gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Emissions Control in Swirl Stabilized Spray Combusters, an Experimental and Computational Study (2007)

Abstract : Detailed measurements of velocity statistics, temperature distribution, flame chemiluminescence, and emission characteristics in a lean direct fuel injection multi swirl gas turbine combustor were acquired. The inlet and exit boundary conditions, including the mixing tube length and the exhaust nozzle contraction ratio, were modified to emphasize the effects of these boundary conditions on the characteristics of nonreacting and reacting flows. Velocity statistics, including mean and turbulence kinetics, were measured by using SPIV in a cylindrical combustor chamber for isothermal and reacting flow cases. The velocity spectra at different locations were measured using hot-wire anemometry. The temperature distribution along the combustor radial direction was measured using thermocouples at different axial locations for a variety of multi-swirl configurations. The exhaust emissions of NOx and CO were measured as a function of fuel/air ratio. The data along with the detailed description of the experimental setup and operating conditions can be used to validate modeling approaches to swirling flows, the turbulence/chemistry interaction.
Brain Cortex Gangliosides and (Na, K<sup>-</sup>)Atpase System of the Stria Vascularis in Guinea Pig (1981)

This paper presents the results of an investigation into the possibility that gangliosides (brain cortex glycosphingolipids) are capable of being functionally incorporated into cell membranes and of interfering with enzymatic activity of the ATPase system on the stria vascularis and spiral ligament in the guinea pig. Labelled gangliosides (3H-GM1) were incorporated into the cell membranes of the tissues under examination. (Na+, K+)ATPase activity increased l0 minutes after intravenous injection of gangliosides and prevented the decrease in (Na+, K+)ATPase system produced by ethacrynic acid. The action of gangliosides on the (Na+, K+)ATPase system is discussed.
Overview of High-Step-Up Coupled-Inductor Boost Converters (2016)

High-step-up, high-efficiency, and cost-effective dc-dc converters, serving as an interfacing cell to boost the low-voltage output of renewable sources to the utility voltage level, are an important part in renewable energy systems. Over the past few years, there has been a substantial amount of studies devoted to high-step-up dc-dc converters. Among them, the category of coupled-inductor boost converters is widely researched and considered to be a promising solution for high-step-up applications. In this paper, these converters are categorized into five groups according to the major topological features. The derivation process, advantages, and disadvantages of these converters are systematically discussed, compared, and scrutinized. This paper aims to provide an introduction, review, and framework for the category of high-step-up coupled-inductor boost converters. General structures for the topologies are proposed to clarify the topological derivation process and to show potential gaps. Furthermore, challenges or directions are presented in this paper for deriving new topologies in this field.
Congenital Hepatic Cyst Causing Jaundice:* (1964)

From the Surgical and Laboratory Divisions, Montefiore Hospital, New York City * Submitted for Publication June 12, 1963.
Improved Leptin Sensitivity as a Potential Candidate Responsible for the Spontaneous Food Restriction of the Lou/C Rat (2013)

The Lou/C rat, an inbred strain of Wistar origin, was described as a model of resistance to age- and diet-induced obesity. Although such a resistance involves many metabolic parameters described in our previous studies, Lou/C rats also exhibit a spontaneous food restriction due to decreased food consumption during the nocturnal period. We then attempted to delineate the leptin sensitivity and mechanisms implicated in this strain, using different protocols of acute central and peripheral leptin administration. A first analysis of the meal patterns revealed that Lou/C rats eat smaller meals, without any change in meal number compared to age-matched Wistar animals. Although the expression of the recognized leptin transporters (leptin receptors and megalin) measured in the choroid plexus was normal in Lou/C rats, the decreased triglyceridemia observed in these animals is compatible with an increased leptin transport across the blood brain barrier. Improved hypothalamic leptin signaling in Lou/C rats was also suggested by the higher pSTAT3/STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) ratio observed following acute peripheral leptin administration, as well as by the lower hypothalamic mRNA expression of the suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3), known to downregulate leptin signaling. To conclude, spontaneous hypophagia of Lou/C rats appears to be related to improved leptin sensitivity. The main mechanism underlying such a phenomenon consists in improved leptin signaling through the Ob-Rb leptin receptor isoform, which seems to consequently lead to overexpression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH).
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Method for Introduction of Carbon Substituents into Pteridine. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Frequency response of sampled-data systems (2002)

This paper studies the notion of frequency response for sampled-data systems, and explores some basic properties as well as its computational procedures. It is shown that: 1) by the lifting technique the notion of frequency response can be naturally justified for sampled-data systems in spite of their time-varying characteristics; 2) it represents a frequency domain steady state behavior; and 3) it is also closely related to the original transfer function representation via an integral formula. It is shown that the computation of the frequency response can be reduced to a finite-dimensional eigenvalue problem, and some examples are presented to illustrate the results.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Streptomycin. X.<sup>1</sup> The Structure of Mannosidostreptomycin<sup>2</sup> (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStreptomycin. X.1 The Structure of Mannosidostreptomycin2Josef Fried and Homer E. StavelyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 21, 5461–5468Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01141a071https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01141a071research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views47Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Expression of truncated forms of the bovine growth hormone gene in cultured mouse cells. (1991)

A synthetic oligonucleotide, 5'-d(CTAGT-CTAGACTAG)-3' which encodes translational termination codons in three reading frames, was inserted into either exon IV (pbGH-4A) or V (pbGH-5A) of the bovine growth hormone gene. The resultant plasmids, under the transcriptional regulation of the mouse metallothionein 1 promoter, were introduced into cultured mouse L-cells or rat GH3 cells. Compared to wild type bGH RNA, bGH-specific RNA transiently expressed from pBGH-5A or pBGH-4A DNA in mouse L-cells was similar or slightly smaller in size, respectively. Unexpectedly, bGH-4A RNA lacked exon IV sequences. Immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation analyses revealed that wild type bGH was localized to the Golgi apparatus, while truncated hormones were confined to the cytoplasmic compartment of transfected cells. In addition, truncated hormones were shown to be secretion-defective albeit the bGH signal peptide was efficiently and precisely processed. Thus, structural alterations in the bGH gene can dramatically affect bGH precursor mRNA processing and hormone localization within cultured mouse fibroblast or rat pituitary cells.
Hexagonal arrays of fs-laser written waveguides (2006)

We report the fabrication of hexagonal arrays of fs-laser written waveguides in fused silica. The characterization of the light propagation inside the arrays proves the accuracy of the technology and the possibility to create highly symmetric 2-dimensional arrays. Furthermore we demonstrate the ability to fabricate large arrangements of evanescently coupled waveguide structures with this highly productive procedure.
Anisotropic Magnetization in Single Crystal YBa<sub>2</sub>Cu<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub> (1987)

Magnetization measurements on single crystals of YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 are used to study the anisotropy of the critical current density and magnetic properties of this superconducting oxide with a transition temperature of 88 K. Anisotropy of the magnetization versus applied field hysteresis loops is pronounced, with the effect increasing as the temperature approaches the superconducting critical temperature.
Synthesis, solvatochromism, aggregation-induced emission and cell imaging of tetraphenylethene-containing BODIPY derivatives with large Stokes shifts (2012)

A series of tetraphenylethene-containing BODIPYs with emissions from visible to near-IR and large Stokes shifts up to 142 nm have been designed and synthesized. They show solvatochromic fluorescence and can be utilized as fluorescent visualizers for intracellular imaging.
BCL6 suppression of BCL2 via Miz1 and its disruption in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (2009)

The BCL6 proto-oncogene encodes a transcriptional repressor that is required for germinal center (GC) formation and whose deregulation by genomic lesions is implicated in the pathogenesis of GC-derived diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and, less frequently, follicular lymphoma (FL). The biological function of BCL6 is only partially understood because no more than a few genes have been functionally characterized as direct targets of BCL6 transrepression activity. Here we report that the anti-apoptotic proto-oncogene BCL2 is a direct target of BCL6 in GC B cells. BCL6 binds to the BCL2 promoter region by interacting with the transcriptional activator Miz1 and suppresses Miz1-induced activation of BCL2 expression. BCL6-mediated suppression of BCL2 is lost in FL and DLBCL, where the 2 proteins are pathologically coexpressed, because of BCL2 chromosomal translocations and other mechanisms, including Miz1 deregulation and somatic mutations in the BCL2 promoter region. These results identify an important function for BCL6 in facilitating apoptosis of GC B cells via suppression of BCL2, and suggest that blocking this pathway is critical for lymphomagenesis.
RTRB-12A NOVEL PET INDEX,<sup>11</sup>C-METHIONINE/<sup>18</sup>F-FDG UPTAKE DECOUPLING SCORE, IN MALIGNANT GLIOMA: EVALUATION OF ITS GEOMETRICAL FEATURES FOR PLANNING RADIATION THERAPY (2015)

For radiotherapy (RT) of malignant glioma (MG), it is important to define the target volume correctly and precisely. 11C-methionine (MET) positron emission tomography (PET) holds promise for detecting areas of glioma cell infiltration: our previous research showed that the magnitude of disruption of MET and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake correlation (decoupling score; DS) precisely reflects glioma cell invasion. Here, we analyzed the volumetric and geometrical properties of RT target delineation based on DS and compared them with those based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We compared three target volumes, which include core lesions from gadolinium-enhanced lesions identified with contrast-enhanced T1 weighted images, lesions for high intensity regions on T2 weighted images, and regions showing high DS (> 3). Their geometrical differences were assessed by calculating the probability of overlap, and the probability that one could encompass the other. Our analysis indicated that microscopic invasion of glioma cells often extends more than 2.0 cm beyond a gadolinium-enhanced core lesion. We also demonstrated that a 1.0 cm margin from a target volume, delineated by MRI, is required to cover the entire high DS region, while the volume increases accordingly. In addition, our morphological estimation showed that lesions with T2 high intensity and high DS around the core lesion have different configurations. Taken together, our findings indicate that MRI is probably insufficient for target delineation of RT for MG, and that MET/FDG PET-DS is a more promising modality.
An overview of studies comparing the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of paroxetine and clomipramine (1992)

In a review of six studies comparing paroxetine and the tricyclic antidepressant clomipramine, four of which included patients aged over 65 years, paroxetine was as effective as clomipramine in reducing depressive symptoms. Paroxetine was safe and significantly better tolerated than clomipramine. The data pooled from four studies in elderly patients showed that paroxetine (n=155) was as effective as clomipramine (n=154) and was better tolerated with significantly fewer anticholinergic, central nervous system, and gastrointestinal side-effects. In a six-week study of patients aged between 19 and 64 years paroxetine was less effective but demonstrated a superior safety and tolerability profile compared with clomipramine. However, a further six-week study of paroxetine (30 mg; n=42) and clomipramine (150 mg; n=43) in patients aged less than 65 years showed paroxetine to be as effective as clomipramine in reducing the symptoms of depression and again showed paroxetine's superior safety and tolerability profiles compared with clomipramine.
Cloning and Analysis of the rnc-era-recOOperon from Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1999)

The rnc operon from Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been cloned and characterized. The three genes comprising this operon, rnc, era, and recO, are arranged similarly to those in some other gram-negative bacteria. Multicopy plasmids carrying the rnc operon of P. aeruginosa functionally complement mutations of the rnc, era, and recO genes in Escherichia coli. In particular, the P. aeruginosa era homolog rescues the conditional lethality of era mutants in E. coli, and the presumptive protein has 60% identity with the Era of E. coli. We discuss these data and evidence suggesting that a GTPase previously purified from P. aeruginosa and designated Pra is not an Era homolog.
Influence of Deposition Parameters of Sputtered ITO/Ag Back Contacts on the Performance of a-Si:H / μc-Si:H Solar Cells (2012)

Magnetron-sputtered ITO/Ag back contacts were deposited on amorphous/microcrystalline silicon (a-Si:H/μc-Si:H) tandem junction solar cells in superstrate configuration and concurrently also on Corning glass substrates. The investigations were focused on identifying the influence of the deposition parameters of sputtered ITO layers on performance of a-Si:H/μc-Si:H solar cells. The ITO sputtering process was varied in terms of oxygen concentration in the sputtering gas and total gas pressure, while sufficient conductivity of ITO layers for application as back contacts was ensured. JV characterization of fabricated cells was performed both in the dark and under AM1.5 illumination. The external quantum efficiency of the solar cells as well as their absorption was measured. Electrical and optical properties of ITO layers deposited on Corning glass were characterized, too. Major influence of deposition process of ITO layers on electrical performance of solar cells due to increase of oxygen concentration has been revealed. Decline of FF and Voc and increase in dark current saturation density indicate deteriorated interface between bottom n-layer and the ITO layer or of the n-layer itself. On the other hand, there is no indication that severe plasma-related damage limits electrical cell performance of the cells deposited with varied total gas pressure.
Tritium labeling of simple 7‐membered ring compounds (1990)

Abstract Seven‐membered ring compounds, from cylcoheptane to complex ring structures containing heteroatoms, substituents and fused phenyl rings, were labeled with tritium, using activated and adsorbed tritium. The 7‐membered ring structures are generally stable towards reactions with tritium, which allows compounds like 1‐benzosuberone, 1‐aza‐2‐methoxy‐1‐cycloheptene, iminostilbene and clozapine to be labeled to reasonably high specific activities. The best method varies greatly from compound to compound. By optimizing the labeling conditions and use of efficient support exceptionally good results can be obtained. The Pd‐on‐alumina support gives consistently higher specific activity and less radioimpurity than other supports. Even molecules containing carbon‐halogen bond and hydrogen bound to nitrogen can usually be labeled with tritium at stable positions and without dehalogenation.
The Chemistry of Marine Sponges∗ (2012)

Marine sponges continue to attract wide attention from marine natural product chemists and pharmacologists alike due to their remarkable diversity of bioactive compounds. Since the early days of marine natural products research in the 1960s, sponges have notoriously yielded the largest number of new metabolites reported per year compared to any other plant or animal phylum known from the marine environment. This not only reflects the remarkable productivity of sponges with regard to biosynthesis and accumulation of structurally diverse compounds but also highlights the continued interest of marine natural product researchers in this fascinating group of marine invertebrates. Among the numerous classes of natural products reported from marine sponges over the years, alkaloids, peptides, and terpenoids have attracted particularly wide attention due to their unprecedented structural features as well as their pronounced pharmacological activities which make several of these metabolites interesting candidates for drug discovery. This chapter consequently highlights several important groups of sponge-derived alkaloids, peptides, and terpenoids and describes their biological and/or pharmacological properties.
<title>Development of the vacuum interferometric comparator for calibrating fine linear encorders and scales</title> (2002)

A new one dimensional laser interferometric comparator has been developed for the calibration of the fine linear encorders and scales up to 1600mm. In the comparator, the interferometer is fully arranged in vacuum and the calibration objects are mounted under atmospheric conditions. The Abbe's principle in the alignment of workpiece with the measuring beam is satisfied in the structure of a long measuring range. A traveling slide table, on which the calibration objects are mounted, is supported on guide rails by the air bearings and is driven through a recirculating ballscrew. The exhaust of the air bearings is guided to the exterior of the booth in which the comparator is placed. The travel of the table is measured by a reference interferometer with a beam path in vacuum shielded by an evacuated metal bellow, so that the effect of refractive index is eliminated. The laser beam is led by a polarization plane maintaining glass fiber from a self-designed stabilized He- Ne laser, which is placed in an adjacency room, to the beam inlet of the main unit. The measurement system can input the interferometer signal by the encorder signal or the scale signal, and input the encorder or scale data by the interferometer signal. The system resolution is approximately O.8nm and maximum traveling measurement speed is 20mm/s at continuous measurement. The uncertainly (K=2) of measurement is approximately 3Onm in linear encorders of 500mm length and, approximately 4Onm in scales of 500mm, although it depends on the length and the characteristics of encorders and scales. It is successful such a high accuracy that the uncertainty of measurement is smaller than 4Onm in encorders of im length.
Novel electrostatic mechanism in the thermal instability of <i>z</i>-cut LiNbO3 interferometers (1986)

Experimental data from z-cut LiNbO3 Mach–Zehnder interferometers show that electrical contact to the device electrodes leads to the large thermal instability of the intrinsic phase bias. Withdrawing contact from the electrodes causes the thermal instability to virtually disappear. A model is proposed in which contact to the electrodes creates strong gradients in the local surface potential near the electrodes when unscreened pyroelectrically induced surface charges are present, independent of whether the probes are floating or grounded. The resulting differential electric field strength in the interferometer branches gives rise to the observed thermal instability, which is five orders of magnitude larger than the calculated instability due to the pyroelectric effect alone. The model of the instability mechanism is used to suggest methods of reducing the instability.
Parallel Variation of Mass Transport and Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Electron Transfer Rates in Hybrid Redox Polyether Molten Salts (2004)

Metal complexes can be prepared as highly viscous (semisolid), room temperature molten salts by combining them with oligomeric polyether substituents. The fluidity and transport properties of these hybrid redox polyether melts can be systematically manipulated by changing the oligomeric chain lengths and by adding unattached oligomers as plasticizers. This paper describes the voltammetrically measured transport properties of several Co(II) polypyridine (2,2‘-bipyridine, phenanthroline) melts. The properties evaluated are the physical self-diffusion coefficient (DPHYS) of the cationic complex in its melt, the diffusivity of its counterion (DCION), the heterogeneous electron-transfer rate constant (kHET) of the Co(III/II) oxidation at the electrode surface, and the rate constant (kEX) for homogeneous electron self-exchange between Co(II) and Co(I) in the mixed valent layer next to the electrode. These dynamics parameters change in parallel manners, over a large (>103) range of values, when the melt fluidity is changed by plasticizers or temperature. While kHET and kEX both change systematically with DPHYS, they change on a more nearly proportional basis with DCION. The latter relationship is interpreted as a kind of solvent dynamics control in which both the homogeneous Co(II/I) and heterogeneous Co(III/II) reaction rates are controlled by the ionic atmosphere relaxation time constant, namely, the time constant of redistribution of counterions following an electron-transfer step that has produced a nonequilibrium charge distribution. DCION provides a measure of the ion atmosphere relaxation rate.