gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A high fill-factor uncooled infrared detector with thermo-mechanical bimaterial structure (2007)

By adopting new capacitance reading scheme, a capacitive type uncooled infrared detector structure with high fill-factor and effectively controllable thermal conductance is proposed. Instead of conventional MEMS capacitor structure (i.e. an insulating gap between top and bottom electrodes), a capacitor with a floating electrode and two bottom electrodes has been applied to the infrared detector. Infrared absorber which also acts as the floating electrode of the capacitor is connected to the substrate via two bimaterial legs. These legs consist of two materials having large difference in thermal expansion coefficient (Al: 25ppm/K and SiO<sub>2</sub>: 0.35ppm/K), so that the legs are deflected according to the certain temperature change due to the infrared absorption. This leg's movement results in the displacement of the top electrode of the capacitor, and infrared is sensed by measuring the capacitance change. However, the one end tip of the bimaterial leg does not contain Al and consist of SiO<sub>2</sub>, solely. This leg design enables the absorber to be separated from the substrate thermally as well as electrically, because insulators usually have low thermal conductivity than metals more than an order. The capacitance change by the result of infrared absorption is read only through two bottom electrodes which are placed right under the absorber, and also perform as infrared reflectors. The design has advantages of enlarging fill-factor of the infrared detector, effective thermal conductance controlling and high sensitivity to IR. With only small dimensions of SiO<sub>2</sub> (10μm x 2μm x 0.2μm), the device can have low thermal conductance of 1.3x10<sup>-7</sup>W/K, so that the portion of the legs can be reduced in a pixel area. The device has fill-factor of 0.77 and 14%/K of sensitivity to infrared rays concerning 1~2K of temperature difference between the structure and the substrate.
PHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF IRON DEFICIENCY IN GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogaea L.) AND. BLACKGRAM (Vigna mungo L.) (1990)

Variation was observed between groundnut and blackgrám givers in absorption and utilisation. Cultivars of groundnut bolonging to spanish (bunch) group (J 11 and JL 24) were nigniy susceptiDie to Fo deficiency whereas virginia (spreading) typo cultivars (TMV 3 and K-3) wore loss susceptible. In blackgram, 9 and Sel 37 word highly susceptiblo to Fo stress. Cultivar PV 26 was modoratoly susceptible and cultivars LBG 17 and UG 201 were less susceptible and performed well under: Fe stress conditions. Ortho-phenanthroline Fe gave good indication of plant Fe status and it can be used as an index for screening the genotypes for their ability in Fe absorption and utilisation.
Comunidades reflexivas: observarse para compartir descubrimientos (2008)

Dos grupos de formadores exploran una nueva orientacion para la intervencion en centros. El primero consolida un equipo de trabajo que invita a experimentar en directo y poner sobre la mesa tanto las buenas practicas como los retos pendientes. El segundo grupo descubre en el concepto crisis la idea de oportunidad y presenta una comunidad de practicas que rompe el aislamiento y abre el aula a miradas que arropan y no juzgan.
Effects ofBacillus amyloliquefaciens as a probiotic strain on growth performance, cecal microflora, and fecal noxious gas emissions of broiler chickens (2014)

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens probiotic (BAP) as a direct-fed microbial on growth performance, cecal microflora, serum immunoglobulin levels, and fecal noxious gas emissions of broiler chickens. A total of 400 one-day-old broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly assigned to 1 of 5 treatment diets formulated to supply 0, 1, 5, 10, and 20 g/kg of BAP and were fed for 35 d. Each treatment had 8 replicate pens with 10 birds per replicate. On completion of the growth trial, fecal samples were collected, and ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) emissions were measured. Increasing concentration of BAP had positive linear effect on the ADG of broilers (P < 0.05) throughout the experimental period, with the highest values being observed in broilers offered 20 g/kg of BAP. The ADFI increased linearly (P < 0.02) with the inclusion of BAP during the overall experimental period (d 0 to 35). Providing BAP had a negative linear effect on FCR from d 0 to 21 and d 0 to 35 (P < 0.01). Supplementation with BAP did not affect cecal Lactobacillus and Bacillus content, but exerted negative linear effect on cecal Escherichia coli (P < 0.05) with increasing the level of BAP in broiler diets. Additionally, BAP modified immune response of broilers by linearly increasing serum IgG and IgA (P < 0.01). Dietary BAP resulted in decreased fecal NH3 emissions at 0 (linear, P < 0.001), 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h of incubation (linear, P < 0.05; quadratic, P < 0.01). Supplementation of BAP exerted negative linear and quadratic effects on fecal emissions of H2S (P < 0.001) throughout the incubation period except at 48 h, and the optimum effect was found when BAP was provided at 5 g/kg of diet. Based on these results, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens could be suggested as a potential feed additive of broiler diets.
Specification-Based Verification and Validation of Web Services and Service-Oriented Operating Systems (2006)

Service-oriented architecture (SOA) and Web services (WS) have received significant attention recently. Even though WS are based on open standards and support software interoperability, but the trustworthy issues of WS has actually limited the growth of WS applications as organizations do not trust those WS developed by other vendors and at the same time they do not have access to the source code. This paper addressed this issue by proposing several solutions including specification-based verification and validation, collaborative testing, and group testing. The key concept is that it is possible to provide a comprehensive evaluation of WS even if their source code is not available.
HIV: HIV Proteins and Cellular Control (2008)

There are a multitude of potential targets that researchers throughout the world are studying in the fight against HIV, but this virus seems to have an answer for most of them. Amongst other weapons such as neutralising antibodies, Damian Purcell is studying RNA interference as a means of silencing HIV genes.
Synthese des Piperidyl(2)‐glykolsäureäthylesters (1971)

Abstract Zur Synthese des Piperidyl(2)‐glykolsäureäthylesters ( 14 ) wurde Pyridin(2)‐aldehydcyanhydrin in die kristalline Additionsverbindung 9 aus Pyridyl(2)‐glykolsäurehydrochlorid, Formimidchlorid und 2 Mol Wasser übergeführt. Daraus ließ sich mit Kupferacetat der beständige innere Kupferkomplex der Pyridyl(2)‐glykolsäure ( 10 ) darstellen. Aus dem Kupferkomplexsalz war die Pyridyl(2)‐glykolsäure ( 5 ) leicht zu erhalten. Aus 5 ließ sich mit HCl‐gesättigtem absol. Äthanol das Pyridyl(2)‐glykolsäureäthylesterhydrochlorid ( 12 ) gewinnen, das mit Adams‐Katalysator zum Piperidyl(2)‐glykolsäureäthylesterhydrochlorid ( 13 ) hydriert und anschließend mit Silberoxid in absol. Äther in 14 übergeführt wurde.
Verapamil favorably influences hepatic microvascular exchange and function in rats with cirrhosis of the liver. (1986)

The effect of the calcium channel blocking agent, verapamil, on microcirculatory patterns and hepatic function was investigated in the perfused liver of cirrhotic rats. Compared with controls, cirrhotic livers had higher vascular resistance, increased intrahepatic shunting, and smaller extravascular albumin space and larger extravascular sucrose space, as determined by a multiple-indicator dilution technique. Hepatic function, estimated by determining propranolol and antipyrine extraction, was markedly reduced in cirrhotic livers. Portal pressure was then reduced 25% either pharmacologically by verapamil or hydrodynamically by lowering inflow. Verapamil decreased vascular resistance by 22%. This was associated with a 38% reduction in intrahepatic shunting and a 62% increase in extravascular albumin space. Hydrodynamically lowering pressure had no or adverse effects. The verapamil-induced improvement in microcirculatory characteristics was associated with a significant improvement in oxygen consumption (+21%) and antipyrine clearance (+20%). We conclude that the microvascular distortions of liver cirrhosis in the rat are partially reversible by vasodilators like verapamil.
On the Characteristics of a Simple Architecture for Finite Impulse Response Digital Filtering (1978)

This correspondence discusses some useful features of a simple architecture for the hardware realization of finite impulse response (FIR) digital filters. The architecture is especially suited to applications where significant bandwidth reduction and subsampling (decimation) are required. The architecture is shown to be capable of both real signal filtering and combined complex frequency translation and low-pass filtering, although it contains no frequency synthesizer.
Cyanamid, manufacture, chemistry and uses (1913)

The metadata below describe the original scanning. Follow the "All Files: HTTP" link in the "View the book" box to the left to find XML files that contain more metadata about the original images and the derived formats (OCR results, PDF etc.). See also the What is the directory structure for the texts? FAQ for information about file content and naming conventions.
A feature-based subband coding scheme (2002)

A feature-based subband coding scheme is presented. It is intended for the coding of the texture component of a two-component image model. The primary component contains the strong edges, individually described by their amplitudes and positions. A morphological interpolation technique, presented by Casas, Salembier and Torres (see IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, vol.I, p.526-9, 1995), reconstructs the smooth areas of the image from the coded transitions. The residual texture component is coded by subband decomposition. Information about the edge structure, available from the primary component, is used for texture coding by employing adaptive quantizers and bit allocations over arbitrarily shaped regions. This feature-based subband coding technique produces subjective improvements over conventional subband schemes. The enhanced rendition of the strong edges is especially noticeable at very-low bit-rates. The coding of the primary component, based on morphological tools, is also more efficient and of lower complexity than in previously reported schemes for two-component image coding models.
Spatial Reactor Control Methods (1977)

A review of spatial reactor control methods that have employed optimization techniques is presented. Automatic spatial control systems are briefly outlined, the formulation of the spatial control problem as an optimal control problem is discussed, and solution methods based on distributed parameter optimal control, variational calculus, dynamic programming, mathematical programming, the maximum principle, linear-quadratic control theory, and heuristic control techniques are reviewed.
How T cells recognize alloantigen: evidence for two pathways of allorecognition. (1995)

During allograft rejection, both allorecognition pathways seem to be effective. The direct pathway, where T-cell receptors directly recognize intact allo-MHC with or without bound peptides on the surface of target cells, accounts for most of the cytotoxic T cell function. The indirect pathway in contrast, where T-cell receptors recognize MHC allopeptides after processing and presentation by self APCs, may lead to the activation of T helper cells which secrete cytokines and provide the necessary signals for the growth and maturation of effector cytotoxic T lymphocytes and B cells leading to allograft rejection. The role of the indirect pathway is supported by the findings that mouse skin transplants from a class II deficient donor can be rejected involving CD4+ self-restricted T-cell recognition of donor antigen. In addition, rats primed by class I MHC peptides do reject skin grafts as well as renal allografts in an accelerated fashion. Studies showing that synthetic class II peptides can also be used to tolerize animals for a subsequent renal transplant further underline the importance of this self restricted recognition of allo-MHC. More studies are needed to better define the contribution of this self-restricted T cell recognition of processed allo-MHC to the rejection process in particular in regard to its suggested role in chronic allograft failure as well as to its susceptibility to therapeutic regimens in organ transplant recipients.
Impurity Diffusion in Aluminum (1970)

The diffusion of $^{71}\mathrm{Ge}$, $^{72}\mathrm{Ga}$, $^{65}\mathrm{Zn}$, $^{64}\mathrm{Cu}$, $^{110}\mathrm{Ag}$, and $^{198}\mathrm{Au}$ in aluminum single crystals has been measured by the tracer-sectioning technique. The diffusion coefficients, in ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$/sec, are given by: ${D}_{\mathrm{Ge}}=0.481\mathrm{exp}[\ensuremath{-}\frac{(28,980\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}210)}{\mathrm{RT}}]$, ${D}_{\mathrm{Ga}}=0.490\mathrm{exp}[\ensuremath{-}\frac{(29,240\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}141)}{\mathrm{RT}}]$, ${D}_{\mathrm{Zn}}=0.259\mathrm{exp}[\ensuremath{-}\frac{(28,860\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}134)}{\mathrm{RT}}]$, ${D}_{\mathrm{Cu}}=0.647\mathrm{exp}[\ensuremath{-}\frac{(32,270\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}270)}{\mathrm{RT}}]$, ${D}_{\mathrm{Ag}}=0.118\mathrm{exp}[\ensuremath{-}\frac{(27,830\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}142)}{\mathrm{RT}}]$, and ${D}_{\mathrm{Au}}=0.131\mathrm{exp}[\ensuremath{-}\frac{(27,790\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}240)}{\mathrm{RT}}]$. Less extensive measurements of the diffusion of $^{60}\mathrm{Co}$ and $^{51}\mathrm{Cr}$ in aluminum are also reported. The activation energies obtained in this study cannot be reconciled with the large impurity-vacancy binding energies deduced from quenching studies; the difference is explained in terms of clustering effects in the quenching experiments. The difference between the present data and the low values of ${D}_{0}$ and $Q$ for impurity diffusion in aluminum reported by Agarwala and co-workers can be explained by the effect of a surface oxide.
Automatic generation of mobile widgets (2011)

Purpose Mobile widgets represent applications exploiting web technologies and providing specific functionalities in an efficient and user‐friendly way. Owing to the low or medium complexity of the mobile widgets, their development may be simplified and optimized through automatic mechanisms. This paper aims to address this issue. Design/methodology/approach This paper presents an approach to the automatic generation of widgets, which is based on the separation of concerns between the specification of their structural and functional characteristics, and their appearance. The structural and functional features are expressed at a high abstraction level through the authors' Widget Markup Language, while their appearance through pre‐defined or personalized templates. The authors' automatic generator of mobile widgets translates the XML‐based documents containing the widgets description based on the Widget Markup Language into functional widgets for various available technologies. Findings The main non‐functional properties of the authors' widget generator are related to its extensibility towards new technologies, and the structural and functional aspects of the widgets. The validation of their solution has been done through various case studies, among which they mention the DISCo widget, a mobile widget which provides academic information for the students of the Computer Science Department at the University of Milano‐Bicocca in Italy. Originality/value The main advantages of the authors' approach for the development of mobile widgets can be summarized as following: adherence to the Write‐Once‐Run Everywhere paradigm, which allows developers to save time and to not have to be aware of all the differences among the different technologies; the high‐level specification of a widget is simpler than its creation from scratch, and is, therefore, accessible to a greater number of potential developers; separation between the specification and the graphical layout of the widgets; generating widgets can consider, in addition to the platform, the characteristics of devices such as screen resolution or pointing mechanism, saving the developer the management of these aspects and industrial production of widgets, such as scalable management of creating and updating a large number of applications.
Location of faults in partially parallel transmission networks (2002)

This paper deals with the algorithm intended for locating faults in partially parallel transmission networks. The delivered algorithm is categorized as the one-end technique. The algorithm consists of the two subroutines designated for locating faults in the part where the parallel lines are mutually coupled and at the segment of the network, which is not coupled with any other circuit. Detailed derivation of the algorithm and considerations concerning the selection of the valid result are included. The algorithm has been tested with the fault data obtained from versatile ATP-EMTP simulations. Sample examples of fault location are presented and discussed. Results of evaluation of fault location accuracy with using ATP-EMTP simulations of faults are reported.
Surfin' network resources across the Web (2002)

Network management standards provide a basis for hiding differences between resources, along with a method of managing them in a consistent way. Frequently, network management tools are based on proprietary products and are often complex both to use and to install. The increasing popularity of the World Wide Web, with its established user interface and the ability to run on almost any platform. offers a new way to provide wide access to complex software applications. This paper describes the architecture and implementation of two new network management applications that are accessible through the Web and are targeted to run on powerful hosts as well as small mobile computers. The GDMO/ASN.1 (Guidelines for the Definition of Managed Objects using the Abstract Syntax Notation 1) Search Engine enables users to perform complex queries and to navigate OSI management documents exploiting the Web's hypertext facilities. Liaison is a Web-based browser for CMIP (Common Management Information Protocol) and SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) agents that is equipped with powerful tools, such as a directory and a metadata facility.
The inverse of the confluent Vandermonde matrix (1972)

Formulas are derived for the components of the inverse of the general confluent Vandermonde matrix for confluences of arbitrary order.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal—Ligand Interactions: Gas‐Phase Transition Metal Cluster Carbonyls (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Native Point Defects and Doping in ZnO (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Theoretical Framework Native Point Defects Donor Impurities Acceptor Impurities Isoelectronic Impurities Acknowledgements References
Interacting Cell Populations Affecting Granulopoietic Colony Formation by Normal and Leukemic Human Marrow Cells (1973)

Abstract Marrow from 28 nonleukemic individuals was separated by adherence to glass or plastic into nonadherent (NA) and adherent populations. The NA populations were found to be more dependent for colony formation in culture on added colonystimulating activity (CSA) than unseparated marrow suspensions, and therefore proved useful for CSA assays. Quantitative reconstitution procedures were used to assay CSA-producing cells. Either increasing numbers of irradiated unseparated marrow, or adherent cells derived from varying numbers of marrow cells, were used to restore colony-forming efficiency to NA populations. Assay procedures for CSA-producing cells were applied to four patients with acute leukemia prior to treatment. In all four instances, a defect in CSA-producing cells was demonstrated.
Pope Benedict XVI’s visit to Turkey as a global media event: A “frame shift” in media coverages (2010)

Th is study investigates Pope Benedict's visit to Turkey as a global media event. Th e pres- entation includes the interaction between the global and the local in mass communication studies. Th e argument is that this visit makes visible some contradictions such as: East/West, EU/Turkey, Chris- tian/Muslim, Catholic/Orthodox. Before this trip, it was presupposed that these contradictions and stereotypes reinforced by the media were to set the agenda; however, it did not happen to be the case. Instead, the existing frames had been replaced by the new ones, which was called a frame shift in news reporting. Th e discourse method is used to prove this hypothesis. Data were collected during the trip and the visual materials helped in building our theoretical perspective. Th e aim is to observe the han- dling of this media event by Western press. Within this perspective, our sample had been formed by pioneering newspapers: Le Monde, Le Figaro, La Liberation, Th e Guardian, Th e New York Times, Fi- nancial Times, Der Spiegel, BBC on-line and Time (magazine).
Plant-Based Phenolic Molecules as Natural Preservatives in Comminuted Meats: A Review (2021)

Comminuted meat products are highly susceptible to safety and quality degradation partly because of their large interfacial area in the emulsion. The food industry extensively uses synthetic chemical preservatives to delay that degradation which is caused by microbial growth, enzyme activities and oxidation reactions. However, due to the potential health damage (e.g., cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, cancers among others) synthetic preservatives in meat may cause, consumers are becoming skeptical to buy meat products containing such additives. In the meat industry, the interest of finding natural food preservatives is intensifying. Polyphenolic-rich plants used as natural food preservatives offer the best alternative for a partial or a complete replacement of their synthetic counterparts. They can be extracted from natural sources such as olives, fruits, grapes, vegetables, spices, herbs, and algae, and among others. The common feature of these phenolic compounds is that they have one or more aromatic rings with one or more -OH group which are essential for their antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. This review article is intended to provide an overview of the plant-based phenolic molecules used as natural food preservative, their antimicrobial and antioxidant mechanism of action, and their potential application in comminuted meat.
Studies in Linear Furocoumarins. Part II New Syntheses of Psoralen and 3-Methylpsoralen (1971)

A new synthesis of psoralen and 3-methylpsoralen has been achieved. The latter has also been synthesised by building a furan ring on 6-acetylumbelhferone.
8. Friedrich von Holstein. Ein Mitarbeiter Bismarcks. By Günter Richter. (Historische Studien no. 397.) Lübeck and Hamburg: Matthiesen Verlag, 1966. Pp. 188. 20,00 DM. (1968)

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