gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The deamination of pyranose amines. Part I. Equatorial amines (1971)

The deamination of methyl 4-amino-4-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranoside with nitrous acid gives methyl α-D-glucopyranoside (major product), methyl β-L-altrofuranoside, 4,5-anhydro-D-galactose, and methyl 3-deoxy-3-formyl-α-D-xylofuranoside. Deamination of 2-amino-1,5-anhydro-2-deoxy-D-glucitol gives 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol as the major product. Participation of the ring oxygen atom dominates the reactions of these and related compounds, in which the equatorial amino group is at C-2 or C-4.
SDR-based gateway for IoT and M2M applications (2018)

Affordable low-power, short-range terrestrial communications are the current enabler for Internet of Things (IoT) and Machine to Machine (M2M) applications. Their main drawback resides in the need of a gateway that enables them to communicate with the world. Satellite gateways have become in the recent years more affordable, but nevertheless, the combined equipment and access costs are still prohibitive for large scale deployments of satellite applications. The goal of this paper is to describe a fully functional prototype for a low-cost satellite gateway based on an embedded Software Defined Radio (SDR) platform. The developed prototype, implemented as a standalone RF platform, will be able to route data between the satellite and M2M/IoT applications, covering on the terrestrial side the most common shortrange wireless protocols and standards (802.11b/g/n, ZigBee, BLE, etc.). The satellite link will be assured by adapting typical lightweight uplink and downlink protocols, already implemented and tested. This paper is focused on the terrestrial side implementation and experimental results.
Synthesis, characterization, rheological and thermal behavior of metallocene ethylene − norbornene copolymers with low norbornene content using pentafluorophenol modified methylaluminoxane (2015)

Abstract Ethylene − norbornene copolymers were synthesized using rac ‐ethylene bis(indenyl) zirconium dichloride/pentafluorophenol modified methylaluminoxane. First, the effect of using a modifier in combination with a low ratio of Al/Zr on the catalyst activity and co‐monomer incorporation was studied. The results of copolymerization reveal a 20% co‐monomer incorporation improvement and a rise of activity by 2‐fold in the presence of the modifier. Rheological measurements show a higher molecular weight in copolymers synthesized using modified methylaluminoxane. The alternative and dyad block microstructures of copolymers become possible in the case of a norbornene content of more than 14 mol%. Second, the effect of co‐monomer content on the rheological and thermal behavior of the synthesized copolymers was investigated. The results of the rheological study indicate a lower molecular weight in samples containing a higher norbornene content. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis confirms the influence of different microstructures on the glass transition temperature. The crystal structure of copolymers having a higher molecular weight is emphasized using wide angle X‐ray scattering and DSC even with a greater incorporation of norbornene. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Britain and the Sultan of Muscat and Oman and dependencies, 1958–59 (1993)

(1993). Britain and the Sultan of Muscat and Oman and dependencies, 1958–59. Diplomacy & Statecraft: Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 90-102.
Visible-Light Photoredox Difluoromethylation of Phenols and Thiophenols with Commercially Available Difluorobromoacetic Acid (2017)

A simple and efficient visible-light photoredox one-pot method for difluoromethylation of phenols and thiophenols has been developed. The protocol uses commercially available, inexpensive, and easy handling difluorobromoacetic acid as the difluoromethylating agent, and the diverse O- and S-difluoromethylated products were prepared in good yields with tolerance of many functional groups.
Torque Improvement of Dual Three-Phase Permanent-Magnet Machine With Third-Harmonic Current Injection (2015)

This paper presents dual three-phase permanent magnet (PM) machines utilizing third-harmonic back electromotive force (EMF) and current to improve the output torque, but the torque ripple remains almost similar. The feasibility and practical issues of dual three-phase machines with third-harmonic EMF and current are first discussed, and the output torque is analytically derived. Furthermore, the optimal value of the third harmonic injected into a current waveform for maximum torque improvement is also analytically derived and validated by finite-element analysis (FEA) with the consideration of the constraints of both the peak and root-mean-square currents. For feasible dual three-phase PM machines, torque characteristics, including the average torque and the torque ripple, are compared without and with third-order harmonic injection. It is found that, for a dual three-phase machine without third-harmonic back EMF, the optimal third harmonic into the current is 1/6 of the fundamental current, and the average torque with the current having the optimal third harmonic injected can be improved by 15%. However, for the dual three-phase PM machines with third-harmonic back EMF, the optimal third harmonic into the current is dependent on the ratio of the third-harmonic back EMF to the fundamental back EMF, and the interaction of the third-harmonic current and the third-harmonic EMF results in the further improvement of the output torque. Finally, the experiments on a prototype are given to verify both the analytical and FEA methods.
<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>′,<i>N</i>′-Tetramethylazodicarboxamide (TMAD), A New Versatile Reagent for Mitsunobu Reaction. Its Application to Synthesis of Secondary Amines (1994)

Abstract N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethylazodicarboxamide, TMAD, was found to be more versatile in the Mitsunobu reaction than traditional diethyl azodicarboxylate or recently developed 1,1′-(azodicarbonyl)dipiperidine, when used in combination with tributylphosphine in benzene. The usefulness of the reagent was demonstrated by the highly efficient two-step synthesis of benzylcrotylamine from N-benzyltrifluoroacetamide.
Paleolimnology of Lake Garda (2011)

Lake Garda is the largest Italian lake. The deep basin is relatively little impacted by human activities and is suitable for environmental reconstructions, including effects of climate change. In contrast, the shallow basin (81 m) is strongly affected by human activities and is for this reason more suitable for studying eutrophication. Beside being a studiy site of Eulakes Project, it ia also investigated in my PhD. The main aim of the study is reconstruct the long-term ecological lake conditions in relation to human impact and climate change based on sedimentary diatom and cladocera remains, and sediment geochemistry. The reconstructions will be validated through combination of monitoring data and paleolimnological data recorded during the last two decades. Additional investigation will regard the X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analyses for trace metal concentrations and the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIRS). for biogeochemical sediment properties. Determining the historical status of the lake, in particular before severe human impact during the 20th century, is also of crucial importance for future lake management. Furthermore, the paleolimnological data will also build the basis to evaluate the vulnerability of Lake Garda in the context of climate change and increasing human impact (e.g., hydroelectrical exploitation). Objective, methods and preliminary results will be presented.
Pushing nuclear plants to their design power ratings (1993)

Historically, nuclear powerplants have been licensed to operate at power levels conservatively below those used as their design basis. Stretch margins - the difference between design rating and licensed power level - vary from plant to plant. Margins for early boiling-water reactors (BWRs), for example, were 10 to 20%; for later models, 5%. Practiced routinely on BWRs in the 1960s and 1970s, power uprating fell off in the past two decades because of reduced electrical demand and an excess of installed capacity. However, today's economic climate has sparked renewed interest in uprating nuclear units. Currently pending before the Nuclear Regulatory Commission are uprate applications for six BWR generating units, including Units 1 and 2 of Pennsylvania Power and Light Co's (PP and L). Susquehanna steam/electric station. To assess the impact on operation of each plant system, PP and L and General Electric Co. (GE) conducted a feasibility study aimed at identifying specific modifications that would be required at Susquehanna to support the uprate, and at determining the engineering analyses needed for the relicensing. Additional goals of the study were accurate quantification of the generation gain, cost estimation to implement the uprate, and a cost/benefit analysis. This article reviews the considerationsmore » involved in up rating Susquehanna nuclear plant.« less
Towards the realization of an artificial tactile system: fine-form discrimination by a tensorial tactile sensor array and neural inversion algorithms (1995)

This paper describes techniques and methodologies so far developed to investigate object fine-form discrimination by means of artificial tactile sensors. Sensor arrays, selectively sensitive to stress-tensor components and based on piezoelectric polymer technology, have been realized. Sensor output data are used to solve inverse elastic contact problems, by means of neural networks suitably trained to learn regularized inverse maps. Two possible neural network designs are considered: one is based on the multilayer perceptron trained with the standard backpropagation algorithm, and the other is based on the use of radial basis functions. In both cases, reconstruction of object shapes is demonstrated to be effective and robust with both simulated and real data.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Synthesis of dinitroaniline as plant growth regulators and for identification of amines (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of dinitroaniline as plant growth regulators and for identification of aminesRandall C. Hall and Choo-Seng GiamCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1972, 20, 3, 546–552Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60181a010https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60181a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views172Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ECONOMIC GROWTH OF INDONESIA: LARGE DOMESTIC DEMAND BUT STILL EXPORT-LED (2012)

Trade policies nowadays must take into account that economies are now more open. This paper uses vector autoregression (VAR) model to assess whether the economic growth of Indonesia is export-led. Estimation results suggest that Indonesian economic growth has been stimulated by export performance, although domestic demand has contributed significantly. Indeed, our research indicates that exports also play a significant role in affecting variation in domestic demand, and thus suggests the importance for Indonesia of being more competitive in international trade to maintain economic growth. Keywords: International trade, Economic growth
Summarization Techniques at DUC 2004 (2004)

This paper presents the summarization techniques implemented by the University of Lethbridge summarizer in order to generate very short summary (¢ £ 75 bytes) and short summary (¢ £ 665 bytes) from single and multiple documents. We present these techniques in the context of DUC 2004.
Effects of Hexosamine Derivatives and Uronic Acid Derivatives on Glycosaminoglycane Metabolism of Fibroblast Cultures (1971)

The influence of glucosamine, galactosamine, glucuronic acid and of some derivatives of these compounds on mucopolysaccharide metabolism and on protein metabolism of primary fibroblast monolayer cultures was studied. Glucosamine, glucosamine · HC1, glucosamine · HJ and glucosamine sulfate (in concentrations of 100 µg/ml each) caused a considerable, statistically highly significant increase of the secretion of mucopolysaccharides by the fibroblasts. N-Acetylglucosamine and N-acetylgalactosamine were effective too, though to a lesser degree. Glucuronic acid was without any influence on mucopolysaccharide production. The protein content of the cultures was not affected by the 7 compounds mentioned so far in concentrations of up to 100 µg/ml. Galactosamine and betaineglucuronate induced a certain depression of a mucopolysaccharide production and simultaneously a decrease of the cellular protein content.
Molecularly targeted therapies for acute myeloid leukemia (2015)

The past 15 years have seen major leaps in our understanding of the molecular genetic mutations that act as drivers of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Clinical trials of agents against specific mutant proteins, such as FLT3-internal tandem duplications (ITDs) and isocitrate dehydrogenase mutations (IDHs) are ongoing. This review discusses agents in clinical trials that target specific gene mutations and/or epigenetic targets.
Tacrine and donepezil attenuate the neurotoxic effect of Aβ(25-35) in rat PC12 cells (1998)

The effect of the cholinesterase inhibitors tacrine and donepezil on A beta(25-35)-induced toxicity was investigated in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells by measuring the mitochondrial activity. Tacrine and donepezil was found in clinical relevant concentrations (10(-7)-10(-6) M) to attenuate A beta(25-35)-induced toxicity in PC12 cells. The neuroprotective effect of tacrine was blocked in the presence of the nicotinic antagonists mecamylamine (10(-5) M) and tubocurarine (10(-5) M), suggesting an interaction via nicotinic receptors. This study demonstrates that tacrine and donepezil can exert neuroprotective properties which might be of importance and contribute to the clinical efficacy of cholinesterase inhibitors in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Carbon Nanotube Photoelectronic and Photovoltaic Devices and their Applications in Infrared Detection (2013)

Semiconducting carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are direct bandgap materials with outstanding electronic and optoelectronic properties and have been investigated for various electronic and optoelectronic device applications, such as light-emitting diodes, photodetectors and photovoltaic cells. Here, a brief review of the various types of CNT diodes is presented, with a focus on one particular type of CNT diodes fabricated via a doping-free process. Their application for constructing high-performance optoelectronic and photovoltaic devices is also discussed, as well as the newly discovered photovoltage multiplication effect in CNTs and its application in improving the efficiency of CNT-based infrared detector.
Adjuvants and delivery systems for antifungal vaccines: Current state and future developments (2014)

Mycoses are gaining increasing attention in modern medicine because of the increase in diseases associated with opportunistic fungal infections. Despite the recognized role of the immune system in the control of fungal infections, no antifungal vaccines are currently licensed for use in humans. However, numerous vaccine candidates are being developed in many laboratories, as proof of the renewed interest in integrating or replacing chemotherapy with vaccines to reduce antibiotic use and consequently limit drug resistance and toxicity. In the effort to use safer and simpler fungal antigens for vaccinations, adjuvants have become relevant as immunostimulators to elicit successful protective immune responses. To address the relevant role of adjuvants as determinants in the balance of vaccine efficacy and safety, an updated and critical review of the adjuvants used in preclinical antifungal vaccines is presented, and prospective trends are addressed. Selected recent papers and other historically relevant and innovative strategies using adjuvants in experimental fungal vaccines are highlighted.
BHNN: A memory-efficient accelerator for compressing deep neural networks with blocked hashing techniques (2017)

In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm for compressing neural networks to reduce the memory requirements by using blocked hashing techniques. By adding blocked constraints on top of the conventional hashing technique, the test error rate is maintained while the spatial locality for the computations is preserved. Using this scheme, the synaptic connections are compressed by at least an order (10×) compared with the plain neural network with virtually no prediction accuracy loss. Compared with other compression techniques, the proposed algorithm achieves the best performance in the heavy compression regions. The blocked hashing techniques are also hardware friendly, of which the memory hierarchy of the hardware architecture can be efficiently implemented. To demonstrate the hardware efficiency, we implement the hardware architecture of the deep neural networks using the proposed blocked hashing techniques on a Xilinx Virtex-7 FPGA board. With a hardware parallelism of 32, the accelerator achieves a speed-up of 22× over the CPU, and 3~5× over the GPU in the inference phase.
An evaluation of the Lempel-Ziv-Welch data compression algorithm (2003)

The Lempel-Ziv-Welch (LZW) data compression algorithm is evaluated for use in the removal of the redundancy in computer files. The Ziv-Lempel algorithm and related algorithms are compared with respect to encoding and decoding speed, memory requirements, and compression ratio. Although the LZW algorithm is optimized for hardware implementation, the possibility of implementing it in software is considered. The most important parameter, the compression ratio, was found to be similar to or better than that of other Ziv-Lempel compression techniques, whereas coding speed and memory requirements depended on the programming techniques used.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Biodegradable MnO<sub>2</sub> Nanosheet-Mediated Signal Amplification in Living Cells Enables Sensitive Detection of Down-Regulated Intracellular MicroRNA (2017)

The monitoring of intracellular microRNAs plays important roles in elucidating the biological function and biogenesis of miRNAs in living cells. However, because of their sequence similarity, low abundance, and small size, it is a great challenge to detect intracellular miRNAs, especially for those with much lower expression levels. To address this issue, we have developed an in cell signal amplification approach for monitoring down-regulated miRNAs in living cells based on biodegradable MnO<sub>2</sub> nanosheet-mediated and target-triggered assembly of hairpins. The MnO<sub>2</sub> nanosheets can adsorb and exhibit an excellent quenching effect to the dye labeled hairpin probes. Besides, due to their biodegradability, the MnO<sub>2</sub> nanosheets feature highly reduced cytotoxicity to the target cells. Upon entering cells, the surface-adsorbed FAM- and Tamra (TMR)-conjugated hairpins can be released due to the displacement reactions by other proteins or nucleic acids and the degradation of the MnO<sub>2</sub> nanosheets by cellular GSH. Subsequently, the down-regulated target miRNA-21 triggers cascaded assembly of the two hairpins into long dsDNA polymers, which brings the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) pair, FAM (donor), and TMR (acceptor) into close proximity to generate significantly enhanced FRET signals for detecting trace miRNA-21 in living cells. By carefully tailoring the sequences of the hairpins, the developed method can offer new opportunities for monitoring various trace intracellular miRNA targets with low expression levels in living cells.
Photolysis of .alpha.-diazo ketones in the gas phase monitored by Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotolysis of .alpha.-diazo ketones in the gas phase monitored by Fourier-transform infrared spectrometryClaude Marfisi, Patrick Verlaque, Gisele Davidovics, Jean Pourcin, Louis Pizzala, Jean Pierre Aycard, and Hubert BodotCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 4, 533–537Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00152a023https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00152a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views91Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts