gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The high‐affinity binding of laminin to cells (1989)

The laminin proteolytic fragments 1 (derived from the intersection of the short arms of the cruciform laminin molecule) and 8 (derived from the laminin long arm) bind to distinct receptors on HT-1080 human fibrosarcoma cells; both fragments are shown here to inhibit the high-affinity binding of laminin to these cells. Inhibition of binding between fragment 8 and laminin was competitive, whereas that between fragment 1 and laminin was noncompetitive. This indicates that laminin and fragment 8 most probably share the same cellular receptors, whereas laminin and fragment 1 bind to distinct receptors, inhibition being due to steric hindrance. Surprisingly, fragment 1-4 (corresponding to the complete short arms of laminin) neither bound to HT-1080 cells nor inhibited the binding of laminin or fragment 1. After treatment of fragment 1-4 with pepsin, however, the smaller subfragment 1 was liberated, which could then bind to the cells, and so was shown to block the binding of laminin and fragment 1. We conclude that native laminin bound to HT-1080 cells via the fragment-8-binding site near the end of its long arm. Although these cells also have distinct receptors for the short arm fragment 1, this receptor-binding site was not used as it appeared to be latent within the native laminin molecule.
Features of renal vasculitis in autoimmune MRL lpr/lpr mice: phenotypes and functional properties of infiltrating cells. (1988)

MRL lpr/lpr (MRL/1) mice spontaneously develop a widespread renal vasculitis. The majority of the cells in vasculitic lesions are bright Ly-1, L3T4 and la-positive in contrast to the cells found in lymph nodes and spleens of the old MRL/1 mice. However, despite differences in phenotypical patterns, B and T cells from arteritic lesions do not differ from mononuclear cells (MNC) eluted from MRL/1 lymph nodes with regard to the frequency of IgG secreting cells and the proliferative responses to Concanavalin A (Con A). Co-culture experiments with congeneic MRL+/+ (MRL/n) spleen cells indicate that the poor response to Con A of the MNC eluted from vasculitic lesions is, unlike the case of lymph node MNC, due to suppressive action of vasculitic cells on the indicator cell population. Further support for the activation status of infiltrating MHC in kidney vasculitic lesions, expressed by high in vivo uptake of 3H-thymidine, was obtained by autoradiography performed on frozen sections. The observed differences in phenotypic patterns and functional features between lymph node MNC and infiltrating vasculitic MNC indicate that different immune mechanisms may be responsible for the development of lymphadenopathy and vasculopathy, respectively in MRL/1 mouse.
Decomposition of Flux Distributions into Metabolic Pathways (2013)

Genome-scale reconstructions are often used for studying relationships between fundamental components of a metabolic system. In this study, we develop a novel computational method for analyzing predicted flux distributions for metabolic reconstructions. Because chemical reactions may have multiple reactants and products, a directed hypergraph where hyperarcs may have multiple tail vertices and head vertices is a more appropriate representation of the metabolic network than a conventional network. We use this view to represent predicted flux distributions by maximum generalized flows on hypergraphs. We then demonstrate that the generalized hyperflow problem may be transformed to an equivalent network flow problem with side constraints. This transformation allows a flux to be decomposed into chains of reactions. Subsequent analysis of these chains helps to characterize active pathways in a flux distribution. Such characterizations facilitate comparisons of flux distributions for different environmental conditions. The proposed method is applied to compare predicted flux distributions for Salmonella typhimurium to study changes in metabolism that cause enhanced virulence during a space flight. The differences between flux distributions corresponding to normal and enhanced virulence states confirm previous observations concerning infection mechanisms and suggest new pathways for exploration.
Micromechanisms of deformation and fracture in EPDM/IPP dynamic vulcanizates. (2002)

D92-D92
Controlling robots on-orbit (2002)

Space and underwater vehicles with robotic manipulators can severely tax the capability of conventional control architectures. In this report, the control system and operator interface for a submersible vehicle used in microgravity simulation are examined. The architecture of the onboard controller and the control station are described as well as the vehicle/operator communications. The control approach is demonstrated on the Ranger Neutral Buoyancy Vehicle (NBV) currently in operation at the Space Systems Laboratory at the University of Maryland.
Malignant pheochromocytoma in a young adult forming the structure simulating Homer Wright rosette: Differentiation from neuroblastoma on repeating fluorescence <i>in situ</i> hybridization (2008)

A peculiar adrenal tumor was analyzed using immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with multiple bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) probes. The patient was a 34-year-old woman with a mass above the left kidney and multiple metastases. Her serum and urine dopamine level were elevated, and a diagnosis of malignant pheochromocytoma was made. The patient died approximately 3 years after her first visit. On post-mortem an adrenal tumor composed of small round cells forming Homer Wright rosette-like structures, a feature rarely observed in pheochromocytoma, was found. Immunohistochemistry was positive for chromogranin A and synaptophysin, and negative for cytokeratin, vimentin and neurofilaments. Because these results did not rule out a diagnosis of neuroblastoma, the tumor was further characterized on FISH with multiple BAC probes for loci known to be altered in neuroblastoma or pheochromocytoma, according to information in the literature that was for the most part obtained using comparative genomic hybridization. FISH demonstrated loss of heterozygosity at 11p, and gains at 16p, 19p, and 19q, a profile that favored a diagnosis of malignant pheochromocytoma over neuroblastoma. This case demonstrates that repeating FISH is useful for differential diagnosis.
RSK2 Binding Models Delineate Key Features for Activity. (2010)

Due to its overexpression and activation in human cancer cells and tissues, an emerging molecular target in cancer therapeutics is p90 ribosomal s6 kinase 2 (RSK2). While a growing number of RSK2 inhibitors have been reported in the literature, only the crystal structure of RSK2 in complex with an AMP analogue provides a structural basis for understanding RSK2 inhibition. To remedy this, we used our fluorescence polarization assay to determine the RSK2 activity for a set of structurally diverse compounds, and followed this by modeling their binding modes in an all-atom, energy refined crystal structure of RSK2. These binding models reveal that Val131 and Leu147 are key interaction sites for potent RSK2 inhibition. This structure-based pharmacophore is an important tool for new lead discovery and refinement.
Prevention of experimental motion sickness by scopolamine absorbed through the skin. (1976)

A double-blind placebo-controlled study compared the efficacy of the antimotion sickness drug scopolamine when administered by oral or transdermal routes. A secondary purpose was to extend our bioassay involving fixed-dose combinations of the homergic drugs promethazine and ephedrine. After receiving 12 apparently identical drug-placebo treatments, eight normal male students were exposed to a slow rotation room to stressful accelerations generated by their execution of 40 head movements out of the plane of the room's rotation of 1 rpm and at 1-rpm increments until either symptoms were experienced (just short of frank motion sickness) or the 27-rpm ceiling on the test was reached. Efficacy of a drug was defined in terms of the placeborange and categorized as beneficial, inconsequential, or detrimental. The rank order of drugs with beneficial effects was: 1) promethazine 25 mg plus ephedrine 12.5 mg (86%); 2) scopolamine by mouth (75%); 3) scopolamine transdermally (63%); and 4) promethazine 12.5 mg plus ephedrine 25 mg (29%). The only detrimental effect was with scopolamine given orally. It is concluded that the advantages of the transdermal scopolamine, which include minimal side effects and prolonged effectiveness, deserve full exploitation.
Adenoviral vector-mediated expression of B-50/GAP-43 induces alterations in the membrane organization of olfactory axon terminals in vivo. (1997)

B-50/GAP-43 is an intraneuronal membrane-associated growth cone protein with an important role in axonal growth and regeneration. By using adenoviral vector-directed expression of B-50/GAP-43 we studied the morphogenic action of B-50/GAP-43 in mature primary olfactory neurons that have established functional synaptic connections. B-50/GAP-43 induced gradual alterations in the morphology of olfactory synapses. In the first days after overexpression, small protrusions originating from the preterminal axon shaft and from the actual synaptic bouton were formed. With time the progressive formation of multiple ultraterminal branches resulted in axonal labyrinths composed of tightly packed sheaths of neuronal membrane. Thus, B-50/GAP-43 is a protein that can promote neuronal membrane expansion at synaptic boutons. This function of B-50/GAP-43 suggests that this protein may subserve an important role in ongoing structural synaptic plasticity in adult neurons and in neuronal membrane repair after injury to synaptic fields.
The effects of particulate bone cements at the bone-implant interface (2001)

We used a rat model in vivo to study the effects of particulate bone cements at the bone-implant interface. A ceramic pin was implanted into the tibiae of 48 rats. Three types of particle of clinically relevant size were produced from one bone-cement base without radio-opacifier, with zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) and with barium sulphate (BaSO4). The rats were randomly assigned to four groups to receive one of the three bone cements or normal saline with 2% v/v Sprague-Dawley serum as the control. A total of 10(9) particles was injected into the knee at 8, 10 and 12 weeks after the original surgery. The animals were killed at 14 weeks and the tibiae processed for histomorphometry. The area of fibrous tissue and the gap between the implant and bone were measured using image analysis. All three types of particle were associated with a larger area of bone resorption than the control. Only in the case of the BaSO4-containing cement did this reach statistical significance (p = 0.01). Particles of bone cement appear to promote osteolysis at the bone-implant interface and this effect is most marked when BaSO4 is used as the radiopaque agent.
Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression in Macrophages Plays a Beneficial Role in Atherosclerosis (2007)

Heme oxygenase (HO-1) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the catabolism of heme, which leads to the generation of biliverdin, iron, and carbon monoxide. It has been shown to have important antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties that result in a vascular antiatherogenic effect. To determine whether HO-1 expression in macrophages constitutes a significant component of the protective role in atherosclerosis, we evaluated the effect of decreased or absent HO-1 expression in peritoneal macrophages on oxidative stress and inflammation in vitro, and the effect of complete deficiency of HO-1 expression in macrophages in atherosclerotic lesion formation in vivo. We found that compared with HO-1(+/+) controls, peritoneal macrophages from HO-1(-/-) and HO-1(+/-) mice exhibited (1) increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, (2) increased proinflammatory cytokines such as monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) and interleukin 6 (IL-6), and (3) increased foam cell formation when treated with oxLDL, attributable in part to increased expression of scavenger receptor A (SR-A). Bone marrow transplantation experiments performed in lethally irradiated LDL-R null female mice, reconstituted with bone marrow from HO-1(-/-) versus HO-1(+/+) mice, revealed that HO-1(-/-) reconstituted animals exhibited atherosclerotic lesions with a greater macrophage content as evaluated by immunohistochemistry and planimetric assessment. We conclude that HO-1 expression in macrophages constitutes an important component of the antiatherogenic effect by increasing antioxidant protection and decreasing the inflammatory component of atherosclerotic lesions.
Characterization of Four Antigens Distinguishin Benign and Malignant Human Melanocytes (1987)

: The International Society of Dermatopathology: Abstracts of Papers Presented at the Seventh International Dermatopathology Colloquium, May 23–25, 1986, Graz, Austria: PDF Only
Influence of the chemical composition of poly[ester-<i>block</i>-ether]s on the phase structure (1998)

Abstract The influence of the chemical composition on the phase structure, and from this the structure-property relationships, of poly[ester-block-ether] (PEE) elastomers based on poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) hard segments and oligo(α,ω-dihydroxy poly(oxytetraniethylene)) (PTMO) and/or dimer fatty acid (DFA) soft segments was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), and tensile testing. Differences in thermal and mechanical properties with varying hard and soft segment composition are interpreted in terms of the phase miscibility of the various polymers studied.
Performance analysis of the golden-SM in the V2V network (2014)

This paper shows that golden code spatial modulation (Golden-SM) improves the performance of bandwidth efficiency and reception in vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) networks. The conventional multi-input multi-output (MIMO) scheme, space-time block code (STBC), increases the reception performance in correlated channel but cannot increase the bandwidth efficiency since it transmits two symbols during two symbol duration. SM increases the reception performance in correlated channel, and golden code increases the bandwidth efficiency since it transmits four symbols during two symbol duration. Therefore, the simulation shows Golden-SM scheme has better performance than STBC in V2V network channels which have Rician channel properties with correlation between transmit antennas.
High performance gel filtration using monodisperse highly cross‐linked agarose as a one‐step system for mucin purification (1993)

High performance gel filtration on monodisperse cross-linked agarose (Superose 6) has been assessed as a system for purification of mucus glycoproteins. Comparison with the conventional two-step purification of mucus glycoprotein by Sepharose CL4B gel filtration followed by caesium chloride density gradient centrifugation shows that purification by high performance gel filtration is at least as thorough, yielding mucin that is free from non-mucin glycoproteins as defined by buoyant density, mobility on sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and absence of Concanavalin A binding (mannose-containing) material. This technique allows mucus glycoprotein to be purified from lyophilized crude mucin in 120 min compared with approximately 72 h using the conventional techniques. This makes the comparative study of mucus glycoprotein changes in disease states much more feasible.
Parental eating attitudes and indicators of healthy eating in a longitudinal randomized dietary intervention trial (the STRIP study) (2011)

Parents' general health interest was associated with regular dietary counselling as well as with healthier food choice behaviour. However, the dietary intervention that focused especially on the quality of the child's fat intake also enhanced specific changes in the family's fat consumption without a high level of interest in healthy eating.
Preexisting melanoma and hematological malignancies, prognosis, and timing to solid organ transplantation: A consensus expert opinion statement (2020)

Patients undergoing evaluation for solid organ transplantation (SOT) frequently have a history of malignancy. Only patients with treated cancer are considered for SOT but the benefits of transplantation need to be balanced against the risk of tumor recurrence, taking into consideration the potential effects of immunosuppression. Prior guidelines on timing to transplant in patients with a prior treated malignancy do not account for current staging, disease biology, or advances in cancer treatments. To update these recommendations, the American Society of Transplantation (AST) facilitated a consensus workshop to comprehensively review contemporary literature regarding cancer therapies, cancer stage specific prognosis, the kinetics of cancer recurrence, as well as the limited data on the effects of immunosuppression on cancer-specific outcomes. This document contains prognosis, treatment, and transplant recommendations for melanoma and hematological malignancies. Given the limited data regarding the risk of cancer recurrence in transplant recipients, the goal of the AST-sponsored conference and the consensus documents produced are to provide expert opinion recommendations that help in the evaluation of patients with a history of a pretransplant malignancy for transplant candidacy.
Rift Valley Fever Potential, Arabian Peninsula (2006)

2 episodes of surgical debridement during the first month. The lesions began to improve in the second month of medical therapy, when skin grafting was performed. The patient remained well and was discharged after almost 3 months. Medications were continued for a total period of 6 months. The patient has been well for >2 years.
Mendelian and Uniparental Alterations in Erythromycin Binding by Plastid Ribosomes (1971)

Erythromycin binds specifically to the 52S subunit of the chloroplast ribosome of Chlamydomonas reinhardi. A number of erythromycin-resistant mutants whose ribosomes have lost their affinity for the antibiotic have been isolated, but the sedimentation properties of their ribosomes are indistinguishable from those of the wild-type strain. These mutants represent at least three genetic loci. Two of them show Mendelian inheritance, and one of them is inherited in a uniparental manner.
<title>Photorefractive dynamic memories for optical processing: performances and limitations (Invited Paper)</title> (1992)

After a rapid introduction that presents the main reasons for the renewal of interest for photorefractive holographic memories, we first discuss their potentialities and limitations. We then continue by a presentation and analysis of novel techniques that permit considerable facilitation of the memory operation and improve its capabilities. In conclusion, we indicate envisioned applications for photorefractive holographic memories.
The cloning and characterization of phage promoters, directing high expression of luciferase in <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv. <i>phaseolicola</i>, allowing single cell and microcolony detection (1993)

Regions of DNA containing promoter sequences from a Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola-specific phage (phi 11P) were identified by shotgun cloning into a broad-host-range promoter-probe vector (pQF70). When used in conjunction with the luciferase reporter genes, one of these DNA fragments, 19H, directed gene expression at a level which enabled the subsequent light output (bioluminescence) of single cells of P. syringae pv. phaseolicola to be detected and visualized using a charge-coupled device (CCD). The P. syringae pv. phaseolicola phi 11P, 19H and P. aeruginosa phi PLS27, HcM promoters gave a 50-fold increase in bioluminescence (maximum relative light output) compared to similar constructs containing other well-characterized promoters, for example, tetracycline. Similar bioluminescent characteristics of the transformed bacterium, were observed during growth with and without antibiotic-selection. When lux+ bacteria were inoculated onto French bean leaf (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), the resultant secondary halo blight lesions were bioluminescent and during phylloplane colonization by the lux+ bacterium, bioluminescence on leaf surfaces was detected and imaged by the CCD. Use of these newly identified promoters, combined with the greatly increased sensitivity of bioluminescence detection by the CCD, thus provided a new dimension for the study of natural ecological populations during the bacterial colonization of plants.
What Factors Control Dimerization of Coniferyl Alcohol? (1999)

Summary Data suggest that the dimerization of coniferyl alcohol is not under thermodynamic control. In this study, molecular dynamics calculations were used to estimate the effect of the solvent environment. In water, the coniferyl alcohol radicals were forced to associate by the formation of a solvent cage. In glycerol, the solvent cage effect appeared to be absent. These results suggest that in water, the product distribution of the dimers will be modified by interactions with the solvent. The computed results are consistent with experimental observations of coniferyl alcohol reactions in various solvents.
[Surgery for multiple aortic aneurysms with unstable angina pectoris; report of a case]. (2008)

A 77-year-old female with unstable angina pectoris was referred to our hospital for further evaluation of multiple aortic aneurysms. Computed tomography showed descending thoracic (65 mm), thoracoabdominal (40 mm) and infra-renal abdominal aneurysm (50 mm). Initially, this patient underwent off pump coronary revascularization. On 11 days after initial surgery, descending thoracic aneurysm ruptured, followed by emergent descending thoracic and thoraco-abdominal aneurysm repair. Two months later from this aortic repair, this patient successfully underwent abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. At 3 years and 7th month after the last operation, she is well without limitation of daily activities and any evidence of myocardial ischemia.
Lack of<i>in vitro</i>biofilm formation does not attenuate the virulence of<i>Streptococcus gordonii</i>in experimental endocarditis (2006)

The ability to induce experimental endocarditis of biofilm-deficient mutants of Streptococcus gordonii was studied in an isogenic background. Strains were inactivated in either comD, fruK or pbp2b genes, which are involved in biofilm formation. These strains were clearly impaired (>75% reduction) in biofilm production in vitro. However, this did not result in a decreased severity of infection in vivo.
Summaries of the 4th Annual JPL Airborne Geoscience Workshop. Volume 1: AVIRIS Workshop (1993)

This publication contains the summaries for the Fourth Annual JPL Airborne Geoscience Workshop, held in Washington, D. C. October 25-29, 1993 The main workshop is divided into three smaller workshops as follows: The Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) workshop, October 25-26 (the summaries for this workshop appear in this volume, Volume 1); The Thermal Infrared Multispectral Scanner (TMIS) workshop, on October 27 (the summaries for this workshop appear in Volume 2); and The Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (AIRSAR) workshop, October 28-29 (the summaries for this workshop appear in Volume 3).