gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ultra-sensitive Hall sensors based on graphene encapsulated in hexagonal boron nitride (2015)

The encapsulation of graphene in hexagonal boron nitride provides graphene on substrate with excellent material quality. Here, we present the fabrication and characterization of Hall sensor elements based on graphene boron nitride heterostructures, where we gain from high mobility and low charge carrier density at room temperature. We show a detailed device characterization including Hall effect measurements under vacuum and ambient conditions. We achieve a current- and voltage-related sensitivity of up to 5700 V/AT and 3 V/VT, respectively, outpacing state-of-the-art silicon and III/V Hall sensor devices. Finally, we extract a magnetic resolution limited by low frequency electric noise of less than 50 nT/Hz making our graphene sensors highly interesting for industrial applications.
ChemInform Abstract: Enzymatic Resolution of Diols Derived from p‐Benzoquinones. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Novel Multi-Functional Life Support System (2010)

Concepts of cardiopulmonary support (CPS), extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), and ventricular support (VS) have been thoroughly studied and refined. These perfusion adjuncts often require multiple devices, skill sets, and significant financial burden to purchase, maintain, deploy, and use. We describe a novel system that is rapidly deployable, user-friendly, portable, safe, and economical. Over a 1-year period we have used a multi-functional life support system (MLS) in the cardiac catheterization laboratory, cardiovascular intensive care unit, and cardiac surgical suites. Further, we have conducted multiple transports within the hospital and one to an alternate facility. Applications have included ECMO, cardiopulmonary resuscitation-supported cardiogenic shock, high risk percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), valvuloplasty, right ventricular assist device transition to ECMO post cardiotomy, left ventricular assist device transition to ECMO, ventricular septal defect closure, and ECMO transition to conventional cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Duration of support has ranged from approximately 39 minutes to several days.
Syntheses and Herbicidal Activities of Dithiocarbamates (1969)

Journal Article Syntheses and Herbicidal Activities of Dithiocarbamates: Part I. Benzyl Esters of N-Substituted Dithiocarbamic Acids and Related Compounds Get access Shigeki Wakamori, Shigeki Wakamori Research Laboratory, Toa Agricultural Chemicals Co., Ltd., Odawara, Kanagawa-Pref Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Yoshio Yoshida, Yoshio Yoshida Research Laboratory, Toa Agricultural Chemicals Co., Ltd., Odawara, Kanagawa-Pref Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Yoshio Ishii Yoshio Ishii Research Laboratory, Toa Agricultural Chemicals Co., Ltd., Odawara, Kanagawa-Pref Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 33, Issue 10, 1 October 1969, Pages 1367–1376, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1969.10859495 Published: 01 October 1969 Article history Received: 15 November 1968 Published: 01 October 1969
Bacteriocin-mediated inhibition of Clostridium botulinum spores by lactic acid bacteria at refrigeration and abuse temperatures (1991)

The bacteriocinogenicity of Lactococcus lactis ATCC 11454, Pediococcus pentosaceus ATCC 43200, P. pentosaceus ATCC 43201, Lactobacillus plantarum BN, L. plantarum LB592, L. plantarum LB75, and Lactobacillus acidophilus N2 against Clostridium botulinum spores at 4, 10, 15, and 35 degrees C was investigated by modified deferred and simultaneous antagonism methods. All the strains, except L. acidophilus N2, produced inhibition zones on lawns of C. botulinum spores at 30 degrees C. L. plantarum BN, L. lactis ATCC 11454, and P. pentosaceus ATCC 43200 and 43201 were bacteriocinogenic at 4, 10, and 15 degrees C. Supplementation of brain heart infusion agar with 0 to 5% NaCl increased the radii of inhibition zones during simultaneous antagonism assays. Detectable bacteriocin activities were extracted from freeze-thawed agar cultures of L. plantarum BN and L. lactis ATCC 11454 which had been grown at 4 and 10 degrees C. These results suggest that low levels of L. plantarum BN or L. lactis ATCC 11454, in the presence of 3 or 4% NaCl, could be formulated into minimally processed refrigerated food products for protection against possible botulism hazards.
Bound electron acceptors of photosystem I Evidence against the identity of redox center A<sub>1</sub>with phylloquinone (1987)

Photosystem (PS) I preparations from spinach and from a cyanobacterium contain two molecules of phylloquinone (2‐methyl‐3‐phytyl‐1,4‐naphthoquinone) per photosystem, only one of which is rapidly destroyed by ultraviolet light. In preparations of the core of PS I, the P700 reaction center, both quinone molecules are rapidly destroyed by UV irradiation. Nearly complete destruction does not alter the shape and size of the EPR spectrum of the electron acceptor A 1 , which is believed to be phylloquinone. Photooxidation of P700, the primary electron donor of PS I, is also not affected. The results provide strong evidence against the identity of redox center A 1 with the naphthoquinone.
Subcarrier-Pairing-Based Resource Optimization for OFDM Wireless Powered Relay Transmissions With Time Switching Scheme (2016)

In this paper, we investigate the joint resource optimization for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing relay transmissions, where the relay uses time switching (TS) scheme for wireless information and power transfer. We aim to maximize the total rate under several constraints by adjusting the subcarrier pairing (SP), the source transmission power, the relay transmission power, and the TS factor. Different from most of the previous works that ignore the energy consumption for signal receiving and processing at relay, we take into account a realistic energy consumption model. We formulate the joint resource allocation problem as a mixed integer nonlinear programming problem, which is generally difficult to solve. First, we give the feasible condition of the considered problem. Based on this condition, we prove the ordered SP is the optimal SP, and thus SP and the rest of the resource allocation problem (RRAP) can be separately solved without loss of optimality. Then, a searching algorithm is proposed to find the global optimal solution to the RRAP. To improve the efficiency, a method is proposed to reduce the searching region to a smaller one, which is proven to contain the optimal solution. Next, to further reduce the computational complexity, we subtly transform the RRAP to an equivalent problem, where the objective function is a D.C. function (difference of concave functions). By exploiting the partial convex structure, we propose an efficient and fast algorithm. Finally, simulations verify the superior performance of the proposed algorithms comparing with related ones in terms of total rate.
Reducing harm caused by tobacco. Research findings from the University of Minnesota. (2005)

Researchers from the University of Minnesota Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Center have spent the past 5 years exploring ways to evaluate exposure to tobacco toxins in smokers and nonsmokers and reduce the associated health risks. This article discusses research into the health effects associated with smokers reducing the number of cigarettes they consume and using lower-tar cigarettes, modified tobacco products, and smokeless tobacco. Researchers found little, if any, benefit to products that promise less exposure to cancer-causing tobacco toxins.
An Empirical Study of Hyper-Threading in High-Performance Computing Clusters (2002)

The effects of Intel Hyper-Threading technology on a system performance vary according to the type of applications the system is running. Hyper-Threading affects High Performance Computing (HPC) clusters similarly. The characteristics of application run on a cluster will determine whether Hyper-Threading will help or hinder performance. In addition, the operating system’s support for scheduling tasks, with Hyper-Threading enabled, is an important factor in the overall performance of the system. In this paper, we used an experimental approach to demonstrate the performance gain or degradation of various parallel benchmarks running on a Linux cluster. The results of these benchmarks show that performance varies as a function of the number of nodes and the number of processors per node. Furthermore, we used a performance analysis tool to determine the cause of these performance differences when Hyper-Threading was enabled versus disabled. Our analysis shows the correlation between the cluster performance and the program characteristics, such as computational type, cache and memory usage, and message-passing properties. We conclude the paper by providing guidance on how to best apply Hyper-Threading technology to application classes.
Highlighting Changes in Two Russian Schools with Successful One-to-One Laptop Programs: Moscow and Nizhny Novgorod Case Studies. (2012)

One-to-one educational model of mobile learning at school is essential part of Innovative education reform and modernization of Russian educational system [1]. This study provides analysis of integrating technology in Russian schools by taking a close look at how laptops were used in the classrooms on a daily basis. And how the laptops and information resources had become a daily part of learning in the classroom that in turn supported changes in the overall learning.
Optomechanical Design Of A Space-Based Diode-Laser Transmitter Assembly (1989)

The advent of space-based coherent diode-laser communication systems requires development of transmitter assemblies capable of operating under harsh conditions after exposure to the launch environment. This paper presents the optomechanical design and expected performance of a transmitter for use in a heterodyne system.
Extraction De Reseaux Egocentres Dans Un (Tres Grand) Reseau Social (2009)

Extracting Ego-Centered Networks From Very Large Social Networks: This article presents a method at the intersection of macro and micro approaches in social networks. In examining ego-centered network, it proposes an approach to this type of study for very large networks. The calculation of several local indicators makes it possible to create aggregate statistics for each of the nodes of the network, which can then be seen as a corpus of ego-centered networks. An application is made on a network of telephone conversations between two million people, and a comparison is made with a classic ego-centered network study, based on an ethnographic research project. Social Networks, Ego-Centered Networks, Large Social Networks, Density, Communication Networks, Macro versus Micro, Qualitative Approaches [a corrected machine translation in English of this article is available on request from bms@reveus.org].
Mössbauer analysis of the acceptor site for the donated electrons in Fe<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Cl</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>-intercalated graphite compounds (1983)

Recently it has been shown that electrons donated by the graphite host to the Fe${\mathrm{Cl}}_{3}$ intercalate freeze onto selected ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{3+}$ ions to change them into ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{2+}$ ions at low temperatures. We find that this process occurs continuously beginning at approximately 100 K. Two possible explanations of the data are presented. We examine the possibility that the number of donated electrons which are associated with selected iron sites is temperature dependent, and that a free-bound transition occurs as the temperature is lowered. We also discuss an alternative explanation first suggested by Hohlwein et al. in terms of a temperature-dependent hopping rate for the electrons which becomes slow compared with the nuclear Larmor frequency at low temperatures. Although our fits to the experimental spectra appear to favor the first explanation, we find that the second one cannot be ruled out on the basis of M\"ossbauer spectroscopy alone. Finally, we also discuss the sample dependence of the number of ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{2+}$ sites observed at low temperatures. Our findings support the suggestion of Wertheim et al. that chlorine atoms surrounding iron vacancies when present in sufficient numbers in the intercalate may act as the primary acceptor site for the electrons donated by the graphite to the intercalate.
Some Effects of the Olefinic Structure on the Orientation of the Hydroformylation Reaction (1974)

The behavior of α,β-unsaturated esters and of alkenylbenzenes has been studied under hydroformylation conditions with Co2(CO)8 and Rh/Al2O3 as catalysts. The results show that the formation of either aldehydes or saturated products as well as the distribution of isomeric aldehydes depend on: (1) the presence of -COOR and C6H5- groups, (2) the location of the substituents on the double bond, and (3) the nature of catalytic precursors. Furthermore, in rhodium catalysis, the geometry of the double bond in olefinic stereoisomers affects the aldehyde distribution; this allowed us to establish the cis character of the addition.
Comparison of hearing thresholds measured with supra-aural headphones and earphones fitted to custm earmoulds (2000)

An investigation to compare hearing threshold levels measured with headphones (THP) and button-type earphones (TEP) was performed with eight moderately-to-profoundly hearing-impaired adults. The earphone output was calibrated in this study by measuring the sound pressure level using an ear simulator (B and K Type 4157). The earphone threshold levels were combined with the reference equivalent threshold SP Ls for the ER -3A insert earphone (ANSI, 1989) to convert the earphone data to equivalent dB HL units. Differences in threshold levels for headphones and earphones (THP – TEP) were within 5 dB for frequencies between 125 Hz and 2000 Hz, except at 1414 Hz where it was +8.7dB. At 2828 and 4000 Hz, the differences were −10.4 and −19.6 dB, respectively. Random variance in measured threshold levels was comparable for earphones and headphones in the frequency range of 125–2828 Hz. The results of this study have established a set of correction figures enabling the calibration of hearing threshold levels measured via the Oticon AN1000 earphone into equivalent dB HL units. These data are now being used in a computer-assisted hearing-aid fitting procedure to improve the accuracy and reliability of hearing-aid fitting for hearing-impaired individuals, while eliminating the need to measure thresholds separately using an audiometer and headphones.
TOXIC SUBSTANCES FROM COAL COMBUSTION: A COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT (1998)

The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 identify a number of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) as candidates for regulation. Should regulations be imposed on HAP emissions from coal-fired power plants, a sound understanding of the fundamental principles controlling the formation and partitioning of toxic species during coal combustion will be needed. With support from the Federal Energy Technology Center (FETC), the Electric Power Research Institute, and VTT (Finland), Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) has teamed with researchers from USGS, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), the University of Arizona (UA), the University of Kentucky (UK), the University of Connecticut (UC), the University of Utah (W) and the University of North Dakota Energy and Environmental Research Center (EERC) to develop a broadly applicable emissions model useful to regulators and utility planners. The new Toxics Partitioning Engineering Model (ToPEM) will be applicable to all combustion conditions including new fuels and coal blends, low-NO{sub x} combustion systems, and new power generation plants. Development of ToPEM will be based on PSI's existing Engineering Model for Ash Formation (EMAF). This report covers the reporting period from the submission of the draft Phase 1 Final Report through the end of June, 1998. During this period two of the three Phase 2 coals were procured and pulverized samples were distributed to team members. Analysis of Phase 1 X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS) data, particularly of mercury in sorbent samples, continued. An improved method for identifying mercury compounds on sorbents was developed, leading to a clearer understanding of forms of mercury in char and sorbents exposed to flue gas. Additional analysis of Phase 1 large scale combustion data was performed to investigate mechanistic information related to the fate of the radionuclides Cs, Th, and Co. Modeling work for this period was focused on building and testing a sub-model for vaporization of major elements during combustion.
Cu-O vibrations of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Ba</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">YCu</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (1987)

We present Raman and infrared absorption data for ${\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}$${\mathrm{YCu}}_{3}$${\mathrm{O}}_{\mathrm{x}}$ with 7>x>6 for several samples with well-characterized oxygen content. Over this range the material has an oxygen-deficient tripled perovskite structure whose superconductivity properties depend critically on x. An orthorhombic-to-tetragonal transition occurs for x\ensuremath{\approxeq}6.5. We have examined both phases for the frequency range \ensuremath{\omega}>400 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ which contains the Cu-O bond-stretching vibrations. A force-constant model has been developed which allows us to assign the features in the spectra. Our results are consistent with the linear Cu-O-Cu-O chains in ${\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}$${\mathrm{YCu}}_{3}$${\mathrm{O}}_{7}$ being absent in the nonsuperconducting ${\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}$${\mathrm{YCu}}_{3}$${\mathrm{O}}_{6}$.
The prediction of collision. (1957)

No direct information is available on the factors which enter into an operator's decision as to whether two moving objects will collide, nor are there data on the accuracy with which such predictions are made. The previous studies which bear the closest relation to these problems have involved only one moving object. In a motion-picture Estimation of Velocity Test devised by Gibson, S was required to estimate at a subsequent instant of time the position of a moving airplane which had disappeared behind a cloud.1 The responses indicated that S generally was able to extrapolate the target-motion with an error of velocity of less than 20%. Experimental work by one of the present writers, using a task in which S was required to continue tracking after the target disappeared, found the average error of continuative velocity to be from 12 to 17% of the previous velocity.2 The continuation of accelerated patterns of motion also was studied. It was found that the continuation maintained a constant velocity which was lower than the last visible velocity for positively accelerated targets and higher for negatively accelerated ones. It was inferred that S had either used a particular 'stale' velocity or else had integrated velocities over some period of time. In the present experiment, one type of collision-situation was studied. Two targets in marked orthogonal lanes approached an intersection, and a centrallyplaced S predicted their future relative positions. There are, of course, many important collision-situations to which one or more of these specifications will not apply, and it should be emphasized that each variation in situation may well bring new factors into the judgments. Expectations here were based upon the earlier studies on estimation and continuation. It was predicted that judgments of the relative future positions of two moving targets would reflect an error of 15 or 20% in estimating the velocities. The smoothing of accelerated motion also was foreseen. METHOD
Effect of sire breed on eating quality of cross‐bred lambs (1979)

Abstract A comparison was made of the eating quality of lamb produced by six sire breeds (Texel, Dorset Down, Suffolk, Oxford, Cotswold and Southdown) on a common ewe type. Taste panel and instrumental measurements showed that sire breed had no effect on the colour, texture, flavour nor on juiciness of roast M. longissimus dorsi . The findings are discussed in relation to consumer attitudes.
Note on a System of Linear Congruences (1905)

has given a table from which the linear forms of H in the equation N = M 2 +mG 2 are easily obtained. In a previous communication* the writer has given a general process for solving any linear system. When, however, H is ambiguous in sign the work in applying this process can be considerably reduced. The object of the present note is to explain this briefly.
Microfluidic experimental array using micro-rotation flow for producing size-controlled three-dimensional spheroids (2010)

We propose a microfluidic experimental platform for producing size-controlled spheroids. Cells are collected to form a spheroid in chambers by micro-rotational flow in two minutes. The developed array could control the size of three-dimensional spheroids hydrodynamically with the standard deviations less than 19% by varying the cell density of the medium without altering the device geometry. Using the developed perfusion system we experimentally observed that the sizes of formed spheroids remained constant for two days and that the detoxification enzyme, CYP1A1, activities increased.
Receding horizon chaos synchronization method (2012)

This article proposes a new synchronization method, called a receding horizon synchronization (RHS) method, for a general class of chaotic systems. A new linear matrix inequality (LMI) condition on the finite terminal weighting matrix is proposed for chaotic systems under which non-increasing monotonicity of the optimal cost is guaranteed. It is shown that the proposed terminal inequality condition guarantees the closed-loop stability of the RHS method for chaotic systems. As an application of the proposed method, the RHS problem for Chua's chaotic system is investigated.
Full-Wafer Roller-NIL Processes for Silicon Solar Cell Texturisation (2012)

The highest solar cell efficiencies both for c-Si and mc-Si were reached using template based texturing processes. Especially for mc-Si the benefit of a defined texture, the so called honeycomb texture, was demonstrated impressively. However, up until now, no industrially feasible process has been available to pattern the necessary etching masks with the sufficient resolution. Roller-Nanoimprint Lithography (Roller-NIL) has the potential to overcome these limitations and to allow high quality pattern transfers, even in the sub-micron regime, in continuous in-line processes. Therefore, this etch-mask patterning technique is a suitable solution to bring such elaborate features like the honeycomb texture to an industrial realization. Beyond that, this fast printing-like technology opens up new possibilities to introduce promising concepts like photonic structures into solar cells.