gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Unusual Aα16Arg→Cys dysfibrinogenaemic family: (1993)

We describe studies of fibrinogen from an asymptomatic family, Fibrinogen Frankfurt XIII, with the substitution A alpha 16Arg-->Cys. The mother's fibrinogen was normal as assessed by plasma fibrinogen assays but the father and four children were affected. Two affected siblings and their father had thrombin times approximately 20 s longer than controls, fibrinogen of 35-52 mg/dl by clotting assay and normal levels by immunoassay. Measured by HPLC their fibrinogen had decreased amounts of releasable fibrinopeptide A (FpA) relative to normal controls. In addition, their fibrinogen was partly coagulable with batroxobin and fully coagulable with thrombin; consistent with its incomplete FpA release. In contrast, plasma from the other two siblings had thrombin times > 2 min longer than controls, and their fibrinogen was < 10 mg/dl by clotting assay and normal by immunoassay. Their isolated fibrinogen did not release FpA (n = 5) and formed thrombin clots only at cold temperatures indicating formation of desBB fibrin. Assessed by SDS-PAGE, only monomeric fibrinogen was seen in isolated fibrinogen, washed and unreduced plasma immunoprecipitates, non-crosslinked plasma clots or 56 degrees C precipitates. DNA sequencing of PCR products using oligonucleotide primers which flanked sequences coding for A alpha 7Asp to 35Phe, disclosed mutant (C-->T, coding for A alpha 16Cys) and wild type alleles present in both severely affected siblings. It is concluded that circulating fibrinogen contained only mutant FpA. A possible second mutation, not apparent from plasma assays on the mother, is believed to account for the absence of releasable normal FpA in circulating fibrinogen.
Serumspiegelorientierte Dosierung der einmal täglichen Aminoglykosidtherapie beim kritisch Kranken: Ergebnisse einer prospektiven Untersuchung (1999)

Target peak and trough aminoglycoside levels are adjustable even in critically ill patients. Reduced tobramycin clearance can be associated with normal creatinine clearance. Assuming an exact methodology, a reduced "direct" creatinine clearance, however, indicates a reduced drug clearance.
Microstrip Dipole Antennas On Electrically Thick Substrates (1985)

Printed circuit antennas are attractive radiation sources both at microwave and millimeter wave frequencies. However, for millimeter wave applications where the substrate is likely to be electrically thick, it is important to understand the basic effects of a thick substrate on radiation characteristics. In particular, it is concluded here that dipole radiation properties become sensitive to loss as the substrate becomes thick. Furthermore, the efficiency of dipoles on thick substrates tends to be low, especially as the dielectric constant of the substrate increases. A method of improving both the efficiency and gain can be used for thick substrates however, which uses a superstrate layer on top of the antenna.
Study of strain balance in long wavelength infrared InAs/GaSb superlattice materials (2010)

The epitaxial growth parameters optimized for mid wavelength infrared (MWIR) InAs/GaSb superlattice (SL) growth are not necessarily the best parameters for very long wavelength infrared (VLWIR) SL growth. While the cutoff wavelength of the SL structure can be easily extended from a MWIR to a VLWIR spectral range by increasing InAs layer thickness with a fixed GaSb layer thickness, the structural and optical properties of SLs are changing as well, and these changes are not necessarily beneficial to the material quality of VLWIR SLs. For instance, tensile strain in the SL rapidly increases as InAs layer thickness increases. This impacts the interface growth processes used to strain balance the average lattice constant of the SL to match the GaSb substrate, the interface engineering in a VLWIR SL is very different than that in a MWIR SL. Using a baseline SL design of 16 monolayers (MLs) InAs/7 MLs GaSb, a systematic study of controlling the Sb/As background pressure and shutter sequence during interface formation was performed in order to minimize tensile strain in the VLWIR SLs. The effect of various shutter sequences on the SL morphological quality and their impact on optical spectral response is reported. By inserting 0.5 MLs of InSb-like interfaces, using a migration-enhance-epitaxy technique, in the baseline SL design, while maintaining a total SL period of 23 MLs, we achieved a high structural quality, strain balanced LWIR SL with a photoresponse onset at 15 μm.
Bioinformatics and Medicine in the Era of Deep Learning (2018)

Many of the current scientific advances in the life sciences have their origin in the intensive use of data for knowledge discovery. In no area this is so clear as in bioinformatics, led by technological breakthroughs in data acquisition technologies. It has been argued that bioinformatics could quickly become the field of research generating the largest data repositories, beating other data-intensive areas such as high-energy physics or astroinformatics. Over the last decade, deep learning has become a disruptive advance in machine learning, giving new live to the long-standing connectionist paradigm in artificial intelligence. Deep learning methods are ideally suited to large-scale data and, therefore, they should be ideally suited to knowledge discovery in bioinformatics and biomedicine at large. In this brief paper, we review key aspects of the application of deep learning in bioinformatics and medicine, drawing from the themes covered by the contributions to an ESANN 2018 special session devoted to this topic.
Short-step Synthesis of a Chiral 3-(1-Hydroxyethyl)-4-cyanoazetidin-2-one Derivative (1986)

A 3-hydroxyethyl-4-cyanoazetidin-2-one derivative (2) was synthesized from (2R,3R)-potassium 2,3-epoxybutyrate through two steps, and it was then further converted to a diazo derivative (7).
<title>Design and preliminary results of APVD: a fast low-noise low-power rad-hard CMOS mixed circuit for the CMS silicon tracker at LHC</title> (1998)

The silicon microstrips tracker for CMS at LHC demands fast, radiation-hard electronics. An original solution was proposed for the processing of signals from silicon detectors. This technique allows precise reconstruction of the arrival time of the particles, even with a 'slow' shaping time and a limited power budget. This idea was already implemented in the APV6 circuit, designed in a bulk CMOS technology from Harris.In this paper, we present the version (APVD) designed in the CMOS SOI radiation hard technology DMILL by a French-British collaboration. The APVD is a 128-channel mixed analogue-digital: each channel includes a low-noise charge preamplifier, a CR-RC shaper with a peaking time of 50 ns, an analogue pipeline where the signal is sampled at 40 MHz, an analogue pulse shape processor and a current output multiplexer. The circuit integrates an 12C interface for easy control of the operating parameters. All the control current and voltages as well as a calibration pulse are generated internally by dedicated blocks. The design and first experimental results from the first version of the 128-channel APVD, will be presented in this paper. They show the circuit is fully functional and can be used for the CMS experiment.
Process evaluation and exploration of telehealth in motor neuron disease in a UK specialist centre (2019)

ISRCTN26675465.
Shape from Focus Applied to Real- Time Terahertz Imaging (2018)

Thanks to significant advances in real-time terahertz imaging in term of resolution and image quality, the possibilities for 3D reconstruction are numerous. The Shape from Focus (SFF) algorithm is a post-processing tool used in optical microscopy to obtain the 3D object shape surface. We propose to apply this algorithm in active and real-time terahertz imaging. Thus, we report the investigation led on such an algorithm to manage 3D terahertz object reconstruction.
Impact of EV Charging on Power System with High Penetration of EVs: Simulation and Quantitative Analysis Based on Real World Usage Data (2020)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">The adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) has been announced worldwide with the aim of reducing CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. However, a significant increase in electricity demand by EVs might impact the stable operation of the existing power grid. Meanwhile, EV charging is acceptable to most users if it is completed by the time of the next driving event. From the viewpoint of power grid operators, flexibility for shifting the timing of EV charging would be advantageous, including making effective use of renewable energy.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">In this work, an EV model and simulation tool were developed to make clear how the total charging demand of all EVs in use will be influenced by future EV specifications (e.g., charge power) and installation of charging infrastructure. Among the most influential factors, EV charging behavior according to use cases and regional characteristics were statistically analyzed based on the real-world usage data of over 14, 000 EVs and incorporated in the simulation tool. Using the resultant statistical model, the Monte Carlo method was applied to conduct a parameter simulation study of continuous EV usage. The impact of EV charging demand on the power grid in a future scenario and also the benefit of controlling EV charging were evaluated quantitatively in the study. Important findings indicated that active smart charging will be necessary rather than passive control based on time-of-use tariffs.</div></div>
Frühe dynamische PET/CT-Aufnahmen zur Diagnostik der chronischen Osteomyelitis nach Fraktur der unteren Extremität (2014)

Aim: The study investigates whether early dynamic PET/CT (edPET/CT) using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) discriminates between affected versus non-affected sites in patients with complicated, protracted fracture healing and suspected COM in the lower extremities. Patients, methods: In nine consecutive patients (1 woman, 8 men; age 54 ± 13 years), before standard late FDG-PET/CT, altogether 10 edFDG-PET/CT examinations were performed in list mode over 5 min starting with radiopharmaceutical injection. Eight consecutive time intervals (frames), four 15-s, then four 60-s, were reconstructed. For every patient, several volumes-of-interest were selected. To measure early FDG influx and accumulation, maximum and mean ed standardized uptake values (respectively, edSUVmax, edSUVmean) were calculated in each volume-of-interest during each frame. Results were compared between affected and non-affected (contralateral) bone. Results:Starting in the 31-45s frame, the affected bone area showed significantly higher edSUVmax and edSUVmean than did the healthy contralateral region. In conventional PET/CT, affected bone areas also significantly differed from non-affected contralateral regions. Conclusion: This pilot study suggests that edFDG-PET may offer a less time consuming add on to standard FDG-PET/CT while being equally accurate. The results should be validated prospectively in larger trials.
START: an application builder for industrial robotics (2002)

The repair of nuclear power plants often necessitates the development of special robots which should be operational readily. This requires a software architecture which quickly permits the design of a controller for an entire telerobotic system in a minimum period of time. We have developed such a software architecture to facilitate the design of applications dealing with nonstandard robot systems and complex industrial processes. In this paper we describe the requirements for this architecture and how we address them.
Analytical expressions for the hydrodynamic excitation spectrum of Bose-Einstein condensates in axially anisotropic traps (2002)

By using decoupling and dimension reduction technologies in equations determing the eigenvalue, we solve analytically the coupled hydrodynamic equation for the eigenvalues of collective excitations and obtain analytical expressions for all modes of a Bose-Einstein condensate in anisotropic axially symmetric harmonic traps in the Thomas-Fermi limit.
Human Proopiomelanocortin-(79–96), a Proposed Androgen Stimulatory Hormone, Does not Affect Steroidogenesis in Cultured Human Fetal Adrenal Cells* (1991)

Whether the production of human adrenal androgens is stimulated by a hormone other than ACTH or angiotensin-II has long been controversial. A candidate for such a cortical androgen stimulatory hormone (CASH) is the proximal 18-amino acid hinge region of proopiomelanocortin (POMC). This region of POMC lies to the amino-terminal side of the ACTH region, displays considerable amino acid sequence variation among mammals, and has been reported to stimulate the secretion of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) from cultured adult adrenal cells. We cultured human fetal adrenal cells with 10(-8) M CASH-18, 10(-13) M ACTH, 10(-8) M CASH-18 plus 10(-13) M ACTH, 10(-8) M ACTH, or vehicle alone. Culture media were assayed for cortisol, DHEA, and DHEA sulfate, and cellular RNA was assayed for P450scc and P450c17 mRNAs. ACTH (10(-8 M) increased steroid secretion and the mRNAs for P450scc and P450c17, but the other treatments were indistinguishable from the control. Thus, CASH-18 does not affect steroidogenesis in primary cultures of human fetal adrenal cells. These data could be consistent with a model in which adrenarche, the onset of adrenal androgen synthesis at 8-10 yr of age, is mediated by developmentally programmed synthesis of a receptor for CASH. Alternatively, they are also consistent with this region of POMC having no CASH activity.
Use of metallic and dielectric films for hollow fibers (1987)

Abstract The problem of transmission of CO2 laser radiation through hollow fibers and waveguides was studied theoretically and confirmed experimentally. The transmission of the laser radiation through metal and metal-dielectric tubes was measured and compared with the theoretical data based on a ray model solution. This makes possible the investigation of the transmission of the CO2 radiation through waveguides when the internal wall is covered with a metal or a metal- dielectric film. It was shown theoretically and proved experimentally that the transmission of the CO2 radiation is possible even through bent waveguides.
The Framework and Implementation of Indian Environmental Policy (2012)

The spirit of environmental protection and improvement, embedded in the Indian Constitution has proved to be an important guideline while formulating policies, laws, and regulations during the past 25 years. The Indian Constitution underscores the significance of the state and citizen's efforts in protection and improvement of the natural environment (see Box 3.1 for further details). India has witnessed a great deal of environmental awakening, environmental debate and polarization, environmental jurisprudence, and emergence of environmental regulations. In view of the provisions articulated in the Constitution, the Union of India has been conscientiously making efforts in further introducing new legislation and rules to protect our natural heritage and endowments. This has resulted in evolution of new broad based laws, which can have far-reaching consequences in the direction of sustainability. Lately, the Gol has been making our regulatory standards more stringent and regulatory protocols more comprehensive.
The hypothesis of localized chemiosmosis is unsatisfactory (1981)

The hypothesis of 'localized' chemiosmosis have been put to an experimental test in the system of oxidative phosphorylation by rat liver mitochondria. We find that the variation of the ratio of phosphate potential to delta muH with delta muH does not depend on how delta muH is varied. This is in conflict with hypotheses of localized chemiosmosis. Of all coupling hypotheses, only the parallel-coupling hypothesis can explain the observations, unless variation of the H+/ATP stoichiometry of the ATPase proton pump is accepted. In the latter case. 'macroscopic' chemiosmosis can explain the observations equally well as hypotheses of localized chemiosmosis. It is concluded that either variation of H+/ATP stoichiometries must be accepted, or that the parallel-coupling hypothesis should be reformulated so that it becomes open to experimental tests.
Fluorescence in situ hybridization evaluation of c-myc and androgen receptor gene amplification and chromosomal anomalies in prostate cancer in Japanese patients (2000)

Our results suggest that c-myc and AR gene amplification and gain of chromosome 8 or X may be associated with the development and progression of prostate cancers. These results obtained in Japanese cases are consistent with the results observed in prostate cancer in Western countries.
Chemoselective Protection of Solid-Phase Compatible Fmoc-Phosphinic Building Blocks (2006)

An efficient four-step synthetic strategy able to fully discriminate hydroxyphosphinyl and carboxylic groups of Fmoc-phosphinic building blocks and related analogues has been developed. The proposed method applies selective acidic removal of the phenacyl (Pac) group from the hydroxyphosphinyl functionality and protection by the 1-adamantyl (Ad) group. Reductive removal of the Pac group from the carboxylic functionality leads to Fmoc-protected phosphinic pseudodipeptidic units suitable for phosphinic peptide and library development using solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS).
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Asymmetric Synthesis of γ‐Alkylated Lactones via Successive Alkylation and Reduction of Chiral Cyclic Imides with C2‐ Symmetry. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Immunoradiometric assay for the N-terminal fragment of proatrial natriuretic peptide in human plasma. (1998)

Recently, the N-terminal fragment of proatrial natriuretic peptide (N-terminal proANP) has been proposed as a marker of chronic congestive heart failure. In this study, we established a two-step immunoradiometric assay using monoclonal antibodies and synthetic N-terminal proANP (1-67) as a standard. It allows us to measure plasma N-terminal proANP in only 4 h without prior extraction. The detection limit of this assay was 15 pmol/L for a 100 microL sample of plasma. Within-run CVs ranged from 1.7% to 2.9% and between-run CVs ranged from 4.2% to 5.1%. The dilution curves of plasma samples showed good linearity and analytical recovery was 89-104%. The mean (+/-SD) N-terminal proANP in plasma of 33 healthy subjects was 188 (+/-71) pmol/L and 1030 (+/-411) pmol/L in 25 patients with heart failure. Our immunoradiometric assay is rapid and precise enough for routine determination of N-terminal proANP in human plasma.
The switching dynamics and noise limitations of indium antimonide bistable elements (1988)

The switching dynamics of an InSb optically bistable etalon are analyzed in terms of effective time constants which change dramatically near the switch points. Results are presented which show nanosecond switching, critical slowing down, optical biomodality, and noise filtration. The influence of noise levels on both the switching dynamics and the system stability close to switching are discussed. The InSb-CO system has the merits of being extremely stable and reproducible so that the detailed switching dynamics and statistics can be reliably assessed. In addition, it may be regarded as a model system so that the results presented can be scaled with appropriate material time constants to other bistable systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Slow-Light in Semiconductor Materials (2004)

We experimentally demonstrate slow-light in semiconductor quantum well structures. A group velocity as small as 9600 m/s is inferred from the measured dispersive characteristics via Mach-Zehnder interferometry.
Three-Dimensional Organization of Microtubules in Tumor Cells Studied by Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy and Computer-Assisted Deconvolution and Image Reconstruction (2000)

Confocal microscopy, image deconvolution and computer-assisted methods have been used to reconstruct the three-dimensional (3-D) distribution of tubulin in cells. The techniques were applied to tumor cells growing under regular culture conditions (planar cultivation) and those penetrating into reconstituted collagen matrices (spatial cultivation). As expected the application of deconvolution algorithms enhanced the resolution of results. The deconvolution using the maximum likelihood estimation included the measurement of the point spread function of the optical setup. The data visualization of the resulting data sets uses volume as well as surface rendering approaches. The 3-D reconstruction gives a clear image of the spatial arrangement of tubulin fibers in relation to cell shape and position of other cellular organelles, particularly the nucleus. The tubulin forms an intricate network of fibers of variable thickness. The highest tubulin concentrations appear in the cell periphery and particularly in pseudopodia/invadopodia. This is indicative of an enhanced transport of intracellular material facilitating cell movement and lysis of the extracellular matrix. The investigation is assumed to stimulate further experiments using a variety of techniques leading to the complete understanding of the spatial architecture of living cells.
Risk factors for HCV infection among blood donors confirmed to be positive for the presence of HCV RNA and not reactive for the presence of anti‐HCV (2004)

A likely risk, primarily IDU, was found for 43 percent of HCV+ donors whose infections were identified solely by NAT. Because the maximum efficiency of the donor history questions may have been reached, NAT will continue to be an important measure to interdict recently infected blood donors.
Enhanced Resolution of Hyperoxic Acute Lung Injury as a result of Aspirin Triggered Resolvin D1 Treatment (2015)

Acute lung injury (ALI), which presents as acute respiratory failure, is a major clinical problem that requires aggressive care, and patients who require prolonged oxygen exposure are at risk of developing this disease. Although molecular determinants of ALI have been reported, the molecules involved in disease catabasis associated with oxygen toxicity have not been well studied. It has been reported that lung mucosa is rich in omega-3 fatty acid dicosahexanoic acid (DHA), which has antiinflammatory properties. Aspirin-triggered resolvin D1 (AT-RvD1) is a potent proresolution metabolite of DHA that can curb the inflammatory effects in various acute injuries, yet the effect of AT-RvD1 on hyperoxic acute lung injury (HALI) or in the oxygen toxicity setting in general has not been investigated. The effects of AT-RvD1 on HALI were determined for the first time in 8- to 10-week-old C57BL/6 mice that were exposed to hyperoxia (≥95% O2) for 48 hours. Mice were given AT-RvD1 (100 ng) in saline or a saline vehicle for 24 hours in normoxic (≈21% O2) conditions after hyperoxia. Lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were collected for analysis associated with proinflammatory signaling and lung inflammation. AT-RvD1 treatment resulted in reduced oxidative stress, increased glutathione production, and significantly decreased tissue inflammation. AT-RvD1 treatment also significantly reduced the lung wet/dry ratio, protein in BAL fluid, and decreased apoptotic and NF-κB signaling. These results show that AT-RvD1 curbs oxygen-induced lung edema, permeability, inflammation, and apoptosis and is thus an effective therapy for prolonged hyperoxia exposure in this murine model.