gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
AGARD Flight Test Instrumentation Series. Volume 15. Gyroscopic Instruments and Their Application to Flight Testing (1982)

This AGARDograph is the 15th of the AGARD Flight Test Instrumentation Series and discusses the use of gyroscopic instruments to support flight testing. Gyroscopic instruments are used in flight tests to measure the aircraft angular acelerations and rates, attitude and heading and - in combination with accelerometers - the linear acceleration, the ground velocity and the position. This volume describes the measuring principles, the technical lay-out and the error behaviour of the sensors and systems used for these measurements: Gyros, accelerometers, attitude and heading references and inertial navigation systems. Attention is also given to integrated and hybrid sensor systems, as they are in the modern instrumentation systems. Examples of actual flight instrumentation systems are described and the requirements for the gyroscopic sensors in these systems are discussed for applications in aircraft stability and control flight tests, in performance tests and in airborne and ground systems calibration and testing. (Author)
Prognostic significance of image morphometric microvessel enumeration in breast carcinoma. (1993)

Using image morphometry, microvessel density was analyzed in 58 stage-heterogeneous breast carcinomas by counting vascular cross-sections in type IV collagen (basal lamina)-immunostained cryostat sections (methanol fixed, avidin-biotin method). Vascular density (mean, 19 vessels per square millimeter) did not correlate with metastatic disease at presentation (localized: 17.6 vessels per square millimeter vs. node/distant metastases: 20 vessels per square millimeter, P = NS). Short-term disease-free survival, however, was significantly related to intratumoral vascularity overall (no recurrence: mean = 14 vessels per square millimeter vs. recurred: mean = 26 vessels per square millimeter, P = .001) and in node-negative patients (no recurrence: mean = 12.1 vessels per square millimeter vs. recurred: mean = 27.8 vessels per square millimeter, P = .005; mean follow-up, 52 months). Further, 87% (7/8) of patients with microvascular counts greater than 30 vessels per square millimeter had recurrence vs. only 15% (2/13) with counts less than 10 vessels per square millimeter. We conclude that image morphometric quantitation of vascular basal lamina represents an objective means of assessing angiogenic capacity in breast tumors, which correlates strongly with disease aggressiveness in short-term follow-up.
Chromosomal instability and cancer: a complex relationship with therapeutic potential (2012)

Chromosomal instability (CIN) is a hallmark of human neoplasms. Despite its widespread prevalence, knowledge of the mechanisms and contributions of CIN in cancer has been elusive. It is now evident that the role of CIN in tumor initiation and growth is more complex than previously thought. Furthermore, distinguishing CIN, which consists of elevated rates of chromosome missegregation, from aneuploidy, which is a state of abnormal chromosome number, is crucial to understanding their respective contributions in cancer. Collectively, experimental evidence suggests that CIN enables tumor adaptation by allowing tumors to constantly sample the aneuploid fitness landscape. This complex relationship, together with the potential to pharmacologically influence chromosome missegregation frequencies in cancer cells, offers previously unrecognized means to limit tumor growth and its response to therapy.
The European data relay system: present concept and future evolution (1990)

After briefly reviewing the users' requirements and the results of traffic scenario simulations needed to size the system, the design of the European data relay system (DRS) (ground and space segment) is presented in detail. The interrelationship with the other data relay systems (NASA's tracking and data relay satellite system (TDRSS) And the Japanese data relay and tracking satellite system (DRTSS)) is discussed together with the current status of systems interoperability. The evolution of DRS into a second generation, foreseen for operation at the beginning of next century, is outlined in terms of user scenario, improved spacecraft and system configurations, and technology developments needed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Optimization of Legal Management System of Private-Run Higher Education (2003)

After the analysis of existing types of our legal management system of private-run institute,this article points out that the Board of these institutes is over-powerful and lack of restriction,and analyses its legal mechanism. Finally,it suggests that we set up hi-efficiency and low-cost legal decentralization-equilibrium management system of private-run institute.
Neural network architectures for robotic applications (1989)

The authors propose a ring VLSI systolic architecture for implementing artificial neural networks (ANNs) with applications to robotic processing. Key design issues concerning algorithms, applications, and architectures are examined. A variety of neural networks is considered, including single-layer feedback neural networks, competitive learning networks, and multilayer feed-forward networks. It is demonstrated that the ANNs are suitable to all three levels of robotic processing applications including task planning, path planning, and path control levels. For these applications, a programmable systolic array is developed than can exploit the strength of VLSI to provide intensive and pipelined computing. Both the retrieving and learning phases are integrated in the design. The proposed architecture, which is more versatile than other existing ANNs, can accommodate all the useful neural networks for robotic processing.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Mystical experiences occasioned by the hallucinogen psilocybin lead to increases in the personality domain of openness (2011)

A large body of evidence, including longitudinal analyses of personality change, suggests that core personality traits are predominantly stable after age 30. To our knowledge, no study has demonstrated changes in personality in healthy adults after an experimentally manipulated discrete event. Intriguingly, double-blind controlled studies have shown that the classic hallucinogen psilocybin occasions personally and spiritually significant mystical experiences that predict long-term changes in behaviors, attitudes and values. In the present report we assessed the effect of psilocybin on changes in the five broad domains of personality - Neuroticism, Extroversion, Openness, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness. Consistent with participant claims of hallucinogen-occasioned increases in aesthetic appreciation, imagination, and creativity, we found significant increases in Openness following a high-dose psilocybin session. In participants who had mystical experiences during their psilocybin session, Openness remained significantly higher than baseline more than 1 year after the session. The findings suggest a specific role for psilocybin and mystical-type experiences in adult personality change.
Towards automatic consistency preservation for model-driven software product lines (2011)

Model-Driven Software Product Line Engineering (MD-SPLE) is the combination of Model-Driven Software Development and Software Product Line Engineering. In this paradigm, there is a strong dependency relationship between meta-models, models, transformation specifications and traceability links. Moreover, there are also dependency relationships between core assets and product specific artifacts, which raise dependency complexity. Due to the pressure to release new product versions and the quantity of dependent elements, there is a probability that models and related artifacts are not updated at all and become inconsistent with each other. The proposal of this thesis is to keep MD-SPLE models, meta-models, transformation specifications and traceability links consistent.
The Effect of Longitudinal Vortices in a Turbulent Boundary Layer Over a Concave Wall (1984)

凹壁上乱流境界層内の縦渦に着目し、比較的大きい曲率を持つ曲り流路を用い、縦渦の挙動を明らかにすることを目的とする。縦渦を可視化し、平均速度分布とねじれ角を測定し、縦渦は互いに逆回転する一対の渦から成り立つことがわかった。Troughにおける運動量厚さは縦渦の三次元性のためcrestの二倍に達する。縦渦のレイノルズ応力を測定し、更にレイノルズ応力の生産機構を検討し、(w2)^^^-の生産に∂W/∂zの寄与が大きいことが判明した。
Prader–Willi syndrome and Angelman syndrome (2010)

Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and Angelman syndrome (AS) are two distinct neurogenetic disorders in which imprinted genes on the proximal long arm of chromosome 15 are affected. Although the SNORD116 gene cluster has become a prime candidate for PWS, it cannot be excluded that other paternally expressed genes in the chromosomal region 15q11q13 contribute to the full phenotype. AS is caused by a deficiency of the UBE3A gene, which in the brain is expressed from the maternal allele only. The most frequent genetic lesions in both disorders are a de novo deletion of the chromosomal region 15q11q13, uniparental disomy 15, an imprinting defect or, in the case of AS, a mutation of the UBE3A gene. Microdeletions in a small number of patients with PWS and AS have led to the identification of the chromosome 15 imprinting center (IC). The IC consists of two critical elements, which act in cis to regulate imprinting in the whole chromosome 15q11q13 imprinted domain.
Synthesis of Carbazoles by Intramolecular Arylation of Diarylamide Anions (2009)

The synthesis of a series of substituted 9H-carbazoles by the photostimulated S(RN)1 substitution reaction with diarylamines as starting substrate was performed. The diarylamines were obtained by two approaches, the Pd-catalyzed reactions (Buchwald-Hartwig) or Cu-catalyzed reactions of 2-haloanilines with aryl halides, or 2-bromoiodobenzene with anilines, with moderate to very good isolated yields (45-89%). Through an intramolecular C-C bond formation of diarylamines by the S(RN)1 mechanism, carbazoles were achieved. These reactions proceeded synthetically in very good to excellent yields (81-99%) in liquid ammonia and DMSO. The reaction of N-(2-bromophenyl)-2-phenylbenzenamine gave 1-phenyl-9H-carbazole (38%) and the isomer 9H-tribenz[b,d,f]azepine (58%). By using this methodology, 9H-carbazoles, substituted 9H-carbazoles, benzocarbazoles, and even 3,3'-bi(9H-carbazole) were obtained by a double S(RN)1 reaction with benzidine.
Software Reliability Engineering: A Roadmap (2007)

Software reliability engineering is focused on engineering techniques for developing and maintaining software systems whose reliability can be quantitatively evaluated. In order to estimate as well as to predict the reliability of software systems, failure data need to be properly measured by various means during software development and operational phases. Moreover, credible software reliability models are required to track underlying software failure processes for accurate reliability analysis and forecasting. Although software reliability has remained an active research subject over the past 35 years, challenges and open questions still exist. In particular, vital future goals include the development of new software reliability engineering paradigms that take software architectures, testing techniques, and software failure manifestation mechanisms into consideration. In this paper, we review the history of software reliability engineering, the current trends and existing problems, and specific difficulties. Possible future directions and promising research subjects in software reliability engineering are also addressed.
Economical Considerations to the Layout of Uninterruptible Power Supply Systems (1985)

An increasing number of critical electrical consumers in industry and commerce must have interruption- free, high-quality power supplies. As a result, uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems have become increasingly important. Present applications cover the range of 500 VA to 500 kVA for individual units and by using parallel units, outputs of up to 2.5 MVA have already been reached. By provision of redundancy and also emergency power generators, an extensive series of modular system designs has been developed. In all cases, economy and operating availability are the prime considerations. The essential aspects of these considerations will be described for the various output series.
Molecular composition of the node of Ranvier: identification of ankyrin-binding cell adhesion molecules neurofascin (mucin+/third FNIII domain-) and NrCAM at nodal axon segments. (1996)

Neurofascin, NrCAM, L1, and NgCAM are a family of Ig/FNIII cell adhesion molecules that share ankyrin-binding activity in their cytoplasmic domains, and are candidates to form membrane-spanning complexes with members of the ankyrin family of spectrin-binding proteins in a variety of cellular contexts in the nervous system. Specialized forms of ankyrin, 270 kD and/or 480 kD ankyrinG are components of the membrane undercoat of axons at the node of Ranvier. This paper focuses on definition of the isoforms of ankyrin-binding cell adhesion molecules localized with ankyrinG at the nodal axon segment. The exon usage of two major forms of neurofascin was determined by isolation of full-length cDNAs and used to prepare isoform-specific antibodies. An isoform of neurofascin containing a mucin-like domain and lacking the third FNIII domain was concentrated at axon initial segments and colocalized at nodes of Ranvier with ankyrinG and the voltage-dependent sodium channel. An alternative form of neurofascin lacking the mucin-like domain and containing the third FNIII domain was present in unmyelinated axons. The antibody initially raised against neurofascin was used to screen a rat brain cDNA expression library. In addition to neurofascin, this screen yielded a clone with 80% sequence identity to NrCAM from chicken. The sequences of two full-length cDNAs are presented. NrCAM is most closely related to neurofascin among the other members of the L1/neurofascin/NgCAM family, with over 70% identity between cytoplasmic domains. NrCAM, visualized with antibodies specific for the ecto-domain, also was found to be coexpressed with neurofascin at nodes of Ranvier and at axon initial segments. This is the first characterization of defined neuronal cell adhesion molecules localized to axonal membranes at the node of Ranvier of myelinated axons.
Pruning versus clipping in neural networks (1989)

The number of interconnections in a neutral network is reduced by eliminating the ''weakest'' bonds. The performance is then improved by reapplying the learning algorithm.Received 30 November 1988DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.39.6600©1989 American Physical Society
Testing and Analysis on the Static Performance of Motor Muffler (2007)

With the increasing demands on the noise,vibration and harshness(NVH) of vehicles,the noise of vehicles has become a problem to which the auto-industry attaches great importance.The exhaust noise accounts for a great proportion in the noise of vehicles so that higher and higher demands are proposed on the performance of exhaust muffler.Through testing on muffler on a certain motor,the paper evaluates the static performance of sound transmission loss of the muffler.
Taming Control Divergence in GPUs through Control Flow Linearization (2014)

Branch divergence is a very commonly occurring performance problem in GPGPU in which the execution of diverging branches is serialized to execute only one control flow path at a time. Existing hardware mechanism to reconverge threads using a stack causes duplicate execution of code for unstructured control flow graphs. Also the stack mechanism cannot effectively utilize the available parallelism among diverging branches. Further, the amount of nested divergence allowed is also limited by depth of the branch divergence stack. In this paper we propose a simple and elegant transformation to handle all of the above mentioned problems. The transformation converts an unstructured CFG to a structured CFG without duplicating user code. It incurs only a linear increase in the number of basic blocks and also the number of instructions. Our solution linearizes the CFG using a predicate variable. This mechanism reconverges the divergent threads as early as possible. It also reduces the depth of the reconvergence stack. The available parallelism in nested branches can be effectively extracted by scheduling the basic blocks to reduce the effect of stalls due to memory accesses. It can also increase execution efficiency of nested loops with different trip counts for different threads. We implemented the proposed transformation at PTX level using the Ocelot compiler infrastructure. We evaluated the technique using various benchmarks to show that it can be effective in handling the performance problem due to divergence in unstructured CFGs.
Long wave propagation model (2003)

The author describes the long wavelength propagation model of the Naval Ocean Systems Center. This model applies the concept of the Earth-ionosphere waveguide to very low frequency (10-30 kHz) and low frequency (30-60 kHz) radio propagation. The propagation model is a collection of computer programs that are exercised separately or in sequence, depending on the application. The execution of these individual programs for purposes of obtaining coverage maps is set up by a driver program, which automates the process. At the present time this driver program implements the sequencing of the programs via the VAX VMS control language.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Structural requirements of immunoglobulin G for binding to the Fc gamma receptors of the human tumor cell lines U937, HL-60, ML-1, and K562. (1985)

Fc receptors (FcR) on U937, HL-60, ML-1, and K562 cells were characterized by using competitive binding assays and EA rosette inhibition studies. Like human monocytes, U937, HL-60, and ML-1 cells bound monomeric human IgG Fc with high affinity and mildly reduced and alkylated human IgG and Fc with a somewhat diminished affinity. In contrast, K562 cells had a much lower affinity for monomeric human IgG or Fc. Concentrations of these proteins as high as 10(-5) M were needed to completely block EA rosette formation. There was no binding of reduced and alkylated IgG and Fc. We assessed the influence of various segments of IgG on FcR interactions by using human pFc', rabbit Facb, mouse IgG2b-IgG2a hybrid Ig, and also studied the effect of reduction of the interchain disulfide bonds. The FcR on all four cell types bound rabbit IgG but not rabbit Facb or human pFc', suggesting that rabbit C gamma 3 domains are required for FcR interaction and that isolated human C gamma 3 domains do not have a human FcR binding site. Murine IgG2a, but not IgG2b, was cytophilic for U937, HL-60, and ML-1 cells. Binding studies with the use of several mouse myeloma variant Ig molecules having hybrid gamma 2b-gamma 2a heavy chains showed that variants with a complete gamma 2a Fc region bound to these FcR-like IgG2a, whereas those having gamma 2a sequences only in the C gamma 3 region and in a short adjacent segment of the C gamma 2 region behaved like IgG2b and did not bind. These results suggested that additional murine gamma 2a sequences are required for FcR binding. Interestingly, the Fc fragments from murine proteins with a complete gamma 2a Fc region bound only to a limited extent. These fragments are shorter than the human IgG1 Fc fragments, and they lack that segment of the hinge region that includes the interchain disulfide bonds. Cleavage of the interchain disulfide bonds of murine Ig having a complete gamma 2a Fc region diminished binding to a similar extent as that observed with human IgG. Together, these findings provide additional insight into the roles of the hinge, C gamma 2, and C gamma 3 regions of human, rabbit, and mouse IgG in their interaction with the FcR of human tumor cells.
Influence of 90-day simulated microgravity on human tendon mechanical properties and the effect of resistive countermeasures (2005)

While microgravity exposure is known to cause deterioration of skeletal muscle performance, little is known regarding its effect on tendon structure and function. Hence, the aims of this study were to investigate the effects of simulated microgravity on the mechanical properties of human tendon and to assess the effectiveness of resistive countermeasures in preventing any detrimental effects. Eighteen men (aged 25-45 yr) underwent 90 days of bed rest: nine performed resistive exercise during this period (BREx group), and nine underwent bed rest only (BR group). Calf-raise and leg-press exercises were performed every third day using a gravity-independent flywheel device. Isometric plantar flexion contractions were performed by using a custom-built dynamometer, and ultrasound imaging was used to determine the tensile deformation of the gastrocnemius tendon during contraction. In the BR group, tendon stiffness estimated from the gradient of the tendon force-deformation relation decreased by 58% (preintervention: 124 +/- 67 N/mm; postintervention: 52 +/- 28 N/mm; P < 0.01), and the tendon Young's modulus decreased by 57% postintervention (P < 0.01). In the BREx group, tendon stiffness decreased by 37% (preintervention: 136 +/- 66 N/mm; postintervention: 86 +/- 47 N/mm; P < 0.01), and the tendon Young's modulus decreased by 38% postintervention (P < 0.01). The relative decline in tendon stiffness and Young's modulus was significantly (P < 0.01) greater in the BR group compared with the BREx group. Unloading decreased gastrocnemius tendon stiffness due to a change in tendon material properties, and, although the exercise countermeasures did attenuate these effects, they did not completely prevent them. It is suggested that the total loading volume was not sufficient to completely prevent alterations in tendon mechanical properties.
Unusual Product Distribution from Friedländer Reaction of Di- and Triacetylbenzenes with 3-Aminonaphthalene-2-carbaldehyde and Properties of New Benzo[g]quinoline-Derived Aza-aromatics (2014)

The Friedländer reactions of acetylbenzenes and 2-acetylpyridine with 3-aminonaphthalene-2-carbaldehyde afforded the corresponding 2-phenylbenzo[g]quinoline and 2-(pyrid-2-yl)benzo[g]quinoline, respectively. The same reactions of 3-aminonaphthalene-2-carbaldehyde with 1,2-, 1,3-, 1,4-di- and 1,3,5-triacetylbenzenes, however, afforded a series of corresponding (benzo[g]quinolin-2-yl)benzenes as new N,C-bidentate and unexpected benzo[g]quinoline. Crystallinity, thermal properties, absorption and emission spectral properties of the products were studied.
Signal statistics obtained from a LMSS experiment in Europe with the MARECS satellite (1994)

A land mobile satellite system (LMSS) propagation experiment at 1.5 GHz has been carried out in Europe in the framework of ESA's PROSAT program using the MARECS satellite as the signal source. Rural, suburban and urban environments were investigated in Spain, France and Sweden in order to analyze the propagation factors responsible for degradations in LMSS. A second series of tests were performed in Spain using a locomotive as mobile platform. The results obtained show that shadowing is the main impairment in LMSS, achieving availabilities of 80-90% for the unfaded signal which decrease to 30% for the extreme cases of urban environments, dense woods, or suburban environments in low elevation angles, or railroads with a large number of tunnels.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>