gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Encapsidation Determinants Located Downstream of the Major Splice Donor in the Maedi-Visna Virus Leader Region (2006)

We investigated the role of the 5'-untranslated region between the primer binding site and the gag initiation codon in ovine lentivirus maedi-visna virus (MVV) genomic RNA encapsidation. We identified five computer-predicted stem-loops, three of which were highly conserved in primary sequence and structure. One stable 83-nucleotide (nt) stem-loop (SL4) was not conserved in the primary sequence, but phylogenetic analysis revealed several base pair covariations. The deletion of individual stem-loops did not markedly affect the relative encapsidation efficiency (REE). Only one mutant, carrying a disruption of a 31-nt stem-loop (SL5), had 58% REE in fetal ovine synovial (FOS) cells. A 168-nt deletion (Delta3MSD) downstream of the major splice donor (MSD) which removed three stem-loops, including SL5, resulted in 24% and 20% REE in FOS and 293T cells, respectively. A 100-nt deletion (Delta5MSD) upstream of the MSD resulted in 15-fold lower cellular genomic RNA levels than the wild-type levels in 293T cells. The Delta5MSD mutant and a double mutant (DM) (Delta5MSD and Delta3MSD) did not express detectable levels of virion proteins in 293T cells. In contrast, the region deleted in Delta5MSD was dispensable in FOS cells, and the DM had the same REE as the Delta3MSD virus. Thus, the region upstream of the MSD contains sequences critical for RNA and protein expression in a cell type-specific fashion. Our results indicate that MVV encapsidation determinants are located downstream of the MSD. These results provide comparative insight into lentiviral encapsidation and can be utilized in the design of MVV-based gene transfer vectors.
Update of Endoscopic Band Ligation Therapy for Treatment of Esophageal Varices (2003)

Endoscopic band ligation is generally acknowledged to be equal or superior to sclerotherapy for treatment of acute bleeding although some believe it is more difficult to perform during active hemorrhage. Drug therapy is increasingly accepted as a valuable adjunct to acute endoscopic therapy. It is unclear; however, which drug regimen is optimal. Accurate interpretation of results from studies of acute bleeding is hampered by differences in definitions and end-points. It is important to distinguish, when possible, treatments conducted in patients who are actively bleeding at the time of endoscopic therapy from those in patients in whom bleeding has stopped by the time endoscopy is performed. The latter usually have better outcomes.
Non-blocking PMD monitoring in live optical systems (2007)

A simple and non-blocking polarisation-mode dispersion (PMD) monitoring technique using coherent detection is demonstrated and applied to a 40 Gbit/s live fibre-optic system. The results demonstrated a clear correlation between the instantaneous differential group delay and the receiver Q-margin. It was also demonstrated that PMD-induced outage can be eliminated by an adaptive PMD compensator.
Immobilized Highly Charged Colloidal Crystals: A New Route to Three-Dimensional Mesoscale Structured Materials (2002)

Mesoporous silver with a three-dimensional periodic structure has been prepared electrochemically (see picture) starting from colloidal crystals immobilized in a hydrogel. In this new process it is possible to tune both the size of the enclosures and the thickness of the walls between the enclosed particles in the mesoscale ordered material.
Irradiation damage in graphene on SiO2 probed by local mobility measurements (2009)

Using a method based on scanning capacitance spectroscopy, local measurements of the electron mean free path (l) and mobility (μ) have been carried out on single layers of graphene (SLG) mechanically exfoliated from highly oriented pyrolytic graphite and deposited on SiO2/Si. Lateral inhomogeneity of l and μ was found both on pristine and ion irradiated SLG with different C ion fluences (from 1013 to 1014 cm−2), with an increasing spread in the distribution of l and μ for larger fluences. Before irradiation, the spread was explained by the inhomogeneous distribution of charged impurities on SLG surface and/or at the interface with SiO2. After irradiation, lattice vacancies cause a local reduction of μ in the damaged regions.
Use of Intravital Microscopy to Study the Microvascular Behavior of Microbubble‐Based Ultrasound Contrast Agents (2012)

These results support the safety of both targeted and nontargeted UCAs as no microvascular flow alteration or plugging of microvessels were observed. They confirm that binding observed with targeted microbubbles are due to the binding of these microbubbles to specific endothelial receptors.
Caracterización de biosólidos generados en la planta de tratamiento de agua residual San Fernando, Itagüí (Antioquia, Colombia) (2013)

Objetivo Realizar la caracterización físico-química, microbiológica y parasitológica en biosólidos generados en la planta de tratamiento de agua residual San Fernando, Itagüí (Antioquia, Colombia).Métodos Se analizaron 12 muestras de biosólido tomadas cada mes, de enero a diciembre de 2010 a las cuales se les realizó un análisis físico-químico y microbiológico de acuerdo a lo establecido en la Norma Técnica Colombiana 5167.Para la determinación y viabilidad de huevos de helmintos se siguió el protocolo descrito en la Norma Oficial Mexicana 004 con modificaciones.Resultados En las doce muestras analizadas, se encontró una concentración de huevos de Ascaris lumbricoides en un rango entre 4 a 22 huevos viables/2g ST.Salmonella estuvo presente en todas las muestras y las Enterobacterias estuvieron en una concentración mínima de 3000 UFC/g. La concentración de los metales pesados estuvo dentro de los valores recomendados por la norma. Los macro y micronutrientes cumplieron con los parámetros establecidos para los materiales orgánicos usados como abonos. No hubo asociación entre la precipitación y el contenido de patógenos en los biosólidos.Conclusión Los biosólidos generados en la planta San Fernando tienen un gran potencial para ser usados como abono orgánico, no obstante, deben ser sometidos a procesos de sanitización con el propósito de cumplir con los parámetros indicados en la Norma NTC 5167.
Orphan nuclear receptor oestrogen-related receptor γ (ERRγ) plays a key role in hepatic cannabinoid receptor type 1-mediated induction of <i>CYP7A1</i> gene expression (2015)

Bile acids are primarily synthesized from cholesterol in the liver and have important roles in dietary lipid absorption and cholesterol homoeostasis. Detailed roles of the orphan nuclear receptors regulating cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1), the rate-limiting enzyme in bile acid synthesis, have not yet been fully elucidated. In the present study, we report that oestrogen-related receptor γ (ERRγ) is a novel transcriptional regulator of CYP7A1 expression. Activation of cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1 receptor) signalling induced ERRγ-mediated transcription of the CYP7A1 gene. Overexpression of ERRγ increased CYP7A1 expression in vitro and in vivo, whereas knockdown of ERRγ attenuated CYP7A1 expression. Deletion analysis of the CYP7A1 gene promoter and a ChIP assay revealed an ERRγ-binding site on the CYP7A1 gene promoter. Small heterodimer partner (SHP) inhibited the transcriptional activity of ERRγ and thus regulated CYP7A1 expression. Overexpression of ERRγ led to increased bile acid levels, whereas an inverse agonist of ERRγ, GSK5182, reduced CYP7A1 expression and bile acid synthesis. Finally, GSK5182 significantly reduced hepatic CB1 receptor-mediated induction of CYP7A1 expression and bile acid synthesis in alcohol-treated mice. These results provide the molecular mechanism linking ERRγ and bile acid metabolism.
Effect of thermal processing on characteristics of nanopowders of hydroxyapatite (2011)

The work is aimed at the study of the effect of the thermal history on the size, morphology, and structural characteristics of powders of hydroxyapatite designed for the preparation of nanocrystalline ceramics for bone implants. Nanopowders corresponding to calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite were synthesized by precipitation from aqueous solutions. With an increase in temperature of the thermal processing of powders from 400 to 1000°C, their crystallization, change in the morphology from needlelike to cut hexagonal, increase in the size from 15 to 200 nm, and decrease in the degree of lattice deformations take place. The dependence of the size of crystals on inverse temperature is nonlinear, which proves the change in the apparent activation energy of the crystal growth.
Methodology for Determining Relationships Between Inoculum Concentration of<i>Botrytis cinerea</i>and<i>Penicillium expansum</i>and Stem End Decay of Pear Fruit (2008)

The objective of this research was to determine quantitative relationships between incidence of stem end decay of pear fruit and inoculum concentration of Botrytis cinerea and Penicillium expansum using dry conidia applied to pear fruit in a settling tower. Five concentrations of conidia were applied to pear fruit, fruit were stored at -1°C for 8 months, and stem end decay was evaluated. In addition, conidia were washed from the surface of inoculated fruit, and DNA was extracted and quantified with real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The linear regression relationships between percent stem end gray mold and B. cinerea conidia per liter of air or per square centimeter of fruit surface were significant (P = 0.01). At the highest inoculum dose introduced into the settling tower, conidia per liter of air, conidia per square centimeter, and percent stem end gray mold at 8 months after inoculation were 12, 31, and 39, respectively for 2000 and 6, 33, and 67, respectively for 2001. Similarly, the linear regression relationships between percent stem end blue mold and P. expansum conidia per liter of air or per square centimeter of fruit surface were significant (P = 0.01 and 0.05, respectively). At the highest inoculum dose introduced into the settling tower, conidia per square centimeter and percent stem end blue mold at 8 months after inoculation were 39 and 26, respectively for 2000 and 66 and 23, respectively for 2003. Real-time PCR provided a rapid, quantitative measure of B. cinerea and P. expansum DNA on pear fruit surfaces. Because of possible year-to-year shifts in susceptibility of fruit to decay, disease incidence:inoculum dose relationships may be of most value compared within years rather than across years. This would facilitate comparison of decay risk among orchards in order to determine which fruit is most suitable for long-term storage.
Design of optimal sequence controller for a flexible manufacturing system (1996)

The optimal controller synthesis problem for discrete event control of a flexible manufacturing system (FMS) is presented in this paper. To explicitly formulate concurrent activities, multiple resources sharing, precedence constraints and dynamic routing in FMS operation, we adopt timed (place) Petri nets for problem representation. The A* based heuristic search algorithm is proposed to search for an optimal event sequence to achieve minimum-time and deadlock-free discrete event control. Based on the obtained event-driven sequence, we use two levels of specification to design the optimal sequence controller. The coordination control level consists of synchronization and parallelism of different sub-systems and is specified by decision-free Petri nets (marked graphs). The local control level consists of running elementary sequences for subsystems and is specified by sequential function charts.
A broadband rectangular microstrip antenna with a pair of U‐shaped slots (2000)

By embedding a pair of U-shaped narrow slots close to the nonradiating edges of a rectangular microstrip patch, a single probe-fed microstrip antenna for broadband operation is proposed. Measurements show that the antenna bandwidth can be as large as about 2.6 times that of a corresponding conventional rectangular microstrip antenna. Details of the proposed designs are described, and experimental results are presented and discussed. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 27: 369–370, 2000.
Ultraviolet imaging spectroscopy of dust in the interstellar medium (1995)

This paper describes a system for performing high resolution spectroscopy with 2D spatial imaging. We motivate the discussion by describing the application of our system to the astronomical study of dust in the interstellar medium. Our methodology can be implemented on a wide variety of optical systems from a wide variety of platforms. Several such configurations are discussed.
Renal Calculi (1990)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Feb 1990Renal Calculi Mani MenonM.D. Mani MenonMani Menon More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)39981-0AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail © 1990 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByBerg C, Larsson L and Tiselius H (2018) The Effects of a Single Evening Dose of Alkaline Citrate on Urine Composition and Calcium Stone FormationJournal of Urology, VOL. 148, NO. 3 Part 2, (979-985), Online publication date: 1-Sep-1992. Volume 143Issue 2February 1990Page: 431-433 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1990 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Mani Menon More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
A study of the compressible flow through a diffusing S-duct (1993)

Benchmark aerodynamic data are presented for compressible flow through a representative S-duct configuration. A numerical prediction of the S-duct flow field, obtained from a subsonic parabolized Navier-Stokes algorithm, is also shown. The experimental and numerical results are compared. Measurements of the three-dimensional velocity field, total pressures, and static pressures were obtained at five cross-sectional planes. Aerodynamic data were gathered with calibrated pneumatic probes. Surface static pressure and surface flow visualization data were also acquired. All reported tests were conducted with an inlet centerline Mach number of 0.6. The Reynolds number, based on the inlet centerline velocity and duct inlet diameter, was 2.6 x 10(exp 6). Thin inlet turbulent boundary layers existed. The collected data should be beneficial to aircraft inlet designers and the measurements are suitable for the validation of computational codes. The results show that a region of streamwise flow separation occurred within the duct. Details about the separated flow region, including mechanisms which drive this complicated flow phenomenon, are discussed. Results also indicate that the duct curvature induces strong pressure driven secondary flows. The cross flows evolve into counter-rotating vortices. These vortices convect low momentum fluid of the boundary layer toward the center of the duct, degrading both the uniformity and magnitude of the total pressure profile.
ChemInform Abstract: UNTERSUCHUNGEN ZUR SYNTH. N‐HETEROCYCLISCHER VERBINDUNGEN 7. MITT. 5,8‐DISUBSTITUIERTE 2‐ARYL‐PYRIMIDO(4,5‐D)PYRIDAZINE (1972)

Abstract Die 2‐Aryl‐5,8‐dichlor‐pyrimido‐pyridazine (I) bilden mit verschiedenen Nucleophilen die 5,8‐disubstituierten Derivate (II).
Tetrahydrothiophenium-Based Ionic Liquids for High Efficiency Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (2008)

Binary melts of S-ethyltetrahydrothiophenium iodide and dicyanoamide (or tricyanomethide) have been employed for dye-sensitized solar cells with high power conversion efficiencies up to 6.9% under the illumination of AM 1.5G full sunlight. We have further shown that the transport of triiodide in ionic liquids with high iodide concentration is viscosity-dependent in terms of a physical diffusion coupled bond exchange mechanism apart from the simple physical diffusion. In addition, we have found that some anions of ionic liquid electrolytes such as dicyanoamide have a significant influence on surface states and electron transport in the mesoporous semiconducting film.
Auditory sensitivity, equal loudness, temporal resolving power, and vocalizations in the house finch (Carpodacus mexicanus). (1978)

Absolute thresholds for pure tones were measured in four house finches by use of avoidance conditioning and a modified method of limits. Response reaction time to each tone presentation served as a data base for generating a family of "equal loudness" contours. Temporal resolving power was measured in two additional birds and compared with similar measures in man. The results are discussed in relation to previous studies of vocalizations in the house finch, and the average power spectra of selected individual vocalizations are presented.
Vibrational shifts of OCS in mixed clusters of parahydrogen and helium (2006)

We present a detailed theoretical study of the solvation structure and solvent induced vibrational shifts for an OCS molecule embedded in pure parahydrogen clusters and in mixed parahydrogen/helium clusters. The use of two recent OCS-(parahydrogen) and OCS-helium ab initio potential energy surfaces having explicit dependence on the asymmetric stretch of the OCS molecule allows calculation of the frequency shift of the OCS nu(3) vibration as a function of the cluster size and composition. We present results for clusters containing up to a full first solvation shell of parahydrogen (N=17 molecules), and up to M=128-N helium atoms. Due to the greater interaction strength of parahydrogen than helium with OCS, in the mixed clusters the parahydrogen molecules always displace He atoms in the first solvation shell around OCS and form multiple axial rings as in the pure parahydrogen clusters. In the pure clusters, the chemical potential of parahydrogen shows several magic numbers (N=8,11,14) that reflect an enhanced stability of axial rings containing one less molecule than required for complete filling at N=17. Only the N=14 magic number survives in the mixed clusters, as a result of different filling orders of the rings and greater delocalization of both components. The OCS vibration shows a redshift in both pure and mixed clusters, with N-dependent values that are in good agreement with the available experimental data. The dependence of the frequency shift on the cluster size and its composition is analyzed in terms of the parahydrogen and helium density distributions around the OCS molecule as a function of N and M. The frequency shift is found to be strongly dependent on the detailed distribution of the parahydrogen molecules in the pure parahydrogen clusters, and to be larger but show a smoother dependence on N in the presence of additional helium, consistent with the more delocalized nature of the mixed clusters.
Collagen and uronic acid distribution in the human sclera (1991)

In the normal adult eye the content of uronic acid, hydroxyproline, hydroxylysine and proline from different parts of sclera was examined. Scleral samples from the posterior eyeball showed a higher content of uronic acid than the scleral samples from papilla, equator and limbus. Apart from a lower concentration of hydroxyproline in sclera from equator, no major differences in concentration of hydroxyproline, hydroxylysine or proline was found in sclera samples.
Chemical origin of the yellow luminescence in GaN (2002)

The influence of ion-beam-produced lattice defects as well as H, B, C, N, O, and Si, introduced by ion implantation, on the luminescence properties of wurtzite GaN is studied by cathodoluminescence spectroscopy. Results indicate that intrinsic lattice defects produced by ion bombardment mainly act as nonradiative recombination centers and do not give rise to the yellow luminescence (YL) of GaN. Experimental data unequivocally shows that C is involved in the defect-impurity complex responsible for YL. In addition, C-related complexes appear to act as efficient nonradiative recombination centers. Implantation of H produces a broad luminescent peak which is slightly blueshifted with respect to the C-related YL band in the case of high excitation densities. The position of this H-related YL peak exhibits a blueshift with increasing excitation density. Based on this experimental data and results reported previously, the chemical origin of the YL band is discussed.
Return to Work After Acute Myocardial Infarction (2016)

Among a young population, women are less likely to return to work after AMI than men. This disadvantage is explained by differences in demographic, occupational, and health characteristics.
sarA as a Target for the Treatment and Prevention of Staphylococcal Biofilm-Associated Infection (2015)

Genetic studies in the PI's laboratory demonstrated that mutation of the staphylococcal accessory regulator (sarA) limits biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus to a degree that can be correlated with increased antibiotic susceptibility and an improved therapeutic outcome in biofilm-associated infections. The goal of this project was to take therapeutic advantage of this observation by identifying small molecule inhibitors of sarA expression and/or function. To this end, we proposed two sets of experiments, the first being to carry out a large scale screen to identify inhibitors that offer the most promise. This was done using genetic reporter constructs proven to accurately reflect the functional status of sarA. The second was to then evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of the most promising inhibitors using established animal models of biofilm-associated infection. In our screen of >30,000 compounds, we identified 31 of potential interest, but secondary screens, including those assessing biofilm formation and the production of SarA itself, led us to focus on a single compound (ST028355). However, this compound was ultimately found to be unstable, thus greatly delaying and ultimately preventing our ability to carry out the intended in vivo studies. To overcome this, we began a collaboration with Dr. Peter Crooks, a medicinal chemist and Chairman of the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences. This led to the synthesis of over 200 analogs of this compound. The hope was to screen these analogs, as well as an additional library of compounds that is already available in the Crook's laboratory and consists of compounds with favorable pharmacological properties, to both optimize ST028355 and identify additional compounds of interest, thereby putting us in a position to employ structure activity relationship (SAR) studies to proceed to in vivo studies an ultimately to fully exploit the proposed therapeutic approach of targeting sarA. While we were unable to pursue the in vivo studies proposed in the original application, we did make tremendous progress towards our experimental objectives, and this progress forms the basis for a recently submitted application for a PRORP Expansion Award program.