gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enterprise Microblogging for Advanced Knowledge Sharing: The References@BT Case Study (2011)

Siemens is well known for ambitious efforts in knowledge management, providing a series of innovative tools and applications within the intranet. References@BT is such a web-based application with currently more than 7,300 registered users from more than 70 countries. Its goal is to support the sharing of knowledge, experiences and best-practices globally within the Building Technologies division. Launched in 2005, References@BT features structured knowledge references, discussion forums, and a basic social networking service. In response to use demand, a new microblogging service, tightly integrated into References@BT, was implemented in March 2009. More than 500 authors have created around 2,600 microblog postings since then. Following a brief introduction into the community platform References@BT, we comprehensively describe the motivation, experiences and advantages for an organization in providing internal microblogging services. We provide detailed microblog usage statistics, analyzing the top ten users regarding postings and followers as well as the top ten topics. In doing so, we aim to shed light on microblogging usage and adoption within a globally distributed organization.
Fusion of Omnidirectional and PTZ Cameras for Face Detection and Tracking (2010)

Many applications for mobile robot authentication require to be able to explore a large field of view with high resolution. The proposed vision system is composed of a catadioptric sensor for full range monitoring and a pan tilt zoom (PTZ) camera leading to an innovative sensor, able to detect and track any moving objects at a higher zoom level. In our application, the catadioptric sensor is calibrated and used to detect and track regions of interest (ROIs) within its 360 degree field of view (FOV), especially face regions. Using a joint calibration strategy, the PTZ camera parameters are automatically adjusted by the system in order to detect and track the face ROI within a higher resolution.
A simple real time process control experiment using serial communication (2000)

O desenvolvimento e baixo custo dos microcomputadores introduziram o controle de processos em uma nova era. Atualmente, muitos controladores <em>on-off</em> e analógicos estão sendo substituídos por programas computacionais (<em>softwares</em>). Neste artigo, descreveremos um experimento simples e didático visando ao controle de temperatura de um equipamento (uma mufla), usando dois microcomputadores conectados por suas portas seriais. As principais características deste experimento são os fatos de introduzir o aluno no lado prático do controle de processos, usando um sistema distribuído de controle digital (SDCD), e permitir tanto a construção do controlador quanto a interação (aplicação distúrbios) com processo.
The role of Dexamethasone in clinical pharmaceutical treatment for patients with cataract surgery (2017)

The aim of the present study is to determine the efficacy of dexamethasone (DEX) vs. indomethacin (IND) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) in modulating immediate inflammation following cataract surgery. A total of 644 patients with cataract were recruited and inflammation was investigated during the perioperative period. The management protocol was similar in both groups. Each drug was given four times a day for 30 days starting 7 days prior to surgery. The primary efficacy criteria for evaluation were the reduction in anterior chamber (AC) flare and AC inflammation score, in addition, a different secondary efficacy and safety evaluation criteria were maintained. The results demonstrated that the average inflammation score was 1.2±0.8 in the DEX group, which was significantly lower compared with the IND (1.9±0.7) and CIP (1.8±0.6) groups. Intra-ocular pressure was decreased following treatment with DEX, while intra-ocular pressure was slightly increased in the IND (1.9±0.7) and CIP (1.8±0.6) groups. The final visual outcomes for patients postcataract surgery were clinically superior in the DEX group compared with that of the IND and CIP groups (P=0.034 and P=0.042, respectively), but there was no significant difference between the ND and CIP groups (P=0.78). Outcomes indicated that AC inflammation, conjunctival hyperaemia, corneal and lid oedema, ocular infection, pain, photophobia, and tearing were significantly improved in each group. No significant poor local tolerance or adverse reaction was observed in the DEX, IND and CIP groups. In conclusion, the outcomes of the present study suggest that DEX serves an important role in the clinical pharmaceutical treatment of patients with cataract surgery.
Advances in pancreatic cancer biomarkers (2019)

Biomarkers play an essential role in the management of patients with invasive cancers. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDC) associated with poor prognosis due to advanced presentation and limited therapeutic options. This is further complicated by absence of validated screening and predictive biomarkers for early diagnosis and precision treatments respectively. There is emerging data on biomarkers in pancreatic cancer in past two decades. So far, the CA 19-9 remains the only approved biomarker for diagnosis and response assessment but limited by low sensitivity and specificity. In this article, we aim to review current and future biomarkers that has potential serve as critical tools for early diagnostic, predictive and prognostic indications in pancreatic cancer.
Clinical and Immunologic Criteria for the Diagnosis of Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (1977)

Clinical and immunologic characteristics are reported in a series of 20 patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis seen by physicians in one consulting service during a period of 9 years. Seventeen of these patients have been identified in the past 2 years, reflecting the increasing recognition of the entity. Fifteen of the 20 patients are believed to have proven diagnoses; the other five are strongly suspected. Asthma, pulmonary infiltrates, and eosinophilia are the usual presenting symptoms. Serum immunoglobulin E was markedly elevated in all patients, and serum immunoglobulin D was normal in four out of five patients sampled. Bronchograms were abnormal in all cases in which they could be done. Lymphocyte transformation may be present in some cases but is not a diagnostic feature. The average age at time of diagnosis was 25.5 years, and seven of the 15 proven patients were 20 or younger.
Solving the Systems of Equations of Lane-Emden Type by Differential Transform Method Coupled with Adomian Polynomials (2019)

In this work, we applied the improved differential transform method to find the solutions of the systems of equations of Lane-Emden type arising in various physical models. With our proposed scheme, the desired solutions take the form of a convergent series with easily computable components. The results disclosing the relation between the differential transforms of multi-variables and the corresponding Adomian polynomials are proven. One can see that both the differential transforms and the Adomian polynomials of those nonlinearities have the same mathematical structure merely with constants instead of variable components. By using this relation, we computed the differential transforms of nonlinear functions given in the systems. The validity and applicability of the proposed method are illustrated through several homogeneous and nonhomogeneous nonlinear systems.
Backscattering of Electrons from 3.2 to 14 MeV (1967)

Monoenergetic electrons of energies from 3.2 to 14 MeV provided by a linear accelerator have impinged normally on thick solid targets. Backscattered electrons have been detected by an ionization chamber, the multiplication factor of which was calibrated with a Faraday chamber as a function of average energy per backscattered electron. Angular distributions of backscattered electrons measured for a total of seven targets, effectively semi-infinite and ranging in atomic numbers from 4 to 92, show a trend similar to Dressel's result. However, the backscattering coefficients obtained are lower than his values and are consistent with those reported by other previous authors. Variations of angular distribution and backscattering coefficient with target thickness also have been investigated for Cu, Ag, and Au targets at an incident energy of 6.1 MeV. Some of the angular distributions observed were compared with results of a simple calculation proposed by the author, and an interpretation has been given that the relative contribution of sidescattering compared with that of diffusion increases with increasing energy in the region considered. Backscattering coefficients for the thinnest targets of lower atomic numbers level off toward a nonzero intercept similar to Cohen and Koral's lower-energy result. This tendency is considered to be caused by the contribution of energetic secondary electrons. The backscattering coefficient $\ensuremath{\eta}({E}_{0}, Z, \ensuremath{\infty})$ of electrons incident on the semi-infinite target of atomic number $Z$ with kinetic energy ${E}_{0}$ above 1 MeV is expressed by an empirical equation $\ensuremath{\eta}({E}_{0}, Z, \ensuremath{\infty})=1.28\mathrm{exp}[\ensuremath{-}11.9{Z}^{\ensuremath{-}0.65}(1+0.103{Z}^{0.37}{{E}_{0}}^{0.65})]$ (${E}_{0}$ in MeV), appreciable deviations from experimental data occurring only for $Z\ensuremath{\le}6$ and $\frac{Z}{{E}_{0}}\ensuremath{\lesssim}2$ Me${\mathrm{V}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$.
Effect of a plant-derived natural compound, Flavin7, on the ERK signaling pathway in immortalized mouse proximal tubule cells. (2007)

Because of its ability to temporarily inhibit kidney tumor growth and activation of the MEK1/ERK pathway in vitro, further in vivo investigations may determine the potential role of Flavin7 in the treatment of malignancies.
The Role of Navigation Satellites in Oil Exploration (1979)

Since the release of the Navy Navigation Satellite System (or Transit) to the public in 1967, the oil and gas exploration industry has been an active innovator and end user of this potentially highly effective navigation and positioning tool. However, many knowledgeable people outside the oil exploration community, and even some people from within the community, do not know the role played by Transit in the pursuit of increasingly difficult to find oil and gas reserves. Moreover, these same individuals are unaware of the costly operational delays in exploration activity caused by the present poor orbital coverage in the Transit System. This paper attempts to call attention to the oil and gas exploration communities' requirements for navigation and positioning and to the active role played by the Transit Satellite System. The possible uses of future navigation satellite systems (such as GPS) are also explored. Most important, this paper puts forth the plight of the civil user of the present day Transit system and the civil user's similar predicament if commercial use of GPS is available only in the coarse code mode.
Inhibition of CYP1A2-mediated drug metabolism in vitro and in humans : With special emphasis on rofecoxib and other NSAIDs (2008)

The cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) is one of the major metabolizing enzymes. The muscle relaxant tizanidine is a selective substrate of CYP1A2, and the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) rofecoxib was thought to modestly in-hibit it. Cases suggesting an interaction between tizanidine and rofecoxib had been reported, but the mechanism was unknown. Also other NSAIDs are often used in combination with muscle relaxants. The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of rofecoxib, several other NSAIDs and female sex steroids on CYP1A2 ac-tivity in vitro and in vivo, and to evaluate the predictability of in vivo inhibition based on in vitro data. \n\nIn vitro, the effect of several NSAIDs, female sex steroids and model inhibitors on CYP1A2 activity was studied in human liver microsomes, without and with preincubation. In placebo controlled, cross-over studies healthy volunteers ingested a single dose of tizanidine after a pretreament with the inhibitor (rofecoxib, tolfenamic acid or celecoxib) or placebo. Plasma (and urine) concentrations of tizanidine and its metabolites were measured, and the pharmacodynamic effects were recorded. A caffeine test was also performed. \n\nIn vitro, fluvoxamine, tolfenamic acid, mefenamic acid and rofecoxib potently in-hibited CYP1A2. Ethinylestradiol, celecoxib, desogestrel and zolmitriptan were moderate, and etodolac, ciprofloxacin, etoricoxib and gestodene were weak inhibi-tors of CYP1A2. At 100 µM, other tested NSAIDs and steroids inhibited CYP1A2 less than 35%. Rofecoxib was found to be a mechanism-based inhibitor of CYP1A2. In vivo, rofecoxib greatly increased the plasma concentrations (over ten-fold) and the pharmacodynamic effects of tizanidine. Also the metabolism of caf-feine was impaired by rofecoxib. Despite the relatively strong in vitro CYP1A2 inhibitory effects, tolfenamic acid and celecoxib did not have a significant effect on tizanidine and caffeine concentrations in humans. Competitive inhibition model and the free plasma concentration of the inhibitor predicted well the effect of fluvoxam-ine and the lack of effect of tolfenamic acid and celecoxib on tizanidine concentra-tions in humans, and mechanism-based inhibition model explained the effects of rofecoxib. However, the effects of ciprofloxacin and oral contraceptives were un-derestimated from the in vitro data. \n\nRofecoxib is a potent mechanism-based inhibitor of CYP1A2 in vitro and in vivo. This mechanism may be involved in the adverse cardiovascular effects of rofecoxib. Tolfenamic acid and celecoxib seem to be safe in combination with tizanidine, but mefenamic acid might have some effect on tizanidine concentrations in vivo. Con-sidering the mechanism of inhibition, and using the free plasma concentration of the inhibitor, many but not all CYP1A2 interactions can be predicted from in vitro data.
New Insights into the Role of Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis (2017)

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the accumulation of lipids, smooth muscle cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, necrosis, fibrosis, and local inflammation. Immune and inflammatory responses have significant effects on every phase of atherosclerosis, and increasing evidence shows that immunity plays a more important role in atherosclerosis by tightly regulating its progression. Therefore, understanding the relationship between immune responses and the atherosclerotic microenvironment is extremely important. This article reviews existing knowledge regarding the pathogenesis of immune responses in the atherosclerotic microenvironment, and the immune mechanisms involved in atherosclerosis formation and activation.
在进展型HIV感染中“深度补救”新方法的研究 (2007)

今天，对于HIV感染最困难的问题是对感染了多重耐药病毒个体的治疗。最近，经充分对照、仔细设计的临床试验已获准几种新抗病毒药物用于耐药性HIV感染的治疗。随机分配接受接近最适合的修订治疗方案的个体，由个体内所预计的耐药病毒发生为标准得出了这些试验设计。在此，研究人员提出了一种对携带多种耐药性HIV个体药物治疗有效性评估的新方法。
Production and Removal of Lactate during Exercise in Man (1972)

Abstract Blood lactate concentration (LA) was measured in 4 female and 3 male well‐trained subjects before and during 30 min of continuous treadmill running at 4 different speeds, demanding about 30, 60, 70 and 80% of the individuals' maximal oxygen uptake (Vo 2 max). The same subjects also performed in another series of experiments where maximal intermittent exercise preceded 30 min of running at the same 4 speeds, or resting in a chair. During continuous running, starting from resting conditions, the blood LA increased only slightly up to a critical Ievel ( i.e . 60—80%) of Vo 2 ‐max. From then on, a pronounced lactate production may occur. During the maximal intermittent exercise, blood LA increased to 130—220 mg/100 ml. In the recovery period, i.e . continuous running at the same 4 speeds, or resting in a chair, blood LA decreased towards resting values. The lactate removal rate was calculated from the rectilinear part of the curves describing the changes in LA with time, and expressed as mg/100 ml X min. The lactate removal rate was higher during exercise than during rest, and increased with increasing work load up to the same critical level ( i.e . 60—80% of Vo 2 max), beyond which a reduction was observed. The highest removal rate was 8 mg lactate/100 ml x min at 63% of Vo 2 max (average values). These results indicate that human skeletal muscle possesses a pronounced capacity to oxidize lactate. Therefore, a production of lactate is possible even with no increase in the blood LA. These results also indicate that the skeletal muscle, rather than the liver, may be regarded as the main site for lactate removal during exercise.
Entangled Two-Photon Absorption Spectroscopy (2018)

The application of quantum states of light such as entangled photons, for example, created by parametric down conversion, has experienced tremendous progress in the almost 40 years since their first experimental realization. Initially, they were employed in the investigation of the foundations of quantum physics, such as the violation of Bell's inequalities and studies of quantum entanglement. They later emerged as basic platforms for quantum communication protocols and, in the recent experiments on single-photon interactions, in photonic quantum computation. These applications aim at the controlled manipulation of the photonic degrees of freedom, and therefore rely on simple models of matter, where the analysis is simpler. Furthermore, quantum imaging with entangled light can achieve enhanced resolution, and quantum metrology can overcome the shot noise limit for classical light. This Account focuses on an entirely different emerging class of applications using quantum light as a powerful spectroscopic tool to reveal novel information about complex molecules. These applications utilize two appealing properties of quantum light: its distinct intensity fluctuations and its nonclassical bandwidth properties. These give rise to new and surprising behavior of nonlinear optical signals. Nonclassical intensity fluctuations can enhance nonlinear optical signals relative to linear absorption. For instance, the two-photon absorption of entangled photon pairs scales linearly (rather than quadratically) in the photon flux, just like a single photon absorption. This enables nonlinear quantum spectroscopy of photosensitive, for example, biological, samples at low light intensities. We will discuss how the two-photon absorption cross section becomes a function of the photonic quantum state, which can be manipulated by properties of the entangled photon pairs. In addition, the quantum correlations in entangled photon states further influence the nonlinear signals in a variety of ways. Apart from affecting the signal's scaling with intensity, they also constitute an entirely new approach to shaping and controlling excitation pathways in molecular aggregates in a way that cannot be achieved with shaped classical pulses. This is because between the two absorption events in entangled two-photon absorption, the light and material system are entangled. Classical constraints for the simultaneous time and frequency resolution can thus be circumvented, since the two are not Fourier conjugates. Here we review the simplest manifestation of quantum light spectroscopy, two-photon absorption spectroscopy with entangled photons. This will allow us to discuss exemplarily the impact of quantum properties of light on a nonlinear optical signal and explore the opportunities for future applications.
Hydraulics of culvert fishways V: Alberta fish weirs and baffles (1990)

This paper presents the results of a laboratory study of the hydraulic performance of fish weirs and fish baffles used by Alberta Transportation for improving the fish-passing capacity of culverts. It was found that if the longitudinal spacing of the weirs is limited to 0.6 and 1.2 times the diameter of the culvert, their performance is comparable to that of the corresponding weir and slotted-weir baffle systems, with regard to the depth of pool between the baffles as well as the barrier velocity. On the other hand, the fish baffles did not perform as well as the fish weirs under the conditions tested. Key words: culverts, fishways, baffles, turbulent flow, hydraulics, open-channel flow.
Applied ergonomics for operator compartment design in an EJC 88 XLP loader (2006)

In engineering design of operatori?½s compartments, in underground mining equipment, ergonomics principles are often neglected or not given the full recognition they deserve. This paper defines ergonomics, applies it to machinery in an underground mining environment and descriptionbes the ergonomics analysis undertaken during the design phase of an EJC extra-low-profile mining loader. Encompassing the design of the operatori?½s compartment of this new loader, this paper illustrates the importance of ergonomics principles within the collective design process, ensuring that it is fully integrated into the design approach. An ultimate aim of this study is to ensure that all future designs follow this route to guarantee not only the outcome of a highly efficient, cost-effective and productive machine but that it is also takes the human factor into account, not only in maintenance but also in operation. Maximizing comfort will have the ultimate outcome of actually increasing productivity.
Short‐term reactions of human dental pulp to formocresol and its components – a clinical‐experimental study (1979)

Abstract – Pulps of 58 human premolars were amputated under standardized conditions, and standardized amounts of dressings containing 4 or 19% formaldehyde solutions, 35% cresol or formocresol, were applied to the wound surface. Tissue reactions were studied after 4, 8 or 16 d using enzyme histochermical and routine histologic techniques. The results showed that formaldehyde fixed the tissue in vivo , the extent of fixation being dependent on the concentration of formaldehyde. Fixation did not reach the apical foramen. Formaldehyde also caused vascular changes at varying distances from the fixed tissue, indicating transport of formaldehyde via the vessels, Cresol caused necrosis and vascular changes limited mainly to the upper portion of the root pulp. Application of formocresol resulted in devitalization of the whole or almost the whole of the root pulp within 4 d, accompanied by complex vascular changes, depending mainly on the formaldehyde component. Root pulp exposed to formocresol for 5 min only showed partial devitalization due to compromised blood flow, while practically no fixation occurred. The inflammatory response to formocresol and its components was remarkably limited.
A framework for the assessment of knowledge transfer in software development organizations (2001)

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design & Management Program, 2001.
ROBOTICS APPLICATION IN PEOPLE WITH WEAK MUSCLES – STANDING AND WALKING (2004)

In this review paper we provide brief information on three commercially available biomechatronic devices that were primarily developed for neurological rehabilitation after stroke and spinal cord injury. First, we present Balance Trainer, a biomechatronic device that enables safe standing and balancing environment where the level of balancing support can be varied according to a particular subject’s needs. Gait Trainer and Locomat are biomechatronic/robotic devices that enable repetitive practice of gait-like movement in non-ambulatory subjects. We briefly discuss potential application of the presented devices for therapeutical purposes in people with muscular distrophy.<br /><br />
Probabilistic Analysis Of Algorithms (1985)

An introductory and selective review is presented of results obtained through a probabilistic analysis of combinatorial algorithms. The emphasis is on asymptotic characteristics of optimal solution values, and on the relative and absolute error analysis for simple heuristics.