gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Semisynthetic Chlorophyll Derivatives Toward Solar Energy Applications (2020)

Plenty of thin‐film solar cell technologies using organic materials have been developed to alleviate energy shortages. As developing devices for solar energy applications, artificial photosynthesis is a trend inspired from natural photosynthesis. Although the sophisticated system that exists in nature is fascinating, the development of photovoltaic devices focusing on the usage of natural chlorophylls has been quite limited, compared with the application of other counterparts such as artificial porphyrins or phthalocyanines. Herein, the development of semisynthetic chlorophyll derivatives as functional materials for solar cells are focused on. (Bacterio)chlorins possessing a carboxylic acid moiety as a binding site to semiconductors are synthesized to improve the efficiencies of dye‐sensitized solar cells, which are now leading to another application: photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution. In contrast, derivatives without a carboxy group can be applied to organic solar cells. As for the application for perovskite solar cells, self‐assembling aggregates of a kind of derivatives are proven to be suitable as hole‐transporting materials. In addition, a new type of solid‐state biosolar cells is proposed, in which chlorophyll derivatives act solely as the photoactive materials. This Report can enlarge the scope of advanced functional materials in the field of solar energy applications.
Quasi One-Dimensional Unsteady Modeling of External Compression Supersonic Inlets (2012)

The AeroServoElasticity task under the NASA Supersonics Project is developing dynamic models of the propulsion system and the vehicle in order to conduct research for integrated vehicle dynamic performance.As part of this effort, a nonlinear quasi 1-dimensional model of an axisymmetric external compression supersonic inlet is being developed.The model utilizes compressible flow computational fluid dynamics to model the internal inlet segment as well as the external inlet portion between the cowl lip and normal shock, and compressible flow relations with flow propagation delay to model the oblique shocks upstream of the normal shock.The external compression portion between the cowl-lip and the normal shock is also modeled with leaking fluxes crossing the sonic boundary, with a moving CFD domain at the normal shock boundary.This model has been verified in steady state against tunnel inlet test data and it's a first attempt towards developing a more comprehensive model for inlet dynamics.
Fast motion estimation using Bidirectional Gradient Methods (2002)

Gradient based motion estimation techniques (GM) are considered to be in the heart of state-of-the-art registration algorithms [2], being able to account for both pixel and subpixel registration and to handle various motion models (translation, rotation, affine, projective). These methods estimate the motion between two images based on the local changes in the image intensities while assuming image smoothness. This paper introduces two new bidirectional formulations of the GM, improving the convergence properties for large motions. Experimental results demonstrate the applicability of these algorithms to real images.
Carbon nanotubes for desalination – an innovative material with enormous potential (2013)

This article aims to provide an insight into the use of carbon nanotubes to enhance the performance of available sea-water and brackish water desalination systems in a holistic manner. It looks at current hurdles and future challenges that relate to the use of this material.
Broadband Video Streaming with Built-In Resiliency (2011)

Mobile TV services are being actively developed for a variety of last hop, broadband wireless technologies. Application layer error control mechanisms such as Broadband Video Streaming seek to reduce packet loss from raw UDP transport. This paper goes further than existing streaming protocols by integrating source-coded error resilience through data-partitioning and intra-refresh macroblocks with the error control mechanism. Results show that for a temporally complex sequence, up to 6.23 dB gain in video quality (PSNR) can result, depending on burst error lengths across an IEEE 802.16e link.
Kasabach-Merritt Phenomenon: Classic Presentation and Management Options (2017)

Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP) is a rare consumptive coagulopathy associated with specific vascular tumors, kaposiform hemangioendothelioma, and tufted angioma. Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon, characterized by profound thrombocytopenia, hypofibrinogenemia, elevated fibrin split products, and rapid tumor growth, can be life-threatening. Severe symptomatic anemia may also be present. With prompt diagnosis and management, KMP can resolve and vascular tumors have been shown to regress. This review highlights the clinical presentation, histopathology, management, and treatment of KMP associated with kaposiform hemangioendothelioma, and less frequently tufted angioma. A classic clinical case is described to illustrate the presentation and our management of a patient with KMP.
Abstract B127: Tumor eradication in a murine model of glioma with vaccination and anti-CTLA-4 but not anti-PD-1 (2016)

Abstract Vaccine-mediated cancer treatment is generally insufficient to bestow long-term survival unless suppressive mechanisms are overcome. Given the success of antibody-mediated immune checkpoint blockade in relieving suppression of anti-tumor T cell responses that develop naturally in tumor-burdened hosts, we investigated whether checkpoint blockade can be used to improve the efficacy of vaccine-induced T cell responses. Combining an adjuvanted whole-cell vaccine with antibodies to cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (α-CTLA-4) resulted in regression of established intracranial tumors, whereas neither treatment was effective as a monotherapy. In contrast, combining the vaccine with antibodies to programmed death-1 (α-PD-1) failed to provide any survival advantage despite α-PD-1 being effective against the same tumor implanted subcutaneously, which was attributed to poor access of α-PD-1 to T cell effectors in the brain. The effective combination of vaccine and α-CTLA-4 was associated with enhanced proliferation and accumulation of T cells in the lymphoid tissues without any obvious changes in the stimulatory function of antigen-presenting cells or the number of regulatory T cells, suggesting recently primed T cells were the targets of checkpoint inhibition. While tumors regressing under this combined treatment were highly infiltrated with a variety of leukocytes, tumor eradication was strictly dependent on CD4+ T cells. These results demonstrate that vaccination can be combined effectively with checkpoint blockade to induce effective T cell-mediated responses against glioma. However, new strategies are required to improve access of inhibitors to the brain if immune checkpoints on intratumoral effector cells are to be targeted. Citation Format: Cameron S. Field, Martin K. Hunn, Peter M. Ferguson, Hideo Yagita, Ian F. Hermans, Lindsay R. Ancelet. Tumor eradication in a murine model of glioma with vaccination and anti-CTLA-4 but not anti-PD-1. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the CRI-CIMT-EATI-AACR Inaugural International Cancer Immunotherapy Conference: Translating Science into Survival; September 16-19, 2015; New York, NY. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2016;4(1 Suppl):Abstract nr B127.
Role of Endothelin in Spontaneous Phasic Contraction of Human Coronary Arteries (1995)

Summary: Isolated human coronary arteries are known to develop spontaneous phasic contractions (SPCs). The goal of the present study was to assess the role of endothelin (ET) in these contractions. Endothelium-denuded rings from left anterior descending (LAD) coronary arteries of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD; n - 3) undergoing cardiac transplantation developed SPCs within 1–2 h. The contractions were abolished by the ETA receptor antagonist BQ-123 or the mixed ET receptor antagonist bosentan (1 and 3 μM), whereas the contractions persisted for several hours in control rings. Exogenous ET-1 (10 pM) increased the amplitude of SPCs and initiated SPCs in rings that did not exhibit SPCs. Higher concentrations of ET-1 (≥1 nM) were able to re-induce SPC in rings in which SPCs had been abolished by BQ-123 or bosentan. These results suggest that ET plays an important role in spontaneous phasic contractions of isolated human coronary artery rings.
Pulmonary Hypertension Complicating Bone Marrow Transplantation for Idiopathic Myelofibrosis (2004)

Idiopathic myelofibrosis is a rare hematologic disorder that is occasionally associated with pulmonary hypertension and has been cured with bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Most cases occur in older adults, but children with similar clinical and pathologic findings have been described. The authors describe a critically ill male infant with idiopathic myelofibrosis and subtle findings suggestive of pulmonary hypertension who was treated with BMT after failing to respond to chemotherapy. After BMT, the patient's clinical course improved in all respects, but he ultimately died of progressive pulmonary hypertension.
HEPATOTROPHIC PROPERTIES IN DOGS OF HUMAN FKBP, THE BINDING PROTEIN FOR FK506 AND RAPAMYCIN (1991)

Cyclosporine and FK506 have been shown with two experimental models to influence liver structure, function, and the capacity for regeneration.Both drugs augment the liver regeneration in rats that is the normal response to partial hepatectomy (1).In addition, the increase in hepatocyte replication that is caused by portacaval shunt in dogs is more than doubled by intrahepatic infusion of these drugs via the tied-off central portal vein.Also, the atrophy and organelle disruption caused by portacaval shunt is prevented (2, 3).Immune modulation of lymphocytes and NK cells as an explanation for these so-called "hepatotrophic" effects has been ruled out by direct experimentation in nude rats (4).The foregoing findings, as well as observations of manifold metabolic effects in patients treated either with FK506 or with cyclosporine, have led to a hypothesis that these drugs modify signal transduction in a variety of cells, not limited to those of the immune system (3, 5).Consistent with the hypothesis is the recent demonstration that FK506 and cyclosporine inhibit signaling processes in the mast cell at concentrations similar to those used to block signaling pathways in T cells (6; also Schreiber SL, et al., unpublished observations).Central to the signal transduction hypothesis was the discovery that the cytosolic receptors for FK506 and rapamycin (FK506-binding protein, FKBP)* and cyclosporine (cyclophilin) are distinct proteins that exhibit peptidyl-prolyl cis trans isomerase (rotamase) activity (7, 8).Rotamases have been shown to facilitate protein folding (9, 10) and to catalyze the interconversion of
Relationship between Serum Total Protein and Serum IgG in Holstein Calves Fed Either a Lacteal- or Plasma-derived Colostrum Replacer (2010)

Bovine neonates have a naïve immune system and must initially rely on the absorption and passive transfer of maternally derived immunoglobulins (lg) ingested in colostrum. Acceptable passive transfer (APT) is defined as a serum IgG≥10 mg/mL between 24-48 hours of age. A serum total protein (STP) cutpoint of 5.0 or 5.2 g/dl is commonly used to predict APT for calves fed lacteal-derived whole colostrum (Calloway et al, 2002). However, many producers now feed powdered commercial colostrum replacers (CR). Some CR products contain lacteal-derived (LD) lg while others contain lg derived from spray-dried plasma (PD). Research is needed to determine the best STP cutpoint to predict APT for calves fed either LD or PD CR products. The objectives of this study were to 1) describe levels of passive transfer and 2) determine the relationship between STP and IgG for neonatal calves fed a commercially available LD CR or PD CR product, respectively.
Isoforms of the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter in murine TAL II. Functional characterization and activation by cAMP (1999)

The functional properties of alternatively spliced isoforms of the mouse apical Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransporter (mBSC1) were examined, using expression in Xenopus oocytes and measurement of 22Na+ or 86Rb+ uptake. A total of six isoforms, generated by the combinatorial association of three 5' exon cassettes (A, B, and F) with two alternative 3' ends, are expressed in mouse thick ascending limb (TAL) [see companion article, D. B. Mount, A. Baekgaard, A. E. Hall, C. Plata, J. Xu, D. R. Beier, G. Gamba, and S. C. Hebert. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Renal Physiol. 45): F347-F358, 1999]. The two 3' ends predict COOH-terminal cytoplasmic domains of 129 amino acids (the C4 COOH terminus) and 457 amino acids (the C9 terminus). The three C9 isoforms (mBSC1-A9/F9/B9) all express Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransport activity, whereas C4 isoforms are nonfunctional in Xenopus oocytes. Activation or inhibition of protein kinase A (PKA) does not affect the activity of the C9 isoforms. The coinjection of mBSC1-A4 with mBSC1-F9 reduces tracer uptake, compared with mBSC1-F9 alone, an effect of C4 isoforms that is partially reversed by the addition of cAMP-IBMX to the uptake medium. The inhibitory effect of C4 isoforms is a dose-dependent function of the alternatively spliced COOH terminus. Isoforms with a C4 COOH terminus thus exert a dominant negative effect on Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransport, a property that is reversed by the activation of PKA. This interaction between coexpressed COOH-terminal isoforms of mBSC1 may account for the regulation of Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransport in the mouse TAL by hormones that generate cAMP.
(Non-)canonical passives and reflexives (2013)

This paper highlights similarities between two classes of arguably non-canonical passives, namely ‘deponent’ verbs familiar from Latin, and ‘inherent reflexive’ verbs in Germanic and Romance, arguing that the latter are the counterparts of the former – notably, both classes of verbs are denominal/deadjectival. Building on the idea that overt morphological voice markings reflect feature distinctions associated with v 0 in the syntax, I argue that the special ‘unaccusative’ morphology (i.e. reflexive or non-active) doesn’t just bear on the absence of an external argument in the syntax, but on the presence of an actor-initiation feature of v 0 in syntactic configurations lacking an external argument, which accounts for facts such as the ubiquity of reflexive marking across inherent and non-inherent reflexive predicates, and others.
Lupus nephritis: a clinical review for practicing nephrologists (2002)

The renal manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are protean and difficult to categorize into clinical syndromes and histologic classes. Lupus nephritis is frequently unrecognized until full-blown nephritic and/or nephrotic syndrome with renal failure emerge. Epidemiologically, approximately one third of SLE patients from unselected populations have renal involvement early during the disease. Most renal abnormalities emerge within the first few years of SLE diagnosis. Currently, most nephrologists agree that an early renal biopsy is worthwhile in those SLE patients with abnormal urinalysis and/or reduced renal function. First, it provides a histologic categorization of the glomerulonephritis as well as an assessment of the degree of activity and chronicity. Second, it provides vital prognostic information. Third, it is beneficial in planning a more rational therapy with or without potentially toxic immunosuppressive agents. Over the last 3 decades, many controlled clinical trials for treatment of lupus nephritis have been completed with a few therapeutic immunosuppressive regimens. Among those agents used. cyclophosphamide and azathioprine provide a reduction of morbidity in those patients afflicted with proliferative forms of lupus glomerulonephritis. A new immunosuppressive agent, mycophenolate mofetil, is being studied for treatment of proliferative forms of lupus glomerulonephritis in a controlled clinical trial at our institution. Immunosuppressive agents and the availability of dialysis and transplantation have improved the survival of patients with lupus nephritis, in particular those with proliferative forms.
Anionic polymerization of lactones initiated by alkali graphitides. II. Changes in the KC<sub>24</sub> structure during polymerization of lactones (1983)

Abstract The structural changes in the potassium graphitide KC 24 in its interaction with ϵ‐caprolactone, γ‐butyrolactone and pivalolactone are examined by profilometric measurement and electron scanning microscopy. The interaction of KC 24 with a nonpolymerizable lactone‐γ‐butyrolactone proceeds without delamination of the graphitide. The polymerization of ϵ‐caprolactone and pivalactone in the interlayer spaces of KC 24 leads to destruction of the initiators structure. An increase in the temperature and monomer concentration enhances the delamination of the graphitide.
Improvement in stability and convergence speed on learning identification method (1996)

Abstract Learning identification is one of the most widely utilized adaptive algorithms due to its small computational complexity. A problem with this algorithm is that a division by the square norm of the state vector is included in the coefficient update process which easily produces an instability when the nonstationary signal such as speech is given as the input. A method known to cope with such a problem and to realize the stable convergence involves not updating the coefficient when small input signals continue. This paper discusses this approach. As a first step, the situation is assumed where the square norm of the state vector is less than the specified threshold and the effect of interrupting the coefficient update is analyzed. the convergence and the time‐constant are formulated and the guarantee of the estimation accuracy for the convergence value is discussed. Then, the step gain is derived for the specified guarantee value so that the convergence speed is the fastest in the stochastic sense while ensuring stability. Lastly, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by computer simulation. It is shown that, even if the input signal is nonstationary, the fastest convergence speed is realized, together with the satisfactory estimation accuracy, which is always obtained according to the specified guarantee value after the convergence.
Heuristic Algorithms for Solving Convex and Nonconvex Economic Dispatch (2009)

Economic dispatch (ED) is a power system optimization problem and its objective is to reduce the total generation cost of units while satisfying constraints. The presence of nonlinearities in practical generator operation makes solving the ED problem more challenging. These generator nonlinearities are modeled as constraints to be met in the form of ramp-rate limits and prohibited operating zones. This paper proposes three heuristic algorithms, namely, the genetic algorithm (GA), differential evolution (DE) and modified particle swarm optimization (MPSO) to solve this ED problem for two test systems. Simulation, numerical results and convergence performances of these three algorithms are presented and compared as a way of demonstrating and validating the heuristic algorithms in solving this complex and challenging power system problem characterized by practical and nonconvex generator constraints.
Scientific Basis for the Selection of Emergency Medical Examination Gloves for Emergency Medical Technicians, Paramedics, Firefighters, and Emergency Department Personnel. An Update (2005)

The use of powder-free natural rubber or latex-free emergency medical examination gloves is especially important to emergency medical technicians, paramedics, firefighters, and emergency department personnel to avoid eliciting an allergic reaction in the latex sensitized patient. The majority of our emergency medical technicians, paramedics, and firefighters are now wearing powder-free emergency medical examination gloves that comply with the stringent codes and standards established by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), while very few hospital emergency department personnel have been provided with NFPA-approved gloves. There are four well-defined goals of this report that will assist emergency medical services, fire departments, and hospitals in the selection and purchase of emergency medical examination gloves. First, we will review again the stringent regulations for emergency medical examination gloves that are outlined by the NFPA. This design and performance standard was devised by the NFPA to address protective clothing for emergency medical operations. The design and performance requirement of the emergency medical examination gloves were described in the NFPA 1999, Standard on Protective Clothing for Emergency Medical Operations, 1997 Edition. As of September 2003, the emergency medical examination glove must meet the new design and performance requirements of emergency medical examination gloves discussed in NFPA 1999, Standard on Protective Clothing for Emergency Medical Operations, 2003 Edition.
HPV-16 Infection Is Associated with a High Content of CD39 and CD73 Ectonucleotidases in Cervical Samples from Patients with CIN-1 (2019)

The development of cervical cancer (CeCa) is associated with high-risk human papilloma virus (HR-HPV) infections, mainly HPV-16, which is present in more than 50% of cases. The presence of immunosuppressive factors in the early stages of the disease is also strongly linked to CeCa progression. In this context, it is unknown whether ectonucleotidases CD39 and CD73, which are involved in the production of adenosine (Ado) that suppresses the specific antitumor immune response, are present in precursor lesions of CeCa. In this pilot study, we analyzed the presence of CD39 and CD73 and their capacity to generate Ado in 25 cervical samples from patients with grade 1 cervical intraepithelial neoplasms (CIN-1) and 25 samples from normal donors (NDs) free of HPV infection. Cells obtained from cervical samples of CIN-1 patients positive for HPV-16 showed higher CD39 and CD73 contents compared to samples obtained from CIN-1 patients negative for HPV-16 and NDs. Interestingly, solubilized cervical mucus from these patients also showed higher contents of soluble CD39 and CD73, which were associated with a greater capacity to produce Ado from the hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP). In addition, serum samples of these patients showed higher levels of TGF-<i>β</i> than those of CIN-1 patients negative for HPV-16 and ND. These results suggest that persistent infection with HR-HPV, mostly HPV-16, in CIN-1 patients may promote the expression of CD39 and CD73 through the production of TGF-<i>β</i> in precursor lesions to generate an immunosuppressive microenvironment and allow its progression to CeCa.
miRNA expression profile of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from RA patients and their relationship with anti-TNF therapy (2013)

Frontiers Events is a rapidly growing calendar management system dedicated to the scheduling of academic events. This includes announcements and invitations, participant listings and search functionality, abstract handling and publication, related events and post-event exchanges. Whether an organizer or participant, make your event a Frontiers Event!