gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cholera Toxin and Cell Growth: Role of Membrane Gangliosides (1974)

The binding of cholera toxin to three transformed mouse cell lines derived from the same parent strain, and the effects of the toxin on DNA synthesis and adenylate cyclase activity, vary in parallel with the ganglioside composition of the cells. TAL/N cells of early passage, which contain large quantities of gangliosides G(M3), G(M2), G(M1), and G(Dla), as well as the glycosyltransferases necessary for the synthesis of these gangliosides, bind the most cholera toxin and are the most sensitive to its action. TAL/N cells of later passage, which lack chemically detectable G(M1) and G(Dla) and which have no UDP-Gal:G(M2) galactosyltransferase activity, are intermediate in binding and response to the toxin. SVS AL/N cells, which lack G(M2) in addition to G(M1) and G(Dla) and which have little detectable UDP-GalNAc:G(M3)N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase activity, bind the least amount of toxin. The SVS AL/N cells are the least responsive to inhibition of DNA synthesis and stimulation of adenylate cyclase activity by cholera toxin. Gangliosides (especially G(M1)), which appear to be the natural membrane receptors for cholera toxin, may normally have important roles in the regulation of cell growth and cAMP-mediated responses.
Expression of Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug-activated Gene-1 in Human Nasal Mucosa and Cultured Nasal Epithelial Cells: A Preliminary Investigation (2003)

NAG-1 may be involved in differentiation and apoptotic processes of nasal epithelial cells. However, it is still unclear whether NAG-1 is an inducer or a byproduct of differentiation or apoptosis. The role of NAG-1 protein remains to be solved.
The Use of Silver in Self-Lubricating Coatings for Extreme Temperatures (1986)

The advantages and disadvantages of elemental silver as a tribological material are discussed. The relatively high melting point of 961°C, softness, marked plasticity, and thermochemical stability of silver combine to make this metal useful in thin film solid-lubricant coatings over a wide temperature range. Disadvantages of silver during sliding, except when used as a thin film, are shown to be gross plowing due to plastic deformation under load with associated high friction and excessive transfer to counterface surfaces. This transfer generates an irregular surface topography with consequent undesirable changes in bearing clearance distribution. This paper describes research to overcome these disadvantages of elemental silver. A comparison is made of the tribological behavior of pure silver with that of silver formulated with other metals and high-temperature solid lubricants. The composite materials are prepared by codepositing the powdered components with an airbrush followed by furnace heat treatment or by plasma-spraying. Composite coatings were formulated which are shown to the self-lubricating over repeated temperature cycles from low temperature to about 900°C.
Deadbeat internal model control for command following and disturbance rejection in discrete-time systems (2006)

Internal model control is an established technique in continuous-time linear control but has not been developed for discrete-time systems in the shift and delta domains. In this paper, we present a new linear algebraic solution to the multivariable command following and disturbance rejection problem that unifies continuous and discrete time. Furthermore, we present deadbeat internal model control for discrete-time systems in the shift and delta domains
Pan-cancer whole genome analyses of metastatic solid tumors (2018)

Abstract Metastatic cancer is one of the major causes of death and is associated with poor treatment efficiency. A better understanding of the characteristics of late stage cancer is required to help tailor personalised treatment, reduce overtreatment and improve outcomes. Here we describe the largest pan-cancer study of metastatic solid tumor genomes, including 2,520 whole genome-sequenced tumor-normal pairs, analyzed at a median depth of 106x and 38x respectively, and surveying over 70 million somatic variants. Metastatic lesions were found to be very diverse, with mutation characteristics reflecting those of the primary tumor types, although with high rates of whole genome duplication events (56%). Metastatic lesions are relatively homogeneous with the vast majority (96%) of driver mutations being clonal and up to 80% of tumor suppressor genes bi-allelically inactivated through different mutational mechanisms. For 62% of all patients, genetic variants that may be associated with outcome of approved or experimental therapies were detected. These actionable events were distributed across various mutation types underlining the importance of comprehensive genomic tumor profiling for cancer precision medicine.
The Prognostic Significance of Statin Therapy According to the Level of C-Reactive Protein in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients who Underwent Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (2003)

Background and ObjectivesAs well as lowering lipids, statins are known to possess antiinflammatory and antithrombotic properties.Recent studies have suggested an association between statins and the early reduction in deaths, or myocardial infarction following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).The aim of this study was to examine the interrelationship between inflammation, statin use and PCI outcomes in patients with an acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Subjects and MethodsA total of 340 patients with AMI, who underwent PCI between June 2000 and Dec 2001 at Chonnam National University Hospital, were divided into two groupsGroup I (n= 158, 58.910.7 years, male 82.9%) those with normal C-reactive protein (CRP) (<0.5 mg/dL, mean value=0.410.14 mg/dL) on admission and Group II (n=182, 60.112.4years, male 83.5%) those with elevated CRP (0.5 mg/dL, mean value=3.711.73mg/dL) on admission.ResultsThe levels of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, white blood cell, monocyte, creatine kinase (CK), CK-MB and troponin I and T were higher in Group II than in Group I. Severe coronary lesions (type B 2 /C lesion), according to American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association, were more frequently observed in Group II than in Group I.During the one year clinical follow up, major adverse cardiac events (MACE) occurred significantly more frequently in those patients with elevated CRP levels without statin therapy.Using a multiple logistic regression analysis, the independent predictors for the one year MACE werea CRP above 0.5 mg/dl, a left ventricular ejection fraction less than 40%, an age above 75 years, statin use and a type B 2 /C lesion on the coronary angiogram (p<0.001,=0.001, 0.002, 0.031 and 0.035, respectively).ConclusionStatin therapy significantly attenuates the increased risk for MACE in AMI patients, with elevated CRP levels, undergoing PCI. (
Treatment of Philadelphia1 Leukemia in Severe Combined Immunodeficient Mice by Combination of Cyclophosphamide and bcr/abl Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotides (1997)

Combination therapy with antisense [S]ODNs targeted to specific oncogenes and less toxic doses of anticancer drugs may represent a rational strategy to purpose for the treatment of human leukemias.
Scale Effects of Shallow Foundation Bearing Capacity on Granular Material (2007)

Scale effects of shallow foundation bearing capacity on granular materials were investigated to further evaluate the trend of decreasing bearing capacity factor, Nγ , with increasing footing width, B , observed by other researchers. Model-scale square and circular footing tests ranging in width from 0.025 to 0.914m were performed on two compacted sands at three relative densities. Results of the model-scale footing tests show that the bearing capacity factor, Nγ , is dependent on the absolute width of the footing for both square and circular footings. Although this phenomenon is well known, the current study used a large range of footing sizes tested on well-graded sands to show that the previously reported modifications to the bearing capacity factor, Nγ , using grain-size and reference footing width do not sufficiently account for the scale effect seen in the test results from this study. It also shows that behavior of most model-scale footing tests cannot be directly correlated to the behavior of full-scale tests because of differences in mean stresses experienced beneath footings of varying sizes. The relationship of the initial testing conditions (i.e., void ratio) of the sand beds and mean stress experienced beneath the footing (correlated to footing size) to the critical state line controls footing behavior and, therefore, model-scale tests must be performed at a lower density than a corresponding prototype footing in order to correctly predict behavior. Small footings were shown to have low mean stresses but high Nγ values, which indicates high operative friction angles and may be related to the curvature of the Mohr–Coulomb failure envelope.
DISCRETE ELEMENT METHOD AND ITS APPLICATION TO THE ANALYSIS OF PENETRATION INTO GRANULAR MEDIA (2004)

Application of discrete element method (DEM) to keel penetration in granular media is investigated. The basic relations for visco‐elastic granular media composed of spherical particles are presented, together with 5th order Gear predictor‐corrector scheme for time‐integration. The background version of DEM and numerical time integration algorithm are developed and implemented into DEMMAT code. The implementation of time‐integration algorithm is verified by simple tests concerning particle‐particle, particle‐wall interactions, for which analytical expressions exist. By limiting the size of the media domain, the three‐dimensional problem is reduced to particular case presented as two‐dimensional domain of spherical particles. The variation of keel reaction and distribution of the particle forces due to different material properties are investigated
Development of a nonlinear control strategy for the DC power transferring system (2011)

This paper presents a detailed control strategy to a PWM bidirectional DC-DC transferring system designed for high voltage, high power applications. The objective is to realize precise bidirectional power flow control between two DC grids, where the half bridge topology is adopted for the connection between them. By using the averaging technique, the system's nonlinear average model is derived, based on which the nonlinear control algorithm is proposed, to realize the current control. The proposed circuit and control strategies are simulated using SimPowerSystems and a comprehensive synthesis of the control algorithms is conducted, from the viewpoint of rapidity, robustness and system cost. It is verified that the proposed nonlinear control algorithm has a fast response, competent disturbance rejection ability and low cost. Although the structure studied here is the half bridge bidirectional converter, however, the controller design methods and the relative conclusions can be promoted to any type of structure in power transferring systems.
Coagglomeration of athabasca petroleum cokes with sulfur sorbents as a means of reducing sulfur emissions during combustion (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCoagglomeration of athabasca petroleum cokes with sulfur sorbents as a means of reducing sulfur emissions during combustionAbdul Majid, V. P. Clancy, and Bryan D. SparksCite this: Energy Fuels 1988, 2, 5, 651–653Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1988https://doi.org/10.1021/ef00011a008RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views47Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (356 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
On the Design and Installation of an Innovative Deepwater Taut-Leg Mooring System (1999)

Abstract The aim of this paper is to identify important design parameters and consolidate installation experiences from the recently installed deepwater taut-leg mooring system for Petrobras' P-27 semi-submersible floating production system offshore Brazil. The P-27 mooring system consists of 12 anchoring lines with polyester ropes and vertically loaded plate anchors (the World's first practical installation of VLAs). This paper emphasizes the innovative aspects of using polyester ropes for a permanent mooring system. Synthetic ropes have recently been employed in several offshore deepwater installations. Among various synthetic rope materials, polyester rope is the most popular due to its light weight, high strength, low elastic modulus, and relatively low manufacturing cost. On the other hand, synthetic rope is still in its early stages of practical offshore applications, and there are concerns regarding design methods, design criteria and installation techniques. This paper addresses these concerns by comparing dynamic mooring simulation results of the polyester mooring system with those of typical steel wire/chain mooring systems based on the P-27 design parameters. Discussions on the handling, installation, inspection and maintenance of the polyester mooring system included in this paper are based on the actual execution of the P-27 project. It is found that conventional mooring analysis and installation techniques can be conveniently adapted to provide a consistent performance evaluation and deployment strategy of the polyester taut-leg mooring system. Introduction With the recent rapid growth in deepwater production projects offshore Brazil, American Bureau of Shipping (ABS) is actively involved in the classification of several conversions including semi-submersibles and tanker-based FPSOs (Floating Production, Storage and Offloading) for Petrobras. Most of these floating platforms will be moored in ever increasing water depths. In deep water, the conventional catenary mooring systems become less stiff and have a larger horizontal spread, with much higher mooring component costs and payload penalties. To cope with these challenges, Petrobras is leading the offshore industry in utilizing new mooring systems for stationkeeping of these platforms, which include polyester ropes and/or VLAs in conjunction with the taut leg mooring systems. It is predicted that the use of these new systems will grow in the near future for deepwater mooring applications [Ref.1 & 2]. ABS is responsible for the classification of the P-27 for Petrobras. This paper will demonstrate the innovative aspects of using polyester ropes and VLAs for this permanent taut-leg mooring system through parametric studies.
Association between HLA Class I and Class II Alleles and the Outcome of West Nile Virus Infection: An Exploratory Study (2011)

Host HLA may be associated with the outcome of WNV disease; HLA-A*68 and C*08 might function as "susceptible" alleles, whereas HLA-B*40 and C*03 might function as "protective" alleles.
The Yoga-System of Patañjali, or the Ancient Hindu Doctrine of Concentration of Mind, Embracing the Mnemonic Rules, Called Yoga-Sūtras, of Patañjali, and the Comment, Called Yoga-Bhāshya, Attributed to Veda-Vyāsa, and the Explanation, Called Tattva-Vāiçāradī of Vāchaspati-Miçra (1914)

Of the ancient philosophies the dualism called Sankhya, the monism of the Vedanta and the Yoga system. Kauntiya mentions Sankhya and Yoga as current in his day. But the elements of yoga, rigorous austerities and control of the senses are one of the oldest discipline in ancient beliefs to attain shakti and spiritual power. The author's work continues in the tradition of austere scholarship.
Integrating Implicit Answers with Object-Oriented Queries (1991)

Queries in object-oriented datab;Lqcs are formulated against a class and retrieve instnnccls of the class sat,is-fying a certain predicate on the att,riblltes of the class. The presence of a class hierarchy, an integral part of any object-oriented data model, allows answers to be expressed implicitly in terms of classes and instances. This enables answers to be provided at different levels of abstraction. Shum and Muntz [SM88] presented a way of providing implicit expressions based on a taxonomy defined over the database. The algorithm presented in [SM88] is optimal in the length of the answer but the clarity of the answer is often poor. In this paper, the fo-cus is on coherent answers: implicit answers that are not necessarily optimal in the number of terms but are easy to comprehend. We show that a uniqlle coherent answer can be obtained efficiently in a top down nlanncr. Since the objective is to provide cohcrcnt, answers, and user queries are formulated by means of query operators to access the database, the standard query operators are redefined to obtain and manipulate coherent answers. Coherent answers are useful in coping with information complexity as they allow answers to be represented ab-stractly and are also a useful rctprescntation tool for complex information systems. 1
Clearance and Fragmentation of Tropical Deciduous Forest in the Tierras Bajas, Santa Cruz, Bolivia (2001)

Abstract: The Tierras Bajas is an area of 20,000 km 2 of lowland deciduous forest in eastern Santa Cruz, Bolivia, that has undergone rapid change during the past two decades. As part of the largest remaining area of intact deciduous tropical forest in the world, it has been nominated a priority area for conservation by several environmental organizations. We quantified the spatial and temporal patterns of deforestation in the area by digital processing of high‐resolution satellite imagery from 1975 through 1998. The estimated rate of deforestation was among the highest in the world for such a limited area, ranging from 160 km 2 /year in the early1980s to almost 1200 km 2 /year in the late 1990s. Although most deforestation up to 1984 was in Bolivian peasant and Mennonite colonies, most deforestation after 1984 was in non‐Mennonite industrial soybean farms. The level of fragmentation of uncut forest, caused by the spatial patterns of deforestation, also differed among these broad land‐use types. Deforestation in planned and spontaneous peasant colonies was complex in shape, forming relatively large areas of edge‐affected forest, whereas that in Mennonite and other industrial farms was in large, rectangular increments, creating relatively less edge. But the distribution of these farms and the practice of initially clearing around the peripheries of properties resulted in the isolation of large areas of forest. In 1998 four‐fifths of the remaining forest were either within 1 km of a clearance edge or in isolated fragments of <50 km 2 . Compared with deforested areas, the areas of isolated and edge‐affected forest were disproportionately large during the early stages of frontier colonization. These results imply that if the fragmentation effects of deforestation are to be minimized, conservation planning must occur at the earliest stages of frontier development.
Quantitation of human influenza virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes: correlation of cytotoxicity and increased numbers of IFN-γ producing CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells (1994)

To study virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity at the single cell level, an IFN-gamma specific ELISPOT assay was adapted to elucidate the frequency of influenza-specific CTLs together with a standard cytotoxic 51Cr-release assay. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from human volunteers were cultured with influenza virus-infected autologous cells; following 3 or 7 days of culture, T cell subsets were assessed for IFN-gamma production by IFN-gamma-specific ELISPOT and ELISA, while IFN-gamma mRNA expression was determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Influenza virus-specific CTL activity was measured in a 4 h 51Cr-release assay. Culture of PBMC with autologous A/Taiwan influenza (H1N1)-infected stimulator cells resulted in IFN-gamma spot forming cells (SFCs) at 3 days that increased after 7 days of incubation. Numbers of IFN-gamma SFCs directly correlated with levels of secreted IFN-gamma and higher levels were seen in supernatants from 7 day cultures. RT-PCR analysis (35 cycles of amplification) showed greater IFN-gamma mRNA in T cells isolated from 7 day cultures. Separate aliquots of T cells from these cultures were also assessed for virus-specific cytotoxicity and T cells from 7 day (but not from 3 day) cultures induced high 51Cr release. Analysis indicated a significant direct correlation between level of cytotoxicity, number of IFN-gamma SFCs, and amount of IFN-gamma in culture supernatants. Studies with purified T cell subsets showed that elevated IFN-gamma SFCs, IFN-gamma synthesis, and cytotoxic activity were associated with CD4-CD8+ T cells but not with the CD4+CD8- T cell subset.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Phased-Array Sources Based on Nonlinear Metamaterial Nanocavities. (2016)

Abstract Coherent superposition of light from subwavelength sources is an attractive prospect for the manipulation of the direction, shape and polarization of optical beams. This phenomenon constitutes the basis of phased arrays, commonly used at microwave and radio frequencies. Here we propose a new concept for phased-array sources at infrared frequencies based on metamaterial nanocavities coupled to a highly nonlinear semiconductor heterostructure. Optical pumping of the nanocavity induces a localized, phase-locked, nonlinear resonant polarization that acts as a source feed for a higher-order resonance of the nanocavity. Varying the nanocavity design enables the production of beams with arbitrary shape and polarization. As an example, we demonstrate two second harmonic phased-array sources that perform two optical functions at the second harmonic wavelength (∼5 μm): a beam splitter and a polarizing beam splitter. Proper design of the nanocavity and nonlinear heterostructure will enable such phased arrays to span most of the infrared spectrum.