gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Radioprotective Effect of Red Ginseng in Irradiated Mice with High and Low Dose of Radiation (1998)

Studies were performed to determine the effect of Korean red ginseng (extract powder, spray-dried), it is made of choice 6-year-old raw ginseng roots, and processed by steaming and drying, on jejunal crypt survival, endogenous spleen colony formation, and apoptosis in jejunal crypt cells of irradiated mice. Jejunal crypts were protected by pretreatment of red ginseng (1 mg/head, single I.P. at 24hours before irradiation, p
Phosphorylation of connexin 43 induced by traumatic brain injury promotes exosome release (2017)

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) caused by the external force leads to the neuronal dysfunction and even death. TBI has been reported to significantly increase the phosphorylation of glial gap junction protein connexin 43 (Cx43), which in turn propagates damages into surrounding brain tissues. However, the neuroprotective and anti-apoptosis effects of glia-derived exosomes have also been implicated in recent studies. Therefore, we detected whether TBI-induced phosphorylation of Cx43 would promote exosome release in rat brain. To generate TBI model, adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to lateral fluid percussion injury. Phosphorylated Cx43 protein levels and exosome activities were quantified using Western blot analysis following TBI. Long-term potentiation (LTP) was also tested in rat hippocampal slices. TBI significantly increased the phosphorylated Cx43 and exosome markers expression in rat ipsilateral hippocampus, but not cortex. Blocking the activity of Cx43 or ERK, but not JNK, significantly suppressed TBI-induced exosome release in hippocampus. Furthermore, TBI significantly inhibited the induction of LTP in hippocampal slices, which could be partially but significantly restored by pretreatment with exosomes. The results imply that TBI-activated Cx43 could mediate a nociceptive effect by propagating the brain damages, as well as a neuroprotective effect by promoting exosome release. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We have demonstrated in rat traumatic brain injury (TBI) models that both phosphorylated connexin 43 (p-Cx43) expression and exosome release were elevated in the hippocampus following TBI. The promoted exosome release depends on the phosphorylation of Cx43 and requires ERK signaling activation. Exosome treatment could partially restore the attenuated long-term potentiation. Our results provide new insight for future therapeutic direction on the functional recovery of TBI by promoting p-Cx43-dependent exosome release but limiting the gap junction-mediated bystander effect.
만성질환 아동을 둔 가족의 심리적 적응에 관한 가족 탄력성 모형의 검증 (2004)

본 연구에서는 만성질환 아동 가족의 심리적 적응 과정을 밝힌 McCubbin과 McCubbin(1993)의 매개 모형(mediated model)이 한국의 경우에도 적용이 되는지를 공 변량 구조모형 접근법(covariance structure modeling approach)을 적용하여 검증하였다. 본 연구의 모형에서의 가설은 아동의 만성 질환으로 인한 가족 긴장도는 가족의 인지적 평가, 가족 내구력, 사회적지지 및 문제 해결 적 의사소통의 매개를 거쳐 가족 적응을 예언한다는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 만성 질환 아동을 둔 209가족을 대상으로 가족 내 긴장도, 인지 평가, 가족 내구력, 사회적 지지, 문제 해결을 위한 의사소통, 가족 적응을 측정하기 위하여 설문지 조사 방법을 사용하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 구조 방정식 모형 접근 방법을 사용하여 분석되었다. 네 가지 대안 모형들이 제안 및 검증되었으나, 모두 부적합함이 입증됨으로써 가설적 매개 모형을 지지해주었다. 연구 결과는 본 매개 모형이 만성 질환 아동을 둔 가족의 심리적 적응을 설명하는데 적합하다는 것을 보여주고 있다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 의의와 제한점이 논의되었다.
Failure of vaccines to protect salmon from vibriosis enzootic in Puget Sound, Washington. (1976)

Juvenile chinook salmon in fresh water were vaccinated either orally or parenterally with heat- or formalin-killed bacterins prepared with Vibrio anguillarum. Subsequent exposure to naturally occuring vibriosis in the marine waters of Puget Sound (Washington State) indicated that no protection resulted. It was demonstrated, however, that protection could be achieved with the passive transfer of immune serum.
The effect of glucan--a host resistance activator--and ampicillin on experimental intraabdominal sepsis. (1982)

Glucan, a beta-1-3-polyglucosidic component of the cell wall of Saccharomyces cervisiae, was evaluated for its ability to influence the survival rate in rats with induced intraabdominal sepsis. To mimic closely the human bacteriological intestinal flora, the rats, in 4 groups each of 15 animals, were fed a lean meat diet. Intraabdominal sepsis was induced by resecting 1 cm of the intestine and reimplanting it in the abdominal cavity, reestablishing intestinal continuity by one-layer end-to-end anastomosis. The rats were injected with glucan, isovolumetric saline, and ampicillin or glucan plus ampicillin. The results indicate a significant decrease in mortality in the group treated with ampicillin compared with the group treated with saline only. The group treated with glucan plus ampicillin differed significantly from the group given ampicillin. The bacterial flora was not qualitatively influenced by glucan administration. It is concluded that glucan, in combination with ampicillin, has a significant effect on the survival rate of rats with induced peritonitis, probably by enhancing the activities of the reticuloendothelial system--an important part of the total host resistance.
Ubiquitous Computing for the Public. (2005)

Despite the progress made in Ubiquitous Computing since it was first envisaged back in 1987 [1], its use is still isolated to the research community. In this paper, we present why we feel the use of off-the-shelf mobile information devices may aid in bringing ubiquitous computing to the public. We also outline an ongoing project that we are undertaking in hope to introduce ubiquitous computing to a wider audience together with some preliminary results.
Dynamic modelling and control of wheeled mobile robots theory and experiment (2002)

Very little experimental investigation has been reported in the recent research in dynamic modelling and control of wheeled mobile robots (WMR). To address the issue of experimentation several prototype vehicles (CONCIC I to III) have been built to supplement the research program at the Centre for Industrial Control of Concordia University in this area. The paper concentrates on the latest development of CONCIC III. A control strategy is proposed for path tracking and its implementation. Some initial but promising results obtained from the dynamic model and experimental data are presented, showing the accuracy of the dynamic model as well as the effectiveness of the control algorithm.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Epidermal Growth Factor in Protection, Repair, and Healing of Gastroduodenal Mucosa (1991)

Gastrointestinal mucosa is one of the most rapidly proliferating tissues in the body and the alteration in the balance between cell regeneration and cell loss may lead to mucosal lesions and ulcerations. Mucosal growth is under the influence of various growth factors, among which epidermal growth factor (EGF) and polyamines seem to play a crucial role. EGF is produced in large quantities in salivary and pancreatic glands and secreted mainly into the gut lumen and partly released into the bloodstream from where it is cleared by the kidneys and excreted into the urine as urogastrone. The physiological role of EGF is still under active investigations but it appears that EGF may be required for the maintenance of mucosal integrity and healing of mucosal defects due to its accumulation in the lesion area and local stimulation of healing processes. The mechanism of protective and ulcer healing effects of EGF involves the activation of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), the key enzyme in the biosynthesis of polyamines, which play a crucial role in the growth-promoting action of EGF. Substances that affect the generation and/or catabolism of polyamines affect the gastroprotective and ulcer healing effect of EGF but not that of exogenous polyamines. Mucosal generation of protective prostaglandins appears to be essential mainly for the gastro-protective effects of EGF but seem to be of little importance in the healing effects of EGF on acute and chronic gastroduodenal ulcerations.
Rapid determination of antifungal activity by flow cytometry (1994)

We have developed a rapid assay of antifungal activity which utilizes flow cytometry to detect accumulation of a vital dye in drug-damaged fungal cells. Results of these studies suggest that flow cytometry may provide an improved, rapid method for determining and comparing the antifungal activities of compounds with differing modes of action.
Human Embryonic Stem Cells May Be Toxicology's New Best Friends (2005)

The most immediate medical benefit of human embryonic stem cells could be better toxicology studies.
Measurement of Bile Salt Hydrolase Activity from Lactobacillus acidophilus Based on Disappearance of Conjugated Bile Salts (1999)

Bile salt hydrolase activity of Lactobacillus acidophilus was measured based on the disappearance of sodium glycocholate and sodium taurocholate from the reaction mixture using HPLC. The amount of sodium glycocholate and sodium taurocholate that disappeared was proportional to the amount of sodium cholate that appeared in the mixture as detected by HPLC. Sodium glycocholate did not precipitate at the enzyme reaction conditions (37 degrees C and pH 5.4) for determining bile salt hydrolase activity. The bile salt hydrolase assay was insensitive to low oxidation-reduction potential when measuring bile salt hydrolase from L. acidophilus, an intestinal microorganism. However, EDTA and freezing temperatures were necessary to maintain stability of the partially purified enzyme during storage.
Development of a new glaucoma drainage device (2001)

Glaucoma filtration surgery has been shown to be more effective at preventing disease progression than other primary treatment modalities in open angle glaucoma. If it were possible to avoid complications associated with poor flow control, primary glaucoma filtration surgery would probably be offered more widely. Trabeculectomy, the procedure of choice in conventional glaucoma filtration surgery, has remained essentially unchanged tor over a quarter of a century. Local control over wound healing with antimetabolite agents such as 5-tluorouracil and mitomycin C has improved the prognosis for cases with high risk of filtration failure; but flow control remains imprecise despite the introduction of a variety of suture adjustment techniques. Glaucoma drainage devices have the potential to regulate flow consistently, eliminating hypotony after surgery. Design, material, and manufacturing deficiencies have left this potential unfulfilled in existing glaucoma drainage devices, all of which exhibit problems with poor flow control and suboptimal tissue compatibility. This thesis will examine whether a new flow resistor produced by excimer laser ablation in a polymer substrate and a new external glaucoma drainage device design could prevent hypotony in a series of in vitro experiments and a limited in vivo study. It will also investigate whether phosphorylcholine coating of polymethyl methacrylate can reduce the adhesion of cells and proteins compared to current biomaterials used in the construction of glaucoma drainage devices.
EPR-based URD insulation: a question of confidence (1988)

Concern about the possibility of failure of miles of medium voltage (15-35 kV) underground residential distribution (URD) power cable is discussed. This concern centers on the cable specification decisions that were made years ago an the consequences of cable failure and subsequent replacement. The factors that degrade URD are recalled. Choice of insulation material is discussed. The effects of thermal conductivity and thermal expansion are examined. Accelerated cable life test (ACLT) results are considered in the context of the debate over ACLT vs. underground testing. It is concluded that ethylene-propylene rubber (EPR) has performance characteristics that permit cables to be used successfully under conditions of electrical stress, heat, and moisture, and that outstanding performance in ACLTs of cables insulated with EPR-based compounds is obtained.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Diffusing-wave spectroscopy in randomly inhomogeneous media with spatially localized scatterer flows (1998)

Multiple scattering of laser radiation in a randomly inhomogeneous turbid medium with a spatially localized flow of particles is studied. The time autocorrelation function of backscattered light is calculated for the case of a laminar flow of scatterers in a cylindrical capillary embedded in the medium. A new method is proposed and tested experimentally for determining the position of the dynamic region and the dominant form and characteristic velocity of the particle motion there.
Burst detection using hydraulic data from water distribution systems with artificial neural networks (2006)

This paper presents research into the application of artificial neural networks (ANNs) for analysis of data from sensors measuring hydraulic parameters (flow and pressure) of the water flow in treated water distribution systems. Two neural architectures (static and time delay) are applied for time series pattern classification from the perspective of detecting leakage. Results are presented using data from an experimental site in a distribution system of a UK water company in which bursts were simulated by hydrant flushing. Field trials have shown how ANNs can be used effectively for a leakage detection task. Both static and time delay ANNs learned patterns of leaks/bursts. The time delay neural network showed improved performance over the static network. It is concluded that the effectiveness of an ANN in discovering relationships within the data is dependent upon two key factors: availability of sufficient exemplars and data quality.
New corner rounding process for sub-0.15 μm shallow trench isolation (2003)

To obtain a top corner rounding in the Shallow Trench Isolation (STI) process with a hard mask, a new etching spacer and Si soft etching for an useful top corner process is evaluated. This technique utilizes the oxide rounding and, thus, effectively suppresses the inverse narrow width effect due to the stress reduction at the top corner and the less interface influence between active and field oxide. Also this technique showed no degradation of junction leakage current and less profile micro-loading effect compared with the conventional resist mask process. As a result, it has been found that this technique is very effective for sub-0.15 /spl mu/m STI formation.
Building a Sequence Stratigraphic Framework from HorizonCube and Well Data (2012)

To build an accurate subsurface sequence stratigraphic framework, an interpreter ideally needs to correlate all seismic events with available well data. Without a (semi-)automated correlation approach, such a workflow is not feasible. In this article, we present a workflow that integrates seismic data and well data through a HorizonCube, a dense set of auto-tracked seismic events. The mapped events are simultaneously analysed in the relative geologic time (Wheeler) domain and in the structural domain. Among others, HorizonCube derived attributes are extracted to help analyse relative changes in sedimentation rate, base level variations, depositional trends and geomorphologic patterns. All extracted information is collectively interpreted and calibrated to well data. The workflow is illustrated in two subsurface case studies representing a fluvio-deltaic and a mixed silliciclastic-carbonate settings.
An Analysis of Hamstring Strains and Their Rehabilitation (1987)

The recurrent hamstring strain is a problem that is dealt with at all levels of athletics. The complex action of the hamstrings, as evident by EMG data, as well as a poor understanding of the mechanism of injury, are possible reasons for this high rate of reinjury. Another possible cause deals with the rehabilitation protocol utilized in treating this injury. Early controlled motion and specific exercises designed to apply to the unique characteristics of the hamstring muscles are necessary to completely rehabilitate the athlete and successfully prevent a recurrence. This program must include a progressive resumption of activity with an emphasis on high speed movements. A model hamstring rehabilitation program is proposed. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1987;9(2):77-85.
The challenge of NDU v. PDU (1994)

We knew it would happen. Some months ago you published a very interesting paper describing the difference between a nursing development unit (NDU) and a practice development unit (PDU) (Practice development units: the next step?, Clinical, December 1 1993).
Automatic feature selection by regularization to improve bug prediction accuracy (2017)

Bug prediction has been a hot research topic for the past two decades, during which different machine learning models based on a variety of software metrics have been proposed. Feature selection is a technique that removes noisy and redundant features to improve the accuracy and generalizability of a prediction model. Although feature selection is important, it adds yet another step to the process of building a bug prediction model and increases its complexity. Recent advances in machine learning introduce embedded feature selection methods that allow a prediction model to carry out feature selection automatically as part of the training process. The effect of these methods on bug prediction is unknown. In this paper we study regularization as an embedded feature selection method in bug prediction models. Specifically, we study the impact of three regularization methods (Ridge, Lasso, and ElasticNet) on linear and Poisson Regression as bug predictors for five open source Java systems. Our results show that the three regularization methods reduce the prediction error of the regressors and improve their stability.
Bryostatin 1 activates protein kinase C and induces monocytic differentiation of HL-60 cells (1988)

Phorbol esters induce the human HL-60 promyelocytic cell line to differentiate along a monocytic pathway. This induction of differentiation may involve phorbol ester-induced activation of the phospholipid- and calcium-dependent protein kinase C. Bryostatin 1, a macrocyclic lactone, has been shown to compete with phorbol esters for binding to protein kinase C. We have confirmed that bryostatin 1 translocates activity of protein kinase C from the cytosolic to membrane fractions of HL-60 cells. The present results also demonstrate that bryostatin 1 (10 nmol/L) induces monocytic differentiation of HL- 60 cells as determined by adherence, growth inhibition, appearance of monocyte cell surface antigens, and alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase staining. Furthermore, bryostatin 1 (10 nmol/L) downregulated c-myc expression and induced c-fos, c-fms, and tumor necrosis factor transcripts. These changes in gene expression induced by bryostatin 1 are similar to those associated with phorbol ester-induced monocytic differentiation of HL-60 cells. In contrast, exposure to a higher concentration of bryostatin 1 (100 nmol/L) had less of an effect on growth inhibition of HL-60 cells and changes in gene expression. Moreover, 100 nmol/L bryostatin 1 antagonized the cytostatic effects and adherence induced by phorbol esters. Our results thus suggest that bryostatin 1 activates HL-60 cell protein kinase C and that this effect is associated with induction of monocytic differentiation.
Active Voltage Control of IGBTs for High Power Applications (2004)

The operation of an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) in its active region is a well established technique for withstanding short circuits and also for dv/dt control. In this paper, we exploit the active behavior of the IGBT, applying a voltage feedback loop to the IGBT to control its switching. It is shown that adding a bias to the demand reference waveform shifts the IGBT into the active region and permits wide bandwidth operation over most of the switching transient. The operation of the IGBT is reported in detail, making reference to a selection of experimental waveforms for 400-A, 1700-V capsule IGBTs. The implementation required for control of such large IGBT modules and capsule devices for high power applications is described and discussed. It is concluded that the active voltage control method allows the operation of high power IGBT circuits to be closely defined.
Physiological Responses of Rainbow Trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) to Prolonged Exposure to Soft Water (1996)

Adult rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were acclimated to artifcial soft water to evaluate potential physiological responses compensating for the thickening of the blood-to-water diffusion barrier that is known to accompany branchial lamellar chloride cell proliferation. Indirect estimates of gill ventilation volumes using the Fick principle demonstrated pronounced hyperventilation in the softwater-acclimated fish (2,280 ± 434 mL min⁻¹ kg⁻¹) when compared to the control fish (1,217 ± 166 mL min⁻¹ kg⁻¹). Despite the hyperventilation, the soft-water-acclimated fish displayed significantly lowered arterial Po₂ values (93.7 ± 2.4 Torr [1 Torr = 133.32 Pa] vs. 102.5 ± 1.6 Torr); arterial Pco₂ was unaffected by acclimation to soft water. An in vitro radioisotopic assay was used to demonstrate that an intrinsic acceleration in the rate of HCO⁻₃ flux through the red blood cell and hence accelerated H₂CO₃ dehydration was not contributing to the maintenance of arterial Pco₂ in the soft-water-acclimated fish. The construction of blood O₂ equilibrium curves in vitro revealed an increased affinity of haemoglobin-O₂, binding in the soft-water-acclimated fish (P50 = 12.3 ± 1.3 Torr) when compared to the controls (17. 6 ± 0.9 Torr). In response to hypoxia (water Po₂ = 30 - 90 Torr), both groups of fish released catecholamines into the circulation. However, catecholamine release occurred at higher levels of water Po₂ (80 Torr compared to 50 Torr) in the soft-water-acclimated fish. The results demonstrate that prolonged exposure of rainbow trout to soft water promotes several physiological responses that may serve to alleviate or reduce the detrimental consequences of the thickened diffusion barrier elicited by chloride cell proliferation.
A Wireless Accelerometer-Based Body Posture Stability Detection System and Its Application for Meditation Practitioners (2012)

The practice of meditation has become an interesting research issue in recent decades. Meditation is known to be beneficial for health improvement and illness reduction and many studies on meditation have been made, from both the physiological and psychological points of view. It is a fundamental requirement of meditation practice to be able to sit without body motion. In this study, a novel body motion monitoring and estimation system has been developed. A wireless tri-axis accelerometer is used to measure body motion. Both a mean and maximum motion index is derived from the square summation of three axes. Two experiments were conducted in this study. The first experiment was to investigate the motion index baseline among three leg-crossing postures. The second experiment was to observe posture dynamics for thirty minute's meditation. Twenty-six subjects participated in the experiments. In one experiment, thirteen subjects were recruited from an experienced meditation group (meditation experience > 3 years); and the other thirteen subjects were beginners (meditation experience < 1 years). There was a significant posture stability difference between both groups in terms of either mean or maximum parameters (p < 0.05), according to the results of the experiment. Results from another experiment showed that the motion index is different for various postures, such as full-lotus < half-lotus < non-lotus.