gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Laser-Beam-Induced Ultrasonic Waves in Glass (1965)

Ultrasonic waves have been produced in samples of various glasses by passing a Q-spoiled laser beam through the sample. The ultrasonic waves were observed at a frequency arbitrarily chosen as 266 kc/sec, but in general they consist of a broad spectrum. Various theoretical explanations have been explored, and the most palusible one has been found to be that of Chiao, Townes, and Stoicheff [Phys. Rev. Letters 12, 592 (1964)] and Garmire, Pandarese, and Townes [ibid. 11, 160 (1963)], originally formulated to explain the production of hypersonic waves through electrostriction at larger energy densities. The theoretical prediction is that the effect should grow linearly with the laser-beam intensity and increase very rapidly with the index of refraction.
Vibration: Fundamentals and Practice, Second Edition (2006)

Maintaining the outstanding features and practical approach that led the bestselling first edition to become a standard textbook in engineering classrooms worldwide, Clarence de Silva's Vibration: Fundamentals and Practice, Second Edition remains a solid instructional tool for modeling, analyzing, simulating, measuring, monitoring, testing, control
Avoiding negative appendectomies in rural surgical practice: is C-reactive protein estimation useful as a diagnostic tool? (2011)

CRP estimation complements the clinical diagnosis by a consultant surgeon, and should be included in the diagnostic work-up of appendicitis. CRP estimation is inexpensive and does not add an undue burden to the cost of management.
Female fitness in<i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>: an interaction between the effect of nutrition and of encounter rate with males (1996)

Female Drosophila melanogaster were maintained at five levels of nutrition, with either continuous or intermittent exposure to males. Remaining frequency increased with nutrition and was higher with continuous exposure to males. Age-specific and lifetime egg production increased with increasing nutrition, but lifespan peaked at intermediate nutrition. Females on the three highest nutritional levels showed a cost of mating in reduced survival, but only at the highest food level did this reduced lifespan lead to a significant cost of mating for lifetime egg production. The data suggest that remating frequencies in laboratory cultures may evolve to a low enough level for the cost of mating to be only weakly expressed, if at all. Further data are required to assess the importance of the cost of mating in natural populations, where the evolution of low remating frequencies might be expected to be opposed by other costs.
Phase-Reduction Approach to Synchronization of Spatiotemporal Rhythms in Reaction-Diffusion Systems (2015)

Reaction-diffusion systems can describe a wide class of rhythmic spatiotemporal patterns observed in chemical and biological systems, such as circulating pulses on a ring, oscillating spots, target waves, and rotating spirals. These rhythmic dynamics can be considered limit cycles of reaction-diffusion systems. However, the conventional phase-reduction theory, which provides a simple unified framework for analyzing synchronization properties of limit-cycle oscillators subjected to weak forcing, has mostly been restricted to low-dimensional dynamical systems. Here, we develop a phase-reduction theory for stable limit-cycle solutions of infinite-dimensional reaction-diffusion systems. By generalizing the notion of isochrons to functional space, the phase sensitivity function - a fundamental quantity for phase reduction - is derived. For illustration, several rhythmic dynamics of the FitzHugh-Nagumo model of excitable media are considered. Nontrivial phase response properties and synchronization dynamics are revealed, reflecting their complex spatiotemporal organization. Our theory will provide a general basis for the analysis and control of spatiotemporal rhythms in various reaction-diffusion systems.
Anonymizing Query Logs by Differential Privacy (2016)

Query logs are valuable resources for Information Retrieval (IR) research. However, because they are also rich in private and personal information, the huge concern of leaking user privacy prevents query logs from being shared from the search companies to the broad research community. Bothered by the lack of good research data for years, the authors of this paper are motivated to explore ways to generate anonymized query logs that can still be effectively used to support the search task. We introduce a framework to anonymize query logs by differential privacy, the latest development in privacy research. The framework is empirically evaluated against multiple search algorithms on their retrieval utility, measured in standard IR evaluation metrics, using the anonymized logs. The experiments show that our framework is able to achieve a good balance between retrieval utility and privacy.
Production of Large Area High Current Ion Beams (1972)

A newly designed microwave ion source has produced with a hydrogen ion beam up to 0.5 A steady state operation with ion energy of 1 keV. The 4 cm diam extraction electrodes are multiple apertures and are arranged in an accel-decel arrangement. Maximum divergence is 2° from the beam axis. The beam is 85% molecular ions, of which either the diatomic or triatomic component can be maximized by an adjustment of the gas fed to a discharge region. The source is technologically simple, inexpensive, and long lived. The basic concepts underlying the production of ion beams are described.
Efficacy of a single-dose ondansetron for preventing post-operative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic cholecystectomy with sevoflurane and remifentanil infusion anaesthesia. (2002)

In this randomized study we compared the efficacy of ondansetron 4 mg with ondansetron 8 mg for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy with sevoflurane and remifentanil infusion anaesthesia. Sixty patients were randomized to receive ondansetron 8 mg (30 pts) or ondansetron 4 mg (30 pts) before the induction of anaesthesia with thiopental and remifentanil. Anaesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane (0.5 MAC), oxygen and remifentanil infusion (0.25, 0.35, 0.5 microg/kg/min). Postoperative analgesia was provided by intravenous ketorolac 60 mg. The incidence of PONV, the pain score, and the analgesic requirement were recorded for 24 hours. There was no difference among groups in patient characteristics, risk factors for PONV, or side effects. During the first 6 h postoperatively, the incidence of PONV after ondansetron 4 mg and 8 mg were similar (p < 0.001). After 6 h the incidence of PONV increased significantly in patients who had received ondansetron 4 mg (p = 0.01) and was greater than that in patients who had received ondansetron 8 mg (p = 0.001). We conclude that single-dose ondansetron 8 mg is more effective than ondansetron 4 mg in the prevention of PONV after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. This surgery is associated with a high incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting. A single dose of IV ondansetron 8 mg is well tolerated and decrease the number of nausea and vomiting episodes after surgery.
[Three dimensional Finite Element Analysis of the Effects of Posts and Cores with Different Angles] (2000)

OBJECTIVE:The test is an analogue of the conditions that cast post and core can be made with different angles to get the core incline lingually or facially in clinic, so that the arrangement of the anterior teeth may be improved.METHODS:Analyse the stress distribution and concentration in the dentin of posts and cores with different angles by Ansys three dimensional finite element stress analysis method.RESULTS:The stress in root was positively related to the angles between the load and the axis of the tooth, the stress distributoin in dentin was related to the direction of the core but not related to the angles. The closer the distance from the load to cemento enamel junction,the greater the effect of the load on the stress in dentin.CONCLUSION:When the cast post and core with angle was used to rectify the facially malpositional maxillary anterior teeth, the core should not be inclined lingually excessively. It is important to assure the thickness of the facial and lingual canal wall during tooth preparing and to adjust the occlusion so that the root fracture can be avoided.
TiO2包覆对LiCo(下标 1/3)Ni(下标 1/3)Mn(下标 1/3)O2材料的表面改性 (2009)

A method to improve the cycling performance of LiCo(subscript 1/3)Ni(subscript 1/3)Mn(subscript 1/3)O2 in lithium-ion batteries by coating with TiO2 using an in-situ dipping and hydrolyzing method was presented in this work. The effect of the TiO2 coating on the structure and electrochemical properties of LiCo(subscript 1/3)Ni(subscript 1/3)Mn(subscript 1/3)O2 was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), and galvanostatic charge/discharge testing. TiO2 forms a layer on the surface of LiCo(subscript 1/3)Ni(subscript 1/3)Mn(subscript 1/3)O2 without destroying the structure of the core material. The TiO2-coated LiCo(subscript 1/3)Ni(subscript 1/3)Mn(subscript 1/3)O2 possesses better rate capability and cyclability than the uncoated material. The capacity of the TiO2-coated material at 5.0C (1.0C=160 mA•g^(-1)) reaches 66.0% of that achieved at 0.2C, while the capacity of the uncoated LiCo(subscript 1/3)Ni(subscript 1/3)Mn(subscript 1/3)O2 obtains a value of only 31.5%. The rate of capacity retention after 12 cycles at 2.0C for the coated sample is about 100%, which is much better than that of the uncoated material (94.4%). EIS shows that the reason for this improvement in the capacity of the coated material is the enhanced interface stability during cycling. XRD and ICP-OES tests taken after cycling indicate that the TiO2-coating can enhance the structural stability of LiCo(subscript 1/3)Ni(subscript 1/3)Mn(subscript 1/3)O2.
Integrating unified communications and internet of M-health things with micro wireless physiological sensors (2014)

This study establishes Unified Communications (UC) platform integrated with Internet of m-health Things (m-IoT) architecture, which can be applied to healthcare. Using micro wireless physiological sensors combined with smart mobile devices, that is able to implement patients immediate monitoring, first aid, tracking, analysis, diagnosis, alarm-triggering, locating and collaboration with medical healthcare. Converging data, voice, video, multimedia messaging elements into WBAN, WSN, WLAN, Internet, PSTN and Social Networks, which integrates vital signs, including heart rate, respiratory rate, ECG, body temperature, posture, activity rate, GPS location, street scene and live background recording feedback into different heterogeneous platforms to make a seamless compatibility ubiquitous architecture, and thus it conducts correlation analysis, computing, statistics and comparison. In this communication architecture, it ensures that caregivers could monitor patients at anytime and anywhere through any communication tools, media, devices and platforms. Caregivers could instantly provide proper medical diagnosis or emergency medical care without limited to distance, space and time. This study improved the communication architecture of traditional mobile healthcare, monitoring methods and warning mechanisms, which also offers effective, real-time, multi-channel, group broadcasting and two way communication architecture to reduce cooperative medical care cost and enhance the effectiveness of communications services. Looking to introduce Unified Communications technologies for mobile healthcare in order to increase mobile medical service quality, and then open a wider range of applications and research breakthroughs.
Metabolism, pharmacokinetics and excretion of a potent tachykinin NK1 receptor antagonist (CP-122,721) in rat: Characterization of a novel oxidative pathway (2006)

The metabolism, pharmacokinetics and excretion of a potent and selective substance P receptor antagonist, (+)-(2S,3S)-3-(2-methoxy-5-trifluoromethoxybenzlamino)-2-phenylpiperidine, CP-122,721, have been studied in rat following oral administration of a single dose of [14C]CP-122,721. Total recovery of the administered dose was 84.1+/-1.1% for male rat and 80.9+/-2.7% for female rat. Approximately 81% of the administered radioactivity recovered in urine and faeces were excreted in the first 72 h. Absorption of CP-122,721 was rapid in both male and female rat, as indicated by the rapid appearance of radioactivity in plasma. The plasma concentrations of total radioactivity were always much greater than unchanged drug, indicating early formation of metabolites. CP-122,721 t1/2 was 3.1 and 2.2 h for male and female rat, respectively. The plasma concentrations of CP-122,721 reached a peak of 941 and 476 ng ml-1 for male and female rat, respectively, at 0.5 h post-dose. Based on AUC0-tlast, only 1.5% of the circulating radioactivity was attributable to unchanged drug (average of male and female rats) and the balance, approximately 98.5% of the plasma radioactivity was due to metabolites. The major metabolic pathways of CP-122,721 were due to O-demethylation, aromatic hydroxylation and indirect glucuronidation. The minor metabolic pathways included aliphatic oxidation at the piperidine moiety and aliphatic oxidation at the benzylic position of the trifluoromethoxy anisole moiety. In addition, a novel oxidative metabolite resulting from ipso substitution by the oxygen atom and trifluoromethoxy elimination followed by glucuronide conjugation was also identified.
METABOLIC EFFECTS OF HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE AND GROWTH HORMONE OF OTHER SPECIES IN MAN (1960)

The metabolic effects of human growth hormone were investigated under varied clinical conditions in 15 balance studies on 10 subjects. Nitrogen retention occurred uniformly, the amount varying from 2 to 4 Gm. daily. Potassium and phosphorus were likewise retained, but in over half the studies, in amounts greater than those calculated from the nitrogen retention. This suggested the deposition of parenchymal tissue rather than muscle tissue. Hypercalciuria and sodium chloride retention often accompanied the administration of human growth hormone. Growth hormone was effective in the hypothyroid subject. Neither increased nor decreased adrenal function altered the anabolic effect. Sheep and whale growth hormone were metabolically inactive in single trials. Nine studies with chymotrypsinized beef growth hormone likewise failed to indicate anabolic activity.
Anwendung von Harzaustauschern zur präparativen Darstellung freier Säuren und ihrer Salze (1949)

Abstract Es wird die präparative Darstellung freier Säuren durch Umsetzung ihrer Alkalisalze mit dem Harzaustauscher Wofatit KS beschrieben. Als Beispiele werden angeführt: Rhodanwasserstoffsäure, unterphosphorige Säure, Monoamidophosphorsäure und Triphosphorsäure. Das Verfahren kann auch für die Gewinnung anderer Säuren angewendet werden. Aus den erhaltenen Säurelösungen können leicht Salze dargestellt werden, die sonst schwer zugänglich sind.
The Development and Characterization of Resistance to Carbamate Insecticides in the House Fly, Musca domestica1 (1961)

Two subcolonies of a house fly strain of near normal susceptibility to all insecticides except to members of the cyclodiene group were selected with Isolan® (1-isopropyl-3-methylpyrazolyl-(5)-dimethylcarbamate) and Compound III (3-isopropylphenyl N-methylcarbamate), respectively, during all life stages. After 20 generations of selection with Isolan, a 7- and 19.5-fold resistance to this compound was present in adults and larvae, respectively. Selection with Compound III resulted, respectively, in > 50- and 7.5-fold resistance in these stages. Injection of Compound III indicated a 4.9-fold level of adult resistance. Cross-resistance in the selected strains was nearly complete to carbamates of the general formula where R- was either 2-isopropyl, S-isopropyl, 2-isopropoxy, or 3-tert-butyl; to Pyrolan® (1-phenyl-3-methylpyrazolyl-(5)-dimethylcarbamate); and to Sevin® (1-naphthyl N-methylcarbamate). Cross-resistance to 3,5-dimethoxyphenyl N-methylcarbamate and phenyl N,N-dimethylcarbamate was approximately 10- and S-fold, respectively. Both carbamate-selected strains showed low cross-tolerance ((3-fold) to DDT, Prolan®(1,1-bis (p-chlorophenyl)-2-nitropropane), parathion, Chlorthion®(O-(3-chloro-4-nitrophenyl) O, O-dimethyl phosphorothioate) and dicapthon, and higher cross-tolerance or low cross-resistance (3-to 6-fold) to methoxychlor, malathion, Diazinon® (O, O-diethyl 0-(2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-pyrimidinyl) phosphorothioate), ronnel and allethrin. Chlorinated hydrocarbon and organophosphorus insecticide-resistant strains manifested cross-resistance levels toward carbamates approximating those exhibited by the carbamate-selected strains. In all cross-resistance tests, some specificity within the N-methyl and N,N-dimethyl carbamate groups was evident. Cross-tolerance to either Isolan or Compound III in combination with piperonyl butoxide (1:5 ratio) was <6- and <3-fold, respectively, in all resistant strains, regardless of history of exposure. Selection of the Compound III-resistant strain for eight additional generations with Compound III plus piperonyl butoxide resulted in only threefold tolerance to this combination.
Electromigration induced ductile-to-brittle transition in lead-free solder joints (2006)

The effect of electromigration on ductile-to-brittle transition in flip chip solder joints has been studied using one-dimensional bamboo-type samples of eutectic 95.5Sn–3.8Ag–0.7Cu solder joined by Cu wires at two ends. Both electrical current and tensile stress were applied to the samples either in serial or in parallel. In serial tests, the strain rate was 6×10−3. In parallel test, the creep stress was 7MPa. The current density applied was (1–5)×103A∕cm2. The working temperature was 100–150°C. In both tests, the authors observed the ductile-to-brittle transition in which the fracture migrates from the middle to the cathode interface of the joint with increasing current density and time. The transition is explained by the polarity effect of electromigration, especially the accumulation of vacancies at the cathode interface.
A 4/7 kHz audio bandwidth selectable digital phone interface (DPI) chip with on-chip analog functions and modem (1994)

The Digital Phone Interface (DPI) is designed for a new generation of digital telephone terminals for private exchanges, This circuit gives a total solution for all telephone functions, thereby including DSP functions, voice coding/decoding and analog front end, signal generators for DTMF and ringing, a modem for data transfer between terminal and exchange and a multitude of interfaces to communicate to the external world. Besides the normal earpiece micro and speaker, handsfree operation is available by using a selectable input low-noise microphone amplifier and an additional 50 /spl Omega/ mWLS driver. For the handsfree operation, a digital AGC and anti-oscillation (anti-larsen) function is implemented. The line modem generates a modified RTZ (WAL2) code and is able to cover distances up to 1.5 km. In addition, the component is extensible with external signal processing modules (echo cancelling) and is also able to transfer a 7 kHz speech bandwidth. The device is a mixed analog/digital design produced in a 1.2 /spl mu/m CMOS technology on 46 mm/sup 2/ die area and consumes 200 mW.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
THE ULTRAVIOLET ABSORPTION SPECTRA OF SUBSTITUTED PYRAZOLES (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE ULTRAVIOLET ABSORPTION SPECTRA OF SUBSTITUTED PYRAZOLESDONALD S. NOYCE, ELLIOTT RYDER JR., and BRADFORD H. WALKERCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1955, 20, 12, 1681–1686Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01364a013https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01364a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views525Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Particle-detection on glass substrates and thin film magnetic storage disks (1990)

A new device suitable for the detection of defects down to the submicrometer regime on both low- and high-reflectivity surfaces is presented. The major components of the system are a laser beam, which is focused onto the surface to be tested, a rotational and a linear state, which allow scanning of the sample, and a rotational ellipsoid, which focuses the light scattered from the sample onto the detector. Results obtained from blank glass substrates, highly reflective metal surfaces, and carbon protective layers are presented. Data that prove that the system is also suitable for an indirect quality control of liquid process media, which are required for cleaning, and lubrication, are given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Azathioprine-related pancreatitis in patients with Crohn's disease. (1979)

Pancreatitis developed in 6 patients in the National Cooperative Crohn's Disease Study. In five of these the diagnosis was confirmed by elevated levels of seum amylase or lipase. All cases were in the 113 patients who received azathioprine and occurred within the first 21 days of treatment. This incidence of pancreatitis was significantly greater than in the patients treated with sulfasalazine, prednisone, or placebo (P less than 0.01).
Predicting the severity of radiation skin reactions in women with breast cancer. (1998)

The findings will assist in individualizing the assessment, education, and management of women undergoing radiation therapy for breast cancer. Further research could lead to the development of a method of risk assessment for skin reactions for use in radiation therapy nursing.