gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photochemical Initiation of Radical-Chain Addition of Phosphorus Trichloride to Olefins (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemical Initiation of Radical-Chain Addition of Phosphorus Trichloride to OlefinsJulian R. Little and Paul F. HartmanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1966, 88, 1, 96–100Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00953a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00953a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views127Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Manipulation of unmodeled objects using intelligent grasping schemes (2003)

We investigate "intelligent" grasping schemes using a fuzzy logic rule base expert system. We use a vision system, robot arm and mechanical hand to locate and manipulate unmodeled, randomly placed objects of various sizes and shapes. In the pregrasp stage, we use vision data to provide a nonlinear mapping from object characteristics to hand configuration. In the postgrasp stage, we use hand data to ascertain the security of the grasp. Computational geometry is used to gauge the quality of the grasp and to quantify and validate the choice of hand configurations generated by the fuzzy logic expert system. The system is implemented within a low-cost virtual collaborative environment.
Preparation of 1,1-diarylhydrazines (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation of 1,1-diarylhydrazinesNobuko Koga and J. P. AnselmeCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1968, 33, 10, 3963–3964Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01274a068https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01274a068research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views267Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Constituents and Bioactivities of Clausena excavata (2009)

Clausena excavata Burm.f. (Rutaceae) is a medicinal plant which is used in folklore medicine for treatment of cold, malaria, AIDS, dermatopathy, abdominal pain, and snake-bite.This plant is a rich source of coumarins and carbazole alkaloids.So far, fifty-three coumarins and fifty-eight carbazole alokaloids were isolated from C. excavata.Furthermore, a small group of tetranortriterpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, and essential oils were also obtained from this plant.C. excavata showed diverse therapeutic activities which are antibacterial, antifungal, antiplatelet, antiplasmodial, antitumor, antinociceptive, immunomodulatory, antimycobacterial, and anti-HIV-1 activities.The incidence of HIV-1 infection leading to AIDS has increased every year, and fungal and bacterial infections, particularly TB-causing mycobacteria are prevalent in HIVinfected patients.So Clausena excavata which showed inhibition of these diseases, is very promising to be developed for treatment of AIDS.
Enediyne C1027 Induces the Formation of Novel Covalent DNA Interstrand Cross-Links and Monoadducts (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTEnediyne C1027 Induces the Formation of Novel Covalent DNA Interstrand Cross-Links and MonoadductsYong-jie Xu, Yong-su Zhen, and Irving H. GoldbergView Author Information Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts 02115 Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Tiantan, Beijing 100050, ChinaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 5, 1133–1134Publication Date (Web):February 5, 1997Publication History Received2 October 1996Published online5 February 1997Published inissue 1 February 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja963444xhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja963444xrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views208Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Adducts,Antimicrobial agents,Genetics,Lesions,Nucleic acid structure Get e-Alerts
AYASTEFANOS BUHRANI İLE İLGİLİ VESİKALAR (1966)

XIX . yüzyılda Osmanlı İmparatorluğunun başkenti İstanbul üç defa Rus işgali altına girme tehlikesi ile karşı karşıya kalmıştır. Bunlardan birincisi 1828 - 29 savaşında Rus generali Diebitch'in anî bir manevra ile Balkan dağlarını aşarak Edirne'ye girişi (19 Temmuz 1829) ve kazak keşif kollarının İstanbul' a 60 kilometre kada r yaklaşmış bulunması idi. Bu sırada paniğe kapılan Babıali başkentteki askerini seferber edip 30 - 40 000 kişilik bir kuvvetle karşı taaruz a geçeceği yerde ağır şartları kapsıyan bir barış andlaşmasın imzalamayı daha uygun görmüştü (Edirne barışı, 14 Eylül 1829). Halbuki Edirne'ye kada r gelmiş olan Rusların Temmuz - Eylül süresinde savaşmaya hazır kuvveti 14 000 kişiyi geçmiyordu, 5000 i bulan asker ise bir salgın hastalık yüzünden hastahanede tedavi görüyordu. İşte bu şartların değerlendirilememesi, batıda Mora yarımadasi ile Arta - Golos hattına kada r olan toprakları Osmanlı haritasından silerken, Gürcistan'ı elegeçiren Rusya Doğu Anadolu için tehlike çanlarını çalmaya başlıyordu.
Estimation of Averaged Ranks by a Local Partial Order Model (2004)

This paper continues the series of publications about applications of partial ordering. The focus of this publication is the derivation of approximate analytical expressions for the averaged rank and the ranking probabilities. To derive such combinatorial formulas a local partial order is suggested as an approximation. The performance of the approximation is rather high; we therefore conclude that three very simple descriptors of the local partial order seem to be sufficient to get a rough impression of the linear order, induced by the averaged ranks and the ranking probabilities of empirical partially ordered sets. Linear order derived from the partial order, ranking probabilities, and other characteristics are considered as parts of a so-called "General Ranking Model" (GRM). Following the local partial order, the averaged rank of an object x can be estimated applying the following simple formula: Rk(av) = (S+1)*(N+1)/(N+1-U). S is the number of successors of the object x, N is the total number of objects (of the quotient set), and U is the number of objects incomparable with x. More complex formulas for the ranking probabilities are given in the text. A list of abbreviations and symbols can be found in Tables 3 and 4.
Multiple primary central nervous system lymphoma in the elderly (2019)

PCNSL is a primary intracranial malignancy with low incidence and a high degree of malignancy and specificity in clinical manifestations. To facilitate early clinical treatment and improve the long-term survival of patients, it is necessary to master the imaging diagnostic methods and its features. The comprehensive application of multiple imaging examinations, such as CT, MRI, PET/CT, and PET/MRI, as well as, cerebrospinal fluid cytology can greatly improve the diagnosis of PCNSL.
Copper-Mediated Chelation-Assisted <i>Ortho</i> Nitration of (Hetero)arenes (2011)

A novel copper-mediated chelation-assisted ortho C-H nitration of (hetero)arenes has been developed for the first time, which used dioxygen as terminal oxidant and 1,2,3-TCP as solvent, leading to the synthesis of nitroaromatics with excellent regioselectivity and in good yields. Mechanistic investigations indicate a mechanism involving a four-centered transition state, with simultaneous cleavage of an ortho C-H bond and a N-O bond of the nitrate anion on the 2-arylpyridine-coordinated copper(II) complex.
Variations des comportements vestimentaires chez les immigrés africains (2015)

La mutation des comportements vestimentaires des migrants originaires d’Afrique subsaharienne et de leurs enfants jalonne l’histoire de leurs relations avec la societe francaise. Le choix des vetements, qu’il s’agisse d’un boubou, d’un costume ou d’une sweat a capuche accompagne d’une casquette des Yankees de New York, est determine par une triple appartenance, sociale, culturelle et generationnelle. Il depend tout autant des espaces frequentes que de la volonte de jouer avec les codes traditionnels et ceux de la societe dominante.
Double Skin Facades for Office Buildings - Literature Review Report (2004)

The aim of this report is to describe the concept of Double Skin Façades based on different sources of literature. Although the concept is not new, there is a growing tendency from the architects to put it into practice. Its complexity and adaptability to different climatic conditions increase the need for careful design. Since the construction types can differ from one location to another, it is obvious that the comparison of different literature sources is not always relevant. Since the concept of Double Skin Facades is complicated and its use and function affects different parameters of the building, the literature studied is from different fields. It is clear that the design of the system is crucial for the performance of the building. It is the opinion of the author that the Double Skin Facades can provide both improved indoor climate and reduced use of energy in the same time if designed properly. If the approach is overall and the goals to be achieved are clear, then the mentioned system is flexible enough to meet climatic changes for most types of building use. The classification of the Double Skin Facades is important since the initial approach can influence the design stage. After selecting the type of Double Façade appropriate for the building, it is necessary to define the design and the technical parameters (such as the materials used) that can influence the function and the performance of the system and the physical properties of the cavity. The accuracy of calculations of the façade performance in the design stage will lead to more precise predictions. It is clear that by prioritizing the main goals of the double façade system in different ways, the building design and construction can differ adapting to the performance requirements of the designers, and the needs of the users. The advantages and disadvantages of double skin façades found in different literature sources are mentioned and described. Furthermore, examples of office buildings with Double Skin Façades are presented. Finally a discussion and conclusions section follows in which the point of view of the author is given and comments are made. Fields of further research an development needed are presented.
HIV-1 gp120 V3 Loop for Structure-Based Drug Design (2005)

HIV-1 cell entry is mediated by sequential interactions of the envelope protein gp120 with the receptor CD4 and a coreceptor, usually CCR5 or CXCR4, depending on the individual virion. Considerable efforts on exploiting the HIV coreceptors as drug targets have led to the new class of coreceptor antagonists. While these antiretroviral drugs aim at preventing virus/coreceptor interaction by binding to host proteins, neutralizing antibodies directed against the coreceptor-binding sites on gp120 have attracted attention as possible vaccine candidates. However, both approaches are complicated by the multiple protective mechanisms of gp120 which allow for rapid escape from selective pressures exerted by drugs or antibodies. Thus, advances in rational drug and vaccine design rely heavily on improved insights into the relation between genotype and phenotype, the evolution of coreceptor usage, and, ultimately the structural biology of coreceptor usage and inhibition. The third variable (V3) loop of gp120, crucially involved in all these aspects, will be a major focus of this review.
Subgrid Scale Combustion Modeling Based on Stochastic Model Parameterization (2012)

A new modeling formulation for turbulent chemistry interactions in large-eddy simulation (LES) is presented that is based on a unique application of the linear-eddy model (LEM) that includes large scale strain effects. This novel application of the LEM may be used to predict turbulent flame extinction limits due to both small and large scale strain effects. Statistics from this modeling formulation may be used to generate an inexpensive run-time model for LES predictions. This paper presents the LEM modeling formulation and demonstrates the capabilities of the approach for augmenter conditions. A methodology is also presented for formulating an LES-linear-eddy model (LES-LEM) subgrid model based on the simulation data.
Cross-linking of poly[1-(trimethylsilyl)-1-propyne] membranes using bis(aryl azides) (1998)

Cross-linkable poly[1-(trimethylsilyl)-1-propyne] (PTMSP) films were cast from toluene solutions containing PTMSP and either 4,4′-diazidobenzophenone or 4,4′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphenyl azide. The composite films were clear and homogeneous and were cross-linked by UV irradiation at room temperature or thermal annealing at 180°C. Low levels of the bis(aryl azide) (1–5 wt %) were effective in rendering the films insoluble in toluene and THF, both good solvents for PTMSP. The process is simple and effective, and thus PTMSP can be readily converted to mechanically stable membranes with permeabilities and separation factors comparable or higher than those of poly(dimethylsiloxane). The films were characterized by measuring their density, their permeability toward O2 and N2, and their spectroscopic properties. Compared to PTMSP, films containing bis(aryl azide) cross-linkers had lower permeabilities and higher separation factors, consistent with a reduction in free volume. When the films were cross-linked photochemically, the permeabilities declined further and the separation factor increased. Films cross-linked thermally had permeabilities comparable to their PTMSP/azide precursors, and density and swelling measurements suggest that higher free volumes are obtained in thermally cross-linked films. All films stored in air suffered from a slow decline in permeability which may reflect slow surface oxidation of the films. When stored in vacuum, cross-linked films were stable and showed no loss in permeability, but the permeability of uncross-linked PTMSP films stored under the same conditions fell to 70% of their original value in 1 month. We attribute the permeability decline to densification accelerated by impurities and solvents. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 36: 959–968, 1998
Sociocultural influences on physics students' use of proportional reasoning in a non-Western country (1999)

Proportional reasoning is important for students' success in the learning and understanding of physics concepts. Key aspects of students' difficulty with proportional reasoning can be understood only when the social and cultural contexts in which they are embedded are considered. Hence, there is a need for a constructivist investigation of students' constructions of their difficulty and nonuse of proportional reasoning within their immediate social and cultural contexts. A constructivist and interpretive case study was carried out with six physics students from a coeducational senior secondary school, and this provided some insights into the association between cultural heritage, students' worldviews, societal expectations, authoritarianism, upbringing, customs and traditions, language, everyday life, and students' use of proportional reasoning in physics. Students were engaged with various proportional reasoning tasks during which multiple research techniques were employed to generate, analyze, and interpret data using the hermeneutic dialectic process and an emergent approach. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 36: 305–320, 1999
Numerical analysis of the temperature profile in the melt conveying section of a single screw extruder: Comparison with experimental data (1987)

Abstract The prediction and measurement off the developing radial temperature profile in a single‐screw extruder is essential since excessive extrudate temperature and poor temperature uniformity at the die affect the quality of coextrusion and film/sheet extrusion processes. A finite‐difference scheme is used to predict the development of the radial temperature profile in the metering section of a single‐screw extruder for power‐law fluids. A finite‐element analysis of the flow around the screw‐tip transposes this temperature profile onto an on‐line temperature measuring device consisting of 10 thermocouples for a comparison of numerical results with experimental data on polycarbonates.
Development of a fast solid-phase enzyme immunoassay for C-reactive protein. (1988)

A fast sandwich enzyme immunoassay has been developed for C-reactive protein (CRP). This method can be used for screening CRP concentration in large numbers of samples providing a non precipitation, non agglutination and non radioactive alternative for assessment of human CRP. Advantages over previously reported CRP sandwich assays include: assay time was reduced from 4 1/2 h to 45 min, incubations were made at room temperature instead of 37 degrees C and serum dilutions required were 100-400 fold instead of 10000-20000 fold. Correlations were good with both nephelometry and phosphorylethanolamine binding assay. The 45% false positives found with the slide-latex anti C-reactive protein method were reduced to 0% by the use of the described method.
IJTAG: The path to organized instrument connectivity (2007)

In recent times, the 1149.1 TAP and TAP controller have begun to play a more important role in accessing embedded logic that is not specifically limited to 1149.1's scope as a board-test standard. This logic, referred to by the generic term instruments, includes manufacturing test and design-for-test (DFT) logic; design-for-debug/diagnosis (DFD) logic; design-for-yield (DFY) logic and monitors; and in-system verification logic (such as hardware assertions). The P1687 IJTAG standard working group was created to investigate formalizing and standardizing this use of the 1149.1 controller - and after a little more than a years worth of effort has produced a hardware architecture proposal that is currently being used as a strawman to investigate and develop the description and protocol language effort.
[Myth of neonatal umbilical cord care]. (2009)

Umbilical cord care is a common practice after birth. Although most hospitals routinely use alcohol in the administration of cord care to newborns in Taiwan, the literature suggests that other different cord-care regimens may also be as or more effective. The purpose of this paper is to compare the effect of different cord-care regimens on cord separation time, colonization, omphalitis occurrence, and maternal satisfaction. Findings are hoped to provide nurses information essential to consider and select an optimal approach to umbilical cord care.
Flow of Granular Material through Vertical Slots (1990)

The relationship between the dimensions of a vertical slot and the mass flowrate of granular solids flowing through it has been investigated. Most experiments were with rape seed and casein. The solids were discharged from a rectangular vessel 165mm x 155mm through slots up to 400mm long and 70mm wide. Flow rates varied from less than 0.001 kg s{-1} to more than 2 kg s{-1} and were correlated with the product of an effective flow area and the square root of the hydraulic mean diameter of this area. For a specified material, the dead space corrections to slot length and width that gave a best fit of the experimental data had different numerical values. The weight of a discharge vessel, at conditions for which only part of the slot height was occupied by the solids flow, was found to correlate quite well with flow rate.
Action mechanism of 2-(2-Hydroxy-5-n-hexylphenyl)-8-quinolinol-4-carboxylic acid - with speical reference to selective inhibition of DNA synhtesis in ascites hpatoma AH 13 cells in culture. (1975)

The mode of action of 2-(2-hydroxy-5-n-hexylphenyl)-8-quinolinol-4-carboxylic acid (HQ II) was studied using mainly ascites hepatoma AH 13 (AH 13) cells in culture. 1) In vitro, HQ II causes hemolysis of rabbit erythrocytes and injures cancer cells. However, these effects are not appeared in the medium containing some amounts of serum. 2) Even in the culture containing serum, HQ II inhibits the proliferation of AH 13 cells and causes selective inhibition of desoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis. These actions are mostly restored by washing or addition of Fe salts. 3) Uptake of 3H-thymidine, 3H-deoxycytidine (3H-CdR), and 3H-cytidine (3H-CR) to the cellular acid-solubles are not decreased by HQ II treatment. However, the incorporations to DNA in turn are prominently inhibited. 4) The conversion of 3H-CR to 3H-CdR nucleotides is inhibited in the cells treated with HQ II. 5) The exogenous addition of a certain composition of deoxyribonucleosides to the medium can suppress the inhibitory effect of HQ II on DNA synthesis. 6) The reduction of 14C-CR diphosphate to 14C-CdR nucleotides in cell-free extracts of AH 13 cells is prominently inhibited by the agent. HQ II causes the cell membrane injury and/or inhibits selectively DNA synthesis in AH 13 cells. The results suggest that the inhibition of DNA synthesis caused by HQ II having metal-chelate-forming ability may be due to the interaction of the agent with the extracellular and/or intracellular Fe (in which ribonucleotide reductase may be involved.).