gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A computationally efficient shape analysis via level sets (1996)

In recent years, curve evolution has been applied to smoothing of shapes and shape analysis with considerable success, especially in biomedical image analysis. The multiscale analysis provides information regarding parts of shapes, their axes or centers and shape skeletons. Here, the authors show that the level sets of an edge-strength function provide essentially the same shape analysis as provided by curve evolution. The new method has several advantages over the method of curve evolution. Since the governing equation is linear, the implementation is simpler and faster. The same equation applies to problems of higher dimension. An important advantage is that unlike the method of curve evolution, the new method is applicable to shapes which may have junctions such as triple points. The edge-strength may be calculated from raw images without first extracting the shape outline. Thus the method can be applied to raw images. The method provides a way to approach the segmentation problem and shape analysis within a common integrated framework.
The Selenium‐Based Hexameric Macrocycle [(Se)P(μ‐N<i>t</i>Bu)<sub>2</sub>P(μ‐Se)]<sub>6</sub> (2008)

Head-to-Tail: The Wurtz reaction of the dimer [(Cl)(Se)P(μ-NtBu)]2 (1) with sodium metal gives the inorganic macrocycle [(Se)P(μ-NtBu)2P(μ-Se)]6 (2), arising from cyclization of a selenium-centered nucleophilic intermediate. The inorganic macrocyclic backbone contains alternating PIII and PV centers and possesses an 8.2-Å-diameter cavity.
Quantitative comparison of myocardial blood flow in normal and infarcted hearts by high resolution scintigraphy (1984)

The standard method for measuring myocardial blood flow (MBF) with radioactive microspheres requires processing of selected tissue samples and consequent loss of exact relation to myocardial morphology. Also, in myocardial infarction (MI) there are inaccuracies due to overlap of tissues from borders of normal and MI. A new method uses Tc-99m labeled microspheres (20..mu..) which were injected into the left atrium in 18 normal dogs and 12 dogs with MI (5 had 1 day and 7 had 4 day old MI). The excised hearts were rinsed and frozen before ''bread-loaf'' sections, 3 mm thick, were cut. Images were acquired on a gamma camera with a volume resolution of 12 mm/sup 3/. A computer program for determining MBF was checked against the conventional microsphere method. The volume resolution of the latter method was 100 mm/sup 3/. The correlation coefficient between the two methods was r=0.96. Average MBF for a given section of normal RV and LV was 95 +- 13 and 119 +- 15 ml/min/100 g of tissue, respectively. Average MBF was compared in normal LV and from ischemic epicardium (IsZ) of the central MI and endocardial infarcted zone (IZ). The authors' new method, accurately and with high resolution, delineates zonesmore » of differing MBF and confirms the increase of MBF in surviving myocardium with healing.« less
SFERES: un framework pour la conception de systèmes multi-agents adaptatifs (2001)

National audience
UTILIZATION RESEARCH TO IMPROVE AND CONTROL THE QUALITY OF COTTON TEXTILE PRODUCTS (1957)

This paper reviews current and recent research at the Southern Regional Research Laboratory on the improvement and control of the quality of cotton textile products. Summaries are also given of some closely related earlier work.
NotforSaleorCommercialDistribution Unauthoriseduseprohibited.Authoriseduserscandownload, display,viewandprintasinglecopyforpersonaluse A (2007)

trial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia, affecting approximately1%ofthegeneralpopulation.Itis a major risk factor for stroke. The incidence of stroke in patients with AF varies from 5% to 15%, depending on the presence of additional risk factors such as: • advanced age, • hypertension, • cardiovascular disease, • diabetes, • congestive heart failure and • prior stroke. 1
On the windfall of friendship (2008)

This paper studies a virus inoculation game on social networks. A framework is presented which allows the measuring of the windfall of friendship, i.e., how much players benefit if they care about the welfare of their direct neighbors in the social network graph compared to purely selfish environments. We analyze the corresponding equilibria and show that the computation of the worst and best Nash equilibrium is NP-hard. Intriguingly, even though the windfall of friendship can never be negative, the social welfare does not increase monotonically with the extent to which players care for each other. While these phenomena are known on an anecdotal level, our framework allows us to quantify these effects analytically.
Silica Self‐Assembly and Synthesis of Microporous and Mesoporous Silicates (2005)

The microstructure of silica in basic aqueous solutions containing organic cations and prepared from monomeric precursors is reviewed and interpreted within the context of classical ideas of self-assembly of molecular aggregates. The solution properties can be understood by using the pseudo-phase separation approach coupled to the acid-base chemistry of silanol groups and the Poisson-Boltzmann equation. The silica nanoparticles frequently observed in these systems have a core-shell structure with silica in the core and the organic cations at the shell. Individual particles are observed when the forces between particles are repulsive-as is the case for small cations such as tetramethylammonium or tetrapropylammonium-and extended structures such as M41S materials are formed when the forces are attractive--as is the case for surfactants such as cetyltrimethylammonium. These ideas are useful to understand the evolution of zeolite synthesis gels from nucleation to crystal growth. Although at room temperature the silica and the organic cations are segregated, upon heating the organic cations are embedded within the particles. This transformation signals the onset of structure direction whereby the size and geometry of the organic cation induce changes in the structure of silica that may lead to zeolite nuclei.
Effects of the Use of Sulfitic Fly Ash in Mortars and Concretes (1992)

First Name is required invalid characters Last Name is required invalid characters Email Address is required Invalid Email Address Invalid Email Address
<i>N</i> 6-Trimethyl-lysine metabolism. 3-Hydroxy-<i>N</i>6-trimethyl-lysine and carnitine biosynthesis (1980)

Rats injected with N6-[Me-3H]trimethyl-lysine excrete in the urine five radioactively labelled metabolites. Two of these identified metabolites are carnitine and 4-trimethylammoniobutyrate. A third metabolite, identified as 5-trimethylammoniopentanoate, is not an intermediate in the biosynthesis of carnitine; the fourth and major metabolite, N2-acetyl-N6-trimethyl-lysine, is not a precursor of carnitine. The remaining metabolite (3-hydroxy-N6-trimethyl-lysine) is converted into trimethylammoniobutyrate and carnitine by rat liver slices and into trimethylammoniobutyrate by rat kidney slices. In rat liver and kidney-slice experiments, radioactivity from DL-N6-trimethyl-[1-14C]lysine and DL-N6-trimethyl-[2-14C]lysine was incorporated into N2-acetyl-N6-trimethyl-lysine and 3-hydroxy-N6-trimethyl-lysine, but not into trimethylammoniobutyrate or carnitine. A procedure was devised to purify milligram quantities of 3-hydroxy-N6-trimethyl-lysine from the urine of rats injected chronically with N6-trimethyl-lysine (100 mg/kg body wt. per day). The structure of 3-hydroxy-N6-trimethyl-lysine was confirmed chemically and by nuclear-magnetic-resonance spectrometry [Novak, Swift & Hoppel (1980) Biochem. J. 188, 521--527]. The sequence for carnitine biosynthesis in liver is: N6-trimethyl-lysine leads to 3-hydryxy-N6-trimethyl-lysine leads to leads to 4-trimethylammoniobutyrate leads to carnitine.
Dipole and tripole metallodielectric photonic bandgap (MPBG) structures for microwave filter and antenna applications (2000)

A photonic band gap structure made from periodic arrays of conducting dipoles and tripoles on a dielectric is presented. Using the proposed structures, several example devices have been demonstrated for microstrip resonators and filters as well as patch antennas. Measured and predicted frequency responses of a microstrip line using a dual dipole metallodielectric photonic bandgap (MPBG) structure show a 40% band width centred at 10 GHz. A planar microstrip resonator using a dipole MPBG shows a slower wave performance and a higher Q factor when compared with the conventional half-wavelength resonator. Three patch antenna designs on different dielectric constant substrates using a tripole MBPG produce better return loss, higher boresight gains (up to 3 dB) and smoother radiation patterns as a result of surface wave suppression.
Detection of the site of contamination by Staphylococcus aureus within the defeathering machinery of a poultry processing plant (1988)

Journal Article Detection of the site of contamination by Staphylococcus aureus within the defeathering machinery of a poultry processing plant Get access C.E.R. Dodd, C.E.R. Dodd Department of Applied Biochemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE12 5RD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G.C. Mead, G.C. Mead *AFRC Institute of Food Research – Bristol Laboratory, Langford, Bristol, BS18 7DY, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W.M. Waites W.M. Waites Department of Applied Biochemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE12 5RD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Letters in Applied Microbiology, Volume 7, Issue 3, 1 September 1988, Pages 63–66, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765X.1988.tb01253.x Published: 01 September 1988 Article history Received: 13 June 1988 Accepted: 17 June 1988 Published: 01 September 1988
The Attitudes of Students of the Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Towards Mainstream Integration of Visually Impaired Children (2000)

In the last few years there has been research conducted in Croatia which aimes to determine attitudes of professionals (teachers) towards integration of pupils with visual impairment. There is no doubt that teachers can influence children in mainstream school and help in forming positive attitudes towards VI pupils. Those teachers who have more information about the specifics of the impairment will probably have more positive attitude on integration of the pupils with visual impairment.
Molecular cloning and characterization of the allatotropin precursor and receptor in the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria (2015)

Allatotropins (ATs) are pleiotropic neuropeptides initially isolated from the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta. In 2008, the first receptor for AT-like peptides (ATR) was characterized in Bombyx mori. Since then, ATRs have also been characterized in M. sexta, Tribolium castaneum, Aedes aegypti and Bombus terrestris. These receptors show sequence similarity to vertebrate orexin (ORX) receptors. When generating an EST-database of the desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria) central nervous system, we found cDNA sequences encoding the Schgr-AT precursor and a fragment of its putative receptor. This receptor cDNA has now been completed and functionally expressed in mammalian cell lines. Activation of this receptor, designated as Schgr-ATR, by Schgr-AT caused an increase in intracellular calcium ions, as well as cyclic AMP (cAMP), with an EC50 value in the nanomolar range. In addition, the transcript distribution of both the Schgr-AT precursor and Schgr-ATR was investigated by means of quantitative real-time PCR. Moreover, we found more evidence for the myotropic and allatostimulatory actions of Schgr-AT in the desert locust. These data are discussed and situated in a broader context by comparison with literature data on AT and ATR in insects.
Osteoblast attachment monitored with a quartz crystal microbalance (1993)

A quartz crystal microbalance is used in aqueous solutions to monitor the rate of attachment of osteoblasts, bone-forming cells, to the surface of the crystal. Changes in resonant frequency of the crystal are measured for various surface coverages by osteoblasts. Crystal surface coverages are determined by digital image processing of scanning electron micrographs. A linear relationship is established between the surface coverages and the changes in resonant frequency of the crystal. The osteoblasts are observed to behave viscoelastically. Hence, the Sauerbrey equation can not be used to describe the relationship between the change in mass of osteoblasts on the surface and the change in resonant frequency of the crystal. Apparent viscosities at 5.0 MHz are also determined for osteoblasts.
Enhancement of maximum attainable ion energy in the radiation pressure acceleration regime using a guiding structure (2013)

Radiation Pressure Acceleration relies on high intensity laser pulse interacting with solid target to obtain high maximum energy, quasimonoenergetic ion beams. Either extremely high power laser pulses or tight focusing of laser radiation is required. The latter would lead to the appearance of the maximum attainable ion energy, which is determined by the laser group velocity and is highly influenced by the transverse expansion of the target. Ion acceleration is only possible with target velocities less than the group velocity of the laser. The transverse expansion of the target makes it transparent for radiation, thus reducing the effectiveness of acceleration. Utilization of an external guiding structure for the accelerating laser pulse may provide a way of compensating for the group velocity and transverse expansion effects.
Model Reactions of Phosphorus-containing Enzyme Inactivators. IV.<sup>1a</sup> The Catalytic Activity of Certain Metal Salts and Chelates in the Hydrolysis of Diisopropyl Fluorophosphate<sup>1b</sup> (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTModel Reactions of Phosphorus-containing Enzyme Inactivators. IV.1a The Catalytic Activity of Certain Metal Salts and Chelates in the Hydrolysis of Diisopropyl Fluorophosphate1bT. Wagner-Jauregg, B. E. Hackley Jr., T. A. Lies, O. O. Owens, and R. ProperCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 4, 922–929Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01609a037https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01609a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views289Altmetric-Citations80LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Development of an Electro-Mechanical IBC Actuator (2016)

As part of the U.S. Army Aviation Development Directorate (ADD) sponsored Multi-Role Rotor - Adaptive Performance (MRRAP) program, Boeing explored a novel reconfigurable rotor concept that utilized two actuators to change blade twist and effect multi-cyclic blade pitch, respectively. Development activities included design studies for a 49-foot diameter rotor, fabrication and testing of full-scale components, and two wind tunnel tests. Testing on full scale key components, namely the torque tube used for blade twist and the actuator used for blade pitch, showed that the overall concept was feasible. Wind tunnel testing of Mach-scale rotors characterized the hover and cruise performance benefits of changing blade twist. The present paper addresses the development of an electro-mechanical actuator for multi-cyclic blade pitch control, including actuation requirements and trade studies of actuator/hub integration, and focusses on actuator design, fabrication, and testing. Results of the trade studies led to selection of electro-mechanical actuators using a rotary actuator integrated into the hub arm for quasi-static blade twist control (STC) and a linear actuator in place of the pitch link for individual blade control (IBC). This provided a compact and mechanically simple solution with no active components in the rotor blade. Design of the STC and IBC actuators was completed. The IBC actuator rate and duty cycle requirements were outside the normal design space and posed substantial thermal management and mechanical wear challenges. A Breadboard and improved Prototype IBC actuator were fabricated and tested. The development of the IBC actuator has shown that a high bandwidth actuator can be built with the capability to meet the stringent requirements. IBC actuator controller capability at high rates was proven during testing which was one of the key goals of this program. The roller screw design was capable of operating at the high frequency without load applied. The Prototype actuator was built as a development unit and has not been optimized. Further study on methods or design improvements to reduce the size and weight of the actuator and improve thermal management, as well as testing under load are recommended.
Fragmented and replicated objects in the GOTHIC distributed system (1988)

In a distributed computing system, it is necessary to manage so-called distributed data made out of several fragments located on different nodes. At the user level, this data is perceived as indivisible, i.e., fragments cannot be exchanged independently. However, at the system level, it is necessary to provide concepts which make it possible to describe fragmentation, while forbidding user accesses to fragments.This note introduces the notion of fragmented object and the concept of multi-function which allows the atomic and concurrent processing of these objects. It is also shown how these concepts are introduced in an object-oriented language which is an extention of Modula-2.
Formation of Afibrillar Acellular Cementum-like Layers Induced by Alkaline Phosphatase Activity from Periodontal Ligament Explants Maintained in vitro (1994)

Fibroblasts of the periodontal ligament, by their alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, are considered to play a role in the formation of acellular cementum. As a means of exploring this hypothesis, periodontal ligament explants from rat incisors were cultured in direct contact with bovine dentin slices in the presence of 10 mmol/L beta-glycerophosphate. Periosteal and pericardial tissue explants were maintained under similar conditions. After two weeks, the slices were harvested and processed for electron microscopic examination. Controls included periodontal ligament explants to which the ALP-inhibitor levamisole was added. The results suggest that only ALP-positive cultures from periodontal ligament and periosteum form mineralized layers along the dentin. After demineralization, layers consisted of fine filamentous or granular material of moderate electron-density and resembled afibrillar acellular cementum. Our findings support the hypothesis that periodontal ligament fibroblasts, by means of their ALP activity, play a pivotal role in the formation of acellular cementum.
Referenceless MR Thermometry for Monitoring Thermal Ablation in the Prostate (2007)

Referenceless proton resonance frequency (PRF) shift thermometry provides a means to measure temperature changes during minimally invasive thermotherapy that is inherently robust to motion and tissue displacement. However, if the referenceless method is used to determine temperature changes during prostate ablation, phase gaps between water and fat in image regions used to determine the background phase can confound the phase estimation. We demonstrate an extension to referenceless thermometry which eliminates this problem by allowing background phase estimation in the presence of phase discontinuities between aqueous and fatty tissue. In this method, images are acquired with a multiecho sequence and binary water and fat maps are generated from a Dixon reconstruction. For the background phase estimation, water and fat regions are treated separately and the phase offset between the two tissue types is determined. The method is demonstrated feasibile in phantoms and during in vivo thermal ablation of canine prostate.
Neutral endopeptidase (EC 3.4.24.11) terminates colitis by degrading substance P (1999)

Neurogenic inflammation is regulated by sensory nerves and characterized by extravasation of plasma proteins and infiltration of neutrophils from post-capillary venules and arteriolar vasodilatation. Although it is well established that substance P (SP) interacts with the neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R) to initiate neurogenic inflammation, the mechanisms that terminate inflammation are unknown. We examined whether neutral endopeptidase (NEP), a cell-surface enzyme that degrades SP in the extracellular fluid, terminates neurogenic inflammation in the colon. In NEP knockout mice, the SP concentration in the colon was approximately 2.5-fold higher than in wild-type mice, suggesting increased bioavailability of SP. The extravasation of Evans blue-labeled plasma proteins in the colon of knockout mice under basal conditions was approximately 4-fold higher than in wild-type mice. This elevated plasma leak was attenuated by recombinant NEP or the NK1R antagonist SR140333, and is thus caused by diminished degradation of SP. To determine whether deletion of NEP predisposes mice to uncontrolled inflammation, we compared dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis in wild-type and knockout mice. The severity of colitis, determined by macroscopic and histologic scoring and by myeloperoxidase activity, was markedly worse in knockout than wild-type mice after 3 and 7 days. The exacerbated inflammation in knockout mice was prevented by recombinant NEP and SR140333. Thus, NEP maintains low levels of SP in the extracellular fluid under basal conditions and terminates its proinflammatory effects. Because we have previously shown that intestinal inflammation results in down-regulation of NEP and diminished degradation of SP, our present results suggest that defects in NEP expression contribute to uncontrolled inflammation.
Extraction of polymers from enzyme-treated softwood (2011)

In a biorefinery context it is an advantage to fractionate and extract different wood components in a relatively pure form. However, one major obstacle for efficient extraction of wood polymers (lignin, polysaccharides etc.) is the covalent lignin-polysaccharide networks present in lignified cell walls. Enzymatic catalysis might be a useful tool for a controlled degradation of these networks, thereby enhancing the extraction of high molecular weight polymers. In this work, a methanol-alkali mixture was used to extract two different wood samples treated with endoxylanase and gammanase, respectively. Wood chips were pretreated with alkali prior to enzymatic treatment to enhance the cell-wall accessibility to enzymes. Extractions were also carried out on non-enzyme-treated samples to evaluate the enzymatic effects. Results showed that the enzymatic treatment increased the extraction yield, with gammanase as the more efficient of the two enzymes. Furthermore, polymers extracted from xylanase-treated wood had a higher degree of polymerization than the reference.