gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Main-Chain Zwitterionic Supramolecular Polymers Derived from <i>N</i>-Heterocyclic Carbene–Carbodiimide (NHC–CDI) Adducts (2018)

Polyzwitterions have found extensive applications in biological and materials sciences. Despite this success, most polyzwitterions have nondegradable polyolefin backbones with pendant zwitterionic groups. Transcension of this structural paradigm via the formation of main-chain zwitterionic supramolecular polymers could lead to readily processable, as well as self-healing and/or degradable, polyzwitterions. Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of poly(azolium amidinate)s (PAzAms), which are a new class of supramolecular main-chain polyzwitterions assembled via the formation of N-heterocyclic carbene–carbodiimide (NHC–CDI) adducts. These polymers exhibit a wide range of tunable dynamic properties due to the highly structure-sensitive equilibrium between the NHC–CDI adduct and its constituent NHCs and CDIs: e.g., PAzAms derived from N-aryl-N′-alkyl CDIs are dynamic at lower temperatures than those derived from N,N′-diaryl CDIs. We develop a versatile synthetic platform that provides access to PAzAms with control over the main-chain charge sequence and molecular weight. In addition, block copolymers incorporating PAzAm and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) blocks are water soluble (>30 mg mL–1) and self-assemble in aqueous environments. This work defines structure–property relationships for a new class of degradable main-chain zwitterionic supramolecular polymers, setting the stage for the development of these polymers in a range of applications.
Resource block management for uplink UFMC systems (2016)

Filter-bank based multi-carrier systems have recently attracted lots of interest as a promising approach for the next generation wireless communication systems. Due to high complexity and long symbol duration, however, these systems need to evolve in a new multi-carrier technique, universal-filtered multi-carrier (UFMC). In conventional UFMC systems, a fixed size of resource block (RB) reduces the flexibility of spectrum utilization and leads to high computational complexity. This problem highlights the need for RB size control that will efficiently allocate frequency resource to satisfy users' resource demand. In this paper, we propose a generalized UFMC system for uplink scenario. First, we analyze the impact of RB size on the UFMC spectrum utilization and complexity. Then, we observe the effect of filter length on symbol error rate (SER). Based on this observation, the proposed UFMC system controls RB size and filter length according to users' demand. Finally, we demonstrate that the proposed system tremendously improves throughput per sub-carrier without SER performance degradation.
Protein Dynamics: From Molecules, to Interactions, to Biology (2009)

Proteins have a remarkably rich diversity of dynamical behaviors, and the articles in this issue of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences are a testament to that fact. From the picosecond motions of single sidechains probed by NMR or fluorescence spectroscopy, to aggregation processes at interfaces that take months, all time scales play a role. Proteins are functional molecules, so by their nature they always interact with their environment. This environment includes water, other biomolecules, or larger cellular structures. In a sense, it also includes the protein molecule itself: proteins are large enough to fold and interact with themselves. These interactions have been honed by evolution to produce behaviors completely different from those of random polymers.
Antitumor properties of a new non-anticoagulant heparin analog from the mollusk Nodipecten nodosus: Effect on P-selectin, heparanase, metastasis and cellular recruitment (2014)

Inflammation and cancer are related pathologies acting synergistically to promote tumor progression. In both, hematogenous metastasis and inflammation, P-selectin participates in interactions involving tumor cells, platelets, leukocytes and endothelium. Heparin has been shown to inhibit P-selectin and as a consequence it blunts metastasis and inflammation. Some heparin analogs obtained from marine invertebrates are P-selectin inhibitors and do not induce bleeding effects. The present work focuses on the P-selectin blocking activity of a unique heparan sulfate (HS) from the bivalve mollusk Nodipecten nodosus. Initially, we showed that the mollusk HS inhibited LS180 colon carcinoma cell adhesion to immobilized P-selectin in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, we demonstrated that this glycan attenuates leukocyte rolling on activated endothelium and inflammatory cell recruitment in thioglycollate-induced peritonitis in mice. Biochemical analysis indicated that the invertebrate glycan also inhibits heparanase, a key player in cell invasion and metastasis. Experimental metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma cells was drastically attenuated by the mollusk HS through a mechanism involving inhibition of platelet-tumor-cell complex formation in blood vessels. These data suggest that the mollusk HS is a potential alternative to heparin for inhibiting P-selectin-mediated events such as metastasis and inflammatory cell recruitment.
Human-Centered Robotics and Interactive Haptic Simulation (2004)

A new field of robotics is emerging. Robots are today moving towards applications beyond the structured environment of a manufacturing plant. They are making their way into the everyday world that people inhabit. This paper focuses on models, strategies, and algorithms associated with the autonomous behaviors needed for robots to work, assist, and cooperate with humans. In addition to the new capabilities they bring to the physical robot, these models and algorithms and, more generally, the body of developments in robotics is having a significant impact on the virtual world. Haptic interaction with an accurate dynamic simulation provides unique insights into the real-world behaviors of physical systems. The potential applications of this emerging technology include virtual prototyping, animation, surgery, robotics, cooperative design, and education among many others. Haptics is one area where the computational requirement associated with the resolution in real time of the dynamics and contact forces of the virtual environment is particularly challenging. This paper describes various methodologies and algorithms that address the computational challenges associated with interactive simulations involving multiple contacts and impacts between human-like structures.
ChemInform Abstract: Development and Application of Effective Protocols for the Synthesis of Arylheteroarenes and Biheteroaryls, Including Bioactive Derivatives, by Highly Regioselective Transition Metal Catalyzed Direct Intermolecular Arylation Reactions of Five‐Membered Heteroarenes with (Hetero)aryl Halides (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
To be or not to be convex? A study on regularization in hyperspectral image classification (2015)

Hyperspectral image classification has long been dominated by convex models, which provide accurate decision functions exploiting all the features in the input space. However, the need for high geometrical details, which are often satisfied by using spatial filters, and the need for compact models (i.e. relying on models issued form reduced input spaces) has pushed research to study alternatives such as sparsity inducing regularization, which promotes models using only a subset of the input features. Although successful in reducing the number of active inputs, these models can be biased and sometimes offer sparsity at the cost of reduced accuracy. In this paper, we study the possibility of using non-convex regularization, which limits the bias induced by the regularization. We present and compare four regularizers, and then apply them to hyperspectral classification with different cost functions.
Infectivity determinants encoded in a conserved gene block of human herpesvirus-6 (1992)

The nucleotide sequence was determined for a 9.3 kb BamHI DNA fragment derived from a cosmid clone (Lorist 6) library of the 160 kb human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) strain U1102 genome. Analysis of the sequence showed two different sources for the DNA; 8.0 kb was derived from HHV-6, while 1.3 kb was derived from the right repeat of transposon Tn10, the insertion sequence (IS) element IS10R. The IS element sequence is shown to be derived from the host bacteria of the plasmid. The HHV-6 sequence represents a highly conserved part of the genome encoding 15% of the genes conserved among the other human herpesviruses in only 5% of the genome. Six genes were identified, five encoding products with amino acid sequence similarity to homologues in herpes simplex virus (HSV), Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV), human cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV). All had closest amino acid similarity to CMV proteins. Three clustered structural genes, included glycoprotein H, a major conserved determinant of infectivity, were jointed to a putative dUTPase homologue in an arrangement distinct to CMV and HHV-6. In the other herpes viruses these genes are separated by over 50 kb. The gene at this point of genetic rearrangement had no sequence similarity to proteins of other herpesviruses. However, there is a protein at this locus in CMV with similar composition and character. Both appear to be highly glycosylated, secreted glycoproteins with repetitive elements similar to those of human mucins. Comparison of sequence available in the HHV-6 GS strain also shows this to be a variable region (5% nucleotide differences) in an overall conserved DNA sequence (0.5%).
Modulation of fixation stiffness from flexible to stiff in a rat model of bone healing (2016)

Background and purpose - Constant fixator stiffness for the duration of healing may not provide suitable mechanical conditions for all stages of bone repair. We therefore investigated the influence of stiffening fixation on callus stiffness and morphology in a rat diaphyseal osteotomy model to determine whether healing time was shortened and callus stiffness increased through modulation of fixation from flexible to stiff. Material and methods - An external unilateral fixator was applied to the osteotomized femur and stiffened by decreasing the offset of the inner fixator bar at 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after operation. After 5 weeks, the rats were killed and healing was evaluated with mechanical, histological, and microcomputed tomography methods. Constant fixation stiffness control groups with either stiff or flexible fixation were included for comparison. Results - The callus stiffness of the stiff group and all 4 experimental groups was greater than in the flexible group. The callus of the flexible group was larger but contained a higher proportion of unmineralized tissue and cartilage. The stiff and modulated groups (3, 7, 14, and 21 days) all showed bony bridging at 5 weeks, as well as signs of callus remodeling. Stiffening fixation at 7 and 14 days after osteotomy produced the highest degree of callus bridging. Bone mineral density in the fracture gap was highest in animals in which the fixation was stiffened after 14 days. Interpretation - The predicted benefit of a large robust callus formed through early flexible fixation could not be shown, but the benefits of stabilizing a flexible construct to achieve timely healing were demonstrated at all time points.
Néoplasie endocrinienne multiple de type 1 : De la clinique au gène (2003)

peer reviewed
Sociodemographic determinants of early weaning: a Finnish birth cohort study in infants with human leucocyte antigen-conferred susceptibility to type 1 diabetes (2012)

Compliance was relatively poor with the current recommendations for the age of introducing complementary foods. Small-sized young families with less well-educated parents were most prone to introduce complementary foods early.
Some second order effects on interval based probabilities (2006)

In real-life decision analysis, the probabilities and values of consequences are in general vague and imprecise. One way to model imprecise probabilities is to represent a probability with the interval between the lowest possible and the highest possible probability, respectively. However, there are disadvantages with this approach, one being that when an event has several possible outcomes, the distributions of belief in the different probabilities are heavily concentrated to their centers of mass, meaning that much of the information of the original intervals are lost. Representing an imprecise probability with the distribution’s center of mass therefore in practice gives much the same result as using an interval, but a single number instead of an interval is computationally easier and avoids problems such as overlapping intervals. Using this, we demonstrate why second-order calculations can add information when handling imprecise representations, as is the case of decision trees or probabilistic networks. We suggest a measure of belief density for such intervals. We also demonstrate important properties when operating on general distributions. The results herein apply also to approaches which do not explicitly deal with second-order distributions, instead using only first-order concepts such as upper and lower bounds.
Recombinant interleukin 12 enhances cellular immune responses to vaccination only after a period of suppression. (1998)

Adjuvant use of recombinant murine IL-12 (rmIL-12) was examined in mice vaccinated with irradiated syngeneic tumor or allogeneic cells. rmIL-12 given to A/J mice vaccinated with irradiated SCK tumor cells engineered to secrete granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating factor resulted in significantly better protection from tumor challenges 28 days after vaccination but, unexpectedly, severely compromised host protection 14 days after vaccination. Immune suppression was rmIL-12 dose dependent and manifested as reduced splenic CTL activity, stimulated cytokine release and ability to reject SCK cells. Transient immune suppression was also seen with rmIL-12 given during vaccination of C3H/HeN mice with irradiated K1735 melanoma cells and of C57BL/6 mice with irradiated allogeneic HKB cells. The period of suppression coincided with transiently reduced splenic T-cell mitogenic responses to concanavalin A and IL-2, suggesting that they may be causally related. Suppression appears to be due to impaired immune effector mechanisms rather than impaired host immunization, which is actually enhanced as evidenced by the enhanced reaction to immunogens when hosts are challenged later after rmIL-12 administration. Demonstration that rmIL-12, as it is frequently used, induces a transient period of impaired immune response that can compromise host protection suggests that the unquestioned effectiveness of rmIL-12 against murine tumors is primarily due to activation of mechanisms other than antigen-specific tumor immunity (e.g., antiangiogenic effects) and that use of human IL-12 should be monitored for similar effects.
Histone Deacetylase 5 Acquires Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Kinase II Responsiveness by Oligomerization with Histone Deacetylase 4 (2008)

Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) phosphorylates histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4), a class IIa HDAC, resulting in the cytosolic accumulation of HDAC4 and the derepression of the transcription factor myocyte enhancer factor 2. Phosphorylation by CaMKII requires docking of the kinase to a specific domain of HDAC4 not present in other HDACs. Paradoxically, however, CaMKII signaling can also promote the nuclear export of other class IIa HDACs, such as HDAC5. Here, we show that HDAC4 and HDAC5 form homo- and hetero-oligomers via a conserved coiled-coil domain near their amino termini. Whereas HDAC5 alone is unresponsive to CaMKII, it becomes responsive to CaMKII in the presence of HDAC4. The acquisition of CaMKII responsiveness by HDAC5 is mediated by HDAC5's direct association with HDAC4 and can occur by phosphorylation of HDAC4 or by transphosphorylation by CaMKII bound to HDAC4. Thus, HDAC4 integrates upstream Ca(2+)-dependent signals via its association with CaMKII and transmits these signals to HDAC5 by protein-protein interactions. We conclude that HDAC4 represents a point of convergence for CaMKII signaling to downstream HDAC-regulated genes, and we suggest that modulation of the interaction of CaMKII and HDAC4 represents a means of regulating CaMKII-dependent gene programs.
Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia.A delayed complication of Hodgkin's disease therapy: Analysis of 109 cases (1977)

The use of combined modality therapy (irradiation and combinations of drugs) in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease has produced a significant improvement in survival, during which most patients lead an active and productive life. The estimated 1% incidence of leukemia in treated Hodgkin's disease patients, however, is greater than would be expected in the general population. There is a vast amount of literature which indicates that alkylating agents, procarbazine and irradiation are leukemogenic and immunosuppressive in animals and man. It is than conceivable that the current intensive treatment programs which use these agents are promoting the development of acute non-lymphocytic leukemia (ANLL). This leukemia has occurred most often in patients whose Hodgkin's disease is poorly controlled and who have received more aggressive therapy. The latent period from the diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease to the diagnosis of leukemia is significantly shorter (p less than .0005) in those patients who have received intensive and near maximal radiotherapy (total nodal irradiation), combination chemotherapy (MOPP or equivalent) or a sequential combination of the two modalities than similar patients who were treated with less than total nodal irradiation and or single agent chemotherapy. The following characteristic features have occurred with sufficient frequency to suggest that the subsequent leukemia is a distinct clinicopathological entity: pancytopenia, megaloblastoid marrow, nucleated red blood cells in the peripheral blood, random chromosomal aberrations of the bone marrow in most patients (94%), and refractoriness to antileukemia therapy (response rate 6.5%) with a very short survival (median one month).
Treg‐based immunotherapy of non‐infectious uveitis (<scp>NIU</scp>) (2015)

Purpose Col‐Treg is a T‐cell immunotherapy composed of autologous type‐1 regulatory T (Treg) cells specific for collagen‐II. Col‐Treg are tested in NIU mice as collagen‐II is present in the eye, allowing the triggering of their activity in situ. NIU is one of the most common cause of blindness in the developed world. Methods Col‐Treg cells are produced from blood of healthy volunteers or splenocytes of mice transgenic for collagen‐II‐specific TCR. Cells are characterized for marker expression using FACS and for in‐vitro immuno‐modulatory function. NIU model was induced by IRPB immunization. In‐vivo efficacy was evaluated with ophthalmoscopy histology, pro‐inflammatory cytokines analysis. In‐vivo tracking was performed using a Col‐Treg TCR specific quantitative PCR. Results Col‐Treg secrete IL10, IL13 and express GITR, CD39 and Granzyme B, molecules involved in the control of inflammation. Col‐Treg hydrolyse ATP, kill myeloid cells and inhibit T effector cell IL17 and IFNg secretion. Intravenous administration of Col‐Treg inhibited ocular inflammation in NUI mice with reduction of cellular infiltrates, IL1β, IL6, TNFα. In‐vivo‐tracking demonstrated a tropism of Col‐Treg for inflammatory eyes. In‐vivo GLP toxicity study in healthy mice did not revealed Col‐Treg related adverse events. Characterization of human Col‐Treg GMP batches demonstrated comparability with mouse Col‐Treg for marker expression and in vitro function. Conclusions These data demonstrate the safety and efficacy of Col‐Treg administration for the treatment of NIU in mice, suggesting that Col‐Treg could be used as a therapeutic tool for patients with non‐infectious uveitis refractory to approved medications.
ChemInform Abstract: Friedel‐Crafts Cyclization of 2‐(3‐Indolylthio)propionic Acids. An Unusual Rearrangement Leading to 4‐Sulfur‐Substituted Tricyclic Indoles. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
[Difficulties with pharmacologic treatment of a patient with atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia]. (1993)

A case history of a 38 year old teacher with AVNRT is described. She had been treated for 11 years with 11 antiarrhythmic drugs in various combinations. No treatment prevented recurrence of arrhythmia. During long term treatment with class IA, IC, II, III and IV antiarrhythmic drugs, various side effects occurred. There was also suspicion of proarrhythmic effect, especially of prajmaline. Some of the drugs terminated tachycardia while administered intravenously. But often deep hypotonia, heart automatism disturbances and even asystole occurred, MAS syndrome occurred 5 times. The patient was referred to our laboratory to perform percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of the slow pathway. The procedure was performed without any complications. Efficacy of the ablation was proved by electrophysiologic study before and after intravenous atropine administration. During the 11 months follow-up the patient had no tachycardia. She is on no antiarrhythmic medication and continues her normal activity.
Organometallic compounds of Group III. 40. Kinetic control and locoselectivity in the electrophilic cleavage of allylic aluminum compounds: reactions of acenaphthenylaluminum reagents with carbonyl substrates (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrganometallic compounds of Group III. 40. Kinetic control and locoselectivity in the electrophilic cleavage of allylic aluminum compounds: reactions of acenaphthenylaluminum reagents with carbonyl substratesJohn J. Eisch and Kenneth C. FichterCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1984, 49, 24, 4631–4639Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00198a011https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00198a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views317Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts