gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of a Gene Cluster Responsible for the Biosynthesis of Anticancer Agent FK228 in <i>Chromobacterium violaceum</i> No. 968 (2007)

A gene cluster responsible for the biosynthesis of anticancer agent FK228 has been identified, cloned, and partially characterized in Chromobacterium violaceum no. 968. First, a genome-scanning approach was applied to identify three distinctive C. violaceum no. 968 genomic DNA clones that code for portions of nonribosomal peptide synthetase and polyketide synthase. Next, a gene replacement system developed originally for Pseudomonas aeruginosa was adapted to inactivate the genomic DNA-associated candidate natural product biosynthetic genes in vivo with high efficiency. Inactivation of a nonribosomal peptide synthetase-encoding gene completely abolished FK228 production in mutant strains. Subsequently, the entire FK228 biosynthetic gene cluster was cloned and sequenced. This gene cluster is predicted to encompass a 36.4-kb DNA region that includes 14 genes. The products of nine biosynthetic genes are proposed to constitute an unusual hybrid nonribosomal peptide synthetase-polyketide synthase-nonribosomal peptide synthetase assembly line including accessory activities for the biosynthesis of FK228. In particular, a putative flavin adenine dinucleotide-dependent pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase is proposed to catalyze disulfide bond formation between two sulfhydryl groups of cysteine residues as the final step in FK228 biosynthesis. Acquisition of the FK228 biosynthetic gene cluster and acclimation of an efficient genetic system should enable genetic engineering of the FK228 biosynthetic pathway in C. violaceum no. 968 for the generation of structural analogs as anticancer drug candidates.
An Attributional Look at Explanatory Style (1991)

(1991). An Attributional Look at Explanatory Style. Psychological Inquiry: Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 43-44.
Thrombolysis in Acute Stroke Patients with Cerebral Small Vessel Disease (2013)

The studies herein reviewed show that thrombolysis is an effective treatment in acute lacunar stroke, and that the presence of cerebral SVD increases the risk of ICH during thrombolysis but does not represent an absolute exclusion criterion. In the future, it can be assumed that the use of MRI on a routine basis might lead to a better quantitative definition of SVD and its correlates, permitting a step forward in thrombolysis decision making.
Biscuit, Cracker, and Cookie Recipes for the Food Industry (2001)

Biscuit,cricker and cookie recipes for the food industry , Biscuit,cricker and cookie recipes for the food industry , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Eco-efficient concrete (2013)

Part 1 Eco-efficiency of Portland cement concrete: Environmental impact of Portland cement production Low binder intensity eco-efficient concretes Life cycle assessment (LCA) aspects of concrete. Part 2 Concrete with supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs): Natural pozzolans in eco-efficient concrete Artificial pozzolans in eco-efficient concrete Tests to evaluate pozzolanic activity in eco-efficient concrete Properties of concrete with high volume pozzolans Influence of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) on concrete durability Performance of self- compacting concrete (SCC) with high volume SCMs High volume ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) concrete Recycled glass concrete. Part 3 Concrete with non-reactive wastes: Municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) concrete Concrete with polymeric wastes Concrete with construction and demolition wastes (CDW) An eco-efficient approach to concrete carbonation Concrete with polymers. Part 4 Future alternative binders and use of nano and biotech: Alkali-activated based concrete Sulfoaluminate cement Reactive magnesia cement Nanotechnology for eco-efficient concrete Biotechconcrete: An innovative approach for concrete with enhanced durability.
A neutron-diffraction study of hemimorphite (1978)

The hydrogen atoms in hemimorphite, Zn4Si207(OH)2 &apos; H20, have been located and its crystal structure refined using 415 three-dimensional single-crystal neutron-diffraction data. The mineral is orthorhombic, space group Imm2, with a 8.367(5), b
Status and future activities of the Standing Committee on Ornithological Nomenclature of the International Ornithological Committee (IOC) (1992)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Mechanical and Morphological Properties of Chemically Treated Coir-Filled Polypropylene Composites (2009)

In the present work, coir was chemically treated first with sodium perchlorate and then with 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine (DNPH) to improve the mechanical properties of the coir−PP composites. Untreated, oxidized, and DNPH-treated coir samples at different mixing ratios were utilized to prepare the composites. Mechanical properties of the composites prepared from both perchlorate and DNPH-treated coir were found to be better than those of untreated ones. The tensile strengths of both untreated and treated coir−PP composites decreased with an increase in fiber content. However, the values were found to be higher than those of corresponding values of untreated ones. Treated coir−PP composites were found to absorb a lower amount of water than the untreated ones. To understand why the mechanical properties of composites prepared under different conditions of coir were different, surface morphologies of the tensile fractured surfaces of the specimens were recorded using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The SEM images clearly revealed that there were fewer fiber agglomerations, microvoids, and fiber pull out traces in both perchorate and DNPH-treated coir−PP composite than in the untreated one, indicating that better distribution of the fiber into the matrix as well as stronger fiber matrix interfacial adhesion occurred upon treatment of coir.
Fine-Needle Aspiration of Palpable Breast Masses (1983)

Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) can provide a morphologic diagnosis of palpable breast masses in an accurate, efficient, inexpensive, and safe manner. However, how one acquires the skill to perform the FNA and interpret the resulting smears, while protecting the patient from the risk of false-positive or false-negative results, is scarcely considered. We used a three-phase program to acquire experience with FNA while providing services for 205 patients over a 16-month period. We performed FNA sequentially in vitro, in vivo, and finally in vivo for clinical use. With available literature and this graduated implementation program, physicians totally inexperienced with FNA can achieve results similar to those of medical centers having experience with thousands of patients.
Unshielded MR elements with patterned exchange-biasing (1989)

The concept of patterned longitudinal biasing as a means to suppress Barkhausen noise in narrow-track MR (magnetoresistive) elements without under permeability degradation of the read region is discussed. This scheme also renders the performance of the read region relatively insensitive to the exact magnitude of the externally applied longitudinal bias, as long as this bias is large enough to ensure good longitudinal alignment of magnetization at the tail regions. This concept was demonstrated with Permalloy MR elements using patterned exchange biasing. Results show that these elements do indeed exhibit quiet and stable responses, but without the severe sensitivity reduction which is characteristic of MR elements under normal strong uniform longitudinal biasing.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Substance P in sensory nerve fibres contributes to the development of oedema in the rat hind paw after thermal injury (1984)

Immersion of the hind paws of anesthetized rats in hot water for 5 min induced massive plasma protein leakage as indicated by extravasation of Evans blue dye in the skin. The threshold temperature which caused noticeable plasma extravasation was 45 degrees C, a maximal response was obtained between 55 degrees C and 60 degrees C. Pretreatment of rats 2 days after birth with 50 mg kg-1 capsaicin significantly reduced the Evans blue extravasation induced by hot water at 50 degrees C and 60 degrees C, whereas guanethidine pretreatment 24 h before the experiment caused a significantly increased response at 40 degrees C, 45 degrees C and 50 degrees C. When Evans blue was injected between 10 and 120 min after immersion of the paw in hot water, a significant extravasation of the dye was no longer detectable. However, the weight of the paw as well as the weight of the piece of skin taken for Evans blue quantification increased during this period indicating the progressive development of oedema in the skin and underlying tissues. In rats treated with capsaicin as neonates, the increase in paw weight after immersion in water of 50 degrees C for 5 min was significantly delayed during the first hour, but there was no difference after two hours. In rats pretreated with D-Arg1,D-Pro2-,D- Trp7 ,9, Leu11 -substance P, a substance P (SP) antagonist, the Evans blue extravasation was significantly reduced. However, the response, which remained in rats treated with capsaicin as neonates was not blocked by the SP-antagonist. 6 It is concluded that activation of peripheral branches of sensory SP neurones contributes to the initial massive protein extravasation and to the subsequent rate of development of oedema following heat injury. Release of histamine did not significantly contribute to this response at the lower temperatures, although the response was reduced by histamine receptor blocking drugs at 55 degrees and 60 degrees C. Decreasing the sympathetic vasoconstrictor tone by guanethidine resulted in an increased response.
Inhibition of c-ABL sensitizes breast cancer cells to the dual ErbB receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor lapatinib (GW572016). (2011)

The responsiveness to lapatinib can be improved by targeting the function of c-ABL, suggesting that combination treatment of lapatinib plus imatinib can lead to significant gains in therapeutic benefit.
High Efficiency Detectors for Time-of-Flight with High Energy Neutrons (1978)

We discuss our experience in achieving sub-nanosecond time resolution with neutrons about 100 MeV on a scintillation detector 15 × 15 × 100 cm viewed by a single phototube. Time compensation is accomplished by tilting the scintillator axis with respect to the neutron flight path as discussed in a previous paper. We also discuss the interplay between the time compensation from the geometry of light collection and the electronic technique for picking off the time signal.
Logical Layout Analysis using Deep Learning (2019)

Logical layout analysis plays an important part in document understanding. It can become a challenging task due to varying formats and layouts. Researchers have proposed different ways to solve this problem, mostly using visual information in some way and a complex pipeline. In this paper, we present a simple technique for labelling the logical structures in document images. We use visual and textual features from the document images to label zones. We utilize Recurrent Neural Networks, specifically 2 layers of LSTM, which input the text from the zone that we want to classify as sequences of words and the normalized position of each word with respect to the page width and height. Comparisons are made by comparing the image under test with the known layouts and labels are assigned to zones accordingly. The labels are abstract, title, author names, and affiliation; however, the text also contains very important information for the task at hand. The presented approach achieved an overall accuracy of 96.21% on publicly available MARG dataset.
Structure of chromium deposits from plating solutions containing trivalent and hexavalent chromium (1986)

The structures of chromium deposits on iron from plating solutions containing chromium in the hexavalent and trivalent forms have been examined and compared. The two deposits are referred to as hexavalent and trivalent deposits, respectlvely. The hexavalent deposits are microcrystalline and epitaxial, but the trivalent deposits are distinctly different. They are never epitaxial and only microcrystalline when deposited at high current densities (> 1000 A m−2). Evidence is presented from electron microscropy, X–ray diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry that the trivalent deposits at low current densities are amorphous, with a crystallization temperature of approximately 350°C. The trivalent deposits also contain six times the amount of dissolved gases (oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen) as in the hexavalent deposits. There is some evidence that the trivalent plating solution consists of two plating systems: an ammonia–free system which deposits amorphous chromium and predominates at low current densities, and a system containing ammonia which deposits crystalline chromium and predominates at high current densities.MST/374
Formation and rearrangement of sulfur-insertion products of octaethylcyclotetrasilane (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFormation and rearrangement of sulfur-insertion products of octaethylcyclotetrasilaneCorey W. Carlson and Robert WestCite this: Organometallics 1983, 2, 12, 1798–1801Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om50006a016https://doi.org/10.1021/om50006a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views92Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The National Science Foundation Looks to the Future (1981)

Great advances have been made in fundamental scientific research in recent years. The new knowledge gathered, in addition to deepening our understanding of the physical universe, contributes a range of abilities and opportunities to society that would not otherwise be available. Much research that may be called applied because it addresses needs of society is quite fundamental in character, and support of such research at the National Science Foundation is to be handled in tandem by the research directorates. Other areas that require a refocusing of support are engineering science and education, at all levels, in science and engineering. Increasing our strength in these areas is essential to achieve our national economic, social, and political goals. Steps are being taken by the National Science Foundation to make its structure better able to deal with engineering and applied research and to provide greater mutual reinforcement between applied and basic research.
A new laminate material for high performance PCBs: liquid crystal polymer copper clad films (2002)

We have all heard that the primary drivers that are moving the electronics industry can be summarized in three words: faster, smaller, lighter. Many laminate materials have been developed in the history of the electronics industry and each has been designed to provide designers, fabricators and OEMs with interconnects that would satisfy this paradigm. However, as densities increase the demands placed on laminate materials are beginning to approach the limits of some of these materials. To meet manufacturer's needs, new materials must be continually developed to meet the demands of the electronics industry. This paper discusses a newly developed material consisting of a high performance liquid crystal polymer (LCP) laminated to copper foil. LCPs offer a balance of properties unmatched by other engineering or high performance resins. Some of the advantages offered by the LCP copper clad film include: low dielectric constant; very low moisture absorption; laser hole formation; processing similar to standard FR-4 materials; and chemical resistance. Also, this paper discusses the evaluation of multilayer PCB fabricated with liquid crystal polymer copper clad film. The evaluation included peel strength, solder float testing, moisture absorption and moisture and insulation resistance testing. The result of this work was the production of a functional PCMCIA card.
High-Performance Computing for Asset-Liability Management (2001)

Financial institutions require sophisticated tools for risk management. For companywide risk management, both sides of the balance sheet should be considered, resulting in an integrated asset-liability management approach. Stochastic programming models suit these needs well and have already been applied in the field of asset-liability management to improve financial operations and risk management. The dynamic aspect of the financial planning problems inevitably leads to multiple decision stages (trading dates) in the stochastic program and results in an explosion of dimensionality. In this paper we show that dedicated model generation, specialized solution techniques based on decomposition and high-performance computing, are the essential elements to tackle these large-scale financial planning problems. It turns out that memory management is a major bottleneck when solving very large problems, given an efficient solution approach and a parallel computing facility. We report on the solution of an asset-liability management model for an actual Dutch pension fund with 4,826,809 scenarios; 12,469,250 constraints; and 24,938,502 variables; which is the largest stochastic linear program ever solved. A closer look at the optimal decisions reveals that the initial asset mix is more stable for larger models, demonstrating the potential benefits of the high-performance computing approach for ALM.
Studies on mixed metal oxides solid solutions as heterogeneous catalysts (2009)

In this work, a series of perovskite-type mixed oxide LaMo xV1-xO3+δ powder catalysts (x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9, and 1.0, with 0.5 < δ < 1.5), prepared by the sol-gel process and calcined at 750ºC, provide an attractive and effective alternative means of synthesizing materials with better control of morphology. Structures of resins obtained during the gel formation process by FT-IR spectroscopy and XRD analysis showed that all the LaMo xV1-xO3+δ samples are single phase perovskite-type solid solutions. The surface area (BET) between 2.5 - 5.0 m²/g (x = 0.1 and 1.0 respectively) increases with increasing Mo ratio in the samples. They show high purity, good chemical homogeneity, and lower calcinations temperatures as compared with the solid-state chemistry route. SEM coupled to EDS and thermogravimetric analysis/differential thermal analyses (TGA/DTA) have been carried out in order to evaluate the homogeneity of the catalyst. Finally, the experimental studies show that the calcination temperature and Mo content exhibited a significant influence on catalytic activity. Among the LaMo xV1-xO3+δ samples, LaMo0.7V0.3O4.2 showed the best catalytic activity for the topic reaction and the best activity and stability for ethane reforming at 850ºC under 8 bar.
Review of the Results of WT1 Peptide Vaccination Strategies for Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Acute Myeloid Leukemia from Nine Different Studies (2015)

We performed a systematic review of data from nine clinical trials of WT1 peptide vaccination in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and/or acute myeloid leukemia (MDS/AML), published between 2004 and 2012. A total of 51 patients were eligible for analysis. Vaccination with WT1 peptides proved safe and feasible in patients with MDS/AML, in studies from different institutions. Additionally, clinical responses and clinical benefit were observed, with some patients achieving and maintaining remission long-term (more than 8 years). A significant correlation between induction of WT1-specific T cells and normalization/reduction of WT1 mRNA levels and progression-free survival was noted in a number of studies. However, larger studies are warranted to confirm these results. Interestingly, the majority of trials reported the presence of WT1-specific T cells with limited or absent functionality prior to vaccination, which increased in frequency and function after vaccination. In conclusion, WT1 peptide vaccination strategies were safe in this heterogeneous group of patient with MDS/AML. Larger and more homogeneous studies or randomized clinical trials are needed to quantify the contribution of WT1 peptide vaccines to clinical responses and long-term survival.
Retronasal Aroma Release and Satiation: a Review (2009)

In view of the epidemic of obesity, one of the aims of the food industry is to develop good-tasting food products that may induce an increased level of satiation, preventing consumers from overeating. This review focuses on the possibility of using aroma as a trigger for inducing or increasing satiation. Using a novel approach of atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry (APcI-MS) in combination with olfactometry, the relative importance of different aroma concepts for satiation was studied, from both consumer and food product points of view. The extent of retronasal aroma release appears to be a physiological feature that characterizes a person. Although the extent of retronasal aroma release appears to be subject specific, food product properties can be tailored in such a way that these can lead to a higher quality and/or quantity of retronasal aroma stimulation. This in turn provokes enhanced feelings of satiation and ultimately may contribute to a decrease in food intake.
Probability of State Transition Errors in a Finite State Machine Containing Soft Failures (1984)

A Markov model of a finite state machine realization containing gates and memory elements each subject to internal soft errors is given and a computational method for determining the probability of state transition errors is presented. The system inputs are taken as stochasticaily driven and the long-run stationary probability distribution of the states is developed. Similar results are determined for a fault-tolerant realization using error-correcting codes to form cluster states according to a technique of Reed. The state transition error performance of the coded machine is compared to that of the original realization; a dramatic improvement is seen when normally small soft error rates are encountered. The computational aspects of the required probabilities are investigated and a simplified approximation approach is proposed and analyzed. Bounds on the approximation inaccuracies are derived.