gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A novel GTPase, CRAG, mediates promyelocytic leukemia protein–associated nuclear body formation and degradation of expanded polyglutamine protein (2006)

Polyglutamine diseases are inherited neurodegenerative diseases caused by the expanded polyglutamine proteins (polyQs). We have identified a novel guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) named CRAG that contains a nuclear localization signal (NLS) sequence and forms nuclear inclusions in response to stress. After ultraviolet irradiation, CRAG interacted with and induced an enlarged ring-like structure of promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) body in a GTPase-dependent manner. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by polyQ accumulation triggered the association of CRAG with polyQ and the nuclear translocation of the CRAG-polyQ complex. Furthermore, CRAG promoted the degradation of polyQ at PML/CRAG bodies through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. CRAG knockdown by small interfering RNA in neuronal cells consistently blocked the nuclear translocation of polyQ and enhanced polyQ-mediated cell death. We propose that CRAG is a modulator of PML function and dynamics in ROS signaling and is protectively involved in the pathogenesis of polyglutamine diseases.
Interactions of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles with the Immune System: Challenges and Opportunities for their Use in Nano-oncology (2013)

Iron oxide (IO) nanoparticles hold great promise as diagnostic and therapeutic agents in oncology. Their intrinsic physical properties make IO nanoparticles particularly interesting for simultaneous drug delivery, molecular imaging, and applications such as localized hyperthermia. Multiple non-targeted IO nanoparticle preparations have entered clinical trials, but more exciting, new tumortargeted IO nanoparticle preparations are currently being tested in preclinical settings. This paper will analyze the challenges faced by this new theranostic modality, with a specific focus on the interactions of IO nanoparticles with the innate and adaptive immune systems, and their effect on nanoparticle biodistribution and tumor targeting. Next, we will review the critical need for innovative surface chemistry solutions and strategies to overcome the immune interactions that prevent existing tumor-targeted IO preparations from entering clinical trials. Finally, we will provide an outlook for the future role of IO nanoparticles in oncology, which have the promise of becoming significant contributors to improved diagnosis and treatment of cancer patients.
Transition from vortex to wall driven turbulence production in the Taylor–Couette system with a rotating inner cylinder (2001)

Abstract Axisymmetrically stable turbulent Taylor vortices between two concentric cylinders are studied with respect to the transition from vortex to wall driven turbulent production. The outer cylinder is stationary and the inner cylinder rotates. A low Reynolds number turbulence model using the k ‐ ω formulation, facilitates an analysis of the velocity gradients in the Taylor–Couette flow. For a fixed inner radius, three radius ratios 0.734, 0.941 and 0.985 are employed to identify the Reynolds number range at which this transition occurs. At relatively low Reynolds numbers, turbulent production is shown to be dominated by the outflowing boundary of the Taylor vortex. As the Reynolds number increases, shear driven turbulence (due to the rotating cylinder) becomes the dominating factor. For relatively small gaps turbulent flow is shown to occur at Taylor numbers lower than previously reported. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Contactless Technique for Measuring Minority-Carrier Parameters in Silicon (2002)

Characterization of minority-carrier parameters is a primary interest for a range of devices, including solar cells. For “on-line ” testing needs, contactless techniques are mandatory, as any diagnostic requiring contact formation is impractical. Here, we will describe the resonance-coupled photoconductive decay (RCPCD) technique that has proven to be a valuable diagnostic for
Protein Phosphorylation in Bacteria—Regulation of Gene Expression, Transport Functions, and Metabolic Processes (1988)

Abstract The importance of protein phosphorylation to the regulation of physiological processes in eukaryotic cells has been known for almost half a century. In contrast, the first conclusive evidence for functionally relevant protein phosphorylation in bacteria was obtained less than a decade ago. To date, only five functionally well‐characterized bacterial proteins have been shown to be regulated by reversible phosphorylation. (1) Phosphorylation of isocitrate dehydrogenase in Escherichia coli controls the relative flux of carbon through the Krebs cycle and the glyoxylate shunt. (2) In gram‐positive bacteria, phosphorylation of HPr, a phosphoryl carrier protein of the phosphoenolypyruvate‐dependent sugar phosphotransferase system, regulates carbohydrate uptake via this system. (3) Phosphorylation of glycerol kinase in Streptococcus faecalis probably serves to regulate the degradation of glycerol. (4) Phosphorylation of the nitrogen regulatory protein I (NR 1 ) in E. coli controls expression of genes encoding the enzymes which participate in nitrogen metabolism. (5) Phosphorylation of citrate lyase ligase in Clostridium sphenoides regulates the conversion of citrate lyase from the inactive sulfhydryl form to the active acetylated form. Recent investigations have shown that more than one hundred proteins in E. coli are phosphorylated. It can therefore be anticipated that protein phosphorylation will prove to be as important to the regulation of physiological processes in bacteria as it is in eukaryotes.
Comprehending speech at artificially induced rates (2013)

This study confirms and extends Fairbanks, Guttman and Miron’s study (1957), where comprehension of time-compressed (2:1), recorded speech was improved when played back twice. Specifically, we examine the perception of pitch corrected and non-pitch corrected compressed speech when presented twice in succession and twice with delays of minutes between stimulus presentations. Additionally, we investigate whether visual speech information aids or hinders comprehension by comparing fast rate effects when presented acoustically and audiovisually. A motivation for this study is the increasing dependency on web-based multimedia recordings for knowledge transfer.
Microstructural analysis of Ga(NAs)/GaP heterostructures (2007)

We have investigated the microstructure of compressively strained Ga(NAs)/GaP quantum wells (QWs) with different N contents. This material system is a promising candidate for future integration of photonics on silicon substrates. N-induced microscopic strain fields are detected applying strain sensitive transmission electron microscopy dark-field (DF-TEM) imaging. Exceeding 7% of N concentration, we find a deterioration of the upper QW interface despite a reduction of the macroscopic strain for compositions with increasing N content. These nitrogen-induced structural characteristics of the ternary alloy are presumably correlated with the optical properties as observed by photoluminescence spectroscopy.
Testing of Passive Safety System Performance for Higher Power Advanced Reactors (2004)

This report describes the results of NERI research on the testing of advanced passive safety performance for the Westinghouse AP1000 design. The objectives of this research were: (a) to assess the AP1000 passive safety system core cooling performance under high decay power conditions for a spectrum of breaks located at a variety of locations, (b) to compare advanced thermal hydraulic computer code predictions to the APEX high decay power test data and (c) to develop new passive safety system concepts that could be used for Generation IV higher power reactors.
Salicylaldoxime-Supported Nona- and Tetrametallic Fe<sup>III</sup> Cages (2013)

The syntheses, structures and magnetic properties of seven new iron complexes, [Fe4O2(sao)4(tacn)2]·2MeOH·H2O (1·2MeOH·H2O), [Fe4O2(Me-sao)4(tacn)2]·2MeCN (2·2MeCN), [Fe4O2(Etsao) 4(tacn)2]·MeOH (3·MeOH), [Fe9NaO4(Et-sao)6(hmp)8]·3MeCN·Et2O (4·3MeCN·Et2O), [Fe4(Et-sao)4(hmp)4]·Et-saoH2 (5·Et-saoH2), [Fe4(Ph-sao)4(hmp)4]·2MeCN (6·2MeCN) [Fe9O3(sao)(pdm)6(N3)7(H2O)] (7), stabilised with salicylaldoxime (saoH2) or derivatised salicylaldoxime (R-saoH2) ligands in conjunction with either 1,4,7-triazocyclononane (tacn), 2-(hydroxymethyl)pyridine (hmpH) or 2,6-pyridinedimethanol (pdmH2) are discussed.
Status of the development of ignition capsules in the U.S. effort to achieve thermonuclear ignition on the national ignition facility (2006)

An important component of the U.S. effort to achieve thermonuclear ignition in 2010 on the National Ignition Facility is the development of high quality 2 mm diameter spherical capsules to function as the ablator and contain the cryogenic DT fuel. Three ignition capsule designs have been developed, and detailed fabrication specifications for each design have been established and placed under change control. A research program with activities coordinated mainly between Lawrence Livermore, General Atomics and Los Alamos is underway to demonstrate fabrication of capsules meeting specifications. The point design for ignition campaigns beginning in 2010 is a Cu-doped Be capsule that has a radial gradient in Cu dopant level in the capsule wall. This capsule is being produced by sputter deposition of Be and Cu onto either a hollow glow discharge polymer (GDP) spherical mandrel or a solid spherical mandrel, followed by removal of the mandrel and polishing of the capsule. A key goal in the U.S. is to demonstrate fabrication of this capsule by the end of 2006. Two other ignition capsule designs are also being developed as contingencies to the point design. One contingency design is a GDP capsule that has a radial Ge dopant level in its wall. This capsule is produced by co-deposition of Ge and GDP onto a PAMS mandrel followed by thermal removal of the mandrel. The second contingency design is a uniform Cu-doped Be capsule that is fabricated from high purity fine grain Be0.3at.%Cu alloy using a precision machining route followed by polishing. Ignition targets to be fielded in 2010 will be filled with DT fuel through a small fill hole. Laser drilling capability has been developed and used to drill approximately 5 μm diameter holes through capsule walls for DT filling. Characterization methods necessary for characterizing capsules are being developed.
Freezing point observations on micellar solutions (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFreezing point observations on micellar solutionsEric. Hutchinson and Fumikatsu Tokiwa Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1963, 40, 9, 472Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1963Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 September 1963Published inissue 1 September 1963https://doi.org/10.1021/ed040p472RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views111Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (712 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Analysis of GTPase-activating proteins: Rab1 and Rab43 are key Rabs required to maintain a functional Golgi complex in human cells (2007)

Rab GTPases control vesicle movement and tethering membrane events in membrane trafficking. We used the 38 human Rab GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) to identify which of the 60 Rabs encoded in the human genome function at the Golgi complex. Surprisingly, this screen identified only two GAPs, RN-tre and TBC1D20, disrupting both Golgi organization and protein transport. RN-tre is the GAP for Rab43, and controls retrograde transport into the Golgi from the endocytic pathway. TBC1D20 is the ER-localized GAP for Rab1, and is the only GAP blocking the delivery of secretory cargo from the ER to the cell surface. Strikingly, its expression causes the loss of the Golgi complex, highlighting the importance of Rab1 for Golgi biogenesis. These effects can be antagonized by reticulon, a binding partner for TBC1D20 in the ER. Together, these findings indicate that Rab1 and Rab43 are key Rabs required for the biogenesis and maintenance of a functional Golgi structure, and suggest that other Rabs acting at the Golgi complex are likely to be functionally redundant.
Is increased radiation use efficiency in sorghum related to increased height (2004)

Sorghum yield is known to correlate with height in breeding populations and some recent studies have found enhanced radiation use efficiency (RUE) in a tall (single dwarf) sorghum hybrid, which may explain the correlation. The experiments reported in this paper were undertaken to investigate whether plant height per se was related to radiation use efficiency in sorghum. Two field experiments were conducted with mutant lines differing only in one height gene – conventional triple dwarfs and their mutated (taller) double dwarfs. In experiment 1, a significant increase in biomass due to higher RUE was observed for the tall mutant in one genetic background but not in the other. In experiment 2, however, the same genotype showed significantly increased biomass with the tall mutant form, but this was caused by enhanced light interception rather than difference in RUE. Hence, at this stage it was not possible to draw a clear conclusion about the possible relationship between RUE and height in sorghum. The question remains unresolved and is the subject of on-going study.
Fault tolerant multiple observers using error control codes (2002)

We address the problem of detecting execution errors in communication protocols. A communication protocol is modeled as or finite state machine (FSM) that can be used as an external observer for detecting execution errors. Wang and Schwartz (1992, 1993) introduce the concept of multiple observers obtained by an adequate decomposition of the FSM. We first address the decomposition procedure from the perspective of error control codes and show that the decomposition algorithm can be restated as a simple state coding algorithm. Then, we discuss the features of fault tolerance of the resulting decomposition. We generalize the concept of multiple observers into the one of fault tolerant multiple observers. A set of observers is said to be fault tolerant if it is capable of detecting the execution errors of a protocol even when a subset of the observers is faulty. We show that error control codes can be used to generate multiple observers that are fault tolerant. We illustrate our approach on the ISO transport protocol class 4 (TP4). Finally, we give some hints on how to assign codes to the states while maximizing the fault coverage of the resulting decomposition.
Non-viral mediated gene transfer of porphobilinogen deaminase into mammalian cells (2002)

Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is an inborn error of heme synthesis in which the third enzyme, porphobilinogen deaminase (PBGD), is deficient. The disease is characterized by recurrent attacks of acute abdominal pain often accompanied by neuropsychiatric symptoms. Current therapeutic treatment with heme is only palliative and no curative alternative exists. The present report describes the first step towards a gene therapy treatment for AIP. Mouse cDNA encoding the PBGD enzyme was cloned and four vectors containing the full-length mouse and human cDNA of the housekeeping and erythroid PBGD isoforms under the control of a cytomegalovirus promoter were constructed. The vectors, condensed to polyethylenimine, were successfully transfected to NIH 3T3 and HeLa cells as determined by enzymatic activity measurements. Thus, the PBGD activity was increased 3-10 times in NIH 3T3 cells and 95-240 times in HeLa cells. The expression was shown to be dose and time dependent, with the highest level of activity observed in HeLa cells after 72 h posttransfection. Non-viral gene transfer was also undertaken in PBGD-deficient fibroblasts established from an AIP patient. Complete normalization of the PBGD activity was accomplished after the addition of 2.5 microg DNA per well. Further addition of DNA increased the PBGD activity up to threefold the normal value. The study documents a successful gene transfer and a high degree of PBGD expression in different cell-lines, indicating a potential for future gene therapy in AIP.
Mobile/transportable terminal antennas for L-band mobile satellite communication systems (1998)

This paper presents mobile/transportable terminal antennas for L-band mobile satellite communication systems using Mobile Satellite (MSAT). Five types of antennas have been investigated for mobile terminal antennas, which are called a a a and two types of Antennas. Also, another three types of antennas have been developed for transportable terminals. Authors discuss configurations and performances of these antennas. The Dome Antenna, the Transportation Antenna and the Disk Antenna can rotate mechanically in azimuth direction and have broad radiation pattern in elevation direction in order to track the satellite. These antennas achieve gains more than 8dBi, lldBi and 9dBi in elevation coverage range, respectively. The Mast Antennas radiate conical beam and consequently have an advantage that any tracking mechanisms are unnecessary for Copyright c 1997 by the American Institute of Aeronautics, Inc. All rights reserved. them. The Mast Antenna Type-1 reduces beam separation between the transmit and receive frequency band by using a linear array of bifilar helical elements and obtains peak gain more than 8dBi. The Mast Antenna Type-2 is a fan-beam forming bifilar helical antenna for broadening coverage range in elevation direction. Transportable Antennas are planar antennas composed of several patch antennas. The Transportable Antenna Type-1 is a compact size two-element array antenna (287mm X 210mm) and its peak gain is more than 10.5dBi. The Transportable Antenna Type-2 uses a self-diplexing antenna structure having an advantage that it does not need diplexers for isolating transmit and receive ports. It obtains peak gain more than 9dBi. The Transportable Antenna Type-3 is a high gain antenna and achieves peak gain more than 14dBi.
Potentials of liposomes in diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary metastases: an experimental study in the rat (1996)

The biodistribution of such formulation of liposomes in rats with lung metastases, may be of considerable importance in diagnosis and therapy of the secondaries, for increasing the concentration of tracers and therapeutic agents in tumor tissue while minimizing the likelihood of aspecific distribution and toxicity to non target tissue.
Threshold behavior of the formation of nanometer islands in a Ge/Si(100) system in the presence of Sb (2005)

Atomic-force microscopy is used to study the behavior of an array of Ge islands formed by molecular-beam epitaxy on an Si (100) surface in the presence of an antimony flux incident on the surface. It is shown that, as the Sb flux increases to a certain critical level, the surface density of the islands increases; however, if this critical level is exceeded, nucleation of the islands is suppressed and mesoscopic small-height clusters are observed on the surface. This effect is explained qualitatively in the context of a kinetic model of the islands’ formation in heteroepitaxial systems mismatched with respect to their lattice parameters.
Latchup and the domino effect (2005)

CMOS latchup can be initiated in semiconductor chips from minority carrier injection sources. Injection sources occur from both circuit, chip and system level phenomena as well as single event particles. The paper discusses the problem of external CMOS latchup from minority carrier injection in a substrate region, and the initiation of CMOS latchup in integrated circuits. The paper proposes an analytical model to address the injection from a primary injection source, the CMOS latchup stability condition of a circuit from the primary injection source, and the successive propagation of CMOS latchup in adjacent circuitry initiated by the primary source and subsequent secondary injections. The focus is on the physical understanding, and the analytical development for quantification of the external latchup problem.
True Random Number Generator Based on ROPUF Circuit (2016)

In this paper we propose the method of generating true random numbers utilizing the circuit primarily designed as PUF based on ring oscillators. The goal is to prove that it is possible to design the universal crypto system, that can be used for various applications - the PUF can be utilized for asymmetric cryptography and generating asymmetric keys, TRNG for symmetric cryptography (generating session and ephemeral keys), nonces and salts. In the paper the results of evaluation of such a circuit utilized for TRNG purpose are presented.
Bipolar biasing in high accuracy optical linear algebra processors (1986)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text David Casasent and Caroline Perlee, "Bipolar biasing in high accuracy optical linear algebra processors," Appl. Opt. 25, 1033-1035 (1986) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Étude cinétique de la déshydrogénation catalytique de l’isobutane sur le système Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> – Cr<sub>2</sub>O <sub>3</sub> (à 7,5 % mol. Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (1979)

La cinétique de déshydrogénation de l’isobutane en isobutène est étudiée, en régime dynamique, sur un oxyde mixte Al2O3 – Cr2O3 (à 7,5 % mol. Cr2O3). Après avoir vérifié que la diffusion n’est pas limitative dans les conditions expérimentales choisies, nous proposons une équation de vitesse pour la réaction et suggérons un mécanisme où interviennent deux étapes déterminantes, l’adsorption du réactif et la réaction en surface.