gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transient analysis of a line start hysteresis interior permanent magnet motor (2014)

A hysteresis interior permanent magnet (IPM) motor is a solid-rotor self-starting synchronous motor. Its rotor has a hysteresis ring made of 36% cobalt-steel alloys with buried Nd-B-Fe magnets inside it. This paper presents the transient analysis of a line start hysteresis IPM motor to investigate its starting and synchronization capability for different loading conditions. In this paper, d-q axis equivalent circuit models of a hysteresis IPM motor have been developed based on the elliptical approximation of the hysteresis loop. Simulations have been carried out to obtain the run-up responses of a 3-phase 4-pole 208V, 2.5kW line start hysteresis IPM motor. Simulation results are presented and analyzed in this paper. Experimental investigations are also carried out for a laboratory prototype 2.5 kW hysteresis IPM motor. There is a close agreement between simulation and experimental results. Both the simulation and experimental results exhibit that the proposed motor has good self-starting and synchronization capabilities.
Disparity Between One- and Two-Stage Factor VIII Assays in Measuring VIIIC in Heparinized Plasma (1985)

The level of Factor VIII procoagulant activity (VIIIC) was found to be more than 30% higher in heparinized plasma than in citrated plasma from the same donor when determined by a one-stage assay (1.34 U/ml versus 1.0 U/ml). However, after Al(OH)3 adsorption and two-stage assay, the VIIIC levels were not significantly different for the two types of plasma (0.90 +/- 0.25 U/ml versus 0.82 +/- 0.23 U/ml). If a one-stage assay was employed after adsorption, a similar low result was obtained (0.92 +/- 0.21 U/ml versus 0.91 +/- 0.12 U/ml). This indicated that the adsorption step itself was responsible for the difference in results. Parallel analyses of other VIII markers demonstrated that more VIIIC antigen (VIIICAg) was removed by adsorption of heparinized rather than citrated plasma (0.33 U/ml versus 0.12 U/ml) although there was no difference in the level of VIII-related antigen (VIIIRAg). The results show that adsorption of heparinized plasma prior to either one- or two-stage assay leads to a greater loss of both VIIIC and VIIICAg activity than observed with citrated plasma and indicate that, when applied to heparin plasma the two-stage assay for VIIIC underestimates the actual VIIIC content.
Cyclotron-produced Zn-62: its possible use in prostate and pancreas scanning as a Zn-62 amino acid chelate. (1977)

Zinc-62 is a positron emitter that localizes in pancreas, prostate, and liver. Cyclotron-produced Zn-62 was separated by column chromatography and evaluated in vivo as the chelate of five amino acids and also as 62ZnCl2. Tissue-distribution studies were done in normal animals from 0.7-23 hr after intravenous administration. Pancreas-to-liver ratios (per gram) of about 1.0 were found at 1.5 hr in studies on rats, dogs, and monkeys. Pancreas was as difficult to separate from liver in Zn-62 (amino acid) images as in [75Se] selenomethionine images. Some studies were done with Zn-65 to determine the effects of carrier zinc and molar ratios of ligand. The highest ratio of pancreas to liver in these studies was 1.44. This uptake ratio decreases with increasing amounts of histidine, but the ratio is increased by adding carrier zinc because there results a decrease in liver uptake and no change in the pancreas uptake. There is sufficient specificity of pancreas and prostate uptake to make feasible emission computed tomography with Zn-62.
6H-SiC Solid State Detector Development for a Neutron Measurement (2008)

A new solid state detector based on 6H-SiC is one of the promising devices in the nuclear industry for high-level radiation applications in a harsh high-temperature environment. SiC is a semi-conductor with a 3.03-eV band gap energy, and known as a radiation-resistance material. SiC detectors were fabricated by using a 6H-SiC wafer. The properties of the 6H-SiC wafer were over a 106 ohm-cm resistivity, a 380 μm thickness, and a (0001)-oriented type. The 6H-SiC detector was prepared by the processes of a dicing, etching, removal of an oxidation layer and a mounting on an alumina substrate. SiC detector was 10×10 mm2 with a 19.6mm2 active area. The circular metal contacts consisted of a Si-face/Ni/Au and a C-face/Ni/Au structure. Thin LiF and B film was coated onto the SiC detector surface for a neutron converter. The electrical current-voltage performances of the detectors were measured by using the Keithley 4200-SCS parameter analyzer with self voltage sources. Neutron responses were measured by using a 252Cf source.
New prospects for silicon-based terabit memories and data storage systems (1999)

Recent calculations of Fowler-Nordheim tunnelling through `crested' (graded) tunnel barriers have indicated that floating-gate structures using such barriers may combine multi-year retention time with nanosecond recharging time. This effect may be used for the implementation of terabit-scalable, non-volatile random-access memories (NOVORAM) and ultradense electrostatic data storage systems (ESTOR) which may revolutionize digital electronics. In particular, if combined with ultrafast rapid single-flux-quantum (RSFQ) logic circuits, the new memory and storage techniques may lead to the development, within a few years, of teraflops-scale desktop computers.
A general decoding technique applicable to replicated file disagreement location and concatenated code decoding (1990)

Code symbols are treated as vectors in an r-dimensional vector space F/sup r/ over a field F. Given any (n, k) linear block code over F with minimum distance d, it is possible to derive an (n, k) code with symbols over F/sup r/, also with minimum distance d, which can correct any pattern of d-2 or fewer symbol errors for which the symbol errors as vectors are linearly independent. This is about twice the bound on the number of errors guaranteed to be correctable. Furthermore, if the error vectors are linearly dependent and d-2 or fewer in number, the existence of dependence can always be detected. A decoding techinque is described for which complexity increases no greater than as n/sup 3/, for any choice of code. For the two applications considered, situations are described where the probability of the error patterns being linearly dependent decreases exponentially with r.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Comparative Mitochondrial Genomics within and among Yeast Species of the Lachancea Genus (2012)

Yeasts are leading model organisms for mitochondrial genome studies. The explosion of complete sequence of yeast mitochondrial (mt) genomes revealed a wide diversity of organization and structure between species. Recently, genome-wide polymorphism survey on the mt genome of isolates of a single species, Lachancea kluyveri, was also performed. To compare the mitochondrial genome evolution at two hierarchical levels: within and among closely related species, we focused on five species of the Lachancea genus, which are close relatives of L. kluyveri. Hence, we sequenced the complete mt genome of L. dasiensis, L. nothofagi, L. mirantina, L. fantastica and L. meyersii. The phylogeny of the Lachancea genus was explored using these data. Analysis of intra- and interspecific variability across the whole Lachancea genus led to the same conclusions regarding the mitochondrial genome evolution. These genomes exhibit a similar architecture and are completely syntenic. Nevertheless, genome sizes vary considerably because of the variations of the intergenic regions and the intron content, contributing to mitochondrial genome plasticity. The high variability of the intergenic regions stands in contrast to the high level of similarity of protein sequences. Quantification of the selective constraints clearly revealed that most of the mitochondrial genes are under purifying selection in the whole genus.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOCYCLIZATION OF (3‐OXO)BUTYL GLYCOPYRANOSIDES (1981)

Abstract Durch Photocyclisierung vom Norrish‐II‐Typ werden aus den Titelverbindungen (I), (III) bzw. (V) (Darstellung beschrieben) die Hydroxyspiroketale (IIa)+(IIb) [ aus (Ia)], (IIc) + (IId) [aus (Ib)], (IVa)‐(IVd) bzw. (VIa)‐(VId) erhalten.
Respiration-linked proton translocation coupled to anaerobic reduction of manganese(IV) and iron(III) in Shewanella putrefaciens MR-1 (1990)

An oxidant pulse technique, with lactate as the electron donor, was used to study respiration-linked proton translocation in the manganese- and iron-reducing bacterium Shewanella putrefaciens MR-1. Cells grown anaerobically with fumarate or nitrate as the electron acceptor translocated protons in response to manganese (IV), fumarate, or oxygen. Cells grown anaerobically with fumarate also translocated protons in response to iron(III) and thiosulfate, whereas those grown with nitrate did not. Aerobically grown cells translocated protons only in response to oxygen. Proton translocation with all electron acceptors was abolished in the presence of the protonophore carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (20 microM) and was partially to completely inhibited by the electron transport inhibitor 2-n-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline N-oxide (50 microM).
Endogenous and exogenous factors affecting ribosomal RNA release from rat liver nuclei in a cell-free system (1984)

rRNA release from isolated liver nuclei has been analyzed in a reconstituted cell-free system using density-gradient analysis and hybridization to a specific recombinant DNA probe to monitor the process. The cell-free system was shown previously to be energy- and cytosol-dependent and to support the formation and release of functional ribosomal subunits. The release of rRNA is now shown to have an absolute dependence on a 70000 dalton cytosol protein. Although in vivo studies suggest that chronic administration of thioacetamide may block formation of a protein involved in the nucleocytoplasmic transfer of ribosomes, the 70000 dalton transport factor is not affected by the treatment. Rather the defect appears to be localized to the nucleus, since it cannot be reversed with normal cytosol from a homologous source. Early stages of nRNA processing appear to be affected by thioacetamide, although additional effects on transport are not ruled out.
A grey-box model for steam pressure dynamics in the drying section of a paper machine (2004)

In the drying section of a paper machine, steam heated cylinders are used to control the moisture of the produced paper. In previous work it has been shown that the dynamics from the steam valve to the steam pressure in the cylinder can be described by a linear second order black box process model. In this paper an equivalent model based on first principles is presented. The foundation of this model is simple mass and energy balances, and it has the same structure and order as the black box model.
Wide Bandgap Ai/sub x/Ga/sub 1x/N Material System For Visible And Ultraviolet Optoelectronic Devices (1993)

AlxGa1-xN with it's tunable and direct bandgap is an important semiconductor system for visible and ultraviolet devices. The bandgap tunability from 200 nm at x = 1 to 365 nm at x= 0 combined with the tunable refractive index makes possible the fabrication of waveguide structures. Recently high quality single crustal films of AlN, GaN and AlGaN have been deposited over sapphire subs rates by several research groups using metalorganic chemical vapor deposition [1234]. N- and p- type doping [4,5] and high quality heterojunctions have also been reported[6]. These material quality improvements and control has resulted in several optoelectronic devices such as high responsivity UV detectors, Bragg reflectors, waveguides, transistors and visible LED's. We will briefly describe these recent advances and some current research directions.
Supramolecular Compounds of Cyclodextrins with [60]Fullerene (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Experimental Modeling of Monolithic Resistors for Silicon ICS with a Robust Optimizer-Driving Scheme (2002)

Today, an exhaustive library of models describing the electrical behavior of integrated passive components in the radio-frequency range is essential for the simulation and optimization of complex circuits. In this work, a preliminary study has been done on Tantalum Nitride (TaN) resistors integrated on silicon, and this leads to a single p-type lumped-element circuit. An efficient extraction technique will be presented to provide a computer-driven optimizer with relevant initial model parameter values (the "guess-timate"). The results show the unicity in most cases of the lumped element determination, which leads to a precise simulation of self-resonant frequencies.
Assessment of Risk for Periodontal Disease. II. Risk Indicators for Alveolar Bone Loss (1995)

This study examined the risk indicators for alveolar bone loss associated with periodontal infection. A cross-section of 1,361 subjects aged 25 to 74 years, from Erie County, NY were evaluated for interproximal alveolar bone loss and potential explanatory variables including age, gender, history of systemic diseases, smoking, and presence of 8 subgingival bacteria. Interproximal alveolar bone loss was measured from the alveolar crest to the CEJ and a mean computed for each subject. The mean bone loss per subject (BL) ranged from 0.4 to 8.8 mm, and this outcome variable was grouped into 4 ordered categories. The degree of association between the explanatory variables and BL was examined utilizing an ordinal stepwise logistic regression model. Factors which were positively associated with more severe bone loss included subgingival colonization with B. forsythus (O.R. 2.52; 95% CI: 1.98 to 3.17) or P. gingivalis (O.R. 1.73; 95% CI: 1.27 to 2.37), race (Native American, Asian, or Pacific Islanders) with an O.R. 2.40 (95% CI: 1.21 to 4.79), and gender with males having higher odds than females. Smokers had greater odds for more severe bone loss compared to non-smokers ranging from 3.25 (95% CI: 2.33 to 4.54) to 7.28 (95% CI: 5.09 to 10.31) for light and heavy smokers, respectively. Individuals at older ages also showed more severe levels of bone loss. History of kidney disease (O.R. 0.55; 95% CI: 0.35 to 0.89) and history of allergies (O.R. 0.76; 95% CI: 0.59 to 0.98) were inversely associated with severity of bone loss.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Global alteration in gene expression profiles of deciduas from women with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss (2012)

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) occurs in ∼5% of women. However, the etiology is still poorly understood. Defects in decidualization of the endometrium during early pregnancy contribute to several pregnancy complications, such as pre-eclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and are believed to be important in the pathogenesis of idiopathic RPL. We performed microarray analysis to identify gene expression alterations in the deciduas of idiopathic RPL patients. Control patients had one antecedent term delivery, but were undergoing dilation and curettage for current aneuploid miscarriage. Gene expression differences were evaluated using both pathway and gene ontology (GO) analysis. Selected genes were validated using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). A total of 155 genes were found to be significantly dysregulated in the deciduas of RPL patients (>2-fold change, P < 0.05), with 22 genes up-regulated and 133 genes down-regulated. GO analysis linked a large percentage of genes to discrete biological functions, including immune response (23%), cell signaling (18%) and cell invasion (17.1%), and pathway analysis revealed consistent changes in both the interleukin 1 (IL-1) and IL-8 pathways. All genes in the IL-8 pathway were up-regulated while genes in the IL-1 pathway were down-regulated. Although both pathways can promote inflammation, IL-1 pathway activity is important for normal implantation. Additionally, genes known to be critical for degradation of the extracellular matrix, including matrix metalloproteinase 26 and serine peptidase inhibitor Kazal-type 1, were also highly up-regulated. In this first microarray approach to decidual gene expression in RPL patients, our data suggest that dysregulation of genes associated with cell invasion and immunity may contribute significantly to idiopathic recurrent miscarriage.
Lentivirus-Like Particles Without Reverse Transcriptase Elicit Efficient Immune Responses (2006)

Following infection by HIV or SIV, reverse transcriptase (RT) directs the conversion of the single-stranded RNA genome into a double-stranded DNA molecule that integrates into the host cell genome. RT encodes for several immunogenic epitopes that are desirable for inclusion in a human vaccine for HIV infection, however, issues of safety have dampened enthusiasm for inclusion of an enzymatically-active RT molecule into an AIDS vaccine. In this study, virally-regulated, replication-incompetent lentiviral particles were expressed from DNA plasmids. The sequences for integrase, Vpr, Vif, Nef, and the long terminal repeats (LTRs) were deleted and mutations were engineered into capsid to decreases RNA packaging. Virus-like particles incorporated no RT (HIV-VLP DeltaRT or SHIV-VLP DeltaRT) or contained a full-length enzymatically-inactivated RT molecule (HIV-VLP or SHIV-VLP). Each secreted VLP was enveloped with a lipid bilayer derived from primate cells with embedded, native viral envelopes in similar concentrations as infectious virions. BALB/c mice were vaccinated (weeks 0, 3, and 6) with purified VLPs via intranasal inoculation in the presence of cytosine-phosphate-guanosine oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODNs). All VLPs, with or without RT, elicited both robust humoral and cellular immune responses to Gag, Pol, and Env antigens. Therefore, the lack of RT enhances the safety of these VLPs for use in future human clinical trials without a significant reduction in the overall immunogenicity of these VLP immunogens.
CFD Modeling of A Ladle With Top Stirring Lance (2016)

Steel cleanliness is very important for the quality of final products. Stirring ladles have been widely used to ensure the good quality steel produced from liquid iron in steelmaking industry. Proper stirring is crucial for obtaining clean steel. In this study, three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique is used to study the transient multiphase flow inside a working ladle at a steel plant. The study presents a comparison of three different methods to model multiphase flow, i.e. the volume of fluid (VOF) method, the Eulerian-Eulerian method, and the Eulerian-Lagrangian method. The simulation results are compared with experimental data obtained from a working ladle. The best simulation method, which gives the most accurate results within a reasonable amount of computational time, will be applied to optimize operating parameters under various conditions.
Konzepte zur Gestaltung von Unternehmensgedächtnissen. (2002)

Die Realisierung eines Organizational Memory – eines Unternehmensgedachtnisses – ist ein wichtiges Ziel im IT-gestutzten Wissensmanagement. Es gilt, relevantes Wissen zu erfassen und in personenunabhangiger Weise zu speichern, um es im richtigen Moment verfugbar zu machen. Getreu seinem Vorbild, dem menschlichen Gedachtnis, soll ein Organizational Memory daruber hinaus die Weiterentwicklung des Wissens unterstutzen und so zum Herzstuck des lernenden Unternehmens werden. Wir stellen drei Konstruktionsprinzipien vor, die unseres Erachtens fur die Realisierung von Organizational Memories von entscheidender Bedeutung sind und interessante Betatigungsfelder fur Techniken der symbolischen KI eroffnen. In Weiterfuhrung der Entwicklungslinien identifizieren wir Forschungsthemen fur die nahe Zukunft, die der Notwendigkeit zunehmender Flexibilitat auf allen Ebenen eines Organizational Memory gerecht werden.
The role of Gc protein oligosaccharide structure as a risk factor for COPD. (2007)

The relationship between COPD risk and the features of the sugar structure in Gc proteins was examined, and it appeared that the active factors (i.e., dipole moment, dGW) might be risk factors for COPD, but passive factors (i.e., ESP) did not affect COPD risk. The bond type (beta-1,4 or beta-1,3) between galactose and N-acetylgalactosamine did not affect the molecular features.
Herztransplantation quo vadis? (2016)

Mit Hilfe des klugen Einsatzes der modernen Kunstherztherapie wird es möglich sein, den medizinischen Druck auf der Warteliste zu reduzieren und die Anzahl der Patienten, die im Hochdringlichkeitsstatus mit schlechter Aussicht eine Transplantation erhalten würden, zu verringern.
(Invited) Atmospheric Corrosion of Zinc Magnesium Aluminum Coated Steel (2016)

Hot dip galvanized steel and zinc alloyed coated steel such as ZnAl and ZnAlMg (ZM) are used in the building industry and in the automotive industry. However, In the case of zinc coated steel with Al and Mg, there is still relatively scarce information on the long term performance under atmospheric weathering conditions. Although large efforts have been made to study the corrosion products formed on zinc under atmospheric weathering conditions (see for instance reference 1 and 2), very few data exist on HDG and zinc alloyed coated steel [5] This work is a part of a larger research program were steel with different zinc coatings are exposed on a worldwide basis on well characterized exposure sites in Europe, Asia and North America, see table 1. Corrosion rates of hot dip galvanized steel and zinc magnesium aluminum (e.g. 2% w% of Al and 2w% of Mg) coated steel were determined after 1, 2 and 4 years of exposure under different climatic conditions. The formation and development of corrosion products was followed by detailed analysis of samples exposed 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 years using XRD, FTIR-spectroscopy and SEM-EDS. For HDG the sulphate/carbonate ratio was highly dependent on the exposure site (with low values at marine sites and high values at industrial sites). A model of initiation and propagation of local corrosion on HDG has been proposed. The analyses of corrosion products on ZM coated steel revealed higher sulphate/carbonate ratio compared to HDG. This may be linked to the corrosion rate of the coating with less formation of hydrozincite. The data are discussed in view of current knowledge in atmospheric corrosion of zinc, HDG and ZM coated steel materials [1-6] Table 1. Test sites in the exposure program Code Name Country Distance to Sea(m) A Brest France <5 B Bohus-Malmön (I) Sweden <5 C Bohus-Malmön (II) Sweden 300 D Ijmuiden Netherlands 2600 E Cadiz Spain 750 F Jiangjin China ̴900 km G Ostrawa Czech Republic ̴500 km H Dubai UAE 2000 I Daytona Beach USA 100 J Quindao China 10 K Wanning China 100 L Bangkok Thailand 35 km M Sattahip Thailand 10 N Singapore SIngapore 10 References