gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Role of the Tumor Necrosis Factor System and Interleukin‐10 during Cytomegalovirus Infection in Renal Transplant Recipients (2000)

The effects of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection on monocyte and T cell activation and the role of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) system and interleukin (IL)-10 were studied in a prospective study of 25 renal transplant recipients. Ten patients developed CMV disease (group A), 5 developed asymptomatic infection (group B), and 10 did not have CMV infection (group C). During CMV disease (group A), there was evidence of both monocyte and T cell activation. All patients with CMV infection (groups A and B) showed increased activation of the TNF system, concomitant with an increase in plasma levels of IL-10. Patients with CMV disease (group A) had more marked manifestations of TNF activation and more moderate IL-10 increase than patients with asymptomatic CMV infection (group B), reflected in a higher plasma IL-10/TNF-alpha ratio in asymptomatic patients. Thus, the balance between TNF-alpha and IL-10 may be important in the development of CMV infection and CMV-related disease.
Correlation Between Down Syndrome and the Level of Placental Alkaline Phosphatase in Amniotic Fluid (2005)

The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between Down syndrome and the level of placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) in amniotic fluid. A total of 279 amniotic fluid samples taken between 14 and 24 gestational weeks were investigated in this study. Karyotype analysis was made in all samples. In 10 samples trisomy 21 was determined, in one sample trisomy 18, in two samples 47,XXY, in six samples various structural chromosomal anomalies and in 260 samples normal karyotype. PLAP was measured using a fluorometric heat inactivation assay. Mean PLAP multiples of normal gestational median (MOM) value in samples with Down syndrome was 0.44 MOM, and in those with normal karyotype was 1.14 MOM. In fetuses with Down syndrome, amniotic fluid PLAP levels were significantly reduced (p = 0.002). There was no difference between mean PLAP MOM values in samples with normal karyotype and in those with structural chromosomal abnormality (p = 0.47). When 0.37 MOM was accepted as a cut-off value of PLAP activity in amniotic fluid, detection rate (sensitivity) of the test was 50%, specificity was 94%, and false-positive rate was 5.8%. We conclude that PLAP levels are reduced in the amniotic fluid of women carrying a fetus with Down syndrome.
A Mass-Preserving Geometry-Based Reinitialization Method for the Level Set Function (2008)

In this paper we describe and evaluate a geometric
mass-preserving redistancing procedure for the level set function
on general structured grids. The proposed algorithm is adapted
from a recent finite-element-based method and preserves the mass
by means of a localized mass correction. A salient feature of the
scheme is the absence of adjustable parameters. The algorithm is
tested in two and three spa- tial dimensions and compared with a
state-of-the-art PDE-based redistancing method using structured
Cartesian grids. Through the use of quantitative error measures
of interest in level set methods, we show that the overall
performance of the proposed geometric procedure is better than
state-of-the-art PDE- based reinitialization schemes. We also
show that the algorithm is well–suited for the highly–streched
curvilinear grids used in CFD simulations.
Ordered structure of thermotropic liquid crystalline copolymers 2. Observation of annihilation kinetics of wedge disclinations (1995)

Abstract The isothermal annihilation kinetics of wedge disclinations in the fully liquid crystalline state were investigated using thin film specimens of a thermotropic liquid crystalline copolyester prepared by a solution-cast method. The as-cast films which are vitrified, homogeneous and amorphous were first subjected to a temperature jump to appropriate temperatures and the coarsening of the liquid crystalline texture was observed in real-time and in situ by means of optical microscopy and laser light scattering. The experimental results obtained show that, in the early stages, the domain size, D, which is inversely proportional to the square root of the density of disclinations in the sample, approximately obeys a power law of D(t) ∼ t 0.35 over the time scale covered in the experiment. In the later stages, anchoring of some of the disclination lines onto the glass surface and/or formation of crystallites from some sequences of the copolyester having a higher melting point suppress and then pin the annihilation process. The annihilation processes for pairs of wedge disclinations between s = + 1/2 and s = − 1/2 or between s = + 1 and s = − 1/2 were directly observed in situ by optical microscopy, and the distance between them was observed to decrease with time.
Fast model based segmentation of ultrasound data using an active image (2003)

In the present paper we propose a method for fast segmentation of ultrasound data. It is based on setting up a model depending on user input. We apply a matching scheme in order to obtain initial contours for 2D segmentation of several cross-sections of the organ by a discrete dynamic contour. Further, we set up an active image which drives the deformation of the dynamic contour. The active image comprises both textural information based on image data as well as spatial information which we derive from the initial contour. We design the active image according to user input and image quality to aid the segmentation task.
Multicomponent mass transfer in turbulent flow (1972)

Abstract A general treatment of entry region multicomponent mass transfer between a fully developed turbulent flow and a smooth pipe wall has been developed from a basis first derived by Toor. The couled multicomponent equations were reduced to an equivalent binary system by the method of undetermined constants. Numerical solutions for a forced convection, binary diffusion system involving gas‐phase, nonequimolal diffusion were applied to a ternary system. These solutions have been found to compare well with these authors entry region mass transfer data on a ternary acetone‐methonal‐air mixture and with the earlier analogy theories derived for the case of an infinitely long test section. We conclude that there is a significant interaction in some multicomponent systems, enough that the binary theory can not be satisfactorily applied in the design of multicomponent mass transfer systems.
Influence of the Vitamin D-binding Protein on the Serum Concentration of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1981)

The influence of the serum binding protein (DBP) for vitamin D and its metabolites on the concentration of its main ligands, 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) (25-OHD(3)) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25-[OH](2)D(3)) was studied. The concentration of both 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) and DBP in normal female subjects (45+/-14 ng/liter and 333+/-58 mg/liter, mean+/-SD, respectively; n = 58) increased during the intake of estro-progestogens (69+/-27 ng/liter and 488+/-90 mg/liter, respectively; n = 29), whereas the 25-OHD(3) concentration remained unchanged. A positive correlation was found between the concentrations of 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) and DBP in these women. At the end of pregnancy, the total concentrations of 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) (97+/-26 ng/liter, n = 40) and DBP (616+/-84 mg/liter) are both significantly higher than in nonpregnant females and paired cord serum samples (48+/-11 ng/liter and 266+/-41 mg/liter, respectively). A marked seasonal variation of 25-OHD(3) was observed in pregnant females and their infants, whereas in the same samples the concentrations of both DBP and 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) remained constant throughout the year. The free 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) index, calculated as the molar ratio of this steroid and DBP, remains normal in women taking estro-progestogens, however, and this might explain their normal intestinal calcium absorption despite a high total 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) concentration. In pregnancy the free 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) index remains normal up to 35 wk of gestation, but during the last weeks of gestation, the free 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) index increases in both circulations. A highly significant correlation exists between the (total and free) 25-OHD(3) and 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) concentrations in maternal and cord serum both at 35 and 40 wk of gestation.
Bacterial Synthesis of Nucleotides (1965)

The optimal pH of the phosphoryl transfer reaction between nucleotide and nucleoside was found to be not always the same. In the reaction mixture of Ps. trifolii, the optimal pH of its activity was at around 8.5, and 5'-nucleotide was the most excellent donor. Phophotransferase activity of Prot. mirabilis had an optimal pH at around 5.0, and 2'- and 3'-nucleotide were observed to just make a donor. These donor- and product-isomer specificities of both groups of bacteria were evident to be invariable, regardless of reaction pH and the cultural conditions of each bacterium, and, therefore, are considered to be attributed to their substantial characters. The fact that the phosphoryl transfer reaction between purine nucleosides and pyrimidine nucleotides was reversible suggests that this enzymatic activity may catalyze the phos-phoryl interconversion of 5'-nucleotides in these bacterial cells of A group. Cupric ions and arsenate were observed to stimulate the synthesis of nucleotide.
Adaptive Skin Classification Using Face and Body Detection (2015)

In this paper, we propose a skin classification method exploiting faces and bodies automatically detected in the image, to adaptively initialize individual ad hoc skin classifiers. Each classifier is initialized by a face and body couple or by a single face, if no reliable body is detected. Thus, the proposed method builds an ad hoc skin classifier for each person in the image, resulting in a classifier less dependent from changes in skin color due to tan levels, races, genders, and illumination conditions. The experimental results on a heterogeneous data set of labeled images show that our proposal outperforms the state-of-the-art methods, and that this improvement is statistically significant.
Early alterations of microRNA expression to predict and modulate melanoma metastasis. (2012)

8550 Background: Melanoma is curable for most patients whose tumors are surgically removed early in disease progression; however, many primary melanomas recur and progress to metastasis. Clinical staging is insufficient to robustly classify patients at highest risk of recurrence, and prognostic molecular biomarkers have not yet been identified. Methods: We performed miRNA profiling of 92 FFPE primary melanomas to discover metastasis relevant miRNAs and develop predictive models of recurrence, which were then validated in an independent cohort. We identified miRNAs differentially expressed between primary tumors that did and did not recur (3-year minimum follow-up) and between thick and thin lesions. We selected candidate miRs for screening in a fluorescence-based in vitro invasion assay, and prioritized a subset for in vivo testing. Potential downstream mediators of these miRNAs were selected by mRNA array analysis and tested in a secondary invasion screen. mRNA candidates that mimicked the miR’s invasion-suppressive effect were tested in 3’UTR reporter assays to confirm them as direct targets. Results: Using the discovery cohort we identified a 20 miRNA signature that can distinguish Stage I/II primary tumors (n=70) that did from those did not recur with 3-year minimum follow-up with an AUC=94%, 95% CI: (0.88, 0.99). Applying this model to predict risk for recurrence in the independent validation cohort yielded an AUC = 96%, 95% CI: (0.90, 1) in discriminating recurrent versus non-recurrent stages I/ II patients (n=45). From the discovery cohort, 40 candidates were selected for invasion assay screening, of which 5 miRNAs robustly inhibit in vitro invasion in 5 melanoma cell lines. Three miRs (miR-382, miR-516b, and miR-7) strongly suppressed metastasis in a mouse model. Moreover, multiple mRNAs tested as potential mediators mimicked the invasion-suppressive effects of candidate miRs. Of those, NCAPG2 and CDC42 were identified as miR-516b targets, CTTN as a miR-382 target, and PIK3CD as a miR-7 target. These genes have been linked to metastasis in melanoma or other tumors. Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that aberrant expression of specific miRNAs at diagnosis is predictive of and functionally impacts melanoma progression.
Uptake of a superparamagnetic contrast agent imaged by MR with high spectral and spatial resolution (2000)

Conventional MRI implicitly treats the proton signal as a single, narrow Lorentzian. However, water signals in vivo are often in homogeneously broadened and have multiple resolvable components. These components represent discrete populations of water molecules within each pixel which are affected differently by physiology and contrast agents. Accurate measurement of each component of the water resonance can improve anatomic and functional MR images and provide insight into the structure and dynamics of subpixelar microenvironments. This report describes high spectral and spatial resolution (HiSS) MR imaging of rodent prostate tumors before and after injection of a superparamagnetic contrast agent. HiSS datasets were used to synthesize images in which intensity is proportional to peak height, peak frequency, and linewidth. These images showed anatomic features which were not clearly delineated in conventional T(2) and gradient echo images. HiSS images obtained after injection of the contrast agent showed T *(2) and T(1) changes which were not seen in conventional images. These changes are associated with microvessel density and permeability. The results suggest HiSS with superparamagnetic contrast agents has the potential to improve characterization of tumors.
Development of a suitable PML for an harmonic study of a finite 1D phononic crystal (2008)

This paper deals with the interaction of ultrasonic Lamb waves with a 1D phononic crystal. The studied structure is a finite plate with a periodic corrugated surface. Two types of forbidden bands arise in the Lamb wave dispersion curves. The first one is located at the limit of the first Brillouin zone, the second one exists at the crossing of dispersion curves of two different Lamb modes. These forbidden bands lead to conversion phenomena. In order to study accuratly the conversion phenomena in the band gaps, harmonic finite element analysis are performed. Perfect matching layers (PML) on both sides of the plate are then necessary to avoid stationnary waves. PML, adapted for Lamb modes involved at a given frequency, must be designed. By using these PML, the attenuation of Lamb waves propagating in the phononic crystal is clearly shown and is related to the existence of the forbidden band.
Imagerie médicale en France dans les hôpitaux publics (1996)

L'enquête proprement dite a concerné les services exclusifs d'imagerie des hôpitauxpublics ou conventionnés, à l'exclusion du secteur privé qui ne souhaitait pasparticiper, mais qui sera tenu informé. Sa méthodologie fut conçue en étroite concertation, entre CEMKA, expérimentée en ce domaine, et le comité scientifique, surtout lors de la phase de conception des questionnaires. Le détail de la méthode retenue et les problèmes posés sont exposés plus loin. L'enquête a été conçue par échantillonnage à trois niveaux: 376 établissements, 518 services et 463 salles spécialisées, tirés au sort. L'activité des salles a été abordée à travers un dernier questionnaire portant sur une semaine complète d'activité ou cinquante actes successifs. Les notions de salle, de service (surtout lorsque les équipements sont partagés), ou d'actes et la dimension des échantillons variable selon les techniques, ont posé, au demeurant, des problèmes d'interprétation statistique tout au long de cette étude. La méthode de recueil et d'analyse des données a été examinée et validée du point de vue statistique par le Pr J. Lelouch, directeur de l'Unité 169 de l'INSERM. Le sondage stratifié à plusieurs niveaux et les bases différentes selon les techniques ne permettent pas d'introduire simplement des intervalles de confiance; la qualité des réponses a été jugée satisfaisante ainsi que les taux de réponses obtenus. Même si ces derniers varient selon les types d'établissements, l'ensemble est jugé statistiquement très significatif, avec plus de 20 000 actes décrits dans le questionnaire sur l'activité. Enfin, les redressements finaux ont pu être croisés avec les données globales externes accessibles. Les discordances mises en évidence ont fait l'objet d'une attention particulière.
Signal Transduction in the Intestinal Mucosa (2014)

This chapter considers the remarkable signal transduction networks that have evolved between intestinal microbes and their host in trying to maintain the balance of health and disease. Resident bacteria serve a central line of resistance to colonization by exogenous microbes and thus assist in preventing the potential invasion of the intestinal mucosa by an incoming pathogen. A number of enteric pathogens and some opportunistic commensal bacteria possess the means to provoke NF-κB activation and, subsequently, intestinal inflammation. Innate epithelial defense mechanisms provide a rapid response whereby microbial pathogens in the host are quickly detected and signals are generated that activate mucosal antimicrobial defense mechanisms. The intimate interaction between enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) and the intestinal epithelium causes the induction of phosphate fluxes within the host cells, as well as the activation of protein kinase C (PKC), phospholipase C, and NF-κB. Chloride secretion in the intestinal mucosa involves the collaborative effort of several transporters. The current paradigm postulates that intestinal epithelial cells respond to Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium by the polarized release of distinct proinflammatory chemoattractants, which sequentially orchestrate neutrophil movement across the intestinal epithelium. Speculatively, microorganisms intimately associated with the intestinal mucosa may have evolved such mechanisms to dampen the host proinflammatory and immune responses without provoking apoptotic death. A more complete understanding of the signal transduction cascades that exist between the intestinal bacteria and the human host in the intestinal mucosa may uncover new insights into human diseases and reveal novel approaches to treating them.
Pulsed microwave source utilizing an all solid state driver for the generation of time-modulated ECR plasmas (2003)

An inexpensive pulsed microwave source has been developed for time-modulated electron cyclotron resonance (TMECR) plasma studies. Utilizing series IGBT switching, a high voltage modulator drives a standard 2M130 magnetron producing microwaves at 2.45 GHz. The microwave power waveform follows the TTL modulator trigger 2-500 /spl mu/s in width, at rep-rates up to 10 kHz and duty factors to 50%. Preliminary measurements of the TMECR plasma potential as a function of microwave pulsewidth, rep-rate, and duty factor are presented.
Cross-generational impact of a male murine pheromone 2-sec-butyl-4,5- dihydrothiazole in female mice (2015)

The current understanding of the activity of mammalian pheromones is that endocrine and behavioural effects are limited to the exposed individuals. Here, we demonstrate that the nasal exposure of female mice to a male murine pheromone stimulates expansion of mammary glands, leading to prolonged nursing of pups. Subsequent behavioural testing of the pups from pheromone-exposed dams exhibited enhanced learning. Sialic acid components in the milk are known to be involved in brain development. We hypothesized that the offspring might have received more of this key nutrient that promotes brain development. The mRNA for polysialyltransferase, which produces polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecules related to brain development, was increased in the brain of offspring of pheromone-exposed dams at post-natal day 10, while it was not different at embryonic stages, indicating possible differential brain development during early post-natal life.
Frottement intérieur hautes températures d'un aluminium de haute pureté (1977)

Nous avons mis en évidence dans un aluminium polycristallin de haute pureté (6 N) un pic de frottement intérieur situé vers 0,5 TF (TF = température de fusion en K) dont l'intensité est importante (δmax est de l'ordre de 0,1) et dont la position est sensible à l'amplitude de déformation de mesure. Ce pic, très stable lors des recuits, peut être assimilé au pic P1 observé par Woirgard et attribué au glissement des dislocations contrôlé par la montée des crans.
Synthesis of functional graphene oxide sheets », Energy Materials and Nanotechnology (2016)

International audience
Achte CeBiTec Research Conference (2018)

Abstract Im April 2018 fand in Bielefeld die dreitägige Tagung 8 th CeBiTec Research Conference/Biocascades Symposium zum Thema Reaction Concepts for Industrial Biocatalysis – Process Catalysts, Process Development, Cascades and New Products statt. Mehr als 80 Forscher aus Akademia und Industrie tauschten sich über aktuelle Entwicklungen der Enzymkatalyse in der Synthese organischer Moleküle aus. Die Schwerpunkte der Konferenz mit 23 Vorträgen und 34 Posterbeiträgen spannten einen Bogen vom Design maßgeschneiderter Biokatalysatoren über Strategien zu deren Nutzung in der Synthese sowie der Kombination zu Kaskadenreaktionen bis hin zu industriellen Anwendungen.
Analytic properties of photonic crystal superprism parameters (2005)

We study the analytic properties of the photonic crystal superprism resolution parameters p , q , and r introduced previously by Baba and Matsumoto [Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 2325 (2002)], which characterize the potential dispersive power of a superprism. We find closed form expressions for these quantities that greatly simplify their accurate evaluation and reveal significant insights about their behavior. The expressions imply general properties of the parameters which are true for all bands and all photonic crystals. In particular, we demonstrate that all photonic crystals exhibit infinite resolution as measured by the parameter r along particular contours in any photonic band.
Enantioselective Organocatalytic Conjugate Reduction of β-Azole-Containing α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes (2009)

Beta-azole-containing alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes were successfully reduced under highly enantioselective organocatalytic transfer hydrogenation conditions. The products were obtained in good yields and up to 94% optical purity. This simple process was successfully applied to the synthesis of the C7-C14 fragment of ulapualide A, a natural product which exhibits promising antitumor activity.
Investigation of defects in GaAsP superlattice structures (1985)

GaAsP superlattices have been incorporated in GaAs/GaAsP cascade solar cell structures in an attempt to reduce the dislocation density in the high band gap cell. The structures were grown on GaAs substrates by MOCVD. Defects and irregularities in these structures were investigated by TEM, EBIC, x-ray microanalysis and chemical etching.