gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nucleotide sequence and initial functional characterization of the clcR gene encoding a LysR family activator of the clcABD chlorocatechol operon in Pseudomonas putida (1993)

The 3-chlorocatechol operon clcABD is central to the biodegradative pathway of 3-chlorobenzoate. The clcR regulatory gene, which activates the clcABD operon, was cloned from the region immediately upstream of the operon and was shown to complement an insertion mutation for growth on 3-chlorobenzoate. ClcR activated the clcA promoter, which controls expression of the clcABD operon, in trans by 14-fold in an in vivo promoter probe assay in Pseudomonas putida when cells were incubated with 15 mM 3-chlorobenzoic acid. Specific binding of ClcR to the clcR-clcA intergenic promoter region was observed in a gel shift assay. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the clcR gene predicts a polypeptide of 32.5 kDa, which was confirmed by using specific in vivo 35S labeling of the protein from a T7 promoter-controlled ATG fusion construct. ClcR shares high sequence identity with the LysR family of bacterial regulator proteins and has especially high homology to a subgroup of the family consisting of TcbR (57% amino acid sequence identity), TfdS, CatR, and CatM. ClcR was shown to autoregulate its own production in trans to 35% of unrepressed levels but partially relieved this autorepression under conditions that induced transcription at the clcA promoter. Several considerations indicate that the clcR-clcABD locus is most similar to the tcbR-tcbCDEF regulon.
Understanding the research and education needs of the Oregon fruit and vegetable industry (2002)

Published June 2002. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Can gastric health issues in veal calves be related to poor welfare (2016)

Abomasal damage (AD) and poor rumen development (RD) are 2 common gastric impairments in veal calves. The question is: do they negatively impact welfare? We searched for links between gastric health and behavioral indicators of welfare in 2 experiments (Exp). Exp1: 48 calves (8 to 26 wk, 3 calves/pen) were fed milk replacer with 1 of 4 solid feed (SF) amounts (0, 40, 80, 120 kg DM/calf provided over 4 months, twice daily and increased on a weekly basis) with 50% concentrate, 25% maize and 25% straw on DM basis. Exp2: 160 calves (12 to 29 wk, 5 calves/pen) were fed milk replacer with 1 of 4 SF amounts (20, 100, 180, 260 kg DM/calf fed over 4 months, once daily and increased on a weekly basis) and 1 of 2 SF compositions (80% concentrate, 10% maize, 10% straw or the one used in Exp1). Behavior (ruminate, tongue play, manipulate object, lie, groom, play, idle) was noted using instantaneous scan sampling (5 min intervals for 30 min, 7 scans/d) at 24 wk. At slaughter, AD (number and size of lesions) and RD (score from 1 to 4, with 4 being ‘well developed’) were noted. For each Exp, a principal component analysis with behavioral and gastric health variables was done. Loadings >0.40 were considered of interest. The different diets ensured diversity in gastric health and behavioral variables but were not included in the analysis. RD and AD were compared across Exp using genralized linear models. RD was similar in both Exp (1.9±0.05; P=0.381), whereas AD was worse in Exp2 (4.2±0.41 vs 2.2±0.37; P=0.011). The first 2 principal components (PC) had eigenvalues >1 and, together, explained 35.8% and 33.8% of the variance for Exp 1 and 2 respectively. Exp1: PC1 did not include gastric health variables. PC2 loaded high on RD and AD, and low on tongue play. This was expected because RD occurs with high amounts of SF, which increase rumination and decrease tongue playing. Exp2: PC1 loaded high on RD and ruminate, and loaded low on manipulate object and idle: 2 potential indicators of poor welfare. PC2 loaded high on AD, lie and idle, and loaded low on play. RD was linked with indicators of good welfare: i.e. high rumination and low abnormal behaviors, i.e. tongue play and manipulate object. AD was linked with indicators of good welfare (i.e. low tongue play) and poor welfare (i.e. low play). Tongue playing may protect against AD by reducing stress. The association between AD, lie and idle may indicate pain, because animals in pain are less likely to perform active behaviors. Finally, this study does not support the idea that a developed rumen protects against AD.
Substituting for Real Time and Common Knowledge in Distributed Systems (1986)

We study time and knowledge in synchronous and asynchronous reliable distributed systems. For both types of systems, we describe clocks that can be used as if they were perfectly synchronized real-time clocks in the solution of a large class of problems that we formally characterize. For this same class of problems, we also propose a broadcast primitive that can be used as if it achieves common knowledge. Our clocks and broadcast primitive are tools that considerably simplify the task of designing and proving correct distributed algorithms: the designer can assume that processors have access to real-time clocks and the ability to achieve common knowledge. The latter can be used to implement the abstraction of shared memory.
In vivo interstitial glucose characterization and monitoring in the skin by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy (2011)

Successful development of real-time non-invasive glucose monitoring would represent a major advancement not only in the treatment and management of patients with diabetes mellitus and carbohydrate metabolism disorders, but also for understanding in those biochemical, metabolic and (patho-)physiological processes of glucose at the molecular level in vivo. Here, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy technique has been challenged not only for in vivo measurement of interstitial glucose levels, but also for their non-invasive molecular qualitative and quantitative comparative characterization in the skin tissue. The results, based on calculated mean values of determined 5 glucose-specific peaks in the glucose-related 1000-1160 cm-1 region, showed intra- and inter-subject differences in interstitial glucose activity levels with their changes at different times and doses of OGTT, while raising questions about the relationships between interstitial and blood glucose levels. In conclusion, the introduction of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy technique has opened up an access to the interstitial fluid space in the skin tissue for interstitial glucose characterization and monitoring in vivo. Though interstitial versus blood glucose monitoring has different characteristics, it can be argued that accurate and precise measurements of interstitial glucose levels may be more important clinically.
The state of metal surfaces after blasting treatment Part I: Technical aluminium (2002)

Abstract The aluminium–magnesium alloy EN‐AW 5754 is studied with SEM, energy‐dispersive x‐ray imaging (EDX), AES and XPS after treatment by chemical etching and blasting with glass beads or alumina grit. Blasting proves to change more than the surface profile. The freshly treated surfaces are fully covered with a carbon contamination of characteristic oxygen content ‘etch ≪ glass ≪ grit’ and average thickness ‘grit ≪ glass ≪ etch < 10 nm’. Beneath the carbon, an oxide mix is found as a continuous layer on the Al matrix. The oxide Na 2 O is transferred from both blast materials whereas CaO is observed after glass bead treatment only. Etching almost removes Mg but blasting retains traces of MgO. On the etched surface, the oxide layer (average thickness: glass ≪ etch ≪ grit < 10 nm) is Al 2 O 3 . Just after blasting with glass or alumina Al 2 O 2.9 and Al 2 O 1.3 , respectively, are detected. After glass blasting, these Al atoms continue to oxidize whereas the incomplete Al oxide is almost stable after alumina blasting. These findings show that blasting produces particular chemical states that rule the interaction between the aluminium alloy and another material such as a coating or adhesive. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bilayer PseudoSpin Field-Effect Transistor (BiSFET): A Proposed New Logic Device (2009)

We propose a new type of graphene-based transistor intended to allow lower voltage, lower power operation than possible with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) field-effect transistors. Increased energy efficiency is not only important for its own sake, but is also necessary to allow continued device scaling and the resulting increase in computational power in CMOS-like logic circuits. We describe the basic device structure and physics and predicted current-voltage characteristics. Advantages over CMOS in terms of lower voltage and power are discussed.
Analysis of the Production of Hydrogen from Alcohol from an Energy-Exchange Perspective (2004)

This paper analyzes hydrogen production from alcohol with a pair of electrodes from an energy-exchange perspective. The electric energy between the electrodes was transformed into the kinetic energy of the emitted electrons and alcohol molecules for inducing their collisions. The collision caused the decomposition of alcohol molecules and the dissociation of hydrogen ions. The hydrogen ions were attracted to the negative electrode and produced hydrogen molecules during the electrode's electrical neutrality. Application of the classical electromagnetic theory was useful for understanding the series of reactions from an energy-exchange perspective.
Shifts of the 1<i>A</i>−<i>g</i>→1<i>B</i>+<i>u</i>electronic absorption of carotenoids in nonpolar and polar solvents (1994)

The 1B+u energy of carotenoids (spheroidene, neurosporene, and β carotene) exhibits a linear dependence on R(n)=(n2−1)/(n2+2) in both nonpolar and polar solvents: The 1B+u energy is more stabilized in polar solvents in the limit of R(n)→0, and the line for polar solvents has a gentler slope. [As a result, the line for polar solvents crosses the line for nonpolar solvents at R(n)≂0.3.] A theory has been developed, which explains the aforementioned observations as follows. In polar solvents, an electric field is generated by fluctuation of the solvent permanent dipoles, and it affects the rodlike, conjugated chain of the carotenoid in a long spheroidal cavity. The electric field stabilizes the 1B+u energy through the polarization effect and it substantially reduces the dispersive interaction. The higher transition multipoles, rather than the transition dipole of carotenoid, play major roles in the aforementioned interactions between the carotenoid and the solvent molecules.
Stone Weathering in a Photograph (2011)

Abstract The appearance of weathering effects on stone is important for creating outdoor scenes in computer graphics. To achieve them, previous research has built upon physical simulation, which, while yielding a degree of realism, is computationally expensive and inapplicable to the situation when the object geometry is unknown. Also, physical simulation requires specific knowledge of the stone properties and environmental processes. In this paper, we present a simple visual simulation pipeline for creating weathering effects on stone within a single image. Two primary effects of stone weathering, i.e., smoothing and roughening , are considered. In addition, erosion on the object silhouette is treated. These challenging effects involve significant geometry changes, which are intractable for previous image‐based editing techniques. The effectiveness of our technique is illustrated on a variety of scenes and types of stone. While it can be fully automatic, it also allows easy user interaction.
Synthesis of Enantiopure 1‐Substituted, 1,2‐Disubstituted, and 1,4,5‐Trisubstituted Imidazoles from 1,2‐Amino Alcohols. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Giantmagnetoimpedance Effect of La<sub>0.6</sub>Bi<sub>0.1</sub>Sr<sub>0.3</sub>MnO<sub>3</sub> at Room Temperature (2012)

Abstract not Available.
Long-Term Driving Behaviour Modelling for Driver Identification (2018)

Driver identification constitutes an important enabling technology in intelligent transportation systems, allowing the development and the use of in-car personalised functionalities and thwarting unauthorised usage. In this work, we leverage the literature in authentication tasks (e.g, speaker recognition) and present a framework for driver identification which employs Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Universal Background Model schemes. Our framework operates on accelerator and break pedal signals, and thus augments other technologies, such as microphones or cameras, if present. Moreover, our framework is compatible with vehicles which are limited to traditional sensing modalities. We evaluate the framework on 15 hours of driving data for a total of 416 Km travelled, comprising of messages from the CAN bus of an electric vehicle and GPS traces from four different drivers travelling on the same route, obtaining an accuracy of over 95% in the identification rate. Furthermore, our evaluation shows that UBM schemes outperform classification approaches traditionally adopted in driver identification literature by a significant margin.
Calculations of plasma wavelength in highly doped III-V semiconductor alloys (1994)

A detailed study of the dependence of the plasma wavelength on the doping concentration in ternary and quaternary III-V semiconductor alloys has been made. The band-structure properties are included in the calculations by applying the triple-band effective-mass equations to an extended Drude formula. The results show that for high doping levels the plasma wavelengths of the considered materials (InAsxSb1−x, GaxIn1−xSb, GaAs1−xSbx, In1−xGaxAs, In1−xGaxAsyP1−y, and AlxGayIn1−x−yAs) saturate into the 10-μm-wavelength region (the smaller the band gap, the larger the saturation wavelength). The optimal material group for the realization of the plasma resonance for 10.6 μm (CO2 lasers) seems to be In0.53Ga0.47As. Numerical fits for the plasma wavelength and the optical effective mass are provided.
Synthesis and characterization of poly(N-acyl orN-aroyl ethylenimines) containing various pendant functional groups. II. Copolymers with pendant hydroxyl groups (1996)

Poly(N-acylethylenimines) with hydroxyl groups randomly attached to the end of the side chains were synthesized from decenyl/heptyl oxazoline random copolymers. The terminal olefin groups in the polymer side chains react quantitatively with 9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane (9-BBN) in THF solvent. The hydroborated polymers can be oxidized and transformed to the polymers with (SINGLE BOND)OH in their side chains. The polymer backbone is very stable in the hydroboration and oxidation reaction environment. The polymers were named as DH-OH or DM(m/n)-OH, where m and n represent the calculated numbers of monomers with and without the (SINGLE BOND)OH group, respectively. The DH(m/n)-OH copolymers were studied by DSC, wide-angle x-ray diffraction, contact angle measurement, and FT–IR. They are crystalline and show birefringence. In polymers with high concentration of hydroxyl groups, the (SINGLE BOND)OH groups promote polymer crystallization due to their strong interactions. They have very high ΔH of fusion, sharp crystallization peaks, and small supercoolings. Wide-angle x-ray diffraction study of these polymers demonstrated that their alkyl side chains are not fully extended in crystalline domain as those in the DH copolymers. Data from advancing water/ethanol mixture contact angle measurement indicates that most of the (SINGLE BOND)OH groups in the copolymers are buried and the polymer surface is mainly composed of methyl or methylene group. FT–IR study in the carbonyl stretching region proves that the (SINGLE BOND)OH groups can bend back and form hydrogen bonding with the carbonyl groups in the polymer backbone. Though the DH–OH polymers show basically a hydrocarbon surface in a normal environment, both receding water contact angle and peel strength measurements demonstrate that the polymer surfaces can reorganize when they are in contact with a polar liquid. The buried (SINGLE BOND)OH groups can be “pulled” out by polar agents such as water or tape adhesive. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
ChemInform Abstract: DARST. UND EIGENSCHAFTEN VON TETRAKIS(2,2,2,2)PARACYCLOPHAN‐DERIVATEN (1972)

Abstract Das Cyclophan (IIa) wurde durch Wurtzsche Synthese aus dem Chlorid (I) dargestellt.
Cell cycle and growth control (1994)

Increments in our understanding of eukaryotic cell cycle and growth control have accrued steadily during the past several decades. Landmark contributions initially involved subdivision of the cell cycle into four discrete periods-G1 (postmitotic presynthetic), S-phase (DNA replication), G2 (postsynthetic premitotic), and mitotic. Also early on, the requirements of transcription and translation for the onset of DNA replication and mitotic division were established by elegant studies using inhibitors of RNA and protein synthesis. The identification of growth factors and growth factor receptors that mediate competency for proliferation and progression through the cell cycle past a GI restriction point provided the basis for pursuit of proliferation-related regulatory mechanisms from both conceptual and experimental standpoints. The identification of proteins that exhibit activity which is preferentially or completely restricted to specific periods of the cell cycle and the characterization of the genes encoding these cell cycle-regulated proteins have been instrumental in focusing on defined components of control mechanisms operative during proliferation. It was the identification and characterization of a series of cell cycle mutants in yeast which yielded valuable insight into growth regulatory proteins and factors that modulate activities of these cell cycle regulatory molecules (e.g., cyclins and cyclin-related kinases). Equally important for our understanding of cell cycle regulatory mechanisms has been increased awareness of the multiple roles of oncogenes and tumor suppressors, many of which encode growth factors, growth factor receptors or molecules which mediate growth factor activity.
Concerning the Regiochemical Course of the Diels−Alder Reaction in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTConcerning the Regiochemical Course of the Diels−Alder Reaction in Supercritical Carbon DioxideAdam R. Renslo, Randy D. Weinstein, Jefferson W. Tester, and Rick L. DanheiserView Author Information Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 13, 4530–4533Publication Date (Web):June 27, 1997Publication History Received12 March 1997Published online27 June 1997Published inissue 1 June 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo9704523https://doi.org/10.1021/jo9704523brief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views591Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Addition reactions,Mixtures,Selectivity,Solvents,Supercritical fluids Get e-Alerts
Determination of 1-keV to 1-MeV Neutron Flux by Radiative Capture (n, $\gamma $ ) on92,94 Zr Dosimeters (2017)

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">92,94</sup> Zr application in neutron reactor dosimetry. We aim to detect neutron flux in 1-keV to 1-MeV energy range by irradiating <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">92,94</sup> Zr samples under boron nitride (BN) filter. The presence of BN is needed in order to cut off thermal neutron contribution. This paper describes Zr irradiation and experimental results that were obtained by y spectrometry and accelerator mass spectrometry. In parallel, Zr irradiation is modeled with Monte Carlo-based code for neutron transport-TRIPOLI-4v10 developed by CEA (Saclay). Experimental values of <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">95</sup> Zr activity and <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">93Zr/92</sup> Zr ratio are compared to calculation results. Since crosssection values are necessary for the neutron flux determination, we present here the comparison between several nuclear data libraries for radiative capture on <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">92,94</sup> Zr. Uncertainties for calculation/experience (C/E) ratios are obtained combining both experimental and nuclear data ones. This paper shows the feasibility of 1-keV to 1-MeV neutron detection by using <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">92,94</sup> Zr (n, y) reaction and introduces a postirradiation analysis for reactor dosimetry based on accelerator mass spectrometry. It also reveals that more precise evaluation of <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">92,94</sup> Zr (n, y) cross section is required in order to improve C/E values.
Cross-species transmission of PERV appears unlikely (2000)

Pig organs have been proposed to address the shortage of human donor tissue for solid-organ transplantation, cellular transplantation, and a handful of extracorporeal therapies. Human case reports already exist regarding the use of porcine tissue in extracorporeal liver perfusion At least one extracorporeal bioartificial liver containing porcine hepatocytes has completed preliminary (phase I) testing. 6 However, reports of human cells infected by a C-type porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) 7-9 raise
Total Synthesis of 6-Epi-Erythronolide Derivatives (1992)

A concise convergent synthesis of 6-epi-erythronolide B 3,5-acetonide and of (9R)-dihydro-6-epi-erythronolide B from (R)-2, 3-O-isopropylideneglyceraldehyde is described. The key step in the synthesis involves the coupling of two aldehydes, comprising the C1-C6 and the C9-C13 portions of the target molecule, across a formal acetylide dianion (C7-C8 (Scheme 1).
Selective Shielding of a p-Si Detector for Quality Independence (1985)

p-silicon semiconductor detectors were partially shielded with lead filters of various geometries with the purpose to minimize the quality dependence in assessments of depth dose distributions in large fields of cobalt radiation. It is shown that a lead shielding of the detector, with the front side excluded, reduced the signal error from about 3 to less than one per cent of the maximum signal as compared with an ionization chamber. Shielding was also done by encapsulating the detector in a mixture of wolfram powder and epoxy resin, with similar results. The signal received at the surface was not affected by this filter geometry. The directional dependence was investigated and was far from uniform for the wolfram-shielded detector. This will however not cause any practical problems when the detector is oriented towards the radiation source.