gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anti-Opioid Receptor Antibody Recognition of a Binding Site on Brain and Leukocyte Opioid Receptors (1990)

Opioid receptors reportedly exist on neuronal tissue of central and peripheral origin as well as on cells of the immune system. Previously, an opioid receptor has been purified from the neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid cell line, NG108-15 cells. In an effort to compare these results with opioid receptors isolated from primary neuronal tissue, we employed a methodology based on the molecular recognition theory to develop a monoclonal antibody which was used to isolate and biochemically characterize murine brain opioid receptors. We herein report the purification of an opioid receptor from mouse brain with a molecular weight of 65,000 daltons (range was 62-70 kD under reducing conditions) using a monoclonal antibody to an (the) opioid receptor. In situ labeling experiments with the delta-class selective opioid receptor affinity ligand, cis-(+)-3-methylfentanylisothiocyanate (SUPERFIT) of brain membrane confirmed these observations. Moreover, SUPERFIT, when coupled to the binding site, could block the recognition of the receptor by the monoclonal antibody. However, the selective, mu-class opioid receptor affinity reagent, 2-(p-ethoxybenzyl)-1-N,N-diethylaminoethyl-5-isothiocyanatobenz imidazole was ineffective at masking the binding site from recognition by the monoclonal antibody. Likewise, opioid-like receptors were purified from murine leukocytes which migrated at a molecular weight of 58,000 daltons under nonreducing conditions and 70,000 daltons under reducing conditions. In addition, immunoaffinity-purified receptor is shown to specifically bind the delta-class-selective opioid ligand, cis-(+)-3-methylfentanylisothiocyanate as well as the endogenous opioid peptides, beta-endorphin and [Met]-enkephalin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The Cyano Nitronyl Nitroxide Radical: Experimental and Theoretical Evidence for the Fourth Case of the McConnell-I Mechanism (2002)

The nitronyl nitroxide 2-cyano-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (1) crystallises in the tetragonal P42(1)m space group with a=7.4050(7), c=8.649(1) A. In the crystal the molecules form layers parallel to the ab plane in which they are orthogonal to each other. In the layers there are close contacts, 2.953(2) A, between the NO groups and the bridging carbon atoms of the O-N-C-N-O fragment of neighbouring radicals. The calculated spin density shows a positive population mainly and equally localised on the NO groups and small but significant negative spin densities on the bridging carbon atom and the cyano nitrogen. Absorption spectra show temperature-dependent transitions related to the magnetic behaviour. The temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility in the range 2-300 K reveals that couplings between the radicals are antiferromagnetic, and is interpreted by considering a two-dimensional square array of spin S=1/2 antiferromagnetically coupled (J=-10 cm(-1) and g=2.01). This is interpreted as an exchange coupling through close contact between positive and negative spin densities in orthogonal orbitals on oxygen and carbon atoms, respectively.
A quantum mechanical model of gate leakage current for scaled NMOS transistors with ultra-thin High-K dielectrics and metal gate electrodes (2007)

This paper develops a quantum mechanical model for gate leakage current in scaled high-K metal-gate,NMOS transistors by considering both DT and TAT in low gate voltage regions,which can also be applied to other dual dielectric layer systems. The tunneling current is very sensitive to the low dielectric constant layer thickness. The proper control of the interfacial layer is important to continue CMOS device scaling.
Temporal disease trajectories condensed from population-wide registry data covering 6.2 million patients (2014)

Abstract A key prerequisite for precision medicine is the estimation of disease progression from the current patient state. Disease correlations and temporal disease progression (trajectories) have mainly been analysed with focus on a small number of diseases or using large-scale approaches without time consideration, exceeding a few years. So far, no large-scale studies have focused on defining a comprehensive set of disease trajectories. Here we present a discovery-driven analysis of temporal disease progression patterns using data from an electronic health registry covering the whole population of Denmark. We use the entire spectrum of diseases and convert 14.9 years of registry data on 6.2 million patients into 1,171 significant trajectories. We group these into patterns centred on a small number of key diagnoses such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and gout, which are central to disease progression and hence important to diagnose early to mitigate the risk of adverse outcomes. We suggest such trajectory analyses may be useful for predicting and preventing future diseases of individual patients.
Establishment of an in vitro model for cisplatin resistance in human neuroblastoma cell lines. (1995)

Two unique cisplatin-resistant neuroblastoma (NB) cell lines have been derived from the established lines IMR-32 and SK-N-SH by treatment with escalating doses of cisplatin. IMR/CP.20 was 6.6-fold and SK/CP.15 was 3.8-fold more resistant to the cytotoxic effects of cisplatin than the parent lines. The parent SK-N-SH cells were 16.6-fold more resistant to the effects of cisplatin than IMR-32 cells. The cisplatin-resistant cell lines demonstrated alterations to their morphology, but there was no change in the cell growth characteristics of the resistant compared to the sensitive lines. Cytogenetic analysis revealed that clonal selection of parental subclones had occurred with additional chromosomal changes in both resistant lines. Both IMR/CP.20 and SK/CP.15 lines were cross-resistant to aphidicolin and to L-phenylalanine mustard. The IMR/CP.20 line was 7.3-fold more resistant to mitomycin C than the parent line. Neither cisplatin-resistant NB line was cross-resistant to 5-fluorouracil, etoposide or doxorubicin. All NB lines had low levels of DNA repair compared to HeLa or CHO-K1 cells. However, the IMR/CP.20 cell line showed a significantly higher ability to effect DNA repair than the parent IMR-32 line, indicating that the increased resistance to cisplatin observed in this line may, in part, be due to an enhanced DNA repair capacity.
Clostridium Perfringens Toxins Involved in Mammalian Veterinary Diseases~!2009-08-24~!2009-09-11~!2010-03-09~! (2010)

Clostridium perfringens is a gram-positive anaerobic rod that is classified into 5 toxinotypes (A, B, C, D, and E) according to the production of 4 major toxins, namely alpha (CPA), beta (CPB), epsilon (ETX) and iota (ITX).However, this microorganism can produce up to 16 toxins in various combinations, including lethal toxins such as perfringolysin O (PFO), enterotoxin (CPE), and beta2 toxin (CPB2).Most diseases caused by this microorganism are mediated by one or more of these toxins.The role of CPA in intestinal disease of mammals is controversial and poorly documented, but there is no doubt that this toxin is essential in the production of gas gangrene of humans and several animal species.CPB produced by C. perfringens types B and C is responsible for necrotizing enteritis and enterotoxemia mainly in neonatal individuals of several animal species.ETX produced by C. perfringens type D is responsible for clinical signs and lesions of enterotoxemia, a predominantly neurological disease of sheep and goats.The role of ITX in disease of animals is poorly understood, although it is usually assumed that the pathogenesis of intestinal diseases produced by C. perfringens type E is mediated by this toxin.CPB2, a necrotizing and lethal toxin that can be produced by all types of C. perfringens, has been blamed for disease in many animal species, but little information is currently available to sustain or rule out this claim.CPE is an important virulence factor for C. perfringens type A gastrointestinal disease in humans and dogs; however, the data implicating CPE in other animal diseases remains ambiguous.PFO does not seem to play a direct role as the main virulence factor for animal diseases, but it may have a synergistic role with CPA-mediated gangrene and ETX-mediated enterotoxemia.The recent improvement of animal models for C. perfringens infection and the use of toxin gene knock-out mutants have demonstrated the specific pathogenic role of several toxins of C. perfringens in animal disease.These research tools are helping us to establish the role of
The orientation of the mineral crystals in the radius and tibia of the sheep, and its variation with age. (1991)

The direction of preferred orientation of the hydroxyapatite crystals in both the tibia and radius of the sheep is close to the long axis of the bone, notwithstanding the angle of about 30 degrees which, for the tibia, exists between the long axis and the direction of principal dynamic strain during locomotion. For both bones the orientation of the cranial cortex, which is a tension surface during locomotion, is about 40% larger than the caudal. The variation with age of the magnitude of the preferred orientation for the sheep bones is contrasted with what has been reported earlier for the human femur. Notably, for the sheep, both bones show substantial orientation at birth--having increased steadily during gestation--so that the animal is able to stand and walk at the outset.
A New Wavelet Based Image Denoising Method (2012)

This paper proposes a new wavelet based image denoising method by using linear elementary parameterized denoising functions in the form of derivatives of Gaussian of a set of estimated wavelet coefficients. These coefficients are derived from an improved context modeling procedure in terms of mean square error estimation combining inter- and intra-sub band data. The denoising method results in a two-step denoising effort which outperforms the state-of-the-art non-redundant methods. This method is also extended to the over complete wavelet expansion by applying cycle spinning, which provides additional denoising performance and yields significantly better results than the orthogonal transform.
Robust Neural Malware Detection Models for Emulation Sequence Learning (2018)

Malicious software, or malware, presents a continuously evolving challenge in computer security. These embedded snippets of code in the form of malicious files or hidden within legitimate files cause a major risk to systems with their ability to run malicious command sequences. Malware authors even use polymorphism to reorder these commands and create several malicious variations. However, if executed in a secure environment, one can perform early malware detection on emulated command sequences. The models presented in this paper leverage this sequential data derived via emulation in order to perform Neural Malware Detection. These models target the core of the malicious operation by learning the presence and pattern of co-occurrence of malicious event actions from within these sequences. Our models can capture entire event sequences and be trained directly using the known target labels. These end-to-end learning models are powered by two commonly used structures - Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Networks and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Previously proposed sequential malware classification models process no more than 200 events. Attackers can evade detection by delaying any malicious activity beyond the beginning of the file. We present specialized models that can handle extremely long sequences while successfully performing malware detection in an efficient way. We present an implementation of the Convoluted Partitioning of Long Sequences approach in order to tackle this vulnerability and operate on long sequences. We present our results on a large dataset consisting of 634,249 file sequences, with extremely long file sequences.
Low Concentration of Sodium Butyrate from Ultrabraid+NaBu suture, Promotes Angiogenesis and Tissue Remodelling in Tendon-bones Injury (2016)

Sodium butyrate (NaBu), a form of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA), acts classically as a potent anti-angiogenic agent in tumour angiogenesis models, some authors demonstrated that low concentrations of NaBu may contribute to healing of tendon-bone injury in part at least through promotion of tissue remodelling. Here, we investigated the effects of low-range concentrations of NaBu using in vitro and in vivo assays using angiogenesis as the primary outcome measure and the mechanisms through which it acts. We demonstrated that NaBu, alone or perfused from the UltraBraid+NaBu suture was pro-angiogenic at very low-range doses promoting migration, tube formation and cell invasion in bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs). Furthermore, cell exposure to low NaBu concentrations increased expression of proteins involved in angiogenic cell signalling, including p-PKCβ1, p-FAK, p-ERK1/2, p-NFκβ, p-PLCγ1 and p-VEGFR2. In addition, inhibitors of both VEGFR2 and PKCβ1 blocked the angiogenic response. In in vivo assays, low concentrations of NaBu induced neovascularization in sponge implants in mice, evidenced by increased numbers of vessels and haemoglobin content in these implants. The findings in this study indicate that low concentrations of NaBu could be an important compound to stimulate angiogenesis at a site where vasculature is deficient and healing is compromised.
<i>β</i> ‐Cell differentiation and regeneration in type 1 diabetes (2013)

Pancreatic insulin-producing β-cells have traditionally been viewed as a quiescent cell population. However, several recent lines of evidence indicated that like most tissues the β-cell mass is dynamically regulated with ongoing β-cell regeneration throughout life to replenish lost or damaged β-cells. In type 1 diabetes (T1D), this fine-tuned balance between β-cell death and β-cell renewal in the endocrine pancreas is lost and the deficit in β-cell mass is largely caused by autoimmune-mediated apoptosis. Currently, the concept that a cure for T1D will require both re-establishment of immunological tolerance along with replacement or regeneration of a functional β-cell mass in T1D patients is generally accepted. In this study our current understanding of the events directing β-cell replication, β-cell reprogramming from different cell types and β-cell regeneration is reviewed, in view of the results of various immunomodulatory strategies aiming at blocking autoimmune responses against pancreatic β-cells and at improving β-cell mass and function in subjects with T1D.
Über Dichloro‐chromibromid und Dibromo‐chromichlorid (1907)

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STUDIES IN BARLEY AND MALT XXII. EFFECT OF ELEVATED TEMPERATURES DURING MULTIPLE STEEPING* (1964)

Conditions have been found whereby, through multiple steeping procedures, green malt ready for kilning may be manufactured on a small scale from a six-rowed variety of barley, Olli, in 3 1/2 days. In the case of a two-rowed variety, Proctor, the corresponding time is 4 days though this may be reduced to 3 1/2 days if the grain is treated with gibberellic acid immediately after the first period of steeping. It is found that the induction of water sensitivity effected in barley by the initial steep depends on the temperature of the steeping treatment, rather than on the moisture uptake during steeping. Optimum conditions for the initial steep are those which soonest raise the moisture contents of the barley varieties Proctor and Olli to minimum values of 32% and 38% respectively, provided (a) germinative energy is not impaired, and (b) induced water sensitivity does not exceed approximately 35%. A study of the changes which occur in the properties of the grain as measured by standard analytical methods during malting when the multiple steeping procedure is employed shows that such technique simply accelerates the process of modification which takes place in barley under conventional conditions of malting. Individual varieties of barley are placed in the same order of malting quality, whether malted conventionally or by multiple steeping techniques.
Detection and treatment of activated T cells in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (2000)

Patients with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) offer the opportunity to explore the mechanisms underlying tumor immunity and immune-mediated neuronal degeneration. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) specific for the PCD onconeural antigen cdr2 found in the blood of patients with PCD are likely to be effectors of PCD tumor immunity. Here, we suggest a role for CTLs in the autoimmune destruction of Purkinje neurons. More than 75% of the cells obtained from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of PCD patients were CD3+ alphabeta T cells. In patients with active/progressive disease, 20% to 40% of CSF cells were activated T cells, and the CD4+ helper cells were Th1-type cells. Three PCD patients were given tacrolimus, a specific inhibitor of activated T cells, which markedly reduced these cells in the CSF. Tacrolimus also reduced the number of activated cdr2-specific CTLs in the peripheral blood, but did not lead to tumor recurrence. We suggest that activated cdr2-specific CTLs in the CSF contribute to Purkinje degeneration in PCD, and that tacrolimus therapy may benefit patients with paraneoplastic neurological disease and other T cell-mediated autoimmune neurological disorders.
Seismic Strengthening of Carpentry Joints in Traditional Timber Structures (2008)

The static and dynamic behavior of timber structures largely depends on their connections. In traditional timber construction, elements are usually connected with carpentry joints based on contact pressure and friction, often with only minor reinforcement generically intended to avoid disassembling. In current practice, interventions for the upgrading of carpentry joints are mainly based on empirical knowledge according to tradition. Often they produce a general strengthening of the connection, but are not specific for the case of seismic action. Strengthening on heuristic bases may be only partially effective or possibly disproportioned. The behavior of the carpentry joints most used in roof structures is examined. The birdsmouth joint, connecting rafters to the tie beam, has been studied first, characterizing its behavior numerically and experimentally in monotonic and cyclic conditions. Other forms of the rafter‐to‐tie connection, the double notch joint and the case of parallel rafters, are discussed. Some general criteria for the seismic strengthening of these joints are presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Substituted Quinolines and Coumarins Through a Sequential Vinylic Substitution/Annulation Process. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Intensity-based feedback of the thermally induced denaturation of collagen (2002)

Since the birefringent property of collagenous tissue results in a phase shift between scattered orthogonal linear polarizations, this phase shift was used to develop an intensity based measurement technique of birefringence. If the two orthogonal polarizations are coupled into a common linear polarization then interference, and thus intensity, may be used to dynamically measure denaturation-associated birefringence losses. Excellent agreement between the theory and experiments were obtained.
Vacuum Operation of the Flame-Ionization Detector for Gas Chromatography (1993)

Journal Article Vacuum Operation of the Flame-Ionization Detector for Gas Chromatography Get access U.R. Bernier, U.R. Bernier Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R.A. Yost R.A. Yost * Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 *Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Chromatographic Science, Volume 31, Issue 9, September 1993, Pages 358–362, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/31.9.358 Published: 01 September 1993 Article history Received: 05 May 1992 Revision received: 25 November 1992 Published: 01 September 1993
<i>Enterobacter oligotrophica</i> sp. nov., a novel oligotroph isolated from leaf soil (2019)

A novel oligotrophic bacterium, designated strain CCA6, was isolated from leaf soil collected in Japan. Cells of the strain were found to be a Gram-negative, non-sporulating, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. Strain CCA6 grew at 10-45°C (optimum 20°C) and pH 4.5-10.0 (optimum pH 5.0). The strain was capable of growth in poor-nutrient (oligotrophic) medium, and growth was unaffected by high-nutrient medium. The major fatty acid and predominant quinone system were C<sub>16:0</sub> and ubiquinone-8. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated strain CCA6 presented as a member of the family Enterobacteriaceae. Multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) based on fragments of the atpD, gyrB, infB, and rpoB gene sequences was performed to further identify strain CCA6. The MLSA showed clear branching of strain CCA6 with respect to Enterobacter type strains. The complete genome of strain CCA6 consisted of 4,476,585 bp with a G+C content of 54.3% and comprising 4,372 predicted coding sequences. The genome average nucleotide identity values between strain CCA6 and the closest related Enterobacter type strain were <88.02%. Based on its phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic features, strain CCA6 (=HUT 8142<sup>T</sup> =KCTC 62525<sup>T</sup> ) can be considered as a novel species within the genus Enterobacter with the proposed name Enterobacter oligotrophica.
Cardiac amyloidosis in a heart transplant patient - A case report and retrospective analysis of amyloidosis evolution (2015)

Cardiac amyloidosis is a very rare cause of heart failure in heart transplant recipients but an important differential diagnosis in cases of progressive cardiac failure. We report a 72-year-old male patient with the diagnosis of senile systemic amyloidosis (SSA) in a transplanted heart 15 years after transplantation by the initial diagnosis of the dilated cardiomyopathy. Additionally performed immunohistochemical analysis with anti-transthyretin antibody of the cardiac biopsies of the last 15 years enabled the possibility to show the evolution of this disease with characteristic biphasic pattern.
Many particle theory for the luminescence, characterization and simulation of quantum well laser structures (2002)

A photon Green's function theory is used to incorporate Bethe- Salpeter-like many body corrections in the the computations of nonlinear optical spectra of semiconductor quantum well laser materials. The numerical results presented reproduce several features found in the experimental characterization of the actual devices.