gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The influence of La-substitution on the micro-structure and ferroelectric properties of chemical-solution-deposited BiFeO<sub>3</sub> thin films (2007)

La-substituted BiFeO3 (BFO) thin films were formed by depositing sol?gel solutions on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si (1?0?0) structures. No secondary phase was observed by La-atom-substitution up to 20% in BFO thin films. The micro-structures of the films were changed with an increase in La concentration, which influenced the ferroelectric properties of the films. The dielectric constant of a BFO film was approximately 90 at 1?MHz and it increased to 125 in a 20% La-substituted BFO film, which was probably due to the size effect of grains. The substitution of La atoms in BFO films reduced the leakage current as well as remanent polarization. The leakage current contribution in the hysteresis loop was negligible when the loops were measured at above 20?kHz. The obtained saturated remanent polarization was 50??C?cm?2 in a 5% La-substituted BFO film at 100 kHz.
How to tell the difference between a cat and a dog? (2006)

Abstract The aim of this work is to present a method in computer vision for model‐based object recognition by integration of texture, color, and partial silhouette matching cues. As a test problem, a challenging task of distinguishing between cats and dogs are proposed. No condition is imposed on the images. In spite of high intraclass variability of two classes (especially dogs), accuracy rate of over 92% is achieved. A novel method for integration of color information to textures is also presented. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 16, 234–239, 2006
Study on the antipyretic activity of thyme (Thymus broussonetii) in experimental rats (2012)

Previous pharmacological essays had reported the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of Thymus broussonetii extracts. This current study extended these previous works and aimed at investigating the potential antipyretic effect of T. broussonetii. For that, we have tested the effect of aqueous, butanolic and ethyl acetate extracts of T. broussonetii on yeast- induced fever in rats. Our results showed that the three extracts (aqueous, butanolic and ethyl acetate), induced a significant reduction of rectal temperature in febrile rats indicating that T. broussonetii produce a marked antipyretic activity. However neither the thyme extracts, nor acetylsalicylic acid, did induce hypothermia in rats. This antipyretic effect may be related to the extract’s analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. On the other hand, no mortality and no signs of toxicity have been observed at the tested doses indicating that the three extracts of thyme present low toxicity. These findings provided strong arguments and validation of the popular use of this plant as analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic herb.
Stereochemistry. XLII. Highly strained phenonium ion incorporated in the [2.2]paracyclophane system (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereochemistry. XLII. Highly strained phenonium ion incorporated in the [2.2]paracyclophane systemDonald J. Cram and Robert E. SinglerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1971, 93, 18, 4443–4450Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00747a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00747a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views68Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Utilization of the syntenic relationship between sugarcane, sorghum, maize and rice to saturate a targeted area in sugarcane (1999)

A major rust resistance gene was identified in the cultivar R570. This gene was linked to an RFLP marker, revealed by the probe CDSR 29, left unliked in the available R570 map. We developed an RFLP strategy taking advantage of the synteny between sugarcane, sorghum, rice and maize to position the rust resistance gene on the R570 map and to build a fine map in the vicinity of the resistance gene. We first positioned the CDSR 29 probe on our sorghum map. Then, through comparative mapping, we identified homeologous segments in several grass species, and selected 252 potentially useful probes in the targeted region. One hundred and thirteen of the probes tested hybridized with sugarcane DNA and were analyzed on a set of 88 individuals of the R570 population. This enabled us to position the rust resistance gene as well as 44 new probes on linkage group VII. The resistance gene appeared at a terminal position of a cosegregation group belonging to this linkage group. These data enable us to examine precisely the syntenic relationships between the genome of sugarcane, sorghum, maize and rice in the targeted area. However, the closest RFLP marker remains CDSR29. A second approach has thus been developed using bulked segregant analysis (BSA) with AFLP. This enabled to identify 5 AFLP markers located on both sides of the rust resistance gene. (Texte intégral)
Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in sera and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary sarcoidosis (1994)

ICAM-1 plays an important role in inflammatory diseases. To assess level of soluble ICAM-1 in the circulation and inflamed lesions, we measured levels of soluble ICAM-1 in the circulation and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and with pulmonary sarcoidosis (PS) and of healthy volunteers (HV), and we also analysed ICAM-1 expression of BALF cells in some patients and HV. IPF patients had significantly higher levels of circulating ICAM-1 than HV, while PS patients did not. By contrast, significantly increased levels of BALF soluble ICAM-1 were found in PS patients compared with those of HV, but not in IPF patients. There were no significant differences in the proportions of ICAM-1+ BALF lymphocytes in IPF patients, PS patients and HV, whereas significantly increased proportions of ICAM-1+ pulmonary alveolar macrophages were found in PS patients compared with those of HV, but not in IPF patients. There was a significant positive correlation of BALF soluble ICAM-1 levels to BALF lymphocyte proportions in PS patients. Although the source of BALF soluble ICAM-1 is unclear, BALF soluble ICAM-1 appears to reflect the grade of local activity of sarcoidosis. An interesting discrepancy between soluble ICAM-1 levels in the circulation and BALF was found in IPF patients, and this might be an important clue to an understanding of this disorder.
Methodology and Models in Erosion Research: Discussion and Conclusions (2011)

This paper summarises the discussions which took place at the Workshop on Methodology in Erosion Research in Zürich, 2010, and aims, where possible, to offer guidance for the development and application of both in vitro and in situ models for erosion research. The prospects for clinical trials are also discussed. All models in erosion research require a number of choices regarding experimental conditions, study design and measurement techniques, and these general aspects are discussed first. Among in vitro models, simple (single- or multiple-exposure) models can be used for screening products regarding their erosive potential, while more elaborate pH cycling models can be used to simulate erosion in vivo. However, in vitro models provide limited information on intra-oral erosion. In situ models allow the effect of an erosive challenge to be evaluated under intra-oral conditions and are currently the method of choice for short-term testing of low-erosive products or preventive therapeutic products. In the future, clinical trials will allow longer-term testing. Possible methodologies for such trials are discussed.
Preliminary efficacy and safety of oral suspension SH, combination of five chinese medicinal herbs, in people living with HIV/AIDS ; the phase I/II study. (2004)

Under the condition used, SH drug therapy is safe. Satisfactory positive response, by decreased viral load of more than 0.5 log, was found in 14%-35% of HIV-positive patients. However, the immunologic response, an increase of CD4 cell count was not clearly demonstrated. The clinical benefit of SH needs more thorough scientific support before being prescribed as adjunctive therapy for treating PLWHA.
Isolation of an Adenovirus 32 Strain from Human Brain in a Case of Subacute Encephalitis (1972)

This report describes the isolation in tissue culture of an adenovirus from the brain of a 42-year-old man dying with radiation-treated lymphosarcoma and a 4.5-week history of neurological disease which, on histopathological evidence, was diagnosed as subacute encephalitis.
EAP Applications, Potential, and Challenges (2010)

One of the most attractive characteristics of electroactive polymer (EAP) materials is their actuation potential for the development of biologically inspired (so-called biomimetic) systems that are lightweight, low power, inexpensive, resilient, damage tolerant, noiseless, and agile [Bar-Cohen and Breazeal, 2003]. As described in Topic 7, various applications are currently being considered in an effort to take advantage of these unique characteristics. This chapter describes a broad prospective of the current and potential applications of EAPs, providing both a reference guide and a vision for future potentials. As described in Topic 1 and Topic 3, the number of developed polymers that exhibit significant electromechanical response has been growing steadily since the early 1990s. These materials are establishing an arsenal of choices that may provide alternatives for designers who are considering related applications. To assist potential users of EAPs in assessing the applicability of relevant EAP actuators, these materials were divided in this book into two major groups: ionic and electronic. Typical responses of example materials of these two groups are shown in Figs. 1 and 2, respectively. In Fig. 1, a starfish-shaped IPMC is shown to bend significantly. The direction of bending depends on the voltage polarity. In Fig. 2, a dielectric film is shown with a circular carbon grease electroded area that is activated by an electric field to generate expansion. The expanded elastomer film contracts to the original shape when the electric voltage is turned off. This capability to generate a large strain cannot be matched by alternative electroactive materials such as piezoceramics and shape memory alloys. However, these materials are still in an emerging phase, and further development is needed to address the challenges to their practical application. The lesson learned by the author from studying potential planetary applications for ionomeric polymer-metal composites (IPMC) is reviewed in this chapter. Also, the application of the dielectric EAP is briefly discussed.
Phase I Study of Cladribine, Cytarabine (Ara-C), Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) (CLAG Regimen) and Simultaneous Escalating Doses of Imatinib Mesylate (Gleevec) in Relapsed/Refractory AML. (2006)

Abstract Background: Receptor activated tyrosine kinases like c-kit, c-fms and PDGFR are known targets of inhibition by imatinib mesylate (Gleevec) and are expressed on AML blasts. Marrow stromal cells and monocytes express the ligands KIT ligand, M-CSF and PDGF capable of activating survival pathways in these leukemic cells. Imatinib mesylate is a substrate of the multidrug resistance and ABC - transporters expressed in AML cells and displays a modest activity alone in AML in vitro and in vivo. Given the synergy in vitro between Ara-C and Gleevec on AML cell growth inhibtion, we initiated a Phase I study combining CLAG + Gleevec in AML patients. Method: Patients with relapsed, refractory AML or CML myeloid blast crisis were eligible to receive Cladribine 5 mg/m2 Days 3–7, Cytarabine 2 gm/m2 Days 3–7, G-CSF 300 mcg Days 2–7, and escalating doses of imatinib mesylate given on Days 1–15. The level 1 Gleevec dose was 400 mg, while level 2 was 600 mg and the level 3 dose 800 mg. Patients were allowed to receive a second course of treatment if a CR was not attained after the first course, and were eligible for allogeneic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) if a donor was available. Results: A total of 15 patients have been enrolled 14 AML and 1 CML blast crisis, 6 patients with relapse within 6 months following initial induction/consolidation, 5 patients relapsed within 6–12 months of therapy, 3 patients had refractory disease and 3 patients relapse following myeloablative ASCT. No dose limiting toxicity was reached. The dose escalation occured as planned and there was no clear evidence of added toxicity due to Gleevec. One patient with an extensive cardiac history died of cardiac causes on day 1 of therapy, no other deaths occured within 30 days of starting therapy. One patient had a grade 3 skin rash at level 2 and did not receive imatinib on the second induction therapy. None of the 15 patients treated have had a drug- related cause of death: the most common toxicities encountered during induction therapy were nausea, vomiting, ALT and AST increase, rash and diarrhea and were transient and/or reversible. There were two drug-nonrelated deaths one CNS bleed in a persistently thrombocytopenic patient after ANC recovery and ovelwhelming sepsis in another patient. Out of 14 evaluable patients 12 achieved a hypocellular marrow after initial induction with one additional patient achieving a hypocellular marrow following a second course of the same regimen. One patient had persistence of disease and was switched to another treatment. Out of the 12 evaluable patients 5 acheived a complete response (42%) with 4 of these patients achieving a complete cytogenetic response as well (33%). The relapse free interval ranged from 35 to 206 + days in evaluable patients. Imatinib mesylate (up to 800 mg) plus CLAG is a safe and well tolerated non anthracycline based salvage regimen in patients with relapsed/refractory AML.
SOCRATE: an optical bench dedicated to the understanding and improvement of a laser conditioning process (2006)

We present an automatic excimer laser bench (SOCRATE) allowing for the treatment of optical components by laser conditioning. This apparatus, developed at the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique-Le Ripault, has been designed to add to this conditioning process an in situ, accurate laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) measurement and different nondestructive optical techniques for the characterization of the component during treatment. Through different examples, we demonstrate the importance of these characterizations to improve the understanding of the laser conditioning. The role of an in situ adapted metrology associated in real time with a laser conditioning bench offers new opportunities to analyze laser-induced damage mechanisms and subsequently to increase the LIDT of optical components.
A Random Fredholm Integral Equation (1972)

The aim of this paper is the study of a random or stochastic integral equation of the Fredholm type given by x(t ; a>) = h(t; tt))+J'0x k0(t, t; cu)e(r, x{r%m))dr, />0, where coeQ, the supporting set of the probability measure space (Ü, A, P).The existence and uniqueness of a random solution to the above stochastic integral equation is considered.A random solution, x(t; co), of such a random equation is defined to be a random function which satisfies the equation almost surely.Several theorems and useful special cases are presented which give conditions such that a random solution exists.
Magnetic Susceptibility of Copper-Nickel and Silver-Palladium Alloys at Low Temperatures (1958)

The magnetic susceptibilities of copper-nickel alloys with up to 39 atomic percent nickel and silver-palladium alloys with up to 10 atomic percent palladium have been measured by the Gouy method at temperatures between 295\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K and 2.1\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K. Measurements are reported on samples with an impurity content of less than 10 parts per million and on samples with greater impurity content. The susceptibility is nearly temperature-independent for all the silver-palladium alloys and for the copper-nickel alloys with up to 27% nickel. Higher nickel concentrations give rise to a $\frac{1}{T}$ susceptibility term which is too large to be accounted for by impurity content. The simple band model of Mott adequately describes the susceptibility of the silver-palladium alloys but fails to predict the large temperature-independent paramagnetic contribution of nickel in copper. Exchange energies calculated by the Stoner collective electron method for the copper-nickel alloys, using specific heat and susceptibility data, are somewhat unsatisfactory and suggest the presence of another mechanism.
Laparoscope Is a Useful Tool for Reducing and Drawing off a Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients (2016)

In patients in whom decannulation of the peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheter is being considered, the laparoscopic method may provide useful information versus traditional methods of removal without visual guidance. Recently, laparoscopic examinations have been increasingly used for PD patients, to confirm a diagnosis of encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis through their ability to reveal the characteristic gross thickening of the peritoneum.1Kawaguchi Y. Saito A. Kawanishi H. et al.Recommendations on the management of encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis in Japan, 2005: diagnosis, predictive markers, treatment, and preventive measures.Perit Dial Int. 2005; 25: 83-95PubMed Google Scholar Tanno et al. reported on the laparoscopic findings in a long-term PD patient with encapsulation, including computed tomography2Tanno Y. Yokoyama K. Hosoya T. Laparoscopic approach for the evaluation of peritoneal injury.Kidney Int. 2012; 82: 244-245Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (8) Google Scholar in the absence of symptoms. We utilized laparoscopic removal of the PD catheter in 2 patients, both men, who had been undergoing PD for 11 years and 7 years, respectively, and had experienced ultrafiltration failure. Laparoscopic findings in these 2 patients are shown in Figure 1, a and b. These cases suggest that peritoneal adhesions can occur focally and blind decannulation of the PD catheter may risk injury to the intestinal tract. In both patients, the PD catheter was removed safely. Patient 1 developed symptoms and signs of encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis 2 years later. To conclude, for patients scheduled to undergo PD catheter removal, an evaluation of the abdominal cavity by a laparoscope can provide more detailed information about peritoneal injury and guide the surgeon to safely remove the PD catheter. Moreover, the occurrence of typical lesions of encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis may provide prognostic information. All the authors declared no competing interests.
Infrared measurements of atmospheric ethane (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub>) from aircraft and ground‐based solar absorption spectra in the 3000 cm<sup>−1</sup> region (1985)

A number of prominent Q‐branches of the ν 7 band of C 2 H 6 have been identified near 3000 cm −1 in aircraft and ground‐based infrared solar absorption spectra. The aircraft spectra provide the column amount above 12 km at various altitudes. The column amount is strongly correlated with tropopause height and can be described by a constant mixing ratio of 0.46 ppbv in the upper troposphere and a mixing ratio scale height of 3.9 km above the tropopause. The ground‐based spectra yield a column of 9.0 × 10 15 molecules cm −2 above 2.1 km; combining these results implies a tropospheric mixing ratio of approximately 0.63 ppbv.
Assessment of Dosage Forms In Vitro (1998)

This chapter presents descriptions of some in vitro tests which can be applied to pharmaceutical products, using some of the background physical chemistry discussed in other chapters. In particular, we will examine the influence of some of the key parameters of pharmaceutical systems, such as particle size, viscosity, adhesion or formulation in general on drug release or performance. It is necessary to appreciate the importance of in vitro testing in formulation development, in batch-to-batch control and in assessing defects in products. In vitro tests might be preferred when there is a good correlation between in vitro and in vivo behaviour, but it should be appreciated that such correlations or indeed physiological verisimilitude are not essential for validity in quality control, where reproducibility of a product is in itself a goal.
1813-P: An Experimental Model to Combat the Increased Prevalence of Diabetes in Alzheimer’s Disease (2019)

Alzheimer’s disease is associated with many other disorders of healthful aging; one of the most prominent is the increased prevalence of diabetes in patients with Alzheimer’s, resulting in almost twice the number of hospitalizations compared with that of non-Alzheimer’s patients. The goal of this investigation was to discover an animal model that was protected both from Alzheimer’s Disease and diabetes. The adenylyl cyclase type 5 (AC5) knockout (KO) was selected since it not only lives a third longer than its wild type (WT), but is also a model of healthful aging, with improved metabolism, enhanced exercise capacity and protection against obesity and diabetes. Accordingly, we compared the AC5 KO with that of the J20 mouse, a model for Alzheimer’s disease. Comparisons were made among AC5 KO, J20 and WT mice for behavioral tests indicative of Alzheimer’s and diabetes protection as reflected by the glucose tolerance test. All 3 behavioral tests studied demonstrated that AC5 KO were protected compared to WT, whereas the J20 mice demonstrated behavioral alterations consistent with Alzheimer’s Disease. For example, the water maze test, used to assess spatial learning and memory, demonstrated the expected 134± 7.6% deficit, p&lt;0.05, in the J20 mice, in contrast to the 38± 3.0% improvement, in performance, p&lt;0.05, in AC5 KO. The glucose tolerance test (GTT) also demonstrated protection in AC5 KO and impaired GTT in the J20 mice, i.e., the area under the curve following 1g/kg IP glucose, was 47± 5.2% less, p&lt;0.05, in AC5 KO compared to WT, whereas it was 137± 10.2% higher, p&lt;.05, than WT in the J20 mice. Thus, the AC5 KO mice were protected both against impaired GTT and behavioral changes associated with Alzheimer’s disease, suggesting that inhibition of AC5 would be a novel therapeutic modality, not only for diabetes, but also for the diabetes associated with Alzheimer’s Disease. Disclosure D. Babici: None. J. Zhang: None. M. Oydanich: None. K. Nishimura: None. D.E. Vatner: None. M. Mouradian: None. S.F. Vatner: None. Funding National Institutes of Health (R01HL102472, R01HL106511, R01HL119464, R01HL124282, R01HL130848, R01HL137368, R01HL137405, R21AG053514)