gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: RK. DES CIS‐1,2‐DICYANOAETHYLENDITHIOLATO‐IONS MIT DISUBSTITUIERTEN ORGANOMETALLVERBINDUNGEN DER GRUPPE IVB (1973)

Abstract Dialkyl(aryl)‐Sn‐ bzw. ‐Pb‐dihalogenid reagiert in Methanol mit Dinatriumdicyanoäthylendithiolat zu den Neutralkomplexen (I).
Luc Capdevila et Frédérique Langue (dir.), Entre mémoire collective et histoire officielle. L’histoire du temps présent en Amérique latine. Rennes, Presses universitaires de Rennes, 2009, 278 p. (2009)

L’ouvrage que coordonnent Luc Capdevila et Frederique Langue vient confirmer la vigueur d’une orientation de recherche qui n’a cesse de prendre de l’importance en Amerique latine depuis la fin des dictatures militaires dites de « securite nationale » et le retour de la democratie. Cette coincidence n’a rien de surprenant puisque, comme le souligne d’emblee le titre de l’ouvrage, ce sont bien les rapports etroits, mais aussi les differences profondes, entretenus entre l’ecriture de l’histoire ...
Cytokine mRNA repertoire of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in Takayasu's arteritis (2004)

We have investigated constitutive and phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) + phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced gene expression of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12 and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 10 patients with Takayasu's arteritis (TA) and 10 healthy controls by semiquantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The constitutive mRNA expression of TNF-alpha (69.0 +/- 4.0%versus 27.5 +/- 18.0%; P = 0.001) and IL-4 (60.0 +/- 10.0%versus 0%; P = 0.001) was significantly higher in patients than controls; that of IL-3 was comparable in both groups (38.0 +/- 6.0%versus 32.0 +/- 5.0%; P = 0.651) while no constitutive mRNA expression was observed for the other cytokines studied. The stimulated PBMCs of patients, as compared with the controls, had higher mRNA gene expression of TNF-alpha (127.0 +/- 16.0%versus 54.0 +/- 6.0%; P = 0.001), IFN-gamma (93.0 +/- 13.0%versus 57.0 +/- 5.0%; P = 0.032), IL-2 (109.0 +/- 13.0%versus 68.0 +/- 6.0%; P = 0.015), IL-3 (60.0 +/- 8.0%versus 21.2 +/- 3.0%; P = 0.045) and IL-4 (68.0 +/- 7.0%versus 27.0 +/- 7.2%; P = 0.01) The mRNA expression of IL-10 was lower in patients than controls (35.0 +/- 8.0%versus 75.0 +/- 12.0%; P = 0.022). The GM-CSF mRNA was similar (102.0 +/- 6.0%versus 89.0 +/- 5.0%; P = 0.475) in both groups. Stimulation of cells with PHA + PMA showed no IL-12 expression but stimulation with lipopolysaccharide induced higher IL-12 mRNA in patients than controls (83.0 +/- 14.0%versus 33.0 +/- 4.0%; P = 0.005). Our data suggest that an inflammatory cytokine signature exists in TA with a key role for TNF-alpha, IL-4, IL-10 and IL-12 in different pathological processes of the disease.
Simple radiometric techniques for rapid detection of herpes simplex virus type 1 in WI-38 cell culture. (1976)

Two radiometric techniques were developed for detecting the presence of herpes simplex virus type 1 in stationary monolayers of the diploid cell line WI-38. The time of detection was compared to that obtained from visual examination for cytopathic effects in the same cell line. Oxidation of 14C-1-glucose in infected and uninfected cells was determined by 14CO2 production, measured by an ionization chamber, and DNA synthesis was determined by 3H-thymidine incorporation, measured by scintillation counting. Compared to uninfected cells, infected cells showed a 23-26% reduction in 14C-1-glucose oxidation and a 355-498% increase in DNA synthesis 4-6 hr after infection. These changes in cellular metabolism were observed 14 hr before visible signs of cytopathic effects. The increase in DNA synthesis was completely inhibited by viral neutralization with herpes simplex antiserum. Increased DNA synthesis was observed 5 hr after infection with 10,000-3,200,000 TCID50 units of virus. These radiometric methods for the detection of viral effect on cellular metabolism are simple, fast, and objective.
Signaling through the B cell antigen receptor in developing B cells. (2000)

Signaling events arising from the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) complex are critical for the normal progression of a B cell through its stages of maturation. These stages are characterized by the generation and expression of BCR components. Initially, the heavy chain is formed and expressed along with the surrogate light chain and VpreB. This pre-BCR may initiate events that induce the cell to generate the light chain molecules. Proper expression of these molecules triggers the cell to develop into a mature B cell. If a key signal is absent at any stage of B cell development, maturation ceases, and either the defects are corrected or the cell undergoes apoptosis. A deficiency in the expression of several intracellular proteins required for these signaling events leads to the arrest of B cell development. Advancement to specific stages of maturation relies on a particular intensity of signal through pathways leading to the activation of a set of transcription factors. These pathways include the calcium and MAPK family pathways. Factors such as the concentration and avidity of the antigen, the coligation of co-receptors, and the formation of signaling complexes dictate the intensity of these signals and thereby the fate of the B cell at each stage of development.
Fixed drug eruption caused by tolphenamic acid. (1994)

We have studied the expression of alpha 6 beta 4 integrin, a carcinoma laminin receptor in ten squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and ten basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) of the skin in order to examine whether changes in alpha 6 beta 4 integrin expression may be related to invasive and metastatic potential. Monoclonal antibodies specific for each subunit were applied on cryosections, using a three step indirect peroxidase technique. In normal epidermis the basal cells expressed both the alpha 6 and the beta 4 subunits, and the expression was polarized against the basement membrane. In SCCs the expression of the alpha 6 and the beta 4 subunits paralleled each other, showing an increased intensity and loss of polarity. The BCCs, however, showed consistently decreased expression of both the alpha 6 and the beta 4 subunits. The results of our study, as well as those of other studies, support the assumption that the increase and depolarization of alpha 6 beta 4 integrin that occurs in SCCs might be related to the invasive properties of this tumour type.
Basic Features of the Cellular Translation Apparatus (2005)

This chapter contains sections titled: Natural Laws, Genetic Information and the “Central Dogma” of Molecular Biology Cellular Investments in Ribosome-mediated Protein Synthesis Molecular Architecture of AARS Structure and Function of the tRNA Molecule Aminoacylation Reaction AARS:tRNA Interactions – Identity Sets Translational Proofreading Ribosomal Decoding – A Brief Overview Codon Bias and the Fidelity of Protein Synthesis Preprogrammed Context-dependent Recoding: fMet, Sec, Pyl, etc. Beyond Basic Coding – Posttranslational Modifications References
Interaction challenges in human-robot space exploration (2005)

In January 2004, NASA established a new, long-term exploration program to fulfill the President's Vision for U.S. Space Exploration. The primary goal of this program is to establish a sustained human presence in space, beginning with robotic missions to the Moon in 2008, followed by extended human expeditions to the Moon as early as 2015. In addition, the program places significant emphasis on the development of joint human-robot systems. A key difference from previous exploration efforts is that future space exploration activities must be sustainable over the long-term. Experience with the space station has shown that cost pressures will keep astronaut teams small. Consequently, care must be taken to extend the effectiveness of these astronauts well beyond their individual human capacity. Thus, in order to reduce human workload, costs, and fatigue-driven error and risk, intelligent robots will have to be an integral part of mission design.
Educando en competencias transversales a través de la asignatura de ingeniería de proyectos. Caso de estudio en el máster de Ingeniero de Minas. - [Teaching transversal competences in the project management subject. Case of study: Master of Mining Engineering] (2017)

El contexto global y el acelerado cambio tecnológico en muchos de los sectores de la ingeniería obliga a que los futuros ingenieros deban aportar soluciones competitivas. En el presente trabajo se muestran resultados sobre competencias transversales como la creatividad, la comunicación y el trabajo en equipo. La creatividad es una de las competencias transversales más valoradas por el tejido industrial. Especial relevancia tiene los diferentes roles de un equipo y la importancia de uno de ellos para el éxito en el desarrollo de un proyecto. El caso de estudio que se presenta parte de un ejercicio realizado en el master de ingeniero de minas impartido por la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, donde se han identificado roles clave para el desarrollo de proyectos innovadores desde una visión holística. [The global context and accelerated technological change in many engineering sectors means that future engineers must provide competitive solutions. In the present work results are shown on transversal competences such as creativity, communication and teamwork. Creativity is one of the transversal competences most valued by the industrial fabric. Special relevance has the different roles of a team and the importance of one of them for success in developing a project. The case study is part of an exercise carried out in the master of mining engineer taught by the Polytechnic University of Madrid, where key roles have been identified for the development of innovative projects from a holistic view.] Llamas, Bernardo; Storch de Gracia, M. Dolores; Cámara, Ángel
<title>Nonblocking holographic integrated-optic space switch with acousto-optic control</title> (1994)

elements riust be two-directionaL The Problems of reversibility andaddressing can be overcome with the syninetrical switch. Figure 1 shows anoptical binary tree riade b the syrmietrical switch As can be seen, in thiscase the addressing is the tree-structure and the Paths are always reversible.An architecture for an integrated optical version of the tree structurewith holograi*iics intercounnection is show in Fig, 2. Light from each input
Activities of potential therapeutic and prophylactic antibiotics against blood culture isolates of viridans group streptococci from neutropenic patients receiving ciprofloxacin (1993)

All 47 sequential blood culture isolates of viridans group streptococci obtained from febrile neutropenic patients receiving quinolone prophylaxis were susceptible to vancomycin, teicoplanin, and imipenem. Resistance to benzylpenicillin (MIC for 50% of isolates [MIC50], 0.125 microgram/ml) and ceftazidime (MIC50, 4 micrograms/ml) was common. Most isolates were susceptible to amoxicillin, co-amoxiclav (amoxicillin-clavulanic acid at a 2:1 ratio by weight), azlocillin, clarithromycin, and erythromycin, with azithromycin showing comparable activity. The MIC90 of sparfloxacin was 1 microgram/ml; those for ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin were > 16 and 16 micrograms/ml, respectively.
Perineal body repair in patients with third degree rectocele: a critical analysis of the tissue fixation system (2013)

The TFS perineal body repair is an effective, safe, minimally invasive treatment in women with symptomatic low rectocele.
Multi-modality computer-aided diagnosis system for axillary lymph node (ALN) staging: segmentation of ALN on ultrasound images (2009)

Our goal was to develop and evaluate a reliable segmentation method to delineate axillary lymph node (ALN) from surrounding tissues on US images as the first step of building a multi-modality CADx system for staging ALN. Ultrasound images of 24 ALN from 18 breast cancer patients were used. An elliptical model algorithm was used to fit ALNs boundaries using the following steps: reduce image noise, extract image edges using the Canny edge detector, select edge pixels and fit an ellipse by minimizing the quadratic error, Find the best fitting ellipse based on RANSAC. The segmentation was qualitatively evaluated by 3 expert readers using 4 aspects: Orientation of long axis (OLA): within +- 45 degrees, or off by +-45 degrees, overlap (OV): the fitted ellipse completely included ALN, partially included ALN, or missed the ALN, size (SZ): too small, good within 20% error margin, or too large, and aspect ratio (AR): correct or wrong. Nightly six % of ALNs were correctly evaluated by all readers in terms of OLA and AR, 90.2% in terms of OV and 86.11 in terms of SZ. Readers agreed that the segmentation was correct in 70% of the cases in all aspects. Due to small sample size and small variation among readers, we don't have power to show the accuracy of them is different.
Role of PTHRP and PTH-1 receptor in endochondral bone development (1998)

Parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) has important functions in the control of cellular growth and differentiation. Acting, at least in part, through the PTH-1 receptor, PTHrP profoundly influences chondrocytic and osteogenic cell biology. Studies using knockout and transgenic mouse technology have played a pivotal role in unraveling the physiological role of PTHrP and its receptor in endochondral bone development and adult skeletal homeostasis. Further clarification of these functions will have far-reaching implications in our general understanding of skeletogenesis and the pathophysiology of human skeletal disorders.
S43 Polyfunctional T cells reveal the spectrum of tuberculosis in HIV co-infection through the identification of immunological correlates of latent and active disease (2011)

<h3>Background</h3> Approximately one-third of the world9s population is infected with <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (MTB), mostly as latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). HIV co-infection confers the single greatest risk of progression to active tuberculosis (TB) and thus provides an opportunity to study the host–pathogen interaction in LTBI. The stage of TB disease and effect of advancing HIV infection should be reflected in the phenotype and function of MTB-specific T cells. <h3>Aims</h3> To compare MTB-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses in donors from four clinical phenotypes (TB/HIV, TB, LTBI/HIV and LTBI) and test whether TB in the context of HIV is a spectrum of disease dependent on mycobacterial load consequent upon advancing immunosuppression and viraemia. <h3>Methods</h3> Donors (n=34) with or without HIV co-infection were carefully selected for active TB or LTBI. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were stimulated overnight with purified protein derivative (PPD) or a combination of MTB-specific antigens. An 11-colour intracellular cytokine secretion assay was used to assess CD3, CD4, CD8, IFN-γ, IL-2 and TNF-α expression. <h3>Results</h3> The proportion of participants with a CD8+ PPD-specific IFN-γ (p=0.001) or TNF-α (p=0.006) response closely mirrored stage of TB disease, whereas the equivalent CD4 response was unaffected. The proportion of CD4+ and CD8+ PPD-specific cells increased with TB stage for IFN-γ and TNF-α, but did not increase in HIV/TB co-infection compared with TB (Abstract S43 figure 1). When individual cytokine subsets were examined, the percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ cells producing IFN-γ, TNF-α or dual responses was higher in all participants with TB compared with LTBI. CD4+IL-2+ cells were reduced by HIV co-infection, especially IFN-γ+/IL-2+ cells (p=0.008) and this was apparent as a proportion of total cytokine response (p=0.016). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The proportion of CD8+ IFN-γ or TNF-α responders was a more sensitive indicator of TB stage than CD4 responses. CD4+ IL-2 responses were vulnerable to HIV co-infection, possibly affecting CD8+ IFN-γ and TNF-α responses at high viral loads, increasing susceptibility to active TB. These immune correlates of the TB spectrum and the MTB-specific T-cell deficiencies caused by HIV co-infection are important in rationalising treatment of co-infection as well as testing new vaccines and therapeutics.
Classical limit of mechanical thermal noise reduction by feedback (1985)

The classical theory of thermal noise of mechanical systems and the effects of feedback is reinvestigated. Previous developments which set a limit to the noise reduction by feedback when a given measuring time is assumed have ignored the situation where the system is acting as an unchanging mechanical reference. A precision rotor clock is one such system. The present work uses the galvanometer as the general model and includes this situation. It explicates the nature of the limit when it exists by treating it without assuming any particular measuring optimization method.
Micro-Particle Fabrication for Tissue Engineering Applications Using Rapid Prototyping and Soft Lithography Principles (2005)

The goal of this study was to develop an efficient and repeatable process for fabrication of micro-particles from multiple materials using rapid prototyping and soft lithography. Phase change three-dimensional printing was used to create masters for PDMS molds. A photocrosslinkable polymer was then delivered into these molds to fabricate geometrically complex three-dimensional micro-particles. This repeatable process has demonstrated the ability to generate micro-particles with greater than 95% repeatability with complete pattern transfer. This process was illustrated for three shapes based on the extrusion of two-dimensional shapes. These particles will allow for tailoring of the pore shapes within a porous scaffold utilized in tissue engineering applications. In addition, the different shapes may allow control of drug release by varying the surface to volume ratio, which could modulate drug delivery. While soft lithography is currently used with photolithography, its high precision is offset by high cost of production. The employment of rapid prototyping to a specific resolution offers a much less expensive alternative with increased throughput due to the speed of current rapid prototyping systems.
Chest wall motion during epidural anesthesia in dogs (1991)

To determine the relative contribution of rib cage and abdominal muscles to expiratory muscle activity during quiet breathing, we used lumbar epidural anesthesia in six pentobarbital sodium-anesthetized dogs lying supine to paralyze the abdominal muscles while leaving rib cage muscle motor function substantially intact. A high-speed X-ray scanner (Dynamic Spatial Reconstructor) provided three-dimensional images of the thorax. The contribution of expiratory muscle activity to tidal breathing was assessed by a comparison of chest wall configuration during relaxed apnea with that at end expiration. We found that expiratory muscle activity was responsible for approximately half of the changes in thoracic volume during inspiration. Paralysis of the abdominal muscles had little effect on the pattern of breathing, including the contribution of expiratory muscle activity to tidal breathing, in most dogs. We conclude that, although there is consistent phasic expiratory electrical activity in both the rib cage and the abdominal muscles of pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs lying supine, the muscles of the rib cage are mechanically the most important expiratory muscles during quiet breathing.
Measurement of Atmospheric Hydrogen Peroxide and Hydroxymethyl Hydroperoxide with a Diffusion Scrubber and Light Emitting Diode−Liquid Core Waveguide-Based Fluorometry (2000)

We describe a new automated instrument for measuring gas- and aqueous-phase H2O2. The chemistry relies on the hematin-catalyzed oxidation of nonfluorescent thiamine to fluorescent thiochrome by H2O2; this reaction is 25-fold more selective for hydrogen peroxide than its nearest alkyl hydroperoxide congener, CH3HO2. The optical characteristics of the fluorescent product are such that it is ideally excited by newly available GaN-based light emitting diodes emitting in the near-UV. A stable long-life miniature flow-through fluorescence detector based on a transversely illuminated liquid core waveguide is thus used for this purpose. The limit of detection (LOD, S/N = 3) for liquid-phase H2O2 is 11 nM. A temperature-controlled high-efficiency Nafion membrane diffusion scrubber is used to collect gaseous hydrogen peroxide with near-quantitative efficiency with an S/N = 3 LOD of 13.5 pptv. The system responds to hydrogen peroxide and hydroxymethyl hydroperoxide but not to methyl hydroperoxide. The use of very inexpensive and stable reagents, highly sensitive detection, benign chemistry, and a fluorescence detector using a solid-state illumination source results in a particularly affordable automated instrument. Design and performance details and illustrative results from a 1999 field campaign (Atlanta Supersite Study) are presented.
Single-Laboratory Validation for the Quantification of Neomycin B and Neomycin C in Animal Feeds by Liquid Chromatography Fluorescence Detection with Post-Column Derivatization (2009)

A method using ion-exchange liquid chromatographic (LC) separation, post-column derivatization, and fluorescence detection to quantify neomycin B and neomycin C in animal feeds has been developed and validated. Improved methodology is required to achieve positive identification of antibiotics present and to more accurately determine the amount of antibiotics in feeds. The method sample range covers additive levels found in type A, B, and C medicated feed products (50-0.005% wt/wt neomycin base). The linear range for the method covers 50-150% of expected sample concentrations. Average recovery from type A and B feeds, n = 9, was 100.4% neomycin with %RSD = 2.28. Average recovery from type C feeds and milk replacers, n = 9, was 97.5% neomycin with %RSD = 4.36. There were no interferences from soybean meal and milk replacer matrix components, oxytetracycline, or other aminoglycosides, with the exception of one gentamicin isomer, which co-elutes with neomycin B. However, neomycin and gentamicin are not a legal feed combination, and the presence of gentamicin can easily be discerned by the appearance of the 3 gentamicin homologs that do not interfere. Comparison of the proposed LC method to the microbiological method shows that the LC method provides comparable recoveries of neomycin from feed products throughout the range of concentrations found commercially.
A micromachined contacting sliding short for high frequency applications (2009)

As science probes into the Terahertz region (THz), there is a need for more precise micromachining techniques to fabricate structures such as rectangular waveguides. Additionally, as wavelength decreases there is a greater need for fine tuning of these devices to maximize the amplitude and adequately change the phase of the signal. The concept presented in this article builds on previous sliding backshort designs and integrates them with lithographic micromachining techniques to increase the flexibility of conventional rectangular waveguides for sub-millimeter waves.
Chondrolysis Following Arthroscopic Thermal Capsulorrhaphy to Treat Shoulder Instability (2005)

Levine, William N. MD; Clark, A. Martin Jr. MD; D'Alessandro, Donald F. MD; Yamaguchi, Ken MD Author Information