gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of sulfonium analogs of dopamine: nonclassical dopamine agonists (1981)

In order to test whether the nitrogen/ammonium moiety in the dopamine molecule is required for dopaminergic activity, we have synthesized two sulfonium analogues of dopamine and tested them for biological activity in an in vivo and in an in vitro system. These analogues have provided a means of investigating (1) the ability of the sulfonium function to serve as a bioisostere for the dopamine amino group and (2) whether charged molecules have the ability to bind to dopamine receptors. Both sulfonium analogues, 1 and 2, as well as dopamine, when injected directly into the striatum of rats, previously lesioned unilaterally with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), produced circling behavior. The potency of the sulfonium analogues was approximately one-tenth that of dopamine. The effects of all three compounds on circling were inhibited by the dopamine antagonist haloperidol. In addition, both sulfonium analogues inhibited the high affinity binding of radiolabeled dopamine to a crude membrane fraction prepared from the striatum. This study suggests that the nitrogen atom found in th dopamine molecule is not essential for dopaminergic activity, since the nitrogen can be replaced by a sulfonium functional group for this activity.
A Review of Vision-Based Gait Recognition Methods for Human Identification (2010)

Human identification by gait has created a great deal of interest in computer vision community due to its advantage of inconspicuous recognition at a relatively far distance. This paper provides a comprehensive survey of recent developments on gait recognition approaches. The survey emphasizes on three major issues involved in a general gait recognition system, namely gait image representation, feature dimensionality reduction and gait classification. Also, a review of the available public gait datasets is presented. The concluding discussions outline a number of research challenges and provide promising future directions for the field.
Abstract P098: A chemoproteomic platform for identifying small-molecule modulators of protein-protein interactions, discovering new cancer targets, and revealing previously unknown targets for well-known drugs (2021)

Abstract BridGene Biosciences has developed a novel chemoproteomic platform IMTACTM (Isobaric Mass-Tagged Affinity Characterization) for discovering small-molecule inhibitors of protein-protein interactions, disclosing new cancer targets, and identifying previously unknown targets for known drugs. The key components of the IMTACTM platform include a unique library of drug-like covalent small molecules containing an alkyne tag, live-cell screening, and quantitative mass spec analysis. The IMTACTM analysis begins with treating live cells with probes from the covalent library, proceeds with enrichment of the probe-modified proteins, and then employs Mass Spec to identify the probe-modified proteins and determine the relative binding affinity. This powerful chemoproteomic platform enables systematic mapping of the direct interactions of small-molecules across the proteome. A prominent application of BridGene’s IMTACTM platform is to identify hits for “hard to drug” targets from live-cell screening. IMTAC TM screening is well suited for identifying drug-like ligands for such hard-to-drug targets, including those with shallow binding pockets or temporary pockets formed under certain cellular settings. Lead optimization can be immediately initiated after confirmation of the ligand’s binding to relevant targets. Using the IMTACTM platform, BridGene has discovered small-molecule ligands for a number of “hard-to-drug” targets as well as oncogenic mutants, including GTPases (e.g. RhoA), transcription factors (e.g. TEAD), splicing factors (e.g. SRSF1), epigenetic modulators (e.g. WDR5), E3 ligases, etc. The potency of the hits ranges from low nanomolar to micromolar. Because of the IMTACTM platform’s proteome-wide profiling capability, BridGene has also, for the first time, revealed new targets for some well-known drugs. Combining IMTAC TM screening with phenotypic screening, BridGene is also discovering new/unknown targets that drive certain disease phenotypic changes. IMTACTM is a novel platform to discover small molecule drugs for hard-to-drug targets. It allows the mapping of targets for small molecules on a proteome-wide scale, which can provide comprehensive selectivity information to facilitate lead optimization and lower off-target toxicity. IMTACTM has the potential to redefine precision medicine, discover new drugs and new targets, and identify new indications of known drugs. Citation Format: Cindy Huang, Vivian Zhang, Ning Deng, Irene Yuan, Linda Pullan, C. Glenn Begley, Ping Cao. A chemoproteomic platform for identifying small-molecule modulators of protein-protein interactions, discovering new cancer targets, and revealing previously unknown targets for well-known drugs [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC Virtual International Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2021 Oct 7-10. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2021;20(12 Suppl):Abstract nr P098.
Velocity and suspended sediment concentration profiles in rivers: in situ measurements and flux modelling (2007)

River basin sediment management is increasingly needed to address both sediment quantity and quality studies. In this context, the sampling of suspended sediment through a river cross-section is unavoidable. Rivers have the interesting property of concentrate sediment and processes through a river cross-section are representative of the whole upstream hydro-sedimentary processes.
Pool boiling heat transfer enhancement by surface modification/micro-structures for electronics cooling: a review (2005)

Electronics cooling is an important aspect of the microelectronics and microsystem packaging. Liquid cooling involving boiling is emerging as main technique for high heat flux application. Primary issues related to boiling are wall temperature over shoot at boiling incipience and critical heat flux. Heat transfer enhancement has concerned the researchers and practitioners for many decades. This paper reviews experimental works done for boiling enhancement by surface modification and micro-machined structures. Boiling incipient temperature and critical heat flux by various techniques are analyzed. Aim of this review is to design a novel micro-machined structure to enhance boiling and integration of the structure with the chip for cooling 3D stacked module.
Near-field observation of subwavelength confinement of photoluminescence by a photonic crystal microcavity (2006)

We present a direct, room-temperature near-field optical study of light confinement by a subwavelength defect microcavity in a photonic crystal slab containing quantum-well sources. The observations are compared with three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain calculations, and excellent agreement is found. Moreover, we use a subwavelength cavity to study the influence of a near-field probe on the imaging of localized optical modes. © 2006 Optical Society of America.
Spin-Landau Orbit Coupling in Units of the Flux Quantum Observed from Zeeman Splitting of a Quantum Wire Array (1998)

In Zeeman spectra of a GaAs-AlGaAs quantum wire array with superlattice period lp, the zero-field shift is found to increase in steps of (2 pi hbar/ e)lp^{-2} at the cyclotron radius Rc ~lp, lp/2, and lp/3. This shift, caused by spin-Landau orbit coupling and quantized in units of the flux quantum 2 pi hbar /e,is a manifestation of the gauge invariance, and the first observation of the flux quantization in a non-superconducting material.The quantum interference associated with the phase difference in the quantum barrier scattering is also reported.
Report on the WebQuality 2012 workshop (2012)

The 2nd Joint WICOW/AIRWeb Workshop on Web Quality (WebQuality 2012) was held in conjunction with the 21st International World Wide Web Conference in Lyon, France on the 16th April 2012. Seven full and three short paper presentations were delivered in three sessions. This report briefly summarizes the workshop.
Wetting transition behavior of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Xe</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>on<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Cs</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>and<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Cs</mml:mi><mml:mo>∕</mml:mo><mml:mtext>graphite</mml:mtext></mml:mrow></mml:math> (2004)

Calculations are presented of the adsorption behavior of $\mathrm{Xe}$ films on two different surfaces. One is bulk $\mathrm{Cs}$ metal; the other is a graphite surface, covered by a monolayer of $\mathrm{Cs}$. With data obtained from grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations, it is found that a $\mathrm{Xe}$ wetting transition occurs on the $\mathrm{Cs}$ monolayer within the temperature interval 190 to $200\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$. On the $\mathrm{Cs}$ metal surface, negligible adsorption occurs over the full temperature range of the simulations, which come close to the critical temperature. Experimental testing of these predictions is proposed.
Crystal-amorphous interphases in binary polymer blends (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCrystal-amorphous interphases in binary polymer blendsJames P. Runt, Catherine A. Barron, Xiu Fang Zhang, and Sanat K. KumarCite this: Macromolecules 1991, 24, 11, 3466–3468Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00011a070https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00011a070research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views428Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Tissue morphology from spectral polarimetry (2008)

An important issue in the development of cultured tissues is the alignment of the cells within the scaffold, or on the substrate. Proper alignment leads to optimum tissue strength and it has been demonstrated that proper alignment is engendered by application of physiologically realistic stresses during the cell proliferation process. In situ monitoring of cell alignment during development can provide important feedback information in determining the optimum stresses. Numerical calculations suggest that cell aspect and orientation can be inferred from the polarization of the light scattered by these cells. In this paper, we demonstrate that a measurement of the wavelength-dependent depolarization of the light scattered from the cell layer reveals the alignment of these cells. We present results of experimental measurements on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC's) layered onto glass cover slips and of simulations using <i>T</i>-matrix methods.
Noninvasive Electrocardiomapping Facilitates Previously Failed Ablation of Right Appendage Diverticulum Associated Life‐Threatening Accessory Pathway (2012)

Combination of structural (CT-scan) and functional (3D electrocardiomapping) imaging methods helped successfully accomplish ablation of a life-threatening manifest accessory pathway in association with a complex right atrial anomaly after previous unsuccessful attempts of endo-epicardial ablation guided by the invasive electroanatomic system in an adolescent female. Such a system has a potential to facilitate the ablation procedure and impact its outcome through accurate localization of the arrhythmogenic substrate.
Superconducting Nb Thin Films on Cu for Applications in SRF Accelerators (2012)

This article describes Nb thin films deposited on Cu using coaxial energetic deposition (CED). CED is a nonequilibrium cathodic arc process that drives medium energy (50-150 eV) ions into a few atomic layers beneath the surface to promote the growth of dense, ordered films via subplantation physics. Nb films deposited on crystalline substrates by CED have shown bulk-Nb like (>; 300-500) RRR values. Here we describe Nb films of 1-10 μm deposited on coupons and complex structures made of Cu at substrate temperatures of 400 °C or less. The coated samples were sectioned and the substrate material etched away so the superconducting transition temperature (Tc), as well as residual resistivity ratio (RRR) at 10 K of the Nb films could be measured. RRR values of >;100 have been achieved on fine-grain Cu with little surface preparation. The vortex penetration magnetic field was measured by DC SQUID and these results are presented along with comparisons between bulk Nb and thin film Nb on crystalline substrates. The CED approach has applications in superconducting bellows interconnects as well as in SRF cavities.
Equation of state representation of aqueous mixtures using an association model (1995)

Abstract A previously proposed association equation of state (AEOS) (Anderko, 1991) for aqueous mixtures is modified to extend its applicability to a wider range of temperatures and pressures. In the AEOS, the compressibility factor is subdivided into two parts; physical and chemical. The physical part, in this work, is represented by the Peng‐Robinson (PR) (1976a) EOS for nonpolar compounds. Other cubic EOS can be used for this purpose with little effect on results. The chemical part is expressed by an empirical association model. The improved association model enables the AEOS to reproduce accurately the total compressibility of pure liquid water along the saturation line. Incorporation of the new association model in the PR‐EOS allows the combined model to calculate accurately the phase behavior of water/hydrocarbons and water/nonhydrocarbons in VLE, LLE, and VLLE regions.
Soil clay&#x96;humus complexes. II. Bridging cations and DTA studies (2002)

Clay-humus complexes, isolated from 5 soils (Entisol, Alfisol, Vertisol, two Mollisols), were extracted with 0.1 n citrate, EDTA, and oxalate at pH 7.0-10.0; amounts of Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe3+/2+, Al3+, as well as humic acid (HA) in the extract were determined. HA extracted increased with pH and varied with nature of ligand; largest amounts were extracted by EDTA at high pH. In the Entisol clay-humus extract, Ca2+ is dominant. In Alfisol sample, Ca2+ and Mg2+ have little role in clay-HA bonding; apart from monovalent cations, bonding is mainly through Fe3+/2+ and Al3+, which are well correlated to HA extracted. The extract from Vertisol sample contains little Fe3+/2+ or Al3+ and major bonding is through Ca2+. In Mollisol I and II, Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe3+/2+,and Al3+ are all involved in bonding and are highly correlated to extracted HA. Difference in mineralogy determines the difference in bonding strength between Alfisol and Vertisol complexes. DTA indicates dual bonding modes. A major fraction of HA (in clay-humus complexes) shows thermal destabilisation due to multiple attachments on the clay surface; a small fraction is also thermally stabilised by ionic bonding with Ca2+/Mg2+ and absence of ring strain in the complex. Only the Alfisol HA does not show thermal stabilisation in the complex.
From the speed of light to the speed of sound to chaos: Demos for all occasions. (1998)

In 1676, the Danish astronomer Olaf Roemer discovered variations in the periods of the four known satellites of Jupiter. The periods of these satellites can be determined by means of their eclipses, i.e., the times at which they enter Jupiter’s shadow in the sunlight. Roemer found that the periods increased when the earth moved away from Jupiter and decreased when the earth moved towards Jupiter, and he concluded that it must take a finite amount of time for light to traverse the diameter of the earth’s orbit. From knowledge of the earth’s orbit (at that time), he computed the velocity of light to be 227 000 km/s—the first evidence for a finite speed of light. One can explain the result using the Doppler effect and bring it to life using sound waves. Let the satellite become a stationary source of sound and place a distant microphone on a radius arm that is allowed to rotate (or orbit). Using Doppler shift versus time information, the speed of sound is ultimately determined. We will then shift gears, and present an apparatus which displays a compass needle going from simple harmonic motion to chaotic behavior in a periodically reversing magnetic field.
Dynamic Trees and Dynamic Point Location (1998)

This paper describes new methods for maintaining a point-location data structure for a dynamically changing monotone subdivision $\cal S$. The main approach is based on the maintenance of two interlaced spanning trees, one for $\cal S$ and one for the graph-theoretic planar dual of $\cal S$. Queries are answered by using a centroid decomposition of the dual tree to drive searches in the primal tree. These trees are maintained via the link-cut trees structure of Sleator and Tarjan [J. Comput. System Sci., 26 (1983), pp. 362--381], leading to a scheme that achieves vertex insertion/deletion in O(log n) time, insertion/deletion of k-edge monotone chains in O(log n + k) time, and answers queries in O(log2n ) time, with O(n) space, where n is the current size of subdivision $\cal S$. The techniques described also allow for the dual operations expand and contract to be implemented in O(log n) time, leading to an improved method for spatial point location in a 3-dimensional convex subdivision. In addition, the interlaced-tree approach is applied to on-line point location (where one builds $\cal S$ incrementally), improving the query bound to $O(\log n\log\log n)$ time and the update bounds to O(1)amortized time in this case. This appears to be the first on-line method to achieve a polylogarithmic query time and constant update time.
Extensive amino acid sequence homologies between animal lectins. (1987)

We have established the amino acid sequence of the beta-D-galactoside binding lectin from the electric eel and the sequences of several peptides from a similar lectin isolated from human placenta. These sequences were compared with the published sequences of peptides derived from the beta-D-galactoside binding lectin from human lung and with sequences deduced from cDNAs assigned to the beta-D-galactoside binding lectins from chicken embryo skin and human hepatomas. Significant homologies were observed. One of the highly conserved regions that contains a tryptophan residue and two glutamic acid residues is probably part of the beta-D-galactoside binding site, which, on the basis of spectroscopic studies of the electric eel lectin, is expected to contain such residues. The similarity of the hydropathy profiles and the predicted secondary structure of the lectins from chicken skin and electric eel, in spite of differences in their amino acid sequences, strongly suggests that these proteins have maintained structural homologies during evolution and together with the other beta-D-galactoside binding lectins were derived from a common ancestor gene.
[Disturbances of wakefulness, sleep and respiratory function in Steinert's disease]. (1977)

36 night sleep recordings were carried out on 15 patients suffering from myotonia dystrophica. 9 of these patients complained of diurnal hypersomnia. 10 patients had a disturbance of night sleep with a reduction of REM sleep sometimes associated with interruption of the recording with an increase in the light stages of sleep or alternatively with an increase of REM sleep with a reduction in the latency period of the first paradoxical sleep or with narcoleptic elements. 13 patients had abnormally early abolition of chin EMG activity, almost on falling asleep. 11 cases had pathological apnoeic episodes during sleep and in 9 of the 10 patients who underwent respiratory function studies there was a restrictive airways defect. In addition 9 had frank hypoxia without hypercapnia and 4 a right to left shunt. 3 clinically unaffected patients but with affected relatives were also investigated, 2 were found to have sleep disturbances 1 of which was associated with early abolition of tone.
The Impact of Health Care Reform on Gastroenterology Fellows: Are Training Programs Preparing Them for the Future? (1998)

Objective: Health care reform is dramatically changing the practice and delivery of medical care. The goal of this investigation was to examine gastroenterology trainees’ outlook on the impact of health care reform on training programs. Methods: A 24-question survey was mailed in February 1996 to 780 GI fellows obtained from the comprehensive American College of Gastroenterology (ACG) database. Results: A total of 362 fellows responded (46%): 85% were male, 57% Caucasian, 75% married, and 86% were university-based. Ninety-six percent of fellows believed that health care reform is adversely affecting the quality of health care and 94.1% felt that it was adversely affecting fellowship training. Eighty-eight percent expressed concern over the impact of health care reform on practice opportunities. Only 9% of fellows reported that their training program had established a specific educational program addressing health care reform. where 83% of fellows felt that their program should do so. Conclusion: Gastroenterology fellows are concerned about the impact of health care reform on the quality of care and the quality of their fellowship training. Trainees believe that programs are not providing sufficient education to help them respond to the changes in health care.
Browning Reaction of Onion by Heating. (1992)

炒め玉葱の褐変について, いくつかの外的条件が与える影響および褐変に伴う成分の変化を検討し, 以下の結果を得た。1) 玉葱の褐変反応はさまざまな環境により影響を受け, (1) 温度は高いほうが褐変が起こりやすく, とくに100℃以上では著しく反応速度が高まった。(2) pH3～8の範囲ではpHが高いほど褐変反応は促進された。(3) 褐変には無機イオンの存在が影響し, Fe3+, Cu2+は促進し, Mn2+, Zn2+は抑制した。EDTA添加では反応が抑制された。(4) 脱気により褐変は抑制されたが, 紅変現象が起きた。この反応は酸処理により完全に抑えられ, 酵素が関与している可能性が示唆された。2) 加熱により遊離糖と遊離アミノ酸が減少した。遊離糖のうち, 還元糖量は増加したがシュークロースの減少量がそれを上回り, 遊離糖の総量としては減少した。アスコルビン酸量も加熱により減少したが, その量は糖やアミノ酸に比べてごくわずかであった。デヒドロアスコルビン酸, レダクトン, 3-デオキシグルコソンはいずれも加熱により増加した。なかでも3-デオキシグルコソンの増加が顕著であった。
Diastereoselective, Vinylogous Mukaiyama Aldol Additions of Silyloxy Furans to Cyclic Ketones: Annulation of Butenolides and γ‐Lactones. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.