gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging to quantify pelvic organ prolapse: reliability of assessment and correlation with clinical findings and pelvic floor symptoms (2012)

The interobserver agreement of MRI-based POP staging is excellent, but the added clinical value of such staging is questionable due to poor association with clinical findings and pelvic floor symptoms.
24-HOUR RAT LIVER PRESERVATION USING UW SOLUTION AND SOME SIMPLIFIED VARIANTS (1989)

The results of a series of 32 rat liver transplants are described to analyze the efficacy of components of UW solution. Rat livers were stored at 4 degrees C in standard UW solution or one of three simplified variants for 24 hr prior to orthotopic liver transplantation. In standard UW solution (solution A) the one-week survival rate was 3 of 8. Using solution B, which differs from solution A in the omission of hydroxyethyl starch and adenosine, the one-week survival rate was 2 of 8. Solution C, a further-simplified version of solution B with omission of allopurinol, Bactrim, and insulin, gave a one-week survival rate of 3 of 8. Solution D is identical to solution B except that the sodium and potassium concentrations are reversed. Using this solution, 5 of 8 rats survived more than one week. We conclude that the effectiveness of UW solution is maintained in a substantially simplified form, and that solution D, with the Na/K ratio reversed to give a high Na variant, may improve survival.
<title>Evaluation and verification of improved edgebead removal process in CMOS production</title> (1995)

This paper describes an engineering approach that was taken to improve an existing edgebead removal process which used acetone exclusively. Production problems were encountered after exposure and develop of positive photoresist: after the UV bake step. These problems were manifested by popping photoresist. The approach taken here was to evaluate acetone by itself as an edgebead remover and compare it with a commercially available EBR. Specifically, a combination of ethyl lactate and 2-pentanone. The improved edgebead removal process is presented as a function of photoresist popping after the UV bake step for our CMOS process.
Synthesis of Pyridazine, Pyridazin-3-one, 2-Aminopyrrole and 2,5-Diaminopyridine Derivatives from Dicyanomethylene Compounds (1986)

Aromatic diazonium chlorides react with dicyanomethylene compounds 1-3 and 18 to give the hydrazone derivatives which are readily cyclized into pyridazine 8-10 and pyridazine-3-one 2 respectively.2-Aminopyrrole 11-11 and dihydropyridazin-3-one 20 are obtained by the reaction of 8-10 and 19 with zinc dust in the presence of acetic acid.Also the reaction of acetoacetanilide with malononitrle in acetic acid and piperidine as a catalyst was studied.The structures of the compounds obtained have been assigned on the basis of elemental analyses and spectral data.
WREN---an environment for component-based development (2001)

Prior research in software environments focused on three important problems---tool integration, artifact management, and process guidance. The context for that research, and hence the orientation of the resulting environments, was a traditional model of development in which an application is developed completely from scratch by a single organization. A notable characteristic of component-based development is its emphasis on integrating independently developed components produced by multiple organizations. Thus, while component-based development can benefit from the capabilities of previous generations of environments, its special nature induces requirements for new capabilities not found in previous environments. This paper is concerned with the design of component-based development environments , or CBDEs. We identify seven important requirements for CBDEs and discuss their rationale, and we describe a prototype environment called WREN that we are building to implement these requirements and to further evaluate and study the role of environment technology in component-based development. Important capabilities of the environment include the ability to locate potential components of interest from component distribution sites, to evaluate the identified components for suitability to an application, to incorporate selected components into application design models, and to physically integrate selected components into the application.
Single-photon-detection attack on the phase-coding continuous-variable quantum cryptography (2012)

The phase-coding quantum cryptographic scheme using the homodyne detection and weak coherent state [Hirano et al., Phys. Rev. A 68, 042331 (2003)] provides the simplest continuous-variable quantum key distribution scheme from the experimental side. However, the inherent loss of the practical system will not only increase the bit error rate (BER) but also affect the security of the final key. In this paper, we propose a single-photon-detection attack, and then the security of the final key will be compromised in some parameter regimes. Our results show that the BER induced by Eve can be lower than the inherent BER induced by the loss of the system in some parameter regimes. Furthermore, our attack gives the maximal communication distance of this scheme for given experimental parameters.
Object oriented design of a power electronics circuit simulator (2003)

The features of object oriented programming (OOP) are explained and contrasted with the traditional procedural programming paradigm. Incorporating any or all of the OOP features of encapsulation, polymorphism and inheritance results in faster, less error prone, code implementation which promotes code reuse with the further benefit of ease of maintainability. The basic functions of a power electronics circuit simulator are described. A class structure for the simulator is outlined. This class structure has been successfully implemented using the C++ language which supports OOP. Experience with this project has indicated that C++ shines in numerical applications in comparison with FORTRAN and C.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
C-reactive protein and malignancy: clinico-pathological association and therapeutic implication. (2010)

C-reactive protein (CRP) is a widely used systemic biomarker for diagnosing acute and chronic inflammation. During the past decade, serum CRP has been re-emphasized by extending its clinical use to the prediction or diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases and other conditions, particularly malignancies. Serum CRP has also been found to be elevated in patients with many malignancies, implying a close linkage between inflammation and malignancy. Prospective studies have shown a higher risk of developing cancer in those with elevated serum CRP. CRP is produced by hepatocytes in response to inflammatory cytokines, particularly, interleukin-6 from the tumor microenvironment. Preoperative CRP levels are parallel to the progression or pathological stages of malignancies, including gastric cancer in patients in our series. Elevated CRP is a determinant predictor of lower survival rates in patients with several cancers, including esophageal, colorectal, hepatocellular, pancreatic, urinary bladder, renal,ovarian and cervical cancer, after surgical resection. The measurement of serum CRP is simple, cheap, and available in daily practice. It can serve as an additional prognostic predictor for survival and post-treatment monitoring in cancer patients. In the future, CRP-lowering agents might offer a promising benefit in the prevention and therapy of many different types of cancer.
A message passing coprocessor for distributed memory multicomputers (1990)

The authors present the architecture, methodology and performance evaluation of a message-passing coprocessor (MPC) which can accelerate message communication in a distributed memory multicomputer (i.e. iPSC/2 hypercube). The MPC is a microprogrammable processor which offloads from the CPU the burden of communication and speeds up the software processing by directly executing message passing instructions in microcode. It supports process scheduling, message buffer management, and fast buffer copying. The most unique feature of the MPC is that it performs software caching for expected message destinations and buffers. The MPC works closely with a virtual channel router which is a smart routing controller and supports virtual channels and cached circuits. The software and hardware overhead of communication can be reduced significantly by these two processors. The performance is confirmed by trace-driven simulation. >
Strategic, Tactical, and Operational Planning and Budgeting: A Study of Decision Support System Evolution (1979)

This paper describes the evolution of a planning and budgeting decision support system. The system supports farm program planning and budgeting within the Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service of the U. S. Department of Agriculture. Online interactive techniques are used through the Foresight planning and System 2000 database software. Numerous extensions of these techniques are formulated and comparisons made with industry. The study probes the nature of the system development process in a highly volatile environment, and the psychological motives of the professionals involved. The forces at work are generalized to fit other environments. The results shed light on how other successful systems might be developed employing similar methods and techniques. Future extensions of this system and new scenarios are postulated and generalized in order to provide a basic framework for analysis of key decision support functions.
Hemoglobin solution as a plasma expander. (1975)

A coded data stream with end-of-block (EOB) words is divided into groups each having n EOB words so that loss of an EOB word can be determined at the receiver. When such loss is determined, EOB word(s) is or are inserted locally at the receiver to prevent shift of correctly decoded blocks relative to their true position in the image to be reconstructed.
Introduction (2003)

The study of Kant’s account of ethics has attracted the attention of a great number of philosophers, and there has tended to form, over many years, a broad consensus about the scope and range of Kant’s views on this area. This consensus could broadly be summarized in the view that Kant’s ethics are primarily formalist, that they support a deontological rather than a teleological account of the nature of ethical claims, that Kant has virtually no room for an account of moral feeling and that his position is one that is scarcely tenable.1
Optimizing Performance of Wind Turbines (2009)

Variable loads along the drive-train are attributed to frequent failures of gears, bearings, and other components. Wind parameters cannot be controlled and therefore any turbine load-reducing remedies must be established based on proper insights into the wind-turbine interactions. A novel control concept to performance optimization of wind turbines is presented. This proposed concept is based on analysis of the turbine status reflected in the SCADA data. Modern computational techniques are used to optimize performance of a wind turbine from tree basic perspectives: drive-train, power output, and power quality. The proposed approach demonstrates that gains in the metrics representing the three perspectives and the corresponding control goals can be significantly improved for any wind turbine. The solution is applicable different turbine types operating in different wind regimes, e.g., winds of different speeds and variability. Simple and transparent parameters allow an operator to determine a balance between the operations and maintenance, technical, business objectives. The proposed modeling framework was embedded in software. The software tool has been tested on the data collected from 1.5 MW wind turbines.
A Low-Cost Dual-Polarized Array Antenna Etched on a Single Substrate (2013)

In this letter, a four-leaf clover slot element antenna, which has a planar feeding structure, is proposed for dual-polarization applications. A four-element array based on the proposed antenna is designed and measured. The feeding network and radiators of the array are on the same substrate, which results in low-cost and convenient fabrication. The bandwidths of two polarizations are 275 and 465 MHz, respectively. The isolation between the two ports is greater than 30 dB, and the front-to-back ratio is higher than 25 dB.
Applying hierarchical and role-based access control to XML documents (2004)

W3C Recommendations XML Encryption and XML-Digital Signature can be used to protect the confidentiality of and provide assurances about the integrity of XML documents transmitted over an insecure medium. The focus of this paper is how to control access to XML documents, once they have been received. This is particularly important for services where updates are sent to subscribers. We describe how certain access control policies for restricting access to XML documents can be enforced by encrypting specified regions of the document. These regions are specified using XPath filters and the policies are based on the hierarchical structure of XML documents. We also describe how techniques for assigning keys to a security lattice can be adapted to minimize the number of keys that are distributed to users and compare our approach with two other access control frameworks. Finally we consider how role-based access control can be used to enforce more complex access control policies.
ADAPTIVE LEAST SQUARES CORRELATION: A POWERFUL IMAGE MATCHING TECHNIQUE (1985)

The Adaptive Least Squares Correlation is a very potent and flexible technique for all kinds of data matching problems. Here its application to image matching is outlined. It allows for simultaneous radiometric corrections and local geometrical image shaping, whereby the system parameters are automatically assessed, corrected, and thus optimized during the least squares iterations. The various tools of least squares estimation can be favourably utilized for the assessment of the correlation quality. Furthermore, the system allows for stabilization and improvement of the correlation procedure through the simultaneous consideration of geometrical constraints, e.g. the collinearity condition. Some exciting new perspectives are emphasized, as for example multiphoto correlation, multitemporal and multisensor correlation, multipoint correlation, and simultaneous correlation/triangulation. 1.
Process for fabricating thin film multilayer modules using photosensitive epoxy dielectrics (2002)

Photosensitive epoxy resins are being developed to use as an innerlayer dielectric use in the printed circuit board industry. Using photoimageable dielectrics instead of traditional epoxy laminate is becoming a preferred method for fabricating high density circuit boards such as those used in multichip module (MCM-L) applications. Photoimageable epoxy has a significantly lower cost than polyimide or benzocyclobutene (BCB). If the material performance of the photoimageable epoxies is acceptable, the potential for lower fabrication costs for multichip modules on inorganic substrates such as ceramic, glass, and silicon is possible. The photoimageable materials evaluated in this study were a modified epoxy from Ciba Geigy, an acryclic-based epoxy from Enthone, and a polybutadiene-based epoxy from Shipley. They were evaluated for substrate adhesion, metal adhesion, and via formation. These materials had very good photoimaging properties and were capable of forming 10 /spl mu/m features in a 5 /spl mu/m thick dielectric layer. Multilayer modules with 25 /spl mu/m design rules have been successfully fabricated on glass and ceramic substrates using the acrylic and polybutadiene as the innerlayer dielectric. These modules have not had dielectric, via, or metallization failures through high temperature reflows, humidity testing, or -55/spl deg/C to 125/spl deg/C temperature cycling.
Wasserstein Training of Restricted Boltzmann Machines (2016)

Boltzmann machines are able to learn highly complex, multimodal, structured and multiscale real-world data distributions. Parameters of the model are usually learned by minimizing the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence from training samples to the learned model. We propose in this work a novel approach for Boltzmann machine training which assumes that a meaningful metric between observations is known. This metric between observations can then be used to define the Wasserstein distance between the distribution induced by the Boltzmann machine on the one hand, and that given by the training sample on the other hand. We derive a gradient of that distance with respect to the model parameters. Minimization of this new objective leads to generative models with different statistical properties. We demonstrate their practical potential on data completion and denoising, for which the metric between observations plays a crucial role.
Cochlear Implants: Objective Measures (2003)

The age at which children are receiving cochlear implants has dropped dramatically; some children now undergo surgery when less than 12 months old. Considerable feedback is required from the patient in order to set the device optimally. This can be difficult in very young children, who may be unable to provide any behavioral information. It is therefore vital that objective measures are available in order to evaluate the device and auditory system function, set the programming parameters, and even assess performance. This book covers cochlear implant objective measures used before, during and after surgery. It provides a handbook for clinicians detailing the many techniques currently used, including telemetry, averaged electrode voltages, and electrically–evoked stapedial reflexes, auditory brainstem responses, compound action potentials, middle, late and event–related potentials. The internationally respected chapter authors from Europe and the USA provide coverage of the objective measures used in several commercially available cochlear implant devices. This book is required reading for clinicians in cochlear implant centers, researchers and those in the commercial implant field worldwide
The ZigBee Wireless Sensor Network in medical care applications (2010)

As one of the most important technologies in the information era, Wireless Sensor Network has been widely used in medical and other various social fields. This paper described the various research applications of ZigBee-based Wireless Sensor Network technology in medical fields. Based on its low-power, low-cost, network flexibility and some other features, we presented the significance, the principle, and the latest research progress of ZigBee applications in the medical field. This paper also proposed the challenges faced in the ZigBee application and presented its development prospect and practical value in the medical field.
The effect of dietary <i>Laminaria</i>‐derived laminarin and fucoidan on nutrient digestibility, nitrogen utilisation, intestinal microflora and volatile fatty acid concentration in pigs (2009)

Overall, the reductions in intestinal Enterobacterium spp. and increases in Lactobacilli spp. obtained suggest that laminarin and fucoidan may provide a dietary means to improve gut health in pigs.
Preserving data privacy with Searchable Symmetric Encryption (2016)

New techniques such as Searchable Encryption are being deployed to enable data to be encrypted online. Searchable Encryption is now at the point that it can be deployed and used within the Cloud. In the Cloud, Searchable Encryption has the ability to allow CSP customers to store their data in encrypted form, while retaining the ability to search that data without disclosing the associated decryption key(s) to CSPs that is, without compromising data security on the Server. We present an SSE scheme and evaluate the efficiency of storing and retrieving data from the cloud. The results showed that carrying out a task using SSE is directly proportional to the amount of information involved.
Characterization of activated carbon prepared by phosphoric acid activation of olive stones (2011)

The effects of activating agent concentration on the pore structure and surface chemistry of activated carbons derived from olive stone with chemical activation method using phosphoric acid as the activating agent were studied. Mass changes associated with the impregnation, carbonization and washing processes were measured. With H3PO4 dilute solutions (60, 70, and 80 wt% H3PO4), the loading of substance on CS increases with concentration. The concentration of the H3PO4 solution seems to control the processes of impregnation, carbonization and washing in the preparation of AC from olive stones by H3PO4 chemical activation. ACs have been characterized from the results obtained by N2 adsorption at 77 K. Moreover, the fractal dimension (D) has been calculated in order to determine the AC surface roughness degree. Optimal textural properties of ACs have been obtained by chemical activation with H3PO4 80 wt.%. The BET surface areas and total pore volumes of the carbons produced at H3PO4 80 wt.% are 1218 m2/g and 0.6 cm3/g, respectively.
csp2B: A Practical Approach to Combining CSP and B (2000)

Abstract. This paper describes the tool csp2B, which provides a means of combining CSP-like descriptions with standard B specifications. The notation of CSP provides a convenient way of describing the order in which the operations of a B machine may occur. The function of the tool is to convert CSP-like specifications into standard machine-readable B specifications, which means that they may be animated and appropriate proof obligations may be generated. Use of csp2B means that abstract specifications and refinements may be specified purely using CSP or using a combination of CSP and B. The translation is justified in terms of an operational semantics.
[Removal of amateur and dirt tattooing with the Q-switched ruby laser]. (1995)

The Q-switched ruby laser with a wavelength of 694 nm and a pulse duration of 25 ns causes selective damage to skin pigment. This laser has produced good to excellent results in the treatment of amateur professional and traumatical tattoos, and also of benign pigmented lesions such as lentigines, ephelides, café-au-lait spots and Becker nevi. We report on three patients with amateur and traumatic tattoos, which were removed by Q-switched ruby laser treatment without leaving scars.
Suppression Techniques of Subthreshold Hump Effect for High-Voltage MOSFET (2013)

In this paper, simple but very effective techniques to suppress subthreshold hump effect for high-voltage (HV) complementary metal-oxidesemiconductor (CMOS) technology are presented. Two methods are proposed to suppress subthreshold hump effect using a simple layout modification approach. First, the uniform gate oxide method is based on the concept of an H-shaped gate layout design. Second, the gate work function control method is accomplished by local ion implantation. For our experiments, 0.18 μm 20 V class HV CMOS technology is applied for HV MOSFETs fabrication. From the measurements, both proposed methods are very effective for elimination of the inverse narrow width effect (INWE) as well as the subthreshold hump.
Prediction of Poor Outcome in Anoxic–Ischemic Coma (2000)

Most patients who are comatose a few hours after a period of global cerebral ischemia have a poor prognosis. In a series of studies selected with strict criteria for study design, the median prevalence of death or survival in a vegetative state was 78% (range, 56-90%) (Zandbergen et al., 1998). Most nonsurvivors die within the first weeks, not from brain damage, but from cardiac or pulmonary complications. Uncertainty about treatment and nontreatment decisions is therefore most critical during this period. To reduce this uncertainty among caregivers, and the related anxiety among family members, early identification of patients with such a poor prognosis is desirable.