gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Influence of Genetic Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in CYP3A4, CYP3A5, GSTP1, GSTM1, GSTT1 and MDR1 Genes on Survival and Treatment Related Toxicity in Patients with Multiple Myeloma Treated in the HOVON 24 Trial. (2005)

Abstract Cytochromes P450 (CYP 450) and gluthatione-S-transferases (GSTs) are drug metabolizing enzymes involved in the detoxification of numerous chemotherapeutic agents.The Multidrug Resistance gene 1 (MDR1, ABCB1) is a transmembrane drug transporter present in tumor cells and mucosal epithelium. Genetic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP’s) in these genes are frequent and may alter the metabolism of certain anti-cancer drugs. The CYP3A4*1B (A-290G) polymorphism has not yet been proven to alter enzymatic activity. Polymorphisms in the CYP3A5*3 gene (A6986G) and the GSTP1 gene (Ile105Val) lead to decreased enzymatic activity. Homozygous deletions in the GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes lead to complete absence of the enzyme. Genetic polymorphism of MDR1 (C3435T) are frequent and associated with enhanced efflux function. We hypothesized that SNP haplotypes of these drug metabolizing enzymes may determine the interindividual differences of patients to treatment response and toxicity. We have investigated the presence of SNP’s of 211/345 previously untreated patients with multiple myeloma from whom diagnostic material was available and who were treated according to the HOVON-24 protocol, a clinical trial comparing myeloablative therapy with stem cell rescue added to intensified chemotherapy to intensified chemotherapy alone. Peripheral blood or bone marrow samples were analyzed by PCR or multiplex PCR. Patients with different haplotypes of CYP3A4, GSTP1, GSTM1, GSTT1 genes did not have significant differences of overall survival (OS), time to progression (TTP), progression free survival (PFS), event free survival (EFS), partial remission (PR), complete remission (CR) as determined by multivariate analysis with all clinical variables. Patients with mutant GSTP1(Ile/Val) had significantly more toxicity following high-dose melphalan (p=0.003). Patients with MDR1 C3435T mutation or absence of GSTP1 Ile105Val mutations had a lower probability to achieve at least a partial response(p=0.01). Patients genotyped homozygously for the mutant allele CYP3A5 gene had increased toxicity (p=0.040), improved OS (p=0.01) and PFS (p=0.04) and a decrease in TTP (p=0.03). This study is part of an ongoing analysis and the results will be validated in the next HOVON trial. We conclude that in patients with multiple myeloma who are treated with intensive chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation, analysis of genetic polymorphisms of metabolic enzymes may improve our understanding of treatment associated toxicity and treatment outcome.
A Graph-Theoretical Approach to the Selection of the Minimum Tiling Path from a Physical Map (2013)

The problem of computing the minimum tiling path (MTP) from a set of clones arranged in a physical map is a cornerstone of hierarchical (clone-by-clone) genome sequencing projects. We formulate this problem in a graph theoretical framework, and then solve by a combination of minimum hitting set and minimum spanning tree algorithms. The tool implementing this strategy, called FMTP, shows improved performance compared to the widely used software FPC. When we execute FMTP and FPC on the same physical map, the MTP produced by FMTP covers a higher portion of the genome, and uses a smaller number of clones. For instance, on the rice genome the MTP produced by our tool would reduce by about 11 percent the cost of a clone-by-clone sequencing project. Source code, benchmark data sets, and documentation of FMTP are freely available at >http://code.google.com/p/fingerprint-based-minimal-tiling-path/ under MIT license.
Equivalence of the Huygens–Fresnel and Debye approach for the calculation of high aperture point‐spread functions in the presence of refractive index mismatch (1999)

Summary As discussed in recent work (Sheppard, C. J. R. & Török, P., J. Microsc ., 185 , 366–384; Török et al. , J. Microsc ., 188 , 158–172), two approaches have been used extensively for vectorial computations of high aperture confocal point‐spread functions when focusing through a dielectric interface. Whereas the equation by Hell, Reiner, Cremer & Stelzer ( J. Microsc ., 169 , 391–405) is based on the Huygens–Fresnel principle, the more recent approach by Török, Varga & Booker ( J. Opt. Soc. Am. A , 12 , 325–332; J. Opt. Soc. Am. A , 12 , 2136–2144) is based on the Debye approximation. While the earlier theory considers a large but finite focal length the second theory is derived for an infinitely high Fresnel number. In a high aperture microscope, a high Fresnel number is equivalent to assuming that the focal length be infinitely large with respect to the wavelength. So far, the two theories are regarded as different, with the one by Török et al. being rigorous. In this paper, we demonstrate that, if the same conditions are applied, the equation by Török et al. can be analytically derived from that by Hell et al. Producing the same results, the benefit brought about by the equation by Török et al. is improved flexibility and computational speed for cases with azimuthal symmetry.
Total Synthesis and Olfactory Evaluation of 5β,10‐Dimethyl‐<i>des</i>‐A‐18‐<i>nor</i>‐androstan‐13β‐ol: A Potential Human Pheromone? (2004)

Abstract 5β,10‐Dimethyl‐ des ‐A‐18‐ nor ‐androstan‐13β‐ol (Limdrostanol, 11 ) was suspected to be the underlying parent steroid responsible for the interesting urinous ‐ animalic, woody olfactory properties of the commercial odorant Timberol ® ( 6 − 9 ), and the captives Norlimbanol ® ( 7 ) and Limbanol ® ( 10 ), and so could constitute a potential human pheromone. We report the first synthesis of 11 , starting with treatment of the bis‐Grignard reagent of 1,4‐dibromobutane ( 15 ) with γ‐butyrolactone ( 16 ), Appel−Lee bromination of the resulting diol 17 with elimination of the tertiary hydroxy group, and transformation of the obtained bromo alkene 18 into the corresponding triphenylphosphonium salt 13 . This was subjected to a Schlosser−Wittig reaction with the γ,δ‐unsaturated aldehyde 14 , prepared in turn by Grignard treatment of ethyl methacrylate ( 19 ) and subsequent Saucy−Marbet reaction of the resulting dimethyl carbinol 20 with ethyl vinyl ether ( 21 ). Cascade cyclization of the Schlosser−Wittig product 23 with methanesulfonic acid in dichloromethane at 0 °C afforded the tricyclic alkene 24 , which was transformed into the target structure 11 by epoxidation with 3‐chloroperbenzoic acid and subsequent reduction with lithium triethylborohydride. In addition to 11 , the corresponding 14α‐isomer 26 was obtained, and the olfactory properties of both are discussed. The high odor thresholds of 11 and 26 , as well as the distinct differences in odor with 6 − 10 , make it very unlikely that these des ‐A‐18‐ nor ‐androstanols are the underlying odorous principle of 6 − 10 , or that they function as human pheromones. An alternative synthesis of 11 by cyclization of 23 at 0 °C with 0.8 equivalents of methanesulfonic acid in formic acid as terminating nucleophile is also discussed, but gave only unsatisfactory yields. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Surrace and Volume Phenomena in Dielectric Breakdown of Polyethylene (1963)

This is a progress report on the authors' studies of the mechanism of longterm dielectric breakdown in polyethylene; the report wus first given in 1948. Testing has been accelerated by using higher than power frequencies. Earlier testing concerned the effects of surface ionization on life; current studies include solid breakdown. To date the authors have been unable to produce solid breakdown in polyethylene which was not preceded and caused by surface ionization.
Electrochemical genosensors based on PCR strategies for microorganisms detection and quantification (2011)

The use of DNA electrochemical sensors combined with PCR-amplification strategies for the detection of microorganisms is reviewed. Most studies involve testing sensors for short oligonucleotide targets without DNA preparation from real samples. Approaches involving amperometric, voltammetric or impedimetric detection of hybridization processes between surface-attached DNA probes and targets are addressed. Direct detection of the hybridization process and the use of electrochemical redox mediators, enzyme amplification or nanoparticle-labeling are considered.
Appetite Responds to Changes in Meal Content, Whereas Ghrelin, Leptin, and Insulin Track Changes in Energy Availability (2009)

During rest, appetite is influenced by the size and energy content of meals, but it bears no homeostatic relationship to between-meal changes in energy availability due to small meals, exercise, or TPN, or concentrations of ghrelin, leptin, and insulin.
Oxygen-Processed Field Emission Source (1972)

An oxygen-enhanced thermal-field shaping method has been developed for obtaining high angular confinement of the electron emission from a 〈100〉−oriented tungsten tip. A source is obtained from which the beam is confined to a half-angle of ∼ 0.15 rad. This strongly-for-ward-direction beam gives a source that can be used to obtain beams with currents as high as 5×10−8 A within an acceptance angle of 5×10−3 rad with a total emission curve of only 10 μ A. The processed tip is operated at 900°C to give a source with long-term stability and reliability in a moderate ultrahigh vacuum of ∼ 10−9 Torr. Energy spread and flicker noise are slightly greater than for a ``clean'' tip operating at room temperature, but remain favorable for many applications. An interpretation of the shaping of the tip based on field-induced thermal migration is given.
A view of dataflow (1979)

In 1946 John von Neumann outlined an organization for computers 1 that has dominated the languages and architecture of machines to this day—the familiar sequential, one-word-at-a-time instruction stream which modifies the contents of a memory. Although the von Neumann model has proved to be a viable and powerful approach to computation, we have chosen to explore other models of computation to determine if they offer advantages in ease of programming, exploitation of concurrency and performance. A primary motivation is new technology such as large scale integration (LSI) which has greatly expanded the range of choice in computer design.
Structural characterization of very thin GaInAs/InP quantum wells grown by atmospheric pressure organometallic vapor-phase epitaxy (1990)

GaInAs/InP quantum wells have been grown on (001) InP substrates by atmospheric pressure organometallic vapor-phase epitaxy with well widths ranging from a few monolayers to 100 Å. The interface quality and the epilayer thickness were examined using x-ray diffraction spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The layers were found to be very uniform with both interfaces apparently free of defects. In addition, for a nominal 8 Å quantum well, a (110) high-resolution cross-sectional lattice image clearly shows the well thickness to be 2–3 monolayers, confirming that the growth rate obtained from thick layers is accurate for very short growth times. These results demonstrate that atmospheric pressure organometallic vapor-phase epitaxy can produce extremely thin GaInAs/InP quantum wells of a few monolayers.
Treatment with soybean‐derived Bowman Birk inhibitor increases serum prostate‐specific antigen concentration while suppressing growth of human prostate cancer xenografts in nude mice (1999)

BACKGROUND Bowman Birk inhibitor (BBI) is an anticarcinogenic serine protease inhibitor that may inhibit the protease activity of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and the growth of human prostate cancer xenografts in nude mice. METHODS Human prostate cancer xenografts were established by implanting LNCaP cells into the prostate glands of NCRNU-M athymic nude mice. The animals with established tumors were maintained on a control diet or diets supplemented with 1% BBI or 1%, 2%, or 3% BBI concentrate (BBIC) for 6 weeks. The serum PSA concentrations were determined before and after the BBI or BBIC treatment period. The final tumor loads were determined at autopsy. RESULTS Treatment with BBI or BBIC decreased the final tumor load and increased the tumor doubling time and PSA density in the nude mice bearing human prostate cancer xenografts. CONCLUSIONS BBI and/or BBIC could be useful for prostate cancer treatment. Prostate 41:243–252, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
The DSblock model interface for exchanging model components (1995)

The DSblock model interface definition is a low-level description for complex dynamic systems, allowing the exchange of models or model components between different modeling and simulation environments. The rational and the main proporties of a DSblock are discussed. 1. INTRODUCTION There is a large number of software products on the market specialized for the modeling and simulation of continuous and discrete systems of different application areas, like electronic or logical circuits, mechanical or hydraulic systems, chemical processes, control systems, etc. In most cases it is not possible to exchange models between different packages, although this is highly desirable. This is especially important if some parts of a model need the modeling power of a domain specific package, such as a multibody program or an electronic circuit modeler, and all components are assembled together with a block diagram editor. To overcome this undesirable situation, standardization of model formats are...
Estimation of Engine Torque from a First Law Based Regression Model (2008)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A first law based regression model for estimating mean value engine torque on-board a diesel engine is presented. The model uses first law terms across the engine control volume in a regression built from least squares to predict engine torque. Torque information is often required by the engine ECM for torque based control and torque broadcast purposes. In the absence of real-time torque measurement torque estimation is usually achieved through look-up tables or empirical models. Given the increase in engine operating parameters as well as engine operating regimes as a result of emission control and exhaust aftertreatment technologies, accurate torque estimation has become more challenging as well as necessary. The present work suggests that the ‘gray-box’ modeling approach described might generalize better and be more robust than other commonly used empirical approaches such as regression or neural networks using raw engine operating parameters as inputs instead of energy balance terms across the engine control volume.</div>
Learning object color models from multi-view constraints (2011)

Color is known to be highly discriminative for many object recognition tasks, but is difficult to infer from uncontrolled images in which the illuminant is not known. Traditional methods for color constancy can improve surface reflectance estimates from such uncalibrated images, but their output depends significantly on the background scene. In many recognition and retrieval applications, we have access to image sets that contain multiple views of the same object in different environments; we show in this paper that correspondences between these images provide important constraints that can improve color constancy. We introduce the multi-view color constancy problem, and present a method to recover estimates of underlying surface reflectance based on joint estimation of these surface properties and the illuminants present in multiple images. The method can exploit image correspondences obtained by various alignment techniques, and we show examples based on matching local region features. Our results show that multi-view constraints can significantly improve estimates of both scene illuminants and object color (surface reflectance) when compared to a baseline single-view method.
Field-Deployable Sniffer for 2,4-Dinitrotoluene Detection (2001)

A field-deployable instrument has been developed to detect low-level 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT) vapors. The system is based on previously developed artificial nose technology and employs an array of sensory materials attached to the distal tips of an optical fiber bundle. Both semiselective and nonspecific, cross-reactive sensors were employed. Each sensor within the array responds differentially to vapor exposure so the array's fluorescence response patterns are unique for each analyte. The instrument is computationally "trained" to discriminate target response patterns from nontarget and background environments. This detection system has been applied to detect 2,4-DNT, an analyte commonly detected on the soil surface above buried 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) land mines, in spiked soil and aqueous and ground samples. The system has been characterized and demonstrated the ability to detect 120 ppb 2,4-DNT vapor in blind (unknown) humidified samples during a supervised field test.
TYPE 2 ANGIOTENSIN II RECEPTOR mRNA EXPRESSION IN HUMAN RENAL ALLOGRAFTS IS ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC REJECTION. (2000)

Becker, Bryan N.1; Jacobson, Lynn M.2; Hullett, Debra A.2; Becker, Yolanda T.2; Oberley, Terry D.3; Kirk, Allan D.4 Author Information
ChemInform Abstract: WASSERSTOFF‐DEUTERIUM‐AUSTAUSCH BEI CYCLOALKENEN MITTLERER RINGGROESSE BEI DER DEUTERIERUNG MIT TRIS‐(TRIPHENYLPHOSPHIN)‐CHLORORHODIUM(I) (1971)

Abstract Die Deuterierung von Cycloocten (I) in Gegenwart des Katalysators (IV) führt zu einer statistischen H‐D‐Verteilung (D 0 ‐D 9 ) in den gebildeten Cyclooctanmolekülen; analoges gilt, wenn auch in geringerem Maße, von den Cycloalkenen (II) und (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Approach to Enantiomerically Pure α‐Amino Ketones by Friedel—Crafts Aminoacylation and Their Conversion into Peptidyl Ketones. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
An Efficient Approach toward Taxane Analogs: Atrop- and Diastereoselective Eight-Membered B Ring Cyclizations for Synthesis of Aromatic C-Ring Taxinine Derivatives (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn Efficient Approach toward Taxane Analogs: Atrop- and Diastereoselective Eight-Membered B Ring Cyclizations for Synthesis of Aromatic C-Ring Taxinine DerivativesMasaki Seto, Koichiro Morihira, Yoshiaki Horiguchi, and Isao KuwajimaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 11, 3165–3174Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00090a039https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00090a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views718Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Effectiveness of antibiotic combination therapy in patients with active ulcerative colitis: A randomized, controlled pilot trial with long-term follow-up (2005)

The 2-week antibiotic combination therapy against F. varium was effective and safe in patients with chronic, active ulcerative colitis in this long-term follow-up study.
Transparent, conductive gold nanowire networks assembled from soluble Au thiocyanate (2013)

Extremely long gold nanowires spontaneously assemble in a water-dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) solution of Au(SCN)4(-). The Au nanowires were crystalline, exhibited a very high aspect ratio, and, importantly, were produced without co-addition of reducing agents. Transparent conductive films were formed by surface deposition of the nanowires and plasma treatment.
Utilizing periodic excitation in prediction error based system identification (2002)

The standard prediction error method (PEM) in system identification for estimating output error models is studied. The PEM has recently been proposed to be formulated in the frequency domain, and in this context it has been pointed out that a periodic excitation signal give many advantages. The most immediate is data reduction when using data averaged over the periods, We will here project the main results onto the time domain, and show how to utilize a nonparametric noise model as a pre-filter to increase accuracy and numerical convergence speed in output error modeling. A possible drawback with using only the averaged data is decreased estimation accuracy when the system and noise model have common parameters. A new result is presented that shows how the nonparametric noise model can be used to recover the original accuracy for ARX models.
Synthesis of high molecular weight five-arm star polymers by improved electrochemically mediated atom transfer radical polymerization (2017)

Star-like polymers were designed with α-D-glucose (GL) as the core and oligo(ethylene glycol) acrylate (OEGA) for the arms via an improved type of simplified electrochemically mediated atom transfer radical polymerization (seATRP) under preparative electrolysis conditions, utilizing only 40ppm of the catalyst system. The novelty of this work is to present the possibility of reducing the size of the platinum cathode in the reaction setup without significantly affecting the polymerization rate under constant potential/current conditions. This is an easier and cheaper solution than replacing it with other, expensive, non-platinum electrodes such as Au or Fe. The results obtained from nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) analyses clearly confirm the controlled nature of the electrochemically mediated polymerization of OEGA.
Acquired cold urticaria symptoms can be safely prevented by ebastine (2007)

Ebastine is safe and effective in preventing the symptoms of ACU.