gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PowerPoint 2007: The Missing Manual (2006)

Like every other application in Microsoft Office suite, PowerPoint is loaded with features. So many, in fact, that even veterans don't know where to find them all. Microsoft solved this problem in PowerPoint 2007 by redesigning the user interface with a tabbed toolbar that makes features easy to locate and use. PowerPoint 2007 also boasts improved graphics, additional templates, the ability to save custom layouts, and improved collaboration through SharePoint. One thing Microsoft hasn't improved is its poor documentation. To learn the ins and outs of all the features in PowerPoint 2007, Microsoft merely offers online help. If you're familiar with previous versions of the program, you may be lost the first time you fire up the new PowerPoint; or you would be if it weren't for PowerPoint 2007: The Missing Manual. This new book, written specifically for this version of the software, not only offers the basics of how to create, save, set up, run, and print a basic bullets-and-background slideshow, but takes you into the world of multimedia, animation, and interactivity. You'll learn how to add pictures, sound, video, animated effects, and controls (buttons and links) to their slides, along with ways to pull text, spreadsheets, and animations created in other programs. You can also create your own reusable design templates and learn to automate repetitive tasks with macros. Learn how to take advantage of advanced functions (such as adding custom background images) that existed in previous PowerPoint versions, but were so cleverly hidden that few people ever found them.
First Report of Soybean Rust Caused by <i>Phakopsora pachyrhizi</i> in the Continental United States (2005)

Asian soybean rust, caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi Sydow, has been known to occur in the eastern hemisphere for nearly a century. More recently, it was reported from Hawaii in 1994, eastern and southern Africa from 1996-1998, Nigeria in 2001, and Brazil and Paraguay in 2002. Aerobiological models suggested that urediniospores of the pathogen would be disseminated on wind currents to the continental United States in association with tropical storms if the disease became established north of the equator during hurricane season (U.S. Soybean Rust Detection and Aerobiological Modeling online publication at www.aphis.usda.gov/ppq/ ep/soybean_rust/ ). Since soybean rust was observed at approximately 5°N latitude in South America before several hurricanes impacted the continental United States in September 2004, it seems likely that the introduction was associated with at least one of these tropical storms, especially hurricane Ivan. Symptoms of the disease were first observed on soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) in the continental United States on November 6, 2004 in a field near Baton Rouge, LA. Typical pustules and urediniospores on infected leaves were readily apparent when viewed with a dissecting microscope. Urediniospores were obovoid to broadly ellipsoidal, hyaline to pale yellowish brown with a minutely echinulate thin wall, and measured 18 to 37 × 15 to 24 μm. Paraphyses were cylindric to clavate and slightly thickened at the apex, colorless to pale yellowish brown, and 25-50 × 6-14 μm in size. This morphology is typical of Phakopsora pachyrhizi and P. meibomiae, a less aggressive, western hemisphere species (2). DNA was extracted from leaves containing sori using the Qiagen DNeasy Plant Mini kit. P. pachyrhizi was detected using a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocol (1) that differentiates between P. pachyrhizi and P. meibomiae performed in a Cepheid thermocycler with appropriate positive and negative controls. The PCR master mix was modified to include OmniMix beads (Cepheid). The field diagnosis of P. pachyrhizi was confirmed officially by the USDA/APHIS on November 10, 2004, and this was followed on November 11, 2004 by a wide-ranging survey of soybean and kudzu (Pueraria sp.) in soybean production areas in southern and central Louisiana. Collections from this survey also were assayed as described above, and six soybean specimens from five sites were confirmed positive. The disease was not found on kudzu samples. To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. pachyrhizi in the continental United States. Voucher specimens have been placed in the USDA National Fungus Collection. References: (1) R. D. Frederick et al. Phytopathology 92:217, 2002. (2) Y. Ono et al. Mycol. Res. 96:825, 1992.
International Travel and Tourism (1997)

Preface. Chapter 1: Introduction to International Travel and Tourism. Chapter 2: Air Travel Geography. Chapter 3: International Travel. Chapter 4: International Air Fares. Chapter 5: International Ticketing. Chapter 6: The New Europe. Chapter 7: The New Russia, Asia, and the South Pacific. Chapter 8: Less Developed Nations. Chapter 9: Future Trends.
Late Detection of Critical Congenital Heart Disease Among US Infants (2014)

We estimate that 29.5% of live-born infants with nonsyndromic CCHD in the NBDPS received a diagnosis more than 3 days after birth and therefore might have benefited from routine CCHD screening at birth hospitals. The number of infants in whom CCHD was detected through screening likely varies by several factors, including CCHD type. Additional population-based studies of screening in practice are needed.
Inflammatory Mediators in Normal, Sensitive and Diseased Skin Types: Investigative Report (2000)

The role of inflammatory mediators in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of skin diseases is now widely accepted. We analysed the profiles of inflammatory mediators in normal, sensitive (past history of eczema, but currently patch test negative) and diseased (psoriasis and eczema) skin types to identify the patterns associated with various degrees of inflammatory dermatoses. Compared with normal skin, prostaglandin E2 was increased approximately 3.8-fold (p<0.0002) and 4.7-fold (p<0.0001) in suction blister fluids from sensitive and diseased skin types, respectively. Leukotriene B4 and interleukin-1alpha showed no differences between normal and sensitive skin types. However, in lesional skin from psoriasis and eczema patients, leukotriene B4 was increased approximately 6.6-fold (p<0.0001), whereas interleukin-1alpha was decreased approximately 3.1-fold (p<0.001). Interleukin 6 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha could not discriminate between skin types. We conclude that only prostaglandin E2 showed a significant stepwise increase on progression from normal through sensitive and inflammatory skin diseases. Levels of leukotriene B4 and interleukin-1alpha were also indicative of disease state and may be important in the pathophysiology of these conditions.
Investigation of the effects of different deflocculants on the viscosity of slips (2011)

Various parameters like the solid concentration of the slip, chemical and mineralogical composition, particle size and distribution and shape, density of slip, type and content of electrolyte, temperature and pH, affect the rheological parameters of slip. In this study, the effect of various electrolytes on Sogut and Konya clays have been assessed. Slips were prepared by adding various amounts of the electrolytes sodium carbonate, sodium silicate and sodium triployphosphate and their viscosity were measured. The slip used in this study had solid concentration about 65%. The results of the experiments have shown that the lowest viscosity is attained in clay and slip prepared with sodium triployphosphate.
Web site optimization using page popularity (1999)

Awkward arrangement of documents in an HTML tree can discourage users from staying at a Web site. The authors have developed an algorithm for dynamically altering the organization of pages at sites where the main design objective is to give users fast access to requested data. The algorithm reads information from the HTTP log file and computes the relative popularity of pages within the site. Based on popularity (defined as a relationship between number of accesses, time spent, and location of the page), the hierarchical relationships between pages are rearranged to maximize accessibility for popular pages.
Elution of bisphenol‐A from hemodialyzers consisting of polycarbonate and polysulfone resins (2001)

This study deals with bisphenol-A (BPA) analysis of the BPA-derived polymer pellets, polycarbonate (PC) and polysulfone (PS), and in the hemodialyzer casings made of PC, and the leaching of BPA from commercially available hemodialyzers into water and bovine serum, using HPLC, GC-MS, and LC-MS analyses, and NMR spectroscopy. Total contents of BPA in polymer pellets of each resin were 4.0 and 7.2 μg/g (PC) and 34.5 μg/g (PS). Amounts of BPA released from hemodialyzer PC casings lacking PS hollow-fiber were 11.7 and 13.7 ng/casing by water extraction, and 296 and 345 ng/casing by methanol extraction. On the other hand, BPA of 3.78 to 141.8 ng/module was recovered using water circulation of hemodialyzers, and 140.7 to 2,090 ng/module was detected when bovine serum was used as a circulation solvent. The elution profiles using various concentrations of ethanol/water mixtures indicated that a 17.2% (v/v) ethanol solution rather than bovine serum can be used as an extraction solvent, where a similar amount of BPA as with bovine serum circulation was eluted from the hemodialyzer. Thus, this solvent may be useful for evaluating BPA elution from hemodialyers under similar conditions to medical use. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res (Appl Biomater) 58: 209–215, 2001
Synaptic Transfer by Human γδ T Cells Stimulated with Soluble or Cellular Antigens (2002)

B, alpha beta T, and NK lymphocytes establish immunological synapses (IS) with their targets to enable recognition. Transfer of target cell-derived Ags together with proximal molecules onto the effector cell appears also to occur through synapses. Little is known about the molecular basis of this transfer, but it is assumed to result from Ag receptor internalization. Because human gamma delta T cells recognize soluble nonpeptidic phosphoantigens as well as tumor cells such as Daudi, it is unknown whether they establish IS with, and extract molecules from, target cells. Using flow cytometry and confocal microscopy, we show in this work that Ag-stimulated human V gamma 9/V delta 2 T cells conjugate to, and perform molecular transfer from, various tumor cell targets. The molecular transfer appears to be linked to IS establishment, evolves in a dose-dependent manner in the presence of either soluble or cellular Ag, and requires gamma delta TCR ligation, Src family kinase signaling, and participation of the actin cytoskeleton. Although CD45 exclusion characterized the IS performed by gamma delta T cells, no obvious capping of the gamma delta TCR was detected. The synaptic transfer mediated by gamma delta T cells involved target molecules unrelated to the cognate Ag and occurred independently of MHC class I expression by target cells. From these observations, we conclude that despite the particular features of gamma delta T cell activation, both synapse formation and molecular transfer of determinants belonging to target cell characterize gamma delta T cell recognition of Ags.
STRUCTURES OF PHOSPHORUS-CONTAINING METAL AND AMMONIUM SALTS (1988)

Abstract In order to test the proposal that phosphorus-containing metal salts exist as ion pairs, in contrast to ammonium salts which exist as free-ions, an investigation of their solution structure by means of 31P and 1H NMR spectroscopy was carried out. The presence of an ionic bond in the molecule of both salts causes a decrease of both the phosphorus chemical shift and the P-H coupling constant. The change of 31P chemical shift and the P-H coupling constant depends on the type of the cation.
Reason and Conduct: New Bearings in Moral Philosophy. (1965)

Journal Article Book Reviews Get access Reason and Conduct : New Bearings in Moral Philosophy. By Henry David Aiken. (New York : Alfred A. Knopf. 1962. Pp. xviii + 375 + vi. Price $6.75). D. Z. Phillips D. Z. Phillips Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Philosophical Quarterly, Volume 15, Issue 59, April 1965, Pages 189–190, https://doi.org/10.2307/2218226 Published: 01 April 1965
A novel small‐diameter vascular graft: In vivo behavior of biodegradable three‐layered tubular scaffolds (2007)

Small-diameter vascular grafts are potential substitutes for damaged vessels in patients, but most biodegradable grafts available now are not strong enough. The present study examined the burst strength, radial compliance, suture retention strength for a novel biodegradable tubular scaffold and investigated its behavior in vivo. The tubular scaffold (6-mm i.d., 4 cm long) has three layers including porous polylacticglycolic- acid in both inner and outer layers, a compact polyurethanes layer in midst. Bone marrow stromal cells (bMSCs) were seeded on the scaffolds and cultured for 7 days in vitro to construct tissue engineered vascular grafts which were then implanted in canine abdominal aorta. After 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 weeks, the grafts were retrieved and evaluated histologically, angiographically and immunohistochemically. The biodegradable tubular scaffolds showed wall thickness of 0.295 mm to 0.432 mm; radial compliance of 3.80%/100 mmHg approximately 0.57%/100 mmHg, burst strength of 160 kPa approximately 183 kPa, and suture retention strength of 1959 N/cm(2) approximately 3228N/cm(2). The implanted grafts were fully patent without any signs of dilation or obstruction after 3 months' implantation. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a confluence endothelial cell layer spreading on the inner surface of the grafts. Immunohistochemistry of the retrieved grafts showed that vWF-stainin, alphaSMA-staining were positive in the inner and medium layer respectively. Masson's trichrome staining showed that amount of collagen fibers existed in the grafts wall. Overall, these novel three-layered scaffolds exhibited favourable mechanical strength, long term patency and good remodeling in vivo.
Comparative Nutritional Value Analysis of Oven Dried and Sun Dried Ginger (Zingiber officinale) and their Tenderization Effects on Old Layer Chickens in Pankshin Lga of Plateau State, Nigeria (2020)

The purpose of this study was to determine the comparative nutritional value analysis of oven dried and sun dried ginger and their tenderization effects on old layer chickens in Pankshin LGA of Plateau State. Six (6) laying hens of three (3) Months old were randomly distributed into three dietary treatments (Group A, B and C) of 2 laying hens each in a deep litter pen. Group A which was the control group were given normal chikun feed and water daily for three (3) weeks while group B were given chikun feed mixed with oven dried ginger and group C were given chikun feed mixed with sun dried ginger respectively for three (3) weeks as well. Significant differences (P<0.05) were observed in the overall body weight of the chickens with the highest weight recorded in the control group (2.12 ± 0.16) compared to the sun dried ginger (2.03 ± 0.23) and the oven dried ginger (1.83 ± 0.41). The nutritional analysis showed that the moisture content of sun-dried ginger (31.30 ± 0.71) was recorded higher significantly (p<0.05) compared to the oven-dried ginger (15.92 ± 0.25). Crude protein content of oven-dried ginger (5.88 ± 0.005) ginger was recorded higher significantly (p<0.05) compared to the sun-dried ginger (3.95 ± 0.10). Crude fiber content was significantly higher (P<0.05) in sun-dried ginger (9.23 ± 0.02) compared to oven-dried ginger (9.03 ± 0.015). Crude fats content of oven-dried ginger (3.62 ± 0.015) was recorded higher significantly (p<0.05) compared to the sun-dried ginger (1.87 ± 0.02). Ash content of oven-dried ginger (10.20 ± 0.04) was recorded higher significantly (p<0.05) compared to the sun-dried ginger (4.30 ± 1.06). The calcium content of sun-dried ginger (0.75 ± 0.02) was recorded higher significantly (p<0.05) compared to the oven-dried ginger (0.70 ± 0.01). In this study, Phosphorus content of sun-dried ginger (0.24 ± 0.01) was recorded higher significantly (p<0.05) compared to the oven-dried ginger (0.12 ± 0.10). The result of the tenderization also showed that from the opinion of 19 panelists in this study, 03 panelists evaluated that the chicken meat fed with impregnated oven dried and sun dried Ginger is extremely tender, while 08 of the panelists showed that the chicken meat was very tender. 05 panelists showed that the chicken meat was moderately tender, while 02 of the panelists showed that the chicken meat was slightly tender and 01 of the panelists showed that the chicken meat was neither tender nor tough. Therefore, the result generated from this study showed that ginger powder prepared using sun-dried and oven-dried methods are good source of micronutrients and it contains pharmacological active compounds that could be useful in animal production. It can also be effectively utilized to tenderize chicken meat without adversely affecting other meat quality parameters. Therefore, a technology for utilization of easily and cheaply available ginger can be exploited at the industrial or household level for tenderization of meat.
Stimulation of peripheral nerves using a novel magnetic coil (1999)

Magnetic nerve stimulation (MNS) using a novel figure-8 magnetic coil was compared with conventional electric nerve stimulation (ENS) in normal subjects and in patients with disorders of the peripheral nervous system. In contrast to previously tested coils, the virtual cathode of the novel coil was independent of the geometrical or electric conditions of the stimulated tissue. Maximal compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) were elicited by MNS in all motor nerves tested. The slopes of the recruitment curves of ENS were steeper than those of MNS, indicating a comparatively lower maximal stimulation intensity and a higher intensity resolution of the magnetic stimulator. In four patients with entrapment syndromes at the ulnar groove, motor conduction velocities and amplitudes were similar for MNS and ENS across the affected nerve segment. However, in two patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), CMAPs were slightly smaller following MNS. This new technique is a promising step toward the ultimate goal of replacing ENS with MNS.
Immobilization of <i>Escherichia coli</i> JM103[pUC8] in κ‐Carrageenan Coupled with Recombinant Protein Release by in Situ Cell Membrane Permeabilization (1991)

Immobilization of Escherichia coli JM103[pUC8] was carried out with kappa-carrageenan as the support matrix. Substantial natural excretion of beta-lactamase, attributable to the less intact membrane of plasmid-harboring cells, was observed in immobilized cell cultures. Nevertheless, a significant portion of the beta-lactamase produced was retained in the cells. As compared to suspension cultures, much higher beta-lactamase activities, especially in the extracellular liquid, and much longer retention of plasmid-bearing cells (improved plasmid stability) were observed in immobilized cell cultures. Further enhancement in excretion of the recombinant protein (beta-lactamase) was achieved by permeabilization of cell membrane by periodic exposure of the immobilized cell cultures to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). While the presence of EDTA led to some suppression of cell growth in suspension cultures, cell growth in gel beads was not affected by EDTA to the same extent, possibly due to lesser exposure of immobilized cells to EDTA. Exposure of immobilized cell cultures to EDTA presumably inhibited plasmid replication and led in turn to diversion of cellular resources for the support of expression of plasmid genes. Indeed, treatment of the immobilized cell cultures with EDTA resulted in increased production of beta-lactamase when compared to the enzyme production in EDTA-free cultures. More frequent addition of EDTA increased the period of retention of plasmid-bearing cells in these cultures but did not have any noticeable adverse effect on synthesis of beta-lactamase. Improvement in plasmid stability in EDTA-treated immobilized cell cultures was ascribed to the reduction in the growth rate differential between plasmid-free and plasmid-bearing cells, since plasmid-free cells were subject to more reduction in specific growth rate than were plasmid-bearing cells.
Linear Regression with Non-Normal Error Terms (1970)

-00 O and 9 > 0. (1c) The density functions are centered about the location parameter, p; ais the scale parameter. The parameter 0 measures the degree of peakedness (kurtosis) of the distribution. The multiplicative constant, k (a-, 0), which incorporates the well-tabulated gamma function, serves as a normalizing factor to insure that the area under the density curve is one.' For the normal distribution 0 = 2; 0 = 1 gives the double exponential distribution; where 0 tends to oo, the distribution tends to the rectangular. We shall investigate the model y,-=a + bx, + ,l i6 = 1, . .. , n, where the manifest observations are the (xi, y,) pairs, and where the error random variables, the ui's, are independent, identically distributed according to (1) with ,u = 0. The parameters of the model 2 are a, b, a-, and 0. Given the observations, the likelihood of the parameters is found by multiplying together the likelihoods for the individual error random variables. The likelihood of the parameters given the entire sample is
The Influence of <i>para</i> Substituents in Bis(N-Heterocyclic Carbene) Palladium Pincer Complexes for Electrocatalytic CO<sub>2</sub> Reduction (2017)

The effect of modifying the pyridyl para position of lutidine-linked bis(N-heterocyclic carbene) Pd pincer complexes is studied both experimentally (R = OMe, H, Br, and COOR) and computationally, showing a strong effect on the first reduction potential of the complex and allowing the reduction potential to be tuned over a wide range in relation to the Hammett σ<sub>p</sub> constant of the para substituent. The effect of the pyridyl para substituent on electron density of the metal center, frontier orbital energies, and dissociation energy of the trans ligand are also investigated in the context of reactivity with CO<sub>2</sub> through electrochemical characterization of the complexes under N<sub>2</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> and controlled potential electrolysis experiments where CO<sub>2</sub> is reduced to CO.
History and significance of childhood attention deficit disorder in treatment-seeking cocaine abusers (1993)

Thirty-five percent of 298 treatment-seeking cocaine abusers met DSM-III-R criteria for childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Subjects with childhood ADHD were likely to be male (78%), meet Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) for conduct disorder (93%) and antisocial personality disorder (47%), and report a history of conduct disorder in first-degree relatives. With respect to those without the disorder and regardless of co-occurrence with sociopathy, cocaine abusers with childhood ADHD were younger at presentation for treatment and reported more severe substance use, earlier onset of cocaine abuse, more frequent and intense cocaine use, intranasal rather than freebase or intravenous use of cocaine, higher rates of alcoholism, and more previous treatment. This pattern of cocaine use is consistent with clinical descriptions of self-medication of residual symptoms of ADHD in cocaine abusers. Data from this study suggest that there may be more cocaine abusers with a history of ADHD than previously recognized in clinical samples of cocaine users, and that these individuals may differ in clinically meaningful ways from those without childhood ADHD. Moreover, the poorer outcome of subjects with ADHD in this sample underlines the importance of identifying and treating residual symptoms of ADHD in cocaine abusers.