gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Book Reviews (2019)

The two daughters of the American ambassador to the Soviet Union, 1957Union, -1962Union, and 1967Union, -1969, have written a memorial biography of his career that covers much of the Cold War.Unlike most diplomats associated with that country, Llewellyen Thompson grew up on a ranch in Colorado and after brief attendance at the University of Colorado entered the foreign service in 1930, initially posted to Ceylon (Sri Lanka).The first paragraph sets the stage:A long, lean, graceful, and absurdly quiet man, Llewellyn E Thompson Jr. is and was a mystery.He was sociable and made friends easily, yet he was reserved and self-effacing.He gained respect from his subordinates but was never domineering.He was a ladies' man, but not a playboy.
Peripheral antinociceptive effects of morphine after burn injury (1993)

In a double-blind study, 2 mg of morphine in saline, or saline only, was given subcutaneously into a second-degree bilateral leg-burn injury in 12 volunteers. Heat-pain thresholds and pressure-pain thresholds were significantly increased by local morphine administration. These results confirm experimental data demonstrating a peripheral antinociceptive effects of opioids in inflamed tissue.
Analysis of reflex modulation with a biologically realistic neural network (2007)

In this study, a neuromusculoskeletal model was built to give insight into the mechanisms behind the modulation of reflexive feedback strength as experimentally identified in the human shoulder joint. The model is an integration of a biologically realistic neural network consisting of motoneurons and interneurons, modeling 12 populations of spinal neurons, and a one degree-of-freedom musculoskeletal model, including proprioceptors. The model could mimic the findings of human postural experiments, using presynaptic inhibition of the Ia afferents to modulate the feedback gains. In a pathological case, disabling one specific neural connection between the inhibitory interneurons and the motoneurons could mimic the experimental findings in complex regional pain syndrome patients. It is concluded that the model is a valuable tool to gain insight into the spinal contributions to human motor control. Applications lay in the fields of human motor control and neurological disorders, where hypotheses on motor dysfunction can be tested, like spasticity, clonus, and tremor.
Community parks and arboreta or botanic gardens (1957)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Delivering a Victim Impact Statement: Emotionally effective or counter-productive? (2014)

Although the delivery of a Victim Impact Statement (VIS) in court is assumed to contribute to the healing and recovery process of victims of violent crimes, its effectiveness to facilitate emotional recovery is widely debated. The current longitudinal study is the first to empirically examine the psychological effects of delivering a VIS in terms of the two most important emotional reactions after crime: anger and anxiety. It extends previous findings by showing that the debate concerning the effectiveness of delivering a VIS is not a ‘black and white’ matter. In this article, we argue that the question should not be whether delivering a VIS ‘works’ or ‘doesn’t work’ for the victim, but for whom, and under which conditions. We show that delivering a VIS does not give rise to direct ‘therapeutic’ effects. However, we found that feelings of anger and anxiety decrease for victims who experience more control over their recovery process and higher levels of procedural justice.
Novel composite right/left-handed transmission line for quad-band applications (2008)

A novel composite right/left-handed transmission line (CRLH-TL) meta-material is proposed with two left-handed (backward) and two right-handed (forward) pass bands. The topology and method of operation of the line are discussed. The parameters of equivalent circuits of the CRLH-TL are extracted at 2.5 GHz and 5 GHz respectively. The dispersion relations are analytically derived using the equivalent circuit and Bloch-Floquet theory. The 5-stage CRLH-TL is fabricated. The measured results are in agreement with those of simulation and theory. A CRLH-TL with four control pass bands would be useful in a number of quad-band applications.
Trinucleotide Insertions, Deletions, and Point Mutations in Glucose Transporters Confer K <sup>+</sup> Uptake in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (1998)

Deletion of TRK1 and TRK2 abolishes high-affinity K+ uptake in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, resulting in the inability to grow on typical synthetic growth medium unless it is supplemented with very high concentrations of potassium. Selection for spontaneous suppressors that restored growth of trk1delta trk2delta cells on K+-limiting medium led to the isolation of cells with unusual gain-of-function mutations in the glucose transporter genes HXT1 and HXT3 and the glucose/galactose transporter gene GAL2. 86Rb uptake assays demonstrated that the suppressor mutations conferred increased uptake of the ion. In addition to K+, the mutant hexose transporters also conferred permeation of other cations, including Na+. Because the selection strategy required such gain of function, mutations that disrupted transporter maturation or localization to the plasma membrane were avoided. Thus, the importance of specific sites in glucose transport could be independently assessed by testing for the ability of the mutant transporter to restore glucose-dependent growth to cells containing null alleles of all of the known functional glucose transporter genes. Twelve sites, most of which are conserved among eukaryotic hexose transporters, were revealed to be essential for glucose transport. Four of these have previously been shown to be essential for glucose transport by animal or plant transporters. Eight represented sites not previously known to be crucial for glucose uptake. Each suppressor mutant harbored a single mutation that altered an amino acid(s) within or immediately adjacent to a putative transmembrane domain of the transporter. Seven of 38 independent suppressor mutations consisted of in-frame insertions or deletions. The nature of the insertions and deletions revealed a striking DNA template dependency: each insertion generated a trinucleotide repeat, and each deletion involved the removal of a repeated nucleotide sequence.
Fermentační příprava ornithinu a citrulinu. (1987)

S kurantami kmene Corynebacteium sp. 9366 dependentnimi na arginin bylo dosaženo v laboratornim měřitku v baňkach po 4denni kultivaci produkci 10 g.l-1 citrulinu a 30 g.l-1 ornithinu. Byl vypracovan postup fermentacni připravy ornithinu, umožňujici dosahnout při aplikaci media s melasou a hydrolyzatem arasidove mouky produkce 30 g.l-1 ornithinu po 60 hodinach kultivace.
The Plasminogen Activator System in Extracellular Matrix Degradation (1992)

Limited proteolytic degradation of the extracellular matrix is an important step in many cell migration processes. The role of the plasminogen activation system in extracellular matrix degradation and cell migration was studied in three different models. Tumor-associated extracellular matrix degradation was studied in a set of human melanoma cell lines, and it was found that urokinase mediated matrix degradation correlates with spontaneous metastasis in nude mice. Secondly, the role of the interaction between urokinase and its receptor in matrix degradation was analyzed in transfected mouse L-cells. It could be demonstrated that the conversion of prourokinase to active urokinase was increased when bound to the cell surface located receptor, leading to an enhanced matrix degradation in the presence of the receptor. Thirdly it was demonstrated that migration and differentiation of myoblasts in vitro can be inhibited by interfering with the binding of urokinase to its receptor.
Deleting Secret Data with Public Verifiability (2015)

Existing software-based data erasure programs can be summarized as following the same one-bit-return protocol: the deletion program performs data erasure and returns either success or failure. However, such a one-bit-return protocol turns the data deletion system into a black box-the user has to trust the outcome but cannot easily verify it. This is especially problematic when the deletion program is encapsulated within a Trusted Platform Module (TPM), and the user has no access to the code inside. In this paper, we present a cryptographic solution that aims to make the data deletion process more transparent and verifiable. In contrast to the conventional black/white assumptions about TPM (i.e., either completely trust or distrust), we introduce a third assumption that sits in between: namely, “trust-but-verify”. Our solution enables a user to verify the correct implementation of two important operations inside a TPM without accessing its source code: i.e., the correct encryption of data and the faithful deletion of the key. Finally, we present a proof-of-concept implementation of the SSE system on a resource-constrained Java card to demonstrate its practical feasibility. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic solution to the secure data deletion problem based on a “trust-but-verify” paradigm, together with a concrete prototype implementation.
Einleitung (1993)

Ausgehend von dem Ziel einer paretoeffizienten Ressourcenallokation lassen sich vor allen Dingen zwei Gründe für die Existenzberechtigung eines Aktienoptionsmarktes anführen: Er könnte sowohl einen Beitrag zur optimalen Risikoallokation als auch zu einer beschleunigten Informationsverarbeitung am Aktienmarkt leisten. Ausgangspunkt dieser Untersuchung soll allein die Rolle des Optionsmarktes in bezug auf die Informationsverarbeitung am Kapitalmarkt sein; seine Bedeutung für eine verbesserte Risikoallokation wird daher nicht mehr weiter verfolgt werden.
Synthesis of N-Substituted Amino-phosphonium Halides by Alkylation Reactions (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of N-Substituted Amino-phosphonium Halides by Alkylation ReactionsHarry H. Sisler and Nathan L. SmithCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1961, 26, 11, 4733–4734Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01069a541https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01069a541research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views95Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Catalytic Asymmetric Addition of Dialkylzinc to 3,4-Dihydroisoquinoline <i>N</i>-Oxides Utilizing Tartaric Acid Ester as a Chiral Auxiliary (2000)

Abstract The catalytic asymmetric addition of dialkylzinc to a carbon-nitrogen double bond in 3,4-dihydroisoquinoline N-oxides was achieved by utilizing a catalytic amount of 2-magnesium 3-zinc salt of dicyclopentyl (R,R)-tartrate to afford (S)-1-alkyl-2-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines. In order to realize higher enantioselectivity, it was crucial to add the nitrones slowly into dialkylzinc in the presence of a catalytic amount of the 2-magnesium 3-zinc salt of (R,R)-tartrate.
<i>N,N</i>′-Bis[(<i>R</i>)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl]-<i>N,N</i>′-bis[(<i>S</i>)-1-phenylethyl]pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide: stabilization of an asymmetric conformer through the formation of a double intramolecular hydrogen bond (2005)

The title compound, C39H39N3O4, although having potential C2 molecular symmetry, crystallizes as an asymmetric conformer, due to a couple of strong intramolecular hydrogen bonds involving hydroxyl groups and a pyridine N atom. This geometrical feature explains why this compound behaves as a poor chiral inductor for asymmetric synthesis.
통합교육을 위한 특수학 급의 재구조화: 한국적 상황과 딜레머 (2001)

우리나라의 경쟁적 학력중심 학교문화 속에서 특수학급 교육은 그 연륜이 쌓여짐에 따라 더욱 심각한 자기 정체성 혼란에 빠지고 있다. 특수교육진흥법에서 “특수학급은 특수교육 요구학생(대상자)에게 통합교육을 실시하기 위해 일반학교에 설치된 학급”으로 규정하고 있으나, 우리네 학교문화에서 특수학급은 분리(격리)된 교육의 장으로 따돌림 당하고 있다. 정책과 법규정의 아름다움에도 불구하고, 현실적으로 우리나라 초·중등학교에 설치된 특수학급은 2원적 분리구조의 틀속에서 운영되고 있음에 그 모순과갈등이 내재해 있다. 그러나 진정 통합교육이 하나된 교육공동체를 건설하기 위한 품위있는 교육적 노력이라면, 단연코 우리는 하나의 과정(過程)으로서 통합교육을 줄기있게 추구해 가야한다. 왜냐하면, 통합교육은 끊임없이 희망하고 노력하는 만큼 현실에서 가능한 실재인반면에, 할 수 없는 것으로 포기하면 여전히 하나의 이상으로 남을 뿐이기 때문이다.
Cycling injuries (1970)

It is not intended to enter into a detailed discussion of the diagnosis and treatment of individual cycling injuries as the injuries that one is likely to see are not the exclusive prerogative of the cycling fraternity.They include practically every known orthopaedic lesion and cover a spectrum of disability ranging from the trivial to the fatal.It is much more important to discuss the various possibilities, in general terms the cause and prevention of cycling injuries.At the outset, it must be emphasised that, to be of any value, medical assistance must be in the right place at the right time and this implies - especially when dealing with road racing -that the medical attendant must know more than a little about the sport in question.
Robust back-propagation: connectionist learning algorithms resistant to various types of noise (1989)

Summary form only given, as follows. The author explores the concept of influence functions and their application in backpropagation learning. One reason for backpropagation's popularity is the fact that it is capable of fitting functions involving high-order interactions. Most real problems not only require detecting nonlinear interactions, but in many cases involve fitting relationships which are contaminated by diverse noise conditions. Typically, backpropagation learning is achieved by minimizing the sum of squared errors. It is well known that least-squares estimators are maximally efficient when the noise is Gaussian but that their performance rapidly deteriorates under non-Gaussian noise. The author's objective is to make backpropagation resistant to various types of noise. This approach uses objective functions which, in other contexts, are known to be more robust than least squares. Simulations show that backpropagation with robust objective functions indeed learns well and generates solutions that are resistant to a wide variety of noise distributions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Mice with homozygous disruption of the mdr2 P-glycoprotein gene. A novel animal model for studies of nonsuppurative inflammatory cholangitis and hepatocarcinogenesis. (1994)

The mouse mdr2 gene (and its human homologue MDR3, also called MDR2) encodes a P-glycoprotein that is present in high concentration in the bile canalicular membrane of hepatocytes. The 129/OlaHsd mice with a homozygous disruption of the mdr2 gene (-/- mice) lack this P-glycoprotein in the canalicular membrane. These mice are unable to secrete phospholipids into bile, showing an essential role for the mdr2 P-glycoprotein in the transport of phosphatidylcholine across the canalicular membrane. The complete absence of phospholipids from bile leads to a hepatic disease, which becomes manifest shortly after birth and shows progression to an end stage in the course of 3 months. The liver pathology is that of a nonsuppurative inflammatory cholangitis with portal inflammation and ductular proliferation, consistent with toxic injury of the biliary system from bile salts unaccompanied by phospholipids. Thus, the mdr2 (-/-) mice can serve as an animal model for studying mechanisms and potential interventions in nonsuppurative inflammatory cholangitis (in a generic sense) in human disease, be it congenital or acquired. When the mice are 4 to 6 months of age, preneoplastic lesions develop in the liver, progressing to metastatic liver cancer in the terminal phase. The mdr2 (-/-) mice therefore also provide a tumor progression model of value for the study of hepatic carcinogenesis. Interestingly, also in this regard, the model mimicks human disease, because chronic inflammation of the biliary system in humans may similarly carry increased cancer risk.
Integrating a key distribution procedure into the digital signature standard (1993)

The DSS (digital signature standard) is suitable only for authenticating data which are also sent in clear. This prevents its direct use in exchanging secret keys (to be used in symmetric encryption systems). An obvious way of overcoming this drawback is integrating a DH (Diffie–Hellman) key distribution procedure with a DSS authentication. A means of integrating the modular exponentiation operations executed in both the DSS and the DH procedures, in a way which provides a compact key distribution procedure, is presented in the Letter.
Ketopantoate hydroxymethyltransferase. II. Physical, catalytic, and regulatory properties. (1976)

<P>Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.</P><p>The <i>Opinions and Lifestyle Survey</i> (formerly known as the ONS Opinions Survey or Omnibus) is an omnibus survey that began in 1990, collecting data on a range of subjects commissioned by both the ONS internally and external clients (limited to&nbsp;other government departments, charities, non-profit organisations and academia).</p><p><p>Data are collected from one individual aged 16&nbsp;or&nbsp;over,&nbsp;selected from each sampled private household. Personal data include data on the individual, their family, address, household, income and education, plus responses and opinions on a variety of subjects within commissioned modules.</p>\n<p>The questionnaire collects timely data for research and policy analysis evaluation on the social impacts of recent topics of national importance, such as the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and the cost of living, on individuals and households in Great Britain.</p>\n<p>From April 2018 to November 2019, the design of the OPN changed from face-to-face to a mixed-mode design (online first with telephone interviewing where necessary). Mixed-mode collection allows respondents to complete the survey more flexibly and provides a more cost-effective service for customers.</p>\n<p>In March 2020, the OPN was adapted to become a weekly survey used to collect data on the social impacts of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on the lives of people of Great Britain. These data are held in the Secure Access study, SN 8635,&nbsp;<em>ONS Opinions and Lifestyle Survey, Covid-19 Module, 2020-2022: Secure Access.&nbsp;</em></p>\n<p>From August 2021, as coronavirus (COVID-19) restrictions were lifting across Great Britain, the OPN moved to fortnightly data collection, sampling around 5,000 households in each survey wave to ensure the survey remains sustainable.</p>\n<p>The OPN has since expanded to include questions on other topics of national importance, such as health and the cost of living. For more information about the survey and its methodology, see the ONS&nbsp;<a title="OPN Quality and Methodology Information" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/healthandlifeexpectancies/methodologies/opinionsandlifestylesurveyqmi">OPN Quality and Methodology Information</a> webpage.</p><p><span style="font-weight: bold;">Secure Access Opinions and Lifestyle Survey data</span></p></p><p>Other Secure Access OPN data cover modules run at various points from 1997-2019, on Census religion (SN 8078), cervical cancer screening (SN 8080), contact after separation (SN 8089), contraception (SN 8095), disability (SNs 8680 and 8096), general lifestyle (SN 8092), illness and activity (SN 8094), and non-resident parental contact (SN 8093). See <a href="https://beta.ukdataservice.ac.uk/datacatalogue/series/series?id=2000043">Opinions and Lifestyle Survey: Secure Access</a> for details.</p>
Design of Continuous-Time System Using Bilinear Transformation (1989)

A pole assignment problem in a specified region is solved using a bilinear transformation method. It is well known that the problem designing discrete-time system or vice versa is called redesign problem, But there is not so much study that is cyclic type of design, i.e. from continuous system to discrete system and from the latter to the former system. In this paper, the cyclic type of design for the continuous-time system is proposed using the bilinear transformation. In the view of a pole assignment method with poles in a specified region, it will be possible to design a regulator or a servo system considering damping ratio, stability degree and band with which are resulted to the characteristics of the closed-loop system.
Insurance Futures and Hedging Insurance Price Risk (1992)

This article discusses the Chicago Board of Trade's proposal to establish a market for futures contracts (and options on futures) written on insurance business. A European call option on an insurance future is equivalent to a stop-loss reinsurance contract on the portfolio of insurance policies underlying the futures contract. Put options correspond to the discounted expected value of retained losses. After a credible experience record is developed, an insurer can determine the correlation of its own portfolio of policies with the market portfolio and use the futures options market as a partial substitute for traditional stop-loss reinsurance. The advantages of such a market are that it provides a tool for hedging business risk, it allows an entity to participate in the market portfolio's profitability without being a licensed insurer, it may have lower transactions costs than traditional reinsurance, and it provides a mechanism for price discovery. But, despite the advantages of an insurance futures market, there are serious barriers to its success, which are discussed briefly.
An Asymmetric Elastic Rod Model for DNA (2009)

In this paper we consider the anharmonic corrections to the anisotropic elastic rod model for DNA. Our model accounts for the difference between the bending energies of positive and negative rolls, which comes from the asymmetric structure of the DNA molecule. We will show that the model can explain the high flexibility of DNA at small length scales, as well as kink formation at high deformation limit.