gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mass spectrometric analysis of HOCl- and free-radical-induced damage to lipids and proteins (2008)

In inflammatory diseases, release of oxidants leads to oxidative damage to biomolecules. HOCl (hypochlorous acid), released by the myeloperoxidase/H2O2/Cl- system, can cause formation of phospholipid chlorohydrins, or alpha-chloro-fatty aldehydes from plasmalogens. It can attack several amino acid residues in proteins, causing post-translational oxidative modifications of proteins, but the formation of 3-chlorotyrosine is one of the most stable markers of HOCl-induced damage. Soft-ionization MS has proved invaluable for detecting the occurrence of oxidative modifications to both phospholipids and proteins, and characterizing the products generated by HOCl-induced attack. For both phospholipids and proteins, the application of advanced mass spectrometric methods such as product or precursor ion scanning and neutral loss analysis can yield information both about the specific nature of the oxidative modification and the biomolecule modified. The ideal is to be able to apply these methods to complex biological or clinical samples, to determine the site-specific modifications of particular cellular components. This is important for understanding disease mechanisms and offers potential for development of novel biomarkers of inflammatory diseases. In the present paper, we review some of the progress that has been made towards this goal.
Fabrication of thick homogeneous beta sources. (1959)

A method of mixing known amounts of the required radioisotope in a water solution with known weights of a water hardening material, commercially called wood putty, is described. This material was found to give solid, reproducible, homogeneous beta -standards. (C.J. G.)
Perfluorocyclopentadienyl anion, C5F5- (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPerfluorocyclopentadienyl anion, C5F5-Gerhard Paprott and Konrad SeppeltCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 14, 4060–4061Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1984https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00326a045Request reuse permissionsArticle Views397Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (299 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Photoevaporation of Clumps in Photodissociation Regions (2002)

We present the results of an investigation of the effects of Far Ultraviolet (FUV) radiation (6.0eV < hv < 13.6eV) from hot early type OB stars on clumps in star-forming molecular clouds. Clumps in FUV-illuminated regions (or photodissociation regions or PDRs) undergo external heating and photodissociation as they are exposed to the FUV field, resulting in a loss of cold, molecular lump mass as it is converted to warm atomic gas. The heating, if rapid, creates strong photoevaporative mass flows off the clump surfaces, and drives shocks into the clumps, compressing them to high densities. The clumps lose mass on relatively short timescales. The evolution of an individual clump is found to be sensitive to three dimensionless parameters: Nc0, the ratio of the initial column density of the clump to the column N(0) approx. 10(exp 21) cm(exp -2) of a warm FUV-heated surface region; upsilon, the ratio of the sound speed in the heated surface to that in the cold clump material: and t(FUV)t(c), the ratio of the "turn-on time" t(FUV) of the heating flux on a clump to its initial sound crossing-time t(c). The evolution also depends on whether a confining interclump medium exists, or whether the interclump region has negligible pressure, as is the case for turbulence-generated clumps. In this paper, we use spherical 1-D numerical hydrodynamic models as well as approximate analytical models to study the dependence of clump photoevaporation on the physical parameters of the clump, and to derive the dynamical evolution, mass loss rates and photoevaporative timescales of a clump for a variety of astrophysical situations. Turbulent clumps evolve so that their column densities are equal to a critical value determined by the local FUV field, and typically have short photo evaporation timescales, approx. 10(exp 4-5) years for a 1 M(solar mass) clump in a typical star-forming region (Nc0 = 10, upsilon = 10). Clumps with insufficient magnetic pressure support, and in strong FUV fields may be driven to collapse by the compressional effect of converging shock waves. We also estimate the rocket effect on photoevaporating clumps and find that it is significant only for the smallest clumps, with sizes much less than the extent of the PDR itself. Clumps that are confined by all interclump medium may either get completely photoevaporated, or may preserve a shielded core with a warm, dissociated, protective shell that, absorbs the incident FUV flux. We compare our results with observations of some well studied PDRs: the Orion Bar, M17SW NGC 2023 and the Rosette Nebula. The data are consistent with both interpretations of clump origin. turbulence and pressure confinement, with a slight indication for favouring the turbulent model for clumps over pressure-confined
Inhibition of phospholipase D and superoxide generation by glucose in diabetic neutrophils (1996)

Diabetics are prone to infection, in part, due to neutrophil dysfunction and impaired superoxide generation. The mechanism of impaired superoxide generation in diabetes remains unknown. We report herein that neutrophils from poorly controlled diabetics have impaired ability to generate superoxide in response to N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP) but not to 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). Phosphatidic acid, a phospholipase D (PLD) -mediated product of membrane phosphatidylcholine is decreased in response to FMLP. The impaired superoxide generation and activation of phospholipase D are readily reversible once the diabetic neutrophils are incubated in normal glucose concentration. These data show that decreased superoxide generation by neutrophils in insulin-dependent diabetics is, in part, due to impaired activation of phospholipase D and is solely due to high glucose concentrations.
Strategische und praktische Implikationen einer Verringerung der Fertigungstiefe (2008)

AuszugIm Rahmen der Diskussion zur Steigerung der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit in globalen Märkten werden in Theorie und Praxis u. a. die Beschränkung auf Kernkompetenzen und ein verstärktes Outsourcing zur Reduzierung der Fertigungstiefe favorisiert.
PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF SALINITY STRESS TOLERANCE IN PLANTS (2004)

- ions and to some extent Cl - and SO 4 2 - of Mg 2+ and nutrient imbalance caused by excess of Na + and Cl - ions. Salinity stress response is multigenic, as a number of processes i n- volved in the tolerance mechanism are affected, such as var ious compatible solutes/osmolytes, polyamines, reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defence mecha- nism, ion transport and compartmentalization of inj u- rious ions. Various genes/cDNAs encoding proteins involved in the above-mentioned processes have been identified and isolated. The role of genes/cDNAs e n- coding proteins involved in regulating other genes/ pro- teins, signal transduction process involving hormones like ABA, JA and polyamines, and strategies to i mprove salinity stress tolerance have also been di scussed. EXCESS amount of salt in the soil adversely affects plant growth and development. Nearly 20% of the world's cul- tivated area and nearly half of the world's i rrigated lands are affected by salinity 1
Metabolomics Elucidates Dose-Dependent Molecular Beneficial Effects of Hesperidin Supplementation in Rats Fed an Obesogenic Diet (2020)

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a global epidemic concern. Polyphenols are proposed as good candidates for its prevention, although their mechanisms are not fully understood. The gut microbiota seems to play a key role in polyphenol beneficial effects. Here, we assessed the effects of the citrus polyphenol hesperidin combining an untargeted metabolomics approach, which has an inherent potential to elucidate the host-microbiome interplay, with extensive anthropometric and biochemical characterizations and integrating metabolomics results with our previous 16S rRNA bacterial sequencing data. The rats were fed either a standard or an obesogenic cafeteria diet (CAF) for 17 weeks. After nine weeks, rats were supplemented with vehicle; low- (H1), or high- (H2) hesperidin doses. CAF animals developed MetS features. Hesperidin supplementation in CAF rats decreased the total cholesterol, LDL-C, and free fatty acids. The highest hesperidin dose also ameliorated blood pressure, insulin sensitivity, and decreased markers of arterial stiffness and inflammation. Metabolomics revealed an improvement of the lipidomic profile, decreases in circulating amino acids, and lower excretions of inflammation- and oxidative stress-related metabolites. <i>Bacteroidaceae</i> increases in the CAF-H2 group paralleled higher excretions of microbial-derived metabolites. Overall, our results provide detailed insights into the molecular effects of hesperidin on MetS and suggest that it is a promising prebiotic for the treatment of MetS and related conditions.
Survey of materials for hard‐tissue prosthesis (1971)

Abstract The properties of the three main classes of orthopedic alloys (316L steel, Co‐Cr alloys and titanium) are discussed, while all show good general corrosion resistance, the 316L steel have a tendency toward crevice corrosion. Fatigue fracture due to poor design and fabrication defects is discussed. A summary of some problems associated with the evaluation of tissue response is presented. Finally, a review of several new trends toward achieving tissue adhesion is presented.
Emerging Trends in Midwest Bobwhite Culture (2017)

In the Southeastern United States, Breeding Bird Surveys that bobwhite populations have been declining at 3.8%/year over the last 3 decades. Declines have been attributed the cumulative effects of large-scale deterioration of quail habitat quality associated with advanced succession, intensive monoculture farming, and intensive timber management. Additional factors such as changing role of predation, expansion of red imported fire ants, and metapopulation processes may exacerbate declines. Declining bobwhite hunter participation, changing public values, and realignment of conservation emphases have diminished the emphasis on bobwhite management nationally. However, within the Southeast 3 states, Virginia, Georgia, and North Carolina, have developed targeted private lands initiatives to enhance local and regional bobwhite habitats and populations. Additional opportunities exist for enhancing regional populations through broad avian conservation initiatives such as the North American Bird Conservation Initiative and Partners in Flight. Potential benefits from these regional efforts will be accrued only if greater value and emphases are placed on conservation of early successional habitats. As anthropogenic activities and natural successional processes influence regional usable space for bobwhite in the Southeast, established paradigms regarding relationships among predation, harvest, habitat management, and population dynamics may no longer be germane. Restoration of local and regional bobwhite populations will require a much greater understanding of bobwhite population processes at a mechanistic level across local and regional spatial scales.
Staphylococcal L-asparaginase: catabolic repression of synthesis. (1992)

The regulation mechanism of production of staphylococcal L-asparaginase was investigated. The role of cAMP in regulation of its synthesis was confirmed. Production of L-asparaginase from S. aureus NCTC 4135 was inhibited by all carbon sources, mono- and disaccharides added to the growth medium. The strongest inhibition was caused by saccharose and maltose, whereas weaker by galactose, lactose, mannitol and mannose. It was found that exogenous cAMP in the presence of carbon sources stimulated synthesis of the investigated enzyme.
Compact polarization beam splitter for silicon photonic integrated circuits with a 340-nm-thick silicon core layer (2017)

A polarization beam splitter (PBS) is proposed and realized for silicon photonic integrated circuits with a 340-nm-thick silicon core layer by introducing an asymmetric directional coupler (ADC), which consists of a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) nanowire and a subwavelength grating (SWG) waveguide. The SWG is introduced to provide an optical waveguide which has much higher birefringence than a regular 340-nm-thick SOI nanowire, so that it is possible to make the phase-matching condition satisfied for TE polarization only in the present design when the waveguide dimensions are optimized. Meanwhile, there is a significant phase mismatching for TM polarization automatically. In this way, the present ADC enables strong polarization selectivity to realize a PBS that separates TE and TM polarizations to the cross and through ports, respectively. The realized PBS has a length of ∼2 μm for the coupling region. For the fabricated PBS, the extinction ratio (ER) is 15-30 dB and the excess loss is 0.2-2.6 dB for TE polarization while the ER is 20-27 dB and the excess loss is 0.3-2.8 dB for TM polarization when operating in the wavelength range of 1520-1580 nm.
Some School Books (1952)

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An immunological outcome predictive score for head and neck carcinoma patients. (1995)

To address the increasing demand for individualization of tumor therapy, a panel of immunological parameters was evaluated as potential early prognosticators for the outcome of treatment.Thirty-one patients with advanced squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck were treated either with a 2-course radiation treatment (60 to 70 Gy total dose) in combination with and subsequent to the administration of mitomycin C and 5-fluorouracil (radiochemotherapy) or with radiotherapy (2 patients) only. In 8 patients radio(chemo)therapy was preceded by surgical removal of the tumor. Before, during and after therapy, patients were immunophenotyped (in absolute numbers) and the respiratory burst function of granulocytes (polymorphonuclear [PMN] cells) was evaluated flow cytometrically.Before treatment a reduction of T and B lymphocytes to 64% to 81% of the means of 101 controls (healthy volunteers and hematologic normal patients) was observed, absolute PMN counts were increased by 31%, whereas monocytes and natural killer cells were not influenced. The helper (TH)/suppressor-cytotoxic (Ts/c) T cell ratio was significantly elevated. The respiratory burst reaction of the majority (74%) of patients was normal. During therapy all lymphocyte populations declined further as did the PMN counts. Natural killer cells were not significantly influenced while absolute monocytes increased significantly beyond normal levels after initial depletions during each course of treatment. The helper/suppressor ratio was reduced to normal levels. Overall, treatment resulted in systemic effects at the level of leukocyte subpopulations and appeared to cause a shift of immunocompetence to a predominantly monocytic system. The deficiency in the humoral immune system could be correlated with the short survival time of most patients. Based on early effects of the treatment (after 10 Gy), an immunological outcome predictive score could be defined. A simple mathematical combination of the changes of B and Ts/c cells (after 10 Gy vs. 0 Gy) together with the respiratory burst reaction of PMN prior to treatment allowed retrospectively to classify correctly 90% (17/19) of patients as survivors (> 120 weeks) or early deaths (< 96 weeks; p < 0.01).Single individual immunological data were not able to function as prognosticators for longer survival after therapy, but a combination of 3 parameters measured early during radio(chemo)therapy seems to allow the identification of "sensitive" patients. In how far the tumor disease per se and/or the immunological "sensitivity" are causes of death in these patients requires further clarification.
Fully-Anonymous Short Dynamic Group Signatures Without Encryption. (2016)

Group signatures are a central tool in privacy-enhancing crypto, which allow members of a group to anonymously sign on behalf of the group. Ideally, group signatures are dynamic and thus allow to dynamically enroll new members to a group. For such schemes Bellare et al. (CT-RSA’05) proposed a strong security model (BSZ model) that preserves anonymity of a group signature even if an adversary can see arbitrary key exposures or arbitrary openings of other group signatures. All previous constructions achieving this strong anonymity notion follow the so called sign-encrypt-prove (SEP) paradigm. In contrast, all known constructions which avoid this paradigm and follow the alternative “without encryption” paradigm introduced by Bichsel et al. (SCN’10), only provide a weaker notion of anonymity (which can be problematic in practice). Until now, it was not clear if constructions following this paradigm, while providing strong anonymity in the sense of BSZ, even exist. In this paper we positively answer this question by providing a novel approach to dynamic group signature schemes following this paradigm, which is a composition of structure preserving signatures on equivalence classes (Asiacrypt’14) and other standard primitives. Our results are interesting for various reasons: We can prove our construction following this “without encryption” paradigm secure without requiring random oracles. Moreover, when opting for an instantiation in the ROM, the so obtained scheme is extremely efficient and outperforms existing fully anonymous constructions following the SEP paradigm regarding computational efficiency. Regarding constructions providing a weaker anonymity notion than BSZ, we surprisingly even outperform the popular short BBS group signature scheme (Crypto’04) and thereby obtain shorter signatures.
The role of neomembranes in formation of hematoma around Silastic dura substitute (1983)

✓ The authors report the formation of a hematoma within the neomembranes encasing a Silastic dura substitute, simulating recurrence of a convexity meningioma.
Perceptual Color Correction Through Variational Techniques (2007)

In this paper, we present a discussion about perceptual-based color correction of digital images in the framework of variational techniques. We propose a novel image functional whose minimization produces a perceptually inspired color enhanced version of the original. The variational formulation permits a more flexible local control of contrast adjustment and attachment to data. We show that a numerical implementation of the gradient descent technique applied to this energy functional coincides with the equation of automatic color enhancement (ACE), a particular perceptual-based model of color enhancement. Moreover, we prove that a numerical approximation of the Euler-Lagrange equation reduces the computational complexity of ACE from theta(N2) to theta(N log N), where N is the total number of pixels in the image.
On the minimum phase property of prediction-error polynomials (1997)

We provide a simple proof of the minimum phase property of the optimum linear prediction polynomial. The proof follows directly from the fact that the minimized prediction error has to satisfy the orthogonality principle. Additional insights provided by this proof are also discussed.
Truncation of Tau Protein and its Pathological Significance in Alzheimer's Disease (2008)

Abnormal posttranslational modifications of tau protein lead it to aggregate into paired helical filaments in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The mechanisms involved in the early pathological processing of tau and the induction of a polymeric state seem to progress through a sequential pattern of changes mainly involving abnormal phosphorylation, conformational changes and truncation. While proteolytic cleavage of tau protein during the progression of AD has not been comprehensively analyzed, tau is a substrate for several intracellular proteases. Furthermore, abnormal regulation of proteolytic events, including those associated with apoptosis, may generate truncated tau subproducts which in turn may be toxic to neurons per se and capable of polymerization at a faster rate. Accumulation of tau fibrils has long been controversial, with much debate concerning the true toxicity of polymerized tau. The development of different transgenic mice overexpressing tau protein, the generation of cell models expressing tau, and the in vitro polymerization paradigms have significantly enhanced our understanding of the biophysics and pathological properties of tau polymers in AD, as well as in other tau pathologies. This review will discuss the pathological role of truncated tau protein in the context of toxicity and neurofibrillary tangle formation and maturation and its significance in clinical dementia.
MulVAL: a logic-based network security analyzer (2005)

To determine the security impact software vulnerabilities have on a particular network, one must consider interactions among multiple network elements. For a vulnerability analysis tool to be useful in practice, two features are crucial. First, the model used in the analysis must be able to automatically integrate formal vulnerability specifications from the bug-reporting community. Second, the analysis must be able to scale to networks with thousands of machines. We show how to achieve these two goals by presenting MulVAL, an end-to-end framework and reasoning system that conducts multihost, multistage vulnerability analysis on a network. MulVAL adopts Datalog as the modeling language for the elements in the analysis (bug specification, configuration description, reasoning rules, operating-system permission and privilege model, etc.). We easily leverage existing vulnerability-database and scanning tools by expressing their output in Datalog and feeding it to our MulVAL reasoning engine. Once the information is collected, the analysis can be performed in seconds for networks with thousands of machines. We implemented our framework on the Red Hat Linux platform. Our framework can reason about 84 % of the Red Hat bugs reported in OVAL, a formal vulnerability definition language. We tested our tool on a real network with hundreds of users. The tool detected a policy violation caused by software vulnerabilities and the system administrators took remediation measures. 1