gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Manufacturing of Artificial Lightweight Aggregates using a Coal Fly Ash Discharged from Fluidized Bed Combustor (2011)

유동층 연소 방식의 화력발전소에서 발생된 석탄 비산재를 점토와 혼합하여 8 mm 크기의 구형 성형체를 제조한 후, <TEX>$1050^{\circ}C{\sim}1250^{\circ}C$</TEX>에서 10분 직화 소성하여 인공골재를 제조하고, 골재의 발포특성에 미치는 비산재의 영향을 분석하였다. 비산재가 50 wt% 미만으로 첨가원 시편은 발포되면서 black-coring 현상을 나타내었다. 비산재가 50 wt% 이상 포함되면, 소성온도와 함께 골재의 부피비중이 높아지면서 시편 전체가 검은색으로 변하였다. 이는 미연탄소 함량의 증가로 인해 과도한 환원분위기가 형성되고 따라서 가스가 급속히 방출됨과 동시에 대부분의 산화철이 환원되기 때문이다. 소성온도가 같을 경우 비산재 함유량이 높을수록 골재의 부피비중은 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 비산재 첨가량이 10 wt%인 경우를 제외한 모든 시편들은 소성 온도를 높이면 홉수율이 감소하였는데 이는 고온일수록 액상이 많이 형성되었기 때문이다. 본 연구에서 제조된 유통층 연소기 석탄 비산재에 점토가 10~90 wt% 첨가된 시편들은 부피비중이 0,9~1.8, 흡수율이 8~60%로 다양한 특성을 나타내어 중량 내지 경량골재로 사용이 가능할 것으로 생각된다. The spherical artificial aggregates (AAs) with a diameter of 8 mm, which contains fly ashes discharged from the fluidized bed combustion in a thermal power plant and clay were manufactured by direct sintering method at <TEX>$1050{\sim}1250^{\circ}C$</TEX> for 10 minutes. The effect of fly ash contents on the bloating phenomenon in the AAs was analyzed. The AAs containing fly ash of the amount under 50 wt% showed the black-coring and bloating phenomena. The AAs containing fly ash of the amount over 5Owt%, however, the specific gravity was increased and the color of specimens fully changed to black. These color change phenomena were caused from the formation of FeO by the reduction reaction of almost <TEX>$Fe_2O_3$</TEX> component by the excessive reducing atmosphere formed simultaneously with the rapid emission of the gases generated from the high contents of unburned carbon of with increasing the added fly ash amount. Specific gravity was decreased as fly ash contents increased in the case of sintering at the same temperature condition. Water absorption of all specimens except of the specimens containing 10 wt% fly ashes decreased with increasing sintering temperature. These were because a liquid phase was formed as the increasing the sintering temperature. In the case of the specimens manufactured in this study containing fly ashes discharged from the fluidized bed combustor in a the thermal power plant and 10~90 wt% of clay, the specific gravity was 0.9~1.8 and the water absorptivity was 8~60%, therefore it is considered that those results can be applied to the light or heavy aggregates.
Comparison of two flattening techniques on a double-pass erbium-doped superfluorescent fiber source for fiber-optic gyroscope (2001)

We experimentally compare the efficiency of two flattening techniques on the performances of a broad-band light source for fiber-optic gyroscope (FOG). The combination of a double-pass erbium-doped superfluorescent fiber source with a wavelength-selective reflector enables us to achieve the specifications needed for high-precision, navigational grade FOG: output power >18 mW, bandwidth of 30 nm, coherence length of 81 /spl mu/m.
BETA – Endorphins – A Novel Natural Holistic Healer (2018)

Endorphins are endogenous morphine synthesized and stored in the anterior pituitary gland in response to pain and stress. There are three types of endorphins such as -endorphins, dynorphins and enkephalins, has receptors on brain, nervous system and immune cells. Beta-endorphins are abundant endorphins involved in immune-stimulatory activity, stress buster, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity used for therapeutic, promotive, palliative, preventive, holistic approach of treating diseases such as infectious diseases, cancer, auto-immune diseases. This article briefs about the role of Beta-endorphins and it's mechanism of actions on various diseases.
ATRP of MMA initiated by 2-bromoisobutyric acid 4-(2- benzothiazole-2-yl-vinyl)-phenyl ester (BPBVE) and its fluorescent property in the presence of metal ions (2010)

Abstract 2-Bromoisobutyric acid 4-(2-benzothiazole-2-yl-vinyl)-phenyl ester (BPBVE) was used for the heterogeneous atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of methyl methacrylate (MMA) with a copper(I)bromide/2,2’-bipyridine catalytic system. Factors such as the reaction temperature and mole ratio of catalyst to initiator, which could affect the ATRP system, were discussed in the paper. The functional end group was characterized via UV-vis and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The rates of polymerizations exhibited first-order kinetics with respect to the monomer, and a linear increase in the number-average molecular weight with increasing monomer conversion was observed for these initiation systems. The polydispersity indices (PDI) of the polymer were relatively low (1.07- 1.23) up to high conversions. This PMMA with BPBVE as end group shows strong emission at blue-light area whether in solution or in solid. In particularly, emission was decreased (or quenched) with appearance of metal cations (Zn 2+ , Co 2+ , Ni 2+ , Pb 2+ , Mn 2+ , Cu 2+ , Fe 3+ , Ag + ) in DMF solution.
Association of viral and Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections with acute respiratory illness in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. (1980)

The relative importance of respiratory virus and M. pneumoniae infections as causes of acute respiratory illnesses was studied over an 8 yr period in 150 subjects who were normal or who had varying degrees of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Viral or M. pneumoniae infections were associated with 186 of 1,030 (18%) illnesses studied, whereas these infections were detected in only 86 of 1,398 (6%) illness-free periods (P less than 0.01). Rhinoviruses, influenza viruses, parainfluenza viruses and coronaviruses were each significantly associated with acute respiratory illnesses. The occurrence of acute respiratory illnesses and viral infections was the same in subjects with moderate to severe COPD as it was in subjects who were normal or who had mild disease.
An improved lattice Boltzmann model for multicomponent reactive transport in porous media at the pore scale (2007)

In this paper, we improve the lattice Boltzmann pore‐scale model for multicomponent reactive transport in porous media developed in a previous study. Instead of applying a thermal boundary condition to solute transport, we rigorously derive the distribution function boundary condition for the total solute concentration. This is achieved first by correcting an expression of the particle distribution function in terms of the corresponding concentration and its gradient and then by deriving and using the relation that the nonequilibrium portion of the distribution function in opposite directions takes on opposite signs. We implement the new boundary condition in both the two‐dimensional nine‐speed (D2Q9) and four‐speed (D2Q4) lattices. Simulations of reactive transport in various chemical and geometrical systems using different models are carried out, and results are compared to analytic expressions or two‐dimensional FLOTRAN simulations. It is found that with this new boundary condition, the solute mass is strictly conserved by heterogeneous reactions, as was not the case using the thermal boundary condition. It is also found that compared with the D2Q9 model, the D2Q4 model has comparable accuracy and better computational efficiency.
Group Sparsity in Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (2012)

A recent challenge in data analysis for science and engineering is that data are often represented in a structured way. In particular, many data mining tasks have to deal with group-structured prior information, where features or data items are organized into groups. In this paper, we develop group sparsity regularization methods for nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF). NMF is an effective data mining tool that has been widely adopted in text mining, bioinformatics, and clustering, but a principled approach to incorporating group information into NMF has been lacking in the literature. Motivated by an observation that features or data items within a group are expected to share the same sparsity pattern in their latent factor representation, we propose mixed-norm regularization to promote group sparsity in the factor matrices of NMF. Group sparsity improves the interpretation of latent factors. Efficient convex optimization methods for dealing with the mixed-norm term are presented along with computational comparisons between them. Application examples of the proposed method in factor recovery, semi-supervised clustering, and multilingual text analysis are demonstrated.
Time to Get Moving: The 2008 Political Landscape (2008)

The approach of the Australian Greens to social inclusion and the performance of the Howard Government and policies of the Rudd Labor Opposition are discussed.
Innovations for conservation and development (2002)

This paper examines attempts to integrate the objectives of biodiversity conservation and social and economic development through a variety of approaches associated with different forms of protected areas and generally labelled as ‘integrated conservation and development’. It examines how the linkages between conservation and development are conceptualized, and the types of policy prescriptions and associated models and practice of integrating conservation and development. It identifies misconceptions about four key aspects that are common in conventional integrated conservation and development approaches. These difficulties involve the conceptualization of community , participation , empowerment and sustainability . Integrated conservation and development projects have often floundered as a result of over‐simplification of these factors. It assesses attempts made to overcome these common misconceptions through examining the experiences of two innovative approaches to integrating conservation and development in the Caribbean and in Amazonia. It concludes that fundamental changes are necessary to institutions and management and decision‐making strategies to address these issues and to effectively meet conservation and development objectives.
Fabrication of Reduced Graphene Oxide and Sliver Nanoparticle Hybrids for Raman Detection of Absorbed Folic Acid: A Potential Cancer Diagnostic Probe (2013)

Reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and silver nanoparticle (AgNP) hybrids (RGO-AgNP) were prepared by a facile one-pot method using Poly (N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) as reductant and stabilizer. Folic acid (FA) molecules were attached to the RGO-AgNP by physisorption for targeting specific cancer cells with folate receptors (FRs) and using as Raman reporter molecules. The internalization of the FA loaded RGO-AgNP (RGO-AgNP-FA) inside the FRs-positive cancer cell was confirmed by confocal laser scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The Raman signals of the FA in live cancer cells were detected by confocal Raman spectroscope at 514 nm excitation, indicating that the RGO-AgNP-FA material has great potential as a Raman probe for cancer diagnosis in vitro.
Image Features Extraction for Multimedia Database Content Description (2006)

The new multimedia content description standard MPEG-7 and its related framework standard MPEG-21 have been gained lots of interests by the academic and multimedia industry recently. One of the key issues that need to be determined is how to correctly extract and measure the similarity of content features. In this paper, we focus on how to effectively extract the image features and select the similar images from database. We adopt the Principle Component Analysis (PCA), Wavelet Decomposition (WD) and Moment Invariants (MI) methods to extract image features. The head-and-shoulder images (standard test images and AR database 2 ) are the main interests. The simulation results shown that our proposed algorithms can successfully select the closest images from database according to the query image.
Ethnic and Gender Differences in Family Social Support among Black Adolescents (2018)

This study examines black adolescents' reports of the most helpful types of social support that they receive from and provide to family members, and whether family support exchanges vary by ethnicity (African American vs. Black Caribbean) and gender. Data for this study are from the National Survey of American Life Adolescent Supplement (NSAL-A), a national, probability sample of African American and Black Caribbean youth (ages 13-17). Overall, youth reported financial support, followed by emotional assistance and practical support as the most helpful types of support that they received. Practical and emotional assistance characterized the most commonly reported types of support that they provided to family members. Black Caribbean adolescents were more likely than African American adolescents to report financial and practical assistance as the most helpful types of support that they received from family members; no ethnic differences were observed in the provision of support to relatives. There were no significant gender differences in the receipt of support, but adolescent girls reported greater involvement in providing emotional support and caregiving than adolescent boys. The results of this paper reveal that African American and Black Caribbean adolescents are involved in a complex pattern of reciprocal support exchanges with their extended family members. Study findings also reinforce the importance of research focused on racial/ethnic and gender differences in family support exchanges in order to develop a more nuanced understanding of family support behaviors within these groups.
Nature of the Determinant Responsible for the Adhesion of Lactobacilli to Chicken Crop Epithelial Cells (1975)

Using an in vitro method, some factors affecting the attachment of a strain of lactobacillus to chicken crop epithelial cells have been studied. Time of contact beyond 10 min, pH value, age or growth temperature of the bacterial culture, or nature of the energy source in the growth medium had little or no effect on attachment. Heating to 100 degrees C for 10 min, or treatment with EDTA or surface active compounds was also without effect. Treatment with sodium periodate markedly decreased adhesion, proteolytic enzymes had a smaller effect but wheat germ lipase was completely inactive. The pronounced inhibition of adhesion by periodate suggested the invovement of carbohydrate. However, enzymes known to attack carbohydrate substrates were inactive in reducing adhesion. Concanavalin A, which binds specifically to certain sugar residues, reduced attachment. It is suggested that these concanavalin A receptors on the lactobacillus are responsible for its attachment to crop epithelial cells.
Fast Scalable Supervised Hashing (2018)

Despite significant progress in supervised hashing, there are three common limitations of existing methods. First, most pioneer methods discretely learn hash codes bit by bit, making the learning procedure rather time-consuming. Second, to reduce the large complexity of the n by n pairwise similarity matrix, most methods apply sampling strategies during training, which inevitably results in information loss and suboptimal performance; some recent methods try to replace the large matrix with a smaller one, but the size is still large. Third, among the methods that leverage the pairwise similarity matrix, most of them only encode the semantic label information in learning the hash codes, failing to fully capture the characteristics of data. In this paper, we present a novel supervised hashing method, called Fast Scalable Supervised Hashing (FSSH), which circumvents the use of the large similarity matrix by introducing a pre-computed intermediate term whose size is independent with the size of training data. Moreover, FSSH can learn the hash codes with not only the semantic information but also the features of data. Extensive experiments on three widely used datasets demonstrate its superiority over several state-of-the-art methods in both accuracy and scalability. Our experiment codes are available at: https://lcbwlx.wixsite.com/fssh.
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Properties of Pyrimido[5,4-c ]cinnolin-2,4( 1H,3H)-diones (1995)

Department of Chemistry, University of Calicut, Calicut-673 635<br> <em>Manuscript received 2 November 1993, revised 16 February 1994, accepted 15 March 1994</em> Synthesis and Antimicrobial Properties of Pyrimido[5,4-c ]cinnolin-2,4( 1<em>H</em>,3<em>H</em>)-diones
Proteomic analysis of Escherichia coli protein fractions resistant to solubilization by ionic detergents (2016)

Amyloids are protein fibrils adopting structure of cross-beta spine exhibiting either pathogenic or functionally significant properties. In prokaryotes, there are several groups of functional amyloids; however, all of them were identified by specialized approaches that do not reveal all cellular amyloids. Here, using our previously developed PSIA (Proteomic Screening and Identification of Amyloids) approach, we have conducted a proteomic screening for candidates for novel amyloid-forming proteins in Escherichia coli as one of the most important model organisms and biotechnological objects. As a result, we identified 61 proteins in fractions resistant to treatment with ionic detergents. We found that a fraction of proteins bearing potentially amyloidogenic regions predicted by bioinformatics algorithms was 3-5-fold more abundant among the identified proteins compared to those observed in the entire E. coli proteome. Almost all identified proteins contained potentially amyloidogenic regions, and four of them (BcsC, MukB, YfbK, and YghJ) have asparagine- and glutamine-rich regions underlying a crucial feature of many known amyloids. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that at the proteome level there is a correlation between experimentally demonstrated detergent-resistance of proteins and potentially amyloidogenic regions predicted by bioinformatics approaches. The data obtained enable further comprehensive characterization of entirety of amyloids (or amyloidome) in bacterial cells.
ChemInform Abstract: Bioactive Heterocycles Containing Endocyclic N‐Hydroxy Groups (2015)

Abstract Review: 159 refs.
Modified Glycine Precipitation Technique for the Preparation ofFactor VIII Concentrate of High Purity and High Stability (1987)

A modification of the glycine precipitation method for the production of factor VIII concentrate is reported. In this procedure, cryoprecipitate was prepared, washed and dissolved in buffer. Contaminating fibrinogen was precipitated by the addition of 2.8 Mglycine buffer at 30 °C. The fibrinogen precipitate was removed by filtration using a layer of glass beads. Factor VIII was then precipitated from the filtrate by adding solid NaCl. After centrifugation, the precipitate was resuspended in buffer, desalted, sterilized by filtration, lyophilized and subjected to dry-heat treatment. The procedure gave a good recovery of factor VIII (280 IU/1) and seems applicable to large-scale production. The resulting factor VIII concentrate was especially characterized by its high purity (10 IU/mg) and stability both in the liquid state and during dry-heat treatment.
Preventing Attacks on Back-End Servers using Masquerading/Honeypots (2006)

Perhaps the most significant threats remaining to Web-based applications are back-end server attacks. In general, back-end servers are separate entities that contain more sensitive information such as a database than front-end servers which connect directly to client machines; these front-end servers are typically insulated from such malicious endeavors as denial-of service (DoS) attacks by the ability to massively replicate interfaces. Back-end servers cannot be replicated in the same manner and typically contain sensitive information that is more desirable to attackers; for this reason, back-end servers must be protected from malicious attacks by more stringent means. In this paper, a protective model for back-end servers are be outlined that can provide: (1) network isolation from unauthorized traffic; (2) blacklisting of misbehaving client traffic; and (3) a limitation of the effectiveness of back-end DoS attacks. This is accomplished by the novel combination of honeypot deployment, honeypot masquerading, and strict authentication for back-end server access
[Hemostatic and adhesive properties of fibrin tissue glue in an experiment]. (1991)

The authors compared in experiments the adhesive properties and haemostatic action of the foreign preparation Tissucol with a gluing system elaborated from locally produced constituents. The lack of availability of foreign fibrin tissue glues leads to their inadequate use in our departments. Readily available local preparations can reduce this shortcoming. They are, however, not adequately used so far. The objective of the present work was to test the adhesive and haemostatic action of several gluing systems, which differ by their fibrinogen concentration. The gluing systems were created by a similar composition and concentration as Tissucol. Experiments were performed on 22 rabbits under general i.v. and i.m. anaesthesia. The adhesive properties were tested by the firmness of a glued skin autotransplant, the haemostatic action by gluing a bleeding piercing wound of the liver. The authors proved the effectiveness of all used fibrin systems which have different qualities. The properties of Tissucol were matched only by a glue with a high fibrinogen and thrombin concentration. Our presentations can reliably replace foreign fibrin glues.
The manufacturing blueprint environment: Bringing intelligence into manufacturing (2017)

Manufacturers today are rapidly moving into a business climate that is characterized by the ability to fulfill orders on demand by doing business through short-term networks where they negotiate value-adding processes dynamically - taking into account quality, time, price, viability, sustainability, and other dimensions. This necessitates the use of novel technologies to help manufacturers connect their data, processes, systems, personnel and equipment to enable smart factories. This paper proposes a new manufacturing paradigm, called manufacturing blueprints, which allows manufacturers to move from a traditional product-centric business model to a fully digital, knowledge-based and service-centric one. Using this paradigm, manufacturers are able to combine manufacturing and equipment data and knowledge, production systems and processes to form a smart manufacturing network to diversify products and build new markets.
Geometry-induced reduction of the critical current in superconducting nanowires (2012)

Reduction of the critical current in narrow superconducting NbN lines with sharp and rounded bends with respect to the critical current in straight lines was studied at different temperatures. We compare our experimental results with the reduction expected in the framework of the London model and the Ginsburg-Landau model. We have experimentally found that the reduction is significantly less than either model predicts. We also show that in our NbN lines the bends mostly contribute to the reduction of the critical current at temperatures well below the superconducting transition temperature.
Lipase‐catalyzed alcoholysis of crambe oil and camelina oil for the preparation of long‐chain esters (2000)

Abstract Crambe oil and camelina oil were transesterified with oleyl alcohol, the alcohols derived from crambe and camelina oils, n ‐octanol or isopropanol using Novozym 435 (immobilized lipase B from Candida antarctica ), Lipozyme IM (immobilized lipase from Rhizomucor miehei ), and papaya ( Carica papaya ) latex lipase as biocatalysts. The highest conversions to alkyl esters were obtained with Novozym 435 (up to 95%) in most cases, whereas Lipozyme IM and papaya latex lipase gave lower (40 to 50%) conversions. The conversions with long‐chain alcohols (oleyl alcohol, crambe alcohols, and camelina alcohols) were higher (40 to 95%) than with medium‐chain n ‐octanol (30 to 85%). Isopropyl esters of crambe oil and camelina oil were obtained with rather low conversions using Novozym 435 (<40%) and Lipozyme IM (about 10%) as biocatalysts, whereas with papaya latex lipase no isopropyl esters were formed. The conversions of crambe oil and camelina oil to oleyl and n ‐octyl esters using Novozym 435 as biocatalyst were hardly affected by the ratio of the substrates, but with Lipozyme IM the conversions to alkyl esters distinctly increased with an excess of alcohol substrate