gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and reactivity of compounds with cyclobutane ring(s). 11. [2 + 2] Cycloadditions of tetraalkoxyethylenes with ketenes: a general route to 2-substituted 1-hydroxycyclobut-1-ene-3,4-diones (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and reactivity of compounds with cyclobutane ring(s). 11. [2 + 2] Cycloadditions of tetraalkoxyethylenes with ketenes: a general route to 2-substituted 1-hydroxycyclobut-1-ene-3,4-dionesDaniel BellusCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1978, 100, 25, 8026–8028Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00493a052https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00493a052research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views488Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Quality of Life and Antihypertensive Therapy in Men -- A Comparison of Captopril with Enalapril (1993)

Two angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors, captopril and enalapril, indistinguishable according to clinical assessments of efficacy and safety, had different effects on quality of life. Calibration with life events showed that drug-induced changes are substantial and that the different effects of these two agents on quality of life can be clinically meaningful.
Bone density at implant sites and its relationship to assessment of bone quality and treatment outcome. (2010)

Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that computed tomographic examination can be used as a preoperative method to assess jawbone density before implant placement, since density values correlate with prevailing methods of measuring implant stability. However, in the short time perspective of 1 year, there were no differences in survival rates or changes in marginal bone level between implants placed in bone tissue of different density.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) (2003)

The radiological manifestations of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) typically consist of focal unilateral or bilateral areas of hazy increased density (ground glass opacities) or airspace consolidation (fig 1A).1 In most patients the abnormalities gradually improve over several days following treatment. Approximately 20–25% of patients, however, show …
Clonal forestry - A view to the future. (1988)

The term clone can be defined as genetically uniform material derived from a single individual and propagated exclusively by vegetative means (Hartmann et. al. 1975). While clones may appear to be artificial they in fact do exist in nature. Many herbaceous species that reproduce by bulbs, rhizomes and runners form clones. Clonal varieties of food and ornamental crops have been used in agriculture and horticulture for centuries and today form a significant proportion of all varieties available to farmers and nurserymen. The success of these varieties lies, not only in the characteristics of the products they produce but also, in the ease with which they can be propagated. By contrast, clonal varieties of forest trees have, with a few notable exceptions proven difficult to develop. The main reason being that vegetative propagation, through the rooting of cuttings from mature trees, is problematic and has not presented foresters with the opportunity to develop clonal varieties for specific sites or end uses...
Concentration and Separation of Ions by Donnan Membrane Equilibrium (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConcentration and Separation of Ions by Donnan Membrane EquilibriumR. M. WallaceCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1967, 6, 4, 423–431Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i260024a007https://doi.org/10.1021/i260024a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views424Altmetric-Citations74LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Interactions with Cytoskeletal and Signaling Proteins (2000)

In recent years, it has become apparent that ligand-gated ion channels (ionotropic receptors) in the neuronal plasma membrane interact via their cytoplasmic domains with a multitude of intracellular proteins. Different classes of ligand-gated channels associate with distinct sets of intracellular proteins, often through specialized scaffold proteins containing PDZ domains. These specific interactions link the receptor channel to the cortical cytoskeleton and to appropriate signal transduction pathways in the cell. Thus ionotropic receptors are components of extensive protein complexes that are likely involved in the subcellular targeting, cytoskeletal anchoring, and localized clustering of the receptors at specific sites on the neuronal surface. In addition to structural functions, receptor-associated proteins can play important roles as activity modulators or downstream effectors of ligand-gated channels.
Dermatofibrosarcoma protruberans treatment with platelet-derived growth factor receptor inhibitor (2012)

Imatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is the current preferred agent for treatment of unresectable or metastatic DFSP. Clinical trials evaluating broader-spectrum kinase inhibitors such as pazopanib are in development.
An Integrated Skew Detection And Correction Using Fast Fourier Transform And DCT (2013)

Skew detection and correction is very important task before pre-processing of an image and it is a major problem in scanned documents, if it not detected correctly it will lead wrong result in future during image analysis. During the scanning of the document, skew is being often introduced in the document image. To measure the processed time and speed taken by skew detection algorithm, the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) technique is applied as it is fast approach for finding the angle of skewed document. This technique is used by firstly applying DCT compression and thresholding on image to reduce timing computation and after that Fourier spectrum is obtained. Further this spectrum is divided into four quadrants and detected skewed angle of each quadrant is measured. And finally Input image is rotated by using bilinear interpolation method.
Reinforcing polypropylene with natural fibers (1994)

A compatibilized composite made of polypropylene and kenaf fibers extracted from a commercial crop is described. The material has mechanical properties comparable with those of commercial PP composites.
Nitridation induced surface donor layer in silicon and its impact on the characteristics of n- and p-channel MOSFETs (2003)

The effects of high-temperature ammonia nitridation on the SiO/sub 2/-Si system have been studied. Unlike previous studies which have focused exclusively on the dielectric properties, this work explores the possible effects on the underlying silicon. Initial results indicate that nitridation introduces nitrogen into the silicon over a depth of approximately 60 nm. Schottky diode and AC surface photovoltage measurements show that the boron-doped nitrogen-rich silicon has n-type characteristics which may be nitrogen-oxygen donor related. The device characteristics of n- and p-MOSFETs using reoxidized nitrided oxide (RONO) gate dielectric are studied. Compared to oxide devices, off-state drain leakage is suppressed in both n- and p-RONO devices. Electron mobility is degraded at low normal field and improved at high normal field, whereas hole mobility degrades at all fields. These unusual characteristics can be qualitatively explained in terms of the formation of nitridation-induced surface donor layer.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Solution Properties of Deterministic Auctions (1976)

The Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis © 1976 University of Washington School of Business Administration
3,4‐Methylenedioxymethamphetamine counteracts akinesia enantioselectively in rat rotational behavior and catalepsy (2004)

We have shown recently that 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) has symptomatic antiparkinsonian activity in rodent models of Parkinson's disease. In search of its mechanism of action, we further investigated the enantiomers of MDMA in the rotational behavioral model and catalepsy test. Catalepsy testing was done in drug-naive unlesioned animals. The parkinsonian symptoms rigor and akinesia (i.e., catalepsy) were induced by intraperitoneal administration of haloperidol 0.5 mg/kg and measured repeatedly as descent latency from a horizontal bar and a vertical grid. MDMA and both its enantiomers were effective in counteracting haloperidol-induced catalepsy, but if given as racemic, the effects were more pronounced than with the enantiomers. For testing of rotational behavior, male Sprague Dawley rats were lesioned unilaterally with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) at the medial forebrain bundle. Administration of S-MDMA (5 mg/kg) produced ipsilateral rotations. R-MDMA was far less effective in inducing ipsilateral rotations in 6-OHDA unilaterally lesioned rats, but when S-MDMA was given additionally rotations immediately increased. Regarding their overall antiparkinsonian effects, the S-enantiomer of MDMA was more effective than its R-congener. R-MDMA was able to increase the actions of S-MDMA.
The status and future of clinical pathology in Korea. (1998)

Since its introduction half a century ago, modern clinical pathology in Korea has become an essential part of medical practice. The foundations of such fast development are manpower development systems, the government-certified clinical pathologist board system, the medical technologist license system, a medical insurance system providing universal coverage and the decisive introduction of modern technologies. Current issues in clinical pathology are the below cost fee system, the high rate at which claims are rejected, the government's intention to introduce an alternative fee system and 'overheated' competition among commercial laboratories. The 'fee-for-service system' inducing deviated medical practices and low publicity for the discipline-leading to reduction in the number of applications for residency-are serious issues which demand a solution. For continuing success, total laboratory automation (TLA), together with information and core laboratory systems, and an accreditation and audit system must be introduced. Clinical pathologists should, in addition, be trained as laboratory physicians. To extend laboratory usage by developing new demands and needs and expanding the future market for laboratories, effective publicity campaigns through the mass media and internet should be emphasized.
A microminiature, automatic recording, infra-red coincidence optometer detector module (1964)

A small, light-weight optometer detector module has been built that is designed for portable observation and the recording of changes in focus of optical systems.
Using the Action-Research Method in Information Systems Planning creativity research (2013)

Considerando a crescente competitividade global, a capacidade das organizações em utilizarem eficazmente as tecnologias da informação e apostarem na inovação e criatividade são, hoje, comummente reconhecidas como importantes. Neste enquadramento, a investigação sobre a criatividade nos sistemas de informação tem vindo a assumir especial relevância. Neste artigo ilustra-se a utilização do método “Investigação-Ação” no âmbito da investigação nesta área, particularizada no Planeamento de Sistemas de Informação, refletindo-se sobre as vantagens da utilização deste método neste contexto.
Use of hidden Markov chain models for evaluating and selecting codes for fading channels and erasure prediction decoding co-operated with interleaver and HMC (2002)

The authors developed a decoder cooperating with an interleaver and a hidden Markov chain modeler (DIHMC) for the decoding of linear block codes on frequency flat correlated Rayleigh fading channels. DIHMC acquires the structure of symbol errors at the demodulator output and exploits it in the decoding process. DIHMC has two decoders. The first decoder corrects only errors. The second decoder re-decodes only the error words out of the first decoder. The hidden Markov process is described as a way of approximating the statistical structure of errors. The DIHMC decoding system, which can acquire the characteristics of the error process on the training model, generate reliability values of symbols, and exploit them in the decoding process, is developed. DIHMC was simulated on a frequency flat correlated Rayleigh and Rican fading channel. DIHMC computes the reliabilities of symbols using the available error record and error structure, and symbols having small reliability are erased.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Multiscale Modelling of Nuclear Fuels under Irradiation (2013)

The fuel element under irradiation is submitted to a wide variety of coupled phenomena involving among others temperature, mechanical load, radiation damage, chemical interaction between the material and the fission products. The PLEIADES fuel performance software environment It is nevertheless still a challenge for R&D to refine the laws used in fuel performance codes by a more physically based description of the fuel materials, and improve both the understanding of the phenomena involved during irradiation and the capability to predict the fuel behaviour. This goal requires to decorrelate the complex phenomena involved in the material evolution by conducting studies towards the atomistic level. It also requires to couple post-irradiation examinations (PIE) with separate-effect experiments and various modeling approaches at the relevant scales. In particular, basic research on fuel materials focuses on the evolution under irradiation of the microstructure, the transport properties of defects, fission products, helium, as well as their thermochemistry.
Interdisciplinary collaboration and letting go the reins: Languages and broadcasting unplugged (1998)

As lecturers at Batchelor College, we developed and trialled an interdisciplinary unit bringing together language and linguistics students and broadcasting students to explore the ways languages can be used in Indigenous broadcasting. The two groups of students brought together for the unit each had their own strengths in their specialised areas. More than sixteen languages were represented among the group of twelve students, although the overlap of languages shared between them was three.
Purification and characterization of two forms of geranyl transferase from Ricinus communis (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPurification and characterization of two forms of geranyl transferase from Ricinus communisTerrence R. Green and Charles A. WestCite this: Biochemistry 1974, 13, 23, 4720–4729Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00720a007https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00720a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views73Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Enzyme-potentiated desensitization in children with asthma and mite allergy: a double-blind study. (1997)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of enzyme-potentiated desensitization (EPD) in children with asthma. Twenty asthmatic children (14 males and 6 females; median age: 8.5 years) were included in the study. They had positive skin tests to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dpt), no history of other allergy and had suffered from asthma for at least two years. The children were examined before starting the trial, at the first EPD dose, after 8 weeks, at the second EPD dose and 3 months after the second EPD dose. Blood samples for PRIST and RAST were drawn before the first and at the second EPD dose, and at the last follow-up. Conjunctival provocation tests (CPT) and skin test endpoint determinations were performed with dilutions of a freeze-dried Dpt extract (10-100,000 SQ-U/ml) at the start of the trial and at the last follow-up. Parents kept a diary record of the days with asthma and daily drug usage. The children were randomized to receive either two intradermal placebo injections or the active material with an 8-week interval (November 1991 and January 1992). Ten children received EPD and 10 children placebo. The intradermal injection of EPD (0.05 ml) contained 0.01 ml of beta-glucuronidase (40 Fishman units) and 0.04 ml of a mixture of inhalant allergens (1 Noon unit). The placebo injection consisted of buffer solution only. The EPD-treated children had significantly fewer days with asthma (p = 0.00000). In addition, the EPD-treated children used significantly less medication for the management of asthma attacks (p = 0.00000). At the start of the trial, three out of 10 children in the EPD group and two out of 10 in the placebo group reacted only to the highest dose of allergen used in the CPT (100,000 SQ/ml) (NS). At the last follow-up, the threshold dose in the CPT was 100,000 SQ/ml or more in nine out of 10 children in the EPD group and in four out of 10 children of the placebo group (p = 0.0349). At the last follow-up, one child in the EPD group had a negative CPT with all doses tested. Global clinical evaluation by the investigators showed that eight out of 10 EPD-treated children improved, in comparison with three out of 10 children in the placebo group (p = 0.0349). Assessment by the parents was six out of 10 and four out of 10 improved, respectively (NS). Specific IgE to Dpt, total IgE and skin prick test endpoints before and after EPD showed no significant changes. One child in the placebo group experienced mild urticaria several hours following the second injection. No other local or systemic side effects were reported. The results of the present study provide further data on the effectiveness and safety of EPD in patients with asthma.
Validity of the Computer Science and Applications, Inc. (CCA) activity monitor (1995)

The validity of the Computer Science and Applications, Inc. (CSA) accelerometer in assessing physical activity was assessed during treadmill walking and running at three different grades. Energy expenditure (EE) served as the criterion measure. CSA data were compared to data collected with the Caltrac accelerometer. Both accelerometers were sensitive to changes in treadmill speed, but neither discriminated changes in treadmill grade. Caltrac and CSA activity counts were significantly and similarly correlated with EE (r = 0.66-0.82), relative VO2 (r = 0.77-0.89), heart rate (r = 0.66-0.80), treadmill speed (r = 0.82-0.92), and with each other (r = 0.77-0.82). CSA data were used to develop models to predict EE (kcal.min-1). Cross-validation resulted in a mean difference between actual and predicted EE of 0.02 kcal.min-1 (SEE = 0.85 kcal.min-1). The range of individual differences in the validation group was large for both the CSA model (-2.86 to +3.86 kcal.min-1) and Caltrac (-4.17 to +2.04 kcal.min-1). It is concluded that the CSA and Caltrac accelerometers have similar validity and that either instrument can be used to estimate EE of groups.
Encapsulation of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles by Oxide Supports during Epitaxial Growth (2019)

The traditional view of complex oxide heteroepitaxy is that the substrate is merely a passive bystander. Here we show that this is not always the case, in particular for a metal oxide/metal oxide interface during the synthesis of epitaxial nickel oxide (NiO) nanoislands on (001) strontium titanate (SrTiO3–STO) single crystal substrates. We find that the substrate atoms are driven to encapsulate the metal oxide nanocrystal islands—a phenomenon more commonly reported for metal/metal oxide heterogeneous catalysis where the migration of atoms from the support onto the functional nanoparticle system is driven by strong metal–support interactions (SMSI). High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), high angle angular dark field (HAADF) scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), and electron tomography (ET) are used to reveal a clear physical displacement of the interface; the atoms from the STO substrate climb and cover the bottom facets of NiO nanoparticles during the synthesis process during which a unique caldera-shaped structure is formed. It is postulated that this phenomenon occurs to lower the work function and surface energy of the system. These results indicate that the SMSI could be important in the metal oxide/metal oxide systems. In this way changes to the substrate–film interface could be exploited by controlling and modifying the properties of nanoscaled functional oxides.