gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Luteinizing Hormone Activity in Plasma during the Menstrual Cycle (1967)

Daily determinations of luteinizing hormone activity in plasma throughout a menstrual cycle in ten young women showed a sharp peak of activity lasting less than 48 hours around midcycle and higher mean values during the follicular phase than during the luteal phase in nine instances.
Cdk5/p25nck5a interaction with synaptic proteins in bovine brain (2000)

Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) exists in large multimeric complexes, but its function and binding partners in these complexes are unclear. We explored these issues by chromatographic and immunochemical analyses of Cdk5 and p25(nck5a) (a neuronal Cdk5 activator) and their associated proteins from bovine brain. Mono-S column enzyme eluates were divided into three fractions and analyzed by gel filtration. The majority of p25(nck5a) from Mono-S fractions I, II, and III eluted from the gel filtration column at approximately 60, 200, and 400 kDa, respectively, and Cdk5 was abundant in fractions >400 kDa. We characterized these macromolecular structures by immunoprecipitating p25(nck5a), followed by a second immunoprecipitation of remaining unbound proteins using a Cdk5 antibody. The p25(nck5a) immunoprecipitates showed association with Cdk5. Amphiphysin was detected in the 400-kDa complex and synapsin I in the >400 kDa structure. The Cdk5 immunoprecipitates, however, revealed abundant retained Cdk5 but no remaining p25(nck5a), indicating that Cdk5 in macromolecular structures is mostly unassociated with p25(nck5a). Thus, we demonstrate: an amphiphysin-associated 400-kDa Cdk5/p25(nck5a) complex, a synapsin I-associated >400-kDa Cdk5/p25(nck5a) complex, and nck5a-free Cdk5 complexes (200 to >400 kDa). Amphiphysin acts as a Cdk5/p25(nck5a) substrate in the 400-kDa complex and we speculate that Cdk5/p25(nck5a) participates in amphiphysin-mediated endocytosis.
Progress in rare-earth-doped nanocrystalline glass-ceramics for laser cooling (2016)

Laser cooling with anti-Stokes fluorescencewas predicted by Pringsheim in 1929, but for solids was only demonstrated in 1995. There are many difficulties which have hindered laser assisted cooling, principally the chemical purity of a sample and the availability of suitable hosts. Recent progress has seen the cooled temperature plummet to 93K in Yb:YLF. One of the challenges for laser cooling to become ubiquitous, is incorporating the rare-earthcooling ion in a more easily engineered material, rather than a pure crystalline host. Rare-earth-doped nanocrystalline glass-ceramics were first developed by Wang and Ohwaki for enhanced luminescence and mechanical properties compared to their parent glasses. Our work has focused on creating a nanocrystalline environment for the cooling ion, in an easy to engineer glass. The glasses with composition 30SiO<sub>2</sub>-15Al<sup>2</sup>O<sub>3</sub>-27CdF<sub>2</sub>-22PbF<sub>2</sub>-4YF<sub>3</sub>-2YbF<sub>3</sub> (mol%), have been prepared by the conventional melt-quenching technique. By a simple post fabrication thermal treatment, the rare-earth ions are embedded in the crystalline phase within the glass matrix. Nanocrystals with various sizes and rare-earth concentrations have been fabricated and their photoluminescence properties assessed in detail. These materials show close to unity photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) when pumped above the band. However, they exhibit strong up-conversion into the blue, characteristic of Tm trace impurity whose presence was confirmed. The purification of the starting materials is underway to reduce the background loss to demonstrate laser cooling. Progress in the development of these nano-glass-ceramics and their experimental characterization will be discussed.
Columnar Liquid Crystalline Imidazolium Salts: Self-Organized One-Dimensional Ion Conductors (2007)

A series of columnar liquid crystalline (LC) imidazolium tetrafluoroborate salts, l-methyl-3-{3,4,5- tris(alkyloxy)-benzyl}imidazolium tetrafluoroborate (Im-n; n = 6-18), where n is the carbon number of the aliphatic alkyl chains, have been prepared and studied as anisotropic ion-conductors. Their self-assembled structures in the fluid columnar LC states have been examined by X-ray diffraction measurements. In the columnar phases, the imidazolium portions self-assemble into the inner part of the columns through nano-segregation between the ionic and non-ionic parts driven by electrostatic interactions. The columns can be oriented macroscopieally in two directions by different methods: the direction parallel to a glass surface by mechanical shearing; the direction perpendicular to the modified surface of a glass substrate with 3-(aminopropyl)triethoxysilane. Anisotropic ionic conductivities have been measured for columnar ionic liquids Im-8 and Im-12 that are aligned parallel to the surface of the glass substrate. These columnar ionic liquids have been found to function as one-dimensional ion-conductors.
A coiled-coil motif that sequesters ions to the hydrophobic core (2009)

Most core residues of coiled coils are hydrophobic. Occasional polar residues are thought to lower stability, but impart structural specificity. The coiled coils of trimeric autotransporter adhesins (TAAs) are conspicuous for their large number of polar residues in position d of the core, which often leads to their prediction as natively unstructured regions. The most frequent residue, asparagine (N@d), can occur in runs of up to 19 consecutive heptads, frequently in the motif [I/V]xxNTxx. In the Salmonella TAA, SadA, the core asparagines form rings of interacting residues with the following threonines, grouped around a central anion. This conformation is observed generally in N@d layers from trimeric coiled coils of known structure. Attempts to impose a different register on the motif show that the asparagines orient themselves specifically into the core, even against conflicting information from flanking domains. When engineered into the GCN4 leucine zipper, N@d layers progressively destabilized the structure, but zippers with 3 N@d layers still folded at high concentration. We propose that N@d layers maintain the coiled coils of TAAs in a soluble, export-competent state during autotransport through the outer membrane. More generally, we think that polar motifs that are both periodic and conserved may often reflect special folding requirements, rather than an unstructured state of the mature proteins.
Rab6‐Mediated Retrograde Transport Regulates Inner Nuclear Membrane Targeting of Caveolin‐2 in Response to Insulin (2012)

Here, we have identified a retrograde transport pathway of caveolin-2 (cav-2) for its regulatory function in the nucleus. Confocal microscopy analysis, photoactivation experiments and subcellular fractionation revealed that cav-2 localized in the Golgi was transported to the inner nuclear membrane (INM) in response to insulin. Exogenous caveolin-1 (cav-1) and P132L-cav-1 expression did not affect the Golgi localization and insulin-induced INM targeting of cav-2. Cav-2(DKV) mutant in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) was unable to translocate to the INM in response to insulin. The GTP-bound form of Rab6 promoted, but Rab6 siRNA and the GDP-bound form of Rab6 abrogated, retrograde trafficking of cav-2 from the Golgi to ER. Colchicine or nocodazole treatment abolished insulin-induced INM targeting of cav-2. Knock down of gp210 inhibited insulin-induced import of cav-2 from ER/outer nuclear membrane (ONM) to the INM. The INM-targeted cav-2 prevented heterochromatinization and promoted transcriptional activation of Elk-1 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). The results provide molecular mechanisms for insulin-induced INM translocation of cav-2 initiated (i) by Golgi-to-ER retrograde trafficking of cav-2 via microtubule-based Rab6-GTP-dependent transport and subsequently processed (ii) by gp210-mediated import of cav-2 from ER/ONM to INM.
Detection of Malondialdehyde DNA Adducts in Human Colorectal Mucosa (2002)

Colorectal biopsies from normal mucosa of participants in the United Kingdom Flexible Sigmoidoscopy Trial and European Prospective Investigation on Cancer (EPIC; n = 162) were analyzed for the presence of malondialdehyde-deoxyguanosine (M1-dG), a DNA adduct derived from lipid peroxidation. The aim was to investigate whether dietary factors can modulate M1-dG levels and whether M1-dG in normal mucosa is a risk factor for colorectal adenomas. Samples were analyzed using a sensitive immunoslot blot assay. This study has shown for the first time that M1-dG is present in human colorectal tissue. M1-dG levels ranged from undetectable ( n = 13) to 12.23 per 107 total bases. Mean levels were 4.3 ± 3 and 4.6 ± 2.9 per 107 total bases in men and women, respectively. In men, there were positive associations of adduct levels with height and age, and inverse associations with body mass index. Legumes, fruit, salad, and whole meal bread were inversely associated with M1-dG adducts, whereas consumption of offal, white meat, beer, and alcohol were positively associated with elevated levels. In women, there was an inverse association of the adduct with the ratio of polyunsaturated:saturated fatty acids ( P = 0.019) and a weak positive correlation with saturated fat ( P < 0.061). When levels of adducts were compared in individuals with and without adenomas, there was a trend for higher levels in individuals presenting with adenomas especially in the highest category of M1-dG adducts ( P < 0.005).
Effects of high-intensity electron bombardment on the secondary-emission characteristics of a MgO/Au-cermet film (1977)

An experiment to determine the durability of a 75 MgO/25 Au-cermet film secondary-emission cathode has been carried out over a period of 4000 h. A 2-keV electron beam of 2 A/cm2 current density was applied to a single spot and the secondary-electron-yield curve was monitored at regular intervals. To determine changes in chemical composition, Auger analysis was carried out with the same electron beam. Results of these tests indicated a decrease in maximum yield from 8.4 to 3.7 and a corresponding increase in the first crossover energy of 16 to 25 eV. Inspection of the relative intensities of the Auger spectral lines revealed that both Au and Mg increased relative to 0, with the Au line showing a steady increase during the first 500 h and then leveling off after 1500 h for the remainder of the testing period. The discovery of an apparent Au deficiency in the outer layers of the film is in accord with the initially high yield and the expected differential sputtering effects during argon sputter etching prior to the experiment. A surface profilometer measurement indicated that a crater of approximately 500 Å in depth was etched during the bombardment.
REPLY TO COMMENTS ON "SYMMETRIC ACROLEUKOPATHY IN MOTHER AND DAUGHTER" (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> In regard to the comment of Drs. Saunders and Hu (<i>Arch Derm</i><b>93</b>:261, 1966) that hyperpigmented areas adjacent to the depigmented ones can be seen on the toes shown in Fig 4 (case 2;<i>Arch Derm</i><b>92</b>:172, 1965), we assure you that there are no hyperpigmented areas on the surrounding regions. Normally distributed, dopa-negative clear cells were found in the basal layer of depigmented areas in sections counterstained with hemotoxylin and eosin. Although we did not show any direct evidence for the presence of melanocytes in the depigmented areas with specific techniques, it is our opinion that basal clear cells are epidermal melanocytes themselves. This opinion is supported by massive data found in sections of vitiliginous lesions stained with a modified silver impregnation of Suzuki, osmiumiodide, and methylene blue supravital staining technique.
Subcellular IR Imaging of a Metal–Carbonyl Moiety Using Photothermally Induced Resonance (2010)

Heiße Sache: Eine photothermische Resonanztechnik, für die ein AFM-Mikroskop mit einem durchstimmbaren IR-Pulslaser gekoppelt wird, ergibt lokale IR-Spektren aus dem Zellinneren. Ein in die Zellen eingebrachter Metallcarbonylkomplex wurde anhand der charakteristischen Signatur für seine {Re(CO)3}-Einheit im lokalen IR-Spektrum des Zellkerns nachgewiesen.
Ring currents in wholly inorganic heteropoly blue complexes. Evaluation by a modification of Evans' susceptibility method (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRing currents in wholly inorganic heteropoly blue complexes. Evaluation by a modification of Evans' susceptibility methodMariusz. Kozik, Nieves. Casan-Pastor, Charles F. Hammer, and Louis C. W. BakerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 23, 7697–7701Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00231a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00231a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views569Altmetric-Citations79LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Bubble plume echoes from convergence zone ranges. (1992)

Surface reverberation from bubble plumes at long ranges (one or two convergence zones) is modeled by combining a Born approximation scatter model [McDonald, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 89, 617–622 (1990)], which has given agreement with surface backscatter data at close ranges (much less than a convergence zone), and an efficient method for coupling the scattering and propagation aspects of the problem [Collins and Werby, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 85, 1895–1902 (1989)]. A signal from a point source near the surface is propagated through a realistically refractive ocean to convergence, where it incoherently insonifies a set of bubble plumes. These are represented as vertically aligned cylindrical patches containing a sound-speed defect that diminishes exponentially with depth. For low frequencies (on the order of 100 Hz), the hypothesis that backscatter is due almost entirely to deeply entrained bubbles, likely resulting from Langmuir circulation cells, is examined.
Immunohistochemical Localization of Mineralocorticoid Receptor in Human Gut. (1991)

Immunohistochemical localization of mineralocorticoid receptor in the human adult gut was examined by using a polyclonal antibody raised against a mineralocorticoid receptor fusion protein. Immunoreactive staining was observed in columnar cells in the middle of the intestinal glands of the proximal colon, but not in goblet cells. Western blot analysis also revealed the presence of an approximately 100 kDa immunoreactive species consistent with the mineralocorticoid receptor protein in the ascending colon as well as the kidney. These results suggest that aldosterone-sensitive sodium transport and water absorption may be mainly carried out in the proximal colon in human adult gut at non-pathological state.
Development of Versatile Micro Robot for Microscopic Operation (4th report) (2007)

In this paper, we describe improvement of compensation sequence and results of the motion compensation for the versatile micro robot. In order to provide microscopic operation, the unique locomotion mechanism which is composed of four piezoelectric actuators and two electromagnets is proposed. Here two legs arranged on cross each other are connected by four piezoelectric actuators so that it can move in any directions, i.e. in X and Y directions as well as rotate at the specified point precisely with the manner of an inchworm. Moreover the combination of particular wave forms of piezoelectric actuators can provide “arc trajectory motion with facing center”, that is important for the micro manipulator to keep its tip end within the microscopic view area. In previous report, we have proposed the competitive compensation method supported by CCD camera based tracking system and confirmed the effectiveness from several experiments. However, we have also confirmed that we could not compensate straight motions in forward, back, right and left directions because of the assembling error of the four piezoelectric actuators and two electromagnets. In this report, we propose the unique mechanistic model which allows the assembling error to improve the compensation method. In the compensation experiments, we succeed in reducing the motion errors and confirm the effectiveness of newly developed compensation method. The design procedure, basic performance and biomedical application of this tiny robot are also discussed to open the new field for micro-robotics in precision region.
Brief-Mass Transfer in Packed Towers (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTJ Tierney, L Stustman, and R DalleaderCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1954, 46, 8, 45Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1954Publication History Published online6 October 2008Published inissue 1 August 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50536a503https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50536a503research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Calibration and Validation of a 6-DOF Laser Propelled Lightcraft Flight Dynamics Model vs. Experimental Data (2008)

A detailed description is provided of the flight dynamics model and development, as well as the procedures used and results obtained in the verification, validation, and calibration of a further refined, flight dynamics system model for a laser lightcraft. The full system model is composed of individual aerodynamic, engine, laser beam, variable vehicle inertial, and 6 DOF dynamics models which have been integrated to represent all major phenomena in a consistent framework. The resulting system level model and associated code was then validated and calibrated using experimental flight information from a 16 flight trajectory data base. This model and code are being developed for the purpose of providing a physics‐based predictive tool, which may be used to evaluate the performance of proposed future lightcraft vehicle concepts, engine systems, beam shapes, and active control strategies, thereby aiding in the development of the next generation of laser propelled lightcraft. This paper describes the methods used for isolating the effects of individual component models (e.g. beam, engine, dynamics, etc.) so that the performance of each of these key components could be assessed and adjusted as necessary. As the individual component models were validated, a protocol was developed which permitted the investigators to focus on individual aspects of the system and thereby identify phenomena which explain system behavior, and account for observed deviations between portions of the simulation predictions from experimental flights. These protocols are provided herein, along with physics‐based explanations for deviations observed.
Microstructural evolution and intermetallic formation in Zn-Mg hybrids processed by High-Pressure Torsion (2018)

High-pressure torsion (HPT) was used to investigate the synthesis of Zn-Mg hybrids by direct bonding of separate disks of Zn and Mg at room temperature under an applied pressure of 6.0 GPa after 1, 5, 15 and 30 turns. Microstructural characterisation of the HPT-processed disks showed the formation of a sub-micron multilayered structure embedded in a Zn-rich matrix with an average grain size of ∼ 600 nm at the disk periphery after 30 turns. XRD and TEM analysis revealed the presence of MgZn2 and Mg2Zn11 intermetallic compounds, which increased in volume fractions with increasing number of turns. The formation of these intermetallics, together with Hall-Petch strengthening, led to an exceptional increase of the hardness values after 15 turns. Electrochemical testing in simulated body fluid showed that the degree of plastic deformation had an impact on the corrosion resistance of the Zn-Mg hybrids, which would affect their implementation in the biomedical field for absorbable applications. This study confirmed that there is significant potential for using HPT in the joining of dissimilar metals at room temperature to form Zn-Mg hybrids containing ultrafine-grained metal-matrix heterostructures with enhanced hardness.
Cloning and sequence analysis of the rpsL and rpsG genes of Mycobacterium smegmatis and characterization of mutations causing resistance to streptomycin (1994)

The Mycobacterium smegmatis rpsL and rpsG genes, encoding the ribosomal proteins S12 and S7, were cloned, and their DNA sequence was determined. The third nucleotide of the S12 termination codon overlapped the first nucleotide of the S7 translation initiation codon. A collection of 28 spontaneous streptomycin-resistant mutants of M. smegmatis were isolated. All had single-base-pair substitutions in the rpsL gene which were changed to a streptomycin-sensitive phenotype by complementation with a low-copy-number plasmid carrying the wild-type M. smegmatis rpsL gene. A total of eight different mutations were found in two specific regions of the rpsL gene. Fifty-seven percent (16 of 28) altered the Lys codon at position 43. Forty-six percent of the mutations (13 of 28) were due to a transition changing an AAG Lys codon to an AGG Arg codon, with eight changes at codon 43 and five at codon 88.
Fusing IGBT-Based Inverters (2001)

Abstract. The number of applications based on the dc-link voltage source converter is in a continuous growth. Due to the fact that the power level increases more energy is stored in the dc-link. Even with an active protection, a high power IGBT still has a risk of exhibiting a violent rupture in the case of a fault. In order to avoid the rupture a possible solution is to use a fuse protection of the converter. From failure analysis of a three-phase inverter, a dc-link location for fuses might assure a protection against all faults. Experiments made with 400 A, 1200 V IGBT switches show that rupture can be avoided by the use of high-speed fuse protection. The problem of added inductance in existing High-Speed Fuses is discussed, and new IGBT Typower fuses in the dc-link circuit are treated. Finally, some considerations about current distribution in dc-link fuses and spectral analysis of these currents are discussed when high-frequency components are present in the current.