gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deterministic point processes generated by threshold crossings: Dynamics reconstruction and chaos control (1997)

We consider chaotic point processes generated by threshold crossings in deterministic dynamical systems. Specifically, we assume that an event occurs every time a scalar function of a continuous chaotic trajectory crosses a preset threshold from a given direction. It is shown that, although the times between successive crossings, called interspike intervals here, are not sufficient to fully reconstruct the global dynamics of the original continuous system, they nevertheless provide enough information for an estimate of dynamical invariants such as correlation dimension. In addition, it is argued that, with a suitably chosen threshold, converting a continuous trajectory to an interspike interval time series preserves periodic orbit information and facilitates the implementation and achievement of chaos control. We demonstrate the ideas by conducting numerical experiments on two systems: the Lorenz model and a coupled Duffing oscillator.
Semi-supervised multi-label learning with incomplete labels (2015)

The problem of incomplete labels is frequently encountered in many application domains where the training labels are obtained via crowd-sourcing. The label incompleteness significantly increases the difficulty of acquiring accurate multi-label prediction models. In this paper, we propose a novel semi-supervised multi-label method that integrates low-rank label matrix recovery into the manifold regularized vector-valued prediction framework to address multi-label learning with incomplete labels. The proposed method is formulated as a convex but non-smooth joint optimization problem over the latent label matrix and the prediction model parameters. We then develop a fast proximal gradient descent with continuation algorithm to solve it for a global optimal solution. The efficacy of the proposed approach is demonstrated on multiple multi-label datasets, comparing to related methods that handle incomplete labels.
Efficient detection and signal parameter estimation with applications to high dynamic GPS receivers (1990)

The author presents a technique for simultaneously detecting data and estimating the parameters of a receiver carrier signal phase that is modulated by unknown data and experiencing very high Doppler, Doppler rate, etc. Such a situation arises, for example, in the case of the Global Positioning System (GPS), where the signal parameters are directly related to the position, velocity, and acceleration of the GPS receiver. The proposed scheme is based upon first estimating the received signal local (data-dependent) parameters over two consecutive bit periods, followed by detecting a possible jump in these parameters. The presence of the detected jump signifies a data transition which is then removed from the received signal. This effectively demodulated signal is then processed to provide the estimates of global (data-independent) parameters of the signal related to the position, velocity, etc. of the receiver.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Effect of Whey Protein Isolate-Dextran Conjugates on the Freeze-Thaw Stability of Oil-in-Water Emulsions (2010)

Abstract This study examines the impact of Maillard-type conjugates formed between whey protein isolate (WPI) and the nonionic polysaccharide dextran by dry heating at 80°C for 2 hours (conjugate 1) and at 60°C for 5 days (conjugate 2) on the freeze-thaw stability of oil-in-water emulsions. Emulsions stabilized with WPI, WPI-dextran mixture, conjugates 1 and 2, were prepared using microfluidizer, respectively, and then subjected to from one to three freeze-thaw cycles (−18°C for 22 hours, +40°C for 2 hours). The emulsion stability to freeze-thaw processing was assessed by zeta potential, average particle size, polydispersity index (PDI) and backscattering profile by a recently developed optical analyzer (Turbiscan). Results demonstrated that WPI-dextran conjugates brought about a remarkable improvement in freeze-thaw stabilizing properties when compared with WPI or WPI-dextran mixture which can be attributed to the enhancement of repulsive steric forces between the oil droplets as a result of dextran overlapping the thicker interfacial coatings surrounding the oil droplets. The conjugate 2 stabilized emulsion showed much better stability after freeze-thaw cycling than the conjugate 1 probably due to the higher extent of conjugation. Keywords: Dextranemulsionfreeze-thaw stabilityMaillard-type conjugateswhey protein isolate Acknowledgments This research was funded by the National Key Technology R&D Program of the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology (2006BAD27B04).
Saponins from Panax japonicus Protect Against Alcohol-Induced Hepatic Injury in Mice by Up-regulating the Expression of GPX3, SOD1 and SOD3 (2010)

SPJ plays an important role in the protection of the structure and function of hepatic mitochondria and karyon by directly scavenging reactive oxygen species/free radicals and up-regulating the expression of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GPX and CAT), especially to GPX3, SOD1 and SOD3.
Antioxidant Response to NaCl Stress in a Control and an NaCl-Tolerant Cotton Cell Line Grown in the Presence of Paraquat, Buthionine Sulfoximine, and Exogenous Glutathione (1996)

A cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) control and NaCl-tolerant cell line (cv Coker 312) were grown on media with or without NaCl in the presence or absence of paraquat, buthionine sulfoximine, and oxidized glutathione. On medium with 150 mM NaCl the NaCl-tolerant cell line exhibited no reduction in growth, whereas a 96% reduction was observed in the control line. The NaCl-tolerant cell line that was grown on 150 mM NaCl exhibited significantly greater catalase (341%), peroxidase (319%), glutathione reductase (287%), ascorbate peroxidase (450%), [gamma]-glutamylcysteine synthetase (224%), and glutathione S-transferase (500%) activities than the intolerant control. The NaCl-tolerant cell line had a significantly lower dehydroascorbic acid/ascorbic acid ratio. Paraquat reduced growth by 20 and 53.7%, respectively, in the NaCl-tolerant and control cell line. The NaCl-tolerant cell line also showed a slight tolerance to buthionine sulfoximine. In the buthionine sulfoximine experiments reduced glutathione restored growth in both cell lines, whereas oxidized glutathione restored growth only in the NaCl-tolerant cell line. These data indicate that the NaCl-tolerant cell line exhibited a cross-tolerance to a variety of stress variables and had a more active ascorbate-glutathione cycle.
TDNN labeling for a HMM recognizer (2002)

A system which combines the good short-time classification properties of the time delay neural network (TDNN) with the good integration and overall recognition capabilities of hidden Markov models (HMMs) is proposed for a speaker-independent speech recognizer. The standard vector quantization is replaced by a TDNN labeler giving phonelike labels. In order to avoid hand segmentation for the training of the TDNN, a separate HMM and a Viterbi alignment derived from it are used. This gives a coarse phonetic segmentation of the training data.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The diagnostic value of circulating stanniocalcin‐1 mRNA in non‐small cell lung cancer (2011)

These findings support our hypothesis that circulating STC1 mRNA is a promising biomarker in the peripheral blood.
Multichannel acousto-optic crossbar switch with arbitrary signal fan-out (1992)

We propose an N x N acousto-optic switch architecture capable of arbitrary signal fan-out with O(N logN) hardware complexity. We also investigate the impact of signal fan-out on loss and cross talk.
Recent Progress in Liposome Production, Relevance to Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine (2015)

From their discovery half a century ago and the subsequent appreciation of their clinical utility, liposomes currently hold a recognized position in the mainstream of drug delivery systems. Conventional techniques for liposome preparation and size reduction are simple to implement and do not require sophisticated equipment. However, most of them are not easy to scale-up for industrial liposome production. With several liposomal formulations already on the market, and more in final clinical trials, the industrial scale production of liposomes has become reality, and so the range of liposome preparation methods has been extended by a number of techniques which are increasingly attractive, such as microfluidic hydrodynamic focusing, supercritical fluid processing, freeze-drying and spray-drying. Some of these new techniques generally represent advancements of the conventional methods allowing for scale-up, better reproducibility and process control. This review summarizes patents in the last decade offering new techniques for production of liposomes as related to their application in drug delivery.
Contact mechanics of metal-on-metal hip implants employing a metallic cup with a UHMWPE backing (2003)

The contact mechanics in metal-on-metal hip implants employing a cobalt chromium acetabular cup with an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) backing were analysed in the present study using the finite element method. A general modelling methodology was developed to examine the effects of the interfacial boundary conditions between the UHMWPE backing and a titanium shell for cementless fixation, the coefficient of friction and the loading angle on the predicted contact pressure distribution at the articulating surfaces. It was found that the contact mechanics at the bearing surfaces were significantly affected by the UHMWPE backing. Consequently, a relatively constant pressure distribution was predicted within the contact conjunction, and the maximum contact pressure occurred towards the edge of the contact. On the other hand, the interfacial boundary condition between the UHMWPE backing and the titanium shell, the coefficient of friction and the loading angle were found to have a negligible effect on the contact mechanics at the bearing surfaces. Overall, the magnitude of the contact pressure was significantly reduced, compared with a similar cup without the UHMWPE backing. The importance of the UHMWPE backing on the tribological performance of metal-on-metal hip implants is discussed.
The Electrolytic Reduction of Amides: I . <i>N,N</i>‐Dimethylvaleramide and Acetanilide (1943)

The electrolytic reductions of N,N ‐dimethylvaleramide to N,N ‐dimethylamylamine and of acetanilide to ethylaniline in sulfuric acid solutions were studied at cathodes of cadmium, tin, lead, mercury, zinc, aluminum, bismuth, copper, nickel, iron, and cobalt. The best yields of N,N ‐dimethylamylamine were obtained at a lead cathode. Cadmium and zinc showed some activity. The best yield of ethylaniline was, again, obtained at a lead cathode. The only other active cathode was cadmium. The influence of the physical condition of the surface of the cathode is discussed.
A Spot Diagram Generator for Lens Testing (1968)

Abstract An instrument is described for measuring the geometrical aberrations of a lens. The instrument operates by scanning the lens pupil with a ‘ray’ of light and measuring the coordinates of the ray intersection points in the image plane using a position-sensitive photocell. The ray intersection points are displayed as a spot diagram on a cathode ray tube. Up to 300 rays are traced through the lens in under 1 sec. Facilities are included for automatically counting the total number of rays traced through the lens as well as the number intersecting the image plane within an area defined by four adjustable boundaries. Two detectors are available for the instrument, one covers the visible spectrum and the other the near infra-red.
Comparative stydy of various drug regimens in vitiligo (1993)

100 cases of vitiligo were treated with topical 0.25% fluocinolone acetonide and topical placental extract. To these we added levamisole (Regimen I); systemic betamethasone and levamisole (Regimen II), oral psoralen (Regimen III) and oral psoralen plus oral betamethasone (Regimen IV). Treatment continued for 6-12 months. Results in the regimen II and IV were found be very good. Recurrence with oral steroid was noted. Levamisole showed marked response.
Integrated environment for power quality monitoring and simulation analysis (2008)

In this thesis, various Internet technologies are examined and are employed to establish an open environment to accomodate the need to combine the measurement activity with the simulation analysis.
An 18.7mW 10-GHz Phase-Locked Loop Circuit in 0.13-&#x00B5;m CMOS (2009)

This paper presents a 10-GHz phase-locked loop (PLL) design with low power for high speed networking. A mixed design of Current Mode Logic (CML) and True Single Phase Clock (TSPC) logic is presented to reduce the power consumption of the frequency divider. With gain-boosting design in the charge pump leads to low jitter and low reference spur. An additional diversity of VCO by user body bias is proposed to improve KVCO. The PLL circuit is fabricated in TSMC 0.13µm RF CMOS process. The chip occupies 1.03 × 0.91 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , draws less than 18.7mW from a 1.2V supply, and is −117.43dBc/Hz at an offset frequency of 1MHz from the carrier.
Deep learning for texture classification via multi-wavelet fusion of scattering transforms (2017)

Deep learning methods have recently made a significant breakthrough in many classification problems. Deep convolutional networks realize the possibility of building large-scale data representations with multiple processing layers. A scattering transform is an effective and relatively recent deep convolutional network that builds large-scale informative representations by cascading linear and nonlinear operators in multiple layers. However, experimental results show that scattering coefficients have a significantly low energy at higher layers and subsequently have little impact on classification results. In this paper, we propose a multi-wavelet fusion-based architecture to improve the error of classification by using scattering transforms. The method effectively increases the energy of scattering coefficients at higher levels via a further step of applying a linear operator followed by a nonlinear operator. Our experimental results showed that the proposed method achieves better classification results compared to the original scattering transform, and thus can be used as an effective method for texture classification problems.
Improving the scan performance of probe-fed microstrip patch arrays on high dielectric constant substrates (1995)

This paper presents a thorough investigation into the use of E-plane parasitic elements to remove scan blindness in probe-fed microstrip patch phased arrays using a rigorous full-wave analysis. It is shown that the addition of an E-plane parasitic element in the unit cell of the array can enhance the impedance scanning range; however, the parasitic element must be resonating. As a consequence of this, the method of scan blindness removal is only suited to microstrip patch arrays mounted on high dielectric constant material. A novel configuration incorporating a varactor diode to reduce the significant reactive nature of the input impedance at large scan angles is introduced which further improves the scanning potential of the parasitic element array. A further modification to the unit cell is proposed which allows the array to operate over a broad frequency range. For all the configurations considered, comparisons of active reflection coefficient, scan impedance behavior, efficiency, and cross-polarization levels are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Carbodiimide Induced Cross-Linking, Ligand Addition, and Degradation in Gelatin (2015)

The water-soluble carbodiimide, 1-ethyl-3-(3-(dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide (EDC) is widely used in protein chemistry. We used EDC-induced gelatin cross-linking as a model for amide bond formation to resolve reaction ambiguities with common variables of buffers, gelatin concentration, and pH. Percentage changes in SEC high molecular weight peak areas were used to follow the reactions. Differences in reaction rate and extent were observed with four commonly used buffers, while differences in extent were observed for commonly used concentrations and pH. We also investigated an anhydride mechanism for aqueous EDC-induced amide bond formation that has received little attention since its proposal in 1995. Gelatin carboxyl groups had a synergistic role during the addition of hydrazine to corroborate the anhydride formation between carboxyl groups. EDC-induced degradation of gelatin was investigated using percentage changes in SEC low molecular weight peak areas. The degradation occurred in excess EDC at neutral to alkaline pH and was enhanced substantially when reacting amino groups were not available. A mechanism of EDC-induced gelatin degradation is proposed and designated the extended Khorana mechanism. This EDC side reaction has the potential to occur in peptides and proteins under similar conditions.
Unterwegs in einer fremdgewordenen Welt. Zur Konjunktur des Reisemotivs im Umkreis der ›jungen Generation‹ am Ende der Weimarer Republik (1995)

Im Nachwort zu der erfolgreichen Anthologie jüngster Lyrik, in der viele junge Autoren 1927 ihre ersten Gedichte veröffentlicht haben, hat der Herausgeber Klaus Mann festzustellen versucht, was die Debutanten von älteren Kollegen unterscheidet. Das verbindende Merkmal erkennt er darin, daß die jungen Schriftsteller alle einer Generation angehören, die zwischen der Jahrhundertwende und dem Ersten Weltkrieg geboren ist. Damit meint er nicht die eher banale Tatsache, daß junge Autoren im allgemeinen in etwa gleich alt sind. Das Geburtsdatum ist für ihn nicht der kleinste gemeinsame Nenner, auf dem er seine Argumentation im Nachwort mangels anderer Übereinstimmungen aufbaut. Seiner Ansicht nach zeichnet die Gruppe junger Autoren als ›junge Generation‹ oder ›Jüngste Generation‹ aus, daß sie nicht wie ihre älteren Kollegen ein gemeinsames politisches oder ästhetisches Programm haben. Die Schriftsteller verbindet eine allgemeine Orientierungslosigkeit und Verwirrtheit: Glauben wir uns nicht über die Richtung auch noch im unklaren zu sein — verbindend ist auch die Richtungslosigkeit, , und sei es, daß uns nur unsere Verwirrtheit vereine. Ist uns sogar das noch nicht gemeinsam, das uns erst zur Gemeinschaft weihen könnte, so ist es doch das Suchen nach einem Ziel.
Structure and Kinetics of Monofunctional Proline Dehydrogenase from Thermus thermophilus (2007)

Proline dehydrogenase (PRODH) and Delta(1)-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase (P5CDH) catalyze the two-step oxidation of proline to glutamate. They are distinct monofunctional enzymes in all eukaryotes and some bacteria but are fused into bifunctional enzymes known as proline utilization A (PutA) in other bacteria. Here we report the first structure and biochemical data for a monofunctional PRODH. The 2.0-A resolution structure of Thermus thermophilus PRODH reveals a distorted (betaalpha)(8) barrel catalytic core domain and a hydrophobic alpha-helical domain located above the carboxyl-terminal ends of the strands of the barrel. Although the catalytic core is similar to that of the PutA PRODH domain, the FAD conformation of T. thermophilus PRODH is remarkably different and likely reflects unique requirements for membrane association and communication with P5CDH. Also, the FAD of T. thermophilus PRODH is highly solvent-exposed compared with PutA due to a 4-A shift of helix 8. Structure-based sequence analysis of the PutA/PRODH family led us to identify nine conserved motifs involved in cofactor and substrate recognition. Biochemical studies show that the midpoint potential of the FAD is -75 mV and the kinetic parameters for proline are K(m) = 27 mm and k(cat) = 13 s(-1). 3,4-Dehydro-l-proline was found to be an efficient substrate, and l-tetrahydro-2-furoic acid is a competitive inhibitor (K(I) = 1.0 mm). Finally, we demonstrate that T. thermophilus PRODH reacts with O(2) producing superoxide. This is significant because superoxide production underlies the role of human PRODH in p53-mediated apoptosis, implying commonalities between eukaryotic and bacterial monofunctional PRODHs.
LSSOL (Version 1.0): a Fortran Package for Constrained Linear Least-Squares and Convex Quadratic Programming. User's Guide. (1986)

This report forms the user's guide for Version 1.0 of LSSOL, a set of Fortran 77 subroutines for linearly constrained linear least-squares and convex quadratic programming. The method of LSSOL is of the two-phase, active-set type, and is related to the method used in the package SOL/QPSOL. Two main features of LSSOL are its exploitation of convexity and treatment of singularity. LSSOL may also be used for linear programming, and to find a feasible point with respect to a set of linear inequality constraints. LSSOL treats all matrices as dense, and hence is not intended for large sparse problems. Keywords: Algorithms; Parameters; Optimization; Linear programming; Mathematical software. (Author)
On the definition and interpretation of voice selective activation in the temporal cortex (2014)

Regions along the superior temporal sulci and in the anterior temporal lobes have been found to be involved in voice processing. It has even been argued that parts of the temporal cortices serve as voice-selective areas. Yet, evidence for voice-selective activation in the strict sense is still missing. The current fMRI study aimed at assessing the degree of voice-specific processing in different parts of the superior and middle temporal cortices. To this end, voices of famous persons were contrasted with widely different categories, which were sounds of animals and musical instruments. The argumentation was that only brain regions with statistically proven absence of activation by the control stimuli may be considered as candidates for voice-selective areas. Neural activity was found to be stronger in response to human voices in all analyzed parts of the temporal lobes except for the middle and posterior STG. More importantly, the activation differences between voices and the other environmental sounds increased continuously from the mid-posterior STG to the anterior MTG. Here, only voices but not the control stimuli excited an increase of the BOLD response above a resting baseline level. The findings are discussed with reference to the function of the anterior temporal lobes in person recognition and the general question on how to define selectivity of brain regions for a specific class of stimuli or tasks. In addition, our results corroborate recent assumptions about the hierarchical organization of auditory processing building on a processing stream from the primary auditory cortices to anterior portions of the temporal lobes.
Interactive Clustering of Video Segments for Media Structuring (2005)

Structuring video data is necessary for its effective retrieval and summarization. In particular, collecting similar scenes from semantic aspects highly contributes to the structuring. In this paper, we propose a method of clustering the scenes with relevance feedback, which may be able to bridge the gap between the video data and its semantics. First, spatio-temporal video segments of a fixed length are clustered according to image features of each segment. Then, a user performs feedback to the results of clustering, whether each segment is relevant to the cluster it belongs. The clustering accuracy can be improved through the interaction based on the feedback information. For diverse kinds of video streams, we investigated how the feedback should be given and demonstrated the effectiveness of the interactive clustering