gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
THE DIAGNOSIS OF TROPHOBLASTIC TUMOURS FROM UTERINE CURETTINGS (1973)

The reliability of the diagnosis of choriocarcinoma from uterine curettings is still a matter for debate, and few pathologists see enough material for an objective clinico-pathological study. In the present survey curettings from 54 patients were examined, 38 during follow up of a hydatidiform mole, 12 following a normal pregnancy and four after a spontaneous abortion. Four histological categories were identified: villous, simple trophoblast, trophoblast with appearances suspicious of choriocarcinoma, and trophoblast diagnostic of choriocarcinoma. The presence of hydropic villi is evidence that malignant change has not developed at that time and only two of the 20 patients in this group subsequently developed choriocarcinoma. The interpretation of simple or suspicious trophoblast depends on the antecedent gestation: if it were molar, malignant change is relatively infrequent (choriocarcinoma subsequently developed in four out of 15 patients); if it were non-molar then malignancy is a strong possibility (choriocarcinoma developed in nine and metastatic trophoblastic disease in four of the 13 patients). The correct management of the individual patient can only be achieved by a full consideration of the histological features together with the clinical history and findings.
Phenytoin modulates the pharmacokinetics of prednisolone and the pharmacodynamics of prednisolone as assessed by the inhibition of the mixed lymphocyte reaction in humans (1984)

Following induction of the microsomal liver enzymes, lower total prednisolone concentrations in plasma and an altered pattern of the prednisolone metabolites generated were observed. The purpose of the present study was to establish whether--as a consequence of an enhanced clearance--lower unbound concentrations of prednisolone in plasma are detectable after enzyme induction and to determine if the altered prednisolone metabolism modulates the biological effect. Before and during phenytoin dosage in ten volunteers, the mean (+/-SD) total body clearance (ml min-1 kg-1) of both total and unbound prednisolone increased from 2.74 +/- 0.47 to 3.94 +/- 0.66 (P less than 0.001) and from 10.76 +/- 2.68 to 16.00 +/- 3.17 (P less than 0.001), respectively. These increments were due to increased non-renal clearances. The immunosuppressive activity as a function of time in plasma determined as the percent inhibition of the mixed lymphocyte reaction decreased by one third after phenytoin dosing, while the EC50 values of unbound prednisolone were unaffected. Thus enzyme induction decreases both the unbound prednisolone concentration and the steroid efficacy.
Criteria and evaluation for two-step flush devices for water closets (1981)

This report is one of a group documenting National Bureau of Standards (NBS) research and analysis efforts in developing water conservation test methods, analysis economics and strategies for implementation and acceptance.
Mixing particles from various HCV genotypes increases the HBV‐HCV vaccine ability to elicit broadly cross‐neutralizing antibodies (2020)

The development of a safe, effective and affordable prophylactic vaccine against hepatitis C virus (HCV) remains a medical priority. Hepatitis B-C subviral envelope particles, which could be produced by industrial procedures adapted from those established for the hepatitis B virus vaccine, appear promising for use for this purpose. The prototype HBV-HCV bivalent vaccine-bearing genotype 1a HCV envelopes can induce neutralizing antibodies against this genotype, but is less effective against other genotypes. We show here, in a small animal model, that the use of a set of vaccine particles harbouring envelopes from different HCV genotypes in various association strategies can induce broad neutralizing protection or an optimized protection against a particular genotype prevalent in a given region, such as genotype 4 in Egypt. This vaccine could help to control the hepatitis C epidemic worldwide.
The prevalence of overactive bladder. (2000)

Overactive bladder (OAB) is a disorder that encompasses frequency, urgency, and urge incontinence, singly or in combination. It often has a significant individual impact on quality of life and on limitations to activities, yet most individuals with OAB do not seek medical care. Therefore, it is not possible to estimate the prevalence and, more generally, the societal impact of OAB based on medical encounter data. With few exceptions, most epidemiologic studies have focused on urge incontinence, the most severe form of OAB. The prevalence of OAB increases with age and is more common in women than men. However, prevalence estimates vary considerably among studies, ranging from 3% to 43%. The variation in estimates from epidemiologic studies is the result in part of differences in the criteria used to define a case of urge incontinence among studies. This problem is attributable in part to the lack of a standardized, validated, and operational definition. Nonetheless, consensus exists regarding the significant individual and societal impact of urge incontinence and the recognition that it is underdiagnosed and undertreated. Frequency and urgency, the other 2 symptoms of OAB, have not received the same level of attention as urge incontinence, yet the societal impact of these symptoms of OAB may be considerably greater. Overall, frequency and urgency are considerably more common symptoms than urge incontinence, especially between 35 and 55 years of age, the period of peak productivity for most workers. Recent evidence indicates that a substantial proportion of individuals with frequency and urgency report a diminished quality of life and interference with activities in a number of roles, including work. Efforts are under way to more accurately describe the prevalence of frequency and urgency, using a validated and standardized epidemiologic case definition to determine the individual impact of each symptom of OAB and to estimate societal costs.
Safety of selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors in inflammatory bowel disease (2002)

Our preliminary results suggest that cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors may be safe and beneficial in most patients with IBD. A placebo-controlled trial to confirm these preliminary observations is needed.
The stringent response in <i>Streptomyces coelicolor</i> A3(2) (1991)

The stringent response was elicited in the antibiotic producer Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) either by amino acid depletion (nutritional shiftdown) or by the addition of serine hydroxamate; both led to increased levels of ppGpp and to a reduction in transcription from the four promoters of the rrnD rRNA gene set. Analysis of untreated batch cultures revealed elevated ppGpp levels at the end of exponential growth, preceding the onset of antibiotic production. The effect of provoking the stringent response on antibiotic production in exponentially growing cultures was assessed by S1 nuclease mapping of actIII, an early gene of the actinorhodin biosynthetic cluster. Expression of actIII occurred after nutritional shiftdown, but not after treatment with serine hydroxamate. Although the need for ppGpp in triggering antibiotic production remains equivocal, ppGpp synthesis alone does not appear to be sufficient to initiate secondary metabolism in S. coelicolor A3(2).
PW 2646 Dynamic prevention of falls from balconies using artificial intelligence cameras (2018)

Among childhood accidents that result in death, falls constitute the highest proportion. In Tokyo alone, in the five years from 2011 to 2015, there were 114 emergency transports of children under the age of 5 to medical institutions that involved falling from the windows or balconies of houses and apartments. In the present paper, we develop a dynamic safety system for preventing falls from balconies using artificial intelligence technology for recognizing the behavior of children and environmental risk on a balcony using RGB-D cameras. In order to help prevent balcony falls, the developed system has two functions: (1) the ability to detect a single child without an accompanying adult and (2) the ability to calculate fall risk based on shape evaluation of items present in the balcony environment. In order to verify the developed solitary child detection and fall risk calculation functions, an experiment was conducted at a mockup living laboratory designed to simulate a general household environment. We also conducted an experiment to determine whether the developed system could operate even under the influences of direct sunlight, wind, and electric lighting. For the solitary child detection function, we confirmed that the proposed system can estimate the age of a child to within an error of 5% in terms of years of age (one to six years of age). For the fall risk calculation function, we compared the estimation values of the proposed system to true values obtained each time that we changed objects and placement positions, and the error was within 5%. These two experiments confirmed the effectiveness of the developed functions. Future tasks will include expanding the detection function to include other dangerous shapes, such as obstacles that would be easy for a child to climb.
Detailed Studies on the Composite, PEO-based Polymeric Electrolytes (2008)

Abstract not Available.
Comparing experimental and computational alanine scanning techniques for probing a prototypical protein–protein interaction (2010)

The central role of protein-protein interactions in a wide range of cellular processes makes them a target for research and drug discovery. A variety of methods, both experimental and theoretical, exist for probing protein interfaces for residues that affect activity and binding affinity. Using as an example a protein-protein complex between trypsin and a nine-residue synthetic peptide, we experimentally assay-binding affinities for a variety of mutants and determine their relative free energy of binding, ΔΔG, to rank the importance of interface residues to binding. We then compare how accurately, precisely and reliably computational methods for calculating ΔΔG can replicate these results. We find that a 'post-process alanine scanning' protocol of a single native complex trajectory gives results with better accuracy than running separate molecular dynamics (MD) trajectories for individual mutants. Compared across 10 independent simulations, we find that results from the post-process alanine scanning are also more precise and are obtained over five times faster than their equivalent with the 'full MD' protocol. These results suggest that, although not suitable in every case, post-process alanine scanning is a useful and reliable tool in predicting important residues at protein interfaces with potential for modulation.
Separation of Reducing Oligosaccharides Derived from Glycoproteins on Stable Polymeric HPLC Packings (1989)

Abstract A multidimensional high performance liquid chromatographic approach has been designed to purify and isolate oligosaccharides derived from glycoproteins prior to structure elucidation. After release by chemical or enzymatic means, crude oligosaccharide mixtures can be fractionated into acidic and neutral glycans by using a stable polymeric anion exchange column, Glyco-Pak DEAE. Acidic fractions can be further separated on the same column by changing mobile phase selectivity. Neutral oligosaccharides are resolved using partition mode chromatography first on a silica-based Carbohydrate Analysis column followed by a hydroxylated polymeric Glyco-Pak N column. Crude mixtures containing only neutral glycans can be resolved directly on Glyco-Pak N. These stable polymeric columns do not shed packing materials which may interfere with post-column structural analyses such as NMR. This multicolumn strategy is demonstrated by using acidic and neutral oligosaccharides derived from hydrazinolysis of fetuin and ovomucoid respectively and by using high mannose compounds released by Endohexosaminidase H treatment as examples which support this approach.
Intramolecular Cyclization with Oxocarbenium Ion. Synthesis of 1-Azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonene and [3.2.1]octene Derivatives (1995)

Hydroxy-and aryl-substituted 1-azabicyclo[3.3.l]nonene and [3.2.l]octene derivatives bave been synthesized by the intramolecular cationic cyclization of Caryl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridines bearing an acetal moiety m the nitrogen substituent.Factors governing the stereoselectivity of the ring closure step bave been disclosed.Two compounds were resohed into the enantiomas and the absolute configuration of one of them was deduced fiom CD investigations.Among the new compounds substances with valuable antianmesic effect have been found.Among the 1-azabicycloalkane derivatives, substituted in position 3 or 4 by a group capable of forming hydrogen bonds, several higbly potent muscarinic agonists were found, which might have potential as cognition enhancers in psychiatric disorders associated with dementia.'On the other hand the combination of the hydrogen bondforming group of the above structures with an aryl moiety results generally m an aflinity to the 5HT3 receptor and some representative antagonists of tbis group may be used as e.g.antiemetics, anxiolytic and memory enhancers.2Up till now practically no effort has been devoted to the synthesis of compounds, where an aryl group was directly attached to the 1-azabicyclic part of the molecule, distant fiom the bridgehead nitrogen atom 26.
The role of boundary conditions in a simple model of incipient vortex breakdown (2003)

We consider incipient vortex breakdown and describe how infinitesimal perturbations may destabilize a columnar swirling jet. The framework is axisymmetric and inviscid following Wang and Rusak’s [J. Fluid Mech. 340, 177 (1997)] analysis. The goal of the present study is to relate the local properties of swirling flows in infinite pipes to their global stability properties in pipes of finite length. A spatial linear stability analysis is pursued which gives a complementary point of view to the subcritical/supercritical concept introduced by Benjamin [J. Fluid Mech. 14, 593 (1962)]. In contrast to supercritical flows which exhibit two neutral spatial branches traveling downstream and two counterpropagating evanescent spatial branches, subcritical flows exhibit a frequency range where all spatial branches are neutral, three of which travel downstream and one upstream. By using global energy budget arguments and monitoring how the upstream wave is reflected into the downstream waves and conversely, the inlet and outlet conditions are shown to drive the instability in the limit of long but finite pipes. Various inlet and outlet conditions are proposed that stabilize or destabilize the flow, depending on their ability to supply energy. The analysis demonstrates therefore that the global instability accounting for incipient vortex breakdown in Wang and Rusak’s model may arise from the combination of a locally neutral flow and suitable inlet and outlet conditions.
Synthetic Sapphire as an Artificial Heart Valve Occluder—Promise and Problems (1991)

A tilting disc artificial heart valve using a synthetic sapphire disc and a titanium nitride coated Haynes alloy cage was developed. Sapphire has proved to be an excellent biocompatible material in toxicology testing. Functional evaluation in a pulse duplicator showed the valve to be comparable in performance to the standard Bjork-Shiley valve. It successfully completed the accelerated durability test as per international protocol. In animal evaluation, the synthetic sapphire disc fractured in 5 animals in a total of 14 implants. However, in all the animal implants, sapphire has proved to be an excellent blood compatible material.Preliminary failure analysis of the sapphire fracture was carried out by changing the assembly procedure, studies of crystal orientation by transmission Laue X-ray diffraction photography of the failed and intact discs and by indentation studies. High flow and high pressure accelerated testings of the valves were carried out to induce fracture in the in-vitro system so that the testing could be made more reliable in terms of showing up failures before animal implantations were carried out.Though this work did not result in a successful product, it clearly brought out the need for understanding the fracture mechanics of ceramics and the ability to eliminate defective components before using them in such critical devices like an artificial heart valve.
Sistema multi-robot para localización e identificación de vehículos (2012)

In this work we present a multi-robot system for the localization and identification of vehicles parked indoors or outdoors. In the initial stage, a priori planning is achieved and tasks are assigned to optimize the time of the mission. The robot team has different onboard sensors to achieve the localization and identification of a vehicle as well as its plate. A motion controller uses the laser sensor in each robot for an initial and precise localization in front of the car plate and the vision sensors are used to find the car and recognize the plate. The group of robots is endowed with communications to be used with each other and with a central station. Commands, alarms and data can be shared in real time maintaining the quality of service. The sensors used are commercially available and the algorithms have been designed and implemented by the Robotics, Perception and Real Time group of the University of Zaragoza with financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Innovation and Research. We integrate different technologies related to planning, navigation, perception and communications in the project to carry out the aimed application.
Aggregation Problems in Estimates of Armington Elasticities and Pass-Through Effects (2005)

This article examines the level of aggregation problem for which Armington price elasticity of substitution and pass-through effects are usually estimated. On the basis of U.S. import data from 1995 to 2004 of wood products from Brazil and Mexico, it is argued that the usuallevels of aggregation used in the estimates for the elasticity of substitution are too high, since they tend to aggregate perfectly elastic products together with products whose elasticities vary from zero to any negative number. Analogously, the elasticity of relative prices with respect to the exchange rate, a measure of the pass-through effect, tends to be underestimated in the U.S. by the presence of homogeneous products whose prices are set in dollars and tend to equalize through arbitrage. Therefore, pricing-to-market estimates may be grossly overestimated for some industries in the U.S.
Somatic cell genetic analysis of regulation of expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase. (1980)

Three new types of regulatory somatic cell mutants defective in expression of the enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase are described. They include a recessive mutant with abnormally high enzyme activity, apparently defective in degradation of the enzyme, and one, phenotypically a mevalonate auxotroph, that maintains permanently repressed levels of enzyme activity and are recessive, constitutive mutants. These mutants offer means for analyses of the mechanism of regulation of expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase in cultured fibroblasts.
Conjugate Vaccines for <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> (1999)

This article has no abstract.
Dpcm Compression Of Sar Raw Data (2002)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Toulouse, France, 2002
The development of petaled molybdenum disulfide as a versatile and sustainable electrocatalyst for alternative energy technologies. (2017)

Societal challenges such as global warming and world poverty necessitate the development of alternative energy technologies which are independent of hydrocarbon combustion, utilize earth-abundant materials, and are inexpensive. Thus, in this Ph.D. dissertation, catalytic nanomaterials chemistry was employed to develop molybdenum(IV) sulfide (MoS2) as a device component in a variety of technologies including solar energy conversion, water-splitting, and energy storage. A simple, hydrothermal preparation was developed to grow MoS2 and MoSe2 i¬lms directly from Mo foils, resulting in a petaled morphology that exposes a large number of catalytically active crystallite edge sites. Various characterization techniques indicated that the resulting multilayer MoS2 i¬lms are frayed and exhibit single-layer MoS2 behavior at the edges. These self-supported electrodes also have an intermediate, MoSxOy layer. A synthetic approach to prepare MoSxOy-negative controls was also developed by growing petaled MoS2 on Au. Petaled MoS2 electrodes are highly active for the electrochemical reduction of aqueous polysuli¬de, demonstrating superior efi¬ciency in quantum dot sensitized solar cells compared to those employing Pt cathodes. The electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction activity of petaled MoS2 and MoSxOy-negative controls are also compared. In addition to the equivalent chemical environment on the surface, we i¬nd that petaled MoS2/Au and petaled MoS2/Mo exhibit comparable HER activity and kinetics. However, the exchange current density of petaled MoS2/Au is 3x smaller than that of petaled MoS2/Mo, being attributed to lower packing density on the Au support. Both petaled MoS2 i¬lms have nearly ohmic contacts to their supports, demonstrating that MoSxOy is not resistive. Additionally, petaled MoS2 was evaluated in lithium ion batteries and it was found that the MoSxOy layer contributes greatly to the capacity of the electrode by promoting reversible Mo-MoO3 conversion, while other typical Li-S cycling intercalation reactions are not as prevalent. Ex situ characterization was utilized to elucidate the primary chemical species and reactions involved in the charge/discharge processes. Finally, Cu2S@SnS and SnS@Cu2S core@shell nanocubes prepared using a novel, rapid, cation exchange technique were evaluated as photoabsorbers in quantum dot sensitized solar cells.
Patient Portal Utilization Among Ethnically Diverse Low Income Older Adults: Observational Study (2017)

Leverage points to address disparities in patient portal utilization include providing training for older adults in patient portal utilization, involving spouses or other care partners in this training, and making information technology access available at public places in rural and urban communities.
ZAP-70 Regulates Autoimmune Arthritis via Alterations in T Cell Activation and Apoptosis (2019)

T cells play an essential role in the pathogenesis of both human rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its murine models. A key molecule in T cell activation is ZAP-70, therefore we aimed to investigate the effects of partial ZAP-70 deficiency on the pathogenesis of recombinant human G1(rhG1)-induced arthritis (GIA), a well-established mouse model of RA. Arthritis was induced in BALB/c and ZAP-70<sup>+/-</sup> heterozygous mice. Disease progression was monitored using a scoring system and in vivo imaging, antigen-specific proliferation, cytokine and autoantibody production was measured and T cell apoptotic pathways were analyzed. ZAP-70<sup>+/-</sup> mice developed a less severe arthritis, as shown by both clinical picture and in vitro parameters (decreased T cell proliferation, cytokine and autoantibody production). The amount of cleaved Caspase-3 increased in arthritic ZAP-70<sup>+/-</sup> T cells, with no significant changes in cleaved Caspase-8 and -9 levels; although expression of Bim, Bcl-2 and Cytochrome C showed alterations. Tyrosine phosphorylation was less pronounced in arthritic ZAP-70<sup>+/-</sup> T cells and the amount of Cbl-b-a negative regulator of T cell activation-decreased as well. We hypothesize that the less severe disease seen in the partial absence of ZAP-70 might be caused by the decreased T cell activation accompanied by increased apoptosis.