gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Angle-resolved Raman spectroscopy of the collective modes in an electron bilayer (1999)

Electronic Raman scattering from ${\mathrm{G}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{A}\mathrm{s}/\mathrm{A}\mathrm{l}}_{x}{\mathrm{Ga}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}\mathrm{As}$ double quantum well structures has been used to observe the acoustic and optic plasmon modes of an electron bilayer system. Angle-resolved measurements allowed direct determination of their dispersions for several separations of the electron layers; these were well described by corresponding dispersion calculations in the random-phase approximation (RPA). Qualitative agreement was obtained between measurements of the relative intensities of the acoustic and optic modes and calculations using a simple nonresonant RPA formalism for the Raman scattering cross section. The markedly different linewidths observed for the acoustic and optic modes are interpreted in terms of the greater localization of the electric fields of the acoustic plasmon, which is therefore much less susceptible to impurity damping than is the optic plasmon.
Circulating Mitochondrial (mt) DNA Fragments as Precursors of Inflammation in Early Stages of Atherogenesis (2017)

Atherosclerosis and its vascular complications are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among Western populations. It is widely accepted that inflammation plays a major role in all stages of atherogenesis, including its initial phases. However, the mechanisms of initiation of inflammatory response predisposing to the development of atherosclerosis are not well understood. Mitochondrial dysfunction underlies many key processes in the development of atherosclerosis, including generation of reactive oxygen species, apoptosis, and inflammation. There is growing evidence that oxidative mtDNA damage can directly promote atherosclerosis. The mechanism linking mitochondrial damage to atherogenesis remains unclear, but may include initiation of inflammation by circulating mtDNA fragments known as DAMPs (Damage Associated Molecular Patterns). Previously, we have demonstrated that mice deficient in DNA repair glycosylase Ogg1 and fed a high fat diet developed larger fatty streaks in the aortic valve as a sign of early atherogenesis that was correlated with higher mtDNA oxidative damage in cardiac tissue and elevated content of plasma mtDNA fragments in comparison to wild type animals. In the present study we tested the hypothesis that development of atherosclerosis in animal model is associated with increased abundance of circulating pro‐inflammatory mtDNA fragments. ApoE‐null and wild type mice of increasing age were analyzed for atherosclerotic burden within the aortic valve and for abundance of mtDNA fragments in plasma. ApoE‐null mice develop atherosclerotic plaque in the aortic valve either spontaneously with age or after feeding a high fat diet. Early lesions were detected in ApoE‐null mice by 3 months of age whereas in 5‐month old animals they became prominent. Atherosclerotic burden reached 30% of valve area in 10‐month old animals and remained at that level in 12‐month old mice. Wild type animals did not develop lesions within the aortic valve at any age. The abundance of circulating mtDNA fragments was higher in ApoE‐null mice in all age groups when compared to wild type animals. Importantly, the largest relative increase in mtDNA fragments (5 to 6.5 fold vs. age‐matched controls) was observed in ApoE‐null mice at 3 and 5 months. These results indicate that circulating mtDNA fragments could be precursors of inflammation development in early stages of atherogenesis and suggest that efficient maintenance of mtDNA integrity could be an important target for atheroprotection. Support or Funding Information NIH R01 HL113614
Bringing Order to the Pollution Control Industry: Issues in Assessing the Performance of Gross Pollutant Traps (1999)

Urban stormwater management is becoming increasingly concerned with improving stormwater quality. A treatment train approach is required with gross pollutant traps being one component of the process. A number of proprietary designs (generally prefabricated) are on the market although limited field data have been collected on their performance. Selection of an appropriate design for these GPTs requires consideration of a number of interrelated performance parameters to meet appropriate pollution removal efficiencies against capital and maintenance cost of the trap. Units also need to be integrated with the other components of the treatment train.
Optical second-harmonic phase spectroscopy of Si(111)-SiO/sub 2/ interface (2003)

Summary form only given. We report on the observation of the spectral dependence of the phase of second harmonic (SH) waves generated from Si(111)-SiO/sub 2/ interface with SH photon energies from 3.6 eV to 5 eV. We directly observe that the real part of silicon quadratic susceptibility, contrary to linear susceptibility, does not change the sign while passing through E/sub 2/ resonance. We interpret such a spectral behavior as indicating the strong influence of interband transitions located near E/sub 1/' critical point.
Gender Specific Effect of Neonatal Handling on Stress Reactivity of Adolescent Rats (2003)

Early neonatal handling of rat pups produces dampened hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis reactivity to stress in adult male offspring. However, less is known about whether there is a similar effect for females. Although, most studies of neonatal handling have examined subsequent effects during adulthood, adolescence is an important developmental stage for stress responsivity. To address these issues, the effect of neonatal handling on the endocrine stress response and brain activity of male and female rats was determined in response to acute restraint stress during adolescence. Consistent with previous findings in adult males, neonatal handling reduced restraint stress-induced hormone levels in adolescent males. However, in contrast, we found elevated plasma hormone concentrations in handled females. A gender-specific handling effect on brain activity was also evident, with significantly increased stress-induced activation of the posterior cingulate cortex of handled females, as measured by c-fos mRNA expression. The striking gender difference in the effect of early neonatal handling provides evidence that this must be considered as an important variable in subsequent stress responsivity induced by early manipulations.
Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation- Pros and Cons (2010)

Breast conservation surgery followed by whole breast irradiation has been established as a standard of care for the treatment of early stage breast cancer and is associated with excellent local control and overall survival. As most in-breast recurrences occur in the area surrounding the primary breast cancer, it has been hypothesized that selected breast cancer patients may be adequately treated with accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI), obviating the need for whole breast irradiation. Advantages of APBI include a shorter treatment schedule that may result in perceived patient convenience and more women opting for breast conservation therapy. These possible benefits of APBI must be balanced with the potential risk of recurrence within untreated breast tissue and the possible long term toxicity associated with larger doses per fraction and accelerated course of irradiation. Although, the preliminary results with APBI are encouraging, appropriate patient selection and optimal dosimetric guidelines remain to be clearly defined.
The role of sentinel node biopsy in gynecological cancer: a review (2009)

In early-stage vulvar cancer, data suggest that sentinel node biopsy could be offered as a treatment option instead of routine inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy. However, more (long-term follow-up) data are needed to further appreciate real clinical benefits. It is emphasized that the procedure should be performed by a skilled multidisciplinary team, centralized in oncology centers and preferably within the protection of clinical trials. For cervical cancer, data are promising, but routine application cannot be recommended due to lack of data on clinical utility and safety. For endometrial cancer, studies on the sentinel node biopsy are still in feasibility stage.
Acid-catalyzed aromatizations of arene oxides and arene hydrates: are arene oxides homoaromatic? (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAcid-catalyzed aromatizations of arene oxides and arene hydrates: are arene oxides homoaromatic?S. Nagaraja Rao, Rory A. More O'Ferrall, Sandra C. Kelly, Derek R. Boyd, and Rajiv AgarwalCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 13, 5458–5465Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00066a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00066a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1253Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Human Labor Is Associated with Reduced Decidual Cell Expression of Progesterone, But Not Glucocorticoid, Receptors (2010)

In post- vs. pre-uterine-contraction specimens, significantly lower HSCOREs in DC nuclei, but not IT, and unchanging GR levels in DCs and ITs suggest that functional P4 withdrawal may occur in DCs and is unlikely to involve the GR. Nuclear extracts from DC monolayer cultures express steroid-regulated PR-A and PR-B and constitutive GR.
Essential Role of the Prosurvival bcl-2 Homologue A1 in Mast Cell Survival After Allergic Activation (2001)

Mast cells reside in tissues, where upon activation through the high-affinity-IgE-receptor (FcepsilonRI) they degranulate and orchestrate the allergic reaction. Mast cells survive this activation and can thus be reactivated. In this study we demonstrate that this process depends on the pro-survival gene A1. Activation of mast cells through FcepsilonRI resulted in degranulation, strong induction of A1 mRNA and protein, and cell survival. In contrast, A1-deficient mast cells released granule mediators similar to the wild-type control, but the cells did not survive an allergic activation. Furthermore, A1(-/-) mice that had been sensitized and provoked with allergen exhibited a lower number of mast cell compared with littermate controls. The induction of A1 was dependent on calcium, as EDTA prevented A1 expression. The calcium ionophore, ionomycin, induced A1 expression and mast cell survival, whereas compound 48/80, a well-known mast cell secretagogue, did not. This study uncovers the importance of A1 for mast cell survival in allergic reactions, and it proposes A1 as a potential target for the treatment of allergic diseases.
Synthesis of [11C]levofloxacin (2001)

Levofloxacin, the pure S enantiomer of the fluoroquinolone antibiotic ofloxacin, was labeled via methylation of the corresponding, des-methyl, secondary amine with N.C.A. [11C]methyl iodide. The methylation reaction was regioselective, giving predominantly the preferred methyl amine at high temperature in DMF, while otherwise giving predominantly the methyl ester of a free carboxylic acid also present in the molecule. Levofloxacin was obtained in 80% chemical yield after a 45 min synthesis. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pre-emption of human cell-mediated lympholysis by a suppressive mechanism activated in mixed lymphocyte cultures (1975)

The regulation of B-cell and T-cell immune responses has been extensively examined and in the experimental animal appears to involve regulatory or "suppressor" T cells (1-4). The limitations of in vitro experimentation have made comparable study of nonpathological human suppression quite difficult (5). We report here an in vitro method that generates and quantitates suppressor activity in man after antigen-specific activation in mixed leukocyte culture (MLC). The one-way MLC induces both a proliferative response (6) and the generation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) (7). Both of these responses are mediated by antigen-specific T-cell subpopulations (8,9) and have been correlated with recognitive and destructive phases of allograft rejection. Recent reports have examined the antigen reactivity of mouse (10,11), rat (12), or human (13,14) lymphocytes obtained after proliferation in MLC. In all cases, after the primary MLC proliferative peak, the recovered lymphocytes rapidly differentiate upon re-exposure to the initial stimulating population, but do so only weakly when exposed to a presumably noncross-reactive third-party stimulating population. Velocity sedimentation separation studies have shown that the blast cells produced in a primary MLC revert to small lymphocytes that rapidly differentiate into proliferating and/or cytotoxic T lymphocytes upon restimulation with the initial antigen (15). These findings demonstrate that positive selection for the responding population in primary MLC does exist and may account for at least part of the specificity of the secondary response. However, this positive selection does not preclude possible involvement of a suppressor mechanism. In fact we have detected suppressor activity in primary MLC sensitization cultures at a time when the proliferation responsible for positive selection does not preclude possible involvement of a suppressor mechanism. In fact we have detected suppressor activity in primary MLC sensitization cultures at a time when the proliferation responsible for positive selection in not yet significant, suggesting that suppression may be overriding importance in the specificity of MLC-activated secondary responses.
Trace-orthogonal design of MIMO systems with simple scalar detectors, full diversity and (almost) full rate (2005)

We propose a space-time coding strategy based on the use of families of matrices orthogonal in the trace of their product. The advantages of the proposed method are: i) possibility for symbol-by-symbol detection; ii) full diversity gain with respect to the noise; iii) full transmission rate, provided that the number of receive antennas is sufficiently higher than the number of transmit antennas; iv) direct extension to multiuser systems. The price paid for these advantages is the presence of ISI or multiuser interference (MUI). The method offers great flexibility in designing codes that provide the desired trade-off between BER, transmission rate and receiver complexity. We provide a theoretical analysis, supported by simulation results, showing how to balance transmission rate with BER, in the presence of (controllable) ISI. Finally, we generalize the method to the multiuser case.
Evolution of power sources for biomedical implantable applications (1980)

The implantation of the first pacemakers in experimental animals in May 1958 is reported. Use was made of Mallory zinc-mercury batteries. For the next fifteen years, this same battery powered nearly all pacemakers. By 1970, average battery life was only two years. Nuclear, rechargeable and biogalvanic batteries were intensively studied and rejected. A new family of primary batteries with lithium anodes and halide cathodes proved satisfactory and today nearly all pacemakers use them. 28 refs.
ANALYSIS OF THE NUCLEAR GENOME, AND CONSTRUCTION OF A GENETIC MAP FOR PEACH [Prunus persica (L.) BATSCH.]. (1992)

Flow cytometric analysis, of leaf nuclei from three cultivars, was used to estimate the DNA content of peach (∼0.61 pg or ∼0.59 × 10 9 bp/diploid nucleus; 2x=16), and ndicated that the peach genome is only slightly larger than that of Arabidopsis . This value was indirectly confirmed by measurements of nuclei from haploid, triploid and “tetraploid” (cytochimera) peach accessions. cDNA and genomic clones have been used to determine the level of polymorphism among various peach cultivars and related species. Overall, ∼33% of the clones detected polymorphic loci. As expected, the highest level of polymorphism was found in interspecific hybrids (∼50%); whereas in intraspecific populations, only 1 in 5 genomic clones, and 1 in 3 cDNA clones were able to detect polymorphisms (RFLPs). These clones, as well as RAPD primers, are being used to construct a genetic linkage map by analyzing their segregation in 3 intraspecific peach populations (an Fl from France and two F2s from the U.S.). Taken together, these populations are segregating for 12 Mendelian traits and a number of quantitative traits. Our results have enabled us to identify a number of linkage groups, some composed of both molecular and phenotypic markers. The current structure of the peach map is reported.
Methane Emissions to the Atmosphere Through Aquatic Plants (1985)

Abstract The movement of methane (CH 4 ) from anaerobic sediments through the leaves, stems, and flowers of aquatic plants and into the atmosphere was found to provide a significant pathway for the emission of CH 4 from the aquatic substrates of flooded wetlands. Methane concentrations well above the surrounding ambient air levels were found in the mesophyll of 16 varieties of aquatic plants and are attributed to transpiration, diffusion, and pressure‐induced flow of gaseous CH 4 from the roots when they are embedded in CH 4 ‐saturated anaerobic sediments. Methane emissions from the emergent parts of aquatic plants were measured using floating chamber techniques and by enclosing the plants in polyethylene bags of known volume. Concentration changes were monitored in the trapped air using syringes and gas chromatographic techniques. Vertical profiles of dissolved CH 4 in sediment pore water surrounding the aquatic plants' rhizomes were obtained using an interstitial sampling technique. Methane emissions from the aquatic plants studied varied from 14.8 mg CH 4 d −1 to levels too low to be detectable. Rooted and unrooted freshwater aquatic plants were studied as well as saltwater and brackish water plants. Included in the experiment is a detailed set of measurements on CH 4 emissions from the common cattail ( Typha latifolia ). This paper illustrates that aquatic plants play an important gas exchange role in the C cycle between wetlands and the atmosphere.
Decreased Expression of MicroRNA-143 and -145 in Human Gastric Cancers (2009)

Taken together, these findings suggest that miR-143 and miR-145 act as anti-oncomirs common to gastrointestinal tumors.
Steroid Sulfotransferase 2A1 Gene Transcription Is Regulated by Steroidogenic Factor 1 and GATA-6 in the Human Adrenal (2004)

Sulfonation is a phase II conjugation reaction responsible for the biotransformation of many compounds including steroids, bile acids, and drugs. Humans are presently known to express at least five cytosolic sulfotransferase (SULT) enzymes, of which only two are hydroxysteroid SULT, SULT2A1, commonly known as steroid sulfotransferase, and the cholesterol sulfotransferase SULT2B1. SULT2A1 is highly expressed in the adrenal where it is responsible for the sulfation of hydroxysteroids including conversion of dehydroepiandrosterone to dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and in the liver where it is responsible for sulfation of bile acids and circulating hydroxysteroids. Little is known concerning the transcriptional regulation of human SULT2A1 in adrenal. Herein we demonstrate the role of two transcription factors, steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1) and GATA-6, in the regulation of SULT2A1 transcription. These transcription factors were quantified by real-time RT-PCR in normal human adrenal tissue. Transient transfection assays with deleted and mutated SULT2A1 promoter constructs allowed for the determination of specific SF1 and GATA binding cis-regulatory elements necessary for transactivation of SULT2A1 promoter, and binding was confirmed by EMSA analysis. Both SF1 and GATA-6 were positive regulators of SULT2A1 promoter constructs. These data support the hypothesis that adrenal SULT2A1 expression is regulated by SF1 and GATA-6.
Genetic Background Has a Major Impact on Differences in Sleep Resulting from Environmental Influences in Drosophila (2012)

One must control environmental conditions in a rigorously consistent manner to ensure that sleep data may be compared between experiments. Genetic background has a significant impact upon changes in sleep behavior and variance of behavior due to demographic factors and environmental interventions. This represents an opportunity to discover new genes that modify sleep/wake behavior.
Structure and Structure‐Function Relationships in Glycoprotein Hormones (1976)

Relationships between the sequences of thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone, TSH), lutropin (luteinizing hormone, LH), human choriogonadotropin (chorionic gonadotropin, hCG) and follitropin (follicle-stimulating hormone, FSH) are now well established. Each beta-subunit contains six disulphide bonds and considerable homology is seen when all four linear sequences are aligned with half-cystine residues in juxtaposition. Major questions about the tertiary structures of the subunits and their interactions to form active hormone remain. Determination of the disulphide bridges in both alpha- and beta-subunits has not yielded to usual methods and conflicting data about the alpha-subunit have been reported. Partial reduction of the beta-subunits of LH and TSH with subsequent labelling of the cysteines formed has shown that a single bond is first reduced. This bond is between positions 93 and 100 in LH-beta and the corresponding positions 88-95 in TSH-beta. Thus, as would be expected from the fact that interhormone hybrids can be made with the common alpha-subunits, the chemical data, though still limited, indicate similar tertiary structures for the different beta-subunits. To investigate whether other useful intermediates can be obtained after partial reduction, we have studied reduction and derivative formation in various conditions. Intact LH is more resistant to reduction than either its alpha- or beta-subunit but no intermediates have been observed which are not present after partial reduction of individual subunits. Preliminary experiments on the reoxidation of fully reduced alpha-subunit show that the reoxidized material will recombine with native beta-subunits to yield biologically active TSH or LH. Studies from this and other laboratories on chemical modifications of several amino acid residues of glycoprotein hormones and their subunits are also summarized.
Performance Analysis of Two-Tier Networks with Closed Access Small-Cells (2016)

International audience
Influence of event-based haptic on the manipulation of rigid objects in degraded virtual environments (2009)

In this paper, we propose to evaluate the benefits of event-based haptic rendering in virtual environments subject to high damping or low contact stiffness. In such context, the degraded perception of contact impairs the manipulation performance and the overall user's experience. Haptic rendering techniques known as event-based (or open-loop) rendering have been proposed to improve the realism of contacts in such contexts.