gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Metaphase Cytogenetic Abnormality (CA) Subtypes in Multiple Myeloma (MM) Treated with Front Line Total Therapy (TT) Protocols TT1, TT2, TT3, TT4 and TT5 (2012)

Abstract Abstract 193 We have previously reported on the adverse prognostic implications of CA, independently contributing to clinical outcome prediction even in the era of gene expression profiling (GEP). The presence of hypodiploidy/deletion13 (CA13/hypo) was associated with a particular poor prognosis, whereas the absence of CA (no CA) imparted superior outcome; the remainder (other CA) had an intermediate prognosis. Here we provide an update of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) with TT1, TT2 control arm (TT2-), TT2 thalidomide arm (TT2+), TT3a, TT3b, TT4-light (TT4-L, fractionated melphalan + VTD), and TT4-standard (TT4-S). The backbone of protocols was tandem transplantation with melphalan 200mg/m2 (MEL-200). TT2 employed thalidomide during all phases of the protocol in a randomized fashion. TT3a introduced bortezomib and 3-yr maintenance with VTD for year 1 and TD for years 2 and 3; TT3b applied VRD with lenalidomide in all 3 years of maintenance; TT4-S used standard MEL-200 as conditioning, whilst in TT4 MEL-50 for 4 consecutive days was given. In addition, TT4L applied 1 instead of 2 cycles of induction and consolidation therapy. Both OS and PFS were consistently superior with “no CA” followed by “other CA” and “CA13/hypo” in all trials including TT4-S (Figure 1). However, there was a striking reversal of the benefit order with TT4-L: “no CA” fared worst, and both “CA13/hypo” and “other CA” had equally superior OS and PFS. The analyses were repeated for TT3 and TT4, limiting TT3 to the ∼85% of patients with GEP-defined low-risk MM, since TT4 was designed specifically for GEP70 low risk MM (Figure 2). In the “no CA” group, 2-yr OS and PFS were >90% in TT3a/b and TT4-S, compared to 75% in TT4-L (p=0.007 and 0.01 for TT3 and TT4-s, respectively). TT4-L patients had ∼90% 2-yr OS and PFS in case of “CA13/hypo” and “other CA”, contrasting with ∼60–80% 2-yr OS and PFS for the other protocols. It could be speculated that patients with “no CA” have more slowly cycling micro-environment dependent disease in which the well-recognized MEL dose response relationship is crucial. Conversely, the more genomically unstable “CA13/hypo”-type MM may benefit from the synergistic effect of repeated application of MEL and bortezomib, which could be related to the ability of bortezomib to disrupt protein metabolism required for repair of MEL-induced DNA damage. The basis for these finding is under investigation, but do support the need for further studies investigating novel conditioning regimens and their exact beneficiaries, which could further personalize myeloma care and may be related to bortezomib's presence in the fractionated melphalan transplant regimen in TT4-L. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Temporal decorrelation of vegetation by environmental and seasonal effects (2002)

The temporal decorrelation of forests in response to environmental and seasonal effects is computed using the Michigan fractal-based coherent scattering model. Frequencies ranging from P- through X-band are considered. Substantial decorrelation (/spl alpha/<0.5) is observed for wind-blown trees at C-band and higher. Soil moisture does not, have a significant influence on decorrelation to (/spl alpha/>0.9). Finally, decorrelation is noted to increase with tree height and to decrease with defoliation.
Resist line edge roughness and aerial image contrast (2001)

We report the results of an experimental study of the correlations between line edge roughness (LER) and aerial image contrast for different lithographies in identical processing conditions. The characterization has been performed using atomic force microscopy carbon nanotube tips to image the top and bottom of trenches with very high resolution. Experimental results generally support that higher aerial image contrast leads to lower line edge roughness, but differences exist among the lithographies and resists. Top surface roughness results show similar trends with LER. Higher aerial image modulation also yields higher resist sidewall angle.
Magnetometer bias calibration based on relative angular position: Theory and experimental comparative evaluation (2014)

This paper reports on a novel method for estimating the sensor bias of three-axis magnetometers (or any other field sensor). Our approach employs relative angular position measurements to estimate the three-axis magnetometer measurement bias, significantly improving magnetometer-based attitude estimation. Relative angular position measurements can be calculated from a variety of sources, including multiview image registration or laser-based scan matching. We report two methods implementing this approach based on batch linear least squares and a real-time discrete Kalman filter. Compared with previously reported methods our approach is time independent and less restrictive with data sampling. In addition, our two methods (i) are empirically shown to impose less restrictive conditions for the movements of the instrument required for calibration, (ii) do not require knowledge of the direction of the field (e.g., the local magnetic field) or the attitude of the instrument, and (iii) also ensure convergence for the estimated parameters. The proposed methods are evaluated and compared with previously reported methods in both numerical simulation and in comparative experimental evaluation using cameras and magnetometer sensors under different conditions.
Female sex workers incarcerated in New York City jails: prevalence of sexually transmitted infections and associated risk behaviors (2013)

Women incarcerated in NYC jails had high rates of Ct, Ng, and HIV infection. FSW were at higher risk for Ct than non-FSW incarcerated women. These findings are being used to design targeted interventions to identify FSW, provide clinical and preventive services in jail and coordinate care with community partners.
Transformation of salivary gland secretion protein gene Sgs-4 in Drosophila: stage- and tissue-specific regulation, dosage compensation, and position effect. (1985)

The Sgs-4 gene of Drosophila melanogaster encodes one of the larval secretion proteins and is active only in salivary glands at the end of larval development. This gene lies in the X chromosome and is controlled by dosage compensation--i.e., the gene is hyperexpressed in males. Therefore, males with one X chromosome produce nearly as much Sgs-4 products as females with two X chromosomes. We used a 4.9-kilobase-pair (kb) DNA fragment containing the Sgs-4d coding region embedded in 2.6 kb of upstream sequences and 1.3 kb of downstream sequences for P-element-mediated transformation of the Sgs-4h underproducer strain Kochi-R. Sgs-4d gene expression was found in all 15 transformed lines analyzed, varying with the site of chromosomal integration. The transposed gene was subject to tissue- and stage-specific regulation. At X-chromosomal sites, the levels of gene expression were similar in both sexes, signifying dosage compensation. At autosomal sites, it was on average 1.5 times higher in males than in females. The results indicate that the transforming DNA fragment contains all sequences necessary for tissue- and stage-specific regulation and for hyperexpression in males.
Comparison of modified Bielschowsky silver impregnation and anti‐ubiquitin immunostaining of cortical and nigral Lewy bodies (1992)

We have compared the sensitivity of a modified Bielschowsky silver impregnation with that of anti-ubiquitin immunostaining for the detection of Lewy bodies in five cases of diffuse Lewy body disease. In two of the cases there were neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles within the neocortex in sufficient numbers to warrant an additional diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. The modified Bielschowsky technique was as effective as anti-ubiquitin immunohistochemistry at demonstrating cortical Lewy bodies in 7 micron-thick paraffin sections. As might therefore be expected, silver impregnation of 20 micron-thick sections revealed significantly more cortical Lewy bodies than did the immunostaining of 7 micron-thick sections (P = 0.004). The silver impregnation had the further advantage of allowing much better visualization of the Alzheimer-type changes. In contrast to the cortical-type Lewy bodies, the dense-core type present in sections of midbrain were relatively poorly impregnated by the modified Bielschowsky method, possibly reflecting differences in the composition of the two types of inclusion.
[Accuracy and reliability of international normalized ratio (INR) in monitoring of warfarin--comparison in the sensitivity to extrinsic coagulation factors between PT (INR) and TT (INR)]. (2010)

Prothrombin time (PT) is widely used as the monitor of oral anticoagulant therapy using ISI/NR system which WHO recommended. However, a main clinical usefulness of an Owren-type combined reagent (TT) also remains in the monitoring of warfarin in Europe and Japan. Recently, a TT reagent utilizing a recombinant bovine tissue factor (TF) expressed by silkworm-baculovirus system has been developed. The purpose of this study is to investigate the sensitivity to coagulation factors (FII, FV, FVII, FX) of PT (rabbit brain and recombinant human) and TT (bovine brain and recombinant bovine) in INR, and the correlation among those reagents using 53 plasma samples from patients treated with warfarin. The INR results were calculated using a certified INR calibrator, "AK-CALIBRANT", according to the method of "Direct" INR determination. The sensitivity to FII, FVII and FX of those reagents results similar behavior in INR, but the sensitivity to FV of PT reagents were generally higher than that of TT reagents. The correlation coefficient between recombinant PT and recombinant TT was 0.979. There were a good agreement between two TT reagents (bovine brain and recombinant bovine) in INR (r = 0.998). It was apparent that a variance between PT and TT was dependent on the sensitivity to FV level during the course of warfarin treatment in a clinical case. In conclusion, PT and TT reagents gave generally acceptable correlation in INR, and our results indicate that the Owren-type TT reagent is also well suited for monitoring warfarin using local INR calibration according to WHO recommendation.
<i>Extracellular signal‐regulated kinase</i> modulates sleep and sleep homeostasis in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> (2011)

Although humans spend a third of life asleep, the function this sleep serves is still unknown. Using the model system Drosophila melanogaster, we have begun to identify genes that alter either sleep or sleep homeostasis, the increase in sleep observed after sleep loss. One of the genes we have identified, extra‐cellular signal regulated kinase ( ERK ), is of particular interest given its role in synaptic plasticity. Thus, we expressed an activated form of ERK ( UAS‐ERK act ) in adult flies using the pan neuronal Geneswitch driver Gsw‐elav . We have found that RU486 (RU) fed GSw‐elav/+>UAS‐ERK act /+ display a significant increase in sleep compared to vehicle (ETOH) fed controls. Importantly, the pan neuronal expression of ERK act in the adult fly also results in a significantly larger sleep rebound than controls. Consistent with these results, we have observed a reduction in sleep time and an attenuated sleep rebound in two loss of function lines for the Drosophila homologue of ERK , rolled ( rl 1 ) and GSw‐elav/+>rl RNAi . Surprisingly, no sleep rebound is observed when ERK act is expressed in the adult Mushroom Body (MB) indicating that ERK act plays a circuit dependent role in sleep regulation. Given the relationship between sleep and synaptic plasticity, it will be interesting to further elucidate the common signaling cascades linking ERK, sleep and plasticity. Research funded by 5 R01 NS051305 ‐03.
Fully differential current-input CMOS amplifier front-end suppressing mixed signal substrate noise for optoelectronic applications (2003)

In recent optoelectronic communication systems, microprocessors tend to be imbedded on-chip with analog interface circuitry. This results in a critical substrate noise issues for mixed-signal chip designers because switching transients in digital MOS circuits can interfere with analog circuits integrated on the same die by means of coupling through the substrate. In order to optimize the dynamic range of the system and to minimize the sensitivity to substrate noise, many noise-reduction techniques, such as a P+ guard ring, a N-well guard ring, trench oxide isolation, and MOSCAP have been developed and employed to suppress substrate noise generated by clocking of the digital circuitry in microprocessor. In this paper, a fully differential method is described, which is used to reduce the substrate noise effect caused by the microprocessor. This approach has been implemented in a communications data processing application, in which the microprocessor is located next to the analog current-input optical data receiver and quantization circuits which have a sensitivity of -28 dBm and variable gain characteristic for power efficiency. Both simulated and experimental results of this design approach are presented herein.
Spectra of the Cool Carbon Stars in the 9000 - 11000 A Wavelength Region (1988)

This paper is reproduced from Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac., Vol. 66, p. 312 - 322 (1954) to celebrate the centenary of the Publications. See also 114.150.
OPEC and its behavior cannot explain oil's price performance (2015)

A widespread popular opinion, shared by many market specialists, holds that OPEC's market interventions since the early 1970s have made all the difference in price performance between oil and other commodity groups. While there is no denial that OPEC policies (predominantly production quotas) have had some impact on oil prices in the shorter run, deep skepticism is in place about the sufficiency of the group's supply interventions for explaining the huge difference in the development of the two price series contained in Figure 2.1.
Stereoselective synthesis of chiral coordination polymers with partial control of the rigid main chain topology (1999)

The condensation polymerization between the appropriate enantiomers of [Ru(1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione)2- (bpy)]2+ 1 and [Ru(1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-diamine)2- (bpy)]2+ 2 in meta-cresol gave the homochiral coordination polymers Δ-3 and Λ-3 as well as the meso polymer, ΔΛ-3, which exhibit rigid, ribbon-like structures with different main chain topologies.
High‐Speed Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of the Trifluoromethylpyrazol‐Derived Canonical Transient Receptor Potential (TRPC) Channel Inhibitor Pyr3 (2009)

Process intensification using controlled microwave heating allows an efficient three-step synthesis of pyrazole-based inhibitors of TRPC3 and related NFAT transcription factor regulators. Compared to the conventional protocol, a dramatic reduction in overall processing time from ∼2 days to 40 min was achieved, accompanied by significantly improved product yields. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Rating the Raters (2006)

Results from our small sample illustrate that the clinical interview skills of raters who administered the HAM-D were below what many would consider acceptable. Evaluation and training of clinical interview skills should be considered as part of a rater training program.
Orthorhombic Velocity Model Building for Microseismic Processing with Constraints of Rock Physics and Geological Setting (2014)

Summary Seismic anisotropy of shales play a crucial role in microseismic processing, which can influence the location of microseismic event, the inversion and interpretation of source mechanism and further affect the estimates of fracture geometry and simulated volume. The primary source of shale anisotropy are the bedding-parallel alignments of clay mineral as well as kerogen particles in organic-rich shales, which is usually known as intrinsic or fabric anisotropy and represented by TI model. Another important source of shale anisotropy are preferred-oriented fractures in macroscopic scale, which are generally induced by local stress field and result in azimuthal anisotropy. These two types of shale anisotropy can be represented by orthorhombic velocity model systematically. As revealed in rock physics experiments, intrinsic or fabric anisotropy of shale are closely related to mineral compositions. Clay mineral and organic material with platy particles and softer elastic properties significantly increase the intrinsic anisotropy of shale, whereas quartz content with non-platy and stiffer grains largely weaken the degree of shale anisotropy. According to fracture mechanics, preferred orientations of fracture are parallel to the maximum horizontal stress. So the symmetry planes of orthorhombic model can be determined approximately by regional stress distribution. With the constraints of rock physics studies and geological setting, reasonable initial model is built and further optimization is implemented by simultaneous inversion of microseismic data. This approach is applied to a dataset from Horn River shale gas reservoir, Northeastern British Columbia, Canada. The optimized orthorhombic velocity model is consistent with rock physics studies and remarkably reduces the time misfit compared to originally provided anisotropic velocity model. As a quality control, the locations of perforation shots are well restore with the optimized orthorhombic velocity model.
Peroxide‐induced conformational transitions of peanut storage protein (arachin) (1982)

Several effects of peroxides on protein have been described in the literature. Some of the effects have been ascribed to alterations in protein conformation but this has never been examined directly. This paper described responses of peanut storage globulin (arachin) to rancid oil and hydrogen peroxide as measured by electrophoretic mobility, antigenicity and circular dichroism of the globulin. Rancid oil and 3% hydrogen peroxide had little effect on these properties but 30% hydrogen peroxide increased the mobility, abolished the antigenicity and reduced the ordered structural modes of the protein. The results indicated that changes in protein conformation do not occur after contact with organoleptically rancid oil or dilute peroxides but do occur with concentrated peroxides.
Stochastic distributed optimization of reactive power operations using conditional ensembles of V2G capacity (2015)

Energy storage and reactive power supplied by electric vehicles (EV) through vehicle-to-grid (V2G) operation can be coordinated to provide voltage support, thus reducing the need of grid reinforcement and active power curtailment. Optimization and control approaches for V2G-enabled reactive power control should be robust to variations and offer a certain level of optimality by combining real-time control with several-hours-ahead network management schemes. This paper introduces an optimization and control framework that can be used to manage energy storage availability in near future while using the remaining capacity of V2G to generate reactive power and cooperatively perform voltage control. Stochastic distributed optimization of reactive power is realized by integrating a Markov chain-based distributed sub-gradient method with conditional ensemble predictions of V2G capacity. Hence, the obtained solutions can reflect on the system requirements for the upcoming hours along with the instantaneous cooperation between distributed EVs.
Embroidery and Related Manufacturing Techniques for Wearable Antennas: Challenges and Opportunities (2014)

This paper will review the evolution of wearable textile antennas over the last couple of decades. Particular emphasis will be given to the process of embroidery. This technique is advantageous for the following reasons: (i) bespoke or mass produced designs can be manufactured using digitized embroidery machines; (ii) glue is not required and (iii) the designs are aesthetic and are integrated into clothing rather than being attached to it. The embroidery technique will be compared to alternative manufacturing processes. The challenges facing the industrial and public acceptance of this technology will be assessed. Hence, the key opportunities will be highlighted.
Non-competitive Inhibition of Kainate-Induced Currents by Diethylstilbestrol in Acutely Isolated Mouse CA1 Hippocampal Neurons (2000)

The effect of a synthetic estrogen, diethylstilbestrol (DES), on kainate-induced currents was investigated in the hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons acutely dissociated from the mice using the nystatin-perforated patch-clamp recording configuration under voltage-clamp conditions. DES inhibited the current evoked by 100 microM kainate in a concentration-dependent manner with a half-maximum inhibitory concentration of 8.8 microM. The action of DES was voltage-independent. Since DES produced a suppression of the maximum response of the kainate concentration-response curve, the inhibition by DES of the kainate-induced current appears to be non-competitive.
Dehydration of Xylose to Furfural over MCM‐41‐Supported Niobium‐Oxide Catalysts (2013)

A series of silica-based MCM-41-supported niobium-oxide catalysts are prepared, characterized by using XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and pyridine adsorption coupled to FTIR spectroscopy, and tested for the dehydration of D-xylose to furfural. Under the operating conditions used all materials are active in the dehydration of xylose to furfural (excluding the MCM-41 silica support). The xylose conversion increases with increasing Nb2 O5 content. At a loading of 16 wt % Nb2 O5 , 74.5 % conversion and a furfural yield of 36.5 % is achieved at 170 °C, after 180 min reaction time. Moreover, xylose conversion and furfural yield increase with the reaction time and temperature, attaining 82.8 and 46.2 %, respectively, at 190 °C and after 100 min reaction time. Notably, the presence of NaCl in the reaction medium further increases the furfural yield (59.9 % at 170 °C after 180 min reaction time). Moreover, catalyst reutilization is demonstrated by performing at least three runs with no loss of catalytic activity and without the requirement for an intermediate regeneration step. No significant niobium leaching is observed, and a relationship between the structure of the catalyst and the activity is proposed.
Evaluation of Study Patients with Lyme Disease, 10–20‐Year Follow‐up (2001)

To determine the long-term impact of Lyme disease, we evaluated 84 randomly selected, original study patients from the Lyme, Connecticut, region who had erythema migrans, facial palsy, or Lyme arthritis 10-20 years ago and 30 uninfected control subjects. The patients in the 3 study groups and the control group did not differ significantly in current symptoms or neuropsychological test results. However, patients with facial palsy, who frequently had more widespread nervous system involvement, more often had residual facial or peripheral nerve deficits. Moreover, patients with facial palsy who did not receive antibiotics for acute neuroborreliosis more often now had joint pain and sleep difficulty and lower scores on the body pain index and standardized physical component sections of the Short-Form 36 Health Assessment Questionnaire than did antibiotic-treated patients with facial palsy. Thus, the overall current health status of each patient group was good, but sequelae were apparent primarily among patients with facial palsy who did not receive antibiotics for acute neuroborreliosis.