gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Generalized Forward-Backward Splitting (2013)

This paper introduces a generalized forward-backward splitting algorithm for finding a zero of a sum of maximal monotone operators $B + \sum_{i=1}^n A_i$, where $B$ is cocoercive. It involves the computation of $B$ in an explicit (forward) step and the parallel computation of the resolvents of the $A_i$'s in a subsequent implicit (backward) step. We prove the algorithm's convergence in infinite dimension and its robustness to summable errors on the computed operators in the explicit and implicit steps. In particular, this allows efficient minimization of the sum of convex functions $f + \sum_{i=1}^n g_i$, where $f$ has a Lipschitz-continuous gradient and each $g_i$ is simple in the sense that its proximity operator is easy to compute. The resulting method makes use of the regularity of $f$ in the forward step, and the proximity operators of the $g_i$'s are applied in parallel in the backward step. While the forward-backward algorithm cannot deal with more than $n = 1$ nonsmooth function, we generalize it to the case of arbitrary $n$. Examples on inverse problems in imaging demonstrate the advantage of the proposed methods in comparison to other splitting algorithms.
Deployment Strategies and Energy Efficiency of Cellular Networks (2012)

The energy efficiency of cellular networks is explored for different network deployment strategies and traffic conditions. The total network power consumption and the ratios Watts/kbps, Watts/user are used as metrics to quantify the performance and it is shown that efficiency depends on the deployment strategy and the state of operation of the network (underutilized-overutilized). As a general conclusion it is shown that a microcell based network, comprising a large number of low power stations, is the most efficient strategy but it does not present traffic proportional characteristics. For the purpose of the investigation, the paper presents a pre-processing of the database 3D ray tracing algorithm that is enhanced with an image test procedure and multiple slope diffraction mechanisms to achieve fast and accurate predictions. The algorithm is used for channel estimations over a real urban environment described in a vector format. In addition, a power control algorithm is developed that explicitly considers power levels of neighbor base stations and is used for the network power consumption estimation. Finally, network planning is achieved through an evolutionary optimization technique that combines the above mentioned algorithms.
“CESIUM ION EFFECT” AND MACROCYCLIZATION. A CRITICAL REVIEW (1992)

(1992). “CESIUM ION EFFECT” AND MACROCYCLIZATION. A CRITICAL REVIEW. Organic Preparations and Procedures International: Vol. 24, No. 3, pp. 285-307.
Variations in oil content and fatty acid composition with sunflower head size and shape (1980)

Abstract Medium (8″ dia.) and small (4″) sized sunflower (EC 68415) heads of convex shape yielded seeds with more oil (>44%), unsaturation (I.V.M20) and linoleic acid (>48%) compared to big (12″) sized Both convex and flat shaped flower heads of medium size yielded seeds with more oil (>45%), unsaturation (I.V.>120) and linoleic acid (>48%) than did the concave shaped flower heads of medium size (39.9%, I.V. 112.6, 39.3%, respectively). The oil content, degree of unsaturation and linoleic acid content were thus found to vary with the size and shape of the sunflower head.
Gas-Phase Proton-Transfer Chemistry Coupled with TOF Mass Spectrometry and Ion Mobility-MS for the Facile Analysis of Poly(ethylene glycols) and PEGylated Polypeptide Conjugates (2008)

Gas-phase ion/molecule chemistry has been combined with ion mobility separation and time-of-flight mass spectrometry to enable the characterization of large poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs) and PEGylated molecules (>40 kDa). A facile method is presented in which gas-phase superbases are reacted in the high-pressure source region of commercial TOF mass spectrometers to manipulate the charge states of large ions generated by electrospray ionization (ESI). Charge stripping decreases the spectral congestion typically observed in ESI mass spectra of high molecular weight polydisperse PEGylated molecules. From these data, accurate average molecular weights and molecular weight distributions for synthetic polymers and PEGylated proteins are determined. The average MW measured for PEGylated Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rh-GCSF, 40 726.2 Da) is in good agreement with the theoretical value, and a 16 Da mass shift is easily observed in the spectrum of an oxidized form of the heterogeneous PEGylated protein. Ion mobility separations can fractionate PEGs of different chain length; when coupled with charge stripping ion/molecule reactions, ion mobility mass spectrometry (IMMS) offers several analytical advantages over mass spectrometry alone for the characterization of large PEGylated molecules including enhanced dynamic range, increased sensitivity, and specificity. Low abundance free PEG in a PEGylated peptide preparation, which is not directly detectable by mass spectrometry, can be easily observed and accurately quantified with gas-phase ion/molecule chemistry combined with ion mobility mass spectrometry.
Superconducting Rectifier and Amplifier (1958)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation J. L. Olsen; Superconducting Rectifier and Amplifier. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 1 June 1958; 29 (6): 537–538. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1716256 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioReview of Scientific Instruments Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Novel fabrication method of macroporous biodegradable polymer scaffolds using gas foaming salt as a porogen additive (2000)

Metal-doped, activated carbon (AC) supported titanate nanotubes (Me/[email protected]) have been shown promising for photocatalytic degradation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). However, the preparation recipe of the adsorptive photocatalysts has not yet been optimized in terms of type and content of precursor ACs and the metal dopants as well as synthesizing conditions. In this work, the photocatalytic performance of Me/[email protected] was evaluated based on the effectiveness in defluorination of pre-sorbed perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) after 4-h UV irradiation. Based on the experimental results, the highest photocatalytic mineralization efficiency (66.2 %) of PFOS was achieved using Ga/[email protected] prepared under the following conditions: Filtrosorb-400® = 50 wt%, Ga = 2 wt%, hydrothermal treatment temperature = 130 °C, hydrothermal duration = 72 h, and calcination temperature = 550 °C. To understand the underlying mechanisms, selected materials were characterized via X-ray diffraction, the BET surface area and pore volume, UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectrometry, and photoluminescence. The results revealed that the superior photoactivity of Ga/[email protected] is attributed to the Ga-facilitated formation of pure crystallized anatase phase during the calcination, high UV light absorption, formation of microscale hybrid AC-anatase-Ga phases, and oxygen defects induced by Ga3+. The information can facilitate preparation and optimization of composite photocatalysts for efficient adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of PFAS in water.
Enabling coordinated register allocation and thread-level parallelism optimization for GPUs (2015)

The key to high performance on GPUs lies in the massive threading to enable thread switching and hide the latency of function unit and memory access. However, running with the maximum thread-level parallelism (TLP) does not necessarily lead to the optimal performance due to the excessive thread contention for cache resource. As a result, thread throttling techniques are employed to limit the number of threads that concurrently execute to preserve the data locality. On the other hand, GPUs are equipped with a large register file to enable fast context switch between threads. However, thread throttling techniques that are designed to mitigate cache contention, lead to under utilization of registers. Register allocation is a significant factor for performance as it not just determines the single-thread performance, but indirectly affects the TLP.
Sensorless IPMS motor drive control for electric power steering (2008)

Key requirements of electric power steering systems such as cost implementation, minimum algorithm complexity and code length, low torque fluctuation and mechanical vibrations are fully complied by the sensorless control technique proposed in this paper, based on high voltage signal injection and measurement of an additional high frequency stator current component. The proposed rotor position estimation technique is simple and can be implemented in analog environment, minimizing the computation effort and the hardware requirements of the microcontroller. Implementation issues and experimental results obtained on a laboratory prototype equipping an electric power steering system in practical working conditions are presented.
ERp57 Functions as a Subunit of Specific Complexes Formed with the ER Lectins Calreticulin and Calnexin (1999)

ERp57 is a lumenal protein of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and a member of the protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) family. In contrast to archetypal PDI, ERp57 interacts specifically with newly synthesized glycoproteins. In this study we demonstrate that ERp57 forms discrete complexes with the ER lectins, calnexin and calreticulin. Specific ERp57/calreticulin complexes exist in canine pancreatic microsomes, as demonstrated by SDS-PAGE after cross-linking, and by native electrophoresis in the absence of cross-linking. After in vitro translation and import into microsomes, radiolabeled ERp57 can be cross-linked to endogenous calreticulin and calnexin while radiolabeled PDI cannot. Likewise, radiolabeled calreticulin is cross-linked to endogenous ERp57 but not PDI. Similar results were obtained in Lec23 cells, which lack the glucosidase I necessary to produce glycoprotein substrates capable of binding to calnexin and calreticulin. This observation indicates that ERp57 interacts with both of the ER lectins in the absence of their glycoprotein substrate. This result was confirmed by a specific interaction between in vitro synthesized calreticulin and ERp57 prepared in solution in the absence of other ER components. We conclude that ERp57 forms complexes with both calnexin and calreticulin and propose that it is these complexes that can specifically modulate glycoprotein folding within the ER lumen.
Can Wall Street's "Global Resolution" Prevent Spinning? A Critical Evaluation of Current Alternatives (2004)

In December 2002, New York Attorney General Eliot Spitzer announced that the State of New York, the Securities and Exchange Commission, and several other regulatory authorities, had reached a “global settlement” in their investigation into the investment banking practices of ten major Wall Street investment firms. The investigation had focused primarily on analyst conflicts of interest: the tendency of research analysts to supply unduly optimistic forecasts of company performance, under pressure from colleagues in the investment banking department who owe their business to the very same companies the analysts are touting. But when the agreements became public nearly a year later, one of the more
Software reliability modeling and cost estimation incorporating testing-effort and efficiency (2003)

Many studies have been performed on the subject of software reliability but few have explicitly considered the impact of software testing on the reliability process. This paper presents two important issues on software reliability modeling and software reliability economics: testing effort and efficiency. First, we discuss on how to extend the logistic testing-effort function into a general form. The generalized logistic testing-effort function has the advantage of relating the work profile more directly to the natural flow of software development. Therefore, it can be used to describe the actual consumption of resources during the software development process and to obtain a conspicuous improvement in modeling testing-effort expenditures. Furthermore, we incorporate the generalized logistic testing-effort function into software reliability modeling and its fault-prediction capability is evaluated through four numerical experiments on real data. Then, we address the effects of automated techniques or tools on increasing the efficiency of software testing. New testing techniques usually increase test coverage. We propose a modified software reliability cost model to reflect these effects. From the simulation results, we obtain a powerful software economic policy which clearly indicates the benefits of applying new automated testing techniques and tools during the software development process.
Electromagnetic Driving Technique Applied to Split-Hopkinson Pressure Bar Device (2010)

In order to enhance efficiency and measuring precision of split Hopkinson pressure bar device,the electromagnetic coil driving conductor bar was designed and principle experiment was carried out through the analyses of electromagnetic driving technique. Based on mini split-Hopkinson pressure bar device,the electromagnetic coil driving principle was applied to striking bar driving and the single electromagnetic coil was applied to driving of strikers with different length. Results show that there is a linear relation between quantity of electric charge and the velocity of bar with different lengths. According to test results of dynamic stress-strain curves for magnesium alloy,it verifies that this system has excellent velocity control,good repeatable measuring precision,high reliability and practicability. Results also show that electromagnetic interference does not affect signal collection. With the aid of this principle,through enhancing quantity of electric charge or using multi-coils coaxial driving technique,the striker bar with various specifications in Hopkinson pressure bars device can be efficiently driven,and Hopkinson pressure bar system may be simplified.
Depth Perception (2002)

Abstract This chapter contains a review of information that we use to perceive the three‐dimensional structure of the visual world. To a limited extent for near viewing we can use nonvisual signals from the accommodative state of the lens or the state of convergence of the eyes. Visual information available to one eye included image blur arising from out‐of‐focus images; overlap between images of objects at different distances serves as a cue to relative depth. Shading and shadows provide a rich source of information about relative depth, although the sign of depth relations can be ambiguous. When we move past a stationary scene, the relative motion of images of objects at different distances indicates very small differences in depth. Image expansion of an approaching object indicates time to impact and the symmetry of image motion indicates whether the approaching object will hit us. Binocular information available when only both eyes are open includes differences between the images in the two eyes. These binocular disparities provide information about the distances of objects, and the inclination and curvature of surfaces. The chapter ends with a discussion of how different depth cues interact to produce a unified percept of the three‐dimensional structure of the world.
Some Well‐Known Stories of Extreme Subjectivity (2001)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Johannes Kepler Gregor Mendel Robert Millikan Cyril Burt Margaret Mead
Virtual Organization Support within a Grid-Wide Operating System (2008)

Despite grids' popularity, virtual organizations (VOs) have yet to become a commodity technology in modern computing environments due to the complexity of managing them and difficulty of assuring user and VO isolation. Here, the authors describe the VO management approach taken by XtreemOS, a new grid operating system with native support for VOs that supports a wide range of computing resources, from clusters to mobiles. They also discuss the requirements for the VO model and management within XtreemOS and introduce an expandable VO model and a system architecture that supports it.
Bending-Induced Bidirectional Tuning of Whispering Gallery Mode Lasing from Flexible Polymer Fibers (2014)

Polymer microfibers with a circular cross-section are directly drawn from a solution. By encapsulating the dye-doped microfibers with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomer, optically pumped lasing with enhanced photostability is achieved. The lasing characteristics as well as size-dependent lasing action are carefully analyzed, and the lasing phenomenon is ascribed to whispering gallery mode. The PDMS elastomer offers another degree of freedom to mechanically tune the lasing from microfibers. It is interesting to note that by different types of bending, bidirectional shifting of the laser wavelength is observed, which is due to strain-induced refractive index change of the fiber and PDMS matrix. Our studies not only show an effective method to passivate the microfibers, but also open up a new approach to manipulating the lasing, which allows for fine adjustment of laser emission to any desired wavelength within the tuning range.
Tests of the NACA 653-018 airfoil section with boundary-layer control by suction (1944)

NACA WARTIMEREPORTS are reprints ofpapersoriginally issuedtopro~%&~8&ribution of
Improving multicriteria group decision making with automated decision guidance (2002)

Many managerial decisions involve consideration of more than one single criterion. Despite the development of multicriteria decision making (MCDM), decision support systems (DSS), and group decision support systems (GDSS) that are aimed at helping decision makers address these complex decisions, there is inadequate success in supporting MCDM. Problems hindering the success of these systems may be due to their undue complexity, over-reliance on quantitative modeling, and failure to accommodate the dynamic learning needs of the people who use them. This study explores the possibility of embedding decision guidance within MCDM GDSS, outlines specific guidelines for the design of such guidance, and demonstrates the potential benefits of enhancing MCDM with guidance for a resource-allocation task. A laboratory experiment was conducted to evaluate the impacts of decision guidance on learning and decision outcomes. Groups using a MCDM GDSS without decision guidance were compared to groups using the same decision model with embedded decision guidance. All groups performed a resource-allocation task. Overall, the findings suggest that the addition of guidance can bring significant advantages to group learning and consensus, as well as to group members' perceptions about their decision making processes and outcomes.
ON THE INHERITANCE OF rDNA OF MAGNIFIED BOBBED LOCI IN <i> D. MELANOGASTER</i> (1970)

HE bobbed locus in the X and Y chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster is a compound locus composed of genes for ribosomal RNA (RITOSSA, ATWOOD and SPIEGELMAN 1966). This locus is composed of a variable number of genes which have an additive effect up to a certain threshold (STERN 1929). Single loci, in which the number of genes for 28 and 18 S rRNA is less than 130 are hypomorphic since they produce subnormal effect and constitute a series of bobbed isoalleles. Under normal conditions. 130 such genes are sufficient to guarantee a normal phenotype. In such a case, we call the locus a wild-type member of the isoallelic series.
<i>In Vivo</i>Observations on Testosterone and Estradiol-17β Protein Binding in Women (1969)

The protein binding of radioactive testosterone and estradiol was studied following in vivo injection of the steroids. Serum samples from pregnant and nonpregnant women were partitioned sequentially by continuous paper electrophoresis, Sephadex column filtration and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Non-albumin protein binding of each steroid was found to be increased during pregnancy. The protein binding patterns of testosterone and estradiol differed with respect to the proportion bound to albumin and their more specific binding protein (s). Testosterone-binding protein (TBP) and estradiol-binding protein (EBP) could not be separated in these studies. TBP-EBP had the properties of an α2-globulin on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
Finite element modelling of masonry diaphragm walls subjected to lateral and thermal loadings (1989)

The use of masonry dates back centuries, yet only recently has research been con­ducted into the efficient application of this material to structures. A new form of construction which has achieved popularity in the United Kingdom is the masonry diaphragm wall. The typical diaphragm wall consists of two wythes of masonry connected at regular intervals by solid masonry webs to form box or I-sections; this form of construction is significantly stiffer than traditional forms of masonry such as the cavity wall. A properly designed diaphragm wall will fulfill many of the requirements of a b'uilding envelope and is therefore a much more efficient use of masonry. The work presented in this thesis addresses two maJor concerns with respect to the practical application of masonry diaphragm walls in Canada: the lack of adequate methods of analysis, and the performance of diaphragm walls subjected to high levels of differential thermal loading. The finite element method was the primary method of analysis utilized as ex­tensive laboratory testing would be expensive and time-consuming. The validity of using the finite element method to model masonry diaphragm walls was verified in two phases. The first involved the modelling of a previous British test of a plain blockwork diaphragm wall. The density of the materials was found to be an important modelling parameter in free standing walls. For the second phase of the model verification, four plain masonry walls were constructed from local materials: three diaphragm walls and one cavity wall. These walls were subjected to lateral loading. The flexural tensile stresses from the finite element modelling compared favourably with the corresponding results from a sim­plified engineering analysis. The increased lateral load capacity of the diaphragm wall form was also confirmed. The thermal stress analysis of masonry walls subjected to large steady stat.e temperature differentials was then conducted. The finite element modelling proce­dure was used. The resulting principal tensile stresses in the uncompressed, plain diaphragm walls were found to be excessive, ranging from 2 to 3 MPa. The lo­cation of the maximum principal tensile stresses was in the region of the interior web-flange interface at the top of a wall. It is unlikely that masonry diaphragm walls will survive in the harsh Canadian climate without a reduction in these maxi- mum stresses. Prestressing of diaphragm walls may be required before they become viable in Canada.
The pattern of cell death in<i>fushi tarazu</i>, a segmentation gene of<i>Drosophila</i> (1988)

The pair-rule mutant, fushi tarazu, causes deletion of alternate metameres. Here we show that there is cell death in the mutant which begins at the completion of germ band extension. We map the dying cells in the epidermis; they occur scattered all over those regions that, in the wild type, would form the even-numbered parasegments and are also found in posterior parts of the odd-numbered parasegments. In the affected zones, dying and dividing cells are intermingled; we suggest that cells from these zones may still give descendents that contribute to the larval cuticle. Cell death is not limited to those cells that would normally express ftz+, suggesting that it is some indirect consequence of the abnormal situation in the mutant embryo.