gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Further diversity at HLA‐A and ‐B loci identified in Afro‐Caribbean potential bone marrow donors (2001)

Two novel HLA-A and three novel HLA-B alleles were identified within a group of Afro-Caribbean individuals who were recruited as potential donors for the Anthony Nolan Bone Marrow Trust Register. HLA typing was performed on DNA extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells using sequence-specific oligonucleotide (SSO) probes for HLA-A and -B loci. Eight individuals analysed exhibited hybridisation patterns for which a type could not be assigned. DNA from these individuals was further typed by two methodologies: direct sequencing of PCR products and reference strand conformation analysis (RSCA). The direct sequencing results allowed the identification of new alleles but did not allow confirmation of the cis/trans orientation of the new sequence motifs identified. RSCA analysis confirmed the results obtained by SSO and direct sequencing and in addition confirmed the cis/trans orientation of the new sequences. One individual possesses a new A*30 allele--A*3008 and two individuals possess an identical new A*74 allele--A*7404. The three novel HLA-B alleles were identified in three individuals: B*0812, B*1554 and B*4503 respectively. For the remaining two samples, A*2612 was identified. At present Caucasoid individuals, and therefore Caucasoid phenotypes, are predominantly represented on the various different volunteer bone marrow donor registries. The examples presented here highlight the potential for identification of further polymorphisms within the HLA system as more individuals from the much-needed ethnic minorities are recruited onto bone marrow donor registers.
Partition coefficients of 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐1‐oxyl (TEMPO) in erythrocyte lipids in multiple sclerosis (1980)

Electron spin resonance (ESR) was used in a search for a possible generalized membrane defect underlying myelin instability in multiple sclerosis (MS). In contrast to most ESR studies of biological membranes, a small, nonelectrolyte spin label, TEMPO, was chosen; its partition coefficient was determined in extracted erythrocyte lipids from MS patients and normal controls. No differences were observed the advantages and limitations of TEMPO in comparison with lipid spin labels as probes for the study of biological membranes are discussed.
Dislocation injection in strontium titanate by femtosecond laser pulses (2015)

Femtosecond laser ablation is used in applications which require low damage surface treatments, such as serial sectioning, spectroscopy, and micromachining. However, dislocations are generated by femtosecond laser-induced shockwaves and consequently have been studied in strontium titanate (STO) using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron backscatter diffraction analysis. The laser ablated surfaces in STO exhibit dislocation structures that are indicative of those produced by uniaxial compressive loading. TEM analyses of dislocations present just below the ablated surface confirm the presence of ⟨110⟩ dislocations that are of approximately 35° mixed character. The penetration depth of the dislocations varied with grain orientation relative to the surface normal, with a maximum depth of 1.5 μm. Based on the critical resolved shear stress of STO crystals, the approximate shockwave pressures experienced beneath the laser irradiated surface are reported.
Calculating the Minimum Bounds of Energy Consumption for Cloud Networks (2011)

This paper is aiming at facilitating the energy-efficient operation of an integrated optical network and IT infrastructure. In this context we propose an energy-efficient routing algorithm for provisioning of IT services that originate from specific source sites and which need to be executed by suitable IT resources (e.g. data centers). The routing approach followed is anycast, since the requirement for the IT services is the delivery of results, while the exact location of the execution of the job can be freely chosen. In this scenario, energy efficiency is achieved by identifying the least energy consuming IT and network resources required to support the services, enabling the switching off of any unused network and IT resources. Our results show significant energy savings that can reach up to 55% compared to energy-unaware schemes, depending on the granularity with which a data center is able to switch on/off servers.
Solitons in two-dimensional lattices possessing defects, dislocations, and quasicrystal structures (2006)

Localized nonlinear modes, or solitons, are obtained for the two-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation with various external potentials that possess large variations from periodicity, i.e., vacancy defects, edge dislocations, and quasicrystal structure. The solitons are obtained by employing a spectral fixed-point computational scheme. Investigation of soliton evolution by direct numerical simulations shows that irregular-lattice solitons can be stable, unstable, or undergo collapse.
THE ACCUMULATION OF URIC ACID IN THE FAT BODY OF SAWFLIES AND ITS DETECTION (1968)

Abstract Uric acid accumulation in the fat body of several species of Tenthredinidae and Diprionidae was determined on a qualitative and quantitative basis. Variations were found in the number of crystal agglomerations per cell and in the nature of the agglomerations between species. Uric acid dosage revealed considerable variations in concentration. Such variations could be useful for taxonomic purposes.
Banc de rodets. Càlcul del parell i la potència d’un vehicle a partir de dades experimentals (2011)

Premi al millor Projecte de Fi de Carrera presentat durant l'any 2011 en l'ambit d'Automocio que atorga la CATEDRA SEAT-UPC
Influence of Fluid Rheological Properties and Particle Location on Ultrasound‐assisted Heat Transfer between Liquid and Particles (1990)

ABSTRACT Convective heat transfer between fluids and a particle was investigated as a function of fluid rheological properties and position in the ultrasonic field, expressed as dimensionless parameters. The convective heat transfer coefficient was determined for an irregularly shaped particle immersed in sodium carboxymethylcellulose solutions of various concentrations. The extent of sonic enhancement was strongly dependent on fluid rheological properties. At low viscosity, the distance of the particle to the nearest corner of the tank was found to be significantly correlated with heat transfer coefficient; this effect decreased as viscosity increased. Dimensionless correlations were developed.
Micro‐Transfer‐Printed III‐V‐on‐Silicon C‐Band Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers (2020)

Abstract The micro‐transfer‐printing of prefabricated C‐band semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) on a silicon waveguide circuit is reported. The SOAs are 1.35 mm in length and 40 µm in width. Dense arrays of III‐V SOAs are fabricated on the source InP wafer. These can then be micro‐transfer‐printed on the target SOI photonic circuits in a massively parallel fashion. Additionally, this approach allows for greater flexibility in terms of integrating different epitaxial layer structures on the same SOI waveguide circuit. The technique allows integrating SOAs on a complex silicon photonic circuit platform without changing the foundry process‐flow. Two different SOA designs with different optical confinement factor in the quantum wells of the III‐V waveguide are discussed. This allows tuning the small‐signal gain and output saturation power of the SOA. The design with higher optical confinement in the quantum wells has a small‐signal gain of up to 23 dB and an on‐chip saturation power of 9.2 mW at 140 mA bias current and the lower optical confinement factor design has a small‐signal gain of 17 dB and power saturation of 15 mW at 160 mA of bias current.
Modulation of Rat Peritoneal Mast Cell and Human Basophil Histamine Release by Estrogens (1990)

This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of estrogens on the histamine release mediated by IgE in rat peritoneal mast cells (PMC) and in sensitized human basophils. The estrogens were found to enhance the histamine release of either rat PMC and sensitized human basophils upon stimulation with anti-IgE. The enhancement was estrogens dose-dependent reaching the maximum value of 23% for rat PMC and 41% for sensitized human basophils stimulated with anti-IgE upon preincubation with 10(-8) M estrogens. Moreover, when purified PMC were used, the enhancing effect was still detected, suggesting a direct interaction between estrogens and mast cells. The enhancing effect took place quite rapidly reaching plateau levels in about 60 min. Basophils preincubated at 4 instead of 37 degrees C did not give any appreciable enhancement, suggesting that it was temperature-dependent and that the effect observed was not due to cytotoxicity. Incubation of PMC or human basophils with estrogens alone, without challenge with anti-IgE, did not give any detectable histamine release. The enhancement of histamine release by estrogens is probably mediated by IgE molecules present on the cell membrane, since this effect was not observed on challenge with substance P or compound 48/80, two segretagogues known to induce histamine release not via IgE.
15 Translational Control in Cancer Development and Progression (2007)

Translational control has an important role in key physiological pathways that have a direct impact on cancer development and progression. These include pathways for cell proliferation and growth, cellular responses to stresses such as hypoxia and nutritional deprivation, and stimulation by mitogenic signals (for previous reviews, see Dua et al. 2001; Meric and Hunt 2002; Rosenwald 2004; Holcik and Sonenberg 2005). Consequently, regulation of protein synthesis has emerged as an important component of cancer etiology, both at the level of global control of the proteome and for selective translation of specific mRNAs and classes of mRNAs. What is surprising is how long it has taken to appreciate the central importance and elucidate the key mechanisms of translational control in cancer development and progression. Despite the infancy of this field of research, it is already apparent that translational control of cancer is multifaceted, presenting modifications unique to different types of cancers, as well as different stages and grades of disease. Changes in translation associated with cancer development and progression observed to date involve altered expression of translation components, including translation factors, ribosomes, translation factor regulatory proteins, and tRNAs; altered expression and translation of specific mRNAs; and altered activity of signal transduction pathways that control the activity of protein synthesis, both overall and of individual mRNAs. These changes are manifested in a variety of ways, including up-regulation of global protein synthesis, increased translation of individual mRNAs, and selective translation of antiapoptotic, proangiogenic, proproliferative, and hypoxia-mediated mRNAs. Other transformation-associated changes in translation are...
Aromaticity of acenes: the model of migrating π-circuits (2018)

In this work we extend the concept of migrating Clar's sextets to explain local aromaticity trends in linear acenes predicted by theoretical calculations and experimental data. To assess the link between resonance and reactivity and to rationalize the constant-height AFM image of pentacene we used the electron density of delocalized bonds and other functions of the one-electron density from conceptual density functional theory. The presented results provide evidence for migration of Clar's π-sextets and larger circuits in these systems, and clearly show that the link between the theoretical concept of aromaticity and the real electronic structure entails the separation of intra- and inter-ring resonance effects, which in the case of [n]acenes (n = 3, 4, 5) comes down to solving a system of simple linear equations.
Individualized Responses of Gut Microbiota to Dietary Intervention Modeled in Humanized Mice (2016)

Diet plays an important role in shaping the structure and function of the gut microbiota. The microbes and microbial products in turn can influence various aspects of host physiology. One promising route to affect host function and restore health is by altering the gut microbiome using dietary intervention. The individuality of the microbiome may pose a significant challenge, so we sought to determine how different microbiotas respond to the same dietary intervention in a controlled setting. We modeled gut microbiotas from three healthy donors in germfree mice and defined compositional and functional alteration following a change in dietary microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs). The three gut communities exhibited responses that differed markedly in magnitude and in the composition of microbiota-derived metabolites. Adjustments in community membership did not correspond to the magnitude of changes in the microbial metabolites, highlighting potential challenges in predicting functional responses from compositional data and the need to assess multiple microbiota parameters following dietary interventions. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> Dietary modification has long been used empirically to modify symptoms in inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, and a diverse group of diseases with gastrointestinal symptoms. There is both anecdotal and scientific evidence to suggest that individuals respond quite differently to similar dietary changes, and the highly individualized nature of the gut microbiota makes it a prime candidate for these differences. To overcome the typical confounding factors of human dietary interventions, here we employ ex-germfree mice colonized by microbiotas of three different humans to test how different microbiotas respond to a defined change in carbohydrate content of diet by measuring changes in microbiota composition and function using marker gene-based next-generation sequencing and metabolomics. Our findings suggest that the same diet has very different effects on each microbiota's membership and function, which may in turn explain interindividual differences in response to a dietary ingredient.
Assessing Accuracy in Varying LIDAR Data Point Densities in Digital Elevation Maps (2008)

This thesis discusses the production of Digital Elevation Maps (DEM) using varying density of data points from a Lidar (Laser or Light Detection And Ranging) collection. Additionally, this thesis contains information on the multiple space missions that use laser altimetry or Lidar to gather data about planet earth, the moon, asteroids, Mars and Mercury. The thesis covers the accuracy of different amounts of data used when generating a DEM in Quick Terrain Modeler software package and the ILAP Bare Earth Extraction Plug-In and discusses the error analysis when comparing the different DEMs built by randomly selecting 90%, 66%, 50%, 30%, 10%, 5%, 3%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.3%, 0.05%, 0.03% and 0.01% of the data from an airborne Lidar collection from Honduras in 2008. Analyzing surface DEMs created in QTM, the results of the point reduction experiment indicate that a collection cloud point density of 60,000 points per square kilometer are required for an accurate surface DEM in this environment.
An AbrB‐like protein might be involved in the regulation of cylindrospermopsin production by <i>Aphanizomenon ovalisporum</i> (2008)

Certain filamentous cyanobacteria, including Aphanizomenon ovalisporum, are potentially toxic owing to the formation of the hepatotoxin cylindrospermopsin. We previously identified a gene cluster in A. ovalisporum likely to be involved in cylindrospermopsin biosynthesis, including amidinotransferase (aoaA) and polyketide-synthase (aoaC), transcribed on the reverse strands. Analysis of the genomic region between aoaA and aoaC identified two transcription start points for each of these genes, differentially expressed under nitrogen and light stress conditions. The transcript abundances of these genes and the cylindrospermopsin level were both affected by nitrogen availability and light intensity. Gel shift assays and DNA affinity columns isolated a protein that specifically binds to a 150 bp DNA fragment from the region between aoaA and aoaC, and MS/MS analyses identified similarity to AbrB in other cyanobacteria and in Bacillus sp. Comparison of the native AbrB isolated from A. ovalisporum with that obtained after cloning and overexpression of abrB in Escherichia coli identified specific post-translational modifications in the native cyanobacterial protein. These modifications, which are missing in the protein expressed in E. coli, include N-acetylation and methylation of specific residues. We discuss the possible role of these modifications in the regulation of cylindrospermopsin production in Aphanizomenon.
Fusion of Reprogramming Factors Alters the Trajectory of Somatic Lineage Conversion (2019)

Simultaneous expression of Oct4, Klf4, Sox2, and cMyc induces pluripotency in somatic cells (iPSCs). Replacing Oct4 with the neuro-specific factor Brn4 leads to transdifferentiation of fibroblasts into induced neural stem cells (iNSCs). However, Brn4 was recently found to induce transient acquisition of pluripotency before establishing the neural fate. We employed genetic lineage tracing and found that induction of iNSCs with individual vectors leads to direct lineage conversion. In contrast, polycistronic expression produces a Brn4-Klf4 fusion protein that enables induction of pluripotency. Our study demonstrates that a combination of pluripotency and tissue-specific factors allows direct somatic cell transdifferentiation, bypassing the acquisition of a pluripotent state. This result has major implications for lineage conversion technologies, which hold potential for providing a safer alternative to iPSCs for clinical application both in vitro and in vivo.
An experimental comparison of the signal from laminar and disturbed blood flow (1993)

In order to determine the limiting velocity resolution that can be achieved using ultrasound, we have completed an experimental evaluation of the statistics of the received signal from laminar flow and disturbed flow following the transmission of a train of short pulses. Experimental rf M-mode images are presented using a high volume concentration of scatterers in a blood mimicking solution. For laminar flow, when a significant range of velocity components is present within the sample volume, this range is the limiting factor in the length of the correlated signal interval. In addition, we have studied the disturbed flow that occurs distal to a 50% stenosis. Particularly for the low velocities that would be associated with diastole, the duration of the signal correlation increases in a spatial region that is distal to the stenosis and near the vessel walls, rather than the expected decrease
A generic task strategy for solving routine decision making problems (2003)

An algorithm to solve routine decision making problems is presented here. This algorithm combines plan-step generation to find actions that can be applied to solve the particular problem, plan-step assessment to evaluate how useful each action is within the context of the given problem, and plan-step assembly to select and sequence the best actions. These processes can themselves be implemented using the generic tasks of hierarchical classification, routine recognition and a variation of abductive assembly. This paper describes routine decision making problems, the routine decision making algorithm and demonstrates it through three knowledge-based systems.
Confocal Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy (FLIM) at the Single Molecule Level (2000)

We report on confocal fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (CFLIM) of single dye molecules adsorbed on glass surface. Applying a short-pulse diode laser emitting at 635 nm with a repetition rate of 64 MHz we studied the time-resolved identification of individual carbocyanine and oxazine dyes via their characteristic fluorescence lifetimes of 2.06±0.37 ns (Cy5) and 3.89±0.91 ns (JA242). Fluctuations in fluorescence intensity and lifetime of individual adsorbed molecules were investigated with millisecond time resolution. These jumps exhibit short off-states τoff of 0.5 ms which can be ascribed to the triplet state lifetime under dry conditions with an intersystem crossing yield YISC of ∼0.2 %. Besides triplet states, other quantum jumps into longer lived states (several milliseconds) with lower transition probability were observed. The correlation of rotational and spectral jumps of single and coupled fluorophores with changes in the observed fluorescence lifetime are discussed.
Proceedings of the Third Annual ACM Bangalore Conference (2010)

For the past three years, ACM Bangalore Chapter has been providing a broad forum COMPUTE for active researchers in CS and IT from academia and industry in India, to engage in a symbiotic relationship, with benefits for the Indian IT industry, entrepreneurs, investors and academia (CS and interdisciplinary) alike. It is now widely accepted that applied research has a key role to play in computer science is moving beyond the academia into the business domain, more specifically with practitioner perspective of technology absorption, and innovation. The aim of this conference is to bring together researchers, practitioners, technology market movers, and thought leaders, with a view to advance the state of the art, and the state of the practice in applied research, which is a catalyst in leveraging of Computer Science by IT companies. In the context of today's proliferation and diversification of information sources, information formats, information access media, we decided to concentrate the conference to discuss diverse contemporary research and practitioner perspectives covering this theme.

ACM Bangalore Compute 2010, being held on 22nd-23rd Jan, 2010, is the third in the series of such attempts at providing an integrated forum for such an endeavour with in coop status from ACM SIGSOFT and SIGWEB . One of the distinguishing features of this year's conference is that ACM India council has been just established, and the formal ACM India Launch event is co-located with Compute 2010, on 21st Jan 2010.