gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Studies of hydrogen-induced degradation processes in SrBi2Ta2O9 ferroelectric film-based capacitors (1999)

It is known that the forming gas (N2–H2 mixture) annealing process required for microcircuit fabrication results in an unacceptable electrical degradation of SrBi2Ta2O9 (SBT) ferroelectric capacitors due mainly to the interaction of H2 with the ferroelectric layer of the capacitor. We have found a strong relationship between changes in the surface composition of the ferroelectric layer and the electrical properties of SBT capacitors as a result of hydrogen annealing. Mass spectroscopy of recoiled ions (MSRI) analysis revealed a strong reduction in the Bi signal as a function of exposure to hydrogen at high temperatures (∼500 °C). The Bi signal reduction correlates with Bi depletion in the SBT surface region. Subsequent annealing in oxygen at temperatures in the range of 700–800 °C resulted in the recovery of the MSRI Bi signal, corresponding to the replenishment of Bi in the previously Bi-depleted surface region. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis (probing the whole SBT film thickness) showed little difference in the XRD spectra of the SBT films before and after hydrogen and oxygen-recovery annealing. The combined results of the MSRI and XRD analyses can be interpreted as an indication that the degradation of the electrical properties of the SBT capacitors, after hydrogen annealing, is mainly due to the degradation of the near surface region of the SBT layer.
Partial Syntheis of Dihydroisothysanolactone, and 13C-NMR Study of Thysanolactone (1985)

Dihydroisothysanolactone ( which has the diastereomeric construction of the bridged ring system of the A ring of the novel triterpene, thysanolactone ($,), has been partially synthesized from an easily available triterpene, hydroxyhopanone (4).13c-NMR assignment of all carbons of thysanolac- tone ( & ) has been made by the help of the reference compounds including the above newly prepared unnatural congener.The structure of thysanolactone (&I , a novel A-seco-moretane type triterpene found in a Ryukyu plant, Thysanospermum diffusum Chlx~p.---var.longitubum O G y i , --was clarified with chemical and X-ray structural analysis methods.' From the novelty of the A-ring part structure which has not been encountered in any structural type of triterpene, w e have been working on the partial synthesis of this and the related compounds.Already partial syntheses of dihydrothysanolactone ( $ ) 2 and thysanolactone (&) have been reported.In this communication the partial synthesis of an iso-type compound which has the opposite stereochemical arrangement of the lactone ring is reported.Having this stereoisomer in our hands, unambiguous as- signments of 13c-NM~ signals of thysanolactone ( and the congeners have been made.These results are also reported.iiil
Poly(4,4'-diphenylene diphenylvinylene) Langmuir Blodgett thin films as a hole transport layer in polymer light emitting diode (2002)

Polymer based light emitting diodes (LED) are potentially useful in display technology. The basic structure of this device consists of a hole transport layer (p-type) and an electron transport layer (n-type). This paper reports a study on poly(4,4'-diphenylene diphenylvinylene) (PDPV) thin films for a hole transport layer in the device. The multilayer PDPV films were deposited on glass and ITO-covered glass substrates using the Langmuir Blodgett (LB) technique. Aluminum was deposited on the PDPV film as an electron injector and also as the electrode. The film was characterized by measuring the electrical properties, optical absorption and topography image. The sheet resistance of the PDPV film deposited on glass was (6.3/spl plusmn/0.1)/spl times/10/sup 8/ /spl Omega/ per square and the energy gap of the film was 2.95/spl plusmn/0.01 eV. The performances of the devices with ITO/PDPV/Al structure were studied through the current-voltage curves measured in the dark. It was found that the device showed typical diode properties.
Metabolism of Carbofuran in Rice Straw‐amended and Unamended Rice Soils (1979)

Abstract Degradation of carbofuran (2,3‐dihydro‐2,2‐dimethyl‐7‐benzofuranyl N ‐methylcarbamate) in rice straw‐amended flooded soil under alternate anaerobic‐aerobic conditions and 14 CO 2 evolution from ring‐ and carbonyl‐labeled 14 C‐carbofuran in flooded soil were studied. The addition of rice straw accelerated the hydrolysis of carbofuran to carbofuran phenol (2,3‐dihydro‐2,2‐dimethyl‐7‐hydroxy benzofuran) in predominantly anaerobic flooded soil. Carbofuran phenol appeared to accumulate under continued anaerobiosis and was readily decomposed with the significant formation of unextractable (“soil bound”) residues when the system was returned to aerobic conditions. Interestingly, 14 CO 2 evolution from the aromatic ring in carbofuran was almost negligible, accounting for <0.3% of ring‐ 14 C even after 40 days of flooding as compared to 27% released from carbonyl‐ 14 C.
P211-S Using 2D DIGE Instead of Conventional 2D Electrophoresis Dramatically Improves Statistical Validity of Differential Expression Analysis (2007)

Two-dimensional electrophoresis is an established method used to study differences in protein expression caused by, for example, a disease state or drug treatment. Conventional methods require the separation of one sample on each individual gel. This approach exposes the data to a high level of system variation, such as gel-to-gel variation caused by experimental factors. Quantification of protein differences can thus be uncertain and lead to false biological conclusions. Two alternatives to reduce this variation are (1) increase the number of replicates or (2) use the Ettan difference gel electrophoresis (DIGE) system. The Ettan DIGE system is a well-established technology in proteomics, which uses an internal standard for between-gel normalization. By pre-labeling samples prior to 2D electrophoresis with three spectrally resolvable CyDye DIGE Fluor dyes, electrophoretic co-migration of three protein samples on the same 2D gel is possible. This approach significantly reduces the number of replicate gels needed to ensure reproducibility and reliability of the differential expression analysis. Here, we present results from a differential expression analysis experiment performed with Escherichia coli samples grown under different conditions. We demonstrate that by using DIGE and the DeCyder 2D co-detection algorithm, the numbers of replicates are significantly reduced and the system variability is minimized compared to conventional electrophoresis with post-stained gels.
Phase I study of gemcitabine (GEM) and carboplatin (CBDCA) in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (2004)

7291 GEM and CBDCA are active agents with different antitumor mechanisms for NSCLC. We conducted phase I study of GEM and CBDCA as a first-line therapy in advanced NSCLC. The main purpose of this study is to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) of this combination therapy. Patients and Methods: Patients (pts) with previously untreated advanced NSCLC (<75 years old, adequate organ functions and ECOG PS 0–1) received escalating GEM doses on days 1 and 8 with a fixed target AUC = 5 of CBDCA on day 1 at 21-day schedule. CBDCA dose was determined by the Calvert formula using GFR estimated by 24-hour urine collection for creatinine clearance. GEM dose was escalated from 800 mg/m2 to MTD by 100-mg/m2. If WBC <2000 or Plt =4 days, Plt <2 x 104 or platelet transfusion with thrombocytopenia, >=G3 nonhematologic toxicity and the cancel of GEM on day 8 (skip of day 8). Results: A total of 9 pts were enrolled in this study. The pts' characteristics were as follows: median age 63 (range 43–75) years old, male/female = 9/0, PS 0/1 = 2/7, stage IIIB/IV = 4/5. DLT was observed in 0/3 pts of GEM 800 mg/m2, and 2/3 of GEM 900 mg/m2. In detail, DLTs in GEM 900 mg/m2 were skip of day 8 and thrombocytopenia. Overall, G3/4 thrombocytopenia, G3/4 neutropenia, and G3/4 leukopenia occurred 67%, 56%, and 33%, respectively. No platelet transfusion was required, and nonhematologic toxicities were mild. One of nine pts showed objective responses (0 CR, 1 PR; response rate = 11%). Conclusion: The recommended dose of this combination therapy was GEM 800 mg/m2 and CBDCA AUC = 5. To confirm this recommended dose, the extension study is ongoing. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Examining Emotional Responses to Effective Versus Ineffective Virtual Buddies (2014)

The purpose of this research study was to explore the impact of virtual character design on user emotional experience and user behavior in a simulated environment. With simulation training increasing in popularity as a tool for teaching social skills, it is essential that social interactions in virtual environments provide authentic opportunities for practice (Swartout et al., 2006). This study used Interactive Performance Theory (Wirth, 2012) to examine the effect of designing a virtual buddy character with ineffective traits instead of effective or expert traits. The sample population for this study (n = 145) consisted of first year university students enrolled in courses in the fall of 2013 at the University of Central Florida. Data on participant emotional experience and behavior were collected through questionnaires, researcher observations, and physiological signal recording that included participant heart rate and galvanic skin response. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variances (MANOVA), Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance, and qualitative thematic coding of participant verbal behavior and written responses. Results of the analysis revealed that participants who interacted with an ineffective virtual buddy character had statistically significant higher averages of verbal statements to the antagonist in the simulated environment and statistically significant lower perceptions of antagonist amiability than participants who interacted with an effective virtual buddy. Additionally, participants who interacted with a virtual buddy of the opposite gender gave statistically significant higher ecological validity scores to the simulated environment than participants who interacted with a virtual buddy of the same gender. Qualitative analysis also revealed that participants tended to describe the female buddy character with more ineffective traits than the male buddy character even though effective and ineffective design conditions were equally divided for both groups. Further research should be conducted on the effect of virtual buddy character design in different types of simulation environments and with different target audiences.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Structure of trans‐Bis[[pentacarbonyl(N‐(2‐((diphenylphosphino)amino)ethyl)salicylaldiminato‐P)]molybdenum(0)‐N,O]copper(II): A Novel Trimetallic Complex with a Mixed P‐Donor‐Schiff‐Base Bridging Ligand. (1986)

Abstract The title complex (IV) is prepared as shown in the scheme (no yield given).
The Weighted Coherent Overlapping Tracking Method for GPS Receivers (2009)

The strength of the received GPS signal varies in different environments. With a clear line of sight to the satellite, we have typical signal strength. In this instance, the GPS signal will be acquired and tracked easily. On the other hand, attenuation will cause some difficulty for acquisition and tracking of the satellite signal. One method used to enhance the processing gain in signal tracking is to increase the integration time. However, increasing integration time reduces the Doppler window, resulting in large errors in navigation data bit decoding. This paper develops a weighted coherent overlapping signal tracking method to improve the tracking performance. The proposed method is shown to enhance the processing gain of low-strength signal tracking and maintain the Doppler window for navigation data bit decoding as well.
The Relationship of Red and Photographic Infrared Spectral Data to Grain Yield Variation Within a Winter Wheat Field (1979)

Two band hand-held radiometer data from a winter wheat field, collected on 21 dates during the spring growing season, were correlated within field final grain yield. Significant linear relationships were found between various combinations of the red and photographic infrared radiance data collected and the grain yield. The spectral data explained approximately 64 percent of the within field grain yield variation. This variation in grain yield could not be explained using meteorological data as these were similar for all areas of the wheat field. Most importantly, data collected early in the spring were highly correlated with grain yield, a five week time window existed from stem elongation through antheses in which the spectral data were most highly correlated with grain yield, and manifestations of wheat canopy water stress were readily apparent in the spectral data.
NMR structural refinement of a tandem G.cntdot.A mismatched decamer d(CCAAGATTGG)2 via the hybrid matrix procedure (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNMR structural refinement of a tandem G.cntdot.A mismatched decamer d(CCAAGATTGG)2 via the hybrid matrix procedureEdward P. Nikonowicz, Robert P. Meadows, Patricia Fagan, and David G. GorensteinCite this: Biochemistry 1991, 30, 5, 1323–1334Publication Date (Print):February 5, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 5 February 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00219a024https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00219a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views34Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Parameter computation and optimization for phase transitions of the first kind in chemically active materials (2011)

Numerous features, bifurcations and catastrophes (“jumps”) arise in problems of optimization, control and decision making. They can be detected by calculation extreme values of the respective functions. The selection of optimum control parameters for
Nitrogen dioxide exposure and development of pulmonary emphysema (1986)

This study assessed the relationship between nitrogen dioxide inhalation and the development of pulmonary emphysema and investigated how the severity of preexisting emphysema brought about by protease (elastase) instillation into the lung may be augmented by a subchronic exposure to a relatively high concentration of nitrogen dioxide. Lungs of adult Fischer-344 rats were evaluated for emphysematous changes after (1) a single intratracheal instillation of elastase (E), (2) a 25-d exposure to 35 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and (3) elastase instillation followed by 25-d exposure to 35 ppm NO2 (E + NO2). Rats instilled with sterile normal saline and subsequently exposed to filtered air served as a control group (NS). Residual volumes (RV) of the NO2 and NS groups were virtually identical, whereas the RV of the E and E + NO2 lungs (2.3 and 2.3 ml, respectively) were significantly greater than those of the NS and NO2 lungs (1.3 and 1.4 ml, respectively). Directionally similar changes in the excised lung volumes and total lung capacities were obtained with the E and E + NO2 groups; NO2 alone, however, did not alter these volumetric parameters. No differences in arterial blood gases and pH values, minute ventilation, or breathing frequencies were found among the experimental groups. The mean linear intercept values (MLI) obtained with the NS and NO2 exposed lungs were essentially identical with average values of approximately 62 micron. This morphometric parameter was substantially increased in the E- and E + NO2-exposed lungs; no significant differences, however, were found between the MLI values obtained with the E and E + NO2 lungs (approximately 95 and approximately 97 micron, respectively). From these data, as well as histologic examinations of lung sections for evidence of emphysema, we conclude that (1) a subchronic, moderately high level of NO2 exposure does not produce an irreversible emphysematous lesion in the rat model and (2) exposure of rats to 35 ppm for 25 d after elastase instillation into the lungs does not potentiate protease-induced emphysema or bring about a progression in preexisting emphysema.
Prevalence of Anti-Erythropoietin Antibodies in Hemodialysis Patients without Clinical Signs of Pure Red Cell Aplasia (2006)

This survey did not identify anti-erythropoietin antibodies in hemodialysis patient's hyporesponsive to epoetin and does not support presumptive antibody screening as a routine work-up in these patients.
Die Synthese von Gramicidin S (1957)

Abstract The synthesis of gramicidin S 10 ), a peptide antibiotic from Bac. brevis , is described in detail. The decapeptide derivative trityl · (Val‐p‐Tos · Orn‐Leu‐Phe‐Pro) 2 · OCH 3 ( L ‐ L ‐ L ‐ D ‐ L ) 2 is converted to the corresponding p‐nitrophenyl ester, the trityl group is removed selectively, and the resulting product is cyclised to cyclo‐(Val‐p‐Tos ·Orn‐Leu‐Phe‐Pro) 2 · 2 H 2 O ( L ‐ L ‐ L ‐ D ‐ L ) 2 . Sodium in liquid ammonia removes the p‐toluene‐sulfonyl groups, and cyclo‐(Val‐Orn‐Leu‐Phe‐Pro) 2 ( L ‐ L ‐ L ‐ D ‐ L ) 2 is obtained as dihydrochloride (I). The cyclic products are purified by countercurrent distribution and identified with gramicidin S ditosylate and gramicidin S dihydrochloride 21 ) respectively. This proves the structure of gramicidin S as cyclic decapeptide, and constitutes the first synthesis of a naturally occurring cyclic peptide.
Anaphylaxis related to avocado ingestion: a case and review (2011)

Anaphylaxis to avocado, independent of latex sensitization, has been rarely reported in the literature. This case report describes a 15 year old male who experienced anaphylaxis within half an hour after eating avocado-containing food. Avocado consumption is common in both North America and South America. It is important to consider avocado as a cause of anaphylaxis, even in patients not sensitized to latex.
Solid State NMR Spectroscopy of Calix[4]arene-based Carceplexes (1998)

13C CP/MAS spectroscopy of calix[4]arene-based carceplexes shows that in the solid state the cavity walls of the carcerand are rigid, whereas the pendant groups of the resorcin[4]arene as well as the ends of the propyl goups of the calix[4]arene moiety exhibit some flexibility. Temperature dependent 2H measurements of the DMSO-d6 carceplex reveal that two different sites are present for the DMSO guest with an energy difference of 1.7 kcal mol-1.
Development, microevolution, and social behavior. (1990)

The central questions of social development--from the roots of mother-infant attachment to the plasticity of aggressive behavior--pivot on the relations between genetic and ontogenetic sources of variance. It is proposed that (a) developmental, experiential, and microevolutionary processes typically collaborate, rather than compete, in achieving social adaptation; (b) social behavior patterns are mostly closed to modification in the course of development and across generations, but avenues of vulnerability exist in ontogeny and microevolution for dynamic, rapid, and reversible changes in key features; (c) a general avenue for change is delay or acceleration in the developmental onset of one or more features of the behavior pattern, which in turn modifies the functions and properties of the adaptive configuration; and (d) the features of social behavior that are open to rapid change in ontogeny should be open as well to rapid changes in microevolution, although different underlying processes may be involved. Empirical findings from the investigation of aggressive interactions are used to illustrate this proposal on the dual genesis and coincident adaptation of social behaviors.
A Synthesis of Vinylcyclopropane (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Synthesis of VinylcyclopropaneRoss Van. Volkenburgh, K. W. Greenlee, J. M. Derfer, and C. E. BoordCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1949, 71, 11, 3595–3597Publication Date (Print):November 19, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 19 November 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01179a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01179a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views324Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Study of Drop-Coated and Chemical Bath-Deposited Buffer Layers for Vapor Phase Deposition of Large Area, Aligned, Zinc Oxide Nanorod Arrays (2010)

Zinc oxide films derived from drop-coating solutions of zinc acetate in ethanol followed by chemical bath deposition were examined for their suitability as buffer layers for high temperature vapor phase deposition of large area, aligned, zinc oxide nanorod arrays. An X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of substrates drop coated with zinc acetate solutions clarifies the chemistry of the deposition mechanism of the initial acetate-derived ZnO seeds. Scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and white light profilometry studies show that while zinc acetate-derived buffer layers are suitable for chemical bath deposition of aligned zinc oxide nanorod arrays, during high temperature vapor phase depositions these buffer layers undergo substantial changes leading to a loss of nanorod alignment and poor substrate coverage. We present a method to deposit aligned zinc oxide nanorod arrays uniformly over large area substrates, which combines zinc acetate drop coating, chemical bath deposition of buffer layers, and vapor phase transport deposition of nanorods.