gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Glyco‐engineering in plants to produce human‐like <i>N</i>‐glycan structures (2012)

It is now possible to produce complex human proteins, largely correctly folded and N-glycosylated, in plants. Much effort has been invested in engineering expression technologies to develop products with superior characteristics. The results have begun to show success in controlling important posttranslational modifications such as N-glycosylation. With the emerging data increasingly indicating the significance of proper N-glycosylation for the efficacy of a drug, glyco-engineering has become an important issue not only for academia but also for the biopharmaceutical industry. Plants have demonstrated a high degree of tolerance to changes in the N-glycosylation pathway, allowing recombinant proteins to be modified into human-like structures in a specific and controlled manner. Frequently the results are a largely homogeneously glycosylated product, currently unrivalled by that of any other expression platforms. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advances in plant N-glyco-engineering in the context of the expression of therapeutically relevant proteins, highlighting both the challenges and successes in the application of such powerful technologies.
Human immunodeficiency virus‐1 reverse transcriptase heterodimer stability (1994)

Structural and biochemical evidence strongly supports a heterodimeric (p66p51) active form for human immunodeficiency virus-1 reverse transcriptase (RT). Heterodimer stability was examined by sedimentation analysis as a function of temperature and ionic strength. Using NONLIN regression software, monomer-dimer-trimer and monomer-dimer-tetramer association models gave the best fit to the analytical ultracentrifuge sedimentation equilibrium data. The heterodimer is the predominant form of RT at 5 degrees C, with a dimerization Ka value of 5.2 x 10(5) M-1 for both models. Ka values of 2.1 x 10(5) and 3.8 x 10(5) M-1 were obtained for the respective association models at 20 degrees C. RT in 50 and 100 mM Tris, pH 7.0, completely dissociates at 37 degrees C and behaves as an ideal monomeric species. The dissociation of RT as a function of increasing temperature was also observed by measuring the decrease in sedimentation velocity (sw,20). If the stabilization of the heterodimer was due primarily to hydrophobic interactions we would anticipate an increase in the association from 21 degrees C to 37 degrees C. The opposite temperature dependence for the association of RT suggests that electrostatic and hydrogen bond interactions play an important role in stabilizing heterodimers. To examine the effect of ionic strength on p66p51 association we determined the changes in sw,20 as a function of NaCl concentration. There is a sharp decrease in sw,20 between 0.10 and 0.5 M NaCl, leading to apparent complete dissociation. The above results support a major role for electrostatic interactions in the stabilization of the RT heterodimer.
Alternating-Current Impedance Measurements Applied to Corrosion Studies and Corrosion-Rate Determination (1981)

The general features of the a-c impedance at a metal-electrolyte interface as a function of frequency are depicted, and recently developed measurement techniques are described. It is established that at low and very low frequencies, down to the millihertz domain, relaxation phenomena are found in those cases where the assumptions used in Stern's derivation are not met. Under such conditions polarization resistance techniques can hardly be used owing to experimental and theoretical reasons. Charge transfer resistance, when used instead of polarization resistance in a Stern's type equation, is proved to overcome these difficulties on the basis of a theoretical derivation. Correlation between charge transfer resistance and corrosion rate is illustrated by practical examples of pure iron and anodized aluminum alloys.
Dissolution of artemisinin/polymer composite nanoparticles fabricated by evaporative precipitation of nanosuspension (2010)

EPN can be used to prepare artemisinin nanoparticles and artemisinin/PEG composite particles that have a significantly enhanced dissolution rate. The mechanism of drug release involved diffusion and erosion.
Abstract 12003: Brain Injury in Cognition and Mood Regulatory Regions in Adolescents With Single Ventricle Heart Disease (2016)

Introduction: Adolescents with palliated single ventricle congenital heart disease (SVCHD) show a distinct pattern of cognitive and mood impairment, indicating the probability of brain injury in regions that control these functions. However, brain tissue integrity in cognitive and mood regulatory sites in SVCHD remains unclear. Our aim was to evaluate regional brain tissue changes in SVCHD compared to controls using T2-relaxometry procedures, which measure free water in tissues (higher T2-relaxation values indicate tissue damage). Methods: Proton-density and T2-weighted images were collected from 9 SVCHD (age: 15.8±1.1 years, male: 6, BMI: 19.8±3.6 kg/m 2 ) and 8 healthy controls (age: 16.3±0.9 years, male: 4, BMI: 25.4±8.1 kg/m 2 ), using a 3.0-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging scanner. Whole-brain T2-relaxation maps were calculated, normalized to a common space, smoothed, and compared between groups using ANCOVA (covariates: age and gender). Results: Several brain regions in SVCHD showed increased T2-relaxation values, indicating tissue injury, including the prefrontal cortices (a, b; executive thinking), anterior and posterior cingulate cortices (f; conflict resolution; emotion and memory), bilateral insular cortices (c; autonomic and emotion control), and bilateral parahippocampal gyrus (g; facial and topographical recognition; see Figure). In addition to gray matter injury, white matter changes were also detected in regions that link important gray matter regions associated with cognition and mood, including bilateral frontal white matter, anterior corpus callosum, and middle cerebellar peduncles (d, e), compared to controls [all regions p<0.05]. Conclusion: Adolescents with palliated SVCHD showed significantly increased T2-relaxation values, indicating tissue injury, in brain regions that control cognition and mood. These findings indicate that functional deficits in SVCHD may result from tissue injury in those regulatory areas.
Thermal conductivity model for nanofiber networks (2018)

Understanding thermal transport in nanofiber networks is essential for their applications in thermal management, which are used extensively as mechanically sturdy thermal insulation or high thermal conductivity materials. In this study, using the statistical theory and Fourier's law of heat conduction while accounting for both the inter-fiber contact thermal resistance and the intrinsic thermal resistance of nanofibers, an analytical model is developed to predict the thermal conductivity of nanofiber networks as a function of their geometric and thermal properties. A scaling relation between the thermal conductivity and the geometric properties including volume fraction and nanofiber length of the network is revealed. This model agrees well with both numerical simulations and experimental measurements found in the literature. This model may prove useful in analyzing the experimental results and designing nanofiber networks for both high and low thermal conductivity applications.
High sensitivity and low intermodulation distortion p-i-n waveguide photodiode modules (2002)

Summary form only given. The developed waveguide photodiode (WGPD) module for CATV link applications consists of a 0.06 /spl mu/m thick GaInAs absorption layer, 3 /spl mu/m thick GaInAsP optical confinement layers, and InP cladding layers so that the optical confinement factor (r) was as low.
Package It All Up (2004)

Virtually every application development language has some concept of subprograms. Typically they are called "procedures," "functions," "routines," or "sections," but they all are indicative of a logical or modular grouping of code segments within a program. Similarly, PL/SQL, which is a derivative of Ada, also has the concept of subprograms, but the package mechanism is a wonderful extension to this model, as we will demonstrate in this chapter.
Development of the Grain Size Evaluating Process in Very Narrow Cu Interconnects (2013)

Grain size distributions of less than 100 nm wide Cu interconnects made by DC electroplating have been evaluated by the X-ray diffraction method. The mean grain size of the annealed Cu interconnects was found to be expressed as a linear function of the product of the overburden Cu film thickness times the ratio of the interconnect trench width to depth. This linear relationship describes how to use the interconnect parameters like the thickness of the overburden Cu film and the depth and width of the trench to evaluate the mean grain size in narrow annealed Cu interconnects up to 50 nm wide.
Global hydrocephalus epidemiology and incidence: systematic review and meta-analysis (2018)

For the first time in a global model, the annual incidence of pediatric hydrocephalus is estimated. Low- and middle-income countries incur the greatest burden of disease, particularly those within the African and Latin American regions. Reliable incidence and burden figures for adult forms of hydrocephalus are absent in the literature and warrant specific investigation. A global effort to address hydrocephalus in regions with the greatest demand is imperative to reduce disease incidence, morbidity, mortality, and disparities of access to treatment.
Slot antenna for wireless temperature measurement systems (2016)

This paper presents a novel clover-slot antenna for a surface-acoustic-wave sensor based wireless temperature measurement system. The slot is described by a parametric locus curve that has the shape of a clover. The antenna is operated at high temperatures, in rough environments, and has a 43% fractional bandwidth at the 2.4GHz ISM-band. The slot antenna has been optimized for excitation by a passive chip soldered onto it. Measurement results are compared with simulation results and show good agreements.
Impact of backplane configuration on the statistical variability in 22nm FDSOI CMOS (2015)

In this paper, using variation aware device simulation, we study the local device variability and mismatch as affected by statistical variation resulting from differing backplane doping options in fully depleted SOI transistors. It is seen that discrete random doping effects associated with the choice of doping has a direct effect on mismatch, resulting in increased mismatch with larger channel doping. However, it is also seen that increased backplane doping may counter intuitively help to reduce the variability associated with discrete doping due modification of the electrostatic screening of the source/drain extensions.
Oceanic Internal Wave Field: Theory of Scale-invariant Spectra (2005)

Steady scale-invariant solutions of a kinetic equation describing the statistics of oceanic internal gravity waves based on wave turbulence theory are investigated. It is shown in the non-rotating scale-invariant limit that the collision integral in the kinetic equation diverges for almost all spectral power-law exponents. These divergences come from resonant interactions with the smallest horizontal wavenumbers and/or the largest horizontal wavenumbers with extreme scale-separations. We identify a small domain in which the scale-invariant collision integral converges and numerically find a convergent power-law solution. This numerical solution is close to the Garrett--Munk spectrum. Power-law exponents which potentially permit a balance between the infra-red and ultra-violet divergences are investigated. The balanced exponents are generalizations of an exact solution of the scale-invariant kinetic equation, the Pelinovsky--Raevsky spectrum. A balance between oppositely signed divergences states that infinity minus infinity may be approximately equal to zero. A small but finite Coriolis parameter representing the effects of rotation is introduced into the kinetic equation to determine solutions over the divergent part of the domain using rigorous asymptotic arguments. This gives rise to the induced diffusion regime. The derivation of the kinetic equation is based on an assumption of weak nonlinearity. Dominance of the nonlocal interactions puts the self-consistency of the kinetic equation at risk. Yet these weakly nonlinear stationary states are consistent with much of the observational evidence.
Evolution of temporary wafer (de)bonding technology towards low temperature processes for enhanced 3D integration (2012)

Among the technological developments pushed by the emergence of 3D Stacked IC technologies, wafer thinning has become a key element in device processing over the past years. One major criteria, being Total Thickness Variation after thinning, various aspects in the temporary bonding step will be discussed with this respect. While these elements are now becoming mature enough for high-volume manufacturing, thin wafer debonding and handling still remain challenging and are still prone for evolution.
Additions and Corrections - Photolysis of Alkyl Azides. Evidence for a Nonnitrene Mechanism (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAdditions and Corrections - Photolysis of Alkyl Azides. Evidence for a Nonnitrene MechanismEvan Kyba and Rudolph AbramovitchCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 10, 3663Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1980Publication History Published online19 February 2004Published inissue 1 May 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00530a609https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00530a609research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views23Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
In Situ Observation of the Interfacial Phase Formation at Si Melt/Silica Glass Interface (2000)

In situ observation has been carried out to investigate the interfacial phase of “brownish rings” forming at the Si melt/silica glass interface during Czochralski (CZ) silicon crystal growth. It is found that some small brownish dots appeared at the interface immediately after Si melting, and gradually grew laterally. The growth rate of the interfacial phase increases with increasing temperature, and it only nominally depends on the silica dissolution rate when the dissolution rate is lower than a critical value. The formation mechanism of the brownish rings has been investigated and two formation mechanisms are proposed. (1) Cristobalite forms in the central region of the interfacial phase. (2) The periphery of the interfacial phase is thicker than the central region, and only part of the periphery remains after passing through the triple junction where the dissolution rate is very high.
Massive Machine Type Communication With Data Aggregation and Resource Scheduling (2017)

To enable massive machine type communication (mMTC), data aggregation is a promising approach to reduce the congestion caused by a massive number of machine type devices (MTDs). In this paper, we consider a two-phase cellular-based mMTC network, where MTDs transmit to aggregators (i.e., aggregation phase) and the aggregated data is then relayed to base stations (i.e., relaying phase). Due to the limited resources, the aggregators not only aggregate data, but also schedule resources among MTDs. We consider two scheduling schemes: random resource scheduling (RRS) and channel-aware resource scheduling (CRS). By leveraging the stochastic geometry, we present a tractable analytical framework to investigate the signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) for each phase, thereby computing the MTD success probability, the average number of successful MTDs and probability of successful channel utilization, which are the key metrics characterizing the overall mMTC performance. Our numerical results show that, although the CRS outperforms the RRS in terms of SIR at the aggregation phase, the simpler RRS has almost the same performance as the CRS for most of the cases with regards to the overall mMTC performance. Furthermore, the provision of more resources at the aggregation phase is not always beneficial to the mMTC performance.
ChemInform Abstract: Evidence of an Equilibrium Between Selenides and Osmium(VIII) Reagents and Selenoxides and Osmium(VI) Reagents. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Regulator of G-protein signaling Gbeta5-R7 is a crucial activator of muscarinic M3 receptor-stimulated insulin secretion (2018)

Background. Muscarinic cholinergic receptor M3 (M3R) stimulates glucose-induced insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells. RGS (regulator of G-protein signaling) proteins are essential components of GPCR pathways, but they have not been systematically investigated in the pancreas. Here, we focused on the role of the R7 subfamily of RGS proteins in beta cells. A unique feature of R7 proteins is that they form obligatory heterodimers with the atypical G-protein subunit Gbeta5. This interaction is essential for stability of the Gbeta5-R7 complex, so that the knockout of the Gnb5 gene results in degradation of all R7 subunits.
Marrow donor immunity to herpes simplex virus: association with acute graft-versus-host disease. (1987)

The interactions between humoral and cellular immunity to herpes simplex virus (HSV) in bone marrow donors, the occurrence of active HSV infections, and the development of grades II-IV acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in their HLA-A,B,C,DR-identical sibling recipients were studied. The absence of IgG-class HSV antibodies in the marrow donors was associated with a low incidence of GVHD: 38 of 53 recipients (72%) of marrow from HSV-seropositive donors developed GVHD versus only two of 15 recipients (13%) with HSV-seronegative donors (p = 0.0004). The cellular immunity to HSV was studied in vitro by evaluating the degree of lymphocyte proliferative responses to that virus and was also significantly associated with GVHD: 30 of 43 recipients (70%) of marrow from donors with a positive test developed GVHD versus 10 of 25 recipients (40%) of marrow from donors with a negative test (p = 0.03). The previously reported risk for GVHD attributed to donor CMV antibodies increased the risk of GVHD due to donor HSV antibodies. Of 31 recipients of marrow from donors who were both HSV- and CMV-seropositive, 27 (85%) developed GVHD versus 11 of 22 recipients (50%) of marrow from HSV-seropositive but CMV-seronegative donors (p = 0.008).
Hypermethylated MAL gene – a silent marker of early colon tumorigenesis (2008)

Promoter hypermethylation of MAL was present in the vast majority of benign and malignant colorectal tumors, and only rarely in normal mucosa, which makes it suitable as a diagnostic marker for early colorectal tumorigenesis.
Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) plays a role in controlling cutaneous leishmaniasis in vivo, but does not require activation by parasite lipophosphoglycan (2016)

TLR2 deficiency leads to exacerbation of disease and parasite burden through promotion of Th2 immunity. TLR2 activation in vivo occurs independently of parasite LPG, suggesting other parasite ligands are involved in TLR2 recognition of Leishmania.
A SEQUENTIAL SAMPLING PLAN FOR ADULT TUBER FLEA BEETLES (<i>EPITRIX TUBERIS</i> GENTNER): DEALING WITH “EDGE EFFECTS” (1990)

Abstract We propose a sequential sampling plan for adult tuber flea beetles, Epitrix tuberis Gent., in potato fields, which is based on a confidence interval calculated around a critical density value (Iwao 1975) and which uses Taylor’s Power Law (Taylor 1961) to estimate the variance. Because of the highly edge-biased gradients of density displayed by this insect, separate sequential expressions have been calculated for densities at the edges and centers of fields. In a survey of 12 commercial potato fields, spring-generation E . tuberis densities in centers of fields were always far below the threshold level of one beetle per 10 plants employed at the time of sampling. The survey also indicated that fields that have been sown with potatoes for 2 consecutive years have higher beetle densities than fields sown with potatoes for a 1st year. Edge:center density ratios, however, were the same for the two categories of fields.
Rationale and Design of a Randomized Phase 2 Trial of Gefitinib Plus Bevacizumab vs Gefitinib Alone in Patients with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutant Non-Squamous Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Study Protocol (2018)

Combination chemotherapy with platinum preparations is the standard first-line treatment for stage IIIB/IV non-small-cell lung cancer. However, the median survival in patients receiving this therapy is 8 to 10 months, and it is essential to improve the results of chemotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors hinder EGFR signal transmission by binding to the adenosine triphosphate binding site of intracellular tyrosine kinase and inhibiting the autophospholylation of EGFR. They are a standard initial treatment option in EGFR gene mutation-positive patients. In Japan, gefitinib is routinely used. A combination of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) and another antineoplastic drug may be a strategy to further improve treatment outcomes. We planned a randomized phase 2 trial to assess the efficacy and safety of gefitinib plus bevacizumab in such patients. In this study, subjects will be assigned to receive monotherapy with gefitinib (GEF group) or combination therapy with gefitinib and beva cizumab (GEF+BEV group) as the initial treatment at a ratio of 1:1. EGFR gene mutations are frequently detected in Asian patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. This study may be significant for establishing a new standard treatment.
Harmonization of rat fetal external and visceral terminology and classification (2003)

S.625-637
Preparation and Characterization of Palladium Nanoparticles Supported on Nickel Hexacyanoferrate for Fuel Cell Application (2013)

Nickel hexacyanoferrate supported palladium nanoparticles (Pd-NiHCF NPs) were synthesized and studied for oxygen reduction reactions in direct methanol fuel cell. The NiHCF support was readily synthesized by a comixing of <TEX>$Ni(OCOCH_3)_2$</TEX> and equimolar <TEX>$K_3[Fe(CN)_6]$</TEX> solution into DI water under rigorous stirring. After the preparation of NiHCF support, Pd NPs were loaded on NiHCF via L-ascorbic acid reduction method at <TEX>$80^{\circ}C$</TEX>. Pd-NiHCF NPs were electrochemically active for oxygen reduction reaction in 0.1 M <TEX>$HClO_4$</TEX> solution. X-ray absorption near edge structure analysis was conducted to measure the white line intensity of Pd-NiHCF to verify the OH adsorption. As a comparison, carbon supported Pd NPs exhibited same white line intensity. This study provides a general synthetic approach to easily load Pd NPs on porous coordination polymers such as NiHCF and can provide further light to load Pd based alloy NPs on NiHCF framework.