gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of Analytical Techniques to Study H2S Poisoning of PEMFCs and Components (2009)

Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells are sensitive to impurities. H2S at the ppb level will impact fuel cell performance. It is important to quantify H2S adsorption and issues such as permeation and crossover rates become extremely important. Experimental methods have been developed to quantify H2S adsorption onto surfaces and to quantify H2S permeation through Nafion® using common and inexpensive Ag/AgS ion-probes. In addition to calculating the H2S uptake on commonly used XC-72 and Pt/XC-72 materials, the H2S permeability through dry and humidified Nafion® membranes was also studied using specialized techniques. A sulfide anti-oxidant buffer solution was used to trap and concentrate trace quantities of H2S during the course of the measurement. Crossover experiments were conducted for up to 24 hours in order to achieve sulfide ion concentrations high enough to be precisely determined by subsequent titration. We have confirmed H2S crossover in Nafion® membranes and have calculated preliminary rates of crossover.
Alterations in serum steroid concentrations in the clearnose skate,Raja eglanteria: Correlations with season and reproductive status (1999)

Serum steroid hormones in the peripheral circulation of the clearnose skate, Raja eglanteria, were measured at the time of capture and at various times throughout the year while the animals were maintained as a captive breeding population. These analyses demonstrate interesting correlations between changes in hormone concentrations and annual reproductive events. Animals were sampled once (78 females, 20 males) or multiple times (15 females). For both groups of females, 17beta-estradiol was detected throughout the year with significant elevations occurring during October and November when ovarian follicles begin to mature (as determined through necropsy examinations), and January and February when maximum mating activity is observed and egg laying begins. Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone concentrations were significantly elevated in females only during January and February. Testosterone elevations were synchronous with longer-term elevations in 17beta-estradiol in females sampled either once or repetitively. Testosterone concentrations in males were significantly elevated during times of maximum breeding activity compared to periods of sexual inactivity. Data from females sampled during five stages of the egg laying process, as defined by the position of palpable egg capsules within the reproductive tract, revealed that 17beta-estradiol was highest when egg capsules were forming in the nidamental gland (stage 2) or uterus (stage 3); testosterone and dihydrotestosterone were maximal when eggs were in the uterus (stage 3) or cloaca (stage 4); and progesterone was significantly elevated immediately after oviposition (stage 5), suggesting a possible role for progesterone in the regulation of sequential laying of egg pairs. J. Exp. Zool. 284:575-585, 1999.
Implementation of phase shift focus monitor under modified illumination [photolithography] (2002)

For the convenience of practical use of phase shift focus monitor (PSFM), imaging characteristics of PSFM are investigated under modified illumination by optical image calculations and printing experiments. Although the mechanism of pattern shift is different from that in conventional high coherent illumination, sufficient sensitivity for precise focus monitoring is predicted by optical image calculation. By experiments, predicted characteristics are observed and similar sensitivity to that in conventional illumination is confirmed.
Detection of the common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen in the serum of leukemia patients. (1984)

The common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (CALLA) has been detected in biological fluids using a radioimmunoassay based on the inhibition of binding of 125I-labeled monoclonal anti-CALLA antibody to glutaraldehyde-fixed NALM-1 cells. With this assay, we showed first that CALLA was released in culture fluids from NALM-1 and Daudi cell lines but was absent from culture fluids from CALLA negative cell lines. Then, we found that the sera of 34 out of 42 patients (81%) with untreated common acute lymphoblastic leukemia (c-ALL) contained higher CALLA levels than any of the 42 serum samples from healthy controls. The specificity of these results was further demonstrated by testing in parallel the sera from 48 patients with CALLA negative leukemias, including 26 acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 12 T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), and 10 acute undifferentiated leukemia (AUL). All of these sera gave negative results, except for one patient with AUL, who had a significantly elevated circulating CALLA level, and one patient with AML, who had a borderline CALLA level, 3 SD over the mean of the normal sera. Preliminary results suggest that circulating CALLA is associated with membrane fragments or vesicles, since the total CALLA antigenic activity was recovered in the pellet of the serum samples centrifuged at 100,000 g. In addition, the CALLA-positive pellets contained an enzyme considered as a membrane marker, 5'-nucleotidase. Evaluation of the clinical importance of repeated serum CALLA determinations for the monitoring of c-ALL patients deserves further investigation.
Refined technique for intestinal transplantation in the rat (1991)

Unlike other solid organ transplants, intestinal transplantation (IT) remains a highly experimental procedure. Rejection, sepsis, and graft-versus-host disease have been the major barriers to successful IT in humans. These problems can be studied in the rat model, but this requires a reliable surgical technique that will produce high survival rates and excellent graft function. Herein, we review 400 consecutive IT in rats and describe important technical aspects of surgery. Technical modifications that have helped to reduce the morbidity after IT in rats include 1) minimizing mechanical and ischemic injuries to grafts during the donor procedure, 2) marking the portal vein and aortic conduit with sutures to ensure correct orientation of the graft, 3) using a macaroni noodle to stent the intestinal anastomosis, and 4) administering large volumes of crystalloid to maintain a normal blood pressure during the donor and recipient surgeries. The survival rate in 298 rats with accessory, heterotopic grafts was 90%. The survival rate in 102 rats with orthotopic (in continuity) graft (OIT) was 86%. Rats have survived more than 500 days after OIT, maintaining normal weights, intestinal function, and intestinal histology.
Some Considerations on AC Water Trees in Crosslinked Polyethylene (1983)

This paper first confirms that moisture absorption of XLPE (crosslinked polyethylene) obeys Fick's law. The effects of moisture absorption and temperature on water treeing in XLPE are then discussed. The results of physical and chemical tests of the sites of water trees are presented. Infrared Fourier Transform Spectro-scopy (FT-IR) test results show the chemical aspects of the deterioration. Finally, the authors suggest that the water tree is due to a shift in chemical equilibrium (free energy) of the insulating materials due to the impressed electric field.
High energy, short pulse fiber laser front end for kilo-Joule class CPA systems (2006)

We are developing an all fiber laser system optimized for providing input pulses for short pulse (1-10ps), high energy (~1kJ) glass laser systems. Fiber lasers are ideal solutions for these systems as they are highly reliable and enable long term stable operation. The design requirements for this application are very different than those commonly seen in fiber lasers. High-energy lasers often have low repetition rates (as low as one pulse every few hours), and thus high average power and efficiency are of little practical value. What is of high value is pulse energy, high signal to noise ratio (expressed as pre-pulse contrast), good beam quality, consistent output parameters and timing. Our system focuses on optimizing these parameters. Our prototype system consists of a mode-locked fiber laser, a compressed pulse fiber amplifier, a "pulse cleaner", a chirped fiber Bragg grating, pulse selectors, a transport fiber system and a large mode area fiber amplifier. We will review the system and present theoretical and experimental studies of critical aspects, in particular the requirement for high pre-pulse contrast.
Probing the Surface Polarity of Various Silicas and Other Moderately Strong Solid Acids by Means of Different Genuine Solvatochromic Dyes (2000)

Reichardt's ET(30) as well as Kamlet−Taft's α (hydrogen-bond-donor acidity) and π* (dipolarity/polarizability) values of various solid acids, e.g., silicas, aluminas, alumosilicates, titanium dioxides, and alumina-functionalized silica particles, are presented. The ET(30) values of the solid acids were directly measured by UV/vis spectroscopy using 2,6-diphenyl-4-(2,4,6-triphenyl-1-pyridinio)phenolate (1a) and an eicosafluorine-substituted derivative of 1a (1b) as surface polarity indicators. Kamlet−Taft's α and π* parameters for the various solid acids are analyzed by means of Fe(phen)2(CN)2 [cis-dicyano-bis(1,10-phenanthroline)iron(II)] (2) and Michler's ketone [4,4'-bis(N,N-dimethylamino)benzophenone] (3) as solvatochromic surface polarity indicators. The chemical interpretation of the α and π* parameters and the nature of the surface sites which they reflect are discussed. The correspondence of the UV/vis spectroscopic results to those of the IR-sensitive probe benzophenone and the fluorescence probe pyrene (literature data) is also discussed. It is evident that the solid surface environments observed by the various indicators are moderately strong dipolar/polarizable (π* = 0.38 to 1.04) and are fairly strong hydrogen-bond donors (α = 1.00 to 1.99). Theoretical ET(30) values of solid acids are calculated by applying linear solvation energy (LSE) relationships using the independently measured α and π* values of the solid acids according to ET(30) = [ET(30)]o + aα + sπ*. The respective dependence of the α and π* terms, expressed by the coefficients a and s, upon the measured ET(30) value for solid acids is discussed in comparison to related multiple LSE correlations known for well-behaved regular solvents and functionalized silicas. The results show in general that values of polarity parameters of strong HBD and dipolar surfaces are strongly influenced by the experimental conditions applied.
Culture and Use of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Phase I and II Clinical Trials (2010)

Present in numerous tissues, mesenchymal stem cells/multipotent stromal cells (MSCs) can differentiate into different cell types from a mesoderm origin. Their potential has been extended to pluripotency, by their possibility of differentiating into tissues and cells of nonmesodermic origin. Through the release of cytokines, growth factors and biologically active molecules, MSCs exert important paracrine effects during tissue repair and inflammation. Moreover, MSCs have immunosuppressive properties related to non-HLA restricted immunosuppressive capacities. All these features lead to an increasing range of possible applications of MSCs, from treating immunological diseases to tissue and organ repair, that should be tested in phase I and II clinical trials. The most widely used MSCs are cultured from bone marrow or adipose tissue. For clinical trial implementation, BM MSCs and ADSCs should be produced according to Good Manufacturing Practices. Safety remains the major concern and must be ensured during culture and validated with relevant controls. We describe some applications of MSCs in clinical trials.
Hydrogen and oxygen content of silicon nitride films prepared by multipolar plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (1989)

Very low H content SiN films have been deposited by a multipolar plasma-enhanced deposition system at room temperature. The main plasma parameters which control the hydrogen and oxygen incorporation in the films have also been analyzed and optimized.
Accumulation of L-Dopa in the Median Eminence: An Index of Tuberoinfundibular Dopaminergic Nerve Activity* (1980)

A microradioenzymatic assay for dihydroxyphenylalanine (dopa) was used to measure the concentration of this precursor of dopamine (DA) in different regions of the rat brain. The accumulation of dopa 30 min after the injection of 3-hydroxybenzylhydrazine (NSD 1015), an inhibitor of dopa decarboxylase, was measured in the striatum and median eminence to obtain a biochemical index of the activity of nigrostriatal and tuberoinfundibular DA nerves, respectively. Injections of a DA agonist, piribedil, reduced dopa accumulation in the striatum but not in the median eminence. Injections of a DA antagonist, haloperidol, increased dopa accumulation in the striatum 2 and 8 h after injection and in the median eminence 16 h after injection. Three daily injections of estradiol benzoate increased the accumulation of dopa in the median eminence but not in the striatum; the estrogen-induced increase of dopa accumulation in the median eminence was not observed in hypophysectomized rats. The effects of these pharmacological and endocrinological manipulations on estimates of DA nerve activity obtained using the dopa accumulation method are the same as those reported previously using the a-methyltyrosine-induced decline of DA and are consistent with the hypothesis that the activity of tuberoinfundibular DA nerves is regulated, in part, by a hormonal feedback loop. These results indicate that dopa accumulation after NSD 1015 provides a reliable means of estimating the activity of tuberoinfundibular DA nerves. (Endocrinology106: 463, 1980)
Chromosomes exhibit preferential positioning in nuclei of quiescent human cells (1999)

The relative spatial positioning of chromosomes 7, 8, 16, X and Y was examined in nuclei of quiescent (noncycling) diploid and triploid human fibroblasts using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with chromosome-specific DNA probes and digital imaging. In quiescent diploid cells, interhomolog distances and chromosome homolog position maps revealed a nonrandom, preferential topology for chromosomes 7, 8 and 16, whereas chromosome X approximated a more random distribution. Variations in the orientation of nuclei on the culture substratum tended to hinder detection of an ordered chromosome topology at interphase by biasing homolog position maps towards random distributions. Using two chromosome X homologs as reference points in triploid cells (karyotype = 69, XXY), the intranuclear location of chromosome Y was found to be predictable within remarkably narrow spatial limits. Dual-FISH with various combinations of chromosome-specific DNA probes and contrasting fluorochromes was used to identify adjacent chromosomes in mitotic rosettes and test whether they are similarly positioned in interphase nuclei. From among the combinations tested, chromosomes 8 and 11 were found to be closely apposed in most mitotic rosettes and interphase nuclei. Overall, results suggest the existence of an ordered interphase chromosome topology in quiescent human cells in which at least some chromosome homologs exhibit a preferred relative intranuclear location that may correspond to the observed spatial order of chromosomes in rosettes of mitotic cells.
Security-aware multimedia scheduling over heterogeneous wireless networks (2010)

Security is increasingly becoming an important issue in the design of multimedia applications. However, existing scheduling schemes for real-time multimedia services over heterogeneous networks generally do not take into account security requirements when making control decisions. In this paper, we develop and evaluate a security-aware multimedia scheduling scheme in heterogeneous environment. Firstly, we exploit a multimedia transmission model in the context of heterogeneous wireless networks. Then, a security-aware scheduling scheme is proposed by taking into account applications' timing and security requirements in addition to precedence constraints. Furthermore, the proposed scheme is applied to heuristically find resource allocations, which maximize the quality of security and the probability of meeting deadlines for all the multimedia applications. Additionally, extensive experiments are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
New ferroelectric liquid crystal beta switch design (1988)

A beta switch is a 2 × 2 crossbar cell, which is the building block for many interconnection networks (i.e., Clos-Benes, Spanke). A new optical beta switch design based on the ferroelectric liquid crystal total internal reflection switch is investigated for use in dynamic optical interconnection networks. It exhibits low crosstalk and can be driven by only a few volts. Crosstalk, loss, and scaling characteristics are discussed in the context of the device cascadability.
Power reduction in digital circuits (2016)

Le sujet de cette thèse est la réduction de consommation dans les circuits digitaux, et plus particulièrement dans ce cadre les méthodes basées sur la réduction de la fréquence de commutation moyenne, au niveau transistor. Ces méthodes sont structurelles, au sens où elles ne sont pas liées à l’optimisation des caractéristiques physique du circuit mais sur la structure de l’implémentation logique, et de ce fait parfaitement indépendantes de la technologie considérée. Nous avons développé dans ce cadre deux méthodes nouvelles. La première est basée sur l’optimisation de la structure de la partie combinatoire d’un circuit pendant la synthèse logique. La seconde est centrée sur la partie séquentielle du circuit. Elle consiste en la recherche de conditions permettant de détecter qu’un sous-circuit devient inactif, de sorte à pouvoir désactiver ce sous-circuit en coupant la branche correspondante de l’arbre d’horloge, et utilise des méthodes formelles pour prouver que la fonctionnalité du circuit n’en serait pas affectée.
Control of the Coordination Structure of Organometallic Palladium Complexes in an apo-Ferritin Cage (2008)

We report the preparation of organometallic Pd(allyl) dinuclear complexes in protein cages of apo-Fr by reactions with [Pd(allyl)Cl]2 (allyl = eta3-C3H5). One of the dinuclear complexes is converted to a trinuclear complex by replacing a Pd-coordinated His residue to an Ala residue. These results suggest that multinuclear metal complexes with various coordination structures could be prepared by the deletion or introduction of His, Cys, and Glu at appropriate positions on protein surface.
Influence of self-similarity on 3D holoscopic video coding performance (2012)

Holoscopic imaging, also known as integral imaging, is a promising solution for glasses-free 3D technology since it allows a more natural and immersive 3D sensation with continuous full motion parallax. However, in order to provide 3D holoscopic content with convenient visual quality in terms of resolution and 3D perception, ultra-high resolution acquisition and display devices are required. Consequently, efficient video coding tools become essential to deal with this large amount of data. However, current and emerging state-of-the-art video coding technologies do not yet address the specific characteristics of 3D holoscopic content. In this context, this paper presents and studies a coding scheme based on the concept of self-similarity compensated prediction, which is used to explore the particular arrangement of 3D holoscopic content through the introduction of new prediction modes. In order to profoundly analyze these new prediction modes, two different generations of video codecs, modified to handle 3D holoscopic content, are examined and compared: the first one is derived from the H.264/AVC video coding standard while the second one is based on the recent standardization project called High Efficient Video Coding (HEVC). Experimental results clearly show the advantages of using this coding scheme in both codecs, as well as the connection between the performance of the self-similarity compensation process and the characteristics of the 3D holoscopic content.
Highlights from the 23rd Annual Transcatheter Cardiovascular Therapeutics Scientific Symposium, November 7-11, 2011, San Francisco, CA (2012)

IMR Press is a leading publisher of open access peer-reviewed biomedical and life sciences journals. We aim to facilitate the dissemination of high-quality research in the area of biomedical science. With a long tradition and wide readership, IMR Press is dedicated to making positive contributions to academics, corporate libraries as well as to readers and authors. All the editors in IMR Press will provide the best service for researchers, allowing them to have a easy and smooth publication experience and helping maximize the impact and visibility of their research.
Catheter-Induced Ablation of the Atrioventricular Junction to Control Refractory Supraventricular Arrhythmias (1982)

Five patients with recurrent bouts of supraventricular tachycardia proved resistant or became intolerant of both conventional and experimental drugs. These patients were subjected to a new procedure involving delivery of DC shocks to an electrode catheter positioned adjacent to the His bundle. Complete atrioventricular (AV) block was produced in all, one patient died suddenly six weeks after shock therapy, and the remainder had complete AV block with follow-up intervals ranging from four to 12 months. Shock therapy was associated with mild elevations of creatine phosphokinase MB (31 +/- 18 units), but there was no hemodynamic evidence of tricuspid insufficiency. If this new technique proves safe and effective, it should supplant the need for open heart surgical procedures for His-bundle ablation.
A novel mechanism regulating DNA-damage repair in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. (2006)

Elevated concentration levels of sub-micrometer particles were associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity. Ultrafine particles showed delayed effects, while accumulation mode (100-1000nm) particles showed immediate effects. Using number or mass concentrations did not affect the particle effects.
Government interest and involvement in design automation development (Panel Discussion) (1981)

The state of the art in design automation is a key to the effective utilization of the increasing density and functional complexity attainable on a “chip” today. The Department of Defense's Very High Speed Integrated Circuits (VHSIC) program is targeting a density-speed product of 1 × 1013 Gate-Hz/CM2 by the late 80's. Commercial developments are also achieving greater and greater densities. That the problems of design have been greatly exacerbated by the present and anticipated VLSI densities is well documented in the technical literature. The DAC panels in 1979 and in 1980 focused upon design automation and VLSI in the 80's. The questions before this panel center upon the role of Government in acceleration of design automation development and whether or not commercial development of design automation capability for VLSI can keep pace with Government requirements.The attached outline (Figure 1) provides an overview of the many facets related to the depth and breadth of the Government's interest and potential involvement in the development of design automation capability. The panelists have been asked to submit a short position paper and prepare a five-minute explanation of their views.