gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Personalizing the Search for Knowledge (2008)

Recent work on building semantic search engines has given rise to large graph-based knowledge repositories and facilities for querying them and more importantly, ranking the results. While the ranking provided may prove to be acceptable in general, for a truly satisfactory search experience, it is necessary to tailor the results according to the user’s interest. In this paper, we address the issue of personalizing query results in the specific setting of graph-based knowledge bases. In particular, we address two important issues: i) construction of the user profile based on the inference of the user’s interest and ii) a formal model for personalized scoring which incorporates the user’s interest. Preliminary experimental results show that our techniques are indeed promising.
Stat and interferon genes identified by network analysis differentially regulate primitive and definitive erythropoiesis (2013)

In vitro results support the computational prediction that differential regulation and downstream effectors of STAT signaling are key factors that distinguish the transcriptional control of primitive and definitive erythroid cell maturation.
[Proton MRS in a case of intracerebellar epidermoid]. (2002)

We report a case of epidermoid, in which proton MR spectroscopy(MRS) provided additional information to MRI. The tumor revealed high signal intensity on T2-weighted images(WI) and low signal intensity on T1 WI. No enhancement was observed. Proton MRS was acquired with the Proton Regional Imaging of Metabolites(PRIME) method(TR/TE/measurements = 2,000 ms/136,272 ms/128 times). Proton MRS revealed lactate(Lac) peak at 1.33 ppm as negative peak at TE 136 ms and positive peak at TE 272 ms. N-acetylaspartate(NAA), creatine/phosphocreatine(Cr) and choline-containing compounds(Cho) were not visible. Lac peak without other peaks such as NAA, Cr, Cho is a unique finding of proton MRS for epidermoid and this could be useful in the differential diagnosis.
Polymer photochemistry at advanced optical wavelengths (2000)

As lithography is extended to 157 nm, the molecular absorptivity becomes high for most organic polymers. Polymer photochemistry depends on photon absorption, and the higher energy associated with 157 nm light should lead to higher quantum yields of photoproducts. Polymers representative of those commonly employed in 193 or 248 nm resists were selected for this study. A gel permeation chromatography based method was developed to determine quantum yields for chain scission and crosslinking on thin polymers films coated on silicon wafers. This method was applied to determine the ΦS and ΦX of a number of lithographically significant homopolymers and copolymers at both the 157 and 248 nm wavelengths. It was found that polymers containing hydroxystyrene only undergo crosslinking while acrylate and methacrylate polymer only undergo chain scission. The film loss of 157 nm exposed poly-t-butyl acrylate and polymethyl methacrylate was found to be very high and attributed primarily to side chain cleavage of the esters, while no film loss of polyhydroxystyrene was detected. The analysis of outgassing materials showed that ester elimination in poly-t-butyl acrylate was responsible for all outgassed products and that the sum of the quantum yields of all outgassed products exceeded one, implying a reaction mechanism that recycled the initially produced radical. Direct polymer photolysis is significant at 157 nm and must be considered in resist design given the relatively high absorbance of most organic molecules at 157 nm.
Regulation of glucose transport and GLUT-1 expression by iron chelators in muscle cells in culture (1995)

Possible association between the degree of iron load and glucose metabolism has been postulated by both in vivo and in vitro studies. Because skeletal muscle plays a major role in whole body glucose utilization, we evaluated the effect of iron chelators deferoxamine (DFO) and bipyridyl (Bip) on glucose metabolism and transport in cultured L6 muscle cells. Bip (0.1 mM) or DFO (0.5 mM) added for 24 h to the culture medium increased glucose consumption, lactate production, and [14C]glucose incorporation into glycogen by approximately twofold. 2-Deoxy-glucose uptake by L6 myotubes increased time dependently, reaching a 5-fold and 2.5-fold increase after 12 h for Bip and DFO, respectively. Insulin induced a 2.5-fold increase in glucose uptake in untreated cells, which was additive to the chelator's effect. Iron chelator-induced glucose transport stimulation was inhibited by cycloheximide (2.5 micrograms/ml), indicating dependence on de novo protein synthesis. Increases in GLUT-1 protein and mRNA concentration, without changes in GLUT-4, were found to be responsible for iron chelator effects. We conclude that L6 cells adapt to reduction in iron availability by increasing glucose utilization through an enhanced expression of GLUT-1, without losing their physiological response to insulin.
Disturbance observer based tracking controller for an autonomous underwater vehicle (2015)

The problem of trajectory tracking of an AUV in the presence of time varying external forces has been considered in this paper. A nonlinear disturbance observer has been designed to estimate the disturbance generated from an exogeneous system. Exponential convergence of the estimated disturbance and the actual disturbance has been proved. Furthermore asymptotic stability condition for composite tracking controller with disturbance observer is presented in this paper. The simulation results prove the efficacy of the proposed controller.
Radicular Cyst with Severe Destruction of the Buccal Cortical Plate Secondary to Endodontic Failure (2013)

This case report highlights a massive radicular cyst with respect to the lower left premolars, that developed secondary to endodontic failure and resulted in buccal cortical bone destruction. It also discusses the investigation and the surgical approach which were carried out with regard to the cyst. Following surgical closure, the teeth were endodontically retreated. It also highlights the fact that mandibular true occlusal radiographs could be misleading with regard to the extent of bone destruction, which can otherwise be confirmed on CT scans.
Performance comparison of small GYGAG (Ce) and CsI(Tl) scintillators with PIN detectors (2011)

Background: Thallium doped CsI(Tl) scintillators read out with PIN photodiodes have been successfully used for high performance pixilated solid-state gamma cameras for cardiac SPECT and general nuclear systems. These cameras allow for both emission and transmission scans because of their good energy resolution and count-rate performance. We have reported previously on the performance of detector modules employing small CsI(Tl) scintillators (2.8×2.8×6mm) where the dominant limiting factor for both energy resolution and count-rate performance is CsI(Tl) itself. Methods: We compared identical shaped CsI(Tl) and newly introduced Ce-doped (Gd,Y) <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> (Al, Ga) <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">12</sub> (GYGAG) transparent ceramics (with fast decay time), read out with our PIN photodiode based detector modules, characterizing the light yield, energy resolution and count-rate performance obtainable with GYGAG at 140keV. Results: We measured luminosities of 42,000 and 64,000 Ph./MeV for GYGAG and CsI(Tl) respectively. GYGAG had a decay time that allowed use of a 6μs shaping time instead of the 12μs required for optimal energy resolution with CsI(Tl), enabling >;2x improvement in count-rate performance. Though GYGAG was more proportional than CsI(Tl), the energy resolution was not improved over CsI(Tl) at 140keV due to its lower luminosity. However, we measured energy resolution of 4.0% at 662keV for GYGAG on our 3mm photodiode detector modules, better than the 5.3% estimated for CsI(Tl). After exposure to ambient light, GYGAG's residual fluorescence was ~800 times that from CsI(Tl) and had 3 decay components. The longest component contributed at 6% of the total, and had a decay time troublesome for PMT measurements, though it did not significantly affect the energy resolution measured with photodiodes.
LABORATORY AND PLANT: THE PRODUCTION OF AMMONIA FROM CYANAMID (1916)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLABORATORY AND PLANT: THE PRODUCTION OF AMMONIA FROM CYANAMIDW. S. LandisCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1916, 8, 2, 156–160Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1916Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1916https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i500002a018https://doi.org/10.1021/i500002a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views24Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Efficient high average power Ce:LiCAF laser with 5-pm spectral linewidth (1998)

Summary form only given. We report on a simple and efficient Ce:LiCAF laser operating at 1-kHz repetition rate and delivering in excess of 180 mW when pumped by 1.8 W of fourth-harmonic radiation of a diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser. High conversion efficiency (up to 10%) of the laser is complemented by broad tunability range (281-301 nm) and a spectral linewidth of less than 5 pm, as well as compact all-solid-state construction, which comprises a unique combination.
Informed Consent for Genetic Research on Stored Tissue Samples (1995)

Genetic research using stored tissue samples poses an array of benefits and risks to individuals, researchers, and society. As a result, the workshop participants conclude that (1) informed consent is required for all genetic research using linkable samples unless conditions for limitation or waiver are met; (2) informed consent is not required for genetic research using anonymous samples but may be considered if identifiers are to be removed from currently linkable samples; (3) institutional review boards could usefully review all protocols that propose to use samples for genetic research; and (4) further work regarding these issues is warranted.
Characterization of microrough bioactive glass surface: Surface reactions and osteoblast responses <i>in vitro</i> (2002)

The current study characterized the in vitro surface reactions of microroughened bioactive glasses and compared osteoblast cell responses between smooth and microrough surfaces. Three different bioactive glass compositions were used and surface microroughening was obtained using a novel chemical etching method. Porous bioactive glass specimens made of sintered microspheres were immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF) or Tris solutions for 1, 6, 24, 48, or 72 h, and the formation of reaction layers was studied by means of a scanning electron microscope/energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM/EDXA). Cell culture studies were performed on bioactive glass disks to examine the influence of surface microroughness on the attachment and proliferation of human osteoblast-like cells (MG-63). Cell attachment was evaluated by means of microscopic counting of in situ stained cells. Cell proliferation was analyzed with a nonradioactive cell proliferation assay combined with in situ staining and laser confocal microscopy. The microroughening of the bioactive glass surface increased the rate of the silica gel layer formation during the first hours of the immersion. The formation of calcium phosphate layer was equal between control and microroughened glass surfaces. In cell cultures on bioactive glass, the microrough surface enhanced the attachment of osteoblast-like cells but did not have an effect on the proliferation rate or morphology of the cells as compared with smooth glass surface. In conclusion, microroughening significantly accelerated the early formation of surface reactions on three bioactive glasses and had a positive effect on initial cell attachment.
Fluorescent-Antibody Methods for Detecting Salmonellae in Animal By-Products (1973)

SUMMARY Direct-culture and fluorescent-antibody (FA) procedures were used for examining 550 samples of rendered animal by-products for salmonellae. Tetrathionate brilliant-green (TBG) and selenite bril­ liant-green sulfapyridine (SBG sulfa) enrichments incubated at 42 C respectively detected 82% and 73% of the 158 samples found positive by these two direct-culture methods. Three FA procedures were tested in parallel. TBG, SBG sulfa, and gram-negative (GN) broth, the last recommended by the USDA, were used for primary enrichment followed by subculturing for 5-6 hr in GN broth from which FA smears were prepared and brilliant­ green agar plates were streaked. There were 454 subcultures which were FA-positive from the three procedures used, and salmonellae were recovered from 342. Of the 150 subcultures which were FA-questionable, salmonellae were recovered from 14; and of 1,046 subcultures which were FA­ negative, the organism was isolated from 17. The data indicated that SBG sulfa and TBG can be substituted successfully for GN broth as the FA primary enrichment. This sub­ stitution resulted in greater correlation between FA results and salmonella isolations.
Design of Nonlinear Springs for Prescribed Load-Displacement Functions (2008)

A nonlinear spring has a defined nonlinear load-displacement function, which is also equivalent to its strain energy absorption rate. Various applications benefit from nonlinear springs, including prosthetics and microelectromechanical system devices. Since each nonlinear spring application requires a unique load-displacement function, spring configurations must be custom designed, and no generalized design methodology exists. In this paper, we present a generalized nonlinear spring synthesis methodology that (i) synthesizes a spring for any prescribed nonlinear load-displacement function and (ii) generates designs having distributed compliance. We introduce a design parametrization that is conducive to geometric nonlinearities, enabling individual beam segments to vary their effective stiffness as the spring deforms. Key features of our method include (i) a branching network of compliant beams used for topology synthesis rather than a ground structure or a continuum model based design parametrization, (ii) curved beams without sudden changes in cross section, offering a more even stress distribution, and (iii) boundary conditions that impose both axial and bending loads on the compliant members and enable large rotations while minimizing bending stresses. To generate nonlinear spring designs, the design parametrization is implemented into a genetic algorithm, and the objective function evaluates spring designs based on the prescribed load-displacement function. The designs are analyzed using nonlinear finite element analysis. Three nonlinear spring examples are presented. Each has a unique prescribed load-displacement function, including a (i) “J-shaped,” (ii) “S-shaped,” and (iii) constant-force function. A fourth example reveals the methodology’s versatility by generating a large displacement linear spring. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of this generalized synthesis methodology for designing nonlinear springs for any given load-displacement function.
Practical reduced-complexity equaliser for EDGE (2001)

EDGE uses the 8PSK modulation scheme. It is difficult to employ optimum equalisation due to the high computation complexity required. Consequently, a sub-optimum technique offering an approximation to maximum likelihood sequence estimation performance is required. A simple, reduced complexity fractional spaced equaliser structure involving the delayed decision feedback sequence estimation is therefore presented. The fractional spaced approach does not require additional pre-processing creating a minimum phase overall channel impulse. It is suitable for unknown channels and has near optimum performance.
Influence of nuclear interactions in body tissues on tumor dose in carbon‐ion radiotherapy (2015)

For most clinical cases, dose calculation errors due to the water nonequivalence of the tissues in nuclear interactions would be marginal compared to intrinsic uncertainties in treatment planning, patient setup, beam delivery, and clinical response. In some extreme cases, however, these errors can be substantial. Accordingly, this correction method should be routinely applied to treatment planning in clinical practice.
Induction of Apoptosis in Pterygium Cells by Antagonists of Growth Hormone–Releasing Hormone Receptors (2018)

Our results revealed that GHRH-R signaling is involved in survival and proliferation of PECs and suggest a potential therapeutic approach for GHRH-R antagonist in the treatment of pterygium.
α<sub>1C</sub> (Ca<sub>V</sub>1.2) L-type calcium channel mediates mechanosensitive calcium regulation (2002)

Smooth muscle exhibits mechanosensitivity independent of neural input, suggesting that mechanosensitive pathways reside within smooth muscle cells. The native L-type calcium current recorded from human intestinal smooth muscle is modulated by stretch. To define mechanosensitive mechanisms involved in the regulation of smooth muscle calcium entry, we cloned the alpha(1C) L-type calcium channel subunit (Ca(V)1.2) from human intestinal smooth muscle and expressed the channel in a heterologous system. This channel subunit retained mechanosensitivity when expressed alone or coexpressed with a beta(2) calcium channel subunit in HEK-293 or Chinese hamster ovary cells. The heterologously expressed human cardiac alpha(1C) splice form also demonstrated mechanosensitivity. Inhibition of kinase signaling did not affect mechanosensitivity of the native channel. Truncation of the alpha(1C) COOH terminus, which contains an inhibitory domain and a proline-rich domain thought to mediate mechanosensitive signaling from integrins, did not disrupt mechanosensitivity of the expressed channel. These data demonstrate mechanical regulation of calcium entry through molecularly identified L-type calcium channels in mammalian cells and suggest that the mechanosensitivity resides within the pore forming alpha(1C)-subunit.
Women at the Siege: Peking, 1900, Susanna Hoe (2001)

Journal Article Women at the Siege: Peking, 1900, Susanna Hoe Get access Paul Bailey Paul Bailey University of Edinburgh Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume 116, Issue 467, June 2001, Pages 752–753, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/116.467.752 Published: 01 June 2001
Closed-loop estimation of the open-loop carotid sinus baroreflex transfer function for the use of animal experiments in space. (2000)

In order to develop effective counter measures to cardiovascular maladaptation associated with space flight, it is essential to know how dynamic characteristics of blood pressure regulation are altered in space. The open-loop transfer characteristics of the carotid sinus baroreflex can be divided into the neural arc and peripheral arc transfer functions (Ikeda et al. 1996). The neural arc transfer function represents the dynamic input-output characteristics from arterial pressure (AP) to efferent sympathetic nerve activity (SNA), while the peripheral arc transfer function represents those from SNA to AP. Although AP perturbation according to a white noise sequence can be used to estimate the transfer functions under baroreflex closed-loop conditions (Kwanda et al. 1997), arterial catheter implantation necessary to perturb AP limits the applicability of this method to freely moving animal experiments. To overcome this problem, we explored the closed-loop system identification method using electrical stimulation. We used aortic depressor nerve (ADN) stimulation and rapid pacing (RP) of the heart to perturb the arterial baroreflex system.
High-Throughput Assay for the Identification of Compounds Regulating Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (2011)

Human mesenchymal stromal cells are regarded as the golden standard for cell-based therapies. They present multilineage differentiation potential and trophic and immunosuppressive abilities, making them the best candidate for clinical applications. Several molecules have been described to increase bone formation and were mainly discovered by candidate approaches towards known signaling pathways controlling osteogenesis. However, their bone forming potential is still limited, making the search for novel molecules a necessity. High-throughput screening (HTS) not only allows the screening of a large number of diverse chemical compounds, but also allows the discovery of unexpected signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms for a certain application, even without the prior knowledge of the full molecular pathway. Typically HTS is performed in cell lines, however, in this manuscript we have performed a phenotypical screen on more clinically relevant human mesenchymal stromal cells, as a proof of principle that HTS can be performed in those cells and can be used to find small molecules that impact stem cell fate. From a library of pharmacologically active small molecules, we were able to identify novel compounds with increased osteogenic activity. These compounds allowed achieving levels of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase higher than any other combination previously known. By combining biochemical techniques, we were able to demonstrate that a medium to high-throughput phenotypic assay can be performed in academic research laboratories allowing the discovery of novel molecules able to enhance stem cell differentiation.
Stability and dynamic response improvement of flyback DC-DC converter by a novel control scheme (2003)

In the conventional flyback DC-DC converter, the frequency bandwidth of the open-loop transfer function is less than the forward converter because this transfer function has a right-half-plane zero (RHPZ). In addition, a sudden decrease of output voltage called "jumping phenomenon" appears due to internal parasitic resistances when the duty ratio becomes close to the unity. This paper proposes a novel flyback topology and its control scheme, where the above disadvantages are eliminated while the circuit simplicity is maintained, and furthermore confirms the improvement of its dynamic response and stability analytically and experimentally.