gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Tools, Biomarkers, and Treatments in Diabetic polyneuropathyand Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy (2021)

The various manifestations of diabetic neuropathy, including distal symmetric sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSPN) and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN), are among the most prevalent chronic complications of diabetes. Major clinical complications of diabetic neuropathies, such as neuropathic pain, chronic foot ulcers, and orthostatic hypotension, are associated with considerable morbidity, increased mortality, and diminished quality of life. Despite the substantial individual and socioeconomic burden, the strategies to diagnose and treat diabetic neuropathies remain insufficient. This review provides an overview of the current clinical aspects and recent advances in exploring local and systemic biomarkers of both DSPN and CAN assessed in human studies (such as biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress) for better understanding of the underlying pathophysiology and for improving early detection. Current therapeutic options for DSPN are (I) causal treatment, including lifestyle modification, optimal glycemic control, and multifactorial risk intervention, (II) pharmacotherapy derived from pathogenetic concepts, and (III) analgesic treatment against neuropathic pain. Recent advances in each category are discussed, including non-pharmacological approaches, such as electrical stimulation. Finally, the current therapeutic options for cardiovascular autonomic complications are provided. These insights should contribute to a broader understanding of the various manifestations of diabetic neuropathies from both the research and clinical perspectives.
ChemInform Abstract: A Tricomponent Reaction Promoted by a Titanium Trichloride/Pyridine System. Diastereoselective Synthesis of β‐Amino‐α‐ hydroxyesters. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF DEPOLARIZING AGENTS AND NEUROTRANSMITTERS ON REGIONAL CNS CYCLIC GMP LEVELS IN VARIOUS'ANIMALS (1976)

Abstract— The effects of 121 m m ‐K + , 10 m m ‐glutamate, 5 m m ‐GABA, 1 m m ‐glycine, 0.1 m m ‐NE, and 1–10 μ m ACh on cyclic GMP levels in tissue slices prepared from cerebral cortex and cerebellum of mouse, rabbit, guinea‐pig, cat, and rat were studied. Basal levels of cyclic GMP in the cerebella of mice, guinea‐pigs and cats were 4–15 and 70 pmol/mg prot in rat, whereas in the cerebral cortex of the same animals, levels were only 0.6–2 pmol/mg prot. In contrast, basal levels of the cyclic nucleotide were 1–2 pmol/mg prot in both of these regions in rabbit brain. Only 121 m m ‐K + was capable of increasing cyclic GMP levels in all the tissues studied. Elevations ranged from 30% in rat cerebral cortex to 2800% in mouse cerebellum. Glutamate produced a 30–1000% rise of cyclic GMP levels in all tissues except rabbit cerebellum. NE elevated levels of cyclic nucleotide 2‐ to 3‐fold in slices of cerebellum from all species studied but had no effect in cerebral cortex. GABA and glycine had no effect in any tissue except mouse cerebellum. ACh had no consistent effect on levels of cyclic GMP in any brain region investigated. These results suggest that mechanisms regulating cyclic GMP levels in mammalian CNS vary among brain regions and among animal species.
Impact of a Digital Diabetes Prevention Program on Risk Factors for Chronic Disease in a Workforce Cohort (2020)

The dDPP was effective in reducing risk factors for chronic disease in a workplace setting.
Monoamine oxidase in brain maturation: a histochemical study during posthatching development in altricial birds. (1981)

Monoamine oxidase was studied histochemically in the brain of three altricial birds, domestic pigeon house swift and house sparrow, during posthatching development. It was found that there was a steady increase in the activity of the enzyme in all areas of the brain of the three birds. The medulla and thalamus showed adult pattern of maturation by 15-20 days in sparrow while the optic lobes and cerebellum did so by 25 days in the former and 11 days in the latter. The cerebral hemispheres showed this by 25-30 days in pigeon and swift and 14 days in sparrow. The hind brain regions showed maximum activity followed by optic lobes, cortex, basal ganglia and cerebellum. The development of the enzyme activity coincided with myelination, in the different areas, as well as with the development of other mitochondrial enzymes. The study indicates that the maturation of the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems occurs by 30 days in pigeon and swift, while it takes only about half that time i.e., 14 days, in sparrow.
Comparing the Extent of Hippocampal Removal to the Outcome in Terms of Seizure Control (1994)

The relationship between the outcome of temporal lobectomy for epilepsy and the size of the hippocampectomy tailored to intraoperative electrocorticographic findings was evaluated in 52 patients, with at least 1 year of follow-up. In 22 patients, <2.0 cm of hippocampus was removed. Postoperatively, 16 (72.7%) were class I (seizure-free), 3 (13.6%) were class II (rare seizures) and 3 (13.6%) were class IV (no worthwhile improvement). In 30 patients, ≧2.0 cm of hippocampus was removed, and the results were as follows: 21 (70 %) were class I, 4 (13.3%) were class II, 1 (3.3%) was class III (worthwhile improvement) and 4 (13.3%) were class IV. Statistically significant differences were not present.
Characterization of newly prepared TiO2-chitosan/glass for the removal of a monoazo dye via the combination effect of photodegradation-adsorption (2005)

The newly prepared TiO2-Chitosan/Glass is a promising alternative/complementary method to conventional means of wastewater treatment. Characterization of TiO2-Chitosan/Glass photocatalyst was studied with SEM-EDX, XRD, and FTIR analysis. The combination effect of photodegradation-adsorption process for the removal of methyl orange (MO), an acid dye of the monoazo series occur promisingly when 4 layers of TiO2-Chitosan/Glass photocatalyst was used for MO removal. FTIR study had confirmed the reactive –NH2, -OH, and metal oxide contents in the prepared photocatalyst responsible for the photodegradation-adsorption effect. Similarly, MO removal behavior was well supported by SEM-EDX and XRD analysis. A marked dependence of MO removal on the TiO2-Chitosan loading was observed and discussed. The research work done thus far suggests a new method, having both the advantages of photodegradation-adsorption process in the abatement of various wastewater pollutants.
Long rubidium vapor lifetime in aluminosilicate sol-gel coated hypocycloidal core shape kagome HC-PCF (2013)

We present aluminosilicate sol-gel coated rubidium-vapor loaded hollow core kagome fiber. We show experimentally that the rubidium vapor is preserved within the hollow core for greater than 500 hours with no vapor-source.
Metrics and bounds for phase delay and signal attenuation in RC(L) clock trees (1999)

As IC clock frequencies approach the GHz range, the distribution of the clock signals becomes more critical in terms of controlling both skew and signal attenuation. Moreover, inductance effects are evident since RC transmission lines will overly attenuate these high-frequency clock signals. To facilitate accurate optimization of clock tree performance and skew requires simple metrics which capture these high-frequency effects. In this paper, we derive simple metrics and bounds for the phase delay and the attenuation of a periodic [RC(L)] tree response as a function of the fundamental frequency of the clock signal. These metrics are based on the first two moments of the impulse response, and are shown to further provide a mechanism for control of underdamped responses (reflections). An important result of this work is the clear demonstration that once the attenuation of the clock signal is controlled, the phase delay can be accurately captured in terms of the first-moment. Furthermore, the form of these metrics and their relationship to one another provides an excellent foundation for various forms of clock tree optimization.
Special section on trends in verification and validation Introductory paper: scalability aspects of validation (2003)

This special section is devoted to a selection of papers that appeared originally in the Proceedings of TACAS 2001, the 7th International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Sys- tems (1) which took place in Genova, Italy in April 2001 as a constituent event of the European joint conferences on theory and Practice of Software. All papers present approaches, tools and algorithms that aim at extending the scope of formal techniques (coverage of systems spe- cifications, data structures, size, and their trade-offs) for validation, verification, and testing of software systems. They are by no means a complete account of the numer- ous ways in which real software and software systems may become subject to rigorous investigation, but they pro- vide an interesting sampling of novel approaches towards scalability of formal methods-based validation. 1T he theme TACAS is a forum for researchers, developers, and users interested in rigorously based tools for the construction and analysis of systems. The conference is intended to bridge the gaps between different communities including, but not limited to, those devoted to formal methods, real- time, software engineering, asynchronous systems, hard- ware, theorem proving, and programming languages that traditionally had little interaction but start sharing more and more common interests in models and techniques at the basis of tool development. The papers in this special section address, from dif- ferent points of view, on different levels of abstraction, and with different emphasis, the problem of scalability of formal techniques for establishing the correctness of com- plex systems which is common to all the above mentioned communities. The relevance of this theme to the software industry in particular and to the IT industry in general is meanwhile an accepted truth: debugging, simulation, and testing consume altogether a significant share of the efforts and costs of software development and of soft- ware maintenance. Thus any technique and methodology that helps taming the complexity of these tasks, e.g., by enhanced methods for automation, better organization and management, and, last but not least through com- plementing measures like formal methods-based analysis and verification, is welcome and deserves and obtains due attention both by theoreticians and by practitioners. The contributions of this special section reflect some of the trade-off between generality, efficiency and expres- sivity. They can be broadly grouped into three groups: Heterogeneity, Abstraction ,a ndGeneralization.
Seroprevalence of Antibodies That React with <i>Anaplasma phagocytophila</i> , the Agent of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis, in Different Populations in Westchester County, New York (2002)

We determined the frequencies of antibodies to Anaplasma phagocytophila, the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE), in different groups of adults and children from Westchester County, New York. The groups included 159 adult blood donors and 215 children who were seronegative for Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies, 118 adult patients and 57 children who were seropositive for B. burgdorferi antibodies, and 42 adult patients with culture-confirmed erythema migrans. Eighteen (11.3%) of the blood donors and 11 (5.1%) of the B. burgdorferi-seronegative children were found to have A. phagocytophila antibodies by indirect immunofluorescent-antibody assay (IFA). Nine of 42 (21.4%) patients with culture-confirmed erythema migrans tested at the baseline visit, 42 of 118 (35.6%) adults, and 3 of 57 (5.3%) children whose sera were reactive for B. burgdorferi antibodies also tested positive for A. phagocytophila antibodies. The geometric mean titer ranged from 219 to 315 for all groups, and the differences in titers among the groups were not statistically significant. Only one-third of the healthy blood donors reactive by IFA were confirmed to be positive by immunoblotting. We conclude that a significant proportion of adults and children without clinical evidence of HGE will test positive for A. phagocytophila antibodies when the conventional cutoff titer of 80 is used in the IFA. This information must be considered in interpretation of test results.
A provable algorithmic approach to product selection problems for market entry and sustainability (2014)

Given the globalized economy, how to process the heterogeneous web data so to extract customers' purchase behavior is crucial to manufacturers who want to enter or sustain in a competitive market. To maximize the sales, manufacturers not only need to decide what products to produce so to meet diverse customers' requirements, but at the same time, compete with competitors' products. In this paper, we present a general framework for the following product selection problems: (1) k-BSP problem, which is for a manufacturer to enter a competitive market, and (2) k-BBP problem, which is for a manufacturer to sustain in a competitive market. We propose several product adoption models to describe the complex purchase behavior of customers, and formally show that these problems are NP-hard in general. To tackle these problems, we propose computationally efficient greedy-based approximation algorithms. Based on the submodularity analysis, we prove that our algorithms can guarantee a (1--1/e)-approximation ratio as compared to the optimal solutions. We perform large scale data analysis to show the efficiency and accuracy of our framework. In our experiments, we observe 1,300 to 250,000 times speedup as compared to the exhaustive algorithms, and our solutions can achieve on average 96% of solution quality as compared to the optimal solutions. Finally, we apply our algorithms on web dataset to show the impact of customers' different purchase behavior on the results of product selection.
Seismic Investigations in the North Sea, 1 and 2 (1967)

Gravity measurements indicate that the post-Hercynian basins in the North Sea area are in isostatic equilibrium. This means that most probably the crust underwent a considerable thinning since the Permian. Part 1 describes the seismic programme that is carried out to investigate some aspects of this problem. Part 2 gives the results of a series of five reverse refraction lines to cover the surface structure of a crustal refraction line shot east of Flamborough Head. In a following part the results of this latter line will be discussed and of other seismic investigations in this programme.
Maxillofacial Virtual Surgery from 3-D CT Images (2003)

The history of scientific development is characterized by some key moments owing to the union of competences coming from far away research areas. Virtual surgery, a new discipline that recently appeared among the medical sciences, is an excellent example of contribution from medical and computational knowledges to health development and progress. Craniofacial surgery is a surgical branch regarding study and treatment of any kind of disease (malformations, trauma, and tumors) affecting the face. The anatomic and functional complexity of the face and skull, characterized by the presence of the eyes, ear, nose, mouth, facial nerves, and the proximity of important the brain and the respiratory system, make this area extremely hazardous for even skilled surgeons and a dangerous mine field for residents, fellows, and surgeons in training. For scientific and teaching reasons, we planned a research project for craniofacial surgery simulation from 3-D CT images. Generally, the goal of computer-based surgery simulation is to enable a surgeon to experiment with different surgical procedures in an artificial environment. We propose a simulation method that allows one to deal with extremely complex anatomical geometries. The computational grid is the natural Cartesian grid in which the acquired 3-D image is defined. The rest of the chapter discusses theoretical basis of the linear elastic problem with embedded Dirichlet boundary conditions, the numerical approximation scheme and the solution method, and the results obtained by the application of the method to a number of datasets. We show comparisons between virtual and real operations in real patients, and consider future work.
Forced synchronization of thermoacoustic oscillations in a ducted flame (2016)

Forced synchronization is a process in which a self-excited system subjected to external forcing starts to oscillate at the forcing frequency 𝑓<sub>𝑓</sub> in place of its own natural frequency 𝑓<sub>𝑛</sub>. There are two motivations for studying this in thermoacoustics: (i) to determine how external forcing could be used to control thermoacoustic oscillations, which are harmful to many combustors; and (ii) to better understand the nonlinear interactions between self-excited hydrodynamic and thermoacoustic oscillations. In this experimental study, we examine the response of a ducted premixed flame to harmonic acoustic forcing, for two natural states of the system: (1) a state with periodic oscillations at 𝑓<sub>1</sub> and a marginally stable mode at 𝑓<sub>2</sub>; and (2) a state with quasiperiodic oscillations at two incommensurate frequencies 𝑓<sub>1</sub> and 𝑓<sub>2</sub>. When forcing the periodic state, we find that the forcing amplitude required for lock-in increases linearly with \\𝑓<sub>𝑓</sub>−𝑓<sub>1</sub>\\ and that the marginally stable mode becomes excited when 𝑓<sub>𝑓</sub>≈𝑓<sub>2</sub>. When forcing the quasiperiodic state, we find that the system locks into the forcing when 𝑓<sub>𝑓</sub>≈𝑓<sub>1</sub> or 𝑓<sub>2</sub> or 1/2(𝑓<sub>1</sub>+𝑓<sub>2</sub>). These findings should lead to improved control of periodic and aperiodic thermoacoustic oscillations in combustors.
Biodegradation of chlorinated hydrocarbons in an immobilized bed reactor (1990)

Abstract A 75 liter immobilized microbe biological reactor with a bed retention time of 20.5 hours was used in a continuous flow mode to remediate contaminated groundwater containing ethylene dichloride (EDC), tetrachloroethylene, and trichloroethylene, with EDC being the predominant contaminant. The reactor was initially seeded with Xanthobacter autotrophicus, a demonstrated halogenated aliphatic substrate utilizer. The reactor was operated for forty‐two days. Material balance determinations for primary volatile aliphatics of concern indicated an average of 90.2% mineralization of EDC, 81.7% of the trichlorethylene (TCE) and 64.0% of the tetrachlorethylene (TeCE). In addition to Xanthobacter autotrophicus, four indigenous bacterial species from the groundwater had successfully acclimated to the reactor bed.
Packaged peristaltic micropump for controlled drug delivery application (2017)

Micropump technology has evolved significantly in the last two decades and is finding a variety of applications ranging from μTAS (micro Total Analysis System) to drug delivery. However, the application area of the micropump is limited owing to: simple pumping mechanism, ease of handling, controlled (microliter to milliliter) delivery, continuous delivery, and accuracy in flow rate. Here, the author presents the design, development, characterization, and precision flow controlling of a DC-motor driven peristaltic pump for controlled drug delivery application. All the micropump components were fabricated using the conventional fabrication technique. The volume flow variation of the pump has been characterized for different viscous fluids. The change in volume flow due to change in back pressure has been presented in detail. The fail-safe mode operation of the pump has been tested and leak rate was measured (∼0.14% leak for an inlet pressure of 140 kPa) for different inlet pressures. The precision volume flow of the pump has been achieved by measuring the pinch cam position and load current. The accuracy in the volume flow has been measured after 300 rotations. Finally, the complete system has been integrated with the necessary electronics and an android application has been developed for the self-administration of bolus and basal delivery of insulin.
Thermal Radiation Properties of Carbon Fiber-Sheet. (1992)

太陽エネルギーの集熱材として有効な炭素繊維シートのふく射性質を明らかにするためにシート面に垂直に入射する光に対する指向透過率および指向反射率を、 He-Neレーザー、 タングステンランプおよび加熱ニクロム線を光源として測定した。 炭素繊維シートの透過率は光の入射方向 (φ=0°) に対して鋭く突き出た形の指向特性を示す。 半球透過率と半球反射率の和はレーザー、 タングステンランプおよび加熱ニクロム線の順で大きくなり、 CFシートは短波長成分の多い光源に対して吸収率が大きくなることがわかった。
Magnetic resonsance imaging of the cauda equina in chronic inflammatory demyelination polyneuropathy (1993)

We report a patient with biopsy proven chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy whose magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated abnormal enhancement of the cauda equina after administration of gadolinium. Enhancement may reflect alteration of the blood-nerve barrier secondary to inflammation. Magnetic resonance imaging of the cauda equina could be a useful adjunct in the early diagnosis of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy.
Nanosecond Pulsed electric field (nsPEF) : a microdosimetry study at single cell level (2009)

International audience
Structures and properties of dibridged (.mu.-oxo)diiron(III) complexes. Effects of the Fe-O-Fe angle (1990)

A series of (μ-oxo)diiron(lll) complexes of tris(2-pyridylmethy1)amine (TPA), [Fe2(TPA)2O(L)] (CIO4)n, were synthesized and characterized where L represents the bridging ligands carbonate, hydrogen maleate, diphenyl phosphate, diphenylphosphinate, maleate, and phthalate. Together with the linear dichloride complex, this series of compounds provides a unique opportunity to systematically study the effects of the Fe-0-Fe angle (125-180°) on the electronic spectral and magnetic properties of the (μ-oxo)diiron(lll) core. [Fe2(TPA)2O(CO3)](CIO4)2.2CH3OH (1) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c with a = 11.282 (7) Å, b = 18.253 (9) Å, c = 20.390 (7) Å, and β= 95.02 (4)°. The structure was determined at -50°C from 4544 out of a total of 8154 reflections with R = 0.068 and Rw = 0.080. [Fe2(TPA)2O(maleateH)](C104)3.2CH3COCH3(4) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n with a = 21.604 (6)°, b = 11.76 (1) Å, c = 22.150 (7) Å, and β = 115.62 (3)°. The structure was determined at -50°C from 4832 out of a total of 7043 reflections with R = 0.072 and Rw = 0.089. [Fe2(TPA)2O(phthalate)](C104)2CH3OH.H2O(9) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group PI with a = 12.170 (5) Å, b = 12.982 (9) Å, c = 17.070 (7) Å, ∞=115.62 (3)°, and γ=62.76 (6)°. The structure was determined at -32°C from 3592 out of a total of 8329 reflections with R = 0.059 and Rw = 0.069. X-ray crystallographic studies of 1,4, and 9 establish the presence of a doubly bridged diiron core in which complexes 1 and 4 contain distinct iron centers bridged by μ-1,3-carboxylates while 9 exhibits a symmetric diiron core bridged by a μp-1,6-phthalate. These studies also reveal that the (μ-oxo)diiron(III) core expands on going from 1 to 4 to 9 due to the increasing bites of the bridging ligands. The Fe-0-Fe bond angles of 1, 4, and 9 are 125.4, 131.0, and 143.4°, respectively, while the Fe-Fe distances are 3.196, 3.261, and 3.402 Å, respectively. 1H NMR spectra indicate that the iron(ll1) centers of 1 and 4 remain distinct in solution while 9 retains its symmetric structure. While the magnetic properties of the complexes appear to be independent of the Fe-O-Fe angle, the visible absorption features of the complexes systematically blue shift as the Fe-0-Fe angle increases. The latter trend suggests that the visible bands are dominated by oxo-to-Fe(1II) charge-transfer transitions.
The pH and Titratable Acidity of Stored CPD Blood (1981)

Department of Anaesthetics, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia