gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Artificial Ferro-Magnetic Anisotropy: Homogenization of 3D Finite Photonic Crystals (2006)

In this paper, we attempt to replace heterogeneous ferro-magnetic photonic crystals by homogeneous structures with anisotropic matrices of permittivity and permeability, both deduced from the resolution of annex problems of electrostatic type on a periodic cell. The asymptotic analysis relies on the multi-scale method which is a tool in the theory of homogenization with rapidly oscillating coefficients [2]. We note a singular perturbation for the divergence of the electromagnetic field associated to scaled permittivity ε(x/η) and permeability μ(x/η), which are periodic functions of period η≪1. We establish the sharp convergence of the oscillating field towards the homogenized one via the notion of two-scale convergence [1]. We finally solve numerically the associated system of partial differential equations with a Finite Element Method in order to exhibit the matrices of effective permittivity and permeability for given 2D ferro-magnetic periodic composites.
Transection of Crossed Olivo-Cochlear Bundle and Auditory Brain Stem Responses in the Cat (1982)

AbstractThe effects of transection of the crossed olivo-cochlear bundle (COCB) on auditory brain stem responses (ABR) were investigated in the cat. The threshold, the amplitude and the peak latency of waves I-1V, and interpeak latencies were compared before and after transection of the COCB. No significant change was found in these parameters of ABR after elimination of the COCB.
Organometallic C—H Bond Activation: An Introduction (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Lifetime of Authentication Using Encrypted Tags When the Encryption Key is Partially Known (2010)

Quantum cryptography is an unconditionally secure key growing technique provided that an unconditionally secure authentication protocol is combined with it. This paper is about the study of the lif ...
Isoleucine Biosynthesis from 2-Methylbutyric Acid by Anaerobic Bacteria from the Rumen (1969)

Microorganisms in ruminal ingesta and pure cultures of anaerobic ruminal bacteria of different physiological and morphological groups incorporated (14)C from labeled 2-methylbutyrate during growth. The radioactivity was incorporated mainly into lipid and protein. Isoleucine was the only labeled amino acid found in acid hydrolysates of protein from either pure or mixed cultures. Radioactivity in isoleucine synthesized from 2-methylbutyrate-1-(14)C was entirely in carbon-2. Thus, the carboxylation of 2-methylbutyrate is a pathway for synthesis of isoleucine different from that operative in many aerobic and facultative microorganisms. The specific activity of isoleucine from 2-methylbutyrate by Bacteroides rumminicola 23 increased with higher concentrations of 2-methylbutyrate (2.6 to 44 x 10(-5)m) in the growth medium. At the highest concentration, the specific activity of isoleucine synthesized was 40% of the specific activity of the 2-methylbutyrate in the growth medium. The use of enzymatic casein hydrolysate, oxytocin, or vasopressin rather than ammonia as nitrogen source for growth of strain 23 depressed the incorporation of 2-methylbutyrate into isoleucine. Synthesis of isoleucine from 2-methylbutyrate appears to be an important reaction in the rumen.
Steroid-selective Initiation of Chromatin Remodeling and Transcriptional Activation of the Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus Promoter Is Controlled by the Site of Promoter Integration (1998)

The mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) promoter has target sequences recognized by several steroid receptors. We present evidence for a novel mechanism that confers hormone specificity to this promoter. We show that remodeling of MMTV chromatin and the concomitant activation of the MMTV promoter are induced equally by glucocorticoids and progestins in one chromosomal context but are selective for glucocorticoids in another. Furthermore, increased histone acetylation modulates MMTV promoter regulation disparately at the two chromosomal locations. Together, these data indicate that chromosomal architecture commands a crucial role in gene regulation, imposing locus-specific selectivity between regulators with similar sequence recognition.
Inter-annotator reliability of medical events, coreferences and temporal relations in clinical narratives by annotators with varying levels of clinical expertise. (2012)

The manual annotation of clinical narratives is an important step for training and validating the performance of automated systems that utilize these clinical narratives. We build an annotation specification to capture medical events, and coreferences and temporal relations between medical events in clinical text. Unfortunately, the process of clinical data annotation is both time consuming and costly. Many annotation efforts have used physicians to annotate the data. We investigate using annotators that are current students or graduates from diverse clinical backgrounds with varying levels of clinical experience. In spite of this diversity, the annotation agreement across our team of annotators is high; the average inter-annotator kappa statistic for medical events, coreferences, temporal relations, and medical event concept unique identifiers was 0.843, 0.859, 0.833, and 0.806, respectively. We describe methods towards leveraging the annotations to support temporal reasoning with medical events.
Tandem Time-of-Flight (TOF/TOF) Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics (2005)

A dual reflectron tandem time-of-flight (TOF/TOF) mass spectrometer reported in 1993 gave rise to the invention and development of the curved-field reflectron (CFR) for focusing product ions. The CFR is used in this case as the second mass analyzer in a tandem instrument (based on the Kratos AXIMA CFR) in which the first mass analyzer is a linear TOF that focuses ions by pulsed extraction. Because ions can be focused over a broad range of kinetic energies, deceleration of precursor ions and/or reacceleration of product ions is not required. Thus, product ions produced by post-source processes (laser induced dissociation or LID, metastable decomposition and opportunistic collisions) are recorded in the product ion mass spectra at the same times as their isomass ions produced by collision induced dissociation (CID). In general both LID and CID product ion mass spectra are very similar, producing primarily b-series and y-series ions, though there is some preference for fragmentation at weaker bonds such as those at proline or aspartic acid residues. The tandem mass spectrometer has been used to determine the acetylation sites for a histone acetyl transferase (HAT) protein. A novel and improved method for derivatizing tryptic fragments by N-terminal sulfonation produces almost exclusively y-series ions, and has been used to determine protein ubiquitination. The tandem mass spectrometer has also been used to identify potential biomarkers associated with heart failure, in particular that fraction containing albumin that is generally removed from serum samples to permit protein biomarker analysis. Analysis of the unfractionated serum, the albuminome, and the depleted serum is also carried out using surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization (SELDI) and the high molecular weight proteins are monitored by using a Comet macromizer TOF mass spectrometer with a very high mass cryocooled detector.
Het malum perforans van de diabetische voet (2000)

InleidingDe diabetische voet kan getroffen wordendoor een vasculair of neurogeen ulcus. In ditartikel worden enkel de ulceraties van devoetzool besproken waarvan men vermoedtdat de neuropathie de voornaamste patho-genetische factor is. Dergelijke ulceraties wordenmalum perforans genoemd. Ulceraties van devoet vormen een ingangspoort voor bacterie¨leinfecties. Deze kunnen resulteren in een ernstigewekedeleninfectie of in een aantasting van hetbot: osteomyelitis.De osteoartropathie is een specifieke ver-wikkeling, die eveneens het gevolg is van deneuropathie.PathogeneseHet plantaire voetulcus ontwikkelt zichhoogstwaarschijnlijk onder invloed van meer-dere factoren. De drie voornaamste zijn neuro-pathie, een mechanisch verhoogde krachtin-werking en de vasculaire afwijkingen (1). Devasculaire inbreng wordt hier buiten beschou-wing gelaten.De neuropathie veroorzaakt sensibiliteits-stoornissen waardoor reacties bij verwondingvan de voetzoolhuid uitblijven.Daarnaast wordt de motoriek verstoord,waardoor er een verminderde werking van deintrinsieke voetzoolmusculatuur aanwezig is.Dit kan aanleiding geven tot deformaties in deverhouding van de voetgewrichtjes.Tot slot is er ook de autonome neuropathiemet een verminderde functie van de zweet-kliertjes. Dit, gekoppeld aan de gekendeverminderde soepelheid van de diabetische huiden de neiging tot verhoogde eeltvorming,draagt bij tot blaarvorming op de voetzool.Deze evolueert naar necrose van de opperhuidmet ulceratievorming.Tot de mechanische factoren behoort deverhoogde drukwerking op de voetzool. Delaatste twee decennia heeft men kunnen aan-tonen dat diabetespatie¨nten met een plantairvoetulcus hogere piekdrukken vertonen aan deonderzijde van de voetzool in vergelijking metdiabetici zonder voetproblemen (2). De lokali-satie van een genezen ulcus kwam overeen metde regio’s van hoogste piekdruk inwerkend opde voetzool (3). Een duidelijke verklaring hier-voor heeft men niet. Wel vertonen diabetes-patie¨nten een beperking van de bewegings-amplitudo van de voetwortelgewrichten. Dezebeperking kan het gevolg zijn van de niet-enzymatische glycolisatie van de collageen-vezels van de gewrichtsligamenten, waardoorde ligamenten stugger worden. Deze beperktegewrichtsmobiliteit (limited joint mobility,LJM) is pathognomonisch voor de verhoogdedruk op de voetzool bij de diabetespatie¨nt.813SamenvattingDiabetische voetpathologie is een multi-factorie¨le entiteit. In dit artikel worden deorthopedische afwijkingen besproken, die,gei¨soleerd of samen, e´e´n van de oorzakenvan de diabetische voetletsels vormen, meteen verwijzing naar de behandelingsmoda-liteiten.
Fluorine-containing Amino Acids. Synthesis and Properties Edited by V. P. Kukhar' and V. A. Soloshonok. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York. 1995. x + 411 pp. 15.5 × 23.5 cm. ISBN 0-471-95203-6. $140.00. (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVBook ReviewNEXTFluorine-containing Amino Acids. Synthesis and Properties Edited by V. P. Kukhar' and V. A. Soloshonok. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York. 1995. x + 411 pp. 15.5 × 23.5 cm. ISBN 0-471-95203-6. $140.00.Kenneth A. JacobsonView Author Information Chief, Section on Molecular Recognition Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive Diseases, and Kidney Diseases Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0810Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 1996, 39, 20, 4132Publication Date (Web):September 27, 1996Publication History Published online27 September 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm9604282https://doi.org/10.1021/jm9604282book-reviewACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views421Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Get e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Fluorine,Monomers,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in patients with cerebrospinal fluid infection and/or hemorrhage (2002)

Patients with obstructive hydrocephalus and a history of either hemorrhage or infection may be good candidates for ETV, with safety and success rates comparable with those in more general series of patients. Patients who have sustained both hemorrhage and infection are poor candidates for ETV, except in selected cases and as a treatment of last resort. In patients who have previously undergone shunt placement posthemorrhage, ETV is highly successful. It is also highly successful in patients with primary aqueductal stenosis, even in those with a history of hemorrhage or CSF infection.
Crystal Structures of Potent Thiol-Based Inhibitors Bound to Carboxypeptidase B<sup>,</sup> (2005)

This paper presents the crystal structure of porcine pancreatic carboxypeptidase B (pp-CpB) in complex with a variety of thiol-based inhibitors that were developed as antagonists of activated thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFIa). Recent studies have indicated that a selective inhibitor of TAFIa could enhance the efficacy of existing thrombolytic agents for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction, one of the most prevalent forms of heart attacks. Unfortunately, activated TAFIa rapidly degrades in solution and cannot be used for crystallographic studies. In contrast, porcine pancreatic CpB is stable at room temperature and is available from commercial sources. Both pancreatic CpB and TAFIa are zinc-based exopeptidases, and the proteins share a 47% sequence identity. The homology improves considerably in the active site where nearly all of the residues are conserved. The inhibitors used in this study were designed to mimic a C-terminal arginine residue, one of the natural substrates of TAFIa. The X-ray structures show that the thiol group chelates the active site zinc, the carboxylic acid forms a salt bridge to Arg145, and the guanidine group forms two hydrogen bonds to Asp255. A meta-substituted phenyl was introduced into our inhibitors to reduce conformational freedom. This modification vastly improved the selectivity of compounds against other exopeptidases that cleave basic residues. Comparisons between structures indicate that selectivity derives from the interaction between the guanidine group in the inhibitors and an acidic active site residue. The location of this acidic residue is not conserved in the various carboxypeptidases.
Changes in the Nature of Sewage Sludge Organic Matter During a Twenty‐One‐Month Incubation (2004)

Six sewage sludges from five sewage treatment plants in Australia were incubated for up to 21 months. Carbon losses at the end of the 21-mo incubation varied substantially. The remaining organic matter was isolated by treatment with hydrofluoric acid (HF) and characterized using a range of solid-state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic techniques. By every measure (signal distribution in cross polarization [CP] and Bloch decay [BD] spectra, carbon NMR observability determined by spin counting, and the appearance of proton spin relaxation editing subspectra), the chemical composition of the residual organic matter appeared to be little different from that of the original sludges, even for those sludges that experienced the greatest carbon losses. Importantly, these NMR properties distinguish sewage sludge organic matter from soil organic matter. Thus, it should be possible to follow the decomposition of sewage sludge organic matter applied to soils in the field using solid-state (13)C NMR spectroscopy.
Robot Grinding and Finishing of Cast Iron Stamping Dies (1992)

This paper describes a method for finishing cast iron stamping dies. The task is to remove tool marks in the form of grooves and cusps left by a ball-end milling tool. The bottoms of the grooves represent the desired final surface profile. The method consists of using a closed-loop force-controlled robot with a flexible grinding disk coupled to a means for measuring the height of the partially ground cusps. Measurement is particularly easy, accurate, and sensitive if the tops of the partially ground cusps are flat, a condition that is not easy to obtain; otherwise accurate measurement is a chore. The Taguchi method is used to determine process parameters (grinding grit size, feed speed, disk speed, disk inclination angle, etc.) that yield flat tops. This grinding strategy has proven successful. A smooth, regular, and accurate final shape is obtained in spite of the relatively poor position accuracy of the robot. The measurement strategy has not been implemented yet but it appears feasible based on preliminary experiments.
Optimization of process parameters in high-energy film radiography (2001)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Arthur C. Miller, Joseph L. Cochran; Optimization of process parameters in high-energy film radiography. AIP Conf. Proc. 30 April 2001; 557 (1): 499–506. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1373800 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Ordinary Shares, Exotic Methods (2003)

Exotic methods refer to specific functions within general soft computing methods such as genetic algorithms, neural networks and rough sets theory. They are applied to ordinary shares for a variety of financial purposes, such as portfolio selection and optimization, classification of market states, forecasting of market states and data mining. This is in contrast to the wide spectrum of work done on exotic financial instruments, wherein advanced mathematics is used to construct financial instruments for hedging risks and for investment.
The role of feeding regimens in the growth of neonate broad‐banded water snakes, <i>Nerodia fasciata confluens</i>, and possible effects on reproduction (1985)

The effect of different feeding regimens on the growth pattern of Nerodia fasciata confluens was tested using a litter of 18 captive-born neonates. The snakes were divided among three feeding groups: one group fed once per week, another fed twice per week, and the third fed on alternate days. The once per week and the twice per week groups were offered the same weight of food each week, while the alternate-day group was offered food in excess of ingestion levels during each feeding session. The results indicate that there is a shift in the allocation of energy for growth in weight, snout-vent length, and tail length with a change in the feeding regimen. Females were affected more than the males. The results are discussed in relation to their possible effect on reproduction.
A Protocol for Measuring Cue Reactivity in a Rat Model of Cocaine Use Disorder (2018)

Cocaine use disorder (CUD) follows a trajectory of repetitive self-administration during which previously neutral stimuli gain incentive value. Cue reactivity, the sensitivity to cues previously linked with the drug-taking experience, plays a prominent role in human craving during abstinence. Cue reactivity can be assessed as the attentional orientation toward drug-associated cues that is measurable as appetitive approach behavior in both preclinical and human studies. Herein describes an assessment of cue reactivity in rats trained to self-administer cocaine. Cocaine self-administration is paired with the presentation of discrete cues that act as conditioned reinforcers (i.e., house light, stimulus light, infusion pump sounds). Following a period of abstinence, lever presses in the cocaine self-administration context accompanied by the discrete cues previously paired with cocaine infusion are measured as cue reactivity. This model is useful to explore neurobiological mechanisms underlying cue reactivity processes as well as to assess pharmacotherapies to suppress cue reactivity and therefore, modify relapse vulnerability. Advantages of the model include its translational relevance, and its face and predictive validities. The primary limitation of the model is that the cue reactivity task can only be performed infrequently and must only be used in short duration (e.g., 1 hour), otherwise rats will begin to extinguish the pairing of the discrete cues with the cocaine stimulus. The model is extendable to any positively reinforcing stimulus paired with discrete cues; though particularly applicable to drugs of abuse, this model may hold future applications in fields such as obesity, where palatable food rewards can act as positively reinforcing stimuli.
Microbial Biomass Levels in Barren and Vegetated High Altitude Talus Soils (2001)

Microbial biomass generally increases with organic matter accretion in soils, but little is known about the relative proportion of specific microbial functional groups that compose the biomass. We measured the biomass of two microbial functional groups in soils of a high altitude talus slope (3700 m) in the Colorado Rocky Mountains. Talus slopes are composed of boulders, with occasional patches of soil in the rock matrix. Because of the severity of the physical conditions, many soil patches are barren. Carbon inputs to barren talus soils are thought to be predominantly eolian deposition. The soils we studied all had the same parent material, aspect and climate, but ranged in soil organic matter (SOM) content from 6 to 250 g kg −1 Total soil C and N, silt, clay, and SOM all increased linearly as sand content decreased. Using the substrate‐induced growth response (SIGR) assay and a most‐probable number (MPN) assay, we estimated the general microbial biomass (glutamate mineralizers) and the biomass of a microbial group capable of degrading more complex carbon compounds (salicylate mineralizers). In vegetated soils, both groups were positively correlated with SOM. In barren soils, however, silt content was the best predictor of total biomass, which showed no trend at all with SOM. In contrast, the relationship between the biomass of salicylate mineralizers and SOM was the same in vegetated and barren soils, although it was not significant in barren soils. In addition, the proportion of salicylate mineralizers in the total biomass was higher in barren soils than in vegetated soils, which is possibly as a result of different carbon quality inputs to the soils. This research represents the first in‐depth description of the biology and soil characteristics of barren high elevation talus soils.