gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isolation and Characterization of the <i>cis-trans</i> -Unsaturated Fatty Acid Isomerase of <i>Pseudomonas oleovorans</i> GPo12 (1999)

Pseudomonas oleovorans contains an isomerase which catalyzes the cis-trans conversion of the abundant unsaturated membrane fatty acids 9-cis-hexadecenoic acid (palmitoleic acid) and 11-cis-octadecenoic acid (vaccenic acid). We purified the isomerase from the periplasmic fraction of Pseudomonas oleovorans. The molecular mass of the enzyme was estimated to be 80 kDa under denaturing conditions and 70 kDa under native conditions, suggesting a monomeric structure of the active enzyme. N-terminal sequencing showed that the isomerase derives from a precursor with a signal sequence which is cleaved from the primary translation product in accord with the periplasmic localization of the enzyme. The purified isomerase acted only on free unsaturated fatty acids and not on esterified fatty acids. In contrast to the in vivo cis-trans conversion of lipids, this in vitro isomerization of free fatty acids did not require the addition of organic solvents. Pure phospholipids, even in the presence of organic solvents, could not serve as substrate for the isomerase. However, when crude membranes from Pseudomonas or Escherichia coli cells were used as phospholipid sources, a cis-trans isomerization was detectable which occurred only in the presence of organic solvents. These results indicate that isolated membranes from Pseudomonas or E. coli cells must contain factors which, activated by the addition of organic solvents, enable and control the cis-trans conversion of unsaturated acyl chains of membrane phospholipids by the periplasmic isomerase.
A Method for Predicting Atmospheric Aerosol Scattering Coefficients in the Infrared (1970)

A method for predicting scattering coefficients in the atmospheric windows from 1.0 micro to 15.0 micro is presented. The method avoids the assumptions that the index of refraction and the aerosol distribution are constants over the range of relative humidity values. Relative humidity is taken as the independent variable with the aerosol distribution and index of refraction dependent upon the value of the relative humidity. A two-component continental and maritime aerosol distribution is used. Although strictly applicable to the 1.0-15.0 micro wavelength region, the calculations are extended with a lesser degree of accuracy into the visible region so that comparisons with measured data may be made.
Induction heating handbook (1979)

Induction heating handbook , Induction heating handbook , کتابخانه دیجیتالی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات درمانی شهید بهشتی
[Mechanisms and theory of occlusal wear]. (1996)

The various mechanisms which cause wear of occlusal surfaces of the teeth, erosion as caused by the food, direct contact wear, and surface fatigue are discussed from their theoretical bases. Special attention is paid to the implications for the oral environment. The ACTA wear machine, designed to simulate these mechanisms, as well as some of its results, are briefly discussed.
Measurement of radiation coherence by means of interference visibility in the reflected light (2015)

Proposed, justified and tested measuring of beam spatial coherence, based on the detection of an interference visibility of the equal to intensity of beam replicas emerging under reflection from the rotated plane-parallel plate. The method consists in measuring the interference contrast at the simultaneous change of the longitudinal path difference and transverse shift of named replicas. Accurate measurement of the angle of rotated plate and the amplitude distribution of interferential minimaxes allows to determine the width of the beam spatial coherence. Spatial coherence of some types of multimode lasers has been measured by the method. Keywords: coherence measurements, interference in 2 move apart beam, rotable interferometer
Experimental investigation of the structure of nonionic microemulsions and their relation to the bending elasticity of the amphiphilic film (1996)

Oil-in-water microemulsions of nonionic surfactants of type ${\mathrm{C}}_{n}{E}_{j}$ with various hydrocarbons have been characterized by means of small-angle-neutron-scattering (SANS) (carried out at the Laboratoire Leon Brillouin, CEA-CNRS, Saclay, France) and interfacial tension measurements. The obtained structural parameters (radius $R$ and polydispersity index $p$) of this droplet system and the interfacial tension $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ were related to the bending elasticity of the amphiphilic film that can be described by the spontaneous curvature and two elastic constants, bending modulus $\ensuremath{\kappa}$ and saddle-splay modulus $\overline{\ensuremath{\kappa}}$. The validity of our method to extract $p$ from the shape analysis of the scattering curves has been confirmed by an independent contrast variation experiment. Both $p$ and $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ lead independently for all systems to very similar values for the elastic moduli. Their sum $2\ensuremath{\kappa}+\overline{\ensuremath{\kappa}}$ is proportional to the chain length of the surfactant but independent of our employed hydrocarbons (hexane\ensuremath{\rightarrow}decane). Finally, we also performed SANS experiments for a dilution series, where from the concentration dependence of $R$ and $p$ we are able to deduce independently this sum of the elastic constants that agrees well with the values obtained before. The elastic theory of the amphiphilic film allows for a self-consistent interpretation of structural and interfacial tension data and also to reliably predict one of these quantities from the knowledge of the other ones.
Haematological stem cell transplantation in the treatment of severe autoimmune diseases: first experiences from an international project (1999)

The benefit:risk ratio of HSCT in autoimmune disease appears to justify the initiation of prospective controlled comparative studies. The comparator arm is open, one possibility being mobilized (Cy 2 or 4 g/m2 + G-CSF), but not transplanted. Inclusion and exclusion criteria for different disease categories need to be standardized, as do outcome measurements. In Europe, the EBMT has established a new working party for autoimmune disease with representatives from all involved groups, including the USA. A similar parallel group is being established in North America. The aim will be consensus and standardization of disease-specific aspects. Standardization of immune reconstitution parameters could prove critical in the understanding of autoimmune mechanisms, with early guidelines being developed and available to interested groups. Data collection is critical, with advanced discussions on common registration forms between the EBMT and the American Bone Marrow Transplantation Registry (ABMTR) already taking place. Common detailed disease-specific clinical data forms are now a top priority, so that data from the two major databases may be compared. All patients fulfilling entry criteria should be registered and followed long term, including those not able to be treated for non-medical reasons, such as insurance. This will provide a prospective 'conventional treatment' control group. Regular and flexible liaison between the data managers of both groups will be encouraged, as with regulatory authorities such as the Food and Drug Administration. The following such meeting was in Basel, 8-10 October 1998.
Weed Control in Maize (Zea mays) Intercropped with Soybean (Glycine max) (1995)

An experiment was conducted at Ranchi during wet season of 1990–92 to study the effect of cropping system and weed control on weeds and productivity of maize and soybean. Intercropping of maize with soybean, irrespective of their row ratios, effectively reduced the weed density and dry weight of weeds at 30 and 60 days after sowing compared to their pure cropping. The grain yield of maize under intercropping was at par with that obtained under its pure cropping but the drastic decrease (36–53%) in grain yield of soybean was noticed in intercropping systems compared with its sole cropping. Maize-equivalent yield in maize + soybean (1: 1) intercropping system made commendable improvement (5023 kg/ha) compared to remaining cropping systems. Hand weeding at 15 and 30 days after sowing was comparable with the pre-emergence application of pendimethalin 0.75 kg/ha in reducing population as well as dry matter production of weeds at 30 and 60 days after sowing. Pendimethalin 1.0kg/ha pre-emergence and fluchloralin 1.0kg/ha pre-plant incorporation proved as good as hand weeding in increasing the grain yields of maize and soybean. Hand weeding at 15 and 30 days after sowing gave the highest maize equivalent yield (5259 kg/ha) which was at par with that obtained with pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha pre-emergence (4793 kg/ha).
A Versatile Millimeter-Wave Imaging System (1976)

A new millimeter-wave imaging system has been assembled at the Naval Research Laboratory and flight-tested using the NASA/ Wallops C-54 aircraft. The system incorporates an oscillating mirror and interchangeable radiometer units making it particularly adaptable to variations in its operational frequency, polarization, and angular resolution. Flight tests of the system have been conducted at 90 GHz and simultaneously at 22 and 31 GHz using a dual frequency radiometer. The imaging system and data processing are described and some of the initial flight test results at 90 GHz are presented.
Applying transformer concept to nonisolated voltage regulators significantly improves the efficiency and transient response (2004)

A voltage regulator (VR) is a DC-DC converter dedicated to powering the microprocessors in today's computers. The multiphase buck converter, as the current solution, faces great challenges for future use in VRs. This paper applies the transformer concept to generate several families of new converters, therefore providing opportunities to improve the efficiency while maintaining good transient response. Topology derivation, analysis and experimental results are presented. Test results verify the theoretical prediction.
Influence of oxygen passivation on optical properties of PbSe thin films (2008)

A series of PbSe thin films grown on a (111)-oriented Si substrate by molecular beam epitaxy were passivated by high-purity oxygen at different annealing temperatures. The photoluminescence intensity increased by more than two orders of magnitude at 4.5μm after annealing the samples in an O2 atmosphere at 350°C. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that PbO and SeO2 were formed during the oxidation process of PbSe, thus confirming the formation of the surface passivation layer which resulted in the observed significant increase in PL intensity.
Layout influenced factorization of Boolean functions (2002)

Traditional approaches to designing VLSI circuits for a given Boolean function usually treat logic minimization and layout generation as two separate subproblems which are solved independently of each other. However, actual layout considerations such as transistor placement and the routing strategy are also important factors in determining the cost of a combinational circuit. Our approach tries to factorize Boolean functions in such a way that the corresponding functional cell layout area is minimized.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Synthesis and photochemical degradation of <i>N</i>‐arylmethyl derivatives of the herbicide 3‐amino‐1,2,4‐triazole (1992)

Abstract Reaction of an arylmethyl halide with 3‐amino‐1,2,4‐triazole ( 1 ) allows the preparation of the three N ‐aryl‐methyl derivatives of 1 bearing the substituent on the heterocyclic nitrogen atoms. In basic medium (methoxide anion in DMF or methanol, or in benzene by phase transfer catalysis), the isomers 3 and 5 substituted at N‐1 and N‐2 respectively are obtained, while the isomer 4 is isolated from neutral medium (DMF). The isomers 3 and 4 may be also prepared by cyclization of appropriate formylguanidinium derivatives. 3‐Arylmethylamino‐1,2,4‐triazoles 2 may be obtained through reaction of 3‐chloro‐1,2,4‐triazole ( 6 ) with arylmethylamines. Photolysis of the N ‐arylmethyl‐3‐amino‐1,2,4‐triazoles 2‐5 in methanol or water‐methanol mixture, induces homolytic and heterolytic cleavage of the arylmethyl‐C‐N bond giving rise to 3‐amino‐1,2,4‐triazole ( 1 ). Thus, compounds 2‐5 with arylmethyl groups able to absorb solar light may be considered as potential photoactivatable herbicides.
Optical vibration measurements of cross coupling effects in capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer arrays (2011)

Optical vibration measurement systems are excellent tools for characterizing ultrasonic transducers. This paper presents measurements on immersed arrays of capacitive ultrasonic transducers (CMUTs) using a heterodyne interferometer. The interferometer allows measurements of vibrations from DC up to 1 GHz with a noise floor of ~1pm/√Hz. Previously CMUTs have been characterized in air. The transducer is intended for intravascular use. Therefore the CMUTs were characterized in the transparent fluids kerosene and rapeseed oil that have acoustic properties closer to blood. The optical measurements on immersed CMUTs were validated by assessing the measurement errors caused by the acousto optic effects in the fluid. When immersed there is significant cross coupling between individual CMUTs within an array. Simulations presented here indicate that this causes an acoustic wave mode that is bound to the interface between the CMUTs and the fluid. This is confirmed by measurements of the phase velocity and attenuation coefficient of this wave. The measurement results indicate that the wave exists up to a maximum frequency and that the attenuation constant increases with increasing frequency. Rapeseed oil causes a significantly larger attenuation coefficient than kerosene, which most probably is due to a considerable difference in fluid viscosities. There was a mismatch between the simulated and measured phase velocity for low frequencies. It is likely that the cause of this is coupling between the fluid CMUT interface waves and Lamb waves in the substrate of the CMUT array. Measurements performed with the heterodyne interferometer have confirmed the presence of dispersive waves bound to the surface of the transducer by directly showing their propagation along the array. The setup has also characterized the bound waves by measuring dispersion relations.
MS-050: Robert B. Arms Collection (2004)

The Robert B. Arms collection consists largely of papers regarding quarterly returns, receipts, and letters from the ordnance office; along with muster rolls, descriptive lists and state of Vermont orders. There is a section on the 16th Regimental Reunions, as well as documents pertaining to Arms’ role as Deputy Collector. There is extensive paperwork regarding George Stannard’s account, including at testimony made by Arms on the matter of Stannard’s bankruptcy. The researcher will find a hefty amount of correspondence between Arms and William A. Scott concerning the sale of property in North Dakota. Although this is a Civil War collection, it is not a rich Civil War resource. There are a few orders to Arms from his commander Colonel Veazey, as well as detailed letter from Arms to his parents describing the raid on headquarters that resulted in the capture of General Stoughton. The most intriguing item is a letter from Arms to his son written in October 1889 describing his trip to Gettysburg, and the possibility of a misunderstanding of what his Company actually did in the battle. The majority of the collection, however, is the basic paperwork of an officer. The post-war documents demonstrate how Arms served his state after the war, specifically his men in aiding with their pension claims. Special Collections and College Archives Finding Aids are discovery tools used to describe and provide access to our holdings. Finding aids include historical and biographical information about each collection in addition to inventories of their content. More information about our collections can be found on our website https://www.gettysburg.edu/special-collections/collections/.
Improved Control of Respiration During Computed Tomography by Feedback Monitoring (1982)

The use of computed tomographic (CT) attenuation measurements to characterise lung pathology is hindered by the wide variations occurring with respiration. A simple strain-gauge has been used as a respiratory monitor with feedback to the patient giving a visual indication of chest expansion during CT. Significant improvement was achieved in reproducibility of mean attenuation values of nominally identical lung sections when the gauge was used as compared with control sections. Respiratory feedback monitoring has wide potential application in thoracic and upper abdominal CT.
CHAPTER X (2010)

An opportunity so favourable was not endangered by any needless delay. While the two brigades which had been engaged remained upon the field to recover their order, the third, which had formed the reserve, and was consequently unbroken, took the lead, and pushed forward at a rapid rate towards Washington.
Building pair-wise visual word tree for efficent image re-ranking (2010)

Bag-of-visual Words (BoW) image representation is getting popular in computer vision and multimedia communities. However, experiments show that the traditional BoW representation is not as effective as it is desired. One of the most important reasons for its ineffectiveness is that, the traditional BoW representation lost the spatial information in images. To overcome this problem, we propose the pair-wise visual word tree, within which each visual word keeps both the appearance and spatial information between two interest points in image. Thus, the corresponding novel BoW representation preserves the spatial structure in image. Based on the pair-wise visual word tree, we propose an efficient topic word selection algorithm, which utilizes the Latent Semantic Analysis to discover the most expressive visual words for different image categories. An efficient strategy is then utilized to combine the selected topic words for image re-ranking. Massive experiments show that the novel BoW representation shows promising performance. Meanwhile, the proposed image re-ranking strategy shows the state-of-the-art precision and promising efficiency.
Abrasive commissioner nearly scuppers New Mexico garnet facility (2015)

I have heard no opposition to the Burrell garnet operation as a private enterprise, none whatsoever, [Janet White] told local paper Alamgordo Daily News.

Owing to a small time window for land procurement, Burrell Western had been worried that it would be forced to build the plant at a reserve location in Texas. The project is expected to consist of an open pit mine, which would require roads, trucks and light equipment.

Preliminary drilling results suggest that the indicated garnet resources at Burrell Western's project, the location for which remains undisclosed, totals 2.5m tonnes, with an estimated mine life of between 25 and 50 years, and total revenues of $1bn.
Uplink Intercell Interference and Capacity in 3G LTE systems (2007)

In this paper, we study the inter-cell interference in the uplink of 3G LTE systems. The multiple access is based on SC-FDMA. This is an orthogonal access (no intra-cell interference). However, inter-cell interference remains as there is no orthogonality between cells. We then model the inter-cell interference by calculating the distribution of the number of collisions, taking into account the impact of power control. We then use this model to calculate the user capacity of the system, by mean of a Markovian analysis. We finally use the developed model to evaluate and compare different interference mitigation schemes.
Automatic tuning concept for a three-phase inductive power transfer system (2014)

Contactless charging of electric vehicles by means of inductive power transfer is becoming increasingly popular in the recent years. In contrast to wired power interfaces, user-friendly and secure wireless links with no physical contact are preferable. Especially in the higher power range (>100kW), three-phase approaches are an encouraging alternative to single-phase systems due to great EMC benefits. While compensation of single-phase systems is comparatively simple, the static tuning procedure is much more complex for three-phase systems. Aggravating, system parameter drifts arising from slightly mismatched positioning and thermal influences shift the systems current working point away from the optimal one for which the whole system is tuned statically. As an essential base, in a first part this paper introduces an appropriate approach for the static tuning of a three-phase system and discusses the effects of parameter drifts on the pickup. Based on the static tuning, concept ideas for an automatic retuning of the pickup during operation are presented in the second part.
The influence of banner advertisements on attention and memory: human faces with averted gaze can enhance advertising effectiveness (2014)

Research suggests that banner advertisements used in online marketing are often overlooked, especially when positioned horizontally on webpages. Such inattention invariably gives rise to an inability to remember advertising brands and messages, undermining the effectiveness of this marketing method. Recent interest has focused on whether human faces within banner advertisements can increase attention to the information they contain, since the gaze cues conveyed by faces can influence where observers look. We report an experiment that investigated the efficacy of faces located in banner advertisements to enhance the attentional processing and memorability of banner contents. We tracked participants' eye movements when they examined webpages containing either bottom-right vertical banners or bottom-center horizontal banners. We also manipulated facial information such that banners either contained no face, a face with mutual gaze or a face with averted gaze. We additionally assessed people's memories for brands and advertising messages. Results indicated that relative to other conditions, the condition involving faces with averted gaze increased attention to the banner overall, as well as to the advertising text and product. Memorability of the brand and advertising message was also enhanced. Conversely, in the condition involving faces with mutual gaze, the focus of attention was localized more on the face region rather than on the text or product, weakening any memory benefits for the brand and advertising message. This detrimental impact of mutual gaze on attention to advertised products was especially marked for vertical banners. These results demonstrate that the inclusion of human faces with averted gaze in banner advertisements provides a promising means for marketers to increase the attention paid to such adverts, thereby enhancing memory for advertising information.