gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Determination of indigo and indirubin in Indigo Naturalis by HPLC (2008)

OBJECTIVE To determine the contents of indigo and indirubin in Indigo Naturalis.METHODS The contents of indigo and indirubin were determined by HPLC.The chromatographic column was DiamonsilTM C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm).The mobile phase was methanol-water(80:20).The flow rate was 1.0 ml·min-1 with detection wavelngth of 287 nm for indigo and 292 nm for indirubin.RESULTS The linear correlation of the indigo was good in the range of 0.07-0.52 μg and the recovery was 100.9% with RSD of 1.42%(n=6).The Linear correlation of the indirubin was good in the range of 0.02-0.20 μg and the recovery was 101.3% with RSD of 1.87%(n=6)。CONCLUSION The method can be applied to determine the contents of indigo and indirubin in Indigo Naturalis.It can ensure the stability of the quality control of Indigo Naturalis.
Picture of the Month (1988)

The findings listed below are best associated with which of the above figures: (<i>a</i>) Exposure to this infectious disease may result in the birth of a child with congenital abnormalities. (<i>b</i>) Gottron's papules can be present on the skin over the knuckles, knees, and elbows in patients with this condition. (<i>c</i>) This rash may be fleeting and is associated with intermittent fevers, pericarditis, arthritis, and other systemic symptoms. (<i>d</i>) There are a variety of causes of this condition, including drugs, infectious agents, and foods. <h3>Denouement and Discussion</h3> (<i>a</i>) The association of rubella infection in a pregnant woman and subsequent birth defects in the newborn is well established. The rash of rubella (Fig 3) usually appears as small pink to red macules that begin on the face and spread to the neck, trunk, and limbs, fading as it spreads. Within 24 hours, the lesions coalesce and become maculopapular. The duration of the rash is usually one to three days.
Development of Brake Fluid Vacuum Supply System (1987)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The brake fluid vacuum supply system invented by the writer is a completely new type developed through tests with attention focused on brake fluid itself.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The air (about 1.5% vol.) trapped in brake fluid is removed by atomizing the brake fluid in a vacuum tank. Then, after vacuumizing the brake piping to a high degree of vacuum, the brake fluid is supplied into the piping. The brake piping still has some air remaining in it but dissolves into the fluid until the brake piping is completely free of air.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">This system provides highly reliable brake systems, and improves working environmental conditions and saves labor.</div>
Fibrinogen, Other Putative Markers of Inflammation, and Weight Gain in Middle‐aged Adults—The ARIC Study (2000)

Fibrinogen and other putative markers of inflammation predict weight gain in middle-aged adults. Given the known links between the inflammatory response and intermediary metabolism and the methodological strengths of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) cohort, these findings, though without immediate clinical applicability, suggest that inflammatory processes play a role in the development of the metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease in part through stimulation of weight gain.
A fault-tolerant multiprocessor cache memory (2002)

In multiprocessor systems, cache memories serve two purposes, namely the reduction of the average access time to the shared memory and the minimization of interconnection network requirements for each processor. However, in a cache, interference between operations from the processor and operations for data coherence degrades the cache performance. We propose a cache with only one single dual-port directory which can be operated for both processor accesses and coherence operations simultaneously. The cache can reach high performance at low cost. This cache also has a coherence-protocol-independent structure. In order to improve the reliability of the cache, we design a tag self-purge mechanism, a comparator checker, and a totally self-checking checker for an (n-1)/n code in CMOS technology at low cost in the cache management unit. Moreover, the total hardware overhead is low, compared to the traditional single directory cache management unit.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Boles (1890)

Boles Get access E. E. T. E. E. T. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s7-X, Issue 254, 8 November 1890, Page 372, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s7-X.254.372c Published: 08 November 1890
Learning in an Urban and Regional Planning Practicum: The View from Educational Ethnography (2015)

this paper examines how learning happened in an interactive studio setting using the theories and methods of educational ethnography. the study begins with a review of the education literature on the acquisition of professional education and identity, particularly epistemic frame theory. Using a case study approach, we examine students’ learning during a two-week period of a graduate urban planning studio during which the instructor faced resistance from the students about course direction. Using qualitative analyses and a new quantitative technique called epistemic network analysis, we describe the process by which students appropriated a particular community of practice. this paper offers a productive way of tracking how specific interactions within learning environments can lead to significant changes in cognitive development.
Pharmacokinetics of Moxifloxacin in Rabbits After Intravenous, Subcutaneous and a Long‐acting Poloxamer 407 Gel Formulation Administration (2006)

The pharmacokinetics (PK) of moxifloxacin in healthy white New Zealand rabbits was studied following intravenous (IV) and subcutaneous (SC) administration routes as well as a SC long-acting poloxamer 407 gel formulation (SC-P407). Moxifloxacin concentrations were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography assay with fluorescence detection. Mean half-life for IV, SC and SC-P407 routes was 2.15, 5.41 and 11.09 h. Clearance value after IV dosing was 0.78 l/kg/h. After SC administration, the mean absolute bioavailability was 117% and the C(max) was 1.61 +/- 0.49 mg/l. After SC-P407 administration, the bioavailability was 44% and the C(max) 1.83 was +/-0.62 mg/l. No adverse effects were observed in any of the rabbits following IV, SC and SC-P407 administration of moxifloxacin. Minimal inhibitory concentrations of moxifloxacin against different strains of Staphylococcus aureus from different european countries were used to compute the main pharmacodynamic (PD) surrogate markers of efficacy. The high tolerability of this SC-P407 formulation and the favourable PK behaviour such as the long half-life, acceptable bioavailability and excellent PK-PD ratios achieved indicate that it is likely to be effective in rabbits.
REVIEW THESE DEVELOPMENTS IN AMMONIA AND METHANOL REACTORS (1982)

This paper discusses the need to increase plant size and at the same time save energy is generating a new and improved technology for the synthesis of ammonia and methanol. New criteria have been adopted in the designing of highpressure equipment, in sizes that even a few years ago were unthinkable, to facilitate its construction, handling, erection and maintenance. The design of reactor cartridges has been greatly simplified to accommodate more easily large volumes of catalyst which must be quickly installed and replaced; new types of catalyst have been developed, with freeflowing characteristics and a low tendency to agglomeration and shrinkage. Reactor volume can be conveniently reduced by using small-size catalysts and this is made possible by the low pressure drop baskets (transverse or radial flow) and by the regular shape of catalyst granules (spherical, for example). The new cartridges with a stacked modular structure will greatly simplify the construction of large, single-train plants. New technologies and new process schemes have been developed and high-capacity, low-energy plants are currently being built. Synthesis technology (reactors and catalysts) is also evolving fast to meet the new requirements for large plant capacity and low energy consumption which in some ways are conflicting.
Growth of Aligned Single-Crystalline Rutile TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanowires on Arbitrary Substrates and Their Application in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (2010)

TiO2 is a wide band gap semiconductor with important applications in photovoltaic cells and photocatalysis. In this paper, we report synthesis of single-crystalline rutile phase TiO2 nanowires on arbitrary substrates, including fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), glass slides, tin-doped indium oxide (ITO), Si/SiO2, Si(100), Si(111), and glass rods. By controlling the growth parameters such as growth temperature, precursor concentrations, and so forth, we demonstrate that anisotropic growth of TiO2 is possible leading to various morphologies of nanowires. Optimization of the growth recipe leads to well-aligned vertical array of TiO2 nanowires on both FTO and glass substrates. Effects of various titanium precursors on the growth kinetics, especially on the growth rate of nanowires, are also studied. Finally, application of vertical array of TiO2 nanowires on FTO as the photoanode is demonstrated in dye-sensitized solar cell with an efficiency of 2.9 ± 0.2%.
A 5.9-GHz Voltage-Controlled Ring Oscillator in 0.18-&gt;tex&lt;$mu$&gt;/tex&lt;m CMOS (2004)

This paper presents the design of three- and nine-stage voltage-controlled ring oscillators that were fabricated in TSMC 0.18-/spl mu/m CMOS technology with oscillation frequencies up to 5.9 GHz. The circuits use a multiple-pass loop architecture and delay stages with cross-coupled FETs to aid in the switching speed and to improve the noise parameters. Measurements show that the oscillators have linear frequency-voltage characteristics over a wide tuning range, with the three- and nine-stage rings resulting in frequency ranges of 5.16-5.93 GHz and 1.1-1.86 GHz, respectively. The measured phase noise of the nine-stage ring oscillator was -105.5 dBc/Hz at a 1-MHz offset from a 1.81-GHz center frequency, whereas the value for the three-stage ring oscillator was simulated to be -99.5 dBc/Hz at a 1-MHz offset from a 5.79-GHz center frequency.
Design of compact freeform lens for application specific light-emitting diode packaging (2010)

Application specific LED packaging (ASLP) is an emerging technology for high performance LED lighting. We introduced a practical design method of compact freeform lens for extended sources used in ASLP. A new ASLP for road lighting was successfully obtained by integrating a polycarbonate compact freeform lens of small form factor with traditional LED packaging. Optical performance of the ASLP was investigated by both numerical simulation based on Monte Carlo ray tracing method and experiments. Results demonstrated that, comparing with traditional LED module integrated with secondary optics, the ASLP had advantages of much smaller size in volume (approximately 1/8), higher system lumen efficiency (approximately 8.1%), lower cost and more convenience for customers to design and assembly, enabling possible much wider applications of LED for general road lighting. Tolerance analyses were also conducted. Installation errors of horizontal and vertical deviations had more effects on the shape and uniformity of radiation pattern compared with rotational deviation. The tolerances of horizontal, vertical and rotational deviations of this lens were 0.11 mm, 0.14 mm and 2.4 degrees respectively, which were acceptable in engineering.
Quantitative Neuroproteomics of an <i>In Vivo</i> Rodent Model of Focal Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Reveals a Temporal Regulation of Novel Pathophysiological Molecular Markers (2011)

Cerebral ischemia or stroke, an acute neurological injury lacking an effective therapy, is the second leading cause of death globally. The unmet need in stroke research is to identify viable targets and to understand their interplay during the temporal evolution of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Here we report a temporal signature of the ischemic hemisphere revealed by the isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ)-based 2D-LC-MS/MS strategy in an in vivo middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model of focal cerebral I/R injury. To recapitulate clinical stroke, two hours of MCAO was followed by 0, 4, and 24 h of reperfusion to capture ischemia with an acute and subacute durations of reperfusion injury. The subsequent iTRAQ experiment identified 2242 proteins from the ischemic hemisphere with <1.0% false discovery rate. Data mining revealed that (1) about 2.7% of detected proteins were temporally perturbed having an involvement in the energy metabolism (Pygb, Atp5b), glutamate excitotoxicity (Slc1a3, Glud1), neuro-inflammation (Tf, C3, Alb), and cerebral plasticity (Gfap, Vim, Gap43); (2) astrocytes participated actively in the neurometabolic coupling underlining the importance of a cerebro-protective rather than a neuro-protective approach; and (3) hyper-acute yet progressive opening of the blood brain barrier (BBB), accompanied by stimulation of an innate immune response and late activation of a regenerative response, which provides an extended therapeutic window for intervention. Several regulated proteins (Caskin1, Shank3, Kpnb1, Uchl1, Mtap6, Epb4.1l1, Apba1, and Ube1x) novel in the context of stroke were also discovered. In conclusion, our result supports a dynamic multitarget therapy rather than the traditional approach of a unilateral and sustained modulation of a single target to address the phasic regulation of an ischemic proteome.
The primal versus the dual ising model (2017)

We represent the Ising model of statistical physics by normal factor graphs in the primal and in the dual domains. By analogy with Kirchhoff's voltage and current laws, we show that in the primal normal factor graphs, the dependency among the variables is along the cycles, whereas in the dual normal factor graphs, the dependency is on the cutsets. In the primal (resp. dual) domain, dependent variables can be computed via their fundamental cycles (resp. fundamental cutsets). Using Onsager's closed form solution, we illustrate the opposite behavior of the uniform sampling estimator for estimating the partition function in the primal and in the dual of the homogeneous Ising model on a two-dimensional torus.
Thermodynamic Activities in the Cubic Phase Ti‐O‐N by High‐Temperature Mass Spectrometry (1982)

The ternary phase diagram of Ti‐O‐N exhibits a wide region of cubic solid solutions between TiO and TiN. The thermodynamic activities of titanium and titanium monoxide were measured in such solutions with a multiple Knudsen cell mass spectrometer at high temperature (1800 K). This technique allows experimental conditions to be specified, e.g. fragmentation processes and equilibrium conditions for the vaporization. The solid solutions of TiO‐TiN exhibit a slight positive deviation from ideality.
Study of a Wafer Level Package (WLP) for Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Filter (2006)

In this paper, a numerical study based on the three-dimensional thermo-mechanical finite element method (FEM) has been conducted to analyze the reliability of SAW filter WLP. The 3D FEM model was firstly evaluated based on a benchmark analysis. The validated model is then applied to perform parametric studies on the effects of package geometry, material properties and the processing conditions on the reliability of the package. The stresses and warpages of the package have been analyzed and the critical failure zones have been pointed out. The results show that the CTE of materials play a key role in the reliability of WLP. The maximum stresses and warpages are very sensitive to the CTE of the materials, especially via, the material of which is copper. In addition, the optimal thermo-mechanical properties of materials have been selected to achieve the minimum thermal stress during wafer bonding process based on the parametric studies.
Bone cells predispose bone surfaces to resorption by exposure of mineral to osteoclastic contact (1985)

The cell-free endocranial surface of young adult rat parietal bones was used as a substrate for osteoclastic bone resorption, either without prior treatment, or after incubation of the parietal bones with collagenase or neonatal rat calvarial cells. Untreated, the endocranial surface consisted of unmineralized organic fibres; incubation with calvarial cells or collagenase caused disruption and removal of these fibres, with extensive exposure of bone mineral on the endocranial surface, without morphologically detectable mineral dissolution. Neonatal rabbit osteoclasts resorbed bone to a greater extent from parietal bones pre-incubated with calvarial cells or collagenase than from untreated bones; mineral exposure and subsequent osteoclastic resorption were both increased if calvarial cells were incubated with parathyroid hormone; removal of bone mineral after incubation with calvarial cells removed the predisposition to osteoclastic resorption. These experiments demonstrate that calvarial cells are capable of osteoid destruction, and indicate that one mechanism by which osteoblasts induce osteoclastic bone resorption may be through digestion of the unmineralized organic material that covers bone surfaces, to expose the underlying resorption-stimulating bone mineral to osteoclastic contact.
Harpocera cypria nov. spec., eine neue Miridenart von der Insel Zypern (Hem. Het.) (1968)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Understanding the Adsorption Mechanism of C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>, CO<sub>2</sub>, and CH<sub>4</sub> in Isostructural Metal–Organic Frameworks with Coordinatively Unsaturated Metal Sites (2013)

An computational study using density functional theory and grand-canonical Monte Carlo simulation that explore the adsorption mechanism of C2H2, CO2, and CH4 to metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with coordinatively unsaturated metal sites (M-MOF-74, M = Mg and Zn) has been carried out. The theoretical studies reveal that open metal sites have important roles in adsorption. The high CO2 adsorption ability of M-MOF-74 is due to the strong Lewis acid and base interactions between metal ions and oxygen atom of CO2, as well as carbon atom of CO2 with oxygen atoms in organic linkers. Meanwhile, the high C2H2 adsorption for M-MOF-74 is contributed by the strong complexation between the metal ions and the π orbital of C2H2. The different adsorption mechanisms of CO2, C2H2, and CH4 in M-MOF-74 can qualitatively explain the high CO2 selectivity in CO2/CH4 mixture and high C2H2 selectivity in C2H2/CH4 mixture. Energy decomposition analysis reveals that electrostatic energy, exchange energy, and repulsive energy are key factors in the binding strength of gas molecules on M-MOF-74. The preferential adsorption sites are confirmed to be located near the five-coordinate metal ions decorating the edges of the hexagonal channels. The elucidation of the adsorption mechanism at the molecular level provides key information for designing novel MOFs with high capacity and selectivity for CO2 from light hydrocarbon mixtures.
A Full FinFET DRAM Core Integration Technology Using a Simple Selective Fin Formation Technique (2006)

A full FinFET DRAM core which consists of McFETs for both the sense amplifiers and the sub-word drivers, as well as FinFETs for the memory cell array has been developed. It will efficiently shrink chip size and improve chip performance, and therefore, meet requirements for the future DRAMs with 55nm or smaller design rule. Newly developed schemes which are a selective STT SiN liner removal process, a selective TiN gate stack and narrow active pitch patterning have been successfully integrated
지구성 운동이 자연발생고혈압흰쥐의 대동맥벽 두께 , 호르몬 및 혈압에 미치는 효과 (1999)

지구성 운동이 자연발생고혈압흰쥐의 대동맥벽 두께, 호르몬 및 혈압에 미치는 효과 운동과학, 제8권 제2호, 135-148, 1999. 지구성 운동이 고혈압 발생에 미치는 영향을 규명할 목적으로 고혈압 발현전인 5주령된 자연발생고혈압쥐(SHR)와 정상쥐(WKY)를 각각 운동군과 대조군으로 선정하고 운동군에게는 15m/min속도의 트레드밀 운동을 1일 30분, 주4회 씩 7주간 실시하면서 고혈압이 발현되기까지의 혈압변화와 대동맥 벽두께 및 혈중 카테콜라민 농도 등을 측정하고 각 변인에 있어 운동군과 대조군의 차이를 관찰하였다. 통계분석방법은 Student t-test를 사용하였으며 유의수준은 0.05로 실시하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 정상혈압쥐의 심박수는 지구성 운동에 의해서 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으나 고혈압쥐에서는 운동 3주 후부터 운동군의 심박수가 대조군에 비하여 감소하였다. 둘째, 정상혈압쥐의 수축기 혈압은 4주간의 지구성 운동에 의해서 유의한 차를 보이지 않았으나 감소하는 경향을 보였으며, 고혈압쥐에서는 지구성운동에 의하여 수축기혈압이 감소하여 수컷에서는 약 17mmHg, 암컷에서는 약 11mmHg 정도 감소 하였다. 셋째, 정상혈압쥐에서 체중당 대동맥벽의 두께는 주령 증가에 따라 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 고혈압쥐에서 대동맥 평활근의 두께는 대조군과 운동군에서 유의한 차를 보이지 않았으나 지구성운동에 의하여 약간 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 넷째, 정상혈압쥐와 고혈압쥐의 혈중 epinephrine과 norepinephrine은 지구성운등에 의하여 운동군과 대조군간에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 따라서 고혈압쥐의 고혈압 발현전 지구성 운동은 고혈압 생성을 부분적으로 억제하는 것으로 사료된다.
TiO <sub>2</sub> and ZrO <sub>2</sub> in biomass conversion: why catalyst reduction helps (2017)

Biomass refers to plant-based materials that are not used for food or feed. As an energy source, lignocellulosic biomass (lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose) can be converted into various forms of biofuel using thermal, chemical and biochemical methods. Chemical conversion implies the use of solid catalysts, usually oxide materials. In this context, reducible oxides are considered to be more active than non-reducible oxides. But why? Using density functional theory DFT + U calculations with the inclusion of dispersion forces, we describe the properties of anatase TiO<sub>2</sub>, a reducible oxide, and tetragonal ZrO<sub>2</sub>, a non-reducible oxide, the (101) surfaces in this context. In particular, we focus on the role of surface reduction, either by direct creation of oxygen vacancies via O<sub>2</sub> desorption, or by treatment in hydrogen. We show that the presence of reduced centres on the surface of titania or zirconia (either Ti<sup>3+</sup> or Zr<sup>3+</sup> ions, or oxygen vacancies) results in lower barriers and more stable intermediates in two key reactions in biomass catalytic conversion: ketonization of acetic acid (studied on ZrO<sub>2</sub>) and deoxygenation of phenol (studied on TiO<sub>2</sub>). We discuss the role of Ru nanoparticles in these processes, and in particular in favouring H<sub>2</sub> dissociation and hydrogen spillover, which results in hydroxylated surfaces. We suggest that H<sub>2</sub>O desorption from the hydroxylated surfaces may be a relevant mechanism for the regeneration of oxygen vacancies, in particular on low-coordinated sites of oxide nanoparticles. Finally, we discuss the role of nanostructuring in favouring oxide reduction, by discussing the properties of ZrO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles of diameter of about 2 nm.This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Providing sustainable catalytic solutions for a rapidly changing world'.