gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A phase II trial of the PARP inhibitor veliparib (ABT888) and temozolomide for metastatic breast cancer. (2010)

1019 Background: Veliparib (ABT-888) is a novel oral inhibitor of Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase (PARP) 1 and 2. Veliparib and temozolomide (TMZ) are synergistic in breast cancer xenograft models. TMZ has minimal activity in breast cancer likely due to robust repair methylated DNA adducts by the base excision repair (BER) pathway and MGMT. We hypothesized that combining veliparib with TMZ would be active in metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Methods: We conducted a single arm phase II trial of veliparib and TMZ in 41 MBC patients (pts). Eligibility included measurable MBC, >1 prior MBC therapy, and PS ≤ 2; previously treated stable brain metastases were allowed. Available archived tumor samples were collected. The initial Simon 2 stage design was modified to a single stage (n=41) due to rapid accrual. Patients received veliparib (40 mg PO BID days 1-7) and TMZ (150mg/m2 PO QD days 1-5) on a 28 day cycle. After higher than expected grade 4 thrombocytopenia was observed, the dose of veliparib was reduced to 30 mg BID. RECIST response was evaluated every 2 cycles. The primary endpoint was overall response rate. Secondary endpoints included PFS, OS, safety, and toxicity. Results: Between November 4, 2009 and December 28, 2009, 41 eligible pts (median age 51; range 32-67) were enrolled. At abstract submission, baseline characteristics for 35 evaluable pts include: median PS=0 (range 0-2); triple-negative (n=15), HER2+(n=5), and ER+/HER2- (n=15) subtypes; prior CNS disease (n=4). Toxicities: the most common grade 3/4 toxicities included thrombocytopenia (3 grade 3, 4 grade 4), and neutropenia (2 grade 3, 2 grade 4). Best response for 24 patients evaluable at the time of abstract submission includes 1 CR, 2 PR, 7 SD (all unconfirmed), and 14 PD; 17 pts are not yet evaluable for response. Conclusions: Combined veliparib and TMZ is active in MBC. Exploratory correlative studies including BRCA mutation analysis are underway to determine predictors of response. The dose and schedule of veliparib suggest the clinical activity seen is not likely due to veliparib alone but rather to the combination. Veliparib and TMZ may be a promising new strategy in MBC. The trial is fully accrued and final efficacy results will be presented. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Abbott Laboratories Abbott Laboratories Abbott Laboratories Abbott Laboratories
ChemInform Abstract: ADSORPTIONSEIGENSCHAFTEN UND STRUKTUR VON CHEMISCH MODIFIZIERTEN SIO2‐ UND SILICATOBERFLAECHEN, IR‐UNTERSUCHUNGEN DER ADSORPTIONSEIGENSCHAFTEN VON GECL4‐MODIFIZIERTEN AEROSIL (1972)

Abstract Durch mehrmalige chemische Modifizierung von gepreßten Aerosiltabletten mit GeCl 4 , nachfolgende Hydrolyse und Dehydratation wird eine Oberfläche erhalten, die aus fein dispergiertem GeOz auf dem SiO 2 ‐Träger besteht.
A novel ultrasound technique to study the biomechanics of the human esophagus in vivo (2002)

The objectives of this study were to validate a novel ultrasound technique and to use it to study the circumferential stress-strain properties of the human esophagus in vivo. A manometric catheter equipped with a high-compliance bag and a high-frequency intraluminal ultrasonography probe was used to record esophageal pressure and images. Validation studies were performed in vitro followed by in vivo studies in healthy human subjects. Esophageal distensions were performed with either an isovolumic (5-20 ml of water) or with an isobaric (10-60 mmHg) technique. Sustained distension was also performed for 3 min in each subject. The circumferential wall stress and strain were calculated. In vitro studies indicate that the ultrasound technique can make measurements of the esophageal wall with an accuracy of 0.01 mm. The in vivo studies provide the necessary data to compute the Kirchhoff's stress, Green's strain, and Young's elastic modulus during esophageal distensions. The stress-strain relationship revealed a linear shape, the slope of which corresponds to the Young's modulus. During sustained distensions, we found dynamic changes of stress and strain during the period of distension. We describe and validate a novel ultrasound technique that allows measurement of biomechanical properties of the esophagus in vivo in humans.
Downregulation of renal endothelin-converting enzyme 2 expression in early autoimmune diabetes (2006)

To determine whether renal expression of endothelin-converting enzymes (ECEs) and endothelin (ET) is affected in the early stages of autoimmune diabetes mellitus and whether ET(A) receptors are involved, prediabetic nonobese diabetic (NOD) and control mice were treated with the ET(A) receptor antagonist BSF461314 (a follow-up compound of darusentan) or with placebo. Blood samples were analyzed for glucose levels, and renal gene expression of ECE-1, ECE-2, and prepro-ET-1 was determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Renal morphology was assessed using standard histologic techniques. ECE-1, ECE-2, and prepro-ET-1 mRNA was detected in the kidneys of NOD and control mice. Despite normal renal histology, expression of ECE-1 and prepro-ET-1 was reduced in NOD mice by approximately 50% compared with controls (P < 0.01); ECE-2 was markedly decreased by almost 90% compared with controls (P < 0.001). Treatment with BSF461314 for 6 weeks delayed the onset of diabetes (P < 0.05) and increased expression of all three genes (P < 0.05) in NOD mice only. Hyperglycemia at an early stage of autoimmune diabetes is associated with transcriptional downregulation of ECE-1, ECE-2, and prepro-ET-1 in the kidney. Blockade of ET(A) receptors inhibits diabetes-associated gene regulation and delays the onset of diabetes, suggesting its therapeutic potential for the treatment of autoimmune forms of diabetes.
Surgical Complications of Twice-a-Day vs Once-a-Day Radiation Therapy (1987)

At the meeting of the Triological Society's Eastern Section, Ralph Metson, MD, Boston, assessed the surgical complications of twice a day vs daily radiation therapy. Twenty-four patients in the twice-a-day group were compared retrospectively with 37 patients in the daily group. The authors found no statistical difference in major complications. The incidence of minor complications, ie, wound infection, was almost threefold greater in the twice-a-day group. The number of blood transfusions and the length of hospital stay were significantly increased in the twice-a-day group as well. The authors concluded that the increases noted in surgical morbidity were warranted if, ultimately, there was an increase in survival with the twice-a-day technique. <i>Comment</i>.—What about therapeutic morbidity? During treatment, mucositis, pharyngeal irritation, and the cutaneous reaction are all increased. Unequal patient numbers in the two therapeutic groups make comparisons difficult. Having operated on patients from the treating institution who received therapy twice
Mass spectrometry of some fluorinated pyridinium N-imines (1996)

Four fluorinated pyridinium-N-imines have been studied under both electron ionisation and fast atom bombardment conditions, with the aim of evaluating the role of fluorine in the stabilisation of the possible canonical forms of the resonan ce hybrid. The data obtained suggest that the presence of a fluorinated substituent increases the contribution of the form bearing the negative charge on the oxygen atom. Electron impact data, in particular the highly favoured formation of [M – H]+ ions and the presence of specific fragmentation channels, different from the ones described in the literature for non-fluorinated analogues, are in agreement with this hypothesis. Fast atom bombardment data indicate that protonation activates severe structural modifications, responsible for decomposition processes that are not easily explained.
Da criação ao fim do Proálcool (2016)

permitia a mistura com a gasolina.
Real-time image mosaicing from a video sequence (2003)

The paper describes a fast and robust image registration method that can be used to create a panoramic image/video from video sequences. To estimate alignment parameters for image registration, the method computes pseudo motion vectors that are rough estimates of optical flows at each selected pixel. Using the proposed method, we implemented a software system that can, with a low-cost PC, create and display panoramic images/videos in real time.
Stress Relaxation and Creep Master Curves for Several Monodisperse Polystyrenes (1965)

The stress relaxation master curves of five monodisperse polystyrenes are converted to creep master curves using an approximation method. Stress relaxation and creep curves are tabulated with values of the characteristic relaxation time K(T), as a function of temperature.
Zollinger'S Atlas of Surgical Operations, 8th Edition (2003)

Zollinger'S Atlas of Surgical Operations, 8th Edition Authors: Robert M. Zollinger, Jr., MD, FACS; Robert M. Zollinger, Sr., MD, DSc(Hons), FACS Bibliographic Data: McGraw-Hill Companies, 2003. ISBN: 0-07-136378-5, 468 pp, hard cover, $195.00. Reviewer's Expert Opinion: Description: This new edition of the major atlas for surgical technique in general surgery has been updated to reflect laparoscopic and endoscopic procedures. Purpose: The purpose is to illustrate the core of major general surgical procedures using well established, safe techniques. It is intended to allow the practicing surgeon to review the steps in a procedure before performing the actual procedure. Audience: This book is intended for practicing surgeons as well as residents training in surgery. Features: This book describes over 100 major general surgical procedures. This includes head and neck, urological, hand, and orthopedic procedures in addition to general surgical procedures. It has recently been updated to include laparoscopic evaluation of the abdomen, use of mesh in hernias, sentinel lymph node, dissection of the breast and melanoma, tumor imaging, total mesorectal excision and endoscopic PEG. It has downgraded the detail for procedures such as the classical radical mastectomy and portosystemic shunts, but continues to include procedures such as the surgical drainage of subphrenic abscess through an 11th rib approach. A special section includes pre- and postoperative care, anesthesia, and a demonstration of surgical technique. For each region of the body, there is a short segment on the surgical anatomy of the anatomic region followed by the specific procedures. The anatomic areas covered are the abdomen, the vascular system, gynecology, the head and neck, the thorax, the skin and breast, hernias, and rectal excisions. Assessment: This is an outstanding book and has remained outstanding throughout its eight editions. The drawings are excellent, have clearly passed the test of time, and represent the way most surgeons think about a procedure. The descriptions are well written and particularly helpful, especially before undertaking a procedure. It is a large book and is very useful as an atlas for refreshing or learning the steps of a particular procedure. I would recommend it highly to practicing surgeons.
Alocação global de registradores de endereçamento para referencias a vetores em DSPs (2002)

O avano tecnolgico dos sistemas computacionais tem proporcionado o crescimento do mercado de sistemas dedicados, cada vez mais comuns no dia-a-dia das pessoas, como por exemplo em telefones celulares, palmtops e sistemas de controle automotivo. Devido s suas caractersticas, estas novas aplicaes requerem sistemas que aliem baixo custo, alto desempenho e baixo consumo de potncia. C ma das maneiras de atender a estes requisitos utilizando processadores especializados. Contudo, a
Investigating Molecular Recognition by Mass Spectrometry:  Characterization of Calixarene-Based Self-Assembling Capsule Hosts with Charged Guests (1999)

Capsules derived from the reversible assembly of calixarene tetraureas have been characterized by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Ion labeling was achieved through the encapsulation of ammonium ions as guest molecules. The gas-phase ion structure of the parent calixarene was determined by isotope pattern analysis, inclusion of labeled guests, and collision experiments. Competition experiments with different guest ions revealed a clear dependence of the encapsulation process on the size and shape of the guest ions. The formation of several different heterodimeric capsules, a covalently bridged capsule, and larger dumbbell-like aggregates containing two and three charged guests has been observed. The results parallel previous findings from NMR experiments in solution and thus support the validity of the MS method for characterization of these complexes in the gas phase.
Nanomechanical mechanism for lipid bilayer damage induced by carbon nanotubes confined in intracellular vesicles (2016)

Understanding the behavior of low-dimensional nanomaterials confined in intracellular vesicles has been limited by the resolution of bioimaging techniques and the complex nature of the problem. Recent studies report that long, stiff carbon nanotubes are more cytotoxic than flexible varieties, but the mechanistic link between stiffness and cytotoxicity is not understood. Here we combine analytical modeling, molecular dynamics simulations, and in vitro intracellular imaging methods to reveal 1D carbon nanotube behavior within intracellular vesicles. We show that stiff nanotubes beyond a critical length are compressed by lysosomal membranes causing persistent tip contact with the inner membrane leaflet, leading to lipid extraction, lysosomal permeabilization, release of cathepsin B (a lysosomal protease) into the cytoplasm, and cell death. The precise material parameters needed to activate this unique mechanical pathway of nanomaterials interaction with intracellular vesicles were identified through coupled modeling, simulation, and experimental studies on carbon nanomaterials with wide variation in size, shape, and stiffness, leading to a generalized classification diagram for 1D nanocarbons that distinguishes pathogenic from biocompatible varieties based on a nanomechanical buckling criterion. For a wide variety of other 1D material classes (metal, oxide, polymer), this generalized classification diagram shows a critical threshold in length/width space that represents a transition from biologically soft to stiff, and thus identifies the important subset of all 1D materials with the potential to induce lysosomal permeability by the nanomechanical mechanism under investigation.
β‐Turns as structural motifs for the proteolytic processing of seed proteins (1990)

Fifteen NH2- and COOH-terminal ends from both small and large chains of the most abundant 2 S albumins from Brassica napus seeds have been sequenced. This allows the determination of the exact proteolytic maturation sites of these proteins. Each one of these proteins arises from a polypeptide precursor which is cleaved during the post-translational processing at four sites, giving two different chains linked by disulphide bridges on the mature 2 S albumin. The hydrolyzed bonds involved in the processing are located in proline and glycine-rich regions, forming tetra-peptides with a very high beta-turn probability. Similar results have been found through the analysis of the 2 S albumin precursors from other seeds. These facts are interpreted in terms of the existence of a beta-turn specific endoprotease activity involved in the maturation process of 2 S albumins.
An oxide failure reliability model for shallow trench isolation based LDMOS devices (2015)

Using an intrinsic percolation model, this paper presents a statistical model which predicts the probability of Shallow Trench Isolation (STI) breakdown as a result of aging in N-type Laterally Diffused MOSFET (NLDMOS). During the STI's etch process particles might “shadow” the silicon etch resulting in protrusions of Si at different depths and locations. This effect which normally has a negligible effect on device long term failure may become pronounced for large NLDMOS switches. The model allows to define common stress tests needed to invoke failure, and hence the removal, of devices with critical defects. The failure probability with time for the remaining devices is calculated. A numerical example is presented in the last section.
Chemotherapy for postmastectomy lymphangiosarcoma (1981)

Twenty-two patients with postmastectomy lymphangiosarcoma have been seen at M. D. Anderson Hospital during the past 20 years. Of these, 13 received chemotherapy, either regionally, systemically, or both. Six patients were treated with regional chemotherapy using either methotrexate alone, a combination of melphalan, nitrogen mustard, and actinomycin D, or a combination of melphalan with nitrogen mustard or actinomycin D; 3 achieved a partial or complete response. Eleven patients received 19 trials of systemic chemotherapy; one complete and seven partial responses were observed, giving an overall response rate of 42% (8/19). Responses occurred with 5-fluorouracil, methotrexate, a combination of vincristine, actinomycin D, and cyclophosphamide, and a combination of Adriamycin and dacarbazine with or without vincristine. The median survival time of the six patients who responded to at least one chemotherapeutic trial was 26.5 months compared with four months for the five patients who failed to respond. These data indicate that chemotherapy may play a significant role in the treatment of patients with this rare but distinctive tumor.
An Economic Analysis of Pork Production in Hoop and Confinement Facilities: A Winter Comparison (2002)

The two types of pork grow-finish production facilities compared in this study are hoop and total confinement. Results of this study, which was conducted from September 27, 2000 until February 21, 2001 showed profit to be $9.26 per pig greater for the confinement-raised pigs. This study represents the seventh group of pigs finished at the pig research facilities at the Iowa State University Rhodes Research Farm. The profit difference experienced with this group was the largest experienced to date. An important issue with this group was that extreme weather conditions prevented marketing the pigs at optimal times. Neither system’s pigs could be sold at the proper time because of extreme cold and heavy snow. Moreover, the hoop pigs were placed on feed over a three week period but were all sold on the same day (Table 2) causing a wide range in market weight and a disparagement of premiums. Additionally, the weather was more severe during this trial than with any of the previous trials. The daily highs and lows during December 2000 averaged 15 and 12 degrees, respectively, below the 50-year averages for the area. The lower fixed cost advantage of the hoops was offset by the significantly higher variable input needs such as feed and bedding. Results of this group point out the importance of management and weather in determining the profit differences between the two systems. Average daily gain and feed efficiency has constantly been lower for the hoopraised pigs for the winter trials. However, the difference for this trial was much more dramatic. The extreme weather conditions were likely a major contributor. The hoop pigs expended far more energy in keeping warm. This points out the importance of weather in production systems which have limited control on air temperature and flow.
Green’s function analysis of electromagnetic waves in two-layered periodic structures with fluctuations in thickness (2001)

A general method for the construction of the Green's function for finite one-dimensional inhomogeneous layers is developed. Using the results of this method the exact analytical Green's function for periodic dielectric structures is found. As an example of its application, the influence of fluctuations of the widths of the basic layers on the reflection and transmission of electromagnetic waves propagating through the structure is investigated. The results are applied to the design of optical switching systems with periodic dielectric structures as the operating medium. The same Green's function can be used to solve a wide variety of other problems.
Intraoperative Iodine 125 Implants: Their Use in Large Tumors in the Neck Attached to the Carotid Artery (1983)

Twenty-nine patients with large masses attached to the carotid artery underwent surgical resection, preservation of the artery, and intraoperative iodine 125 implantation via an absorbable suture. Eighteen were treated for recurrent neoplasms, having failed prior surgery and/or irradiation therapy. Eleven were treated primarily. With a minimum follow-up of one year, 76% were disease free in the implant volume and 62% were disease free in the entire neck. Distant metastases occurred in 45%. Mean survival was 15 months in the primary group (range, two to 50 months) and 12 months in the recurrent group (range, four to 26 months). This technique shows promise in providing local control without necessity for sacrifice of the carotid artery.
ChemInform Abstract: THE TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF DL‐STRIGOL (1974)

Abstract Der aus der Ketosäure (I) erhältliche Bromester (II) reagiert mit dem Malonat (III) unter Alkylierung und Cyclisierung zu dem Enol (IV) und seinem Keton (V) [80% Ausbeute, bezogen auf (I)].
Chlorine Disinfection of Atypical Mycobacteria Isolated from a Water Distribution System (2002)

We studied the resistance of various mycobacteria isolated from a water distribution system to chlorine. Chlorine disinfection efficiency is expressed as the coefficient of lethality (liters per minute per milligram) as follows: Mycobacterium fortuitum (0.02) > M. chelonae (0.03) > M. gordonae (0.09) > M. aurum (0.19). For a C.t value (product of the disinfectant concentration and contact time) of 60 mg.min.liter(-1), frequently used in water treatment lines, chlorine disinfection inactivates over 4 log units of M. gordonae and 1.5 log units of M. fortuitum or M. chelonae. C.t values determined under similar conditions show that even the most susceptible species, M. aurum and M. gordonae, are 100 and 330 times more resistant to chlorine than Escherichia coli. We also investigated the effects of different parameters (medium, pH, and temperature) on chlorine disinfection in a chlorine-resistant M. gordonae model. Our experimental results follow the Arrhenius equation, allowing the inactivation rate to be predicted at different temperatures. Our results show that M. gordonae is more resistant to chlorine in low-nutrient media, such as those encountered in water, and that an increase in temperature (from 4 degrees C to 25 degrees C) and a decrease in pH result in better inactivation.
Development of new feedstock formulation based on high density polyethylene for MIM of M2 high speed steels (2005)

A new feedstock formulation for metal injection moulding (MIM) of M2 high speed steels has been developed. The binder is a multicomponent system based on high density polyethylene (HDPE) and paraffin wax (PW). The compatibility between binder constituents has been studied by dynamomechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) showing a partial miscibility between both components. Viscosity measurements of the different binder mixtures at different shear rates showed that the optimum formulation for MIM was 50 vol.-% HDPE. With this optimised binder, several mixtures were prepared with different powder loadings of M2 grade high speed steel. Torque measurements of the mixtures indicated that the maximum amount of metal to be used was 70 vol.-%. The wide distribution of the metal powder was homogeneously distributed into the polymer matrix. The polymeric part was driven off by thermal debinding using a thermal cycle designed on the basis of a thermogravimetric study of the binder. Finally the vacuum sintering of the parts allow high quality parts to be obtained.