gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of ozone assisted deposition on the dielectric properties of 90° off-axis radio frequency magnetron sputtered SrTiO3 (2001)

The low and high frequency dielectric properties of epitaxial SrTiO3 (STO) thin films deposited on LaAlO3 are presented. The effects of in situ ozone annealing during the early stages of deposition were explored. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the ozone treatment resulted in more symmetric and sharper diffraction peaks. In addition, the peaks for the ozone treated samples were shifted in 2θ towards values approaching the bulk. The dielectric constant of the ozone treated samples increased from 275 at room temperature to 1175 at 22 K (measured at 100 kHz). The effective loss tangent of the device remained between 1×10−4 and 1×10−3 down to 100 K, where it began to increase. These properties were far superior to those films deposited without ozone. For high frequency measurements, coplanar waveguide structures with a centerline width of 20 and 40 μm wide gaps were patterned into YBa2Cu3O7 films deposited on top of the 0.5 μm thick STO. For the ozone treated films, Q values of up to 70% greater were achieved at 4 GHz and 75 K with little effect on the frequency modulation (compared to films deposited without ozone).
Stamen Abscission Zone Transcriptome Profiling Reveals New Candidates for Abscission Control: Enhanced Retention of Floral Organs in Transgenic Plants Overexpressing Arabidopsis<i>ZINC FINGER PROTEIN2</i>        (2008)

Organ detachment requires cell separation within abscission zones (AZs). Physiological studies have established that ethylene and auxin contribute to cell separation control. Genetic analyses of abscission mutants have defined ethylene-independent detachment regulators. Functional genomic strategies leading to global understandings of abscission have awaited methods for isolating AZ cells of low abundance and very small size. Here, we couple laser capture microdissection of Arabidopsis thaliana stamen AZs and GeneChip profiling to reveal the AZ transcriptome responding to a developmental shedding cue. Analyses focus on 551 AZ genes (AZ(551)) regulated at the highest statistical significance (P < or = 0.0001) over five floral stages linking prepollination to stamen shed. AZ(551) includes mediators of ethylene and auxin signaling as well as receptor-like kinases and extracellular ligands thought to act independent of ethylene. We hypothesized that novel abscission regulators might reside in disproportionately represented Gene Ontology Consortium functional categories for cell wall modifying proteins, extracellular regulators, and nuclear-residing transcription factors. Promoter-beta-glucuronidase expression of one transcription factor candidate, ZINC FINGER PROTEIN2 (AtZFP2), was elevated in stamen, petal, and sepal AZs. Flower parts of transgenic lines overexpressing AtZFP2 exhibited asynchronous and delayed abscission. Abscission defects were accompanied by altered floral morphology limiting pollination and fertility. Hand-pollination restored transgenic fruit development but not the rapid abscission seen in wild-type plants, demonstrating that pollination does not assure normal rates of detachment. In wild-type stamen AZs, AtZFP2 is significantly up-regulated postanthesis. Phenotype data from transgene overexpression studies suggest that AtZFP2 participates in processes that directly or indirectly influence organ shed.
The origin and characteristics of the Algerian Current (1990)

Satellite and ship data collected between May 1 and 22, 1986, show that the Algerian Current originates in the Almeria‐Oran Front and remains within 30 km of the Algerian coast for over 300 km, between Oran and Algiers. The differences between the water masses of the current and the resident regional waters are clearly observed in the chlorophyll concentrations and optical characteristics, thus permitting the resulting patterns to be used as tracers of the circulation. During this field period, the Algerian Current begins as an extension of the Almeria‐Oran Front, which is found at the western periphery of the Eastern Alboran Gyre. This major oceanographic salinity front (Δ S > 1/km) delineates the boundary of the Algerian Current, which has average surface velocities of 40 cm/s and maximum speeds reaching 80 cm/s. The current, which has a volume transport between 0.4 and 0.5 Sv, is confined to the upper 150 m and is in geostrophic balance. A sequence of coastal zone color scanner (CZCS) and advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) satellite imagery showing the rapidly evolving surface circulation features is augmented with in situ ship data of current and water mass characteristics. Rapid undulations and frontal movements of the current were observed during the study period; however, the flow remained unbroken between 1° and 3°E. Current instability increased eastward as the undulations were sharper and the current appeared to depart from the coast near Algiers.
Connectomics and epilepsy (2013)

An understanding of the fundamental mechanisms underlying the development of epilepsy and the generation of epileptic seizures will require delineation of the aberrant functional and structural connections of the whole brain. The field of connectomics now provides approaches to accomplish this.
Efficient Solid‐Phase Synthesis of pppRNA by Using Product‐Specific Labeling (2014)

Abstract A novel solid‐phase synthesis and purification strategy for 5′‐triphosphate oligonucleotides by using lipophilic tagging of the triphosphate moiety is reported. This is based on triphosphate synthesis with 5′‐O‐cyclotriphosphate intermediates, whereby a lipophilic tag, such as decylamine, is introduced during the ring‐opening reaction to give a linear gamma‐phosphate‐tagged species. This method enables the highly efficient synthesis of 5′‐triphosphorylated RNA derivatives and their gamma‐phosphate‐substituted analogues and will especially facilitate the advancement of therapeutic approaches that make use of 5′‐triphosphate oligonucleotides as potent activators of the cytosolic immune sensor RIG‐I.
Homology Modeling and Simulations of Nuclease Structures (2003)

As discussed in other chapters in this book (see especially Chapters 6 , 7 , 9 , 23 , and 24 ), many nucleases were first identified as such by their sequence identity to known nucleases. Several of these were isolated because they exhibited a seemingly unrelated activity (protein kinase, angiogenesis, eosinophil activation, tumor-cell growth inhibition). Multiple-sequence alignments of many proteins in a family can reveal a consistently occurring pattern which is not easily detected by pairwise alignments (1,2). Even proteins with extremely low overall sequence identity (such as human angiogenin) to the pancreatic RNase (ribonuclease) sequences can be recognized by a pattern of highly conserved amino acids in a multiple-sequence alignment (3). The sequence of six RNases (RNase A and two mutants thereof, bovine seminal RNase, angiogenin, and onconase) from those whose structures are available in the Protein Data Bank (PDB) (4) are aligned in Fig. 1. The “RNase mask” (asterisks in Fig. 1.) for this sequence family consists of <20 absolutely conserved residues, most of which are involved in disulfide linkages or catalysis. The largest block of identity in the series is CKXXNTF. Because insertions and deletions alter the distance between other conserved residues throughout the alignment, the mask, although useful for classifying members of the family, cannot be used to search sequences for new RNase homologs in a straightforward way.
(Invited) High Quality 3C-SiC for MOS Applications (2011)

In this work, the growth of high quality 3C-SiC films on Si substrates grown by a hot-wall chemical vapor deposition (CVD) reactor is presented. An increased crystal quality means a reduced crystallographic defect density affecting 3C-SiC films which can be achieved by reducing the growth rate during 3C-SiC heteroepitaxy. In particular, the micro-twin density was observed to decrease with decreasing growth rate allowing for the reduction of theboth the rocking curve and transverse optical Raman mode peak width. Si substrates, both of on- and off-axis orientation, are considered with improvement in crystal quality observed when off-axis substrates are used. Finally, stacking faults and microtwins at the SiC/SiO2 interface are seen to cause non-uniformity in the oxide layer due to the different oxidation rate observed.
ChemInform Abstract: An Expeditious Route to 7α‐Substituted Estradiol Derivatives. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A wearable assistive device for the blind using tongue-placed electrotactile display: Design and verification (2013)

Various assistive devices have been developed intensively in order to help and guide blind people. Thanks to the experimental paradigm of sensory substitution, the blind people are able to “sense” the environment by one of these devices which are called Tongue-Placed Electrotactile Display (TED). It plays a key role as a man-machine interface that brings the environment information to the brain in place of the deceased sense organ. In this paper, a proposed design of the TED which is located within the human mouth is introduced. Then the performance of the TED is validated via tests with ordinary people at the safety intensity of electrical voltage and current. The results show that such device can totally function inside the mouth and can be a potential wearable aid device. This research shows a promise of a new prosthetic which may result in the improvement in the living quality for the disabled community.
MLEM algorithm adaptation for improved SPECT scintimammography (2005)

Standard MLEM and OSEM algorithms used in SPECT Tc-99m sestamibi scintimammography produce hot-spot artifacts (HSA) at the image support peripheries. We investigated a suitable adaptation of MLEM and OSEM algorithms needed to reduce HSA. Patients with suspicious breast lesions were administered 10 mCi of Tc-99m sestamibi and SPECT scans were acquired for patients in prone position with uncompressed breasts. In addition, to simulate breast lesions, some patients were imaged with a number of breast skin markers each containing 1 μCi of Tc-99m. In order to reduce HSA in reconstruction, we removed from the backprojection step the rays that traverse the periphery of the support region on the way to a detector bin, when their path length through this region was shorter than some critical length. Such very short paths result in a very low projection counts contributed to the detector bin, and consequently to overestimation of the activity in the peripheral voxels in the backprojection step -- thus creating HSA. We analyzed the breast-lesion contrast and suppression of HSA in the images reconstructed using standard and modified MLEM and OSEM algorithms vs. critical path length (CPL). For CPL ≥ 0.01 pixel size, we observed improved breast-lesion contrast and lower noise in the reconstructed images, and a very significant reduction of HSA in the maximum intensity projection (MIP) images.
Population‐based study of screening test performance indices of three human papillomavirus DNA tests (2007)

In order to evaluate three common human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA tests for key performance indices in population-based cervical screening, we sampled 12,527 women aged 32-38 years who attended invitational, population-based screening and followed them for 4 years with comprehensive registry linkages. Three different HPV DNA tests (GP5+/6+ general primer PCR (using either AmpliTaq or AmpliTaq Gold DNA polymerase), Amplicor PCR and Hybrid Capture II were evaluated using baseline samples from women who on follow-up developed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CINII+) (n = 197) as well as a representative subsample of the women in the cohort (n = 794). The population-based HPV prevalence, sensitivity for future cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CINII+), and absolute risk of CINII+ was 7.1%, 87.1%, and 23.2% for AmpliTaq GP5+/6+ PCR, 11.9%, 88.9%, and 11.0% for AmpliTaq Gold GP5+/6+ PCR, 15.7%, 93.4%, and 9.8% for Amplicor, 10.0%, 92.9%, and 15.3% for Amplicor with raised cut-off, and 7.8%, 79.7%, and 16.9% for Hybrid Capture II. In conclusion, AmpliTaq GP5+/6+ PCR and Amplicor with raised cut-off value have adequate performance indices for primary screening.
Proteome analysis of <b><i>Schizosaccharomyces pombe</i></b> by two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry (2006)

The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe (S. pombe) is a unicellular eukaryote and contains many genes and regulatory mechanisms that are close to those of mammals. In this study, we performed a global proteomic analysis of the fission yeast S. pombe wild type h(-S) L 972 proteome. More than 1,500 protein spots were visualized on silver stained 2-D gels in the 3-10 pI range with a high resolution and high reproducibility. Protein identification was carried out by MALDI-TOF-MS and/or nanoLC-MS/MS. Advantage of the complementarity of these two MS approaches was used to enhance the identification quality. So far, 364 proteins (representing 157 different proteins) have been identified. We report here the identification of 117 new proteins on our 2-D reference map of this yeast compared to the first reference map. Of these identified proteins, 40.1% were involved in metabolism. The present work provides a very useful tool for all studies relying on S. pombe as a model organism and is a considerable complement to the first reference map of S. pombe published recently by Sun and coworkers (Sun, N., Jang, J., Lee, S., Kim, S. et al.., Proteomics 2005, 5, 1574-1579).
SHNE (2019)

Representation learning in heterogeneous networks faces challenges due to heterogeneous structural information of multiple types of nodes and relations, and also due to the unstructured attribute or content (e.g., text) associated with some types of nodes. While many recent works have studied homogeneous, heterogeneous, and attributed networks embedding, there are few works that have collectively solved these challenges in heterogeneous networks. In this paper, we address them by developing a Semantic-aware Heterogeneous Network Embedding model (SHNE). SHNE performs joint optimization of heterogeneous SkipGram and deep semantic encoding for capturing both heterogeneous structural closeness and unstructured semantic relations among all nodes, as function of node content, that exist in the network. Extensive experiments demonstrate that SHNE outperforms state-of-the-art baselines in various heterogeneous network mining tasks, such as link prediction, document retrieval, node recommendation, relevance search, and class visualization.
Vocal tract area functions from two point acoustic measurements with formant frequency constraints (1984)

A formulation is presented by which the cross-sectional areas of the vocal tract can be computed from the pressure spectrum. The pressure spectrum is the magnitude squared of the transfer function relating acoustic pressure at the glottis to pressure measured in the acoustic radiation field beyond the lips. Two correction parameters are determined using an iterative procedure. One parameter relates to the absolute scaling of the vocal tract areas; the other parameter is the area of the vocal tract at its driving point. This formulation is not robust when applied to a vocal tract with wall losses. The problem results from the effect of wall losses on the amplitudes of pressure spectrum peaks. A correction factor is applied which constrains the formant frequencies of the estimated vocal tract shape to match observed formant frequencies. This correction factor is obtained by a noniterative procedure. The resulting area function estimation procedure is applied to acoustic data computed from the Fant area functions. The area function estimates show the procedure to be robust in the case of lossy vocal tract walls and a free space radiation load.
Dynamic Range Expansion using a CMD Imager. (2000)

Charge-modulation-device (CMD) image sensors feature non-destructive readout and high-speed operation. By using the source-reset method in the CMD reset operations, it is possible to control the reset of the pixel-accumulated charge from outside the sensor. Making use of these features, we propose a subject-adaptive-type wide-dynamic-range imaging system that increases the dynamic range of the CMD by activating the electronic shutter only for areas having strong incident light. This prevents the sensor from becoming saturated. The advantage of this system is that there is no need to modify the conventional CMD structure to increase the dynamic range-only a simple circuit need be added outside the sensor. Experiment on this system was performed using such CMDs as line and two-dimensional sensors, and the dynamic range was increased twice as much.
Generalized Sylvester-type Hadamard matrices (2002)

In this paper, we generalize Sylvester's construction for (generalized) Hadamard matrices in such a way that m matrices B/sub 1/, B/sub 2/, ..., B/sub m/ (not necessarily distinct) of the same size k and a matrix C of size m are used as components to construct a (generalized) Hadamard matrix of size mk.
A General Digit-Serial Architecture for Montgomery Modular Multiplication (2017)

The Montgomery algorithm is a fast modular multiplication method frequently used in cryptographic applications. This paper investigates the digit-serial implementations of the Montgomery algorithm for large integers. A detailed analysis is given and a tight upper bound is presented for the intermediate results obtained during the digit-serial computation. Based on this analysis, an efficient digit-serial Montgomery modular multiplier architecture using carry save adders is proposed and its complexity is presented. In this architecture, pipelined carry select adders are used to perform two final tasks: adding carry save vectors representing the modular product and subtracting the modulus from this addition, if further reduction is needed. The proposed architecture can be designed for any digit size δ and modulus θ. This paper also presents logic formulas for the bits of the precomputation -θ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> mod 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">δ</sup> used in the Montgomery algorithm for δ ≤ 8. Finally, evaluation of the proposed architecture on Virtex 7 FPGAs is presented.
Recent developments in indole ring synthesis—methodology and applications (2000)

Covering: 1994–1999. Previous review: Contemp. Org. Synth., 1994, 1, 145.
4-Chloro-<i>N</i>-(4-cyano-2-nitrophenyl)-3-nitrobenzamide (2000)

The structure of the title compound, C14H7ClN4O5, comprises two nearly coplanar phenyl rings connected via an amido moiety.
Enhancing HER2/neu Specific T-cell Therapy by Targeting the Tumor Endothelium (41.11) (2009)

Abstract Success of adoptive T cell therapy for cancer can be hindered by the tumor stroma, which consists of factors that not only promote tumor growth but also prevent egress of tumor-specific T cells into the tumor parenchyma. We recently demonstrated that T cell transit through tumor vasculature is regulated by the endothelin B receptor (ETBR). In addition, the endothelin axis plays a major role in tumor cell growth, apoptosis, angiogenesis and metastasis. The purpose of this study was to determine if, in breast cancer, targeting endothelin-1 via ETBR blockade might abrogate the endothelial barrier and increase T cell homing to tumors, thereby augmenting the efficacy of HER2/neu antigen specific Type 1 helper (Th1) cell therapy of spontaneous HER2/neu+ mammary tumors. By reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC), we found overexpression of ETBR in peritumoral stroma of spontaneous mammary tumors derived from HER2/neu transgenic mice. We treated tumor-bearing mice with HER2/neu specific T cells alone or HER2/neu specific T cells + BQ-788, a specific ETBR inhibitor peptide. The addition decreased tumor growth by 84%. Thus, in this model of HER2/neu mediated breast cancer, targeting the tumor endothelium can significantly enhance the clinical efficacy of HER2/neu specific Th1 cells. Studies are underway to evaluate the biological mechanisms induced by endothelin targeting that cooperate with T cell therapy in the resulting significant success of the combined treatment. The data provide a rationale for combining tumor antigen specific T cell therapy with endothelin blockade to induce an effective anti tumor response in breast cancer.
<title>A Dynamic Error Concealment for Video Transmission over Noisy Channels</title> (2002)

A dynamic mode-weighted error concealment method is proposed for video packets transmitted over noisy channels in this work. We first introduce two error concealment approaches. One is to reconstruct lost pixels by interpolating candidate pixels indicated by neighboring motion vectors. The other is to estimate the motion vector by a side matching algorithm. Four corrupted block reconstruction modes are described based on the two error concealment approaches. Then, the value of an erroneous pixel is replaced by a weighted sum of those reconstructed by two modes. The property of the weighted sum is analyzed. It is shown that the optimal weighting coefficients can be expressed as a formula in terms of the error variance and the correlation coefficients associated with the reconstruction modes. Furthermore, based on the decoder-based error tracking model, these weighting coefficients are dynamically updated to minimize the instant propagation and concealment error variance. Extensive simulations are provided to demonstrate that the proposed method can lead to a satisfying performance in an error-prone environment.
Computation of Multistage Separation Processes (1963)

The calculation procedures to be discussed in subsequent sections of this book offer a means of solution to a wide variety of sparation problems. The very fact that they are so versatile, however, requires in their utilization a thorough understanding of the formulation or setting up of the separation problems. To set up or describe a separation problem to be calculated is simply to assign values to the number of independent variables needed to define the problem. The calculation then yields the values of all the dependent values.
Electronic structure and Fe moment distribution in Nd5Fe17 (2000)

The electronic structure and the Fe moment distribution in Nd5Fe17 are calculated using the first-principles orthogonalized linear combination of atomic orbitals method. It is shown that there is no obvious correlation of the Fe moment with the nearest neighbor Fe–Fe separations. There is a reasonable correlation with the number of nearest Fe neighbors, NNN except for NNN=12. When the averaged Fe moments within the same group of Fe atoms of same NNN are plotted against the average Fe–Fe distances, the results are in good agreement with similar data derived from neutron diffraction analysis. The calculated total moment per formula unit and the average Fe moment are also in good agreement with experimental values.