gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A study in photonic switched networks considering link failure and ingress buffering (2011)

In this paper we study the behavior of traffic in Metropolitan Access Optical Networks with technologies of optical packet/burst switching (OPS/OBS), using computer modeling and simulations. We analyze network performance and the impact of link failure when electronic buffering at ingress (client input) to optical network is implemented. Mesh and ring topologies are chosen and parameters packet loss fraction and average number of hops are adopted for performance metrics. The use of minimum electronic buffering at ingress is demonstrated to improve access to the optical layer, and necessary to keep the packet loss fraction low and throughput high with low latency. We also show that optical buffering is not necessary for adequate network performance.
The effects of expansion strength on large-scale structures in compressible free shear layers (2001)

Planar visualizations of two compressible free shear layers were performed immediately downstream of centered expansions of differing strengths in order to assess the influence of expansion strength on the embedded large-scale structures. The free shear layers studied here were formed through the separation of an approach flow, either a Mach 2.0 stream or a Mach 2.5 stream, from a planar backstep. In addition to side-view and end-view visualizations, spatial correlations (computed from large image ensembles) and laser Doppler velocimetry surveys of the free shear layers were also examined to discern relationships between the structure dynamics and the underlying pre- and postexpansion velocity fields. The instantaneous images clearly illustrate that ellipsoidal, highly coherent structures were present in both shear layers downstream of the expansion corner. The dissimilar expansion strengths did not appear to produce qualitatively different structures in the shear layers; however, as compared to the weaker expansion, the stronger expansion did result in an increase in the growth rate of the large-scale structures, apparently from an augmentation of the 〈u′v′〉∂U/∂y production term in the TKE equation. Furthermore, quantitative measurements of the mean structure geometry, as determined from the spatial correlation fields, revealed that a stronger expansion strength resulted in a larger aspect ratio of the mean structures (i.e., the structures were stretched preferentially in the streamwise and transverse directions as compared to the spanwise direction during the expansion process). Quadrant decompositions of the instantaneous velocity fluctuations within the approach boundary layers and within the free shear layers indicated a definite increase in structure organization across the expansion region, which is in contrast with studies of expanded supersonic boundary layers without separation. The instantaneous image data, spatial correlations, and velocity decompositions uniformly suggest that the separation process itself, and not the expansion strength, is the primary influence on initial eddy structure in the postexpansion free shear layer.
Computed Tomography to Evaluate Chronic Sinusitis-Reply (1994)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Drs Ferguson and Eibling have raised some important issues with regard to the interpretation of sinus CT scans. The patient we reported had been prepared with a minimum of 3 weeks of antibiotics, oral decongestant, and nasal steroids. In addition, patients received nasal decongestant spray (Afrin) prior to the CT scan. We do not scan patients with an obvious acute infection. By contrast, the patients scanned for the common cold study<sup>1</sup>had received no medications prior to the study and were not given a nasal decongestant. Thus, the results of the two studies are not directly comparable. Nasal cavity disease is read as an overall assessment (unilateral obstruction would score 2). Drs Metson and Gliklich suggest that our data are better explained by nasal polyposis. However, they do not define how nasal polyps were evaluated. Nasal polyps fluctuate notoriously, and clinical evaluation of polyps vs polypoid tissue
Neonatal injection of Lewis rats with recombinant Vβ8.2 induces T cell but not B cell tolerance and increased severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (1996)

In Lewis rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mediated by V beta 8.2 effector cells, anti-idiotypic T cells and antibodies could be boosted by injection of V beta 8.2 peptides, inducing both T cells and antibodies that reduced the severity and shortened the course of disease. However, EAE in Lewis rats is self-limiting, and we sought to determine if the anti-idiotypic response contributed to the natural recovery process. In a previous study, we found that adult tolerance induced to one of the regulatory idiotopes, V beta 8.2-44-54, caused worsening of EAE, implicating response to this epitope in recovery from EAE. However, neonatally-induced tolerance to V beta 8.2-44-54 did not alter the course of EAE, suggesting either compensation by additional V beta 8.2 determinants, or mechanistic differences in tolerization protocols. In this report, we reevaluate the role of V beta 8.2 determinants in recovery from EAE, using two recombinant V beta 8.2 constructs to induce neonatal tolerance to the comprehensive set of V beta 8.2 epitopes prior to adult induction of EAE. We found that neonatal exposure to either of the recombinant V beta 8.2 molecules induced "split" tolerance-specific T cell tolerance but enhanced antibody responses- and a more severe course of EAE. In contrast, neonatal exposure to a V beta 8.2 + T cell hybridoma or a control protein did not induce T cell tolerance to V beta 8.2 determinants and did not alter the EAE disease course. These results are consistent with those obtained by inducing adult tolerance, and suggest that our previous result (normal recovery from EAE in rats neonatally tolerized to V beta 8.2-44-54) was probably due to a compensatory response to other V beta 8.2 determinants. In both studies, the data clearly implicate T cell recognition of V beta 8.2 determinants in the natural EAE recovery process.
Studies in IVth group organometallic chemistry. V: Preparation of some <i>p</i>‐styrenyl‐substituted derivatives of germanium, tin and lead (1960)

Abstract The preparation of triphenylmono‐ and diphenyldi‐ p ‐styrenyl derivatives of germanium, tin and lead is described. The infra‐red spectra of these compounds are discussed.
3D imaging with applications to displays, quantum imaging, optical security, and healthcare (2015)

In this paper, we present an overview of our published work in three dimensional (3D) imaging. We shall overview a variety of our recent research using 3D approaches for visualization and displays, quantum imaging under photon starved conditions, optical security using quantum imaging principles, 3D microscopy and algorithms for automated disease identification, fatigue free augmented reality 3D glasses, and optical security and authentication using photon counting for IC inspection.
Reply to Cormode et al.: High-density lipoprotein mimicking synthetic nanoparticle (2013)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Guidance for Structuring a Pediatric Intermediate Care Unit (2022)

The purpose of this policy statement is to update the 2004 American Academy of Pediatrics clinical report and provide enhanced guidance for institutions, administrators, and providers in the development and operation of a pediatric intermediate care unit (IMCU). Since 2004, there have been significant advances in pediatric medical, surgical, and critical care that have resulted in an evolution in the acuity and complexity of children potentially requiring IMCU admission. A group of 9 clinical experts in pediatric critical care, hospital medicine, intermediate care, and surgery developed a consensus on priority topics requiring updates, reviewed the relevant evidence, and, through a series of virtual meetings, developed the document. The intended audience of this policy statement is broad and includes pediatric critical care professionals, pediatric hospitalists, pediatric surgeons, other pediatric medical and surgical subspecialists, general pediatricians, nurses, social workers, care coordinators, hospital administrators, health care funders, and policymakers, primarily in resource-rich settings. Key priority topics were delineation of core principles for an IMCU, clarification of target populations, staffing recommendations, and payment.
Biodegradation of glyphosate in rhizospheric soil cultivated with Glycine max, Canavalia ensiformis e Stizolobium aterrimum (2009)

Biodegradation of glyphosate was evaluated in rhizospheric soil cultivated with Glycine max (soybean, var. BRS245-RR), Canavalia ensiformis and Stizolobium aterrimum. After these species were cultivated for 60 days, soil samples were collected, placed in flasks and treated with 14C-glyphosate. After 30 days of incubation, the total release rate of C-CO2 was determined along with microbial biomass (MBC), metabolic quotient (qCO2), and degradation percentage of the radio-labeled glyphosate released as 14C-CO2. A higher mass of rhizosphere-associated microorganisms was verified in the soil samples from pots cultivated with soybean, regardless of glyphosate addition. However, in the presence of the herbicide, this characteristic was the most negatively affected. Microorganisms from the C. ensiformis rhizosphere released a lower amount of 14C-CO2, while for those originated from S. aterrimum, the amount released reached 1.3% more than the total carbon derived from the respiratory activity. The rhizospheric soil from S. aterrimum also presented higher glyphosate degradation efficiency per microbial biomass unit. However, considering qCO2, the microbiota of the rhizospheric soil cultivated with soybean was more efficient in herbicide degradation.
Juncus greenei Oakes & Tuck. (2001)

https://thekeep.eiu.edu/herbarium_specimens_byname/6283/thumbnail.jpg
Development of Intracellular Calcium Measurement by Time-resolved Photon-counting Fluorescence (1999)

Calcium green I, a ratiometric probe based on fluorescence lifetime measurements, was used to monitor intracellular calcium activity ([Ca2+]1) in RINm5F cells using a time-resolved fluorescence confocal microscope. The probe affinity constant has been recalibrated in single cells using ionomycin as a calcium ionophore and eth-ylenebis(oxyethylenenitrilo)tetraacetic acid as a calcium buffer; KA was found to equal 150 nmol/L. The kinetics of ionomycin equilibration showed that the calcium release from calcium stores occurs before equilibration with extracellular calcium. The response to the muscarinic agonist carbachol, measured on 17 cells receiving three consecutive applications was characterized both by a [Ca2+]1 peak lasting 50 s without any trailing plateau and by desensitization with a 30% decrease in the response. The dose-dependent response was obtained for a carbachol concentration from 5 μmol/L to 0.5 mmol/L. The ability of our set-up to obtain a value every 10 ms enabled us to record asynchronous spikes of [Ca2+]1 in the RINm5F cells. The spikes, lasting less than 1 s, are significantly bigger than the noise, and they are not observed in the colonic HT29 cells.
Speech synthesis using warped linear prediction and neural networks (2002)

A text-to-speech synthesis technique, based on warped linear prediction (WLP) and neural networks, is presented for high-quality individual sounding synthetic speech. Warped linear prediction is used as a speech production model with wide audio bandwidth yet with highly compressed control parameter data. An excitation codebook, inverse filtered from a target speaker's voice, is applied to obtain individual tone quality. A set of neural networks, specialized to yield synthesis control parameters from phonemic input in specific contexts, generate the detailed parametric controls of WLP. Neural nets are also used successfully to compute the prosodic parameters. We have applied this approach in prototyping highly improved text-to-speech synthesis for the Finnish language.
ChemInform Abstract: OXIDATION OF STATINE‐CONTAINING PEPTIDES TO KETONE ANALOGS VIA NOVEL PEPTIDE SULFONIUM YLIDES (1983)

Abstract Aus den Statin‐Peptiden (I) ((3S′,4S)‐4‐Amino‐3‐hydroxy‐6‐ methyl‐heptansäure = Statin) erhält man bei der Oxidation mit Dimethylstilfoxid/Pyridin/SO3/NEt3 als Oxidationsprodukte die 2‐Dimethylsulfoniumylid‐Staton‐Derivate (II).
Application of Structured Singular Value Synthesis to a Fighter Aircraft (1992)

The results of a design study to examine the control of a fighter aircraft at high angles of attack are presented. The flight condition considered represents an extreme point along a demanding large angle maneuver. Control laws are developed for a linear model of the aircraft using structure singular value synthesis to take the parameter uncertainty structure into account. The control objective is to attain acceptable flying qualities despite variations and uncertainty in the aircraft's aerodynamic coefficients. Desired flying qualities are embedded in ideal models of the angle of attack, sideslip angle, and stability axis roll rate responses to pilot inputs. The control objective is met by minimizing the weighted error between the ideal model outputs and the plant outputs while including structured parameter uncertainty in the design model.
A Novel Microcellular Propagation Model Based on Uniform Theory of Diffraction and Physical Optics (2008)

A Novel Microcellular Propagation Model Based on Uniform Theory of Diffraction and Physical Optics
Uplink admission control for conversational services using information from many cells (2002)

The 3G cellular mobile systems based on WCDMA technology are expected to be interference limited. In this case, the radio resource availability in a cell will depend on the number and the type of users in both that cell and the surrounding cells. Consequently, heavier traffic may be allowed in a cell without quality degradation, if there is less traffic in the surrounding cells. This paper presents two uplink session admission control algorithms that exploit the natural traffic variation between cells, using a mechanism for exchanging information between cells. The first algorithm is based on an empirical model of the total power received by a base station, while the second is a suboptimal version of the first. Results from simulated scenarios show that user quality can be maintained while unnecessary call blocking is avoided, which can lead to a capacity increase of 10-20% even if a suboptimal approach is taken.
Understanding short channel mobility degradation by accurate external resistance decomposition and intrinsic mobility extraction (2015)

An intrinsic short channel mobility extraction method is proposed by measuring two short-channel devices with different channel lengths and the same source/drain and contact geometry. The constant and dynamic components of external resistance are separated. Short-channel mobility degradation is observed and its origin is studied. The possible causes of the halo doping and the non-uniformity of the inversion layer charge are accounted for. The weaker temperature dependence of short channel devices indicates that the short channel mobility degradation may result from some combination of defect-induced and Coulomb-induced scattering near the S/D regions, differing in severity between NFETs and PFETs which employ, respectively, ion implant and embedded epitaxy as the primary component of S/D design.
Actions of platelet-activating factor on isolated rat hearts. (1991)

The actions of Platelet-Activating Factor (PAF) on isolated rat hearts were investigated. In a dose-dependent manner PAF decreased peak systolic pressure and maximum rate of rise of intraventricular pressure (+dP/dt(max]. PAF dose-dependently decreased coronary flow, prolonged the P-R interval of the EKG, and decreased heart rate. These actions of PAF were only partially blocked by drugs blocking receptors for PAF (CV 3988, WEB 2086), thromboxanes (ONO 3708), or leukotrienes (FPL 55712, L-655,240) or by a blocker of eicosanoid production (ibuprofen). Since depressed contractions will of themselves reduce coronary flow, PAF's action on flow was also investigated in hearts whose contractions were blocked by elevated potassium concentrations plus tetrodotoxin. Such treatment did not prevent PAF reducing coronary flow, indicating that a direct vasoconstriction occurred. The reductions in coronary flow in non-contracting hearts induced by PAF were equal to those induced by the coronary vasoconstrictors vasopressin and ergonovine under the same conditions. In order to isolate direct effects of PAF on myocardial contractile cells from effects mediated via changes in coronary flow, PAF was given to hearts maximally dilated by a concentration of nifedipine (0.03 microM) which had no effect on contractility. This concentration of nifedipine increased flow from 15.5 +/- 1.4 mL/min to 18.1 +/- 2.4 mL/min. In the presence of this nifedipine-induced vasodilation, PAF still exhibited negative inotropic actions, but without reducing coronary flow. Thus the effects of PAF on isolated rat hearts involve direct actions on both myocardial contracting cells and on coronary vessels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
[Role of antigens and adjuvant substances in the histological response in experimental granulomas (immunogenic granuloma)]. (1977)

The injection in rabbits of vaccinal antigens combined with immunity adjuvants (in particular calcium phosphate) causes a local lesion in which it is possible to recognize histologically, after a transitory afflux of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, a central area of adjuvant deposit, a middle area of histiocytes and monocytes, and a peripheral immunogenic area of lymphocytes and plasmocytes. These two cellular zones are rich in highly fluorescent cells in the presence of an antiglobulin serum with an embedding technique which respects to the upmost the structures and immunoreactivity of the cells. These histological features are not completely observed on the separate injection of antigen or adjuvant. They must be interpreted, after a fleeting non-specific reaction, while taking into account the still poorly understood method of action of the inorganic adjuvant and spread of the antigen in the organism.
Mitochondrial dysfunctions in circulating T lymphocytes from human immunodeficiency virus-1 carriers [see comments] (1995)

In several models of lymphocyte apoptosis, two alterations of mitochondrial function precede advanced DNA fragmentation: (1) a reduction of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (delta psi m) and (2) an increase in mitochondrial generation of superoxide anion. Here we show that two fluorochromes allow for the identification of analogous mitochondrial perturbations in circulating T lymphocytes from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1+ donors. The first among these fluorochromes, the cationic lipophilic dye DiOC6(3), measures delta psi m; the second marker, hydroethidine (HE), is nonfluorescent, unless it is oxidized by superoxide anions to the product ethidium (Eth). CD4+ or CD8+ cells from clinically asymptomatic HIV-1 carriers contain a significantly elevated percentage of cells endowed with enhanced HE --> Eth conversion and/or reduced DiOC6(3) uptake as compared with normal controls. Phenotypic characterization of (HE --> Eth)high cells from HIV+ donors shows that these cells possess a low delta psi m, thus demonstrating a functional alteration of mitochondria. In addition, (HE --> Eth)high cells display a reduced incorporation of the cardiolipin-specific dye nonyl-acridine orange (NAO), showing a structural defect of the cardiolipin-containing inner mitochondrial membrane. Control experiments involving rotenone, an inhibitor of the respiratory chain complex I, indicate that the reactive oxygen species responsible for HE --> Eth conversion is generated during mitochondrial electron transport. In synthesis, it appears that mitochondrial alterations occur in a significant percentage of circulating T lymphocytes from HIV-1 carriers. The extent of delta psi m reduction, as determined ex vivo, correlates with the frequency of cells undergoing DNA fragmentation after overnight in vitro culture. These observations may be important for the understanding and for the direct ex vivo quantitation of HIV-triggered lymphocyte destruction.
A Multi-Stage Slotted Blade Axial Flow Pump (1966)

A multi-stage axial flow pump offers the possibility of savings in space and weight and permits a compact arrangement. The use of slotted blades results in a high pressure rise per stage, thus reducing the necessary number of stages. Analysis of a single-stage pump, with regard to many potential effects of cavitation and flow analysis of the liquid passing through the slot, was made. The same unit was also analyzed with regard to performance both in water and air at respectively lower Reynolds numbers. Subsequently, a nine-stage pump was designed, built, and tested. In this arrangement an evaluation of blade numbers in both stators and impeller was analyzed. The test data showed an unusual phenomenon of increased pressure coefficient as compared with single-stage data.
Oxidized AlGaAs angle reflector and waveguide for optical interconnects (2004)

A novel oxidized AlGaAs angle reflector and waveguide for optical interconnects has been designed and fabricated. Successful transmission of the fundamental mode at 1.55 µm from in-plane to out-of-plane has been demonstrated.
Sharelog (2006)

In this paper, we propose to use a digital private item to interact with media art works. And we make it clear that such object is very effective to generate communication.
Cellular and molecular approaches to osteoporosis (1995)

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