gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The preterm cervix reveals a transcriptomic signature in the presence of premature prelabor rupture of membranes (2017)

We identified 4 novel proteins with a potential role in the regulation of cervical remodeling leading to premature prelabor rupture of fetal membranes. Our findings contribute to the studies dissecting the mechanisms underlying premature prelabor rupture of fetal membranes and inspire further investigations toward the development of premature prelabor rupture of fetal membranes therapeutics.
Structure and Function of Proteins and Nucleic Acids Semiannual Progress Report, 1 Jan. - 30 Jun. 1966 (1966)

Potential applications to planetary explorations of research techniques and findings related to structure of proteins and nucleic acids
Existence and regularity results for a non-linear coupled system, and application to a posteriori estimators in the case of magnetic field (2006)

International audience
Isotropic conductivity of two-dimensional three-component symmetric composites (2000)

The effective dc-conductivity problem of isotropic, two-dimensional (2D), three-component, symmetric, regular composites is considered. A simple cubic equation with one free parameter for $\sigma_{e}(\sigma_1,\sigma_2,\sigma_3)$ is suggested whose solutions automatically have all the exactly known properties of that function. Numerical calculations on four different symmetric, isotropic, 2D, three-component, regular structures show a non-universal behavior of $\sigma_{e}(\sigma_1,\sigma_2,\sigma_3)$ with an essential dependence on micro-structural details, in contrast with the analogous two-component problem. The applicability of the cubic equation to these structures is discussed. An extension of that equation to the description of other types of 2D three-component structures is suggested, including the case of random structures. Pacs: 72.15.Eb, 72.80.Tm, 61.50.Ah
ChemInform Abstract: Isolation, Characterization, and Chemical Reactions of Fullerenes (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Safety of Beta-hCG plus Erythropoietin in Acute Ischemic Stroke. (2009)

Author(s): Cramer, Steven C; Fitzpatrick, Camille; Warren, Michael; Plon, Lawrence; Whitaker, Laura; Ryckborst, Karla Jo; Brown, David; Hill, Michael
Viruses vs Superbugs: A Solution to the Antibiotic Crisis? (2007)

Having recently written a short review of phage therapy,1 I was eager to read Viruses vs Superbugs, by Swiss science journalist Thomas Häusler. I have a longstanding research interest in Yersinia bacteriophages and have followed developments in phage therapy for several years.
Using Simulation Education With Deliberate Practice to Teach Leadership and Resource Management Skills to Senior Resident Code Leaders (2014)

The SIM intervention resulted in significantly improved team communication and cardiopulmonary arrest management. During debriefing, participants acknowledged the benefit of the SIM sessions.
A Laboratory Model for Studying Transhorizon Radio Wave Propagation Phenomena (1968)

A laboratory model suitable for use in the investigation of transhorizon radio wave propagation phenomena to described. The model allows a scale factor of 1.16 × 10 +6 to relate observations on the model to observations on a dielectric sphere the size of the earth. Measurements to show that the fields over the model agree with the classical “airless earth” solution are presented.
Reversal of Anchorage-Independent Multicellular Spheroid into a Monolayer Mimics a Metastatic Model (2014)

Lack of an in vitro model of metastasis has been a major impediment in understanding the molecular regulation of metastatic processes, and identification of specific therapeutic targets. We have established an in vitro model which displayed the signatures of metastatic phenotype such as migration, invasiveness, chemoresistance and expression of cancer stem-cell markers. This in vitro model was developed by the induction of reversal of multicellular spheroids that were generated by anchorage-independent growth. In vivo data further validated the metastatic phenotype of the in vitro model. Besides delineating the molecular events of metastasis, this model could also improve the screening efficiency of antimetastatic agents.
Projections from the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus to the rat prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens shell: Ultrastructural characteristics and spatial relationships with dopamine afferents (2003)

The paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT) participates in the functional integration of limbic cortical and striatal circuitry. In the rat, the PVT projects to the deep layers of the medial prefrontal cortex (PFC) and to the shell of the nucleus accumbens (NAc). However, the synaptic organization of PVT afferents within these regions remains undescribed. Furthermore, although dopamine (DA) modulates excitatory glutamate transmission in both areas, possible anatomic substrates for specific DA modulation of PVT inputs have not yet been investigated. To address these issues, immunoperoxidase labeling for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in DA axons was combined with anterograde tract-tracing, either by biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) labeled with immunogold-silver or by degeneration after lesions of the PVT. In both regions, and with either tracing method, PVT terminals formed primarily asymmetric axospinous synapses; in the NAc, a proportion of PVT terminals also synapsed onto dendrites. PVT profiles in both regions were often seen in direct apposition to TH-immunoreactive axons; this association was more evident in the NAc where the DA innervation is denser. Within the PFC, PVT profiles and TH-labeled axons were occasionally apposed to the same dendrites, but synaptic specializations were not typically seen at these seeming points of convergence. Within the NAc, PVT profiles occasionally made synapses onto spines and distal dendrites that received convergent synapses from TH-immunoreactive varicosities. These findings represent the first demonstration of postsynaptic convergence between DA and thalamic afferents to a striatal region and are consistent with direct synaptic modulation of PVT transmission by DA in the NAc but not the PFC.
Bile acid malabsorption caused by ileal resection (1972)

Two syndromes of bile acid malabsorption caused by ileal resection—bile acid diarrhea (cholerheic diarrhea) and fatty acid diarrhea (steatorrheic diarrhea)—have been identified, characterized, and symptomatic therapy has been developed. In patients with small resections, bile acid malabsorption is mild, and compensatory increase in hepatic synthesis of bile acids is sufficient to restore their secretion. The increased passage of bile acids into the colon causes diarrhea. In patients with large resections, bile acid malabsorption is severe, and increase in bile acid synthesis is insufficient to restore their secretion. This results in impaired micellar dispersion of lipolytic products and malabsorption of fat. Diarrhea responds to removal of long-chain triglycerides from the diet, suggesting that unabsorbed fatty acids or their bacterial products cause the diarrhea in these patients.
A Limited Sampling Strategy for Estimating Individual Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Coagulation Factor VIII in Patients With Hemophilia A (2007)

Therapeutic drug monitoring of factor VIII is well established in the treatment of patients with hemophilia attributable to important interindividual variability. The individual initial factor VIII dosage is usually calculated according to individual pharmacokinetic parameters obtained after a dose test administered before the surgery, using at least five-concentration data. The authors proposed a limited sampling strategy to estimate individual pharmacokinetic parameters from one- or two-concentration data in patients with hemophilia A before surgery. The mean population pharmacokinetic parameters and the interindividual variability (CV) were obtained from a group of 33 patients according to a two-compartment model using NONMEM. Eighteen additional patients were used to estimate the predictive performances of the population parameters and to evaluate the limited sampling strategies. Population parameters were clearance 2.6 mL/h per kilogram (CV 45.4%), initial volume of distribution 2.8 L (CV 21.1%). From two sampling times (0.5 and 6 hours or 0.5 and 8 hours after the end of infusion), the estimation of pharmacokinetic parameters was precise and not biased. Until now, in the hemophilic center of Lyon, the factor VIII dosage before surgery was based on the determination of the clearance, estimated from five- to nine-concentration data and on the target concentration (infusion rate = clearance x target). Ruffo et al proposed a limited sampling strategy (two-stage method) to estimate pharmacokinetic parameters from two concentration measurements drawn 3 and 9 hours after the dose. No information was given on the bias and precision of the estimation. This paper reports a one-stage method for a population pharmacokinetic study of factor VIII. The Bayesian estimation of individual pharmacokinetic parameters based on only two sampling times (0.5 and 6 hours or 0.5 and 8 hours after the end of infusion) is useful to define the best factor VIII dosage in hemophilic patients before surgery.
Comparison of Visual Acuity Charts in Young Adults and Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy (2013)

Landolt C charts resulted in worse VA estimates compared with letter and tumbling E charts in both young adults and visually impaired subjects with DR. These differences seem more pronounced in DR patients who exhibit worse VAs. The specific study population must be considered in comparing outcomes from different clinical practices.
Hybrid Control Systems: Design and Analysis for Aerospace Applications (2009)

Abstract : The objective of this research was to contribute to the fundamental understanding of hybrid control systems and to explore the use of hybrid feedback in problems of interest to the Air Force. We aimed to provide a solid, foundational understanding of hybrid systems that will enable the vast potential of hybrid control to be realized. On the analysis side, we investigated the implications of different hybrid semantics, the simulation of hybrid systems, and the interconnection of hybrid systems, all of which are important for understanding hybrid control design and evaluation. On the control side, we focused on synthesis of robust hybrid control systems. Special attention was given to problems involving online decision making, especially for unmanned air vehicles, on time scales that are similar to the natural time scales of the physical system for which decisions are being made. We also investigated the use of hybrid control in traditional feedback loops, including the use of reset control systems, hybrid logic in anti-windup control, and the design of hybrid patchy vector fields.
(<i>R</i>*,<i>S</i>*)-(±)-1-(2-{[2,8-Bis(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl](hydroxy)methyl}piperidin-1-yl)ethanone methanol monosolvate (2011)

The title mefloquine derivative has been crystallized as its 1:1 methanol solvate, C(19)H(18)F(6)N(2)O(2)·CH(3)OH. Each of the meth-ine-hydroxyl residue [the C-C-C-O torsion angle is -16.35 (17) °] and the piperidinyl group [distorted chair conformation] lies to one side of the quinolinyl ring system. The hydroxyl and carbonyl groups lie to either side of the mol-ecule, enabling their participation in inter-molecular inter-actions. Thus, the hydroxyl and carbonyl groups of two centrosymmetrically related mol-ecules are bridged by two methanol mol-ecules via O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, leading to a four-mol-ecule aggregate. These are linked into a supra-molecular chain along the a axis via C-H⋯O inter-actions involving the hydroxyl-O atom. The chains assemble into layers that inter-digitate along the c axis being connected by C-H⋯F inter-actions.
Swarming Behavior in Plant Roots (2012)

Interactions between individuals that are guided by simple rules can generate swarming behavior. Swarming behavior has been observed in many groups of organisms, including humans, and recent research has revealed that plants also demonstrate social behavior based on mutual interaction with other individuals. However, this behavior has not previously been analyzed in the context of swarming. Here, we show that roots can be influenced by their neighbors to induce a tendency to align the directions of their growth. In the apparently noisy patterns formed by growing roots, episodic alignments are observed as the roots grow close to each other. These events are incompatible with the statistics of purely random growth. We present experimental results and a theoretical model that describes the growth of maize roots in terms of swarming.
Treatment of atrial fibrillation (2002)

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in clinical practice. It may cause symptoms such as palpitations, dyspnoea, fatigue, dizziness or chest discomfort. Mortality risk has been reported to be twice as high when patients are in AF compared to sinus rhythm. As the incidence increases with age and the total number of elderly patients expands, the future clinical burden will be significant. w1 . . . . . . . . . . .
Mechanisms of cell injury in rat mesentery and cremaster muscle (1998)

The events responsible for cell injury after a tissue stimulation are only incompletely understood. The purpose of this study was to examine mechanisms of cell injury in two tissues, rat mesentery and cremaster muscle, after tissue stimulation with N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) and platelet-activating factor (PAF). The response was studied in the same animal in random order using normal and leukopenic rats. The tissues were exteriorized after pentobarbital anesthesia. Five to six vascularized areas were chosen in each tissue, and cell injury and hydroperoxide production were assessed visually by continuous superfusion with 1 microM propidium iodide and 5 microM dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH), respectively. FMLP (1 x 10(-8) M) and then PAF (1 x 10(-8) M) were added to the superfusate, and measurements were made at several time points. The second tissue was then examined using the same protocol. In the cremaster, there was little hydroperoxide production, and the tissue injury was eliminated after leukopenia. Leukopenia had no effect on tissue injury in the mesentery. Although hydroperoxide production was observed, there was no correlation between it and the tissue injury. The level of preactivation showed no correlation with either tissue injury or hydroperoxide production. In light of these results, mast cell degranulation may be an important mechanism of tissue injury in the mesentery.
Initial repair strengths of two methods for acute medial collateral ligament injuries of the elbow (2007)

Abstract The purposes of this study were to compare the initial repair strength of the medial collateral ligament (MCL) of the elbow using trans‐osseous sutures and suture anchor methods and to determine the effect of repair pretensioning. Twelve, fresh‐frozen upper extremities (66 ± 5 years) were mounted in a valgus‐loading system. MCL repairs were performed using trans‐osseous suture and suture anchor methods with 20 N or 40 N pretensioning. A cyclic (0.5 Hz), valgus 40 N load was applied 12 cm distal to the elbow axis of flexion. The load was increased by 10 N every 200 cycles until a length increase of 5 mm or catastrophic failure of the repair occurred. Repairs pretensioned with 40 N endured a significantly higher number of cycles and failed at higher loads than those pretensioned with 20 N ( p < 0.05). No difference was found in the cycles or load to failure between trans‐osseous sutures and suture anchors ( p > 0.05). A higher magnitude of pretensioning of MCL repairs was found to increase initial repair strength suggesting that pretensioning should be performed clinically. Despite the comparable failure loads of the trans‐osseous suture and suture anchor methods, the failure mechanism differed between the two techniques. The suture anchors usually failed catastrophically when the sutures broke as they passed through the anchor eyelet, while the trans‐osseous sutures gradually elongated to the defined failure length by stretching and sliding through the ligament. The use of different suture anchors, suture sizes, or suture materials would likely influence the findings of this study and should be considered when applying these findings clinically. © 2007 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 25:612–616, 2007
Telomere Length, Telomerase Activity, and Expressions of Human Telomerase mRNA Component (hTERC) and Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA in Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Tumors (2006)

These results suggest that alterations in telomere length, telomerase activity, and the expression of hTERT mRNA may (i) play roles in pathogenesis in pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors, and (ii) be a useful tool for differential diagnosis between TCs and LCNECs.
Peer-to-Peer Technology Business and Service Models: Risks and Opportunities (2002)

The sharing and downloading of information goods over peer-to-peer (P2P) networks has become a common way for millions of Internet users worldwide to find and trade music, software and other digital media files. In order for P2P networks to evolve into efficient economic marketplaces several issues need to be addressed. Peers may act in different roles, they can be contributors or consumers of the traded goods. Intermediaries may or may not emerge to better facilitate the trade. This paper discusses supplier risks and business opportunities arising from P2P service models. We propose some participation incentive mechanisms to mitigate free riding risk and improve the overall economic efficiency of P2P trading services and briefly outline how these could be implemented as software features in P2P application systems. This paper also examines the roles of P2P agents and concludes with a three-layer model that describes P2P services at the technology application level, the community application level, and the business application level.
Dynamics and Structure of Weakly-Strained Flames In Normal- and Micro-Gravity (1999)

Strained laminar flames have been systematically studied, as the understanding of their structure and dynamic behavior is of relevance to turbulent combustion. Most of these studies have been conducted in opposed-jet, stagnation-type flow configurations. Flame studies in stagnation flows also allow for the determination of fundamental flame properties such as laminar flame speeds and extinction states that can be also conveniently modeled in detail. Studies at high strain rates are important in quantifying and understanding the response of vigorously-burning flames under conditions in which the transport time scales become comparable to the chemical time scales. Studies of weakly-strained flames can be of particular interest for all stoichiometries. For example, the laminar flame speeds for any equivalence ratio, phi, can be accurately determined by using the counterflow technique only if measurements are obtained at very low strain rates. Furthermore, near-limit flames can be only stabilized by weak strain rates. Previous studies have shown that weakly-burning flames are particularly sensitive to chain mechanisms, thermal radiation, and unsteadiness. The stabilization and study of weakly-strained flames is complicated by the presence of buoyancy that can render the flames unstable to the point of extinction. Such instabilities are caused either by the induced natural convection or the fact that higher density fluid can find itself on top of a lower density fluid. Thus, the use of microgravity (mu-g) becomes essential in order to provide meaningful insight into this important combustion regime. In view of the foregoing considerations, the main objectives of the program are to: (1) Experimentally determine the laminar flame speed at near-zero strain rates; (2) Experimentally determine the extinction limits of near-limit flames; (3) Experimentally determine the response of near-limit flames to unsteadiness and heat loss; (4) Introduce Digital Particle Image Velocimetry (DPIV) in microgravity; (5) Conduct detailed numerical simulations of the experiments; and (6) Provide physical insight into the underlying physico-chemical mechanisms.
NASA wiring for space applications program test results (1995)

The electrical power wiring tests results from the NASA Wiring for Space Applications program are presented. The goal of the program was to develop a base for the building of a lightweight, arc track-resistant electrical wiring system for aerospace applications. This new wiring system would be applied to such structures as pressurized modules, trans-atmospheric vehicles, LEO/GEO environments, and lunar and Martian environments. Technological developments from this program include the fabrication of new insulating materials, the production of new wiring constructions, an improved system design, and an advanced circuit protection design.
Electroconvulsive Therapy in a Geriatric Patient with Multiple Bone Fractures and Generalized Plasmocytoma (1992)

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a highly effective treatment for patients with severe major depressive disorder. ECT can safely be administered even to medically ill, high-risk patients; we report on the complete remission of depressive psychopathology following five unilateral ECT treatments in a suicidal geriatric patient with concurrent prior venous thrombosis, coronary heart disease, multiple myeloma, glaucoma, bilateral petrous bone fractures, and a femoral neck fracture. Most medical complications during ECT can be managed with interdisciplinary cooperation.
Calcium and Calmodulin Are Involved in Blue Light Induction of the gsa Gene for an Early Chlorophyll Biosynthetic Step in Chlamydomonas (1996)

Chung-soon Im, Gail L. Matters, Samuel I. Beale, Calcium and Calmodulin Are Involved in Blue Light Induction of the gsa Gene for an Early Chlorophyll Biosynthetic Step in Chlamydomonas, The Plant Cell, Vol. 8, No. 12 (Dec., 1996), pp. 2245-2253
Multiplexed Holographic Tunable Resonators for Reconfigurable Optical Interconnects (1991)

The benefits of using optics for massively parallel interconnects between electronic processors are well known. Additional flexibility can be achieved if optical switches are used to create reconfigurable optical interconnects. The enhanced efficiency of holograms placed in optical resonators has been proposed for the use in passive interconnects [1,2], for active devices [3], and for dense wavelength division multiplexing [4]. If a diffraction grating is placed inside a resonator, such as a Fabry-Perot resonator, its interaction length, and consequently its efficiency, can be significantly increased because of multiple paths of the optical beam inside a cavity in resonance. As a result, a combination of the characteristics of diffraction gratings and optical resonators is achieved: the direction of light can be changed and the efficiency of the diffracted beam exhibits peaks similar to that of a Fabry-Perot resonator. If the cavity can be tuned, the features of resonated holograms can be utilized for switching of light beams in optical interconnects. However, optical resonators pose great fabrication difficulties primarily due to stringent alignment requirements. We propose and demonstrate holographically recorded tunable Fabry-Perot resonators for the use in this optical interconnect configuration. Simultaneous recording of two high efficiency reflection gratings, which replace regular mirrors, removes the alignment problems. In addition, the use of volume holographic materials with refractive index modulation allows recording of multiplexed gratings to create multiple mirror resonators in a compact form which results in a much higher effective efficiency of the resonated grating.