gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vitamin D and the occurrence of depression: causal association or circumstantial evidence? (2009)

While recent laboratory-based studies have substantially advanced our understanding of the action of vitamin D in the brain, much is still unknown concerning how vitamin D relates to mood. The few epidemiological studies of vitamin D and depression have produced inconsistent results and generally have had substantial methodological limitations. Recent findings from a randomized trial suggest that high doses of supplemental vitamin D may improve mild depressive symptoms, but important questions persist concerning how vitamin D may affect monoamine function and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis response to stress, whether vitamin D supplementation can improve mood in individuals with moderate-to-severe depression, and whether vitamin D sufficiency is protective against incident depression and recurrence. At this time, it is premature to conclude that vitamin D status is related to the occurrence of depression. Additional prospective studies of this relationship are essential.
Analytical solutions to the simplified spherical harmonics equations using eigen decompositions (2013)

We develop a modified method to simplify the analytical solutions to the simplified spherical harmonics equations (SP(N)). The scheme decouples the SP(N) partial differential equations into independent equations using eigen decompositions and calculates the Green's function of the photon migrations based on the eigenvectors and eigenvalues. In contrast to the established solutions that are based on the original coupled equations, the proposed derivation is theoretically concise and universally extendable to other regular geometries. We validate the proposed method in comparison with Monte-Carlo simulations for an infinite scattering medium and a circular geometry as an example of the boundary value problems.
Berechnung elektrischer Felder in biologischen Geweben auf der Basis von klassifizierten NMR-Bilddaten. Computing of Electric Fields in Biological Tissues on the Basis of Classified NMR Images. (1987)

Article Berechnung elektrischer Felder in biologischen Geweben auf der Basis von klassifizierten NMR-Bilddaten. Computing of Electric Fields in Biological Tissues on the Basis of Classified NMR Images. was published on January 1, 1987 in the journal Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik (volume 32, issue 11).
Histopathological characteristics of small diameter melanocytic naevi (2003)

There is a discrepancy between histological and clinically defined atypical naevi. The same generally accepted criteria for the histological diagnosis of atypical naevi should be used for small melanocytic naevi in addition to large ones. Thus, small naevi exhibiting atypical features on histological examination should be categorised as atypical naevi, regardless of their small diameter.
Highly stable nanofluid based on polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane-decorated graphene oxide nanosheets and its enhanced electro-responsive behavior (2016)

Graphene oxide (GO) shows potential as an anisotropic nanofiller or a dispersed phase of electro-responsive electrorheological (ER) nanofluid due to its small size and high aspect ratio. But it is difficult to disperse GO in non-polar oil due to the hydrophilic nature of GO and thus the resulting fluid is often subject to dispersion instability and low ER effect. These disadvantages largely limit the real application of GO-based ER nanofluid. In this paper, we develop the polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)-decorated GO (POSS-GO) nanosheets and demonstrate that decorating with POSS overcomes the dispersion instability of GO in silicone oil and enhances the ER effect. The morphology and structure of samples are characterized by atomic force microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and x-ray photoelectronic spectroscopy. The results show that the POSS-GO nanosheets are ultrathin with ∼3 nm thickness and have good compatibility with silicone oil and, as a result, the nanofluid of POSS-GO nanosheets in silicone oil shows high dispersion stability. After standing for one year at room temperature, no sedimentation occurs. Under an external electric field, the ER efficiency of the POSS-GO nanofluid is ten times as high as that of the pure GO fluid. This enhanced electro-responsive behavior is related to the fact that decorating with POSS partly reduces the GO and compresses the dielectrophoretic effect of the negatively charged pure GO fluid.
Consumption, Commodity, and Culture (1999)

One of the goals of feminism over the decades has been to create the new women, those who construct themselves independently of others. The plural is significant as a means of escaping from monolithic modernist definitions of the feminine and, thus, the female. The hope may be that women-and men-may finally find a cultural landscape that allows multiple constitutions of experience and being. In modernity, the assignment of the feminine to the sphere of consumption, in the private domain, has definitely played an important role in shaping the lives of women. A stream of new scholarship documents and assesses the links between gender and production/consumption. Two recent books that collect such scholarship are His and Hers: Gender, Consumption, and Technology, edited by Roger Horowitz and Arwen Mohun, and The Material Culture of Gender, The Gender of Material Culture, edited by Katherine Martinez and Kenneth L. Ames. The essays collected in these volumes represent a good cross-section of studies that examine the history of women's roles in relation to the marketplace, women's relationships with objects of consumption, and women's experiences with some products of their own labor, such as art and crafts. His and Hers is a collection of eight essays following an introduction by the editors. A sampling of the contents will give a sense of the aims of the
Pro Tools 10 Advanced Music Production Techniques (2012)

PRO TOOLS 10 ADVANCED MUSIC PRODUCTION TECHNIQUES is the official Avid Learning Series Expert Level guide to the advanced operation of Pro Tools in a professional music production environment. It includes technical insight into both Pro Tools HD and HDX hardware and software, common workflows, and advanced editing and mixing topics. The materials on the supplemental DVD--sample sessions and source files used in the book's many exercises and projects--help to reinforce the skills being learned. Whether you're learning on your own or pursuing formal Pro Tools certification through an Avid Learning Partner, PRO TOOLS 10 ADVANCED MUSIC PRODUCTION TECHNIQUES will help you achieve expert-level mastery of Pro Tools. PRO TOOLS 10 ADVANCED MUSIC PRODUCTION TECHNIQUES (Course 310M) is part of the Avid Learning Series. This course leads to expert-level certification. To find more books on Pro Tools, Media Composer, Sibelius, or any other Avid product, visit www.courseptr.com/avid.
Studies of the Adaptation Phenomenon by Lambs Fed Urea as the Sole Nitrogen Source: Digestibility and Nutrient Balance (1971)

When urea is first introduced into the diet of ruminants performance is usually less than for animals fed only preformed protein. The lower performance of fattening cattle fed urea as a source of supplemental nitrogen may be due to the lower performance during the first part of the period (Meiske and Goodrich, 1966; Terry et al., 1967). The adaptation phenomenon has been shown to occur in dairy cows fed virtually 100% nonprotein nitrogen (Virtanen, 1966). In lambs fed semi-purified diets maximum urea nitrogen utilization occurred after 35 days (Welch et al., 1957). Retention of absorbed nitrogen increased by about 0.2 to 0.3 percentage unit per day up to 50 days (Smith et al., 1960; McLaren et al., 1965) in lambs fed diets containing 1.7% nitrogen, two-thirds of which was supplied by urea. In experiments with cattle fed natural diets high in crude protein content no evidence of adaptation to urea feeding was observed (Johnson and McClure. 1964; Oltjen et al., 1969).
Environmental Considerations in Federal Oil and Gas Leasing on Outer Continental Shelf (1979)

The Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) Amendments give the Federal government a new tool with which to avoid environmental damage by providing for the cancellation of leases. Following the case of Alaska vs Andrus, in which the Department of Interior's environmental impact statement is challenged, the US Court of Appeals, feeling that an agency should thoroughly assess the costs and benefits of proceeding without further environmental data, strengthened the effects of the National Environmental Policy Act's (NEPA) review procedures. The court also provided agencies with badly needed guidelines for OCS land management.
A Design Methodology for Hybrid Carry-Lookahead/Carry-Select Adders with Reconfigurability (2005)

This paper presents a design methodology of reconfigurable hybrid carry lookahead/carry select adders (CLSA). A novel partition scheme is used to divide a large hybrid CLSA into multiple small ones with blocking specific inputs of the carry lookahead unit in the hybrid CLSA. The partition scheme incurs no delay penalty regardless of the size of adders. Moreover, the additional area cost is very small. For example, a reconfigurable 16-bit hybrid CLSA with four different partition configurations needs additional 6 two-input AND gates and three two-input multiplexers. Simulation results show that the delay of a 64-bit reconfigurable CLSA is only about 1.38 ns in 0.18 /spl mu/m technology.
[Effects of elevated CO2 concentration and nitrogen deposition on the biomass accumulation and allocation in south subtropical main native tree species and their mixed communities]. (2011)

A 5-year experiment was conducted to study the effects of simulated elevated CO2 concentration, nitrogen deposition, and their combination on the biomass accumulation and allocation in five south subtropical native tree species Schima superba, Ormosia pinnata, Acmena acuminatissima, Syzygium hancei, and Castanopsis hystrix and their mixed communities. The test tree species had different responses in their biomass accumulation and allocation to the elevated CO2 concentration and nitrogen deposition. Elevated CO2 concentration and nitrogen deposition increased the biomass of legume species by 49.3% and 71.0%, respectively, and promoted the biomass accumulation in sun species. Nitrogen deposition increased the biomass of shade-preference species significantly, but elevated CO2 concentration was in adverse. Elevated CO2 concentration inhibited the biomass allocation in the belowground part of sun species but promoted the biomass allocation in the belowground part of shade-preference species. Elevated CO2 concentration, nitrogen deposition, and their interaction all promoted the biomass accumulation in mixed communities. Elevated CO2 concentration increased the biomass accumulation in the belowground part of the communities, while nitrogen deposition increased the biomass accumulation in the aboveground part. Under the background of global climate change, Ormosia pinnata and Castanopsis hystrix tended to be the appropriate species for carbon fixation in south subtropical area.
A logic of implicit and explicit belief (1984)

As part of an on-going project to understand the found* tions of Knowledge Representation, we are attempting to characterize a kind of belief that forms a more appropriate basis for Knowledge Representation systems than that cap tured by the usual possible-world formalizations begun by Hintikka. In this paper, we point out deficiencies in current semantic treatments of knowledge and belief (including re-cent syntactic approaches) and suggest a new analysis in the form of a logic that avoids these shortcomings and is also more viable computationally. The kind of belief that underlies terms in AI such as ‘Know!-edge Representation ” or “knowledge base ” has never been ade-quately characterized. r As we discuss below, the major existing formal model of belief (originated by Hintikka in [l]) requires the
A Rapid, Quantitative Immunofunctional Assay for Measuring Human Leptin (2002)

So far, only at the most minor differences between leptin measurements using the newly developed IFA and those using a conventional RIA have been detected. Additional studies using the IFA method are required to investigate whether or not discrepant results with the IFA will be seen in various states of relative leptin resistance and whether or not such differences are of biological relevance.
Bleeding detection in wireless capsule endoscopy images based on binary feature vector (2014)

Wireless Capsule Endoscopy (WCE) is a non-invasive way which is getting its popularity in many hospitals for gastrointestinal examination. However, it produces too many images that need physicians to check manually. This is a huge burden for physicians. To solve this problem, an automatic method based on Support Vector Machine is proposed in this paper. A binary feature vector is used to overcome the drawbacks of conventional color histogram, which compares similarity between histograms rather than checks out the existence of a specified pattern. Considering the property of WCE images, a clipped illumination invariant color space is introduced. Experiments demonstrate that the binary feature vector is more effective than histograms in detecting bleeding patterns of WCE images.
A purified procoagulant enzyme from the venom of the eastern diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus adamanteus): in vivo and in vitro studies. (1972)

Abstract A procoagulant enzyme in the venom of the eastern diamondback rattlesnake, Crotalus adamanteus , has been isolated and purified. The enzyme acts directly on purified fibrinogen or fibrinogen in plasma, forming a friable fibrin clot. The enzyme does not activate factors of the extrinsic system, nor does it activate factor XIII. It also does not aggregate platelets and is not inhibited by heparin. Incubation with plasma produces insignificant changes in all coagulation factors except fibrinogen. The enzyme does not activate components of the fibrinolytic system, but is itself fibrinolytic at extremely high concentration. Infusion into dogs produces well tolerated hypofibrinogenemia lasting up to 8 hours. Post infusion, intense fibrinolysis is observed with high titers of nonclottable fibrinogen derivatives in the serum, some with an electrophoretic mobility similar to native fibrinogen. Following infusion declines in factors II, V, and VIII were noted by one stage assays, but may be artifactual due to high levels of fibrinogen derivatives in the test plasmas.
Spatial distribution of human cell survival and oxygen effect in a therapeutic helium ion beam (1974)

The survival of human kidney T-1 cells, based on colony formation, was determined in the presence and absence of oxygen as a continuous function of depth in a beam of high-energy helium ions from the Berkeley 184-inch synchrocyclotron. Cells were exposed while attached to plastic coverslips in holders that spaced them 0.25 cm apart along the beam path. In some samples oxygen was removed from the medium by metabolic depletion by freshly-irradiated cells. The original beam energy (910 MeV) was degraded by absorbers so that the residual range was 10 cm; a reciprocating ridge filter then spread the Bragg peak out to a width of 5.5 cm. Cell survival decreased as a function of depth, and the RBE of this beam at maximum depth (highest LET) was 1.4. At this point the OER was 2.2 ± 0.2, compared to 3.0 ± 0.3 at the point where the minimum-LET beam entered the sample. At the minimum depth to which the Bragg peak was spread, the RBE was 1.1, and the OER was 2.3 ± 0.3. Beyond the stopping point of the beam there was no cell death detectable within the sensitivity of the experiments; for example, surviving fraction was 0.99 ± 0.05 at a point 0.5 cm beyond where the dose was 765 rads.
Reduction of optical interference by wavelength filtering in RGB-LED based indoor VLC system (2011)

VLC systems using RGB LED and their optimized cell structure are proposed to increase system flexibility and to reduce interference. Performance has been numerically verified for the data rate range from 10Mbps to 300Mbps.
Mejoras para la automatización de procesos en la importación de modelos en IFC (2015)

El uso del BIM en la industria de la construccion esta permitiendo obtener una mayor productividad y calidad en los flujos de trabajo, reduciendo los costes y el tiempo de inactividad. No obstante, aun existen una serie de retos que deben ser superados. Uno de ellos reside en la problematica existente en el intercambio de informacion entre los agentes implicados en proyectos constructivos. Desde una perspectiva de BIM abierto (Open BIM), el IFC se presenta como la mejor alternativa de estandar abierto y neutral utilizado para facilitar este intercambio. Sin embargo, aun existe un desconocimiento acerca de como este estandar debe ser utilizado correctamente para el intercambio en cada caso, y sobre las limitaciones existentes en los programas a la hora de permitir su importacion y exportacion. Este articulo analiza y discute algunas de las dificultades y deficiencias existentes en este proceso de intercambio para el contexto del desarrollo de proyectos en el ambito nacional.
El articulo finaliza con la presentacion de un caso de estudio para ilustrar como algunos de los problemas en la importacion de modelos en formato IFC pueden ser corregidos de una forma automatizada. En concreto, utilizando el complemento Dynamo dentro del programa Revit.
Rapid Emergence of Resistance to Cefepime During Treatment (1998)

and it would be hard to define contamination in such cases in the posed initially to third-generation cephalosporins, might it be wiser to initiate therapy with a fourth-generation cephalosporin absence of a known skin or line source. Therefore, when lactobacillemia is detected, we would encourage clinicians to consider it a at the time that the bacterial strains are still susceptible to the third-generation cephalosporins? Patients would benefit from true infection and treat it accordingly.
Prevalence and type distribution of human papillomavirus in carcinoma and intraepithelial neoplasia of the vulva, vagina and anus: A meta‐analysis (2008)

This meta-analysis investigated human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence in vulvar, vaginal and anal intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN, VAIN, AIN) grades 1-3 and carcinoma from 93 studies conducted in 4 continents and using PCR assays. Overall HPV prevalence was 67.8%, 85.3% and 40.4% among 90 VIN1, 1,061 VIN2/3 and 1,873 vulvar carcinomas; 100%, 90.1% and 69.9% among 107 VAIN1, 191 VAIN2/3 and 136 vaginal carcinomas; and 91.5%, 93.9% and 84.3% among 671 AIN1, 609 AIN2/3 and 955 anal carcinomas, respectively. HPV16 was found more frequently (>75%) and HPV18 less frequently (<10%) in HPV-positive vulvar, vaginal and anal carcinomas than in cervical carcinoma. HPV6 and 11 were common in VIN1 and AIN1, but not in VAIN1. HPV prevalence in vulvar carcinoma varied most by histological type (69.4% in warty-basaloid and 13.2% in keratinized type) and was also higher in women 60 years or younger and in studies carried out in North America. HPV prevalence in anal carcinoma was higher among women (90.8%) than men (74.9%), but no difference by gender emerged in North America. The majority of AIN2/3 derived from studies of HIV-positive individuals and/or men who have sex with men. Among AIN2/3, HIV infection was associated with higher HPV prevalence, more multiple-type infections and a relative under-representation of HPV16. In conclusion, approximately 40% of vulvar, 60% of vaginal and 80% of anal carcinoma may be avoided by prophylactic vaccines against HPV16/18. This proportion would be similar for the corresponding high-grade lesions of the vagina and anus, but higher for VIN2/3 (75%) than for vulvar carcinoma.
Regulation of flowering time by the miR156-mediated age pathway (2014)

Precise flowering time is critical to reproductive success. In response to diverse exogenous and endogenous cues including age, hormones, photoperiod, and temperature, the floral transition is controlled by a complex regulatory network, which involves extensive crosstalks, feedback, or feedforward loops between the components within flowering time pathways. The newly identified age pathway, which is controlled by microRNA156 (miR156) and its target SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING-LIKE (SPL) transcription factors, ensures plants flower under non-inductive conditions. In this review, I summarize the recent advance in understanding of the age pathway, focusing on the regulatory basis of the developmental decline in miR156 level by age and the molecular mechanism by which the age pathway is integrated into other flowering time pathways.
InP quantum dots: Electronic structure, surface effects, and the redshifted emission (1997)

We present pseudopotential plane-wave electronic-structure calculations on InP quantum dots in an effort to understand quantum confinement and surface effects and to identify the origin of the long-lived and redshifted luminescence. We find that (i) unlike the case in small GaAs dots, the lowest unoccupied state of InP dots is the ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{1c}$-derived direct state rather than the ${X}_{1c}$-derived indirect state and (ii) unlike the prediction of $\mathbf{k}\ensuremath{\cdot}\mathbf{p}$ models, the highest occupied state in InP dots has a $1sd$-type envelope function rather than a (dipole-forbidden) $1pf$ envelope function. Thus explanations (i) and (ii) to the long-lived redshifted emission in terms of an orbitally forbidden character can be excluded. Furthermore, (iii) fully passivated InP dots have no surface states in the gap. However, (iv) removal of the anion-site passivation leads to a P dangling bond (DB) state just above the valence band, which will act as a trap for photogenerated holes. Similarly, (v) removal of the cation-site passivation leads to an In dangling-bond state below the conduction band. While the energy of the In DB state depends only weakly on quantum size, its radiative lifetime increases with quantum size. The calculated $\ensuremath{\sim}300\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{meV}$ redshift and the $\ensuremath{\sim}18$ times longer radiative lifetime relative to the dot-interior transition for the 26-\AA{} dot with an In DB are in good agreement with the observations of full-luminescence experiments for unetched InP dots. Yet, (vi) this type of redshift due to surface defect is inconsistent with that measured in selective excitation for HF-etched InP dots. (vii) The latter type of (``resonant'') redshift is compatible with the calculated screened singlet-triplet splitting in InP dots, suggesting that the slow emitting state seen in selective excitation could be a triplet state.
Physicochemical Properties and the Product Potentiality of Soft Wheats (2007)

The physicochemical properties and mixograph characteristics of soft white winter (SWW) and club wheat, as well as their product potentiality, were investigated. There were no significant differences between the SWW wheat and club wheat regarding their Single Kernel Characterization System (SKCS) properties. The straight-grade flour yield, break flour yield, ash content, and milling score of the SWW wheat were similar to those of the club wheat, and the straight-grade flour yield had a significant positive correlation to the break flour yield (r = 0.805**). The Rapid Visco-Analyzer (RVA) peak viscosity and swelling volume of the SWW wheat flour were very similar to those of the club wheat flour, and there was a significant positive correlation between the RVA peak viscosity and the swelling volume (r = 0.662**). The average mixograph absorption of the SWW wheat was higher than that of the club wheat. The club wheat resulted in a higher cookie diameter than the SWW wheat, but the difference was not significant. The sponge cake volume using the SWW wheat flour was higher than that with the club wheat flour. In addition, there was a significant correlation between the cookie diameter and the sponge cake volume (r = 0.745**).