gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. A literature review. (2001)

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) occurs as a primary or secondary syndrome and has various manifestations, including arterial and venous thrombosis, thrombocytopenia, fetal loss, livedo reticularis, and cardiac and neurological sequelae. APS is linked with autoantibodies that were originally thought to have specificity for negatively charged phospholipids. Recent data suggest specificity for different phospholipid-binding plasma proteins, including 2-glycoprotein I, prothrombin, protein C, and protein S. The most well-known antiphospholipid antibodies are lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibody. These antibodies are detected through lupus anticoagulant assays, anticardiolipin assays, and certain serologic tests for syphilis. This article describes 2 cases encountered in our clinical work and reviews the literature on APS.
On the tandem duplication-random loss model of genome rearrangement (2006)

We initiate the algorithmic study of a new model of genome rearrangement, the tandem duplication-random loss model, in which a genome evolves via successive rounds of tandem duplication of a contiguous segment of genes, followed by the loss of one copy of each of the duplicated genes. This model is well-known in the evolutionary biology literature, where it has been used to explain many of the known rearrangements in vertebrate mitochondrial genomes. Based on the model, we formalize a notion of distance between two genomes and show how to compute it efficiently for two interesting regions of the parameter space. We then consider median problems (i.e. finding the point which minimizes the sum of distances to a given set of points under some distance function) in the context of maximum parsimony phylogenetic reconstruction for these two special cases. Surprisingly, one of them turns out to correspond to the well-known rank aggregation problem, while the other corresponds to the biologically interesting case of whole genome duplication and loss, and we give an O(log log n) additive approximation algorithm for the latter.
Traçabilité dans la filière viande. I. La traçabilité administrative. (2001)

peer reviewed
High heat load performance of an inclined crystal monochromator with liquid gallium cooling on the CHESS-ANL undulator (1991)

Results for the performance of a novel double crystal monochromator subjected to high heat loads from an APS prototype undulator at the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS) are presented. The monochromator was designed to achieve symmetric diffraction from asymmetric planes to spread out the beam footprint thereby lowering the incident power density. Both crystals had (111) oriented surfaces and were arranged such that the beam was diffracted from the (11{bar 1}) planes at 5 KeV. Rocking curves with minimal distortion were obtained at a ring electron current of 96 mA. This corresponded to 370 Watts total power and an peak power density of 48 Watts/mm{sup 2} normal to the incident beam. These results are compared to data obtained from the same crystals in the standard geometry (diffracting planes parallel to surface). The footprint area in the inclined case was three times that of the standard case. We also obtained rocking curve data for the {l_brace}333{r_brace} reflection at 15 KeV for both standard and inclined cases, and these data also showed a minimal distortion for the inclined case. In addition, thermal data were obtained via infrared pyrometry. Not only the diffraction data but also the thermal data revealed a dramatically improved performance for the inclined crystal case.
Patient-reported impact of symptoms in myotonic dystrophy type 1 (PRISM-1) (2012)

There are a wide range of symptoms that significantly affect the lives of patients with DM1. These symptoms, some previously underrecognized, have varying levels of importance in the DM1 population and are nonlinearly dependent on patient age and CTG repeat length.
An EXAFS study of the formation of a nanoporous metal–organic framework: evidence for the retention of secondary building units during synthesis (2006)

EXAFS data measured from amorphous intermediates and crystallisation solutions provides the first evidence that trimeric iron oxide secondary building units remain intact during crystallisation of the metal–organic framework MIL-89 from starting materials to products.
ChemInform Abstract: COMPOSITION OF ELEMENTAL SULFUR IN SOLUTION: EQUILIBRIUM OF S6, S7 AND S8 AT AMBIENT TEMPERATURES (1982)

Abstract Durch Hochdruck‐Flüssigkeits‐Chromatographie wurde festgestellt, daß S8 bei Auflösung in polaren Lösungsmitteln (Methanol oder Acetonitril) teilweise (N 1%) in die kleineren Ringe S6 und S7 umgewandelt wird.
WETTING POWER IN SODIUM-SOAP—MINERAL-OIL SYSTEMS (1943)

Measurement of the contact angle of various mineral oils on surfaces of sodium soaps showed no appreciable variation with oils of varying polarity. Low V.I. oils show a lower interfacial tension against water, and greater emulsion stability. Mineral oils possess high spreading power on soap surfaces previously wet with glycerol. As a result, mineral oils are rapidly absorbed by a soap-glycerol gel, and at the same time the glycerol is displaced and forced out of the gel. Data are shown for some quantitative measurements of this preferential wetting action, various oils and elevated temperatures being used. These experiments are extended to sodium soap base lubricating greases, and the presence of free glycerol is demonstrated in such systems where fats were used in the manufacture of the grease.
Precursors of impregnation (2003)

The progression of a liquid inside a porous medium often involves two macroscopic fronts: a main one, at the bottom, which saturates the medium; and a much thinner one, ahead, which propagates using the fine structures of the porous material. We discuss here different characteristics of this precursor. We show in particular how it can move faster than the main front, although it follows confined paths. We also describe its dynamics, and compare our results with different experimental situations.
Plasma adriamycin levels during remission induction therapy: RIA versus HPLC. (1986)

Plasma concentrations of adriamycin and adriamycinol were measured in patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia during remission induction therapy with araC adriamycin and cytosine arabinoside. Blood samples were analyzed at 10 min, 1, 3, 6 and 24 hrs after the end of the first, second and third daily injection of adriamycin, using high pressure liquid chromatography and a commercially available radioimmuno assay. Overall, 65 samples were compared, with the correlation coefficient r = 0.765-0.920 for the different time points. The combined correlation coefficient for 57 samples was 0.853. These correlations were significant at the p = 0.005 level.
PHLPP Phosphatase Regulation of EGFR Expression (2010)

The PH domain leucine‐rich repeat protein phosphatase (PHLPP) opposes growth factor‐dependent signaling by specifically dephosphorylating Akt and protein kinase C on a key regulatory site, the hydrophobic phosphorylation motif. Here we show that PHLPP also suppresses the amplitude of the Ras/ERK pathway by a distinct mechanism which controls the cellular levels of EGF receptor (EGFR). Depletion of PHLPP1 or PHLPP2 in normal or cancer cell lines results in dramatically enhanced EGF‐mediated activation of Ras, MEK and ERK. The increased amplitude of ERK pathway signaling correlates with a robust increase in signaling‐competent EGFR protein levels. Live‐cell imaging of EGFR kinase activity using a genetically‐encoded FRET reporter reveals that depletion of PHLPP isoforms results in a dramatic increase in EGF‐stimulated EGFR kinase activity. QPCR analysis reveals that EGF receptor mRNA levels are an order of magnitude higher in MEFs lacking PHLPP1 compared to wild‐type MEFs. Thus, PHLPP isoforms control the levels of signaling –competent EGFR by decreasing mRNA levels of the receptor. The finding that PHLPP isoforms control EGF receptor levels establish these phosphatases as key regulators of two critical oncogenic pathways, both the PI3K pathway via effects on Akt and, more globally, growth factor signaling by effects on levels of signaling‐competent receptor.
Optical analysis of miniature lenses with curved imaging surfaces (2015)

Miniature cameras for consumer electronics and mobile phones have been, and continue to be, in fast development. The system level requirements, such as manufacturing cost, packaging, and sensor characteristics, impose unique challenges for optical designers. In this paper, we discuss the potential optical benefits of having a curved image surface rather than a flat one. We show that curved sensor technology allows for optically faster lens solutions. We discuss trade-offs of several relevant characteristics, such as packaging, chief ray angle, image quality, and tolerance sensitivity. A comparison of a benchmark flat field lens, and an evaluation design imaging on a curved surface and working at f/1.6, provides useful specific insights. For a given image quality, departing from a flat imaging surface does not allow significantly reducing the total length of a lens.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Diversity by Mixing Chalcogen Atoms in the Chalcophosphate System K/In/P/Q (Q: S, Se). (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Antimicrobiële resistentie: een vlag die vele ladingen dekt (2012)

Antibiotica chemotherapeutica met een antibacteriële werking zijn niet meer weg te denken uit de veterinaire geneeskunde. De opkomst van antimicrobiële resistentie vormt een bedreiging voor de gezondheid van zowel mens als dier en het voortbestaan van de dierlijke voedselproductie zoals wij die vandaag kennen. In dit overzicht worden enkele basistermen en begrippen met betrekking tot antimicrobiële resistentie toegelicht. Bovendien wordt er een samenvatting gegeven van de manier waarop resistentie kan worden bepaald en hoe de resultaten van gevoeligheidstesten dienen te worden geïnterpreteerd.
Automated and domain knowledge-based brain extraction from CT head scans (2009)

A fully automated approach is presented to extract brain efficiently from computed tomography (CT) head scans. Domain knowledge, including Hounsfield unit ranges, brain anatomy and image acquisition parameters, is applied. Regions of interest are first set in each slice by applying thresholding and region growing. Next, the brain candidates are extracted by using three-dimensional region growing with a variable, anatomy and acquisition-dependent structuring element. The proposed method has been applied automatically to 27 normal and pathological CT scans. The average processing time is four seconds for CT scans with 17-47 slices on a standard personal computer and the average sensitivity, specificity and Dice's index for five cases are 99.6%, 99.4% and 98.7%, respectively.
An Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Loperamide Hydrochloride–Glutaric Acid Cocrystals B (2013)

Cocrystallization is a powerful method to improve the physicochemical properties of drugs. Loperamide hydrochloride is a topical analgesic for the gastrointestinal tract showing low and pH-dependent solubility; for this reason, an enhancement of its solubility or dissolution rate, particularly at the pH of the intestinal tract, could improve its local efficacy. Here we prepared cocrystals of this active principle with glutaric acid and so obtained a new crystalline solid representing a viable alternative to improve the physicochemical properties and thus the pharmaceutical behavior of the drug. Differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier infrared spectroscopy, solid-state NMR, and scanning electron microscopy coupled to the energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry were used to investigate the new solid-phase formation. DFT calculations at B3LYP/6-31G(d) level of theory, in the gas phase, including frequencies computation, provided a rationale for the interaction between loperamide hydrochloride and glutaric acid. The cocrystals showed improved water solubility in comparison with loperamide HCl, and the pharmaceutical formulation proposed was able to release the drug more rapidly in comparison with three reference commercial products when tested at neutral pH values.
Underwater noise due to precipitation (1989)

In 1959, G. Franz published a thorough investigation of the underwater sound produced by liquid drop impacts [G. Franz, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 31, 1080 (1959)]. He discovered that, under certain conditions, a gas bubble was entrained by the impacting droplet, and the subsequent oscillation of this bubble resulted in a large amount of radiated sound. Recently, Scrimger has measured the underwater sound produced by rainfall and has discovered that a well-defined spectral peak exists near 15 kHz [J. A. Scrimger, Nature 318, 647 (1985)]. The sound produced by the impact of water droplets on a water surface, both for individual and for multiple events such as those produced by artificial and natural rainfall, has been examined. The studies indicate that the major contribution to the underwater noise produced by both rain and snow is that associated with the oscillations of gas bubbles introduced into the water by the impact. Both experimental and theoretical evidence for these conclusions will be presented, including numerical studies of the drop impact process. [Work supported by the ONR.]
Normal Modes in an Overmoded Circular Waveguide Coated with Lossy Material (1986)

The normal modes in an overmoded waveguide coated with a Iossy material are analyzed, particularly for their attenuation properties as a function of coating material, layer thickness, and frequency, When the coating material is not too Iossy, the low-order modes are highly attenuated even with a thin layer of coating. This coated guide serves as a mode suppressor of the low-order modes, which can be particularly useful for reducing the radar cross section (RCS) of a cavity structure such as a jet engine inlet. When the coating material is very Iossy, low-order modes fall into two distinct groups highly and lowly attenuated modes. However, as a/lambda (a = radius of the cylinder; lambda = the free-space wavelength) increases, the separation between these two groups becomes less distinctive. The attenuation constants of most of the low-order modes become small and decrease as a function of lambda/sup 2//a/sup 3/.
A high power 2-18 GHz T/R switch (2002)

A high-power 2-18-GHz T/R (transmit/receive) switch monolithic microwave IC (MMIC) has been developed for use in broadband T/R modules. This switch has a power handling of better than 35 dBm (3.2 W), 8-dB higher than any previously reported broadband switch. A combination of techniques was used to yield higher power handling while preserving low loss and high isolation. These circuit techniques include an asymmetrical design of the transmit and receive arms, the use of dual-gate FETs for handling large voltages, and the use of large FET peripheries for handling large currents. The use of dual-gate FETs in place of a stack of individual FETs reduces the device area, with a resulting reduction in parasitic series inductance through the FET and in shunt capacitance from the FET to ground. Power handling is somewhat lower for the dual-gate FET than for conventional stacked FETs, since RF voltage cannot be distributed as uniformly across the gates. Offstate capacitance is higher for a dual-gate FET than for a stacked FET, since the close proximity of the elements leads to additional parasitic capacitances.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Dietary protein paradox: decrease of amino acid availability induced by high-protein diets (1993)

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of changes in dietary protein level on overall availability of amino acids for tissues. For this purpose, rats were adapted to diets containing various concentrations of casein (7.5, 15, 30, and 60%) and were sampled either during the postprandial or postabsorptive period. In rats fed the protein-deficient diet, glucogenic amino acids (except threonine) tended to accumulate in plasma, liver, and muscles. In rats fed high-protein diets, the hepatic balance of glucogenic amino acids was markedly enhanced and their liver concentrations were consistently depressed. This response was the result of a marked induction of amino acid catabolism (a 45-fold increase of liver threonine-serine dehydratase activity was observed with the 60% casein diet). The muscle concentrations of threonine, serine, and glycine underwent changes parallel to plasma and liver concentrations, and a significant reduction of glutamine was observed. During the postabsorptive period, adaptation to high-protein diets resulted in a sustained catabolism of most glucogenic amino acids, which accentuated the drop in their concentrations (especially threonine) in all the compartments studied. The time course of metabolic adaptation from a 60 to a 15% casein diet has also been investigated. Adaptation of alanine and glutamine metabolism was rapid, whereas that of threonine, serine, and glycine was delayed and required 7-11 days. This was paralleled by a relatively slow decay of liver threonine-serine dehydratase (T-SDH) activity in contrast to the rapid adaptation of pyruvate kinase activity after refeeding a high-carbohydrate diet.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Electron-spin single-photon interface in a quantum dot (2010)

Using resonance fluorescence from a single-electron charged quantum dot with 0.1% collection efficiency, we realize a single spin-photon interface where the detection of a scattered photon projects the electron spin to a definite spin eigenstate. [1].
GLUCOSINOLATE CONTENT OF MATURING PODS AND SEEDS OF HIGH AND LOW GLUCOSINOLATE SUMMER RAPE (1989)

3-Butenyl-, 4-pentenyl-, 2-hydroxy-3-butenyl- and 4-hydroxy-3-indolylmethylglucosinolate were found to be major glucosinolates in developing pod tissue and seed of both high and low glucosinolate lines of rapeseed. These glucosinolate profiles along with decreases in the glucosinolate content of pod tissue over a period of 18 d after pollination, and increases in the seed, were consistent with the pod tissue being a source of glucosinolate accumulating in the seed.Key words: Rapeseed, Brassica napus L., Cruciferae, glucosinolate, seed development
Operational use of SSM/I ice concentration in the initialization of a coupled ice-ocean model (2005)

The Polar Ice Prediction System (PIPS), the Regional Polar Ice Prediction System - Barents (RPIPS-B) and the Regional Polar Ice Prediction System Greenland Sea (RPIPS-G) are all operational sea ice forecasting systems which have been run daily at the Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center (FNMOC) since September 1987, June 1989 and October 1991, respectively. The basis for all three models is the Hibler ice model. The Hibler ice model calculates ice drift, ice thickness, ice concentration, ice edge and the growth/decay of ice based on both dynamic and thermodynamic effects. The Polar Ice Prediction System 2.0 (PIPS2.O), a new version of PIPS, is presently undergoing its final test phase. PIPS2.0 has been modified into a spherical coordinate version of PIPS and coupled with an ocean model (Cox, 1984). Daily atmospheric fields from the Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System (NOGAPS) are used to produce a 24-hour forecast. PIPS forecasts over the entire Arctic basin, the Barents Sea and the Greenland/Norwegian Sea using a grid resolution of 127 km. RPIPS-B, a higher resolution version of PIPS, forecasts over the Barents Sea and the western part of the Kara Sea using a grid resolution of 2.5 km. RPIPS-G, another higher resolution version of PIPS, forecasts over the region adjacent to the Fast Greenland coast using a grid resolution of 20 km. PIPS2.0 forecasts over most of the ice-covered regions in the northern hemisphere using a variable grid resolution ranging from 17 to 33 km at the North Pole. By the end of 1994, PIPS2.0 will replace all the existing operational forecast sytems at FNMOC.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Very low bit rate wavelet-based scalable video compression (2002)

Rate scalable video compression is appealing for low bit rate applications, such as video telephony and wireless communication, where bandwidth available to an application cannot be guaranteed. A technique known as scalable adaptive motion compensated wavelet (SAMCoW) compression is described. SAMCoW is well suited for data rates less than 32 kbps. Several techniques to improve the subjective picture quality of SAMCoW are investigated. These include the use of B frames, half-pixel accuracy, and unrestricted motion vectors.
The significance of blood pressure variation and metabolic risk factors in patients with different stages of hypertension (2017)

Objectives Blood pressure variation (BPV) and metabolic syndrome is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events. Ambulatory blood Pressure (ABP) has been shown to be more closely related to cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients than conventional office BP (OBP). Using both OBP and ABP, 4 groups of patients were identified: (1) normotensive patients (NT); (2) white coat hypertensives (WCHT); (3) masked hypertensives (MHT); and (4) sustainedhypertensives (SHT). We investigated the significance of BPV and metabolic risks of these 4 groups. Methods This study is a retrospective analysis of patients between January 2008 and May 2013. Echocardiography and 24 hour ABP monitoring were performed. Results BMI was significantly higher in the MHT compared with the NT. There were progressive increases in fasting glucose level from NT to WCHT, MHT, and SHT.MHT and SHT had higher 24h and nighttime BPV than NT.MHT was significantly related with BMI (r = 0.139, P = 0.010), creatinine (r = 0.144, P = 0.018), fasting glucose (r = 0.128, P = 0.046), daytime systolic BPV (r = 0.130, P = 0.017), and daytime diastolic BPV (r = 0.130, P = 0.017). Dyslipidemia (r = 0.110, P = 0.043), nighttime systolic BPV (r = 0.241, P &lt; 0.001) and nighttime diastolic BPV (r = 0.143, P = 0.009) shown correlation with SHT. In multivariate logistic regression, MHT was independently associated with Body mass index (OR 1.086, 95% CI 1.005–1.174, P = 0.038) and creatinine (OR 1.005, 95% CI 1.001–1.010, P = 0.045). Conclusions BPV and metabolic risk factors were found to be greater in MHT and SHT compared with NT and WCHT. This suggests that BPV and metabolic risks may contribute to the elevated cardiovascular risk observed in patients with MHT and SHT.
The Effect of Aging of Population on General Health Problems (1953)

HEART disease occurs in some form and degree in the majority of aging men and women (Table 6). Many of the greatest advances in internal medicine in recent times have been made in this whole area, and though heart disease remains the leading cause of death, enormous improvements have been made in lessened disability and longer life expectancy. Only a few points need to be emphasized here. Most important is the fact that old people with heart disease are not constantly in danger or disabled by it. Heart failure and coronary-artery occlusion are serious; they may be fatal, but if . . .
Characteristics of InAsP/InGaAsP edge emitting laserdiodes obtained by localisedfusion on GaAs substrates (1997)

Chemical beam epitaxy (CBE) grown InAsP/InGaAsP edge-emitting laser diodes on GaAs substrates obtained by localised fusion in a nitrogen environment exhibit high quality fused interfaces. A degradation of fused lasers is observed which is attributed to the disordering of quantum wells at fusion temperatures induced by point defects incorporated during low temperature growth.