gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Combining Graph and Machine Learning Methods to Analyze Differences in Functional Connectivity Across Sex (2012)

In this work we combine machine learning methods and graph theoretical analysis to investigate gender associated differences in resting state brain network connectivity. The set of all correlations computed from the fMRI resting state data is used as input features for classification. Two ensemble learning methods are used to perform the detection of the set of discriminative edges between groups (males vs. females) of brain networks: 1) Random Forest and 2) an ensemble method based on least angle shrinkage and selection operator (lasso) regressors. Permutation testing is used not only to assess significance of classification accuracy but also to evaluate significance of feature selection. Finally, these methods are applied to data downloaded from the Connectome Project website. Our results suggest that gender differences in brain function may be related to sexually dimorphic regional connectivity between specific critical nodes via gender-discriminative edges.
Demonstration of a Low-Lift Heat Pump for High-Power Spacecraft Thermal Control (2006)

This paper describes the development and demonstration of a prototype low‐lift heat pump for high‐power spacecraft thermal control The low‐lift heat pump was designed to provide 25 kW of cooling at 303 K and transport this waste heat to a radiator for heat rejection. To accomplish this, a demonstration heat pump with an evaporation temperature of 298 K and a condensing temperature of 301 K was designed and built. HFC‐227ea was the working fluid. This effort resulted in optimization of the centrifugal compressor impeller, diffuser, and shroud designs through extensive experimental testing. The detailed design of a magnetic bearing centrifugal compressor was completed. A prototype heat pump thermal control system was designed and fabricated which contained prototypical cold plate and condenser designs. This prototype system was extensively tested and demonstrated to measure performance parameters such as power consumption, cooling capacity, system size and mass, and other key parameters. Finally, the experimental performance was input into the theoretical trade study allowing for a comparison of the actual performance of the low‐lift heat pump to a single‐phase pumped loop. Inputting the experimental low‐lift heat pump performance into the trade study showed that the low‐lift heat pump still has lower system mass than the single‐phase pumped loop for all space temperatures considered. The experimental results very closely match the theoretical results used in the trade study.
Editors’ page (2018)

[full text of Editorial]This issue of the Journal, devoted largely to a single topic, is an attempt by the Journal to evolve its policies to meet the needs of our readers. Kawasaki disease is conceived to be neglected, in spite of its global burden. The disease has been compared to the equally neglected, but commoner, rheumatic heart disease (RHD), which was recently the focus of a dedicated meeting in Cairo, entitled ‘‘Rheumatic Heart Disease - from Molecules to the Community’’, and resulted in some specific recommendations known as ‘‘the Cairo Accord’’. It is hoped that the current issue, edited by two experts in Kawasaki disease, will stimulate the evolution of concerted efforts to understand and possibly eradicate this important disease. We welcome the views of our readers both in terms of the concept of special issues, as well as topics for future such issues.
Performance Evaluation of Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell with La0.75Sr0.25CuO2.5−δ Cathode (2005)

The strontium doped lanthanum cuprate with tetragonal perovskite structure has been considered a potential cathode material for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs). This study presents work on the performance evaluation of using La0.75Sr0.25CuO2.5−δ (LSCu) as cathode material for IT-SOFC carried out by the Ni-YSZ anode supported single cell. The cell consists of a 600-μm-thick porous Ni/YSZ anode as cell support, a yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) thin film layer (ca. 8 μm) as electrolyte, and a porous LSCu layer as cathode (ca. 40 μm). For the performance testing, the maximum power density at 800°C was 0.65 W/cm2 with 150 and 500 sccm of hydrogen and air flow, respectively. However, the area-specific resistances (ASRs) of the cell were 0.32, 0.75, and 1.21 Ω cm2 at 800, 750, and 700°C, respectively. For further improvement, the ASR will be decreased by LSCu compositional modification and microstructure optimization of the LSCu cathode layer. Electrochemical Society Proceedings Volume 2005–07
Recombinant Human Ligand for MPL, Megakaryocyte Growth and Development Factor (MGDF), Stimulates Thrombopoiesis in Vivo in Normal and Myelosuppressed Baboons (1996)

Megakaryocyte growth and development factor (MGDF) is a ligand for c-mpl and a member of the hematopoietic growth factor superfamily. Recombinant murine MGDF specifically stimulates thrombopoiesis in mice. Recombinant human (rHu) MGDF stimulates megakaryocytic differentiation of baboon CD34+ marrow cells in vitro. Therefore, we determined the in vivo biological effects of rHuMGDF administered to normal baboons in the absence and presence of myelosuppression with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). rHuMGDF was administered to normal baboons as a single s.c. injection at doses of 1, 10, 25 and 50 micrograms/kg/day for 10 days and, as a control, heat-inactivated MGDF was administered at a dose of 10 micrograms/kg/day. Platelet counts were markedly increased in all animals administered native rHuMGDF but not in animals given heat-inactivated rHuMGDF. Platelet counts began to increase between three and six days after starting rHuMGDF administration and the maximum average increases were 1.7-, 3.4-, 5.1- and 4.0-fold above baseline in animals administered 1, 10, 25 and 50 micrograms/kg/day, respectively. Maximum platelet counts were reached between 7 and 10 days after starting rHuMGDF and maintained for four days after the last dose. Thereafter, platelet counts decreased, reaching stable pretreatment values between 11 and 14 days after the last dose of rHuMGDF. No changes in red cell mass, peripheral blood white blood cell counts or differentials were observed during rHuMGDF treatment. For animals administered 10, 25 and 50 micrograms/kg/day of rHuMGDF, megakaryocytes increased more than threefold in marrow, were markedly enlarged, and had increased numbers of lobes. Overall marrow cellularity remained unchanged, as did red cell and white cell morphology. No marrow fibrosis was detected. Progenitor cells were not increased in marrow but did increase modestly in the peripheral blood, associated with increased numbers of CD34+ cells in the circulation. Following a single dose of 5-FU (120 mg/kg) animals were given either saline or pegylated (PEG) rHuMGDF (25 micrograms/kg/day) for 14 days. Platelet counts recovered to baseline by 13.8 +/- 1.8 days for PEG-rHuMGDF-treated baboons compared with 16.8 +/- 0.6 days for saline treated controls. Marrow biopsies revealed more rapid recovery of overall marrow cellularity and megakaryocytes in PEG-rHuMGDF-treated animals compared with controls. Thus, rHuMGDF specifically stimulates thrombopoiesis in normal and myelosuppressed baboons. rHuMGDF may be useful for stimulating thrombopoiesis in humans in clinical settings after myelosuppression.
Microstructure and Texture Evolution in Interstitial-Free (IF) Steel Processed by Multi-Axial Forging (2011)

In this study, severe plastic deformation (SPD) of Ti-bearing interstitial-free steel was carried out by multi-axial forging (MAF) technique. The grain refinement achieved was comparable to that by other SPD techniques. A considerable heterogeneity was observed in the microstructure and texture. Texture of multi-axially forged steels has been evaluated and reported for the first time. The material exhibited a six-fold increase in the yield strength after four cycles of MAF.
ChemInform Abstract: NUCLEOPHILIC ADDITION OF PHENOLATE OXYGEN TO AN UNACTIVATED CARBON‐CARBON DOUBLE BOND (1982)

Abstract Um die Möglichkeiten für eine intramolekulare Addition von O‐Nucleophilen an nichtaktivierte C=C‐Doppelbindungen zu prüfen, wurde zunächst das Phenololefin (IV) aus dem Lactam (I) dem Schema entsprechend hergestellt.
Limited feedback power loading for OFDM (2005)

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a practical technique for communicating over broadband channels in multi-path fading environments. It is well known that varying the power allocation from frequency tone-to-frequency tone, commonly called power loading, can improve capacity or error rate performance. Unfortunately, the implementation of power loading is complicated by the fact that the transmitter must have knowledge of the forwardlink channel. This assumption is often unrealistic, particularly in systems using frequency division duplexing (FDD). In this paper we present a limited feedback approach for power loading OFDM symbols. In this approach, the receiver, which is assumed to have full forwardlink channel knowledge, designs a power loading vector and conveys it to the transmitter over a limited rate feedback channel. The technique uses a codebook of power loading vectors known to both the transmitter and receiver. We design limited feedback schemes for error rate optimized and capacity optimized power loading. We show how to design quantizers using iterative optimization techniques from the theory of vector quantization for the case of error rate selection. In the capacity case, we characterize optimal feedback schemes for asymptotic signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) scenarios and present a simple method called multi-mode power loading that uses a codebook that switches subcarriers off and on. Simulation results show that the limited feedback techniques provide performance close to perfect channel knowledge power loading.
Femtosecond laser fabrication of nanostructures in silica glass (2003)

A femtosecond laser beam focused inside fused silica and other glasses can modify the refractive index of the glass. Chemical etching and atomic-force microscope studies show that the modified region can have a sharp-tipped cone-shaped structure with a tip diameter as small as 100 nm. Placing the structure near the bottom surface of a silica glass sample and applying a selective chemical etch to the bottom surface produces clean, circular, submicrometer-diameter holes. Holes spaced as close to one another as 1.4 microm are demonstrated.
Antarctic Research by the "Norvegia" Expeditions and Others: Discussion (1931)

William Goodenough, Consul Lars Christensen, S. W. Kemp, J. M. Wordie, H. R. Mill, Antarctic Research by the "Norvegia" Expeditions and Others: Discussion, The Geographical Journal, Vol. 78, No. 5 (Nov., 1931), pp. 414-416
Parallel Discrete Event Simulation for Multi-Core Systems: Analysis and Optimization (2013)

Parallel Discrete Event Simulation (PDES) can substantially improve the performance and capacity of simulation, allowing the study of larger, more detailed models, in less time. PDES is a fine-grained parallel application whose performance and scalability is limited by communication latencies. Traditionally, PDES simulation kernels use message passing; often these simulators are written for distributed environments, and shared memory is used to optimize message passing among processes on the same machine. In this paper, we develop, characterize and optimize a thread-based version of a PDES simulator on three representative multi-core platforms. The multi-threaded implementation eliminates multiple message copying and significantly minimizes synchronization delays. We study the performance of the simulator on three hardware platforms: an Intel Core i7 machine, and a 48-core AMD Opteron Magny-Cours system, and a 64-core Tilera TilePro64. We discover that the three platforms encounter substantially different bottlenecks because of their different architectures. We identify these bottlenecks and propose mechanisms to overcome them. Our results show that multi-threaded implementation improves the performance over an MPI-based version by up to a factor of 3 on the Core i7, 1.4 on the AMD Magny-Cours, and 2.8 on the Tilera Tile64.
Dextran 70 versus donor plasma as colloid in open-heart surgery under extreme haemodilution (1985)

Dextran 70 and donor plasma were compared as colloid in the priming solution during heart-lung perfusion in open-heart surgery. The patients underwent surgery for coronary artery or aortic valve disease. One group of nine patients had plasma in the priming solution, while ten patients received dextran 70. Prior to perfusion the patients in the dextran group received monovalent hapten to prevent anaphylactic reactions towards dextran. During the perfusion the same level of haemodilution was established in both groups; the haematocrit values fell from about 39 vol. per cent before perfusion to about 19 vol. per cent after 45 min of perfusion. Eighteen hours postoperatively, the haematocrit had increased to about 35 vol. per cent. The mean concentrations of total serum protein in preoperative samples from the plasma and dextran group were 66.0 g/l and 66.3 g/l, respectively, and fell to 42.6 g/l and 28.3 g/l in samples taken after 45 min of perfusion. The serum-protein concentration in the dextran group remained significantly lower than that of the plasma group throughout the postoperative period. A similar pattern was seen for the albumin concentration. Preoperatively the mean values of the colloid osmotic pressure of plasma were 24.2 mmHg and 25.5 mmHg in the plasma and dextran group, respectively. Corresponding figures 45 min after start of perfusion were 13.9 mmHg and 16.9 mmHg, respectively, significantly higher in the dextran group than in the plasma group. The colloid osmotic pressure exerted by dextran was about 9 mmHg during heart-lung perfusion and about 4 mmHg 18 h later.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Sequence of a 7·8 kb segment on the left arm of yeast chromosome XI reveals four open reading frames, including the <i>CAP1</i> gene, an intron‐containing gene and a gene encoding a homolog to the mammalian <i>UOG</i>‐<i>1</i> gene (1993)

We report here the DNA sequence of a segment of chromosome XI of Saccharomyces cerevisiae extending over 7.8 kb. The segment contains four long open reading frames, YKL150, YKL153, YKL155 and YKL156, YKL155 corresponds to the CAP1 gene. YKL153 contains an intron and shows an extremely biased codon usage suggestive of a highly expressed protein. YKL156 is a homolog to UOG-1, an open reading frame associated with the cDNA clone of the mammalian growth/differentiation factor 1. YKL150 reveals common motifs to both the RNA polymerase II elongation factor of Drosophila melanogaster and to the yeast PPR2 gene product.
Design of Spacecraft Missions to Remove Multiple Orbital Debris Objects (2012)

The amount of hazardous debris in Earth orbit has been increasing, posing an evergreater danger to space assets and human missions. In January of 2007, a Chinese ASAT test produced approximately 2600 pieces of orbital debris. In February of 2009, Iridium 33 collided with an inactive Russian satellite, yielding approximately 1300 pieces of debris. These recent disastrous events and the sheer size of the Earth orbiting population make clear the necessity of removing orbital debris. In fact, experts from both NASA and ESA have stated that 10 to 20 pieces of orbital debris need to be removed per year to stabilize the orbital debris environment. However, no spacecraft trajectories have yet been designed for removing multiple debris objects and the size of the debris population makes the design of such trajectories a daunting task. Designing an efficient spacecraft trajectory to rendezvous with each of a large number of orbital debris pieces is akin to the famous Traveling Salesman problem, an NP-complete combinatorial optimization problem in which a number of cities are to be visited in turn. The goal is to choose the order in which the cities are visited so as to minimize the total path distance traveled. In the case of orbital debris, the pieces of debris to be visited must be selected and ordered such that spacecraft propellant consumption is minimized or at least kept low enough to be feasible. Emergent Space Technologies, Inc. has developed specialized algorithms for designing efficient tour missions for near-Earth asteroids that may be applied to the design of efficient spacecraft missions capable of visiting large numbers of orbital debris pieces. The first step is to identify a list of high priority debris targets using the Analytical Graphics, Inc. SOCRATES website and then obtain their state information from Celestrak. The tour trajectory design algorithms will then be used to determine the itinerary of objects and v requirements. These results will shed light on how many debris pieces can be visited for various amounts of propellant, which launch vehicles can accommodate such missions, and how much margin is available for debris removal system payloads.
Acetabular Fracture Patterns: Associations with Motor Vehicle Crash Information (1999)

Acetabular fracture type strongly correlated with impact direction, supporting the fracture mechanisms proposed by Judet and Letournel.
The Controlled Release of Simvastatin from Biomimetic Macrospheres (2012)

Simvastatin has been shown to succesfully stimulate bone regeneration and attention has being focussed on developing appropriate delivery carriers for its release. The challenge of deliverying therapeutic concentration of pharmaceutical compunds has being the centre of focus in drug delivery developments. This study examines the in-vivo effects of simvastatin released from β-TCP macrospheres derived from coral exoxskeletons. The results indicates that the controlled release of simvastatin can promote bone formation comparable with direct injection. Furthermore the results showed that the release of simvastatin delivery rates can be controlled by additional coating of an apatite coating. Analysis by CT scans, SEM, amount of new bone formed and mechanical strength tests, showed that by controlling the release of simvastatin bone formation can be stimulated to a therapeutic level.
Nanomaterial as Microbial Agent to Paints (2012)

Quaternary ammonium compounds are widely used as antiseptic agents, disinfectants, detergents and preservatives. In addition, quaternary ammonium compounds are often used as algaecides, and chloride dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (benzalkonium chloride) is the most effective against these microorganisms. However benzalkonium chloride is not used as surface algaecide compound due its high hydrophobicity, bring on high leaching of this compound when the surface is exposed to high humidity. Currently, compounds such as diuron and s-triazine are used as algaecides, but had been detected in coastal regions in high levels concentration showing the leaching of these biocides. Then raise the necessity to develop a new algaecide to overcome the failings of leaching of the compounds used nowadays. Nanomaterial as organoclay is an excellent alternative because they have highly hydrophobic. Therefore in this work was synthesized a new nanomaterial using benzalkonium chloride, which was applied in a house paint formulation. The nanomaterial was characterized by the techniques of X-ray diffraction and thermo gravimetric analysis. The biocide capability as well as resistance to weathering of the nanomaterial was checked thought microbiological and leaching test. The new nanomaterial synthesized in this study had a high potential to be used as a microbial agent in paints.
Highly specific, multiplexed isothermal pathogen detection with fluorescent aptamer readout (2020)

Abstract Isothermal, cell-free, synthetic biology-based approaches to pathogen detection leverage the power of tools available in biological systems, such as highly active polymerases compatible with lyophilization, without the complexity inherent to live-cell systems, of which Nucleic Acid Sequence Based Amplification (NASBA) is well known. Despite the reduced complexity associated with cell-free systems, side reactions are a common characteristic of these systems. As a result, these systems often exhibit false positives from reactions lacking an amplicon. Here we show that the inclusion of a DNA duplex lacking a promoter and unassociated with the amplicon, fully suppresses false positives, enabling a suite of fluorescent aptamers to be used as NASBA tags (Apta-NASBA). Apta-NASBA has a 1 pM detection limit and can provide multiplexed, multicolor fluorescent readout. Furthermore, Apta-NASBA can be performed using a variety of equipment, for example a fluorescence microplate reader, a qPCR instrument, or an ultra-low-cost Raspberry Pi-based 3D-printed detection platform employing a cell phone camera module, compatible with field detection.
Modification of bulk properties of Bi/sub 1.8/Pb/sub 0.33/Sr/sub 1.87/Ca/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub y/ tapes by means of ion induced surface trenches (1999)

This paper demonstrates the possibility to enhance predictably the behavior of the superconducting properties in a bulk material, by introducing linearly correlated defects within a surface layer. Columnar defects, having a depth of about 5% of the total thickness of the sample, were created on Ag/BSCCO-2223 tapes by means of 0.25 GeV Au ions at different fluences, with a dose equivalent field B/sub /spl phi// ranging from 1 T to 5 T. The implantation depth was about 15% of the total thickness of the sample. The shape and position of the irreversibility lines were deeply modified. The vortex dynamics, as investigated by a.c. susceptometry in d.c. magnetic field, exhibits features characteristics of Bose-glass like localization in a range of field between the onset of the localized phase and the dose equivalent field. From all the experimental data it emerges that the strategy of creating surface trenches for vortices is always largely effective in this range of magnetic fields.
Usability and Safety of Ventricular Assist Devices: Human Factors and Design Aspects (2009)

The purpose of this study was the investigation of the usability and ergonomics of ventricular assist devices (VADs) in everyday usage. Patients with four different VAD types were observed. After implantation, instruction, and discharge from the hospital, the patients returned on a regular basis to the outpatient clinic, where the investigation took place. Data collection took place in two phases. In phase I home-released VAD patients were asked about perceived problems with the system at home. Additionally health-care professionals were interviewed to gather information on frequent VAD inconveniences and shortcomings. This inquiry resulted in a standardized self-assessment questionnaire and a manual skill test, which were performed in phase II by the whole collective (16 patients and ongoing). As a result, 38% of the patients disconnected parts of their system unintentionally at least once. All of them ascribed this problem to their own carelessness. Thirty-eight percent had to replace a cable. Seventy-five percent desired an additional cable strain relief. Thirty-eight percent suffered from rubbing of parts on the body. Sixty-three percent used a separate repository aside from the factory-provided transportation systems. The overall noise emission (pump, ventilators, and alarms) annoyed 56%; however, for 32% the alarm signals were too quiet to wake them up. No correlation between the assessed manual skills and the number of adverse events was found. To conclude, this preliminary study revealed considerable potential for improvements in the usability of ventricular assist systems.