gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Porothermoelastic Wellbore Model in Oil and Gas Saturated Naturally Fractured Porous Media (2009)

Abstract The impact of initial oil saturation and presence of fractures on hole stability has been analyzed using a three-dimensional, fully-coupled multi-phase finite element model. The model accounts for thermo-hydro-mechanical coupling as well as solubility of gas in oil and evaporation of oil into gas in both the rock matrix and fractures. In addition, the viscosities of the oil and gas phases, formation volume factors for oil and gas, gas-oil solubility ratio, oil volatility ratio and the saturations are assumed to be dependent on the temperature. The model is verified with analytical solutions for the limiting case of a medium saturated with a single fluid. A parametric study is carried out varying the initial oil saturation and fracture parameters and the changes to the stress state around the wellbore are assessed. A preliminary analysis of failure study shows that the presence of fractures and lower initial oil saturation increases the failure potential.
Chemistry of Pentavalent Organobismuth Reagents. Regioselective α-Arylation of α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyls and Related Systems (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTChemistry of Pentavalent Organobismuth Reagents. Regioselective α-Arylation of α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyls and Related SystemsThomas Arnauld, Derek H. R. Barton, Jean-François Normant, and Eric DorisView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012 Laboratoire de Chimie des Organoéléments associé au CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France Service des Molécules Marquées, Bât. 547, Département de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, CEA/Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 18, 6915–6917Publication Date (Web):August 13, 1999Publication History Received5 April 1999Published online13 August 1999Published inissue 1 September 1999https://doi.org/10.1021/jo9905928Copyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views580Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (63 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Arylation,Bismuth,Chemical reactions,Ketones,Reagents Get e-Alerts
THE DEVELOPMENT WORK LEADING UP TO THE MARVIKEN NUCLEAR POWER STATION (1963)

After an enumeration of some economic factors in connection with the Marviken reactor and a short description of the plant, the main development problems such as heat transfer and hydrodynamics, dynamics, materials, fuel elements, engineering problems, leakage, and containment are discussed. Several facts concerning time schedule are described. A view of future reactor development in Sweden is given. (auth)
A signed digit adder with error correction and graceful degradation capabilities (2004)

This paper proposes a methodology to obtain fault localization and graceful degradation of a self-checking adder based on signed digit representation. The main idea underlying the paper is to exploit the fact that in signed digit arithmetic the carry operation is confined to neighbor digits. The usage of a "carry free" adder implies some advantages in terms of error detection, fault localization and repair For the detection standpoint, a parity checker can be easily applied to detect errors caused by faults belonging to the considered stuck-at fault set. Regarding the fault localization, the "carry free" property of the adder ensures the confinement of the error due to a permanent fault only to a few digits. Finally, if a fault is correctly localized, the faulty digit can be excluded and the logic which computes the other digits can be used to perform the adder operation with a reduced dynamic range.
Better living with hyper‐mutation (2016)

The simplest forms of mutations, base substitutions, typically have negative consequences, aside from their existential role in evolution and fitness. Hypermutations, mutations on steroids, occurring at frequencies of 10(-2) -10(-4) per base pair, straddle a domain between fitness and death, depending on the presence or absence of regulatory constraints. Two facets of hypermutation, one in Escherichia coli involving DNA polymerase V (pol V), the other in humans, involving activation-induced deoxycytidine deaminase (AID) are portrayed. Pol V is induced as part of the DNA-damage-induced SOS regulon, and is responsible for generating the lion's share of mutations when catalyzing translesion DNA synthesis (TLS). Four regulatory mechanisms, temporal, internal, conformational, and spatial, activate pol V to copy damaged DNA and then deactivate it. On the flip side of the coin, SOS-induced pols V, IV, and II mutate undamaged DNA, thus providing genetic diversity heightening long-term survival and evolutionary fitness. Fitness in humans is principally the domain of a remarkably versatile immune system marked by somatic hypermutations (SHM) in immunoglobulin variable (IgV) regions that ensure antibody (Ab) diversity. AID initiates SHM by deaminating C → U, favoring hot WRC (W = A/T, R = A/G) motifs. Since there are large numbers of trinucleotide motif targets throughout IgV, AID must exercise considerable catalytic restraint to avoid attacking such sites repeatedly, which would otherwise compromise diversity. Processive, random, and inefficient AID-catalyzed dC deamination simulates salient features of SHM, yet generates B-cell lymphomas when working at the wrong time in the wrong place. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 57:421-434, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hydroxo-bridged dinuclear cobalt(II) complexes of OBISDIEN and OBISTREN as oxygen carriers (1996)

Abstract The hydroxo-bridged dinuclear cobalt(II) complexes of the macro-cyclic and macrobicyclic dinucleating ligands OBISDIEN and OBISTREN form thermodynamically stable dioxygen adducts. Although the values of the oxygenation constants of cobalt complexes usually increase with an increase in the number of basic amino groups coordinated to the cobalt centers, these complexes are unusual in that the oxygenation constants of the complex formed from OBISDIEN is about three orders of magnitude higher than the analogous complex formed from OBISTREN. The difference in behavior must be due to differences in steric strain. Since crystal structures are not available, steric effects were estimated by the use of molecular mechanics. By application of the molecular modelling program SYBYL it was determined that the distortions of the cryptand ligand necessary to form the hydroxo-bridged dioxygen complex are much greater and more energetic than those of the macrocyclic ligand. Both ligands were found to form excellent oxygen carriers because of facile oxygenation-deoxygenation reactions of their dinuclear cobalt complexes, and because of almost immeasurably slow metal-centered degradation. Moreover, the ligands were not changed during degradation, so that the oxygen-carrying complexes could be easily regenerated by electrolytic reduction.
Intramolecular insertion of the isonitrile group into an oxygen–silicon bond. Synthesis of a 2-trimethylsilyloxazole via the α-isocyano silyl enol ether (1984)

Treatment of lithiated 4-methyloxazole (1b) with trimetylsilyl chloride gives the α-isocyano silyl enol ether (4b) which when heated in the presence of potassium hydroxide undergoes ring closure to the 2-trimethylsilyloxazole (5b) whose reactions with C-and S-electrophiles afford 2-substituted oxazoles.
Some questions of geomechanics of the faults in the continental crust (2014)

We present the results of laboratory experiments on studying the formation of different slip modes on the interfaces in a rock massif such as aseismic creep, stick-slip, and periodic slow-slip events. It is shown that the way of releasing the accumulated elastic energy is determined by the mesoscale structure of the gouge rather than by its macroscopic strength characteristics. The evolution of the stress chains which are formed and broken during the displacement on the fracture, as well as the length and number of these chains, completely determines the regularities of the deformation. The role of these load-bearing elements in nature can be played, e.g., by the “contact spots,” which determine the regularities of stress concentration near the interblock boundary. We consider the effects of low-amplitude vibrations on stressed fractures. It is shown that, depending on the mode of deformation, the vibration impact can either reduce or boost the amplitude of separate events and the fraction of energy that is released dynamically. In the conclusion of the paper, we discuss the possibility of using the shear strength of the fault zone as a geomechanical parameter controlling the mode of deformation.
Diffractive optics for packaging of laser diodes and fiber-optics (2002)

Diffractive Optical Elements (DOEs) have many advantages over refractive optical elements, including the ability to implement exotic functions (such as flat-tops and line generators), the ability to easily incorporate a variety of functions in one element, lower volume and less weight. In this paper three performance measures of DOEs are examined: diffraction, chromatic aberrations and cost.
Micropruina glycogenica gen. nov., sp. nov., a new Gram-positive glycogen-accumulating bacterium isolated from activated sludge. (2000)

A new Gram-positive non-spore-forming bacterium, strain Lg2T, was isolated from an activated sludge reactor showing enhanced biological phosphorus removal activity. The new isolate was a slowly growing organism and was capable of accumulating large amounts of intracellular glycogen from substrate taken up. Both oxidase and catalase were produced. The new isolate contained meso-diaminopimelic acid (DAP) in the cell wall. Complex fatty acid patterns with iso-C14:0, anteiso-C15:0, C16:0, iso-C16:0 and four other minor saturated or unsaturated straight-chain fatty acids were detected. The isolate contained a high genomic G+C content (70.5 mol%). Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence placed the isolate in the high G+C Gram-positive group with Microlunatus phosphovorus and Friedmanniella antarctica as the closest relatives (sequence similarities are 93 and 92 %, respectively). These three organisms shared common features in morphology, but strain Lg2T could be differentiated from the other species by its peptidoglycan type (meso-DAP), fatty acid composition, carbon source utilization profile and G+C content. On the basis of these findings, it is proposed that a new genus and species, Micropruina glycogenica, should be created for the new isolate; the type strain is strain Lg2T (= JCM 10248T).
Parallel optoelectronic realization of neural networks models using CID technology (1988)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Aharon Agranat, Charles F. Neugebauer, and Amnon Yariv, "Parallel optoelectronic realization of neural networks models using CID technology," Appl. Opt. 27, 4354-4355 (1988) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Synthesis of (-)-Galanthamine and (±)-Codeine (2010)

The amaryllidaceae alkaloid (-)-galanthamine is a potent inhibitor of acetylcholines­terase and has been used in the early treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. As such, it has been a popular target for total synthesis projects.
A SIMPLIFIED METHOD OF CHEMICAL GAS ANALYSIS (1985)

Saeger, J.; Dyson, D.; Lesmes, G. FACSH; Kanter, M.; Kaminsky, L.; Ang, K. Author Information
Comparing diagnostic accuracy of luminal water imaging with diffusion‐weighted and dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI in prostate cancer: A quantitative MRI study (2018)

Luminal water imaging (LWI) is a new MRI T<sub>2</sub> mapping technique that has been developed with the aim of diagnosis of prostate carcinoma (PCa). This technique measures the fractional amount of luminal water in prostate tissue, and has shown promising preliminary results in detection of PCa. To include LWI in clinical settings, further investigation on the accuracy of this technique is required. In this study, we compare the diagnostic accuracy of LWI with those of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI in detection and grading of PCa. Fifteen patients with biopsy-proven PCa consented to participate in this ethics-board-approved prospective study. Patients were examined with LWI, DWI, and DCE sequences at 3 T prior to radical prostatectomy. Maps of MRI parameters were generated and registered to whole-mount histology. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of individual and combined MR parameters. Correlation with Gleason score (GS) was evaluated using Spearman's rank correlation test. The results show that area under the ROC curve (AUC) obtained from LWI was equal to or higher than the AUC obtained from DWI, DCE, or their combination, in peripheral zone (0.98 versus 0.90, 0.89, and 0.91 respectively), transition zone (0.99 versus 0.98, n/a, and 0.98), and the entire prostate (0.85 versus 0.81, 0.75, and 0.84). The strongest correlation with GS was achieved from LWI (ρ = -0.81 ± 0.09, P < 0.001). Results of this pilot study show that LWI performs equally well as, or better than, DWI and DCE in detection of PCa. LWI provides significantly higher correlation with GS than DWI and DCE. This technique can potentially be included in clinical MRI protocols to improve characterization of tumors. However, considering the small size of the patient population in this study, a further study with a larger cohort of patients and broader range of GS is required to confirm the findings and draw a firm conclusion on the applicability of LWI in clinical settings.
Bone densitometry in clinical practice: longitudinal measurements at three sites in postmenopausal women on five treatments (2001)

We report sequential changes in bone mineral density (BMD) at the forearm, hip and spine in 340 consecutive postmenopausal women referred by 103 general practitioners and six specialists, and who were either untreated or being treated with calcium, estrogen, norethisterone or calcitriol for a median period of 25 months (range 11-52). The mean annual rate of change in BMD at the three sites was: 1.39% in 44 women on norethisterone; 0.94% in 107 women on estrogen (both p < 0.001); 0.24% (not significant) in 52 women on calcitriol; -0.53% in 92 women on calcium; and -1.06% in 45 women on no treatment (both p < 0.01). The mean annual rate of change at the three sites in the 295 treated women was 0.43%, which was significantly positive (p < 0.001) and was 1.49 percentage points more positive than in the untreated women (p < 0.001). The greatest mean difference between treated and untreated patients was seen at the forearm, where it was 2.16 percentage points (p < 0.001). This was significantly greater than the difference at the femoral neck (1.21 percentage points (p = 0.037)) and lumbar spine (1.10 percentage points (p = 0.044)). The data did not change significantly after correction for age, years since menopause or baseline BMD. Those who started the treatments at baseline gained bone faster than those who were continuing on existing therapies, but this difference was not significant at any site. In the hormone- and calcitriol-treated groups, there was no significant difference between those who had a calcium supplement and those who did not. We conclude that the effects of treatment on BMD in clinical practice are comparable to those predicted from clinical trials, that there are significant differences between the responses to treatment at different sites and that the forearm appears to be the most sensitive site, in this series at least.
Design of Biocatalytic Processes (2004)

Design of Enzyme Processes: High-Fructose Corn Syrup (HFCS) Manufacture of HFCS from Glucose with Glucose Isomerase (GI): Process Details Mathematical Model for the Description of the Enzyme Kinetics of Glucose Isomerase (GI) Evaluation of the Model of the GI Reaction in the Fixed-Bed Reactor Productivity of a Fixed-Bed Enzyme Reactor Processing of Fine Chemicals or Pharmaceutical Intermediates in an Enzyme Membrane Reactor Introduction Determination of Process Parameters of a Membrane Reactor Large-Scale Applications of Membrane Reactors Production of Enantiomerically Pure Hydrophobic Alcohols: Comparison of Different Process Routes and Reactor Configurations Isolated Enzyme Approach Whole-Cell Approach Organometallic Catalyst Approach Comparison of Different Catalytic Reduction Strategies
Syntheses of methyl esters of gibberellin A15 and gibberellin A37 (1975)

The syntheses of gibberellin A15 methyl ester (16) and gibberellin A37 methyl ester (21) from enmein (1), and their more direct total synthesis from 5-methoxy-2-tetralone via the key intermediate (2) are described.
Diastereoselectivity in [2π + 2π] Photocycloaddition of Cholesteryl Cinnamate to Methyl 9‐Phenanthrenecarboxylate: Control of the Stereoselectivity in Liquid Crystalline Phase. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Destruction of the Whispering Gallery Modes in Dielectric Resonators due to Shape and Curvature Perturbations (2000)

Deformed WGM cylindrical dielectric resonators show advantages for integration into optical circuits. The mechanism of WG-modes destruction due to increasing deformation magnitude is analyzed using an efficient algorithm based on the concept of analytical regularization.
Discharge and radiation characteristics of Xe one-barrier excilamps (2002)

The paper is devoted to experimental study of discharge and radiation characteristics taking place in Xe one-barrier excilamps at broad variations of excitation pulse parameters and gas fill-pressures. The B-X band of the molecule Xe<SUB>2</SUB>* dominates the lamp spectrum and has high efficiency. Radiation of monatomic lines and luminescence of the lamp bulb can be observed too. The molecule Xe<SUB>2</SUB>* band B-X radiation of luminescence time dependence and luminescence of the lamp bulb quartz are similar, at the same time the radiation of Xe monatomic line (lambda) equals 467 nm has obviously some other form. Depending on excitation conditions, i.e. power, duration and excitation impulse form, a gas discharge Xe excilamp, different by homogeneity level and radiation efficiency types of discharge can be realized. Formation of discharge homogeneity is the necessary condition to obtain high efficiencies of excimer radiation in this type of lamp. In one-barrier xenon excilamps with internal small curvature of an electrode, a homogeneous discharge forms at pressures up to 300 Torr.
Online Missing/Repeated Gate Faults Detection in Reversible Circuits (2011)

Reversible logic is a computation methodology with the promise of possibly zero-energy consumption by elimination of power dissipation due to information loss. Furthermore, reversible logic has direct application in quantum computing. However, since fault models in reversible circuits are fundamentally different from those used for CMOS VLSI technologies, therefore new testing approaches must be developed to test reversible circuits. It has been shown that two new types of faults in the form of gate missing and gate repeating are more likely to occur in reversible circuits, rather than traditional stuck-at faults. In this paper, we present an approach for online detection of these types of faults in reversible circuits. In this approach, we modify reversible gates in such a way that they can produce information on the number of cascaded gates. By using such information we add an appropriate reversible gate to detect missing and repeated gate faults. Simulation results on a set of benchmark circuits confirm that the proposed approach can detect 100% of single and more than 97% of multiple missing/repeated gate faults, in average. Since, the modified gates provide a combination of basic logic operation (e.g. NAND and NOR) in a reversible gate, therefore, using these gates effectively reduces area overhead and the number of garbage outputs, compared to previous work.
Use of Sodium Nitrite Auxiliary Electrode for Solid Electrolyte Sensor to Detect Nitrogen Oxides (1992)

Abstract An Na+-conductor (NASICON)-based solid electrolyte device fitted with an NaNO2 auxiliary electrode showed excellent sensing characteristics to NO and NO2 in air. The electromotive force, EMF, followed the Nernst’s equation for 1–800 ppm NO and 0.1–200 ppm NO2 at temperatures of 150–240 °C, the Nernst’s slopes indicating one-electron reduction for both gases.
Possible survival benefits from zoledronic acid treatment in patients with bone metastases from solid tumours and poor prognostic features—An exploratory analysis of placebo-controlled trials (2013)

These exploratory analyses suggest a beneficial effect of ZOL on OS in patients with highly aggressive or advanced MBD.
Patient factors influence surgeons’ workload (2015)

Nourallah, Ahmad MD; Yu, Denny PhD; Bingener, Juliane MD, FACS; Hallbeck, Susan PhD; Thiels, Cornelius A. DO, MBA; Abdelrahman, Amro M. MBBS Author Information
Integration Environment of Test Bed for C2 Organization (2010)

This paper provides three major contributions. First, motivated by the need for a network of intelligent agents within C2 experimental settings, a brief overview of modeling techniques for the design of a network of C2 role agents and integration environment of test bed for C2 organization are provided. Second, techniques for modeling the decision-making processes of C2 role agents in task selection and resource allocation settings are presented. Third, the congruence model of organizational behavior is advanced, which is based on the degree to which different components of the organization fit together. And also quantify the performance of an organization based on this model.