gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New Pseudonucleosides Containing Chiral Oxazolidin-2-Ones and<i>Cyclosulfamides</i>as Aglycones: Synthesis and Antiviral Evaluation (2007)

A series of chiral cyclosulfamides and oxazolidinon-2-ones have been synthesized starting from aminoacids. Regioselective substitution of these pseudopyrimidic heterocyles was carried out under Mitsunobu conditions. Best substitution results were obtained by preliminary deprotection of cyclosulfamides and their condensation with beta-D-ribofuranose. Chiral oxazolidin-2-ones were coupled directly with D-ribofuranose. All compounds were tested against HSV-2, VV and SV viruses. Two compounds 6b and 6e showed significant activities against HSV-type 1.
Lymphangiogenesis in Breast Cancer Correlates with Matrix Stiffness on Shear-Wave Elastography (2016)

In breast cancer, tumor stiffness correlates with lymphangiogenesis and poor prognostic factors.
ChemInform Abstract: Conducting Stacked Metallophthalocyanines and Related Compounds (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Thieno[2,3-b][1] benzothiophen and thieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophen. Part I. Preparation (1970)

Benzo [b]thiophen-2-thiol and its 5- and 7-chloro-derivatives were prepared by treatment of the approriate 2-benzo[b]thienyl-lithium derivative with sulphur. Benzo [b]thiophen and its 5-bromo- and 7-chloro-derivatives were sulphonated in the 3-position. The resulting sulphonic acids were converted into the sulphonyl chlorides, which were reduced (LiAlH4) to the corresponding 3-thiols. The 2- and 3-thiols thus prepared condensed readily with chloroacetaldehyde diethyl acetal, chloroacetone, or 3-chlorobutan-2-one, and the products were cyclised with polyphosphoric acid to give thieno[2,3-b or 3,2-b][1] benzothiophen derivatives. Thieno[2,3-b][1]benzothiophen-2-carboxylic acid, its 5-bromo-derivative, and thieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophen-2-carboxylic acid were prepared by cyclisation of the appropriate β-(3- or 2-benzo[b]thienyl)-α-mercaptoacrylic acid with iodine in either tetrahydrofuran or nitrobenzene. The formation of thieno[2,3-b or 3,2-b][1]benzothiophen SS-dioxides probably involves oxidation of the sulphur atom adjacent to the benzene ring in each case.
A Method for Assessing Emergency Department Performance Using Patient Outcomes (1998)

Inappropriate admissions occur at a substantial rate and occur more commonly than inappropriate releases. The correct disposition of patients is a practical and meaningful outcome-based measure of the quality of ED care. This methodology is suitable for use in other EDs.
Cross-View Kernel Similarity Metric Learning Using Pairwise Constraints for Person Re-identification (2019)

Person re-identification is the task of matching pedestrian images across non-overlapping cameras. In this paper, we propose a non-linear cross-view similarity metric learning for handling small size training data in practical re-ID systems. The method employs non-linear mappings combined with cross-view discriminative subspace learning and cross-view distance metric learning based on pairwise similarity constraints. It is a natural extension of XQDA from linear to non-linear mappings using kernels, and learns non-linear transformations for efficiently handling complex non-linearity of person appearance across camera views. Importantly, the proposed method is very computationally efficient. Extensive experiments on four challenging datasets shows that our method attains competitive performance against state-of-the-art methods.
Optimality of Myopic Sensing in Multichannel Opportunistic Access (2009)

This paper considers opportunistic communication over multiple channels where the state (ldquogoodrdquo or ldquobadrdquo) of each channel evolves as independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) Markov processes. A user, with limited channel sensing capability, chooses one channel to sense and decides whether to use the channel (based on the sensing result) in each time slot. A reward is obtained whenever the user senses and accesses a ldquogoodrdquo channel. The objective is to design a channel selection policy that maximizes the expected total (discounted or average) reward accrued over a finite or infinite horizon. This problem can be cast as a partially observed Markov decision process (POMDP) or a restless multiarmed bandit process, to which optimal solutions are often intractable. This paper shows that a myopic policy that maximizes the immediate one-step reward is optimal when the state transitions are positively correlated over time. When the state transitions are negatively correlated, we show that the same policy is optimal when the number of channels is limited to two or three, while presenting a counterexample for the case of four channels. This result finds applications in opportunistic transmission scheduling in a fading environment, cognitive radio networks for spectrum overlay, and resource-constrained jamming and antijamming.
A procedure for the extraction of airglow features in the presence of strong background radiation (1990)

Ground‐based measurements of terrestrial airglow are useful for many applications in aeronomy. However, in the past observations have been limited to times and circumstances when the relatively weak airglow features are not overwhelmed by bright sky background emission due mainly to Rayleigh scattering of sunlight. In this paper we report a procedure which can be used to automatically extract weak airglow emissions in the presence of strong background radiation. The computer code developed for this purpose is user friendly and provides, in addition to retrieved airglow intensities, quantitative diagnostics which include estimates of error of measurement. The procedure is designed to allow rapid bulk processing of data which has not been possible previously.
Discrete Cationic Zinc and Magnesium Complexes for Dual Organic/Organometallic‐Catalyzed Ring‐Opening Polymerization of Trimethylene Carbonate (2012)

We describe herein an original approach for the efficient immortal ring-opening polymerization (iROP) of trimethylene carbonate (TMC) under mild conditions using dual-catalyst systems combining a discrete cationic metal complex with a tertiary amine. A series of new zinc and magnesium cationic complexes of the type [{NNO}M](+) [anion](-) ({NNO}(-) = 2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-{[(2'-dimethylaminoethyl)methylamino]methyl}phenolate; M = Zn, [anion](-) = [B(C(6)F(5))(4)](-) (2), [H(2)N-{B(C(6)F(5))(3)}(2)](-) (3), and [EtB(C(6)F(5))(3)](-) (4); M = Mg, [anion](-) = [H(2)N{B(C(6)F(5))(3)}(2)](-) (7)) have been prepared from the corresponding neutral compounds [{NNO}ZnEt] (1) and [{NNO}-Mg(nBu)] (6). Compounds 2-4 and 7 exist as free ion pairs, as revealed by (1)H, (13)C, (19)F, and (11) B NMR spectroscopy in THF solution, and an X-ray crystallographic analysis of the bis(THF) adduct of compound 7, 7⋅(THF)(2). The neutral complexes 1 and 6, in combination with one equivalent or an excess of benzyl alcohol (BnOH), initiate the rapid iROP of TMC, in bulk or in toluene solution, at 45-60 °C (turnover frequency, TOF, up to 25-30,000 mol(TMC)⋅mol(Zn)⋅h(-1) for 1 and 220-240,000 mol(TMC)⋅mol(Mg)⋅h(-1) for 6), to afford H-PTMC-OBn with controlled macromolecular features. ROP reactions mediated by the cationic systems 2/BnOH and 7/BnOH proceeded much more slowly (TOF up to 500 and 3000 mol(TMC)⋅mol(Zn or Mg)⋅h(-1) at 110 °C) than those based on the parent neutral compounds 1/BnOH and 6/BnOH, respectively. Use of original dual organic/organometallic catalyst systems, obtained by adding 0.2-5 equiv of a tertiary amine such as NEt(3) to zinc cationic complexes [{NNO}Zn](+) [anion](-) (2-4), promoted high activities (TOF up to 18,300 mol(TMC)⋅mol(Zn)⋅h(-1) at 45 °C) giving H-PTMC-OBn with good control over the M(n) and M(w)/M(n) values. Variation of the nature of the anion in 2-4 did not significantly affect the performance of these catalyst systems. On the other hand, the dual magnesium-based catalyst system 7/NEt(3) proved to be poorly effective.
Parallel performance measures for volume ray casting (1994)

Describes a technique for achieving fast volume ray-casting on parallel machines, using a load-balancing scheme and an efficient pipelined approach to compositing. We propose a new model for measuring the amount of work one needs to perform in order to render a given volume, and we use this model to obtain a better load-balancing scheme for distributed memory machines. We also discuss in detail the design trade-offs of our technique. In order to validate our model, we have implemented it on the Intel iPSC/860 and the Intel Paragon, and conducted a detailed performance analysis. >
<title>Endoscopic fluorescence of gastrointestinal neoplasia after sensitization with 5-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) or Photofrin</title> (1994)

Fluorescence after photosensitization has the potential to identify lesions not visible on conventional endoscopy. We assessed 12 patients at high risk of or with established GI cancers (u ulcerative colitis, 1 colon polyp, 2 familial polyposis with duodenal polyps, 2 early oesophageal cancers). Fluorescence images (excitation 390 nm) were recorded with endoscopic equipment and additional spot measurements (optical multichannel analyzer). Patients were given 10 - 60 mg/kg ALA orally or 2 mg/kg Photofrin i.v. 60 mg/kg ALA gave high levels of PP IX (proto-porphyrin IX) in all areas, but 10 - 15 mg/kg resulted in selectivity in macroscopically inflamed colon. Photofrin gave oesophageal tumors selectivity at 4 and 48 hours. Photofrin patients subsequently had PDT. Photobleaching was documented in 3. We conclude that these techniques have potential as `optical biopsy tools' and for screening for early neoplastic changes.
A compact shielded exposure system for the simultaneous long-term UHF irradiation of forty small mammals: I. Electromagnetic and environmental design (1998)

To carry out in vivo studies of the possible health effects of radiation from cellular telephone handsets, it is necessary to expose large numbers of small mammals at realistic power densities, modulations, and frequencies. Because even microwatt leakage could compromise the local cellular system, extreme care in shielding is required. Experimental logistics dictate, however, that the irradiated animals be easily accessed and that it be possible to irradiate them in small groups, while other groups are being loaded into or unloaded from the irradiators. This problem has been resolved by exposing the animals in aluminum-sheathed rectangular parallelepipeds, lined with microwave absorber and having doors that can be opened readily. Inside each of these microwave anechoic "chamberettes" is a vertical, four-element collinear array of dipole antennas; and around each antenna, 10 animal restrainers can be arranged like spokes on a wheel. The system has worked efficiently in studies of up to 480 rats. There is negligible coupling between antennas, and back reflection at an antenna's feed line is down 7-9 dB. Received CDMA power at the local base station is below the receiver's noise floor. Interior illumination reinforces the rats' diurnal rhythms, and the rats sleep during irradiation. Experimental logistics are excellent. In this paper, the irradiator design is presented.
[Serum interleukin-2 receptor in patients with Kawasaki disease]. (1989)

Serum levels of soluble interleukin 2 receptor (IL-2R) were determined by a sandwich enzyme immunoassay in 42 patients during the acute phase and in 30 at the convalescent phase of Kawasaki disease, 5 with streptococcal infection, 13 with anaphylactoid purpura, 7 with various vasculitis and also in 16 healthy children. In addition, we analysed the population of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in 18 of 42 patients with KD using a fluorescence-activated cell sorter. Serum IL-2R levels in patients with KD were increased in the acute phase and return to the normal range in the convalescent phase. The increased serum IL-2R levels during the acute phase correlated with the percentage of peripheral blood helper/inducer T cells among the mononuclear cells. Serum IL-2R levels were increased in patients with measles who were examined as the infectious disease (viral) controls. However, serum IL-2R levels were increased neither in patients with anaphylactoid purpura nor in other diseases with vasculitis. These results suggest that immunological activation accompanied by the release of IL-2R from helper T cells in KD is similar measles virus infection and differs from vasculitis.
Photopatternable epoxy ridge waveguides (1991)

Optical waveguides fabricated from polymers have been receiving increasing attention because the materials and patterning techniques can be compatible with those found in microelectronic chip and package processing.1 Furthermore, polymers are readily formed into films, can form planar structures, can fill gaps, can be made photosensitive, can have their properties engineered, and exhibit nonlinear optical properties. This paper reports progress made in this laboratory on epoxy-based photosensitive polymers for potential use as optical waveguides in a high-performance computer packaging environment.2
Subharmonics Generated in Human and Animal Ears by Intense Sound (1950)

When subjects are exposed to intense sound fields, subharmonics radiated from the subjects eardrum are heard. The frequency of the subharmonic is exactly one-half of the frequency of the stimulating signal. Whereas these observations on humans are only possible at intensities above 140 db, subharmonics are found at the guinea pigs ear at an exposure level of about 95 db. These subharmonics will be demonstrated on guinea pigs and discussed.
Short term variations in particulate matter in Mahi River Estuary (1985)

The particulate matter (PM) collected from Mahi River Estuary was analysed for organic carbon (POC), nitrogen (PON), and chlorophyll a (Chl a). The concentration of PM, POC, PON and Chl a showed short term variations. Average surface concentration of PM, POC, PON, and Chl a varied from 56-1976 mg l-1, 0.6-4.19 mg l-1 0.10-0.21 mg l-1 and 3.11-26.80 mu gl-1 respectively. POC/PON, POC/Chl a and PON/Chl a varied from 3.7-23.31, 25.64-1112 and 9.24-65 respectively in the surface waters. POC/PON ratios of bottom samples ranged from 4-31.50. Regression analyses showed that PM was significantly correlated with POC (r = 0.853, P 0.001). Significant correlation (r
The preparation of some new complexes of the type trans-[IrX(Co)L2](L = PMe3, PEt3, PMe2Ph, or AsMe2Ph) (1968)

The preparation of some new complexes of the type trans-[IrX(CO)L2](X = Cl or Br; L = PMe3, PEt3,PMe2Ph, or AsMe2Ph) by dehydrohalogenation of complexes of the type [IrHX2(CO)L2], configuration (I), with a base such as sodium methoxide is described. trans-[Irl(CO)(PMe2Ph)2] was prepared by metathesis. Infrared and n.m.r. data are given and discussed.
Vitamin D: a steroid hormone with progesterone-like activity. (2018)

Based on the evidence displayed in this review we may define appropriately vitamin D as a steroid hormone with progesterone-like activity.
Jyväskylän yliopiston tietotekniikan opiskelijoiden osaamisen ja toimialan tarpeiden kohtaaminen Keski-Suomessa (2012)

Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli selvittää kuinka hyvin Jyväskylän yliopiston tietotekniikan laitoksen opiskelijoiden taidot vastaavat toimialan tarpeita. Tietoa opiskelijoiden osaamisesta saatiin heille tehdystä kyselystä sekä tietotekniikan kandidaatin tutkinnon osaamistavoitteista. Tietoa yritysten tarpeista kerättiin alan työpaikkailmoituksista sekä Keski-Suomen alueen yrityksille tarjottujen PROFIT-koulutusten aiheista. Saatuja tietoja vertaamalla saatiin selville, että opiskelijoiden taidot vastaavat hyvin toimialan tarpeita sekä kansallisesti, että Keski-Suomessa.
<title>Ultrasonic/sonic drilling/coring (USDC) for planetary applications</title> (2001)

Future NASA exploration missions are increasingly seeking to conduct sampling, in-situ analysis and possibly return samples to Earth for further tests. Missions to Mars are the more near term projects that are seeking such capabilities. One of the major limitations of sampling on Mars and other low gravity environments is the need for high axial force when using conventional drilling. To address this limitation an ultrasonic/sonic drilling/coring (USDC) mechanism has been developed that employs an ultrasonic horn driven by a piezoelectric stack. The horn drives a free mass that resonates between the horn and drill stem. Tests have shown that the USDC addresses some of the key challenges to the NASA sampling objectives. The USDC is lightweight (450 g), requires low preload (< 5N) and can be driven at lower power (5W). The device has been shown to drill rocks with various levels of hardness including granite, diorite, basalt and limestone. The hammering action involved with the coring process can produce cores of various shapes, which need not necessarily be round. Because it is driven by piezoelectric ceramics, the USDC is highly tolerant to changes in its operating environment. These actuation materials can be designed to operate at a wide range of temperatures including those expected on Mars and Venus. Although the drill is driven electrically at 20 kHz, a substantial sub-harmonic acoustic component is found that is crucial to drilling performance. An analytical model has been developed to explain this low frequency coupling in the horn, free mass, drill stem and rock.
Reduction of numerical diffusion errors in thermal mixing predictions (1983)

The pathogenesis of reexpansion pulmonary edema is not yet fully understood. We therefore studied its mechanism in a rat model in which the left lung was collapsed by bronchial occlusion for 1 h and then reexpanded and ventilated for an additional 3 h. We then evaluated the production of reactive oxygen species in the lungs using fluorescent imaging and cerium deposition electron microscopic techniques and the incidence of apoptosis using the TdT-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick end labeling (TUNEL) method. We found that pulmonary reexpansion induced production of reactive oxygen species and then apoptosis, mainly in endothelial and alveolar type II epithelial cells. Endothelial cells and alveolar type I and II epithelial cells in the reexpanded lung were positive for TUNEL and cleaved caspase-3. DNA fragmentation was also observed in the reexpanded lung. In addition, wet-dry ratios obtained with reexpanded lungs were significantly higher than those obtained with control lungs, indicating increased fluid content. All of these effects were attenuated by pretreating rats with a specific xanthine oxidase inhibitor, sodium (-)-8-(3-methoxy-4-phenylsulfinylphenyl) pyrazolo[1,5-a]-1,3,5-triazine-4(1H)-one. It thus appears that pulmonary reexpansion activates xanthine oxidase in both endothelial and alveolar type II epithelial cells and that the reactive oxygen species produced by the enzyme induce apoptosis among the endothelial and alveolar type I and II epithelial cells that make up the pulmonary water-air barrier, leading to reexpansion pulmonary edema.
Demonstration of Histamine Receptors on Human Platelets by Flow Cytometry (1984)

Fluoresceinated human albumin conjugated with histamine (FHA-HIS) has been used for the demonstration of histamine receptors on human platelets. Such receptors were demonstrated on 40-63% of peripheral blood platelets in 4 healthy donors. The binding of FHA-HIS was inhibited on 35-79% of the platelets by the histamine H1 receptor antagonists diphenhydramine and clemastine. The histamine H2 receptor antagonist cimetidine blocked the FHA-HIS binding on 14-37% of the platelets. It is concluded that histamine H1 as well as H2 receptors occur on human platelets but the receptors are not equally distributed in the platelet population.
THE POTENTIAL ENERGY CURVE FOR HgH: A COMPARISON OF SPECTROSCOPIC AND SCATTERING RESULTS (1974)

$^{1}$ Acknowledgement is made to the Donors of the Petroleum Research Found, administered by The American Chemical Society, for support of this work. RD. M. Eakin and S. P. Davis, J. Mol. Spectrosc. 35, 27 (1970). $^{2}$W. C. Stwa1ley, A. Niehaus, and D. R. Herschbach, proc. Vth Intl. Conf. on Phys. of Electronic and Atomic Collisions (Nauka Press, Leningrad, 1967), p. 639. $^{3}$A. Schutte, D. Bassi, F. Tommasini, and G. Scoles, Phys. Rev. Letters, 29, 979 (1972). $^{4}$R. S. Mulliken, J. Phys, Chem, 41, 5 (1937). $^{5}$G. Glockler and H. venHorst, J. Chem. Phya. 20, 1448 (1952).
Activation of the migraine pain pathway by cortical spreading depression: Do we need more evidence? (2011)

This is a commentary on article Fioravanti B, Kasasbeh A, Edelmayer R, Skinner DP Jr, Hartings JA, Burklund RD, De Felice M, French ED, Dussor GO, Dodick DW, Porreca F, Vanderah TW. Evaluation of cutaneous allodynia following induction of cortical spreading depression in freely moving rats. Cephalalgia. 2011Jul;31(10):1090-100.
Zero-budget network dimensioning (2005)

Traffic engineering has been widely used to improve network performance while keeping the resource utilization balanced. The existing traffic engineering approaches, however, lead to network upgrades from time to time. While these upgrades might be successfully financed during economic prosperities, it poses a problem when the economic situation deteriorates. We propose in this paper a novel approach that is able to reveal whether a traffic re-engineering is necessary. In case budget is not available for upgrades, this approach can optimally decide which demand to satisfy so as to maximize network operators' revenue. We demonstrate the usefulness and the effectiveness of the approach by conducting traffic engineering on an example network and by describing some of its added values as well.
Prevention of arterial reocclusion after thrombolysis with activated protein C. Comparison with heparin in a canine model of coronary artery thrombosis. (1994)

APC prevents coronary artery reocclusion after recanalization with rTPA in a canine model of coronary artery thrombosis. This finding suggests that APC may be useful as an adjunctive treatment to enhance the effects of thrombolytic therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
Predicting Sales Takeoff for Whirlpool's New Personal Valet (2006)

The introduction of really new products creates many dilemmas for managers. Initially, they must develop a launch strategy in the face of great uncertainty about the product's potential. After launch, they need guidance about whether to pull the plug on a new product with lackluster sales (prior to takeoff) or persist with a product that could ultimately be a failure. Our results and model of the takeoff in sales of new products provide some guidance on these complex managerial decisions. Prior to our study on sales takeoff, a manager's only recourse to analyzing new product growth would have been diffusion models. However, these models have typically used new product sales beginning at or around the takeoff, have assumed takeoff, and have not explicitly modeled it. In contrast, our model addresses the time from commercialization until takeoff, thus providing insights during the period of greatest uncertainty. Whirlpool Corporation used our model to guide their decision making in the testing and launch of a completely new consumer durable, the Personal Valet.