gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Stress Urinary Incontinence (2000)

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is defined as urinary leakage secondary to an increase in abdominal pressure (valsalva maneuvers, which place “stress” on the bladder and bladder support mechanisms) and is classified for treatment purposes by urologist into anatomic hypermobility of the bladder neck and proximal urethra, intrinsic sphincteric deficiency, or a combination of both. Anatomic hypermobility-related SUI (accounting for 85% of SUI) develops most commonly with aging, hormonal changes, traumatic or prolonged vaginal delivery, and pelvic surgery. Some patients with a well-supported bladder neck and urethra will still have SUI due to intrinsic sphinteric deficiency (15% of SUI). In these cases, intrinsic sphinteric deficiency may be owing to damage of the urethral closure mechanism after prior pelvic or anti-incontinence procedures, pelvic radiation, trauma, or neurogenic and medical disorders resulting in denervation injury.
Association of simian virus 40 (SV40) with pediatric renal disease (2002)

unaffordable for developing world.
Synthesis of oxiranes from aqueous solutions of simple alkyl, allyl, and benzylsulfonium salts (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of oxiranes from aqueous solutions of simple alkyl, allyl, and benzylsulfonium saltsMelvin J. HatchCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1969, 34, 7, 2133–2137Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01259a023https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01259a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views365Altmetric-Citations60LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Physical and Photophysical Properties of Rhenium(I) Tetracarbonyl Complexes (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Morphological Variation in Western Trailing Blackberry (Rubus ursinus) in the Pacific Northwest (1995)

Trailing blackberry cultivars, such as `Marion', can be traced to relatively few chance selections of Rubus ursinus Cham. & Schlecht. Wild R. ursinus offer a range of horticulturally desirable traits to breeders, from high fruit quality to improved cold hardiness. Cuttings from 460 plants, representing 20 populations in southern British Columbia, Washington, and Oregon, collected in 1993. Rooted clones were planted in 1994 in a replicated field trial to assess morphological variation. A greenhouse study was also undertaken, with 10 clones represented from each site, in two replications. Preliminary data from the greenhouse and field studies show variability in the following morphological characters: Glandular hairs; cane and prickle color; cane diameter; prickle density; internode length; leaf color, size, shape and density; and senescent leaf drop and color change. Floricane morphology will be assessed in 1995. Analysis of these data will determine relative genetic distances among the populations and enhance the understanding of the diversity available in R. ursinus .
The Impact of Omic Technologies on the Study of Food Microbes (2011)

The advent of the molecular biology era in the 1950s and the subsequent emergence of new technologies positively impacted on all areas of biology. New discoveries in molecular biology and experimental tools were developed over the next 60 years that have revolutionized the study of food microbiology. Previously, food microbiology relied on classic microbiology techniques, which had remained relatively unchanged since the discoveries of Louis Pasteur in the 1800s. More recently, new advances resulting in "omic" technologies have exploded the areas of genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics and revealed many fundamental processes driven by both pathogens and commensals. This review outlines advances in omic technologies and how these have impacted food microbiology through providing examples of recently published landmark work.
Building Technology Trust in a Rural Agricultural e‐Marketplace: A User Requirements Perspective (2015)

Abstract Technologies that are widely perceived to bring value to users in the context of developed countries are not always readily adopted in the developed world. This study uses theories from trust literature to propose that, for users to adopt technology to enhance their effectiveness in terms of their livelihoods, they must be convinced that the technology will work in their best interests and will perform its intended purpose reliably or predictably. The user's experience with the technology must result in positive expectations with respect to its functionality, usefulness and reliability. Moreover, the manner in which the technology is conceptualised, designed and implemented will have a strong bearing on the user's perception of its trustworthiness. Rural users with limited experience of information and communication technologies (ICTs) are particularly sceptical about the role technology can play in their income‐generating activities. Therefore, if technology is to be adopted successfully by its intended users, it is critical that an approach to software development should be used that enhances users’ perceptions of its trustworthiness. This paper presents a model for the development of trustworthy applications for rural users with limited experience with ICTs. The model is based on an action research project involving the deployment of a voice‐driven e‐marketplace targeted at a rural aloe farming community. The model proposes that the manner in which requirements are defined and managed will influence the extent to which the users can trust the technology.
Chemical Contributions to Neurodevelopmental Disorders (2017)

Children increasingly receive diagnoses of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Causes are multifactorial, but growing consensus identifies environmental factors, especially chemical exposures, as primary drivers, with some individuals more genetically susceptible to these external pressures than others. Our current system of chemical management prioritizes rapid commercialization over disease prevention. This strategy privatizes economic benefits but socializes health costs. The evidence linking chemical exposure to neurodevelopmental risk merits greater attention by regulators. Public health concerns, particularly for children and other vulnerable groups, should be elevated in chemical risk assessment. The financial and emotional burden of preventable NDDs on U.S. children and their families calls for comprehensive policy attention.
Comparative Study on the Reactivity of 6‐Haloimidazo[1,2‐<i>a</i>]pyridine Derivatives towards <i>Negishi‐</i> and <i>Stille</i>‐Coupling Reactions (2003)

Abstract The scope of the Suzuki ‐cross‐coupling reaction of 6‐haloimidazo[1,2‐ a ]pyridines is dependent on the availability of the (hetero)arylboronic acids. Thus, with the aim to develop expanded applications of (hetero)arylations of imidazo[1,2‐ a ]pyridines, we investigated the Negishi ‐ and Stille ‐cross‐coupling reactions at the 6‐position. Remarkably, attempts to apply the Negishi ‐cross‐coupling conditions to the organozinc derivative prepared from 6‐haloimidazo[1,2‐ a ]pyridine via a lithiumzinc exchange led to the 5‐phenyl compound 3 in 54% yield instead of the desired 6‐phenyl isomer ( Scheme 1 ). In contrast, various commercially available halogenated five‐ or six‐membered‐ring heterocycles were efficiently coupled to the 6‐(trialkylstannyl)imidazo[1,2‐ a ]pyridine under Stille conditions ( Table 2 ).
Data processing for atomic resolution holography (2019)

Abstract In photoelectron holography, the intensity of the angular distribution of photoelectrons is measured to obtain a hologram. Thus, a hologram can be defined as a function on a sphere. X-ray fluorescence holography is similar to photoelectron holography. In this study, we describe methods for representing spherical functions that are suitable for atomic resolution holography, and the theory of conversion from the coordinate system of measurement to the various projections. We describe methods for rotational transformations and symmetry operations for atomic resolution hologram and the image composition from measured hologram fragments. In addition, several ways to remove the background from the raw hologram data are discussed.
The motion of bubbles in a vertical temperature gradient (1959)

It has been observed experimentally that small bubbles in pure liquids can be held stationary or driven downwards by means of a sufficiently strong negative temperature gradient in the vertical direction. This effect is demonstrated to be due to the stresses resulting from the thermal variation of surface tension at the bubble surface. The flow field within and around the bubble is derived, and an expression for the magnitude of the temperature gradient required to hold the bubble stationary is obtained. This expression is verified experimentally.
Control temprano de áfidos transmisores del virus del enanismo amarillo de la cebada (Barley yellow dwarf virus) con formulaciones granuladas de insecticidas sistémicos de liberación lenta (1990)

ARAYA, J. E.; J. E. FOSTER; M. M. SCHREIBER; R. E. WING; A. FERERES; J. L. TADEO y P. CASTANERA, 1990: Control temprano de afidos transmisores del virus del enanismo amarillo de la cebada (barley yellow dwarf virus) con formulaciones granuladas de insecticidas sistemicos de liberacion lenta. Bol. San. Veg. Plagas, 16 (IV 195-203. Slow release systemic insecticides were applied (at a standard dosage of 10 kg/ha of carbofuran 10G) on potted Caldwell wheat, in laboratory tests at Purdue Univ. (Lafayette, Indiana, USA) and INIA-Madrid. The residual action of acefate and carbofuran encapsulated in pearl corn starch (a) or corn flour (b), against Rhopalosiphum padi (L.), was compared (experiment 1) with commercial carbofuraan (15G) and acefate 25EC at 0.2% and carbofuran 4F at 1.25% applied to the foliage 12 d after emergence. Carbofuran 15G was the only treatment that controlled R. padi from the emergence, with a residual action of 32.5 d after seeding. Slow release granular carbofuran began to provide control of R. padi (> 50% mortality) on days 13.3 (a) and 17.9 (b), with residual effect through days 31.6 (a) and 35.5 (b) after seeding. The corresponding formulations of acefate began to provide control on days 15.0 (a) and 17.0 (b), with residual action through days 31.5 and 32.8 after seeding. Acefate and carbofuran to the foliage controlled > 50% R. padi for 18.3 and 36.2, respectively. Greater dosages of disulfoton in pearl corn starch and carbofuran in corn flour (experiment 2) obtained 70.5 and 32.5 d of residual effect against Diuraphis noxia respectively. Disulfoton in pearl corn starch obtained 51.7 d residual effect against Metopolophium dirhodum.
Multiphoton ionization spectroscopy of acetaldehyde in its lowest Rydberg state (1980)

The multiphoton ionization spectrum of acetaldehyde vapor, two photon resonant at the n→3s Rydberg transition, has been studied at 1 cm−1 resolution. Vibrational analysis shows that the molecule remains planar in the resonant state, and that the methyl group torsional barrier has a value of 755±10 cm−1 in that state, compared to 413 cm−1 in the ground state. GTO calculations in the ground state and in the lowest ionic state are only partly successful in explaining the barrier. The Rydberg nature of the resonant state has been verified by the extreme broadening of its two photon absorption when pressurized by ?80 atm of argon. Due to the near resonance of the first absorbed photon with the (n,π*) state, the multiphoton transition is extraordinarily intense; the origin band is at 55 039 cm−1, and displays a circular-to-linear polarization ratio varying from 0.08 to 0.8 depending upon the laser power and sample pressure.
A Direct Least-Squares (DLS) method for PnP (2011)

In this work, we present a Direct Least-Squares (DLS) method for computing all solutions of the perspective-n-point camera pose determination (PnP) problem in the general case (n ≥ 3). Specifically, based on the camera measurement equations, we formulate a nonlinear least-squares cost function whose optimality conditions constitute a system of three third-order polynomials. Subsequently, we employ the multiplication matrix to determine all the roots of the system analytically, and hence all minima of the LS, without requiring iterations or an initial guess of the parameters. A key advantage of our method is scalability, since the order of the polynomial system that we solve is independent of the number of points. We compare the performance of our algorithm with the leading PnP approaches, both in simulation and experimentally, and demonstrate that DLS consistently achieves accuracy close to the Maximum-Likelihood Estimator (MLE).
Organization Analytics: Taking Cost-per-Dollar-Obligated (CPDO) Measures to the Next Level in Defense Contracting (2016)

Naval Postgraduate School Acquisition Research Program
COMPARACION DE TECNOLOGIAS PARA LA REDUCCION DE EMISIONES CONTAMINANTES EN AUTOBUSES URBANOS (2009)

Exhaust emissions restrictions are continuously increasing. Engine manufacturers are working in the development of new systems that could control those emissions. In this paper, two alternatives (exhaust gas recirculation + particulate filter and selective catalytic reduction + urea) are compared on urban buses using onboard measurements along a route that includes low and high driving speed stretches. Furthermore, the use of diesel and biodiesel as fuels has been compared too.
Long-term Effects of Botulinum Toxin on Neuromuscular Function (2007)

Botulinum toxin causes dose-dependent long-term neuromuscular changes. The loss of tension generating capacity is almost exclusively related to muscle atrophy, because the specific tension did not change. The decreased ED10, unaltered ED50, and increased ED90 to atracurium suggest its interactions with different isoforms of receptors having varying sensitivity to atracurium. The absence of fade, despite the persistent botulinum toxin-induced denervation (increased nAChRs), suggests that the up-regulated nAChRs may have compensated for the prejunctional effects of botulinum toxin.
Keynote address convergence of web services, grid services and business processes (2004)

Provides an abstract of the keynote presentation and may include a brief professional biography of the presenter. The complete presentation was not made available for publication as part of the conference proceedings.
“Fast” quasilongitudinal sagittally polarized surface waves in layer-substrate structures (2000)

The propagation of surface sagittally polarized waves on the plated surface of a semi-infinite medium with the phase velocity exceeding that of bulk quasitransverse sagittally polarized waves in the substrate is studied analytically and numerically. Such a surface wave is shown to exist in nonpiezoelectric and piezoelectric composites provided both the sagittal plane and the interface are planes of elastic symmetry of the layer and substrate. In the case of a nonpiezoelectric structure, the "fast" surface wave is one-component, involving only the quasi-longitudinal nonuniform mode in the substrate. In piezoelectrics this wave is two-component and incorporates the quasilongitudinal mode and the mode of electrical potential in the substrate. The "fast" wave exists at definite values of the velocity nuF and the layer thickness/wavelength ratio (h/lambda)F. It has been found that one or two surface waves can arise for the same direction of propagation at different nuF and (h/lambda)F, in the case of two surface solutions, both the values of (h/lambda)F being small. The approximate expressions are derived which allow one to elucidate whether the structure under consideration can support the "fast" surface wave and to estimate the corresponding nuF and (h/lambda)F. A comparison is performed of numerical and analytical results.
A Case of Chlorosis and Amenorrh a with Symptoms of Brain Disease (1894)

CIHLOROSIS WITII SYMPTOMS OF IBRAIN DISEASE.
Preliminary Investigations of a Low-Cost Ultrawideband Array Concept (2009)

A design concept is presented that achieves ultra wideband (UWB) array performance with significantly fewer elements than the traditional approach of using a single wideband antenna element type to fully populate the array. Starting from a conventional 8:1 bandwidth array design of a given aperture size, an array of equivalent aperture and bandwidth is created using scaled elements of three different sizes. This wavelength-scaled equivalent array has fewer than 18% of the original element count, i.e., roughly 6-times fewer elements, a similar reduction in weight, and most importantly, a significant reduction in electronics required to feed the array. If proven viable, array architectures of this type could make UWB arrays significantly more cost effective. In this preliminary numerical study, rigorous full-wave simulation tools are used to test the performance of small but informative wavelength-scaled array configurations of flared-notch radiators for the single-polarization case.
Tuotantotestauksen mittausdatan analysointi (2009)

Tässä insinöörityössä tutkittiin Fastrax Oy:n oman tuotantotestauksen tuottamaa mittausdataa, joka on tallennettu tietokantaan. Tarkoituksena oli selvittää, miten tietokantaan tehtäviä hakuja saataisiin tehokkaammiksi ja nopeammiksi, jotta voitaisiin paremmin analysoida tietoa. Aluksi selvitettiin tietokannan rakennetta ja sitä miten sen taulut liittyvät toisiinsa sekä mitkä taulut mahdollisesti tuottavat ongelmia hakujen yhteydessä. Hakuaikojen parantamiseksi luotiin uudet indeksit ja optimoitiin tietokanta sekä kiinnitettiin huomiota hakutapaan. Vaadittavat haut tietokantaan suoritettiin SQL-kielellä tehdyillä koodeilla. Työn suorituksessa ohjelmana oli Microsoft SQL Server ja siihen kuuluvat SQL Query Analyzer sekä SQL Server Enterprise Manager.\n\nTietokantaan suoritettujen huoltotoimenpiteiden jälkeen huomattiin hakuaikojen yleisesti nopeutuneen huomattavasti. Kun jollain tietyllä sarjanumerolla suoritettiin haku, hakuaika oli pudonnut kolmesta tunnista noin minuuttiin. Toisaalta ryhmänumeron hakuaika, joka oli aluksi viisi tuntia, oli edelleen turhan korkea. Kun haku suoritettiin kolmessa eri osassa, päästiin noin kymmenestä minuutista alle viiden minuutin tulokseen. Jaetussa haussa hyödynnettiin ohjelmiston välimuistia, johon aina edellinen haku tallentui. Jaettu haku toteutettiin etenemällä tietokannassa askel kerrallaan, kunnes saavutettiin haluttu tieto.\n\nTyön tavoitteet saavutettiin osittain. Sarjanumerolla tehdyt haut saatiin tarpeeksi nopeiksi mutta ryhmänumerolla suoritetut haut jäivät pidemmiksi kuin tavoitteena oli. Ryhmänumerolle suoritettu indeksointi ei onnistunut odotetusti, ja se vaatiikin vielä parantelua. Tietokannan kunnolla on todella suuri vaikutus hakuaikoihin, kuten tuloksista huomattiin, varsinkin jos tietokanta on useita kymmeniä gigatavuja. Ryhmänumeron hidas hakuaika johtui sen sisältämästä suuresta tietomäärästä. Hakuaikaa pystytään todennäköisesti parantamaan luomalla parempi indeksi. Paremman indeksin kehittämisessä tulee kiinnittää huomiota tietokannan rakenteeseen ja siihen, mitä tietoa halutaan saada nopeammin uudella indeksillä. Kun hakuajat pysyvät maksimissaan minuutissa, voidaan datan analysointia tehdä useammin, ja näin saadaan selville nopeammin tuotteissa olevat viat. Suuri tietokanta tulisi optimoida ainakin kaksi kertaa vuodessa.
Etude de procédés d'électro-oxydation indirecte de composés aromatiques par l'emploi d'ions métallique (1989)

• A standardized, checklist-based handover intervention was associated with improvements in team set-up and information transfer. Provider outcomes such as mental workload and stress did not change over time. • The combination of teamwork and provider assessments allows a more nuanced understanding of implementation barriers and sustainable effects in course of OR-PICU handover interventions.
Automatic capture, representation, and analysis of user behavior (2002)

The goal of this workshop is to explore the implications of automated capture and analysis of user behaviors on HCI and UE research.
Visual Attention in Quality Assessment (2011)

Perceptual quality metrics are widely deployed in image and video processing systems. These metrics aim to emulate the integral mechanisms of the human visual system (HVS) to correlate well with visual perception of quality. One integral property of the HVS is, however, often neglected: visual attention (VA) [1]. The essential mechanisms associated with VA consist mainly of higher cognitive processing, deployed to reduce the complexity of scene analysis. For this purpose, a subset of the visual information is selected by shifting the focus of attention across the visual scene to the most relevant objects. By neglecting VA, perceptual quality models inherently assume that all objects draw the attention of the viewer to the same degree.
Antimuscarinic 3-(2-Furanyl)quinuclidin-2-ene Derivatives:  Synthesis and Structure−Activity Relationships (1997)

A series of 25 derivatives of the muscarinic antagonist 3-(2-furanyl)quinuclidin-2-ene (4) was synthesized and evaluated for muscarinic and antimuscarinic properties. Substitution at all three positions of the furan ring has been investigated. The affinities of the new compounds were determined by competition experiments in homogenates of cerebral cortex, heart, parotid gland, and urinary bladder from guinea pigs using (-)-[3H]-3-quinuclidinyl benzilate as the radioligand, and the antimuscarinic potency was determined in a functional assay on isolated guinea pig urinary bladder using carbachol as the agonist. Several of the novel derivatives displayed high muscarinic affinities. Whereas the affinity of lead compound 4 for cortical muscarinic receptors is moderate (Ki = 300 nM), it is much higher for the 5-methyl (48; Ki = 12 nM), 5-ethyl (52; Ki = 7.4 nM), 5-bromo (33; Ki = 6.4 nM), and 3-phenyl (49; Ki = 2.8 nM) substituted derivatives. The substituent-induced increases in affinity do not appear to be additive as a 5-bromo-3-phenyl (54), and a 5-methyl-3-phenyl (55) substitution pattern only slightly increases affinity (Ki = 1.55 and 2.39 nM, respectively). The conformational preferences of the 3-phenyl (49) and 5-phenyl (51) derivatives were studied by X-ray crystallography and molecular mechanics calculations. Because of the observed high affinity of 49, a series of 16 meta- and para-substituted analogues of 49 was synthesized and tested. The m-hydroxy derivative (68) exhibited more than 10-fold improvement in affinity as compared to 49. The structure-activity relationships of the new series are well described with QSAR and CoMFA models.