gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MG53 permeates through blood-brain barrier to protect ischemic brain injury (2016)

Ischemic injury to neurons represents the underlying cause of stroke to the brain. Our previous studies identified MG53 as an essential component of the cell membrane repair machinery. Here we show that the recombinant human (rh)MG53 protein facilitates repair of ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury to the brain. MG53 rapidly moves to acute injury sites on neuronal cells to form a membrane repair patch. IR-induced brain injury increases permeability of the blood-brain-barrier, providing access of MG53 from blood circulation to target the injured brain tissues. Exogenous rhMG53 protein can protect cultured neurons against hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced damages. Transgenic mice with increased levels of MG53 in the bloodstream are resistant to IR-induced brain injury. Intravenous administration of rhMG53, either prior to or after ischemia, can effectively alleviate brain injuries in rats. rhMG53-mediated neuroprotection involves suppression of apoptotic neuronal cell death, as well as activation of the pro-survival RISK signaling pathway. Our data indicate a physiological function for MG53 in the brain and suggest that targeting membrane repair or RISK signaling may be an effective means to treat ischemic brain injury.
Activation of human monocyte chemiluminescence response by acylpoly(1,3)galactosides derived from Kiebsiella pneumoniae (1992)

The stimulating activity of several preparations isolated from a membrane proteoglycan of a nonencapsulated smooth strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kp-MPG) on the oxidative burst of human blood monocytes was assessed by luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence (CL). Five Kp derivatives were studied: a 34-kd acylpoly(1,3)galactoside (APG), obtained by drastic alkaline hydrolysis and purified by chromatography; an APG preparation subjected to acid hydrolysis that removed the core part and all fatty acids, leaving intact the galactose chain of APG (GC-APG); an APG preparation subjected to mild oxidation (ox APG); a preparation obtained by mild alkaline hydrolysis of Kp-MPG, containing additional ester-linked C14 and C16 fatty acids bound to the APG molecule (EFA-APG); and a polymer of the latter compound, APG pol. EFA-APG directly stimulated monocyte CL, whereas Kp-MPG, APG pol, and the whole bacterial cells had little or no activity. APG itself and ox APG induced a weaker response than EFA-APG. Polymyxin B sulfate completely inhibited the CL response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) but not to EFA-APG. The stimulating action of EFA-APG on blood monocytes was dependent on the extracellular levels of both calcium and magnesium. Preincubation of monocytes with monoclonal antibody anti-Mac-1 directed against CD11b, the alpha chain of complement receptor type 3 (CR3; CD11b/CD18), strongly inhibited CL activation by EFA-APG and to a lesser extent CL activation by unopsonized zymosan and rough LPS. Altogether, these findings provide indirect evidence for the contribution of the CD11b/CD18 integrin in the functional interaction of EFA-APG with monocyte membranes. They demonstrate the role of fatty acids in the triggering of monocyte oxidative burst, while the polysaccharide chain itself does not contribute to induction of the CL response in this model. In keeping with the effects of EFA-APG and APG, we show that the monocyte CL response was triggered by bacterial LPS from the rough strain of Salmonella minnesota Re 595 and its lipid A, but not by LPS from smooth strains, again suggesting a critical role for the lipid moiety.
Symmetrical dimethylation of arginine residues in spliceosomal Sm protein B/B′ and the Sm-like protein LSm4, and their interaction with the SMN protein (2001)

Arginine residues in RG-rich proteins are frequently dimethylated posttranslationally by protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs). The most common methylation pattern is asymmetrical dimethylation, a modification important for protein shuttling and signal transduction. Symmetrically dimethylated arginines (sDMA) have until now been confined to the myelin basic protein MBP and the Sm proteins D1 and D3. We show here by mass spectrometry and protein sequencing that also the human Sm protein B/B' and, for the first time, one of the Sm-like proteins, LSm4, contain sDMA in vivo. The symmetrical dimethylation of B/B', LSm4, D1, and D3 decisively influences their binding to the Tudor domain of the "survival of motor neurons" protein (SMN): inhibition of dimethylation by S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) abolished the binding of D1, D3, B/B', and LSm4 to this domain. A synthetic peptide containing nine sDMA-glycine dipeptides, but not asymmetrically modified or nonmodified peptides, specifically inhibited the interaction of D1, D3, B/B', LSm4, and UsnRNPs with SMN-Tudor. Recombinant D1 and a synthetic peptide could be methylated in vitro by both HeLa cytosolic S100 extract and nuclear extract; however, only the cytosolic extract produced symmetrical dimethylarginines. Thus, the Sm-modifying PRMT is cytoplasmic, and symmetrical dimethylation of B/B', D1, and D3 is a prerequisite for the SMN-dependent cytoplasmic core-UsnRNP assembly. Our demonstration of sDMAs in LSm4 suggests additional functions of sDMAs in tri-UsnRNP biogenesis and mRNA decay. Our findings also have interesting implications for the understanding of the aetiology of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA).
Yeast and Scaling (2013)

Tension as the Motor for Recruiting the Growth Machinery .......................... 147 8.4.2 Estimate of the Pressure Difference with the Use of Cell WallTension............................................................................................................. 148 8.4.3 Length at Mitosis: The Septum Location .............................................. 149 8.4.4 New-End Take Off (NETO) Length ...................................................... 150 8.4.5 The C-Shape .......................................................................................... 152 8.5 Conclusion ....................................................................................................... 154 Keywords ................................................................................................................. 154 Acknowledgments .................................................................................................... 154 References ................................................................................................................ 1558.1 INTRODUCTIONLengths and shapes are approached in different ways in different fields: they serve as a read-out for classifying genes or proteins in cell biology whereas they result from scaling arguments in condensed matter physics. Here, a combined approach with examples illustrated for the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe is proposed.
The role of gender and labour status in immunosenescence of 65+ Polish population (2017)

Women are living longer than men and it seems that one of the reasons could be better immune system of females. In Poland, contrary to many European countries, women retire earlier than men, namely at 60 and 65, respectively. We asked the question how the gender and labour status were interconnected with some immunological parameters included in the so called immune risk profile (IRP), such as CD4+/CD8+ ratio, percentage of CD8+CD28−, and NK, and the level of circulating cytokines. A total of 92 men and 100 women past the retirement age, namely 65–74 years old, still working or not, were examined. We have found statistically significant lower percentage of CD8+CD28− cells and non-statistically significant higher CD4+/CD8+ ratio in women, whereas the percentage of NK was higher in men. Moreover, the percentage of CD8+CD28− cells was negatively correlated with the CD4+/CD8+ ratio and the concentration of IL8 was positively correlated with the concentration of IL10 both in men and women. In men, the level of IL10 was higher than in women. Altogether, we found that gender, but not labour status, influences immunosenescence of the examined population of 65–74 years old Polish people.
Non-uniform lateral current distribution in quantum cascade lasers (2014)

Non-uniform lateral current distribution in quantum cascade (QC) lasers is investigated, as a result of stimulated-optical-emission-assisted electron transport, the rate of which depends on the local photon density and is comparable to the longitudinal optical (LO) phonon scattering rate. A microscopic model based on rate equations is built to study the self-consistent process of interaction between local electrons and photons in QC lasers. The non-uniform distribution of lateral current and the corresponding spatial hole burning are simulated from this model. Moreover, multi-transverse-mode operation in QC lasers is also investigated.
Radical substitution on the sulphur of thioester group (1990)

Intermolecular reaction of an organo-radical with thioester gives the sulphide, which is formed by the sulphur centred substitution of acyl groups with a nucleophilic organo-radical, but no displacement of S-alkyl groups with the organo-radical takes place.
Abstract 679: SGI-110 and entinostat therapy reduces lung tumor burden and reprograms the epigenome . (2013)

Abstract The DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) Vidaza (5-azacytidine) and Dacogen (5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine, decitabine) are approved by the FDA for chemotherapy against myelodysplastic syndrome, a heterogeneous bone marrow disorder. Vidaza in combination with the HDAC inhibitor entinostat has shown some promise in treating lung cancer and this has been replicated in our orthotopic lung cancer model. However, the effectiveness of these DNMTi against solid tumors is likely impacted in part, by their stability and rapid inactivation by cytidine deaminase in the liver. These studies were initiated to test the efficacy of SGI-110, a prodrug for decitabine. SGI-110, a dinucleotide consisting of 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine followed by a deoxyguanosine, has been shown to be effective in vitro as a DNA methylation inhibitor and less prone to deamination by cytidine deaminase. In this study, we used our in vivo lung cancer model to explore the potential therapeutic effect of SGI-110 alone and in combination with entinostat. In vivo plasma concentrations and pharmacokinetic properties of SGI-110 and its metabolite decitabine were evaluated in nude rats after a single SC dose of SGI-110. Upon SC administration, SGI-110 is rapidly converted to decitabine. Dose proportional pharmacokinetics showed no significant difference in accumulation of SGI-110 or decitabine, while the half life of decitabine was increased to 4hrs. SGI-110 alone or in combination with entinostat significantly reduced tumor burden by 56% of Calu-6, a K-ras/p53 mutant lung adenocarcinoma cell line engrafted orthotopically in nude rats. On a molecular level, global changes in gene profiles were associated with a reduction in tumor burden. Microarray analysis revealed that a 212 and 592 genes were differentially expressed in SGI-110 alone or with combination therapy. Highly significant gene expression changes were seen in key cancer regulatory pathways. In addition, SGI-110 treatment activated p21 and apoptotic genes BIK and BAK in these tumors. SGI-110 caused widespread epigenetic reprogramming that induced demethylation of an average of 291 genes; in particular 208 genes were polycomb target genes. The polycomb targets were enriched for transcription factors. These preclinical in vivo findings demonstrate that SGI-110 alone shows strong demethylating activity and when combined with entinostat more effectively retards tumor growth. (Supported by Astex Pharmaceutical and SU2C) Citation Format: Carmen S. Tellez, Marcie J. Grimes, Maria A. Picchi, Yushi Liu, Tom H. March, Aram Oganesian, Pietro Taverna, Steven A. Belinsky. SGI-110 and entinostat therapy reduces lung tumor burden and reprograms the epigenome . [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 679. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-679
Dinucleotide repeat polymorphism at the D17S18 locus (1991)

A human genomic Sau3AI/EcoRI fragment was cloned into pBluescript KS + and selected by hybridisation to poly(dC-dA).poly(dG-dT). The cloned fragment was designated Wis3. Sequencing was performed to determine primer sequences for the polymerase chain reaction. The predicted length of the amplified fragment was 90 bp. Primer Sequences: 5' GATCCAGTGGAGACTCAGAG 3' (CA strand); 5' TAGTCTCTGGGACACCCAGA 3' (GT strand). Frequency: Estimated from 58 chromosomes of unrelated CEPH family members. Observed heterozygosity = 0.76, PIC = 0.67 Allele (bp) Frequency Allele (bp) Frequency 100 0.017 90 0.328 98 0.086 88 0.310 94 0.259 Chromosomal Localization: Assigned to chromosome
Polarization sensitive optical elements using polysilane films (1988)

Polysilanes are long σ -bonded Si-backbone polymers with various organic side groups substituted onto each Si atom. Films and waveguides of high optical quality can be easily fabricated using conventional photoresist coating technology. These materials are transparent throughout the visible spectrum but have large ( α ≈ 25,000-cm −1 ) UV absorptions and large optical nonlinearities. Exposure of films of poly(di- n -hexylsilane) to weak doses of polarized UV light causes selective scission of chains with dipole moments aligned with the polarization of the exposing light, inducing a weak birefringence. Exposure to larger doses causes complete photovolitilization of the film. Higher birefringence from selective chain scission can be obtained using the large two-photon absorption observed in these materials [χ (3) for the process is ≈10 −10 esu]. Photoexposure at ≈15 MW/cm 2 with wavelengths corresponding to twice the UV absorption produces a birefringence proportional to exposure saturating at Δ n ≈ 0.03. No photovolitilization was observed; thus with films several microns thick, the exposed films could be used as waveplates with phase delays as large as λ /4. We have also used this two-photon-induced chain scission to produce polarization sensitive gratings using a standard holographic arrangement. Diffraction efficiencies as large as 1% were observed for light polarized parallel to the exposing radiation, while no diffraction was observed for orthogonally polarized light.
Electrophile tocopheryl quinones in apoptosis and mutagenesis: Thermochemolysis of thiol adducts with proteins and in cells (2003)

Electrophile tocopheryl quinones from the phenolic antioxidants gamma-tocopherol and delta-tocopherol form Michael adducts with the thiol nucleophile glutathione. These tocopheryl quinones are involved in cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and mutagenesis, and their biologic properties are associated with the depletion of intracellular thiols. We now show that both proteins and tissues treated with the electrophile gamma-tocopheryl quinone (gamma-TQ) form thiol adducts. The monoglutathion-S-yl derivative of gamma-TQ was subjected to thermochemolysis with the strong methylating base tetramethylammonium hydroxide. GC/MS showed four signature peaks and a fragmentation pattern characteristic of the thiol adduct. Similarly, pure monoglutathion-S-yl and diglutathion-S-yl derivatives of delta-TQ were subjected to thermochemolysis, and GC/MS showed characteristic fragmentation patterns for thiol adducts. The four signature peaks were identified when pure proteins with accessible thiol groups (hemoglobin and histone), FBS, and tissue culture medium and cell preparations were treated with gamma-TQ. Signature peaks in both complete medium and washed cells showed the presence of both soluble and insoluble thiol adducts. The effective or free arylating electrophile concentration in complete medium should always be evaluated in tissue culture studies. gamma-TQ is a mutagen but not a genotoxin; therefore, the histone adduct may be a previously unrecognized histone modification involved in chromatin dynamics leading to mutagenesis.
Residential ventilation and heat recovery with air-to-air heat exchangers (1985)

Abstract
Visual Pattern Recognition Models for Remote Sensing of Civil Infrastructure (2011)

As-built models have been proven useful in many project-related applications, such as progress monitoring and quality control. However, they are not widely produced in most projects because a lot of effort is still necessary to manually convert remote sensing data from photogrammetry or laser scanning to an as-built model. In order to automate the generation of as-built models, the first and fundamental step is to automatically recognize infrastructure-related elements from the remote sensing data. This paper outlines a framework for creating visual pattern recognition models that can automate the recognition of infrastructure-related elements based on their visual features. The framework starts with identifying the visual characteristics of infrastructure element types and numerically representing them using image analysis tools. The derived representations, along with their relative topology, are then used to form element visual pattern recognition (VPR) models. So far, the VPR models of four infrastructure-related elements have been created using the framework. The high recognition performance of these models validates the effectiveness of the framework in recognizing infrastructure-related elements.
Arginine Dysregulation and Myocardial Dysfunction in a Mouse Model and Children with Chronic Kidney Disease (2023)

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Arginine, the endogenous precursor for nitric oxide synthesis, is produced in the kidneys. Arginine bioavailability contributes to endothelial and myocardial dysfunction in CKD. Plasma from 129X1/SvJ mice with and without CKD (5/6th nephrectomy), and banked plasma from children with and without CKD were analyzed for amino acids involved in arginine metabolism, ADMA, and arginase activity. Echocardiographic measures of myocardial function were compared with plasma analytes. In a separate experiment, a non-specific arginase inhibitor was administered to mice with and without CKD. Plasma citrulline and glutamine concentrations correlated with multiple measures of myocardial dysfunction. Plasma arginase activity was significantly increased in CKD mice at 16 weeks vs. 8 weeks (<i>p</i> = 0.002) and ventricular strain improved after arginase inhibition in mice with CKD (<i>p</i> = 0.03). In children on dialysis, arginase activity was significantly increased vs. healthy controls (<i>p</i> = 0.04). Increasing ADMA correlated with increasing RWT in children with CKD (r = 0.54; <i>p</i> = 0.003). In a mouse model, and children, with CKD, arginine dysregulation correlates with myocardial dysfunction.
Organic oxalates. II. Formation of bibenzyls by pyrolysis of benzyl oxalates (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrganic oxalates. II. Formation of bibenzyls by pyrolysis of benzyl oxalatesWalter S. Trahanovsky, Ching Ching Ong, and John A. LawsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1968, 90, 11, 2839–2842Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01013a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01013a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views265Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Enone– and Chalcone–Chloroquinoline Hybrid Analogues: In Silico Guided Design, Synthesis, Antiplasmodial Activity, in Vitro Metabolism, and Mechanistic Studies (2011)

Analogues of the previously reported antimalarial hybrid compounds 8b and 12 were proposed with the aim of identifying compounds with improved solubility and retained antimalarial potency. In silico characterization predicted improved solubilities of the analogues, particularly at low pH; they retained acceptable predicted permeability properties but were predicted to be susceptible to hepatic metabolism. These analogues were synthesized and found to exhibit notable in vitro antimalarial activity. Compounds 25 and 27 were the most active of the analogues. In vitro metabolism studies indicated susceptibility of the analogues to hepatic metabolism. There was also evidence of primary glucuronidation for analogues 24-27. Presumed cis-trans isomerism of 12, 22, and 23 under in vitro metabolism assay conditions was also observed, with differences in the nature and rates of metabolism observed between isomers. Biochemical studies strongly suggested that inhibition of hemozoin formation is the primary mechanism of action of these analogues.
Iron-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Arylmagnesium Derivatives with Alkyl Halides (2005)

Although iron-catalyzed cross-coupling between arylmagnesium derivatives and alkyl halides has been previously described, the known methods did present some drawbacks. Here, the authors designed simpler conditions for this reaction as well as proved some mechanistic details of the process, important for its synthetic application. The protocol of this very synthetically important reaction is quite easy to perform.
Reliable General Purpose Dynamic Memory Management for Real (1994)

Traditional dynamic memory management techniques for imperative programming languages are unsuitable for reliable real-time applications because their worst-case time and space requirements are insufficiently bounded. This is demonstrated by detailed measurements of several real-world workloads. A special hardware-assisted real-time garbage collection system has been designed to facilitate reliable use of dynamic memory in hard real-time systems. By analyzing the dynamic memory use of application software, the real-time developer can prove compliance with time and space constraints. Analysis techniques are presented and the real-time performance of the hardware-assisted garbage collection system is compared to that of traditional allocators.