gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mesure du travail de sortie du système BI/BI (0001) (1984)

La mesure de la variation du travail de sortie ΔΦ de couches minces de bismuth (0001) (épaisseur ~ 250 Å) en fonction du recouvrement θ en bismuth (0 < θ ≲ 2,5 MC) a été effectuée à différentes températures T (22 ≤ T ≤ 420 K). A l'aide d'un modèle de Topping modifié, les résultats pour les faibles recouvrements (θ ≲ 0,5 MC) nous permettent de déterminer le moment dipolaire effectif moyen p eff par adatome et d'estimer sa polarisabilité effective α. Nous obtenons : peff (22 K) = (0,29 ± 0,02) D, p eff (76 K) = (0,14 ± 0,02) D, peff (100 K) = (0,03 ± 0,02) D et α = (89 ± 6) Å3. Dans cette notation p eff (22 K) correspond au moment dipolaire p0 d'un adatome de bismuth isolé sur une terrasse (0001) de bismuth. De plus, nous proposons une interprétation des courbes ΔΦ(θ)T dans la gamme de recouvrement considérée à l'aide d'un modèle de croissance de la couche adsorbée dépendant de la température du substrat. Ce modèle est semblable à celui utilisé pour l'interprétation des variations de la résistance électrique de ce même système.
Programming Collaborative Web Applications with Microsoft Exchange 2000 Server (2000)

From the Publisher:
Microsoft Exchange 2000 Server enables a wide range of collaborative activities, including group scheduling, team customer and task lists, document routing, and discussion groups that are designed to help knowledge workers become more productive. Exchange 2000 significantly expands the Exchange infrastructure for collaboration and business applications through its use of the new Web Store. 
The Web Store provides a single point of management and collaboration for knowledge stored and shared through e-mail, documents, and applications. It integrates Web content such as Web pages, rich storage for documents, extensive messaging and collaboration services, and complete application hosting and workflow services. 
The Exchange platform has an increasingly strong story for developers in the enterprise. A few companies, such as ECMS and MicroEye, are making progress toward building large scale collaboration applications on Exchange, and their visible success has served to validate the potential of the platform.
John of Murs and the Treatise <i>Autores kalendarii</i> (1317): A Problem of Authorship (2015)

Der Artikel behandelt die Urheberschaft des 1317 entstandenen Traktats ‘Autores kalendarii’, der in der Forschung gemeinhin als ein Werk des Astronomen und Musiktheoretikers Johannes de Muris gilt. Anhand einer Analyse der Textüberlieferung und eines eingehenden Vergleichs mit den gesicherten Werken des Johannes de Muris werden gewichtige Einwände gegen diese These dargebracht und dafür plädiert, den Traktat fortan als anonymes Werk zu betrachten. Ein Appendix behandelt die Frage der Datierung von Johannes’ ‘Sermo de regulis computistarum’.
Interleukin-1 beta- and forskolin-induced synthesis and secretion of group II phospholipase A2 and prostaglandin E2 in rat mesangial cells is prevented by transforming growth factor-beta 2. (1992)

Interleukin-1 beta and forskolin induce prostaglandin E2 release as well as 14-kDa group II phospholipase A2 gene expression and secretion of the enzyme from rat glomerular mesangial cells. We now report that pretreatment of mesangial cells with transforming growth factor-beta 2 prior to stimulation with interleukin-1 beta or forskolin inhibits the induced release of prostaglandin E2. At the same time the secretion of group II phospholipase A2, measured both as enzyme activity with sn-2-labeled phosphatidylethanolamine as substrate and as enzyme protein in immunoblot experiments, is dose-dependently inhibited by pretreatment of the cells with transforming growth factor-beta 2. Analyses of enzyme activity and enzyme protein levels in the cells indicated that this is not due to inhibition of enzyme secretion with a concomitant increase in cellular levels of the enzyme. Rather, pretreatment of the cells with transforming growth factor-beta 2 largely prevented both the interleukin-1 beta- and the forskolin-induced synthesis of phospholipase A2. This is the first report indicating an inhibition of group II phospholipase A2 gene expression by transforming growth factor-beta 2. In line with those results, transforming growth factor-beta 2 did not induce the synthesis and secretion of group II phospholipase A2. However, under conditions where the interleukin-1 beta-induced expression of group II phospholipase A2 is fully suppressed by transforming growth factor-beta 2, the growth factor itself stimulated prostaglandin E2 synthesis by a mechanism apparently not involving group II phospholipase A2. The immunochemical identification of the inducible and secretable phospholipase A2 from rat mesangial cells as a group II enzyme was confirmed by purification and N-terminal amino acid sequence determination.
Decreased Spermatogenesis as the Result of an Induced Autoimmune Reaction Directed Against the Gonadotropin Receptors in Male Rats (1997)

The presence of luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone is considered critical for the maintenance of spermatogenesis in the rat. However, the role and importance of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in the initiation and maintenance of spermatogenesis has been a subject of debate for some time. The objective of this study was to examine the role of FSH and LH in vivo in the developing and adult rat by inducing an autoimmune reaction against the receptors to these gonadotropins. Sperm numbers were reduced in animals immunized against either the FSH or LH receptor (FSHR/LHR). In animals immunized against both FSHR and LHR there was also a significant reduction in sperm number although spermatogenesis was never completely ablated. These results were seen in male rats immunized either prepubertally (18 days of age) or as adults (80 days of age). To examine the requirements for FSH in early postnatal-testicular development, pregnant females were also immunized against either FSHR, LHR, or both of the receptors, and the male offspring were examined at 30 days of age. Again, germ-cell number was decreased with the greatest effect in those pups whose mothers were immunized against both FSHR and LHR. Radioligand-receptor-binding assays revealed that the antibody produced in the rats against FSHR was able to compete with FSH for binding sites in receptor-membrane preparations. Therefore, the mechanism of disruption of spermatogenesis is probably due to suppression of hormone to receptor binding. The results of this study support a role for FSH in spermatogenesis not only during neonatal and early postnatal development but also in the adult animal.
A Balancing and Monitoring System for Battery Cell Stacks in Electrical Vehicles (2008)

In this report, different methods for balancing and monitoring battery cells are discussed and evaluated. The chosen method is built in a modular approach which enables the system to be extended to any number of cells. The goal has also been to make the system cheap and simple, but still powerful and efficient. During the summer and autumn semester 2008 the system was designed, constructed and tested by the author at Aros Electronics AB located in Mölndal, Sweden. The cell balancing and monitoring functionality was needed in an electrical demonstration vehicle together with Aros’ electrical motor and motor controller. The system is able to determine the state of charge of the battery cells by measuring their voltage with an accuracy of about 10 mV. It is also able to transfer charge between two adjacent cells with a power of up to 11.5 W and with an efficiency of up to 80 %. Nine cards were created for the lithium ion battery stack of ten cells. The cards communicate with each other and a superior control system via the digitally isolated controller area network bus, providing high speed and reliability for use in automotive environments with much electromagnetic interference.
Isolation and Characterization of Collagen and Antioxidant Collagen Peptides from Scales of Croceine Croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea) (2013)

Acid soluble collagen (ASC) from scales of croceine croaker (ASC-C) was successfully isolated with the yield of 0.37% ± 0.08% (dry weight basis), and characterized as type I collagen on the basis of amino acid analysis and electrophoretic pattern. The antioxidant hydrolysate of ASC-C (ACH) was prepared through a two-stage in vitro digestion (4-h trypsin followed by 4-h pepsin), and three antioxidant peptides (ACH-P1, ACH-P2, and ACH-P3) were further isolated from ACH using ultrafiltration, gel chromatography, and RP-HPLC, and their amino acid sequences were identified as GFRGTIGLVG (ACH-P1), GPAGPAG (ACH-P2), and GFPSG (ACH-P3). ACH-P1, ACH-P2, and ACH-P3 showed good scavenging activities on hydroxyl radical (IC50 0.293, 0.240, and 0.107 mg/mL, respectively), DPPH radical (IC₅₀ 1.271, 0.675, and 0.283 mg/mL, respectively), superoxide radical (IC₅₀ 0.463, 0.099, and 0.151 mg/mL, respectively), and ABTS radical (IC₅₀ 0.421, 0.309, and 0.210 mg/mL, respectively). ACH-P3 was also effectively against lipid peroxidation in the model system. The antioxidant activities of three collagen peptides were due to the presence of hydrophobic amino acid residues within the peptide sequences. The collagen peptides might be used as antioxidant for the therapy of diseases associated with oxidative stress, or reducing oxidative changes during storage.
Powerline communications: finally ready for prime time? (1998)

Recently announced technology that provides Internet access via electric power lines now adds utility companies to the industries staking a claim to the potentially lucrative Internet "pipe" market. A test of the new technology is under way in a network of over 200 homes and schools, conducted by British codevelopers Nortel and Norweb Communications. High access costs have limited Internet growth in Europe and Asia, but if the new technology works (the test is still in early stages) it could increase competition among ISPs and potentially lower access costs. Nortel claims its system is commercially ready and that several European power companies have expressed interest in licensing the technology.
The gradient distribution of mobile phase in HPLC (1998)

In the gradient elution of HPLC, the delay and dispersion of mobile phase during the transmission of mobile phase in column, and the out-column effect result in that, there is a gradient distribution in the variation of mobile phase content with time at any location in column, and it obeys a distribution law. In this paper, the law is discussed theoretically and experimentally, and the effect on the law of instrumental condition and different solvents is also discussed.
Noonan Syndrome and Related Disorders - A Matter of Deregulated Ras Signaling (2008)

In this book, internationally recognized experts review the most important advances regarding the group of human developmental disorders caused by constitutive dysregulation of the Ras-MAPK signalling pathway, including Noonan, cardiofaciocutaneous, LEOPARD and Costello syndromes. A historical overview given by Jacqueline Noonan is followed by chap
A 32-bit microprocessor with virtual memory support (1981)

A 32-bit microprocessor which supports demand paged virtual memory is described. The processor is implemented on a 290 mil/SUP 2/ chip containing approximately 60K transistors with a 3.5 /spl mu/m gate NMOS technology. The effect of software architecture and performance requirements on chip design is discussed, with particular emphasis on the special problems of supporting virtual memory. The methodology used to develop and verify the design is also discussed.
Continuous separation of non-magnetic particles through negative magnetophoresis inside ferrofluids (2010)

We present a simple, low-cost, effective, and label-free continuous flow non-magnetic microparticle separation scheme in a microfluidic device under static magnetic fields. The separation process is based on negative magnetophoresis and uses water-based ferrofluids. We exploit the difference in particle sizes to achieve continuous binary separation of fluorescent microparticles with high throughput and efficiency. We demonstrate size-based separation (2.1 μm and 9.9 μm; 2.1 μm and 4.8 μm) of microparticles with close to 100% separation efficiency and a minimum of 10 particles/hour throughput. This new approach opens the door for the development of label-free continuous cellular separation in microfluidic devices with high throughput, efficiency, and reliability.
Antioxidant Activity of Aqueous Tea Infusions Prepared from Oregano, Thyme and Wild Thyme (2006)

Using a multiple-method approach, antioxidant activity of aqueous tea infusions prepared from oregano (Origanum vulgare L. ssp. hirtum), thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) and wild thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) were tested in relation to their chemical composition. Total phenolic, flavonoid, catechin and anthocyanin content was determined by spectrophotometric methods. Oregano aqueous tea infusion had the highest amount of total phenols (12 500 mg/L gallic acid equivalent, GAE) and flavonoids (9000 mg/L GAE). Identification of polyphenolic compounds in aqueous tea infusions by HPLC-PDA analysis showed a dominant presence of rosmarinic acid (in mg/g): 123.11 in oregano, 17.45 in thyme and 93.13 in wild thyme. Antioxidant activity of aqueous tea infusions was evaluated using four antioxidative methods (the b-carotene bleaching method (BCB), the 2,2’-diphenyl-1- -picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method, the thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS assay) and the induction period of lard oxidation (Rancimat assay)). The results were compared with natural (ascorbic acid and a-tocopherol) and synthetic antioxidants, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA). Oregano aqueous tea infusion showed the strongest antioxidant activity using three methods (the b-carotene bleaching method, DPPH radical scavening method and Rancimat assay), while thyme and wild thyme showed weaker and relatively similar antioxidant activity.
Separation and quantification of pigments from natural phototrophic microbial populations (1985)

A simple high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method is described for the rapid (approx. 20 min) simultaneous separation and identification of the major chlorophylls and carotenoids from phytoplankton cells and phototrophic sulfur bacteria. Lyophilized samples were extracted with acetone in the dark at room temperature. Pigments were eluted from a silica column with a hexane-acetone mixture (80: 20, v/v). About 20 algal and bacterial chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments could be separated in one run. The method allowed for the detection of trace amounts of major carotenoids (> approx. 6 ng · 1−1) and of chlorophylls and pheophytins (> approx. 200 ng · 1−1) in natural samples. The method has been applied to samples from the metalimnion of Lake Vechten (The Netherlands) and has proved very useful in estimating algal and bacterial pigments simultaneously with respect to depth distribution and biomass changes of the microbial populations.
Low Concentration of Cobalt Increases Growth, Biochemical Constituents, Mineral Status and Yield in Zea Mays (2008)

A pot culture experiment has been carried out to find the extent of changes occurring in the biochemicals and nutrients of maize plants (Zea mays L.) grown under different concentrations of cobalt (50, 100, 150, 200, 250 mg kg-1 soil). The growth and yield parameters such as seedling vigour, number of cobs, number of seeds per plant; photosynthetic pigments viz., chlorophyll âaâ, chlorophyll âbâ, and total chlorophyll contents; biochemicals like total sugars (reducing and non reducing), starch, amino acids and protein content and various macro- and micronutrients are determined 90 days after sowing (DAS). All the growth parameters, pigment content, biochemicals and mineral content increase at 50 mg Co kg-1 soil when compared with the control. Further increase in the Co levels (100-200 mg kg-1 soil) has a negative effect on all the above parameters.Â Â Keywords: Cobalt; Growth; Zea mays; Biochemicals; Nutrients. Â© 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.Â Â DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i1.1226Â
[The effects of plant preparations on cellular functions in body defense]. (1994)

Two preparations of Echinacea purpurea and a preparation of Eleutherococcus senticosus increased the in vitro phagocytosis of Candida albicans by granulocytes and monocytes from healthy donors by 30-45%. The chemotactic migration of granulocytes in the Boyden Chamber was increased by 45% with an Echinacea purpurea extract. The two herbal preparations had no effect in either direction on intracellular killing of bacteria or yeasts. Echinacea and Eleutherococcus preparations did not induce in vitro transformation of lymphocytes. The mistel toe preparation examined (Viscum album) did not influence the tested functions of granulocytes, monocytes or lymphocytes of healthy donors.
THE MEASUREMENT OF ELECTROLYTIC CONDUCTIVITY. I. THE THEORY OF THE DESIGN OF CONDUCTIVITY CELLS. (1916)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE MEASUREMENT OF ELECTROLYTIC CONDUCTIVITY. I. THE THEORY OF THE DESIGN OF CONDUCTIVITY CELLS.Edward W. WashburnCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1916, 38, 11, 2431–2460Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1916Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1916https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja02268a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ja02268a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views567Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A REVIEW OF THE NEUROTOXICITY RISK OF SELECTED HYDROCARBON FUELS (2001)

Over 1.3 million civilian and military personnel are occupationally exposed to hydrocarbon fuels, emphasizing gasoline, jet fuel, diesel fuel, or kerosene. These exposures may occur acutely or chronically to raw fuel, vapor, aerosol, or fuel combustion exhaust by dermal, respiratory inhalation, or oral ingestion routes, and commonly occur concurrently with exposure to other chemicals and stressors. Hydrocarbon fuels are complex mixtures of 150-260+ aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon compounds containing varying concentrations of potential neurotoxicants including benzene, n-hexane, toluene, xylenes, naphthalene, and certain n-C9-C12 fractions (n-propylbenzene, trimethylbenzene isomers). Due to their natural petroleum base, the chemical composition of different hydrocarbon fuels is not defined, and the fuels are classified according to broad performance criteria such as flash and boiling points, complicating toxicological comparisons. While hydrocarbon fuel exposures occur typically at concentrations below permissible exposure limits for their constituent chemicals, it is unknown whether additive or synergistic interactions may result in unpredicted neurotoxicity. The inclusion of up to six performance additives in existing fuel formulations presents additional neurotoxicity challenge. Additionally, exposures to hydrocarbon fuels, typically with minimal respiratory or dermal protection, range from weekly fueling of personal automobiles to waist-deep immersion of personnel in raw fuel during maintenance of aircraft fuel tanks. Occupational exposures may occur on a near daily basis for from several months to over 20 yr. A number of published studies have reported acute or persisting neurotoxic effects from acute, subchronic, or chronic exposure of humans or animals to hydrocarbon fuels, or to certain constituent chemicals of these fuels. This review summarizes human and animal studies of hydrocarbon fuel-induced neurotoxicity and neurobehavioral consequences. It is hoped that this review will support ongoing attempts to review and possibly revise exposure standards for hydrocarbon fuels.
Block-wise transfers in CoAP: Extension for Reliable Transport (BERT) (2016)

CoAP (RFC7252) is a RESTful transfer protocol for constrained nodes
and networks, originally using UDP or DTLS over UDP as its transport.
Basic CoAP messages work well for the small payloads we expect from
temperature sensors, light switches, and similar building-automation
devices. CoAP's Block protocol (draft-ietf-core-block) allows
transferring larger payloads over limited-size datagrams -- for
instance, for firmware updates. CoAP over TCP and TLS (draft-ietf-
core-tcp-tls) enables the use of extended, but not unlimited, size
messages. The present specification, Block-wise transfers in CoAP:
Extension for Reliable Transport (BERT), extends the block protocol in
a simple way to be able to make use of these larger messages over a
reliable transport.
REACTIVE ARTHRITIS FOLLOWING PSITTACOSIS (1984)

A case is described where a symmetrical polyarthritis followed a febrile illness due to Chlamydia psittaci infection. The arthritis abated after treatment with tetracosactrin.
APOBEC3G Polymorphism as a Selective Barrier to Cross-Species Transmission and Emergence of Pathogenic SIV and AIDS in a Primate Host (2013)

Cellular restriction factors, which render cells intrinsically resistant to viruses, potentially impose genetic barriers to cross-species transmission and emergence of viral pathogens in nature. One such factor is APOBEC3G. To overcome APOBEC3G-mediated restriction, many lentiviruses encode Vif, a protein that targets APOBEC3G for degradation. As with many restriction factor genes, primate APOBEC3G displays strong signatures of positive selection. This is interpreted as evidence that the primate APOBEC3G locus reflects a long-term evolutionary "arms-race" between retroviruses and their primate hosts. Here, we provide direct evidence that APOBEC3G has functioned as a barrier to cross-species transmission, selecting for viral resistance during emergence of the AIDS-causing pathogen SIVmac in captive colonies of Asian macaques in the 1970s. Specifically, we found that rhesus macaques have multiple, functionally distinct APOBEC3G alleles, and that emergence of SIVmac and simian AIDS required adaptation of the virus to evade APOBEC3G-mediated restriction. Our evidence includes the first comparative analysis of APOBEC3G polymorphism and function in both a reservoir and recipient host species (sooty mangabeys and rhesus macaques, respectively), and identification of adaptations unique to Vif proteins of the SIVmac lineage that specifically antagonize rhesus APOBEC3G alleles. By demonstrating that interspecies variation in a known restriction factor selected for viral counter-adaptations in the context of a documented case of cross-species transmission, our results lend strong support to the evolutionary "arms-race" hypothesis. Importantly, our study confirms that APOBEC3G divergence can be a critical determinant of interspecies transmission and emergence of primate lentiviruses, including viruses with the potential to infect and spread in human populations.