gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modular Switching Cell Design for High-Performance Flying Capacitor Multilevel Converter (2022)

Multilevel topologies provide an attractive alternative to two-level converters because they enable utilization of devices with lower blocking voltage and correspondingly high figure-of-merit. The flying capacitor multilevel converter (FCML) has demonstrated both very high power density and efficiency in a variety of applications. These converters are modular in design, consisting of series-connected switching cells. As such, the optimization of this unit cell provides a framework to build up high-performance FCMLs of any level count. This work presents a novel switching cell design which uses daughterboards containing a cascaded bootstrap gate drive power supply as well as isolated signaling and gate drivers, all of which can operate up to 1000 V. The motherboard layout provides extremely low commutation loop inductance of 940 pH, the best to date for this blocking voltage, through a combined parallel hybrid and electrically thin vertical design. A 300 V, 1.3 kW, 4-level FCML prototype is fabricated to validate the proposed design, which achieves > 1 kW/in <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> power density and 98.3% peak efficiency.
A custom computing solution to automated visual inspection of silicon wafers (2002)

This paper illustrates, through a specific example, the utility and effectiveness of using the reconfigurable capabilities of an FPGA-based custom computing platform as part of an industrial inspection system. The inspection task examined is typical of many industrial inspection tasks which require the identification of several different types of failures of products on a manufacturing assembly line. Like many inspection tasks, a number of features must be examined-each of which may require unique signal processing. A custom computing platform can provide the demanding signal processing performance while maintaining the capability of rapidly reconfiguring for an assortment of tasks.
The Red Fox Y-Chromosome in Comparative Context (2019)

While the number of mammalian genome assemblies has proliferated, Y-chromosome assemblies have lagged behind. This discrepancy is caused by biological features of the Y-chromosome, such as its high repeat content, that present challenges to assembly with short-read, next-generation sequencing technologies. Partial Y-chromosome assemblies have been developed for the cat (<i>Felis</i><i>catus</i>), dog (<i>Canis</i><i>lupus</i><i>familiaris</i>), and grey wolf (<i>Canis</i><i>lupus</i><i>lupus</i>), providing the opportunity to examine the red fox (<i>Vulpes</i><i>vulpes</i>) Y-chromosome in the context of closely related species. Here we present a data-driven approach to identifying Y-chromosome sequence among the scaffolds that comprise the short-read assembled red fox genome. First, scaffolds containing genes found on the Y-chromosomes of cats, dogs, and wolves were identified. Next, analysis of the resequenced genomes of 15 male and 15 female foxes revealed scaffolds containing male-specific <i>k</i>-mers and patterns of inter-sex copy number variation consistent with the heterogametic chromosome. Analyzing variation across these two metrics revealed 171 scaffolds containing 3.37 Mbp of putative Y-chromosome sequence. The gene content of these scaffolds is consistent overall with that of the Y-chromosome in other carnivore species, though the red fox Y-chromosome carries more copies of <i>BCORY2</i> and <i>UBE1Y</i> than has been reported in related species and fewer copies of <i>SRY</i> than in other canids. The assignment of these scaffolds to the Y-chromosome serves to further characterize the content of the red fox draft genome while providing resources for future analyses of canid Y-chromosome evolution.
Software/network co-simulation of heterogeneous industrial networks architectures (2004)

This work presents a modeling and analysis framework for heterogeneous industrial networks architectures, which is based on a tight integration of a network simulator with embedded software, middleware and a real-time operating system. This framework is suitable for modeling and simulating the behavior of typical components involved in factory automation applications (e.g., PLCs, remote controllers, operational screens, etc.) when they are connected through heterogeneous industrial networks. Experiments show that the framework allows to take early architectural decisions by evaluating the expected system performance based on the available models.
Transition of Hypersonic Boundary Layer (1965)

An investigation was conducted in a hypersonic shock tunnel to study the boundary layer on a 10° cone of 4 ft length having a wall to stagnation temperature ratio of 0.214. An impact pressure survey of the various types of boundary layer flows was made at 34.5 in. from the cone tip. The free-stream conditions at this location for Mach number and stagnation temperature were approximately 10° and 1400°K. The tunnel operating conditions and cone tip configurations were combined such that laminar, transition, and turbulent flows were obtained at this location. The impact pressure data was reduced to velocity, temperature, and density profiles for comparison. Surface heat transfer results were also obtained at this location along with schlieren photographs of the boundary layers. All three types of information showed that the various boundary layer flows actually existed. The heat gauge showed the passage of turbulent bursts in the transition flow, as observed on a flat plate at subsonic velocities. From the velocity profiles, the local skin friction coefficient was determined for the laminar and turbulent flows, and it agreed reasonably well with the corresponding theories. For the smooth cone, it was not possible to develop fully turbulent flow at the 34.5-in. location for any of the present stagnation conditions but with tip roughness, the transition Reynolds number was sufficiently reduced to force this location into completely turbulent flow.
Chain transfer by addition‐fragmentation mechanism, 5 Investigation of the chain transfer activity of several ethyl 2‐(substituted)cinnamates (1995)

Abstract A variety of ethyl 2‐(substituted)cinnamates Systematic name: ethyl 3‐phenyl‐2‐(substituted)propenoate. were synthesized and added to vinylic monomer polymerizations. These olefins are activated towards free radical addition and contain a homolytic leaving group in the allylic position. Thus, they exhibit chemical transfer properties in free radical polymerization. The compounds studied include bromide, iodide, sulfone, mercaptan and peroxide derivatives. Cinnamic iodide, however, exhibits degradative chain transfer activity. These compounds have an advantage over simple thiols in that they permit a good control of molar mass by an addition‐fragmentation mechanism involving difunctionalization of the resulting telomers. The methods of synthesis of ethyl 2‐(substituted)cinnamates are discussed through the nucleophilic substitution of various anions toward the allylic bromo derivative prepared from ethyl 2‐(α‐hydroxybenzyl)propenoate.
Open Carrier Interface (2018)

Edge computing is an emerging technology, which offers manifold performance improvements for applications with low-latency and high-bandwidth requirements. In order to lower the burden for the Network Service Provider to support edge computing, we introduce a generic and platform-agnostic open source edge computing framework implementation called Open Carrier Interface. The implemented prototype provides Application Service Providers with the opportunity to deploy software components directly at the edge of the network and without any operator intervention. We will elaborate and demonstrate that the developed framework and its interfaces (i) are easy to use for all involved parties, (ii) present a unifying abstraction layer for edge-based resource management systems and edge service architectures, (iii) and can deliver a significant performance impact on applications implementing the edge service paradigm.
The instrumental variable multichannel FAP-RLS and fap algorithms (2005)

The LMS and affine projection algorithms (APA) and its fast version (FAP) may suffer convergence slowdown in the presence of strong correlation between the input samples (colored input signals). In the case multichannel adaptive filtering, this problem may be compounded by strong correlation between the channel signals. Recently, improved multichannel APA's have been introduced (without a FAP counterpart), involving decorrelation operations between the channels. We show a connection between the improved APA and a certain choice of instrumental variable (IV) in an IV version of multichannel APA. There is also a connection to fast Newton transversal filters (FNTF's). We suggest a particular choice for the IV that will make fast multichannel IV APA possible and derive multichannel IV FAPs for the case of IVs with the usual shift-invariance structure. Whereas we have introduced a single channel IV FAP before, based on the fast transversal filter (FTF) algorithm, we propose here a multichannel IV FAP based on the numerically more robust RLS algorithm.
Iron-mediated oxidative stress in erythrocytes (1987)

Erythrocytes subjected extracellularly to iron-mediated oxidant stress undergo haemoglobin oxidation and membrane damage, which can be modulated by maintaining the energy requirements of the cells. The results presented here suggest that a balance exists between the oxidation state of the haemoglobin and the oxidative deterioration of the membrane lipids, which is dependent on the metabolic state of the erythrocytes. These findings have important implications for thalassaemic erythrocytes that may be exposed to excess plasma iron levels, in which excessive membrane-bound iron in the form of haemichromes is a characteristic feature and in which cellular ATP levels are lowered.
Pregnancy Associated Plasma Protein-A and Placental Growth Factor in a Sub-Saharan African Population: A Nested Cross-Sectional Study (2016)

PAPP-A and PlGF MoM values appear to be substantially higher in a sub-Saharan African population compared to the Caucasian or Afro-Caribbean MoM values previously reported. The difference suggests the need for a specific correction factor for this population to avoid underestimation of risk for fetal aneuploidies or placental disorders when using PAPP-A and PlGF MoM for screening purposes.
SU-GG-T-152: Pediatric Craniospinal Irradiation with RapidArc: A Feasibility Study and Dosimetric Comparison (2010)

Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of pediatric craniospinal irradiation (CSI) using RapidArc, and to provide a dosimetric comparison to conventional three-dimensional conformai radiotherapy (3DCRT) techniques. Method and Materials: CT datasets of pediatric patients with a variety of neoplasms were included in this retrospective study. All patients previously received 3DCRT CSI in the supine position. Single planning target volumes (PTVs) were generated for each patient to include the cranial contents and the vertebral column, both with additional uniform volumetric margins. RapidArc treatment plans were created for 6 MV photons using two arcs for the cranial section of the PTV and a single arc for the entire spinal section of the PTV. All RapidArc plans were normalized so that 100% of the prescription dose (36 Gy) was delivered to 95% of the CSI PTV. The RapidArc and 3DCRT CSI plans were compared based on several dosimetric parameters in order to determine organ at risk (OAR) sparing, PTV coverage and PTV homogeneity. Results: The RapidArc CSI plans were able to achieve similar or improved OAR sparing when compared to their original 3DCRT CSI counterparts. As a whole, the RapidArc plans were able to decrease the maximum dose to all of the relevant OARs. However, for some OARs, such as the lungs and bowel, the mean doses were elevated due to the increased number of beam angles. When conformity and dose homogeneity indices were evaluated, the RapidArc plans illustrated improved PTV coverage and superior target volume homogeneity in all cases. Conclusion: The dosimetric results indicate that RapidArc is an advantageous alternative for pediatric CSI. When compared to 3DCRT, the proposed method has the potential to deliver a more uniform dose to the craniospinal PTV, thus minimizing areas of overdose and underdose and eliminating the need for difficult and time-consuming field matching techniques.
Self-Assembly and Dynamics of Poly(γ-benzyl-<scp>l</scp>-glutamate) Peptides (2003)

The structure and the associated dynamics have been investigated in a series of oligopeptides of gamma-benzyl-l-glutamate using DSC, WAXS, FTIR, NMR and dielectric spectroscopy, and rheology, respectively. The peptides with degrees of polymerization below 18 are mixtures of a lamellar assembly of beta sheets and of columnar hexagonal arrangement of alpha helices, whereas for longer chains, the intramolecular hydrogen bonds stabilize only the alpha-helical conformations. Multiple dielectrically active processes were found. Starting from low temperatures, the two Arrhenius processes (gamma and beta), with apparent activation energies of 20.6 and 50.2 kJ/mol, respectively, associate with the local relaxation of the side-chain methylene units (gamma process) and with more cooperative motions of the side chain dipoles sensitive to the 7/2 helical packing (beta process). The glass transition is manifested in the thermal properties with a step in the heat capacity and with an intense dielectric process bearing characteristics (molecular weight dependence, temperature dependence of relaxation times) known from amorphous polymers. Based on these findings, the alpha process is attributed to the relaxation of amorphous segments located between and at the end of helically ordered segments. Two slower processes were identified with opposite molecular weight dependence. The weak intermediate mode with an M2 molecular weight dependence of the characteristic relaxation times suggests amorphous-like chains, whereas the strong slower process originates from the loss of dipole orientational capacity caused by structural defects and reflects the migration of helical sequences along the chains. This identifies the helices as structures extending over rather short fragments of chains (i.e., of low persistence length). The viscoelastic response indicated that the structural defects arise from locally aggregated chains that inhibit the flow of oligopeptides.
Bond Energy Effects and Acetylene Production in the Reactions of Energetic Carbon Atoms with Alkyl Halides and Propane<sup>1</sup> (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBond Energy Effects and Acetylene Production in the Reactions of Energetic Carbon Atoms with Alkyl Halides and Propane1Hans J. Ache and Alfred P. WolfCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1966, 88, 5, 888–893Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00957a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00957a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views80Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Agglutinin Response To Certain Brucella Abortus Bacterins (1927)

Journal Article Agglutinin Response To Certain Brucella Abortus Bacterins Get access S. J. Schilling, S. J. Schilling From the Laboratories of the Departments of Veterinary Science and Bacteriology of the Agricultural Experiment Station, Fayetteville, Arkansas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Wm. L. Bleecker Wm. L. Bleecker From the Laboratories of the Departments of Veterinary Science and Bacteriology of the Agricultural Experiment Station, Fayetteville, Arkansas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 41, Issue 3, September 1927, Pages 222–232, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/41.3.222 Published: 01 September 1927 Article history Received: 11 June 1927 Published: 01 September 1927
PRA and Risk-Informed Analysis (2006)

Chapter 45, authored by Sidney A. Bernsen, Fredric A. Simonen and Kenneth R. Balky, traces the development of nuclear power plant probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) from its initial evolution as a means for evaluation of public safety through the recognition of its use to identify important safety concerns and ultimately to its use in helping to determine risk importance and the appropriate allocation of resources, and inservice activities. It also discusses the current status of Codes and Standards that provide rules and guidance for the development of probabilistic risk analysis to support nuclear power plant applications. The chapter also addresses several specific activities in place or underway to risk inform Code requirements for inservice testing and Code design rules. The authors were all active participants in the development and implementation of risk informed methods for ASME Code and Standards.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclic Peptide Libraries: Recent Developments (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Nuclear Localization of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-D and Regulation of c-Myc–Dependent Transcripts in Human Lung Fibroblasts (2014)

Lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis are processes that are, in part, regulated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-D. The formation of lymphatic structures has been implicated in multiple lung diseases, including pulmonary fibrosis. VEGF-D is a secreted protein produced by fibroblasts and macrophages, which induces lymphangiogenesis by signaling via VEGF receptor-3, and angiogenesis through VEGF receptor-2. VEGF-D contains a central VEGF homology domain, which is the biologically active domain, with flanking N- and C-terminal propeptides. Full-length VEGF-D (∼ 50 kD) is proteolytically processed in the extracellular space, to generate VEGF homology domain that contains the VEGF-D receptor-binding sites. Here, we report that, independent of its cell surface receptors, full-length VEGF-D accumulated in nuclei of fibroblasts, and that this process appears to increase with cell density. In nuclei, full-length VEGF-D associated with RNA polymerase II and c-Myc. In cells depleted of VEGF-D, the transcriptionally regulated genes appear to be modulated by c-Myc. These findings have potential clinical implications, as VEGF-D was found in fibroblast nuclei in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, a disease characterized by fibroblast proliferation. These findings are consistent with actions of full-length VEGF-D in cellular homeostasis in health and disease, independent of its receptors.
Controlling complexity and water penetration in functional <i>de novo</i> protein design (2008)

Natural proteins are complex, and the engineering elements that support function and catalysis are obscure. Simplified synthetic protein scaffolds offer a means to avoid such complexity, learn the underlying principles behind the assembly of function and render the modular assembly of enzymatic function a tangible reality. A key feature of such protein design is the control and exclusion of water access to the protein core to provide the low-dielectric environment that enables enzymatic function. Recent successes in de novo protein design have illustrated how such control can be incorporated into the design process and have paved the way for the synthesis of nascent enzymatic activity in these systems.
Necessary and sufficient conditions for output dead beat controllability for a class of polynomial systems (2002)

Output dead beat control for a class of nonlinear discrete time systems, which are described by a single input-output polynomial difference equation, is considered. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of output dead beat control (or output controllability in finite time) are presented. A tractable output dead beat controllability test is obtained.
Robotized method for the quantification of fatty acids by gas–liquid chromatography (2013)

Analysis of fatty acid profile in fats and oils is conventionally performed by gas–liquid chromatography (GLC) as their fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) derivatives. Accurate quantification can be achieved by adding internal standard(s) prior to the derivatization step and calibration of the system using certified FAME mixture. GLC instruments equipped with online sample preparation units became recently commercially available and in theory can be used to improve laboratory productivity and safety. However, studies showing that this type of approach can be used to obtain reliable results are scarce. In the present study, we developed a method suitable for quantitative analysis of fatty acids in fats and oils by robotic preparation and online GLC analysis of FAME using methanolic potassium hydroxide as transmethylation reagent. The method has been validated on different fats and oils including milk fat, palm kernel, rapeseed and long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids containing oil samples. Method performance has been compared to the corresponding manual procedure and results show good repeatability [CV(r)<5%] and good intermediate reproducibility [CV(iR)<5%] in accordance with FDA guidelines. The results obtained show that transmethylation and GLC analysis of fats and oils can be robotized while remaining accurate and providing fatty acid data expressed as g of fatty acid per 100 g of sample. Compared to conventional methods, the volume of reagent and solvent is three times lower per sample analyzed with the robotized version which contributes to the reduction of waste and chemical risk exposure.
Brief Formalin Fixation and Rapid Tissue Processing Do Not Affect the Sensitivity of ER Immunohistochemistry of Breast Core Biopsies (2014)

Brief formalin fixation along with rapid processing has no negative effect on the sensitivity of ER-IHC in breast core biopsies. This combination significantly reduces the turnaround time for preparing breast needle biopsy specimens.