gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Persistent defective coupling of dopamine-1 receptors to G proteins after solubilization from kidney proximal tubules of hypertensive rats. (1992)

The natriuretic effect of dopamine-1 (DA-1) agonists is reduced in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), partly because of defective DA-1 receptor-adenylate cyclase (AC) coupling in renal proximal convoluted tubules. To investigate this defective coupling, DA-1 dopamine receptors from renal proximal tubules were solubilized and reconstituted into phospholipid vesicles. The binding of DA-1-selective ligand [125I]SCH 23982 was specific and saturable, with no differences in receptor density or Kd between SHR and normotensive rats (Wistar-Kyoto rats; WKY). Competition experiments of the reconstituted DA-1 dopamine receptors in WKY with a DA-1-selective agonist, SKF R-38393, revealed the presence of high- (Kh = 350 +/- 209 nM) and low-affinity (Kl = 70,500 +/- 39,500 nM) binding sites. 100 microM Gpp(NH)p abolished the agonist high-affinity sites, converting them to a low-affinity state (Ki = 33,650 +/- 10,850 nM). In SHR, one affinity site was noted (Ki = 13,800 +/- 500) and was not modulated by Gpp(NH)p (Ki = 11,505 +/- 2,295). The absence of guanine nucleotide-sensitive agonist high-affinity sites may explain the defective DA-1/AC coupling mechanism in the SHR.
Wavelength-specific laser-activated switches for improved contrast ratio in generation of short THz pulses (2004)

A method for designing and manufacturing wavelength-specific laser-activated reflection switches for use at THz frequencies is described. A key figure of merit for such switches is the contrast ratio, the ratio of power reflected after activation to that reflected before activation. The new switches improve the pulse contrast ratio by utilizing interference to suppress reflections prior to laser activation. Measurements using the University of California, Santa Barbara Free Electron Laser indicate that contrast ratios can be improved from approximately 60 to as large as 4.5×104 using the new switches. The switches improve contrast ratio by an average factor of 400, with peak improvement by a factor as large as 740. Such switches can be used in the generation of short THz pulses from narrow bandwidth sources and may also find applications in the extraction of single pulses from longer pulse trains.
Reaktionen mit Phosphin‐alkylenen, I. Intermolekulare Umylidierung zwischen Phosphoniumsalzen und Phosphin‐alkylenen (1962)

Abstract Quartäre Phosphoniumsalze und Phosphin‐alkylene sind korrespondierende Säure‐Basen‐Paare. Zwischen Triphenylphosphoniumsalzen und Triphenylphosphin‐alkylenen findet intermolekulare Umylidierung statt. Die Gleichgewichte werden von mesomeren und induktiven Substituenteneffekten bestimmt.
<title>Optical properties of polycrystalline magnesium fluoride</title> (1999)

A common window material for midwave IR systems is polycrystalline magnesium fluoride. This material is now only available from a French manufacturer, Ceramiques Techniques Desmarquest. The optical constant database on this material is based on samples produced by Kodak and Bausch and Lomb. Because the optical constants are extrinsically dominated in the midwave IR, a new characterization study is needed. The IR absorption coefficient is presented as a function of temperature and frequency. Also, the scatter properties are determined by the bidirectional scatter distribution function.
Fabrication and textural characterization of nanoporous carbon electrodes embedded with CuO nanoparticles for supercapacitors (2011)

We introduce a novel strategy of fabricating nanoporous carbons loaded with different amounts of CuO nanoparticles via a hard templating approach, using copper-containing mesoporous silica as the template and sucrose as the carbon source. The nature and dispersion of the CuO nanoparticles on the surface of the nanoporous carbons were investigated by x-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). XRD results reveal that nanoporous carbons with embedded CuO nanoparticles exhibit a well-ordered mesoporous structure, whereas the nitrogen adsorption measurements indicate the presence of excellent textural characteristics such as high surface area, large pore volume and uniform pore size distribution. The amount of CuO nanoparticles in the nanochannels of the nanoporous carbon could be controlled by simply varying the Si/Cu molar ratio of the mesoporous silica template. Morphological characterization by SEM and TEM reveals that high-quality CuO nanoparticles are distributed homogeneously within the nanoporous carbon framework. The supercapacitance behavior of the CuO-loaded nanoporous carbons was investigated. The material with a small amount of CuO in the mesochannels and high surface area affords a maximum specific capacitance of 300 F g<sup>-1</sup> at a 20 mV s<sup>-1</sup> scan rate in an aqueous electrolyte solution. A supercapacitor containing the CuO-loaded nanoporous carbon is highly stable and exhibits a long cycle life with 91% specific capacitance retained after 1000 cycles.
A Carbene−Phosphorus(V) Adduct (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTA Carbene−Phosphorus(V) AdductAnthony J. Arduengo, Roland Krafczyk, William J. Marshall, and Reinhard SchmutzlerView Author Information DuPont Science and Engineering Laboratory3 Experimental Station Wilmington, Delaware 19880-0328 Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie der Technischen Universität Braunschweig Postfach 3329, D-38023 Braunschweig, Germany Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 14, 3381–3382Publication Date (Web):April 9, 1997Publication History Received27 November 1996Published online9 April 1997Published inissue 1 April 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja964094hhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja964094hrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views851Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Adducts,Carbene compounds,Particulate matter,Phenyls,Phosphorus Get e-Alerts
Multi-scale Mining of fMRI data with Hierarchical Structured Sparsity (2011)

Inverse inference, or "brain reading", is a recent paradigm for analyzing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data, based on pattern recognition and statistical learning. By predicting some cognitive variables related to brain activation maps, this approach aims at decoding brain activity. Inverse inference takes into account the multivariate information between voxels and is currently the only way to assess how precisely some cognitive information is encoded by the activity of neural populations within the whole brain. However, it relies on a prediction function that is plagued by the curse of dimensionality, since there are far more features than samples, i.e., more voxels than fMRI volumes. To address this problem, different methods have been proposed, such as, among others, univariate feature selection, feature agglomeration and regularization techniques. In this paper, we consider a sparse hierarchical structured regularization. Specifically, the penalization we use is constructed from a tree that is obtained by spatially-constrained agglomerative clustering. This approach encodes the spatial structure of the data at different scales into the regularization, which makes the overall prediction procedure more robust to inter-subject variability. The regularization used induces the selection of spatially coherent predictive brain regions simultaneously at different scales. We test our algorithm on real data acquired to study the mental representation of objects, and we show that the proposed algorithm not only delineates meaningful brain regions but yields as well better prediction accuracy than reference methods.
Inhalation of PM2.5 does not modulate host defense or immune parameters in blood or lung of normal human subjects. (2001)

We tested the hypothesis that exposure of healthy volunteers to concentrated ambient air particles (CAPS) between 0.1 and 2.5 microm in diameter is associated with modulation of human alveolar macrophage (AM) function, cytokine production, and immune phenotype in both blood and lung. Thirty-eight volunteers were exposed to either filtered air or CAPS from the immediate environment of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency human studies facility in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. Particle concentrations in the chamber during the exposures ranged from 23.1 to 311.1 microg/m3. No symptoms were noted by volunteers after the exposure. Eighteen hours after exposure, analysis of cells obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) showed a mild increase in neutrophils in both the bronchial (8.4 +/- 2%) and alveolar fractions (4.2 +/- 1.7%) in subjects exposed to the highest concentration of CAPS compared to neutrophils in the fluids of those exposed to filtered air (bronchial fraction 2.7 +/- 0.6%; alveolar fraction 0.8 +/- 0.3%). There was no change in the percentage of lymphocytes or AMs recovered in the lavage after inhalation of the highest particle levels (mean 207 microg/m3). There was also no change in the proportion of lymphocytes in the BAL expressing CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, nor activation markers CD25 or CD69. Particle inhalation did not affect the expression of CD11b, CD64, CD16, CD14, CD71 on AM, nor was there an effect on phagocytosis or oxidant generation following stimulation with zymosan A. IL-6 and IL-8 levels detected by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay in the BAL were unrelated to inhaled particle levels. The distribution of lymphocyte subsets in blood obtained 18 hr after exposure to CAPS did not differ from that found before exposure. We conclude that ambient air particles are capable of inducing a mild inflammation in the lower respiratory tract but have no effect on immune phenotype or macrophage function under the conditions tested.
Solubilization of Peptides in Water and Hexane: Synthesis of Peptide-Terminated Poly(tert-butyl acrylate) and Poly(acrylic acid) via Living Anionic Polymerization (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolubilization of Peptides in Water and Hexane: Synthesis of Peptide-Terminated Poly(tert-butyl acrylate) and Poly(acrylic acid) via Living Anionic PolymerizationMasataka Kubo, William C. Mollberg, Anne Buyle Padias, H. K. Hall Jr., and Paul CalvertCite this: Macromolecules 1995, 28, 4, 838–843Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00108a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00108a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views435Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Adsorption Behaviors of HiPco Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Aggregates for Alcohol Vapors (2002)

HiPco single-walled carbon nanotubes (HPNTs) containing Fe were purified by a one-step process with HCl-washing (D-method) and a two-step process with HCl-washing after air oxidation (GD-method). The HPNT samples before and after purification were characterized using the N2 adsorption at 77 K, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The TGA results showed a decreased Fe content after purification. In addition, the XPS results provided evidence that oxygen-based functional groups were introduced to the nanotube surface by both purification methods. The purification treatments also altered the N2 adsorption isotherms from type II to type IV; this accompanied the development of microporosity. Thus, purification considerably affects the surface chemistry and pore structures of HPNT aggregates. The effects of purification on the adsorption properties of HPNT aggregates with regard to CH3OH and C2H5OH vapors were examined at 303 K. The purification greatly enhanced the adsorptivity for CH3OH and C2H5OH vapors at 303 K under a low relative pressure. We associated this with the enhanced microporosity and the oxygen-based functional groups introduced on the surface.
Pyramidal defects in metalorganic vapor phase epitaxial Mg doped GaN (2000)

A transmission electron microscopy study of structural defects induced by the introduction of Mg during the growth of metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy GaN is presented. These defects are assumed to be pyramidal inversion domains with an hexagonal base and {112̄3} inclined facets. The tip of the pyramids is always pointing toward the [0001̄] direction, i.e., in a Ga-terminated film, toward the substrate and in a N-terminated film, toward the surface. A chemical quantitative analysis shows that these pyramidal defects are Mg rich. They are present in all the studied films, independent of the doping level.
The Periaqueductal Gray Matter Mediates Opiate-Induced Immunosuppression (1989)

The periaqueductal gray matter of the mesencephalon (PAG) subserves a variety of diverse autonomic functions and also appears to be a site for opiate action in the induction of immunosuppression. Microinjections of morphine into the PAG, but not into other opiate receptor-containing neuroanatomical sites, result in a rapid suppression of natural killer (NK) cell activity. The NK cell suppression can be blocked by prior peripheral administration of the opiate antagonist naltrexone. These findings demonstrate that certain central actions of opiates that produce changes in NK cell function are mediated through opiate receptors in the PAG and identify a brain region involved in opiate regulation of immune function.
Origin Sites of Calcium Release and Calcium Oscillations in Frog Sympathetic Neurons (2000)

In many neurons, Ca(2+) signaling depends on efflux of Ca(2+) from intracellular stores into the cytoplasm via caffeine-sensitive ryanodine receptors (RyRs) of the endoplasmic reticulum. We have used high-speed confocal microscopy to image depolarization- and caffeine-evoked increases in cytoplasmic Ca(2+) levels in individual cultured frog sympathetic neurons. Although caffeine-evoked Ca(2+) wave fronts propagated throughout the cell, in most cells the initial Ca(2+) release was from one or more discrete sites that were several micrometers wide and located at the cell edge, even in Ca(2+)-free external solution. During cell-wide cytoplasmic [Ca(2+)] oscillations triggered by continual caffeine application, the initial Ca(2+) release that began each Ca(2+) peak was from the same subcellular site or sites. The Ca(2+) wave fronts propagated with constant amplitude; the spread was mostly via calcium-induced calcium release. Propagation was faster around the cell periphery than radially inward. Local Ca(2+) levels within the cell body could increase or decrease independently of neighboring regions, suggesting independent action of spatially separate Ca(2+) stores. Confocal imaging of fluorescent analogs of ryanodine and thapsigargin, and of MitoTracker, showed potential structural correlates to the patterns of Ca(2+) release and propagation. High densities of RyRs were found in a ring around the cell periphery, mitochondria in a broader ring just inside the RyRs, and sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase pumps in hot spots at the cell edge. Discrete sites at the cell edge primed to release Ca(2+) from intracellular stores might preferentially convert Ca(2+) influx through a local area of plasma membrane into a cell-wide Ca(2+) increase.
Spin wave wells with multiple states created in small magnetic elements (2004)

In this paper, we report the first observation of several localised spin wave modes corresponding to multiple quantized states in a SWW. We formulate a phase quantization condition that takes into account the phase jumps at the turning points and these conditions are confirmed by the experimental data.
Mild Peroxidative Oxidation of Cyclohexane Catalyzed by Mono‐, Di‐, Tri‐, Tetra‐ and Polynuclear Copper Triethanolamine Complexes (2006)

Abstract The mono‐, di‐, tri‐, tetra‐ and polynuclear copper(II) triethanolamine (H 3 tea) complexes [Cu(H 2 tea)(N 3 )] ( 1 ), [Cu 2 (H 2 tea) 2 (XC 6 H 4 COO) 2 ]⋅2 H 2 O (X=4‐H 2a , 4‐CH 3 2b , 3‐Cl 2c ), [Cu 3 (H 2 tea) 2 (4‐OC 6 H 4 COO) 2 (H 2 O)]⋅4H 2 O ( 3 ), [O⊂Cu 4 (tea) 4 (BOH) 4 ][BF 4 ] 2 ( 4 ) and [Cu 2 (H 2 tea) 2 {μ‐C 6 H 4 (COO) 2 ‐1,4} n ]⋅2 n H 2 O ( 5 ), respectively, are highly active and selective catalysts or catalyst precursors for the peroxidative oxidation of cyclohexane, in acetonitrile, to a cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone mixture, by aqueous hydrogen peroxide in acidic medium (liquid biphasic catalysis) at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The effects on the catalytic activity of various factors, e.g., the relative amounts of cyclohexane, oxidant, catalyst, solvent and nitric acid, reaction time, catalyst recycling and impact of both carbon‐ and oxygen‐centred radical traps (supporting mainly radical mechanisms) were investigated and allowed us to achieve yields and TONs up to ca. 39% and 380, respectively, corresponding to the most active copper systems so far reported for the oxidation of cyclohexane under mild conditions. The catalysts can be reused for recycling and, at least complex 4 maintains almost the same level of activity even after five reaction cycles. The preparation of the new complexes 1, 2b and 2c by self‐assembly at room temperature, and their full characterization by IR spectroscopy, FAB‐MS + , elemental and X‐ray diffraction structural (for 1 and 2c ) analyses are also reported.
Expression and Localization of Carnitine/Organic Cation Transporter OCTN1 and OCTN2 in Ocular Epithelium (2008)

This report is the first to document OCTN1 and OCTN2 expression in human corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells. These findings suggest potential involvement of OCTN1 and OCTN2 in the transport of carnitine in ocular tissues.
Summit oat (2011)

Mitchell Fetch, J. W., Brown, P. D., Ames, N., Chong, J., Fetch, Jr., T. G., Haber, S. M., Menzies, J. G., Tekauz, A., Townley-Smith, T. F. and Stadnyk, K. D. 2011. Summit oat. Can. J. Plant Sci. 91: 787–791. Summit is a white-hulled spring oat (Avena sativa L.) cultivar postulated to carry the crown rust resistance combination Pc38, Pc39, Pc48, and Pc68, which was effective against the prevalent pathotypes of crown rust on the Canadian prairies at the time of its release. It has very good resistance to loose and covered smut, moderately good resistance to most of the prairie stem rust races (likely due to the presence of Pg2 and Pg13) and is resistant to moderately resistant to barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV). Summit has good kernel weight, percent plump kernels, and percent thin kernels. Summit exhibits high yielding capacity in the oat growing areas of western Canada. Summit was registered (Reg. No. 6529) in Canada 2008 November 29.
Numerical modelling of physical characteristics in the neighbourhood of an isolated hydrological section in the Barents Sea (1998)

Article Numerical modelling of physical characteristics in the neighbourhood of an isolated hydrological section in the Barents Sea was published on January 1, 1998 in the journal Russian Journal of Numerical Analysis and Mathematical Modelling (volume 13, issue 6).
<title>Real-time particulate fallout contamination monitoring technology development at NASA Kennedy Space Center</title> (1998)

Two separate real-time particulate fallout monitoring instruments have been developed by the contamination monitoring Laboratory at NASA John F. Kennedy Space Center. These instruments monitor particular fallout contamination deposition rates in cleanrooms and allow certification of cleanliness levels as well as proactive protection of valuable flight hardware.
Studies on Acylase Activity and Microorganisms. X. Enzymatic Resolution of Alloisoleucine by Soil Bacteria, KT 85 (Pseudomonas sp.). (1958)

A strain of soil bacteria, KT 85 (Pseudomonas sp.), asymmetrically hydrolyzed N-acetyl-DL-alloisoleucine to give L-alloisoleucine and N-acetyl-D-alloisoleucine in a good yield.
Development of CO2-Selective Polyimide-Based Gas Separation Membranes Using Crown Ether and Polydimethylsiloxane (2021)

A series of CO<sub>2</sub>-selective polyimides (CE-PDMS-PI-x) was synthesized by copolymerizing crown ether diamine (trans-diamino-DB18C6) and PDMS-diamine with 4,4'-(hexafluoroisopropylidene) di-phthalic anhydride (6FDA) through the polycondensation reaction. The structural characteristics of the copolymers and corresponding membranes were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The effect of PDMS loading on the CE-PDMS-PI-x copolymers was further analyzed and a very good structure-property relationship was found. A well-distributed soft PDMS unit played a key role in the membrane's morphology, in which improved CO<sub>2</sub>-separation performance was observed at a low PDMS content (5 wt %). In contrast, the fine-grained phase separation adversely affected the separation behavior at a certain level of PDMS loading, and the PDMS was found to provide a flexible gas-diffusion path, affecting only the permeability without changing the selective gas-separation performance for the copolymers with a PDMS content of 20% or above.
A Curing Chamber with Air Circulation / Klimakammer mit Luftumwälzung (1961)

For chemical and physical tests samples of homogeneous tobaccos of uniform humidity are required. To this end a curing chamber was constructed allowing conditioning of cigarettes and tobacco in very short time. The new apparatus can also be used for determining the hygroscopic compensation of different blends. Compared with conventional machines operating according to the same principle with pressure reduction, saturated salt solutions and air circulation it offers considerable improvements regarding duration and uniformity of conditioning