gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Magnetic Resonance and Dielectric Studies of a Nonlinear La<sub>3</sub>Ga<sub>5.5</sub>Ta<sub>0.5</sub>O<sub>14</sub>Single Crystal Doped with Erbium (2003)

Single cr yst al of er bium doped La 3 Ga 5 : 5 T a0 : 5 O1 4 gro wn by t he C zochralski metho d ha ve been investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance and dielectri c spectroscopy metho ds. Dielectri c permittivity " measurements performed in 90{ 440 K temp erature range ha ve show n negligi ble disp ersion for 1 k H z { 1 MH z fre quencies and a Curie{ W eiss typ e behavio ur w ith C = 4 77 00 K and = 340 K . Electron paramagnetic resonance studies ha ve revealed the presence of tw o dierent paramagneti c , mono cli ni c centres. T he calculated g factor v alues are: g = 1 : 44 9 ; g = 11 : 534 ; g = 4 : 24 for the main M centre and g = 1 : 9 82 ; g = 4 :1 69 ; g = 4 : 25 for the w eaker M centre. T he temp erature dep endence of E PR line intensity for centre M and M is quite dierent | while lines attributed to M could only b e observed at low temp eratures, below 20 K , lines of M centre persisted up to 200 K . T he M centre is connected w ith Er ion entering substituti onal l y into La site, w hile M is probably connected with 3 d ions at the same site, unintentionall y intro duced into the material as an admi xture.
Abnormal responsiveness of granulocyte-macrophage committed colony-forming cells from patients with chronic myeloid leukemia to inhibition by prostaglandin E1. (1980)

The formation of myeloid colonies in soft-agar cultures of normal human marrow was markedly inhibited by prostaglandin E. Morphological characterization of colonies in the presence or absence of prostaglandin E1 showed that inhibition was restricted to monocytoid rather than neutrophil differentiation. Myeloid colony formation by granulocyte-macrophage-commited colony-forming cells from patients with chronic myeloid leukemia was not inhibited even by high concentrations of prostaglandin E and was independent of colony morphology. The altered sensitivity of leukemic colony-forming cells to prostaglandin E was observed at all stages of the disease and persisted following chemotherapy-induced reversion to a partial or complete Philadelphia chromosome-negative bone marrow status. This evidence suggests that altered myeloid stem cell sensitivity to a normal regulatory factor may play a role in the pathophysiology of chronic myeloid leukemia.
Equal BER performance in linear successive interference cancellation for CDMA systems (2001)

In this contribution, we calculate the received power distribution required to obtain equal bit-error rate (BER) performance for all links in a code-division multiple-access system employing a linear successive interference cancellation (SIC) receiver at the base station for an additive white Gaussian noise channel. We show that the variance of the decision statistic of the linear SIC receiver can be formulated in a nonrecursive manner that allows calculation of the power profile necessary to obtain equal signal-to-noise-plus-interference ratios for all received signals when cancellation order is determined based on average power. When equal BER performance is required, this formulation allows capacity limits to be determined for a required signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) or an SINR limitation to be calculated for a given capacity. We also show that the power profiles required are significantly larger than those obtained when perfect cancellation is assumed, highlighting the inadequacy of such an assumption.
Role of Electrostatics and Salt Bridges in Stabilizing the Compound I Radical in Ascorbate Peroxidase (2005)

Cytochrome c (CcP) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) are heme peroxidases which have very similar active site structures yet differ substantially in the properties of compound I, the intermediate formed upon reaction with peroxides. Although both peroxidases have a tryptophan in the proximal heme pocket, Trp191 in CcP and Trp179 in APX, only Trp191 in CcP forms a stable cation radical while APX forms the more traditional porphyrin pi-cation radical. Previous work [Barrows, T. P., et al. (2004)Biochemistry 43, 8826-8834] has shown that converting three methionine residues in the cytochrome c peroxidase (CcP) proximal heme pocket to the corresponding residues in APX dramatically decreased the stability of the Trp191 radical in CcP compound I. On the basis of these results, we reasoned that replacing the analogous residues at positions 160, 203, and 204 in APX with methionine should stabilize a Trp179 radical in APX compound I. Steady- and transient-state kinetics of this mutant (designated APX3M) show a significant destabilization of the native porphyrin pi-radical, while electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) studies show an increase in the intensity of the signal at g = 2.006 with characteristics consistent with formation of a Trp radical. This hypothesis was tested by replacing Trp179 with Phe in the APX3M background. The EPR spectrum of this mutant was very similar to that of the CcP W191G mutant which is known to form a tyrosine radical. Previously published theoretical studies [Guallar, V., et al. (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100, 6998-7002] suggest that electrostatic shielding of the heme propionates also plays a role in the stability of the porphyrin radical. Arg172 in APX hydrogen bonds with one of the heme propionates. Replacing Arg172 with an asparagine residue in the APX3M background generates a mutant which no longer forms the full complement of the compound I porphyrin pi-radical. These results suggest that the electrostatics of the proximal pocket and the shielding of propionate groups by salt bridges are critical factors controlling the location of a stable compound I radical in heme peroxidases.
Gas Permeation Study of Carbon Tubular Membrane by Manipulating Carbonization Temperature Profile (2015)

Membrane-based separation technology has been widely applied for large-scale industrial CO2 capture due to its lower energy consumption and low pollutant production compared with other conventional techniques. The desirable properties in high performance gas separation membranes involve steps that must carefully be designed and controlled. This study investigates the role of carbonization temperature in the fabrication and performance analysis of carbon membranes prepared from polyimide. A commercial polyimide, Matrimid ® 5218, was coated on the surface of ceramic tube to produce supported polymer membrane. The prepared polymer membrane was then carbonized under nitrogen atmosphere to produce supported carbon membrane for CO 2 /CH 4 separation. The resulting carbon tubular membrane separation performance was evaluated using pure gas permeation test. Results showed that the suitable carbonization temperature for Matrimid-based carbon tubular membrane was at 850 °C. The highest selectivity for CO 2 /CH 4 of 82.47 was obtained from carbon tubular membrane prepared at 850 °C.
Mechanism-based selection of stabilization strategy for amorphous formulations: Insights into crystallization pathways (2017)

We developed a step-by-step experimental protocol using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic vapour sorption (DVS), polarized light microscopy (PLM) and a small-scale dissolution apparatus (μDISS Profiler) to investigate the mechanism (solid-to-solid or solution-mediated) by which crystallization of amorphous drugs occurs upon dissolution. This protocol then guided how to stabilize the amorphous formulation. Indapamide, metolazone, glibenclamide and glipizide were selected as model drugs and HPMC (Pharmacoat 606) and PVP (K30) as stabilizing polymers. Spray-dried amorphous indapamide, metolazone and glibenclamide crystallized via solution-mediated nucleation while glipizide suffered from solid-to-solid crystallization. The addition of 0.001%-0.01% (w/v) HPMC into the dissolution medium successfully prevented the crystallization of supersaturated solutions of indapamide and metolazone whereas it only reduced the crystallization rate for glibenclamide. Amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) formulation of glipizide and PVP K30, at a ratio of 50:50% (w/w) reduced but did not completely eliminate the solid-to-solid crystallization of glipizide even though the overall dissolution rate was enhanced both in the absence and presence of HPMC. Raman spectroscopy indicated the formation of a glipizide polymorph in the dissolution medium with higher solubility than the stable polymorph. As a complementary technique, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of indapamide and glibenclamide with HPMC was performed. It was revealed that hydrogen bonding patterns of the two drugs with HPMC differed significantly, suggesting that hydrogen bonding may play a role in the greater stabilizing effect on supersaturation of indapamide, compared to glibenclamide.
Abstract 1889: Dual-specific antibodies that bind to BCMA and TACI (HMBD-009) enable better targeting of multiple myeloma in pre-clinical models (2021)

Abstract Existing immunotherapies for multiple myelomas (MM), including bispecific antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates and chimeric antigen receptor-based strategies, have targeted the B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) that is expressed at the surface of malignant plasma cells (PCs). Although promising, clinical outcomes are hampered by resistance mechanisms that include BCMA extracellular domain shedding and cell-surface downregulation. In addition, BCMA expression is known to be variable among MM patients. Transmembrane activator and CAML interactor (TACI), another member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) super family, represents another viable drug target. TACI expression largely overlaps with BCMA and expression is also increased in PCs of MM patients. Interestingly, TACI may have a role in maintaining an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment as its expression was observed to be upregulated in Tregs in MM patient's tumor load. Activation of TACI in Tregs triggers their proliferation and survival further supporting a pro-tumoral role for this receptor. Altogether, the dual targeting of both BCMA and TACI should be beneficial to the efficient removal of malignant PCs. Despite low sequence homology, BCMA and TACI share a similar 3D structure, which is likely the reason that APRIL (A proliferation-Inducing ligand) binds to both receptors. We applied our proprietary Rational Antibody Discovery platform to successfully direct the generation of mouse IgG clones able to bind a conserved epitope on BCMA and TACI with sub-nanomolar affinities. In addition, these antibodies were able to inhibit the binding of BCMA to APRIL - an interaction known to favor MM tumor growth and survival. Two IgG clones were successfully humanized and retained their capacity to bind to both BCMA and TACI when heterologously expressed on HEK293, or endogenously expressed in MM cancer cell lines such as H929. No cross-reactivity to other TNFR family members was observed. In antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) assays, these clones were able to induce efficient cell killing by binding either BCMA or TACI. Moreover, our lead dual-specific anti-BCMA/anti-TACI antibody (HMBD-009) showed better tumor control compared to other anti-BCMA only antibodies in pre-clinical tumor models of MM. Dual-specific antibodies able to efficiently target both BCMA and TACI represent a promising new avenue to improve the elimination of malignant PCs from MM patients. Citation Format: Fabien M. Decaillot, Dipti Thakkar, Siyu Guan, Konrad Paszkiewicz, Piers J. Ingram, Jerome D. Boyd-Kikurp. Dual-specific antibodies that bind to BCMA and TACI (HMBD-009) enable better targeting of multiple myeloma in pre-clinical models [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 1889.
Performance of spatial multiplexing in the presence of polarization diversity (2002)

In practice large antenna spacings are needed to achieve high capacity gains in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless systems. The use of dual-polarized antennas is a promising cost effective alternative where two spatially separated antennas can be replaced by a single antenna element employing orthogonal polarizations. This paper investigates the performance of spatial multiplexing in MIMO wireless systems with dual-polarized antennas. We compute estimates of the symbol error rate as a function of cross-polarization discrimination (XPD) and spatial fading correlations. Using these estimates, we show that dual-polarized antennas can significantly improve the performance of spatial multiplexing systems. It is demonstrated that improvements in terms of symbol error rate of up to an order of magnitude are possible. We furthermore find that in general for a given SNR there is an optimum XPD for which the symbol error rate is minimum. Finally, we present simulation results and we show that our estimates closely match the numerical results.
Development of Self-Interrogation Neutron Resonance Densitometry to Improve Detection of Possible Diversions for PWR Spent Fuel Assemblies (2013)

A new nondestructive assay technique called self-interrogation neutron resonance densitometry (SINRD) is currently being developed at Los Alamos National Laboratory to improve existing nuclear safeguards and material accountability measurements for light water reactor fuel assemblies. The viability of using SINRD to improve the detection of possible diversion scenarios for pressurized water reactor 17 × 17 spent low-enriched uranium (LEU) and mixed oxide (MOX) fuel assemblies was investigated via Monte Carlo N-Particle eXtended transport code (MCNPX) simulations. The following capabilities were assessed: (a) verification of the burnup of a spent fuel assembly, (b) ability to distinguish fresh and one-cycle spent MOX fuel from three- and four-cycle spent LEU fuel, and (c) sensitivity and penetrability to the removal of fuel pins. SINRD utilizes 244Cm spontaneous-fission neutrons to self-interrogate the spent fuel pins. The amount of resonance absorption of these neutrons in the fuel can be quantified using a set of fission chambers (FCs) placed adjacent to the assembly. The sensitivity of SINRD is based on using the same fissile materials in the FCs as are present in the fuel because the effect of resonance absorption lines in the transmitted flux is amplified by the corresponding (n, f) reaction peaks in the FC. SINRD requires calibration with a reference assembly of similar geometry in a similar measurement configuration with the same surrounding moderator as the spent fuel assemblies. However, this densitometry method uses ratios of different detectors so that several systematic errors related to calibration and positioning cancel in the ratios.
Pharmacokinetics of Amphotericin B in Infants and Children (1987)

The pharmacokinetics of amphotericin B (AmB) have not previously been evaluated in children. Five very small, premature infants and five older children received 0.25-1.0 mg of AmB/kg per 24 hr for Candida infections. Serum concentrations of AmB, measured by bioassay, were used to determine various pharmacokinetic parameters of AmB. A one-compartment model of drug distribution was most consistent with the data. The volume of AmB distributed per kilogram of body weight was smaller and the elimination clearance more rapid than those previously reported for adults. Serum levels were approximately one-half those seen in adults given comparable doses. The mean concentrations of AmB after various doses were as follows: at 0.25 mg/kg, 0.08 microgram/ml; at 0.50 mg/kg, 0.20 microgram/ml; at 0.75 mg/kg, 0.42 microgram/ml; and at 1.0 mg/kg, 0.54 microgram/ml. Interpatient variability was, however, marked, especially among the premature infants. AmB pharmacokinetics are different in infants and children than in adults; these differences may have implications for determining optimal pediatric dosing regimens.
Changes in intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup>concentration induced by L-type Ca<sup>2+</sup> channel current in guinea pig gastric myocytes (1997)

We investigated the relationship between voltage-operated Ca2+ channel current and the corresponding intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) change (Ca2+ transient) in guinea pig gastric myocytes. Fluorescence microspectroscopy was combined with conventional whole cell patch-clamp technique, and fura 2 (80 microM) was added to CsCl-rich pipette solution. Step depolarization to 0 mV induced inward Ca2+ current (ICa) and concomitantly raised [Ca2+]i. Both responses were suppressed by nicardipine, an L-type Ca2+ channel blocker, and the voltage dependence of Ca2+ transient was similar to the current-voltage relation of ICa. When pulse duration was increased by up to 900 ms, peak Ca2+ transient increased and reached a steady state when stimulation was for longer. The calculated fast Ca2+ buffering capacity (B value), determined as the ratio of the time integral of ICa divided by the amplitude of Ca2+ transient, was not significantly increased after depletion of Ca2+ stores by the cyclic application of caffeine (10 mM) in the presence of ryanodine (4 microM). The addition of cyclopiazonic acid (CPA, 10 microM), a sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase inhibitor, decreased B value by approximately 20% in a reversible manner. When KCl pipette solution was used, Ca(2+)-activated K+ current [IK(Ca)] was also recorded during step depolarization. CPA sensitively suppressed the initial peak and oscillations of IK(Ca) with irregular effects on Ca2+ transients. The above results suggest that, in guinea pig gastric myocyte, Ca2+ transient is tightly coupled to ICa during depolarization, and global [Ca2+]i is not significantly affected by Ca(2+)-induced Ca2+ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum during depolarization.
ChemInform Abstract: DIFFUSION OF BORON FROM IMPLANTED SOURCES UNDER OXIDIZING CONDITIONS (1974)

Abstract Durch Beschuß mit 80 keV "B‐Ionen wurden B‐Diffusionsquellen in Si implantiert und das Diffusionsverhalten von Bbei Temperaturen von 1000‐1200°C theoretisch und experimentell unter oxidierenden Bedingungen (in Wasserdampfatmosphäre) untersucht.
A Study of Factors that Influence Academic Success of Black American Middle School Males (2001)

The Black American male has had to face and endure many physical, emotional, and psychological hardships since his ancestors arrived in this country as slaves. One of those hardships has been his constant status as a second-class citizen. Throughout his history in America, the Black male has received unequal pay, unequal justice, unequal medical care, unequal treatment, and unequal education. Yet, despite the circumstances and the odds, there have been Black males who have achieved in many fields. However, even today, in the ﬁeld of education, achieving academically is not an endeavor most Black males pursue. This study investigated some factors that can inﬂuence some Black males to achieve academically. It was modeled after a 1993 study done by Drs. James McMillan and Daisy Reed, professors at Virginia Commonwealth University. The McMillan & Reed study’s topic was resilience, which is a group of certain individual characteristics that help individuals overcome at risk (of school failure) circumstances. That study and this one were conducted as qualitative research. For this study, 11 Black boys of middle school age and grade were interviewed to ascertain how they generally functioned as students in school and as individuals. Also, they were questioned about their families and friends. Several professional educators were also interviewed to get their perceptions about adolescent Black males’ academic achievement. The two sets of data, as well as the interviewer tapes and notes were coded, compared, and analyzed. The results were interesting in that this particular group of boys all possessed some resilient traits, they all liked school, and they felt that schooling was important to their futures. These boys were students who had performed well in elementary school but were not presently distinguishing themselves academically. The educators displayed valuable insights and knowledge in recognizing what helps Black males achieve in school. Their experiences in working with at risk students have aligned their thinking with that of the many researchers that have investigated this problem. This study revealed that the boys who participated collectively possessed several resilient traits which previous research has shown to be related to success in schools. As well, this study highlighted that possession of these traits by these boys was not necessarily a predictor of academic achievement nor was living in at risk circumstances necessarily a predictor of academic failure. The boys in this study enjoyed school, occasionally making good grades in certain subjects, and collectively had very good daily attendance. Also, this sample understood those negative behaviors and inﬂuences that prevented other boys from being academically successful but did not apply this understanding to themselves.
Synthesis and Antimycobacterial Activity of 2,1′-Dihydropyridomycins (2012)

Dihydropyridomycins 2 and 3, which lack the characteristic enol ester moiety of the potent antimycobacterial natural product pyridomycin (1), have been prepared from l-Thr, R- and S-hydroxy isovaleric acid, and 3-pyridinecarboxaldehyde. The 2R isomer 2 shows only 4-fold lower anti-Mtb activity than 1, indicating that the enol ester moiety in the natural product is not critical for its biological activity. This finding establishes 2 as a potent and more practical lead for anti-TB drug discovery.
Noninvasive control of the Penn State total artificial heart: a computer simulation (2002)

A mathematical model of the Penn State Total Artificial Heart (TAH) coupled to the circulation has been developed, and a computer simulation which control the model in a manner similar to the current TAH control methods has been implemented. This model has been used to evaluate the controller's response to abrupt physiological changes.
Engineered Plant Minichromosomes: A Bottom-Up Success? (2008)

Engineered minichromosomes offer an enormous opportunity to improve crop performance, as recently discussed ([Houben and Schubert, 2007][1]). Unlike conventional gene transformation technologies, minichromosomes can be used simultaneously to transfer and to express stably (multiple) sets of genes.
The Middle Child Problem: Revisiting Parametric Min-Cut and Seeds for Object Proposals (2015)

Object proposals have recently fueled the progress in detection performance. These proposals aim to provide category-agnostic localizations for all objects in an image. One way to generate proposals is to perform parametric min-cuts over seed locations. This paper demonstrates that standard parametric-cut models are ineffective in obtaining medium-sized objects, which we refer to as the middle child problem. We propose a new energy minimization framework incorporating geodesic distances between segments which solves this problem. In addition, we introduce a new superpixel merging algorithm which can generate a small set of seeds that reliably cover a large number of objects of all sizes. We call our method POISE - "Proposals for Objects from Improved Seeds and Energies." POISE enables parametric min-cuts to reach their full potential. On PASCAL VOC it generates ~2,640 segments with an average overlap of 0.81, whereas the closest competing methods require more than 4,200 proposals to reach the same accuracy. We show detailed quantitative comparisons against 5 state-of-the-art methods on PASCAL VOC and Microsoft COCO segmentation challenges.