gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The use of ancrod to prevent thrombosis on prosthetic heart valves: An experimental study (1970)

Ancrod (Arvin) on slow intravenous administration converts fibrinogen into fibrin at a rate which does not cause intravascular thrombosis. The fibrin is eliminated from the circulation and the blood is thus rendered incoagulable. To test the efficacy of ancrod in the prevention of thrombosis after prosthetic replacement of the heart valves, the tricuspid valve was replaced with a polypropylene mitral valve in 17 calves, using cardiopulmonary bypass. Five calves were eliminated from the study. Eleven calves were treated with ancrod, and one untreated calf was used as a control. Four out of five prosthetic valves in calves treated with ancrod for up to 72 hours were free of thrombus formation, and one out of three at one week. In the long-term study, fibrinogen titres rose after varying intervals, in spite of continual treatment with ancrod. This `escape9 of fibrinogen titres from the control of ancrod may be due to species resistance or to the development of immunity. Further study is in progress to elucidate this point and to gain further knowledge for the clinical application of ancrod.
Reaction of diborane with trimethylamine-alane and dimethylaminoalane (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReaction of diborane with trimethylamine-alane and dimethylaminoalanePhilip C. KellerCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1972, 11, 2, 256–258Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50108a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50108a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views125Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Iodine-catalyzed three component reaction: a novel synthesis of 2-aryl-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine scaffolds (2013)

A facile and efficient protocol for the synthesis of novel 2-aryl-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines has been developed via a one-pot reaction of aromatic aldehydes with 2-amino-5-chloropyridine and tert-butylisocyanide in the presence of I2 in ethanol at 70 °C. The present approach offers the advantages of a clean and simple methodology, high atom-economy, mild conditions, short reaction times, wide substrate scope, low environmental impact and high yield.
Statistical validation of the root-mean-square-distance, a measure of protein structural proximity (2007)

Despite its well-documented limitations, the root-mean-square-distance (rmsd) between pairs of equivalent atoms is routinely used to monitor the degree of similarity between two optimally superposed protein three-dimensional structures. A robust method for assessing the statistical significance of the difference between two rmsd values is presented here. It is based on the comparison of two protein structures through the correlation coefficient between equivalent inter-atomic distances and the subsequent application of the Fisher transformation that allows one to estimate the probability of identity between two correlation coefficient values. The relationship between the rmsd and Fisher correlation coefficient allows then to estimate the statistical significance of the difference between two rmsd values. Such a procedure is exemplified with the analysis of the possible classifications of the immunoglobulin-like domains of filamin and is compared to related estimations of structural similarity. The possibility to estimate the probability of the difference between two rmsd values can be used to optimize the protein structural classifications and comparisons, independent of the procedure used to derive the rmsds.
Quantum computing with an inhomogeneously broadened ensemble of ions: Suppression of errors from detuning variations by specially adapted pulses and coherent population trapping (2004)

The proposal for quantum computing with rare-earth-metal-ion qubits in inorganic crystals makes use of the inhomogeneous broadening of optical transitions in the ions to associate individual qubits with ions responding to radiation in selected frequency channels. We show that a class of Gaussian composite pulses and complex sech pulses provide accurate qubit $\ensuremath{\pi}$ rotations, which are at the same time channel selective on a 5 MHz frequency scale and tolerant to $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.5\mathrm{MHz}$ deviations of the transition frequency of ions within a single channel. Rotations in qubit space of arbitrary angles and phases are produced by sequences of $\ensuremath{\pi}$ pulses between the excited state of the ions and coherent superpositions of the qubit states.
中国旅游发展笔谈——旅游统计与数据分析（一）——国家旅游统计系统：旨在为制定明智的旅游政策和商业决策提供信息参考 (2016)

引言 成熟稳健的官方（2）国家旅游统计系统（STS）（3）能够生成可靠的数据和可靠的统计集合,对于进行明智的对话以及制定和做出以证据为基础的合理的公共政策和商业决策,从而实现旅游发展的预期效益至关重要。
Hypoxemia during One-lung Ventilation (2009)

When switching from two-lung to one-lung ventilation (OLV), shunt fraction increases, oxygenation is impaired, and hypoxemia may occur. Hypoxemia during OLV may be predicted from measurements of lung function, distribution of perfusion between the lungs, whether the right or the left lung is ventilated, and whether the operation will be performed in the supine or in the lateral decubitus position. Hypoxemia during OLV may be prevented by applying a ventilation strategy that avoids alveolar collapse while minimally impairing perfusion of the dependent lung. Choice of anesthesia does not influence oxygenation during clinical OLV. Hypoxemia during OLV may be treated symptomatically by increasing inspired fraction of oxygen, by ventilating, or by using continuous positive airway pressure in the nonventilated lung. Hypoxemia during OLV may be treated causally by correcting the position of the double-lumen tube, clearing the main bronchi of the ventilated lung from secretions, and improving the ventilation strategy.
Indoor GPS theory & implementation (2003)

A Global Positioning System (GPS) that works in cell-phones, and indoors, is the key to consumer applications that will dramatically improve our quality of life. GPS applications will do this by increasing two priceless resources: our security and our time. In this paper we outline the key applications of GPS in cell-phones and similar wireless devices. Most of these applications require the GPS to work indoors, and we provide an outline of the theory of indoor GPS, showing that GPS can indeed be made to work in most places that cell-phones work. Indoor GPS, or more precisely high-sensitivity GPS, is a combination of assisted-GPS (A-GPS) and massive parallel correlation. This paper describes both these components, with examples of each, and provides test results showing the theory in practice.
INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF SPORT SOCIOLOGY: VOLUME 5. Editor-in-Chief, Andrzej Wohl. Warsaw: Polish Scientific Publishers, 1970. 211 pp. $6.00 (1973)

INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF SPORT SOCIOLOGY: VOLUME 5. Editor-in-Chief, Andrzej Wohl. Warsaw: Polish Scientific Publishers, 1970. 211 pp. $6.00 Get access Harry Edwards Harry Edwards University of California, Berkeley Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, Volume 52, Issue 1, September 1973, Pages 137–138, https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/52.1.137 Published: 01 September 1973
Dowel Bar Optimization: Phases I and II (2001)

This research was conducted in order to compare the static performance of steel elliptical dowel bars to that of epoxy-coated dowel bars, which are currently in use in pavements today. Research was also done on the effect that dowel bar spacing has on the performance of concrete pavements. The objectives of phases I and II were to: (1) investigate the static behavior of steel elliptical and round epoxy-coated dowel bars; (2) investigate the failure modes of steel elliptical and round epoxy-coated dowel bars; (3) evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of elliptically shaped dowel bars for load transfer; (4) determine the effect of dowel bar spacing and projected load transfer efficiency; and (5) evaluate if variable spacing in combination with shape factor and bar size can optimize costs and constructability. The main objective of the research was to determine which dowel bar and spacing should be used for the testing during Phase III, a full-scale accelerated laboratory test.
Nonresponse Rates and Nonresponse Bias in Household Surveys (2006)

Journal Article Nonresponse Rates and Nonresponse Bias in Household Surveys Get access Robert M. Groves Robert M. Groves robert m. groves is professor and director, University of Michigan Survey Research Center, and research professor at the Joint Program in Survey Methodology. Support from the National Science Foundation (SES-0207435) is gratefully acknowledged. Ashley Bowers, Sungwoo Lim, and Emilia Peytcheva assisted in the compilation of the prior studies on nonresponse bias. The author appreciates comments on an earlier draft from Norman Bradburn, Michael Brick, Mick Couper, Cheryl Eavey, Hermann Habermann, Richard Lempert, Kristen Olson, Emilia Peytcheva, Stanley Presser, Trivellore Raghunathan, Eleanor Singer, Roger Tourangeau, Richard Valliant, and anonymous reviewers. Errors remaining and views expressed are the author's. Address correspondence to the author; e-mail: bgroves@isr.umich.edu. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Public Opinion Quarterly, Volume 70, Issue 5, 2006, Pages 646–675, https://doi.org/10.1093/poq/nfl033 Published: 01 January 2006
Thermal decomposition characteristics of DGEBA/MDA/GN system for insulating materials (2002)

In this study, the thermal decomposition activation energy of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A(DGEBA)/4,4'-methylene dianiline (MDA) system toughened with glutaronitrile (GN) was calculated by thermal decomposition characteristics and their thermal stability was estimated.
Selection and test of effective chelators for removal of heavy metals from contaminated soils (1995)

Heavy metal contamination of soil is a common problem at many hazardous waste sites. Chelating extraction of heavy metals has been proposed as a remediation technique for contaminated soils. A useful method was developed, which assessed 190 ligands for their ability in extraction and recovery of target metals, including cadmium, copper, lead, mercury, nickel, and zinc. Chelator performance was evaluated based on equilibrium calculations with an emphasis on the potential of recovering both the metals and chelating agents. Batch equilibration experiments over 24-h periods were performed to test three chelating agents, S-carboxymethyl-cysteine (SCMC), N-2-acetamidoiminodiacetic acid (ADA), and pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid (PDA), which were deemed suitable for the extraction of cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc from soil. All three chelators demonstrated high extraction capability toward their respective target metals across a wide range of pH, metal, and ligand concentrations. In addition, all three chelators exhibited good recovery potential at moderately elevated pH values. The potential of many chelating agents and their effective pH ranges in the remediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals are reported. Key words: heavy metal, soil, contamination, chelation, remediation.
A perspective of polyamine metabolism (2003)

Polyamines are essential for the growth and function of normal cells. They interact with various macromolecules, both electrostatically and covalently and, as a consequence, have a variety of cellular effects. The complexity of polyamine metabolism and the multitude of compensatory mechanisms that are invoked to maintain polyamine homoeostasis argue that these amines are critical to cell survival. The regulation of polyamine content within cells occurs at several levels, including transcription and translation. In addition, novel features such as the +1 frameshift required for antizyme production and the rapid turnover of several of the enzymes involved in the pathway make the regulation of polyamine metabolism a fascinating subject. The link between polyamine content and human disease is unequivocal, and significant success has been obtained in the treatment of a number of parasitic infections. Targeting the polyamine pathway as a means of treating cancer has met with limited success, although the development of drugs such as DFMO (alpha-difluoromethylornithine), a rationally designed anticancer agent, has revolutionized our understanding of polyamine function in cell growth and provided 'proof of concept' that influencing polyamine metabolism and content within tumour cells will prevent tumour growth. The more recent development of the polyamine analogues has been pivotal in advancing our understanding of the necessity to deplete all three polyamines to induce apoptosis in tumour cells. The current thinking is that the polyamine inhibitors/analogues may also be useful agents in the chemoprevention of cancer and, in this area, we may yet see a revival of DFMO. The future will be in adopting a functional genomics approach to identifying polyamine-regulated genes linked to either carcinogenesis or apoptosis.
The Value of Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS) in Surgical In-Patients: A Prospective Observational Study (2006)

The MEWS in association with a call-out algorithm is a useful and appropriate risk-management tool that should be implemented for all surgical in-patients.
Financing long-term care: employee needs and attitudes, and the employer's role. (1998)

Because of increasing life expectancies, high costs for nursing home and home health care, declining levels of informal family care, and the stated policy of the federal and state governments to foster self-reliance, individuals are increasingly exposed to the risk of financial ruin from long-term care (LTC) expenses. Yet, because of psychological barriers and aversions, particularly to thinking about residing in a nursing home, most individuals have not purchased LTC insurance. Hence, it may be the responsibility of employers to provide education to employees about LTC and to sponsor either individual or group plans of LTC insurance. Educational efforts may be particularly effective at the time of retirement when employees are in a more serious mood to consider the contingencies of retired life. A formal and perhaps more economical response for employers would be to offer combined life annuity and LTC insurance benefits through the retirement plan, provided certain regulatory and tax barriers can be removed.
Fertilización foliar, un respaldo importante en elrendimiento de los cultivos (1999)

Resumen es: La fertilizacion foliar, que es la nutricion a traves de las hojas, se utiliza como un complemento a la fertilizacion al suelo; esta practica es report...
Interactive feature extraction and tracking by utilizing region coherency (2009)

The ability to extract and follow time-varying flow features in volume data generated from large-scale numerical simulations enables scientists to effectively see and validate modeled phenomena and processes. Extracted features often take much less storage space and computing resources to visualize. Most feature extraction and tracking methods first identify features of interest in each time step independently, then correspond these features in consecutive time steps of the data. Since these methods handle each time step separately, they do not use the coherency of the feature along the time dimension in the extraction process. In this paper, we present a prediction-correction method that uses a prediction step to make the best guess of the feature region in the subsequent time step, followed by growing and shrinking the border of the predicted region to coherently extract the actual feature of interest. This method makes use of the temporal-space coherency of the data to accelerate the extraction process while implicitly solving the tedious correspondence problem that previous methods focus on. Our method is low cost with very little storage overhead, and thus facilitates interactive or runtime extraction and visualization, unlike previous methods which were largely suited for batch-mode processing due to high computational cost.
Pancreatic cancer and fibrinogen storage disease. (1998)

Hepatocellular fibrinogen storage disease is rare and has been described in association with chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and rarely with hepatocellular carcinoma. This represents the first report of its association with carcinoma outside of the liver.
Dietary Administration of δ- and γ-Tocopherol Inhibits Tumorigenesis in the Animal Model of Estrogen Receptor–Positive, but not HER-2 Breast Cancer (2012)

Tocopherol, a member of the vitamin E family, consists of four forms designated as α, β, γ, and δ. Several large cancer prevention studies with α-tocopherol have reported no beneficial results, but recent laboratory studies have suggested that δ- and γ-tocopherol may be more effective. In two different animal models of breast cancer, the chemopreventive activities of individual tocopherols were assessed using diets containing 0.3% of tocopherol (α-, δ-, or γ-) or 0.3% of a γ-tocopherol rich mixture (γ-TmT). Although administration of tocopherols did not prevent human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu)-driven tumorigenesis, δ- and γ-tocopherols inhibited hormone-dependent mammary tumorigenesis in N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (NMU)-treated female Sprague-Dawley rats. NMU-treated rats showed an average tumor burden of 10.6 ± 0.8 g in the control group at 11 weeks, whereas dietary administration of δ- and γ-tocopherols significantly decreased tumor burden to 7.2 ± 0.8 g (P < 0.01) and 7.1 ± 0.7 g (P < 0.01), respectively. Tumor multiplicity was also reduced in δ- and γ-tocopherol treatment groups by 42% (P < 0.001) and 32% (P < 0.01), respectively. In contrast, α-tocopherol did not decrease tumor burden or multiplicity. In mammary tumors, the protein levels of proapoptotic markers (BAX, cleaved caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved PARP) were increased, whereas antiapoptotic markers (Bcl-2, XIAP) were inhibited by δ-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, and γ-TmT. Furthermore, markers of cell proliferation (PCNA, PKCα), survival (PPAR-γ, PTEN, phospho-Akt), and cell cycle (p53, p21) were affected by δ- and γ-tocopherols. Both δ- and γ-tocopherols, but not α-tocopherol, seem to be promising agents for the prevention of hormone-dependent breast cancer.
The U.N. and Human Rights (1969)

THE Human Rights organs of the United Nations have been ?to use a typically American term?great on production but poor in distribution. Since the adoption of the Charter in 1945, making the promotion of human rights and fundamental freedoms a purpose of the organization, the members have pro duced a cornucopia of papers proclaiming principles and goals which almost no state dares contradict publicly, but which few observe conscientiously, and which fewer still embrace to the point of allowing their practices to be inspected. Twenty years after its adoption, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights remains a declaration universally praised but seldom taken by nations as an across-the-board program for domestic practice. Nations applaud the recent award of the Nobel Peace Prize to Ren? Cassin?a drafter of the Declaration and
Application of Particle Swarm Optimization Approach to Optimal Tuning of Load Frequency Controller (2009)

The task of load frequency controller (LFC) is to maintain the area generation–demand balance by adjusting the outputs on regulating units in response to deviations of frequency and tie-line power exchange. In this paper, the gain of an integral controller for a two area interconnected power system is designed based on the particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique. PSO is a population based stochastic optimization technique derived from simulation of simplified social model. Simulation results on a two area network revealed that the proposed approach optimizes the parameter of integral controller by selecting the optimal gain, which dampens the frequency oscillations and change in tie-line power to zero following a step disturbance.
Réalisation de multicouches pour supraconducteurs à haute température critique par méthode chimique (2009)

The aim of this research is to study buffer layers made of CeO2 and La2Zr2O7 for high Tc superconductors devoted to energy transportation (coated conductors). We used Metal Organic Decomposition method (MOD) for the synthesis of layers of CeO2/SrTiO3 and La2Zr2O7/LaAlO3, because it is a soft and economic method well adapted to manufacture buffers layers for coated conductors. The comparison of various precursors of Cerium was made with the aim of obtaining the adequate precursor for the MOD process. Spin coating was used for depositing precursor solutions of Ce(EH)3 and LZ(propionic) on various substrates. Thermal analyzes of these precursors allowed to determine their decomposition mode (weight loss analysis) according to the temperature, to estimate the quantity of absorbed moisture by the precursors and to determine the temperature of crystallization of the oxide. It was also used to discuss the mixed nature or not of the lanthanum-zirconium proprionate. The analyses of the microstructure and of the texture of CeO2 and La2Zr2O7 films are established by X-ray diffraction (scans q-2q, w-scan, f-scan and pole figures). AFM and MEB allowed us to study roughness, topology and morphology of the surface. Heat treatments of the layers of C(EH)3/SrTiO3 and (La(prop)3+ Zr(prop)4)/LAO , under various atmospheres enabled us to differentiate the poly-crystalline growth from the epitaxial growth. The elimination of residual carbon in the grain boundaries, blocking the grain growth, was carried out by a control of the partial pressure of oxygen at the stage of crystallization; this step makes possible an improvement of the layers' texture. The heating rate has an influence on the nucleation which was studied. Increasing the heating rate favor the heterogeneous nucleation and decreases the number of nuclei, supporting the growth of larger epitaxial grains. Finally, we carried out the multi-layers CeO2/La2Zr2O7/LaAlO3 and YBaCuO/CeO2/YSZ/IBAD to validate the obtained results.
Editor's Note (1975)

The present issue contains papers on resource and environmental problems of Japan. They were written before the oil crisis of late 1973, and some statistics and information are outdated by now, but since Japan's basic position in these problems has not changed, the substance and analysis of these papers are not affected by the more recent developments. They have the additional value of enabling scholars to trace Japan's increasing awareness of the critical problems to be dealt with.