gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phycology (2012)

Abstract Phycology is the study of algae. However, just what algae are is difficult to define, because they belong to many different and unrelated taxonomic groups and include both prokaryotic and eukaryotic representatives. Broadly speaking, the algae comprise all, mainly aquatic, plants and plant‐like chlorophyll a ‐containing organisms that can use light energy to fix carbon from atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and evolve oxygen, but which are not specialised land plants like mosses, ferns, coniferous trees and flowering plants. This is a negative definition, but it serves its purpose. Besides being a principal source of oxygen, algae are important primary producers in many, mainly aquatic, habitats and are the source of a number of important commercial products and molecules. Key Concepts: The algae are a very diverse group of plants and plant‐like organisms but which are not specialised land plants like mosses, ferns, coniferous trees and flowering plants. The algae include both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Algae are key providers of oxygen on earth and are the basis of aquatic food webs. Algae have a wide range of commercial applications. Endosymbiosis has played an important part in the evolution of the algae.
A new class of recurrent codes (1969)

Recurrent codes for burst-error correction are defined to be a type B1 code. A type B1 code is capable of correcting all the single burst errors of length <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">l</tex> or less. A type B2 code is a subclass of a type B1 code with the restriction that the single burst error of length <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">l</tex> or less occurs within <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</tex> consecutive blocks (it is assumed that <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">l</tex> is divisible by <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">b</tex> and <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">l = rb</tex> ). In this paper, the author will present a class of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">q</tex> -nary recurrent codes--both type B1 and B2 codes--for burst-error correction. The construction procedures for this class of codes are simple and systematic. An interesting relation exists between a type B1 and a type B2 code. If a code is type B2 (with block length <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">b</tex> , burst-error-correction capability <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">l = rb</tex> ), then by reducing the block length by one symbol, the type B2 code becomes a type B1 code, while the burst-error-correction capability remains the same. Both types of codes can be used for the correction of binary burst errors. The correction of binary burst errors will be briefly discussed in this paper.
Delayed secondary glucocorticoid response elements. Unusual nucleotide motifs specify glucocorticoid receptor binding to transcribed regions of alpha 2u-globulin DNA. (1991)

Glucocorticoids stimulate the transcription of rat alpha 2u-globulin (RUG) genes. Because this induction occurs after a time lag of several hours and is blocked by inhibitors of protein synthesis, it exemplifies a delayed secondary response to steroid hormones. In this report, we show that a region of RUG-transcribed DNA (approximately +1800 to +2174) contains multiple footprint sites for glucocorticoid receptor that are, apparently, organized into at least three independent binding clusters. The DNA sequences bound by the receptor and the location of binding sites were determined. A family of sequences related to half-sites of the consensus primary glucocorticoid response element (GRE) is discernible at each cluster of sites. Compared to the consensus GRE, which contains two pseudo-palindromic hexanucleotides arranged in a tail-to-tail fashion and separated by three bases, the arrangements of hexanucleotides within this segment of RUG DNA are unusual and heterogeneous. Methylation interference of a binding cluster containing three receptor footprints demonstrates that certain guanines of the GRE-like hexanucleotides are essential for efficient receptor binding. A synthetic 29-base pair (bp) RUG element, containing one receptor footprint from this cluster, selectively binds the receptor. Within this 29-bp element, six nucleotides separate two directly repeated copies of GRE-like hexanucleotides. RUG DNA fragments containing all or part of the three binding clusters, including the 29-bp element, confer a delayed secondary hormone responsiveness upon a linked heterologous promoter and reporter gene in stably transfected cell lines. We speculate that the unusual DNA sequence motifs of the receptor-binding sites are crucial for the generation of certain delayed secondary responses.
Corticosteroids as Adjunctive Therapy for Pneumocystis Pneumonia in Patients with AIDS (1991)

To the Editor: The National Institutes of Health (NIH)—University of California Expert Panel has concluded (Nov. 22 issue)1 that early adjunctive corticosteroid therapy benefits patients with moderate-to-severe Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. The consensus panel has recommended the regimen used by the California Collaborative Treatment Group, which provides an initial daily dose of 80 mg of oral prednisone, tapered to 20 mg during a 21-day course.2 An alternative approach, not studied in any of the recent trials, was used by my colleagues and me in one of the early reports of successful adjunctive corticosteroid therapy for P. carinii pneumonia.3 Three patients had. © 1991, Massachusetts Medical Society. All rights reserved.
Proteins from bovine tissues and biological fluids: Defining a reference electrophoresis map for liver, kidney, muscle, plasma and red blood cells (2003)

A number of high resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) reference maps for bovine tissues and biological fluids have been determined for animals in basal state. Among the 1863 distinct protein features detected in samples of liver, kidney, muscle, plasma and red blood cells, 509 species were identified and associated to 209 different genes. Difficulties in the identification were related to the poorly characterized Bos taurus genome and were solved by a combined matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry approach. The experimental output allowed us to establish a 2-DE database accessible through the World Wide Web network at the URL address (http://www.iabbam.na.cnr.it/Biochem). These reference maps may serve as a tool in future veterinary medical studies aimed at the evaluation of changes in protein repertoire for altered animal physiological conditions and infectious diseases, to the definition of molecular markers for novel diagnostic kits and vaccines, as well as the characterization of protein modifications in bovine materials following technological processes used in the food industry.
Phi-predication for light-weight if-conversion (2003)

Predicated execution can eliminate hard to predict branches and help to enable instruction level parallelism. Many current predication variants exist where the result update is conditional based upon the outcome of the guarding predicate. However conditional writing of a register creates a naming problem for an out-of-order processor and can stall the issuing of instructions. This problem arises from potential multiple predicated definitions reaching a use, which is unresolved until the prior predicate values are computed. We focus on a light-weight form of predication, phi-predication, where all predicated instructions write a result value to their register regardless of the predicate value (i.e. even if it is false). Therefore, the predicate does not guard the writing of the result register; it instead acts as a form of selection between two input registers. This eliminates the naming problem for an out-of-order processor. Our phi-predicated ISA is derived from the predicated features of the Multiflow ISA, with extensions to efficiently predicate complex control flow. Our compiler modifications also expand upon prior techniques to provide efficient code generation. We examine the use of phi-predication for an in-order and out-of-order architecture and compare its performance to using select-op and IA64 ISA predication.
XML in a Nutshell: A Desktop Quick Reference (2000)

From the Publisher:
XML, the Extensible Markup Language, is a W3C endorsed standard for document markup. Because of its ability to deliver portable data, XML is positioned to be a key web application technology. 
Given the complexity and incredible potential of this powerful markup language, it is clear that every serious developer using XML for data or text formatting and transformation will need a comprehensive, easy-to- access desktop reference in order to take advantage of XML's full potential. XML in a Nutshell will assist developers in formatting files and data structures correctly for use in XML documents. 
XML defines a basic syntax used to mark up data with simple, human-readable tags, and provides a standard format for computer documents. This format is flexible enough to be customized for transforming data between applications as diverse as web sites, electronic data inter-change, voice mail systems, and wireless devices, to name a few. 
Developers can either write their own programs that interact with, massage, and manipulate the data in XML documents, or they can use off-the-shelf software like web browsers and text editors to work with XML documents. Either choice gives them access to a wide range of free libraries in a variety of languages that can read and write XML. 
The XML specification defines the exact syntax this markup must follow: how elements are delimited by tags, what a tag looks like, what names are acceptable for elements, where attributes are placed, and so forth. XML doesn't have a fixed set of tags and elements that are supposed to work for everybody in all areas of interest for all time. It allows developers and writers to define the elements they need as they need them. 
Although XML is quite flexible in the elements it allows to be defined, it is quite strict in many other respects. XML in a Nutshell covers the fundamental rules that all XML documents and authors must adhere to, detailing the grammar that specifies where tags may be placed, what they must look like, which element names are legal, how attributes attach to elements, and much more. 

About the Authors:
Elliotte Rusty Harold is a noted writer and programmer, both on and off the Internet. His Cafe au Lait website has become one of the most popular independent Java sites on the internet, and his spin-off site Cafe con Leche for XML News and Resources has become one of the most popular XML sites on the internet. Elliotte is the author of O'Reilly's Java Network Programming. 
W. Scott Means has been a professional software developer since 1988, when he joined Microsoft Corporation at the age of 17. He was one of the original developers of OS/2 1.1 and Windows NT, and did some of the early work on the Microsoft Network for the Advanced Technology and Business Development group. Most recently he is serving as the CEO of Industrial Web Machines, a new Internet venture based in Columbia, South Carolina.
Multilevel training of qualified staff for the regional labor market (2010)

The article regards target, substantial and structural aspects of multilevel preparation of workers and experts for a regional labor market by the example of Penza region.
Wind turbine aerodynamic response under atmospheric icing conditions (2012)

This article deals with the atmospheric ice accumulation on wind turbine blades and its effect on the aerodynamic performance and structural response. The role of eight atmospheric and system parameters on the ice accretion profiles was estimated using the 2D ice accumulation software lewice Twenty-four hours of icing, with time varying wind speed and atmospheric icing conditions, was simulated on a rotor. Computational fluid dynamics code, FLUENT, was used to estimate the aerodynamic coefficients of the blade after icing. The results were also validated against wind tunnel measurements performed at LM Wind Power using a NACA64618 airfoil. The effects of changes in geometry and surface roughness are considered in the simulation. A blade element momentum code WT-Perf is then used to quantify the degradation in performance curves. The dynamic responses of the wind turbine under normal and iced conditions were simulated with the wind turbine aeroelastic code HAWC2. The results show different behaviors below and above rated wind speeds. In below rated wind speed, for a 5MW virtual NREL wind turbine, power loss up to 35% is observed, and the rated power is shifted from wind speed of 11 to 19ms(-1). However, the thrust of the iced rotor in below rated wind speed is smaller than the clean rotor up to 14%, but after rated wind speed, it is up to 40% bigger than the clean rotor. Finally, it is briefly indicated how the results of this paper can be used for condition monitoring and ice detection. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Communication Protocol of Centralized WLAN Architecture (2008)

Aiming at the problems of large-scale WLAN which using traditional architecture,this paper analyses the centralized WLAN architecture,and researches on the communication protocol.It introduces four protocols:LWAPP,SLAPP,CTP,WiCoP,then discusses the architecture,implementation mechanism,packet format and security of IETF's CAPWAP protocol.
Stereoscopic tip for a video endoscope: problems in design (2017)

3-dimensional (3D) stereoscopic geometrical measurements of hard-to-reach objects are discussed. Prism-based tips for video endoscopic probes allow registering images from two different viewpoints on a single sensor and applying stereoscopic methods. In this study, we analyze the problems in the optical design of these tips and ways to improve its characteristics. The results may be useful for the development of the new stereoscopic measurement tools for remote visual inspection in industrial and medical applications.
Robust speed control of PMSM using Kalman filter load torque observers (2002)

In this paper, a robust speed control system with a permanent magnetic synchronous motor (PMSM) using a Kalman filter load torque observer is presented. Compared to other modern complex control algorithms, the observer algorithm is very simple and effective in reducing the effect of the disturbances. An IP speed controller using ITAE is used as the main controller, and the parameter controller (PC) is used to make the system robust with respect to rotor inertia negative variations; the PC is a parameter controller which selects a moment of inertia J according to the load torque to control the system response. Also, to overcome practical difficulties in obtaining inertia variation for the experiments, an electrical equivalent circuit was proposed and used. Finally a microcomputer-based system is implemented. Then simulation and experimental results are described to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Development of adaptive hysteresis band current control strategy of PWM inverter with constant switching frequency (2002)

Hysteresis current control is one of the simplest techniques used to control the magnitude and phase angle of motor current for motor drive systems. However the conventional fixed band hysteresis control has a variable switching frequency depending on motor speed and load. In this paper, the adaptive hysteresis band current control strategy is proposed, where the hysteresis band is controlled as variations of motor speed, load current, and neutral point voltage in order to hold the switching frequency constant at any operating conditions. The proposed current control strategy is introduced to the current controller of a vector controlled permanent magnet synchronous motor systems. The proposed strategy is verified by simulations and experiments.
Slow-Wave Characteristics of Ferromagnetic Semiconductor Microstrip Line (2005)

A new slow-wave microstrip line made of a ferromagnetic semiconductor (FMS) substrate is proposed and its characteristics discussed. It is shown that this structure has more desirable and flexible guided wave properties than the conventional metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) microstrip line.
Beneficial effects of green tea: A literature review (2010)

The health benefits of green tea for a wide variety of ailments, including different types of cancer, heart disease, and liver disease, were reported. Many of these beneficial effects of green tea are related to its catechin, particularly (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, content. There is evidence from in vitro and animal studies on the underlying mechanisms of green tea catechins and their biological actions. There are also human studies on using green tea catechins to treat metabolic syndrome, such as obesity, type II diabetes, and cardiovascular risk factors.Long-term consumption of tea catechins could be beneficial against high-fat diet-induced obesity and type II diabetes and could reduce the risk of coronary disease. Further research that conforms to international standards should be performed to monitor the pharmacological and clinical effects of green tea and to elucidate its mechanisms of action.
Using Games to Help Young and At-Risk Children Respond to Story Characters (1993)

Janet C. Richards, Joan P. Gipe, Using Games to Help Young and At-Risk Children Respond to Story Characters, The Reading Teacher, Vol. 47, No. 2, Children's Choices Favorite Books for 1993 (Oct., 1993), pp. 170-171
Classical Criminology (2017)

Classical criminology is a label applied to a series of writings from the late eighteenth to early nineteenth centuries that paved the way for penal reform in Europe. The key authors were Cesare Beccaria and Jeremy Bentham, whose work radicalized the understanding of crime and punishment. Central themes were the theory of the rational, free‐willed actor and the necessity of effective deterrence established under utilitarian principles. Beccaria and Bentham drew inspiration from social contract theories based on the willed agreement of citizens to surrender a portion of their freedom in return for the protection of their interests. The law, therefore, was a means of enforcing social order by restraining the hedonistic tendencies of a population inclined to criminal activity through calculative self‐interest. The aim was to create a transparent, coherent, and egalitarian justice system in which punishment should be proportionate to the crime, swift and easily understandable by all.
The 1p-Encoded Protein Stathmin and Resistance of Malignant Gliomas to Nitrosoureas (2007)

Loss of heterozygosity for the stathmin gene may be associated with improved outcomes of patients with 1p+/- anaplastic oligodendroglioma tumors.
Cerebral Vascular Atlas Generation for Anatomical Knowledge Modeling and Segmentation Purpose (2005)

Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) is currently used for cerebral flowing blood visualization. Many segmentation methods have been proposed for brain vessel segmentation, in order to help analyzing the huge data (generally more than 10/sup 7/ voxels) provided by MRA acquisitions. Recently, a new family of segmentation algorithms, involving high level anatomical knowledge, has been studied. These new algorithms require a way to model and store this knowledge. An efficient and general approach to reach that goal consists in using atlases. In this paper a method is proposed to create vascular atlases of the brain, containing information useful for vessel segmentation purpose. This atlas creation process, designed for phase-contrast MRA (PC-MRA), is composed of four steps: segmentation, quantification, registration and data fusion. It uses a region-growing algorithm for vessel segmentation, a skeleton and vessel size determination algorithm, based on discrete geometry, for determination of quantitative properties, and a topology preserving non-rigid registration method to fuse the information. This method, which has been applied to a 18 PC-MRA database, enables to create vascular atlases containing information on brain vessels position, density, size and orientation. The generated atlases are essentially devoted to segmentation purpose but can also be used for anatomical description or pathology detection.
The Development Of Resistance By Candida Species To Polyene Antibiotics In Vitro (1971)

SUMMARY The MIC of nystatin was determined for 1389 successive isolates of candida from clinical specimens, and of amphotericin B for 1307 successive isolates. A further 626 isolates of C. albicans were tested for sensitivity to nystatin and a further 708 to amphotericin B. All these were shown to be sensitive. After gradual exposure on solid media to increased antibiotic concentrations, isolates of seven candida species became resistant to nystatin, amphotericin B, candicidin, pimaricin, and filipin. Compared with the polyene-sensitive parent isolates, the resistant cultures showed decreased growth rate, reduced production of germ tubes, slower production of chlamydospores, reduced suspension stability, reduced ergosterol content, and reduced pathogenicity. Isolates resistant to one polyene were found to show cross-resistance to other polyenes. The fluctuation and Newcombe tests suggested that the development of resistance was due to mutation. Resistant isolates showed reversion to sensitivity and some return of their normal properties when no longer exposed to polyenes. There was no evidence of the transfer of resistance from one isolate to another.
Immunochemotherapy in advanced neuroblastoma (1978)

Twenty-two children with advanced (Stage III and IV) neuroblastoma have been treated in a nonrandomized fashion, half with a three-drug regimen consisting of vincristine, adriamycin, and cyclophosphamide, and half with this same drug combination plus the nonspecific immunostimulatory agent, MER/BCG. The addition of MER to the three-drug combination appeared to improve the duration of survival in this pilot study. The median duration of response was less than one year in the combination chemotherapy alone arm. The median duration of complete remission in children treated with the addition of MER has yet to be reached at 24 months.