gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ba2Ce3/4SbO6, a Rietveld refinement of neutron powder diffraction data (1993)

Dibarium cerium antimonate, Ba 2 Ce 3/4 -SbO 6 , M r =597.52, tetragonal, I4/mmm. At room temperature, a=8.4562 (1), c=17.0002 (4) A, V=1215.64 (2) A 3 , Z=8, D x =6.5297 (1) Mg m -3 , μR=0.15, λ=2.5717 (1) A, R wp =2.85%. The structure has been refined using Rietveld analysis of neutron powder diffraction data recorded for 106 reflections. The structure is a perovskite with complete order of CeO 6 and SbO 6 octahedra. Ordered vacancies in the cerium sublattice give rise to a superstructure
The genus Xenorhabdus: entomopathogenic bacteria for use in teaching general microbiology (1993)

In our laboratory research during\nthe past few years, the authors have\nbeen isolating and studying various\nspecies of insect-pathogenic bacteria in the genus Xenorhabdus. These appear\nto be excellent subjects for laboratory\nstudies of microbiology, pathology/\nparasitology, and symbiosis.\nIn this paper, we present a brief description\nof these fascinating bacteria\nand their life cycle, followed by a protocol\nthat can be easily adapted for\nclassroom teaching.
Prognostic significance of the number of positive lymph nodes in gastric carcinoma (1994)

A total of 195 patients with node-positive gastric carcinoma who were treated by curative gastrectomy and lymphadenectomy were studied to evaluate the prognostic significance of the number of metastatic lymph nodes. Univariate analysis showed that the number and level of positive nodes, tumour size and depth of invasion, and type of gastrectomy were significantly related to patient survival. Multivariate analysis indicated that the number of positive nodes (up to six versus seven or more; relative risk 2.91), depth of invasion (three levels; relative risk 1.83) and histological type (well versus poorly differentiated; relative risk 0.63) were independently correlated with survival. The results indicate that the total number of positive nodes is the most significant prognostic factor in patients with node-positive gastric carcinoma.
Collection of Airborne Fluorinated Organics and Analysis by Gas Chromatography/Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry (2002)

The ubiquitous detection of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in humans and animals has produced a need for sensitive and compound-specific analytical methods to determine the environmental distribution of fluorinated organic contaminants. A suite of potential PFOS precursors (sulfonamides) and fluorotelomer alcohols (FTOHs) were separated by gas chromatography and detected by chemical ionization mass spectrometry (GC/CI-MS). Full-scan spectra were collected in both positive and negative chemical ionization (PCI and NCI, respectively) mode to determine retention time windows and fragmentation patterns. In selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode, instrumental detection limits ranged from 0.2 to 20 pg for individual analytes, depending on ionization mode. PCI mode was preferred for routine analysis because of the simple mass spectra produced, typified by the presence of a major molecular ion [M + H]+. High-volume air samplers collected gaseous and particle-bound fluoroorganics on composite media consisting of XAD-2, polyurethane foam (PUF), and quartz-fiber filters. The combined collection efficiency for individual analytes was 87 to 136% in breakthrough experiments. Application of the method to the analysis of ambient air from urban and rural sites confirmed the presence of six novel fluorinated atmospheric contaminants at picogram per meter3 concentrations. Low concentrations of fluoroorganics were consistently detected in blanks (<4 pg m(-3)); however, this did not prevent confirmation or quantification of environmental concentrations.
Radial Pressure Pulse and Heart Rate Variability in Heat‐ and Cold‐Stressed Humans (2010)

This study aims to explore the effects of heat and cold stress on the radial pressure pulse (RPP) and heart rate variability (HRV). The subjects immersed their left hand into 45°C and 7°C water for 2 minutes. Sixty healthy subjects (age 25 ± 4 yr; 29 men and 31 women) were enrolled in this study. All subjects underwent the supine temperature measurements of the bilateral forearms, brachial arterial blood pressure, HRV and RPP with a pulse analyzer in normothermic conditions, and thermal stresses. The power spectral low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF) components of HRV decreased in the heat test and increased in the cold test. The heat stress significantly reduced radial augmentation index (AIr) (P < .05), but the cold stress significantly increased AIr (P < .01). The spectral energy of RPP did not show any statistical difference in 0 ~ 10 Hz region under both conditions, but in the region of 10 ~ 50 Hz, there was a significant increase (P < .01) in the heat test and a significant decrease in the cold test (P < .01). The changes in AIr induced by heat and cold stress were significantly negatively correlated with the spectral energy in the region of 10 ~ 50 Hz (SE(10-50 Hz)) but not in the region of 0 ~ 10 Hz (SE(0-10 Hz)). The results demonstrated that the SE(10-50 Hz), which only possessed a small percentage in total pulse energy, presented more physiological characteristics than the SE(0-10 Hz) under the thermal stresses.
Recycled Polyolefin-Based Plastic Wastes for Sound Absorption (2006)

Recycling of high-volume polyolefin-based packaging wastes in India is challenging, as they have low recycle value, high levels of contamination, and lack of direct processing methods. This work discusses a two-stage mechanical processing method for recycling the polyolefin-based plastic wastes that are not conventionally recycled. With the objective of improving specific properties like sound absorption and noise reduction, inhomogeneities were introduced in the recycled product. This was achieved by mixing polyolefin-based packaging wastes with other waste materials such as plastic-coated aluminium foils, expanded polystyrene, and coir pith in varying quantities. More than 30 times volume reduction was achieved by a two-stage compression molding process. The sound absorption properties of the recycled materials are found to be comparable to expanded polystyrene and glass wool when small quantities (2–3 wt%) of materials like expanded polystyrene waste and coir pith were added. Impact strength of the recycled material decreased with increasing amounts of secondary additives like metal foils. Flexural strength of the recycled material was found to be maximum at about 30 wt% of metal foils. The end product could find applications in the construction industry due to the sound-absorption properties and the mechanical strength. Keywords: RecyclingPolyolefin wasteSound absorptionMetal foilsCoir pithExpanded polystyreneRecycling of packaging materials
Flow over yawed circular cylinders: Wall pressure spectra and flow regimes (2003)

The fluctuating wall pressure on a circular cylinder in cross flow has been investigated experimentally in a water tunnel to examine the effect of yaw angle on the spectral characteristics of the wall pressure field and to provide insight into the periodic and turbulent structures of the flow. Wall pressure was measured at five azimuthal positions around the periphery of the cylinder for seven yaw angles from α=90° (normal flow) to α=0° (axial flow) at three subcritical Reynolds numbers (ReD=7200, 13 500, 27 600). As the yaw angle is varied from α=90° to 0°, large systematic and nonmonotonic variations in both the narrowband (periodic vortex shedding) and broadband (turbulent) spectral levels occur. The results provide additional insight into the structural characteristics of the yawed cylinder flow regimes over that which has been identified previously through measurements of mean wall forces and flow field characteristics. Significant Reynolds number effects were also observed over the range of the measurements, particularly at small yaw angles, that may indicate fundamental shifts in the structure of the wake or underlying regime transition mechanisms. Possible effects due to vortex-induced cylinder vibrations are not entirely clear but predominantly confined to the larger yaw angles. Simultaneous wall pressure, cylinder vibration, radiated acoustic pressure, and wake velocity measurements are required to appropriately isolate the various potential contributions to the wall pressure field and thus provide a clearer understanding of the underlying boundary layer separation, transitional wake, and fluid-structural coupling mechanisms.
Influence of extrusion ratio on the thermal properties and morphology of ultradrawn high‐density polyethylene (1978)

Abstract Solid‐state extrusion of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) has received considerable attention. It has been shown that extrudate may have high values of optical clarity, tensile modulus (∼70 GPa = 7 × 10 11 dyn/cm 2 ), and c ‐axis orientation. The effects of extrusion conditions on the properties of the resultant fibers have, however, not yet been clarified. A systematic study has thus been made here to evaluate extrusion pressure, temperature, and extrusion (draw) ratio, and the molecular weight of extruded HDPE. The effects of extrusion ratio on the degree of crystallinity, melting behavior, crystal orientation, and dimensional change along the extrusion direction are reported.
Methylobacterium gnaphalii sp. nov., isolated from leaves of Gnaphalium spicatum (2011)

A pink-pigmented, facultatively methylotrophic bacterium, strain 23e(T), was isolated from the leaves of Gnaphalium spicatum (cudweed). The cells of strain 23e(T) were Gram-reaction negative, motile and non-spore-forming rods. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, strain 23e(T) was related to Methylobacterium organophilum ATCC 27886(T) (97.1%) and Methylobacterium marchantiae JT1(T) (97%), and the phylogenetic similarities to all other Methylobacterium species with validly published names were less than 97%. Major cellular fatty acids were C(18:1)ω7c, C(16:00) and C(18:0). The results of DNA-DNA hybridization, phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA and cpn60 gene sequences, fatty acid profiles, whole-cell matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight/MS analysis, physiological and biochemical tests allowed genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain 23e(T) from the phylogenetically closest relatives. We propose that strain 23e(T) represents a novel species within the genus Methylobacterium, for which the name Methylobacterium gnaphalii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 23e(T) (=DSM 24027(T)=NBRC 107716(T)).
ASSESSMENT OF SATURATION CHANGES AROUND CAVITIES AND THE IMPACT ON SEISMIC WAVES (2013)

According to theory, seismic methods should be able to identify cavities. The high impedance contrast between the rock (fast velocity, high density) and the air (slow velocity, low density) should produce strong reflections and refractions off the cavity wall. In practice, however, cavities are not always easily detected. Changes in pore saturation, fracturing, and stress near the wall of the cavity may decrease the impedance contrast and diffuse the rock/air interface. To determine the impact of these effects on seismic waves, we first aim to understand the hydrological processes in the medium surrounding the cavity. We simulate flow through the vadose zone to provide insight into how a cavity alters saturation. Next we examine how this saturation affects seismic velocities. The Biot-Gassmann theory is typically used to predict velocities from variant saturation in rocks. However, in poorly consolidated, shallow media, this theory tends to over-predict velocities. Brutsaert's (1964) theory is based on that of Biot but also accounts for capillary pressure and more accurately predicts velocities in poorly consolidated, shallow media. We use Brutsaert's theory for the poorly consolidated, shallow material and the Biot-Gassmann theory for more consolidated, deeper materials to predict seismic velocities from our saturation models. Finally, we use a wave propagation code to simulate seismic waves through the saturation models. Results are presented from hydrology models for 3 cases: one with the cavity far above the water table, one with the cavity just above the water table and within the capillary fringe, and one below the water table with the cavity being drained. We also present the results of seismic wave propagation through these models to determine the impact these effects have on seismic waves. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
Comparison of different template structures for high quality and self-separation thick GaN growth (2010)

Two different template structures of dot air-bridges and nanorods were used for 300 µm GaN growth by hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE). The selective growth of arrays of dot air-bridges and nanorods whose sidewalls coated with SiO<sub>2</sub> are identified and exploited to form a compliant layer to decouple the impact due to the different thermal expansion and lattice mismatch between 300 µm overgrown GaN layer and the host sapphire substrate. As the process temperature cooling down from 1050 °C to room temperature in HVPE system, the 300 μm freestanding GaN substrates were obtained by the self-separation. The dislocation density was estimated by both the etching pit density method and cathodoluminescence (CL). The dislocation densities of the freestanding bulk GaN were lower than 5×10<sup>6</sup> and 5×10<sup>7</sup> cm<sup>-2</sup> for the template structure of dot air-bridges and nanorods structure, respectively.
Electrophilic substitution at saturated carbon. XXXIII. Stereochemical fate of the .alpha.-sulfonylcarbanion in which both anion and sulfone groups are incorporated in five-membered ring systems (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrophilic substitution at saturated carbon. XXXIII. Stereochemical fate of the .alpha.-sulfonylcarbanion in which both anion and sulfone groups are incorporated in five-membered ring systemsDonald James. Cram and Thomas A. WhitneyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1967, 89, 18, 4651–4661Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00994a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00994a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views122Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fast decoding of the hexagonal lattice with applications to power efficient multi-level modulation systems (1992)

The hexagonal lattice is important for many signal processing problems in 2-D space. In particular, it was known in the early 60's that the lattice is asymptotically optimal for 2-D signal constellation. However, in the past three decades, most modem designers believed that the honeycomb constellation (HC) is impractical. One main difficulty is its complicated data decision operations. A fast decoding algorithm for the hexagonal lattice is proposed, so that the resultant HC demodulator is much simpler than the existing ones.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Chemical structure and genotoxic activity of the hepatocarcinogenic beta-blocker DL-ZAMI 1305 (1990)

A single administration of the sex-dependent hepatocarcinogenic beta-blocker DL-1-(2-nitro-3-methyl-phenoxy)3-tert-butylamino-propan-2-ol (DL-ZAMI 1305) induces liver DNA damage, as evaluated by alkaline sucrose gradient analysis, in female but not in male Fisher 344 rats. The shift of the methyl-group from the 3-position of the aromatic ring of DL-ZAMI 1305 to the 4- and 5-position causes the progressive decrease of the genotoxic activity of the molecule. No effect on the DNA-damaging capacity of DL-ZAMI 1305 is instead observed when the NO2 group of the aromatic ring is reduced to an NH2 group. Bis-demethylation of the side chain of DL-ZAMI 1305, or its modification to an alpha-hydroxicarboxylic acid or glycol, increases the DNA-damaging capacity of the molecule, which becomes genotoxic also for the liver of the male rat. Thus, modifications of the chemical structure of the aromatic ring or of the side chain of DL-ZAMI 1305 affect the genotoxic activity of the molecule both in male and female rat liver. The modifications of the side chain of DL-ZAMI 1305 investigated in the present work are likely to occur in vivo as a consequence of the hepatic metabolism of the molecule. Sex-dependent differences in the activity of the liver drug-metabolizing system might explain the different genotoxic and oncogenic activity of DL-ZAMI 1305 in the two sexes.
A short scan helical FDK cone beam algorithm based on surfaces satisfying the Tuy's condition (2005)

FDK method is the most popular cone beam algorithm to date. Traditionally, short scan helical FDK algorithms have been implemented based on horizontal transaxial slices. However, not even, point on the horizontal transaxial slice satisfies Tuy's condition for the corresponding (pi+fan angle) segment of helix, which means that some points on the horizontal slices are incompletely sampled and are impossible to be exactly reconstructed In this paper, we propose and implement an improved short scan helical cone beam FDK algorithm based on nutating curved surfaces satisfying the Tuy's condition. This surface is defined by averaging PI surfaces emanating the initial and final source points of a (pi+fan angle) segment of helix. One of the key characteristics of the surface is that every point on it satisfies the Tuy's condition for the corresponding (pi+fan angle) segment of helix, which means that we can potentially reconstruct every point on the surface exactly. This difference makes the proposed algorithm deliver a better-reconstructed image quality while requiring a smaller detector area than that of traditional FDK methods based on horizontal transaxial slices. Another characteristics of the proposed surface is that every point in the object space belongs to one and only one such surface. Therefore, the location of the short scan segment for reconstruction of a point in Cartesian coordinate can be pre-calculated and stored in a look up table. This enables us to perform reconstruction directly on rectangular grids. We compare the performance of the improved FDK algorithm with that of a quasi-exact algorithm based on data combination technique. The simulation results show that the reconstructed image quality of these two methods is about the same. We also provide a qualitative analysis of the link between the improved FDK and exact methods. The computational requirement of the proposed algorithm is the same as that of the traditional FDK method. We validate the proposed algorithm with a disc phantom
Etude des effets parasites affectant le fonctionnement des transistors à effet de champ à gaz d'électrons bidimensionnel (1989)

Nous avons mené une étude des effets parasites présentés par les transistors à effet de champ à gaz d'électrons bidimensionnel (HEMT). Ces effets sont étroitement liés à la technologie d'élaboration des composants. L'étude expérimentale, couplée à la simulation numérique du dispositif à permis de montrer l'origine physique de ces effets : le dopage résiduel de la couche de GaAs y joue un rôle prépondérant. L'étude montre également la sensibilité de ces effets aux paramètres technologiques de croissance des couches.
Characterizing specimen induced aberrations for high NA adaptive optical microscopy (2004)

Aberrations are known to severely compromise image quality in optical microscopy, especially when high numerical aperture (NA) lenses are used in confocal fluorescence microscopy (CFM) and two-photon microscopy (TPM). The method of adaptive optics may correct aberrations and restore diffraction limited operation. So far the problem of aberrations that occur in the imaging of biological specimens has not been quantified. However, this information is essential for the design of adaptive optics systems. We have therefore built an interferometer incorporating high NA objective lenses to measure the aberrations introduced by biological specimens. The measured wavefronts were decomposed into their Zernike mode content in order both to classify and quantify the aberrations. We calculated the potential benefit of correcting different numbers of Zernike modes using different NAs in an adaptive CFM by comparing the signal levels before and after correction. The results indicate that adaptive correction of low order Zernike modes can provide significant benefit for many specimens. The results also show that quantitative fluorescence microscopy may be strongly affected by specimen induced aberrations in non-adaptive systems.
The subunit structure of apoferritin and other eicosamers (1972)

Research Article| February 01 1972 The subunit structure of apoferritin and other eicosamers R. R. Crichton R. R. Crichton 1Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Genetik, Berlin-Dahlem, West Germany Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and article information Publisher: Portland Press Ltd © 1972 London: The Biochemical Society1972 Biochem J (1972) 126 (3): 761–764. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj1260761 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation R. R. Crichton; The subunit structure of apoferritin and other eicosamers. Biochem J 1 February 1972; 126 (3): 761–764. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj1260761 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1972 London: The Biochemical Society1972 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.