gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Proceedings 12th IEEE Internationals Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence. ICTAI 2000 (2000)

Model-based diagnosis is a successjid AI technique for locating and identifying faults in technical syslems. Extending previous research on model-based diagnosis support for fault search in technical designs, we are building a model-based debugger for Java programs to provide intelligent support for the programmer trying to locate the so~rce of an error: By using one or more models derived from the source code of the program without additional spec$cations except the Java semantics, the debugger guides the user towards potential sources for incorrect program behaviors, i.e., bugs.
Absolute calibration of microwave loss in ESR spectrometers (1994)

Studies of field‐dependent microwave losses are useful for the detection and characterization of superconducting materials. The measurements are made in a conventional ESR spectrometer, but until now the data interpretation has been mainly qualitative. A calibration procedure using just a frequency counter, DC voltmeter, and ball bearing is decribed. This allows a quantitative determination of magnetic losses to ∼ 5% accuracy without the need to determine the cavity Q , power level, or field strength.
A New Blue Bunting from Tamaulipas (1939)

Type.-Adult male, G. M. S. field catalogue No. 8078; Arroyo de la Presa, six miles north of Victoria, Tamaulipas, Mexico, February 26, 1938; George M. Sutton. Subspecific characters.-Wholly unlike Cyanocompsa parellina dearborni Miller and Griscom (from Nicaragua and Yucatan) and P. c. indigotica Ridgway, (from Colima, Guerrero, Oaxaca, etc.) in being small-billed. Closer, therefore, to C. p. parellina (Bonaparte) (from Vera Cruz), and to C. p. beneplacita Bangs (from Nuevo Leon and extreme western Tamaulipas), but male brighter throughout than in either of these races, the general tone of the under parts in particular being decidedly bluer (less purplish), the rump lighter, and the blue of the crown extending more evenly over hind neck to back. Female apparently much as in beneplacita, and therefore paler, duller, and less rufescent brown than in typical parellina from Vera Cruz. Since we have but two females of lucida, differing somewhat in general tone inter se, it is impossible for us to offer any statement concerning differences between average female lucida and average female beneplacita at the present time. In any event male birds of the two forms are strikingly unlike. Measurements.-Male: wing, 69.5-72.5 (average, 70.5) mm.; tail, 54-57 (average, 55.7); exposed culmen, 9.5-11 (average, 10.6); tarsus, 18.5-22 (average, 19.6). Range.-So far as is known, the lowlands of southern interior Tamaulipas, Mexico, from Gomez Farias north to the general vicinity of Victoria.
A suite of database replication protocols based on group communication primitives (2002)

This paper proposes a family of replication protocols based on group communication in order to address some of the concerns expressed by database designers regarding existing replication solutions. Due to these concerns, current database systems allow inconsistencies and often resort to centralized approaches, thereby reducing some of the key advantages provided by replication. The protocols presented in this paper take advantage of the semantics of group communication and use related isolation guarantees to eliminate the possibility of deadlocks, reduce the message overhead, and increase performance. A simulation study shows the feasibility of the approach and the flexibility with which different types of bottlenecks can be circumvented.
Investigation of Complexation of Sodium Cation by Anthracene Crown Ethers (2000)

Abstract Formation constants for complexes of sodium and anthracene crown ethers were determined using spectrophotometry and cyclic voltammetry. The complexation properties of the ligands examined depend significantly on alkyl substituents at 9 and 10-positions of the anthracene group and are strongly influenced by the solvent.
CYTOCHEMISTRY OF GOLGI FRACTIONS PREPARED FROM RAT LIVER (1974)

Cytochemical tests for several marker enzymes were applied to liver tissue and to the three Golgi fractions (GF(1), GF(2), GF(3)) separated by the procedure of Ehrenreich et al. from liver homogenates of alcohol-treated rats. 5'-Nucleotidase (AMPase) reaction product was found in all three fractions but in different locations: It occurred along the inside of the membrane of VLDL-filled vacuoles in GF(1) and GF(2), and along the outside of the cisternal membranes in GF(3). In the latter it was restricted to the dilated cisternal rims and was absent from the cisternal centers. The AMPase activity found in the fractions by biochemical assay is therefore indigenous to Golgi components and is not due to contamination by plasma membrane. Acid phosphatase (AcPase) reaction product was detected within lysosomal contaminants in GF(1) and within many VLDL-filled vacuoles in GF(1) and GF(2), indicating that AcPase activity is due not only to contaminating lysosomes, but also to enzyme indigenous to Golgi secretory vacuoles. G-6-Pase reaction product was present in GF(3) and within contaminating endoplasmic reticulum fragments, but not in other fractions. Thiamine pyrophosphatase (TPPase) was localized to some of the VLDL-filled vacuoles and cisternae in GF(1) and GF(2), and was not found in the cisternae in GF(3). The results demonstrate the usefulness of cytochemical methods in monitoring the fractionation procedure: They have (a) allowed a reliable identification of contaminants, (b) made possible a distinction between indigenous and contaminating activities, and (c) shown, primarily by the results of the TPPase test, that the procedure achieves a meaningful subfractionation of Golgi elements, with GF(1) and GF(3), representing primarily trans-Golgi elements from the secretory Golgi face, and GF(3) consisting largely of cis-Golgi components from the opposite face.
Assessing Impacts of Hydropattern Restoration of an Overdrained Wetland on Soil Nutrients, Vegetation and Fire (2008)

Abstract Restoring hydrology to overdrained wetlands can facilitate restoration of degraded ecosystems. In the northern Everglades, the Rotenberger Wildlife Management Area (RWMA) became a rain‐driven system as historic overland inflows were redirected. Consequently, the soil experienced severe drying, resulting in frequent muck fires, oxidation and a shift in vegetation composition. In July 2001, the RWMA hydropattern restoration began utilizing discharge from Stormwater Treatment Area 5 (STA‐5), a constructed wetland. As a result, predischarge hydroperiods averaging 124 days increased to an average of 183 days. Soil total phosphorus (TP) concentrations in the topsoil layer did not significantly change from predischarge (637 mg/kg) to postdischarge (633 mg/kg) concentrations. Muck fires appear to be the catalyst for rapid alterations in the bioavailability and solubility of P. Prior to muck fires, soil P pools were 88% organic P and 12% inorganic P, shifting to 49% organic P and 51% inorganic P measured after a muck fire. Sawgrass ( Cladium jamaicense , OBL) and Cattail ( Typha domingensis , OBL) cover approximately 75% of the RWMA area as dominant or codominant species. Predischarge vegetation community composition documented obligate (OBL) and facultative wetland (FACW) species, each composing 46% of all species surveyed. Postdischarge vegetation compositions shifted to 59% OBL and 39% FACW species. In addition, there were significant elevations in tissue nutrient concentrations, TP, and total nitrogen, between pre‐ and postdischarge samples. An adaptive management approach to inflow and outflow operations will be an important part of successful wetland restoration.
<i>Plasmodium</i> Telomeric Sequences: Structure, Stability and Quadruplex Targeting by Small Compounds (2008)

The increasing resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to the most commonly used antimalarial drugs makes it necessary to identify new therapeutic targets. The telomeres of the parasite could constitute an attractive target. They are composed of repetitions of a degenerate motif ((5')GGGTTYA(3'), where Y is T or C), different from the human one ((5')GGGTTA(3')). In this report we investigate the possibility of targeting Plasmodium telomeres with G-quadruplex ligands. Through solution hybridisation assays we provide evidence of the existence of a telomeric 3' G-overhang in P. falciparum genomic DNA. Through UV spectroscopy studies we demonstrate that stable G-quadruplex structures are formed at physiological temperature by sequences composed of the degenerate Plasmodium telomeric motif. Through a FRET melting assay we show stabilisation of Plasmodium telomeric G-quadruplexes by a variety of ligands. Many of the tested ligands display strong quadruplex versus duplex selectivity, but show little discrimination between human and Plasmodium telomeric quadruplexes.
Nanomaterial-incorporated blown bubble films for large-area, aligned nanostructures (2008)

Developing flexible and scalable methods for controlled assembly of nanomaterials remains a critical challenge in nanotechnology. In this article, we review the progress in assembly of nanostructures with a focus on the recently reported method utilizing a bubble expansion process to align one-dimensional nanostructures embedded in blown bubble films. This approach is general and enables efficient assembly of a variety of nanomaterials over large areas on both rigid and flexible substrates, with good control on the orientation and density. The basic blown bubble film process, generality, mechanism, unique characteristics, and potential applications are discussed.
Peroxide‐controlled degradation of polypropylene using a tetra‐functional initiator (2009)

Abstract The purpose of this work is to evaluate a new tetra‐functional peroxide initiator and offer comparisons with a di‐functional peroxide commonly used in the production of controlled‐rheology polypropylene (CRPP) resins. CRPP resins have been produced by reactive processing in a batch mixer by using various equivalent amounts of a tetra‐functional and a conventional di‐functional peroxide at two different temperatures. At a lower processing temperature (200°C), the chain length of CRPP decreases with increasing initiator concentration of the di‐functional initiator, while in the case of tetra‐functional initiator system, the change of chain length is larger than that in the di‐functional initiator system. At a higher temperature (230°C), the observation is reversed. The molecular weight reduction increases with initiator concentration level for the tetra‐functional initiator, while the di‐functional initiator causes larger reduction in the molecular weight without any obvious relation to the initiator concentration level. Rheological measurements show results consistent with those from gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The observations are explained based on the competition between chain scission and chain extension caused by the single and multiple radicals generated from the initiators. No evidence of architectural change in the CRPP molecules such as branching and crosslinking has been observed in both GPC and rheological measurements. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2009. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Conditional partial order graphs and dynamically reconfigurable control synthesis (2008)

The paper introduces a new formal model for specifying control paths in the context of asynchronous system design. The model, called Conditional Partial Order Graph (CPOG), is capable of capturing concurrency and choice in a system's behaviour in a compact and efficient way. A problem of CPOG synthesis is formulated and solved; various CPOG optimisation techniques are presented.
von Willebrand disease: an update in the Åland islandsSummary of a Nordic Symposium on von Willebrand disease, 24–25 September 1998, Mariehamn, Åland (1999)

In the past decades von Willebrand disease (vWD) has, in several respects, fallen into the shadow of classical haemophilia due to all problems that have faced those dealing with congenital bleeding disorders, not least regarding blood-borne diseases. The time has come to revisit and refocus on vWD, probably the most common bleeding disorder. Accordingly, a number of Nordic physicians and scientists working in this field organized a meeting on the ferry boat from Stockholm to Mariehamn, in the Aland islands, the home of the index families with this disease, as described by Erik von Willebrand in 1926. The objective of the meeting was to make a comprehensive survey of vWD as seen from the situation in the Nordic countries. In order to achieve all goals some scientists of note from countries outside the Nordic area were invited as well. This paper gives a summary of the symposium, mainly based on the separate papers published in this issue.
Measurement of a modulated DFB laser spectrum using gated delayed self-homodyne technique (1988)

The mixing of a modulated DFB laser with a CW local oscillator can be achieved with a single laser by using a gated modulation technique combined with an appropriate optical delay. Frequency chirp measurements up to ±22 GHz are demonstrated using this technique.
Intra- and Interdimeric Caspase-8 Self-Cleavage Controls Strength and Timing of CD95-Induced Apoptosis (2014)

Apoptosis in response to the ligand CD95L (also known as Fas ligand) is initiated by caspase-8, which is activated by dimerization and self-cleavage at death-inducing signaling complexes (DISCs). Previous work indicated that the degree of substrate cleavage by caspase-8 determines whether a cell dies or survives in response to a death stimulus. To determine how a death ligand stimulus is effectively translated into caspase-8 activity, we assessed this activity over time in single cells with compartmentalized probes that are cleaved by caspase-8 and used multiscale modeling to simultaneously describe single-cell and population data with an ensemble of single-cell models. We derived and experimentally validated a minimal model in which cleavage of caspase-8 in the enzymatic domain occurs in an interdimeric manner through interaction between DISCs, whereas prodomain cleavage sites are cleaved in an intradimeric manner within DISCs. Modeling indicated that sustained membrane-bound caspase-8 activity is followed by transient cytosolic activity, which can be interpreted as a molecular timer mechanism reflected by a limited lifetime of active caspase-8. The activation of caspase-8 by combined intra- and interdimeric cleavage ensures weak signaling at low concentrations of CD95L and strongly accelerated activation at higher ligand concentrations, thereby contributing to precise control of apoptosis.
Photodimerisation und Adduktbildung von Xanthen‐Derivaten (1976)

Abstract Um die durch Photolyse entstehenden Spaltprodukte von parasympatholytisch wirkenden Xanthen‐9‐carbonsäureester‐Derivaten durch Modellverbindungen identifizieren zu können, versuchten wir die Herstellung von Hydroxydixanthen nach Schönberg und Mustafa . Das Produkt erwies sich aber als ein Addukt dreier Komponenten. Die drei Verbindungen sind: 9,9′‐Dixanthen und sein 9‐Hydroxy‐, bzw. 9,9′‐Dihydroxy‐Derivat. Sie bilden ein 1:1:1‐Addukt. Eine einfache Synthese des Adduktes, sowie die DC‐, bzw. SC‐Trennungen und DC‐Kontrolle der Komponenten werden angegeben.
Utility of the Proximal Jet Width in the Assessment of Regurgitant and Stenotic Orifices—Effect of Low Velocity Filter and Comparison to Actual Vena Contracta Width: anIn Vitro and Numerical Study☆, ☆☆ (2000)

The VCW is related to regurgitant or stenotic lesion severity, and the CDPJW is an approximation of the VCW. The CDPJW closely resembles the actual VCW only at optimally chosen LVF settings. LVF settings can have a significant impact on the accuracy of the CDPJW. Inter mediate filter settings remove unnecessary background noise while maintaining actual flow regions, thereby providing the best agreement between the CDPJW and the VCW. If treatment decisions are to be based on these measurements, understanding such dependencies becomes quite important.
Enterprise-Grade Wireless (2005)

We have been working in the wireless space in one form or another in excess of 10 years and have participated in every phase of its maturation process. We saw wireless progress from a toy technology before the dot-com boom, to something truly promising during the boom, only to be left wanting after the bubble when the technology was found to be not ready for prime time. Fortunately, it appears that we have finally reached the point where the technology and the enterprise’s expectations have finally converged.
Immunotherapy of Human Cancers Using Gene Modified T Lymphocytes (2009)

Adoptive T cell therapies can produce objective clinical responses in patients with hematologic and solid malignancies. Genetic manipulation of T lymphocytes has been proposed as a means of increasing the potency and range of this anti-tumor activity. We now review how coupling expression of transgenic receptors with countermeasures against potent tumor immune evasion strategies is proving highly effective in pre-clinical models and describe how these approaches are being evaluated in human subjects.
A Gene of <i>Synechocystis</i> sp. Strain PCC 6803 Encoding a Novel Iron Transporter (2000)

A mutant of Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 disrupted for sll1878 exhibited greatly reduced Fe(3+) transport activity. The K(m) value of sll1878-dependent Fe(3+) transport in cells grown in iron-replete medium was 0.5 microM. Both the maximal rate and K(m) value were increased in iron-starved cells.
Petrogenesis of Ultramafic Rocks from the Ultrahigh-pressure Metamorphic Kimi Complex in Eastern Rhodope (NE Greece) (2008)

Widespread bodies of garnet–spinel metaperidotites with pyroxenitic layers occur in the ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic Kimi Complex. In this study we address the origin of such peridotite–pyroxenite associations in the context of polybaric melting regimes. We conduct a detailed geochemical investigation of major and trace element relations and compare them with a range of major element modelling scenarios. With increasing bulk-rock MgO content, the garnet–spinel metaperidotites exhibit decreasing CaO, Al_(2)O_3, TiO_2, and Na_(2)O along with increasing Ni and a gradually increasing Zr/Zr* anomaly, consistent with an origin as residues after variable degrees of melt extraction. The major element modelling further suggests a polybaric adiabatic decompression melting regime beginning at high to ultrahigh pressure, with an intermediate character between pure batch and fractional melting and a mean extent of melting of 9–11%. The pyroxenites exhibit major element compositions that cannot be reproduced by experimental or calculated melts of peridotite. Moreover, the Kimi pyroxenites have highly variable Ni and Sc contents and a wide range of Mg-number (0·76–0·89), inconsistent with an origin as frozen melts or the products of melt–peridotite interaction. However, both the major element systematics and the observed rare earth element patterns, with both convex and concave shapes, can be explained by an origin as clinopyroxene-rich, high-pressure cumulates involving garnet and/or Cr-spinel.
Using published bid/ask curves to error dress spot electricity price forecasts (2018)

Accurate forecasts of electricity spot prices are essential to the daily operational and planning decisions made by power producers and distributors. Typically, point forecasts of these quantities suffice, particularly in the Nord Pool market where the large quantity of hydro power leads to price stability. However, when situations become irregular, deviations on the price scale can often be extreme and difficult to pinpoint precisely, which is a result of the highly varying marginal costs of generating facilities at the edges of the load curve. In these situations it is useful to supplant a point forecast of price with a distributional forecast, in particular one whose tails are adaptive to the current production regime. This work outlines a methodology for leveraging published bid/ask information from the Nord Pool market to construct such adaptive predictive distributions. Our methodology is a non-standard application of the concept of error-dressing, which couples a feature driven error distribution in volume space with a non-linear transformation via the published bid/ask curves to obtain highly non-symmetric, adaptive price distributions. Using data from the Nord Pool market, we show that our method outperforms more standard forms of distributional modeling. We further show how such distributions can be used to render `warning systems' that issue reliable probabilities of prices exceeding various important thresholds.
Lattice-based Indexing for Spontaneous Mandarin Speech (2010)

摘要: 对汉语自然对话语音索引问题进行了研究. 比较了不同单元格的识别和检索性能, 提出不同单元格的转换方法、格间的融合方法以及格内节点与边的合并方法. 格转换实现了识别单元和索引单元的分离, 词格转换得到的无调音节格将品质因数(Figure of merit, FOM)从基线系统的69.2%提高到73.7%; 格间融合综合利用多个格的信息, 将FOM进一步提高到78.6%; 格内合并对格进行了有效的压缩, 使其可应用于海量语音检索. 关键词: 语音检索 / 语音索引 / 后验概率格 / 索引单元
Novel nanostructures for light: photonic crystals (2004)

Recent progresses in photonic crystals, which are novel nanostructures for light, are explained. Spontaneous emission control by 3D photonic crystals, novel 2D photonic crystal laser, and ultrasmall photonic device based on in-plane hetero photonic crystals are explained.
Products from Vegetable Oils: Two Examples (1996)

Vegetable oils serve various Industrial applications such as plasticizers, emulsifiers, surfactants, plastics and resins. Research and development approaches may take advantage of natural properties of the oils. More often it is advantageous to modify those properties for specific applications. One example is the preparation of ink vehicles using vegetable oils in the absence of petroleum. They are cost competitive with petroleum-based inks with similar quality factors. Vegetable oils have potential as renewable sources of fuels for the diesel engine. However, several characteristics can restrict their use. These include poor cold-engine startup, misfire and for selected fuels, high pour point and cloud point temperatures. Other characteristics include incomplete combustion causing carbon buildup, lube oil dilution and degradation, and elevated NOx emissions. Precombustion and fuel quality data are presented as a tool for understanding and solving these operational and durability problems.
The Maillard Hypothesis on Aging: Time to Focus on DNA (2002)

Aging is the outcome of the contest between chemistry and biology in living systems. Chronic, cumulative chemical modifications compromise the structure and function of biomolecules throughout the body. Proteins with long life spans serve as cumulators of exposure to chemical damage, which is detectable in the form of advanced glycation and lipoxidation end products (AGEs, ALEs); amino acids modified by reactive oxygen, chlorine, and nitrogen species; and deamidated and racemized amino acids. Not all of these modifications are oxidative in nature, although oxidative reactions are an important source of age-related damage. Measurements of AGEs and ALEs in proteins are useful for assessing the rate and extent of Maillard reaction damage, but it is the damage to the genome that undoubtedly has the greatest effect on the viability of the organism. The extent of genomic damage represents a balance between the rate of modification and the rate and fidelity of repair. Damage to DNA accumulates not in the form of modified nucleic acids, but as chemically "silent" errors in repair-insertions, deletions, substitutions, transpositions, and inversions in DNA sequences-that affect the expression and structure of proteins. These mutations are random, vary from cell to cell, and are passed forward from one cell generation to another. Although they are not detectable in DNA by conventional analytical techniques, purines and pyrimidines modified by Maillard reaction intermediates may be detectable in urine, and studies on these compounds should provide insight into the role of Maillard reactions of DNA in aging and disease.