gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and characterization of Ni2Sb4(OEt)16 and its hydrolysis products (1994)

The hydrolysis pathways of Ni2Sb4(OEt)16 in toluene, ethanol and toluene–ethanol mixtures have been studied. Five intermediate compounds have been isolated from solutions having different H2O/Ni2Sb4(OEt)16 ratios (h values) with h < 6. A detailed description of the routes used in connection with the preparation of Ni2Sb4(OEt)16 and of the five intermediates, Ni5Sb3O2(OEt)15(HOEt)4, Ni7Sb4O4(OEt)18, Ni6Sb4O4(OEt)16(HOEt)4, NiSb3O3(OEt)5 and Ni6Sb14O18(OEt)18(HOEt)2 are given The composition of three of the intermediates compounds have been established from single-crystal structural studies The suggested compositions of the two others, Ni7Sb4O4(OEt)18 and NiSb3O3(OEt)5 are based on elemental analysis The chemical compositions of the sol and of the gel formed for h 6, NiSb2O3(OEt)2, are estimated from chemical considerations A brief investigation of the hydrolysis pathways of Sb(OEt)3 in the same solvents is also included.
Packaging in a yeast double-stranded RNA virus (1995)

The yeast virus ScV-L1 has only two genes, cap and pol, which encode the capsid polypeptide and the viral polymerase, respectively. The second gene is translated only as a cap-pol fusion protein. This fusion protein is responsible for recognition of a specific small stem and loop region of the viral plus strands, of 19 to 31 bases in length, ensuring packaging specificity. We have used a related virus, ScV-La, which has about 29% codon identity with ScV-L1 in the most conserved region of the pol gene, to map the region in pol that is responsible for packaging L1. Characterization of a number of chimeric viral proteins that recognize L1 but have the La capsid region delimits the region necessary for recognition of L1 to a 76- to 82-codon portion of pol. In addition, we show that overproduction of the La capsid polypeptide results in curing of the ScV-La virus, analogous to the production of plants resistant to RNA viruses by virtue of systemic production of viral coat protein.
Selective distribution of GABA<sub>A</sub> receptor subtypes in mouse spinal dorsal horn neurons and primary afferents (2012)

In the spinal cord dorsal horn, presynaptic GABA(A) receptors (GABA(A)Rs) in the terminals of nociceptors as well as postsynaptic receptors in spinal neurons regulate the transmission of nociceptive and somatosensory signals from the periphery. GABA(A)Rs are heterogeneous and distinguished functionally and pharmacologically by the type of α subunit variant they contain. This heterogeneity raises the possibility that GABA(A)R subtypes differentially regulate specific pain modalities. Here, we characterized the subcellular distribution of GABA(A)R subtypes in nociceptive circuits by using immunohistochemistry with subunit-specific antibodies combined with markers of primary afferents and dorsal horn neurons. Confocal laser scanning microscopy analysis revealed a distinct, partially overlapping laminar distribution of α1-3 and α5 subunit immunoreactivity in laminae I-V. Likewise, a layer-specific pattern was evident for their distribution among glutamatergic, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic, and glycinergic neurons (detected in transgenic mice expressing vesicular glutamate transporter 2-enhanced green fluorescent protein [vGluT2-eGFP], glutamic acid decarboxylase [GAD]67-eGFP, and glycine transporter 2 (GlyT2)-eGFP, respectively). Finally, all four subunits could be detected within primary afferent terminals. C-fibers predominantly contained either α2 or α3 subunit immunoreactivity; terminals from myelinated (Aβ/Aδ) fibers were colabeled in roughly equal proportion with each subunit. The presence of axoaxonic GABAergic synapses was determined by costaining with gephyrin and vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter to label GABAergic postsynaptic densities and terminals, respectively. Colocalization of the α2 or α3 subunit with these markers was observed in a subset of C-fiber synapses. Furthermore, gephyrin mRNA and protein expression was detected in dorsal root ganglia. Collectively, these results show that differential GABA(A)R distribution in primary afferent terminals and dorsal horn neurons allows for multiple, circuit-specific modes of regulation of nociceptive circuits.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed Cycloisomerization Involving Cyclopropenes: Efficient Stereoselective Synthesis of Medium‐Sized Heterocyclic Scaffolds (2011)

Mittlere Ringe: Die Titelreaktion von Cyclopropenylcarbinolen und Carbinylaminen ergibt Carbo- und Heterocyclen, deren [6.1.0]-Bicyclus an einen aromatischen Ring anelliert ist (siehe Schema; Alloc=Allyloxycarbonyl, Boc=tert-Butoxycarbonyl). Diese Reaktionen sind die ersten Beispiele für die Bildung mittelgroßer Ringe durch intramolekulare Cyclopropanierung eines Alkens mit einem donorsubstituierten Rhodiumcarbenoid, das nicht aus einer Diazoverbindung erzeugt wird.
Investigation of Invariant Serine/Threonine Residues in Mevalonate Kinase (2001)

Mevalonate kinase serine/threonine residues have been implicated in substrate binding and inherited metabolic disease. Alignment of >20 mevalonate kinase sequences indicates that Ser-145, Ser-146, Ser-201, and Thr-243 are the only invariant residues with alcohol side chains. These residues have been individually mutated to alanine. Structural integrity of the mutants has been demonstrated by binding studies using fluorescent and spin-labeled ATP analogs. Kinetic characterization of the mutants indicates only modest changes in K(m)((ATP)). K(m) for mevalonate increases by approximately 20-fold for S146A, approximately 40-fold for T243A, and 100-fold for S201A. V(max) changes for S145A, S201A, and T243A are < or =3-fold. Thus, the 65-fold activity decrease associated with the inherited human T243I mutation seems attributable to the nonconservative substitution rather than any critical catalytic function. V(max) for S146A is diminished by 4000-fold. In terms of V/K(MVA), this substitution produces a 10(5)-fold effect, suggesting an active site location and catalytic role for Ser-146. The large k(cat) effect suggests that Ser-146 productively orients ATP during catalysis. K(D(Mg-ATP)) increases by almost 40-fold for S146A, indicating a specific role for Ser-146 in liganding Mg(2+)-ATP. Instead of mapping within a proposed C-terminal ATP binding motif, Ser-146 is situated in a centrally located motif, which characterizes the galactokinase/homoserine kinase/ mevalonate kinase/phosphomevalonate kinase protein family. These observations represent the first functional demonstration that this region is part of the active site in these related phosphotransferases.
Switching loss analysis of shorted drain non punch-through and punch-through type IGBTs in voltage resonant circuit (2002)

The dissipated turn-off losses of shorted drain non-punch-through and punch-through type IGBTs (insulated-gate bipolar transistors) are investigated for voltage resonant circuit application. These characteristics are analyzed experimentally and calculated by using a two-dimensional device simulator. It is shown that the shorted drain structure is not effective for decreasing the dissipated loss, whereas the optimized punch-through type IGBT is suitable for this circuit application.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Negative Magneto-resistance Observed on an Ion-radical Salt of a TTF-based Spin-polarized Donor (2006)

Abstract A novel diselena analogue of TTF-based spin-polarized donor was synthesized. An ion-radical salt of the donor electro-crystallized on an interdigitated electrode with 2 μm gap showed negative magneto-resistance below 15 K. This is the first example detecting the interaction between localized spin and conducting electron in a genuine organic system.
<title>Computer simulation of light propagation in a multilayer biological tissue by the Monte Carlo method</title> (2000)

In this paper, we described our results of computer simulations of light propagation in a multi-layer biological tissue, such as the human brain and the skin. This report includes description of optical properties of cerebral tissue and skin tissue, some technical characteristics of near-IR noninvasive techniques of the human brain and skin examination. As well as we described light beam deformation in a multi-layer tissue and general principles of our algorithms construction.
Human Placental Growth Hormone, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I and -II, and Insulin Requirements during Pregnancy in Type 1 Diabetes (2003)

Human placental GH (hPGH) replaces pituitary GH during pregnancy. hPGH is correlated to serum IGF-I in normal pregnancies and in pregnancies complicated by fetoplacental disorders. In gestational diabetes and type 2 diabetes no correlation between hPGH and IGF-I has been found. The relationship between hPGH and IGF-I in type 1 diabetes mellitus has not been investigated thoroughly. Furthermore, hPGH may be involved in the development of insulin resistance during pregnancy. In this prospective, longitudinal study, 51 type 1 diabetic subjects were followed with repeated blood sampling during pregnancy (median, 14 blood samples/subject; range, 8-26). Maternal concentrations of serum hPGH, IGF-I, and IGF-II were measured and compared with insulin requirements and birth characteristics. hPGH was detected from as early as 6 wk gestation. In all subjects, a rise in serum hPGH was observed during pregnancy, and the rise between wk 16 and 25 was correlated to the rise between wk 26 and 35 (P < 0.001). From wk 26 onward, the increase in hPGH values was significantly correlated to the birth weight, expressed as a z-score (r(s) = 0.54; P < 0.001), as were the absolute hPGH values. Also, a positive influence of hPGH on placental weight was found. Serum IGF-I values decreased significantly from the first to the second trimester (P </= 0.021). Serum hPGH correlated to serum IGF-I from wk 24-35, and changes in IGF-I followed the increase in hPGH between wk 26 and 35 (r(s) = 0.53; P < 0.001), as did IGF-II (r(s) = 0.37; P = 0.008). Changes in IGF-I and IGF-II between wk 26 and 35 also correlated to the birth weight z-score (P </= 0.020), but only hPGH remained significant in multiple regression analysis. Similar results were found in the subgroup delivering at term. Interestingly, the increase in hPGH was not correlated to the increase in insulin requirements, nor was any consistent relationship revealed during each gestational period. In conclusion, our study suggests a role for hPGH in the regulation of both IGFs and fetal growth in type 1 diabetes. In contrast, the increase in insulin requirements during pregnancy in type 1 diabetic subjects could not be related to hPGH levels.
Exact and Approximate Theoretical Techniques for Quantum Magnetism in Low Dimensions (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Pertes de charge des ancrages actifs injectés dans un massif rocheux (1989)

Estimation of loss of prestress is an essential part of the design of permanent or temporary prstressed anchors since stability of the retained structure must not be compromised. Findings of a field study on long-term behaviour of prestressed anchors are presented herein: different lengths of anchors in solid rock were injected with cement grout or epoxy resin. Load variation in the anchors with time indicated two distinct stages of loss of prestress: an initial stage of rapid loss of prestress and a second stage of very minor and uniform loss ending about 6 months after prestressing. Our study also showed that restressing anchors after a period of time reduces subsequent prestress loss and that overdimensioning of the injected length does not. Key words: rock, prestressed injected anchor, grout, loss of prestress, creep, relaxation.
Energy Efficient Policies for Distributed Target Tracking in Multihop Sensor Networks (2006)

We consider the problem of distributed target tracking in a sensor network under communication constraints between the sensor nodes, a problem that has recently received significant attention. The problem requires the dynamic selection of which sensor nodes will communicate their information and the selection of a corresponding fusion center which will process the collected information. Ideally, selection of which sensors will communicate and where will fusion take place will be a dynamic process, adapting to new information, to trade off tracking accuracy versus communications usage. The resulting coupled problem is generally intractable and significant effort has been devoted towards proposing simple strategies under various performance criteria. In this paper, we propose an adaptive dynamic strategy for sensor selection and fusion location using a certainty equivalence approach that seeks to optimize a tradeoff between tracking error and communications cost. We define a certainty equivalent optimization problem for dynamic relocation of the fusion center that uses measures of average multi hop communications cost and average tracking errors, and solve the resulting optimal control problem for classes of tracking problems. The optimal strategy is a hybrid switching strategy, where the fusion center location and reporting sensors are held stationary unless the target estimates move outside of a threshold radius around the sensors. We illustrate the performance of our algorithms on sample tracking experiments with sensor networks
Orthopedic Injuries Related to Snowmobile Use (2003)

Snowmobile accidents represent a frequent cause of orthopedic injuries in northern regions. An understanding of these injuries may help emergency departments prepare for patients injured on these machines. Recognition of the most common orthopedic injuries may help in the design of safer snowmobiles.
Management of Venous Thromboembolism: A Clinical Practice Guideline from the American College of Physicians and the American Academy of Family Physicians (2007)

Venous thromboembolism is a common condition affecting 7.1 persons per 10,000 person-years among community residents. Incidence rates for venous thromboembolism are higher in men, African-Americans, and increase substantially with age. It is critical to treat deep venous thrombosis at an early stage to avoid development of further complications, such as pulmonary embolism or recurrent deep venous thrombosis. The target audience for this guideline is all clinicians caring for patients who have been given a diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. The target patient population is patients receiving a diagnosis of pulmonary embolism or lower-extremity deep venous thrombosis.
RADIOSENSITIVE AND RADIORESISTANT PHASES IN ANTIBODY PRODUCTION (1951)

The diagnosis and treatment of human fetal defects has evolved rapidly over the past decade due to improved fetal imaging techniques and better understanding of fetal pathophysiology derived from animal models. The detection of a fetal anomaly may now lead to a change in the timing of delivery, a change in the mode of delivery, or prenatal treatment. Because most therapeutic maneuvers involve some risk to the fetus and mother, there must be a reasonable expectation that the procedure is feasible, safe, and effective before it can be attempted in humans. This requires reliable information about the pathophysiology and natural history of the disease process, the efficacy of fetal surgical intervention in ameliorating the disease, and the feasibility and safety of the proposed intervention. This paper focuses on the rationale and initial clinical experience with fetal surgery for a variety of life-threatening fetal anatomic defects.
Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Initiation in Boys Before and Since Routine Use: Southern California, 2009–2013 (2015)

Routine use recommendation increased the uptake of HPV4 in boys. System-level interventions to encourage providers to routinely recommend HPV4 vaccination may help increase HPV4 uptake in boys.
Geophysics Bright Spots (2020)

Welcome to a new collection of Geophysics Bright Spots. I remember reading the first Bright Spots column as a student at Colorado School of Mines. Steve Hill, who conceived the wonderful idea of initiating this column, was my instructor there for a course on seismic data processing. He is a brilliant teacher — always challenging his students to think outside the box and ever open to discussions and debates. Through this column, he exposed readers to cutting-edge research in the field of geophysics while providing a new and important platform for authors to reach industry practitioners. Below is a list of research the editors found interesting in the latest issue of Geophysics. If any of them pique your interest, please read the full Geophysics article. Maybe a light bulb will go off in your head for a new method or algorithm.
Oncogenes and Angiogenesis: Down-regulation of Thrombospondin-1 in Normal Fibroblasts Exposed to Factors from Cancer Cells Harboring Mutant Ras (2005)

The onset of angiogenesis in cancer often involves down-regulation of endogenous angiogenesis inhibitors, of which thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) is a paradigm. As this effect is thought to occur under the influence of transforming genetic lesions (e.g., expression of the mutant ras oncogene), its nature is regarded as intrinsic to cancer cells themselves. Here, we show that ras-transformed cancer cells can also induce TSP-1 down-regulation in their adjacent nontransformed stromal fibroblasts, but not in endothelial cells, in a paracrine and distance-dependent manner. Indeed, several H-ras-expressing fibrosarcoma (528ras1, B6ras, and NIH3T3Ras) and carcinoma (DLD-1 and IEC18Ras3) cells were found to release soluble factors capable of suppressing TSP-1 protein, mRNA, and promoter activity in nontumorigenic, immortalized dermal fibroblastic cell lines in culture (e.g., in fibroblasts expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein/TSP-1 reporter). This effect was abrogated in Id1-/- fibroblasts. At least two low molecular weight (<3 kDa), heat-labile, and trypsin-resistant mediators of TSP-1 suppression were found to be released from 528ras1 cells. Their effects on normal fibroblasts were inhibited (albeit to different extents) by pertussis toxin and, in one case, by dimethylsphingosine, none of which affected TSP-1 expression by 528ras1 cells. Collectively, our study suggests that the effect of mutant ras on tumor neovascularization is not limited to changes in angiogenic properties of cancer cells themselves. Rather, mutant ras, through a different signaling mechanism, may modulate the properties of the adjacent normal stroma, thus eliciting a proangiogenic field effect.
Benzhydryl and Triphenylmethyl Nitrates (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBenzhydryl and Triphenylmethyl NitratesRaymond T. Merrow and Robert H. BoschanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 18, 4622–4623Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01647a040https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01647a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views66Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The operation of kilowatt LSA oscillators (1970)

New high power LSA results have produced over 2000 watts of peak power at over 10% efficiency in C-band from a single chip. Such results were made possible by recent breakthroughs in circuit analysis, and with the production of extremely uniform epitaxial layers of uo to 250 µm in thickness. Over 60% of the devices from such a wafer yielded in excess of 500 watts in similar operation.
SPACE SHUTTLE COMMUNICATIONS AND TELEMETRYAN INTRODUCTION WITH FLIGHT RESULTS (1982)

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / September 28-30, 1982 / Sheraton Harbor Island Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, California
Radiation Dose and Prognosis of Ultra-Low-Dose Stress-First Myocardial Perfusion SPECT in Patients with Chest Pain Using a High-Efficiency Camera (2015)

HE-SPECT stress-only imaging can be performed in more than two thirds of chest pain patients without a high pretest probability of a stress perfusion defect, with excellent prognosis, a radiation dose averaging 1 mSv, and a test duration of less than 2 h.
Coherent ground mapping of polar format images with applications to high-resolution wide-area SAR imaging (2016)

In this article, we consider some approaches to using the polar format algorithm for high-resolution wide-area synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging. We will broadly discuss two general approaches to extending the polar format algorithm to produce focused high-resolution imagery over wide areas. First, we will describe a fast backprojection-like algorithm based on coherently mapping polar formatted subapertures to the ground and coherently combining the ground-mapped images. Second, we will discuss an alternative approach to generating high-resolution wide-area imagery, which starts with an initial polar format image and then subsequently refines the image in subpatches in a coherently consistent manner across the image. Central to both methods is a general framework for coherently mapping polar format images to the ground.
M2M gateway selection scheme for smart wireless devices: an energy consumption perspective (2015)

Wireless standardization activities such as Bluetooth V4.x have led to an explosive growth in innovative short-range wireless devices capable of providing various services to assist everyday life. Allowing Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication between these M2M devices also enable new commercial service opportunities. Typically, short range M2M devices need another capable device such as a smartphone to act as a gateway (GW) to connect to the Internet to operate at its full potential. We investigate an architecture where any Internet enabled device in the wireless range acts as an M2M GW for M2M devices. This eliminates the need for the M2M device user to also own an Internet enabled device to obtain services such as Online-to-Offline. This scheme faces new challenges such as, how to identify a best M2M GW for a required service and QoS. This paper investigates the performance of M2M GW selection schemes in terms of energy consumption using real world data collected at an exhibition with encouraging results.
GREEN CHEMICAL LIGHT SPECTRUM* (1975)

The relative radiant power and luminous power spectra of the emission from a commercially available green chemical light are reported.