gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Erythropoiesis failure due to RPS19 deficiency is independent of an activated Tp53 response in a zebrafish model of Diamond–Blackfan anaemia (2011)

Diamond-Blackfan anaemia (DBA) is a cancer-prone genetic disorder characterized by pure red-cell aplasia and associated physical deformities. The ribosomal protein S19 gene (RPS19) is the most frequently mutated gene in DBA (~25%). TP53-mediated cell cycle arrest and/or apoptosis in erythroid cells have been suggested to be major factors for DBA development, but it is not clear why mutations in the ubiquitously expressed RPS19 gene specifically affect erythropoiesis. Previously, we showed that RPS19 deficiency in zebrafish recapitulates the erythropoietic and developmental phenotypes of DBA, including defective erythropoiesis with severe anaemia. In this study, we analysed the simultaneous loss-of-function of RPS19 and Tp53 in zebrafish to investigate the role of Tp53 in the erythroid and morphological defects associated with RPS19 deficiency. Co-inhibition of Tp53 activity rescued the morphological abnormalities, but did not alleviate erythroid aplasia in RPS19-deficient zebrafish. In addition, knockdown of two other RP genes, rps3a and rpl36a, which result in severe morphological abnormalities but only mild erythroid defects, also elicited an activated Tp53 response. These results suggest that a Tp53-independent but RPS19-dependent pathway could be responsible for defective erythropoiesis in RPS19-deficient zebrafish.
Diabetes Mellitus: Induction in Mice by Encephalomyocarditis Virus (1968)

Hyperglycemia and lesions of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans developed in some, but not all, adult mice infected with a variant of the encephalomyocarditis virus. Large amounts of virus were recovered from the pancreas during acute stages of infection. At this time blood glucose concentrations were markedly elevated and the islets of Langerhans exhibited focal necrosis and degranulation of beta cells. Evidence of abnormal glucose metabolism persisted for varying periods after recovery from the infection. The islets of Langerhans of chronically hyperglycemic mice were distorted and decreased in size, and the beta cells were degranulated. Encephalomyocarditis virus appears to cause diabetes mellitus by reducing the mass of functional beta cells of the islets of Langerhans.
Impurity doping in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>SiO</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>: Formation energies and defect levels from first-principles calculations (2010)

Substitutional doping properties of silicon dioxide are investigated systematically with ab initio calculations. The dopants include a range of elements from group-III, group-V, and group-VII. We find that ${\text{SiO}}_{2}$ has a relatively symmetric doping profile in terms of its ionization energies, i.e., relatively shallow acceptor levels and donor levels are both predicted, despite its wide experimental band gap of 9.65 eV. The best candidates for $p$-type and $n$-type doping are ${\text{Al}}_{\text{Si}}$ and ${\text{P}}_{\text{Si}}$ with calculated ionization energy of 0.86 eV and 0.74 eV, respectively, both being less than 10% of the total band gap. Larger doping asymmetry exists in terms of the impurity formation energy: under optimum (O-rich) growth conditions, the shallowest acceptor, ${\text{Al}}_{\text{Si}}$, and donor, ${\text{P}}_{\text{Si}}$, have formation energies of 1.75 eV and 3.05 eV, respectively. These results provide theoretical insights on how to make this previously considered absolute insulator work as a wide-gap semiconductor at elevated temperatures.
Text Localization in Natural Images Using Stroke Feature Transform and Text Covariance Descriptors (2013)

In this paper, we present a new approach for text localization in natural images, by discriminating text and non-text regions at three levels: pixel, component and text line levels. Firstly, a powerful low-level filter called the Stroke Feature Transform (SFT) is proposed, which extends the widely-used Stroke Width Transform (SWT) by incorporating color cues of text pixels, leading to significantly enhanced performance on inter-component separation and intra-component connection. Secondly, based on the output of SFT, we apply two classifiers, a text component classifier and a text-line classifier, sequentially to extract text regions, eliminating the heuristic procedures that are commonly used in previous approaches. The two classifiers are built upon two novel Text Covariance Descriptors (TCDs) that encode both the heuristic properties and the statistical characteristics of text stokes. Finally, text regions are located by simply thresholding the text-line confident map. Our method was evaluated on two benchmark datasets: ICDAR 2005 and ICDAR 2011, and the corresponding F-measure values are 0.72 and 0.73, respectively, surpassing previous methods in accuracy by a large margin.
Learning about digital signal processing using spreadsheets and simulation software (1996)

The ready availability of low-cost high-speed digital signal processor chips has resulted in their widespread use in many areas of industrial and consumer electronics for processes such as filtering, coding, estimation and spectral analysis. This article explores the opportunities of learning about digital signal processing (DSP) using a spreadsheet and a specialized simulation software package, developed by Texas Instruments for their TMS320C25 processor, that mimics the device in terms of its functional capabilities. A finite impulse response (FIR) digital filter is used as a typical example to demonstrate the ideas presented. Application programs can thus be entirely tested in a software environment before being used on a real-time target system.
Manipulation of indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase; a novel therapeutic target for treatment of diseases (2009)

The sources of information used to prepare the paper are published work on Pubmed/Medline. In this review, we examine the therapeutic role of modulating IDO activity a variety of disease states including tumour tolerance, chronic infection, transplant rejection, autoimmunity and asthma. We propose that IDO represents a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of these diseases. We also explore the diverse strategies which are being employed, either to augment or to inhibit IDO activity in order to modify various disease processes. The limitations associated with these strategies are also scrutinized.
Mitigation of Inter-Cell Interference in Flash Memory With Capacity-Approaching Variable-Length Constrained Sequence Codes (2016)

We propose using variable-length constrained sequence codes to mitigate inter-cell interference (ICI) in all-bit-line flash memory with multi-page programming for single-level cell, multi-level cell, and triple-level cell flash memory structures. We outline constraints that mitigate ICI in these systems based on an observation of the Gray mapping of data symbols, and we derive the capacity of each constraint. Based on a finite state machine representation of each constraint, we construct variable-length constrained sequence codes with code rates very close to capacity to mitigate ICI in these flash memories. We then exploit the inherent error control capability of the proposed constrained sequence codes to alleviate error propagation. Finally, we integrate these codes with error control codes and present simulation results that demonstrate the enhanced bit error rate performance that can be achieved.
Cloning and expression of human 5-HT4S receptors. Effect of receptor density on their coupling to adenylyl cyclase (1997)

We have isolated a cDNA encoding the 5-HT4S receptor by RT-PCR on poly (A)+ RNA from both human heart and brain. The sequence homology with the rat and mouse 5-HT4 receptors was high: 93.8% of identity in the amino acid sequence. None of the 24 amino acid substitutions observed between rat and human receptors are at positions likely to modify their pharmacology. Comparing the pharmacological properties of six agonists and five antagonists on rat and human 5-HT4S receptors revealed no significant differences. We have analyzed the behavior of renzapride, a full and a partial agonist on mouse colliculi neurons and human heart biological responses respectively. The coupling efficiency of renzapride was two-fold lower than that of 5-HT for the stimulation of 5-HT4S receptors transfected in two different cell lines (LLC-PK1 and COS-7), but increasing the receptor density suppressed the partial agonist effect of renzapride.
PHOTO-ELECTRIC OBSERVATION OF OCCULTATION OF SAO 158687 BY URANIAN RING AND DETECTION OF URANIAN RING SIGNALS FROM LIGHT-CURVE (1978)

A star SAO 158687 occulted by Uranus, a rare event, was observed photoelectrically in Peking. The light curve of Uranian main ring (e-ring) occulting the star and the optical thickness of the e-ring are presented. The signals of Uranian ring α, β, γ, and δ are detected from noise by statistical methods, including the time series test and waveform correlation test. In addition, we have also obtained three signals λ, μ, and ν, the first two probably corresponding to the sixth ring situated inside a ring, and the signal ν between β and γ to a portion of some broken ring or some other oceulting matter.
Gram Scale-up Synthesis of all-(<i>Z</i>)-Cyclododecatetraene: A Comparison between Intramolecular Wittig and Ring Closing Metathesis Approaches (2001)

A total synthesis of all-(Z)-cyclododeca-1,4,7,10-tetraene was achieved in 28% overall yield using an intramolecular Wittig reaction as key step while an approach based on ring closing metathesis was found ineffective.
Lao People's Democratic Republic - Mekong Integrated Water Resources Management Project : restructuring (2018)

The development objective of the Mekong Integrated Water Resources Management Project for Lao People's Democratic Republic is to establish key examples of integrated water resources management practices in the lower Mekong Basin at the regional, national, and subnational levels, thus contributing to more sustainable river basin management in the lower Mekong. The restructuring involves only a no-cost project extension for component 1 only from March 31, 2018 to December 31, 2019, to allow time for completion of project activities.
Drug transporters as targets for cancer chemotherapy. (2007)

Transporter proteins play an important role in taking up nutrients into and effluxing xenobiotics out of cells to sustain cell survival. Transporters that affect drug absorption, distribution and excretion are the so-called drug transporters. In the last decade, a number of studies revealed interactions between drug transporters and clinically important anticancer agents. Utilizing the knowledge of transporter functions offers us the possibility of delivering a drug to the target tissues, avoiding distribution to other tissues and improving oral bioavailability. Many transporters have been reported to be differentially up-regulated in cancer cells compared to normal tissues, suggesting that the differential expression of transporters in cancer cells may provide good targets for enhancing drug delivery as well as diagnostic markers for cancer therapy. This review will focus on the role of drug transporters in the adaptation and growth of tumors and in their potential usefulness as therapeutic targets in cancer.
Wheat varietal surveys, North Dakota-1949. (1950)

This article presents wheat varietal surveys in North Dakota in 1949. This survey used the preliminary seeded wheat acreage
estimates of the Crop Reporting Board, Bureau of Agricultural
Economics to supply it's figures. The 1949 survey was the seventh of these surveys.
Flexible and efficient routing based on progressive deadlock recovery (1999)

The development of fully adaptive, cut-through (wormhole) networks is important for achieving high performance in communication-critical parallel processor systems. Increased flexibility in routing allows network bandwidth to be used efficiently, but also creates more opportunity for cyclic resource dependencies to form which can cause deadlock. If not guarded against, deadlocks in routing make packets block in the network indefinitely and, eventually, could result in the entire network coming to a complete standstill. The paper presents a simple, flexible, and efficient routing approach for multicomputer interconnection networks which is based on progressive deadlock recovery as proposed to deadlock avoidance or regressive deadlock recovery. Performance is optimized by allowing the maximum routing freedom provided by network resources to be exploited. True fully adaptive routing is supported in which all physical and virtual channels at each node in the network are available to packets without regard for deadlocks. Deadlock cycles, upon forming, are efficiently broken in finite time by progressively routing one of the blocked packets through a connected, deadlock-free recovery path. This routing approach enables the design of high-throughput networks that provide excellent performance. Simulations indicate that progressive deadlock recovery routing can improve throughput by as much as 45 percent and 25 percent over leading deadlock avoidance-based and regressive recovery-based routing schemes, respectively.
Manual of Medical Therapeutics (1993)

Manual of medical therapeutics , Manual of medical therapeutics , کتابخانه دیجیتال جندی شاپور اهواز
Red blood cell fatty acid ethyl esters: a significant component of fatty acid ethyl esters in the blood (2003)

Although alcohol abuse is known to cause an array of ethanol-induced red blood cell (RBC) abnormalities, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs) are toxic, nonoxidative ethanol metabolites that have been found in blood, plasma, and tissues. Because FAEEs have been shown to be incorporated into phospholipid bilayers, we conducted a controlled ethanol intake study to test the hypothesis that FAEEs accumulate and persist within RBCs following ethanol ingestion. We demonstrated that RBC FAEEs account for approximately 5% to 20% of total whole-blood FAEEs, and that the fatty acid composition of FAEEs in RBCs and plasma are different and vary differently over time. These data indicate that a significant percentage of FAEEs in the blood is associated with RBCs and that the metabolism of RBC FAEEs and that of plasma FAEEs (bound to albumin or lipoproteins) are largely independent.
Agrarian Heritage in Vega de Granada: the river Dlar irrigation systems (2014)

Las aguas del río Dílar han conformado un sistema de regadío propio dentro de la comarca de la Vega de Granada. Este sistema hidraúlico ha tenido un uso continuo desde el momento de su diseño inicial, en época andalusí, hasta la actualidad, siendo muchos los aspectos originales que aún pueden identificarse en él. Este artículo pretende profundizar en los valores culturales y en la estructura territorial de estos espacios irrigados, así como valorar su situación actual, ya que para la gestión de los regadíos históricos se hacen necesarios estudios de detalle que faciliten la comprensión de su organización en el territorio.
Solid phase organic reactions and analytical techniques (1998)

The latest advances in solid phase organic reactions and its analytical techniques were reviewed in this paper. The solid phase organic reactions included substitution, condensation, cycloaddition and oxidation - reduction, and the analytical strategies included FTIR and MAS NMR methods, which were used to monitor solid phase reactions and determine the structures of resin - bound compounds.
Spectrophotometric Studies of Cobalt(II) and Copper(II) Chelates of 2‐Picolylamine (1974)

Abstract Cobalt (II) and copper (II) chelates of 2‐picolylamine have been studied spectrophotometrically in aqueous solution. Formation of 2‐picolylamine chelates was p H dependent, and the optimum p H range of the cobalt (II) chelate was at p H 8.8‐9.6, and copper(II) chelate at 4.7‐6.8, respectively. The mole ratio of 2‐picolylamine to both of metal(II) ions was found to be 2 to 1 stoichiometry. The spectrophotometric sensitivities are 0.23γ of Co/Cm 2 and 8.9γ of Cu/Cm 3 , at 373 m μ, p H 9.0 for Co(II) chelate and 588 m μ, p H 6.0 for Cu (II) chelate. The stability constants (log K ) of the chelates CoL 2 2+ and CuL 2 2+ have been evaluated at a constant ionic strength of 0.10 at 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40° C . Enthalpy and entropy changes characterizing the formation of the chelates have been calculated at 25°C The results are collected as follows: magnified image
DIESEL: A Dataset-Based Distributed Storage and Caching System for Large-Scale Deep Learning Training (2020)

We observe three problems in existing storage and caching systems for deep-learning training (DLT) tasks: (1) accessing a dataset containing a large number of small files takes a long time, (2) global in-memory caching systems are vulnerable to node failures and slow to recover, and (3) repeatedly reading a dataset of files in shuffled orders is inefficient when the dataset is too large to be cached in memory. Therefore, we propose DIESEL, a dataset-based distributed storage and caching system for DLT tasks. Our approach is via a storage-caching system co-design. Firstly, since accessing small files is a metadata-intensive operation, DIESEL decouples the metadata processing from metadata storage, and introduces metadata snapshot mechanisms for each dataset. This approach speeds up metadata access significantly. Secondly, DIESEL deploys a task-grained distributed cache across the worker nodes of a DLT task. This way node failures are contained within each DLT task. Furthermore, the files are grouped into large chunks in storage, so the recovery time of the caching system is reduced greatly. Thirdly, DIESEL provides chunk-based shuffle so that the performance of random file access is improved without sacrificing training accuracy. Our experiments show that DIESEL achieves a linear speedup on metadata access, and outperforms an existing distributed caching system in both file caching and file reading. In real DLT tasks, DIESEL halves the data access time of an existing storage system, and reduces the training time by hours without changing any training code.
Data center demand response (2013)

Demand response is a crucial aspect of the future smart grid. It has the potential to provide significant peak demand reduction and to ease the incorporation of renewable energy into the grid. Data centers' participation in demand response is becoming increasingly important given the high and increasing energy consumption and the flexibility in demand management in data centers compared to conventional industrial facilities. In this extended abstract we briefly describe recent work in our full paper on two demand response schemes to reduce a data center's peak loads and energy expenditure: workload shifting and the use of local power generations. In our full paper, we conduct a detailed characterization study of coincident peak data over two decades from Fort Collins Utilities, Colorado and then develop two algorithms for data centers by combining workload scheduling and local power generation to avoid the coincident peak and reduce the energy expenditure. The first algorithm optimizes the expected cost and the second one provides a good worst-case guarantee for any coincident peak pattern. We evaluate these algorithms via numerical simulations based on real world traces from production systems. The results show that using workload shifting in combination with local generation can provide significant cost savings (up to 40% in the Fort Collins Utilities' case) compared to either alone.
Repeatability and reproducibility of macular thickness measurements with the Humphrey OCT system. (2002)

Measurements made from OCT scans were found to be accurate and precise. Introducing water or glycerin into the test object resulted in considerable degradation of the signal, but measurements of gap thickness were still shown to be accurate, precise, reproducible, and repeatable. Retinal thickness measurements in the macular area were repeatable and reproducible. This demonstrates that OCT is a useful tool in the monitoring of patients with conditions that affect macular thickness, even when there is considerable degradation of the OCT signal.
Long-term effects of simulated microgravity and/or chronic exposure to low-dose gamma radiation on behavior and blood–brain barrier integrity (2016)

Astronauts on lengthy voyages will be exposed to an environment of microgravity and ionizing radiation that may have adverse effects on physical abilities, mood, and cognitive functioning. However, little is known about the long-term effects of combined microgravity and low-dose radiation. We exposed mice to gamma radiation using a cobalt-57 plate (0.01 cGy/h for a total dose of 0.04 Gy), hindlimb unloading to simulate microgravity, or a combination of both for 3 weeks. Mice then underwent a behavioral test battery after 1 week, 1 month, 4 months, and 8 months to assess sensorimotor coordination/balance (rotarod), activity levels (open field), learned helplessness/depression-like behavior (tail suspension test), risk-taking (elevated zero maze), and spatial learning/memory (water maze). Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) expression was assessed in the brain after behavioral testing to determine blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity. Mice that received unloading spent significantly more time in the exposed portions of the elevated zero maze, were hypoactive in the open field, and spent less time struggling on the tail suspension test than mice that did not receive unloading. Mice in the combination group expressed more AQP4 immunoactivity than controls. Elevated zero maze and AQP4 data were correlated. No differences were seen on the water maze or rotarod, and no radiation-only effects were observed. These results suggest that microgravity may lead to changes in exploratory/risk-taking behaviors in the absence of other sensorimotor or cognitive deficits and that combined microgravity and a chronic, low dose of gamma radiation may lead to BBB dysfunction.
Random correction for positron emission tomography using singles count rates (2002)

To obtain quantitative images in PET (Positron Emission Tomography) the correction for randomly occurring coincidences is an important step prior to reconstruction. Especially in 3D mode, random coincidences contribute considerably to all measured events. Tomographs with more open geometries and extended field of view (FOV) are particularly prone to random coincidences. Therefore efforts are made to develop methods for an estimation of their contributions as exact as possible and subtract them from the measured signal. A new random correction method has been developed and investigated. The estimation of random coincidences was done by using singles count rates of detector ensembles. This approach does not need a separate random measurement in a delayed coincidence window (standard technique) and thus it should relieve the load on the coincidence controller. More true coincidences could be recorded this way. The inferior statistical quality of the random measurements compared to the singles measurements is a further stimulus to utilize singles for the estimation. The performance of the new method has been compared with the current standard technique and its benefits have been quantified in a range of imaging situations. It has been demonstrated that the use of the new algorithm should lead to significant gains in performance.