gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MOBBS: A Multi-tiered Block Storage System for Virtual Machines Using Object-Based Storage (2014)

The recent decade witnesses the prevalence of hybrid storage systems that offer storage based on diverse storage devices to achieve both cost savings and performance improvements. However, there have been little of studies focusing on the challenging scenario of providing hybrid block storage for Virtual Machines (VMs), which is subject to several stringent requirements such as availability and scalability. To bridge this gap, we designed and implemented a multi-tiered storage system called MOBBS which provides hybrid block storage for VMs on top of object-based storage infrastructure. MOBBS achieves efficient utilization of different storage devices by striping data into partitions and intelligently determining appropriate data placement by monitoring and analyzing real-time workloads. Moreover, leveraging the benefits of object-based storage, several techniques are designed to promise storage provisioning for VMs with high availability and scalability. A Ceph implementation of MOBBS is evaluated using both block and file system workloads. The results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of MOBBS in utilization of different storage devices.
A Phenomenological Perspective and Discovery of Meaning in Nurse's Experience in Clinics (2003)

Purpose: The ultimate aim of the inquiry was to discover the essence of nurse's experience and promote understanding. Method : Guided by Colaizzi's method - 1. Description of the phenomena of interest by the reader. 2. collection of subject's description of the phenomena, 3. Reading all the subject's descriptions of the phenomenon, 4. Returning the original transcripts and extracting significant statements, 5. Trying to spell out the meaning of each significant statements, 6. Organizing the aggregate formalized meanings into clusters of themes. 7. Writing an exhaustive description, 8. Returning to the subjects for validation of the description, 9. If new data fare revealed during the validations incorporating them into an exhaustive description. The participants in this study were eight are nurses working for clinics. This strategies for data collecting were needed : deep face to face interview. Results : 6 cluster of themes are : 1. the heavy pressure, 2. the pride and the royal summons, 3. the powerlessness, 4. the hope, 5. the tiresome. 6. the distressed feeling. Conclusion : The results of the this study would help us to understand nurses in clinics, make direction for nursing education, and identify need for continuing inquiry.
Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors in the rat ventral prostate and Dunning R3327 PAP adenocarcinoma before and after castration (1998)

Decreased mRNA expression of VEGF, but not flt-1, was found in the rat VP after castration. However, in the Dunning tumor, castration did not alter the expression of VEGF mRNA. Moreover, elevated levels of both mRNA for VEGF and its receptors relative to the VP were observed, indicating that the VEGF system may be important for Dunning tumor development.
Laser-Cooled Mercury Ion Frequency Standard (1998)

A stable and accurate frequency standard based on the 40.5 GHz ground-state hyperfine transition in ${}^{199}{\mathrm{Hg}}^{+}$ ions is described. The ions are confined in a cryogenic linear Paul (rf) trap and laser cooled to form a linear crystal. With seven ions and a Ramsey interrogation time of 100 s, the fractional frequency stability is 3.3 $(2)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}13}{\ensuremath{\tau}}^{\ensuremath{-}1/2}$ for measurement times $\ensuremath{\tau}<2\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{h}$. The ground-state hyperfine interval is measured to be 40 507 347 996.841 59 (14) (41) Hz, where the first number in the parentheses is the uncertainty due to statistical and systematic effects, and the second is the uncertainty in the frequency of the time scale to which our standard is compared.
Dead Space Mask Eliminates Central Apnea at Altitude (2013)

Travelers to high altitude may have disturbed sleep due to periodic breathing with frequent central apneas. We tested whether a mask with added dead space could reduce the central apneas of altitude. 16 subjects were recruited, age 18-35, residing at 4600 ft (1400 m). They each slept one night with full polysomnographic monitoring, including end tidal CO2, in a normobaric hypoxia tent simulating 12,000 ft. (3658 m) altitude. Those who had a central apnea index (CAI) >20/h returned for a night in the tent for dead space titration, during which they slept with increasing amounts of dead space, aiming for a CAI <5/h or <10% of baseline. Then each subject slept another night with the titrated amount of dead space. Of the 16 subjects, 5 had a central apnea index >20/h mean 49.1, range 21.4-131.5/hr. In each of the 5, the dead space mask reduced the CAI by at least 88% to a mean of 3.1, range 0.9-7.1/h, (p=0.04). Hypopnea index was unchanged. Three subjects required 500 cc of dead space or less. One subject required 860 cc, and one required 2.1 L. Morning symptoms and arousal index were not significantly affected by the dead space mask. Dead space did not appear to increase the CO2 reserve. At 12,000 ft., central apneas can be effectively reduced with a dead space mask, but clinical utility will require further evaluation.
Extracting origin destination information from mobile phone data (2002)

Traffic origin destination data is one of the most important pieces of information required for effective network management and strategic planning. Origin destination (OD) matrices provide an estimate of the number of vehicles travelling between points on a network over a given period of time. Accurate origin destination matrices are required in assignment models, but have a wide variety of other uses. At TRL both the assignment model CONTRAM8 and the microscopic simulation model SISTM require OD matrices as input, as do almost all existing traffic models. For future applications, the Highways Agency are likely to require a national OD matrix, covering the trunk road network in the UK.
ChemInform Abstract: SOME SULFONYL DERIVATIVES OF PHENOXYACETAMIDE (1979)

Abstract Die Phenoxyacetamide (II) und (IX) lassen sich in die Sulfonylchloride (III) und (X) überführen, die durch die Derivate (IV), (V) und (XI) charakterisiert werden.
MicroRNAs in Vascular Disease (2010)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a novel class of endogenous, small, noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression via degradation, translational inhibition, or translational activation of their target messenger RNAs. Functionally, an individual miRNA is important as a transcription factor because it is able to regulate the expression of its multiple target genes. As a group, miRNAs are able to directly regulate at least 30% of genes in a cell. In addition, other genes may also be regulated indirectly by miRNAs. It is therefore not surprising that miRNAs could be the pivotal regulators in normal development, physiology, and pathology. Recent studies have identified that miRNAs are highly expressed in vasculature and their expression is dysregulated in diseased vessels. miRNAs are found to be critical modulators for vascular cell functions such as cell differentiation, contraction, migration, proliferation, and apoptosis. Accordingly, miRNAs are involved in the vascular dysfunction, ischemic angiogenesis, reendothelialization, and vascular neointimal lesion formation under diverse vascular diseases. miRNAs may serve as novel therapeutic targets for vascular diseases such as impaired angiogenesis or reendothelialization, restenosis, atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetic vascular complication. This review article summarizes the research progress regarding the roles of miRNAs in vascular diseases.
Design and development of FPGA based adaptive thresholder for image processing applications (2011)

This paper presents design, implementation and real time validation of Image binarization process using weight based clustering algorithm, which uses the clustering property of neural network. The generic technique for image binarization requires choosing a threshold value and comparing the pixel values with the threshold and classifying as black and white. The proposed algorithm calculates a global optimum threshold by learning from the image background and foreground features. A simple two-weight neural network is implemented to cluster the foreground and background pixels. Here an adaptive thresholding technique based on competitive learning is selected for Weight Updating. The developed algorithm is implemented on a FPGA platform hardware system, which consists of two functional blocks. The first block is used to obtain the threshold value for the image frame; another block to apply the threshold value to the frame. This parallelism and the simple hardware component of both blocks make this approach suitable for real-time applications, while the performance remains comparable with the Otsu technique frequently used in off-line threshold determination. Results from the proposed algorithm are presented for numerous examples, both from simulations and experimentally using the FPGA.
Contrast enhanced high-resolution diffuse optical tomography of the human brain using ICG (2011)

Non-invasive diffuse optical tomography (DOT) of the adult brain has recently been shown to improve the spatial resolution for functional brain imaging applications. Here we show that high-resolution (HR) DOT is also advantageous for clinical perfusion imaging using an optical contrast agent. We present the first HR-DOT results with a continuous wave near infrared spectroscopy setup using a dense grid of optical fibers and indocyanine green (ICG) as an exogenic contrast agent. We find an early arrival of the ICG bolus in the intracerebral tissue and a delayed arrival of the bolus in the extracerebral tissue, achieving the separation of both layers. This demonstrates the method's potential for brain perfusion monitoring in neurointensive care patients.
Enhancement of the affinity of cellobiohydrolase I and its catalytic domain to cellulose in the presence of the reaction product--cellobiose. (1999)

The catalytic domain of cellobiohydrolase I from Trichoderma reesei has been obtained by papain treatment of the native enzyme adsorbed onto the surface of microcrystalline cellulose. Both the intact and the truncated enzyme are almost equally active toward soluble fluorogenic derivatives of cellobi-, -tri-, -tetra-, and -pentaose, the fastest and the slowest fluorophore liberation being observed for MUF-cellopenta- and -tetraose, respectively. Titration of the active centers of the intact enzyme and its catalytic domain with MUF-cellotetraose showed their molecular masses to be 49 and 39 kD, respectively, the dissociation constants of the enzyme-soluble ligand complexes being almost equal (65 and 70 nM at 20 degrees C, respectively). In contrast, the intact enzyme and its catalytic core have been shown to significantly (50-60 times) differ in their affinity to insoluble microcrystalline cellulose at low enzyme loading (up to 10 mg per g of the substrate). At 20 degrees C the dissociation constants for the two forms of the enzyme are estimated to be 10 and 500 nM, respectively. Surprisingly, under these conditions the reaction product and inhibitor, cellobiose (Ki = 10 microM), at the concentration 10 mM, increased 3-4-fold the affinity of both the intact cellobiohydrolase and its catalytic domain to cellulose.
Eliminating Target Shadows For Improved Tracking And Shape Estimation In Outdoor Monocular Diurnal Sequences (1996)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Trieste, Italy, 1996
<i>KRAS</i> p.G13D mutation and codon 12 mutations are not created equal in predicting clinical outcomes of cetuximab in metastatic colorectal cancer (2012)

Patients who had mCRC with the KRAS p.G13D mutation appeared to benefit more from cetuximab than patients who had tumors with KRAS codon 12 mutations. However, because of the limited sample sizes in the current meta-analysis, these results should be interpreted with caution.
A Distribution-Free Upper Confidence Bound for $\Pr \{Y &lt; X\}$, Based on Independent Samples of $X$ and $Y$ (1958)

A solution for the problem of obtaining a distribution-free one-sided confidence interval for $p = \Pr \{Y < X\}$ has been proposed in [1]. At present a numerical procedure is given for computing the sample sizes needed for such a confidence interval with given width and confidence level.
Antibacterial activity of bee honey and its therapeutic usefulness against Escherichia coli 0157:H7 and Salmonella typhimurium infection (2004)

The authors studied the effect of storage period and heat on the physical and chemical properties of honey and proceeded to study the antibacterial effect of honey on Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. In samples of honey (Egyptian clover honey) that were heat-treated and stored over a long period of time, water content decreased, hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) was produced and increased in concentration, and enzyme activity decreased. Colour, measured in optical density, was markedly affected in honey samples stored over long periods of time, as was the refractive index, but electrical conductivity remained unaffected by storage or heating. Similarly, the storage period had no effect on pH value. To study the therapeutic effect of honey on E.coli and S. typhimurium, 25 isolates of E. coil O157:H7 (18.5%) and 49 isolates of S. typhimurium (36.2%) were isolated from 135 samples taken from children and calves (30 stool samples from children and 105 samples from calf organs and faecal swabs). Most E. coli O157:H7 and S. typhimurium isolates were highly resistant to most antibiotic discs. In vitro, the antibacterial effect of honey was more pronounced on E. coil O157:H7 than on S. typhimurium. Water content, pH value, HMF and the presence of H2O, all played an important role in the potency of olover honey as an antibacterial agent. In vivo, mice were used as a model for studying the parenteral usefulness of honey as an antibacterial agent against both pathogens. The antibacterial activity of honey that had been stored over a long period of time decreased and high concentrations of honey proved more effective as antibacterial agents. In this study there was lower mortality among mice treated with honey but the parenteral application of honey and its therapeutic properties require further investigation.
Src/FAK-mediated regulation of E-cadherin as a mechanism for controlling collective cell movement (2011)

Recent advances in confocal and multi-photon microscopy, together with fluorescent probe development, have enabled cancer biology studies to go beyond the culture dish and interrogate cancer-associated processes in the complex in vivo environment. Regulation of the tumor suppressor protein E-cadherin plays an important role in cancer development and progression and may contribute to the decision between 'single cell' and 'collective invasion' in vivo. Mounting evidence from in vitro and in vivo experiments places the two non-receptor protein tyrosine kinases Src and Focal Adhesion Kinase, at the heart of E-cadherin regulation, and the crosstalk between integrins and cadherins. Here we discuss recent insights, attained using high resolution fluorescent in vivo imaging, into the regulation of E-cadherin and collective invasion. We focus on the regulatory crosstalk between the Src/FAK signaling axis and E-cadherin in vivo.
Measurement of rapidly available glucose (RAG) in plant foods: a potential<i>in vitro</i>predictor of the glycaemic response (1996)

The glycaemic index (GI) is an in vivo measurement based on the glycaemic response to carbohydrate-containing foods, and allows foods to be ranked on the basis of the rate of digestion and absorption of the carbohydrates that they contain. GI values are normalized to a reference amount of available carbohydrate and do no reflect the amounts of carbohydrate normally present in foods; for example, a food with a low content of carbohydrates will have a high GI value if that carbohydrate is digested and absorbed rapidly in the human small intestine. This is potentially confusing for a person wishing to control his or her blood glucose levels by the choice of foods. The rate and extent of starch digestion in vitro has been measured using a technique that classifies starch into three major fractions: rapidly digestible starch (RDS), slowly digestible starch (SDS) and resistant starch (RS). In addition, this technique gives a value for rapidly available glucose (RAG), which includes RDS, free glucose and the glucose moiety of sucrose. When the values for thirty-nine foods were expressed on the basis of the available carbohydrate content of these foods, highly significant (P < 0.001) positive correlations were observed between GI and both RDS and RAG. The measurement of RAG in vitro provides values for direct calculation of the amount of glucose likely to be rapidly absorbed in the human small intestine and, thus, to influence blood glucose and insulin levels. These values can be used to compare foods, as eaten, on an equal-weight basis. Food-table RAG values would allow simple calculation of the total amount of RAG provided by single foods, by whole meals and by whole diets. Studies are planned in which RAG and the glycaemic response in man will be measured for identical food products.
Iterated codes with improved performance (Corresp.) (1978)

Improvements on the rates of iterated codes for error-free decoding on the binary symmetric channel are presented. Approximations to the performance of Elias's original error-free codes are replaced with virtually exact results that demonstrate higher code rates and the ability to decode from noisier channels than the original results indicated. Prefacing an Elias code with iterations of one or more primitive Bose-Chaudhuri-Hoequenghem (BCH) codes is shown to provide error-free decoding for any channel with <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p \leq 0.42</tex> and to yield code rates closer to capacity than those of Elias's original code. An heuristic algorithm is given for selecting an efficient set of BCH codes to iterate.
Plant translation initiation factors: it is not easy to be green (2004)

Plants have significant differences in some of the 'parts' of the translational machinery. There are two forms of eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4F, eIF3 has two novel subunits, eIF4B is poorly conserved, and eIF2 kinases and eIF4E binding proteins (4E-BP) are yet to be discovered. These differences suggest that plants may regulate their translation in unique ways.
ESEO spacecraft: FMEA (Failure Mode and Effects Analysis) and FDIR (Fault Detection Isolation and Recovery) (2016)

The purpose of the present doctoral activities concern the reliability of electronic systems and their fault tolerance. The main field of application whose is addressed this research is the aerospace industry, in particular it has been developed around the E.S.E.O. (European Student Earth Orbiter) spacecraft/mission. The implementation of COTS (Components Off The Shell) electronic components, military industrial grade, ensured a considerable saving in terms of costs with minimal impact on the final performance of the system. In order to reach the objective: the mission success (operative spacecraft for at least six months), it has been performed an FMEA analysis at system and subsystem level and a full test campaign useful to define and develop the hierarchical and distributed FDIR strategy here exposed.
Determination of Unsaturation in Butyl Rubber (1945)

Abstract In a recent publication on unsaturation in Butyl rubber it was pointed out that, of the various methods that had been examined, ozone degradation at the double bonds appears to give the most reliable unsaturation data, the values based on the limiting viscosity of the degraded polymer being in reasonably good agreement with those determined by end-group analyses. This paper describes in some detail the analytical method, together with certain modifications that have been introduced with the aim of facilitating routine work. It was recognized that the earlier procedure had the disadvantage of being too time-consuming, owing mainly to the steps in which the degraded polymer solution is evaporated to dryness, and the residue redissolved in diisobutylene before the viscosity measurement. An obvious possible improvement was to develop a procedure whereby the polymer solution could be ozonized and the viscosity of the degraded solution determined directly, thus eliminating evaporation and transfer to a second solvent. It was first necessary, however, to perform the experiments described below; their significance will be explained in the sequel. A further simplification was introduced through the use of carbon tetrachloride of ordinary reagent grade instead of the highly purified solvent. While this substitution usually leads to viscosity-time curves displaying a small negative slope in the region where the purified solvent gives unchanged viscosity values, a simple extrapolation to zero time gives viscosity data that are satisfactory within the limits inherent in the method. In view of the practical requirements of the method and the magnitude of the experimental error, the extra time and effort involved in further purification of the solvent appear to be unwarranted.
Organic Acids as potential Alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters for pigs (2005)

In the context of phasing-out antibiotics for growth promotion and prophylactics against enteric diseases in pigs within the EU, a particular interest is now paid to the antimicrobial potency of various carboxylic acids, and of short chain fatty acids (SCFA), in particular. Their addition generally lowers the pH and buffering capacity of the diet, increases gastrointestinal acidity, proteolysis and nutrient digestibility, promotes beneficial bacteria at the expense of pathogens and modulates numerous physiological processes after absorption. Four major benefits can be expected: • improved health and resistance to disease; • faster growth; • increased efficiency of diet utilisation; • better carcass quality. Also, secondary effects may be achieved with supplemental SCFA, i.e., less volatilised ammonia (“acidic rains”) and pollutants (N and P). This paper outlines some physicochemical features and mode of action of SCFA and their salts, which are commonly available for pig producers. Also, some nutritional, bacteriological and physiological responses to graded doses and sources of SCFA during post-weaning, growing-finishing and reproductive cycles of pigs are examined.
State-feedback-with-integral control plus repetitive control for UPS inverters (2005)

A new control scheme featuring a combination of state-feedback-with-integral control and repetitive control is proposed for UPS inverters. A state observer is also embedded to predict output voltage and capacitor current needed by the state-feedback controller, based on the sensed values of output voltage and load current. The system exhibits high-dynamic response and near-perfect output voltage waveform.