gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Self-Tuning Automotive Cruise Control System Using the Time Delay Controller (1992)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper proposes an automotive cruise control system, using a self-tuning type controller and a stepping motor type actuator. The dynamic characteristics of vehicles change widely according to differences in the vehicle itself, such as engine type or vehicle weight, differences in vehicle speed range, and external disturbances such as changes in road incline or air resistance. The time delay control (TDC) method was introduced as an effective control method for systems with dynamic characteristics like this. Qualitative rules were also constructed to estimate driving conditions using vehicle speed error and the control input to the actuator, which opens and closes the throttle valve. A Self-tuning algorithm was developed, which automatically adjusts the control gain and the acceleration at the resuming operation using these rules. Cruise control experiments were performed for several different vehicles using this algorithm and good results were obtained.</div>
Evaluating methods for the analysis of rare variants in sequence data (2011)

A number of rare variant statistical methods have been proposed for analysis of the impending wave of next-generation sequencing data. To date, there are few direct comparisons of these methods on real sequence data. Furthermore, there is a strong need for practical advice on the proper analytic strategies for rare variant analysis. We compare four recently proposed rare variant methods (combined multivariate and collapsing, weighted sum, proportion regression, and cumulative minor allele test) on simulated phenotype and next-generation sequencing data as part of Genetic Analysis Workshop 17. Overall, we find that all analyzed methods have serious practical limitations on identifying causal genes. Specifically, no method has more than a 5% true discovery rate (percentage of truly causal genes among all those identified as significantly associated with the phenotype). Further exploration shows that all methods suffer from inflated false-positive error rates (chance that a noncausal gene will be identified as associated with the phenotype) because of population stratification and gametic phase disequilibrium between noncausal SNPs and causal SNPs. Furthermore, observed true-positive rates (chance that a truly causal gene will be identified as significantly associated with the phenotype) for each of the four methods was very low (<19%). The combination of larger than anticipated false-positive rates, low true-positive rates, and only about 1% of all genes being causal yields poor discriminatory ability for all four methods. Gametic phase disequilibrium and population stratification are important areas for further research in the analysis of rare variant data.
Novel approaches to the nutritional management of the allergic infant (2005)

The increased prevalence of atopic diseases, i.e. atopic eczema, allergic rhinitis and asthma, has been described as the epidemic of the 21st century in Western societies. New approaches in the fight against allergic diseases are clearly called for, the target being the persistence of the allergic responder pattern beyond infancy. The advantage afforded by elimination diets lies in the silencing of specific allergic inflammation induced by an offending food. Novel nutritional approaches, beyond the treatment of food allergies, have recently attracted research interest subsequent to the identification of the immunomodulatory potential of specific dietary compounds. Dietary lipids as immunomodulators may prevent allergic sensitization by down-regulating inflammatory response whilst protecting the epithelial barrier. Probiotic bacteria have been shown to reinforce the different lines of gut defence: immune exclusion, immune elimination and immune regulation. On this basis, the strategy against allergic disease proposed here is based on the administration of tolerogenic gut-processed peptide fragments of a specific protein, in addition to the use of specific dietary compounds such as fatty acids and antioxidants, and introducing a microbial stimulus for the immature immune system by means of cultures of beneficial live micro-organisms characteristic of the healthy infant gut microbiota.
Occupancy of the Sodalite Cages in the Blue Ultramarine Pigments (2002)

A quantitative EPR study of blue ultramarine pigments has been performed in order to determine the concentration of the S(3)(-) chromophore. Copper sulfate CuSO(4) x 5H(2)O has been used as a standard, while a ruby crystal was used as an inner standard to take into account the changes of the quality factor of the cavity. These experiments show that, in the most-colored pigments, less than half of the sodalite cages are occupied by a S(3)(-) radical. In other experiments, it has been shown that the blue ultramarine pigments can be significantly modified by heating under a dynamic vacuum. The concentrations of S(3)(-) and S(2)(-), as deduced from EPR and Raman experiments, are increased after this type of treatment. These changes imply that sulfur species are transformed into S(3)(-) or S(2)(-) during this treatment. It is discussed that these sulfur species could be S(2)(-).
<sup>1</sup>H NMR Spectral Simplification with Achiral and Chiral Lanthanide Shift Reagents. Ethchlorvynol. Novel Behavior of a Terminal Alkyne with Ag(I) - Lanthanide Binuclear Shift Reagent (1986)

Abstract The 60 MHz 1H NMR spectra of racemic ethchlorvynol, 1, have been studied at 28° in CDCl3 solution with the achiral reagent tris(6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptafluoro-2,2-dimethyl-3,5-octanedionato)europium(III).
Quantification of focal adhesion dynamics of cell movement based on cell-induced collagen matrix deformation using second-harmonic generation microscopy (2018)

Mechanical interactions of living cells with the surrounding environment via focal adhesion (FA) in three dimensions (3-D) play a key role in dynamic biological events, such as tissue regeneration, wound healing, and cancer invasion. Recently, several methods for observing 3-D cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions have been reported, lacking solid and quantitative analysis on the dynamics of the physical interaction between the cell and the ECM. We measured the submicron displacements of ECM deformation in 3-D due to protrusion-retraction dynamics during cell migration, using second-harmonic generation without labeling the matrix structures. We then quantitatively analyzed the mechanical deformation between the ECM and the cells based on spatiotemporal volumetric correlations. The greatest deformations within the collagen matrix were found to occur at sites of colocalization of the FA site-related proteins vinculin and actin, which confirms that FA sites play a critical role in living cells within the ECM as a point for adhesion, traction, and migration. We believe that this modality can be used in studies of cell-ECM interaction during angiogenesis, wound healing, and metastasis.
Optical emission study of nonthermal plasma confirms reaction mechanisms involving neutral rather than charged species (2007)

Charge transfer reactions are commonly used to explain NOx conversion in nonthermal plasma. An analysis of optical emission spectra induced by pulsed corona discharge in NOx-containing argon suggests that, in fact, the contribution of charge transfer reactions to NOx conversion in nonthermal plasma is negligible. During electrical discharge in such gas mixtures, NO(B), an electronic excited state of NO formed due to the dissociative recombination reactions of NO2+ and N2O+ and the optical emission of NO(B) could be a proof that cations are responsible for NOx conversion. However, the optical emission of NO(B) is not observed, leading to the conclusion that cations are not involved to any measurable degree. Therefore, charge transfer reactions cannot play a significant role in nonthermal plasma largely because the cations are neutralized with electrons before any charge transfer reactions can occur and concentrations of radicals are far higher than those of cations, which inhibits charged particle reactions. Instead, neutral active species, such as atoms, molecular fragments, and excited molecules, are the major active species contributing to nonthermal plasma reactions.
Theoretical Model of Relationship Between Frame-Rate and Bit-Rate Considering the Effect of the Integral Phenomenon (2006)

Higher frame-rates are being considered to achieve more realistic representations. Since increasing the frame-rate increases the total amount of information, efficient coding methods are required. However, the statistical properties of such data has not been clarified. This paper establishes, for high frame-rate video, a mathematical model of the relationship between frame-rate and bit-rate. The model incorporates the effect of the integral phenomenon which occurs when the frame-rate is downsampled. A coding experiment confirms the validity of the mathematical model.
A Prospective Survey of Atrial Fibrillation Management for Real-world Guideline Adherence: COmparison study of Drugs for symptom control and complication prEvention of Atrial Fibrillation (CODE-AF) Registry (2017)

This study shows how successfully guidelines can be applied in the real world. The nonadherence rate was 17.2%, 9.9%, and 22.4% for stroke prevention, rate control, and rhythm control, respectively.
Spin Flopping in LiCuCl3·2H2O (1971)

Single crystal magnetic measurements of LiCuCl3·2H2O in the liquid-helium temperature region revealed the presence of a spin-flop state above 9 kG. By means of the magneto-caloric effect it has been possible to trace out the antiferromagnetic-spin-flop boundary. A least squares fit of the data indicated that this boundary could be represented by Hc=9.36+0.078T+0.173T2 with Hc in kG. The spin-flop-paramagnetic and antiferromagnetic-paramagnetic boundaries were obtained by specific-heat measurements. Calculations gave the anisotropy field (HA) as 3.0 kG, and the exchange field (HE) as 11.0 kG. All of the above measurements were made with the external field parallel to the easy axis of magnetization.
THE OXIDATION KINETICS OF ZIRCONIUM CARBIDE (1963)

The oxidation kinetics of ZrC were studied at 450 to 580 un. Concent 85% C in oxygen pressures from 6.5 x 10/sup -5/ to 1 atm using a thermogravimetric apparatus and sized powder samples. Two parallel rate controlling processes were observed. A surface reaction occurring at the ZrC - ZrO/sub 2/ phase boundary accounted for most of the oxidation and had an activation enthalpy of 46 kcal/mole. The other process, believed to be diffusion of O into the ZrC lattice partially replacing C, had an activation enthalpy of 53 kcal/mole. The enthalpy for chemisorption of O on ZrC was determined to be -13 kcal/ mole. Water vapor in the presence of O accelerated the surface reaction rate. (auth)
A Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis of ozone trend predictions in a two‐dimensional model (1999)

We use Monte Carlo analysis to estimate the uncertainty in predictions of total O 3 trends between 1979 and 1995 made by the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) two‐dimensional (2‐D) model of stratospheric photochemistry and dynamics. The uncertainty is caused by gas phase chemical reaction rates, photolysis coefficients, and heterogeneous reaction parameters which are model inputs. The uncertainty represents a lower bound to the total model uncertainty assuming the input parameter uncertainties are characterized correctly. Each of the Monte Carlo runs was initialized in 1970 and integrated for 26 model years through the end of 1995. This was repeated 419 times using input parameter sets generated by Latin hypercube sampling. The standard deviation (σ) of the Monte Carlo ensemble of total O 3 trend predictions is used to quantify the model uncertainty. The 34% difference between the model trend in globally and annually averaged total O 3 using nominal inputs and atmospheric trends calculated from Nimbus 7 and Meteor 3 total ozone mapping spectrometer (TOMS) version 7 data is less than the 46% calculated 1σ model uncertainty, so there is no significant difference between the modeled and observed trends. In the northern hemisphere midlatitude spring the modeled and observed total O 3 trends differ by more than 1σ but less than 2σ, which we refer to as marginal significance. We perform a multiple linear regression analysis of the runs which suggests that only a few of the model reactions contribute significantly to the variance in the model predictions. The lack of significance in these comparisons suggests that they are of questionable use as guides for continuing model development. Large model/measurement differences which are many multiples of the input parameter uncertainty are seen in the meridional gradients of the trend and the peak‐to‐peak variations in the trends over an annual cycle. These discrepancies unambiguously indicate model formulation problems and provide a measure of model performance which can be used in attempts to improve such models.
Silicon-Based Optoelectronics: Progress and Challenges (1999)

We review the status of silicon-based optoelectronics with emphasis on light emitting diodes. Erbium-doped Si, por-Si and silicon-based superlattices and nanos-tructures are discussed. The origin behind light emission in silicon with feature sizes below about 60 nm still remains poorly understood. 1.
Inactivation of Prions by Acidic Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (2005)

Prompted by the discovery that prions become protease-sensitive after exposure to branched polyamine dendrimers in acetic acid (AcOH) (S. Supattapone, H. Wille, L. Uyechi, J. Safar, P. Tremblay, F. C. Szoka, F. E. Cohen, S. B. Prusiner, and M. R. Scott, J. Virol. 75:3453-3461, 2001), we investigated the inactivation of prions by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in weak acid. As judged by sensitivity to proteolytic digestion, the disease-causing prion protein (PrPSc) was denatured at room temperature by SDS at pH values of < or =4.5 or > or =10. Exposure of Sc237 prions in Syrian hamster brain homogenates to 1% SDS and 0.5% AcOH at room temperature resulted in a reduction of prion titer by a factor of ca. 10(7); however, all of the bioassay hamsters eventually developed prion disease. When various concentrations of SDS and AcOH were tested, the duration and temperature of exposure acted synergistically to inactivate both hamster Sc237 prions and human sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) prions. The inactivation of prions in brain homogenates and those bound to stainless steel wires was evaluated by using bioassays in transgenic mice. sCJD prions were more than 100,000 times more resistant to inactivation than Sc237 prions, demonstrating that inactivation procedures validated on rodent prions cannot be extrapolated to inactivation of human prions. Some procedures that significantly reduced prion titers in brain homogenates had a limited effect on prions bound to the surface of stainless steel wires. Using acidic SDS combined with autoclaving for 15 min, human sCJD prions bound to stainless steel wires were eliminated. Our findings form the basis for a noncorrosive system that is suitable for inactivating prions on surgical instruments, as well as on other medical and dental equipment.
Effect of grain orientation and coating on thermal fatigue resistance of a directionally solidified superalloy (MAR-M 247) (1979)

The effect of off-axis directionally solidified (DS) grain growth on thermal fatigue life of Mar-M 247 alloy was evaluated. Uncoated conventionally cast as well as DS wedge bars were cycled in a burner rig between 1070 C and room temperature. The longitudinal axis and leading edge of the specimen coincided. As the angle between the specimen longitudinal axis and growth axis increased, the thermal fatigue life decreased for both the uncoated and aluminide-coated bars. Life increases of about 50 cycles for the DS conditions were attributed to coating. The decrease in thermal fatigue life with increasing angle is primarily attributed to the increase in modulus of elasticity with increasing angle and not to the intersection of DS grain boundaries with the specimen leading edge. The thermal fatigue cracks were observed to be transgranular in the DS material. Limited tensile and stress-rupture properties of conventionally cast and off-axis DS Mar-M 247 alloy are also presented.
A Medicago truncatula ABCG transporter modulates the level of isoflavonoids (2013)

Full size ABCG transporters have been proposed to be implicated in the active transmembrane traffic of various secondary metabolites. Despite the importance of ABCG-based transport for plant-environment interactions, these proteins are still poorly characterised in legumes. The functional characterisation of, recently identified, Medicago ABCG10 was conducted by gene expression analyses, protein localization, as well as metabolites quantification. Biological assays were performed with control and MtABCG10-silenced material. The MtABCG10 mRNA accumulated upon the application of fungal oligosaccharides on plant roots. Spatial expression pattern analysis with a reporter gene revealed that the MtABCG10 promoter is active mostly within the vascular tissues in various organs. The corresponding protein is located in the plasma membrane. Silencing of MtABCG10 in hairy roots resulted in lower accumulation of the phenylpropanoid pathway-derived phytoalexin and its precursors. In addition, we observed that MtABCG10-silenced composite plants are more susceptible to infection with Fusarium oxysporum. Based upon the presented data, we propose that the MtABCG10 is a modulator of isoflavonoid levels during the defence response associated with de novo synthesis of Medicago phytoalexin.
Mating Behavior and the Evolution of Drosophila mauritiana (1983)

Uploaded by Plazi for TaxoDros. We do not have abstracts.
Mesogenic Properties of Bis(5-Alkoxytropolonato)Metals (1999)

Abstract Bis(5-alkoxytropolonato) metallomesogens showed mesogenic properties when the central metal ion was a copper whereas the corresponding zinc complex was not mesogenic. The X-ray diffraction study indicated the mesophases were a smectic B phase and a higher ordered phase such as a crystal B or a smectic G phase.
Effect of water on the interaction between stearic acid and fine powders (1951)

The first page of this article is displayed as the abstract.
Optimizing Ipsec for Energy-Efficient Secure Wireless Sessions (2005)

Deployment of security protocols in battery-powered mobile devices has elevated energy consumption to an important design metric of network design. In this chapter we identified the various sources of energy consumption during the setup, operation and tear down of a secure wireless session. We used Internet Security Protocol (IPSec) for our analysis and developed techniques based on information compression, session negotiation protocol optimization and choice of cryptographic primitives to reduce the energy consumed by a secure wireless session. A mobile test bed was developed to validate our energy management schemes which showed that the proposed schemes were able to reduce the session establishment energy by more than 6.5× and the secure data communication energy by more than 25× during data transmission and by more than 3.8× during data reception.
Functional studies examining the subpopulation of human B lymphocytes responding to high molecular weight B cell growth factor. (1990)

Mature human B lymphocytes perform many functions including antibody secretion, Ag presentation, preservation of memory for Ag, and lymphokine secretion. Individual resting B cells receive multiple sequential signals that determine the function(s) that will be performed by those cells. Activation signals such as Ag or Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I (Sac) stimulate overlapping but different subpopulations of B cells. After activation, B cells may be induced to proliferate by a variety of B cell growth factors (BCGF) including IL-2, IL-4, TNF-alpha, low molecular weight BCGF (LMW-BCGF), and high molecular weight BCGF (HMW-BCGF). Little information exists to explain why so many different BCGFs are involved with human B cell proliferation. The current studies were designed to examine the role HMW-BCGF plays in selecting B cells for particular functions. HMW-BCGF but not LMW-BCGF was found to inhibit Ig secretion when it was included in culture with Sac-activated B cells and B cell differentiation factors (BCDFs) including IL-6. Sorting resting B lymphocytes into surface IgD+ and IgD- populations and then stimulating each population with anti-mu revealed that the cells most responsive to HMW-BCGF resided in the surface IgD- sorted population. Sorting activated B lymphocytes into BA5 (HMW-BCGFR)+ and BA5- populations revealed that BA5+ B cells stimulated with BCDF (in the absence of HMW-BCGF) produced predominantly IgG, whereas the BA5- population produced both IgG and IgM. Finally, expansion of peripheral B cells from tetanus toxoid-immunized donors with either HMW-BCGF or LMW-BCGF revealed that the HMW-BCGF-expanded population produced predominantly IgG tetanus-specific antibody in the presence of BCDF (in the absence of HMW-BCGF), whereas the LMW-BCGF-expanded population produced IgM much greater than IgG tetanus-specific antibody. Thus, HMW-BCGF may function to expand a subpopulation of B cells for memory B cell functions.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Somatic gene transfer of cAMP response element-binding protein attenuates memory impairment in aging rats. (2006)

cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) is important for the formation and facilitation of long-term memory in diverse models. However, to our knowledge, involvement of CREB in age-associated memory impairment has not been reported. Here, we use a recombinant adeno-associated virus vector to obtain stable transgenic expression of CREB as well as the inducible cAMP early repressor (ICER) in the hippocampus of adult rats. In a longitudinal study, we show that somatic gene transfer of both CREB and ICER does not alter long-term memory in young (3month-old) rats. However, at 15 months of age, the same CREBtransduced rats show significantly better long-term memory in spatial-navigation and passive-avoidance tasks compared with their equally aged control littermates, and a threshold effect is evident. In contrast, the aged ICER-transduced rats demonstrate significantly reduced memory in comparison with the same control group. Hippocampal CREB gene transfer prevented the agingrelated decrease in long-term memory found in the control rats. These data suggest that elevation of CREB protein levels in a subset of hippocampal neurons as achieved by somatic cell gene transfer might compensate for general deficits in molecular mechanisms underlying age-related memory loss in rats and, therefore, attenuate long-term-memory impairment during normal aging. adeno-associated virus vector inducible cAMP early repressor