gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A novel integrated acoustic gas and temperature sensor (2002)

Acoustic temperature sensors have the advantages of a high-resolution frequency output and ease of integration with other acoustic sensors but require hermetic packaging to prevent sensor contamination. Surface-skimming bulk-wave (SSBW) devices have been found to be much less sensitive to surface contamination than other acoustic devices, and although their temperature response has been studied extensively, they have not been studied specifically as temperature sensors. Surface acoustic wave (SAW) based chemical sensors requiring temperature measurement or control are susceptible to temperature measurement error because the temperature cannot be measured in the same location as the chemical sensor. The objectives of this work were to examine the temperature characteristics and performance of a SSBW temperature sensor when integrated with a SAW condensation and humidity sensor in a novel design. The SSBW temperature sensor had over an order of magnitude less sensitivity to condensation and water uptake in certain polyimide films than an integrated SAW gas sensor indicating that this design is practical for sensing films in the delay path where film thickness is carefully considered.
Standoff Detection of Chemical and Biological Substances using Laser Induced Fluorescence Technique (2014)

Laser based standoff detection methods are convenient to investigate unknown/hazardous chemical or biological aerosol clouds at a safe distance in order to trigger further counteractions if necessary. Classification and localization of such clouds can be provided by laser induced fluorescence (LIF). At Lampoldshausen the German Aerospace Center (DLR) operates a 135 m long laser test range, where LIF measurements on aerosols, liquids, and solids can be performed. Fluorescence light of test material, which is illuminated by a laser source with UV wavelengths, is collected by a telescope and analyzed spectrally as well as time resolved by means of a gated spectrograph. LIF measurements on liquids and aerosols at a distance of 22 m show adequate fluorescence signal strength with a good signal to noise ratio. The data analysis has the ability to distinguish between biological and chemical material with a good prediction confidence level.
Abstract 55: Recruitment of Ly6Chigh Monocytes is Required for the Enhancement of Anti-inflammatory (M2) Macrophage Phenotype in Atherosclerosis Regression in vivo (2013)

Regression of atherosclerotic lesions is an important clinical goal. We’ve reported several mouse models of atherosclerosis regression in which an improvement of plasma lipoprotein profiles results in a rapid reduction of lesion macrophage content. Another common feature was a dramatic phenotypic enrichment of plaque CD68+ cells (macrophages) in markers of the anti-inflammatory (M2) state. Here, we investigate the origin of M2 macrophages in regression by modifying our aortic transplantation model to include recipients whose monocytes lack the major receptors responsible for their recruitment into tissues. Aortic arches from hyperlipidemic apoE -/- mice were transplanted into CCR2 -/- , CX3CR1 -/- , or CCR5 -/- mice, in addition to WT and apoE -/- controls. Macrophage marker CD68 + area quantification data showed that the lack of CCR2 or CX3CR1 in transplant recipients blocked regression despite the reversal of dyslipidemia, while CCR5 deficiency had no effect. Since inflammation-prone Ly6C high monocytes require both CCR2 and CX3CR1 to enter atherosclerotic lesions, our results suggest that the recruitment of new Ly6C high monocytes is required for regression. Furthermore, CCR2 -/- and CX3CR1 -/- recipients lacked M2 macrophages in atherosclerotic lesions, suggesting that the M2 macrophages in regression are derived from the recruitment of Ly6C high monocytes. Finally, we tested if M2 enrichment in regression follows the classical IL/4-STAT6 pathway by using STAT6 -/- mice as transplant recipients. The lack of STAT6 not only prevented upregulation of M2 markers, but also resulted in impaired lesion regression. In conclusion , we showed that newly recruited Ly6C high monocytes give rise to the anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages under regression conditions in a STAT6-dependent manner, and that both the recruitment of new cells and a functioning STAT6 pathway are also required for atherosclerosis regression. The results argue against the possibility that M1 macrophages repolarize to the M2 phenotype under regression conditions in vivo and support the notion that regression is not a rewinding of progression, but requires the participation of newly recruited inflammation-prone monocytes that in this context promote the resolution of inflammation.
Animal models of inflammatory bowel disease (1998)

Published bimonthly and offering a unique and wide ranging perspective on the key developments in the field, each issue of Current Opinion in Gastroenterology features hand-picked review articles from our team of expert editors. With twelve disciplines published across the year – including gastrointestinal infections, nutrition and inflammatory bowel disease – every issue also contains annotated references detailing the merits of the most important papers.
ChemInform Abstract: PROSTAGLANDIN CHEMISTRY. PART XVIII. HALOGENATION OF PGI2 ENOL ETHER WITH N‐HALOSUCCINIMIDE: SYNTHESIS OF NEW STABLE PGI2 ANALOGS, 5‐CHLORO‐, AND 5,7‐DICHLORO‐PGI2 (1983)

Abstract Aus den geschützten PGI2‐Methylestern (I) entstehen mit den N‐Halogensuccinimiden neben den Halogenierungsprodukten (II) und (III) die Succinimid‐Addukte (IV) und (V).
A New Type of Phosphaferrocene–Pyrrole–Phosphaferrocene P-N-P Pincer Ligand (2012)

A 2-ethoxycarbonylphosphaferrocene was reduced to the corresponding 2-hydroxymethyl derivative, which was condensed with pyrrole in a 2:1 ratio in the presence of BF3 to give a phosphaferrocene–pyrrole–phosphaferrocene pincer ligand. This tridentate ligand, in turn, reacted with [Rh(acac)(CO)2] to yield a rhodium carbonyl pincer complex. This complex was characterized by X-ray crystal structure analysis and tested in the hydroformylation of internal olefins.
Facile, Asymmetric Addition of Acetylene to Aldehydes:In Situ Generation of Reactive Zinc Acetylide (2001)

This study documents a process in which acetylene is employed directly in nucleophilic additions to aldehydes to give adducts in high levels of enantiomeric induction, up to 98% ee. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first time in which acetylene itself has been utilized in such ligand-controlled enantioselective additions.
Bactericidal Action of Photoirradiated Gallic Acid via Reactive Oxygen Species Formation (2012)

It is known that gallic acid shows antimicrobial activity. In the present study, photoirradiation induced reactive oxygen species formation was investigated for augmentation of the antimicrobial activity of gallic acid. Staphylococcus aureus suspended in 4 mmol/L gallic acid was exposed to blue light of a LED at 400 nm. This treatment killed the bacteria, and a >5-log reduction of the viable counts was observed within 15 min. By contrast, neither the LED treatment alone nor the treatment with gallic acid alone showed substantial bactericidal effect. When hydroxyl radical scavengers were added to the suspension, the bactericidal effect of photoirradiated gallic acid was attenuated. Furthermore, electron spin resonance analysis demonstrated that hydroxyl radicals were generated by the photoirradiation of gallic acid. Thus, the present study suggests that the photo-oxidation can enhance the antimicrobial activity of gallic acid via hydroxyl radical formation.
Phenotype of TGFBI<sup>R124H</sup> mice. (2015)

<p>Granular and lattice deposits without corneal edema and neovascularization were observed in the center of the cornea in homozygous (52 weeks, female, A, B, 78 weeks, male, C, D) and heterozygous (52 weeks, female, E, F, 94 weeks female, G, H) mice. Wild type mice had clear corneas (I).</p>
Using of EM fields during industrial CZ and FZ large silicon crystal growth (2003)

The paper describes numerical simulation tools for electromagnetic (EM), hydrodynamic, temperature and concentration fields in industrial Czochralski (CZ) and floating zone (FZ) single silicon crystal growth facilities under the influence of several alternating current (AC) and static DC magnetic fields. Such fields are expected to provide additional means to influence the melt behaviour, especially in the industrial growth of large diameter (200–300 mm) silicon crystals. The simulation tools are based on axisymmetric 2D models for (1) AC and DC magnetic fields in the whole crystal growth facility and (2) hydrodynamics, temperature and mass transport in the melt under the influence of the EM fields. The simulation tools are verified by comparison to temperature and velocity measurements in a laboratory CZ set‐up with eutectics InGaSn model melt and to resistivity measurements in grown silicon crystals.
Diagnostic Confidence of Run-Off CT-Angiography as the Primary Diagnostic Imaging Modality in Patients Presenting with Acute or Chronic Peripheral Arterial Disease (2015)

Run-off CTA is a reliable imaging modality for primary diag-nostic work-up of patients with acute and chronic PAD.
Differential Regulation of Twitching Motility and Elastase Production by Vfr in <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (2002)

Vfr, a homolog of Escherichia coli cyclic AMP (cAMP) receptor protein, has been shown to regulate quorum sensing, exotoxin A production, and regA transcription in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We identified a twitching motility-defective mutant that carries a transposon insertion in vfr and confirmed that vfr is required for twitching motility by construction of an independent allelic deletion-replacement mutant of vfr that exhibited the same phenotype, as well as by the restoration of normal twitching motility by complementation of these mutants with wild-type vfr. Vfr-null mutants exhibited severely reduced twitching motility with barely detectable levels of type IV pili, as well as loss of elastase production and altered pyocyanin production. We also identified reduced-twitching variants of quorum-sensing mutants (PAK lasI::Tc) with a spontaneous deletion in vfr (S. A. Beatson, C. B. Whitchurch, A. B. T. Semmler, and J. S. Mattick, J. Bacteriol., 184:3598-3604, 2002), the net result of which was the loss of five residues (EQERS) from the putative cAMP-binding pocket of Vfr. This allele (VfrDeltaEQERS) was capable of restoring elastase and pyocyanin production to wild-type levels in vfr-null mutants but not their defects in twitching motility. Furthermore, structural analysis of Vfr and VfrDeltaEQERS in relation to E. coli CRP suggests that Vfr is capable of binding both cAMP and cyclic GMP whereas VfrDeltaEQERS is only capable of responding to cAMP. We suggest that Vfr controls twitching motility and quorum sensing via independent pathways in response to these different signals, bound by the same cyclic nucleotide monophosphate-binding pocket.
A Rh(I)‐Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of Homo‐ and Bis‐homopropargylic Alcohols. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Expected likelihood for compressive sensing-based DOA estimation (2012)

This work addresses the problem of spatial compressive sensing (SCS) DOA estimation performance evaluation by exploiting an estimation-theoretic method known as expected likelihood (EL). This work provides a novel application of the EL method to mitigate two bias sources present in the SCS DOA estimation approach due to discretization of the azimuth bearing space and L1-regularization. (4 pages)
The influence of preoperative jaundice, biliary drainage and age on postoperative morbidity and mortality after pancreatoduodenectomy and total pancreatectomy. (1985)

Details are given of the postoperative course of 56 patients after pancreatoduodenectomy, and 11 after total pancreatectomy. The main indication was adenocarcinoma (56 cases). The most serious complication was leakage from the pancreatojejunostomy, which occurred in nine patients and was fatal in seven of these (10%). This was the only cause of death in the group. The observed mortality was appreciably higher (38%) in the 13 patients aged over 70 years. Contrary to recent reports, jaundice was not found to influence postoperative mortality adversely, nor was preoperative biliary drainage found to reduce mortality.
O3‐01‐05: CSF markers as predictors for Alzheimer's disease in subjects with MCI: Effect of APOE genotype‐adjusted cut offs (2010)

Decreased Aβ1-42 and increased levels of tau and phosphorylated tau (ptau) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are key markers for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Previous studies showed that the concentration of these markers correlate with the apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether correction for APOE genotype could improve the predictive accuracy of CSF markers for AD in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Subjects with MCI for which data were available on CSF markers, APOE genotype, and follow-up were selected from the ADNI study (n = 198), DESCRIPA study (n = 98), and VU University medical center (n = 96). Subjects aged <55 years and with obvious causes for MCI were excluded. Follow-up was performed every 6-12 months up to 3 years. CSF markers were analyzed using xMAP technology (INNO-BIA AlzBio3, ADNI) or ELISA (Innotest Aβ1-42, hTAU-Ag, Phospho-tau [181P], other cohorts). For each assay the cut-off was determined that maximized the area under the curve (AUC) for the distinction between subjects with and without AD at follow-up. At baseline, subjects (n = 391) had a mean age of 72 years, MMSE score of 26.6, and 13.2 years of education. 204 Subjects (52%) were carriers of at least 1 APOE-e4 allele. Average follow-up was 2.4 years and 146 subjects (37%) converted to AD. At baseline, the APOE-e4 allele was associated lower Aβ1-42 and higher tau and ptau levels (p < 0.0001). Without correction for APOE genotype, the AUC ranged from 0.63 (ptau) to 0.66 (tau). Compared to the optimal cut-off for subjects without APOE-e4 allele, the cut-off for APOE-e4 allele carriers was lower for Aβ1-42 (15% to 26%; the lower estimate applies to xMAP, the higher estimate to ELISA) and higher for tau (24% to 48%) and ptau (48% to 54%). When APOE-e4 allele-corrected cut-offs were used, the AUC for the prediction of AD remained the same or decreased compared to cut-offs without correction for APOE genotype. While APOE-e4 allele has a strong effect on Aβ1-42, tau, and ptau levels in CSF, correction for APOE genotype may not improve the predictive accuracy for AD.
Using the minimum description length principle to reduce the rate of false positives of best-fit algorithms (2014)

The inference of gene regulatory networks is a core problem in systems biology. Many inference algorithms have been proposed and all suffer from false positives. In this paper, we use the minimum description length (MDL) principle to reduce the rate of false positives for best-fit algorithms. The performance of these algorithms is evaluated <i>via</i> two metrics: the normalized-edge Hamming distance and the steady-state distribution distance. Results for synthetic networks and a well-studied budding-yeast cell cycle network show that MDL-based filtering is more effective than filtering based on conditional mutual information (CMI). In addition, MDL-based filtering provides better inference than the MDL algorithm itself.
Long-term effects of nonimmune tissue injury in renal transplantation (2002)

The successful kidney transplant must withstand the stresses of the transplant process and the posttransplant course and maintain itself over many years. Allograft nephropathy is the pathology most frequently associated with late renal graft loss. Allograft nephropathy is defined by graft dysfunction and a characteristic but unspecific pathology, with tubular atrophy, interstitial fibrosis, and fibrous intimal thickening of blood vessels. A number of early factors lead to the development of allograft nephropathy—older donor age, brain death, prolonged preservation time, and rejection—but drug toxicity, hypertension, and other recipient factors can contribute as time passes. Allograft nephropathy is the result of these cumulative injuries plus the inherent ability of the kidney to resist and repair injury. This overview highlights some nonimmunologic injuries important in the course of transplantation and in the evolution of allograft nephropathy.
Neutral wetting brush layers for block copolymer thin films using homopolymer blends (2016)

Binary homopolymer blends of two hydroxyl-terminated polystyrene (PS-OH) and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA-OH) homopolymers (Mn ~ 16000 g mol−1) were grafted on SiO2 substrates by high-temperature (T > 150 °C), short-time (t < 600 s) thermal treatments. The resulting brush layer was tested to screen preferential interactions of the SiO2 substrate with the different symmetric and asymmetric PS-b-PMMA block copolymers deposited on top of the grafted molecules. By properly adjusting the blend composition and the processing parameters, an efficient surface neutralization path was identified, enabling the formation, in the block copolymer film, of homogeneous textures of lamellae or cylinders perpendicularly oriented with respect to the substrate. A critical interplay between the phase segregation of the homopolymer blends and their grafting process on the SiO2 was observed. In fact, the polar SiO2 is preferential for the PMMA-rich phase that forms a homogeneous layer on the substrate, while the PS-rich phase is located at the polymer-air interface. During the thermal treatment, phase segregation and grafting proceed simultaneously. Complete wetting of the PS rich phase on the PMMA rich phase leads to the formation of a PS/PMMA bilayer. In this case, the progressive diffusion of PS chains toward the polymer-SiO2 interface during the thermal treatment allows tuning of the brush layer composition
Temporal patterns of electrical remodeling in canine ventricular hypertrophy: Focus on IKs downregulation and blunted β-adrenergic activation (2006)

Profound decrease of KCNQ1 occurs within days after AVB induction and is followed by a more gradual decrease of beta1-AR expression. Downregulation and blunted beta-A activation of IKs contribute to the loss of beta-A-induced shortening of ventricular repolarization, favoring proarrhythmia. Provocation testing with isoproterenol identifies repolarization instability based on acquired channelopathy.
Location of Crossovers during Gene Targeting with Insertion and Replacement Vectors (1993)

Gene targeting was used to introduce nonselectable genetic changes into chromosomal loci in mouse embryo-derived stem cells. The nonselectable markers were linked to a selectable marker in both insertion- and replacement-type vectors, and the transfer of the two elements to the Hprt locus was assayed. When insertion vectors were used as substrates, the frequency of transfer was highly dependent upon the distance between the nonselectable marker and the double-strand break in the vector. A marker located close to the vector ends was frequently lost, suggesting that a double-strand gap repair activity is involved in vector integration. When replacement vectors were used, cotransfer of a selectable marker and a nonselectable marker 3 kb apart was over 50%, suggesting that recombination between vector and target often occurs near the ends of the vector. To illustrate the use of replacement vectors to transfer specific mutations to the genome, we describe targeting of the delta F508 mutation to the CFTR gene in mouse embryo-derived stem cells.
Combined In Situ CO<sub>2</sub> Generation and Chemical Flooding for Viscous Oil Recovery (2011)

In this endeavor, laboratory studies show promising results of a novel approach, enhanced oil recovery (EOR) by combining carbon dioxide-generating chemicals and chemical flooding to improve viscous oil recovery.
Reproductive Function in the Mimosoid Legume <i>Acacia retinodes</i> : Ultrastructural and Cytochemical Characteristics of Stigma Receptivity (1989)

The stigma of Acacia retinodes is receptive from the moment the flower opens (female phase). Receptivity, assessed in terms of pod set, is highest at flower opening, and lowest the following day (male phase). Stigma receptivity is associated with the acquisition of a heterogeneous stigma exudate, the components of which are secreted sequentially during differentiation. Cytochemical probes have tentatively identified the principal components as unsaturated and saturated lipids, free fatty acids, flavonoid aglycones, carbohydrates, proteins and phenolic compounds. The onset of male phase in unpollinated stigmas is associated with a breakdown of the plasma membrane and organelle membranes of stigma cells, and subsequently a browning reaction.
Design and closed-loop control of a tri-layer Polypyrrole based telescopic soft robot (2016)

A novel structure of a 2 DoF telescopic soft robot using a tri-layer Polypyrrole (PPy) soft micro-actuator with deployment is presented in this paper. The kinematic model is introduced and the Position Based Visual Servo (PBVS) control with path-planning and obstacle avoidance algorithms is developed. A prototype is presented and the control schemes are validated experimentally. A satisfactory accuracy with a submillimetric positioning error is obtained namely 287.6 microns for a circular path and 210 microns for obstacle avoidance.
A survey of oncology advanced practice providers’ knowledge and attitudes towards sexual and gender minorities with cancer (2020)

Targeted education for providers during training and continuing education is likely to improve the provision of quality care for SGMs with cancer.
Advances in the Production of Thermostable Antifrication Plastics (1979)

Methods of producing self-lubricating antifriction plastics are examined. Filling with a solid lubricant a polymeric binder that does not possess a low coefficient of friction when unfilled is a promising development. The principal physicochemical requirements to be met by a polymer to be used as a binder are formulated. Possible chemical changes undergone by the polymeric binder and the filler during friction are discussed. Published information on the effect of the chemical nature of the polymeric binder on the properties of antifriction materials is summarised. The Review concludes with 211 references.