gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Citrus Limonoids: Analysis, Bioactivity, and Biomedical Prospects (2007)

Limonoids are a prominent group of secondary metabolites in citrus fruit. The bitter character of some compounds in this group has historically compromised the quality of citrus fruit and juice. Detecting bitter limonoids in citrus, understanding their origins, and developing methods for their removal from citrus juices have provided the basis for citrus limonoid research. Evaluation of the biological activity of citrus limonoids has indicated the potential of these compounds to improve human health as anticancer, cholesterol-lowering, and antiviral agents. This review chronicles the evolution of citrus limonoid research from defining their participation in citrus bitterness to their potential utilization as important contributors to improving human health and well-being.
Effects of Acamprosate on Sleep During Alcohol Withdrawal: A Double‐Blind Placebo‐Controlled Polysomnographic Study in Alcohol‐Dependent Subjects (2006)

The present study shows that acamprosate ameliorates both sleep continuity and sleep architecture parameters classically described as disturbed in alcohol-dependent patients. From a clinical perspective, it suggests that an 8-day acamprosate prewithdrawal treatment is well tolerated and can attenuate the sleep disturbances engendered by alcohol withdrawal in alcohol-dependent subjects.
Arthroscopic bankart suture repair: Technique and early results (1987)

Abstract Twenty‐five recurrent traumatic unidirectional anterior shoulder dislocators were stabilized arthroscopically with a transglenoid absorbable suturing technique. A Bankart lesion was documented and repaired in all cases. Postoperative follow‐up averaged 17 months (range 1 year to 30 months). All results were rated excellent. All patients achieved full, painless range of motion (ROM), and no instances of postoperative instability occurred. There were no complications. The details of the operative technique are described.
Diagnosis and treatment of heart failure based on left ventricular systolic or diastolic dysfunction (1994)

Data from large and small clinical trials reflect major differences in the pathophysiology, treatment, and prognosis of left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic dysfunction. These studies also indicate that medical therapy can benefit patients with LV dysfunction regardless of whether or not they are symptomatic. Because the descriptive term congestive heart failure does not provide for these important distinctions, a new classification of LV dysfunction has been developed in which patients with LV dysfunction are categorized on the basis of normal or abnormal systolic function. This classification is based on a simple assessment of LV function, it is applicable to patients without symptoms, and it reflects differences in treatment and prognosis. Those with clinically significant LV systolic dysfunction (ie, an LV ejection fraction <40%) benefit from therapy whether or not they have symptoms of heart failure. Those with LV dysfunction and a normal LV ejection fraction (ie, diastolic dysfunction) also benefit from medical therapy. Annual mortality is higher in those with systolic dysfunction than in those with diastolic dysfunction, but within each of these categories mortality is higher in those with symptoms than in those without. This classification can be useful in the diagnosis and treatment of individual patients as well as in epidemiologic surveys designed to assess medical practice patterns. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;271:1276-1280)
Conjugation of Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin and Deoxycholic Acid for the Development of a New Oral Anticoagulant Agent (2001)

LMWH(6 kDa)-DOCA was found to have a high anticoagulant effect when administered orally and could be used as a new oral anticoagulant agent. Furthermore, the present work proposed a new method for oral delivery of macromolecules and polysaccharide drugs.
The radio proximity fuse (1947)

One of the most closely guarded technical secrets of World War II, the proximity fuse was developed to counteract the natural defenses of both the airplane and the infantry. This review of the conception, the construction, and use of the fuse reveals how almost 100 per cent accuracy was built into the artillery of the Allies in World War II.
Replicating real‐time garbage collector (2010)

Abstract Real‐time Java is becoming a viable platform for real‐time applications, bringing new challenges to a garbage collector. A real‐time collector has to be incremental as not to cause deadline misses by suspending an application for too long. In particular, if a real‐time collector has to relocate objects in the heap, it must do so incrementally and transparently to the application. This is usually achieved via an indirection that has to be followed on every read and write to the heap. We present an alternative solution, based on object replication, which does not need any special handling for memory reads, but writes are more expensive: every value is written twice. As writes are less frequent than reads, the total overhead is reduced. With our implementation in a research real‐time Java VM and DaCapo, pseudo‐jbb, and SPEC JVM 98 benchmarks, we observe an average speed‐up of 4% on a Linux/x86 platform. Compared with an existing technique for parallel systems, our technique targets uni‐processor green‐threading embedded systems, allowing us to design simpler and more predictable mutator barriers. Thanks to cheap synchronization provided by green threading, our technique features atomic writes to object replicas, providing programmers with the natural behavior in face of unprotected access to shared variables. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Considerations in the design of a one‐axis tracking photovoltaic system (1994)

Abstract With the growing construction of large grid‐connected photovoltaic plants, the need to maximize energy collection and reduce costs is obvious. the use of tracking systems permits not only the maximization of energy collection but also a gain in the efficiency of DC to AC conversion. Nevertheless, when compared with stationary systems the literature points out some disadvantages, such as increased expense and more shadowing losses (or greater land area requirement). In this work we examine some alternatives regarding the electrical configuration of the panels for north‐south horizontal axis tracking. the choice of the best alternative produces similar results in terms of ground cover ratio, shadowing factor and costs when compared with stationary systems.
Determining the Best Diversion Methods for Tight Gas Sand Stimulation (2010)

Abstract Producing natural gas from Tight Gas Sand (TGS) reservoirs is currently very important to the industry in North America and will be of increasing importance to the global energy industry in the coming decades. Many wells are completed and drilled each year in thick, tight gas reservoirs that have many individual layers that can contribute to production if adequately perforated and stimulated. It is important to select a diversion technique that allows access to the most layers with the most gas in place at minimal costs. However, we have found essentially no papers in the petroleum literature that provide a logical method for selecting the best diverting method for a given set of reservoir conditions. There are papers that discuss successful field cases where specific diversion methods seem to work for specific reservoirs. We have used many of these SPE papers to help define "best-practices" concerning the selection of diversion technologies in completing tight gas sands with thick, multiple pay zones. We then developed logic to give advice to the user on the best diverting methods for specific reservoir conditions. In this paper, we will specifically cover the logic we have developed for choosing methods for diverting fracture treatments. The effort to develop a model to determine the best diversion methods is part of our effort to build software that we call TGS Advisor. TGS Advisor can be used to provide advice to engineers developing TGS reservoirs. The program can be described as an "Advisory System". The user enters the reservoir data that are known and the program provides advice on how to drill, complete and stimulate the reservoirs identified in the well. We have combined knowledge from the petroleum literature and interviews with experts with detailed calculations to build the TGS Advisor program. We evaluated the results of the advisory system with published case histories in the SPE literature. We have included examples of how TGS Advisor can help the user to determine appropriate diversion technologies for given reservoir conditions.
Atlas do trabalho escravo no Brasil (2012)

Americanae nace como un proyecto conjunto que surge dentro de la Red Europea de Información y Documentación sobre América Latina (REDIAL), y que ha afrontado la Biblioteca de la Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo (AECID). Esta nueva biblioteca virtual hace más accesibles los libros digitales de tema americanista a los investigadores y usuarios interesados de cualquier parte del mundo.
DUB-2A, a new member of the DUB subfamily of hematopoietic deubiquitinating enzymes (2001)

Protein ubiquitination is an important regulator of cytokine-activated signal transduction pathways and hematopoietic cell growth. Protein ubiquitination is controlled by the coordinate action of ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes and deubiquitinating enzymes. Recently a novel family of genes encoding growth-regulatory deubiquitinating enzymes (DUB-1 and DUB-2) has been identified. DUBs are immediate-early genes and are induced rapidly and transiently in response to cytokine stimuli. By means of polymerase chain reaction amplification with degenerate primers for the DUB-2 complementary DNA, 3 murine bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones that contain DUB gene sequences were isolated. One BAC contained a novel DUB gene (DUB-2A) with extensive homology to DUB-2. Like DUB-1 and DUB-2, the DUB-2A gene consists of 2 exons. The predicted DUB-2A protein is highly related to other DUBs throughout the primary amino acid sequence, with a hypervariable region at its C-terminus. In vitro, DUB-2A had functional deubiquitinating activity; mutation of its conserved amino acid residues abolished this activity. The 5' flanking sequence of the DUB-2A gene has a hematopoietic-specific functional enhancer sequence. It is proposed that there are at least 3 members of the DUB subfamily (DUB-1, DUB-2, and DUB-2A) and that different hematopoietic cytokines induce specific DUB genes, thereby initiating a cytokine-specific growth response. (Blood. 2001;98:636-642)
Psalm 90 und die «Vergänglichkeit des Menschen» (1994)

En raison des formes verbales employees, le Ps 90 ne devrait pas etre compris comme une lamentation sur la brievete de la vie humaine, mais plutot comme une lamentation sur la duree d'une situation collective de detresse qui se reflete dans la fragilite humaine. Dans le contexte du quatrieme livre du psautier (Ps 90-106), il faut sans doute penser a l'exil qui se prolonge jusqu'a l'epoque du psalmiste. Dans ce cadre, le Ps 90 veut savoir si et comment l'homme fragile peut faire l'experience de la faveur et du salut divins dans une situation d'exil de longue duree. Les autres textes du quatrieme livre du Psautier proposent de possibles reponses a cette question tout en se referant plus ou moins explicitement au Ps 90
Hyper customized processors for bio-sequence database scanning on FPGAs (2005)

Protein sequences with unknown functionality are often compared to a set of known sequences to detect functional similarities. Efficient dynamic-programming algorithms exist for solving this problem, however current solutions still require significant scan times. These scan time requirements are likely to become even more severe due to exponential database growth. In this paper we present a new approach to bio-sequence database scanning using re-configurable FPGA-based hardware platforms to gain high performance at low cost. Efficient mappings of the Smith-Waterman algorithm using fine-grained parallel processing elements (PEs) that are tailored towards the parameters of a query have been designed. We use customization opportunities available at run-time to dynamically hyper customize the systolic array to make better use of available resource. Our FPGA implementation achieves a speedup of approximately 170 for linear gap penalties and 125 for affine gap penalties as compared to a standard desktop computing platform. We show how hyper-customization at run-time can be used to further improve the performance.
A Bayesian Network for online evaluation of sparse features based multitarget tracking (2012)

Online evaluation of tracking algorithms has received attentions in computer vision community to detect failures and apply correction methods for achieving better performances. In this paper, a novel online evaluation framework is proposed for a multitarget feature points based object tracking. An online partial least square regression and correlation model is constructed from short trajectory histories for the tracks. The model allows to estimate the state of one track from the other track states. The core idea for the method is creating a virtual reference data for evaluation from the learned model. The proposed self-evaluation mechanism is presented as a Dynamic Bayesian Network. The method is evaluated on a simulation data for tracking feature points from a pedestrian.
An Exact Algorithm for Constrained Two-Dimensional Two-Staged Cutting Problems (2005)

The constrained two-dimensional cutting (C_TDC) problem consists of determining a cutting pattern of a set of n small rectangular piece types on a rectangular stock plate S with length L and width W, to maximize the sum of the profits of the pieces to be cut. Each piece type i, i=1,…,n, is characterized by a length l i , a width w i , a profit (or weight) c i , and an upper demand value b i . The upper demand value is the maximum number of pieces of type i that can be cut on S. In this paper, we study the two-staged C_TDC problem, noted C_2TDC. It is a classical variant of the C_TDC where each piece is produced, in the final cutting pattern, by at most two cuts. We solve the C_2TDC problem using an exact algorithm that is mainly based on a bottom-up strategy. We introduce new lower and upper bounds and propose new strategies that eliminate several duplicate patterns. We evaluate the performance of the proposed exact algorithm on problem instances extracted from the literature and compare it to the performance of an existing exact algorithm.
Design of Boost Circuit for Wind Generator (2013)

Abstract — This paper presents the design and implementation of a power converter for an autonomous wind induction generator (IG) feeding an isolated load through the PWM-based novel soft-switching interleaved boost converter. The output voltage and frequency of the wind IG is inherently variable due to random fluctuation of wind-speed variation. The interleaved boost converter composed of two shunted elementary boost conversion units and an auxiliary inductor. This converter is able to turn on both the active power switches at zero voltage to reduce their switching losses and evidently raise the conversion efficiency. Since the two parallel-operated elementary boost units are identical, operation analysis and design for the converter module becomes quite simple. A three-phase induction machine model and a three-phase rectifier-inverter model based on a-b-c reference frame are used to simulate the performance of the generation system. It can be concluded from the simulated results that the designed power converters with adequate control scheme can effectively improve the performance of output voltage and frequency of the IG feeding an isolated load. Index Terms — wind power generator, rectifier-inverter circuit, pulse width modulation (PWM), interleaved boost converter, soft switching.
Impact of Laparoscopic Uterosacral Nerve Ablation on Menstrual Migraine (2006)

Background: Whether laparoscopic uterosacral nerve ablation (LUNA) can lessen the severity of menstrual pain is still a matter of debate. This study tried to evaluate the impact of LUNA on patients who had menstrual migraine. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted. Between 1993 and 2002, 258 consecutive patients underwent LUNA for the treatment of dysmenorrhea. The primary outcome measure was the rate of improvement of menstrual migraine among those patients who underwent LUNA evaluated by headache score. The secondary outcome measure was the difference between LUNA responders and LUNA nonresponders at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months from surgery. Clinically relevant improvement in menstrual migraine was defined as a 25% or greater improvement on headache score at 3 months' postoperative follow-up from baseline. Results: Of the 258 patients who underwent LUNA, 39 (15.1%) patients had concurrent menstrual migraine. After LUNA, 10 (25.6%) patients had clinically relevant improvement in headache score. Thirty-nine (39) patients were further subdivided into LUNA responders and LUNA nonresponders. For LUNA responders, there was significant improvement in headache score 12 months after LUNA than it was at baseline (mean difference = 28, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 23–38; p = 0.001). For LUNA nonresponders, there was no significant improvement in headache score 12 months after LUNA than it was at baseline (mean difference = 4, 95% CI=−3–6; p = 0.525). Conclusions: Menstrual migraine may be better alleviated in LUNA responders than LUNA nonresponders. (J GYNECOLOGIC SURG 22:97)
A Prospective Study of Breast Cancer Risk Using Routine Mammographic Breast Density Measurements (2004)

Mammographic breast density is a major risk factor for breast cancer but estimates of the relative risk associated with differing density patterns have varied widely. It is also unclear how menopausal status influences this association and to what extent the effects of density are due to its correlation with other risk factors. Most recent investigations of breast density have been case-control studies, which provide indirect estimates of relative risk. We have prospectively followed 61,844 women for an average of 3.1 years to directly estimate risk among women in the four mammographic breast density categories defined by the American College of Radiology's Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS). The study was population-based and used density assessments routinely made by community radiologists. Cox regression was used to obtain age-adjusted relative risk estimates and to control for other risk factors. Risk increased with density and the risk associated with extremely dense breasts, relative to entirely fatty breasts, was 4.6 (95% confidence interval, 1.7-12.6) for premenopausal women and 3.9 (95% confidence interval, 2.6-5.8) for postmenopausal women. Estimates for pre- and postmenopausal women did not differ significantly. Although breast density was significantly related to body mass index, age at first childbirth, and postmenopausal hormone use (P < 0.001), adjustment for these variables only slightly altered the relative risk estimates. Our results correspond well to those from case-control studies using more quantitative measures of mammographic breast density and suggest that routine Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System density measurements may be useful in models for assessing breast cancer risk in individual women.
Ultra-Broadband Femtosecond Measurements of the Photo-Induced Phase Transition in VO<sub>2</sub>: From the Mid-IR to the Hard X-rays (2006)

We review our work on the photo-induced insulator–metal transition in the strongly-correlated, spin-Peierls compound VO 2 . Our pump-probe experiments exploit the full spectral range of modern femtosecond science, combining time-resolved mid-IR and visible techniques with ultrafast soft x-ray absorption and hard x-ray diffraction. We also report on the switching behavior of VO 2 nanoparticles embedded in Silica or in optical fibers, a new route to incorporate complex, photo-active materials into technologically viable environments.
The Effects of Magnetic Fields on the Nucleation and Growth of Gypsum Crystals (1974)

Abstract Aqueous supersaturated solutions of Calcium Sulphate Dihydrate (Gypsum) have been magnetically treated by passing the former at high velocities through fields of permanent magnets and also using the “Polar Water Conditioner”. No effects have been observed on either the nucleation or the growth process, at least up to magnetic field intensities of 16 KOe and solution velocities of about 170 cm/sec. Possible reasons have been given for this behaviour and for observations of other authors who have claimed positive results.
Primordial Germ Cells in Blood Smears from Chick Embryos (1967)

The feasibility of studying avian primordial germ cells in blood smears has been demonstrated. Blood smears prepared from chick embryos of stages 13 to 15 (48 to 55 hours) contained primordial germ cells, which were revealed by the periodic acidSchiff reaction. The presence of glycogen in the cytoplasm of the primordial germ cells facilitated their selective identification.
Oxidation and Electrical Conductivity Behavior of Spinel Coatings for Metallic Interconnects of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (2007)

Spinel coatings of Cu-Mn-O and Co-Mn-O were obtained on UNS S43000 stainless steel by oxidation of electroplated metal coatings. It was demonstrated that the coatings can effectively provide a conductive path to the metallic substrate. The area-specific resistance of both Cu-Mn and Co-Mn spinels was 0.003 Ω·cm2 after oxidation at 750°C for 1,500 h, compared to 0.189 Ω·cm2 for the uncoated UNS S43000 sample.
Feature Detection Using Sunshading (2003)

Horizontal derivatives of potential field data are routinely used to sharpen the edges of linear features such as dykes and faults. They are also used as input to the sunshading filter. Given the azimuth and elevation of a source of illumination, this filter calculates the reflectance from a surface composed of the data to be interpreted. Linear features orthogonal to the illumination azimuth are enhanced, while those lieing parallel to it become less apparent.Since the sunshading filter is relatively insensitive to features of different azimuth from that being searched for, this paper first describes how to tune the angular sensitivity to any desired degree.Secondly, the field gradients are calculated in a cylindrical polar coordinate system rather than the usual Cartesian one. This allows both the enhancement of circular anomalies of any radii, and of linear features of any orientation. The cylindrical gradients may also be used with the sunshading reflectance algorithm. The new filters are demonstrated on various gravity and magnetic datasets.