gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
QSDN-WISE: A New QoS-Based Routing Protocol for Software-Defined Wireless Sensor Networks (2019)

Today, a wide variety of applications with different requirements are rapidly developed in industrial wireless sensor networks, and providing the Quality of Service (QoS) for this kind of communication network is inevitable. It is difficult to solve the problems of poor adaptability and difficulty in the implementation of the QoS-based network configuration and management in traditional network architecture. We present a hierarchical software-defined network architecture for wireless sensor networks, which makes the complex network management possible and the system more adaptable. Furthermore, we propose a QoS-based routing protocol, called QSDN-WISE, which consists of a clustering algorithm, a routing algorithm, and local network maintenance. A double-cluster head-based uneven clustering algorithm, called DCHUC, avoids the energy hole phenomenon and reduces the workload of a single cluster head. The centralized QSDN-WISE routing algorithm constructs two heterogeneous forwarding paths for nodes, which meets the requirements for different data levels. Local network maintenance reduces the number of control messages in the network. The simulation results indicate that the QSDN-WISE can provide the QoS support for data with different requirements, balance the network energy consumption, and prolong the network's lifetime.
Estimating the Number of Clusters in Multivariate Data by Self-Organizing Maps (1999)

Determining the structure of data without prior knowledge of the number of clusters or any information about their composition is a problem of interest in many fields, such as image analysis, astrophysics, biology, etc. Partitioning a set of n patterns in a p-dimensional feature space must be done such that those in a given cluster are more similar to each other than the rest. As there are approximately Kn/K! possible ways of partitioning the patterns among K clusters, finding the best solution is very hard when n is large. The search space is increased when we have no a priori number of partitions. Although the self-organizing feature map (SOM) can be used to visualize clusters, the automation of knowledge discovery by SOM is a difficult task. This paper proposes region-based image processing methods to post-processing the U-matrix obtained after the unsupervised learning performed by SOM. Mathematical morphology is applied to identify regions of neurons that are similar. The number of regions and their labels are automatically found and they are related to the number of clusters in a multivariate data set. New data can be classified by labeling it according to the best match neuron. Simulations using data sets drawn from finite mixtures of p-variate normal densities are presented as well as related advantages and drawbacks of the method.
A Deep Learning based Illegal Parking Detection Platform (2019)

Illegal parking is a critical problem in large, growing cities. Currently, the responsibility for detecting illegally parked vehicles has been left to law enforcement, which often requires manual inspection. To improve the efficiency of law enforcement for vehicle parking management, we propose a web-based analytic platform that leverages recent advancements in computer vision. This proposed platform provides an algorithm to improve the performance of detecting vehicle license plates from videos, based on an existing deep learning approach. Also, we provide a method to estimate vehicle parking locations. This platform is applicable for videos of security patrolling. End-users can define restricted zones via a map-based interface and all vehicles located in these areas can be efficiently identified once patrolling videos are received. This system is evaluated by two videos captured in real-world parking lots. The results indicate that the proposed platform can successfully identify vehicle plate numbers and estimate their parking locations to support the management of urban parking infrastructure.
Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Spectroscopic Studies of Amorphous Tetraglyme (CH<sub>3</sub>O(CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>4</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>) and Tetraglyme:LiCF<sub>3</sub>SO<sub>3</sub> Structures (2001)

Systems of poly(ethylene oxide) with dissolved inorganic salts are used as solid polymer electrolytes in high energy density batteries. Amorphous tetraglyme [CH3O(CH2CH2O)4CH3], a model for amorphous PEO, and tetraglyme:LiCF3SO3 (lithium triflate) with an ether oxygen:Li+ ratio of 10:1 were studied by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations at 300 and 400 K. Conformational and structural analyses of Li+ interactions with tetraglyme and triflate ion oxygens are consistent with decreased Li+ coordination by tetraglyme and increased ionic aggregation at the higher temperature. Dihedral angle population density distributions for tetraglyme chains show that the trans conformation is favored for C−O bonds while the more compact gauche conformation is favored for C−C bonds and is enforced by coordination of adjacent oxygens to Li+. Calculated populations of tetraglyme conformational triads indicate that the most stable conformation around Li+-tetraglyme oxygens is tgt. Mean-square radius of gyration and end-to-end distance of pure tetraglyme chains decrease with increasing temperature and upon Li+-tetraglyme oxygen complexation, but increase at 400 vs 300 K for tetraglyme:LiCF3SO3. The calculated Li+ coordination number remains the same with increasing temperature, but triflate ions contribute more oxygens to Li+ coordination at 400 K (4.8) than at 300 K (4.6). The MD-derived populations of Li+-CF3SO3- associated species are compared with vibrational spectral data. The increase in populations of [Li2CF3SO3]+ and [Li3CF3SO3]2+ from both MD simulations and IR data implies that Li+-CF3SO3- association is increased at higher temperature. Monodentate and bidentate coordination geometries of Li+ by CF3SO3- were found. The increase in monodentate coordination of Li+ by CF3SO3- at the higher temperature frees Li+ to bridge between different CF3SO3- ions.
Optimized Design of the SGA-WZ Strapdown Airborne Gravimeter Temperature Control System (2015)

The temperature control system is one of the most important subsystems of the strapdown airborne gravimeter. Because the quartz flexible accelerometer based on springy support technology is the core sensor in the strapdown airborne gravimeter and the magnet steel in the electromagnetic force equilibrium circuits of the quartz flexible accelerometer is greatly affected by temperature, in order to guarantee the temperature control precision and minimize the effect of temperature on the gravimeter, the SGA-WZ temperature control system adopts a three-level control method. Based on the design experience of the SGA-WZ-01, the SGA-WZ-02 temperature control system came out with a further optimized design. In 1st level temperature control, thermoelectric cooler is used to conquer temperature change caused by hot weather. The experiments show that the optimized stability of 1st level temperature control is about 0.1 °C and the max cool down capability is about 10 °C. The temperature field is analyzed in the 2nd and 3rd level temperature control using the finite element analysis software ANSYS. The 2nd and 3rd level temperature control optimization scheme is based on the foundation of heat analysis. The experimental results show that static accuracy of SGA-WZ-02 reaches 0.21 mGal/24 h, with internal accuracy being 0.743 mGal/4.8 km and external accuracy being 0.37 mGal/4.8 km compared with the result of the GT-2A, whose internal precision is superior to 1 mGal/4.8 km and all of them are better than those in SGA-WZ-01.
Computational Learning & Cognition: Proceedings of the Third NEC Research Symposium (1993)

Top scientists in the areas of computational learning theory, artificial intelligence, machine learning, cognitive science, and neural networks give in-depth discussions of their views.
Phase II Evaluation of Sorafenib in Advanced and Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck: Southwest Oncology Group Study S0420 (2010)

Sorafenib was well tolerated. Although response was poor, progression-free and overall survival times compare favorably with previous Southwest Oncology Group, phase II, single-agent trials.
Carbamazepine Adjunct for Nonresponsive Psychosis with Prior Hallucinogenic Abuse (1989)

Some patients diagnosed as schizophrenic report persistent polymodal hallucinosis following a period of extensive hallucinogenic drug abuse unrelieved by the usual antipsychotic drugs. In this open study, carbamazepine (Tegretol, an anticonvulsant) was administered to three patients with polymodal hallucinosis which had failed to diminish on antipsychotic drugs alone. All three patients showed a marked to complete reduction in symptomatology.
Lipase-Catalyzed Reactions for Modification of fats and other Lipids (1990)

Applications of lipase-catalyzed reactions, such as hydrolysis of fats for the production of fatty acids and esterification or interesterification of fats and other lipids for the preparation of diverse products in food and non-food industries, are reviewed. At present, the application of lipases in biotechnological processes seems to be economically feasible and appropriate mainly for the preparation of specific products of high commercial value, which cannot be prepared conveniently by chemical synthesis. For example, polyunsaturated fatty acids that can be used in dietetic products are prepared under mild conditions by hydrolysis of marine oils and certain plant oils with non-specific triacylglycerol lipases. Very long chain monounsaturated fatty acids (gadoleic, erucic and nervonic) that are of value in oleochemical industry can be prepared by partial hydrolysis of cruciferous oils with sn-1,3-specific lipases. Lipase-catalyzed esterification yields a variety of products, such as monoacylglycerols that are used as emulsifiers, and wax esters resembling jojoba oil which is used in cosmetics industry. Interesterification of fats with sn-1,3-specinc lipases affords specialty products, such as cocoa butter substitutes which are used in confectionary products and medium chain triacylglycerols that can be used in dietetic products. Phospholipase-catalyzed exchange of acyl moieties or bases of glycerophos-pholipids yields several products of biomedical interest.
Isolation of the native form of chicken gizzard myosin light-chain kinase (1984)

A simple and rapid procedure for the purification of the native form of chicken gizzard myosin light-chain kinase (Mr 136000) is described which eliminates problems of proteolysis previously encountered. During this procedure, a calmodulin-binding protein of Mr 141000, which previously co-purified with the myosin light-chain kinase, is removed and shown to be a distinct protein on the basis of lack of kinase activity, different chymotryptic peptide maps, lack of cross-reactivity with a monoclonal antibody to turkey gizzard myosin light-chain kinase, and lack of phosphorylation by the purified catalytic subunit of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase. This Mr-141000 calmodulin-binding protein is identified as caldesmon on the basis of Ca2+-dependent interaction with calmodulin, subunit Mr, Ca2+-independent interaction with skeletal-muscle F-actin, Ca2+-dependent competition between calmodulin and F-actin for caldesmon, and tissue content.
Analog MOS circuit design for reconfigurable fuzzy logic controller (2003)

An analog fuzzy controller circuit design for control applications is presented in this paper. The analog fuzzy logic controller (FLC) consists of three main cells: membership function circuits (MFC), fuzzy inference circuit (FIC) and defuzzification circuit (DFC). Each cell is partly described by its input-output behavior, schematic structure and its circuit layout. Several lowest hierarchical cells are laid out, which could be combined to perform larger cells. Those larger ones are then used as standard-cells to design and layout the larger cells and the overall FLC circuit. This approach proposes bottom-up design, and it makes the desired circuit easy to reconfigure to suit a targeted application. This paper presents a project to design analog fuzzy logic controller chips using methods resembling standard-cell-like techniques as in digital integrated circuit design technology.
Nerve Graft Prefabrication: Preliminary Study (2008)

This study aimed to produce prefabricated nerve graft as effective as autologous nerve graft without donor site morbidity for repairing segmental nerve defects. Thirty rats were used and were separated into three groups. In the first group, vein graft excised from jugular vein was sutured to make a bridge between epineural gaps of tibial and peroneal nerve. In the second group, one-quarter of the nerve diameter was incised after excision of the epineurial sheath, and the vein graft was sutured between epineurial gaps. In the third group, the vein graft was sutured between epineurial gaps, and plasmid including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene were injected into muscle next to the nerve. Functional and morphological assessments were performed at the end of the 8 weeks. We prefabricated nerve graft by using autologous vein as a conduit material between two intact nerves and by gene therapy, which increases the VEGF level in the medium.
Structure and function of C1 inhibitor. (1989)

C1 inhibitor (C1 INH) is a plasma protease inhibitor that is essential for regulation of activation of the complement and kinin generating systems. It is the only inhibitor of C1r and C1s in plasma, and is responsible for about half of the kallikrein and the majority of plasma factor XII inactivating activity. Based on sequence homology, C1 INH is a member of the serpin family of protease inhibitors and related proteins, and its mechanism of action is identical to those of the other protease inhibitor members of the family. Susceptible proteases cleave C1 INH at an Arg-Thr peptide bond (the P1 and P1'residues) that is 34 amino acid residues from the carboxy terminus of the protein. A stable bimolecular complex then is formed between the larger amino terminal portion of the C1 INH molecule and the protease. C1 INH inactivation of C1r and C1s within activated macromolecular C1 results in dissociation of C1 with release of complexes consisting of two molecules of C1 INH and one molecule each of C1r and C1s. C1q is thus allowed to interact with zymogen C1r and C1s or with C1q receptors. Autoactivation of intact macromolecular C1 is also prevented by C1 INH. The structure of C1 INH is quite similar to other serpin plasma protease inhibitors, and C1 INH appears to retain all the major structural features required for maintaining tertiary structure and inhibitory function.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Patterned aluminum growth via excimer laser activated metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (1986)

Excimer laser photolysis of organoaluminum adlayers has been used to catalytically activate the deposition of Al via thermal decomposition of triisobutylaluminum. The process exhibits good spatial selectivity and patterns with 4 μm resolution have been accurately reproduced. Patterned Al metallizations have been performed on Si, SiO2, Al2O3, and GaAs substrates and show promise for practical applications. Electrical measurements probing Al/substrate interface quality indicate that this technique may be suitable for the fabrication of rectifying contacts on GaAs.
An overview of the All-on-4™ implant philosophy (2012)

The All-on-4™ implant approach for rehabilitation of edentulous jaws was developed at the Maló Clinic in the 1990s. Based on a concept of supporting a complete edentulous rehabilitation with four implants in immediate function, it was possible to resolve clinical situations that otherwise would need more complex/more expensive procedures. The concept underwent continuous development from standard to extra-maxillary approaches, and its clinical documentation proved that it can be considered a viable treatment option for rehabilitating edentulous jaws. This article features the presentation of the concept, the inclusion/exclusion criteria and concept applications, clinical data, complications, remedies and challenges that will provide a general understanding of the All-on-4™ philosophy.
Revision of visual impairment definitions in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases (2006)

Our suggested revision of the visual impairment definitions in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases takes into account advances in the understanding of visual impairment. This revised classification seems more appropriate for estimating and tracking visual impairment in the countries and regions of the world than the existing classification in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases.
Oxidative stress and mitochondrial function with aging – the effects of calorie restriction (2003)

Accumulated oxidative stress resulting from a gradual shift in the redox status of tissues is now considered to be a key mechanism underlying the aging process. Calorie-restricted (CR) feeding, an experimental protocol to extend survival and delay aging in rodents, is recognized to slow the rate of accrual of age-related oxidative stress. This conclusion is based on the increase in tissues with age of the oxidation products of proteins, lipids and DNA. The functional consequence, however, of the accumulation of these non-specific oxidative markers is more difficult to determine. A shift in the redox status of tissues with age and calorie restriction feeding may have a greater impact on cell function through activation of redox sensitive transcription factors than through the accumulation of these non-specific oxidative markers. Activation of such transcription factors will stimulate signalling pathways that will lead to a change in the gene expression profile and cell functioning. Little research has been conducted in this area. It has been proposed that CR feeding slows the rate of accrual of oxidative damage because mitochondria in these animals have a lower rate of superoxide generation when compared with mitochondria from control animals. This proposal is based on in vitro observations using isolated mitochondria and clearly requires further confirmation in isolated cells or using an in vivo approach. The application of metabolic control analysis to identify in isolated mitochondria the mechanism underlying this response has suggested one possible explanation for the lower superoxide production rates observed.
Effect of Mechanical Properties on Rice Husk Ash Reinforced Aluminum Alloy (AlSi10Mg) Matrix Composites (2013)

The application spectrum of low cost material reinforced metal matrix composites is growing rapidly in various engineering fields. In this way, present study indicates the possibilities of reinforcing aluminium alloy (AlSi10Mg) with locally available inexpensive rice husk ash for developing a new material. A rice husk ash particle of 3, 6, 9 & 12% by weight were used to develop metal matrix composites using a liquid metallurgy route. The surface morphology was studied using scanning electron microscope for analyze the distribution of RHA particles. The mechanical properties such as tensile strength, compressive strength, hardness and percentage elongations are studied for reinforced RHA composites. The results reveal that the percentage reinforcement of RHA will increase ultimate tensile strength, compressive strength and harness of the composite.
Solid oxide electrolysis – a key enabling technology for sustainable energy scenarios (2015)

Production of fuels and chemicals from steam and/or CO2 with solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOEC) and electricity have attracted considerable interest recently. This paper is an extended version of the introductory lecture presented at the first Faraday Discussions meeting on the subject. The focus is on the state of the art of cells, stacks and systems. Thermodynamics, performance and degradation are addressed. Remaining challenges and potential application of the technology are discussed from an industrial perspective.
The mechanisms of action of vaccines containing aluminum adjuvants: an in vitro vs in vivo paradigm (2015)

Adjuvants such as the aluminum compounds (alum) have been dominantly used in many vaccines due to their immunopotentiation and safety records since 1920s. However, how these mineral agents influence the immune response to vaccination remains elusive. Many hypotheses exist as to the mode of action of these adjuvants, such as depot formation, antigen (Ag) targeting, and the induction of inflammation. These hypotheses are based on many in vitro and few in vivo studies. Understanding how cells interact with adjuvants in vivo will be crucial to fully understanding the mechanisms of action of these adjuvants. Interestingly, how alum influences the target cell at both the cellular and molecular level, and the consequent innate and adaptive responses, will be critical in the rational design of effective vaccines against many diseases. Thus, in this review, mechanisms of action of alum have been discussed based on available in vitro vs in vivo evidences to date.
4. The Surface Survey and Culture Epoch Terminology (1957)

The primary purpose of the 1952-53 expedition was to make stratigraphic cuts in order to place the Nazca culture in relation to the Cavernas culture which was known to occur at Paracas and Ocucaje but not, so far as then known, elsewhere in the lea Valley proper nor the Nazca region. My brief survey trips in the Ica-Nazca area in 1940, 1941, and 1949 had not revealed such stratified sites. Therefore, an important part of the 1952-53 expedition was to make a surface survey of the large area, both for its own sake and particularly to select the most promising sites for sondage.
Audio Data Security and Feature Extraction over Cloud (2017)

The demand for on-demand services of multimedia; most individuals, companies, and governments use cloud services to maintain confidentiality from intruder from being hacked as every day huge data was embedded in a digital media or distributed over the internet. For this reason, the user require to secure their data and encryption method is the one that provides security to your information and most security system uses this technique which is widely used in the database areas such as internet banking, audio communication channel, phone recordings, music companies, military conversations etc. A Cryptographic encryption method is certainly the best option for maintaining the security to our audio files. As the audio is encrypted it does not make sense to recognize the audio for that reason audio feature extraction method is used for classification purpose.
Whos Winning the War? Molecular Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance in Helicobacter pylori (2008)

The ability of clinicians to wage an effective war against many bacterial infections is increasingly being hampered by skyrocketing rates of antibiotic resistance. Indeed, antibiotic resistance is a significant problem for treatment of diseases caused by virtually all known infectious bacteria. The gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori is no exception to this rule. With more than 50% of the world's population infected, H. pylori exacts a tremendous medical burden and represents an interesting paradigm for cancer development; it is the only bacterium that is currently recognized as a carcinogen. It is now firmly established that H. pylori infection is associated with diseases such as gastritis, peptic and duodenal ulceration and two forms of gastric cancer, gastric adenocarcinoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. With such a large percentage of the population infected, increasing rates of antibiotic resistance are particularly vexing for a treatment regime that is already fairly complicated; treatment consists of two antibiotics and a proton pump inhibitor. To date, resistance has been found to all primary and secondary lines of antibiotic treatment as well as to drugs used for rescue therapy.