gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Model identification and control strategies for batch cooling crystallizers (1994)

Abstract The open‐loop optimal control strategy to regulate the crystal‐size distribution of batch cooling crystallizers handles input, output, and final‐time constraints, and is applicable to crystallization with size‐dependent growth rate, growth dispersion, and fines dissolution. The objective function can be formulated to consider solid‐liquid separation in subsequent processing steps. A model‐based control algorithm requires a model that accurately predicts system behavior. Uncertainty bounds on model parameter estimates are not reported in most crystallization model identification studies. This obscures the fact that resulting models are often based on experiments that do not provide sufficient information and are therefore unreliable. A method for assessing parameter uncertainty and its use in experimental design are presented. Measurements of solute concentration in the continuous phase and the transmittance of light through a slurry sample allow reliable parameter estimation. Uncertainty in the parameter estimates is decreased by data from experiments that achieve a wide range of supersaturation. The sensitivity of the control policy to parameter uncertainty, which connects the model identification and control problems, is assessed. The model identification and control strategies were experimentally verified on a bench‐scale KNO 3 ‐H 2 O system. Compared to natural cooling, increases in the weight mean size of up to 48% were achieved through implementation of optimal cooling policies.
<title>Nd:glass active rod thermo-optical distortions caused by millisecond pumping pulses</title> (2002)

The effect of a dynamic thermal lens on the radiation divergence of a high-energy free running mode neodymium glass laser with an unstable oscillator is presented. The effect of active rod thermal distortions on the temporal changes of output laser radiation are discussed. The dynamics of a thermal lens in neodymium glass GLS-6 of Ø45x300 mm is investigated.
Light and electron microscopical studies on the spherical neurons in the electrosensory lateral line lobe of the gymnotiform fish, <i>Sternopygus</i> (1990)

Spherical cells are a principal cell type of the electrosensory lateral line lobe (ELLL) and play a crucial role in the jamming avoidance response (JAR) behavior. Since Sternopygus, a low frequency gymnotiform genus, does not display a JAR we searched for spherical cells in its ELLL. While present in Sternopygus, spherical cells differed remarkedly from those in the high-frequency gymnotiforms, Eigenmannia and Apteronotus. This study reveals species-characteristic differences in the morphology and synaptology of the spherical cell, a projection neuron located in the deep neuropil layer (DNL) of the ELLL. In contrast to the adendritic spherical cell of other species, the spherical neuron in Sternopygus exhibits an extensive basilar dendrite that extends into the primary electroreceptive afferent zone, the deep fiber layer (DFL). In Sternopygus, these neurons are distributed evenly across the full length of each tuberous subdivision, with cell densities highest in the centrolateral subdivision. At the ultrastructural level, the contacts on the soma, proximal, and distal dendrite of the spherical neuron in Sternopygus are asymmetrical chemical synapses, quite distinct from the electrotonic gap junctions found on the spherical neurons of other species.
Abstract 5681: Flavokawain B down-regulates SKP2 through a proteasome-dependent and ubiquitin-independent pathway, and acts synergistically with Bortezomib on inhibition of Skp2 expression and prostate cancer cell growth (2010)

Abstract The E3 ubiquitin ligase SKP2 (S-phase kinase-associated protein 2), an oncogenic protein, was found to be overexpressed in 557 of 622 (89.2%) primary prostate cancer (PCa) samples and in 64 of 74 samples (86.4%) high-grade prostatic intra-epithelial neoplasia lesions. In addition, a transgenic mouse model with prostatic over-expression of SKP2 develops low-grade adenocarcinomas. These results suggest that SKP2 could be a potential target for PCa chemoprevention. In a search for SKP2 targeting agents for PCa chemoprevention, we found that Flavokawain B, a chalcone found in multiple edible plants- including roots of Alpinia speciosa (family Zingiberaceae) and Piper methysticum Forst (kava kava), potently down-regulates the protein expression of SKP2 in several prostate cancer cell lines (LNCaP, C4-2B, DU145 and PC3) at a concentration of 8.8 µM. More importantly, Flavokawain B reduces the cell viability of transfected PC3 cell line stably overexpressing SKP2 compared to vector control-transfected PC3 cells (IC50s are 7 and 26.4 µM, respectively), which suggest that flavokawain B may target SKP2 for its growth inhibitory effect. Flavokawain B treatment did not decrease the promoter activity and mRNA levels of SKP2. Instead, Flavokawain B decreases the protein levels of both a native and a myc-tagged SKP2 in PC3 cells through promoting its degradation. The degradation of the myc tagged SKP2 can be recovered by a proteasome inhibitor MG132. MG132 treatment resulted in an increase of ubquitinated SKP2, whereas Flavokawain B did not affect SKP2 ubquitination. These data suggest that the degradation of SKP2 by Flavokawain B may be through a proteasome-dependent and ubquitination-independent pathway. Interestingly, proteasome inhibitors (MG132 and Bortezomib) also down-regulate SKP2 mRNA expression through transcriptional inhibition, and combination of Bortezomib or MG132 with Flavokawain B exhibits a synergistic effect on SKP2 down-regulation and cell growth inhibition via induction of G2M arrest in PCa cell lines. Taken together, Flavokawain B is a novel SKP2 target agent and deserves further investigation for PCa chemoprevention and therapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5681.
Social-Psychological Harmonic Oscillators in the Self-Regulation of Organizations and Systems: The Physics of Conservation of Information (COI) (2010)

Using computational intelligence, our ultimate goal is to self-regulate systems composed of humans, machines and robots. Self-regulation is important for the control of mixed organizations and systems. An overview of self-regulation for organizations and systems, characterized by our solution of the tradeoffs between Fourier pairs of Gaussian distributions that affect decision-making differently, is provided. A mathematical outline of our solution and a sketch of future plans are provided.
Analytic expressions in stochastic max-plus-linear algebra (2014)

In stochastic max-plus-linear systems one often needs to compute the expectation of a max-plus-scaling function. The algorithms available in literature are either too computationally expensive or only give an approximation. In this paper we derive an analytic expression for this expectation in the case of a uniform distribution, resulting in a piecewise polynomial function in the components of the free control variable. This function can be evaluated in a quick and efficient way.
Regioselective functionalisation of triamantane (1978)

The C18H24 diamondoid hydrocarbon triamantane reacts with bromine largely at the 2-position and with lead tetrabenzoate largely at the 3-position; 2-bromotriamantane can be isomerised to 9-bromotriamantane and the 9-methyl derivative can be obtained directly from a C19H26 precursor by aluminium chloride-catalysed rearrangement.
The gut–joint axis: cross reactive food antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis (2006)

The production of cross reactive antibodies is strikingly increased in the gut of many RA patients. Their food related problems might reflect an adverse additive effect of multiple modest hypersensitivity reactions mediated, for instance, by immune complexes promoting autoimmune reactions in the joints.
Early‐ and Late‐onset Complications of the Ketogenic Diet for Intractable Epilepsy (2004)

Most complications of the KD are transient and can be managed easily with various conservative treatments. However, life-threatening complications should be monitored closely during follow-up.
Book Reviews (1966)

Book Reviews Get access GERHARD EIS. Vor und nach Paracelsus. Untersuchungen über Hohenheims Traditionsverbundenheit und Nachrichten über seine Anhänger. (Medizin in Geschichte und Kultur, Band 8). Stuttgart, Gustav FischerVerlag, 1965. viii, 183 pp. illus. DM 28. ALLEN G. DEBUS ALLEN G. DEBUS Department of History, University of ChicagoChicago, Illinois. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Volume XXI, Issue 2, April 1966, Pages 193–195, https://doi.org/10.1093/jhmas/XXI.2.193 Published: 01 April 1966
Disposal of mine water from a deep oil shale mine (1977)

A number of options were examined for the disposal of excess water from a deep room and pillar oil-shale mine. High fluoride levels in the water will prevent direct discharge. Evaporation via sprinkler irrigation was the least expensive option but could provide only limited capacity. Defluoridation via ion exchange was technically feasible but expensive. Reinjection into the major producing aquifer was the preferred solution. Computer simulations showed limited pressure effects due to reinjection.
Anti-jam distributed MIMO decoding using wireless sensor networks (2008)

Consider a set of sensors that wish to consent on the message broadcasted by a multi-antenna transmitter in the presence of white-noise jamming. The jammer's interference introduces correlation across receivers and destroys the decomposable form of the maximum-likelihood decoder, thus preventing direct application of known distributed detection algorithms. This paper develops distributed detectors that circumvent this problem. Treating the jammer signal as deterministic, we develop two distributed estimation-decoding algorithms. The first algorithm relies on the generalized likelihood ratio test, whereas the second algorithm relies on semi-definite relaxation techniques and is suitable for large alphabet sizes. Both algorithms feature: (i) distributed implementation requiring only single-hop communications; (ii) no constraints on the network topology so long as it is connected; and (iii) performance close to the optimum centralized detector in the presence of severe jamming.
Acid stress response and protein induction in Campylobacter jejuni isolates with different acid tolerance (2012)

A defined medium that supports the growth of a range of Campylobacter strains and suitable for proteomic analysis was developed. Mainly proteins normally involved in iron control and oxidative stress defence were induced during acid stress of C. jejuni. Both strain and acid type affected sensitivity and response.
In situ imaging of lung alveoli with an optical coherence tomography needle probe (2011)

In situ imaging of alveoli and the smaller airways with optical coherence tomography (OCT) has significant potential in the assessment of lung disease. We present a minimally invasive imaging technique utilizing an OCT needle probe. The side-facing needle probe comprises miniaturized focusing optics consisting of no-core and GRIN fiber encased within a 23-gauge needle. 3D-OCT volumetric data sets were acquired by rotating and retracting the probe during imaging. The probe was used to image an intact, fresh (not fixed) sheep lung filled with normal saline, and the results validated against a histological gold standard. We present the first published images of alveoli acquired with an OCT needle probe and demonstrate the potential of this technique to visualize other anatomical features such as bifurcations of the bronchioles.
Estudi experimental de viabilitat de les sutures digestives baixes amb adhesiu sintètic (cianocrilat) (2011)

La sutura intestinal baixa te com a objectiu comunicar dos segments recuperant el transit digestiu. Aquesta intervencio pot presentar una complicacio greu: la dehiscencia, ocasionant fugues, peritonitis, fistules i reintervencions, entre d'altres. Els cirurgians i la industria medico-quirurgica investiguen millores tecniques i mecaniques per evitar la dehiscencia. La cola sintetica Glubran 2 ha demostrat la seva potencia adhesiva, pel que s'avalua la seva viabilitat com a material de sutura unic. En un estudi experimental amb rates es compara la cola amb sutura manual. En la prova pilot la cola ha obtingut millors resultats en una prova de pressions.
In Vitro Strehl Ratios with Spherical, Aberration-Free, Average, and Customized Spherical Aberration-Correcting Intraocular Lenses (2009)

Reasonably well-centered aberration-correcting IOLs may provide considerably better image quality than conventional spherical IOLs. In the presence of significant postoperative decentration and tilt of the IOL, aberration-free IOLs are the safest option among the various intraocular lens designs.
An investigation into the corrosion behaviour of Zn coated NdFeB powder (2003)

Summary form only given. NdFeB magnets are well known for their favourable magnetic properties but find limited applications under harsh environmental conditions due to poor corrosion resistance. The work presented here forms part of a broader project to, (1) develop anisotropic polymer bonded NdFeB magnets with improved corrosion resistance, and (2) design a water pump for use in automotive applications. Prior to pressing and curing to form the magnets, the anisotropic powder is coated with a layer of zinc by the Low Pressure Pack Sublimation (LPPS) process. This paper reports on a preliminary investigation into the corrosion resistance properties of the unbonded powder, as it is expected that the properties of the powder will be, to a large extent, indicative of the corrosion resistance properties of the pressed magnet.
ChemInform Abstract: DARST. UND STRUKTUR VON RUTHENIUM‐ UND OSMIUMNITROSYLCARBONYLCLUSTERN MIT DOPPEL‐NITROSYLBRUECKEN (1972)

Abstract Ru 3 (CO) 12 bzw. Os3(CO)" reagieren mit NO zu den Clusterverbindungen (I), deren Kristall‐ und Molekularstruktur bestimmt wurde.
Immunologic Unresponsiveness in the Adult Guinea Pig (1965)

Summary It has been possible to induce specific immunologic unresponsiveness to protein antigens in adult guinea pigs with injections of small amounts of antigen in saline at the time of sensitization with the same antigen in complete Freund's adjuvant. Adult guinea pigs, receiving a single intravenous injection of 5 mg of human serum albumin (HSA) or bovine γ-globulin (BγG) in saline at the time of sensitization with 10 µg of the same antigen in complete Freund's adjuvant, showed depression of delayed hypersensitivity and antibody formation. The phenomenon was antigen specific and persisted for at least 8 to 16 weeks. Delayed reactivity and 7 S γ2- and macroglobulin antibody formation were suppressed more completely and for a longer time than was 7 S γ1 antibody. A similar but less persistent state of immunologic unresponsiveness was produced with one tenth the suppressing dose but not with 50 µg of antigen. Less unresponsiveness resulted when a larger sensitizing dose of antigen (1 mg) was employed. The 5-mg. suppressing dose was effective as long as 3 weeks prior to sensitization and when injected by routes other than the intravenous if administered at the time of adjuvant sensitization. The mechanism responsible for this phenomenon and its relation to other states of immunologic unresponsiveness are discussed.
Reductive Oligomerization of 1,2‐Di‐<i>tert</i>‐butyl‐1,1,2,2‐tetrachlorodisilane: The Tricyclo[2.2.0.0<sup>2,5</sup>]hexasilane and Tetracyclo[3.3.0.0<sup>2,7</sup>.0<sup>3,6</sup>]octasilane Systems (1988)

Highly strained polycyclic silanes such as the tetracyclooctasilane derivative 1 were obtained in a unique and somewhat unexpected way. Besides 1, mono- and tricyclic compounds were formed, but no compounds with cubane or prismane skeleton. To all appearances the carbon analogue of 1 still does not exist.
Optimization of the quality of South Indian <i>parotta</i> by modelling the ingredient composition using the response surface methodology (2001)

Abstract An optimized formulation was developed for the preparation of parotta. This was modelled by response surface methodology (RSM) by using a Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD) with five independent variables (water, salt, sugar, egg and oil), each at five different levels. The dependent variable or response measured for each treatment was the overall sensory quality score. The response surfaces and contour maps showing the interactions of ingredients indicated that the quality of parotta could be optimized by decreasing the percentage of water, increasing the percentage of oil and retaining salt, sugar and egg concentration within a narrow range of variation from mean levels. According to the RSM, the actual comparative amounts of ingredients at the maximum estimated overall sensory quality score of 95.9 were: wheat flour 100; water 56.3; salt 1.0; sugar 0.8; egg 9.6 and oil 16.6.
High thermal stability of carbon-coated L10-FePt nanoparticles prepared by salt-matrix annealing (2008)

Monodisperse L10-FePt nanoparticles with size ranging from 3to8nm were prepared by the salt-matrix annealing method. It was observed that the annealed particles have high thermal stability—no sintering occurred even when the particles were heated at 1100°C for an hour. This high thermal stability resulted from carbon coating of the particles during salt-matrix annealing as consequence of decomposition of surfactants.
The use of cerebral ventriculography for verification of intracerebroventricular cannula placement in the live rat. (1985)

A technique using cerebral ventriculography for verification of intracerebroventricular cannula placement in the live rat is described. A radiopaque contrast medium, diatrizoate meglumine, was injected into the right lateral ventricle through a cannula stereotaxically implanted into the brain. Radiographic visualization of the radiopaque contrast material in the lateral ventricle and the subarachnoid space verified cannula placement. Transient muscular spasms were observed in about 38% of the injected rats but no lasting changes were observed in the behavior or appearance of these rats.
<title>Vortex nucleation and evolution in parametric wave mixing</title> (2001)

We show the dynamics of evolution of screw phase-dislocations existing in the wave front of Gaussian beam with nested multiple-charged vortices that propagate in quadratic nonlinear crystals under conditions for seeded second-harmonic generation. The number of existing vortices is shown to depend on the input light and material conditions, including the topological charge, width and intensity of the pump and seed signals, as well as on the propagation length inside the crystal.
Reply to Kestelli et al. (2012)

We would like to thank Dr Mert Kestelli et al. [1] for their interest in our study [2] and for the issues they addressed in their letter. We agree with them that the reduction in the septal–lateral dimension of the mitral annulus provided by undersized ring annuloplasty may contribute to the decrease in the left ventricular (LV) volume after surgery. However, this effect alone is not sufficient to explain the occurrence of reverse LV remodelling which is a multifactorial process still rather difficult to predict as demonstrated by the fact that it could not be demonstrated in 43% of the patients in whom this end-point was assessed. As clearly described in Results section of our manuscript, associate procedures such as myocardial revascularization, successful ablation of atrial fibrillation and cardiac resynchronization therapy were not positively related to the occurrence of reverse remodelling. For some of them, such as cardiac resynchronization therapy, this lack of effect could probably be due to the small number of patients treated. The patients with preoperative asymmetric tethering were 18 (24%) and had a significantly higher recurrence rate of mitral regurgitation (MR) compared with those with preoperative symmetric tethering. In our opinion, this represents a very important finding that should be taken into consideration when selecting patients for whom an undersized annuloplasty is evaluated as a possible therapeutic option. According to our results, in the presence of prevalent restricted motion of the posterior leaflet, additional surgical techniques addressing the subvalvular apparatus or mitral replacement rather than repair should be considered. With regard to the recurrence of MR following undersized annuloplasty with a GeoForm ring, 9% of our patients had moderate-to-severe (3+/4+) mitral insufficiency at follow-up (and not 16% of them, a percentage that also includes the cases with 2+/4+ MR). This rate is comparable with that reported with other types of ring [3] and is likely to further decrease if preoperative predictors of repair failure identified so far will be taken into account during the decision-making process. However, we strongly disagree with Kestelli et al. about the use of flexible rings in functional MR since it has been demonstrated in several observational and randomized studies that they are associated with a higher rate of annular re-dilatation and MR recurrence compared with the rigid ones [4, 5], and their use should therefore be discouraged in this setting.
Using eigenvectors of the bigram graph to infer morpheme identity (2002)

This paper describes the results of some experiments exploring statistical methods to infer syntactic behavior of words and morphemes from a raw corpus in an unsupervised fashion. It shares certain points in common with Brown et al (1992) and work that has grown out of that: it employs statistical techniques to analyze syntactic behavior based on what words occur adjacent to a given word. However, we use an eigenvector decomposition of a nearest-neighbor graph to produce a two-dimensional rendering of the words of a corpus in which words of the same syntactic category tend to form neighborhoods. We exploit this technique for extending the value of automatic learning of morphology. In particular, we look at the suffixes derived from a corpus by unsupervised learning of morphology, and we ask which of these suffixes have a consistent syntactic function (e.g., in English, -tion is primarily a mark of nouns, but -s marks both noun plurals and 3rd person present on verbs), and we determine that this method works well for this task.