gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ethernet gateway for wireless sensor networks (2015)

In any industrial environment, the plant data network is used to connect instruments and systems distributed across entire plant area. It allows central monitoring and control of the instruments very easy. With the advent of wireless sensor networking technology, few industries started adapting the wireless monitoring systems in phases. Gateway devices allow data communication between main plant data network and wireless field devices. It enables application level access to these field devices from central monitoring station. The gateways devices are used as protocol converter, command/data forwarder and also it can be used as Security Manager, Synchronizer in network. In this implementation, the Ethernet gateway has been designed to collect data from wireless sensor network and connect to the existing Ethernet network. This paper describes the design and development of Ethernet gateway and also describes the integration of this gateway with the computer centre wireless sensor network.
Bennett and Rabbetts' clinical visual optics (1998)

Preface to third edition General introduction The eye's optical system Visual acuity and contrast sensitivity Spherical ametropia Astigmatism Subjective refraction Accommodation and near vision the inadequate stimulus myopias Ocular motility and binocular vision Convergence Anomalies of binocular vision: heterophoria and heterotropia Stereopsis and the stereoscope The schematic eye Subsidiary effects of correcting lenses: magnifying devices Anisometropia and aniseikonia Ocular aberrations Visual examination of the eye and ophthalmoscopy Retinoscopy (skiascopy) Objective optometers Vision screening, new subjective refractors and techniques Measurement of ocular dimensions Distribution and ocular dioptrics of ametropia Entoptic phenomena Appendix A Appendix B General Bibliography Answers Index
CEA Monitoring in Colorectal Cancer (2006)

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) monitoring in patients with stage I-IV colorectal cancer has been, and remains, a controversial issue in oncology practice. Recommendations vary from bimonthly monitoring to no monitoring in the surveillance setting (for stage I-III disease). In the metastatic setting, there are no clear guidelines for CEA follow-up, although continued monitoring in such patients is common in the oncology community. This manuscript reviews the accuracy of CEA testing, its value as a prognostic indicator, and its role in surveillance and response assessment. The limitations of the test in the adjuvant and metastatic settings are illustrated through several case reports from the Colorectal Oncology Clinic at Roswell Park Cancer Institute. Guidelines for CEA monitoring are provided, based on a detailed literature review and institutional experience.
MIStore: a Blockchain-Based Medical Insurance Storage System (2018)

Currently, blockchain technology, which is decentralized and may provide tamper-resistance to recorded data, is experiencing exponential growth in industry and research. In this paper, we propose the MIStore, a blockchain-based medical insurance storage system. Due to blockchain's the property of tamper-resistance, MIStore may provide a high-credibility to users. In a basic instance of the system, there are a hospital, patient, insurance company and n servers. Specifically, the hospital performs a (t, n)-threshold MIStore protocol among the n servers. For the protocol, any node of the blockchain may join the protocol to be a server if the node and the hospital wish. Patient's spending data is stored by the hospital in the blockchain and is protected by the n servers. Any t servers may help the insurance company to obtain a sum of a part of the patient's spending data, which servers can perform homomorphic computations on. However, the n servers cannot learn anything from the patient's spending data, which recorded in the blockchain, forever as long as more than n - t servers are honest. Besides, because most of verifications are performed by record-nodes and all related data is stored at the blockchain, thus the insurance company, servers and the hospital only need small memory and CPU. Finally, we deploy the MIStore on the Ethererum blockchain and give the corresponding performance evaluation.
Effect of electric field induced alignment and dispersion of functionalized carbon nanotubes on properties of natural rubber (2018)

The original equipment and method for orienting multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in natural rubber (NR) by alternating current (AC) electric field were reported in the present study. MWCNTs with various volume fractions were dispersed in the mixture latex which composed of natural rubber, additives and methylbenzene. The application of AC electric field during nanocomposites curing process was used to induce the formation of aligned conductive nanotube networks between the electrodes. The aligned MWCNTs in the composites have a better orientation performance and dispersion quality than these of random MWCNTs by analyzing TEM and SEM images. The effects of MWCNTs anisotropy on thermal conductivity, dielectric properties, and dynamic mechanical properties of NR were studied. The mean value of thermal conductivity of composites loading with aligned MWCNTs was 8.67% higher than that of composites with random MWCNTs due to the anisotropy of aligned MWCNTs. The compounds with aligned MWCNTs possessed low dielectric constant, loss tangents and conductivity, namely a good insulativity. The compounds loading with aligned MWCNTs had lower loss modulus and better dynamic mechanical properties than those with random MWCNTs. This method can make full use of the high thermal conductivity of MWCNTs axis, and expand the application areas of natural rubber like conducting heat in a certain direction with a high efficiency.
Precision and reliability of application specific designs on FPGA (2017)

Application-specific designs can use hardware, such as Field Programmable Gate Array(FPGA)s, to have complete freedom. This includes defining data types as opposed to usingthe predefined standard data types supported in software that are restricted by the architectureof the target processor. Moreover FPGAs are extremely popular for computationallyintensive applications that use either integer or fixed-point calculations and have a limitedpower budget. Static Random-Access Memory (SRAM)-based FPGAs also have the potentialfor a high level of reliability by leveraging their ability to be reconfigured at runtime.In this thesis, we have selected two case studies for hardware acceleration: 1) a biomedicalimaging system for our investigations on precision and reliability Fourier Domain OpticalCoherence Tomography (FD-OCT), and 2) and a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) systemfor our investigations on reliability.Fixed-point arithmetic provides faster and smaller hardware implementations for DigitalSignal Processing (DSP) applications at the expense of accuracy. Especially, when a FastFourier Transform (FFT)-Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) pair are required as partof the calculation, the error introduced into the calculations can be significant. This errormostly affects the phase information of the processing signal. Thus, for phase sensitiveapplications, such as FD-OCT, this degradation is unacceptable. For example, a 32-bitfixed-point implementation of FD-OCT on an FPGA could result in a 78% of error comparedto double precision calculations. In order to retain the accuracy of both SAR andFD-OCT implementations, we numerically analyzed the algorithm versus fixed-point, integerand floating point numbers and introduced the adaptability of integer transforms forsuch applications, specially FD-OCT. Then, by using our custom designed Integer SplitRadix Fast Fourier Transform (Int-SRFFT) and Integer Radix-22 FFT, we decreased themaximum peak error from 78% to less than 1 percent. Moreover, a mathematical reliabilitymodel has been developed for an on-board SAR processor that informs the appropriatetechniques for increasing the reliability of the final SAR processor implementation. Variousupset mitigation strategies are introduced and two customized strategies are proposed forthis specific application. The proposed methods are based on truth vectoring and scheduledscrubbing that achieved an increase of robustness of the system by the factor of 3.8 and 4.8respectively.
RBAC emulation on trusted DG/UX (1997)

One goal of Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) research is to identify generally applicable mechanisms that are sufficiently flexible to support RBAC behavior in diverse applications. This paper discusses three candidate mechanisms that are available in DG/UX@ B2 Security Option, a high security commercial off-the-shelfoperating system. Quite a bit of RBAC semantics can be achieved by simply setting the system's site-configurable policy parameters. Additional RBAC features, such as dynamic role management, can be realized with modest amounts of site-written software. To improve manageability, an RRAC presentation layer can also be added to the site-extensible administration interface. The effort required to retain the high security assurances of the underlying operating system, using these mechanisms, ranges from none to reasonable.
Tilting at the paper mills of academe. (1981)

Errant authors of empirical learning re- ports are often dashed to earth by editorial reviewers, who castigate them for trivial departures from the or- thodox associative paradigms subserving a vacuous gen- eral-process notion, which allows no consideration of specialized structures in humans or in beasts. Paradig- matic illustrations of immediate reinforcement were not subjected to the same zealous scrutiny, thus some classic experiments proved to be classic blunders. Im- mediate-reinforcement notions owe more to simplistic ideas of profit in a free-market economy than to em- pirical associationism. John Locke did not assume an unstructured neonate mind; he recognized natural con- nections as well as nurtured ones. He proposed neu- rological specificity of sensations over a century before J. Mu'ller and noted the existence of specialized taste- illness pathways nearly three centuries before J. Garcia. My material is drawn > from the field of learning and my title from a misadventure of that legend- ary knight,.Don Quixote de la Mancha (Cervantes, 1605/1867?). Sighting 30 or 40 large windmills newly established in South Central Spain during an energy crisis, when long droughts had stilled the waterwheels on the Rio Zancara, Don Quixote perceived them to be giant demons, threatening him with their multiple arms. He spurred his steed, Rocinante, charging the mills in God's good service to wipe so evil a breed off the face of the earth. The errant knight and his noble steed were swept into the air by the giant arms and dashed to earth again. The good squire, Sancho Panza, picked up his befuddled master and offered him a mecha- nistic and pedestrian explanation: They are only windmills. But Don Quixote defended his more
The use of magnetic resonance imaging and calorimetry to follow the freezing process in real food systems. (1995)

During freezing, samples were observed by magnetic resonance imaging techniques, and same samples were also observed, during the same freezing conditions by calorimetry. Analysis of magnetic resonance imaging and calorimetry results, allow the prediction of parameters, which will be used to obtain the time-enthalpy curves for the various products during freezing. The advantage of the procedure is that it is non-invasive. It allows the freezing model assumptions to be validated. The combination of magnetic resonance imaging and calorimetry is a powerful tool for the study of the freezing process in real food systems.
Slip in Silicon Epitaxy (1972)

The introduction of slip in dislocation-free silicon slices, heated in a cold-wall horizontal epitaxial reactor, has been experimentally investigated, and slip correlated with the magnitude of the heat flux through the slices. Evidence is given for the supposition that the axial temperature gradient gives rise to bow of the slices; the bow causing a radial temperature gradient which is responsible for the slip. Well-etched dislocation-free slices are least susceptible to the influence of thermal stresses, since external and internal sources for the generation or multiplication of dislocations are absent.
CFD Study of an Annular-Ducted Fan Lift System for VTOL Aircraft (2015)

The present study aimed at assessing a novel annular-ducted fan lift system for VTOL aircraft through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. The power and lift efficiency of the lift fan system in hover mode, the lift and drag in transition mode, the drag and flight speed of the aircraft in cruise mode and the pneumatic coupling of the tip turbine and jet exhaust were studied. The results show that the annular-ducted fan lift system can have higher lift efficiency compared to the rotor of the Apache helicopter; the smooth transition from vertical takeoff to cruise flight needs some extra forward thrust to overcome a low peak of drag; the aircraft with the lift fan system enclosed during cruise flight theoretically may fly faster than helicopters and tiltrotors based on aerodynamic drag prediction, due to the elimination of rotor drag and compressibility effects on the rotor blade tips; and pneumatic coupling of the tip turbine and jet exhaust of a 300 m/s velocity can provide enough moment to spin the lift fan. The CFD results provide insight for future experimental study of the annular-ducted lift fan VTOL aircraft.
Second generation video format conversion software for a digital signal processor (2000)

The second generation real-time high quality video format conversion (VFC) system for a digital signal processor (DSP) is presented. The software package implements motion estimation (ME), motion compensation, de-interlacing and film detection techniques. The quality of the VFC system approaches that of the dedicated ICs for VFC available for consumer television sets.
The effect of combination treatment with aliskiren and blockers of the renin-angiotensin system on hyperkalaemia and acute kidney injury: systematic review and meta-analysis (2012)

Use of aliskerin in combination with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers is associated with an increased risk for hyperkalaemia. The combined use of these agents warrants careful monitoring of serum potassium levels.
Induced plasmid-genome rearrangements in Rhizobium japonicum (1984)

The P group resistance plasmids RP1 and RP4 were introduced into Rhizobium japonicum by polyethylene-glycol-induced transformation of spheroplasts. After cell wall regeneration, transformants were recovered by selecting for plasmid determinants. Plant nodulation, nitrogen fixation, serological, and bacterial genetics studies revealed that the transformants were derived from the parental strains and possessed the introduced plasmid genetic markers. Agarose gel electrophoresis, restriction enzyme analysis, and DNA hybridization studies showed that many of the transformant strains had undergone genome rearrangements. In the RP1 transformants, chromosomal DNA was found to have transposed into a large indigenous plasmid of R. japonicum, producing an even larger plasmid, and the introduced R plasmid DNA was found to be chromosomally integrated rather than replicating autonomously or integrated into the endogenous plasmid. Seemingly, a similar section of chromosomal DNA was involved in all the genomic rearrangements observed in the R. japonicum RP1 and RP4 transformant strains.
Solute−Solvent Frictional Coupling in Electrolyte Solutions. Role of Ion Pairs (1997)

Rotational diffusion of the organic anion resorufin in different electrolyte solutions is studied. The rotational relaxation time τ increases as the concentration of electrolyte increases for all electrolytes studied. Although τ follows the viscosity in NaNO3 aqueous solution, the τ in Mg(NO3)2 solution is too large to be explained only by the increase of the viscosity. This effect is more significant in DMSO electrolyte solutions. The increase of the rotational relaxation time is well correlated with the charge-to-size ratio of the cation. The analysis of the experimental data using theoretical models that incorporate the different mechanisms of friction in electrolyte solutions strongly indicates the existence of ion pairs in DMSO electrolyte solution.
Raman spectroscopy of single-wall carbon nanotubes and graphite irradiated by γ rays (2005)

Graphite and single-wall carbon nanotubes irradiated by γ rays of energy of 1.3 MeV were investigated by Raman spectroscopy. Irradiation generates defects in the lattice as confirmed by the increase of the intensity of the defect-induced D line in both materials. On the other hand, the intensity of the radial breathing mode of nanotubes is lowered. The intensity of the G line does not change for graphite but increases for carbon nanotubes. For the latter, this behavior cannot be explained by the defect-mediated double-resonance mechanism. Softening of the q=0 selection rule is suggested as a way to explain the results.
HIGH PASSAGE NUMBER OF STEM CELLS ADVERSELY AFFECTS STEM CELL ACTIVATION AND MYOCARDIAL PROTECTION (2006)

Progenitor cell plasticity enhances positive remodeling of damaged tissue. We and others have previously shown that progenitor cells may limit apoptosis and modulate inflammation in part by the production of growth factors. However, recent studies suggest that progenitor cells senesce and lose their differentiation potential with increasing time in culture and passage. We hypothesize that murine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are cardioprotective against ischemia/reperfusion injury in the isolated perfused rat heart, and that passage number has an adverse effect on MSC activation and cardioprotection. Adult male and female Sprague-Dawley rat hearts were isolated, perfused via Langendorff model, and subjected to ischemia/reperfusion. Mouse MSCs were harvested, cultured, suspended in perfusate, and infused before global index ischemia. Hearts were assigned to controls or infusion with passage 3, 5, or 10 MSCs. In addition, MSCs in culture were stressed by hypoxia and increasing doses of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide). Mesenchymal stem cell activation was determined by measuring vascular endothelial growth factor production with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. All data are reported as mean +/- SEM and were analyzed with 2-way analysis of variance. Differences are considered significant if P < 0.05. Passage 3 murine MSC infusion in hearts before ischemia reduced the depression of left ventricular developed pressure, attenuated the increase of end-diastolic pressure, and reduced the depression of +dP/dT and -dP/dT. However, the MSC protective effect disappeared in hearts infused with passage 5 and passage 10 MSCs. Although hypoxia and lipopolysaccharide resulted in significant activation of MSCs, passage 3 MSCs demonstrated significantly greater vascular endothelial growth factor release than passage 5 and 10 MSCs. Acute murine MSC infusion confers protection in isolated rat hearts. However, high passage number has an adverse effect on MSC activation and protection. This portends limited ex vivo expansion before possible therapeutic use.
Effects of nicotinic cholinergic agents on cognitive functioning in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease (1996)

The loss of central nicotinic receptors is a neurochemical hallmark of several degenerative brain disorders, notably Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's Disease (PD). Investigation of the effects of nicotinic agents in both normal and diseased individuals has produced strong evidence of the importance of the integrity of these systems for normal cognitive functioning. Studies in our laboratory utilizing the nicotinic antagonist mecamylamine show that blockade of nicotinic receptors produces measurable and significant cognitive impairment similar in nature to deficits seen in dementing illnesses. This work suggests that symptoms of impaired acquisition of information and short-term storage, impaired memory consolidation, attention, visual perception, and speed may reflect nicotinic lesions. These studies and others have suggested that nicotinic systems may be involved in the modulation, partitioning, and maintenance of attention, especially for tasks involving working memory, e.g. nicotinic systems may help constrain the focus of attention. Recent studies with nicotine in AD patients reviewed here suggest that nicotinic stimulation can improve the acquisition and retention of verbal information and decrease errors. Finally a review of attentional deficits in AD and PD is presented as a suggested target for nicotinic intervention. Further work will attempt to examine whether nicotinic augmentation effects attentional systems, mnemonic systems, or both as well as whether chronic stimulation with nicotine or novel agonists will produce clinical benefit. Drug Dev. Res. 38:278–289 © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Disinfection of<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>biofilm contaminated tube lumens with ultraviolet C light emitting diodes (2009)

Bacterial biofilms on long-term catheters are a major source of infection. Exposure to ultraviolet C (UVC - 265 nm) light was shown in an earlier study to reduce the number of bacteria substantially on ex vivo treated urinary patient catheters. Very large doses (long treatment times) should, however, be applied to obtain 99.9% disinfection rates. The major reason was that besides cells the mature biofilm contained absorbing and scattering particulates, which made the biofilm opaque. The potential of UVC light emitting diodes (LED) for disinfection purposes in catheter-like tubes contaminated with biofilm was investigated. It was shown that UVC light propagation was possible through both Teflon and catheter tubes (silicone). The disinfection efficiency of the diodes was demonstrated on tubes contaminated artificially with a Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm. The tubes were connected to a flow system and biofilms were produced during a 3 day period. Tubes in lengths of 10 (Teflon, silicone) and 20 cm (Teflon) were contaminated. Tubes for control and for UVC treatment were contaminated in parallel. Biofilms were sampled from the total inner surface of the tubes. Colony counts on the control samples were in the range of 5 x 10(5)-1.3 x 10(9) CFU ml(-1), with disinfection rates in the range 96-100%. The applied UVC doses corresponded to treatment times between 15 and 300 min. Disinfection (100%) was obtained in 10 cm Teflon tubes exposed for 30 min (detection limit <5 CFU ml(-1)). The same result was obtained for a 20 cm Teflon tube exposed for 300 min. The disinfection rate was 96% for the 20 cm tube if the dose was reduced to 30 min. A disinfection rate of 99.99% was observed for a 10 cm peritoneal dialysis catheter tube (silicone) exposed for 300 min. Differences between the tubes were dependent on the differences in length and the type of the material. The UVC light was transmitted six times more efficiently in Teflon than in silicone tubes of equal length (10 cm). The germicidal effect to obtain a 99.99% killing rate for the biofilm ( approximately 78 J m(-2)) is comparable to that for the planktonic bacterium. It is concluded that there is potential for LED UVC light sources if they are used for disinfection of thin biofilms.