gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Background to the Theory of Arabic Origins (1962)

In the late eighteenth century, Xavier Lampillas asserted that fourteenth-century Italian poets were influenced by the Spanish Arabic poetic style through the Provençal poets. Lampillas was not the first person to make this assertion, but his argument came at a time when the relative merit of Italian and Spanish was widely debated. Although his ideas were eventually discarded due to a lack of evidence, scholars are now revisiting this theory and are slowly beginning to substantiate it.
Evaluation on Phantoms of the Feasibility of a Smart Bra to Detect Breast Cancer in Young Adults (2019)

Breast cancer is the most common cancer observed in women. Although mammography is a recognized method, it remains ionizing and cannot be used routinely or in young adults, leaving up to two years between two diagnoses. Prior to validation on human subjects, this study aims to validate on phantoms the feasibility of quantifying breast density and detecting breast cancer tumors using a smart bra in young women. Six phantoms with various densities and seven phantoms with various volumes of modelized tumor were prepared and measured with a smart bra, including an electrophysiological module. There was a significant difference between the "healthy phantoms" and the "tumor phantoms" with <i>P</i>(Student) = 0.008 (Shapiro-Wilk <i>p</i> = 0.846, samples follow a normal distribution; Fisher variance test, <i>p</i> = 0.287). In addition, this study seems to indicate the possibility of discriminating various types of tumorous and healthy breast tissue using a smart bra, in high density breast. However, a new study on a large sample of human subjects will be required to generate new models, including resistive, capacitive, and other sensor parameters versus reference data collected from imaging.
Teleconferencing on Cases Before the TTAB - OG Date: 20 June 2000 (2009)

Permanent Expansion of Telephone Conferencing on Interlocutory Matters in Inter Partes Cases Before the
CCXXXIII.—Derivatives of phthalonic acid, 4 : 5-dimethoxyphthalonic acid, and 4 : 5-dimethoxy-o-tolylglyoxylic acid (1923)

C. Kuroda and W. H. Perkin, J. Chem. Soc., Trans., 1923, 123, 2094 DOI: 10.1039/CT9232302094
Enzyme-responsive nanomaterials for controlled drug delivery (2014)

Enzymes underpin physiological function and exhibit dysregulation in many disease-associated microenvironments and aberrant cell processes. Exploiting altered enzyme activity and expression for diagnostics, drug targeting, and drug release is tremendously promising. When combined with booming research in nanobiotechnology, enzyme-responsive nanomaterials used for controlled drug release have achieved significant development and have been studied as an important class of drug delivery strategies in nanomedicine. In this review, we describe enzymes such as proteases, phospholipases and oxidoreductases that serve as delivery triggers. Subsequently, we explore recently developed enzyme-responsive nanomaterials with versatile applications for extracellular and intracellular drug delivery. We conclude by discussing future opportunities and challenges in this area.
Needle-like Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Anchored on the Graphene with Enhanced Electrochemical Performance for Aqueous Supercapacitors (2014)

We synthesized the needle-like cobalt oxide/graphene composites with different mass ratios, which are composed of cobalt oxide (Co3O4 or CoO) needle homogeneously anchored on graphene nanosheets as the template, by a facile hydrothermal method. Without the graphene as the template, the cobalt precursor tends to group into urchin-like spheres formed by many fine needles. When used as electrode materials of aqueous supercapacitor, the composites of the needle-like Co3O4/graphene (the mass ratio of graphene oxide(GO) and Co(NO3)2·6H2O is 1:5) exhibit a high specific capacitance of 157.7 F g(-1) at a current density of 0.1 A g(-1) in 2 mol L(-1) KOH aqueous solution as well as good rate capability. Meanwhile, the capacitance retention keeps about 70% of the initial value after 4000 cycles at a current density of 0.2 A g(-1). The enhancement of excellent electrochemical performances may be attributed to the synergistic effect of graphene and cobalt oxide components in the unique multiscale structure of the composites.
Optimizing a Deepwater Subsalt Drilling Program by Evaluating Anisotropic Rock Strength Effects on Wellbore Stability and Near-Wellbore Stress Effects on the Fracture Gradient (2006)

Abstract An understanding of geomechanics can save millions of dollars in drilling costs by reducing the likelihood of poor borehole conditions, stuck pipe and lost circulation. Basic wellbore stability modeling has been successful in the past, but may prove inadequate in some cases because the mechanism of borehole failure and characterization of fracturing is not sufficiently addressed. In these cases, a more complex geomechanical model is required. We describe an example where a complex geomechanical model was applied to address anisotropic wellbore failure due to weakly bedded rocks, and lost circulation due to equivalent annular mud weights in excess of near and far field stresses. This same model was then used to predict mud weights that should mitigate problems in future wellbores.
Enhanced Microchip Electrophoresis of Neurotransmitters on Glucose Oxidase Modified Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Microfluidic Devices (2007)

Abstract In this paper, glucose oxidase (GOx) was employed to construct a functional film on the poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microfluidic channel surface and apply to perform electrophoresis coupled with in‐channel electrochemical detection. The film was formed by sequentially immobilizing poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) and GOx to the microfluidic channel surface via layer‐by‐layer (LBL) assembly. A group of neurotransmitters (5‐hydroxytryptamine, 5‐HT; dopamine, DA; epinephrine, EP; dobuamine, DBA) as a group of separation model was used to evaluate the effect of the functional PDMS microfluidic devices. Electroosmotic flow (EOF) in the modified PDMS microchannel was well suppressed compared with that in the native one. Experimental conditions were optimized in detail. As expected, these analytes were efficiently separated within 110 s in a 3.7 cm long separation channel and successfully detected at a single carbon fiber electrode. Good performances were attributed to the decreased EOF and the interactions of analytes with the immobilized GOx on the PDMS surface. The theoretical plate numbers were 2.19×10 5 , 1.89×10 5 , 1.76×10 5 , and 1.51×10 5 N/m at the separation voltage of 1000 V with the detection limits of 1.6, 2.0, 2.5 and 6.8 μM ( S / N =3) for DA, 5‐HT, EP and DBA, respectively. In addition, the modified PDMS channels had long‐term stability and excellent reproducibility.
Low complexity RDO mode decision based on a fast coding-bits estimation model for H.264/AVC (2005)

Rate distortion optimization (RDO) is a very efficient tool for deciding a macroblock's coding mode, which has been adopted by the H.264/AVC codec and brings higher coding efficiency. However, due to the precise calculation of the current macroblock's distortion and coding-bits for each coding mode, RDO-based mode decision involves high computational complexity. In this paper, a simple model for quickly estimating the coding-bits of the quantized transform coefficients, which account for the major part of the computation when coding a macroblock, is presented. The model only uses nonzero coefficients' magnitude and coordinates information by add operations to fulfill estimation so that computational complexity can be significantly reduced. Experimental results show that with this model the computational complexity of RDO-based mode decision in the H.264/AVC codec can be reduced by 40-60% while coding efficiency has little drop.
Generalized equations for predicting body density of men (1978)

1. Skinfold thickness, body circumferences and body density were measured in samples of 308 and ninety-five adult men ranging in age from 18 to 61 years. 2. Using the sample of 308 men, multiple regression equations were calculated to estimate body density using either the quadratic or log form of the sum of skinfolds, in combination with age, waist and forearm circumference. 3. The multiple correlations for the equations exceeded 0.90 with standard errors of approximately +/-0.0073 g/ml. 4. The regression equations were cross validated on the second sample of ninety-five men. The correlations between predicted and laboratory-determined body density exceeded 0.90 with standard errors of approximately 0.0077 g/ml. 5. The regression equations were shown to be valid for adult men varying in age and fatness.
High-meat diets and cancer risk (1999)

Up to 80% of breast, bowel and prostate cancers are attributed to dietary practices, and international comparisons show strong positive associations with meat consumption. Estimates of relative risk obtained from cohort investigations are in the same direction, although generally weak, and red and processed meats rather than white meat seem to be associated with elevated risk of colon cancer. In breast cancer, there are consistent associations with total meat intake and there is evidence of a dose response. Despite these associations with meat, existing studies suggest that vegetarians do not have reduced risk of breast, bowel or prostate cancer, but there are no quantitative estimates of amounts of meat consumed by meat eaters in these cohort studies. Possible mechanisms underlying epidemiological associations include the formation of heterocyclic amines in meat when it is cooked. These heterocyclic amines require acetylation by P450 enzymes, and individuals with the fast-acetylating genotype who eat high amounts of meat may be at increased risk of large-bowel cancer. NH3 and N-nitroso compounds (NOC) formed from residues by bacteria in the large bowel and probably also important. NH3 is a promotor of large-bowel tumours chemically induced by NOC, and some of the chromosomal mutations found in human colo-rectal cancer are consistent with effects of NOC and heterocyclic amines. However, the type, amount, and cooking method of meat or protein associated with increased risk are not certain. The effects of high levels of meat on NH3 and NOC output are not reduced by increasing the amount of fermentable carbohydrate in the diet, but interaction between meat, NSP and vegetable intakes on the risk of cancer has not been studied comprehensively. The interaction between dietary low-penetrance genetic polymorphic and somatic mutation factors has also been investigated to a limited extent. Current Department of Health (1998) recommendations are that meat consumption should not rise, and that consumers at the top end of the distribution should consider a reduction in intakes.
Treatment of Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) from Coal Mines in South Brazil (2009)

The Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) from an extinct coal mine was treated by the lamellar settler (LS) and the treated water was characterized for its quality in terms of inorganic or organic elements, suspended and dissolved solids, among others, to determine its usability for recycling. After neutralization of the AMD, flocs were formed using an anionic polymer flocculant in a specially designed flocculation reactor, patented by this research group (FGR®). The flocs settled at a rate of 5–6 m/h. The process showed a high efficiency (> 90%) in removal of ions, low power requirement, and process simplicity. Operating costs for the AMD treatment at pH 9 was estimated to be about $0.3/m3. The treated water was nearly free of heavy metals ions, low BOD and TOC, low solids content and no fecal coli forms, making it useable for irrigation, and other purposes.
An Investigation of Thermal Performance of Heat Pipe Using Di-water (2012)

Heat pipes are two-phase heat transfer devices with high effective thermal conductivity. The performance of the heat pipe is greatly depends on the filling ratio of the working fluid. An experimental set up was made from a copper tube with an inner diameter of 20.8 mm and outer diameter 22 mm. The Di-water is used as a working fluid. The temperatures at different places on the heat pipe were measured including the temperature of inlet and outlet of the cooling water. The results indicate that the variation of filling ratio, heat input and angle of inclination has a significant effect on its performance.
Adrenal morphology and associated comorbidities in congenital adrenal hyperplasia (2019)

Adrenocortical hyperplasia is associated with a number of comorbidities, especially hypogonadism. Aldosterone production associated with adrenal enlargement may play a role in the development of metabolic risk factors. Further studies are needed to assess the long-term impact of the excess adrenal steroid milieu associated with adrenal enlargement to develop improved management strategies for CAH.
NORA: a racefree dynamic CMOS technique for pipelined logic structures (1983)

Describes a new dynamic CMOS technique which is fully racefree, yet has high logic flexibility. The circuits operate racefree from two clocks /spl phi/ and /spl phi/~ regardless of their overlap time. In contrast to the critical clock skew specification in the conventional CMOS pipelined circuits, the proposed technique imposes no restriction to the amount of clock skew. The main building blocks of the NORA technique are dynamic CMOS and C/SUP 2/MOS logic functions. Static CMOS functions can also be employed. Logic composition rules to mix dynamic CMOS, C/SUP 2/MOS, and conventional CMOS will be presented. Different from Domino technique, logic inversion is also provided. This means higher logic flexibility and less transistors for the same function. The effects of charge redistribution, noise margin, and leakage in the dynamic CMOS blocks are also analyzed. Experimental results show the feasibility of the principles discussed.
An exact approach for evaluating the benefits from technological change (1992)

It is commonly believed that taxing agricultural commodities in developing countries, and subsidizing agricultural commodities in industrial countries, reduces incentives in the developing countries for both current production and longer-term investments in capital, knowledge, technology, and infrastructure. It is argued that distortions in agricultural markets have kept investments in research and development, and productivity rates low in agriculture in developing countries. Martin and Alston lay the theoretical foundation for empirical studies of how such distortions affect returns to agricultural research and development in developing countries. Earlier studies of the benefits from technological change have typically used partial equilibrium models with Marshallian welfare measures. Such models have not allowed for a general set of market distortions and market interactions. Techniques recently developed for evaluating welfare in the context of general equilibrium models better measure the implications of trade distorting policies. Martin and Alston describe how to harness these approaches to evaluate the benefits and costs of technological changes. They show that a modified trade expenditure function can be used to measure welfare changes exactly, with a model consistent with the optimizing behavior of both producers and consumers. They do so in a general setting that allows for multiple market distortions and multiple paths of general equilibrium feedback. They illustrate this approach using a quadratic form for a profit function that is a component of the trade expenditure function. They spell out, in principle, how to apply this approach with minimal requirements for additional information, using the results from a computable general equilibrium model. They provide a diagram to illustrate the application of the technique.
Vacina de DNA utilizando genes sintéticos derivados do peptídeo SBm7462 contra o carrapato Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus e avaliação da resposta imune em camundongos Balb/c (2008)

The Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus is one of the most important arthropods in veterinary medicine due economic losses and health problems caused in cattle production, mainly in Central and South America, as well as in Australia. As an alternative to chemical control, immunization of bovines with Bm86 antigen to induce a protective immune response. A synthetic peptide, SBm 7462, derived from Bm86, has been shown great results in control of ticks. The construction and synthesis of one nucleotide sequence based on this peptide might be useful for design a DNA vaccine that has many advances than peptide vaccine. A gene, called seq1, was constructed with a three repetition of nucleotide sequence of SBm 7462. It was cloned into a pCIneo vector expression in mammals, transfected in VERO cells and injected in BALB/c mouse. Two methods were used to analysis of peptide expression in vitro: DOT ELISA and PAP. In both, the results showed that the nucleotide sequence (seq1) had not been express in VERO cells. In vivo, when mice were inoculated with the expression cassette they did not response in ELISA. They elevated antibody titles only when vaccinated with the syntetic peptide SBm 7462. And, the best titles of immunoglobulins were seen when the SBm 7462 was administered subcutaneously. After that, we insert a mutation at the begging of seq1, but, the sequenciament demonstrated that any initiation codon (ATG) had been inserted.
Object-based image similarity computation using inductive learning of contour-segment relations (2000)

This paper describes an efficient and effective image similarity calculation method for object-based image comparison at the level of object classes. It uses probabilistic-prediction voting based on the predicted class distribution of each segment of the contour of an object in an image to determine the class of the object. The C4.5 inductive learning algorithm is used to predict the class distribution of object-contour segments. This method is invariant to rotation, scaling and translation of objects. Experimental results show that the method is effective and efficient. It can be used for object-based image retrieval.
<title>Proximity Effect Correction In Vector-Scan Electron-Beam Lithography</title> (1978)

The proximity effect in electron-beam lithography describes enhanced resist exposure due to electron scattering in the resist and backscattering from the substrate. Since good edge definition requires high resist contrast, the proximity effect can substantially alter developed pattern shapes and fidelities. This effect increases as pattern sizes decrease and becomes rather severe for submicrometer geometries. We have explored methods of compensating for the proximity effect in submicrometer patterns exposed on a vector-scan exposure system. This paper discusses two approaches which can be utilized to process figure specifications prior to exposure time to compensate for the proximity effect. We also show how these approaches fit into an overall program of pattern specification and exposure.
Innate immunity and pulmonary host defense (2000)

The lung, in order to facilitate gas exchange, represents the largest epithelial surface area of the body in contact with the external environment. As normal respiration occurs, the upper and lower airways are repeatedly exposed to a multitude of airborne particles and microorganisms. Since these agents are frequently deposited on the surface of the respiratory tract, an elaborate system of defense mechanisms is in place to maintain the sterility of the lung. Innate defenses are primarily responsible for the elimination of bacterial organisms from the alveolus. Early bacterial clearance is mediated by a dual phagocytic system involving both alveolar macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells at a site of infection involves the orchestrated expression of leukocyte and vascular adhesion molecules, as well as the establishment of chemotactic gradients via the generation of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Immunologic manipulation of innate immunity may serve as an important adjuvant therapy in the treatment of both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients with severe lung infections. As the complexities of the host-pathogen interaction are further dissected and elucidated, it is likely that the therapeutic benefits from these approaches will be realized.
Doppler shift spectroscopy of powerful neutral beams (1980)

An optical diagnostic is reported which measures the parameters of an intense hydrogen or deuterium neutral beam by observation of the Doppler shifted Balmer alpha or beta lines emitted by fast atoms in the beam at several locations in the neutralizer. The spectrum of blue shifted and red shifted light emitted along optic axes which lie in planes perpendicular and parallel to the grid rails of the ion source is recorded by an optical multichannel analyzer which is interfaced to a computer. The light is Doppler shifted sufficiently to resolve the three energy components of the beam resulting from the H+, H+2, and H+3 ions accelerated by the ion source. From the Doppler broadening of each peak the beam divergence parallel and perpendicular to the accelerator slots can be measured. A model is presented whereby the energy distribution can be determined from the intensity of each peak. The spectroscopic results for energy distribution are in agreement to within 5% with momentum analysis by a magnetic mass spectrometer.
Los guisos de La Lozana Andaluza: la cazuela mojí (2009)

espanolEl proposito del articulo es acercar al paladar actual uno de los guisos de los que Lozana presume: la cazuela de berenjenas mojies. Para documentarlo se ha acudido a los recetarios de Hernandez de Maceras, Martinez Montino y Ruperto de Nola. Al ser la berenjena uno de los ingredientes fundamentales se anaden algunas referencias literarias en las que se pone de manifiesto como ha despertado el interes de escritores como Quevedo o Baltasar del Alcazar y la relacion entre gastronomia y literatura. EnglishThe purpose of this article is to bring to the palate one of the Lozana´s boasted cooked dishes: the cazuela de berenjenas mojies (stewpot of mojies eggplants). To substantiate it, we have resorted to Hernandez Maceras, Martinez Montino and Ruperto de Nola recipe books. Being the eggplant one of the essential ingredients, some literary references highlighting how the relationship between gastronomy and literature has arisen interest of writers like Quevedo or Baltasar de Alcazar have been added.
Growth hormone is effective in the treatment of severe growth retardation in children with juvenile chronic arthritis. Double blind placebo-controlled followup study. (2004)

We conclude that human recombinant GH may be of benefit in the treatment of severe growth retardation in children with JCA. The response was seen after only 6 months and was independent of initial growth hormone status of the child.
Real-Time Underwater 3D Reconstruction Using Global Context and Active Labeling (2018)

In this work we develop a novel framework that enables the real-time 3D reconstruction of underwater environments using features from 2D sonar images. Due to noisy and low-resolution imagery as compared with standard cameras, automatic feature extractors for sonar images are not reliable in many scenarios. Thus, a human often needs to hand-select features in sonar imagery for environment reconstructions. Given the high data capture rates of standard imaging sonars (on the order of 20Hz), hand-annotating the features in every frame cannot be done in real-time. To address this we use a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) that analyzes incoming imagery in real-time and proposes only a small subset of high-quality frames to the user for feature annotation. We demonstrate that our approach provides real-time reconstruction capability without loss in classification performance on datasets captured onboard our underwater vehicle while operating in a variety of environments.