gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sequential Pre-Coding for MIMO Hybrid ARQ (2010)

While the conventional codebook is defined only for the initial transmission in the closed-loop MIMO system, this paper proposes a new retransmission structure with a sequence of multiple codebooks, rather than using a single identical codebook for every retransmission. The pre-coding matrices in each codebook are sequentially linked so that each one can be used for a sequential hybrid ARQ transmission attempt, without invoking any index feedback from the receiver. It has been shown that the proposed codebook structure provides a performance gain of more than 5dB over the conventional scheme in the long-term-static channel.
Precision Rhinoplasty. Part I (1988)

I describe a simple technique of full-scale life-size photography using marker/stickers and a ruler at the side of the face as an index for magnification. I also report a technique of soft-tissue cephalometric analysis that consists of some new proportions and some old angles and measurements. This technique will enable the plastic surgeon, even if not artistically inclined, to draw an aesthetically pleasing and very proportionate profile outline of the nose and measure the proportions of the front view on the majority of patients. The difference between the patient's nasal outline and the planned nasal definition is then measured and expressed in quarters of millimeters to give the surgeon a very precise numeric guide for surgery. This will help the plastic surgeon define the aesthetic goals very accurately and also might be helpful in detecting other facial disharmonies that might be influential in the outcome of the rhinoplasty. Using this technique of analysis, along with the prediction guidelines extrapolated from my study on soft-tissue response to surgical alteration, one can develop a fairly predictable approach to rhinoplasty.
Stable carbonium ions. XLVI. Protonated acetyland benzoylpyridinium ions (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStable carbonium ions. XLVI. Protonated acetyland benzoylpyridinium ionsGeorge A. Olah and Mihai. CalinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1967, 89, 18, 4736–4738Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00994a029https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00994a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views59Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An Acute Effect of Neuregulin 1β to Suppress α7-Containing Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Hippocampal Interneurons (2006)

We examined rapid effects of neuregulin (NRG) on nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors in interneurons located in the stratum radiatum of the hippocampus. Two types of response were detected by whole-cell recordings after brief pulses of ACh. One type was a rapidly rising and falling (monophasic) current that was blocked by methyllycaconitine. The other type was a similar fast response followed by a more slowly rising and falling current. The slow component of the biphasic response was resistant to methyllycaconitine. Perfusion or local application with NRG 1beta rapidly decreased fast inward ACh currents. NRG 1beta had no effect on slow responses. NRG 1beta suppression was abolished by the ErbB tyrosine kinase inhibitor PD 158780 (4-[(3-bromophenyl) amino]-6-(methylamino)-pyrido[3,4-d]pyridimine). The NRG 1beta effect was also inhibited by phalloidin and cytochalasin D. Furthermore, NRG 1beta decreased the number of surface Alexa Fluor 488 alpha-bungarotoxin binding sites. We believe that the NRG 1beta-induced inhibition of ACh currents is because of receptor internalization trigged by protein tyrosine phosphorylation. Significantly, fast nicotinic EPSCs evoked in the presence of muscarinic, ionotropic glutamate, and GABA receptors antagonists were also reduced by NRG 1beta. Thus, short-term as well as long-term effects of NRG must be taken into consideration in studies of ACh receptor-mediated synaptic efficacy in the CNS.
Retinal microvascular signs and risk of stroke and stroke mortality (2005)

In older Australians without diabetes, retinopathy signs predict stroke or stroke-related death independent of traditional stroke risk factors.
Feedback Controlled Software Systems (2003)

Abstract: Software systems generally su®er from a certain fragility in the face of \\disturbances &quot; such as bugs, unforseen user input, unmodeled interactions with other software components, and so on. A single such disturbance can make the machine on which the software is executing hang or crash. What seems to be required to address this fragility is a general means of using feedback to stabilize these systems. In this paper we develop a preliminary dynamical systems model of iterative software processes along with the conceptual framework for \\stabiliz-ing &quot; them in the presence of disturbances. To keep the computational burden of the controllers we design low, randomization and approximation are used. We describe initial attemps to apply the model to a faulty list sorter, using feedback to improve its performance. Methods by which software robustness can be en-hanced by distributing a task between nodes which are capable of selecting the \\best &quot; input to process are also examined, and the particular case of a sorting system consisting of a network of partial sorters, some of which may be buggy or even malicious, is examined. 1
In-vitro susceptibility of <i>Pseudomonas pseudomallei</i>to DNA gyrase inhibitors (1987)

Journal Article In-vitro susceptibility of Pseudomonas pseudomalleito DNA gyrase inhibitors Get access STEPHEN H. GILLESPIE, STEPHEN H. GILLESPIE aDepartment of Clinical Tropical Medicine, The London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineKeppel Street, London WC1E 7HT Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar DAVID W. McENIRY, DAVID W. McENIRY aDepartment of Clinical Tropical Medicine, The London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineKeppel Street, London WC1E 7HT Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar DAVID FELMINGHAM DAVID FELMINGHAM bDepartment of Microbiology, University College Hospital, University StreetLondon WCIE 6JJ, England Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Volume 20, Issue 4, October 1987, Pages 612–614, https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/20.4.612 Published: 01 October 1987
Relation between serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and prognosis in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (2013)

In patients with HCM, elevated NT-proBNP concentration is a strong predictor of overall prognosis, particularly HF-related death and transplantation.
Demonstration ofImageCompression inaLow-Bandwidth Wireless CameraNetwork (2007)

HARDWARE PLATFORM Thispaperpresents anoverview ofourdemonstration ofa 2.1 FleckTM.3 low-bandwidth, wireless cameranetwork whereimagecom- A keyaspect ofourworkhasbeeninthedevelopment pression isundertaken ateachnode.We briefly introduce ofa new,robust hardware platform foroutdoor use.In- theFleckTM hardware platform wehavedeveloped aswell spired bytheoriginal Berkeley mote,since 2002wehave asdescribe theimagecompression algorithm whichrunson developed anumberofgenerations ofdevices knownasthe individual nodes. Thedemowill showreal-time imagedata FleckTM(3,4). Ourcurrent version, FleckTM-3, consists of comingbacktobaseasindividual cameranodesareadded anAtmegal28 micro-controller running at8MHz,aNordic tothenetwork. NRF905radiotransceiver witha bit-rate of76.8kbits/s, plusanumberofkeydesign features whichmaketheplat-
Overlay metrology at the crossroads (2008)

The introduction of new techniques such as double patterning will reduce overlay process tolerance much faster than the rate at which critical feature dimensions are shrinking. In order to control such processes measurements with uncertainties under 0.4nm are desirable today and will become essential within the next few years. This very small error budget leads to questions about the capability of the imaging technology used in overlay tools today and to evaluation of potential replacement techniques. In this paper we will show that while imaging technology is in principle capable of meeting this requirement, the real uncertainty in overlay within devices falls well short of the levels needed. A proper comparison between techniques needs to focus on all of the possible sources of error, and especially those that cannot be simply reduced by calibration or by repeating measurements. On that basis there are more significant problems than the relative capability of different measurement techniques. We will discuss a method by which overlay within the device area can be controlled to the required tolerance.
Electron Cyclotron Resonance Discharge of Gas Sublimated from Decaborane by CO<sub>2</sub> Laser Irradiation (1993)

Stable plasmas are produced by electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) discharge of gas sublimated from decaborane in the solid state by CO 2 laser irradiation. Spectroscopic measurements of resonance line emissions reveal that the density of the sublimation gas is proportional to the square root of the input power of the CO 2 laser. Emissions from boron atoms are due to dissociative excitation of the gas, and those from the ions are due to excitation after dissociative ionization. The electron temperature and the density of helium plasmas are about 6 eV and (0.5–3.0) ×10^11 c m ^-3, i n t h e r e s o n a n c e r e g i o n , r e s p e c t i v e l y . H y d r o g e n a t e d b o r o n f i l m s a r e p r e p a r e d u s i n g E C R d i s c h a r g e o f t h e s u b l i m a t i o n g a s u n d e r c o n d i t i o n s o f s u b s t r a t e t e m p e r a t u r e o f 230^° C a n d t h e a p p l i e d v o l t a g e o f - 55 V . T h e d e p o s i t i o n r a t e i s a b o u t 17 Å/ s a n d h y d r o g e n</jats:ita
Histochemical demonstration of zinc ions in ejaculated human semen (1997)

A revised in-vitro technique for autometallographic demonstration of chelatable zinc in the human ejaculate is presented, and the localization of the loosely bound pool of zinc ions is described in semen smears and at the ultrastructural level. In semen smears, black autometallographic (AMG) grains indicated the presence of zinc ions dispersed between the spermatozoa. These AMG grains have the same size as grains associated with the sperm tail and may have the same origin. EM analysis of AMG-developed smears fixed in osmium suggested that the detected zinc ions might be related to huge protein molecules present in semen and adhering to the surface of the spermatozoa. Spermatozoa in AMG-stained smears exhibited zinc ions in the midpiece and head, and also joined to the membrane of the tail. Washed spermatozoa exhibited zinc ions only within the midpiece. Ultrastructurally, they were found located in the helecine mitochondria. A few grains were found in the acrosome of the washed spermatozoa. Treatment with the chelating agent DEDTC resulted in complete bleaching of the zinc staining. These findings and the fact that calcium EDTA acid blocks the plasma and surface staining, but not the acrosomal and mitochondrial staining, suggest that chelatable zinc ions exist in two separate pools in human semen.
Location of sites that inhibit progression of replication forks in the terminus region of Escherichia coli (1988)

We used a Southern hybridization assay to locate precisely the sites at which DNA replication is arrested in the terminus region of the Escherichia coli chromosome. The assay was based on the properties of restriction fragments that contain stalled replication forks. Replication forks that entered the terminus from the clockwise direction with respect to the genetic map were inhibited near manA at a site called T2, which we located at kilobase 442 on the physical map of Bouché (J. P. Bouché, J. Mol. Biol. 154:1-20, 1982). Those that entered the terminus region traveling in the counterclockwise direction were inhibited near pyrF at a site called T1, which we located at kilobase 90. In each case we found only a single, precise site of arrest. Inhibition at T1 was not detectable in our assay in strains lacking the trans-acting locus tus, which is located near T2 and is required for T1 to function. We demonstrated that the sites of inhibition are also used during termination of replication in exponentially growing, wild-type cells. In all previous studies on the terminus of E. coli, inhibition has only been detected in strains that were modified so that the origin used was placed near the terminus to force the use of the sites of inhibition.
Binding of Alkenes to ReS<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup> (1999)

The tetrathioperrhenate anion, ReS4- (1), is shown to form adducts with a variety of alkenes. The alkene adducts form reversibly, and those of norbornene and norbornadiene were isolated. For norbornene, the Keq's range from 12 000 (CH2Cl2 solution) to 2650 M-1 (pyridine solution). The following values were determined (MeCN soln): ΔH = −53 kJ mol-1 and ΔS = −98 J·mol-1·K-1. The solid-state structures of adducts derived from norbornene and norbornadiene, Ph4P[ReS2(S2C7H10)] (2) and (Ph4P)2[(ReS2)2(S4C7H8)], respectively, reveal tetrahedral Re centers wherein the Re−SR bonds are elongated by 0.1 Å compared to those in 1. Additionally, the RS−Re−SR angle is contracted to 86.7°, reflecting the constraint of the chelate backbone. Electrochemical measurements show that the reduction of 2 induces dissociation of norbornene from ReS42-. Ethylene binds to 1 only weakly at room temperature, but this adduct is directly observable by low-temperature UV/vis spectroscopy. The adduct of dimethyl maleate and 1 could only be observed in the neat alkene; 1 does not catalyze the isomerization of dimethyl maleate to dimethyl fumarate.
Identification of disulfiram as a secretase-modulating compound with beneficial effects on Alzheimer’s disease hallmarks (2018)

ADAM10 is a metalloproteinase acting on the amyloid precursor protein (APP) as an alpha-secretase in neurons. Its enzymatic activity results in secretion of a neuroprotective APP cleavage product (sAPP-alpha) and prevents formation of the amyloidogenic A-beta peptides, major hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Elevated ADAM10 levels appeared to contribute to attenuation of A-beta-plaque formation and learning and memory deficits in AD mouse models. Therefore, it has been assumed that ADAM10 might represent a valuable target in AD therapy. Here we screened a FDA-approved drug library and identified disulfiram as a novel ADAM10 gene expression enhancer. Disulfiram increased ADAM10 production as well as sAPP-alpha in SH-SY5Y human neuronal cells and additionally prevented A-beta aggregation in an in vitro assay in a dose-dependent fashion. In addition, acute disulfiram treatment of Alzheimer model mice induced ADAM10 expression in peripheral blood cells, reduced plaque-burden in the dentate gyrus and ameliorated behavioral deficits. Alcohol-dependent patients are subjected to disulfiram-treatment to discourage alcohol-consumption. In such patients, enhancement of ADAM10 by disulfiram-treatment was demonstrated in peripheral blood cells. Our data suggest that disulfiram could be repurposed as an ADAM10 enhancer and AD therapeutic. However, efficacy and safety has to be analyzed in Alzheimer patients in the future.
Development of Mixing and Dispersion in an Isothermal, Droplet-laden, Confined Turbulent Mixing Layer (1997)

Abstract This article concerns an experimental study of dispersion of liquid droplets in a confined, turbulent mixing layer. An ambient temperature air stream is seeded with dilute, polydisperse water droplets and it is brought into contact with another ambient temperature air stream at a different velocity in a planar, confined mixing layer confirguration. The gaseous mixing layer is first characterized using hot wire anemometry including mean and rms streamwise velocities and turbulence power spectra. Measured mixing layer parameters are found to compare favorably with those reported in the literature. Next, measurements of droplet field are conducted using a single component phase Doppler anemomenter. Time averaged measurements of droplet size, velocity, number density and volume flux at different velocity ratios are presented in the early part of spatially developing, confined mixing layers. Droplet dispersion is found to be strongly size selective in the early part with the small droplets being dispersed into the mixing layer much more effectively than the larger droplets. This process results in a buildup of small droplets inside the early part of the mixing layer. However, large droplets are eventually entrained into the mixing layer and this imbalance gradually disappears at farther downstream distances. The growth of the droplet concentration thickness in the layer is found to depend on the droplet size and the shear parameter λ = (Ud− Ua)/(Ud+Ua) across the layer with Ud and Ua being the droplet laden and other air stream velocities. When concentration thicknesses and the streamwise coordinate are normalized by a length scale proportional to particle diameter squared multiplied by δU=2Udλ/(λ + 1) the experimental data are found to collapse onto a universal trend accounting for different droplet sizes and mixing layer shear. While differential dispersion of droplets is affected by the shear, total liquid volume flux distributions do not reflect such differences due to the lesser contribution of small droplets to the total liquid volume flux. Keywords: Two phase flowsmixing layersturbulenceparticle dispersion Additional informationNotes on contributorsB. M. CETEGEN Corresponding author
Multidrug resistance gene (MDR1) polymorphisms are associated with major molecular responses to standard-dose imatinib in chronic myeloid leukemia (2008)

Despite the excellent efficacy of imatinib in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), the response in patients is heterogeneous, which may in part be caused by pharmacogenetic variability. Imatinib has been reported to be a substrate of the P-glycoprotein pump. In the current study, we focused on the ABCB1 (MDR1) genotype. We analyzed the 3 most relevant single nucleotide polymorphisms of MDR1 in 90 CML patients treated with imatinib. Among the patients homozygous for allele 1236T, 85% achieved a major molecular response versus 47.7% for the other genotypes (P = .003). For the 2677G>T/A polymorphism, the presence of G allele was associated with worse response (77.8%, TT/TA; vs 47.1%, GG/GA/GT; P = .018). Patients with 1236TT genotype had higher imatinib concentrations. One of the haplotypes (1236C-2677G-3435C) was statistically linked to less frequent major molecular response (70% vs 44.6%; P = .021). Hence, we demonstrated the usefulness of these single nucleotide polymorphisms in the identification of CML who may or may not respond optimally to imatinib.
A new device for the generation of microbubbles (2004)

In this paper we present a new method for the production of bubble-liquid suspensions (from now on BLS) composed of micron-sized bubbles and with gas to liquid volume ratios larger than unity. We show that the BLS gas fraction λ=Qg/Ql, being Qg and Ql the flow rates of gas and liquid, respectively, is controlled by a dimensionless parameter which accounts for the ratio of the gas pressure inside the device to the liquid viscous pressure drop from the orifices where the liquid is injected to the exit, where the BLS is obtained. This parameter permits the correct scaling of the BLS gas volume fraction of all the experiments presented.
Transforming Growth Factor-β Induces Expression of Receptor Activator of NF-κB Ligand in Vascular Endothelial Cells Derived from Bone (2002)

Vascular endothelial cells in bone are thought to have significant roles on pathological bone resorption such as bone metastasis and hypercalcemia because this resorption is often seen where blood vessels are abundant. However, the detailed mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. Here, we focused on transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and studied its effects on vascular endothelial cells because TGF-beta is abundantly stored in bone matrix and is released and activated during bone resorption. We found that TGF-beta up-regulated the expression of receptor activator of NF-kappa B ligand (RANKL) mRNA and protein in bone marrow-derived endothelial cells and in primary vascular endothelial cells but not in osteoblasts. Further analysis revealed that TGF-beta promoted phosphorylation of cAMP response element-binding protein and p38. Protein kinase A inhibitor KT5720 and p38 inhibitor SB203580 significantly reduced the TGF-beta-induced RANKL expression. Moreover, we found two CRE-like domains in murine RANKL promoter region that were critical for TGF-beta-dependent RANKL expression. Therefore, protein kinase A and p38 signaling pathways are involved in TGF-beta-induced RANKL expression by stimulating transcription factors that bind to the CRE-like domains. Our findings indicate that TGF-beta stimulates osteoclastogenesis by promoting RANKL expression in endothelial cells under pathological conditions.
Neutrophil depletion attenuates placental ischemia‐induced hypertension in rat (2013)

Preeclampsia is characterized by compromised placental perfusion and hypertension during pregnancy. Preeclamptic women exhibit a greater number of neutrophils (PMN) in the vasculature and a decrease in plasma free vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) compared to normal pregnancy. Hypothesis PMN are critical to placental ischemia‐induced hypertension and decreased VEGF. Using the reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) model of placental ischemia‐induced hypertension, we determined the effect of PMN depletion on blood pressure and plasma VEGF. PMN were depleted with repeated injections of polyclonal rabbit anti‐rat neutrophil antibody (αPMN). On gestation day 14, clips were placed on the abdominal aorta and uterine arteries to decrease placental perfusion. RUPP and Sham rats received either αPMN or normal rabbit serum (Ctl) on gestation days 13, 14, 16, and 18, and mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured via arterial catheter on day 19. PMN‐depleted rats had reduced circulating PMN (p<0.05) on day 14 compared to Ctl. MAP increased (p<0.05) in RUPP Ctl vs Sham Ctl rats, and PMN depletion attenuated this increase in MAP in RUPP rats (p=0.04) without any effect on Sham rats. The RUPP‐induced decrease in VEGF was not affected by PMN depletion. Thus, neutrophils are important in placental ischemia‐induced hypertension independent of plasma free VEGF concentrations. Support: NIH R15 HL109843.