gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i>N</i>‐(2‐Ethylhexyl)carbazole: A New Fluorophore Highly Suitable as a Monomolecular Liquid Scintillator (2016)

The synthesis, photophysical properties, and applications in scintillation counting of N-(2-ethylhexyl)carbazole (EHCz) are reported. This molecule displays all of the required characteristics for an efficient liquid scintillator (emission wavelength, scintillation yield), and can be used without any extra fluorophores. Thus, its scintillation properties are discussed, as well as its fast neutron/gamma discrimination. For the latter application, the material is compared with the traditional liquid scintillator BC-501 A, and other liquid fluorescent molecules classically used as scintillation solvents, such as xylene, pseudocumene (PC), linear alkylbenzenes (LAB), diisopropylnaphthalene (DIN), 1-methylnaphthalene (1-MeNapht), and 4-isopropylbiphenyl (iPrBiph). For the first time, an excimeric form of a molecule has been advantageously used in scintillation counting. A moderate discrimination between fast neutrons and gamma rays was observed in bulk EHCz, with an apparent neutron/gamma discrimination potential half of that of BC-501 A.
The effect of surface active agents on sorption isotherms of a model food system (1968)

Abstract The extent of the capillary condensation phenomenon in the sorption of water by a model food system was studied. The system, composed of microcrystalline cellulose, a hydrocarbon oil, and water, was treated with non‐ionic surface active agents at various concentrations. Desorption and adsorption isotherms were made for triplicate control and treated systems at 37°c., using a desiccator method. During desorption, the surfactants increased the water equilibrium vapor pressure of the model system for all moisture contents, but with adsorption, this effect was observed only up to 50 to 60% RH. The magnitude of the hysteresis loop was diminished in all cases. These over‐all effects were due mainly to a lowering of the liquid surface tension of the water in the pores of the model. Capillarity was analyzed by the Kelvin Equation and existed down to 20% RH, which is close to the monolayer value for most models. In addition, data from low surfactant concentrations indicated that capillarity may extend even below the monolayer. The diminished hysteresis found in our experiments supports the “ink‐bottle” theory of hysteresis.
Regulation of urokinase-type plasminogen activator expression by an ERK1-dependent signaling pathway in a squamous cell carcinoma cell line (1996)

The urokinase-type plasminogen activator contributes to tissue remodeling by controlling the synthesis of the extracellular matrix-degrading plasmin. We undertook a study to determine the role of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) in the regulation of urokinase-type plasminogen activator expression in a squamous cell carcinoma cell line (UM-SCC-1) that contains a transcriptionally activated urokinase-type plasminogen activator gene. Transient transfection studies using a CAT reporter driven by the urokinase-type plasminogen activator promoter, which had progressive 5' deletions or which had been point-mutated, indicated the requirement of binding sites for AP-1 (-1967) and PEA3 (-1973) for its maximal activation. Expression of a mutant jun protein, which lacks the transactivation domain, caused a dose-dependent repression of a CAT reporter driven by either the urokinase-type plasminogen activator promoter or three tandem AP-1 repeats upstream of a thymidine kinase minimal promoter indicating the importance of AP-1-binding transcription factor(s) in the regulation of urokinase-type plasminogen activator synthesis. Mobility shift assays with UM-SCC-1 nuclear extract revealed binding of fos and junD proteins to an oligonucleotide spanning the AP-1 site at -1967. In-gel kinase assays indicated the constitutive activation of ERK1, which regulates fos synthesis via phosphorylation of p62TCF, but not ERK2, in UM-SCC-1 cells. Moreover, the expression of a dominant-negative ERK1, but not ERK2, repressed urokinase-type plasminogen activator promoter activity. Similarly, interfering with the function of the c-raf serine-threonine kinase, which lies upstream of ERK1, by the expression of a kinase-inactive c-raf repressed the activity of a CAT reporter driven by either the urokinase-type plasminogen activator promotor or tandem AP-1 repeats. These data suggest that urokinase-type plasminogen activator expression in UM-SCC-1 cells is regulated partly by an ERK1, but not ERK2, -dependent signaling pathway.
Syk/Src Pathway-Targeted Inhibition of Skin Inflammatory Responses by Carnosic Acid (2012)

Carnosic acid (CA) is a diterpene compound exhibiting antioxidative, anticancer, anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-metabolic disorder, and hepatoprotective and neuroprotective activities. In this study, the effect of CA on various skin inflammatory responses and its inhibitory mechanism were examined. CA strongly suppressed the production of IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1 from keratinocyte HaCaT cells stimulated with sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and retinoic acid (RA). In addition, CA blocked the release of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) from RAW264.7 cells activated by the toll-like receptor (TLR)-2 ligands, Gram-positive bacterium-derived peptidoglycan (PGN) and pam3CSK, and the TLR4 ligand, Gram-negative bacterium-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS). CA arrested the growth of dermatitis-inducing Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms such Propionibacterium acnes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. CA also blocked the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and its upstream signaling including Syk/Src, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), Akt, inhibitor of κBα (IκBα) kinase (IKK), and IκBα for NF-κB activation. Kinase assays revealed that Syk could be direct enzymatic target of CA in its anti-inflammatory action. Therefore, our data strongly suggest the potential of CA as an anti-inflammatory drug against skin inflammatory responses with Src/NF-κB inhibitory properties.
Proposta di un’ortesi per il trattamento dell’anterocollo nell’anziano (2009)

Si illustra una ortesi per la correzione dell’atteggiamento in anterocollo in un soggetto di ottanta anni di età affetto da cervicoartrosi.
Modeling of saturated AC machines including air gap flux harmonic components (1992)

A new saturation model for induction machines that can be easily extended to other types of AC machines is presented. It is shown that saturation is responsible for the generation of flux space harmonic components traveling in the air gap with the same synchronous speed as the fundamental flux component, with the third being the dominant harmonic component. Superposition of the effects of the fundamental and third harmonic components of the air gap flux is utilized in order to model the saturation of the ferromagnetic parts of the machine. The concept of winding functions is used to derive the inductance terms relating to both stator and rotor winding components. In this approach, the air gap length is assumed to be variable, being a function of the position and level of the air gap flux. Terminal and torque values for steady and transient states are obtainable from the proposed model, with experimental results showing that the model proposed predicts spatial saturation effects with good accuracy.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Modular interchangeable high power helical antennas? (2011)

Helical antennas are very appealing for their conformal and relatively small geometries. Moreover, helical antennas can be impulse excited, producing several cycles of resonant energy at a designed frequency, or resonantly-driven by a frequency matched resonator. Applied Physical Electronics, L.C. has previously reported results from impulse excited helical antennas. Those efforts have been continued to result in a family of interchangeable antennas sourced by a common compact pulse power source. This paper describes the system, including the pulse power and the helical antenna loads, supported by simulations and experimental results.
Microengineering of diamond (1999)

Performance of micromechanical systems often relies on extreme material properties. Being the strongest, stiffest and hardest of all materials, exhibiting extreme electromagnetic transparency and wear resistance, and offering the highest possible thermal conductivity and very low friction against most materials, diamond is indeed a unique material. This unsurpassed combination of properties makes diamond a promising candidate in future microstructure technology.Microengineering of diamond has until recently not been possible due to its extreme hardness. However, the development of chemical vapour deposition (CVD) of diamond has opened up new possibilities in this field. Tools and substrate materials can now be coated with a thin layer of polycrystalline diamond, thereby enabling flexible and cost effective production of diamond microcomponents. Thus, diamond'smany unique properties can be exploited in numerous new applications. Several new techniques to shape diamond have been developed, e.g. replication of diamond in a mould, selective deposition, laser ablation, and plasma etching.The aim of the work presented in this thesis was to further develop and improve Microengineering of diamond and demonstrate a number of applications where diamond components could be highly useful. The possibility to create complex microstructures by replication of diamond in silicon moulds is investigated and improved. The possibility to alter and control the wetting abilities of diamondsurfaces, which is essential for many fluidic applications, is explored.Diamond microfluidic channels and systems are made and subsequently tested in biochemical applications like fast liquid chromatography. In another study, diamond's low adhesion and high wear resistance is verified and tested in transfer moulding of abrasive polymer compounds. Furthermore, devices such as diamond coated face seals exhibiting extremely low friction and wear as well as diamond abrasive tips for grinding and shaping hard materials are developed. Finally, a method for mass production of diamond microcomponents is demonstrated, taking Microengineering of diamond further towards the eagerly awaited commercial realisation.
Automated Tension Control System of Track Belt for Bull Dozing Operation (1990)

Automated Tension Control System of Track Belt for Bull Dozing Operation Tatsuro Muro Pages 415-422 (1990 Proceedings of the 7th ISARC, Bristol, United Kingdom, ISSN 2413-5844) Abstract: As the flexibility of track belt running on a weak terrain affects the shape of contact pressure distribution, the flexibility is dominant not only over the trust developed under the track but over the amount of slip linkage at the rear sprocket. Here, the relations between track tension, normal and shear stress distribution, and the amount of static and slip linkages have been presented for a flexible tracked bulldozer running on a weak silty loam terrain by means of the rigorous simmulation programme. As the results, its is clarified that the effective tractive effort increases monotonously and the amount of total sinkage of rear sprocket decreases remarkably with the increment of track tension. For adjusting the track tension to the optimim flexibility corresponding to the running terrain, an automated tension control system of the track belt should be established by use of some track tension sensor or rut depth sensor Keywords: track tension, flexible tracked vehicle, effective tractive effort, weak terrain, sinkage DOI: https://doi.org/10.22260/ISARC1990/0053 Download fulltext Download BibTex Download Endnote (RIS) TeX Import to Mendeley
Free Fatty Acids Increase Androgen Precursors<i>in Vivo</i> (2006)

This study demonstrates that FFAs increase production of androgen precursors in vivo in men. These data tentatively suggest that hyperandrogenemia in polycystic ovary syndrome may be induced, at least in part, by elevated FFAs.
Non‐symbolic halving in an Amazonian indigene group (2013)

Much research supports the existence of an Approximate Number System (ANS) that is recruited by infants, children, adults, and non-human animals to generate coarse, non-symbolic representations of number. This system supports simple arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, and ordering of amounts. The current study tests whether an intuition of a more complex calculation, division, exists in an indigene group in the Amazon, the Mundurucu, whose language includes no words for large numbers. Mundurucu children were presented with a video event depicting a division transformation of halving, in which pairs of objects turned into single objects, reducing the array's numerical magnitude. Then they were tested on their ability to calculate the outcome of this division transformation with other large-number arrays. The Mundurucu children effected this transformation even when non-numerical variables were controlled, performed above chance levels on the very first set of test trials, and exhibited performance similar to urban children who had access to precise number words and a surrounding symbolic culture. We conclude that a halving calculation is part of the suite of intuitive operations supported by the ANS.
ChemInform Abstract: Scandium(III) Perfluorooctanesulfonate (Sc(OPf)3): A Novel Catalyst for the Hetero Diels‐Alder Reaction of Aldehydes with Non‐Activated Dienes. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Facile synthesis of open mesoporous carbon nanofibers with tailored nanostructure as a highly efficient counter electrode in CdSe quantum-dot-sensitized solar cells (2011)

A simple but very efficient reproducible approach was developed to fabricate novel mesoporous carbon nanofibers (MCNFs) with tailored nanostructure by using porous anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) membrane and colloidal silica as hard templates and phenolic resin as a carbon source. The as-prepared MCNFs with a channel diameter of ca. 200 nm reveal uniform one-dimensional (1D) nanofiber structure, created by the replication of the AAO template, and open interconnected spherical mesopores of ca. 30 nm in diameter embedded in the CNFs, mainly controlled by the particle size of the silica template. Due to their large mesopore size and volume, high specific surface area and unique nanostructure constituted by the 1D macro-scaled porous CNF and 3D interconnected mesopore structure, the MCNFs not only possess a large electrochemically active surface area, but also an open highway network favoring rapid electron transfer and fast mass transport. As a counter electrode in a CdSe quantum-dot-sensitized solar cell, the MCNF has demonstrated higher catalytic activity towards the reduction of polysulfide electrolyte and superior photovoltaic performance to its peers such as activated carbon (AC), hollow core/mesoporous shell carbon and ordered multimodal porous carbon, and the commonly used Pt electrode, revealing a fill factor of 0.60 and a power conversion efficiency of up to 4.81%. Excellent photovoltaic performance demonstrated by the MCNF suggests synergetic effects from the combination of 1D and 3D nanostructures.
Therapeutic potential of nucleoside/nucleotide analogues against poxvirus infections (2004)

Several nucleoside and nucleotide analogues have been identified as potent antiviral agents with convincing activity against poxviruses (including variola, vaccinia, monkeypox, cowpox, molluscum contagiosum, orf). Among the nucleoside analogues, 8-methyladenosine and 2-amino-7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]purine (S2242), have been identified as promising anti-poxvirus agents. Among the nucleotide analogues, (S)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)cytosine [(S)-HPMPC, cidofovir], (S)-9-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)-2,6-diaminopurine [(S)-HPMPDAP] and (S)-6-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)oxy-2,4-diaminopyrimidine [(S)-HPMPO-DAPy] have been identified as promising anti-poxvirus agents. These nucleoside and nucleotide analogues have proved to be efficacious in various animal models for poxvirus infections. Only one compound, cidofovir, has also proved efficacious against poxvirus infections in humans, i.e. molluscum contagiosum and orf (sheep pox). Cidofovir is formally licensed for clinical use (intravenous administration for the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis in AIDS patients); however, it could also be formulated for topical administration, or for oral administration in prodrug form, i.e. as 1-O-hexadecyloxypropyl-cidofovir.
Molecular Cloning of a Novel High Molecular Weight Mucin (MG1) from Human Sublingual Gland (1995)

A human sublingual gland cDNA library was screened with a polyclonal antiserum against deglycosylated MG1 and a positive clone, pSM2-1, was isolated which codes for 196 amino acids in the carboxyl-terminal region of this mucin. This region is cysteine-rich and contains a C2-like domain upstream of the extreme carboxyl-terminal domain in which the arrangement of cysteines is nearly identical to that in human von Willebrand factor, human intestinal mucin MUC2, human tracheobronchial mucin MUC5 and porcine and bovine submaxillary gland mucins. Northern analyses with pSM2-1 showed MG1 transcripts are abundant in sublingual gland and barely detectable in submandibular gland. This study provides the first primary sequence data on human salivary mucin MG1 and the significance of the results is discussed with respect to the biosynthesis and differential expression of MG1 in human salivary glands.
Preparation and Some Reactions of Dibenzo-7-silanorbornadiene Derivatives (1986)

Abstract On irradiation, dibenzo-7-silanorbornadienes with bulky substituents on silicon generated the corresponding crowded silylenes that dimerized to kinetically stable disilenes in the absence of trapping agents. Dibenzo-7-silanorbornadienes also underwent a new type of photochemical isomerization competitively.
Quantitative determination of the neutral glycosyl ceramides in human blood (1967)

A method is described for the qualitative and quantitative estimation of four neutral glycosyl ceramides from human plasma and erythrocytes. Total lipids extracted from 50 ml of plasma or packed erythrocytes were separated by silicic acid chromatography into neutral lipids, a fraction of mixed glycolipids that was eluted with acetone-methanol 9:1, and phospholipids. After mild alkali-catalyzed methanolysis to remove contaminants from the crude fraction of glycolipids, individual glycosyl ceramides were isolated by preparative thin-layer chromatography. The oligosaccharide portions of these lipids were characterized by cleavage with methanolic hydrogen chloride and gas chromatography of the O-trimethylsilyl methyl glycosides. It was possible to study the composition of the carbohydrate and sphingolipid base fractions in the same gas chromatographic analysis. With mannitol as an internal standard for gas chromatographic estimation of glucose, concentrations of each of the glycosyl ceramides were determined with a precision of about 10%. Recoveries of the lipids from plasma varied with the complexity of the oligosaccharide moiety and ranged from 94% with glucosyl ceramide to 71% with globoside. Concentrations of the four glycosyl ceramides in plasma and in erythrocytes were determined for samples from young, healthy males. Amounts of glycolipid as low as 0.1 micromole can be determined conveniently by this procedure.
A study on the simple structural phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (2010)

The recombination dynamic of hole and electron and carrier transport mechanism were studied. We demonstrated a efficient green phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) as the doping concentration are varied without hole blocking layer (HBL) and electron transport layer (ETL). In spite of device without HBL and ETL, it is possible to inject the electron from the cathode into the emission layer (EML). It is practicable under the high doping ratio of the dopant in host. The high concentrated doping leads to the direct injection of hole and electron from both electrodes into iridium(III) tris(2-phenylpyridine) [Ir(ppy) <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> ] used as dopant because the workfunction of Al and the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) state of 4,4'-bis[N-(naphthyl)-N-phenyl-amino]biphenyl 4,4'-bis[N-(naphthyl)-N-phenyl-amino]biphenyl (NPB) are nearly aligned with the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and HOMO energy state of Ir(ppy) <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> , respectively.
Growth and nitrogen fixation of field pea and lentil as influenced by herbicides: a three year field study (1988)

A three-year field study was conducted in the Dark Brown and Black Soil Zones of Saskatchewan to assess the effects of trifluralin (Treflan ), metribuzin (Sencor), MCPB (Tropotox), and sethoxydim (Poast) on growth and symbiotic nitrogen fixation of field pea (Pisum sativum cv. Trapper) and lentil (Lens culinaris cv. Eston). Herbicides were applied at Saskatchewan recommended field rates and twice the recommended field rates. Treflan, Sencor, and Poast did not adversely affect plant growth or nitrogen fixation potential of field pea and lentil when applied at recommended field rates. Similarly, application of MCPB at the recommended rate did not adversely affect field pea under normal growing conditions. In some instances, herbicide application at the recommended rate was observed to have a stimulatory effect on growth and nitrogen fixation. In contrast, at application rates in excess of those currently recommended in Saskatchewan, or when plants were severely stressed by unfavorable growing conditions such as poor soil\nmoisture, plant growth, yield, nodulation, and nitrogen fixation were adversely effected by herbicides. These effects were not consistent nor were they predictable. MCPB is not registered for use in lentil and,\nwhen applied in this crop, often resulted in reduced nitrogen fixation and seed yield. In all cases, data suggest that reductions in the nitrogen fixation potential were due to indirect effects of herbicide application on plant growth rather than to direct effects on nodulation and nitrogenase activity.
Prospects for the FEL (Free Electron Laser) (1989)

The future for FELs depends upon the very large number of applications which is envisioned for them. These grow out of the FEL extensive range of wavelengths, tunability, and high power capability. High power requires demonstration of optical guiding. Tunability has already been demonstrated. And the effort to extend the range of wavelengths is ever ongoing. The future will also bring more work on gas-loaded FELs, on electromagnetic wigglers, and on harmonic generation. We can, also, look forward to observation of various new effects, a few of which will be described. Finally, a list of various FEL projects around the world will be given. 12 refs., 5 figs., 8 tabs.