gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fundamental Properties of the CH···O Interaction:  Is It a True Hydrogen Bond? (1999)

Ab initio calculations are used to analyze the CH···O interaction between FnH3-nCH as proton donor and H2O, CH3OH, and H2CO as acceptor. The interaction is quite weak with CH4 as donor but is enhanced by 1 kcal/mol with each F added to the donor. The CH···O interaction behaves very much like a conventional OH···O H-bond in most respects, including shifts in electron density that accompany the formation of the bond and the magnitudes of the various components of the interaction energy. The two sorts of H-bonds also gravitate toward a similar equilibrium geometry and are comparably sensitive to deformations from that structure. In a quantitative sense, while both CH···O and OH···O prefer a linear configuration, the former is somewhat more easily bent and is less sensitive to stretches from its equilibrium H-bond length. Whereas the OH bond has been shown to stretch and undergo a red shift in its vibrational frequency upon formation of a H-bond, the CH bond of the molecules studied here follows the opposite trend, a contraction and a blue shift. Analysis demonstrates that this opposite pattern is not due to any fundamental distinction between the two interactions, since the same sets of forces are acting on both. It is concluded that the CH···O interaction can, indeed, be categorized as a true H-bond.
IN SITU Analysis Of The Growth Of Semiconductor Materials By Phase Modulated Ellipsometry From UV To IR (1990)

Examples of applications of in situ spectroscopic polarization techniques (from UV to IR) to the study of the growth of semiconductor materials are presented. The high sensitivity of these in situ diagnostics is emphasized. In particular, the ability of kinetic ellipsometry in the UV range, to study interfaces involving reactive processes like plasma deposition, with submonolayer resolution, is described. In the UV-visible range, it is shown that reflectance-difference spectroscopy (RDS) allows the real-time characterization of crystalline III-V materials and heterojunctions. In the infrared, ellipsometry appears particularly well adapted for performing detailed analysis of the vibrational properties and the growth processes of amorphous thin films. Such sensitivity to film deposition mechanisms illustrates the capacity of real-time optical diagnostics for fundamental studies and in situ control process.
Intelligent Traffic Control System Based on Cloud Computing and Big Data Mining (2019)

This article aims at discussing problems such as complex object types, large amount of data collection, high demand for transmission and calculation, and weak real-time scheduling and control ability in the construction of modern intelligent traffic information physical fusion network, cloud-based control system theory, modern intelligent traffic control network as the research object, and the physical design of the intelligent transportation information fusion cloud control system scheme. The scheme includes intelligent transportation edge control technology and intelligent transportation network virtualization technology. Based on intelligent traffic flow data, in the center of the cloud control management server using deep learning and overrun learning machine intelligence study methods, such as the forecast of traffic flow data for training, to predict urban road short-term traffic flow and congestion. Further up in the air by using intelligent optimization scheduling algorithm for real-time traffic flow control strategy, the simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Recruiting your school fundraising coordinator (2013)

Investing in a fundraising coordinator can have a substantial impact on your school. Brin Best explains how to recruit an effective fundraising coordinator for your school.
Effect of liquid characteristics on the wetting, capillary migration, and retention properties of fibrous polymer networks (2005)

Abstract Fluid penetration through porous networks consists of two different phenomena: (1) pore fluid displacement and (2) fluid flow through the pores. The first phenomenon depends on the pore size, the fluid–fluid interfacial tension, and the contact angle. The second phenomenon is pore‐size‐ and viscosity‐dependent. We adapted an experimental methodology often used for measurements of liquid permeability and hydraulic conductivity of soils and applied it to polymeric medical textiles. The methodology made use of a pressure/flow cell in which a sample was mounted. The flow rates were measured during sequences of increasing and decreasing pressures applied to the displacing nonwetting fluid (aqueous solution). The effects of the liquid parameters on penetration were investigated. Surface tension effects were studied with water and two solutions with surface tensions lower than that of pure water; the liquids with lower surface tensions had lower displacement pressures. To study viscosity effects, we used water and two solutions with viscosities higher than that of pure water. Increasing the viscosity not only caused the flow rate to decrease but also caused deformation, that is, enlargement, of the pores. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 282–292, 2005
A new block refresh concept for SOI floating body memories (2003)

In this paper, we describe a new memory refresh scheme (named "block refresh") to be used to further reduce power consumption and improve memory performance.
Final Safety Assessment for PCA and Sodium PCA (1999)

PCA is the cosmetic ingredient term used for the cyclic organic compound known commonly as pyroglutamic acid. Sodium PCA is the sodium salt of PCA. Both are used as hair and skin conditioning agents. These ingredients are recommended to be used in a concentration range of 0.2-4%. One optical isomer of PCA (the L form) is a naturally occurring component of mammalian tissue. PCA applied to the skin is absorbed to a limited extent. Absorption is in addition to PCA already present in the skin. In short-term and subchronic studies in several animal species, findings were unremarkable except for neurotoxicity in mice when injected interstriatally. No such findings were seen in similar studies using rats or with oral administration using mice. In animal studies, Sodium PCA was nonirritating to the eye and skin at concentrations up to 50%. No evidence of phototoxicity, sensitization, or comedogenicity was found. These ingredients were not genotoxic. In a range of clinical tests, PCA and Sodium PCA were found to be nonirritating and nonsensitizing (with and without UV exposure). Based on the low actual skin penetration of dermally applied PCA and in recognition of the endogenous levels found in the skin, it was considered that reproductive and developmental toxicity data were not critical to completion of the safety assessment. Based on the available data, it was concluded that PCA and Sodium PCA are safe as presently used in cosmetic formulations. These ingredients, however, should not be used in cosmetic products containing nitrosating agents.
Anterior surgery for cervical disc disease (1980)

Between 1971 and 1977, 334 patients at the Presbyterian-University Hospital underwent anterior surgery for treatment of hard or soft cervical disc herniation. Of these patients, 295 had radicular symptoms only. This retrospective study details the results of anterior cervical surgery for treatment of lateral disc herniation in 253 patients who survived 1 to 7 years postoperatively. Sixty-seven percent had excellent or good results. Although 77% initially noted complete relief of symptoms after surgery, 38% subsequently developed one or more recurrent symptoms at some time during the follow-up period. The overall results of surgery for soft disc cases were no different from the results for hard discs, although significantly more hard disc cases required postoperative conservative treatment. The results of surgery after anterior fusion were no different than the results after anterior discectomy alone. However, overall postoperative complications were more frequent and hospitalizations were longer in the patients who underwent fusion. Patients with multiple-level surgery had statistically similar results to those with single-level surgery. None of the nine preoperative clinical features reported by others to influence the results of anterior cervical surgery were found to consistently affect outcome in the present series.
In Vivo Confocal Microscopy of Long-standing Mixed-form Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis (2010)

In vivo LSCM is a useful tool to evaluate the morphology of VKC.
Moving Java into mobile phones (2002)

As mobile technology matures, handheld-device vendors are looking for ways to make their products more functional, and Java is one approach they are turning to. This is particularly the case with smart cellular phones, which are using Java to help add new capabilities. In smart phones, Java functions as a layer between the operating system and the hardware, or runs parallel to the OS within a separate chip.
Rural Radiotelephone Experiment at Cheyenne Wells, Colo. (1947)

The first rural party-line telephone service by radio installations operating on the subscribers' premises was inaugurated August 20, 1946. This paper describes the equipment used, how it operates, and the results obtained during the preliminary testing and the initial period of regular operation. Radio is one of several new methods which the Bell System is exploring in its program for extension of telephone service in rural areas. It is expected that experience gained in this experiment will aid in developing a standard rural radiotelephone system.
Bioinformatic analysis of chicken chemokines, chemokine receptors, and Toll-like receptor 21 (2006)

Chemokines triggered by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are small chemoattractant\nproteins, which mainly regulate leukocyte trafficking in inflammatory reactions via\ninteraction with G protein-coupled receptors. Forty-two chemokines and 19 cognate\nreceptors have been found in the human genome. Prior to this study, only 11 chicken\nchemokines and 7 receptors had been reported. The objectives of this study were to\nidentify systematically chicken chemokines and their cognate receptor genes in the\nchicken genome and to annotate these genes and ligand-receptor binding by a\ncomparative genomics approach. Twenty-three chemokine and 14 chemokine receptor\ngenes were identified in the chicken genome. The number of coding exons in these genes\nand the syntenies are highly conserved between human, mouse, and chicken although the\namino acid sequence homologies are generally low between mammalian and chicken\nchemokines. Chicken genes were named with the systematic nomenclature used in\nhumans and mice based on phylogeny, synteny, and sequence homology. The independent nomenclature of chicken chemokines and chemokine receptors suggests that\nthe chicken may have ligand-receptor pairings similar to mammals.\nThe TLR family represents evolutionarily conserved components of the patternrecognizing\nreceptors (PRRs) of the innate immune system that recognize specific\npathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) through their ectodomains (ECDs).\nTLR's ECDs contain 19 to 25 tandem copies of leucine-rich repeat (LRR) motifs. TLRs\nplay important roles in the activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and\nmodulation of antigen-specific adaptive immune responses. To date, nine TLRs have\nbeen reported in chicken, along with a non-functional TLR8. Two non-mammalian\nTLRs, TLR21 and TLR22, have been identified in pufferfish and zebrafish. The\nobjectives of this study were to determine if there is the existence of chicken genes\nhomologous to fish-specific TLRs, and if possible ligands of these receptors exist. After\nsearching the chicken genome sequence and EST database, a novel chicken TLR\nhomologous to fish TLR21 was identified. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the\nidentified chicken TLR is the orthologue of TLR21 in fish. Bioinformatic analysis of\npotential PAMP binding sites within LRR insertions showed that CpG DNA is the\nputative ligand of this receptor.
Mechanism of cellular rejection in transplantation (2008)

The explosion of new discoveries in the field of immunology has provided new insights into mechanisms that promote an immune response directed against a transplanted organ. Central to the allograft response are T lymphocytes. This review summarizes the current literature on allorecognition, costimulation, memory T cells, T cell migration, and their role in both acute and chronic graft destruction. An in depth understanding of the cellular mechanisms that result in both acute and chronic allograft rejection will provide new strategies and targeted therapeutics capable of inducing long-lasting, allograft-specific tolerance.
VLSI array processors: designs and applications (2003)

The key issues in designing an algorithm-oriented array processor are addressed in this tutorial. The author discusses how to express the parallelism and description of the space-time activities associated with a parallel algorithm, how to systematically derive a VLSI array hardware design, and how to apply the methodology to image/vision processing applications. The applications include 2-D convolution for edge detection, rank order filter for noise removal and artificial neural nets for associative classification.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Facile Synthesis of Hierarchical Mesoporous Honeycomb-like NiO for Aqueous Asymmetric Supercapacitors (2015)

Three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical nanostructures have been demonstrated as one of the most ideal electrode materials in energy storage systems due to the synergistic combination of the advantages of both nanostructures and microstructures. In this study, the honeycomb-like mesoporous NiO microspheres as promising cathode materials for supercapacitors have been achieved using a hydrothermal reaction, followed by an annealing process. The electrochemical tests demonstrate the highest specific capacitance of 1250 F g(-1) at 1 A g(-1). Even at 5 A g(-1), a specific capacitance of 945 F g(-1) with 88.4% retention after 3500 cycles was obtained. In addition, the 3D porous graphene (reduced graphene oxide, rGO) has been prepared as an anode material for supercapacitors, which displays a good capacitance performance of 302 F g(-1) at 1 A g(-1). An asymmetric supercapacitor has been successfully fabricated based on the honeycomb-like NiO and rGO. The asymmetric supercapacitor achieves a remarkable performance with a specific capacitance of 74.4 F g(-1), an energy density of 23.25 Wh kg(-1), and a power density of 9.3 kW kg(-1), which is able to light up a light-emitting diode.
Protecting availability in complex computer environments (1995)

As online business dependencies continue to rise and at the same time tend to rely on more and more complex environments, the risk of computer service interruption, i.e. disruption rather than disaster, having a major effect on business rises dramatically. To combat this risk, products are emerging to automate the management of such demanding environments. This automation includes the use of management alerts, cross‐platform administration and centralized performance monitoring. Describes one such management system. Briefly gives an account of the system′s components, domains and technologies.
Gingival crevicular fluid and serum leptin: their relationship to periodontal health and disease (2007)

These results suggest that greater the periodontal destruction, lesser is the GCF leptin concentration and greater the serum leptin concentration.
Head Injured Men: Fifteen Years Later. (1969)

The highly selected subjects in this small monograph are all male veterans of World War II, who sustained head injuries during their tour of duty, but not all as the result of combat wounds. The "Cushing" group of 241 comprised men studied at Framingham, Mass, one to three years after injury, because of one or more seizures. They were studied again after ten years, and now, after 15 years. The other 123 men were taken from Army and VA pension rosters for a study in 1950 to 1954 (six to nine years after wounding), in an attempt to match degree of injury in a nonselected group of head-injured patients. The latter group actually comprises men with less severe head injuries. Examinations were made by two neurosurgeons, a psychologist, and an electroencephalographer. The purpose of the study was primarily to assess the state of men who developed epilepsy
Tailor-made subsurfaces (1989)

One of the good things about the surfaces of semiconductors is that, as well as their obvious technological importance, they display a fascinating range of structural reconstructions – the atoms at the surface are not arranged as if the bulk crystal structure were simply terminated on a plane, but suffer displacements which can lead to a different two-dimensional structure. An ideal surface of a tetrahedrally bonded system such as silicon tends to be unstable because the truncation of the bulk crystal breaks many bonds on the surface atomic layer. These dangling bonds can re-form if the surface atoms move from their ideal positions and form dimers or possibly adatoms. The complex structures actually observed, and in particular the famous 7×7 reconstruction of Si(111) (referring to the seven-fold increase in the size of the surface unit cell), are thought to result from satisfying as many dangling bonds as possible, while not increase the strain in the surface region by too much. This subtle balance can be altered by the presence of chemisorbed atoms; Al or Ga adsorption on Si(111), for example, induces a √3×√3 reconstruction.
Asymmetric Compute-and-Forward with CSIT (2014)

We present a modified compute-and-forward scheme which utilizes Channel State Information at the Transmitters (CSIT) in a natural way. The modified scheme allows different users to have different coding rates, and use CSIT to achieve larger rate region. This idea is applicable to all systems which use the compute-and-forward technique and can be arbitrarily better than the regular scheme in some settings.
Is it jolly SAD? (2003)

Examples of phasing macromolecular crystal structures based on single-wavelength anomalous dispersion (SAD) have demonstrated that this approach may have general applications in structural biology. With better data-collection facilities and cryogenic techniques, combined with powerful data-processing, phasing and density-modification programs, the SAD approach may prove simpler than phasing from multi-wavelength (MAD) measurements. It can be performed at any wavelength where anomalous scattering can be observed, in many cases using laboratory X-ray sources. However, there is still a need for accurate data, successful phase improvement and a certain amount of luck. This paper extends the discussion of Jolly SAD in Dauter et al. [Dauter, Z., Dauter, M. & Dodson, E. (2002), Acta Cryst. D58, 494-506].
Distinct Signaling Properties of Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Kinases 4 (MKK4) and 7 (MKK7) in Embryonic Stem Cell (ESC) Differentiation (2011)

Signal transduction pathways are integral components of the developmental regulatory network that guides progressive cell fate determination. MKK4 and MKK7 are upstream kinases of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), responsible for channeling physiological and environmental signals to their cellular responses. Both kinases are essential for survival of mouse embryos, but because of embryonic lethality, their precise developmental roles remain largely unknown. Using gene knock-out mouse ESCs, we studied the roles of MKK4 and MKK7 in differentiation in vitro. While MKK4 and MKK7 were dispensable for ESC self-renewal and pluripotency maintenance, they exhibited unique signaling and functional properties in differentiation. MKK4 and MKK7 complemented each other in activation of the JNK-c-Jun cascades and loss of both led to senescence upon cell differentiation. On the other hand, MKK4 and MKK7 had opposite effects on activation of the p38 cascades during differentiation. Specifically, MKK7 reduced p38 activation, while Mkk7(-/-) ESCs had elevated phosphorylation of MKK4, p38, and ATF2, and increased MEF2C expression. Consequently, Mkk7(-/-) ESCs had higher expression of MHC and MLC and enhanced formation of contractile cardiomyocytes. In contrast, MKK4 was required for p38 activation and Mkk4(-/-) ESCs exhibited diminished p-ATF2 and MEF2C expression, resulting in impaired MHC induction and defective cardiomyocyte differentiation. Exogenous MKK4 expression partially restored the ability of Mkk4(-/-) ESCs to differentiate into cardiomyocytes. Our results uncover complementary and interdependent roles of MKK4 and MKK7 in development, and identify the essential requirement for MKK4 in p38 activation and cardiomyocyte differentiation.
Predicting Older Australians' LeisureTime Physical Activity (2007)

Abstract Despite well-publicised health and social benefits of physical activity, liketheir younger counterparts, the majority of older people tend to lead relatively sedentary lives. This crosssectional study investigates the impact of residential locality, specifically whether older adults live in their own home in the community (n = 374) or in independent living units in retirement villages (n = 323), on participation in the leisuretime physical activities (LTPA) of walking, swimming, dancing and lawn bowls. The research illustrates that, despite being older andin poorer health, retirement village residents report greater frequency of participation in the LTPA of walking, dancing and lawn bowls than older Australians living in the community. As encouraging physical activity is a global public healthpriority, these findings suggest that a priority for future research is to investigate how and why the social and physical environment of retirement communitiesmight foster LTPA among older adults.
Sequencial Routing Optimization for Circuit Switched Networks (1984)

Nonhierarchical alternate routing is the simplest extension to the hierarchical routing currently used in telephone networks. In order to evaluate the merits of such a technique, it is necessary to be able to optimize some performance measure over the routing variables. In a first step, a short discussion is presented of the evaluation algorithms used for computing the end-to-end blocking probabilities in networks operating under nonhierarchicai alternate routings. Then the results of a statistical sampling of the routing space for a small network are presented, to illustrate important characteristics of the routing problem. Next, two heuristic optimization techniques are discussed, one based on classical steepest descent and the other inspired from classical routing optimization of traffic flows in transportation and communication networks. Acceleration techniques are discussed in both cases, and the convergences rates of the alorgithms are presented for a number of networks. A brief discussion is finally given of the usefulness of nonhierarchical alternate routing in reducing the blocking probability in already existing networks, and in decreasing the number of trunks required to maintain a prespecified grade of service, both in real and artificially generated networks.
Molecular Analysis of the Adiponectin Gene in Severely Obese Patients from Southern Italy (2008)

Our results confirmed that low serum levels of Acpr30 are related to severe obesity and a difference in protein expression is associated with variants in ACDC gene promoter region.