gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Trefoil peptides as proangiogenic factors in vivo and in vitro: implication of cyclooxygenase‐2 and EGF receptor signaling (2003)

We previously established that the trefoil peptides (TFFs) pS2, spasmolytic polypeptide, and intestinal trefoil factor are involved in cellular scattering and invasion in kidney and colonic cancer cells. Using the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay and the formation of tube-like structures by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) plated on the Matrigel matrix substratum, we report here that TFFs are proangiogenic factors. Angiogenic activity of TFFs is comparable to that induced by vascular endothelial growth factor, leptin, and transforming growth factor-alpha. Stimulation of angiogenesis by pS2 in the CAM assay is blocked by pharmacological inhibitors of cyclooxygenase COX-2 (NS-398) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) tyrosine kinase (ZD1839), but is independent of KDR/Flk-1 and thromboxane A2 receptors. In contrast, the morphogenic switch induced by pS2 in HUVEC cells could be inhibited by the specific KDR heptapeptide antagonist ATWLPPR and by inhibitors of COX-2 and EGF-R signaling. These results implicate TFFs in the formation of new blood vessels during normal and pathophysiological processes linked to wound healing, inflammation, and cancer progression in the digestive mucosa and other human solid tumors associated with aberrant expression of TFFs.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Pregnancy: A Review (1999)

Inflammatory bowel disease often occurs during peak reproductive years. Rates of conception, pregnancy outcome and disease course during pregnancy should be discussed prior to attempted conception. The majority of patients whose disease is well controlled prior to pregnancy should expect a fertility rate comparable to the general population, and an uncomplicated pregnancy with a favorable outcome. The disease should continue to be pharmacologically or surgically controlled as necesssary during pregnancy; the majority of drug options available to pregnant patients being without detriment to the fetus. No predictable inheritance pattern has been established and, at this time, there is no ability to screen prenatally.
A Controller for a Spark Ignition Engine with Bi-Fuel Capability (1994)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A bi-fuel engine with the ability to run optimally on both compressed natural gas (CNG) and gasoline is being developed. Such bi-fuel automotive engines are necessary to bridge the gap between gasoline and natural gas as an alternative fuel while natural gas fueling stations are not yet common enough to make a dedicated natural gas vehicle practical. As an example of modern progressive engine design, a Saturn 1.9 liter 4-cylinder dual overhead cam (DOHC) engine has been selected as a base powerplant for this development. Many previous natural gas conversions have made compromises in engine control strategies, including mapped open-loop methods, or resorting to translating the signals to or from the original controller. The engine control system described here, however, employs adaptive closed-loop control, optimizing fuel delivery and spark timing for both fuels. Each fuel is metered by solenoid injectors and the fuel injection control maintains a preset air-fuel ratio using a universal exhaust gas oxygen sensor (UEGO). Spark timing is controlled to maintain the location of peak in-cylinder pressure at the optimum value for best torque, which was determined experimentally to be 14° after top dead center for this engine. In-cylinder pressure was measured in the experimental engine using piezoelectric pressure transducers flush-mounted in the cylinder head. Location of peak pressure was determined in real time with the IBM-compatible 486 computer used for control, and was used to modify the spark advance for the next engine event in that cylinder. Reductions in engine-out emissions of hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, and oxides of nitrogen, as compared with stock operation, were observed when using the controller with gasoline. Further reductions in emissions were achieved with CNG operation, due to the properties of the fuel. An improvement in engine stability was also realized with the controller.</div>
Metal-catalyzed Organic Photoreactions. Photoreactions of Compounds Containing a Carbon-oxygen or Carbon-nitrogen Multiple Bond with Alcohols in the Presence of Titanium(IV) Chloride or Uranyl Chloride (1977)

Abstract α,β-Unsaturated carbonyl compounds and esters, cyclopropyl ketones, β-diketones, Schiff’s bases, and nitriles were irradiated in several alcohols in the presence of titanium(IV) chloride or uranyl chloride. In the titanium(IV) chloride-catalyzed reactions, the α-carbon atom of the primary alcohols underwent a bond formation, generally with the C=X (or C≡N) carbon atom of the substrates, while the bond formation occurred on a C=C carbon atom of the substrates in the uranyl chloride-catalyzed reactions. The reactions were examined under several conditions, and a possible scheme for the reactions was suggested.
Measuring the effectiveness of infrastructure-level detection of large-scale botnets (2011)

Botnets are one of the most serious security threats to the Internet and its end users. In recent years, utilizing P2P as a Command and Control (C&C) protocol has become popular due to its decentralized nature that can help hide the botmaster's identity. Most bot detection approaches targeting P2P botnets either rely on behavior monitoring or traffic flow and packet analysis, requiring fine-grained information collected locally. This requirement limits the scale of detection. In this paper, we consider detection of P2P botnets at a high-level - the infrastructure level-by exploiting their structural properties from a graph analysis perspective. Using three different P2P overlay structures, we measure the effectiveness of detecting each structure at various locations (the Autonomous System (AS), the Point of Presence (PoP), and the router rendezvous) in the Internet infrastructure.
Overexpression of Bcl-2 induces STAT-3 activation <i>via</i> an increase in mitochondrial superoxide (2015)

We recently reported a novel interaction between Bcl-2 and Rac1 and linked that to the ability of Bcl-2 to induce a pro-oxidant state in cancer cells. To gain further insight into the functional relevance of this interaction, we utilized computer simulation based on the protein pathway dynamic network created by Cellworks Group Inc. STAT3 was identified among targets that positively correlated with Rac1 and/or Bcl-2 expression levels. Validating this, the activation level of STAT3, as marked by p-Tyr705, particularly in the mitochondria, was significantly higher in Bcl-2-overexpressing cancer cells. Bcl-2-induced STAT3 activation was a function of GTP-loaded Rac1 and NADPH oxidase (Nox)-dependent increase in intracellular superoxide (O2•-). Furthermore, ABT199, a BH-3 specific inhibitor of Bcl-2, as well as silencing of Bcl-2 blocked STAT3 phosphorylation. Interestingly, while inhibiting intracellular O2•- blocked STAT3 phosphorylation, transient overexpression of wild type STAT3 resulted in a significant increase in mitochondrial O2•- production, which was rescued by the functional mutants of STAT3 (Y705F). Notably, a strong correlation between the expression and/or phosphorylation of STAT3 and Bcl-2 was observed in primary tissues derived from patients with different sub-sets of B cell lymphoma. These data demonstrate the presence of a functional crosstalk between Bcl-2, Rac1 and activated STAT3 in promoting a permissive redox milieu for cell survival. Results also highlight the potential utility of a signature involving Bcl-2 overexpression, Rac1 activation and STAT3 phosphorylation for stratifying clinical lymphomas based on disease severity and chemoresistance.
Efficient numerical investigation of an active reconfigurable periodic structure (2012)

Application of an advanced numerical scheme, namely the Synthetic Function eXpansion (SFX) algorithm, to the analysis of an active 1D structure is presented. A passive periodic configuration consisting of parallel patches loading a microstrip line is turned into an active structure by inserting a pair of 2 switches to the two ends of each patch; the states of the pair of switches are changed contemporaneously. Variation of the states of the switches modifies the current distribution on the structure. The characterization of the large number of possible configurations requires a huge numerical effort which is alleviate by the use of the proposed method. Examples of the numerical investigations in a case of a 120 element array controlled by different periodic patterns are considered and discussed.
Co-editors’ Messages (2010)

1. Bernard Nusbaum, MD 1. Coral Gables, Florida </br>![][1]</img> “When is hair cloning going to be available?” My patients are asking this question with ever-increasing frequency. Some patients claim the Internet promises breakthroughs in the near future or that cloning treatments
Selective Removal of Methyl Mercaptan in Coffee Aroma Using Oxidized Microporous Carbon. (1999)

Coffee aroma recovered from the extraction process of roasted coffee beans is used to improve the quality of soluble coffee products. Coffee aroma often has an irritating sulfurous odor. In the present work, it is experimentally elucidated that methyl mercaptan could be selectively removed from the coffee aroma-containing gas by the oxidized microporous carbon. Breakthrough curves of coffee aroma-containing gas on zeolite 5A, microporous carbon (MSC 5A), and MSC 5A oxidized with 13.2M HNO3 aqueous solution revealed that the adsorption capacity of methyl mercaptan on the oxidized carbon was 4.2 times of that on the zeolite. The loss of desired coffee aroma was decreased using the oxidized carbon in the removal of methyl mercaptan.
ChemInform Abstract: Fast Time‐Resolved IR Spectroscopy: The Photolysis of trans‐[η‐C<sub>5</sub>Me<sub>5</sub>Fe(CO)<sub>2</sub>]<sub>2</sub>, the Detection of cis‐[η‐C<sub>5</sub>Me<sub>5</sub>Fe(CO)<sub>2</sub>]<sub>2</sub>, and the Activation Energy for cis to trans Isomerization. (1986)

Abstract The predominant UV flash photolytic process for the trans complex (I) in cyclohexane at room temp. is the formation of the radical (II).
Near-Tetraploidy Can Mask the Presence of Chromosome 13q Deletions in Plasma Cells of Patients with Multiple Myeloma. (2006)

Abstract Ploidy status and chromosomal aberrations are important prognostic features in multiple myeloma (MM). In particular, non-hyperdiploidy i.e. hypodiploid, pseudodiploid and near-tetraploid (NT), and chromosome 13q aberrations are associated with a worse outcome. We have used combined I-FISH and cell morphology analysis with the Duet™ system for the diagnosis of del 13q and IgH aberrations in bone marrow (BM) samples from MM patients (pts). Using this method we suspected that del 13q can be masked in plasma cell populations due to NT chromosome number. We studied 125 consecutive BM samples from MM pts for the presence of NT. Mean pts’ age was 56±11 years, sixty percent were men, sixty-seven percent had stage III disease and forty-eight percent had IgG myeloma. Two commercial probes were used in all FISH experiments: LSI 13 (RB1) and LSI IGH dual-color, break-apart rearrangement probe. For further clarification other probes of Vysis were used. The measurement of plasma cells DNA content (DI) was done by determining the DAPI intensity using the Volocity Grid Confocal system controlled by the Volocity Acquisition software. To examine the accuracy of measurements DI of 2 MM cell lines: U266 and NCI-H929 were determined. DI in the two cell lines deviated only by 3.2% and 3.6%, respectively, therefore supporting accuracy of ploidy measurements. The criteria for the diagnosis of NT included: Duplication of hybridization patterns in both 13q and IgH Normal hybridization pattern in 13q and duplication of hybridization patterns in IgH and another probe Normal hybridization pattern in IgH and duplication of hybridization patterns in 13q and another probe If normal hybridization signals were seen in both 13q and IgH probes but plasma cells had large nuclei, at least two other probes with duplication of hybridization patterns were required for NT determination. NT was diagnosed in 45/125 BM samples (36%), median plasma cells with NT 12.5%, range 2–100% of the plasma cells population. DI was determined in 10 BM samples suspected for NT. All the samples studied were verified as NT with a mean DI of 1.7 ± 0.14 (range 1.58–1.90). Chromosome 13q status was normal in only 8 NT samples (18%), i.e. four hybridization signals were detected. In 32/45 (71%) NT samples there were two hybridization signals in a portion of plasma cells population, representing a duplication of del 13q in the presence of NT. Importantly, in 5 samples (11%) all plasma cells had two hybridization signals for del 13q. These cases could actually be overlooked unless NT was specifically searched for and ruled out, therefore potentially loosing important prognostic information. In conclusion, we found a high prevalence of NT in MM pts using a sensitive novel assay. The determination of NT is important as del 13q can be masked in BM samples harboring NT DNA content.
A new method for the detection of thermal oxidation in polyethylene pipes (1981)

Dumb-bell shaped specimens containing the inner wall surface of the pipe cut from 12 polyethylene pipes of different origin were subjected to constant uniaxial tensile loads at 313 K in air. The brittleness of the inner wall surface layer of the thermally oxidized pipes manifested itself in a shift of the unstable/stable necking transition to lower stresses and longer times. With the aid of optical and scanning electron microscopy, the brittleness of the inner wall surface layer of the oxidized pipes was demonstrated in distinctive surface cracks, which were the dominant feature of the drawn samples of the oxidized pipes. No such surface cracks were observed in the non-oxidized samples. The surface crack patterns were characterized in terms of crack frequency (longitudinal and transverse), width of fragments of cracked top layer (lB), plastic strain of the fragments of the cracked top layer (εpl) and thickness of the cracked top layer (H). Correlations were found that can be interpreted according to basic principles of fracture mechanics. Through knowledge of, for example, εpl and lB the values of the other variables can be predicted. The thickness of the cracked top layer corrected for the reduction in thickness due to plastic deformation is approximately equal to the thickness of the oxidized layer as determined by polarized microscopy. Drawing in an Instron Tensile Testing Machine at an elongation rate of 10 mm/min at 298 K also revealed the distinctive surface cracks in the oxidized samples. On the basis of these results, a new method for the detection of thermal oxidation in polyethylene pipes is proposed.
On the Mechanism of Assembly of Xylans onto Cellulose Surfaces (2003)

Cellulose is the most abundant biopolymer on earth and the major component in cell walls of wood and terrestrial plants. Commercial applications include paper, plastics, hygiene and pharmaceutical products. The composition and morphology of cellulose surfaces affect the product properties. The development of environmentally attractive methods for surface modification is thus important. Hemicelluloses are suitable candidates for cellulose modification as they are present in large amounts in wood and plants and interact strongly with cellulose, both during cell wall biosynthesis and pulping. The major hemicelluloses in hardwoods are xylans, which are characterized by a .BETA.-(1->4)-D-Xylp backbone and the presence of acidic substituents. This work has focused on preparation of cellulosic fibers with tailored surface morphologies by controlled assembly of xylans onto the surfaces. The assembly of xylan onto cellulose was shown to be related to the accessible surface area of the cellulose substrates and the assembly process could be controlled by variation of experimental conditions such as temperature, treatment time, and solution pH. Microscopy analysis showed that the xylans assemble on the cellulose surfaces as small particles, ranging in sizes from about 50 nm to a few micrometers. The formation of xylan surface structures was correlated to the aggregation of xylans in aqueous solution, as shown by light scattering studies. Assembly of xylans onto cellulose surfaces under the conditions used in this work is proposed to take place by an adsorption process involving diffusion to, and interaction with, cellulose surfaces of xylan aggregate structures formed in the solution. Assembly of xylan and formation of surface structures on lignocellulosic fibers was shown to significantly improve the wettability and liquid absorption rate of the fibers by creating hydrophilic surfaces with topographies that promote liquid spreading. This research work provides a deeper understanding of the behavior of xylans in solution and their interactions with cellulose surfaces. Potential applications include incorporation of xylan assembly into existing kraft pulping processes to improve pulp properties such as wetting and fiber strength. Hopefully, the knowledge gained in this work can contribute to development of new materials based on polysaccharides.
ChemInform Abstract: MIXED OXIDATION STATE CONFACIAL BIOCTAHEDRAL COMPLEXES OF TUNGSTEN POSSESSING STRONG METAL‐METAL INTERACTION. PART 2. SYNTHESIS, X‐RAY CRYSTAL STRUCTURE, AND ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE STUDIES OF THE W(III)/W(IV) COMPLEX BIS(TETRAPHENYLARSONIUM) μ‐CHLOROHEXACHLOROBIS(μ‐PHENYLTHIOLATO)DITUNGSTATE(W‐W)‐DICHLOROMETHANE(1# /1.4) (1984)

Abstract Der bei der 1:1‐molaren Umsetzung von Tetrachloro‐bis‐[dimethylsulfid ]‐W mit Phenylmercapto‐trimethylsilan entstehende Chlorid und phenylsulfidverbrückte Zweikernkomplex (II) bildet bei der Behandlung mit Tetraphenylarsoniumchlorid den kationischen Titelkomplex (III).
Purification of an 80 kDa Ca2+-Dependent Actin-Modulating Protein, Which Severs Actin Filaments, from Bovine Adrenal Medulla (1987)

A protein with a molecular weight of 80 kDa, which binds Ca2+-dependently to actin, was purified chromatographically from bovine adrenal medulla by using Sephacryl S-300, DEAE-Sepharose, actin-DNase I Sepharose, and Sephacryl S-200. This protein was retained on an actin-DNase I affinity column only in the presence of Ca2+, and could be eluted from this column by EGTA. The 80 kDa protein is a monomer and binds to G-actin in a Ca2+-dependent manner at an equimolar ratio. It caused fragmentation of actin filaments at more than 4 X 10(-7) M free Ca2+ concentration, as determined by low-shear viscometry and electron microscopy. Saturating amounts of tropomyosin showed a slight protective effect on the fragmentation of actin filaments by the 80 kDa protein. Considering the mode of action on actin filaments, the 80 kDa protein reported here seems to be a gelsolin-like protein. Gel electrophoresis of this protein revealed changes in mobility depending upon the concentration of Ca2+. This result also indicates that the 80 kDa protein itself is a Ca2+-binding protein.
Lignin-derived heteroatom-doped porous carbons for supercapacitor and CO<sub>2</sub> capture applications (2018)

The present study reports the economic and sustainable syntheses of functional porous carbons for supercapacitor and CO2 capture applications. Lignin, a byproduct of pulp and paper industry, was successfully converted into a series of heteroatom-doped porous carbons (LHPCs) through a hydrothermal carbonization followed by a chemical activating treatment. The prepared carbons include in the range of 2.5 to 5.6 wt% nitrogen and 54 wt% oxygen in its structure. All the prepared carbons exhibit micro- and mesoporous structures with a high surface area in the range of 1788 to 2957 m2 g−1. As-prepared LHPCs as an active electrode material and CO2 adsorbents were investigated for supercapacitor and CO2 capture applications. Lignin-derived heteroatom-doped porous carbon 850 shows an outstanding gravimetric specific capacitance of 372 F g−1 and excellent cyclic stability over 30,000 cycles in 1 M KOH. Lignin-derived heteroatom-doped porous carbon 700 displays a remarkable CO2 capture capacity of up to 4.8 mmol g−1 (1 bar and 298 K). This study illustrates the effective transformation of a sustainable waste product into a highly functional carbon material for energy storage and CO2 separation applications.
Evidence that Rhizospheric Calcium Level Modulates Potato Plant Response to Heat Stress (1996)

Micropropagated `Red Norland' plants were transferred to an inert mixture of 1 perlite: 1 medium-grain quartzite (v/v) and grown 21 days at 20°C day/15°C night on a 25% Hoagland solution without Ca(NO 3 ) 2 (Ca at 10 mg·L –1 from CaCl 2 , N at 35 mg·L –1 from KNO 3 ). Thereafter, Ca treatments (Ca at 0.2, 1, 5, 25, 125 mg·L –1 ) were imposed for 21 days with other nutrients unchanged. Day/night temperatures were 20/15°C and 35/20°C for control and stress plants, respectively. Continuous drip supply of nutrient solution in excess of demand maintained target rhizospheric Ca levels. All experiments were conducted in controlled-environment chambers with 400-μmol·m –2 ·s –1 light level. The following results were obtained. 1) Stress, but not control, plants grown with Ca at 0.2 and 1.0 mg·L –1 displayed reduced leaf expansion, extreme senescence, and death of the primary shoot meristem. 2) Plants grown with Ca at 5, 25 and 125 mg·L –1 grew normally under both temperature regimens, although plants responded to temperature with different biomass partitioning. (3) Total root mass at harvest was similar under all Ca–temperature combinations but low-Ca-treated plants had comparatively darker roots with fewer branches. (4) Light microscopic evaluation revealed normal staining patterns of lignified elements in leaves and stems of all plants. These data suggest that constant rhizospheric Ca levels >1 mg·L –1 are required for continued plant growth during exposure to heat stress.
Analgesic Use and Risk of Subsequent Hypertension in Apparently Healthy Men (2005)

In this large cohort, apparently healthy male physicians who self-selected for analgesic use had no significantly increased risk of subsequent hypertension, although a small to moderately increased risk cannot be excluded in observational studies.
Mixed ligand chelate extraction of lanthanides in 8-quinolinol-tetra-n-heptylammonium chloride systems (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMixed ligand chelate extraction of lanthanides in 8-quinolinol-tetra-n-heptylammonium chloride systemsM. Kawashima and Henry. FreiserCite this: Anal. Chem. 1981, 53, 2, 284–286Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00225a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00225a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views52Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts