gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lipid composition of seven APTT reagents in relation to heparin sensitivity (1999)

The phospholipid content of different activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) reagents was determined and compared to heparin sensitivity. The seven reagents included were those most widely used amongst participants of the U.K. National External Quality Assessment Scheme (NEQAS) at the time of study. Heparin sensitivity was assessed using the APTT ratios obtained by more than 300 NEQAS participants on five plasmas prepared from patients receiving unfractionated heparin. The concentrations of three neutral lipids and six phospholipids present in the seven APTT reagents were determined by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and densitometry. Both the concentrations and the relative percentages of individual phospholipid components varied markedly between reagents. The total phospholipid concentration included a 12-fold range from 16 to 205 microgram/ml. Phosphatidylserine (PS) was completely lacking from one reagent prepared from vegetable material and ranged from 3 to 22 microgram/ml in the other six reagents containing extracts from animal tissue. The concentration of phosphatidylcholine ranged from 3 to 109 microgram/ml. There was no demonstrable relationship between the concentration of any individual lipid components and heparin sensitivity. However, the relative percentage phospholipid composition was important since a lower % of PS or phosphatidylinositol (PI) correlated with increasing heparin sensitivity.
Bending and elongation effects on the random packing of curved spherocylinders (2012)

Studies on the macroscopic and microscopic packing properties of nonconvex particles are scarce. As a common concave form, the curved spherocylinder is used in the simulations, and its bending and elongation effects on the random packings are investigated numerically with sphere assembly models and a relaxation algorithm. The aspect ratio is demonstrated to be the main factor regarding the packing density. However, at certain aspect ratios of low densities around 0.3-0.4, the density of curved spherocylinders may increase by 15% more than that of the straight ones, indicating that bending is also a contributor to the packing density. The excluded volume of the curved spherocylinder decreases with the increase of the bending angle, indicating that the excluded volume is applicable in explaining the bending effect on the packing density variation of nonconvex particles. The packings are verified to be randomly distributed in orientation with no significant layering or in-plane order. The local arrangements are further analyzed from the radial distribution function and contact results. The results show that the random packings of nonconvex particles have significant differences and richer characteristics on both the macroscopic and microscopic properties compared with convex objects.
Ueber die Einwirkung des <i>o</i>‐Nitrobenzylchlorids auf Phenylhydrazin (1892)

o-Nitrobeuzylchlorid wirkt, wie L e l l m a n n ' ) zuerst gezeigt hat, auf primare, aromatische Amine in der Weise ein, class, je nach dem Mengenrerhaltniss zwischen Chlorid und Base, ein oder beide Aminwasseratoffe durch den o-Nitrobenzylrest CS Hs
A new type of whole oil-based drilling fluid (2014)

To meet the demand of ultra-deep well drilling and shale gas well drilling, organic clay and a oil-based filtrate reducer were developed and a whole oil-based drilling fluid formula was optimized. The performance of organic clay, oil-based filtrate reducer and the whole oil-based drilling fluid were evaluated in laboratory, and the whole oil-based drilling fluid was applied in drilling process for further test of its performance. Long carbon chain quaternary ammonium salt was used as modifying agents when synthesizing organobentonites. Oil-based filtrate reducer was synthesized with monomers of lignite and amine class. The laboratory tests show that the organic clay can effectively increase the viscosity of oil-based drilling fluid and the oil-based filtrate reducer can reduce the fluid loss. Their performances were better than additives of the same kind at home and abroad. The organic clay and oil-based filtrate reducer had great compatibility with the other additives in oil-based drilling fluid. Based on the optimal additives addition amount tests, the whole oil-based drilling fluid formula was determined and the test results show that the performances of the whole oil-based drilling fluids with various densities were great. The laboratory tests show that the oil-based drilling fluid developed was high temperature resistant, even at 200 °C, as density varies from 0.90 to 2.0 g/cm3, it still held good performance with only a little fluid loss, good inhibition, great anti-pollution, and good reservoir protection performance. Field application result shows that the performance of the oil-based drilling fluid is stable with great ability to maintain wellbore stability and lower density than the water-based drilling fluid; drilling bits can be used much longer and the average penetration rate is increased; the oil-based drilling fluid can satisfy the drilling requirements.
CyberX:A Biologically-inspired Platform for Cyber Trust Management (2012)

Today numerous infrastructure assets remain alarmingly susceptible to advanced, targeted cyber attacks. There is a need to construct trustworthy high-quality protection and defense solutions capable of securing such valuable assets. In our work, we realize such cyber trust through trace-resistant mo
The effects of material type on concretion formation: A case study of the HMS Pandora (1999)

Increasingly marine archaeology is putting more effort into the ecological studies of a site. This is to determine the range and nature of the formation processes, which have left it in its present condition. Concretions are one of the major formation processes that can occur on a site. They are in direct contact with the wreck and its individual artefacts. They have the potential to provide information on a number of aspects concerning a ship wreck, including the local environment, the artefacts material type and the other formation processes operating on a site. This paper is part of an honours thesis undertaken at James Cook University. It examines whether the material, upon which the concretion was based, has influenced its development. If there are differences, it may be possible to find ways of determining what type of artefact exists below a concretion before its removal.
Computer Prediction of Possible Toxic Action from Chemical Structure; The DEREK System (1991)

1. The development of DEREK, a computer-based expert system (derived from the LHASA chemical synthesis design program) for the qualitative prediction of possible toxic action of compounds on the basis of their chemical structure is described. 2. The system is able to perceive chemical sub-structures within molecules and relate these to a rulebase linking the sub-structures with likely types of toxicity. 3. Structures can be drawn in directly at a computer graphics terminal or retrieved automatically from a suitable in-house database. 4. The system is intended to aid the selection of compounds based on toxicological considerations, or separately to indicate specific toxicological properties to be tested for early in the evaluation of a compound, so saving time, money and some laboratory animals and resources.
A genetic algorithm approach to vehicle routing problem with time deadlines in geographical information systems (2003)

This paper treats a vehicle routing problem, called VRPTD, in an object-oriented geospatial information system (GIS). A scheme to construct a traffic network in the GIS is presented and then a genetic algorithm based approach to solve it approximately is proposed. Experimental evaluation shows the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Electrochemistry of a lithium electrode in lithium polysulfide solutions (2008)

The effect of lithium polysulfides on the cycling of a lithium electrode and the corrosion rate of lithium cathodic deposits in sulfolane electrolytes is studied. Lithium polysulfides are found to affect the shape of polarization curves, the overpotential of electrode processes, and the cycling time. The presence of lithium polysulfides in electrolyte systems increases the cycling time of a lithium electrode and positively affects the quality of lithium cathodic deposits. A suggested reason for the positive effect of lithium polysulfides is the appearance of a surface film on metallic lithium: this film has quite high protective properties but does not inhibit electrochemical processes.
Why Transformation Efforts Fail (1996)

The Heart of Change In some eras, stability matters. Businesses are preoccupied with consolidating their positions. But today’s economic environment is turbulent, and companies of all kinds must either change or die. Yet, people still fi nd change diffi cult. Most people don’t do it well because they have never had a successful change experience. Too often, managers try to instigate change with appeals to reason – with reports, spreadsheets, budgets, plans or mission statements. But these tactics cannot create the widespread sense of urgency organizations need to alter their course. Instead, the “heart of change” resides in the heart itself – the emotions of individual employees. Only deep feelings can motivate people to change familiar behavior, and only individual behavioral changes can drive organizational change. Changes in vision, systems, products and culture all have their roots in behavioral change. Step One: “Increase Urgency” So, how do you reach the heart to create a sense of urgency? A story or artifact that demonstrates the problem works better than endless explanation. One vivid, creative and inexpensive demonstration constructed by a frustrated manufacturing company manager provides a good illustration. The company had no central purchasing system or policy; instead, each factory bought its own supplies. Convinced that this was a waste of money, the manager asked a summer intern to fi nd out what kinds of gloves each factory used and how much they cost. The manager knew things were bad, but he was astonished to discover that the factories used 424 different kinds of gloves, which they purchased for prices ranging from less than $5 to more than $15 per pair. Next, the intern obtained a sample of each glove and sorted the samples into categories by price and division. “The heart of change is in the emotions. The fl ow of see-feelchange is more powerful than that of analysisthink-change.” “The emotions that undermine change include anger, false pride, pessimism, arrogance, cynicism, panic, exhaustion, insecurity and anxiety. The facilitating emotions include faith, trust, optimism, urgency, reality-based pride, passion, excitement, hope and enthusiasm.”
Antagonizing c-Cbl Enhances EGFR-Dependent Corneal Epithelial Homeostasis (2014)

Manipulating the duration of EGFR activity can enhance the rate of restoration of the corneal epithelial layer. Based on our findings, c-Cbl is a new therapeutic target to enhance EGFR-mediated corneal epithelial homeostasis that bypasses the limitations of previous approaches.
Semiconductor quantum dots: synthesis and water-solubilization for biomedical applications (2008)

This information may facilitate the research to create new materials/technologies for future clinical applications.
Urogastrone Levels in the Urine of Normal Adult Humans (1977)

Urogastrone is a potent inhibitor of gastric acid secretion isolated from human urine and it is structurally related to and shares the properties of a potent mitogen-mouse epidermal growth factor. The amounts of urogastrone in 24 h normal human urine samples were measured using a specific and sensitive radioimmunoassay. Values varied from 120--1360 ng/kg/24 h but a significant difference (2P less than 0.005) was observed between urine samples from men (602 +/- 41 SE, n = 39) and women (782 +/- 44 SE, n = 33). A series of 24 h urine collections from male and female volunteers showed that wide variations could occur over a 4 week period in the individual output of urogastrone. Levels from women did not show variations that could be related to the stage of the menstrual cycle.
Comb‐Shaped Glycopolymer/Peptide Bioconjugates by Combination of RAFT Polymerization and Thiol‐Ene “Click” Chemistry (2012)

Comb-shaped glycopolymer/peptide bioconjugates are constructed by grafting reduced glutathione (GSH) onto acrylate-functional block glycocopolymers via thiol-ene click chemistry. In aqueous solution, the glycopolymer/GSH bioconjugate self-assembles to sugar-installed spherical micelles. The size of micelles decreases with increasing pH, demonstrating pH-responsive character. The isoelectric point (IEP) of the PMAGlc/GSH bioconjugate is estimated to be 3.43. The micelles show a specific interaction with the protein Concanavalin A. At endosomal pH, the PMAGlc/GSH bioconjugate can gradually degrade. These pH-responsive glycopolymer/peptide micelles with biological recognition and degradation can be used as multifunctional nanocarriers for targeted drug delivery.
A three-port high step-up DC-DC converter for PV system (2013)

The battery charger and the high step-up isolated DC-DC converter can be combined in a single unit with the three-port converter topology. In the proposed converter, renewable energy sources, the battery and high voltage output are combined together, and renewable energy sources and battery are low voltage parts isolated with high voltage output. In order to control energy transfer path, three working modes are introduced. PWM and phase-shifted control are employed to transfer energy to high voltage output or battery. A 250W prototype is built. Effectiveness of the proposed topology is verified by experimental results.
EL TEMPERAMENTO DEL SOL Y LA VIDA TERRESTRE (1978)

LA MAGNETOSFERA , ESPACIO CIRCUNTERRESTRE DOMINADO POR EL CAMPO MAGNETICO DE LA TIERRA QUE SE EXTIENDE COMO LA CAUDA DE UN COMETA, PROTEGE EN GRAN MEDIDA A LA VIDA PLANETARIA DE LOS EFECTOS NOCIVOS DEL TEMPERAMENTO DEL SOL. LA ATMOSFERA TERRESTRE COMPLEMENTA ESTE DELICADO PROCESO DE ABSORCION DE LAS PARTICULAS DE ALTA ENERGIA, PROTONES EN SU MAYORIA, QUE EL SOL EMITE EN FORMA DE HACES A VELOCIDADES MEDIAS DE TRES MIL A TREINTA MIL KILOMETROS POR SEGUNDO Y CUYO EFECTO, SEMEJANTE AL DE LA RADIOACTIVIDAD, IMPEDIRIA EL ESTABLECIMIENTO DE LA VIDA ORGANICA, TAL COMO SE CONOCE, EN LA VIDA TERRESTRE. ESTOS DESCUBRIENTOS CIENTIFICOS DE ACTUALIDAD, FUERON VERTIDOS POR LA DOCTORA DEL INSTITUTO DE GEOFISICA (IGF), QUIEN EN 1962 FUNDARA EL DEPARTAMENTO DE ESTUDIOS ESPACIALES DE ESTE INSTITUTO, E INAUGURARA ESTA CATEDRA EN LA FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS (FCYA), AL REFERIRSE A LA ACTIVIDAD DE DICHO DEPARTAMENTO Y PUNTUALIZAR LA INFORMACION QUE, SOBRE EL XXI CONGRESO DEL COMITE INTERNACIONAL ESPACIAL, FUE PUBLICADA EN LA GACETA UNAM DEL 20 DE JULIO DE 1978.
Rate-distortion optimized spatial scalability for DCT-based video coding (1999)

Summary form only given. We present our work on rate-distortion (RD) optimized spatial scalability for MC-DCT based video coding. Extending our work on RD optimized coding from the single layered to the multi-layered framework, we incorporate the additional inter-layer coding dependencies present in a multilayered framework into the set of permissible coding parameters. We employ the Lagrangian rate-distortion functional as it provides an elegant framework for determining the optimal choice of motion vectors, coding modes, and quantized coefficient levels by weighting a distortion term against a resulting rate term. We obtain a simple relationship between the Lagrangian parameter /spl lambda/, that controls rate-distortion tradeoffs, and the reference and enhancement layer quantization parameters QP, to allow the RD optimized framework to work easily in conjunction with rate control techniques that control the average bit rate by adjusting the quantization parameters. We then incorporate these relationships into our coder and generate two-layer bit streams with both the non-RD optimized coder and the RD optimized coder. We also generate RD optimized single-layer bit streams with the same resolution as the second layer of the two-layer bit streams. For the two-layer bit streams, we obtain a 0.6 to 1.4 dB improvement in PSNR by using RD optimization in both the base and enhancement layers. Compared to the single-layer bit stream, RD optimization in both the base and enhancement layers causes the decrease in PSNR to be reduced from 1.1 to 1.7 dB, to 0.3 to 0.5 dB.
Role of Insulin in the Pathogenesis of Free Fatty Acid-Induced Insulin Resistance in Skeletal Muscle (2007)

Insulin resistance is a pathophysiological link of obesity to type 2 diabetes. The initial cause of insulin resistance is critical for prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes. Lipotoxicity is a well-known concept in the explanation of initiation of insulin resistance. Although there are several prevailing hypotheses about the cellular/molecular mechanisms of lipotoxicity, such as inflammation, oxidative stress, hyperinsulinemia, and ER stress, the relative importance of these hypothesized events remains to be determined. The role of hyperinsulinemia is relatively under documented in the literature for the initiation of insulin resistance. In this review, an interaction of fatty acid and beta-cells, and a synergy between free fatty acids (FFAs) and insulin are emphasized for the role of hyperinsulinemia. This article presents the evidence about FFA-induced insulin secretion in vitro and in vivo, recent advances in the molecular mechanism of FFA action in beta-cells, a role of GPR40 in the development of insulin resistance, and the negative feedback loop of the insulin receptor signal pathway. The negative feedback loop is discussed in detail with a focus on IRS-1 serine kinases. This article provides a substantial support for the role of insulin in the early stages of FFA-associated insulin resistance. The hypothesis of insulin's role in lipotoxicity is referred to as the "insulin hypothesis" in this review. According to this hypothesis, prevention of increased beta-cell response to glucose may be a potential approach for early intervention of metabolic syndrome.
The Politics of the Trilogy Form: Lucía, the Oresteia and The Godfather (1995)

I recall years ago reading an interview with Bertold Brecht in which the interviewer asked Brecht whether he thought his work would be read in a hundred years. Brecht’s reply was something like, “That depends who wins.” At an historical moment when the apparently triumphant voices of self-appointed pundits and mysteriously funded “think-tanks” are proclaiming both the cultura and political failure of the Cuban Revolution, I think it is appropriate to recall one of the true masterpieces created by the Cuban Revolution, the film Lucia. I speak of the film as “created by the revolution” not in any disparagement of the extraordinary contributions of the director Humberto Solas and his collaborators, but because -as I hope will become clear from my analysis- I believe that many of the film’s most striking formal features are unimaginable outside the context of a successful revolution.
Calibration and performance evaluation of a 3-D imaging sensor based on the projection of structured light (2000)

In this paper, the procedure developed to calibrate a whole-field optical profilometer and the evaluation of the measurement performance of the system are presented. The sensor is based on the projection of structured light and on active triangulation. The dependence of the measurements on the geometric parameters of the system is shown, as well as the criterion to calibrate the system. From the extensive set or experiments carried out to evaluate the measurement performance, good linearity has been observed, and an overall mean value of the measurement error equal to 40 /spl mu/m, with a variability of about /spl plusmn/35 /spl mu/m has been estimated.
The regenerative nidi of the locust midgut as a model to study epithelial cell differentiation from stem cells (2006)

A better knowledge of the regulatory mechanisms involved in stem cell proliferation and/or differentiation could reveal new methods for the treatment of some diseases. Most previous studies in the field of stem cell biology have been carried out on cultured isolated cells. In the case of adult tissue stem cells, mesenchymal bone marrow derived cells have been most widely studied, while the undifferentiated stem cells present in the epithelial tissues are less known. In order to advance further our understanding of epithelial tissue stem cells, new in vivo models are required. The present study focuses on the dynamics of a new and simple model of intestinal epithelial regeneration found in the midgut of the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria (Linnaeus 1758). The locust midgut consists of three cell types: columnar cells, endocrine cells and undifferentiated regenerative clustered cells. The undifferentiated epithelial midgut cells give rise to two other cell types and are located in a nest of regenerative cells known as regenerative niche. We have performed single and continuous bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) administration experiments to study regeneration niches and their cellular dynamics. Immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence techniques were used to detect the incorporation of BrdU into regenerative niches and the presence of FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity, as a marker for endocrine cell differentiation. Some isolated label retaining cells (LRC) were observed at the niche base 10-15 days after the final BrdU administration. We propose that these cells are the stem cells of this epithelial tissue. We also calculated the length of the cell cycle phases for a subpopulation of transit amplifying cells within the regenerative niche: G1, 2.5+/-0.5 h; S, 5.5+/-0.5 h; G2, 0.75+/-0.25 h; M, 2.5+/-0.5 h. These amplifying cells will give rise to the columnar epithelial non-endocrine lineage. The differentiation of an endocrine cell from a niche stem cell occurs less frequently and thus leads to a lower proportion of endocrine cells as compared with epithelial columnar digestive cells (up to three endocrine cells per niche). Endocrine cell commitment seems to occur very early in the differentiation process within the niche, as double-labelled BrdU and FMRF endocrine cells have never been found. The only exception is the endocrine cells located in the ampullar region of the midgut, some of which show double immunostaining after long-term chronic BrdU injection. In summary, we have characterized a new and simple animal model of epithelial stem cell regeneration that may be useful for understanding the complex biological process that drives tissue renewal from undifferentiated and uncommitted progenitor cells.
Fuzzy Intelligence [Editor's Remarks] (2008)

Presents the editorial for this issue of the publication.
Enzymatic formation of C-terminal amides (1999)

R. Kulathila, K. A. Merkler and D. J. Merkler, Nat. Prod. Rep., 1999, 16, 145 DOI: 10.1039/A801346B
Three-Dimensional Holography with “Lensless” Fourier-Transform Holograms and Coarse P/N Polaroid Film* (1965)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text G. W. Stroke, D. Brumm, and A. Funkhouser, "Three-Dimensional Holography with "Lensless" Fourier-Transform Holograms and Coarse P/N Polaroid Film*," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 55, 1327-1328 (1965) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article