gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electroabsorptive modulators in InGaAs/AlGaAs (1991)

Theoretical and experimental work shows that electroabsorption improves and the quantum-confined Stark effect becomes stronger in In0.2Ga0.8As/AlxGa1−xAs quantum wells as the aluminum concentration (x) is increased in the barriers. This improved electroabsorption was used in a reflection modulator that exhibited the largest reported reflectivity change of 77%.
Matterhorn TLP Dry-Tree Production Risers (2004)

Abstract This paper describes the design, configuration, and in-service operation of the Matterhorn top tensioned, direct vertical access (DVA) production risers. This riser system represents the first application of DVA risers on a mono-column tension leg platform (TLP). The system incorporates many new features, including being the first system to be run with preinstalled VIV suppression fairings designed for the "cold core eddy" (CCE) submerged current phenomenon. Introduction The Total Matterhorn project is located in the Gulf of Mexico in Mississippi Canyon block 243. The platform has nine slots for DVA risers and is located in 2,820 ft. of water. The project was planned to utilize seven (7) risers and they have all been installed. Completion operations are on going and the platform is currently producing. The platform has processing facilities for 33,000 BOPD, 55 MMSCFD natural gas, 20,000 BWPD produced water, and 30,000 BWPD injection water. Production from the platform is carried away by steel catenary risers (SCR) 8" oil, 10" gas, and 6" water. The platform also provides five (5) porches for future connections of subsea tiebacks. Additional information on the platform can be found in OTC 16611 (Hurel, et al, 2004). The DVA riser system was designed, procured and constructed by Atlantia Offshore Limited. The risers were installed by Total with Atlantia's assistance. The subsea wellheads were pre-drilled from a semi-submersible drilling rig before platform installation. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the design, configuration, and new hardware developments that have contributed to the successful execution of the Matterhorn project. Well System Overview The Matterhorn project was designed to provide risers for one high pressure gas well, one gas well, one water injection well, and four oil production wells. The oil wells were also to be designed for gas lift. As the Matterhorn platform is a monocolumn TLP the inside diameter of the moon pool affects the overall size, and consequently the cost of the TLP hull. It was therefore a design objective to provide a compact and efficient use of the production deck space. For Matterhorn a 10'x10' spacing with a 3 × 3 grid was selected for the nine wellbays. With this arrangement, a 36' diameter moonpool was used. To optimize the riser design, it was decided to provide three different nominal riser sizes: 10 3/4", 9 7/8", and 9 5/8". The riser stack-up is shown in Figure 8, and is essentially the same for each riser size. Major components of the riser system are:Tieback connector (TBC)Tapered stress joint (TSJ)Lower cross-over jointAnode jointsStandard riser jointsFairing riser jointsUpper cross-over jointsKeel jointsSplash zone jointsTension jointsProduction Riser Tensioner (PRT)Top of hull and production deck roller assemblies During the design process, it was determined that common top and bottom joints could be used on each of the riser strings. This enabled quantities of the critical special joints to be increased, and therefore costs and spare parts interchangeability were improved.
What If There Are Only 30,000 Human Genes? (2001)

The complete assembly of the entire human genome sequence by
 Venter
 et al.
 confirms recent estimates that the total number of human protein coding genes might be less than 30,000--a mere one-third increase over the nematode
 Caenorhabditis elegans. Such a low gene number constitutes a paradigm change, which could drastically modify our understanding of organism complexity and evolution, as well as our current interpretation of transcriptome analyses. It may also have severe consequences on the long-term sustainability of the biomedical industry in the postgenomic era.
Pargyline‐induced myopathy with histochemical characteristics of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (1974)

In Sprague-Dawley rats, daily intraperitoneal injections of pargyline, a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, produces a myopathy with grouped lesions, excess connective tissue, and sarcoplasmic fluorescence by the Falck-Hillarp technique. The myopathy is prevented by prior denervation and appears to be slightly accentuated by prior aortic ligation. A possible mechanism is thought to be an intraneuronal or intrafibrillar, or both, accumulation of catecholamines, resulting in the release of excessive acetylcholine or other substances at the myoneural junction. The experiments support the possibility of a relationship between Duchenne muscular dystrophy and biogenic arnine metabolism by showing that pargyline produces a myopathy with the histopathologic: characteristics of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Magnetooptical Investigation of Hg<sub>1−<i>x</i></sub>Cd<sub><i>x</i></sub>Te Mixed Crystals. I. Semimetallic Configuration (1977)

Abstract Submillimeter resonance spectroscopy and interband magneto‐absorption are applied to the investigation of the Hg 1 − x Cd x Te alloys system in the range of composition x < 0.3. Magneto‐transmission measurements are performed at 4.2 K up to 60 kG in both the spectral regions (ħω < 16 meV and ħω > 120 meV), on identical unoriented samples, in the Faraday and Voigt geometries. Magnetooptical data are analyzed using the virtual crystal approximation. All interband and intraband magnetooptical transitions are interpreted in terms of Γ 6 and Γ 8 Landau levels described by the Pidgeon and Brown model. The Kane matrix element, the interaction gap, and the Luttinger parameters are determined for each alloy composition from the comparison between theory and experiments. Magnetooptics also provide information on the evolution of the resonant acceptor states with the composition.
Chemotherapy for Brain Tumors — A New Beginning (2005)

Primary brain tumors often resist treatment; the most common brain tumor in adults, glioblastoma, kills patients within a median of a year after diagnosis, even with aggressive surgical resection and radiotherapy. This dismal outcome has not substantially improved since the Brain Tumor Study Group published its results more than 25 years ago.1 Numerous phase 3 trials have attempted to demonstrate a better outcome with the addition of chemotherapy (usually with a nitrosourea drug) to radiotherapy, but a significant prolongation of survival has never been observed, despite treatments with a variety of agents and delivery systems. There was a suggestion that . . .
How to Kill Two Birds With One Transgenic Pig (2012)

Islet transplantation promises to provide safe, long-lasting insulin independence to individuals with diabetes. Yet the need for lifelong immunosuppression coupled with a vastly insufficient supply of donor tissue continues to prevent the widespread application of this approach to treating diabetes. A study (1) in this issue of Diabetes describes significant progress in addressing both of these issues.

Porcine islets have long been touted as a potentially unlimited source of transplantable islet tissue. Porcine and human insulin are highly homologous, and until the late 1970s, with the advent of recombinant protein technology, porcine insulin was routinely injected into humans with diabetes. However, the transplantation of porcine tissue has not proven to be so straightforward. Over the past decade, nonhuman primate studies demonstrated that a strong immunosuppression protocol was required to avoid rejection of porcine islet xenografts (2,3). Consequently, although the use of porcine islets would overcome the issue of tissue supply, their use would be tantamount to patients trading insulin injections for strong immunosuppression—not an attractive clinical solution for many.

In the current study, Klymiuk et al. (1) developed transgenic pigs that express an immunomodulatory fusion protein under the control of the insulin promoter. These animals produce the immunosuppressant protein locally upon activation of the insulin promoter within β-cells, but do not appear systemically immunosuppressed, …
Dual-V<inf>th</inf> based double-edge explicit-pulsed level-converting flip-flops (2011)

Clustered voltage scaling (CVS) systems is an efficient power reduction technique. One of the design challenges in CVS is the efficient level-converting flip-flop (LCFF) with less overhead in power and delay. In this paper, a level converting flip-flop based pass-transisor logic (LCFFBPT) and a static level converting flip-flop (SLCFF) are proposed, respectively. In addition, the two level-converting flip-flops can leverage availability of a second V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> to maintain good speed characteristics and less leakage power consumption. In the terms of the power delay product (PDP), based on simulation results using HSPICE in 45nm CMOS technology, the proposed flip-flops exhibit up to 68% reduction compared to existing level-converting flip-flops.
Greenport Venlo vraagt om grote verhalen en kleine vernieuwingen (2013)

Noord-Limburg met Venlo is een voorbeeld van een regio die goed in weet te spelen op het Europese en nationale beleid voor regionale ontwikkeling. De ambities zijn hoog. Greenport Venlo wil de toegevoegde waarde van de agribusiness verdubbelen van 1 naar 2 miljard euro. Dat roept de vraag op hoe de veranderingen precies verlopen. Of ze het gevolg zijn van een vooraf bepaalde beleidsmatige aanpak of dat er andere mechanismen spelen. Het kennisbasisproject Regionale Transities probeert daar een beeld van te krijgen.
Enantioseparation of benzofurys and other novel psychoactive compounds by CE and sulfobutylether β‐cyclodextrin as chiral selector added to the BGE (2014)

The illicit drug market of psychoactive substances for human abuse is continuously expanding and developing. Besides already known substance classes like cathinones, amphetamines or synthetic cannabinoids, further derivatives such as benzofurys, thiophenes, and structural analogues of methylphenidate entered the global market recently. As many of these new compounds contain a stereogenic centre it is supposed that their isomers may differ in their pharmacological effects as it is the case with amphetamines or several chiral active pharmaceutical ingredients, for instance. In the course of this study, a method for the chiral separation of a set of 16 recreational drugs by CE was developed. The aim was to separate the analytes into their enantiomers at equal conditions within short time. Sulfobutylether β-cyclodextrin served as chiral selector in an aqueous ammonium acetate solution containing ACN. For method optimization, methedrone and ethylphenidate were used as model compounds to find the appropriate concentration of chiral selector. Moreover, the influence of the pH value on enantioseparation was tested. Fourteen or 16 mM sulfobutylether β-cyclodextrin, 50 mM ammonium acetate solution (pH 4.5) with 10% ACN were found to be optimal for enantioseparation of seven benzofurys, four cathinones, two diphenidines, ethylphenidate, methiopropamine, and thiothinone. Most of them were baseline resolved at migration times below 25 min.
Strengthening of Glass and Pyroceram With Hydrophobic Coatings (2003)

The objective of this study was to determine whether significant improvements in strength of soda-lime glass and Pyroceram 9606 could be obtained by applying thin hydrophobic coatings. Soda-lime glass slides were coated with a few different hydrophobic compounds (containing organosilicon groups) and then subjected to strength tests in flexure. The glass slides were acid etched to remove surface defects and to slightly mimic the outer fortified surface of Pyroceram. A hydrophobic coating of octadecyl dimethylchlorosilane on soda-lime glass slides led to doubling or more of the strength. The increase in strength is attributed to a reduced role of stress corrosion cracking that is promoted by moisture at the surface. Similar hydrophobic treatments were not effective on Pyroceram bars. Thick was coatings on dry Pyroceram surfaces were successful at improving the strength by about 40%, similar to the effects of dipping in silicone oil.
Soap Ingredients as Retarders in Butadiene-Styrene Copolymerization (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSoap Ingredients as Retarders in Butadiene-Styrene CopolymerizationJ. W. Wilson and E. S. PfauCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1948, 40, 3, 530–534Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1948https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50459a043RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views70Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (659 KB) Get e-Alerts
A Pilot Study of Opinion Summarization in Conversations (2011)

This paper presents a pilot study of opinion summarization on conversations. We create a corpus containing extractive and abstractive summaries of speaker’s opinion towards a given topic using 88 telephone conversations. We adopt two methods to perform extractive summarization. The first one is a sentence-ranking method that linearly combines scores measured from different aspects including topic relevance, subjectivity, and sentence importance. The second one is a graph-based method, which incorporates topic and sentiment information, as well as additional information about sentence-to-sentence relations extracted based on dialogue structure. Our evaluation results show that both methods significantly outperform the baseline approach that extracts the longest utterances. In particular, we find that incorporating dialogue structure in the graph-based method contributes to the improved system performance. 1
NetIntel: A Database for Manipulation of Rich Social Network Data (2005)

Abstract : There is a pressing need to automatically collect data on social systems as rich network data, analyze such systems to find hidden relations and groups, prune the datasets to locate regions of interest, locate key actors, characterize the structure, locate points of vulnerability, and simulate change in a system as it evolves naturally or in response to strategic interventions over time or under certain impacts, including modification of data. To meet this challenge, we need to develop a new mechanism for storing and manipulating social structure data. Social structure data will be stored in a relational database capable of manipulating large quantities of data. The database is structured to preserve the character and integrity of the data in an extensible manner, and is extended with a number of functions specifically designed for manipulating graph-based data.
Poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) XPS Reference Core Level and Energy Loss Spectra (2005)

XPS measurements of poly(dimethyl siloxane) recorded with a SSX-100 spectrometer in standardized experimental conditions are presented: survey scan, high resolution core level spectra as well as the energy loss regions of carbon, oxygen, and silicon peaks are analyzed. This is part of a contract work aiming to record spectra in the very same conditions of some 40 different polymers.
Thermally recoverable crosslinked polyethylene (1997)

The thermal recovery of the stored stress in crosslinked polyethylene has been commercially exploited in the preparation of heat shrinkable materials. The study on thermally recoverable crosslinked polyethylene compositions is reported in this paper. Thermally recoverable compositions were prepared by cross-linking of four grades of polyethylenes in air using γ-rays from a Co-60 source. The effect of the irradiation dose on the gel fraction and radiation dose to gelation is studied. The effect of the melt index (MI) and the density of the polyethylene on the gel fraction, radiation dose to gelation, and recovery percentage of the stored stress is also studied. It is observed that the gel fraction is higher in case of the lower MI material and that rate of recovery is higher at higher temperatures. The rate of recovery of the stored stress is higher in case of the 100 kGy irradiated sample. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 64: 823–829, 1997.
The effect of phenylethanolamine n-methyltransferase concentration and species difference on the inhibitory potency of SK&F 64139. (1977)

We have found that the potency of SK&F 64139 in inhibiting rabbit adrenal phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) is a function of protein concentration when high concentrations of the latter are employed. At lower enzyme levels, however, the degree of inhibition produced by the drug becomes independent of PNMT, allowing for the proper calculation of an inhibition constant. The Ki for the compound under these circumstances was 3 nM. Inhibitor dissociation constants within the same order of magnitude were subsequently obtained using the adrenal enzyme obtained from the rat, cow, dog, human and squirrel monkey. These data provide evidence that the PNMT receptor sites for SK&F 64139 do not differ substantially from species to species and suggest the general utility of this drug as an inhibitor of adrenal epinephrine biosynthesis.
Characters of Rachis and Grain within Different Spike Parts in Spike Hetero Branching Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (2012)

Spike hetero branching wheat (Triticum aestivum) (SHBW) has one main rachis, but has branched rachises at lower parts of main rachis. This type of spike could increase greatly grain number by bearing grain in branching rachis. In this study, field experiments were conducted at three locations in Huanghuai wheat zone during two growing seasons (2008-2010). The rachises length, node number, grain number, and grain weight were investigated within five different spikes parts. The results showed that the proportion of the length of upper no-branching part to that of lower branching part within the main rachis varied from 0.49-0.99; The coefficient of variations (CVs) of main rachis length, node number within main rachis and grain number and thousand grain weight within the upper part of main rachis were 9.78%, 8.49%, 21.73% and 17.32%, respectively, but CVs of these traits within the branched rachises were 54.45%, 37.21%, 36.80%, and 19.45%, respectively. This indicated that the morphological characters within branched rachises were more easily influenced by external environments. Grain number in the whole spike and average branched rachises length were unstable under various environments and the two traits should be regarded as the main choice factors in future breeding selection in SHBW.
Lymphocyte responses to influenza and tetanus toxoid in vitro following intensive exercise and carbohydrate ingestion on consecutive days (2005)

The effect of carbohydrate (CHO) ingestion on antigen- (rather than mitogen-) stimulated T-cell responses to prolonged, intensive exercise may give a more realistic insight into the effect of CHO on T-cell functional capacity and subsequent infection risk. This study investigated the effect of CHO ingestion during prolonged, intensive exercise on influenza- and tetanus toxoid-stimulated T-cell cytokine mRNA expression and proliferation. Mitogen- [phytohemagglutinin (PHA)] stimulated proliferation was assessed for comparison. Responses were assessed following exercise on consecutive mornings to determine any carryover effect. Fifteen male games players performed two exercise trials in a double-blind, randomized, crossover design. Each trial comprised 90 min of intensive, intermittent running on consecutive mornings, with either CHO (6.4% wt/vol) or placebo (PLA) beverage ingestion before, during, and after each bout of exercise. Postexercise CD3(+) cell counts were higher in PLA than CHO on both days (P < 0.05). Antigen-stimulated T-cell cytokine mRNA expression was unaffected by exercise or CHO ingestion. Before exercise on day 2, T-cell proliferative responses to PHA, influenza, and tetanus toxoid were higher in CHO than PLA by 99, 80, and 58%, respectively (P < 0.01 for PHA, P < 0.05 for influenza and tetanus toxoid). At 1 h postexercise on day 2, PHA-induced proliferation was 70% higher in CHO than PLA (P < 0.05), yet there were no differences between trials for antigen-induced proliferative responses. Therefore, mitogen-induced T-cell proliferation following strenuous exercise and CHO does not necessarily reflect responses to specific antigens and, consequently, may not provide a good model for the situation in vivo.
Biochemical Properties of Purified Recombinant Human β-Carotene 15,15′-Monooxygenase (2002)

Beta-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase (BCO), formerly known as beta-carotene 15,15'-dioxygenase, catalyzes the first step in the synthesis of vitamin A from dietary carotenoids. We have biochemically and enzymologically characterized the purified recombinant human BCO enzyme. A highly active BCO enzyme was expressed and purified to homogeneity from baculovirus-infected Spodoptera frugiperda 9 insect cells. The K(m) and V(max) of the enzyme for beta-carotene were 7 microm and 10 nmol retinal/mg x min, respectively, values that corresponded to a turnover number (k(cat)) of 0.66 min(-1) and a catalytic efficiency (k(cat)/K(m)) of approximately 10(5) m(-1) x min(-1). The enzyme existed as a tetramer in solution, and substrate specificity analyses suggested that at least one unsubstituted beta-ionone ring half-site was imperative for efficient cleavage of the carbon 15,15'-double bond in carotenoid substrates. High levels of BCO mRNA were observed along the whole intestinal tract, in the liver, and in the kidney, whereas lower levels were present in the prostate, testis, ovary, and skeletal muscle. The current data suggest that the human BCO enzyme may, in addition to its well established role in the digestive system, also play a role in peripheral vitamin A synthesis from plasma-borne provitamin A carotenoids.
Ideally Pseudocapacitive Behavior of Amorphous Hydrous Cobalt-Nickel Oxide Prepared by Anodic Deposition (2002)

Binary hydrous cobalt-nickel oxide with an amorphous structure (denoted as anodically deposited from a solution with its Co:Ni ratio of 4:6 and pH 8.0 exhibited a very large pseudocapacitance of ca. in 1 M NaOH. The electrochemical reversibility of this material was examined at various charging-discharging currents in 1 M NaOH with different temperatures. This binary hydrous oxide exhibiting ideally pseudocapacitive behavior (i.e., high reversibility, high specific capacitance, and high power property) has been demonstrated to be a potential candidate for the application of electrochemical supercapacitors. The morphology and rough nature of this deposit were demonstrated through means of atomic force microscopy. © 2002 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.