracellular plaques. Our data support the conclusion that the up-regulation of PZP during pregnancy represents a major maternal adaptation that helps to maintain extracellular proteostasis during gestation in humans. We propose that overwhelming or disrupting the chaperone function of PZP could underlie the accumulation of misfolded proteins in vivo. Attempts to characterize extracellular proteostasis in pregnancy will potentially have broad-reaching significance for understanding disease-related protein misfolding.
Mitochondrial and nonmitochondrial citrate synthases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae are encoded by distinct homologous genes. (1986)

Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains two genes, CIT1 and CIT2, encoding functional citrate synthase (K.-S. Kim, M. S. Rosenkrantz, and L. Guarente, Mol. Cell. Biol. 6:1936-1942, 1986). We show here that CIT2 encodes a nonmitochondrial form of citrate synthase. The DNA sequence of CIT2 presented provides a possible explanation for why the CIT2 product, unlike the CIT1 product, fails to be imported into mitochondria. While the products of these two genes are highly homologous, they diverge strikingly at their amino termini. The amino terminus of the CIT1 primary translation product extends 39 residues beyond the amino termini of Escherichia coli and porcine citrate synthases. This extension consists of a typical mitochondrial targeting motif. The amino terminus of the CIT2 primary translation product extends 20 residues beyond the amino termini of the E. coli and porcine enzymes. The CIT2-encoded extension is not homologous to that of CIT1, resulting in a nonmitochondrial localization of the product. The CIT2-encoded extension, however, does bear certain similarities to mitochondrial targeting sequences. The possible role of this sequence in targeting this CIT2 product to a nonmitochondrial organelle is discussed.
Some remarks on state-constrained optimal control problems (1973)

Geometric arguments are used, to discuss optimal control problems with higher-order state variable inequality constraints. Solutions with boundary arcs as well as with isolated boundary points are treated.