gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electronic stabilization of sulfenes (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectronic stabilization of sulfenesLeo A. Paquette, John P. Freeman, and Robert W. HouserCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1969, 34, 10, 2901–2905Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01262a020https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01262a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views141Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Computer vision for automatic inspection of complex metal patterns on multichip modules (MCM-D) (1995)

Computer vision techniques have been developed and implemented in a high volume manufacturing environment for automatic optical inspection (AOI) of multichip modules with thin films (MCM-D). Inspection-of complex thin film metal patterns for critical defects despite high topological and cosmetic variation is discussed in this paper. An Orbot TF501 inspection platform was used to implement the procedures and algorithms. The techniques presented are capable of detecting both electrical and non-electrical defects. Electrical defects include near shorts, resistive opens, and near opens such as dishdowns where there may be a local height reduction in a signal line. Non-electrical defects include wrong metallurgy, defects with height and contamination. AOI may be used to shorten cycle time, improve yields and better control latent defects.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Nineteenth-Century Information Revolution (1999)

Book Review| January 01 1999 The Nineteenth-Century Information Revolution Lightning Wires: The Telegraph and China's Technological Modernization, 1860-1890Baark, ErikA New History of the English Public Library: Social and Intellectual Contexts, 1850-1914Black, AlistairEmpire and Information: Intelligence Gathering and Social Communication in India, 1780-1870Bayly, C. A.Reading Berlin 1900Fritzsche, PeterThe News under Russia's Old Regime: The Development of a Mass Circulation PressMcReynolds, LouiseNumbers and Nationhood: Writing Statistics in Nineteenth-Century ItalyPatriarca, SilvanaFree to All: Carnegie Libraries and American Culture 1890-1920Van Slyck, Abigail A. Jonathan Rose Jonathan Rose Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Nineteenth Century Studies (1999) 13 (1): 203–212. https://doi.org/10.2307/45196828 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation Jonathan Rose; The Nineteenth-Century Information Revolution. Nineteenth Century Studies 1 January 1999; 13 (1): 203–212. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/45196828 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectivePenn State University PressNineteenth Century Studies Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright © 1999, Nineteenth Century Studies Association1999Nineteenth Century Studies Association Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Thermal and chemical stability of Se-passivated GaAs surfaces (1990)

We report on the thermal and chemical stability of (100) GaAs interfaces passivated with aqueous, selenium-based reagents. Photoluminescence from the Se treated surfaces shows that they remain passivated after extended water rinses. The surfaces were studied under ultrahigh vacuum by reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) from room temperature to 620 °C. A streaky (1×1) RHEED pattern at low temperature gives way at 580 °C to a stable (4×1) reconstruction, suggesting strong bonding between Se and the GaAs surface. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirms the presence of Se at the surface at high temperature, possibly in the form of gallium selenate. The stability of these Se-treated interfaces suggests that chemical treatments could be used in conjunction with molecular beam epitaxy to obtain high-quality regrown interfaces.
ChemInform Abstract: Properties of Ion Clusters: Interactions of (Ru(NH3)5H2O)3+ and (Ru( NH3)6)3+ with (Ru(CN)6)4‐ and (Fe(CN)6)4‐. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Comparison of Minute Smears of Lipstick by Microspectrophotometry and Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy-Dispersive Spectroscopy (1991)

Abstract Minute lipstick smears are sometimes found as evidence on clothing, eigarette butts, bedding, and miscellaneous crime scene surfaces. Traditional techniques, such as visible-absorption spectroscopy, and paper and thin-layer chromatography, are not always suitable for comparison of the trace amounts of lipstick which usually occur in actual casework. Microspectrophotometry and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), in combination with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were evaluated for comparison of minute lipstick samples. Microspectrophotometry proved very promising in differentiating lipstick samples of nearly the same color but with minor shade differences. Backscattered electron imaging followed by X-ray microanalysis was used as an additional method for discrimination purposes. Both of these techniques can rapidly analyze microscopic samples of lipstick.
Track: The New Beam Dynamics Code (2006)

The new ray-tracing code TRACK originally developed to fulfill the special requirements of the RIA accelerator systems is a general beam dynamics code. It is currently being used for the design and simulation of future proton and heavy-ion linacs at several Labs. This paper presents a general description of the code TRACK emphasizing its main new features and recent updates.
Autonomic Control of the Eye (2014)

The autonomic nervous system influences numerous ocular functions. It does this by way of parasympathetic innervation from postganglionic fibers that originate from neurons in the ciliary and pterygopalatine ganglia, and by way of sympathetic innervation from postganglionic fibers that originate from neurons in the superior cervical ganglion. Ciliary ganglion neurons project to the ciliary body and the sphincter pupillae muscle of the iris to control ocular accommodation and pupil constriction, respectively. Superior cervical ganglion neurons project to the dilator pupillae muscle of the iris to control pupil dilation. Ocular blood flow is controlled both via direct autonomic influences on the vasculature of the optic nerve, choroid, ciliary body, and iris, as well as via indirect influences on retinal blood flow. In mammals, this vasculature is innervated by vasodilatory fibers from the pterygopalatine ganglion, and by vasoconstrictive fibers from the superior cervical ganglion. Intraocular pressure is regulated primarily through the balance of aqueous humor formation and outflow. Autonomic regulation of ciliary body blood vessels and the ciliary epithelium is an important determinant of aqueous humor formation; autonomic regulation of the trabecular meshwork and episcleral blood vessels is an important determinant of aqueous humor outflow. These tissues are all innervated by fibers from the pterygopalatine and superior cervical ganglia. In addition to these classical autonomic pathways, trigeminal sensory fibers exert local, intrinsic influences on many of these regions of the eye, as well as on some neurons within the ciliary and pterygopalatine ganglia.
Protocol II: Importance and Methods of Telomere G-Tail Length Quantification (2009)

All eukaryotic chromosome DNA ends have telomere DNA consisting of double-stranded telomere DNA repeats, which terminate in single-stranded 3′-overhangs called G-tails. Unprotected and exposed G-tails may be recognized by DNA damage signaling, inducing apoptotic signals that may cause dysfunction of tissues or initiation of carcinogenesis. Although G-tail length is essential for telomere end protection mechanism, the involvement of G-tail length in diseases is poorly understood. In this review, we introduce the importance of G-tail length and various protocols for G-tail measurement.
ChemInform Abstract: 4β‐[(4‐Alkyl)‐1,2,3‐triazol‐1‐yl] Podophyllotoxins as Anticancer Compounds: Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation. (2011)

Abstract The title compounds (III) are evaluated for their cytotoxicity against the human cancer cell lines SF‐295, A‐549, PC‐3, Hep‐2, HCT‐15 and MCF‐7.
SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF <i>PSICO</i> -NUCLEOSIDES (2006)

(2006). SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF PSICO-NUCLEOSIDES. Organic Preparations and Procedures International: Vol. 38, No. 2, pp. 101-176.
ChemInform Abstract: UNUSUAL CONVERSION OF AN ALKYNE‐TUNGSTEN COMPLEX INTO A TUNGSTACYCLOPROPANE COMPOUND BY NITROSYL CHLORIDE (1985)

Abstract Bei der Umsetzung des Acetylalkin‐ Komplexes (I) mit Nitrosylchlorid werden neben dem Chloronitrosyl‐Komplex (II) als Nebenprodukt die Wolframacyclopropankomplexe (IIIA) und (IIIB) isoliert.
Occurrence of<i>Phoma argillacea</i>on<i>Rubus spectabilis</i>in British Columbia and an evaluation of its potential as a forest weed biological control agent (2008)

A survey was conducted on Vancouver Island and in coastal mainland British Columbia of naturally occurring fungal pathogens of salmonberry (Rubus spectabilis), an endemic plant species considered to be undesirable in conifer regeneration sites. Fungi were recovered from necrotic lesions on foliage and stems and identified to genus level. An in vitro pathogenicity test was performed on 281 fungal isolates using detached salmonberry leaves. Nineteen isolates were found to be moderately to highly aggressive, causing >50% leaf area necrosis within 14 days. These included Botrytis cinerea (17 isolates), Phoma sp. (3 isolates), and Septoria rubi (1 isolate). The three isolates of Phoma, identified as P. argillacea, were selected for further testing on salmonberry plants under greenhouse conditions. Mycelial or conidial inoculum were applied to the foliage of plants, which were incubated for 48 h at 20–22 °C and 100% relative humidity (RH) and then grown at 20–22 °C and 55–65% RH, with a 16 h photoperiod, under greenhouse conditions. Extensive necrosis of leaves and stems developed within 14 days for all isolates using mycelia and conidia as inoculum. A minimum of 18 h of continuous leaf wetness and mycelial inoculum of 2.6 × 103 colony forming units/mL was required for infection to occur. In a small host range test, three economically important conifer species, namely Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla), and western red cedar (Thuja plicata), showed tolerance at the seedling stage with <5% disease severity. On red raspberry (Rubus idaeus), P. argillacea caused some initial damage (leaf spots and chlorosis) but failed to cause cane blight. These results demonstrate the pathogenicity of P. argillacea on salmonberry and the conditions required for establishing disease.
Visual recognition of hexagonal headed bolts by comparing ICA to wavelets (2003)

In this paper we present vision-based techniques to automatically detect the absence of the fastening bolts that secure the rails to the sleepers. The inspection system uses images from a digital line scan camera installed under a train. This application is part of the most general problem of object recognition. In object recognition as in supervised learning, we often extract new features from original ones for the purpose of reducing the feature space dimensions and achieving better performances. The goal of this paper is to compare two techniques within the context of the hexagonal-headed bolts recognition in railway maintenance. The first technique is Wavelets Transform (WT), the second technique is Independent Component Analysis (ICA), a new method that produces spatially localized and statistically independent basis vector. The coefficients of the new representation in the ICA and WT subspace are supplied as input to a Support Vector Machine (SVM). A SVM classifier analyses the images in order to evaluate the pre-processing technique which could give the highest rate in detecting the presence of the bolts. Results in terms of detection rate and false positive rate are given in the paper.
Multiple Genotypes of the Commonly Co-Segregating Toll-Like Receptor 4 Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile in Baluchi Malaria Patients from Iran. (2013)

Differences in the co-segregation patterns of TLR4 Asp299Gly/Thr399Ile genotypes in the Baluchi population compared to other malaria endemic populations may suggest different local evolutionary pressure on TLR4 polymorphisms by malaria in this region. The higher frequency of Asp299Gly/Thr399Ile genotypes among the Baluchi population compared with the African population (p< 0.05) which suffers from a larger number of severe cases might suggest that this genotype has a role in protecting against severe malaria. These findings are useful for further understanding the pathogenesis of severe malaria.
Discovery of a Cytokinin Deaminase (2011)

An enzyme of unknown function within the amidohydrolase superfamily was discovered to catalyze the hydrolysis of N-6-substituted adenine derivatives, several of which are cytokinins. Cytokinins are a common type of plant hormone and N-6-substituted adenines are also found as modifications to tRNA. Patl2390, from Pseudoalteromonas atlantica T6c, was shown to hydrolytically deaminate N-6-isopentenyladenine to hypoxanthine and isopentenylamine with a k(cat)/K(m) of 1.2 × 10(7) M(-1) s(-1). Additional substrates include N-6-benzyl adenine, cis- and trans-zeatin, kinetin, O-6-methylguanine, N-6-butyladenine, N-6-methyladenine, N,N-dimethyladenine, 6-methoxypurine, 6-chloropurine, and 6-thiomethylpurine. This enzyme does not catalyze the deamination of adenine or adenosine. A comparative model of Patl2390 was computed using the three-dimensional crystal structure of Pa0148 (PDB code 3PAO ) as a structural template, and docking was used to refine the model to accommodate experimentally identified substrates. This is the first identification of an enzyme that will hydrolyze an N-6-substituted side chain larger than methylamine from adenine.
ChemInform Abstract: ORGANISCHE SCHWEFELVERBINDUNGEN MIT BIOLOGISCHEM INTERESSE 4. MITT. SYNTH. UND EIGENSCHAFTEN VON 1,2,5‐TRITHIEPAN, EINER MODELLVERBINDUNG ZUR UNTERSUCHUNG VON BENACHBARTEN SULFID‐ UND DISULFID‐EINHEITEN (1970)

Abstract Die Oxidation von Bis‐β‐mercaptoäthyl‐sulfid (I) mit Eisen(III)‐chlorid liefert das l,2,5‐Trithiepan (II), das z.B. zu (III) methyliert und zum Sulfoxid (IV) oxidiert werden kann.
Ultra-stable all-solid-state sodium-metal batteries enabled by perfluoropolyether-based electrolytes (2021)

Abstract Rechargeable batteries paired with sodium (Na)-metal anodes are considered as one of the most promising high energy and low-cost energy storage systems. However, the use of highly reactive Na metal and the formation of Na dendrites during battery operation have caused significant safety concerns, especially when highly flammable liquid electrolytes are used. Herein, we design and develop a solvent-free solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) based on a perfluoropolyether (PFPE) terminated polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based block copolymer for safe and stable all-solid-state Na-metal batteries. Compared with traditional poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) or PEG SPEs, our results suggest that block copolymer design allows for the formation of self-assembled microstructures leading to high storage modulus at elevated temperatures with the PEG domains providing transport channels even at high salt concentration (EO/Na+ = 8:2). Moreover, it is demonstrated that the incorporation of PFPE segments enhances the Na+ transference number of the electrolyte to 0.46 at 80 oC. Finally, the proposed SPE exhibits highly stable symmetric cell cycling performance with high current density (0.5 mA cm-2 and 1.0 mAh cm-2, up to 1300 hours). The assembled all-solid-state Na-metal batteries with Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode demonstrate outstanding rate performance, high capacity retention and long-term charge/discharge stability (CE = 99.91%) after more than 900 cycles.
Poética e innovación en la "Alejandra" de Licofrón: to skoteinon (2003)

This paper deals with a particular point in Lycophron’s poetry, who was a true tragic mannerist during Hellenistic times: the issue of Latebras Lycophronis atri or poetic subterfuges in dark Lycophron (Statius, Silu. V 2, 157), following a first status quaestionis. Likewise, in relation to this topic, a contrastive analysis is provided on Lycophron’s verbal art vs. Euphorion’s, two poetae docti from Calcis exhibiting a truly similar poetry, given specific
Sinapic Acid and Sinapate Esters in Brassica: Innate Accumulation, Biosynthesis, Accessibility via Chemical Synthesis or Recovery From Biomass, and Biological Activities (2021)

Sinapic acid (SinA) and corresponding esters are secondary metabolites abundantly found in plants of Brassica family. Belonging to the family of <i>p</i>-hydroxycinnamic acids, SinA and its esters analogues are present in different plant parts and involved in multiple biological processes <i>in planta</i>. Moreover, these metabolites are also found in relatively large quantities in agro-industrial wastes. Nowadays, these metabolites are increasingly drawing attention due to their bioactivities which include antioxidant, anti-microbial, anti-cancer and UV filtering activities. As a result, these metabolites find applications in pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries. In this context, this article reviews innate occurrence, biosynthesis, accessibility <i>via</i> chemical synthesis or direct extraction from agro-industrial wastes. Biological activities of SinA and its main corresponding esters will also be discussed.
Die diabetischen Augenveränderungen (1956)

Drug Prescribing for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in General Practice: a Cross-Sectional Study
Ten-Year Trends in Coronary Calcification in Individuals without Clinical Cardiovascular Disease in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (2014)

There was a significant secular trend towards increased prevalence of CAC over 10 years among African Americans and no change in three other ethnic groups. Trends did not reflect concurrent general improvement in risk factors. The trend towards a higher prevalence of CAC in African Americans suggests that CHD risk in this population is not improving relative to other groups.
Thin-walled Tube Supported by Coil Spring for Small Diameter Active Catheters (2000)

New fabrication method of small diameter tubular structures which are suitable for active catheters and active guide wires was developed. These tubular structures consist of metal spring coil and evaporated parylene membrane. An anticoagulant polyurethane is used as outer membrane structure. Fabrication process is simple and the fabricated tubes are kink-free and buckling-free in spite of its flexibility and thin wall.
A Linear Time-Domain Two-Fluid Model Analysis of Dynamic Instability in Boiling Flow Systems (1986)

A linear analysis of dynamic instability in boiling flow systems has been carried out in the time domain. An unequal velocity, unequal temperature two-fluid model description of boiling flow is used. Instability threshold results of the density-wave oscillation type obtained have been compared with experimental data from Refrigerant-113 and water systems with satisfactory agreement.
Behavioral Model of Solid State Power Amplifiers (SSPAs) for Agile Antennas Application (2010)

International audience
Parathyroid Hormone Potentiates Nucleotide-induced [Ca2+] Release in Rat Osteoblasts Independently of Gq Activation or Cyclic Monophosphate Accumulation (2001)

The regulation of tissue turnover requires the coordinated activity of both local and systemic factors. Nucleotides exist transiently in the extracellular environment, where they serve as ligands to P2 receptors. Here we report that the localized release of these nucleotides can sensitize osteoblasts to the activity of systemic factors. We have investigated the ability of parathyroid hormone (PTH), a principal regulator of bone resorption and formation, to potentiate signals arising from nucleotide stimulation of UMR-106 clonal rat osteoblasts. PTH receptor activation alone did not lead to [Ca(2+)](i) elevation in these cells, indicating no G(q) coupling, however, activation of G(q)-coupled P2Y(1) receptors resulted in characteristic [Ca(2+)](i) release. PTH potentiated this nucleotide-induced Ca(2+) release, independently of Ca(2+) influx. PTH-(1-31), which activates only G(s), mimicked the actions of PTH-(1-34), whereas PTH-(3-34), which only activates G(q), was unable to potentiate nucleotide-induced [Ca(2+)](i) release. Despite this coupling of the PTHR to G(s), cAMP accumulation or protein kinase A activation did not contribute to the potentiation. 3-Isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, but not forskolin effectively potentiated nucleotide-induced [Ca(2+)](i) release, however, further experiments proved that cyclic monophosphates were not involved in the potentiation mechanism. Costimulation of UMR-106 cells with P2Y(1) agonists and PTH led to increased levels of cAMP response element-binding protein phosphorylation and a synergistic effect was observed on endogenous c-fos gene expression following costimulation. In fact the calcium responsive Ca/cAMP response element of the c-fos promoter alone was effective at driving this synergistic gene expression. These findings demonstrate that nucleotides can provide a targeted response to systemic factors, such as PTH, and have important implications for PTH-induced signaling in bone.
Pupil function replication in OTF synthesis (1979)

Computer-generated pupil transparencies play an important role in diffraction-limited (nonimage casting) spatial filtering with spatially incoherent optical systems. By replicating the basic 2-D pupil function structure in a regular array, it is possible to increase system light efficiency, to reduce the effects of noise, and to eliminate virtually all effects of aliasing errors that result from filter design procedures usually employed. A general analysis and experimental results are presented.
Comment on ‘Magnetic relaxation phenomena and inter-particle interactions in nanosized γ<i>-</i>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>systems’ (2005)

Predoi et al (2003 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 15 1797) analysed Mossbauer spectra of powders of γ-Fe2O3 particles with a varying degree of hydration or with sulfate coating in terms of surface effects, superparamagnetic relaxation, and inter-particle interactions. We show that the paper is based on an incorrect presentation of the materials and the reported analyses are misleading throughout.