gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structural Investigations on Cryogenically Operated and Transpiration Cooled Fiber Reinforced Rocket Thrust Chambers (2012)

This paper will give a subsumption of the structural implementation of an integrated fiber reinforced rocket thrust chamber design, which took in the meanwhile more than one decade of development effort.Of particular interest in this case is a hybrid design approach showing Ceramic Matrix Composits as high temperature inner liner materials and a covering light weight Carbon Fiber Plastic Housing, whereas these principally different material components are joined by metallic flanges at the front edges in an extensively decoupled design philosophy, excluding compulsive loads as far as possible.In 2010 the long and intensive experimental work led into a test campaign at the European Research and Technology Test Facility P8 at DLR-Lampoldshausen using for the first time the fully integrated chamber design under cryogenic high performance conditions, using LOX/LH2.In this campaign the structural concept could be proved completely under all structurally relevant parameters.With respect to the demonstration of the system efficiency under optimized operational flow parameters a further test campaign early in 2012 had been performed at the recently renewed local P6.1-testbench.The paper discusses predominantly structural design aspects.
Mixed Aqueous Properties of Resorcinol-type Calix[4]arenes Bearing Four Alkyl Side Chains and Cationic Surfactant (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTMixed Aqueous Properties of Resorcinol-type Calix[4]arenes Bearing Four Alkyl Side Chains and Cationic SurfactantKunio Esumi, Kei Syoji, Munetaka Miyazaki, Kanjiro Torigoe, and Yoshifumi KoideView Author Information Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Colloid and Interface Science, Science University of Tokyo, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan, and Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kumamoto University, Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-0862, Japan Cite this: Langmuir 1999, 15, 19, 6591–6593Publication Date (Web):July 1, 1999Publication History Received14 October 1998Revised16 March 1999Published online1 July 1999Published inissue 1 September 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la9814384https://doi.org/10.1021/la9814384brief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views104Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Alkyls,Aromatic compounds,Micelles,Surface tension,Surfactants Get e-Alerts
A Flat-Panel X-Ray Imaging Module for Medical Imaging and Nondestructive Testing (2006)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
ASSEMBLY AND TESTING OF THE MARK 1 SHIPBOARD SEPARATOR SYSTEM (1975)

Abstract : Assembly and testing of a prototype oil-water-solids separating system is described. The system is designed to process ships' bilge water at a rate of 50 gpm and provide water effluent containing less than 15 ppm of oil. The system is composed of two units: (1) a skid mounted separator module approximately 5'x3'x3', and (2) a control console approximately 5'x3'2'. Results of system testing indicates that the system is capable of continuously processing 50 gpm of bilge water containing concentrations up to 20% No. 2 fuel oil and discharging water effluent with less than 7 ppm oil. Higher inlet oil concentrations are handled satisfactorily by the automatic recirculation feature of the system.
Distribution and partitioning of heavy metals in estuarine sediment cores and implications for the use of sediment quality standards (2002)

Abstract. Total metal concentrations in surface sediments and historically contaminated sediments were determined in sediment cores collected from three estuaries (Thames, Medway and Blackwater) in south-east England. The partitioning behaviour of metals in these sediments was also determined using a sequential extraction scheme. These data were then compared with sediment quality values (SQVs) to determine the potential ecotoxicological risk to sediment dwelling organisms. When total metal concentrations in surface sediments are examined, no risk to biota in any of the estuaries is indicated. However, when historically contaminated sediments at depth are also considered, risks to biota are apparent and are greatest for the Thames, followed by the Medway and then the Blackwater. This suggests that regulatory authorities should examine vertical metal profiles, particularly in estuaries that are experiencing low sediment accumulation rates where historically contaminated sediments are in the shallow sub-surface zone and where erosion or dredging activities may take place. When metal partitioning characteristics are also considered, the risk to biota is comparable for the Medway and the Blackwater with the potentially bioavailable fraction presenting no ecotoxicological risk. Conversely, over 70% of metals are labile in the Thames Estuary sediments and toxic effects are probable. This suggests that the application of SQVs using total sediment metal concentrations may over- or under-estimate the risk to biota in geochemically dissimilar estuarine sediments. Keywords: sediment quality values, estuarine sediments, metal contamination, partitioning, sequential extraction
Abstract 11910: In vivo Release Pattern of Cardiac Troponin I in Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Insights From an Intracardiac and Multi-Site Sampling Study (2018)

Background: Use of disease specific cardiac troponin I (cTnI) forms have been suggested as the next step to improve cTnI assay specificity. Current knowledge on serum cTnI composition is only based...
DNA barcodes unite two problematic taxa: the meiobenthic Boreohydra simplex is a life-cycle stage of Plotocnide borealis (Hydrozoa: Aplanulata) (2016)

Genetic barcodes of arctic medusae and meiobenthic cnidarians have uncovered a fortuitous connection between the medusa Plotocnide borealis Wagner, 1885 and the minute, mud-dwelling polyp Boreohydra simplex Westblad, 1937. Little to no sequence differences exist among independently collected samples identified as Boreohydra simplex and Plotocnide borealis, showing that the two different forms represent a single species that is henceforth known by the older name Plotocnide borealis Wagner, 1885. The polyp form has been observed to produce bulges previously hypothesized to be gonophores, and the results here are consistent with that view. Interestingly, the polyp has also been reported to produce egg cells in the epiderm, a surprising phenomenon that we document here for only the second time. Thus, P. borealis produces eggs in two different life stages, polyp and medusa. This is the first documented case of a metagenetic medusozoan species being able to produce gametes in both the medusa and polyp stage. It remains unclear what environmental/ecological conditions modulate the production of eggs and/or medusa buds in the polyp stage. Similarly, sperm production, fertilization and development are unknown, warranting further studies.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Ligands Related to the O‐Specific Polysaccharides of Shigella flexneri Serotype 2a and Shigella flexneri Serotype 5a. Part 3. Linear Synthesis of the Methyl Glycosides of Tri‐, Tetra‐, and Pentasaccharide Fragments of the Shigella flexneri Serotype 5a O‐Antigen. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Frequency-locked loop between a H-maser and a Cs clock (2005)

The time and frequency reference in Besancon is based on caesium clocks for absolute accuracy and long-term stability, on a H-maser for medium and long term stability, and on a liquid-He whispering gallery sapphire oscillator for best spectral purity and short-term stability. These standards are located in three different places. In order to obtain the full accuracy and stability at least in one site, we combine these references using a frequency locked loop. The traditional method consists of locking a VCO to a reference. The short-term stability of the VCO and the long term performance of the reference are therefore combined in the output signal, when the cut-off frequency of the control is properly chosen. Yet, in our case we have to lock the VCO to two references, the H-maser in the medium term and the Cs clock in the long term. The control system consists of two mixers that compare the references to a quartz oscillator (VCO), and of a recursive digital filter. The H-maser and the Cs clock are not controlled. This paper analyzes the method for choosing a suitable control algorithm, and presents the results based on simulated data.
Self-induced growth of vertical free-standing InAs nanowires on Si(111) by molecular beam epitaxy (2010)

We report self-induced growth of vertically aligned (i.e. along the [111] direction), free-standing InAs nanowires on Si(111) substrates by solid-source molecular beam epitaxy. Implementation of an ultrathin amorphous SiO(x) mask on Si(111) facilitated epitaxial InAs nanowire growth, as confirmed by high-resolution x-ray diffraction 2theta-omega scans and transmission electron microscopy. Depending on growth temperature (in the range of 400-520 degrees C) substantial size variation of both nanowire length and diameter was found under preservation of uniform, non-tapered hexagon-shaped geometries. The majority of InAs nanowires exhibited phase-pure zinc blende crystal structure with few defective regions consisting of stacking faults. Photoluminescence spectroscopy at 20 K revealed peak emission of the InAs nanowires at 0.445 eV, which is approximately 30 meV blueshifted with respect to the emission of the bulk InAs reference due to radial quantum confinement effects. These results show a promising route towards integration of well-aligned, high structural quality InAs-based nanowires with the desired aspect ratio and tailored emission wavelengths on an Si platform.
Dysregulation of TCTP in Biological Processes and Diseases (2020)

Translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP), also called histamine releasing factor (HRF) or fortilin, is a multifunctional protein present in almost all eukaryotic organisms. TCTP is involved in a range of basic cell biological processes, such as promotion of growth and development, or cellular defense in response to biological stresses. Cellular TCTP levels are highly regulated in response to a variety of physiological signals, and regulatory mechanism at various levels have been elucidated. Given the importance of TCTP in maintaining cellular homeostasis, it is not surprising that dysregulation of this protein is associated with a range of disease processes. Here, we review recent progress that has been made in the characterisation of the basic biological functions of TCTP, in the description of mechanisms involved in regulating its cellular levels and in the understanding of dysregulation of TCTP, as it occurs in disease processes such as cancer.
Evaluation and comparison of commercial vitreous fluorophotometers. (1981)

The Metricon vitreous fluorophotometer and two models by Gamma Scientific were evaluated. The lower limit of detection of the Metricon and the 2900 Gamma Scientific were found to be satisfactory. Because of the DR2 Gamma Scientific high dark noise, an external electronic filter had to be added to achieve a lower limit of detection, which was borderline for vitreous fluorophotometry. The error of the systems was found to be acceptable except for the DR2 Gamma Scientific at low concentrations. However, it was demonstrated that the determining factor for reliability is the level of artifactual readings. It was shown that the level of artifact is acceptable for the Gamma Scientific models but high for the Metricon, in which significant error could be induced in patients with borderline fluorescein leakage. Other technical aspects of the systems are discussed.
Denial of Service or Denial of Security? How Attacks on Reliability can Compromise Anonymity (2007)

We consider the eect attackers who disrupt anonymous communications have on the security of traditional high- and low-latency anonymous communication systems, as well as on the Hydra-Onion and Cashmere systems that aim to oer reliable mixing, and Salsa, a peer-to-peer anonymous communication network. We show that denial of service (DoS) lowers anonymity as messages need to get retransmitted to be delivered, presenting more opportunities for attack. We uncover a fundamental limit on the security of mix networks, showing that they cannot tolerate a majority of nodes being malicious. Cashmere, Hydra-Onion, and Salsa security is also badly aected by DoS attackers. Our results are backed by probabilistic modeling and extensive simulations and are of direct applicability to deployed anonymity systems.
The liver excretes large amounts of heme into bile when heme oxygenase is inhibited competitively by Sn-protoporphyrin. (1985)

TinIV-protoporphyrin IX (Sn-protoporphyrin) potently inhibits heme degradation to bilirubin in vitro and in vivo, and it completely suppresses neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in experimental animals, including primates. It also reduces plasma bilirubin levels in certain naturally occurring or induced forms of jaundice in animals and man. We have examined in this study the fate of that fraction of heme whose degradation to bile pigment is inhibited in vivo by administration of this heme oxygenase (EC 1.14.99.3) inhibitor. In bile-duct-cannulated rats, infused exogenous heme is rapidly converted to biliary bilirubin; a small amount of the infused heme is excreted into bile as well. Sn-protoporphyrin, administered with the exogenous heme, markedly increased (3- to 4-fold) the amount of heme excreted into bile and greatly diminished biliary output of bilirubin. The increase in biliary heme output exceeded the decrease in bilirubin excretion elicited by the inhibitor metalloporphyrin. In the same experimental model, Sn-protoporphyrin substantially decreased the conversion of heme, derived from heat-damaged erythrocytes, to biliary bilirubin. This decrease in biliary bilirubin output was accounted for entirely by a prompt and marked increase in biliary excretion of unmetabolized heme. The enhanced biliary excretion of unmetabolized heme following administration of Sn-protoporphyrin is a newly defined and biologically important response associated with use of this synthetic heme analogue. The features of the action of this compound in vivo--suppression of formation of the potentially neurotoxic metabolite, bilirubin; enhancement of disposal of the untransformed substrate (heme) of the enzyme that it inhibits; and its own elimination without metabolic alteration--define some of the characteristics of a therapeutically useful chemical.
Oxidative stress and S‐nitrosylation of proteins in cells (2000)

The effect of prolonged exposure to nitric oxide on enzymes involved in cell metabolism was investigated in T lymphocyte-derived Jurkat and L929 fibroblast human cell lines using a constant concentration of nitric oxide (1.5 microM) released by the nitric oxide donor DETA-NO (0.5 mM). Nitric oxide inhibited immediately the respiration of the cells acting reversibly at complex IV. With time, the inhibition became progressively persistent, i.e. not reversed by trapping of nitric oxide with oxyhaemoglobin, and was preceded by a decrease in the concentration of the intracellular reduced glutathione. This persistent effect of nitric oxide on respiration was due to inhibition of complex I activity which could be reversed by addition of reduced glutathione or by cold light, suggesting that it was due to S-nitrosylation of thiols necessary for the activity of the enzyme. The activity of other enzymes also known to be susceptible to inhibition by S-nitrosylation, i.e. glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutathione reductase, was progressively decreased by exposure to nitric oxide with a similar time course to that observed for the inhibition of complex I. Furthermore, inhibition of these enzymes only occurred when the concentrations of reduced glutathione had previously fallen and could be prevented by increasing the intracellular concentrations of reduced glutathione. Our results suggest that S-nitrosylation of different enzymes by nitric oxide may occur only if the reducing potential of the cells is impaired.
The sonochemical approach improves the CuO–ZnO/TiO<sub>2</sub> catalyst for WGS reaction (2014)

The CuO-ZnO composite was deposited onto two kinds of titania supports, which are synthetic mesoporous TiO2 and commercial TiO2 P25 (Degussa), via the ultrasound assisted precipitation and incipient wetness impregnation (IWI) methods, respectively. The catalysts were tested for WGS reaction in the temperature range of 200-400 °C, and the best catalytic performance was achieved for the sonochemically prepared catalysts supported on the commercial TiO2 P25, which contains well crystallized anatase and rutile phases. Although the synthetic mesoporous TiO2 has a higher surface area, its textural structure is not stable under the reaction conditions, leading to gradual deactivation of the CuO-ZnO/TiO2 catalyst. It is found that the sonochemical preparation offers at least two advantages: (1) generation of mesopores on the catalyst surface and (2) doping of ZnO into the CuO phase. The doping of ZnO, particularly in the case of commercial TiO2 P25, provides high activity and extra stability to the active phase of Cu(0). These new findings provide new insights into the design and development of better heterogeneous catalysts for WGS reaction.
Life-long calorie restriction in Fischer 344 rats attenuates age-related loss in skeletal muscle-specific force and reduces extracellular space (2003)

The decline in muscle function is associated with an age-related decrease in muscle mass and an age-related decline in strength. However, decreased strength is not solely due to decreased muscle mass. The age-related decline in muscle-specific force (force/muscle cross-sectional area), a measure of intrinsic muscle function, also contributes to age-related strength decline, and the mechanisms by which this occurs are only partially known. Moreover, changes in the extracellular space could have a profound effect on skeletal muscle function. Life-long calorie restriction in rodents has shown to be a powerful anti-aging intervention. In this study, we examine whether calorie restriction is able to attenuate the loss of muscle function and elevations in extracellular space associated with aging. We hypothesize that calorie restriction attenuates the age-associated decline in specific force and increases in extracellular space. Measurements of in vitro contractile properties of the extensor digitorum longus (type II) and soleus (type I) muscles from 12-mo and 26- to 28-mo-old ad libitum-fed, as well as 27- to 28-mo-old life-long calorie-restricted male Fischer 344 rats, were performed. We found that calorie restriction attenuated the age-associated decline in muscle mass-to-body mass ratio (mg/g) and strength-to-body mass ratio (N/kg) in the extensor digitorum longus muscle (P < 0.05) but not in the soleus muscle (P > 0.05). Importantly, muscle-specific force (N/cm2) in the extensor digitorum longus, but not in the soleus muscle, of the old calorie-restricted rats was equal to that of the young 12-mo-old animals. Moreover, the age-associated increase in extracellular space was reduced in the fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus muscle (P < 0.05) but not in the soleus muscle with calorie restriction. We also found a significant correlation between the extracellular space and the muscle-specific force in the extensor digitorum longus (r = -0.58; P < 0.05) but not in the soleus muscle (r = -0.38; P > 0.05). Hence, this study shows a loss of muscle function with age and suggests that long-term calorie restriction is an effective intervention against the loss of muscle function with age.
Flexibility is a likely determinant of binding specificity in the case of ileal lipid binding protein (1996)

The tertiary structure of ILBP is similar to that of other LBPs, but appears to be unusually flexible, with a relatively weak hydrogen-bonding network. It is likely that this flexibility is important in allowing bile acids, which are larger and more rigid than fatty acids, to enter the central cavity of the protein.