gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
1990 IEEE Annual Conference on Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects, 27th, Reno, NV, July 16-20, 1990, Proceedings (1990)

Various papers on nuclear and space radiation effects are presented. The general topics addressed include: basic mechanisms of radiation effects, dosimetry and energy-dependent effects, hardness assurance and testing techniques, single-event upset and latchup, isolation technologies, device and integrated circuit effects and hardening, spacecraft charging and electromagnetic effects.
Large-Scale Hexagonal-Patterned Growth of Aligned ZnO Nanorods for Nano-optoelectronics and Nanosensor Arrays (2004)

An effective approach is demonstrated for growing large-area, hexagonally patterned, aligned ZnO nanorods. The synthesis uses a catalyst template produced by a self-assembled monolayer of submicron spheres and guided vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) growth on a single crystal alumina substrate. The ZnO nanorods have uniform shape and length, align vertically on the substrate, and are distributed according to the pattern defined by the catalyst template. The nanorods grow along [0001] with side surfaces defined by {21̄1̄0}. This approach opens the possibility of creating patterned one-dimensional nanostructures for applications as sensor arrays, piezoelectric antenna arrays, optoelectronic devices, and interconnects.
Novel InGaAsN pn Junction for High-Efficiency Multiple-Junction Solar Cells (1999)

We report the application of a novel material, InGaAsN, with bandgap energy of 1.05 eV as a junction in an InGaP/GaAs/InGaAsN/Ge 4-junction design. Results of the growth and structural, optical, and electrical properties were demonstrated, showing the promising perspective of this material for ultra high efficiency solar cells. Photovoltaic properties of an as-grown pn diode structure and improvement through post growth annealing were also discussed.
Synthesis of Acrylic Polymer Nanoparticles: Speculation about Their Properties and Potential Use (2009)

Convenient synthetic procedures for making nanoparticle latexes with particle diameters in the 12-20 nm range are reviewed. These procedures yield latexes that are more concentrated (20-30 wt. %) and have much less surfactant (8-15 wt. % of the monomer) than earlier procedures. Common acrylic and styrenic monomers, including cross-linkable monomers, can be used. Nanoparticle latexes have properties that are quite different from those of conventional latexes in at least four ways. (1) Their very large surface areas affect particle properties, (2) in some cases the polymer molecules are constrained within particles whose diameters are less than half the root-mean-square diameter of the same molecule in a larger particle, (3) if starved for surfactant, they can form gels in which the particle structure is largely intact, (4) in some cases the tacticity of the polymers is different from bulk polymers. These differences suggest unique applications.
Dynamic performance of detuned ridge waveguide AlInGaAs distributed feedback laser diodes (2017)

The dynamic behavior of AlInGaAs ridge waveguide distributed feedback lasers is reported in this work covering five detuned wavelengths between 1291 nm and 1326 nm for a laser active layer optical peak gain design centered at 1310 nm at room temperature. The detuning is achieved by modifying the laser grating pitch that performs the mode selection within the laser cavity simultaneously across a single processed wafer. The dynamic behavior is evaluated using the resonance frequencies of the detuned lasers measured at a range of injection currents for heatsink temperatures of 25°C and 85°C. The results confirm that a speed improvement can be achieved at 25°C by detuning the laser to shorter wavelengths. However, the results also show that a lower direct modulation bandwidth at 85°C makes the shorter wavelength design less attractive. For communications applications such as 10 Gbps uncooled operation, this trade-off between detuning and modulation bandwidth imply an optimum around −2 nm to +8 nm detuning (measured at 25°C). © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 59:1468–1470, 2017
Omics Driven Medicine for Democratizing Health Care Delivery and Health Economics (2019)

The health care arena is rapidly evolving and incorporating novel technologies to drive clinical decision support and streamlining uncontrollable costs. The population map of disease stratifying single nucleotide polymorphisms from genome-wide association studies or mutations has not extended for the wider population burdened with disease and multiple comorbidities leading to the Promised Land in health care. Any mechanism that could establish harmonization and balance with patient care, whereas decreasing overall spending would have a massive impact on global economic development and the democratization of health care. The use of omics technologies should not only be considered for patient stratification, but drug development as well. In the era of connectivity, we should focus on the future of health care being connected with a patient’s biology and streamlining sound economic principles to adopt omics technologies into the mainstream to adopt Hippocratic policies for the betterment of people.
Downstream plasma transport and metal ionization in a high-powered pulsed-plasma magnetron (2014)

Downstream plasma transport and ionization processes in a high-powered pulsed-plasma magnetron were studied. The temporal evolution and spatial distribution of electron density (ne) and temperature (Te) were characterized with a 3D scanning triple Langmuir probe. Plasma expanded from the racetrack region into the downstream region, where a high ne peak was formed some time into the pulse-off period. The expansion speed and directionality towards the substrate increased with a stronger magnetic field (B), largely as a consequence of a larger potential drop in the bulk plasma region during a relatively slower sheath formation. The fraction of Cu ions in the deposition flux was measured on the substrate using a gridded energy analyzer. It increased with higher pulse voltage. With increased B field from 200 to 800 Gauss above racetrack, ne increased but the Cu ion fraction decreased from 42% to 16%. A comprehensive model was built, including the diffusion of as-sputtered Cu flux, the Cu ionization in the entire plasma region using the mapped ne and Te data, and ion extraction efficiency based on the measured plasma potential (Vp) distribution. The calculations matched the measurements and indicated the main causes of lower Cu ion fractions in stronger B fields to be the lower Te and inefficient ion extraction in a larger pre-sheath potential.
Solution properties of 12-heteropoly acids of molybdenum (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolution properties of 12-heteropoly acids of molybdenumGeorge A. Tsigdinos and Calvin J. HalladaCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1970, 9, 11, 2488–2492Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50093a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50093a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views247Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Susceptibility patterns of clinical and fish isolates of Laribacter hongkongensis: comparison of the Etest, disc diffusion and broth microdilution methods (2009)

Etest and disc diffusion appear to be reliable for evaluation of susceptibilities of L. hongkongensis to imipenem, ciprofloxacin and tetracycline. However, these methods may underestimate resistance to other beta-lactams.
Proton Capture Gamma Rays from the Reaction<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">P</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>31</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi> </mml:mi><mml:mi>γ</mml:mi><mml:mo>)</mml:mo><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">S</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>32</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>Leading to the Ground and First Excited States of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">S</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>32</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math> (1955)

Resonances in the reaction ${\mathrm{P}}^{31}(p, \ensuremath{\gamma}){\mathrm{S}}^{32}$ which show transitions to the ground or first excited state of ${\mathrm{S}}^{32}$ have been studied for proton energies between 0.68 and 2.35 Mev. Angular distributions have been measured at resonances at 0.816, 0.825, 1.117, 1.146, 1.248, 1.892, 1.985, 2.027, 2.120, 2.320, and 2.340 Mev. These distributions along with the ${\mathrm{P}}^{31}(p, {\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{0}){\mathrm{Si}}^{28}$ results enabled assignments of 1- to be made for the resonances at 1.892, 2.027, and 2.120 Mev, of 1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} for those at 0.825, 1.117, 1.985, 2.320, and 2.340 Mev, and of 2\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} to that at 1.248 Mev. Partial widths for ${\ensuremath{\gamma}}_{0}$ and ${\ensuremath{\gamma}}_{1}$ were also measured and are compared with theory. Analysis of the angular distributions at one resonance suggests that the spin of the first excited state of ${\mathrm{S}}^{32}$ at 2.25 Mev is 2+. The reduced proton widths for the three resonances with $J=1\ensuremath{-}$ together amount to 60 percent of the single-particle width.
Mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver identified by fetal sonography (1983)

Mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver identified by fetal sonographyE Foucar, RA Williamson, V Yiu-Chiu, MW Varner and BR KayAudio Available | Share
Local Delivery of Vaccinia Virus Expressing Multiple Costimulatory Molecules for the Treatment of Established Tumors (2006)

Successful immunotherapy of established tumors depends on overcoming the suppressive influence of the local tumor microenvironment. The direct injection of vaccinia virus expressing the B7.1 (CD80) costimulatory molecule into melanoma lesions resulted in local and systemic immunity with associated clinical responses. Therefore, we sought to evaluate the effects of a vaccinia virus expressing three costimulatory molecules, B7.1, ICAM-1, and LFA-3 (rV-TRICOM), in patients with metastatic melanoma. A standard dose escalation phase I clinical trial was performed. Thirteen patients were enrolled and 12 were available for follow-up. Local vaccination was feasible, with only low-grade injection site reactions associated with mild fatigue and myalgia reported. There was one occurrence of grade 1 vitiligo. Overall there was a 30.7% objective clinical response, with one patient achieving a complete response for more than 22 months. An inverse association was detected between anti-vaccinia antibody and anti-vaccinia T cell responses. Patients who failed to respond to vaccination but received high-dose interleukin-2 had a trend toward improved survival. Collectively, these results confirm the safety profile and feasibility of direct injection of vaccinia virus expressing multiple costimulatory molecules in patients with established tumors. Further clinical investigation is needed to better define the role of antigen, adjuvant cytokines, costimulation, and cross-presentation in the host immune response to local vaccination with vaccinia viruses expressing immunomodulatory molecules.
Cell volume regulation in the proximal convoluted tubule (1982)

To evaluate the effect of hyper- and hypotonicity on proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) cell volume, nonperfused PCT were studied in vitro with hypertonic solutions containing sodium chloride, urea, or mannitol (450 mosmol/kg H2O) and with hypotonic low sodium chloride solutions (160 mosmol/kg H2O). When the tubules were subjected to hypertonic peritubular solutions containing NaCl, cell volume immediately decreased by 15.5% and remained constant throughout the experimental period (60 min). With mannitol, the initial decrease was identical to that with NaCl (17.7%), but the PCT volume increased slightly during the experimental period. With urea, the decrease in cell volume was smaller (7%) and transient. In hypotonicity, the PCT swelled rapidly, but this swelling was followed by a rapid regulatory phase in which PCT volume nearly returned to control values after less than 10 min. With a potassium-free peritubular medium or 10(-3) M ouabain, the regulatory phase of hypotonicity completely disappeared, whereas the cells did not maintain their reduced volume in NaCl-induced hypertonicity. These results suggest that Na-K-ATPase plays an important role in the maintenance of a reduced cellular volume in hypertonicity and in the regulatory phase of hypotonicity, probably by an active extrusion of sodium and water from the cell.
High Temperature Nondestructive Testing of Metal Plates Using Mode Selective Wedges (2010)

Guided acoustic waves are of attraction for non-destructive testing (NDT) and structural health monitoring (SHM) applications at high temperature (HT) because they may inspect parts and pipes of a large area within a short time period. In the investigation experiments of brass wedges to efficiently excite and receive shear-horizontal (SH) plate acoustic waves (PAWs) in stainless steel (SS) plates at temperatures up to 200°C and NDT of an artificial line crack are presented. Piezoelectric HT shear wave wedges have been made by sol-gel sprayed piezoelectric film deposited onto brass wedges together with longitudinal to shear wave mode conversion algorithm. Brass is chosen because of its low longitudinal and shear wave velocity. Such brass wedges are bonded onto SS plate. Predominately SH₀ PAW (or like) modes have been successfully generated and received while the plate is at a temperature up to 200°C. Due to the dispersion free nature of the SH₀ PAW mode the obtained signals have short pulse durations in time domain which enhance the spatial resolution and sensitivity for defect detection. Such approach may be attractive guided acoustic wave NDT and SHM methods.
Trends in FGD system operating cost (1995)

The annual submittal of Form EIA-767 to the US Department of Energy by all US coal-fired plants larger than 10 megawatts represents a significant resource of data about the operation and maintenance costs of FGD systems. Review of this data allows for comparison of FGD operations and maintenance costs for all FGD systems in the US on a consistent basis. This paper presents an analysis of the most recent five years of this data, and displays trends which can help the reader understand the influence of various factors on the cost of operating and maintaining an FGD system. The effects of variables including unit size, reagent, process type, fuel sulfur content, absorber module size, spare absorber module capacity, and capacity factor are evaluated. Results of these evaluations may provide the reader with input to decisions regarding FGD system design configuration for new or retrofit applications.
Tracking of Extended Objects and Group Targets using Random Matrices - A Performance Analysis. (2009)

Abstract: The task of tracking extended objects or (partly) unresolvable group targets raises new challenges for both data association and track maintenance. Due to limited sensor resolution capabilities, group targets (i. e., a number of closely spaced targets moving in a coordinated fashion) may show a similar detection pattern as extended objects, namely a varying number of detections whose spread is determined by both the statistical sensor errors as well as the physical extension of the group or extended object. Different tracking approaches treating these situations have been proposed where physical extension is represented by a symmetric positive definite random matrix. In this paper, a recently published Bayesian approach is discussed with regard to the estimator’s self-assessment of the estimation error for both kinematics and extension.
Age-associated pathological changes in male rats. (1978)

The selection of rats for aging research and the interpretation of experimental results require knowledge of spontaneous age-associated lesions in specific stocks and strains. We have compared selected age-associated pathological changes, as determined by postmortem examination of 113 outbred Crl:CD(SD)BR male retired breeder rats 12--39 months old, with those reported by others in a group of 122 virgin male 12- to 33-month-old F344 rats, an inbred strain from the same commercial source as the outbred rats. Numerous degenerative, inflammatory, and neoplastic lesions occurred in both groups. The wide prevalence and severity of many of the lesions suggest that they could be the source of significant variability in the results of specific aging studies, by their direct and indirect effect(s) on target organs. The prevalence of spontaneous lesions should be defined for each stock or strain intended for use in aging research by postmortem examination of representative groups of animals at various ages. Antemortem diagnostic screening of old rats may also be useful in culling animals bearing lesions that could add to the variability of experimental results, or in selecting for specific lesions that are of research interest themselves.
Dynamic Force Spectroscopy of Conservative and Dissipative Forces in an Al-Au(111) Tip-Sample System (2001)

The conservative and dissipative interaction between an aluminum tip and a gold (111) surface were investigated using dynamic force spectroscopy in UHV. Complete force vs distance curves and friction coefficient vs distance curves were obtained quantitatively. The force curves were compared to the model by Muller, Yushenko, and Derjaguin, and long and short range interactions were subsequently quantified without fit parameters. A short range conservative interaction was separated from longer range van der Waals forces. The long range behavior of the damping coefficient obeys an inverse power law of third order.
UROLITHIASIS, ENDOUROLOGY AND LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY (2000)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUROLOGICAL SURVEY1 Nov 2000UROLITHIASIS, ENDOUROLOGY AND LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY Ralph V. Clayman, M.D. Ralph V. Clayman, M.D. Ralph V. Clayman, M.D. Ralph V. Clayman, M.D. Ralph V. Clayman, M.D. Ralph V. Clayman, M.D. Ralph V. Clayman, M.D. Ralph V. Clayman, M.D. Ralph V. Clayman, M.D. Ralph V. Clayman, andM.D. Ralph V. ClaymanM.D. Ralph V. ClaymanRalph V. Clayman More articles by this author , Ralph V. ClaymanRalph V. Clayman More articles by this author , Ralph V. ClaymanRalph V. Clayman More articles by this author , Ralph V. ClaymanRalph V. Clayman More articles by this author , Ralph V. ClaymanRalph V. Clayman More articles by this author , Ralph V. ClaymanRalph V. Clayman More articles by this author , Ralph V. ClaymanRalph V. Clayman More articles by this author , Ralph V. ClaymanRalph V. Clayman More articles by this author , Ralph V. ClaymanRalph V. Clayman More articles by this author , Ralph V. ClaymanRalph V. Clayman More articles by this author , and Ralph V. ClaymanRalph V. Clayman More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(05)67120-0AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail References 1 : Alterations in predicted growth rates of pediatric kidneys treated with extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy.. J Endourol1998; 12: 469. Google Scholar 2 : Pediatric ESWL: long-term results and effects on renal growth.. J Endourol1989; 3: 245. Google Scholar 1 : Ureteral stricture formation after removal of impacted calculi.. J Urol1998; 159: 723. Link, Google Scholar 2 : Ureteral perforation during ureteronephroscopy: treatment and management.. J Urol1987; 138: 36. Abstract, Google Scholar 1 : Retrospective analysis of the effect of crossing vessels on successful retrograde endopyelotomy outcomes using spiral computerized tomography angiography.. J Urol1998; 159: 62. Link, Google Scholar 2 : Long-term results and late recurrence after endoureteropyelotomy: a critical analysis of prognostic factors.. J Urol1994; 151: 934. Abstract, Google Scholar © 2000 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 164Issue 5November 2000Page: 1859-1864 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2000 by American Urological Association, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Ralph V. Clayman More articles by this author Ralph V. Clayman More articles by this author Ralph V. Clayman More articles by this author Ralph V. Clayman More articles by this author Ralph V. Clayman More articles by this author Ralph V. Clayman More articles by this author Ralph V. Clayman More articles by this author Ralph V. Clayman More articles by this author Ralph V. Clayman More articles by this author Ralph V. Clayman More articles by this author Ralph V. Clayman More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...
Effect of Wash Water Temperature and Chlorination on Phenolic Metabolism and Browning of Stored Iceberg Lettuce Photosynthetic and Vascular Tissues (2002)

Cut tissues from distinct anatomical locations in iceberg lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) were subjected to washing in cold (4 degrees C) and warm (47 degrees C) water with or without chlorine to assess their propensity to discoloration during storage. Total protein (Bradford method) and phenolic (TPH; Folin-Ciocalteu method) contents and polyphenol oxidase (PPO; spectrophotometric method using catechol as a substrate), peroxidase (POD; guaiacol substrate), and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL; phenylalanine substrate) activities were determined in photosynthetic and vascular tissue from outer and inner leaves. Unprocessed photosynthetic and inner leaf tissues had significantly higher (P < 0.05) levels of protein and TPH and PPO and POD activities than vascular and outer leaf tissues. PAL activities (on a fresh weight basis) were similar in all tissues. Changes in browning (light reflectance measurement) and phenolic metabolism in all four tissue types were observed during aerobic storage at 5 degrees C over 10 days. PAL activity increased in all tissues after 1-2 days of storage and then gradually decreased. POD activity also increased steadily for the storage duration. Protein content and PPO activity remained constant. Edge browning (measured with a Minolta Chroma Meter) and TPH increased in all tissues, especially in outer vascular tissue. Cut photosynthetic and vascular tissues washed at 4 and 47 degrees C with and without 100 microg mL(-1) chlorine for 3 min were analyzed during 7 days in storage at 5 degrees C. Enzyme activities and accumulation of phenolics in all tissues washed at 47 degrees C were significantly (P < 0.05) lower compared to controls or tissues washed at 4 degrees C. Chlorine had no additional effect at 47 degrees C but significantly (P < 0.05) reduced browning and accumulation of phenolics in lettuce washed at 4 degrees C. These results showed that inherent differences between tissues affect phenolic metabolism and browning in stored, fresh-cut lettuce.