gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
GABA<sub>A</sub>receptor subunit alteration‐dependent diazepam insensitivity in the cerebellum of phospholipase C‐related inactive protein knockout mice (2010)

The GABA(A) receptor, a pentamer composed predominantly of alpha, beta, and gamma subunits, mediates fast inhibitory synaptic transmission. We have previously reported that phospholipase C-related inactive protein (PRIP) is a modulator of GABA(A) receptor trafficking and that knockout (KO) mice exhibit a diazepam-insensitive phenotype in the hippocampus. The alpha subunit affects diazepam sensitivity; alpha1, 2, 3, and 5 subunits assemble with any form of beta and the gamma2 subunits to produce diazepam-sensitive receptors, whereas alpha4 or alpha6/beta/gamma2 receptors are diazepam-insensitive. Here, we investigated how PRIP is implicated in the diazepam-insensitive phenotype using cerebellar granule cells in animals expressing predominantly the alpha6 subunit. The expression of alpha1/beta/gamma2 diazepam-sensitive receptors was decreased in the PRIP-1 and 2 double KO cerebellum without any change in the total number of benzodiazepine-binding sites as assessed by radioligand-binding assay. Since levels of the alpha6 subunit were increased, the alpha1/beta/gamma2 receptors might be replaced with alpha6 subunit-containing receptors. Then, we further performed autoradiographic and electrophysiologic analyses. These results suggest that the expression of alpha6/delta receptors was decreased in cerebellar granule neurons, while that of alpha6/gamma2 receptors was increased. PRIP-1 and 2 double KO mice exhibit a diazepam-insensitive phenotype because of a decrease in diazepam-sensitive (alpha1/gamma2) and increase in diazepam-insensitive (alpha6/gamma2) GABA(A) receptors in the cerebellar granule cells.
Novel epinephrine and cyclic AMP-mediated activation of BCAM/Lu-dependent sickle (SS) RBC adhesion (2003)

The vasoocclusive crisis is the major clinical feature of sickle cell anemia, which is believed to be initiated or sustained by sickle (SS) red blood cell (RBC) adhesion to the vascular wall. SS RBCs, but not unaffected (AA) RBCs, adhere avidly to multiple components of the vascular wall, including laminin. Here we report a novel role for epinephrine and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the regulation of human SS RBC adhesiveness via the laminin receptor, basal cell adhesion molecule/Lutheran (BCAM/Lu). Our data demonstrate that peripheral SS RBCs contain greater than 4-fold more cAMP than AA RBCs under basal conditions. Forskolin or the stress mediator epinephrine further elevates cAMP in SS RBCs and increases adhesion of SS RBCs to laminin in a protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent manner, with the low-density population being the most responsive. Epinephrine-stimulated adhesion to laminin, mediated primarily via the beta 2-adrenergic receptor, occurred in SS RBC samples from 46% of patients and was blocked by recombinant, soluble BCAM/Lu, implicating this receptor as a target of cAMP signaling. Thus, these studies demonstrate a novel, rapid regulation of SS RBC adhesion by a cAMP-dependent pathway and suggest that components of this pathway, particularly PKA, the beta 2-adrenergic receptor, and BCAM/Lu, should be further explored as potential therapeutic targets to inhibit SS RBC adhesion.
Kalte Kriege nach heißen Schlachten (1986)

In ZUS wird ein zusammengesetztes Spiel, bei dem man in jeder gewünschten Anzahl von Komponentenspielen gleichzeitig ziehen darf mit „selective compound“(bzw. in der deutschen Übersetzung „selektives zusammengesetztes Spiel“) bezeichnet. Wir nennen ein solches Spiel eine Vereinigung von Komponentenspielen. Gibt es heiße Komponenten (siehe Band 1, Kapitel 5), so wollen sich natürlich beide Spieler in allen solchen Komponenten betätigen. Außerdem werden alle zwei darauf aus sein, diesen Abschnitt des Spiels so lange wie möglich auszudehnen. Sind alle Komponenten kalt, so wollen die Spieler nur in der jeweils ungefährlichsten ziehen. Somit besteht eine gut gespielte Vereinigung von Komponentenspielen aus einem langsamen Produkt der heißen Komponenten, gefolgt von einer gewöhnlichen Summe der restlichen kalten Spiele.
Electronic spectra and photophysics of platinum(II) complexes with .alpha.-diimine ligands. Mixed complexes with halide ligands (1993)

Emission properties have been studied for a series of compounds of the formula (L_2)PtC1_2, where L_2 is N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine, 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy), 4,4'-Me_2bpy, 5,5'-Me_2bpy, 4,4'-(t-Bu)_2bpy, 3,3'-(CH_3OCO)_2bpy, and 1,10-phenanthroline, and also for the compound Pt(bpy)I_2. Most of them exhibit orange to red luminescence from a triplet ligand-field (^3LF) state, both as solids and in glassy solution. These emissions are very broad (fwhm 2300-3400 cm^(-1) at 10 K) and structureless and are strongly Stokes-shifted from absorption. The two exceptions are the solid "red" form of Pt(bpy)Cl_2, which exhibits a relatively narrow (fwhm 1050 cm^(-1) at 10 K), vibronically structured (Δν ~ 1500 cm^-1)) red emission, and Pt(3,3'-(CH_3OCO)_2bpy)Cl_2, which exhibits a broad (fwhm 2500 cm^(-1) at 10 K) but structured (Δν ~1300 cm^(-1)) orange emission. Both of these emissions are assigned to triplet metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (^3MLCT) excited states. For the former compound, a linear-chain structure has destabilized a dσ*(d_(z^2)) level, yielding a dσ* → π*(bpy) state as the lowest energy excited state, while for the latter, the strongly electron-withdrawing substituents have stabilized a bpy π* level, yielding a dσ* → π*(bpy) state as the lowest energy excited state. The relative energies of the various types of excited states, including ligand 3_(ππ*) states, are discussed in detail. The crystal structures of Pt(5,5'-Me_2bpy)Cl_2 (monoclinic Cc, Z = 4, a = 13.413(7) Å, b = 9.063(4) Å, c = 12.261(9) Å, 0 = 121.71(6)') and Pt(3,3'-(CH_3OCO)_2bpy)Cl_2 (triclinic P1, Z = 2, a = 7.288(2) Å, b = 9.932(3) Å, c = 11.881(5) Å, α = 98.04(3)°, β = 103.56(3)°, γ = 106.54(3)°) are reported.
Effect of Ga<sup>+</sup> backscattering in static SIMS (1994)

Abstract We report on the origin of detected Ga + ions in static SIMS measurements. The fraction of inelastically reflected Ga + ions has been determined by applying primary ion pulses of two different gallium isotopes in appropriate time‐of‐flight (ToF) SIMS experiments. The fraction of backscattered and detected Ga + ions is in the 10 −3 −10 −6 range, depending on target material and surface contamination. The Ga + signals observed in static SIMS experiments mainly originate from backscattered primary gallium ions.
Cytopathological alterations and therapeutic approaches in Binswanger's disease (1999)

Binswanger's disease (BD) is a condition characterized by prominent brain atrophy with ventricular dilatation, diffuse white matter (WM) lesions and a scattering of lacunar infarcts. BD patients have dementia, and have vascular risk factors, focal cerebrovascular deficits and evidence of subcortical cerebral dysfunction. From our clinical studies, the most effective prophylaxis against the development of BD is to manage the hypertension, especially a high nocturnal blood pressure, in the early stage patients showing only a scattering of lacunes and/or mild WM lesions. The pathogenesis of BD is likely to be chronic cerebral ischemia due to hypertensive small artery disease with capillary collagenosis, which causes the multiple lacunes and the alterations in the glia and axons. In addition, arterial hypertension and a subsequent dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) may cause the WM lesions. A compromised BBB will permit the entry of serum components, immunoglobulins, complements and fibrinogen into the perivascular neural parenchyma. These substances may subsequently activate both astro- and microglia and thus damage the myelin structures. Experimentally, immunosuppressants, cyclosporin A and FK 506 suppressed both the glial activation and WM changes after chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. The pro-thrombotic state of the microcirculation in BD patients may also contribute to local inflammation and the BBB dysfunction, because thrombin and prostanoids are involved in various tissue reactions including brain edema and glial activation. Therefore, novel therapeutic approaches using the administration of anti-thrombin and cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors as well as immunosuppressants may be useful for preventing the progression of BD.
Industrial System for Chemical Inhibition of Vapor Cloud Explosions (2019)

The oil industry operates installations and processes with important quantities of flammable substances within a wide range of pressures and temperatures. A particular hazard for this type of installations is an accidental release of a large quantity of flammable material resulting in the formation of a flammable cloud within the installation. Historical evidence has shown that the ignition of such a cloud can lead to an explosion producing shockwaves with enough energy to cause substantial physical damage to process plants and equipment and even lead to a total destruction of the installation. Such accidents are commonly named Vapor Cloud Explosions (VCE). According to Marsh (Marsh, 2016), Vapor Cloud Explosions account for the greatest frequency of losses in the energy sector. A new technology was developed for inhibition of Vapor Cloud Explosions, based on chemical inhibition using dry powders of carbonates or bicarbonates of sodium or potassium. The efficiency of the final design of the VCE mitigation system was tested on a very large scale in Vapor Cloud Explosion tests in California (US) in September 2016. A first implementation of the inhibition system is foreseen in the near future as part of a new cracker units in South-Korea and the United States.
ChemInform Abstract: Dipolar Recoupling in MAS Spectra of Biological Solids (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Hat Size in Schizophrenia-Reply (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> When we initially obtained the results concerning cranial, cerebral, and frontal lobe size that were reported in the February 1986 issue of theARCHIVES, we were puzzled and even slightly embarrassed by the cranial measures. The criticisms suggested in the preceding letters also occurred to us: MRI is a costly and cumbersome way to measure cranial size (although it is almost never traumatic), and the implication that something as simple as head size might have pathologic meaning seems unduly simple-minded. We examined all sources of artifact that we could think of (eg, height and weight), and concluded that these did not explain the findings. We then had two choices: to report the findings so that others could attempt to replicate them (since they were potentially of important pathologic significance), or to report only the frontal and cerebral findings. After some thought, we concluded that we were scientifically obligated to
On the Structure and Reactivity of Y-Nucleoside [Wyosine] (1988)

Abstract Wyosine-Triacetate 4 has found to undergo electrophilic reactions exclusively at the C-7 position. 15N-NMR of 4, shows that the primary site of protonation is N-5 suggesting that the “right” imidazole ring is more aromatic that the “left” imidazole moiety.
Aggressiveness Niche: Can It Be the Foster Ground for Cancer Metastasis Precursors? (2016)

The relationship between tumor initiation and tumor progression can follow a linear projection in which all tumor cells are equally endowed with the ability to progress into metastasis. Alternatively, not all tumor cells are equal genetically and/or epigenetically, and only few cells are induced to become metastatic tumor cells. The location of these cells within the tumor can also impact the fate of these cells. The most inner core of a tumor where an elevated pressure of adverse conditions forms, such as necrosis-induced inflammation and hypoxia-induced immunosuppressive environment, seems to be the most fertile ground to generate such tumor cells with metastatic potential. Here we will call this necrotic/hypoxic core the "aggressiveness niche" and will present data to support its involvement in generating these metastatic precursors. Within this niche, interaction of hypoxia-surviving cells with the inflammatory microenvironment influenced by newly recruited mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and other types of cells and the establishment of bidirectional interactions between them elevate the aggressiveness of these tumor cells. Additionally, immune evasion properties induced in these cells most likely contribute in the formation and maintenance of such aggressiveness niche.
Extraction et détection automatique de pistes fréquentielles en sonar passif (1999)

A new approach of the multiple frequency line tracking based upon the so called Hidden Markov Models is proposed. More precisely, the Forward-Backward algorithm is showed to be very e cient.
Mammography: Errors in Diagnosis (1966)

The accuracy of mammography is approximately 90 per cent and somewhat dependent upon the type of breast examined. At Hutzel Hospital, Detroit, Mich., when all patients admitted with suspected carcinoma are examined preoperatively, an accuracy of 95 per cent can be attained. When large groups of out-patients are included in the study and not all cases are examined, this figure diminishes to 92 per cent. The excellent results of Egan at the M. D. Anderson Hospital were thought due in part to the type of material referred to that institution (2). The results are influenced by breast size, age of patient, and degree and type of mammary dysplasia present. Carcinoma Forty carcinomas have been misdiagnosed. Half of these were notable in that the carcinoma could not be identified in retrospect. One might assume, therefore, that 4 per cent is the irreducible error in this material; prior experience at our institution (Hutzel Hospital, Detroit, Mich.) has shown 8 per cent of carcinomas have been incorrectly identified (7). Certain factors tend to repeat themselves in the cases where the tumor could not be identified. In general, the patients were younger (Fig. 1) and their breasts were smaller (Table I) and involved severely with mammary dysplasia (Table II). These cancers were not of the circumscribed variety when seen by the pathologist, and three were metastatic from previously resected tumor of the opposite breast. The other 20 errors in malignant disease were quite different. There were easily recognized abnormalities within the breast, and all were commented upon prior to surgery. This group lends itself to an attack for improvement in future cases. Fifteen were solitary circumscribed lesions. Three were mass-like areas of density interpreted as adenosis, one had calcifications thought too large to be associated with cancer, and the last only a few calcifications in an extremely dysplastic breast, assumed to be associated with the benign disease. Patient age, breast size, and associated mammary dysplasia were of little significance in these cases. Benign Disease Benign disease of the breast has been misdiagnosed as cancer in about 11 per cent of the cases (7). This problem is not as serious as failing to recognize a carcinoma within the breast; however, it must be maintained at a reasonable figure. Concerted efforts to reduce this error were made, but studies indicate that accuracy in correctly identifying malignant disease is proportional to the number of errors made in overdiagnosing benign disease (1, 3). Two hundred errors in benign disease were reviewed (Table III). As one might expect, the solitary lesion occasioned the greatest number, followed by the dominant mass and tumor calcifications. By “dominant mass” is meant one of many lesions appearing to be a cancer. It is often not the largest. Most cases are in women with severe cystic disease and adenosis with multiple bilateral masses.
(<i>E</i>)-2-[4-(Trifluoromethyl)benzylidene]-2,3-dihydro-1<i>H</i>-inden-1-one (2012)

In the title mol-ecule, C(17)H(11)F(3)O, the indan ring system and the trifluoro-methyl-substituted benzene ring are approximately individually planar and form a dihedral angle of 1.81 (5)° with each other. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by pairs of weak bifurcated (C-H)(2)⋯O hydrogen bonds to form centrosymmetric dimers, generating R(2) (1)(6) and R(2) (2)(10) ring motifs. These dimers are connected by further weak C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds into one-dimensional chains along the b axis. Weak C-H⋯π inter-actions are also present.
DEA inter universités Signaux et Images en Biologie et Médecine : du présentiel à la formation à distance (2003)

National audience
Spatial and Temporal Genetic Structure of Anopheles arabiensis in Southern Zambia over Consecutive Wet and Drought Years (2007)

No studies have addressed the spatial complexity of Anopheles arabiensis populations in Zambia or the effects of drought on the genetic structure of this species. We genotyped approximately 420 An. arabiensis at 12 microsatellite loci representing 18 collections from the Southern Province of Zambia. Collections spanned three transmission seasons and covered a wet year-drought year-wet year cycle. Anopheles arabiensis within the 2,000 km(2) of the Macha study region were panmictic, with high gene flow between Macha and Namwala, Zambia, which are 80 km apart. There was little evidence for genetic structuring among years, with no significant shifts in allele frequency distributions or observed heterozygosity, and no evidence for a genetic bottleneck despite a drastic reduction in mosquito numbers during the drought year. Anopheles arabiensis in southern Zambia has a large deme size, and the regional genetic structure of this species was little affected by an extended drought period.
Developments of Plasma Tubes Array Technology for Extra Large Area Film Display (2010)

Plasma tubes array is a film display that is able to realize an extra large area emissive display, and also be expected to realize the new industrial applications of wall size display because of its attractive characteristics such as ultra-thin, lightweight, flexible and low power consumption. We had successfully developed a prototype display of 3 m × 2 m screen size which consisted of 6 of 1 m × 1 m sub-modules with seamless connected structure. The weight, thickness and power consumption of the display film were 7.5 kg, 1 mm, and 1200 W, respectively. It enables people to get an immersive experience with high quality real-size images shown on this display, which opens a door to the new world of natural communication in a virtual environment.
An intense proton beam diagnostic using the {sup 7}Li(p,{gamma}{sup 8})Be {yields} {sup 141}Pr({gamma},n){sup 140}Pr({beta}{sup +}) nuclear reaction sequence (1994)

An indirect nuclear activation diagnostic was developed to measure the proton fluence onto a thick target of lithium metal located in the diode region of pulsed power accelerators. This diagnostic uses the nuclear sequence {sup 7}Li(p,{gamma}){sup 8}Be=>{sup 14l}Pr({gamma},n){sup 140}Pr({beta}{sup +}) to relate the proton reaction fluence to induced {sup 140}Pr activity. This diagnostic was calibrated using a Van de Graaff accelerator. Energetic protons were focused onto a thick lithium target driving the {sup 7}Li(p,{gamma}){sup 8}Be reaction. The resulting prompt gamma rays activated a secondary {sup l4l}Pr target via the reaction {sup 141}Pr({gamma},n){sup 140}Pr({beta}{sup +}). A NaI gamma-gamma coincidence detector system was used to measure the induced {sup 140}Pr activity as a function of proton energy and proton fluence. These data yielded a calibration curve for proton energies ranging from 2 to 12 MeV. Since deuterium impurities can interfere with this diagnostic by driving the reaction sequence {sup 7}Li(d,n){sup 8}Be=> {sup 141}Pr(n,2n){sup 140}Pr, a similar calibration experiment was conducted using deuterium ions. These data yielded a correction factor that can be used to determine the deuterium contribution to the {sup 140}Pr activity providing that the deuterium beam fraction is known.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS WITH 1‐BENZOTRIAZOLCARBOXYLIC ACID CHLORIDE. VI. SYNTHESIS OF 1,3‐BENZOXAZIN‐4‐ONE OR 2,4(1H,3H)‐QUINAZOLINEDIONE (1981)

Abstract Anthranilsäure (I) reagiert mit dem Säurechlorid (II) zu Isatosäureanhydrid (III).
A high-resolution jitter measurement technique using ADC sampling (2002)

In this paper, we propose a new technique for jitter measurement that can be implemented using commercially available, off-the-shelf components. The technique implements a high-resolution, high-speed, phase detector using a high-speed Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC). The technique is shown to have high resolution and low test time compared to currently available techniques. Experimental results to demonstrate the effectiveness of the technique are presented.
Compiler optimizations for I/O-intensive computations (2003)

This paper describes transformation techniques for out-of-core programs (i.e., those that deal with very large quantities of data) based on exploiting locality using a combination of loop and data transformations. Writing efficient out-of-core program is an arduous task. As a result, compiler optimizations directed at improving I/O performance are becoming increasingly important. We describe how a compiler can improve the performance of the code by determining appropriate file layouts for out-of-core arrays and finding suitable loop transformations. In addition to optimizing a single loop nest, our solution can handle a sequence of loop nests. We also show how to generate code when the file layouts are optimized. Experimental results obtained on an Intel Paragon distributed-memory message-passing multiprocessor demonstrate marked improvements in performance due to the optimizations described in this paper.
Perioperative Outcomes of Robotic Partial Nephrectomy for Intrarenal Tumors (2014)

RPN is feasible, safe, and effective in the treatment of select intrarenal kidney tumors with outcomes similar to those of partially exophytic tumors. This is likely facilitated by intraoperative ultrasonography. Completely intrarenal kidney tumors should not be automatically relegated to radical nephrectomy or open surgery.
Conveying and Handling Location Information in the IP Multimedia Subsystem (2017)

The IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), specified by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), is a key element in the next-generation network (NGN) converged architecture.Extending the IMS towards provisioning support for locationbased services (LBS) will enable enhanced services and offer new revenues to the operator. Conveying location information in the IMS and connecting the IMS with a positioning system are still open issues. This paper presents the design and implementation of an IMS Location Server (ILS) integrating IMS with a positioning system. From the IMS perspective, the ILS serves as a service enabler for LBS. In order to demonstrate proof-of-concept in enhancing IMS-based services, two prototype service scenarios have been implemented: Location-aware Messaging (LaM), andLocation-aware Push-to-Talk over cellular (LaPoC). Some work has been done by the IETF in the area of location information transport based on the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP). This paper proposes improvements in this area, primarily related to reducing the necessary amount of signaling with the specification of a new type of location filter. We have conducted measurements in a laboratory environment in order to illustrate our proposed solution and verify the benefits compared to existing solutions in terms of traffic load and session establishment time. Furthermore, we present a case study integrating the ILS with the Ericsson Mobile Positioning System (MPS).