gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SMOOTH SAILING...TTI HELPS IMPLEMENT TXDOT'S ROADWAY SMOOTHNESS SPECIFICATION (1996)

Smooth highways lead to roads that last longer, a better ride quality, and lower user costs. This brief article reports on how the Texas Transportation Institute is helping to implement the Texas Department of Transportation road smoothness specification. Part of the TTI project involves evaluating automated models that are used for acceptance testing of the final pavement surface based on profilograph data.
POSSIBLE MECHANISMS INVOLVED IN THE NATRIURETIC RESPONSE TO ATRIAL NATRIURETIC FACTOR (ANF) AND PROANF 31–67 IN THE RAT (1994)

1. The present study was conducted to compare the mechanisms involved in the natriuretic response to atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) and proANF 31-67. The peptides were infused intravenously into anaesthetized rats at 10 pmol/min for 40 min. 2. Only ANF produced a significant decrease in arterial pressure; the maximum decrease was 11 mmHg (P < 0.05). 3. Both peptides produced significant increases in sodium excretion (P < 0.05) but only ANF increased the cyclic GMP (cGMP) excretion rate (P < 0.01) and neither peptide had a significant effect on plasma renin activity or glomerular filtration rate (GFR). ProANF 31-67 did not increase the plasma levels of ANF. 4. These results demonstrate that both ANF and proANF 31-67 have natriuretic effects via a tubular mechanism and suggest that the natriuretic effects of ANF are mediated by cGMP while the excretion, changes in GFR or a reduction in renin secretion.
Equipment Acquisition for the Study of Mechanical Behavior of Materials under High Temperatures and Extreme Conditions (2010)

Abstract : In previous AFOSR-funded (FA9550-06-0214) research, the PI's research laboratory developed new methods capable of characterizing the density of geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs) with micrometer-scale spatial resolution over regions as large as one square millimeter. The PI has another concurrent grant (FA9550-09-1-0048).
Absolute total and partial cross sections for ionization of nucleobases by proton impact in the Bragg peak velocity range (2010)

We present experimental results for proton ionization of nucleobases (adenine, cytosine, thymine, and uracil) based on an event-by-event analysis of the different ions produced combined with an absolute target density determination. We are able to disentangle in detail the various proton ionization channels from mass-analyzed product ion signals in coincidence with the charge-analyzed projectile. In addition we are able to determine a complete set of cross sections for the ionization of these molecular targets by 20--150 keV protons including the total and partial cross sections and the direct-ionization and electron-capture cross sections.
Catalysis with Organic Molecules: A Success Story in Modern Catalytic Chemistry (2004)

The chemistry of non-natural organic catalysts has a relatively short history. With the exception of a few substances, which were purely found by chance in the last century, the systematic work on this topic began in 1908. At that time Bredig and Fajans discovered the stereospecific catalytic effect of optically active alkaloids. In 1924 the author learned about these studies in Karlsruhe and began to focus on the problem of organic catalysis."
Automatic categorization of query results (2004)

Exploratory ad-hoc queries could return too many answers - a phenomenon commonly referred to as "information overload". In this paper, we propose to automatically categorize the results of SQL queries to address this problem. We dynamically generate a labeled, hierarchical category structure - users can determine whether a category is relevant or not by examining simply its label; she can then explore just the relevant categories and ignore the remaining ones, thereby reducing information overload. We first develop analytical models to estimate information overload faced by a user for a given exploration. Based on those models, we formulate the categorization problem as a cost optimization problem and develop heuristic algorithms to compute the min-cost categorization.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND MASS SPECTRA OF SOME PHOSPHADIPEPTIDES (1978)

Abstract Durch Umsetzung der Dithiophosphonsäuren (I) mit den α‐Amino‐carbonsäureestern (II) unter Zugabe von N,N′‐Dicyxlohexyl‐carbodiimid erhält man die Dipeptide (III), deren pharmakologische Wirkung untersucht wird.
Biodegradation of Phenol-Pb Contaminated Clay Soil (2008)

Various methods are being investigated to treat soils contaminated with organic and metal wastes. Hence the effect of metal wastes on the biodegradation of organic waste must be investigated. Since higher levels of phenol contaminated soils are encountered with metals in industrial and hazardous waste sites, in this study, acclimate sludge was used to treat up to 10,000 mg/kg of phenol contaminated soils. Synthetically contaminated soil consisting of 80% sand and 20% clay was used in this study. The effect of lead on the biodegradation of phenol was found to be significant at concentration higher than 30 mg/L lead in the aqueous phase. The growth of biomass was not affected up to a lead concentration of 30 mg/L but was reduced by about 99% when the lead concentration was 120 mg/L.
INFLUENCE OF SORBITOL ON BILIARY SECRETION IN THE PRERUMINANT CALF (1984)

With sorbitol in preruminant calf feeding, biliary secretion increases, according to the sorbitol intake and bile flow level. Output increase involves minerals and is not necessarily accompanied by an increased excretion of organic matter or biliary salts. Key words: Bile, secretion, sorbitol, preruminant, calf, biliary salts, minerals
Serum Heparin-binding Epidermal Growth Factor-like Growth Factor (HB-EGF) as a Biomarker for Primary Ovarian Cancer (2017)

Ovarian cancer is the most lethal malignancy among gynaecological cancers. Although many anticancer agents have been developed for the treatment of ovarian cancer, it continues to have an extremely poor prognosis. Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like grown factor (HB-EGF) has been reported to be a rational therapeutic target for ovarian cancer. Here, we evaluated the clinical significance of serum HB-EGF by examining the association between prognosis and serum HB-EGF levels in patients with primary ovarian cancer. We found that high serum HB-EGF concentrations were significantly associated with poor prognosis in a combined cohort of patients with all stages of ovarian cancer, as well as in a subset of patients with advanced disease. In addition, serum HB-EGF levels increased as the cancer advanced. These data suggest that serum HB-EGF may be a target for the design of novel therapies for ovarian cancer.
Oxidative Addition of N‐Aminophthalimide to Conjugated and Nonconjugated Alkylazoalkanes. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Mutations of the Light Meromyosin Domain of the β-Myosin Heavy Chain Rod in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (2002)

Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is caused by mutations in 9 sarcomeric protein genes. The most commonly affected is beta-myosin heavy chain (MYH7), where missense mutations cluster in the head and neck regions and directly affect motor function. Comparable mutations have not been described in the light meromyosin (LMM) region of the myosin rod, nor would these be expected to directly affect motor function. We studied 82 probands with HCM in whom no mutations had been found in MYH7 exons encoding the head and neck regions of myosin nor in the other frequently implicated disease genes. Primers were designed to amplify exons 24 to 40 of MYH7. These amplimers were subjected to temperature modulated heteroduplex analysis by denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography. An Ala1379Thr missense mutation in exon 30 segregated with disease in three families and was not present in 200 normal chromosomes. The mutation occurred on two haplotypes, indicating that it was not a polymorphism linked with another disease-causing mutation. The position of this residue within the LMM region of myosin suggests that it may be important for thick filament assembly or for accessory protein binding. A further missense mutation in exon 37, Ser1776Gly, segregated with disease in a single family and was absent from 400 population-matched control chromosomes. Because the Ser1776 residue occupies a core position in the myosin rod at which the substitution of glycine is extremely energetically unfavorable, it is likely to disrupt the coiled-coil structure. We conclude that mutation of the LMM can cause HCM and that such mutations may act through novel mechanisms of disease pathogenesis involving myosin filament assembly or interaction with thick filament binding proteins.
Oxytocin Regulates Neurosteroid Modulation of GABA<sub>A</sub>Receptors in Supraoptic Nucleus around Parturition (2003)

In this study, we investigate how neurosteroid sensitivity of GABA(A) receptors (GABA(A)Rs) is regulated. We examined this issue in neurons of the supraoptic nucleus (SON) of the rat and found that, during parturition, the GABA(A)Rs become insensitive to the neurosteroid allopregnanolone attributable to a shift in the balance between the activities of endogenous Ser/Thr phosphatase and PKC. In particular, a constitutive endogenous tone of oxytocin within the SON after parturition suppressed neurosteroid sensitivity of GABA(A)Rs via activation of PKC. Vice versa before parturition, during late pregnancy, application of exogenous oxytocin brings the GABA(A)Rs from a neurosteroid-sensitive mode toward a condition in which the receptors are not sensitive. This indicates that there may be an inverse causal relationship between the extent to which the GABA(A)R or one of its interacting proteins is phosphorylated and the neurosteroid sensitivity of the GABA(A)R. Neurosteroid sensitivity was not affected by changes in subunit composition of GABA(A)Rs known to occur concurrently in these cells.
ChemInform Abstract: NUCLEOSIDE TRANSFORMATIONS, 1. TRANSFORMATION OF ADENOSINE INTO 2′‐ AND 3′‐AZIDO, ‐AMINO AND ‐CHLORO SUBSTITUTED DEOXYADENOSINES (1976)

Abstract Beim Erhitzen des bekannten Jodhydrins (I) mit LiCl in DMF erfolgt nucleophile Substitution unter Konfigurationsumkehr zum Chlorderivat (IIa), das bei Behandlung mit Na‐methylat in das Chloradenosin (IIb) übergeht.
An Effective Activation of <i>O</i>-Trimethylsilyl Monothioacetal under Extremely Mild Conditions Using a Novel Catalyst System, Trimethylsilyl Chloride and Indium(III) Chloride (1990)

Abstract A novel catalyst system, trimethylsilyl chloride and indium(III) chloride, effectively catalyzes the reaction of O-trimethylsilyl monothioacetals with triethylsilane and silylated carbon nucleophiles, respectively, to afford the corresponding sulfide derivatives in good to high yields.
Erratum: Energetics of defect motion which transports polyethylene molecules along their axis (1980)

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Use of iron-59 to measure the primary quantum yield of the reaction Fe 3+ aq hv 2537 ? Fe2++ H++ OH (1962)

M. G. Adamson, D. L. Baulch and F. S. Dainton, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1962, 58, 1388 DOI: 10.1039/TF9625801388
Novel Diphosphinoiridium Catalysts for the Enantioselective Hydrogenation of <i>N</i>‐Arylketimines (1990)

Optical yields as high as 84% ee and turnover numbers up to 10000 are achievable when a catalyst system consisting of [Ir(C8H12)Cl]2, a chiral diphtisphino compound, and iodide is used in the enantioselective hydrogenation of N-arylketimines 1. The anti/syn ratio of the imines has no influence on the selectivity of the hydrogenation.
Unmanned Systems Network-Centric Operations (2005)

This presentation describes the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center, San Diego's (SSC San Diego), role in network-centric operations for unmanned systems. It is SSC San Diego's goal to be the nation's pre-eminent provider of integrated C4ISR solutions for warrior information dominance. These briefing charts cover the following topics: FORCEnet Services Infrastructure (FSI); Composeable FORCEnet; Enabling Technologies, such as Unmanned Vehicles, Sensors/Payloads, Secure Wireless Networks, Data Management and Fusion; Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (UUVs); Unmanned Systems Command and Control (C2); Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV) C2 Interoperability; Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) C2; Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Mission System; UGV Remote Operations; Networked Intelligence Surveillance and Reconnaissance (NISR); NISR Objectives; Requirements, including Operational Approach and Core Requirements; Spiral Development; Phase I Development, including Development Challenges and Design Decisions; Phase I Block Diagram; NISR Phase I Network Layout; Web Controller; NISR Phase II; Phase II Development, including Development Challenges and Design Decisions; Phase II Block Diagram; Phase II Network Layout; NISR Operation - Direct Control; NISR Scenario - Collaboration; Collaboration Scenario; NISR Spiral Development; and Partners in this collaboration.
Lung Mechanics, Gas Exchange and Central Circulation during Treatment of Intra-Abdominal Hemorrhage with Pneumatic Anti-Shock Garment and Intra-Aortic Balloon Occlusion (1994)

Standardized intra-abdominal hemorrhage was induced in 7 anesthetized pigs. The resulting hypovolemic shock was treated with pneumatic anti-shock garment (PASG) followed by intra-aortic balloon occlusion. The effects of this treatment on circulation, lung mechanics and gas exchange were studied. Hemorrhage was induced by pulling out sutures introduced in the inferior caval vein. We found that the use of PASG partially restored mean arterial blood pressure from 44 +/- 6 to 66 +/- 6 mm Hg. When intraaortic balloon occlusion was added, the arterial pressure returned to basal levels. Cardiac output fell severely due to the hemorrhage from 3.7 +/- 0.2 to 1.3 +/- 0.2 liters/min and could not be restored during the treatment. A severe fall in total lung compliance was recorded after inflation of the PASG from 18.6 +/- 0.9 to 10 +/- 0.7 ml/cm H2O, this was accompanied by a fall in alveolar ventilation. These findings emphasize the severe restriction in lung function that occurred during treatment with PASG. Both parameters returned to near normal values when the PASG was deflated and the intra-aortic balloon was inflated. Pulmonary vascular resistance increased by more than 400% and remained high during the study period. There was no change in arterial PO2, however the fall in mixed venous PO2 caused by hemorrhage was reversed at the end of the treatment. Indirect monitoring of cerebral function by continuous EEG showed a decreased voltage during the hemorrhage, this was reversed by the combined treatment. We conclude that the outlined treatment makes it possible to restore central hemodynamics and preserve cerebral function at least for a short period of time until definite surgical treatment can be performed. However, severe restriction on lung mechanics, especially when PASG was inflated, makes it probable that ventilatory support can be necessary in such cases.
Intracranial Aneurysms and Sickle Cell Anemia: Multiplicity and Propensity for the Vertebrobasilar Territory (1998)

There are strong statistical associations for aneurysm multiplicity and sites of aneurysm occurrence among reported patients with sickle cell disease. Patients with sickle cell anemia and neurological symptoms should undergo magnetic resonance angiography or four-vessel angiography to detect potentially harmful, but neurosurgically treatable, pathological conditions.
GENETIC CHANGES IN ATTENUATED POLIOVIRUS STRAINS CULTIVATED ON HUMAN INTENSIVE IN VITRO1 (1968)

Human embryonic intestine in organ culture was found to support the multiplication of polioviruses for periods up to 4 months. The character of attenuated Type 3 strains following cultivation in this system was found to change from rct/40− to rct/40+, while Type 1 attenuated viruses remained rct/40− even after prolonged multiplication (up to 73 days in the same system). The growth rate of virulent H-24 strain was much higher than that of attenuated WM-3 virus in the intestinal explants. Similarly, an rct/40+ guanidine-re-sistant mutant of WM-3 virus, both singly and when mixed with the original rct/40− guanidine-sensitive strain, was more infectious and multiplied to higher riters in the explants. These results appear to be similar to the observed behavior of Type 3 virus strains in the human intestinal tract, and offer an explanation for the tendency to lose markers associated with attenuation.
Flow and Thermal Characteristics of Condensing Steam in a Single Horizontal Mini-Channel of a Multiport Cylinder Dryer (2010)

In papermaking processes it is well known that the dryer uses the greatest amount of energy and has costly components compared with other devices. These dryers thus offer outstanding opportunities for energy savings and cost reduction. Recently, Argonne National Laboratory developed the concept of a multiport cylinder dryer in which the steam flows through “ports,” or longitudinally oriented mini-channels, which are close to the cylinder–dryer surface. It was reported that the innovative design minimized the condensate layer thickness and increased the dryer shell's surface temperature. However, no systematically obtained experimental data are available. In this study we conducted experiments to investigate the flow and thermal characteristics of condensing steam in a single horizontal mini-channel, which represents a part of a multiport cylinder dryer. Based on the results, the flow pattern through a single horizontal mini-channel is presented. Also, we observed that the condensing heat transfer coefficient in the single horizontal mini-channel was about seven times higher than that of a conventional dryer with spoiler bars. Finally, the effects of the steam mass flux, system pressure, and aspect ratio of the mini-channel on the average condensing heat transfer coefficients as well as the pressure drops are presented.
Induction of xenotransplant tolerance. (2000)

Clinical xenotransplantation will depend on the induction of xeno-tolerance. Conversely, xenotransplantation may offer opportunities to induce transplantation tolerance. We have previously shown that, xenotransplant tolerance for vascularized hamster organs could be achieved in athymic rats as far as the T-cell independent xeno-reactivity is concerned. This tolerance was shown to be based on specific T-independent B lymphocyte and NK cell unresponsiveness. In the present study we have shown that this T-independent xeno-tolerance can be achieved also in a semi-discordant situation using rat recipients with high titers of pre-existing anti-hamster IgM xenoantibodies. In addition, we showed that T-independent xeno-tolerance can also be induced together with T-dependent xeno-tolerance using xeno-thymus transplantation. These experiments may be of relevance for clinical xenotransplantation. The major next question to be addressed is to see how self tolerance in xeno-thymus grafted recipients can be improved as until now the latter recipients usually develop a multi-organ autoimmune syndrome, several weeks after transplanting a xeno-thymus.
In vitro microbiological evaluation of TEI-1194 and TEI-2012, novel antipseudomonal semisynthetic penicillins. (1979)

TEI-1194, sodium 6-[D-(-)-alpha-(coumarin-3-carboxamide)-phenylacetamide] penicillanate and TEI-2012, sodium 6[D-(-)alpha-(8-hydroxy-coumarin-3-carboxamide)-phenylacetamide] penicillanate are new semisynthetic penicillin derivatives both possessing a broad spectrum of in vitro antibacterial activities. Minimal inhibitory concentrations of both agents were compared with carbenicillin. TEI-1194 and TEI-2012 were clearly found to have more potent activities especially against Pseudomonas aeruginosa than carbenicillin. At a concentration at 6.25 micrograms/ml, 85 approximately 90% of a total of 50 strains of clinically isolated P. aeruginosa were inhibited by TEI-1194 and TEI-2012, whereas carbenicillin had no effect. Evaluation of the antibacterial activity against a series of mutants producing different levels of beta-lactamases and test of the susceptibilities to some beta-lactamases demonstrated that TEI-1194 and TEI-2012 had low susceptibility to various cephalosporinases. However, both compounds were susceptible to penicillinase from Klebsiella pneumoniae H-2 at a rate of about 15% of penicillin-G taking its absolute rate as 100.
Crystal Structures of DNA-Whirly Complexes and Their Role in <i>Arabidopsis</i> Organelle Genome Repair  (2010)

DNA double-strand breaks are highly detrimental to all organisms and need to be quickly and accurately repaired. Although several proteins are known to maintain plastid and mitochondrial genome stability in plants, little is known about the mechanisms of DNA repair in these organelles and the roles of specific proteins. Here, using ciprofloxacin as a DNA damaging agent specific to the organelles, we show that plastids and mitochondria can repair DNA double-strand breaks through an error-prone pathway similar to the microhomology-mediated break-induced replication observed in humans, yeast, and bacteria. This pathway is negatively regulated by the single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) binding proteins from the Whirly family, thus indicating that these proteins could contribute to the accurate repair of plant organelle genomes. To understand the role of Whirly proteins in this process, we solved the crystal structures of several Whirly-DNA complexes. These reveal a nonsequence-specific ssDNA binding mechanism in which DNA is stabilized between domains of adjacent subunits and rendered unavailable for duplex formation and/or protein interactions. Our results suggest a model in which the binding of Whirly proteins to ssDNA would favor accurate repair of DNA double-strand breaks over an error-prone microhomology-mediated break-induced replication repair pathway.
Synthesis of CPZEN-45: Construction of the 1,4-Diazepin-2-one Core by the Cu-Catalyzed Intramolecular Amidation of a Vinyl Iodide (2016)

CPZEN-45 was developed as an antibiotic against Mycobacterium tuberculosis by the chemical modification of caprazamycins. CPZEN-45 has been synthesized in this study by the Cu-catalyzed intramolecular amidation of a complex vinyl iodide precursor bearing uridine and sugar moieties with a secondary amide, allowing for the construction of its 1,4-diazepin-2-one core.
The Energy Spectrum of the Decay Particles and the Mass and Spin of the Mesotron (1949)

Energy values determined from curvature measurements of 75 cloud-chamber tracks of decay particles of cosmic-ray mesotrons at sea level, in a magnetic field of 7250 gauss, are here reported. The observed spectrum extends from 9 Mev to 55 Mev with an apparently continuous distribution of intermediate energy values and a mean energy of 34 Mev. The shape of the spectrum and the value of its upper limit are strong evidence that the mesotron disintegrates into an electron and two neutrinos. It is concluded that the mesotron has half-integral spin. The value of the observed upper limit of the energy spectrum corresponds to a mass value of the mesotron equal to 217\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}4 electron masses.