gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PRELIMINARY STUDIES OF IN VITRO AND IN VIVO EFFECTS OF MISOPROSTOL ON Th-1 AND Th-2 CYTOKINE PRODUCTION (1995)

Prostaglandins of the E series are known to suppress in vitro production of Th-1 cytokines such as interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-gamma but have not been shown to suppress production of Th-2 cytokines such as IL-4 or IL-10. The present study used two new synthetic prostaglandin E(1) (PGE(1)) analogs with oral bioavailability, misoprostol (MP), and enisoprost (EP), to determine if these agents (1) exert suppressive effects in vitro on cytokine production by fresh unseparated mouse splenocytes and (2) are beneficial in vivo when used in conditions mediated by excessive Th-1 or Th-2 cytokine production. Preliminary in vitro studies demonstrated that both MP and EP can inhibit mitogen-stimulated Th-1 and Th-2 cytokine production in a dose-dependent fashion. Interestingly, at low doses, a stimulatory effect on interferon-gamma production was seen for both agents. In vivo studies tested the ability of parenteral administration of MP to alter outcome in the parent-into-F1 model of acute or chronic graft-vs-host disease (GVHD), entities thought to be mediated by excessive Th-1 or Th-2 cytokine production, respectively. Administration of MP to mice undergoing acute GVHD resulted in little detectable effect. However, in three independent experiments, MP administration in chronic GVHD mice consistently blocked GVHD-associated lymphoproliferation. In two of three experiments, GVHD-associated autoantibody production was significantly reduced. Variability between individual mice and between experiments suggests that dosing regimens and MP preparation are of critical importance. Nevertheless, these findings raise the possibility that MP may be of benefit in the treatment of human diseases characterized by excessive Th-2 cytokine production and humoral autoimmunity, for example, human lupus.
Near‐field second harmonic imaging of the c/a/c/a polydomain structure of epitaxial PbZr<sub><i>x</i></sub>Ti<sub>1–<i>x</i></sub>O<sub>3</sub> thin films (2001)

Near-field optical second harmonic microscopy has been applied to imaging of the c/a/c/a polydomain structure of epitaxial PbZrxTi1-xO3 thin films in the 0 < x < 0.4 range. Comparison of the near-field optical images and the results of atomic force microscopy and X-ray diffraction studies show that an optical resolution of the order of 100 nm is achieved. Symmetry properties of the near-field second harmonic signal allow us to obtain good optical contrast between the local second harmonic generation in c- and a-domains. Experimentally measured near-field second harmonic images have been compared with the results of theoretical calculations. Good agreement between theory and experiment is demonstrated.
OPERATION OF THE POLARIZED-ION SOURCE AND AXIAL INJECTION SYSTEM FOR THE BERKELEY 88-INCH CYCLOTRON. (1969)

A polarized-ion source for protons and deuterons is now in operation at the Berkeley 88-Inch Cyclotron.The source is of the atomic beam type, using rf transitions and a strong field ionizer.It is mounted vertically above the cyclotron roof shielding.A new axial injection transport system, whose optical elements are electrostatic quadrupole triplets, brings the beam 4. 5 meters down to the cyclotron median plane.A duoplasmatron source can inject unpolarized protons through a 90 bending magnet.A gridded electrostatic mirror inflects the beam into the dummy dee.Electrodes inserted into the dummy dee and dee give narrow accelerating gaps to allow the beam to clear the mirror.They are designed to unplug at vacuum for easy conversion between axial injection and internal source operation.Maximum beam currents at present are up to 3 ~A of polarized protons at the source, 0.05 ]JA accelerated in the cyclotron, and 0.02 ]JA external beam with a polarization of 70%.
Complexation to insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein potentiates the mitogenic activity of IGF-I (1988)

Journal Article Complexation to insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein potentiates the mitogenic activity of IGF-I Get access E Jenne, E Jenne Universitätsklinik Tübingen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W F Blum, W F Blum Universitätsklinik Tübingen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K Kietzmann, K Kietzmann Universitätsklinik Tübingen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J R Bierich, J R Bierich Universitätsklinik Tübingen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M B Ranke M B Ranke Universitätsklinik Tübingen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Acta Endocrinologica (Norway), Volume 117, Issue 4_Supplement, Apr 1988, Pages S51–S52, https://doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.117S051-a Published: 01 April 1988
A Gas-Operated Bearing Damper for Turbomachinery—Theoretical Predictions Versus Experimental Measurements: Part II—Experimental Results and Comparison With Theory (1995)

This is the second of two papers describing results of a research project directed at developing a gas-operated vibration damper for high-temperature turbomachinery applications. This part presents the experimental measurements made on a gas damper hardware and compares them with the theoretical predictions given in Part I. It is found that the isentropic theoretical model predicts the damper characteristics quite well. A maximum damping of 2310 N-s/m (13.2 lb-s/in.) was measured at a natural frequency of 118 Hz using the present design and the results suggest that significantly higher damping levels are possible with design modifications.
Enhanced photodeamination of prolyl tripeptides (1991)

When compared with results from other tripeptides, high yields of ammonia in the aqueous photolyses of glycylprolylglycine and alanylprolylglycine suggest that the prolyl residue can promote peptide conformations favourable for long-range electron transfer.
Adhesion and Wetting Hysteresis of a Metal (Mercury) on an Oxide Glass in Air and Nitrogen (1998)

Abstract In general, oxygen can considerably change the wetting behavior of oxides by molten metals. This work is a basic illustration of the oxidation effect on the wetting behavior of glass by a liquid metal. Taking mercury as a model of a metal, the importance of the metal oxidation in the glass/metal interaction has been observed by measuring wetting contact angles of mercury on glass and the ability of calibrated mercury drops to slide down, under gravitation, on an inclined glass plate in air or in nitrogen. It is believed that the highest force of detachment by sliding of the mercury drop in air results from the metal oxidation which can be interpreted by a higher contact angle hysteresis when the metal is exposed to air.
A Comparison of Information Passing Strategies in System Level Modeling (2010)

Frameworks for modeling the communication and coordination of subsystem stakeholders are valuable for the synthesis of large engineering systems. However, these frameworks can be resource intensive and challenging to implement. This paper compares three frameworks, Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (MDO), traditional Game Theory, and a Modified Game Theoretic approach on the form and flow of information passed between subsystems. This paper considers the impact of “complete” information sharing by determining the effect of merging subsystems. Comparisons are made of convergence time and robustness in a case study of the design of a satellite. Results comparing MDO in two- and three-player scenarios indicate that, when the information passed between subsystems is sufficiently linear, the two scenarios converge in statistically indifferent number of iterations, but additional “complete” information does reduce variability in the number of iterations. The Modified Game Theoretic approach converges to a smaller region of the Pareto set compared to MDO, but does so without a system facilitator. Finally, a traditional Game Theoretic approach converges to a limit cycle rather than a fixed point for the given initial design. There may also be a region of attraction for convergence for a traditional Game Theoretic approach.
Pulmonary tuberculosis patients with a vitamin D deficiency demonstrate low local expression of the antimicrobial peptide LL-37 but enhanced FoxP3+ regulatory T cells and IgG-secreting cells (2014)

Control of human tuberculosis (TB) requires induction and maintenance of both macrophage and T cell effector functions. We demonstrate that pulmonary TB patients with a vitamin D deficiency had significantly reduced local levels of the vitamin D-inducible antimicrobial peptide LL-37 in granulomatous lesions compared to distal parenchyma from the infected lung. Instead, TB lesions were abundant in CD3(+) T cells and FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells as well as IgG-secreting CD20(+) B cells, particularly in sputum-smear positive patients with cavitary TB. Mycobacteria-specific serum IgG titers were also elevated in patients with active TB. An up-regulation of the B cell stimulatory cytokine IL-21 correlated with mRNA expression of CD20, total IgG and also IL-10 in the TB lesions. Altogether, vitamin D-deficient TB patients expressed a weak antimicrobial response but an IL-21 associated expansion of IgG-secreting B cells combined with a rise in FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells at the local site of infection.
Effect of inhomogeneities on streamer propagation: II. Streamer dynamics in high pressure humid air with bubbles (2009)

The branching of electric discharge streamers in atmospheric pressure air, dense gases and liquids is a common occurrence whose origins are likely found with many causes, both deterministic and stochastic. One mechanism for streamer branching may be inhomogeneities in the path of a streamer which either divert the streamer (typically a region of lower ionization) or produce a new branch (a region of higher ionization). The propagation and branching of streamers in liquids is likely aided by low density inhomogeneities, bubbles; however, modeling of streamers in liquids is made difficult by the lack of transport coefficients. As a first step towards understanding the propagation and branching of streamers in liquids, we investigated the consequences of random inhomogeneities in the form of low pressure bubbles on the propagation of streamers in high pressure humid air. By virtue of their lower density, bubbles have larger E / N (electric field/gas number density) than the ambient gas with larger rates of ionization. The intersection of a streamer with a bubble will focus the plasma into the bubble by virtue of that higher rate of ionization but the details of the interaction depend on the relative sizes of the bubble and streamer. When a streamer intersects a field of bubbles, the large E / N in the bubble avalanches seed electrons produced by photoionization from the streamer. Each bubble then launches both a negative and positive going streamer that may link with those from adjacent bubbles or the original streamer. The total process then appears as streamer branching.
Geometry-Aware GAN for Face Attribute Transfer (2019)

In this paper, the geometry-aware GAN is proposed to address the issue of facial attribute transfer with unpaired data. To tackle the unpaired training sample problem, the CycleGAN architecture is applied, where the bilateral mappings between the source and target domains are learned. The deformation flow is learned to capture the geometric variation between two domains. We first warp the source face into desired pose and shape according to the flow. Then, the transfer sub-network is designed to refine the results by hallucinating new components on the warped image. The attribute is removed by the reconstruction sub-network, coupled with the warping process. Experiments on benchmark demonstrate the advantages of our method compared to baselines.
Alveolar bone development after decoronation of ankylosed teeth (2006)

Decoronation of ankylosed teeth in infraposition was introduced in 1984 by Malmgren and co‐workers ( 1 ). This method is used all over the world today. It has been clinically shown that the procedure preserves the alveolar width and rebuilds lost vertical bone of the alveolar ridge in growing individuals. The biological explanation is that the decoronated root serves as a matrix for new bone development during resorption of the root and that the lost vertical alveolar bone is rebuilt during eruption of adjacent teeth. First a new periosteum is formed over the decoronated root, allowing vertical alveolar growth. Then the interdental fibers that have been severed by the decoronation procedure are reorganized between adjacent teeth. The continued eruption of these teeth mediates marginal bone apposition via the dental‐periosteal fiber complex. The erupting teeth are linked with the periosteum covering the top of the alveolar socket and indirectly via the alveolar gingival fibers, which are inserted in the alveolar crest and in the lamina propria of the interdental papilla. Both structures can generate a traction force resulting in bone apposition on top of the alveolar crest. This theoretical biological explanation is based on known anatomical features, known eruption processes and clinical observations.
μ-Conotoxin Giiia Interactions with the Voltage-Gated Na+ Channel Predict a Clockwise Arrangement of the Domains (2000)

Voltage-gated Na(+) channels underlie the electrical activity of most excitable cells, and these channels are the targets of many antiarrhythmic, anticonvulsant, and local anesthetic drugs. The channel pore is formed by a single polypeptide chain, containing four different, but homologous domains that are thought to arrange themselves circumferentially to form the ion permeation pathway. Although several structural models have been proposed, there has been no agreement concerning whether the four domains are arranged in a clockwise or a counterclockwise pattern around the pore, which is a fundamental question about the tertiary structure of the channel. We have probed the local architecture of the rat adult skeletal muscle Na(+) channel (mu1) outer vestibule and selectivity filter using mu-conotoxin GIIIA (mu-CTX), a neurotoxin of known structure that binds in this region. Interactions between the pore-forming loops from three different domains and four toxin residues were distinguished by mutant cycle analysis. Three of these residues, Gln-14, Hydroxyproline-17 (Hyp-17), and Lys-16 are arranged approximately at right angles to each other in a plane above the critical Arg-13 that binds directly in the ion permeation pathway. Interaction points were identified between Hyp-17 and channel residue Met-1240 of domain III and between Lys-16 and Glu-403 of domain I and Asp-1532 of domain IV. These interactions were estimated to contribute -1.0+/-0.1, -0.9+/-0.3, and -1.4+/-0.1 kcal/mol of coupling energy to the native toxin-channel complex, respectively. mu-CTX residues Gln-14 and Arg-1, both on the same side of the toxin molecule, interacted with Thr-759 of domain II. Three analytical approaches to the pattern of interactions predict that the channel domains most probably are arranged in a clockwise configuration around the pore as viewed from the extracellular surface.
Overlimiting current through ion concentration polarization layer: hydrodynamic convection effects (2014)

In this work, we experimentally investigated an effect of the hydrodynamic convective flow on ion transport through a nanoporous membrane in a micro/nanofluidic modeled system. The convective motion of ions in an ion concentration polarization (ICP) layer was controlled by external hydrodynamic inflows adjacent to the nanoporous membrane. The ion depletion region, which is regarded as a high electrical resistance, was spatially confined to a triangular shape with the additional hydrodynamic convective flow, resulting in a significant alteration in the classical ohmic-limiting-overlimiting current characteristics. Furthermore, the extreme spatial confinement can completely eliminate the limiting current region at a higher flow rate, while the ICP layer still exists. The presented results enable one to obtain a high current value which turns out to be a high electrical power efficiency. Therefore, this mechanism could be utilized as an optimizing power consumption strategy for various electrochemical membrane systems such as fuel-cells, electro-desalination systems and nanofluidic preconcentrators, etc.
Impact of Cancer History on Outcomes Among Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 (2021)

This study investigated whether a current cancer diagnosis or cancer history is an independent risk factor for death or hospice admission in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Active cancer, systemic cancer therapy, and a cancer history are not independent risk factors for death from COVID-19 among hospitalized patients, and hospitalized patients without cancer are more likely to have severe COVID-19. These findings provide reassurance to survivors of cancer and patients with cancer as to their relative risk of severe COVID-19, may encourage oncologists to provide standard anticancer therapy in patients at risk of COVID-19, and guide triage in future waves of infection.
”Den största faran med samverkan är att man tror det är enkelt” -Upplevelser av samverkan sett ur socialsekreterarnas synvinkel. (2008)

Studiens syfte har varit att undersöka socialsekreterarnas upplevelser av den samverkan de medverkar till i sin yrkesroll kring barn och unga med sammansatt problematik. Därigenom hamnade fokus på den samverkan som bedrivs med BUP och skola.\nStudiens frågeställningar är: \n•\tVilka faktorer påverkar samverkan kring barn och unga med sammansatt problematik? \n•\tHur ser socialsekreterarna på sin egen roll vid samverkan kring barn och unga med sammansatt problematik?\n•\tHur kan samverkan förbättras i framtiden, gällande barn och unga med sammansatt problematik, enligt litteraturen, informanterna vid djupintervjuerna och socialsekreterarna?\nStudien har en kvalitativ ansats med fenomenologisk inriktning då studien försöker fånga socialsekreterarnas upplevelser av samverkan. I syfte att besvara studiens frågeställningar genomfördes fokusgruppssessioner med socialsekreterare. Utöver fokusgruppen genomfördes två djupintervjuer med personer som är väl insatta i samverkan i syfte att nå ett metaperspektiv gällande socialtjänstens samverkan. \nUnder fokusgruppssessionerna och djupintervjuerna var de mest frekvent uppkomna begreppen information, ansvar/roller, personkemi, legitimitet/mandat, ledning/organisation och framtid. Begreppen redovisas i resultatavsnittet med beskrivande analys och tolkning.
Ultra-reliable communication over unreliable optical networks via lightpath diversity: system characterization and optimization (2004)

We propose using diversity via multiple disjoint lightpaths at the optical layer to achieve ultra-reliable communication with low delay between any source-destination pair of all-optical networks. A doubly-stochastic point process model is used to characterize the photo-events of a direct detection receiver. The error probability can be designed to be significantly lower than that of a system without lightpath diversity. System parameters, such as the number of lightpaths used, are optimized to achieve efficient utilization of the limited optical transmitter power.
Prothrombin activation in blood coagulation: the erythrocyte contribution to thrombin generation (2012)

Prothrombin activation can proceed through the intermediates meizothrombin or prethrombin-2. To assess the contributions that these 2 intermediates make to prothrombin activation in tissue factor (Tf)-activated blood, immunoassays were developed that measure the meizothrombin antithrombin (mTAT) and α-thrombin antithrombin (αTAT) complexes. We determined that Tf-activated blood produced both αTAT and mTAT. The presence of mTAT suggested that nonplatelet surfaces were contributing to approximately 35% of prothrombin activation. Corn trypsin inhibitor-treated blood was fractionated to yield red blood cells (RBCs), platelet-rich plasma (PRP), platelet-poor plasma (PPP), and buffy coat. Compared with blood, PRP reconstituted with PPP to a physiologic platelet concentration showed a 2-fold prolongation in the initiation phase and a marked decrease in the rate and extent of αTAT formation. Only the addition of RBCs to PRP was capable of normalizing αTAT generation. FACS on glycophorin A-positive cells showed that approximately 0.6% of the RBC population expresses phosphatidylserine and binds prothrombinase (FITC Xa·factor Va). These data indicate that RBCs participate in thrombin generation in Tf-activated blood, producing a membrane that supports prothrombin activation through the meizothrombin pathway.
Index-TB Guidelines (2017)

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is frequently a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. It is a common opportunistic infection in people living with HIV/AIDS and other immunocompromised states such as diabetes mellitus and malnutrition. There is a paucity of data from clinical trials in EPTB and most of the information regarding diagnosis and management is extrapolated from pulmonary TB. Further, there are no formal national or international guidelines on EPTB. To address these concerns, Indian EPTB guidelines were developed under the auspices of Central TB Division and Directorate of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India. The objective was to provide guidance on uniform, evidence-informed practices for suspecting, diagnosing and managing EPTB at all levels of healthcare delivery. The guidelines describe agreed principles relevant to 10 key areas of EPTB which are complementary to the existing country standards of TB care and technical operational guidelines for pulmonary TB. These guidelines provide recommendations on three priority areas for EPTB: (i) use of Xpert MTB/RIF in diagnosis, (ii) use of adjunct corticosteroids in treatment, and (iii) duration of treatment. The guidelines were developed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria, which were evidence based, and due consideration was given to various healthcare settings across India. Further, for those forms of EPTB in which evidence regarding best practice was lacking, clinical practice points were developed by consensus on accumulated knowledge and experience of specialists who participated in the working groups. This would also reflect the needs of healthcare providers and develop a platform for future research.
Synthesis of dihydroquinopimaric acid conjugates with amino acids (2009)

Synthesis of dihydroquinopymaric acid amides and their 2beta-succinyl and 2beta-phthalyl derivatives containing residues of amino acids was carried out for the first time. Antiviral properties of the compounds synthesized were investigated.
Functional analysis of the CD300e receptor in human monocytes and myeloid dendritic cells (2009)

The CD300e surface molecule, originally termed immune receptor expressed by myeloid cells (IREM)-2, was reported to associate with the DNAX-activating protein (DAP) 12 adaptor in co-transfected cells, and is capable of signaling. In the present report, we investigated in detail the function of CD300e in monocytes and myeloid DC (mDC) freshly isolated from peripheral blood of normal blood donors. Upon engagement by an agonistic mAb, CD300e triggered an intracellular calcium mobilization and superoxide anion O(2) (-) production in monocytes. Activation via CD300e provided survival signals that prevented monocyte and mDC apoptosis, triggered the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and upregulated the expression of cell surface co-stimulatory molecules in both cell types. Moreover, CD300e activation of mDC enhanced the alloreactive response of naive T cells. Overall, our data formally support the notion that CD300e functions as an activating receptor capable of regulating the innate immune response in myeloid cells.