gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Purification and Characterization of Urinary Trypsin Inhibitor, UTI68 from Normal Human Urine, and Its Cleavage by Human Uropepsin (1980)

A urinary trypsin inhibitor, UTI68, was purified from the urine of healthy men by the following procedures: treatment of the urine with Celite; treatment on a QAE-Sephadex A-25 column at 33.8 mcm−1; chromatography of UTI on a QAE-Sephadex A-25 column; gelfilitration on a Sephadex G-100 column. The molecular weight of the purified UTI was estimated as 68,000, and so the UTI was named UTI68 The purified UTI was completely free from uropepsinogen (Upg). Since the recovery of UTI68 amounted to 40 to 50 per cent of the total UTI in urine, UTI68 was concluded to be the main UTI in human urine. Another UTI with a molecular weight of 25,000 was named UTI25. However, too little of UTI25 was obtained to permit its further-examination. The purified UTI68 appeared homogeneous on polyacrylamide gel electro-phoresis. UTI68 strongly inhibited the esterolytic and caseinolytic activities of trypsin, and one molecule of UTI68 inhibited four molecules of bovine trypsin. UTI65 also markedly inhibited the esterolytic activity of bovine chymotrypsin, but its inhibitory effect on the Ca seinolytic activity of chymotrypsin was very low (less than 40 per cent). The results of amino acid analysis of UTI68 showed high values of aspartic acid, glutamic -acid, and glycine. The content of half-cystine was also high. UTI65 contained 10 per cent of neutral sugar. Since purified UTI68 was completely free from Upg, it remained intact on incubation for 30 mm at pH 2.0 and 37°C. However, readdition of Upg, which was separated from UTI68 during the purification procedures described above, and incubation of the mixture at pH 2.0 and 37°C, resulted in the modification of UTI68. to another UTI The conversion of UTI68S to another UTI by uropepsin was rapid, and further incubation resulted in a gradual decrease of UTI68 with production of two UTI'S, but finally both UTi activities disappeared. After incubation of UTI68 and Upg for 15 min at pH 2.0, the two reaction products and the remaining UTI68 were separated by QAE-Sephadex A-25 column chromatography, and identified by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The results suggested that UTI68 was cleaved by uropepsin to form two types of UTI, both with a molecular weight of 30,000.
Is equol production beneficial to health? (2010)

The health benefits associated with soya food consumption have been widely studied, with soya isoflavones and soya protein implicated in the protection of CVD, osteoporosis and cancers such as those of the breast and prostate. Equol (7-hydroxy-3-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-chroman), a metabolite of the soya isoflavone daidzein, is produced via the formation of the intermediate dihydrodaidzein, by human intestinal bacteria, with only approximately 30-40% of the adult population having the ability to perform this transformation following a soya challenge. Inter-individual variation in conversion of daidzein to equol has been attributed, in part, to differences in the diet and in gut microflora composition, although the specific bacteria responsible for the colonic biotransformation of daidzein to equol are yet to be identified. Equol is a unique compound in that it can exert oestrogenic effects, but is also a potent antagonist of dihydrotestosterone in vivo. Furthermore, in vitro studies suggest that equol is more biologically active than its parent compound, daidzein, with a higher affinity for the oestrogen receptor and a more potent antioxidant activity. Although some observational and intervention studies suggest that the ability to produce equol is associated with reduced risk of breast and prostate cancer, CVD, improved bone health and reduced incidence of hot flushes, others have reported null or adverse effects. Studies to date have been limited and well-designed studies that are sufficiently powered to investigate the relationship between equol production and disease risk are warranted before the clinical relevance of the equol phenotype can be fully elucidated.
Evaluation of the Sirscan Automated Zone Reader in a Clinical Microbiology Laboratory (2000)

We compared readings of Kirby-Bauer plates by the Sirscan, an automated image analyzer that measures zone diameters, to those of experienced clinical microbiologists measuring zones with a hand-held caliper interfaced to a computer and with a ruler. To read plates of Escherichia coli, Morganella morganii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa containing 12 antibiotic disks the Sirscan took 11 s; technologists took 28 s by caliper and 39 s by ruler. Reading times of four different technologists ranged from 22 to 44 s with the caliper and 10 to 12 s with Sirscan. Upon repeated testing zone size variation rarely exceeded 3 mm by caliper and 1 mm by Sirscan. Over a 4-month period, 368 clinical isolates were tested prospectively by both methods in the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory of the Miriam Hospital. There was good correlation of zone sizes for most antibiotics, but Sirscan zone diameter measurements tended to be 3 to 5 mm larger than caliper readings for ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, aztreonam, erythromycin, clindamycin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Very major errors (resistant by caliper and susceptible by Sirscan) occurred with 10 of 3,770 readings (0.3%), mainly where breakpoint criteria lacked an intermediate zone. They occurred in testing staphylococci with amoxicillin-clavulanate (5 of 127 isolates, 3.9%), pseudomonas with piperacillin (1 of 28, 3.6%), coagulase-negative staphylococci with oxacillin (2 of 74, 2.7%), gram-negative bacilli with cefuroxime (1 of 209, 0.5%), and mixed species with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (1 of 366, 0.3%). The Sirscan zone reader facilitates accurate, fully quantitative susceptibility testing in clinical microbiology laboratories.
Generator of rhenium-188 based on hydrated zirconium oxide (1975)

Children with specific reading impairment may have subtle deficits in speech perception related to difficulties in phonological processing. The aim of this study was to examine brain oscillatory activity related to phonological processing in the context of auditory sentence comprehension using magnetoencephalography to better understand these deficits. Good and poor readers, 16-18 years of age, were tested on speech perception of sentence-terminal incongruent words that were phonologically manipulated to be similar or dissimilar to corresponding congruent target words. Functional coupling between regions was measured using phase-locking values (PLVs). Gamma-band (30-45 Hz) PLV between auditory cortex and superior temporal sulcus in the right hemisphere was differentially modulated in the two groups by the degree of phonological contrast between the congruent and the incongruent target words in the latency range associated with semantic processing. Specifically, the PLV was larger in the phonologically similar than in the phonologically dissimilar condition in the good readers. This pattern was reversed in the poor readers, whose lower PLV in the phonologically similar condition may be indicative of the impaired phonological coding abilities of the group, and consequent vulnerability under perceptually demanding conditions. Overall, the results support the role of gamma oscillations in spoken language processing.
Research on the Pricing of Shared Ownership Housing (2018)

To a great extent, the abnormal phenomena of profit making in speculation houses will disappear and the rigid housing demand of ordinary families will be resolved by shared ownership housing. Starting from the consumption structure of the target group of the shared ownership housing, this paper makes an in-depth analysis of the pilot cities that have implemented the shared ownership housing through literature review and data survey, empirically analyses the deviation degree of house rent and the unbalanced situation of residents' housing affordability, and studies the rent of the shared ownership housing and the unbalanced situation of residents' housing affordability through panel data model. Through the comprehensive index of housing affordability to find out the best proportion of the rent of shared ownership housing in the monthly income of young workers aged 20-35, and then get the monthly rent, give relevant feasible suggestions. The research shows that government departments should implement the common property right housing from the aspects of reducing land transferring fees and taxes, strengthening the qualification examination mechanism and so on.
Reliability Analysis for Degradation of Locomotive Wheels using Parametric Bayesian Approach (2013)

This paper undertakes a reliability study using a Bayesian survival analysis framework to explore the impact of a locomotive wheel's installed position on its service lifetime and to predict its reliability characteristics. The Bayesian Exponential Regression Model, Bayesian Weibull Regression Model and Bayesian Log‐normal Regression Model are used to analyze the lifetime of locomotive wheels using degradation data and taking into account the position of the wheel. This position is described by three different discrete covariates: the bogie, the axle and the side of the locomotive where the wheel is mounted. The goal is to determine reliability, failure distribution and optimal maintenance strategies for the wheel. The results show that: (i) under specified assumptions and a given topography, the position of the locomotive wheel could influence its reliability and lifetime; (ii) the Bayesian Log‐normal Regression Model is a useful tool. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis of Novel 2‐Substituted Quinoline Derivatives: Antimicrobial, Inotropic, and Chronotropic Activities (1990)

Abstract Three novel series of quinoline derivatives have been prepared by cyclization of the intermediate 3‐(13‐dioxolan‐2‐yl)‐2‐substituted thiocarbamoyl‐hydrazinoquinolines with different α‐halocarbonyl compounds. These series are: 3‐(1,3‐dioxolan‐2‐yl)‐2‐(3‐substituted‐4‐phenylthiazolin‐2‐ylidene)hy‐drazinoquinolines; 3‐(1,3‐dioxolan‐2‐yl)‐2‐(3‐substituted‐5‐ethoxycarbonyl‐4‐methylthiazoline‐2‐ylidene)hydrazinoquinolines and 3‐(1,3‐dioxolan‐2‐yl)‐2‐(3‐substituted‐4‐thiazolidinon‐2‐yl)hydrazinoquinolines. The active methylene group of the latter series was used for the preparation of their arylidene derivatives. The antimicrobial as well as inotropic and chronotropic activities of the prepared compounds were studied.
Wind Speed and Power Forecasting - A Review and Incorporating Asymmetric Loss (2016)

The energy turnaround in Europe increases the importance of wind speed as well as power predictions. This article provides a review of different forecasting approaches for wind speed and wind power. Moreover, recent time series models are discussed in more detail. The focus of this article are accurate short-and medium-term wind speed and power predictions. Finally, recent wind speed and power out-of-sample results are discussed and the problem of asymmetric loss is covered within this article. Precisely, over-and underestimation of wind power predictions have to be weighted in a different way. Therefore, it is reasonable to introduce an asymmetric accuracy measure. To cover the impact of asymmetric loss on wind speed and power predictions, a small example is presented which covers forecasts up to 24 hours.
The role of endocytosis in regulating the strength of hippocampal synapses (2008)

The readily releasable pool of vesicles (RRP) varies in size during synaptic activity and is replenished by recruitment from the reserve pool as well as vesicle retrieval after fusion. To investigate which of these steps is rate limiting in supplying vesicles to the RRP, we measured the effects of changes in temperature in cultured hippocampal neurons, where higher average rates of release can be maintained as the temperature is increased. Using a pHluorin-based reporter of exocytosis and endocytosis (sypHy), we find that changes in temperature between 25 degrees C and 35 degrees C do not significantly alter the rate of recruitment from the reserve pool. In contrast, the time constant of endocytosis fell from approximately 17 s at 25 degrees C to approximately 10 s at 35 degrees C (Q(10) = 1.7), while the time constant of vesicle reacidification fell from approximately 5.5 s to approximately 1 s (Q(10) = 5.5). A kinetic model of the vesicle cycle constructed using measured parameters was found to describe variations in vesicle release rate observed during long trains of spikes as well as recovery from synaptic depression after bursts of activity. These results indicate that endocytosis operating with time constants of 10-15 s is the rate-limiting process determining replenishment of the RRP during long-term activity. A fast mode of vesicle retrieval could not be detected at any temperature, nor was it necessary to invoke such a mechanism to account for use-dependent changes in synaptic release probability.
Components of Surface Free Energy of Some Clay Minerals (1988)

Abstract The wetting contact angle was measured for water drops settled on the surface of pressed discs of kaolinite, alumina, bentonite, marble, montmorillonite, and quartzite immersed in hexane, octane, dodecane, cis-decalin, and air. Minimum and maximum values of the contact angle were obtained for the given systems of solid-water drop-hydrocarbon, depending on the manner of disc preparation. Using both minimum ( θ min ) and maximum ( θ max ) values of the contact angle, values of the dispersion component (γs d ) of surface free energy of these solids were calculated from the equation which was derived on the basis of an equilibrium state of the system solid-water drop-hycrocarbon for two different hydrocarbons. The values of γ s d for kaolinite, alumina, bentonite, marble, montmorillonite, and quartzite obtained from θ min are 83.5, 98.1, 98.9, 80.2, 95.9, and 89.7 mJ/m 2 , and from θ max are 73.1, 85.0, 84.4, 75.8, 85.5, and 75.5 mJ/m 2 . These values for marble and quartzite are similar to those in the literature (marble = 67.7 mJ/m 2 ; quartzite = 71.3 and 76.0 mJ/m 2 ). The values of the dispersion components of surface free energy for marble and quartzite covered with a water film (γ sf d ) were found to be: 41.8, 36.9; 49.2, 42.5; 49.6, 42.2; 40.2, 38.1; 48.1, 42.8; and 44.9, 38.0 mJ/m 2 , respectively. Values of γ sf d for kaolinite, bentonite, and montmorillonite agreed well with those obtained from hydrocarbon adsorption isotherms determined by differential thermal analysis (35.5, 36.5, and 37.4 mJ/m 2 ). Using values of γ sf d and contact angles measured in the system solid-water drop-air, the nondispersion component of the surface free energy of solids with adsorbed water film (γ sf n ) was calculated from the modified Young equation. The values of γ sf n for kaolinite and quartzite are as follows: 55.8, 69.0; 85.6, 94.0; 52.1, 75.0; 64.7, 68.9; 54.9,71.3; and 59.2,74.4 mJ/m 2 . The values of the nondispersion components determined for kaolinite, bentonite, and montmorillonite agreed well with those obtained by differential thermal analysis (67.6, 78.3, and 65.5 mJ/m 2 , respectively). Further, based on the assumption that the adsorbed water film decreased the surface free energy of these solids by the value of the work of spreading wetting, the nondispersion component (γ s n ) of the surface free energy of the solids was calculated to be: 86.9,129.6; 169.5, 187.7; 67.1, 144.8; 117.5, 129.3; 83.0, 135.7 and 100.2, 143.4 mJ/m 2 . These calculated values of the nondispersion component of marble and quartzite surface free energy agree with those obtained from adsorption isotherms determined by chromatographic and differential thermal analysis (marble = 103.8, 106.4; quartzite = 112, 115, 153.6 mJ/m 2 ).
On measuring multiobjective evolutionary algorithm performance (2002)

Solving optimization problems with multiple (often conflicting) objectives is generally a quite difficult goal. Evolutionary algorithms (EAs) were initially extended and applied during the mid-eighties in an attempt to stochastically solve problems of this generic class. During the past decade a multiplicity of multiobjective EA (MOEA) techniques have been proposed and applied to many scientific and engineering applications. Our discussion's intent is to rigorously define and execute a quantitative MOEA performance comparison methodology. Almost all comparisons cited in the current literature visually compare algorithmic results, resulting in only relative conclusions. Our methodology gives a basis for absolute conclusions regarding MOEA performance. Selected results from its execution with four MOEAs are presented and described.
Nowcasting, business cycle dating and the interpretation of new information when real time data are available (2008)

A canonical model is described which reflects the real time informational context of\ndecision-making. Comparisons are drawn with ‘conventional’ models that incorrectly omit\nmarket-informed insights on future macroeconomic conditions and inappropriately incorporate\ninformation that was not available at the time. It is argued that conventional\nmodels are misspecified and misinterpret news. However, neither diagnostic tests applied\nto the conventional models nor typical impulse response analysis will be able to expose\nthese deficiencies clearly. This is demonstrated through an analysis of quarterly US data\n1968q4-2006q1. However, estimated real time models considerably improve out-of-sample\nforecasting performance, provide more accurate ‘nowcasts’ of the current state of the\nmacroeconomy and provide more timely indicators of the business cycle. The point is illustrated\nthrough an analysis of the US recessions of 1990q3—1991q2 and 2001q1—2001q4
A new type of metadata for querying data integration systems (2007)

Research on data integration has provided languages and systems able to guarantee an integrated intensional representation of a given set of data sources.A significant limitation common to most proposals is that only intensional knowledge is considered, with little or no consideration for extensional knowledge. In this paper we propose a technique to enrich the intension of an attribute with a new sort of metadata: the “relevant values”, extracted from the attribute values.Relevant values enrich schemata with domain knowledge; moreover they can be exploited by a user in the interactive process of creating/refining a query. The technique, fully implemented in a prototype, is automatic, independent of the attribute domain and it is based on data mining clustering techniques and emerging semantics from data values. It is parametrized with various metrics for similarity measures and is a viable tool for dealing with frequently changing sources.
Modification of a Purification and Expansion Method for Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes (2013)

A low level of glucose is efficient in purifying hESC-CMs and intercellular adhesion between individual hESC-CMs plays a critical role in enhancing hESC-CM proliferation.
Integrated support for handoff management and context awareness in heterogeneous wireless networks (2005)

The overwhelming success of mobile devices and wireless communications is stressing the need for the development of mobility-aware services. Device mobility requires services adapting their behavior to sudden context changes and being aware of handoffs, which introduce unpredictable delays and intermittent discontinuities. Heterogeneity of wireless technologies (Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, 3G) complicates the situation, since a different treatment of context-awareness and handoffs is required for each solution. This paper presents a middleware architecture designed to ease mobility-aware service development. The architecture hides technology-specific mechanisms and offers a set of facilities for context awareness and handoff management. The architecture prototype works with Bluetooth and Wi-Fi, which today represent two of the most widespread wireless technologies. In addition, the paper discusses motivations and design details in the challenging context of mobile multimedia streaming applications.
Simple microplate hybridization assay for detection of amplified products of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. (2001)

We describe a simple microplate hybridization assay for the rapid detection of the IS6110 PCR products of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from clinical cultures and from sputum specimens. The assay is based on the specific detection with a fluorescein-labeled detection probe of biotinylated PCR products which are captured on avidin coated microplate. Hybridized products with fluorescein were identified by using anti-fluorescein antibody, horseradish peroxidase conjugate and colorimetric peroxidase substrate. The specificity of the assay was assessed by analysis of 56 bacterial strains: the assay discriminated perfectly between the positive and negative groups when an OD490 of 0.18 was used as the cut-off point. The assay was sensitive enough to detect as little as 1 pg of M. tuberculosis H37Rv DNA, which is equivalent to approximately three bacilli. To evaluate the assay performance clinically, 190 sputum samples from newly diagnosed TB patients were tested; 79 were classified as TB positive, and 111 were classified as TB negative by culture and acid-fast staining as the 'gold standard'. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the PCR-microplate hybridization assay were 90, 100 and 96%, respectively. The total assay time of hybridization following the PCR was 4 hours. The PCR-microplate hybridization assay is fast, simple and accurate and is suitable for use in the microbiology laboratory or for the analysis of large numbers of samples.
IV, paravertebral or epidural anesthesia to treat pain after hybrid atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation surgery? (2014)

1UZBrussel, Dept of Anaesthesiology & Pain Medicine, Brussels, Belgium, 2UZBrussel, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Brussels, Belgium
Analysis of human megakaryocytic cells using dual-color immunofluorescence labeling (2000)

This finding demonstrates that without careful definition, the quantitation of megakaryocytic cells will be inappropriately high. A clear and unambiguous criteria for the identification of megakaryocytic cells is described based on the high expression of platelet glycoprotein (e.g., CD61(hi) or CD41(hi)) but not the monocyte marker (CD14(neg)).
High-dose tetracycline therapy in severe acne (1976)

• High daily doses of tetracycline (in most instances 2,000 mg) were administered over periods of 3 to 33 months to 31 patients suffering from unusually severe, disfiguring, and treatment-resistant forms of acne (papulopustular, cystic, and conglobated). The acne cleared in 14 patients, improved greatly in 13, improved only insignificantly in 3, and failed to improve in 1. Side-effects occurred in 15 of the 31 patients but necessitated cessation of treatment in only three. (<i>Arch Dermatol</i>112:479-481, 1976)