gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Paralysie faciale isolée et carcinome adénoïde kystique occulte de la parotide (2001)

Les auteurs rapportent un cas de carcinome adenoide kystique de la parotide sans tumefaction decelable par l'examen clinique ou l'imagerie, revele par une paralysie faciale isolee. L'exploration chirurgicale du nerf facial a permis le diagnostic etiologique. Le traitement a consiste en une parotidectomie totale elargie et une radiotherapie sur le lit tumoral.
Algorithms for network-based misuse detection (2010)

Increasingly high volume and variety of Internet attacks are encountered every day due to attackers’ strong financial motivation. Most of such malicious activities, such as Spamming, Phishing, Distributed-Denial-of-Service (DDoS), etc., involve numerous compromised computers dispersed over geographically diverse networks. As a result, Internet attackers often have strong incentives to compromise as many computers as possible around the globe. Clearly, such compromised computers pose a significant threat both to the networks they reside in and to all Internet users. Therefore, it is in the best interest of an organization to detect compromised computers and malicious activities within its network.
In this thesis, we consider network-based misuse detection in an enterprise network, which is defined as the collection of all network components including computers, servers, routers, subnets, etc., under the jurisdiction of a single organization. We particularly focus on three different malicious activity detection problems; The first problem is detection of relay nodes, which are often used by attackers to conceal their identities. For this problem, we present an online algorithm, which efficiently detects relay nodes in a network. Second, we consider online detection of correlated network flows. The algorithm we propose for this problem can be used in attack source attribution when attackers hide behind a series of relay nodes. Finally, completely different from the first two, the third problem we consider in this thesis is the detection of the members of a Peer-to-Peer (P2P) botnet in an enterprise network. For this problem, we present a simple graph based algorithm which identifies additional P2P bots in a network once a single bot exposes itself by sending spam or perform a network scan, etc.
In general, to detect a malicious activity, a network-based misuse detection scheme monitors network traffic for certain network traffic patterns which emerge due to that particular malicious activity. One of the biggest challenges in this process is that, high volumes of network traffic corresponding to thousands of computers has to be monitored efficiently. Therefore, algorithms employed by network-based misuse detection schemes have to be simple and fast. Hence, in this thesis, we place a great emphasis on computational efficiency and scalability.
Synthesis of Polysubstituted Quinolines from the Acetates of Baylis-Hillman Adducts: Aza-Claisen Rearrangement as the Key Step (2005)

Recently, we have reported a variety of chemical transformations of the Baylis-Hillman adducts into useful heterocyclic compounds. Very recently, we published the synthesis of 3-benzylquinolin-2-ols from the Baylis-Hillman adducts of ethyl acrylate bearing aniline moiety at the secondary position. 3-Benzylquinolin-2-ols could be formed via the sequential aza-Claisen rearrangement of the adduct in PPA, amide bond formation, and the following isomerization with the aid of DBU as shown in Scheme 1. In this paper we would like to report our results on the synthesis of polysubstituted quinolines from the BaylisHillman adducts of alkyl vinyl ketones. As exemplified in Scheme 2, the required starting materials 2 were synthesized from the acetates of the Baylis-Hillman adducts of methyl vinyl ketone and ethyl vinyl ketone via the corresponding DABCO salts according to the reported procedure. In the reaction, however, cinnamyl amine derivatives 3 were isolated in variable yields (6-37%) depending upon the nature of anilines (Table 1) as side products. The formation of primary adducts 3 from 2 under the reaction conditions can be explained by sequential addition and elimination of aniline, presumably due to the higher electrophilicity of the β-carbon (marked with asterisk) of 2 than the cases of ethyl acrylate (Scheme 1). As can be seen easily in the ratios of 2 and 3 (Table 1), the amounts of primary products 3 were gradually increased according to the increase of the nucleophilicity of anilines. With the compound 2a in hand we examined the reaction in PPA at various reaction temperatures. Mixed solvent system of PPA and 1,2-dichloroethane was used in order to
Time course of IL1 and IL6 synthesis and release in human bronchial epithelial cell cultures exposed to toluene diisocyanate (1991)

We have previously demonstrated that human bronchial epithelial cells release appreciable amounts of interleukin 1 (IL1) and interleukin 6 (IL6) when exposed to toluene diisocyanate (TDI) in vitro. TDI is an inflammatory and asthmogenic stimulus presumed to act at least in part through immunological mechanisms. The epithelial cell-derived IL1 and IL6 can promote T cell activation and proliferation in culture, and if this also happens in vivo they may contribute to the persistence of the inflammatory response of the bronchial mucosa observed in TDI-sensitive asthmatics. In this study, we confirmed the release of biologically active IL1 beta and IL6-like substances from bronchial epithelial cells exposed to isocyanates in vitro, and related the rate and the magnitude of the cytokine secretion with the pattern of IL1 beta and IL6 gene expression and the extent of epithelial cell injury. In the epithelial cell cultures exposed to TDI, there was a parallel, progressive increase in the expression of IL6 mRNA and in the secretion of IL6 protein between 48 hours and 6 days after exposure. By contrast, although increasing amounts of biologically active IL1 beta were detected in the supernatants of TDI-exposed epithelial cells throughout the 6-day period following exposure, augmented levels of IL1 beta mRNA were only evident 6 days after exposure, suggesting that TDI exposure might have initially affected the enzymatic cleavage of the intracellular IL1 beta precursor and the mechanisms which regulate the secretion of mature IL1 beta.
Different forms of membrane-associated herpes simplex virus glycoproteins induce functionally distinct subsets of herpes simplex virus-specific suppressor T cells (1985)

Previous studies have shown that two types of virus-specific suppressor T cells (Ts) are induced in mice made tolerant with herpes simplex virus (HSV)-infected spleen cells (SC). One type of Ts blocks the afferent phase of the delayed hypersensitivity response to HSV (Ts-aff), and the other blocks the efferent or effector phase (Ts-eff). In this report we show that the induction requirements for these suppressor populations differ. Injection of SC infected for 6 h with HSV at a multiplicity of infection of 5 or less or treated with heat-inactivated virus induced only Ts-aff. Similar results were seen with SC incubated for 90 min in virus-free preparations containing only viral proteins. In contrast, the Ts-eff population was induced only by SC treated for 6 h with infectious HSV at a multiplicity of infection of 10. Collectively, these data indicate that Ts-aff are induced by adsorbed HSV antigens on SC, whereas Ts-eff are induced by nascent HSV antigens expressed on infected SC. In addition to their induction requirements, the two types of regulatory cells differ in their expression of effector function. Ts-eff but not Ts-aff require a cyclophosphamide-sensitive target cell in the immune recipient for suppressor function. The possible identity of this target cell and the significance of the different induction requirements between the two types of Ts are discussed.
<title>Whole-field modal analysis using electronic speckle pattern interferometry</title> (1996)

Pointwise modal analysis techniques suffer from the compromises required to infer wholefield vibration behavior from a predetermined number of measurement data points. The measurement grid is normally chosen before the most sensitive area of the test piece have been identified and this can lead to a requirement for further grid refinement, with the consequent spatial and temporal disadvantages. This paper presents a technique for obtaining wholefield modal data using electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI), and focuses on the manipulation of optical information to provide a grid of data points which is transferred to a modal analysis software package for comparison with traditional pointwise modal data sets. The advantages of obtaining the initial wholefield vibration picture in real time and subsequently overlaying a chosen measurement data grid, are demonstrated. Modal analysis of a steel plate is presented. By taking advantage of wholefield data, grabbed at the same instant in time and then transferred into modal analysis software, ESPI mode shape information is directly compared with measurements using other pointwise techniques and finite element analysis (FEA), through a modal assurance criterion calculation. Results showing successful mode identification by ESPI are illustrated, by comparison of results for the fourth resonant mode of the plate with those from laser Doppler vibrometry, accelerometer measurements and FEA.
Electrical properties of 1.55 µm sensitive ion-irradiated InGaAs with subpicosecond carrier lifetime (2003)

Carrier lifetimes as short as 270 fs with carrier mobility of 200 cm2/V/s and good performances in terms of layer resistivity have been obtained from ion-irradiated InGaAs. The residual carrier concentration measured in Hall effect experiments was found to be weakly modified in spite of the high defect concentration created by the ion bombardment. Ion-irradiated InGaAs appears to be specially adapted to fast photoconductive devices operating at optical communication wavelengths.
Honey Bee Colony Health (2011)

This book summarizes the current progress of bee researchers investigating the status of honey bees and possible reasons for their decline, providing a basis for establishing management methods that maintain colony health. Integrating discussion of Colony Collapse Disorder, the chapters provide information on the new microsporidian Nosema ceranae pathogens, the current status of the parasitic bee mites, updates on bee viruses, and the effects these problems are having on our important bee pollinators. The text also presents methods for diagnosing diseases and includes color illustrations and tables.
D-4F increases microRNA-124a and reduces neuroinflammation in diabetic stroke rats (2017)

D-4F is an apolipoprotein-A1 mimetic peptide that promotes anti-inflammatory effects. MicroRNA-124 is the most abundant brain-specific microRNA and has anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic efficacy and mechanisms of D-4F treatment of stroke in type one diabetes mellitus (T1DM) rats. Male Wistar rats were induced with T1DM, subjected to embolic middle cerebral artery occlusion and treated with PBS or D-4F (1 mg/kg i.p.) at 2, 24 and 48 hours after stroke (n=8/group). A battery of function tests, brain blood barrier (BBB) integrity, white matter changes and microRNA expression were evaluated <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i>. D-4F treatment in T1DM-stroke rats significantly improves functional outcome, decreases BBB leakage, increases tight junction protein expression, decreases white matter damage and inflammatory factor expression, while increasing anti-inflammatory M2 macrophage polarization in the ischemic brain. D-4F significantly increases microRNA-124a expression, and decreases matrix metalloproteinase-9, tumor necrosis factor-α and toll-like receptor-4 gene expression in the ischemic brain, and in primary cortical neuronal and microglial cultures. Inhibition of microRNA-124 in cultured primary cortical neurons and microglia attenuates D-4F induced anti-inflammatory effects and M2 macrophage polarization. D-4F treatment of T1DM-stroke increases microRNA-124 expression, promotes anti-inflammatory effects and M2 macrophage polarization, which may contribute to D-4F-induced improvement in neurological function, and BBB and white matter integrity.
The performance advantages of integrating block data transfer in cache-coherent multiprocessors (1994)

Integrating support for block data transfer has become an important emphasis in recent cache-coherent shared address space multiprocessors. This paper examines the potential performance benefits of adding this support. A set of ambitious hardware mechanisms is used to study performance gains in five important scientific computations that appear to be good candidates for using block transfer. Our conclusion is that the benefits of block transfer are not substantial for hardware cache-coherent multiprocessors. The main reasons for this are (i) the relatively modest fraction of time applications spend in communication amenable to block transfer, (ii) the difficulty of finding enough independent computation to overlap with the communication latency that remains after block transfer, and (iii) long cache lines often capture many of the benefits of block transfer in efficient cache-coherent machines. In the cases where block transfer improves performance, prefetching can often provide comparable, if not superior, performance benefits. We also examine the impact of varying important communication parameters and processor speed on the effectiveness of block transfer, and comment on useful features that a block transfer facility should support for real applications.
Aerodyne research mobile infrared methane monitor (1991)

An improved real-time methane monitor based on infrared absorption of the 3.39 micron line of a HeNe laser is described. Real time in situ measurement of methane has important applications in stratospheric and tropospheric chemistry, especially when high accuracy measurements can be made rapidly, providing fine spatial-scale information. The methane instrument provides 5 ppb resolution in a 1 sec averaging time. A key feature in this instrument is the use of magnetic (Zeeman) broadening to achieve continuous tunability with constant output power over a range of 0.017/cm. The instruments optical absorption path length is 47 m through sampled air held at 50 torr in a multipass cell of the Herriott (off-axis resonator) type. A microprocessor controls laser frequency and amplitude and collects data with minimal operator attention. The instrument recently has been used to measure methane emissions from a variety of natural and artificial terrestrial sources.
Further Applications of the Centrifugal Filtration Tube (1931)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFurther Applications of the Centrifugal Filtration TubeEvald L. Skau and Louis F. RoweCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Anal. Ed. 1931, 3, 2, 147–148Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1931Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1931https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50074a014https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50074a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views39Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Photochemical internalization (PCI) enhanced nonviral transfection of tumor suppressor and pro-drug activating genes; a potential treatment modality for gliomas (2014)

The overall objective of the research is to investigate the utility of photochemical internalization for the enhanced nonviral transfection of genes into cells. We have examined, in detail, the evaluation of photochemical internalization (PCI) as a method for the non-viral introduction of the tumor suppressor gene PTEN and the PCI mediated transfection of the cytosine deaminase (CD) pro drug activating gene into glioma cell monolayers and multi-cell tumor spheroids. Expression of the CD gene within the target cell produces an enzyme that converts the nontoxic prodrug, 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC), to the toxic metabolite, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU).
Including pistachios in a Step I diet favorably reduces CVD risk factors (2006)

Numerous clinical studies have evaluated the effects of nut consumption on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, however, little is known about the effects of pistachios. A randomized, crossover design, controlled feeding study was conducted to compare the effects of adding two different amounts of pistachios to a Step I (St‐I) diet on lipids and lipoproteins in healthy moderately hypercholesterolemic adults (LDL=133±5.4). Nineteen adults (8M, 11F; 47±8 yr) were fed 3 isoenergetic diets for 4 wk each after a 2‐wk average American run‐in diet (35% total fat, 11% SFA, 8% PUFA, 13% MUFA). Experimental diets included a St‐I diet with no pistachios (25% total fat, 8% SFA, 5% PUFA, 9% MUFA), a low‐pistachio diet (LPD) (1.5 oz/d, 10% en; 30% total fat, 7.7% SFA, 5.8% PUFA, 12% MUFA), and a high‐pistachio diet (HPD) (3 oz/d, 20% en; 34% total fat, 8% SFA, 8% PUFA, 15% MUFA). There was an inverse relationship between % en from pistachios and TC, LDL, non‐HDL, TC:HDL, and TG (P<0.001). Compared with the St‐I diet, the HPD decreased TC, LDL, and TG by 10.4, 14.3, and 8.7%, respectively; HDL increased 2.4%. The effects of the LPD and HPD did not differ except for HDL; compared with the St‐I diet, the LPD reduced HDL by 3.2% (P<0.05). In summary, adding pistachios to a St‐I diet beneficially affects lipids and lipoproteins. Supported by: California Pistachio Commission.
Nucleophilic displacement of one dianion by another (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNucleophilic displacement of one dianion by anotherH. E. Zaugg and R. J. MichaelsCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1968, 33, 5, 2167–2169Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01269a121https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01269a121research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views91Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Profile evolution of Cr masked features undergoing HBr-inductively coupled plasma etching for use in 25nm silicon nanoimprint templates (2005)

In nanoimprint template fabrication, the profile of the template features plays a significant role in the profile, release properties, and CD of the imprinted features. We present a study of profile evolution of nanopatterned Si etching for the fabrication of Si nanoimprint templates using a thin Cr hard mask and an HBr inductively coupled plasma (ICP). In this work, we show the effects of chamber pressure, line spacing, mask selectivity, and mask shape on the bowing, notching, microtrenching, and etching rate of nanopatterned silicon for pressures in the range of 2–10mTorr for line sizes between 20 and 100nm (1:1 line to space ratio). We observed that, for features with sizes below 50nm, increasing pressure leads to positively sloped sidewalls and microtrenching. At lower pressures, lower etching rates are observed—together with poorer selectivity and mask faceting. Furthermore, we see a tendency for aspect ratio dependent etching (ARDE) or reactive ion etching (RIE) lag at low pressures. Unlike RIE reactors, dc bias in our ICP etcher decreases with decreasing pressure and constant electrode and ICP power. This suggests that neutral shadowing is the mechanism responsible for ARDE. Under constant power and temperature conditions, due to counterbalancing pressure effects between 2 and 10mTorr, we obtain optimum imprint profiles at an intermediate pressure of 5mTorr.
Outage Behavior of Quasi-Static Fading Channels with Partial Power Control and Noisy Feedback (2007)

We investigate the outage behavior of multiple-antenna slowly fading channels with resolution constrained feedback and partial power control. A fixed-rate communication scheme is considered. It is known from the literature that with error-free feedback, the power control codebook that minimizes the outage probability with an average power constraint at the transmitter has a circular quantizer structure. Moreover, the diversity gain of the system increases polynomially with the cardinality of the power control codebook. Here, we study a similar system, but within a noisy feedback channel framework. We show that the optimal quantizer structure in this scenario is still circular. Furthermore, the optimal quantization codebook resembles a channel optimized scalar quantizer (COSQ). With noisy feedback, using the new power control codebook, the outage performance of the system is superior to that of a no-feedback system. However, we show through asymptotic analysis that the diversity gain is the same as a no-feedback scheme.
An In Vitro Selection Protocol for Threose Nucleic Acid (TNA) Using DNA Display (2014)

Threose nucleic acid (TNA) is an unnatural genetic polymer composed of repeating threofuranosyl sugars linked by 2' and 3' phosphodiester bonds. TNA is capable of forming antiparallel Watson-Crick duplex structures in a self-pairing mode, and can also cross-pair opposite complementary strands of DNA and RNA. The solution NMR structure of a self-complementary TNA duplex reveals that TNA adopts an A-form helical structure, which explains its ability to exchange genetic information with natural genetic polymers. In a recent advance, a TNA aptamer was evolved from a pool of random sequences using an engineered polymerase that can copy DNA sequences into TNA. This unit details the steps required to evolve functional TNA molecules in the laboratory using a method called DNA display. Using this approach, TNA molecules are physically linked to their encoding double-stranded DNA template. By linking TNA phenotype with DNA genotype, one can select for TNA molecules with a desired function and recover their encoding genetic information by PCR amplification. Each round of selection requires ∼3 days to complete and multiple rounds of selection and amplification are required to generate functional TNA molecules.