gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A general strategy for identification of S-layer genes in the Bacillus cereus group: molecular characterization of such a gene in Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. galleriae NRRL 4045 The GenBank accession number for the slpA sequence is AJ249446. (2001)

Despite its possible role in virulence, there has been little molecular characterization of members of the S-layer protein family of the Bacillus cereus group. It is hypothesized that the components of the S-layers are likely to display similar anchoring structures in Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus anthracis. Based on inferred sequence similarities, a DNA fragment encoding the cell-wall-anchoring domain of an S-layer component of BAC: thuringiensis subsp. galleriae NRRL 4045 was isolated. The complete gene was identified and sequenced. An ORF of 2463 nt was identified, which was predicted to encode a protein of 821 aa, SlpA. The mature SlpA protein (792 residues) carries three S-layer homology (SLH) motifs towards its amino terminus, each about 50 aa long. These motifs were sufficient to bind Bac. thuringiensis and Bac. anthracis cell walls in vitro by interacting with peptidoglycan-associated polymers, confirming a common wall-anchoring mechanism. The slpA null-allele mutant was constructed and shown to possess no other abundant surface protein. It is proposed that the method described in this paper could be applied to the identification and deletion of any Bac. cereus S-layer gene and is of great value for the molecular and functional characterization of these genes.
The N Protein of λ: Evidence Bearing on Transcription Termination, Polarity and the Alteration of E. coli RNA Polymerase (1976)

INTRODUCTION In the context of this volume it is appropriate to review current information concerning the role of the N protein as a positive regulator of bacteriophage λ. Functional and genetic evidence on this key regulator have led us to postulate that it works by modifying Escherichia coli RNA polymerase so that its ability to terminate transcription is altered (Franklin 1974; see also Friedman, Wilgus and Mural 1973; Adhya, Gottesman and de Crombrugghe 1974). Implicit is the corollary that termination is a function, at least in part, of polymerase itself. Additional evidence makes it likely that terminations near gene ends, provoked by the absence of translation, account for transcriptional polarity in E. coli. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION N as Antiterminator of λ Transcription at Specific Targets The protein product of λ’s N gene is required for the expression of all λ genes except imm, cro and N itself. Early λ genes function as components of two operons only: the N operon, including N as its first structural gene, is transcribed leftwards from the p L promoter; the cro operon, with cro as its first structural gene, is transcribed rightwards from the p R promoter (Figure 1). Transcription initiated at p L or p R by E. coli RNA polymerase (Takeda et al. 1969) is terminated, in the absence of the N protein, just beyond N in the region t L and just beyond cro in the region t R1 , as well as in the region t R2 , between P and Q . The role of N protein in λ...
TIPS for Safer Investing (1997)

A look at some of the advantages and disadvantages of Treasury Inflation-Protection Securities, the first U.S. government securities guaranteed to provide riskless, long-term protection against inflation, covering their structure, expected performance against traditional Treasury securities, liquidity concerns, and the claim that they will allow the Treasury to reduce its borrowing costs.
Energy-Efficient Distributed Spectrum Sensing for Wireless Cognitive Radio Networks (2010)

We propose an energy-efficient Distributed Spectrum Sensing (DSS) scheme, called cluster-and-forward based DSS scheme, for our developed two-tier hierarchical cognitive radio network. At each time step, our proposed scheme dynamically clusters the secondary users into multiple groups and selects the Cluster Head (CH) from the secondary users in each group. The selected CHs collect the spectrum sensing results, process the information locally, and send the local fusion results to the fusion center. To reduce the secondary users' power consumption, the selected CHs take turns to be the fusion center, which processes the local spectrum-sensing decision results sent from the other CHs and makes the final spectrum sensing decision. Our scheme is able to achieve the high spectrum sensing accuracy even when the average channel Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) is low. The performance evaluations validate and evaluate our proposed DSS scheme and the clustering method in terms of the spectrum-sensing reliability and the energy efficiency.
Single-dose azithromycin microsphere formulation: a novel delivery system for antibiotics (2007)

Azithromycin extended release (Zmax, Pfizer Inc) is a novel single-dose administration formulation of azithromycin which won FDA approval in June 2005 and is currently approved for the treatment of community acquired pneumonia and acute bacterial sinusitis. Azitromycin is incorporated into sustained-release microspheres which release the drug slowly through 200 microm pores. Because of this sustained release mechanism, most of the drug is released into the lower gastrointestinal tract, reducing gastrointestinal side-effects, and allowing for a higher dose to be administered. The unique pharmacological properties and extremely long half-life of azithromycin make this drug well suited to single-dose administration but gastrointestinal side effects have previously hampered single-dose therapy.
The Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP) and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase (TIMP) Genes: Transcriptional and Posttranscriptional Regulation, Signal Transduction and Cell-Type-Specific Expression (2003)

Developmental and homeostatic remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a highly regulated process orchestrated by a family of zinc-containing, calcium-dependent neutral proteases known as the matrix metallo-proteinases (MMP). This family of enzymes, which now contains twenty members, can collectively degrade all structural proteins of the ECM including interstitial collagens (I, II, III, and V), basement membrane collagens (IV), fibronectin, laminin, proteoglycan, and elastin (Table 1). The enzymatic activity of MMP family members is controlled by a group of inhibitor proteins known as the Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinases (TIMPs), which consist of four family members (Table 2). Whereas all four TIMPs can inhibit all MMPs in vitro, preferential TIMP-MMP interactions and tissue-restricted TIMP expression suggest that each TIMP has a specific function (Table 2).
Lack of evidence for allergenic properties of coumarin in a fragrance allergy mouse model (2007)

These results confirm that pure coumarin is endowed with very weak sensitizing capacities, if any, and suggest that the presence of contaminants in coumarin preparations may account for the previously reported allergenic properties of coumarin.
Robust Separation: A search for a generic framework to simplify registration and trading of interests in natural resources. (2002)

The ideas contained in this report have resulted from the opportunity to meet with many of Australia
On the mapping of index compression techniques on CSR information retrieval (2004)

Information retrieval is the selection of documents relevant to a query. The inverted index is the conventional way to store the index of the collection. Because of the large amounts of data, compression techniques are commonly used in information retrieval systems to reduce the size of the inverted index. We experimentally evaluate the result of the mapping of such techniques on the compressed sparse row (CSR) information retrieval (IR). Our experimental results, using some of these compression techniques such as Elias Gamma, Golomb, interpolative, and fixed length byte-aligned, demonstrate that such techniques can easily be applied to compress the index in CSR IR.
Dynamic antral scintigraphy following solid and liquid meals in healthy human subjects (2007)

Dynamic antral scintigraphy is capable of detecting differences between solid and liquid meals concerning post-prandial gastric antral contractions under physiological conditions. The frequency and amplitude of gastric antral contractions after a solid meal are greater than after an exclusively liquid meal of similar calorie content, in spite of lack of a difference regarding gastric emptying.
Image based Steganography and Cryptography (2007)

Abstract: In this paper we describe a method for integrating together cryptography and steganography through image processing. In particular, we present a system able to perform steganography and cryptography at the same time using images as cover objects for steganography and as keys for cryptography. We will show such system is an effective steganographic one (making a comparison with the well known F5 algorithm) and is also a theoretically unbreakable cryptographic one (demonstrating its equivalence to the Vernam Cipher). 1
Variant rs9939609 in the FTO gene is associated with body mass index among Chinese children (2010)

Genetic variation in the FTO gene associates with obesity in Chinese children.
Fixed Point Approaches to the Estimation of O/D Matrices Using Traffic Counts on Congested Networks (2001)

Over recent years, increasing attention has been devoted to the problem of estimating Origin/Destination (O/D) matrices by using traffic counts, named in the following O/D Count Based Estimation (ODCBE) problem. These methods combine traffic flow measures with other available information to “correct” and improve an initial estimate of the O/D trip matrix. Virtually all models and procedures proposed in the literature are formulated as mathematical programming problems. Most ODCBE models use a relationship relating traffic counts to the unknown O/D matrix; this relationship is often in the form of an explicit estimate of the assignment matrix, i.e., of the fractions of O/D flows using each link of the network for which traffic counts are available. The computation of the assignment matrix is not trivial for congested networks, where travel costs and path choice fractions depend on flows. This problem has been dealt with in relatively few papers in the literature, usually formulated as a bilevel optimisation model under the assumption of a Deterministic User Equilibrium (DUE) assignment model. In this paper, the general within-day static ODCBE problem for congested networks is formulated as a fixed-point problem of an implicit function which results from the solution of a mathematical programming problem. In other words, the solution of the ODCBE problem is an O/D matrix that, once assigned to the network, reproduces flows and costs consistent with the values used to compute the assignment matrix. Fixed-point theorems and algorithms have been extended to the problem at hand. Different fixed-point algorithms, namely, Functional Iteration, Method of Successive Averages, and Method of Successive Averages with Decreasing Reinitialisation are proposed, and their performances are compared on a small test network. It has been verified that all algorithms converge to the same solution, though with different speeds. Furthermore, the fixed-point solution outperforms the initial solution, both in terms of bias and capability to reproduce both counted and noncounted flows.
Prevention of Neonatal Hepatitis B Infection by High-Dose Hepatitis B Immune Globulin (1978)

NEONATAL infection with hepatitis B is potentially a severe disease1 , 2 and may later cause a large number of adults to be chronically infected with hepatitis B surface antigen HBsAg.3 Retrospective studies indicate that severe or fatal infection in the neonate is due to transmission early in the neonatal period.1 , 2 Two families have been described in which fatal hepatitis B infection developed in successive children.2 , 4 Both mothers were chronic carriers of HBsAg. In a third family fatal neonatal hepatitis B infection developed in four of six children of a chronic carrier.5 We report here a family in which such a fatal . . .
[Serotonin mediated synaptic transmission of inferior mesenteric ganglion of the guinea pig]. (1991)

By means of intracellular recording technique, it was observed that: (1) Application of serotonin (5-HT) caused in a portion of the neurons of the guinea pig inferior mesenteric ganglia (IMG) a slow depolarization similar to non-cholinergic late slow excitatory postsynaptic potential (ls-EPSP). (2) Prolonged superfusion of 5-HT markedly suppressed the ls-EPSP in 5-HT sensitive neurons. (3) The ls-EPSP elicited in 5-HT sensitive neurons as well as the 5-HT depolarization could be enhanced by fluoxetine 5-HT reuptake inhibitor; In contrast, the ls-EPSP of 5-HT insensitive neurons was not appreciably changed by this drug. (4) Pretreating the guinea pigs with para-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA), a 5-HT biosynthesis inhibitor, markedly reduced the occurrence rate and amplitude of ls-EPSP. These results indicate that ls-EPSP of the guinea pig IMG is possibly mediated by several transmitters including 5-HT.
Photochemical transformations of small-ring carbonyl compounds. XXVI. Ground-state and photochemical reactions in the thiacyclobutane series (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemical transformations of small-ring carbonyl compounds. XXVI. Ground-state and photochemical reactions in the thiacyclobutane seriesAlbert Padwa and Robert GruberCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1970, 35, 6, 1781–1788Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00831a014https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00831a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views133Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Sustained release of liposome-encapsulated enrofloxacin after intramuscular administration in rabbits (1995)

Enrofloxacin was encapsulated in multilamellar liposomes composed of phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol (molar ratio, 1:1), and its potential use as sustained release formulation was evaluated. The encapsulated drug was administered IM to rabbits (n = 6). Results indicated that absorption rate was slow, compared with previous studies; additionally, peak concentration was lower (0.5 +/- 0.1 microgram/ml), and the time to peak concentration was considerably longer for liposome-encapsulated enrofloxacin (1.5 +/- 1.08 hours) than for unencapsulated drug. Apparent elimination half-life of drug in the body was significantly (P < 0.05) increased (4.05 +/- 1.08 hours) when it was administered encapsulated in liposomes. Large-size liposomes containing enrofloxacin administered IM to rabbits gave sustained drug release from the injection site, providing therapeutic and prolonged plasma concentrations of drug in the body.
A technical and economic assessment of computer vision for industrial inspection and robotic assembly (1981)

The use of computer vision to detect, measure, and perhaps guide the assembly of man-made components is potentially a very significant research and development area. The efficacy of these techniques for any given application depends on both technical and economic considerations. This paper will explore both these considerations using appropriate generic examples. It is our goal to first present a concise discussion of the present state of many technical and economic factors and then extrapolate these factors into the future for the purpose of guiding further investigations.
Localization of angiogenic growth factors and their receptors in the human endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle and in recurrent miscarriage (2011)

This study confirms that the cycling endometrium is a highly angiogenic tissue and that this process is likely to be altered in women with a history of RM and may contribute to the aetiology of this condition.
Effect of digoxin on left ventricular contractility in newborns and infants estimated by echocardiography. (1979)

In view of the known susceptibility of newborns to digoxin intoxication this study was undertaken in order to evaluate the effect of a relatively low digoxin dose on left ventricular contractility of newborn infants. Left ventricular ejection time, enddiastolic diameter and endsystolic diameter were measured by echocardiography before digitalization as well as between 2 and 4 h after the first digoxin dose (group 1 : 16 patients) or after full digitalization (group 2 : 12 patients). From these data, shortening fraction (SF) and mean velocity of fiber shortening (mean Vcf) were calculated. We found that SF and mean Vcf increased significantly in both groups after the first digoxin dose and after full digitalization. The increase was equal in newborns and infants. The mean plasma digoxin concentration after full digitalization was 2.2 ng/ml (range 0.7--4.4 ng/ml). These results demonstrate clearly the positive inotropic effect of a relatively low digoxin dose in newborns.
Evidence of the Magnitude and Consequences of the Roundup Ready Soybean Yield Drag from University- Based Varietal Trials in 1998 (1999)

Over half the soybeans planted in the United States in 1999 are varieties genetically engineered to tolerate applications of the broad-spectrum, contact herbicide glyphosate manufactured by Monsanto Company (Trade Name, Roundup). Just a small fraction of soybeans produced in 1996 were “Roundup Ready ” -- varieties able to tolerate direct applications of glyphosate herbicide. The rapid adoption of Roundup Ready (RR) soybeans has been unprecedented in the history of American row-crop agriculture. No new genetic trait, nor any pesticide has so dramatically gained market share in such a short period of time. Roundup Ready soybeans have proven so popular with farmers because they greatly simplify the task of managing weeds and help farmers avoid a variety of problems associated with other herbicide-based weed management systems. They have proven especially popular among farmers who must complete weed management practices on a timely basis over hundreds to thousands of acres of soybeans. The success of RR soybeans is remarkable in light of the magnitude of the so-called Roundup Ready “yield drag. ” Under most conditions extensive evidence shows
Why Measure Behaviour? (1982)

The upsurge in the use of behavioural change techniques with children in education and residential settings has not always involved an equally strong commitment to behavioural measurement (by which is meant quantitative data collection relating to latency, duration or, most often, frequency of the target behaviour in question). This paper outlines several advantages, other than effectiveness evaluation, which accrue from behavioural measurement; in relation to (a) deciding whether to change behaviour, (b) deciding the type of intervention required, (c) assessment of caregiver skills and commitment, (d) therapeutic effects, (e) reinforcement, (f) analysis of critical variables and (g) analysis of caregiver attitudes and behaviour. Case examples are included throughout.
SSR‐based genetic linkage analysis of resistance to crown rust ( <i>Puccinia coronata</i> f. sp. <i>lolii</i> ) in perennial ryegrass ( <i>Lolium perenne</i> ) (2003)

Crown rust (caused by Puccinia coronata f. sp. lolii ) is a serious foliar disease of the pasture and turfgrass perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne ). Previous genetic studies have detected both qualitative and quantitative resistance mechanisms, and interpretation of the genetic system is complicated by variation within the sexually reproducing pathogen. Resistant and susceptible parental genotypes of ryegrass were identified using a composite urediniospore population collected from three geographically distinct locations. A two‐way pseudo‐testcross mapping population was obtained as the F 1 progeny of the pair‐cross between ryegrass parental genotypes Vedette 6 and Victorian 9 . Both parents showed intermediate resistance against a pathogen population collected in a single geographical zone (Hamilton, Victoria), but in the F 1 population, significant variation for a range of resistance‐associated characters was detected. Statistical analysis of phenotypic data suggested a major gene effect, hence bulked segregant analysis with map‐assigned simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers was used to scan the genome. A marker showing strong association with resistance was assigned to linkage group (LG) 2 of perennial ryegrass. Analysis of 11 LG2 SSR markers defined an interval between loci xlpssrh03f03 and xlpssrk02e02 as containing the gene or genes ( LpPc1 ) conferring crown rust resistance. Resistance gene determinants were inherited from both parents, with up to 80% of the total phenotypic variation explained by markers segregating from Vedette 6 and up to 26% of the variation explained by markers segregating from Victorian 9 . The two contributions together resulted in an additive increase in effect, with fully resistant individuals requiring determinants from both parents. A conserved syntenic relationship was observed with linkage group B of Avena strigosa , which is the location of a cluster of resistance genes to the oat form of crown rust. The implications of this study for marker‐assisted selection of disease resistance in perennial ryegrass are discussed.