gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pre-chirping and dispersion compensation for long-haul 20-Gbit/s soliton transmission at 1.55 μm on nondispersion-shifted fibers (2002)

In conclusion, we have resented a new type of soliton propagation. It requires both a dispersion compensation and an initial pre-chirp. Among its advantages, it is firstly compatible with the large chromatic dispersion of nondispersion shifted fibre (NDSF). Secondly, jitter and SNR performances are improved with respect to those of systems with constant chromatic dispersion due to the large value of the excess power coefficient k. Only soliton interaction is increased. Finally, in a 2500-km 20-Gbit/s transmission, it operates over a large power range: from <-1.5 dBm up to 11 dBm amplifier output power. These performances are much beyond those of single-channel NRZ systems.
Context-Based Satisfaction Modelling for Personalized Recommendations (2013)

Approaches for the personalized recommendations focus mainly on the user's activity over various portals. User's preferences are not dependent on the long term users' history only, but actual user's situation plays crucial role in the user's preferences adjustment and formation. An item liked by the user in some context, can be disliked by the same user in the other context. For the considering this users' variability we propose a novel approach for the user's satisfaction modelling based on incorporating the user's context into the rating prediction and consideration of previous users' rating history. Our novel approach reflects natural characteristics of user's context, when the various context's settings can influence another context. Proposed approach brings statistically significant improvement in the rating prediction process, thus it can increase user satisfaction during one-session recommendation.
A tutorial survey of theory and applications of simulated annealing (1985)

Annealing is the process of slowly cooling a physical system in order to obtain states with globally minimum energy. By simulating such a process, near globally-minimum-cost solutions can be found for very large optimization problems. The purpose of this paper is to review the basic theory of simulated annealing, to survey its recent applications, and to survey the theoretical approaches that have been used to study the technique. The applications include image restoration, combinatorial optimization (eg VLSI routing and placement), code design for communication systems and certain aspects of artificial intelligence. The theoretical tools for analysis include the theory of nonstationary Markov chains, statistical physics analysis techniques, large deviation theory and singular perturbation theory.
<i>Momordica charantia</i> Maintains Normal Glucose Levels and Lipid Profiles and Prevents Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Rats Subjected to Chronic Sucrose Load (2010)

Momordica charantia L., commonly known as bitter gourd, is used as a vegetable by the Asian community in Africa. It is frequently used as an antidiabetic herb for the management of the disease in the Ayurvedic system of medicine. The present study was aimed at evaluating the effects of M. charantia on glucose level, lipid profiles, and oxidative stress in diabetic rats subjected to a sucrose load. Five normal rats and 20 diabetic rats (diabetes induced by injecting alloxan monohydrate) were used for the experiment. Diabetic rats were divided into four groups: three experimental groups that received sucrose (4 g/kg of body weight) plus graded doses of M. charantia extract and a diabetic control group that received only sucrose (4 g/kg of body weight). Normal rats were used as the normal control group and received only sucrose (4 kg/kg of body weight). The experiment was run for 30 days, after which rats were bled to assay blood glucose, lipid profiles, and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances and reduced glutathione. After this, all treatments were terminated. Rats in the normal control group, diabetic control group, and experimental group 3 were subjected to observation for 30 days and were bled on day 31 to assay parameters as stated above. Results indicated that M. charantia maintained the normal glucose levels in all experimental groups, reduced triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein levels, and increased high-density lipoprotein levels. It also improved the antioxidant status, indicated by low levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances and normal levels of reduced glutathione. Rats reverted to diabetic conditions and were found to be under oxidative stress after termination of treatment. This study concludes that M. charantia maintains the normal glucose level, lipid profiles, and antioxidant condition in diabetic rats against the sucrose load.
Improved rotor flux estimation based on voltage model for sensorless field-oriented controlled induction motor drives (2008)

Speed sensorless field-oriented vector control of induction motor depends on effective estimation of rotor flux. This paper proposes an improved rotor flux estimator based on stator voltage model with programmable low-pass filter (LPF) and an error compensator. In the voltage model based flux estimation, a LPF is normally used to replace the pure integrator to avoid integration drift and saturation problems. However, the LPF estimator may introduce magnitude and phase errors, and results in degraded estimation performance at low operating frequency. The flux estimation error is compensated according to feedback signal of the estimated flux in this paper. In addition, the LPF with a fixed cutoff frequency is difficult to provide good estimation for wide speed range. The reason is that lower cutoff frequency required for wide speed operation may result in weakening the restraint of DC drift problem. To achieve the compromise, an improved programmable LPF rotor flux estimator with a compensator for DC drift restraint is introduced. The validity of the proposed rotor flux estimator is verified by speed sensorless field-oriented vector controlled 11 kW induction motor. Experimental results demonstrate high performance of the improved rotor flux estimator.
Magnetic Abrasive Polishing for Internal Face of Seamless Stainless Steel Tube Using Sludge Abrasive Grain (2004)

In this paper deals with behavior of the magnetic abrasive using sludge on polishing characteristics in a new internal finishing of seamless stainless steel tube applying magnetic abrasive polishing. The magnetic abrasive using sludge-abrasive grain WA and GC used to resin bond fabricated low temperature. And sludge of magnetic abrasive powder fabricated that sludge was crused into 200 mesh. The previous research have made an experiment in the static state the movement of magnetic abrasive grain is nevertheless in the dynamic state. In this paper, We could have investigated into the changes of the movement of magnetic abrasive grain. In reference to this result, we could have made the experiment which is set under the condition of the magnetic flux density, polishing velocity according to the form of magnetic brush.
A CMOS electrically reprogrammable ASIC with multi-level random logic capabilities (1986)

A 24-pin electrically-reprogrammable ASIC, implemented in CMOS EEPROM technology with two-layer polysilicon and two-layer metal, providing user logic complexity of 600-800 gate equivalents, will be described. Speeds of 15ns per internal logic level have been obtained with 50mW consumption.
Observation of the Fresnel and Arago laws using the Mach-Zehnder interferometer (2007)

An experimental study is conducted to determine the effect of polarization on the interference of light waves. By using the temporal coherence property of light in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, we verified the four important Fresnel and Arago laws for linearly polarized and circularly polarized light. This experiment provides a simple method for undergraduates to study the phenomena of interference and polarization.
[Dysplastic endometriosis as a separate nosological form]. (2003)

The paper deals with analysis of pathogenesis features occurred in pathologically proliferative endometry (PPPE). Patient's state associated with PPPE is proposed to single out in a separate nosologic unit--dysplastic disease of endometry (DDE). Clinical and morphological classification of DDE is presented. DDE is regarded as the disease of an organism as in whole that suppose comprehensive approach to its diagnostics and treatment, forecasting further complications and carrying out adequate preventive measures. It assists in the improvement of diagnostic and treatment effectiveness of the disease, prevention of possible endometrium transformation in cancer.
Tree-pattern-based duplicate code detection (2009)

This paper presents a tree-pattern-based method of automatically and accurately finding code clones in program files. Duplicate tree-patterns are first collected by anti-unification algorithm and redundancy-free exhaustive comparisons, and then finally clustered. The algorithm is designed in such a way that the same comparison is not repeated for speed, while thoroughly examining every possible pairs of tree patterns for accuracy. Our method maintains the syntax structure of code in tree-pattern clusters, which gives the flexibility of finding different types of clones while keeping the precision.
Human Detection for Night Surveillance using Adaptive Background Subtracted Image (2017)

Surveillance based on Computer Vision has become a major necessity in current era. Most of the surveillance systems operate on visible light imaging, but performance based on visible light imaging is limited due to some factors like variation in light intensity during the daytime. The matter of concern lies in the need for processing images in low light, such as in the need of nighttime surveillance. In this paper, we have proposed a novel approach for human detection using FLIR(Forward Looking Infrared) camera. As the principle involves sensing based on thermal radiation in the Near IR Region, it is possible to detect Humans from an image captured using a FLIR camera even in low light. The proposed method for human detection involves processing of Thermal images by using HOG (Histogram of Oriented Gradients) feature extraction technique along with some enhancements. The principle of the proposed technique lies in an adaptive background subtraction algorithm, which works in association with the HOG technique. By means of this method, we are able to reduce execution time, precision and some other parameters, which result in improvement of overall accuracy of the human detection system.
Using FCMC, FVS, and PCA Techniques for Feature Extraction of Multispectral Images (2005)

In this letter, a new nonlinear approach based on a combination of the fuzzy c-means clustering (FCMC), feature vector selection and principal component analysis (PCA) is proposed to extract features of multispectral images when a very large number of samples need to be processed. The main contribution of this letter is to provide a preprocessing method for classifying these images with higher accuracy compared to the single PCA and kernel PCA. Finally, some experimental results demonstrate that our proposed approach is effective and efficient in analyzing multispectral images.
Software Defect Prediction via Attention-Based Recurrent Neural Network (2019)

In order to improve software reliability, software defect prediction is applied to the process of software maintenance to identify potential bugs. Traditional methods of software defect prediction mainly focus on designing static code metrics, which are input into machine learning classifiers to predict defect probabilities of the code. However, the characteristics of these artificial metrics do not contain the syntactic structures and semantic information of programs. Such information is more significant than manual metrics and can provide a more accurate predictive model. In this paper, we propose a framework called defect prediction via attention-based recurrent neural network (DP-ARNN). More specifically, DP-ARNN first parses abstract syntax trees (ASTs) of programs and extracts them as vectors. Then it encodes vectors which are used as inputs of DP-ARNN by dictionary mapping and word embedding. After that, it can automatically learn syntactic and semantic features. Furthermore, it employs the attention mechanism to further generate significant features for accurate defect prediction. To validate our method, we choose seven open-source Java projects in Apache, using F1-measure and area under the curve (AUC) as evaluation criteria. The experimental results show that, in average, DP-ARNN improves the F1-measure by 14% and AUC by 7% compared with the state-of-the-art methods, respectively.
Multiresolution wavelet‐based QRS complex detection algorithm suited to several abnormal morphologies (2014)

The electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is considered as one of the most important tools in clinical practice in order to assess the cardiac status of patients. In this study, an improved QRS (Q wave, R wave, S wave) complex detection algorithm is proposed based on the multiresolution wavelet analysis. In the first step, high frequency noise and baseline wander can be distinguished from ECG data based on their specific frequency contents. Hence, removing corresponding detail coefficients leads to enhance the performance of the detection algorithm. After this, the author's method is based on the power spectrum of decomposition signals for selecting detail coefficient corresponding to the frequency band of the QRS complex. Hence, the authors have proposed a function g as the combination of the selected detail coefficients using two parameters λ 1 and λ 2 , which correspond to the proportion of the frequency ranges of the selected detail compared with the frequency range of the QRS complex. The proposed algorithm is evaluated using the whole arrhythmia database. It presents considerable capability in cases of low signal‐to‐noise ratio, high baseline wander and abnormal morphologies. The results of evaluation show the good detection performance; they have obtained a global sensitivity of 99.87%, a positive predectivity of 99.79% and a percentage error of 0.34%.
ac-Field-Induced Grandjean Plane Texture in Mixtures of Room-Temperature Nematics and Cholesterics (1970)

The influence of ac fields on liquid-crystal mixtures of the nematic anisylidene-$p\ensuremath{-}n$- butylaniline (ABUTA) and the cholesteric oleyl cholesteryl carbonate was investigated. It was established that the cholesteric Grandjean plane texture could be induced with fields of the order of 2.5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{5}$ ${\mathrm{V}}_{\mathrm{rms}}$/cm at frequencies above 0.1 kHz for samples containing 40% ABUTA. With larger ABUTA contents the frequency required to produce the Grandjean texture increased.
Advanced First Aid Film Strip 2 (1963)

Advanced First Aid Film Strip 2 ‘MAINTENANCE OF THE AIRWAY’Photographed at the City Hospital, Srofce-on-Trent for the Birmingham Regional Hospital Board and supervised by A. V. McVey Produced and distributed by Camera Talks, 23 Denmark Place, London W.C.2 CLEON WHITE CLEON WHITE Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Occupational Medicine, Volume 13, Issue 1, April 1963, Pages 100–101, https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/13.1.100-b Published: 01 April 1963
Operator Splitting for Three-Phase Flow in Heterogeneous Porous Media (2009)

We describe an operator splitting technique based on physics rather than on dimension for the numerical solution of a nonlinear system of partial differential equations which models three-phase flow through heterogeneous porous media. The model for three-phase flow considered in this work takes into account capillary forces, general relations for the relative permeability functions and variable porosity and per- meability fields. In our numerical procedure a high resolution, nonoscillatory, second order, conservative central difference scheme is used for the approximation of the non- linear system of hyperbolic conservation laws modeling theconvective transport of the fluid phases. This scheme is combined with locally conservative mixed finite elements for the numerical solution of the parabolic and elliptic problems associated with the diffusive transport of fluid phases and the pressure-velocity problem. This numerical procedure has been used to investigate the existence and stability of nonclassical shock waves (called transitional or undercompressive shock waves) in two-dimensional het- erogeneous flows, thereby extending previous results for one-dimensional flow prob- lems. Numerical experiments indicate that the operator splitting technique discussed here leads to computational efficiency and accurate numerical results. AMS subject classifications: 76S05, 76T30, 78M10, 78M20
A Classification of Lossless Three-Ports (1962)

Lossless three-port networks can be classified at a single frequency according to their off-diagonal scattering matrix entries. We define four classes: one of these is trivial, consisting of networks that are in effect artificial combinations of a two-port and a one-port, or of three one-ports; the other three network classifications are based on whether <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">|S_{21}|</tex> is equal to (class E), greater than (class F), or less than (class B) <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">|S_{12}|</tex> . A particular scatteringvariable normalization can be chosen for networks of classes F and B to make the scattering matrix that of a circulator. This is not possible for a network of class E even if it is a nonreciprocal network. This classification is applied to the design of narrow-band circulators and to some theoretical properties of negative-resistance amplifiers.
Docosatetraenoyl LPA is elevated in exhaled breath condensate in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (2014)

These results demonstrate that multiple LPA species are detectable in EBC, and that 22:4 LPA levels are elevated in the EBC of IPF patients. Further research is needed to determine the significance of this elevation of 22:4 LPA in IPF EBC, as well as its potential to serve as a biomarker for disease severity and/or progression.
Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis in the Mouse (1958)

Summary The skin of the albino Swiss mouse can be passively sensitized by rabbit antibody. With the rabbit antihen egg albumin used in this study, 0.4 or 0.8 μg antibody nitrogen was found to be the lower limit necessary for local sensitization. The optimal latent period was found to be 3 hr. Intradermally injected antibody can be detected by PCA for only a short time after challenge with antigen. When the antibody is injected intravenously, 350 μg of antibody nitrogen or more are necessary to sensitize the skin. At these antibody levels the threshold amount of Ea approximated 0.25 μg.
Health effects of anticipation of job change and non-employment: longitudinal data from the Whitehall II study (1995)

The application of a longitudinal design, allowing the same individuals to be followed from job security into anticipation, provides more robust evidence than has previously been available that anticipation of job loss affects health even before employment status has changed.
Avian assemblages in bamboo and non-bamboo habitats in a tropical rainforest (2013)

Some species of bird are closely associated with bamboos (bamboo specialists) but community-wide studies comparing the avian assemblages in bamboo and non-bamboo habitats are lacking. Using point counts, we compared the species richness, abundance and composition of the avian assemblages in bamboo and non-bamboo habitats in the Brazilian Atlantic forest. Apart from considering bamboo specialists and non-specialist species, we contrasted birds from different categories of forest dependence, forest strata and diet. We recorded a total of 81 species of birds (74 in bamboo, 55 in non-bamboo habitats), including 15 bamboo specialists. Species richness was greater in bamboo habitats in all categories of diet and forest dependence. Bamboo and non-bamboo habitats had a similar number of canopy species, but bamboo habitats had a greater number of non-canopy species. The abundance of the whole avian community or of each of the dietary categories did not differ between habitats. The overall species composition differed between habitats, with a more homogeneous composition in non-bamboo habitats. A great number of species use bamboo habitats, even if they are not bamboo specialists. The initial expansion of bamboos, forming discrete patches of bamboo within mature forest, represents an intermediate-level disturbance that enhances forest heterogeneity and promotes the diversity of avian communities.
Expression of the calcitonin receptor in bone marrow cell cultures and in bone: a specific marker of the differentiated osteoclast that is regulated by calcitonin (1995)

We studied the temporal sequence of osteoclast (OC) differentiation from precursor cells in murine marrow cultures. Two markers of the OC phenotype, calcitonin (CT) receptor (CTR) and tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), were assessed. Marrow cells from C57BL/6 mice were cultured for 3, 5, 7, and 9 days with or without 1,25-(OH)2vitamin D3 (10(-8) M). In controls only small numbers of osteoclastic multinucleated cells 9MNCs) formed per well (< 15 per well). In contrast, 1,25-(OH)2D3 strongly stimulated MNC formation (> 80 per well on day 7). Messenger RNA (mRNA) for TRAP was detectable by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction amplification in both control and 1,25-(OH)2D3 treated groups at all times. However, TRAP mRNA was detectable in MNCs by the less sensitive in situ hybridization only on days 5, 7, and 9 and only in 1,25-(OH)2D3 treated cells. In control cultures, CTR mRNA was present on day 3 only in nonadherent cells and was not present in adherent cells (where MNCs formed) at any time point. In 1,25-(OH)2D3 treated cultures CTR mRNA was detectable in nonadherent cells on day 3 and in adherent cells on day 5 and thereafter. Peak levels of CTR mRNA were seen in adherent cells on day 7 (15-fold more than day 5 and 4-fold more than day 9). CT (10(-7) M) treatment of 7 day cultures, which had been stimulated to express the osteoclastic phenotype, caused a marked decrease in CTR mRNA expression at 24 h. There was no effect of CT treatment on CTR mRNA expression at 3 h or on TRAP mRNA expression at 3 or 24 h. In neonatal mouse calvaria cultures, CTR mRNA expression was constitutively present and was markedly decreased by 48 h of CT treatment. Similarly, bone resorption in these cultures was inhibited at 24 h by CT treatment, but at 48 and 72 h there was escape from the inhibitory effects of CT on resorption. In the marrow cultures, MNCs were greater than 98% positive for [125I]-salmon calcitonin (sCT) binding and this binding was completely competed away by excess cold sCT (10(-7) M). All primary isolated osteoclasts from 1- to 3-day-old mouse long bones exhibited [125I]-sCT binding and TRAP activity and were strongly positive for CTR and TRAP mRNA by in situ hybridization. Both MNCs that formed in bone marrow cultures and isolated primary osteoclasts formed resorption pits on bone slices.