gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spectral estimation of cavitation related narrow-band ship radiated noise based on fractional lower order statistics and multiple signal classification (2013)

Narrow-band spectral components of ship radiated noise are of crucial importance for sonar operators in order to detect and classify possible targets. Classical spectral estimation techniques have been widely used to fulfill the requirements for narrow-band signal detection. However, classical methods may not be sufficient when signal-to-noise ratio is relatively low. In this paper we propose to utilize the subspace based multiple signal classification for the cavitation related narrow-band ship radiated noise detection. In addition we propose the use of fractional lower order statistics instead of second order statistics when the ship radiated noise exhibits an impulsive behavior leading to drifting apart from Gaussianity. We present the results of a real ship noise data gathered from the Strait of Istanbul. We also investigate and present the 1/f-type noise characteristics of a sample ship noise segment and discuss how we can use this information for robust estimation of cavitation related narrow-band ship noise spectrum.
Authenticated Key Agreement Based on NFC for Mobile Payment (2015)

Mobile payment is being adopted all over the world in different ways. Along with the increased convenience at the point of sale, mobile payment acceptance can also bring new risks to the security of cardholder data. Authentication is a basic security building block for mobile payment and there are some of research results, which were proven to be weak against attacks. This paper proposes a new authenticated key agreement based on NFC for mobile payment to solve the problems in the previous researches. The proposed scheme is secure against various attacks and could provide privacy to the participants.
Coupling Photocatalysis and Redox Biocatalysis Toward Biocatalyzed Artificial Photosynthesis (2013)

In green plants, solar-energy utilization is accomplished through a cascade of photoinduced electron transfer, which remains a target model for realizing artificial photosynthesis. We introduce the concept of biocatalyzed artificial photosynthesis through coupling redox biocatalysis with photocatalysis to mimic natural photosynthesis based on visible-light-driven regeneration of enzyme cofactors. Key design principles for reaction components, such as electron donors, photosensitizers, and electron mediators, are described for artificial photosynthesis involving biocatalytic assemblies. Recent research outcomes that serve as a proof of the concept are summarized and current issues are discussed to provide a future perspective.
A Snubberless Solid-State Tap Changer for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (2020)

A stator winding tap changer has been studied for a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive for speeds exceeding the base speed range. At low speeds, all stator windings are configured to fulfill the high output torque; at high speeds, a portion of the stator windings are configured to relieve the burden of the stator winding turns, i.e., large inductive impedance, back electromotive force (BEMF), and field-weakening current. The conventional solid-state tap changers for the PMSMs require snubber capacitors and bleeder resistors. The snubber capacitor is necessary for providing an inductor current path during the stator winding tap-change period. However, it induces long transition times and energy losses. In this article, a snubberless solid-state tap changer is proposed for PMSMs. The proposed mechanism is composed of only three-switches for each tap and controls the leakage inductance current by employing an appropriate switching sequence. With the proposed tap changer, the transition period is reduced and energy loss by bleeder resistance is eliminated. The results of a simulation and an experiment are used to validate the proposed scheme.
Using uml to visualize role-based access control constraints (2004)

Organizations use Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) to protect information resources from unauthorized access. We propose an approach, based on the Unified Modeling Language (UML), that shows how RBAC policies can be systematically incorporated into an application design. We consider an RBAC model to be a pattern which we express using UML diagram templates; RBAC policies for an application conforming to this model can be generated by instantiating these templates with values obtained from the application. The constraints of the RBAC model are expressed using the Object Constraint Language (OCL). OCL constraints, based on first-order logic, are difficult to understand. To alleviate this problem, we show how violation of such constraints can be visually represented using object diagram templates. With adequate tool support, developers can use these to demonstrate constraint violations in their applications. Our approach is illustrated using a small banking application.
Traversal Using Relay NAT (TURN) (2005)

Traversal Using Relay NAT (TURN) is a protocol that allows for an
element behind a NAT or firewall to receive incoming data over TCP or
UDP connections. It is most useful for elements behind symmetric NATs
or firewalls that wish to be on the receiving end of a connection to a
single peer. TURN does not allow for users to run servers on well
known ports if they are behind a nat; it supports the connection of a
user behind a nat to only a single peer. In that regard, its role is
to provide the same security functions provided by symmetric NATs and
firewalls, but to turn them into port- restricted NATs.
Preface to second edition (2008)

The first edition of this textbook was published in 2001 and its success surpassed our expectations. The editors have received many positive comments about the usefulness of the text and its relevance to everyday practice. The interest in the care of our most disturbed patients has been highlighted by both sales overseas and by the rapid translation of the text into Czech.
Analytical spectroscopy in supersonic expansions (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnalytical spectroscopy in supersonic expansionsJohn M. HayesCite this: Chem. Rev. 1987, 87, 4, 745–760Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1987https://doi.org/10.1021/cr00080a004RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views510Altmetric-Citations71LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (4 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Combined scheduling algorithm for re-entrant batch-processing machines in semiconductor wafer manufacturing (2014)

In this paper, a new combined scheduling algorithm is proposed to address the problem of minimising total weighted tardiness on re-entrant batch-processing machines (RBPMs) with incompatible job families in the semiconductor wafer fabrication system (SWFS). The general combined scheduling algorithm forms batches according to parameters from the real-time scheduling simulation platform (ReS2), and then sequences batches through slack-based mixed integer linear programming model (S-MILP), which is defined as batch-oriented combined scheduling algorithm. The new combined scheduling algorithm obtains families’ parameters from ReS2 and then sequences these families through modified S-MILP, which is defined as family-oriented combined scheduling algorithm. With rolling horizon control strategy, two combined scheduling algorithms can update RBPMs scheduling continually. The experiments are implemented on ReS2 of SWFS and ILOG CPLEX, respectively. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed methods.
Induction of apoptosis in human colon carcinoma cells HT29 by sublethal cryo-injury: Mediation by cytochrome c release (2001)

Cryosurgery is an emerging treatment for human solid tumors, notably colorectal liver metastasis. Cryosurgical procedures generate a thermal gradient of from at least -50 degrees C at the center of the tumor being treated to about 0 degrees C at the periphery. Cell death occurs by necrosis in the center, while the peripheral zone of frozen tumor harbors a mix of viable and dead tissue. In order to understand the mechanisms of cell death and survival in this peripheral area at risk for tumor recurrence, we have established an in vitro freezing system that mimics in vivo conditions of sublethal injury. HT29 colon cancer cells were subjected to freezing temperatures from -6 degrees C to -36 degrees C, thawed at room temperature for 30 min and rewarmed at 37 degrees C for a period of time. Post-freeze-thaw, cryolytic cells were evaluated by trypan blue exclusive assay. We also identified apoptotic cells after rewarming by cell shrinkage, nucleic condensation, TUNEL assay, DNA fragmentation and PARP degradation. The intensity of cryolysis and apoptosis was increased by lowering the freezing temperature. At -36 degrees C, all cells were dead immediately after freeze-thaw. A kinetic analysis of cryo-induced apoptosis showed that the commitment to enter apoptosis occurred right after the freeze-thaw period and lasted less than 8 hr after rewarming. We further demonstrated that freezing triggers one of the caspase cascade involved in apoptosis: release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytosol, followed by activation of caspase-9 and degradation of PARP. These results indicate the death of cancer cells under cryo-treatment at sublethal freezing temperature can be attributed 2 different modes, cryolysis as well as apoptosis. HT29 cells carrying p53 mutant have very quick response for induction of apoptosis by cryo-treatment and contain an intact pathway of caspase cascade. Further studies will address if mechanisms in cells with wild-type p53 will differ.
NETosis in Cancer – Platelet–Neutrophil Crosstalk Promotes Tumor-Associated Pathology (2016)

It has become increasingly clear that circulating immune cells in the body have a major impact on cancer development, progression, and outcome. The role of both platelets and neutrophils as independent regulators of various processes in cancer has been known for long, but it has quite recently emerged that the platelet-neutrophil interplay is yet a critical component to take into account during malignant disease. It was reported a few years ago that neutrophils in mice with cancer have increased propensity to form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) - web-like structures formed by externalized chromatin and secreted proteases. The initial finding describing this as a cell death-associated process has been followed by reports of additional mechanisms for NET formation (NETosis), and it has been shown that similar structures can be formed also without lysis and neutrophil cell death as a consequence. Furthermore, presence of NETs in humans with cancer has been verified in a few recent studies, indicating that tumor-induced NETosis is clinically relevant. Several reports have also described that NETs contribute to cancer-associated pathology, by promoting processes responsible for cancer-related death such as thrombosis, systemic inflammation, and relapse of the disease. This review summarizes current knowledge about NETosis in cancer, including the role of platelets as regulators of tumor-induced NETosis. It has been shown that platelets can serve as inducers of NETosis, and the platelet-neutrophil interface can therefore be an important issue to consider when designing therapies targeting cancer-associated pathology in the future.
A study of the physical properties of lamellar liquid-crystalline dispersions (1993)

Important questions addressed in this thesis are (i) which are the factors governing the physical stability of these dispersions and (ii) what is the relation between the chemical composition of the surfactant and the physical stability of these systems as a function of electrolyte type and concentration. There is an ongoing need for concentrating liquid detergents. For that reason, but also because polymers are becoming increasingly important as ingredients in liquid detergent products, the effect of polymers on the physical properties of lamellar dispersions has been investigated. Two types of polymers have been studied: polymers which are and which are not attached to the lamellar droplets. In colloid chemistry they are called anchored and free polymers, respectively. ... Zie: Summary
Defense for Black-box Attacks on Anti-spoofing Models by Self-Supervised Learning (2020)

High-performance anti-spoofing models for automatic speaker verification (ASV), have been widely used to protect ASV by identifying and filtering spoofing audio that is deliberately generated by text-to-speech, voice conversion, audio replay, etc. However, it has been shown that high-performance anti-spoofing models are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Adversarial attacks, that are indistinguishable from original data but result in the incorrect predictions, are dangerous for anti-spoofing models and not in dispute we should detect them at any cost. To explore this issue, we proposed to employ Mockingjay, a self-supervised learning based model, to protect anti-spoofing models against adversarial attacks in the black-box scenario. Self-supervised learning models are effective in improving downstream task performance like phone classification or ASR. However, their effect in defense for adversarial attacks has not been explored yet. In this work, we explore the robustness of self-supervised learned high-level representations by using them in the defense against adversarial attacks. A layerwise noise to signal ratio (LNSR) is proposed to quantize and measure the effectiveness of deep models in countering adversarial noise. Experimental results on the ASVspoof 2019 dataset demonstrate that high-level representations extracted by Mockingjay can prevent the transferability of adversarial examples, and successfully counter black-box attacks.
Low temperature growth of carbon nanostructures. (2005)

Carbon nanotubes have been the subject of extensive research over the past few years. This is due to the unique properties of carbon nanotubes brought about by its electronic, mechanical and chemical properties. Low dimensional structures that were previously in the domain of theorists can now be tested experimentally with carbon nanotubes based devices. Nanostructured materials with exciting new properties are now predicted to bring about a whole new revolution to the world and the way we live. The main focus of this work is in the area of low temperature synthesised carbon nanotubes with the extreme limiting case of synthesis at room temperature. Whilst research groups worldwide are pursuing the holy grail of synthesising perfectly structured nanotubes, using either carbon electrode arc-discharge techniques or laser ablation or a less structured form at typically 700&deg;C using chemical vapour deposition (CVD), this thesis explores the formation of carbon nanostructures at lower temperatures using CVD techniques. Besides the advantage of using a wider variety of supporting substrates, electrodes and its possible use in conducting polymer composites, the work will also contribute and add to the knowledge base of low temperature synthesis. This thesis is focused on the characterisation of nanotubes as this is critical in understanding the properties of nanotubes and allows for the fabrication of proof of concept devices in targeted applications. In this thesis, the synthesis of low temperature carbon nanostructures and nanotubes, and spherical carbon structures will be presented and discussed. Briefly, carbon nanostructures have been successfully synthesised at below 350&deg;C and lower defect level carbon nanotubes have been synthesised below 400&deg;C using a novel thermal barrier layer technique. Methodologies for exploiting the low temperature growth process for future applications are discussed.
A System Architecture for a Context-aware Blended Mobile Learning Environment (2008)

Mobility offers new possibilities for interaction and communication in education. Pervasive nature of mobile devices makes learning on the move and across time a reality. Their characteristics fit into the blended use of technology in education since they posses socializing powers, re-conceptualize learning by making it more informal, ambient, collaborative and personal. Nevertheless, the problem of creation and coordination of a learning environment based on mobile devices still exists. This article presents a system called MILE and its extensible context-aware architecture to support the use of mobile devices in blended learning environments. In the end, some experience and lessons learned during the development of the system are described.
Integrated four-dimensional modelling of sedimentary basin architecture and hydrocarbon migration (2006)

Abstract Structural geometries, faults and their movement histories, together with the petrophysical properties of flow units, are some of the major controls on hydrocarbon migration pathways within sedimentary basins. Currently, structural restoration, fault-seal analysis and hydrocarbon migration are treated as separate approaches to investigating basin geohistory and petroleum systems. Each of these separate modelling approaches in their own fields is advanced and sophisticated but they are not compatible with each other. Lack of integration produces incorrect palaeogeometries in basin models and inaccurate migration pathways. A combined structural restoration and fault-seal analysis technique, integrated with fast hydrocarbon migration pathway modelling code based on invasion percolation (IP) methods, is described. These modelling methods are used to develop a 4D basin modelling workflow in which evolving basin geohistories and geometries form an integral part of the analysis of hydrocarbon migration and trapping. By combining structural restoration and 3D fault-seal analysis it is possible to investigate the evolution of structurally complex traps through time. Integration of these techniques with a numerically fast migration pathway modelling technique allows hydrocarbon migration pathways and accumulations to be modelled through the evolution of the basin with time. Additionally, the effects of uncertainties in structural geometry, fault seal or any of the model input parameters can be explored using a risk-driven approach to modelling. These methods are demonstrated using synthetic, computer generated, 3D models and a well-constrained model of the Moab Fault, Utah, USA. Comparison of modelled structural geometries, fault-seal properties and predicted trapped hydrocarbons with outcrop data is used to validate the integrated modelling approach. The validated techniques are then applied to a seismically derived, 3D model from the southern North Sea, UK, to demonstrate how an integrated, risk-driven approach to modelling allows the effects of uncertainties in the distribution of hydrocarbon accumulations to be investigated.
Malignant glaucoma following laser iridotomy (1995)

This case illustrates the recently established link between laser iridotomy and malignant glaucoma. Miotics and other possible causes are excluded, a surgical option is described and the importance of assessing central anterior chamber depth in cases of angle closure is emphasised.
Preferential Attack on Cancer by Selected SH Inhibitors (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In sensitivity tests on hundreds of human cancers, selected sulfhydryl (SH) inhibitors have shown greater effect against tumors than against normal tissues. Clinically, SH inhibitors have caused the regression of a variety of human carcinomas, sarcomas, and lymphomas without injury to wound healing and with minimal injury to hematologic status and even improvement in some patients. The drug regimens are started within 24 to 48 hours of major cancer surgery, such as palliative bowel resection or pelvic exenteration. In two series totalling over 100 patients, the majority of patients whose tumors could be measured objectively received objective benefit from chemotherapy with the SH inhibitor oxophenarsine plus adjuncts, alone or in combination with other anticancer drugs which were picked in accord with sensitivity tests on each patient's own cancer.<sup>1</sup> From the work of Di Paolo<sup>2</sup>and Kondo<sup>3</sup>the sensitivity tests are now known to be
Perfil físico-químico do soro de queijos mozarela e minas-padrão produzidos em várias regiões do estado de Minas Gerais (2008)

O perfil físico-químico de soros de queijos mozarela e minas-padrão foi analisado em quatro das cinco macrorregiões com maior produção desses queijos no estado de Minas Gerais: Alto São Francisco, Zona Metalúrgica, Zona da Mata e Sul de Minas. Os valores média+desvio padrão encontrados para os componentes do soro de queijo mozarela foram: -0,565+0,031°H para crioscopia; 6,19+0,26 para pH; 13,16+3,08°D para acidez; 6,33+0,43g/100g para sólidos totais; 93,67+0,43g/100g para umidade; 0,77+0,26g/100g para gordura; 0,84+0,04g/100g para proteína; 4,42+0,68g/100g para lactose; 0,47+0,04g/100g para cinzas; 0,18+0,01g/100g para cloretos e 1,0253+0,0006 para densidade. Para soro de queijo minas-padrão, foram encontrados: -0,555+0,030°H para crioscopia; 6,30+0,31 para pH; 12,48+2,07°D para acidez; 6,28+0,51g/100g para sólidos totais; 93,97+0,54 g/100g para umidade; 0,70+0,21g/100g para gordura; 0,49+0,03g/100g para cinzas; 4,12+0,36 g/100g para lactose; 0,80+0,04g/100g para proteínas; 0,20+0,01g/100g para cloretos e 1,0249+0,0009 para densidade. Não houve diferença significativa entre os dois tipos de soro, mas encontrou-se diferença entre os soros de diferentes regiões para crioscopia, sólidos totais, umidade e densidade, e observou-se interação tipo de soro versus região para proteínas, acidez, gordura e cloretos. Os teores de lactose e resíduo mineral fixo (cinzas) não apresentaram nenhuma diferença significativa. Por não existir um padrão de identidade e qualidade específico para soros de queijo, esses resultados podem ser tomados como base para se desenvolver tais padrões.
Low-power bandgap references featuring DTMOSTs (1999)

This paper describes two CMOS bandgap reference circuits featuring dynamic-threshold MOS transistors. The first bandgap reference circuit aims at application in low-voltage, low-power ICs that tolerate medium accuracy. The circuit runs at supply voltages down to 0.85 V while consuming only 1 /spl mu/W; the die area is 0.063 mm/sup 2/ in a standard digital 0.35-/spl mu/m CMOS process. The second bandgap reference circuit aims at high accuracy operation (/spl sigma/=0.3%) without trimming. It consumes approximately 5 /spl mu/W from a 1.8-V supply voltage and occupies 0.06 mm/sup 2/ in a standard 0.35-/spl mu/m CMOS process.