gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Feedback EDF scheduling exploiting hardware-assisted asynchronous dynamic voltage scaling (2005)

Recent processor support for dynamic frequency and voltage scaling (DVS) allows software to affect power consumption by varying execution frequency and supply voltage on the fly. However, processors generally enter a sleep state while transitioning between frequencies/voltages. In this paper, we examine the merits of hardware/software co-design for a feedback DVS algorithm and a novel processor capable of executing instructions during frequency/voltage transitions. We study several power-aware feedback schemes based on earliest-deadline-first (EDF) scheduling that adjust the system behavior dynamically for different workload characteristics. An infrastructure for investigating several hard real-time DVS schemes, including our feedback DVS algorithm, is implemented on an IBM PowerPC 405LP embedded board. Architecture and algorithm overhead is assessed for different DVS schemes. Measurements on the experimentation board provide a quantitative assessment of the potential of energy savings for DVS algorithms as opposed to prior simulation work that could only provide trends. Energy consumption, measured through a data acquisition board, indicates a considerable potential for real-time DVS scheduling algorithms to lower energy up to 64% over the naïve DVS scheme. Our feedback DVS algorithm saves at least as much and often considerably more energy than previous DVS algorithms with peak savings of an additional 24% energy reduction. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comparative study of real-time DVS algorithms on a concrete micro-architecture and the first evaluation of asynchronous DVS switching.
<i>In situ</i>manipulation and electrical characterization of multiwalled carbon nanotubes by using nanomanipulators under scanning electron microscopy (2007)

The results of in situ manipulation and electrical transport characterization of individual multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) grown on a nickel tip by using a piezoelectric nanomanipulation system operating in a scanning electron microscope chamber have been reported. The growth of MWCNT directly on nickel wire by chemical vapor deposition technique ensures good electrical contact with the catalyst substrate. Using the electron beam induced welding, a full characterization of electronic properties of several MWCNTs has been explored without the usual postprocessing methods which may alter, in principle, the intrinsic properties of the carbon nanotube (CNT). Thanks to the high mechanical and electrical stability ensured by the electron beam welding procedure, a detailed study of the modification of CNT electrical transport properties under CNT buckling has been performed. The crucial role played by the structural defects in determining an irreversibility of a long MWCNT $I\text{\ensuremath{-}}V$ characteristic under mechanical stress has been clearly evidenced. Finally, by a proper sequence of CNT/tip welding and movement, the potential in creating an Ohmic junction between two nanotubes has been demonstrated, opening the route to a systematic investigation of one of the most fundamental aspect of CNT physics.
Legal Internship in Missouri (1970)

Missouri has four excellent law schools. However, they have been operating at a disadvantage compared to schools in states providing for law student internship. The law students, the state, and the bar in states permitting student internship have a tremendous opportunity to reap such inestimable benefits as increased legal services for the poor, relief for the bar from some of the burden of providing legal services in non-fee producing cases, an increased awareness on the part of law students of the law's relation to the problems of society, and an increased competence of lawyers educated in the schools of the state. The goal of this comment is to review the purpose of the Missouri rule, to outline the provisions proposed, and to review the legal precedent for such a program.
Spread spectrum techniques for indoor wireless IR communications (2003)

Multipath dispersion and fluorescent light interference are two major problems in indoor wireless infrared communications systems. Multipath dispersion introduces intersymbol interference at data rates above 10 Mb/s, while fluorescent light induces severe narrowband interference to baseband modulation schemes commonly used such as OOK and PPM. This article reviews the research into the application of direct sequence spread spectrum techniques to ameliorate these key channel impairments without having to resort to complex signal Processing techniques. The inherent properties of a spreading sequence are exploited in order to combat the ISI and narrowband interference. In addition, to reducing the impact of these impairments, the DSSS modulation schemes have strived to be bandwidth-efficient and simple to implement. Three main DSSS waveform techniques have been developed and investigated. These are sequence inverse keying, complementary sequence inverse keying, and M-ary biorthogonal keying (MBOK). The operations of the three systems are explained; their performances were evaluated through simulations and experiments for a number of system parameters, including spreading sequence type and length. By comparison with OOK, our results show that SIK, CSIK, and MBOK are effective against multipath dispersion and fluorescent light interference because the penalties incurred on the DSSS schemes are between 0-7 dB, while the penalty on OOK in the same environment is more than 17 dB. The DSSS solution for IR wireless transmission demonstrates that a transmission waveform can be designed to remove the key channel impairments in a wireless IR system.
Applications of polymer electrets for pollution studies (1988)

The analysis and identification of the pollutants sticking onto the surfaces of electrets prepared from polymethylmethacrylate and polytetrafluoroethylene have been done by scanning electron microscopic, mass spectrometric, and near infrared spectrophotometric techniques. Electret samples exposed to atmospheres containing carbon tetrachloride, xylene, and acetone at their saturation vapor densities, individually, and in mixed atmospheric conditions of carbon tetrachloride and acetone have shown characteristic spectra of these pollutants. Scanning electron microscopic studies of the exposed electret samples have also shown corresponding structural changes. These studies have clearly indicated that electrets are efficient devices for collecting, detecting, and even controlling various types of pollutants.
Effects of Pasteurella haemolytica lipopolysaccharide on selected functions of bovine leukocytes. (1986)

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was obtained from Pasteurella haemolytica serotype 1, using phenol-water extraction, and was evaluated for its ability to modify the biological activity of bovine leukocytes. The LPS was not toxic to polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN). The LPS preparation had little effect on random migration of PMN or mononuclear leukocytes (MNL), but caused a 2.5- to 3- fold increase in migration of cells within a whole peripheral blood leukocyte preparation. Phagocytosis of [125I]-labeled Staphylococcus aureus by PMN decreased with low (2.5 micrograms/10(6) cells) and high (65 micrograms/10(6) cells) concentrations of LPS and increased with moderate concentrations of LPS (5 to 25 micrograms/10(6) cells). The LPS enhanced nitroblue tetrazolium reduction by PMN. Moderate LPS concentrations (25 to 50 micrograms/10(6) cells) were mitogenic for MNL, whereas high LPS concentrations (300 micrograms/10(6) inhibited [3H]thymidine incorporation by MNL.
Response Surface Methodology to Study Fat Destabilization and Development of Overrun in Ice Creams Produced with Polyunsaturated Safflower Oil and Milk Fat Blends (1984)

Effects of safflower oil concentration (0 to 52% of the total fat), emulsifier concentration (0 to .32%), and freezing temperature (-5.3 to -2.5C) on maximum overrun and fat destabilization of ice cream were studied.
Reduced use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents and intravenous iron with ferric citrate: a managed care cost-offset model (2013)

The use of FC in ESRD patients with hyperphosphatemia may help reduce treatment costs.
Immunocytochemical localization of choline acetyltransferase in rat cerebral cortex: A study of cholinergic neurons and synapses (1985)

Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), the acetylcholine-synthesizing enzyme and a definitive marker for cholinergic neurons, was localized immunocytochemically in the motor and somatic sensory regions of rat cerebral cortex with monoclonal antibodies. ChAT-positive (ChAT+) varicose fibers and terminal-like structures were distributed in a loose network throughout the cortex. Some immunoreactive cortical fibers were continuous with those in the white matter underlying the cortex, and many of these fibers presumably originated from subcortical cholinergic neurons. ChAT+ fibers appeared to be rather evenly distributed throughout all layers of the motor cortex, but a subtle laminar pattern was evident in the somatic sensory cortex, where lower concentrations of fibers in layer IV contrasted with higher concentrations in layer V. Electron microscopy demonstrated that immunoreaction product was concentrated in synaptic vesicle-filled profiles and that many of these structures formed synaptic contacts. ChAT+ synapses were present in all cortical layers, and the majority were of the symmetric type, although a few asymmetric ones were also observed. The most common postsynaptic elements were small to medium-sized dendritic shafts of unidentified origin. In addition, ChAT+ terminals formed synaptic contacts with apical and, probably, basilar dendrites of pyramidal neurons, as well as with the somata of ChAT-negative nonpyramidal neurons. ChAT+ cell bodies were present throughout cortical layers II-VI, but were most concentrated in layers II-III. The somata were small in size, and the majority of ChAT+ neurons were bipolar in form, displaying vertically oriented dendrites that often extended across several cortical layers. Electron microscopy confirmed the presence of immunoreaction product within the cytoplasm of small neurons and revealed that they received both symmetric and asymmetric synapses on their somata and proximal dendrites. These observations support an identification of ChAT+ cells as nonpyramidal intrinsic neurons and thus indicate that there is an intrinsic source of cholinergic innervation of the rat cerebral cortex, as well as the previously described extrinsic sources.
Über die Strukturaufklärung von (Hydroxy‐oxo‐cyclopentenyl)alkansäuren, den Aldolkondensationsprodukten von Dioxoencarbonsäuren aus Rinderleber (1985)

Structure Elucidation of (Hydroxy‐oxo‐cyclopentenyl)alkanoic Acids, the Aldol‐Condensation Products of Dioxoene Acids from Cattle Liver During homogenization of cattle liver the highly instable dioxoene acids 13a , 13b , and 13c are formed. These acids cyclize in alkaline solution to yield pairs of stable (hydroxy‐oxo‐cyclopentenyl)alkanoic acids, which were isolated as methyl esters 4a / 5a , 4b / 5b , and 4c / 5c . The structures of these compounds were deduced from an enriched 3‐mg mixture sample by microchemical reactions combined with a GC/MS analysis of the reaction products. Compound 13a was obtained as methyl ester by oxidation of the methyl ester of the corresponding F‐acid with NaOCl. It was not possible to isolate 13a in pure form due to its high sensitivity. Instead of the methyl ester of 13a , 4a and 5a were isolated, of which the structures were established.
Vitamin D in Oxidative Stress and Diseases (2017)

The data described in this chapter consider some new information about the benefits of vitamin D3 comparing the results obtained by the authors on the effects of vitamin D3 during oxidative stress with other works available in the literature. In particular, vitamin D3 can induce a concentration-dependent increase in endothelial NO production through eNOS activation consequential to the phosphorylation of p38, AKT, and ERK. Additional information obtained by the author is about the ability of vitamin D3 to prevent the endothelial cell death through modulation of interplay between apoptosis and autophagy. This effect is obtained by inhibiting superoxide anion generation, maintaining mitochondria function and cell viability, activating survival kinases (ERK and Akt), and inducing NO production. The results also describe that vitamin D3 causes human endothelial cell proliferation and migration in a 3-D matrix through NO-dependent mechanisms. These findings support the role of vitamin D3 in the human angiogenic process, suggesting new applications for vitamin D3 in tissue repair and wound healing. Finally, that the authors have demonstrated the ability of vitamin D3 to counteract negative effects of oxidative stress in brain cells. These data suggest the potential therapeutic use of vitamin D to treat or prevent degenerative brain diseases.
Interstitial Flow as a Guide for Lymphangiogenesis (2003)

The lymphatic system is important in tissue fluid balance regulation, immune cell trafficking, edema, and cancer metastasis, yet very little is known about the sequence of events that initiate and coordinate lymphangiogenesis. Here, we characterize the process of lymphatic regeneration by uniquely correlating interstitial fluid flow and lymphatic endothelial cell migration with lymphatic function. A new model of skin regeneration using a collagen implant in a mouse tail has been developed, and it shows that (1) interstitial fluid channels form before lymphatic endothelial cell organization and (2) lymphatic cell migration, vascular endothelial growth factor-C expression, and lymphatic capillary network organization are initiated primarily in the direction of lymph flow. These data suggest that interstitial fluid channeling precedes and may even direct lymphangiogenesis (in contrast to blood angiogenesis, in which fluid flow proceeds only after the vessel develops); thus, a novel and robust model is introduced for correlating molecular events with functionality in lymphangiogenesis.
Felons, Firearms, and Federalism: Reconsidering Scarborough in Light of Lopez (2001)

The application of the federal prohibition of felons possessing firearms is a stretch of the Commerce Clause. Most cases involve a felon who merely happened to be in possession of a firearm. The only relationship to interstate commerce in these cases is that the firearms found were usually manufactured in another state. The application of this prohibition leaves the future of federalism in question.
Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins Modulate the Distribution and Extravasation of Ly6C/Gr1low Monocytes (2015)

Monocytes are heterogeneous effector cells involved in the maintenance and restoration of tissue integrity. However, their response to hyperlipidemia remains poorly understood. Here, we report that in the presence of elevated levels of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, induced by administration of poloxamer 407, the blood numbers of non-classical Ly6C/Gr1(low) monocytes drop, while the number of bone marrow progenitors remains similar. We observed an increased crawling and retention of the Gr1(low) monocytes at the endothelial interface and a marked accumulation of CD68(+) macrophages in several organs. Hypertriglyceridemia was accompanied by an increased expression of tissue, and plasma CCL4 and blood Gr1(low) monocyte depletion involved a pertussis-toxin-sensitive receptor axis. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that a triglyceride-rich environment can alter blood monocyte distribution, promoting the extravasation of Gr1(low) cells. The behavior of these cells in response to dyslipidemia highlights the significant impact that high levels of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins may have on innate immune cells.
[Association between miR-34a expression and recurrence after radical resection of colorectal cancer]. (2013)

The down-regulated expression of miR-34a in colorectal cancer patients is associated with recurrence after radical operation. miR-34a may be a marker to predict tumor recurrence and metastasis of colorectal carcinoma.
Nerve Growth Factor Induces the Expression of Functional FSH Receptors in Newly Formed Follicles of the Rat Ovary (2002)

The neurotrophin nerve growth factor (NGF) and its two membrane-anchored receptors are expressed in the developing ovary before the organization of the first primordial follicles. In the absence of NGF, the growth of primordial follicles is retarded, indicating that NGF contributes to facilitating early follicular development. The present experiments were undertaken to determine whether NGF can also be involved in the differentiation process by which ovarian follicles become responsive to gonadotropins. Treatment of 2-d-old rat ovaries in organ culture with NGF increased FSH receptor (FSHR) mRNA within 8 h of exposure. This effect was cAMP-independent but additive to the cAMP-mediated increase in FSHR gene expression induced by either forskolin or vasoactive intestinal peptide, a neurotransmitter previously shown to induce FSHR formation in neonatal rat ovaries. After NGF treatment, the ovary acquired the capacity of responding to FSH with cAMP formation and preantral follicular growth, indicating that exposure to the neurotrophin resulted in the formation of biologically active FSHRs. Quantitative measurement of FSHR mRNA demonstrated that the content of FSHR mRNA is reduced in the ovaries of mice carrying a null mutation of the NGF gene. These results indicate that one of the functions of NGF in the developing ovary is to facilitate the differentiation process by which early growing follicles become gonadotropin-dependent during postnatal life, and that it does so by increasing the synthesis of FSHRs.
Microfracture is more cost-effective than autologous chondrocyte implantation: a review of level 1 and level 2 studies with 5 year follow-up (2017)

III.
Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus Encoding IL12 Controls Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Growth and Metastasis (2020)

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a difficult-to-treat disease with high rates of local recurrence, distant metastasis, and poor overall survival with existing therapies. Thus, there is an unmet medical need to develop new treatment regimen(s) for TNBC patients. An oncolytic herpes simplex virus encoding a master anti-tumor cytokine, interleukin 12, (designated G47Δ-mIL12) selectively kills cancer cells while inducing anti-tumor immunity. G47Δ-mIL12 efficiently infected and killed murine (4T1 and EMT6) and human (HCC1806 and MDA-MB-468) mammary tumor cells <i>in vitro</i>. <i>In vivo</i> in the 4T1 syngeneic TNBC model, it significantly reduced primary tumor burden and metastasis, both at early and late stages of tumor development. The virus-induced local and abscopal effects were confirmed by significantly increased infiltration of CD45<sup>+</sup> leukocytes and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells, and reduction of granulocytic and monocytic MDSCs in tumors, both treated and untreated contralateral, and in the spleen. Significant trafficking of dendritic cells (DCs) were only observed in spleens of virus-treatment group, indicating that DCs are primed and activated in the tumor-microenvironment following virotherapy, and trafficked to lymphoid organs for activation of immune cells, such as CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells. DC priming/activation could be associated with virally enhanced expression of several antigen processing/presentation genes in the tumor microenvironment, as confirmed by NanoString gene expression analysis. Besides DC activation/priming, G47Δ-mIL12 treatment led to up-regulation of CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell activation markers in the tumor microenvironment and inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. The anti-tumor effects of G47Δ-mIL12 treatment were CD8-dependent. These studies illustrate the ability of G47Δ-mIL12 to immunotherapeutically treat TNBC.
Research Progress of Laser Drivers for Inertial Fusion Energy (2006)

A brief introduction to the inertial fusion energy (IFE) and its fundamental requirements for beamdrivers is presented, and then the progress of high-average-power-laser developed for IFE isemphasized. Finally, other issues related to IFE and the timetable are also presented.
EXTERNAL PLATE REINFORCEMENT FOR STRENGTHENING CONCRETE BEAMS (1996)

The paper presents an investigation of how strengthening concrete beams for shear forces, by attaching steel plates to their external surfaces, could provide a practical solution for upgrading concrete bridges to carry heavier loads. It first discusses the advantages and disadvantages of bolted construction, and briefly describes the instrumentation and test procedure used. An experimental study was conducted on two beams, with 2mm and 6mm thick plates bolted to their vertical sides. The first part of its test studied the behaviour of the beams at design service load, and the second part took the beam to failure. It was found that the plates considerably increased the shear strength capacity. External plates can also be designed to increase the flexural capacity at the same time. As expected, the plates failed in shear, but their mode of failure was ductile, and controlled by their yielding and local buckling. Although the number of tests was limited, the experimental study showed that this method of construction could be both practical and reliable for strengthening existing in-situ concrete beams. Further tests, covering a range of beam geometries and plate sizes, will be needed to confirm the findings of this preliminary investigation.
Influence of Forging on Static Pricing Scheme for Priority Services (2005)

The influence of ISP's ( internet service provider) forging on static pricing scheme for priority services is analyzed. If ISP is honest, besides the price, after users enter the network market, it can't affect the market; if it forges, it can change its utility. The economical analysis proves that forging is possible, when ISP gains more than its loss, ISP will take the action. In response to forging, users may adapt their traffic allocation vectors to maximize their net benefit. If users will submit more traffic or in higher priority service class, ISP gains from the behavior, if users will submit less traffic or even exits the market, ISP 's utility decrease. The market is completely different from before, forging changes the market. Several examples are presented to illustrate the results. At the same time, how the utility function and the willingness to pay affect forging is discussed.
Lipase‐mediated Acidolysis of Fully Hydrogenated Soybean Oil with Conjugated Linoleic Acid (2004)

ABSTRACT: Interesterification (acidolysis) of fully hydrogenated soybean oil (melting point = 69.9 °C) with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) was carried out in a batch reactor at 75 °C. Lipases from Candida antarctica, Rhizomucor miehei, Pseudomonas sp., and Thermomyces lanuginosus were used at 5% (wt/wt) of the total substrate load. The lipase from Rhizomucor miehei produced the fastest reaction rates, and the greatest extent of incorporation of CLA residues in acylglycerols was achieved in 12 h. Lipases from C. antarctica and T. lanuginosus produced slower initial rates, and maximum extents of incorporation of CLA residues were achieved in 24 h. The lipase from Pseudomonas sp. produced the slowest initial rate. The corresponding maximum extent of incorporation was reached in 48 h. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis of the triacylglycerol (TAG) fractions produced by C. antarctica, R. miehei , and T. lanuginosus lipases after purification by solid phase extraction showed little variation in melting point (60.4 °C, 62.8 °C, and 60.1 °C, respectively). By contrast, the corresponding TAG fraction produced by the Pseudomonas sp. lipase melted at 48.4 °C. The positional distribution of the TAGs produced by the lipase from Pseudomonas sp. differed appreciably from those produced by the other enzymes.