gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Selenium-an important additive for lead-acid battery alloys (1984)

Cardiac arrest is most commonly encountered as the end result of severe derangements in metabolic homeostasis. These derangements may include toxic, ischemic, or electrophysiological causes of circulatory and/or respiratory arrests. Occasionally, mechanical obstruction or impediment to circulation may cause cardiac arrest, and forms of resuscitation other than closed chest massage may be required to remove or relieve obstruction. Two cases of cardiac arrest due to mechanical impairment of blood flow are presented. Both occurred during thoracic invasive procedures, and in both cases, the usual externally applied closed chest resuscitative measures were not, and could not have been effective. Emergency thoracotomy promptly restored functional hemodynamics, and allowed the potential for definitive therapy.
Animal ethics and human identity in JM Coetzee's<i>The lives of animals</i> (2009)

ABSTRACT The article aims to position JM Coetzee's The lives of animals within the animal rights debate and assess both his use of and his failure to use key philosophical texts in the animal rights movement. This task is complicated by his adoption of the controversial persona, Elizabeth Costello, who paradoxically uses reason to attack reason and continuously evokes the Holocaust analogy. The paper attempts to understand her views in relation to the leading animal rights philosophers, Peter Singer and Tom Regan, but also emphasizes her departure from their respectively utilitarian and rights-based positions, offsetting these against the positions of Mary Midgley, deep ecology, ecofeminism and the virtue ethics of Alasdair MacIntyre. The paper concludes with a consideration of views expressed by Coetzee in an interview and a speech.
基于胶体微球模板制备微透镜阵列 (2010)

A simple and efficient templating method in combination with hot embossing technique is developed for fabricating large-area two-dimensional (2D) microlens arrays (MLAs) with uniform shape. By utilizing a modified microchannel method, a 2D large-area hexagonal close-packed (HCP) array of silica colloidal microspheres is prepared and serves as a template in the following hot embossing treatment to create a polycarbonate (PC) microcavity array. Then, with the obtained PC microcavity structure serving as a mold, a hot embossing process is applied to finally achieve a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) MLA. The effect of annealing time during the mold preparation process on the dimensions and shapes of the prepared microlens is investigated. The imaging performances of the prepared PC concave microcavities and PMMA convex microlenses are characterized by carrying out projection experiments. Our method provides a rapid and low cost approach to prepare large-area MLAs.
Parameter passing for the Java virtual machine (2002)

The portability and runtime safety of programs which are executed on the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) makes the JVM an attractive target for compilers of languages other than Java. Unfortunately, the JVM was designed with language Java in mind, and lacks many of the primitives required for a straightforward implementation of other languages. Most fundamental of these obstacles is the limited range of parameter passing modes offered by the JVM. We discuss possible ways of using the JVM to provide parameter passing modes with alternative semantics, and explore one particular architecture in practice. The interaction between these mechanisms and the Java "byte code verifier" is also considered. The open source Gardens Point Component Pascal compiler compiles the entire Component Pascal language, a dialect of Oberon-2, to JVM bytecodes. This compiler achieves runtime efficiencies which are comparable to native-code implementations of procedural languages.
[Aetoxisclerol: lst impressions]. (1978)

Polydocanol is a sclerosing product recently introduced in France. It is less efficient in treating large or medium-sized varicose veins than iodine or trombovar. Because it is pleasant to use, it is mostly advised in the treatment of varicosities and telangiectasias. Like the other sclerosing products that have been used to date, polydocanol can induce allergic reactions in some individuals.
Plasma cell endometritis point towards Chlamydia trachomatis infection (2001)

The authors of this study report that Chlamydia trachomatis infection is present in about 25% of cases with plasma cell endometritis. Chlamydia infection was investigated by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or immunohistochemistry. On the other hand, chlamydia was found only in 4% of samples that did not show plasma cell endometritis in the endometrial tissue samples. Furthermore, those patients with plasma cell endometritis were also reported to be more likely to have symptoms and signs pointing towards chlamydial infection. The authors state the finding of plasma cell endometritis should encourage further examination of the tissues sampled for chlamydial infection by PCR and/or immunohistochemistry.
Electrically Biased NO[sub x] Sensing Elements with Coplanar Electrodes (2005)

Fabrication and characterization of electrically biased sensing elements operative at are described. The sensing elements were produced by screen-printing Pt and transition metal oxide electrodes on yttria-stabilized zirconia substrates. DC electrical biasing greatly enhanced the response of the sensing elements to nitric oxide (NO), with voltage changes on the order of 10% observed as the sensing response to NO at and . Voltage and current biasing techniques were employed with a sensing element using as the oxide, and the computed changes in resistance due to NO were nearly identical, suggesting that the response mechanism of the elements is a change in dc electrical resistance. The sensing response was minimally affected by concentrations between 7 and at [NO] concentration levels from . These sensing elements and techniques may be useful in sensors for measuring [NO] at temperatures near .
Al Organization in the SSZ-13 Zeolite. Al Distribution and Extraframework Sites of Divalent Cations (2018)

SSZ-13 is a Si-rich (Si/Al > 5) small pore zeolite (chabazite topology) important for both acid and redox catalysis. Using a sample with Si/Al = 12, a new procedure involving 27Al (3Q) MAS NMR spectroscopy and extensive periodic DFT calculations with molecular dynamics, in addition to the standard methods based on bare Co(II) cations as probes monitored by FTIR spectroscopy and UV–vis spectroscopy, was employed. The placement of the Al–O–(Si–O)2–Al and Al–O–(Si–O)3–Al sequences in the zeolite framework was determined (Al–O–Si–O–Al sequences are absent). 54% of the framework Al atoms correspond to Al–O–(Si–O)3–Al sequences which cannot form cationic sites for bare divalent cations but are able to accommodate divalent Co(II) hexaaqua complexes. The corresponding Al–O–(Si–O)3–Al sequence is located in two double 6-ring cages with one Al located in the 4-ring connecting two double 6-ring units. Our study also reveals that 35% of the framework Al atoms can accommodate neither divalent Co(II) hexaaqua complexes nor bare divalent cations. Furthermore, the siting of the Al atoms of the Al–O–(Si–O)2–Al and Al–O–(Si–O)3–Al sequences forming four cationic sites for divalent cations located in the 6-ring (Al–O–(Si–O)2–Al), 8-ring (Al–O–(Si–O)2–Al and Al–O–(Si–O)3–Al), and double 6-ring (Al–O–(Si–O)2–Al) was determined. These Al atoms correspond to a minority of the Al framework atoms.
Flexor Tendon Graft for Late Management of Isolated Rupture of the Profundus Tendon (1997)

Flexor tendon graft can be used to reconstruct the isolated rupture of the profundus tendon and achieve satisfactory results for properly selected patients.
Diabetes Mellitus and Heart Failure (2003)

Type 2 diabetes mellitus substantially increases the lifetime risk of both developing and dying from heart failure. While this appears to be explained in part by the well-known association of diabetes with hypertension, dyslipidemia, and coronary atherosclerosis, additional pathophysiologic mechanisms linking type 2 diabetes and heart failure have recently been suggested. These include the potentially adverse effects of hyperglycemia on endothelial function and redox state, effects of excess circulating glucose and fatty acids on cardiomyocyte ultrastructure, intracellular signaling and gene expression, and the possibility that diabetes may impair recruitment of the myocardial insulin-responsive glucose transport system in response to ischemia. Because many of these putative pathophysiologic mechanisms should be amenable to normalization of the diabetic metabolic milieu, strategies designed to more carefully control circulating levels of glucose and fatty acids might conceivably delay or prevent the development of heart failure.
Stability improvement of fibre-optic probe microphone by frequency control of the light source (1987)

A feedback scheme is proposed to control the frequency of a light source in order to improve the long-term stability of a fibre-optic probe microphone. The light frequency is controlled so as to retain the time average constant irrespective of the measurand for the intensity change of the reflected light. An experimental model constructed on the proposed principle illustrates the feasibility of an extremely small probe microphone with excellent stability and repeatability as well as with high sensitivity.
Quartiermanagement im Spannungsfeld zwischen Politik, Verwaltung, Markt, Drittem Sektor und „Zivilgesellschaft“ (2005)

In nahezu allen am Bund-Länder-Programm „Stadtteile mit besonderem Entwicklungsbedarf — die Soziale Stadt“ teilnehmenden Städten und Gemeinden wird Quartiermanagement als Schlüsselinstrument für die Bewältigung der komplexen Aufgaben- und Zielstellungen integrierter Stadtteilentwicklung betrachtet1. Was allerdings Quartiermanagement im Einzelnen umfasst und wie es eingesetzt wird, handhaben die verschiedenen Städte und Gemeinden teilweise sehr unterschiedlich. Dies spiegelt sich nicht nur in verschiedenen Bezeichnungen — Stadtteil-, Gebiets-, Quartiermanagement-, sondern vor allem auch in höchst unterschiedlichen Organisationsformen wieder. Das Spektrum reicht dabei von einzelnen Fachkräften mit bestimmten Funktionen bis hin zu komplexen Organisationsstrukturen unter Einbeziehung verschiedener kommunaler Steuerungs- und Handlungsebenen.
Structure of diepoxide–diamine network polymers. I. Average network properties (1979)

Abstract A study of some of the average chemical properties of a variety of diepoxide–diamine network polymers has been carried out. The weight fraction of sol, the quantity of unreacted epoxide in the sol, and the number‐average molecular weight of the sol have been measured for polymers prepared from both stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric ratios of diamine and diepoxide. Theoretical expressions for these quantities have been calculated using the methods recently developed by Macosko and Miller. These relationships were found to give close agreement with the experimental behavior.
Effect of pre-coagulation on mitigating irreversible fouling during ultrafiltration of a surface water (2005)

Membrane fouling can be divided into two types: reversible fouling and irreversible fouling. The former can be easily canceled by physical cleaning (e.g., backwashing) while the latter needs chemical cleaning to be mitigated. For more efficient use of membranes, the control of irreversible membrane fouling is of importance. In this study, the effectiveness of pre-coagulation/sedimentation on irreversible membrane fouling was investigated, based on the pilot-scale operation of the membrane unit installed at an existing water purification plant. The membrane employed was a low-pressure ultrafiltration (UF) membrane made of polysulfone and having a molecular weight cut-off of 750,000 daltons. Although pre-coagulation/ sedimentation significantly mitigated membrane fouling mainly through the reduction of reversible membrane fouling, the degree of irreversible fouling was not reduced by the pre-treatment. This was because the irreversible fouling observed during this study was mainly attributed to polysaccharides/protein like fractions of organic substances that cannot be efficiently removed by coagulation/sedimentation. Aluminium used as coagulant was thought to cause irreversible fouling to some extent but did not in the pilot operation, which could probable be explained by the fact that coagulation was conducted at relatively high pH (7.0) in this study.
Persistent Facial Swelling in a Patient With Rosacea (1995)

REPORT OF A CASE A 71-year-old man was first seen in 1982 suffering from rosacea. He complained of mild facial burning and persistent redness predominantly affecting the convexities of the face. He derived little benefit from prolonged courses of oral oxytetracycline and minocycline. For a few months, he also made use of fluocinonide applied to the face. He was a football trainer for many years. His duties included prolonged ''heading the ball'' sessions, subjecting his forehead to repeated blunt trauma. In 1992, he presented with a 6-month history of persistent symmetrical swelling of the upper half of the face associated with minimal discomfort. He denied headaches or nasal symptoms. On physical examination, he had symmetrical nonpitting edema most prominent on the central forehead, periorbital regions, and upper cheeks, accompanied by diffuse facial erythema and some telangiectasia (Figure 1andFigure 2). The rest of the skin and eyes were normal.
Calcitonin receptors, bone sialoprotein and osteopontin are expressed in primary breast cancers (1997)

Several human breast cancer cell lines express the calcitonin receptor (CTR), but this has not been demonstrated previously in clinical breast cancers. We examined 18 primary breast cancers by reverse transcription-PCR, for expression of CTR and of the bone proteins osteopontin (OPN) and bone sialoprotein (BSP). OPN and CTR were expressed by each of the tumours, and 7 (39%) additionally expressed an alternate form of CTR, whilst BSP was expressed by 13 tumours (72%). In situ hybridisation confirmed that expression of OPN and CTR was confined to the tumour cells. Expression of CTR, BSP and OPN may prove to be a useful marker for breast cancers, and their role in the homing of breast cancer cells to bone remains to be investigated.
Human miR‐1228 as a stable endogenous control for the quantification of circulating microRNAs in cancer patients (2014)

Circulating microRNAs are promising biomarkers for non-invasive testing and dynamic monitoring in cancer patients. However, no consensus exists regarding the normalization of circulating microRNAs in the quantification, making the results incomparable. We investigated global circulating microRNA profiles to identify a stable endogenous control for quantifying circulating microRNAs using three cohorts (n = 544), including 168 control individuals (healthy subjects and those with chronic hepatitis B and cirrhosis) and 376 cancer patients (hepatocellular, colorectal, lung, esophageal, gastric, renal, prostate, and breast cancer patients). GeNorm, NormFinder, and coefficient of variability (CV) were used to select the most stable endogenous control, whereas Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) was adopted to explore its signaling pathways. Seven candidates (miR-1225-3p, miR-1228, miR-30d, miR-939, miR-940, miR-188-5p, and miR-134) from microarray analysis and four commonly used controls (miR-16, miR-223, let-7a, and RNU6B) from literature were subjected to real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction validation using independent cohorts. MiR-1228 (CV = 5.4%) with minimum M value and S value presented as the most stable endogenous control across eight cancer types and three controls. IPA showed miR-1228 to be involved extensively in metabolism-related signal pathways and organ morphology, implying that miR-1228 functions as a housekeeping gene. Functional network analysis found that "hematological system development" was on the list of the top networks that associate with miR-1228, implying that miR-1228 plays an important role in the hematological system. The results explained the steady expression of miR-1228 in the blood. In conclusion, miR-1228 is a promising stable endogenous control for quantifying circulating microRNAs in cancer patients.
Hypothalamic Stimulation of Growth Hormone Secretion (1968)

Stimulation of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus in rats resulted in increased plasma growth hormone levels within 5 minutes, as measured by radioimmunoassay. Stimulation of the cerebral cortex was without effect. These observations confirm previous results involving destructive lesions and establish the ventromedial nucleus as a hypothalamic locus involved in the control of growth hormone secretion.
The effect of reactor configuration and operational mode on Microthrix parvicella bulking and foaming in nutrient removal activated sludge systems (2002)

Three bench-scale nutrient removal activated sludge units were used to examine the effect of the reactor configuration and the intermittent aeration mode on the growth of Microthrix parvicella. According to the results, the plug flow configuration seems to achieve satisfactory Microthrix parvicella control. The imposed concentration gradient for both RBCOD and SBCOD creates a selective advantage for the floc forming bacteria throughout the system (both the anoxic and oxic zones) and limits Microthrix parvicella growth. In terms of the operational mode, the intermittent aeration CSTR nutrient removal system promotes the growth of M. parvicella and deteriorates the settling characteristics of the activated sludge.
Human Prolactin Receptor Variants in Breast Cancer (2004)

Prolactin plays an essential role in the development of rodent mammary tumors and is a potent mitogen in human normal and cancerous breast tissues/cells. In this study, we have analyzed the expression of prolactin receptors, including the long receptor form (LF; stimulatory) and two novel short forms (SFs; S1a and S1b) derived from alternative splicing that are inhibitory of the activation induced by prolactin through the LF. Southern analysis of breast cancer profiling arrays revealed that 29 patients (group I) expressed an elevated LF, 10 patients (group II) showed decreased LF, and 8 patients (group III) had no change relative to the adjacent normal tissue. Their respective SF expression was increased in 21 patients of group I and generally decreased in groups II and III. However, the ratio of SF to LF was significantly decreased in 76% of the breast tumors and distributed evenly among the groups. Quantification of differential expression of prolactin receptor variants by real-time PCR in 15 pairs of human normal and tumor breast-matched tissues revealed a similar significant decrease in the ratio of SF to LF in the tumor tissue. Consistent lower ratio of SFs to LFs was confirmed in 8 of ten different breast cancer cell lines compared with normal mammary Hs578Bst and MCF10A cells. Because SFs act as dominant negative regulators of the stimulatory actions of the LF in vitro, their relatively reduced expression in cancer could cause gradations of unopposed prolactin-mediated LF stimulatory function and contribute to breast tumor development/progression.
Conductive polymers : transport, photophysics and applications (1997)

Partial table of contents: Transport in Conducting Polymers (E. Conwell). Charge Transport in Conducting Polymers (R. Menon). Photochemical Processes of Conductive Polymers (M. Abdou & S. Holdcroft). Photorefractive Polymers (L. Yu, et al.). Electropolymerized Phthalocyanines and Their Applications (T. Guarr). Characterization and Applications of Poly(p-phenylene) and Poly(p-phenylenevinylene) (C. Kvarnstr?m & A. Ivaska). Artificial Muscles, Electrodissolution and Redox Processes in Conducting Polymers (T. Otero). Conducting Polymers for Batteries, Supercapacitors and Optical Devices (C. Arbizzani, et al.). Photoelectric Conversion by Polymeric and Organic Materials (M. Kaneko). Index
The Application of POT Model in Loss Data:Based on MCMC Method (2010)

Extreme statistics is an important branch of the main events on extreme cases of random statistical regularity.We fit the loss data of rainstorm in China by POT model to determine the distribution form of excess loss.The empirical shows,POT Model,which proved to be effective in extreme loss measurement,deals with the loss distribution of catastrophe risk under the Loss Distribution Method framework.A MCMC model with Gibbs sampling is established to estimate the parameters required in POT.
Nonlinear radial oscillations of a gas bubble including thermal effects (1984)

A system of integral differential equations determining the nonlinear oscillations of a spherical gas bubble including thermal and viscous damping effects is derived. This system is obtained systematically from the Navier–Stokes equations for the liquid and the gas phases and from the interface conditions by the method of matched asymptotics. The ratio of the thermal length (De/ω)1/2, in the gas and the mean bubble radius is the small expansion parameter. Here De is the reference thermal diffusivity of the gas and ω the frequency of oscillation. By using the well-tested approximate viscosity function in compressible boundary layer theory, the pressure inside the bubble can be related to its radius by an integral equation. Coupling this integral equation with the Rayleigh–Plesset equation gives us a closed system determining the radial oscillations of the bubble. For small oscillations, the system is solved analytically and the results are in agreement with the linear theory. This system is then solved numerically for finite amplitude oscillations.
LDA based integrated document recommendation model for e-learning systems (2011)

The increasing popularity of e-learning systems has created the necessity for the personalized recommendation model which can be used to optimize the effective learning environment for the learner. Personalized recommendation model is a specific type of information filtering system used to identify a set of objects that are relevant to a learner. Instead of a learner actively searching for information, recommender systems provide advice to learners about objects they might wish to examine. An integrated recommendation model would greatly help learners to find the most desirable documents in their fields of endeavor. Due to the textual nature of documents in corpus, content information could be integrated into existed recommendation methods. We propose a personalized integrated model for e-learning systems that consists of two steps: a) Using Latent Dirichlet Allocation topic modeling technique to make topic analysis on corpus, b) Introducing a similarity measurement to content-based recommendation approach.