gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Window memory accesses method in alternate row/column matrix access systems (2010)

Many systems, such as Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) processing, two-dimensional image processing, 2d-FFT calculation, need access the row and column data of their matrix alternately. The DRAM memory should be used due to huge data in these systems. To improve the usage of memory bandwidth in such systems, this paper theoretically analyses the optimal window size to minimize the total number of opening/closing pages when performing in such instances by balancing the number of handling physical pages between row and column accesses. This paper presents a window-based optimal memory access method, and we implemented an FPGA-based SDRAM controller with eight simple ports, which is based on window accessing mechanism and supports commercialized SDARM. The experimental results show that the effective I/O bandwidth of external SDRAM using our window layout approach increases from 114.2MB/s of naive implementation to 730.2MB/s with over 6X speedup. In addition, we implemented two SAR processing systems with four FFT processing elements using our window-based SDRAM controller and Corner Turn method separately in FPGA chip. Results show window-based method can achieve a speedup of 2.6 compared to Corner Turn method.
Tendency of drought spells in the central bohemian region (2009)

Increasing frequencies and magnitudes of drought events are the focus of current research on both the local and global scales. This tendency has been recorded in the 20th century, particularly in the last decade of 1990–2000, which was the warmest decade of the last century. Over the past decade, significant progress has been made in drought studies worldwide. However, in cooperation, working through global and regional partnerships, the goal of reducing the magnitude of economic, environmental, and social impacts associated with drought in the 21st century can be achieved. With respect to the studies of the drought episodes pattern in the Czech Republic, over the past decade many climatologists have studied the frequency and intensity of this event and the relationships between agriculture and crops. According to the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute source, there are two driest areas in Czechia, in which the first zone extends from the foothills of the Krusne Hory into the Labe River lowland and Central Bohemia as well as into Western and Southern Bohemia. The second driest area is in Moravia, mainly South-Moravia. This paper describes the tendency of drought episodes in Central Bohemian region from 7 weather stations, including monthly rainfalls and temperature measurements obtained during the periods of 47 years (1961-2007) each. From the stations situate in the Central Bohemia was selected as typical for the whole area: Praha-Ruzyne (354 m), Chotusice (235 m), Podebrady (196 m), Kladno (404 m), Tisice (168 m), Semcice (234 m) and Ondrejov (486 m). In this research, the Si aridity index was used for the Czech drought conditions. This index was developed to detect drought and wet spells and distinguish meteorological drought or agricultural drought. It presents a difference of monthly anomalies of temperature, precipitation and the amount of moisture in the soil, with their standard deviations. For the Si, the categories interval from extreme drought (Si≥3) to extreme wet (Si≤-3), with normal falling within (-1, +1). Already at the beginning 21st century was registered three drought years (2003, 2006, 2007), while 2003 had extreme and very widespread drought. According to Si index and the majority of weather stations the longest drought periods were noticed at the beginning of the 1990’s and 2000’s. In the meantime, moderate and severe intensity droughts are most frequent in April, July and September.
Wind Speed Forecasting for Power System Operation (2013)

In order to support large-scale integration of wind power into current electric energy system, accurate wind speed forecasting is essential, because the high variation and limited predictability of wind pose profound challenges to the power system operation in terms of the efficiency of the system. The goal of this dissertation is to develop advanced statistical wind speed predictive models to reduce the uncertainties in wind, especially the short-term future wind speed. Moreover, a criterion is proposed to evaluate the performance of models. Cost reduction in power system operation, as proposed, is more realistic than prevalent criteria, such as, root mean square error (RMSE) and absolute mean error (MAE).\n\nTwo advanced space-time statistical models are introduced for short-term wind speed forecasting. One is a modified regime-switching, space-time wind speed fore- casting model, which allows the forecast regimes to vary according to the dominant wind direction and seasons. Thus, it avoids a subjective choice of regimes. The other one is a novel model that incorporates a new variable, geostrophic wind, which has strong influence on the surface wind, into one of the advanced space-time statistical forecasting models. This model is motivated by the lack of improvement in forecast accuracy when using air pressure and temperature directly. Using geostrophic wind in the model is not only critical, it also has a meaningful geophysical interpretation.\n\nThe importance of model evaluation is emphasized in the dissertation as well. Rather than using RMSE or MAE, the performance of both wind forecasting models mentioned above are assessed by economic benefits with real wind farm data from Pacific Northwest of the U.S and West Texas. Wind forecasts are incorporated into power system economic dispatch models, and the power system operation cost is used as a loss measure for the performance of the forecasting models. From another perspective, the new criterion leads to cost-effective scheduling of system-wide wind generation with potential economic benefits arising from the system-wide generation of cost savings and ancillary services cost savings.\n\nAs an illustration, the integrated forecasts and economic dispatch framework are applied to the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) equivalent 24- bus system. Compared with persistence and autoregressive models, the first model suggests that cost savings from integration of wind power could be on the scale of tens of millions of dollars. For the second model, numerical simulations suggest that the overall generation cost can be reduced by up to 6.6% using look-ahead dispatch coupled with spatio-temporal wind forecast as compared with dispatch with persistent wind forecast model.
Convolutional Approach Also Benefits Traditional Face Pattern Recognition Algorithm [208!] (2019)

Convolutional neural networks (CNN) are widely used deep learning frameworks and are applied in the field of face recognition, achieving outstanding results. The Macropixel comparison approach is a shallow mathematical approach that recognizes faces by comparing the original pixel blocks of face images. In this article, the authors are inspired by ideas of the currently popular deep neural network framework and introduce two features into the mathematical approach: deep overlap and weighted filter. The aim is to explore if the idea of deep learning could benefit mathematical recognition method, which might extend the scope of face recognition research. Results from the experiments show that the new proposed approach achieves markedly better recognition rates than the original macropixel methods.
CAR-T Cell Therapy (2020)

CAR-T therapy has revolutionized the treatment of select hematological malignancies, namely, acute lymphoblastic leukemia and large B-cell lymphomas [...].
The design of a flexible hull undersea vehicle propelled by an oscillating foil (1994)

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Ocean Engineering, 1994.
HOME-BASED BUSINESS: A PHENOMENON OF GROWING ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE (1992)

ABSTRACT One of the fastest growing sectors of the North American economy is the “home-based enterprise”. This paper focuses on one component of this sector—the self-employed or the “home-based business”. Our study is based on a sample of firms recently registered or incorporated in Canada. The importance of the home-based sector is highlighted by the fact that over 71 per cent of all respondents indicated their principal place of business was their home. The rapid growth of this sector can be attributed primarily to the need to save money and the desire of many respondents to minimize the risk of starting a business of their own. A number of other factors have contributed to this growth. For many people, the decision to operate from their homes appears to be a lifestyle decision reflecting their personal career preferences and not one based principally on economic or financial considerations. As the sector continues to grow, it is imperative that government and other support system providers develop policies and programs to deal with the specific needs and problems faced by the home-based business.
The Impact of User Competence on Smartphone Satisfaction (2016)

The unprecedented growth of smartphone use attracts academic attention, given that smartphones are an integration of the functions of voice communication, Internet access, and data retrieval and management. In general, users’ competence(finesse and knowledge) of smartphones can play an important role in increasing their smartphone usage. Yet, a little has done to examine the covariate effect of user competence in the relationship among smartphone quality, dependency, and customer satisfaction. The primary purpose of this study is, thus, to explore the differences in mean values of smartphone quality, dependency, and customer satisfaction for each group according to whether user competence is controlled or not. Appropriate measures were developed with previous studies and tested on 217 respondents who have used smartphones. The results showed that the roles of user competence in the two hypotheses are significant. The difference in mean values of smartphone dependency for the level of smartphone quality(high, middle, and low) can be more affected by finesse than knowledge. In addition, the difference in mean values of customer satisfaction for the level of smartphone dependency(high, middle, and low) can be more affected by user competence. Thus, the future research on the relationship between dependency and satisfaction needs to examine the covariate effect of user competence to provide a meaningful implication.
Emerging vectors and targeting methods for nonviral gene therapy (2006)

Until recently, nonviral vectors were outside the mainstream of gene transfer technology. Recent problems in clinical trials using viral vectors renewed interest in these methods. The clinical usefulness of nonviral methods is still hindered by their relatively low gene delivery/transgene expression efficiencies. Vectors must navigate a series of obstacles before the therapeutic gene can be expressed. This review considers these barriers and the properties of components of nonviral vectors that are essential for nucleic acid transfer. Although developments of new physical methods (hydrodynamic delivery, ultrasound, electroporation) have made a significant impact on gene transfer efficiency, various chemical carriers (lipids and polymers) have been shown to achieve high-level gene delivery and functional expression. Success of nonviral gene targeting will depend not only on the efficacy, but also safety of this methodology, and this aspect is also discussed. Understanding problems associated with nonviral targeting can also help in designing better viral vectors. In fact, interplay between viral and nonviral technologies should lead to a continued refinement of both methodologies.
A Modified Chemical Procedure for Rapid Determination of Glucosamine and Its Application for Estimation of Mold Growth in Peanut Kernels and Koji (1999)

One-step hydrolysis of chitin to release glucosamine for quantitation was achieved by combining a chitin-containing sample (10-200 mg of sample size) in a test tube with 1 mL of 10 M HCl followed by vacuum treatment for 10 min, incubation at 28 degrees C for 30 min, replenishment with 3 mL of deionized water, nitrogen flushing, screw capping, and heat treatment at 140 degrees C for 60 min. A phosphate buffer solution (pH 12.5, 0.2 M) was effective in pH stabilization and enhancing colorimetric determination of glucosamine content. When the modified procedure was applied to analyze glucosamine content in the mycelia of various molds, glucosamine content varied mainly depending on mold species. In estimations of mold growth of the uninoculated peanut kernels incubated under a humidified condition for 5 weeks, cooked rice and soybean inoculated with conidia of Aspergillus oryzae for koji preparation, logarithms of the internal mold populations and glucosamine contents both increased with increases of incubation time. The modified procedure provided a rapid and reliable estimation of mold growth in various substrates.
[Effect of the foreign gene GDNF on development of homo- and xenografts in the rat brain]. (2000)

A transgenic line of Drosophila melanogaster was selected which carried the following genes: Delta, lacZ (for bacterial galactosidase), and human GDNF (for glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor). Drosophila neuroectodermal embryonic cells were transplanted with the embryonic neurohomografts into the occipital brain region of an adult rat. Xenografts were found to block scar formation at the graft-host tissue boundary, stimulated homograft development (so that it was twice as large as the control homograft transplanted alone with no xenograft added), and noticeably improved vascularization of the homograft area.
The relationship between ultrasonic point readings in live cattle and carcass fat cover (1984)

Summary Four inexperienced operators used a Smith's Essem Metatest ultrasonic grader and a Philips Sonatest instrument to estimate the thickness of tissue overlying the M. longissimus dorsi at three sites over the tenth intercostal space of live steers. They also measured skin fold thickness over the central site using a micrometer. Suprafascial (selvedge) and total carcass fat were measured at corresponding sites on the chilled carcasses. The residual standard deviations from multiple and simple regressions of suprafascial and total carcass fat thickness on the ultrasonic readings of different operators, using both instruments over the three sites with and without a measurement of skin thickness were compared. The following conclusions were drawn. Use of a constant distance from the midline of the live animal to locate the site for ultrasonic point measurement would lead to errors in estimating fat thickness at a specific anatomical location. If the edge of the M. 1. dorsi is palpated to locate the measurement site, estimates of carcass fat thickness with a residual standard deviation of 2·5 mm are possible by relatively inexperienced operators using single point reading ultrasonic instruments. Fat deposition between the fascial sheath and the underlying M. 1. dorsi is a source of inaccuracy when estimating carcass fat cover particularly at sites closer to the midline and on fatter animals. Using the Metatest instrument, fat cover could bo estimated in the live animal with an accuracy similar to that reported by other workers using the Scanogram. Using the Sonatest instrument the estimates were generally slightly less accurate especially at the most lateral site. Inclusion of a measurement of skin thickness gave a very slight but consistent improvement in accuracy of estimation of carcass fat cover.
New oxadiazole derivatives as promising electron transport materials: synthesis and characterization of thermal, optical and electrochemical properties (2006)

Abstract 2,5-bis-(4-biphenyl)-yl-1,3,4-oxadiazole (1a), 2,5-bis-(4-(6,8-difluoro)-biphenyl)-yl-1,3,4-oxadiazole (1b) and 2,5-bis-(4-(spiro-fluorenyl)-phenyl)-yl-1,3,4-oxadiazole (1c) were designed, synthesized and characterized. 1a–c were easily obtained from Suzuki reactions between 2,5-bis-(4-bromo-phynyl)-[1,3,4]oxadiazole (2) and aromatic boronic acids (3). They were characterized by 1H-NMR, DSC, TGA, UV-Vis, photoluminescence (PL) spectrometry and CV. The melting temperatures (T m) of 1a–c are 237, 208 and 370 °C, respectively, much higher than that of 2-tert-butylphenyl-5-biphenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole (PBD, T m = 136 °C). The oxidation potentials of 1a–c are 1.86, 1.94 and 1.18 V, and their reduction potentials are −2.31, −2.22 and −2.27 V, respectively, indicating that the introduction of electronegative oxadiazole unit lowers the electron density in molecules and enhances their stabilities. The LUMO/HOMO energy levels of 1a–c are as low as −2.39/−6.56, −2.48/−6.69 and −2.43/−5.88 eV, respectively. The good thermal stabilities and low orbital levels of 1a–c make them promising electron-transporting or hole-blocking materials for organic optoelectronic devices.
Gain-boosted Complementary Dynamic Residue Amplifier for a 160 MS/s 61 dB SNDR Noise-Shaping SAR ADC (2018)

This paper proposes a power-efficient high-gain and high-speed single-stage complementary dynamic residue amplifier for using in noise-shaping successive-approximation-register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC). A complementary input pairs and a cross-coupled cascode topology are presented to increase the performance and boost the gain of dynamic residue amplifier. The proposed dynamic amplifier achieves the voltage gain of 16 at a 1 GS/s sampling frequency and 20.5 μV <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rms</sub> input noise. Total power consumption of the prototype residue amplifier is 45.8 μW at 1.1 V supply voltage in 40 nm CMOS technology.
Report on the Snow Survey of Great Britain for the Season 1950–51 (1952)

An abstract is not available for this content. As you have access to this content, full HTML content is provided on this page. A PDF of this content is also available in through the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
Fanconi anemia: young patients at high risk for squamous cell carcinoma (2014)

This mini review summarizes current knowledge about the pathogenesis of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the special context of Fanconi anemia.
Symmetric Functions and Hall Polynomials (1995)

Abstract This is a new and much expanded edition of Professor Macdonald's acclaimed monograph on Symmetric Functions and Hall Polynomials. Almost every chapter has new sections and many new examples have been included throughout. In addition there are two new chapters (6 and 7). Chapter 6 contains an extended account of a family of symmetric functions depending on two parameters. These symmetric functions include as particular cases many of those encountered earlier in the book and they also include, as a limiting case, Jack's symmetric functions depending on a parameter a. Many of the properties of the Schur functions generalize to these two-parameter symmetric functions. Chapter 7 is devoted to the study of the zxonal polynomials, long familiar to staticians. From one point of view, they are a special case of Jack's symmetric functions (the parameter a being equal to 2) but their combinatorial and group-theoretic connections make them worthy of study in their own right.
Language in the American Courtroom (2007)

Abstract One of the most promising connections that linguistics can make to other fields is to the legal arena, primarily because much of the work in law is done in language and it is often largely about language, either spoken or written. For example, lawsuits, indictments, pleadings, briefs, legal opinions, and, of course, laws and statutes are all revealed and preserved in written language. Courtroom appearances and testimony, although presented orally, end up in written form and even oral evidence gets transformed into written transcripts. We begin with the observation that language and law are close bedfellows.
Application of acetate buffer in pH adjustment of sorghum mash and its influence on fuel ethanol fermentation (2008)

A 2 M sodium acetate buffer at pH 4.2 was tried to simplify the step of pH adjustment in a laboratory dry-grind procedure. Ethanol yields or conversion efficiencies of 18 sorghum hybrids improved significantly with 2.0-5.9% (3.9% on average) of relative increases when the method of pH adjustment changed from traditional HCl to the acetate buffer. Ethanol yields obtained using the two methods were highly correlated (R (2) = 0.96, P < 0.0001), indicating that the acetate buffer did not influence resolution of the procedure to differentiate sorghum hybrids varying in fermentation quality. Acetate retarded the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, but did not affect the overall fermentation rate. With 41-47 mM of undissociated acetic acid in mash of a sorghum hybrid at pH 4.7, rates of glucose consumption and ethanol production were inhibited during exponential phase but promoted during stationary phase. The maximum growth rate constants (mu(max)) were 0.42 and 0.32 h(-1) for cells grown in mashes with pH adjusted by HCl and the acetate buffer, respectively. Viable cell counts of yeast in mashes with pH adjusted by the acetate buffer were 36% lower than those in mashes adjusted by HCl during stationary phase. Coupled to a 5.3% relative increase in ethanol, a 43.6% relative decrease in glycerol was observed, when the acetate buffer was substituted for HCl. Acetate helped to transfer glucose to ethanol more efficiently. The strain tested did not use acetic acid as carbon source. It was suggested that decreased levels of ATP under acetate stress stimulate glycolysis to ethanol formation, increasing its yield at the expense of biomass and glycerol production.
Average out-of-pocket health care costs for Medicare+Choice enrollees increase substantially in 2002. (2002)

Finds that out-of-pocket health care spending for an enrollee in good health will rise by 20 percent in 2002, to $1,429, while costs for an enrollee in poor health will rise by 34 percent, to $4,783.
Human placental aromatase activity: use of a C18 reversed-phase cartridge for separation of tritiated water or steroid metabolites in placentas from both smoking and non-smoking mothers in vitro. (1985)

Commercial reversed-phase cartridges were used for the separation of 3H2O which was produced in an aromatization reaction of androstenedione by human placenta in vitro. The assay is simple, rapid and reproducible. Metabolites originating from androstenedione were separated and quantified by thin layer chromatography. The microsomal fraction exhibited the highest aromatase activity which was inhibited (54%) by aminoglutethimide (500 microM) and by about 30% by alpha-naphthoflavone. Aromatase activity was not inhibited by known inhibitors of xenobiotic metabolism such as metyrapone or SKF 525A or by xenobiotic substrates such as 7-ethoxycoumarin or benzo(a)pyrene. Placental aromatase activity was not affected by maternal cigarette smoking. No correlation between aromatase and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activities in the placentas from both smoking and non-smoking mothers was found. These results show that the aromatase activity in human placenta is catalysed by a distinct form of cytochrome P-450 which is different from forms with xenobiotic-metabolising activity, and also show that the aromatase activity is similar in placentas from both smoking and non-smoking mothers.
A 6-month old girl with chylous ascites and neuroblastoma (2006)

A 6 years old girl was reffered to Booali Cina hospital, Sari, Iran for abdominal distention. Physical examination showed ascites.The fluid was milky in color.Biochemical test showed cylous ascites. The patient was treated with albomin-Vitamins-YPN. Ascites decreased, but second ultrasonography and abdominal CT showed a solid mass.Laparatomy was done and there was a big mass in paravertebral area, biopsy comfirmed the diagnosis of neuroblastoma.