gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Use of Organometallic Chemistry for Hydrotreatment Catalyst Development (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A Simple and Flexible Method for Ranking Severe Weather Events (2006)

Abstract The notion of an “outbreak” of severe weather has been used for decades, but has never been formally defined. There are many different criteria by which outbreaks can be defined based on severe weather occurrence data, and there is not likely to be any compelling logic to choose any single criterion as ideal for all purposes. Therefore, a method has been developed that uses multiple variables and allows for considerable flexibility. The technique can be adapted easily to any project that needs to establish a ranking of weather events. The intended use involves isolating the most important tornado outbreak days, as well as important outbreak days of primarily nontornadic severe convective weather, during a period when the number of reports has been growing rapidly from nonmeteorological factors. The method is illustrated for both tornadic and primarily nontornadic severe weather event day cases. The impact of the secular trends in the data has been reduced by a simple detrending scheme. The effect of detrending is less important for the tornado outbreak cases and is illustrated by comparing rankings with and without detrending. It is shown that the resulting rankings are relatively resistant to secular trends in the data, as intended, and not strongly sensitive to the choices made in applying the method. The rankings are also consistent with subjective judgments of the relative importance of historical tornado outbreak cases.
A study of point defect detectors created by Si and Ge implantation (1993)

Short-time/low-temperature thermal oxidation is known to lead to point defect perturbations in silicon. This study investigates the interaction between oxidation-induced point defects and type II dislocation loops intentionally introduced in silicon via ion implantation. The type II (end-of-range) dislocation loops were introduced via implantation of either Si+ ions at 50 keV or Ge+ ions at 100 keV into &lt;100≳Si wafers at doses ranging from 2×1015 to 1×1016/cm2. Furnace anneals were done at 900 °C for times between 30 min and 4 h in both a dry oxygen and nitrogen ambient. The change in atom concentration bound by dislocation loops as a result of oxidation was measured by plan-view transmission electron microscopy. The results show type II dislocation loops can be used as point defect detectors. When Ge+ implantation was used to form the dislocation loops, a decrease in trapped atom concentration relative to the control was observed upon oxidation. These results imply that oxidation of high dose Ge+ implanted silicon results either in vacancy injection or provides an excellent sink for interstitials. It is also shown that when Si+ implantation is used to form the dislocation loops, the measured net interstitial flux trapped by dislocation loops is linearly proportional to the total supersaturation of interstitials determined by oxidation-enhanced diffusion studies done by Packan and Plummer [J. Appl. Phys. 68, 4327 (1990)].
Specialized Gas Chromatography—Mass Spectrometry Systems for Clinical Chemistry (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSpecialized Gas Chromatography—Mass Spectrometry Systems for Clinical ChemistryNathan Gochman and Lemuel J. BowieCite this: Anal. Chem. 1979, 51, 4, 525A–542APublication Date (Print):April 1, 1979Publication History Published online25 May 2012Published inissue 1 April 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50040a788https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50040a788research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views48Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Implementation of a comprehensive and robust MOSFET model in cadence SPICE for ESD applications (2002)

Electrostatic discharge (ESD) is a critical reliability concern for microchips. This paper presents a comprehensive computer-aided design tool for ESD applications. Specifically, the authors develop an improved and robust MOS model and implement such a model into the industry standard Cadence SPICE for ESD circuit simulation. The key components relevant to ESD in the MOS model are studied and the implementation procedure is discussed. Experimental data measured from the human body model tester are included in support of the model.
Age-Dependent Rise and Fall of Immunological Reactivity in the CBA Mouse<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref> (1966)

The age-dependent rise and fall of immunological reactivity were studied in the CBA mouse. The 19S antibody synthesis was considered both at the single cell level and as serum antibody titers (7S antibody production only as serum titers). Immediately after birth a rapid exponential increase of immunological reactivity lasted for approximately 1 month, followed by a slower rise. The peak of reactivity for both 19S and 7S antibody synthesis was reached when the mice were around 7 months of age, after which it began to decline slowly during the age periods tested (36 months). No evidence was found that the single antibody-producing cell in a senile mouse differed from that of a younger animal. The data strongly suggest that the decline of immunological reactivity was due to a decrease with age in the relative and absolute numbers of potential antibody-producing cells. The relative role of the spleen as antibody producer was the same, irrespective of age. The data are discussed with regard to earlier findings, and the possible implications for the increased frequency of tumors in old ages are considered.
Flow in Single and Twin Entry Radial Turbine Volutes (1988)

This paper presents a numerical analysis and experimental measurements of flows in the vaneless volute of a radial–inflow turbine. Cases of single and twin entry to the volute were studied, and in particular the case of unequal flows, or partial admission, to the two entries. The distance between the rotor tip and the limit of the internal wall separating the two flows was varied in order to study the effects of interaction of the two streams. The computational model is based on a quasi–three–dimensional solution of the Euler equations, in which the radial and tangential components of velocity are fully solved, but the axial component is only treated to simulate the mixing of the two streams. The results of the model were compared with published results for a single entry, and extensive new results for a single or twin entry, casing. Even in the single and equal flow twin–entry cases, significant variations in flow properties around the exit circumference of the volutes were observed, most particularly in the region of re–entry near the tongue. For unequal flows the interaction of the two streams was strong and increased with increasing separating wall diameter, and with increasing inequality of flow rates. In extreme cases the flow reverses.
School‐based study found that physical activity and aerobic fitness predicted increases in total body fat and abdominal fat at a mean age of 9.8 years (2018)

Our two-year follow-up of children with a mean age of 9.8 years at baseline showed that physical activity, aerobic fitness and body fat or abdominal fat predicted changes in total body fat or abdominal fat, but not the percentage of body fat.
Growth hormone induces CCAAT/enhancer binding in cultured rat hepatocytes protein a (C/EBP@ (2000)

Background/Aims: The transcription factor CCAATZ enhancer binding protein a (CZEBPa) is a transactivator of several genes in the liver, which are regulated by growth hormone. MetZzods: Growth hormone (100 nglml) was added to primary rat hepatocytes cultured on a lamininrich matrix. CZEBP mRNA and protein levels were measured by RNase protection assay and Western blotting, respectively. DNA binding activity was measured by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Results: Growth hormone treatment for 6 h to 3 days increased CZEBPa mRNA levels, Addition of growth hormone for 24 h and 4 days also enhanced the levels of the 42 and 30 kDa isoforms of immunoreactive CZEBPa. EMSA showed that addition
CONTROLLABILITY OF OPEN QUANTUM SYSTEMS (2012)

The problem of controllability of open quantum systems (i.e., quantum systems interacting with an environment), whose dynamics is described by a non-Markowian master equation is addressed. The manipulations of the dynamics is realized with both a laser eld and a tailored nonequilibrium, and generally time-dependent, state of the surrounding environment. Lie algebra theory is used to characterize the structures of the reachable states sets and to prove controllability. The theoretical results are supported by examples.
Scrape-off layer reflectometer for Alcator C-Mod (2008)

A two-frequency x-mode reflectometer operating from 100 to 146 GHz is deployed on Alcator C-Mod to measure the density profile and fluctuations in the scrape-off layer (SOL) immediately in front of the new J-port ICRF antenna and the new C-port lower hybrid launcher. The reflectometer covers densities from 10(16) to 10(20) m(-3) at 5-5.4 T. To provide the greatest flexibility and capability to deal with density fluctuations approaching 100% peak-to-peak in the SOL, both full-phase and differential-phase measurement capabilities with sweep speeds of approximately 10 micros to >1 ms are implemented. The differential-phase measurement uses a difference frequency of 500 MHz, corresponding to cutoff layer separations ranging from about 0.1 to 1 mm. The reflectometer has six sets of launchers: three on the ICRF antenna and three on the lower hybrid launcher. Both the ICRF antenna and the lower hybrid launcher incorporate reflectometer antennas at their top, bottom, and midplane locations.
Elemental sulfur- and selenium-induced intramolecular carbyne-carbyne coupling in trinuclear bis(carbyne) cobalt clusters. A novel entry into metalladithiolenes and metalladiselenolenes (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElemental sulfur- and selenium-induced intramolecular carbyne-carbyne coupling in trinuclear bis(carbyne) cobalt clusters. A novel entry into metalladithiolenes and metalladiselenolenesK. Peter C. Vollhardt and Eric C. WalborskyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 16, 5507–5509Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00354a070https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00354a070research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views103Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Plasma Polymerization of Amines and Acetone: Functionalized Surfaces for Microarray Applications (2007)

Abstract Plasma polymerization (PP) afforded amine as well as carbonyl containing films which are suitable for use in microarray analysis. The polymerization process with acetone (AC), ethylenediamine (EDA) and diethylamine (DEA) has to be performed in the presence of argon as a carrier gas to be successful. Different activation steps of the polymer based support yield surfaces which differ significantly in their elemental composition after the PP step. Angle dependent XPS proves a take off angle dependence of the carbonyl PP film in contrast to a homogeneous PP film for amine functionalized PP layers while microarray experiments have been successful for both functional films.
P‐63: <i>Distinguished Student Poster</i> : Effects of Glass Capacitance on the Performance of External Electrode Fluorescent Lamps (2007)

Abstract The efficiency of EEFLs with the new glass tube of high dielectric constant K∼6.6 and low dielectric loss tan δ, reaches 45 lm/W which is ∼ 20 % higher than 38 lm/W in the conventional glasses of K ∼ 5.5. And this new glass tube EEFL also shows a high reliability against pinholes.
Characterization of beta-adrenergic receptors in cultured bovine tracheal gland cells (1989)

We characterized the beta-adrenergic receptors that mediate secretory responses to isoproterenol in cultured bovine tracheal submucosal gland cells. Previous studies have shown that these cells have morphological and biochemical features characteristic of serous cells. Isoproterenol, epinephrine, and norepinephrine each stimulated the secretion of 35SO4-labeled macromolecules from these cultured serous cells with a rank order of potency (isoproterenol greater than epinephrine greater than norepinephrine) consistent with the presence of beta 2-adrenergic receptors. These functional studies were supported by radioligand-binding studies using [I125]-iodocyanopindolol (125I-CYP) to identify beta-adrenergic receptors. 125I-CYP binding to membrane particulates prepared from cultured serous cells was saturable and of high affinity (equilibrium dissociation constant 20 +/- 3 pM; mean +/- SE, n = 6) and was antagonized stereoselectively by propranolol. Adrenergic agonists competed for 125I-CYP-binding sites with a rank order of potency characteristic of the beta 2-adrenergic receptor subtype. A specific beta 2-adrenergic receptor antagonist, ICI 118.551, competed for a single class of 125I-CYP-binding sites with high affinity (inhibition constant 1.8 +/- 0.3 nM, n = 3). We concluded that the secretory response of cultured tracheal gland cells to isoproterenol is a response mediated by beta-adrenergic receptors of the beta 2 subtype.
P4‐385: Clinically Meaningful Cognitive and Functional Improvements with Tramiprosate in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) Patients with APOE4/4 Genotype: Subgroup Analyses From two Phase 3 Studies (2016)

ALZ-801, an oral amyloid aggregation inhibitor, which is being developed as a treatment for AD, is a pro-drug of tramiprosate with improved pharmacokinetics and GI tolerability. Tramiprosate, the active agent in ALZ-801, was evaluated in >2,000 patients in two Phase 3 studies in Mild to Moderate AD. The North American (NA) study results were not significant (Aisen, et al. 2011), and the EU study was prematurely terminated. We present Phase 3 efficacy in a subgroup of APOE4/4 patients, and pooled safety analyses that inform the design of an upcoming ALZ-801 Phase 3 study. The two RCTs were 78 weeks in duration with 3 parallel arms (placebo and 2 active doses), and patients with MMSE 16-26. In the EU study, most patients completed treatment only through week 52. In both studies, approximately 60% of subjects were carriers of the APOE4 allele, a covariate, and 15% of trial subjects were homozygotes. APOE4 subgroup analyses were pre-specified, but originally not performed. Analyses used the MMRM method. ITT population of NA study included 147 APOE4/4 patients. On ADAS-cog primary outcome, 150mg BID dose showed significant benefit at Week 65 (delta 3.5, p = 0.007) and 78 (2.6, p = 0.04); on co-primary CDR-SB showed: Week 65 (0.8, p = 0.06) and 78 (0.5, p = 0.21). These differences correspond to >30% efficacy benefit over placebo at Week 65. The EU study showed similar results at 52 weeks on observed case analysis. Pooled safety data included 2,025 patients overall, with 263 APOE4/4 patients, who showed a similar profile to overall population. The most common adverse events were mild to moderate gastrointestinal AEs, and only 5% led to withdrawal. There were no ARIA-E events in the MRI subset of patients treated with tramiprosate. In the APOE4/4 population, tramiprosate showed significant and clinically meaningful efficacy on cognition and a positive trend on function, consistent across visits. The long-term safety profile was favorable. Phase 3 study of ALZ-801, at a dose equivalent to tramiprosate 150mg BID, is planned in this genetically homogenous population known to have a high prevalence and burden of amyloid pathology.
Perfusion for malignant melanoma of the extremities (1963)

s of the Literature: International Abstracts of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery: New Growth: PDF Only
Tunneling reaction path for the interaction of silicon atom and water (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTunneling reaction path for the interaction of silicon atom and waterAkitomo Tachibana, Masahiko Koizumi, Hiroyuki Teramae, and Tokio YamabeCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 5, 1383–1387Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00239a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00239a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views85Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Group-Orthogonal Multicarrier CDMA (2004)

In the presence of frequency-selective multipath fading channels, code-division multiple access (CDMA) suffers from multiuser interference (MUI) and intersymbol interference (ISI); but when properly designed, it enjoys multipath diversity. Orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) is MUI-free, but it does not enable the available channel diversity without employing error-control coding. On the other hand, coded OFDMA may achieve lower diversity than a CDMA system employing the same error-control codes. In this paper, we merge the advantages of OFDMA and CDMA to minimize MUI effects, and also enable the maximum available diversity for every user. In our group orthogonal multicarrier CDMA (GO-MC-CDMA) scheme, groups of users share a set of subcarriers. By judiciously choosing group subcarriers, we guarantee that every user transmits with maximum diversity. MUI is only present among users in the same group, and is suppressed via multiuser detection, which becomes practically feasible because we assign a small number of users per group. Performance is analyzed, and simulations are carried out to illustrate the merits of GO-MC-CDMA relative to existing alternatives.
Melt Processability and Foam Suppression of High Molecular Weight Polyethylenes Plasticized with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (2008)

Abstract The purpose of this study is to determine to what extent CO 2 can be used as a processing aid to melt process polyethylenes of higher molecular weight than can be typically melt processed. To assess the ability to melt process high molecular weight polyethylenes with CO 2 , the viscosity of a 460 000 g/mol high density polyethylene (HDPE) plasticized with various amounts of absorbed CO 2 in an extrusion process was determined using a slit die rheometer that was attached to the end of the extruder. A relationship was developed to determine the maximum molecular weight polyethylene that could be processed at a given viscosity reduction due to absorbed CO 2 . This relationship was tested by using CO 2 to process a blend of 40 weight percent ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) and the 460 000 g/mol HDPE which lead to an equivalent molecular weight of 720 000 g/mol. The viscosity of the blend with 12 weight percent CO 2 was reduced to that of the pure 460 000 g/mol HDPE as predicted by the relationship. Preliminary studies using a pressurized chamber attached to the exit of the die allowed one to assess the conditions under which suppression of foaming within fibers or other extruded forms is possible.
Tryptophan concentrations in rat brain. Failure to correlate with free serum tryptophan or its ratio to the sum of other serum neutral amino acids (1976)

Groups of rats were deprived of food overnight and then given free access to diets designed to raise (carbohydrate) or lower (carbohydrate and large neutral amino acids) brain tryptophan concentrations. Similar diets were supplemented with 40% fat and fed to other groups. All animals were killed 2h after food presentation. Sera from animals fed carbohydrate plus fat contained 2.5 times as much free tryptophan concentrations did not differ. Similarly, sera from rats fed on carbohydrate, large neutral amino acids, and 40% fat contained 5 times as much free tryptophan as those from rats given this meal without fat, but brain tryptophan concentrations increased by only 26%. Correlations were made between brain tryptophan and (1) free serum tryptophan, (2) the ratio of free serum tryptophan to the sum of the other large neutral amino acids in serum that compete with it for uptake into the brain, (3) total serum tryptophan or (4) the ratio of total serum tryptophan to the sum of its circulating competitors. The r values for correlations (3) and (4) (i.e. those involving total serum tryptophan) were appreciably higher than those for correlations (1) and (2). Brain tyrosine concentrations also were found to correlate well with the ratio of serum tyrosine to the sum of its competitors. Competition for uptake into the brain among large neutral amino acids (represented here by serum ratios) thus appears to determine the changes in the brain concentrations of these amino acids under physiological conditions(i.e. after food consumption). Total, not free, serum tryptophan is the relevant index for predicting brain tryptophan concentrations.