gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Study on the Organizational Characteristics Affecting the Performance of CRM (2004)

Due to the rapid development of Information Technology and the Internet, e-business has bloomed and prevailed recently. As the result of this phenomenon, enterprises introduce CRM as a new process accessible to customers. The purpose of this study is to examine the factors affecting the performance of CRM based on precedent theoretical studies. So, the empirical test is conducted to various hypotheses related to the research model. 206 questionnaires for this study are collected. The result of how the organizational characteristics influence on the performance of CRM shows that they have a positively significant effect on it in order of expert security, top management's support and customer information-centric culture, and department collaboration. Evaluation and compensation system don't influence on the performance of CRM directly.
Structural analyses and preliminary design of HT-7U cryostat (2003)

The cryostat of HT-7U Tokamak is a large vacuum vessel surrounding the entire Basic Machine with cylindrical shell, dished top and flat bottom. The main function of HT-7U cryostat provides the thermal barrier between the ambient temperature testing hall and the liquid helium cooled superconducting magnet. The loads applied to the cryostat are vacuum pressure, dead weight, seismic events and electromagnetic forces originated by eddy currents. It also provides feed through penetrations for all the connecting elements inside and outside the cryostat. The main material selected for the cryostat is stainless steel 304L. The structural analyses including buckling for the cryostat vessel under the plasma operation condition have been carried out using a finite element code. Stress analysis results show that the maximum stress intensity was below the allowable value. In this paper, we emphasize on the structural analyses of HT-7U cryostat. The preliminary design of the cryostat is also described.
Purification and characterization of an organic solvent and detergent‐tolerant novel protease produced by <i>Bacillus</i> sp. RKY3 (2008)

Abstract BACKGROUND: Purification and characterization of a novel protease produced by Bacillus sp. RKY3, has been investigated, with special emphasis on the stability of the enzyme in the presence of different oxidizing and reducing agents as well as organic solvents. The enzyme was purified in two steps through concentration of the crude enzyme by ammonium sulfate precipitation, followed by anion exchange chromatography. RESULTS: The purified protease had a molecular mass of approximately 38 kDa, which was highly active over a broad range of pH between 7.0 and 9.0 and was also stable over a wide pH range from 5.0 to 11.0. Although the optimum temperature for enzyme activity was found to be 60 °C, it was rapidly deactivated at temperatures above 60 °C. It also showed good stability at 50 °C, with a 70 min half‐life. Ca 2+ ions did not greatly enhance the activity or the stability of the enzyme. PMSF (1 mmol L −1 ) completely inhibited the protease activity, and thus the purified protease was considered to be serine protease. The purified protease was stable with oxidants (H 2 O 2 , 2%), reducing agents (sodium dodecyl sulfate, 2%), and organic solvents (25%) such as benzene, hexane, and toluene. CONCLUSION: The purified enzyme, protease, seems to possess potential applications in protease‐based detergent and bleaching industries. The enzymatic activity against a wide variety of substrates suggests that the purified enzyme should be investigated for a range of commercial applications, especially for soy protein and gelatin hydrolysis in the food processing industry. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Intercellular adhesion of rat hepatocytes. Identification of a cell surface glycoprotein involved in the initial adhesion process. (1982)

A cell surface molecule involved in intercellular adhesion between rat hepatocytes in vitro has been identified. Papain-solubilized plasma membrane components were fractionated; the ability of the solubilized components to neutralize the inhibition of cell aggregation, caused by multispecific antibodies directed against the cell surface, was used to follow the purification. The purified components were used to immunize rabbits. The resulting antibodies effectively inhibited hepatocyte aggregation, and this inhibitory effect could be neutralized by detergent-solubilized plasma membrane components having an apparent molecular weight of 105,000 in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Also by immunoprecipitation, immunoblotting, and immunosorbent techniques it was demonstrated that the antibodies specifically reacted with a plasma membrane component having an apparent molecular weight of 105,000. This component was susceptible to digestion with papain and showed specific binding to the carbohydrate-binding lectin Lens culinaris hemagglutinin. It was thus concluded that a glycoprotein with a mass of about 105,000 daltons is involved in rat hepatocyte intercellular adhesion.
Classification of Australian wheat varieties based on the granularity of their wholemeal (1961)

A simple and accurate test for determining the granularity of wheat wholemeal is described. Ten grams of wheat are ground, sieved for five minutes and the amount passing through the sieve is expressed as a percentage of the original sample and recorded as the particle size index. Particle size index is shown to be a varietal character that divides Australian varieties into two distinct groups. As all typical hard varieties fall into one of these groups and all typical soft varieties into the other group, particle size index is suggested as the most satisfactory criterion for designating these categories. Variations in protein level and moisture content do influence the particle size index, without in any way invalidating the test. The effect of changes in these environmental factors, on particle size index, varies from variety to variety both in degree and direction.
Tubular network formation protects mitochondria from autophagosomal degradation during nutrient starvation (2011)

Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that mediate essential cell functions such as apoptosis and cell-cycle control in addition to their role as efficient ATP generators. Mitochondrial morphology changes are tightly regulated, and their shape can shift between small, fragmented units and larger networks of elongated mitochondria. We demonstrate that mitochondrial elements become significantly elongated and interconnected shortly after nutrient depletion. This mitochondrial morphological shift depends on the type of starvation, with an additive effect observed when multiple nutrients are depleted simultaneously. We further show that starvation-induced mitochondrial elongation is mediated by down-regulation of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) through modulation of two Drp1 phosphorylation sites, leading to unopposed mitochondrial fusion. Finally, we establish that mitochondrial tubulation upon nutrient deprivation protects mitochondria from autophagosomal degradation, which could permit mitochondria to maximize energy production and supply autophagosomal membranes during starvation.
Cloning and bioinformatics analysis of an ubiquitin gene of the rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) (2011)

Ubiquitin which has the function of selective protein degradation may play animportant role in the regulation of insect growth and development. The coding sequence of an ubiquitin gene from the larvae of the rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) named CsUB (GenBank Accession No. GU238420) was cloned by RT-PCR and sequenced in this study, with primers according to the sequences of ubiquitin genes from Homo sapiens, Drosophila melanogaster and Lepidopteran insects. Sequence analysis showed that the length of the coding sequence is 228 bp, encoding 76 amino acids with calculated molecular weight of 8.50 kDa and the theoretical isoeletric point of 5.26. Signal sequence and transmembrane domain had not been found. Multiple sequence alignment indicated that CsUB gene sequence with other known gene sequences of invertebrates and vertebrates had a high degree of homology (more than 72% similarity) and a shorter genetic distance (lower than 0.360). During the genetic diversity analysis, the total of 104 polymorphic sites was detected from 18 ubiquitin gene sequences and 18 haplotypes were sorted. Abundant genetic diversity and strong codon usage bias were found by the haplotype diversity (1.000), average number of nucleotide differences (47.475), nucleotide diversity (0.20866), effective number of codons (44.526), codon bias index (0.559) and scaled Chi-square (0.779). The predicated secondary structure composition of CsUB protein had about 32.89% extended strands, 36.84% random colis, 15.79% alpha helixes and 14.47% beta turns. Subcellular localization analysis showed that CsUB protein of cytoplasm, cell nucleus, mitochondrion, cell skeleton and plasma membrane occupied about 47.80, 26.10, 17.40, 4.30 and 4.30%, respectively. Sequence, homology and structural analysis confirmed that CsUB gene was highly conserved during evolution and belonged to ubiquitin gene family. The results might provide some fundamental data for further studies on expressed characteristics and physiological functions of CsUB gene.   Key words: Chilo suppressalis Walker, ubiquitin, gene cloning, bioinformatics.
New epr spectra in neutron-irradiated silicon (II) (1974)

Abstract Four new EPR spectra, arising from intrinsic defects in silicon created by neutron-irradiation, are resolved. Each spectrum is briefly discussed. Further detailed studies are required to establish defect models.
Enhancement of Proton Mobility in Extended‐Nanospace Channels (2012)

Channeling of mobility: A new method for the direct measurement of proton mobilities based on a pH-sensitive fluorescence probe is described. The results verify the enhancement of proton mobility in two-dimensional extended nanospace channels and contribute to a deeper understanding of ion-transport processes inside nanochannels. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
The PMC (Preparata, Metze and Chien) System Level Fault Model: Maximality Properties of the Implied Faulty Sets. (1983)

In this paper, we examine the implied faulty sets in the case of the PMC system level fault model. We show that those sets possess a maximality property whenever the system is one-step tau-diagnosable, no two modules test each other and the number of faulty modules is no larger than tau. In addition, we propose a syndrome-decoding algorithm based on that maximality property. (Author)
Pyrolysis of Organic Carbonates (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPyrolysis of Organic CarbonatesJ. L. R. WILLIAMS, K. R. DUNHAM, and T. M. LAAKSOCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1958, 23, 5, 676–679Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1958https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01099a009RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views146Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (408 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A comparative assessment of routing for mobile networks (2010)

Wireless mobile devices are becoming increasingly prevalent in society. As a result, aggregation of network connectivity through the use of mobile networks is becoming increasingly relevant to service providers as well as for mobile users. The current approach being pursued within the IETF Mobile Extensions for IPv6 (MEXT) WG, is based on the Network Mobility (NEMO) architecture. NEMO uses IP-in-IP tunnelling for providing mobile network capability on an existing IPv6 network. This approach can result in non-optimal routing between source and destination nodes. Other proposals such as OptiNets extend NEMO and try to address issues such as sub-optimal routing. There are alternative approaches also being proposed, such as the Identifier Locator Network Protocol (ILNPv6), which is based on the use of naming, to enable a flexible and integrated mobile network capability based on IPv6.We have conducted a comparative analysis of the cost of providing optimal routing, in terms of packet and bandwidth overhead, based on an emulation, using data from the London Circle Line metropolitan railway as a scenario. Our analysis shows that these different approaches to mobility offer significantly different performance trade-offs in routing for mobile networks, depending on the constraints of the network scenario.
ChemInform Abstract: ALKYLATION, PROTONATION AND BROMINATION OF YNAMINES (1977)

Abstract 1. Die Alkylierung der Inamine (Ia), (Ib) mit Methyl‐bromid (IIa) bzw. ‐iodid (IIb) liefert die Cyclobutenylcyanine (IIIa) (ausschließlich) bzw. (IIIb), (IIIc) [im Gemisch mit den Verbindungen (IVa) bzw. (IVb)].
Cell adhesion on cellulose nanofibrils (2016)

Cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) is an emerging biomaterial suitable for medical research. CNF hydrogel has been used as a three dimensional platforms for cell culture. \n\nThis thesis aims to understand how human liver carcinoma (HepG2) cells interact with CNF. Measurements were performed with Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation in order to quantify cell adsorption on CNF. Furthermore, the effect of the cell medium on the viscoelastic properties of CNF and on cell-CNF interactions were investigated.\n\nElectrolytes present in the cell medium were found not to affect the viscoelastic properties of CNF. Any change detected was due to bulk effects. Proteins in the cell medium adsorb on CNF, but the proteins do not affect the cell-CNF interactions. HepG2 cells were found to have a low affinity to CNF and they only briefly attach weakly to the CNF surface. This hypothesis was further supported with atomic force microscopy images, where cells with round shapes indicative of weak attachment were visible.
Inter-signal timing skew compensation of parallel links with voltage-mode incremental signaling (2008)

Inter-signal timing skew gives rise to reduced timing margins at the receiver and limits the data rate of parallel links. This paper proposes a new inter-signal timing skew compensation technique for parallel links with voltage-mode incremental signaling. The proposed technique employs an early/late block to detect the rising and falling edges of adjacent pulses generated at the output of comparators due to inter-signal timing skews, and subsequently to allocate the optimal sampling point of the samplers to maximize timing margins. Two delay-locked loops (DLLs) are employed to place the sampling clock to the optimal sampling position. The skew compensation range is quantified with reference of the delay range of the DLLs. The effectiveness of the proposed deskewing method is validated using a 1 Gbyte/s parallel link implemented in UMC-0.13 mum 1.2 V CMOS technology with three microstrip channels on a FR4 substrate.
Waiting for speech therapy: a group to help the under-3s. (1996)

It can take up to two years for a child with speech problems to be seen by a speech therapist. The waiting period can be stressful for parents and frustrating for the child, who may begin to show behaviour problems. Group sessions for up to 10 children with speech problems aged 2-3 years and their parents produced positive benefits during the waiting period. The groups were set up and managed by a health visitor with input from a speech and language therapist and outside speakers. The parents learnt how children's communication skills develop and were shown simple techniques for helping their child's speech. They were also helped to understand and manage behaviour problems such as tantrums which may be linked to the child's speech difficulties. The majority of parents confirmed that their children's speech had improved since joining the group. Parents gained mutual support from attending the groups and their children benefited from socialising with the other children. This was a low-cost, flexible scheme set up in response to local needs and demand, showing the benefits of teamwork and of involving parents in their children's treatment and care.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Nucleophilic Substitution at the Alkoxycarbonyl Group (2007)

Coaxed into action: Although ester groups are usually inert towards organopalladium reagents, β-(2-haloanilino)esters undergo intramolecular palladium-catalyzed acylation to give dihydroquinolin-4-ones (see scheme). A four-membered azapalladacycle intermediate is postulated to facilitate the nucleophilic addition. R=Me, OMe, CO2Me, Cl; R1,R2=H, Me, Ph. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2007/z702176_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Low cost Low Visual Aids can improve the life of a section of Human Resource of Society- the facts and fallacies (2014)

Apart from Medical professionals and experts there are a few people in the society who have knowledge about the usefulness of Low Visual Aids. Visually impaired persons are those who suffer from low vision have normally treated as Blind. A Survey was conducted in different blind schools in West Bengal, India to assess the impacts of LVAs on Visually Challenged students of the blind schools who are treated as blind.
Tumor-Related Hyponatremia (2007)

Hyponatremia is an important and common electrolyte disorder in tumor patients and one that has been reported in association with a number of different primary diagnoses. The correct diagnosis of the pathophysiological basis for each patient is important because it significantly alters the treatment approach. In this article, we review the epidemiology and presentation of patients with hyponatremia, the pathophysiologic groups for the disorder with respect to sodium and water balance and the diagnostic measures for determining the correct pathophysiologic groups. We then present the various treatment options based on the pathophysiologic groups including a mathematical approach to the use of hypertonic saline in management. In cancer patients, hyponatremia is a serious comorbidity that requires particular attention as its treatment varies by pathophysiologic groups, and its consequences can have a deleterious effect on the patient's health.
Structure-property behavior of hybrid materials incorporating oligomeric species with inorganic silicates by a sol-gel process (1988)

A sol-gel process has been utilized to develop novel hybrid materials incorporating organic and inorganic species. The objectives of this project were to study the feasibility of this new bridging route and, if successful, study the structure-property relationships of these new materials. In this thesis, tetraorthosilicate was used to combine with one of three types of oligomers, which included silanol terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), triethoxysilane endcapped polytetramethyleneoxide (PTMO), and PTMO with multiple triethoxysilane functional groups. The general reaction scheme was to first generate silanols from both components through the hydrolysis reaction, and then form the network structure by a co-condensation reaction with the silanol groups. The preparation of these hybrid materials was successful. Most of these hybrid materials were obtained without significant cracking problems with an initial TEOS loading up to 80 wt%, and the final products were always transparent. For the PDMS containing systems, the tensile strength was always lower than 8 MPa. and the elongation at break was in the range of 5-25%. Dynamic mechanical results showed a bimodal tan<i>δ</i> behavior, which was attributed to two different physico-chemical environments of the oligomers: one was PDMS rich phase and one represented more dispersed PDMS oligomers. The dispersion of the oligomers increased with acid and silicate content of the system, and this postulation of better PDMS dispersion was strongly supported by the SAXS results which showed a systematic decrease in the mean square electron density fluctuation. The mechanical properties of PTMO containing materials were considerably enhanced compared to the PDMS hybrid systems. Depending on the composition and oligomeric molecular weight, the tensile strength could reach 33 MPa. Also, the range of the elongation at break increased up to ca. 100%. The tan<i>δ</i> spectra showed a single, broad maximum at temperatures much higher than the T<sub>g</sub> of pure PTMO oligomers, which indicated the absence of a pure oligomer phase. A broad maximum in the SAXS profile was observed in most cases, implying the existence of a correlation distance in these PTMO containing materials. To rationalize all the experimental observations, a schematic model was suggested which contains highly condensed TEOS clusters and mixed regions of partially condensed TEOS and PTMO. This model was further supported by swelling data and by agreement between the SAXS correlation length and the estimated PTMO end-to-end distance. The systems prepared with PTMO possessing multiple triethoxysilane groups showed the most promising results in terms of mechanical properties. The tensile strength ranged from ca. 30 to 55 MPa., and the ambient modulus was nearly 10⁸ Pa. Also, a yield point was observed in some cases and was postulated to be an indication of partial continuity of the silicate phase.