gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ifn-β<sub>1B</sub>Treatment of Relapsingmultiple Sclerosis Has no Effect on Cd3-Induced Inflammatory or Counterregulatory Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Secretion Ex Vivo After Nine Months (1997)

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is presumed to be a T-cell mediated chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. We have previously reported that IFN-β1b (Betaseron) decreases CD3-mediated TNF-α secretion but increases another inflammatory cytokine, IL-6 after three months of treatment. We have now examined cytokine secretion of peripheral blood mononuclear (PMNC) cells after stimulation with OKT3 (anti-CD3) monoclonal antibody (mAb) or Con A in subjects with clinically stable relapsing MS before and three, six and nine months after initiating IFN-β1b treatment. At nine months Con A-induced TNF-α secretion decreased significantly below baseline but IFN-γ secretion increased above baseline. There were no significant changes in Con A-induced IL-4 over the six month period and no changes in IL-10 and IL-2 over the nine month period. After nine months on treatment the CD3-induced TNF-α and IFN-γ secretion was not significantly different from the original baseline values. Increased CD3-mediated IL-6 secretion in on-treatment compared to pre-treatment samples at three months gradually declined to baseline values by nine months on-treatment. There was no significant changes from baseline compared to nine months on-treatment in CD3-mediated IL-2, IL-4, IL-10. IFN-β1b (Betaseron) treatment has no clear persistent effect on CD3-induced inflammatory or counterregulatory anti-inflammatory cytokine secretion.
Counting pedestrians in crowded scenes with efficient sparse learning (2011)

Counting pedestrians in crowded scenes provides powerful cues for several applications such as traffic, safety, and advertising analysis in urban areas. Recent research progress has shown that direct mapping from image statistics (e.g. area or texture histograms of people regions) to the number of pedestrians, also known as counting by regression, is a promise way of robust pedestrian counting. While leveraging arbitrary image features is encouraged in the counting by regression to improve the accuracy, this leads to risk of over-fitting issue. Furthermore, the most image statistics are sensitive to the way of foreground region segmentation. Hence, careful selection process on both segmentation and feature levels is needed. This paper presents an efficient sparse training method via LARS (Least Angle Regression) to achieve the selection process on both levels, which provides the both sparsity of Lasso and Group Lasso. The experimental results using synthetic and pedestrian counting dataset show that our method provides robust performance with reasonable training cost among the state of the art pedestrian counting methods.
An Initial, Qualitative Investigation of Patient-Centered Education in Dentistry (2013)

Patient education plays an important role in the delivery of dental care. Current evidence suggests that the emergence of the Internet and other electronic resources are significantly influencing how patients learn about their healthcare. We conducted a qualitative inquiry using a combination of interviews with patients and clinicians, and direct observation of patient education episodes, to begin identifying requirements for customized, patient-centered approaches to education at the point of care. Most patients in our study felt comfortable with the amount and method of education during the dental visit, but 38% sought additional information on the Internet. Dentists and their team members provided patient education mostly verbally, supported by media such as radiographs, images and models. Electronic means, especially the Internet, were little used. Patient education occupied a significant portion of the time of initial comprehensive examination (29%) and routine (7%) dental visits. A deeper understanding of patient knowledge deficits and information needs will be needed to design effective educational interventions. Patient education should be meaningfully integrated into the workflow shared by dentists, their team members and patients, in order to maximize its outcomes.
Effect of Ischemia on Adenine Nucleotides in Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle (1964)

Rabbit skeletal muscle contains 56% more ATP and 225% more creatine phosphate than rabbit cardiac muscle. With ischemia the per cent reduction in ATP and creatine phosphate is less in skeletal than cardiac muscle and ADP and AMP decrease in skeletal and increase in cardiac muscle, IMP is present in skeletal muscle and increases with ischemia, whereas it is absent in cardiac muscle but appears with ischemia. Adenosine, inosine, and hypoxanthine are absent in skeletal and cardiac muscle. Ischemia results in the appearance of adenosine, inosine, and hypoxanthine in cardiac muscle but only the latter two compounds appear in ischemic skeletal muscle. Although complete ischemia is required to demonstrate the presence of adenosine in cardiac muscle, the appearance of this nucleoside is nevertheless consistent with the hypothesis that under physiological conditions quantities of adenosine, undetectable by present methods, may play a role in the regulation of coronary blood flow.
[Intrauterine devices for contraception? Results of an inquiry conducted in the BRD in 1976]. (1977)

The results of the 1098 responses to a questionnaire show a remarkable increase in the use of intra-uterine devices (IUD) as a method of contraception (especially in the last 3 years) in the FRG too. The main reasons for the insertion of IUD were specified as "incompatibility" with the pill or "weariness induced through constant use of the pill". IUD are also used by nulliparae. At the moment T-shaped models containing copper are most popular. The majority of insertions are performed without general anaesthesia. The optimal length of time for wearing an IUD is considered to be 2 years or more. The foremost reasons for removal of IUD are bleeding or pain. Failures (pregnancies) however, are rather frequently recorded. Most gynecologists remove the IUD if pregnancy has occurred and in this case only few of them try to maintain the pregnancy on the patients request. In 1976, the majority of gynecologists attended patients composed of 40 : 1 users of the pill : users of IUD. Numerically speaking therefore, IUD are the method which actually takes second place. In our opinion however, if attention is paid to indications and contra-indications and to the necessity for intensive education of the patient, IUD are a real alternative to the pill and to the increasing use of any type of female sterilization.
Coronary and peripheral artery aneurysms in a patient with hypereosinophilia (2012)

A 45-year-old man with a history of hypereosinophilic syndrome and bronchial asthma was admitted to our department for ischaemic heart disease examination. When he was 24 years old, he was diagnosed of hypereosinophilic syndrome …
Needle Insertion Point and Orientation Optimization in Non-linear Tissue with Application to Brachytherapy (2007)

This paper presents a new method of optimizing the needle insertion point, heading and depth for needle insertion into deformable tissue. The goal is to minimize the distance between a number of specified targets and the needle. Assuming a rigid needle and a deformable tissue described by a finite element model, an iterative optimization method is proposed that uses the needle insertion simulation. At each iteration, the best fitted 3D line to the targets in the simulated deformed configuration is used as a candidate for the new insertion line in the next iteration. This method has been implemented in a prostate brachytherapy simulator to minimize seed misplacement errors. The targets are designed to lie on a straight line in the undeformed configuration inside the prostate. To increase the accuracy while simulating the prostate rotation, a non-linear model is used. The neo-Hookean material model is exploited to determine the effects of geometric and mechanical nonlinearities and compressibility effects. It is shown that the optimization algorithm converges in few iterations and decreases the targeting error effectively.
Theory of Mind in Children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (2016)

These findings suggest that deficits in higher-order ToM function may play a significant role in the social-cognitive behavioral impairment in FASD.
Mass Spectrometric Methods for the Analysis of Nucleoside–Protein Cross-Links: Application to Oxopropenyl-deoxyadenosine (2013)

Electrophilic DNA adducts produced following oxidative stress can form DNA-protein cross-links (DPCs), dramatically altering genomic maintenance pathways. Complete characterization of DPCs has been hindered, in part, because of a lack of comprehensive techniques for their analysis. We have, therefore, established a proteomics approach to investigate sites of cross-link formation using N(6)-(3-oxo-1-propenyl)-2'-deoxyadenosine (OPdA), an electrophilic DNA adduct produced from oxidative stress. OPdA was reacted with albumin and reduced with NaBH4 to stabilize DPCs. Using LC-MS/MS proteomics techniques, high-resolution peptide sequence data were obtained; however, using a database searching strategy, adducted peptides were only identified in samples subjected to chemical depurination. This strategy revealed multiple oxopropenyl adenine-lysine adducts and oxopropenyl-lysine adducts with the most reactive lysines identified to be Lys256 and Lys548. Manual interrogation of the mass spectral data provided evidence of OPdA deoxynucleoside conjugates to lysines and cross-links that underwent facile collision-induced dissociation to release an unmodified peptide without subsequent fragmentation. These fragmentations precluded adduct detection and peptide sequencing using database searching methods. Thus, comprehensive analysis of DPCs requires chemical depurination of DNA-protein reaction mixtures followed by a combination of database-dependent and manual interrogation of LC-MS/MS data using higher-energy collision-induced dissociation. In the present case, this approach revealed that OPdA selectively modifies surface lysine residues and produces nucleoside-protein cross-links and oxopropenyl lysine.
Principles (2008)

This chapter contains sections titled: Toxicokinetics Phase I Metabolism Drug Metabolism Toxicogenetics Cytotoxicity Receptor-Mediated Mechanisms Mixtures and Combinations of Chemicals Chemical Carcinogenesis: Genotoxic and Nongenotoxic Mechanisms Reproductive Toxicology Ecotoxicology: Not just Wildlife Toxicology References For Further Reading Further Reading Reference
Performances of SiC Schottky rectifier in power factor correction (2002)

This paper deals with performances of silicon carbide power Schottky diodes compared with state-of-the-art high speed rectifiers. With high breakdown voltage, high gap energy and good thermal conductivity, SiC is a serious challenger for a new power semiconductor material. Here, the authors analyze static and switching behaviors in order to evaluate advantages by using SiC Schottky diodes instead of silicon devices. They also compare the thermal behavior of each kind of diode. Then, they present results of power factor correction applications using Schottky diodes.
Collaborative Approach in the Development of High‐Performance Brain–Computer Interfaces for a Neuroprosthetic Arm: Translation from Animal Models to Human Control (2013)

Our research group recently demonstrated that a person with tetraplegia could use a brain-computer interface (BCI) to control a sophisticated anthropomorphic robotic arm with skill and speed approaching that of an able-bodied person. This multiyear study exemplifies important principles in translating research from foundational theory and animal experiments into a clinical study. We present a roadmap that may serve as an example for other areas of clinical device research as well as an update on study results. Prior to conducting a multiyear clinical trial, years of animal research preceded BCI testing in an epilepsy monitoring unit, and then in a short-term (28 days) clinical investigation. Scientists and engineers developed the necessary robotic and surgical hardware, software environment, data analysis techniques, and training paradigms. Coordination among researchers, funding institutes, and regulatory bodies ensured that the study would provide valuable scientific information in a safe environment for the study participant. Finally, clinicians from neurosurgery, anesthesiology, physiatry, psychology, and occupational therapy all worked in a multidisciplinary team along with the other researchers to conduct a multiyear BCI clinical study. This teamwork and coordination can be used as a model for others attempting to translate basic science into real-world clinical situations.
p-Aminosalicylic Acid (4-Amino-2-hydroxybenzoic Acid) (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTp-Aminosalicylic Acid (4-Amino-2-hydroxybenzoic Acid)John T. SheehanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1948, 70, 4, 1665–1666Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1948https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01184a516https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01184a516research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views210Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Nutriepigenomics and Malnutrition (2017)

Epigenetics is defined as the modulation of gene expression without changes to the underlying DNA sequence. Epigenetic alterations, as a consequence of in utero malnutrition, may play a role in susceptibility to develop adulthood diseases and inheritance. However, the mechanistic link between epigenetic modifications and abnormalities in nutrition remains elusive. This review provides an update on the association of suboptimal nutritional environment and the high propensity to produce adult-onset chronic illnesses with a particular focus on modifications in genome functions that occur without alterations to the DNA sequence. We will mention the drivers of the phenotype and pattern of epigenetic markers set down during the reprogramming along with novel preventative and therapeutic strategies. New knowledge of epigenetic alterations is opening a gate toward personalized medicine.
Purification and characterization of a novel antibacterial protein from the marine bacterium D2 (1996)

A biofilm-forming marine bacterium, D2, isolated from the surface of the tunicate Ciona intestinalis, was found to produce a novel, 190-kDa protein with antibacterial activity. The protein contained at least two subunits of 60 and 80 kDa, joined together by noncovalent bonds, and was shown to be released by D2 cells into the surrounding medium during stationary phase. N-terminal sequence analysis revealed no close similarity of this protein to any other proteins within the Swiss Prot database. Bacteriocidal activity against a wide variety of marine and medical bacterial isolates was observed, 77% of the strains tested being sensitive to the protein. Bacterial strains varied in their resistance to the D2 protein, with D2 itself being among the most sensitive with an MBC in liquid suspension of 4 micrograms/ml. An apparent increased resistance of D2 to the protein as the cells progressed further into stationary phase was observed and seen as a possible explanation for its survival despite the production of an autoinhibitory factor. The ability of the D2 bacterium to produce an antibacterial factor in addition to its inhibitory effects on marine invertebrates and algae (S. Egan et al., unpublished data) indicates that D2 has the potential to greatly affect the survival of a range of colonizers of the marine surface environment.
Barrier and Mechanical Property Enhancement of High Density Polyethylene Through the Addition of Graphene Nanoplatelets (2015)

Processing methods to disperse Graphene nanoplatelets (GnP) in high density polyethylene (HDPE) are being investigated in an attempt to manufacture a material with mechanical and barrier properties suitable for fabrication of vehicle fuel tanks. Previously reported results indicated that through a simple melt mixing process, the oxygen transmission through a 7.5% wt. GnP in HDPE composite was reduced by 55% compared to the neat composite, however there was also a 50% loss in impact resistance. Alternative methods to melt extrusion were investigated to improve the dispersion and alignment of GnP. Microlayer co-extrusion (MCE) of the GnP powder and HDPE, in which the melt nanocomposite is stretched into thin films, stacked and consolidated, resulted in higher relative improvements in barrier properties, however was still limited by dispersion issues. A 30% wt. GnP in HDPE masterbatch was produced and then processed through the MCE process. This actually resulted in a decrease in properties due to platelet curling and size reduction. A solution mixing approach was employed in which HDPE and GnP were mixed in heated xylene to improve the dispersion, but the advantage was lost when it was re-processed with melt extrusion. A low molecular weight hydrocarbon coating of the GnP platelets was applied prior to processing in melt extrusion to improve the dispersion but resulted in only a small improvement in the impact resistance, had a negative impact on the flexural properties, and did not improving the barrier properties. An elastomeric coating of the GnP resulted in recovering up to 34% of the lost impact resistance but the flexural modulus and strength were lowered and there was a negligible effect on barrier properties at a 5% wt. concentration. Alternative thin film methods are now currently being investigated
An Assessment of Postganglionic Cryoneurolysis for Managing Vasomotor Rhinitis (1994)

Vasomotor rhinitis has been treated with multiple regimens with varied success. We have used intranasal cryosurgery to freeze the postganglionic parasympathetics as a definitive therapeutic procedure. A total of 154 cryoneurolysis procedures were performed in a 7-year period. Complete data was evaluable for 144 patients. Concomitant outfracture and cautery of their inferior turbinates was performed for visual access. Initially, 93% of patients treated had significant improvement in their nasal obstruction. Surveys were sent to all patients, with 70% responding. Of the responders, 86% would recommend the procedure to others. On a scale of 1–10, nasal breathing scores improved from a mean of 2.9 preoperatively to 8.0 at present. Data from this patient cohort revealed cryoneurolysis to be an effective alternative to vidian neurectomy and turbinectomy, with a high rate of patient satisfaction and a low recurrence rate.
Molecular Cloning and Characterization of Bovine Prostaglandin E2 Receptors EP2 and EP4: Expression and Regulation in Endometrium and Myometrium during the Estrous Cycle and Early Pregnancy (2003)

Prostaglandins (PGs) play important functions in the reproductive system, and PGE(2) appears necessary for recognition of pregnancy. We have found that PGE(2) is able to increase cAMP generation in the bovine endometrium. There are two PGE(2) receptors (EP), EP2 and EP4, that are coupled to adenylate cyclase to generate cAMP, but these receptors have not been studied in the bovine. We have cloned and characterized bovine EP2 and EP4 receptors and studied their expression in the uterus. The amino acid sequences of bovine EP2 and EP4 possess a high degree (>80%) of identity with the other mammalian homologs. EP2 is expressed in most tissues, and EP4 is expressed only in intestine and testis. EP2 mRNA and protein are expressed in endometrium and myometrium during the estrous cycle, whereas EP4 is undetectable. The Western analysis indicates that EP2 is maximally expressed in both endometrium and myometrium between d 10 and 18 of the estrous cycle. Immunohistochemical localization reveals that EP2 protein is expressed in all cell types of endometrium and myometrium. On d 18, pregnancy up-regulates EP2 protein, primarily in endometrial stroma and myometrial smooth muscle cells. In conclusion, EP2 is the major cAMP-generating PGE(2) receptor expressed and regulated in the bovine uterus during the estrous cycle and early pregnancy.
The HELIOS Medical Connection Services. (1994)

This paper presents the design and implementation of the HELIOS software component that deals with integration of medical applications in health information networks. The problem of interoperability between health information systems based on different data exchange syntaxes is first discussed. A meta-model, relying on CEN TC251 recommendations, is then presented as a possible solution to this problem and a message description language including these recommendations is proposed. Using this meta-model, the Medical Connection Services that comprises a generic message processing automaton, a resource manager and a mapper is able either to interpret messages expressed in a given syntax (e.g., EDIFACT, ASTM) and map them to the application objects or to automate the translation of the messages in another syntax. Special focus is given on the position of the Medical Connection Services within the HELIOS integration strategy (i.e., through data, presentation and communication). The problem of semantic heterogeneity is then discussed.
A Model for the Equilibrated Co-Cure of Honeycomb Core Sandwich Structures in Autoclave Processing (2019)

Honeycomb core sandwich structures can be fabricated in the co-cure process by bonding partially cured thermoset prepreg sheets with an adhesive layer to either side of the honeycomb core structure under a selected pressure and temperature cycle in the autoclave. The co-cure of honeycomb core sandwich structures is strongly dependent on many materials and process parameters such as prepreg facesheet consolidation, adhesive bond-line fillet formation, porosity development within facesheets and the adhesive, and the dynamic core pressure. This paper describes the fundamental physics associated with the co-cure process of sandwich structures and present numerical models describing the facesheet consolidation, adhesive bond-line fillet formation, and bond-line porosity during the co-cure process.
Enhanced AuPd Activity in the Direct Synthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide using Nanostructured Titanate Nanotube Supports (2014)

Abstract Nanostructured supports with tubular morphologies can impose one dimensional external constraints to supported metal nanoparticles affording small sizes (<2 nm) with high dispersion. Specifically, the curvature and chemical environment of the external nanotube surface appears to play a key role in determining the morphology and stability of the supported AuPd nanoparticles. This strategy is presented as an alternative nanoparticle stabilisation approach rather than encapsulation within porous structures or the use of organic capping agents with associated diffusional limitations. Here, we report the enhancement achieved in the AuPd alloy reactivity for the direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide when supported on titanate nanotubes (Ti‐NT) with a productivity above 11 600 mol kg metal −1 h −1 afforded by the high metal–support interaction.