gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Direct milling and casting of polymer-based optical waveguides for improved transparency in the visible range (2006)

Polymer waveguides fabricated from photoresist have an inherent high propagation loss in the short visible wavelength range caused by absorption due to the added photosensitizers. We have addressed this problem by development of two novel methods for the fabrication of microfluidic systems with integrated optical waveguides. Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is dissolved in anisole and 'doped' with styrene-arcylonitrile copolymer to vary the refractive index. The doped PMMA with a higher refractive index is then spin coated onto a PMMA substrate with a lower refractive index to provide waveguide properties. Direct micromilling enabled us to fabricate 100 µm wide optical waveguides. Propagation losses of less than 1 dB cm−1 could be achieved throughout the entire visual range down to a wavelength of 400 nm. A casting process amenable to high number production of such devices was furthermore developed.
Bi- and Uniaxially Oriented Growth and Plasmon Resonance Properties of Anisotropic Ag Nanoparticles on Single Crystalline TiO<sub>2</sub> Surfaces (2009)

Anisotropic Ag nanoparticles were grown epitaxially on UV-irradiated rutile TiO2(100) and (110) single crystals in an aqueous AgNO3 solution by photoelectrochemical reduction of Ag+. Under different conditions (0.1−10 mW cm−2 UV irradiation for 1 min−21 h in the presence or absence of ethanol or acetaldehyde or both) and on different substrates, biaxially and uniaxially orientated crystalline nanorods, uniaxially oriented triangular nanoplates (i.e., so-called nanoprisms), or square pyramids were grown preferentially, without need for a masking layer or alignment step. This represents a new route for the fabrication of polarized, visible−near-infrared sensitizing thin layers on TiO2.
An analytical model for intravascular MR antennas (2007)

For interventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging a need exists for intravascular MR antennas. These antennas need to be employed for the tracking of guide wires and catheters through blood vessels during surgery and/or for obtaining high resolution images of vessel walls. Such images cannot be obtained by conventional MRI operation due to the high Signal to Noise Ratio of the signals received with conventional receiver coils. By inserting receiver coils (antennas) into the blood vessels, the SNR can be improved up to a level that obtaining high resolution images becomes feasible. Based on the fact that intravascular antennas will be much smaller than the applied RF wavelength, a static field, approximate, wire antenna model is developed. This model is thoroughly validated by comparing the analysis results with results obtained from dynamic models. It appears that especially for the large arteries (radii between 2mm and 3mm ) and small diameter loop antennas (radius 0.5mm ), sensitivities (magnetic field intensities) may be calculated using the static model that deviates 13% at maximum from results obtained by the dynamic model. Moreover, the static and dynamic sensitivities in the area of interest (in and around the vascular wall) show a similar behaviour as function of distance to the loop centre. Thus, under well-defined conditions the static model may be used to predict the absolute value of the sensitivity of a loop antenna with a reasonable accuracy. More important however is that the static model may be used to compare different designs with respect to sensitivity profiles.
Power scheduling with active power grids (2017)

Power-gating is widely used in large chip design as a way to manage the total power dissipation and avoid overheating. It works by turning OFF the power supply to circuit blocks that are not required to operate in certain operational modes. Many authors have studied the scheduling of chip workload to manage total power and temperature. But power-gating also has an impact on the supply voltage levels across the die, because voltage drop is generated in the grid depending on the combination of blocks that are ON. We consider the question of how to manage the chip workload so that supply voltage variations remain within specs. The worst-case voltage drop is the result of two things, the power budgets that were allocated to the various circuit blocks during the design process and the combination of blocks that are turned ON in a given operational mode. Intuitively, more blocks can be turned ON simultaneously if the blocks are constrained to have low current levels, and vice versa. In this paper, we propose a framework to manage this trade-off between how many blocks are ON simultaneously and how big the power budgets of the individual blocks are, assuming resistive and capacitive (RC) elements in the power grid model. Subject to user guidance, we generate block-level circuit current constraints as well as an implicit binary decision diagram (BDD) that helps identify the safe working modes. If the blocks are designed to respect these constraints, then the BDD can be used during normal operation to check whether a candidate working mode is safe or not.
Guiding mechanisms and dispersion engineering in photonic crystal waveguides (2011)

We examine the guiding mechanism of photonic crystal (PC) waveguide modes through the properties of their evanescent fields in the photonic crystal cladding, allowing an unambiguous definition of gap-guided and index-guided modes. We show that the ability to tailor the dispersion of PC waveguide modes depends on the properties of these fields. Our analysis suggests that the photonic crystal's lattice type can be used to maximize the region of the Brillouin zone where PC waveguide modes can be dispersion engineered.
A Maximum-Likelihood Channel Estimator in MIMO Full-Duplex Systems (2014)

This paper focuses on the channel estimation for residual self-interference cancellation at the baseband in a full-duplex transceiver. In particular, we analyze and develop a semi-blind maximum-likelihood algorithm to jointly estimate both the residual self-interference channel and intended signal channel based on the perfectly known transmitted symbols from its own transmitter, and both known pilot and unknown data symbols sent from the other intended transmitter. We first derive a closed-form solution for the channel estimate, and subsequently develop an iterative procedure to improve the estimation performance of the closed- form approach at high SNR. The iterative algorithm is guaranteed to converge to the ML solution when properly initiated. Simulation results show that, with a modest complexity, the proposed algorithm can offer good channel estimation MSE that follows well the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB), and good cancellation performance for a large SNR range.
Disruption of downstream chromatin directed by a transcriptional activator (1997)

Promoter-proximal pausing during transcriptional elongation is an important way of regulating many diverse loci, including the human hsp70 gene. Pausing of RNA polymerase can be enhanced by chromatin structure. We demonstrate that activation of hsp70 leads to disruption of transcribed chromatin in front of RNA polymerase. In vivo, disruption of chromatin in the first 400 bp of the transcribed region of hsp70 following heat shock is resistant to the transcriptional inhibitor alpha-amanitin. Disruption of chromatin farther downstream also occurs following activation but is sensitive to alpha-amanitin, suggesting that polymerase movement is needed to disrupt distal portions of the hsp70 gene. In vitro, disruption of transcribed chromatin is dependent on the presence of the human heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) activation domains. These experiments demonstrate that HSF1 can direct disruption of chromatin in transcribed regions. We suggest that this is one of the mechanisms used by HSF1 to facilitate transcriptional elongation.
High-dimensional quantum communication (2018)

In this thesis, Quantum Key Distribution and quantum communication methods based on high-dimensional spatial coding of light are developed. Their security is based on the fundamental quantum nature of light and profits from the highdimensional Hilbert spaces offered intrinsically by imaging optics. An overview of classical information theory and quantum information is given to introduce the field of quantum cryptography. The advantages of larger dimensional alphabets and the security of the standard two-bases BB84 protocol is shown. The spatial states used for encoding are introduced. An analytic expression for the upper bound on the mutual information for these states is derived, including multiphoton states, detector noise and beam broadening. High-dimensional encoding of single photons is experimentally realized, reaching 10.5 bit per received photon. The dependence of the mutual information on the number of detector pixels is discussed and the experimental values are compared with the theoretical upper bound. It was shown that a standard error-correcting LDPC code is sufficient to achieve practically error-free communication. By adding a second mutually unbiased basis, a large-alphabet QKD system is experimentally realized and characterized. The security of this BB84-like protocol is analyzed in terms of intercept-resend and collective attacks. The key rate after postprocessing is analyzed under realistic circumstances, including finite key length. Finally, a new quantum communication method is demonstrated, which is based on encoding information into wavefronts decomposed over guided modes of a multimode fiber. At the end a step back is made and the similarities and differences of several quantum authentication and quantum cryptography schemes as well as Quantum Data Locking are discussed. This involves comparison of the characteristics of the classical channel, the quantum channel and the necessary dimension of the Hilbert space.
Variation in microdeletions of the cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein gene at chromosome band 16p13.3 in the Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (2000)

Most reported microdeletions of the CREB-binding protein (CBP) gene in the Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RTS) were detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with a single cosmid probe specific to the 3' region of the gene. In order to test the hypothesis that the rate of microdeletion-positive cases would be greater if the entire gene was evaluated, we performed FISH on 66 patients with an established diagnosis of RTS, using a panel of five cosmids that span the CBP gene. Five of 66 patients had deletions by FISH (9%), consistent with those rates reported in various series that ranged between 3-25%. Among our cases, different deletions were observed; one was deleted for the 5' but not the 3' region of the CBP gene (case 055). Other deletions included a total CBP deletion extending from the 5' through the 3' region (case 017), a deletion of all but the 5' region (cases 006 and 060), and an interstitial deletion in the 3' region (case 028). Fine breakpoint mapping with additional cosmid and yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) constructs was performed on these patients. The findings of a partial 5' deletion and of interstitial deletions of the CBP gene add to the known spectrum of mutations of this gene in RTS and demonstrate the need for evaluation of the entire CBP gene region for deletions rather than only the 3' region in RTS patients. These results further suggest that the true rate of microdeletion across the CBP gene detectable by FISH has yet to be established firmly. No phenotypic differences between partial deletion, complete deletion, and nondeletion patients were observed, supporting a haploinsufficiency model for RSTS.
Absorption and disposition of a new low‐dose combination formulation of hydrochlorothiazide and triamterene (1990)

Two studies are reported that assess the bioequivalence of a new half-strength drug combination containing 25 mg hydrochlorothiazide and 37.5 mg triamterene compared to a full-strength formulation containing 50 mg hydrochlorothiazide and 75 mg triamterene. The first study (I) compared the absorption and disposition of the two drugs after administration of two tablets of the half-strength product as a single dose compared to a single dose of the full-strength product. The second study (II) assessed the bioavailability of the new product given as a single tablet on two occasions separated by an interval of 12 h compared to the full-strength product given as a single dose. Urine parameters in the first study indicated bioequivalence of the half-strength to the full product for both rate and extent of absorption. When given in divided doses, the half-strength product demonstrated bioequivalence to the full-strength product for extent of absorption. Additional data from the second study suggest that absorption of triamterene is greater when given in smaller divided doses and when given at night.
Big Data Analytics: How Big Data is Shaping Our Understanding of Electrified Vehicle Customers (2017)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Electrified vehicles including Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) and Plug-In Hybrid Vehicles (PHEVs) made by Ford Motor Company are fitted with a telematics modem to provide customers with the means to communicate with their vehicles and, at the same time, receive insight on their vehicle usage. These services are provided through the “MyFordMobile” website and phone applications, simultaneously collecting information from the vehicle for different event triggers. In this work, we study this data by using Big Data Methodologies including a Hadoop Database for storing data and HiveQL, Pig Latin and Python scripts to perform analytics. We present electrified vehicle customer behaviors including geographical distribution, trip distances, and daily distances and compare these to the Atlanta Regional Survey data. We discuss customer behaviors pertinent to electrified vehicles including charger types used, charging occurrence, charger plug-in times etc. Throughout this discussion, we highlight the process of extracting information from this data that can be used to further refine future design. Customer data privacy concerns are also addressed, with no analysis using any personally identifiable information.</div></div>
Mechanism of photocatalytic decomposition of water into H/sub 2/ and O/sub 2/ over NiO-SrTiO/sub 3/ (1986)

The mechanism of the photocatalytic decomposition of H/sub 2/O into H/sub 2/ and O/sub 2/ over NiO-SrTiO/sub 3/ powder was studied on the basis of the structure of the catalyst. It was elucidated that H/sub 2/ evolution occurs over NiO while O/sub 2/ evolution takes place over SrTiO/sub 3/. The importance of the existence of Ni metal between the interface of NiO and SrTiO/sub 3/ suggested the transfer of an electron between both materials. Two possible mechanisms, a one-photon process and a two-photon process, were discussed.
In vivo treatment of rabbit VX2 tumor by miniaturized image-ablate ultrasound arrays (2009)

In the preclinical studies reported here, VX2 cancer within rabbit liver has been treated by bulk ultrasound ablation employing miniaturized image-ablate arrays. Array probes were constructed with 32 elements in a 2.3 × 20 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> aperture and employed for B-scan imaging as well as bulk ablation at 4.8 MHz. In a series of in vivo experiments, tumor ablation using these arrays was histologically confirmed, with complete ablation of tumor cross sections for exposures with delivery of ¿747 J acoustic energy. These results show feasibility for development of an image-guided, interstitial bulk ultrasound ablation approach for clinical liver cancer treatment.
La dimensión emocional en la formación universitaria (2006)

En este artículo se investiga sobre los estilos de vida y de qué modo influyen o están relacionados con la actividad académica y con la vida. Existen en nosotros unas inclinaciones o impulsos de los que no somos concientes y son los que motivan buena parte de nuestros actos, ya sea en el entorno de enseñanza ya sea en la vida. Son fruto de la confluencia e interacción entre componentes genéticos, neurológicos, psicológicos y el medio sociocultural y educativo en permanente intercambio y recursividad. Ahora bien, la proyección de estas preferencias en la forma de ser, pensar, sentir, actuar, decidir…, es lo que denominamos estilo de vida. El predominio de unos componentes u otros conformarán un determinado estilo. Tras aplicar en cuestionario de inferencia verbal y de cuestiones abiertas a una población de 356 estudiantes de Ciencias de la Educación se constata que el lenguaje puede ser un instrumento útil para indagar sobre los impulsos profundos que mueven nuestra manera de ver la realidad, decidir y actuar. El género y la carrera también interactúan respecto a los estilos dominantes.
An X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopic Study of the Free Surface Segregation of Impurities in Platinum and Palladium (1987)

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy has been used to observe the free surface segregation of impurities in samples of platinum and palladium. Heating in vacuo to 600°C promoted the surface segregation of silver, gold, and carbon in platinum and the surface segregation of silver and sulfur in palladium. All species segregated in their elemental form. The core level binding energies of the silver and gold segregants were lower than those measured for the corresponding pure metal states.
Thermodynamic analysis and kinetics model of H<sub>2</sub>S sorption using different sorbents (2009)

Abstract Integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power systems are being advanced worldwide for generating electricity from various fuels due to their high‐energy efficiency, superior environmental performance, and low cost electricity in comparison to conventional power plants. Syngas produced from gasification process, primarily consists of CO, CO 2 , CH 4 , and H 2 , with certain content of contaminants, like sulfur compounds. These need to be removed prior to the utilization to avoid detrimental effects on the system equipments. Hot gas desulfurization (HGD) can improve the thermal efficiencies and lower the capital costs of the IGCC system due to the elimination of fuel gas cooling and associated heat exchangers. For this reason, various sorbents have been extensively studied to remove both inorganic and organic sulfur‐containing compounds in situ or downstream of gasifiers. To efficiently evaluate the performance of different sorbents and optimize the desulfurization process, a kinetic and thermodynamic analysis of the sorption reaction(s) for sulfur removal from hot gases is necessary. In this work, dolomite, limestone, lime, and several metal oxides, like CuO, ZnO, FeO, and MnO were chosen as desulfurization sorbent candidates. Three simulated gases based on gas compositions obtained from typical gasifiers were used for the thermodynamic analysis of sorption with various sorbents for H 2 S removal. The H 2 S concentration in equilibrium was calculated using the software package Factsage version 5.4.1 (GTT Technologies). The thermodynamic analysis shows that the equilibrium H 2 S concentration associated with the sulfidation of different sorbent is a strong function of temperature compared with other conditional parameters. Copper, zinc, and manganese oxides have the most favorable thermodynamic property of H 2 S removal when the temperature is lower than 650°C. Compared with other sorbents, dolomite, limestone, and lime have fairly similar removal abilities and exhibit quite different sorption tendencies as a function of the temperature. Finally, different sulfidation models were presented and the kinetics of sulfidation with calcium‐based sorbent by using the unreacted shrinking core model with variable effective diffusivity will be further examined and covered in the future publications. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2009
Monte Carlo calculation of phase equilibria for a bead-spring polymeric model (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMonte Carlo calculation of phase equilibria for a bead-spring polymeric modelYu Jane Sheng, Athanassios Z. Panagiotopoulos, Sanat K. Kumar, and Igal SzleiferCite this: Macromolecules 1994, 27, 2, 400–406Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00080a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00080a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views625Altmetric-Citations105LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Characterization of In<sub>0.53</sub>Ga<sub>0.47</sub>As photodiodes exhibiting low dark current and low junction capacitance (1981)

The preparation and properties of grown p-n homojunction In <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.53</inf> Ga <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.47</inf> As photodiodes for operation in the <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-1.7 \mu</tex> m wavelength range are described. At a reverse bias of 20 V, these diodes exhibit generation-recombination limited dark current as low as <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2 \times 10^{-9}</tex> A, junction capacitance of 0.3 pF, and pulse response corresponding to a circuit-limited rise time of 60 ps and diffusion-limited full width (FWHM) of 140 ps.
Design of a Highly Potent Anti-hypertensive Peptide Based on Ovokinin(2-7) (2002)

Ovokinin(2-7) (RADHPF), an orally active antihypertensive peptide derived from ovalbumin, lowers blood pressure in SHRs at a dose of 10 mg/kg. Attempts were made to potentiate its anti-hypertensive activity by replacing the amino acid residues in [Pro2, Phe3]-ovokinin(2-7), which was previously reported to have 33-fold stronger activity than ovokinin(2-7). The anti-hypertensive activity of [Pro2, Phe3]-ovokinin(2-7) was improved by replacement of the C-terminal Phe residue with Trp. Then, the best amino acid residues at other positions for the anti-hypertensive effect were selected. RPLKPW, the most potent derivative obtained, showed significant anti-hypertensive activities at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg after oral administration in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Thus, RPLKPW showed 100-fold more potent anti-hypertensive activity than ovokinin(2-7).
Optoelectronic Properties of CdTe Thin Films (2000)

The optoelectronic properties of doped with Cl CdTe thin films, thick layers and monocrystals have been investigated. It has been shown that high resistance, high photoconductivity or high p-type conductivity can be formed in doped only with Cl CdTe, depending on the Cl concentration. It has been supposed that a too high Cl concentration in recrystallized with CdCl2 flux CdTe film has been one of the key efficiency limits of CdTe-based solar cells.