gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Acceleration Factors in Acceleration Life Test of Thermal Oxides on 4H-SiC Wafers (2007)

Acceleration factors in acceleration life test of thermal oxides grown on 4H-SiC(0001) wafers and influences of dislocations on oxide reliability have been investigated using time-dependent dielectric breakdown measurements. The thermal oxides are formed by dry oxidation at 1200°C followed by annealing in nitrogen atmosphere. Then, post oxidation annealing in wet ambient at 950°C or hydrogen atmosphere at 800°C were carried out for some of the oxides. Aluminum or poly-Si films with thickness of 300 nm were formed as gate electrodes. The temperature dependence of time-to-breakdown (tBD) indicates that activation energy (Ea) values for the Al-gate and Poly-Si-gate thermal oxides are 0.59 eV - 0.79 eV and 0.34 eV - 0.72 eV, respectively. Analyzing the electric field dependence of tBD, it was indicated that the values of electric acceleration parameters (β) are 2.7 cm/MV - 7.0 cm/MV and 5.8 cm/MV - 7.1 cm/MV for the Al-gate and poly-Si-gate thermal oxides, respectively. In addition, the charge-to-breakdown decreases with increase in the density of basal plane dislocation.
Deposition and Properties of the Pseudobinary Alloy (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>)<sub>x</sub>(TiO<sub>2</sub>)<sub>1-x</sub> and Its Application for Silicon Surface Passivation (2006)

The electrical properties of (Al 2 O 3 ) x (TiO 2 ) 1- x thin films, obtained from sol solution by spin coating on Si substrates (c-Si or mc-Si), have been studied. By varying the ratios between Al 2 O 3 and TiO 2 components, the optical and dielectric characteristics can be changed. This deposition method can be used for effective engineering of physical properties of the dielectric layer. Surface recombination velocities as low as 150 cm/s have been obtained using (Al 2 O 3 ) x (TiO 2 ) 1- x layers on 1 Ω·cm Czochralski (CZ) silicon wafers. Low surface recombination is achieved by field induced surface passivation due to a high density of negative fixed charges.
Some characteristics of Co2-laser-induced multiple spark breakdown at pressures up to 11 atm (1975)

A study has been made of the visible breakdown plasma produced by focusing single TEA CO2 laser pulses 200 nsec wide with salt lenses of 16- and 22-cm focal lengths in argon, helium, neon-helium, and nitrogen at pressures up to 11 atm. Pulse energies ranged from 0.9 to 11 J, with a maximum intensity at the 1-mm focal diameter of 6.6×109 W/cm2. At this incident intensity, well above the breakdown threshold, the main breakdown plasma in argon occurred well upstream of the focus and its multiple structure extended over 5–9 cm. In the focal region only a few isolated sparks were seen. At incident powers closer to threshold, the breakdown occurred closer to, or at, the focus, and migrated upstream toward the laser as the pressure was increased. The spatial structure of the breakdown plasma as seen by time-integrated photography, and the temporal development, monitored by photon drag observations of the transmitted power pulse, were studied with various gases, pressures, and incident pulse energies. A description of the breakdown process is offered which accounts for many of its features, especially the absence of breakdown in the focal region.
Agnostic federated learning (2019)

A key learning scenario in large-scale applications is that of federated learning, where a centralized model is trained based on data originating from a large number of clients. We argue that, with the existing training and inference, federated models can be biased towards different clients. Instead, we propose a new framework of agnostic federated learning, where the centralized model is optimized for any target distribution formed by a mixture of the client distributions. We further show that this framework naturally yields a notion of fairness. We present data-dependent Rademacher complexity guarantees for learning with this objective, which guide the definition of an algorithm for agnostic federated learning. We also give a fast stochastic optimization algorithm for solving the corresponding optimization problem, for which we prove convergence bounds, assuming a convex loss function and hypothesis set. We further empirically demonstrate the benefits of our approach in several datasets. Beyond federated learning, our framework and algorithm can be of interest to other learning scenarios such as cloud computing, domain adaptation, drifting, and other contexts where the training and test distributions do not coincide.
A system which allows students to explore algorithms (1977)

Radial-GRIN rod lenses of titanium doped silica have been prepared by a solgel process using metal alkoxides. The obtained rods with parabolic index distribution give high efficiency in coupling with optical fibers as well as good image resolution. Moreover they exhibit good stability in an adverse environment such as high temperature, high humidity, and strong radiation.
The Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Interactions Between Buprenorphine/Naloxone and Elvitegravir/Cobicistat in Subjects Receiving Chronic Buprenorphine/Naloxone Treatment (2013)

The addition of EVG/COBI to stabilized patients receiving buprenorphine/naloxone modestly increased buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine levels without affecting the opioid pharmacodynamics.
ACTIVATION OF ALUMINIUM BY URANIUM (2010)

The research into the activation of materials used for accelerator components is performed at GSI as a part of studies selecting appropriate materials for FAIR. The project Verification of Monte Carlo transport codes: FLUKA, MARS and SHIELD was started in the frame of these studies. Series of irradiations were completed already. This paper presents the results of irradiation of aluminium targets with uranium. Experimentally achieved depth profiles of nuclides' production rates and the stopping range of primary ions are compared with simulations. Correspondences and discrepancies of the experiment with the simulations are discussed.
Average Case Analysis of Multichannel Thresholding (2007)

This paper introduces p-thresholding, an algorithm to compute simultaneous sparse approximations of multichannel signals over redundant dictionaries. We work out both worst case and average case recovery analyses of this algorithm and show that the latter results in much weaker conditions on the dictionary. Numerical simulations confirm our theoretical findings and show that p-thresholding is an interesting low complexity alternative to simultaneous greedy or convex relaxation algorithms for processing sparse multichannel signals with balanced coefficients.
Kinetics and Transport Phenomena in Biological Reactor Design (1983)

The application of chemical engineering principles is useful in an analysis of the design and operation of bioreactors. However, classical approaches to the analysis are limited by the following special constraints: 1. The reactant mixture is relatively complex. Microbial biomass increases with the biochemical transformation and catalyst is synthesized as the reactions proceed. 2. The bulk densities of suspended microbial cells and substrate particles generally approach those of their liquid environment so that relative flow between the dispersed and continuous phases is normall low. This situation may be conetrasted to the relatively heavy metallic catalyst particles generally used in chemical reactors. 3. The sizes of single microbial cells are very small (in the range of a few microns) compared to chemical catalyst particles: coupled with the above constraints it is generally difficult to promote high velocities and turbulent-flows conditions 4. Polymeric substrates or metabolites and mycelial growth often produce very
SIRT1 Deficiency in endothelial progenitor cells drives pro-senescent microparticles release through MKK6 upregulation (2016)

International audience
An efficient and flat-gain Erbium-doped fiber amplifier in the region of 1550 nm to 1590 nm (2008)

A flat gain erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) operating in the 1550 nm to 1590 nm region is demonstrated. The EDFA uses only a15m EDF as opposed to a standard L-band EDFA which requires significantly longer EDF lengths. The EDF is fabricated using a Modified Chemical Vapor Deposition process in conjunction with a solution doping technique. The NA, cut-off wavelength and erbium ion concentration of the fiber are obtained at 0.15, 998 nm and 900 ppm respectively. The gain of the EDFA is flattened to a level of about 12 dB with a gain variation of less than 3 dB over a range from 1550 to 1590 nm with a 1480nm pump at 90mW. This amplifier operates on the energy transfer of the quasi-two-level system, whereby the C-band energy acts as a pump for the population inversion required for gain at the longer wavelength. The noise figure at the flat gain region varies from 6 to 8.5 dB.
Pd(0) and Ni(0) catalyzed polymerization reactions (1992)

Abstract Three novel metal catalyzed cross‐coupling polymerization reactions which result in carbon‐carbon bond formation are described and discussed in context with other metal catalyzed cross‐coupling polymerization reactions. Diarylacetylene monomers and dimers are prepared by the phase transfer Pd(0)/Cu(I) catalyzed coupling of aryl halides with 2‐methyl‐3‐butyn‐2‐ol. Aryl‐alkyl bond forming polymerization reactions are achieved by the phase transfer Pd(0) catalyzed coupling of B‐alkyl‐9‐borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane derivatives with aryl halides. Soluble polyphenylenes are prepared by the Ni(0) catalyzed homocoupling of substituted phenylenebistriflates in the presence of zinc.
Recent advances in photovoltaic concentrator technology (1988)

Photovoltaic concentrator technology is experiencing rapid, significant advances in efficiency, cost and reliability which make it a leading candidate to add to the nation's electrical generating capacity in the next decade. This paper reviews the development path being pursued by the Department of Energy program to achieve its near-term energy cost goals and to transfer this technology to the private sector. The paper summarizes the research status of concentrator cells, components, modules and arrays. System reliability is also discussed in the context of a new reliability program.
Advances in Radiation-Tolerant Solar Arrays for SEP Missions (2007)

As the power levels of commercial communications satellites reach the 20 kWe and higher, new options begin to emerge for transferring the satellite from LEO to GEO. In the past electric propulsion has been demonstrated successfully for this mission - albeit under unfortunate circumstances when the kick motor failed. The unexpected use of propellant for the electric propulsion (EP) system compromised the life of that vehicle, but did demonstrate the viability of such an approach. Replacing the kick motor on a satellite and replacing that mass by additional propellant for the EP system as well as mass for additional revenue-producing transponders should lead to major benefits for the provider. Of course this approach requires that the loss in solar array power during transit of the Van Allen radiation belts is not excessive and still enables the 15 to 20 year mission life. In addition, SEP missions to Jupiter, with its exceptional radiation belts, would mandate a radiation-resistant solar array to compete with a radioisotope alternative. Several critical issues emerge as potential barriers to this approach: reducing solar array radiation damage, operating the array at high voltage (>300 V) for extended times for Hall or ion thrusters, designing an array that will be resistant to micrometeoroid impacts and the differing environmental conditions as the vehicle travels from LEO to GEO (or at Jupiter), producing an array that is light weight to preserve payload mass fraction - and to do this at a cost that is lower than today's arrays. This paper will describe progress made to date on achieving an array that meets all these requirements and is also useful for deep space electric propulsion missions.
[Thoughts and practice on the development of cardiovascular discipline in county hospitals in China]. (2019)

随着心血管疾病发患者数增加和分级诊疗的强化，心血管学科已成为县级医院能力建设的重点。县级医院心血管学科的发展方向与大型医疗机构存在明显差异。县域心血管学科的定位必须与本地区的实际情况相结合，其发展路径应遵循以下4个步骤：从提升县域亟须的心血管疾病诊疗技术入手，以建设覆盖院前、院内、院后的心血管学科体系为基础，带动心血管相关学科共同发展，最终形成县乡村一体化的心血管及相关疾病的协同防治体系。.
GSM/GPRS Bearers Efficiency Analysis for Machine Type Communications (2012)

Short Message Service (SMS) over circuit switched (CS), Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD) and GPRS are the main bearers to support different Machine Type Communications (MTC) over a 2G network. Communications of a large amount of Machine to Machine (M2M) terminals may have a significant impact on worldwide deployed 2G networks. This paper compares the efficiency for each of the 2G bearers when M2M terminals perform mobile originated (MO) data calls under a predefined M2M application. The efficiency of each bearer is evaluated at Layers 2 (L2) and 3 (L3) by the ratio of user data payload to the total L3 messages and by the amount of M2M terminals the radio interface can support within one hour. Results show that USSD is the most efficient bearer in L3. When considering L2 messages in radio interface, GPRS proves to be the most efficient bearer.
Premature Ventricular Contraction Variability in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/Cardiomyopathy (2014)

Statistically significant variation between 24-hour PVC counts is present in the ARVD/C population. However, 24-hour ECG monitoring was sufficient to identify 89.6% of 24-hour periods to the correct grouping based on 2010 Task Force Criteria.
Diagnostic Efficacy of the Combined Use of Computed Tomography with Plasma Thrombin-antithrombin III Complex and D-Dimer for Deep Vein Thrombosis (2002)

われわれは深部静脈血栓症（DVT）の診断を一般に普及させる目的でCT画像を用いた簡易検査法を開発してきた．今回，診断精度をさらに向上させるため，血液凝固検査を組み合わせて検討した．片側性の急性下肢腫脹患者32例を対象とし，大腿部の単純CTより患側と健側の大腿筋束断面積比（FMR）を求め，TAT，D-D値と比較した．FMR1.2以上の群（I群），FMR1.1以上1.2未満あるいはTATまたはD-Dが高値の群（II群），FMR1.1未満でかつTATおよびD-D値が正常な群（III群）に分けて検討した．I群はすべて（20/20）DVT，II群は6/9にDVTが存在，III群は0/3でDVTはなかった（感度76.9％，特異度100.0％，精度81.3％，有効度1.77）．
63-jährige Patientin mit Weichteildefekten beider Unterschenkel (2013)

Eine 63-jährige Patientin wurde mit seit Monaten bestehenden und jetzt progredienten Weichteildefekten beider Unterschenkel zur chirurgischen Versorgung aufgenommen. Bei Aufnahme bestand kein Fieber, labordiagnostisch lag der CRP-Wert bei 6 mg/l, Blutdruck bei 110/65 mmHg und Puls bei 80/min. Die Vigilanz der Patientin war eingeschränkt bei demenziellem Syndrom. Eine Alkoholabhängigkeit mit chronischer Pankreatitis (Lipase > 800 U/l) sowie eine pAVK IV war bei der Patientin bekannt. Ein Urothelkarzinom der Harnblase war zum Zeitpunkt der Aufnahme urologisch/onkologisch stabil kontrolliert. <b>Die Unterschenkel der Patientin zeigen einen pathologischen Befund</b>.
Decarboxylation of Malonic Acid in Quinoline and Related Media (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDecarboxylation of Malonic Acid in Quinoline and Related MediaGideon Fraenkel, R. Linn Belford, and Peter E. YankwichCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 1, 15–18Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01630a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01630a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views342Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Human platelet aggregation by murine monoclonal antiplatelet antibodies is subtype-dependent (1993)

Twenty murine monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) generated against different human platelet antigens induced clumping of human platelets in plasma and buffer. Whereas one MoAb could agglutinate platelets, clumping for 19 MoAbs was blocked by metabolic inhibitors, indicating that these induce platelet activation. Fifteen MoAbs were of IgG1, two of IgG2a, and two of IgG2b subtype. F(ab')2 fragments of these did not evoke an aggregatory response, but specifically inhibited aggregations by and binding of their respective intact MoAbs to platelets. Single-platelet counting technology indicated that the MoAbs bind through their antigen-binding and Fc domains mainly to the surface of the same platelet, rather than cause interplatelet-binding. Despite these similarities, the mechanism of action was nevertheless subtype-dependent. Aggregation induced by all IgG1 antibodies could consistently be prevented by blocking the Fc gamma II-receptor, whereas aggregations induced by all IgG2 antibodies still occurred with blocked Fc-receptor, provided functional complement was present. We therefore conclude that platelet activation by MoAb-binding is initiated by antigen recognition followed by an Fc domain-dependent step, which involves the Fc gamma II-receptor for IgG1-type MoAbs and complement-binding for IgG2-type MoAbs. Thus, antibodies of different subtypes can aggregate platelets via different pathways.
Notes on spiders from southeastern Utah (1928)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Analog Front-End (2007)

The functions in the Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) analog frontend (AFE) can be grouped into three general areas: transmitter, receiver, and hybrid. The transmitter transforms the digital representation of the transmit signal into a form that can be launched into the twisted-pair cable. The receiver senses the signal being transmitted from the far end of the loop and digitizes it such that it can be processed, i.e., demodulated, by the digital section. The hybrid couples the receiver and transmitter to the line to minimize the amount of transmit signal superimposed on the receive signal.
Comparison of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and bone metabolism mediators around titanium and zirconia dental implant abutments following a minimum of 6 months of clinical function (2014)

No significant differences in pro-inflammatory cytokine or bone metabolism mediator profiles were observed biochemically, with the exception of leptin, for the abutment biomaterials of titanium or zirconia The molecular PICF findings support the observed clinical biocompatibility of both titanium and zirconia abutments.
Sp alpha I/78: a mutation of the alpha I spectrin domain in a white kindred with HE and HPP phenotypes (1989)

Limited tryptic digestion of spectrin (Sp) from seven related individuals manifesting hereditary elliptocytosis (HE) or hereditary pyropoikilocytosis (HPP) phenotypes revealed the presence of a novel peptide with a molecular weight of 78 Kd and a concomitant decrease in the alpha I domain (80-Kd peptide), which is the domain involved in the dimer self-association process. Sp from the normal members of this white family exhibited a normal peptide pattern, as compared with controls. The abnormal peptide pattern was associated with a decreased ability of Sp dimer to self-associate. In this kindred in which three generations were available for study, the clinical manifestations were quite variable and ranged from the asymptomatic HE carrier state to hemolytic HE or to severe anemia requiring splenectomy. The severity of the disease appeared to be correlated both with the amount of mutant spectrin (31% to 69%) and with the excess of the Sp dimer found in the membrane (26% to 60%, compared with a normal value of 5.6% +/- 2.2%). Partial amino acid sequencing showed that the alpha I/78-Kd peptide resulted from cleavage at lysine residue 10 of the alpha I/80-Kd domain. Knowledge of the exon/intron structure of cloned genomic DNA encoding the alpha I domain allowed us to amplify in vitro a DNA fragment containing the third exon of the alpha-spectrin gene. The amplified fragment was subcloned and sequenced. A G to T transversion was found in the 39th codon (AGT for AGG), which changed the normal arginine to a serine. Hybridization of amplified DNAs with allele-specific oligonucleotides corresponding to the normal and mutant sequences confirmed the presence of the mutation in three other HE members of the family (the propositus mother, brother, and sister).
Illumination sensitive dynamic virtual sets (2007)

We describe a novel motion capture method that is sensitive to incident illumination. We will demonstrate the corresponding system at Emerging Technologies at Siggraph 2007. In this sketch, we focus on the key technical and implementation contributions involved in building a real-time special effects system where a prop is turned into a virtual sword with appropriate orientation and incident illumination.
Differential cellular analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained at various stages during the development of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in the rat. (1982)

The purpose of this study was to analyze the cellular components of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid throughout the development of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in the rat. Animals were killed and lavaged at various times after the administration of a single intratracheal injection of bleomycin. The results demonstrate that a significant influx of inflammatory cells appear in the lavage fluid as early as Day 1 after bleomycin treatment. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes are the first cells to appear and significant concentrations persist for as long as 1 month after bleomycin treatment. There is a very transient yet significant influx of eosinophils on Day 7 after bleomycin treatment. Lymphocytes are present from 3 to 14 days after bleomycin treatment; greater than 97% are T-cells and less than 3% are B-cells. There is a 1:1 ratio of W3/25+ cells (helper cell activity) to OX8+ cells (suppressor cell activity) comprising the lymphocyte population. The blood and lymphoid tissue of these animals contain a normal 2:1 ratio of these subsets. The data demonstrate that specific T-cell populations are present in the air spaces of the lung in response to bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in this model.