gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cyclooxygenase-1 inhibition delays recovery of the cutaneous barrier disruption caused by mechanical scratching in mice (2007)

COX-1-coupled PGD(2) biosynthesis may be an important factor in the recovery of cutaneous barrier disruption.
Spherically curved crystals for X-ray plasma diagnostics (1999)

Summary form only given. We report on our continued development of the X-ray plasma diagnostics based on spherically curved crystals. The diagnostics include X-ray spectroscopy with 1D spatial resolution and 2D monochromatic self-imaging and backlighting. The system is currently used, but not limited to diagnostics of the targets ablatively accelerated by the NRL Nike KrF laser.
2209 Physical load of wheelchair user while driving a manual wheelchair on slope road (2010)

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the body load of the wheelchair users on the various road conditions. To verify practical effectiveness of the slope to horizontal conversion coefficient as the index of body load, we measured the oxygen uptake and the wheelchair driving force on the ascending and descending slope course and the equivalent distance level course that is estimated by the conversion coefficient As a result, the oxygen cost index of the slope course and the equivalent level course using the conversion coefficient is almost corresponding, and it means effectiveness of the index. However, it was suggested that we should consider the total energy cost during entire wheelchair running and the influence of fatigue.
Thermal Interaction between Laser and Micro-mirrors (1999)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text J. Zhang, V. M. Bright, and Y. C. Lee, "Thermal Interaction between Laser and Micro-mirrors," in Spatial Light Modulators and Intgrated Optoelectronic Arrays, OSA Technical Digest (Optica Publishing Group, 1999), paper SWC2. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Automated Discovery and Quantification of Image-Based Complex Phenotypes: A Twin Study of Drusen Phenotypes in Age-Related Macular Degeneration (2011)

Computational discovery of genetically determined features can reveal quantifiable AMD phenotypes that are genetically determined without explicitly linking them to specific genes. In addition, it can identify phenotypes that appear to result predominantly from environmental exposure. The approach is rapid and unbiased, suitable for large datasets, and can be used to reveal unknown phenotype-genotype relationships.
Interconnecting offshore wind farms using multiterminal VSC-based HVDC (2006)

This paper presents a large off shore wind farm interconnected to the grid using a multiterminal HVDC link. The 200 W wind farm consists of 100 individual 2 MW turbines connected using 25 VSC (voltage source converter) converters to a common DC bus. The transmission system converters enable variable speed operation and therefore additional converters are not needed with individual generators, implying savings in converter costs. The paper presents PSCAD simulation of the proposed concept for various changes in wind speeds. The results confirm the ability to operate at optimum coefficient of performance and no synchronization problems occur even for severe wind speed changes. Further tests with faults on AC grid demonstrate satisfactory recoveries. The proposed concept may enable integration of large offshore wind farms at considerable distances, and using optimal number of converters
Finding emotion in image descriptions (2012)

In this paper, we approach the problem of classifying emotion in image descriptions. A method is proposed to perform 6-way emotion classification and is tested against two labeled datasets: a corpus of blog posts mined from LiveJournal and a corpus of descriptive texts of computer generated scenes. We perform feature selection using the mRMR technique and then use a multi-class linear predictor to classify posts among the Ekman Big Six emotions (happiness, sadness, anger, surprise, fear, and disgust) [9]. We find that TFIDF scores on lexical features and LIWC scores are much more helpful in emotion classification than using scores calculated from existing sentiment dictionaries, and that our proposed method performs significantly better than a baseline classifier that chooses the majority class. On the blog posts, we achieve 40% accuracy, and on the corpus of image descriptions, we achieve up to 63% accuracy.
Cardiac Non-Human Leukocyte Antigen Identification: Techniques and Troubles (2017)

Historically efforts have focused on the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) as the major cause for acute and chronic rejection following cardiac transplantation. However, rising evidence indicates that non-HLA antibodies can be both primary initiators and modifiers of antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) and cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV). The purpose of this review is to assess currently available technologies for non-HLA identification and leveraging such responses toward antibody quantification. Several techniques have been used to identify antigenic determinants of recipient graft-specific non-HLA humoral immune responses, but each comes with its own set of benefits and caveats. Improving our ability to detect non-HLA humoral immune response will aid in our understanding of the underlying antigenic determinants of AMR and CAV, as well as improve patient outcomes.
CpG Stimulation of Primary Mouse B Cells Is Blocked by Inhibitory Oligodeoxyribonucleotides at a Site Proximal to NF- <i>κ</i> B Activation (2001)

Bacterial DNA and CpG-oligodeoxyribonucleotides (ODN) are powerful B cell activators, inducing apoptosis protection, cell cycle entry, proliferation, costimulatory molecule expression, immunoglobulin (Ig) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion. However, proximal events in B cell activation by ODN are only partially characterized, including the translocation of NF-kappaB to the nucleus. In this paper, we provide evidence that CpG-ODN-induced cell cycle entry and apoptosis protection are blocked by SN50 or gliotoxin and thus require NF-kappaB activation. NF-kappaB activation occurred within 30 minutes of stimulation of murine B cells with a phosphorothioate (S) CpG-ODN and persisted for up to 40 hours, with p50, p65, and c-Rel as the major components. Similar to other NF-kappaB inducers, CpG-ODN caused an early IkappaBalpha and IkappaBbeta degradation plus cleavage of the p50 precursor and subsequent NF-kappaB nuclear translocation. A group of closely related S-ODN, which specifically blocked CpG-induced B cell activation at submicromolar concentrations, also prevented NF-kappaB DNA binding and transcriptional activation. These inhibitory S-ODN differed from stimulatory S-ODN by having 2-3 G substitutions in the central motif. As inhibitory S-ODN did not directly interfere with the NF-kappaB DNA binding but prevented CpG-induced NF-kappaB nuclear translocation of p50, p65, and c-Rel and blocked p105, IkappaBalpha, and IkappaBbeta degradation, we concluded that their putative target must lie upstream of inhibitory kinase (IKK) activation.
Comparison of bone and osteosarcoma adenylate cyclase. Effects of Mg2+, Ca2+, ATP4− and HATP3− in the assay mixture (1980)

The effects of Mg(2+) and Ca(2+) on bone and osteosarcoma adenylate cyclase were investigated. The concentrations of the cations and other ionic species in the assay mixture were calculated by solving the simultaneous equations describing the relevant ionic interactions (multiple equilibria). We re-examined the effects of HATP(3-) and ATP(4-) on enzyme activity and found that (i) the concentration of the minor ATP species is less than 1% of that of MgATP(2-), and their ratio to MgATP(2-) is constant if Mg(2+) and H(+) concentrations are unchanged; (ii) Mg(2+) addition decreased the ratio of the minor species to MgATP(2-) and increased the enzyme activity, but no meaningful kinetic model could attribute this effect of HATP(3-) or ATP(4-). On the other hand, kinetic analysis of Mg(2+) effects showed: (i) stimulation via two metal sites, separate from the catalytic (MgATP(2-)) site, with apparent K(m) values of approximately 1 and 8mm; (ii) that the low affinity increased towards the higher one when the enzyme activity rose as a result of increased substrate or guanine nucleotide concentrations, this effect being less pronounced in tumour; (iii) conversely, that two apparent affinities for MgATP(2-) merged into one at high Mg(2+) concentration; (iv) kinetically, that this relationship is of the mixed con-competitive type, which is consistent with a role for Mg(2+) as a requisite activator, and binding occurring in non-ordered sequence. Analysis of the Ca(2+) effects showed: (i) competition with Mg(2+) at the metal site (K(i) 20mum for bone and 40mum for tumour); (ii) that relative to the substrate the inhibition was uncompetitive, i.e. velocity decreased and affinity increased proportionally, which is consistent with Ca(2+) binding after substrate binding. These findings support the existence of interacting enzyme complexes, losing co-operativity at increased enzyme activity. They also indicate a potential physiological role for Ca(2+) in enzyme regulation and point to quantitative differences between bone and tumour with regard to these properties.
Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Multiple Myeloma. (2010)

Abstract Abstract 4569 Background: Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo HCT) is a potentially curative therapy for multiple myeloma (MM), but has high treatment-mortality (TRM). In addition, disease relapse occurs in a significant number of patients. We sought to evaluate if the recent advances in the field of HCT and MM have impacted the results of allo HCT for MM. We present the results of allo HCT performed at a single center over last 25 years. Methods: 149 patients with MM who underwent allo HCT between 11/1985 and 6/2010 using myeloablative (MA) N= 52, or reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) N=97 at our institution were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Patient characteristics and pertinent outcomes are summarized in the Table. 62 (42%) were female. Median age was 50 (28-70) years. Median follow up is 2.4 years [11.3 years for the patients who received allo HCT prior to year 2000(<2000); 2 years for the patients who received allo HCT in the year 2000 and onwards (≥2000)]. TRM at 2 year was 37%. TRM was significantly lower for year ≥2000, recipients of RIC regimens, recipients of peripheral blood stem cells (HPC-A), and disease status at transplant PR or better. There was no difference between TRM for patients above or below age 50 years (p 0.08). Grade II-IV acute and limited or extensive chronic graft-versus host disease was seen in 31%, and 37% patients, respectively. Progression free survival (PFS) at 2 year and 5 year was 23% (95% CI: 16–30) and 15% (95% CI: 9–21), respectively. Overall survival (OS) at 2 year and 5 year was 40% (95% CI: 32–48) and 21% (95% CI: 13–29), respectively. At the time of last follow up 40 patients are still alive and 28 are in remissionn, longest for 166 months. On univariate analysis the OS was significantly better for year ≥2000 versus year <2000; recipients of HPC-A versus HPC-M; primary responsive disease versus relapse or primary refractory disease at HCT; disease status at HCT PR or better; and patients without poor risk cytogenetic features at diagnosis. OS was longer in patients who received maintenance therapy post allo HCT (N=12) versus the patients who did not, although it did not reach statistical significance (2.9 years versus 8.4 months; p 0.06). Conclusion: Allo HCT for MM can offer long term disease control in a subset of MM patients. TRM has declined and outcomes have significantly improved over the last decade. Maintenance therapy may have a role post allo HCT. Disclosures: Shah: Celgene: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Millennium: Research Funding. Weber:novartis-unpaid consultant: Consultancy; Merck- unpaid consultant: Consultancy; celgene- none for at least 2 years: Honoraria; millenium-none for 2 years: Honoraria; celgene, Millenium, Merck: Research Funding. Qazilbash:Celgene: Speakers Bureau.
Effect of pH and Cl<SUP>&minus;</SUP> Ion Concentration on Corrosion Behaviour of Iron in Methanol Solution (1991)

The effects of pH and Cl− concentration on the corrosion behaviour of iron in methanol solution have been investigated. In the pH range of neutral to 2.5, it is found that anodic polarization curves do not change dramatically, and the passive state is clearly observed. However, at pH 2.0, iron does not exhibit passive behaviour. Furthermore below pH 1.5, the corrosion potential shifts to a more negative value and the uniform dissolution is observed. On the other hand, lowering of the pH value causes an increase in cathodic current around the corrosion potential. Therefore, it can be presumed that methanol itself plays a role of the oxidant in the corrosion of iron in methanol solution at a low pH value. Anodic polarization behaviour is affected enormously by the presence of Cl−. In the methanol solution containing only 10 ppm of Cl−, the anodic dissolution current is increased about two orders of magnitude.
Comparative<i>in vivo</i>and<i>in vitro</i>analyses of putative virulence factors of<i>Burkholderia pseudomallei</i>using lipopolysaccharide, capsule and flagellin mutants (2009)

Burkholderia pseudomallei is a gram-negative bacillus that is the causative agent of melioidosis. We evaluated host-pathogen interaction at different levels using three separate B. pseudomallei mutants generated by insertional inactivation. One of these mutants is defective in the production of the polysaccharide side chains associated with lipopolysaccharide; one does not produce the capsular polysaccharide with the structure -3)-2-O-acetyl-6-deoxy-beta-d-manno-heptopyranose-(1-; and the third mutant does not produce flagellin. We compared the in vivo virulence in BALB/c mice, the in vitro fate of intracellular survival inside human polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) and macrophages (Mphis) and the susceptibility to killing by 30% normal human serum, reactive nitrogen and oxygen intermediates and antimicrobial peptides with that of their wild-type counterpart. The lipopolysaccharide and capsule mutants demonstrated a marked reduction in virulence for BALB/c mice, but the flagellin mutant was only slightly less virulent than the parent strain. The results from the BALB/c mice experiments correlated with survival in Mphis. The lipopolysaccharide and capsule mutants were also more susceptible to killing by antimicrobial agents. All bacteria were equally susceptible to killing by PMNs. Altogether, the data suggest that lipopolysaccharide and capsule and, to a much lesser extent, flagella, are most likely associated with the virulence of this bacterium and highlight the importance of intracellular killing by PMNs and Mphis in disease pathogenesis.
Improving existing motor protection for medium voltage motors (2003)

The authors analyze motor failures and the associated costs. The abilities and limitations of older forms of motor protection utilizing induction type over current relays are contrasted with the desired protection. The features of several different types of current microprocessor-based relays are reviewed as eligible candidates for motor protection upgrades. An example of work performed as part of a comprehensive field retrofit is presented, as well as the associated economic considerations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Frequency-modulated, tunable, semiconductor-optical-amplifier-based fiber ring laser for linewidth and line shape control (2008)

We report how the linewidth and line shape of a tunable semiconductor-optical-amplifier-based fiber ring laser can be actively adjusted by applying an intracavity frequency modulation to the laser. Frequency-modulated laser operation is achieved by driving the phase modulator frequency close to the cavity axial-mode spacing, leading to a constant-amplitude laser output having a periodically varying instantaneous frequency. The resulting linewidth varies proportionally with the inverse of the frequency detuning, and it is adjustable from submegahertz to over more than 5 GHz. By appropriate selection of the modulating waveform we have synthesized a near-Gaussian output line shape; other line shapes can be produced by modifying the modulating waveform. Experimental observations are in good agreement with a simple model.
Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy (nesidioblastosis) in clinical remission: high incidence of diabetes mellitus and persistent beta-cell dysfunction at long-term follow-up. (1995)

In persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy (PHHI), the long term outcome of the disease is not well documented. Previous reports suggested that partial pancreatectomy in infants does not endanger future islet function. We evaluated endocrine pancreatic function in 14 PHHI patients 6.5-21 yr after diagnosis. Eight underwent early subtotal pancreatectomy, and 6 were medically treated; all were in clinical remission. Intravenous glucose tolerance and C-peptide suppression tests were performed, with multiple determinations of hormone levels. The insulin response to glucose was blunted in all pancreatectomized and in 2 conservatively treated patients. Glucose disposal was reduced in 6 pancreatectomized patients and in 2 medically treated subjects. Six of the pancreatectomized patients, including two with normal glucose disposal at first evaluation, developed overt diabetes during puberty. None in the medically treated group became diabetic; however, only 2 patients have reached puberty. C-Peptide suppression in response to hypoglycemia was inadequate in 4 of 5 pancreatectomized and 3 of 5 nonpancreatectomized patients studied. These results show that children with PHHI have impaired insulin responses to glucose and lack of suppressibility of endogenous insulin secretion several years after clinical remission. Thus, the beta-cell defect responsible for the disease in infancy is not corrected with time despite the disappearance of spontaneous hypoglycemia. Insulin secretion seems more disturbed in pancreatectomized patients; the majority develop insulin-requiring diabetes during puberty. An effort should be made to treat PHHI patients medically to avoid pancreatectomy; this may reduce the incidence of diabetes at puberty.
Biological Activity and Antidiabetic Potential of C-Terminal Octapeptide Fragments of the Gut-Derived Hormone Xenin (2016)

Xenin is a peptide that is co-secreted with the incretin hormone, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), from intestinal K-cells in response to feeding. Studies demonstrate that xenin has appetite suppressive effects and modulates glucose-induced insulin secretion. The present study was undertaken to determine the bioactivity and antidiabetic properties of two C-terminal fragment xenin peptides, namely xenin 18-25 and xenin 18-25 Gln. In BRIN-BD11 cells, both xenin fragment peptides concentration-dependently stimulated insulin secretion, with similar efficacy as the parent peptide. Neither fragment peptide had any effect on acute feeding behaviour at elevated doses of 500 nmol/kg bw. When administered together with glucose to normal mice at 25 nmol/kg bw, the overall insulin secretory effect was significantly enhanced in both xenin 18-25 and xenin 18-25 Gln treated mice, with better moderation of blood glucose levels. Twice daily administration of xenin 18-25 or xenin 18-25 Gln for 21 days in high fat fed mice did not affect energy intake, body weight, circulating blood glucose or body fat stores. However, circulating plasma insulin concentrations had a tendency to be elevated, particularly in xenin 18-25 Gln mice. Both treatment regimens significantly improved insulin sensitivity by the end of the treatment period. In addition, sustained treatment with xenin 18-25 Gln significantly reduced the overall glycaemic excursion and augmented the insulinotropic response to an exogenous glucose challenge on day 21. In harmony with this, GIP-mediated glucose-lowering and insulin-releasing effects were substantially improved by twice daily xenin 18-25 Gln treatment. Overall, these data provide evidence that C-terminal octapeptide fragments of xenin, such as xenin 18-25 Gln, have potential therapeutic utility for type 2 diabetes.
THE SPECTRUM AND TERM ANALYSIS OF V I (2010)

High-resolution spectra of neutral vanadium have been recorded by Fourier transform spectrometry in the region 1492–28600 Å (67020–3496 cm−1) with vanadium–neon and vanadium–argon hollow cathode lamps as sources. Most of the lines exhibit fully or partly resolved hyperfine structure, but the wavenumber uncertainty for the center of gravity of the strongest lines is 0.002 cm−1. Of the previously published energy levels of V i, 72 have been revised and 37 discarded. In addition, 89 new levels have been found. In total 346 odd levels and 198 even levels are presented. Wavenumbers and classifications are given for 3130 V i lines.
Microdissection Is Essential for Gene Expression Profiling of Clinically Resected Cancer Tissues (2002)

The gene expression array method enables us to achieve expression profiling with thousands of genes. Clinically resected bulk cancer tissues, however, contain not only cancer cells but also stromal cells, which may affect gene expression profiling and hamper accurate analysis of the cancer cells per se. Therefore, a procedure for dissecting specific cells, such as laser capture microdissection, is neededfor the clinical application of a gene expression array. There has been no study actually comparing 2 gene expression profiles, one obtained using RNA extractedfrom cancer cells by laser capture microdissection and one obtained using RNA extractedfrom bulk cancer tissues. Wefirst demonstrated the difference in expression patterns between them, without any amplification procedures. In addition, differential expression analysis between tumor and nontumor tissue yielded quite different patterns between the 2 methods. We conclude that microdissection is essential for gene expression profiling of clinical specimens.