gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adsorption Kinetics of C<sub>12</sub>E<sub>4</sub> at the Air−Water Interface:  Adsorption onto a Fresh Interface (2000)

The adsorption of C12E4 onto a fresh air−water interface was investigated by using video-enhanced pendant bubble tensiometry. From the comparison between the equilibrium surface tension data and the theoretical relaxation profiles predicted by the Frumkin adsorption isotherm, the adsorption process was found to be anticooperative. Dynamic surface tension data for C12E4 molecules absorbing onto a freshly created air−water interface for different bulk concentrations were used for the determination of the controlling mechanism and the evaluation of diffusivity. Comparison was made for the entire relaxation period of the surface tension data and the model predictions. It is concluded that the adsorption process is of diffusion control and the diffusion coefficient is 6.4 × 10-6 cm2/s. The lower limit of the adsorption rate constant of C12E4 were obtained from the theoretical simulation. Besides, the pendant bubble, at which the interface had reached the equilibrium state, was expanded rapidly and a relationship between surface tension (γ) and surface area (A) was obtained. A curve relating γ and relative surface concentration Γ/Γref was obtained from the γ−A data and then used to examine the adsorption isotherm utilized in this study.
Fast data anonymization with low information loss (2007)

Recent research studied the problem of publishing microdata without revealing sensitive information, leading to the privacy preserving paradigms of k-anonymity and ℓ-diversity. k-anonymity protects against the identification of an individual’s record. ℓ-diversity, in addition, safeguards against the association of an individual with specific sensitive information. However, existing approaches suffer from at least one of the following drawbacks: (i) The information loss metrics are counter-intuitive and fail to capture data inaccuracies inflicted for the sake of privacy. (ii) ℓ-diversity is solved by techniques developed for the simpler k-anonymity problem, which introduces unnecessary inaccuracies. (iii) The anonymization process is inefficient in terms of computation and I/O cost. In this paper we propose a framework for efficient privacy preservation that addresses these deficiencies. First, we focus on one-dimensional (i.e., single attribute) quasiidentifiers, and study the properties of optimal solutions for k-anonymity and ℓ-diversity, based on meaningful information loss metrics. Guided by these properties, we develop efficient heuristics to solve the one-dimensional problems in linear time. Finally, we generalize our solutions to multi-dimensional quasi-identifiers using space-mapping techniques. Extensive experimental evaluation shows that our techniques clearly outperform the state-of-the-art, in terms of execution time and information loss. 1.
Plant Uptake of LAS and DEHP from Sludge Amended Soil (2000)

Uptake in crop plants of LAS and DEHP from sewage sludge was studied in controlled greenhouse experiments. Both LAS and DEHP could be measured in the green parts of barley (highest concentrations 0.5 μg total LAS/g dw and 0.6 μg DEHP/g dw) and DEHP also in the green parts of carrot (mean 1.2±0.59 μg DEHP/g dw). The LAS and DEHP found in the green parts of the plants probably originated from the air or from dust, and not from the soil or sludge. LAS from added sludge were found in barley roots at a maximum concentration of about 20 μg/g dw, whereas adsorption/uptake of sludge borne DEHP was not observed. LAS could not be measured (<0.5 μg/g dw) in carrot peel. A low concentration of DEHP was found in the carrot peel (mean value 3.2±1.6 μ/g dw) that probably did not come from the sludge, but from the experimental soil used in the experiments. It is concluded, that atmospheric deposition was the dominating source of LAS and DEHP in the green parts of the studied crop plants, and that small amounts could be transferred from the sludge or from the soil to the roots of the plants.
Temperature analysis from multispectral infrared data (1976)

A technique is introduced that uses the ratios of the outputs of a multicolor ir sensor to analyze the flux from an object to determine the true temperature of the object and the relative amounts of the flux that are due to self-emission and to reflection from external sources.
Nonaqueous Polar Solvents in Reverse Micelle Systems (2012)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTNonaqueous Polar Solvents in Reverse Micelle SystemsN. Mariano Correa†, Juana J. Silber†, Ruth E. Riter‡, and Nancy E. Levinger*§View Author Information† Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal #3, C.P. X5804BYA Río Cuarto, Argentina‡ Department of Chemistry, Agnes Scott College, Decatur, Georgia 30030-3770, United States§ Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States*E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2012, 112, 8, 4569–4602Publication Date (Web):June 14, 2012Publication History Received7 July 2011Published online14 June 2012Published inissue 8 August 2012https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr200254qhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr200254qreview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2012 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views9177Altmetric-Citations226LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Dynamic light scattering,Emulsions,Micelles,Solvents,Surfactants Get e-Alerts
Hip protectors: interpreting the evidence and addressing practicalities (2004)

Some evidence suggests hip protectors are helpful in reducing fractures among older people. But, says Nicky Hayes, issues of compliance, tissue viability, cost and product design all need to be considered by nurses considering the implementation of hip protection strategies.
Design of CMOS IO Drivers with Less Sensitivity to Process, Voltage, and Temperature Variations (2005)

Matching I/O driver output resistance to transmission line impedance is critical for high speed I/O operation in source series termination environments. Tuning driver output resistance can be accomplished through the use of calibration circuitry. Under ideal conditions, calibration circuitry can properly calibrate an I/O driver. Operating in an environment with die process, voltage and temperature variations, that same calibration circuitry may perform improperly. This paper presents an I/O driver design that is less sensitive to process, voltage and temperature variations. The proposed driver design provides a near linear, or flat, output resistance response verses output voltageMatching I/O driver output resistance to transmission line impedance is critical for high speed I/O operation in source series termination environments. Tuning driver output resistance can be accomplished through the use of calibration circuitry. Under ideal conditions, calibration circuitry can properly calibrate an I/O driver. Operating in an environment with die process, voltage and temperature variations, that same calibration circuitry may perform improperly. This paper presents an I/O driver design that is less sensitive to process, voltage and temperature variations. The proposed driver design provides a near linear, or flat, output resistance response verses output voltage.
A Multiscale Color Quantization Algorithm For Producing Scalable Media (2005)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Antalya, Turkey, 2005
Asymptotic behavior of the eigenvalues of certain integral equations (1963)

then To is just convolution by k. However we shall not insist that this be the case. Let V(x) be a bounded non-negative function with bounded support and denote by MVI/2 the operator on L2(Ed) which is multiplication by V(x)1/2. We shall denote by 21 > A2 _> ? the positive eigenvalues of the positive semi-definite operator MVl/2ToMvI/2. In case K is the Fourier transform of an L1 function k then this is just the integral operator in equation (1).The result (Theorem II) is as
Twelve DNA markers accurately assess risk of progression in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (2007)

Optimization of AIS management necessitates early and accurate identification of progressive deformities. As standard radiographic evaluation relies on variables that change over time, these methods are often inaccurate in assessing risk of progression. Most data suggest that adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) has a polygenic inheritance. The exact gene(s) involved, however, have not been identified. Using our unique genealogy resources and a large patient population from across the United States, we hope to discover the molecular basis of AIS. As an interim result in our efforts to understand the genetic basis of AIS, we report on twelve DNA markers potentially useful in accurately predicting curve progression.
A modular approach for cloth modelling in virtual fitting room (2016)

The application is an augmented virtual reality application where the user is recognized at close range and can virtually try clothes. The unique point about this application is the fact that there'll be image processing and computer vision used to determine size of shirt and waist and so on of a person using the Kinect V2 perceptual computing kit rather than just allowing the user to try on virtual clothes. These clothes can be showcased online among the friends or can be directly used for printing and manufacturing the shirt using CO2 laser from a robotic arm which is out of scope of this paper. The modelling of cloth which is supposed to be augmented on the virtual human body is being designed with competent geometric algorithms rather than just relying on Gaming or Motion Control Frameworks. The results are tested on latest Kinect V2 sensor which provides user a compelling experience to opt for. The paper initially overviews the major technical components for complete virtual try-on system, followed by elucidating several key challenges such as calibration of Kinect and estimation of measurements for individual subjects like outfits, etc. Eventually we discuss key details of the implementation using Kinect V2. Quality of these steps is the key to achieve seamless try-on experience for users.
Study on copper plating solutions for fast filling of through silicon via (TSV) in 3D electronic packaging (2011)

Copper electrodeposition in acidic cupric methanesulfonate electrolyte with organic additives was discussed in this study. The influence of the additives in acidic cupric methanesulfonate bath was studied by means of electrochemical measurement using a rotary electrode and actual TSV copper depositions. The electrochemical parameters including exchange current density and cathodic transfer coefficient of base cupric methanesulfonate electrolyte were successfully determined. Chronoamperometry (CA) was conducted to verify the diffusion time of additives to the surface of electrodes and the corresponding diffusion constants were characterized.
Spiral magnetic configurations with minimum <i>B</i> (1966)

A general survey is given of magnetic configurations with minimum B, possessing helical symmetry. An approximate analytical expression is derived for the volume per unit flux V'(Φ) in the neighbourhood of the helical magnetic axis. Exact formulae for V' (Φ) and the mean rotational transform angle ι = 2πχ' (Φ) are expressed as single integrals. On the basis of numerical computation of these integrals, graphs of V' (Φ) and χ'(Φ) up to the separatrix of the magnetic surfaces are constructed.
Personalized Computational Modeling of Mitral Valve Prolapse: Virtual Leaflet Resection (2015)

Posterior leaflet prolapse following chordal elongation or rupture is one of the primary valvular diseases in patients with degenerative mitral valves (MVs). Quadrangular resection followed by ring annuloplasty is a reliable and reproducible surgical repair technique for treatment of posterior leaflet prolapse. Virtual MV repair simulation of leaflet resection in association with patient-specific 3D echocardiographic data can provide quantitative biomechanical and physiologic characteristics of pre- and post-resection MV function. We have developed a solid personalized computational simulation protocol to perform virtual MV repair using standard clinical guidelines of posterior leaflet resection with annuloplasty ring implantation. A virtual MV model was created using 3D echocardiographic data of a patient with posterior chordal rupture and severe mitral regurgitation. A quadrangle-shaped leaflet portion in the prolapsed posterior leaflet was removed, and virtual plication and suturing were performed. An annuloplasty ring of proper size was reconstructed and virtual ring annuloplasty was performed by superimposing the ring and the mitral annulus. Following the quadrangular resection and ring annuloplasty simulations, patient-specific annular motion and physiologic transvalvular pressure gradient were implemented and dynamic finite element simulation of MV function was performed. The pre-resection MV demonstrated a substantial lack of leaflet coaptation which directly correlated with the severe mitral regurgitation. Excessive stress concentration was found along the free marginal edge of the posterior leaflet involving the chordal rupture. Following the virtual resection and ring annuloplasty, the severity of the posterior leaflet prolapse markedly decreased. Excessive stress concentration disappeared over both anterior and posterior leaflets, and complete leaflet coaptation was effectively restored. This novel personalized virtual MV repair strategy has great potential to help with preoperative selection of the patient-specific optimal MV repair techniques, allow innovative surgical planning to expect improved efficacy of MV repair with more predictable outcomes, and ultimately provide more effective medical care for the patient.
Carbon Wrapped Ni3S2 Nanocrystals Anchored on Graphene Sheets as Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Battery and the Study on Their Capacity Evolution (2018)

Ni₃S₂ nanocrystals wrapped by thin carbon layer and anchored on the sheets of reduced graphene oxide (Ni₃S₂@C/RGO) have been synthesized by a spray-coagulation assisted hydrothermal method and combined with a calcination process. Cellulose, dissolved in Thiourea/NaOH aqueous solution is chosen as carbon sources and mixed with graphene oxide via a spray-coagulation method using graphene suspension as coagulation bath. The resulted cellulose/graphene suspension is utilized as solvent for dissolving of Ni(NO₃)₂ and then used as raw materials for hydrothermal preparation of the Ni₃S₂@C/RGO composites. The structure of the composites has been investigated and their electrochemical properties are evaluated as anode material for lithium-ion batteries. The Ni₃S₂@C/RGO sample exhibits increasing reversible capacities upon cycles and shows a superior rate performance as well. Such kinds of promising performance have been ascribed to the wrapping effect of carbon layer which confines the dislocation of the polycrystals formed upon cycles and the enhanced conductivity as the integration of RGO conductive substrate. Discharge capacities up to 850 and 630 mAh·g<sup>-1</sup> at current densities of 200 and 5000 mA·g<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, are obtained. The evolution of electrochemical performance of the composites with structure variation of the encapsulated Ni₃S₂ nanocrystals has been revealed by ex-situ TEM and XRD measurements.
On energy consumption of switch-centric data center networks (2017)

Data center network (DCN) is the core of cloud computing and accounts for 40% energy spend when compared to cooling system, power distribution and conversion of the whole data center (DC) facility. It is essential to reduce the energy consumption of DCN to ensure energy-efficient (green) data center can be achieved. An analysis of DC performance and efficiency emphasizing the effect of bandwidth provisioning and throughput on energy proportionality of two most common switch-centric DCN topologies: three-tier (3T) and fat tree (FT) based on the amount of actual energy that is turned into computing power are presented. Energy consumption of switch-centric DCNs by realistic simulations is analyzed using GreenCloud simulator. Power-related metrics were derived and adapted for the information technology equipment processes within the DCN. These metrics are acknowledged as subset of the major metrics of power usage effectiveness and data center infrastructure efficiency, known to DCs. This study suggests that although in overall FT consumes more energy, it spends less energy for transmission of a single bit of information, outperforming 3T.
Adaptive intra mode bit skip in intra coding (2008)

To reduce spatial redundancies in intra coding, Intra 4times4 mode provides nine directional prediction modes for every 4times4 block. In this paper, an adaptive intra mode bit skip method is proposed to improve coding efficiency in intra coding. The proposed method improves coding efficiency and reduces encoding complexity. Experimental results show that the average bit-rate reduction of 2.86% and 6.58% are achieved at the medium bitrate and low bitrate, respectively. In addition to that, encoding complexity is saved about 42% at the QP values of 27 and 32.
The angiogenic factor thymidine phosphorylase up‐regulates the cell adhesion molecule P‐selectin in human vascular endothelial cells and is associated with P‐selectin expression in breast cancers (2007)

Thymidine phosphorylase (TP) is an angiogenic enzyme, catalysing the reversible phosphorylation of thymidine to thymine and 2-deoxyribose. TP is up-regulated in neoplasia, being associated with advanced tumour stage, microvessel density and prognosis in several tumour types. Although TP is a non-mitogenic migratory factor for endothelium, the mechanism by which TP mediates these effects is still unclear. We compared the gene expression profile of endothelial cells grown in vitro in the presence or absence of TP by cDNA microarray analysis. To determine the time-course of TP angiogenic induction, endothelial cells were stimulated with TP (10 ng/ml) for 5 and 18 h. Gene expression levels of Tie2, angiopoietin (Ang)1 and Ang2, measured by RNase protection assay (RPA), showed maximal alteration at 18 h. cDNA from human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) grown for 18 h in the presence or absence of TP (10 ng/ml) was hybridized to a human cDNA cytokine array representing 375 angiogenic genes. Significantly altered expression occurred in 89 human angiogenic genes (72 genes were up-regulated and 17 down-regulated). Changes in five genes relevant to vascular remodelling biology (Tie2, nNos, P-selectin, ephrin-B1 and TP) were validated in triplicate experiments by real-time RT-PCR. But only P-selectin gene expression remained significant. Correlation between P-selectin and TP was assessed by immunohistochemistry on 161 human breast cancers, using human tissue microarray. Tumour cell TP correlated with tumour cell P-selectin but not with endothelial cell P-selectin. These data show that TP stimulates changes in mRNA expression maximally after 18 h culture in vitro. It confirms a role for TP in vascular remodelling involving several classes of genes, including the cell adhesion molecule, P-selectin. Although confirmation of the role of TP-mediated cell adhesion molecule (CAM) induction is required; however, this pathway may provide an attractive therapeutic target, since it is likely to affect several important tumour processes, including angiogenesis and metastasis.
Building science through topology optimization (2013)

The contribution of this work centers on the establishment of a novel topology optimization framework targeted specifically towards the needs of the structural engineering industry. Topology optimization can be used to minimize the material consumption in a structure, while at the same time providing a tool to generate design alternatives integrating architectural and structural engineering concepts. This tool can be an initial step towards the creation of efficient designs and provides an interactive, rational process for a project where architects and engineers can more effectively incorporate each other's ideas. Through the selection of layout constraints, the objection function, and other metrics that might fit the problem being studied, the engineer can then present the architect with a spectrum of solutions based on these parametric studies. This selection process has been shown to provide new ways to look at designs, which in turn inspires the overall design of the structure.

To streamline and simplify the design process, the computational framework described throughout this thesis is based on an integrated topology optimization approach involving the concurrent optimization of both continuum (e.g. Q4, polygonal) and discrete (e.g. beam, truss) finite elements to design the structural systems of high-rise buildings. For instance, after the overall shape and location of the perimeter columns of the building are known, topology optimization can be used to design the internal structural system, while concurrently sizing the members. Moreover, while typical topology optimization problems are based on a single objective function (i.e. minimum compliance), in the context of buildings it is important to evaluate and account for potential geometric instabilities as well. Thus, multi-objective optimization, including linearized buckling, has been studied in this context. To handle the large amounts of data associated with a high-rise, this new framework has been written to take advantage of a topological data structure together with object-oriented programming concepts to handle a variety of finite element problems, in an efficient, but generic fashion as demonstrated in this work. Several practical examples and case studies of high-rise buildings and other architectural structures are given to show the importance and relevance of this approach to the structural design industry.

Finally, to better understand the geometries derived throughout the thesis, optimal structures are explored in more detail using the notions of graphic statics and reciprocal diagrams. The advantage to using graphic statics for this class of optimal problems is that it provides all of the information needed to determine the total load path in a graphical manner, allowing the engineer and/or architect to gain valuable insight to the problem at hand. Moreover, using the reciprocal form and force diagrams, we describe how in the course of finding one minimum load path structure, a second minimum load path structure is also found. These…