gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lyn-mediated mitochondrial tyrosine phosphorylation is required to preserve mitochondrial integrity in early liver regeneration (2009)

Functional alterations in mitochondria such as overproduction of ROS (reactive oxygen species) and overloading of calcium, with subsequent change in the membrane potential, are traditionally regarded as pro-apoptotic conditions. Although such events occur in the early phases of LR (liver regeneration) after two-thirds PH (partial hepatectomy), hepatocytes do not undergo apoptosis but continue to proliferate until the mass of the liver is restored. The aim of the present study was to establish whether tyrosine phosphorylation, an emerging mechanism of regulation of mitochondrial function, participates in the response to liver injury following PH and is involved in contrasting mitochondrial pro-apoptotic signalling. Mitochondrial tyrosine phosphorylation, negligible in the quiescent liver, was detected in the early phases of LR with a trend similar to the events heralding mitochondrial apoptosis and was attributed to the tyrosine kinase Lyn, a member of the Src family. Lyn was shown to accumulate in an active form in the mitochondrial intermembrane space, where it was found to be associated with a multiprotein complex. Our results highlight a role for tyrosine phosphorylation in accompanying, and ultimately counteracting, mitochondrial events otherwise leading to apoptosis, hence conveying information required to preserve the mitochondrial integrity during LR.
Development of a Solid Phase Array Assay for the Screening of Galactose Oxidase Activity and for Fast Identification of Inhibitors (2017)

The developed array platform allows the fast identification of GOase substrates and inhibitors from a library of deoxy-fluorinated sugars using MALDI-ToF MS as a label-free readout method. In addition, the enzymatic reaction enables for the in situ activation of sugar-coated surfaces to bioorthogonal aldehydes, which can be utilised for subsequent chemical modifications.
Comparison of Laboratory Methods for Analysis of Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor Resistance in Ugandan Infants (2009)

Detailed comparisons of HIV drug resistance assays are needed to identify the most useful assays for research studies, and to facilitate comparison of results from studies that use different methods. We analyzed nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) resistance in 40 HIV-infected Ugandan infants who had received nevirapine (NVP)-based prophylaxis using the following assays: an FDA-cleared HIV genotyping assay (the ViroSeq HIV-1 Genotyping System v2.0), a commercially available HIV genotyping assay (GeneSeq HIV), a commercially available HIV phenotyping assay (PhenoSense HIV), and a sensitive point mutation assay (LigAmp). ViroSeq and GeneSeq HIV results (NVP resistance yes/no) were similar for 38 (95%) of 40 samples. In 6 (15%) of 40 samples, GeneSeq HIV detected mutations in minor subpopulations that were not detected by ViroSeq, which identified two additional infants with NVP resistance. LigAmp detected low-level mutations in 12 samples that were not detected by ViroSeq; however, LigAmp testing identified only one additional infant with NVP resistance. GeneSeq HIV and PhenoSense HIV determinations of susceptibility differed for specific NNRTIs in 12 (31%) of the 39 samples containing mixtures at relevant mutation positions. PhenoSense HIV did not detect any infants with NVP resistance who were not identified with GeneSeq HIV testing. In this setting, population sequencing-based methods (ViroSeq and GeneSeq HIV) were the most informative and had concordant results for 95% of the samples. LigAmp was useful for the detection and quantification of minority variants. PhenoSense HIV provided a direct and quantitative measure of NNRTI susceptibility.
Online Terrain Parameter Estimation for Wheeled Mobile Robots With Application to Planetary Rovers (2004)

Future planetary exploration missions will require wheeled mobile robots ("rovers") to traverse very rough terrain with limited human supervision. Wheel-terrain interaction plays a critical role in rough-terrain mobility. In this paper, an online estimation method that identifies key terrain parameters using on-board robot sensors is presented. These parameters can be used for traversability prediction or in a traction control algorithm to improve robot mobility and to plan safe action plans for autonomous systems. Terrain parameters are also valuable indicators of planetary surface soil composition. The algorithm relies on a simplified form of classical terramechanics equations and uses a linear-least squares method to compute terrain parameters in real time. Simulation and experimental results show that the terrain estimation algorithm can accurately and efficiently identify key terrain parameters for various soil types.
Topische Immunmodulation in der Dermatologie (2002)

Zusammenfassung: Immunmodulatoren umfassen sowohl immunstimulatorische als auch immunsuppressive Medikamente. Falls erfolgreich, stellt die topische Immuntherapie eine bedeutende Verbesserung der Therapie von entzündlichen Erkrankungen, viralen Infektionen und Krebs der Haut und Schleimhäute dar. Das Konzept der Immuntherapie ist bereits seit mehr als 100 Jahren bekannt, jedoch wurden die grundlegenden Mechanismen erst in der jüngsten Vergangenheit aufgeklärt und verstanden. Die topische Immuntherapie mit obligaten Kontaktsensibilisatoren wie z. B. Diphencypron (DCP) oder Dinitrochlorobenzol (DNCB) induziert Hapten‐mediierte Immunantworten, die sowohl bei spezifischen Antigenen als auch durch die Induktion eines inflammatorischen Infiltrats Wirkung gegen virale (z. B. Verrucae vulgares) und vermutlich auch autoimmune Erkrankungen (z. B. Alopecia areata) entfalten. Neuere Agenzien wie die Imidazoquinoline (Imiquimod und Resiquimod) bewirken eine Zytokinsekretion (Interferon‐α, Interleukin‐12, Tumor‐Nekrose‐Faktor‐α) von Monozyten und Makrophagen. Es entsteht ein lokales Th 1 ‐dominiertes Immunmilieu, das durch Zell‐mediierte Immunität zur Therapie viraler Infektionen wie z. B. HPV, HSV, Mollusca contagiosa und Hautkrebs (z. B. initiale Plattenepithel‐ und Basalzellkarzinome) bei immunkompetenten und immunsupprimierten Patienten eingesetzt werden kann. Neben der Wirkung in einer verbesserten Antigenpräsentation durch dendritische Zellen haben diese Substanzen einen Effekt auf B‐Zellen, der zur Synthese von Antikörpern der Klasse IgG 2a führt. In dieser Hinsicht ähneln Imidazoquinoline den kürzlich entdeckten immunstimulatorischen CpG‐Sequenzen, die auf das angeborene („innate”) Immunsystem wirken. Diese CpG‐Sequenzen wirken als „Gefahrensignal” und kommen in bakterieller und viraler DNA vor, während sie in Säugerzell‐DNA methyliert und somit inaktiviert sind. Sowohl die CpG‐stimulatorischen Sequenzen als auch die Imidazoquinoline induzieren die gleichen Zytokine jedoch mit unterschiedlicher Intensität und Kinetik. Andererseits wird das topisch wirksame Immunsuppressivum Tacrolimus mit großem Erfolg bei der Behandlung chronisch‐entzündlicher Hauterkrankungen – wie der atopischen Dermatitis – bei Kindern und Erwachsenen eingesetzt. Die topische Immuntherapie mit immunstimulatorischen und immunsuppressiven Agenzien birgt ein großes Potential für eine effektive und patientenfreundliche Behandlung verschiedener infektiöser und maligner Hauterkrankungen. Aufgrund ihrer Adjuvanseigenschaften sind Immunverstärker eventuell auch geeignet, konventionelle (Protein‐) und DNA‐Vakzinierungen gegen Krebs, Atopie und Allergie in ihrer Effizienz zu verbessern.
Tensile yield parameters for poly(vinylchloride) blends with a methyl methacrylate–butadiene–styrene impact modifier (1991)

Abstract Tensile yield measurements were made on blends of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) with a methyl methacrylate‐butadiene‐styrene impact modifier (MBS) covering a blend range of 0 to 20 wt % MBS, a temperature range of −50 to 25°C, and a strain rate range of 10 −3 to 10° s −1 . Increasing MBS level in PVC reduces the tensile yield stress. The tensile yield stress variation with temperature and strain rate at constant MBS level was represented in terms of the Ree‐Eyring‐Roetling rate model. This model represents the experimental data within experimental error. The tensile yield parameters were also determined by assuming that stress concentrations exist around the modifier equatorial plane. Estimates of these stress concentrations were made and are discussed in terms of Goodier's model for spherical inclusions.
Effect of ergolines on neurotransmitter systems in the rat brain. (1989)

The interaction of nicergoline with various monoaminergic receptors and its effects on monoamine turnover were studied in specific rat brain areas in comparison with those of its metabolites, 10-methoxy-1,6-dimethyl-ergoline-8 beta-methanol (MMDL) and 10-methoxy-6-methyl-ergoline-8 beta-methanol (MDL). Nicergoline showed marked in vitro affinity for alpha 1-noradrenergic receptors (IC50 = 0.2 nM), less for alpha 2, S1 and S2 (IC50 about 10(-7) M). Its strong interaction with alpha 1-receptors was confirmed in vivo. The affinity of the other ergolines for alpha 1-receptors was lower than that of nicergoline. The level of monoamine metabolites (HVA and DOPAC for dopamine, MOPEG-SO4 for noradrenaline and 5-HIAA for serotonin) was taken as a measure of their turnover in the rat brain. A single dose of nicergoline (20 mg/kg, s.c.) strongly enhanced noradrenaline turnover, less that of dopamine. These effects, probably due to the interaction with alpha-receptors, were more marked after parenteral than oral administration. MMDL shared nicergoline's effect on dopamine and MDL that on noradrenaline, but they were less active than the parent compound. The most interesting results were obtained after chronic treatment (6-7 weeks) with rather low doses: 5 mg/kg b.i.d. of nicergoline and equimolar doses of the metabolites. Nicergoline and MMDL both enhanced dopamine turnover, especially in mesolimbic areas. In conclusion, the present report confirms and extends previous results on nicergoline's effects on catecholamine turnover and shows that its metabolite MMDL shares its effects on dopamine. Finally, it is particularly interesting that both ergolines were more effective in old than in young rats.
Nonlinear Regularized Wiener Filtering With Kernels: Application in Denoising MEG Data Corrupted by ECG (2006)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> Magnetoencephalographic and electroencephalographic recordings are often contaminated by artifacts such as eye movements, blinks, and cardiac or muscle activity. These artifacts, whose amplitude may exceed that of brain signals, may severely interfere with the detection and analysis of events of interest. In this paper, we consider a nonlinear approach for cardiac artifacts removal from magnetoencephalographic data, based on Wiener filtering. In recent works, nonlinear Wiener filtering based on reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces and the <emphasis emphasistype="boldital">kernel trick</emphasis> has been proposed. However, the filter parameters are determined by the resolution of a linear system which may be ill conditioned. To deal with this problem, we introduce three kernel methods that provide powerful tools for solving ill-conditioned problems, namely, kernel principal component analysis, kernel partial least squares, and kernel ridge regression. A common feature of these methods is that they regularize the solution by assuming an appropriate prior on the class of possible solutions. We avoid the use of QRS-synchronous averaging techniques, which may induce distortions in brain signals if artifacts are not well detected. Moreover, our approach shows the nonlinear relation between magnetoencephalographic and electrocardiographic signals. </para>
Claudin Association with CD81 Defines Hepatitis C Virus Entry (2010)

Viruses initiate infection by attaching to molecules or receptors at the cell surface. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) enters cells via a multistep process involving tetraspanin CD81, scavenger receptor class B member I, and the tight junction proteins Claudin-1 and Occludin. CD81 and scavenger receptor class B member I interact with HCV-encoded glycoproteins, suggesting an initial role in mediating virus attachment. In contrast, there are minimal data supporting Claudin-1 association with HCV particles, raising questions as to its role in the virus internalization process. In the present study we demonstrate a relationship between receptor active Claudins and their association and organization with CD81 at the plasma membrane by fluorescence resonance energy transfer and stoichiometric imaging methodologies. Mutation of residues 32 and 48 in the Claudin-1 first extracellular loop ablates CD81 association and HCV receptor activity. Furthermore, mutation of the same residues in the receptor-inactive Claudin-7 molecule enabled CD81 complex formation and virus entry, demonstrating an essential role for Claudin-CD81 complexes in HCV infection. Importantly, Claudin-1 associated with CD81 at the basolateral membrane of polarized HepG2 cells, whereas tight junction-associated pools of Claudin-1 demonstrated a minimal association with CD81. In summary, we demonstrate an essential role for Claudin-CD81 complexes in HCV infection and their localization at the basolateral surface of polarized hepatoma cells, consistent with virus entry into the liver via the sinusoidal blood and association with basal expressed forms of the receptors.
Isolation of Chemical Markers from Leaves of Acacia rigidula (2011)

Acacia rigidula is a species that grows in the southern part of Texas, USA. The leaf extract of this plant is used in several weight-loss and body-building products in the US market with no published data on its biological effects. Further, with little confirmation, limited chemical investigations published on A. rigidula leaves have reported the presence of more than 40 bioactive alkaloids and amines belonging to several classes [2]. The purpose of the present study was to establish the phytochemical characteristics of A. rigidula leaves. The detannified portion of the n-butanol fraction obtained from the methanol extract was processed chromatographically to isolate its chemical constituents. Several chemical markers, that include several flavonoids, were isolated and chemically characterized by using chemical, MS and NMR techniques. These components can be used as unique chemical markers and can be used to develop quantitative analytical methods for identification of the plant and products containing it.
Blood hsa-miR-122-5p and hsa-miR-885-5p levels associate with fatty liver and related lipoprotein metabolism—The Young Finns Study (2016)

MicroRNAs are involved in disease development and may be utilized as biomarkers. We investigated the association of blood miRNA levels and a) fatty liver (FL), b) lipoprotein and lipid pathways involved in liver lipid accumulation and c) levels of predicted mRNA targets in general population based cohort. Blood microRNA profiling (TaqMan OpenArray), genome-wide gene expression arrays and nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics were performed for Young Finns Study participants aged 34-49 years (n = 871). Liver fat status was assessed ultrasonographically. Levels of hsa-miR-122-5p and -885-5p were up-regulated in individuals with FL (fold change (FC) = 1.55, p = 1.36 * 10<sup>-14</sup> and FC = 1.25, p = 4.86 * 10<sup>-4</sup>, respectively). In regression model adjusted with age, sex and BMI, hsa-miR-122-5p and -885-5p predicted FL (OR = 2.07, p = 1.29 * 10<sup>-8</sup> and OR = 1.41, p = 0.002, respectively). Together hsa-miR-122-5p and -885-5p slightly improved the detection of FL beyond established risk factors. These miRNAs may be associated with FL formation through the regulation of lipoprotein metabolism as hsa-miR-122-5p levels associated with small VLDL, IDL, and large LDL lipoprotein subclass components, while hsa-miR-885-5p levels associated inversely with XL HDL cholesterol levels. Hsa-miR-885-5p levels correlated inversely with oxysterol-binding protein 2 (OSBPL2) expression (r = -0.143, p = 1.00 * 10<sup>-4</sup>) and suppressing the expression of this lipid receptor and sterol transporter could link hsa-miR-885-5p with HDL cholesterol levels.
A computerised method to calculate the systolic pressure variation (2001)

sistema automatico per il riconoscimento automatico delle curve di pressione di pazienti in respirazione artificiale e per\nl'estrazione di indici rilevanti
Magnetic relaxation measurements in cobalt following low-temperature electron irradiation (1991)

Abstract Magnetic relaxation measurements are reported on high-purity and carbon-charged cobalt following irradiation with 3 MeV electrons. The temperature of irradiation was either 10 or 30 K and the dose 1023 m−2. Attention is focused on the annealing behaviour which occurs in recovery stages I and III. In stage I (12–60 K), only one stable relaxation builds up during anneal; this is interpreted as being due to the reorientation of a Frenkel pair which stabilizes at the start of the stage I anneal. In the stage III anneal (220–400 K), no new relaxation peaks are formed in pure cobalt; in carbon-charged samples a relaxation is observed at 57 K, which is attributed to the reorientation of a complex formed by the trapping of the mobile stage III defect at interstitial carbon.
6,6-Dimethyl-2,4-diphenylcyclohexadienyl anion and the failure of carbanion homoaromaticity (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT6,6-Dimethyl-2,4-diphenylcyclohexadienyl anion and the failure of carbanion homoaromaticityLaren M. Tolbert and Andrzej RajcaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 24, 4805–4808Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00224a030https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00224a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views93Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Malignancies occurring during therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and other hematologic malignancies (2011)

Success of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has given patients hope for a long disease-free-survival. A longer survival raises the question of late effects, including development of another malignancy. Records of 1445 patients with CML/myeloproliferative neoplasm or other hematologic malignancies treated with TKIs were reviewed to investigate frequency and characteristics of second malignancies (other than acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia, or myelodysplastic syndrome). The number of second cancers was compared with the number expected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. After a median follow-up of 107 months (range, 13-362 months) after CML/myeloproliferative neoplasm diagnosis, 66 patients (4.6%) developed 80 second cancers, including skin (31%), prostate (15%), melanoma (13%), digestive system (10%), kidney (4%), thyroid (4%), breast (3%), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (3%), hepatobiliary (3%), and other cancers (14%). Excluding nonmelanoma skin cancers, 55 second cancers were seen in 51 (3.5%) of all patients treated. The risk of second cancer was lower than expected (observed-to-expected ratio, 0.6; 95% confidence interval, 0.44-0.81). Second cancers occur in a small percentage of patients receiving therapy with TKIs for hematologic malignancies, mostly CML. No evidence at the moment suggests that exposure to TKIs increases the risk of developing second cancers.
Wound Healing in Tight-Skin Mice (1983)

College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University 630 W. 168th Street New York, N. Y. 10032
A mathematical model for metal affinity protein partitioning (1990)

A mathematical model of metal affinity partitioning has been derived and used to describe protein partitioning in Cu (II)PEG/dextran systems. A working model has been extended to account for inhibition, which for metal affinity extraction is the inhibition of protein-metal binding by hydrogen ion. PEG/dextran partitioning experiments were performed on four proteins, tuna heart cytochrome c, Candida krusei cytochrome c, horse myoglobin, and sperm whale myoglobin. The partition coefficients for these proteins are increased by the addition of Cu (II)PEG-IDA, due to the affinity between the chelated copper atom and metal-coordinating histidine residues on the protein surface. The results of experiments to determine the effects of the number of binding sites on the protein, the copper concentration, and pH on partitioning are all well-described by the mathematical model. The pK(a) value of the metal binding site was determined to be 6.5, which is in the range of pK(a) values commonly observed for surface histidines. The average association constant for the binding of Cu (II)PEG-IDA to accessible histidines was found to be 4.5 x 10(3). This value is comparable to stability constants measured by conventional potentiometry techniques for analogous small complexes.
Loopy Belief Propagation: Convergence and Effects of Message Errors (2005)

Belief propagation (BP) is an increasingly popular method of performing approximate inference on arbitrary graphical models. At times, even further approximations are required, whether due to quantization of the messages or model parameters, from other simplified message or model representations, or from stochastic approximation methods. The introduction of such errors into the BP message computations has the potential to affect the solution obtained adversely. We analyze the effect resulting from message approximation under two particular measures of error, and show bounds on the accumulation of errors in the system. This analysis leads to convergence conditions for traditional BP message passing, and both strict bounds and estimates of the resulting error in systems of approximate BP message passing.