gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Resource allocation in DMT transmitters with per-tone pulse shaping (2008)

Per-tone pulse shaping has been proposed as an alternative to time domain spectral shaping for DMT transmitters, e.g. VDSL modems. It shapes the spectrum of individual tones such that the stop band energy of each tone can be minimized. This in particular enables transmitter to use more tones without violating the PSD mask constraint for data transmission. In per-tone pulse shaping based DMT transmitters a fixed length pulse shaping filter is typically used for every tone. The tones in the middle of the pass band however, contribute less to the overall stop band energy, so that using a high order pulse shaping filter for these tones does not result in a significant reduction of the stop band energy. As a result a significant number of pulse shaping filter taps are wasted on the tones in the middle of the pass band and do not bring any performance gain. Using a variable length pulse shaping filter which is designed such that the PSD mask constraint is not violated can then significantly reduce the total number of pulse shaping filter taps without compromising performance. In this paper, a resource allocation technique is presented for variable length pulse shaping filter design using a dual problem formulation. This optimally solves the problem of pulse shaping filter tap distribution over tones for given PSD mask constraints, with a relatively low complexity.
Study on the Nanocrystallization Mechanism by Ball Milling and its Application to Surface Nanocrystallization of Bulk Steel Samples. (2003)

The mechanism of nanocrystallization in steels by ball milling was studied. The importance of severe plastic deformation at high strain rate rather than repeated cold-welding was recognized. This idea was confirmed by the nanocrystallization in other deformation methods such as a ball drop, a particle impact and shot peening deformations those can apply similar severe plastic deformation to specimens with that of ball milling. The nanocrystalline structure produced by these methods has essentially the same characteristics; sharp boundary with work-hardened region, dissolution of cementite, substantial high hardness (about 10 GPa) and without recrystallization and slow grain growth by annealing. It was proposed that a large strain (larger than 7.3 in true strain) and high strain rate (above about 104/s) are necessary deformation conditions to produce nanocrystalline structure in steels. It was suggested that shot peening is the most practical technique to produce nanocrystalline surface layer.
INTERACTION OF DNA WITH ANTITUMOR ACTIVE PLATINUM COMPLEXES. PLATINUM COMPLEXES INVOLVING MESO DIAMINE LIGAND GAVE TWO Pt-d(GpG) ADDUCTS (1986)

Abstract Reaction products of Pt(meso-diamine)2+ involving bulky substituted group with DNA were investigated by using enzymatic digestion technique. Main Pt-adducts were complexes with an intrastrand crosslink between two adjacent guanine bases through N7, N7. Stereoselectivity arised from steric hindrance was observed.
New Approaches to the Use and Integration of Multi-Sensor Remote Sensing for Historic Resource Identification and Evaluation (2006)

This is the final report on a SERDP research project whose focus is the identification of specific combinations of remote sensors and data integration methods for the detection, identification, and interpretation of cultural resources in various environments and archaeological circumstances. The extensive suite of sensor technologies employed for this task include magnetometry, magnetic susceptibility, electrical resistivity, electromagnetic conductivity, ground penetrating radar, aerial thermal infrared and high resolution multispectral satellite imagery. The results of the research illustrate the very substantive subsurface site characteristics that are discoverable from integrative methods used. Based on these results a dramatically clearer picture of the subsurface is realized, compared to traditional site evaluative methods. By more clearly imaging the totality of information about the subsurface from all sources, a better understanding of site content, structure, and organization may also be achieved.
Knockdown of hepatic GnRH reduces liver fibrosis in a mouse model of PSC (2017)

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease characterized by progressive inflammation and fibrosis of intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts. [1]. Cholangiocyte proliferation occurs in all pathologic conditions of liver injury where it is associated with inflammation and regeneration. During these processes, biliary cells start to secrete different cytokines, growth factors, neuropeptides and hormones which represent potential mechanisms for cross talk with other liver cells [2].Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a trophic peptide hormone synthesized by hypothalamic neurons and biliary epithelium and exerts its biological effects on cholangiocytes by interaction with the receptor subtype, GnRHR1, expressed by both cholangiocytes and HSCs[3]. Studies have shown that microRNA-200b is associated with the progression of hepatic fibrosis. However, the role of GnRH/GnRHR1/miR-200b axis in the progression of hepatic fibrosis in PSC is unknown. Using a mouse model of PSC (Mdr2-/-), we found that hepatic knockdown of GnRH decreased IBDM and liver fibrosis. In vivo, treatment with GnRH increases the expression of miR-200b and markers of fibrosis with an upregulation of the GnRH/GnRHR1 axis and miR-200b in human PSC samples. In vitro, inhibition of miR-200b decreases fibrotic gene expression in cultured murine cholangiocyte and HSC lines. In conclusion, these findings provides novel insights that the modulation of the GnRH/GnRHR1/miR-200b axis may regulates the progression of liver fibrosis in PSC.
NONLINEAR EFFECTS IN FLOATING PLATFORM RESPONSE USING TIME-DOMAIN SIMULATION METHODS (1993)

Two numerical simulation models to predict large-amplitude motions of floating platforms are presented. The first method is based on the application of the relative-velocity formulation of Morison's equation for force calculations. The second method developed in this work uses the three-dimensional potential theory in time domain. In this method both the Froude-Krylov and scattering forces are calculated by considering finite wave-amplitude effects in random waves. The effect of various nonlinearities on the low-frequency motions and high-frequency tether-tension responses of a tension leg platform are studied using these simulation models in connection with power spectral methods. The presence of current and the nonlinear drag force are observed to have a significant effect on the low-frequency motions and tether tensions.
Long‐term effects on vascular healing of bare metal stents delivered via paclitaxel‐coated balloons in the porcine model of restenosis (2012)

The long-term pattern of vascular healing occurring following PCB+BMS deployment appears to be comparable to what has been reported with DES technologies.
Neurite outgrowth at the interface of 2D and 3D growth environments (2008)

Growing neurons navigate complex environments, but in vitro systems for studying neuronal growth typically limit the cues to flat surfaces or a single type of cue, thereby limiting the resulting growth. Here we examined the growth of neurons presented with two-dimensional (2D) substrate-bound cues when these cues were presented in conjunction with a more complex three-dimensional (3D) architecture. Dorsal root ganglia (DRG) explants were cultured at the interface between a collagen I matrix and a glass coverslip. Laminin (LN) or chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPG) were uniformly coated on the surface of the glass coverslip or patterned in 50 microm tracks by microcontact printing. Quantitative analysis of neurite outgrowth with a novel grid system at multiple depths in the gel revealed several interesting trends. Most of the neurites extended at the surface of the gel when LN was presented whereas more neurites extended into the gel when CSPG was presented. Patterning of cues did not affect neurite density or depth of growth. However, neurite outgrowth near the surface of the gel aligned with LN patterns, and these extensions were significantly longer than neurites extended in other cultures. In interface cultures, DRG growth patterns varied with the type of cue where neurite density was higher in cultures presenting LN than in cultures presenting CSPG. These results represent an important step toward understanding how neurons integrate local structural and chemical cues to make net growth decisions.
Adjunctive thrombus aspiration and mechanical protection from distal embolization in primary percutaneous intervention for acute myocardial infarction (2000)

Primary percutaneous intervention for acute occlusion of a native coronary artery may be complicated by distal embolization of plaque or thrombotic debris, with infarct extension. We tested the clinical application of a new therapeutic strategy combining maximal antiplatelet therapy, with glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibition, and adjunctive mechanical protection from distal embolization and direct aspiration of thrombus with a new balloon and catheter system (PercuSurge™). Successful aspiration of thrombus could be obtained in 7 out of 8 attempted procedures, with inability to negotiate the angulated take-off of the circumflex coronary artery in one patient. The current mechanical characteristics of the device, primarily developed for use in larger saphenous vein grafts, and certain caveats and limitations are discussed. New dedicated systems should be available in the near future for the native coronary circulation. Excellent immediate angiographic results were obtained in all treated patients, without evidence of loss of distal branches and no intraprocedural complications. Cathet. Cardiovasc. Intervent. 50:362–370, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Antiestrogenic Activity of Extracts of Diesel Exhaust Particulate Matter in MCF-7 Human Breast Carcinoma Cells (2002)

Diesel exhaust particulate matter (DEP) was collected from three commercial diesel engine vehicles and DEP extracts (DEPEs) were prepared from each. The estrogenic and antiestrogenic activities of the DEPE samples were examined using an estrogen response element (ERE)-driven luciferase reporter gene assay in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. While DEPE samples did not exhibit significant estrogen agonist activity alone, they suppressed 17 g -estradiol (E 2 )-induced luciferase activity without decreasing cell viability. Several polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) acting as aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonists were detected in the DEPEs and their concentrations were higher in DEPE samples with higher antiestrogenic activity. DEPE samples elevated cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1 activity. f -Naphthoflavone, an AhR antagonist, and SKF-525A, a nonselective CYP inhibitor, reversed and enhanced the antiestrogenic activity of DEPE samples, respectively. These results demonstrate that DEPE has antiestrogenic activity and this effect is primarily due to the PAH constituents acting as AhR agonists.
Boosting The Efficiency: Unconventional Waveform Design For Efficient Wireless Power Transfer (2015)

Traditionally, wireless power is delivered through single-carrier, continuous-wave (CW) signals. Most research efforts to enhance the efficiency of wireless power transfer systems have been confined to the circuit-level design. However, in recent years, attention has been paid to the waveform design for wireless power transmission. It has been found that signals featuring a high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) can provide efficiency improvement when compared with CW signals. A number of approaches have been proposed, such as multisines/multicarrier orthogonal frequency division multiplex (OFDM) signals, chaotic signals, harmonicsignals, ultrawideband (UWB) signals, intermittent CW (ICW) signals, or white-noise signals. This article reviews these techniques with a focus on multisines/multicarrier signals, harmonic signals, and chaotic signals. A theoretical explanation for efficiency improvement is provided and accompanied by experimental results. Circuit design considerations are presented for the receiver side, and efficient transmission architectures are also described with an emphasis on spatial power combining.
Paracrine Overexpression of IGFBP-4 in Osteoblasts of Transgenic Mice Decreases Bone Turnover and Causes Global Growth Retardation (2003)

Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 4 (IGFBP-4) is abundantly expressed in bone and is generally believed to function as an inhibitor of IGF action. To investigate the function of locally produced IGFBP-4 in bone in vivo, we targeted expression of IGFBP-4 to osteoblasts using a human osteocalcin promoter to direct transgene expression. IGFBP-4 protein levels in calvaria of transgenic (OC-BP4) mice as measured by Western ligand blot were increased 25-fold over the endogenous level. Interestingly, levels of IGFBP-5 were decreased in the OC-BP4 mice, possibly because of a compensatory alteration in IGF-1 action. Morphometric measurements showed a decrease in femoral length and total bone volume in transgenic animals compared with the controls. Quantitative histomorphometry at the distal femur disclosed a striking reduction in bone turnover in the OC-BP4 mice. Osteoblast number/bone length and bone formation rate/bone surface in OC-BP4 mice were approximately one-half that seen in control mice. At birth, OC-BP4 mice were of normal size and weight but exhibited striking postnatal growth retardation. Organ allometry (mg/g body weight) analysis revealed that, whereas most organs exhibited a proportional reduction in weight, calvarial and femoral wet weights were disproportionally small (approximately 70% and 80% of control, respectively). In conclusion, paracrine overexpression of IGFBP-4 in the bone microenvironment markedly reduced cancellous bone formation and turnover and severely impaired overall postnatal skeletal and somatic growth. We attribute these effects to the sequestration of IGF-1 by IGFBP-4 and consequent impairment of IGF-1 action in skeletal tissue.
Quantum Dot Superluminescent Diodes for Optical Coherence Tomography: Skin Imaging (2010)

We present a high-power (18 mW continuous wave exiting a single-mode fiber and 35 mW exiting the facet), broadband (85 nm full-width at half-maximum) quantum dot-based superluminescent diode, and apply it to a time-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) setup. First, we test its performance with increasing optical feedback. Then we demonstrate its imaging properties on tissue-engineered (TE) skin and <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">in vivo</i> skin. OCT allows the tracking of epidermal development in TE skin, while the higher power source allows better sensitivity and depth penetration for imaging of <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">in vivo</i> skin layers.
Optimal Constellations Design for Trellis Coded Unitary Space-Time Modulation (2006)

We give a new formulation of the problem of signal design based on the design criteria for trellis coded unitary space-time communication system. Two key differences in our approach from that of previous method are that we not only combine the constellation design and set partition process together, we also use directly the Chernoff bound of the pairwise probability of error as design metric, which is a better figure of merit than previously used chordal distance, for unitary constellation design. By novelly employing a theorem for the Clarke subdifferential of the sum of the k largest singular values of the unitary matrix, we present a numerical optimization procedure for finding good constellations and report the best signal constellations found. Simulation results show that these constellations improve significantly upon the previously used constellations of unitary space-time signals.
Who Should Place Peritoneal Dialysis Catheters? (2010)

It is improbable that nephrologists can expand the scope of their practice to assume the additional role of dialysis access providers. The performance of the existing surgical workforce can be enhanced through medical society-sponsored educational activities, channeling access procedures to designated surgeons, and improved remuneration through outcomes-based incentive programs.
Mutual remote attestation in IPSec based VPN (2012)

Secure communication between computer systems is normally established using secure tunnel technologies such as Internet Protocol Security (IPSec). IPSec protocol guarantees authenticity of communication and secure the data at each gateway but it does not provide any assurance on the entity authentication. So, it is important to make sure the trustworthiness of the remote party that already has a faithful system. Trusted Computing Group (TCG) has introduced a platform to solve this issue into the mainstream computer industry through their main approach called Trusted Platform Module (TPM). TPM is a security module which has been designed to store information of system events securely as well as the key component in the attestation realization. Trusted Computing Platform (TCP) provides a mechanism to supports attestation by its Platform Configuration Registers (PCR) which has become the integrity measurement of a platform. Attestation is a mechanism to provide remote assurance of the state of the hardware component running on a computing device. This paper, proposes an extension to the IPSec key exchange protocol by establishing properties-based attestation using key management service. An embedded attestation extension is provided in VPN communication such as IPSec protocol by establishing mutual properties based attestation using key management service (KeyMS) measurement value as properties. Hence, the proposed approach will protect both sender's and receiver's platforms integrity at their respective gateways
Proton Conductance and the Existence of the H3O· Ion (1956)

Measurements of the conductance of HCl in water, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, ethylene glycol, glycerol, 1:4 dioxane, acetone, formic, and acetic acids and the respective aqueous-nonaqueous systems have been made as a function of concentration of water and HCl. The degree of anomalous proton conductance decreases with increasing n in CnH2n+1OH, and conductance minima occur in aqueous alcoholic HCl solutions of low H2O content. Former theories of proton conductance have permitted no quantitative distinction to be made between the rates of classical proton transfer, quantum-mechanical tunneling transfer, and water rotation as rate determining stages. If resonance in H3O· is set up sufficiently quickly after arrival of a given proton at a water molecule, rotation of H3O· cannot be a rate determining step. Detailed calculations of the rates of classical proton transfer, tunnel transfer, and the rate of rotation of water are made. Classical transfer is much slower and tunnel transfer much faster than corresponds to the observed proton mobility; rotation of hydrogen bonded water molecules near the H3O· ion is the rate determining reaction (preceded and succeeded by fast tunneling of protons). This conclusion is quantitatively consistent with the OH′ mobility in water, and the H·/D· mobility ratio and qualitatively consistent with pressure and temperature effects and with the absence of abnormal mobility of NH4· and NH2′ in liquid NH3. A detailed interpretation of the dependence of abnormal conductance upon chain length in ROH gives fair quantitative agreement with experiment. The conductance minima observed in aqueous alcoholic HCl are quasi-quantitatively predicted by the theory. The proton spends about 1% of its time undergoing tunnel transfers; the effective existence of the H3O· ion is thus confirmed.
Current transport across the pentacene/CVD-grown graphene interface for diode applications (2012)

We investigate the electronic transport properties across the pentacene/graphene interface. Current transport across the pentacene/graphene interface is found to be strikingly different from transport across pentacene/HOPG and pentacene/Cu interfaces. At low voltages, diodes using graphene as a bottom electrode display Poole–Frenkel emission, while diodes with HOPG and Cu electrodes are dominated by thermionic emission. At high voltages conduction is dominated by Poole–Frenkel emission for all three junctions. We propose that current across these interfaces can be accurately modeled by a combination of thermionic and Poole–Frenkel emission. Results presented not only suggest that graphene provides low resistive contacts to pentacene where a flat-laying orientation of pentacene and transparent metal electrodes are desired but also provides further understanding of the physics at the organic semiconductor/graphene interface.
Sketching Uncertainty into Simulations (2012)

In a variety of application areas, the use of simulation steering in decision making is limited at best. Research focusing on this problem suggests that most user interfaces are too complex for the end user. Our goal is to let users create and investigate multiple, alternative scenarios without the need for special simulation expertise. To simplify the specification of parameters, we move from a traditional manipulation of numbers to a sketch-based input approach. Users steer both numeric parameters and parameters with a spatial correspondence by sketching a change onto the rendering. Special visualizations provide immediate visual feedback on how the sketches are transformed into boundary conditions of the simulation models. Since uncertainty with respect to many intertwined parameters plays an important role in planning, we also allow the user to intuitively setup complete value ranges, which are then automatically transformed into ensemble simulations. The interface and the underlying system were developed in collaboration with experts in the field of flood management. The real-world data they have provided has allowed us to construct scenarios used to evaluate the system. These were presented to a variety of flood response personnel, and their feedback is discussed in detail in the paper. The interface was found to be intuitive and relevant, although a certain amount of training might be necessary.
Effect of lateral cervical cord lesions on the respiratory rhythm of anaesthetized, decerebrate cats after vagotomy (1973)

1. The lateral cervical cord of vagotomized, anaesthetized cats was superficially lesioned at the C3 or the C7 level before or after midcollicular decerebration.2. These cord lesions eliminated the inhibition of diaphragmatic discharge caused by chest compression. Previous work (Remmers, 1973) indicates that this change can be attributed to loss of reflex inhibition of inspiratory activity by intercostal afferents, probably as a result of interruption of tracts ascending in the lateral columns.3. Decerebrate cats with bilateral cervical cord lesions displayed abnormal respiratory patterns, ranging from apnoea to apneusis.4. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that the lateral columns carry proprioceptive feed-back from intercostal mechanoreceptors which promotes rhythmic breathing in the anaesthetized decerebrate cat.
Excitation spectra of the Ce monopnictides within dynamical mean-field theory (1998)

The excitation spectra of the Ce monopnictides CeN, CeP, and CeAs are calculated using a lattice tight-binding model including the local Coulomb repulsion U on the Ce 4f orbitals. The model is treated within the dynamical mean-field theory, whereby the problem is mapped onto an effective Anderson impurity model. This is solved in a finite-U extension of the noncrossing approximation, including lowest-order crossing diagrams. The lattice model is parametrized by means of ab initio calculations. The calculated spectra are in good agreement with experiment. In particular, dispersive quasiparticle peak positions are found close to the Fermi edge in CeP. CeN shows metallic Fermi-liquid behavior with a correlation-induced mass enhancement factor of $\ensuremath{\sim}$5 around the Fermi level.