gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Monosodium Urate Crystal as a Carrier for Idiotype Tumor Vaccine. (2007)

Abstract Monosodium urate (MSU) crystal works as a danger signal to evoke specific cell immunity. It stimulates dendritic cells (DCs) maturation and enhances the generation of cytotoxic T cells (CTL), so that it could help specific immune therapy for tumor. On the other hand, MSU crystals are found to attach IgG in gouty arthritis and has been reported that the site of attachment is the Fab moiety of IgG. We focused on the application of MSU as a carrier of IgG idiotype protein to induce cytotoxic T cells to cell line producing the idiotype protein. Multiple myeloma cell line, IM-9, which is characterized by having HLA-A2 and producing monoclonal IgG-k protein, was used as a target cell. Monoclonal Fab fragments were used as idiotype protein; those were made by digesting with papain of IgG collected from the medium harvesting IM-9 cells. MSU crystals were made by sitting at refrigerator of uric acid dissolved by sodium hydroxide solution with boiling. Allogenic dendritic cells were derived from monocytes in peripheral blood of HL-A matched volunteer by treatment with GM-CSF and IL-4. They were pulsed by MSU attached with Fab fragments (MSU-Fab), by Fab fragments (Fab), or by none. Following education by pulsed DCs to CD3+ T cells collected from peripheral blood of same volunteer, CD8+ T cells were collected and were used as effector cells. Cell cytotoxic ability of the effector cells was determined by lactate dehydrogenase release assay under mixed culture of the target cells and the effector cells (CD8+ cells: IM-9 cells = 5: 1). Compared to Fab, MSU-Fab were easily phagocytosed by DCs. DCs pulsed with MSU-Fab or MSU were induced to express CD83 molecule, a marker for mature human blood dendritic cells, whereas neither Fab-pulsed nor untreated-control DCs did not express CD83 molecule. CD8+ T cells educated by DCs pulsed with MSU-Fab significantly killed more IM-9 myeloma cells than CD8+ T cells educated by DCs pulsed with MSU, DCs pulsed with Fab or DCs alone. These cytotoxic effect of CD8+ T cells educated by DCs pulsed with MSU-Fab were reduced when MSU crystals were bathed 10% fetal bovine serum solution before mixing with Fab in order to block MSU to be attached with Fab. The present study revealed that MSU crystals work as carrier of idiotype tumor vaccine not only by facilitating the utilization of the vaccine protein in DCs but also by enhancing the ability to induce tumor specific CTL. The safety and efficacy of MSU-Fab idiotype vaccine will be determined by clinical setting in patients with multiple myeloma.
Polymer Brushes by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (2004)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Polymer Brushes on Flat Surfaces Controlled ATRP from Flat Surfaces Block Copolymer Brushes on Flat Surfaces Stimuli-Responsive Ultrathin Films from “Grafting To” Approach Polymer Brushes from Particles Spherical Brushes from Inorganic Colloids Multilayered Core-Shell Colloids Imaging of Individual Spherical Brushes Modification of Carbon Black Fillers Molecular Brushes Synthesis of Molecular Brushes from Linear Polymeric Macroinitiators Molecular Brushes from Dendritic Macroinitiators
Far infrared absorption and terahertz time domain spectroscopy of liquid CS2: Experiments and molecular dynamics simulation (2008)

The far infrared absorption spectrum of liquid CS2 has been measured up to 3.5THz by using time domain spectroscopy. The validity of the spectral features has been assessed from a comparison with experimental data reported in literature. The absorption profile has been interpreted on the ground of an induction mechanism model by using molecular dynamics simulation.
Water and Ionic Solutions (2005)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Single Water Molecule Hydrogen Bond between H2O Molecules Models of Liquid Water Ionic Dissociation of Water Dielectric Constant Formation of Ions in Aqueous Solution Ion–Water Interaction Ion–Ion Interaction and Distribution of Ions in Solution Effect of Ions on Structure and Dielectric Constant of Water References and Further Reading Problems
POSTOPERATIVE PULMONARY PATTERNS FOLLOWING CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS (1966)

POSTOPERATIVE PULMONARY PATTERNS FOLLOWING CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASSARCH W. TEMPLETON, M.D., CARL H. ALMOND, M.D., ANTHONY SEABER, CHARLES SIMMONS, M.D. and JAMES MACKENZIE, M.D.Audio Available | Share
Lunar vehicle assembly and processing on Space Station Freedom (1990)

A concept is proposed that permits the accommodation of lunar vehicles on Space Station Freedom (SSF) within the context of the Human Exploration Initiative. The facility required for lunar-vehicle processing is defined with references to the types of support equipment assumed for these tasks. Attention is given to the SSF Assembly Complete, verification of the Lunar Transfer Vehicles (LTVs), and the attachments of reusable vs expendable LTVs. The impact of the assembly and processing operations is delineated with specific qualifications for revising the allowances for vehicle mass and controllability, reboost fuel needs, microgravity activities, and flight attitude. EVA working time is estimated for overhead and truss-assembly operations at about 3 months to support reusable LTV operations on the SSF. An Assembly/Servicing Facility is proposed for these activities with specific hardware options, and a hydrogen-oxygen propulsion system is proposed to make these activities more efficient.
Adsorptive Separation of Infinitesimal Sulfur Oxide in Naphtha—Screening of Adsorbents— (2006)

A model naphtha and benzothiophene-1,1-oxide (BTDO) were used to evaluate five commercial adsorbents in order to select a high-performance adsorbent for the separation of sulfur oxides generated in oxidative desulfurization processes. In preliminary experimental runs, the adsorbents were examined to determine their ability to reduce the sulfur concentration in the feed from 14 ppm to 1 ppm using 0.2 wt% adsorbent. Three of the five adsorbents, silica gel (SIL), active carbon-impregnated silica gel (ACSIL), and molecular sieve 13X (MS) met this criterion, while active carbon (AC) and silica-alumina type (NBD) adsorbents did not. Screening of the three adsorbents that passed the preliminary test showed that SIL had the highest throughput, which exceeded 1000 g/g-adsorbent, in reducing the sulfur concentration in model naphtha from 1 ppm to 10 ppb. ACSIL and MS could cope with only about 600 g/g-adsorbent.
Glycosidated Phospholipids – a Promising Group of Anti-Tumour Lipids (2014)

Synthetic alkylphospholipids (APLs), exhibit similarity to the platelet-activating factor (PAF). These compounds have antiproliferative effects on tumour cells and can therefore be regarded as a new class of drugs. Unlike classic cytostatic agents, synthetic alkylphospholipids do not interfere with the DNA or the mitotic spindle apparatus. Instead, due to their aliphatic character, alkylphospholipids accumulate in cell membranes, where they have an impact on lipid metabolism and lipid-dependent signalling pathways which leads to inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis in malignant cells. Normal cells remain unaffected by these compounds. Glycosidated phospholipids, are a novel class of alkylphospholipids, in which carbohydrates or carbohydrate-related molecules are introduced in the chemical lead of PAF. These hybrid alkylphospholipids also exhibit anti-proliferative capacity. Furthermore, members of this subfamily also modulate cell adhesion, differentiation, apoptosis and migration of tumour cells. Among the members of this group, Inositol-C2-platelet-activating factor (Ino-C2-PAF) is the most effective compound developed so far. Recently, we also showed that Ino-C2-PAF exhibited the strongest impact on the gene expression levels of immortalised keratinocytes in comparison to edelfosine and another glycosidated alkylphospholipid, Glucose-platelet-activating factor (Glc-PAF). Furthermore, Ino-C2-PAF reduced the expression of genes encoding proteins associated with inflammation and the innate and acquired immune responses.
Coordinate Tomlinson-Harashima Precoding Design for Overloaded Multi-user MIMO Systems (2014)

Tomlinson-Harashima precoding (THP) is a nonlinear processing technique employed at the transmit side to implement the concept of dirty paper coding (DPC). The perform of THP, however, is restricted by the dimensionality constraint that the number of transmit antennas has to be greater or equal to the total number of receive antennas. In this paper, we propose an iterative coordinate THP algorithm for the scenarios in which the total number of receive antennas is larger than the number of transmit antennas. The proposed algorithm is implemented on two types of THP structures, the decentralized THP (dTHP) with diagonal weighted filters at the receivers of the users, and the centralized THP (cTHP) with diagonal weighted filter at the transmitter. Simulation results show that a much better bit error rate (BER) and sum-rate performances can be achieved by the proposed iterative coordinate THP compared to the previous linear art.
Histamine Turnover in the Rat Hypothalamic Nuclei Estimated from α-Fluoromethylhistidine-lnduced Histamine Decrease (1989)

The turnover rates, rate constants and half-life values of neuronal histamine (HA) in 10 nuclei of the rat hypothalamus were estimated from the depletion of HA induced by α-fluoromethylhistidine (α-FMH: 100 mg/kg. i.p). a specific inhibitor of histidine decarboxylase, on the presumption that α-FMH depletable HA pools represent neuronal ones. Marked variation in the HA turnover rates were observed among the hypothalamic nuclei, ranging from 5.7 to 19.5 pmole/mg protein/hr
Intrinsic MOSFET parameter fluctuations due to random dopant placement (1997)

Intrinsic fluctuations in threshold voltage, subthreshold swing, saturation drain current and subthreshold leakage of ultrasmall-geometry MOSFETs due to random placement of dopant atoms in the channel are examined using novel physical models and a Monte Carlo simulator. These fluctuations are shown to pose severe barriers to the scaling of supply voltage and channel length and thus, to the minimization of power dissipation and switching delay in multibillion transistor chips of the future. In particular, using the device technology and the level of integration projections of the National Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors for the next 15 years, standard and maximum deviations of threshold voltage, drive current, subthreshold swing and subthreshold leakage are shown to escalate to 40 and 600 mV, 10 and 100%, 2 and 20 mV/dec, and 10 and 10/sup 8/%, respectively, in the 0.07 /spl mu/m, 0.9 V complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology generation with 1.3-64 billion transistors on a chip in 2010. While these deviations can be reduced to some degree by selecting optimal values of channel width, the associated penalties in dynamic and static power, and in packing density demand improved MOSFET structures aimed at minimizing parameter deviations.
Studies of reactions of importance in the stratosphere. II. Reactions involving chlorine nitrate and chlorine dioxide (1977)

The rate of formation of chlorine nitrate, ClO+NO2+M→ClONO2+M, has been studied over the temperature range 250–356 °K and the pressure range 1–5 torr using the discharge flow technique with mass spectrometry for detection. The resulting low pressure third order reaction rate constant in N2 is given by the Arrhenius expression kN2=4.40±0.66 ×10−33 exp(1087±70/T)cm6 molecule−2 sec−1. Helium was found to be one-half as effective as N2 as a third body for this reaction. No reaction of ClONO2 with NO, NO2, O3, or HCl could be observed. Upper limits of 4.×10−17, 2.×10−17, 7.×10−17, and 1.2×10−15 cm3 molecule−1 sec−1 for the respective bimolecular reaction rate constants preclude the importance of these reactions as sinks for ClONO2 in the stratosphere. A heterogeneous reaction, ClONO2+HClsurface→HONO2+Cl2, was observed, and may be useful as a selective reaction for the measurement of chlorine nitrate in the stratosphere. An upper limit of 10−16 cm3 molecule−1 sec−1 was found for the reaction ClO+O3→OClO+O2 and an upper limit of 5.×10−14 cm3 molecule−1 sec−1 for the reaction ClO+O3→ClOO+O2 at 298 °K. The rate constant for the reaction OClO+O3→ClO3 +O2 was found to be 1.20±0.15×10−19 cm3 molecule−1 sec−1 at 298 °K by a static method, the concentrations of OClO and O3 being followed by optical absorption. These results, combined with the calculated photolysis constant for OClO of 7.6×10−2 sec−1, rule out of the successive oxidation of chlorine as a path to the photochemically stable species perchloric acid.
HeLa cells as a model to study the invasiveness and biology of Legionella pneumophila. (1998)

HeLa cells were established as a model system to study the invasiveness and biology of Legionella pneumophila. In this model, invasion could be distinguished from adherence; virulent strains of L. pneumophila were adherent and invasive, whereas nonvirulent strains were adherent but poorly invasive. Invasion was rapid and did not require de novo bacterial protein synthesis, suggesting that the invasion factor is constitutively expressed by virulent strains. Entry into HeLa cells required actin polymerization and an intact microtubule cytoskeleton and was only moderately inhibited by the presence of 100 mM glucose or galactose. Intracellular replication of virulent L. pneumophila took place in ribosome-studded complex endosomes and led to the formation of free bacteria-laden vesicles presumably released from lysed HeLa cells. These free vesicles (referred to as mature vesicles) were isolated in continuous density gradients of Percoll. The bacteria contained in the isolated mature vesicles had a unique envelope structure and were highly adherent to HeLa cells, characteristics that correlated with a bright red appearance after the Giménez stain (Giménez positive). Plate-grown legionellae and replicating legionellae, harboured in complex endosomes, displayed a typical Gram-negative envelope and stained green after the Giménez stain (Giménez negative). Chronically infected cultures of HeLa cells were also established that may be a useful tool for studying long-term interactions between virulent L. pneumophila and mammalian cells. HeLa cells constitute a valuable model system that offers unique opportunities to study parasite-directed endocytosis, as well as stage specific-parasite interactions.
Why protein R‐factors are so large: A self‐consistent analysis (2002)

The R-factor and R-free are commonly used to measure the quality of protein models obtained in X-ray crystallography. Well-refined protein structures usually have R-factors in the range of 20-25%, whereas intrinsic errors in the experimental data are usually around 5%. We use molecular dynamics simulations to perform a self-consistent analysis by which we determine the major factors contributing to large values of protein R-factors. The analysis shows that significant R-factor values can arise from the use of isotropic B-factors to model anisotropic protein motions and from coordinate errors. Even in the absence of coordinate errors, the use of isotropic B-factors can cause the R-factors to be around 10%; for coordinate errors smaller than 0.2 A, the two errors types make similar contributions. The inaccuracy of the energy function used and multistate protein dynamics are unlikely to make significant contributions to the large R-factors.
Malleable Embodiment (2017)

We hypothesize that replacing the visual perception of one's body with a spatial-temporal deformed state would change sensations associated with the body. We developed a system that captures full-body movement and generates estimated past and future body movement by deformation. With a head mounted display, people could see their bodies as slightly deformed. We then investigated 1) how human movement is physically changed, and 2) how humans feel about the change in physical and emotional views of the body due to virtual body deformation. Our results show that spatial-temporal deformation of a virtual body actually changes the sense of body as well as physical movement. For instance, a body image generated at approximately 25-100 ms in the future induced a "lighter weight" sensation. On the basis of our findings, we discuss the design implication of computational control for the physical and emotional sense of body.
Optimization of the TWT attenuators&#x2019; parameters (2008)

Electronic efficiency dependence on electron beam interaction with electromagnetic field in an attenuating section is analyzed in this paper. Itpsilas shown that said interaction leads to a significant decrease in TWTpsilas efficiency. The possibility to increase electronic efficiency by an additional attenuator with relatively small attenuation is considered below. Formulas for optimum position and attenuations of both attenuators are derived.
Measuring Nurses’ Impact on Health Care Quality (2013)

These findings and products add to the robust set of measures needed to measure nurses' contributions to the care of hospitalized patients. The implementation of these projects has been rich with lessons about the ongoing challenges related to quality measurement.
Noise analysis of ionization kinetics in a protein ion channel (1993)

We observed excess current noise generated by the reversible ionization of sites in a transmembrane protein ion channel, which is analogous to current fluctuations found recently in solid state microstructure electronic devices. Specifically the current through fully open single channels formed by Staphylococcus aureus α‐toxin shows pH dependent fluctuations. We show that noise analysis of the open channel current can be used to evaluate the ionization rate constants, the number of sites participating in the ionization process, and the effect of recharging a single site on the channel conductance.
P2‐162: Bilingualism and incident dementia risk: Results from the Einstein Aging Study (2011)

Several cross-sectional studies have suggested that bilingualism may be associated with lower risk of dementia. Speaking a second language is sometimes viewed as a form of cognitive stimulation. Some cognitively-stimulating activities have been shown to protect against the onset of dementia in older adults. Few longitudinal studies have investigated the effects of bilingualism on risk for incident dementia and MCI. This study tests the hypothesis that bilingualism is associated with lower risk of incident dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) in a prospective cohort study. Participants took part in the Einstein Aging Study (EAS), a longitudinal study of aging and cognition in the Bronx, NY. Participants (n = 1777) self-reported first language learned, age of English acquisition, and the percentage of time they spoke a non-English language at home. All participants were fluent in English. In primary analysis, bilingualism was broadly defined as having a first language other than English. Dementia, amnestic MCI (aMCI), and non-amnestic MCI (naMCI) were diagnosed in consensus conferences according to standard criteria. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) for bilingualism as a predictor of incident dementia, aMCI, and naMCI. Age was used as the time scale and models were adjusted for education. 394 (19.6%) participants spoke a first language other than English; median age of English acquisition in this group was 7.0 years (interquartile range 5-15). At the time of study enrollment, 131 participants actively spoke a language other than English; mean (SD) percentile use of the non-English language in this group was 53.3% (34.7). Overall, there were 127 cases of incident dementia, 115 cases of incident aMCI, and 164 cases of naMCI. Comparing bilingual and monolingual individuals, there was no statistically-significant difference in the hazard ratios (HR) for dementia (HR 1.08, 95% CI 0.74-1.57, p = 0.71), aMCI (HR 1.06, 95% CI 0.68-1.64, p = 0.80), and naMCI (HR 1.30, 95% CI 0.91-1.86, p = 0.15). Results were similar in a secondary analysis that defined bilingualism as active use (= 10%) of a non-English language. In the EAS, bilingualism was not associated with risk for incident dementia or MCI.
Fanconi's anemia. Current concepts. (1992)

Fanconi's anemia is an autosomal recessive disorder with a high incidence (greater than 90%) of aplastic anemia and a premalignant component with a greater than 10% risk of leukemia or solid tumors. The diagnosis of Fanconi's anemia depends on increased chromosomal breakage in lymphocytes following treatment with a DNA cross-linking agent; patients have been identified who are clinically well and whose physical appearance is normal. Although bone marrow or cord blood transplants can be curative, treatment for the aplastic anemia usually depends on androgens. Close to 20 patients with Fanconi's anemia have delivered normal babies, and the mothers' hematologic status was not significantly adversely affected by the pregnancy. A few patients have clonal cytogenetic abnormalities in their bone marrow that do not necessarily indicate leukemic transformation, but further follow-up is important. Studies of in vitro erythropoiesis indicate a correlation between the clinical hematologic status and the presence of erythroid progenitors in the blood or bone marrow. Certain hematopoietic growth factors do increase growth in vitro, suggesting that new types of therapy may become available. Not every patient has a poor prognosis. There are now many adults with Fanconi's anemia, some with families of their own.
Indium Oxide Nanostructure Optimization for RRAM Integration on CMOS BEOL (2018)

This work report on the integration of indium oxide (In2O3) nanocrystals (NCs) for Resistive Random Access Memory (RRAM) applications. The RRAM integration based on MOCVD and ALD depositions is fully compatible fabrication process with CMOS of back-end-off-line. A bipolar switching behavior is clearly linked to In2O3 NC. First RRAM prototypes with HRS/LRS ratios higher than 104 are measured. Device parameter dispersion is observed mainly for Vreset. The NC density has been increased from 3. 108 cm-2 to 2. 10 10 cm-2 with an average NC diameter reduced from 12 nm to 4 nm. The optimization of NC's size dispersion and density is finally expected to reduce the observed parameter dispersion.
Achieving the Optimal Diversity-Versus-Multiplexing Tradeoff for MIMO Flat Channels With QAM Space–Time Spreading and DFE Equalization (2006)

The use of multiple transmit (Tx) and receive (Rx) antennas allows to transmit multiple signal streams in parallel and hence to increase communication capacity. We have previously introduced simple convolutive linear precoding schemes that spread transmitted symbols in time and space, involving spatial spreading, delay diversity and possibly temporal spreading. In this paper we show that the use of the classical multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) decision feedback equalizer (DFE) (but with joint detection) for this system allows to achieve the optimal diversity-versus-multiplexing tradeoff introduced in Zheng and Tse, "Diversity and multiplexing: A fundamental tradeoff in multiple-antenna channels," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, May 2003, when a minimum mean squared error (MMSE) design is used. One of the major contributions of this work is the diversity analysis of a MMSE equalizer without the Gaussian approximation. Furthermore, the tradeoff is discussed for an arbitrary number of transmit and receive antennas. We also show the tradeoff obtained for a MMSE zero forcing (ZF) design. So, another originality of this paper is to show that the MIMO optimal tradeoff can be attained with a suboptimal receiver, in this case a DFE, as opposed to optimal maximum likelihood sequence estimation (MLSE)
Application of Protein Footprinting Crosslinking and Mass Spectrometry in Mapping Ape1 Contacts During BER Progression. (2007)

Abstract not provided.