gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The human calcium‐independent phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> gene (1999)

Recently, we reported the human 88-kDa calcium-independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2) cDNA sequence, as well as extensive alternative splicing of the iPLA2 mRNA. In this report we identified the gene coding for iPLA2, which was localized on chromosome 22q13.1. The gene consists of at least 17 exons spanning > 69 kb. Based on the iPLA2 gene organization the splice variants can be explained. The putative promotor for the iPLA2 gene lacks a TATA-box and contains a CpG island as well as several potential Sp-1-binding sites. Furthermore, the 5'-flanking region also contains one medium reiteration frequency repeat (MER53) and an Alu repetitive sequence. Northern blot analysis of iPLA2 mRNA in various human tissues demonstrated tissue-specific expression of four distinct iPLA2 transcripts. The native human 3.2-kb iPLA2 transcript was predominantly expressed in heart, brain, skeletal muscle, prostate, testis, thyroid and spinal cord, and to a lesser extent in peripheral blood leucocytes, stomach, trachea and bone marrow. Studies on the subcellular localization of the native iPLA2 protein were performed in COS-7 cells overexpressing this enzyme. The cytosolic fraction of untransfected and cells overexpressing iPLA2 contained equal amounts of calcium-independent PLA2 activity. However, the membrane fraction displayed a 5.5-fold increased activity in iPLA2 overexpressing cells. This increased calcium-independent PLA2 activity correlated with the presence of iPLA2 immunoreactive protein in the membrane fraction, indicating that this form of iPLA2 protein was membrane associated. Studies of iPLA2 in rat vascular smooth muscle cells verified the membrane association of this form of iPLA2. The major difference between this form of iPLA2 enzyme and the soluble forms of iPLA2 studied previously is the presence of 54 additional amino acid residues derived from exon 9. We suggest that the addition of these 54 amino acids leads to a membrane-associated protein. In summary, these results demonstrate that alternative splicing of the human iPLA2 transcript generates multiple iPLA2 isoforms with distinct tissue distribution and cellular localization.
Global biogeography of microbial nitrogen-cycling traits in soil (2016)

Microorganisms drive much of the Earth's nitrogen (N) cycle, but we still lack a global overview of the abundance and composition of the microorganisms carrying out soil N processes. To address this gap, we characterized the biogeography of microbial N traits, defined as eight N-cycling pathways, using publically available soil metagenomes. The relative frequency of N pathways varied consistently across soils, such that the frequencies of the individual N pathways were positively correlated across the soil samples. Habitat type, soil carbon, and soil N largely explained the total N pathway frequency in a sample. In contrast, we could not identify major drivers of the taxonomic composition of the N functional groups. Further, the dominant genera encoding a pathway were generally similar among habitat types. The soil samples also revealed an unexpectedly high frequency of bacteria carrying the pathways required for dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium, a little-studied N process in soil. Finally, phylogenetic analysis showed that some microbial groups seem to be N-cycling specialists or generalists. For instance, taxa within the Deltaproteobacteria encoded all eight N pathways, whereas those within the Cyanobacteria primarily encoded three pathways. Overall, this trait-based approach provides a baseline for investigating the relationship between microbial diversity and N cycling across global soils.
The Mechanism, Kinetic Study and Non-Linear Optical Properties (NLO) of Para-Chloroaniline Using DFT Approach (2019)

The synthesis of poly-p-chloroaniline (PpCA) by oxidative chemical polymerization using potassium dichromate as oxidizing agent was carried out. The optimum conditions for the polymerization reaction and the order of reactions and thermodynamic activation parameters were investigated. A molecular mechanism for the oxidation of p-chloroaniline using potassium dichromate is proposed. The TGA analysis and spectroscopic studies IR, UV-vis and elemental analysis have evidenced the structure of polymeric chain. The surface morphology of the obtained polymer was characterized by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Moreover, determinations of dielectric properties of the prepared polymer were carried out. The a.c conductivity (σac) of (PpCA) was investigated as a function of frequency and temperature. The microscopic conduction mechanism of charge carries over the potential barrier in polymer backbone was found classical hopping model. The electronic structure of neutral PpCA, radical cation and dimer radical cation are investigated theoretically at the B3LYP/6-311G** level of theory. The mechanism of the polymerization process is discussed and analyzed. The calculated EHOMO and ELUMO energies of the studied compounds can be used to calculate the global properties; chemical hardness (η), softness (S) and electronegativity (χ). The calculated nonlinear optical parameters (NLO); polarizibilty (α), anisotropy of the polarizibility (Δα) and first order hyperpolarizibility (β) of the studied compounds show promising optical properties. 3D-plots of the molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) for neutral monomer and radical cation dimer are investigated and analyzed showing the distribution of electronic density of orbitals describing the electrophilic and nucleophilic sites of the neutral monomer and radical cation dimer.
A Biodegradation Study of SBA-15 Microparticles in Simulated Body Fluid and <i>in Vivo</i> (2015)

Mesoporous silica has received considerable attention as a drug delivery vehicle because of its large surface area and large pore volume for loading drugs and large biomolecules. Recently, mesoporous silica microparticles have shown potential as a three-dimensional vaccine platform for modulating dendritic cells via spontaneous assembly of microparticles in a specific region after subcutaneous injection. For further in vivo applications, the biodegradation behavior of mesoporous silica microparticles must be studied and known. Until now, most biodegradation studies have focused on mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs); here, we report the biodegradation of hexagonally ordered mesoporous silica, SBA-15, with micrometer-sized lengths (∼32 μm with a high aspect ratio). The degradation of SBA-15 microparticles was investigated in simulated body fluid (SBF) and in mice by analyzing the structural change over time. SBA-15 microparticles were found to degrade in SBF and in vivo. The erosion of SBA-15 under biological conditions led to a loss of the hysteresis loop in the nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherm and fingerprint peaks in small-angle X-ray scattering, specifically indicating a degradation of ordered mesoporous structure. Via comparison to previous results of degradation of MSNs in SBF, SBA-15 microparticles degraded faster than MCM-41 nanoparticles presumably because SBA-15 microparticles have a pore size (∼8 nm) and a pore volume larger than those of MCM-41 mesoporous silica. The surface functional groups, the residual amounts of organic templates, and the hydrothermal treatment during the synthesis could affect the rate of degradation of SBA-15. In in vivo testing, previous studies focused on the evaluation of toxicity of mesoporous silica particles in various organs. In contrast, we studied the change in the physical properties of SBA-15 microparticles depending on the duration after subcutaneous injection. The pristine SBA-15 microparticles injected into mice subcutaneously slowly degraded over time and lost ordered structure after 3 days. These findings represent the possible in vivo use of microsized mesoporous silica for drug delivery or vaccine platform after local injection.
Adaptive force reflecting teleoperation with local intelligence (2007)

Purpose This paper aims to make an industrial robot intelligently and remotely cooperate with humans to work in unknown unstructured environments. Design/methodology/approach Presents a bilateral adaptive teleoperation control approach involving a contact force driven compensation with an auto‐switching function, which utilizes a biologically motivated compliance function. Based on sensed contact force, the switching function can adjust its slave control input to decide how much robotic intelligences should intervene in the system by switching modes. Other schemes for robotic intelligence, robotic impedances and compensators, are investigated to guarantee good transparency without warranting human error and maintain a stable contact, based on the force feedback, in constrained motion while a communication delay exists. Findings The simulation and experimental results demonstrate transparency and contact stability in the presence of constant and time‐varying communication delays, respectively. The proposed bilateral adaptive teleoperation control method outperforms three other techniques. Originality/value This paper introduces an adaptive teleoperation control method with local robotic intelligence assistance. The developed method does not modify the existing designs of industrial robots. The contact force and position and force errors are well controlled to obtain a stable contact and transparency, through adaptation of robotic impedances.
Síntesis, caracterización estructural y medidas de conductividad de Bi3NbO7 (1995)

Se ha preparado la fase unica de composicion Bi3 NbO7, mediante reaccion en estado solido, descrita anteriormente en la bibliografia como una disolucion solida relacionada con el oxido d -Bi2O3 estabilizado a temperatura ambiente. Se ha comprobado la composicion exacta de este material mediante analisis quimico y se ha determinado el rango de estabilidad del mismo, al aire. Se han crecido cristales de este oxido y se ha resuelto la estructura cristalina del mismo, comprobandose que pertenece al tipo estructural de la fluorita, con a=5.4788(9)A el factor final de acuerdo fue R=0.027. La estructura presenta un desorden tanto en la subred cationica como anionica. De las medidas de espectroscopia de impedancias complejas se deduce que este material es un buen conductor ionico de O2-; a 875 oC la conductividad medida fue de 0.032 W -1 cm-1, siendo la energia de activacion de 0.83 eV.
Extensible neuromorphic computing simulator based on a programmable hardware (2015)

The CPU based software simulator for neuromorphic computing is faced with problems of high power consumption and speed limitation of interconnection network, especially in large-scale Spiking Neural Network (SNN) simulation. IBM, Stanford, and ARM have demonstrated us their solutions for neuromorphic computing. However, the cost and development cycle make these approaches impractical for general research. In this paper, we provide an extensible and programmable hardware platform which is suitable for large-scale neuromorphic computing and simulation. The design of hardware simulator is based on Altera Stratix V FPGA, and its most significant advantage consists in parallel processing capability. With NIOS II soft core processor and Gigabit Ethernet interface, the simulator is programmable for different applications and is very adaptable for neural network configuration. Two kinds of routing topologies are available for network performance simulation. By inserting statistic modules into the computing core, it's possible to monitor the single core state as well as the network state, which is of great importance in routing strategy establishing. Furthermore, this extensible simulator supports at least 105-neuron-network computing.
Excretion in the Blood-Sucking Bug, <i>Rhodnius Prolixus</i> Stål (1964)

ABSTRACT The diuresis of freshly fed larvae of Rhodnius is controlled by afferent nervous information from the abdomen. This information is supplied by abdominal stretch receptors sensitive to vertical distension of the abdomen. It is most probable that the receptors are in the vertical tergosternal muscles, a trio of which occurs towards each lateral edge in abdominal segments 2−7 inclusive. It is suggested that diuresis in Rhodnius is a reflex response to the distension of the abdomen brought about by the swelling of the anterior part of the mid-gut during feeding.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS, ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF PHENYLAZOXYCYANIDE DERIVATIVES (1977)

Abstract Die Titelverbindungen (II) (Ausbeuten zwischen 10‐84%) wurden meist nach Methode A, im Falle R: p‐NMe 2 nach Methode B und in den Fällen R: ‐H und o‐NO 2 nach beiden Methoden dargestellt.
The Standard Clot (1961)

Summary A method has been developed which allows fibrinolytic materials to be tested under standardized conditions on preformed plasma or fibrin clots. The clot is digested from one unvaried surface only. The progress of the digestion can be read directly as volume of clot digested as often as desired. The method is particularly suitable for serial studies with preformed clots from human plasma.
Wavelet Transform Use for Feature Extraction and EEG Signal Segments Classification (2008)

Segmentation, feature extraction and classification of signal components belong to very common problems in various engineering, economical and biomedical applications. The paper is devoted to the use of discrete wavelet transform (DWT) both for signal preprocessing and signal segments feature extraction as an alternative to the commonly used discrete Fourier transform (DFT). Feature vectors belonging to separate signal segments are then classified by a competitive neural network as one of methods of cluster analysis and processing. The paper provides a comparison of classification results using different methods of feature extraction most appropriate for EEG signal components detection. Problems of multichannel segmentation are mentioned in this connection as well.
Reproductive developmental complexity in the African oil palm (<i>Elaeis guineensis</i>, Arecaceae) (2005)

Species of the palm family (Arecaceae) are remarkably diverse in their inflorescence and floral morphologies, which make them a particularly interesting group for studies of reproductive development and its evolution. Using light and scanning electron microscopy, we describe inflorescence and flower development in the African oil palm Elaeis guineensis from the initiation of the inflorescence meristem to flower maturity. In mature palms, the inflorescence develops over 2-3 years and is characterized by individual stages within which differentiation may be either relatively slow, as in the case of early inflorescence meristem development, or rapid, as in the case of flower organogenesis. The female inflorescence bears floral triads composed of single pistillate flowers flanked by two abortive staminate flowers, whereas the male inflorescence contains single functional staminate flowers. This suggests a possible evolutionary movement from an ancestral hermaphrodite inflorescence form containing fully functional floral triads to the situation of temporal dioecy observed at present. Wild type flowers are compared to those bearing an epigenetic homeotic abnormality, known as mantled, involving an alteration of the identity of the organs in the fertile and sterile androecium.
Hepatitis C Infection in the District of Aveiro (Portugal): An Eleven-Year Surveillance Study (2002–2012) (2016)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of liver disease worldwide and causes substantial morbidity and mortality. The common absence of symptoms associated leads to uncertainty to the geographic distribution of this disease. In the absence of a vaccine and effective treatment, prevention is extremely important, especially for at risk groups. The hepatitis C infection rate was surveyed throughout an eleven-year period by sex and age group in Aveiro District. In this retrospective study, blood samples from patients of Aveiro District, in ambulatory regime, collected at the Clinical Analysis Laboratory Avelab between 2002 and 2012 were screened for the presence of antibodies against HCV antigen using a chemiluminescence immunoassay. Approximately 4% of the patients presented positive anti-HCV antibodies. The HCV infection was age-dependent and varied between sexes (p < 0.05). The number of infected patients decreased during the study period (p < 0.05). The results presented in this study indicated that middle-aged males are more affected than women which may indicate that this group is more prone to risky behaviors. Moreover, the decrease in positive cases during study period may indicate a decrease in exposure to risk factors.
Resonant laser spectroscopy of localized excitons in monolayer WSe_2 (2016)

Coherent quantum control and resonance fluorescence of few-level quantum systems is integral for quantum technologies. Here we perform resonance and near-resonance excitation of three-dimensionally confined excitons in monolayer WSe2 to reveal near-ideal single-photon fluorescence with count rates up to 3 MHz. Using high-resolution photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy of the localized excitons, we uncover a weakly fluorescent exciton state ∼5  meV blue shifted from the ground-state exciton, providing important information to unravel the precise nature of quantum states. Successful demonstration of resonance fluorescence paves the way to probe the localized exciton coherence in two-dimensional semiconductors.
Funeral for a friend (an existential view on hospital closure) (1996)

Views the closure of a hospital in an unusual manner. Questions the role of health workers as “care in the community” comes to the fore. Raises questions about psychiatric hospitals, people with mental health problems and mental health workers.
Multi-ported PCI-to-PCI bridge chip (2002)

Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus is the de-facto standard in all high performance systems requiring high amount of input/output (I/O) data transfer. Peripheral-intensive systems like servers, workstations, network switches and routers need more than four PCI slots. Such systems require one or more PCI-to-PCI bridges. Typically each PCI-to-PCI bridge provides an additional PCI bus. Multi-ported PCI-to-PCI bridges, like Pericom's PI7C7002, provide more than one additional PCI bus in a system resulting in enhanced system performance. Pericom's chip isolates traffic between primary and secondary buses using enhanced queuing techniques.
Luminescence mechanisms of oxygen-related defects in AlN (2002)

Spectral characteristics of native oxygen-related defects existing in the crystalline lattice of AlN were studied. Features of photoluminescence observed under exposure to ultraviolet light together with those of the photostimulated luminescence testify the recombination character of luminescence. The mechanism of luminescence of oxygen-related defects is proposed. Keywords: PhotoluminescencePhotostimulated LuminescenceAluminum Nitride
LXXXV.—Derivatives of methylfurfural (1901)

H. J. H. Fenton and M. Gostling, J. Chem. Soc., Trans., 1901, 79, 807 DOI: 10.1039/CT9017900807
Chemical studies on the constitution of some pollen and spore membranes (1966)

The membranes of Lycopodium clavatum spores and Pinus silvestris pollen grains are similar, and have been found to consist approximately of cellulose (10—15%), an ill-defined “xylan” fraction (10%), a lipid fraction (55—65%) which on oxidative degradation gives a mixture of non-branched mono- and di-carboxylic acids with 16 carbon atoms or less, and a lignin-like fraction estimated to be 10—15%. The significance of these results is discussed.
High efficiency shear exfoliation for producing high-quality, few-layered MoS<sub>2</sub>nanosheets in a green ethanol/water system (2016)

This work presented a feasible strategy to generate molybdenum disulfide (MoS<sub>2</sub>) nanosheets by a direct liquid shear exfoliation technique in a green mixed solvent system of ethanol/water.
Molecular tectonics: control of interpenetration in cuboid 3-D coordination networks (2010)

By imposing a two-fold interpenetration through the use of ZnSiF6 forming a linear pillar, combinations of rigid tectons bearing two divergently oriented pyridyl units interconnected either by a naphthyl or a biphenyl spacer with ZnSiF6 lead to stable porous crystalline materials.
Identification, chromosomal mapping and tissue-specific expression of hREV3 encoding a putative human DNA polymerase zeta (1998)

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae REV3 gene encodes the catalytic subunit of a non-essential DNA polymerase zeta, which is required for mutagenesis. The rev3 mutants significantly reduce both spontaneous and DNA damage-induced mutation rates. We have identified human cDNA clones from two different libraries whose deduced amino acid sequences bear remarkable homology to the yeast Rev3, and named this gene hREV3. The hREV3 gene was mapped to chromosome 1p32-33 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. The hREV3 encodes an mRNA of >10 kb, and its expression varies in different tissues and appears to be elevated in some but not all of the tumor cell lines we have examined. In light of recent reports of a putative mouse REV3, these results indicate that mammalian cells may also contain a mutagenic pathway which aids in cell survival at the cost of increased mutation.
Role of p53 tumor suppressor in ageing: regulation of transient cell cycle arrest and terminal senescence. (2005)

In this study we investigated the function of p53 as a regulator of cell cycle progression in cycling and senescent cells. Using the conditional temperature-sensitive (ts) mutant we could prevent the detrimental effect of constitutive expression of high levels of wt p53 protein. High levels of wt p53 inhibited cell proliferation by blocking the cells to progress from G1 to S phase of the cell cycle. Flow cytometric analysis revelaed a maintenance of G1 cell population for a longer time depending on the prolonged expression of wt p53 protein. The p53 mediated inhibition of cell proliferation and of the cycle was reversible. However, a spontaneous increase of wt p53 occurring in ageing normal human MRC-5 fibroblasts was associated with irreversible reduction of proliferative potential. The accumulation of G1 cells was detected by flow cytometry. By the measurement of DNA content it is not possible to discriminate between cells arrested in G1 and G0 phase, therefore, the expression of G1 markers was determined. Analysis of the expression of distinct cell cycle regulators revealed that quiescent MRC-5 cells were in G0 phase. Our results indicate that cell cycle arrest occurring in senescent cells is associated with the G0 transition.
A MAGNETO-INDUCTIVE LINK BUDGET FOR WIRELESS POWER TRANSFER AND INDUCTIVE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS (2013)

This paper presents a propagation model and inductive link budget based on link equations for chains of inductive loops as the basis for determining the link budget of inductive communication and wireless power transfer systems. The link between the transmitter and receiver is modeled in similar format as in radio frequency systems. The transmitter antenna gain, path loss model and receiver antenna gain are also modeled for the inductive case. This allows the magnetic path loss to be estimated accurately. Also the induced receiver current due to a transmitter voltage can be computed apriori enabling e-cient design of inductive links and transceivers.
Composition and major odorous compounds of the essential oil of <i>Bifora radians</i>, an aldehyde‐producing weed (1991)

Abstract The composition of the essential oil of Bifora radians , an aldehyde‐producing weed, has been investigated by capillary gas chromatography, coupled gas chromatography – mass spectrometry, on‐line catalytic hydrogenation and coupled gas chromatography – infrared spectrometry. The nineteen compounds identified included eighteen aldehydes: seven alkanals (C6, C9, C10, C11, C12, C13, and C14), ten alkenals, including five ( E )‐2‐alkenals (C12, C13, C14, C15, and C16), and one ( E , E )‐2,4‐alkadienal (C13). Typical Bifora odors were attributed to three major ( E )‐2‐alkenals, C12, C13, and C14.