gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Scheduling input-buffered multicast ATM switch (2002)

Output contention resolution is a fundamental issue of ATM switch design. Output contention is much more severe in multicasting compared to the unicast counterpart. Previous studies have found that the cell loss probability of multicasting is slightly lower than unicasting. That is mainly because the effective cell arrival rate is reduced when the output load is kept unchanged. The performance of an ATM switch is dictated by the queueing discipline and the contention resolution strategy. In this paper, we present a distributed, reservation based scheduling algorithm in which a virtual queue is maintained for each virtual path/circuit. The scheduling is done on a frame by frame basis. While the input ports are transmitting cells according to the schedule of the current frame, the next frame schedule is computed. The proposed method substantially outperforms the other methods in the moderate to high load region.
Navigating using 360° Panoramic Video : Design Challenges and Implications (2017)

In recent years, technological developments have led to the emergence of 360°. Google Street Map has provided panoramic imagery for a number of years, where users can immerse themselves and pan around in scenarios and follow streets of their liking, familiarizing and navigating themselves with the location. However, this service supports neither video nor moving imagery. This paper explores the use of 360° panoramic videos as a navigation aid on two different platforms as well as consider more subjective perspectives from potential users. The study is conducted through a set of interviews and a focus group where the findings reveal a number of design challenges concerning the development of a navigational system based on 360° panoramic videos. Based on these findings, design challenges are presented and later summarized as three design recommendations; 1) Design for navigation in a panoramic scenery, 2) Support overview and traditional navigation, 3) Support custom tailored features and content. The studies also suggest that the use of a head-mounted display (HMD) increase the feeling of presence which is beneficial for navigational purposes however, the users in this study preferred the mobile device based on practicality.
Microconfinement effect on gas barrier and mechanical properties of multilayer rigid/soft thermoplastic polyurethane films (2015)

ABSTRACT In this article, rigid/soft thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) films were produced via layer‐multiplying co‐extrusion and the effect of confinement on morphology and gas barrier and mechanical properties is studied. The soft TPU, which is 52% hard‐segment, shows phase separation, while the rigid, 100% hard‐segment TPU exhibits amorphous structures. Even though the viscosity ratio of the two TPUs is over 10 and the elasticity ratio around 100, optical and atomic force microscopies show that a multilayer structure was successfully achieved. Then, the multilayer TPU films were uni‐axially stretched to different amounts of deformations, from 0% to 300%. DSC and WAXS results show that microconfinement occurs during orientation, which causes a significant reduction in oxygen permeability of multilayer TPU films, when stretched at 75%, by comparison to the mono and bi‐layer TPU. The dependence of gas barrier properties on temperature and deformation was also investigated, and a 100% improvement in elongation at break was found when compared to films of the rigid TPU. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132 , 41849.
Sleep Stage Characteristics of Long and Short Sleepers (1970)

The possibility of different sleep stage characteristics being associated with different sleep lengths was explored by comparing two groups of high school seniors, who characteristically slept 6(1/2) hours or less or who slept 8(1/2) hours or more, with an age-matched control group not selected on the basis of sleep length. All-night electroencephalography was used to examine the sleep stage characteristics of these groups. Compared with the unselected age-matched group, the short sleepers showed no significant diminution in their stage 4 (deep) or rapid eye movement (dream) sleep. The long sleepers were observed to obtain significantly more rapid eye movement sleep than did the other groups.
Using semantic knowledge for transaction processing (serializability, compatible, performance, recovery mechanisms) (1985)

New methods of concurrency control that utilize the semantics of an application to improve performance have been proposed in recent years. In this thesis we study one of these mechanisms. After presenting the details of the mechanism, we compare it, via a simu- lation, to a conventional two phase locking strategy. The goal of such comparison is to determine the conditions under which the higher complexity and overhead of the application dependent mech- anism pays off. Although the results presented are specific to the two selected mechanisms, we believe they provide insight into the opera- tion of other application dependent mechanisms. The specifics of the semantic knowledge mechanism, and the algorithms used, are based on the original work that appears in Garc . We believe that those algorithms are not optimal, and we therefore also propose and study some modifications for improvement.
To take full advantage of the ideas in Garc , it is necessary that we understand when two transactions are semantically compatible, i.e., when are they allowed to freely interleave their execution steps without violating data consistency. We also study in this thesis different aspects concerning the compatibility of transactions.
Finally, we present an application of our mechanism that will help to manage long lived transactions (LLT). This application shows that for the cases when a large percentage of the transactions in the
system are compatible with the executing LLTs, the performance of the system improves greatly.
('(DAG))This material is based upon work partially supported by the National Science Foundation under grants ECS-8303146 and ECS-8351616.
Protected system of radio control of unmanned aerial vehicle (2016)

The modeling of the process of creating control data flow from the real equipment of unmanned aerial vehicle radio control has been held as a period of video impulses with pulse-width modulation with subsequent turning them into a single digital stream with its passage through the block encryption algorithm of Standard 28147-2009. The effect of the control signal delay through cryptographic transformation to the emergence of dynamic and fluctuating errors during simulated flight of drones in conditions contiguous to the real ones was experimentally investigated. The developed model can be used to study the effectiveness of information protection in the channel of drone's management.
노인이 인식한 죽음의 의미와 준비에 관한 문화기술적 탐색 사례연구 (1997)

본 연구는 노인의 죽음 체험을 탐색한 문화기술지이다. 죽음의 체험은 노인이 자신의 죽음에 부여하는 의미와, 이에 따라 노인이 자신의 죽음을 가꾸어 가는 노정에 초점을 두고 파악하고자 하였다. 인류학적 현지조사는 남원군의 한 동족마을에서 1990년 1월부터 1997년 7월까지 3회로 나누어 집중적으로 실시하였으며, 자료수집 기법은 참여관찰과 심층면접을 적용하였다. 집중조사에 참여한 주제보자는 환갑을 지난 12명의 노인들이었으며, 사회조사 자료는 마을 행정자들로부터 수집하였다. 수집된 자료는 반영적 질적분석 기법과 Spradley의 분류분석 기법을 비롯한 신문화 기술적 분석기법을 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구주제에 영향을 미치는 마을의 사회문화적 특성은 집단성과 이원적 구조, 위계성, 및 호혜성이며, 이 행위규칙들은 직계확대와 장계직계확대의 원리에 따라 확산된다. 연구지역 노인들은 이원구조와 삼원구조의 세계관을 동시에 지니고 있고, 이 세계관에 따라 자신의 죽음에 의미를 부여한다. 이원구조의 세계관은 조상/자손의 세계, 이승/저승의 세계, 전생/이생의 세계로 구성된다. 삼원구조의 세계관은 전생/현생/후생의 세계로 구성된다. 노인들에게 죽음의 의미는 형체가 흩어져 존재가 비존재화 하는 사건이며, 다른 세계로 삶의 장을 이동하는 기점이다. 이 이동은 보다 구체적으로 사후 저승 세계로의 전환, 조상세계로의 승격, 묘터로의 수평 이동, 전생으로의 회귀, 후생으로의 계승을 의미한다. 노인들은 흩어져 사라질 것에 대한 두려움을 극복하고 죽음에 대처하기 위하여 죽음을 이야기로 표현하고, 욕심을 다스려 생애 대한 애착에서 벗어난다. 또한 죽음 후의 세계를 상정하고, 이 세계로의 이동을 위하여 한과 응어리를 풀어 인연을 정리하고, 조상과 자손으로 정체감을 이산하여 존재의 영속을 꾀하며, 묘자리를 정하고 관리하면서 죽음의 행장을 차린다. 이 연구 결과는 민간돌봄 체계에 부합하는 전문간호 체계를 확립하는데 기초자료가 될 수 있을 것이다.
Improving Action Classifiers with Depth (2011)

The detection and classification of human activities and gestures in video clips has been a popular research topic during the last years.Lately, 3D data has proven to facilitate this task.In addition, the recent availability of depth sensors in normal products has produced many interesting applications for that research.In this thesis, we use depth and video information from a Microsoft Kinect device in a Hough-voting framework designed for action recognition.The depth information appears to be an invaluable addition to the set of conventional image features, if available for training and testing.However, the goal of this thesis is to use 3D data during training of the classifier, but test it on 2D data only.For the purpose of experimentation and evaluation, different datasets have been recorded with the Kinect.We present several modifications to the original Hough framework.In a first scenario, an attempt to imitate the depth information is made.The results of two different approaches show that depth imitation fails to considerably improve the average classification performance.In the second scenario, a more refined approach to regularize the training process of random decision trees using depth is adopted.The effects of this balanced use of depth data and normal image data look quite promising.Further, the use of depth as a means of image segmentation is examined.Aside from that, reconstruction of depth images from 2D data is intended and partially realized.The evaluations of those modifications reach the conclusion that depth information is useful, even if only used for training the action classifier.However, it had to be recognized that the results are solely based on self-recorded datasets, making a fair comparison to other work impossible. List of Tables4.1 Overview over the selected feature channels distribution . . . . . . . . . .
Interaction between counter-propagating quantum Hall edge channels in the 3D topological insulator <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msub><mml:mi>BiSbTeSe</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math> (2017)

The quantum Hall effect is studied in the topological insulator ${\mathrm{BiSbTeSe}}_{2}$. By employing top- and back-gate electric fields at high magnetic field, the Landau levels of the Dirac cones in the top and bottom topological surface states can be tuned independently. When one surface is tuned to the electron-doped side of the Dirac cone and the other surface to the hole-doped side, the quantum Hall edge channels are counter-propagating. The opposite edge mode direction, combined with the opposite helicities of top and bottom surfaces, allows for scattering between these counter-propagating edge modes. The total Hall conductance is expected to be integer valued only when the scattering is strong. For weaker interaction, a noninteger quantum Hall effect is expected and indications for this effect are measured.
Care and the Extension of Markets (2002)

Many activities formerly not in the market are being “marketized,” and women's labor is increasingly in the market. I consider the grounds on which to decide what should and what should not be “in” the market. I distinguish work that is paid from work done under “market norms,” and argue that market values should not have priority in education, childcare, healthcare, and many other activities. I suggest that a feminist ethics of care is more promising than Kantian ethics or utilitarianism for recommending social decisions concerning limits on markets.
Adaptive color enhancement based on multi-scaled Retinex using local contrast of the input image (2010)

Methods of contrast enhancement and color correction are currently among the most active fields in imaging research. The tone curve or histogram of an image is generally used to improve contrast and detail, even though this is often unsatisfactory because the intensity and chromaticity of the illumination vary with geometric position. This has led to the development of the multi-scaled Retinex algorithm in which the in fluence of non-uniform illumination is reduced by partitioning the original image using local average images that are estimated based on Gaussian filtering. However, this algorithm produces color distortion because of the dominant chromaticity of the illumination. To solve this problem, this study introduces a new color correction method for digital images inspired by the multi-scale Retinex algorithm. The method includes selecting appropriate parameters for the Gaussian filters because this is the most important factor in reducing the artifacts introduced by the conventional multi-scale Retinex algorithm. Measures of visual contrast and halo are used to check the condition of artifacts for different values of the Gaussian parameters. The illuminant component is estimated to correct its chromaticity. A saturation compensation method based on preserving the chroma ratio is also used to compensate for the possible lack of saturation resulting from the modified multi-scale Retinex model.
Early Begetational Recovery and Species Diversity of Pine Forest after Fire in Mt. Todok (1991)

The early vegetational recovery and species diversity were investigaed in burned pine forest of Mt. Todoksn from 1986 to 1990. The changes of vegetation in the burned site occurred Miscanthus→Miscanthus-Lespedeza→Lespedeza community. The biological spectra based on SD(%) and SP(%) of the burned site were similar to the unburned site with H---e type. The degree of succession(DS) was gradually increased with succession in burned site. The species diversity index(H') and evenness index(e) were declining successional trend, nut dominance index(C) inclining successional trend in the burned site. The domiance-diversity curves of the burned site showed gradual decrease in diversity and evenness, and then slopes of them were progressively steep in early successional stage.
Real‐Time Defocus Rendering With Level of Detail and Sub‐Sample Blur (2013)

Abstract This paper presents a GPU‐based rendering algorithm for real‐time defocus blur effects, which significantly improves the accumulation buffering. The algorithm combines three distinctive techniques: (1) adaptive discrete geometric level of detail (LOD), made popping‐free by blending visibility samples across the two adjacent geometric levels; (2) adaptive visibility/shading sampling via sample reuse; (3) visibility supersampling via height‐field ray casting. All the three techniques are seamlessly integrated to lower the rendering cost of smooth defocus blur with high visibility sampling rates, while maintaining most of the quality of brute‐force accumulation buffering.
32K read-only-memory chip design in Josephson technology: a feasibility study (1986)

The results of a feasibility study of a 32K read-only-memory (ROM) chip design in Josephson technology are presented. Operating principles and design criteria used for the Josephson ROM (J-ROM) chip components, such as the memory cell, the sense bus, multiplexers, and the complement address generation circuits, are described. The various design constraints on the chip components imposed by the requirement for high speed, high density, high design-limited yield, and wide operating margins, in conjunction with system aspects, are also shown and discussed in detail. The impact of different ROM chip architectures on the memory performance and chip size is then estimated based on preliminary computer simulations.
Geometric Requirements for Uniform Current Densities at Surface-Conductive Insulators or Resistive Electrodes (1962)

The conditions for practically uniform current densities in the presence of ohmic potential drops along electrode surfaces are established for several configurations. Perfectly uniform current flow lines in the electrolyte can be obtained within limited ranges, with electrodes having cylindrical surfaces traced by Eq. [9], or be closely approximated with electrodes in the form of parabolic cylindrical or paraboloid segments traced by Eq. [11] or [20] or [22]. For practically uniform current densities at either curved or flat electrodes, the areas must be limited to narrow bands, rings, or small circles, as indicated in Fig. 2 or by Eq. [38], [49], [68], or [92]. For identical flat narrow‐band electrodes perpendicular to the cell walls, a mirror‐symmetric arrangement of external current‐collecting contacts is shown to require a fourfold larger minimum electrode spacing than a line‐symmetric arrangement.
First-generation holographic, grazing-incidence gratings for use in converging, extreme-ultraviolet light beams (1995)

We present two holographic recording solutions that produce gratings suitable for use at grazing incidence in the extreme ultraviolet. The rulings are formed when the interference pattern of two spherical wave fronts is recorded on a planar substrate. Each grating is designed to minimize or eliminate the dominant aberration terms in order to maximize the spectral and spatial resolution of the system. In the first design, the dominant astigmatism term in a power-series expansion of the light path function is eliminated; in the second design, the dominant comatic terms are minimized. Each grating is placed directly in a converging light beam at grazing incidence to provide high system efficiency in the extreme ultraviolet. The aberration control afforded by both recording solutions is excellent, providing detector-limited spatial and spectral resolution over much of the usable bandpass. Furthermore, the aberration control is maintained over a wide range of beam speeds and off-axis angles, thereby outperforming conventional varied line-space gratings for use in the extreme ultraviolet. We discuss the methodology used to develop the recording solutions, model and compare the performance of the gratings, and discuss possible space-based applications for these gratings.
Development of Molecular Markers Linked to Cladosporium fulvum Resistant Gene Cf-6 in Tomato by RAPD and SSR Methods (2007)

Leaf mold, caused by the fungus Cladosporium fulvum, is a serious disease of tomato. In the current study, the main physiological races of C. fulvum collected from three northeastern provinces of China were identified using a set of identification hosts. The results showed that the prevalent pathogenic physiological races were 1.2.3, 1.3, 3, 1.2.3.4, and 1.2.4. F 1 , F 2 , and BC 1 tomato plants were obtained by crossing C. fulvum- resistant cultivar 03748 carrying the Cf-6 gene and susceptible cultivar 03036. Three 10-mer oligonucleotide random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers and two simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers were selected for the further molecular marking analysis after 210 RAPD primers and 50 SSR primers were screened using the bulked segregate analysis method. The polymorphic DNA bands were amplified among parents, 10 F 1 plants, 184 F 2 plants including 145 resistant plants and 39 sensitive plants using three RAPD primers and two SSR primers so that three RAPD molecular markers and two SSR molecular markers linked to the Cf-6 loci were identified. Three RAPD markers were linked to the Cf-6 resistant locus separated with 8.7 cM, 20.3 cM, and 33.4 cM. Also, one RAPD codominant marker S374 619/559 was found. The locations of the two SSR markers were 12.6 cM and 9.7 cM away from the Cf-6 locus. After cloning and sequencing two specific DNA fragments closely connected to the Cf-6 resistant and susceptible alleles respectively, in the RAPD codominant marker S374 619/559 and one codominant sequence characterized amplified region marker S674 619/559 was converted from RAPD marker S374 619/559 . In the RAPD marker S374 619/559 , the length difference of two specific fragments, 619-bp fragment and 559-bp fragment, is the result of one insertion (60 bp) in the 619-bp fragment. These markers will facilitate the selection of resistant tomato germplasm containing the Cf-6 gene and cloning of Cf-6 to breed new C. fulvum resistant tomato cultivars.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Hypoglycemia Symptoms Improved with Diet Modification (2016)

Observational evidence suggests that a relationship may exist between high glycemic index diets and the development of anxiety and depression symptoms; however, as no interventional studies assessing this relationship in a psychiatric population have been completed, the possibility of a causal link is unclear. AB is a 15-year-old female who presented with concerns of generalized anxiety disorder and hypoglycemia symptoms. Her diet consisted primarily of refined carbohydrates. The addition of protein, fat, and fiber to her diet resulted in a substantial decrease in anxiety symptoms as well as a decrease in the frequency and severity of hypoglycemia symptoms. A brief return to her previous diet caused a return of her anxiety symptoms, followed by improvement when she restarted the prescribed diet. This case strengthens the hypothesis that dietary glycemic index may play a role in the pathogenesis or progression of mental illnesses such as generalized anxiety disorder and subsequently that dietary modification as a therapeutic intervention in the treatment of mental illness warrants further study.
Digestibility of proteins of the histological components of cooked and raw rice (1984)

The aleurone layer, grain coat and embryo which constitute rice bran are rich in vitamins, lipids, protein and lysine compared with the endosperm (milled rice). A method was developed to measure the in vitro protein digestibility of raw and cooked brown rice and their histological components. The protein digestibility of cooked endosperm by the in vitro method agreed with that of other workers using in vivo techniques. The protein digestibility of the aleurone layer and grain coat from raw rice was only 25% but increased to 65% from cooked rice, due to disruption of the cellulosic cell walls at 100 degrees, which was shown by electron microscopy. The decreased protein digestibility due to cooking was not the result of formation of epsilon-lysyl-gamma-glutamyl isopeptide cross-links, but may be due to formation of a cystine-rich core that is resistant to proteases. The protein digestibility of cooked brown rice was approximately the same as that of cooked milled rice, hence it is advantageous for those for whom rice is a staple food to consume brown rather than milled rice.
Aluminum Substitution in Rutile Titanium Dioxide:  New Constraints from High-Resolution<sup>27</sup>Al NMR (2007)

The substitution of aluminum oxide into rutile (TiO2) has major effects on crystal growth, cation diffusivity, and conductivity and, critical for its widespread application as a white pigment, inhibits photocatalytic activity. High-field, high-resolution 27Al NMR provides unique constraints on the type and concentrations of several Al sites in rutile. For samples ranging from about 0.2 to 1 wt % Al2O3, annealed at 1000−1500 °C, Al in ordered, isolated octahedra (Ti sites) can be quantified. At the higher concentrations, Al in other disordered octahedral sites becomes predominant and may be due to both Ti sites with Al neighbors and to interstitials. The NMR line shape of this disordered component resembles that of Al2TiO5, for which new data are also presented. In all rutile samples, significant concentrations of Al in four-coordinated sites (and possibly in five-coordinated sites) are detected. In samples doped with equimolar Nb2O5, Al in isolated Ti sites is predominant at all concentrations. Temperature has only minor effects on relative concentrations of Al species, but strongly affects total solubility. In samples with excess or exsolved α-Al2O3 (corundum), solubility at 1200 °C is 0.56 ± 0.04 wt % and at 1000 °C is 0.23 ± 0.02 wt %.