gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fluid mechanics of molten metal droplets in additive manufacturing (2016)

Among basic problems associated with additive manufacturing of metal objects by accretion of moltenmetal droplets is a number of questions of fluid-mechanical character. Authors concentrate attention on two alternative designs of droplets generation: one using centrifugal force and the other with liquid surface deformed electrostatically into a cone producing the droplets at its tip.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,1′‐Azonorbornane Radical Cation. A Solution‐Stable Azoalkane Radical Cation. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Isomerisierung von Benzoylalkylidenschwefeltetrafluoriden C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>COCRSF<sub>4</sub> zu Dihydrooxathiet‐Derivaten (1990)

Dihydrooxathiete 3 statt der erwarteten Benzoylalkylidenschwefeltetrafluoride 2 entstehen bei der Behandlung von 1 mit NaOH. Diese Reaktion erfordert eine Verdrillung um die CS‐Bindung, die als Rotation, Pseudorotation oder Kombination beider Mechanismen erfolgen kann. R = H,Br. magnified image
A third-generation digital optical computer (1993)

A third generation digital optical computer (DOC III) which is currently being developed by OptiComp Corp. is described. DOC III integrates GaAs technology with global optical interconnects and will achieve multipurpose functionality at speeds up to 10 exp 14 bit operations per second. The DOC III project based on a second-generation digital optical computer employs N4 global interconnect technology. Smart pixel technology which is further developed in DOC III within a GaAs smart pixel design makes it possible to reduce the power consumption and the package size, and to increase the throughput of the system. 6 refs.
`Barbara Bush' Bluebonnet (Lupinus texensis Hook.) (1994)

Additional index words. bedding plant, flower color, lupine, ornamentals breeding one month after anthesis, are densely pubescent, and contain four to seven seeds each. Weight per 100 seeds is 3.5 g. Seeds are light brown, occasionally speckled with black.
Isolation and characterization of acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase from Methanothrix soehngenii (1989)

In Methanothrix soehngenii, acetate is activated to acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) by an acetyl-CoA synthetase. Cell extracts contained high activities of adenylate kinase and pyrophosphatase, but no activities of a pyrophosphate:AMP and pyrophosphate:ADP phosphotransferase, indicating that the activation of 1 acetate in Methanothrix requires 2 ATP. Acetyl-CoA synthetase was purified 22-fold in four steps to apparent homogeneity. The native molecular mass of the enzyme from M. soehngenii estimated by gel filtration was 148 kilodaltons (kDa). The enzyme was composed of two subunits with a molecular mass of 73 kDa in an alpha 2 oligomeric structure. The acetyl-CoA synthetase constituted up to 4% of the soluble cell protein. At the optimum pH of 8.5, the Vmax was 55 mumol of acetyl-CoA formed per min per mg of protein. Analysis of enzyme kinetic properties revealed a Km of 0.86 mM for acetate and 48 microM for coenzyme A. With varying amounts of ATP, weak sigmoidal kinetic was observed. The Hill plot gave a slope of 1.58 +/- 0.12, suggesting two interacting substrate sites for the ATP. The kinetic properties of the acetyl-CoA synthetase can explain the high affinity for acetate of Methanothrix soehngenii.
Fan beam collimation with off center focus for simultaneous emission/transmission SPECT in multi-camera SPECT systems (1994)

A practical method is introduced to overcome the truncation difficulties inherent in the centered fan beam/line source method of transmission scanning for SPECT attenuation correction. By offsetting the focal point of the fan beam collimator, the untruncated FOV can be increased. The maximum increase occurs when a marginal ray of the offset-fan collimator passes through the center-of-rotation, and gives a FOV nearly double that of a centered fan. Initial tests of the offset fan concept used a slit collimator Am-241 point source placed 62.5 cm away from the crystal face of an uncollimated gamma camera. The point source was located 18.25 cm to one side of the central axis. A 22.2 cm diameter cylindrical phantom with various inserts was imaged. Transmission projections were acquired with 3.2 mm sampling, 90 views in 360{degrees}. These projections were rebinned into a set of 45 parallel-beam projections in 180{degrees} and re-constructed by filtered back projection. Excellent images were obtained with no visible distortion or hot ring artifacts. The phantom was 6 cm off center, showing that a 34 cm FOV could be reconstructed without truncation distortions and without resorting to iterative reconstruction. Offset-fan designs for a triple headed SPECT system with 40 cm detectorsmore » show that an untruncated FOV of 37 cm diameter can be obtained. For dual-head cameras with 53 cm detectors, the FOV is 49 cm. Phantom and human studies were performed with an offset-fan collimator on a triple head SPECT system with simultaneous emission/transmission (Tl-201/Am-241) acquisition. The offset-fan beam design avoids truncation difficulties of the centered fan geometry for multi-head SPECT systems and provides the greater FOV needed for untruncated attenuation correction in cardiac SPECT studies.« less
Editorial Comment (2017)

No AccessJournal of UrologyAdult Urology1 Oct 2017Editorial Comment Francesco Porpiglia and Riccardo Bertolo Francesco PorpigliaFrancesco Porpiglia More articles by this author and Riccardo BertoloRiccardo Bertolo More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2017.04.121AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Editorial Comment." The Journal of Urology, 198(4), p. 794 References 1 : Estimated glomerular filtration rate, renal scan and volumetric assessment of the kidney before and after partial nephrectomy: review of the current literature. Minerva Urol Nefrol2017; 10.23736/S0393-2249.17.02865-X. Crossref, Google Scholar 2 : Single-layer versus double-layer renorrhaphy during minimally-invasive partial nephrectomy: are there effects on renal function?. Eur Urol2016; 15: 236. Google Scholar © 2017 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 198Issue 4October 2017Page: 794 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2017 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Francesco Porpiglia More articles by this author Riccardo Bertolo More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Laser-induced plasma spectroscopy (LIPS) in the VUV-possibilities and limitations (2004)

Laser-induced plasma spectroscopy (LIPS) is a powerful tool for the multielement analysis of a huge variety of solid, liquid, and gaseous samples of industrial relevance. The objective of this paper is to extend the range of elements, which can be analyzed by LIPS, via observation of atomic emission in the VUV range. Two experimental set-ups for VUV-LIPS are presented: a set-up for bulk analysis based on conventional Czerny-Turner monochromator and a new echelle spectrograph for high spectral resolution (>10000) in the spectral range 150-300 nm.
On-line computers in research. High-resolution mass spectrometry (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOn-line computers in research. High-resolution mass spectrometryRengachari Venkataraghavan, Richard J. Klimowski, and Fred W. McLaffertyCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1970, 3, 5, 158–165Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar50029a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ar50029a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views65Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Adaptive Nulling at HF Using a Compact Array of Active Parasitic Antennas. (1985)

This parasitic array is a promising method of building an adaptive array in a tiny aperture. This is particularly attractive for HF. Both theory and experimental results are presented. The theory is established with respect to two models of a compact array, an impedance model and a transmission line model. The relationship between the models are derived. The models are then used to explore the null forming and adaptive control, with an emphasis on active terminations. Zeger-Abrams designed an electronically variable active termination. Experimental results were obtained from an array both passive and active terminations. Empirical results with active complex-valued terminations demonstrated the feasibility of simultaneously nulling multiple HF jammers with an adaptively controlled compact array having parasitic auxilliary elements and an unweighted main antenna. Finally, an algorithm to adaptively control the active terminations is derived. Originator-supplied keywords include: Active Parasitic Antennas, Adaptive Array, Complex Gradients, ECCM, Gradient Control, HF, Interference Cancellation, Nonlinear Control, Nulling Array, Parasitic Array, Scattering Parameters, Spatial Interference, and Cancellation.
Ultraviolet Spectrophotometric Determination of Aluminum with Tiron Application to the State Analysis of HydroxoaquoAluminum Complexes in Aqueous Solution (1967)

チロンによるアルミニウムの紫外吸光光度定量法について検討した。チロンーアルミニウム錯体の組成は,pH5.5～7では1:2,pH8以上では1:3であり,その生成定数はそれぞれK1,2=1013.60,K1,3=109.88(0.1N 硝酸カリウム,20.0±0.1℃)である。1:2錯体(Al[C6H2(SO3)2O2]25-)は,波長258mμ および310mμ に吸収極大を有し,pH5.8～6.8でほぼ一定の吸光度を示す(310mμ で分子吸光係数約1.3×104)。Al3+イオンとの反応速度はきわめて大きく,反応は30秒以内に平衡に達し,4時間以上一定の吸光度を示した。一部中和したのち熟成した過塩素酸アルミニウム溶液とチロンの反応を検討した結果,チロンと瞬間的に反応する錯体(単核錯体と推定される)と,見かけ上,一次反応速度式および0次反応速度式にしたがう錯体(それぞれ異種の多核錯体と推定される)とが存在することがわかった。この性質を利用して,これらの錆体を速度論的に区別して定量する可能性について論じた。
On the Stability of Input-Output Operators in Nonlinear Systems with Multiple Attractors (1989)

We examine the input-output stability of attractors of nonlinear systems to perturbations of finite duration in time. In a low-parameter family of such perturbations, and using techniques from the theory of dynamical systems, we formulate a boundary value problem for the location of critical perturbations, marking the boundary of stability. An intricate pattern of stability and instability is found in a simple illustrative example (the CSTR with a single reaction).
Determination of residues of 2-methyl-2-(methylthio)propionaldehyde O-(methylcarbamoyl)oxime (UC-21149, Temik), its sulfoxide, and its sulfone by gas chromatography (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of residues of 2-methyl-2-(methylthio)propionaldehyde O-(methylcarbamoyl)oxime (UC-21149, Temik), its sulfoxide, and its sulfone by gas chromatographyJ. C. Maitlen, L. M. McDonough, and Morton. BerozaCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1968, 16, 4, 549–553Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60158a003https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60158a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views41Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: METAL‐ALKYL BOND DISSOCIATION ENERGIES IN ORGANOCOBALT COMPOUNDS RELATED TO VITAMIN B12 COENZYMES (1980)

Abstract Für die Gleichgewichtsreaktion des Co‐Komplexes (I) zu (II) und (III) bei Raumtemp. unter H, wird die Gleichgewichtskonstante und die Kinetik bestimmt.
High resolution studies of atoms and small molecules (1992)

High resolution, continuous wave lasers have been utilized successfully in studies of small molecules. Examples of two-photon excitation schemes and of multiple resonance excitation sequences will be discussed within the framework of the spectroscopy and dynamics of selected Rydberg states of nitric oxide. Initial results on the circular dichroism of angular distributions in photoelectron spectra of individual hyperfine states of cesium will also be discussed, but no data given.
Temperature dependent dielectric and magnetic properties of GdFe1−xNixO3 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.3) orthoferrites (2014)

The polycrystalline samples of GdFe1−xNixO3 (x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) orthoferrites are synthesized via solid state reaction route. The Rietveld fitted X-ray diffraction patterns confirm the formation of orthorhombic phase with Pbnm space group for all the samples. The dielectric measurements reveal an enhancement in dielectric constant and tangent loss with increase in both temperature as well as Nickel (Ni) substitution. Dielectric studies are also in support with the induction of delocalized charge carriers in the GdFeO3 matrix with increasing Ni doping. Magnetization versus applied field study shows the non-saturating hysteresis curves suggesting the canted type antiferromagnetic behavior in the considered orthoferrites. Moreover, the observed magnetic behavior is complex and the doping affects the magnitude of magnetization differently at 300 K and 80 K. It has further been noticed that the incorporated Ni3+ ions enhances the symmetry of the magnetization curves. The as-prepared samples may find their applications in the decoupling capacitors.
Asymmetric Hydrogenation and Other Methods for the Synthesis of Unnatural Amino Acids and Derivatives (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Infection‐mediated early‐onset periodontal disease in P/E‐selectin‐deficient mice (2001)

These experiments provide the first prospective evidence for the multiple risk factor hypothesis of periodontal disease, and validate the first animal model for early onset periodontitis in which both the microbiota and host response can be systematically manipulated. P/E-/- animals should be useful in testing the virulence of putative periodontal pathogens, in determining the role of host resistance factors in periodontitis, in exploring the proposed relationship(s) between infection mediated alveolar bone loss and systemic health disorders, and exploring their genetic relationships.
Kurtosis fractional anisotropy, its contrast and estimation by proxy (2016)

The diffusion kurtosis observed with diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) may vary with direction. This directional variation is summarized in the scalar kurtosis fractional anisotropy (KFA). Recent studies suggest that kurtosis anisotropy offers microstructural contrast not contained in other commonly used dMRI markers. We compare KFA to other dMRI contrasts in fixed rat brain and in human brain. We then investigate the observed contrast differences using data obtained in a physical phantom and simulations based on data from the phantom, rat spinal cord, and human brain. Lastly, we assess a strategy for rapid estimation of a computationally modest KFA proxy by evaluating its correlation to true KFA for varying number of sampling directions and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) levels. We also map this proxy's b-value dependency. We find that KFA supplements the contrast of other dMRI metrics - particularly fractional anisotropy (FA) which vanishes in near orthogonal fiber arrangements where KFA does not. Simulations and phantom data support this interpretation. KFA therefore supplements FA and could be useful for evaluation of complex tissue arrangements. The KFA proxy is strongly correlated to true KFA when sampling is performed along at least nine directions and SNR is high.
In Vitro Enrichment of Tumor‐Initiating Cells from Human Established Cell Lines (2013)

This unit describes protocols for culturing and subsequently enriching cancer stem cells (CSCs), also referred to as tumor-initiating cells (TICs), from human established cell lines. TICs are thought to display the major cell population in the tumor with the proliferative capacity to seed tumors, implying that they( )are critical in initiating and driving tumorigenesis. The protocols show the methods for enriching and subsequently characterizing TIC populations from a series of human tumors including glioblastoma, breast, and pancreatic tumors. Protocols evaluating the morphology, phenotypic, and functional properties of TICs are described. Long-term cultures grown either as monolayers ("TIC-low") or as non-adherent tumor spheres ("TIC-high") are generated. As a result, cells from the TIC-high culture exhibit increased expression of stem cell surface markers, such as CD133, CD44, and CD24, high aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity, and elevated expression levels of p21, in comparison to cells from the TIC-low culture. Studying TICs by using such protocols is cost effective and is considered as a suitable and simple way for studying them.
Insecticide Susceptibility in Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) from French Polynesia (1994)

Susceptibility to six organophosphate (OP), two pyrethroid (PY), and one carbamate (C) insecticides was investigated in Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus Say, Aedes aegypti (L.), and Aedes polynesiensis Marks larvae from the island of Tahiti. Cx. p. quinquefasciatus and Ae. aegypti were compared with susceptible reference strains treated simultaneously. A low, but significant, resistance to bromophos (4.6x), chlorpyrifos (5.7x), fenthion (2.4x), fenitrothion (5.0x), temephos (4.3x) and permethrin (2.1x) was found in Cx. p. quinquefasciatus, and to malathion (1.5x), temephos (2.3x), permethrin (1.8x) and propoxur (1.7x) in Ae. aegypti. Cx. p. quinquefasciatus was shown to possess over-produced esterases A2 and B2, which are known to be involved in resistance to OPs in other countries. Ae. polynesiensis was less resistant than the Ae. aegypti reference strain to all insecticides except temephos (1.8x) and permethrin (6.7x). To determine whether Ae. polynesiensis had developed resistance to these insecticides in Tahiti, a geographical survey covering 12 islands of the Society, Tuamotu, Tubuai, Marquesas, and Gambier archipelagoes was undertaken with three insecticides (temephos, deltamethrin, and permethrin). Two- to threefold variations in LC50S were observed among collections. Results are discussed in relationship to the level of insecticide exposure on the different islands.
Cytotoxicity of 2‐chlorodeoxyadenosine and arabinosylcytosine in leukaemic lymphoblasts from paediatric patients: significance of cellular nucleoside transporter content (2002)

2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (2-CdA) and arabinosylcytosine (araC) are nucleoside drugs that are used to treat various leukaemias, although 2-CdA has not been tested extensively in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). Nucleoside cytotoxicity depends on the conversion of these agents to 5'-phosphate derivatives, following drug entry into cells via nucleoside transport (NT) processes. This study compared es nucleoside transporter content, determined using a flow cytometric assay with SAENTA [5'-S-(2-aminoethyl)-N6-(4-nitrobenzyl)-5'-thioadenosine] fluorescein, and cytotoxicities of 2-CdA and araC in fresh lymphoblasts from previously untreated paediatric ALL patients and the human T-lymphoblast cell line, CCRF-CEM. Lymphoblast samples from individual patients ranged widely in sensitivity to both 2-CdA (IC50, 6 nmol/l to > 5 micromol/l; mean = 418 nmol/l; n = 8) and araC (IC50, 59 nmol/l to > 5 micromol/l; mean = 1050 nmol/l; n = 7), although IC50 values for the two drugs were correlated (r = 0.78, P = 0.032, n = 7). Cellular es nucleoside transporter content varied more than 35-fold among samples from 10 patients. The correlation between es nucleoside transporter content and drug sensitivity was statistically significant for araC (r = -0.93, P = 0.023, n = 5), but not for 2-CdA (r = -0.57, P = 0.23, n = 6). Exposure of CCRF-CEM cells to araC resulted in a substantial araC concentration-dependent increase in the relative survival of es transporter-deficient cells, whereas the increase was slight following exposure to 2-CdA. We conclude that, in ALL lymphoblasts, es nucleoside transporter content is a determinant of araC sensitivity and that a deficiency in NT may impart resistance to araC.
Change in composition and porous structure of coal on thermal conditioning (2016)

Attention focuses here on methods of coal processing that require minimal quantities of water and yield products that may be effectively used as commercial and secondary raw materials. In the heat treatment of coals associated with semicoking, the accompanying physicochemical transformation of the coal significantly affects its potential for further processing. In semicoking, the filtration system within the coal pieces changes. The initial coal sample contains phytopores of equivalent diameter d e up to 0.22 μm. More than 54% of these are pores smaller than 10 μm, mainly (65%) of slot and disk form. A small proportion (10%) of supercapillary cavities (d e > 0.1 μm) is also observed. After heat treatment, the content of small pores is sharply reduced to 10% (450°C semicoke) and 6.6% (550°C semicoke)–that is, almost sixfold–while the content of supercapillary cavities is increased approximately fourfold (in 550°C semicoke).