gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Impact of Orthoclone OKT3 on liver transplantation. (1987)

Advances in immunosuppression and refinements in surgical procedures have led to improved organ and patient survival in vascularized allograft transplantation. An increased understanding of allograft rejection mechanisms has made it possible to plan a rational program for developing and testing new reagents for the reversal of acute rejection. In the forefront of this generation of Pharmaceuticals available for treating allograft rejection is the mouse anti-human T-cell antibody ORTHOCLONE OKT3 (Ortho Pharmaceutical Corp, Raritan, NJ).

In several clinical trials, Orthoclone OKT3, in conjunction with azathioprine and steroids, has demonstrated a marked ability to reverse established acute renal allograft rejection.1-3 Clinical trials using this bioreagent in conjunction with cyclosporine (Cs) and steroids have recently been conducted4 in an attempt to decrease the high rate of recurrent rejection seen in earlier trials using azathioprine and steroids.

We have previously reported the results of our pilot, randomized trial using Orthoclone OKT3 v high-dose steroids in conjunction with Cs and steroids for the treatment of acute hepatic allograft rejection.4 This early study revealed a higher rate of reversal of rejection with Orthoclone OKT3 than with high-dose steroids. Using combined data from three transplant centers, Cosimi et al5 subsequently confirmed our findings in their randomized clinical study of Orthoclone OKT3 v high-dose steroids for reversal of acute liver allograft rejection.5

In order to better define the conditions for Orthoclone OKT3 therapy during allograft dysfunction, we further expanded our studies to include 52 hepatic and ten renal allograft recipients.6 Not only did we document the efficacy of Orthoclone OKT3 in reversing acute cell-mediated allograft rejection, but we found that the high incidence of recurrent rejection seen with azathioprine and steroids did not occur when Cs and steroids were used as baseline immunosuppression.

In the current report, an additional 105 patients were treated with Orthoclone OKT3 for acute hepatic allograft dysfunction. In addition to further analysis of the efficacy of Orthoclone OKT3 for reversal of acute hepatic rejection, we have analyzed the impact of Orthoclone OKT3 on liver transplantation at this institution by taking into account overall graft and patient survival.
Prospective study on the reversibility of neurobehavioral effects in workers exposed to manganese dioxide. (1999)

In 1987, a cross-sectional study in a dry-alkaline battery plant in Belgium revealed subclinical neurobehavioral dysfunctions associated with inhalation exposure to manganese dioxide (MnO2) particulate. The overall geometric mean of the time-weighted average concentration of manganese (Mn) in "total" dust (MnT) amounted, at that time, to 1 mg Mn/m3 and the duration of exposure was 5.5 years on average. An 8-year longitudinal investigation was conducted in this cohort (n = 92) in order to find out whether early effects on eye-hand coordination (EHC), hand steadiness (HST), and simple visual reaction time (VRT) were reversible when the airborne manganese concentration at the workplace was abated. During the observation period from 1988 to 1995, MnT monitoring was implemented on a monthly basis producing more than 1300 personal air samples, EHC tests were given yearly to assess the precision of the hand-forearm movement (PN1), and HST and VRT tests were carried out yearly since 1991. By the end of the study, the cohort size had dropped to 34 subjects. The model of unbalanced repeated measurements with unstructured covariance matrix and a time-varying covariate (log MnT) was the most appropriate to analyze the data. Wald chi 2 statistic was used for testing time-trends. The reduction of MnT over time was significantly associated with an improvement of the PN1 values (total cohort: Wald chi 2 = 8.5, p = 0.004; beta log MnT = -6.098 +/- 2.096). Like in the total cohort, time-trends were also found in the three exposure subgroups which could be identified in the cohort (average MnT over 1987-1992 were about 400, 600, and 2000 micrograms Mn/m3 for the low, medium, and high exposure subgroups, respectively). Only in the low exposure subgroup the PN1 value normalized when MnT (provisional estimates) decreased from about 400 to 130 micrograms Mn/m3 by the end of the study. Solely the reduction in MnT explained these findings on PN1, while a "healthy-worker-effect" mechanism was unlikely to have operated. The prognosis for the medium and high exposure subgroups remains uncertain as the improvement of their EHC performance may have been affected by past MnO2 exposure to such an extent that the persistence of a partial loss of EHC ability is suggested. The time courses of the HST and VRT test results, however, indicated the absence of any improvement, suggesting irreversible impairment of hand stability (postural tremor) and simple visual reaction time. A separate examination in a group of 39 control subjects, re-tested 10 years after the first test in 1987, virtually precluded age as confounding factor in this prospective study. The findings of the longitudinal study are corroborated by the outcome of a separate follow-up study in a group of 24 ex-Mn employees, who showed in 1996 a significant improvement of eye-hand coordination after at least three years with no MnO2 exposure; as to HST and VRT, there was no significant change in the deficit of these two neurobehavioral markers.
Association of Nucleotide Polymorphisms within the O-Antigen Gene Cluster of Escherichia coli O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, and O145 with Serogroups and Genetic Subtypes (2012)

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains are important food-borne pathogens capable of causing hemolytic-uremic syndrome. STEC O157:H7 strains cause the majority of severe disease in the United States; however, there is a growing concern for the amount and severity of illness attributable to non-O157 STEC. Recently, the Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) published the intent to regulate the presence of STEC belonging to serogroups O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, and O145 in nonintact beef products. To ensure the effective control of these bacteria, sensitive and specific tests for their detection will be needed. In this study, we identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the O-antigen gene cluster that could be used to detect STEC strains of the above-described serogroups. Using comparative DNA sequence analysis, we identified 22 potentially informative SNPs among 164 STEC and non-STEC strains of the above-described serogroups and designed matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) assays to test the STEC allele frequencies in an independent panel of bacterial strains. We found at least one SNP that was specific to each serogroup and also differentiated between STEC and non-STEC strains. Differences in the DNA sequence of the O-antigen gene cluster corresponded well with differences in the virulence gene profiles and provided evidence of different lineages for STEC and non-STEC strains. The SNPs discovered in this study can be used to develop tests that will not only accurately identify O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, and O145 strains but also predict whether strains detected in the above-described serogroups contain Shiga toxin-encoding genes.
Wide-band radiometry for remote sensing of oil films on water (1998)

Total-power radiometry is applied over a wide-frequency band (26-40 GHz) to measure homogeneous and emulsified (40%:60% oil:water composition) oil films on water. The resulting brightness-temperature (T/sub B/) spectra contain substantially more information about the film than the spot-frequency measurements of previous work. In thin homogeneous films (/spl sim/3 mm or less), the T/sub B/ spectra have the same monotonically increasing frequency dependence as the bare-water spectrum, but are distinguishable from the water by a positive T/sub B/ offset. For thicker homogeneous films, oscillations in the T/sub B/ spectra occur that have a period inversely related to the thickness of the film. For emulsified films, the T/sub B/ offset is greater than that of a homogeneous film of the same thickness, and oscillations in T/sub B/ occur, even for the thinnest (1 mm) emulsion tested. However, the amplitude of these oscillations is much smaller than for homogeneous films because of losses in the emulsion. Hence, the key result of this paper is that wide-band radiometry enables both the unambiguous determination of the thickness of homogeneous oil and the discrimination of homogeneous oil from emulsified films, at least in the range of thickness >1 mm.
AAA-ATPase p97/Cdc48p, a Cytosolic Chaperone Required for Endoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Protein Degradation (2002)

Endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) disposes of aberrant proteins in the secretory pathway. Protein substrates of ERAD are dislocated via the Sec61p translocon from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cytosol, where they are ubiquitinated and degraded by the proteasome. Since the Sec61p channel is also responsible for import of nascent proteins, this bidirectional passage should be coordinated, probably by molecular chaperones. Here we implicate the cytosolic chaperone AAA-ATPase p97/Cdc48p in ERAD. We show the association of mammalian p97 and its yeast homologue Cdc48p in complexes with two respective ERAD substrates, secretory immunoglobulin M in B lymphocytes and 6myc-Hmg2p in yeast. The membrane 6myc-Hmg2p as well as soluble lumenal CPY*, two short-lived ERAD substrates, are markedly stabilized in conditional cdc48 yeast mutants. The involvement of Cdc48p in dislocation is underscored by the accumulation of ERAD substrates in the endoplasmic reticulum when Cdc48p fails to function, as monitored by activation of the unfolded protein response. We propose that the role of p97/Cdc48p in ERAD, provided by its potential unfoldase activity and multiubiquitin binding capacity, is to act at the cytosolic face of the endoplasmic reticulum and to chaperone dislocation of ERAD substrates and present them to the proteasome.
[The combined treatment of bronchial carcinoma (author's transl)]. (1975)

A preliminary assessment of a chemotherapeutic study is presented. The polychemotherapy was given as a high dosage intermittent stosstherapy with 3 infusions at intervals of a week for 3 years. The group of randomized controls included 126 patients who were classified according to the stage classification of the TNM system and Feinstein's system, which takes into account the clinical symptoms. Comparison of the death rates with the controls shows a distinct advantage in favor of the patients treated chemotherapeutically in all TNM classes.
Deletions spanning the neurofibromatosis type 1 gene: Implications for genotype-phenotype correlations in neurofibromatosis type 1? (1997)

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by abnormalities of tissues predominantly derived from the neural crest. Symptoms are highly variable and severity cannot be predicted, even within families. DNA of 84 unrelated patients with NF1, unselected for clinical features or severity, were screened with intragenic polymorphic repeat markers and by Southern analysis with cDNA probes. Deletions of the entire gene were detected in five patients from four unrelated families. Their phenotype resembled that of five previously reported patients with deletions, including intellectual impairment and dysmorphic features, but without an excessive number of dermal neurofibromas. This report supports the hypothesis that large deletions spanning the entire NF1 gene may lead to a specific phenotype.
Preparation and properties of new surfactants containing<scp>d</scp>‐glucosamine as the building block (1995)

Abstract Three types of new surfactants were prepared by using N ‐acetyl‐ d ‐glucosamine as a starting material. The first type of surfactant, sodium methyl 4,6‐ O ‐alkylidene‐2‐(carboxyl‐atomethylamino)‐2‐deoxy‐ d ‐glucopyranoside, was prepared successively by the following treatments: methyl glucosidation of N ‐acetyl‐ d ‐glucosamine, transacetalization with an appropriate aldehyde dimethyl acetal, deacetylation, and finally reaction of the resulting methyl‐4,6‐ O ‐alkylidene‐2‐amino‐2‐deoxy‐ d ‐glucopyranoside (2‐amino precursor) with bromoacetic acid. The reaction of this 2‐amino precursor with methyl iodide yielded the second type of surfactant, methyl 4,6‐ O ‐alkylidene‐2‐deoxy‐2‐(trimethylammonio)‐ d ‐glucopyranoside iodide, in excellent yield. The last type of compound, sodium methyl 2‐acetamide‐4,6‐ O ‐alkylidene‐3‐ O ‐[1‐(carboxylato)‐ethyl]‐2‐deoxy‐ d ‐glucopyranoside, was synthesized by the reaction of methyl 2‐acetamide‐4,6‐ O ‐alkylidene‐2‐deoxy‐ d ‐glucopyranoside with 2‐chloropropionic acid. Concerning the two carboxylate types of surfactants, the compounds containing a C 9 or C 11 hydrophobic chain in the alkylidene part showed higher water solubility than the corresponding compounds containing a C 7 hydrophobic chain. Both the micelle‐forming property and the ability to lower the surface tension of these carboxylate types of compounds increased with an increase in the length of the hydrophobic chain in the alkylidene part. These compounds can be applied to new acid‐decomposable types of cleavable surfactants because they contain an acetal group. The acetal bond of the ammonium type of compound was cleaved more slowly than that of the corresponding carboxylate types of surfactants in 2% aqueous HCI solution. The biodegradabilities of these compounds were also determined.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselectivity of Photocycloaddition of Azidoquinones to Conjugated Dienes. (1986)

Abstract The photocycloaddition of the azidoquinones (I) and (IV) to the conjugated dienes (II) or (V) yields the alkenyl dihydroindoloquinones (III) and (VI), which retain the ‐ Original stereochemistry in the alkenyl moiety.
First archaeobotanical data from the ancient thermal area of the Euganean Hills (Montegrotto Terme, Padova - North eastern Italy) (2008)

First archaeobotanical data from the ancient thermal area of the Euganean Hills (Montegrotto Terme, Padova - North eastern Italy)
A study of the morphological parameters of cervical squamous epithelium (2003)

Electrical impedance spectroscopy is a technique that has been investigated as a potential method for the diagnosis of epithelial carcinomas. Finite element modelling can provide an insight into the patterns of current flow in normal and pathological epithelium and hence aid in the process of probe design optimization. In order to develop a finite element model of the structure of normal and precancerous cervical squamous epithelium, it was first necessary to obtain the mean values and ranges of a number of morphological tissue parameters. The most important parameters in discriminating normal from neoplastic tissue were identified as being cell size and shape distribution, nuclear-to-cytoplasmic volume ratio and volume of extracellular space. A survey of the literature revealed an absence of reliable quantitative data for these parameters. We therefore present the results of our own basic image analysis on normal and pathological tissue sections, which we hope will be of use to other workers wishing to model cervical squamous epithelium, or other similar tissue structures.
MR angiographic and sonographic indications for endarterectomy. (1998)

Endarterectomy performed on the basis of sonographic findings of 70% to 99% stenosis and of a signal void on multislab 3-D time-of-flight MR angiographic sequences is appropriate.
Optimal excitation of multiapplicator systems for deep regional hyperthermia (1988)

A method is proposed for determining the excitation amplitudes and phases of the elements of electromagnetic multiapplicator systems for forming a hot zone around a deep-seated tumor. The general principle is applied to a two-dimensional problem of a piecewise homogeneous cylinder heated by an array of electric current filaments placed outside the cylinder. Numerical simulations are performed to check the effectiveness of the approach. The results demonstrate that improved specific absorption rate distributions can be achieved using this optimization method.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
COMPUTER SYSTEMS RESEARCH ANNUAL REPORT, SEPTEMBER 1, 1967--AUGUST 31, 1968. (1968)

reducing costs. A simple model representing the Pacific as a moving system that is repeatedly being contaminated at its surface has been set up. It has been successful in describing the general character of fallout distributions.
Sorption measurements and behavior of monosodium methanearsonate and arsenic (+5) in aqueous suspensions of floridian soil fractions (1998)

Adsorption experiments using both monosodium methanearsonate (MSMA) and its inorganic degradation by-product species As(+5), as sodium arsenate Na2AsO4, were conducted to evaluate the sorptivity of these constituents to various fractions of soil samples taken from the West Palm Beach Country Club. Adsorption data were analyzed with common isotherm equations (i.e., Linear, Freundlich, Langmuir) to determine Kd for each arsenic (As) species/soil fraction. Simulations using a one-dimensional pesticide transport model, PRZM 2.0, were completed to evaluate possible dissolved concentrations of arsenic at the water table interface under 8 different application scenarios for the soil profile found at the sample site. All contaminant/soil systems displayed a linear sorptivity relationship (R2 ranging from 0.8262 to 0.9779) with Kd values (units of L/g) ranging from 0.0102 to 0.2295. Results also indicate As(+5) had a higher affinity for the soil fractions than MSMA. PRZM-2.0 predicted concentrations of dissolved arsenic at the water table interface from 0.04 to 1018 ppb within 1 month from only 1 application. Florida's MCL for dissolved as in groundwaters is 50 ppb. It is recommended that the registration and use of MSMA be re-evaluated as it may impact ground water quality at golf courses or other sandy aquifer systems.
Controlled dissolution applied to berlinite and quartz materials (2002)

Conditions of good controlled dissolution of berlinite and quartz have been found for two different plate orientations: AT and SC cuts. Chemical lapping of berlinite AT-cuts has been developed in acid media, and that of AT- and SC-cuts has been developed in basic solvents. Conditions have been specified for both materials which result in a good surface state and a thickness defined by the required frequency. Piezoelectric characteristics of resonators made from controlled dissolution and from ionic beam etching are compared.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
XXVI. <i>Instructions for the qualitative analysis of soluble salts</i> (1838)

(1838). XXVI. Instructions for the qualitative analysis of soluble salts. The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science: Vol. 13, No. 81, pp. 202-205.
Combined therapy in treatment of murine infection by Fusarium solani (2008)

Voriconazole plus amphotericin B may have a role in the treatment of fusariosis.
A voltage resonant single ended converter with auxiliary switch (2002)

This paper describes a new single-ended voltage resonance power converter without changing the period of a main switch S1 and with changing the conduction period. The power converter is composed of a parallel LC-resonance circuit and an auxiliary switch S2. New topologies for the auxiliary switch S2 is derived from a half-cycle delay concept.
Renormalizing chaotic dynamics in fractal porous media with application to microbe motility (2006)

Motivated by the need to understand the movement of microbes in natural porous systems and the evolution of their genetic information, a renormalization procedure for motile particles in media with fractal functionality between upper and lower cutoffs is developed and applied to Lévy particles. On the micro scale, particle trajectories are the solution to an integrated stochastic ordinary differential equation (SODE) with Markov, stationary, ergodic drift subject to Lévy diffusion. The Lévy diffusion allows for self‐motile particles. On the meso scale, the trajectory is the solution to an integrated SODE with Lévy drift and diffusion arising from the microscale asymptotics. Lévy drift is associated with the fractal character of the Lagrangian velocity. On the macro scale, the process is driven by the asymptotics of the mesoscale drift without additional diffusion. Renormalized dispersion equations are presented on the meso and macro scales.
Doppler lidar observations of Russian forest fire plumes over Helsinki (2007)

Social cues, such as eye gaze and pointing fingers, can increase the prioritisation of specific locations for cognitive processing. A previous study using a manual reaching task showed that, although both gaze and pointing cues altered target prioritisation (reaction times [RTs]), only pointing cues affected action execution (trajectory deviations). These differential effects of gaze and pointing cues on action execution could be because the gaze cue was conveyed through a disembodied head; hence, the model lacked the potential for a body part (i.e., hands) to interact with the target. In the present study, the image of a male gaze model, whose gaze direction coincided with two potential target locations, was centrally presented. The model either had his arms and hands extended underneath the potential target locations, indicating the potential to act on the targets (Experiment 1), or had his arms crossed in front of his chest, indicating the absence of potential to act (Experiment 2). Participants reached to a target that followed a nonpredictive gaze cue at one of three stimulus onset asynchronies. RTs and reach trajectories of the movements to cued and uncued targets were analysed. RTs showed a facilitation effect for both experiments, whereas trajectory analysis revealed facilitatory and inhibitory effects, but only in Experiment 1 when the model could potentially act on the targets. The results of this study suggested that when the gaze model had the potential to interact with the cued target location, the model's gaze affected not only target prioritisation but also movement execution.