gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
600°C thermal oxidation of amorphous LPCVD silicon for thin film transistor application (1992)

Silicon layers deposited by low pressure chemical vapor deposition at a temperature between 520 degree(s)C and 620 degree(s)C have been oxidized at 600 degree(s)C to evaluate the feasibility of a pad oxide for a multilayered insulator used as the gate of a thin film transistor. It is concluded that such a pad oxide can be used if the silicon is deposited in the amorphous phase.
Antitumor Antibiotics:  Bleomycin, Enediynes, and Mitomycin (2005)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAntitumor Antibiotics: Bleomycin, Enediynes, and MitomycinUte Galm, Martin H. Hager, Steven G. Van Lanen, Jianhua Ju, Jon S. Thorson, and Ben ShenView Author Information Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705 Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2005, 105, 2, 739–758Publication Date (Web):January 21, 2005Publication History Received19 July 2004Published online21 January 2005Published inissue 1 February 2005https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr030117ghttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr030117gresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2005 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5607Altmetric-Citations471LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Antibiotic resistance,Cells,Drug resistance,Genetics,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
Measurements of the Thermal Conductivity of Chlorodifluoromethane (HCFC-22) in the Temperature Range from 300 K to 515 K and at Pressures up to 55 MPa<sup>1</sup> (2000)

We report measurements of the thermal conductivity of chlorodifluoromethane (HCFC-22) with a coaxial cylinder cell operating in the steady state. The measurements of the thermal conductivity of HCFC-22 were performed along several quasi-isotherms between 300 K and 515 K, in the gas phase, the liquid phase, and the critical region. The pressure range covered varies from 0.1 MPa to 55 MPa. On the basis of the fitting of experimental data, a background equation is provided to calculate the thermal conductivity outside the critical region as a function of temperature and density. A careful analysis of the various sources of errors leads to an estimated uncertainty of the thermal conductivity, of the order of ±1.5%.
In Vivo Functional Proteomics: Mammalian Genome Annotation Using CD-Tagging (2002)

A self-inactivating CD-tagging retroviral vector was used to introduce epitope and GFP tags into genes and proteins in NIH 3T3 cells. Several hundred cell clones, each expressing GFP fluorescence in a distinctive pattern, were isolated. Molecular analysis showed that a wide variety of genes and proteins, some known and some newly discovered, had been tagged. The analysis also revealed that, in the great majority of instances, the abundance and cellular location of the tagged protein mirrored that of its untagged counterpart. This approach provides a systematic means for the functional annotation of mammalian genomes and proteomes in living cells.
Men with sickle cell disease experience greater sexual dysfunction when compared with men without sickle cell disease (2020)

Recurrent ischemic priapism is a common complication of sickle cell disease (SCD). We assessed the burden, characteristics, and types of priapism, including sexual dysfunction, in a cohort of men with and those without SCD, to test the hypothesis that sexual dysfunction is more prevalent in men with SCD. In Kano, Nigeria, we conducted a comparative cross-sectional survey that included 500 and 250 men 18 to 40 years of age, with and without SCD, respectively. The survey used the Priapism Questionnaire and the International Index of Erectile Function for sexual function assessment. All eligible participants approached for the study gave informed consent and were enrolled. Stuttering and major priapism were defined based on the average duration of priapism experiences that lasted ≤4 and >4 hours, respectively. The prevalence of priapism was significantly higher in men with SCD than in those without it (32.6% vs 2%; P < .001). Stuttering priapism accounted for 73.6% of the priapism episodes in men with SCD. Nearly 50% of the participants with SCD-related priapism had never sought medical attention for this complication. The majority of the men with SCD-related priapism used exercise as a coping mechanism. Priapism affected the self-image of the men with SCD, causing sadness, embarrassment, and fear. The percentage of the men with SCD who had erectile dysfunction was more than twofold higher than that of those without SCD who had erectile dysfunction (P = .01). The men with SCD had a higher prevalence of priapism and sexual dysfunction than the men without SCD.
Attenuation in a shock tube due to unsteady-boundary-layer action (1956)

A method is presented for obtaining the attenuation of a shock wave in a shock tube due to the unsteady boundary layer along the shock-tube walls. It is assumed that the boundary layer is thin relative to the tube diameter and induces one-dimensional longitudinal pressure waves whose strength is proportional to the vertical velocity at the edge of the boundary layer. The contributions of the various regions in a shock tube to shock attenuation are indicated. The method is shown to be in reasonably good agreement with existing experimental data.
Developmental effects of chemicals and the heat shock response in <i>Drosophila</i> cells (1986)

Exposure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells to heat shock (hyperthermia) or to a number of diverse environmental stresses such as teratogens, anoxia, and inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation results in the enhanced synthesis of a number of proteins which have been previously referred to as heat shock proteins (hsps). More recently, in view of the diverse types of agents that can induce these proteins, they have also been referred to as stress proteins. This phenomenon is one of the most basic regulatory mechanisms in living organisms. Exposure of Drosophila embryos, larvae, or pupae to these types of stresses also results in a variety of developmental abnormalities in the ensuing adult. Although the function(s) of these heat shock proteins has yet to be determined, they are widely thought to play an important role in cell survival and protection following some types of environmental stress. In our laboratory, we have developed an in vitro assay for detecting agents that act as teratogens, utilizing Drosophila embryonic cultures. Drosophila embryonic cells differentiate in vitro to a number of functional cell types including myotubes and ganglia. A number of drugs that have been shown to act as teratogens in mammals have also been found to inhibit muscle and/or neuron differentiation in Drosophila embryonic cultures. We have examined, by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, the effects of such teratogens on protein synthesis in Drosophila embryonic cells. Inhibition of muscle and/or neuron differentiation correlates well with the induction of two proteins of about 20 kilodaltons. These are identical to two of the heat shock proteins (hsp 23, 22) as shown by electrophoretic mobilities and peptide mapping by partial proteolysis. Heat shock and other treatments such as exposure to some of the metal ions and ether induces the entire set of seven major heat shock proteins in the Drosophila embryonic cells. Dose-response studies of several teratogens show a correlation between the degree of inhibition of differentiation and the level of induction of hsps. Since heat shock proteins have been suggested as possibly serving a protecting role, our present studies are aimed at identifying the role of hsps in teratogenesis and investigating the differential regulation of heat shock genes in response to different external stimuli.
Genome Sequence of Klebsiella oxytoca 11492-1, a Nosocomial Isolate Possessing a FOX-5 AmpC β-Lactamase (2012)

Klebsiella oxytoca strain 11492-1 was isolated from a perianal swab culture from a patient at the University of Maryland Medical Center in 2005. The K. oxytoca 11492-1 draft genome contains multiple antibiotic resistance genes, including a FOX-5 AmpC β-lactamase encoded on a large IncA/C plasmid.
A Smart Biological Signal-Responsive Focal Drug Delivery System for Treatment of Refractory Epilepsy (2012)

In this paper, we propose a new biological signal-responsive implantable device that triggers direct an anticonvulsive drug into the epileptogenic zone at electrographic seizure onset. We describe the high-performance seizure-onset detection algorithm, low-power circuit technique and focal drug delivery system. The implantable device is composed of a preamplifier, a signal processor, a seizure detector and a micropump. The device records high quality intracerebral electroencephalographic (icEEG) signals using high conductive electrodes and a low noise preamplifier. The recorded signal is processed continuously using low-power technique to detect onset of seizures accurately. The low-power miniaturized micropump is able to deliver sufficient amount of anticonvulsive drug in a short duration (50µL/sec) to epileptogenic zone. The detection algorithm was validated with Matlab tools and a prototype device was assembled with discrete components in a circular (Ø 40 mm) printed circuit board. The device was validated offline using the icEEG recordings obtained from 3 drug-resistant epilepsy patients. The average seizure detection delay was 10 sec from electrographic seizure onset, well before seizure progression to adjacent functional cortex.
Unlocking the Performance of the BlueGene/L Supercomputer (2005)

The BlueGene/L supercomputer is expected to deliver new levels of application performance by providing a combination of good single-node computational performance and high scalability. To achieve good single-node performance, the BlueGene/L design includes a special dual floating-point unit on each processor and the ability to use two processors per node. BlueGene/L also includes both a torus and a tree network to achieve high scalability. We demonstrate how benchmarks and applications can take advantage of these architectural features to get the most out of BlueGene/L.
Investigation on tonal and playability qualities of didgeridoos: Correlations with physical properties (2004)

The quality of an instrument, perceived by a player, is usually separated into two fields, tonal and given possibilities by the instrument in terms of playability. For the didgeridoo, tonal quality is first linked to the spectral content of the emitted notes, a result of the oscillation of a complex system composed of the instrument, the lips and the player’s vocal tract. Is also related to the character of spatialization of the sounds which one sometimes associates with the semantic attribute of sound width or sound envelopment. The playability is attached to the playing facility but also to the various aptitudes of the instrument. Among those one finds the aptitude for the modulations, for the rhythmic effects, for the overblowing, for vocalization, the cries, etc. The air column resistance, the sound efficiency, and the sound dynamics are also linked to the playability. The study is carried out on a series of eight instruments chosen in a corpus of around 50 instruments. The study includes tests with instrumentalits, acoustical and geometrical measurements and analysis of the emitted sounds. Some correlations between the physical properties of the same instrument, the nature of the emitted spectrum and the quality will be presented.
Two-stage anaerobic digestion enables heavy metal removal (2008)

To fully exploit the environmental benefits of the biogas process, the digestate should be recycled as biofertiliser to agriculture. This practice can however be jeopardized by the presence of unwanted compounds such as heavy metals in the digestate. By using two-stage digestion, where the first stage includes hydrolysis/acidification and liquefaction of the substrate, heavy metals can be transferred to the leachate. From the leachate, metals can then be removed by adsorption. In this study, up to 70% of the Ni, 40% of the Zn and 25% of the Cd present in maize was removed when the leachate from hydrolysis was circulated over a macroporous polyacrylamide column for 6 days. For Cu and Pb, the mobilization in the hydrolytic stage was lower which resulted in a low removal. A more efficient two-stage process with improved substrate hydrolysis would give lower pH and/or longer periods with low pH in the hydrolytic stage. This is likely to increase metal mobilisation, and would open up for an excellent opportunity of heavy metal removal.
Presurgical connectome and postsurgical seizure control in temporal lobe epilepsy (2013)

MTLE is associated with network rearrangement within, but not restricted to, the temporal lobe ipsilateral to the onset of seizures. Networks involving key components of the medial temporal lobe and structures traditionally not removed during surgery may be associated with seizure control after surgical treatment of MTLE.
Phase II Trial of Bexarotene Capsules in Patients With Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer After Failure of Two or More Previous Therapies (2006)

In the intent-to-treat population, bexarotene given as third or subsequent line of therapy for relapsed NSCLC did not achieve the intended median survival of 6 months. Survival may have been extended in patients who developed bexarotene-induced hypertriglyceremia and/or skin rash. It is important to confirm these observations in a randomized controlled trial.
Van der Pol and chaos (1986)

Experimental confirmation has been made on a driven relaxation oscillator circuit, first presented by Van der Pol, of the periodadding route to chaos. The nonlinear element in the circuit is a neon bulb, modeled by a three-segment piecewise-linear current-controlled resistor. A simple nonlinear circuit model has been used to reproduce in simulations the experimentally-observed period-adding phenomenon.
Clinical Implementation of a Novel High-Throughput Screen of Primary Leukemia Cells to Customize Therapy for Relapsed/Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). (2009)

Abstract Abstract 2657 Poster Board II-633 For most patients with relapsed and refractory acute myeloid leukemia, therapeutic success is unpredictable with current cytotoxic chemotherapeutic regimens. Moreover, multiple courses of therapy have been shown to result in co-morbid conditions, which can often preclude the patient from being able to receive the potentially curative therapy of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. With the aim of identifying a successful chemotherapy regimen for these patients, based on patient-specific myeloid blast cell chemo-sensitivities, we have developed a high-throughput screening assay that utilizes primary (patient-derived) leukemia cells and tested for chemo-sensitivity against a panel of established chemotherapeutic agents as well as novel agents. In our laboratory, we were able to identify in vitro resistance against the various drugs already clinically administered, including cytarabine, etoposide, and anthracyclines. Importantly, we were able to show in vitro sensitivity to chemotherapy agents that had not been previously administered. The index patient was a 32-year-old woman with primary refractory acute myeloid leukemia who had received six different therapeutic regimens prior to our testing, all of which demonstrated in vitro resistance using our assay. The blasts were sensitive, however, to 6-thioguanine with an inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 70 nM. Based on the in vitro data, the patient began a combination treatment regimen containing oral 6-thioguanine as her white blood cell (WBC) count had increased to greater then 50,000 cells/ml on her previous therapy. Following a maintenance regimen with these agents, her circulating blast count decreased to less then 10,000 cells/ml, and she had partial recovery of the neutrophil count, resulting in a decrease in the overall leukemia burden. This result was not seen with her previous treatment regimens. Importantly, the majority of this therapy was administered in the outpatient setting. Subsequently, we have collected specimens from more than ten patients with AML and used this screening assay to predict their response to various chemotherapeutics. In each case, we have accurately predicted the in vivo clinical response (both sensitivity and resistance) to different chemotherapeutic agents. This demonstrates that the technology currently being used to screen drug therapy for patients with relapsed and refractory AML is clinically useful and has a potential role in designing individualized drug treatment regimens. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Properties of interdigital transducers in relation to the substrate crystal symmetry (2002)

Exclusively from the crystal symmetry, we obtain results concerning properties of interdigital Rayleigh waves along high-symmetrical crystal directions. Three cases of high-symmetrical directions are considered. The crystal symmetry determines the properties of the piezoelectric tensor and consequently the wave excitation by transducers. These considerations enable one to ascertain the positions of the transduction centers and the influence of internal reflections on the amplitude characteristics. Furthermore, we are able to discuss the old question "crossed-field or in-line model?".
Gemcitabine pathway genotype analysis to predict toxicity in phase II gemcitabine monotherapy in heavily pre-treated metastatic breast cancer (2004)

2066 Background: We evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of gemcitabine monotherapy in heavily pretreated breast cancer patients, and the polymorphism of gemcitabine-related genes to elucidate the association with toxicity. We detected the polymorphism of deoxycytidine kinase (dCK), deoxycytidine deaminase (dCDA), and ribonucleotide reductase (RNR). Methods: A weekly infusion of gemcitabine at 850mg/m2 for 3 of every 4 weeks was introduced in patients who had failed previous doxorubicin and taxane. Treatment was delayed until leukopenia was recovered with G-CSF support without dose modification. The known polymorphism site of 3 genes were evaluated by CEQ™ 8000 Genetic Analysis System (Beckman): dCK(GG->GT), dCDA(AA->AG), RNR(CC-> CT, TT->TC) with genomic DNA of peripheral lymphocytes. Results: Of 51 enrolled patients, 47 were evaluable. Total 208 cycles were administered and the relative dose intensity was 89%. The response rate was 20%. Median response duration and overall survival were 8 and 12 months, respectively. The toxicity was mild with 14% of grade III neutropenia and 6% of grade III/IV thrombocytopenia. Polymorphism was found in 13% of dCK, 11% of dCDA. 42% of the 1st RNR, 38% of the 2nd RNR and 18% of both RNR sites. By Gibbs sampling-based algorithm, AGCT was the most frequent type (0.6226) with 3 genes, and CT was the most common haplotype in RNR (0.6909). When we evaluated the association of the 4 polymorphic sites from 3 genes with maximum leukopenia, AGTC type polymorphism showed the correlation with leukopenia. Moreover, the number of polymorphism in RNR and the polymorphism of the second site in RNR showed the significant correlation with leukopenia. Subsequently, patients with more number of polymorphism in 3 genes or polymorphism in RNR gene required more numbers of G-CSF rescue without gemcitabine dose reduction. Finally, patients with AGCT type showed a less response to treatment. Conclusions: Gemcitabine monotherapy is effective as salvage treatment and dose adjustment can be done effectively by pharmacogenomic association study in heavily pretreated, breast cancer patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Accuracy measurements and improvement for complete characterization of optical pulses from nonlinear processes via multiple spectral-shearing interferometry (2011)

We demonstrate that multiple spectral-shearing interferometry increases the precision and accuracy of measurements of the spectral phase of a complex pulse (time-bandwidth product = 125) arising from self-phase modulation in a gas filled capillary. We verify that the measured interferometric phase is accurate to 0.1 rad across the full bandwidth by checking the consistency between the spectral phases of each individual shear measurement. The accuracy of extracting pulse parameters (group delay dispersion, pulse duration and peak intensity) for single shear measurements were verified to better than 10% by comparison with the multishear reconstruction. High order space-time coupling is quantified across a single transverse dimension, verifying the suitability of such pulses for use in strong field experiments.
Particulate Characteristics for Varying Engine Operation in a Gasoline Spark Ignited, Direct Injection Engine (2011)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">The objective of this research is a detailed investigation of particulate sizing and number count from a spark-ignited, direct-injection (SIDI) engine at different operating conditions. The engine is a 549 [cc] single-cylinder, four-valve engine with a flat-top piston, fueled by Tier II EEE. A baseline engine operating condition, with a low number of particulates, was established and repeatability at this condition was ascertained. This baseline condition is specified as 2000 rpm, 320 kPa IMEP, 280 [°bTDC] end of injection (EOI), and 25 [°bTDC] ignition timing.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">The particle size distributions were recorded for particle sizes between 7 and 289 [nm]. The baseline particle size distribution was relatively flat, around 1E6 [dN/dlogDp], for particle diameters between 7 and 100 [nm], before dropping off to decreasing numbers at larger diameters. Distributions resulting from a matrix of different engine conditions were recorded. These varied parameters include load, air-to-fuel ratio (A/F), spark timing, injection timing, fuel rail pressure, and oil and coolant temperatures. Most conditions resulted with uni-modal type distributions usually with an increase in magnitude of particles in comparison to the baseline, with the exception of lean operation with retarded ignition timing. Further investigation revealed high sensitivity of the particle number and size distribution to changes in the engine control parameters. There was also a high sensitivity of the particle size distributions to small variations in A/F, ignition timing, and EOI. Investigations revealed the possibility of emissions oxidation in the exhaust and engine combustion instability at later EOI timings which therefore ruled out late EOI as the benchmark condition. Attempts to develop this benchmark revealed engine sensitivity to A/F and ignition timing, especially at later EOI operation.</div></div>