gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of epithelial membrane antigen expression in human mammary epithelium by ultrastructural immunoperoxidase cytochemistry. (1986)

Ultrastructural immunocytochemistry was used to analyze cell surface distribution and intracellular localization of milk fat globule membrane antigen (MFGM-A) in cryosections from human breast carcinomas and benign breast biopsy specimens. The specimens were fixed in formaldehyde and frozen. Cryostat sections were cut at 15 micron, incubated with mouse monoclonal antibody to MFGM-A, and then with a peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-mouse antibody. After glutaraldehyde fixation, the sections were incubated with diaminobenzidine-H2O2 and further processed for electron microscopy. MFGM-A was specific for epithelial cells. MFGM-A staining was strictly confined to the apical surface membrane of normal ductal epithelium, never involving basolateral membranes below the tight junctions. In normal epithelial cells, MFGM-A was readily detected in cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), but only to a lesser extent in Golgi complexes and presumptive secretory vesicles. In carcinoma cells, surface staining for MFGM-A was either distributed in a non-polarized manner on the entire cell surface or else was totally absent. In some carcinoma cells without surface-associated MFGM-A, very pronounced intracellular MFGM-A staining was seen in the ER, in the nuclear envelope, and in annulate lamellae. The observations on MFGM-A expression were supported by studies on a cell culture model system.
Reaktionen des Trifluoracetyl‐äthoxycarbonyl‐carbens, IV. Heterocyclenbildung und Photodimerisierung bei der Umsetzung mit Acetonitril (1968)

Abstract Die Photolyse des Trifluoracetyl‐diazoessigesters in Acetonitril liefert ein substituiertes Oxazol, das zu einem einheitlichen Cyclobutanderivat mit 1.2‐ cis ‐Konfiguration dimerisiert.
Estimating the state of charge of lithium batteries based on fractional-order sliding-mode observer (2014)

This paper considers estimating the state-of-charge (SOC) for lithium-ion batteries, that utilizes a fractional-order (FO) sliding-mode observer (SMO) is investigated. The capacity loss and deterioration resistance can be estimated by the FO SMO. Based on Mittag-Leffler stability theory, the FO SMO is designed and analyzed. The convergence property about FO SMO is shown by utilizing the Lyanunov-Krasovskii function. A key analysis technique is enabled by proposed a fundamental boundedness lemma. The proposed method is easily applied to SOC in order to illustrate robust control properties against system's errors. The simulation examples are used to illustrate effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
The prognostic significance of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), C-erbB-2, Ki-67 and PCNA expression in breast cancer. (1996)

The evaluation of the immunohistochemical expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), c-erbB-2 oncoprotein, proliferating indices Ki-67, and PCNA were determined on 68 primary breast carcinomas. These markers were correlated with each other and with other clinicopathological variables such as: age, tumor size? histotype, tumor grade and steroid receptors' content as well as nodal status. The monoclonal antibodies anti-human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR1), anti-human Ki67 (DAKO) and N13259 (Oncogene Science) were applied to paraffin and frozen tissue sections. All markers showed an heterogeneous pattern of staining. There was almost equally high staining intensity at the membranus for EGFR and c-erbB-2 in about 32% of the cases. The EGFR and c-erbB-2 positive cases were much less common in infiltrating lobular (2,2/13) rather than in ductal adenocarcinomas (21,20/55). The low grade carcinomas showed low expression of EGFR and c-erbB-2 oncoprotehl comparing with high grade ductal adenocarcinomas. A high index of Ki-67 was correlated with EGFR and c-erbB-2 membrane positivity. There was an inverse relationship between the expression of c-erbB-2 and EGFR, when compared with oestrogen receptors' content. A significant correlation was also demonstrated between EGFR and c-erbB-2 immunoreactivity with lymph node status. Our results provide evidence that the synchronous immunohistochemical detection of EGFR, c-erbB-2 and Ki-67 may be of useful significance in breast cancer patients, especially when combined with other clinicopathological variables. Furthermore the expression of EGFR and c-erbB-2 oncoprotein may affect the cell proliferation and differentiation.
Some Examples of Dimensional Analysis in Operations Research and Statistics (2005)

Operations Research is an unusual area for the application of Dimensional Analysis but one that has some potential. It has its own set of fundamental dimensions and a rich zoo of dimensional variables, particularly in inventory theory. So DA should prove valuable in developing solutions and preventing errors. It is certainly possible to improve the eciency of one part of of OR, queues and discrete-event simulation, by using simple DA ideas which might be obvious to an engineer or physicist but appears not to be for those of other disciplines. On the other hand we have found Statistics to be less rich in applications though when it can be applied in particular areas it can prove useful. I illustrate the talk with a few examples.
Biquad Gm-C structures which use double-output transconductors (2002)

Two Gm-C biquad structures are derived. They use only two grounded capacitors and three transconductors, two of which have double-outputs. The realization of the double-output transconductors is discussed. It is shown that only two additional transistors are needed to convert a single-output transconductor to a double-output one suitable for implementation of the proposed structures. HSPICE simulations and experimental results of a 5-th order inverse Gaussian filter using the proposed biquad structures are given.
Compound cycle turbofan engine (1983)

The paper discusses the design and development of critical technologies for a near-adiabatic compound cycle turbofan engine (CCTE). The concept involves replacing the combustor of a conventional turbofan engine with a highly supercharged, high-speed, two-stroke, direct-injected diesel core. Primary emphasis was on reducing specific fuel consumption t o improve range x payload product. Critical diesel core technology areas addressed were: cylinder breathinglscavenging, fuel injection, combustion, materials and lubricants. Introduction thereby significantly reduce fuel consumption. For another perspective, a general comparison of BSFC versus Shaft Horsepower for the different engines is shown in Figure 3. A typical energy flow diagram for CCTE showing power splits between power producers and users, heat-recovery, and pressure losses for a typical cycle is shown in Figure 4. TYPICAL BRAKE SPECIFIC FUEL CONSUMPTION 200 [POUNOS ~UEL/HORSEPOWER-HOUR) t I
Immunoexpression of HBME-1, High Molecular Weight Cytokeratin, Cytokeratin 19, Thyroid Transcription Factor-1, and E-cadherin in Thyroid Carcinomas (2005)

To examine the immunohistochemical alterations associated with the histological dedifferentiation of thyroid carcinomas, we performed staining for HBME-1, high molecular weight cytokeratin (HCK), CK 19, thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) and E-cadherin (E-CD) on 125 various types of thyroid carcinomas. The HBME-1 staining was strong and diffuse in follicular carcinoma (FC), papillary carcinoma (PC), and poorly differentiated carcinoma (PDC), while it was rare in undifferentiated carcinoma (UC) as well as in benign lesions. Strong, diffuse staining for CK19 and HCK was predominantly found in PC, and these markers were not much found in other carcinomas. TTF-1 uniformly stained the tumor cells of all cases of PC, FC and Hurthle cell carcinoma (HC) and 42% of the PDC, while there was only focal staining in one case of the UC. Compared to the strong, diffuse reactivity in the benign lesions, E-CD staining was noted in 67% of PC, 80% of FC, 83% of HC, 58% of PDC and none of the UC. These results suggest that HBME-1 may be a marker for well-differentiated carcinomas while CK19 and HCK are phenotypic markers for papillary carcinoma. The loss or reduced expression of TTF-1 and E-CD may be markers for dedifferentiation.
Retailer Web Site Influence On Customer Shopping: Exploratory Study on Key Factors of Customer Satisfaction (2002)

The Internet/World Wide Web (Web) is a critical medium for the sharing of business information between retail firms and their customers (business-to-customer or B2C). Although electronic commerce (e-commerce) has received considerable research attention, little research has examined the effect of e-commerces Web presentations on retail customer shopping experiences. This two-phase study explored customer reactions to Web retailers presentations of their products/services, attempting to identify Web-site characteristics that contribute to customer satisfaction arising from the Web-based shopping experience. Findings from use of the qualitative method of existential phenomenology were explored further with quantitative analyses including logistic regression. Findings suggest that two key elements in inpositivele retail Web sites are convenience of site use and simplicity of site design for the customers access to information about product/service characteristics and customer-service policies.
Low-rank Orthogonal Decompositions for Information Retrieval Applications (1996)

Current methods to index and retrieve documents from databases usually depend on a lexical match between query terms and keywords extracted from documents in a database. These methods can produce incomplete or irrelevant results due to the use of synonyms and polysemus words. The association of terms with documents (or implicit semantic structure) can be derived using large sparse {\it term-by-document} matrices. In fact, both terms and documents can be matched with user queries using representations in k-space (where 100 ≤ k ≤ 200) derived from k of the largest approximate singular vectors of these term-by-document matrices. This completely automated approach called latent semantic indexing or LSI, uses subspaces spanned by the approximate singular vectors to encode important associative relationships between terms and documents in k-space. Using LSI, two or more documents may be closeto each other in k-space (and hence meaning) yet share no common terms. The focus of this work is to demonstrate the computational advantages of exploiting low-rank orthogonal decompositions such as the ULV (or URV) as opposed to the truncated singular value decomposition (SVD) for the construction of initial and updated rank-k subspaces arising from LSI applications.
Simultaneous Detection and Differentiation of Human Rhino- and Enteroviruses in Clinical Specimens by Real-Time PCR with Locked Nucleic Acid Probes (2013)

ABSTRACT Human rhinoviruses (HRVs) and human enteroviruses (HEVs) are significant respiratory pathogens. While HRV infections are restricted to the respiratory tract, HEV infections may spread to secondary target organs. The method of choice for sensitive specific detection of these viruses is reverse transcription (RT)-PCR with primers targeting the conserved 5′ noncoding region of the viral RNA. On the other hand, sequence similarities between HRVs and HEVs complicate their differential detection. In this study, we describe the use of locked nucleic acid (LNA) analogues in short double-dye probes which contained only two selectively HRV- or HEV-specific bases. The double-stranded DNA dye BOXTO (4-[6-(benzoxazole-2-yl-(3-methyl-)-2,3-dihydro-(benzo-1,3-thiazole)-2-methylidene)]-1-methyl-quinolinium chloride) was used with the LNA probes in a tricolor real-time PCR assay to allow specific detection of HRVs (probes labeled with 6-carboxyfluorescein [FAM] [green]) and HEVs (Cy5 [red]) with additional melting curve analysis (BOXTO [yellow]). The functionality of the probes was validated in PCR and RT-PCR assays using plasmids containing viral cDNA, quantified viral RNA transcripts, cultivated rhino- and enterovirus prototypes, and clinical specimens. Of 100 HRV and 63 HEV prototypes, the probes correctly identified all HEVs except one that produced only a BOXTO signal. Among 118 clinical specimens with sequencing results, concordant results were obtained for 116 specimens. Two specimens were reactive with both probes, but sequencing yielded only a single virus. Real-time PCR with LNA probes allowed sensitive group-specific identification of HRVs and HEVs and would enable relative copy number determination. The assay is suitable for rapid and accurate differential detection of HRVs and HEVs in a diagnostic laboratory setting.
The Effect of a Bioresorbable Matrix Barrier in Endodontic Surgery on the Rate of Periapical Healing: An In Vivo Study (2002)

The purpose of this prospective clinical study was to assess the rate of healing of periapical bony defects created at the time of endodontic periapical surgery by measuring the densitometric ratio change in periapical osseous tissues, after periapical endodontic surgery was performed, by using or not using Guidor bioresorbable membrane material. Periapical surgeries were performed on 25 patients where nonsurgical root canal therapy had failed and a periapical lesion was present. For inclusion in the study, the osseous defect to be analyzed had to be confined to the apical area, with bone covering the entire root surface coronally, and an intact lingual cortical plate had to be present. A series of radiographs at the 3-, 6-, and 12-month recalls were compared with the radiograph taken immediately after surgery by using digital imaging and a densitometric ratio that gave a numerical estimation of osseous healing. Using repeated-measure ANOVA, it was shown that there was no statistical difference between the rate of healing in those cases where a Guidor resorbable membrane was used and those cases where no membrane was used. The results suggest that placement of a guided tissue membrane over the bony opening created during an endodontic periapical surgical procedure has no beneficial effect on the rate of healing and the added expense to the patient would not be warranted in these cases.
Moderne Röntgenbeugung (2009)

Das Buch bietet einen umfassenden Ãberblick Ã¼ber die Anwendungen der RÃ¶ntgenbeugung in Gebieten wie Werkstofftechnik, Metallurgie, Elektrotechnik, Maschinenbau sowie Mikro- und Nanotechnik. Die nÃ¶tigen Grundkenntnisse der RÃ¶ntgenbeugung werden fundiert und anschaulich vermittelt. Dabei werden neue Techniken und Auswerteverfahren ebenso dargestellt wie altbekannte Methoden.
Studies of Stannic Oxide as an Anode Material for Lithium‐Ion Batteries (1998)

The structural evolution of fine powder prepared by a sol‐gel method upon heat‐treatment was investigated by using x‐ray diffraction. Electrochemical measurements showed that the reversible capacity of lithium ion reaction with the electrode could be as high as 600 mAh/g. The mechanism of lithium ion reaction was studied by ex situ x‐ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. Two processes were revealed: a substitution reaction, in which is reduced and Sn is formed, followed by alloy formation.
The effect of soluble- and insoluble-fibre supplementation on post-prandial glucose tolerance, insulin and gastric inhibitory polypeptide secretion in healthy subjects (1990)

Six healthy non-obese male subjects were given three test meals containing 100 g carbohydrate and 1.5 g soluble paracetamol, supplemented on one occasion with 10 g guar gum and on another with 10 g sugarbeet fiber. A further six subjects were given the same test meal supplemented on one occasion with 10 g soya-bean-cotyledon fibre and on another, 5 g glucomannan. Venous blood samples were taken before, and at intervals for 180 min following the meal, and analysed for insulin, gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) and paracetamol (as an index of gastric emptying). Arterialized blood samples were taken and analysed for glucose. Meal supplementation with both guar gum and sugar-beet fibre improved glucose tolerance, but circulating glucose levels were unaffected by the addition of either soya-bean-cotyledon fibre or glucomannan to the meals. Supplementation with guar gum and glucomannan lowered post-prandial insulin levels. Insulin levels were enhanced by addition of soya-bean-cotyledon fibre to the meal and unaffected by sugar-beet fibre. Post-prandial GIP levels were lowered in the guar-gum-supplemented meal and augmented with sugar-beet fibre supplementation. Addition of glucomannan and soya-bean-cotyledon fibre did not affect circulating GIP levels. The study failed to confirm previous reports of improved glucose tolerance following glucomannan and soya-bean-cotyledon fibre supplementation. The failure of sugar-beet fibre to reduce post-prandial insulin secretion despite improved glucose tolerance may be due to the observed increased secretion of GIP. The increased insulin levels seen following soya-bean-cotyledon fibre supplementation cannot be attributed either to changes in glucose tolerance, GIP secretion or gastric emptying.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Fibrillin assemblies: extracellular determinants of tissue formation and fibrosis (2010)

The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a key role in tissue formation, homeostasis and repair, mutations in ECM components have catastrophic consequences for organ function and therefore, for the fitness and survival of the organism. Collagen, fibrillin and elastin polymers represent the architectural scaffolds that impart specific mechanic properties to tissues and organs. Fibrillin assemblies (microfibrils) have the additional function of distributing, concentrating and modulating local transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signals that regulate a plethora of cellular activities, including ECM formation and remodeling. Fibrillins also contain binding sites for integrin receptors, which induce adaptive responses to changes in the extracellular microenvironment by reorganizing the cytoskeleton, controlling gene expression, and releasing and activating matrix-bound latent TGF-β complexes. Genetic evidence has indicated that fibrillin-1 and fibrillin-2 contribute differently to the organization and structural properties of non-collagenous architectural scaffolds, which in turn translate into discrete regulatory outcomes of locally released TGF-β and BMP signals. Additionally, the study of congenital dysfunctions of fibrillin-1 has yielded insights into the pathogenesis of acquired connective tissue disorders of the connective tissue, such as scleroderma. On the one hand, mutations that affect the structure or expression of fibrillin-1 perturb microfibril biogenesis, stimulate improper latent TGF-β activation, and give rise to the pleiotropic manifestations in Marfan syndrome (MFS). On the other hand, mutations located around the integrin-binding site of fibrillin-1 perturb cell matrix interactions, architectural matrix assembly and extracellular distribution of latent TGF-β complexes, and lead to the highly restricted fibrotic phenotype of Stiff Skin syndrome. Understanding the molecular similarities and differences between congenital and acquired forms of skin fibrosis may therefore provide new therapeutic tools to mitigate or even prevent disease progression in scleroderma and perhaps other fibrotic conditions.
Composite joints of aerostructures (2002)

The paper presents the idea and also static tensile tests and fatigue tests of composite node joints of load-bearing structures. This innovative idea of joints of composite construction is an alternative solution for classical concept of the node joint. Results of tests are very promising. It has been suggested that presented idea of composite node joint could also be applied to use in more complex structures. Composite node joints with kevlar, glass and carbon component has been tested. This idea is patented.
Retarding Field Optics For Practical Electron Beam Lithography (1984)

Recent work in retarding field optics for electron beam lithography has concentrated on the advantages to be gained for low electron landing energies (< 4 keV). We have examined the benefits obtained from the use of a retarding field when the electron landing energy is conventional (10-20 keV), eliminating the necessity for novel resist systems. The improved aberrations resulting from the use of a retarding field are discussed, and the reduction of space charge effects is simulated using a Monte Carlo calculation. Preliminary results indicate that a four-fold increase in current can be realized for a beam of given sharpness by using the retarding field. Practical considerations for implementing retarding field optics are examined.
A novel cGMP-dependent protein kinase from Paramecium. (1988)

An unusual monomeric cGMP-dependent protein kinase, enriched in cilia, was isolated from Paramecium cilia and whole cells. Cilia and whole cell extracts had relatively high ratios of cGMP-dependent to cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity (1:2). The calculated molecular weight of the native enzyme was 88,000. The enzyme was identified on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels as a 77,000 molecular weight band based on copurification of this protein with enzyme activity, 8-N3-[32P]cAMP labeling, and autophosphorylation. Based on the size of the native enzyme, it was concluded that the kinase is a monomer with cGMP-binding and catalytic activities on the same polypeptide. Dimer-sized cGMP-dependent protein kinase, like that of the well characterized mammalian enzyme, was never seen, despite stringent efforts to control proteolysis. The structure of the Paramecium cGMP-dependent protein kinase supports a model in which the dimeric vertebrate form of the enzyme evolved from an early monomeric form. The catalytic properties of the Paramecium enzyme differed in several respects from those of the mammalian enzyme: it could use GTP or ATP as the phosphoryl donor, it did not phosphorylate Kemptide effectively, and it had poor histone kinase activity with high Mg2+ concentrations. Quercertin, 5'-guanylyl imidodiphosphate, indomethacin, and the isoquinolinesulfonamide drug H7 inhibited Paramecium cGMP-dependent protein kinase activity. The enzyme had fast and slow binding sites (with kd values of 5-10 x 10(-3)s-1 and 0.44 x 10(-3)s-1) and showed an order of preference for cyclic nucleotides and cyclic nucleotide analogs similar to that of the mammalian enzyme.
Synchronized PWM control of asymmetrical dual-inverter fed open-end winding traction drive (2012)

Space-vector-based synchronized PWM algorithms have been applied to the control of a dual-inverter fed open-end winding induction motor drive supplied by two isolated dc sources with non-equal voltages. It has been shown that algorithms of synchronized PWM provide continuous phase voltage symmetry for any ratio (integral or fractional) of switching frequency to fundamental frequency of the inverters and also for any ratio between the two dc source voltage levels of these systems. Phase voltage spectra of open-end winding drives for both continuous and discontinuous schemes of synchronized PWM do not contain even harmonics and sub-harmonics during the whole control range, including the zone of over-modulation which is especially important for the medium and high-power traction systems.