gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Localization of 14C-nizatidine in the gastric wall of rats. (1991)

Nizatidine (N-[2-[[[2- [(dimethylamino)methyl]- 4-thiazolyl]methyl]thio]ethyl]-N'-methyl-2-nitro-1,1-ethenediamine , CAS 76963-41-2) has a selective and competitive antagonism against histamine H2-receptors. The localization of 14C-nizatidine to the parietal cells of gastric mucosa which is the effective site of nizatidine, was studied. After oral administration of 14C-nizatidine to rats, the radioactivity was rapidly distributed at higher levels in the gastric mucosa than in the plasma. The mucosal level of nizatidine at 6 h after administration was still 63.3 ng/g tissue, being similar to the effective plasma concentrations in dogs and man. Nizatidine was confirmed to be retained as an unchanged drug in the gastric mucosa, supporting the duration of pharmacological effects of nizatidine. The localization of the drug in gastric wall after intraduodenal administration was examined by means of microautoradiography. The radioactivity of 14C-nizatidine absorbed as the fine developed silver granules was widely localized into the parietal cells in the mucosal layer through the gastric wall at 30 min after administration. Also at 2 h after administration, when the suppression of gastric acid secretion was strongest, the silver granules were almost uniformly localized all over the gastric wall, but the localization was generally less dense than at 30 min.
Enhancement of leaky surface acoustic wave harmonics excitation using bonded dissimilar-material structures (2021)

Abstract The enhancement of high-order surface acoustic wave (SAW) harmonics by increasing the metallization ratio was theoretically and experimentally investigated in high-performance bonded dissimilar-material structures. The simulation using a finite element method for 36°Y-cut X-propagating LiTaO 3 (36°YX-LT)/AT-cut 90°X-propagating quartz (AT90°X-quartz) and 27°YX-LiNbO 3 /AT90°X-quartz was performed by setting the metallization ratio of the interdigital transducer to a/p = 0.8 ( a : electrode width, p : pitch), and the LT and LN thin-plate thicknesses to h / λ = 0.05 ( λ : wavelength) and 0.1, respectively. The fractional bandwidths for 36°YX-LT/AT90°X-quartz and 27°YX-LN/AT90°X-quartz were obtained to be 1.6% and 4.0%, respectively, which were larger than those for single LT and LN. For a leaky SAW (LSAW) resonator with a / p = 0.8 fabricated on 36°YX-LT/AT0°X-quartz, the resonance properties and temperature coefficient of frequency of LSAW fundamental waves and harmonics were measured. The measured fractional bandwidth increased from 0.8% to 1.4% for single LT.
MEG recording from the human ventro-occipital cortex in response to isoluminant color stimulation (2005)

In contrast to PET and fMRI studies, color-selective responses from the ventro-occipital area have rarely been reported in MEG studies. We tried to minimize the stimulation to all areas in the visual system except the color-processing ones by using a color space based on psychophysical and physiological knowledge in order to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio for MEG responses from the ventro-occipital area. MEG obtained from long intermittent reversals (2.0-3.5 s) of isoluminant chromatic gratings showed two major peaks at the latencies of approximately 100 and 150 ms. The estimated location of the equivalent-current dipole for response at 100-ms latency was in the calcarine sulcus and that of the dipole for the response at 150 ms was in the collateral sulcus in the ventro-occipital area. The response around 150 ms was uniquely observed in MEG elicited by chromatic reversals. The average of lags between MEG responses from the calcarine sulcus and ventro-occipital area was 43 ms, which suggests sequential processing of color information across the visual cortices.
Interaction of cations with a fatty acid monolayer. A grazing incidence x-ray fluorescence and reflectivity study (1991)

International audience
Degradation of Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid by Microbial Populations from an Aerated Lagoon (1975)

The ferric chelate of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) was biologically degraded by a mixed population of microorganisms present in an aerated lagoon receiving this chemical in its feed. As determined radiorespirometrically, 28% of the acetate-2-C and 30% of the ethylene position of the ammonium ferric chelate of [14C]EDTA was recovered as 14CO2 after 5 days. In a separate experiment using gas liquid chromatography and the sodium ferric chelate, as much as 89% disappearance of EDTA (0.1% wt/vol) was observed during a similar time period. Optimum 14CO2 evolution was observed at a pH value between 7 and 8 and at room temperature. Degradation of NH4Fe-[2-14C]EDTA was stimulated by the addition of either unlabeled NaFe-EDTA, nitrilotriacetic acid or ethylenediamine, and inhibited by the addition of a variety of different sugars and amino acids. Consistent with the biological nature of this degradation, little or no 14CO2 evolution was observed after heat treatment of the microorganisms at 100 C for 10 min, or after the addition of formalin or antibiotics to the incubation mixtures. Gas-liquid chromatography and mass spectral analyses were performed to demonstrate EDTA disappearance and to identify various possible intermediates of EDTA degradation.
EQUILIBRIUM OF THE ADDUCT FROM TRIBUTYLPHOSPHINE AND PHENYL ISOTHIOCYANATE AND 31P-NMR CHEMICAL SHIFTS OF THE ADDUCTS FROM TRIBUTYLPHOSPHINE AND ISOTHIOCYANATES (1974)

Abstract Equilibrium constants of the adduct (3c) from tributylphosphine (4) and phenyl isothiocyanate (5c) were measured in some solvents and 31P-NMR chemical shifts of the adducts (3) from (4) and isothiocyanates (RNCS) (5) were measure in DMF and correlated linearly with the σp values of the R groups.
A highly accurate feed model for microstrip, dual patch microstrip and microstrip backfire antennas (1991)

A new, more accurate model for the coaxial feed of microstrip, dual patch microstrip and microstrip backfire antennas is presented. In combination with the use of edge expansion functions in the method of moments this leads to a highly accurate analysis of these three types of antennas in a homogeneous medium. Results obtained using the model are compared with experimental results for few structures.
Furnaces (2015)

Abstract This chapter provides information needed for the solution of furnace engineering problems in areas of design, performance analysis, construction and operating cost estimates, and improvement programs. The modern industrial furnace design has evolved from a rectangular or cylindrical enclosure, built up of refractory shapes and held together by a structural steel binding. Heat may be transmitted in industrial furnaces by radiation—gas radiation from combustion gases to furnace walls or direct to load and solid‐state radiation from walls, radiant tubes, or electric heating elements to load—or by convection—from combustion gases to walls or load. In fuel‐fired furnaces, a fraction of the energy from combustion leaves the combustion chamber as sensible heat in waste gases and the latent heat of evaporation for any water vapor content resulting from the combustion of hydrogen. Heating times for furnace loads, loading patterns, and time‐temperature cycles can be calculated from data on radiation and non‐steady‐state conduction.
Detection and characterization of tilted peptides in amyloid proteins (2008)

IAP/Belspo P6/19 project - Proteins: interaction involved in folding, function and supramolecular assemblages
Design Evaluation of a Performance Analysis Trace Repository (2017)

Parallel and high performance computing experts are obsessed with performance and scalability. Performance analysis and tuning are important and complex but there are a number of software tools to support this. One methodology is the detailed recording of parallel runtime behavior in event traces and their subsequent analysis. This regularly produces very large data sets with their own challenges for handling and data management. This paper evaluates the utilization of the MASi research data management service as a trace repository to store, manage, and find traces in an efficient and usable way. First, we give an introduction to trace technologies in general, metadata in OTF2 traces specifically, and the MASi research data management service. Then, the trace repository is described with its potential for both performance analysts and parallel tool developers, followed with how we implemented it using existing metadata and how it can utilized. Finally, we give an outlook on how we plan to put the repository into productive use for the benefit of researchers using traces.
Dispersion properties of photonic crystal waveguides with a low in-plane index contrast (2006)

We investigate dispersion properties of photonic crystal waveguides in a low-index material system. The modes above the light line, of a waveguide consisting of one row of missing holes (W1), exhibit high losses due to out-of-plane radiation. In contrast, the index-guided modes below the light line show moderate losses and we demonstrate both theoretically and experimentally that high dispersion is possible. Furthermore we investigate wider defect waveguides operated within the photonic band gap, where a mini-stopband with a very large suppression of transmission was found. The dispersion properties of these waveguides are discussed.
Alternating Polyfluorene/Fullerene Solar Cells - Optical and Electronic Processes for Colllecting the Solar Spectrum (2007)

Alternating Polyfluorene/Fullerene Solar Cells - Optical and Electronic Processes for Colllecting the Solar Spectrum
Inhibition of SRY-Calmodulin Complex Formation induces ectopic expression of ovarian cell markers in developing XY gonads (2011)

The transcription factor sex-determining region of the Y chromosome (SRY) plays a key role in human sex determination, because mutations in SRY cause disorders of sex development in XY individuals. During gonadal development, Sry in pre-Sertoli cells activates Sox9 gene transcription, committing the fate of the bipotential gonad to become a testis rather than an ovary. The high-mobility group domain of human SRY contains two independent nuclear localization signals, one bound by calmodulin (CaM) and the other by importin-beta. Although XY females carry SRY mutations in these nuclear localization signals that affect SRY nuclear import in transfected cells, it is not known whether these transport mechanisms are essential for gonadal development and sex determination. Here, we show that mouse Sry protein binds CaM and that a CaM antagonist reduces CaM binding, nuclear accumulation, and transcriptional activity of Sry in transfected cells. CaM antagonist treatment of cultured, sexually indifferent XY mouse fetal gonads led to reduced expression of the Sry target gene Sox9, defects in testicular cord formation, and ectopic expression of the ovarian markers Rspondin1 and forkhead box L2. These results indicate the importance of CaM for SRY nuclear import, transcriptional activity, testis differentiation, and sex determination. (Endocrinology 152: 2883-2893, 2011)
Extraction of MOSFET Model Parameters from the Measured Source-to-drain Resistance (2009)

We present the extraction of MOSFET model parameters as functions of the channel length by means of a procedure based on the use of the measured source-to-drain resistance, instead of the conventional direct fitting to the drain current characteristics. Doing so, allows to separately extract the two parameters, source-and-drain series resistance and mobility degradation factor, that give rise to comparable effects on the current-gate voltage characteristics. The procedure involves a bidimensional fitting of the source-to-drain resistance as obtained from the below-saturation output characteristics measured at several above-threshold gate voltages. Its application is illustrated on experimental DRAM MOSFET test devices with channel lengths ranging from 0.23 to 2.0 m. It is shown that the new procedure is able to overcome the common difficulty typically encountered when trying to separate the effects of these two parameters using more conventional extraction methods.
Capillary zone electrophoresis–mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization of peptides and proteins (1989)

Abstract Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) coupled with an on‐line mass spectrometric (MS) detection system by an atmospheric pressure electrospray ionization (ESI) interface has been used successfully for Separations of peptide and protein mixtures. For CZE‐MS, ESI produces multiply charged molecular ions and thus allows mas spectrometers with a limited mass‐to‐charge range to analyze proteins having molecular weights greater than 100,000. Various pH buffer systems have been investigated, including buffer systems in which pH > p I (isoelectric point of analytes) and pH « p I are designed to reduce protein adsorption onto silica capillary surfaces and thus improve separation efficiencies. More than 125,000 theoretical plates have been obtained from a CZE‐MS separation of less than 1 pmol per component of leucine enkephalin and horse heart myoglobin. CZE‐MS of other large peptides and proteins are demonstrated.
Matrix Metalloproteinase Activity Modulates Tumor Size, Cell Motility, and Cell Invasiveness in Murine Aggressive Fibromatosis (2004)

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs) regulate the degradation of extracellular matrix components and play important roles in the progression of select neoplastic processes. The locally invasive soft tissue tumor, aggressive fibromatosis (also called desmoid tumor), is caused by mutations resulting in beta-catenin-mediated T-cell factor (tcf)-dependent transcriptional activity. Because beta-catenin can regulate MMP expression, we investigated the expression of several MMPs and TIMPs in aggressive fibromatosis tumors that develop in Apc+/Apc1638N mice. Mmp-3 and Timp-1 were differentially regulated (5-fold and 0.5-fold, respectively) in tumors compared with normal fibrous tissue. Conditioned media from tumor cells showed an increased ability to degrade collagen, and inhibition of MMPs using GM6001 decreased the ability of the tumor cells to invade through Matrigel. Both the treatment of Apc/Apc1638N mice with GM6001 or crossing with a transgenic mouse that overexpresses Timp-1 resulted in a significant reduction in tumor volume. Surprisingly, overexpression of Timp-1 also resulted in a 50% increase in tumor number. Although TIMP-1 can induce growth stimulatory effects in some cell types, we found no difference in proliferation or apoptosis rate in cells from tumors that developed in the Timp-1-transgenic mice compared with mice that did not express the Timp-1 transgene, suggesting that TIMP-1 promotes aggressive fibromatosis tumor formation through an alternate mechanism. These data suggest that MMPs play a crucial role in regulating the invasiveness of mesenchymal cells and in modulating aggressive fibromatosis tumor progression. Because this is a locally invasive tumor, MMP inhibition could slow tumor growth and may prove to be an effective adjuvant therapy.
The association of Ala54Thr variant of intestinal fatty acid binding protein gene with general and regional adipose tissue depots. (1999)

FABP2 is associated with regional adipose tissue depot. The decreased femoral subcutaneous adipose tissue depot in NIDDM subjects is related to FABP2-Thr54 variant.
Reduktiver Abbau der Additionsprodukte aus Glycin und o‐Chinonen (1973)

Abstract Die Bindungsverhältnisse der Phenolcarbonsäure‐Proteide, erstmals isoliert aus den Früchten von Anis und Kümmel, werden durch Strecker‐Abbau an den Modellsubstanzen 3‐Glycino‐4‐methylbenzochinon (1,2) und 6‐Glycino‐Kaffeesäurechinon bewiesen.
Two new syntheses of the “phospha‐wittig” reagents (1991)

Abstract The secondary phosphorylphosphane complexes used in the synthesis of phosphaalkene complexes from carbonyl compounds by the so‐called „phospha‐Wittig”︁ reaction can be obtained by two routes. In the first one, a primary lithiophosphine complex is condensed with a chlorophosphite. The resulting PP compound is oxidized at the free phosphorus by 3‐chloroperbenzoic acid. In the second one, bis(phosphoryl)phosphane complexes are allowed to react with sodium methylate in methanol or with water. One of the two PP bonds of the starting produt is thus cleaved to give the „phospha‐Wittig”︁ reagent. Both routes give better yields and are less sensitive to steric hindrance than the previously described method.
Analysis of Heat Load, Current Margin and Current Nonuniformity in ITER PF Coil Joints (2012)

The poloidal field (PF) magnet system of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) consists of six pulsed coils. Each coil comprises independent modules connected to each other through “shaking hands” joints. In the paper the results of the analysis of the electro-magnetic and thermal performance of the joints during the ITER 15 MA plasma scenario are presented. Of special concern is the radial magnetic field component that is particularly high close to the upper and lower edges of the coils. Moreover, the orientation of the joints in the PF coils is such as to give scope to large current loops between the two cables, which could potentially reduce the temperature and current margins to critical levels. The study has been carried out with the code JackPot-AC, which has been recently upgraded to allow a strand-level detailed analysis of lap-type joints.
Quantitative Analysis of Polymeric Procyanidins (Tannins) from Grape (<i>Vitis vinifera</i>) Seeds by Reverse Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (2000)

A reverse phase C(18) HPLC method with potential for high automated throughput has been developed for the quantitative analysis of polymeric procyanidins (tannins) in grape seed extracts. Chromatography gave rise to 13 distinct UV-absorbing peaks with good baseline separation. The UV-absorbing peak eluting last is distinct and therefore easily quantified. Biochemical analyses including ultrafiltration, protein precipitation, and Sephadex LH20 chromatography combined with electrospray mass spectrometric analyses establish that this peak predominantly contains polymeric procyanidins. The polymers, which appear to be galloylated to various degrees and seem to fragment in a characteristic manner during electrospray mass spectrometry, are well separated from catechins and procyanidin oligomers of up to 4 units. The recovery of polymeric grape seed tannins with this HPLC method was 86%, which is similar to the 89% recovery achieved with commercial quebracho tannins. The concentration of tannins in seeds from ripe Vitis vinifera cv. Shiraz grapes ranged from 1360 to 2830 mg/kg of berries.
Temperature and solids retention time control microbial population dynamics and volatile fatty acid production in replicated anaerobic digesters (2015)

Anaerobic digestion is a widely used technology for waste stabilization and generation of biogas, and has recently emerged as a potentially important process for the production of high value volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and alcohols. Here, three reactors were seeded with inoculum from a stably performing methanogenic digester, and selective operating conditions (37°C and 55°C; 12 day and 4 day solids retention time) were applied to restrict methanogenesis while maintaining hydrolysis and fermentation. Replicated experiments performed at each set of operating conditions led to reproducible VFA production profiles which could be correlated with specific changes in microbial community composition. The mesophilic reactor at short solids retention time showed accumulation of propionate and acetate (42 ± 2% and 15 ± 6% of CODhydrolyzed, respectively), and dominance of Fibrobacter and Bacteroidales. Acetate accumulation (>50% of CODhydrolyzed) was also observed in the thermophilic reactors, which were dominated by Clostridium. Under all tested conditions, there was a shift from acetoclastic to hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis, and a reduction in methane production by >50% of CODhydrolyzed. Our results demonstrate that shortening the SRT and increasing the temperature are effective strategies for driving microbial communities towards controlled production of high levels of specific volatile fatty acids.
Outcomes of stent-graft treatment of false lumen in aortic dissection. (1998)

In cases of aortic dissection, the stent-graft is an effective tool for closing the entry site and promoting clot formation in the false lumen and for reducing the size of the false lumen within 6 months of the onset of dissection if the entry site has been closed.
Zener tunneling in systems without level crossing (1990)

We compare the standard Zener tunneling problem with one in which the unperturbed states do not intersect. We find that even when their adiabatic energy spectra are identical, the two cases have dramatically different asymptotic tunneling probabilities. The time of Zener tunneling, a measure of the duration of the transition, is also different for the two. The latter is determined by calculating the transition probability as a function of time, for both the sudden and adiabatic limits. We also develop analytic asymptotic expansions for the tunneling probability for these limits. The results are discussed in terms suitable for comparison with experiment.
ATP sensitivity of ATP‐sensitive K<sup>+</sup> channels: role of the γ phosphate group of ATP and the R50 residue of mouse Kir6.2 (2005)

ATP-sensitive K (K(ATP)) channels are composed of Kir6, the pore-forming protein, and the sulphonylurea receptor SUR, a regulatory protein. We and others have previously shown that positively charged residues in the C terminus of Kir6.2, including R201 and K185, interact with the alpha and beta phosphate groups of ATP, respectively, to induce channel closure. A positively charged residue in the N terminus, R50, is also important, and has been proposed to interact with either the gamma or beta phosphate group of ATP. To examine this issue, we systematically mutated R50 to residues of different size, charge and hydropathy, and examined the effects on adenine nucleotide sensitivity in the absence and presence of SUR1. In the absence of SUR1, only the size of residue 50 significantly altered ATP sensitivity, with smaller side chains decreasing ATP sensitivity. In the presence of SUR1, however, hydrophathy and charge also played a role. Hydrophilic residues decreased ATP sensitivity more than hydrophobic residues for small size residues, and, surprisingly, negatively charged residues E and D preserved ATP sensitivity and increased ADP sensitivity relative to the wild-type residue R. These observations suggest that a negative charge near position 50, due to either mutation of R50 or the interaction of the gamma phosphate group of ATP with R50, facilitates closure of the ATP-dependent gate. Mutation of the nearby positively charged residue R54, known to be involved in stabilizing channel opening via electrostatic interactions with phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), also caused increased ADP sensitivity as compared with ATP, suggesting a loss of function of ATP's gamma phosphate. Based on these results, we propose that a phosphate group or a negative charge at position 50 initiates channel closure by destabilizing the electrostatic interactions between negative phosphate groups of PIP2 and residues such as R54.