gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deposition of Copper Films on Silicon from Cupric Sulfate and Hydrofluoric Acid (1997)

A novel method of galvanic deposition of copper is described. The solution is composed of cupric sulfate and hydrofluoric acid. The main principle of deposition is the reduction copper ion by electrons released from silicon. This electrochemical reaction includes the silicon dissolution and copper deposition simultaneously. The copper film thickness increases with the hydrofluoric acid concentration and the deposition time. The growth properties are investigated, and the possibility of using such a technology for copper deposition on silicon is demonstrated. The resistivity of deposited Cu on silicon is 2.16 μΩ cm.
Visualizing Multiple Measures of Forecast Quality (2008)

Abstract A method for visually representing multiple measures of dichotomous (yes–no) forecast quality (probability of detection, false alarm ratio, bias, and critical success index) in a single diagram is presented. Illustration of the method is provided using performance statistics from two previously published forecast verification studies (snowfall density and convective initiation) and a verification of several new forecast datasets: Storm Prediction Center forecasts of severe storms (nontornadic and tornadic), Hydrometeorological Prediction Center forecasts of heavy precipitation (greater than 12.5 mm in a 6-h period), National Weather Service Forecast Office terminal aviation forecasts (ceiling and visibility), and medium-range ensemble forecasts of 500-hPa height anomalies. The use of such verification metrics in concert with more detailed investigations to advance forecasting is briefly discussed.
Long-Term Influence of Levodopa on Bone Mass and Growth Hormone in Postmenopausal Women with Parkinsonʼs Disease (1987)

Rico, H.; Vazquez, A.*; Cabranes, J. A.†; Cantizano, L.*; Hernandez, E. R.; Krisnik, I.; de Seijas, E. Varela* Author Information
High-speed GaAs 4×4-bit parallel multiplier using super capacitor FET logic (1987)

An ECL-compatible 4×4-bit parallel multiplier implemented using the GaAs D-MESFET logic approach of super capacitor FET logic has been realised. Fully functional circuit operation was obtained with a worst-case multiplication time of 1.4 ns (88 ps/gate) at 1.6 W dissipation, the best speed ever reported for a multiplier fabricated with GaAs MESFET technology.
Detection of obsessive compulsive disorder using resting-state functional connectivity data (2013)

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a serious psychological disease that might be affiliated with abnormal resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) in default mode network (DMN) of brain. In this study it is aimed to discriminate patients with OCD from healthy individuals by employing pattern recognition methods on resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) data. For this purpose, two different feature extraction approaches were implemented. In the first approach the rs-FC fMRI data were subsampled and then the dimensionality of the subsampled data was reduced using subspace transforms. In the second approach, feature vectors having already low dimensions were obtained by measuring similarities of the rs-FC data of subjects to the separate means in OCD and healthy groups. Afterwards the healthy and OCD groups were classified using Support Vector Machine (SVM). In order to obtain more reliable performance results, the Double LOO-CV method that we proposed as a version of Leave-One-Out Cross Validation (LOO-CV) was used. Quite encouraging results are obtained when the features extracted using similarity measures are classified by SVM.
Generation of Electromagnetic Waves with Arbitrary Orbital Angular Momentum Modes (2014)

Recently, much attention has been focused on beams carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) for radio communication. Here we experimentally demonstrate a planar-spiral phase plate (planar-SPP) for generating arbitrary mixed OAM beams. This proposed planar-SPP uses the concept of transmit array antenna having a perforated substrate to control the outputting phase for generating beams carrying OAM with arbitrary modes. As demonstrations, three planar-SPPs with a single OAM mode and two mixed OAM modes around 94 GHz have been investigated with design and experiments in this paper, respectively. The typical experimental intensity and phase patterns show that the proposed method of generating OAM beams really works.
Gesture Recognition using a Range Camera (2007)

Abstract. This paper introduces use of range information acquired by a CSEM SwissRanger SR-2 camera for one and two arms gesture recognition. The range data enables motion detection and 3D representation of gestures. Motion is detected by double difference range images and filtered by a hysteresis bandpass filter. Gestures are represented by shape contexts in the form of spherical histograms. This representation allows a simple matching by binary comparison of the histogram bins. Although this approach is still on a early state, results indicate successful recognition of a set of commonly used gestures. 1
State-selective transport of single neutral atoms (2010)

The present work investigates the state-selective transport of single neutral cesium atoms in a one-dimensional optical lattice. It demonstrates experimental applications of this transport, including a single atom interferometer, a quantum walk and controlled two-atom collisions. The atoms are stored one by one in an optical lattice formed by a standing wave dipole trap. Their positions are determined with sub-micrometer precision, while atom pair separations are reliably inferred down to neighboring lattice sites using real-time numerical processing. Using microwave pulses in the presence of a magnetic field gradient, the internal qubit states, encoded in the hyperfine levels of the atoms, can be separately initialized and manipulated. This allows us to perform arbitrary single-qubit operations and prepare arbitrary patterns of atoms in the lattice with single-site precision.<br /> Chapter 1 presents the experimental setup for trapping a small number of cesium atoms in a one-dimensional optical lattice. Chapter 2 is devoted to fluorescence imaging of atoms, discussing the imaging setup, numeric methods and their performance in detail. Chapter 3 focuses on engineering of internal states of trapped atoms in the lattice using optical methods and microwave radiation. It provides a detailed investigation of coherence properties of our experimental system. Finally manipulation of individual atoms with almost single-site resolution and preparation of regular strings of atoms with predefined distances are presented.<br /> In Chapter 4, basic concepts, the experimental realization and the performance of the state-selective transport of neutral atoms over several lattice sites are presented and discussed in detail. Coherence properties of this transport are investigated in Chapter 5, using various two-arms single atom interferometer sequences in which atomic matter waves are split, delocalized, merged and recombined on the initial lattice site, while the interference contrast and the accumulated phase difference are measured. By delocalizing a single atom over several lattice sites, possible spatial inhomogeneities of fields along the lattice axis in the trapping region are probed.<br /> In Chapter 6, experimental realization of a discrete time quantum walk on a line with single optically trapped atoms is presented as an advanced application of multiple path quantum interference in the context of quantum information processing. Using this simple example of a quantum walk, fundamental properties of and differences between the quantum and classical regimes are investigated and discussed in detail. Finally, by combining preparation of atom strings, position-dependent manipulation of qubit states and state-selective transport, in Chapter 7, two atoms are deterministically brought together into contact, forming a starting point for investigating two-atom interactions on the most fundamental level. Future prospects and suggestions are finally presented in Chapter 8.
A history of streptokinase use in acute myocardial infarction. (2007)

A serendipitous discovery by William Smith Tillett in 1933, followed by many years of work with his student Sol Sherry, laid a sound foundation for the use of streptokinase as a thrombolytic agent in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction. The drug found initial clinical application in combating fibrinous pleural exudates, hemothorax, and tuberculous meningitis. In 1958, Sherry and others started using streptokinase in patients with acute myocardial infarction and changed the focus of treatment from palliation to "cure." Initial trials that used streptokinase infusion produced conflicting results. An innovative approach of intracoronary streptokinase infusion was initiated by Rentrop and colleagues in 1979. Subsequently, larger trials of intracoronary infusion achieved reperfusion rates ranging from 70% to 90%. The need for a meticulously planned and systematically executed randomized multicenter trial was fulfilled by the Gruppo Italiano per la Sperimentazione della Streptochinasi nell'Infarto Miocardico (GISSI) trial in 1986, which not only validated streptokinase as an effective therapeutic method but also established a fixed protocol for its use in acute myocardial infarction. Currently, despite the wide use of tissue plasminogen activator in developed nations, streptokinase remains essential to the management of acute myocardial infarction in developing nations.
A Study of the Musical, Academic, Leadership, and Extracurricular Achievement Massachusetts All-State Participants (2005)

Researchers have noted that the personal attributes of high school all-state participants have not been probed and have expressed surprise at this void in the music education literature (Cole, 1986; Fuller, 1989; Welker, 1997). The purpose of this study was to ascertain, through participant self-report data, the activities and accomplishments of Massachusetts all-state musicians in four areas of student endeavor: music, academics, leadership, and extracurricular activities. Massachusetts all-state participants are high achievers not only in music but also in academics, honors, student government, leadership, athletics, service, and extracurricular activities. Suggestions for further research include broadening similar studies to other states and other disciplines to attempt to isolate characteristics of all-state students.
Novel Nitrogen Doped Ni Self-Alingned Silicide Process for Nanoscale Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor Technology (2005)

In this paper, 1%-nitrogen doped nickel was proposed to improve the thermal stability of Ni-silicide for nano-scale N-type Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor. It is shown that thermal stability of nickel silicide is improved a lot by the Nitrogen incorporation in NiSi layer using the 1%-nitrogen doped nickel target. Even after post-silicidation annealing at 650°C for 30 min, the low resistivity NiSi with low junction leakage current can be achieved. Moreover, improved device characteristics such as threshold voltage, transconductance, and on-off current, subthreshold slope were obtained in 80 nm NMOSFET.
Control of n‐Type Dopant Transitions in Low‐Temperature Silicon Epitaxy (1997)

In this paper we examine the abruptness of increasing arsenic dopant transients obtained during in situ doping of low‐temperature silicon epitaxy and compare the arsenic profiles to those obtained using phosphorus. The dopant transition lengths for arsenic are 120 to 210 nm, while those for phosphorus are at least six to eight times shorter. The arsenic transients are somewhat more abrupt at higher dopant concentrations. The deposition rate does not affect the transition length within the range of rates examined. The arsenic transients are not limited by the reactor gas‐flow system. The length of the transient is similar using dichlorosilane or silane as the silicon source. A more abrupt transition can be obtained by using time‐varying dopant‐gas or silicon source‐gas flows, but control is likely to be difficult. Both arsenic and phosphorus are incorporated more efficiently into than into silicon under deposition conditions typically used for each layer.
Work Experience (1996)

This study, which examined whether the aims of the work experience program were being met in an all girls school, draws on research findings from Australia and overseas. Students' responses indicated that work experience increased their self-awareness, increased their knowledge of the world of work and knowledge of occupations they pursued and facilitated better VCE planning and career decisions. The study also highlighted the need for students to be given more responsibility for their learning and the opportunity to complete more practical tasks while at school.
Bundling of elastic filaments induced by hydrodynamic interactions (2017)

Bacteria swim in viscous fluids by rotating helical flagellar filaments which dynamically bundle around each other. We derive and study a bundling model whereby straight rotating elastic filaments in viscous fluid induce rotational flows which tend to bend and wrap the filaments around each other.
<i>Introduction to the Theory of Liquid Metals</i> (1973)

Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation T. E. Faber, Robert S. Allgaier; Introduction to the Theory of Liquid Metals. Physics Today 1 September 1973; 26 (9): 51–55. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3128232 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentPhysics Today Search Advanced Search
THE EVERY-OTHER-DAY PILL (1968)

Norgestrel (dl-13β-ethyl-17α-ethinyl-17β hydroxy-gon-4-en-3-one) is a potent progestin obtained by total synthesis from non-steroidal precursors (Edgren, Smith, Peterson & Carter, 1963) which has been proved successful as an oral contraceptive (Coutinho & de Souza, 1966). Results of experiments assessing the effectiveness of this compound indicated that the recommended daily dose of 0·5 mg norgestrel plus 0·05 mg ethinyl oestradiol was well in excess of the dose necessary to prevent conception, as the missing of one or even two pills never resulted in pregnancy (Coutinho & de Souza, 1966). As each dose of the combination was apparently effective for at least 48 hr we decided to investigate its contraceptive capabilities when administered on alternate days only. The new regimen was tested on fifity-one young women of proven fertility and active sexual life for
thin films prepared by solid state reaction (induced by annealing) between the constituents in thin film form (1996)

thin films were obtained by solid state reaction (induced by annealing under S pressure) between the W and S constituents in thin film form. The tungsten layers were deposited by RF sputtering, while S layers were evaporated. The thickness of the layers varied between 50 and 100 nm. The films have been investigated using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, optical absorption and conductivity measurements. The effects of annealing conditions (duration and temperature) on the crystallization and composition of the films have been investigated. The films were crystallized in the hexagonal structure. To complete the reaction between W and S, annealing under S pressure at a temperature of at least 820 K for 24 h is required. Under these conditions the films were nearly stoichiometric. The best films present a c-axis length of 1.2500 nm and an a-axis length of 0.3185 nm. All the films were found to be preferentially oriented with the c axis perpendicular to the plane of the substrate. The degree of preferential orientation was found to increase slightly with increasing annealing time and/or temperature. The nearly stoichiometric films present good optical properties, similar to those of single crystals. The conductivity of the films depends strongly on the annealing conditions, i.e. on their composition and on their crystallization state.
Visible Light-Responsive Platinum-Containing Titania Nanoparticle-Mediated Photocatalysis Induces Nucleotide Insertion, Deletion and Substitution Mutations (2016)

Conventional photocatalysts are primarily stimulated using ultraviolet (UV) light to elicit reactive oxygen species and have wide applications in environmental and energy fields, including self-cleaning surfaces and sterilization. Because UV illumination is hazardous to humans, visible light-responsive photocatalysts (VLRPs) were discovered and are now applied to increase photocatalysis. However, fundamental questions regarding the ability of VLRPs to trigger DNA mutations and the mutation types it elicits remain elusive. Here, through plasmid transformation and β-galactosidase α-complementation analyses, we observed that visible light-responsive platinum-containing titania (TiO₂) nanoparticle (NP)-mediated photocatalysis considerably reduces the number of <i>Escherichia coli</i> transformants. This suggests that such photocatalytic reactions cause DNA damage. DNA sequencing results demonstrated that the DNA damage comprises three mutation types, namely nucleotide insertion, deletion and substitution; this is the first study to report the types of mutations occurring after photocatalysis by TiO₂-VLRPs. Our results may facilitate the development and appropriate use of new-generation TiO₂ NPs for biomedical applications.
Isolation of radiation-resistant bacteria without exposure to irradiation (1979)

Resistance to desiccation was utilized in the selection of highly radiation-resistant asporogenous bacteria from non-irradiated sources. A bacterial suspension in phosphate buffer was dried in a thin film at 25 degrees C and 33% relative humidity. Storage under these conditions for 15 days or more reduced the number of radiation-sensitive bacteria. Further selection for radiation-resistant bacteria was obtained by irradiation of bacteria on velveteen in the replication process, thereby avoiding the toxic effect of irradiated media. The similarity of radiation resistance and identifying characteristics in irradiated and non-irradiated isolates should allay some concerns that highly radiation-resistant bacteria have been permanently altered by radiation selection.
Acid phosphatase staining of the stratum corneum as a marker of damage by low irritancy compounds (1974)

Journal Article Acid phosphatase staining of the stratum corneum as a marker of damage by low irritancy compounds Get access T. RUTHERFORD, T. RUTHERFORD Unilever Research Colworth/Welwyn Laboratory, Sharnbrook, Bedford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. PAWLOWSKI A. PAWLOWSKI Unilever Research Colworth/Welwyn Laboratory, Sharnbrook, Bedford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 91, Issue 5, 1 November 1974, Pages 503–506, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1974.tb12937.x Published: 01 November 1974 Article history Accepted: 11 April 1974 Published: 01 November 1974
Final report. Human artificial episomal chromosome (HAEC) for building large genomic libraries (1999)

Collections of human DNA fragments are maintained for research purposes as clones in bacterial host cells. However for unknown reasons, some regions of the human genome appear to be unclonable or unstable in bacteria. Their team has developed a system using episomes (extrachromosomal, autonomously replication DNA) that maintains large DNA fragments in human cells. This human artificial episomal chromosomal (HAEC) system may prove useful for coverage of these especially difficult regions. In the broader biomedical community, the HAEC system also shows promise for use in functional genomics and gene therapy. Recent improvements to the HAEC system and its application to mapping, sequencing, and functionally studying human and mouse DNA are summarized. Mapping and sequencing the human genome and model organisms are only the first steps in determining the function of various genetic units critical for gene regulation, DNA replication, chromatin packaging, chromosomal stability, and chromatid segregation. Such studies will require the ability to transfer and manipulate entire functional units into mammalian cells.
Measuring and managing fluid balance. (2011)

Ensuring patients are adequately hydrated is an essential part of nursing care, yet a recent report from the Care Quality Commission found "appalling" levels of care in some NHS hospitals, with health professionals failing to manage dehydration. This article discusses the importance of hydration, and the health implications of dehydration and overhydration. It also provides an overview of fluid balance, including how and why it should be measured, and discusses the importance of accurate fluid balance measurements.
THE VISION THING (2016)

The US presidential battle is finally over. Randall S Peterson explains how ‘seven frames of leadership’ apply to Trump and Clinton – and their counterparts in business
DYNAMICS AND CONTROL OF HIGH-REYNOLDS-NUMBER FLOW OVER OPEN CAVITIES (2005)

We review recent advances in understanding, modeling, and controlling oscillations in the flow past a cavity. The fundamental mechanisms underlying cavity flow oscillations have been known for at least 40 years, but suppressing these oscillations in a reliable and robust way is still a challenge today. Interest in controlling the flow past a cavity is motivated by aerospace applications, but in addition, cavity flows provide an attractive canonical problem for exploring general flow control techniques. The focus is on recent advances in modeling these flows, and in controlling them, using both open-loop and closed-loop techniques. A relatively new perspective is that cavity oscillations may not always be self-sustained, but under some flow conditions may be lightly damped resonances, sustained by external disturbances such as boundary layer turbulence. Areas in which our understanding is incomplete, and which deserve further study, are discussed, in particular the effects of high-frequency open-loop forcing, fundamental limitations of feedback control for a given configuration of sensors and actuators, and the development of a feedback design methodology that respects the limited range of validity of the available dynamical models.
Alternative technique for tip support in secondary rhinoplasty (2006)

The auricular cartilage struts constructed using this method were strong enough to enhance tip support and projection, with satisfactory results assessed by both the patients and our team.
Quantified-Role Based Controllable Delegation Model (2006)

Delegation is an important secure policy that RBAC should support. Most Existing RBAC delegation models cannot effectively support fine delegation granularity and controllable propagation of permissions. This paper first introduces the concept of quantified-role and then proposes a fine-grained delegation constraint mechanism. Lastly, it gives a formal Quantified-role Based Controllable Delegation Model (QBCDM). The model supports the delegation of any part of permissions of roles, while avoiding incurring high administrative cost. It also provides mandatory constraints and fine-grained discretionary constraints, which ensure the constringency of delegation ability in multi-step delegations and significantly enhance controllability of delegation.