gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gallic Acid and Gallic Acid Derivatives: Effects on Drug Metabolizing Enzymes (2003)

Gallic acid and its structurally related compounds are found widely distributed in fruits and plants. Gallic acid, and its catechin derivatives are also present as one of the main phenolic components of both black and green tea. Esters of gallic acid have a diverse range of industrial uses, as antioxidants in food, in cosmetics and in the pharmaceutical industry. In addition, gallic acid is employed as a source material for inks, paints and colour developers. Studies utilising these compounds have found them to possess many potential therapeutic properties including anti-cancer and antimicrobial properties. In this review, studies of the effects of gallic acid, its esters, and gallic acid catechin derivatives on Phase I and Phase II enzymes are examined. Many published reports of the effects of the in vitro effects of gallic acid and its derivatives on drug metabolising enzymes concern effects directly on substrate (generally drug or mutagen) metabolism or indirectly through observed effects in Ames tests. In the case of the Ames test an antimutagenic effect may be observed through inhibition of CYP activation of indirectly acting mutagens and/or by scavenging of metabolically generated mutagenic electrophiles. There has been considerable interest in the in vivo effects of the gallate esters because of their incorporation into foodstuffs as antioxidants and in the catechin gallates with their potential role as chemoprotective agents. Principally an induction of Phase II enzymes has been observed however more recent studies using HepG2 cells and primary cultures of human hepatocytes provide evidence for the overall complexity of actions of individual components versus complex mixtures, such as those in food. Further systematic studies of mechanisms of induction and inhibition of drug metabolising enzymes by this group of compounds are warranted in the light of their distribution and consequent ingestion, current uses and suggested therapeutic potential. However, it must be noted that numerous constituents of foodstuffs have been found to be potent modulators of xenobiotic metabolism and the net human health effects may depend on concentrations of individual components and individual genetic makeup.
A 3D Hand-drawn Gesture Input Device Using Fuzzy ARTMAP-based Recognizer (2006)

In this paper, a novel input device based on 3D dynamic hand-drawn gestures is presented. It makes use of inertial sensor and pattern recognition technique. Fuzzy ARTMAP based recognizer is adopted to realize gesture recognition by using 3-axis acceleration signals directly instead of reproduced trajectories of gestures. The proposed method may relax motion constraints during inputting a gesture, which is more convenient for user. This prototype of input device has been implemented on a remote controller to manipulate TVs. The recognition rate of 20 gestures is higher than 97%. It clearly shows the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed input device. As a result, it is a powerful, flexible interface for modern electronic products.
Bb (2006)

Bureaucracy is a word used to refer to a particular form of organisation that is part of the system of governance in a nation and its possible subcomponents, such as state and local government. Major corporations are also understood to be organised as bureaucracies. Bureaucracy is also used as a pejorative; that is, organisations are criticised for being bureaucracies.
Combined use of cyclosporin A and verapamil in modulating multidrug resistance in human leukemia cell lines. (1990)

This study describes the synergistic interaction of two biochemical modulators, cyclosporin A (CyA) and verapamil (Vp), in multidrug-resistant cells, the highly resistant and moderately resistant variants (CEM/VLB 1000 and CEM/VLB 100) of the parental drug-sensitive T-cell leukemia cell line CEM/CCRF. In the absence of either modulator, the 50% inhibitory concentration for Adriamycin in these cell lines was 270 +/- 10.6 (SD) micrograms/ml, 96 +/- 8.5 micrograms/ml, and 1.5 +/- 0.1 micrograms/ml, respectively. CyA and Vp dramatically reduced multidrug resistance in CEM/VLB 100 and CEM/VLB 1000 in a dose-dependent manner but had no effect on the sensitivity of the parental line to Adriamycin. At a CyA concentration of 8.3 mumol (10 micrograms/ml), the 50% inhibitory concentration of Adriamycin of CEM/VLB 1000 and CEM/VLB 100 fell to 5.9 +/- 0.9 micrograms/ml and 3.3 +/- 0.6 micrograms/ml, respectively. Similarly at a Vp concentration of 10 mumol the 50% inhibitory concentration of Adriamycin of CEM/VLB 1000 and CEM/VLB 100 fell to 23.7 +/- 3.7 micrograms/ml and 5.7 +/- 0.2 micrograms/ml, respectively. More importantly, CyA and Vp showed significant synergism when tested in combination in the moderately resistant line at concentrations normally seen after the clinical administration of these modulators. Synergy was also present when both drugs were tested in the highly resistant variant. These data indicate the need for in vivo studies, given the potential clinical importance of these observations.
Clinical and genetic analysis of a Korean patient with X-linked chondrodysplasia punctata: identification of a novel splicing mutation in the ARSE gene. (2013)

X-linked recessive chondrodysplasia punctata (CDPX1) is a rare congenital disorder of bone and cartilage development, characterized by punctate calcification in areas of endochondral bone formation, leading to stippled epiphyses, severe nasal and midfacial hypoplasia, short stature, and brachytelephalangy. CDPX1 is caused by mutations in the arylsulfatase E (ARSE) gene located on chromosome Xp22.3. Although most affected males have milder symptoms, some have significant medical problems including respiratory compromise and cervical spinal stenosis due to dysplastic vertebrae. Herein, we present the case of a male infant with the characteristic features of CDPX1 and severe spinal cord compression. Direct sequencing analysis revealed a novel variation (c.430G>A) in the ARSE gene that was thought to be a missense mutation (p.Gly144Arg), but proved to be a novel splicing mutation (r.[430g>a; 430_431ins430+1_430+21) adding seven amino acids between p.Ile143 and p.Gly144 (p.Ile143_Gly-144insSerMetTyrValPheLysSer). This report expands the spectrum of mutations of the ARSE gene and, to the best of our knowledge, is the first clinically and genetically confirmed case of CDPX1 with severe spinal cord compression in Korea.
Enforced expression of Hoxa5 in haematopoietic stem cells leads to aberrant erythropoiesis in vivo (2015)

Hoxa5 is preferentially expressed in haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and multipotent progenitor cells (MPPs), and is more highly expressed in expanding HSCs. To date, little is known regarding the role of Hoxa5 in HSCs and downstream progenitor cells in vivo. In this study, we show that increased expression of Hoxa5 in haematopoietic stem cells leads to aberrant erythropoiesis in vivo. Hoxa5 differentially modifies the cell cycle of HSCs and lineage committed progenitor cells, depending on the cellular context. Hoxa5 drives HSCs, but not MPPs, through the cell cycle and arrests erythroid progenitor cells in G0 phase. Although the HSC pool shrinks after overexpression of Hoxa5, HSCs sustain the abilities of self-renewal and multipotency. In vivo, Hoxa5 has two effects on erythropoiesis: it causes a predominance of mature erythroid lineage cells and the partial apoptosis of erythroid progenitors. RNA-seq indicates that multiple biological processes, including erythrocyte homeostasis, cell metabolism, and apoptosis, are modified by Hoxa5. The results of this study indicate that Hoxa5 is a key regulator of the HSC cell cycle, and the inappropriate expression of Hoxa5 in lineage-committed progenitor cells leads to aberrant erythropoiesis.
Document classification utilising ontologies and relations between documents (2010)

Two major types of relational information can be utilized in automatic document classification as background information: relations between terms, such as ontologies, and relations between documents, such as web links or citations in articles. We introduce a model where a traditional bag-of-words type classifier is gradually extended to utilize both of these information types. The experiments with data from the Finnish National Archive show that classification accuracy improves from 70% to 74% when the General Finnish Ontology YSO is used as background information, without using relations between documents.
Results From Open Hole And Cased Hole Vertical Seismic Profiles (1983)

Data and preliminary results are presented from two vertical seismic profiles (VSPs) performed first in an open well and subsequently after the well was cased. Correlation between the VSPs and a seismic line recorded at a distance of 2 184 ft from the well are examined. Field results indicated that recorded waveforms were degraded in intervals of the well where cement bonding was poor, as might be expected. Analysis of the data revealed tube waves present in the cased‐hole VSP.
Transmission and reflection of ultrasonic waves in layered media (1977)

The wave equation is solved to determine the transmission and reflection coefficients for plane waves at oblique incidence on a system of n layers of plane parallel plates. Both shear- and longitudinal-wave properties of the materials are included in the derivation. Equations are presented in a form which will facilitate adaptation to a digital computer. Data measured in the frequency range 100–700 kHz for one, two, and three solid layers immersed in water compare favorable with computer results.
Innovative Fishbone SAGD Well Pair: An Integrated Approach to Efficiently Unlock the Resource Potential in Canadian Oil Sands Play (2015)

Abstract The Surmont Project operated by ConocoPhillips with 50% partnership of Total E&P Canada is located in the Athabasca region of Northern Alberta. An in-situ thermal development method - Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) technology is used to extract the bitumen from the oil sand. Steam is injected into a horizontal injector well to heat up the bitumen so that it will flow with the support of gravity drainage and get produced from a horizontal well immediately below the injector (Butler 1991; Donnely 1997; Farouq 1997; Pirson et al. 1958). Surmont Phase 2 development consists of 11 pads each designed to accommodate 12 producer and injector wells. The full field design of 11 pads require a distance between lateral trajectories of one well pair and the build sections of wells on the other pad in order avoid the wellbore collision. Representing significant OOIP potential to the project, these buffer zones are larger than the average well spacing, but anticollision concerns with the drilling trajectories of the offsetting pads, do not allow for a regular SAGD well pair to be drilled into the zone. Through the multidisciplinary approach between joint venture partners, an innovative “Fishbone Infill Well Pair” concept was developed for the buffer zone between Pad #1 and Pad #5. In the normal SAGD well pair design, the injector well lateral section is planned 5 meters vertically directly above the producer lateral section. In this case, due to the close proximity of the Pad #1 build sections, the fishbone injector lateral section was planned to be offset laterally a distance of 90 meters and a vertical distance of 21 meters to the fishbone producer well. The producer well, drilled under the build sections of Pad #5, has 6 fishbones which will establish the thermal connection with the injectors. The injector fishbone well, drilled over the built sections of Pad #5, was designed to have 2 fishbones towards producer well, and the toe of the main bore was directionally drilled towards the producer well. Significant anti-collision risks were minimized by utilizing active ranging technologies. All fishbones were sidetracked and drilled with a great success in the poorly consolidated McMurray oil sand formation. Special techniques were in place to avoid collapse risk in sidetrack junction points. Pre-selected fishbones both in producer and injector wells by subsurface team were lined with slotted liners. This paper focuses on the planning, design, drilling execution and lessons learned along the process of realization of this fishbone well pair, which is the first design of its kind in the Canadian oil sands.
A geographical analysis of spatial differentials in mobility and self‐care limitations among older Americans (2002)

Abstract In this article we examine regional variations in functional limitations of older Americans. We consider models for ‘life‐long residents’ or those who currently live in their region of birth, and ‘secondary residents’ or those who live in a different region. Sizeable differences in limitations exist, with a higher rate in southern regions. Using a multinomial logit model, we further assess the geographical disparities in functional status while controlling for socioeconomic status (SES) and other characteristics. We conclude that the regional differentials are persistent. Those who have moved away from the south carry a burden of functional limitation with them wherever they go. Simulations based on estimated models suggest that improving individual SES can substantially increase the disability‐free life span, but it cannot completely negate geographical influences. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Brief Analysis on Family Farm (2006)

Family farm is a management way of modern agriculture.Building and developing family farm,turning separating management into concentrated management can accelerate traditional agriculture changing into modern agriculture.
Design and realization of real-time video-processing platform based on DSP and FPGA (2006)

Based on high speed DSP and large scale FPGA,a video capture,processing and display system was developed,which is of miniaturization and low power.In this system,DSP processes images and FPGA implements high speed FIFOs,I~(2)C controller core,synchronization timing generation,interface logic conversion,and so on.By extending the bits of FIFO data ports the transfer bandwidth was increased and the time of occupying EMIF bus was reduced.By the digital delay-locked loop(DLL) the timing precision of the display interface was improved.The software of the system is composed of three levels,(i.e.) driver,management and application,whose benefits are that the design tasks of hardware drivers and arithmetic applications can be separated,and can cooperate with each other.A triple buffering scheme was used for the capture and display,so that the application can always get a new buffer without waiting.It is shown that,this platform is capable of capturing,displaying and processing the full resolution color composite video of PAL/NTSC real-time.
Experimental and theoretical investigation for temperature characteristics and propagation losses of SAWs on SiO/sub 2//Al/LiTaO/sub 3/ (2003)

Improvement of temperature coefficients of frequency (TCFs) for LiTaO/sub 3/ substrate was investigated. SAW resonators formed on SiO/sub 2//Al/36/spl deg/Y-X LiTaO/sub 3/ substrate with various kinds of SiO/sub 2/ relative thickness were examined experimentally and theoretically. A zero TCF at fr was obtained for h//spl lambda//spl cong/0.31, while that at fa was obtained for h//spl lambda//spl cong/0.36 from experiments. Moreover, the experimental propagation losses revealed also different characteristics between fr and fa with regard to h//spl lambda/. These results can not be obtained by the conventional simulation procedures assuming the uniform SiO/sub 2/ film and uniform Al film on LiTaO/sub 3/ substrate. We not only applied the coupled finite-element and analytical-solution method to SiO/sub 2//Al/36/spl deg/Y-X LiTaO/sub 3/ substrate but also assumed same periodic unevenness for the surface of SiO/sub 2/ as that determined from the Al electrodes. Very good agreements between experimental and the theoretical results were achieved.
GeoMAN: Multi-level Attention Networks for Geo-sensory Time Series Prediction (2018)

Numerous sensors have been deployed in different geospatial locations to continuously and cooperatively monitor the surrounding environment, such as the air quality. These sensors generate multiple geo-sensory time series, with spatial correlations between their readings. Forecasting geo-sensory time series is of great importance yet very challenging as it is affected by many complex factors, i.e., dynamic spatio-temporal correlations and external factors. In this paper, we predict the readings of a geo-sensor over several future hours by using a multi-level attention-based recurrent neural network that considers multiple sensors' readings, meteorological data, and spatial data. More specifically, our model consists of two major parts: 1) a multi-level attention mechanism to model the dynamic spatio-temporal dependencies. 2) a general fusion module to incorporate the external factors from different domains. Experiments on two types of real-world datasets, viz., air quality data and water quality data, demonstrate that our method outperforms nine baseline methods.
A "not-so-shallow" parser for collocational analysis (1994)

Collocational analysis is the basis of many studies on lexical acquisition. Collocations are extracted from corpora using more or less shallow processing techniques, that span from purely statistical methods to patial parsers. Our point is that, despite one of the objectives of collocational analysis is to acquire high-coverage lexical data at low human cost, this is often not the case. Human work is in fact required for the initial training of most statistically based methods. A more serious problem is that shallow processing techniques produce a noise that is not acceptable for a fully automated system.We propose in this paper a not-so-shallow parsing strategy that reliably detects binary and ternary relations among words. We show that adding more syntactic knowledge to the recipe significantly improves the recall and precision of the detected collocations, regardless of any subsequent statistical computation, while still meeting the computational requirements of corpus parsers.
Nitrogen content of wheat grain as as indication of potential yield response to nitrogen fertilizer (1963)

Examination of results from a large number of experiments in the wheat growing areas of South Australia has shown a relation between grain yield response to nitrogen fertilizer and both grain nitrogen percentage and the ratio. (Yield of grain)/(Amount of nitrogen in grain and straw) of corresponding unfertilized wheat plants. With Gabo, large yield responses to nitrogen fertilizer were associated with grain nitrogen percentages of less than 2.0 per cent N (9.9 per cent protein). Above 2.3 per cent N (11.3 per cent protein) positive responses to nitrogen were small and some negative responses were found. Similar overall trend were shorn by Insignia 49, Sabre and Quadrat. Exponential regression equations were calculated for Gabo allowing prediction of grain yield response at rates up to 46 lb fertilizer N an acre under conditions which result in grain protein contents of 7.5 to 16 per cent. Most profitable rates of nitrogen fertilizer application were also calculated for several different fertilizer-grain price levels. Possible value of the nitrogen content of wheat grain in the selection of regions, soil types, and cultural practices where nitrogen fertilizer may be used is discussed.
Carbenoxolone Sodium Protects Rat Gastric Mucosa against Ethanol-Induced Necrosis (1981)

Gastric necrosis was induced in the rat by oral administration of absolute ethanol. Carbenoxolone sodium, administered orally, but not intravenously, reduced the severity of ethanol-induced lesions in a dose-responsive manner. Maximum inhibition of lesion formation occurred when carbenoxolone was administered 15 min before ethanol. Our results suggest that carbenoxolone, like prostaglandins, is cytoprotective to the rat gastric mucosa. Similarities in the time response for cytoprotection by these two compounds suggest that they exert their effect by a common mechanism.
Living with lightning (1994)

As many as 100 lightning flashes occur around the world each second. Electric utilities know well the impact of lightning in terms of dollars, lost productivity, and lives. EPRI research, which began with a study of lightning`s natural characteristics, has resulted in tools utilities can use to better track and prepare for thunderstorms. Recently the institute completed a series of tests using small rockets to trigger and direct lightning strikes. Now EPRI-sponsored researchers are developing a laser-based technology they believe will be able to guide thunderbolts safely to the ground and ultimately even to discharge thunderclouds.
An integrated resource scheduling approach on cluster computing systems (2004)

This paper addresses the problem of a unified framework for resource scheduling with emerging constraints that are important in cluster computing systems. Most research in job scheduling study in multi-programmed systems has focused solely on the allocation of processors to jobs. However, since I/O is also a critical resource for many parallel jobs, the allocation of processor and I/O resources must be coordinated to allow the system to operate most effectively. To this end, we present an efficient job scheduling policy for cluster computing systems. We studied the performance of the proposed scheduling policy under various parameters. We also compared the performance of the proposed scheduling policy with a recently proposed scheduling policy. The results show that our policy performs substantially better.
Prognostic significance of tetraspanin CD151 in newly diagnosed glioblastomas (2012)

CD151 seems to have a critical role for high-grade progression in astroglial tumors. Furthermore, CD151 is a good tissue marker that can be used easily in a daily practice for predicting worse prognosis in patients with glioblastoma.
A calibration technique in robotic assembly of hybrid circuits (2002)

A calibration technique used in a robotic cell for surface mount component (SMC) placement with a SEIKO D-TRAN 2000 industrial robot is described. Two automatic processes are available in the calibration scheme proposed. Online teaching requires calibration of peripheral devices in robot working space. It is realized with a special sensor-based robot gripper for SMC handling. When offline programming of the robot cell is active, a numerical method improves relative robot accuracy over a limited critical working area. Computer-based automatic measurement equipment enables fast acquisition of large amounts of data. An iterative inverse kinematic algorithm for required position definition was constructed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Oxide-isolated integrated injection logic (1974)

Integrated injection logic circuits incorporating oxide isolation for optimum speed power performance will be discussed, citing test data from I <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> L/MSI chips with either N+ or oxide isolation structures. A comparison of functional density, power-product, maximum clock rate and process complexity will be presented.