gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthèse et étude physico-chimique de nouveaux matériaux organiques d'électrode positive à base de phénothiazine pour les applications dans les accumulateurs au lithium (2013)

L’objectif de cette these est de developper des materiaux organiques redox a base de phenothiazine pour etre utilises a l’electrode positive des batteries lithium. Les materiaux organiques s’inscrivent en rupture des materiaux inorganiques couteux et toxiques. Dans ce but, des materiaux redox contenant l’unite phenothiazine ont ete synthetises, caracterises. Leurs proprietes electrochimiques ont ete analysees par depot sur electrode et par microelectrode a cavite, puis les plus prometteurs ont ete testes en cellule lithium et sodium. La cible redox choisie, la phenothiazine, a ete polymerisee et substituee a un squelette phosphazene. Les tests en cellules ont mis en evidence la dissolution systematique du materiau et la necessite d’empecher ce phenomene redhibitoire pour l’application batterie. Dans ce but, l’utilisation de polymeres insolubles et de copolymeres dotes d’une fonction post-reticulable ont permis d’augmenter significativement la cyclabilite et les performances energetiques des cellules lithium. De plus, l’utilisation du sodium a l’electrode negative et d’anions peu lipophiles ont egalement permis de limiter cette contribution de dissolution. Une fonctionnalisation du carbone par la phenothiazine a egalement ete investiguee par deux strategies differentes. Dans les deux cas, un greffage a ete realise avec succes. Les analyses electrochimiques ont permis de confirmer des proprietes electrochimiques tres prometteuses de ces carbones modifies.
Threshold voltage of the EOSFET: Reference electrode and oxide–electrolyte interface (2012)

Abstract The threshold voltage of the EOSFET is derived in close analogy to the common MOSFET, addressing the role of the reference electrode and of the oxide–electrolyte interface. It is shown that the reference electrode is characterized by the work function of its redox system, and that the oxide–electrolyte interface contributes by a change of the electrical polarization when it is formed from the free surfaces. The threshold of the EOSFET can be obtained from the threshold of a homologous MOSFET, if the change of the interfacial polarization is known, e.g., from a molecular dynamics simulation. Vice versa, a measured difference of the thresholds provides information on the change of the interfacial polarization. In sensor applications, changes of the interfacial polarization as well as of the electrical double layer must be taken into account.
P5316Birthweight, childhood growth patterns and left ventricular structure at midlife: Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort Study (2019)

Abstract Background Higher cardiac left ventricular (LV) mass (LVM) has independently been associated with cardiovascular risk and mortality. Changes in LV structure have been observed in children with obesity. However, information about the long-term influence of early growth on LV structure is limited. Purpose To explore the associations between early growth patterns, specifically birth weight, age and body mass index (BMI) at infant BMI peak and at childhood BMI rebound, and LV structure at midlife. Methods At the age of 46, a sample of the participants of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 took part in follow-up examinations. A randomly selected subpopulation was enrolled to echocardiographic examinations (n=1124). BMI at various ages in childhood was calculated from frequent anthropometric measurements collected from child welfare clinical records. Age and BMI at BMI peak (n=541, mean age 9.0 months) and at BMI rebound (n=657, mean age 5.8 years) were derived from random effect models. Results Birth weight (n=1124), BMI at BMI peak and at BMI rebound were directly associated with LVM (beta [standardized]: 0.171, 0.186 and 0.223, respectively, p<0.001 for all) and LVM index (LVMI) (beta: 0.146, 0.120 and 0.120, respectively, p<0.01 for all) at midlife. All the associations, except that between BMI at BMI peak and LVMI, remained significant after adjustments for gender, adult blood pressure, heart rate, antihypertensive medications, heart diseases and diabetes (p<0.05 for all). Significant interaction between gender and age at BMI rebound was observed in LVMI. Age at BMI rebound was inversely associated with LVMI in both genders, the association being stronger in males (beta: −0.212, p<0.001) compared to females (beta: −0.117, p=0.025) and independent of potential confounders. There were direct univariate associations of birth weight and BMI at BMI peak and rebound with LV relative wall thickness (p=0.009–0.019), which were largely explained by potential confounders. However, the association of birth weight with LV relative wall thickness retained its significance even after relevant adjustments (beta: 0.097, p=0.001). After additional adjustments for adult BMI, only associations of birth weight and BMI at BMI peak with LVM remained significant, which, however, did not remain significant after additional adjustment for adult height. Conclusions This study shows that birth weight and early growth patterns are associated with LV structure at midlife, which is largely explained by adult BMI. Therefore, the relationship between early growth patterns to LV structure in the adulthood may be largely explained by their strong tracking to obesity and related cardiovascular risk factors at midlife and to some extent by normal somatic growth.
Disruption of a Nuclear NFATc2 Protein Stabilization Loop Confers Breast and Pancreatic Cancer Growth Suppression by Zoledronic Acid (2011)

The aminobisphosphonate zoledronic acid has elicited significant attention due to its remarkable anti-tumoral activity, although its detailed mechanism of action remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate the existence of a nuclear GSK-3β-NFATc2 stabilization pathway that promotes breast and pancreatic cancer growth in vitro and in vivo and serves as a bona fide target of zoledronic acid. Specifically, the serine/threonine kinase GSK-3β stabilizes nuclear NFATc2 through phosphorylation of the serine-rich SP2 domain, thus protecting the transcription factor from E3-ubiquitin ligase HDM2-mediated proteolysis. Zoledronic acid disrupts this NFATc2 stabilization pathway through two mechanisms, namely GSK-3β inhibition and induction of HDM2 activity. Upon nuclear accumulation, HDM2 targets unphosphorylated NFATc2 for ubiquitination at acceptor lysine residues Lys-684/Lys-897 and hence labels the factor for subsequent proteasomal degradation. Conversely, mutagenesis-induced constitutive serine phosphorylation (Ser-215, Ser-219, and Ser-223) of the SP2 domain prevents NFATc2 from HDM2-mediated ubiquitination and degradation and consequently rescues cancer cells from growth suppression by zoledronic acid. In conclusion, this study demonstrates a critical role of the GSK-3β-HDM2 signaling loop in the regulation of NFATc2 protein stability and growth promotion and suggests that double targeting of this pathway is responsible, at least to a significant part, for the potent and reliable anti-tumoral effects of zoledronic acid.
<title>Removal of spin degeneracy in SiGe-based nanostructures</title> (2002)

The photogalvanic effects, which require a system lacking inversion symmetry, become possible in SiGe based quantum well (QW) structures due to their built-in asymmetry. We report on the removal of spin degeneracy in the <b>k</b>-space of SiGe nanostructures. This is concluded from the observations of the circular photogalvanic effect induced by infrared radiation in asymmetric <i>p</i>-type QWs. We discuss possible mechanisms that give rise to spin-splitting of the electronic subband states.
Efficiency versus Convergence of Boolean Kernels for On-Line Learning Algorithms (2002)

We study online learning in Boolean domains using kernels which capture feature expansions equivalent to using conjunctions over basic features. We demonstrate a tradeoff between the computational efficiency with which these kernels can be computed and the generalization ability of the resulting classifier. We first describe several kernel functions which capture either limited forms of conjunctions or all conjunctions. We show that these kernels can be used to efficiently run the Percep-tron algorithm over an exponential number of conjunctions; however we also prove that using such kernels the Perceptron algorithm can make an exponential number of mistakes even when learning simple functions. We also consider an analogous use of kernel functions to run the multiplicative-update Winnow algorithm over an expanded feature space of exponentially many conjunctions. While known upper bounds imply that Winnow can learn DNF formulae with a polynomial mistake bound in this setting, we prove that it is computationally hard to simulate Win-now's behavior for learning DNF over such a feature set, and thus that such kernel functions for Winnow are not efficiently computable.
Immunomodulatory properties of <i>Brucella melitensis</i> lipopolysaccharide determinants on mouse dendritic cells <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> (2017)

The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a major virulence factor of Brucella, a facultative intracellular pathogenic Gram-negative bacterium. Brucella LPS exhibits a low toxicity and its atypical structure was postulated to delay the host immune response, favouring the establishment of chronic disease. Here we carried out an in-depth in vitro and in vivo characterisation of the immunomodulatory effects of Brucella LPS on different dendritic cell (DC) subpopulations. By using LPSs from bacteria that share some of Brucella LPS structural features, we demonstrated that the core component of B. melitensis wild-type (Bm-wt) LPS accounts for the low activation potential of Brucella LPS in mouse GM-CSF-derived (GM-) DCs. Contrary to the accepted dogma considering Brucella LPS a poor TLR4 agonist and DC activator, Bm-wt LPS selectively induced expression of surface activation markers and cytokine secretion from Flt3-Ligand-derived (FL-) DCs in a TLR4-dependent manner. It also primed in vitro T cell proliferation by FL-DCs. In contrast, modified LPS with a defective core purified from Brucella carrying a mutated wadC gene (Bm-wadC), efficiently potentiated mouse and human DC activation and T cell proliferation in vitro. In vivo, Bm-wt LPS promoted scant activation of splenic DC subsets and limited recruitment of monocyte- DC like cells in the spleen, conversely to Bm-wadC LPS. Bm-wadC live bacteria drove high cytokine secretion levels in sera of infected mice. Altogether, these results illustrate the immunomodulatory properties of Brucella LPS and the enhanced DC activation ability of the wadC mutation with potential for vaccine development targeting Brucella core LPS structure.
Persistent spectral hole burning used for spectrally high-resolved imaging of the sun (1995)

Persistent spectral hole burning (PSHB) makes it possible to store images of the sun spectrally and spatially in a single exposure step at very high resolution. The current system consists of a chlorin-doped polymer film (polyvinylbutyral), cooled to 2 K. It has a spectral resolution of 300 MHz (0.0004 nm) and may be used in the range of about 628 to 638 nm. Theoretically the spatial resolution is confined to molecular dimensions. In solar observations, however, it is determined by the optical setup and atmospheric conditions. The exposure is done by imaging the sun onto the sample (exposure energy: 6 mJ/cm<SUP>2</SUP> GHz). Afterwards the stored information is read out by scanning a tunable dye-laser across the spectal range of interest. The laser light is used to image the sample at each frequency point onto a cooled 12 bit CCD- camera. For acquisition, archiving, processing, and visualization of the huge amount of data (up to 10 GByte per experiment), a parallel processor system is used.
Metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) ultrafast switching research and its applications (2013)

Direct experiments confirm the mechanism of metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) ultrafast switching during which the switching times do not exceed units of nanoseconds. It was experimentally established that, in contrast to the known nanosecond-range switches that either close or break a circuit, a MOSFET in the ultrafast switching mode can perform both functions. Possible applications of the MOSFET ultrafast switching effect in circuits of pulse formers with nanosecond rise and fall times are considered and illustrated.
Local crystal structure and physical properties change of <i>p</i>-type transparent conducting oxide: CuCrO2 upon Ti-substitution (2017)

A combination of high optical transparency and good electrical conductivity is realized in CuCrO2, a p-type transparent conducting oxide. With an aim to improve its physical properties, a CuCr1–xTixO2 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1) series was prepared and investigated for its structural, electrical transport, and optical properties. Along with the lattice parameter values, refinement of X-ray diffraction profiles confirm the solubility limit of Ti within the delafossite unit cell. Electrical resistivity and heat capacity measured by varying the temperature further characterize the Ti-substituted compositions. As determined from ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, no significant changes take place in the optical gap of CuCrO2 with Ti addition. Apart from confirming the 4+ valence state of Ti, the X-ray absorption near edge structure highlights the subtle changes taking place in the Cu–O hybridization upon Ti-substitution. The analysis of temperature dependent extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, recorded at the Cr and Cu K-edge, emphasizes the impact of redistribution of charges on the local crystal structure. Cu–Cu hybridization along the a-axis appears to be influenced mainly by the temperature and only slightly by Ti substitution.
Concave reflective SU-8 photoresist gratings for flat-field integrated spectrometers (2006)

On-chip spectrometry will play a leading role in the development of micro-optofluidic systems for analytical chemistry. Integrated spectrometers fabricated using a polymer-on-silicon platform have been designed, fabricated, and characterized. Reflective grating designs have been implemented using a recursive algorithm to calculate the facet positions as described by McGreer [Appl. Opt. 35, 5904 (1996)]. It is shown that the free spectral range, the output focal plane geometry, and the linear dispersion can be selected with a high degree of control independently of the chosen grating order. The polymer-on-silicon platform facilitates integration with microfluidic circuits and cost-efficient batch fabrication.
Catalyst-Support Interactions during Carbon Nanotube Synthesis (2011)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2011 in Nashville, Tennessee, USA, August 7–August 11, 2011.
Geminal dimethyl stereochemistry in the enzymic cyclization of geranyl pyrophosphate to (+)- and (-)-.alpha.-pinene (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGeminal dimethyl stereochemistry in the enzymic cyclization of geranyl pyrophosphate to (+)- and (-)-.alpha.-pineneRobert M. Coates, Jon F. Denissen, Rodney B. Croteau, and Carl J. WheelerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 14, 4399–4401Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00248a048https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00248a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views177Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Kinetic study of orthophosphate sorption on metal oxides (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetic study of orthophosphate sorption on metal oxidesDonald R. VissersCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1969, 73, 6, 1953–1955Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1969https://doi.org/10.1021/j100726a050RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views33Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (312 KB) Get e-Alerts
Command you me from play every minute of the day: Peter Rank, Jonestown, Pennsylvania (2001)

Writing this thesis has been filled w ith discovery, excitem ent, and disappointment.In these few lines I hope to express my gratitude to a num ber of individuals who helped and encouraged me throughout this process.First and forem ost I w ant to thank my advisor, Charles Hummel, who opened my eyes to the study of craftsm en through a course he teaches in the W interthur program.His scholarship and enthusiasm for the field o f m aterial
Does falls efficacy predict gait performance in high-functioning older people? (2008)

Introduction: Falls efficacy, defined as confidence in performing activities without falling, is a measure of fear of falling associated with gait impairment, falls and functional decline in frail older people. This relationship has not been well studied in high-functioning older people. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between falls efficacy and gait performance in a cohort of high-functioning older people. Methods: Subjects (N = 864) were a subsample of communitydwelling older people aged 65 to 70 years, enrolled in the "Lc65+" cohort, who completed gait assessment at baseline. Data were collected on demographics, functional, cognitive, affective, and health status. Falls efficacy was assessed using the Falls Efficacy Scale- International (FES-I) that measures confidence in performing 16 activities of daily life (ADL) without falling (score from 16 to 64, higher score indicates lower confidence). Gait parameters were measured over a 20 m walk at preferred gait speed using Physilog, an ambulatory gait monitoring system. Results: Participants (mean age 68.0 ± 1.4 years, 55.0% women) had excellent physical (92.2% independent in basic ADL, mean gait speed 1.13 ± 0.16 m/sec) and cognitive (98.0% with MMSE 024) performance. Nevertheless, 22.1% reported depressive symptoms and 16.1% one or more fall in the previous year. Mean FES-I score was 18.8 ± 4.1. Falls efficacy was associated with gait speed (Spearman rho -0.23, P <.001) and gait variability (Spearman rho 0.10, P = .006), measured by the coefficient of variation of stride velocity. These associations remained in multivariate analysis for both gait speed (adj [beta] coeff: -0.008, 95%CI -0.005 to -0.010, P <.001) and gait variability (adj [beta] coeff 0.024, 95%CI 0.003 to 0.045, P = .023) independent of gender, falls, functional, affective, cognitive, and frailty (Fried's criteria) status. On average, compared to subjects with poor confidence in performing one ADL without falling, those with full confidence had a 0.02 m/sec (2%) faster gait speed and a 2% decrease in gait variability. Conclusion: Even in high-functioning older people, poor falls efficacy is associated with reduced gait speed and stability, independent of health, functional, and frailty status. The direction of this relationship needs to be investigated prospectively to determine causality and design interventions to improve gait performance, reduce fall risk, and prevent functional decline.
Malyngamide A, a novel chlorinated metabolite of the marine cyanophyte Lyngbya majuscula (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMalyngamide A, a novel chlorinated metabolite of the marine cyanophyte Lyngbya majusculaJohn H. Cardellina II, Franz Josef Marner, and Richard E. MooreCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 1, 240–242Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00495a051https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00495a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views481Altmetric-Citations86LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Influence of <i>α</i>‐Tricalcium Phosphate Nanoparticles and Microparticles on the Degradation of Poly(<scp>D</scp>,<scp>L</scp>‐lactide‐co‐glycolide) (2009)

The in vitro degradation behavior of a series of resorbable, bioactive nano- and microcomposites designed for orthopaedic application is explored. Nanoparticles of α-tricalcium phosphate are significantly more effective than the equivalent microparticles in reducing heterogeneity of the poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) degradation. More uniform degradation, reduced acid release, and less swelling of polymer were observed. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Bus mastering PCI express in an FPGA (2009)

This paper describes a bus mastering implementation of the PCI Express protocol using a Xilinx FPGA. While the theoretical peak performance of PCI Express is quite high, attaining that performance is a complex endeavor on top of an already complex protocol. The implementation is described and its performance is analyzed. Source code is offered for free download via the web.