gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pyromellitic Dianhydride in Curing of Epoxy Resins (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPyromellitic Dianhydride in Curing of Epoxy ResinsR. B. Feild and C. F. RobinsonCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1957, 49, 3, 369–373Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1957https://doi.org/10.1021/ie51392a027RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views228Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (478 KB) Get e-Alerts
Distance Learning (1997)

As the role of distance learning within the educational setting expands, it is imperative that potential producers and receivers of these courses examine the prospects and problems of a distance learning initiative prior to embarking on this new educational journey. The authors provide guidance from their own distance learning experiences at the North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics. The article focuses on the importance of instructor and facilitator training, student selection, physical arrangements for the studio/classroom, and an evaluation plan.
Managing high-density commercial scale wine fermentations (2006)

This is the first study in duplicated, commercial-scale, high-density grape juice fermentations to address temperature, nitrogen addition, and juice dilution effects on stuck fermentation potential and wine sensory properties.
Composition of the essential oil of the Hyssopus officinalis L. subsp. angustifolius (Bieb.) Arcangeli (2016)

Hyssopus officinalis subsp. angustifolius (Bieb) Arcangeli growing in North East and South Anatolia is the only member of this genus growing in Turkey. Aerial parts of the plant material were hydrodistilled and the resulting oil was analyzed by GC and GC/MS simultaneously. Main components were identified as pinocarvone (27.1%), β-pinene (19.0%), and isopinocamphone (13.6%), respectively.
Stabilization of Neoprene. I. Protection of Latex Film against Discoloration by Light (1961)

Abstract The tendency for light-colored neoprene vulcanizates made from latex to discolor when exposed to light was inhibited markedly by compounding with triglycerides of long chain fatty acids in combination with non-discoloring (see PDF for table) antioxidants. Effectiveness increased with the degree of unsaturation of the fatty acid up to two double bonds (safflower oil). Resistance to discolorations increased with increasing amounts of oil up to 15 parts. Both the ester linkage and the degree of unsaturation in vegetable oil appeared to influence stability in light. Organo tin compounds were found which functioned synergistically with safflower oil. Discoloration of safflower oil stabilized neoprene latex compounds was not affected appreciably by commonly used acceleration systems, nor by varying the curing conditions up to 120° C. Safflower oil reduced discoloration in all neoprene latex types. Neoprene latex compounds containing safflower oil discolored in sunlight no more than those of SBR or NBR latex. Safflower oil did not affect the discoloration of natural rubber, SBR or NBR latex compounds in sunlight. Other effects of safflower oil on the cured properties of neoprene latex films were reduced modulus and tensile strength but without change in elongation, enhanced heat and ozone resistance and lower brittle temperature.
Novel Approach for Rooftop Detection Using Support Vector Machine (2013)

A new method for detecting rooftops in satellite images is presented. The proposed method is based on a combination of machine learning techniques, namely, k -means clustering and support vector machines (SVM). Firstly k -means clustering is used to segment the image into a set of rooftop candidates—these are homogeneous regions in the image which are potentially associated with rooftop areas. Next, the candidates are submitted to a classification stage which determines which amongst them correspond to “true” rooftops. To achieve improved accuracy, a novel two-pass classification process is used. In the first pass, a trained SVM is used in the normal way to distinguish between rooftop and nonrooftop regions. However, this can be a challenging task, resulting in a relatively high rate of misclassification. Hence, the second pass, which we call the “histogram method,” was devised with the aim of detecting rooftops which were missed in the first pass. The performance of the model is assessed both in terms of the percentage of correctly classified candidates as well as the accuracy of the estimated rooftop area.
CNS drug discovery: challenges and solutions. (2005)

The worldwide market for therapies for central nervous system (CNS) disorders was valued at around US dollars 50 billion in 2001, and is set to grow sharply in the years ahead. This is because of a marked increase in the number of people aged over 65 (the "baby boomer" effect), which will lead to increased demand for more safe and effective medicines for CNS disorders. This one-day Society for Medicines Research symposium, held September 23, 2004, in London, United Kingdom, was organized by Dr. Alan M. Palmer (Pharmidex, London, U.K.) and Prof. F. Anne Stephenson (School of Pharmacy, University of London, U.K.). More than 100 delegates heard a scholarly and comprehensive review of the challenges currently facing CNS research and development, which was accompanied by consideration of a variety of innovative solution strategies. The meeting considered: 1) how to identify and validate targets for potential CNS drugs; 2) how to assess brain penetration (both in vitro and in vivo); 3) how to develop in silico methodologies to predict blood-brain barrier penetration; 4) how to assess therapeutic efficacy (both in vitro and in vivo); 5) how to establish reliable biomarkers to guide decision making; and 6) how to effectively apply magnetic resonance imaging to CNS drug discovery.
Use of RPE-Based Training Load in Soccer (2004)

The results of this study show that the session-RPE can be considered a good indicator of global internal load of soccer training. This method does not require particular expensive equipment and can be very useful and practical for coaches and athletic trainer to monitor and control internal load, and to design periodization strategies.
Descripción de cuatro manuscritos de la obra Sarh Urguzat / Alfiyat Ibn Sina hallados en la Biblioteca Real de Rabat. (1996)

El objetivo principal de este articulo es dar a conocer la existencia de diferentes manuscritos del comentado de Ibn Ru~d a la aljtya/ urgaza de Ibn STna hallados en la Biblioteca Real de Rabat - Marruecos-. Aba AlT al-Husain b. Abd AIIAh b. S!nA (370/980-428/1037), mas conocido en Occidente bajo el nombre de Avicena, compuso un poemamedico en el que fijaba lo esencial de su teoria y practica: principios, observaciones, consejos de terapeutica y dietetica, tecnicasquirurgicas, etc. Es la celebre Urgaza ji t-tibb llamad a asi por el nombre del metro ra~az utilizado por el autor como ritmo prosodico, tambien conocida por Aif/3m a pesar de que el numero de sus versos pasan largamente del millar (1326) o por Manznmajtt-tibb (Poema sobre la medicina).
Influences of γ-Irradiation and Storage on the Carotenoids of Sun-Dried and Dehydrated Paprika (2003)

The effects of drying methods, gamma-irradiation, and storage on the carotenoids (capsanthin, capsorubin, zeaxanthin, capsolutein, violaxanthin, beta-carotene, and beta-cryptoxanthin) of paprika were investigated. Sun-dried and dehydrated paprika samples were irradiated in a (60)Co gamma-irradiator at five doses (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10 kGy) in polyethylene bags and stored for 10 months at ambient temperature. Individual carotenoid analyses were carried out on the paprika and fresh red pepper during a 2 month period using the reverse phase HPLC technique. The concentrations of capsanthin and capsorubin, which are responsible for the attractive red color of sun-dried paprika, were higher than those of dehydrated paprika. Higher irradiation doses and a longer storage period resulted in a significant (P < 0.01) reduction of all the carotenoids, except capsorubin. There was no significant (P < 0.05) effect of irradiation dose on capsorubin destruction. The decrease of red carotenoids, for all irradiation treatments, was less than that of the storage period. Even the highest irradiation dose, 10 kGy, caused a 11.1% capsanthin reduction; however, 10 months of storage at the ambient temperature caused a 42.1% reduction of capsanthin. Yellow pigments of paprika (zeaxanthin, capsolutein, violaxanthin, beta-carotene, and beta-cryptoxanthin) were significantly (P < 0.01) decreased by all treatments. These yellow pigments were also found to be at high levels in those sun-dried samples with red pigments. This difference could be caused by the contribution of pigment biosynthesis during the sun-drying period. The most significant pigment reduction was realized in the processing and storage conditions of paprika, rather than in the irradiation process.
Field ionization mass spectrometry of heavy petroleum fractions. Waxes (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleField ionization mass spectrometry of heavy petroleum fractions. WaxesWalter L. MeadCite this: Anal. Chem. 1968, 40, 4, 743–747Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1968https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60260a040RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views122Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (486 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Simultaneous extraction of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA from human blood (2007)

A method of simultaneous isolation of nuclear DNA (nDNA) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from human blood has been proposed by improvising Lahiri's method of isolation of nuclear DNA. The approach presented here provides selectively enriched fractions and eliminates the need for two different methods or separate reagent sets for the extraction of nDNA and mtDNA. It employs an initial nuclear/ cytoplasm partitioning, followed by the similar procedural steps for the two fractions separately. It gives good quality and quantity of the nDNA as well as the mtDNA, suitable for processes like PCR amplification and sequencing and may prove to be useful for people studying population genetics and evolution using molecular markers maximizing the available resources, especially in cases where a large database needs to be generated from limited amount of blood sample. From 3 ml of blood, the yields of mtDNA salvaged from the supernatant were sufficient to set approximately 4x10(5) reactions (starting with 250 fg DNA per reactions) of mtDNA loci which otherwise would have been discarded as per original Lahiri's procedure. The quality of mtDNA from the mitochondrial fraction was suitable for all major downstream processes as confirmed by locus specific PCR amplifications and sequencing. Through this procedure, the wastage of nDNA can be avoided when mtDNA loci is studied.
Gluten-sensitive enteropathy (celiac disease): more common than you think. (2002)

Gluten-sensitive enteropathy or, as it is more commonly called, celiac disease, is an autoimmune inflammatory disease of the small intestine that is precipitated by the ingestion of gluten, a component of wheat protein, in genetically susceptible persons. Exclusion of dietary gluten results in healing of the mucosa, resolution of the malabsorptive state, and reversal of most, if not all, effects of celiac disease. Recent studies in the United States suggest that the prevalence of celiac disease is approximately one case per 250 persons. Gluten-sensitive enteropathy commonly manifests as "silent" celiac disease (i.e., minimal or no symptoms). Serologic tests for antibodies against endomysium, transglutaminase, and gliadin identify most patients with the disease. Serologic testing should be considered in patients who are at increased genetic risk for gluten-sensitive enteropathy (i.e., family history of celiac disease or personal history of type I diabetes) and in patients who have chronic diarrhea, unexplained anemia, chronic fatigue, or unexplained weight loss. Early diagnosis and management are important to forestall serious consequences of malabsorption, such as osteoporosis and anemia.
A session-based search engine (2004)

In this poster, we describe a novel session-based search engine, which puts the search in context. The search engine has a number of session-based features including expansion of the current query with user query history and clickthrough data (title and summary of clicked web pages) in the same search session and the session boundary recognition through temporal closeness and probabilistic similarity between query terms. In addition, the search engine visualizes the rank change of web pages as different queries are submitted in the same search session to help the user reformulate the query.
Accurate Segmentation of Dermoscopic Images by Image Thresholding Based on Type-2 Fuzzy Logic (2009)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> A novel thresholding-based segmentation approach for accurate segmentation of pigmented skin lesion images regarding malignant melanoma diagnosis has been proposed. The presented approach utilizes type-2 fuzzy logic techniques for automatic threshold determination. The method is applied on various clinically obtained lesion images, and the results are compared with those obtained with two other popular methods from the literature. It is observed that the presented method exhibits superior performance over competing methods and is very successful at handling the uncertainty encountered in determining the border between the lesion and the skin. </para>
Spin torque effect on topological defects and transitions of magnetic domain phases in Ta/CoFeB/MgO (2019)

Using the polar magneto-optical Kerr effect microscope, we have observed in a prototypical multilayer system of Ta/CoFeB/MgO a spin current-driven transformation of an initial labyrinthine domain pattern. The labyrinthine domain phase can either transform into a dense array of skyrmions or simply change in the orientational order, depending on the strengths of the applied spin current pulse and the external magnetic field. We conclude both from experimental studies and from micromagnetic simulations that the applied spin current leads to the generation/deletion of topological defects through modifying the motion of domain walls and the magnetic configurations within the domain walls, leading to the observed transformations. This is different from the thermally induced transitions where the nucleation and proliferation of topological defects are the dominant factors.
Functional screening for miRNAs targeting Smad4 identified miR-199a as a negative regulator of TGF-β signalling pathway (2012)

The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signalling pathway participates in various biological processes. Dysregulation of Smad4, a central cellular transducer of TGF-β signalling, is implicated in a wide range of human diseases and developmental disorders. However, the mechanisms underlying Smad4 dysregulation are not fully understood. Using a functional screening approach based on luciferase reporter assays, we identified 39 microRNAs (miRNAs) as potential regulators of Smad4 from an expression library of 388 human miRNAs. The screening was supported by bioinformatic analysis, as 24 of 39 identified miRNAs were also predicted to target Smad4. MiR-199a, one of the identified miRNAs, was inversely correlated with Smad4 expression in various human cancer cell lines and gastric cancer tissues, and repressed Smad4 expression and blocked canonical TGF-β transcriptional responses in cell lines. These effects were dependent on the presence of a conserved, but not perfect seed paired, miR-199a-binding site in the Smad4 3'-untranslated region (UTR). Overexpression of miR-199a significantly inhibited the ability of TGF-β to induce gastric cancer cell growth arrest and apoptosis in vitro, and promoted anchorage-independent growth in soft agar, suggesting that miR-199a plays an oncogenic role in human gastric tumourigenesis. In conclusion, our functional screening uncovers multiple miRNAs that regulate the cellular responsiveness to TGF-β signalling and reveals important roles of miR-199a in gastric cancer by directly targeting Smad4.
Optical sectioning microscopy using two-frame structured illumination and Hilbert-Huang data processing (2014)

We propose a fast, simple and experimentally robust method for reconstructing background-rejected optically-sectioned microscopic images using two-shot structured illumination approach. Innovative data demodulation technique requires two grid-illumination images mutually phase shifted by π (half a grid period) but precise phase displacement value is not critical. Upon subtraction of the two frames the input pattern with increased grid modulation is computed. The proposed demodulation procedure comprises: (1) two-dimensional data processing based on the enhanced, fast empirical mode decomposition (EFEMD) method for the object spatial frequency selection (noise reduction and bias term removal), and (2) calculating high contrast optically-sectioned image using the two-dimensional spiral Hilbert transform (HS). The proposed algorithm effectiveness is compared with the results obtained for the same input data using conventional structured-illumination (SIM) and HiLo microscopy methods. The input data were collected for studying highly scattering tissue samples in reflectance mode. In comparison with the conventional three-frame SIM technique we need one frame less and no stringent requirement on the exact phase-shift between recorded frames is imposed. The HiLo algorithm outcome is strongly dependent on the set of parameters chosen manually by the operator (cut-off frequencies for low-pass and high-pass filtering and η parameter value for optically-sectioned image reconstruction) whereas the proposed method is parameter-free. Moreover very short processing time required to efficiently demodulate the input pattern predestines proposed method for real-time in-vivo studies. Current implementation completes full processing in 0.25s using medium class PC (Inter i7 2,1 GHz processor and 8 GB RAM). Simple modification employed to extract only first two BIMFs with fixed filter window size results in reducing the computing time to 0.11s (8 frames/s).
Fault Diagnosis and Fault-Tolerant Control of Megawatt Power Electronic Converter-Fed Large-Rated Asynchronous Hydrogenerator (2018)

In recent years, it has been difficult to achieve power converter redundancy in the multichannel voltage-source inverter (VSI)-fed large-rated doubly fed induction machines (DFIMs), and it has not yet been adopted in any commissioned variable-speed pumped storage power plants. Multichannel VSIs are a fundamental part of DFIMs, and they control the real and reactive powers of the machines. This paper presents the fault-tolerant operation of a large-rated DFIM hydrogenerating unit at open-switch faults in back-to-back VSIs. A technique for diagnosing the open-switch faults in grid-side and machineside converters is proposed. An open-switch fault is detected based on the variation in rotor currents and dc link voltage, which reduces the computational efforts during fault diagnosis. A 250-MW DFIM with five-channel three-level VSIs (each rated at 9 MVA) is simulated in the MATLAB/Simulink environment to observe the drive behavior. Finally, a 2.2-kW DFIM is tested in a laboratory environment to verify the experimental results.
Built-in self-test structures around cellular automata and counters (1990)

BIST structures for on-chip generation of random, exhaustive and deterministic test patterns have been discussed in the paper. Iso-morphism between maximal length LFSR and exhaustive CA has been established and the pseudorandomness properties of CAs in terms of well-suited autocorrelation functions have been investigated. Owing to the regularity in interconnection structure, additive group CA (cellular automata) offers advantages over LFSR. A method of covering deterministic test set by a counter-based scheme and its optimisation based on AT2 complexity has been discussed.
Multiuser detection with base station diversity (2002)

A method for combining multiuser detection with base station diversity is presented for the uplink of a multiple access network composed of K transmitters and M receivers. At each base station, a K user soft-output multiuser receiver is implemented using the log maximum a posteriori (log-MAP) algorithm. The log-likelihood ratio outputs from the M base stations are combined before a final hard decision is made. This strategy has the ability to simultaneously mitigate the detrimental effects of both multiuser interference and fading, and has the potential to extend cell range and reduce the frequency reuse distance. Simulation results are shown for a time division multiple access (TDMA) network with 3 users and 3 base stations.
Adhesion of Copper Electroplated to Thin Film Tin Oxide for Electrodes in Flat Panel Displays (1997)

The performance of large area and high resolution flat panel displays is contingent upon the conductivity of the transparent electrodes. Copper busbars plated to the sidewalls of the conventional electrode structure provide an order of magnitude enhancement in electrode conductivity while minimizing the loss in transmittivity to less than 3%. Essential to the above is sufficient adhesion between the copper and the . Previous work identified the need for an electrolytic reduction process, before copper plating, for adhesion to reach an acceptable strength, as observed by qualitative rubbing and peel tests. In this work, the electrochemical process conditions required for an adhesion strength of at least 100 kg/cm2 are identified. Our results show that while both the current density and the electrical charge should be carefully chosen for optimum copper layer properties, the parametric selection can be made from a relative wide range of values. The suitable charge QR, QCu (C/cm2) and current densities JR, JCu (mA/cm2) for the reduction and copper plating stages of the process are: , and . Under these conditions, the copper thickness is between 300 and 500 nm.