gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Pt]Polypyrrole: A New Organic Electrode Material (1981)

Films of BF <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</inf> -doped polypyrrole grown on platinum, hereafter termed [Pt]polypyrrole, were used as electrodes in a series of reactions. These organic electrodes are found to be quite stable and nonporous; they generally do not perturb the redox reactions of dissolved species and they display rapid surface-substrate electron-transfer kinetics. The polypyrrole films are sensitive to the presence of Lewis bases in solution, which apparently act as nucleophiles, leading to degradation of the electrode properties.
Interdisplinarity as a prescribed protocol for teamwork in family health: perception of health professionals (2009)

A Estratégia de Saúde da Família tem a redefinição do processo de trabalho com a articulação/integração de várias práticas profissionais na perspectiva interdisciplinar como um de seus principais desafios. No cotidiano de trabalho, os trabalhadores tomam decisões num confronto entre as prescrições impostas pelo meio e aquelas formuladas por eles mesmos, num processo de renormalização que se concretiza em práticas mais ou menos integradas. Conhecer os saberes oriundos dessa experiência pode contribuir para reorientar o trabalho em equipe no cotidiano dos serviços. Sendo assim, este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a interdisciplinaridade prescrita para o trabalho na Estratégia de Saúde da Família, a partir das percepções e expressões dos residentes e preceptores que participaram de um Curso de Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde da Família, na Região Sul do Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo de natureza qualitativa, realizado com 11 residentes de sete profissões de saúde e cinco preceptores. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevistas semi-estruturadas e grupo focal. A análise qualitativa seguiu os três passos sugeridos por Demo (2004): contextualização sócio-histórica, análise formal e interpretação, orientada pelo referencial teórico do processo de trabalho em saúde, da interdisciplinaridade e da ergologia. Da análise dos dados surgiram três grandes temas: Concepção de interdisciplinaridade; para acontecer o trabalho interdisciplinar; e contexto político-institucional. Concluímos que, no âmbito do que é prescrito, a interdisciplinaridade configura-se como algo contraditório e que dependeria, fundamentalmente, de atitudes individuais dos sujeitos envolvidos. No entanto, a prescrição idealizada se expressa em um cenário histórico-social que não depende só do sujeito, mas também de como ele se relaciona com o meio e com os coletivos de trabalho que lhe dão sustentação.
Integrating usability techniques into software development (2001)

Now merged into Siemens Medical Solutions Health Services, our company, formerly called Shared Medical Systems, creates clinical, financial, and administrative software for the healthcare industry. Like other medium to large companies, SMS had reached a scale and maturity level that required the development process to be documented, predictable, repeatable, measurable, and usable by the development groups. After much study and consideration, senior management committed to implementing a universal OO development methodology. Senior management recognized the need to improve customer satisfaction, which had always been high but needed to he better in an increasingly competitive market. Management saw the introduction of usability practices as a prime means to achieve this objective. So they began to place greater emphasis on usability-even to the point of building and staffing dual state-of-the-art usability labs. Our goal throughout the projects we describe was to combine the best OO analysis and design practices and usability techniques to create a powerful, unified way to develop software.
Formal Verification Applied to Attitude Control Software of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (2018)

Durante as últimas décadas, técnicas de verificação de modelos tem sido utilizadas para melhorar a confiabilidade de sistemas, no que diz respeito a veículos aéreos não-tripulados (VANTs). Contudo, existem poucos esforços focados em aplicar esses métodos ao controle de sistemas, especialmente os relativos à investigação de erros de implementação de baixo nível, os quais estão relacionados a controladores digitais e compatibilidade de hardware. O presente trabalho aborda os problemas mencionados e propõe a aplicação de uma ferramenta de verificação limitada de modelos, conhecida como Digital System Verifier (DSVerifier) ou Verificador de Sistemas Digitais, à verificação de implementação de sistemas digiais, com o objetivo de investigar problemas em controladores digitais projetados para sistemas de atitude em VANTs. Apresenta-se uma metodologia de verificação para procurar por erros de implementação relacionados a efeitos de tamanho de palavra finita (i.e, estouros aritméticos e ciclos-limites), em controladores de atitude de VANTs, juntamente com sua avaliação, o que visa garantir a corretude desses sistemas. Resultados experimentais mostram que falhas encontradas em software de controle de atitude de VANTs usados em vigilância aérea, as quais são dificilmente encontradas pro simulação e ferramentas de teste, podem ser facilmente identificadas pelo DSVerifier.
Motoring makes ready (1946)

In a world hungry for transport, whether it be for commercial or private use, automobile developments are a popular topic of conversation these days. Personal mobility has been so hedged in with restrictions, controls and exhortations to stay put, that this can be regarded more as a form of escapism than of selfish thinking.
UV disinfection of wastewater coagulated with ferric chloride: recalcitrance and fouling problems (1998)

Collimated beam and pilot tests using low pressure or medium pressure UV lamps were conducted to assess the disinfection performance of a municipal wastewater which had been pretreated by ferric chloride coagulation followed by sedimentation. The feed to the UV systems contained high levels of Fe (often above 3 mg/l); suspended solids and UV254 transmission values were also not ideal (mean approximately 30 mg/l and 32% respectively). The collimated beam tests indicated that the target level of 2,500 coliform forming units/100 ml often could not be reached, and the pilot tests revealed significant fouling after only a few hours. Thus physicochemical effluents of this nature likely require upstream filtration (or a relaxation of the target level) and a continual, automated cleaning system to ensure that performance levels can be maintained.
Kinetics of formation and reactivity of the persulfide in the one-cysteine peroxiredoxin from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (2019)

Hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) participates in prokaryotic metabolism and is associated with several physiological functions in mammals. H<sub>2</sub>S reacts with oxidized thiol derivatives (<i>i.e.</i> disulfides and sulfenic acids) and thereby forms persulfides, which are plausible transducers of the H<sub>2</sub>S-mediated signaling effects. The one-cysteine peroxiredoxin alkyl hydroperoxide reductase E from <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (<i>Mt</i>AhpE-SH) reacts fast with hydroperoxides, forming a stable sulfenic acid (<i>Mt</i>AhpE-SOH), which we chose here as a model to study the interactions between H<sub>2</sub>S and peroxiredoxins (Prx). <i>Mt</i>AhpE-SOH reacted with H<sub>2</sub>S, forming a persulfide (<i>Mt</i>AhpE-SSH) detectable by mass spectrometry. The rate constant for this reaction was (1.4 ± 0.2) × 10<sup>3</sup> m<sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> (pH 7.4, 25 °C), six times higher than that reported for the reaction with the main low-molecular-weight thiol in <i>M. tuberculosis</i>, mycothiol. H<sub>2</sub>S was able to complete the catalytic cycle of <i>Mt</i>AhpE and, according to kinetic considerations, it could represent an alternative substrate in <i>M. tuberculosis. Mt</i>AhpE-SSH reacted 43 times faster than did <i>Mt</i>AhpE-SH with the unspecific electrophile 4,4'-dithiodipyridine, a disulfide that exhibits no preferential reactivity with peroxidatic cysteines, but <i>Mt</i>AhpE-SSH was less reactive toward specific Prx substrates such as hydrogen peroxide and peroxynitrite. According to molecular dynamics simulations, this loss of specific reactivity could be explained by alterations in the <i>Mt</i>AhpE active site. <i>Mt</i>AhpE-SSH could transfer its sulfane sulfur to a low-molecular-weight thiol, a process likely facilitated by the low p<i>K<sub>a</sub></i> of the leaving thiol <i>Mt</i>AhpE-SH, highlighting the possibility that Prx participates in transpersulfidation. The findings of our study contribute to the understanding of persulfide formation and reactivity.
EVALUATING A STORE LOCATION (1990)

Store Location Assessment Model (SLAM) was developed initially to assist retail management in the assessment of store locations. Used by many of the UK′s leading retailers has shown the benefit of using the model as a general retail performance evaluation tool in addition to its function of assessing store locations. The development of the model while concentrating on its key applications in setting performance targets for existing sites, rationalising property portfolios, enabling management to understand the interactions of their particular retailing environment, and being able to assess new store locations is discussed. SLAM is in use in various fields ranging from consumer electricals, dry cleaning, fast food, clothing and petroleum retailing. In each application the pertinent variables change as do their weightings.
Noise Cancellation of Ocular and Muscular Artifacts from EEG Signals Based on Adaptive Filtering (2012)

The Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a useful tool for clinical diagnosis. Artifacts in EEG records are caused by various factors like line interference, Electro-oculogram (EOG), Electro-Cardiogram ECG, Electromyogram EMG. These noise sources increase the difficulty in analyzing the EEG and for obtaining proper clinical information. Regression based methods for removing various artifacts require various procedures for preprocessing and calibration that are inconvenient and time consuming. Independent Component Analysis (ICA) (1) method requires off-line processing of data collected from a sufficiently larger number of channels and its success depends on correct identification of noise components. When application requires real-time removal of artifacts or when calibration trials cannot be conducted owing to various constraints, this method becomes unsuitable. This paper describes a method of removing EOG and EMG artifacts from EEG based on adaptive filtering using RLS algorithm.
Racial Integration in the United States Army. (1987)

The internal and external ultrastructure of virtually all of the olfactory sensilla of the mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi have been described. Many other mosquitoes have had their olfactory complements partially described. This review summarizes ultrastructural features and suspected biological roles of the small sensilla coeloconica, large sensilla coeloconica, sensilla ampullaceae, grooved pegs and sensilla trichodea of mosquito antennae, and the capitate pegs of mosquito palps. In addition to a general review of the topic, several new points are raised: 1) the lamellate dendrite is the CO2-sensitive element in the capitate pegs of mosquitoes and in equivalent pegs of certain other insects; 2) the presence of the purported CO2-sensitive lamellate dendrite in many male mosquitoes and other biting flies argues for more widespread occurrence of males seeking out hosts for mating purposes; 3) the grooved pegs, considered to have a single apical pore are olfactory sensilla of the multiporous grooved type bearing many pores along their side grooves; and 4) the large sensilla coeloconica are multiporous grooved sensilla and may have structural and functional equivalences with grooved peg sensilla.
Revisiting the adipocyte: a model for integration of cytokine signaling in the regulation of energy metabolism (2015)

Adipose tissue constitutes an extremely active endocrine organ with a network of signaling pathways enabling the organism to adapt to a wide range of different metabolic challenges, such as starvation, stress, infection, and short periods of gross energy excess. The functional pleiotropism of adipose tissue relies on its ability to synthesize and release a huge variety of hormones, cytokines, complement and growth factors, extracellular matrix proteins, and vasoactive factors, collectively termed adipokines. Obesity is associated with adipose tissue dysfunction leading to the onset of several pathologies including type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, nonalcoholic fatty liver, or hypertension, among others. The mechanisms underlying the development of obesity and its associated comorbidities include the hypertrophy and/or hyperplasia of adipocytes, adipose tissue inflammation, impaired extracellular matrix remodeling, and fibrosis together with an altered secretion of adipokines. Recently, the potential role of brown and beige adipose tissue in the protection against obesity has been also recognized. In contrast to white adipocytes, which store energy in the form of fat, brown and beige fat cells display energy-dissipating capacity through the promotion of triacylglycerol clearance, glucose disposal, and generation of heat for thermogenesis. Identification of the morphological and molecular changes in white, beige, and brown adipose tissue during weight gain is of utmost relevance for the identification of pharmacological targets for the treatment of obesity and its associated metabolic diseases.
Optimal MBMS Power Allocation Exploiting MIMO in LTE Networks (2009)

In the frame of the Long Term Evolution (LTE) of mobile networks, the provision of rich multimedia services, such as Mobile TV, is considered of key importance for the LTE proliferation in mobile market. To this end, Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service (MBMS) is envisaged to play an instrumental role during LTE standardization process. MBMS was introduced in the Release 6 of Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) in order to deliver multimedia data from a single source entity to multiple destinations. However, downlink capacity in such networks is limited by base station transmission power. As an aftermath, in MBMS efficient power allocation techniques should be implemented so as to ensure the mass provision of multimedia applications to mobile users. In this paper we propose a power control scheme for efficient selection of MBMS bearers. The proposed mechanism on the one hand manages to economically utilize power resources during MBMS transmissions, while on the other hand exploits the performance enhancements emerged from Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antennas used in LTE networks. Simulation results indicate that the proposed scheme results to significant power and capacity improvements.
Midline radiofrequency tissue reduction of the palate for bothersome snoring and sleep‐disordered breathing: A clinical trial (2000)

This study is a prospective, nonrandomized clinical trial initiated to assess the safety and efficacy of radiofrequency tissue reduction of the palate for the treatment of bothersome snoring and sleep-disordered breathing. Twelve healthy volunteers with socially disruptive snoring underwent a baseline polysomnogram along with a battery of visual analog scales (VASs) to measure daytime sleepiness, snoring level, pain, and disturbances of speech and swallowing. After radiofrequency tissue reduction of the palate, they were re-evaluated with a mean follow-up after the final procedure of 15.7 +/- 5.1 (mean +/- SD) weeks. As rated by the bed partner, a significant reduction in the level of snoring occurred in all 12 patients, with a mean pretreatment snoring level of 8.3 +/- 2.1 to a mean posttreatment snoring level of 2.1 +/- 1.4. (Student t test, P < 0.0001) These patients required an average of 2.3 treatment sessions each. Nine of 12 had a reduction in snoring from a bothersome level (VAS range 5-10) to a nonbothersome level (VAS range 0-3). Daytime sleepiness as measured by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (0-24) decreased from 10.8 +/- 4.4 to 8.3 +/- 4.1 (P = 0.011). Posttreatment pain was considered absent or minimal in 11 of 12 patients and was managed with acetaminophen. No significant adverse events or complications were reported.
HYDROBORATION OF ALKENES AND ALKYNES WITH SODIUM BOROHYDRIDE CATALYZED BY TITANIUM COMPLEX (1984)

Abstract The titanium complex prepared from Cp2TiCl2 and NaBH4 in THF in the presence of crown ethers efficiently promotes the catalytic hydroboration of alkenes and alkynes with NaBH4 to give sodium alkyl- and alkenyl-borohydrides which are converted into alcohols and alkenes, respectively.
Antibacterial Activity of Three Macrofungi,<i>Ganoderma lucidum</i>,<i>Navesporus floccosa</i>and<i>Phellinus rimosus</i>Occurring in South India (2003)

Antibacterial activity of the methanol extract of three polypore macrofungi Phellinus rimosus, Ganoderma lucidum and Navesporus floccosa were studied. The activity was evaluated by hole-plate diffusion and microtitre plate dilution methods using Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeuroginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, and Bacillus subtilis. The methanol extract of P. rimosus and N. floccosa showed activity against all the strains at a concentration of 800 µg/well and 1 mg/well, respectively. The methanol extract of G. lucidum showed activity against E. coli, S. typhimurium and B. subtilis at a concentration of 1 mg/well. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of P. rimosus and N. flocossa were found to be 500 µg/well and 1 mg/well, respectively. The MIC of G. lucidum was also found to be 1 mg/well. Chemical analysis of the methanol extracts of these fungi indicated the presence of polyphenols, flavonoids, quinones and terpenes.
Polyclonal free light chains: a biomarker of inflammatory disease or treatment target? (2013)

Free light chains are proteins produced by B lymphocytes during the process of antibody synthesis. Their production, as a reflection of B cell activation, can give insight into the activity of the adaptive immune system. In recent years, an automated immunoassay that provides quantitative measurement of free light chains in the serum has been developed. This assay has not only revolutionised the investigation of monoclonal light chain overproduction in plasma cell diseases, but has also allowed for the quantification of polyclonal free light chains in serum. The discovery of high levels of polyclonal free light chains in a number of inflammatory and auto-immune conditions has led to the examination of their value as a biomarker of disease activity. Research into their bio-activity has also highlighted their potential role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory disease, making them an attractive target for novel therapies.
Experimental results of bulk acoustic wave transverse graded electrode patterns (2002)

This paper will present experimental results of various transverse graded electrode (TGE) patterns for bulk acoustic wave (BAW) resonators. The theory for the TGE BAW based on a stacked matrix theory has been previously introduced. By changing the electrode pattern structure, it is possible to predict and control the transverse mode shapes, and to some extent, the number and relative coupling to the various modes. Previous authors have presented single ring structures, which have shown some effects on the transverse modes. Based on theoretical predictions, several different types of BAW devices having an approximate center frequency of 10 MHz were designed, fabricated and tested. Electrode structures include various solid, single-ring and multi-ring electrode patterns. The various structures have different coupling to the higher order transverse modes and different equivalent circuit parameters and Q. Comparisons of predicted and measured device parameters which include impedance plots showing the effects of coupling, mode frequency separation, and equivalent electrical network parameters will be presented. A discussion of the measured results as related to the theoretical predictions will also be presented.
Isolation of Monocyte/Macrophage Populations (1995)

Abstract This unit describes the isolation of monocytes from lymphocytes by adherence, gradient sedimentation on colloidal silica particles, and flow cytometry. Because the first two methods can result in cell activation (induction of gene expression or protein secretion), and the third is technically difficult, a fourth protocol is presented which describes counterflow centrifugal elutriation. This latter procedure can be used to isolate large numbers of purified, nonactivated monocytes.
Sudanese Protest in the Turko‐Egyptian Era (2009)

In the nineteenth century the Sudan was subjected to a Turko‐Egyptian invasion. At the time of the invasion, the Funj and the Fur Kingdoms were the two strongest political organizations in Eastern and Central Bilad Al‐Sudan. The Funj Kingdom, with its capital in Sinnar, had since the midnineteenth century witnessed political struggles that had weakened its influence, and it became evident that the kingdom's fall was imminent.
Signal processing for cochlear implants and low-rate speech coding (2002)

Summary form only given. Cochlear implants are now established as a new option for individuals with profound (sensorineural) hearing impairment. Many of the cochlear implant patients are able to understand speech without lip-reading, and some can communicate over the phone. The success of cochlear implants can be attributed to the combined efforts of scientists from various disciplines including bioengineering, physiology, and signal processing. Signal processing, in particular, played an important role in the development of various techniques for deriving electrical stimuli from the speech signal. Depending on the type of spectral information that was extracted from the acoustic signal, different speech processing strategies were developed over the years. The amount of spectral information that can be derived from the speech signal and delivered to the electrodes is limited, since the implant users have a small number (6-22) of electrodes. The designers of cochlear implants, much like the designers of speech coders, are therefore faced with the challenge of developing signal processing strategies that can extract a small, yet sufficient, amount of spectral information from the speech signal without compromising speech intelligibility and/or quality. Cochlear implants also provide us with a unique opportunity to study speech perception and investigate the perceptual limits of the auditory system. We can investigate, for example, the effect of limited spectral and intensity resolution on speech understanding, and ask questions such as "What is the smallest number of channels or what is the smallest number of discriminable intensity steps needed to understand speech?" The answers to such questions could potentially be used for the design of very low rate speech coders. This article provides an overview of various signal-processing techniques that have been used for cochlear prosthesis over the past 25 years, and also present some results from our intelligibility studies on the number of channels and quantization steps needed to understand speech.