gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A CMOS continuous variable gain low-noise amplifier(LNA) for WLAN applications (2011)

In order to attend the exponential growth of wireless communication in portable device market, a demand for flexible RF transceivers has become a major research interest, including those with the ability of communicating in an unpredictable environment, from very weak to highly powered signal levels without losing its functionality. In this paper we present a CMOS Continuous Variable Gain Low-Noise Amplifier (CVG-LNA) 2.4GHz ISM band with minimum NF of 1.2dB at highest gain mode, ICP of -6dBm at lowest gain mode, and voltage gain variation of 30dB, from 34dB to 4dB, while consuming 12mW under 1.8V power supply.
Naucline, a New Indole Alkaloid from the Bark of Nauclea officinalis (2012)

A new indole alkaloid, naucline (1) together with four known alkaloids, angustine (2), angustidine (3), nauclefine (4) and naucletine (5), were isolated from the bark of Nauclea officinalis. The structures of all isolated compounds were elucidated with various spectroscopic methods such as 1D- and 2D- NMR, IR, UV and LCMS-IT-TOF. In addition to that of alkaloid 1, the complete 13C-NMR data of naucletine (5) were also reported. Naucline (1) showed a moderate vasorelaxant activity (90% relaxation at 1 × 10(-5) M) whereas, angustine (2), nauclefine (4), and naucletine (5) showed potent vasorelaxant activity (more than 90% relaxation at 1 × 10(-5) M) on an isolated rat aorta.
Delayed Posterior Internal Fixation of Unstable Pelvic Fractures (1987)

Fifteen patients with unstable pelvic fractures were treated with immediate anterior external fixation followed by delayed posterior fixation, including five sacroiliac lag screws, six transiliac rods, and four iliac plates. Initial anterior external fixation aided in resuscitation of hemodynamically unstable patients and allowed early mobilization. Delayed posterior internal fixation avoided infection and hemorrhage but failed to achieve anatomic reduction of disrupted sacroiliac joints and sacral fractures. Followup examination confirmed maintenance of fixation and fracture healing but pain and persistent neurologic deficits were common findings. Lumbosacral nerve plexus injuries occurred in patients with fractures through the sacral foramina. Fixation of these fractures with sacroiliac screws and transiliac rods caused overcompression and the resulting foraminal encroachment may be a factor in the lack of neurologic recovery. In this study, delayed posterior internal fixation was not associated with perioperative morbidity and achieved better reductions than those obtained with external fixation alone. Delaying the fixation, however, increased the difficulty of obtaining anatomic reduction of certain posterior arch disruptions.
Effect of pH and salt bridges on structural assembly: Molecular structures of the monomer and intertwined dimer of the Eps8 SH3 domain (2001)

The SH3 domain of Eps8 was previously found to form an intertwined, domain-swapped dimer. We report here a monomeric structure of the EPS8 SH3 domain obtained from crystals grown at low pH, as well as an improved domain-swapped dimer structure at 1.8 A resolution. In the domain-swapped dimer the asymmetric unit contains two "hybrid-monomers." In the low pH form there are two independently folded SH3 molecules per asymmetric unit. The formation of intermolecular salt bridges is thought to be the reason for the formation of the dimer. On the basis of the monomer SH3 structure, it is argued that Eps8 SH3 should, in principle, bind to peptides containing a PxxP motif. Recently it was reported that Eps8 SH3 binds to a peptide with a PxxDY motif. Because the "SH3 fold" is conserved, alternate binding sites may be possible for the PxxDY motif to bind. The strand exchange or domain swap occurs at the n-src loops because the n-src loops are flexible. The thermal b-factors also indicate the flexible nature of n-src loops and a possible handle for domain swap initiation. Despite the loop swapping, the typical SH3 fold in both forms is conserved structurally. The interface of the acidic form of SH3 is stabilized by a tetragonal network of water molecules above hydrophobic residues. The intertwined dimer interface is stabilized by hydrophobic and aromatic stacking interactions in the core and by hydrophilic interactions on the surface.
Regional Anesthesia for Foot and Ankle Surgery (1992)

We present our experience with the use of regional anesthesia in 1295 of 1862 (69.5%) surgical procedures of the foot and ankle between 1986 and 1989. Regional anesthesia was used for surgical procedures of the forefoot, midfoot, hindfoot, and ankle in the setting of elective surgery and trauma. From the viewpoint of the surgeon, regional anesthesia was completely successful in 95% of the procedures performed. Sample patient surveys confirmed that 87% of patients were satisfied with the use of regional anesthesia for their operative procedure. There were four (0.3%) minor complications, one being lidocaine toxicity. With increasing experience, the expanded indications and uses of regional anesthesia for foot and ankle surgery are proving to be simple, safe, reliable, and well tolerated by the patient.
Structure-function investigations of modified phenol-formaldehyde and resorcinol-formaldehyde ion-exchange resins that are selective for cesium (1995)

Resorcinol-Formaldehyde (R-F) resin is a candidate regenerable ion-exchange material for removal of radioactive cesium from alkaline waste tank supernates at both the Hanford and Savannah River sites. The chemical stability of the R-F resin is a primary issue under the typical process conditions encountered for cesium removal, especially during the acid elution step. Part of our examination into this issue has been directed toward preparation of resins that contain fluorine to examine the effect on chemical stability of resorcinol and phenol based resins and to explore the effect of structural modification of the polymer on its cesium selectivity. Polymer modifiers included 2-, 3-, and 4-fluorophenol as well as 2,5-, 3,4-, and 3,5-difluorophenol. The resins were characterized using spectroscopic techniques (IR, {sup 13}C CP-MAS NMR) and by determination of cesium-specific distribution coefficients (K{sub d}`s).
Some Modern Applications of Mathematics (1995)

From the Publisher:
Emphasizing discrete models using difference equations and matrix representations, this book plays down the importance of calculus and differential equations in applied mathematics. Realizing that some students fail to see the relevance of applied maths, the author makes sure he uses modern and relevant examples. Each chapter contains numerous worked examples and problems for solution and all answers are provided. Looks at applied math in a very practical way - uses supermarket bar codes to explain error correction codes. First year undergraduates in applied maths taking courses such as introduction to applied maths.
Cloning and expression of the carbon monoxide dehydrogenase genes from strain C2 (1990)

Carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (CODH) from Pseudomonas thermocarboxydovorans strain C2 is composed of three non-identical subunits. A gene library of C2 DNA in lambda vector L47.1 was generated and screened using anti-CODH serum. Western blotting experiments revealed a protein which co-migrated with and had the same immunological reaction as the large subunit of CODH in some of the clones isolated from the library. The coding region was pinpointed to a 4 kb fragment which was subcloned into plasmid. Western blotting experiments showed that all three subunits of CODH were coded for by the subclone. However, no CODH activity was detected.
Sorption of Organic Matter from Various Phytoplankton to Montmorillonite, Chlorite and Kaolinite in Seawater (2001)

Introduction: Organic matter derived from phytoplankton is a primary source of material found in marine sediments. Reconstruction of past records requires understanding the factors that promote preservation of this material in sediments. This study was designed to assess if the organic matter derived from different phytoplankton (diatoms, dinoflagellates, and prymn esiophytes) interact uniquely to sediments. An additional objective of this study was to evaluate the proposed hypothesis that what determines the degree of adsorption is the sediment structure itself. Experimental methods involved cultures of four phytoplankton species, Phaeocystis sp., Gymnodinium sanguineum, Scrippsiella trochoidea and Ditylum brightwellii. Methods: Each species was concentrated and centrifuged to separate the cell contents from the outer cell coverings. The concentration of organic matter was determined with the use of a dissolved organic carbon (DOC) analyzer. Soluble components from each individual species were repeatedly exposed to the sediments kaolinite, chlorite and montmorillonite, to quantify the partition coefficients and fractions of reactive materials within each mineral-organism matrix. Data were fit to a two-component model assuming one nonreactive component and one surface-reactive comp onent:
Long-run-time performance characteristics of a line-selected 2-kHz F 2 laser for optical microlithography (2001)

Driving optical lithography below the 100nm node is very demanding for optical materials due to the deep ultra-violet radiation to be used. Light sources enabling detailed material studies in the wavelength range of interest are therefore indispensable. For this purpose Gigaphoton Inc. developed a line-selected F<SUB>2</SUB> laser operating at 2kHz which is based on the well proven technology of its KrF and ArF lasers. The F<SUB>2</SUB> laser uses a line-selecting module in order to oscillate at the stronger (157.63nm) of the two F2 transition lines emitted under free running conditions (157.52nm and 157.63nm). The laser transition is not line-narrowed resulting in a deconvoluted bandwidth of 0.92pm (FWHM) with a 95% integrated energy width of 2.95pm. The F<SUB>2</SUB> laser delivers 7.5mJ pulses at 2000Hz with a fluctuation sigma of 3% (50 pulse window). Laser characteristics important for industrial applications and results of durability tests (> 2.5Bpls) will be presented. Discussed laser performance data include laser beam characteristics, especially beam profile and divergence, wavelength and pulse energy stability during gas lifetime cycles as well as the overall laser performance and reliability during a laser-chamber lifetime cycle.
An immunogenetic study of older age onset rheumatoid arthritis. (1984)

Thirty-two patients with older age onset rheumatoid arthritis (ORA), defined as disease onset after age 60, were selected for HLA typing. The majority (69%) were rheumatoid factor (RF) seronegative. An increase in HLA-DR4, though not statistically significant, was seen in ORA (38% vs 17% normals). This antigen was strongly associated with RF seropositivity (70%, p less than 0.01) and rheumatoid nodules (75%, p less than 0.01) in ORA. We conclude that the immunogenetics of ORA are similar to that described for adult RA in general.
Derivation of Noncancer Reference Values for Acrylonitrile (2008)

Dose-response assessments were conducted for the noncancer effects of acrylonitrile (AN) for the purposes of deriving subchronic and chronic oral reference dose (RfD) and inhalation reference concentration (RfC) values. Based upon an evaluation of available toxicity data, the irritation and neurological effects of AN were determined to be appropriate bases for deriving reference values. A PBPK model, which describes the toxicokinetics of AN and its metabolite 2-cyanoethylene oxide (CEO) in both rats and humans, was used to assess the dose-response data in terms of an internal dose measure for the oral RfD values, but could not be used in deriving the inhalation RfC values. Benchmark dose (BMD) methods were used to derive all reference values. Where sufficient information was available, data-derived uncertainty factors were applied to the points of departure determined by BMD methods. From this assessment, subchronic and chronic oral RfD values of 0.5 and 0.05 mg/kg/day, respectively, were derived. Similarly, subchronic and chronic inhalation RfC values of 0.1 and 0.06 mg/m(3), respectively, were derived. Confidence in the reference values derived for AN was considered to be medium to high, based upon a consideration of the confidence in the key studies, the toxicity database, dosimetry, and dose-response modeling.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF A DICYANOCOBALT(III) D‐DIDEHYDROCORRINATE AND ITS REDUCTION TO DICYANOCOBALT(III) CORRINATE (1982)

Abstract Der Secocorrin‐Ni‐Komplex (Ia) wurde durch Reaktion mit [NBu 4 ]CN und nachfolgende Umsetzung mit [NBu 4 ]CdCl 4 (20 °C, CHCl 3 , 5 bzw. 15 min) in die entsprechende Cd‐Verbindung (Ib) umgewandelt, die bei Bestrahlung in die Verbindung (IIa) überführt wird.
Conventionally Forged RR1000 Billet for Forged Turbine Components (2016)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Development Work Billet Microstructure Billet Ultrasonic Noise Conclusion Acknowledgements References
Reconfigurable Web wrapper agents (2003)

Web wrapper agents exploit online Web data sources, facilitating information integration and reuse. With the DeepSpot Agent Toolbox, users can automate virtually all types of Web browsing sessions simply by browsing the target Web sites.
Master: A discovery-class mission for the detailed study of large mainbelt asteroids (1995)

MASTER (Mainbelt Asteroid Exploration/Rendezvous) focuses on the comprehensive global study of important large mainbelt asteroids. A three-instrument, four-investigation payload can be placed into orbit around 4 Vesta within the cost/complexity envelope of the Discovery program using a Delta-ll launch vehicle. The detailed global study of such an object will provide essential-new data on the present state and past evolution of asteroids, including information not obtainable by fast flybys or by rendezvous with mere asteroidal shards such as the tiny Earth-approaching asteroids.
STUDIES ON THE POLYVYNYL ALCOHOL FIBER (1962)

The effect of the draft during the dry spinning of polyvinyl alcohol was investigated. The relation between the tenacity or the elongation of drawn fiber and the draw ratio was constant without being affected by the amount of draft. However, the stretchability of the spun fiber was remarkably reduced with the increase of the draft. Accordingly, in order to develop the higher tenacity, it is desirable to operate the lower draft and then to stretch the higher draw ratio.Futhermore, the stretchability of the spun fiber was affected by the spinning condition; the severer the drying condition is, the less the stretchability of the drafted fiber. It might be considered that the above mentioned results were due to the thin skin formation and this thin skin is formed by solvent evaporation in immediate vicinity of the spinneret, although the skin formation can not be demonstrated optically. According to the electroscopical observation, the fact that the surface structure of high drafted fiber is very ragged differed clearly from the fact that the surface structure of low drafted fiber is smooth.
ChemInform Abstract: EIN ′KUENSTLICHES ENZYM′ MIT METALLKATALYTISCHER GRUPPE UND HOHLRAUM MIT HYDROPHOBEM BINDUNGSEFFEKT (1970)

Abstract Durch Behandlung einer wäßrigen Lösung von Cyclohexaamylose mit Pyridin‐2,5‐dicarbonsäure‐5‐m‐nitrophenylester entsteht die Pyridincarbonsäure (Ia) (65% Ausbeute), die mit Ni(II)‐chlorid ein Ni‐Chelat bildet.
Methylal Steam Reforming with Pt/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, Ni/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and Mixed Cu/ZnO/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Catalysts (2019)

The main purpose of this work was to demonstrate that steam reforming of methylal (dimethoxymethane, MA), even at low steam-to-MA ratios, can be used for thermal recuperation of the energy of internal combustion engine exhaust gas. This work confirms that high conversion to H2 and CO can be achieved at temperatures above 450 °C on alumina-supported Pt (0.1%) or Cu catalysts, with S/MA = 1. These temperatures can be achieved by heating with exhaust gases and simulations showed that reaction can be completed in a reformer-heat exchanger of a reasonable size. This work differs from previous MA SR studies that employed either S/MA = 5 aimed at maximizing H2 production for fuel cells or S/MA = 0, which was shown to be insufficient for reasonable recuperation. Several conclusions can be reached from the performance dependence on S/MA ratio. Pt catalyst gives nearly complete MA conversion above 300 °C with S/MA = 1 or 4. The major products were H2, CO, and methanol. Methanol is produced in large amounts with decreased production of dimethyl ether (DME) compared to results with methylal decomposition (S/MA = 0), which showed large DME production. This is consistent with the methanol–DME equilibrium in the presence of water. On a mechanically mixed catalyst of Cu–Al2O3 with alumina, the results with S/MA = 1 show that the catalyst is somewhat less active than the Pt one (requiring more catalyst), but high production of H2 and CO can be achieved above 450 °C. The experimental results in the temperature range of 200–350 °C were used to construct a mathematical model of four reactions (MA decomposition, DME hydrolysis, methanol decomposition, and water-gas shift reaction). The model was used for extrapolation to higher temperatures and led to the conclusion above.
[The troponin complex: a new biochemical approach to cardiac insufficiency]. (1998)

The progression of cardiac failure is related to the loss of functional myocytes. The aim of these studies was to describe the structural degradation of the myocardium by the use of cardiac troponins as specific and sensitive markers of cardiac cell necrosis. The cardiac isoforms of troponin I and troponin T were measured in patients with NYHA class III-IV heart failure using second generation immunoassays without cross-reactivity with the skeletal isoforms of the two proteins. The results showed that the cardiac troponin I (72.1 +/- 15.8 vs 20.4 +/- 3.2 pg/mL; p < 0.01) and troponin T (0.21 +/- 0.6 vs 0.0005 +/- 0.002 ng/mL; p < 0.001) concentrations were significantly higher in patients with cardiac failure compared to a control population of healthy volunteers. These results suggest that troponin I and troponin T may have valuable clinical applications in the biological monitoring of cardiac failure and the appreciation of its progression.
Schwann Cells Modify Expression of Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase at Rat Neuromuscular Junctions (1997)

Using a monoclonal antibody (6.17) directed against a Schwann antigen, we have shown that Schwann cells synthesize a molecule implicated in a change of expression of synaptic cholinesterases, AChE and BChE, during muscle differentiation. In vitro, during synaptogenesis, the two enzymes are first present at developing synapses, and addition of Schwann cells to muscle-neuron co-cultures induces a disappearance of BChE, leaving only AChE activity as in the adult neuromuscular junction. This effect is inhibited by the 6.17 antibody. Thus, a molecule produced by Schwann cells is involved in the maturation of the neuromuscular synapse, in addition to the neuronal factors (CGRP, ARIA/heregulin, agrin), which are known to control the synthesis, maturation and accumulation of acetylcholine receptors and other synaptic components. In addition, in vivo, in the newborn rat, butyrylcholinesterase and acetylcholinesterase activities are initially present in equal amounts in the neural zone, but butyrylcholinesterase levels diminish sharply between 7 and 15 days after birth, the stage at which the synaptic Schwann cell membrane becomes juxtaposed with the muscle membrane.
EXPERIMENTAL CEREBRAL HEAT LESIONS PRODUCED BY TREPHINE CRANIOTOMY IN RABBITS (1972)

Heat lesions in the rabbit brain were produced by trephine craniotomy with a conventional dental drill. The temperature rise was measured at the inner surface of the skull bone at a calculated point over which the burr hole was made. A temperature rise of about 10°C was observed to produce an initial and transient injury to the blood‐brain barrier for about 10 hours, as shown by trypan blue injections. Brain edema, apparently produced by an increased vascular permeability, increased in size during the first 48 hours after the craniotomy, as shown microscopically. Thereafter the brain edema gradually subsided. The heat lesion produced by the trephine burr could be avoided if the area was irrigated with physiological saline at room temperature when the burr hole was made.
ANAEROBIC GLYCOLYSIS IN BRAIN SLICES AFTER DEPRIVATION OF OXYGEN AND GLUCOSE (1958)

If brain slices are deprived of oxygen and glucose while they are incubated in saline medium at 38 °C. the respiratory activity, subsequently determined in the presence of oxygen and glucose, is slowly decreased; the anaerobic glycolytic activity, determined after adding glucose, is very rapidly lost. These effects are prevented if the deprivation occurs at 0 °C.Loss of glycolytic activity does not occur rapidly if the brain is kept in the head at 38° after decapitation nor if slices are kept humid but without suspending medium at 38° in the absence of oxygen.The glycolytic activity of slices which have been deprived of oxygen and glucose in saline medium at 38° can be largely restored by a period of aerobiosis or by merely replacing the medium with fresh oxygenated medium.Addition of pyruvate to the medium stimulates glycolysis by normal slices but not that by deprived slices. The stimulatory effect of pyruvate reappears if the deprived slices are given a period of aerobiosis.It is concluded that the drastic irreversible effects of brief cerebral anemia on brain function cannot be ascribed to irreversible loss of aerobic or anaerobic metabolic activity.
A new framework for high-level feature extraction (2009)

A new framework for high-level feature extraction (or semantic concept detection) is proposed. In this system, features at different granularities are extracted, and four classifiers with complementary features for each concept are employed, and then the results are fused. We have evaluated 18 fusion schemes, and choose the best one for each concept to form the final results. The experiments on the auto-test corpus and TRECVID-2008 corpus show that the proposed system is effective and stable.
Nonaxisymmetric Stator Design for Boundary Layer Ingesting Fans (2019)

In a boundary layer ingesting (BLI) fan system, the inlet flow field is highly nonuniform. In this environment, an axisymmetric stator design suffers from a nonuniform distribution of hub separations, increased wake thicknesses, and casing losses. These additional loss sources can be reduced using a nonaxisymmetric design that is tuned to the radial and circumferential flow variations at exit from the rotor. In this paper, a nonaxisymmetric design approach is described for the stator of a low-speed BLI fan. First, sectional design changes are applied at each radial and circumferential location. Next, this approach is combined with the application of nonaxisymmetric lean. The designs were tested computationally using full-annulus unsteady computational fluid dynamics (CFD) of the complete fan stage with a representative inlet distortion. The final design has also been manufactured and tested experimentally. The results show that a 2D sectional approach can be applied nonaxisymmetrically to reduce incidence and diffusion factor at each location. This leads to reduced loss, particularly at the casing and midspan, but it does not eliminate the hub separations that are present within highly distorted regions of the annulus. These are relieved by nonaxisymmetric lean where the pressure surface is inclined toward the hub. For the final design, the loss in the stator blades operating with BLI was measured to be 10% lower than that for the original stator design operating with undistorted inflow. Overall, the results demonstrate that the nonaxisymmetric design has the potential to eliminate any additional loss in a BLI fan stator caused by the nonuniform ingested flow field.