gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Metabolism of angiotensin II and some analogs in intact strips and in muscle preparations of rabbit aortae (1978)

The purpose of this work was twofold: (a) to develop a muscle preparation of the rabbit aorta free of adventitia and endothelium, and (b) to measure the metabolism of angiotensin II (AT II ) in this preparation. The muscle was prepared by 'shucking-off' the adventitia layer and by eliminating the endothelium. Concentration–response curves to AT II and noradrenaline (NA) measured in the muscle preparation provided pD 2 values for AT II and NA not significantly different from those observed in the intact aortic strip. However, the maximal tension developed by the two agonists averaged 20–30% of the maximal tension of the intact strips. Apparent diffusion of AT II , in and out of the tissue, was faster in the muscle while NA diffusion was not significantly different. Metabolism of AT II was measured at the plateau of contraction and after complete relaxation in both the muscle and the intact strip. Ten percent of AT II was metabolized at the plateau of the contraction and 50% after complete relaxation. Heptapeptide 1–7 was the metabolite found in both preparations. 1-β-Asp AT II was also broken down to heptapeptide 1–7 while 1-β-Asp,8-Phe-OMe-AT II resisted the degradation and was found unchanged even after 90 min of incubation. It is suggested that the enzyme which inactivates AT II is located in the smooth muscle cells and that it is a carboxypeptidase.
<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>protein tyrosine phosphatase (PtpA) excludes host vacuolar-H<sup>+</sup>–ATPase to inhibit phagosome acidification (2011)

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) pathogenicity depends on its ability to inhibit phagosome acidification and maturation processes after engulfment by macrophages. Here, we show that the secreted Mtb protein tyrosine phosphatase (PtpA) binds to subunit H of the macrophage vacuolar-H(+)-ATPase (V-ATPase) machinery, a multisubunit protein complex in the phagosome membrane that drives luminal acidification. Furthermore, we show that the macrophage class C vacuolar protein sorting complex, a key regulator of endosomal membrane fusion, associates with V-ATPase in phagosome maturation, suggesting a unique role for V-ATPase in coordinating phagosome-lysosome fusion. PtpA interaction with host V-ATPase is required for the previously reported dephosphorylation of VPS33B and subsequent exclusion of V-ATPase from the phagosome during Mtb infection. These findings show that inhibition of phagosome acidification in the mycobacterial phagosome is directly attributed to PtpA, a key protein needed for Mtb survival and pathogenicity within host macrophages.
Skin delivery of hydrophobic drugs using biocompatible and biodegradable carriers: Pickering emulsions and block copolymernanoparticles. Correlation to drug localization within the skin layers as determined by confocal fluorescence microscopy (2012)

International audience
Joint Pre-Compensation and Selective Post-Compensation for Fiber Nonlinearities (2014)

By jointly using perturbation-based nonlinear pre-compensation and selective decision-aided perturbation-based nonlinear post-compensation, a reduction in the effective number of summation terms by a factor of about 4 is achieved for a 128 Gb/s dual polarization 16-ary quadrature amplitude modulation signal with essentially no degradation in performance. A transmission distance of 4800 km is achieved for a single channel system and a distance of 3000 km is achieved for the center channel in a nine-channel dense wavelength-division-multiplexing (DWDM) system with a channel spacing of 25 GHz.
Caracterización mecánica y microestructural de nuevas aleaciones multifuncionales de Titanio B libres de Ni para aplicaciones biomédicas (2007)

El objetivo del presente trabajo es diseñar, obtener y caracterizar, mecánica y microestructuralmente, aleaciones de Ti en fase B , libre de Níquel, con memoria de forma y/o bajo módulo elástico para aplicaciones médicas. Con este propósito se utilizaron elementos aleantes biocompatibles, no tóxicos como Ta, Nb y Zr. Para el diseño de las aleaciones se uso uso de método teórico basado en orbitales moleculares resultando las aleaciones Ti-8Zr-19Nb y Ti-2Ta-11Nb. Las aleaciones fueron fabricadas en horno de arco eléctrico, favoreciendo su homogenización re-fundiendo 5 veces, y por último, encapsuladas en tubos de cuarzo para ser tratadas a 1100ºC por 1.5 horas y enfriamiento en agua con hielo. Las técnicas utilizadas para su caracterización fueron fluorescencia y difracción de rayos X, microscopía óptica, calorimetría diferencial de barrido y ultrasonidos. En estas condiciones, los resultados confirman la presencia de granos B-prior «en ambas aleaciones y la presencia de a» ortorrómbica con temperaturas Ms de 46ºC y 137ºC, con módulos elásticos de 74 y 86 GPa para las aleaciones Ti-8Zr-19Nb y Ti-2Ta-11Nb, respectivamente.
Experiences with a versatile prototyping platform for top-down hardware and software design for communication protocols (2002)

This paper discusses a new prototyping platform for effective protocol design and rapid prototype implementation. From specification to implementation all steps are supported by semi-automatic tools that just require the design specification itself plus some directives and constraints. For the hardware implementation of a prototype, a programmable core consisting of FPGAs is realized. Thus quick changes at the redesign of a system are possible. The hardware and the design software of the prototyping environment are modular and allow an easy substitution or extension of the parts of the system. A demonstration application (of a FDDI-on-SDH remote repeater) shows the functionality and effectiveness of the platform. The paper concludes with an extensive discussion of the experiences gained with the chosen top-down design approach for high-speed reprogrammable logic.
Glucocorticoids Activate Transcription of the Gene for the Glucose-6-Phosphate Transporter, Deficient in Glycogen Storage Disease Type 1b (2001)

Deficiencies in the glucose-6-phosphate transporter (G6PT) cause glycogen storage disease type 1b (GSD-1b), a heritable metabolic disorder. The G6PT protein translocates glucose-6-phosphate from the cytoplasm to the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum, where glucose-6-phosphatase metabolizes it to glucose and phosphate. Therefore, G6PT and glucose-6-phosphatase work in concert to maintain glucose homeostasis. To delineate the control of G6PT gene expression, we first demonstrated that transcription of the gene requires hepatocyte nuclear factor 1alpha. Consequently, hepatocyte nuclear factor 1alpha-null mice manifest a G6PT deficiency like that of GSD-1b patients. In this study, we delineated the role of glucocorticoids in the transcription of the G6PT gene. We showed that the basal G6PT promoter is contained within nucleotides -369 to -1 upstream of the translation start site, which contains three activation elements. Further, we demonstrated that glucocorticoids activate G6PT transcription and that glucocorticoid action is mediated through a glucocorticoid response element within activation element-2 of the promoter. Taken together, the results suggest that glucocorticoids play a pivotal role in regulating the G6PT gene.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF VINYL BROMIDES‐ A NOVEL 1,2‐ARYL GROUP MIGRATION (1976)

Abstract Die Belichtung der Bromäthylene (I) in Benzol bei 10°C ergibt unter 1,2‐Wanderung der Arylre ste dieDimethoxytolane (II), wobei (Ic) zusätzlich die Anisylbenzofurane (III) und (IV) ergibt.
Novel Odoribacter splanchnicus Strain and Its Outer Membrane Vesicles Exert Immunoregulatory Effects in vitro (2020)

<i>Odoribacter splanchnicus</i>, belonging to the order Bacteroidales, is a common, short-chain fatty acid producing member of the human intestinal microbiota. A decreased abundance of <i>Odoribacter</i> has been linked to different microbiota-associated diseases, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cystic fibrosis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The type strain of <i>O. splanchnicus</i> has been genome-sequenced, but otherwise very little is known about this anaerobic bacterium. The species surfaces in many microbiota studies and, consequently, comprehension on its interactions with the host is needed. In this study, we isolated a novel strain of <i>O. splanchnicus</i> from a healthy fecal donor, identified it by genome sequencing and addressed its adhesive, epithelium reinforcing and immunoregulatory properties. Our results show that <i>O. splanchnicus</i> strain 57 is non-adherent to enterocytes or mucus, does not reinforce nor compromise Caco-2 monolayer integrity and most likely harbors penta-acylated, less endotoxic lipid A as part of its lipopolysaccharide (LPS) structure based on the lack of gene <i>lpxM</i> and <i>in vitro</i> results on low-level NF-κB activity. The studies by transmission electron microscopy revealed that <i>O. splanchnicus</i> produces outer membrane vesicles (OMV). <i>O. splanchnicus</i> cells, culture supernatant i.e., spent medium or OMVs did not induce interleukin-8 (IL-8) response in HT-29 enterocyte cells suggesting a very low proinflammatory capacity. On the contrary, the treatment of HT-29 cells with <i>O. splanchnicus</i> cells, spent medium or OMVs prior to exposure to <i>Escherichia coli</i> LPS elicited a significant decrease in IL-8 production as compared to <i>E. coli</i> LPS treatment alone. Moreover, <i>O. splanchnicus</i> spent supernatant induced IL-10 production by immune cells, suggesting anti-inflammatory activity. Our <i>in vitro</i> findings indicate that <i>O. splanchnicus</i> and its effector molecules transported in OMVs could potentially exert anti-inflammatory action in the gut epithelium. Taken together, <i>O. splanchnicus</i> seems to be a commensal with a primarily beneficial interaction with the host.
Candida albicans Hypha Formation and Mannan Masking of β-Glucan Inhibit Macrophage Phagosome Maturation (2014)

Innate cells engulf and destroy invading organisms by phagocytosis, which is essential for the elimination of fungal cells to protect against systemic life-threatening infections. Yet comparatively little is known about what controls the maturation of phagosomes following ingestion of fungal cells. We used live-cell microscopy and fluorescent protein reporter macrophages to understand how C. albicans viability, filamentous growth, and cell wall composition affect phagosome maturation and the survival of the pathogen within host macrophages. We have demonstrated that cell wall glycosylation and yeast-hypha morphogenesis are required for disruption of host processes that function to inactivate pathogens, leading to survival and escape of this fungal pathogen from within host phagocytes. The methods employed here are applicable to study interactions of other pathogens with phagocytic cells to dissect how specific microbial features impact different stages of phagosome maturation and the survival of the pathogen or host.
Miniature thermal emission spectrometer for Mars 2001 Lander (1999)

This paper describes the Mars 2001 Miniature Thermal Emission Spectrometer (Mini-TES) being built by Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing (SBRS) under contract to Arizona State University (ASU). Mini-TES is a point (single-pixel) Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS), covering the spectral range 5 - 28 microns (micrometer) at 10 cm<SUP>-1</SUP> spectral resolution. It is part of the Athena Precursor Experiment (APEX) that will fly to Mars on board NASA's Mars 2001 Lander mission. Mini-TES is designed to provide a key mineralogical remote sensing component of the APEX mission, which includes several other science instruments. Even though Mini-TES is a new design, the Athena mission required proven, flight-tested instrumentation to meet a two-year development schedule. Therefore, SBRS designed Mini-TES based on proven heritage from the successful Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) Thermal Emission Spectrometer (TES), which was launched in 1996 and is currently providing excellent science data from the MGS, in orbit about Mars. Mini-TES occupies only 15% of the volume and is 83% lighter than MGS TES, yet nearly all the design and technology elements of Mini-TES are direct descendants of proven flight components from MGS TES. Relevance of the Mini- TES to APEX science, overall design, performance, as well as details of the hardware being fabricated at SBRS, are discussed. Possible applications to future missions are also addressed.
Intranephron Distribution of Glycine-Amidinotransferase Activity in Rats (1992)

Guanidinoacetic acid (GAA), a precursor of creatine, is an essential substrate for muscle energy metabolism, and synthesized by glycine-amidinotransferase (transamidinase) mainly in the kidney. Since the intranephron distribution of transamidinase activity has never been quantified yet, the purpose of this study is to provide evidence about the localization of transamidinase activity using microdissected individual nephron segments. Synthesized GAA was separated by HPLC and detected fluorometrically after reacting with 9,10-phenanthrenequinone. Results obtained were as follows. (1) Transamidinase activity was distributed only in the first (S1) and the second (S2) portion of the proximal tubule, S1 being significantly higher than S2. (2) In S2, arginine and glycine were better substrates for GAA synthesis than canavanine and glycine. These results clearly indicate that GAA is synthesized in definite portions of the proximal tubule, and would be transported to the liver for further creatine production.
[The critical appraisal of QOL questionnaire for prostate cancer patients]. (1999)

Our study suggests that the Japanese version of the EORTC QOL questionnaire for prostate cancer patients demands improvement for the practical employment in clinical trials, as there is a problem of translation and feasibility.
Evidence of Probiotics in Prevention of Allergy and Asthma (2005)

Previous research into the causes of allergic diseases was mostly focussed on potential risk factors in the environment, with little success, however. Over the past 10 years, focus has therefore more been directed against protective factors that could enhance the development of tolerance to allergens which were previously encountered early in life, but are now lost in modern affluent societies. In particular, the role of childhood infections has been discussed, but so far these studies have not been conclusive. Recent epidemiological studies and experimental research suggest that the microbial environment and exposure to microbial products in infancy modifies immune responses and enhances the development of tolerance to ubiquitous allergens. The intestinal microflora may play a particular role in this respect, as it is the major external driving force in the maturation of the immune system after birth and animal experiments have shown it to be a prerequisite for normal development of oral tolerance. The composition of the microflora differs between healthy and allergic infants and in countries with a high and low prevalence of allergies. These differences are apparent within the first week of life, or even in the maternal vaginal flora during pregnancy and thus precede clinical symptoms. The use of live microorganisms that might be beneficial to health has a long tradition and the safety is well documented. Prospective intervention studies, in which the gut flora was modified from birth have yielded encouraging results and may suggest a new mode of primary prevention of allergy in the future.
The Modular Approach in GMO Quality Control and Enforcement Support Systems (2012)

The use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) is regulated in most countries of the world. These regulations require adequate enforcement measures and detection of GM materials in food and feed products. Given the diversity of GMO, their detection is a complex, multi-step process requiring the combination and validation of various types of methods. The different analytical steps can be considered independent modules that can be validated separately. This so-called “modular approach” has been extensively evaluated within the Co-Extra project and the results are summarized here. The need to define intra- and inter-module performance criteria is also discussed.
Neuroergonomics Deep Dive Literature Review, Volume 1: Neuroergonomics and Cognitive State (2010)

Abstract : This report is the first of two volumes summarizing published papers that were reviewed broadly within the area of neuroergonomics, with a specific focus on Air Force interests. The included references are not intended to be exhaustive, but rather to include review articles and representative empirical papers by the key researchers in each topic, thus providing a solid basis for understanding the state of this research.
Synergetic effects of doxycycline-loaded chitosan nanoparticles for improving drug delivery and efficacy (2012)

These laboratory results suggest that DCNPs show preliminary promise for possible eventual use in transcervical drug delivery and improved efficacy in the treatment of bacterial uterine infections.
Novel bimodal effects of the G-protein tissue transglutaminase on adrenoreceptor signalling (1999)

Tissue transglutaminase (tTG) is a novel G-protein that previous studies showed can couple ligand-bound activated α1B adrenoreceptors to phospholipase C-δ, resulting in phosphoinositide (PI) hydrolysis. In human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells we found that although endogenous tTG can facilitate α1B adrenoreceptor-stimulated PI hydrolysis, its contribution is minor compared with the classical heterotrimeric G-protein Gq/11. Further, we show that the α1B adrenoreceptor recruits tTG to the membrane and that this recruitment is enhanced by agonist occupancy of the receptor. In addition, the effects of tTG on signalling are bimodal. At low expression levels, tTG enhanced α1B adrenoreceptor-stimulated PI hydrolysis, whereas at higher expression levels tTG attenuated significantly this response. These findings are the first to demonstrate that a protein can both facilitate and attenuate receptor-stimulated PI hydrolysis.
Nature‐Inspired Lightweight Cellular Co‐Continuous Composites with Architected Periodic Gyroidal Structures (2017)

Shell‐core cellular composites are a unique class of cellular materials, where the base constituent is made of a composite material such that the best distinctive physical and/or mechanical properties of each phase of the composite are employed. In this work, the authors demonstrate the additive manufacturing of a nature inspired cellular three‐dimensional (3D), periodic, co‐continuous, and complex composite materials made of a hard‐shell and soft‐core system. The architecture of these composites is based on the Schoen's single Gyroidal triply periodic minimal surface. Results of mechanical testing show the possibility of having a wide range of mechanical properties by tuning the composition, volume fraction of core, shell thickness, and internal architecture of the cellular composites. Moreover, a change in deformation and failure mechanism is observed when employing a shell‐core composite system, as compared to the pure stiff polymeric standalone cellular material. This shell‐core configuration and Gyroidal topology allowed for accessing toughness values that are not realized by the constituent materials independently, showing the suitability of this cellular composite for mechanical energy absorption applications.
Effect of Noise and Nonlinearities on Thermoacoustics of Can-Annular Combustors (2019)

Abstract Can-annular combustors consist of N distinct cans set up symmetrically around the axis of the gas turbine rotor. Each can is connected to the turbine inlet by means of a transition duct. At the turbine inlet a small gap between the neighbouring transition ducts allows acoustic communication between the individual cans. Thermoacoustic pulsations in the cans are driven by the respective flames, but also the communication between neighbouring cans through the gap plays a significant role. In this study we focus in particular on the effect of the background noise intensity and of the nonlinear flame saturation. We predict how usually clusters of thermoacoustic modes are unstable in the linear regime and compete with each other in the nonlinear regime, with each cluster consisting of axial, azimuthal and push-pull modes. Since linear theory cannot predict the nonlinear solution, stochastic simulations are run to study the non-linear solution in a probabilistic sense. One outcome of these simulations are the various pulsation patterns, which are in principle different from one can to the next. This is done for several configurations, with a focus on the effect of a loss of rotational symmetry of the system. We recover how a stronger flame response in one can give rise to the phenomenon of mode localization, but also how the nonlinearity of the flame saturation and the competition between modes have an effect on the nonlinear average mode shape. We finally predict the coherence and phase pattern between cans on the linearized system subject to stochastic noise, and compare the predictions with direct engine measurements, both in terms of spectra of pulsation amplitude in each can and coherence and phase between different cans, observing a good match.
Rearrangement of α-Aminoketones During Clemmensen Reduction. II. Contraction of a Six-membered Ring in the Monocyclic Series (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRearrangement of α-Aminoketones During Clemmensen Reduction. II. Contraction of a Six-membered Ring in the Monocyclic SeriesNelson J. Leonard and William V. RuyleCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1949, 71, 9, 3094–3098Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01177a043https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01177a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views198Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts