gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of the Soluble<i>in Vivo</i>Metabolites of Indium-111-Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic Acid-<scp>d</scp>-Phe<sup>1</sup>-Octreotide (1998)

Indium-111-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic Acid-D-phenylalanine-octreotide ([111]In-DTPA-octreotide) is a cyclic eight amino acid somatostatin analogue which is approved for gamma scintigraphy of neuroendocrine tumors. To address the factors that contribute to liver and kidney retention of this radiopharmaceutical, its metabolism was evaluated in normal and tumor-bearing rats. The soluble fractions from nontarget (liver and kidney) and target (tumor, pancreas, adrenals) organ homogenates were analyzed out to 21 h postinjection, and urine was analyzed out to 12 h postinjection. The blood was analyzed at shorter time intervals due to the rapid clearance of (111)In-DTPA-octreotide. Radio-TLC and HPLC were used to analyze organ homogenates, blood, and urine. By TLC, intact (111)In-DTPA-octreotide was resolved from the soluble metabolites, and a similar apparent rate of metabolism was observed in the liver, kidney, tumor, and pancreas with approximately 30% intact (111)In-DTPA-octreotide at 4 h postinjection. In the adrenals, metabolism occurred more slowly with approximately 60% intact (111)In-DTPAoctreotide at 4 h postinjection. At 4 h postinjection, the activity excreted in the urine consisted of 85% intact (111)In-DTPA-octreotide. HPLC provided resolution of the individual extractable metabolites. In an attempt to identify these metabolites, two DTPA-amino acid sequences were synthesized: DTPA-D-Phe-Cys and DTPA-D-Phe. Under the conditions used for metabolite analysis, (111)In-DTPA-D-Phe-Cys-OH eluted at 14.6 min and (111)In-DTPA-D-Phe-OH eluted at 7.0 min. Each of these standard sequences was combined with the soluble portion of the organ homogenate and was shown by HPLC to coelute with the metabolites. These data suggest that (111)In-DTPA-octreotide was initially degraded to (111)In-DTPA-D-Phe-Cys-OH and (111)In-DTPA-D-Phe-OH. The (111)In-DTPA-D-Phe-Cys-OH was further degraded to (111)In-DTPA-D-Phe-OH, which appeared to be the final metabolite that was extracted from the organs. From these results, it can be concluded that at longer time points (> 2 h postinjection) a significant amount of (111)In was retained in nontarget organs as (111)In-DTPA-D-Phe-OH and (111)In-DTPA-D-Phe-Cys-OH and not as intact (111)In-DTPA-octreotide.
SiC GTO thyristor model for HVDC interface (2004)

The development of semiconductor devices is vital for the growth of power electronic systems. Modern technologies like voltage source converter (VSC) based HVDC transmission has been made possible with the advent of power semiconductor devices like GTO thyristors and their high power handling capability. Silicon carbide is the most advanced material among the available wide band gap semiconductors and most SiC devices are currently in the transition from research to manufacturing phase. This paper presents the modeling and design of a loss model for a 4H-SiC GTO thyristor device. The device loss model has been developed based on the device physics and device operation, and simulations have been conducted for various operating conditions. The loss model was integrated in the HVDC transmission system model to study the effects of the Si and SiC devices on the system. The paper focuses on the comparison of Si devices with SiC devices in terms of efficiency and cost savings for a HVDC transmission system.
Predicting Intermediate Storage Performance for Workflow Applications (2013)

Configuring a storage system to better serve an application is a challenging task complicated by a multidimensional, discrete configuration space and the high cost of space exploration (e.g., by running the application with different storage configurations). To enable selecting the best configuration in a reasonable time, we design an end-to-end performance prediction mechanism that estimates the turn-around time of an application using storage system under a given configuration. This approach focuses on a generic object-based storage system design, supports exploring the impact of optimizations targeting workflow applications (e.g., various data placement schemes) in addition to other, more traditional, configuration knobs (e.g., stripe size or replication level), and models the system operation at data-chunk and control message level. This paper presents our experience to date with designing and using this prediction mechanism. We evaluate this mechanism using micro- as well as synthetic benchmarks mimicking real workflow applications, and a real application.. A preliminary evaluation shows that we are on a good track to meet our objectives: it can scale to model a workflow application run on an entire cluster while offering an over 200x speedup factor (normalized by resource) compared to running the actual application, and can achieve, in the limited number of scenarios we study, a prediction accuracy that enables identifying the best storage system configuration.
The Impact of UV/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Advanced Oxidation on Molecular Size Distribution of Chromophoric Natural Organic Matter (2007)

The impact of hydroxyl radical (*OH) on the molecular weight distribution of natural organic matter (NOM) was investigated. *OH was generated via the photolysis of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by ultraviolet (UV) radiation of 254 nm, also known as UV/ H2O2 advanced oxidation (AO). Additionally, the impact of combined membrane and UV/H2O2 treatment on the molecular weight distribution of NOM was studied. High performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) was used to determine the apparent molecular weight (AMW) distribution of chromophoric NOM (CNOM). Prior to AO, 33% of the CNOM in the water had AMW greater than 1400 Da. Meanwhile, lower AMW CNOM made up smaller amounts of the CNOM, with CNOM of AMW less than 450 Da making up 5% of the total. Under the AO conditions typically applied in drinking water treatment applications, NOM was not mineralized but was partially oxidized resulting in significant reduction in aromaticity. *OH preferentially reacted with higher AMW CNOM and the fragmentation of high AMW CNOM led to the formation of smaller AMW CNOM. Ultrafiltration removed all CNOM greater than 1400 Da AMW and a large portion of other high AMW fractions. In the absence of high AMW CNOM, *OH reacted more readily with all AMW fractions leading to a reduction in concentration of most AMW fractions. Whereas *OH reacted nonspecifically with all AMW fractions, the reaction rate between *OH and CNOM was observed to be dependent on molecular size.
Inability to Detect Fetal Metaphases in Flow-Sorted Lymphocyte Cultures Based on Maternal-Fetal HLA Differences (1993)

Separation of fetal cells from maternal blood could provide a means for prenatal diagnosis that would not endanger the fetus. In this pursuit, we attempted cytogenetic analysis of candidate fetal cells flow sorted on the basis of parental HLA disparity. Metaphases showing 46,XY or aneuploidy and concordant with prenatal diagnostic studies (i.e., amniocentesis, chorionic villus sampling) would presumably be fetal in origin. Blood samples were obtained from 78 pregnant women and their partners. Among 18 HLA informative cases in which metaphases were recovered, 15 involved fetuses that were 46,XY or aneuploid. From these 15 cases, 2,483 metaphases were analyzed. All metaphases were 46,XX. Cytogenetic analysis of flow-sorted fetal cells thus probably will need to emphasize not metaphase analysis but in situ hybridization with chromosome-specific probes.
Myocardial Hypertrophy Overrides the Angiogenic Response to Hypoxia (2008)

The participation of HIF-2alpha and VEGFR-2 appear to be required for hypoxia-stimulated myocardial angiogenesis. In infant rabbit hearts with pressure overload hypertrophy, this pro-angiogenic response to hypoxia is effectively uncoupled, apparently in part due to altered HIF-mediated signaling and VEGFR subtype expression.
Effects of Electric Circulation on the Energy Efficiency of the Power Split e-CVT Hybrid Systems (2018)

This paper aims at investigating the fundamental characteristics of energy efficiency for power split electronic-continuously-variable-transmission (e-CVT) hybrid systems under the operation of electric circulation, i.e., circulating part of the engine power through the generator and motor in form of electric energy to improve system efficiency as well as perform the continuously-variable-transmission (CVT) functionality. The relations of kinematics and energy conservation for each power component are constructed and analyzed to classify how the operating points of the engine in term of torque and rotational speed may vary under different degrees of electric circulation indicated by a parameter called ratio of circulating power. Thereby, power split e-CVT hybrid systems can be classified into three types: upward circulation, downward circulation, and neutral circulation. Accordingly, two power split e-CVT hybrid systems, one of input split type and the other of output split type, are selected to be analyzed regarding their operating characteristics and simulated on their performances of energy efficiency. As a result, the former is a type of downward circulation in favor of driving at low speed and high driving load, while the latter is a type of upward circulation with an advantage of driving at high speed and low driving load. Thereby, applying this analysis to investigate the effects of electric circulation on power split e-CVT systems may help the developers implement suitable energy management and control strategy in accordance with their corresponding operating characteristics of energy efficiency.
[Mobile neurinoma of the cauda equina; a case report]. (1991)

A case of mobile tumor of the cauda equina was presented with a brief review of factors relating to the mobility. A 66-year-old man was admitted to our hospital complaining of left lumbago aggravated by coughing or assuming the supine position. However, neurological examination failed to reveal any abnormalities. The initial myelography showed complete obstruction above the superior border of the L1 vertebra, while the second myelography showed the same obstruction, but it had moved upwards to the superior border of T12. Surgery revealed an elastic, soft tumor and cystic dilatation of the subarachnoid space above and below the tumor. The tumor was mobile but originated from a single elongated and tortuous nerve of the cauda equina. Pathologic examination revealed neurinoma.
Nondestructive Evaluation of Interfaces in Bonded Silicon-on-Insulator Structures Using the Picosecond Ultrasonics Technique (1999)

Picosecond ultrasonic techniques were used to generate and detect acoustic pulses in bonded silicon‐on‐insulator structures. By simulating the shapes and amplitudes of the acoustic echoes reflected from the interfaces, we can characterize the physical properties of the interfaces. We have observed that via a further thermal annealing process one can change the interface quality of a poorly bonded structure. ©1998 The Electrochemical Society
Power architecture of a high-voltage dielectrophoresis-based contactless cleaning system for solar panels (2017)

The efficiency of PV systems is significantly reduced due to the accumulation of dust on the surface of the panels in arid regions. This study presents a brief survey of existing panel-cleaning methods followed by the implementation of a cleaning system based on high-voltage dielectrophoresis (DEP). Using a DEP approach allows for a low-cost, power-efficient cleaning mechanism without the need for contact with the panel surface. The design of a high step-up ratio power electronics architecture to induce DEP is described along with several custom electrode patterns. Several key design parameters are also optimized by sweeping operating voltage, frequency, and solar panel tilt; and observing the effect on dust removal. Using the most effective electrode pattern, the designed system can remove up to 80% of the dust on the electrode surface in under 20 s. When operated with an air gap between the electrode pattern and the dust, the system is also capable of cleaning the accumulated dust.
T lymphocytes need IL-7 but not IL-4 or IL-6 to survive in vivo (2001)

The role of IL-4, -6 and -7 in the survival of T lymphocytes was studied in vivo. The decay of polyclonal populations of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells was monitored in thymectomized anti-cytokine receptor mAb-treated and/or cytokine-deficient mice. The lack of IL-4 or -6 did not have any detectable effect on T cell survival, but IL-7 played an important role in the survival of the naive T cell compartment, especially of naive CD4(+) T cells.
Stereoscopic Depth Movement: Two Eyes Less Sensitive than One (1971)

Visual sensitivity to stimuli with sinusoidal movement was examined under a number of conditions of binocular stimulation. Sensitivity to stereoscopic movement in depth was reduced in comparison to that for monocular movement. The reduced sensitivity appeared to be due to the presence of stereoscopic depth movement, as opposed to stereoscopic stimulation, binocular movement, or fusion of the images.
Scientists in conference : the congress organizer's handbook : the congress visitor's companion (1987)

Motivation Planning the Scientific Meeting The Profile of the Organizer The Congress Date The Congress Locality The Program Committee and Its Program The Announcement Proceedings_or Abstracts Local Organization The Congress at Work Financing Matters Playing the Publicity Piano Some Words from Squire Knigge A Few Words in Closing Bibliography Postface Check List Index.
Plant Sterols Cause Macrothrombocytopenia in a Mouse Model of Sitosterolemia (2007)

Mutations in either ABCG5 or ABCG8 cause sitosterolemia, an inborn error of metabolism characterized by high plasma plant sterol concentrations. Recently, macrothrombocytopenia was described in a number of sitosterolemia patients, linking hematological dysfunction to disturbed sterol metabolism. Here, we demonstrate that macrothrombocytopenia is an intrinsic feature of murine sitosterolemia. Abcg5-deficient (Abcg5(-/-)) mice showed a 68% reduction in platelet count, and platelets were enlarged compared with wild-type controls. Macrothrombocytopenia was not due to decreased numbers of megakaryocytes or their progenitors, but defective megakaryocyte development with deterioration of the demarcation membrane system was evident. Lethally irradiated wild-type mice transplanted with bone marrow from Abcg5(-/-) mice displayed normal platelets, whereas Abcg5(-/-) mice transplanted with wild-type bone marrow still showed macrothrombocytopenia. Treatment with the sterol absorption inhibitor ezetimibe rapidly reversed macrothrombocytopenia in Abcg5(-/-) mice concomitant with a strong decrease in plasma plant sterols. Thus, accumulation of plant sterols is responsible for development of macrothrombocytopenia in sitosterolemia, and blocking intestinal plant sterol absorption provides an effective means of treatment.
ChemInform Abstract: Facial‐Selective Allylation of Methyl Ketones for the Asymmetric Synthesis of α‐Substituted Tertiary Homoallylic Ethers. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Direct Broadcast Satellite Receiver System with Optical Distribution Network (1986)

With recent developments in fiber optic communications and optical distribution networks, short haul optical communications becomes an economical alternative to conventional cable TV systems. This paper presents a system design for a direct broadcast satellite receiver system with a fiber optic distribution network based on the reception of Ku-band signals from ANIK C2, a Canadian direct broadcast satellite. Such a system is proposed for the first time and can address small communities in remote areas. Theoretical power budget calculations predict that 37 subscribers can access 128 television channels using a 3ft. reflector dish antenna. To implement such a design, a number of components that are not commercially available are custom designed.
Bistability of Electro-Optic Effects in Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals (1987)

New type of bistable electro optic effects utilizing the transition between winding and unwinding states of helicoidal structure of the ferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystals with large spontaneous polarization are studied. One effect uses the anomalous voltage-transmission hysteresis, and another effect uses the anomalous temperature-transmission hysteresis due to the balance between the forces of the chirality and the wall effect. In these effects the fast switching response is realized, and the special surface treatment and the optical polarizers are not required.
Design, Structure, and Optical Properties of Organic−Inorganic Perovskites Containing an Oligothiophene Chromophore (1999)

A quaterthiophene derivative, 5,5' "-bis(aminoethyl)-2,2':5',2' ':5' ',2' "-quaterthiophene (AEQT), has been selected for incorporation within the layered organic-inorganic perovskite structure. In addition to having an appropriate molecular shape and two tethering aminoethyl groups to bond to the inorganic framework, AEQT is also a dye and can influence the optical properties of lead(II) halide-based perovskites. Crystals of C(20)H(22)S(4)N(2)PbBr(4) were grown from a slowly cooled aqueous solution containing lead(II) bromide and quaterthiophene derivative (AEQT.2HBr) salts. The new layered perovskite adopts a monoclinic (C2/c) subcell with the lattice parameters a = 39.741(2) Å, b = 5.8420(3) Å, c = 11.5734(6) Å, beta = 92.360(1) degrees, and Z = 4. Broad superstructure peaks are observed in the X-ray diffraction data, indicative of a poorly ordered, doubled supercell along both the a and b axes. The quaterthiophene segment of AEQT(2+) is nearly planar, with a syn-anti-syn relationship between adjacent thiophene rings. Each quaterthiophene chromophore is ordered between nearest-neighbor lead(II) bromide sheets in a herringbone arrangement with respect to neighboring quaterthiophenes. Room temperature optical absorption spectra for thermally ablated films of the perovskites (AEQT)PbX(4) (X = Cl, Br, I) exhibit an exciton peak arising from the lead(II) halide sheets, along with absorption from the quaterthiophene moiety. No evidence of the inorganic sheet excitonic transition is observed in the photoluminescence spectra for any of the chromophore-containing perovskites. However, strong quaterthiophene photoluminescence is observed for X = Cl, with an emission peak at approximately lambda(max) = 532 nm. Similar photoluminescence is observed for the X = Br and I materials, but with substantial quenching, as the inorganic layer band gap decreases relative to the chromophore HOMO-LUMO gap.
Photolytic hydration of cyanamides (1968)

N-Cyanopiperidines (1 and 2) have been shown to possess a n → π* transition band in the vicinity of 260 mμ and, in the presence of a dilute acid, undergo photolytic reactions leading to hydration products (3 and 4). The fact that the reaction can be sensitized by acetophenone demonstrates that 1 reacts through a triplet state. E T is about 76 kcal/mole. Increasing the water content in the photolysis medium reduced the yield of the hydration product.
THE EFFECT OF SCHMIDT NUMBER ON THE FARADAIC IMPEDANCE (1988)

Frequency-response results, as calculated by the Stefan-Maxwell macroscopic impedance model, are presented for a copper rotating disk in chloride solutions.The working algorithm uses concentrated-solution theory and accounts for multicomponent diffusion, migration, and homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions, as well as a finite Schmidt number and interfacial velocity.The validity of the general program was checked by comparing the concentrated-solution model in the limit of dilute solutions, excess of supporting electrolyte, and infinite Schmidt number to known analytic solutions.Excellent agreement was obtained.Results for copper dissolution are plotted in various forms, enabling additional information about the given electrochemical system to be obtained.Specifically, the effect of the Schmidt number on the frequencyresponse of the faradaic impedance has been examined.Finally, a new way of plotting the dimensionless convective-diffusion impedance is proposed to reduce the Schmidt number dependence of the frequency response nearly to one curve by stretching the abscissa using ( wf0.)Sc 1 1 3 .
Opportunities and challenges in advanced biofuel production: the importance of synthetic biology and combustion science (2010)

Keywords:: combustion sciencefungible biofuelslignocellulosic biomassmetabolic engineeringsecond-generation biofuelssynthetic biology
Analyzing near infrared scattering from human skin to monitor changes in hematocrit (2012)

The leading preventable cause of death, world-wide, civilian or military, for all people between the ages of 18-45 is undetected internal hemorrhage. Autonomic compensation mechanisms mask changes such as e.g. hematocrit fluctuations that could give early warning if only they could be monitored continuously with reasonable degrees of precision and relative accuracy. Probing tissue with near infrared radiation (NIR) simultaneously produces remitted fluorescence and Raman scattering (IE) plus Rayleigh/Mie light scattering (EE) that noninvasively give chemical and physical information about the materials and objects within. We model tissue as a three-phase system: plasma and red blood cell (RBC) phases that are mobile and a static tissue phase. In vivo, any volume of tissue naturally experiences spatial and temporal fluctuations of blood plasma and RBC content. Plasma and RBC fractions may be discriminated from each other on the basis of their physical, chemical and optical properties. Thus IE and EE from NIR probing yield information about these fractions. Assuming there is no void volume in viable tissue, or that void volume is constant, changes in plasma and RBC volume fractions may be calculated from simultaneous measurements of the two observables, EE and IE. In a previously published analysis we showed the underlying phenomenology but did not provide an algorithm for calculating volume fractions from experimental data. Here we present a simple analysis that allows continuous monitoring of fluid fraction and hematocrit (Hct) changes by measuring IE and EE, and apply it to some experimental in vivo measurements.
Bijzondere prothetische aspecten (2001)

Het plaatsen van een nieuwe gebitsprothese is, zoals in hoofdstuk 11 al is opgemerkt, voor de patiënt het spannendste moment van de behandeling. Hij moet ervaren hoe zijn uiterlijk zal zijn met zijn gebitsprothese, hoe deze aanvoelt, hoe het eten zal gaan, wat de omgeving zal zeggen, enzovoort. De ervaringen met de oude gebitsprothese liggen nog vers in het geheugen en de verwachtingen zijn veelal hooggespannen. Vooral in de eerste dagen speelt zich het proces af dat uiteindelijk zal bepalen of de patiënt al dan niet tevreden zal zijn met zijn nieuwe kunstgebit.
Vector lattice model for stresses in granular materials (2000)

A vector lattice model for stresses in granular materials is proposed. A two-dimensional pile built by pouring from a point is constructed numerically according to this model. Remarkably, the pile violates the Mohr Coulomb stability criterion for granular matter, probably because of the inherent anisotropy of such poured piles. The numerical results are also compared to the earlier continuum fixed principal axes model and the (scalar) lattice q-model.