gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High SNR approximations ofthecapacity of MIMO correlated Ricianchannels:a largesystemapproach. (2007)

Thispaperstudies highSNRapproximations ofthe ergodic mutualinformation ofblockfading MIMO correlated Rician channels. Theexact expression ofthemutualinformation ofsuchchannels isquite complicated, anddifficult touseto obtain convenient highSNR approximations. Inthispaper, it isreplaced byanaccurate large systemapproximant obtained inthecasewherethenumberoftransmit andreceive antennas tandr converge to+ocatthesamerate. Thelarge system approximant isstudied athighSNR,anditisshownthat3 different behaviours arepossible depending onr,therankofthe line ofsight component andtheRician factor. Theaccuracy ofthe highSNRapproximant isshowntobeconnected tothesupport ofthedeterministic large system approximant oftheeigenvalue distribution oftheGrammatrix ofthechannel. Thisallows to infer thattheapproximant isaccurate forrealistic values ofr andtifr7?torifr= t,theline ofsight component isinvertible andtheRician factor isgreater thanacertain threshold. I.INTRODUCTION Theergodic capacity ofablockfading MIMO correlated Rician channel H isdefined asthemaximumofacomplicated function defined onthesetofpositive Hermitian matrices whosenormalized traces areequal to1.Itisinparticular not given byaclosed formexpression, andisthusdifficult to analyse. Therefore, itcanbeuseful toevaluate thecapacity incertain asymptotic regimes forwhichitreduces tosimpler terms. Thispaperisfocused ontheevaluation ofthecapacity whenthesignal tonoiseratio (SNR)converges to+co. Inthis context, itiswellestablished thatitisoptimum to transmit equal powerindependent symbols onthevarious transmit antennas. Thecapacity isthusreduced totheergodic mutual information Iofthechannel that wepropose tostudy inthehighSNRregime. Forthis, anobvious approach would betouseanexactexpression ofI,andthentoevaluate its limit whentheSNRgoesto+oo.However, this isadifficult
Variability of Plasma Methadone Concentration in Opiate Dependent Receiving Methadone: A Personalised Approach Towards Optimizing Dose (2012)

Toxicity and Drug Testing 130 1.2 Pharmacogenetic of methadone Methadone has variable pharmacology. It binds to the -opioid receptor, the NMDA ionotropic glutamate receptor to exert its effects. Its metabolism is mediated by several enzymes including CYP3A4, CYP2B6 and CYP2D6, enzymes that are polymorphic and hence exhibit great variability. It is mainly administered through the oral route and adverse effects include hypoventilation, constipation and miosis, in addition to tolerance, dependence and withdrawal difficulties. As a full -opioid agonist, methadone exhibits all the opiate-like effects. Furthermore, its binding to the glutamatergic NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptor. This makes it a receptor antagonist against glutamate which is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the CNS. NMDA receptors modulate long term excitation and memory formation. NMDA antagonists such as dextromethorphan (DXM), ketamine, tiletamine and ibogaine have been studied for their role in decreasing the development of tolerance to opioids and as possible for eliminating addiction /tolerance /withdrawal. Its action on the NMDA has been proposed as a mechanism by which methadone decreases craving for opioids Methadone is a lipophilic drug and requires biotransformation for elimination. It has a slow metabolism and is longer lasting than morphine-based drugs. Typically its elimination halflife ranges from 15 to 60 hours with a mean of around 22 hours. Due to the polymorphic nature of its metabolism, its metabolism rates vary greatly between individuals, up to a factor of 100. This variability is apparently due to genetic variability in the production of the associated enzymes CYP3A4, CYP2B6 and CYP2D6. Several studies have been conducted to explain the intra-as well as inter-individual variability in methadone's pharmacokinetic and clinical response. Typically, methadone is a substrate for several CYP450 enzymes as well as P-glycoprotein (PGP). Many Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) have been reported to contribute to its variability. Furthermore, as it binds to -receptors, SNPs in OPRM gene that encodes for these receptors may contribute to the clinical response in MMT patients. Thus, SNPs in OPRM gene, CYP gene and ABCB1 (MDR1) gene may contribute to determine the clinical outcomes of the MMT (Ltsch et al, 2009).
The application of a Gauss‐Eyring model to predict the behavior of thermoplastics in tensile experiments (1995)

Abstract The Gaussian expression for the isothermal tensile deformation of thermoplastics including the proposed strain hardening constant G p , has been combined with the Eyring flow equation to provide a new relation describing the rate of strain of a thermoplastic in terms of the true stress and the extension ratio under isothermal conditions. In conventional mechanical tests this model can be used to quantify the tendency to strain localization, to predict the natural draw ratio and the inversion point where the true engineering stress passes through a minimum. The latter is expected to correlate with the value of the extension ratio where crazes do not propagate under tension. The equation is most easily demonstrated in constant load experiments where they agree well with published work. However, for a more precise evaluation of the theory the constant G p should be measured separately and the calculated results compared with other tests on the same material. Where necking occurs it is possible to use a simplified plug flow model to calculate neck profiles. These show that no special assumptions are required to account for necking which results directly from the interaction of geometric thinning and strain hardening, even where true strain softening is absent. The procedure makes it possible to illustrate the way in which the form of the neck can be affected by the rate of extension or in a constant load experiment by the applied load. ©1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Pseudoventricular fibrillation (2001)

A case of atrial fibrillation with asystole was diagnosed as ventricular fibrillation because of the autogain feature of the electrocardiographic monitor. Direct current shock therapy was withheld only because the patient regained consciousness.
Recursive state estimation: Unknown but bounded errors and system inputs (1967)

A method is discussed for estimating the state of a linear dynamic system using noisy observations, when the input to the dynamic system and the observation errors are completely unknown except for bounds on their magnitude or energy. The state estimate is actually a set in state space rather than a single vector. The optimum estimate is the smallest calculable set which contains the unknown system state, but it is usually impractical to calculate this set. A recursive algorithm is developed which calculates a time-varying ellipsoid in state space that always contains the system's true state. Unfortunately the algorithm is still unproven in the sense that its performance has not yet been evaluated. The algorithm is closely related in structure but not in performance to the algorithm obtained when the system inputs and observation errors are white Gaussian processes. The algorithm development is motivated by the problem of tracking an evasive target, but the results have wider applications.
1 INTESTINAL RAT LACTASE mRNA LOCALIZATION DURING DEVELOPMENT (1992)

Büller, H. A.; van Beers, E. H.; Dekker, J.; Montgomery, R. K.; Grand, R. J. Author Information
Monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of multiple sclerosis: emergence of B‐cell‐targeted therapies (2017)

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the CNS, and one of the most common causes of disability in young adults. Over the last decade, new disease-modifying therapies have emerged, including monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that provide highly targeted therapies with greater efficacy than platform therapies. In particular, monoclonal antibodies directed against CD20-positive B cells have shown remarkable results in recent clinical trials and renewed interest in the mechanism of B cell-depleting therapies to ameliorate relapse activity and progression in MS. Here, we review the mechanisms of action and clinical evidence of approved and emerging mAbs, with a focus on B cell-targeted therapies.
Radiotherapy for lymph node metastases in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: Retrospective study (2006)

Although lymph node metastasis from HCC is sensitive to EBRT, the intent of EBRT should be limited to palliation. For palliative purposes, it is useful in treatment with 50 Gy in 25 fractions for these patients.
Notch Inhibits Osteoblast Differentiation and Causes Osteopenia (2008)

Notch receptors are determinants of cell fate decisions. To define the role of Notch in the adult skeleton, we created transgenic mice overexpressing the Notch intracellular domain (NICD) under the control of the type I collagen promoter. First-generation transgenics were small and osteopenic. Bone histomorphometry revealed that NICD caused a decrease in bone volume, secondary to a reduction in trabecular number; osteoblast and osteoclast number were decreased. Low fertility of founder mice and lethality of young pups did not allow the complete establishment of transgenic lines. To characterize the effect of Notch overexpression in vitro, NICD was induced in osteoblasts and stromal cells from Rosa(notch) mice, in which a STOP cassette flanked by lox(P) sites is upstream of NICD, by transduction with an adenoviral vector expressing Cre recombinase (Cre) under the control of the cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter (Ad-CMV-Cre). NICD impaired osteoblastogenesis and inhibited Wnt/beta-catenin signaling. To determine the effects of notch1 deletion in vivo, mice in which notch1 was flanked by lox(P) sequences (notch1(loxP/loxP)) were mated with mice expressing Cre recombinase under the control of the osteocalcin promoter. Conditional null notch1 mice had no obvious skeletal phenotype, possibly because of rescue by notch2; however, 1-month-old females exhibited a modest increase in osteoclast surface and eroded surface. Osteoblasts from notch1(loxP/loxP) mice, transduced with Ad-CMV-Cre and transfected with Notch2 small interfering RNA, displayed increased alkaline phosphatase activity. In conclusion, Notch signaling in osteoblasts causes osteopenia and impairs osteo-blastogenesis by inhibiting the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway.
General Log-Likelihood Ratio Expression and Its Implementation Algorithm for Gray-Coded QAM Signals (2006)

A simple and general bit log-likelihood ratio (LLR) expression is provided for Gray-coded rectangular quadrature amplitude modulation (R-QAM) signals. The characteristics of Gray code mapping such as symmetries and repeated formats of the bit assignment in a symbol among bit groups are applied effectively for the simplification of the LLR expression. In order to reduce the complexity of the max-log-MAP algorithm for LLR calculation, we replace the mathematical max or min function of the conventional LLR expression with simple arithmetic functions. In addition, we propose an implementation algorithm of this expression. Because the proposed expression is very simple and constructive with some parameters reflecting the characteristic of the Gray code mapping result, it can easily be implemented, providing an efficient symbol de-mapping structure for various wireless applications.
Serum Affinity Chromatography for the Detection of IgG Alloantibodies in a Patient with High-Titer IgM Cold Agglutinins (1998)

IgG alloantibodies in the presence of high-titer IgM CA can be easily and rapidly detected under routine conditions by quantitative IgG purification from serum or plasma by affinity chromatography.
The LLCCD: low-light imaging without the need for an intensifier (2001)

A new CCD sensor technology has been developed by Marconi Applied Technologies which effectively reduces read-out noise to less than one electron rms. A single low light level CCD can operate over a wide range of read-out rates from TV to slow-scan and give superior performance to that available from either intensified or slow-scan CCD sensors.
Sound Radiation from the Acoustic Boundary Layer (1956)

The sound radiated from a finite rectangular plate in an infinite wall oscillating in shear motion is calculated. The order of magnitude of the intensity of this sound field is compared with that which is produced when the plane oscillates with the name amplitude in a direction normal to its surface.
Casein kinase 2 phosphorylation of recombinant rat osteopontin enhances adhesion of osteoclasts but not osteoblasts (1998)

Osteopontin (OP) is a highly phosphorylated bone matrix protein and contains the RGD cell-binding motif, which mediates cell adhesion through integrin receptors that include alpha(v)beta3. Casein kinase 2 (CK2) is a factor-independent serine/threonine kinase, which may be the predominant physiologically relevant kinase for OP phosphorylation. This study was designed to examine the effects of unphosphorylated recombinant rat OP, and CK2-phosphorylated OP (P-OP), on the adhesion and function of mouse osteoclasts (OC) and osteoblast-like cells (UMR 201-10B and UMR 106-06) in vitro. OP significantly increased OC adhesion compared to plastic alone, and cell attachment was further increased at least twofold on OP phosphorylated with CK2. Attachment was dependent on the integrity of the RGD domain and was completely abolished in the presence of 1 mM RGD peptide. Neither CK2 phosphorylation of mutant OP, in which the RGD was converted to RGE or RAD, nor protein kinase C (PKC) phosphorylation of wild-type OP enhanced OC attachment. An antibody to the beta3 integrin subunit, but not anti-mouse CD44 antibody, specifically blocked the proportion of attachment due to phosphorylation of OP. Actin ring formation in OC was increased by plating cells onto OP, with no further increase by phosphorylation. Both OP and CK2-phosphorylated OP enhanced attachment of the two osteoblastic cell lines, compared to plastic, but in contrast to OCs, there was no significant difference with phosphorylation. Osteoblast attachment was totally blocked by 1 mM RGD peptide, but was not influenced by the beta3 integrin antibody. Plating of UMR 201-10B cells onto OP further increased retinoic acid-induced alkaline phosphatase expression. The results suggest that specific phosphorylation of OP is important for interaction with OCs, compared with osteoblastic cells, and that alternative integrins may be important in the interaction between osteoblastic cells and OP compared with OCs.
Repair of DNA damaged by UV light and ionizing radiation by cell-free extracts prepared from Schizosaccharomyces pombe. (1992)

A whole cell extract prepared from Schizosaccharomyces pombe was shown to be active in an assay for repair of plasmid DNA damaged by either ultraviolet (UV) light or gamma-radiation. The assay allows for analysis of repair synthesis at single-strand nicks generated by gamma-rays and analysis of the incision step and repair synthesis in UV-light-damaged DNA. Repair synthesis of DNA damaged by either UV light or gamma-rays was shown to depend on the presence of ATP in the reaction mixture. However, incision at pyrimidine dimers did not require the addition of exogenous ATP. These studies showed that plasmid DNA containing a single pyrimidine dimer or one single-strand nick is a suitable substrate in this assay system. S. pombe is a genetically well-defined eukaryotic organism and many radiation-sensitive mutant derivatives have already been described, making this a powerful system in which to study DNA excision repair.
MODELS AND APIs FOR AUDIO SYNTHESIS AND PROCESSING: A PANEL DISCUSSION (2007)

The topic of this panel is object models, programming languages, and application programmer’s interfaces for digital audio processing. The panel brings together de-velopers who share the experience of designing more than one model or language for DASP software, and who are willing to compare and contrast them in terms of their underlying assumptions, the design trade-offs they made in the process, and the rules of thumb that they have learned over their years of experience. Referring back to previous works on languages and environments for computer music, we ask the questions raised in the past: what factors contribute to the success of a computer music language or tool? How do we best apply the features of modern programming languages, development and delivery environment? What have we learned since the 1980s (or the 1960s for that matter) that influences model and language design for music? The panel will be structured a free-flowing discussion of the decisions and trade-offs in system design, rather than a show-and-tell of each of the participants systems, or long position papers. 1.
Free Radicals: A Bibliography. Volume 1. 1963-1964 (1968)

Abstract : This special publication lists 1672 references on free radicals found by the author as a result of a page to page scan of the 1963 to 1964 issues of the Physical and Analytical Chemistry Sections, and the Organic Chemistry Sections of Chemical Abstracts. This publication is divided into 10 sections: Synthesis, Reactions of Free Radicals, Reactions Through Free-Radical Mechanisms, Metal Ions and Free Radicals, Electron Spin Resonance, Spectroscopy, Photolysis, Radiolysis, Electric and Magnetic Phenomena, and General Considerations. The references are arranged alphabetically in each section according to first author. Each reference contains the author, title, and journal citation.
Generation of Monoclonal Antibodies against Plant Cell-Wall Polysaccharides (I. Characterization of a Monoclonal Antibody to a Terminal [alpha]-(1->2)-Linked Fucosyl-Containing Epitope (1994)

Monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) generated against rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) purified from suspension-cultured sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus) cells fall into three recognition groups. Four McAbs (group I) recognize an epitope that appears to be immunodominant and is present on RG-I from maize and sycamore maple, pectin and polygalacturonic acid from citrus, gum tragacanth, and membrane glycoproteins from suspension-cultured cells of maize, tobacco, parsley, bean, and sycamore maple. A second set of McAbs (group II) recognizes an epitope present in sycamore maple RG-I but does not bind to any of the other polysaccharides or glycoproteins recognized by group I. Lastly, one McAb, CCRC-M1 (group III), binds to RG-I and more strongly to xyloglucan (XG) from sycamore maple but not to maize RG-I, citrus polygalacturonic acid, or to the plant membrane glycoproteins recognized by group I. The epitope to which CCRC-M1 binds has been examined in detail. Ligand competition assays using a series of oligosaccharides derived from or related to sycamore maple XG demonstrated that a terminal alpha-(1-->2)-linked fucosyl residue constitutes an essential part of the epitope recognized by CCRC-M1. Oligosaccharides containing this structural motif compete with intact sycamore maple XG for binding to the antibody, whereas structurally related oligosaccharides, which do not contain terminal fucosyl residues or in which the terminal fucosyl residue is linked alpha-(1-->3) to the adjacent glycosyl residue, do not compete for the antibody binding site. The ligand binding assays also indicate that CCRC-M1 binds to a conformationally dependent structure of the polysaccharide. Other results of this study establish that some of the carbohydrate epitopes of the plant extracellular matrix are shared among different macromolecules.
EFFECT OF UVA ON IMMUNIZATION WITH EPICUTANEOUS ANTIGENS - A PILOT STUDY (1997)

Mowad, Christen M. M.D.; Leyden, James J. M.D.; Lavker, Robert M. Ph.D.; Elenitsas, Rosalie M.D. Author Information
EOG segmentation using Kaiman and hysteresis filters (1992)

This paper deals with two different methods for the automatic analysis of eye movements by derivative computation. On the first hand, we applied a Kalman filter to the derivative to exploit the error to recognize significative slopes. On the second hand, we try to isolate significative movements by using an hysteresis filter and and then by calculating the derivative.
Variability of Ventricular Premature Complexes and Mortality Risk (1996)

A method using a parameter from the field of nonlinear dynamics to quantify the variability of ventricular premature complexes (VPCs) is presented. One hundred patients with coronary artery disease and > or = 10 VPCs/hour were included in the study. The RR intervals were plotted in a three-dimensional artificial phase space, and the structures in phase space were quantified by the local scaling indices, alpha. In the frequency distribution histogram, n(alpha), for each patient, the maximum of the ventricular ectopies alpha VPC, adjusted to the VPC frequency, was assessed; alpha VPC was used as the risk indicator. Endpoints were total mortality and sudden cardiac death. During follow-up (mean 3.1 years), 28 out of 100 patients died, 16 suddenly; alpha VPC had a significant prognostic impact and was independent from other risk indicators, such as left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Patients who died during follow-up were characterized by a high alpha VPC. The optimal discrimination of high risk patients and low risk patients occurred at alpha VPC = 3.0. After 4 years, the survival rate of patients with a alpha VPC > 3.0 was 59%, in contrast to 97% in patients with alpha VPC < or = 0.3. As to the sudden death mortality, the survival rates were 74% and 97%, respectively. The difference between the groups were significant for both endpoints. Patients with an increased VPC variability (i.e., alpha VPC > 3.0) were at enhanced risk of sudden death and total mortality risk; alpha VPC was independent from other risk indicators such as the LVEF or heart rate variability parameters.
Corrected Identity of Isolates of <i>Helicobacter Pylori</i> Reference Strain NCTC11637 (1997)

Two unrelated versions of the reference (type) H. pylori strain NCTC11637 are in general circulation and are distinguished easily by DNA fingerprinting. One matches another reference strain, NCTC11638, whereas the other is distinct from it, as expected of independent clinical isolates. Knowing which "NCTC11637" reference strain one has could be important, especially because H. pylori strains probably are diverse in phenotypic traits that are important for colonization or disease.
Designing production systems for quality: Research opportunities from an automotive industry perspective (2003)

We explore the intersection of two research areas: quality and production system design. Conventional wisdom holds that a product's quality is affected much more by its design than its production. Nevertheless, we argue that the production system used to manufacture a product does indeed affect its quality. We briefly review the limited literature on the intersection of quality and production system design and suggest several new research issues that are important to industry.
Instabilities of a Liquid Conductor (1962)

Observations of pinch and spiral instabilities of a liquid conductor falling in an axial magnetic field are reported. Measured rates of change of the stream diameter and the spiral radius are given, and a stream ``bifurcation'' phenomenon that was induced by spiral instability is described.