gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pushing CMOS beyond the roadmap (2005)

Today, the 90 nm generation is in production and in spite of many roadblocks, the latest ITRS 04 expects that CMOS can be scaled down to the 22 nm node and beyond. However, for conventional bulk CMOS serious challenges are evident and new transistors with better electrostatic channel control, lower off-currents and higher on-currents is needed. Among them, multi-gate devices with very thin silicon channels are most promising. Several architectures like FinFET, wafer bonded double gate and SON gate all around have been demonstrated with good electrical characteristics at gate lengths of 25-10 nm. Under certain assumptions for the SD regions, quantum mechanical simulations predict that silicon MOSFETs can be functional down to 2 nm gate length. Multi-gate transistors have also been implemented in high density flash memory cells down to 20 nm. Large Vt shifts suitable for multi-level storage were achieved. Therefore, it seems very realistic that the device roadmap will not end at the 22 nm node. Assuming that manufacturing and cost issues can be fulfilled, CMOS will continue to dominate in the nanoelectronics era.
A new Method for Dynamic Ron Extraction of GaN Power HEMTs (2015)

Degradation of the dynamic on-state resistance RON of GaN High-Electron-Mobility Transistors (HEMTs) is commonly observed under switching conditions with high drain current, high blocking voltage and high switching frequency. In order to determine this on-state resistance, specific measurement methods need to be developed. Since the drain source voltage of the device changes between hundreds of volts in the off-state and a few mill-volts in the on-state, an accurate determination of the on-state voltage VDSON is not achievable with standard measurement equipment due to the saturation of the DSO's input channel. In this paper, a voltage clamping circuit used to extract the dynamic on-state resistance RON of GaN HEMTs is presented. This method is based on a high-voltage, fast-switching zero recovery SiC Schottky diode. The circuit allows an accurate measurement of RON from 100 ns after turn-on to any arbitrary time and is feasible for operation at high switching frequencies up to 1MHz. Experimentally, the dynamic on-state resistance of 600V normally-off GaN HEMTs is investigated applying this method.
Effect of Recombinant Human Erythropoietin Therapy on Blood Pressure in Hemodialysis Patients (1991)

The Canadian Erythropoietin Study Group conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled trial to examine the effect of human recombinant erythropoietin on the treatment of anemia in 118 hemodialysis patients. The effectiveness of therapy on hemoglobin concentration and quality of life has been reported elsewhere. Herein is reported the effect of erythropoietin therapy on blood pressure. Patients receiving erythropoietin had a significant increase in diastolic blood pressure (DBP; p = 0.001) and required increased antihypertensive medication. There was no difference in the incidence of severe hypertension (DBP greater than 110 mm Hg or hypertension-related seizure) between placebo-treated patients (13%) and those receiving erythropoietin (14%). The development of severe hypertension in erythropoietin-treated patients was associated with a history of receiving antihypertensive medication or having native kidneys in situ. In the first 5 weeks of the study, there was a correlation between the change in hemoglobin concentration and the change in DBP (r = 0.42, p less than 0.001). Although erythropoietin therapy was associated with a significant increase in DBP, there was no difference between placebo- and erythropoietin-treated patients with respect to severe hypertension or hypertension-related seizures.
PC28 EFFECT OF A NEW INFANT FORMULAE ENRICHED PREBIOTICS, PROBIOTICS, NUCLEOTIDES AND LC-PUFA???S ON INFANTS RECOVERY AFTER AN INFECTION (2004)

Introduction: During first years of life, infections are one of the main causes of pathology. In this population, infections can produce lack of appetite, decrease in nutrients absorption and disturbances in fecal microflora. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of a new infant formulae enriched with prebiotics, probiotics, nucleotides and LC-PUFA’s with a low lactose content in infant recovery after different kind of infections (respiratory, digestive. . .). Methods: A multicentric, randomised, prospective outpatients clinical trial was conducted. 68 infants younger than 12 months with a non-severe infectious process were included in the study and distributed in 2 groups: control group and RE group. Infants younger than 4 months were fed with an infant formulae and infants from 5 to 12 months with a follow-on formulae. Control group infants were fed standard infant and follow-on formulae. RE group infants were fed with infant and follow-on formulae enriched with prebiotics (galactooligosaccharides, nucleotides and LC-PUFA’s and with a low level of lactose. Follow-on formula used in the feeding of infants of RE group contained also probiotics (Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium infantis). Clinical symptoms and duration if the infection was recordered at days 0, 5, 10 and 15 to know the evolution of infants recovery. Results: The time of recovery of appetite was lower in RE group than in Control group (p<0,001) and also the weight recovery (p<0,0001). Appetite was recovered in day 6 in infants of RE group and in day 11 in Control group. Weight recovery took place in the 5th day in RE group and in day 12 in the Control group. Group RE showed a statistically significant reduction in the duration of digestive symptoms like vomiting and diarrhoeas (p=0,04) in comparison with Control group. The mean duration of diarrhoeas in Control group was of 9 days and 4,8 in RE group. Taken into account all the variables analysed, the global recovery of infants need a shorter period of time in group RE than in Control group (7,5 days for group RE and 11,7 days for Control group, p=0,0003). Conclusion: The new range of infant formulae enriched with prebiotics (galactooligosaccharides), probiotics (Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium infantis), nucleotides and LC-PUFA’s with a low level of lactose has demonstrated to be useful in infant feeding for achieve a complete and fast recovery of infants suffering digestive or respiratory infections.
Glial cell functions and activity-dependent plasticity of the mammalian visual cortex. (1993)

The presence of highly ordered connectivities is one basic characteristic of the central nervous systems and is believed to be a prerequisite for its proper function. The elaboration of precise, topographic projections has been shown to include two subsequent steps: (1) The formation of exuberant projections with limited topographic accuracy, and (2) the activity-dependent refinement of the appropriate connectivities by synapse elimination and synapse stabilization. Although most current theories on the mechanisms underlying activity-dependent developmental plasticity focus on adaptive changes of the efficacy of synaptic transmission, the present overview deals with possible mechanisms underlying morphologic adaptations in the developing central nervous system. Especially the contribution of glial cells in the activity-dependent selection of neuronal projections in the thalamocortical visual system of higher mammals is elaborated and a unifying hypothesis on the involvement of nonneuronal cells in neuronal plasticity is formulated on the basis of the current knowledge on glial physiology and specific experimental data.
Analysis of Cardiotocogram Data for Fetal Distress Determination by Decision Tree Based Adaptive Boosting Approach (2014)

Cardiotocography is one of the most widely used technique for recording changes in fetal heart rate (FHR) and uterine contractions. Assessing cardiotocography is crucial in that it leads to iden- tifying fetuses which suffer from lack of oxygen, i.e. hypoxia. This situation is defined as fetal dis- tress and requires fetal intervention in order to prevent fetus death or other neurological disease caused by hypoxia. In this study a computer-based approach for analyzing cardiotocogram in- cluding diagnostic features for discriminating a pathologic fetus. In order to achieve this aim adaptive boosting ensemble of decision trees and various other machine learning algorithms are employed.
Design Optimization of a Gas Turbine Based Cogeneration Plant With Steam Supply to Process Plant (1982)

This paper presents the results of Gibbs & Hill, Inc.’s studies, engineering, and implementation of a cogeneration plant consisting of gas turbines and heat recovery steam generators. The plant is designed for fluctuating power supply and stable steam supply requirements to a multistage flash (MSF) type Desalination Plant. This paper emphasizes the advantages of an Integrated Power/Desalination Plant System Optimization as against separate optimization of power and desalination plants.
John Dewey, the Common Core, and the Teaching of English (2015)

In addition to being one of the authors of the Common Core State Standards (CCSS), David Colemanhas become the Standards’ “most visible advocate” (Smith, Appleman, & Wilhelm, 2014, p. 10) and one of their “most prominent and articulate promoters” (Rabinowitz & Bancroft, 2014, p. 4). Ina talk titled “Bringing the Common Core to Life,” delivered to the New York State Department of Education, Coleman (2011) moves beyond promoting the CCSS to explaining and modeling his vision of “what we must do” (p. 16) when teaching complex, informational texts. This article illuminates the regressive nature of Coleman’s pedagogical prescriptions by juxtaposing them with the more progressive approaches to literary education proposed by John Dewey and by referring to research that demonstrates the deleterious effects of the strategies Coleman advocates.
Animal Research: Reporting <i>in vivo</i> Experiments—The ARRIVE Guidelines (2011)

The following guidelines are excerpted (as permitted under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CCAL), with the knowledge and approval of PLoS Biology and the authors) from Kilkenny et al (2010).

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Table
A Model-Driven Development for GWT-Based Rich Internet Applications with OOH4RIA (2008)

Traditionally, Web applications have had great limitations in the usability and interactivity of their user interfaces. To overcome these limitations, a new type of Web applications called Rich Internet Applications (RIAs) has recently appeared providing richer and more efficient graphical components similar to desktop applications. However, RIAs are rather complex and their development requires the designing and implementation tasks which are time-consuming and error-prone. Moreover, RIA development is a new challenge for the Web engineering methodologies requiring their modification and the introduction of other concerns. In this context, we propose a new approach called OOH4RIA which proposes a model-driven development process that extends OOH methodology. It introduces new structural and behavioural models in order to represent a complete RIA and to apply transformations that reduce the effort and accelerate its development. This RIA will be implemented on the promising Google Web Toolkit (GWT) framework.
Oxidation Resistance of Magnetron Sputter Deposited ß-FeAl+Zr Coatings (2000)

Micro-crystalline -FeAl+Zr coatings on cast -FeAl and 304S stainless steel substrates were produced with unbalanced magnetron sputter deposition technique. Isothermal oxidation in pure 0 2 and a cyclic oxidation test in ambient air at 1000C were carried out to assess the oxidation resistance of the coatings. The spallation resistance of the oxide scale formed on the coatings was superior compared with the uncoated alloys. After the oxidation in 0 2 , large voids at the cast FeAl/oxide interface were observed; while no obvious voids were found at the coating/oxide interface.
Identification of Genes Expressed in Vascular Tissues Using NPA-Induced Vascular Overgrowth in Arabidopsis (2008)

The genetic basis of vascular differentiation and function is relatively poorly understood, partly due to the difficulty of screening for mutants defective in internal vascular tissues. Here we present an approach based on a predicted increase in vascular-related gene expression in response to an auxin transport inhibitor-induced vascular overgrowth. We used microarray analyses to identify 336 genes that were up-regulated > or =2-fold in shoot tissues of Arabidopsis thaliana showing vascular overgrowth. Promoter-marker gene fusions revealed that 38 out of 40 genes with > or =4-fold up-regulation in vascular overgrowth tissues had vascular-related expression in transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Obtained expression patterns included cambial tissues and differentiating xylem, phloem and fibers. A total of 15 genes were found to have vascular-specific expression patterns in the leaves and/or inflorescence stems. This study provides empirical evidence of the efficiency of the approach and describes for the first time the in situ expression patterns of the majority of the assessed genes.
Applications of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry in clinical diagnostic microbiology (2011)

Until recently, microbial identification in clinical diagnostic laboratories has mainly relied on conventional phenotypic and gene sequencing identification techniques. The development of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) devices has revolutionized the routine identification of microorganisms in clinical microbiology laboratories by introducing an easy, rapid, high throughput, low-cost, and efficient identification technique. This technology has been adapted to the constraint of clinical diagnostic laboratories and has the potential to replace and/or complement conventional identification techniques for both bacterial and fungal strains. Using standardized procedures, the resolution of MALDI-TOF MS allows accurate identification at the species level of most Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains with the exception of a few difficult strains that require more attention and further development of the method. Similarly, the routine identification by MALDI-TOF MS of yeast isolates is reliable and much quicker than conventional techniques. Recent studies have shown that MALDI-TOF MS has also the potential to accurately identify filamentous fungi and dermatophytes, providing that specific standardized procedures are established for these microorganisms. Moreover, MALDI-TOF MS has been used successfully for microbial typing and identification at the subspecies level, demonstrating that this technology is a potential efficient tool for epidemiological studies and for taxonomical classification.
Polarization of the Blackbody-Radiation at 3.2 cm. (1973)

Their methods and difficulties saved many hours of frustration and wasted effort
Implicit Sensor-based Authentication of Smartphone Users with Smartwatch (2016)

Smartphones are now frequently used by end-users as the portals to cloud-based services, and smartphones are easily stolen or co-opted by an attacker. Beyond the initial login mechanism, it is highly desirable to re-authenticate end-users who are continuing to access security-critical services and data, whether in the cloud or in the smartphone. But attackers who have gained access to a logged-in smartphone have no incentive to re-authenticate, so this must be done in an automatic, non-bypassable way. Hence, this paper proposes a novel authentication system, iAuth, for implicit, continuous authentication of the end-user based on his or her behavioral characteristics, by leveraging the sensors already ubiquitously built into smartphones. We design a system that gives accurate authentication using machine learning and sensor data from multiple mobile devices. Our system can achieve 92.1% authentication accuracy with negligible system overhead and less than 2% battery consumption.
Tractor overturn hazards (2001)

The rubber-wheeled, row-crop tricycle tractors of the 1930s revolutionized production agriculture. The tractor had the speed, power, flexibility, adaptability, and handling ease that helped move farming from the horsepower era into the machine-powered era. Later additions of hydraulics, the 3-point hitch, direct engine-driven power take-off, and variable shift transmissions firmly established the tractor as the primary machine in modern farming. However, no other farm machine is also so identified with the hazards of production agriculture as the tractor. This article looks at tractor safety concerns, focusing on overturn hazards. Topics discussed include center of gravity, centrifugal force, rear-axle torque, drawbar leverage, and rollover protective structures and seat belts.
Dependence of Ink Jet Dynamics on Fluid Characteristics (1976)

Measurements of jet velocity, separation length, and stream stability (freedom from random fluctuations in drop position) were made for several fluids, including two inks. The data were then compared with modified fluid flow and jet stability equations. In one case velocity is related to applied pressure drop through a flow equation that depends primarily on the shape and size of the nozzle and on fluid viscosity. In the other case Weber's equation is modified to include forced oscillation, so that separation length is related to the voltage applied to a piezoelectric crystal, to disturbance growth rate, and to velocity. These two equations were applicable to “normal” liquids (those having good stream stability) having viscosities between 0.9 and 4.3 grams/(second · meter) and dynamic surface tensions between 20 and 60 grams/s <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , but not to dilute solutions of a high molecular weight polymer, owing to their viscoelastic character. Furthermore, the stream stability of the polymer solutions was poor and depended inversely on concentration and molecular weight.
Topping Corn and Delaying Harvest for Field Drying (1982)

ABSTRACT THE tops of corn plants were removed above the ear at physiological maturity to determine if that practice would hasten field grain drying on the Southern Great Plains. Topping lowered the grain moisture content 1.5 percentage points below that of non-topped corn until the grain had dried to about 20 percent moisture. Top-ping reduced lodging if harvest was delayed but had no significant effect on combine harvested grain yield. Delaying harvest until the grain moisture level had fallen below 20 percent reduced harvestable grain yields, however, the yield reduction was minimized if the Southwestern corn borer was controlled by spraying.
Hypothalamic response to starvation: implications for the study of wasting disorders (1995)

Weight loss is a potent stimulus to food intake in normal individuals. The persistence of anorexia in wasting disorders, therefore, implies a failure of this adaptive feeding response. We describe a model for the normal hypothalamic response to starvation composed of the stimulation of neuronal pathways that promote energy intake and storage coupled with the inhibition of pathways that exert opposing effects. This model provides a framework for investigating disturbances of the normal hypothalamic response to weight loss and suggests a specific mechanism by which cytokines contribute to wasting in acquired immune deficiency syndrome and other cachexic disorders.
Women, Fire, and Dangerous Things: What Categories Reveal about the Mind (1989)

Pengetahuan kognitif adalah tergolong bidang baru yang mengkaji pikiran atau nalar yang memperoleh pengetahuan dari bidang-bidang ilmu seperti psikologi, linguistik, antropologi, filsafat, dan juga ilmu komputer.nBuku ini berusaha menerangkan bagaimana pengetahuan kognitif kita terbentuk, dalam pengertian bagaimana menyusun kategori-kategori persepsi kita terhadap satu benda misalnya. Dalam hal ini, George Lakoff mencoba mengklasifikasi cara-cara kita dalam membentuk persepsi-persepsi ini. Di samping itu, buku ini juga memberikan contoh kasus bahwa dalam bahasa sehari-hari, kategori-kategori tadi juga terefleksikan. Misalnya, bahasa sehari-hari kita sering menyatakan nafsu birahi kita sebagai sebuah bentuk perang, bentuk permainan atau game, bentuk rasa lapar, dll. Buku ini merupakan sebuah diagnosa pemikiran manusia pada umumnya.
Superaromatic Terpyridines: Hexa-<i>peri</i>-hexabenzocoronenes with Tridentate Functionality (2010)

Two superaromatic terpyridine ligands (1 and 2) incorporating a hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene (HBC) unit at the 4'-position have been prepared. In 1, the terpyridine and the HBC domains are directly fused, while in 2, they are separated by an acetylene linker. Also presented is the synthesis and characterization of several novel HBC derivatives, including 2-iodo-5,8,11,14,17-penta-tert-butylhexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene (7), a valuable synthetic intermediate. Different synthetic routes to 1 and 2 are employed, and two alternative methods resulted in excellent yields of 2. The optical properties of both novel terpyridines are examined using UV-visible absorption and emission spectroscopy. The single-crystal X-ray structures of 7 and a precursor, 4-iodo-4'-tert-butylphenylacetylene (5), are discussed.
The significance of rectal bleeding after pelvic radiotherapy (2005)

After pelvic radiotherapy, clinical symptoms are not reliable in differentiating between radiation proctitis alone or more significant pathology. It is mandatory that all patients with new onset rectal bleeding are investigated with, at least, flexible sigmoidoscopy.
An Efficient Hierarchical Clustering Algorithm (2004)

A prominent clustering algorithm is hierarchical clustering. But the time complexity and space complexity of the traditional hierarchical clustering are high,and this limits its use for large data set. This paper proposes a 3-phase algorithm based on overlapping partitions to reduce the time and memory requirement.
Feedback Circuit for Organic LED Active-Matrix Display Drivers (2002)

Thesis (M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2002.
Plasma adrenomedullin response to maximal exercise in healthy subjects. (2003)

The aim of the study was to find out whether maximal exercise performed by healthy young men influences plasma adrenomedullin concentration (ADM) and is the peptide level related to the cardiovascular, metabolic and hormonal changes induced by exercise. Ten subjects (age 24+/-1.0 yr) participated in the study. They performed graded bicycle ergometer exercise until exhaustion. Heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were measured throughout the test. Before and at the end of exercise venous blood samples were taken for [ADM], noradrenaline [NA], adrenaline [A], growth hormone [hGH], cortisol and lactate [LA] determination. Plasma [ADM] decreased during exercise from 1.71+/-0.09 to 1.53+/-0.10 pmol x l(-1) (p<0.01). This was accompanied by increases in plasma catecholamines and [hGH], while plasma cortisol level did not change. Positive correlation was found between the exercise-induced decreases in plasma ADM and diastolic BP. Blood [LA], systolic and mean BP at the end of exercise correlated negatively with plasma [ADM]. No significant interrelationships were found between plasma ADM, catecholamines or the other hormones measured. The present data suggests, that maximal exercise inhibits ADM secretion in young healthy men. Metabolic acidosis and a decrease in peripheral resistance might be involved in this effect.