gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Army medical laboratory telemedicine: role of mass spectrometry in telediagnosis for chemical and biological defense (2001)

An army medical field laboratory presently has the capability of performing standard protocols developed at the US Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense for verification of nerve agent or sulfur mustard exposure. The protocols analyze hydrolysis products of chemical warfare agents using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Additionally, chemical warfare agents can produce alkylated or phosphorylated proteins following human exposure that have long biological half-lives and can be used as diagnostic biomarkers of chemical agent exposure. An analytical technique known as matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS) currently is being examined for its potential to analyze these biomarkers. The technique is capable of detecting large biomolecules and modifications made to them. Its fast analysis time makes MALDI-TOF/MS technology suitable for screening casualties from chemical or biological attacks. Basic operation requires minimal training and the instrument has the potential to become field-portable. The limitation of the technique is that the generated data may require considerable expertise from knowledgeable personnel for consultation to ensure correct interpretation. The interaction between research scientists and field personnel in the acquisition of data and its interpretation via advanced digital telecommunication technologies can enhance rapid diagnosis and subsequently improve patient care in remote areas.
The aged lymphoid tissue environment fails to support naïve T cell homeostasis (2016)

Aging is associated with a gradual loss of naïve T cells and a reciprocal increase in the proportion of memory T cells. While reduced thymic output is important, age-dependent changes in factors supporting naïve T cells homeostasis may also be involved. Indeed, we noted a dramatic decrease in the ability of aged mice to support survival and homeostatic proliferation of naïve T cells. The defect was not due to a reduction in IL-7 expression, but from a combination of changes in the secondary lymphoid environment that impaired naïve T cell entry and access to key survival factors. We observed an age-related shift in the expression of homing chemokines and structural deterioration of the stromal network in T cell zones. Treatment with IL-7/mAb complexes can restore naïve T cell homeostatic proliferation in aged mice. Our data suggests that homeostatic mechanisms that support the naïve T cell pool deteriorate with age.
VP59.15: Circulating kisspeptin levels in ectopic pregnancy and pregnancy of unknown location (2020)

Appropriate placentation is critical for pregnancy success. Kisspeptin (KP), expressed by placental syncytiotrophoblasts, is hypothesised to regulate physiological placentation. Circulating KP levels are raised during healthy pregnancy but are lower in ectopic pregnancy (EP) and miscarriage. We compared circulating KP concentrations in women with an EP or classified with a pregnancy of unknown location (PUL). 189 prospective EP or PUL were included from July 2018 to January 2020. Transvaginal ultrasonography was performed at intervals until a final outcome of EP, intrauterine pregnancy (IUP):[viable (VIUP), or non-viable (NVIUP)], failed PUL (FPUL) or persistent PUL (PPUL) was confirmed. Plasma samples were collected at time of PUL classification or EP diagnosis. VIUP were selected as controls. KP levels were measured using a validated radioimmunoassay. Single hCG levels were measured alongside. Multivariable linear and logistic regression was performed using Stata version 14. 67 IUP (5 IUP, 42 VIUP, 20 NVIUP), 31 EP, 83 FPUL and 8 PPUL were included. KP levels were consistently low, with no differences in circulating KP levels in women with VIUP compared to other PUL outcomes independently (p = 0.08), and when adjusted for age, body mass index, gestation and ethnicity (p = 0.62). Other than a difference between VIUP and NVIUP (p = 0.046), there were no changes in adjusted hCG levels between PUL outcomes (p = 0.06-0.82). When using an adjusted hCG-KP ratio (hCG divided by KP), no differences were identified when comparing VIUP to other PUL outcomes (p = 0.07-0.68), high and low-risk PUL outcomes (EP and PPUL vs IUP and FPUL;p = 0.83), or types of EP management required (surgical vs non-surgical;p = 0.33). Following a classification of PUL, differences in plasma kisspeptin levels were not identified when comparing final pregnancy outcomes. There was no evidence that single hCG levels were useful in PUL triage and outcome prediction. Kisspeptin expression has been reported to be low at less than six weeks gestation and as a result this may not represent a reliable biomarker for use in PUL.
Stimulation of Aromatase Activity by Follicle Stimulating Hormone in Rat Granulosa Cells<i>in Vivo</i>and<i>in Vitro</i>* (1978)

The effect of gamma, the exponent of the power function that characterizes luminance transfer, on perceptual image quality and on the strength of its underlying dimensions, brightness contrast and sharpness have been studied for complex black-and-white scenes, displayed on a TV monitor. Gamma was found to have a scene-independent optimum value that is higher than expected. This optimum was found to be uniquely determined by (subjective) brightness contrast. Although (subjected) sharpness is influenced by gamma, experiments show that no interaction is to be expected in the range of interest. The results also show that luminance contrast ratio is an adequate measure of brightness contrast.
Error Covariance Analysis of a Karhunen-Loeve Collocation Estimator (1986)

An error covariance analysis of a two-dimensional gravity compensation technique (KLC) employing a Karhunen-Loeve gravity disturbance model and the linear least-square collocation algorithm for its estimation is presented, without actually using any data. Its performance is compared with another gravity compensation technique (KLE), whose error covariance analysis was previously presented by Gupta. From the mismodeling analysis, KLC appears to be superior to KLE.
Impact of Video Encoding Parameters on Dynamic Video Transcoding (2006)

Currently there are a wide variety of devices with different screen resolutions, color support, processing power and network connectivity, capable of receiving streaming video from the Internet. In order to serve different multimedia content to all these devices, middleware proxy servers which transcode content to fit different types of devices are becoming popular. In this paper, we present result of several tests conducted with different combination of video encoding parameters and show their impact on network, CPU and energy resource usage of a transcoding server. For this purpose, we implemented a dynamic video trancoding server, which enables dynamic changes in different trancoding parameters during a video streaming session. Categories and Subject Descriptors C.2.m [Computer-Communication Networks]: Miscellaneous General Terms Design, Experimentation, Measurement, Performance.
Flow cytometric analysis of cell surface antigen recognized by monoclonal antibody (MSN‐1) in normal, hyperplasia, and carcinoma of endometrial cells: Its diagnostic value for endometrial carcinoma (1997)

A monoclonal antibody, MSN-1, was used for flow cytometric analysis of cells from normal endometrium, endometrial hyperplasia, and endometrial carcinoma. The 90th percentile of the specimen control was used as a threshold. Reactivity was defined by the percentage of stained cell about the thresholds, adjusted for the expected percentage. A sample was considered positive if the reactivity exceeded 10%. The positivity rate for normal endometrium, endometrial hyperplasia, and endometrial carcinoma specimens was 9.2%, 19.2%, and 84.6%, respectively. The mean (±SD) reactivity rate of MSN-1 for normal endometrium, endometrial hyperplasia, and endometrial carcinoma was 3.3 ± 6.2%, 7.4 ± 13.8%, and 34.4 ± 24.2%, respectively. There was a significant difference of the reactivity rates between normal endometrium and endometrial hyperplasia, and between endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma (P < 0.01). In the subgroup of endometrial carcinoma patients with confined muscular invasion, the reactivity and the positivity rates were also analyzed. There was no relationship between the depth of muscular invasion and the reactivity rate or the positivity rate. In endometrial carcinoma patients who simultaneously underwent endometrial cytology, the relationship of the results of cytology and the positivity rate was also analyzed. When the results of cytology and flow-cytometric analysis were combined, the positivity rate of endometrial carcinoma was 100% (30/30). In conclusion, flow-cytometric analysis of endometrial cells employing MSN-1 could be a useful supplementary diagnostic method for endometrial carcinoma. Cytometry 30:23–27, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
(Invited) Reliability of SiGe Channel MOS (2013)

We report extensive experimental results on the Negative Bias Temperature Instability (NBTI) of SiGe channel pMOSFETs as a function of the main gate stack parameters. These results clearly show that this high-mobility channel technology offers a significantly improved NBTI robustness compared to Si-channel devices, which can virtually eliminate this critical reliability issue for sub-1 nm EOT devices. The intrinsically superior NBTI robustness is understood in terms of a favorable energy decoupling between the SiGe channel and the gate dielectric defects. Thanks to this effect, both a significantly reduced time-dependent variability in nanoscaled SiGe devices and a reduced low-frequency noise are also observed. Other reliability mechanisms, such as Channel Hot Carriers and Time-Dependent Dielectric Breakdown are shown not to be showstoppers. All these aspects underscore the SiGe channel technology as a very promising alternative to Si pMOSFETs for future CMOS technology nodes.
A New Concept for Computing Using Interconnect Crosstalks (2017)

Device, interconnect scaling and interconnection bottleneck are among the major challenges for CMOS scaling. Furthermore, signal integrity issues like crosstalk-leakage of charge between capacitively coupled nets among neighboring signal lines-is becoming inexorable. We propose to astutely turn this detrimental effect into an advantage by engineering the interference among signal lines. Our proposal can potentially solve scaling challenges by reducing device and interconnect scaling requirements while complying with existing manufacturing paradigm. Central to our approach is the deterministic emulation of aggressor-victim scenarios in metal lines to achieve logic computation. The metal lines that carry inputs are called aggressor nets (number of aggressor nets is proportional to fan-in of the logic gate), and output signal carrying metal lines are called victim nets; aggressor nets are coupled to victim net through virtual lateral capacitance. As a result of input transitions on the aggressor nets, summation of aggressor nets charges is introduced on the victim net. The summation signal on victim net serve as outputs for logic gate, or used to control a pass transistor to get desired logic output. Depending on the boolean logic being computed, this sum of charges seen by victim net is controlled primarily by engineering the capacitance between aggressors and victims and by synchronous clocking. We have implemented basic gates including AND, OR and XOR, and compound logic circuits following this principle. Our results indicate huge potentials for compact and low-power computing using the proposed approach.
ChemInform Abstract: SULFOXIDE UND VERWANDTE VERBINDUNGEN 32. MITT. DARST. VON SULFONIMIDSAEURECHLORIDEN DURCH CHLORIERUNG VON SULFINAMIDEN (1971)

Abstract Die Titelverbindungen (III) (52‐100% Ausbeute) entstehen durch Chlorierung der Sulfinamide (I) mit Chlor in Äther bei ‐78°C oder in Benzol bzw. mit N‐Chlor‐benzotriazol in Methylenchlorid bei Raumtemperatur, wobei die Oxosulfoniumsalze (II) als Intermediäre anzunehmen sind.
<title>Double-pass wave model in eye aberrations study</title> (1997)

A modified double-pass wave model is proposed being a wave diffraction model of the secondary coherent field formed due to double pass of light in the human eye system. The modification takes into account: cornea contribution into total eye refraction, coherent nature of light reflection from the retina, and non-additive character of the cornea and lens aberrations. Irreversibility and anisoplanatism of the optical eye system follow from this study concurrently with the fact that the coherent point-spread function of double pass is not the autocorrelation of single-pass point- spread function. We used Hartmann-Shack wave front sensor and found it to be a promising technique for eye aberrations study: refraction map of the whole eye aperture can be reconstructed from a single-pulse information, presenting essential advantage as compared with point-by-point measurements. TV image of spot pairs can be got with CCD camera, its lens being replaced with lenslet array. Image processing consists in distance calculation between corresponding spot pairs. We use two-pulse exposure for this purpose: one--for producing a reference set of spots, the second one--for getting the spots produced by a distorted wave front. The sensitivity of this technique is estimated to be of the order of several percents.
Endophyte Strain NRRL 50072 producing volatile organics is a species of Ascocoryne (2010)

A fungal endophyte (NRRL 50072) isolated from Eucryphia cordifolia from Patagonia that produces hydrocarbon derivatives is identified as an Ascocoryne sp. It was classified as Clonostachys rosea (Gliocaldium roseum) strain C-13 = NRRL 50072 primarily based upon its morphological characteristics. The fungus produced slimy clumped conidia on verticillated conidiophores and red- pigmented particles in culture. However, DNA sequence analysis (ITS rDNA) suggested a 99% identity to Ascocoryne sarcoides rather than to fungi assigned to the group of Gliocladium-like anamorphs. Comparative genetic, biological and morphological studies confirmed that the anamorphic stage of an authenticated field-collected culture of Ascocoryne sarcoides AV-70 shares many of the same morphological, and genetic features as NRRL 50072, but the latter is unable to produce synnematal masses unless it is grown on a proper substratum. These data suggest that NRRL 50072 is most closely related to the asexual stage of A. sarcoides, namely a Coryne sp. Serial transfer of the A. sarcoides AV-70 resulted in major cultural changes in the fungus especially in the production of aerial hyphae, pigment production and the number of synnemata being formed. This report appropriately sets the taxonomic framework for further molecular biological and biochemical work on NRRL 50072 and related fungi.
Specificities and sensitivities of three systems for determination of antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus by electrophoretic immunoblotting (1988)

Electrophoretic immunoblotting (EIB [Western blotting]) has emerged as the major method for verification of seropositivity for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and therefore needs to be thoroughly characterized. The specificities of three EIB systems, our own and two commercial systems, were studied with anticellular sera and serial dilutions of human sera. We demonstrated that in one system, anti-HLA classes I and II gave bands comigrating with viral proteins, which can be controlled by EIB with uninfected H9 cells. In addition, animal antisera, including anti-immunoglobulin enzyme conjugates, occasionally reacted with HIV gag proteins, necessitating appropriate controls. Whereas none of 10 blood donors reacted at the standard dilution in serum (1/100 or 1/400) in any of the three systems, 6, 1, and 2 of 10 donors reacted with p24, p55, or both at a dilution of 1/10 for the three systems tested. Thus, nonspecific reactions can arise in several ways and justify critical EIB interpretation. The sensitivity of the three systems was studied by comparative titrations and direct quantification of bound immunoglobulin G (IgG). In the titrations with all three, the minor anti-HIV bands p53 and p64, coded from pol, were often detectable in higher dilutions than were antibodies to any other HIV protein. The minimum visible amounts of IgG bound per HIV protein band estimated by extra- and interpolation in densitometric curves and liquid scintillation counting of radiolabeled patient IgG were approximately 0.1, 0.05, and 0.02 ng per band in the three systems. One of the commercial systems had both the highest sensitivity and highest specificity.
Otosclerosis—Studied with X-Ray Microscopy and Fluorescence Microscopy After Administration of Tetracyclines (1965)

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Experimental evidence of a diffusion barrier around BaF2 nanocrystals in a silicate glass system by ASAXS (2012)

Nanocrystals of BaF2 precipitate during controlled annealing of silicate glasses composed of SiO2, Al2O3, K2O, Na2O, BaF2 and BaO. Structural characteristics such as size, shape, volume fraction and size distribution of nanoparticles in the glass matrix were studied by anomalous small angle x-ray scattering (ASAXS). Fitted ASAXS curves near the Ba absorption edge reveal the formation of a core-shell structure. Furthermore, ASAXS results allowed to determine quantitatively the composition of the nanocrystals, the surrounding region (shell) and the matrix. The evaluated composition gives evidence for an enrichment of Si atoms in a shell, that surrounds the particles and acts as a diffusion barrier. Resonant curve analysis reveals the quantitative information of the Ba atoms used in the formation of BaF2 nanoparticles.
Analytical Methods for Determining Pectin Composition (1986)

Chemical and modern chromatographic methods have been applied to the determination of pectin composition and structure. The dominant structural feature of pectin is a linear chain of galacturonic acid residues, some of which are esterified with methyl groups. Chemical methods (including reactions with carbazole and substituted phenols) and chromatographic methods (GLC and HPLC) are available for galacturonic acid determination. Methyl ester levels are determined either chemically (after oxidation to formaldehyde) or by GLC after pectin ester saponification. A variety of neutral sugars are present in pectin, mainly rhamnose, galactose, arabinose, and xylose. Effective GLC procedures are available for their determination, and applicable liquid chromatographic methods have been developed. Measurements of less the less-common substituents, such as 0-acetyl and 0-feruloyl esters have been achieved by colorimetric and titrimetric procedures. Developments in infrared and 13C-NMR spectroscopy have resulted in these being applied to structural analysis in pectin.
Shape-controlled Synthesis of CoNi2S4 Microstructures from Precursors: A Study of Their Catalytic Application to <i>p</i>-Nitrophenol Reduction (2014)

Abstract In this study, CoNi2S4 microstructures (CoNi2S4 MSs) with urchin-like and flower-like shapes were synthesized by a sacrificial template method based on the Kirkendall effect. The as-prepared CoNi2S4 MSs were used, for the first time, to catalyze the hydrogenation of p-nitrophenol (PNP) by NaBH4. A comparison experiment revealed that the flower-like CoNi2S4 MSs showed better catalytic activity for hydrogenation of PNP than the urchin-like CoNi2S4 MSs at room temperature. The improved catalytic activity of the CoNi2S4 MSs can be attributed to their unique structures under nearly the same sizes.
Association between the vanB2 glycopeptide resistance operon and Tn1549 in enterococci from France (2002)

Linkage between the vanB2 gene cluster and transposon Tn1549 was found in clonally unrelated VanB-type vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp. strains isolated in France. The transposon was chromosomally located or plasmid borne.
The nonspecific helper effect of mixed lymphocyte reactions on the induction of T cell‐mediated immunity <i>in vitro</i> (1974)

Abstract We compared induction of sensitization in the mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) and in a mouse anti‐fibroblast reaction. Our study demonstrated that induction processes in these two reactions, both known to be T cell‐mediated reactions, are governed by different factors. Moreover, these two reactions interact with each other and this interaction is manifested by the ability of a MLR occurring during the sensitization phase of the anti‐fibroblast reaction to enhance specific cytolysis measured during the effector phase. This helper effect appears to be immunologically nonspecific, since it can be obtained by the use of third party, antigenically unrelated lymphocytes as stimulator cells in the MLR.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Reduction of Aldehydes and Ketones with 2‐Propanol Over Hydrous Zirconium Oxide. (1989)

Abstract Reduction of aldehydes such as (I) or ketones such as (III), (V), (VII) with isopropanol proceeds efficiently by catalysis with hydrous zirconium oxide to give the respective alcohols (II), (IV), (VI), (VIII).
Posterior Hip Dislocation Associated with Acute Traumatic Injury of the Thoracic Aorta (1990)

Posterior hip dislocation associated with acute injury to the thoracic aorta is a previously unrecognized injury complex. This study reveals that 8% of patients with posterior hip dislocation have associated injury to the thoracic aorta because of abrupt deceleration injuries. This study defines the association of traumatic posterior hip dislocation and acute traumatic injury of the thoracic aorta, describes the mechanism of injury, and discusses the evaluation of a patient with a suspected acute traumatic aortic injury.
Analytical and Experimental Investigation of a Temperature-schedule Acceleration Control for a Turbojet Engine (1958)

From Introduction: "This report investigates some of the problems involved in scheduling the tailpipe temperature to avoid stall during acceleration. The object of this report is to investigate the dynamics of a closed-loop acceleration control that follows a schedule of tailpipe temperature with rotor speed."
The Computationel Complexity of Alternative Updating Approaches for an SVD-Encoded Indexing Scheme. (1995)

Economic incentives and patent protections drive development of innovative medications. Drug prices are determined by consumer demand, not production costs. Therefore, governmental regulation risks future investment in research and development.