gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hallan Çemi, pig husbandry, and post-Pleistocene adaptations along the Taurus-Zagros Arc (Turkey) (1998)

Recent work at Hallan Çemi and other round house horizon sites in eastern Anatolia indicates that the Taurus-Zagros flanks were a second autochthonous center of neolithization in southwestern Asia. Fully settled complex hunter-gatherer societies are in existence in this area by the late Younger Dryas. These settled village societies were based on adaptations that did not involve cereal exploitation, presumably because cereals were absent in this area during the late Younger Dryas. Instead, these adaptations revolved around the exploitation of nuts and pulses, plus the hunting of ovicaprids and deer supplemented by early experiments with animal husbandry involving pigs. They are thus distinct from those that served as the foundation for the earliest sedentary societies in the Levant. Most current attempts to explain the beginnings of settled village life in southwestern Asia are based solely on Levantine data, which until recently were virtually all that were available. The Anatolian data do not conform to the Levantine pattern and thus raise serious questions about the general validity of these models.
Experimental comparison between speckle and grating-based imaging technique using synchrotron radiation X-rays (2016)

X-ray phase contrast and dark-field imaging techniques provide important and complementary information that is inaccessible to the conventional absorption contrast imaging. Both grating-based imaging (GBI) and speckle-based imaging (SBI) are able to retrieve multi-modal images using synchrotron as well as lab-based sources. However, no systematic comparison has been made between the two techniques so far. We present an experimental comparison between GBI and SBI techniques with synchrotron radiation X-ray source. Apart from the simple experimental setup, we find SBI does not suffer from the issue of phase unwrapping, which can often be problematic for GBI. In addition, SBI is also superior to GBI since two orthogonal differential phase gradients can be simultaneously extracted by one dimensional scan. The GBI has less stringent requirements for detector pixel size and transverse coherence length when a second or third grating can be used. This study provides the reference for choosing the most suitable technique for diverse imaging applications at synchrotron facility.
Simultaneous video defogging and stereo reconstruction (2015)

We present a method to jointly estimate scene depth and recover the clear latent image from a foggy video sequence. In our formulation, the depth cues from stereo matching and fog information reinforce each other, and produce superior results than conventional stereo or defogging algorithms. We first improve the photo-consistency term to explicitly model the appearance change due to the scattering effects. The prior matting Laplacian constraint on fog transmission imposes a detail-preserving smoothness constraint on the scene depth. We further enforce the ordering consistency between scene depth and fog transmission at neighboring points. These novel constraints are formulated together in an MRF framework, which is optimized iteratively by introducing auxiliary variables. The experiment results on real videos demonstrate the strength of our method.
Polyphase Barker sequences (1989)

Polyphase sequences are time-discrete complex sequences with constant magnitude and variable phase. In this letter polyphase sequences with aperiodic autocorrelation function (ACF) sidelobcs of values less than or equal to 1 are presented. Such sequences are called Barker sequences. Binary Barker sequences with elements 1 or - 1 are only known up to 13 elements. Now, with an iteration scheme, polyphase Barker sequences are found up to 25 elements, except for 20 elements.
Current trends and future challenges in wireless telemedicine system (2011)

With an increase in population, providing basic health care to the people, especially in rural areas is the main objective of health administrators. A remote telemedicine system is the possible way to solve this problem with the support of new advanced technologies. This paper discusses the state of the art and the major issues in wireless telemedicine systems such as secure transmission of data, patient monitoring and effective medical video compression. This paper will conclude by discussing future challenges of the domain.
Influence of additives on the y-to-a transformation of alumina (1992)

The transformation of metastable y-A1203 to Ix-A120 3 involves the conversion of cubic close packing of oxygens ions into stable hexagonal c ose packing [1]. It entails two intermediate ransition phases of alumina [1], i.e. 6 and 0, which occur in sequence immediately before converting to o~. Some metal ions are known to affect he y-to-o ~ transfor-mation temperature. For example, Fe reduces the transition temperature noticeably, whereas Cr either reduces or raises it slightly depending on the concentration [2, 3]. V205, acting as a liquid-phase former, assists the transformation by lowering the transition temperature from 1160 to 1135°C [4]. Several other additives (Cu, Mg, Ni, Mn, Ti and Si) have also been investigated [1, 5], albeit at rather
Autoantibody response to adjuvant and nonadjuvant H1N1 vaccination in systemic lupus erythematosus (2011)

H1N1 vaccination (both adjuvant and nonadjuvant) did not increase the levels of autoantibodies in patients with SLE.
PlantCV release v1.1: Plant image analysis using Open Computer Vision (OpenCV) (2016)

PlantCV is an imaging processing package specific for plants that is built upon open-source software platforms OpenCV, NumPy, and MatPlotLib. PlantCV was created at the Donald Danforth Plant Science Center in 2014 to analyze data from high-throughput plant phenotyping systems. PlantCV release v1.1 is a minor release that adds mkdocs build files to the v1.0 release so that documentation can be built automatically with readthedocs. This Zenodo repository is an archival record of release v1.1. For further reading, see our paper: Fahlgren N., Feldman M., Gehan MA., Wilson MS., Shyu C., Bryant DW., Hill ST., McEntee CJ., Warnasooriya SN., Kumar I., Ficor T., Turnipseed S., Gilbert KB., Brutnell TP., Carrington JC., Mockler TC., Baxter I. 2015. A Versatile Phenotyping System and Analytics Platform Reveals Diverse Temporal Responses to Water Availability in Setaria. <em>Molecular plant</em> 8:1520–1535. DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2015.06.005
Severe illness caused by<i>Rickettsia conorii</i> (1993)

An 18-month-old boy presented with a 5-day history of lethargy, fever, vomiting and rash. He required intensive care for inotropic and ventilatory support. He developed a disseminated intravascular coagulopathy and gangrene of his extremities. In addition, he had severe neurological dysfunction and loss of vision, both of which recovered spontaneously with time. The potential severity of tick typhus caused by Rickettsia conorii is described as well as the importance of paired serological tests in the diagnosis of this condition.
Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Flow and Contamination Transport in Nahavand Plain Aquifer, West of Iran (2014)

Abstract: Numerical simulation of groundwater flow used for the estimation of hydraulic and hydrologic parameters which is an important tool for the management of aquifers. This study presents the results of a mathematical model developed for the simulation of groundwater flow in Nahavand plain aquifer in the southwest Hamadan province. For this purpose Groundwater Modeling Software (GMS) was used which supports the MODFLOW-2000 code. After gathering required data such as the hydrological, hydrogeological and topography maps, a 3D hydrogeological model of plain was constructed with borehole and surface elevation data. Then MODFLOW was used for simulation of flow. After initial simulation of the flow, the model was calibrated in steady state with trial-and-error and parameter estimation methods the observed head of groundwater table monitoring data of 1997. Results of calibration show that error between observed head and computed head is in allowable range. Also results of computed head with model show that groundwater flow is in the direction of the dominate slope (southeast to northwest). Finally MODPATH code which simulates advective transport of particles was used for estimation of flow path and source of contaminants.
Rain-Induced Cross-Polarization at Centimeter and Millimeter Wavelengths (1974)

Rain-induced cross-polarization is an important factor in design of dual-polarization microwave radio communication systems. We present current estimates of this effect based upon calculated differential characteristics of canted oblate raindrops and their relationship to experiments. Measured differential attenuation and cross-polarization, mainly at 18 GHz, are used to determine two empirical parameters: an effective average of the absolute value of the canting angle and a measure of the imbalance between positive and negative canting angles. We can then provide estimates for median values of cross-polarization discriminations at other frequencies; these are found to agree fairly well with available measured data. Differential phase shift is the dominant factor in the rain-induced cross-polarization at frequencies below about 10 GHz, and differential attenuation becomes increasingly important at higher frequencies. For a given rain fading, the cross-polarization decreases with increase in frequency and is relatively insensitive to the rain rate, whereas for a given amount of rain the cross-polarization increases with frequency up to about 35 GHz. The cross-polarization discrimination of circularly polarized waves is much poorer than that of linearly polarized waves. When the angle α between the direction of propagation and the axis of symmetry of oblate raindrops is not equal to π/2, as on earth-space paths in satellite communication systems, the differential attenuation and differential phase shift can be approximated by sin <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> α times those for α = π/2, which is the condition for terrestrial paths.
Exploiting GPUs in Virtual Machine for BioCloud (2013)

Recently, biological applications start to be reimplemented into the applications which exploit many cores of GPUs for better computation performance. Therefore, by providing virtualized GPUs to VMs in cloud computing environment, many biological applications will willingly move into cloud environment to enhance their computation performance and utilize infinite cloud computing resource while reducing expenses for computations. In this paper, we propose a BioCloud system architecture that enables VMs to use GPUs in cloud environment. Because much of the previous research has focused on the sharing mechanism of GPUs among VMs, they cannot achieve enough performance for biological applications of which computation throughput is more crucial rather than sharing. The proposed system exploits the pass-through mode of PCI express (PCI-E) channel. By making each VM be able to access underlying GPUs directly, applications can show almost the same performance as when those are in native environment. In addition, our scheme multiplexes GPUs by using hot plug-in/out device features of PCI-E channel. By adding or removing GPUs in each VM in on-demand manner, VMs in the same physical host can time-share their GPUs. We implemented the proposed system using the Xen VMM and NVIDIA GPUs and showed that our prototype is highly effective for biological GPU applications in cloud environment.
Axial-mode instability in tunable external-cavity semiconductor lasers (1994)

The axial-mode instability of a tunable external-cavity semiconductor laser was studied experimentally and theoretically. Optical and radio-frequency (rf) spectra and time-domain traces show the laser output in progressive stages of instability. The optical sidemode ratio was used to experimentally characterize the wavelength and current dependencies of the instability. Measurements show a strong tendency for the sidemode ratio to degrade when the laser was tuned within wavelength bands occurring at the periodicity of the laser diode mode spacing. The probability of instability also increased with injection current. Analysis of the single-mode strong feedback rate equations shows that stability of an external-cavity mode is determined by the sign of the chirp reduction factor. A model for the physical origin of instability is provided. Calculations show that for facet reflectivities above a threshold value dependent on the external feedback level and the linewidth broadening factor, unstable and stable axial modes coexist in wavelength regions whose locations agree with regions where sidemode ratio degradation is observed. The stability boundary at which unstable axial modes appear is shown as a surface in the parameter space of facet reflectivity, feedback level, and linewidth broadening factor.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation as Transfection Reagents of Double-Hydrophilic Star Copolymers:  Effect of Star Architecture (2005)

Five star polymers of the ionizable hydrophilic 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) and the nonionic hydrophilic methoxy hexa(ethylene glycol) methacrylate (HEGMA) were prepared by group transfer polymerization (GTP) using ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as coupling agent. In particular, four isomeric star copolymers, one heteroarm, two star block and one statistical star, with 90% mol DMAEMA and 10% mol HEGMA, plus one star homopolymer of DMAEMA with degrees of polymerization of the arms equal to 20 were synthesized. The polymers were characterized in terms of their molar masses (MMs) and compositions using gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy, respectively. The hydrodynamic diameters in water indicated some aggregation for all the star polymers except for the statistical copolymer star, while the pK values of the DMAEMA units were around 7 for all star polymers. All the star polymers were evaluated for their ability to transfect human cervical HeLa cancer cells with the modified plasmid pRLSV40 bearing the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) as the reporter gene. All four star copolymers showed decreased toxicity compared to that of the DMAEMA star homopolymer for the same amounts of star polymer tested. The star block copolymer with outer DMAEMA blocks exhibited the highest overall transfection efficiency, 11%, compared to that of all the star polymers examined in this study. This efficiency was the same as that of the commercially available transfection reagent SuperFect.
A semi-Markov model for speech segmentation with an utterance-break prior (2014)

Speech segmentation is the problem of finding the end points of a speech utterance for passing to an automatic speech recognition (ASR) system. The quality of this segmentation can have a large impact on the accuracy of the ASR system; in this paper we demonstrate that it can have an even larger impact on downstream natural language processing tasks ‐ in this case, machine translation. We develop a novel semi-Markov model which allows the segmentation of audio streams into speech utterances which are optimised for the desired distribution of sentence lengths for the target domain. We compare this with existing state-of-the-art methods and show that it is able to achieve not only improved ASR performance, but also to yield significant benefits to a speech translation task. Index Terms: speech activity detection, speech segmentation, machine translation, speech recognition
An Overall Comparison of Small Molecules and Large Biologics in ADME Testing (2016)

<p class="ADMETabstracttext">Biologics mainly monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) as new therapeutics are becoming increasingly important biotherapeutics. This review is intended to provide an overall comparison between small molecules (SMs) and biologics or large molecules (LMs) concerning drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic (DMPK) or associated with absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination (ADME) testing from pharmaceutical industry drug discovery and development points of view, which will help design and conduct relevant ADME testing for biologics such as mAbs and ADCs. Recent advancements in the ADME for testing biologics and related bioanalytical methods are discussed with an emphasis on ADC drug development as an example to understand its complexity and challenges from extensive in vitro characterization to in vivo animal PK studies. General non-clinical safety evaluations of biologics in particular for ADC drugs are outlined including drug-drug interaction (DDI) and metabolite/catabolite assessments. Regulatory guidance on the ADME testing and safety evaluations including immunogenicity as well as bioanalytical considerations are addressed for LMs. In addition, the preclinical and human PK data of two marked ADC drugs (ADCETRIS, SGN-35 and KADCYLA, T-DM1) as examples are briefly discussed with regard to PK considerations and PK/PD perspectives.</p>
Browning's "Soliloquy of the Spanish Cloister" (1958)

Journal Article Browning's "Soliloquy of the Spanish Cloister" Get access John P. Cutts John P. Cutts Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume CCIII, Issue jan, 1 January 1958, Pages 17–18, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/CCIII.jan.17 Published: 01 January 1958
Using Yeast Genetics to Study Splicing Mechanisms (2014)

Pre-mRNA splicing is a critical step in eukaryotic gene expression, which involves removal of noncoding intron sequences from pre-mRNA and ligation of the remaining exon sequences to make a mature message. Splicing is carried out by a large ribonucleoprotein complex called the spliceosome. Since the first description of the pre-mRNA splicing reaction in the 1970s, elegant genetic and biochemical studies have revealed that the enzyme that catalyzes the reaction, the spliceosome, is an exquisitely dynamic macromolecular machine, and its RNA and protein components undergo highly ordered, tightly coordinated rearrangements in order to carry out intron recognition and splicing catalysis. Studies using the genetically tractable unicellular eukaryote budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) have played an instrumental role in deciphering splicing mechanisms. In this chapter, we discuss how yeast genetics has been used to deepen our understanding of the mechanism of splicing and explore the potential for future mechanistic insights using S. cerevisiae as an experimental tool.
Aspects of Chemistry in the Development of 4-Quinolone Anti- S2 bacterial Agents (1988)

Journal Article Aspects of Chemistry in the Development of 4-Quinolone Anti- S2 bacterial Agents Get access G. C. Crumplin G. C. Crumplin BiologyDepartment, University of York, Heslington, York, England Please address requests for reprints to Dr. G. C. Grumplin, Biology Department. University of York. Heslington, York. YOI 5DD. York. England. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Reviews of Infectious Diseases, Volume 10, Issue Supplement_1, January-February 1988, Pages S2–S9, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinids/10.Supplement_1.S2 Published: 01 January 1988
A new FACIT of the collagen family: COL21A1 (2001)

Interrogation of the Human Genome data for sequences related to the von Willebrand factor A-domain module identified a previously unreported 4.1 kb full-length cDNA that is predicted to encode a new member of the collagen superfamily of extracellular matrix proteins, collagen XXI. The domain organization of collagen XXI comprised an N-terminal signal sequence, followed by single von Willebrand factor A-domain and thrombospondin domains, and an interrupted collagen triple helix. The organization of these motifs predict that collagen XXI is a new member of the FACIT collagen sub-family. Expression analysis indicated that COL21A1 mRNA is present in many tissues including heart, stomach, kidney, skeletal muscle and placenta, and radiation hybrid mapping localized the COL21A1 gene to 6p11-12.
Similarity between computer control systems and community planning (1974)

The planning of a community's development and opera tions, whether for a small town or an international project, requires the allocation of resources to various areas of endeavor. These resources can best be allocated if a reasonably accurate estimate is made of the needs for corrective action and the effectiveness of it as a function of the type and amount of expenditure. For example, an estimate may be made of the amount of pollution and social conflict which may develop and of the effectiveness of various physical and human countermeasures (sewage disposal facilities, air pollution control, police, hospitals, etc.); on this basis a reasonable allocation may be made. Such a procedure forces one to establish value systems in order to assess social costs on a basis compatible with real costs. This is difficult. Few planners understand the philosophical and long- term implications of their actions. The approach adopted in this paper bears great similarity to optimal process control by computer, but it cannot solve problems unless suitable value systems can be established. Even when values cannot be adequately established, however, this approach to examining community problems allows decision- makers to better understand the implications of their actions. This approach helps educators to better plan programs which differ from the tradi tionally narrow engineering curricula and to intro duce the concept that technical tools and techniques have important applications in politics and philosophy.
Transventricular Impedance During Fibrillation (1983)

Transventricular impedance during fibrillation was measured with two methods: 1) by injecting a low constant sinusoidal current (obtaining a Z value), and 2) by using the time constant of an exponential defibrillatory discharge (giving an R value). One group of eight dols (Group 300) was normothermic and another group of 14 dogs (Group 400) was hypothermic. The left anterior descending coronary artery was ligated in both groups. For Group 300 (values in ohms), Z = 29.5 (SD 5.1), R = 30.9 (SD 4.7). The paired t-test gave a statistically significant difference (p 0.1 percent). For Group 400, Z = 34.5 (SD 7.3); R = 33.8 (SD 5.8), also with a significant difference, but at a lower level (p 5 percent). Nonetheless, from the practical point of view of calculating the voltage to be applied after establishing an adequate dose current, they (the differences) do not seem to have any important quantitative weight, supporting method 1 (for its easiness) to estimate transventricular impedance in this particular application.
Sparse decomposition of stereo signals with Matching Pursuit and application to blind separation of more than two sources from a stereo mixture (2002)

We develop a method of sparse decomposition of stereo audio signals, and test its application to blind separation of more than two sources from only two linear mixtures. The decomposition is done in a stereo dictionary which we can define based on any standard time-frequency or time-scale dictionary, such as the multiscale Gabor dictionary. A decomposition of a stereo mixture in the dictionary is computed with a Matching Pursuit type algorithm called Stereo Matching Pursuit. We experiment an application to blind source separation with three (mono) sources mixed on two channels. We cluster the parameters of the stereo atoms of the decomposition to estimate the mixing parameters, and recover estimates. of the sources by a partial reconstruction using only the appropriate atoms of the decomposition. The method outperforms the best achievable linear demixing by 3 dB to more than 7 dB on our preliminary experiments, and its performance should increase as we let the number of iterations of the pursuit increase. Sample sound files can be found here: http://www.irisa.fr/metiss/gribonva/