gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Metabolic Defense of the Body Weight Set Point (1983)

The energy needs of an organism are a function of the tissue mass it maintains. Interspecific comparisons indicate that energy needs are a power function of body weight (12). Much of the work described here represents an effort to ascertain whether the function relating intraspecific energy expenditure to maintained body weight takes a similar form. The evidence to date from various rat preparations suggests that although some differences may exist, the form of the function for rats is not likely to differ substantially from the interspecific function derived by Kleiber (12). What has also emerged from this work, however is evidence that both the inter- and intraspecific functions accurately predict energy needs only when the organism is at the particular body weight it normally maintains and defends. This is because a rise in weight from the normal level causes energy needs to increase at a faster rate than the relationship would predict, whereas declines in weight from this level produce greater than predicted decreases in energy expenditure. We thus propose that an animal's body weight set-point be taken as the weight at which its daily energy needs can be accurately predicted from its metabolic body size. It is only at this one body weight that the animal is normometabolic. It can then be asked whether organisms maintaining abnormally high or low body weights are suffering from regulatory dysfunctions or regulating normally but at elevated or depressed set-points. We have seen that obese Zucker rats display the same adaptive metabolic adjustments to weight loss as normal weight rats. Since the exact form of the intraspecific body weight-metabolic needs relationship has not yet been determined, we must withhold judgment as to whether Zucker fatty rats are normometabolic at their elevated body weights. Since they display an effective metabolic defense of their obesity, however, an elevated set-point, rather than regulatory failure, seems to be the more probable cause of the Zucker fatty's condition. More compelling evidence of regulation at an altered body weight set-point is provided by the LH-lesioned rat. This preparation is normometabolic at the reduced body weight it maintains, and it becomes hypermetabolic when its weight is elevated to the level of nonlesioned littermates. The obesity of the VMH-lesioned rat, on the other hand, may well stem from primary regulatory impairments.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Rationale of the Knee Society clinical rating system. (1989)

A new total knee rating system has been developed by The Knee Society to provide an up-to-date more stringent evaluation form. The system is subdivided into a knee score that rates only the knee joint itself and a functional score that rates the patient's ability to walk and climb stairs. The dual rating system eliminates the problem of declining knee scores associated with patient infirmity.
Synthesis of 1,3,4-thiadiazole-[3,2,-a]-s-triazine-5,7-dithione derivatives and their pharmacological evaluation. (1994)

2-Mercapto-6-phenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole-(3,2-a)-s-triazine-5,7-dithione (1) was converted to 2-[3-carboxyl-2-methyl-1-mercapto]-6-phenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole-(3,2-a)-s- triazine-5,6 dithione (2) and 2-thioethanoic acid-6-phenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole-(3, 2-a)-s-triazine-5,7-dithione (4). This on reaction with o-phenylenediamine/ethylenediamine/o-aminophenol/o-aminothiophenol and polyphosphoric acid yielded compounds 3 (a-d) and 5 (a-d). The compounds 1,2,4,3 (a-d) and 5 (a-d) were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity against carrageenan induced paw oedema. The compounds found potent were further tested for their antiwrithmogenic activity in albino mice. Two compounds (2,3c) exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity, also showed protection against aconitine induced writhing response, with high approximate LD50 values.
Geometrical isomerism in the S-alkyl thiohydroximate series: a new oxime fragmentation (1968)

The syn-(alkylthio)-configuration has been assigned to the thermodynamically stable form of the S-alkyl thiohydroximates from the results of Beckmann rearrangements on both geometrical isomers. The anti-(alkylthio)-isomers undergo fragmentation under Beckmann conditions. The syn-(alkylthio)-isomers may be converted to the anti-isomers by irradiation with u.v. light. Other evidence concerning the geometry of this series of compounds is discussed.
NMR diffusion and flow measurements and an introduction to spin phase graphing (1978)

Diffusion and flow can be measured very delicately and accurately using an NMR system. The essence of the method is that motion of magnetic nuclei in a magnetic field and a magnetic gradient results in those nuclei changing their Larmor precession frequency and their phase angle in the field. Since NMR can be set up to measure the number of nuclei at specific phase angles, the motion of groups of nuclei can be determined very accurately. Self-diffusion of molecules was first measured by Hahn in 1950. Self-diffusion of molecules and flow of molecules can be separated in an NMR measurement as was shown by Carr and Purcell in 1954. This review describes some techniques of NMR diffusion and flow measurements, and a method of plotting phase angles of isochromatic spin groups for theoretical analyses and simulations of NMR experiments.
Arylboronic Acids. IV. Reactions of Boronophthalide<sup>1</sup> (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTArylboronic Acids. IV. Reactions of Boronophthalide1W. J. Lennarz and H. R. SnyderCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 9, 2172–2175Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01494a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01494a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1051Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Production of infectious in vitro transcripts from a full-length clover yellow mosaic virus cDNA clone (1993)

A full-length cDNA copy of clover yellow mosaic virus (CYMV) RNA was constructed from two smaller cDNA clones. In vitro transcription of linearized plasmid with T7 RNA polymerase produced genomic-sized RNA. These transcripts caused symptoms typical of CYMV infection when used to inoculate both a systemic host (Vicia faba) and a local lesion host (Gomphrena globosa). Electron microscopy of extracts from individual local lesions revealed virus particles identical to native CYMV. Increasing the length of the poly(A) tail from 23 residues to 80 or to 135 residues increased the infectivity rate from 12% to 17% or to 35% that of native CYMV RNA, respectively.
Appropriate Agile Measurement: Using Metrics and Diagnostics to Deliver Business Value (2006)

Agile software development continually measures both our product and the process used to create it, to allow improvement. With increased popularity, more risk-averse groups are being drawn to agile, bringing with them modes of evaluation incompatible with agile values and principles. These outmoded metrics drive dysfunctional behaviors which threaten the integrity of an emerging agile culture. This paper collects some of the current thinking on appropriate agile metrics, and proposes simple tools for use by teams or organizations. The intention of these tools is to foster dialogue about the appropriateness of metrics in a given context, and thereby to encourage measurements more congruent with the objectives of agile teamwork.
Color model for the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>ψ</mml:mi><mml:mo>'</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">s</mml:mi></mml:math> (1975)

We elaborate on an earlier suggestion that the recently discovered $\ensuremath{\psi}$ particles are "colored" vector mesons. We discuss in detail the production of these states by photons and hadrons and their possible decay modes. Constraints on the spectroscopy of these new color states are examined and crucial experimental tests for the model are outlined.
Pathogenesis of kidney disease in systemic lupus erythematosus (2009)

Lupus glomerulonephritis is a prototype of immune complex disease mediated by autoantibodies of multiple specificities, one of which is anti-DNA. Murine models of spontaneous systemic lupus erythematosus have been critical for understanding the underlying disease. Recent studies demonstrate that in addition to systemic autoimmunity, end-organ responses, and end-organ resistance to damage are also critical in determining disease outcome. This understanding should influence design of novel therapeutic approaches in systemic lupus erythematosus.
Deutscher Alterssurvey (DEAS): Instrumente der DEAS-Kurzbefragung 2020 (2021)

Der Deutsche Alterssurvey (DEAS) ist eine Langzeitstudie zum Wandel der Lebenssituationen und Alternsverläufe von Menschen, die sich in der zweiten Lebenshälfte befinden. Grundlage sind bundesweit repräsentative Befragungen im Quer- und Längsschnitt von jeweils mehreren tausend Teilnehmern im Alter ab 40 Jahren. In den Erhebungsjahren 1996, 2002, 2008 und 2014 wurde je eine neue Basisstichprobe gezogen und in den Jahren 2002, 2008, 2011, 2014, 2017 und 2020 wurden frühere Teilnehmer erneut interviewt (Panel). Im Juni und Juli 2020 wurde eine schriftliche Kurzbefragung zu folgenden Themen durchgeführt: Bedrohungsängste durch die Corona-Krise Infektion mit Corona-Virus im persönlichen Umfeld Situation des Haushalts und der Familie Veränderungen der sozialen Kontakte Erhaltene, geleistete und möglicher Mangel an sozialer Unterstützung Lebenszufriedenheit, Einsamkeit, Depressivität und Gesundheit Körperliche Aktivität Alterserleben und Altersdiskriminierung Internetnutzung Erwerbsbeteiligung, Einschränkungen und Veränderungen der Arbeitssituation Materielle Lage, Lebensstandard, Erhalt staatlicher Leistungen Soziodemografische Merkmale
Fundamentals of 5G Mobile Networks (2015)

Fundamentals of 5G Mobile Networks provides an overview of the key features of the 5th Generation (5G) mobile networks, discussing the motivation for 5G and the main challenges in developing this new technology. This book provides an insight into the key areas of research that will define this new system technology paving the path towards future research and development. The book is multi-disciplinary in nature, and aims to cover a whole host of intertwined subjects that will predominantly influence the 5G landscape, including the future Internet, cloud computing, small cells and self-organ
Prediction of Myocardial Viability by MRI (1999)

evascularization interventions in evolving myocardial infarctions have their rationale in the assumption that viable myocardial cells persist in the ischemically injured area. Consequently, intensive work has been directed over the past decade toward the development of noninvasive imaging methods to identify and quantify myocardial viability.
Annealing-Induced Changes in Electrical, Optical, and Magnetic Properties of Phosphorus Doped Bulk Zn1-xMnxTe (2002)

We report on successful growth of heavily p-type doped bulk Zn1–xMnxTe crystals. Free hole density as high as 1019 cm–3 has been achieved by use of Zn3P2 as a source of phosphorus acceptors and by post-growth high pressure annealing. The latter proved to be of a vital importance, removing a strong compensation present in as-grown materials. As a result, the annealed crystals exhibit a very bright green photoluminescence (λ ≈ 520 nm) at temperatures as high as 160 K. The annealed samples with hole concentration p > 2 × 1018 cm–3 show a positive Curie-Weiss temperature and open hysteresis curves, characteristic of a system with ferromagnetic correlations.
El delito societario de administración desleal: síntesis jurisprudencial y nuevas perspectivas ante su proyectada derogación, la crisis económica y el paro (1) (2014)

En el presente estudio se aboga por la permanencia del delito societario de administracion desleal del actual art. 295 CP frente a su prevista derogacion en el Proyecto de Ley de reforma de CP de 2013. Se entiende por el autor que la administracion desleal como delito societario tiene caracteristicas propias en orden a su naturaleza, bien juridico protegido, tipo objetivo y tipo subjetivo, que permiten mantener este delito en el contexto de los demas delitos societarios, formando todos ellos un grupo de delitos con entidad singular, en los que se pretende proteger el principio democratico en las sociedades mercantiles frente a las patologias de su gestion oligarquica. Todo ello, en el contexto de una economia capitalista productiva y no meramente especulativa, generadora de empleo frente a la crisis economica. El previsto delito generico de administracion desleal de patrimonios ajenos no colmaria el hueco que dejaria la derogacion del actual delito societario.
Intracoronary Stenting and Angiographic Results (2001)

The use of a thinner-strut device is associated with a significant reduction of angiographic and clinical restenosis after coronary artery stenting. These findings may have relevant implications for the currently most widely used percutaneous coronary intervention.
Recognising emotional intelligence in professional standards for teaching (2008)

A project conducted in a primary school explored the hypothesis that student teachers could reflect upon feedback to improve their use of emotional intelligence in the classroom, thereby making consequent improvements to their teaching as defined by the required professional teaching standards. The small body of literature on the emotional intelligence of teaching is reviewed, informing a defi nition of the term ‘emotional intelligence’ and the project’s research methodology. Four student teachers and their teacher mentors participated with a teacher educator to provide two data sets – joint lesson observations records and semi-structured interviews. The joint observations were conducted with the teacher educator, using an observational checklist based on an emotional intelligence competencies framework, and the mentor, assessing demonstration of the required professional standards. Two lessons per student were observed with a four week interval. Shortly after the second observation, student teachers and mentors were interviewed in peer pairs. The outcomes show linked improvements in terms of emotional intelligence and the professional standards, with the mentor and student teacher participants confirming the value and relevance of assessment through an emotional intelligence filter. The findings have implications for emergent and established teachers in school and higher education settings. They call for a learning community to share good practice and support each other’s development through observation, discussion and modelling of emotionally-intelligent teaching and conduct. The study concludes that higher education programmes and partner schools would benefit from time, curriculum provision and government agency support to recognise, reflect upon and develop emotional intelligence in teaching.
14.3: Photovoltaic Cell Integrated into a Reflective LCD (2002)

Abstract A vast majority of portable products on the market use reflective liquid crystal displays (RLCD). Taking advantage of this, we have developed Power View technology that integrates a photovoltaic (solar) panel into a RLCD. In this paper we will present principles and approaches of different displays/photovoltaic cell combinations. Both optical and electrical results on such displays will be presented. Unique requirements and solutions for such display systems in terms of both display and solar panel performances will be discussed. We will also discuss the synergy among display size, surface area, photovoltaic cell, and issues related to mobile applications. Use models that utilize this technology will be presented. Finally different Power View display prototypes fabricated in our laboratory will be demonstrated.
A new algorithm for high quality video format conversion (2002)

The number of video formats is increasing rapidly. As a consequence, the conversion of video signals from one format into another is of growing importance. The motion portrayal of up-converted sequences significantly improves using motion compensated interpolation techniques, but artifacts are generally visible at the boundary of moving objects where either covering or uncovering of picture parts occurs. A robust method to locate covered and uncovered areas, find the correct motion vector, and interpolate new pictures, is presented. Moreover, the paper provides an overview and an evaluation of some of the more relevant proposals for picture rate up-conversion.
Study on Stability of a Novel Binder System Based on Palm Stearin in Metal Injection Moulding Application (2007)

Metal Injection Molding (MIM) is a wellestablished technology for manufacturing a variety of complex and small precision parts. In this paper, fundamental rheological characteristics of MIM feedstock using palm stearin are theoretically analyzed and presented. The feedstock consisted of gas atomized 316L stainless steel powder at three different particle size distributions and the binder system of palm stearin (PS) and polyethylene (PE). The powder loading used was 60vol % for all samples (monosize 16 µm, monosize 45 µm, and bimodal 16 µm + 45 µm) and the binder system of 40vol %(PS/PE = 40/60). The viscosity of MIM feedstock at different temperatures and shear rates was measured and evaluated. Results showed that, the feedstock containing palm stearin exhibited suitable rheological properties by increasing the fluidity of feedstock in MIM process. The rheological results also showed a pseudoplastic flow characteristics, which poses higher value of shear sensitivity (n) and lower value of flow activation energy (E), that are both favourable for injection molding process. The green parts were successfully injected and exhibited adequate strength for handling by optimizing the injection pressure and temperature.
Novel analgesics and molecular rearrangements in the morphine-thebaine group. V. Derivatives of 7,8-dihydrocyclohexeno[1',2':8,14]codeinone (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNovel analgesics and molecular rearrangements in the morphine-thebaine group. V. Derivatives of 7,8-dihydrocyclohexeno[1',2':8,14]codeinoneKenneth W. Bentley, Denis G. Hardy, Charles F. Howell, William. Fulmor, John E. Lancaster, John Johnston. Brown, George O. Morton, and Robert A. HardyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1967, 89, 13, 3303–3311Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00989a034https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00989a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views145Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Copenhagen Invitation (2015)

What is a metaphor for? We might first assume that these unassuming little devices are fixers against incomprehension. They are often translative, mnemonics tricks, linguistically metamorphosing the unknown of a murky, muddy idea into to the crystalline clarity of the familiar. Language itself functions analogously — ”that is a chair” solidifies reference, subtended by tradition, culture and practice, from a concrete object to a gaseous concept, and sublimating back again. “No ideas but in things,” wrote W.C. Williams. (Duffey, Litz, & MacGowan, 1987) Karan Barad inverts this relation with her own rejoinder: “Language matters. Discourse matters. Culture matters. There is an important sense in which the only thing that does not seem to matter anymore is matter.” (Micciche, 2014)
A survey on forecasting of time series data (2016)

Time series analysis and forecasting future values has been a major research focus since years ago. Time series analysis and forecasting in time series data finds it significance in many applications such as business, stock market and exchange, weather, electricity demand, cost and usage of products such as fuels, electricity, etc. and in any kind of place that has specific seasonal or trendy changes with time. The forecasting of time series data provides the organization with useful information that is necessary for making important decisions. In this paper, a detailed survey of the various techniques applied for forecasting different types of time series dataset is provided. This survey covers the overall forecasting models, the algorithms used within the model and other optimization techniques used for better performance and accuracy. The various performance evaluation parameters used for evaluating the forecasting models are also discussed in this paper. This study gives the reader an idea about the various researches that take place within forecasting using the time series data.
Radio-over-fiber networks for mobile communications (2004)

Distributed antenna systems based on radio over fibre technology (fibre DAS) are becoming increasingly popular for providing cellular radio coverage within large buildings such as shopping centres, airports and corporate office blocks. The main limitation with fibre DAS, however, is its lack of flexibility for providing tailored radio coverage in multi-service or multi-operator environments. A new architecture, switched DAS, is proposed for these situations, which leads to both capital and operational cost savings as well as much greater operational flexibility