gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Endothelin-1 Upregulation in the Kidney of Uninephrectomized Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats and Its Modification by the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Quinapril (1997)

Endothelin (ET-1) is a potent vasoconstrictor that plays an important role in the control of renal circulation and tubular function. The contribution of this peptide to the pathogenesis of systemic hypertension and renal failure remains largely undefined. In spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) uninephrectomized at 20 weeks of age (UNX-SHR) and followed until 45 weeks of age, we determined ET-1 gene expression in renal tissue by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and its localization by in situ hybridization in paraffin-embedded kidney sections. Age-matched SHR and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were chosen as controls. At the end of the follow-up, UNX-SHR had high systolic blood pressure, intense proteinuria, mesangial expansion, focal and segmental glomerular sclerosis, and tubulointerstitial lesions. In relation to WKY and SHR, UNX-SHR exhibited an increase in ET-1 gene expression in renal cortex and medulla. By in situ hybridization and immunoperoxidase staining, an overexpression of ET-1 gene and protein were seen in mesangial and glomerular epithelial cells and in some proximal tubules and vessels. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity was significantly increased in the renal brush border. Since in mesangial cells, angiotensin II induces ET-1 synthesis, a group of UNX-SHR received the ACE inhibitor quinapril from the time of UNX. These animals had a decrease in blood pressure, proteinuria, and serum and brush border ACE activity and in the expression and synthesis of ET-1 in all renal areas. On the whole, these data show that UNX-SHR have an upregulation of ET-1 gene and protein in several structures of the kidney compared with SHR and WKY rats. Quinapril diminished ACE activity and ET-1 expression and synthesis coincidentally with an improvement in proteinuria and morphological lesions. The beneficial effects of ACE inhibitors may be due to the diminution of both angiotensin II and ET-1 generation.
Microalbuminuria and Peripheral Arterial Disease Are Independent Predictors of Cardiovascular and All-Cause Mortality, Especially Among Hypertensive Subjects (1999)

Microalbuminuria (MA) is associated with increased cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. It has been proposed that MA reflects generalized atherosclerosis and may thus predict mortality. To investigate this hypothesis, we studied the associations between, on the one hand, MA and peripheral arterial disease (PAD), a generally accepted marker of generalized atherosclerosis, and, on the other hand, cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in an age-, sex-, and glucose tolerance-stratified sample (n=631) of a population-based cohort aged 50 to 75 years followed prospectively for 5 years. At baseline, the albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) was measured in an overnight spot urine sample; MA was defined as ACR >2.0 mg/mmol. PAD was defined as an ankle-brachial pressure index below 0.90 and/or a history of a peripheral arterial bypass or amputation. After 5 years of follow-up, 58 subjects had died (24 of cardiovascular causes). Both MA and PAD were associated with a 4-fold increase in cardiovascular mortality. After adjusting for age, sex, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, levels of total and HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride, body mass index, smoking habits, and preexistent ischemic heart disease, the relative risks (RR) (95% confidence intervals) were 3.2 (1.3 to 8.1) for MA and 2.4 (0.9 to 6.1) for PAD. When both MA and PAD were included in the multivariate analysis, the RRs were 2.9 (1.1 to 7.3) for MA and 2.0 (0.7 to 5.7) for PAD. MA and PAD were both associated with an about 2-fold increase in all-cause mortality. The RRs of all-cause mortality associated with MA and PAD were about 4 times higher among hypertensive than among normotensive subjects. We conclude that both MA and PAD are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. MA and PAD are mutually independent risk indicators. The associations of MA and PAD with all-cause mortality are somewhat weaker. They are more pronounced in the presence of hypertension than in its absence. These data suggest that MA affects mortality risk through a mechanism different from generalized atherosclerosis.
VLSI architecture design approaches for real-time video processing (2008)

This paper discusses the programmable and dedicated approaches for real-time video processing applications. Various VLSI architecture including the design examples of both approaches are reviewed. Finally, discussions of several practical designs in real-time video processing applications are then considered in VLSI architectures to provide significant guidelines to VLSI designers for any further real-time video processing design works.
Formation and Control of Oxides of Nitrogen Emissions From Gas Turbine Combustion Systems (1972)

Results of an investigation into the levels of oxides of nitrogen in Westinghouse gas turbine exhausts are presented. Various methods of controlling the amounts of these emissions were considered. The oxides of nitrogen were reduced most effectively by lowering the maximum flame temperature. This was done by either leaning the primary zone of the combustor, by water injection in the primary zone, or by using vitiated combustion air. Reductions in NOx levels to 15 percent of original values were achieved.
Effect of a Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. tenebrionis Insecticidal Spray on the Mortality, Feeding, and Development Rates of Larval Tasmanian Eucalyptus Leaf Beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) (1999)

The leaf beetle Chrysophtharta bimaculata (Olivier) is an endemic insect pest that can severely defoliate eucalypt forests and plantations in Tasmania, Australia. Damaging levels of insect defoliation on plantation eucalypts are minimized currently using an integrated pest management (IPM) system. The effects of the biological insecticide, Novodor FC (active ingredient: Bacillus thuringiensis variety tenebrionis) on the mortality, feeding, and development rates of C. bimaculata larvae are being evaluated for its suitability for inclusion in this IPM program. In a dose–response trial, Novodor was very effective at killing 1st instars. However, older larvae showed an increasing tolerance to the toxin that was not proportional to their body weight. At 20°C, maximum mortality occurred at 4 d after treatment, although further natural mortality occurred until adult emergence. Novodor also prolonged the larval development time but deterred feeding by all stages of the surviving larvae. A Bt variety tenebrionis-based insecticide shows potential for inclusion in the IPM program with appropriate monitoring to identify when the majority of the population is at 1st-instar stage. Its feasibility would be enhanced if the toxicity to older larvae could be improved.
Impact of aerosol particles on the structure of an atmospheric pressure microwave plasma afterglow (2002)

Several novel ceramic processing technologies (e.g. oxide ceramic melting and spheroidization) using an atmospheric pressure microwave plasma torch were recently developed in our lab. Understanding the processes and optimization requires complete characterization of the plasma as a function of operating condition. As a first step, a non-intrusive spectroscopic method was employed to map rotational (gas), electron and excitation temperatures and electron densities of the afterglow region of microwave generated atmospheric plasmas with and without alumina particle aerosol. Two-dimensional spatially resolved mapping of rotational (gas), excitation and electron temperatures and electron densities as a function of operating conditions during material processing were developed. It was shown that the passage of an aerosol dramatically changes the structure of the afterglow. Also the non-equilibrium nature of microwave generated atmospheric argon plasma was confirmed, suggesting that only multi-temperature models are capable of modelling this region of the plasma.
Transalveolar transport of large polar solutes (sucrose, inulin, and dextran) (1975)

The in vivo transalveolar transport of three large polar solutes, sucrose, inulin, and dextran (mol wt 60,000-90,00), was compared with the transport of urea in saline-filled dog lung. Apparent permeability coefficents (p', in cm X sec-1 X 10(6)) were as follows; urea: 2.4 +/- 0.28 (SD) greater than sucrose: 0.64 +/- 0.31 (P less than 0.001) greater than inulin: 0.12 +/- .05 (P less than 0.001)--not different from dextran (mol wt 60,000-90,000): 0.08 +/- .02 (P greater then .01). Calculation of the resistance of the alveolar epithelium compared to total barrier resistance for the various solutes indicates that approximately 90% of the total resistance resides in the alveolar epithelium. Comparison of the ratio of permeability coefficients to the ratio of free-diffusion coefficients in water shows similar values for the three large polar solutes, suggesting that permeation through the alveolar epithelium occurs by means of water-filled channels. The values for permeability coefficients of alveolar epithelium fit into the spectrum of values reported for other epithelial structures (including gall bladder, frog skin, and toad bladder); it seems to have a system of channels with a small number of wide "pores" (greater than 80 A) that permit permeation of large polar solutes and is not a relatively homogeneous structure.
Environmental Criminal Enforcement in the 1990's (1992)

T HIS past year, with the celebration of the twenty-first Earth Day, concern for the environment has come of age.Nowhere has this concern manifested itself as greatly as in the area of environmental criminal enforcement, the government's most potent weapon in seeking strict environmental compliance by business and industry.As former Attorney General Richard Thornburgh announced two years ago, when speaking to the National District Attorneys Association, the Department of Justice (DOJ) is "moving to an even-higher [sic] ground in [its] stand to defend the environment."'In January 1991, at a conference of more than 900 federal, state and local environmental law enforcement officials, Thornburgh sounded a clarion call to save "the Blue Planet": So let us resolve to take a more realistic, truly proportional view of these grave offenses against the environment, and pursue white-collar environmental criminals as vigorously as we have chased down other white-collar rip-off artists.I do not exaggerate when I suggest that the ultimate environmental damage to our earth from t Joseph G. Block is a partner in the Washington, D.
Extending the RETE algorithm for event management (2003)

A growing number of industrial applications use rule-based programming. Frequently, the implementation of the inference engine embedded in these applications is based on the RETE algorithm. Some applications supervise a flow of events in which time, through the occurrence dates of the events, plays an important role. These applications need to be able to recognize patterns involving events. However the RETE algorithm does not provide support for the expression of time-sensitive patterns. This paper proposes an extension of RETE through the concepts of time-stamped events and temporal constraints between events. This allows applications to write rules that process both facts and events.
Clearance of corneal crystals in nephropathic cystinosis by topical cysteamine 0.5%. (1991)

A 2-year-old girl with nephropathic cystinosis was successfully treated with topical cysteamine 0.5% to one eye. Clearance of crystals from the treated cornea was virtually complete after three months. The possibilities and limitations of this form of treatment are discussed.
Susceptibility of Zirconium Alloys to Delayed Hydrogen Cracking (1977)

Smooth and notched cantilever beams and round-notched bars were machined from pressure tubes of cold-worked Zr-2.5Nb and Zircaloy-2. They were loaded in the temperature range 290 to 520 K. After two thermal cycles and at high stress, cracks were initiated in smooth beams of cold-worked Zr-2.5Nb. Under the same test conditions, cold-worked Zircaloy-2 plastically deformed with no cracking. When notches were present, cracks propagated at the same rate in both materials by delayed hydrogen cracking. In cold-worked Zr-2.5Nb, the crack velocity followed an Arrhenius plot with an apparent activation energy of 42 kJ/mol. Below 420 K, the threshold stress intensity factor for delayed hydrogen cracking was about 5 MPa m. Therefore, cracking can be prevented by keeping tensile stresses very low.
Characterizing polygonality in biological structures (2006)

Several systems involve spatial arrangements of elements such as molecules or cells, the characterization of which bears important implications to biological and physical investigations. Traditional approaches to quantify spatial order and regularity have relied on nearest neighbor distances or the number of sides of cells. The current work shows that enhanced performance can be achieved by considering angular regularity. Voronoi tessellations are obtained for each basic element and the angular regularity is then estimated from the differences between the angles defined by adjacent cells and a reference angle. In case this angle is 60 degrees, the measurement quantifies the hexagonality of the system. Other reference angles can be considered in order to quantify other types of spatial symmetries. The performance of the angular regularity is compared with other measurements including the conformity ratio (based on nearest neighbor distances) and the number of sides of the cells, indicating its improved sensitivity and discrimination power. The performance evaluation included synthetic (progressively perturbed hexagonal lattices) and real data (retinal mosaics). The good performance of the hexagonality measurements are illustrated also with respect to the problem of quantifying local spatial order in structures involving regions with different organizations as well as systems of points characterized by gradients of local order.
Semitransparent solar modules based on amorphous and microcrystalline silicon (2014)

After modification of standard Oerlikon thin film solar cells producing technology we have managed to fabricate two experimental (10×10 cm2) semitransparent solar modules based on amorphous and microcrystalline silicon with efficiency 6.5% and 6.7% and transparency about 20% and 9% in the visible range.
Measurement of regional blood flow using hydrogen gas generated by electrolysis. (1982)

Electrochemically generated hydrogen gas was used to measure local blood flow by Stosseck et al. The data obtained by their method, however, did not correlate well with those obtained by hydrogen inhalation. We have modified the equation proposed by Stosseck, prolonging the stimulus duration in order to increase the amount of hydrogen generated. In dog white matter the resulting clearance curves were formed to be monoexponential both in the living animal as well as after circulatory arrest when all the clearance is by diffusion away from the electrode. The values calculated by our equation correlated well with those obtained by hydrogen inhalation.
<b>The</b><i><b>titan</b></i><b>mutants of</b><i><b>Arabidopsis</b></i><b>are disrupted in mitosis and cell cycle control during seed development</b> (1998)

We describe in this report a novel class of mutants that should facilitate the identification of genes required for progression through the mitotic cell cycle during seed development in angiosperms. Three non-allelic titan (ttn) mutants with related but distinct phenotypes are characterized. The common feature among these mutants is that endosperm nuclei become greatly enlarged and highly polyploid. The mutant embryo is composed of a few giant cells in ttn1, several small cells in ttn2, and produces a normal plant in ttn3. Condensed chromosomes arrested at prophase of mitosis are found in the free nuclear endosperm of ttn1 and ttn2 seeds. Large mitotic figures with excessive numbers of chromosomes are visible in ttn3 endosperm. The ttn1 mutation appears to disrupt cytoskeletal organization because endosperm nuclei fail to migrate to the chalazal end of the seed. How double fertilization leads to the establishment of distinct patterns of mitosis and cytokinesis in the embryo and endosperm is a central question in plant reproductive biology. Molecular isolation of TITAN genes should help to answer this question, as well as related issues concerning cell cycle regulation, chromosome movement and endosperm identity in angiosperms.
Dendritic Cells Continue To Capture and Present Antigens after Maturation In Vivo (2010)

Dendritic cell (DC) maturation is critical for the regulation of T cell responses. The downregulation of endocytosis on maturation is considered a key adaptation that dissociates prior Ag capture by DCs from subsequent T cell engagement. To study the dynamics of Ag capture and presentation in situ, we studied the capacity for Ag uptake by DCs matured in their natural tissue environment. We found that after maturation in vivo, mouse DCs retained a robust capacity to capture soluble Ags. Furthermore, Ags internalized by mature DCs were efficiently presented on MHC class II and cross-presented on MHC class I. These results suggest that under inflammatory conditions, mature DCs may contribute to T cell stimulation without exclusively relying on prior exposure to Ags as immature DC precursors.
Assessing dose rate distributions in VMAT plans (2016)

Dose rate is an essential factor in radiobiology. As modern radiotherapy delivery techniques such as volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) introduce dynamic modulation of the dose rate, it is important to assess the changes in dose rate. Both the rate of monitor units per minute (MU rate) and collimation are varied over the course of a fraction, leading to different dose rates in every voxel of the calculation volume at any point in time during dose delivery. Given the radiotherapy plan and machine specific limitations, a VMAT treatment plan can be split into arc sectors between Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine control points (CPs) of constant and known MU rate. By calculating dose distributions in each of these arc sectors independently and multiplying them with the MU rate, the dose rate in every single voxel at every time point during the fraction can be calculated. Independently calculated and then summed dose distributions per arc sector were compared to the whole arc dose calculation for validation. Dose measurements and video analysis were performed to validate the calculated datasets. A clinical head and neck, cranial and liver case were analyzed using the tool developed. Measurement validation of synthetic test cases showed linac agreement to precalculated arc sector times within ±0.4 s and doses ±0.1 MU (one standard deviation). Two methods for the visualization of dose rate datasets were developed: the first method plots a two-dimensional (2D) histogram of the number of voxels receiving a given dose rate over the course of the arc treatment delivery. In similarity to treatment planning system display of dose, the second method displays the dose rate as color wash on top of the corresponding computed tomography image, allowing the user to scroll through the variation over time. Examining clinical cases showed dose rates spread over a continuous spectrum, with mean dose rates hardly exceeding 100 cGy min(-1) for conventional fractionation. A tool to analyze dose rate distributions in VMAT plans with sub-second accuracy was successfully developed and validated. Dose rates encountered in clinical VMAT test cases show a continuous spectrum with a mean less than or near 100 cGy min(-1) for conventional fractionation.
Natural T cells: Cranking up the immune system by prompt cytokine secretion (2000)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Scopolamine Reduces Persistent Activity Related to Long-Term Encoding in the Parahippocampal Gyrus during Delayed Matching in Humans (2005)

Recent computational modeling and slice physiology studies have suggested that long-term encoding may depend on sustained spiking during brief memory delays in parahippocampal neurons, and that this persistent spiking activity is modulated by effects of acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors. Our recent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study has shown that sustained parahippocampal delay period activity during delayed match-to-sample performance in healthy young individuals predicted subsequent memory of visual stimuli on a recognition memory assessment 20 min later (Schon et al., 2004). The current study combined this fMRI paradigm with a pharmacological manipulation to test whether this long-term encoding-related delay activity is reduced in subjects who receive the muscarinic cholinergic antagonist scopolamine before fMRI scanning. Subsequent memory was predicted by sustained activity during brief memory delays bilaterally in the perirhinal/entorhinal cortex, in the right posterior parahippocampal and mid-fusiform gyri, and in the hippocampal body in healthy young individuals without a scopolamine challenge. This activity was reduced in subjects receiving scopolamine. The results are consistent with computational modeling data and behavioral pharmacological studies, suggesting that long-term encoding-related activity may be reduced if cholinergic receptors are blocked by scopolamine.
Electronic-state chromatography: application to first-row transition-metal ions (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectronic-state chromatography: application to first-row transition-metal ionsPaul R. Kemper and Michael T. BowersCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 13, 5134–5146Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100166a042https://doi.org/10.1021/j100166a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views481Altmetric-Citations166LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts