gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
GEOMETRIC MODELLING AND ALGORITHMS FOR BINARY MIXTURES (1994)

We present some computational methods in a particular case of mixing and separation theory, as an application of classical results in the field of computational geometry. Our aim is the production of some given mixtures by mixing parts of basic products. In the geometrical approach we use, products or mixtures are characterized by vectors and the mixing process by vector sums, in the vector space of physico-chemical species. The feasibility of a mixture is viewed as a point-inclusion in the convex set of mixtures which is a zonotope associated with basic mixtures. This paper is concerned with binary mixtures characterized by two species. The geometrical approach leads to plane geometry problems and gives complete solutions to the optimal fabrication of a mixture, as well as to the fabrication of a sequence of several mixtures. Using the framework of computational geometry, we present efficient algorithms for solving the main problems related to the management of binary mixtures.
Sedimentation of an RNA polymerase complex from vaccinia virus that specifically initiates and terminates transcription. (1987)

A high-molecular-weight protein complex that is capable of accurate transcription initiation and termination of vaccinia virus early genes without additional factors was demonstrated. The complex was solubilized by disruption of purified virions, freed of DNA by passage through a DEAE-cellulose column, and isolated by glycerol gradient sedimentation. All detectable RNA polymerase activity was associated with the transcription complex, whereas the majority of enzymes released from virus cores including mRNA (nucleoside-2'-O)methyltransferase, poly(A) polymerase, topoisomerase, nucleoside triphosphate phosphohydrolase II, protein kinase, and single-strand DNase sedimented more slowly. Activities corresponding to two enzymes, mRNA guanylyltransferase (capping enzyme) and nucleoside triphosphate phosphohydrolase I (DNA-dependent ATPase), partially sedimented with the complex. Silver-stained polyacrylamide gels, immunoblots, and autoradiographs confirmed the presence of subunits of vaccinia virus RNA polymerase, mRNA guanylyltransferase, and nucleoside triphosphate phosphohydrolase I, as well as additional unidentified polypeptides, in fractions with transcriptase activity. A possible role for the DNA-dependent ATPase was suggested by studies with ATP analogs with gamma-S or nonhydrolyzable beta-gamma-phosphodiester bonds. These analogs were used by vaccinia virus RNA polymerase to nonspecifically transcribe single-stranded DNA templates but did not support accurate transcription of early genes by the complex. Transcription also was sensitive to high concentrations of novobiocin; however, this effect could be attributed to inhibition of RNA polymerase or ATPase activities rather than topoisomerase.
Cesium Removal from Nuclear Waste Water by Supported Liquid Membranes Containing Calix-bis-crown Compounds (1996)

Calix[4]-bis-crowns 1-7 are used as selective cesium-carriers in supported liquid membranes (SLMs). Application of the Danesi diffusional model allows the transport isotherms of trace level 137Cs through SLMs (containing calix[4]-bis-crowns) to be determined as a function of the ionic concentration of the aqueous feed solutions. Compound 5 appears to be much more efficient than mixtures of crown ethers and acidic exchangers, especially in very acidic media. Decontamination factors greater than 20 are obtained in the treatment of synthetic acidic radioactive wastes. Permeability coefficient measurements are conducted for repetitive transport experiments in order to determine the SMLs stability with time. Very good results (over 50 days of stability) and high decontamination yields are observed with l,3-calix[4]-bis-crowns 5 and 6.
Ultrastructure and lectin cytochemistry of secretory cells in lingual glands of the Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). (2009)

In the present study, as continuation of our previous research, Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) lingual glands were investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to understand the cytoarchitecture and the subcellular sugar distribution within the different secretory structures. Indeed, glycosidic residues were visualized by applying an indirect technique of binding and the terminal sialoglycoconjugate sequences were characterized by employing sialidase digestion combined with lectin affinity. The ultrastructural analysis revealed an unusual cytoarchitecture of the caudal portion of anterior lingual gland that was composed of both secretory cells, filled with granules, and non-secretory cells, filled with mitochondria. Conversely, the posterior lingual gland was composed of secretory units of lingual glands only containing mucous cells filled with secretory granules with a variable morphology, including bipartite features characterized by an electron-lucent matrix and one or more electron-dense areas. Actual findings further supported that the quail lingual glands produce sialoglycoconjugates characterized by a heterogeneous composition. In conclusion, the cytological characteristics and the carbohydrate composition of quail lingual glands suggest that, analogously to mammal salivary glands, avian lingual glands could also be involved in several functions that can be correlated with the occurrence of sialic acids.
Modulation of the metabolism of beta-L-(-)-2',3'-dideoxy-3'-thiacytidine by thymidine, fludarabine, and nitrobenzylthioinosine (1997)

beta-L-(-)-2',3'-Dideoxy-3'-thiacytidine (3TC) is a cytosine nucleoside analog that potently inhibits the replication of human and duck hepatitis B viruses and human immunodeficiency virus through the activity of its 5'-triphosphate ester metabolite. The present study examined the intracellular decay of 3TC 5'-phosphates and tested strategies for modulating the cellular content of those nucleotides in primary cultures of duck hepatocytes and in human hepatoma 2.2.15 cells and CCRF-CEM T lymphoblasts. Inhibition by deoxycytidine of the 5'-phosphorylation of 3TC in duck hepatocytes confirmed that, as in mammalian cells, deoxycytidine kinase catalyzed 3TC activation. The 5'-mono, 5'-di-, and 5'-triphosphates of 3TC underwent monoexponential elimination from duck hepatocytes and 2.2.15 cells (half-lives, 3.6 to 8.0 h). Thymidine and fludarabine, which are agents that enhance the activity of deoxycytidine kinase, were tested in strategies for increasing the cellular content of 3TC 5'-phosphates. Coordinate treatment of cells with 3TC and thymidine (50 microM) increased the content of 3TC 5'-monophosphate in duck hepatocytes and the content of 3TC 5'-di- and 5'-triphosphates in 2.2.15 cells, but enhancement of 3TC 5'-phosphate levels in CCRF-CEM cells required a higher thymidine concentration (100 microM). Fludarabine (5 microM) did not affect the contents of 3TC 5'-di- and 5'-triphosphates in duck hepatocytes, but modestly increased the contents of those nucleotides in 2.2.15 cells and CCRF-CEM cells. Nitrobenzylthioinosine (NBMPR), an inhibitor of the es facilitated diffusion nucleoside transporter, reduced the level of entry of 3TC into 2.2.15 cells and abolished inward fluxes of thymidine, adenosine, and deoxycytidine. In 2.2.15 cells and CCRF-CEM cells, NBMPR reduced the formation of 3TC 5'-di- and 5'-triphosphates and reversed the thymidine- and fludarabine-induced increases in the formation of those nucleotides. NBMPR protected against the cytotoxicity of 3TC in CCRF-CEM cells, whereas thymidine potentiated that toxicity, apparently by enhancing the formation of 3TC 5'-triphosphate. Taken together, these results indicate that deoxycytidine kinase and the es nucleoside transporter are targets for manipulation of the metabolism and activity of 3TC.
Different sites of polyadenylation in mRNAs encoding a rat metabotropic glutamate receptor (1993)

Two new complementary DNAs overlapping cDNA clones that encode the G-protein coupled metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR1 from rat brain have been isolated and sequenced in their entirety. These new clones represent mRNA with 3' untranslated regions approximately 2.5 kilobases longer than the previously isolated cDNA clones. These results indicate that the previously observed two size classes of approximately 4 kb and approximately 7 kb which hybridize to sequences that encode this receptor use different polyadenylation signals and differ in the extent of their 3' untranslated sequence. There is a striking asymmetry in the distribution of a sequence involved in mRNA instability between the two mRNA species.
Cellular Automaton Model for Turing Tumble Mechanical Computer (2018)

This paper presents a cellular automaton-based model for a mechanical computer called 'Turing Tumble' computer. This computer uses mechanical reactions of a ball flowing down and mechanical components (such as gear and ramp) that are configured on the board, for its computation. A group of cells, called a supercell, is defined in the proposed model in order to represent simultaneous state transition of cells for implementing a chain reaction of connected gears. A small element with its memory called Converter is shown for an illustrative example on this model.
HYDROGEN ON-BOARD PRODUCTION BY MEANS OF ENGINES WASTE HEAT RECOVERY AND ITS USAGE AS A SUPPLEMENTARY FUEL (2014)

International audience
Laser scanning confocal endomicroscopy in the neurosurgical operating room: a review and discussion of future applications (2014)

Laser scanning confocal endomicroscopy (LSCE) is an emerging technology for examining brain neoplasms in vivo. While great advances have been made in macroscopic fluorescence in recent years, the ability to perform confocal microscopy in vivo expands the potential of fluorescent tumor labeling, can improve intraoperative tissue diagnosis, and provides real-time guidance for tumor resection intraoperatively. In this review, the authors highlight the technical aspects of confocal endomicroscopy and fluorophores relevant to the neurosurgeon, provide a comprehensive summary of LSCE in animal and human neurosurgical studies to date, and discuss the future directions and potential for LSCE in neurosurgery.
Spermatogenesis Alteration During Protracted Irradiation in Man (1975)

A total of 72 persons with long-term occupational exposure to ionizing radiations were subjected to an andrologic examination including semen analyses. The investigated subjects had not had any gonadic disease or other diseases which could induce spermatogenesis troubles. Semen specimens were compared with those of 42 controls of a similar mean age. The examination of spermatic liquid revealed hypospermia in 45.8%, asthenospermia in 68% and teratospermia in 75% of the investigated subjects. The incidence of these spermatogenesis alterations significantly differed from those of the controls. Parvisemia was not different between the exposed and control group even at a 5% threshold. Using the present day accepted criteria for defining hypofertility and infertility, there are significant differences between the exposed and control groups as regards the incidence of hypofertility and infertility (P < 0.05). The spermatogenesis alterations-especially hypospermia and teratospermia-noticed in protracted irradiation can account for lowering of fertility of men occupationally exposed to ionizing radiations, previously proved by epidemiologic researches carried out in various countries. As semen of poor quality is known to be associated with spontaneous abortions and stillbirths, and because these were also more frequently found in families of men occupationally exposed to ionizing radiations, our data bring supplementary and direct evidence in favour of a relationship between these dominant lethalities and long-term exposure to ionizing radiations.
Alpha channeling with high-field launch of lower hybrid waves (2015)

Although lower hybrid waves are effective at driving currents in present-day tokamaks, they are expected to interact strongly with high-energy particles in extrapolating to reactors. In the presence of a radial alpha particle birth gradient, this interaction can take the form of wave amplification rather than damping. While it is known that this amplification more easily occurs when launching from the tokamak high-field side, the extent of this amplification has not been made quantitative. Here, by tracing rays launched from the high-field-side of a tokamak, the required radial gradients to achieve amplification are calculated for a temperature and density regime consistent with a hot-ion-mode fusion reactor. These simulations, while valid only in the linear regime of wave amplification, nonetheless illustrate the possibilities for wave amplification using high-field launch of the lower hybrid wave.
Binary Discrete Cosine and Hartley Transforms (2012)

In this paper, a systematic method for developing a binary version of a given transform by using the Walsh-Hadamard transform (WHT) is proposed. The resulting transform approximates the underlying transform very well, while maintaining all the advantages and properties of WHT. The method is successfully applied for developing a binary discrete cosine transform (BDCT) and a binary discrete Hartley transform (BDHT). It is shown that the resulting BDCT corresponds to the well-known sequency-ordered WHT, whereas the BDHT can be considered as a new Hartley-ordered WHT. Specifically, the properties of the proposed Hartley-ordering are discussed and a shift-copy scheme is proposed for a simple and direct generation of the Hartley-ordering functions. For software and hardware implementation purposes, a unified structure for the computation of the WHT, BDCT, and BDHT is proposed by establishing an elegant relationship between the three transform matrices. In addition, a spiral-ordering is proposed to graphically obtain the BDHT from the BDCT and vice versa. The application of these binary transforms in image compression, encryption and spectral analysis clearly shows the ability of the BDCT (BDHT) in approximating the DCT (DHT) very well.
Control of processes with noise and time delays (1989)

Abstract A stable Kalman filter predictor (KFP) is developed which generates minimum variance estimates of the future outputs { y ( t + i | t ), i = 1, … d } of stochastic, single‐input/single‐output processes with time delay, d . The predicted outputs are used for time delay compensation and in the design of a predictive feedback controller. An innovation model analysis is used to convert the state space formulation to transfer function form and to show the relationship between the KFP, the Smith predictor, and the internal model controller. A modified KFP includes a disturbance model, and eliminates offset due to deterministic disturbances (e.g., steps) and modeling errors. Simulation results show that the modified KFP also predicts the disturbances and gives significantly better performance than the Smith predictor, particularly in the presence of process and measurement noise.
Serum from Hemodialysis Patients Inhibits Basal and Cytokine-Stimulated Tissue Factor Expression in Vitro (1999)

Hemorrhagic complications are common among hemodialysis (HD) patients. The mechanisms by which HD perturbs the coagulation cascade are still being defined. This study evaluated the influence of HD serum on cellular expression of tissue factor (TF), a procoagulant membrane-associated protein that is a pivotal regulator of blood coagulation. Serum was collected immediately before dialysis and 15, 30, and 180 min into HD using polysulfone membranes. Serum was then assessed for its ability to influence basal and cytokine-stimulated TF activity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells and ECV304 cells. Predialysis serum did not influence basal levels of TF activity. HD was associated with the appearance of a serum factor that suppressed basal TF activity (TF units/microg protein: predialysis serum 8.2 +/- 0.9; 180-min dialysis serum 4.9 +/- 0.6; P < 0.05) and TF activity induced by the cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) (TF units/microg protein: TNFalpha alone 15.9 +/- 0.7; TNFalpha + 180-min dialysis serum 5.9 +/- 0.9; P < 0.01). This response was not mimicked by heparin, suggesting production of an endogenous inhibitor of TF activity during HD. Dialysis was associated with a striking increase in circulating levels of tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI), a physiologic inhibitor of the TF/VIIa complex. The lack of temporal correlation between TFPI levels and suppression of TF activity, however, suggested the presence of additional TFPI independent pathway(s) for modulation of TF activity. Dialysis-related suppression of TF expression may contribute to hemorrhagic complications in HD patients.
Analysis, design, and performance evaluation of controlled-environment greenhouses (1971)

Human GH (hGH) has important effects on growth as well as carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism. These actions require the presence of normal levels of a functional hGH receptor (hGHR) on the surface of target cells. hGHR gene expression is characterized by the use of several 5'-noncoding exons and alternative splicing, resulting in the generation of multiple mRNA isoforms. The hGHR V2 transcript is predominant in most tissues, including human fat. However, factors regulating its ubiquitous expression have remained unidentified. The present study was aimed at characterizing the mechanisms regulating hGHR V2 transcription. Two major V2 transcriptional start sites were identified by primer extension assays. The V2 proximal promoter is TATA-less, with several characteristics of a housekeeping gene promoter. Transient transfection analyses of 2.6 kb of the 5'-flanking region of V2 confirmed its promoter activity in multiple primate cell lines. Similar promoter activity patterns were observed in human SGBS preadipocytes and mature adipocytes but with much higher V2 promoter activity in mature adipocytes, suggesting that changes in the availability of specific factors during adipocyte differentiation play a role in V2 promoter regulation. Serial deletion and mutation analyses revealed that transcription of hGHR V2 in different cell types, including adipocytes, is determined by a core promoter and distinct inhibitory and activation domains in the 5'-promoter region as well as within the V2 exon. Our data suggest that V2 transcription is the result of a complex interplay involving multiple factors, to ensure appropriate expression of hGHR in different hGH target cells.
Relations between fetal head descent and cervical dilatation during individual uterine contractions in the active stage of labor (2009)

The relationship between instantaneous changes in fetal head station and cervical dilatation within the individual contraction during the active stage of labor were studied and an index of labor progress was suggested. Cervix dilatation and fetal head station were measured continuously in 30 nullipara women (mean age 27.5, standard deviation 4.8). The continuous measurements enabled the analysis of each variable and the analysis of the relations between these two variables. The relationship between the head station and the cervical dilatation were demonstrated by plotting one against the other during a contraction. This led to the definition of a contraction vector that integrates the interaction between the two variables. The angle of this vector, that indicates this relation, was plotted against mean head station to demonstrate change along the delivery process regardless of time to normalize the progress and allow comparison between different women with different labor durations. This plot showed a sharp change from almost zero into a steep curve at about zero head station. A zero angle indicates that the cervix dilates during a contraction with little effect on head station while a steep angle indicates a significant effect of cervical dilatation on head station during the contraction. The contraction-vector angle reflects the changing intra-contraction relationship between head station and cervical dilatation. The angle of this vector may serve as an indicator of labor progress.
Hydrogenation of Carbon Monoxide over the Mixed Catalyst Composed of Co–Ni/MnO–ZrO2 and Zeolite Catalyst (1989)

Abstract The mechanical mixtures of Co–Ni/MnO–ZrO2 and zeolite were used as catalysts for the selective synthesis of gasoline by CO hydrogenation. Formation of branched-paraffins was promoted but that of higher hydrocarbons than carbon number of 10 was suppressed by combination with zeolite. The product distribution strongly depended on the type of zeolite catalyst. The combination of Co–Ni/MnO–ZrO2 with PtH-pentasil zeolite was very active for the formation of gasoline with high octane number.
Linkage Mapping of the Locus Responsible for Male Pseudohermaphroditism (mp) on Rat Chromosome 7 (2004)

TF is a mutant rat strain showing male pseudohermaphroditism controlled by an autosomal single recessive gene (mp). The affected rats show lack of Leydig cells and androgen deficiency. In this study, we performed linkage analysis using F(2) progeny of crosses between TF and BN strains to determine the chromosomal localization of the mp locus. The mp locus was mapped in a 4 cM region of the distal region of rat chromosome 7 between D7Rat3 and D7Rat115 or D7Rat94. Comparison of the linkage map with corresponding regions of the published rat genome sequence revealed several candidate genes for the mp mutation, including the Dhh, Tegt, Gdp3, and Amhr2 genes.