gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Urokinase Reference Standard of National Institute of Hygienic Sciences (Control 881)]. (1983)

The National Institute of Hygienic Sciences Standard for Urokinase (Control 881) was established in collaboration with five laboratories. This standard contains 1100 international units of urokinase and 1.17 mg of human serum albumin in each ampoule. Urokinase used for the standard is constituted of 1 part of high molecular weight species (M. W. 54000) and 4 parts of low molecular weight species (M. W. 33000).
A Comprehensive Thermal-Hydraulic Model of an Open-Cycle Gas Core Nuclear Rocket (1994)

A thermal-hydraulic model of an open-cycle gas core nuclear rocket is developed. The two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations, the energy equation, and the species diffusion equation are solved for high temperature twospecies gas flow. A description of the model and the method of solution is presented, as well as the results for a cylindrical gas core reactor design. The results provide valuable insight into the fluid flow and species mixing within an open-cycle gas core nuclear rocket.
Simultaneous occurrence of hypopituitarism and adrenal medullary insufficiency in a boy with hypoglycemia. (1977)

The case of a 6-year-old mentally retarded boy is described, who was delivered by breech presentation and who was later found to have adrenal calcifications. He presented with severe hypoglycemia during infancy and early childhood. Subsequent examinations revealed the coexistence of pituitary growth hormone and ACTH-deficiency and of adrenal medullary insufficiency. The hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid and -gonadal axes were apparently normal. It is concluded that both, the pituitary and adrenal medullary insufficiency are probably due to the same complications at birth (hypothalamic or pituitary asphyxia and adrenal hemorrhage) and that both conditions contributed to the development of hypoglycemia.
Preparation and mechanical properties of crosslinked 1,2,3‐triazole‐polymers as potential propellant binders (2010)

Abstract Thirteen triazole polymers were prepared as potential rocket propellant binders by the reactions of various diacetylenes and diazides. The reaction of E300 dipropiolate ( 1 ) with diazide ( 2 ) obtained from tetraethylene glycol was selected to study the effects of concentration of the tetraacetylene functionalized crosslinker ( 3 ) on the mechanical properties of resulting triazole polymers. The modulus of the polymers increased, whereas the strain (% elongation at failure) decreased with increasing percentage of crosslinker. The resulting triazole polymers also showed that the desired mechanical properties could be obtained by adjusting the crosslinker concentration during the polymerization. Addition of 43 wt % aluminum filler did not significantly affect the strain. The modulus of these triazole polymers was comparable with typical polyurethane elastomeric matrices for rocket propellants. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Patterns of Macronutrient Collection in the Black Carpenter Ant,<i>Camponotus pennsylvanicus</i>(De Geer) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) (2002)

The collection of macronutrients (fats, carbohydrates, proteins) under natural conditions by the black carpenter ant, Camponotus pennsylvanicus (De Geer), was examined. Carbohydrate and crude protein were the primary macronutrients retrieved, with 2.3 times more carbohydrate than crude protein collected per trip. Only negligible amounts of crop lipid were detected. Collection patterns varied with macronutrient. Carbohydrate collection was consistently strong over all months, but varied between years and nests. In contrast, crude protein collection was consistent between years and nests, but exhibited peaks in June and September, when colonies typically contain mature larvae. Retrieved food was transported internally: 1% of returning foragers carried solid matter in the mandibles.
Stability of Steady Frictional Slipping (1983)

The shear resistance of slipping surfaces at fixed normal stress is given by τ = τ(V, state). Here V = slip velocity, dependence on “state” is equivalent to functional dependence with fading memory on prior V(t), and ∂τ(V, state)/∂V>0. We establish linear stability conditions for steady slip states (V(t), τ(t) constant). For single degree-of-freedom elastic or viscoelastic dynamical systems, instability occurs, if at all, by a flutter mode when the spring stiffness (or appropriate viscoelastic generalization) reduces to a critical value. Similar conclusions are reached for slipping continua with spatially periodic perturbations along their interface, and in this case the existence of propagating frictional creep waves is established at critical conditions. Increases in inertia of the slipping systems are found to be destabilizing, in that they increase the critical stiffness level required for stability.
Remaining challenges in direct cardiac mapping (2002)

Summary form only given. While electrical and optical cardiac mapping techniques have provided important information about cardiac electrophysiology, both techniques have limitations. It is possible that some of these limitations can be overcome by improvements in both mapping technologies as well as by using them in combination. For example, recent evidence suggests that greatly decreasing the size of the electrode and its intramural carrier can minimize the amount of distortion they produce. Mathematical analysis of the extracellular potentials may provide an opportunity to reconstruct the transmembrane action potentials, as suggested by the ability of the activation-recovery interval to estimate the refractory period. Techniques to track cardiac motion may eliminate the need for electro-mechanical uncouplers in optical mapping. Application of fiber optic technology may allow intramural optical recording. Electrical and optical mapping would be even more powerful if the two techniques were combined. For example, the use of microelectronic techniques would allow several electrodes to be placed close together with an optical fiber nearby on a very small carrier introduced intramurally. The extracellular electrodes would be used to calculate the extracellular Laplacian, which reflects the flow of the transmembrane current, while the optical fiber can record a signal proportional to the transmembrane voltage. Thus, transmembrane voltage, current, and membrane conductivity could be followed dynamically during normal cardiac activity, arrhythmias, and defibrillation shocks.
Inhibition by phenylglyoxal of the sodium-coupled fluxes of glucose and phosphate in renal brush-border membranes (1988)

The coupling of phosphate and glucose transport to sodium in brush-border membrane vesicles from rat kidney cortex was studied after chemical modification of arginine residues by phenylglyoxal. Phosphate (10 mM) and sodium (20 mM) uptakes were linear for 6 s and stimulated in the presence of their cosubstrate. The sodium:phosphate stoichiometry measured by a direct method was 1.74. Sodium-independent phosphate and glucose influx were found to be unaffected by phenylglyoxylation. Phosphate- or glucose-independent sodium influx also remained unaltered by the treatment. However, phosphate influx measured with sodium was inhibited by 69% and sodium influx measured with phosphate was inhibited by 40%. When these values were corrected for uncoupled fluxes, the sodium influx coupled to phosphate and the phosphate influx coupled to sodium were inhibited by 93 and 95%, respectively. Glucose influx measured in the presence of sodium was inhibited by 36% and sodium influx in the presence of glucose was reduced by 39%. When the values were corrected for diffusion, these inhibitions were 95 and 100%, respectively. We conclude that the coupling of phosphate and glucose to sodium fluxes by the renal carriers requires the participation of arginine residue(s) in the translocation process. Modification of this arginine by phenylglyoxal leads to a marked inhibition of coupling. These results suggest the implication of arginine residues in the molecular coupling for both glucose and phosphate sodium symporters.
Airy Plasmon: A Non-Diffracting Surface Wave (2010)

We introduce a new class of non-diffracting surface plasmons: the Airy plasmon. The self bending and self healing behavior of these solutions is analyzed. Schemes for experimental realization and potential applications are discussed.
Estimating the Value of Guaranteed Rail Service (1996)

The purpose of this research is to develop a framework to estimate the value of guaranteed rail service to grain shippers. The analysis consists of estimating density functions for the days waiting for conventional tariff service. A shipper loss function for waiting for rail service was also estimated. Three qualitative results were established. First, the value of guaranteed rail service increases as the quality of guaranteed service rises. Second, the value of guaranteed rail service increases as conventional tariff service becomes less reliable. Finally, when grain is stored on the ground, the value of guaranteed rail service increases.
Quantitative PCR Targeting 16S rRNA and Reductive Dehalogenase Genes Simultaneously Monitors Multiple<i>Dehalococcoides</i>Strains (2006)

The 16S rRNA gene provides insufficient information to infer the range of chloroorganic electron acceptors used by different Dehalococcoides organisms. To overcome this limitation and provide enhanced diagnostic tools for growth measurements, site assessment, and bioremediation monitoring, a quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) approach targeting 16S rRNA genes and three Dehalococcoides reductive dehalogenase (RDase) genes with assigned function (i.e., tceA, bvcA, and vcrA) was designed and evaluated. qPCR standard curves generated for the RDase genes by use of genomic DNA from Dehalococcoides pure cultures correlated with standard curves obtained for both Bacteria- and Dehalococcoides-targeted 16S rRNA genes, suggesting that the RDase genes are useful targets for quantitative assessment of Dehalococcoides organisms. RDase gene probe/primer pairs were specific for the Dehalococcoides strains known to carry the diagnostic RDase gene sequences, and the qPCR method allowed the detection of as few as 1 to 20 and quantification of as few as 50 to 100 tceA, bvcA, or vcrA gene targets per PCR volume. The qPCR approach was applied to dechlorinating enrichment cultures, microcosms, and samples from a contaminated site. In characterized enrichment cultures where known Dehalococcoides strains were enumerated, the sum of the three RDase genes equaled the total Dehalococcoides cell numbers. In site samples and chloroethane-dechlorinating microcosms, the sum of the three RDase genes was much less than that predicted by Dehalococcoides-targeted qPCR, totaling 10 to 30% of the total Dehalococcoides cell numbers. Hence, a large number of Dehalococcoides spp. contain as-yet-unidentified RDase genes, indicating that our current understanding of the dechlorinating Dehalococcoides community is incomplete.
Cytokine, activation marker, and chemokine receptor expression by individual CD4+ memory T cells in rheumatoid arthritis synovium (2000)

IL-10, IL-13, IFN-gamma, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, LT-alpha, CD154, and TNF-related activation-induced cytokine (TRANCE) were expressed by 2-20% of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial tissue CD4(+) memory T cells, whereas CD4(+) cells that produced IL-2, IL-4, or IL-6 were not detected. Expression of none of these molecules by individual CD4(+) cells correlated with the exception of TRANCE and IL-10, and TRANCE and TNF-alpha. A correlation between expression of IL-10 and CCR7, LT-alpha and CCR6, IFN-gamma and CCR5, and TRANCE and CXCR4 was also detected.
Mesh Router Coordinated Relay Selection for Multicast Cooperative Communications in WMN (2010)

In this paper, we address the issue of multicast cooperative communications over WMNs. Specifically, we propose a new framework where mesh router is in charge of the cooperation of mesh clients during a multicast session. Under this framework, we identify the selection of relaying nodes as a critical step to success. To solve above problem, we further develop the concept of in/out-group cooperation as well as the heuristics to find the optimal relay solution. Extensive simulation results show that our approach can considerably mitigate the transmission errors in wireless multicast environment with high efficiency.
STRIKING DECREASE IN THE TOTAL PRECURSOR B-CELL COMPARTMENT DURING EARLY CHILDHOOD AS EVIDENCED BY FLOW CYTOMETRY AND GENE EXPRESSION CHANGES (2010)

The number of circulating B-cells in peripheral blood plateaus between 2 and 24 months of age, and thereafter declines gradually. How this reflects the kinetics of the precursor B-cell pool in the bone marrow is of clinical interest, but has not been studied thoroughly in humans. The authors analyzed bone marrow (n = 37) from healthy children and adults (flow cytometry) searching for age-related changes in the total precursor B-cell compartment. In an age-matched cohort (n = 25) they examined age-related global gene expression changes (Affymetrix) in unsorted bone marrow with special reference to the recombination activating gene 1, RAG1. Subsequently, they searched the entire gene set for transcripts correlating to the RAG1 profile to discover other known and possibly new precursor B-cell related transcripts. Both methods disclosed a marked, transient increase of total precursor B-cells at 6-20 months, followed by a rapid decrease confined to the first 2 years. The decline thereafter was considerably slower, but continued until adulthood. The relative composition of total precursor B-cells, however, did not change significantly with age. The authors identified 54 genes that were highly correlated to the RAG1 profile (r >or= .9, p < 1 x 10(-8)). Of these 54 genes, 15 were characteristically B-lineage associated like CD19, CD79, VPREB, EBF1, and PAX5; the remaining 39 previously not described as distinctively B-lineage related. The marked, transient increase in precursor B-cells and RAG1 transcriptional activity is not reflected by a similar peak in B-cells in peripheral blood, whereas the sustained plateau concurs in time.
APLICACIÓN DEL MÉTODO DE DISPERSIÓN DE MATRIZ EN FASE SÓLIDA AL AISLAMIENTO DE HIDROCARBUROS DE ROCAS BITUMINOSAS (2014)

Se realizo la comparacion de tres tecnicas diferentes para el aislamiento de hidrocarburos y biomarcadores de rocas bituminosas Las tecnicas de extraccion por dispersion de la matriz en fase solida MSPD por sus siglas en ingles Soxhlet y extraccion solidoliquido asistida por ultrasonido se usaron para extraer hidrocarburos de cuatro muestras de roca diferentes La tecnica MSPD permitio extraer 25 y 32 mas de materia organica que las tecnicas Soxhlet y de extraccion con solvente respectivamente El analisis SARA mostro que los extractos obtenidos por las tres tecnicas tuvieron la misma composicion relativa de estas familias de hidrocarburos saturados aromaticos resinas y asfaltenos Se empleo la mezcla diclorometanometanol 9010 vv como solvente en las tres tecnicas La extraccion por MSPD requirio de cuatro a siete horas mientras que las otras tecnicas demandaron hasta 24 horas En MSPD utilizando los mismos implementos se pudo incrementar cuatro veces la masa de la roca a extraer sin alterar signifcativamente el rendimiento de la extraccion
Fundamentals and general aspects (1989)

Partial table of contents: SENSOR FUNDAMENTALS. Sensor Parameters (M. Tabib-Azar). Sensor Modeling (H. Baltes & A. Nathan). BASIC SENSOR TECHNOLOGIES. Thin and Thick Films (S. Chang). Ceramics and Oxides (J. Arndt). SENSOR INTERFACES. Signal Processing (H. Tr?nkler). Smart Sensors (J. Brignell). SENSOR APPLICATIONS. Automotive: On-Board Sensors (I. Igarashi). Home Applicances (T. Kobayashi). Energy Production (R. Sachedeva). Aerospace Instrumentation (I. Warshawsky). Index. List of Symbols and Abbreviations.
ChemInform Abstract: BENZISOXAZOL‐ UND BENZISOTHIAZOL‐ANALOGE DES AUXINS (1971)

Abstract Aus den 4‐Hydroxycumarinen (I) bzw. 4‐Hydroxy‐1‐thiocumarinen (II) und Hydroxylamin in Äthanol werden die 1,2‐Benzisoxazol‐3‐essigsäuren (III) bzw. die 1,2‐Benzisothiazol‐3‐essigsäuren (IV) hergestellt, die im Vergleich zur Indolyl‐3‐essigsäure als Phytohormone geprüft werden.
Phenolic wastewater treatment by a mixed culture GE2 immobilized on activated carbon (1996)

The biological treatment by a mixed culture GE2 immobilized on activated carbon was investigated with a phenolic resin industrial wastewater containing 41,000 mg/l of phenol and 2,800 mg/l of formaldehyde. At a dilution of 20 times with aerated tap water, influent and effluent CODMn were 4,587 mg/ 1 and 46 mg/l, that is, CODMn removal efficiency was 99.0%. At this time, phenol and formaldehyde concentration of the effluent were 1.24 and 6.80 mg/l, indicating removal efficiencies of 99.9 and 94.1%, respectively.
Manufacture and Characterisation of Silicalite Monoliths (2000)

Multichannel monoliths containing up to 90% silicalite by weight and with cell densities up to 28 cells/cm 2 , wall thicknesses down to 0.6 mm and an overall diameter of 40 mm have been prepared from silicalite powder and sodium bentonite (as a binder) by the unit operations of paste preparation, extrusion, drying and firing. The manufactured monoliths, which show good strength, retain the crystal structure and micropore size of the source silicalite powder, and adsorption measurements made by using a dynamic flow system confirm that the monoliths exhibit an equilibrium performance broadly similar to that of commercial silicalite pellets. In addition, the manufactured monoliths possess a higher macroporosity than the commercial pellets. Regeneration of the monoliths was found to be possible at mildly increased temperature. These features augur well for the recovery and/or separation of organic compounds in simple pressure swing and thermal swing processes.
Limitations of coronary computed tomographic angiography for delineating the lumen and vessel contours of coronary arteries in patients with stable angina (2015)

CCTA has potential limitations in the accurate delineation of lumen and vessel contours in patients with angina, as there was a high level of discordance with the IVUS-measured lumen and vessel CSAs and high inter-observer variability.
REPRODUCTION STUDY OF 1, 1, 3-TRIMETHYL-5-PHENYLBIURET (ST-281) : TERATOLOGICAL STUDY IN RABBITS BY ORAL ADMINISTRATION (1986)

Teratogenicity of 1,1,3-trimethyl-5-phenylbiuret (ST-281), a new anti-rheumatic agent, was evaluated in rabbits. ST-281 at doses of 0, 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg/day were administered orally to pregnant NZW rabbits from day 6 to day 18 of pregnancy. Body weight and food consumption at the administration and the subsequent periods were significantly decreased in 400 mg/kg/day group, and 5 dams (41.7%) affected severely were dead. No remarkable changes were investigated in findings at near-term caesarean section in any dosed group including 400 mg/kg/day. In visceral and skeletal examinations, no significant increase in incidence of abnormal fetuses were observed. This report suggests that ST-281 has no embryotoxicity or teratogenicity in rabbits.
CAM05-3: Multicast Tree Algorithm Minimizing the Number of Fast Reroute Protection Links for P2MP-TE Networks (2006)

Recently, the technologies of multicast multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) based on the resource reservation signaling protocol (RSVP) have been developed to achieve multicast services with high quality and reliability. In multicast MPLS based on RSVP, a high-quality broadcasting service is achieved by configuring the detour path for fast rerouting (FRR) on the multicast route, which is completely controlled. In such a network, the path management technique for setting the FRR path effectively is very important. In this paper, we propose a multicast tree algorithm for minimizing the number of links that compose the tree in order to reduce the protected facilities of FRR link protection in point-to-multipoint traffic-engineered networks. The performance of the algorithm is analyzed and compared with two traditional routing algorithms: the shortest- path tree algorithm and the minimum spanning tree algorithm. The results indicate that our algorithm can calculate a multicast tree with fewer links than the traditional algorithms. Moreover, our algorithm does not increase the total cost. It is applicable to tree calculations for applications such as digital broadcasting or group video conferencing, which maintain service reliability by FRR in the case of a failure.
Fermentation Performance Assessment of a Genomically Integrated Xylose-Utilizing Recombinant of Zymomonas mobilis 39676 (2001)

In pH-controlled batch fermentations with pure sugar synthetic hard-wood hemicellulose (1% [w/v] glucose and 4% xylose) and corn stover hydrolysate (8% glucose and 3.5% xylose) lacking acetic acid, the xylose-utilizing, tetracycline (Tc)-sensitive, genomically integrated variant of Zymomonas mobilis ATCC 39676 (designated strain C25) exhibited growth and fermentation performance that was inferior to National Renewable Energy Laboratory’s first-generation, Tc-resistant, plasmid-bearing Zymomonas recombinants. With C25, xylose fermentation following glucose exhaustion was markedly slower, and the ethanol yield (based on sugars consumed) was lower, owing primarily to an increase in lactic acid formation. There was an apparent increased sensitivity to acetic acid inhibition with C25 compared with recombinants 39676:pZB4L, CP4:pZB5, and ZM4:pZB5. However, strain C25 performed well in continuous fermentation with nutrient-rich synthetic corn stover medium over the dilution range 0.03–0.06/h, with a maximum process ethanol yield at D = 0.03/h of 0.46 g/g and a maximum ethanol productivity of 3 g/(L-h). With 0.35% (w/v) acetic acid in the medium, the process yield at D = 0.04/h dropped to 0.32 g/g, and the maximum productivity decreased by 50% to 1.5 g/(L-h). Under the same operating conditions, rec Zm ZM4:pZB5 performed better; however, the medium contained 20 mg/L of Tc to constantly maintain selective pressure. The absence of any need for antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes makes the chromosomal integrant C25 more compatible with current regulatory specifications for biocatalysts in large-scale commercial operations.
Analysis and simulation of substrate coupling in integrated circuits (1995)

Abstract A technique is presented which allows efficient calculation of substrate‐coupling macromodels in integrated circuits. the technique can be used to calculate node‐to‐node resistances or impedances in substrate models. Examples of the technique applied to several test structures are presented.
The effect of particle size distribution on the dispersion of nanoclays in poly(ethylene terephthalate)/clay nanocomposites (2013)

The effects of clay particle size distributions on their dispersion in poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/clay nanocomposites have been studied. A two-step centrifugation method was used to remove large particles from commercial montmorillonite (MMT). Scanning electron microscopy of aqueous dispersions of MMT and centrifuged clay (CMMT) illustrated that average particle size of CMMT in water is much lower than that of MMT in water. PET/clay nanocomposites with MMT and CMMT were prepared by using a modified melt-blending method of mixing PET and a clay–water slurry instead of direct introduction of dried clay. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction results showed that CMMT with their smaller particles have better dispersion into the polymer matrix than uncentrifuged MMT. Melt viscosity results revealed that good dispersion of CMMT into the PET matrix reduces the effect of hydrolytic degradation of PET in the presence of water. Differential scanning calorimetry results indicated that the particle size distribution of nanoclays and consequently, the morphology of nanocomposites have a key role on the nucleating effect of clay particles and crystallinity of final samples. Nanoclays with smaller particle size distributions exhibit better dispersion of particles in the polymer matrix and this decreases their nucleating effects and the crystallinity of nanocomposites.