gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cyclooxygenase‐2 Regulates NLRP3 Inflammasome‐Derived IL‐1β Production (2014)

The NLR family, pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a reactive oxygen species-sensitive multiprotein complex that regulates IL-1β maturation via caspase-1. It also plays an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammation-related disease. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is induced by inflammatory stimuli and contributes to the pathogenesis of inflammation-related diseases. However, there is currently little known about the relationship between COX-2 and the NLRP3 inflammasome. Here, we describe a novel role for COX-2 in regulating the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. NLRP3 inflammasome-derived IL-1β secretion and pyroptosis in macrophages were reduced by pharmaceutical inhibition or genetic knockdown of COX-2. COX-2 catalyzes the synthesis of prostaglandin E2 and increases IL-1β secretion. Conversely, pharmaceutical inhibition or genetic knockdown of prostaglandin E2 receptor 3 reduced IL-1β secretion. The underlying mechanisms for the COX-2-mediated increase in NLRP3 inflammasome activation were determined to be the following: (1) enhancement of lipopolysaccharide-induced proIL-1β and NLRP3 expression by increasing NF-κB activation and (2) enhancement of the caspase-1 activation by increasing damaged mitochondria, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production and release of mitochondrial DNA into cytosol. Furthermore, inhibition of COX-2 in mice in vivo with celecoxib reduced serum levels of IL-1β and caspase-1 activity in the spleen and liver in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. These findings provide new insights into how COX-2 regulates the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and suggest that it may be a new potential therapeutic target in NLRP3 inflammasome-related diseases.
White paper: honeypot, honeynet, honeytoken: terminological issues (2003)

Many different terms, definitions and classifications for honeypots, honeynets and other honeytokens have been proposed by several authors during the last 3 years. In this document, we offer a summary of the various proposals and we discuss their advantages and drawbacks. We also offer our own definition at the end of the paper.
Corneal endothelial cell transplantation using Descemet's membrane as a carrier (1993)

Rabbit corneal endothelial cells were transplanted into the right eyes of four New Zealand white rabbits using bovine Descemet's membrane as a cell carrier. Descemet's membranes were dissected from cow eyes, flattened on 36 mm culture dishes, and cut into discs with a 6 mm trephine. Rabbit corneal endothelial cells were seeded onto the discs and maintained in tissue culture conditions for seven days until a complete monolayer with a cell density of 3,000 cells/mm2 was formed. Before transplantation, corneal edema was induced in the host animals by an endothelial scrape wound, which removed the corneal endothelium. Five weeks later, the animals were prepared for transplantation. A corneal button was cut and placed on a dissection table so the host Descemet's membrane could be removed. The donor Descemet's membrane with a complete monolayer of rabbit corneal endothelial cells was placed on the stroma of the corneal button. To keep the donor membrane in place, the button was cauterized at three peripheral points and sutured back into the host eye. Prednisolone sodium phosphate eyedrops and dexamethasone eyedrops and ointment were applied twice daily during the post-operative period. All grafts stayed clear for a period of 12 to 17 weeks. This study shows the potential for using Descemet's membrane as a carrier for corneal endothelial cell transplantation.
[The dynamic change of extracellular matrix in human coronary atherogenesis]. (1998)

Over-expression of type I, III procollagen, biglycan and decorin mRNAs was related to the increase of type I, III collagen and CSPG in the atherosclerotic lesions. Proliferation of SMC, augmentation of type I, III collagen and CSPG and change of the proportion between collagen and CSPG are considered to play an important role in the development of coronary atherosclerosis.
A bioencapsulation and drying method increases shelf life and efficacy of <i>Metarhizium brunneum</i> conidia (2017)

This study reports the development of encapsulated and dried entomopathogenic fungus Metarhiuzm brunneum with reduced conidia content, increased conidiation, a high drying survival and enhanced shelf life. Dried beads prepared with the fillers corn starch, potato starch, carboxymethylcellulose or autoclaved baker's yeast, showed enhanced survival with increasing filler content. The maximum survival of 82% was found for beads with 20% corn starch at <0.1 water activity. While increasing starch content inhibits the conidiation, autoclaved baker's yeast and a combination with starch enhanced the conidiation to 1.0 × 10<sup>8</sup> conidia/bead. Beads with conidia content reduced to 0.01% multiplied conidia in a "microfermentation" by the factor 1000. A bioassay confirmed that conidia formed from rehydrated beads were virulent against Tenebrior molitor larvae. After six months of storage, encapsulated conidia showed improved shelf life compared to non-formulated conidia. This "microfermenter" will pave the way for encapsulated fungi to be used as cost-effective biocontrol agents.
A Procedure to Study Sub-Synchronous Interactions in Wind Integrated Power Systems (2012)

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of sub-synchronous interactions in a wind integrated power system to understand and mitigate them. The proposed procedure has two steps. In the first step, a frequency scan is performed to determine the presence of resonant frequencies in the sub-synchronous range. In the second step, a detailed small signal analysis is performed. Participation factors are used to identify the state variables that are involved in the interaction, and the controllability indices are used to determine the mitigation method. It is shown that the sub-synchronous interaction present in Type 3 wind turbine-generators connected to the grid through series compensated lines is an electrical resonance between the generator and the series compensated line which is highly sensitive to the rotor side converter current controller gains.
Implant Absorption, Performance and Tissue Analysis for Beef Steers Implanted with Diethylstilbestrol and Fed an All-Concentrate Diet (1974)

Four lots of 16 steers each were fed an all-concentrate diet and each steer was administered two ear implants equivalent to 30 mg total diethylstilbestrol (DES). At 14 days, one steer from each lot was slaughtered for tissue samples of muscle, kidney and liver and the residual implants were retrieved from the ears of these slaughtered steers. Residual ear implants were retrieved from all remaining steers in lots 1, 2, 3 and 4 at 28, 56, 84 and 119 days, respectively. At these times, five steers from the respective lots were slaughtered for tissue samples and 10 steers were returned to the lots to complete the feedlot trial after surgical removal of the implants. At 119 days, ruminal fluid samples for pH and volatile fatty acid analyses were obtained from the steers that had been returned to each lot, and then the steers were slaughtered. The absorption of DES from ear implants followed the exponential curve y = 11.6e -.014X, where y = mg DES, e = base of the natural logarithm and × = days. Rate of gain did not differ among lots, and only slight differences in ruminal pH and VFA were noted among lots. Feed efficiency, carcass grade and carcass yield were similar for the 84- and 119-day lots, and greater for those lots than for the 28- and 56-day lots. There was an average incidence of 79% abscessed livers. DES, measured by gas-liquid chromatography techniques with a lower limit of sensitivity of 0.5 ppb, was not found in ß-glucuronidase hydrolyzed extracts of muscle and kidney tissues or liver tissue obtained 56, 84 and 119 days after implantation. The concentration of DES and its glucuronide conjugate was near 0.5 ppb for some liver tissue samples during the first month after implantation. In a second trial, steers were implanted with 30, 60 or 120 mg DES per steer. There was no apparent increase in the concentration of DES and its conjugate in tissues relative to the level of implanted DES.
Ocular hypotensive effect of ramiprilat in chronic and acute models of glaucoma in rabbits (1999)

Objective: To study the effect of ramiprilat on experimentally induced acute and chronic glaucoma in rabbits.

Methods : Acute glaucoma was produced by i.v. infusion of 5% glucose in rabbits. Injection of alpha-chymotrypsin into posterior chamber of rabbit eye produced sustained elevation of intra ocular pressure (IOP) which lasted for almost 3 months. The effect of ramiprilat(0.1%) and ramipril(0.1%) was studied in these models of glaucoma. The interaction of ramiprilat with acetylcholine was studied on isolated rat ileum . Effect of ramiprilat on the enzyme cholinesterase and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) was studied biochemically.

Results : Ramiprilat produced significant fall in IOP in normotensive rabbit eyes and also in rabbits with alpha-chymotrypsin induced glaucoma. It prevented the acute rise in IOP due to infusion of 5% glucose. It caused significant potentiation of responses to acetylcholine in isolated rat ileum preparation. True as well as pseudo cholinesterase enzymes of human blood and ACE in aqueous humor were found to be significantly inhibited by ramiprilat.

Conclusion: Our data suggest a potential ocular hypotensive activity of ramiprilat which may be due to inhibition of ACE (Kininase-II) and cholinesterase.
WILLIAM STANLEY JEVONS (1835–1882) (1961)

Journal Article WILLIAM STANLEY JEVONS (1835–1882) Get access R. D. COLLISON BLACK R. D. COLLISON BLACK Department of Economics, The Queen's UniversityBelfast Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume 8, Issue 3, March 1961, Pages 111-g–112, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/8-3-111g Published: 01 March 1961
Tunable acoustooptic reflection filters in LiNbO/sub 3/ without a Doppler shift (1989)

A proposal is presented for an acoustooptic filter in LiNbO/sub 3/ without the Doppler shift, which is normally present in acoustooptic filters and which is undesirable as an intracavity element. This tunable filter has a significantly wider tuning range than previously demonstrated electrooptic filters. A structure incorporating an interdigital acoustic transducer, polarization filter, and single-mode optical waveguide is shown. The design presented works by cascading two acoustooptic filters with an intermediate polarizer, where the Doppler shift experienced in the first filter is precisely compensated for in the second filter. Hence, the output light of the two cascaded acoustooptic filters is not shifted in frequency, thus making the device suitable for applications inside a laser cavity. The filter with intermediate polarizer can be integrated with a single-mode waveguide and requires only a single interdigital acoustic transducer. Crystal symmetry and acoustic power considerations are treated in detail.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Abstraction mechanisms in hypertext (1988)

Abstraction is the means by which information can be stored and retrieved from an information structure at different levels of detail and from different perspectives. As such, abstraction mechanisms in hypertext are interesting to evaluate from a theoretical perspective as they become various first-order logic formulae.
Common-offset migrations and velocity analysis (1990)

Prestack depth migration is very sensitive to velocity errors. This can make it an excellent tooI for velocity analysis. However, to get maximum benefit from this sensitivity to velocity we must choose our algorithm carefully. Most of the sensitivity to velocity arises from the normal moveout (NMO) term, i.e. from the alignment corrections to data recorded at different offsets. It therefore makes sense, in the context of velocity analysis, to design the prestack migration so that the overall procedure does not apply NMO according to a preconceived velocity model.
Sequences Downstream of the Transcription Initiation Site Modulate the Activity of the Murine Dihydrofolate Reductase Promoter (1990)

The murine dihydrofolate reductase gene is regulated by a bidirectional promoter that lacks a TATA box. To identify the DNA sequences required for dihydrofolate reductase transcription, the activities of various templates were determined by in vitro transcription analysis. Our data indicate that sequences both upstream and downstream of the transcription initiation site modulate the activity of the dihydrofolate reductase promoter. We have focused on two regions downstream of the transcription initiation site that are important in determining the overall efficiency of the promoter. Region 1, which included exon 1 and part of intron 1, could stimulate transcription when placed in either orientation in the normal downstream position and when inserted upstream of the transcription start site. This region could also stimulate transcription in trans when the enhancer was physically separate from the promoter. Deletion of region 2, spanning 46 nucleotides of the 5' untranslated region, reduced transcriptional activity by fivefold. DNase I footprinting reactions identified protein-binding sites in both downstream stimulatory regions. Protein bound to two sites in region 1, both of which contain an inverted CCAAT box. The protein-binding site in the 5' untranslated region has extensive homology to binding sites in promoters that both lack (simian virus 40 late) and contain (adenovirus type 2 major late promoter and c-myc) TATA boxes.
Hashing Directory Scheme for NAND Flash File System (2007)

Flash memory, especially NAND flash memory, has become a major method for data storage in mobile systems because of its small size, shock resistance, and low power consumption. When the flash memory is used, conventional file systems cannot be used upon a bare flash memory due to physical characteristics. Instead, few flash file systems are developed which use the direct interfaces with flash memory. However, their data recording method have problems as the capacity of flash increases, because these use log based data recording method, which means that they encapsulate the metadata information into the data node for all files when data are written. Their method is good for the small capacity of flash memory, but not adequate for large sizes because it consumes more mount time, memory footprint and operation times as capacity increases. In this paper, we present an efficient metadata management scheme of flash file system for giga scale flash memory. Specifically, we design the hashing directory structure for directory management and two level index structure for file index management. These management scheme can reduce the file system mount time and memory footprint during runtime.
The Role of Computers in Medical Research (1966)

The purpose of research in medicine is to find new relationships and refine knowledge of already known relationships among the elements which constitute living systems and to find better ways of using this knowledge for prediction and control of the living system. The computer brings to the researcher in almost any phase of medical research a means for amplifying his own powers of observation and insight. It is the purpose of this paper to discuss two of the ways in which computers are presently being used to serve these purposes, namely, on-line data processing and computer simulation of living systems. Storage, Transformation, and Display of Data Many new devices have been developed in recent years for the storage and display of information. As a point of reference, consider the strip chart recorder used by most physicians for recording the electrocardiogram. This useful device has limitations, however, in that generally (1)
Cell-Free Protein Synthesis and the Genetic Code (1962)

In addition to determining the base composition for fifteen amino acids, this paper by Nirenberg and Matthaei reaches the following tentative conclusions: that the genetic code is degenerate, at least partly universal, and still partly unknown. The number and sequence of nucleotides, amount of degeneracy and polarity, and chemical nature of nucleotides are also discussed.
Diversifying web service recommendation results via exploring service usage history (2015)

The last decade has witnessed a tremendous growth of web services as a major technology for sharing data, computing resources, and programs on the web. With the increasing adoption and presence of web services, design of novel approaches for effective web service recommendation to satisfy users’ potential requirements has become of paramount importance. Existing web service recommendation approaches mainly focus on predicting missing QoS values of web service candidates which are interesting to a user using collaborative filtering approach, content-based approach, or their hybrid. These recommendation approaches assume that recommended web services are independent to each other, which sometimes may not be true. As a result, many similar or redundant web services may exist in a recommendation list. In this paper, we propose a novel web service recommendation approach incorporating a user's potential QoS preferences and diversity feature of user interests on web services. User's interests and QoS preferences on web services are first mined by exploring the web service usage history. Then we compute scores of web service candidates by measuring their relevance with historical and potential user interests, and their QoS utility. We also construct a web service graph based on the functional similarity between web services. Finally, we present an innovative diversity-aware web service ranking algorithm to rank the web service candidates based on their scores, and diversity degrees derived from the web service graph. Extensive experiments are conducted based on a real world web service dataset, indicating that our proposed web service recommendation approach significantly improves the quality of the recommendation results compared with existing methods.
Temperature effect on the electrical resistivity of metal/polymer composites (1978)

Abstract In this paper the effect of temperature and filler content ϕ on electrical resistivity of styrene‐acrylonitrile polymer filled with iron or aluminium powders has been investigated. The resistivity of such composites decreases suddenly by several orders of magnitude at a critical volume concentration ϕ c , which depends on the size distribution of particles and on thermal history. For filler content lower than ϕ c , the resistivity decreases with increasing temperature, whereas for ϕ > ϕ c there is a sudden increase in resistivity at temperatures near the glass transition temperature of the polymeric matrix. This effect is more pronounced than the previously reported data on other composite systems.
Substituting GPS and Dead Reckoning for LRT Non-Vital Signal Elements (2009)

This paper focuses on the potential for utilizing the technological advances of global positioning systems (GPS) to reduce operating and maintenance costs for non-vital signals elements on street running light rail transit (LRT) systems. Non-vital elements include, but are not limited to, on-board and station announcements; traffic signal prioritization and pre-emption; grade crossing initiations; automatic vehicle location (AVL); intersection stop bar infringement; and route selection at interlockings. Some potential additional applications could include maximum speed limit control, headway maintenance, and indications of a LRV on the wrong track proceeding in the wrong direction. Use of GPS would eliminate embedded loops in the trackway and reduce the need for other wayside detection equipment. GPS is software based and scalable allowing for ease of modification and adjustment over time. The GPS technology has the potential to allow street-running LRT systems to significantly reduce both capital and maintenance costs while maintaining system and passenger safety. An on-board dead reckoning system would be used, as an adjunct to the GPS system, allowing the Control Center to determine the current position of an LRT vehicle should the GPS satellite signal be interrupted or disturbed. Houston METRO has conducted a pilot study of GPS use with LRT and is planning to expand its usage in the near future. METRO implemented the pilot program to address a specific safety issue related to operator error but soon realized it could also be the solution to a persistent maintenance problem for the system related to circuit failures under severe rain conditions. The METRO Red Line runs line-of-sight operations and there had been a number of instances where the operator passed bar stop signals and became involved in accidents. METRO searched for a way to monitor and discipline operators that was fair and impartial. The initial test program results indicate that differential GPS with complementary dead reckoning is both feasible and cost effective for street running LRT systems.
Roflumilast improves corticosteroid resistance COPD bronchial epithelial cells stimulated with toll like receptor 3 agonist (2015)

Altogether, our data provide in vitro evidence for a possible clinical utility to add roflumilast on top of inhaled corticosteroid in COPD.
Evolution of particle-velocity correlations in sedimentation (2001)

The velocity field of a dilute monodisperse sedimenting suspension is measured as a function of time with the Eulerian particle image velocimetry technique. The sedimentation process is observed to be dominated by vortices of the size of the container in the initial moments after the cessation of mixing, which diminish with time and seem to reach an ultimate size ≈15–20 mean interparticle distances.
EDFA gain equalizer employing linearly chirped apodized fiber gratings (1996)

We propose and design a novel EDFA equalizer based on a transmissive filter composed of two or more linearly chirped apodized fiber gratings (LCAFGs). © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Large‐Scale Synthesis of MoS<sub>2</sub> Bucky Onions (2007)

The MoS2 Bucky Onions with nesting spherical layered closed-cage structure were obtained by MoS3 precursors heated at high temperature in hydrogen atmosphere. The MoS2 Bucky Onions are spherical particles with diameter ranging 60–200 nm.
Proposed criteria for use of the critical radiant flux test method (1975)

The objective of this discussion is to present background and other technical data that will help in suggesting criteria to be used in conjunction with the Flooring Radiant Panel Test to determine the potential contribution to fire growth of floor covering systems for use in corridors and exitways.