gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Selectivity of TMC207 towards Mycobacterial ATP Synthase Compared with That towards the Eukaryotic Homologue (2008)

The diarylquinoline TMC207 kills Mycobacterium tuberculosis by specifically inhibiting ATP synthase. We show here that human mitochondrial ATP synthase (50% inhibitory concentration [IC(50)] of >200 microM) displayed more than 20,000-fold lower sensitivity for TMC207 compared to that of mycobacterial ATP synthase (IC(50) of 10 nM). Also, oxygen consumption in mouse liver and bovine heart mitochondria showed very low sensitivity for TMC207. These results suggest that TMC207 may not elicit ATP synthesis-related toxicity in mammalian cells. ATP synthase, although highly conserved between prokaryotes and eukaryotes, may still qualify as an attractive antibiotic target.
Emotion and Memory: Central and Peripheral Contributions (2002)

Abstract Every moment of our lives new information inundates our brains. Some of the information is preserved, perhaps for a lifetime. It has long been noted that memories of emotionally arousing experiences endure vividly (James, 1890; Christianson, 1992). We have enduring memories of significant personal experiences such as birthdays, weddings, holiday celebrations, the births of children, and the deaths of loved ones. We also tend to remember where we were and what we were doing when we witnessed a serious accident (Stratton, 1919; Bohannon, 1988), learned highly surprising and important information (Conway et al., 1994), or experienced an earthquake (Neisser, Winograd, Shreiber, Palmer, & Weldon, 1996). More common emotional experiences induced by praise, embarrassment, and insults are also not quickly forgotten. Emotional arousal thus appears to play a central and highly adaptive role in enabling the significance of events to influence the strength of the memories of events (McGaugh, 1992, 2000; Cahill & McGaugh, 1998). As William James commented, “An experience may be so exciting emotionally as to almost leave a scar on the cerebral tissue” (1890, p. 670). This chapter reviews research investigating the neurobiological systems involved in creating such “scars on the cerebral tissue.” The research is guided by the general hypothesis that emotional experiences activate processes that continue for some time after the experience and that those processes play critical roles in creating lasting memory. As noted by George Stratton, “When fear is relieved by the sudden disappearance of a menace, as when one has killed a rattlesnake faced suddenly in the mountains, there is no instant calm. The alarm is gone, but the waters continue to be troubled as after a squall” (1928, p. 220). Livingston (1967) was the first, to our knowledge, to offer a general neurobiological hypothesis to account for the effects of emotional arousal on memory. He suggested that activation of specific brain systems might promote the storage of recently activated brain events by initiating a “neurohormonal influence (favoring) future repetitions of the same neural activities” (p. 576). Kety (1972) subsequently offered a similar yet more specific suggestion that adrenergic catecholamines released in emotional states may serve “to reinforce and consolidate new and significant sensory patterns in the neocortex” (p. 73). In support of those hypotheses there is now extensive evidence indicating that stress hormones released by emotional stimulation modulate memory consolidation and that stress hormones act, at least in part, by activating brain systems that modulate memory consolidation.
Quantification of graphene based core/shell quantum dots from first principles (2011)

Density functional calculations are performed to study the electronic structure of recently proposed graphene/graphane based core/shell quantum dots, which have a type I band alignment and exhibit quantized carrier energy levels. Strong confinement is robust with shell thickness. The bandgap, band offset, and the number of confined carrier orbitals with different size and geometry are determined. Our findings indicate that these core/shell dots are potentially well suited for the design of advanced diode lasers and room-temperature single electron devices. The proposed method to determine the number of confined orbitals is applicable for other quantum dot systems.
Discordant expression of the sterol pathway in lens underlies simvastatin-induced cataracts in Chbb (2003)

Simvastatin rapidly induced cataracts in young Chbb:Thom (CT) but not Sprague Dawley (SD) or Hilltop Wistar (HW) rats. Oral treatment for 14 but not 7 days committed CT rat lenses to cataract formation. The cholesterol to phospholipid molar ratio in lenses of treated CT rats was unchanged. Differences between strains in serum and ocular humor levels of simvastatin acid poorly correlated with susceptibility to cataracts. No significant differences were found between rat strains in the capacity of simvastatin acid to inhibit lens-basal sterol synthesis. Prolonged treatment with simvastatin comparably elevated HMG-CoA reductase protein and enzyme activity in lenses of both cataract resistant and sensitive strains. However, in contrast to SD and HW rats, where sterol synthesis was markedly increased, sterol synthesis in CT rat lenses remained at baseline. Discordant expression of sterol synthesis in CT rats may be due to inadequate upregulation of lens HMG-CoA synthase. HMG-CoA synthase protein levels, and to a much lesser extent mRNA levels, increased in lens cortex of SD but not CT rats. Because upregulation of the sterol pathway may result in increased formation of isoprene-derived anti-inflammatory substances, failure to upregulate the pathway in CT rat lenses may reflect an attenuated compensatory response to injury that resulted in cataracts.
Spatially adaptive wavelet thresholding with context modeling for image denoising (2000)

The method of wavelet thresholding for removing noise, or denoising, has been researched extensively due to its effectiveness and simplicity. Much of the literature has focused on developing the best uniform threshold or best basis selection. However, not much has been done to make the threshold values adaptive to the spatially changing statistics of images. Such adaptivity can improve the wavelet thresholding performance because it allows additional local information of the image (such as the identification of smooth or edge regions) to be incorporated into the algorithm. This work proposes a spatially adaptive wavelet thresholding method based on context modeling, a common technique used in image compression to adapt the coder to changing image characteristics. Each wavelet coefficient is modeled as a random variable of a generalized Gaussian distribution with an unknown parameter. Context modeling is used to estimate the parameter for each coefficient, which is then used to adapt the thresholding strategy. This spatially adaptive thresholding is extended to the overcomplete wavelet expansion, which yields better results than the orthogonal transform. Experimental results show that spatially adaptive wavelet thresholding yields significantly superior image quality and lower MSE than the best uniform thresholding with the original image assumed known.
ChemInform Abstract: BLDG. UND STRUKTUR EINES NEUEN GEMISCHTEN SANDWICH‐KOMPLEXES (III) (1970)

Abstract Der Ni‐Komplex (I) reagiert mit dem Tl‐Derivat (II) in benzolischer Lösung zu dem π‐Cyclopropenyl‐Komplex (III) in 78%iger Ausbeute.
Isolation of Microgram Quantities of Naturally-occurring Plutonium and Examination of its Isotopic Composition<sup>1</sup> (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIsolation of Microgram Quantities of Naturally-occurring Plutonium and Examination of its Isotopic Composition1D. F. Peppard, M. H. Studier, M. V. Gergel, G. W. Mason, J. C. Sullivan, and J. F. MechCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1951, 73, 6, 2529–2531Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01150a034https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01150a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views157Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Studies on Nitrofuran and Related Compounds for Medicinal Purpose. VI (1964)

4-(5-Nltro-2-furylalkenyl) and 4-(5-nitro-2-thienylalkenyl) derivatives of 5-substituted 2-aminopyrimidine shown in Tables I-III were prepared. Antibacterial activity of these new compounds against Escherichia coli O-18 and Staphylococcus aureus 209P was tested in three kinds of bouillon medium and its result is summarized in Tables IV-VII. It was found that 5-substituted 2-amino-4-[3-methyl-4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)butadienyl]pyrimidines have strong antibacterial activity.
Characterization of cytochrome c/alkanethiolate structures prepared by self-assembly on gold (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleCharacterization of cytochrome c/alkanethiolate structures prepared by self-assembly on goldShihua Song, Rose A. Clark, Edmond F. Bowden, and Michael J. TarlovCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1993, 97, 24, 6564–6572Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100126a037https://doi.org/10.1021/j100126a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1605Altmetric-Citations347LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Timing the stimulus-secretion coupling with glucose : glucoreceptor or metabolic by product ? (1977)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
[Papillary carcinoma developing in thyroglossal duct cyst. Apropos of 2 cases]. (1986)

The authors report two cases of papillary carcinoma of a thyreoglossal duct cyst. In both cases, the thyroïd gland was normal. Clinical manifestations are not specific and the diagnosis is usually made by histopathologic examination which reveals in the majority of cases a papillary carcinoma. When loco-regional or metastatic extension are absent surgical excision of the cyst is sufficient.
Surgical Treatment of Lumbosacral Discospondylitis with Gentamicin-Impregnated Polymethylmethacrylate Cement and Omentalization (2019)

Objective The aim of this study was to describe a novel technique using a gentamicin-impregnated polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) plug for the surgical treatment of lumbosacral discospondylitis with concomitant instability. Clinical Report A 7-year-old male German Shepherd dog with lumbosacral (LS) discospondylitis and previously diagnosed with degenerative lumbosacral disease underwent ventral slot and distraction of the L7 to S1 intervertebral space with a gentamicin-impregnated PMMA plug. The lumbosacral joint was accessed via the abdomen. Samples were collected for bacterial culture and sensitivity, fungal culture and histopathological examination. The surgical site was omentalized. Long-term oral antimicrobials were administered. Results Clinical improvement was seen immediately after surgery. Complete return to previous activity level was observed 12 months after surgery. Follow-up radiographs 18 months after the procedure revealed no implant migration. Clinical Significance The gentamicin-impregnated PMMA plug in addition to the surgical debridement seemed to be an effective way for short-term distraction, potentially contributing, along with the appropriate antimicrobial therapy and analgesia, to alleviation of pain immediately after surgery and providing for a good short-term outcome, in this clinical case. The use of cement plugs as sole devices in the LS joint warrants further study.
Drug Abuse by Anesthesia Personnel (1984)

Anesthesia personnel of 15 southeastern academic departments reported significantly less use of marijuana and cocaine among their staffs than did a class of medical students describing their own use. The chairmen reported that between 1% and 2% of anesthesia personnel came to their attention because of drug or alcohol abuse. Of 44 persons known to abuse drugs or alcohol, seven were reported to have died secondary to abuse.
Hepatitis B virus and the prevention and control of liver cancer. (2010)

Most hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the world is due to hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus. The discovery of the HBV was a consequence of the basic science investigation which indirectly led to the discovery of the virus, often the case in science. HBV was discovered at Fox Chase Center in 1967 during a clinical research program on inherited susceptibility to disease. Applications commenced soon after the virus was identified. The testing of donor blood for occult HBV carriers, the invention of the HBV vaccine and the publication of the hypothesis of etiological association of HBV with hepatocellular carcinoma occurred at FCCC in 1969. National vaccine programs commenced in the early 1980’s and were instituted in many countries. This is one of the most widely used vaccines in the world. There has been a dramatic drop in the incidence of HBV infection and the prevalence of HBV carriers. There has also been a dramatic drop in the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in HBV vaccine-impacted populations.
Erratum: Spectral properties of the three-dimensional Hubbard model [Phys. Rev. B<b>83</b>, 235113 (2011)] (2011)

After publication of this paper, we became aware of the work of Ulmke et al. 1 Their paper also presents spectral functions for the three-dimensional Hubbard model at half filling and t = 0. Our results are in good agreement with those in Ref. 1.
Modulatory effect of sera from sarcoidosis patients on mononuclear cell-induced angiogenesis. (2007)

Sarcoidosis (SAR) is a systemic granulomatous inflammatory disease characterized by recruitment and activation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to the sites of disease. Neovascularisation is a principal vascular response in chronic inflammation and hypoxia. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of sera from sarcoidosis patients on angiogenic capability of different subsets of normal peripheral human mononuclear cells (MNC) in relation to IL-6 and IL-8 serum levels, to radiological stages of disease and to the presence of extrapulmonary changes. Serum samples obtained from 42 sarcoidosis patients were examined. There were 12 patients in stage I, 16 patients in stage II, and 14 in stage III. In order to quantify angiogenesis, a leukocyte-induced angiogenesis assay was performed by a method of Sidky and Auerbach. MNC were depleted in monocytes by glass adherence and phagocytosis of iron particles techniques. IL-6 and IL-8 in sera from sarcoidosis patients were evaluated by an ELISA-based assay. Sera from sarcoidosis patients enhanced angiogenic capability of normal MNC significantly stronger than sera from healthy donors (P<0.001). Angiogenic activity of sera in sarcoidosis depended on the stage of disease and appeared most pronounced in stage II (P<0.05). Sera from patients with extrapulmonary changes exerted stronger effect on angiogenesis than sera from patients with thoracic changes only (P<0.001). IL-6 and IL-8 serum level correlated with each other, but no correlation was found between IL-6 and IL-8 serum level and angiogenic activity of the examined sera. Removal of monocytes from MNC eliminated the effect of sera from sarcoidosis patients on angiogenesis compared with the effect of these sera on intact MNC (P<0.001). Sera from sarcoidosis patients and from healthy people constitute a source of mediators participating in angiogenesis. Sera from sarcoidosis patients prime monocytes for production of proangiogenic factors.
Ring-Opening Polymerization of <scp>l</scp>-Lactide Catalyzed by an Organocatalytic System Combining Acidic and Basic Sites (2010)

In this study, organocatalytic systems containing both basic and acidic sites, which can activate simultaneously the chain end and the monomer, were investigated in the ring-opening polymerization of l-lactide. To this end, equivalent amounts of (N,N-dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP) and of its protonated form (DMAP·HX) were used as a dual catalytic system for l-lactide polymerization initiated by different alcohols. It is shown that the corresponding DMAP/DMAP·HX systems are significantly more active than DMAP alone, and yield well-controlled poly(l-lactide). Depending on the reaction conditions, the transesterification reaction can be prevented.
Induced absorption of pump radiation and lasing thresholds of a POPOP solution (1991)

The cross sections for absorption of pump radiation at the 355 and 266 nm wavelengths by POPOP molecules in the lowest excited singlet and triplet states were determined. The stimulated emission thresholds for a solution of POPOP in cyclohexane, calculated using measured absorption cross sections, showed good agreement with the experimental results.
Brain Imaging Correlates and Executive Impairments in Individuals with Epilepsy and Comorbid Major Depression (IN4-1.007) (2012)

Objective: To compare gray matter (GM) volumes, white matter fiber tract integrity, and executive functioning (e.g., reasoning) between individuals with epileptic seizures with and without a major depressive disorder. Background Research demonstrated that the structural integrity of white matter tracts connecting temporal and frontal lobes were related to cognitive and emotion processing. Structural integrity of the hippocampus and amygdala have also been related to cognitive impairment and emotional regulation difficulties. Individuals with depression are often found to have greater cognitive impairment compared to individuals who are not depressed. Design/Methods: Thirty-two patients (mean age of 39.6 years; 17 males) with intractable epilepsy (21 with temporal lobe epilepsy, 5 with GTC, 6 with extra-temporal lobe seizure foci) underwent neuroimaging and neuropsychological assessment. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Inventory and clinical interview were used to define major depression. Fractional anisotropy [FA] was computed for white matter tracts using TrackVis by manual tracings. GM volumes were quantified with voxel-based morphometry. Results: Thirty-three patients met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV criteria for major depression. MANOVA indicated that depressed patients performed significantly poorer on tests of unstructured problem solving (F[1,28]=8.6,p Conclusions: Individuals with epilepsy with comorbid major depression have reduced gray and white matter integrity and perform poorer on tests of executive functioning compared to individuals with epilepsy without depression. Greater impairment in executive functions in individuals with epilepsy and major depression appears partly attributable to reduced structural brain integrity. Disclosure: Dr. Dulay has nothing to disclose. Dr. Havins has nothing to disclose. Dr. Agbayani has nothing to disclose. Dr. Travis Seidl has nothing to disclose. Dr. Karmonik has nothing to disclose. Dr. Xue has nothing to disclose. Dr. Verma has received personal compensation for activities with UCB Pharma and GlaxoSmithKline, Inc. as a speaker and/or consultant. Dr. Verma has received research support from Pfizer, Inc., UCB Pharma, and GlaxoSmithKline, Inc. Dr. Kawai has nothing to disclose. Dr. Grossman has nothing to disclose.
LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF THE ATOPIC CONDITION: EVALUATION OF A POSSIBLE METHOD BASED ON HUMAN SERUM COMPLEMENT CONSUMPTION (1975)

Purified house dust allergen has been employed for screening the susceptibility to inactivation of haemolytic complement in the blood serum of atopic individuals and control subjects. Though the atopic sera displayed a tendency to higher susceptibility, no practical distinction was possible from the sera of patients with various forms of chronic pulmonary disease, extrinsic allergic alveolitis, or urticaria. CH50 and C4 levels were unrelated to allergen-sensitivity of haemolytic complement, nor was there a correlation with the titers of naturally-occurring sheep red cell haemolysins. Although blood group specificity within the ABO system was distributed over the patients as expected for the normal population, the titers of A- and B-type antibodies displayed a trend to correlate with the allergen-sensitivity of fluid phase complement.
Pyroxsulam and Chlorpyrifos Applied the Same Day Injures Wheat (2012)

Field experiments were conducted in northwestern Kansas for two years to determine the effect of chlorpyrifos application timing on winter wheat response to pyroxsulam applied postemergence. Pyroxsulam at 18.4 g ai/ha was applied in spring when wheat was 10 to 15 cm tall. Chlorpyrifos at 260 g ai/ha was applied 3 or 7 days before, and 3 or 7 days after pyroxsulam application. Also a treatment of pyroxsulam and chlorpyrifos applied on the same day was included. When pyroxsulam and chlorpyrifos were applied on the same day, wheat leaf injury was greatest at 7 days after herbicide treatment (DAHT) (16%) and 14 DAHT (10 to 18%). This was 2 to 10 times higher than the injury caused by pyroxsulam applied alone. Same day application of pyroxsulam and chlorpyrifos also reduced plant height by 8% at 21 DAHT and delayed 50% heading by one day compared to pyroxsulam alone. Chlorpyrifos applied 3 to 7 days before or after pyroxsulam application caused similar or slightly higher leaf injury and growth reduction compared to pyroxsulam alone. Grain yields were not adversely affected by any treatment. To avoid crop injury, at least a 3-day interval between pyroxsulam and chlorpyrifos applications is desirable.