gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hepatocyte growth factor and the kidney (2002)

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its specific c-met receptor constitute a paired signaling system that plays an important role in renal development and in the maintenance of normal adult kidney structure and functions. HGF elicits potent mitogenic, motogenic, morphogenic, and antiapoptotic activities in renal tubular epithelial cells. The nature of these pleiotropic actions renders it to be specifically suited to preserve and to reconstitute the structural and functional integrity of renal tubules after acute renal injury. Emerging evidence also indicates that both endogenous and exogenous HGF are beneficial by inhibiting the onset and progression of chronic renal diseases in various animal models. Administration of exogenous HGF protein, or its gene, effectively inhibits the activation of matrix-producing myofibroblasts, attenuates extracellular matrix deposition and interstitial fibrosis, and suppresses profibrogenic cytokine transforming growth factor-beta1 and its type I receptor expression in vivo. Hence, although more studies are warranted to further clarify its role in various chronic renal fibrosis models, delivery of either HGF or its gene may hold promise as a novel therapeutic strategy for promoting initial protection and subsequently regenerative repair after acute insult, and for ameliorating renal fibrosis and kidney dysfunction in chronically diseased conditions.
Investment Incentives and Guarantees in the Republic of China, the Republic of Korea, Thailand, and the People's Republic of China (1984)

This note will focus on direct investment in four countries in Southeast Asia: the Republic of China (ROC), the Republic of Korea (ROK or South Korea), Thailand, and the People's Republic of China (PRC). Despite similar goals, these four countries differ significantly in their treatment of foreign investors.
EXPERIMENTS IN THE ENRICHMENT OF HELIUM WITH THE He$sup 3$ ISOTOPE (1956)

A description of equipment for the enrichment of natural He with the isotope He/sup 3/ by a factor of 10/sup 5/ to 10/sup 6/, using the thermo- mechanical effect and rectification, and also of an installation for concentrating the He/sup 3/ -- He/sup 4/ mixture, so as to obtain He/sup 3/ with a purity of 99.95 to 99.97%. An evaluation is made of the maximum possible degree of enrichment of the mixture by means of the thermomechanical effect under various conditions.
An optical heterodyne mixer providing image-frequency rejection (1986)

This paper describes an optical heterodyne mixer which detects a desired signal at frequency <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">f_{LO} \pm f_{IF}</tex> while rejecting interference from any signal at the image frequency <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">f_{LO} \pm f_{IF}</tex> . Implementation of the mixer is relatively simple. Its performance is insensitive to fluctuations in the optical dimensions of the circuit. This mixer is particularly attractive for communication systems using wavelength division multiplex techniques.
Optoelectronic Tweezers for Manipulation of Cells and Nanowires (2007)

Optoelectronic tweezers (OET) is a new optical manipulation technique to trap individual particles with sizes ranging from tens of nanometers to hundreds of micrometers [1]. Using optically-controlled dielectrophoretic force, OET enables complex, dynamic manipulation functions using light intensities up to 100,000 times lower than that of conventional laser tweezers. This paper will review the principle of the OET, and highlight recent advances in manipulating semiconductor nanowires and biological cells in culture media.
Experiments in First Story Detection (2005)

The Linguistic Data Consortium (LDC) has developed data sets of news stories from various sources for the Topic Detection and Tracking (TDT) initiative, an ongoing project for the advancement of text search technologies. A First Story Detection (FSD) application was applied to several data sets from this collection. This task requires identifying those stories within a large set of data that discuss an event that has not already been reported in earlier
Numerical calibration of the spatial overlap for subtraction microscopy (2015)

Recently proposed subtraction microscopy provides a simple and compact approach to enhance the spatial resolution. However, inevitable imperfect overlap of the Gaussian and donut spots could deteriorate the quality of the subtracted images, while this effect is rarely investigated quantitatively. Based on vector diffraction theory, the effects of spatial displacements on the image resolution, signal intensity, and subtraction threshold are studied with several microscope parameters here. The peak-position shift is found to be a useful and convenient parameter to inspect and calibrate the spatial overlap of excitation spots in such microscopes.
Vaccine prophylaxis of Q fever: A follow‐up study of the efficacy of Q‐Vax (CSL) 1985‐1990 (1994)

Vaccination was effective for at least five years, although it was uncertain whether this was due to the vaccine per se or to a combination of vaccine immunity reinforced by periodic natural exposure.
Small Business Innovation Research. Program solicitation. Closing date: July 21, 1992 (2019)

This is the eighth annual solicitation by NASA addressed to small business firms, inviting them to submit proposals for research, or research and development, activities in some of the science and engineering areas of interest to NASA. The solicitation describes the Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) program, identifies eligibility requirements, outlines the required proposal format and content, states proposal preparation and submission requirements, describes the proposal evaluation and award selection process, and provides other information to assist those interested in participating in NASA's SBIR program. It also identifies the technical topics and subtopics for which SBIR proposals are solicited. These cover a broad range of current NASA interests, but do not necessarily include all areas in which NASA plans or currently conducts research. High-risk high pay-off innovations are desired.
Depletion of CD4+ CD25+ Regulatory T Cells Promotes CCL21-Mediated Antitumor Immunity (2013)

CCL21 is known to attract dendritic cells (DCs) and T cells that may reverse tumor-mediated immune suppression. The massive infiltration of tumors by regulatory T cells (Tregs) prevents the development of a successful helper immune response. In this study, we investigated whether elimination of CD4(+) CD25(+) Tregs in the tumor microenvironment using anti-CD25 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) was capable of enhancing CCL21-mediated antitumor immunity in a mouse hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) model. We found that CCL21 in combination with anti-CD25 mAbs (PC61) resulted in improved antitumor efficacy and prolonged survival, not only inhibited tumor angiogenesis and cell proliferation, but also led to significant increases in the frequency of CD4(+), CD8(+) T cells and CD11c(+) DCs within the tumor, coincident with marked induction of tumor-specific CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) at the local tumor site. The intratumoral immune responses were accompanied by the enhanced elaboration of IL-12 and IFN-γ, but reduced release of the immunosuppressive mediators IL-10 and TGF-β1. The results indicated that depletion of Tregs in the tumor microenvironment could enhance CCL21-mediated antitumor immunity, and CCL21 combined with anti-CD25 mAbs may be a more effective immunotherapy to promote tumor rejection.
Nitric oxide induces and inhibits apoptosis through different pathways (1998)

Physiological levels of nitric oxide (NO) regulate vascular tone and protect the microvasculature from injury whereas excessive NO may be harmful. The present study explored the effects of NO on human endothelial cell apoptosis. We found that the NO donor S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) inhibited TNFalpha-induced endothelial apoptosis and that this was mediated partly through the cGMP pathway. In contrast, high SNAP concentration induced endothelial apoptosis via cGMP-independent pathways and the cGMP pathway protected against NO-induced apoptosis. These findings demonstrate that low NO concentrations contribute to human endothelial cell survival, whereas higher NO concentrations are pathological and promote destruction of endothelial cells.
Almost every wire is removable: a modeling and solution for removing any circuit wire (2012)

Rewiring is a flexible and useful logic transformation technique through which a target wire can be removed by adding its alternative logics without changing the circuit functionality. In today's deep sub-micron era, circuit wires have become a dominating factor in most EDA processes and there are situations where removing a certain set of (perhaps extremely unwanted) wires is very useful. However, it has been experimentally suggested that the rewiring rate (percentage of original circuit wires being removable by rewiring) is only 30 to 40 % for optimized circuits in the past. In this paper, we propose a generalized error cancellation modeling and flow to show that theoretically almost every circuit wire is removable under this flow. In the Flow graph Error Cancellation based Rewiring (FECR) scheme we propose here, a rewiring rate of 95% of even optimized circuits is obtainable under this scheme, affirming the basic claim of this paper. To our knowledge, this is the first known rewiring scheme being able to achieve this near complete rewiring rate. Consequently, this wire-removal process can now be considered as a powerful atomic and universal operation for logic transformations, as virtually every circuit node can also be removed through repetitions of this rewiring process. Besides, this modeling can also serve as a general framework containing many other rewiring techniques as its special cases.
Java's Critical Uplands: Is Sustainable Development Possible? (1988)

A true revolution occurred in the agricultural economies of Asia from the late 1960s onward. The spread of new farm inputs-improved seeds, fertiliz­ ers, and pesticides-led to rapid and well-documented technological change in production systems for wheat and rice. However, the producer benefits of this Green Revolution were confined largely to lowland areas possessing assured water supplies. The new cereal technologies have generally proven poorly suited to adverse agroclimatic environments. Cereal yields obtained under irrigated conditions are often unattain­ able in the rainfed uplands. (Java's contain both irrigated and rainfed land, but this paper deals mainly with the latter. The terms rain­ fed uplands and uplands, used interchangeably, refer to rainfed, gen
A Polysaccharide Medium of Known Composition Favoring Chlamydospore Formation in Candida Albicans (1953)

Journal Article A Polysaccharide Medium of Known Composition Favoring Chlamydospore Formation in Candida Albicans Get access Walter J. Nickerson, Walter J. Nickerson From the Arnold Biological Laboratories, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Zbigniew Mankowskl Zbigniew Mankowskl From the Arnold Biological Laboratories, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 92, Issue 1, January 1953, Pages 20–25, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/92.1.20 Published: 01 January 1953 Article history Received: 26 June 1952 Published: 01 January 1953
Interpolation of lost frames of a video stream using object based motion estimation and compensation (2008)

While transmitting a video stream some frames may be lost due to noise or congestion in the network. For interpolating the lost frames using the received frames various techniques were proposed, but these techniques are good only for slow motion video. For fast motion video, these interpolating techniques create artifacts in the interpolated frames. We propose a new technique for interpolating lost frames using object based motion estimation and compensation. The proposed method is based on the estimation of displacements of the minimum bounding box (MBB) sides of an object. From the received frames we first detect the type of motion (translation, rotation, part rotation) that the object has undergone. Then, after detecting the motion and the displacement of the object from one received frame to another received frame, the object in the missing frame is linearly interpolated from the object motion and the positions of the object in the two received frames.
Data-driven agent-based simulation of commercial barter trade (2004)

We present TRADES, a data-driven agent-based simulator for barter trade exchanges. We provide an overview of the barter trade exchange industry, focusing on the operational aspects of trade exchanges and motivating the design of our simulator. Our simulator is built by learning probabilistic models of company purchase behavior using transaction history data from an operating trade exchange. We quantitatively evaluate the accuracy of our simulator by comparing simulated trade to the transaction data, showing a high degree of agreement between the two. We also demonstrate use of the simulator to evaluate the effectiveness of a particular trade brokering strategy.
Intranasal immunization with recombinant toxin-coregulated pilus and cholera toxin B subunit protects rabbits against<i>Vibrio cholerae</i>O1 challenge (2009)

Intranasal immunization, a noninvasive method of vaccination, has been found to be effective in inducing systemic and mucosal immune responses. The present study was aimed at investigating the efficacy of intranasal immunization in inducing mucosal immunity in experimental cholera by subunit recombinant protein vaccines from Vibrio cholerae O1. The structural genes encoding toxin-coregulated pilus A (TcpA) and B subunit of cholera toxin (CtxB) from V. cholerae O1 were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. Rabbits were immunized intranasally with purified TcpA and CtxB alone or a mixture of TcpA and CtxB. Immunization with TcpA and CtxB alone conferred, respectively, 41.1% and 70.5% protection against V. cholerae challenge, whereas immunization with a mixture of both antigens conferred complete (100%) protection, as assayed in the rabbit ileal loop model. Serum titers of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to TcpA and CtxB, and anti-TcpA- and anti-CtxB-specific sIgA in intestinal lavage of vaccinated animals were found to be significantly elevated compared with unimmunized controls. Vibriocidal antibodies were detected at remarkable levels in rabbits receiving TcpA antigen and their titers correlated with protection. Thus, mucosal codelivery of pertinent cholera toxoids provides enhanced protection against experimental cholera.
Effects of Cold Deformation and Aging Process on Precipitation Behavior and Mechanical Properties of Fe–18<scp>C</scp>r–18<scp>M</scp>n–0.63<scp>N</scp> High‐<scp>N</scp>itrogen Austenitic Stainless Steel (2013)

Abstract Effects of different treatments (solid solution + cold deformation + aging condition) on the microstructure of Fe–18Cr–18Mn–0.63N high‐nitrogen austenitic stainless steel and consequently on its mechanical properties were investigated by microscopic observations and mechanical characterizations. For un‐cold‐deformed and 20% cold‐deformed steels, the results show that, all precipitates are Cr 2 N phase and the granular precipitates transform into cellular precipitates with increasing aging time. However, in 50% cold‐deformed steel only the granular and massive Cr 2 N precipitates. On the other hand, no cellular Cr 2 N precipitates are observed, but the precipitation of σ phase is induced. In un‐cold‐deformed steel, all tensile properties including the ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, and the elongation decrease with increasing aging time, resulting from the precipitation of the second phase. In the cold‐deformed steels, the tensile and yield strengths decrease while the elongations firstly increase and then decrease with aging time. Actually, in the cold‐deformed steels, the strain recovery or recrystallization mainly causes the decreases in tensile and yield strength in addition to increase in elongation after aged for 1 h. In contrast, the cellular Cr 2 N precipitation or granular precipitation mainly results in the continually slow decreases in tensile and yield strengths and the relevant decrease in elongation with aging.
Cathodic Processes on Passive Zirconium (1960)

Measurements were made of the rates of reduction of various oxidizing agents on passive zirconium in acid solutions of sodium sulfate at temperatures ranging from 25° to 85°C. The oxidizing agents included in these experiments were oxygen, hydrogen ion, and cupric ion and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of oxygen. The kinetic orders of reduction were determined from potentiostatic experiments in which the current was determined as a function of concentration. Unit and fractional orders were observed with oxygen reduction, and fractional orders from about 0.5 to 0.65 were observed for Cu++ and . Possible mechanisms are suggested in which charge transfer through the film is assumed to play a predominant role.
Preparation, Quality Control and Biodistribution Studies of two [111In]-Rituximab Immunoconjugates (2008)

In order to use Auger-electron therapeutic effects in CD20 antigen targeting in lymphomas, Mabthera™ (rituximab) was successively labeled with [111In]-indium chloride (185 MBq) after conjugation with freshly prepared macrocyclic bifunctional chelating agent, N-succinimidyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA-NHS) and ccDTPA separately. Conjugated-Rituximab was obtained by the addition of 1 ml of a rituximab pharmaceutical solution (5 mg/ml, in phosphate buffer, pH=7.8) to a glass tube pre-coated with freshly prepared DOTA-NHS or ccDTPA (0.01-0.1 mg) at 25°C. Radiolabeling was performed at 37°C in 3h and room temperature for one hour for DOTA-conjugate and DTPA-conjugate respectively. HPLC showed an overall radiochemical purity of 97.5 and 95% for DOTA and DTPA-conjugates respectively (Specific activity =2800-5600 GBq/mM). The final isotonic 111In-rituximab complexes were checked by gel electrophoresis for radiolysis. Preliminary biodistribution studies in normal rat model performed to determine radioimmunoconjugates distribution of up to 48h.
Artificial Intelligence Using C (1987)

Artificial intelligence using C , Artificial intelligence using C , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Diffraction efficiency and aberrations of diffractive elements obtained from orthogonal expansion of the point spread function (2016)

The Point Spread Function (PSF) indirectly encodes the wavefront aberrations of an optical system and therefore is a metric of the system performance. Analysis of the PSF properties is useful in the case of diffractive optics where the wavefront emerging from the exit pupil is not necessarily continuous and consequently not well represented by traditional wavefront error descriptors such as Zernike polynomials. The discontinuities in the wavefront from diffractive optics occur in cases where step heights in the element are not multiples of the illumination wavelength. Examples include binary or N-step structures, multifocal elements where two or more foci are intentionally created or cases where other wavelengths besides the design wavelength are used. Here, a technique for expanding the electric field amplitude of the PSF into a series of orthogonal functions is explored. The expansion coefficients provide insight into the diffraction efficiency and aberration content of diffractive optical elements. Furthermore, this technique is more broadly applicable to elements with a finite number of diffractive zones, as well as decentered patterns.
PATTERN OF CORNEAL OPACITY IN IBADAN, NIGERIA (2004)

Background: The prevalence and causes of corneal blindness vary from one region of the world to another. There is even variation within the developing countries of Africa. Method: A retrospective review of 675 patients with corneal scarring out of the 3,753 new patients corneal scarring in patients attending the eye clinic of the University College Hospital (UCH) Ibadan over a 5year period. Results: Subjects in age groups 0 to 10years and 21 to 30years were mostly affected. Males were more affected with a ratio of 3:1. Most presentations were in the months of January to March and July to September. Almost half (48.99%) of the patients had uniocular blindness and no case of bilateral blindness from corneal opacity was found. The main causes of corneal opacity were trauma (51.1%) and microbial keratitis (26.70%) both of which are avoidable causes of blindness. No case of trachomatous corneal scarring was found in the group studied. Conclusion:
Multi-objective Cross-Project Defect Prediction (2013)

Cross-project defect prediction is very appealing because (i) it allows predicting defects in projects for which the availability of data is limited, and (ii) it allows producing generalizable prediction models. However, existing research suggests that cross-project prediction is particularly challenging and, due to heterogeneity of projects, prediction accuracy is not always very good. This paper proposes a novel, multi-objective approach for cross-project defect prediction, based on a multi-objective logistic regression model built using a genetic algorithm. Instead of providing the software engineer with a single predictive model, the multi-objective approach allows software engineers to choose predictors achieving a compromise between number of likely defect-prone artifacts (effectiveness) and LOC to be analyzed/tested (which can be considered as a proxy of the cost of code inspection). Results of an empirical evaluation on 10 datasets from the Promise repository indicate the superiority and the usefulness of the multi-objective approach with respect to single-objective predictors. Also, the proposed approach outperforms an alternative approach for cross-project prediction, based on local prediction upon clusters of similar classes.
Advanced Concepts for Modular Glazings (1992)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">To continue the evolution of concepts for modular glazing, a rational new technique has been developed, providing ready-to-install glass modules, which feature an extruded vendor-applied functional urethane basic profile on the inside glass edge, which incorporates a custom shaped dam, and a spacer lip, which serves as retainer and weatherstrip. The only assembly operation is the addition of the adhesive bead, and installation in the car body.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The featured benefits are:</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph"> <ul class="list disc"> <li class="list-item"> <div class="htmlview paragraph">perfect, attractive, flush glazed design</div> </li> <li class="list-item"> <div class="htmlview paragraph">instant integration into today's robotic and automated assembly systems</div> </li> <li class="list-item"> <div class="htmlview paragraph">maximum assembly efficiency at minimum cost</div> </li> <li class="list-item"> <div class="htmlview paragraph">increased reliability</div> </li> <li class="list-item"> <div class="htmlview paragraph">improved quality of adhesive process</div> </li> <li class="list-item"> <div class="htmlview paragraph">reproducable design and process parameters</div> </li> </ul> </div>