gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Debugging of globally optimized programs using data flow analysis (1994)

Advanced processor and machine architectures need optimizing compilers to be efficiently programmed in high level languages. Therefore the need for source level debuggers that can handle optimized programs is rising. One difficulty in debugging optimized code arises from the problem to determine the values of source code variables. To ensure correct debugger behaviour with optimized programs, the debugger not only has to determine the variable's storage location or associated register. It must also verify that the variable is current, i.e. the value determined from that location is really the value that the variable would have in unoptimized code. We will deduce requirements on algorithms for currentness determination and present an algorithm meeting this requirements that is more general than previous work. We will also give first experiences with an implementation. To our knowledge this is the first implementation of a currentness determination algorithm for globally optimized code.
Inhibition of Membrane-Bound Methane Monooxygenase and Ammonia Monooxygenase by Diphenyliodonium: Implications for Electron Transfer (2004)

Diphenyliodonium (DPI) is known to irreversibly inactivate flavoproteins. We have found that DPI inhibits both membrane-bound methane monooxygenase (pMMO) from Methylococcus capsulatus and ammonia monooxygenase (AMO) of Nitrosomonas europaea. The effect of DPI on NADH-dependent pMMO activity in vitro is ascribed to inactivation of NDH-2, a flavoprotein which we proposed catalyzes reduction of the quinone pool by NADH. DPI is a potent inhibitor of type 2 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase (NDH-2), with 50% inhibition occurring at approximately 5 micro M. Inhibition of NDH-2 is irreversible and requires NADH. Inhibition of NADH-dependent pMMO activity by DPI in vitro is concomitant with inhibition of NDH-2, consistent with our proposal that NDH-2 mediates reduction of pMMO. Unexpectedly, DPI also inhibits pMMO activity driven by exogenous hydroquinols, but with approximately 100 micro M DPI required to achieve 50% inhibition. Similar concentrations of DPI are required to inhibit formate-, formaldehyde-, and hydroquinol-driven pMMO activities in whole cells. The pMMO activity in DPI-treated cells greatly exceeds the activity of NDH-2 or pMMO in membranes isolated from those cells, suggesting that electron transfer from formate to pMMO in vivo can occur independent of NADH and NDH-2. AMO activity, which is known to be independent of NADH, is affected by DPI in a manner analogous to pMMO in vivo: approximately 100 micro M is required for 50% inhibition regardless of the nature of the reducing agent. DPI does not affect hydroxylamine oxidoreductase activity and does not require AMO turnover to exert its inhibitory effect. Implications of these data for the electron transfer pathway from the quinone pool to pMMO and AMO are discussed.
A Multi Way Tree for Token Based Authentication (2008)

Tokens are popular in two factor authentication, where the first authentication credential is a fixed secret key s <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> associated with the user and the second authentication credential is a dynamic secret key s <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> generated by the token assigned to the user. Popular hardware tokens use a synchronized clock T along with a static secret key encoded into the token to generate a one time secret s <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> . The contribution of the paper is to eliminate this clock synchronization with the authentication server S and to detect unauthorized login attempts when an intruder is in possession of s <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> or s <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> but not both, with a high degree of certainty.
Breaking the filter bubble: democracy and design (2015)

It has been argued that the Internet and social media increase the number of available viewpoints, perspectives, ideas and opinions available, leading to a very diverse pool of information. However, critics have argued that algorithms used by search engines, social networking platforms and other large online intermediaries actually decrease information diversity by forming so-called “filter bubbles”. This may form a serious threat to our democracies. In response to this threat others have developed algorithms and digital tools to combat filter bubbles. This paper first provides examples of different software designs that try to break filter bubbles. Secondly, we show how norms required by two democracy models dominate the tools that are developed to fight the filter bubbles, while norms of other models are completely missing in the tools. The paper in conclusion argues that democracy itself is a contested concept and points to a variety of norms. Designers of diversity enhancing tools must thus be exposed to diverse conceptions of democracy.
The effects of methotrexate on pregnancy, fertility and lactation (1999)

Low-dose weekly methotrexate (MTX) is widely used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis1 and is now increasingly used in other rheumatic conditions, including systemic lupus erythematosus and juvenile arthritis. Because of its anti-metabolic and cytotoxic actions, questions of its safety in those of childbearing age are likely to become increasingly important. The aim of this review is to aid clinicians in the counselling and education of patients taking or about to start taking low-dose MTX. We examine the effects of MTX with respect to fertility, pregnancy and lactation, based upon information obtained using `Medline' search strategies from 1966 to 1997, hand search through the last ten years of the journal Teratology, source paper references and data from the UK National Teratology Information Service (NTIS) from 1992.

MTX is a derivative of the folic acid analogues. The importance of folic acid, a B group vitamin, in haematopoiesis was realized in the early 1940s, and by 1946 it had been synthesized and given its chemical term, pteroylglutamic acid.2 By the following year, the synthesis, anti-bacterial and anti-metabolic actions of its 4-amino derivative, aminopterin, had been described.3 The megaloblastic appearance of marrow in some cases of leukaemia, similar to that seen in folic acid deficiency, led early researchers to speculate that folic acid analogues could be useful in treating this form of malignancy. Paradoxically, it was found that a folate-deficient diet could cause depletion of leukaemic cell lines, which led to the use of the competitive analogues in haematological malignancies.4

In 1951, aminopterin was used for the first time for patients with a connective tissue disease, with six out of seven patients with rheumatoid arthritis experiencing some benefit. The authors commented, `The toxic effects of aminopterin place practical limitations on its use as a therapeutic agent'.5

MTX (amethopterin) … 

Dr M.E. Lloyd, Department of Rheumatology, Frimley Park Hospital, Portsmouth Road, Frimley, Surrey GU16 5UJ
Testing for maximum oxygen consumption has produced a brainless mode of human exercise performance (2008)

The measurement of the maximum oxygen consumption (VO 2 max) is probably the most widely used test in the applied sports sciences. Yet this test includes three features that are foreign to the manner in which humans usually exercise. First, the tested subject does not know the expected duration of the exercise bout when it begins. Second the intensity of the imposed exercise increases progressively, sometimes rapidly from low to “maximal” work rates. Third the imposed work rate is predetermined and immutable, beyond the control of the experimental subject’s brain. As a result the tested subject’s brain merely responds to changes in work rate imposed by the experimenter and is therefore the controlled variable in the experiment. In contrast when subjects are informed beforehand of either the expected exercise duration or the distance to be covered, they will choose to run at different paces depending on the known exercise duration. The brain achieves this by recruiting the exactly appropriate number of motor units in the exercising muscles. The goal of this strategy is to complete the activity without homeostatic failure whilst still allowing an increase in pace near the end of exercise, the “endspurt”. Since the tested subject’s brain is the controlled variable during the VO 2 max test merely responding passively to the externally-directed changes in work rate, so it has been assumed that the brain plays no part in “limiting” maximal exercise performance. This has in turn developed a “brainless” model of human exercise performance in which the “limiting” factors are described almost exclusively in terms of cardiovascular function. But the outstanding feature of effective human exercise performance is the adoption of the optimum pacing strategy that will avoid, not cause, homeostatic failure and profound skeletal muscle failure. Since the VO 2 max test does not evaluate the athlete’s ability to choose and sustain the optimum pace during exercise of different durations, it cannot be the optimum test either to evaluate a subject’s athletic potential or to understand the biological basis of superior athletic performance.
Flexible Residential Test Facility: Impact of Infiltration and Ventilation on Measured Cooling Season Energy and Moisture Levels (2014)

Air infiltration and ventilation in residential buildings is a very large part of the heating loads, but empirical data regarding the impact on space cooling has been lacking. Moreover, there has been little data on how building tightness might relate to building interior moisture levels in homes in a hot and humid climate. To address this need, BA-PIRC has conducted research to assess the moisture and cooling load impacts of airtightness and mechanical ventilation in two identical laboratory homes in the hot-humid climate over the cooling season.
Message from the paediatric sub-committee (2009)

The Southern African HIV Clinicians Society Paediatric Discussion Group (PDG) began in December 2001. The concept was born after Dr (now adjunct Professor) Ashraf Coovadia of the Rahima Moosa Mother and Child Hospital, Coronationville, Johannesburg, sent an e-mail to 5 or 6 local HIV 'experts' and Professor Mark Kline of the Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, seeking advice on how to manage a child with severe disfiguring parotomegaly but who had a normal CD4 count, so antiretroviral therapy (ART) was not indicated. The answer came back that there was no indication for ART for a purely cosmetic condition!
Synthesis and biological efficacy of novel piperazine analogues bearing quinoline and pyridine moieties (2015)

A series of novel piperazine analogues bearing quinolin-8-yloxy-butan--ones/pyridin-2-yloxy-ethanones were synthesized by a simple and convenient approach based on various substituted piperazine incorporating quinoline and pyridine moieties. The analogues were evaluated for in vitro antioxidant activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) and ferrous ion radical scavenging activities and anti-inflammatory activity by inhibition of Vipera russelli venom (PLA2) and gastric K+/H(+)-ATPase activities. Most of the title compounds exhibited promising activity. Best antioxidant and PLA2-inhibiting activities were found for piperazine analogues with phenyl and nitro phenyl groups, whereas methoxy group on phenyl piperazine indicated selectivity for the H+/K(+)-ATPase.
연구논문 : 한국인의 경험생명표 작성 및 통계적 해석 (1997)

본 연구에서는 우리나라 6대 생명보험회사의 모든 남자의 개인보험 계약자를 대상으로 조사한 1988년부터 1992년까지 25,000,000건의 자료를 가중이동평균모형을 이용한 보간법과 곰페르츠모형을 이용한, 보외법을 적용하여 경험 생명표를 작성하였다. 적합성 및 평활성 기준에서 가중이동평균모형의 차분수와 항수, 곰페르츠모형의 모수 및 두 모형이 접촉하는 접점의 연령을 산출하였다. 특히 연립방정식을 이용하여 곰페르츠 모형의 모수를 폐쇄형으로 추정하는 방법을 제안하였다.
A Ripple — Free Gear Pump Using Controlled Leakage (1980)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The major source of all types of noise in hydraulic systems is usually the positive displacement pump. Fluidborne noise (pulsations) produced by the pump are particularly troublesome because almost all system components convert it into airborne noise. The most straightforward means of reducing fluidborne noise is to use a quiet pump.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper reports the development of an external gear pump which utilizes controlled leakage to drastically reduce its flow ripple output. The theoretical basis for the technique is presented, along with an example of pump design using controlled leakage. An experimental evaluation is presented demonstrating the effectiveness of the technique.</div>
QUANTITATIVE SEROLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF A RABBIT ANTI-RAT LYMPHOCYTE SERUM AND PRELIMINARY BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISATION OF THE MAJOR ANTIGEN RECOGNISED (1977)

Rabbit antisera to rat thoracic duct lymphocytes were examined by absorption analysis with quantitative radioimmunoassays to determine the tissue distribution of the antigens recognised and the amount of antibody against different specificities. Seven of eight sera were remarkably specific for leucocytes and one serum was analysed in detail. In this serum about 70 per cent of the antibody was leucocyte specific and most was against determinants on thymocytes, bone marrow cells, peripheral lymphocytes, and macrophages. This specificity is referred to as the leucocyte-common antigen. Smaller amounts of antibody were specific for antigens on peripheral lymphocytes but not thymocytes, and this could be subdivided into two antigens, one present on bone marrow cells and the other not. For preliminary biochemical analysis of the leucocyte-common antigen, thymocyte membrane was solubilized in deoxycholate. The homogeneity and apparent size of the antigen was determined by gel filtration and zone sedimentation on sucrose gradients. The activity behaved as a single component with the following hydrodynamic properties: sedimentation coefficient, 5.9S; partial specific volume, 0.71 ml/g; and Stokes radius, 7.5 nm. The molecular weight (including any bound deoxycholate) was calculated to be 172,000 and the frictional ratio 2.05. All activity bound to a lentil lectin affinity column and was eluted by methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside, suggesting that the antigen is a glycoprotein.
INDUSTRIAL DIVERSIFICATION IN NONMETROPOLITAN COUNTIES AND ITS EFFECT ON ECONOMIC STABILITY (1988)

Applying indexes of economic instability and industrial diversification to Idaho's forty-three nonmetropolitan counties, this paper tests the hypothesis that unemployment is more stable in a more diverse economy. While results support the hypothesis, other aspects of a county's economic structure are just as influential. Indiscriminate diversification will not necessarily bring economic stability.
Understanding hydrotransport: The key to Syncrude's success (2026)

Syncrude has entered a new era involving the use of pipeline slurries to convey oilsand to the Extraction plant. Hydrotransport operations and base plant operations encounter vast performance differences when processing different types of oilsand. This paper describes the hydrotransport process, its history at Syncrude, methods of describing the source ore characteristic and plant performance. The use of this information within Syncrude and how it will be managed on an ongoing basis will also be described.
What makes a Pollock Pollock: a machine vision approach (2015)

Jackson Pollock introduced a revolutionary artistic style of dripping paint on a horizontal canvas. Here we study Pollock's unique artistic style by using computational methods for characterising the low–level numerical differences between original Pollock drip paintings and drip paintings of other painters who attempted to mimic his signature drip painting style. Four thousands and twenty four numerical image content descriptors were extracted from each painting, and compared using weighted nearest neighbour classification such that the Fisher discriminant scores of the content descriptors were used as weights. In 93% of the cases, the computer analysis was able to differentiate between an original and a non–original Pollock drip painting. The most discriminative image content descriptors that were unique to the work of Pollock were the fractal features, but other numerical image content descriptors such as Zernike polynomials, Haralick textures, and Chebyshev statistics show substantial differences between original and non–original Pollock drip paintings. These experiments show that the uniqueness of Pollock's drip painting style is not reflected merely by fractals, but also by other numerical image content descriptors that reflect the visual content. The code and software used for the experiment is publicly available, and can be used to study the work of other artists.
Time (1986)

Girl In however she moves, the nature is uppermost, sunburned skin, hyacinth eyes. And she is a portrait of stance, magnet degree throwback of an appearance giving joy. The girl is beautiful and probably good. You can think it so, in the sylvan, slim half-gestures; arms, limbs and as smooth as bamboo in her unparalleled phases and lack of self-conscious disorientation. She lives on a farm, and of that same species wordless; no need to invent. Walking through wet grass, instep and foot are temperate, yet circumspect of origin; she is history of a blossom. And like wit, the challenge unrivalled by any other glowing raiment flower in the field. —Jane Mayhall MSt. a m Time My butterfly, my butterfly, My pretty swift-winged day. You suck the honey from my lips And then you flit away. How can you go when there is yet So much that's left untasted Of life and love and happiness. Of sweet caress and tenderness. Oh, fickle love, capricious love, That with no warning given Should let me idle by your side As tho you'd stay forever. —Clay Ellis High ...
On Key Relations in Opera (1979)

Research Article| July 01 1979 On Key Relations in Opera Guy A. Marco; Guy A. Marco Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Siegmund Levarie Siegmund Levarie Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar 19th-Century Music (1979) 3 (1): 83–89. https://doi.org/10.2307/3519825 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Guy A. Marco, Siegmund Levarie; On Key Relations in Opera. 19th-Century Music 1 July 1979; 3 (1): 83–89. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/3519825 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All Content19th-Century Music Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 1979 The Regents of the University of California Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Appetitive and Aversive Olfactory Learning in Humans Studied Using Event-Related Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2002)

We combined event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with olfactory classical conditioning to differentiate the neural responses evoked during appetitive and aversive olfactory learning. Three neutral faces [the conditioned stimuli (CS+)] were repetitively paired with pleasant, neutral, or unpleasant odors [the unconditioned stimuli (UCS)] in a partial reinforcement schedule. A fourth face was never paired to odor [the nonconditioned stimulus (CS-)]. Learning-related neural activity, comparing unpaired (face only) CS+ stimuli with CS-, showed valence-independent activations in rostral and caudal orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). Medial OFC responded to the appetitive (app) CS+, whereas lateral OFC responded to the aversive (av) CS+. Within nucleus accumbens, neural responses showed divergent activation profiles that increased with time in response to the appCS+ but decreased in response to the avCS+. In posterior amygdala, responses were elicited by the appCS+, which habituated over time. In temporal piriform cortex, neural responses were evoked by the avCS+, which progressively increased with time. These results highlight regional and temporal dissociations during olfactory learning and imply that emotionally salient odors can engender cross-modal associative learning. Moreover, the findings suggest that the role of human primary (piriform) and secondary olfactory cortices transcends their function as mere intermediaries of chemosensory information processing.
A research agenda for assessing the utility of document annotations in multimedia databases of meeting recordings. (2003)

The recording, multimodal analysis and archiving of meetings introduce new challenges for research in multimedia information management. Meetings involve multiple media that can be aligned together. This requires a global annotation framework. In particular, meetings often deal with documents, either projected or discussed, which can be aligned with the audio and video streams. This article presents a research agenda for bridging the gap between documents, several types of annotations of documents, and multimodal annotations of audio and video streams. It also presents the task of authoring meeting minutes as a means to evaluate multimodal annotations and the alignment of documents with other media. 1.
Syndromic Surveillance and Bioterrorism-related Epidemics (2003)

To facilitate rapid detection of a future bioterrorist attack, an increasing number of public health departments are investing in new surveillance systems that target the early manifestations of bioterrorism-related disease. Whether this approach is likely to detect an epidemic sooner than reporting by alert clinicians remains unknown. The detection of a bioterrorism-related epidemic will depend on population characteristics, availability and use of health services, the nature of an attack, epidemiologic features of individual diseases, surveillance methods, and the capacity of health departments to respond to alerts. Predicting how these factors will combine in a bioterrorism attack may be impossible. Nevertheless, understanding their likely effect on epidemic detection should help define the usefulness of syndromic surveillance and identify approaches to increasing the likelihood that clinicians recognize and report an epidemic.
Superconducting coplanar waveguide resonators for detector applications (2007)

The use of a transmission line resonator offers the possibility for different sensor readout methods, e.g. flux qubit and kinetic inductance detectors. Both cases require a high quality factor, QL, of the cavity circuit to detect small deviations in the resonance frequency.
Long‐Term Course of Childhood Epilepsy with Intractable Grand Mal Seizures (1992)

Twenty-nine children with childhood epilepsy characterized by frequent grand mal (generalized tonic-clonic) seizures in spite of maximal doses of antiepileptic drugs and by an early onset of seizures (before 1 year of age) were followed up for more than 5 years. The children were divided into 3 groups: severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy (SME), no SME, and intractable childhood epilepsy with generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTC). In all the 3 groups, the grand mal seizures persisted, whereas the other types of seizures tended to disappear as the patients aged, and the prognosis for mental development was poor. In the majority of cases in all the 3 groups, the waking grand mal seizures altered to sleep grand mal seizures with aging. Two pairs of monozygotic twins with SME suggested that genetic factors play a role in this epileptic syndrome. Intractable childhood epilepsy with GTC is distinguished by the absence of other types of generalized seizures. It cannot be regarded as an epileptic syndrome, but its pathogenesis and treatment require further studies.