gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract: Global Independents: The Future (2005)

Abstract Independents will drive much of future global exploration, especially in frontiers, new basins and countries seeking investments worldwide. Yet Independents have global choice and have positioned accordingly. Thus companies must compete for these scarcer exploration dollars, and offer best venture prospects. A review of worldwide Independents and strategies reveals their disposition, much of their new ventures investment now flowing into Africa (the cutting edge of the global frontier plays), less so to Latin America and Asia, where exploration outlook has much weakened. This holds key lessons for Asian countries and others, and new strategies will need to be adopted in the future - and such an approach also holds implications for Asian National Oil Companies that have also exited Asia for greater portfolio investments in Africa and elsewhere in recent years. Presented at: 2005 South East Asia Petroleum Exploration Society (SEAPEX) Conference, Singapore, 2005
The Desulfurization of Heavy Oils and Residua (1999)

"Second Edition expands and updates information on the technological aspects of refining heavy oils, residua, bitumen, and other high-sulfur feedstocks. Focuses on the range of next-generation refining processes."
A Geographic Analysis of White-Negro-Indian Racial Mixtures in Eastern United States (1953)

(1953). A Geographic Analysis of White-Negro-Indian Racial Mixtures in Eastern United States. Annals of the Association of American Geographers: Vol. 43, No. 2, pp. 138-155.
In vitro Antioxidant Activity of 3,5-Dicaffeoylquinic Acid Isolated from Aster scaber Thunb. (2004)

CEACAM-1 and CXCL-14 are involved in the occurrence and development of infantile hemangioma.
Fluxless non-eutectic joints fabricated using gold-tin multilayer composite (2003)

Fluxless bonding processes using two different noneutectic gold-tin (Au-Sn) multilayer composites to fabricate high quality solder joints have been successfully achieved. In contrast to the well-known eutectic solders of 80 wt. % Au and 20 wt. % Sn commonly selected by the packaging industry, we have adopted a substantially cost-effective strategy by purposely designing and constructing our solder joints to be predominantly tin-rich instead, rather than relying extensively on gold as a major ingredient. In research two designs were implemented; one with compositions of 80 at. % Sn (70.54 wt. % Sn) and 20 at. % Au (29.46 wt. % Au), and another with 95 at. % Sn (91.82 wt. % Sn) and 5 at. % Au (8.18 wt. % Au). The bonding process temperatures chosen for constructing 80Sn-20Au and 95Sn-5Au joints are 285/spl deg/C and 225/spl deg/C, respectively. Once produced, both types of joints were examined using the combination of X-ray microfocus imaging and scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM) to confirm the bonding quality and the results obtained are nearly void-free. To study the microstructure and composition of the samples the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) detector were conducted on the joint cross sections and the solder thickness of 3.9 and 2.1/spl mu/m were uniformly identified throughout from 80Sn-20Au and 95Sn-5Au joints, respectively. Furthermore, the EDX data obtained have consistently shown that a mixture of AuSn, AuSn/sub 2/, and AuSn/sub 4/ intermetallics were spotted from the 80Sn-20Au sample joints, while AuSn/sub 2/ and AuSn/sub 4/ embedded in /spl beta/-Sn matrix were discovered from 95Sn-5Au specimens. In addition, the shear tests conducted on the samples unequivocally suggest the shear strength of each joint measured is actually greater than the die itself. Finally, the re-melting temperatures of 80Sn-20Au and 95Sn-5Au solder specimens ranging from 275 to 281/spl deg/C and 214 to 220/spl deg/C, respectively, were also experimentally determined.
Fis, an accessorial factor for transcriptional activation of the mar (multiple antibiotic resistance) promoter of Escherichia coli in the presence of the activator MarA, SoxS, or Rob (1997)

Transcription of the multiple antibiotic resistance marRAB operon increases when one of the sequence-related activators, MarA, SoxS, or Rob, binds to the "marbox" centered at -61.5 relative to the transcriptional start site. Previous deletion analyses showed that an adjacent upstream "accessory region" was needed to augment the marbox-dependent activation. To analyze the roles of the marbox and accessory regions on mar transcription, thirteen promoters, each with a different 5-bp transversion of the -96 to -32 sequence, were synthesized, fused to lacZ, and assayed for beta-galactosidase production in single-copy lysogens with appropriate genotypes. The accessory region is shown here to be a binding site for Fis centered at -81 and to bind Fis, a small DNA-binding and -bending protein, with a Kd of approximately 5 nM. The binding of MarA to the marbox and that of Fis to its site were independent of each other. MarA, SoxS, and Rob each activated the mar promoter 1.5-to 2-fold when it had a wild-type marbox but Fis was absent. In the presence of MarA, SoxS, or Rob, Fis further enhanced the activity of the promoter twofold provided the promoter was also capable of binding Fis. However, in the absence of MarA, SoxS, or Rob or in the absence of a wild-type marbox, Fis nonspecifically lowered the activity of the mar promoter about 25% whether or not a wild-type Fis site was present. Thus, Fis acts as an accessory transcriptional activator at the mar promoter.
JAK/STAT Cytokine Signaling at the Crossroad of NK Cell Development and Maturation (2019)

Natural Killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes of the innate immune system and play a critical role in anti-viral and anti-tumor responses. NK cells develop in the bone marrow from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that differentiate through common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs) to NK lineage-restricted progenitors (NKPs). The orchestrated action of multiple cytokines is crucial for NK cell development and maturation. Many of these cytokines such as IL-2, IL-7, IL-12, IL-15, IL-21, IL-27, and interferons (IFNs) signal via the Janus Kinase / Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway. We here review the current knowledge about these cytokines and the downstream signaling involved in the development and maturation of conventional NK cells and their close relatives, innate lymphoid cells type 1 (ILC1). We further discuss the role of suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins in NK cells and highlight their potential for therapeutic application.
Association of Hidradenitis Suppurativa With T Helper 1/T Helper 17 Phenotypes (2018)

These findings suggest that HS may be a TH1/TH17-driven inflammatory skin disease.
Romania's evolving legal framework for private sector development (1992)

As the economies of Central and Eastern Europe move from central planning and state ownership to market-driven development of private sector activity, they are undertaking comprehensive change in the"rules of the game", the legal framework for economic activity. The authors analyze the evolving legal framework for private sector development in Romania. The government has worked intensively in the last two years to create a legal framework for a market economy. It has adopted not only a new constitution but also extensive new legislation covering real and intellectual property, companies, and foreign investment. It has revived the pre-war civil code as a basis for contract law, and is moving to modernize its bankruptcy code. The only area surveyed in which little legal reform has occurred is antimonopoly law. Challenges remain in both law and practice. The broad principles of private ownership, free market exchange, and equal treatment of public and private firms are well recognized and have been largely achieved. But a tendency towards centralized, bureaucratic control remains in excessive requirements for approval and uneconomic limits on certain activities. Moreover, implementation will take a long time because there is little or no institutional framework for enforcement and dispute resolution. Developing a body of regulation and case practice will take time.
Drosophila laminin A chain sequence, interspecies comparison, and domain structure of a major carboxyl portion. (1991)

Recent studies ascribed some biological actions of cell adhesion and cell outgrowth to the carboxyl-most 1200 amino acids of vertebrate laminin A chains. Here we report a 6.1-kilobase pair nucleotide cDNA sequence encoding 1951 amino acids and the carboxyl end of a Drosophila laminin A chain. It corresponds to the mouse laminin A domains G, I, II, and III, but may represent a different type of laminin A chain. The arrangement of the cysteine-rich repeats of domain III resembles that of B2 chains. However, it has more amino acid identity with a portion of the mouse laminin A chain domain IIIb than with other laminin repeats. Domains I and II are consistent with an interrupted coiled-coil alpha-helical model of the long arm of laminin but are poorly conserved. The G domain contains five subdomains which are individually related to subdomains of vertebrate laminin A chains. The results indicate that laminin G subdomains should be considered individually, rather than merely as parts of a G-globule. A sequence of hydroxyamino acids contributes to a spacer between two of the subdomains. Stretches of hydroxyamino acids may be indicative of junctions between domains of extracellular Drosophila proteins.
The Effect of Industrial Relations on Absence Attributed to Injury (1984)

Two possible results of disturbed industrial relations are industrial disputation and a worsening of the level of absence attributed to injury. To ascertain whether a relationship exists between these two results, correlation coefficients were calculated between industrial disputation data and injury statistics for Queensland. Correlations for each year of the study were indicative of a positive association between industrial disputation and absence attributed to injury. The results suggest that the relationship between industrial disputation and absence attributed to injury depends on a number of factors. The state of industrial relations, social and cultural characteristics, industry structure, and the type of work performed appear to affect the level of absence. These and other factors should be considered when lost-time injury statistics are used as an index of the efficacy of an accident-damage-control program or a particular countermeasure.
Expression of auxin‐regulated genes (1997)

Auxins constitute a small class of plant hormones having profound effects on plant development. Among the fastest cellular responses to auxin addition is an alteration of gene expression, and the abundance of several mRNA species has been shown to increase, or decrease, within minutes to hours after auxin treatment. The regulation of this process appears, at least partly, to be at the transcriptional level. Using differential screening approaches, a number of auxin‐regulated cDNAs and genes have been isolated, mainly from elongating tissues and dividing cells. In addition, an influence of auxin on the regulation of genes isolated for other purposes has also been revealed. With respect to kinetic and dose‐response characteristics, as well as to cellular expression and hormonal specificity, individual auxin‐regulated genes seem to be regulated very differently. possibly reflecting different modes of auxin action. The present article gives an overview of the expression and function of genes whose mRNA levels have been demonstrated to be altered after auxin treatment, and relates altered gene expression patterns to known auxin responses at the cellular or whole plant level.
The Faith and Modern Error. By Harry Blamires. S.P.C.K., 1956. Pp. x + 145. 15s. net. (1957)

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Cost-Efficient Synthesis for Sequential Circuits Implemented Using Embedded Memory Blocks of FPGA's (2007)

Modern FPLD devices have a very complex structure. They combine PLA-like structures as well as FPGA's and even memory-based structures. However, the lack of an appropriate synthesis method does not allow the features of the modern FPLD's to be fully exploited. In this paper, an important problem of state assignment for an FSM as an extension of the previous research on ROM-based FSM implementation is presented. We pinpoint the sources of additional optimization of the functional decomposition and relate them to the state encoding conditions. The method is based on a reduction of a state assignment problem to a graph coloring problem. To this end, the so called multi-graph of incompatibility of memory T-words is applied. As a result, a new design technique for implementation of sequential circuits using embedded memory blocks of FPGA's has been developed. Preliminary experimental results are extremely encouraging.
Nutritional Evaluation of Four Commercially Available Pollen Patties in Korea (2015)

Pollen patty is one of the requirements for commercial beekeeping especially in early spring when overwintered honey bee colony begin production of brood. The quality and quantity of pollen patty substituting the natural sources of protein and carbohydrate could determine the spring colony production, but limited information is available in nutritional contents of commercial pollen patties in Korea. We analysed nutrient contents of four commercially available pollen patties and compared with recommended requirement of essential amino acids for honey bee. The results revealed that protein content of different pollen patties ranged 18.9 to 22.4%.The recovery of the protein in terms of amino acids was found more than 90%. The analytical data showed that phenylalanine was limiting while sufficient tyrosine was present. High tyrosine levels could decrease the need for dietary phenylalanine. Arginine was found another limiting amino acid and histidine was present in marginal level. Fat content of four patties ranged 0.7 to 1.3%. Overall, this study results showed that protein enforced pollen patty could serve as natural pollen alternative in early spring.
Turbulence reduction by screens (1988)

Turbulence suppression by use of screens was studied in a small wind tunnel especially designed and built for the purpose. Wide ranges of mesh sizes and wire-diameter Reynolds numbers were covered in the present investigation, enabling the study of sub- and super-critical screens under the same, well-controlled, flow conditions. For the latter type small-scale fluctuations, produced by the screen itself, interact with the incoming turbulence. In the immediate vicinity of the screen the turbulence was found to be highly anisotropic and the intensities were higher than on the upstream side. Downstream of a short initial decay region, where the intensities decrease rapidly, the return to isotropy was found to be much slower than for the unmanipulated turbulence. The latter was generated by a square rod grid, and was shown to become practically isotropic beyond a distance of roughly 20 mesh widths from the grid. The role of the turbulence scales for the overall reduction effectiveness, and for the optimization of screen combinations for application in low-turbulence wind tunnels was studied.
Charge Release of Several Ceramic Ferroelectrics under Various Temperature and Stress Conditions (1959)

Applications exist which require data on the large signal properties of ferroelectrics at room and elevated temperatures. This paper presents experimental results of measurements on the polarization change, piezoelectric coefficient, and pyroelectric charge release for several polycrystalline compounds. The piezoelectric properties are expressed as a function of stress (both statically and dynamically) up to the crushing strength of the material, while the sample temperature ranges from ambient to its Curie point. From mechanical, electrical, and temperature considerations, evaluations are offered for barium titanate, lead titanate-lead zirconate, and lead metaniobate.
Simple method to determine sincerity of effort during a maximal isometric test of grip strength. (1983)

The purpose of this study was to establish a simple method to determine the legitimacy of a maximal voluntary grip contraction (MVGC). To achieve this, 36 subjects were randomly assigned to either a sincere (S) or faker group (F) and asked without investigator knowledge to execute either a MVGC or 75% MVGC on a specially designed grip dynamometer. The dynamometer was attached to a load cell with analog output obtained from a strip chart recorder at 50 mm X sec.-1. The force curves were evaluated empirically and also analyzed according to the following components: rate of force application (SLP), peak force (PK), average force divided by peak force (DEV) and peak force divided by body weight (WTRATIO). Average values for S and F subjects respectively were; SLP 2217 vs 1642 n X s-1, PK 499 vs 387 n, and DEV 0.91 vs 0.72. When all variable were transformed to z-scores, summed for each subject and categorized by sum into upper and lower 50% groups by gender, 87.5% of the females (N = 16) and 80% of the males (N = 20) were correctly classified as S or F subjects. Based upon a discriminant analysis performed by gender, DEV was found to be the only significant predictor for females with DEV, SLP and WTRATIO being significant predictors for the males. It was concluded that S and F subjects can be determined from the results of a maximal isometric grip strength test based upon a simple configuration analysis of an isometric force curve.
Multiple Surface Crack Detection Using A. C. Potential Drop Method. (2002)

This paper studies the multiple crack detection by a. c. potential method. Alternating currents from 200 Hz to 5000 Hz were applied to artificially cracked specimens of Incone 1738 LC superalloy having 1-5 cracks with 50-500 μm depth, and a. c. potentials raised by the cracks were measured at respective frequencies. The potentials had a linear relationship against the frequency and the gradient and intercept of the relationship depended on the number of cracks and crack depth. A new a. c. method was proposed for determining the number of cracks and crack depth by utilizing the frequency dependency of the gradient and intercept. The frequency dependency of the gradient and intercept from FEM analysis agreed with the experiment results qualitatively.
INTERACTION OF SOMATOMEDIN-C WITH AN ANTIBODY DIRECTED AGAINST THE SYNTHETIC C-PEPTIDE REGION OF INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR-I (1980)

Insulin-like growth factor-I is a human plasma peptide with strong structural homology to human prosinsulin. This peptide has been classified as a somatomedin on the basis of its biological actions and growth hormone dependence. We have generated an antibody to the synthetic 12 amino acid C-peptide region of insulin-like growth factor-I and used it to compare three somatomedin preparations to insulin-like growth factor-I. We also compared these somatomedin preparations to insulin-like growth factor-I using the standard SM-C RIA. We conclude that insulin-like growth factor-I and somatomedin-C behave identically in these two RIA's and are very similar if not identical molecules.
Metathesis of Alkenes (2008)

Abstract The sections in this article are Introduction Scope of the Reaction Acyclic Alkenes Alkadienes Cyclic Alkenes Ring‐Opening Metathesis Metathesis Catalysts Solid Metathesis Catalysts Mechanism Molybdenum Catalysts Mo O 3 / Al 2 O 3 Effect of Impurities Mo O 3 / Si O 2 Tungsten Catalysts WO 3 / Al 2 O 3 WO 3 / Si O 2 Rhenium Re 2 O 7 / Al 2 O 3 A Catalyst Characterization B Particle Size C Catalytic Activity D Selectivity Modified Re 2 O 7 / Al 2 O 3 Catalysts A Role of the Promoter B Catalyst Deactivation Kinetics Industrial Applications The P hillips T riolefin Process The Meta‐4 Process Production of 1‐Hexene Production of Neohexene SHOP Production of Fine Chemicals Conclusions
Does Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Worsen the Prognosis of Unsuspected Gallbladder Cancer? (2000)

These results would seem to lend support to the opinion that LC does not worsen the prognosis for unsuspected gallbladder cancer.
Investigation on the structure and upconversion fluorescence of Yb3+/Ho3+ co-doped fluorapatite crystals for potential biomedical applications (2014)

Rare-earth Yb(3+) and Ho(3+) co-doped fluorapatite (FA:Yb(3+)/Ho(3+)) crystals were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis, and their structure, upconversion properties, cell proliferation and imaging were investigated. The synthesized crystals, with a size of 16 by 286 nm, have a hexagonal crystal structure of classic FA and a Ca/Yb/Ho molar ratio of 100/16/2.1. Several reasonable Yb(3+)/Ho(3+) -embedding lattice models along the fluorine channel of the FA crystal cell are proposed for the first time, such as models for (Ca7YbHo©)(PO4)6F2 and (Ca6YbHoNa2)(PO4)6F2. The activated FA:Yb(3+)/Ho(3+) crystals were found to exhibit distinct upconversion fluorescence. The 543- and 654-nm signals in the emission spectra could be assigned, respectively, to the (5)F4 ((5)S2) - (5)I8 and (5)F5 - (5)I8 transitions of holmium via 980-nm near-infrared excitation and the energy transfer of ytterbium. After the surfaces were grafted with hydrophilic dextran, the crystals displayed clear fluorescent cell imaging. Thus, the prepared novel FA:Yb(3+)/Ho(3+) upconversion fluorescent crystals have potential applications in the biomedical field.
Vaccination against classical swine fever virus: limitations and new strategies (2004)

The most widely used vaccines for the control of classical swine fever (CSF) in countries where it is endemic are live attenuated virus strains, which are highly efficacious, inducing virtually complete protection against challenge with pathogenic virus. In the European Union (EU), the combination of prophylactic mass vaccination and culling of infected pigs in endemic regions has made it possible to almost eradicate the disease. However, it is not possible to discriminate between infected and vaccinated animals, thus hampering disease control measures that rely on serology. Therefore, vaccination was banned at the end of 1990 before the internal common market was established in the EU. Vaccination is allowed only in severe emergencies. In addition, there are strict restrictions on the international trade in pig products from countries using vaccination. To circumvent these problems, marker vaccines which allow differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA) have been developed. There are several approaches, ranging from protective peptides, single expressed proteins, naked DNA and chimeric viruses. To date, two subunit vaccines based on the E2 glycoprotein are commercially available and have been tested extensively for their efficacy. The accompanying discriminatory tests are based on an ELISA detecting another viral glycoprotein, the E(rns). The subunit vaccines were found to be less efficacious than live attenuated vaccines. In addition, the currently available discriminatory tests do not provide high enough specificity and sensitivity. Although there is an urgent need for more advanced marker vaccines and better discriminatory tests, the development of new DIVA vaccines against CSF is hampered by the small market potential for these products.