gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bimodal distribution of vasodilator responsiveness to adenosine due to difference in nitric oxide contribution: implications for exercise hyperemia (2006)

To gain insight into the role of adenosine (Ado) in exercise hyperemia, we compared forearm vasodilation induced by intra-arterial infusion of three doses of Ado with vasodilation during three workloads of forearm handgrip exercise in 27 human subjects. We measured forearm blood flow (FBF) using Doppler ultrasound and mean arterial pressure (MAP) via brachial artery catheters and calculated forearm vascular conductance (FVC = FBF/MAP) during each infusion dose or workload. We found that about half of the subjects demonstrated robust vasodilator responsiveness to both Ado infusion and exercise, and the other half demonstrated blunted vasodilator responsiveness to Ado infusion compared with exercise. In 15 subjects (identified as "Ado responders"), the change in FVC above baseline was 209 +/- 33, 419 +/- 57, and 603 +/- 75 ml.min(-1).100 mmHg(-1) for the low, medium, and high doses of Ado, respectively, and 221 +/- 35, 413 +/- 54, and 582 +/- 70 ml.min(-1).100 mmHg(-1) for the low, medium, and high exercise workloads, respectively. In the other 12 subjects (identified as "Ado nonresponders"), the change in FVC above baseline was 102 +/- 36, 113 +/- 42, and 151 +/- 54 ml.min(-1).100 mmHg(-1) for the low, medium, and high doses of Ado, respectively (P < 0.05 vs. Ado responders), whereas exercise hyperemia was not different from Ado responders (P > 0.05). Furthermore, infusion of NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) blunted vasodilator responses to Ado infusion only in Ado responders (P < 0.01 vs. post-L-NMMA) and had no effect on exercise in either group. We also found differences in vasodilator responses to isoproterenol at all doses, but acetylcholine only at one dose, between Ado responders and nonresponders. We conclude that vasodilator responsiveness to Ado exhibits a bimodal distribution among human subjects involving differences in the contribution of nitric oxide to Ado-mediated vasodilation. Finally, our data support the concept that neither Ado nor nitric oxide is obligatory for exercise hyperemia.
Different Secretory IgA Antibody Responses After Immunization with Inactivated and Live Poliovirus Vaccines (1984)

The influence on secretory IgA antibody levels in milk and saliva of vaccination with oral, live poliovirus vaccine ( OPV ) and inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) was studied. IPV, especially the antigen-rich Dutch vaccine, more often induced increases in antibody titers in milk (50%) than did OPV (26%) (P less than .01). OPV more often decreased the antibody levels in milk (40%) than did IPV (10%) (P less than .01). It was striking that mainly high prevaccination titers were decreased. The increases of IgA antibody in saliva were less striking. IPV caused increases as often in milk as in saliva, whereas OPV more often induced increases in IgA antibody in saliva, but there was a poor correlation between the changes in antibody titers in milk and those in saliva.
Aggregated Combat Models (2000)

These notes have been created over a period of several decades. Contributors 
include Bill Caldwell, Jim Hartman, Sam Parry, Al Washburn, and Mark 
Youngren. They will continue to change as the art of combat modeling keeps 
pace with computer technology and the changing nature of combat itself.||Author note:This document is outdated, but parts of it may still prove useful.
Topic-Based Language Models for Distributed Retrieval (2005)

Effective retrieval in a distributed environment is an important but difficult problem. Lack of effectiveness appears to have two major causes. First, existing collection selection algorithms do not work well on heterogeneous collections. Second, relevant documents are scattered over many collections and searching a few collections misses many relevant documents. We propose a topic-oriented approach to distributed retrieval. With this approach, we structure the document set of a distributed retrieval environment around a set of topics. Retrieval for a query involves first selecting the right topics for the query and then dispatching the search process to collections that contain such topics. The content of a topic is characterized by a language model. In environments where the labeling of documents by topics is unavailable, document clustering is employed for topic identification. Based on these ideas, three methods are proposed to suit different environments. We show that all three methods improve effectiveness of distributed retrieval.
Parametric Simulation of Significant Design and Operating Alternatives Affecting the Fuel Economy and Emissions of Spark-Ignited Engines (1978)

A fundamental thermodynamic model of the complete spark-ignited, homogeneous charge engine cycle has been used in several parametric analyses to predict the effects of engine design and operating alternatives on fuel consumption and emissions of NOx and unburned hydrocarbons (HC). The simulation includes sub-models for wall heat transfer, NOx and HC emissions, and the engine breathing processes. This work demonstrates the power and utility of a comprehensive engine simulation by presenting several independent parametric studies that were carried out in response to genuine engine design and/or operating strategy questions. Included in this compilation are the effects of cycle heat loss, exhaust port heat loss, combustion duration, and charge dilution (exhaust gas recirculation and/or lean air-fuel ratio). In addition, the influence of the design variables associated with bore-stroke ratio, intake and exhaust valve lift, and cam timing are considered. Actual engine data is shown to enhance and lend validity to the analytical results when appropriate.
Reductive, Coenzyme A-Mediated Pathway for 3-Chlorobenzoate Degradation in the Phototrophic Bacterium <i>Rhodopseudomonas palustris</i> (2001)

We isolated a strain of Rhodopseudomonas palustris (RCB100) by selective enrichment in light on 3-chlorobenzoate to investigate the steps that it uses to accomplish anaerobic dechlorination. Analyses of metabolite pools as well as enzyme assays suggest that R. palustris grows on 3-chlorobenzoate by (i) converting it to 3-chlorobenzoyl coenzyme A (3-chlorobenzoyl-CoA), (ii) reductively dehalogenating 3-chlorobenzoyl-CoA to benzoyl-CoA, and (iii) degrading benzoyl-CoA to acetyl-CoA and carbon dioxide. R. palustris uses 3-chlorobenzoate only as a carbon source and thus incorporates the acetyl-CoA that is produced into cell material. The reductive dechlorination route used by R. palustris for 3-chlorobenzoate degradation differs from those previously described in that a CoA thioester, rather than an unmodified aromatic acid, is the substrate for complete dehalogenation.
The Eliminations of 17 Hydroxicorticosteroids and Total Neutral 17 Ketosteroids in Subjects Long-term Occupationally Exposed to Ionizing Radiations (1974)

During the periodical check-up of subjects occupationally exposed to ionizing radiations, we followed up the 24 hr urinary eliminations of hydroxicorticosteroids (17 OH) and total neutral 17 ketosteroids (I7 KS) in 80 subjects long-term exposed in industry, in medical radiology and in uranium mines, in order to assess the adrenal function. The investigation was due to the observation of a high incidence of asthenic syndrome and of hypotension in subjects occupationally exposed to radiations, symptoms suggesting the existence of mild adrenal insufficiency. The mean values of 17 OH eliminations in subjects exposed were significantly lower (P < 0.001) as compared with those of 25 controls. The 17 KS elimination were not significantly decreased. The results are in agreement with the experimental data known, which proved histologic changes, enzymatic troubles and impaired adrenal function after acute irradiation. The ACTH Gel test carried out in 10 subjects showing decreased values, was normal suggesting that the adrenal insufficiency is due to an insufficient ACTH secretion.
Creation of vectorial bottle-hollow beam using radially or azimuthally polarized light (2014)

We propose a single-beam generation scheme to obtain a bottle-hollow (BH) beam using a binary phase mask and a focusing lens. The resulting BH beam is shown to possess an open bottle-shaped null intensity region, which has two hollow tube-shaped null intensity regions located on two opposite sides of this bottle. It is found that this scheme works identically under incident illumination with radial or azimuthal polarization. Another advantage of this scheme is that the same binary mask can be employed as a focusing lens with different choices of numerical aperture (NA). Furthermore, we observe that the length of the BH beam is inversely proportional to NA2 while the diameters of both the bottle and hollow regions are inversely proportional to NA; thereby leading to an adjustable BH beam. This BH beam may find attractive applications in noninvasive manipulation of microscopic particles over large distances.
Theory and simulation of ion transport in nonstationary states against concentration gradients across ion-exchange membranes (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTheory and simulation of ion transport in nonstationary states against concentration gradients across ion-exchange membranesMitsuru Higa and Akira KiraCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1992, 96, 23, 9518–9523Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1992https://doi.org/10.1021/j100202a081Request reuse permissionsArticle Views120Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts
Deficiencies in the Lipoprotein Lipase System in Atherosclerosis (1958)

Journal Article Deficiencies in the Lipoprotein Lipase System in Atherosclerosis Get access Laurence O. Pilgeram, Ph.D. Laurence O. Pilgeram, Ph.D. Stanford UniversityStanford, California Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Gerontology, Volume 13, Issue 1, January 1958, Pages 32–42, https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/13.1.32 Published: 01 January 1958 Article history Accepted: 13 May 1957 Published: 01 January 1958
Experimental study of faecal continence and colostomy irrigation (2000)

Colonic emptying is more efficient with antegrade than retrograde irrigation. PEG and glycine enhance emptying similar to bisacodyl and GTN solution. These findings show promise for improved faecal continence by colostomy irrigation and may justify construction of a Malone conduit at the time of colostomy in selected patients who wish to irrigate. Presented in part to the British Society of Gastroenterology in Glasgow, UK, March 1999, and published in abstract form as Gut 1999; 44(Suppl 1): A135
Real-Time PCR Assay for Detection of Fluoroquinolone Resistance Associated with <i>grlA</i> Mutations in <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (2003)

Resistance to fluoroquinolones among clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus has become a clinical problem. Therefore, a rapid method to identify S. aureus and its susceptibility to fluoroquinolones could provide clinicians with a useful tool for the appropriate use of these antimicrobial agents in the health care settings. In this study, we developed a rapid real-time PCR assay for the detection of S. aureus and mutations at codons Ser-80 and Glu-84 of the grlA gene encoding the DNA topoisomerase IV, which are associated with decreased susceptibility to fluoroquinolones. The detection limit of the assay was 10 genome copies per reaction. The PCR assay was negative with DNA from all 26 non-S. aureus bacterial species tested. A total of 85 S. aureus isolates with various levels of fluoroquinolone resistance was tested with the PCR assay. The PCR assay correctly identified 100% of the S. aureus isolates tested compared to conventional culture methods. The correlation between the MICs of ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and gatifloxacin and the PCR results was 98.8%. The total time required for the identification of S. aureus and determination of its susceptibility to fluoroquinolones was about 45 min, including DNA extraction. This new rapid PCR assay represents a powerful method for the detection of S. aureus and its susceptibility to fluoroquinolones.
Accurate Calculation of Stress Distributions in Multiholed Plates (1965)

This paper discusses the application of the point-matching technique in obtaining the solution of many problems involving multiholed thin plates undergoing generalized plane stress. The stress functions appropriate to plates with symmetric groups of holes are described. A large number of problems solved by a computer program are described and compared with published results. Problems are solved also for which there are no known published results. Two interesting new problems are discussed in detail. The results show the power and flexibility of the technique. The extension of the methods to permit the solution of problems in the deflection of thin, multiholed plates and shallow shells is discussed.
Simulation of contact using a nonlinear damping model (2002)

In this paper, a simple nonlinear contact model is presented for use in computer simulation. The nonlinear model is shown to maintain the computational simplicity of the linear model while addressing many of its deficiencies. One such advantage is that contact forces vary continuously over time. A new phase plane solution for the nonlinear model is obtained which reveals many previously unnoted properties. These include proper variation of the coefficient of restitution with impact velocity over a wide range of impact velocities, independence of model parameters, and lack of tensile (sticking) forces in simple impacts. An example is presented which demonstrates the use of the contact model in simulating the foot-ground interaction during the locomotion cycle of a walking machine.
Abstract 1677: Annexin A2 antibody inhibits the progression of triple-negative and herceptin-resistant breast cancer by blocking epidermal growth factor receptor functions (2015)

Abstract Short Description: Annexin A2 (AnxA2), a calcium-dependent phospholipid binding protein, is abundantly present at the surface of triple-negative and Herceptin-resistant breast cancer cells. Interactions between cell-surface AnxA2 and tyrosine kinase receptors have an important role in the tumour microenvironment and act together to enhance tumour growth. The mechanism supporting this role is still unknown. Methods: Triple-negative (MDA-MB-231) and Herceptin-resistant (JIMT-1) breast cancer cell lines were grown in complete DMEM and DMEM/F12 medium respectively, in a humidified incubator at 37°C with 5% CO2. The membrane function of AnxA2 was blocked by incubating cells with anti-AnxA2 antibodies. Western blotting, immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, 1-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-3,5-diphenylformazan (MTT), flow cytometry, Clonogenic, and wound-healing assays were performed in this study Results: We demonstrate that in triple-negative and Herceptin-resistant breast cancer cells a large amount of AnxA2 is specifically translocated to the outer membrane domain. In addition, AnxA2 interacts with extracellular domain of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) at the cell surface and has an important role in cancer cell proliferation and migration by modulating EGFR functions. Blocking AnxA2 function at the cell surface by anti-AnxA2 antibody suppressed the EGF-induced EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation and internalization by blocking its homodimerization. Furthermore, addition of AnxA2 antibody significantly inhibited the EGFR-dependent PI3K-AKT and Raf-MEK-ERK downstream pathways under both EGF-induced and basal growth conditions, resulting in lower cell proliferation and migration. Conclusions: These studies indicate that association of AnxA2 with EGFR in the membrane domain might play a positive regulatory role in keeping EGFR signaling events in an activated state in triple negative and Herceptin-resistant breast cancer thus making AnxA2 an important therapeutic target. Citation Format: Pankaj Chaudhary, Lee Daniel Gibbs, Jamboor K. Vishwanatha. Annexin A2 antibody inhibits the progression of triple-negative and herceptin-resistant breast cancer by blocking epidermal growth factor receptor functions. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 1677. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-1677
Thrombin Regulation in Children Differs from Adults in the Absence and Presence of Heparin (1994)

The physiologic mechanisms that protect children from thromboembolic complications are not known. We investigated the regulation of thrombin in children because of its central importance to thrombosis. The capacity to generate thrombin in vitro (chromogenic assay) was decreased by 26% in plasmas from children (1-16 yrs; n = 102) compared to adults ([20-45 yrs; n = 20; p < 0.001]). The addition of purified prothrombin to plasmas from children increased thrombin generation to adult values. The capacity of plasmas to inhibit 125I-alpha-thrombin was increased by 21% in children compared to adults (p = 0.020), with significantly more thrombin complexed to alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2M) in children. When DVT occur in children, adult guidelines for heparin therapy are used. At low heparin concentrations (0.1 and 0.2 U/ml), thrombin generation was decreased by 30% in children compared to adults (p < 0.001). At high heparin levels (0.4 U/ml), thrombin generation was negligible in all plasmas. ATIII inhibited over 95% of thrombin in all plasmas in the presence of heparin. In summary, thrombin regulation differs in children from adults and may protect children from thromboembolic complications. When DVT do occur, heparin requirements may differ in children compared to adults.
Abstract MP83: Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: What Happens When Symptoms Remit? (2015)

Introduction: Women with trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are at greater risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD); whether symptom remission is associated with less risk remains unknown. Hypothesis: Women who experience trauma and developed persistent PTSD will have increased risk of CVD, but those whose symptoms remit will not have increased risk. Methods: We examined the association between time-updated trauma exposure, PTSD symptoms, and PTSD symptom remission in relation to incident CVD over a 20-year period in 36,958 healthy women in the Nurses’ Health Study II. We used proportional hazards models to estimate hazards ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CVD events confirmed by additional information or medical record review (n=402; 202 myocardial infarctions and 200 strokes). Trauma exposure was assessed using the Brief Trauma Questionnaire. PTSD symptoms were assessed using Breslau’s PTSD screen; report of 4 or more (out of 7) symptoms was characterized as clinically-rele...
Introduction of Plasmid <scp>DNA</scp> into Cells (1997)

Transformation of E. coli can be achieved using any of the four protocols in this unit. The first method using calcium chloride gives good transformation efficiencies, is simple to complete, requires no special equipment, and allows storage of competent cells. The alternate one-step method is considerably faster and also gives good transformation efficiencies (although they are somewhat lower). If considerably higher transformation efficiencies are needed, the third method using electroporation is simple, fast, and reliable. As in the calcium chloride protocol, prepared cells can be stored. The final method described is an adaptation of the electroporation protocol that allows direct transfer of vector DNA from yeast into E. coli.
Comparison of frequency-based techniques for assessment of baroreceptor sensitivity and heart rate variability (2017)

Heart rate variability (HRV) and baroreceptor sensitivity (BRS) quantify autonomic variability in heart pacing and the autonomic response to blood pressure changes respectively. By necessity, the signals used to calculate HRV and BRS (systolic blood pressure (SBP) and RR interval) have one data point every cardiac cycle. Due to inherent variability in heart rate, these are non-uniformly sampled data. A number of calculation methods exist that adjust for non-uniform sampled signals. This study compared frequency domain methods of HRV and BRS calculation to ascertain whether more complex methods resulted in different results to simpler methods. Wistar rats (n=10), and rats with induced diabetes (n=8) were anesthetized and SBP and RR interval measured for a period of approximately 5 minutes. This data were analyzed using the sequence technique (for BRS), fast Fourier transform (FFT), non-uniform discrete Fourier transform (NDFT) and an extended Lomb-Scargle Periodogram (LSP). There were small but significant differences in NDFT from LSP technique for both BRS in the low frequency range (p=0.005) and HRV in the high frequency range (p=0.001). The NDFT technique was also significantly different to FFT technique for BRS in the low frequency range (p=0.023). All other methods were not statistically different. However, all techniques showed the same results comparing diabetic to control rats. This study shows more complex methods that correct for the non-uniformity of the sampling have significant differences but those differences are small to the point of not altering findings associated with HRV or BRS.
NASA Evaluation of Type II Chemical Depositions (1993)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Recent findings from NASA Langley tests to define effects of aircraft Type II chemical deicer depositions on aircraft tire friction performance are summarized. The Aircraft Landing Dynamics Facility (ALDF) is described together with the scope of the tire cornering and braking friction tests conducted up to 160 knots ground speed. Some lower speed 32-96 km/hr (20-60 mph) test run data obtained using an Instrumented Tire Test Vehicle (ITTV) to determine effects of tire bearing pressure and transverse grooving on cornering friction performance are also discussed. Recommendations are made concerning which parameters should be evaluated in future testing.</div>