gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lubiprostone (a prostone) slows the in vitro growth of colon adenosarcoma cells with low [NAD+] 15‐OH PGDH (LB856) (2014)

Objective. Lubiprostone is a bicyclic fatty acid (prostone) which is used widely for treatment of chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC), opioid‐induced constipation (OIC) and constipation‐associated irritable bowel syndrome (IBS‐C). [NAD+]‐15‐OH PGDH (PGDH), which synthesizes endogenous prostones from prostaglandins, is a suppressor of human gastrointestinal cancers and genetic therapy with PGDH slowed the growth of colon tumor xenographs. The present study was to determine whether lubiprostone, acting as a prostone, would slow growth of colon cancer cells which express low PGDH and whether transfection of low PGDH colon cancer cells with PGDH would ablate the effects of lubiprostone on the cancer cells. Methods. LS174T (colon adenosarcoma) cells that contain low PGDH were grown in Eagle’s MEM/10% FBS, transfected with human PGDH cDNA in pCMV6‐Entry vector or vector alone using Lipofectamine and selected using G418 (200 µg/ml). PGDH:GAPDH levels were determined by densitometry of western blots. LS174T cells, non‐transfected and transfected with hPGDH or vector alone (mock) were grown in 35mm petri dishes (0.5x104 cells/ dish) to 40% confluence and then treated with either 0.1% EtOH‐0.01% DMSO (vehicle) or 100 nM lubiprostone. Every 24 h media were changed and fresh vehicle or lubiprostone added. DMSO and lubiprostone were from Sucampo. Cell growth was monitored by directly counting the cells in a randomly chosen field using a cell cytometer at 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. Similar studies were carried out with HT‐29 colon cancer cells. Results. LS174 T cell growth was slowed or stopped by 100 nM lubiprostone. Transfection of LS174T cells with PGDH, but not mock transfection, prevented lubiprostone inhibition of cell growth. Similar results were found with H‐T29 colon cancer cells. Conclusions. These results demonstrate that lubiprostone will slow or prevent the growth of colon cancer cells which contain low 15‐OH PGDH. These results provide a rationale for further study in clinical trials.
Preparation and Reactions of Carbonitrides on Iron (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and Reactions of Carbonitrides on IronW. Keith Hall, W. E. Dieter, L. J. E. Hofer, and Robert B. AndersonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1953, 75, 6, 1442–1447Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1953https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01102a049https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01102a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views93Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cover Picture: A Diagonal Approach to Chemical Recycling of Carbon Dioxide: Organocatalytic Transformation for the Reductive Functionalization of CO<sub>2</sub> (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 1/2012) (2011)

A blooming tree illustrates how CO2 can be recycled to a variety of chemicals based on a strategy discussed by T. Cantat and co-workers in their Communication on page 187 ff. The approach relies on the simultaneous use of a functionalizing reagent and a reductant that can be independently adjusted to access a variety of molecules from CO2. The direct conversion of CO2, amines, and silanes to formamides is reported.
Multifunctional Silane Polymers for Persistent Surface Derivatization and Their Antimicrobial Properties (2008)

We demonstrate a versatile methodology combining both covalent surface anchoring and polymer cross-linking that is capable of forming long-lasting coatings on reactive and nonreactive surfaces. Polymers containing reactive methoxysilane groups form strong Si-O-Si links to oxide surfaces, thereby anchoring the polymer chains at multiple points. The interchain cross-linking of the methoxysilane groups provides additional durability to the coating and makes the coatings highly resistant to solvents. By tailoring the chemical structure of the polymer, we were able to control the surface energy (wetting) of a variety of surfaces over a wide range of water contact angles of 30-140 degrees . In addition, we synthesized covalently linked layer-by-layer polymeric assemblies from these novel methoxysilane polymers. Finally, antibacterial agents, such as silver bromide nanoparticles and triiodide ions, were introduced into these functional polymers to generate long-lasting and renewable antiseptic coatings on glass, metals, and textiles.
Spray Volume Effects on Deposition and Citrus Rust Mite Control (1989)

A field test was conducted to determine the deposition characteristics and biological efficacy of 4 different spray volumes applied at 2.4 km/h with an airblast sprayer for control of the citrus rust mite. Five acaricides and a copper tracer were applied at 4,700, 940, 470, and 235 L/ha. Copper deposition on leaves was determined by colorimetry. Mite population counts were made one week prior to application and at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks after treatment to estimate residual effect. Spray volume had no significant effect on mean copper deposition and citrus rust mite control. Higher spray volumes showed more uniform coverage than the lower volumes. Acaricidal efficacy differed between compounds, yet all were superior to the untreated check.
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation overcomes the adverse prognostic impact of CD20 expression in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (2011)

CD20 expression is associated with early recurrence and inferior survival in precursor-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients treated with chemotherapy. Whether CD20 influences outcomes after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is unknown. We analyzed CD20 expression on blasts at diagnosis in 157 patients who underwent allo-HSCT in the first complete remission (57%) or the second complete remission (43%). Of 125 evaluable patients, 71 were ≥ 20 years of age. CD20 expression was observed in 58 patients (46%; 52% of children, 39% of adults). There was no association between age, Ph(+) status, white blood cell count at diagnosis, and CD20 positivity. After allo-HSCT, disease-free survival at 5 years was 48% for all patients, 55% (95% confidence interval 40%-67%) for CD20(+) patients, and 43% (95% confidence interval 30%-54%) for CD20(-) patients (P = .15). Relapse did not differ between the groups. These results can serve as a reference to evaluate incorporation of anti-CD20 therapeutics to HSCT for the CD20(+) acute lymphoblastic leukemia subset. Clinical trial numbers for www.clinicaltrials.gov are NCT00365287, NCT00305682, and NCT00303719.
A metallic replica/anchoring technique for scanning tunneling microscope or atomic force microscope imaging of large biological structures (1991)

We describe and give results for a metallic replica technique in which biological structures are first deposited on a flat graphite substrate and then overcoated with a thick metallic film. The metallic film is then peeled off the graphite, and its underside is imaged by the scanning tunneling microscope (STM), which shows indentation-type replicas. We have used the technique on the cell sheath of the bacterium methanospirillum Hungatei, and find that the surface detail of the replica image is as good as that for a metal-coated sheath. We also find that the biological structures stay in the indentations during the peeling-off process, which gives the possibility of imaging bare structures that would normally be pushed along a flat substrate by the STM or atomic force microscope (AFM) tip.
New all 2-inch manufacturable high performance evanescent coupled waveguide photodiodes with etched mirrors for 40 Gb/s optical receivers (2004)

Evanescent PIN photodiodes are fabricated using all 2"-InP processing including on-wafer mirrors and coatings. 0.73 A/W responsivity at 1.55 /spl mu/m, -1 dB vertical coupling tolerance of 2.2 /spl mu/m and 47 GHz bandwidth are simultaneously demonstrated.
The Heats of Combustion, Formation, and Isomerization of Isomeric Monoglycerides - Correction (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Heats of Combustion, Formation, and Isomerization of Isomeric Monoglycerides - CorrectionLeonard Silbert, B Daubert, and Leo MasonCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1965, 69, 12, 4426Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1965Publication History Published online2 July 2002Published inissue 1 December 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100782a611https://doi.org/10.1021/j100782a611research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views27Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Isolated Rupture of the Teres Major Tendon: A Case Report and Literature Review (2010)

Acute isolated rupture of the teres major is an uncommon injury. This article presents the first report of midterm subjective and objective functional results following nonoperative management of an isolated teres major rupture. A 30-year-old right hand dominant man presented after a waterskiing traction injury to his left upper extremity. On physical examination, the patient had swelling and retraction of the teres major at the lower scapular border, which was accentuated with resisted adduction of the extremity. His teres major attachment at the humerus was not palpable. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an isolated teres major tendon rupture. The patient was treated non-operatively with a rehabilitation protocol emphasizing rotator cuff, periscapular, and latissimus muscle strengthening. By 3 months postinjury, the patient had returned to all of his usual sporting activities, despite a persistent muscle retraction deformity over the teres major. At 3-year follow-up, the patient had no subjective complaints in the injured extremity and excellent functional outcome scores. A mean 37 kg loss of internal rotation strength (as measured by dynamometer) in the affected extremity with the arm abducted to 90° existed, although this difference was not subjectively appreciable. Although previously published reports have presented various options for the management of teres major injuries, the present case demonstrates that nonoperative treatment can produce excellent midterm subjective results in spite of objective internal rotation weakness.
Pd‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation of Glycine Imino Ester Using a Chiral Phase‐Transfer Catalyst. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The effect of epigenetic sperm abnormalities on early embryo-genesis (2006)

Sperm are a highly specialized cell type derived to deliver the paternal haploid genome to the oocyte. The epigenetic, or gene regulatory, properties and mechanisms of the sperm assist in preparation of the paternal genome to contribute to embryogenesis and the genome of the zygote. Many recent studies have addressed the issue of altered epigenetic processes in the sperm. This review evaluates the current understanding of DNA damage, chromosome aneuploidy, reduced telomere length, malformations of the centrosome, genomic imprinting errors, altered mRNA profiles, and abnormal nuclear packaging in the sperm prior to fertilization and the observed effects on embryogenesis. Attention has also been given to understanding the underlying etiology of sperm with altered epigenetic mechanisms in humans.
Movement of the tibial end in a PTB prosthesis socket (1993)

To investigate the movement of the tibial end in the sagittal plane in the PTB prosthetic socket during a gait cycle, 7 patients with a median age of 72 years were examined using X-ray technique. The gait cycle was reduced to four different static positions: heel contact, midstance, push-off and swing phase. The mean value of tibial movement in the socket in the anteroposterior direction was 2.2 cm, in proximodistal direction 2.8 cm, and the total sagittal movement during the whole gait cycle was 7.5 cm. The results indicate that one factor affecting the magnitude of the movement was the prestretching of soft tissues. All the patients who experienced a good prosthetic fitting had their soft tissues prestretched. The extreme dorsal and proximal positions of the tibial end during the gait cycle was in the swing phase position. The extreme distal position occurred somewhere between mid-stance and push-off. The extreme anterior position of the tibial end was seen during heel contact. This study has shown the magnitude of the movements in a PTB socket during a simulated gait cycle. The study has given hints on factors affecting prosthetic fitting, and further research within this field might provide indications of how to optimise socket shape to give maximal patient comfort.
Interferometric investigation of x-ray mask fabrication distortions (1994)

The investigation of x-ray mask fabrication distortions was initiated in an effort to identify the fabrication parameters responsible for the final x-ray mask shape and configuration. The investigation has identified the sources of fabrication-induced distortion in x-ray mask blank manufacture. The extraction of distortions at each process step allows for mask flatness control via distortion compensation as the mask fabrication process evolves. Interferometric characterization of the final mask blank configuration guarantees the mask flatness. Mask blanks with alignment windows are mapped to determine the locations of the alignment windows relative to the membrane. An additional interferometric wedge test is performed to determine the membrane tilt magnitude and orientation relative to the backside of the mask ring. With proper selection of mask blank materials and control of membrane material deposition and bonding parameters, x-ray masks up to 100 mm in diameter have been fabricated routinely with less than 5 micrometers of bow. Fine-tuning of the x-ray mask configuration may be controlled by variations in the anodic bonding process parameters. Optimization of the anodic bonding process is currently in progress.
Missense Mutation in the PAS2 Domain of Phytochrome A Impairs Subnuclear Localization and a Subset of Responses (2002)

Phytochrome A signaling shows two photobiologically discrete outputs: so-called very-low-fluence responses (VLFR) and high-irradiance responses (HIR). By modifying previous screening protocols, we isolated two Arabidopsis mutants retaining VLFR and lacking HIR. Phytochrome A negatively or positively regulates phytochrome B signaling, depending on light conditions. These mutants retained the negative but lacked the positive regulation. Both mutants carry the novel phyA-302 allele, in which Glu-777 (a residue conserved in angiosperm phytochromes) changed to Lys in the PAS2 motif of the C-terminal domain. The phyA-302 mutants showed a 50% reduction in phytochrome A levels in darkness, but this difference was compensated for by greater stability under continuous far-red light. phyA-302:green fluorescent protein fusion proteins showed normal translocation from the cytosol to the nucleus under continuous far-red light but failed to produce nuclear spots, suggesting that nuclear speckles could be involved in HIR signaling and phytochrome A degradation. We propose that the PAS2 domain of phytochrome A is necessary to initiate signaling in HIR but not in VLFR, likely via interaction with a specific partner.
Acicular precipitated calcium carbonate as inorganic whisker for reinforcing of polypropylene fibers (2013)

Abstract Acicular precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) was used as appropriate inorganic whisker for improving the mechanical properties of melt spun polypropylene fibers. Nucleation effects of the PCC in dependence to concentration, surface coating and pre-shearing were analyzed. Melt-spinning experiments were carried out in order to determine the reinforcing effect.
Mechanisms of laser activation of dielectric materials (1993)

Aluminum Nitride (AlN), Alumina, Sapphire, Magnesium Oxide (MgO), Silica and Polymide can be laser activated. The irradiation promotes near‐surface modifications that catalyze the deposition of copper when the substrates are immersed in an electroless solution. All the ceramics that exhibit laser activation have a very low absorption coefficient or are transparent to ultraviolet radiation. The damage generated during laser irradiation plays a strong role in enhancing the laser‐dielectric interaction in alumina, magnesium oxide and silica. On the other hand, after the first irradiation the interaction between the aluminum nitride and the UV radiation is controlled by the metallic aluminum on the surface. A thin layer of metallic aluminum is produced in alumina and in sapphire by laser irradiation in an Ar‐4% H2 atmosphere. This film is not present if the irradiations are conducted in air. XPS analyses of alumina and sapphire substrates show no significant changes in the positions of the aluminum and oxygen peaks after irradiation. However, the electronic structure of the very near surface region in alumina and sapphire is modified by laser irradiation. These changes are probably due to random and small modifications in the degree of oxidation of Al. The damage detected by RBS in both polished and irradiated sapphire extends to a depth of at least 400 nm. As received, polished specimens are much more heavily damaged than the irradiated ones. The kinetics of electroless copper deposition is considerably faster in the presence of the metallic film produced by laser irradiation than in the cases where this film is absent. Although the damages detected by XPS and by RBS are similar in irradiated and in mechanically polished specimens, no surface activation is observed in the latter.
Stereospecific Cross-Coupling of α-(Thiocarbamoyl)organostannanes with Alkenyl, Aryl, and Heteroaryl Iodides (2007)

Racemic and scalemic PTC-protected alpha-hydroxystannanes cross-couple with alkenyl/aryl/heteroaryl iodides in moderate to good yields using copper(I) thiophene-2-carboxylate (CuTC) in THF at or below room temperature. Simple aryl iodides and 1-iodocyclohexene, two classes of electrophiles that typically react sluggishly, are also good substrates. Cross-couplings proceed with retention of configuration at the alkenyl- and stannyl-substituted stereocenters.
Localization of NGF receptors in normal and Alzheimer's basal forebrain with monoclonal antibodies against the truncated form of the receptor (1990)

Four new monoclonal antibodies to the extracellular domain of the nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR) have been evaluated for their specificity to NGFR and their utility in localizing NGFR in human brain. All four antibodies, as well as Me20.4, show similar cellular localization and patterns of immunoreactivity in basal forebrain neurons. NGFR monoclonal antibody XIF1 stains optimally over the widest range of concentrations, with staining being reduced only slightly at less than 10 pg/ml or more than 100 ng/ml, and produces the lowest background of those tested. Staining with all NGFR monoclonal antibodies is blocked by the addition of as little as 5-fold excess human recombinant truncated NGFR protein. The distribution of NGFR-containing neurons is similar to that previously described in normal human forebrain, as is the reduction in cell size in nucleus basalis (Ch4am) in brains from patients with Alzheimer's disease. In addition, we find evidence in the two Alzheimer's cases examined for a previously unreported loss of cells in the horizontal limb nucleus of the diagonal band (Ch3) in Alzheimer's disease. The loss of these neurons, which in normal brain have characteristic varicose dendritic processes extending to the pial surface adjacent to the cisternal space, may indicate a change in the relationship of NGF-sensitive neurons to the vasculature. Since these neurons project to olfactory bulb and cortex in rodent and primate brains, their loss may also reflect damage to the olfactory system in Alzheimer's disease.
LIBER VICESIMUS QUARTUS (2014)

A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Nanostructured Antagonist of Extrasynaptic NMDA Receptors (2016)

Glutamatergic cytotoxicity mediated by overactivation of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) is implicated in numerous neurological disorders. To be therapeutically viable, NMDAR antagonists must preserve physiological role of synaptic NMDARs (sNMDARs) in synaptic transmission and block only excessive pathological activation of NMDARs. Here we present a novel NMDAR antagonist that satisfies this two-fold requirement by exploiting spatial differences in NMDAR subcellular locations. Specifically, we designed a hybrid nanodrug (AuM) to be larger than the synaptic cleft by attaching memantine, NMDAR antagonist, via polymer linkers to a gold nanoparticle. We show that AuM efficiently and selectively inhibited extrasynaptic NMDARs (eNMDARs), while having no effect on sNMDARs and synaptic transmission. AuM exhibited neuroprotective properties both in vitro and ex vivo during such neurotoxic insults as NMDAR-mediated cytotoxicity in cerebrocortical cell culture and oxygen-glucose deprivation in acute hippocampal slices. Furthermore, AuM prevented dendritic spine loss triggered by Aβ oligomers in organotypic hippocampal slices and was more effective than free memantine. Using a novel rational design strategy, we demonstrate a proof of concept for a new class of neuroprotective drugs that might be beneficial for treatment of several neurological disorders.