gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CVAK104 Is a Novel Poly-l-lysine-stimulated Kinase That Targets the β2-Subunit of AP2 (2005)

Isolated clathrin adaptor protein (AP) preparations are known to co-fractionate with endogenous kinase activities, including poly-L-lysine-stimulated kinases that target various constituents of the clathrin coat. We have identified CVAK104 (a coated vesicle-associated kinase of 104 kDa) using a mass spectroscopic analysis of adaptor protein preparations. CVAK104 is a novel serine/threonine kinase that belongs to the SCY1-like family of protein kinases, previously thought to be catalytically inactive. We found that CVAK104 co-fractionates with adaptor protein preparations extracted from clathrin-coated vesicles and directly binds to both clathrin and the plasma membrane adaptor, AP2. CVAK104 binds ATP, and kinase assays indicate that it functions in vitro as a poly-L-lysine-stimulated kinase that is capable of autophosphorylation and phosphorylating the beta2-adaptin subunit of AP2.
Low-loss reflection-star couplers for optical-fiber distribution systems (1979)

Low-loss reflection-star couplers using fused biconically tapered fiber loops are described. The fabrication technique is simple and also allows the construction of hybrid reflection-transmission-star couplers.
THE STORY OF SURVEYING AS TOLD BY PHILATELY (1981)

The development of surveying has been influenced by many famous people over more than 2000 years and many of them have been commemorated in stamp designs. In addition various instruments, techniques, organizations and events have similarly been recorded. It is the aim of this paper to tell a little of the story behind just a few of these stamps as selected from the author's collection.
Mechanistic studies of amsacrine-resistant derivatives of DNA topoisomerase II. Implications in resistance to multiple antitumor drugs targeting the enzyme. (1994)

Wild-type yeast DNA topoisomerase II and three of its amsacrine-resistant derivatives L475A/L480P, L475A/R476G, and A642G, named according to amino acid changes at the codons specified, were overexpressed and purified. Because cells expressing several mutant enzymes missing portions of the carboxyl-terminal domain of the wild-type enzyme were previously found to exhibit amsacrine resistance, a carboxyl-terminal truncation protein Top2(1-1166), which lacks the last 263 amino acids of the wild-type enzyme, was also overexpressed and purified. These purified enzymes were used in the measurement of the turnover numbers of the DNA-dependent hydrolysis of ATP, the transport of one DNA segment through another, and the effects of amsacrine, teniposide or Ca(II) on the formation of the enzyme-DNA covalent intermediate. The results of these studies indicate that mutations leading to cellular resistance to amsacrine may occur by several different mechanisms, including reduction of the nuclear concentration and attenuation of the intrinsic catalytic steps of the enzyme. The significance of this underpinning mechanistic diversity of drug resistance and its relation to the simultaneous development of cellular resistance to chemically distinct drugs that target DNA topoisomerase II are discussed.
The Use of Dried Blood Spot Samples in Screening Drugs of Abuse (2013)

The present article will provide an overview of use of dried blood sampling method for analysis of drug of abuse. Relatively short half life and instability in blood, calls for alternative sampling method for determination of drugs of abuse. Dried blood spot (DBS) method has many advantages over the conventional sampling methods. The available method for DBS sample collection, storage and transport are described here. The techniques involved in and the factors that may influence the accuracy and reproducibility of the DBS methods for determination of drugs of abuse are presented. The DBS sampling has the potential to be a useful technique to detect drugs of abuse. The use of DBS for any drug should be judged against the potential error involved with the method.
Storage limit of two-photon-based three-dimensional memories with parallel access (1991)

For systems that use parallel access by simultaneous writing or reading of bits located in an entire common plane, diffraction sets a limit to the storage density that is far smaller than that for sequential operation. Comparable densities can be achieved by using a three-dimensional waveguiding structure.
Structure of the major neutral oligosaccharide-alditols released from the egg jelly coats of<i>Axolotl maculatum</i>. Characterization of the carbohydrate sequence GalNAc(ηl-4)[Fuc(αl-3)] GlcNAc(ηl-3 6) (1994)

Several O-linked oligosaccharides of the jelly coat surrounding the eggs of Axolotl maculatum were analysed by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The four major oligosaccharidealditols released by reductive beta-elimination display either the Lewisx (Lex) determinant or the sequence GalNAc(beta 1-4)[Fuc(alpha 1-3)]GlcNAc. This last structure has previously been characterized in allergenically active oligosaccharides isolated from the sea squirt H-antigen, and in the N-linked glycans of Schistosoma mansoni and human urokinase. It represents the major carbohydrate chain found in A. maculatum, the oviduct of which constitutes an excellent source of beta 1-4-acetylgalactosaminyl transferase activity. Moreover, the carbohydrate chains isolated from A. maculatum are quite different from those found in seven other amphibian species, in which the presence of species-specific material has been characterized. The role of carbohydrates appears more and more apparent during the fertilization process, and the diversity of the O-linked oligosaccharides supports such a biological role.
Purification and Characterization of an Extracellular Acid Proteinase from the Ectomycorrhizal Fungus <i>Hebeloma crustuliniforme</i> (1990)

Hebeloma crustuliniforme produced an extracellular acid proteinase in a liquid medium containing bovine serum albumin as the sole nitrogen source. The proteinase was purified 26-fold with 20% activity recovery and was shown to have a molecular weight of 37,800 (as indicated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) and an isoelectric point of 4.8 +/- 0.2. The enzyme was most active at 50 degrees C and pH 2.5 against bovine serum albumin and was stable in the absence of substrates at temperatures up to 45 degrees C and pHs between 2.0 and 5.0. Pepstatin A, diazoacetyl-dl-norleucine methylester, metallic ions Fe and Fe, and phenolic acids severely inhibited the enzyme activity, while antipain, leupeptin, N-alpha-p-tosyl-l-lysine chloromethyl ketone, and trypsin inhibitor inhibited the activity moderately. The proteinase hydrolyzed bovine serum albumin and cytochrome c rapidly compared with casein and azocasein but failed to hydrolyze any of the low-molecular-weight peptide derivatives tested.
The effect of an external mechanical compression on in vivo optical properties of human skin (2014)

We have studied the influence of an external mechanical compression on diffuse reflection spectra of skin tissue under in vivo conditions. An analysis of these spectra based on the diffusion approximation of the radiation transfer theory has allowed us to find that the application of the external compression weakens absorbing and scattering properties of skin tissue. After the removal of the compression, the recovery time of the skin tissue (on the order of 1 h) considerably exceeds the stabilization time of its parameters after application of external mechanical compression (several minutes). In this case, at the initial moment of time after the removal of the compression, the fullness of blood vessels and the degree of oxygenation of blood hemoglobin in the skin tissue increase considerably compared to normal skin.
Is It Time to Accredit Interpreting Agencies?: Perspectives of BSL-English Interpreters (2019)

Interpreting agencies have been identified as playing a crucial role in the professionalization process of community interpreting (Ozolins, 2007; Dong & Turner, 2016; Dong & Napier, 2016), but little research on agency influence has been undertaken. Ozolins (2007) claims that actual agency practices may be difficult to research due to agencies guarding proprietary information or avoiding judgment. Hence this study sought insight into the perceptions of British Sign Language (BSL)-English interpreters on the role of agencies in influencing market and professional standards and market disorder (Witter-Merithew & Johnson, 2004) in the U.K. interpreting industry. The study also explored opinions on the need for a Code of Industry Practice for agencies and agency accreditation (Ozolins, 2007; Feyne, 2012). Although U.K. centric, the findings may apply to other national contexts. Results indicate a mistrust of interpreting agencies, and survey respondents were strongly in favor of a Code of Industry Practice and agency accreditation. Results also indicated a perception amongst survey participants that agencies play a pivotal role in influencing market and professional standards including quality of services, job allocation, interpreter pay and working terms and conditions. Recommendations are offered for implementing a Code of Industry Practice and an instrument for agency accreditation.
Effect of CuCl Particle Size on the Reduction Reaction by Silicon in Preparation of Contact Mass Used for Methylchlorosilane Synthesis (2005)

Effect of CuCl particle size on the reduction reaction by silicon has been investigated with a purpose of studying the formation of Si−Cu alloy, which can catalyze the direct synthesis of methylchlorosilanes. It has been found that the reaction rate is proportional to the contact area between CuCl and Si, indicating that the reaction is controlled by solid diffusion. After the reduction reaction, the detectable copper-containing species in X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra are less for the finer CuCl particles. This result proves that the Si−Cu active species is highly dispersed. The CuCl catalyst prepared by introduction of different dispersants in the traditional process has been studied experimentally and by means of XRD analysis. Furthermore, it has also been evaluated for the final direct synthesis reaction. The experimental results sketched an affinitive correlativity of the reaction effect of the direct process with the reduction reaction.
Photophysical and photochemical studies of zinc(<scp>ii</scp>) phthalocyanine derivatives—effects of substituents and solvents (2004)

The effects of substituents and solvents on the photophysical and photochemical parameters of zinc(II) phthalocyanines are reported. The complexes studied are zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc), zinc tetra(tert-butylphenoxy)phthalocyanine [ZnPc(TBPh)4], zinc octa(methylphenoxy)phthalocyanine [ZnPc(MPh)8], zinc tetranitrophthalocyanine [ZnPc(NO2)4], zinc octachlorophthalocyanine (ZnPcCl8), zinc tetrasulfophthalocyanine [ZnPc(SO3−)4], a mixture of zinc mono-, di-, tri- and tetrasulfophthalocyanine [ZnPc(SO3−)mix] and zinc naphthalocyanine (ZnNPc). It was found that the presence of peripheral substituents on the macrocycle enhances the yield of the triplet state. Among the different substituents, the sulfonated derivative, ZnPc(SO3−)mix, has the longest triplet lifetime (τT) and the highest singlet oxygen quantum yield (ϕΔ). The near infra-red absorptions of the solvents reveal that solvents that absorb around 1100 nm (triplet energy level) and around 1270 nm (singlet oxygen energy level), quench the triplet state of the ZnPc derivative as well as singlet oxygen. Although water has a high singlet oxygen quenching effect, the ϕΔ value for ZnPc(SO3−)mix in water is still reasonably high at 0.48, which may provide an explanation for the efficient photosensitization by this molecule in photodynamic studies.
Oromotor dysfunction and communication impairments in children with cerebral palsy: a register study (2010)

these impairments are common in children with CP and are associated with poorer gross motor function and intellectual impairment.
Comparative document summarization via discriminative sentence selection (2012)

Given a collection of document groups, a natural question is to identify the differences among them. Although traditional document summarization techniques can summarize the content of the document groups one by one, there exists a great necessity to generate a summary of the differences among the document groups. In this article, we study a novel problem, that of summarizing the differences between document groups. A discriminative sentence selection method is proposed to extract the most discriminative sentences which represent the specific characteristics of each document group. Experiments and case studies on real-world data sets demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method.
Increased glutamate in CSF and plasma of patients with HIV dementia (2001)

Increased CSF glutamate may originate within the CNS and may play a pathogenetic role in HIV dementia, thus supporting the treatment of these patients with glutamate receptor antagonists.
A 2-GHz GaAs HBT RF Pulsewidth Modulator (2008)

RF pulsewidth modulation (PWM) has been proposed as an efficiency improving technique for power amplifiers (PAs) handling varying envelope signals. The core idea is to modulate the varying envelope into a square-wave signal such that the width of each pulse is varied according to the envelope, and any phase information is contained in the timing of the pulses. The square wave signal can give a theoretical efficiency of 100% for the subsequent PA. Such a system differs significantly from a conventional up-conversion and PA and, therefore, a significant design challenge results. The first important step is to generate the PWM signal. This paper demonstrates a functional modulator for Universal Mobile Telecommunications System operating at 2 GHz. The modulator is designed in a GaAs HBT process and uses low-frequency feedback combined with predistortion to obtain a high spectral purity. Measurements show a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System PWM signal with more than 10-dB margin to the modulation mask and an error vector magnitude of less than 1.5% rms (requirement: 17.5%).
A new spatio-temporal prediction approach based on aggregate queries (2013)

The prediction of spatio–temporal data streams which is based on aggregate queries has been an important research direction in the research field of databases. More and more methods have been proposed to obtain approximate aggregate results. However, they will consume a lot of time and storage space. This paper proposes Dynamic Sketch (DS) index by using modified method of Adaptive Multi–dimensional Histogram (AMH*) to intelligently partition static sketch which can improve the approximate quality of aggregate queries in road networks. Then, based on DS index, this paper proposes a new prediction approach over data streams in road networks using Self–Adaptive Exponential Smoothing (SAES).
Antimicrobial Properties of Boron Derivatives (2007)

This chapter reviews new and previously published data related to in vitro antimicrobial properties of boron derivatives, with an emphasis on susceptibility studies against bacteria, yeast, and filamentous fungi. Fundamental borate chemistry is discussed with respect to properties in biological systems. New facts providing insight into biostatic and biocidal mechanisms of action of boron compounds are presented along with critical factors that influence their antimicrobial performance.
Inkjet printing ultra-large graphene oxide flakes (2017)

Graphene oxide 2D materials inks with mean flake diameter 36 µm can be inkjet printed, with no significant blockage of the printer or apparent damage to the flakes, despite the mean flake size being >50% of the printer nozzle diameter and the ink containing individual flakes considerably larger than the nozzle. Printed flakes show a similar level of wrinkle and fold defects as observed in flakes deposited by drop casting. Polarised light imaging of the ink in the printhead prior to printing shows alignment of the flakes in the shear flow and this is believed to allow passage without agglomeration or blocking of the nozzle. The bulk electrical conductivity of these ultra-large flake printed films is 2.48 × 104 Sm−1 after reduction, which is comparable to that reported with printed pristine graphene. The conductivity of the printed films increases slightly with increasing flake size indicating that there is no increase in damage to electrical properties as the flakes approach and exceed the nozzle diameter.
A low-power dual-mode video decoder for mobile applications (2006)

The objective of this article is to highlight design challenges for low-power and dual-video standard requirements, especially in mobile applications. Due to the advent of the newly announced H.264, a generic problem of standard incompatibility has appeared between H.264 and prevalent MPEG-x video standards, which must be resolved on both algorithmic and architectural levels. Furthermore, several low-power techniques targeted at achieving lower memory requirements and processing cycles are also described and discussed.
A loop partition technique for reducing cache bank conflict in multithreaded architecture (1996)

Parallel multithreaded architectures take advantage of the ability to execute more than one thread simultaneously on a single chip at low synchronisation and communication costs and high hardware resource utilisation. However, a high bandwidth cache, such as a multibank cache, is especially critical to serve memory accesses issued at the same time from different threads. To prevent bank conflicts of multibank cache from seriously degrading system performance, a loop partition method is proposed to reduce or even eliminate bank conflicts. The partition allows each thread access to certain bank modules and prevents any two from accessing the same bank module. The method neither slows down the clock rate nor increases the array subscript expression complexity. The performance gains of the bank-conflict-free loop partition approach are shown in simulation results.
Estimating Moments of the Effective Lead Time for a Stock Control Model with Independent Normal Lead Times (1993)

In multiple sourcing, replenishment orders for one stock item may be placed at the same time with several suppliers. In order to determine the re-order level and the size of the buffer stock, we then need to estimate the mean and variance of the effective lead time, i.e. the smallest of the lead times. Previous work on this topic has assumed that the mean and variance are either known or may be estimated from large samples, but the number of observations typically available is small. This paper presents a Bayesian approach to the problem when the lead times are independent and normally distributed, although it is shown that the method may be used in more general circumstances. The computational procedures are described and illustrated with an example.
The Convert (1994)

Hopkins's poems and Journal of 1866 show him coming closer and closer to joining the Catholic Church. His conversion was a gradual process, not an impulse, based on his increasing theological and emotional dissatisfaction with his life in one Church and need to find spiritual fulfilment in another.KeywordsSeptember 1866Literary LifeJesuit PriesthoodSpiritual FulfilmentPrivate JudgementThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Introduction (2018)

The US Navy Department conducted extensive studies of marine mammals at naval centers in Point Mugu and San Diego and Kaneohe and Oahu. Some of these studies, as well as observations of many other investigators, were reported in the book Mammals of the Sea. For the veterinary scientist or pathologist that has been trained in the investigation of terrestrial mammal diseases, it is an exciting challenge to study the diseases of these interesting aquatic mammals. It is interesting to discover the unusual anatomic variants that some of these animals have, and some differences in the way they respond to certain diseases, when compared to "domestic mammals". However, one should always keep in mind that the diseases and the lesions are no different than those one has been trained to study in the more conventional animal species, and one must simply apply the education and training received in order to recognize and study these marine mammal diseases.
Interpolation Guided Compositional Verification (T) (2015)

Model checking suffers from the state space explosion problem. Compositional verification techniques such as assume-guarantee reasoning (AGR) have been proposed to alleviate the problem. However, there are at least three challenges in applying AGR. Firstly, given a system M1 ? M2, how do we automatically construct and refine (in the presence of spurious counterexamples) an assumption A2, which must be an abstraction of M2? Previous approaches suggest to incrementally learn and modify the assumption through multiple invocations of a model checker, which could be often time consuming. Secondly, how do we keep the state space small when checking M1 ? A2 = f if multiple refinements of A2 are necessary? Lastly, in the presence of multiple parallel components, how do we partition the components? In this work, we propose interpolation-guided compositional verification. The idea is to tackle three challenges by using interpolations to generate and refine the abstraction of M2, to abstract M1 at the same time (so that the state space is reduced even if A2 is refined all the way to M2), and to find good partitions. Experimental results show that the proposed approach outperforms existing approaches consistently.
Reliable D-Cinema Multicasting over Heterogeneous Networks (2007)

This paper presents a packetization strategy for the reliable electronic distribution of Digital Cinema (DCinema, DC) content. In this paper, new experimental results and design improvements are introduced, with respect to those presented in [1]. A reliable multicast protocol was used to send high definition DC video contents to multiple receivers, allowing them to correctly acquire the entire stream. NORM (NACK Oriented Reliable Multicast) was chosen as multicast protocol, because of the guarantees offered on the reliable transmission of data. The target result is to send reliably DC contents, by exploiting a number of multicast-enabled heterogeneous networks, such as fiber, satellite, WiMAX, etc. The results show that a reasonable transfer speed may be achieved even in presence of low transmission bandwidth and moderate packet loss rate.
Risk of fatal and nonfatal lactic acidosis with metformin use in type 2 diabetes mellitus (2010)

There is no evidence from prospective comparative trials or from observational cohort studies that metformin is associated with an increased risk of lactic acidosis, or with increased levels of lactate, compared to other anti-hyperglycemic treatments.