gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Models of Metaphor in NLP (2010)

Automatic processing of metaphor can be clearly divided into two subtasks: metaphor recognition (distinguishing between literal and metaphorical language in a text) and metaphor interpretation (identifying the intended literal meaning of a metaphorical expression). Both of them have been repeatedly addressed in NLP. This paper is the first comprehensive and systematic review of the existing computational models of metaphor, the issues of metaphor annotation in corpora and the available resources. 1
Infrared Spectra of Phenolic Resins. Cause of Discoloration and Preparation of Colorless Resins (1957)

種々のフェノール系樹脂の赤外吸収スペクトルおよびすでに報告してきた多くの実験結果にもとづきフェノール系樹脂の変色機構を解明し, これについて総括的に記述し, さらに無色フェノール系樹脂の製造法に関する基礎的考察を行い二, 三の応用例を示した。またフェノール樹脂の性質と構造との関係について規則性の存在することを見出した。
Inducing feelings of fear with virtual reality : the influence of multisensory stimulation on negative emotional experience (2014)

In a natural environment, affective events often convey emotional cues through multiple sensory modalities. Yet, the effect of multisensory affective events on the conscious emotional experience (feelings) they induce remains relatively undiscovered. The present research exploited the unique advantages of virtual reality techniques to examine the negative emotional experience induced by auditory-visual aversive events embedded in a natural context. In natural contexts, the spatial distance between the perceiver and the affective stimuli is an important factor. Consequently, this research investigated the relationship between affect, multisensory presentation and space. A first study using virtual reality tested the influence of auditory-visual aversive stimuli on negative emotional experience. A second study explored the effect of excessive fear on the representation of close space. A third study examined the effect of auditory-visual stimuli on negative emotional experience as a function of their location at close or far distances from the perceiver. Overall, it was found that negative emotional experience is modulated by the sensory and spatial characteristics of aversive events. Multisensory aversive events amplify negative feelings only when they are located at close distances from the perceiver. Moreover, excessive fear related to an event extends the space, wherein the event is represented as close. Taken together, the present research provides new information about affective processing and exposes virtual reality as a relevant tool for the study of human affect.
Identification and Molecular Characterization of <i>Streptococcus equi</i> subsp. <i>zooepidemicus</i> Isolated from Camels (<i>Camelus dromedarius</i>) and Camel Milk in Kenya and Somalia (2005)

Seventeen Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus strains isolated from camels and camel milk in Kenya and Somalia were identified by their cultural characteristics, by biochemical and serological reactions with the help of commercial identification systems and by molecular studies using a multiplex PCR. The isolates were further characterized by a PCR-mediated detection of size polymorphisms in the 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region and the virulence gene szp and by amplification of the virulence gene cne. These molecular analysis are potentially useful in identifying and characterizing S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus strains of this origin and could possibly be valuable in epidemiological investigations.
Improving Shepherd's Length Composition Analysis (SLCA) method for growth parameter estimations (1995)

Shepherd's &quot;weekly parametric&quot; method for estimating the parameter L sub( infinity ) and K of the von Bertalanffy growth function from length-frequency data often fails to converge, and usually overestimates K. It is shown that this is due to overcounting of the frequencies associated with large, slow growing fish, and that both of these problems can be completely overcome by a simple change in the way the scoring function is formulated.
STREPTOCOCCAL NUCLEASES (1967)

Preparations of streptococcal DNAse D with high specific activity and free of other streptococcal nucleases have been obtained by zone electrophoresis and column chromatography. Antisera prepared by injecting rabbits with such preparations specifically neutralize the activity of this enzyme. As with DNAse B, preparations of DNAse D regularly exhibit ribonuclease activity. For both B and D enzymes, the order of substrate preference is thymus DNA, yeast RNA, bacterial RNA; but the specific activity of the D enzyme is higher than that of the B enzyme with respect to thymus DNA and lower with respect to bacterial RNA. Both the deoxyribonuclease and the ribonuclease activities exhibited by preparations of both enzymes are inhibited by bacterial RNA, but approximately 100-fold greater concentrations of bacterial RNA are required to achieve inhibition of the deoxyribonuclease activity of the D enzyme equivalent to the inhibition of the B enzyme. The deoxyribonuclease activity of the D enzyme is also inhibited by yeast RNA, but even larger amounts are required. These observations indicate that the D enzyme is immunologically distinct from the other streptococcal nucleases and that it differs quantitatively from the B enzyme with respect to relative specific activities on different substrates and behavior in the presence of the bacterial ribonucleic acid inhibitor.
Diameter and Elasticity of the Ascending Aorta during Infusion of Noradrenaline (1971)

Abstract The effect of smooth muscle contraction on diameter and elasticity of the ascending aorta was examined in 18 anesthetized rabbits. Aortic diameter was measured with ultrasonic technique inside the intact thorax, and blood pressure was recorded from a catheter in the right common carotid artery. Control observations were obtained at various blood pressure levels by producing stepwise changes of the blood volume. At diastolic pressures from 40–90 mm Hg, i.v. infusion of noradrenaline (4–6 μg/kg · min) caused a 6.6% average reduction in diastolic aortic diameter. Noradrenaline at low pressures increased the aortic pressure‐strain elastic modulus (E p ) and theoretical pulse‐wave velocity (PWV) by 30–67%. Control values of Ep and PWV were slightly higher for rabbits than those usually found in dogs. It is concluded that at comparable pressures, contraction of aortic smooth muscle tissue, induced by infusion of noradrenaline, produces a small but significant constriction of the ascending aorta, and, at low pressures only, increases dynamic stiffness of the vessel.
Postgastrectomy osteoporosis (1991)

Osteoporosis is a recognized complication following partial gastrectomy and is more common than osteomalacia. Recent improvements in the measurement of bone mineral status (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, DEXA) have assisted in measuring osteoporosis. Sixteen men who had undergone gastrectomy more than 30 years previously were examined. This study reports the effect of calcium supplementation in six patients in whom osteomalacia had been excluded and who showed abnormally low bone mineral densities on DEXA scanning. Calcium supplementation for 6 months (microcrystalline hydroxyapatite, Ossopan 8-32 g per day) produced no significant advantage for the treatment group at any site measured.
New understandings in Streptococcus pyogenes (2011)

Advances in molecular technology have furthered our understanding of virulence factors that underpin group A streptococcus invasiveness. The increased prevalence of invasive disease coupled with the devastating effects of chronic rheumatic heart disease, affecting predominantly low-income regions, underline the need for the development of an effective vaccine.
Fully developed flow of power-law fluids in ducts (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFully developed flow of power-law fluids in ductsTa Jo LiuCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundamen. 1983, 22, 2, 183–186Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i100010a006https://doi.org/10.1021/i100010a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views384Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
An approach to register number determination based on simulation of register allocation via graph colouring (1994)

An important task in most optimising compilers is register allocation i.e. deciding which program variables will use physical registers of processors. Register allocation may be formulated as a graph colouring problem. The nodes in the interference graph represent variables, and two nodes are connected by an edge if variables they represent are simultaneously live. The allocation process is successful if the graph can be coloured so that adjacent nodes are assigned different colours. The number of colours is determined by the number of available registers. Based on simulation of the register allocation procedure via graph colouring this paper discusses the necessary number of registers for storing variables within a single procedure.
Upper gastrointestinal tract safety profile of alendronate: the fracture intervention trial. (2000)

In these older women, upper GI tract complaints, particularly dyspepsia and abdominal pain, were common, but alendronate treatment was not associated with an increased incidence of upper GI tract events, even in high-risk subgroups.
A non-homogeneous STAP approach combined with RD-ATI technique (2009)

In this paper, a non-homogeneous Space-Time Adaptive Processing (STAP) approach is proposed. In the approach, Range-Doppler domain ATI (RD-ATI) technique is used as a Non-Homogeneous Detector (NHD) which provides prior knowledge of moving targets, then Power Select Training (PST) method is employed to restrain clutter power non-homogeneous, and Frequency Domain Substitution (FDS) method used to eliminate the discrete interference. The approach improves conventional STAP performance significantly and greatly reduces computational burden, which has a great practical value. The result of real data from a three-channel SAR/GMTI system shows efficiency of the approach.
Characterization of Collagenase, other Metallo-Proteinases and An Inhibitor (Timp) Produced by Human Synovium and Cartilage in Culture (1981)

1. Explants of human synovium from normal, rheumatoid and osteoarthritic subjects produced proteinases in culture that could degrade connective tissue macromolecules at neutral pH. 2. The proteinases detected in the media were predominantly of the class requiring metal ions for activity, and occurred in either partially or wholly latent forms. Activation could be achieved by treatment with either trypsin or the organo-mercurial, 4-aminophenylmercuric acetate. 3. Explants of both normal and osteoarthritic synovium produced an inhibitor of collagenase in the early days of culture, similar to that previously described for rabbit tissues. In contrast, no free inhibitor could be detected in the media of rheumatoid synovial cultures. 4. Explants of normal human articular cartilage produced latent collagenase and free inhibitor in culture. 5. These findings suggest that the activity of tissue-derived metallo-proteinases may be controlled by locally synthesized inhibitors, by mechanisms analogous to those already described for rabbit model systems. Changes in the synthesis and degradation of inhibitor could be important in human diseases in which destruction of connective tissue is a prominent feature.
Performance Analysis of a Fixed-Complexity Sphere Decoder in High-Dimensional Mimo Systems (2006)

The performance of a new detection algorithm for uncoded multiple input-multiple output (MIMO) systems based on the complex version of the sphere decoder (SD) is analyzed in this paper. The algorithm performs a fixed number of operations to detect the signal, independent of the noise level. Simulation results show that it can be applied to high-dimensional MIMO systems presenting a very small bit error ratio (BER) degradation compared to the original SD. In addition, its deterministic nature makes it suitable for hardware implementation
<i>In vitro</i> transcription in <i>Chlamydia psittaci</i> and <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> (1993)

Extracts of Chlamydia psittaci and Chlamydia trachomatis were used to transcribe molecularly cloned chlamydial genes in vitro. The extracts were prepared by lysing reticulate bodies, obtaining the 10,000 x g centrifugation pellet, and eluting RNA polymerase from the pellet by treatment with 2M KCl to yield a fraction designated SS2. Some in vitro transcription was initiated from non-chlamydial promoters and a small amount of transcription was from endogenous DNA template in SS2. However, optimal transcription from exogenous templates required chlamydial promoter sequences, and primer extension analysis indicated that chlamydia promoter-specific in vitro transcription was initiated from the same start sites recognized in vivo. A monoclonal antibody that was generated against Escherichia coli sigma 70 and which immunologically cross-reacts with C. trachomatis sigma 66 inhibited in vitro transcription of vector and cloned chlamydial DNA, suggesting that transcriptional initiation in the SS2 fraction is mediated by sigma 66. An in vitro transcription assay based on detection of transcripts of specific lengths was applied to the chlamydial system; this assay and others described here should be useful in defining chlamydial promoters and other transcriptional regulatory elements.
Teichoic acids of group D streptococci with special reference to strains from pig meningitis (Streptococcus suis). (1977)

Immunoelectrophoresis revealed in phenol extracts from S. faecalis and S. faecium a mixture of free and lipid-bound teichoic acids, both reactive with Group D antisera. In phenol extracts from S. suis only lipid-bound teichoic acid, also reactive with Group D antiserum, was seen. This difference probably accounts for the low yield of Group D antigen from S. suis as compared with S. faecalis and S. faecium when heating at pH 2 is used for extraction. When phenol is used good yields are obtained from S. suis as well as from S. faecalis and S. faecium. Lipoteichoic acids from S. faecalis and S. faecium have a backbone structure the same as or similar to that of Group A streptococcal teichoic acid. Lipoteichoic acid from S. suis has a structure differing from that of S. faecalis and S. faecium, e.g., possibly in the attachment of its glucosyl substituents. Precipitation reactions between S. suis lipoteichoic acid and Group D antisera were specifically inhibited by glucose. Reactions between S. bovis phenol extracts and some Group D antisera were also specifically inhibited by glucose, but extracts from S. faecalis and S. faecium were not. This may indicate a monosaccharide glucosyl substituent in teichoic acid from S. suis and S. bovis instead of the di- or trisaccharide previously postulated as the glucosyl substituent in the teichoic acid of S. faecalis.
Contourlet versus Wavelet Transform: A performance study for a robust image watermarking (2009)

This paper presents a simple Contourlet-based watermarking technique and investigates the role of Contourlet Transform (CLT) versus wavelet transform (WT) in achieving a high level of robustness. The same embedding strategy is adopted for both cases of CLT-based watermarking and WT-based watermarking. Experimental results show the superiority of the CLT-based watermarking technique over the WT-based one in resisting the investigated common signal processing attacks.
Trabajo preparatorio para "De un tono de distinción adoptado recientemente en filosofía" (2005)

Sin resumen
Single Crystals with Complex Form via Amorphous Precursors (2008)

Nature is able to produce large single crystals with complex shape via amorphous precursor phases in the process of biomineralization (the picture shows an SEM image of a fracture surface of a sea urchin spicule). This strategy can be mimicked for the template synthesis of large single-crystalline materials with controllable complex shape.
Characterization of Sarcocystis neurona from a thoroughbred with equine protozoal myeloencephalitis. (1992)

Morphological information is presented for syntype material of the etiologic agent of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis, Sarcocystis neurona. A clinical description of the horse from which the organism was isolated and the methodology used to immunosuppress the horse in an attempt to increase parasite numbers are also given. The description includes microscopic details observed both with light and transmission electron microscopy. Mainly stages from tissue are illustrated, but information is also presented on the development of the organism after inoculation onto monolayers of bovine monocytes. It is believed that the large numbers of organisms observed in this horse were due to its having not received prior treatment with trimethoprimsulphonamide and the large amounts of corticosteroids that were administered in order to facilitate isolation of the pathogen.
MULTIPLEX WIRING SYSTEMS (1995)

This is a discussion of production and proposed passenger vehicle multiplexing and data communications network systems.
EmoTxt: A toolkit for emotion recognition from text (2017)

We present EmoTxt, a toolkit for emotion recognition from text, trained and tested on a gold standard of about 9K question, answers, and comments from online interactions. We provide empirical evidence of the performance of EmoTxt. To the best of our knowledge, EmoTxt is the first open-source toolkit supporting both emotion recognition from text and training of custom emotion classification models.
Design a Network Architectural Teaching System by Auto CAD (2020)

Computer-Aided Design and Applications is an international journal on the applications of CAD and CAM. It publishes papers in the general domain of CAD plus in emerging fields like bio-CAD, nano-CAD, soft-CAD, garment-CAD, PLM, PDM, CAD data mining, CAD and the internet, CAD education, genetic algorithms and CAD engines. The journal is aimed at all developers and users of CAD technology to ptovide CAD solutions for various stages of design and manufacturing. The journal publishes all about Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Aided technologies.
An industrial solution to automatic robot calibration and workpiece pose estimation for semiconductor and gene‐chip microarray fabrication (2006)

Purpose For semiconductor and gene‐chip microarray fabrication, robots are widely used to handle workpieces. It is critical that robots can calibrate themselves regularly and estimate workpiece pose automatically. This paper proposes an industrial method for automatic robot calibration and workpiece pose estimation. Design/methodology/approach The methods have been implemented using an air‐pressure sensor and a laser sensor. Findings Experimental results conducted in an industrial manufacturing environment show efficiency of the methods. Originality/value The contribution of this paper consists of an industrial solution to automatic robot calibration and workpiece pose estimation for automatic semiconductor and gene‐chip microarray fabrication.
Clonidine Increases the Sweating Threshold, but Does Not Reduce the Gain of Sweating (1996)

We tested the hypothesis that clonidine produces a dose-dependent increase in the sweating threshold but does not reduce the gain of sweating. Six healthy male volunteers were evaluated, each on three separate days in random order. In one, saline was administered; in another, a 2-micro gram/kg bolus of clonidine was followed by an infusion at 2 micro gram centered dot kg-1 centered dot h-1, and on a third day, a 4-micro gram/kg bolus was followed by an infusion at 4 micro gram centered dot kg-1 centered dot h-1. Core temperature was measured at the tympanic membrane and mean skin temperature was determined from four sites. A chest sweating rate of 40 g centered dot m-2 centered dot h-1 was considered significant. The core temperature triggering sweating, adjusted to a designated mean skin temperature of 34 degrees C, identified the threshold for this response. Gain was defined by the adjusted core temperature increase required to augment sweating from 100 to 300 g centered dot m-2 centered dot h-1 centered dot degrees C-1. Plasma clonidine concentrations were 0.8 +/- 0.1 and 1.6 +/- 0.2 ng/mL on the small- and large-dose days, respectively. Clonidine administration increased the sweating threshold approximate equals 0.4 degrees C (P < 0.05), but the increase was comparable at each dose. The gain of sweating was approximate equals 0.2 degrees C and was not influenced by clonidine administration. The thermoregulatory effects of clonidine thus resemble those of volatile anesthetics, opioids, and propofol. These data suggest that the antishivering effect of clonidine results from central thermoregulatory inhibition rather than a specific peripheral action on thermogenic muscular activity. Unlike other sedatives and anesthetics, the concentration-dependence of clonidine demonstrates a ceiling beyond which the administration of an additional drug fails to enhance the effect, suggesting that the thermoregulatory effect of clonidine may be limited, even at high plasma concentrations. The gain of sweating was well preserved indicating that this response remains effective in the presence of sedatives and anesthetics. (Anesth Analg 1996;83:844-8)
Categorial grammar, modalities and algebraic semantics (1993)

This paper contributes to the theory of substructural logics that are of interest to categorial grammarians. Combining semantic ideas of Hepple [1990] and Morrill [1990], proof-theoretic ideas of Venema [1993b; 1993a] and the theory of equational specifications, a class of resource-preserving logics is defined, for which decidability and completeness theorems are established.
A Comparitive Analysis of Identity formation among Adolescents (2015)

Adolescent age is the age of changes. In this age adolescents are in dilemma, whether they are child or they are now matured person. Adolescent age is working as bridge between childhood and adulthood. In this age adolescents merely confused to their identity. If they are not able to find healthy pattern of identity, they have to face identity crisis and they indulge in the antisocial activities. There are gender differences in the formation of identity. The present study is an attempt to find out the gender difference on Identity formation of the adolescents. For this purpose the study was conducted on 300 adolescents which were further categorized into three groups i.e 7-8 grade, 9-10 grade and 11-12 grade. To compare the gender differences inferential and descriptive statistics were used. And found that there were the gender differences on identity formation.