gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In‐line coupling of low‐pressure short capillary electrochromatography columns to electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (2001)

A new in-house designed and constructed injection valve for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) based on a rotating injection part with compartments for the eluent as well as for the sample has been coupled to a mass spectrometer via a sheath flow electrospray ionisation (ESI) interface, using short capillary columns of 15 cm length. The CEC columns were packed with 3 microm C(18) bonded silica particles, and a mixture of peptides was analysed using an ammonium acetate/acetonitrile eluent. A significant increase in the signal-to-noise ratio was obtained when the peptides were dissolved in water with the same content of organic modifier as in the eluent with an addition of 0.5% (v/v) acetic acid. When the CEC analysis was performed without any additional pressure, the separation current sometimes dropped tremendously due to bubble formation, caused by different permeability in the first and packed part of the column causing an extremely low electroosmotic flow. The separation current was restored to its original value by applying only 7 bar at the inlet of the CEC column, and the separation performance for the test peptides was recovered. A comparison of the CEC performance of peptides in pure CEC mode and in low-pressure CEC mode is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Properties and High‐Pressure Behavior of a Ternary Lead Oxide Pb<sub>2</sub>MnO<sub>4</sub>. (2011)

Abstract Pb 2 MnO 4 and Sr‐doped Pb 2 MnO 4 powders are synthesized by a polyesterification reaction based on the Pechini process using metal nitrates, citric acid, and ethylene glycol as starting materials.
Transient changes in nucleus accumbens amino acid concentrations correlate with individual responsivity to the predator fox odor 2,5‐dihydro‐2,4,5‐trimethylthiazoline (2005)

Predator odors elicit fear and defensive behavioral responses in rats, but a wide range of individual responsivity exists. The aim of this study was to examine whether individual differences in behavioral responsivity correlate with differences in amino acid neurotransmission to a predator fox odor, 2,5-dihydro-2,4,5-trimethylthiazoline (TMT). We investigated the time course of behaviorally evoked amino acid neurotransmitter changes in the nucleus accumbens using on-line microdialysis coupled to capillary electrophoresis with 14-s temporal resolution. One subset of animals (high responders) showed a large, biphasic increase in amino acids, such as glutamate and GABA, which lasted about 3 min. These neurochemical changes were highly correlated with increases in locomotion and burrowing, but lagged behind the behavioral changes by 2 min. A second subset of rats (low responders) showed neither behavioral activation nor changes in amino acid neurotransmission. As a positive control, rats were subjected to tail pinch, which evoked transient changes in amino acids in all animals. Cocaine (2 mg/kg, i.v.) increased locomotion but not amino acid levels. This work demonstrates that rapid and transient increases in amino acid neurotransmitters correlate with behavioral reactivity to salient stimuli.
Event-by-Event Random and Scatter Estimator Based on Support Vector Machine Using Multi-Anode Outputs (2006)

In PET, the incident angle of gamma rays is estimated from coincidence information, but coincidence events are contaminated with random and scatter components. The mean contribution to the image from these components can be measured or estimated, but the noise resulting from the statistical variations in the detected events still remains and decreases noise equivalent count rates (NECR). Theoretically, incident angle to detectors or other related information can be used to discriminate random and scatter events from true events for increasing the NECR. This information can be delineated from spatial distributions of deposited energies on multi-anode photo multiplier tubes (PMTs), which arise from inter-crystal scattering and vary with the coincidence event type (true or random/scatter). In this work, a novel method for random and scatter subtraction has been developed using the support vector machine (SVM), a recently developed and widely used statistical pattern recognition scheme. SVM input data is a pair of spatial distributions of 256 outputs of multi-anode PMTs from coincidence detectors. The SVM is trained by coincidence events generated from a detector simulator using Monte Carlo calculation. True and random coincidence events are simulated and the results show that the proposed method is applicable for event-by-event estimation of random coincidence.
Professional crop scientists in the private sector (1980)

The role of crop scientists in the private sector has changed drastically in the last 40 years. Before, most were field or laboratory scientists but now, many crop scientists have added responsibility as department or section heads, farm managers, and administrators. Fortunately, for the most part, the professional crop scientists in the private sector have maintained a close working relationship with the public sector. The role of the professional crop scientist in the private sector not only encompasses the specialty but administrator roles as well. Additional index words: Professionalism, Public Sector.
High Pressure Treatment of Organic Wastes (1993)

High pressure treatment of organic materials was introduced several years ago by Japanese researchers as a means to preserve food. Application potentials are also envisaged in the field of waste treatment. Hygienization effects, for instance, are achieved, when microbially contaminated samples are placed into an isostatic press and exposed, at room temperature, to a pressure of 4,000 bars and above. Deformation of the biopolymers under those extreme pressure conditions leads to effects such as coagulation, denaturation of proteins, crystallisation and/or gelatinization (Heremans 1992). As a result the microorganisms lose viability within a few minutes.
Arc pressure effect on the population of the Hg 63<i>P</i> levels (1989)

Three mercury arcs at pressures 1.9, 2.9, and 5.2 bar have been studied spectroscopically. The determination of the population densities and of the deviations from Boltzmann’s law in the Hg 63P2,1,0 levels as a function of the arc pressure has been done from the ratio of the self-reversal to the line center minimum intensities, and the distance between the two side maxima of the optically thick 546.1, 435.8, and 404.7-nm lines, and the total intensity of the optically thin 577-nm line. The arcs were operated on ac (50 Hz) and the measurements have been made at 0.5 and 5 ms after the voltage-zero crossing. The analysis of the optically thick lines was based on a simplified model for the line self-absorption which is independent of the local thermodynamic equilibrium assumption. An attempt was also made to interpret qualitatively the obtained experimental results.
Oxidative stress controls the choice of alternative last exons via a Brahma–BRCA1–CstF pathway (2016)

Alternative splicing of terminal exons increases transcript and protein diversity. How physiological and pathological stimuli regulate the choice between alternative terminal exons is, however, largely unknown. Here, we show that Brahma (BRM), the ATPase subunit of the hSWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex interacts with BRCA1/BARD1, which ubiquitinates the 50 kDa subunit of the 3' end processing factor CstF. This results in the inhibition of transcript cleavage at the proximal poly(A) site and a shift towards inclusion of the distal terminal exon. Upon oxidative stress, BRM is depleted, cleavage inhibition is released, and inclusion of the proximal last exon is favoored. Our findings elucidate a novel regulatory mechanism, distinct from the modulation of transcription elongation by BRM that controls alternative splicing of internal exons.
ChemInform Abstract: DETECTION AND TRAPPING OF A CHEMILUMINESCENT O‐XYLYLENE PEROXIDE. CHEMICAL LIGHT FORMATION ALONG TWO SEPARATE PATHS (1978)

Abstract Die Thermolyse des Endoperoxids (III) führt zum Peroxid (IV); in Gegenwart von überschüssigem Maleinanhydrid (II) in Benzol läßt sich das Diels‐Alder‐Addukt (I) isolieren.
Feasibility of 39-potassium MR imaging of a human brain at 9.4 Tesla (2013)

Potassium MR images may offer complementary information to that of sodium MR images by sampling the intracellular rather that interstitial environment. Quantification will require additional improvement in signal-to-noise ratio to produce clinically useful bioscales as are developing for sodium MR imaging.
Repair of Large Articular Osteochondral Defects Using Hybrid Scaffolds and Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Rabbit Model (2006)

In order to evaluate the repair potential in large osteochondral defects on high load-bearing sites, a hybrid scaffold system was made of three-dimensional porous Polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold for the cartilage and tricalcium phosphate-reinforced PCL for the bone portion. Osteochondral defects of 4-mm diameter x 5.5-mm depth were created in the medial femoral condyle of adult New Zealand White rabbits. The defects were treated with hybrid scaffolds without cells (control group) or seeded with allogenic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) in each part (experimental group) by press-fit implantation. Implanted cells were tracked using Adeno-LacZ labeling. Repair tissues were evaluated at 3 and 6 months after implantation. Overall, the experimental group showed superior repair results as compared to the control group using gross examination, qualitative and quantitative histology, and biomechanical assessment. With BMSC implantation, the hybrid scaffolds provided sufficient support to new osteochondral tissues formation. The bone regeneration was consistently good from 3 to 6 months with firm integration to the host tissue. Cartilage layer resurfacing was more complicated. All of the samples showed cartilage tissues mixed with PCL scaffold filaments at 3 months. Histology at 6 months revealed some degradation phenomenon in several samples whereas others had a good appearance; however, the Young's moduli from the experimental group (0.72 MPa) approached that of normal cartilage (0.81 MPa). In vivo viability of implanted cells was demonstrated by the retention for 6 weeks in the scaffolds. This investigation showed that PCL-based hybrid scaffolds with BMSC may be an alternative treatment for large osteochondral defects in high-loading sites.
Polyethylene glycol-doped BiZn<sub>2</sub>VO<sub>6</sub>as a high-efficiency solar-light-activated photocatalyst with substantial durability toward photodegradation of organic contaminations (2018)

In this study, we focus on a simple, low-priced, and mild condition hydrothermal route to construct BiZn<sub>2</sub>VO<sub>6</sub> nanocompounds (NCs) as a novel photocatalyst with strong solar light absorption ability for environmental purification using solar energy. NCs were further doped with polyethylene glycol (PEG) to improve their photocatalytic efficiency for photodegradation processes through inhibition of fast charge carrier recombination rates and higher charge separation efficiency. Surface morphology, phase structure, optical characteristics, and band structure of the as-prepared samples were analyzed using XRD, EDX, XPS, SEM, UV-vis spectroscopy, CL, and BET techniques. PEG-doped BiZn<sub>2</sub>VO<sub>6</sub> NCs were applied as effective materials to degrade various kinds of organic pollutants including cationic and anionic types, and these NCs exhibited excellent photocatalytic efficiency as compared to traditional photocatalysts. In particular, the PEG-doped BiZn<sub>2</sub>VO<sub>6</sub> (0.10% w/v) photocatalyst exhibited highly enhanced photocatalytic performance with improvements of about 46.4, 28.3, and 7.23 folds compared with PEG-doped ZnO nanorods (NRs), pristine BiVO<sub>4</sub>, and BiZn<sub>2</sub>VO<sub>6</sub> samples, respectively, for the decomposition of congo red (CR) dye. After 40 minutes of sunlight irradiation, 97.4% of CR was decomposed. In this study, scavenging experiments indicated that both hydroxyl radicals and holes play dominant roles in CR photodegradation under simulated solar light irradiation. Meanwhile, the optimal photocatalyst demonstrated good reproducibility and stability for successive cycles of photocatalysis.
Imiquimod (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Extension of the 3-D range migration algorithm to cylindrical and spherical scanning geometries (2001)

A near field three-dimensional (3-D) synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) algorithm specially tailored for cylindrical and spherical scanning geometries is presented. An imaging system with 3-D capability can be implemented by using a stepped-frequency radar which synthesizes a two-dimensional (2-D) aperture. Typical scanning geometries commonly used are planar, cylindrical, and spherical. The 3-D range migration algorithm (RMA) can be readily used with a planar scanning geometry. This algorithm is extremely accurate, preserves the phase, and corrects for the wavefront curvature. The RMA cannot be directly applied with nonplanar scanning geometries. However, as an alternative solution, we propose to backpropagate the backscattered data onto a planar aperture in the vicinity of the measurement aperture and then apply the 3-D RMA. The proposed imaging algorithm is validated both numerically and experimentally.
Cutting Edge: Cooperation of IPS-1- and TRIF-Dependent Pathways in Poly IC-Enhanced Antibody Production and Cytotoxic T Cell Responses (2008)

Double-stranded RNA, polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid (poly IC), acts as an adjuvant that enhances adaptive immune responses. The recognition of poly IC is mediated by endosomal TLR3 and cytoplasmic RNA helicase melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (Mda5), which signal through the adaptors Toll/IL-1R domain-containing adaptor inducing IFN-beta (TRIF) and IFN-beta promoter stimulator-1 (IPS-1), respectively. However, the contribution of these pathways to the adjuvant effects of poly IC remains unclear. In this study, we found that poly IC-enhanced, Ag-specific Ab production was severely decreased in IPS-1-deficient mice but not in TRIF-deficient mice. However, the double deficiency resulted in a complete loss of Ab production. Furthermore, Ag-specific CD8+ T cell expansion was reduced in both IPS-1-deficient and TRIF-deficient mice and entirely abrogated in the doubly deficient mice. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the adjuvant effects of poly IC require a cooperative activation of TLR and cytoplasmic RNA helicase pathways.
Towards a Holistic Prediction of Fan Stage Tone Noise Mechanisms (2017)

A computed prediction of the tonal noise generated in the fan stage of an aero-engine is presented. This paper focuses in particular on unsteady fan stage aerodynamics, which leads to the generation of noise. It is further shown that there are a variety of sources of tonal noise and that, for a more complete analysis of the fan stage tonal noise balance that is due to rotor and stator interaction, these sources should be evaluated simultaneously. The computational model has been validated against steady state aerodynamic measure-ments and measured sound pressure levels. Some acoustic theory is also presented to explain the in-duct radiation behaviour of fan stage tonal noise towards the external envi-ronment.
Mössbauer effect and X-ray diffraction investigation of Si–Fe thin films (2006)

Abstract An X-ray diffraction and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy investigation of Si100– x Fe x (0 < x < 80) thin films prepared by combinatorial sputtering methods is reported. Resulting Mössbauer spectra were fit to Voigt-based distributions of quadrupole doublets for paramagnetic spectral components and Zeeman split sextets for ferromagnetic spectral components. In conjunction with the X-ray measurements, these results show that the Si-rich films are a mixture of dilute Fe in amorphous Si and an approximately equiatomic amorphous SiFe phase. Fe-rich films show the presence of a ferromagnetically ordered phase. For x < 73, this ferromagnetic phase is amorphous or nanostructured and for x ≥ 73, the phase is shown to be a crystalline bcc phase. Results are discussed in terms of short-range structural ordering in these alloys. Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, the NSERC/3M Canada Company Industrial Research Chair program in Materials for Advanced Batteries and the Killam Trusts. The authors also acknowledge the support of the Canada Foundation for Innovation, the Atlantic Innovation Fund, and other partners that fund the Facilities for Materials Characterization, managed by the Institute for Research in Materials. MDF acknowledges NSERC and the I. W. Killam and W. C. Sumner Foundations for scholarship support.
Canadian Thoracic Society Recommendations for Management of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease – 2007 Update (2007)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major respiratory illness in Canada that is both preventable and treatable. Our understanding of the pathophysiology of this complex condition continues to grow and our ability to offer effective treatment to those who suffer from it has improved considerably. The purpose of the present educational initiative of the Canadian Thoracic Society (CTS) is to provide up to date information on new developments in the field so that patients with this condition will receive optimal care that is firmly based on scientific evidence. Since the previous CTS management recommendations were published in 2003, a wealth of new scientific information has become available. The implications of this new knowledge with respect to optimal clinical care have been carefully considered by the CTS Panel and the conclusions are presented in the current document. Highlights of this update include new epidemiological information on mortality and prevalence of COPD, which charts its emergence as a major health problem for women; a new section on common comorbidities in COPD; an increased emphasis on the meaningful benefits of combined pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapies; and a new discussion on the prevention of acute exacerbations. A revised stratification system for severity of airway obstruction is proposed, together with other suggestions on how best to clinically evaluate individual patients with this complex disease. The results of the largest randomized clinical trial ever undertaken in COPD have recently been published, enabling the Panel to make evidence-based recommendations on the role of modern pharmacotherapy. The Panel hopes that these new practice guidelines, which reflect a rigorous analysis of the recent literature, will assist caregivers in the diagnosis and management of this common condition.
Avaliação de eficácia do Programa de Controle da Doença de Chagas: aspectos metodológicos (1994)

A eficácia do Programa de Controle da Doença de Chagas (PCDCh) foi estimada em um estudo conduzido no Estado de Minas Gerais. Áreas com diferentes tempos de intervenção (cinco e 10 anos) e sem intervenção (controle) foram comparadas para verificar possível redução na incidência da infecção pelo Trypanosoma cruzi nos habitantes nascidos após a implantação do PCDCh. A eficácia do PCDCh foi estimada pela comparação dos resultados da infecção pelo T. cruzi, com resultados obtidos pelo Inquérito Sorológico Nacional (1975-1980), realizado antes do início do Programa. A comparação seccional para a faixa etária de 2-6 anos indicou redução nos índices de infecção de 94,7% (área de 10 anos), 63,2% (área de cinco anos) e 65,2% (área sem intervenção). Entretanto, a análise de coorte, para as faixa etárias de 2-6 anos e 7-14 anos, mostrou que a redução observada (52,6%) ocorreu somente na área com 10 anos de intervenção. A análise dos dados sobre triatomíneos coletados na rotina do PCDCh estabeleceu correlação com a redução de infecção pelo T. cruzi, observada na área com intervenção. Os resultados encontrados mostraram associação entre as ações do PCDCh e a redução da infecção pelo T. cruzi, estimada por testes sorológicos.
Detection of the extent of the laser damaged gettering effect using nondestructive surface acoustic wave technique (1982)

Nondestructive evaluation of the minority carrier lifetime is performed using the Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) technique. Samples under study are commercially used silicon wafers with the Laser Induced Damage (LID) covering half of the back of each wafer. Minority carrier lifetime which is a measure of the defect concentration on the device side is measured at the damaged (gettered) and undamaged regions of each wafer using SAW technique. The comparison of the results shows about 2 fold increase in the lifetime in the gettered area. The bulk generation lifetime measured by Capacitance-Time (C-T) technique does not show this increase. The reason is attributed to the decrease in the surface generation velocity above the damaged area. The SAW measurement does not require any MOS fabrication and can be performed nondestructively after each thermal cycle.