gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AN OPTICAL ASTRONOMICAL SATELLITE TRACKING SYSTEM (2013)

Abstract. This paper presents a satellite tracking method based on optical celestial images. The proposed method is composed of two acquiring modes that are called Sidereal Stare Mode (SSM) and Track Rate Mode (TRM). To track the unknown satellites, first of all the entire of the sky is observed and the primary knowledge of the satellite location is predicted in SSM. Then, the measured pointing data is calculated and used by the telescope to acquire the satellite tracking images at the appropriate time. The framework of SSM contains main steps such as the image correction due to the noise and the image background by applying the iterative filtering methods, the star detection and removal using a double gate filter and PSF concepts, the star identification for image calibration based on a star catalogue, the streak detection of the satellite using the matched filter and finally, the extraction of the celestial coordinate of the satellite as a predicted position. In TRM, the group of star streaks should be identified in the free background image. Then, Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT) is applied and the characteristic of star streaks are extracted. Finally, the centroid of the satellite is estimated precisely by applying a binary mask and the right ascension and declination of it is calculated using astrometric transformation parameters. In this study, the searching and tracking algorithms is applied on the simulation images to detect and identify the satellite position in the sky. Therefore, a telescope along with a CCD camera is simulated to generate sequences images using the well-known star catalogues, the optical and orbital parameters. The precise celestial coordinate of a real satellite and two fictitious satellites are obtained from simulated images. The study results show that the accuracy of the satellite estimated position after star calibration is better than 5 arc seconds and the satellites tracking accuracy is around 1–3 arc seconds.
THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF QUOTA RENTS IN A DYNAMIC INTERNATIONAL TRADE MODEL* (1995)

This paper considers the implications of allowing quota rents to become capitalized. Capitalized quota rents crowd out physical capital in savers’portfolios, reducing the capital stock. Capitalization of quota rents also makes removal of the quota politically more difficult, since those currently alive may not be able to fully compensate the losers before the losers die. I use an overlapping generations model to provide examples which illustrate the difficulty of removing a quota once its rents have been fully capitalized. This work has implications for any policy which could lead to capitalized rents.
Lynch's Medical Laboratory Technology Third Edition (1976)

VOLUME I
Section 1 Chemistry
Section 2 Microbiology

VOLUME II
Section 3 Histology
Section 4 Hematology and Blood Bank
Section 5 Human Cyptogenetics
Section 6 Cytology
Flow Rate Regularity in Rotary Trochoidal-Lobe Pumps (1994)

Abstract This paper analyses a particular type of rotary positive-displacement pumps with lobes having epitrochoidal flanks, whose distinctive feature is that of providing a strictly constant geometric instantaneous flow rate. The pump design is analysed from geometric and kinematical points of view. Then the behavior of this type of lobe pump is compared with that of involute gear pumps.
A Pyk2–Vav1 complex is recruited to β3-adhesion sites to initiate Rho activation (2009)

Integrin alphavbeta3-mediated adhesion of haemopoietic cells to vitronectin results in beta3 tyrosine phosphorylation and Rho activation which is necessary for adhesion. Previously, we have shown that the RhoGEF (Rho guanine-nucleotide-exchange factor) Vav1 could associate indirectly with alphavbeta3 during leucocyte adhesion to vitronectin. In the present study, we have identified the non-receptor tyrosine kinase Pyk2 (proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2) as the adaptor protein that links Vav1 with alphavbeta3. The association of Pyk2 and Vav1 with beta3 relies on the presence of Tyr747 in beta3, the primary site of beta3 phosphorylation. However, association of Pyk2 with Vav1 is independent of beta3 tyrosine phosphorylation. Formation of a Pyk2-Vav1 complex occurs upon cell adhesion and Pro717 of Pyk2 plays a key role in Pyk2 interaction with Vav1. Utilizing purified recombinant proteins, we confirmed the direct interaction between Pyk2 and Vav1 In vitro. Cells transfected with GFP (green fluorescent protein)-Pyk2-P717A demonstrated severely suppressed cytoskeletal reorganization, impaired Vav1 recruitment, decreased Rho GTPase activation and loss of cell adhesion. Using siRNA (small interfering RNA) to specifically reduce Pyk2 levels in cells resulted in disrupted association between Vav1 and beta3 and impaired cell adhesion. These results indicate that Pyk2 is a critical signalling molecule downstream of beta3 integrin tyrosine phosphorylation and mediates Vav1 recruitment to accomplish actin reorganization necessary for adhesion.
Neural Density Estimation and Likelihood-free Inference (2019)

I consider two problems in machine learning and statistics: the problem of estimating the joint probability density of a collection of random variables, known as density estimation, and the problem of inferring model parameters when their likelihood is intractable, known as likelihood-free inference. The contribution of the thesis is a set of new methods for addressing these problems that are based on recent advances in neural networks and deep learning.
Fluid Flow (1988)

Given that a processing plant is a network of pipes and vessels, it is clearly important to be able to size every pump and all of the pipes. Thus techniques to calculate the pressure drop between the ends of each pipe are important. As detailed later, there are two main types of flow which will simply be called ‘ordered streamline’ and ‘chaotic turbulent’ for the moment. Detailed knowledge of the flow pattern is unimportant when calculating the pressure drop. Knowledge of pipe size, viscosity, density and velocity of the fluid enable the engineer to select the appropriate equation. The one equation for ‘ordered streamline’ flow and the small set of equations for ‘chaotic turbulent’ flow will be given later.
Application of Phonological Knowledge in Audio Word Spotting (1998)

This paper describes the use of phonological knowledge to enhance current audio word spotting technology based on Hidden Markov Model. It reports on the result of an word-spotting experiment done on an audio data recorded from a live conference. The result of the experiment demonstrates the positive contribution of phonological knowledge towards audio word-spotting.
Coding of arbitrarily-shaped image blocks based on a constrained quantization (2008)

Coding of arbitrarily-shaped image/video segments is important to achieving the object-based coding - which is a key technique in many multimedia applications. MPEG-4 suggested a low-pass-extrapolation (LPE) padding method to handle each boundary block of an arbitrary shape. In this paper, we develop a constrained quantization technique and apply it to each LPE-padded boundary block. This ‘smart’ quantization is performed in such a way that the pixel-domain MSE distortion due to the DCT domain quantization is shaped as much as possible onto all padded pixels — as these pixels will be thrown away in the end. In the meantime, all pixels in each original boundary block would be coded with an improved quality. Compared to the normal rounding-based quantization used in the original MPEG-4’s LPE scheme, our new quantization needs some extra computations at the quantization stage in the encoding procedure but keeps the decoding complexity unchanged, while offering a remarkable coding gain — as demonstrated by some simulation results.
Assay of Ristocetin Co‐factor using Fixed Platelets and a Platelet Counting Technique (1977)

SUMMARY. A new assay of ristocetin co‐factor has been developed which is based on platelet counting using a Coulter Counter. A modified method of washing and fixing platelets has also been devised to provide a suitable platelet preparation which can be used in this assay. These fixed platelets have consistently proved to be satisfactory and have given high levels of maximum percentage aggregation. They have been stored for periods up to 6 months without significant deterioration. The method of platelet counting is simple in operation and sensitive to relatively low levels of platelet aggregation. It is precise and seems to offer distinct advantages over existing methods.
Ferric iron reduction by Cryptococcus neoformans (1997)

The pathogenic yeast Cryptococcus neoformans must reduce Fe(III) to Fe(II) prior to uptake. We investigated mechanisms of reduction using the chromogenic ferrous chelator bathophenanthroline disulfonate. Iron-depleted cells reduced 57 nmol of Fe(III) per 10(6) cells per h, while iron-replete cells reduced only 8 nmol of Fe(III). Exponential-phase cells reduced the most and stationary-phase cells reduced the least Fe(III), independent of iron status. Supernatants from iron-depleted cells reduced up to 2 nmol of Fe(III) per 10(6) cells per h, while supernatants from iron-replete cells reduced 0.5 nmol of Fe(III), implying regulation of the secreted reductant(s). One such reductant is 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3HAA), which was found at concentrations up to 29 microM in iron-depleted cultures but <2 microM in cultures supplemented with iron. Moreover, when washed and resuspended in low iron medium, iron-depleted cells secreted 20.4 microM 3HAA, while iron-replete cells secreted only 4.5 microM 3HAA. Each mole of 3HAA reduced 3 mol of Fe(III), and increasing 3HAA concentrations correlated with increasing reducing activity of supernatants; however, 3HAA accounted for only half of the supernatant's reducing activity, indicating the presence of additional reductants. Finally, we found that melanized stationary-phase cells reduced 2 nmol of Fe(III) per 10(6) cells per h--16 times the rate of nonmelanized cells--suggesting that this redox polymer participates in reduction of Fe(III).
On-the-Fly Massively Multitemporal Change Detection Using Statistical Quality Control Charts and Landsat Data (2013)

One challenge to implementing spectral change detection algorithms using multitemporal Landsat data is that key dates and periods are often missing from the record due to weather disturbances and lapses in continuous coverage. This paper presents a method that utilizes residuals from harmonic regression over years of Landsat data, in conjunction with statistical quality control charts, to signal subtle disturbances in vegetative cover. These charts are able to detect changes from both deforestation and subtler forest degradation and thinning. First, harmonic regression residuals are computed after fitting models to interannual training data. These residual time series are then subjected to Shewhart X-bar control charts and exponentially weighted moving average charts. The Shewhart X-bar charts are also utilized in the algorithm to generate a data-driven cloud filter, effectively removing clouds and cloud shadows on a location-specific basis. Disturbed pixels are indicated when the charts signal a deviation from data-driven control limits. The methods are applied to a collection of loblolly pine ( Pinus taeda) stands in Alabama, USA. The results are compared with stands for which known thinning has occurred at known times. The method yielded an overall accuracy of 85%, with the particular result that it provided afforestation/deforestation maps on a per-image basis, producing new maps with each successive incorporated image. These maps matched very well with observed changes in aerial photography over the test period. Accordingly, the method is highly recommended for on-the-fly change detection, for changes in both land use and land management within a given land use.
Trifluoromethyl-bromo-phosphines and Phosphoranes<sup>1</sup> (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTrifluoromethyl-bromo-phosphines and Phosphoranes1Anton B. Burg and James E. GriffithsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 14, 3514–3517Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01499a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01499a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views75Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Activation of a pertussis‐toxin‐sensitive guanine‐nucleotide‐binding regulatory protein during desensitization of <i>Dictyostelium discoideum</i> cells to chemotactic signals (1991)

The chemoattractant cAMP induces the activation of adenylate cyclase in Dictyostelium discoideum. Upon prolonged incubation with cAMP, cells become desensitized via two distinct processes: a decrease in the number of available cAMP-binding sites (down regulation) and modification of the receptor (presumably via phosphorylation) correlated with adaptation. These processes occur simultaneously, but differ in the cAMP dose dependency and reversibility. In this study we investigated the mechanism of adaptation; cells were incubated with a cAMP analog to induce desensitization mediated by adaptation. The cells were then washed, lysed and the interaction between cAMP, receptor, guanine-nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins (G proteins) and GTP was investigated. (1) cAMP receptors that are phosphorylated in vivo remain phosphorylated for at least 45 min after lysis. (2) Desensitization did not alter basal cAMP binding to the receptor nor the inhibitory effect of guanosine 5'-[gamma-thio]triphosphate (GTP[S]) on this binding. (3) The stimulatory effect of cAMP on GTP[S] binding was also unchanged, while basal GTP[S] binding and the kinetics of binding were only slightly different. (4) Basal high-affinity GTPase activity was not altered but cAMP stimulation was reduced from 43 +/- 7% in control lysates to 14 +/- 4% in lysates from desensitized cells. (5) cAMP stimulation of GTPase was decreased by pretreatment of cells with pertussis toxin from 43 +/- 7% to 17 +/- 8% but this was not further altered in lysates from desensitized pertussis-toxin-treated cells. These observations indicate that during desensitization the phosphorylated receptor can still interact with G proteins. Furthermore, desensitization did not affect cAMP stimulation of GTP[S] binding but strongly reduced cAMP stimulation of GTPase, suggesting that a G protein becomes activated. This G protein is pertussis toxin sensitive and may be the inhibitor G protein (Gi). This would imply that adenylate cyclase desensitizes because Gi becomes activated.
Re-integratiemarkt en bezuiningen (2011)

We spreken met drs. Elly Zeef, directeur van Mind at Work over gevolgen van bezuiningen op de re-integratiemarkt. Zij beheert deze organisatie in Midden-nederland met in totaal 47 man personeel. Daarbij is ze sinds 2010 bestuurslid van brancheorganisatie Boaborea.
A Business Service Network to Aid Collaboration between Small to Medium Enterprises (2006)

Short term integration repeated multiple times in a year can create complex and potentially damaging integration architectures for the small to medium enterprise (SME). The solution to this problem proposed in this paper is a model which involves building business service networks (BSNs) based around a dynamic community approach to integration. The model is implemented using a grid service architecture and applies existing work on dynamic virtual organisations in the area of business to business integration
College Students’ Attitude Toward and Learning of Differentiated Instruction in Products (2014)

Teachers should adjust their curriculum and instructional practice to meet the needs of individual learners, because one size does not fit all (Kaplan, Rogers, &Webster, 2008; Tomlinson, 2003). This study focuses on the implementation of differentiated instruction in products, “tiered assignments,” in a Children’s English class in a teacher education program in Taiwan. The study concludes that 52 college students held a positive attitude toward these tiered assignments and that they learned theories and instructional strategies not only from lectures and tasks in the university classes but also from completing different choices. Another important finding is that participants’ choice of completing these assignments is based on the level of easy of the assignments. Two suggestions are made to effectively implement differentiated instruction in products in teacher education programs in terms of explicitly modeling and explaining differentiated instruction in products and designing tiered assignments based on the levels of challenge as well as learners’ readiness, interests and profiles.
Efficient one-pass chase soft-decision BCH decoder for multi-level cell NAND flash memory (2011)

BCH codes are adopted in multi-level cell NAND flash memory to increase the storage reliability. Compared with hard-decision decoding of BCH codes, the soft-decision Chase algorithm can achieve significant coding gain by carrying out decoding trials on 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">η</sup> test vectors. To reduce the complexity of the Chase decoding, a one-pass scheme can be employed to derive the error locators of all test vectors in one run. In this paper, a novel technique is first proposed to reduce the latency and simplify the computation scheduling of the one-pass Chase decoding. Then efficient architectures are developed for the modified one-pass decoding. The hardware complexity of the proposed decoder with η = 4 is analyzed for a (4200, 4096) BCH code. Compared to other soft-decision BCH decoding algorithms, it can achieve much better performance-complexity tradeoff.
Estrogen, A Double-Edged Sword: Modulation of TH1- and TH2-Mediated Inflammations by Differential Regulation of TH1 / TH2 Cytokine Production (2004)

Estrogen appears to play a central role in the immune response and immune-mediated diseases. Estrogen receptors are expressed in a variety of immunocompetent cells, including CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells and macrophages. Clinical observations indicate that some autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis, frequently remit during pregnancy but exacerbate, or have their onset during the postpartum period. Pharmacological levels of estrogen also appear to ameliorate certain autoimmune diseases. In addition, estrogen is known to suppress certain infectious diseases, as well as T cell-mediated responses toward oxazolone, keyhol lympet hemocyanin, Listeria soluble protein and purified protein derivatives. The immune basis for these phenomena is poorly understood. Based on a distinctive profile of cytokine production, data accumulated thus far have revealed modulatory effects for estrogen on the TH1-type and TH2-type cells, which represent two polarized forms of the effector specific immune response. Recent evidence indicates that estrogens inhibit the production of TH1 proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-12, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma, whereas they stimulate the production of TH2 anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-10, IL-4, and TGF-beta. This can explain why estrogen suppresses and potentiates TH1- and TH2-mediated diseases, respectively. We hypothesize that exacerbation or suppression of inflammatory diseases by estrogen is mediated by skewing TH1-type to TH2-type response. This view represents a novel mechanism for the modulatory effect of estrogen on certain inflammatory diseases that can lead to beneficial or detrimental impacts depending on the type of immune involved. Such a concept is valuable when considering the application of combination therapies that include estrogen.
Pulsed plasma microthruster for synchronous meteorological satellite/SMS/ (1973)

Two completely self contained variable thrust flight prototype plasma propulsion systems using solid teflon as propellant were designed, built and laboratory tested. The impulse bit amplitude of each thruster is 25 micro lb-sec. Impulse bits can be provided at rates varying from 50 ppm to 110 ppm. The total impulse capability is 400 lb-sec. Only 23 watts of bus power are required at maximum pulse rate. The system was subjected and passed the required vibration schedule and thermal vacuum test after a minor change in capacitor end face material. A 13 million discharge life test of the system was subsequently performed.
Severe haemolysis with the St. Jude Medical prosthesis (1988)

The St. Jude Medical prosthesis has become one of the most widely used mechanical heart valves because of its excellent haemodynamic function. Although subclinical haemolysis has been described with this prosthesis, there has only been a single report of frank haemolysis in the absence of a paravalvular leak. We report the occurrence of severe haemolysis in five patients following St Jude Medical prosthesis implantation, four of whom had combined aortic and mitral valve replacements. In no patient could the haemolysis be attributed either to a paravalvular leak or an obvious valve malfunction.
건축저작권 보호를 위한 입법적 정비방안 (2014)

저작물이란 사상이나 감정을 문학, 학술, 예술 등으로 표현한 창작물이며, 우리 저작권법은 저작물을 크게 어문저작물, 음악저작물, 연극저작물, 미술저작물, 건축저작물, 사진저작물, 영상저작물, 도형저작물, 컴퓨터프로그램저작물의 9가지 유형으로 구분하고 있다. 그 중에서 건축저작물을 눈여겨 볼 수 있다.
건축저작물이란 건축에 관련된 저작물로서 일반적으로...
Palladium-Catalyzed <i>Meta</i>-Selective C–H Bond Activation with a Nitrile-Containing Template: Computational Study on Mechanism and Origins of Selectivity (2013)

Density functional theory investigations have elucidated the mechanism and origins of meta-regioselectivity of Pd(II)-catalyzed C-H olefinations of toluene derivatives that employ a nitrile-containing template. The reaction proceeds through four major steps: C-H activation, alkene insertion, β-hydride elimination, and reductive elimination. The C-H activation step, which proceeds via a concerted metalation-deprotonation (CMD) pathway, is found to be the rate- and regioselectivity-determining step. For the crucial C-H activation, four possible active catalytic species-monomeric Pd(OAc)2, dimeric Pd2(OAc)4, heterodimeric PdAg(OAc)3, and trimeric Pd3(OAc)6-have been investigated. The computations indicated that the C-H activation with the nitrile-containing template occurs via a Pd-Ag heterodimeric transition state. The nitrile directing group coordinates with Ag while the Pd is placed adjacent to the meta-C-H bond in the transition state, leading to the observed high meta-selectivity. The Pd2(OAc)4 dimeric mechanism also leads to the meta-C-H activation product but with higher activation energies than the Pd-Ag heterodimeric mechanism. The Pd monomeric and trimeric mechanisms require much higher activation free energies and are predicted to give ortho products. Structural and distortion energy analysis of the transition states revealed significant effects of distortions of the template on mechanism and regioselectivity, which provided hints for further developments of new templates.