gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Influence of some natural and semisynthetic agents on elastase and cathepsin G from polymorphonuclear granulocytes. (1991)

The in vitro effect of eglin C, glycosaminoglycan-peptide complex "DAK 16", glycosaminoglycan polysulfate and sodium pentosan polysulfate on the PMN-enzymes elastase and cathepsin G was investigated. The activity of elastase and cathepsin G was measured with the highly specific chromogenic substrates methoxysuccinyl-l-ala-l-ala-l-pro-l-val-p-nitroaniline and succinyl-l-ala-l-ala-l-pro-l-phenyl-alanin-p-nitroaniline. Eglin C and DAK 16 displayed a pronounced inhibition of PMN-elastase and PMN-cathepsin G. Surprisingly a higher amount of product in the elastase containing assays were found in the presence of glycosaminoglycan polysulfate and sodium pentosan polysulfate. The higher cleavage of the elastase substrate is related back to an electrostatic interaction of the polysulfates with this substrate. Both polysulfates strongly inhibited cathepsin G. The qualitatively and quantitatively different behavior of the drugs on elastase and cathepsin G are discussed with regard to their in vivo contribution to the therapy of chronic inflammatory joint diseases.
The telomerase reverse transcriptase: components and regulation (1998)

The idea that chromosomes have special terminal structures first arose as a consequence of experiments conducted by Muller, who found that treatment of Drosophila with X-rays rarely resulted in terminal deletions or inversions of the chromosomes (Muller 1938). Complementary experiments in maize by McClintock expanded upon the idea that telomeres, the physical ends of chromosomes, are required for chromosome stability, by contrasting the breakage-fusion-bridge cycle resulting from broken dicentric chromosomes with the stability of chromosomes with intact termini (McClintock 1941, 1942). With the dawn of molecular biology, telomeres in most eukaryotes are now known to be composed of short repeated G-rich sequences complexed with proteins to form a special heterochromatin-like structure. More recent experimental manipulation of chromosome termini and of the proteins that bind them have confirmed the early observations of Muller and McClintock, showing that a primary role of telomeres is to insulate the ends of chromosomes both from fusion with other ends and
Directed, efficient, and versatile modifications of the <i>Drosophila</i> genome by genomic engineering (2009)

With the completion of genome sequences of major model organisms, increasingly sophisticated genetic tools are necessary for investigating the complex and coordinated functions of genes. Here we describe a genetic manipulation system termed "genomic engineering" in Drosophila. Genomic engineering is a 2-step process that combines the ends-out (replacement) gene targeting with phage integrase phiC31-mediated DNA integration. First, through an improved and modified gene targeting method, a founder knock-out line is generated by deleting the target gene and replacing it with an integration site of phiC31. Second, DNA integration by phiC31 is used to reintroduce modified target-gene DNA into the native locus in the founder knock-out line. Genomic engineering permits directed and highly efficient modifications of a chosen genomic locus into virtually any desired mutant allele. We have successfully applied the genomic engineering scheme on 6 different genes and have generated at their loci more than 70 unique alleles.
A CYTOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE CENTRIFUGED WHOLE, HALF, AND QUARTER EGGS OF THE SEA URCHIN <i>ARBACIA PUNCTULATA </i> (1970)

While the ooplasmic components of centrifuged eggs of Arbacia punctulata do not stratify in homogeneous layers, we have obtained the following strata beginning with the centripetal end: lipid droplets, pronucleus, clear zone, mitochondria, yolk, and pigment. Whereas mitochondria may be found mingled with yolk bodies, we have never observed lipid droplets nor pigment bodies among any of the other inclusions. The so-called clear zone contains a heterogeneous population of inclusions: annulate lamellae, heavy bodies, Golgi complexes, and rod-containing vacuoles. The peripheral cortical granules of immature (germinal vesicle stage) and of mature eggs are not dislodged from the cortical ooplasm with the centrifugal force utilized. When the eggs are treated with urethane, prior to centrifugation, the cortical granules of mature eggs abandon their peripheral position. Further centrifugation of the initially stratified eggs produces nucleated and nonnucleated halves and the centrifugation of the halves results in quarters. The cytology of the halves and quarters is discussed. The halves and quarters have been activated with either sperm or hypertonic sea water. With the exception of the nucleated halves, we were unable to obtain plutei larvae from the other fractions (red halves and quarters). We believe that the lack of development of the various fragments is a function of the balance of particular inclusions necessary for differentiation.
Cross‐talk between the TGFβ and Wnt signaling pathways in murine embryonic maxillary mesenchymal cells (2005)

The transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) and Wnt signaling pathways play central roles regulating embryogenesis and maintaining adult tissue homeostasis. TGFbeta mediates its cellular effects through types I and II cell surface receptors coupled to the nucleocytoplasmic Smad proteins. Wnt signals via binding to a cell surface receptor, Frizzled, which in turn activates intracellular Dishevelled, ultimately leading to stabilization and nuclear translocation of beta-catenin. Previous studies have demonstrated several points of cross-talk between the TGFbeta and Wnt signaling pathways. In yeast two-hybrid and GST-pull down assays, Dishevelled-1 and Smad 3 have been shown to physically interact through the C-terminal one-half of Dishevelled-1 and the MH2 domain of Smad 3. The current study demonstrates that co-treatment of murine embryonic maxillary mesenchyme (MEMM) cells with Wnt-3a and TGFbeta leads to enhanced reporter activity from TOPflash, a Wnt-responsive reporter plasmid. Transcriptional cooperation between TGFbeta and Wnt did not require the presence of a Smad binding element, nor did it occur when a TGFbeta-responsive reporter plasmid (p3TP-lux) was transfected. Overexpression of Smad 3 further enhanced the cooperation between Wnt and TGFbeta while overexpression of dominant-negative Smads 2 and 3 inhibited this effect. Co-stimulation with TGFbeta led to greater nuclear translocation of beta-catenin, providing explanation for the effect of TGFbeta on Wnt-3a reporter activity. Wnt-3a exerted antiproliferative activity in MEMM cells, similar to that exerted by TGFbeta. In addition, Wnt-3a and TGFbeta in combination led to synergistic decreases in MEMM cell proliferation. These data demonstrate a functional interaction between the TGFbeta and Wnt signaling pathways and suggest that Wnt activation of the canonical pathway is an important mediator of MEMM cell growth.
Microstructure Characteristics of 2:17 SmCo Commercial Magnets With Different Coercivities (2019)

The correlation between microstructure and magnetic properties of 2:17 SmCo commercial magnets 32 H and 32 L is studied. The 32 H magnet with high coercivity has an excellent (00l) orientation texture, and its magnetic properties are (BH) <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> = 29.47 MGOe, B <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</sub> = 11.20 kG, and H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">cj</sub> = 29.45 kOe. The magnetic properties of the 32 L magnet with low coercivity are (BH) <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> = 29.28 MGOe, B <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</sub> = 11.40 kG, and H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">cj</sub> = 9.829 kOe. The electron probe microanalysis results show that a Cu-lean grain boundary region is obvious in the 32 H magnet, which affects the squareness of the demagnetization curve. The transmission electron microscope result shows that the cell size and cell boundary thickness of high and low coercivity magnets are 129.32 and 9.83, and 90.94 and 7.87 nm, respectively. But the cell structure of the 32 H magnet is more complete and clearer than that of the 32 L magnet. The difference of the Cu concentration between the cell boundary phase and cell phase in the 32 H magnet is bigger than that of the 32 L magnet, which is really responsible for the high coercivity.
Putting the plan into succession planning (2012)

The failure to groom successors in a law firm is a recipe for disaster for both the firm and the founding partner who one day hopes to successfully exit the business.
A Deep Temporal Model for Mental Fatigue Detection (2018)

Fatigue is not only common in clinical patients but is also prevalent in the healthy population. A lot of studies have been done to detect mental fatigue. Most of the current fatigue detection systems are based on individual questionnaire and computer vision. In this paper, we proposed a deep temporal model named Deep Convolutional Autoencoding Memory network to detect mental fatigue in real time based on biometrics (e.g., GSR, HR, R-R intervals and skin temperature) collected with smart band. The model can be regarded as a One-Class classifier consisted of two sub-networks: Characterization Network and Memory Network that can be co-optimized to extract features from raw data automatically and generate baseline model which can describe the sequential patterns of non-fatigue data. The major contributions of this paper are as follows: First, we solved the class imbalance problem between normal data and fatigue data through performing One-Class classification; Second, Characterization Network can extract features from the heterogeneous biometrics automatically; Third, Memory Network can generate a temporal model which accurately describes the normal pattern of sequential data; Last, our model uses a novel decision criterion to make the detection decision. Performance of the proposed method is validated on a realistic environmental dataset containing the biometrics of 6 participants collected in 6 weeks. Experimental results show that the accuracy of fatigue detection attains 82.9%, which is superior to the representative off-the-shelf methods.
Parental perspectives on the communication abilities of their daughters with Rett syndrome (2014)

The perspectives of parents are integral to the assessment of communication abilities and have the potential to inform communication interventions for girls and women with Rett syndrome.
Open-circuit voltage of ternary blend polymer solar cells (2013)

We have studied the different dependence of open-circuit voltage ( V OC ) on blend compositions in ternary blend solar cells based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and the other two materials selected from phenyl-C 61 -butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM), indene-C 60 bisadduct (ICBA), and silicon phthalocyanine bis(trihexylsilyl oxide) (SiPc). For P3HT/PCBM/ICBA ternary blend solar cells, the V OC monotonically increased with increasing ICBA fraction as reported previously. On the other hand, the V OC in P3HT/ICBA/SiPc solar cells slightly decreased from 0.84 to 0.82 V at a SiPc fraction of 5% and then was kept constant independently of the SiPc fraction up to 50%. For P3HT/PCBM/SiPc solar cells, the V OC was almost independent of the SiPc fraction up to 45%, and then abruptly increased from ∼0.55 to 0.82 V at a SiPc fraction of 50%. We discuss these different compositional dependences of V OC in terms of the energetics and the blend morphology in ternary blend solar cells.
Chemical properties of Watercress(Oenanthe javanica D.C.) Depend upon Cultivating Methods (2001)

Chemical properties of the different parts of watercress(Oenanthe javanica D.C.) grown and harvested from the culture fields under different cultivating methods were studied. In proximate analyses of watercress in parts, moisture contained more in stem than in root or in leaf, but crude protein and crude lipid contents were lower in stem than in root or in leaf. Crude ash in root contained up to about double amount in leaf or stem. Major mineral elements detected in watercress were Fe, Mg, Ca, and K, and their contents in root was higher than those in stem or leaf. Especially, Fe in root was significantly higher than that in stem or in leaf. Total free sugar composed mainly with fructose and glucose, was the highest in watercress from Hwasoon and followed the watercress from Jeonju and Donggok in order. Free sugar content was highest in leaf and the lowest in root. Major water-soluble vitamins were vitamin C, thiamin and biotin and the content of vitamin C was higher than others. These vitamins contained more in leaf than in stem or root. Niacin contained 6.09 mg/100 g in leaf of watercress from Hwasoon, which was much higher than others, but it was not detected in stem of watercress from Jeonju. Organic acids detected were oxalic acid, citric acid and malic acid and other 12 organic acids were not detected. In fatty acid composition, there were significant differences among watercresses from different parts and different culture fields. Linoleic acid, linolenic acid and palmitic acid were major fatty acids contained in watercress and it took about 80% of the total content. Amino acid content in leaf was higher than that in root and in stem. Glutamic acid and proline were major amino acids in stem of watercress from Jeonju and in stem of watercresses from Hwasoon and Donggok, respectively. In leaves of all three watercresses glutamic acid content was the highest.
Factor V Leiden and Morbid Obesity in Fatal Postoperative Pulmonary Embolism (2000)

(1) Fatal APE is uncommon in surgical patients lacking clinically apparent risk factors for venous thromboembolism. (2) Neurosurgical patients are at increased risk for postoperative APE. (3) Morbid obesity is a major independent risk factor in cases of sudden death from APE postoperatively. (4) Routine preoperative screening for R(506)Q in the factor V gene does not appear to offer additional benefit in surgical patients without clinically recognizable thromboembolic risk factor(s).
The Master's Tools: Deconstructing the Socratic Method and its Disparate Impact on Women Through the Prism of the Equal Protection Doctrine (2003)

2. Also: A woman who loves other women
Driving control architecture for six-in-wheel-driving and skid-steered series hybrid vehicles (2013)

This paper presents a driving control method including torque distribution, slip control and regenerative-hydraulic brake control to maximize maneuverability for six-in-wheel-drive and skid-steered series hybrid vehicles. Wheel torque command to each wheel, to track both net longitudinal force and net yaw moment, is distributed based on control allocation method. Because regenerative brake torque does not satisfy desired deceleration under certain speed condition, hydraulic brake system is controlled to obtain suitable brake force rapidly. The maneuvering performance of the six-wheeled and skid-steered vehicle with the proposed driving controller has been compared to that of an Ackerman-steered vehicle with even-distribution controller via TruckSim & Matlab-Simulink co-simulations.
Generating, Partitioning, Targeting and Functioning of Superoxide in Mitochondria (1997)

Recently, we proposed a hypothetical model of coexistence of "Reactive oxygen cycle" with Q cycle and H+ cycle in mitochondrial respiratory chain to combine both processes of univalent electron leak for production of superoxide and of proton leak across inner mitochondrial membrane. This review presents a more detailed description of this model and summaries the supporting experimental evidence obtained.
Inorganic heparin complexes for the preparation of nonthrombogenic surfaces (1972)

Abstract The surfaces of many plastics and other materials of interest in the fabrication of implants can be made nonthrombogenic by treating them with an inorganic heparin complex (IHC) system consisting essentially of a soluble metal salt, a solvent, and heparin. During complexing, the metal salt polymerizes at the same time it is trapped in the collapsing matrix of the surface; the entrapped inorganic polymer then reacts with heparin, probably by chelation. Treatment with an IHC system is not known to alter the mechanical or physical properties of the treated material. If desired, the surface can be made radiopaque by incorporating bismuth chloride or other contrast salts during complexing. After treatment, the surface can be autoclaved or sterilized with ethylene oxide. Materials that have been made nonthrombogenic by the IHC system include Silastic, polyurethane, cellulose acetobutyrate, polymethylmethacrylate, nylon, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene‐vinyl acetate, polystyrene, natural rubber, and polyvinyl chloride.
Plausibility of Image Reconstruction Using a Proposed Flexible and Portable CT Scanner (2012)

The very hot and power-hungry x-ray filaments in today's computed tomography (CT) scanners constrain their design to be big and stationary. What if we built a CT scanner that could be deployed at the scene of a car accident to acquire tomographic images before moving the victim? Recent developments in nanotechnology have shown that carbon nanotubes can produce x-rays at room temperature, and with relatively low power needs. We propose a design for a portable and flexible CT scanner made up of an addressable array of tiny x-ray emitters and detectors. In this paper, we outline a basic design, propose a strategy for reconstruction, and demonstrate the feasibility of reconstruction using experiments on a software simulation of the flexible scanner. These simulations show that reconstruction quality is stable over a wide range of scanner geometries, while progressively larger errors in the scanner geometry induce progressively larger errors. We also raise a number of issues that still need to be overcome to build such a scanner.
Studies on the Constituents of Swertia japonica.I. On the Structures of Swertisin and Isoswertisin (1967)

Swertisin, C22H22O10, m.p. 243°(decomp.), was isolated in a pure state from the whole herb of Swertia japonica MAKINO (Gentianaceae), and identified as 6-C-β-D-glucopyranosylgenkwanin. Isoswertisin, C22H22O10, m.p. 295°(decomp.), was obtained by the acid-treatment of swertisin, and formulated as 8-C-β-D-glucopyransylgenkwanin. At the same time, it was found that they were interconvertible into each other, reminiscent of the interrelationship between vitexin and isovitexin.
Validity of Transdermal Alcohol Monitoring: Fixed and Self‐Regulated Dosing (2006)

Within the limits of the laboratory study, the device consistently detected consumption of approximately 2 standard drinks. On average, the device shows discriminative validity as a semiquantitative measure of alcohol consumption but individual readings often are not equivalent to simultaneous BrACs.
Surgical Management of Obstructing Lesions of the Esophagus (1951)

A considerably greater variety of lesions of the esophagus and stomach are now being treated surgically. These include such important clinical diseases as diverticulum, cardiospasm, mega-esophagus, esophagitis, stricture, benign tumors and carcinoma. Procedures for the surgical management of these obstructing lesions are presented, many of which are now highly standardized operations, giving excellent results.
Effects of the Aminopeptidase P Inhibitor Apstatin on Bradykinin-Induced Inositol 1,4,5-Triphosphate in Neonatal Rat Cardiomyocytes (2001)

We investigated the effect of apstatin (an aminopeptidase P inhibitor) on bradykinin-induced inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) formation and glucose uptake in isolated neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Apstatin enhanced bradykinin-induced IP3 formation in a dose-dependent manner. We found that 1 microM Hoe 140 (a bradykinin B2-receptor antagonist) significantly decreased the potentiation of bradykinin-induced IP3 production by 5 microM apstatin from 781.8+/-67.2 to 127.4+/-33.0 pmol/mg protein; 5 microM apstatin increased bradykinin-induced glucose uptake from 197.0+/-25.5 to 297.3+/-64.0 pmol/h per milligram of protein. The stimulation of glucose uptake with apstatin was blocked to 132.5+/-26.2 pmol/h per milligram of protein by 1 microM Hoe 140. We conclude that apstatin stimulates bradykinin-induced IP3 formation and glucose uptake by preventing the degradation of bradykinin.
Design of home bus controller and its application based on HBS standard (1988)

A description is given of features and applications of the software and hardware developed for the home bus controller Japanese Home Bus System (HBS). The network terminations for the twisted-pair wire home bus controller (TP-HBC) applicable to voice/nonvoice terminal remote handling services are described. The authors discuss various application systems, including three experimental terminal services for attaining a compact, flexible, and expandable TP-HBC consisting of one dual microprocessor. It was seen that the designed process scheduler can achieve adequately short switching time for experimental and typical application service implementations. The essential functions and applications were experimentally confirmed, and the global communication capabilities of this TP-HBC were also found satisfactory.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
From Paging to Staging Shakespeare: Interdisciplinary Perspectives (1989)

本文从多科性交错的视角探讨莎士比亚戏剧的内涵。由全美人文学科基金会资助的暑期莎士比亚研讨会融汇了多科学科,主要有舞台、剧本、电影、同时还引进了美术、历史、政治、音乐。研讨会的专家们认为,剧本从来都不是裸露的,而是由连我们做梦也没有想到的种种释义包裹着。多科性交错的探索方法剥离了使剧本带上色彩的层层偏见。在研讨会上,人们摆脱了框框,不再对剧本作出武断的定论,而是把人物从僵硬的观念中解放出来,把剧本从一个子虚乌有的“正确”释义中解脱出来。本文值得一读。
A Bayesian Model for Prelaunch Sales Forecasting of Recorded Music (2003)

In a situation where several hundred new music albums are released each month, producing sales forecasts in a reliable and consistent manner is a rather difficult and cumbersome task. The purpose of this study is to obtain sales forecasts for a new album before it is introduced. We develop a hierarchical Bayesian model based on a logistic diffusion process. It allows for the generalization of various adoption patterns out of discrete data and can be applied in a situation where the eventual number of adopters is unknown. Using sales of previous albums along with information known prior to the launch of a new album, the model constructs informed priors, yielding prelaunch sales forecasts, which are out-of-sample predictions. In the context of new product forecasting before introduction, the information we have is limited to the relevant background characteristics of a new album. Knowing only the general attributes of a new album, the meta-analytic approach proposed here provides an informed prior on the dynamics of duration, the effects of marketing variables, and the unknown market potential. As new data become available, weekly sales forecasts and market size (number of eventual adopters) are revised and updated. We illustrate our approach using weekly sales data of albums that appeared inBillboard'sTop 200 albums chart from January 1994 to December 1995.