gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of Recombinant Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Protein-4 on Bone Formation Parameters in Mice1 (1999)

Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding protein-4 (IGFBP-4), one of the most abundant IGFBPs produced by bone cells, is a potent inhibitor of IGF actions in vitro. To evaluate the modulation of IGF actions on bone formation in vivo by IGFBP-4, we produced intact and fragment (50- to 100-fold reduced IGF affinity) forms of BP-4 and examined their local and systemic effects using biochemical markers. Local administration of IGF-I over the right parietal bone significantly increased bone extract alkaline phosphatase activity; this was completely blocked by an equimolar dose of intact IGFBP-4, but not IGFBP-4 fragment. A single sc administration of IGF-I (2 microg/g BW) significantly increased bone formation markers in both serum and skeletal extracts; surprisingly, so did intact IGFBP-4, but not fragment IGFBP-4. Subcutaneous administration of an equimolar dose of IGFBP-4 along with IGF-I did not significantly block the IGF-I effect. Administration of intact IGFBP-4 significantly increased the serum 50-kDa IGF pool and decreased the 150-kDa IGF pool without significantly changing total IGF-I. We postulate that the increase in the 50-kDa IGF pool might enhance IGFs bioavailability via a mechanism involving IGFBP-4-specific protease. This study demonstrates for the first time that a single local administration of IGFBP-4 inhibits IGF-I-induced increases in bone formation, whereas systemic administration of IGFBP-4 alone increases serum levels of bone formation markers.
Axonin-1/TAG-1 Mediates Cell-Cell Adhesion by a Cis-assisted Trans-interaction (2002)

The neural cell adhesion molecule axonin-1/TAG-1 mediates cell-cell interactions via homophilic and heterophilic contacts. It consists of six Ig and four fibronectin type III domains anchored to the membrane by glycosylphosphatidylinositol. The recently solved crystal structure indicates a module composed of the four N-terminal Ig domains as the contact site between trans-interacting axonin-1 molecules from apposed membranes. Here, we have tested domain-specific monoclonal antibodies for their capacity to interfere with homophilic binding in a cell aggregation assay. The results confirmed the existence of a binding region within the N-terminal Ig domains and identified a second region contributing to homophilic binding on the third and fourth fibronectin domains near the C terminus. The perturbation of each region alone resulted in a complete loss of cell aggregation, suggesting that axonin-1-mediated cell-cell contact results from a cooperative action of two homophilic binding regions. The data support that axonin-1-mediated cell-cell contact is formed by cis-assisted trans-binding. The N-terminal binding regions of axonin-1 establish a linear zipper-like string of trans-interacting axonin-1 molecules alternately provided by the two apposed membranes. The C-terminal binding regions strengthen the cell-cell contact by enhancing the expansion of the linear string into a two-dimensional array via cis-interactions. Cis-assisted trans-binding may be a basic binding mechanism common to many cell adhesion molecules.
EARTH'S MOON (2004)

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Half‐Life Extension by Fusion to Recombinant Albumin (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Recombinant Albumin Fusion Proteins Albumin Fusion to Complex Proteins Recombinant Albumin Fusion Technology Technological Advantages and Challenges Pharmacokinetics of Recombinant Albumin Fusion Proteins Preclinical Efficacy Clinical Efficacy Future Perspectives Conclusion Acknowledgments References
Low Glycemic Index Diets on Long‐term Blood Pressure Control: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis (2013)

OBJECTIVES We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis to assess effectiveness of low GI diets on blood pressure (BP) in the long‐term. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Register of Clinical Trials for clinical trials, 3 months or longer. Cochrane guidelines and the PRISMA methodologies were used. Results were pooled in Review Manager under generic inverse variance methods with random effects models and expressed as Mean Difference (MD) with 95% CI. RESULTS 1290 reports were identified with 9 trials meeting eligibility criteria (7 parallel, 2 crossovers). 7 trials reported Systolic BP (SBP) (n=666, average duration= 27.7 weeks) while 6 had Diastolic BP (DBP) data (n=563, average duration= 23.2 weeks). The pooled effect of low GI diets was −0.17mmHg (95%CI: −1.07,0.74) for SBP and −2.26mmHg (95%CI: −4.17, − 0.35) for DBP, with significant heterogeneity for both (I2>;86%, P<0.00001). CONCLUSION Low GI diets can lower DBP in T2D in the long‐term. Study Supported by Barilla
Effect of Excitation Magnetic Field on Characteristics of Magnetostrictive Torque Sensors (1990)

Characteristics of a magnetostrictive torque sensor were studied in the excitation current range 10~1000 mA and at excitation frequencies from 1 kHz to 100 kHz. Ni-Cr-Mo steel (JIS standard SNCM439) ferromagnetic material was used in an experimental shaft because of its high mechanical strength under applied torques ranging - 1500~1500 Nm. As the excitation current was increased, the sensor sensitivity was markedly enhanced and the hysteresis and offset deviation along the shaft circumference were reduced. Good sensor output has been obtained at large excitation currents exceeding 200 mA. In addition, a new memory phenomenon, which seems to consist of changes in magnetic domains induced by torque-generated stresses, has been discovered in the small excitation current range.
An effective PV power generation control system using quasi-Z source inverter with battery (2011)

The paper proposes a novel PV power generation system, through employing the quasi-Z source inverter with battery, to balance the stochastic fluctuations of PV power, and smooth the power injected to the grid/ load. The analytical model is built to analyze the power and current relationships among the PV panel, battery, and the inverter output. The capacitor voltage outer loop with a battery current inner loop ensures a constant dc link peak voltage for a wide range of PV voltage, an incremental load based maximum power tracking achieves the PV panels operating at the maximum power point, even for a wide variation of solar irradiation and temperature. The simulated and experimental results verify the proposed novel PV interface inverter and its control principle.
[Variation in delayed hypersensitivity to methylated bovine serum albumin as as function of the dose and time of administration of cyclophosphamide]. (1978)

The injection of Cy before immunization provokes an intensification of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to methylated bovine serum albumin (M-BSA) and a diminution of about 90% of the cell number in various lymphoid tissues. The relationship between these observations, the time of administration, the dose of injected Cy and the intensity of DTH reactions, allows us to formulate hypotheses concerning the physiological modulation of DTH.
Tautomerism in the Fused N‐Rich Triazolotriazole Heterocyclic System (2013)

Abstract Tautomerism in the [1,2,4]triazolo[3,2‐ c ][1,2,4]triazole fused aromatic system has been investigated by single‐crystal X‐ray analysis, UV/Vis spectroscopy and theoretical calculations on selected new heterobicycle derivatives. The reactions of 3,4‐diamino‐1,2,4‐triazoles with acyl chlorides or acetic anhydride in pyridine at reflux led to ring closure and the fused aromatic system was obtained as the secondary amide at N2 instead of at N5 as previously reported in the literature. For the [1,2,4]triazolo[3,2‐ c ][1,2,4]triazole system, three different tautomers can be present. Crystal structure analysis showed the presence of only one tautomer or, depending on the packing, a mixture of two; theoretical calculations supported this finding, predicting that for all the investigated compounds one tautomer is energetically disfavoured with respect to the other two. The electronic absorption spectra of some compounds show a marked solvent dependence, which has been interpreted, with the help of theoretical calculations, in terms of acid/base equilibria, which are critically dependent upon the substituents at the heterobicycle.
Ultrastructure of Asymmetric and Composite Membranes (1981)

The development of the Loeb-Sourirajan asymmetric cellulose acetate membrane (1) has been followed by numerous attempts to obtain a similar membrane configuration from virtually any available polymer. The presumably simplistic structure of this cellulose acetate membrane - a dense, ultrathin skin resting on a porous structure - has been investigated by transmission and scanning electron microscopy since the 1960s (2,3). The discovery of macrovoids (4), a nodular intermediate layer, and a bottom skin have contributed to the question of the mechanism by which a polymer solution is coagulated to yield an asymmetric membrane. A few empirical and theoretical studies to postulate a general set of rules for the fabrication of asymmetric membranes by phase inversion mechanism (in which the polymer solution is coagulated within a nonsolvent bath) have been attempted. Thus, for example, from the literature which described the formation of asymmetric membranes, Klein and Smith (5) compiled working rules
Efficient intra prediction algorithm in H.264 (2003)

Efficient intra prediction algorithm in H.264 by Bojun Meng thesis 2003 xiii, 77 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm The ISO MPEG-1 and MPEG-2 standards have made a major impact in home entertainment in recent years. The MPEG-4 standard encompasses…Read more ›
Structures and Radical Scavenging Activities of Novel Norstilbene Dimer, Longusone A, and New Stilbene Dimers, Longusols A, B, and C, from Egyptian Herbal Medicine Cyperus longus (2002)

Table 1.DPPH Radical Scavenging Activities of MeOH Extract and EtOAc-and H 2 O-Soluble Portions from C
Challenges and opportunities in large-scale deployment of automated energy consumption scheduling systems in smart grids (2012)

Recent studies have shown that the lack of knowledge among users on how to respond to time-varying prices and the lack of effective home automation systems are two major barriers for fully utilizing the advantages of real-time pricing. Therefore, there has been a growing interest over the past few years towards developing automated energy consumption scheduling (ECS) devices to constantly monitor the hourly prices and schedule the operation of users' controllable load to minimize their energy expenditure. While the prior results in using ECS devices are promising, all prior work are limited to small-scale deployment of ECS devices. For example, in most cases, the users that are equipped with the ECS devices are assumed to be part of a microgrid or a feeder connected to a sub-station. In this paper, we rather investigate large-scale deployment of ECS devices in a power grid with several buses and generators. The price of electricity at each bus is set according to the locational marginal price (LMP) at that bus. We show that a key challenge in large-scale deployment of ECS devices is load synchronization. However, we propose to use a moving average smoothing mechanism for LMPs that can fix the load synchronization problem and stabilize the system. Furthermore, we show that the proposed large-scale ECS system has a close to optimal performance in terms of reducing peak-to-average-ratio in load demand, minimizing the total power generation cost, and lowering users' electricity bills.
Highly reliable 50nm-thick PZT capacitor and low voltage FRAM device using Ir/SrRuO/sub 3//MOCVD PZT capacitor technology (2005)

For the first time, we successfully developed highly reliable 50nm-thick polycrystalline PZT capacitor using noble Ir/SrRuO/sub 3/ top electrode and MOCVD PZT technology. In the 50nm-thick PZT capacitor, 33/spl mu/C/cm/sup 2/ of remanent polarization and 0.7V of saturation voltage have been demonstrated. Moreover, after 100hrs of bake-time at 150/spl deg/C, opposite-state polarization margin was over 23/spl mu/C/cm/sup 2/, which is world-wide best result so far achieved. Using this capacitor technology, highly reliable low voltage operating embedded FRAM device was successfully developed.
SPHERICAL HIGH-TEMPERATURE FUEL ELEMENT (1963)

Considerable resources are being devoted in the USA and Great Britain to the development of high temperature fuel elements which contain the fuel in the form of coated particles. It is difficult in the case of spherical fuel elements to introduce the particles undamaged into a graphite matrix and to attain at the same time the required consistency. A process was developed in which the particles are introduced as a thin layer on the inner wall of a hollow sphere of electrographite. The internal surface of the sphere is provided, for example, with a very thin layer of a highly adherent graphite on which the particles are uniformly distributed by sprinkling. The essential advantage of the hollow sphere concept as compared with pressed elements lies in a lowering of the fuel temperature. (auth)
Abatement of SF6 and CF4 using an enhanced kerosene microwave plasma burner (2006)

A kerosene microwave plasma burner was presented as a tool for abatement of SF6 and CF4 gases, which cause global warming. The plasma burner operates by injecting kerosene as a liquid hydrocarbon fuel into a microwave plasma torch and by mixing the resultant gaseous hydrogen and carbon compounds with air or oxygen (O2) gas. The abatement of SF6 and CF4, by making use of the kerosene plasma burner, was conducted in terms of nitrogen (N2) flow rates. The destruction and removal efficiency of the burner were achieved up to 99.9999% for 0.1 liters per minute (lpm) SF6 in 120lpm N2 and 99.3% for 0.05lpm CF4 in 60lpm N2, revealing that the microwave plasma burner can effectively eliminate perfluorocompounds emitted from the semiconductor industries.
Diastereospecific synthesis of phosphinidene-capped cyclodextrins leading to “introverted” ligands (2004)

alpha-Cyclodextrins (alpha-CDs) containing "PPh" units which cap the primary face of the CD were obtained in high yield by reaction of Li(2)PPh with A,B- or A,C-dimesylated and A,B,D,E-tetramesylated precursors; the resulting phosphines are diastereomerically pure and constitute valuable precursors for the synthesis of metallo-cavitands.
Self-tuning fuzzy looper control for rolling mills (2002)

Deals with the problem of looper control for tension-free rolling. Conventional controllers can not deal effectively with unmodeled dynamics and large variations which can lead to scrap runs and damages to machinery. Therefore, a fuzzy controller has been designed to use the expert knowledge of the operators for disturbed process control. Also, a self-tuning algorithm is incorporated for both on-line and off-line tuning of the fuzzy membership functions. The paper discusses the design of the fuzzy logic controller and its self-tuning. The effects of various design options are discussed and practical conclusions are made. Results from simulations are also presented.
Effects of ionic carriers on the morphological properties of electrospun nanofibres (2010)

Electrospinning is a straightforward and inexpensive process that produces continuous nanofibres from polymer solutions. The characteristics of the electrospinning process are mainly governed by the surface charge of the polymer solution which ultimately determines the fibre morphology and diameter. The charge density at the fluid surface is greatly influenced by the ionic carriers that present in the polymer solution. Therefore, in this paper, we discuss the effects of ionic carriers on the electrospinning process and hence the fibre morphology by changing the type of ions and their concentration using polyethylene oxide and polyacrylic acid solutions. The type of ions in the polymer solutions is altered by using different salts that include LiCl, NaCl, NaF, NaHCO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> , KCl, and CsCl.
Pyrimidines. III. 5,6-Dihydropyrimidines<sup>1</sup> (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPyrimidines. III. 5,6-Dihydropyrimidines1KWANG-YUEN ZEE-CHENG, ROLAND K. ROBINS, and C. C. CHENGCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1961, 26, 6, 1877–1884Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01065a046https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01065a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views380Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Isoxazolinoisoquinoline Heterocycles via Solid-Phase Reissert and Suzuki Reactions (1998)

A traceless solid-phase synthesis strategy has been developed that delivers novel isoxazolinoisoquinoline heterocycles. The process consists of solid-phase Reissert formation (isoquinoline → I), Suzuki coupling lithiation, and subsequent C1-alkylation (I → II), and exo-olefin selective 1,3-dipolar nitrile oxide cycloaddition followed by Reissert hydrolysis (II → III) to liberate the targeted heterocycle.
A Practical Heuristic Approach to Node Edge Arc Routing Problem Using One Dimensional Data Model and Simulated Annealing (2018)

A practical heuristic approach to Node Edge Arc Routing Problem (NEARP or MCGRP) and an aplication to a newspaper delivery problem is proposed. In this approach, the creation of neighborhood based on one dimensional data model and heuristic optimization technique using Simulated Annealing (SA) are adopted. The rates of adopting rules in producing neighbors and the values of parameters in the SA procedure are revised from them used in the method which was developed in the authors' previous study. Computational experiments are examined on a set of benchmark NEARP problems (CBMix series). In two problems over twenty-three benchmark problems, the proposed method overcomes the best-known solutions in smaller computing time. A newspaper delivery problem in a district in Japan is modeled as NEARP and solved by the proposed method. Computational results on the problem are presented and the effectiveness of the proposed practical approach is demonstrated.
Crystal structure and powder diffraction reference pattern of type I clathrate Ba <sub>8</sub> Ni <sub>4</sub> Ge <sub>42</sub> (2012)

The crystal structure of type I clathrate Ba 8 Ni 4 Ge 42 has been determined using neutron powder diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM, for possible superlattice), and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurements. Ba 8 Ni 4 Ge 42 is cubic with the space group Pm n and unit-cell parameter a = 10.6769(2) Å ( D x = 5.988 g cm −3 ). The structure combines two different types of polyhedra: the dodecahedron (Ge 20 , 20-atom cage with 12 pentagonal faces) and the tetrakaidecahedron (Ge 24 , 24-atom cage with 12 pentagonal and 2 hexagonal faces). Each unit cell contains two Ge 20 dodecahedra and six Ge 24 tetrakaidecahedra. The Ge 20 dodecahedra are linked via the interstitial 6 c positions. The framework structure is formed by a tetrahedrally bounded network of Ge atoms, whereas Ba atoms reside inside the Ge 20 and Ge 24 cavities at the 2 a and 6 d crystallographic positions, respectively. Ni atoms exclusively occupy the 6 c positions located on the hexagonal faces of the larger tetrakaidecahedra; no Ni atoms are found in the smaller dodecahedra that consist of pentagonal faces. A local structure study using EXAFS supports the coexistence of Ge and Ni on the 6 c site. Electron diffraction in TEM reveals no detectable Ge/Ni ordering.
Effects of dimethyl fumarate on neuroprotection and immunomodulation (2012)

These results suggest that immunomodulatory concentrations of dimethyl fumarate can reduce oxidative stress without altering neuronal network activity.
An Evaluation of Microseismic Monitoring of Lenticular Tight Sandstone Stimulations (2010)

Microseismic monitoring in lenticular tight gas formations has a number of challenging issues associated with both analysis and interpretation. The heterogeneous nature of the reservoir and the typically small microseismic-event amplitudes make it essential to understand the limits of interpretation that should be applied in these reservoirs. With proper care, fracture lengths and azimuth, along with zonal coverage, are readily obtainable. However, fracture-height growth in these complex reservoirs needs to be carefully assessed. Microseismic data provides a level of self-QC potential through the use of a magnitude-distance assessment to guide interpretation and design. Hydraulic fractures observed in these reservoirs tend to be long penetrating fractures that wander through the distributed-sand lenses, with modest height growth in most projects.
Enzymic activity of proteases in detergent systems: Comparison of assay methods and the role of interfering substances (1969)

Abstract Two modifications of a method are presented for assaying proteolytic enzymes. They differ primarily in the mechanism used for terminating the enzymic reaction, one technique employing trichloroacetic acid (TCA), the other, heat inactivation. Comparative studies reveal that there are two distinct disadvantages in using TCA which are not evident with the heat inactivation procedure. In the first place, TCA does not selectively precipitate residual substrate. Secondly, in the presence of acid, linear alkyl benzene sulfonate and other long chain anionic surfactants interfere with the quantitative determination of enzymic activity. This interference can be falsely interpreted as inhibition of proteolysis. An explanation of the above phenomena is given in the text along with assay results in the presence of metal chelating agents.
ChemInform Abstract: METALLIERUNGSRK. 14. MITT. ALLGEMEINGUELTIGKEIT DER 1,3‐SIGMATROPEN WASSERSTOFFVERSCHIEBUNG BEI ALLENYLLITHIUM‐VERBINDUNGEN (1973)

Abstract Die Metallierung von Alkinen‐(2) wie z.B. (I) mit n‐Butyl‐Li in Äther ergibt ein dimetalliertes Produkt, das mit Trimethylchlorsilan oder dessen Gemisch mit Methylbromid die Alkine (II) bzw. (III) ergibt.
Recent developments in InP-based optoelectronic devices (2005)

Recent development trends in InP-based optoelectronic devices are illustrated by means of selected examples. These include lasers for uncooled operation and direct modulation at 10 Gbit/s, complex-coupled lasers, which exhibit particularly low sensitivity to back reflections as well as monolithic mode-locked semiconductor lasers as ps-pulse sources for OTDM applications. Furthermore, a Mach-Zehnder interferometer modulator for high bit rate applications (40 Gbit/s and beyond) is described, and finally, photoreceivers and ultra high-speed waveguide-integrated photodiodes with > 100 GHz bandwidth are presented, which are key component for high bit rate systems, advanced modulation format transmission links, and for high speed measurement equipment as well.