gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Free ECC: An efficient error protection for compressed last-level caches (2013)

Cache reliability is increasingly a concern as cache cell dimension shrinks and cache capacity grows. Conventionally, an extra, dedicated storage is appended to cache to store error correcting code. Recently, cache compression schemes have been proposed to increase the effective cache capacity of last-level cache (LLC), for which we found the conventional cache ECC design is inefficient. We propose Free ECC that utilizes the unused fragments in compressed cache design to store ECC. It not only reduces the chip overhead but also improves cache utilization and power efficiency. Additionally, we propose an efficient convergent cache allocation scheme to organize the compressed data blocks more effectively than existing schemes. Our evaluation using SPEC CPU2006 and PARSEC benchmarks shows that the Free ECC design improves cache capacity utilization and power efficiency significantly, with negligible overhead on overall performance. This new design makes compressed cache an increasingly viable choice for processors with requirements of high reliability.
Prevalence and Characteristics of Dementia in Parkinson Disease (2003)

More than three quarters of this representative PD cohort developed dementia during the 8-year study period. Early hallucinations and akinetic-dominant PD were associated with an increased risk of dementia.
Photoemission from Cesium and Rubidium Tellurides (1953)

Photons of energy hν>3.5 ev eject external photoelectrons from the valence bands of the semiconductors Cs2Te and Rb2Te with a quantum efficiency as high as 30 percent. Fundamental optical absorption sets in roughly at this same point. These materials are similar to Cs3Sb, except that they have forbidden energy zones almost twice as wide. Consistent with this, energy distributions show no evidence for electron-electron scattering up to hν=6.7 ev. These substances are interesting for ultraviolet photometry.
Low-threshold GaInAsSb/GaAlAsSb double-heterostructure lasers grown by LPE (1993)

Ga/sub 0.86/In/sub 0.14/As/sub 0.19/Sb/sub 0.87//Ga/sub 0.79/ Al/sub 0.27/As/sub 0.02/Sb/sub 0.98/ 2.2- mu m lasers grown by liquid-phase epitaxy (LPE) with the lowest threshold current density to date are reported. Using transverse far-field patterns and theoretical calculations for the fundamental mode, the value of the active layer refractive index is estimated as 3.78. It is shown that the development of low-threshold-current stripe lasers is limited by an excessive current spread in the low-resistivity p-type active layer. This is partly solved by making the active region n-type. The minimum I/sub th/ obtained for n-type active layers was 290 mA compared to 800 mA for p-type active layers, the broad-area threshold current being the same (3 kA/cm/sup 2/) in both cases.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Chlorhexidine gluconate, its properties and applications in endodontics. (2008)

The major objective in endodontic therapy is to disinfect the entire root canal system. This requires that the pulpal content be eliminated as sources of infection. This goal may be accomplished by mechanical instrumentation and chemical irrigation, in conjunction with medication of the root canal between treatment sessions. Microorganisms and their by-products are considered to be the major cause of pulpal and periradicular pathosis. In order to reduce or eliminate bacteria from the root canal system, various irrigants have been used during treatment. Chlorhexidine is a cationic solution which can be used during treatment. It has a wide range of antimicrobial activity. Furthermore, because of its cationic structure, chlorhexidine has a unique property named substantivity. The purpose of this paper is to review different aspects of chlorhexidine in endodontics.
Subphonetic modeling for speech recognition (1992)

How to capture important acoustic clues and estimate essential parameters reliably is one of the central issues in speech recognition, since we will never have sufficient training data to model various acoustic-phonetic phenomena. Successful examples include subword models with many smoothing techniques. In comparison with subword models, subphonetic modeling may provide a finer level of details. We propose to model subphonetic events with Markov states and treat the state in phonetic hidden Markov models as our basic sub-phonetic unit --- senone. A word model is a concatenation of state-dependent senones and senones can be shared across different word models. Senones not only allow parameter sharing, but also enable pronunciation optimization and new word learning, where the phonetic baseform is replaced by the senonic baseform. In this paper, we report preliminary subphonetic modeling results, which not only significantly reduced the word error rate for speaker-independent continuous speech recognition but also demonstrated a novel application for new word learning.
Obstacle detection using combination of disparity and optical flow under around view for driver assistance system (2013)

Obstacle detection while driving to prevent a car accident is always an important issue. The optical flow method is employed to detect the obstacles in around view monitor (AVM). However, by using optical flow only, this method sometimes detects error optical flow points. Also, there is no enough feature points to be detected in order to find the region of obstacles. This paper proposes not only combines disparity map and optical flow of the bird's-eye view images in AVM, but also warn drivers that the region of obstacles nearby. We can find the relative heights of each obstacle's feature point by optical flow and use stereo disparity to find the obstacle and its height in the meantime. Furthermore, in the study, using CUDA parallel computation to speed up calculation. Based on the combination of optical flow and stereo disparity information, we can get the region of the obstacles more accurate.
Distributed Weighted Balanced Control of Traffic Signals for Urban Traffic Congestion (2018)

Since urban traffic congestion has become a major problem for big cities in recent years, we propose a distributed control scheme for traffic lights in the network. First, a new criterion called traffic process ability which implies the balance between the traffic demand and traffic capacity of each road is introduced. Moreover, the congestion of a road is mitigated by utilizing the traffic process ability of the neighbors more effectively, where different weights are assigned to roads in each agent according to their importance or the real-time traffic conditions. As only local information is needed, a distributed control scheme in which the road network is divided among several agents is proposed. Furthermore, in order to accelerate the congestion dissipation process, the aggregated state of each agent is introduced into the performance index and balanced with its neighboring agents. The control signals are calculated by agents in a parallel way and the optimization problem is solved iteratively to reach a convergence. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is evaluated by simulation under different scenarios and the performance is compared with the traffic responsive control method SCOOT.
jQuery Mobile: Up and Running (2012)

Would you like to build one mobile web application that works on iPad and Kindle Fire as well as iPhone and Android smartphones? This introductory guide to jQuery Mobile shows you how. Through a series of hands-on exercises, you'll learn the best ways to use this framework's many interface components to build customizable, multiplatform apps. You don't need any programming skills or previous experience with jQuery to get started. By the time you finish this book, you'll know how to create responsive, Ajax-based interfaces that work on a variety of smartphones and tablets, using jQuery Mobile
A super-exponential algorithm for blind deconvolution of MIMO system (2002)

In this paper, a method for MIMO blind deconvolution is proposed. The method is applicable to the case of non-Gaussian i.i.d. input signals. The core of the method is an algorithm which extracts one of the input signals from the information of the output signals only. This algorithm is an non-trivial generalization of the Shalvi-Weinstein algorithm for SISO blind deconvolution and converges in super-exponential rate possibly after finite iterations. By recursive use of this algorithm, extraction of all input signals can be achieved.
Measurement of Soil Moisture Content Using RF Impedance in the Range of 1 to 30MHz (1998)

This study was conducted to measure the moisture content of soil using RF impedance in the range of 1 to 30MHz. Considering the water potential flow in the soils, two types of sensor such as parallel cylinder and perpendicular plate type were fabricated and tested. The capacitance and resistance of sonsors for soil samples having moisture content range of 2 to 27% were measured by Q-meter (HP4342). The higher soil moisture content was and the larger soil bulk density was, the more the capacitance of sensors increased. To eliminate the effect of bulk density on measuring soil moisture content using RF impedance, two kinds of model having the density independent functions such as the ratio of capacitance change to conductance change and weight of water and dry soils respectively were developed and estimated by regression analysis.
A low-power high-linearity CMOS baseband filter for wideband CDMA applications (2002)

In this paper, the design and performance of a CMOS fifth-order low-pass anti-aliasing filter for baseband mobile communication are presented. Based on a differential difference amplifier (DDA), a novel fully-differential Sallen-Key filter is realized. This fifth-order filter operates at a supply voltage of 3 V and has a cutoff frequency of 19 MHz. It provides up to 1 V differential output with 0.03% total harmonic distortion (THD) and dissipates only 4.5 mW. The input IP3 is +39 dBm, and the input-referred noise in the passband is 60 nV//spl radic/(Hz).
Carbon-7 substituted actinomycin D analogs as improved antitumor agents: synthesis and DNA-binding and biological properties (1982)

7-(2,3-Epoxypropoxy)actinomycin D has been synthesized along with its major companion product, 7-(2,3-dihydroxypropoxy)actinomycin D. They were characterized by UV-visible and CD spectra and by NMR studies. According to UV-visible absorptiometry, circular dichroism, and thermal denaturation studies, they bind to DNA in a manner that is comparable to actinomycin D. The analogues are, like actinomycin D, extremely cytotoxic to human lymphoblastic leukemic cells (CCRF-CEM) in vitro but are significantly less toxic than actinomycin D to normal CDF1 mice is vivo. Unlike actinomycin, these analogues are metabolized in rats, and the metabolites are excreted in rat urine at a rapid rate. Compared to actinomycin D, the antitumor activity of the 7-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)actinomycin analogue against P-388 leukemia in mice is decidedly superior, and the therapeutic index is improved several fold.
Interleukin-7 Influences Osteoclast Function In Vivo but Is Not a Critical Factor in Ovariectomy-Induced Bone Loss (2006)

IL-7 deficiency in mice caused increased OC number in bone and decreased bone mass. OVX-induced bone loss in IL-7-deficient mice was selective and occurred in trabecular but not cortical bone.
Quantum size effects on photoluminescence in ultrafine Si particles (1990)

Visible photoluminescence was observed in ultrafine Si particles at room temperature. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that Si microcrystallites were embedded in a Si oxide matrix for the sample which emitted the light. The emission energy depended on crystallite size in the range from 2.8 to 5 nm. The inverse relation between emission energy and the square of the crystallite size indicates that carrier confinement in the Si microcrystallites causes this photoluminescence phenomenon.
Production of Free Conjugated Linoleic Acid by Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus casei of Human Intestinal Origin (2003)

A gas chromatographic procedure was used for analysis of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers cis-9, trans-11-octadecadienoic; trans-10, cis-12 octadecadienoic; and trans-9, trans-11-octadecadienoic (c9t11, t10c12, t9t11) produced by lactobacilli. Four different cultures, two strains each of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus casei were tested for their ability to produce CLA from free linoleic acid in MRS broth supplemented with linoleic acid. Different concentrations of linoleic acid (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.5 mg/ml) were added to MRS broth, inoculated with the lactobacilli, and incubated at 37 degrees C. Viable counts and amounts of individual isomers of CLA (c9t11, t10c12, t9t11) were measured at 0, 24, 48, and 72 h. All the cultures were able to produce free CLA in media supplemented with linoleic acid. Maximum production of CLA (80.14 to 131.63 microg/ml) was observed at 24 h of incubation in broth containing 0.02% of free linoleic acid. No significant (P > 0.05) increases in total CLA levels were observed after 24 h of incubation. The ability of the cultures to produce CLA in skim milk supplemented with 0.02% free linoleic acid also was studied. In this medium, the total amounts of free CLA after 24 h of incubation ranged from 54.31 to 116.53 microg/ml. The use of lactic acid bacteria able to form free CLA in cultured dairy products may have potential health or nutritional benefits. Free CLA in the products likely would be more readily available for absorption from the digestive tract than if it were incorporated into the cells of the starter culture.
EMI Diagnostics of Three Phase Inverters Using Machine Learning Algorithms (2018)

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) is often regarded as a disturbance in electrical systems, and most research focuses on developing techniques to mitigate its impact. EMI is particularly problematic in many sensing applications, but there are circumstances when EMI can be used as the sensing tool. This paper describes a method to determine the health of the DC link capacitance in a three-phase inverter using EMI diagnostics. The proposed approach relies on changes in a capacitor's resonant frequency and impedance, which occur naturally as it ages, to predict its health. These parameters influence the conducted EMI measurements in a manner that is detectable. Through simulation and experimentation, it is demonstrated that this approach can detect changes in a capacitor's health via a machine learning algorithm that is trained to inverters EMI spectrum.
Collaborative Power of Nrf2 and PPAR<i>γ</i> Activators against Metabolic and Drug‐Induced Oxidative Injury (2017)

Mammalian cells have evolved a unique strategy to protect themselves against oxidative damage induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Especially, two transcription factors, nuclear factor erythroid 2p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor <i>γ</i> (PPAR<i>γ</i>), have been shown to play key roles in establishing this cellular antioxidative defense system. Recently, several researchers reported ameliorating effects of pharmacological activators for these Nrf2 and PPAR<i>γ</i> pathways on the progression of various metabolic disorders and drug-induced organ injuries by oxidative stress. In this review, general features of Nrf2 and PPAR<i>γ</i> pathways in the context of oxidative protection will be summarized first. Then, a number of successful applications of natural and synthetic Nrf2 and PPAR<i>γ</i> activators to the alleviation of pathological and drug-related oxidative damage will be discussed later.
Detection of Virulence to Wheat Stem Rust Resistance Gene <i>Sr31</i> in <i>Puccinia graminis</i>. f. sp. <i>tritici</i> in Uganda (2000)

In much of the world, resistance to stem rust in wheat, caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, is based at least in part on the gene Sr31. During February 1999, high levels of stem rust infection were observed on entries in wheat (Triticum aestivum) grown in a nursery at Kalengyere Research Station in Uganda. Because several of the rusted entries were known to carry the 1BL-1RS chromosome translocation containing the Sr31, Lr26, and Yr9 genes for rust resistance, virulence to Sr31 was suspected. Urediniospores, collected in bulk from rusted stems of seven entries containing Sr31, were suspended in light mineral oil and sprayed on primary leaves of 7-day-old seedlings of South African wheat cv. Gamtoos (=Veery #3, pedigree: Kvz/Buho'S'//Kal/BB). Plants were kept overnight at 19 to 21°C in a dew chamber before placement in a greenhouse at 18 to 25°C. After ≈14 days, urediniospores were collected from large, susceptible-type stem rust pustules and subsequently increased on Gamtoos, which served as a selective host for the new rust culture, designated Pgt-Ug99. Pathogenicity of Pgt-Ug99 was studied in seedling tests of available wheats containing Sr31, as well as other stem rust differential lines. All seedling tests were conducted at least three times in independent inoculations. Isolate Pgt-Ug99 was not virulent to Avocet'S'/Yr9 (Australian line containing Sr26) or Oom Charl (South African cultivar) but was virulent to the other Sr31 testers: Alondra 'S', Bobwhite, Chokka, Clement, Federation/Kavkaz, Gamtoos, Grebe, Kavkaz, Letaba, Line E/Kavkaz, RL6078, and Veery 'S'. Virulence to Sr31 (infection types [ITs] 3<sup>-</sup>3 to 3<sup>++</sup>4) was clearly contrasted by the low reactions (ITs 0; to 1) produced by UVPgt53, a South African pathotype avirulent to Sr31. According to the reactions of the differential lines, Pgt-Ug99 is avirulent to Sr21, -22, -24, -25, -26, -27, -29, -32, -33, -34, -35, -36, -39, -40, -42, and -43, Agi, and Em and virulent to Sr5, -6, -7b, -8a, -8b, -9b, -9e, -9g, -11, -15, -17, -30, -31, and -38. Virulence to the T. ventricosum-derived gene Sr38, which is linked to Lr37 and Yr17 and occurs in cultivars from Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States, was not known previously (1). Both Pgt-Ug99 and UVPgt53 produced a continuum of ITs (; to 2+3) on Petkus rye (obtained from the USDA-ARS National Small Grains Collection, Aberdeen, ID), the original Sr31 donor source. Pgt-Ug99 did not appear more virulent than UVPgt53 on Petkus. All triticales tested, as well as oat cv. Overberg, were highly resistant to Pgt-Ug99. According to McIntosh et al. (1), Huerta-Espino mentioned a Sr31-virulent culture from Turkey, but this could not be confirmed. Should the Sr31-virulent pathotype migrate out of Uganda, it poses a major threat to wheat production in countries where the leading cultivars have resistance based on this gene. Reference: (1) R. A. McIntosh et al. 1995. Wheat Rusts: An Atlas of Resistance Genes. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, the Netherlands.
TaqMan® Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction Coupled With Capillary Electrophoresis for Quantification and Identification of <i>bcr-abl</i> Transcript Type (2006)

Real-time TaqMan polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays allow quantification of the initial amount of target in a specimen, specifically, and reproducibly. The major limitation of TaqMan PCR assays is that they do not detect the size of the amplified target sequence. TaqMan PCR coupled with capillary electrophoresis is an alternative approach that can be used to circumvent this limitation. In this chapter, the utility of this approach in the identification and quantification of bcr-abl fusion transcripts produced as a result of t(9;22)(q34;q11) in chronic myelogenous leukemia is described. In this assay, abl primer labeled at its 5'-end with the fluorescent dye NED (Applied Biosystems [ABI], Foster City, CA) is incorporated into the bcr-abl fusion product during the real-time PCR. The incorporated NED fluorescent dye is then used subsequently to identify the specific fusion transcript present in a given specimen by high-resolution capillary electrophoresis and GeneScan (ABI) analysis. Knowledge of the type of fusion transcript present in a specimen is useful to rule out false-positive results and to compare clones before and after therapy.
The ovarian remnant syndrome presenting with acute urinary retention (1989)

The case of a woman presenting with acute urinary retention, which, on investigation, proved to be due to the ovarian remnant syndrome, is reported. This syndrome is rare, with only 36 previously published cases. To our knowledge none has so far presented in this manner.
High power factor correction circuit for low-costelectronic ballasts (1997)

A new low-cost high power factor correction circuit for electronic ballast is presented. The proposed circuit provides good power factor correction, low current harmonic distortion and cost-effectiveness. The prototype meets the IEC555-2 requirements satisfactorily with a power factor of nearly unity.
The Polymerase Chain Reaction (Pcr) for Human Viral Diagnosis (1994)

Introduction to PCR for Viral Diagnosis (J.P. Clewley). The Current Role of PCR in Diagnostic and Public Health Virology (D.W.G. Brown). PCR in Situ: New Technologies with Single-Cell Resolution for the Detection and Investigation of Viral Latency and Persistence (K.A. Staskus, J.E. Embretson, E.F. Retzel, J. Beneke, and A.T. Haase). PCR for the Detection and Characterization of Viral Agents of Gastroenteritis (J. Green and J.P. Norcott). PCR Detection and Analysis of Hepatitis Viruses (B.H. Robertson). Application of PCR to Influenza, Measles, and Mumps (J.S. Robertson and T. Forsey). Detection and Analysis of Human Picornaviruses (G. Stanway and T. Hyypia). Relevance of PCR to Flavivirus Research (D.A. Gadkari). Polymerase Chain Reaction for Rubella Virus Diagnosis (W.F. Carman and E.A.B. McCruden). PCR Technology for Lyssavirus Diagnosis (N. Tordo, H. Bourhy, and D. Sacramento). PCR Methods in the Diagnosis of HIV-1 and HIV-2 Infection (P. Balfe). PCR for the Detection and Discrimination of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type I and Type II Infections (P. Swanson, G.W. Leckie, and H.H. Lee). Herpesvirus--PCR (E. Puchhammer-Stockl). Detection of Human Polymaviruses by PCR (P.E. Gibson). Investigation of Human Parvovirus B19 Infection Using PCR (J.P. Clewley and B.J. Cohen).
Optimization of Extraction Process for Protein and Dietary Fibers from Wheat Bran by Response Surface Analysis (2011)

Wheat bran was used as raw material to extract protein,water-insoluble fiber and water-soluble fiber,respectively.Wheat bran protein and water-soluble dietary fiber were extracted simultaneously by alkaline ethanol extraction-salting out.The removal of water-insoluble dietary fiber was conducted using α-amylase hydrolysis.Based on single factor tests,the optimal extraction process was determined by using central composite design combined with response surface methodology.The results indicated that the optimal extraction process was enzyme addition amount of 270 U/g,enzymatic reaction temperature of 56 ℃,material/liquid ratio of 1:12,ethanol/alkali ratio of 1:4,extraction temperature of 51 ℃,and ammonium sulfate saturation degree of 33%.Under the optimal conditions,the extraction rate of wheat bran protein,water-insoluble dietary fiber and water-soluble dietary fiber were 5.23%,88.76% and 3.08%,respectively.The fitted mathematical models for the extraction rates of wheat bran protein and insoluble dietary fiber had a good feasibility.
A SATURATED CORE RECORDING MAGNETOMETER (1950)

A recording magnetometer operating on the saturated core inductor principle has been constructed. An inverse feed-back system supplies a current to neutralize the field being measured. The neutralization is such that the sensitive element is maintained within 2 or 3 gammas of zero field. The feed-back current is measured by a recording milliameter. Using a feed-back coil of suitable dimensions, the record gives a direct measure of the field.