gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Excited states of tetrahedral single-core<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Si</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>29</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>nanoparticles (2004)

We dispersed bulk crystalline Si into identical hydrogenated nanoparticles with negligible impurities and defects, which provide the opportunity for detailed comparison between measurement and theory. The UV photoluminescence of a dispersion of 1 nm silicon particles was studied. Distinct bands appear in the emission spectra with the lowest peaks in wavelength identified to be at 400, 360, and 310 nm with optimal excitation at 3.7, 4.0, and 4.6 eV, respectively. The multiple photoluminescence bands are analyzed in terms of the molecularlike energy levels of one bulklike and two nonbulklike reconstruction configurations of the filled fullerene single-core ${\mathrm{Si}}_{29}{\mathrm{H}}_{24},$ calculated by quantum Monte Carlo calculations and by time-dependent density functional theory. The measured bands are in close agreement with the excited states of the ideal bulklike configuration. However, there is a possibility that some of the observed bands might originate from the nonbulklike reconstructions. The Stokes shifts are discussed in terms of radiative relaxation via the molecularlike states versus charge carrier relaxation via the underlying continuum states.
<title>Low-noise ion source for the implementation of Jet-REMPI: novel on-line monitor for process control</title> (1995)

Modern techniques for on-line process control require versatile monitoring mthods which combine high sensitivity with high selectivity. In this paper a novel REMPI-mass spectrometer is presented. In comparison to standard instruments, sensitivity is increased by shifting the ionization regime to the vicinity of thecontinuum portion ('jet') of the sample beam as opposed to the more conventional ionization under molcular beam conditions. A further gain in sensitivity is achieved by increasing the ionization volume. This was made possibl eby a complete redesign of the ion source. A very low base-line level is achieved by choosing a geometry preventing secondary ionization through thecollisions of ions/electrons with surfaces. These innovations have resulted in excellent performance from our apparatus as demonstrated by the dichorotoluene and naphtalene spectra obtained under various conditions. For naphtalene we have now a detection limit of 5 ppt (more fraction) for S/N equals 1 in 20 sec. Further developments of the technique and research needs ae discussed.
Direct Attachment of Conjugate Groups to the 5′ Terminus of Oligodeoxyribonucleotides (2000)

This unit gives protocols for the attachment of intercalating and photoreactive conjugate groups to oligodeoxyribonucleotides. Protocols are given for acridine- and psoralen-conjugated oligonucleotides, and include attachment of the linker, preparation of the phosphoramidite, coupling to the oligonucleotide, deprotection, purification, and characterization.
Estimation of External Dynamic Equivalents of a Thirteen-Machine System (1981)

Dynamic equivalents of external system are estimated from measurements within the study system. An equivalent model with damping and inertia explicitly expressed is chosen. An intentional disturbance of pulsed excitation is applied and the dynamic interaction between the external system and the study system is intensified for the estimation. The effect of intentional disturbance is restricted to the safe volatge regulation limit, yet much larger than that due to normal load fluctuations. To reduce the computational requirement, a least-squares algorithm with an adapted step-size scheme is used. The technique is applied to athirteen-machine electric power system, and the dynamic equivalents is given several short-circuit tests. The estimated equivalnets are unique for the model chosen, and the test results of the original system and the equivalent system are in good agreements.
On the use of hypodermic needles in electrospray (2013)

We present an experimental analysis of electrospray where the standard feeding capillary was re- placed with a hypodermic needle. Both the current intensity and the jet diameter were measured for a variety of leaky-dielectric liquids. The results obtained with a feeding capillary and a hypodermic needle of similar dimen- sions were compared. An increase of the liquid conductivity was measured by assuming that the electric current obeys the same scaling law in both configurations. That increase was likely due to the electrochemical reaction taking place in the needle tip.
Influence of Muzolimine, A New Diuretic, on Experimental Gentamicin Nephrotoxicity (1987)

The administration of diuretic drugs increases the nephrotoxicity of aminoglycosides. Muzolimine is a new diuretic which acts on the ascending limb of the loop of Henle and on the distal tubule. It differs from frusemide in its strong lipid binding and in its action at the antiluminal cellular pole. We attempted to determine whether muzolimine increases the nephrotoxicity of gentamicin. Four groups of Wistar rats were studied: one control group, one group treated with muzolimine (15 mg/kg), one group treated with gentamicin (20 mg/kg), and one group treated with gentamicin and muzolimine. Muzolimine induced a moderate but significant decrease in creatinine clearance, increased urinary excretion of n-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, and a slight decrease in lysosomal latency. The action of muzolimine did not reduce enzyme activities of the renal cortex (AAP, NAG, sphingomyelinase). Gentamicin induced functional renal modifications known to characterise nephrotoxicity of aminoglycosides. The association of muzolimine and gentamicin did not provoke a greater decrease of creatinine clearance or a greater decrease in enzyme activities of the renal cortex. In conclusion, muzolimine does not seem to potentiate the nephrotoxic action of gentamicin. However, we note that the association of muzolimine and gentamicin provoked a greater decrease in mitochondrial oxygen consumption than that provoked by gentamicin alone. It also induced more marked reduction of the activity of renal sphingomyelinase. This point is important when it is considered that the appearance of myelin bodies in the renal cortex is secondary to the decrease of this enzyme.
Cleavage of fibrinogen by the human neutrophil neutral peptide-generating protease. (1980)

The human neutrophil peptide-generating protease, which generates a low molecular weight vasoactive peptide from a plasma protein substrate, is directly fibrinolytic and cleaves human fibrinogen in a manner distinct from plasmin. Fibrinogen was reduced from 340,000 Mr to derivatives of 270,000-325,000 Mr during interaction with the protease at enzyme-to-substrate ratios of 0.3 or 1.0 microgram/1.0 mg. The 310,000-325,000 Mr cleavage fragments exhibited prolonged thrombin-induced clotting activity but were able to be coagulated, whereas the 270,000-290,000 Mr fragments were not able to be coagulated. Anticoagulants were not generated at either enzyme dose. As analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in 4-30% gradient gels and 10% gels stained for protein and carbohydrate, the diminution to 310,000-325,000 Mr and the prolongation of thrombin-induced clotting time resulted from cleavage of the fibrinogen A alpha chain. The further decrease in size to 270,000-290,000 Mr was associated with B beta-chain and gamma-chain cleavage and an inability to form gamma-gamma dimers. The neutral peptide-generating protease, a distinct human neutrophil neutral protease with fibrinolytic and fibrinogenolytic activities comparable to those of plasmin on a weight basis, cleaves fibrinogen in a manner that is distinct from the action of plasmin, leukocyte elastase, and leukocyte granule extracts. It may be that the concerted action of this neutrophil protease to generate a vasoactive peptide and to digest fibrinogen and fibrin facilitates neutrophil movement through vascular and extravascular sites.
Image encryption by redirection and cyclical shift (2015)

In this paper, we present a novel method for encrypting and decrypting large amounts of data such as two-dimensional (2-D) images, both gray-scale and color, without the loss of information, and using private keys of varying lengths. The proposed method is based on the concept of the tensor representation of an image and splitting the 2-D discrete Fourier transform (DFT) by one-dimensional (1-D) DFTs of signals from the tensor representation, or transform. The splitting of the transform is accomplished in a three-dimensional (3-D) space, namely on the 3-D lattice placed on the torus. Each splitting-signal of the image defines the 2-D DFT along the frequency-points located on the spirals on the torus. Spirals have different form and cover the lattice on the torus in a complex form, which makes them very effective when moving data through and between the spirals, and data along the spirals. The encryption consists of several iterative applications of mapping the 3-D torus into several ones of smaller sizes, and rotates then moves the data around the spirals on all tori. The encryption results in the image which is uncorrelated. The decryption algorithm uses the encrypted data, and processes them in inverse order with an identical number of iterations. The proposed method can be extended to encrypt and decrypt documents as well as other types of digital media. Simulation results of the purposed method are presented to show the performance for image encryption.
Virus Detection on a Planar Optofluidic chip (2007)

We present the first detection of fluorescently labeled Qbeta phage viruses on a planar integrated optofluidic chip. Detection sensitivities on the order of 1000 viruses within an 85 femtoliter excitation volume have been achieved.
Clinical utility of level-of-evidence-1 disease forecast cancer biomarkers uPA and its inhibitor PAI-1 (2010)

The prognostic and/or predictive value of the cancer biomarkers, urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and its inhibitor (plasminogen activator inhibitor [PAI]-1), determined by ELISA in tumor-tissue extracts, was demonstrated for several cancer types in numerous clinically relevant retrospective or prospective studies, including a multicenter breast cancer therapy trial (Chemo-N0). Consequently, for the first time ever for any cancer biomarker for breast cancer, uPA and PAI-1 have reached the highest level of evidence, level-of-evidence-1. At present, two other breast cancer therapy trials, NNBC-3 and Plan B, also incorporating uPA and PAI-1 as treatment-assignment tools are in effect. Furthermore, small synthetic molecules targeting uPA are currently in Phase II clinical trials in patients afflicted with advanced cancer of the ovary, breast or pancreas.
Site-specific inter-strand cross-links of DNA duplexes (2013)

We report the development of technology that allows inter-strand coupling across various positions within one turn of DNA. Four 2'-modified nucleotides were synthesized as protected phosphoramidites and incorporated into DNA oligonucleotides. The modified nucleotides contain either 5-atom or 16-atom linker components, with either amine or carboxylic acid functional groups at their termini, forming 10 or 32 atom (11 or 33 bond) linkages. Chemical coupling of the amine and carboxylate groups in designed strands resulted in the formation of an amide bond. Coupling efficiency as a function of trajectory distance between the individual linker components was examined. For those nucleotides capable of forming inter-strand cross-links (ICLs), coupling yields were found to depend on temperature, distance, and linker length, enabling several approaches that can control regioselective linkage. In the most favorable cases, the coupling yields are quantitative. Spectroscopic measurements of strands that were chemically cross-linked indicate that the global structure of the DNA duplex does not appear to be distorted from the B form after coupling. Thermal denaturing profiles of those strands were shifted to somewhat higher temperatures than those of their respective control duplexes. Thus, the robust amide ICLs formed by this approach are site-specific, do not destabilize the rest of the duplex, and only minimally perturb the secondary structure.
Dopamine D4 receptor exon III alleles and variation of novelty seeking in alcoholics (1997)

A dysfunction of dopaminergic neurotansmission has been implicated in alcohol-seeking behavior. Recently, a significant association between the seven-repeat allele (DRD4*7R) of a 16 amino acid motif in the third exon of the dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) and the personality trait of novelty seeking has been reported. Our population-based association study tested the hypothesis that the DRD4*7R variant predisposes to high levels of novelty seeking, which may underlie alcohol-seeking behavior. The genotypes of the expressed DRD4 exon III polymorphism were determined in 197 German controls and 252 German alcohol-dependent males, of whom 92 alcoholics completed the tridimensional personality questionnaire. We found no significant differences in the DRD4*7R frequencies between controls and alcoholics, including two subgroups (56 alcoholics with dissocial personality disorder according to ICD-10 and 89 alcoholics with severe withdrawal symptoms) with a high level of novelty seeking. The novelty-seeking scores did not differ significantly between alcoholics (including both subgroups) carrying long alleles with six or more repeats compared with those lacking long alleles. The present results do not provide evidence that the DRD4*7R allele contributes a common and relevant effect to alcohol-seeking behavior in our sample of alcoholics.
Electrostrictive and Piezoelectric Behavior of PMN-PT Thin Films (2007)

Abstract The piezoelectric and elestrostrictive properties of (1 - x) PMN-xPT thin films with compositions 90/10 and 70/30 have been investigated. These materials exhibit mostly electrostrictive and piezoelectric behaviour in bulk materials. It is demonstrated that with conventional annealing the pure perovskite phase is realised at very low temperature (400°C) for both compositions. The effect of x on properties of (1 - x) PMN-xPT thin films elaborated at optimal annealed temperature (600°C) is reported. We show that electromechanical response is a mixing of electrostrictive and piezoelectric response for the two compositions. However, as it is readily understood, piezoelectric contribution is larger for 70/30. Keywords: Relaxor ferroelectricpiezoelectricityelectrostrictionthin films
Biological Activity of an l-Epimer of d-α-Tocopheryl Acetate<sup>*</sup> (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBiological Activity of an l-Epimer of d-α-Tocopheryl Acetate*Stanley R. Ames, Marion I. Ludwig, Donald R. Nelan, and Charles D. RobesonCite this: Biochemistry 1963, 2, 1, 188–190Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00901a034https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00901a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views64Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Screening for Cobalamin Deficiency in Geriatric Outpatients: Prevalence and Influence of Synthetic Cobalamin Intake (2002)

Regular use of a multivitamin/synthetic Cbl source confers some degree of protection against Cbl deficiency in older adults. The relatively high prevalence rates and benefit of synthetic Cbl intake in this study reinforce recommendations that older adults should be screened for Cbl deficiency and should incorporate synthetic sources of Cbl as part of a balanced diet. Appropriate screening intervals and the optimal dose of supplemental Cbl to prevent Cbl deficiency remains to be determined.
Low cost fabrication of ablative heat shields (1972)

A material and process study was performed using subscale panels in an attempt to reduce the cost of fabricating ablative heat shield panels. Although no improvements were made in the material formulation, a significant improvement was obtained in the processing methods compared to those employed in the previous work. The principal feature of the new method is the press filling and curing of the ablation material in a single step with the bonding and curing of the face sheet. This method was chosen to replace the hand troweling and autoclave curing procedure used previously. Double-curvature panels of the same size as the flat panels were fabricated to investigate fabrication problems. It was determined that the same materials and processes used for flat panels can be used to produce the curved panels. A design with severe curvatures consisting of radii of 24 x 48 inches was employed for evaluation. Ten low-density and ten high-density panels were fabricated. With the exception of difficulties related to short run non-optimum tooling, excellent panel filling and density uniformity were obtained.
Use of first derivative of geometric features in visual servoing (2002)

Visual servoing is based on an array of measurements taken from a set of images and used each time as an error function to compute a control vector. This is applied to the system (robot and camera) and makes it move in order to reach a desired situation, at the end of the task, directly depicted in the image. The originality of this recent work consists in improving the visual servoing approach. To do this, we consider a signal sensor vector constructed of a geometrical feature ((x,y) point coordinates, line parameters, etc.) and its first derivative. In this paper, we show how to work out the interaction matrix. We have tested this new approach on a workstation in the case of the point feature. We have also implemented it on our robotic platform. The overall results show a great improvement due to the action of this new signal sensor. We are extending this approach to more complex features.
Chirped pulse amplification of 300 fs pulses in an alexandrite regenerative amplifier (1989)

The amplification of femtosecond dye laser pulses up to the 3.5-mJ level in an alexandrite regenerative amplifier is discussed. An expansion/compression system using diffraction gratings allows chirped amplification techniques to be used to produce peak powers upwards of 1 GW. Limitations in the chirped pulse amplification of ultrashort pulses due to intracavity dispersive elements are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Capturing an Omnidirectional Evader in Convex Environments using a Differential Drive Robot (2015)

We study the problem of capturing an Omnidirectional Evader in convex environments using a Differential Drive Robot (DDR). The DDR wins the game if at any time instant it captures (collides with) the evader. The evader wins if it can avoid capture forever. Both players are unit disks with the same maximum (bounded) speed, but the DDR can only change its motion direction at a bounded rate. We show that despite this limitation, the DDR can capture the evader.
SU-E-T-732: Accuracy of Electron Dose from Pencil-Beam Redefinition Algorithm in Patient-Like 2D Phantoms (2011)

Purpose: To evaluate the accuracy of electron dose calculated using the pencil-beam redefinition algorithm (PBRA) in patient-like 2D phantoms. With the recent availability of bolus electron conformal therapy (ECT), conforming of the 90% dose surface to the planning target volume (PTV) might require a more accurate dose calculation than the Hogstrom pencil beam algorithm (PBA). Methods: PBRA-calculated dose distributions have been compared to those previously measured in three cylindrical phantoms (retromolar trigone, maxillary sinus, and nose), whose axial cross sections were based on the mid-PTV CT anatomy for each site. The phantoms consisted of SR4 muscle substitute, SR4 bone substitute, and air. TLD measured doses were reported for a matrix of locations in the SR4 muscle only. Current CT scan data was used for planning with CT to stopping and scattering power tables created based on the chemical compositions and current densities of the materials. Differences between PBRA-calculated and measured dose were expressed as distance-to-dose agreement in regions of high dose gradient (90%–10%) and as a percent of given dose elsewhere. Results: Results from the PBRA for the retromolar trigone phantom showed 100% (27/27) TLD dose points within 5% and 95% (19/20) within 4mm. Similar results for the maxillary sinus phantom showed 79% (26/33) and 100% (19/19), respectively, and results forthe nose showed 96%(23/24) and 100% (38/38), respectively. For each phantom, results were better than previously reported PBA results, e.g. results for the nose showed 81% (26/32) and 60% (18/30), respectively. Dose calculation times for the three sites (single 2.93GHz) were 1min, 45sec, and 1min. Conclusions: Results of this study were consistent with those previously reported, namely that the PBRA is more accurate than the PBA and that it should be suitable for clinical situations where dose accuracy is more important, e.g. bolus ECT. This work was supported in part by a research agreement with .decimal Inc.
AM251 Suppresses Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells (2016)

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of renal tubular epithelial cells is one of the causative mechanisms of kidney fibrosis. In our study, we screened lipophilic compounds using a lipid library including approximately 200 lipids to identify those that suppressed EMT induced by a transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 stimulus. Initial screening was performed with the immortalized HK-2 renal tubule epithelial cell line. The most promising compounds were further tested in RPTEC primary renal tubule epithelial cells. We found that the synthetic lipid AM251 suppressed two hallmark events associated with EMT, the upregulation of collagen 1A1 (COL1A1) and downregulation of E-cadherin. Though AM251 is known to act as an antagonist for the cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1) and an agonist for the G protein-coupled receptor 55 (GRP55), the suppression of EMT by AM251 was not mediated through either receptor. Microarray analyses revealed that AM251 inhibited induction of several EMT transcription factors such as SNAIL1, which is the key inducer of EMT, and the AP-1 transcription factors FOSB and JUNB. Activation of SMAD2/3 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) was inhibited by AM251, with greater inhibition of the latter, indicating that AM251 acted upstream of SMAD/p38 MAPK in the TGF-β signaling pathway. Our findings regarding the effects of AM251 on the TGF-β signaling pathway may inform development of a novel therapeutic agent suppressing EMT, thus preventing kidney fibrosis.