gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Total synthesis of (.+-.)-maytansinol. The common precursor to the maytansinoids (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal synthesis of (.+-.)-maytansinol. The common precursor to the maytansinoidsA. I. Meyers, Paul J. Reider, and Arthur L. CampbellCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 21, 6597–6598Publication Date (Print):October 8, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 8 October 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00541a054https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00541a054research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views329Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Anti-beta2-glycoprotein I antibodies in children with atopic dermatitis (2002)

beta(2)-Glycoprotein I (beta(2)GPI) appears to be the major antigen for antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). In early infancy, virtually all children initiate transient immune response to non-pathogenic nutritional antigens, which fails to terminate in children with atopic diseases. To examine the possibility that a prolonged immune response to beta(2)GPI could also spread to the human protein, antibodies against human beta(2)GPI (anti-beta(2)GPI) were determined in 93 randomly selected children with different allergic diseases. A high frequency (42%) of IgG anti-beta(2)GPI was found in children with atopic dermatitis (AD), but not in those with other allergic diseases. Anti-beta(2)GPI in children with AD were exclusively of the IgG1 subclass and bound to bovine beta(2)GPI as well, but not to either beta(2)GPI combined with the phospholipid cardiolipin. The epitopes were identified in domain V of beta(2)GPI and the antibody binding was abolished upon the specific proteolytic cleavage of the phospholipid-binding C-terminal loop in domain V of beta(2)GPI. These results indicated that the epitopes for anti-beta(2)GPI in children with AD most likely resided in close vicinity of the phospholipid-binding site of beta(2)GPI. The epitopic difference from anti-beta(2)GPI in APS may explain presumed non-thrombogenicity of anti-beta(2)GPI in children with AD.
Endocrine Disruptors (2004)

Effect on Female Reproductive System. Nontraditional Sites of Endocrine Disruption by Chemicals on the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis: Interactions with Steroid Membrane Receptors, Monoaminergic Pathways and Signal Transduction Systems. Diethylstilbestrol (DES) and Environmental Estrogens Influences the Developing Female Reproductive System. Ovotoxic Environmental Chemicals: Indirect Endocrine Disruptors. Dietary Phytoestrogens. Estrogens, Xenoestrogens, and the Development of Neoplasms. Differential Regulation of Gene Expression by Estrogenic Ligands: A Potential Basis for the Toxicity of Environmental Estrogens. 2, 3, 7, 8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and Related Environmental Antiestrogens: Characterization and Mechanism of Action. Effect on Male Reproductive System. Endocrine Disruptors and Male Infertility. Environmental Antiandrogens as Endocrine Disrupters. Endocrine Disruptors and Sexual Dysfunction. The Role of Natural and Manmade Estrogens in Prostate Development. Metal Ions and Prostate Cancer
Real-time virtual Doppler ultrasound (2004)

Doppler ultrasound (DUS) is widely used to diagnose and plan treatments for vascular diseases, but the relationship between complex blood flow dynamics and the observed DUS signal is not completely understood. In this paper, we demonstrate that Doppler ultrasound can be realistically simulated in a real-time manner via the coupling of a known, previously computed velocity field with a simple model of the ultrasound physics. In the present case a 3D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of physiologically pulsatile flow a stenosed carotid bifurcation was interrogated using a sample volume of known geometry and power distribution. Velocity vectors at points within the sample volume were interpolated using a fast geometric search algorithm and, using the specified US probe characteristics and orientation, converted into Doppler shifts for subsequent display as a Doppler spectrogram or color DUS image. The important effect of the intrinsic spectral broadening was simulated by convolving the velocity at each point within the sample volume by a triangle function whose width was proportional to velocity. A spherical sample volume with a Gaussian power distribution was found to be adequate for producing realistic Doppler spectrogram in regions of uniform, jet, and recirculation flow. Fewer than 1000 points seeded uniformly within a radius comprising more than 99% of the total power were required, allowing spectra to be generated from high resolution CFD data at 100Hz frame rates on an inexpensive desktop workstation.
ASSOCIATION OF MUSCLE STRENGTH WITH MAXIMUM WALKING SPEED IN DISABLED OLDER WOMEN1 (1998)

Our aim was to study the association of lower limb strength with maximum walking speed in disabled older women and to try to detect the reserve capacity threshold for maximum walking speed and the minimum strength required for walking at a speed of 1.22 m x s(-1), which is required in crossing signaled intersections. The data are from the baseline of Women's Health and Aging Study, a population-based study on causes and course of disability. Altogether, 1,002 disabled women participated in the tests, which took place at their homes. Maximum isometric hip flexion and knee extension forces were measured on both sides using a handheld dynamometer. For analytic purposes, knee extension torque/body mass ratio (KET/BM) was calculated. Maximum walking speed was measured with a stopwatch during a 4-m walk. KET/BM had a significant effect on walking speed after controlling for number of chronic conditions, balance, use of walking aid, joint pain, age, and body height and mass. A total of 42.3% of the variation in maximum walking speed was explained by these variables. The cumulative percentage distribution of KET/BM of those able to attain a maximum walking speed of 1.22 m x s(-1) (n = 148) was flat to the level of 1.1 N x m x kg(-1), after which it turned upward, indicating that the probability of attaining 1.22 m x s(-1) started to increase after that level. By using segmented linear regression analysis, 2.3 N x m x kg(-1) was found to be the cutoff point beyond which an increase in KET/BM did not correspond to an increase in maximum walking speed. Muscle strength was positively but not linearly associated with maximum walking speed. Strength testing may help to identify people close to functional thresholds and, thus, at risk of impaired walking, who would benefit most from strengthening exercises.
Evidence for restriction of fluid and solute movement across the glomerular capillary wall by the subpodocyte space (2007)

The glomerular filtration barrier (GFB) is generally considered to consist of three layers: fenestrated glomerular endothelium, glomerular basement membrane, and filtration slits between adjacent podocyte foot processes. Detailed anatomic examination of the GFB has revealed a novel abluminal structure, the subpodocyte space (SPS), identified as the labyrinthine space between the underside of podocyte cell body/primary processes and the foot processes. The SPS covers 50-65% of the filtration surface of the GFB, indicating that SPS may influence glomerular permeability. We have examined the contribution of the SPS to the permeability characteristics of the GFB using multiphoton microscopy techniques in isolated, perfused glomeruli and in the intact kidney in vivo. SPS were identified using this technique, with comparable dimensions to SPS examined with electron microscopy. The passage of the intermediate-weight molecule rhodamine-conjugated 10-kDa dextran, but not the low-weight molecule lucifer yellow ( approximately 450 Da), accumulated in SPS-covered regions of the GFB, compared with GFB regions not covered by SPS ("naked regions"). Net lucifer yellow flux (taken to indicate fluid flux) through identifiable SPS regions was calculated to be 66-75% of that occurring through naked regions. These observations indicate both ultrafiltration and hydraulic resistance imparted by the SPS, demonstrating the potential physiological contribution of the SPS to glomerular permeability.
Analysis and Evaluation of the TOPSAR Topographic SAR Interferometer (1993)

Across-track interferometric SAR provides high resolution both horizontally and vertically which is of importance to topographic mapping applications.
Electrical, optical and spectroscopic characterisation of a radio frequency discharge used for electrosurgical cutting (2017)

Electric scalpels are used for cutting of biological tissue, for example, for resection of tumour tissue in surgery. During the electrosurgical procedure a plasma is ignited in a gap between the electric scalpel and the tissue. In this study, the plasma operated on porcine kidney and a tissue substitute (cellulose impregnated with isotonic saline) is characterised by means of voltage‐current measurements, microphotography, optical emission spectroscopy and numerical simulation. The molecular emission of nitrogen is used for the determination of the gas temperature and the reduced electric field. The electron density is determined using the measured electric current density.
A New Method for the Synthesis of H<sub>4</sub>-BINOL (2008)

A method amenable to the gram scale synthesis of (R)-H 4-BINOL, a derivative of (R)-BINOL and ligand of interest in asymmetric catalysis, is described. The key step is the net partial hydrogenation of (R)-BINOL made possible by prior bis-etherification of the parent BINOL.
Isolation of Nuclear-Pore Complexes from Triton X-100-Extracted Rat Liver Nuclear Envelope (1979)

Conference Article| October 01 1979 Isolation of Nuclear-Pore Complexes from Triton X-100-Extracted Rat Liver Nuclear Envelope PETER MARSHALL; PETER MARSHALL 1Biomembrane Unit, Division of Biochemistry, North East London Polytechnic, Romford Road, London E15 4LZ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar JAMES R. HARRIS JAMES R. HARRIS 1Biomembrane Unit, Division of Biochemistry, North East London Polytechnic, Romford Road, London E15 4LZ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1979) 7 (5): 928–929. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0070928 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation PETER MARSHALL, JAMES R. HARRIS; Isolation of Nuclear-Pore Complexes from Triton X-100-Extracted Rat Liver Nuclear Envelope. Biochem Soc Trans 1 October 1979; 7 (5): 928–929. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0070928 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1979 Biochemical Society1979 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Carbohydrate Metabolic Studies After Six Cycles of Combined Type Oral Contraceptive Tablets: Measurement of Plasma Insulin and Blood Glucose Levels (1967)

Thirty-two normal subjects were studied before and at the end of six cycles of treatment with a combined type of oral contraceptive. The tests involved measurement of blood glucose and plasma insulin levels during an intravenous glucose tolerance test. It was found that the mean blood glucose values were not different in the two groups. There was elevation in the plasma insulin levels in the drug treated group, but the degree of elevation could not be correlated with either familial history of diabetes mellitus or subject's weight change while taking the drug.
Lock-in technique for precise measurement of ion distribution functions (2021)

Abstract Retarding field energy analyzers are commonly used for the experimental determination of the distribution of ions. Measurements require taking the first derivative of the measured current with respect to the retarding voltage, which limits the accuracy of the results. Here a commercial energy analyzer is combined with a lock-in detection and AC modulation technique to obtain ion distribution functions with an improved dynamic range. The technical realization of the method together with its theoretical motivation are presented. The various challenges for implementing the technique and ways to address them are given. The energy resolution of the method is discussed based on the concept of transfer functions, and the influence of the various adjustable parameters (grid bias voltages, frequency and amplitude of the modulation signal) on the obtained results are studied. The application of the method to an inductive discharge readily shows a dynamic range of more than three orders of magnitude. This dynamic range provides information on additional plasma parameters, such as the potential and the plasma density at the sheath edge and in the center of the discharge. Possibilities for further improvement of the technique are discussed.
Fumonisin production and other traits of Fusarium moniliforme strains from maize in northeast Mexico (1994)

Strains of Fusarium moniliforme from maize seed collected in four fields in northeast Mexico were tested for fumonisin production in culture, for sexual compatibility, and for vegetative compatibility by using non-nitrate-utilizing mutants. The test results indicate that a diverse population of fumonisin-producing strains of F. moniliforme (Gibberella fujikuroi) mating population A predominates and that a potential exists for production of fumonisins in Mexican maize.
Mechanically gated channel activity in cytoskeleton‐deficient plasma membrane blebs and vesicles from <i>Xenopus</i> oocytes (2000)

1. A novel technique involving hypertonic stress causes membrane 'blebbing' of the Xenopus oocyte and the shedding of plasma membrane vesicles (PMVs). 2. Confocal fluorescence microscopy, immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy indicate that blebs and PMVs lack cortical cytoskeleton and are deficient in cytoskeleton proteins and devoid of microvilli. 3. Patch recordings from PMVs consistently reveal mechanically gated (MG) channel activity. The MG channels display the same single-channel conductance as control recordings but differ in terms of reduced mechanosensitivity and adaptation to sustained stimulation. 4. Whole PMV recordings show rapid and reversible activation of mechanosensitive currents in response to pressure pulses. The maximal currents activated in PMVs are consistent with MG channel activity recorded in patches. 5. The discrepancy between MG channel activity recorded in whole PMVs and oocytes most probably reflects their different membrane geometry and ability to develop activating bilayer tensions. 6. We propose that membrane blebbing, which is known to occur under specific physiological and pathological conditions (e.g. mitosis and apoptosis), may increase mechanosensitivity independently of the intrinsic properties of membrane proteins.
One-Year Clinical Outcomes of Preloaded Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty Versus Non-Preloaded Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (2020)

One-year clinical outcomes were similar between pDMEK and n-pDMEK procedures, rendering eye bank-prepared pDMEK tissues a useful tool in the treatment of endothelial dysfunction.
14.7 A Modular Hybrid LDO with Fast Load-Transient Response and Programmable PSRR in 14nm CMOS Featuring Dynamic Clamp Tuning and Time-Constant Compensation (2019)

Complex SoCs in scaled CMOS processes integrate a large variety of digital, SRAM and noise-sensitive mixed-signal/analog circuit blocks such as PLLs, wireline/wireless/RF transceivers, sensor front-ends, etc. The on-die low-dropout regulators (LDO) used for fine-grain DVFS of digital and memory blocks must respond fast to large load transients to minimize voltage droops/overshoots without using large decoupling caps, while minimizing power overheads over a wide operating range. The noise-sensitive analog circuits, on the other hand, need LDOs that provide sufficiently high power supply rejection (PSR) and minimal output voltage ripple, while maximizing current efficiency. Fast and scalable digital (DLDO) [1], analog-assisted digital (AA-DLDO) [2]-[3] and hybrid (HLDO) [4] analog-digital LDOs targeted for digital and memory blocks, as well as high-PSRR analog LDOs (ALDO) [5] optimized specifically for analog circuits have been recently reported.
Avoiding transcription factor competition at promoter level increases the chances of obtaining oscillation (2010)

In comparison with non-competitive binding at promoters, competition drastically reduces the region of the parameters space characterized by oscillatory solutions. Moreover, while competition leads to pulse-like oscillations with long-tail distribution in period and amplitude for various parameters or noisy conditions, the non-competitive scenario shows a characteristic frequency and confined amplitude values. Our study also situates the competition mechanism in the context of existing genetic oscillators, with emphasis on the Atkinson oscillator.
Natural Killer T Cells Are Involved in Adipose Tissues Inflammation and Glucose Intolerance in Diet-Induced Obese Mice (2009)

NKT cells play a crucial role in the development of adipose tissue inflammation and glucose intolerance in diet-induced obesity.
Form IA rbcL transcripts associated with a low salinity/high chlorophyll plume ('Green River') in the eastern Gulf of Mexico (2000)

Coastal plumes of low salinity water that extend hundreds of kilometers offshore into oligotrophic waters are often found in the Gulf of Mexico. To characterize one such feature, a series of photoautotrophic activity and biomass parameters were measured at 2 stations in the eastern Gulf of Mexico, including pigments by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), autotrophic picoplankton abundance by flow cytometry, photoautotrophic I4C-HC03-fixation, and Ribulose-1,5-&phosphate carboxylase large subunit gene (rbcL) transcriptional activity. One sampling site (Stn 4) was in a 15 m deep, low salinity (29.8 ppt) plume 242 km west of Tampa Bay. This feature contained relatively high chlorophyll a (chl a) concentrations, carbon fixation rates, and Synechococcus cell abundance (8.6 X 104 cells rnl-l) at 3 m depth and a relatively shallow (45 m depth) subsurface chlorophyll a maximum (SCM). We also found a high level (1.1 ng I-') of Form IA rbcL mRNA in the surface water as determined by probing with a 1.1 kb Synechococcus WH7803 rbcL probe. Form 1A rbcLs have been found to occur malnly in chemosynthetic autotrophic bacteria but have recently been described in Synechococcus WH7803 as well as in Prochlorococcus GP2. In contrast, a nearby station outside of the plume (Stn 7) had a SCM at 83 m, lower chl a, Synechococcus cell counts, and carbon fixation rates in the surface waters. The amount of Form IA rbcL was only about 3 % of the concentration found in the surface waters of Stn 4. Both stations had an abundance of Prochlorococcus cells (>105 rnl-') at intermediate depths (20 to 70 m). The picoeucaryote community occurred principally below the Prochlorococcus community, coinciding with the SCM, and was composed of diatoms, pryrnnesiophytes, and pelagophytes as determined by HPLC pigment analysis. This report represents the first description of Form IA rbcL transcriptional activity in the marine environment, and indicates that Form 1A rbcLcontaining picoplankton (like Prochlorococcus GP2 and Synechococcus WH7803) may be important in the primary production of low salinity, surface water plumes of the Gulf of Mexico.
Consumption of pomegranates improves synaptic function in a transgenic mice model of Alzheimer's disease (2016)

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by extracellular plaques containing abnormal Amyloid Beta (Aβ) aggregates, intracellular neurofibrillary tangles containing hyperphosphorylated tau protein, microglia-dominated neuroinflammation, and impairments in synaptic plasticity underlying cognitive deficits. Therapeutic strategies for the treatment of AD are currently limited. In this study, we investigated the effects of dietary supplementation of 4% pomegranate extract to a standard chow diet on neuroinflammation, and synaptic plasticity in APPsw/Tg2576 mice brain. Treatment with a custom mixed diet (pellets) containing 4% pomegranate for 15 months ameliorated the loss of synaptic structure proteins, namely PSD-95, Munc18-1, and SNAP25, synaptophysin, phosphorylation of Calcium/Calmodulin Dependent Protein Kinase IIα (p-CaMKIIα/ CaMKIIα), and phosphorylation of Cyclic AMP-Response Element Binding Protein (pCREB/CREB), inhibited neuroinflammatory activity, and enhanced autophagy, and activation of the phophoinositide-3-kinase-Akt-mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway. These neuroprotective effects were associated with reduced β-site cleavage of Amyloid Precursor Protein in APPsw/Tg2576 mice. Therefore, long-term supplementation with pomegranates can attenuate AD pathology by reducing inflammation, and altering APP-dependent processes.
Towards scalable virtuality in C++ (2008)

Abstract This article describes a programming technique that allows a size reduction of C++ objects by designing classes in a particular way. In order to reduce the size of the objects to the extreme, a technique to simulate runtime polymorphism and avoid the addition of the implicit virtual pointer is presented. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.