gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A novel superlattice band-gap engineered (SBE) capacitorless DRAM cell with extremely short channel length down to 30 nm (2010)

We propose a novel SiGe superlattice band-gap engineered (SBE) capacitorless dynamic random access memory (DRAM) cell with the 30 nm channel by the 2D TCAD simulation. The SBE capacitorless DRAM cell used a common source structure and different metal layers for the top gate word line from the bottom gate word line to realize the 4F <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> (0.0036 μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) feature size. From the 2D TCAD simulation of the SBE capacitorless DRAM cell, thanks to both the Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.8</sub> Ge <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.2</sub> quantum well and SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> physical energy barrier, we obtained the sensing margin of 6.4 μA and the retention time of 15 msec.
Artificial Intelligence Theory and Reconfigurable Control Systems. (1984)

A program for the analytic and experimental investigation of reconfigurable control systems is described. Its principal objectives are to extend the theory of artificial intelligence and to develop practical methods of applying artificial intelligence heuristics, statistical hypothesis testing, and modern control theory to the reconfiguration of control systems following sensor failures, actuator failures, power supply or transmission failures, or unforeseen changes in dynamic characteristics. Objectives include the definition of typical failure modes and effects; formulation and investigation of algorithms for detection, identification, estimation, and control; numerical simulation of failure and reconfiguration; and experimentation using a microprocessor-based reconfigurable control system. (Author)
Adaptive array processing for pulsed communication systems (1995)

The application of adaptive arrays to communications is addressed for the specific case of known pulsed desired signal transition times. From this information, the adaptive antenna weights that maximize gain on the desired signal and null out the interferers are described. The approach is then extended to cases when the interferer(s) power is not stationary, i.e., this quantity varies versus time.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Biofibre hair implant: what is new, what is true? (2019)

Ensuring the safety of hair implant fibers is essential. At the same time, good aesthetic quality and durability should also be considered in order to maintain expected result over the years. The main features required are biocompatibility, resistance to traction, absence of capillarity, resistance to physical-chemical stress, and low tissue trauma, in addition to good aesthetics. Biofibre® medical hair prosthetic fibers meet all the biocompatibility and safety requirements established by international standards for medical devices. They are available in 13 colors, with different lengths (15, 30 or 45 cm) and various shapes (straight, wavy, curly and afro). Biofibre® hair implants are indicated for diffuse hair loss or hair thinning in cases where an immediate aesthetic result is required, when patients request minor surgery without hospitalization, both for male and female patients, in combination with other hair restoration techniques to improve the final aesthetic result, to correct scars or scalp burns and in cases of poor donor areas. Biofibre® Hair Implant is in fact a minor surgery technique, performed under local anesthesia by either a manual implanter or an automatic machine which enables an immediate aesthetic result and the desired quantity of hair without pain or hospitalization. Clinical and histological studies have demonstrated that Biofibre® hair Implants are safe and well tolerated by patients and can be totally reversible if the need arises. This technique requires good after-care, periodical check-ups and yearly implant re-touches to maintain the best cosmetic result.
Temporally coherent video matting (2010)

Existing video matting approaches determine the alpha matte sequence frame-by-frame, which lead to flickering near the boundary of the foreground region. We reduce this effect by considering video data as a spatio-temporal cube, and extending a robust matting algorithm to a 3D solver. Our results demonstrate consistent and visually pleasing alpha mattes, and tend to preserve temporal coherence better than previous techniques.
Using conditional random fields to predict focus word pair in spontaneous spoken English (2014)

This paper addresses the problem of automatically labeling focus word pairs in spontaneous spoken English, where a focus word pair refers to salient part of text or speech and the word motivating it.The prediction of focus word pairs is important for speech applications such as expressive text-tospeech (TTS) synthesis and speech recognition.It can also help in better textual and intention understanding for spoken dialog systems.Traditional approaches such as support vector machines (SVMs) prediction neglect the dependency between words and meet the obstacle of the imbalanced distribution of positive and negative samples of dataset.This paper introduces conditional random fields (CRFs) to the task of automatically predicting focus word pair from lexical, syntactic and semantic features.Furthermore, several new features related to syntactic and semantic information are proposed to achieve better performance.Experiments on the publicly available Switchboard corpus demonstrate that CRF model outperforms the baseline and SVM model for focus word pair prediction, and newly proposed features can further improve performance for CRF based predictor.Specifically, compared to the low recall rate of 11.31% achieved by the SVM model, the proposed CRF based predictor can yield a high recall rate of 70.88% with little impact on precision.
Evidence‐based dietary management of functional gastrointestinal symptoms: The FODMAP approach (2009)

The low FODMAP diet provides an effective approach to the management of patients with functional gut symptoms. The evidence base is now sufficiently strong to recommend its widespread application.
Velocity Models From Frequency Domain Waveform Tomography – Past, Present and Future (2004)

Abstract The author recently contacted a number of leading research groups, many of whom provided examples of the success of the frequency-domain approach to waveform inversion.
Regulation of endothelial cell prostaglandin synthesis by glutathione. (1991)

Prostaglandin synthesis in in vitro systems is dependent on glutathione and peroxide concentrations. We tested the effects of glutathione depletion and H2O2 exposure on prostaglandin synthesis in cultured porcine aortic endothelial cells. Depletion of glutathione using buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), diethylmaleate, and 2,4-chlorodinitrobenzene increased prostaglandin synthetic capacity. Production of prostacyclin, but not prostaglandin E2, from exogenous arachidonic acid was significantly greater than in controls. Glutathione depletion also resulted in enhanced production of prostacyclin from exogenous prostaglandin H2. These responses were not due to direct effects of glutathione-depleting agents on prostaglandin synthetic enzymes. Exposure to H2O2 also altered prostaglandin synthetic capacity in endothelial cells. While 5 microM H2O2 stimulated prostaglandin production from exogenous arachidonate, 25 and 50 microM were found to be inhibitory. Prostaglandin synthetic capacity was greater in BSO-treated cells which were exposed to 5 and 10 microM H2O2 than in cells exposed to H2O2 alone. However, prostaglandin synthetic capacity was greatly reduced in BSO-treated cells exposed to 50 microM H2O2. Thus, normal levels of cellular glutathione exert an inhibitory influence on prostaglandin synthesis. However, glutathione depletion increases the sensitivity of prostaglandin synthesis to inhibition by 50 microM H2O2.
Use of freshwater mussels to monitor point source industrial discharges (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUse of freshwater mussels to monitor point source industrial dischargesRobert B. Foster and John M. BatesCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1978, 12, 8, 958–962Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es60144a001https://doi.org/10.1021/es60144a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views162Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Shear Strengthening of RC Beams by Externally Bonded Side CFRP Strips (1998)

This paper presents results of an experimental investigation on the response of reinforced concrete beams strengthened in shear using externally applied epoxy-bonded unidirectional carbon-fiber plastic side strips. Three series of 1,300-mm-long reinforced concrete (RC) beams are considered: (1) a series of beams having full strength in shear; (2) a series of beams underreinforced in shear; and a (3) series of beams strengthened in shear. Side strips placed either perpendicularly or diagonally to a beam's longitudinal axis provided the external shear reinforcement. The beams were instrumented and tested under four-point load conditions. Results show the feasibility of using epoxy-bonded strips to restore or increase the load-carrying capacity in shear of RC beams while substantially reducing shear cracking. RC beams strengthened by diagonal side strips outperformed those strengthened with vertical side strips. However, under extreme loading conditions concrete may be torn off at anchorage zone where high concentration of tensile normal stresses is present.
A Rigorous 3-D NAND Flash Cost Analysis (2013)

Scaling challenges with NAND flash have forced manufacturers to consider monolithic 3-D process and device architectures as potential successor technologies. Those that involve a vertical cylindrical channel are regarded as favorites. These include bit-cost scalable (BiCS) NAND, pipe-shaped bit-cost scalable (p-BiCS) NAND, and terabit cell array transistor (TCAT) NAND. It has been assumed that their manufacturing costs decrease monotonically with the number of additional device layers. This paper presents a rigorous analysis of this assumption based on recently reported challenges associated with the construction of these architectures. It is shown that there is a minimum in die cost after which costs increase with increasing device layers. Also, achievable die sizes using these approaches may not even reach existing production NAND Flash. An important consequence is that monolithic 3-D approaches that involve more lithography-intensive steps may actually result in lower total cost provided that these scale appropriately
Partition-based collaborative tensor factorization for POI recommendation (2017)

The rapid development of location-based social networks (LBSNs) provides people with an opportunity of better understanding their mobility behavior which enables them to decide their next location. For example, it can help travelers to choose where to go next, or recommend salesmen the most potential places to deliver advertisements or sell products. In this paper, a method for recommending points of interest (POIs) is proposed based on a collaborative tensor factorization (CTF) technique. Firstly, a generalized objective function is constructed for collaboratively factorizing a tensor with several feature matrices. Secondly, a 3-mode tensor is used to model all users' check-in behaviors, and three feature matrices are extracted to characterize the time distribution, category distribution and POI correlation, respectively. Thirdly, each user's preference to a POI at a specific time can be estimated by using CTF. In order to further improve the recommendation accuracy, PCTF (Partitionbased CTF) is proposed to fill the missing entries of a tensor after clustering its every mode. Experiments on a real checkin database show that the proposed method can provide more accurate location recommendation.
XX. The measurement of electron transfer by X-ray diffraction methods (1955)

Abstract In the course of structural analyses of aluminium-transition metal compounds, attempts have been made to find evidence for electron transfer effects proposed by Raynor. The results obtained are ambiguous if the intensities have not been measured on an absolute scale. Previous interpretations based on (F 0-F c) syntheses must be revised because deficiencies in the f-curves used in the calculations have been revealed. It is also shown that the effects of overlap, series-termination and limited counting area can alter appreciably the electron counts on F0 syntheses. The ultimate possibility of detecting transfer is considered.
The Use of Smart Tokens in Cleaning Integrated Warehouse Data (2005)

Identifying integrated records that represent the same real-world object in numerous ways is just one form of data disparity (dirt) to be resolved in a data warehouse. Data cleaning is a complex process, which uses multidisciplinary techniques to resolve conflicts in data drawn from different data sources. There is a need for initial cleaning at the time a data warehouse is built, and incremental cleaning whenever new records are brought into the data warehouse during refreshing. Existing work on data cleaning have used pre-specified record match thresholds and multiple scanning of records to determine matching records in integrated data. Little attention has been paid to incremental matching of records. Determining optimal record match score threshold in a domain is hard. Also, direct long record string comparison is highly inefficient and intolerant to typing errors. Thus, this article proposes two algorithms, the first of which uses smart tokens defined from integrated records to match and identify duplicate records during initial warehouse cleaning. The second algorithm uses these tokens for fast, incremental cleaning during warehouse refreshing. Every attribute value forms either a special token like birth date or an ordinary token, which can be alphabetic, numeric, or alphanumeric. Rules are applied for forming tokens belonging to each of these four classes. These tokens are sorted and used for record match. The tokens also form very good warehouse identifiers for future faster incremental warehouse cleaning. This approach eliminates the need for match threshold and multiple passes at data. Experiments show that using tokens for record comparison produces a far better result than using the entire or greater part of a record.
Electromigration performance of electroless plated copper/Pd-silicide metallization (1992)

The electromigration reliability of Cu interconnects has been studied under DC, pulse-DC, and bipolar current stressing conditions. Electroless plating was used to selectively deposit Cu in oxide trenches by using Pd silicide as a catalytic layer at the bottom of the trenches to initiate copper deposition. The DC and pulse-DC lifetimes of Cu are found to be about two orders of magnitude longer than that of Al-2%Si at 275 degrees C, and about four orders of magnitude longer than that of Al-2%Si when extrapolated to room temperature. On the other hand, Cu AC lifetimes are found to be comparable to the AC lifetimes of Al-2%Si. The pulse-DC lifetime of copper interconnects follows the similar frequency and duty factor dependence as aluminium and the prediction of the vacancy relaxation model.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Human face‐only immersion in cold water reduces maximal apnoeic times and stimulates ventilation (2006)

In two studies, the cold shock and diving responses were investigated after human face immersion without prior hyperventilation to explore the mechanism(s) accounting for reductions in maximal apnoeic times (ATmax) at low water temperatures. In study 1, ATmax, heart rate (HR) and cutaneous blood cell velocity were measured in 13 non-apnoea-trained males during apnoeic face immersion in 0, 10, 20 and 33 degrees C water and room air (AIR). In study 2, six males were measured during non-apnoeic face immersion in 0, 10 and 33 degrees C water for ventilation (VE), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), HR and oxygen consumption (VO2), as well for end-tidal partial pressures of oxygen (PET,O2) and carbon dioxide (PET,CO2). Results indicated that the ATmax of 30.7 s (S.D. 7.1 s) at 0 degrees C (P < 0.001) and 48.2 s (S.D. 16.0 s) at 10 degrees C (P < 0.05) were significantly shorter than that of 58 s in AIR or 33 degrees C. During apnoea at 0, 10, 20 and 33 degrees C, both the deceleration of HR (P < 0.05) and peripheral vasoconstriction (P < 0.05), as well as the peak HR at 0 degrees C (P = 0.002) were significantly greater than in AIR. At 0 degrees C in comparison with 33 degrees C, non-apnoeic face immersions gave peaks in (P = 0.039), RER (P = 0.025), (P = 0.032) and HR (P = 0.011), as well as lower minimum values for (P = 0.033) and HR (P = 0.002). With as the covariate, ANCOVA showed that remained significantly greater (P = 0.003) at lower water temperatures. In conclusion, during face immersion at 10 degrees C and below, there is a non-metabolic, neurally mediated cold shock-like response that shortens apnoea, stimulates ventilation and predominates over the oxygen conserving effects of the dive response.
Production of vanillic acid from vanillin by resting cells of Serratia marcescens (1989)

Resting-cell suspensions of Serratia marcescens were able to convert, quantitatively, 0.3% vanillin to vanillic acid. The vanillic acid-producing activity reached a maximum after 28 h of incubation with 0.01% vanillin as an inducer.
High impedance fault evaluation using narrowband Power Line Communication techniques (2011)

Occurrence of High Impedance Faults in urban overhead power distribution networks can cause economical and safety issues for both the public and the utility. These faults may hardly be detected using conventional protection methods, so a sophisticated system has to be developed to deal with the problem. In this work the usage of high frequency ranges and specifically the Cenelec A Band frequency range is examined for the detection of such kind of faults by monitoring the input impedance of the system. High impedance faults can cause significant deviation to the overall impedance at specific frequencies. Several branched overhead Medium Voltage topologies are examined and significant conclusions are extracted. Furthermore, a parametric analysis is conducted with respect to the earth's electromagnetic properties, i.e. ground resistivity and relative permittivity, regarding their impact on the efficacy of the method. Finally, the occurrence of fault at all possible locations of a transmission line is examined and also analyzed.
Polyethylene Particles from a Hip Simulator Cause <sup>45</sup>Ca Release from Cultured Bone (2001)

Periprosthetic osteolysis is a dominant factor in the success or failure of total hip prostheses. Polyethylene wear debris has been implicated in the process of bone resorption and subsequent implant loosening. The present study is the first to examine the effect of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) wear debris produced by a hip simulator on calvarial bone resorption in vitro. (45)Ca release was measured in cultured mouse calvarial bone samples. Although short-term exposure to UHMWPE particles (2 h) decreased (45)Ca release, longer-term exposure for 1-2 days increased release in a dose-dependent manner. After one-day exposure to 7.5 x 10(6) particles per mL, 18% more (45)Ca was released from cultured calvarial bone than from control samples. It was concluded that UHMWPE wear particles either directly or indirectly stimulated osteoclasts to activate bone resorption. Polyethylene wear debris contributes to the osteolytic process at the bone-implant interface.
Nickel(II) and palladium(II) chelates of dehydroacetic acid Schiff bases derived from thiosemicarbazide and hydrazinecarbodithioate (1994)

Dehydroacetic acid Schiff bases DAE (1) and DATS (2) were isolated from the reaction of dehydroacetic acid (2-acetyl-5-hydroxy-3-oxo-4-hexenoic acid-δ-lactone) with hydrazine-S-methylcarbodithioate and the corresponding acid amide, thiosemicarbazide, respectively. Reaction of such Schiff bases with nickel(II) and palladium(II) ions afforded the dimeric monoligand chelates [M(DAE-2H)] 2 and [M(DATS-2H)] 2 ; M = Ni(II) or Pd(II). In the presence of monodentate Lewis bases, B, square-planar chelates [M(DAE-2H)B] and [M(DATS-2H)B], in which B = pyridine or triphenylphosphine, were isolated. The stoichiometry and structure of the isolated organic ligands and their chelates were confirmed through elemental analyses, molecular weight determination, and infrared, ultraviolet–visible, and 1 H and 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Positive inotropic stimulation (2002)

Adrenergic receptors transduce signals through the G proteins to regulate cardiac function. The catecholamines, via alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptor (beta-AR) stimulation, may play a role in the development of heart failure. Norepinephrine and isoproterenol can induce cardiac myocyte apoptosis. Studies suggest that alpha-, beta1-, and beta2-adrenergic pathways differentially regulate cardiac myocyte apoptosis. The stimulation of beta1-AR leads to cyclic AMP-dependent apoptosis, whereas that of the beta2-AR elicits concurrent apoptosis and survival signals in cardiac myocytes coupled to Gs protein. Overexpression of alpha1-adrenergic receptors does not induce apoptosis in wild-type mice. In contrast, the heart failure observed in some murine models has to be related to an enhanced beta-AR kinase expression. These recent advances make it possible to understand the beneficial effects of beta-blockers in the treatment of chronic heart failure and provide novel therapeutic modalities through the stimulation of beta2-ARs or the inhibition of beta-AR kinase expression.
Titanium-Indiffused Proton-Exchanged Microlens-Based Integrated Optic Bragg Modulator Modules For Optical Computing (1986)

A variety of integrated optic Bragg modulator modules that incoorporate an array of channel waveguides, a linear microlens array, an array of acoustooptic or electrooptic diffraction gratings, and an integrating lens in LiNb03 single-mode Channel-Planar composite waveguides with a substrate size of 0.2 x 1.0 x 1.8 cm3 have been realized. These integrated optic device modules were utilized successfully to perform a variety of experiments in computing, RF signal processing, and communications. These device modules together with various other device architectures should serve to facilitate the very large channel capacity that is inherent with the diode laser, the optical fiber, and the photodetector arrays for future multichannel optical computing as well as RF signal processing and communication systems.