gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
STUDIES ON THE CORONARY DILATOR ACTIONS OF SOME ADENOSINE ANALOGUES (1974)

1 The cardiovascular actions of 23 adenosine analogues have been examined in anaesthetized open thorax dogs; the analogues were substituted in the 2-position of the purine ring, or in the exocyclic amino group, or were modified in the imidazole or sugar rings.2 The effects of these compounds on coronary blood flow, peripheral blood pressure, and heart rate were compared with those of adenosine.3 9-beta-D-Arabinofuranosyladenine had no cardiovascular action; the other analogues on intra-atrial administration caused an immediate increase in coronary blood flow, the magnitude and duration of which varied with the structures of the analogues.4 2-Fluoro-, 2-bromo-, 2-isobutylthio-, 2-ethylamino-, and 5'-deoxy-5'-chloro- adenosines had coronary dilator potencies equal to or greater than that of adenosine. No relationship was found between the dilator potency of the adenosine analogues and their duration of coronary dilator action.5 The coronary dilator action of adenosine was potentiated by inosine, 9-beta-D-arabinofurano-syladenine, tubercidin, N(6)-methyladenosine and 2-trifluoromethyl-N(6)-methyladenosine.6 There was no correlation between the substrate specificities of the shorter-acting analogues for adenosine deaminase or adenosine kinase and their duration of coronary dilator action.7 It is proposed that in the anaesthetized dog, uptake into tissues is a more important mode of removal of adenosine and adenosine analogues from the vascular system than inactivation by adenosine deaminase, that the duration of coronary dilator action of the analogues is related primarily to their specificity for the carrier which mediates adenosine uptake, and that the adenosine carrier is not associated with kinase action.
Itch/AIP4 Associates with and Promotes p63 Protein Degradation (2006)

p63, a protein related to the tumor suppressor p53, is a transcription factor that plays an important role in epidermal differentiation and limb development. The gene has two distinct promoters that allow the formation of proteins that either contain (TA) or lack (DeltaN) a transactivation domain. In addition, alternative splicing at the 3' end generates proteins with different C-termini, denoted alpha, beta and gamma for a total of six isoforms. DeltaNp63alpha isoform is the main isoform expressed at all stages of development, however the relative contribution of individual p63 isoform during ectodermal differentiation and organogenesis is still far from understood. Overexpression of DeltaNp63 led to increased growth of transformed cells in vitro and in vivo while treatment of keratinocytes with ultraviolet irradiation causes downregulation of DeltaNp63 proteins and their corresponding mRNA. The p63 gene locus is often amplified in squamous cell carcinomas while alterations in the relative levels of TA and DeltaNp63 correlate with prognosis in several human cancers suggesting that fine regulation of p63 intracellular levels must be of pivotal importance in controlling cell proliferation, death and differentiation. Despite its relevance little is known on the mechanisms controlling p63 protein levels. Here we show that Itch/AIP4, a HECT E3-ubiquitin ligase, promotes p63 degradation. Using a set of p63 deletion mutants, we have identified a region and two critical lysine residues of p63, associated to human Split-Hand and Foot Malformation-4 (SHFM-4) syndrome, which are involved in the mechanism of Itch-mediated p63 degradation.
QSN—A Simple Circular-Shift Network for Reconfigurable Quasi-Cyclic LDPC Decoders (2010)

There is an increasing need for configurable quasi-cyclic low-density parity-check (QC-LDPC) decoders that can support a family of structurally compatible codes instead of a single code. The key component in a configurable QC-LDPC decoder is a programmable circular-shift network that supports cyclic shifts of any size up to a predefined maximum submatrix size. This paper presents a QC-LDPC shift network (QSN), which has two key advantages over state-of-the-art solutions in recent literature. First, the QSN reduces the number of stages in the critical path, which improves the clock frequency and makes it scalable, particularly in a field-programmable gate array (FPGA)-based implementation where an interconnect delay is dominant. Second, the QSN's control logic is simple to generate and occupies a significantly smaller area. The QSNs for a variety of codes suitable for emerging applications are implemented, targeting both a 180-nm Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Ltd. complimentary metal-oxide-semiconductor library and a Xilinx Virtex 4 FPGA. The proposed implementation is shown to be 2.1 times faster than the best known implementation in literature and requires almost eight times less control area. Furthermore, this paper presents analytical models of the critical-path and datapath complexity for arbitrary-sized submatrices and proves that the QSN indeed generates all the output combinations required for implementing reconfigurable QC-LDPC decoders.
Principles of Speech Coding (2010)

It is becoming increasingly apparent that all forms of communication-including voice-will be transmitted through packet-switched networks based on the Internet Protocol (IP). Therefore, the design of modern devices that rely on speech interfaces, such as cell phones and PDAs, requires a complete and up-to-date understanding of the basics of speech
Primary and Secondary Ionizations of α Hydrogens of Phenylacetonitrile by n-Butyllithium<sup>1</sup> (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPrimary and Secondary Ionizations of α Hydrogens of Phenylacetonitrile by n-Butyllithium1Edwin M. Kaiser and Charles R. HauserCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1966, 88, 10, 2348–2349Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1966https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00962a067RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views97Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (255 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Establishment of a clonal strain of hepatoma cells which maintain in culture the five enzymes of the urea cycle (1974)

Abstract A clonal strain of epithelial cells has been established from the transplantable Morris hepatoma 7800 and is designated 7800C 1 . The cells grow with a population doubling time of about three days in serum‐supplemented synthetic medium. Cells of the 7800C 1 strain have maintained measurable activities of all the enzymes of the urea cycle during 17 months in continuous culture. The activity of argininosuccinate lyase is approximately that found in normal rat liver, while argininosuccinate synthetase, carbamoyl phosphate synthetase, arginase and ornithine carbamoyl transferase activities are, respectively, 40%, 28%, 6%. and 1% of normal values. Treatment of 7800C 1 cells with glucagon, dibutyryl 3′,5′‐cyclic adenosine monophosphate or hydrocortisone did not increase the activity of any of the five enzymes.
The effect of DDAVP on intravenous urography (1981)

The possible role of an antidiuretic hormone analogue, DDAVP (1 deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin), in intravenous urography has been studied. The minimum effective dose of intravenous DDAVP in normal hydrated subjects was shown to be 2 ng/kg. During intravenous urography in fluid restricted subjects, a dose of 1 microgram DDAVP was necessary to reduce significantly the urine flow rate after contrast medium injection. Although the mean pyelographic score after DDAVP was increased, the differences observed were not statistically significant. The possible reasons for this finding are discussed.
Mechanism of Gliotoxin Action and Factors Mediating Gliotoxin Sensitivity (1988)

Resistance to the low M r fungal epipolythiodiketopiperazine toxin, gliotoxin, varied threefold between the phytopathogens Pythium ultimum and Rhizoctonia solani. Uptake of radiolabelled gliotoxin was rapid and concentration dependent. Uptake by P. ultimum was largely complete within 1 min while the rate of uptake peaked within 10 min for R. solani (anastomosis groups 2-2 and 4). Uptake of gliotoxin by P. ultimum was twice that shown by the more resistant R. solani. A deep rough mutant of Salmonella typhimurium, deficient in outer-membrane polysaccharide synthesis, was hypersensitive to gliotoxin, indicating that diffusion barriers play a role in relative sensitivity to gliotoxin. Fungal glutathione levels (reduced and oxidized) did not differ appreciably before or after gliotoxin exposure, indicating that this cytoplasm-based detoxification mechanism was not important in the relative fungal sensitivity to gliotoxin. Binding of the radiolabelled thiol reagents N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) and iodoacetic acid to fungal thiol groups was inhibited by gliotoxin. Conversely, the thiol reagents NEM and p-chloromercuribenzoic acid inhibited the uptake of radiolabelled gliotoxin. Uptake of radiolabelled amino acids and glucose was reduced by up to 85% by gliotoxin (8 μg ml−1). It is suggested that the primary mechanism of action of gliotoxin involves selective binding to cytoplasmic membrane thiol groups.
Andrology: Insulin-like growth factor-I and  2-macroglobulin in seminal plasma correlate with semen quality (1996)

Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2-M) are believed to be involved in the development of germ cells. IGF-I is mainly controlled by concentrations of human growth hormone (HGH), influences cell proliferation and differentiation and its action is mediated by insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins (IGFBP), placental protein 14 (PP14) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA). alpha 2-M acts as a broad spectrum proteinase inhibitor and a binding protein for many cytokines and hormones, e.g. inhibin and activin. This study was designed to identify concentrations of these molecules in seminal plasma in normal semen samples of healthy men, correlations with semen quality, the relationship of IGF-I and alpha 2-M with factors affecting male fertility, and whether vasectomy influences the concentrations of these molecules. Concentrations of IGF-I and alpha 2-M in human seminal plasma were related to semen quality, basal concentrations of HGH, testosterone, IGFBP-3, soluble fibronectin receptor (sFNR), PSA and PP14 in seminal plasma and to serum concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). Commercially available assays were used to analyse 69 semen samples of various quality and 11 post-vasectomy samples. IGF-I concentrations in seminal plasma were significantly correlated with the percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa (r = 0.748, P = 0.00001) and sperm concentration (r = 0.301, P = 0.011), but negatively correlated with serum FSH (r = -0.506, P = 0.00006) and PSA in seminal plasma (r = -0.388, P = 0.00009). Total alpha 2-M was significantly correlated with sperm count (r = 0.423, P = 0.0005), percentage of progressively motile spermatozoa (r = 0.444, P = 0.00019), quality of motility (sperm motile efficiency, r = 802, P = 0.00001) and straight line velocity (r = 0.411, P = 0.0013). Correlation between the sperm concentration and HGH in seminal plasma was weak (r = 0.287, P = 0.015). Vasectomy reduced the concentration of total alpha 2-M (P = 0.00008) and HGH (P = 0.0068) in the seminal plasma; IGF-I was also reduced after vasectomy when the total ejaculate amount was considered. Thus IGF-I and alpha 2-M are significant for the germ cell development: IGF-I in the maturation of spermatozoa and alpha 2-M in progressive motility.
The carcinogenicity of chromium (1981)

The carcinogenicity of chromium compounds is reviewed with specific attention to the gaps in knowledge for risk estimation and research needs. The most important problems at present are whether trivalent chromium compounds cause cancer, and whether there is a difference in cancer causing effects between the soluble and the slightly soluble hexavalent compounds in the practical exposure situation. Dose estimates for risk estimation based on epidemiological investigations are also lacking. Present evidence indicates that the trivalent chromium compounds do not cause cancer although high concentrations in some in vitro systems have shown genetic toxicity. Hexavalent chromium compounds cause cancer in humans, in experimental animals and exert genetic toxicity in bacteria and in mammalian cells in vitro. Epidemiological evidence and animal experiments indicate that the slightly soluble hexavalent salts are the most potent carcinogens, but proper identification and characterization of exposure patterns in epidemiological work are lacking. Workers also tend to have mixed exposures. Soluble and slightly soluble salts are equally potent genotoxic agents in vitro. Further work for establishing dose estimates for risk evaluation in epidemiological work is important. In vitro systems should be applied for further identification of the mechanism of the carcinogenic effects, and animal experiments are urgent for comparison of the carcinogenic potency of the different hexavalent salts. Hexavalent chromium salts must be regarded as established carcinogens, and proper action should be taken in all industries with regard to such exposure. At present the carcinogenic risk to the general population caused by chromium compounds seems to be negligible, chromium in cigarettes, however, is an uncertainty in this respect. The amount of chromium and the type of chromium compounds inhaled from cigarettes is not known.
Haoma-Soma in the World of Ancient Greece (1990)

Evidence of the worship of (nonalcoholic) Haoma-Soma in Iran and India (identified by Wasson as Amanita muscaria) can be found in Greece and its neighboring lands. While Iranian and India peoples preserved their original worship in their final settlements, Indo-European tribes, including the Thracians, the Phrygians, and the Greeks, after settling in Europe and Asia Minor, abandoned their ancestral worship of Soma (Sabazios) and substituted the Semitic (alcoholic) Dionysos. However, they retained traces of the original Soma worship in Dionysiac rituals. This modified Dionysiac worship spread throughout the Western world. Six formal criteria are used to establish the identify of Soma with Dionysos (Sabazios): (1) both cults had the same aim (to cause ecstatic behavior); (2) both cults required the attainment of the same spiritual state (purity); (3) both cults had an idiosyncratic myth in common; (4) both cults showed the identical word root in the name of the worshipped god; (5) both cults had identical zoological and botanical associations with their god; and (6) the alcoholic god (Dionysos) was depicted as having the same physical effects on human beings as that of the ancient nonalcoholic god (Soma).
Keynes and transformation (2003)

In his economic writings, Keynes was clearly challenging the Benthamite calculus that underpins much of orthodox economic analysis, placing particular emphasis on the often significant levels of uncertainty surrounding investment decisions. Under conditions of uncertainty decision-makers have to decide what to do on the basis of imagined images of what the future might look like, which raises the possibility that the future may be influenced by the actions of economic actors as guided by their imaginations. On the basis of this possibility some commentators have taken the view that Keynes’s contributions endorse the view that social reality is transmutable, that it is not preprogrammed and that aspects of the economic future will in part be created by human action today and in the future (although this future need not be the one intended).
An improved full-bridge zero-voltage-transition PWM DC/DC converter with zero-voltage/zero-current switching of the auxiliary switches (2002)

In this paper, an improved full-bridge (FB) zero-voltage-transition (ZVT) PWM DC/DC power converter topology is proposed. The proposed FB-ZVT PWM DC/DC power converter has the advantage of achieving zero voltage and zero current switching of the auxiliary switches using an auxiliary network. The auxiliary network is simply composed of a saturable inductor, auxiliary capacitors and auxiliary diodes. With the help of the proposed auxiliary network, the improved FB-ZVT PWM DC/DC power converter has much improved characteristics with respect to the overall system efficiency. The operation principles are explained in detail and several interesting simulation and experimental results verify the validity of the proposed circuit from a 83 kHz, 1 kW prototype power converter using IGBTs.
LASER BEACON ADAPTIVE OPTICS (1993)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text ROBERT Q. FUGATE, "LASER BEACON ADAPTIVE OPTICS," Optics & Photonics News 4(6), 14-19 (1993) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Polyphenolic Constituents of the Flowers of Berberis aristata (1991)

Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry 605 014 <em>Manuscript received 10 August 1990, revised 19 August 1991, accepted 3 September 1991</em> Polyphenolic Constituents of the Flowers of <em>Berberis aristata</em>.
Excretion in the House Cricket: Stimulation of Rectal Reabsorption by Homogenates of the Corpus Cardiacum (1993)

ABSTRACT We describe an in vitro perfused preparation of Acheta domesticus rectum which allows direct comparison of Malpighian tubule secretion and rectal absorption under identical conditions. Rectal absorption is stimulated four-to sixfold by corpora cardiaca (CC) homogenates and the stimulated rate is sufficiently rapid to account for all the fluid secreted by the tubules. The time course for increased fluid absorption is similar to that required to stimulate electrogenic chloride transport in locusts and grasshoppers. Chloride is rapidly absorbed by the rectum under all conditions, along with lesser amounts of Na+ and K+. Unlike the situation in locusts, K+ uptake is unaffected by CC homogenates and the stimulated absorbate is NaCl-rich, similar in composition to the NaCl-rich tubule fluid produced under stimulated conditions. The absorbate is always slightly hypo-osmotic to the perfusate, reaching a maximum differential of approximately 15 mosmoll-1 following CC stimulation. The antidiuretic factor that reduces tubule secretion does not promote fluid reabsorption by the rectum.
GLASS: remote monitoring of embedded systems in power engineering (1998)

Internet technology is reaching industrial embedded systems first by providing remote access to them. The GLASS system supports remote monitoring capabilities for facilities ranging from large plants to devices on mobile platforms like trains.
Improving Spatial Feature Representation from Aerial Scenes by Using Convolutional Networks (2015)

The performance of image classification is highly dependent on the quality of extracted features. Concerning high resolution remote image images, encoding the spatial features in an efficient and robust fashion is the key to generating discriminatory models to classify them. Even though many visual descriptors have been proposed or successfully used to encode spatial features of remote sensing images, some applications, using this sort of images, demand more specific description techniques. Deep Learning, an emergent machine learning approach based on neural networks, is capable of learning specific features and classifiers at the same time and adjust at each step, in real time, to better fit the need of each problem. For several task, such image classification, it has achieved very good results, mainly boosted by the feature learning performed which allows the method to extract specific and adaptable visual features depending on the data. In this paper, we propose a novel network capable of learning specific spatial features from remote sensing images, with any pre-processing step or descriptor evaluation, and classify them. Specifically, automatic feature learning task aims at discovering hierarchical structures from the raw data, leading to a more representative information. This task not only poses interesting challenges for existing vision and recognition algorithms, but also brings huge opportunities for urban planning, crop and forest management and climate modelling. The propose convolutional neural network has six layers: three convolutional, two fully-connected and one classifier layer. So, the five first layers are responsible to extract visual features while the last one is responsible to classify the images. We conducted a systematic evaluation of the proposed method using two datasets: (i) the popular aerial image dataset UCMerced Land-use and, (ii) a multispectral high-resolution scenes of the Brazilian Coffee Scenes. The experiments show that the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of overall accuracy.
The Dyke Marsh Preserve Ecosystem (2000)

For over a century, Dyke marsh along the Potomac River just south of Alexandria, VA, has been a favorite site for natural history studies. Despite earlier attempts at diking to create agricultural land and dredging for sand and gravel, the remaining marsh represents the last major tidal freshwater wetland on the upper Potomac River, and is now owned and maintained by the National Park Service as the Dyke Marsh Preserve. In the present paper historical data on physical properties and biota are compared and contrasted with more recent biological investigations to show functioning ecosystem components, interrelationships among the flora and fauna, and documented changes in biotic communities over the years. As a haven for migratory waterfowl and shorebirds, unique plant communities, and large, dynamic insect and vertebrate populations, the Preserve is constantly threatened by river pollution, nearby large-scale development projects, and bridge construction. The long-term stability of this unique Preserve depends largely on the vigilance of the Park Service, concerned citizens, and environmental groups to ensure the preservation of this valuable functioning ecosystem.
Binary Numbers and Arithmetic (1981)

A wide range of numbering systems is in use today, the most common being the decimal or denary system. This system utilises the ten digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9. It is important to note that the first number is zero, and that the tenth number is nine. The total number of digits used in the system is known as the base or radix of the system; the radix of the decimal system is ten. A numbering system widely used in association with computers is the octal system which has a radix of eight and uses the eight characters 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. Yet another system which is widely used in association with microprocessors is the hexadecimal system (abbreviated to hex) having a radix of sixteen.