gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel Method of Lactic Acid Production by Electrodialysis Fermentation (1986)

In lactic acid fermentation by Lactobacillus delbrueckii, the produced lactic acid affected the lactic acid productivity. Therefore, for the purpose of alleviating this inhibitory effect, an electrodialysis fermentation method which can continuously remove produced lactic acid from the fermentation broth was applied to this fermentation process. As a result, the continuation of fermentation activity was obtained, and the productivity was three times higher than in non-pH-controlled fermentation. In electrodialysis fermentation, the amount of produced lactic acid was 82.2 g/liter, which was about 5.5 times greater than that produced in non-pH-controlled fermentation. It was concluded that these good results were obtained on account of alleviating the lactic acid inhibitory effect by electrodialysis fermentation. However, the fouling of anion-exchange membranes by cells was observed in electrodialysis fermentation.
Structural alterations of enkephalins in the presence of GM1 ganglioside micelles (2003)

The enkephalins are endogenous neurotransmitters and bind with high affinity at the delta-receptor. Gangliosides, the major glycans of nerve cells, known to interact both with receptors and ligands on the cell surface, have been implicated to modulate the actions of opioid receptors by allosteric regulation (Wu, G.; Lu, Z. H.; Wei, T. J.; Howells, R. D.; Christoffers, K.; Leeden R. W. Ann NY Acad Sci 1998, 845, 126-138). We have studied the interactions between enkephalins and monosialylated ganglioside GM1 using NMR spectroscopy and fluorescence. The structural models of enkephalins in the presence of GM1 micelles were generated using two-dimensional (1)H-ROESY experiments along with restrained molecular dynamics simulations. We report a conformational alteration of enkephalins in the presence of GM1 micelles.
Image Mosaicing and Super-Resolution (Cphc/Bcs Distinguished Dissertations.) (2004)

A 69-year-old man with occupational exposure to asbestos was referred to our hospital with right diffuse malignant pleural mesothelioma. He underwent extrapleural pneumonectomy with reconstruction of the pericardium and diaphragm using elongated polytetrafluoroethylene patches, followed by postoperative chemotherapy and chest wall irradiation. One year later, he was hospitalized because of a right empyema caused by Escherichia coli infection. As chest drainage and systemic antibiotics did not eliminate the abscess around the artificial patches, a Clagett window was created. To avoid mediastinal and liver overshift into the right thoracic cavity, we only performed partial resection of the diaphragm patch and incision of the artificial pericardium. After 19 days of irrigation and dressing change, the artificial patches were completely removed. Two months later, the patient provided a culture-negative sample and had an improved nutritional status; we therefore performed closure of the Clagett window with thoracoplasty. He did not experience recurrence of empyema.
Central Nervous System Disease Associated with Langerhansʼ Cell Histiocytosis (1993)

Based on clinical, pathological, and MRI findings in our four patients and on information in the literature, we conclude that the CNS disease associated with LCH, although insufficiently understood, is likely to be a manifestation of histiocytosis in the brain, and we propose guidelines for the management of patients with this disorder.
Radiation Environment in Space (1960)

Information is summarized on the various types of radiation that were found in space using satellites and space probes. The physical natures of the radiations are discussed. together with the mechanisms by which the radiation interacts with matter. Dosage levels are defined. The salient factors in the choice of shielding are discussed. An assessment is made of the importance of radiations in space to space missions. (B.O.G.)
Piezoelectric quartz crystal sensors applied for bioanalytical assays and characterization of affinity interactions (2003)

Esta reviso apresenta cristais piezoeletricos de quartzo como transductores aplicveis no desenvolvimento de diferentes tipos de ensaios bioanaliticos. Os componentes do sistema de medidas para sensores tipo piezo so descritos juntamente com os sistemas de equipamentos comerciais existentes. Os biosensores piezo eltricos podem ser aplicados para determinao de vrus, bacteriais e outras clulas, protenas, cidos nuclicos e pequenas molculas encontradas em remdios, hormnios e pesticidas. Alm de mudana de massa, alguns ensaios de aglutinao empregando efeitos de viscosidade so discutidos. Finalmente, o monitoramento da afinidade das interaes direto semmarcao e em tempo real usando sensores piezo apresentado. Os pressupostos tericos para a determinao apropriada das constantes de velocidade e de equilbrio so apresentados e uma aproximao demonstrada para a interao anticorpo com o correspondente antgeno (protena secalin). Vrios exemplos de estudo de afinidade so mostrados, incluindo a interao de protenas (anticorpos e antgenos), de cidos nuclicos (hibridizao, intercalao de complexos metlicos), lipdeos e camadas com base de sacardeos. This review presents piezoelectric quartz crystals as transducers suitable for development of different types of bioanalytical assays. The components of measuring systems for piezosensors are described together with providers of commercial equipment. The piezoelectric biosensors are summarized for determination of viruses, bacterial and other cells, proteins, nucleic acids and small molecules as drugs, hormones and pesticides. In addition to mass changes, some agglutination assays employing viscosity effects are addressed. Finally, the direct label-free and real-time monitoring of affinity interactions using piezosensors is presented. The theoretical background for determination of appropriate kinetic rate and equilibrium constants is shown and the approach is demonstrated on the interaction of antibody with the corresponding antigen (protein secalin). Several examples of affinity studies are provided, including interactions of proteins (antibody and antigens, receptors and ligands), nucleic acids (hybridization, intercalation of metal complexes), lipids and saccharide-based layers.
Review (1988)

NEW IDEAS IN ENVIRON‐MENTAL EDUCATION edited by Sálvano Briceño and David C. Pitt. Croom Helm 1988, 219 pp. 0–7099–5042‐X, £25.00. THE SHAPING OF AMERICA: A GEOGRAPHICAL PER‐SPECTIVE ON 500 YEARS OF HISTORY. Volume I: ATLANTIC AMERICA, 1492–1800 by D. W. Meinig. Yale University Press, New Haven and London, 1986, 500 pp, 0–300–03548–9, £35.00. LANDSCAPE DETAILING (2nd Edition), Michael Littlewood, Architectural Press 1987, 219 pp, £19.95. VORSICHT NATUR: KÜNSTLER SEHEN UNSERE UMWELT, Marianne Oester‐reicher‐Mollwo, Herder (Frieburg) . (Bund für Umwelt and Naturschultz Deutschland e.V.), 1986, ISBN 3–451–20499–1. THIS LAND IS OUR LAND: THE STRUGGLE FOR BRITAIN'S COUNTRYSIDE, Marion Shoard, Paladin Grafton Books, 1987, £5.95, paperback, ISBN 0–586–08473–8. TOWN AND COUNTRY PLANING IN BRITAIN, J. B. Cullingworth, London: Unwin Hyman, 10th edition 1988, 408 pp, 0–04–445118–0, £10.95 paperback. LANDSCAPE AND WRITTEN EXPRESSION IN REV‐OLUTIONARY AMERICA, Robert Lawson‐Peebles, C.U.P., 1988, 384 pp, ISBN 0–521–34647–9, £35.00
<i>Three Microbial Strategies for Plant Cell Wall Degradation</i> (2008)

Cellulolytic bacteria and fungi have been shown to use two different approaches to degrade cellulose. Most aerobic microbes secrete sets of individual cellulases, many of which contain a carbohydrate binding molecule (CBM), which act synergistically on native cellulose. Most anaerobic microorganisms produce large multienzyme complexes called cellulosomes, which are usually attached to the outer surface of the microorganism. Most of the cellulosomal enzymes lack a CBM, but the cohesin subunit, to which they are bound, does contain a CBM. The cellulases present in each class show considerable overlap in their catalytic domains, and processive cellulases (exocellulases and processive endocellulases) are the most abundant components of both the sets of free enzymes and of the cellulosomal cellulases. Analysis of the genomic sequences of two cellulolytic bacteria, Cytophaga hutchinsonii, an aerobe, and Fibrobacter succinogenes, an anaerobe, suggest that these organisms must use a third mechanism. This is because neither of these organisms, encodes processive cellulases and most of their many endocellulase genes do not encode CBMs. Furthermore, neither organism appears to encode the dockerin and cohesin domains that are key components of cellulosomes.
A machine-learning approach to combined evidence validation of genome assemblies (2008)

We develop a machine-learning method to detect assembly errors in sequence assemblies. Several in silico measures for assembly validation have been proposed by various researchers. Using three benchmarking Drosophila draft genomes, we evaluate these techniques along with some new measures that we propose, including the good-minus-bad coverage (GMB), the good-to-bad-ratio (RGB), the average Z-score (AZ) and the average absolute Z-score (ASZ). Our results show that the GMB measure performs better than the others in both its sensitivity and its specificity for assembly error detection. Nevertheless, no single method performs sufficiently well to reliably detect genomic regions requiring attention for further experimental verification. To utilize the advantages of all these measures, we develop a novel machine learning approach that combines these individual measures to achieve a higher prediction accuracy (i.e. greater than 90%). Our combined evidence approach avoids the difficult and often ad hoc selection of many parameters the individual measures require, and significantly improves the overall precisions on the benchmarking data sets.
La convergència tecnològica: un estat de la qüestió (2009)

La indústria audiovisual és un dels grans actius del país. La\nconvergència de xarxes i terminals i la ubiqüitat en l'accés\nens porta a un ús intensiu de l'audiovisual dins de les comunicacions electròniques, tant en els formats tradicionals com\nen els nous. En aquest sentit, les xarxes de nova generació\npermetran la generalització dels accessos de gran capacitat,\nla qual cosa ens durà a nous usos i noves maneres de fer.\nPer fer realitat aquest nou escenari i mantenir i arrelar el\nsector audiovisual de què disposem, cal que el nostre país li\npfereixi un entorn prou atractiu on experimentar i fer realitat\naquests nous usos, i poder-los exportar després arreu. Cal disposar de les noves xarxes per generar mercats on experimentar amb aquests nous entorns, modes de consum, possibilitats\ni eines. Per permetre a la indústria local concebre, experimentar i validar models. Les administracions poden ajudar\nfent realitat els projectes que ajudin a consolidar el sector.
Camera Calibration of Thermal-Infrared Stereo Vision System (2013)

Accurate and efficient thermal-infrared camera calibration is important for advancing computer vision research within the thermal modality. This paper proposes a specially designed calibration pattern for stereo vision systems. Small circular thermostatic heaters are used as sources of thermal radiations so that the pattern can present obvious thermal contrast. The circular features can be easily and accurately extracted. Additionally, the paper proposes a calibration algorithm to exploit the centers of circles as feature points with high precision. Experiments were carried out in outdoor environment of large field of view. From the experiments we have obtained the mean re-projection error of calibration in 0.786 pixels at a distance of 10 meters. The proposed method is simple and efficient.
Rapid Correction of Hyponatremia Causes Demyelination: Relation to Central Pontine Myelinolysis (1981)

The human demyelinative disorder central pontine myelinolysis may be an iatrogenic disease caused by a rapid rise in serum sodium, usually when hyponatremia is corrected. Rats treated with hypertonic saline after 3 days of vasopressin-induced hyponatremia had demyelinative lesions in the corpus striatum, lateral hemispheric white matter, cerebral cortex, hippocampal fimbria, anterior commissure, thalamus, brainstem tegmentum, and cerebellum. Thus, rapid correction of hyponatremia can lead to demyelinative lesions and may be the cause of central pontine myelinolysis in man.
Age Estimation of Face Images Based on CNN and Divide-and-Rule Strategy (2018)

In recent years, the research on age estimation based on face images has drawn more and more attention, which includes two processes: feature extraction and estimation function learning. In the aspect of face feature extraction, this paper leverages excellent characteristics of convolution neural network in the field of image application, by using deep learning method to extract face features, and adopts factor analysis model to extract robust features. In terms of age estimation function learning, age-based and sequential study of rank-based age estimation learning methods is utilized and then a divide-and-rule face age estimator is proposed. Experiments in FG-NET, MORPH Album 2, and IMDB-WIKI show that the feature extraction method is more robust than traditional age feature extraction method and the performance of divide-and-rule estimator is superior to classical SVM and SVR.
Studies on fungicides for control of<i>Corynespora cassiicola l</i>eafspot of tomatoes in the Republic of Seychelles (1986)

Abstract Bravo 500EC and Difolatan 80W, either alone or in combination with copper oxychloride, provided the best control of Corynespora leafspot of tomatoes in field plot trials with eight fungicides or combinations. Although not providing as effective a control, the use of Dithane 2–78 was the most cost effective based on yield per 100 m2 or per kg of fruit in the first test. Disease intensity was significantly lower in plots sprayed with Bravo and Difolatan on a 3‐day schedule than on a 7‐day schedule through the first harvest in a second trial. Differences in disease intensity between treatments and the control were not significantly different at final harvest, which may indicate the importance of early season control. Yields from Bravo‐sprayed plots were significantly greater than yields from Difolatan‐sprayed plots, and yields from plots sprayed with either Bravo or Difolatan on 3‐ or 7‐day schedules were significantly greater than yields from unsprayed controls in this experiment. In a third experiment, disease Intensity was significantly lower in plots sprayed with Bravo or Difolatan, or with these fungicides applied in combination with copper oxychloride, than in the unsprayed control plots. The combinations with copper oxychloride were more effective than Bravo or Difolatan alone.
A 20-kW, 10-kHz, Single-Phase Multilevel Active-Front-End Converter with Reactive Power Control (2006)

A 20-kW single-phase multilevel active-front-end converter has been developed as a high-performance alternative to traditional line-frequency rectifiers. The newly introduced generalized average-current-mode-control (GACMC) scheme utilizes the leading-phase admittance cancellation method (LPAC) to allow a low 10-kHz switching frequency, which reduces switching losses and increases converter efficiency, without the line current phase shift inherent to the traditional average-current-mode control when a low switching frequency is used. The GACMC features reactive power source capability, which allows the converter to be used as a static reactive power compensator in the power system independently of its function as an ac-dc converter. The medium-voltage (2.4 kV) or distribution-system-voltage (13.8 kV) level converter can be implemented with high-voltage IGBTs or high-voltage silicon carbide devices
Air-Stable PbSe Nanocrystals Passivated by Phosphonic Acids (2015)

We developed a new chemical strategy to enhance the stability of lead selenide nanocrystals (PbSe NCs) against oxidation through the surface passivation by P-O- moieties. In the synthesis of PbSe NCs, tris(diethylamino)phosphine (TDP) selenide (Se) was used as a Se precursor, and the resulting PbSe NCs withstood long-term air exposure while showing nearly no sign of oxidation. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy reveals that TDP derivatives passivate the surface of PbSe NC. Through a series of ligand cleavage reactions, we found that the TDP derivatives are bound on NC surface through the P-O- moiety. Based on such understanding, it turned out that direct addition of various PAs during the synthesis of PbSe NCs also results in the NCs whose absorption spectrum remains nearly intact after air exposure for weeks. The P-O- moieties render the NCs stable in the operation of field effect transistors, suggesting that our findings can enable the use of air stable PbSe NCs in wider array of optoelectronic applications.
Compounds Related to Juvenile Hormone. Exceptional Activity of Arylterpenoid Compounds in Four Species of Flies1 (1974)

Journal Article Compounds Related to Juvenile Hormone. Exceptional Activity of Arylterpenoid Compounds in Four Species of Flies Get access Meyer Schwarz, Meyer Schwarz Agric. Res. Serv., USDA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. W. Miller, R. W. Miller Agric. Res. Serv., USDA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar James E. Wright, James E. Wright Agric. Res. Serv., USDA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar W. F. Chamberlain, W. F. Chamberlain Agric. Res. Serv., USDA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. E. Hopkins D. E. Hopkins Agric. Res. Serv., USDA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 67, Issue 5, 1 October 1974, Pages 598–601, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/67.5.598 Published: 01 October 1974 Article history Received: 09 July 1974 Published: 01 October 1974
Conditional Communication in the Presence of Priority (2000)

In this paper the behavior of c onditional communication in the presence of priority will be described. In the theory of CSP, conditional communications are expressed by a (external) choice construct—also known as the alternative construct—by which the choice of one communication out of a set of communications is non-deterministic. In practice, some communication can be more important than others, so that, the choice is deterministic . Therefore, one can distinguish two prioritized alternative constructs; a symmetric alternative construct (ALT) and an asymmetric alternative construct (PRIALT). Current formal semantics and implementations of the ALT and PRIALT are based on the priorities of communication and not related to the surrounding priorities of communicating processes. This can result in a structural mismatch that can cause performance problems. In this paper a practical solution for realizing fair and unfair conditional communication in the presence of the PAR and the PRIPAR will be discussed.
One-pot synthesis of furfural derivatives from pentoses using solid acid and base catalysts (2014)

One-pot synthesis of (2-furanylmethylene)malononitrile, a Knoevenagel product of furfural with malononitrile, from xylose efficiently proceeded by combined use of acid Amberlyst-15 and acid-base Cr/hydrotalcites in 44% yield.
Polymer thin films embedded with in situ grown metal nanoparticles (2009)

Metal nanoparticle-polymer composites are versatile materials which not only combine the unique characteristics of the components, but also manifest mutualistic effects between the two. Embedding inside polymer thin films facilitates immobilization and organization of the metal nanoparticles and tuning of their electronic and optical responses by the dielectric environment. The embedded metal nanoparticles in turn can impact upon the various material attributes of the polymer matrix. Some of the most convenient and attractive routes to the fabrication of metal nanoparticle-embedded polymer thin films involve in situ generation of the nanoparticles through reduction or decomposition of appropriate precursors inside the solid film. In this tutorial review we present an overview of the different methodologies developed using this general concept and describe the environment-friendly protocol we have optimized for the fabrication of noble metal nanostructures inside polymer thin films, using aqueous media for the synthesis and deploying the polymer itself as the reducing as well as stabilizing agent. A variety of techniques that have been exploited to characterize the precursor to product transformation inside the polymer film are discussed. The unique control provided by the in situ fabrication route on the size, shape and distribution of the nanostructures, and application of the polymer thin films with the in situ generated metal nanoparticles in areas such as nonlinear optics, surface enhanced Raman scattering, e-beam lithography, microwave absorption, non-volatile memory devices and random lasers, illustrate the versatility of these materials. A brief appraisal of the avenues for future developments in this area is presented.
A Fast Empirical Mode Decomposition Technique for Nonstationary Nonlinear Time Series (2005)

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a fast analysis technique for decomposing time-series into a set of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) and a residual trend. This decomposing technique, known as the empirical mode decomposition, traditionally uses cubic-splines in the decomposing process thus creating the need to solve a system of equations, albeit well conditioned, at each step. This new method being proposed takes advantage of the theory of matrix-free moving least-squares approximation to construct discrete reproducing kernels capable of interpolation to a near natural cubic-spline t without the need for solving a system of equations. A class of compactly supported radial functions used in constructing the reproducing kernels is also given along with numerical examples validating the robustness of the fast algorithm.
Effects of sucrose ester on the kinetics of polymorphic transition in hydrogenated sunflower oil (1996)

Abstract The effect of a commercial emulsifier, sucrose ester, on the crystallization kinetics of hydrogenated sunflowerseed oil was studied by means of an optical method. Induction times were measured for hydrogenated oil with the addition of 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1 wt% sucrose ester. This emulsifier delayed nucleation, thus affecting the formation of critical nuclei and prolonging induction times. Kinetics of the β’→β polymorphic transition was followed by X‐ray diffractometry. Addition of the emulsifier delayed the appearance of the signal at 4.6 Å. Moreover, longer times were needed to complete the transition. The kinetic model chosen to describe the transition process was based on the theory of Avrami. Avrami’s exponent n was approximately 1 in all cases. The n value was in agreement with the fact that only one β’ pattern was found. The β form could not be obtained directly from the melt, and it is unlikely that the β’→β transition occurred through a melt‐mediated mechanism. Transition was hindered by the rigidity of the sucrose ester structure.
Using airborne laser scanning data and digital aerial photographs to estimate growing stock by tree species (2009)

Nowadays modern remote sensing techniques are seen as very attractive alternatives for expensive field measurements in forest inventories. The most promising remote sensing technique for forest inventory purposes is currently Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS). Several studies have indicated that essential forest characteristics such as mean height, basal area and stand volume can be predicted very accurately using ALS data. However, most ALS studies have concentrated on predicting total stand characteristics although species-specific characteristics are of primary interest in Finland. The aim of the thesis is to develop and evaluate methods for species-specific stand level forest inventories using remote sensing.