gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Elimination of sevoflurane is reduced in plasma-tight compared to conventional membrane oxygenators (2007)

With the incorporation of a poly-(4-methyl-1-pentene) oxygenator in a miniaturized bypass circuit, relevant concentrations of a previously applied volatile agent can be maintained even without further supply throughout cardiopulmonary bypass. This might be an alternative approach to cardioprotection when sevoflurane cannot be administered through cardiopulmonary bypass.
Intraoperative optical imaging of human face cortical topography: a case study (2004)

We used intrinsic signal optical imaging to obtain maps of human somatosensory cortex during electrocutaneous stimulation of the face during a neurosurgical procedure for epilepsy. We found that human face somatotopy is organized like the macaque or cebus monkey, with peri-orbital skin located medial to peri-buccal skin, and that cortical magnification in the human is comparable to that in non-human primates. This study demonstrates that intrinsic signal imaging can be performed on humans during operative procedures with sufficient spatial resolution to reveal high-resolution topographic maps.
Control implications of musculoskeletal mechanics (2002)

Motor control involves the interaction of three very different subsystems: the sensors and actuators of the musculoskeletal system, the programmable regulator of the spinal cord, and the adaptive controller of the brain. All have complex and highly evolved properties that facilitate their cooperation for the successful completion of a wide range of motor tasks by a particular organism. In order to understand the behavior of the complete system, it is necessary to have accurate models of the properties of each and of the nature of their interactions. Acquiring experimental data is tedious, unfortunately, and knowing whether it is sufficient in its scope and accuracy requires experience with the emergent behavior of the complete system and its sensitivity to particular parameters of the subsystems. The problem has been complicated by the methodological chasms between biomechanicians, neurophysiologists, and kinesiologists. This paper describes an approach to bridging these subsystems and disciplines.
A refraction correction technique which includes nonsymmetric index of refraction (1963)

The problem of predicting refraction errors in a nonsymmetric, inhomogeneous atmospheric refractive index distribution is examined, utilizing the basic (vector) differential equation of a ray path. The simplifications made in the basic equation are based on known atmospheric refraction characteristics in conjunction with the limitations inherent in obtaining distributions over a wide region which are valid for a given time. The assumptions made are 1) <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n \doteq 1</tex> , 2) total bending is small, and 3) the gradient of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</tex> along the ray path is approximately the same as the gradient of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</tex> along the straight line in the launch direction. A fourth assumption, not mathematically necessary but useful in analyzing actual situations, is that the gradient of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</tex> may be described by regions of constant gradient. The first three assumptions allow the general three-dimensional ray path to be computed in terms of its two plane-ray projections; the fourth assumption yields a mathematically simple solution for each path.
Data Quality Models for High Volume Transaction Streams: A Case Study (2004)

An important problem in data mining is detecting significant and actionable changes in large, complex data sets. Although there are a variety of change detection algorithms that have been developed, in practice it can be a problem to scale these algorithms to large data sets due to the heterogeneity of the data. In this paper, we describe a case study involving payment card data in which we built and monitored a separate change detection model for each cell in a multi-dimensional data cube. We describe a system that has been in operation for the past two years that builds and monitors over 15,000 separate baseline models and the process that is used for generating and investigating alerts using these baselines
Immunochemical study of the structure of poly(adenylic acid) (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTImmunochemical study of the structure of poly(adenylic acid)Zvi E. Kahana and Bernard F. ErlangerCite this: Biochemistry 1980, 19, 2, 320–324Publication Date (Print):January 22, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 22 January 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00543a011https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00543a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views27Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Metal-induced Urbach tail at the gold∕pentacene interface of top-contact organic field effect transistors (2007)

We investigated the photocurrent-voltage characteristics of pentacene field effect transistors in order to study the gap state distribution and carrier generation mechanism. In top-contact devices, the photocurrent spectrum versus photon energy exhibited the typical Urbach tail, while such a tail was not observed in bottom-contact devices. The formation of this Urbach tail can be explained by assuming that diffused gold nanoparticles at the gold∕pentacene interface cause microfields and stabilize the excitons. This mechanism also provides an explanation for the reduced barrier height and Ohmic contact formation at “dirty” interfaces fabricated by metal deposition.
The Direct Conversion of Chloropurines to Fluoropurines<sup>1</sup> (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Direct Conversion of Chloropurines to Fluoropurines1Alden G. Beaman and Roland K. RobinsCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1963, 28, 9, 2310–2313Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01044a037https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01044a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views253Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Micro-Computed Tomography—Current Status and Developments (2004)

The recent rapid increase in interest in tomographic imaging of small animals and of human (and large animal) organ biopsies is driven largely by drug discovery, cancer detection/monitoring, phenotype identification and/or characterization, and development of disease detection methods and monitoring efficacies of drugs in disease treatment. In biomedical applications, micro-computed tomography (CT) scanners can function as scaled-down (i.e., mini) clinical CT scanners that provide a three-dimensional (3-D) image of most, if not the entire, torso of a mouse at image resolution (50-100 microm) scaled proportional to that of a human CT image. Micro-CT scanners, on the other hand, image specimens the size of intact rodent organs at spatial resolutions from cellular (20 microm) down to subcellular dimensions (e.g., 1 microm) and fill the resolution-hiatus between microscope imaging, which resolves individual cells in thin sections of tissue, and mini-CT imaging of intact volumes.
Estimating the Scope and Magnitude of Volunteerism Worldwide : A review of multinational data on volunteering (2011)

Estimating the Scope and Magnitude of Volunteerism Worldwide : A review of multinational data on volunteering
Prothrombin activation by a metalloprotease from Staphylococcus aureus (1980)

Formation of thrombin during incubation of purified bovine prothrombin with purified staphylococcal metalloprotease has been investigated. Thrombin activity was estimated by examination of clotting time and by digestion of a synthetic substrate, Chromozym TH. The metalloprotease caused direct activation of prothrombin which was inhibited by the addition of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. Metalloprotease produced by some strains of Staphylococcus aureus may simulate staphylocoagulase activity.
Analysis of Serum of Patients With Alzheimer’s Disease for the Level of Advanced Glycation End Products (2006)

Data on the serum level of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients are scarce, although a specific biochemical marker easy to detect in body fluids is desired for an early diagnosis of disease and to monitor the effects of therapeutic treatment. In the current study, the content of AGEs was examined with an immunochemical assay in the sera of AD patients, in the frame of a search for a biochemical marker of disease. Subjects with AD and vascular dementia (VaD) were included in the study (n = 30; age range, 68-70 years). The results were compared to the healthy control groups. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) inhibition test for the determination of AGEs is based on a rabbit anti-AGE, affinity-purified antibody and a model AGE-myoglobin antigen, in which a serum sample treated with proteinase K is used as an inhibitor. For the measurement of immune complexes and anti-AGE antibodies, the corresponding ELISA tests have been applied. The AGE level in the VaD group (49.5 U(AGE)) was higher than in AD patients (46.1 U(AGE)). The level of total AGEs in the sera of AD patients was significantly lower than in the control group (50/51.6 U(AGE)). These relations were not observed with regard to the immune complexes and anti-AGE antibody levels in AD (70.2 U(IC)/0.027 U(IgG)) and VaD (83 U(IC)/0.034 U(IgG)) patients because the levels of these parameters were similar to the controls (76.2 U(IC)/0.042 U(IgG)). The work revealed the lower level of circulating serum AGEs in patients with AD in relation to healthy controls.
Total synthesis and biological activity of dolastatin 16 (2017)

The total synthesis of dolastatin 16, a macrocyclic depsipeptide first isolated from the sea hare Dolabella auricularia as a potential antineoplastic metabolite by Pettit et al., was achieved in a convergent manner. Dolastatin 16 was reported by Tan to exhibit strong antifouling activity, and thus shows promise for inhibiting the attachment of marine benthic organisms such as Amphibalanus amphitrite to ships and submerged artificial structures. Therefore, dolastatin 16 is a potential compound for a new, environmentally friendly antifouling material to replace banned tributyltin-based antifouling paints. The synthesis of dolastatin 16 involved the use of prolinol to prevent formation of a diketopiperazine composed of l-proline and N-methyl-d-valine during peptide coupling. This strategy for the elongation of peptide chains allowed the efficient and scalable synthesis of one segment, which was subsequently coupled with a second segment and cyclized to form the macrocyclic framework of dolastatin 16. The synthetic dolastatin 16 exhibited potent antifouling activity similar to that of natural dolastatin 16 toward cypris larvae of Amphibalanus amphitrite.
Comparing the Effects of Bupropion and Escitalopram on Excessive Internet Game Play in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder (2017)

Bupropion showed greater effects than escitalopram on reducing impulsivity and attentional symptoms. Decreased brain connectivity between the salience network and the DMN appears to be associated with improved excessive IGD symptoms and impulsivity in MDD patients with IGD.
Paranasal sinusitis (1985)

Sinusitis secondary to nasotracheal intubation has not been reported to occur in neurosurgical patients. Over a 1-year period, 11 patients admitted to the Intensive Care/Trauma Unit at St. Paul Ramsey Medical Center developed this entity. The mean age of these patients was 36 ± 4 years; 7 were trauma victims, 3 had each had a subarachnoid hemorrhage, and 1 had suffered hypertensive hemorrhage. The patients presented with fever of unknown origin (FUO) and evidence of persistent hypermetabolism without an obvious cause. In 8 cases, the diagnosis was not suspected until mucopurulent nasal discharge was noted. Three additional cases were evaluated for suspected sinusitis before the occurrence of discharge. The mean duration of intubation before the diagnosis of sinusitis was 7.8 ± 1.5 days. The diagnosis was confirmed by sinus films with a Waters view in 7 cases or by computed tomographic scanning in 4 cases and by bacteriological cultures. Two cases involved only the maxillary sinus on the side of intubation; the rest were polysinusites. The organisms involved included gram-positive and gram-negative species; all were polymicrobial with a single organism predominant. Secondary pulmonary involvement was common, and 4 patients revealed a bacteremia consistent with the major sinus organism. One patient developed septic shock. Treatment involved either orotracheal intubation or tracheostomy. This was curative in all cases. It is concluded that neurosurgical patients nasally intubated are at risk for sinusitis, which can have untoward effects such as septicemia or pulmonary infection. A high degree of suspicion will permit early diagnosis and treatment. (Neurosurgery 17:296-299, 1985)
Cloud-Guided QoS and Energy Management for Mobile Interactive Web Applications (2017)

In mobile interactive web applications, energy-efficient quality-of-service (QoS) scheduling involves setting a deadline for the best user experience and providing just enough performance to minimize energy. Such performance-slacking approaches require precise performance adjustment using execution time prediction. However, prior prediction approaches suffer from prohibitive training due to extensive input data and manual source code instrumentation. In this paper, we propose a cloud-guided QoS and energy management approach that eliminates the prediction overhead by offloading it to cloud resources. Our approach pre-computes per-input execution time models by profiling web applications on dedicated mobile devices in the cloud. When mobile web applications request data to servers, both the data and its execution time models are delivered to users' mobile devices. Based on the delivered models, a performance control agent on the mobile device selects an operating point to meet the response time requirement. Experimental results show that, by offloading modeling and prediction overheads, our performance-slacking approach can provide average energy savings of 22% and 39% (and up to 89%) for two different timing budgets compared to an industry-quality approach.
Bacterial Death Comes Full Circle: Targeting Plasmid Replication in Drug‐Resistant Bacteria (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
EMBRIOSS: ELECTROMAGNETIC BRAIN IMAGING BY OPTIMIZATION IN SPECTRAL SPACE (2007)

We propose a new method called electromagnetic brain imaging by optimization in spectral space (EMBRIOSS) for electromagnetic source imaging of the human brain. The method incorporates the physiological knowledge that electrical activities in the brain are spatially coherent and often sparse. For spatial coherency, we confine the solution to a subspace spanned by the low-frequency eigenvectors of a Laplacian of the cortical surface mesh. For sparseness, we apply a p-norm regularization with p < 2. The resulting nonlinear regularization problem is solved efficiently using half-quadratic programming. Through realistic simulations, we have compared our method with existing approaches. The results show that our method performs better
Clinical Utility and Implementation of Gene-Expression Profiling in Myeloma: Current Status and Challenges (2012)

SUMMARY Multiple myeloma, a neoplasm of terminally differentiated plasma cell, is the second most frequent hematological malignancy after non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Gene-expression profiling is a powerful and sensitive tool that can detect global transcriptional changes in cells. This technology has been applied in myeloma studies in the last decade in diverse areas such as understanding molecular pathogenesis, role of microenvironment, molecular heterogeneity, prognosis prediction and identification of novel therapeutic targets. In this review, we will briefly retrace the achievements and consider the future perspectives of gene-expression profiling in multiple myeloma research.
B lymphocyte differentiation in the rat: production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to B lineage‐associated antigens (1987)

Three mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAb) directed against rat B lineage antigens were produced. The mAb, designated HIS14 (IgG1), HIS22 (IgM) and HIS24 (IgG2b), were characterized for binding to lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues by immunoperoxidase staining of frozen sections and by (double-) immunofluorescence staining of single cell suspensions from lymphoid organs. HIS14 recognized a pan B cell determinant: it reacted with virtually all cells of each anatomic B cell compartment and with about 95% of surface (s)Ig+ cells in thoracic duct lymph and in suspensions of spleen and lymph nodes. HIS22 and HIS24 detected B lineage-associated antigens expressed by major subpopulations of B cells. HIS22 predominantly stained the lymphocyte corona, but not (or weakly) the germinal centers and splenic marginal zones, whereas HIS24 reacted with both corona and germinal center and not (or weakly) with marginal zone. In accordance with this, substantial proportions of sIg+ cells in spleen cell suspensions did not express HIS22 or HIS24 determinants (20% and 27%, respectively). In bone marrow the vast majority of cytomplasmic mu+ pre-B cells were HIS14+ and HIS24+, and up to one third also HIS22+, indicating an appearance of the determinants early in B lymphocytopoiesis. The antigens recognized by HIS14, HIS22 and HIS24 are lost during the final stage of B cell differentiation: none of the mAb bound to plasma cells. As far as detectable, neither cells of myeloid and erythroid lineages in bone marrow nor thymocytes were stained by HIS14, HIS22, or HIS24. In suspensions of peripheral lymphoid organs (spleen and lymph nodes) but not in thoracic duct lymph, HIS14 and HIS24 labeled a small proportion (12% and 14%, respectively) of Ig- cells. HIS22 did not bind to Ig- peripheral lymphocytes. Reactivity of HIS14, HIS22 and HIS24 with nonlymphoid tissues was virtually absent; HIS22 stained the high endothelial venules in lymph nodes and Peyer's patches. As determined by immunoblotting, the antigenic determinants on lymph node cells recognized by HIS14, HIS22 and HIS24 were present on molecules with an apparent molecular mass of 205 kDa, 210 (and 175) kDa and 205 kDa, respectively, which is similar to the molecular mass of the B cell form of the rat leukocyte common antigen. In addition, the antigens recognized by HIS14, HIS22 and HIS24 co-capped with the leukocyte common antigen. This suggests that each of the three mAb recognize determinants present on the B cell form of the leukocyte common antigen.
The "phosphoryl-enzyme" from phosphoglycerate kinase. Appendix: Crystalline 3-phospho-D-glycerate kinase from horse muscle (1976)

Phosphoglycerate kinase has been isolated in crystalline form from horse muscle. A convenient isolation procedure is described that yields homogeneous enzyme of specific activity 700 units/mg (30 degrees C). The enzyme is monomeric, and has a molecular weight 47 000. Of the eight cysteine residues in the protein, two react rapidly with Nbs21 with the concomitant loss of the catalytic activity. Since the isolation of phosphoglycerate kinase from yeast (Bücher, 1955) there have been several reports of purification methods yielding enzyme approaching molecular homogeneity, from rabbit muscle (Beisenherz et al., 1953; Czok and Bücher, 1960; Rao and Oesper, 1961; Avramov and Repin, 1965; and Scopes, 1969) and from chicken muscle (Gosselin-Rey, 1965). Crystalline material has been isolated from human erythrocytes (Hashimoto and Yoshikawa, 1962), and from yeast and rabbit muscle (Krietsch and Bücher, 1970). Cystallographic work on phosphoglycerate kinase from horse muscle by Blake et al. (1972) and Blake and Evans (1974) has prompted mechanistic interest in the enzyme, and we report here a simplified isolation procedure and some properties of the crystalline material from this source.
Insulin-Like Growth Factor Axis (Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I/Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Protein-3) as a Prognostic Predictor of Heart Failure: Association with Adiponectin (2010)

Insulin-like growth factor axis is a significant predictor of clinical outcomes in HF and is significantly associated with serum adiponectin levels.
Diversity and Developmental Regulation of Extraocular Muscle: Progress and Prospects (1993)

The developmental regulation of skeletal muscle phenotypes has attracted much attention from cell and molecular biologists. Myogenesis serves as an excellent model of the interaction of genetic and epigenetic events in determining definitive adult characteristics. The muscles that are responsible for eye movements are among the most structurally and functionally diverse mammalian skeletal muscles. Despite these unique attributes, the extraocular muscle has been studied less extensively than the traditional limb and diaphragm models. This review explores current concepts regarding the development of these muscles. Proper interocular alignment and coordination of eye movements are essential for normal vision in the adult. Moreover, coordinated oculomotor function during the perinatal period is critical for the normal development of the visual system. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the sequence of events and mechanisms that regulate extraocular muscle development and maldevelopment is vital. Studies related to myoblast origin and differentiation and to the role of genetic versus environmental factors in shaping and maintaining adult extraocular muscle phenotype are reviewed. Prospects for understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms that regulate the heterogeneity and plasticity of these muscles also are discussed.