gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Homogenization of forest plant communities and weakening of species–environment relationships via agricultural land use (2007)

1 Disturbance may cause community composition across sites to become more or less homogenous, depending on the importance of different processes involved in community assembly. In north-eastern North America and Europe local (alpha) diversity of forest plants is lower in forests growing on former agricultural fields (recent forests) than in older (ancient) forests, but little is known about the influence of land-use history on the degree of compositional differentiation among sites (beta diversity). 2 Here we analyse data from 1446 sites in ancient and recent forests across 11 different landscapes in north-eastern North America and Europe to demonstrate decreases in beta diversity and in the strength of species–environment relationships in recent vs. ancient forests. 3 The magnitude of environmental variability among sites did not differ between the two forest types. This suggests the difference in beta diversity between ancient and recent forests was not due to different degrees of environmental heterogeneity, but rather to dispersal filters that constrain the pool of species initially colonizing recent forests. 4 The observed effects of community homogenization and weakened relationships between species distributions and environmental gradients appear to persist for decades or longer. The legacy of human land-use history in spatial patterns of biodiversity may endure, both within individual sites and across sites, for decades if not centuries.
SAN FRANCISCO DERMATOLOGICAL SOCIETY (1954)

<b>Case for Diagnosis—(Glossitis Rhombica Mediana?).</b>Presented byDr. H. V. AllingtonandDr. R. R. Allington, Oakland, Calif. Mrs. L. C., aged 26, has had a lesion on her tongue for approximately 18 months. It was first called to her attention by her dentist. It has always been asymptomatic. There is no history of injury. She had taken no medication prior to onset. She had sucked a penicillin lozenge for a sore throat shortly before we first saw her on April 6, 1951, but had not done so prior to onset. The lesion was present in approximately the center of the dorsal surface of the tongue and measured about 0.75 by 3 cm. in diameter. It consisted of a slightly reddened area of superficial maceration and loss of papillae. There was moderate infiltration, particularly about the margin. There was no ulceration, and the lesion was not tender. No
Comparison of Experimental and Simulated Thermal Ratings of Drain-Back Solar Water Heaters (1993)

Short-term experimental tests of drain-back solar water heaters are compared to ratings obtained using TRNSYS to determine if computer simulations can effectively replace laboratory thermal ratings of solar domestic hot water heating systems. The effectiveness of TRNSYS in predicting changes in rating due to limited changes in collector area, collector flow rate, recirculation flow rate, storage tank volume, and storage tank design is validated to within ±10 percent. Storage tank design is varied by using a stratification manifold in place of the standard drop tube. Variations in other component sizes and operating factors are based on current industry standards.
Fundamental research on levitation method of a miniaturized magnetic-bearing reaction wheel (2018)

In this paper we propose and design a miniaturized reaction wheel with magnetic bearing. In order to install much equipment into limited weight and space in a small satellite, it's required to miniaturize and reduce the weight of attitude control equipments, such as a reaction wheel. However, when a reaction wheel is miniaturized, the angular momentum decreases. This research aims to increase a wheel angular momentum with high speed rotation with magnetic bearings. In this paper the structure of reaction wheel with magnetic bearing and its control simulation is described.
Effects of obesity and weight loss on plasma ghrelin concentrations in dogs (2003)

peer reviewed
Preclinical activity of the novel orally bioavailable HSP90 inhibitor NVP-HSP990 against multiple myeloma cells. (2012)

Given the current interest in both HSP90 and PI3-kinase/mTOR as potential clinical targets, these observations could broaden the therapeutic utility of either class of inhibitor in MM.
Squeezing Flow between Parallel Disks. I. Theoretical Analysis (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSqueezing Flow between Parallel Disks. I. Theoretical AnalysisPhilip J. Leider and R. Byron BirdCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundamen. 1974, 13, 4, 336–341Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i160052a007https://doi.org/10.1021/i160052a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2088Altmetric-Citations197LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
MOISTURE EXCHANGE BETWEEN THE ATMOSPHERE AND ALPINE SNOW SURFACES UNDER SUMMER CONDITIONS (Preliminary Results) (1960)

In order to determine how much of the summer ablation of alpine snowfields was caused by evaporation, known quantities of snow were exposed to the atmosphere in two types of plastic containers. A net gain of moisture was measured at the snow surface during August 1957. A net loss was measured during the first half of July 1958. The diurnal trend was for condensation at nights, evaporation in mornings, and either evaporation or condensation in the afternoons, depending on weather conditions. Shading the snow reduced melt during daylight hours but increased melt after dark. Poor agreement was found between moisture exchange as computed from Sverdrup's equation and measured values.
Implantation of B, N, and Ar Ion into Al (1973)

The surface hardness, electrical resistance and microstructure of Al implanted with 10 to 50 keV B+, N+, and Ar+ ions to a dose of 1015 to 1017 ions cm−2 were measured, and the effects of ageing on the above characteristics were studied.The results are as follows:(1) The surface hardness of Al implanted with B+, N+, and Ar+ ions increases with the increase of the energy and the dose of ions. The hardness increase is in the following order; B+<N+<Ar+.(2) The residual electrical resistance of Al implanted with B+, N+, and Ar+ ions increases with the increase of the energy and the dose of ions.(3) The surface hardness and the residual resistance of Al implanted with B+ and N+ ions increase by ageing for a dose of 1017 ions cm−2, but decrease monotonously by ageing for a dose less than 1016 ions cm−2.(4) The clustreing of the ions or a fine scale precipitate as well as the dislocation line and the dislocation loop are observed in Al specimens which are implanted with more than 1016 B+ ions cm−2 or more than 1015 N+ or Ar+ ions cm−2. The coarse precipitate and Al-AlB2 eutectic are formed by ageing in Al implanted with B+ ions, and Ar bubbles precipitate in Ar+ ion-implanted Al.
The development of nursing within the red cross and redcrescent movement from 1890 to 2011 (2012)

Introduction: In 1859, Henri Dunant from Switzerland, witnessed the battle in Solferino and the suffering amongthe soldiers. In 1863 the ”International Committee for Relief to the Wounded” held its first meeting.It later became the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC). Henry Dunant suggestedcreating national relief societies, recognizable by the common emblem, and an international treatyto protect the wounded on the battlefield. Shortly thereafter states responded by establishingnursing schools educating Red Cross/Red Crescent (RCRC) nurses. Methods: The historical data on RCRC nursing education derives mainly from two of our research projects; i)the 2009 international questionnaire-survey of nursing activities within the InternationalFederation of the RCRC 186 Societies, and ii) an on-going study where a questionnaire has beensent to RCRC nursing education institution in 30 countries from Africa, Asia, Europe, Middle Eastand South America. Results: Already during the late 19th century, Japan and Sweden as pioneer countries commenced RCRCnursing education, as a response to the humanitarian needs forced by wars and disasters. Later onin 1919, the International Federation of the RCRC established a Nursing Division at the headquarterin Geneva to support and guide its member societies in nursing related issues. In 1947 theNursing Division was reorganized as a respond to the situation after the Second World War and called Nursing and Social Service Bureau. In 1984 the Nursing Bureau was dissolved and nursing issues organized within the Health and Care Department. However, this reorganization did not support a focus on nursing issues including nursing education for the years to come. As a result the Red Cross Nursing Education institutions in Japan and Sweden invited RCRC nursing institutions from all over the world to set up a new Global RCRC Nursing Education network for educational issues with focus on disaster preparedness and response. This new and unique network was launched in connection to the ICN International Nursing Conference in 2011. Discussion and conclusion: Nursing education within the RCRC Movement has over time been responsive to local and globalvulnerability. Countries affected by unrest and disaster and with weak health systems couldbenefit from the experience of nursing education within the RCRC Movement and the newlycreated Global RCRC Nursing Network can be seen as a vehicle of such knowledge.
Prediction of EMG from multiple electrode recordings in primary motor cortex (2004)

An analysis of activity of primary motor cortex (Ml) and muscle activity in the form of EMGs suggests that Ml contains a large amount of muscle related information. The simultaneous activity of a population of Ml neurons was recorded using a multi-electrode, intracortical array while recording arm muscle EMGs from a rhesus monkey during a multi-target, reaching task. Using multiple-input system identification techniques, linear, non-parametric filters relating the firing rates of the neuronal signals to the muscle EMGs were estimated. These filters were able to reconstruct and predict EMG signals directly from the recorded neuronal tiring rates with a high level of accuracy. Initial cross-validations of the filters suggest that the relationships between Ml and muscles contain time and task dependencies as the quality of the predictions drop for longer time periods between filter estimation and EMG prediction and for cross-validations that involve movements to individual targets. Further tests involving more data sets and cross-validations are necessary to determine more precisely the temporal and task-specific stability of these filters. This will greatly increase our knowledge of how arm movement and muscle activity is encoded in the brain and offer practical applications in the harvesting of neural control signals.
Analysis of Base-Position Error Rate of Next-Generation Sequencing to Detect Tumor Mutations in Circulating DNA (2016)

Targeted next-generation sequencing analyzed with the base-PER method represents a robust and low cost method to detect circulating tumor DNA in patients with cancer.
An analysis of control plane recovery requirements for GMPLS-enabled meshed transport networks (2008)

In this paper, we investigate failure recovery requirements for GMPLS-based control planes. To this end, we firstly identify major protocol disruptions due to connectivity outages in the control plane. This allows the derivation of a new parameter, which quantifies such disruptions thus providing a figure of merit for performance evaluation. As the main contribution, we propose and validate different control plane topologies over a meshed transport network scenario. In particular, through simulation results, we initially provide comparison amongst them from a resilience viewpoint. Secondly, we focus on certain network resilience requirements and we discuss the suitability of either IP rerouting or dedicated backup control link protection as the failure recovery mechanism.
1H NMR structural study of free and template-linked antigenic peptide representing the C-terminal region of the heavy chain of influenza virus hemagglutinin. (1996)

A 12 kDa template-assembled molecule, incorporating four oxime-linked synthetic peptides representing residues 306-328 of influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA), has been analysed by 1H NMR spectroscopy. The molecule (referred to as the 'tetraoxime') is of interest because it has been shown to elicit a better immune response than the free, monomeric peptide not only in the production of antibodies crossreactive with HA but also in its ability to elicit CD4+ T helper cells. We describe here an NMR structural analysis of (i) the unlinked template molecule and (ii) the free peptide and show that their conformations are not affected upon assembly of the tetraoxime. Our results suggest that the increased immune response observed for the tetraoxime may be due to its greater size and valency compared to that of the free peptide rather than being due to any induced structural effects.
Optical parametric oscillation with periodically poled stoichiometric lithium tantalate (2004)

A low-threshold (106-mW) singly resonant optical parametric oscillation (OPO) was demonstrated in near-stoichiometric periodically poled LiTaO/sub 3/. A simple oscillator, with a two-mirror cavity was pumped by a Nd:YVO/sub 4/ laser, had an output of 628 mW at 1.1 W pump and was tuned over 1.53-1.63 /spl mu/m (signal) and 3.06-3.49 /spl mu/m (idler). We obtained a slope efficiency of 65 % with 35-mm device length at 175 /spl deg/C. Average ratios of domain width and poling characteristics were described.
Cavity Effects on the Design of Turbine Profiled End Walls (2008)

The minimization of the secondary losses of a low-pressure turbine row by modifying its end walls, using a gradient-based optimization method is presented. The cavities of the turbine row are included in the simulation and the comparison with the case without cavities is discussed. It is concluded that the presence of the cavity alters significantly the horseshoe vortex and the profiled end-walls just affect the passage vortex and hence larger amplitudes are required to control the flow. A method for the fast and automatic meshing of the domain, which is essential for the optimization process, is also described.
Effect of solvent on nonradiative processes in xanthene dyes: pyronin B in alcohols and alcohol-water mixtures (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffect of solvent on nonradiative processes in xanthene dyes: pyronin B in alcohols and alcohol-water mixturesYavuz Onganer and Edward L. QuitevisCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1992, 96, 20, 7996–8001Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100199a033https://doi.org/10.1021/j100199a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views216Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Surface Effects in Partial Oxidation of Propane (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSurface Effects in Partial Oxidation of PropaneL. F. Albright and E. M. WinterCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1966, 5, 3, 244–249Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i360019a008https://doi.org/10.1021/i360019a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views46Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Microstructure analysis technique for aluminum metallzations by transmission electron microscopy (1992)

This paper discusses two kinds of specimen preparation technique to observe the specific regions of aluminum lines and vias by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The first technique is a plan‐view specimen preparing method to observe the voids in aluminum lines. The procedure consists of a polymerized film coating, mechanical polishing, ion milling and dry etching. Aluminum lines supported with polymerized film remain in the specimen prepared by this technique. The second technique is a cross‐sectional specimen preparing method to observe specific regions. The procedure consists of mechanical polishing and focused ion beam (FIB) etching. A very thin sliver containing the specific region is left by FIB etching.These sample preparation techniques allow analysis of stress‐induced voids at aluminum lines and aluminum/aluminum vias.
Adaptive Web sites: automatically synthesizing Web pages (1998)

The creation of a complex web site is a thorny problem in user interface design. In IJCAI &apos;97, we challenged the AI community to address this problem by creating adaptive web sites: sites that automatically improve their organization and presentation by mining visitor access data collected in Web server logs. In this paper weintroduce our own approach to this broad challenge. Specifically, we investigate the problem of index page synthesis --- the automatic creation of pages that facilitate a visitor&apos;s navigation of a Web site. First, we formalize this problem as a clustering problem and introduce a novel approach to clustering, which we call cluster mining: Instead of attempting to partition the entire data space into disjoint clusters, we search for a small number of cohesive (and possibly overlapping) clusters. Next, we present PageGather, a cluster mining algorithm that takes Web server logs as input and outputs the contents of candidate index pages. Finally, we show experime...
Single versus double diophantine equation debate: comments on ‘A polynomial approach to Wiener filtering’ (1988)

Abstract Comments made on a paper by Grimble concerning the number of diophantine equations which are needed to solve the optimal filtering problem are shown not to be valid for the system description employed. A comment regarding the proof of optimality is also discussed.
CHAOS SYNCHRONIZATION IN CHUA'S CIRCUIT (1993)

A number of recent papers have investigated the feasibility of synchronizing chaotic systems. Experimentally one of the easiest systems to control and synchronize is the electronic circuit. This paper examines synchronization in Chua's Circuit, proven to be the simplest electronic circuit to exhibit chaotic behavior.
Lidar Observations of the Diurnal Behavior of the Cumberland Power Plant Plume (1980)

Mobile lidar observations were made downwind of TVA’s Cumberland (Tennessee) power plant as part of the STATE (Sulfur Transport and Transformation in the Environment) program. Vertical profiles of aerosol backscatter have been processed and displayed to show plume structure as an intensity-modulated TV presentation. Available meteorological data, especially the pilot balloon and radiosonde measurements collected during the STATE experiment, have been used to aid in the interpretation of the lidar display. The data show: •Well defined nighttime plumes, which often tilt or display a layered structure in the shape of a “>”.•Late morning convective breakup of the plume.•Well mixed convective plumes during the day.•Reformation of the layered nighttime plume during the late afternoon. It appears that the nighttime plume behavior can be related qualitatively to the strong directional shear of the wind with height that often accompanies the stable nighttime atmosphere. The nighttime plume shapes frequently differ markedly from the oval shape one expects of a gaussian plume. Daytime plumes are in better conformance to the expected shape except when constricted by the surface or the top of the mixing layer
Comparison of Mohs Micrographic Surgery and Wide Excision for Extramammary Paget's Disease (2003)

Mohs micrographic surgery compares favorably with wide excision. Intraoperative immunostaining with cytokeratin 7 is helpful in delineating disease, as are preoperative scouting biopsies and photodynamic diagnosis.
IL-18 and IL-12 Signal Through the NF-κB Pathway to Induce NK-1R Expression on T Cells (2003)

Substance P engages the T cell neurokinin 1 receptor (NK-1R) to enhance IFN-gamma production. NK-1R on T cells is inducible. We studied mechanisms regulating T cell NK-1R expression. Murine splenocytes were cultured for 4 h with or without rIL-12 or rIL-18. Both IL-12 and IL-18 induced splenic T cells to express NK-1R transcripts. Induction was blocked by actinomycin D, but not cycloheximide, suggesting that protein synthesis was not required for initiation of NK-1R gene transcription. Inhibition of T cell NF-kappa B activation or NF-kappa B nuclear translocation also blocked NK-1R transcription. IL-12 and IL-18 strongly induce NK-1R mRNA expression in splenocytes from Stat4(-/-) mice, suggesting that the Stat4 pathway was not required for the induction of NK-1R transcription. Splenic T cells exposed to IL-12 or IL-18 in the presence of IL-10 expressed no NK-1R mRNA. However, TGF beta did not prevent NK-1R mRNA expression. Thus, IL-12 and IL-18 induce T cells to express NK-1R through NF-kappa B activation. IL-10, a regulator of the Th1 response, blocks this activation. These data further suggest that SP and NK-1R, which promote IFN-gamma synthesis, are part of the Th1 pathway of immunity.