gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Near Field Communication for pilgrim services (2012)

Several million pilgrims perform Hajj in Saudi Arabia every year. These pilgrims come from all around the globe and speak more than 120 different languages. Majority of these pilgrims are old-aged. Many of these pilgrims get sick, lose money, lose identification documents, and several die naturally during these few days of pilgrimage every year. This event poses several challenges to the authorities, to take care of these guests of the country and provide the best of services. Technology can help in making this Holy trip easier on pilgrims and the authorities. Near Field Communication (NFC) technology can help in improving services at a higher efficiency. Particularly, NFC enabled mobile phones can improve the following services: accelerate pilgrimage permit screening at checkpoints, dealing with medical cases and emergencies by holding medical records of pilgrims and as a pass for transportation between Holy sites. It can also hold an electronic copy of all official documents, in case the pilgrims lose their passport and other documents. In addition, it can act as access control to hotels and camps and as an e-purse to relieve pilgrims from carrying cash. It could also enable officers to easily identify and direct lost pilgrims to their groups. Moreover, kiosk points can be provided for pilgrims to download video clips that highlight the rituals to be performed at each Holy site. Most of these services can be provided with programmed NFC tags if the pilgrims do not have an NFC enabled mobile phone.
ChemInform Abstract: Mechanism of Kharash Reaction Catalyzed by Fe(CO)5. Part 1. Stereochemistry of BrCCl3 Addition to (R)‐3‐(E)‐Cinnamoyl‐4‐ phenyloxazolidin‐2‐one, (R)‐3‐(E)‐Acryloyl‐4‐phenyloxazolidin‐2‐one and Their π‐Complexes with Fe(CO)4. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Bronchoscopic thermal vapour ablation therapy in the management of heterogeneous emphysema (2011)

The need for a less invasive procedure than surgical lung volume reduction that can produce consistent improvements with reduced morbidity remains a medical goal in patients with emphysema. We sought to determine the effect of bronchoscopic thermal vapour ablation (BTVA) on lung volumes and outcomes in patients with emphysema. 44 patients with upper lobe-predominant emphysema were treated unilaterally with BTVA. Entry criteria included: age 40-75 yrs, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1)) 15-45% predicted, previous pulmonary rehabilitation and a heterogeneity index (tissue/air ratio of lower lobe/upper lobe) from high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) ≥ 1.2. Changes in FEV(1), St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), 6-min walk distance (6 MWD), modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnoea score, and hyperinflation were measured at baseline, and 3 and 6 months post-BTVA. At 6 months, mean ± SE FEV(1) improved by 141 ± 26 mL (p<0.001) and residual volume was reduced by 406 ± 113 mL (p<0.0001). SGRQ total score improved by 14.0 ± 2.4 points (p<0.001), with 73% improving by ≥ 4 points. Improvements were observed in 6 MWD (46.5 ± 10.6 m) and mMRC dyspnoea score (0.9 ± 0.2) (p<0.001 for both). Lower respiratory events (n=11) were the most common adverse event and occurred most often during the initial 30 days. BTVA therapy results in clinically relevant improvements in lung function, quality of life and exercise tolerance in upper lobe predominant emphysema.
Production of interleukin 1 activity by cultured human melanoma cells. (1989)

A panel of melanoma cell lines derived from 7 primary and 20 metastatic lesions was tested for the production of interleukin 1 (IL-1) in standard mouse thymocyte costimulation assays. Constitutively produced IL-1 activity was found in the conditioned media of 4 of 7 primary and 5 of 20 metastatic melanoma cell lines tested. Four of 9 cell lines secreting IL-1 were also shown to contain cell-associated activity in their lysates. Melanoma-conditioned media were, however, unable to support the growth of CTLL, an interleukin 2-dependent cell line. The secreted IL-1 activity was significantly inhibited by antibodies to recombinant IL-1 alpha (3 of 3 lines), but not antibody to recombinant IL-1 beta. When conditioned medium from one cell line was fractionated on a Superose 12 column by fast protein liquid chromatography, a major peak of activity eluted at Mr 22,500-27,500. The presence of 2.2-kilobase mRNA hybridizing a probe for IL-1 alpha and 1.6-kilobase mRNA hybridizing a probe for IL-1 beta was detected by Northern blot in 3 of 4 secreting cell lines but not in a nonsecreting line. Taken together, these results suggest that cultured melanoma cells produce the cytokine IL-1 alpha, although the relationship between melanoma IL-1 and monocyte IL-1 is unclear. The production of IL-1 by melanoma cells is of interest because of its potential roles in the biology of melanoma through direct effects on tumor growth or through indirect effects on adjacent stromal and endothelial cells and infiltrating lymphoid cells.
Selection and Care of Cardiac Patients for Plastic Surgery (1982)

A major operation after successful coronary artery bypass surgery has been proved as safe as an operation for a patient free from coronary artery disease. Most patients with angina who demonstrate an operable coronary lesion should usually be scheduled for coronary artery bypass before undergoing nonemergency surgery. It is advisable to postpone elective plastic surgery for 6 weeks to 3 months after coronary bypass and 6 months after myocardial infarction. The life expectancy of cardiac patients must be carefully considered before elective plastic surgery, because performing an operation on a patient who cannot live to enjoy the benefits is unwise. Working together, cardiac surgeons, cardiologists, and plastic surgeons can now prolong the quantity of life and enrich its quality in properly selected and carefully managed patients.
Pituitary Gland: Enzymic Formation of Methanol from <i>S</i> -Adenosylmethionine (1965)

An enzyme has been found that can transform S-adenosylmethionine to methanol and S-adenosylhomocysteine. This enzyme is highly localized in the pituitary gland of several mammalian species.
Super green2: An architect’s journey into the world of material development and sustainable design (2017)

Each year 8,736 billion tons of concrete is used globally, it is the second most used material in the world after water [1]. The material culture of concrete goes back millennia but maybe there is a different way to view concrete, such as a structure to grow life on rather than as a component of the stark urban environment [2]. Every 10 years an area the size of Britain disappears under concrete. In the next decade the urban environment is predicted to grow by 30 %[3]. With urban environments on the rise the importance of green spaces is critical.<br/>The project is based on an architect (PhD Student) developing skills and insight into the technically rigorous nature of material development, with the support and expertise of a diverse-disciplinary supervisory team. As Morrow says; the architect/designer needs to become a driving force within material development. If building materials are ever to move past being designed to only meet technical requirements and the aesthetics being an afterthought, then the designer needs to be part of the team to push for a design-led material development. By developing a new methodology, materials can therefore be designed to meet a multifaceted cultural specification from the outset [4]. This fundamental rethink to material development echoes the words of Buckminster Fuller; “You never change things by fighting the existing reality. To change something, build a new model that makes the existing model obsolete.”(Fuller, R. Buckminster, 1982, p. 84) [5].<br/>The project sets itself up as a process of genuine enquiry – charting territory that architects rarely venture into. It begins by questioning the vision of facades that do more for people and the environment instead of only satisfying technical requirements. It then uses a process of questioning to find its research axis that makes this more of a journey rather than a planned A-B route. It starts with the question: Why can’t the modern building façade grow/absorb water or dirt?<br/>This paper aims to examine the complicated issues surrounding the use of concrete and the production of waste. It explores the collaboration between a multi-discipline team and the specialties they can all bring to the project. It then goes on to look briefly at manufacturing problems, material weathering, why concrete has been chosen, and the methodological framework that has been designed to dissect these problems.
An evaluation, comparison, and accurate benchmarking of several publicly available MS/MS search algorithms: Sensitivity and specificity analysis (2005)

MS/MS and associated database search algorithms are essential proteomic tools for identifying peptides. Due to their widespread use, it is now time to perform a systematic analysis of the various algorithms currently in use. Using blood specimens used in the HUPO Plasma Proteome Project, we have evaluated five search algorithms with respect to their sensitivity and specificity, and have also accurately benchmarked them based on specified false-positive (FP) rates. Spectrum Mill and SEQUEST performed well in terms of sensitivity, but were inferior to MASCOT, X!Tandem, and Sonar in terms of specificity. Overall, MASCOT, a probabilistic search algorithm, correctly identified most peptides based on a specified FP rate. The rescoring algorithm, PeptideProphet, enhanced the overall performance of the SEQUEST algorithm, as well as provided predictable FP error rates. Ideally, score thresholds should be calculated for each peptide spectrum or minimally, derived from a reversed-sequence search as demonstrated in this study based on a validated data set. The availability of open-source search algorithms, such as X!Tandem, makes it feasible to further improve the validation process (manual or automatic) on the basis of "consensus scoring", i.e., the use of multiple (at least two) search algorithms to reduce the number of FPs. complement.
Anisotropic Conduction Prolongs Ventricular Repolarization and Increases Its Spatial Gradient in the Intact Canine Heart (2000)

The effects of the activation sequence on ventricular repolarization and its spatial gradient were examined in anesthetized open-chest dogs. Unipolar and bipolar electrograms were recorded from 47 epicardial sites on the anterior left ventricular wall using a mapping electrode. The local QT interval (QT) and the activation time (AT) at each site were measured on the unipolar and bipolar electrograms, respectively. The QT index (QTI) was defined as the QT minus AT interval, and was used as a measure of local repolarization. QTI was longer at each site during propagation that was longitudinal (L) (219+/-21 ms) than during propagation transverse (T) (202+/-22 ms, p<0.001) to the epicardial fiber orientation or during atrial pacing (165+/-20 ms, p<0.001). During L-propagation, the QTI shortened as a function of the distance from the stimulus. The spatial gradient was steeper during T-propagation (p<0.05). Monophasic action potentials (MAP) were also recorded simultaneously at 4 epicardial sites. The MAP duration during ventricular pacing was longer than during atrial pacing at sites within 1.5 cm of the pacing site. This difference disappeared at more distant sites and was attenuated by a simultaneous stimulus from a site symmetrically aligned along the fiber. These findings indicate that anisotropic conduction prolongs ventricular repolarization and increases its spatial gradient in the intact heart. An electrotonic downstream effect appears to be the cause.
Theory of low-energy electron diffraction for detailed structural determination of nanomaterials: Ordered structures (2007)

To enable the determination of detailed structures of nanomaterials, we extend the theory of low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) to become more efficient for complex and disordered systems. Our new cluster approach speeds up the computation to scale as $n\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\mathrm{log}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}n$, rather than the current ${n}^{3}$ or ${n}^{2}$, with $n$ the number of atoms, for example, making nanostructures accessible. Experimental methods to measure LEED data already exist or have been proposed. Potential application to ordered nanoparticles are illustrated here for ${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$ molecules adsorbed on a $\mathrm{Cu}(111)$ surface, with and without coadsorbed metal atoms, as well as for adsorbed carbon nanotubes. These demonstrate sensitivity to important structural features such as size and deformation of the nanostructures.
Ten-membered rings. Transannular double-bond participation in acid-promoted cyclizations (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTen-membered rings. Transannular double-bond participation in acid-promoted cyclizationsPeter S. Wharton, Richard A. Kretchmer, Robert J. Kilian, and Tomio OdaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1974, 39, 25, 3755–3763Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00939a033https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00939a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views119Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Mesomorphic Properties of 4-[3′,4′,5′-tri(<i>p-n</i>−Dodecyloxybenzyloxy)]-Benzoyloxy-4‴-<i>p-n</i>−Dodecyloxybenzyloxybiphenyl (1994)

Abstract The diester was resynthesized to study its reported thermotropic biaxial nematic (Nb ) phase. A slightly different synthesis route using a monoprotected biphenol was used. All intermediates, as well as the final diester, were thoroughly characterized by high resolution NMR and in some cases elemental analysis to be certain that the product isolated had the correct structure. Mesomorphic properties were determined by both hot-stage polarizing microscopy and DSC. An I−nematic-smectic C sequence was observed rather than the Nb and Nu phases reported earlier. X-ray analysis confirmed the presence of a nematic above a smectic C phase.
Inversion-mode MOSFET's in polycrystalline Silicon thin films: Characterization and modeling (1987)

The performance of MOSFET's in LPCVD polysilicon is characterized. Specifically, the transistor I-V behavior, transconductance, channel mobility, and leakage current are discussed in detail. These observed device characteristics are quantitatively analyzed, based on polysilicon MOSFET theory presented herein. The model utilizes the concept of the effective doping level and is analytic, tractable, and analogous to conventional bulk silicon MOSFET theory. Additionally, the adverse role of the grain boundary for device performance and the effect of grain-boundary hydrogenation in increasing the ON/ OFF current ratio are described.
Magnetic and Magnetomechanical Properties of CoAl$_{\rm x}$Fe$_{2 - {\rm x}}$O$_{4}$for Stress Sensor and Actuator Applications (2009)

The potential of CoAl <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> Fe <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2-x</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> (x = 0.1 to 0.9) for magnetomechanical stress sensor applications has been studied. It was found that the plot of magnetostriction against applied magnetic field changed shape as Al content increased. Furthermore, substituting with Al <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+</sup> resulted in the increase of the sensitivity of strain to applied magnetic field (dlambda/d <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">H</i> ) <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> . The maximum magnetostriction for the Al-doped (x = 0.1) was 34% lower than un-doped Co-ferrite but the (dlambda/d <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">H</i> ) <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> was 112% higher. The magnitude of magnetostriction obtained for Al-doped samples is still sufficient for stress sensor and actuator applications. Results were compared with those obtained for Ge-, Ga-, Cr- and Mn-doped Co-ferrites. It was found that in terms of improving strain response to applied field whilst maintaining significant amplitude of magnetostriction CoAl <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> Fe <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2-x</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> has promising potential for magnetomechanical stress sensor applications.
On the design and testing of solid armatures for rail accelerator applications (1991)

Two different armature designs for rail accelerator applications have been studied during electromagnetic launch experiments. The designs investigated are an aluminum multifinger monobloc armature and a copper fiber brush armature. The experimental set-up used and the results obtained together with an electrothermal model that describes the armature interface behavior during the acceleration process, are presented. The results obtained lead to conclusions which are summarized. The aluminum solid monobloc armatures launched with the 3 m rail accelerator of rather loose tolerance in borewidth do not provide the expected solid-solid electrical sliding contacts. Loss of rigidity, mainly due to thermal loading of the finger tips, results in vigorous arcing, evaporation of the armature, and aluminium deposit on the rails. The copper fiber brush armatures launched with the 1 m rail accelerator with tight tolerance in borewidth provide integer solid-solid, current carrying sliding contacts in the initial phase of the acceleration process, followed by a transition to a hybrid form where plasma layers and the solid armature body constitute the current conducting interfaces. At the transition region, armature resistance increases by two orders of magnitude. A major portion of the electrical energy commutated into the rail accelerator is dissipated by ohmic heating of the rails. An analytical model to simulate electrothermal aspects of the armature which can predict the onset of transition from a solid to a hybrid armature adequately has been developed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Multifunctional nanostructured catalysts and sorbents: Destructive adsorbents enhanced by solar energy or photochemical boosting (2010)

The chronological progression to more and more effective solid decontamination agents is used as a prelude herein. An hypothesis or "goal" is set: it should be possible to create multi-purpose solid decontamination reagents that serve as (1) destructive adsorbents, photooxidation catalysts under visible and UV light, and decon agents for CWAs and BWAs. In order to achieve this goal, one must design non-toxic metal oxide nanomaterials with chemically active Lewis Acid/Base sites. These nanomaterials must possess chromophores that absorb visible light, and be composed mainly of a semiconductor material so that rapid energy transfer of electrons and holes to reactive sites can be achieved. In order to succeed, knowledge about photocatalysts and their structure must be combined with knowledge about solar cells, especially dye-sensitized solar cells based on nano-TiO. In this way, a multifunctional decon agent of high surface area and low toxicity to humans and animals, whose activity/selectivity is boosted by light, will be achieved.
The spin of<sup>124</sup>Sb and the spin and moments of<sup>122</sup>Sb (1960)

>The spin of Sb/sup 124/ and the spin and the hyperfine structure of Sb/ sup 122/ were measured. It was found that I/sup 124/ = 3 and I /sup 122/ = 2, both agreeing wlth previous results. The delta F = 1 transitions 5/2, -1/2 ? 3/ 2, 1/2 and 7/2, - 3/2 ? 5/2, -3/2 were observed in Sb/sup 122/, from which it was deduced that A/sup 122/ = +212.01 plus or minus Mc/sec and B/sup 122/ = + 8.7 plus or minus 0.5 Mc/sec. The ratio A/sup 122//A /sup 121/ is consistent with the Pipkin ratio g/sup 122//g/sup 121/, but no va lue was deduced for the hyperfine structure anomaly because the plus or minus 1% error in the g ratio is much greater than a typical s state anomaly. The uncorrected quadrupole moment derived from B/sup 122/ is Q/sup 122/=(+0.47 plus or minus 0.03) x 10/sup -2/ s cm/sup 2/ (B.O.G.)