gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Primary Outcome Measures in Pediatric Septic Shock Trials: A Systematic Review* (2017)

Our review found that use of mortality alone as a primary outcome in pediatric septic shock trials was associated with significant limitations and that long-term patient-centered outcomes were not used in this setting. Composite outcomes incorporating mortality and long-term outcomes should be explored for use in future pediatric septic shock trials.
Structuring the space (2014)

Exploring large visualizations that do not fit in the screen raises orientation and navigation challenges. Structuring the space with additional visual references such as grids or contour lines provide spatial landmarks that may help viewers form a mental model of the space. However, previous studies report mixed results regarding their utility. While some evidence showed that grid and other visual embellishments improve memorability, experiments with contour lines suggest otherwise. In this work, we describe an evaluation framework to capture the impact of introducing visual references in node-link diagrams. We present the results of three controlled experiments that deepen our understanding on enriching large visualization spaces with visual structures. In particular, we provide the first tangible evidence that contour lines have significant benefits when navigating large node-link diagrams.
Physics-Based Animation for Qualitative Assessment of Biomimetic Subterranean Burrowing Behaviors (2007)

Physics-based animations executing on 3D game engines enabled with physics middleware libraries and coprocessors can be used to explore the suitability of potential robot behaviors in working environments and robot configurations that are ill-defined or difficult and time-consuming to model with traditional quantitative tools. We use an inexpensive game development engine and PC hardware to develop physics-based animations of potential biomimetic subterranean robot burrowing behaviors. Qualitative assessment of energy efficiency, burrowing time, and digging capabilities of several biomimetic robot designs are validated with data from physical prototypes operated in a range of soil types and models of soil using colored particles. Results suggest this methodology is applicable to rapid screening of potential robot designs intended to operate in a variety of domains.
Proposed avionics architecture for Air Force Air Mobility Command aircraft to meet CNS/ATM and GATM requirements (2002)

Air Force Air Mobility Command (AMC) aircraft must meet military requirements for transport missions anywhere in the world while also addressing emerging Civil Aviation Authority requirements for Communication, Navigation and Surveillance (CNS) for operation in the Global Air Traffic Management (GATM) environment. An architecture designed to meet these requirements must accommodate existing avionics to the maximum extent possible to minimize costs and must also incorporate new avionics that take advantage of Commercial Off The Shelf (COTS)/Non Developmental Items (NDI) and open system architectures to be able to incorporate the growth necessitated by these emerging requirements. This paper describes a generic architecture designed to meet these requirements for a tanker/transport platform. The architecture is designed so that future upgrades for these evolving requirements could be met with minimal impact to the aircraft. The implementation of this architecture is primarily a systems engineering effort in managing the human machine interface necessary to provide a seamless integration of GATM and navigation safety equipment including an Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System (EGPWS), a Communication Management Function (CMF), a Multi-Mode Receiver (MMR), a traffic collision and avoidance system (TCAS), new communications radios, a new displays subsystem and existing flight management systems that are modified, as necessary, to support Required Navigation Performance (RNP) objectives.
The tumour suppressor FOXO3 is a key regulator of mantle cell lymphoma proliferation and survival (2011)

The FOXO3 (Forkhead/winged helix box class O 3) transcription factor is a crucial regulator of haematopoietic cell fate that controls proliferation and apoptosis, among other processes. Despite the central role of FOXO3 as a tumour suppressor and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT effector, little is known about its involvement in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) biology. This study investigated the expression and activity of FOXO3 in MCL cell lines and in primary cultures. We analysed the expression of key FOXO regulators and targets, and studied the effect of modulators of FOXO function on cell viability and apoptosis. FOXO3 was constitutively inactivated in MCL cell lines, and showed cytoplasmic localization in patient-derived cells. PI3K and AKT, but not mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), inhibitors induced FOXO3 nuclear translocation and activation in correlation with their impact on MCL proliferation and survival. Moreover, FOXO3-defective cells were resistant to PI3K/AKT inhibitors. Reactivation of FOXO function with a nuclear export inhibitor had a profound effect on cell viability, consistent with FOXO3 nuclear accumulation. Interestingly, inhibition of FOXO3 nuclear export enhanced the effect of doxorubicin. Taken together, our results confirm that FOXO3 is a relevant regulator of proliferation and apoptosis in MCL, and suggest that reactivation of FOXO3 function might be a useful therapeutic strategy in MCL patients.
Accessibility changes within diphtheria toxin T domain when in the functional molten globule state, as determined using hydrogen/deuterium exchange measurements (2009)

The translocation domain (T domain) of diphtheria toxin adopts a partially folded state, the so-called molten globule state, to become functional at acidic pH. We compared, using hydrogen/deuterium exchange experiments associated with MS, the structures of the T domain in its soluble folded state at neutral pH and in its functional molten globule state at acidic pH. In the native state, the alpha-helices TH5 and TH8 are identified as the core of the domain. Based on the high-resolution structure of the T domain, we propose that TH8 is highly protected because it is buried within the native structure. According to the same structure, TH5 is partly accessible at the surface of the T domain. We propose that its high protection is caused by the formation of dimers. Within the molten globule state, high protection is still observed within the helical hairpin TH8-TH9, which is responsible for the insertion of the T domain into the membrane. In the absence of the lipid bilayer, this hydrophobic part of the domain self-assembles, leading to the formation of oligomers. Overall, hydrogen/deuterium-exchange measurements allow the analysis of interaction contacts within small oligomers made of partially folded proteins. Such information, together with crystal structure data, are particularly valuable for using to analyze the self-assembly of proteins.
Statistical Variations in the Apparent Specular Component of Ionospherically Reflected Radio Waves (1968)

The specular component of an ionospherically reflected radio wave giving highly correlated signals between elements of an array of antennas is measured and found to vary in a way suggesting that it is Rayleigh distributed. Examples illustrating the rate at which variations occur are given and it becomes clear why averages over different periods may give quite dissimilar results. It is inferred that there is, strictly speaking, no specular component but a group of rays all coming from very similar directions.
Machine Vision Monitoring for Automated Surface Finishing (1999)

A considerable amount of research has recently been performed on automated die and mold finishing systems. The research has tended to focus on the development of the finishing tool, the means of positioning and controlling the tool or efficient algorithms for moving the tool to achieve desired degrees of surface roughness. However, there has been relatively less effort to develop sensors suitable for providing the critical surface finish data necessary for any closed loop system. This paper presents two algorithms that, when coupled with machine vision hardware, are capable of providing surface texture information. The algorithms are developed and the results calibrated against a stylus profilometer. Tests have been conducted on mold cavity surfaces and the results evaluated against standard tactile means. The hardware has been incorporated with a computer controlled coordinate machine.
Alphabet-Based Multisensory Data Fusion and Classification Using Factor Graphs (2012)

The way of multisensory data integration is a crucial step of any data fusion method. Different physical types of sensors (optic, thermal, acoustic, or radar) with different resolutions, and different types of GIS digital data (elevation, vector map) require a proper method for data integration. Incommensurability of the data may not allow to use conventional statistical methods for fusion and processing of the data. A correct and established way of multisensory data integration is required to deal with such incommensurable data as the employment of an inappropriate methodology may lead to errors in the fusion process. To perform a proper multisensory data fusion several strategies were developed (Bayesian, linear (log linear) opinion pool, neural networks, fuzzy logic approaches). Employment of these approaches is motivated by weighted consensus theory, which lead to fusion processes that are correctly performed for the variety of data properties. As an alternative to several methods, factor graphs are proposed as a new approach for multisensory data fusion. Feature extraction (data fission) is performed separately on different sources of data to make an exhausting description of the fused multisensory data. Extracted features are represented on a finite predefined domain (alphabet). Factor graph is employed for the represented multisensory data fusion. Factorization properties of factor graphs allow to obtain an improvement in accuracy of multisensory data fusion and classification (identification of specific classes) for multispectral high resolution WorldView-2, TerraSAR-X SpotLight, and elevation model data. Application and numerical assessment of the proposed method demonstrates an improved accuracy comparing it to well known data and image fusion methods.
Bacterial Cellulases (1991)

Bacteria represent a promising source for the production of industrial enzymes. Bacterial cellulases are an especially interesting case in point. Many thermophilic bacterial species produce cellulases that are stable and active at high temperature, resistant to proteolytic attack, and stable to mechanical and chemical denaturation. However, cellulase productivities in bacteria are notoriously low compared to other microbial sources. In this paper bacterial enzyme production systems will be discussed with a focus on comparisons of the productivities of known bacterial cellulase producers. In an attempt to draw conclusions concerning the regulation of cellulase synthesis in bacterial systems, a tentative model for regulation in Acidothermus cellulolyticus has been developed.
Granulocytic chalone inhibits rapidly proliferating committed murine progenitor cells (CFU-C). (1979)

Bovine leucocyte extract containing the granulocytic chalone inhibited proliferation of rapidly, but not slowly, prliferating murine CFU-C. The precursors of CFU-C, i.e. multipotent colon-forming stem cells (CFU-S), were apparently not affected. Inhibition of proliferation was detected as a decreased killing of DNA synthesizing cells in diffusion chamber cultures by hydroxyurea, after pre-treatment with the extract.
Serotonin receptor 3A polymorphism c.-42C > T is associated with severe dyspepsia (2011)

The HTR3A c.-42T allele is associated with severe dyspeptic symptoms. The stronger association among patients carrying the 5-HTTLPR L allele suggests an additive effect of the two polymorphisms. These results support the hypothesis that diminished 5-HT3 mediated antinociception predisposes to increased visceral sensitivity of the gastrointestinal tract. Moreover, the HTR3A c.-42C > T and 5-HTTLPR polymorphisms likely represent predisposing genetic variants in common to psychiatric morbidity and dyspepsia.
Study of blade aspect ratio on a compressor front stage (1980)

A single stage, low aspect ratio, compressor with a 442.0 m/sec (1450 ft/sec) tip speed and a 0.597 hub/tip ratio typical of an advanced core compressor front stage was tested. The test stage incorporated an inlet duct which was representative of an engine transition duct between fan and high pressure compressors. At design speed, the rotor stator stage achieved a peak adiabatic efficiency of 86.6 percent at a flow of 44.35 kg/sec (97.8 lbm/sec) and a pressure ratio of 1.8. Surge margin was 12.5 percent from the peak stage efficiency point.
Enhanced Mg doping efficiency in Al0.2Ga0.8N/GaN superlattices (1999)

High p-type conductivity of Mg-doped AlGaN/GaN superlattices is demonstrated. The measured hole concentration at room temperature is over 2.5×1018 cm−3, more than ten times that obtained in bulk AlGaN layers, and lateral resistivity as low as 0.2 Ω cm is realized. The temperature dependence of the resistivity is drastically reduced compared to bulk films, providing evidence of the formation of a confined hole gas. Valence band bending due primarily to piezoelectric and spontaneous polarization is identified as the origin of these effects.
The effect of oxygen and substrate temperature on the growth of Ti thin films on stainless-steel substrates (1983)

The use of Ti as a biocompatible implant material has been under investigation for several years. It seems that the Ti surface has some unique properties, in this respect not fully understood. Some questions are the role and importance of the Ti–O interface layer that develops with time between the Ti implant and the bone structure and the importance of the surface structure of the Ti implant. To approach these problems we have used electron beam evaporation to prepare Ti thin films with various structural and chemical characteristics. Our goal at this step was to study only the growth of thin films of Ti deposited on stainless-steel substrates held at temperatures between 100° and 550 °C, in high vacuum, and in the presence of oxygen. AES and SEM have been used to study the film characteristics. Low temperature deposits, less than 350 °C, prepared at 1.5×10−4 Pa (1×10−6 Torr) background pressure are dense and smooth, however, with poor adhesion. Above 350 °C, the film structure is first porous but transforms at still higher temperatures again to a dense columnar structure. At these temperatures, diffusion of Fe and Cr into the Ti film is observed. Above 500 °C, a well-defined intermediate layer is formed between the substrate and the Ti film. The incorporation of oxygen into the films is dependent on substrate temperature with high amounts at low temperatures. However, the effect of oxygen incorporation on the growth morphology is most pronounced at high temperatures.
A necessary criterion for obtaining accurate lattice parameters by Rietveld method (2017)

To obtain the lattice parameters accurately by the Rietveld method, the relationship between the lattice parameters and the peak-shift, which is the deviation in diffraction angle from the theoretical Bragg position, was studied. We show that the fitting accuracy of lattice parameters is related directly to the well reproducibility of the peak-shift. This study unveils that the peak-shift consists of the experimental and the analytical ones. The analytical peak-shift erroneously lowers a reliability factor R <sub>wp</sub>, which has, so far, been the conventional criterion of fit. The conventional Rietveld method obtains a unit-cell which is a homothetic (proportional) unit-cell of the true one. We propose an additional criterion based on the peak-shift to obtain the true lattice parameters accurately. Our criterion can achieve reproducibility reasonably well for the experimental peak-shift, leading to highly improved accuracy of the lattice parameters.
Aerobic training and cardiovascular responses at rest and during exercise in older men and women (2002)

The increase in exercise capacity without changes in cardiovascular parameters suggests that 8 wk of aerobic training augmented peripheral gas exchange but not delivery to muscle. The lack of effect on HRV indicates that the improvements in aerobic power and cardiac autonomic modulation, at least in subjects over 70 yr, are dissociated. Moreover, the metabolic demand seems to be the main factor for the changes in HRV power spectra that occur during exercise.
Norepinephrine represses the expression of<i>toxA</i>and the siderophore genes in<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (2009)

Among the different extracellular virulence factors produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa are exotoxin A (ETA) and the pyoverdine and pyochelin siderophores. Production of ETA and the siderophores requires the function of the iron-starvation sigma factor PvdS, the transcriptional activator RegA, and the AraC-activator PchR. Iron represses the production of ETA and the siderophores by repressing the expression of pvdS, regA, and pchR. PvdS regulates the expression of the ETA gene, toxA, regA, and the pyoverdine synthesis genes. The catecholamine norepinephrine enhances the growth of pathogenic bacteria by transferring iron from host-binding proteins. In this study, we elucidated the mechanism by which norepinephrine and other catecholamines induce P. aeruginosa growth. We also investigated whether norepinephrine regulates the expression of toxA and the siderophore genes, and the mechanism of this regulation. Norepinephrine enhanced the growth of P. aeruginosa by supplying iron from transferrin. This provision of iron repressed the expression of toxA, the pyoverdine genes pvdD and pvdE, and their regulators, pvdS, regA, and pchR, suggesting that norepinephrine accomplishes this repression through PvdS and PchR. Additionally, norepinephrine bypassed PvdS and supported the growth of a pvdS deletion mutant, indicating that norepinephrine transfers iron to P. aeruginosa independent of pyoverdine. Thus, norepinephrine apparently influences the pathogenesis of P. aeruginosa by affecting its pattern of growth and the production of virulence factors.
Sampling Point Sequential Determination by Kriging for Tolerance Verification With CMM (2008)

Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMM) are widely used in industry, mainly for assessing product’s compliance to geometrical specifications. They are a de-facto standard for such a control, owing to their high accuracy and flexibility in catering to different measurement tasks with fast and easy setup change. One of the key aspects of any CMM inspection plan, affecting accuracy and cost, is the choice of the measurement strategy, namely the definition of the number and the location of the points sampled on the part’s surface. In the industrial practice, such important decisions are usually left to the experience of qualified operators. A method is presented here, based upon an innovative application of Kriging models to coordinate metrology, that defines an adaptive sampling strategy with the goal of obtaining accurate estimates of form errors using relatively small samples. Exploitation of kriging models (originated for geostatistics investigations, then successfully applied to the sector of Computer Experiments) in dimensional metrology entails however some adjustments. Two practical cases of form error estimation have been investigated, the first dealing with flatness verification, and the second with roundness.
Effect of procaine hydrochloride on the pyloric sphincter (1960)

The effect of intragastrically and intravenously administered procaine hydrochloride on the pyloric sphincter motility of two well-trained, unanesthetized dogs was studied by the inductograph method. Intragastrically or intravenously administered procaine hydrochloride in moderate doses had little effect on the motor activity of the pyloric sphincter. Larger doses of intragastrically or intravenously administered procaine hydrochloride produced signs of CNS stimulation, particularly of the vomiting centers, and the characteristic inhibition of the sphincter activity during nausea and tetanic contraction of the sphincter during vomiting. When intragastrically administered procaine significantly altered pyloric sphincter motility, it apparently resulted from CNS effects following procaine absorption from the gut.
2SA1-06 Development of High-Field Overhauser-MRI and Its Application to Oxidative Diseases(2SA1 Electron Spin Resonance on Biophysics -The Next Generation-,The 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical Society of Japan) (2009)

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A reelin–integrin receptor interaction regulates Arc mRNA translation in synaptoneurosomes (2003)

Reelin is synthesized and secreted into extracellular matrix by cortical gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic interneurons and binds with high affinity to the extracellular domain of integrin receptors expressed in dendritic shaft and spine postsynaptic densities (DSPSD) of pyramidal neurons. In heterozygous reeler mice, reelin bound to DSPSD, and the expression of Arc (activity-regulated cytoskeletal protein) is lower than in wild-type mice. We studied the effect of reelin on Arc and total protein synthesis in synaptoneurosomes (SNSs) prepared from mouse neocortex. Recombinant full-length mouse reelin displaces the high affinity (K(D) = 60 fM) binding of [(125)I]echistatin (a competitive integrin receptor antagonist) to integrin receptors with a K(i) of 22 pM and with a Hill slope close to 1. Echistatin (50-100 nM) competitively antagonizes and abates reelin binding. The addition of reelin (2-40 pM) to SNSs enhances the incorporation of [(35)S]methionine into Arc and other rapidly translated proteins in a concentration-dependent manner. This incorporation is virtually abolished by 50-100 nM echistatin or by 5-10 nM rapamycin, a blocker of the mammalian target of rapamycin kinase. We conclude that reelin binds with high affinity to integrin receptors expressed in SNSs and thereby activates Arc protein synthesis.
Interactive Sensing in Social Networks (2013)

This paper presents models and algorithms for interactive sensing in social networks where individuals act as sensors and the information exchange between individuals is exploited to optimize sensing. Social learning is used to model the interaction between individuals that aim to estimate an underlying state of nature. In this context the following questions are addressed: How can self-interested agents that interact via social learning achieve a tradeoff between individual privacy and reputation of the social group? How can protocols be designed to prevent data incest in online reputation blogs where individuals make recommendations? How can sensing by individuals that interact with each other be used by a global decision maker to detect changes in the underlying state of nature? When individual agents possess limited sensing, computation and communication capabilities, can a network of agents achieve sophisticated global behavior? Social and game theoretic learning are natural settings for addressing these questions. This article presents an overview, insights and discussion of social learning models in the context of data incest propagation, change detection and coordination of decision making.