gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ECG-based clinical indexes during exercise test including repolarization, depolarization and HRV (2002)

In this work, we compared ECG clinical ischemia indexes from ventricular depolarization, repolarization and heart rate variability (HRV) measurements during exercise tests. ST segment deviations, ST/heart-rate hysteresis, Q-, Rand S-wave amplitudes, QRS duration and HRV indexes were automatically measured. Coronary angiography was used as the gold standard to include patients in the ischemic group. Multivariate discriminant analysis was applied to classify the patients. Results based on classical ST indexes correctly classified 58% of patients. When depolarization, repolarization and HRV indexes were jointly considered, the exactness improved to 91% (sensitivity=94%, specificity=89%). These results are close to those obtained by exercise echocardiography or exercise nuclear imaging.
Susceptibility of adult trees of the endangered species<i>Pinus armandii</i>var.<i>amamiana</i>to pine wilt disease in the field (2005)

Adult trees of Pinus armandii var. amamiana (PAAm) and P. thunbergii grown in the field were inoculated with 100000 or 1000 of the nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus to evaluate their susceptibility to pine wilt disease. PAAm trees inoculated with 100000 nematodes started to show disease symptoms 2 weeks after inoculation, and all died within 29 weeks. Although the PAAm trees inoculated with 1000 nematodes tended to show delayed disease symptoms compared with those inoculated with 100000 nematodes, all of them died within 33 weeks after inoculation. All P. thunbergii trees inoculated with 1000 nematodes had died 6 weeks after inoculation. In the nematode-inoculated PAAm trees, death of branches distal to the nematode inoculation site was the first visible symptom, followed by the systemic discoloration of needles, whereas the whole tree wilted simultaneously in P. thunbergii trees. In nematode-inoculated PAAm trees, the period from inoculation to death was longer than that in P. thunbergii. These results suggest that adult PAAm trees are susceptible to pine wilt disease, but are less vulnerable than P. thunbergii.
Taxonomy of Plant-Pathogenic Coryneform Bacteria (1986)

Beneficial microbes in the microbiome of plant roots improve plant health. Induced systemic resistance (ISR) emerged as an important mechanism by which selected plant growth–promoting bacteria and fungi in the rhizosphere prime the whole plant body for ...Read More
A Single-Layer Frequency Selective Surface With Dual Wideband Band-Stop Response (2020)

In this letter, we present a single-layer dual wideband band-stop frequency selective surface with stopbands arising from tightly coupled resonant multipole elements. The surface geometry consists of interdigitated double hexapoles with intermediate tripoles which enable both bands to exhibit wide bandwidths simultaneously. The fields are confined to independent resonance paths, providing a dual-band geometry that can be easily modified to change a resonance frequency by adjusting the corresponding arm length. Prototypes are fabricated using paper and polymer substrates and their transmission spectra are measured in an anechoic chamber. Feature sizes are limited to 0.5 mm for high repeatability using commercial screen printing processes. Measurements show that the polyethylene prototype provides 20 dB signal attenuation over a 540 MHz band at 2.14 GHz and a 500 MHz band at 5.13 GHz.
Bone morphogenetic proteins induce pancreatic cancer cell invasiveness through a Smad1-dependent mechanism that involves matrix metalloproteinase-2 (2008)

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have an emerging role in human cancers. Here we demonstrate that the BMP-signaling pathway is intact and functional in human pancreatic cancer cells, with several BMP signaling components and transcriptional targets upregulated in human pancreatic cancer specimens compared with normal pancreatic tissue. Functionally, multiple BMP family members, including BMP-2, BMP-4 and BMP-7, induce an epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in the human pancreatic cancer cell line Panc-1, as demonstrated by morphological alterations and loss of E-cadherin expression. BMP-mediated EMT results in an increase in invasiveness of Panc-1 cells, in part through increased expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, a known mediator of pancreatic cancer cell invasiveness. Accompanying EMT, BMP reduces expression of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta superfamily receptor, transforming growth factor-beta type III receptor (TbetaRIII), for which we have previously demonstrated loss of expression during pancreatic cancer progression. Maintaining TbetaRIII expression inhibits BMP-mediated invasion and suppresses Smad1 activation. Further, Smad1 is required for BMP-induced invasiveness and partially responsible for BMP-mediated increases in MMP-2 activity. These data suggest that BMP signaling, through Smad1 induction and upregulation of MMP-2, is an important mediator of pancreatic cancer invasiveness and a potential therapeutic target for treating this deadly disease.
An unsupervised meta-graph clustering based prototype-specific feature quantification for human re-identification in video surveillance (2017)

Human re-identification is an emerging research area in the field of visual surveillance. It refers to the task of associating the images of the persons captured by one camera (probe set) with the images captured by another camera (gallery set) at different locations in different time instances. The performance of these systems are often challenged by some factors—variation in articulated human pose and clothing, frequent occlusion with various objects, change in light illumination, and the cluttered background are to name a few. Besides, the ambiguity in recognition increases between individuals with similar appearance. In this paper, we present a novel framework for human re-identification that finds the correspondence image pair across non-overlapping camera views in the presence of the above challenging scenarios. The proposed framework handles the visual ambiguity having similar appearance by first segmenting the gallery instances into disjoint prototypes (groups), where each prototype represents the images with high commonality. Then, a weighing scheme is formulated that quantifies the selective and distinct information about the features concerning the level of contribution against each prototype. Finally, the prototype specific weights are utilized in the similarity measure and fused with the existing generic weighing to facilitates improvement in the re-identification. Exhaustive simulation on three benchmark datasets alongside the CMC (Cumulative Matching Characteristics) plot enumerate the efficacy of our proposed framework over the counterparts.
Degradation of indulin, a kraft pine lignin, by<i>Serratia marcescens</i> (2007)

Serratia marcescens isolated from decaying coconut pith exhibited high lignolytic activity. Growth on indicator medium, analysis of residual indulin, and infra-red spectroscopic analysis indicated the lignolytic potential of the isolate. Ortho-Coumaric acid, ferulic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy cinnamic acid and protocatechuic acid were identified as intermediates involved in indulin degradation by S. marcescens. Qualitative confirmation and quantitative estimation of the intermediates were carried out by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC).
The new strategy (1991)

The US Department of Energy's (DOE's) Office of Environmental Restoration and Waste Management (OERWM) office has been established to consolidate department-wide responsibilities, give the national environmental restoration program credibility, and focus the attention of top-level management. Its mission is to manage all waste operations and environmental restoration activities to achieve full compliance with applicable laws, regulations, and agreements aimed at protecting human health and the environment (cleanup the legacy); to make compliance with the letter and spirit of environmental laws, regulations, and requirements an integral function of DOE facilities (environmental stewardship); and to reduce significantly the generation of new waste (prevent new problems). As responsible managers for the taxpayer, OERWM is challenged to accomplish this mission faster, better, cheaper, and safer, while achieving and maintaining regulatory compliance and public confidence.
Modifications of the Hunsdiecker Reaction<sup>1a</sup> (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTModifications of the Hunsdiecker Reaction1aJohn A. Davis, James Herynk, Sam Carroll, Jim Bunds, and Douglas JohnsonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1965, 30, 2, 415–417Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01013a026https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01013a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views537Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A New Power Steering Pump for Heavy Duty Trucks (1970)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper discusses the development of a new hydraulic pump for use in heavy duty truck power steering systems. It is hydraulically balanced in terms of shaft bearing loads and end plate deflection forces. It is capable of operation up to 2000 psi and 10 gpm output. It also includes a relief valve bypass to reservoir feature which makes it more tolerant of sustained relief valve operation. The design is easily adaptable to various mounting and reservoir configurations. In addition, the paper describes some of the tests which were used to evaluate the new design.</div>
Interdependence of Activation at <i>rhaSR</i> by Cyclic AMP Receptor Protein, the RNA Polymerase Alpha Subunit C-Terminal Domain, and RhaR (2000)

The Escherichia coli rhaSR operon encodes two AraC family transcription activators, RhaS and RhaR, and is activated by RhaR in the presence of L-rhamnose. beta-Galactosidase assays of various rhaS-lacZ promoter fusions combined with mobility shift assays indicated that a cyclic AMP receptor protein (CRP) site located at -111.5 is also required for full activation of rhaSR expression. To address the mechanisms of activation by CRP and the RNA polymerase alpha-subunit C-terminal domain (alpha-CTD) at rhaSR, we tested the effects of alanine substitutions in CRP activating regions 1 and 2, overexpression of a truncated version of alpha (alpha-Delta235), and alanine substitutions throughout alpha-CTD. We found that DNA-contacting residues in alpha-CTD are required for full activation, and for simplicity, we discuss alpha-CTD as a third activator of rhaSR. CRP and RhaR could each partially activate transcription in the absence of the other two activators, and alpha-CTD was not capable of activation alone. In the case of CRP, this suggests that this activation involves neither an alpha-CTD interaction nor cooperative binding with RhaR, while in the case of RhaR, this suggests the likelihood of direct interactions with core RNA polymerase. We also found that CRP, RhaR, and alpha-CTD each have synergistic effects on activation by the others, suggesting direct or indirect interactions among all three. We have some evidence that the alpha-CTD-CRP and alpha-CTD-RhaR interactions might be direct. The magnitude of the synergistic effects was usually greater with just two activators than with all three, suggesting possible redundancies in the mechanisms of activation by CRP, alpha-CTD, and RhaR.
National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey: 2003 emergency department summary (2005)

Objectives—This report describes ambulatory care visits to hospital emergency departments (EDs) in the United States. Statistics are presented on selected hospital, patient, and visit characteristics. Selected trends in ED utilization from 1993 to 2003 are also presented. Methods—The data presented in this report were collected in the 2003 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS). NHAMCS is part of the ambulatory care component of the National Health Care Survey that measures health care utilization across various types of providers. NHAMCS is a national probability sample survey of visits to emergency and outpatient departments of non-Federal, short-stay, and general hospitals in the United States. Sample data are weighted to produce annual national estimates. Results—During 2003, an estimated 113.9 million visits were made to hospital EDs, about 38.9 visits per 100 persons. From 1993 to 2003, increasing trends in ED utilization rates were observed for people ages 22–49 years, 50–64 years, and 65 years and over. Over 16 million patients arrived by ambulance (14.2 percent). At approximately 3 percent of visits, the patient had been seen in the ED within the past 72 hours. In 2003, abdominal pain, chest pain, fever, and cough were the leading patient complaints, accounting for nearly one-fifth of all visits. Acute upper respiratory infection was the leading illness-related diagnosis at ED visits. There were an estimated 40.2 million injury-related visits during 2003, or 14.1 visits per 100 persons. Diagnostic and screening services, procedures, and medications were provided at 89.7 percent, 45.4 percent, and 77.3 percent of visits, respectively. In 2003, approximately 14 percent of ED visits resulted in hospital admission. On average, patients spent 3.2 hours in the ED, of which 46.5 minutes were spent waiting to see a physician.
Trace mineral metabolism in the avian embryo (1997)

Trace mineral metabolism in the developing avian embryo begins with the formation of the egg and the trace mineral stores contained within it. Vitellogenin, the yolk precursor protein, serves as a trace mineral transporting protein that mediates the transfer of these essential nutrients from stores within the liver of the hen to the ovary and developing oocyte, and hence, to the yolk of the egg. Lipovitellin and phosvitin, derived from intraoocytic proteolytic processing of vitellogenin, are also trace mineral binding proteins that form important storage sites within the granule subfraction of yolk. The mobilization and uptake of egg trace mineral stores is mediated by the extra-embryonic membranes, principally the yolk sac membrane. The yolk sac also serves as a short-term storage site for trace minerals. Because it is an important site of plasma protein synthesis, the yolk sac has the ability to regulate the export of trace minerals to the embryo during development. Within the embryo, specific metaloproteins function in the interorgan transport cellular uptake, and intracellular storage of trace minerals. Thus, embryonic trace mineral homeostasis is established through the coordinated actions of the yolk sac, which mobilizes and exports trace minerals derived from egg stores; the vitelline circulation, which transports them to the embryo; and the liver, which accumulates trace minerals and distributes them to the rest of the tissues of the embryo via the embryonic circulation.
The use and significance of pesticides in the environment (1979)

Introduction. The Pesticides Dilemma. The Role and Use of Pesticides in Health. The Role and Use of Pesticides in Agriculture. The Role and Use of Pesticides in the Forest and on Rights-of-Way. The Role of Pesticides for the Homeowner. Testing Procedures in Pesticide Development. Fungicides and Their Uses. Herbicides and Their Uses. Insecticides and Their Uses. Rodenticides and Their Uses. Piscicides and Their Uses. Avicides and Their Uses. Pesticides in Soil. Pesticides in Water. Pesticides in Air. Pesticides in Food. Pesticides and Birds. Pesticides and Mammals. Pesticides in the Biosphere. Pesticide Legislation. Epilogue. References. Index.
THE SYNTHESIS OF 4-PHENOXYCATECHOL AND 2-PHENOXYHYDROQUINONE<sup>1</sup> (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE SYNTHESIS OF 4-PHENOXYCATECHOL AND 2-PHENOXYHYDROQUINONE1D. E. JANSSEN, J. VanALLAN, and C. V. WILSONCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1955, 20, 10, 1326–1329Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01127a005https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01127a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views208Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Codes: The Guide to Secrecy From Ancient to Modern Times (2005)

Preface FROM THE RIDDLES OF ANCIENT EGYPT TO CRYPTOGRAPHY IN THE RENAISSANCE-3,500 YEARS IN THE MAKING Antiquity-From Phaistos Cryptography in Classical Literature The Middle Ages Cryptology and the Arabs Rise of the West FROM SIXTEENTH-CENTURY CRYPTOGRAPHY TO THE NEW MILLENNIUM-THE LAST 500 YEARS Three Post-Renaissance Centuries The American Colonies Nineteenth-Century Cryptography Two World Wars The Post War Era and the Future SYMMETRIC-KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY Block Ciphers and DES S-DES and DES Modes of Operation Blowfish The Advanced Encryption Standard Stream Ciphers RC4 PUBLIC-KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY The Ideas Behind PKC RSA Digital Signatures ElGamal CRYPTOGRAPHIC PROTOCOLS Introduction Keys Identification Commitment Secret Sharing Electronic Voting Protocol Layers and SSL Digital Cash Schemes KEY MANAGEMENT Authentication, Exchange, and Distribution Public-Key Infrastructure (PKI) Secure Electronic Transaction (SET) MESSAGE AUTHENTICATION Authentication Functions Message Authentication Codes Encryption Functions Authentication Applications ELECTRONIC MAIL AND INTERNET SECURITY Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) S/MIME and PGP IPSec Internetworking and Security-Firewalls Client-Server Model and Cookies History of the Internet and the WWW APPLICATIONS AND THE FUTURE Login and Network Security Wireless Security Smart Cards Biometrics Quantum Cryptography Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Compliance NON-CRYPTOGRAPHIC SECURITY ISSUES Cybercrime Hackers Viruses and Other Infections Legal Matters and Controversy INFORMATION THEORY AND CODING Shannon Entropy Huffman Codes Information Theory of Cryptosystems Error-Correcting Codes APPENDIX A: MATHEMATICAL FACTS Sets, Relations, and Functions Basic Arithmetic Modular Arithmetic Groups, Fields, Modules, and Rings Vector Spaces Basic Matrix Theory Continued Fractions Elliptic Curves Complexity APPENDIX B: PSEUDO-RANDOM NUMBER GENERATION ANSI X9.17 The Blum-Blum-Shub-(BBS) PRNG APPENDIX C: FACTORING LARGE INTEGERS Classical Factorization Methods The Continued Fraction Algorithm Pollard's p-1 Algorithm Pollard's Rho-Method The Quadratic Sieve (QS) Multipolynomial Quadratic Sieve (MPQS) The Elliptic Curve Method (ECM) The General Number Field Sieve APPENDIX D: TECHNICAL AND ADVANCED DETAILS AES Silver-Pohlig-Hellman Baby-Step Giant-Step Algorithm Index-Calculus Algorithm Brands' Digital Cash Scheme Radix-64 Encoding APPENDIX E: PROBABILITY THEORY Basic Probability Randomness, Expectation, and Variance Binomial Distribution The Law of Large Numbers Probability and Error Detection APPENDIX F: RECOGNIZING PRIMES Primality and Compositeness Tests Miller-Selfridge-Rabin Primes is in P Generation of Random Primes Decision Problem or Primality Test? APPENDIX G: EXERCISES BIBLIOGRAPHY LIST OF SYMBOLS INDEX
Brain delivery of olanzapine by intranasal administration of transfersomal vesicles (2012)

The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of a possible direct correlation between vesicle elasticity and the amount of drug reaching the brain intranasally. Therefore, transfersomes were developed using phosphatidylcholine (PC) as the lipid matrix and sodium deoxycholate (SDC), Span® 60, Cremophor® EL, Brij® 58, and Brij® 72 as surfactants. The influence of the type of surfactant and PC-to-surfactant ratio on vesicle morphology, size, membrane elasticity, drug entrapment, and in vitro drug release was studied. The prepared transfersomes were mainly spherical in shape, with diameters ranging from 310 to 885 nm. Transfersomes containing SDC and Span 60 with optimum lipid-to-surfactant molar ratio showed suitable diameters (410 and 380 nm, respectively) and deformability indices (17.68 and 20.76 mL/sec, respectively). Values for absolute drug bioavailability in rat plasma for transfersomes containing SDC and those containing Span 60 were 24.75 and 51.35%, whereas AUC(0-360 min) values in rat brain were 22,334.6 and 36,486.3 ng/mL/min, respectively. The present study revealed that the deformability index is a parameter having a direct relation with the amount of the drug delivered to the brain by the nasal route.