gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Morphine Tolerance in Mice Changes Response of Heroin from mu to delta Opioid Receptors (2000)

Heroin produced antinociception in the tail flick test through mu receptors in the brain of ICR and CD-1 mice, a response inhibited by 3-O-methylnaltrexone. Tolerance to morphine was produced by subcutaneous morphine pellet implantation. By the third day, the heroin response was produced through delta opioid receptors. The response was inhibited by simultaneous intracerebroventricular (i.c. v.) administration of naltrindole, a delta opioid receptor antagonist. More specifically, delta1 rather than delta2 receptors were involved because 7-benzylidenenaltrexone, a delta1 receptor antagonist, inhibited but naltriben, a delta2 antagonist, did not. Also, antinociception produced by i.c.v. heroin was inhibited by intrathecal administration of bicuculline and picrotoxin consistent with the concept that delta1 receptors in the brain mediated the antinociceptive response through descending neuronal pathways to the spinal cord to activate GABAA and GABAB receptors rather than spinal alpha2-adrenergic and serotonergic receptors activated originally by the mu agonist action in naive mice. The mu response of 6-monoacetylmorphine, a metabolite of heroin, was changed by morphine pellet implantation to a delta2 response (inhibited by naltriben but not 7-benzylidenenaltrexone). The agonist action of morphine in these morphine-tolerant mice remained mu. Thus, the opioid receptor selectivity of heroin and 6-monoacetylmorphine in the brain is changed by production of tolerance to morphine. Such a change explains how morphine tolerant mice are not cross-tolerant to heroin.
Fabrication of multi-electrode array platforms for neuronal interfacing with bi-layer lift-off resist sputter deposition (2013)

We report a bi-layer lift-off resist (LOR) technique in combination with sputter deposition of silicon dioxide (SiO2) as a new passivation method in the fabrication of a multi-electrode array (MEA). Using the photo-insensitive LOR as a sacrificial bottom layer and the negative photoresist as a patterning top layer, and performing low-temperature sputter deposition of SiO2 followed by lift-off, we could successfully fabricate damage-free indium-tin oxide (ITO) and Au MEA. The bi-layer LOR sputter deposition processed Au MEA showed an impedance value of 6 × 105 Ω (at 1 kHz), with good consistency over 60 electrodes. The passivation performance of the bi-layer LOR sputter-deposited SiO2 was tested by electrodepositing Au nanoparticles (NPs) on the Au electrode, resulting in the well-confined and uniformly coated Au NPs. The bi-layer LOR sputter deposition processed ITO, Au, and Au NP-modified MEAs were evaluated and found to have a neuronal spike recording capability at a single unit level, confirming the validity of the bi-layer LOR sputter deposition as an effective passivation technique in fabrication of a MEA. These results suggest that the damage-free Au MEA fabricated with bi-layer LOR sputter deposition would be a viable platform for screening surface modification techniques that are available in neuronal interfacing.
Electrothermal Methods and ESD Models (2004)

This chapter contains sections titled: Electrothermal Methods Electrothermal Models Problems References
[Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in sarcoma]. (2006)

This document describe s the proposed clinical practices guidelines for neoadjuvant chemotherapy in soft tissue sarcomas proposed by the French Sarcoma Group.Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy remains an experimental therapeutic procedure in soft tissue sarcomas. Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy may be proposed in three different types of situations: 1) a locally advanced tumor, non accessible to R0 or 1 removal of the lesion. Its objective is there to allow for R0 or R1 surgical removal of the tumor. 2) A locally advanced tumor, accessible to R0 or 1 removal of the lesion, but with a mutilating surgery (amputation). Its objective is there to allow for R0 or R1 conservative surgical removal of the tumor. In both situation, the strategy should be discussed beforehand in a multidisciplinary specialized consultation for sarcoma. 3) In the case where complete (R0 or R1) surgical removal of the tumor can be performed, neooadjuvant chemotherapy has no demonstrated role. The only randomized phase III clinical trial testing neo-adjuvant chemotherapy in this setting, i.e. the STBSG 62871 STBSG trial, failed to demonstrate any benefit in terms of overall or progression free survival. The selection of the type of chemotherapy regimen given in the neoadjuvant setting should be discussed in a multidisciplinary setting, considering the age and the general status of the patient; young patients, without associated concomittent illnesses should be proposed for a combined chemotherapy regimen, combining doxorubicin (> or = 50 mg/m2) and ifosfamide (> 5 g/m2) on the basis of randomized trials demonstrating an improvement of response rate versus single agent therapy with doxorubine. In elderly and/or frail patients, conversely, single agent doxorubicin may be the preferred option.
Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Induces Classical Meiotic Maturation in Subpopulations of Atretic Preantral Follicles* (1985)

GnRH has been shown to induce premature meiotic maturation in preantral follicles of the immature estrogen-primed hypophysectomized rat. As these animals are free of circulating gonadotropins and contain large numbers of full-grown oocytes in preantral follicles, we have investigated this model to determine its usefulness in studying meiotic maturation. We show that a maximum dose of the agonist D-Trp6,Pro9,Net-LRF (GnRH-a) induces approximately 25% of full grown oocytes to resume meiosis within a 12-h period. This response is dose dependent (ED50 = 0.24 microgram/rat) and specific for GnRH-a. GnRH-a stimulates germinal vesicle breakdown and first polar body formation within 2 and 8 h, respectively. More than 75% of those oocytes that initiate meiotic maturation reach metaphase II by 15 h. This effect of GnRH parallels the time course of physiological meiotic maturation triggered by LH as well as that of oocytes maturing spontaneously in vitro. Oocytes in primordial and primary follicles do not respond to GnRH. The majority of affected follicles are small tertiary follicles (200-400 micron in diameter) and show signs of atresia. This atresia is not caused by GnRH-a and does not, in itself, result in meiotic maturation, but appears to confer susceptibility to GnRH-a-induced meiotic maturation. Our studies indicate that this animal model will be useful to elucidate further the mechanisms and requirements for meiotic maturation. It will also facilitate investigation of the role of atresia in the GnRH response of tertiary follicles and the issue of follicle heterogeneity within these animals.
Synchronization of Chua's circuits with time-varying channels and parameters (1996)

We study the use of adaptive controllers to maintain the synchronization of two Chua's circuits with time-varying channel and time-varying parameters. Both simulation results and experimental results are provided to verify the operation of the designs.
Total hip replacement (1971)

Realizing the need for a more reliable hip arthroplasty technic, John Charnley of England, in 1958, first used self-curing methyl methacrylate as a "cement" to anchor the acetabular and femoral prosthetic components.
Spatial phase shaping in nonlinear microscopy (2008)

The contrast in nonlinear coherent microscopy is improved by using spatial phase shaping of the incident laser beams. This approach exhibits promising applications for biomedical imaging studies.
Pár poznámek k libretu Dalibora (2009)

Studie o libretu Smetanovy opery Dalibor. Zasazeni opery do
kontextu ceske kultury, proměňujici se oceněni opery a
strukturni analýza libreta.
Invasion of <i>Varroa destructor</i> mites into mite-free honey bee colonies under the controlled conditions of a military training area (2011)

SummaryThe honey bee mite Varroa destructor can be spread between colonies by vertical transmission, particularly when heavily infested colonies are robbed by foraging bees from neighbouring hives. We quantified the invasion of V. destructor into mite free colonies on a military training area not accessible to other beekeepers. Ten “mite receiver colonies” continuously treated against V. destructor were placed at distances of one to 1.5 km from four heavily infested “mite donor colonies”. Over a two month period from August to October, the population of bees, brood, and V. destructor in the donor colonies were estimated at three week intervals and the invasion of V. destructor into the receiver colonies was recorded every 7–12 days. During the experimental period, between 85 and 444 mites per colony were introduced into the receiver colonies. There were no significant differences in the invasion rates in relation to the distance between donor and receiver colonies. In total, 2,029 mites were found in the 10 receiver colonies, but these only correspond to 2.5% of the total mite population in the donor colonies at the start of the experiment. This means that the major part of the initial V. destructor population died together with the collapsed host colonies. Under natural conditions, a more benign behaviour should therefore be an adaptive strategy for V. destructor. From a practical perspective we could show that highly infested honey bee colonies present a substantial risk to already treated colonies up to distances of 1.5 km away.
Even−Odd Alternation of Evaporation Rates and Vapor Pressures of C3−C9 Dicarboxylic Acid Aerosols (2003)

Aliphatic straight-chain dicarboxylic acids have been identified as common water-soluble organic components of atmospheric aerosols. To model the partitioning of such compounds between gas and particle phase in the atmosphere, information about their vapor pressures is essential. In this work, vapor pressures of C3−C9 dicarboxylic acids are derived from measured evaporation rates of submicron aerosols over the temperature range of 290−314 K using the tandem differential mobility analyzer technique. Vapor pressures obtained from the experimental data were as follows: log( , Pa) = − 4822 K/T + 12.9, log( , Pa) = − 7196.8 K/T + 19.8, (296 K) = 6.7 × 10-4 Pa, log( , Pa) = −8065.0 K/T + 22.2, log( , Pa) = −7692.8 K/T + 21.8, log( , Pa) = −9629.4 K/T + 26.5, and log( , Pa) = −7968.7 K/T + 21.7. Vapor pressures of C3−C9 dicarboxylic acids are shown to alternate strongly with the parity of the number of carbon atoms. Higher vapor pressures of the odd acids fit the less stable crystal structure, the propensity of polymorphism in the odd acids, and the evolution of melting temperatures. Results are compared with available literature data.
Editorial Comment (2009)

No AccessJournal of UrologyAdult Urology1 Oct 2009Editorial Comment W. Scott McDougal W. Scott McDougalW. Scott McDougal More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2009.06.116AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Editorial Comment." The Journal of Urology, 182(4), p. 1293 Department of Urology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts© 2009 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 182Issue 4October 2009Page: 1293 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2009 by American Urological AssociationMetrics Author Information W. Scott McDougal More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Toward a university-community-school partnership model - the experience of child development fund (2014)

Version of Record
Surgery in the Treatment of Acute Pancreatitis — Open Pancreatic Necrosectomy (2005)

Management of acute necrotizing pancreatitis has changed significantly over the past years. Early management is non-surgically and solely supportive. Today, more patients survive the early phase of severe pancreatitis due to improvements of intensive-care-medicine. Pancreatic infection is the major risk factor with regard to morbidity and mortality in the late phase of severe acute pancreatitis. Whereas early surgery and surgery for sterile necrosis can only be recommended in selected cases, pancreatic infection is a well accepted indication for surgical treatment. Surgery should ideally be postponed until four weeks after the onset of symptoms as necrosis is well demarcated at that time. Four surgical techniques can be performed with comparable results regarding mortality: necrosectomy combined with (1) open packing, (2) planned staged relaparotomies with repeated lavage, (3) closed continuous lavage of the retroperitoneum, and (4) closed packing. However, closed continuous lavage of the retroperitoneum, and closed packing seem to be associated with a lower morbidity compared to the other two approaches. Advances in radiologic imaging, new developments of interventional radiology and other minimal access interventions have revolutionized the management of many surgical conditions over the past decades. However, minimal invasive surgery and interventional therapy for infected necrosis should be limited to specific indications in patients who are critically ill and otherwise unfit for conventional surgery. Open surgical debridement is the "gold standard" for treatment of infected pancreatic and peripancreatic necrosis.
Compound Formation in Alkali Tungstate Systems (1969)

To study compound formation in the systems Li20•W03-WO3, Na2O•W03 WO3 and K20•W03-WO3, x-ray powder diffraction analysis was applied to solid state reaction products of alkali carbonate-W03 mixtures and also to the products obtained by reheating of solidified melts. The following compositions were confirmed to form compounds:Li2O.4V03, Li20.2WO3 and Li2O.4WO3 in the lithium system, Na20•W03, Na20.2W03, Na20.4W03 and Na20.6WO3 in the sodium system, and K20•W03, K20.2W03, K20.3W03, K20.4W03, and K20.6WO.; in the potassium system. I. INTROIDUCTION Alkali tungstates are used as starting materials for alkali tungsten bronzes02&gt;3&gt;4&gt; and other compounds such as silicotungstates4) and fiuorotungstates5). To understand the reactions involved in these and other preparations, phase diagrams and compound formation in alkali tungstate systems are very important, and have been studied by many people with the use of thermal analysis and x-ray diffraction analysis. The most reliable phase diagram was given by Gelsing et al.6&gt; for the potassium tungstate system. They showed the presence of the stable compounds K2WO „ K3W20„
[HIV-1 infection: pathogenesis of immune suppression]. (1988)

Although, in the course of HIV-1-infection, the functional capacities of virtually all immune cells are greatly impaired, only CD4+ cells (antigen-presenting cells, helper T cells) are directly infected by the virus. CD4+ T cells are involved, to a greater or lesser degree, in the induction of virtually all immunologic phenomena, either directly or indirectly. Thus, it is clear that the HIV-1-induced depletion and functional impairment of this critical T cell subset will result in a dysfunction/deficiency of the entire immune system and, finally, in the development of opportunistic infections and neoplasms.
Secondary Emission from Nichrome V, CuBe, and AgMg Alloy Targets Due to Positive Ion Bombardment (1954)

A mass spectrometer ion collector system has been devised for the investigation of secondary electron emission by impact of ions on surfaces. Results are reported for various ions incident on clean, baked (but not atomically clean) surfaces of AgMg, CuBe, and Nichrome V targets. For rare gas isotopic ions it is found that for a given energy ion the value of γ varies approximately inversely with the square root of the mass.
Theory and interpretation of transient photoluminescence measurements (2002)

Results of a series of computer simulations of a transient photoluminescence experiment are presented. It is demonstrated that even in regions where the experimentally obtained decay curves show single exponential behavior, the slopes do not correspond to any single physical carrier lifetime. A series of measurements over a range of intensities is required to extract such parameters.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Preparation and its Chemical Properties of Palladium Complexes with a series of Cycloamine (1985)

We synthesized Pd(II) complexes containing sulfoxide and cycloamine series on the basis of the fact that many workers had the foresight to suggest anticancer activites using Pd(II) complexes with sulfur, nitrogen, or nucleic acid relatives as ligands particulary. The identification and characterization of these complexes are followed; content rates of atoms and molecular weights are confirmed by Elemental Analysis and Mass spectra, bonding of metal and ligands by UV-Vis. spectra and NMR spectra, and donor sites of ligands and configuration of complexes by IR spectra. These are yellow crystals, soluble in methanol and chloroform, and insoluble in H2O and the other common organic solvents
A Low-cost Transparent Electric Field Sensor for 3D Interaction on Mobile Devices (2014)

Honourable Mention Award
Magnetic Multilayer Films for Microwave Filter Application (2006)

The on-chip integration of microwave passive components is an important issue for electronic industry. The use of magnetic thin films in place of bulk materials is the solution to integrate these components. Hence, it is important to know the electromagnetic properties of magnetic thin film and multilayer structures in the microwave range. Network Analyzer based ferromagnetic resonance (NA-FMR) technique was used to measure the stop-band frequencies of the magnetic structures. The aim of the present investigation is to significantly boost the operating frequency of the devices in very low applied magnetic field.
One-flask, consecutive [3,3]- and [2,3]-sigmatropic rearrangements for conversions of propargylic alcohols into 2-carbon-extended 4-oxo-2-alkenoate esters. Use of a new 1-chloro-1-ethoxy-2-sulfinylethylene (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOne-flask, consecutive [3,3]- and [2,3]-sigmatropic rearrangements for conversions of propargylic alcohols into 2-carbon-extended 4-oxo-2-alkenoate esters. Use of a new 1-chloro-1-ethoxy-2-sulfinylethyleneGary H. Posner, Jean Christophe Carry, R. David Crouch, and Neil JohnsonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 25, 6987–6993Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00025a009https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00025a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views291Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
A new control terminal for mobile telephone service (1960)

The l-2 control terminal which is described in this paper, is a basic element in a complete “package” radio system. The system design is building block in nature with only a few building blocks required for a complete operating system that is devoid of frequently unnecessary embellishments. However, additional panels are available where more than the basic functions are required.
Orthopaedic Surgeons and the Medical Device Industry (2010)

the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC), and others to the specific challenges confronting the specialty of orthopaedic surgery.Further, it strives to reconcile the duty and value propositions associated with the orthopaedic surgeon-medical device company relationship, with the persistent risks that are attendant to that relationship, and to develop a new path-one that strives to restore the integrity of scientific investigation and day-today clinical decision making, while providing justification for future physician-industry interaction.To consider the topic in perspective, it is interesting to assess the origins of the current model of physicianindustry interaction as they relate specifically to the issues currently confronting the specialty of orthopaedic surgery.In 1980, novel legislation in the field of intellectual property, the Bayh-Dole Act, for the first time allowed universities and nonprofit organizations to replace the government as the principal beneficiaries of commercial development resulting from basicscience and clinical research.In essence, the act transferred the ownership of discoveries made with the help of
The HMO model and its application. Part 1. Basis and manipulation (Heilbronner, Edgar; Bock, Hans) (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVBook and Media Revie...Book and Media ReviewNEXTThe HMO model and its application. Part 1. Basis and manipulation (Heilbronner, Edgar; Bock, Hans)Richard S. Givens Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 8, A349Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1977Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 August 1977Published inissue 1 August 1977https://doi.org/10.1021/ed054pA349.1RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views167Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (668 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Minimax Estimators and Performance Levels (2008)

In the previous two chapters, in the development of the solutions to the disturbance attenuation problem with imperfect measurements in continuous and discrete time, we have encountered filter equations which resemble the standard Kalman filter when the weighting on the state in the cost function (i.e., Q) is set equal to zero. In this chapter we study such problems directly and show that the appearance of the Kalman filter, or Kalman filter-like structures, is actually not a coincidence. The commonality of the analysis of this chapter with those of the previous ones is again the use of game-theoretic techniques.