gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Temporal Regulation of Rapamycin on Memory CTL Programming by IL-12 (2011)

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a master regulator of cell growth. Recent reports have defined its important role in memory cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) differentiation in infections and memory programming. We report that rapamycin regulated memory CTL programming by IL-12 to a similar level in a wide range of concentrations, and the enhanced memory CTLs by rapamycin were functional and provided similar protection against Listeria Monocytogenes challenge compared to the control. In addition, rapamycin-experienced CTLs went through substantially enhanced proliferation after transfer into recipients. Furthermore, the regulatory function of rapamycin on CD62L expression in memory CTLs was mainly contributed by the presence of rapamycin in the first 24-hr of stimulation in vitro, whereas the effective window of rapamycin on the size of memory CTLs was determined between 24 to 72 hrs. In conclusion, rapamycin regulates IL-12driven programming of CTLs to a similar level in a wide range of concentrations, and regulates the phenotype and the size of memory CTLs in different temporal windows.
BODY/REPAIR SHOP VISITS TO DETERMINE DISTRIBUTION OF REPLACEMENT PARTS SOURCES. FINAL REPORT (1989)

This study gathered information from a cross section of the auto repair industry to determine the distribution of replacement parts sources. The data gathered is in support of the report to the Congress on the effects of the Motor Vehicle Theft Law Enforcement Act of 1984. Nine sites were visited located in six states: Maryland, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, Connecticut and Massachusetts. The study found that original equipment manufacturers (OEM) parts are the most often used where major replacement parts are required. Because of ill fits as reported by the shops visited, aftermarket parts were the least often selected to replace major damaged parts. There has been no change in the distribution of replacement parts sources before and after the introduction of the parts marking standard. Insurance companies have become more involved in the auto body/repair industry since the standard went into effect - respondants indicated that insurance companies are involved in the repair/replace decisions and put ceilings on the price of replacement parts.
Stationary patterns in one-predator, two-prey models (2001)

Weakly-coupled elliptic system describing models of simple three-species food webs such as the one-predator, two-prey model is discussed. We show that there is no nonconstant solution if diffusions or interspecific competitions are strong, or if the intrinsic growths of the prey are slow and the intrinsic drop rates of predator are fast.
Where Is Xenophobia in the Fight against Racism (2014)

What is at stake in identifying some actions or speech acts as racist as opposed to regarding them as merely xenophobic? If we understand racism as a system, how does this impact the way we address the distinction between the terms racism and xenophobia? My attempt to address these questions is guided by two observations drawn from the genealogy of the term racism. First, in the English language, the word was initially a synonym for Nazi anti-Semitism. The strategies to combat racism developed by UNESCO under the influence of Ashley Montagu and other followers of Franz Boas were set by the idea that what had to be opposed was primarily a biologically based racial ideology. However, the attempt to apply this model to the United States was problematized by Oliver Cromwell Cox already in the early 1940s, just as the application of this model to colonialism was opposed by Sartre and Fanon. Secondly, whereas race prejudice had at one time been thought of as natural, as xenophobia still tends to be today, what is called racism in English was from the outset thought of as acquired and blameworthy. As a result of this and other differences, the strategies needed to address racism and xenophobia are fundamentally different. Language: en
Wavelet-Based Feature Extraction in Fault Diagnosis for Biquad High-Pass Filter Circuit (2016)

Fault diagnosis for analog circuit has become a prominent factor in improving the reliability of integrated circuit due to its irreplaceability in modern integrated circuits. In fact fault diagnosis based on intelligent algorithms has become a popular research topic as efficient feature extraction and selection are a critical and intricate task in analog fault diagnosis. Further, it is extremely important to propose some general guidelines for the optimal feature extraction and selection. In this paper, based on wavelet analysis, we will study the problems of mother wavelets selection, number of decomposition levels, and candidate coefficients selection by using a four-op-amp biquad filter circuit. After conducting several comparative experiments, some general guidelines for feature extraction for this type of analog circuits fault diagnosis are derived.
Permeability of the diaphragmatic mesothelium: The ultrastructural basis for “stomata” (1978)

Abstract The topography and organization of cells lining the peritoneal surface of the diaphragm in normal and intraperitoneally injected mice have been studied by transmission and scanning electron microscopy and freeze‐fracture replication techniques. The mesothelial cells of the peritoneal surface of the diaphragm are organized into two discrete populations. A population of cuboidal cells are found in areas over the lymphatic lacuna (roof covering submesothelial lymphatic vessels) while the remaining areas (not covering lymphatic lacunae) of the diaphragm are lined by extremely flattened cells. The apical surfaces of both cuboidal and flattened mesothelial cells are covered with numerous microvilli. The lateral borders of the cuboidal cells are characterized by the presence of numerous filamentous processes which interlace with similar structures from adjacent cells to form intercellular gaps which overlie a thin layer of connective tissue. In addition to the intercellular gaps, special circular pores are found between the margins of several neighboring cells. The observations suggest that these circular pores are formed when cell margins of several lymphatic endothelial cells span the submesothelial connective tissue to form intercellular junctions with cell margins of several neighboring mesothelial cells lining the peritoneal surface of the diaphragm. The intimate intercellular contact between these two different cell types provides an open channel between the peritoneal cavity and the lumen of the diaphragmatic lymphatic vessels (lymphatic lacunae). It is suggested that these circular pores correspond to the “stomata” of von Reckling‐hausen. Intraperitoneally injected colloidal particles (biological carbon) and red blood cells are rapidly removed from the peritoneal cavity via the circular pores (stomata).
Redistribution reaction of trichlorosilane in a fixed-bed reactor (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRedistribution reaction of trichlorosilane in a fixed-bed reactorK. Y. Li and C. D. HuangCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1988, 27, 9, 1600–1606Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00081a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00081a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views597Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Prediction of tautomeric equilibria for N,N′,N″-trisubstituted, N,N′-disubstituted and N-monosubstituted guanidines (1989)

The methods, based on Brønsted acid–base equilibria, for prediction of the tautomeric equilibria constants (as pKT) and of the pKa values of individual tautomers are proposed, and applied to N,N′,N″-triaryl-, N,N′-diaryl-, and N-aryl-guanidines. The tautomeric equilibria constants obey a linear relation with σ° constants: pKT=–ρTΔσ°.
Estupefacientes : normativa actual (2002)

Ghrelin is a hormone that stimulates feed intake and regulates energy homeostasis. A link has been observed in sheep, in which simulated feedings at scheduled meal times resulted in an increase in ghrelin concentrations. The present study sought to characterize the effect of feeding cues outside of scheduled meal times on circulating ghrelin concentrations in sheep. Katahdin wethers (age 201 ± 4.9 d; weight 35 ± 1.2 kg) were not offered feed (CONT; = 5), offered 275 g of feed (FED; = 5), or fitted with a muzzle and offered 275 g of feed (SHAM; = 5) during the sampling period, which began 2.5 h after normally scheduled daily feeding time. Blood samples were collected via jugular catheter every 15 min for 2.5 h. Feed was offered for 15 min 0.5 h after the start of blood sampling. The CONT samples were collected on d 1, and FED and SHAM samples were collected on d 2. The active ghrelin present in the plasma was then analyzed by RIA. After the Shapiro-Wilk W goodness of fit test demonstrated that 1 SHAM wether was an outlier and it was removed, data were tested for effect of treatment (FED, SHAM, or CONT), time, and treatment × time interaction using procedures for repeated measures with JMP Software (SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC). There was no treatment or time effect ( > 0.05); however, there was a treatment × time interaction on plasma ghrelin concentrations ( = 0.0028) such that ghrelin concentrations in SHAM wethers were greater than in CONT wethers 15, 60, and 90 min after feeding, whereas ghrelin concentrations in SHAM wethers were greater than those in FED wethers 30, 60, 90, and 120 min after feeding ( < 0.05). Within the SHAM treatment, ghrelin concentrations were greater at 15 min than at -30 min. Moreover, ghrelin concentrations within the FED treatment were greater at -30 min than at 30, 45, 60, 90, 105, and 120 min and at -15 min than at 15 through 120 min. The area under the curve representing circulating concentrations of ghrelin in CONT, FED, and SHAM treatments, determined using the trapezoidal method, yielded a treatment effect with a tendency toward significance ( = 0.0866). These results indicate plasma ghrelin concentrations in scheduled meal-fed wethers are elevated following visual, olfactory, and auditory feeding cues outside of scheduled feeding times.
Errors and alternatives in reading the universal genetic code (1989)

Au sujet des erreurs et des changements de lecture du code Genetique Universel, reprise et compte rendu des connaissances actuelles (338 references). Discussion sur les erreurs faux-sens, les mecanismes de terminaison et de decalages de lecture et les moyens dont dispose la cellule pour controler et s'accommoder de ces erreurs
Rapid <sup>18</sup> O analysis of small water and CO <sub>2</sub> samples using a continuous‐flow isotope ratio mass spectrometer (2002)

High-frequency throughput is often needed in isotopic studies in biological and medical fields. Here we report that high-precision oxygen isotope ratio measurements of water (+/-0.13 per thousand) were rapidly and routinely made on small samples (40-100 microL) using an isotope ratio mass spectrometer operated in continuous-flow mode. Simple modifications to existing instrumentation allow for rapid manual analyses of dilute CO2 (10% CO2/90% N2), including the addition of a septum port and water trap prior to the gas chromatography (GC) column (elemental analyzer column in this study) and the extension of fused-silica capillary tubing between the mass spectrometer source and the effluent tubing from the GC column (located within the CONFLO unit on Finnigan mass spectrometers). We routinely analyzed 20 small-volume samples per hour using this technique, without sacrificing precision of the oxygen isotope ratio measurement.
Released submicrometer Si microstructures formed by one-step dry etching (2001)

Microstructures with submicrometer gaps in Si were fabricated by etching with Cl2 and F-based gases in inductively coupled plasma systems. Released cantilevered beams with a 0.1 μm gaps and 4 μm thick were fabricated using Cl2 etching. Etching in Cl2 provides vertical profile and smooth morphology for submicrometer trenches. It has been applied to form a clamped–clamped beam resonator with 0.2 μm gaps between the resonating beam and electrodes. For trenches with 0.1 μm openings, the F-based etching resulted in tapered etch profile and the top of the trenches was eventually closed due to polymer deposition. Based on faster lateral etch rate for n++ Si in Cl2 etching, a one step dry etching process was used to pattern and release microstructures from the substrate. Residues on the surface after F-based etching can be removed by overetching and the charging effect can be avoided by etching in Cl2.
Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A Gene Expression in Human Ovaries Is Restricted to Healthy Follicles and Corpora Lutea (2000)

Recently, Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A (PAPP-A) in human follicular fluid was identified as an insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4 protease (IGFBP-4ase). The ability of IGFBP-4ase to inactivate the FSH antagonist, IGFBP-4, has suggested a possible role for PAPP-A in regulating FSH action. Despite growing interest in this protease, the question of whether the PAPP-A gene is expressed in ovaries of normal cycling women is unknown. To fill this basic gap in our knowledge, we have identified the cellular sites of PAPP-A gene expression in normal human ovaries by in situ hybridization. PAPP-A mRNA was low or undetectable in preantral follicles, small (1-2 mm) healthy and atretic antral follicles, larger atretic antral follicles, surface epithelium, tunica albuginea and connective tissue cells. In contrast, an intense PAPP-A hybridization signal was evident in the healthy antral follicles examined from 5 mm to the preovulatory stage. In these follicles, the signal was restricted to the granulosa cells (GC). An intense signal for PAPP-A mRNA was also present in healthy corpora lutea (CL), being localized to a subset of large luteal cells. Collectively, these results provide the first evidence that the gene encoding PAPP-A is expressed in ovaries of normal cycling women and show that the gene is expressed almost exclusively in healthy GC and CL cells. The restricted pattern of PAPP-A expression in normal human ovaries suggests that PAPP-A may be a functional marker of the dominant follicle and its product, the CL. Although the physiological function of ovarian PAPP-A remains to be identified, we hypothesize it might play a role in controlling survival, growth, and/or differentiation of the dominant follicle and CL by inactivating the gonadotropin antagonist, IGFBP-4.
LI. <i>Microscopic vision</i> (1896)

produced in the defit~ite directions spoken of iu the text are each a maximum of maxima, &e.]
High-frequency Active Probe for Oscilloscope with Optimum Design for the SICE-ICASE International Joint Conference 2006 (SICE-ICCAS 2006) Oct. 18-21, 2006 in Bexco, Busan, Korea (2006)

In the waveform measurement with oscilloscopes, probes are playing a more important role along with the recent signal speed jumping-up into GHz. We started the development of high frequency active probes and finally achieved very flat frequency response from DC to 2 GHz within 0.5 dB and DC to 3 GHz within 1 dB. This paper describes several technical issues and breakthrough in designing wide bandwidth active probes for oscilloscopes, such as short bonding chip-on-board method, cable design and cable loss compensation
RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF PROCESSED MUSTARD. I: EFFECT OF MILLING TREATMENT (1991)

ABSTRACT The influence of milling level on the rheological behavior of processed mustard was investigated using three different particle sizes (slightly‐coarse, standard, and fine) prepared according to a standard formulation and pilot‐plant replication of the commercial methodology. All samples showed unimodal population‐based particle size distributions which were described by the population‐mode (d pop ). On a volume basis, all milling levels had well‐defined bimodal distributions consisting of a smaller‐ and a larger‐size group of particles described by their modes (d and D). The most important particle size index in relating milling level to rheological behavior was not the population mode (d pop ) but the larger‐size volume mode (D) from the bimodal distribution. The coarser the milling, the higher the larger‐size volume mode (D), and higher the values of: a) Apparent viscosity of nonmixed samples (η p ), b) Bingham yield stress (o − o ) and plastic apparent viscosity (σ p ), c) Shear stress constant (A) and coefficient of thixotropic breakdown (B) from the Weltman stress decay model, d) Yield stress (o − o ) and consistency index (K) from the Herschel‐Bulkley model, and e) Storage (G 1 ) and loss (G ” ) moduli. As indicators of structure‐texture relationship, the above rheological parameters can be profitably utilized to study the effect of manufacturing practices on long term storage stability of the product.
New anthracycline antibiotics. (1977)

A number of anthracycline antibiotics have been found in Streptomyces cultures. Among them, adriamycin and daunomycin have been studied most in detail, because these compounds have exhibited a strong antitumor activities 1, 2). However, their clinical usefuleness is limited by side effects, particularly by bone marrow suppression and cumulative dose-dependent cardiac toxicity. 3 approximately 5) By the collaboration with Prof. H. UMEZAWA and Dr. T. TAKEUCHI, Institute of Microbial Chemistry, for the studies to find out new anthracycline antibiotics that may have lower cardiac toxicity and the same degree of the antitumor activity, we found 32 new anthracycline compounds in Streptomyces cultures and aclacinomycin A is under the phase II clinical study. Anthracycline compounds can be classified depending on the structures of their aglycones as shown in Table 1. These compounds have a linear tetracyclic polyhydroxy anthracyclines, and can be grouped into seven groups. Biologically active anthracycline antibiotics have various sugar moieties at C-7 and/or C-10 position of the anthracyclinones. In 1951, H. BROCKMANN6) discovered rhodomycins A and B in the culture of a new species of Streptomyces purpurascens. Since then, he found numerous anthracycline compounds such as rhodomycin-, isorhodomycin- and pyrromycin-types in Streptomyces and elucidated their structures. All of these anthracyclines are red pigments. In 1964 and 1969 new group of orange-red anthracycline antibiotics: daunomycin10) and adriamycin11) was reported by DiMARCO and F. ARCAMONE. Moreover, aklavin12, 13) which has yellow aklavinone as aglycone and citromycinone aglycone14) which is also yellow have been isolated in the Streptomyces cultures. Aclacinomycin A15), which we found in Streptomyces galilaeus MA144-M1, has aklavinone aglycone and is becoming more interesting in its low cardiac toxicity.
Anaerobic Digestion of Poultry Manure (1963)

The process is described and the parameters to be optimised are noted. A design similar to a municipal heated, mixed, fixed cover digester is presented. It is calculated that at a loading rate of 3.2 g VS/l/day and a 23 day detention time that the digester capacity required per hen is 10.5 liters. A 20,000 hen flock would require a digester with 210 m/sup 3/ capacity, costing from $11,000 to $25,000. The income from using the gas produced at 150 m/sup 3//day would be between $900 and $1200 per year.
A Preliminary Survey of Data Bases and Other Automated Services for Chinese Studies (1992)

This paper focuses on the data bases and other automated services available for Chinese studies, for electronic publications are fast becoming important resources for Chinese studies as a whole. Since most of the automated resources on Chinese studies usually cover a variety of subject matters, I will view the data bases which have broad implications for most of the researchers in the field.
Isolation and identification of chemical constituents from roots of Asarum heterotropides Fr Schmidt.var.mandshuricum (Maxim.) Kitag.(II) (2010)

Objective To study the chemical constituents from the roots of Asarum heterotropides Fr Schmidt.var.mandshuricum(Maxim.)Kitag.Methods The compounds were isolated by chromatography on silica gel columns and identified on the physical-chemical properties along with spectral analysis.Results Six compounds were obtained and identified as aristololactamⅠ(1),7-methoxy-aristololactam(2),aristolochic acid Ⅳa(3),p-hydroxybenzoic acid(4),5,7-di-O-β-D-glucpyranosyl-narigenin(5),2,6-dimethoxy-4-methylphenyl-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(6).Conclusions Among them,compounds 4 and 6 are isolated from Asarum genus for the first time,and compounds 2 and 5 are isolated from this plant for the first time.
Composition of the clathrate polyhydrate of a carboxyl cationite in the tetraisoamylammonium form (1998)

It is shown that a clathrate polyhydrate of constant composition is formed at 0 °C in the three-component system: cross-linked carboxylic cationite in tetraisoamylammonium form–water–ethanol in the range of ethanol concentration from 0 to 22 mass%.
Study and Application of a Linear Frequency−Thickness Relation for Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization in a Quartz Crystal Microbalance (2007)

A linear frequency−thickness (F−T) relation was established for surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) in a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). This quantitative F−T relation is monomer dependent but independent of polymerization rate, initiator and polymer density. With this F−T relation and the online monitoring capacity, QCM was successfully applied to study the kinetics of SI-ATRP mechanisms. QCM was also demonstrated to be useful in controlling film thickness at the angstrom level, which is critical in nanofabrication.
XIX<i>Negative lengths of telephone line</i> (1934)

Summary It is shown that with the help of negative resistance devices it is possible to construct networks which are equivalent to negative lengths of telephone line.
Diverse Reactivity of Dialkylaluminum Dimesitylboryloxides [(μ-Mes<sub>2</sub>BO)AlR<sub>2</sub>]<sub>2</sub>. Synthetic and Structural Study (2000)

Several stable dimeric dialkylaluminum boryloxides of the formula [(mu-Mes2BO)AlR2]2 (R = Me (1), Et (2), iBu) have been prepared from dimesitylborinic acid Mes2BOH and trialkylaluminums R3Al. Compound 1 has been characterized by X-ray diffraction. These compounds exhibit diverse reactivity toward protonolytic reagents depending on the bulkiness of these reagents. Treatment of 1 with tert-butyl alcohol afforded crystalline species trans-[mu-tBuO)(Mes2BO)AlMe]2 (3), which is the first example of a mixed system containing boryloxide and alkoxide ligands together. Most surprisingly, Mes2BOH was found to undergo catalytic decomposition in the presence of [(mu-Mes2BO)AlR2]2 via the unexpected cleavage of one boron-carbon bond. The molecular structure of the decomposition product, i.e., trimesitylboroxin [MesBO]3 (4) is reported.