gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anterior cruciate ligament-medial collateral ligament injury: Nonoperative management of medial collateral ligament tears with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (1992)

We present the results of a series of patients who had nonoperative management of the medial collateral ligament with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. From February 1983 through December 1989, 84 of 90 consecutive patients were available for followup (minimum, 1 year; mean, 3.1 years) with a combined anterior cruciate ligament-medial collateral ligament injury (anterior cruciate ligament rupture and medial collateral ligament tear) received surgical management by the same physician. The last 68 of these 84 patients who met the inclusion criteria underwent patellar tendon graft for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, with concomitant nonoperative management of medial collateral ligament tears. Follow-up evaluation consisted of physical examination for medial laxity, range of motion, and isokinetic and KT-1000 testing. Brace use and postoperative level of competition were also recorded. In addition, the patients completed a subjective assessment questionnaire rating pain, swelling, and stability. They also rated overall activity level, and any changes in their ability to do the activities tested: walk, climb stairs, run, jump, or twist. Our results indicate that proper reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament, in conjunction with nonoperative management of tears of the medial collateral ligament in combined anterior cruciate ligament-medial collateral ligament injuries, can given excellent stability and good to excellent functional outcome in patients with combined anterior cruciate ligament-medial collateral ligament injuries.
Insights from Characterizing Extinct Human Gut Microbiomes (2012)

In an effort to better understand the ancestral state of the human distal gut microbiome, we examine feces retrieved from archaeological contexts (coprolites). To accomplish this, we pyrosequenced the 16S rDNA V3 region from duplicate coprolite samples recovered from three archaeological sites, each representing a different depositional environment: Hinds Cave (~8000 years B.P.) in the southern United States, Caserones (1600 years B.P.) in northern Chile, and Rio Zape in northern Mexico (1400 years B.P.). Clustering algorithms grouped samples from the same site. Phyletic representation was more similar within sites than between them. A Bayesian approach to source-tracking was used to compare the coprolite data to published data from known sources that include, soil, compost, human gut from rural African children, human gut, oral and skin from US cosmopolitan adults and non-human primate gut. The data from the Hinds Cave samples largely represented unknown sources. The Caserones samples, retrieved directly from natural mummies, matched compost in high proportion. A substantial and robust proportion of Rio Zape data was predicted to match the gut microbiome found in traditional rural communities, with more minor matches to other sources. One of the Rio Zape samples had taxonomic representation consistent with a child. To provide an idealized scenario for sample preservation, we also applied source tracking to previously published data for Ötzi the Iceman and a soldier frozen for 93 years on a glacier. Overall these studies reveal that human microbiome data has been preserved in some coprolites, and these preserved human microbiomes match more closely to those from the rural communities than to those from cosmopolitan communities. These results suggest that the modern cosmopolitan lifestyle resulted in a dramatic change to the human gut microbiome.
Highly Emissive and Electrochemically Stable Thienylene Vinylene Oligomers and Copolymers: An Unusual Effect of Alkylsulfanyl Substituents (2010)

Abstract The synthesis, unexpected efficient photoluminescence, and reversible electrochemical p‐ and n‐doping of new conjugated thienylene vinylene materials functionalized with alkylsulfanyl substituents poly(trithienylene vinylene) (PTTV) and poly(dithienylvinyl‐ co ‐benzothiadiazole) (PDTVB) along with dithienylvinylene‐based oligomers is reported. The materials are studied by thermal and X‐ray diffraction analysis, optical spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and spectroelectrochemistry. Organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs) are fabricated with PTTV and PDTVB. The polymers, prepared by Stille polycondensation, exhibit good thermal stability and a photoluminescent quantum yield in the range 34%–68%. Low bandgaps (1.5–1.8 eV), estimated by optical and electrochemical measurements along with high stability of both redox states, suggest that these structures are promising materials for photovoltaic applications. OFETs fabricated with PDTVB reveal a hole mobility of 7 × 10 −3 cm 2 V −1 s −1 with on/off ratio 10 5 , which are comparatively high values for completely amorphous polymer semiconductors.
The Effects of Bubbles on Mass Transfer across Breaking Air-Water Interfaces. (2000)

The effects of bubbles entrained into water by wave breaking on the mass transfer in wind-driven turbulence were experimentally and numerically investigated. The bubble entrainment rate and relative velocity between a bubble and liquid were measured using both a laser Doppler velocimeter (LDV) and a phase Doppler anemometer (PDA). The results show that the bubble entrainment rate increases linearly against wind speed and the relative velocity in wind-driven turbulence is smaller than the raising velocity of a bubble in the quiet water. Further, the mass transfer velocity for a bubble was estimated by means of a direct numerical simulation (DNS) over the wide range of the particle Reynolds number (0.1≤Rep≤300). The DNS results show that the mass transfer coefficient for a bubble depends on Rep but not on the ambient flow structure. It is also found that the contribution of the total bubbles to the total mass transfer across the breaking air-water interface is at most 7% in wind-driven turbulence.
Optimization of Glass Forming Ability of Al-Ni-Si Alloys by a Thermodynamic and Kinetic Approach (2013)

This study reports the glass forming ability (GFA) of Al-Ni-Si alloys with selected compositions based on atomic packing efficiency and driving force criteria. Higher GFA was observed in the Al-rich lower liquidus temperature regions of the Al-Ni-Si system indicating that these compositions exhibit a lower driving force for crystallization. Five glassy alloys that were calculated to consist of densely packed atomic short-range ordering were found to retain an amorphous structure upon copper mould casting. The result of GFA in the Al-Ni-Si system provides a novel approach to develop new metallic glasses considering both the thermodynamic stability and sluggish crystallisation kinetics through efficient packing.
Effects of Cl$_2$/H$_2$Plasma Condition on the etch Properties of n-GaN and ohmic Contact Formation (1999)

In this study, n-GaN samples were etched using planar inductively coupled /plasmas and the effects of plasma conditions on the etch properties, surface composition, and ohmic contact formation were investigated as a function of gas combination. As the addition of hydrogen to the plasma increased to 100%, GaN etch rates decreased due to the reduction of chlorine radical density. Even though the variation of the surface composition is limited under , the surface composition was also changed from Ga-rich to N-rich with the increased addition of hydrogen to . Etch products by the reaction between Ga in GaN and Cl in plasma were investigated using OES analysis during the GaN etching. The value of specific resistivity of the contact formed on the n-GaN etched using 100% plasma was 3.110\ulcorner, and which was lower than that formed on the non-etched n-GaN. However, the resistively was increased with the increased hydrogen percent in /.
Recrystallization of amorphous and nanocrystalline NdBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-x/ and GdBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-x/ (1993)

Using a novel melt-spinning technique, the authors have produced both amorphous and nanocrystalline NdBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-x/ and GdBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-x/ materials. Samples melt-spun in O/sub 2/ consist of nanocrystals with the tetragonal 123 structure while those processed in N/sub 2/ show an amorphous matrix with small amounts of crystalline BaCu/sub 2/O/sub 2/, as shown by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies. The difference is due to the strong dependence of the phase relations on the O/sub 2/ partial pressure. Superconductivity can be fully restored by heating above 1000 degrees C followed by a 450 degrees C anneal in O/sub 2/. High-temperature XRD studies show that the 123 phase crystallizes directly from the amorphous matrix below 800 degrees C. Restoration of the orthorhombic 123 phase does not necessarily ensure good superconducting properties, a result attributed to disorder on the heavy metal sites.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
ChemInform Abstract: Organosilanes as Radical‐Based Reducing Agents with Low Hydrogen Donating Abilities. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Monocyclic terpene alcohols. IV. Birch reduction of p-isopropylbenzoic acid (cumic acid) (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMonocyclic terpene alcohols. IV. Birch reduction of p-isopropylbenzoic acid (cumic acid)Francisco Camps, Jose Coll, and Jose PascualCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1967, 32, 8, 2563–2566Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01283a045https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01283a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views158Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Entry to the 2,5‐Epoxyimidazo[1,5‐a][1,3]diazocine and 5,8‐Epoxy[1,2,3]triazolo[1,5‐a][1,3]diazocine Systems: Novel Reversed Cyclonucleoside Analogues. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Theoretical nozzle performance of a microwave electrothermal thruster using experimental data (1992)

Research aimed at developing a fundamental understanding of the plasma processes as applied to spacecraft propulsion is presented. Calorimetric, photographic, and spectrophotometric measurements based on the TM011 and TM012 modes in the resonance cavity have been performed. The efficiency of a thruster has been calculated using a theoretical model for predicting temperature, velocity, and species density within the propellant. It is concluded that the microwave electrothermal thruster is a viable alternative to electrode thrusters.
Synthesis and Electrophilic Substitution of Pyrido[2,3,4-kl]-acridines (2001)

Several new pyrido[2,3,4-kl]acridines were synthesized by reacting naphthoquinone, juglone or cyclohexan-1,3-dione with β,β’-diaminoketones in a biomimetic reaction. The structure of all new compounds was elucidated by NMR and MS spectroscopy. Electrophilic substitution, mainly nitration, of the various compounds was undertaken and the substitution positions determined. A series of derivatives was prepared and their cytotoxicity towards P-388 mouse lymphoma cells analysed. The most cytotoxic derivatives were found to have IC50’s of 0.05 and 0.1 ug/ml.
Kinetics of metastatic breast cancer cell trafficking in bone (2006)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

3980 

Breast cancer has a high propensity for bone colonization. When present in the bone microenvironment, metastatic breast cancer cells induce osteolysis by increasing bone resorbing osteoclast activity and decreasing bone depositing osteoblast activity. Most in-vivo studies have focused on the later stages of bone metastasis, where breast cancer cells characteristically colonize the ends of long bones in humans. While this localization is of significant clinical importance, little is understood about early bone metastastic events including cell arrival, localization, and initial cancer cell colonization, which may be of importance in therapeutic intervention. MDA-MB-435 human breast cancer cells engineered to contain green fluorescent protein were injected into the left ventricle of female athymic mice, thereby minimizing first-pass filtration through pulmonary capillaries and allowing a maximal number of cells to reach the bone. Mice were then euthanized at times from 1 hr to 6 wks, and femurs isolated and analyzed by fluorescent microscopy, immunohistochemistry, real-time polymerase chain reaction, flow cytometry, and histomorphometry. As early as 1 hr post-injection, single tumor cells could be detected throughout the bone, with the majority (∼90%) found in the distal metaphyses as opposed to the diaphysis. Tumor cells remained in a single cell state in bone ends for up to 72 hrs indicating a lack of tumor cell proliferation. Solitary cells in the diaphysis were rarely detected beyond 24 hrs. Numerous foci (2-10 cells) were observed at 1 wk, and by 2 wks, fewer but larger foci (≥50 cells) were seen. By 4 wks, most bones had a single large mass (either originating from a single colony or coalescing foci) which extended into the diaphysis by 4-6 wks. While little change (<20%) was seen in osteoblast or osteoclast number at 2 wks, by 4-6 wks, the number of osteoblasts was drastically reduced (to 8% of control), with osteoclast numbers being modestly reduced (to ∼60% of control). These data confirm previous in-vitro evidence that suggest breast cancer cells induce osteoblast apoptosis and impede osteoblast replacement. This is the first in vivo study to describe the kinetics of breast cancer cells at the earliest time after arrival in the femur (a common site of metastatic breast cancer cell colonization). It also supports in vivo our recent in vitro studies that indicated osteoblasts, in the presence of breast cancer cells, undergo increased apoptosis and are prevented from differentiating. Since skeletal structural integrity is integral to survival and quality of life, comprehensive treatment of bone metastases must restore bone matrix deposition as well as limit osteolysis. Supported by the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (DAMD-17-02-1-0541, DAMD-17-03-01-0584, and DAMD-17-02-1-0358), the University of Alabama Breast SPORE (P50-CA89019), and the National Foundation for Cancer Research and the PA Dept. of Health (CA87728).
Facile Preparation of Highly Conductive Metal Oxides by Self-Combustion for Solution-Processed Thermoelectric Generators (2016)

Highly conductive indium zinc oxide (IZO) thin films were successfully fabricated via a self-combustion reaction for application in solution-processed thermoelectric devices. Self-combustion efficiently facilitates the conversion of soluble precursors into metal oxides by lowering the required annealing temperature of oxide films, which leads to considerable enhancement of the electrical conductivity of IZO thin films. Such enhanced electrical conductivity induced by exothermic heat from a combustion reaction consequently yields high performance IZO thermoelectric films. In addition, the effect of the composition ratio of In to Zn precursors on the electrical and thermoelectric properties of the IZO thin films was investigated. IZO thin films with a composition ratio of In:Zn = 6:2 at the low annealing temperature of 350 °C showed an enhanced electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and power factor of 327 S cm(-1), 50.6 μV K(-1), and 83.8 μW m(-1) K(-2), respectively. Moreover, the IZO thin film prepared at an even lower temperature of 300 °C retained a large power factor of 78.7 μW m(-1) K(-2) with an electrical conductivity of 168 S cm(-1). Using the combustive IZO precursor, a thermoelectric generator consisting of 15 legs was fabricated by a printing process. The thermoelectric array generated a thermoelectric voltage of 4.95 mV at a low temperature difference (5 °C). We suggest that the highly conductive IZO thin films by self-combustion may be utilized for fabricating n-type flexible printed thermoelectric devices.
Electrochemical biosensing of organophosphates using vertically aligned multiwall carbon nanotubes (2013)

Electrochemical biosensors using vertically aligned multiwalled carbon nanotube (VAMWNTs) on the substrates has been envisioned to enhance performance of the sensor. The carboxylated MWNTs were covalently attached to the silicon wafer surface using an amine linkage. MWNTs structure and functionality was characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and resonance Raman spectroscopy. The electrochemical studies of MWNTs showed the excellent electrochemical properties with an electron transfer. In addition to enhanced electron flow, impedance spectroscopy demonstrated the decrease of charge-transfer resistance measurements with the VAMWNTs. Organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) enzyme was immobilized on the carboxylated VAMWNTs and this nanostructure assembly was used as a sensor to detect organophosphate compounds with high sensitivity.
ChemInform Abstract: MOLYBDENUM CATALYSTS FOR ALLYLIC ALKYLATION (1983)

Abstract Die Regioselektivität der durch einen Mo‐Komplex katalysierten Reaktion eines Allylacetats.
Early features of systemic and adipose-tissue low-grade inflammation in a model of postprandial endothelial dysfunction (2008)

An abstract is not available for this content. As you have access to this content, full HTML content is provided on this page. A PDF of this content is also available in through the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
Standard Free Thickness Determination of Thin TEM Samples via Backscatter Electron Image Correlation (2009)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2009 in Richmond, Virginia, USA, July 26 – July 30, 2009
Measuring mental workload: ocular astigmatism aberration as a novel objective index (2017)

This study assessed the effect of two perceptually matched mental tasks with different levels of mental demand on ocular aberrations in a group of young adults. We measured ocular aberration with a wavefront sensor, and total, internal and corneal RMS (root mean square) aberrations were calculated from Zernike coefficients, considering natural and scaled pupils (5, 4.5, and 4 mm). We found that total, internal and corneal astigmatism RMS showed significant differences between mental tasks with natural pupils (p < .05), and this effect was maintained with 5 mm scaled pupils (total RMS astigmatism, p < .05). Consistently, pupil size, intraocular pressure, perceived mental load and cognitive performance were influenced by the level of mental complexity (p < .05 for all). The findings suggest that ocular astigmatism aberration, mediated by intraocular pressure, could be an objective, valid reliable index to evaluate the impact of cognitive processing in conjunction with others physiological markers in real world contexts. Practitioner Summary: The search continues for a valid, reliable, convenient method of measuring mental workload. In this study we found ocular astigmatism aberration is sensitive to the cumulative effect of mental effort. It shows promise of being a novel ocular index which may help to assess mental workload in real situations.
Synthesis of an Upper-rim-connected Biscalix[4]arene and Its Improved Inclusion Ability Based on the Cooperative Action (1995)

Abstract Conformationally-immobile biscalix[4]arene made by connecting the upper rims showed the high inclusion ability for N-methylpyridimium and homologous cationic guest molecules. Comparison with reference compounds established that the enhanced inclusion ability is due to the cooperative action of two upper-rim-confronted calix[4]arenes.
Étude de la fonction de transfert pointe-image de la sonde atomique tomographique (2001)

Cholesterol plays essential structural and signaling roles in mammalian cells, but too much cholesterol can cause cytotoxicity. Acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferases 1 and 2 (ACAT1/2) convert cholesterol into its storage form, cholesteryl esters, regulating a key step in cellular cholesterol homeostasis. Adipose tissue can store >50% of whole-body cholesterol. Interestingly, however, almost no ACAT activity is present in adipose tissue, and most adipose cholesterol is stored in its free form. We therefore hypothesized that increased cholesterol esterification may have detrimental effects on adipose tissue function. Here, using several approaches, including protein overexpression, quantitative RT-PCR, immunofluorescence, and various biochemical assays, we found that ACAT1 expression is significantly increased in the adipose tissue of the <i>ob</i>/<i>ob</i> mice. We further demonstrated that ACAT1/2 overexpression partially inhibited the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. In mature adipocytes, increased ACAT activity reduced the size of lipid droplets (LDs) and inhibited lipolysis and insulin signaling. Paradoxically, the amount of free cholesterol increased on the surface of LDs in ACAT1/2-overexpressing adipocytes, accompanied by increased LD localization of caveolin-1. Moreover, cholesterol depletion in adipocytes by treating the cells with cholesterol-deficient media or β-cyclodextrins induced changes in cholesterol distribution that were similar to those caused by ACAT1/2 overexpression. Our results suggest that ACAT1/2 overexpression increases the level of free cholesterol on the LD surface, thereby impeding adipocyte function. These findings provide detailed insights into the role of free cholesterol in LD and adipocyte function and suggest that ACAT inhibitors have potential utility for managing disorders associated with extreme obesity.