gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prostaglandin F<sub>2α</sub>stimulates CFTR activity by PKA- and PKC-dependent phosphorylation (1998)

The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) can be activated by protein kinase A (PKA)- or protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent phosphorylation. To understand how activation of both kinases affects CFTR activity, transfected NIH/3T3 cells were stimulated with forskolin (FSK), phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), or prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF). PGF stimulates inositol trisphosphate and cAMP production in NIH/3T3 cells. As measured by I- efflux, maximal CFTR activity with PGF and FSK was equivalent and fivefold greater than that with PMA. Both PGF and PMA had additive effects on FSK-dependent CFTR activity. PMA did not increase cellular cAMP, and maximal PGF-dependent CFTR activity occurred with approximately 20% of the cellular cAMP observed with FSK-dependent activation. Staurosporine, but not H-89, inhibited CFTR activation and in vivo phosphorylation at low PGF concentrations. In contrast, at high PGF concentrations, CFTR activation and in vivo phosphorylation were inhibited by H-89. As judged by protease digestion, the sites of in vivo CFTR phosphorylation with FSK and PMA differed. For PGF, the data were most consistent with in vivo CFTR phosphorylation by PKA and PKC. Our data suggest that activation of PKC can enhance PKA-dependent CFTR activation.
Reclassifying Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol version 4 (DHCPv4) Options (2004)

managed by IANA in accordance with RFC 2939.This document directs IANA to make these option codes available for assignment as publicly defined DHCP options for future options.
Defining target antigens in linear IgA disease using skin from subjects with inherited epidermolysis bullosa as a substrate for indirect immunofluorescence microscopy (1999)

Identification of target antigens in immunobullous disorders usually involves laborious techniques such as immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation, which do not always provide conclusive data. This is particularly true of linear IgA disease (LAD) in which the target antigen has often proved difficult to identify. As an alternative means of antigen identification in five adult patients with LAD, we performed indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) microscopy on a panel of skin samples taken from subjects with different forms of inherited epidermolysis bullosa (EB). Skin samples were selected that showed a complete absence of immunostaining for a specific basement membrane zone (BMZ) molecule (type VII collagen, laminin 5 or the 180-kDa bullous pemphigoid antigen BP180). In each case, the underlying genetic mutations had been defined and shown to consist of premature termination codons on both alleles of the particular gene, resulting in total ablation of the encoded protein. Two epidermal-binding LAD sera showed BMZ fluorescence on all substrates except BP180-deficient skin, suggesting that the target antigen was BP180, or a closely related molecule. In contrast, two dermal-binding LAD sera were positive on all substrates except the type VII collagen-deficient skin, suggesting that the target antigen was likely to be type VII collagen. One LAD serum sample, which showed combined dermal and epidermal fluorescence on normal salt-split skin, was also positive on all substrates tested, suggesting a target antigen other than type VII collagen, laminin 5 or BP180. The study confirms that LAD is a heterogeneous disorder and illustrates that IIF using a panel of skin samples which lack specific BMZ molecules, taken from subjects with inherited EB, is a relatively simple and useful tool to help identify target antigens in immunobullous disorders.
Margarine and margarine oil, formulation and control (1978)

Abstract The formulation and control of margarine and margarine oils is based primarily on an understanding of the relationships between specific physical measurements and the compositions of the oils blends and their components, and secondarily, on an appreciation of processing effects, Desirable solids‐to‐liquid ratios are achieved by blending and hydrogenation control. Oils are chosen for their peculiar crystal habit resulting from conditions of processing both as oils, for components, and as a finished margarine product. This presentation identifies the underlying principles directly responsible for (a) proper formulation and control to achieve desirable finished product characteristics, (b) for choosing proper testing methods and (c) for developing adequate in‐process controls.
Human leukocyte interferon as part of a combined treatment for previously untreated small cell lung cancer. (1985)

Human leukocyte interferon, HuIFN-alpha (LE), has been tested in combination with radiotherapy and chemotherapy for previously untreated small cell lung cancer. Nine patients with limited disease received high-dose IFN followed by a low-dose regimen; and six patients had a low-dose regimen from the beginning. The high dosage of IFN consisted of 800 X 10(6) IU given as a continuous intravenous infusion for 5 days, followed by 6 X 10(6) IU i.m. three times weekly. If the first site of disease progression was local or in a central nervous system location, radiotherapy (55 Gy/20 F/7 weeks locally and/or 30 Gy/10 F/2 weeks whole brain) was applied and IFN was continued. Chemotherapy was administered only if there was disease dissemination outside the chest. Three patients achieved minor response for as long as 20, 25, and 42 weeks, respectively, with IFN alone. Three of five complete responders to IFN-radiotherapy died 18, 33, and 41 weeks from the start of IFN treatment without chemotherapy. Autopsy did not reveal macroscopic or microscopic tumor at any site, but there was severe radiation pneumonitis. Four of nine patients were administered chemotherapy subsequent to IFN-radiotherapy because of disease dissemination. The median length of survival of the entire group was 41 weeks. On the low-dose regimen, one patient achieved partial response with IFN alone (duration, 12 weeks); of five evaluable patients three achieved complete remission and two partial remission to IFN-radiotherapy, and one of the three complete responders to IFN-radiotherapy died of severe radiation pneumonitis at 21 weeks from the start of IFN treatment. No tumor was detected at autopsy. The study is in progress. Average survival at present is 33 weeks. The results derived from both our studies suggest a growth-delaying effect of HuIFN-alpha (Le) on small cell lung cancer. They also suggest potentiation of radiation by HuIFN-alpha (Le). Memory and psychomotor dysfunction, fatigue, and anorexia were dose limiting with both short-duration, high-dose and long-duration, low-dose IFN therapy. We feel that IFN, as part of a combined multimodality treatment of small cell lung cancer, may play a role by delaying metastatic dissemination.
Mutations of p53 gene in gastric carcinoma in Taiwan. (2001)

p53 gene mutation might contribute to the pathogenesis of human gastric carcinoma. However, the suggestion awaits further investigation for confirmation.
Hash based optimization for faster access to inverted index (2016)

Inverted Index is an important data structure in computer science. It is used to create a mapping between a word and the set of documents in which that word appears. Thus, it is used to store documents per word. Currently, the output of inverted indexing is stored haphazardly in a look up table. Hence traversing through the look up table for fetching indexes requires linear search. The time complexity of linear search is O(n) where n is the number of words whose inverted index has been stored. In this paper, a hash based optimization is proposed for storing the output of inverted index which can reduce the searching time complexity to O(1). Since inverted indexes are quite popular in big data applications like search engines, a MapReduce implementation of the proposed technique is also presented which can be easily implemented in a distributed environment.
Noether-Lie Symmetry of Generalized Classical Mechanical Systems (2008)

在这篇论文， Noether 谎言对称和概括古典机械系统的保存数量被学习。定义和为在组的一般无穷小的转变下面的系统的 Noether 谎言对称的标准被给。Noether 保存了数量， Hojman 保存了从 Noether 谎言对称推出的数量被获得。一个例子被给说明结果的申请。
SAR image adaptive MAP filtering based on the generalized Gaussian model (2007)

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images are inherently affected by a signal dependent noise known as speckle, which is due to the radar wave coherence. In this paper, we propose a novel adaptive despeckling filter and derive a <i>maximum a posteriori </i>(MAP) estimator for the radar cross section (RCS). We first employ a logarithmic transformation to change the multiplicative speckle noise into additive noise. We model the RCS using the recently introduced <i>Generalized Gaussian</i> density function<sup>[1]</sup>, Which was proved to be the best described for the SAR Amplitude. We estimate model parameters from noisy observations by means of second-kind statistics theory, which relies on the Mellin transform. Finally, we compare the proposed algorithm with several classical speckle filters applied on actual SAR images. Experimental results show that the MAP filter based on the Generalized Gaussian prior for the RCS is among the best for speckle removal.
Globemaster, Inc. v. United States. Court No. 71-3-00003 (1972)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
BSR and BHPR guidelines for the management of polymyalgia rheumatica (2009)

Scope and purpose PMR is the most common inflammatory rheumatic disease in the elderly and is one of the biggest indications for long-term steroid therapy. There are difficulties in diagnosis, with heterogeneity in presentation, response to steroids and disease course.
Postsynaptic Complex Spike Bursting Enables the Induction of LTP by Theta Frequency Synaptic Stimulation (1998)

Long-term potentiation (LTP), a persistent enhancement of synaptic transmission that may be involved in some forms of learning and memory, is induced at excitatory synapses in the CA1 region of the hippocampus by coincident presynaptic and postsynaptic activity. Although action potentials back-propagating into dendrites of hippocampal pyramidal cells provide sufficient postsynaptic activity to induce LTP under some in vitro conditions, it is not known whether LTP can be induced by patterns of postsynaptic action potential firing that occur in these cells in vivo. Here we report that a characteristic in vivo pattern of action potential generation in CA1 pyramidal cells known as the complex spike burst enables the induction of LTP during theta frequency synaptic stimulation in the CA1 region of hippocampal slices maintained in vitro. Our results suggest that complex spike bursting may have an important role in synaptic processes involved in learning and memory formation, perhaps by producing a highly sensitive postsynaptic state during which even low frequencies of presynaptic activity can induce LTP.
Range correlation effects on phase and amplitude noise (2002)

The authors address the problem of characterizing the effects of range correlation and local oscillator amplitude and phase noise on the intermediate-frequency (IF) spectrum of a coherent, continuous wave or pulsed Doppler radar. Since the amplitude and phase noises are stochastic processes, the problem is defined in a stochastic processes context, and a reasonable set of assumptions is imposed to produce a general, straightforward, and easily understood solution. The solution clearly indicates how the natural spectrum of the scatterer, the amplitude and phase noise spectra, and range correlation combine to produce the IF spectrum. A specific example is provided for the case of a pulsed Doppler radar. The results presented indicate that range correlation can have a significant impact on the IF spectrum and thus should be considered in radar analysis and design activities.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Using a Two-Stage Technique to Design a Keyword Suggestion System (2010)

Introduction. The study of the keyword suggestion in the field of search engine marketing is an important issue for paid search advertising or sponsored ads. The challenge of this issue is not only to suggest the relevant keywords, but also to find more such keywords. 
Method. In this paper, we will propose a keyword suggestion system, whose main goal is not only to suggest a list of relevant keywords, but also to determine the degree of similarity between the user’s query and each suggested keyword. 
Analysis. Three experiments were performed to illustrate the performance comparison between different systems and the relevant parameters considered in our system.
Results. According to the results of the first experiment, our system was found to be better than other online systems. According to the results of the second experiment, we concluded that the performance of the LSA probability model is better than the random probability model. According to the results of the third experiment, we verified that the termination criteria of our system could yield a cost effective solution within controlled amount of time.
Conclusions. In this paper, we make several contributions. First, we propose an intelligent keyword suggestion system that is based on several semantic analysis methods. Second, we define a new performance metric to compare the results of different systems. Third, we design a combined technique to find a cost effective solution within controlled amount of time.
The Spectra and Structures of Triatomic Free Radicals (1968)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Experimental Methods Dihydrides Monohydrides Nonhydrides Conclusion
Transformation of Streptococcus pneumoniae with S. pneumoniae-lambda phage hybrid DNA: induction of deletions. (1980)

The genetic fate of a fragment of Streptococcus pneumoniae DNA cloned into a derivative of the Escherichia coli bacteriphage lambda has been studied in pneumococcal transformation. Transforming activity of this hybrid DNA is 8 times higher than standard S. pneumoniae DNA. Hybrid DNA is mutagenic for the recipient bacteria. Mutations are induced at a rate of 2 per 1000 transformation events. Most of these mutations are deletions adjacent to the cloned pneumococcal fragment, starting at or near its extremities and extending outside. The length of these deletions, estimated by genetic analysis or by gel electrophoresis of DNA fragments generated by restriction endonucleases, is quite variable, ranging from 150 base pairs to more than 1800 base pairs. Insertion of lambda DNA bas been detected in two large deletions by using DNAxDNA hybridization as a probe. This suggests that nonhomologous regions adjacent to the cloned fragment may be illegitimately integrated by the tranformation process. During the genetic analysis of these induced mutations we have observed that not only these deletions but also spontaneous deletions drastically increase recombination rates when present on donor DNA in transformation of neighboring markers. Such an effect is interpreted as partial exclusion of deletions from synapsis between donor and recipient DNA.
iOS Programming: The Big Nerd Ranch Guide (4th Edition) (2014)

Updated and expanded to cover iOS 7 and Xcode 5, iOS Programming: The Big Nerd Ranch Guide leads you through the essential concepts, tools, and techniques for developing iOS applications. After completing this book, you will have the know-how and the confidence you need to tackle iOS projects of your own. Based on Big Nerd Ranchs popular iOS Bootcamp course and its well-tested materials and methodology, this bestselling guide teaches iOS concepts and coding in tandem. The result is instruction that is relevant and useful. Throughout the book, the authors explain whats important and share their insights into the larger context of the iOS platform. You get a real understanding of how iOS development works, the many features that are available, and when and where to apply what youve learned. Here are some of the topics covered: Xcode 5, Instruments, and Storyboards Building interfaces using the iOS 7 aesthetic ARC and strong and weak references Handling touch events and gestures Toolbars, navigation controllers, and split view controllers Using Auto Layout to scale user interfaces Using Dynamic Type to scale fonts Localization and Internationalization Block syntax and use Saving/loading data: Archiving and Core Data Core Location and Map Kit Communicating with web services using JSON Using the Model-View-Controller-Store design pattern
Feedback Regulation of Pancreatic Enzyme Secretion as a Mechanism for Trypsin Inhibitor-Induced Hypersecretion in Rats (1972)

SummaryThe mechanism by which dietary trypsin inhibitor induces excessive pancreatic secretion was investigated in rats with bile-pancreatic duct fistulas. It was found that removal of bile-pancreatic juice from the intestine resulted in a large increase in pancreatic enzyme secretion. Infusion of trypsin or chymotrypsin as well as bile-pancreatic juice suppressed the secretion of pancreatic enzymes. When trypsin was present in the intestine, a large pancreatic enzyme response was obtained by infusion of trypsin inhibitors. A similar increase in pancreatic enzyme output was evoked when trypsin infusion was stopped. The results indicated that pancreatic enzyme secretion in the rat is subject to feedback inhibition from intestinal trypsin and chymotrypsin, and that trypsin inhibitors stimulate pancreatic enzyme secretion indirectly, by binding or neutralizing trypsin and thereby removing its feedback inhibition.The authors express their thanks to Miss Chris Giotas for her technical assistance.
Dynamics of the quantized radiation field in a cavity vibrating at the fundamental frequency (1999)

We present a method to solve exactly a one-dimensional model of quantized radiations in a cavity oscillating in the fundamental resonance, using the effective Hamiltonian derived by C. K. Law [Phys. Rev. A 49, 433 (1994)]. With this method, we derived explicit analytical expressions for the diagonalized Hamiltonian, the time-varying annihilation, creation, and photon number operators for the radiation field, which completely specify the dynamics of the system.
Self‐Assembly of Nanocellulose and Indomethacin into Hierarchically Ordered Structures with High Encapsulation Efficiency for Sustained Release Applications (2014)

Abstract Cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) were isolated from poplar wood by using a mild chemical pretreatment combined with a high‐intensity ultrasonication method. The as‐prepared CNFs were used as a template to load indomethacin (IMC). With the nucleation and growth of IMC on the surfaces of CNFs and CNF clusters, CNF/IMC composite fibers were eventually fabricated. The effects of solvent and processing method on the structures of the composite fibers were analyzed in terms of morphology, surface charge, and crystal form. Drug‐release characteristics of the composite fibers were evaluated by dissolution tests, in which the drug‐releasing curves of the composite fibers were fitted to a mathematical model describing the releasing kinetics. The experimental results demonstrated that the composite fibers possessed an encapsulation efficiency of up to 97 %, and a sustained drug‐release period of over 30 days.
Effect of High Voltage Monophasic Stimulation on Pressure Ulcer Healing: Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial (2011)

Objective. To investigate the effect of high voltage monopha- sic stimulation (HVMS) on pressure ulcer healing. Methods. Fifty-eight patients with pressure ulcers were included and ultimately allocated into two comparative groups. Patients in group A and B were treated pharmacologically (a local bath of potassium permanganate, com- presses of fibrolan, colistin, iruxol, and wet dressings containing 10% sodium chloride). Patients in group A were additionally treated with HVMS (100 µs, 100 Hz, 100 V) once daily, five times a week for 6 weeks. Results. The relative changes in total surface area were (85.38% in group A versus 40.08% in group B); length (71.22% in group A versus 30.38% in group B); width (76.09% in group A ver- sus 32.48% in group B); and volume (20.69% in group A versus 9.39% in group B). The Gilman Index (0.64 cm in group A versus 0.28 cm in group B) indicated a difference in favor of group A (P ≤ 0.001). More efficient decrease of pus and greater granulation growth were observed in group A. Conclusion. HVMS appears to be a promis- ing and useful treatment modality for pressure ulcers.
Aggregated QoS Mapping Framework for Relative Service Differentiation-Aware Video Streaming (2001)

This research investigates the Quality of Service (QoS) interaction at the edge of differentiated service (DiffServ) domain, denoted by video gateway (VG). VG is responsible for coordinating the QoS mapping between video applications and DiffServ enabled network. To accomplish the goal of achieving economical and high-quality end-to-end video streaming, which utilizes its awareness of relative service differentiation, the proposed QoS control framework includes the following three components: 1) the relative priority based indexing and categorization of streaming video content at sender, 2) the differentiated QoS levels with load variation in DiffServ networks, and 3) the feedforward and feedback mechanisms assisting QoS mapping of categorized index to DS level at the proposed VG. Especially, we focus on building a framework for dynamic QoS mapping, which intends to overcome both the QoS demand variations of CM applications (e.g., varying priorities from aggregated/categorized packets) and the QoS supply variations of DiffServ network (e.g., varying loss/delay due to fluctuating network loads). Thus, with the proposed QoS controls in both feedforward and feedback fashion, enhanced quality provisioning for CM applications (especially video streaming) is investigated under the given pricing model (e.g., DS level differentiated price/packet).
Globalización y política educativa en Argentina desde el Análisis Político del Discurso (2012)

La propuesta de este ensayo consiste en retomar algunos tópicos de un texto de Xavier Bonal1 sobre los efectos de la globalización y la influencia en la política educativa a partir de la instalación de un nuevo sistema- mundo acontecido en la década de los 90, haciendo foco en los efectos producidos en la Argentina, colocándolos en diálogo desde una propuesta metodológica: el Análisis Político del Discurso (APD). Se presenta brevemente una pequeña reseña acerca del APD para ofrecer un panorama sobre esta estrategia metodológica nueva en el campo de las ciencias sociales. La idea consiste en retomar, desde una lectura abarcativa, el texto propuesto, rescatar sus principales postulados e intercalarlos con algunos tópicos del APD desde una perspectiva analítica. Se propone un pequeño vocabulario perteneciente a la perspectiva analítica metodológica del APD, con el fin de introducir al lector a una serie de categorías que pretenden ayudar en la comprensión de terminologías específicas adoptadas en el presente artículo. Palabras clave: Discurso; paradigma neoliberal; política educativa; práctica articulatoria; educación.