gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of many developmentally regulated genes in Myxococcus depends on a sequence of cell interactions. (1987)

Certain developmental mutants of Myxococcus xanthus can be complemented extracellularly by wild-type cells. These mutants behave as if they are defective in cell-cell interactions that are required for development. There may be several different interactions because the mutants belong to four extracellular complementation groups (A, B, C, and D). We report here that B- and C- mutations change the pattern of gene expression during Myxococcus development as detected by transcriptional fusions to lacZ mediated by Tn5 lac. The mutant C locus reduced or abolished developmental beta-galactosidase expression from 15 lac fusions that normally begin to be expressed in wild-type cells after 6 hr of development. Expression of these C-dependent lac fusions was restored to C- mutants by adding wild-type cells. The C- mutation did not affect the expression of 10 lac fusions that normally begin to be expressed before 6 hr of development, indicating that the C-mediated cell-cell interaction is required beginning at about 6 hr of development. Cells require the B+ function very early in development because a B- mutation reduced or abolished developmental beta-galactosidase expression from all 26 lac fusions tested, including some that normally begin to be expressed at the onset of development. In a C- mutant and in a B- mutant, some lac fusions responded with reduced beta-galactosidase expression, whereas other fusions, which would normally begin beta-galactosidase expression at about the same time during development, expressed no beta-galactosidase, indicating that developmental genes within a given temporal class display different sensitivities to the absence of cell-cell interactions. Requirements for B+ and C+ function, as well as the previously described A+ function, appear to lie on the same developmental pathway.
Machine current signature analysis as a way for fault detection in permanent magnet motors in elevators (2008)

This paper focuses on the experimental investigation for incipient fault detection and fault detection methods suitably adapted for use in permanent-magnet motors for direct-drive elevator systems. The proposed system diagnoses permanent-magnet motors having two types of faults such as short circuit of stator windings and bearing fault. After processing current data the classical fast Fourier transform is applied to detect characteristics under the healthy and various faulted conditions with MCSA.
The critical years (1984)

v. 1. The pioneer days -- v. 2. The growing years -- v. 3. The critical years / rev. and edited by Richard Wilson, from a text prepared by W. Freeman Galpin and Oscar T. Barck, Jr. -- v. 4. The Tolley years, 1942-1969 by John Robert Greene with Karrie A.Baron -- v. 5. The Eggers years / John Robert Greene with Karrie A. Baron, Debora D. Hall, and Matthew Sharp.
Anhydrotrypsin and Trypsin: Subtle Difference in the Active-site Conformations Detected by Chemical Modification and CD Spectroscopy1 (1977)

The reactivities of the active-site histidine residue in bovine trypsin and its anhydro-derivative, as well as in Streptomyces griseus trypsin and its anhydro-derivative have been compared. The reactivity with TLCK was found to be lost in both of the anhydrotrypsins. On the other hand, alkylation by iodoacetamide either in the presence or absence of 1-methylguanidine proceeded faster in anhydrotrypsins than in trypsins. These differential responses to alkylating reagents are discussed in terms of a subtle change in the active-site conformation which occurs during the conversion of trypsin into anhydrotrypsin. The examination of difference CD spectra, produced by interaction with benzamidine or beta-naphthamidine, also suggested a conformational difference of the active-site between the proteins of bovine origin.
Video reviews: USER INTERFACE STRATEGIES '88 (1989)

For this review, the tapes were viewed by members of the Human-Computer Interaction Research Group at the University of Guelph. Some reviewers watched the whole series, some only one segment. Each segment was reviewed by at least two people. All the reviewers have competence in user interface design, but the reviewers saw both topics in which they had expertise and other areas with which they were not as familiar.
Molecular chaperones are nanomachines that catalytically unfold misfolded and alternatively folded proteins (2014)

By virtue of their general ability to bind (hold) translocating or unfolding polypeptides otherwise doomed to aggregate, molecular chaperones are commonly dubbed "holdases". Yet, chaperones also carry physiological functions that do not necessitate prevention of aggregation, such as altering the native states of proteins, as in the disassembly of SNARE complexes and clathrin coats. To carry such physiological functions, major members of the Hsp70, Hsp110, Hsp100, and Hsp60/CCT chaperone families act as catalytic unfolding enzymes or unfoldases that drive iterative cycles of protein binding, unfolding/pulling, and release. One unfoldase chaperone may thus successively convert many misfolded or alternatively folded polypeptide substrates into transiently unfolded intermediates, which, once released, can spontaneously refold into low-affinity native products. Whereas during stress, a large excess of non-catalytic chaperones in holding mode may optimally prevent protein aggregation, after the stress, catalytic disaggregases and unfoldases may act as nanomachines that use the energy of ATP hydrolysis to repair proteins with compromised conformations. Thus, holding and catalytic unfolding chaperones can act as primary cellular defenses against the formation of early misfolded and aggregated proteotoxic conformers in order to avert or retard the onset of degenerative protein conformational diseases.
Sliding charge-density wave in two-dimensional rare-earth tellurides (2012)

Nonlinear transport properties are reported in the layered DyTe${}_{3}$ compound at a temperature below the charge-density-wave (CDW) transition ${T}_{P}=302$ K. Conductivity increases sharply above the threshold electric field. Under application of a rf field, Shapiro steps are clearly observed. These features demonstrate CDW sliding in two-dimensional compounds.
N-Acetylcysteine Enhances Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity in Neutrophils and Mononuclear Cells from Healthy Adults and Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients (1995)

Patients with AIDS have decreased levels of the intracellular antioxidant, glutathione, in their circulating lymphocytes and plasma. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) increases intracellular stores of glutathione and has direct antioxidant properties. In this study, the effects of glutathione and NAC on the cytotoxicity of neutrophils and mononuclear cells were tested using cells from healthy controls and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. NAC (1 and 5 mM) enhanced the antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) of neutrophils from healthy adult controls and HIV-infected adults and children. The antineoplastic drug, 1,3 bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU), which depletes intracellular glutathione, inhibited the ADCC of neutrophils; the addition of NAC partially reversed this inhibition. Similar effects of BCNU and NAC were seen when the cytotoxicity of mononuclear cells was tested using CEM tumor cells bearing the HIV gp120 antigen as targets. Thus, NAC enhances various forms of cytotoxicity and may be beneficial to AIDS patients whose defects in leukocyte cytotoxicity may be due to glutathione depletion.
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (1973)

ABSTRACT: This paper examines some of the known facts about the “Sudden Infant Death” syndrome, such as its occurrence in the past, some of the theories and hypotheses proposed and rejected or unproven concerning its etiology, and a description of typical findings upon investigation of such a death. The psychological damage to the parents is presented as a problem to be considered in the approach and attitude of the coroner, police, examining physician, and general public including neighbors and relatives. Two parent self‐help groups have been formed recently in the hope of eliminating the guilt that is often an accompaniment to grief. Their goals are educating the public so that an unexplained death is not automatically suspect, and research to find the cause. It is proposed that this death without apparent cause is psychologically traumatic in our modern society of rational explanations.
Antimycobacterial drugs. (1994)

This review consists of the following three sections: (1) General principles in selecting antimycobacterial drugs for the treatment regimens, (2) The antimicrobial activity in vitro with an emphasis on inhibitory and bactericidal potency of various agents, and (3) Drug susceptibility testing including methodology and interpretation of the test results. Each of these sections addresses three groups of antimycobacterial agents: (1) against tuberculosis, (2) against Mycobacterium avium complex infections, and (3) against infections caused by M. fortuitum and M chelonae. The following are the drugs examined in the sections and subsections of this review: isoniazid, ethionamide, thiacetazone, rifampin, rifabutin, rifapentine, KRM-1648, pyrazinamide, streptomycin, kanamycin, amikacin, capreomycin, gentamicin, tobramycin, ethambutol, para-aminosalicylic acid, D-cycloserine, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, sparfloin, clofazimine, clarithromycin, azithromycin, erythromycin, cefoxitin, cefmetazole, imipenem, sulfamethoxazole, sulfisoxazole, sulfadiazine, sulfathiazole, trimethoprim, and doxycycline.
Diffraction-limited virtual point source microlenses (1995)

Fast cylindrical microlenses are an ideal solution for correcting astigmatism and beam ellipticity in laser diodes. Many laser diode applications require a diffraction limited non- astigmatic circular beam. The traditional way of accomplishing this is by use of an anamorphic prism pair in combination with a cylindrical lens. Through proper design it is possible to encompass the effects of these three elements in one microlens. Such an element is known as a virtual point source (VPS) microlens. The VPS microlens reduces the divergence of the fast- axis of a laser diode to that of the slow axis while at the same time forcing the fast and slow axis to appear to emanate from one point. Since a microlens has dimensions similar to those of multimode fibers it allows a laser diode to maintain its compact size while producing a diffraction limited circular wavefront. The design and implementation of the VPS microlens has been reported. A typical microlens has a working distance of 30 micrometers and requires sub-micron positioning accuracy as well as mounting techniques that can maintain this precision lens alignment over time. We address the issues of microlens characteristics, alignment tolerances, and bonding techniques.
Dry Testing of Water Spray Systems (1989)

Fire protection water spray systems are prone to blockages which can make them less effective in a fire situation. Testing these systems with water is unpopular with operators since it can cause major interference with plant operations. A number of candidate dry test methods have been considered in the present study. Following these considerations and a demonstration of the use of a mist-based system, it was decided to develop this method further. The principal objectives of the present study have been to optimise the performance of such a system and to produce design data which will facilitate the develop ment of equipment for a wide range of pipe networks including Halon fire ex tinguishing systems. The work included mathematical modelling of mist losses during pipe flow confirmed by laboratory tests. An investigation of the effect of partial blockage on mist emission and the determination of minimum mist density to ensure acceptable visibility was also carried out.
Antineural Antibodies in Guillain-Barre Syndrome and Lymphocytic Meningoradiculitis (Bannwarth's Syndrome) (1984)

Antineural antibodies occur in Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), but have not been studied in lymphocytic meningoradiculitis (Bannwarth's syndrome), which has clinical features in common with GBS. Employing a sensitive complement-fixation assay with homogenates of nerve root and brain as antigens, we recorded positive serum reactions to either tissue in 14 of 18 samples from patients with GBS during the first three weeks of the disease. Five of nine samples were positive during the fourth to eighth weeks, whereas all seven patients sampled thereafter had negative reactions. Four GBS serum samples reacted only with nerve root, seven reacted only with brain, and eight reacted with both antigen preparations. One of 12 patients with meningoradiculitis and one of 50 supposedly healthy blood donors had serum antibodies to brain. Our results support the concept of an autoimmune mechanism in GBS, while in Bannwarth's syndrome an infectious cause related to that of Lyme disease may be suspected.
Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers—thermostability in relation to composition (1984)

Abstract The dependence of thermal stability of poly(ester‐urethane) elastomers on their composition was investigated. For polyurethanes of hard segment content above 3070, hydroquinone di(β‐hy‐droxyethyl) ether (HQEE) is the choice for good thermomechanical stability while the stability of bisphenol‐A‐based polymers is rather poor. The temperature sensitivity of modulus was essential in the range of ‐30‐24OC, while in the range of 24–70°C i t is moderate. The modulus in the low temperature region depends on the nature of polyesterdiol. Its drop with temperature is lower for poly(hexamethy1ene carbonate) glycol (PHC)‐based polyurethanes than poly(ethy1ene‐adipate) glycol (PEAd)‐based ones. In the high temperature region it also depends on the nature and amount of hard segments. The thermal stability of 4,4′‐dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (SMD1)‐based polyurethanes is inferior to the one for 4,4′‐diphenylmethanediisocyanate (MD1)‐derived polymers.
Cultivo protegido de la papaya (carica papaya l.) en los invernaderos de Almería (2019)

En los ultimos anos, la papaya (Carica papaya L.) se ha establecido con gran interes como un cultivo rentable que contribuye en la diversificacion de la produccion de cultivos protegidos del Sureste espanol. Tras las experiencias en la zona que demuestran la viabilidad del cultivo y la adaptacion de esta especie en los invernaderos de Almeria, el primer paso ha sido la elaboracion de un ideotipo que reuna las caracteristicas de una variedad optima para el cultivo protegido de papaya en invernaderos del Sur de la Peninsula Iberica, basado en sus caracteristicas fenologicas y de crecimiento como de productividad y calidad (capitulo I). La seleccion de los cultivares comerciales de papaya mejor adaptados a la tipologia de invernaderos predominantes en Almeria, a su clima y al mercado europeo ha sido consecuentemente el siguiente paso (capitulo II). La determinacion del ciclo de trasplante idoneo para obtener los mayores rendimientos de cultivo ha sido objeto de estudio en el capitulo IV, mientras que el estudio de la respuesta del cultivo y la rentabilidad ante diferentes estrategias de control del clima ha constituido capitulo V, con la idea de enfrentar con los principales desafios del cultivo en los invernaderos de Almeria: temperaturas frescas en invierno y excesivamente altas en verano. Esta Tesis determina asimismo las causas subyacentes y el momento de aparicion de diferentes malformaciones florales descritas en papaya y su frecuencia estacional (capitulo III). Finalmente, los ultimos capitulos de la Tesis establecen el modelo de crecimiento del fruto en papaya y el tiempo y requerimientos termicos necesarios entre floracion y cosecha (capitulo VI), y determinan el nivel de carga optimo para la mejora del tamano y la calidad del fruto (capitulo VII).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 2,3‐DISUBSTITUTED 3‐QUINAZOLINONES (1975)

Abstract Durch Kondensation der aus den Benzoxazinonen (I) und den Aminen (II) erhältlichen Chinazolinone (III) mit den Aldehyden (IV) wurden die Verbindungen (V) dargestellt.
Type1 Interferons Potential Initiating Factors Linking Skin Wounds With Psoriasis Pathogenesis (2019)

Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin disease that can often be triggered upon skin injury, known as Koebner phenomenon. Type 1 interferons (IFNα and IFNβ), key cytokines that activate autoimmunity during viral infection, have been suggested to play an indispensable role in initiating psoriasis during skin injury. Type 1 IFN-inducible gene signature has been identified as one of the major upregulated gene signatures in psoriatic skin. Type 1 IFNs treatments often directly induce or exacerbate psoriasis, whereas blocking type 1 IFNs signaling pathway in animal models effectively inhibits the development of T cell-mediated skin inflammation and psoriasis-like inflammatory diseases. Epidermal keratinocytes (KCs) occupy the outermost position in the skin and are the first responder to skin injury. Skin injury rapidly induces IFNβ from KCs and IFNα from dermal plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) through distinct mechanisms. Host antimicrobial peptide LL37 potentiates double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) immune pathways in keratinocytes and single-stranded RNA or DNA pathways in pDCs, leading to production of distinct type 1 IFN genes. IFNβ from KC promotes dendritic cell maturation and the subsequent T cell proliferation, contributing to autoimmune activation during skin injury and psoriasis pathogenesis. Accumulating evidences have indicated an important role of this dsRNA immune pathway in psoriasis pathogenesis. Together, this review describes how skin injury induces type 1 IFNs from skin cells and how this may initiate autoimmune cascades that trigger psoriasis. Targeting keratinocytes or type 1 IFNs in combination with T cell therapy may result in more sustainable effect to treat auto-inflammatory skin diseases such as psoriasis.
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) - the third gas of interest for pharmacologists. (2007)

Nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) synthesized from L-arginine by NO synthase and from heme by heme oxygenase, respectively, are the well-known neurotransmitters and are also involved in the regulation of vascular tone. Recent studies suggest that hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) is the third gaseous mediator in mammals. H(2)S is synthesized from L-cysteine by either cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS) or cystathionine gamma-lyase (CSE), both using pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (vitamin B(6)) as a cofactor. H(2)S stimulates ATP-sensitive potassium channels (K(ATP)) in the vascular smooth muscle cells, neurons, cardiomyocytes and pancreatic beta-cells. In addition, H(2)S may react with reactive oxygen and/or nitrogen species limiting their toxic effects but also, attenuating their physiological functions, like nitric oxide does. In contrast to NO and CO, H(2)S does not stimulate soluble guanylate cyclase. H(2)S is involved in the regulation of vascular tone, myocardial contractility, neurotransmission, and insulin secretion. H(2)S deficiency was observed in various animal models of arterial and pulmonary hypertension, Alzheimer's disease, gastric mucosal injury and liver cirrhosis. Exogenous H(2)S ameliorates myocardial dysfunction associated with the ischemia/reperfusion injury and reduces the damage of gastric mucosa induced by anti-inflammatory drugs. On the other hand, excessive production of H(2)S may contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, septic shock, cerebral stroke and mental retardation in patients with Down syndrome, and reduction of its production may be of potential therapeutic value in these states.
Solubility of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide in aqueous methyldiethanolamine solutions (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolubility of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide in aqueous methyldiethanolamine solutionsFang Yuan Jou, Alan E. Mather, and Frederick D. OttoCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1982, 21, 4, 539–544Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i200019a001https://doi.org/10.1021/i200019a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3267Altmetric-Citations291LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Complementary Deoxyribonucleic Acid Cloning and Sequence Analysis of the α-Subunit of Inhibin from Chicken Ovarian Granulosa Cells1 (1993)

Using a porcine inhibin alpha-subunit cDNA as a probe, we have isolated four inhibin alpha-subunit cDNA clones (cINA6, cINA7, cINA9, and cINA12) from a cDNA library constructed from chicken ovarian granulosa layer mRNA. These four clones shared a common 3' end, and cINA6 (1585 bp) contains a complete open reading frame encoding for chicken inhibin alpha-subunit. The chicken inhibin alpha-subunit is predicted to be synthesized as a large precursor of 328 amino acids including a signal peptide region and several possible proteolytic sites. The mature alpha-subunit is the carboxyl-terminal fragment of 113 amino acids containing one glycosylation site and seven cysteine residues. Northern analysis of total RNA from various tissues revealed that chicken inhibin alpha-subunit mRNA is approximately 1.7 kb. It is present in the ovarian granulosa layer but not in the brain, kidney, liver, or spleen. The cDNA and its predicted polypeptide of chicken inhibin alpha-precursor are considerably homologous to their mammalian counterparts (86-89% and 61-63%, respectively).
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evidence of adrenaline administered via auto‐injector for anaphylactic reactions: A review of literature (2020)

Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that can lead to death if not treated quickly. Adrenaline (epinephrine) is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis and its prompt administration is vital to reduce mortality. Following a number of high-profile cases, serious concerns have been raised, both about the optimal dose of intramuscular adrenaline via an auto-injector and the correct needle length to ensure maximal penetration every time. To date, the public data are sparse on the pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics of adrenaline administered via an auto-injector. The limited available literature showed a huge variation in the plasma concentrations of adrenaline administered through an auto-injector, as well as variations in the auto-injector needle length. Hence, delivering an effective dose during an anaphylaxis remains a challenge for both patients and healthcare professionals. Collaborative work between pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics experts, clinical triallists and licence holders is imperative to address this gap in evidence so that we can improve outcomes of anaphylaxis. In addition, we advise inclusion of expertise of human factors in usability studies given the necessity of carer or self-administration in the uniquely stressful nature of anaphylaxis.