gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clinical Implications of Basic Science Discoveries: Microchimerism Finds a Major Role in Reproductive Success; but Does It Also Contribute to Transplant Success? (2016)

Conventional wisdom argues against inbreeding, to maintain hybrid vigor and increase MHC diversity in response to pathogens. A recent report from the laboratory of Sing-Sing Way uses a mouse model to test a hypothesis put forward by Ray D. Owen more than 60 years ago: that a certain amount of inbreeding is a good thing. Owen proposed that antigens not inherited from the mother (noninherited maternal antigens), when replicated on the mate of the daughter, could protect the latter's developing child from fetal wastage due to immune attack during her pregnancy. Kinder et al use elegant mouse breeding models and MHC class II peptide tetramers to show that Owen's hypothesis, based only on humoral (anti-Rh IgG) data and a small sample size, was indeed correct. The mediators of this cross-generational protection turn out to be a special kind of Foxp3<sup>+</sup> T regulatory cell, the development of which requires the persistence of maternal microchimerism into adulthood. The implications of this discovery for the role of microchimerism in tolerance to transplants are discussed.
Optimum Conditions for the Dual Temperature Exchange Process of Producing Heavy Water (1959)

The equations which represent the head-separation factors of the dual-temperature-exchange columns are derived and the optimum operating conditions for them as well as the design of the columns to bring about the following four possible cascade schemes are discussed.Cascade Schemes:Non-Mixing cascade (Cf. Fig. 3)The stripped output from the second stage enters the top of the enriching column together with the enriched output from the first stage.Scheme 1: Gas is circulated.Scheme 2: Liquid is circulated.Mixing cascade (Cf. Fig. 4)The stripped output from the second stage enters the top of the stripping column.Scheme 3 Gas is circulated.Scheme 4: Liquid is circulated.Assumptions:(1) Only the low-deuterium-content region is made the subject of study.(2) Liquid-phase catalysts may be employed in these cascades, although no catalyst will be necessary in water-H2 S system.(3) The cross sectional area of each column is proportional to its gas throughput.(4) The stage variables (γ, N, n, δ, Tl, Th, etc.) are constant throughout each of the entire cascades.Summaries of the results obtained are as follows:(1) The head separation factors β are given by the following equations, Scheme 1:Scheme 2:Scheme 3:Scheme 4:(2) The total volumes of the enriching and stripping columns, V, are given by:Scheme 1:Scheme 2:Scheme 3:Scheme 4:(3) Some numerical calculations are carried out for each of the cascade schemes and the following results are obtained.a) There is an optimum condition for the minimum total volume of the cascade, and it depends upon the variables of each stage.b) The liquid circulating cascade is preferable to the gas circulating cascade.c) If the cost of feed may be left out of consideration, the cascade of Scheme 4 will be the most preferable, as shown in Table 1.
Characterisation of low energy boron implants and electrical results of submicron PMOS transistors (2002)

Low energy boron implants between 200 eV and 10 keV have been characterised for the effect of channelling and of pre-amorphisation on the as-implanted profiles. Suitable rapid thermal anneal conditions for a shallow drain formation compatible with a 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS process were determined. One of these conditions was then used to fabricate PMOS transistors with shallow drain extensions using a 0.18 /spl mu/m flow chart. Transistor characteristics such as threshold voltage, junction leakage and asymmetry were then measured as a function of implanted species and energy, and of gate length.
On the Burgers vector of a wave dislocation (2009)

Following Nye and Berry's analogy with crystal dislocations, an approach to the Burgers vector of a wave dislocation (phase singularity, optical vortex) is proposed. It is defined to be a regularized phase gradient evaluated at the phase singularity, and is computed explicitly. The screw component of this vector is naturally related to the helicoidal twisting of wavefronts along a vortex line, and is related to the helicity of the phase gradient. The edge component is related to the nearby current flow (defined by the phase gradient) perpendicular to the vortex, and the distribution of this component is found numerically for random two-dimensional monochromatic waves.
How to Beat the Lottery (2018)

The lottery is a common feature of modern life. Lotteries range from the Irish Sweepstakes, with its yearly large drawings and enormous payoffs, to daily numbers games run by state governments. Elementary probabilistic reasoning tells people that, unless they can predict the future or rig the lottery, a single number that we pick has a 1 in 1000 chance of winning. Since the winning numbers and the payoffs come in pairs, a number and a payoff for each drawing, people can produce a scatterplot of the data to see if there is any relationship between the payoff and the winning number. There are substantially higher payoffs for numbers with a leading zero, meaning fewer people bet on these numbers. Perhaps that reflects people's reluctance to think of numbers with leading zeros. The box in a boxplot contains the middle half of the data; the whiskers extending from the box reach to the most extreme non-outlier; outlying points are plotted individually.
Photochemistry of higher chlorinated PCBs in cyclohexane (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemistry of higher chlorinated PCBs in cyclohexaneFrancois L. Lepine, Sylvain M. Milot, Nancy M. Vincent, and Denis GravelCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1991, 39, 11, 2053–2056Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00011a034https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00011a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views107Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Parallel solution-phase syntheses of functionalised bicyclo[2.2.2]octanes: generation of a library using orchestrated multi-step sequences of polymer-supported reagents and sequesterants (2000)

An array of bicyclo[2.2.2]octane derivatives was prepared in high yield using an orchestrated multi-step sequence of polymer-supported reagents and sequestering agents, without any chromatographic purification steps. Nine intermediate libraries were synthesised, with the final library possessing five sites of diversity. Key steps included an efficient tandem Michael addition reaction of acrylates with cyclohexenones and a subsequent reductive amination reaction.
A study of the structural and magnetic properties of some transition metal complexes of pyridine and pyrazine carboxylates (2009)

In this work, a variety of transition-metal complexes incorporating anionic ligands with certain similar structural characteristics were synthesised and examined. The compounds were characterised by IR and UV/VIS/NIR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, elemental analysis, variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility, and, where possible, also by single-crystal X-ray analysis or X-ray powder diffraction. The neutral ligand precursors employed were 2,3-pyridine dicarboxylic acid (2,3-pydcH₂), 2,4- pyridine dicarboxylic acid (2,4-pydcH₂), 2,5-pyridine dicarboxylic acid (2,5-pydcH₂), pyrazine carboxylic acid (pyzcH), 2,5-pyrazine dicarboxylic acid (2,5-pyzdcH₂), and benzimidazole-2-carboxylic acid (bicH₂), all of which have a carboxylic acid group adjacent to a heteroaromatic ring nitrogen. The metal ions used were manganese (II), cobalt (II), nickel (II), copper (II), and cadmium (II). Both benchtop and hydrothermal preparations were performed. The isolated products include monometallic, polymetallic, and heterobimetallic coordination compounds. Magneto-structural correlations were performed for the various paramagnetic compounds prepared. The majority of the compounds were magnetically dilute or weakly antiferromagnetic. One polymetallic short-range ferromagnet was prepared (Cu(2,4-pydc)•0.5H₂O), one heterobimetallic coordination polymer proved to be ferromagnetic ([Cu(2,4-pydc)₂Mn(H₂O)4][sub x]), and one heterobimetallic species proved to have long-range ferrimagnetic ordering (Co(2,5-pydc)₂Mn-H₂O). Compounds incorporating ligated water were subjected to thermal dehydration, and the derivatives of lesser hydration were characterized and their magnetic activities compared to that of the parent compounds. In most cases, the dehydrated compounds were weakly antiferromagnetic, with slightly stronger exchange than the weakly antiferromagnetic or magnetically dilute parent compounds. Some showed no measurable change. Three showed an alteration in the type of magnetic coupling taking place: from weakly antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic for [Cu(2,4-pydc)(H₂O) ₂][sub x] → Cu(2,4-pydc)-0.5H₂O , from ferromagnetic to weakly antiferromagnetic for [Cu(2,4-pydc)₂Mn(H₂O)₄][sub x] → Cu(2,4-pydc)₂Mn(H₂O), and from weakly antiferromagnetic to strongly ferrimagnetic for [Co(2,5-pydc)₂(H₂O)₂Mn(H₂O)₄][sub x] 4xH₂O → Co(2,5-pydc)₂Mn(H₂O).
Sufficient conditions for stability of longest-queue-first scheduling: second-order properties using fluid limits (2006)

We consider the stability of the longest-queue-first scheduling policy (LQF), a natural and low-complexity scheduling policy, for a generalized switch model. Unlike that of common scheduling policies, the stability of LQF depends on the variance of the arrival processes in addition to their average intensities. We identify new sufficient conditions for LQF to be throughput optimal for independent, identically distributed arrival processes. Deterministic fluid analogs, proved to be powerful in the analysis of stability in queueing networks, do not adequately characterize the stability of LQF. We combine properties of diffusion-scaled sample path functionals and local fluid limits into a sharper characterization of stability.
Soliton bunching in annular Josephson junctions (1996)

By studying soliton (fluxon) motion in long annular Josephson junctions it is possible to avoid the influence of the boundaries and soliton-soliton collisions present in linear junctions. A new experimental design consisting of a niobium coil placed on top of an annular junction has been used to insert individual fluxons or antifluxons into the junction in a controllable way. The dynamical behavior of different numbers of trapped fluxons was investigated. In addition, we were able to change the junction parameters by changing temperature. In some of the zero-field steps, the experiments reveal a small jump to higher values of the voltage at the top of the steps. This phenomenon can be caused by a crossover from a nonbunched state to a bunched state of the fluxon motion. By performing direct numerical simulations using the perturbed sine-Gordon equation with parameter values determined from the experiments we have been able to confirm the above explanation.
Veterinary and medical aspects of abortion in Danish sheep (2006)

The Danish sheep population totals around 144,000 animals, but little is known of the causes and prevalance of diseases. This study focuses on the causes of abortion in Danish sheep. During one breeding season, aborted foetuses and stillbirths with signs of intrauterine death or malformation were submitted for laboratory examination from a population of 3,758 breeding ewes. Samples from 24 incidents of abortion and 21 ewes delivering malformed lambs or lambs with ante partum decomposition were submitted. A specific aetiology was established in 66.7% and 14.3% of the cases, respectively. Bacterial pathogens were the most prevalent cause of abortion. Several of the abortifacients were zoonotic microorganisms, for example Listeria monocytogenes, Campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Toxoplasma gondii. The identified microorganisms probably represent the most common causes of abortion in Danish sheep but occurrence in Denmark of other pathogens such as Coxiella burnetii and Chlamydophila abortus cannot be excluded. Due to the high prevalence of zoonotic microorganisms, precautions must be taken in handling abortions or assisting lambing, especially for pregnant women.
The structural basis for localisation and signalling by the focal adhesion targeting domain (2002)

HPr protein kinase/phosphatase (HPrK) is a bifunctional enzyme with protein kinase and protein phosphatase activities. The balance between these two activities determines the output of the catabolite repression signaling pathway in Gram-positive bacteria. HprK from Staphylococcus xylosus consists of two clearly separated domains, which are assembled in a hexameric structure resembling a 3 bladed propeller. The C-terminal domain (kinase/phosphatase) contains two phosphate ions in the P-loop region which (by analogy with nucleoside monophosphate kinases) we propose to mimic the product-bound state.
Успехи в синтезе полигидроксипроизводных 8&оксабицикло[3. 2. 1]октана (2010)

Synthesis individual stereoisomeric heterocyclic diols and benzene esters is carried out. Epoxidation of double endocyclic bonds by m-chloroperbenzoic acid led to α-oxides and oxidation OsO4 led to vicinic diols.
Spectroscopic Ellipsometry-Instrumentation Overview & Trends (1992)

Ellipsometry has been extensively used since long time ago, particularly the HeNe null ellipsometer using compensator plate. This technique is very well known for its accuracy on thickness and refractive for a thin single transparent layer.
Shielded underground cable detection by electromagnetic radiation (1963)

Electromagnetic radiation from a signal injected into a cable is analyzed with a view to locating underground power cable by detecting the radiation above ground. There exists an optimum frequency band for each cable type, despite the fact that the metal shield surrounding the cable suggests the use of as low a frequency as possible. Equipment consisting of a simple 50-kc mains-operated signal generator and a portable transistorized detector unit that can locate cable through ten feet of soil is described
Tuning Reactivity of Micellar Nanoreactors by Precise Adjustments of the Amphiphiles and Substrates Hydrophobicity (2021)

<p>Polymeric assemblies, such as micelles, are gaining increasing attention due to their ability to serve as nanoreactors for the execution of organic reactions in aqueous media. The ability to conduct transformations, which have been limited to organic media, in water is essential for the further development of the important fields of green</p><p>catalysis and bioorthogonal chemistry, among other fields. In light of the recent progress in the expanding the scopes of reactions that can be conducted using nanoreactors, we aimed to gain deeper understanding of the roles of the hydrophobicity of both the core of micellar nanoreactors and the substrates on the reaction rates in water. Towards this goal we designed a set of metal-loaded micelles, composed of PEG-dendron amphiphiles and studied their ability to serve as nanoreactors for a palladium mediated depropargylation reaction of four substrates with different LogP values. Using dendrons as the hydrophobic block, allowed us to fine tune the lipophilicity of the dendritic end-groups and study how precise structural changes in the hydrophobicity of the amphiphiles affect the reaction rates. The kinetic data revealed linear relations between the rate constants and the hydrophobicity of the amphiphiles (estimated by the dendron’s</p><p>cLogP), while exponential dependence was obtained for the lipophilicity of the substrates (estimated by their LogP values). Our results demonstrate the vital contributions of the hydrophobicity of both the substrates and amphiphiles on the lipo-selectivity of nanoreactors, illustrating the potential of tuning hydrophobicity as a tool for optimizing</p><p>the reactivity and selectivity of nanoreactors.</p>
Heritable fragile sites on human chromosomes. IX. Population cytogenetics and segregation analysis of the BrdU-requiring fragile site at 10q25. (1982)

The frequencies of the bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-requiring fragile site at 10q25 in 1,026 unselected neonates, 901 patients referred for chromosome studies, and 87 institutionalized retardates were not significantly different from each other. The gene frequency was .013, and the population was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Segregation analysis confirmed that the fragile site followed codominant inheritance. This fragile site and its nonfragile allelomorph can be considered to constitute the first true chromosomal polymorphism to be described in man.
A multi-model approach for anomaly detection and diagnosis using vibration signals (2013)

Continuous vibration monitoring of mechanical roller bearing parts potentially reduces machine downtime through timely prediction and diagnosis of abnormal events. Despite the progress made in the literature, challenges remain in how to assess performance related information for maintenance decision-making from large data streams. Furthermore, since roller bearings operate under various regimes (e.g., speed and load), it is not trivial to consider the effect of regime changes in the modeling in order to reduce false alarms. The paper describes a multi-model approach to monitor the condition of roller bearings under different operating regimes. Two modeling approaches for anomaly and degradation monitoring are proposed to automatically retrieve information from the data. A self-organizing map (SOM) and a support vector machines (SVM) are used comparatively for the evaluation of a bearing degradation in time (i.e., a dynamic health indicator) and for the determination of changes in the tracked features. The proposed method is validated using data from multiple bearings of the same type.
Guidance Material for Mode S-Specific Protocol Application Avionics (2007)

Abstract : This ATC report presents guidance material for the use of the Ground-Initiated Comm. B (GICB) register set contained in a Mode S transponder. The guidance material is intended to provide assistance for implementers of Mode S avionics installations. A common summary of the requirements and specifications for Mode S GICB transponder register data link applications is developed. While this ATC report focuses primarily on the Elementary Surveillance (ELS), Enhanced Surveillance (EHS), and Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) applications, guidance information is also provided for general transponder configuration and architecture of other Mode S functions employing the GICB register set. Although the information contained in this ATC report is drawn from a number of approved national and international standards, it is not intended to replace or supersede those standards documents. In the event of a conflict or contradiction between this ATC report and any approved standards, the approved standard takes precedence and the reader is encouraged to contact the authors of this document.
MUNICIPAL SUPPLY AUGMENTED BY TREATED SEWAGE (1971)

Refinery demands necessitated increased water treating plant capacity at the Lima Refinery of The Standard Oil Co. (Ohio). Based on a complete engineering study, it was decided to replace the existing manual hot‐process–hot‐ion‐exchange system with a modern, high‐rate solids‐contact clarifier, dual‐media air‐scoured filters, and a continuous‐countercurrent sodium‐cycle ion‐exchange system.
1.4-W red generation by frequency mixing of seeded Yb and Er fiber amplifiers (2002)

Synchronous seeding of kW peak, 10 W average power Yb and Er fiber amplifiers is proposed and used for sum-frequency generation of 1.4-W average power at 630 nm in periodically poled potassium titanyl phosphate (PPKTP). The potential of scalability to 3-4 W average power in the red is discussed.
Left ventricular periostin gene expression is associated with fibrogenesis in experimental renal insufficiency (2011)

Periostin is involved in fibrotic cardiac remodelling in CRI. The re-expression of periostin is localized to the fibrotic and inflammatory lesions and is most likely the consequence of elevated BP.
Improved weight gain in pigs using levamisole as an immunomodulator (1999)

Metho ds: Piglets (N = 1606) from a commercial segregated early-weaned (SEW) herd were randomly assigned either to receive one injection of levamisole within 24 hours of birth (T1 group), to receive levamisole once within 24 hours of birth and again at weaning (T2 group), or to a control group. Pigs were individually weighed within 24 hours of birth, at weaning, and at 7 weeks of age. Differential leukocyte count (DLC) was measured in the peripheral blood of 121 pigs before and after each treatment to examine the effect of levamisole on the proportional lymphocyte count. Results : The treated pigs weighed significantly more than the control pigs at weaning (P < .001). From birth to 7 weeks of age, both the T1 and the T2 group gained significantly more (P < .001) than the control group. Neither mortality nor culling differed significantly among treatment and control groups. Treated pigs had a higher proportion of lymphocytes 24 hours after the first treatment than the control pigs (P < .05). There was no difference in the proportion of lymphocytes 24 hours after the second treatment. Implic ations : Treatment with levamisole at birth and at weaning is associated with an increase in average daily gain (ADG).
NPR1 enhances the DNA binding activity of the<i>Arabidopsis</i>bZIP transcription factor TGA7This paper is one of a selection of papers published in a Special Issue from the National Research Council of Canada – Plant Biotechnology Institute. (2009)

Pathogen-induced transcriptional reprogramming of the plant genome is mediated predominantly by the cofactor NPR1 (NON-EXPRESSOR OF PATHOGENESIS-RELATED GENES1). NPR1 lacks any known DNA-binding domain and is proposed to regulate transcription through interactions with TGA transcription factors that bind to as-1-like promoter elements. Previous studies have focused on the interaction of NPR1 with subgroup I (TGA1, TGA4) or subgroup II (TGA2, TGA5, TGA6) factors. Using the yeast two-hybrid system, we showed that a member of subgroup III (TGA7) interacts with wild-type NPR1 but not with mutants in the ankyrin repeats that are important for disease resistance. Mutations in the NPR1 BTB/POZ domain also greatly reduced interaction with TGA7. NPR1 substantially increased the binding of TGA7 to cognate promoter elements in vitro, including a salicylic-acid-inducible element of the PR-1 promoter. While TGA7 interacted with all TGA factors tested, interactions were not observed between TGA2 and subgroup I factors, indicating that cross-clade interaction is not a general property of the family. Transcripts from subgroup III TGA factors were weakly inducible by salicylic acid and pathogens, but only TGA3 expression was dependent on NPR1. These results suggest that NPR1-mediated DNA binding of TGA7 could regulate the activation of defense genes.