gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Metabolism of Androsterone and 5α-Androstane-3α,17β-Diol in Human Lung Tissue and in Pulmonary Endothelial Cells in Culture* (1985)

The metabolism of [3H]androsterone and [3H] 5 alpha-androstane-3 alpha,17 beta-diol ( [3H] 3 alpha-diol) was studied in slices of human lung tissue and cultures of human pulmonary artery endothelial cells. Lung tissue metabolized [3H]androsterone (0.25 microM) to 5 alpha-androstane-3,17-dione (30.3 pmol 100 mg-1 tissue h-1), isoandrosterone (0.7 pmol 100 mg-1 tissue h-1), 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (5 alpha-DHT; 0.1 pmol 100 mg-1 tissue h-1), 3 alpha-diol (0.1 pmol 100 mg-1 tissue h-1), and two polar metabolites. Pulmonary arterial endothelial cells produced the same metabolites of [3H]androsterone (0.083 microM), with the exception of the polar compounds [5 alpha-androstane-3,17-dione (1.3 pmol mg-1 protein h-1), isoandrosterone (0.1 pmol mg-1 protein h-1), 5 alpha-DHT (0.2 pmol mg-1 protein h-1), and 3 alpha-diol (0.2 pmol mg-1 protein h-1)]. Thus, the principal metabolite of [3H]androsterone in both lung tissue and endothelial cells was 5 alpha-androstane-3,17-dione. Human lung tissue metabolized [3H]3 alpha-diol (0.28 microM) to 5 alpha-DHT (8.8 pmol 100 mg-1 tissue h-1), androsterone (2.2 pmol 100 mg-1 tissue h-1), 5 alpha-androstane-3,17-dione (0.8 pmol 100 mg-1 tissue h-1), isoandrosterone (0.1 pmol 100 mg-1 tissue h-1), and four polar metabolites (0.2 pmol 100 mg-1 tissue h-1). 5 alpha-DHT was the principal metabolite of [3H]3 alpha-diol within the first hour of incubation, but the concentration of this androgen declined thereafter to 3.6 pmol 100 mg-1 tissue after 4 h of incubation. This decline was correlated with increased 5 alpha-androstane-3,17-dione synthesis (6.7 pmol 100 mg-1 tissue 4 h-1). Androsterone formation from [3H]3 alpha-diol, however, was linear with time of incubation for 4 h (8.9 pmol 100 mg-1 tissue 4 h-1). The formation of these products demonstrates that the principal 5 alpha-reduced-C19-steroid-metabolizing enzymes in human lung are 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase.
DeepSurf: a surface-based deep learning approach for the prediction of ligand binding sites on proteins (2021)

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Present status of terms and definition on the measurement uncertainty. (1988)

測定の信頼性を表示する、 精度に関する用語の定義の現状を国内並びに国際機関の規格について比較し、 その統一化に向けての最近の動向について紹介する。
THE HUMAN VISUAL CORTEX (2004)

The discovery and analysis of cortical visual areas is a major accomplishment of visual neuroscience. In the past decade the use of noninvasive functional imaging, particularly functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), has dramatically increased our detailed knowledge of the functional organization of the human visual cortex and its relation to visual perception. The fMRI method offers a major advantage over other techniques applied in neuroscience by providing a large-scale neuroanatomical perspective that stems from its ability to image the entire brain essentially at once. This bird's eye view has the potential to reveal large-scale principles within the very complex plethora of visual areas. Thus, it could arrange the entire constellation of human visual areas in a unified functional organizational framework. Here we review recent findings and methods employed to uncover the functional properties of the human visual cortex focusing on two themes: functional specialization and hierarchical processing.
Testing of fine motor skills in dental students (2000)

Manual skills form only a part of the capabilities required of future dentists, but they are a very important component, which should be tested. With regard to the dental specialties, the present study tested specialty-independent fine motor skills. No objective, practical solution has been found up to now. 88 dental students and, as a control group, 23 medical students were examined in the longitudinal study. In the course of the analysis, 4 fine motor tests were carried out at the beginning of the 2nd and 6th semesters. The tests comprised the tremometer test, the tremometer test with a mirror, the 2-hand sinusoid test and archery using the Game Gear by SEGA. The test devices facilitate primarily the testing of components of accuracy of movements, indirect working methods, and eye-hand coordination. In the comparison of performances on test day A, the medical students' performance was noticeably better. As testing progressed, results showed stagnation in the performance of the medical students and a significant improvement in the performance of the dental students. That means that the test system can be used for a test over the course of study, but not as an initial test.
염증성 근병증의 임상적 고찰 (1995)

목적: 염증성 근병증의 임상적 특징, 검사실 소견 및 자가항체에 대한 자료를 분석하여 국내 및 국외의 다른 보고와 비교하고자 하였다. 방법: 1989년 1월부터 1994년 8월까지 가톨릭의대 강남성모병원 내과에 입원하여 다발성근염-피부근염으로 진단된 52명의 환자를 대상으로 의무기록에 의한 후향적 조사를 시행하였다. 환자는 Bohan파 Peter에 의해 제안된 5가지 아형으로 구분하였는데, I군은 원발성 다발성근염, II군 원발성 피부근염, III군 악성종양과 동반된 경우, IV군 연소형 다발성근염-피부근염, V군 교원성 질환 중복군으로 하였다. 결과: 1) 대상환자의 평균연령온 34.4세(6-67)이었고, 여성의 비율이 월등히 높았다(남녀비=9:43). 2) 52명의 환자중 2군이 36.5%로 가장 많았고, 다음으로 I군 28.8%, V군 25%, IV군 5.7%, III군 3.8%의 순이었다. V군의 경우 전신성 홍반성 루푸스가 가장 혼히 통반되어 나타났고, 악성종양은 유방암, 폐소세포암 1예 이었다. 3) 내원 당시 근위부 근약화가 86.5%로 가장 많은 증상이었고, 관절증세는 61.5%, 레이노 현상 44.2%의 순으로 나타났다. 4) 혈청 LDH, aldolase, CPK의 상승은 각각 84.6%, 84.1%, 71.2%에서 나타났고, 근전도 및 근생검은 각각 91.4%, 88.8%에서 염증성 근병중에 합당한 소견을 보였다. 5) 항핵항체, 류마티스 인자, 항Ro항체, 항nRNP항체는 각각 59.6% 17.3%, 16.7%, 8.3%에서 나타났고, 주로 V군에서 높은 비율을 보였다. 항Jo-1항체는 25.8%(31명중 8명)에서 양성을 보였다. 6) 항Jo-1항체가 양성인 8명환자 모두에서 간질성 폐질환 및 레이노드 현상이 관찰되어 항Jo-1항체 음성군에 비해 유의한 증가도 보였다(P<0.01). 7) 추적조사가 가능하였던 43명의 환자중 10명에서 사망하여 23.2%의 사망율을 보였고, 주된 사인은 감염이 4예로 가장 많았고, 호흡근마비, 간질성 폐질환에 의한 호흡부전, 악성종양의 전이가 각각 2예이었다. 결론: 본 조사의 결과로 대부분의 임상적 소견은 외국 및 국내보고와 유사하였으나 외국보고와는 달리 피부근염이 다발성근염에 비해 더 높은 빈도를 보였는데 이러한 차이에 대해서는 향후 계속적인 임상적 조사를 통해 차이점을 규명할 필요가 있다고 생각되고, 항Jo-1항체는 간질성 폐질환, 레이노 현상같은 근육의 증상과 밀접한 연관을 나타내어 이에 대한 지속적인 연구가 뒤따라야 할 것으로 사료된다.
Feed and Water Management of the Broiler Chick for the First 72 Hours (1978)

Chicks which were hatch-mates were placed in rearing facilities 4 hr and 24 hr after removal from the hatchers. One-half of the birds placed at each of these times received only water for 12 hr before being given access to feed. The other half received both water and feed simultaneously. Birds that were placed in the pens 4 hr after removal from the hatchers were significantly (P≤.01) heavier at 28, 49, and 56 days of age than birds which were held in the hatchery for 24 hr prior to placement. There were no significant effects on the birds’ weight or feed conversion which could be attributed to the birds receiving only water for 12 hr or initially receiving both water and feed. There were no significant interactions between the time the birds were placed and whether they initially received only water or water and feed. Three studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of adding various supplements to the drinking water for the first 24 to 72 hr on the weight and feed conversion of broiler chickens. There were no benefits from adding 10% sucrose for 24 hr or 5% sucrose for 72 hr. In one trial, there was a significant (P<.05) weight response at 28 days of age when a vitamin mixture containing penicillin and streptomycin was added to the drinking water for the first 72 hr.
Sensor-based autonomous pipeline monitoring robotic system (2011)

The field of robotics applications continues to advance. This dissertation addresses the computational challenges of robotic applications and translations of actions using sensors. One of the most challenging fields for robotics applications is pipeline-based applications which have become an indispensable part of life. Proactive monitoring and frequent inspections are critical in maintaining pipeline health. However, these tasks are highly expensive using traditional maintenance systems, knowing that pipeline systems can be largely deployed in an inaccessible and hazardous environment. Thus, we propose a novel cost effective, scalable, customizable, and autonomous sensor-based robotic system, called SPRAM System (Sensor-based Autonomous Pipeline Monitoring Robotic System). It combines robot agent based technologies with sensing technologies for efficiently locating health related events and allows active and corrective monitoring and maintenance of the pipelines. The SPRAM System integrates RFID systems with mobile sensors and autonomous robots. While the mobile sensor motion is based on the fluid transported by the pipeline, the fixed sensors provide event and mobile sensor location information and contribute efficiently to the study of health history of the pipeline. In addition, it permits a good tracking of the mobile sensors. Using the output of event analysis, a robot agent gets command from the controlling system, travels inside the pipelines for detailed inspection and repairing of the reported incidents (e.g., damage, leakage, or corrosion). The key innovations of the proposed system are 3-fold: (a) the system can apply to a large variety of pipeline systems; (b) the solution provided is cost effective since it uses low cost powerless fixed sensors that can be setup while the pipeline system is operating; (c) the robot is autonomous and the localization technique allows controllable errors. In this dissertation, some simulation experiments described along with prototyping activities demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed system.
Dimensionality reduction strategy based on auto-encoder (2015)

Auto-encoder is a tricky three-layered neural network, which constructs the "building block" of deep learning that has been demonstrated to achieve good performance in various domains. In this paper, we focus on auto-encoder's dimensionality reduction ability, and try to investigate whether auto-encoder has some kind of good property that can accumulate when being stacked, thus contribute to the success of deep learning.
Structural Steel Design (1980)

Contents: General Design Considerations; Elements of Frame, Truss, and Bridge Design; Elastic, Plastic, and Buckling Behavior of Structural Steel; Design of Beams for Bending Design of Tension Members; Axially Loaded Columns and Struts; Beam-Column Design; Bolted and Riveted Connections; Welded Connections and Plate Girders.
Problems with the hydroxyapatite orbital implant: experience with 250 consecutive cases. (1994)

The coral derived hydroxyapatite sphere is a popular, integrated orbital implant designed to provide improved motility of the ocular prosthesis following enucleation. Although the implant has rapidly become widely used by ophthalmologists, little information is available regarding the problems of this technique in a large series of cases. Experience with 250 consecutive cases of hydroxyapatite orbital implant use was reviewed and the problems of the implants and their management investigated specifically. The reasons for enucleation included uveal melanoma (157 cases), retinoblastoma (70 cases), blind painful eye (22 cases), and intraocular medulloepithelioma (one case). Earlier treatment to the eye was performed before enucleation in 47 cases and included repair of ruptured globe (17 cases), plaque radiotherapy (18 cases), external beam radiotherapy (six cases), and others (six cases). During a mean of 23 months' follow up (range 6-40 months), there have been no recognisable cases of orbital haemorrhage related to the implant, and no cases of implant extrusion or implant migration. There was one case of presumed orbital infection (culture negative) that resolved with intravenous antibiotics and the implant was retained within the orbit. Other problems included conjunctival thinning in eight cases managed by observation and prosthesis adjustment, and conjunctival erosion in four cases managed by combinations of scleral patch graft, conjunctival flap, and prosthesis adjustment. The conjunctival erosion was caused by a poorly fitting prosthesis in three cases and wound dehiscence in one case. The problem rate in eyes receiving prior radiotherapy or surgery was not increased. The hydroxyapatite integrated orbital implant is a well tolerated motility implant without the high rate of extrusion and infection seen with other motility implants. The prosthesis fit may contribute to the tolerance of the implant.
Seismic Architecture and Lithofacies of Turbidites in Lake Mead (Arizona and Nevada, U.S.A.), an Analogue for Topographically Complex Basins (2005)

Abstract Turbidites, which have accumulated in Lake Mead since completion of the Hoover Dam in 1935, have been mapped using high-resolution seismic and coring techniques. This lake is an exceptional natural laboratory for studying fine-grained turbidite systems in complex topographic settings. The lake comprises four relatively broad basins separated by narrow canyons, and turbidity currents run the full length of the lake. The mean grain size of turbidites is mostly coarse silt, and the sand content decreases from 11–30% in beds in the easternmost basin nearest the source to 3–14% in the central basins to 1–2% in the most distal basin. Regionally, the seismic amplitude mimics the core results and decreases away from the source. The facies and morphology of the sediment surface varies between basins and suggests a regional progression from higher-energy and possibly channelized flows in the easternmost basin to unchannelized flows in the central two basins to unchannelized flows that are ponded by the Hoover Dam in the westernmost basin. At the local scale, turbidites are nearly flat-lying in the central two basins, but here the morphology of the basin walls strongly affects the distribution of facies. One of the two basins is relatively narrow, and in sinuous sections reflection amplitude increases toward the outsides of meanders. Where a narrow canyon debouches into a broad basin, reflection amplitude decreases radially away from the canyon mouth and forms a fan-like deposit. The fine-grained nature of the turbidites in the most distal basin and the fact that reflections drape the underlying pre-impoundment surface suggest ponding here. The progression from ponding in the most distal basin to possibly channelized flows in the most proximal basin shows in plan view a progression similar to the stratigraphic progression documented in several minibasins in the Gulf of Mexico.
Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology position stand: The use of instability to train the core in athletic and nonathletic conditioning (2010)

The use of instability devices and exercises to train the core musculature is an essential feature of many training centres and programs. It was the intent of this position stand to provide recommendations regarding the role of instability in resistance training programs designed to train the core musculature. The core is defined as the axial skeleton and all soft tissues with a proximal attachment originating on the axial skeleton, regardless of whether the soft tissue terminates on the axial or appendicular skeleton. Core stability can be achieved with a combination of muscle activation and intra-abdominal pressure. Abdominal bracing has been shown to be more effective than abdominal hollowing in optimizing spinal stability. When similar exercises are performed, core and limb muscle activation are reported to be higher under unstable conditions than under stable conditions. However, core muscle activation that is similar to or higher than that achieved in unstable conditions can also be achieved with ground-based free-weight exercises, such as Olympic lifts, squats, and dead lifts. Since the addition of unstable bases to resistance exercises can decrease force, power, velocity, and range of motion, they are not recommended as the primary training mode for athletic conditioning. However, the high muscle activation with the use of lower loads associated with instability resistance training suggests they can play an important role within a periodized training schedule, in rehabilitation programs, and for nonathletic individuals who prefer not to use ground-based free weights to achieve musculoskeletal health benefits.
Introduction to Agarose and Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis Matrices with Respect to Their Detection Sensitivities (2012)

Introduction to Agarose and Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis Matrices with Respect to Their Detection Sensitivities
Digestion and physiological properties of resistant starch in the human large bowel (1996)

The digestion of four sources of resistant starch (RS) has been studied in twelve healthy volunteers who ate controlled diets for 15 d periods. RS from potato, banana, wheat and maize (17-30 g/d) was compared with a starch-free diet, a diet containing wheat starch that was fully digested in the small intestine, and with 18.4 g NSP from brand/d. RS increased stool wet weight by 1.6 g/d per g RS fed for potato, 1.7 for banana, 2.5 for wheat and 2.7 for maize, but this was significantly less than bran NSP at 4.9 g/g. RS was extensively digested in twenty-seven of thirty-four diet periods but five subjects were unable to break down one or two of the RS sources. Faecal N and energy excretion were increased. RS decreased NSP breakdown and RS2 (resistant starch granules) tended to prolong transit time. All forms of RS increased faecal total short-chain fatty acid excretion. RS2 (from potato and banana) gave greater proportions of acetate in faeces, and RS3 (retrograded starch from wheat and maize) more propionate. We have concluded that RS2 and RS3 are broken down in the human gut, probably in the colon although in 26% of cases this breakdown was impaired. RS exerts mild laxative properties, predominantly through stimulation of biomass excretion but also through some sparing of NSP breakdown.
Triggering of seismicity at short timescales following Californian earthquakes (2003)

A method for measuring seismicity rate changes caused by the occurrence of major earthquakes in the surrounding crust is proposed. It is based on a nonstationary Poisson modeling of earthquake activity. An estimate of the seismicity rate change and a probability measure of seismicity triggering following a large shock are derived, and the removal of the influence of independent aftershock sequences of other nearby, previous earthquakes is attempted, without using more traditional declustering techniques. The seismicity rate change estimator is corrected for its natural bias in favor of positive changes, at short timescales, that has so far strongly hindered measures of seismicity quiescences. Three Californian earthquakes are examined using this method: the 1989 M 7.1 Loma Prieta, the 1992 M 7.3 Landers, and the 1994 M 6.7 Northridge earthquakes. Positive triggering is very commonly observed, as expected, but quiescence is, however, more seldomly obtained, for timescales up to 100 days after the main shock. This relative absence of quiescence, as compared to typical predictions of Coulomb modeling, for example, is also independently observed through direct correlation analyses of Californian seismicity. The possibility that the stresses caused by the main shock are spatially highly variable may explain these observations.
Advances in spectrum analysis and array processing (1991)

In this, the third and final volume in the series, ten experts investigate a broad range of topics covering fundamental issues and applications in popular and new algorithms for Spectral Analysis and Array Processing. It covers optimal model-based processing techniques for the detection of multiple narrowband sources; two-dimensional angle estimation; direction-finding algorithms for closely-spaced source scenarios; and the use of neural networks in solving source location problems.
Effects of exogenous hexoses on bovine in vitro fertilized and cloned embryo development: Improved blastocyst formation after glucose replacement with fructose in a serum‐free culture medium (2003)

To evaluate the embryotrophic role of three hexoses (glucose, fructose, and galactose), bovine embryos derived from somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) or in vitro-fertilization (IVF) were cultured in a modified synthetic oviductal fluid (mSOF), which contained either glucose (1.5 or 5.6 mM), fructose (1.5 or 5.6 mM), or galactose (1.5 or 5.6 mM). Compared to 1.5 mM glucose, use of 1.5 mM fructose significantly enhanced blastocyst formation in both SCNT (23 vs. 33%) and IVF embryos (26 vs. 34%), while 5.6 mM fructose did not improve blastocyst formation. Using 1.5 mM galactose did not improve blastocyst formation in SCNT embryos (22 vs. 23%), whereas it significantly inhibited blastocyst formation in IVF embryos (26 vs. 0%). In both SCNT and IVF embryos, 5.6 mM glucose or galactose significantly inhibited embryo development. In a second experiment, in glucose-free mSOF, fructose at concentrations of 0.75, 1.5, 3.0, or 5.6 mM was able to support to morula (32-42 vs. 12%) and blastocyst formation (30-38 vs. 12%) compared to 0 mM fructose. In Experiment 3, addition of fructose (1.5, 3.0, or 5.6 mM) to mSOF containing 1.5 mM glucose did not further promote blastocyst formation in SCNT embryos compared with replacement with 1.5 mM fructose only. Replacement of glucose with 1.5 mM fructose significantly increased total blastomeres (143 vs. 123 cells) and trophectodermal (TE) cells (116 vs. 94 cells) and decreased inner cell mass (ICM) to TE cell ratio (0.24 vs. 0.31) in blastocysts, compared to 1.5 mM glucose. The combined addition of 1.5 mM fructose and glucose significantly increased ICM cell number (36.7 cells) and ICM/TE ratio (0.46). In conclusion, fructose might be a more efficient energy substrate than glucose for producing large number of transferable blastocysts derived from SCNT.
Acute stroke evaluated by time-to-peak mapping during initial and early follow-up perfusion CT studies. (2000)

Perfusion CT is potentially useful for detecting cerebral perfusion deficits in acute ischemic stroke before morphologic changes are observable on native CT scans. Compared with a locally restricted ROI-based evaluation, time-to-peak maps provide sensitive, global indications of malperfused brain areas, facilitate lesion localization, and allow assessment of the evolution of the infarction during follow-up.
Does the Donor−Acceptor Concept Work for Designing Synthetic Metals? 1. Theoretical Investigation of Poly(3-cyano-3‘-hydroxybithiophene) (2002)

Homo- and copolymers of hydroxythiophene and cyanothiophene have been investigated by employing density functional theory with the aim of determining the effect of donor−acceptor substitution on the electronic structure. The band gap of the copolymer is 0.11 eV smaller than that of polythiophene. Bandwidths of valence and conduction bands are reduced by 0.22 and 0.36 eV compared to polybithiophene. Conductivity after p- and n-doping could therefore be less than that of polythiophene. All properties of the copolymer are averages between those of the homopolymers. The charge separation between hydroxy- and cyano-substituted rings is 0.12 e in the neutral state and 0.13 e and the dication. The ionization potential and electron affinity of poly(hydroxythiophene) are 1.78 and 1.63 eV smaller than those of poly(cyanothiophene). According to the donor−acceptor concept, a decrease in band gap and an increase in bandwidths compared to the homopolymers should have resulted. We rationalize the absence of band broadening with reduced interaction between fragments with very different energies in agreement with perturbation theory.