gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dehydration inhibits matrix synthesis and cell proliferation: An in vitro study of rabbit flexor tendons (1991)

Segments of the deep flexor tendon of the rabbit were exposed to air; the effects of dehydration on in vitro synthesis of proteoglycan, collagen, noncollagenous protein, and cell proliferation were compared with tendon segments that were kept moist with physiologic saline. After 20 min of exposure to air, the tendons lost half and after 40 min all of their ability to synthesize matrix components and to proliferate, whereas irrigated tendons remained viable during the entire experiment.
Abstract 4548: Prognostic value of occult metastases detected by cytokeratin 20 and mucin 2 mRNA quantification in sentinel lymph nodes from colon cancer patients (2012)

Abstract BACKGROUND: Lymph node (LN) metastasis status is among the strongest prognostic factors in colon cancer. Despite this, 20-30% of LN negative patients experience disease recurrence. These patients may have occult LN metastases that are not detected by routine microscopy. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prognostic value of occult metastases detected by cytokeratin 20 (CK20) and mucin 2 (MUC2) mRNA quantification in sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) from patients curatively resected for colon cancer. METHODS: Resection specimens from consecutive patients undergoing surgery for localized colon cancer were subjected to ex vivo SLN mapping. The isolated SLNs were examined for the presence of metastases by routine HES staining and quantitative CK20 and MUC2 mRNA measurements. Primary tumor microsatelite instability- (MSI), KRAS and BRAF mutation status were determined for the included patients. Recurrence-free and disease-specific survivals were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier survival estimates and log rank tests. RESULTS: SLNs were identified in 206 (97%) of the 213 included patients. Routine histological analysis of SLNs and other regional lymph nodes revealed LN metastases in 63 patients (pN+), of which 42 (67%) had metastases detected in one or more SLNs (sensitivity 67%, false negative rate 33%). When analyzing the SLNs by CK20 and MUC2 mRNA quantification, occult metastases were suggested in 86 (60%) and 52 (36%) of the 143 otherwise LN negative (pN0) patients, respectively. Survival analysis with a median 3.6 year follow-up revealed a significant prognostic value of MUC2 mRNA quantification in SLNs from all the patients, but not for the pN0 patients. For CK20 mRNA levels in SLNs we observed no statistically significant survival differences. Patient stratification according to primary tumor MSI, KRAS mutation and BRAF mutation status did not reveal any significant survival differences related to the suggested occult SLN metastases, neither. CONCLUSIONS: Occult SLN metastases detected by quantitative CK20 and MUC2 mRNA measurements did not demonstrate any prognostic value in this study. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4548. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4548
Diagnosis and management of pelvic fractures. (2010)

The diagnostic and therapeutic modalities utilized in the management of pelvic ring fractures depend on patient characteristics, mechanism of injury, and hemodynamic status at the time of presentation. Knowledge of the complex anatomy and biomechanics of pelvic stability may guide appropriate initial management strategies. Even with the development of specific treatment algorithms and advances in both diagnostic and operative techniques, fractures of the pelvis continue to cause significant morbidity and mortality. The current paper reviews the diagnosis and management of pelvic ring fractures, focusing on current concepts with respect to initial assessment and treatment protocols, including the identification of associated injuries and emergency methods of provisional pelvic stabilization.
Characteristics of medicinal plants in protected area Dabeto village Novi izvor (Bulgaria) (2019)

The present study examines the medicinal plants in the protected area PA "Dabeto", Novi izvor village in the region of Plovdiv. The received data is based on a three-year research of the flora in the protected zone. Eco-biological characteristic of the medicinal plants is made, and the species are distributed by biological groups, by life forms, by floral elements, and by time of flowering. The plants are classified by ecological groups according their regard towards the water, the light and the heat as a factor. Conclusions for the presence by percentage of medicinal flora in the protected area are made.
Water circulation and shelf waves in the northern Great Barrier Reef lagoon (1981)

Currents and sea levels were measured at a number of locations in the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) lagoon from about 10 to 13º S., during the period October-December 1979. A strong non-tidal, low-frequency modulation of all sea-level and current data was found. The currents nearshore were driven northward by the wind, and then at least partially blocked by the dense network of reefs to the north of 10º s. The water then flowed southward in deeper water adjacent to the reef, driven by a longshore pressure gradient. The low- frequency sea-level data, though not the current records, showed northward phase propagation at speeds characteristic of a first-mode shelf wave trapped in the lagoon between the shore and the reef. Data are presented revealing the intrusion of low-salinity water, through Bligh Entrance, in the GBR lagoon, as a result of river discharges in the Gulf of Papua. It is suggested that low-frequency longshore currents may periodically flush these river plumes from the GBR lagoon and enhance interaction between reefs. In the Coral Sea in front of reef passages, the large horizontal velocities may result in forces upwelling by selective withdrawal and jet entrainment.
Synthese, Kristallstruktur und Eigenschaften von 1,1,3,3,3-Pentaaminol- 1-thio-1 λ<sup>5</sup>,3λ<sup>5</sup>-diphosphaz-2-en (NH<sub>2</sub>)2P(S)N=P(NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub> / Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Properties of 1,1,3,3,3-Pentaam 1-thio-1 λ<sup>5</sup>,3λ<sup>5</sup>-diphosphaz-2-en (NH<sub>2</sub>)2P(S)N=P(NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub> (1997)

Abstract (NH 2 ) 2 P(S)N=P(NH 2 ) 3 has been prepared by a two step synthesis. Suitable single crystals were obtained from an acetonitrile solution in a temperature gradient between 60 °C and room temperature. The crystal structure of (NH 2 ) 2 P(S)N=P(NH 2 ) 3 has been determined by single crystal X-ray methods (P2 1 /c, a = 998.27(9) b = 762.78(8), c = 1007.70(15) pm, β = 107.340(7)°, Z = 4). In the crystal structure each hydrogen atom is subject to a hydrogen bond. Four N-H -N hydrogen bonding interactions per molecule build up a framework connecting two molecules in eight-membered rings. Each sulfur atom shows six distances N-H···S in the range of weak hydrogen bonding interactions.
Recent progress on photonic crystal fibers for high power laser applications (2004)

Recent development achievements in high power fiber laser designs and subassemblies have improved the performance and usability. Such achievements show the path for these fiber lasers out of the R&D labs and into industrial environments.
ADir/sub p/NB: a cost-effective way to implement full map directory-based cache coherence protocols (2001)

Directories have been used to maintain cache coherency in shared memory multiprocessors with private caches. The traditional full map directory tracks the exact caching status for each shared memory block and is designed to be efficient and simple. Unfortunately, the inherent directory size explosion makes it unsuitable for large-scale multiprocessors. In this paper, we propose a new directory scheme, dubbed associative full map directory (ADir/sub p/NB) which reduces the directory storage requirement. The proposed ADir/sub p/NB uses one directory entry to maintain the sharing information for a set of exclusively cached memory blocks in a centralized linked list style. By implementing dynamic cache pointer allocation, reclamation, and replacement hints, ADir/sub p/NB can be implemented as "a full map directory with lower directory memory cost". Our analysis indicates that, on a typical architectural paradigm, ADir/sub p/NB reduces memory overhead of a traditional full map directory by up to 70-80 percent. In addition to the low memory overhead, we show that the proposed scheme can be implemented with appropriate protocol modification and hardware addition. Simulation studies indicate that ADir/sub p/NB can achieve a competitive performance with the Dir/sub p/NB. Compared with limited directory schemes, ADir/sub p/NB shows more stable and robust performance results on applications across a spectrum of memory sharing and access patterns due to the elimination of directory overflows. We believe that ADir/sub p/NB can be employed as a design alternative of full map directory for moderately large-scale and fine-grain shared memory multiprocessors.
Polydiacetylene Capacitive Artificial Nose (2019)

Polydiacetylenes are a class of conjugated polymers exhibiting unique color and fluorescence properties and employed as useful sensing vehicles. Here we demonstrate for the first time that the dielectric properties of polydiacetylenes can be exploited for vapor sensing. Specifically, electrodes coated with polydiacetylenes, embedded within a porous polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) matrix, exhibit significant capacitance transformations upon exposure to different vapors. The capacitive response of the polydiacetylene/PVP films depended upon both the structures of the diacetylene monomer and the extent of ultraviolet irradiation (i.e., polymerization), underscoring a unique sensing mechanism affected by conjugation, structure, and dielectric properties of the polydiacetylene/polymer matrix. Importantly, the variability of polydiacetylene structures allows vapor identification through an array-based pattern recognition (i.e., artificial nose). This study opens new avenues for applications of polydiacetylene systems, particularly pointing to their dielectric properties as powerful sensing determinants.
Conceptual design of a gas turbine for PFBC applications (1992)

First generation pressurized fluidized bed (PFBC) technology has potential advantages which include: lower capital cost, Unproved environmental performance, shorter lead times, higher efficiency and enhanced fuel flexibility. Coal firing with combustion turbines experiments have been conducted for over forty years. These efforts have evolved to the point where commercial demonstrations are now feasible. The PFBC is one of these technologies. It will be demonstrated as part of the Clean Coal III initiative. PFBC technology is applicable for new installations, replacement of existing equipment as well as repower and retrofit. Included with these options is the opportunity to reduce dependency on fuel oil and well as enhancing environmental performance and increasing efficiency. The turbo-machinery will require design changes to meet the requirements for PFBC application. The major change to the combustion turbine take place in the center section. This section will include provisions to supply compressed air to the PFBC as well as receive vitiated air from the PFBC. These efforts also have the objective of reducing the degree of change from a standard unit. Under a clean coal program a first generation PFBC demonstration win take place at the Des Moines Energy Center. For this demonstration it will be necessary to remove two stages from the 251B12 compressor. This will make the air supplied by the compressor suitable for the PFBC system. The results from this program will be applicable to the DMEC-1 program.
Periodontal health status and bacteraemia from daily oral activities: systematic review/meta‐analysis (2011)

Meta-analysis showed that plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation scores significantly increased the prevalence of bacteraemia following toothbrushing. However, systematic review showed no relationship between oral hygiene, gingival and periodontal status and the development of B-chewing, and there is no evidence that gingival and periodontal health status affects B-flossing.
Abstract 4446: Activation of HER Family signaling as a mechanism of acquired resistance to ALK Inhibitors in EML4-ALK-positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. (2013)

Abstract Purpose: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) such as crizotinib show marked efficacy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer positive for the echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 (EML4)-ALK fusion protein. However, acquired resistance to these agents has already been described in treated patients, and the mechanisms of such resistance remain largely unknown. Experimental Design: We established lines of EML4-ALK-positive H3122 lung cancer cells that are resistant to the ALK inhibitor TAE684 (H3122/TR cells) and investigated their resistance mechanism with the use of immunoblot analysis, ELISA, reverse transcription and real-time PCR analysis, and an annexin V binding assay. We isolated EML4-ALK-positive lung cancer cells (K-3) from a patient who developed resistance to crizotinib and investigated their characteristic. Results: The expression of EML4-ALK was reduced at the transcriptional level, whereas phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), HER2, and HER3 was up-regulated, in H3122/TR cells compared with those in H3122 cells. This activation of HER family proteins was accompanied by increased secretion of EGF. Treatment with an EGFR-TKI induced apoptosis in H3122/TR cells, but not in H3122 cells. The TAE684-induced inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and STAT3 phosphorylation observed in parental cells was prevented by exposure of these cells to exogenous EGF, resulting in a reduced sensitivity of cell growth to TAE684. K-3 cells also manifested HER family activation accompanied by increased EGF secretion. Conclusions: EGF-mediated activation of HER family signaling is associated with ALK-TKI resistance in lung cancer positive for EML4-ALK. Citation Format: Junko Tanizaki, Isamu Okamoto, Takafumi Okabe, Kazuko Sakai, Kaoru Tanaka, Hidetoshi Hayashi, Hiroyasu Kaneda, Ken Takezawa, Kazuto Nishio, Kazuhiko Nakagawa. Activation of HER Family signaling as a mechanism of acquired resistance to ALK Inhibitors in EML4-ALK-positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4446. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4446
Turbulent Vortex Ring/Free Surface Interaction (1995)

The interaction of turbulent vortex rings that approach a clean water surface under various angles is experimentally investigated. The temporal evolution of the vortex rings with an initial Reynolds number of Re0 = 7500 is characterized by the laminar/turbulent transition and asymptotic relaminarization of the flow. Using the shadowgraph technique, two major flow cases were identified as a result of the vortex-ring/free-surface interaction: a trifurcation case that results from the interaction during the transition stage, and a bifurcation case that evolves during the fully-developed turbulent stage. In contrast to the laminar interaction, the turbulent bifurcation pattern is characterized by the reconnection and mutual interaction of many small-scale structures. Simultaneous digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV) and shadowgraph measurements reveal that the evolution of the small-scale structures at the free surface is strongly dominated by the bifurcation pattern, which in turn is a consequence of the persisting laminar sublayer in the core regions of the reconnected turbulent vortex loops.
THERAPY OF SHOCK IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS WITH PLASMA AND SERUM PROTEIN SOLUTIONS (1943)

Freezing of one hindlimb of a dog has been demonstrated by studies carried out after thawing 1 to result in damage to the tissues and capillaries of the frozen site involving the skin, subcutaneous tissues and muscles down to the bones and leading to a lowered plasma volume and fatal shock. It was also observed that a greater portion of the loss in volume of the circulating plasma occurred during the first three hours after the freeze, at which time microscopic evidence of generalized visceral cellular damage and capillary dilatation (atony) was minimal or absent. 2 The interval between the third and the fourth hour was observed to be the borderline period beyond which generalized visceral capillary stasis and parenchymatous damage became pronounced. When no therapy was instituted these animals 1 usually died in shock about eight hours after the freeze. In addition, it was observed 3 that a severe
Original Investigations of Nerve Block Pain Management after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (2004)

The use of nerve blocks for acute pain management in patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is associated with PACU bypass and reliable same-day discharge. Although the cost savings for this one procedure are unlikely to generate sufficient cost savings via staffing reductions, extrapolating these results to a large volume of all types of invasive outpatient orthopedic procedures may have the potential to create significant hospital cost savings.
Interleukin-12 Inhibits Eosinophil Degranulation and Migration but Does Not Promote Eosinophil Apoptosis (2006)

Our results demonstrate that IL-12 directly modulates eosinophil functions without promoting apoptosis and explain, at least in part, the effects of IL-12 on eosinophils observed in in vivo studies.
3D morphometric analysis to yield high sensitivity and specificity enumeration of circulating tumor cells. (2013)

e22031 Background: The enumeration of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) has become a common method to assess cancer treatment efficacy. In this study, we propose to test our ability to detect and enumerate CTCs using a morphometric classifier based on 3D cell features to distinguish normal cells from lysed blood and breast cancer cells. Methods: Commercially available normal whole blood was lysed to destroy red blood cells, leaving white blood cells and some cell debris. These cells and breast cancer cells from the SK-BR-3 cell line were studied. The cells were stained with hematoxylin, then were automatically imaged using VisionGate’s 3D cell imaging system (Cell-CT) that unambiguously renders individual cells with isometric, sub-micron resolution. Image libraries of cells were created. For each cell, 683 morphology features were computed. Features characterize various aspects of the cell such as chromatin distribution in the nucleus, nuclear volume and shape and nuclear to cell volume ratios. The true cell diagnosis for each cell was determined by a cytotechnologist and added to the feature set. Cross-validated classifiers were created using the technique of adaptive boosting that combines a sub-set of the features into a single score that best correlated with the binary cell diagnoses. Results: 3,256 normal cells or other normal objects and 1,843 breast cancer cells were studied. A classifier that distinguished normal cells from cancer cells was created that used the strongest 25 3D morphology features. The morphometric classifier had an area under the ROC curve that measured 0.9998. This classifier could be operated with near perfect specificity and a cancer cell sensitivity of 95%. Conclusions: Performance of automated, 3D morphometric classifiers for cancer cell detection suggests highly accurate CTC enumeration with implications for patient management and prediction of cancer progression.
Development of monitoring and modelling tools as basis for sustainable thermal management concepts of urban groundwater bodies (2015)

Increasing groundwater temperatures observed in many urban areas strongly interfere with the demand of thermal groundwater use. The groundwater temperatures in these urban areas are affected by numerous interacting factors: open and closed-loop geothermal systems for heating and cooling, sealed surfaces, constructions in the subsurface (infrastructure and buildings), artificial groundwater recharge, and interaction with rivers. On the one hand, these increasing groundwater temperatures will negatively affect the potential for its use in the future e.g. for cooling purposes. On the other hand, elevated subsurface temperatures can be considered as an energy source for shallow geothermal heating systems. Integrated thermal management concepts are therefore needed to coordinate the thermal use of groundwater in urban areas. These concepts should be based on knowledge of the driving processes which influence the thermal regime of the aquifer. We are currently investigating the processes influencing the groundwater temperature throughout the urban area of Basel City, Switzerland. This involves a three-dimensional numerical groundwater heat-transport model including geothermal use and interactions with the unsaturated zone such as subsurface constructions reaching into the aquifer. The cantonal groundwater monitoring system is an important part of the data base in our model, which will help to develop sustainable management strategies. However, single temperature measurements in conventional groundwater wells can be biased by vertical thermal convection. Therefore, multilevel observation wells are used in the urban areas of the city to monitor subsurface temperatures reaching from the unsaturated zone to the base of the aquifer. These multilevel wells are distributed in a pilot area in order to monitor the subsurface temperatures in the vicinity of deep buildings and to quantify the influence of the geothermal use of groundwater. Based on time series of the conventional groundwater wells, the multilevel observation wells and the different boundary conditions we characterize the groundwater temperature regimes using a regional groundwater heattransport model. In the urban area of Basel, mean annual groundwater temperatures are significantly increasing with 0.05 K per year in the period of 1994 to 2014, which is most likely due to anthropogenic influences. Overall, mean annual groundwater temperatures of Basel are 3.0 ± 0.7 K higher compared to the mean annual air temperature, which is considered the expectable natural groundwater temperature. Additionally, the findings highlight the importance of appropriate monitoring systems for quantifying
Modified mesoporous materials as Pd scavengers and catalyst supports (2007)

Abstract The use of mesoporous molecular sieves (MMSs) modified by mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane (MPTMS) to scavenge Pd is described. The ordered mesoporous material displays excellent ability to remove Pd from organic and aqueous solutions. After only one treatment, a 500-ppm solution of PdCl 2 in water can be reduced to 1 ppb. In addition, the resulting material is an effective, leach-proof catalyst for the Suzuki-Miyaura and Mizoroki-Heck reactions. Thus, the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction can be conducted in water at 80 °C with as little as 3 ppb Pd leaching. Hot filtrations and three-phase tests confirm that the catalyst acts without leaching Pd from the surface.