gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Application of Hot Stamping Process by Integrating Quenching & Partitioning Heat Treatment to Improve Mechanical Properties (2014)

In order to improve the ductility of hot stamping products, the quenching & partitioning heat treatment is integrated into the traditional hot stamping process. The feasibility of the new process is investigated by both thermal simulation through Gleeble 3500 system and hot stamping experiments with a special experimental tool firstly introduced. The microstructure observations show that the new process induces dual-phase microstructures of martensite and residual austenite for the final part, which improves the elongation effectively and maintains the high-strength at the same time. The product of tensile strength and plasticity of the test material B1500HS based on the presented quenching & partitioning process with appropriate process parameters is 24% larger than that of the traditional hot stamping.
A Case Study for the Economic Feasibility Analysis of CWM Power Plant (1991)

CWM(Coal Water Mixture) is a mixed fuel that consists of coal, water and additives. The main advantages of CWM are reducing the oil consumption and the air pollution materials such as flyash, dirt, and . This paper presented a case study for the economic feasibility analysis of changing an existing coal-oil power plant to a CWM power plant. The economic analysis of changing a coal-oil power plant to a CWM power plant was based on the total annual incremental costs of two power plants. We found that this project was economically and environmentally acceptable.
Camera calibration with distortion models and accuracy evaluation (1992)

A camera model that accounts for major sources of camera distortion, namely, radial, decentering, and thin prism distortions is presented. The proposed calibration procedure consists of two steps: (1) the calibration parameters are estimated using a closed-form solution based on a distribution-free camera model; and (2) the parameters estimated in the first step are improved iteratively through a nonlinear optimization, taking into account camera distortions. According to minimum variance estimation, the objective function to be minimized is the mean-square discrepancy between the observed image points and their inferred image projections computed with the estimated calibration parameters. The authors introduce a type of measure that can be used to directly evaluate the performance of calibration and compare calibrations among different systems. The validity and performance of the calibration procedure are tested with both synthetic data and real images taken by tele- and wide-angle lenses.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Adjunctive lacosamide for partial‐onset seizures: Efficacy and safety results from a randomized controlled trial (2009)

Results of this trial demonstrated the efficacy and tolerability of adjunctive lacosamide 200 and 400 mg/day and support that lacosamide may be an advantageous option for the treatment of partial-onset seizures in patients with epilepsy.
INDEX SELECTION IN A SELF-ADAPTIVE RELATIONAL DATA BASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (1976)

The development of large integrated data bases that support a variety of applications in an enterprise promises to be one of the most important data processing activities of the next decade. The effective utilization of such a data bases depends on the ability of data base management systems to cope with the evolution of data base applications. In this thesis, we attempt to develop a methodology for monitoring the developing pattern of access to a data base and for choosing near-optimal physical data base organizations based on the evidenced mode of use. More specifically, we consider the problem of adaptively selecting the set of secondary indices to be maintained in an integrated relational data base. Stress is placed on the acquisition of an accurate usage model and on the precise estimation of data base characteristics, through the use of access monitoring and the application of forecasting and smoothing techniques.
<title>3D profilometry by analysis of noisy white-light interferograms</title> (2000)

Using a white-light interference for high-precision surface structure analysis, 3D profilometry is realized. White-light surface profilers record the position of peak fringe contrast modulating the optical path difference of an imaging interferometer. This method is sensitive to random noise, such as spike or missing data points, which can be interpreted as positions of high fringe contrast. In order to overcome this problem, a median filter is employed for noise reduction of the acquired profile. Interferograms are generated simultaneously by scanning an object in a direction perpendicular to the object surface. These interferograms are filtered by the median filter, the surface height for each point of the image is obtained by finding the position of peak fringe contrast by extended depth from focus. It is shown in the experiment that the proposed method is able to cope with distortions of the fringe contrast envelope of noisy white-light interferograms without smoothing peak fringe contrast and distorting the position of peak. Moreover, the computation becomes fast and simple by using the advanced algorithm, which does not use complex spatial frequency domain processing.
Spoon: Compile-time Annotation Processing for Middleware (2006)

Spoon is a Java-based program analysis and transformation tool for compile-time annotation processing. It combines compile-time reflection with a pure Java template framework for well-typed and intuitive fine-grained metaprogramming, which is applied to the middleware context
Designing an Integrated Voice, Video, and Instant Message Service System in SIP-Based IP Networks (2006)

The session initiation protocol (SIP) is a signaling protocol for creating, modifying, and terminating sessions with one or more participants. Apart from multimedia over IP networks and cellular networks have caught researchers' attention. This paper designs a user agent (UA) soft phone, and setups a SER (SIP express router) proxy server for multimedia services (integration of voice, video, and instant message) in SIP-based IP broadband networks. However, it not only provides an easy method to implement interactive multimedia interfaces with low cost, but also passes the compatible test with Windows Messenger, X-lite, and CCL Phone, etc
Special Purpose Endotracheal Tubes (1999)

Introduction Tracheal Tube Cuffs Techniques for Lung Separation Double-Lumen Endotracheal Tubes Endobronchial Cuffs Bronchial Blockers Endotracheal Tubes Designed for Laser Surgery Endotracheal Tubes with Additional Ports Special Tubes and Devices to Aid with Intubation Head and Neck Surgery Summary [Respir Care 1999;44(6):661–683]
Study of Systems Using Inertia Wheels for Precise Attitude Control of a Satellite (1961)

Systems using inertia wheels are evaluated in this report to determine their suitability for precise attitude control of a satellite and to select superior system configurations. Various possible inertia wheel system configurations are first discussed in a general manner. Three of these systems which appear more promising than the others are analyzed in detail, using the Orbiting Astronomical Observatory as an example. The three systems differ from each other only by the method of damping, which is provided by either a rate gyro, an error-rate network, or a tachometer in series with a high-pass filter. An analytical investigation which consists of a generalized linear analysis, a nonlinear analysis using the switching-time method, and an analog computer study shows that all three systems are theoretically capable of producing adequate response and also of maintaining the required pointing accuracy for the Orbiting Astronomical Observatory of plus or minus 0.1 second of arc. Practical considerations and an experimental investigation show, however, that the system which uses an error-rate network to provide damping is superior to the other two systems. The system which uses a rate gyro is shown to be inferior because the threshold level causes a significant amount of limit-cycle operation, and the system which uses a tachometer with a filter is shown to be inferior because a device with the required dynamic range of operation does not appear to be available. The experimental laboratory apparatus used to investigate the dynamic performance of the systems is described, and experimental results are included to show that under laboratory conditions with relatively large extraneous disturbances, a dynamic tracking error of less than plus or minus 0.5 second of arc was obtained.
Evolution of anatomical concept usage over time: Mining 200 years of biodiversity literature (2017)

The scientific literature contains an historic record of the changing ways in which we describe the world. Shifts in understanding of scientific concepts are reflected in the introduction of new terms and the changing usage and context of existing ones. We conducted an ontology-based temporal data mining analysis of biodiversity literature from the 1700s to 2000s to quantitatively measure how the context of usage for vertebrate anatomical concepts has changed over time. The corpus of literature was divided into nine non-overlapping time periods with comparable amounts of data and context vectors of anatomical concepts were compared to measure the magnitude of concept drift both between adjacent time periods and cumulatively relative to the initial state. Surprisingly, we found that while anatomical concept drift between adjacent time periods was substantial (55% to 68%), it was of the same magnitude as cumulative concept drift across multiple time periods. Such a process, bound by an overall mean drift, fits the expectations of a mean-reverting process.
Sporulation of <i>Bremia lactucae</i> Affected by Temperature, Relative Humidity, and Wind in Controlled Conditions (2004)

ABSTRACT The effects of temperature (5 to 25 degrees C), relative humidity (81 to 100%), wind speed (0 to 1.0 m s(-1)), and their interactions on sporulation of Bremia lactucae on lettuce cotyledons were investigated in controlled conditions. Sporulation was affected significantly (P < 0.0001) by temperature, with an optimum at 15 degrees C, and by relative humidity (RH), with sporulation increasing markedly at RH >/= 90%. There was a significant effect of exposure time in relation to temperature (P = 0.0007) but not to RH. In separate experiments, both RH and wind speed significantly (P < 0.0001) affected the number of cotyledons with sporulation and the number of sporangia produced per cotyledon. No sporulation was observed at wind speeds of >0.5 m s(-1), regardless of RH. In still air, the number of sporangiophores produced per cotyledon increased linearly with RH from 81 to 100% (P = 0.0001, r = 0.98). Histological observations indicated that sporulation may be affected by stomatal aperture in response to RH, as more closed stomata and correspondingly fewer sporangiophores were present at lower RH. These results are important for understanding the mechanism of RH effects on sporulation and for predicting conditions conducive to downy mildew development.
Genetic identification of Mycobacterium bovis BCG by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the direct-repeat region (1997)

Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis was performed on the direct repeat (DR) regions of 14 strains of Mycobacterium bovis BCG. With AluI-digested DNA, BCG Japanese, Russian, and Mexican had differing RFLP patterns but 11 strains, including Pasteur, Glaxo, and Tice, had an identical pattern not detected in over 60 strains of the M. tuberculosis complex. DR analysis can aid in confirming the identification of clinical BCG isolates.
Diagnosis and management of contact dermatitis. (2010)

Contact dermatitis is a common inflammatory skin condition characterized by erythematous and pruritic skin lesions that occur after contact with a foreign substance. There are two forms of contact dermatitis: irritant and allergic. Irritant contact dermatitis is caused by the non-immune-modulated irritation of the skin by a substance, leading to skin changes. Allergic contact dermatitis is a delayed hypersensitivity reaction in which a foreign substance comes into contact with the skin; skin changes occur after reexposure to the substance. The most common substances that cause contact dermatitis include poison ivy, nickel, and fragrances. Contact dermatitis usually leads to erythema and scaling with visible borders. Itching and discomfort may also occur. Acute cases may involve a dramatic flare with erythema, vesicles, and bullae; chronic cases may involve lichen with cracks and fissures. When a possible causative substance is known, the first step in confirming the diagnosis is determining whether the problem resolves with avoidance of the substance. Localized acute allergic contact dermatitis lesions are successfully treated with mid- or high-potency topical steroids, such as triamcinolone 0.1% or clobetasol 0.05%. If allergic contact dermatitis involves an extensive area of skin (greater than 20 percent), systemic steroid therapy is often required and offers relief within 12 to 24 hours. In patients with severe rhus dermatitis, oral prednisone should be tapered over two to three weeks because rapid discontinuation of steroids can cause rebound dermatitis. If treatment fails and the diagnosis or specific allergen remains unknown, patch testing should be performed.
A Study on Categorizing Clothing Items by Product Characteristics. (1987)

The main purposes of the study were to categorize the clothing items into product groups according to their product characteristics, and to find out the differences of consumer perception on clothing Product groups among different age and socioeconomic groups. A questionnaire about characteristics It?as constructed on the basis of Lipton, Darling, and Miracle's theories on product categorisations. The questionnaires were administered to female subjects in two age groups (20's and 40's) living in Seoul. Subjects were classified into 3 socioeconomic groups for the analysis. The Analysis of variance, post-hoc comparisons (Scheffe test and Tuckey test) were employed for the statistical inferences. The results were as follows ; Group I : none Group II : socks, undershirts, T-shirts (20's age group) Group III : blouse, sweater, blue jean, pajama, langerie, T-shirts (40's age group), skirt Group IV : jacket, skirt (high class of 40's age group) two-piece, half coat, long coat, Korean folk costume Group V : none Some of the clothing items were categorized into different product groups by different age and socioeconomic groups.
A New SVM-Based Modeling Method of Cabin Path Loss Prediction (2013)

A new modeling method of cabin path loss prediction based on support vector machine (SVM) is proposed in this paper. The method is trained with the path loss values of measured points inside the cabin and can be used to predict the path loss values of the unmeasured points. The experimental results demonstrate that our modeling method is more accurate than the curve fitting method. This SVM-based path loss prediction method makes the prediction much easier and more accurate, which covers performance traditional methods in the channel propagation modeling.
From Glycogen to Ketones—And Back (1984)

Bauting lecture 1984. Regulation de la cetogenese, role du taux hepatique de carnitine et du glucagon. Regulation des interactions entre synthese du glycogene et glycolyse: role du fructose 2-6 biphosphate
Vison-based auxiliary navigation method using augmented reality for unmanned aerial vehicles (2012)

A visual-based auxiliary navigation method using augmented reality is an immersive navigation interface with virtual navigation and decision-making information superimposed on the video of real environment. It can provide the operator with more information to behave proactively in order to forestall future problems, with less stress or effort, and to increase the successful rate of UAV missions. The components of the auxiliary navigation method using AR on UAVs are described in this paper. And a method of real-time displaying targets' position with virtual information based on computer vision registration is researched. The real-time information is obtained by the transformation between three coordinate systems. An experimental verification bases on ARToolkit platform that is able to identify multiple markers and display real-time virtual information of targets' distance and direction while generating auxiliary curves is also described.
Wind Turbine Waste Heat Recovery—A Short-Term Heat Loss Forecasting Approach (2015)

The transition from the era of massive renewable energy deployment to the era of cheaper energy needed has made scientists and developers more careful with respect to energy planning compared with a few years ago. The focus is—and will be—placed on retrofitting and on extracting the maximum amount of locally generated energy. The question is not only how much energy can be generated, but also what kind of energy and how it can be utilized efficiently. The waste heat coming from wind farms (WFs) when in operation—which until now was wasted—was thoroughly studied. A short-term forecasting methodology that can provide the operator with a better view of the expected heat losses is presented. The majority of mechanical (due to friction) and electro-thermal (i.e., generator) losses takes place at the nacelle while a smaller part of this thermal source is located near the foundation of the wind turbine (WT) where the power electronics and the transformers are usually located. That thermal load can be easily collected via a working fluid and then be transported to the nearest local community or nearby agricultural or small scale industrial units using the necessary piping.
Bistable Behavior of ALOHA-Type Systems (1975)

Packet switching has found widespread application in computer communications because of its ability to efficiently handle high ratios of peak-to-average data rate. Packet radio is the application of packet switching techniques to radio channels. The resultant multiple-access problem requires novel approaches. Such approaches have been developed by others and have primarily been analyzed in steady-state behavior. This paper demonstrates and analyzes an important aspect of the dynamic characteristics of packet radio, namely, that of bistable behavior. That is, the system possesses two statistically stable equilibrium points, one in a desirable low-delay region, and the other in an undesirable high-delay region. Since the stability is only statistical in nature, the system oscillates between these two points. Even if the resultant steady-state behavior is very poor, this dynamic analysis frequently shows that system performance will be acceptable. This is due to quiet periods (such as at night) which allow the system to recover.
Aortic stenosis (2009)

Aortic stenosis is a common finding at echocardiography. This review describes the assessment of the aortic valve, the left ventricle, and the rest of the heart. It discusses grading the stenosis including cases in which there are discrepancies between the different echocardiographic measurements. It discusses the indications for and interpretation of stress echocardiography and the role of pressure recovery and wave reflectance. It describes, in outline, the medical management of aortic stenosis and indications for surgery. The minimum dataset is: peak instantaneous velocity, mean gradient, effective orifice area, LV dimensions and systolic function, aortic diameter, mitral valve appearance and function, RV size and function and PA pressure.
The Interactions of Self-concept, Behaviour and Gender for Year One Children (2011)

This study investigated the interactions between self-concept, behaviour, and gender for young children in recognition that these relationships are still poorly understood within the early childhood and self-concept research frameworks. The research questions investigated were: (1) What are the inter-relationships between self-concept and behaviour for Year one children? (2) Are there any gender differences in these domains for Year 1 children? The participants were 21 Year (Grade) one children and their teachers, located in a Tasmanian regional town. After ethical approval was obtained, the children were first, individually administered the Self-Description Questionnaire for Preschoolers (Marsh et al., 2002) by an experienced administrator to ascertain the childrenʼs self-concept profile. Second, the regular classroom teachers completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (Goodman, 1997) on each child, to rate the childrenʼs multidimensional in-class behaviour. Along with this the childrenʼs in-class behaviour was systematically monitored by an observer over a two week period to validate the teachers ʼ ratings of the childrenʼs behaviour. This research identified a low correlation between Year 1 childrenʼs self-concept and their teachersʼ rating of their behaviour (r =.03), with the children with higher self-concepts being more outgoing. Girls were rated by their teachers as having more peer and social problems than the boys with the boys reporting higher physical ability self-concept. Because these results are different from that typically demonstrated with older children the results are discussed from a developmental and a socialisation perspective. The results suggest a change in traditional gender socialisation given the similarity of the boys and girls on these two instruments. One implications of this research is that teachers need to accommodate greater gender role diversity within their school program.
High Pressure Effects on Emulsifying Behavior of Whey Protein Concentrate (1995)

ABSTRACT Oil‐in‐water emulsions (0.4 wt% protein, 20 vol% n ‐tetradecane, pH 7) prepared with solutions of pressure‐treated (up to 800 MPa) whey protein concentrate (WPC) as emulsifier give a broader droplet‐size distribution than emulsions made with native untreated protein. There was a decrease in emulsifying efficiency with increasing applied pressure and treatment time. In contrast, pressure treatment of corresponding WPC emulsions made with the native protein had little effect on emulsion stability. In the pressure‐treated emulsion the protein is probably already conformationally modified so that pressure has little additional effect. However, in solution the native structure of the whey protein is modified by pressure resulting in loss of emulsifying efficiency.
Underwater cladding with laser beam and plasma arc welding (1997)

Two welding processes, plasma arc (transferred arc) (PTA) and laser beam, were investigated to apply cladding to austenitic stainless steels and Inconel 600. These processes have long been used to apply cladding layers , but the novel feature being reported here is that these cladding layers were applied underwater, with a water pressure equivalent to 24 m (80 ft). Being able to apply the cladding underwater is very important for many applications, including the construction of off-shore oil platforms and the repair of nuclear reactors. In the latter case, being able to weld underwater eliminates the need for draining the reactor and removing the fuel. Welding underwater in reactors presents numerous challenges, but the ability to weld without having to drain the reactor and remove the fuel provides a huge cost savings. Welding underwater in reactors must be done remotely, but because of the radioactive corrosion products and neutron activation of the steels, remote welding would also be required even if the reactor is drained and the fuel removed. In fact, without the shielding of the water, the remote welding required if the reactor is drained might be even more difficult than that required with underwater welds. Furthermore, as shallmore » be shown, the underwater welds that the authors have made were of high quality and exhibit compressive rather than tensile residual stresses.« less