gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of viral agents causing diarrhea among children in the Eastern Center of Tunisia (2006)

Viral diarrhea remains a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Tunisia, no comprehensive studies of all viral agents related to diarrhea in children have yet been conducted. The present study was performed to investigate the role of enteric viruses in acute diarrhea in the country. Six hundred thirty-eight stool samples were collected from children under 5 years of age seeking medical care for acute diarrhea between October 2003 and September 2005 in hospitals from the Eastern-Center Tunisia. All samples were tested for rotavirus, astrovirus, and adenovirus using commercial antigen enzyme immunoassays (EIAs). Positive samples for rotavirus and astrovirus were confirmed by an "in-house" reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Samples positive for adenovirus antigen were subjected to further EIA screening for species F enteric adenovirus types 40 and 41. At least one viral agent was found in 30% of the specimens. The frequency of rotavirus, astrovirus, and adenovirus was 20%, 7%, and 6%, respectively. Of the stool samples containing adenovirus, 57% (20/35) were found to be positive for species F adenovirus types 40/41. Dual infections were found in 9% (17/191) of the positive samples. Enteric viruses appear to play an important role in pediatric diarrhea in Tunisia. The introduction of affordable viral diagnosis in pediatric hospitals will improve patient care by reducing the unnecessary use of antibiotics.
A Novel Chainlike Heteropolyanion Formed by Keggin Units: Synthesis and Structure of (ET)<sub>8<i>n</i></sub>[PMnW<sub>11</sub>O<sub>39</sub>]<sub><i>n</i></sub> · 2<i>n</i>H<sub>2</sub>O (1995)

Novel, polymeric linear chains of Keggin polyoxometalate units PMnW11O39 linked through Mn-O-W bridges (see picture below) are present in the structure of the title compound 1. The chains alternate with layers of the organic donor bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene (ET). Compound 1 promises interesting material properties resulting from the combination of localized magnetic moments with delocalized electrons.
Properties of ices at 0 K: A test of water models (2007)

The properties of ices Ih, II, III, V, and VI at zero temperature and pressure are determined by computer simulation for several rigid water models (SPC/E, TIP5P, TIP4P/Ice, and TIP4P/2005). The energies of the different ices at zero temperature and pressure (relative to the ice II energy) are compared to the experimental results of Whalley [J. Chem. Phys. 81, 4087 (1984)]. TIP4P/Ice and TIP4P/2005 provide a qualitatively correct description of the relative energies of the ices at these conditions. In fact, only these two models provide the correct ordering in energies. For the SPC/E and TIP5P models, ice II is the most stable phase at zero temperature and pressure whereas for TIP4P/Ice and TIP4P/2005 ice Ih is the most stable polymorph. These results are in agreement with the relative stabilities found at higher temperatures. The solid-solid phase transitions at 0 K are determined. The predicted pressures are in good agreement with those obtained from free energy calculations.
Integrated Image Enhancement and Artifacts Reduction Based on Frequency Bands Manipulation (2007)

The spectrum of an image can be split into a number of frequency bands by taking the differences of the low-pass filtered versions of the original image. The visual quality of an image can be improved by manipulating different frequency bands of the image. Amplifying certain frequency bands would enhance the sharpness/contrast of the image; and suppressing certain frequency bands would reduce noise/coding artifacts. In this paper, a least mean square (LMS) training algorithm is proposed to optimally manipulate the frequency bands of an image for simultaneously enhancing object details and reducing coding artifacts. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms other classification-based LMS approaches substantially.
SLIM: a sliding linear model for estimating the proportion of true null hypotheses in datasets with dependence structures (2010)

The R code of the proposed method is available at http://aspendb.uga.edu/downloads for academic use.
El ejercicio de la docencia en contextos de exclusión socioeducativa en la Comunidad Autónoma de Andalucía: Dificultades y perspectivas1 (2011)

En el Repositorio Institucional Séneca están depositados materiales en formato digital fruto de la producción científica o académica, de esta manera permite almacenar, difundir y preservar información de vital importancia.
Interleukin‐12 induces interferon‐γ‐dependent switching of IgG alloantibody subclass (1996)

Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a key immunoregulatory cytokine which promotes cell-mediated immunity. Its influence on the humoral immune response is less clearly defined. In this study, the effect of systemic IL-12 treatment on the T cell-dependent humoral immune response in the rat was examined using an experimental system in which PVG-RT1u congenic rats were immunized with class I Aa alloantigen in the form of a blood transfusion from the recombinant PVG.R8 rat strain. Administration of IL-12 following allo-immunization augmented the humoral immune response as determined by increased levels of cytotoxic anticlass I major histocompatibility complex antibodies. However, the effect of IL-12 on individual IgG isotypes was highly selective. Levels of allospecific antibodies of the IgG2b and IgG2c subclasses were markedly increased, whereas IgG1 alloantibody levels were profoundly reduced. The observed alterations in alloantibody response were dependent, in large part, on the stimulatory effect of IL-12 on interferon (IFN)-gamma production by T lymphocytes and natural killer cells, since they were abrogated by co-administration of neutralizing anti-IFN-gamma monoclonal antibody following alloantigen immunization.
Acute differences in foot strike and spatiotemporal variables for shod, barefoot or minimalist male runners. (2014)

This study compared stride length, stride frequency, contact time, flight time and foot-strike patterns (FSP) when running barefoot, and in minimalist and conventional running shoes. Habitually shod male athletes (n = 14; age 25 ± 6 yr; competitive running experience 8 ± 3 yr) completed a randomised order of 6 by 4-min treadmill runs at velocities (V1 and V2) equivalent to 70 and 85% of best 5-km race time, in the three conditions. Synchronous recording of 3-D joint kinematics and ground reaction force data examined spatiotemporal variables and FSP. Most participants adopted a mid-foot strike pattern, regardless of condition. Heel-toe latency was less at V2 than V1 (-6 ± 20 vs. -1 ± 13 ms, p < 0.05), which indicated a velocity related shift towards a more FFS pattern. Stride duration and flight time, when shod and in minimalist footwear, were greater than barefoot (713 ± 48 and 701 ± 49 vs. 679 ± 56 ms, p < 0.001; and 502 ± 45 and 503 ± 41 vs. 488 ±4 9 ms, p < 0.05, respectively). Contact time was significantly longer when running shod than barefoot or in minimalist footwear (211±30 vs. 191 ± 29 ms and 198 ± 33 ms, p < 0.001). When running barefoot, stride frequency was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than in conventional and minimalist footwear (89 ± 7 vs. 85 ± 6 and 86 ± 6 strides·min(-1)). In conclusion, differences in spatiotemporal variables occurred within a single running session, irrespective of barefoot running experience, and, without a detectable change in FSP. Key pointsDifferences in spatiotemporal variables occurred within a single running session, without a change in foot strike pattern.Stride duration and flight time were greater when shod and in minimalist footwear than when barefoot.Stride frequency when barefoot was higher than when shod or in minimalist footwear.Contact time when shod was longer than when barefoot or in minimalist footwear.Spatiotemporal variables when running in minimalist footwear more closely resemble shod than barefoot running.
Gallery D.C.: Design Search and Knowledge Discovery through Auto-created GUI Component Gallery (2019)

Online communities like Dribbble and GraphicBurger allow GUI designers to share their design artwork and learn from each other. These design sharing platforms are important sources for design inspiration, but our survey with GUI designers suggests additional information needs unmet by existing design sharing platforms. First, designers need to see the practical use of certain GUI designs in real applications, rather than just artworks. Second, designers want to see not only the overall designs but also the detailed design of the GUI components. Third, designers need advanced GUI design search abilities (e.g., multi-facets search) and knowledge discovery support (e.g., demographic investigation, cross-company design comparison). This paper presents Gallery D.C. http://mui-collection.herokuapp.com/, a gallery of GUI design components that harness GUI designs crawled from millions of real-world applications using reverse-engineering and computer vision techniques. Through a process of invisible crowdsourcing, Gallery D.C. supports novel ways for designers to collect, analyze, search, summarize and compare GUI designs on a massive scale. We quantitatively evaluate the quality of Gallery D.C. and demonstrate that Gallery D.C. offers additional support for design sharing and knowledge discovery beyond existing platforms.
A Cost-Effective Method to Enhance Oil Recovery of Water-Flooded Reservoirs: Air-Foam Flooding (2013)

Abstract Water-flooding is a widely used recovery method of mature oilfields. In recent years, most of the mature oilfields are already at the medium-high even ultra-high water cut period due to water breakthrough and invalid water circulation. Air foam injection has been optioned as an EOR technique to block high permeability water zones and/or increase sweeping and displacement efficiency. There are medium-high average permeability (1016×10-3μm2) oil bearing formations and ultra high permeability layers or channels after water flooding in Dagang oilfield, Petrochina. After 42 years of water injection, the recovery efficiency achieved was only 37.6%, but average water cut has reached to over 97%. In this study, Laboratory experiments were focused on low-temperature-oxidation (LTO) characteristics of oil samples, selection and evaluation of the foam agent and core foam-flooding. Through isothermal oxidation experiments, the influence of formation sand, formation water, foams, clay mineral, temperature and pressure on LTO reactions is investigated qualitatively. It is also analyzed that the changes of component and properties of crude oil before and after the LTO reaction. Selection and evaluation of basic property of the foam agent on formation condition has been done through the device of high temperature and high pressure foam agent evaluation. After that, some dynamic foam displacement experiments are also performed, including single-tube and parallel tubes displacement experiments of air foam at different water saturations. Experiments prove that during the air foam flooding process, oxygen can be effectively consumed in the formation, and the foam can effectively plug high permeability layers to expand swept volume. A pilot project has been designed according to the study in Dagang oilfield. The issues related to safety and corrosion control during air injection and the project economic assessment were also addressed in this paper.
Identification of Pathogens by Mass Spectrometry (2010)

Advances in instrumentation (separation and mass analysis), ionization techniques, and biological methodologies will all enhance the capabilities of MS for the analysis of pathogens.
ASCORBIC ACID METABOLISM IN SWINE. THE EFFECTS OF FREQUENCY OF FEEDING AND LEVEL OF SUPPLEMENTARY ASCORBIC ACID ON SWINE FED VARIOUS ENERGY LEVELS (1975)

The effects of supplementary ascorbic acid and frequency of feeding on the performance of 3-wk-old, castrated, male swine fed 140, 240 and 340 kcal/kg W 0.75 of metabolizable energy (ME) was investigated using a 3 × 3 × 2 factorial experiment. Frequency of feeding had no influence on the growth rate within any one energy group. Supplementary ascorbic acid up to the level of 1,000 mg per day produced improvement in growth rates at all levels of ME intake. The improvement in rate of growth appeared not to be due to water retention because there were no differences in creatinine excretion rates (per kg of body weight per day) between any of the groups. Ascorbic acid supplementation at the rate of 1,000 mg/day resulted in an increased proportion of the label from glucose-U- 14 C incorporated into the saponifiable fraction of an adipose tissue biopsy from the group fed a daily ration of 140 kcal ME/kg W 0.75 in five equal amounts during the day. Supplementary ascorbic acid appeared to have no other effects on lipid metabolism. Excretion of ascorbic acid was significantly increased when there was an increased ME intake and an increased level of vitamin supplementation. These observations confirm an earlier report that the ascorbic acid available to the swine is a function of the energy level in the diet. It is suggested that observations (vide supra) made in ME-deprived animals may be due to decreased amounts of ascorbic acid physiologically available to the pig.
Analysis of cell division in single clones of the Escherichia coli K-12 lexA mutant (1978)

The growth of clones of lexA mutant and lexA+ cells was analyzed. During normal growth lexA mutant clones frequently divided early, producing smaller newborn cells than the lexA+ clones. Some newborn cells in the lexA clones did not elongate or divide at all, a response that was never observed in the lexA+ clones. When starved for thymidine, most of the lexA mutant clones elongated and subsequently divided. The majority of lexA+ clones also elongated but did not divide. The above results suggest that one of the functions of the lexA+ gene is coordination of DNA repair with cell division.
Arthroscopic Debridement of the Knee: An Evidence Update. (2014)

The evidence does not show the superiority of arthroscopic debridement with or without meniscectomy in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee or with meniscal injury from degenerative causes.
Fully developed periodic turbulent pipe flow. Part 2. The detailed structure of the flow (1983)

The main experimental results of the study of periodic turbulent pipe flow have been described in Part 1 of this report. In this second part, these experimental data are examined in greater detail to understand the effect of imposed oscillation on the flow structure, at moderate to large oscillation frequencies. Data on phase and amplitude and energy spectrum are used to study the effect of the imposed oscillation on the turbulence structure at these interactive frequencies of oscillation. Additional experiments which were performed to study the effect of oscillation frequency on the flow structure are also reported. Based on the present observations as well as on the data from other sources, it is inferred that turbulent shear flows respond very differently from laminar shear flows to imposed unsteadiness. A turbulent Stokes number relevant for characterizing the unsteady turbulent shear flows is identified and used to classify such flows.
Advances in Coupled Geomechanical and Reservoir Modeling With Applications to Reservoir Compaction (2001)

Summary Coupled geomechanical and reservoir modeling is becoming feasible on a full-field scale. This paper describes the advances of the coupled model described previously,1 its extensions for modeling compaction, and the application of the model in full-field studies. The advances of the theory and numerical implementation since the original work1 make it practical to perform full-field coupled studies with complex, realistic descriptions of the geomechanical behavior of the reservoir and shales, which allows prediction of stress changes, reservoir compaction, and surface subsidence. These capabilities are demonstrated in field examples that analyze and predict classical pressure-induced compaction in a gas field and thermally induced compaction in a heavy-oil field. In both cases, the methodology of interpreting the geomechanical laboratory and field data and their integration in the coupled modeling process was the key to obtaining a realistic predictive tool. The examples demonstrate that the technology is maturing to the point that conventional studies can be converted to coupled modeling on a fairly routine basis.
Fluorescence method for measuring the kinetics of calcium ion-induced phase separations in phosphatidylserine-containing lipid vesicles (1982)

The effects of Ca2+ and Mg2+ on the fluorescence behavior of the phospholipid analogues 1-acyl-2-[6-[(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)amino]caproyl]phosphatidylcholin e and N-(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)phosphatidylethanolamine in small unilamellar vesicles consisting of phosphatidylserine, mixtures of phosphaitdylserine/phosphatidylcholine, and mixtures of phosphatidylserine/cholesterol were studied. Fluorescence quenching was observed when Ca2+, but not Mg2+, was added to phosphatidylserine vesicles containing 5 mol% fluorescent lipid. The quenching process, which could be monitored continuously, was virtually complete within 5-6 min at Ca2+ concentrations greater than or equal to 1.5 mM and resulted in a decrease of fluorescence intensity of approximately 60%. Fluorescence quenching did not occur in the presence of 0.5 mM Ca2+; however, simultaneous addition of 6 mM Mg2+ initiated a quenching process similar in rate and extent to that observed at higher concentrations of Ca2+ alone. This quenching of 4-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (NBD) fluorescence is best explained in terms of Ca2+-induced separation of lipid phases that leads to an increase in local concentration of NBD-lipid in the bilayer and hence to self-quenching of NBD fluorescence. The kinetics of Ca2+-induced phase separation were also studied in several mixed lipid systems containing phosphatidylserine. In the case of mixtures of phosphatidylserine/cholesterol, the results indicate the presence of phase-separated regions as an intrinsic property of the vesicles in the absence of Ca2+. Finally, results are presented indicating that the kinetics of phase separation is slow compared to vesicle-vesicle fusion.
Perceptual learning in motion discrimination that generalizes across motion directions (1999)

When human subjects discriminate motion directions of two visual stimuli, their discrimination improves with practice. This improved performance has been found to be specific to the practiced directions and does not transfer to new motion directions. Indeed, such stimulus-specific learning has become a trademark finding in almost all perceptual learning studies and has been used to infer the loci of learning in the brain. For example, learning in motion discrimination has been inferred to occur in the visual area MT (medial temporal cortex) of primates, where neurons are selectively tuned to motion directions. However, such motion discrimination task is extremely difficult, as is typical of most perceptual learning tasks. When the difficulty is moderately reduced, learning transfers to new motion directions. This result challenges the idea of using simple visual stimuli to infer the locus of learning in low-level visual processes and suggests that higher-level processing is essential even in "simple" perceptual learning tasks.
The demonstration of α lactalbumin in human breast carcinomas (1979)

Alpha lactalbumin, a good marker of functional differentiation, has been demonstrated in 51 of a 100 human breast carcinomas examined using the immunoperoxidase technique. There is no relationship between production of alpha lactalbumin and histological differentiation, and the absence or presence of lymph-node metastases.
A Region to the N-terminal Side of the CTCF Zinc Finger Domain Is Essential for Activating Transcription from the Amyloid Precursor Protein Promoter (2002)

Transcription from the amyloid precursor protein (APP) promoter is largely dependent on a nuclear factor binding site designated as APBbeta. The protein that binds to this site is the multifunctional transcription factor CTCF, which consists of 727 amino acids and contains a domain of 11 zinc finger motifs that is flanked by 267 amino acids on the N-terminal side and 150 amino acids on the C-terminal side. Depleting HeLa cell nuclear extract of endogenous CTCF specifically reduced transcriptional activity from the APP promoter. However, transcriptional activity was restored by replenishing the depleted extract with recombinant CTCF. Deleting 201 amino acids from the C-terminal end of CTCF had no detrimental effect on transcriptional activation, whereas deleting either 248 or 284 amino acids from the N-terminal end abolished transcriptional activation. Competing endogenous CTCF in vivo was accomplished by cotransfecting COS-1 cells with a plasmid overexpressing CTCF constructs and a reporter plasmid containing the APP promoter. Under these conditions, an N-terminal deletion of CTCF reduced expression from the APP promoter, whereas the C-terminal deletion had no effect. These results demonstrate that CTCF activates transcription from the APP promoter and that the activation domain is located on the N-terminal side of the zinc finger domain.
Acrylic Elastomers (2000)

Abstract Acrylic elastomers (ACMs) are specialty rubbers whose structure shows both the presence of a saturated backbone, which is responsible for the high heat, and oxidation resistance, and the ester side groups, which contribute to the marked polarity of this elastomer family. The first commercial ACMs were produced and introduced in the market in the United States in the 1940s. The base monomers of modern acrylic rubbers are ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, and 2‐methoxyethyl acrylate. These monomers are polymerized by free‐radical catalysts in aqueous suspension and emulsion polymerization. In order to facilitate vulcanization, proper reactive monomers are copolymerized with alkyl and/or alkoxyalkyl acrylates. A large variety of cure‐site monomers has been proposed, but only a few have achieved commercial significance. Two of the most important classes are labile chlorine‐containing monomers and epoxy/carboxyl‐containing monomers. Acrylic elastomers can be tailor‐made to meet certain performance requirements. The influence of monomer composition on oil resistance and low temperature flexibility has been studied both from the theoretical and experimental point of view. ACMs, as most elastomers, have to be propertly formulated in order to supply valuable performance. Reinforcing filler(s) and other typical rubber ingredients and additives are required. Acrylic elastomers have found commercial applications mainly in automotive non‐tire applications such as: seals, gaskets, valve stem oil deflectors, hose and hose linings, wire and cable jacketing, noise control, and vibration damping.