gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A wideband printed dipole antenna with optimized tapered feeding balun for ISM and FWA bands (2004)

Abstract This paper presents a wideband printed dipole‐antenna element. The broad bandwidth is achieved by optimization of the feeding network, which is implemented as a microstrip tapered balun. The design is based on double‐sided flat‐dipole implementation. The prototype antenna exhibits a measured impedance bandwidth of 58% (VSWR < 2), operating over the entire 2.4‐GHz ISM and 3.6‐GHz FWA bands. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 43: 437–441, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20495
The Enzymatic Synthesis of Thymidylate (1962)

The formation of thymidine triphosphate in cell-free extracts of Escherichia coli was reported in 1957 to require deoxyuridylate, formaldehyde, dZ,n-tetrahydrofolate, Mg++, and adenosine triphosphate (1). It soon became apparent through use of chromatographic procedures that ATP was not involved in the primary conversion of deoxyuridylate to thymidylate, and that the over-all reaction could be represented as follows.
The Dynamics of Scaling: A Memory-Based Anchor Model of Category Rating and Absolute Identification. (2005)

A memory-based scaling model--ANCHOR--is proposed and tested. The perceived magnitude of the target stimulus is compared with a set of anchors in memory. Anchor selection is probabilistic and sensitive to similarity, base-level strength, and recency. The winning anchor provides a reference point near the target and thereby converts the global scaling problem into a local comparison. An explicit correction strategy determines the final response. Two incremental learning mechanisms update the locations and base-level activations of the anchors. This gives rise to sequential, context, transfer, practice, and other dynamic effects. The scale unfolds as an adaptive map. A hierarchy of models is tested on a battery of quantitative measures from 2 experiments in absolute identification and category rating.
Cold cathodes for HeNe gas lasers (1967)

Aluminum cold cathodes for helium-neon gas laser discharge tubes, giving graphs of pressure and power output vs time
The crystal and molecular structure of sodium uranyl triperoxide (1968)

The crystal structure of sodium uranyl triperoxide nonahydrate, Na4[UO2(O2)3],9H2O, has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, by the heavy-atom method. The main structural feature is the uranyl triperoxide anion consisting of three co-planar peroxide groups equatorially surrounding a linear uranyl group, in approximately D3h symmetry. The mean U–O(uranyl) distance is 1·86, the U–O(peroxide) is 2·28 and the peroxide O–O 1·5 Å. The water molecules are co-ordinated in octahedra around the sodium atoms. The crystals are monoclinic, space group P21/c, a= 6·413, b= 17·292, c= 14·186 Å, β= 98·52°. The i.r. and Raman spectra of this and some related compounds are reported, with tentative assignments.
Introduction (2005)

What are cyborgs? How have they been represented in cinema? And why have they generated such an astonishing degree of critical interest? These are the questions that underpin this book. It asks what relevance the cyborg has in exploring the nature of human identity, questioning our relationship to technology, and speculating on envisaged prospects for the future. It also goes beyond the established territory of other work in the field by not only evaluating the specific qualities of individual texts, but additionally addressing what cyborg films have in common. While numerous books and articles have made reference to the cyborg film, they have failed to evaluate the links they have to one another, acknowledged the development they have undergone over the last twenty years, or attempted to explain the reasons for this transition. Nor have they ventured to account for the cinematic cyborg’s continued appeal, as is testified by the revival of the Terminator franchise with Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines (Jonathan Mostow, 2003), as well as other high-profile releases that similarly explore ‘posthuman’ potential, including the X-Men films (Bryan Singer, 2000, 2003), and the Matrix trilogy (Andy and Larry Wachowski, 1999, 2003). This study is intended to redress such failings by being not only the most up-to-date analysis of cyborgs, and their variants, in film, but also the first to comprehensively assess cyborg cinema as both an important sub-genre of science fiction (SF) and a definitive cycle in its own right.
HOST SELECTION BY THE ADULT CABBAGE MAGGOT, <i>HYLEMYA BRASSICAE</i> (DIPTERA: ANTHOMYIIDAE): EFFECT OF GLUCOSINOLATES AND COMMON NUTRIENTS ON OVIPOSITION (1976)

Abstract In Hylemya brassicae (Bouché) little oviposition occurred when access to host plant material was denied. The mustard oil, allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), stimulated the flies into greater activity and attracted them to its source. Sinigrin and four other glucosinolates (mustard oil glucosides) tested induced oviposition. AITC by itself did not induce, oviposition, but in the presence of a glucosinolate, small concentrations of AITC caused an increase in the number of eggs laid. Glucose, sucrose, casein, wheat germ oil, and a mixture of B-vitamins did not influence oviposition at the concentrations tested, but casein hydrolysate inhibited it. The role of glucosinolates and common nutrients in host selection by H . brassicae is discussed.
Color chemistry syntheses properties and applications of organic dyes and pigments (1987)

Introduction Color of Organic Compounds Polyene and Polymethine Dyes Di- and Triarylmethine Dyes and their Aza Analogues Aza[18]annulenes Nitro and Nitroso Dyes Azo Dyes and Pigments Carbonyl Dyes and Pigments Sulfur Dyes Fluorescent Brighteners Application of Dyes Application of Organic Pigments Photo-, Thermo- and Electrochemical Reactions of Colorants Colorants for Imaging and Data Recording Systems Dyes in Biochemistry, Biology, Medicine, and Analytical Chemistry Ecology and Toxicology of Colorants.
Application of cleaning technology for food industry (2007)

The food processing technologies have got great improvement with the development of industry.It is more and more important to applying cleaning technology in food industry,such as cleaning and disinfect.In this article,applications and characteristics of cleaning technology in food industry were covered.
Antisolvent Crystallization of Polymorphs of <i>L</i>‐Histidine (2018)

Abstract Antisolvent crystallization is the most common method to study solvent effects on polymorphic crystallization. L ‐Histidine ( L ‐his) served as a model substance. Acetonitrile, acetone, and methanol were selected as antisolvents, with water as solvent. The formation of L ‐his polymorphs in antisolvent crystallization as a function of supersaturation, antisolvent volume fraction, and temperature was studied. The solubility of polymorph A of L ‐his decreased with increasing volume fraction of antisolvent and increased with higher temperature. The metastable polymorph B of L ‐his was obtained at higher antisolvent volume fraction and supersaturation. At lower antisolvent volume fraction and supersaturation, a mixture of polymorphs A and B was detected.
Association of Salmonella typhimurium with, and its invasion of, the ileal mucosa in mice (1975)

A wild-type strain of Salmonella typhimurium and three mutant rough colonial variants of the wild type were compared for their ability to become associated with and invade the ileal mucosa of germfree and specific-pathogen-free mice. The rough-mutant strains differed from the wild type in having incomplete lipopolysaccharides lacking one or more sugars in the polysaccharide moiety. The wild-type and mutant strains also differed one from the other in the types of appendages (flagella, pili) on their surfaces. Depending upon the dosage of bacteria given, all mutant strains as well as the wild type could associate with and invade the intestinal mucosa of infected gnotobiotic mice. If the infecting dosage was high enough, at least two of the mutant strains and the wild type invade the intestinal mucosa of the specific-pathogen-free animals. O antigen, flagella, or pili do not appear to be essential for the association of S. typhimurium with the mucosal surface of the mouse ileum. O antigen on the bacterial cell surface may be important, but not essential, for invasion of the ileal mucosa.
FLAIR - user interface dialog design tool (1982)

To aid the system designers in achieving early involvement of the users, FLAIR (a user interface dialog design tool) was conceptualized and developed. FLAIR allows the designer to rapidly prototype a system's Man-Machine Interface. A system designer can select a desired mix of input/output devices ranging from voice to high resolution graphics equipment. FLAIR prompts its users with a dynamic menu according to a pre-defined English-like syntax. Commands are entered by the designer's own voice. Entered commands are validated by voice pattern recognition and command language-gating. Pointing devices are used to locate, place, and/or pick objects from the RAMTEK 9400 25” high-resolution color monitor. The graphics display portion of FLAIR is handled by a Core Standard graphics package. This particular package also fits the specific needs of FLAIR in that it makes available most of the RAMTEK 9400's hardware features. A relational DBMS has been integrated into FLAIR in order to manage system and user-defined data relationships. The user-defined data can be associated with a particular on-screen graphics symbol, and can then be queried at a later time. In addition to single graphics snapshots (or “static frames”), FLAIR allows the system designer to create command menu hierarchies for “dynamic scenarios.” This allows the designer to simulate, through client menu item selection, the system control flow. He can, in effect, create a tree of menus, traverse the tree at will, and select more menus or system actions as desired. All menus appear as sensitized areas on the graphics screen, and can be selected via any of the available input devices. It is estimated that a system designer can greatly improve his dialog design productivity by using FLAIR. The designers need not code any formal programs. The designer need not master the usage of the host computer, the graphic input/output systems, the menu controls, or the database programming before his designs are realized. FLAIR is there to assimilate, assemble, save and exercise his instructed operator dialog.
Evolutionary learning of novel grammars for design improvement (1994)

Abstract This paper focuses on that form of learning that relates to exploration, rather than generalization. It uses the notion of exploration as the modification of state spaces within which search and decision making occur. It demonstrates that the genetic algorithm formalism provides a computational construct to carry out this learning. The process is exemplified using a shape grammar for a beam section. A new shape grammar is learned that produces a new state space for the problem. This new state space has improved characteristics.
Lateral vehicle velocity estimation using fuzzy sliding mode observer (2007)

This paper presents a robust method for estimation the lateral velocity of vehicle. The proposed observer describes a simple structure that contains a sliding mode term which turns out to be robust against output noises and parameters variations as well as sustained disturbances The given nonlinear model of the vehicle is then represented by an uncertain Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model when the road adhesion conditions change and the sideslip angle is unavailable for measurement. After giving the nonlinear model of the vehicle, its representation by a T-S uncertain fuzzy model is discussed. Stability conditions of such observers are expressed in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMI). To illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed design observer, a numerical simulation is given.
Characteristics of UWB propagation through building materials (2006)

UWB system is the one type of several wireless communication that can be used in home networking, which have any probably obstruct by building material. Then the influences of the obstructions are considered. In this paper, the time dispersion and penetration loss are studied. The glass, gypsum, dry wood and partition board are considered the obstruction materials. The channels with these materials are measured in a fully anechoic chamber by using the vector network analyzer. The measurement frequency range is set to be 3-11 GHz, which covered the full band of UWB specified by FCC. The biconical antennas are used for both transmitter and receiver. The time dispersion and penetration loss for each material are evaluated based on the measurement channels. The data of these results is useful for considering the UWB link budget.
European Community Compulsory Licensing Policy: Heresy versus Commen Sense Symposium on European Competition Law (2004)

There is a growing trend to limit the rights of intellectual property owners when the public interest warrants. Until very recently, this phenomenon has been manifested only at a transnational level.1 For example, the World Trade Organization, as recently as November 2001, in its Doha Agreement ("Doha"),2 enabled certain nations of the Asian and African subcontinents to obtain compulsory licenses to manufacture and distribute domestically certain anti-retroviral drugs by declaring a state of national health emergency. Doha raises an intriguing question: if limited intrusions into valuable intellectual property rights may be justified on public health grounds, should not such intrusions into intellectual property also be tolerated, and indeed encouraged, in order to safeguard other public interests, in particular, the maintenance of competition? There is currently a stormy debate on both sides of the Atlantic as to whether compulsory licensing, on antitrust grounds, is an appropriate means of breaking monopolies that owe their existence, to a large extent, to the ownership of valuable intellectual property. In the European Union, the question is not whether the European Commission ("Commission") and European Courts support the notion of compulsory licensing on antitrust grounds, but rather how far these institutions are willing to go to defend competition against the interests of intellectual property owners.
Fight the Fed Model (2003)

The “Fed model” is a popular yardstick for judging whether the stock market is fairly valued. It compares the stock market9s earnings yield to the long-term government bond yield, while more traditional methods evaluate stock market valuation without regard to the level of interest rates. The Fed model is theoretically flawed, as it compares a real number to a nominal number, ignoring the fact that over the long term nominal earnings generally move in tandem with inflation. The crucible for testing a valuation indicator is how well it forecasts long-term returns, and the Fed model fails this test?traditional methods ace it. Lack of predictive ability aside, investors have indeed historically required a higher stock market P/E when nominal interest rates have been lower. This does not imply that the Fed model is valid, rather only that investors have historically followed it, perhaps in error. The relationship of stock and bond market yields is more complicated than conceived by the Fed model, varying systematically with perceptions of long-term stock and bond market risk. Addition of risk to the Fed model solves the puzzle of why stocks outperformed bonds for the first half of the 20th century, but have underperformed bonds since.
Distributed infrared biometric sensing for lightweight human identification systems (2010)

This paper reports the findings of a new distributed infrared biometric sensing approach in lightweight human identification. Pyroelectric infrared (PIR) sensor arrays are employed in infrared biometric sensing while the vector quantization (VQ) based algorithm is developed for identifying walkers in the context of the path-constrained walking. The main contribution of this paper is twofold. First, a distributed sensing structure is used to organize two modules of PIR sensor arrays for capturing walkers' biometric characteristics. The advantage of using the distributed sensing paradigm is that the synergistic motion patterns of upper- and -lower limbs can be encoded and thus the more discriminative features can be decoded accordingly. This is the new consideration of using PIR sensors in building a lightweight biometric sensing system. Second, VQ is introduced in modeling the features of the episodes of walkers' limb movement with code books, which contributes to performance improvement in human identification. Experimental studies are conducted to validate the proposed method.
Implications of Manipulations of Soil Quality on the Growth of European Buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica) in a Greenhouse (2016)

European buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica L.) is an invasive shrub that is capable of changing the nitrogen content of a soil through the deposition of its nitrogen rich leaf litter. This change creates conditions that may favor recolonizing by buckthorn and negatively affect the growth of native plants. In this greenhouse experiment, we examined the effect of altering soil quality by adding mulch comprised of buckthorn wood on above and belowground biomass, stem length and leaf production of buckthorn saplings. We found that buckthorn saplings planted in buckthorn mulch had reduced stem length and leaf production compared to growth in control sites. Extrapolating from these results we suggest that amending soils in sites set aside for biodiversity conservation and restoration may result in reduced growth of this invasive shrub.
Nursing intervention to enhance acceptance of pregnancy in first‐time mothers: Focusing on the comfortable experiences of pregnant women (2010)

Nursing intervention can aid in enhancing positivity and comfort in pregnant women. Furthermore, this nursing intervention can be applied to adolescents, socially disadvantaged pregnant women, and hospitalized women.
A rat mammary tumor model induced by the organophosphorous pesticides parathion and malathion, possibly through acetylcholinesterase inhibition. (2001)

Environmental chemicals may be involved in the etiology of breast cancers. Many studies have addressed the association between cancer in humans and agricultural pesticide exposure. Organophosphorous pesticides have been used extensively to control mosquito plagues. Parathion and malathion are organophosphorous pesticides extensively used to control a wide range of sucking and chewing pests of field crops, fruits, and vegetables. They have many structural similarities with naturally occurring compounds, and their primary target of action in insects is the nervous system; they inhibit the release of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase at the synaptic junction. Eserine, parathion, and malathion are cholinesterase inhibitors responsible for the hydrolysis of body choline esters, including acetylcholine at cholinergic synapses. Atropine, a parasympatholytic alkaloid, is used as an antidote to acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. The aim of this study was to examine whether pesticides were able to induce malignant transformation of the rat mammary gland and to determine whether alterations induced by these substances increase the cholinergic activation influencing such transformation. These results showed that eserine, parathion, and malathion increased cell proliferation of terminal end buds of the 44-day-old mammary gland of rats, followed by formation of 8.6, 14.3, and 24.3% of mammary carcinomas, respectively, after about 28 months. At the same time, acetylcholinesterase activity decreased in the serum of these animals from 9.78 +/- 0.78 U/mL in the control animals to 3.05 +/- 0.06 U/mL; 2.57 +/- 0.15 U/mL; and 3.88 +/- 0.44 U/mL in the eserine-, parathion-, and malathion-treated groups, respectively. However, atropine alone induced a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the acetylcholinesterase activity from the control value of 9.78 +/- 0.78 to 4.38 +/- 0.10 for atropine alone, to 1.32 +/- 0.06 for atropine in combination with eserine, and 2.39 +/- 0.29 for atropine with malathion, and there was no mammary tumor formation. These results indicate that organophosphorous pesticides induce changes in the epithelium of mammary gland influencing the process of carcinogenesis, and such alterations occur at the level of nervous system by increasing the cholinergic stimulation.
The Second Amendment and the historiography of the Bill of Rights (1993)

That there is controversy surrounding interpretation of second amendment, or any provision of Bill of Rights, is hardly surprising. While disputes relating to first, fourth and remaining amendments focus upon their detailed application, conflict over second amendment concerns question of its very subject matter. One school of thought contends that second amendment protects a collective right, a narrow guarantee of a state right to maintain organized reserve military units. This interpretation emphasized phrase A well regulated militia being necessary to a free state, and maintains that subsequent recognition of people's right to bear arms is a mere restatement of this collective (i.e., state) right. The other school of thought contends that amendment recognizes an individual right to possess and use arms. This interpretation emphasizes phrase the right of people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed, and maintains that preceding description of militia (i.e., all individuals capable of arms bearing) is a mere explanation of one objective of this guarantee. The works of neither school entertain possibility that an either/or test may be a gross oversimplification of what are in fact two different sets of constitutional priorities.
Dimension psychoaffective des enfants présentant des troubles des apprentissages et effets de la sensibilisation par la simulation en classe en ergothérapie (2021)

Les enfants ayant des troubles d'apprentissage (TA) montrent une moindre estime de soi et des difficultes les conduisant plus souvent a l'echec scolaire. Avoir confiance en soi c’est aussi avoir confiance en l’autre et grandir dans un cadre secure, d’ou l’importance d’axer l’intervention sur l’environnement humain. La sensibilisation par la simulation est la seule modalite intervenant sur l’environnement « classe ». Le but de l'etude est d’identifier si elle a un impact sur la dimension psychoaffective (DPA) des enfants presentant des TA. 80 reponses d’un questionnaire adresse a des ergotherapeutes en pediatrie ont ete traitees par une analyse lexicale de frequence et statistique. Un test d'interdependance, le Khi 2, a ete realise pour etudier la correlation des effets de la sensibilisation en classe sur 10 facteurs de la DPA. 21 ergotherapeutes ont repondu faire de la sensibilisation en classe sans lien de dependance avec leur structure de travail, et pour les trois quarts c’est de leur initiative. Un impact benefique significatif a ete percu sur 7 facteurs de la DPA : relations sociales, confiance en soi, sentiment d’efficacite, motivation externe, acceptation du sentiment de difference et gestion des emotions. La sensibilisation en classe n’est pas systematique mais tend a se developper. Son utilisation semble soutenir la construction de la DPA des enfants presentant des TA. De futures recherches pourraient s’interroger a plus large echelle sur l’utilisation de ce type d’intervention et questionner directement les enfants et leurs environnements humains sur les effets, en questionner d’autres, et interroger la collaboration professionnelle dans cette intervention.
Cancer (2018)

An account is given of the types of cancer that affect bone and of how they might be recognized in the skeleton. As today, in the past, too, people experienced a variety of neoplastic growths of the skeleton that can be seen in their remains. These included primary tumors of bone and secondary tumors of bone. Diagnosis involves comparison with patterns that can be seen in modern populations through both gross macroscopic observation and X‐ray imaging.