gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Front Cover: Capillary electrophoresis method for simultaneous analysis of caffeine, vanillin and ethyl vanillin in beverages (2021)

This cover picture describes a fast and simple capillary electrophoresis method for the simultaneous analysis of caffeine, vanillin, and ethyl vanillin in beverages. The optimal separation conditions were 25 mM phosphate buffer at pH 8.5, containing 10% acetonitrile and detected at 200 nm. Employing the optimum conditions, the three compounds were separated in less than 3 min. The procedure was validated with respect to linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), (RSD%) accuracy (recovery) and precision (repeatability). Calibration curves with (r2 > 0.9986) in the concentration range of 5-80 μg/mL were obtained for the three analytes. The LODs and LOQs in the range of 2.9-5.6 and 5.7-7.8 μg/mL were obtained, respectively. Recoveries of analytes in range from 85 to 108%, (n = 3) were attained. The validated method was successfully utilized for the analysis of the analytes in various beverage samples.
A Randomized Trial Of Aerobic Exercise Training In Lymphoma Patients (2009)

Lymphoma is the fifth most common cancer in the United States with 75,000 Americans expected to be diagnosed in 2008. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) comprises 89% of lymphomas with the remainder being Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). The disease and its repeated treatments can produce acute and chronic side effects including decreased physical functioning, body composition changes, fatigue, depression, and reduced quality of life (QoL). Few interventions have been shown to improve these outcomes in lymphoma patients. PURPOSE: To examine the effects of aerobic exercise training (AET) on physical functioning and QoL in lymphoma patients. METHODS: We conducted a randomized controlled trial in Edmonton, Canada between 2005 and 2008 that stratified 122 lymphoma patients by major disease type and current treatment status and randomly assigned them to usual care (UC; n=62) or supervised AET (n=60) for 12 weeks. Our primary endpoint was patient-rated physical functioning assessed by the Trial Outcome Index-Anemia (TOI-An) scale. Secondary endpoints included overall QoL, fatigue, general health, psychosocial functioning, cardiovascular fitness, and body composition. RESULTS: Follow-up assessment for our primary endpoint was 96% (117/122) and median adherence to the supervised exercise program was 92%. Mixed-model analyses indicated that AET was statistically and clinically superior to UC for patient-rated physical functioning as assessed by the TOI-An [mean group difference= +9.0; 95% CI=2.0 to 16.0; p=0.012]. AET was also superior to UC for overall QoL (p=0.019), fatigue (p=0.013), general health (p<0.001), happiness (p=0.002), depression (p=0.005), cardiovascular fitness (p<0.001), and lean body mass (p=0.007). Change in peak cardiovascular fitness mediated the changes in patient-rated physical functioning and fatigue. Findings were not moderated by major disease type or current treatment status. AET did not interfere with chemotherapy completion rate or treatment response. CONCLUSIONS: AET significantly improved important patient-rated outcomes and objective physical functioning in lymphoma patients without interfering with medical treatments. Exercise training to improve cardiovascular fitness should be considered in the management of lymphoma patients receiving chemotherapy or off treatments.
Monitorización y manejo del ictus en fase aguda (1999)

In this article we analyze the advantages of Acute Stroke Units in the application of new treatments and their potential benefits in the prevention of medical complications; we also review the general recommendations for treatment in the acute phase of strokes.
A Review of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Use in the Treatment of Schizophrenia (2008)

Patients with schizophrenia often fail to respond to standard antipsychotic medications or have a partial treatment response. Few treatment options are available for these patients. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) was developed and investigated over the last 10 years as a potential treatment option for various psychiatric conditions. Increasingly, studies are focusing on potential applications of rTMS in schizophrenia. To date, most of these studies were symptom-specific rather than focused on the treatment of the disorder in general. The most extensive literature focuses on the use of low-frequency stimulation to attempt to disrupt or reduce the intensity of persistent refractory auditory hallucinations. This research tends to suggest that rTMS could have a role in this subset of patients. There is also preliminary but limited evidence that rTMS could have a role in reducing the negative symptoms of schizophrenia and perhaps in augmenting cognitive function. These findings also highlight the pressing need for further research including multisite studies to confirm the value of these options.
Diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction in a community hospital: significance of CPK-MB determination. (1976)

Twice-daily CPK-MB determinations were performed but not made availabe to the physicians of 179 consecutive patients with precordial pain admitted to a community hospital to evaluate the diagnostic importance of this isoenzyme. Physician decision was based upon history and once-daily ECG and total enzymes (CPK, SGOT, LDH). Following hospital discharge, each patient's clinical record was reviewed to determine the physician diagnostic decision. The patients were subdivided into three groups. The first group consisted of 46 patients with diagnostic QRS changes and elevated total enzymes. All 46 had physician diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction and CPK-MB was present in 44 (96%). The second group included 55 patients with nondiagnostic QRS but elevated total enzymes. Physician diagnosis was acute myocardial infarction in 28 (51%) but 16 (57%) of these had no CPK-MB. The third group contained 50 patients with nondiagnostic QRS and normal enzyme levels. Six (12%) had physician diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction but none had CPK-MB. Thus, absence of CPK-MB failed to confirm physician diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction when based upon history and total enzymes in the absence of QRS changes in 22 of 34 (65%) patients.
The reaction of 3-bromo-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one with .beta.-diketones and .beta.-keto esters to give functionalized furans (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe reaction of 3-bromo-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one with .beta.-diketones and .beta.-keto esters to give functionalized furansRonald B. GammillCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 22, 3988–3990Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01336a059https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01336a059research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views145Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Synthesis of p-Toluenesulfonyl-L-isoleucyl-L-glutaminyl- L-asparagine and Related Peptides<sup>1</sup> (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Synthesis of p-Toluenesulfonyl-L-isoleucyl-L-glutaminyl- L-asparagine and Related Peptides1Panayotis G. Katsoyannis and Vincent du VigneaudCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 12, 3113–3115Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01641a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01641a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views154Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Comparison of a Sliding Hip Screw with a Trochanteric Lateral Support Plate to an Intramedullary Hip Screw for Fixation of Unstable Intertrochanteric Hip Fractures: A Cadaver Study (2004)

A sliding hip screw with an attached lateral support plate provides stability and ability to resist medial displacement of the femoral shaft similar to that seen with the IMHS.
MR. STRAWSON ON NECESSARY PROPOSITIONS AND ENTAILMENT STATEMENTS (1948)

Journal Article MR. STRAWSON ON NECESSARY PROPOSITIONS AND ENTAILMENT STATEMENTS Get access S. N. HAMPSHIRE S. N. HAMPSHIRE Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Mind, Volume LVII, Issue 227, July 1948, Pages 354–357, https://doi.org/10.1093/mind/LVII.227.354 Published: 01 July 1948
Ligand substitution processes at five coordinate copper(II) centres in hydrophilic and hydrophobic environments (1979)

In [Cu(Me6tren)H2O]2+[where Me6tren is 2,2′,2″-(N,N-dimethylamine]triethylamine] the aqualigand occupies a hydrophobic environment resembling the sites of aqua ligands in some metalloenzymes, whereas in [Cu(tren)H2O]2+(where tren is 2,2′,2″-triaminotriethylamine) the aqua ligand occupies a hydrophilic site. The lability of the aqua ligand in [Cu(Me6tren)H2O]2+ towards ligand substitution (e.g. for substitution by azide through an Id mechanism: k23(298 K)= 34.6 ± 1.3 s–1; ΔH#= 54.8 ± 1.0 kJ mol–1; ΔS#=–31.7 ± 3.5 J K–1 mol–1) is several orders of magnitude less than that for the aqua ligand in [Cu(tren)H2O]2+. These differences in lability are discussed in relation to the possible influences of the local environment at the site of substitution.
Longitudinal evaluation of FGF23 changes and mineral metabolism abnormalities in a mouse model of chronic kidney disease (2011)

Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is a phosphaturic and vitamin D-regulatory hormone of putative bone origin that is elevated in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The mechanisms responsible for elevations of FGF23 and its role in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD) remain uncertain. We investigated the association between FGF23 serum levels and kidney disease progression, as well as the phenotypic features of CKD-MBD in a Col4a3 null mouse model of human autosomal-recessive Alport syndrome. These mice exhibited progressive renal failure, declining 1,25(OH)(2)D levels, increments in parathyroid hormone (PTH) and FGF23, late-onset hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia, high-turnover bone disease, and increased mortality. Serum levels of FGF23 increased in the earliest stages of renal damage, before elevations in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine. FGF23 gene transcription in bone, however, did not increase until late-stage kidney disease, when serum FGF23 levels were exponentially elevated. Further evaluation of bone revealed trabecular osteocytes to be the primary cell source for FGF23 production in late-stage disease. Changes in FGF23 mirrored the rise in serum PTH and the decline in circulating 1,25(OH)(2)D. The rise in PTH and FGF23 in Col4a3 null mice coincided with an increase in the urinary fractional excretion of phosphorus and a progressive decline in sodium-phosphate cotransporter gene expression in the kidney. Our findings suggest elevations of FGF23 in CKD to be an early marker of renal injury that increases before BUN and serum creatinine. An increased production of FGF23 by bone may not be responsible for early increments in FGF23 in CKD but does appear to contribute to FGF23 levels in late-stage disease. Elevations in FGF23 and PTH coincide with an increase in urinary phosphate excretion that likely prevents the early onset of hyperphosphatemia in the face of increased bone turnover and a progressive decline in functional renal mass.
The Philosophy of Freedom: Ideological Origins of the Bill of Rights (1995)

In this collection, Samuel Rudolph elucidates the ideological core of our fundamental rights. He attempts to preserve the roots of liberty and the rationale in the minds of our ancestors through original writings, arranged by historical period, from the early Americans as well as their English precursors. Rudolph provides commentary and introductory essays. Contents: Introduction; Part I. Samuel Rudolph: European Precedents of the American Concept of Liberty; John Locke: 'On the Extent of Legislative Power'; John Trenchard and Thomas Gordon: 'Letters of Cato'; David Hume: 'Of the Liberty of the Press'; Baron Montesquieu: Spirit of the Laws; William Blackstone: The Natural Rights of Mankind and Freedom of the Press; Edmund Burke: The Spirit of Liberty in Early America; Richard Price: Civil Liberty, Free Government and Slavery; Part II. Samuel Rudolph: American Concept of Liberty in the Revolutionary Era; Joseph Galloway: 'A Letter to the People of Pennsylvania'; James Fitch: Taxation without Representation; Oxenbridge Thacher: A Common Law Right to Representation Before Taxation; James Otis: 'Of the Natural Rights of Colonists'; Stephen Hopkins: New World, Old Rights: Opposition to the Acts of Parliament; Benjamin Rush: An Early Argument Against Slavery, The Peculiar Institution in America; Alexander Hamilton: Fundamental Rights and Natural Law; Thomas Jefferson: Religious Freedom in a Sovereign America; Thomas Paine: On the Origins and Rationale of Government; Part III: Samuel Rudolph: The Constitutional Debate; Richard Henry Lee: Federal Farmer Number 16; Hamilton, Madison and Jay: The Federalist on the Dangers of Faction and Parties; James Madison: Fundamental Rights in the Proposed Constitution-Explicit or Implicit? George Mason: Did We Really Need a Bill of Rights? Thomas Jefferson: Free Speech, Free Press and the Right to a Jury Trial; Part IV. Samuel Rudolph: Toward Nationhood: Early Interpretations of Our Basic Freedoms; Thomas Jefferson: On Rights and Duties-Proportional Punishments to Fit the Crimes; Zephaniah Swift: 'A System of Laws of the State of Connecticut'; Calder vs. Bull: The Right of Ex Post Facto-Early Supreme Court Interpretations on the Scope of a Fundamental Right; Postscript; Appendix: 1.The English Petition of Rights (1628); Virginia Declaration of Rights (1776); The Constitution of the United States (1787); Amendments to The Constitution.
Currents in Lake Mendota, Wisconsin (1953)

Author Institution: F. T. Stone Institute of Hydrobiology, Put-in-Bay, Ohio, and Department of Meteorology, University of Wisconsin, Madison
Structural analysis and dynamic Young's modulus measurement of selected tropical wood polymer composites (2010)

Various tropical wood species are abundantly available in Southeast Asia, especially in Borneo Island. In this study, selected tropical wood species, Eugenia spp., Artocarpus rigidus, Artocarpus elasticus, Koompassia malaccensis and Xylopia spp., were chemically treated with sodium meta periodate to convert them into wood polymer composites (WPCs). Manufactured WPCs were characterised using microstructural analysis (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and SEM) and dynamic Young's modulus measurement. The dynamic Young's modulus was calculated using vibrational testing E d and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis E′. Spectroscopic analysis results indicated the absorption band of raw wood at 1635 cm –1 due to carbonyl stretching and WPCs showed increased absorption band near 1718 cm –1 . The manufactured WPCs yielded higher Young's modulus compared with raw woods. A. elasticus WPC had the highest Young's modulus compared with the other composites.
Prevalence and risk factors for the presence of serum cryoglobulins in patients with chronic hepatitis C (2000)

To assess the prevalence and risk factors for cryoglobulinaemia associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, we studied 360 consecutive patients with chronic hepatitis C (191 men, median age 57 years; 86 [24%] with cirrhosis). One-hundred and sixty-eight (47%) had circulating cryoglobulins (mean levels 208 +/- 256 mg l-1), predominantly of type III (80%; and 20% type II). Cryoglobulins were more common in women than in men (56% vs 39%, P=0.001) and in patients with cirrhosis than in those with chronic hepatitis (57% vs 43%, P=0.024). Cryoglobulinaemic patients more frequently had high levels of serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) (57% vs 30%, P=0.001), immunoglobulin G (IgG) (84% vs 70%, P=0.002) and rheumatoid factor (45% vs 16%, P=0.001); low levels of serum C3 (15% vs 4%, P=0.001) and C4 (51% vs 26%, P=0.001); and low numbers of platelets (21% vs 12%, P=0.018), than patients without cryoglobulins. The presence of cryoglobulins was not correlated with hepatitis duration (cryopositives, 12 +/- 7 years; cryonegatives, 11 +/- 8 years) or HCV genotype (HCV 1b, 48% vs 53%; HCV 2a, 35% vs 29%, cryopositive vs cryonegative patients respectively). By multivariate analysis, female gender (odds ratio [OR] 1.675; confidence interval [CI] 1. 055-2.661), elevated serum IgM (OR 2.296; CI 1.438-3.665), IgG (OR 1. 952; CI 1.114-3.422), rheumatoid factor (OR 3.213; CI 1.889-5.465) and low C4 (OR 1.859; CI 1.138-3.038) could reliably predict the presence of cryoglobulins. When the pathogenic variables IgG, rheumatoid factor and C4 were excluded from analyses, only levels of serum cholinesterase activity < 4500 U independently predicted (OR 3. 663, CI 1.258-10.184) the presence of cryoglobulins. Fifty per cent of the patients with chronic hepatitis C circulated cryoglobulins, with preference for those with a greater impairment of liver function, as revealed by serum cholinesterase activity.
Induction of thymocyte apoptosis in mice by Yersinia enterocolitica products (1998)

In-vivo administration of the culture supernates from Yersinia enterocolitica resulted in thymus atrophy in C3H/HeJ mice, known to be lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-nonresponders. The thymocytes underwent apoptosis as characterised by fragmented DNA ladders on agarose gel electrophoresis, a cell death detection ELISA and a morphological study by the TUNEL reaction. As a control, LPS treatment did not induce thymocyte apoptosis in C3H/HeJ mice. Flow cytometric analysis indicated that thymus atrophy was due predominantly to the deletion of CD4+ CD8+ T cells. When cells were undergoing apoptosis, an elevation in the percentage of T-cell receptor (TCR)-alphabeta(high) cells was observed at 24 h, which was correlated with the increase in the percentages of cells expressing high levels of the Vbeta6 and Vbeta8 TCR. Gel electrophoretic analysis demonstrated the presence of protein bands with mol.wts ranging from 17 to 65 kDa in Y. enterocolitica culture supernates.
High precision solder droplet printing technology: principle and applications (2002)

Solder droplet printing technology, which is low-cost, noncontact, flexible, data-driven, and environmentally friendly, has emerged as an enabling technology for precisely placing fine solder deposits on a variety of small substrates. It is suitable for a variety of applications including direct chip attach site preparation, 3D substrates, fine line interconnect, substrate via fill, optoelectronics and many others. It enables manufacturing techniques that are impossible or unfeasible with current technology, such as localized replacement of solder on board, depositing solder in different thicknesses on the same board, or using more than one type of solder on the same board. This makes the evaluation of solder droplet printing technology essential for the microelectronics industry. In this paper, the principle of the solder droplet printing technology is described, recent experimental results are included, and potential applications of the technology in the microelectronics industry are evaluated.
New devices and drugs on the horizon in pain management. (2012)

Chronic pain is a common condition that confers a substantial burden--physical, psychological, and economic--to individuals and society. There are a wide variety of interventions available for this condition. Chronic pain that is refractory to conventional treatment remains a challenge to physicians and patients alike. The purpose of this review is to describe recent developments for chronic pain management including pharmaceutical interventions and medical device therapy. For drug therapy, this review will focus on three classes of medications: antidepressants, opiates and antiepileptic medications. For device therapy, the utility of electrical stimulation to neural structures (dorsal column, peripheral nerve and deep brain) and intrathecal therapy for chronic pain will be described.
The Effect of Transforaminal Epidural Block with Hyaluronidase and Triamcinolone (2005)

Background: Epidural steroid injections benefit certain patients with radicular pain, and often have only a limited duration. We compared the efficacy of hyaluronidase and triamcinolone and triamcinolone alone in patients with lumbar herniated disc disease treated with transforaminal epidural block. Methods: Forty patients who had undergone a transforaminal epidural injection were retrospectively reviewed. The T group received triamcinolone and local anesthetics; whereas, the HT group received hyaluronidase, triamcinolone and local anesthetics. We evaluated the improvement as being good, moderate, mild or no improvement, and in those where the improvement was good or moderate, also evaluated the duration of pain relief. Data were collected from the medical records of patients or via phone calls, which were analyzed using Student t- and chi-squared tests. A value of P
Functionalization of Hydride‐Terminated Photoluminescent Silicon Nanocrystals with Organolithium Reagents (2014)

Hydride-terminated photoluminescent silicon nanocrystals (SiNCs) were functionalized with organolithium compounds. The reaction is proposed to proceed through cleavage of Si - Si bonds and formation of a Si - Li surface species. The method yields colloidally stabilized SiNCs at room temperature with short reaction times. SiNCs with mixed surface functionalities can be prepared in an easy two-step reaction by this method by quenching of the Si - Li group with electrophiles or by addressing free Si - H groups on the surface with a hydrosilylation reaction.