gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Schemes to Improve the Efficiency of Hardware Transactional Memory Systems (2007)

In todays ubiquitous multiprocessor environment parallel programming becomes\nan important tool to reap the maximum gain. But the traditional lock-based parallel\nprogramming model is not attracting average programmers as the level of expertise\nneeded is very high. A programcan be trapped in deadlock and livelock by unconscious\nlocking of shared resources. Furthermore, a lock-based parallel programming model\nuses blocking synchronization where execution of a critical section is exclusive. A\nprocessor that executes in a critical section blocks all other processor to execute inside\nthe critical section. The blocking nature can limit concurrency if two processors follow\ntwo different execution paths yet in the critical section; in that case there will be no\ndata race. Recently, many researchers proposed transactional memory that promises to\nsimplify parallel programming as well as to offer non-blocking synchronization.\nIn transactionalmemory systems, critical sections are executed in transactionswhere\nmultiple transactions from different threads can be executed speculatively in parallel.\nData integrity, hence the program correctness is maintained by isolating the speculative\nexecution and committing atomically at the end. A commit can force other ongoing\ntransactions to be squashed if a data conflict is detected. Depending on the mechanism\nin which the isolation, atomic commit and conflict detection is performed, transactional\nmemory systems could be broadly categorized as software transactionalmemory (STM)\nand hardware transactional memory (HTM).\nIn this thesis, three problems of HTM systems that hurt the execution time are discovered\nand novel solutions to the problems are proposed. In an HTM system that\ndetects conflicts lazily, transactions from one thread can repeatedly squash a transaction\nfrom another thread which can lead to a starvation problem for the latter. A novel\nsolution that uses squash counts for individual transaction is proposed to avoid starvation.\nAt a data conflict, HTM systems squash the speculative executions and re-execute\nthe transactions from the beginning. Re-execution from the beginning may waste a part\nof execution that is correct and hurt performance. A scheme is proposed that smartly\ntakes intermediate checkpoints so that the correct execution can be saved froma squashing\ntransaction. To isolate the speculative execution, a private buffer is used to store the\nspeculative data. The drastic effect of speculative buffer overflow is discovered and a\nscheme is proposed that effectively uses the speculative buffer to reduce overflows.
PROCESSING REAL-TIME STEREO VIDEO IN DISPARITY SPACE FOR OBSTACLE MAPPING (2005)

This thesis addresses the problem of the robust and rapid detection and accurate mapping of obstacles in 3-space to a 2D map using live real-time stereo vision.The significance of this work is the novel method of the algorithm, which processes information extremely fast and solely in disparity space and creates a real-time obstacle map.The accuracy and robustness are further improved by floor noise cancellation which features a calibration algorithm that allows expeditious setting of the calibration parameters.The core of this approach is: Removing floor-ground background and other unwanted "noise". Separating the image into depth planes. Aggregating column information into smaller usable sets and summing those sets by depth to produce obstacle information at each depth. Using that information to produce a "live" occupancy grid of objects.Based on this approach, an algorithm is presented with Matlab code that processes still disparity maps to produce obstacle size and location information in a simple format.In addition, an algorithm is also presented in C++ that creates a calibrated obstacle map in real-time using a commercially available stereo camera system.
Charging effect of Al2O3 thin films containing Al nanocrystals (2008)

In this work, Al2O3 thin film containing Al nanocrystals (nc-Al) is deposited on Si substrate by radio frequency sputtering to form a metal-insulator-semiconductor structure. Both electron and hole trapping in nc-Al are observed. The charge storage ability of the nc-Al/Al2O3 thin films provides the possibility of memory applications. Charging in the nc-Al also leads to a change in the dc resistance of the thin films, namely, the electron trapping in the nc-Al leads to an increase in the resistance, whereas the resistance is reduced if there is hole trapping in the nc-Al.
Regional specification of stomatal production by the putative ligand CHALLAH (2010)

The problem of modulating cell fate programs to create distinct patterns and distributions of specialized cell types in different tissues is common to complex multicellular organisms. Here, we describe the previously uncharacterized CHALLAH (CHAL) gene, which acts as a tissue-specific regulator of epidermal pattern in Arabidopsis thaliana. Arabidopsis plants produce stomata, the cellular valves required for gas exchange, in virtually all aerial organs, but stomatal density and distribution differ among organs and along organ axes. Such regional regulation is particularly evident in plants mutant for the putative receptor TOO MANY MOUTHS (TMM), which produce excess stomata in leaves but no stomata in stems. Mutations in CHAL suppress tmm phenotypes in a tissue-specific manner, restoring stomatal production in stems while minimally affecting leaves. CHAL is similar in sequence to the putative stomatal ligands EPF1 and EPF2 and, like the EPFs, can reduce or eliminate stomatal production when overexpressed. However, CHAL and the EPFs have different relationships to TMM and the ERECTA (ER) family receptors. We propose a model in which CHAL and the EPFs both act through ER family receptors to repress stomatal production, but are subject to opposite regulation by TMM. The existence of two such ligand classes provides an explanation for TMM dual functionality and tissue-specific phenotypes.
Studies on the Procurement of Blood Coagulation Factor VIII (1988)

Our previous studies have shown that the use of half-strength citrate anticoagulant improves plasma factor VIII stability while maintaining the viability of red cells and platelets. This study extends these observations to show that the stability of factor VIII is maintained in blood stored at room temperature or 4°C overnight and that in vitro tests indicate comparable quality of red cells and platelets prepared from half-strength citrate donations processed immediately or after overnight storage at room temperature. The exception to this was a more rapid loss of red cell 2,3-diphosphoglycerate, as has previously been observed for full-strength citrate donations.
Exploring Performance Characteristics of ZNS SSDs: Observation and Implication (2020)

ZNS SSDs (Zoned NameSpace Solid State Drives) are a new type of SSD that provides various features such as zone concept and host-level flash management. In this paper, we explore how these features affect performance characteristics of ZNS SSDs. To this end, we design an analysis tool based on a real ZNS SSD prototype that allows to evaluate performance under different workloads. Then, we investigate diverse characteristics in terms of parallelism, isolation and predictability. Our observations reveal that 1) requesting I/Os in a large unit is indispensable in ZNS SSDs to obtain parallelism, 2) workloads can be isolated more effectively compared with traditional SSDs, 3) unexpected performance drop is not monitored, and 4) performance differs based on LBAs (Logical Block Addresses), which can be exploited usefully when we devise a new algorithm for ZNS SSDs.
Evaluating Large Saccades in Patients with Brain‐Stem or Cerebellar Disorders (2005)

Clinicians conventionally test saccades at the bedside by noting the accuracy, initiation time, and speed of large movements, with the patient's head stationary. Partly for methodological reasons, laboratory analysis of saccades has mainly focused on movements of 20 degrees or less. By measuring the velocity waveform of large saccades, it is possible to examine more closely the way in which brain stem and cerebellum guide the eye to the target. Large saccades made by healthy humans show a positively skewed velocity profile. Slow saccades made by patients with brain-stem disorders show a prolonged plateau of low velocity. Some patients with cerebellar disorders may show increased acceleration and deceleration of saccades. Each of these velocity waveforms can be modeled by changing the parameters that describe medium-lead burst neuron firing. In certain other brain-stem and cerebellar disorders, transient decelerations or premature terminations of saccades occur; such velocity waveforms cannot be modeled solely by changing the parameters that describe burst neuron firing. Instead, it is necessary to postulate dysfunction of the mechanism that normally inhibits pontine omnipause neurons, thereby permitting burst neurons to discharge until the saccade is completed. Analysis of large, abnormal saccades calls for application of novel techniques to identify the beginning and end of the saccadic pulse command.
Service oriented architecture in developing of loosely-coupled manufacturing systems (2008)

The control of manufacturing systems is traditionally addresses the needs of products or product family that the system is going to manufacture. That is, the needs for the products are defined prior to the design of the production line. Although some degree of flexibility (in the terms of product family) can be implemented in the system, such systems may still have limitations in not allowing rapid reconfiguration as a new product with unforeseen needs arrives at runtime. Such a scenario usually requires (partial) reprogramming of the production line to accommodate new products. This paper presents a service-oriented orchestration framework for seamless integration of service-enabled devices to allow rapid reconfiguration and dynamic discovery of the devices abstracted as web services.
The advantages of n-type heavily-doped silicon as an emitter for vacuum microelectronics (2002)

The influence of n-type doping density on the emitter has theoretically studied in some detail. The estimated results show that the heavily-doped silicon is proper as a high-efficiency, high-power, and high-frequency emitter for vacuum microelectronics.
Designing Fair Curves and Surfaces (1994)

From the Publisher:
This state-of-the-art study of the techniques used for designing curves and surfaces for computer-aided design applications focuses on the principle that fair shapes are always free of unessential features and are simple in design. 
The authors define fairness mathematically, demonstrate how newly developed curve and surface schemes guarantee fairness, and assist the user in identifying and removing shape aberrations in a surface model without destroying the principal shape characteristics of the model. 
Aesthetic aspects of geometric modeling are of vital importance in industrial design and modeling, particularly in the automobile and aerospace industries. Any engineer working in computer-aided design, computer-aided manufacturing, or computer-aided engineering will want to add this volume to his or her library. Researchers who have a familiarity with basic techniques in computer-aided graphic design and some knowledge of differential geometry will find this book a helpful reference. It is essential reading for statisticians working on approximation or smoothing of data with mathematical curves or surfaces.
The mineral of bone. (1985)

This is a review of the chemistry and structure of synthetic, mineral, and biologic hydroxyapatites. Bone apatite has a large, reactive specific-surface and is characterized by its crystal imperfection and non-stoichiometry. Precipitated and bone hydroxyapatites are in the submicroscopic size range where their solubility decreases rapidly with a small increment of crystal growth. A discussion is given of the various mechanisms proposed for tissue mineralization. The body seems to contain a number of nucleating and inhibiting mechanisms which seem to work in concert, possibly providing redundant pathways to the mineralization of tissue.
Inactivation and Removal of Chikungunya Virus and Mayaro Virus from Plasma-derived Medicinal Products (2019)

The inactivation profiles of different <i>alphavirus</i> members vary considerably, even within the Semliki Forest Complex. However, robust dedicated viral inactivation/removal procedures commonly used in the plasma product industry are effective in inactivating or removing MAYV and CHIKV.
Blanching Leafy Vegetables with Electromagnetic Energy (1994)

ABSTRACT Application of radio frequency, microwave, microwave‐steam and infrared energy for blanching of leafy vegetables (endive and spinach) was studied and compared with conventional hot water and steam blanching. The quality of vegetables both frozen and sterilized was evaluated by instrumental and sensory analysis. Effects of blanching methods were most pronounced in frozen products. No quality differences occurred for infrared and radio frequency treatments. However, microwave energy alone or in combination with steam in the blanching process improved vitamin C retention, gave higher Instron force values and better sensory characteristics.
Encapsulating IP Using SCSI (1998)

Mr. Elliston is working on a protocol for using SCSI devices to network Linux clusters in order to transfer data at high speeds
Preclinical antitumor activity of an antibody against the leukocyte antigen CD48. (1998)

We have evaluated the antitumor activity of a murine antibody (IgG2a) against the leukocyte antigen CD48. CD48 is expressed on T and B lymphocytes, monocytes, and a wide range of lymphoid malignancies. To assess the therapeutic potential of an anti-CD48 antibody, we established a reproducible model of human B-cell (Raji) leukemia/lymphoma in C.B17/scid mice, where untreated mice develop hind leg paralysis due to tumor engraftment. Using this model, the murine anti-CD48 antibody HuLy-m3 was shown to mediate a strong in vivo antitumor effect. Long-term survival (>1 year) of scid mice was obtained after treatment with three 200-microg i.v. doses of anti-CD48 antibody on days 0, 2, and 4 after i.v. injection of tumor cells. In contrast, mice treated with an isotype control antibody developed hind leg paralysis after 34 +/- 3 days. A strong antitumor response was still observed when a dose of 20 microg of HuLy-m3 antibody was used. During preclinical investigations, we also examined a number of properties of the CD48 antigen. CD48 is present at high levels on the surface of T and B cells, but most (>95%) CD34-positive cells do not express CD48. Anti-CD48 antibodies are maintained on the surface of antigen-positive cells for extended periods (>24 h). These properties suggest that anti-CD48 antibodies may be useful in the treatment of a number of diseases including lymphoid leukemias and lymphomas.
Polymerization of Rodlike Micelles (1999)

A new polymerizable surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium 4-vinylbenzoate (CTVB), has been prepared and investigated. In aqueous solution, highly entangled rodlike aggregates are formed at millimolar surfactant concentrations. Free-radical polymerization of the surfactant counterions results in nearly complete conversion to a stable, nonviscous solution. Small-angle neutron scattering reveals that the micellar diameter of 40 Å is unchanged during the polymerization process and that the final polymerized micelle length (400−1200 Å) is determined by the relative initiator concentration. In addition, the parent rodlike micellar aggregates rearrange into spherical micelles at elevated temperature, whereas the polymerized structures are insensitive to temperature changes or dilution.
Reducing cross-coupling among interconnect wires in deep-submicron datapath design (1999)

Article Reducing cross-coupling among interconnect wires in deep-submicron datapath design Share on Authors: Joon-Seo Yim DSP Group, Information Technology Lab., LG Corporate Institute of Technology, 16, Woomyeon-Dong, Seocho-Gu, Seoul, 137-140, Korea DSP Group, Information Technology Lab., LG Corporate Institute of Technology, 16, Woomyeon-Dong, Seocho-Gu, Seoul, 137-140, KoreaView Profile , Chong-Min Kyung Department of Electrical Engineering, KAIST, 373-1, Kusong-Dong, Yusong-Gu, Taejon, 305-701, Korea Department of Electrical Engineering, KAIST, 373-1, Kusong-Dong, Yusong-Gu, Taejon, 305-701, KoreaView Profile Authors Info & Claims DAC '99: Proceedings of the 36th annual ACM/IEEE Design Automation ConferenceJune 1999 Pages 485–490https://doi.org/10.1145/309847.309984Online:01 June 1999Publication History 37citation438DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations37Total Downloads438Last 12 Months1Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Mixture Models, Outliers, and the EM Algorithm (1980)

Maximum likelihood (ML) methods are described for the identification of outliers in single sample or regression problems, based on mixture models. The EM algorithm provides a simple and easily programmed iterative solution for the ML estimates of the parameters in the models. The procedure is illustrated on three examples.
GreenOFDM a new method for OFDM PAPR reduction : application to the Internet of Things energy saving (2019)

Ce travail est consacre a l'etude de la modulation OFDM et plus particulierement au probleme de son PAPR eleve.Une solution pour la reduction de PAPR, appelee GreenOFDM, est proposee. Ses performances sont analysees et comparees avec d'autres techniques existantes dans la litterature, les resultats obtenus sont tres prometteurs. La complexite calculatoire de cette technique est analysee en vue de sa mise en œuvre. Deux methodes sont proposees pour reduire le nombre total d'operations de la technique GreenOFDM ; leurs performances sont obtenues par simulation. Nous montrons comment il est possible de reduire considerablement le cout de calcul afin d'obtenir une implementation numerique efficace. Enfin, pour demontrer cette efficacite, le cout energetique de la mise en œuvre de GreenOFDM dans un processeur programmable est analyse et compare a la consommation d'energie de la partie analogique de l'emetteur. Une comparaison en termes de consommation d'energie avec d'autres techniques de modulation est egalement menee a bien.
Increased resistance to apoptosis by bone marrow CD34+ progenitor cells from tumor-bearing mice (1999)

Tumors, such as the murine Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC), produce granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), which increases the proportion of CD34(+) hematopoietic progenitor cells in the bone marrow and in the periphery. This increase in peripheral CD34(+) cells had been attributed to the growth-promoting and mobilizing effects of the tumor-derived GM-CSF. However, the possibility that the CD34(+) cells of tumor bearers might have enhanced survival abilities had not been considered. The present studies showed a significant baseline level of apoptotic cells in short-term (5-day) cultures of normal CD34(+) cells containing GM-CSF plus stem cell factor (SCF), and a markedly greater level of apoptosis in cytokine-deficient cultures. In contrast, CD34(+) cells from tumor bearers did not undergo such levels of apoptosis, even in the absence of cytokines. This resistance to apoptosis could be conferred to normal CD34(+) cells by culture with LLC-conditioned medium. Studies to elucidate possible mechanisms for the resistance to apoptosis by tumor-exposed CD34(+) cells showed increased levels of the pro-life gene product bcl-2. Finally, the resistance of tumor-exposed CD34(+) cells to ligation of the Fas receptor, a known apoptotic trigger in hematopoietic cells, was compared with that of control CD34(+) cultures. Whereas approximately half of the normal CD34(+) cells underwent apoptosis in response to Fas ligation, the tumor-exposed CD34(+) cells resisted apoptosis, even though their surface Fas expression was greater than that of normal CD34(+) cells. Thus, our results show that the increased level of CD34(+) cells in tumor bearers is due not only to an increased growth and mobilization of CD34(+) cells as previously thought, but also may be due to an increased resistance to apoptosis that is conferred by tumor-derived products and is associated with increased expression of bcl-2.
Effects of Rotor Bar and End-Ring Faults Over the Signals of a Position Estimation Strategy for Induction Motors (2005)

The effect of rotor faults, such as broken bars and end-rings, over the signals of a position estimation strategy for induction motor drives is analyzed using a multiple coupled circuit model. The objective of this analysis is to establish the possibility of using the estimation strategy signals for fault diagnosis in variable-speed electric drives. This strategy is based on the effect produced by inductance variation on the zero-sequence voltage, when exciting the motor with a predefined inverter switching pattern. Experimental results illustrate the feasibility of the proposal.
Computation of Cavity Flows with Suppression Using Jet Blowing (1997)

A computational investigation of a compressible cavity e ow was conducted. Blowing was implemented to suppress the large pressure oscillations characteristic of cavity e ows. The cavity length-to-depth ratio was 4.33, and the freestream Mach number was 1.75. A two-dimensional, time-accurate Navier› Stokes scheme was used to simulate the e ow. A small jet placed within the cavity just below the front lip was used to force the shear layer with different amplitudes and frequencies. This control technique was successful in reducing the amplitude of the oscillations. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the control was found to depend upon the jet frequency, amplitude, phase angle, and duty cycle. Autocorrelation analysis showed that the jet decreased the size of the structures in the shear layer. Cross-correlation analysis showed that the timing of events within the cavity were unaffected by the jet blowing.
Computer Assisted Instruction in Reading: Grades 4-6 (1972)

In designing computer-assisted instruction (CAI), the issue is not what teachers can do and what computers can do. The problem is to allocate to teachers and computers those tasks that each does best. The initial effort is to determine what aspects of the subject matter at hand are most amenable to computer presentation. In designing the present curriculum, the goal was to produce a curriculum that would be simple and inexpensive to implement, but as rich as possible in those aspects of upper elementary-grade reading amenable to CAI. The Computer Curriculum Corporation (CCC) reading curriculum for grades 4-6 has been implemented on several computer systems; the 1970 Honeywell implementation serves as the basis for this report. Student terminals are generally “Model-33 ” teletypewriters with standard ASCI I keyboards. Very few changes were necessary in the Honeywell 1648 Fortran system, and these were independent of the reading curriculum in that they would have been necessary for any CAI. The changes included provision of clock interrupts at the Fortran level and disenabling entry to command mode by students. Other implementations have been achieved with equal facility. Exercise Formats Because no audio information can be given and because it is scarcely feasible to expect students to read printed instructions for items intended to teach reading, the exercise formats are as few and as simple as possible. Basically, the student types-his answer whenever an asterisk is printed at his terminal. Examples of the four formats used in the curriculum follow. Responses expected from the student are italicized. (1 1 Jean rubbed her eyes and yawned. She was Itchy sleepy old