gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>IR seeker imaging simulation: a real-time seeker model based on fractal theory</title> (1994)

A comprehensive IR seeker imaging simulation (ISIS) model has been developed. ISIS is an open-ended object-oriented environment which supports a myriad of high fidelity modules for seeker simulation. Fractal models are used for focal plane array noise modeling, missing data interpolation, and high-fidelity simulation compression using iterated function system fractal codes. This paper will discuss specifically how various fractal algorithms have been incorporated to aid real-time hardware-in- the-loop simulation activities.
A thermostable NADH oxidase from anaerobic extreme thermophiles (1992)

A high-abundance NADH-oxidizing enzyme (NADH: acceptor oxidoreductase, EC 1.6.99.3) has been identified and isolated from a range of anaerobic extreme thermophiles, including strains of Clostridium thermohydrosulfuricum and Thermoanaerobium brockii. By use of a pseudo-affinity salt-promoted adsorbent, a nearly pure sample was obtained in one step; remaining impurities were separated by ion-exchange. The fully active purified enzyme contains FAD (two molecules per subunit of 75-78 kDa) and iron-sulphur, and is hexameric in its most active form. The reaction with oxygen is a one- or two-electron transfer to produce superoxide radical and H2O2; other acceptors include tetrazolium salts, dichlorophenol-indophenol, menadione and ferricyanide. The role of the enzyme is not clear; it was found not to be NAD:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, which is a major NADH-utilizing enzyme in these organisms.
Basement Membrane Protein<scp>BM</scp>‐40 (2004)

Abstract BM‐40, also known as SPARC or osteonectin, is a secreted glycoprotein present in all metazoa. The protein is expressed in tissues undergoing morphogenesis, remodeling, and repair. In vitro , BM‐40 binds to several collagens and is both antiproliferative and counteradhesive. Human BM‐40 consists of an acidic N‐terminal domain, a follistatin‐like (FS) domain, and an α‐helical (EC) domain that contains two functional EF‐hand calcium‐binding motifs. The crystal structure of the FS–EC domain pair has been determined. Calcium and collagen binding to the EC domain has been studied using site‐directed mutagenesis, spectroscopy, and binding assays.
Highly Selective Transport of Heavy Metal Ions by Novel Amide Compounds (1996)

Several types of acyclic amides have been synthesized and evaluated as carriers for metal ion transport across liquid membranes. The abilities of oligoamides containing 8-quinolyl groups to transport heavy metal ions, such as copper(II), mercury(II), silver(I), etc., across bulk chloroform membranes are assessed. Among the different types of amides, malonamide and glutaramide derivatives are found to exhibit high selectivity for copper(II) transport and different methionine derivatives for mercury(II) and for silver(I) transport. The relationship between the structure of the ionophore and its transport behavior is discussed.
Network-based simulation laboratories for microelectronics systems design and education (2002)

This paper reports on a prototype, network-based virtual laboratory that allows geographically distributed users to share and run existing tools via standard web browsers ("http://www.ecn.purdue.edu/labs/punch"). The software infrastructure for the virtual laboratory is described, and ongoing applications of this infrastructure to microelectronics systems design and education are discussed.
<title>Direction finding using a modified minimum-eigenvector technique</title> (1990)

In this paper, an adaptive algorithm for direction-finding of correlated sources is presented. The algorithm is low in computational complexity and it does not require determination of the effective rank of the array correlation matrix. The algorithm employs a gradient technique to determine the minimum eigenvector of the correlation matrix and an orthogonalization technique to determine the second minimum eigenvector. The two noise eigenvectors are then used to compute the spatial spectra. The angle of arrivals can then be found by superimposing the two spectra. To verify further the true arrivals, additional spatial spectral can be computed using a combination of the two noise eigenvectors. Numerical results show that the proposed algorithms are effective in resolving correlated sources.
Abstract IA7: Functional genomics to identify cancer targets and resistance (2012)

Abstract Recent advances in genomics now make it possible to consider enumerating all of the genetic lesions in specific cancers. While these approaches will yield critical information regarding the identify, number, and types of alterations found in human tumors, a complementary approach to decipher the molecular basis of malignant transformation depends upon the application of genome scale tools to annotate the function of genes involved in cancer initiation and progression. Over the past several years, we have developed genome scale RNAi libraries and open reading frame expression libraries that permit a systematic evaluation of genes involved in cancer initiation and maintenance. Using these libraries, we have now performed screens in a panel of human cancer cell lines to systematically identify cancer vulnerabilities. By combining these functional approaches with information derived from mapping the structural abnormalities present in cancer genomes, we have identified several new oncogenes that contribute to cancer development. In pilot studies, we have identified several genes that act as synthetic lethal partners to known oncogenes or mediate resistance to targeted therapies. In recent work, we have expanded the scale of these experiments to genome scale in more than 100 cell lines, which has permitted greatly expanded and deeper investigation into genes that program the malignant state. Together, these studies suggest that combining forward and reverse genetic approaches with information derived from the cancer genome characterization projects will yield a comprehensive list of cancer vulnerabilities and establish a general approach for the rational identification of oncogenic and co-dependent pathways in cancer. Citation Format: William C. Hahn. Functional genomics to identify cancer targets and resistance [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Chemical Systems Biology: Assembling and Interrogating Computational Models of the Cancer Cell by Chemical Perturbations; 2012 Jun 27-30; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(13 Suppl):Abstract nr IA7.
Effects of Methotrexate Esters on Normal and Psoriatic Skin (1975)

The effect of several lipid-soluble folic acid antagonists on DNA synthesis in psoriatic and normal skin was studied. The skin samples were incubated in vitro with methotrexate, dichloromethotrexate, and their respective dimethyl esters, followed by exposure to deoxyuridine-3H to assay DNA synthesis radioautographically. Psoriatic epidermal cells were found to be selectively inhibited at lower concentrations (2 times 10-7 M) of these drugs than was normal skin. The ester derivatives were more active than the parent compounds, suggesting that increased lipid solubility of the compounds may potentiate their activity.
High-throughput profiling identifies clinically actionable mutations in salivary duct carcinoma (2014)

This study reports the largest and most comprehensive analysis of DNA aberrations in SDC. Our results show that PIK3CA and/or ERBB2 alterations in the development of SDC might be a useful diagnostic tool and could serve as a potential therapeutic target.
Original Article : Detection Algorithm for Cracks on the Surface of Tomatoes using Multispectral Vis/NIR Reflectance Imagery (2013)

Purpose: Tomatoes, an important agricultural product in fresh-cut markets, are sometimes a source of foodborne illness, mainly Salmonella spp. Growth cracks on tomatoes can be a pathway for bacteria, so its detection prior to consumption is important for public health. In this study, multispectral Visible/Near-Infrared (NIR) reflectance imaging techniques were used to determine optimal wavebands for the classification of defect tomatoes. Methods: Hyperspectral reflectance images were collected from samples of naturally cracked tomatoes. To classify the resulting images, the selected wavelength bands were subjected to two-band permutations, and a supervised classification method was used. Results: The results showed that two optimal wavelengths, 713.8 nm and 718.6 nm, could be used to identify cracked spots on tomato surfaces with a correct classification rate of 91.1 %. The result indicates that multispectral reflectance imaging with optimized wavebands from hyperspectral images is an effective technique for the classification of defective tomatoes. Conclusions: Although it can be susceptible to specular interference, the multispectral reflectance imaging is an appropriate method for commercial applications because it is faster and much less expensive than Near- Infrared or fluorescence imaging techniques.
Effects of environmental stressors on vigilance performance (1989)

The authors report on research for reducing accidents and improving the person-machine interface found in surface and underground mining operations. Miners are exposed to a variety of environmental stressors, e.g., extreme heat, noise, vibration, and adverse illumination, throughout the workday. Exposure to these environmental stressors has been noted to affect performance of vigilance tasks. Since impaired performance of vigilance tasks can lead to industrial accidents, further investigation of the effects of environmental stressors on human performance is warranted. A description of the environmental conditions present in the mining workplace is presented. A review of experiments dealing with the effects of environmental stressors on vigilance task performance is given. The applicability of past research to actual mining operations is considered.
Early Cytokine Production Risk Stratifies Trauma Patients for Multiple Organ Failure (2009)

These data provide insight into cytokine expression during traumatic shock that can enable earlier identification of patients at risk for development of MOF.
Vaccine-Induced, Pseudorabies Virus-Specific, Extrathymic CD4<sup>+</sup>CD8<sup>+</sup>Memory T-Helper Cells in Swine (1998)

Pseudorabies virus (PRV; suid herpesvirus 1) infection causes heavy economic losses in the pig industry. Therefore, vaccination with live attenuated viruses is practiced in many countries. This vaccination was demonstrated to induce extrathymic virus-specific memory CD4+CD8+ T lymphocytes. Due to their major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-restricted proliferation, it is generally believed that these T lymphocytes function as memory T-helper cells. To directly prove this hypothesis, 15-amino-acid, overlapping peptides of the viral glycoprotein gC were used for screening in proliferation assays with peripheral blood mononuclear cells of vaccinated d/d haplotype inbred pigs. In these experiments, two naturally processed T-cell epitopes (T1 and T2) which are MHC class II restricted were identified. It was shown that extrathymic CD4+CD8+ T cells are the T-lymphocyte subpopulation that responds to epitope T2. In addition, we were able to show that cytokine secretion can be induced in these T cells through recall with inactivated PRV and demonstrated that activated PRV-primed CD4+CD8+ T cells are able to induce PRV-specific immunoglobulin synthesis by PRV-primed, resting B cells. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the glycoprotein gC takes part in the priming of humoral anti-PRV memory responses. The experiments identified the first T-cell epitopes so far known to induce the generation of virus-specific CD4+CD8+ memory T lymphocytes and showed that CD4+CD8+ T cells are memory T-helper cells. Therefore, this study describes the generation of virus-specific CD4+CD8+ T cells, which is observed during vaccination, as a part of the potent humoral anti-PRV memory response induced by the vaccine.
Distributed Power Allocation Algorithm for General Authorised Access in Spectrum Access System (2019)

To meet the capacity needs of the next generation wireless communications, U.S. Federal Communications Commission has recently introduced Spectrum Access System. Spectrum is shared between three tiers - Incumbents, Priority Access Licensees (PAL) and General Authorised Access (GAA) Licensees. When the incumbents are absent, PAL and GAA share the spectrum under the constraint that GAA ensure the aggregate interference to PAL is no more than -80 dBm within the PAL protection area. Currently GAA users are required to report their geolocations. However, geolocation is private information that GAA may not be willing to share. We propose a distributed GAA power allocation algorithm that does not require centralised coordination on sharing locations with other GAA users via SAS. We analytically proved the critical point of the interference along the PAL protection area to avoid calculating the interference on every points of the area. We proposed exclusion zone, transitional zone and open zone for GAA users to calculate the self-determined transmit power. Simulation results show that our method meets the interference requirement and achieve more than 90% of capacity approximation to the optimal centralised method, while completely masking the GAA locations.
Teratogenic effects of D-penicillamine in rats: relation to copper deficiency. (1983)

The teratogenicity of D-penicillamine (DP) (dimethyl cysteine) was studied using the Sprague-Dawley rat. D-Penicillamine was fed during pregnancy at a level of 0 (control), 0.17, 0.83, or 1.66% of the diet. The frequency of resorptions, and the frequency and severity of malformations, increased with increasing levels of the drug. Maternal and fetal tissue copper levels were significantly lower in the DP groups than in controls, with the levels decreasing in a dose-related manner. Maternal and fetal zinc levels were lower in the 1.6% DP group than in controls. Maternal liver iron concentration was higher in the drug-fed rats than in controls, increasing in a dose-related manner. Fetal iron concentration was not consistently affected by the drug. Maternal and fetal manganese, calcium, and magnesium concentrations were similar among all groups. These results suggest that the teratogenicity of D-penicillamine may be due in part to induction of copper deficiency and, at high dose levels, zinc deficiency, caused by its chelating properties.
Dynamic coercivity measurements of antiferromagnetically coupled magnetic media layers (2001)

We have performed dynamic coercivity measurements on a series of antiferromagnetically coupled (AFC) magnetic recording media utilizing a static write/read tester. The samples consist of two magnetic layers, which are antiferromagnetically coupled by a nonmagnetic layer. The investigated samples have a fixed top layer thickness and variable bottom layer thickness, such that the composite remanent magnetization thickness product (MRtAFC) varies over a large range, 0.17–0.30 memu/cm2. We find that the ratio between anisotropy energy and thermal energy (≡ stability ratio, C−1), and the intrinsic switching field H0 are, within the experimental error, constant for the series. This suggests that the top magnetic layer to first order determines the stability ratio of the AFC media and that MRtAFC can be varied over a large range without decreasing the stability or increasing the write field requirements.
Numerical schemes for the Iterative Nonlinear Contrast Source method (2012)

Nonlinear acoustics is gaining importance for medical acoustical imaging and high intensity focused ultrasound. With the latter one, high-amplitude acoustic wave fields are used to damage or kill cancer cells. For accurate treatment planning, a full-wave method which can model the propagation and scattering of the nonlinear field in attenuative, heterogeneous media is required. The Iterative Nonlinear Contrast Source (INCS) method is a full-wave method originally developed for homogeneous medium. It recasts the Westervelt equation into an integral equation which can be solved using a Neumann scheme. For heterogeneous media, the same approach results in additional contrast source terms. When these additional contrast sources become strong, convergence of the Neumann scheme may become an issue. To overcome this problem, the Westervelt equation may be linearized and the resulting linear integral equation may be solved with more advanced schemes such as Bi-CGSTAB. Restart strategies may be applied to eliminate systematic errors in the higher harmonics caused by the linearization. However, for realistic wave speed contrasts convergence remains problematic. To overcome these limitations, schemes such as steepest descent may be applied on the original nonlinear integral equation. In the present talk, the different schemes and their pros and cons will be discussed.
Composites for Increased Wear Resistance: Current Achievements and Future Prospects (1984)

The various ways in which reductions in wear and/or friction can be achieved by the use of composite materials are reviewed. Reinforced plastics are emphasized and it is shown that fillers and fibers reduce wear via several mechanisms additional to their role of increasing overall mechanical strength, preferential transfer, counter face abrasion, preferential load support, or third-body formation on either the composite or its counterface. Examples are given from recent work on thin layer composites of the type widely used as dry bearings in aircraft flight control mechanisms. Developments in metal based composites and carbon-carbon composites for high energy brakes are discussed. The aspects which could benefit by increased fundamental understanding identified and the types of composites which appear to have greatest potential for further growth are indicated.
Optimal inventories in group technology production systems for a continuous consumption pattern (1996)

In this paper, a mathematical model to determine the optimal lot size in group technology systems is developed, based on a continuous consumption pattern. The optimal lot size formula that minimizes total cost is then determined. This formula is found to be similar to the standard economic production quantity formula, except for the cost elements associated with items' production and the opportunity cost associated with total machines set-up time. However, it is shown that in practical situations, where machine set-up consumes a limited time, the difference between the two formulas is insignificant. A variant formula for the case where storage cost is based on a fixed charge in a random access storage is also derived. Sensitivity analysis with respect to annual demand rate, annual carrying cost rate, cost of raw material handling, total machine set-up time and cost per unit time is presented. Finally, an example is worked out to illustrate the analytical results.
Mimicry is associated with procedural learning, not social bonding, neural systems in autism (2020)

Abstract Mimicry facilitates social bonding throughout the lifespan. Mimicry impairments in autism spectrum conditions (ASC) are widely reported, including differentiation of the brain networks associated with its social bonding and learning functions. This study examined associations between volumes of brain regions associated with social bonding versus procedural skill learning , and mimicry of gestures during a naturalistic interaction in ASC and neurotypical (NT) children. Consistent with predictions, results revealed reduced mimicry in ASC relative to the NT children. Mimicry frequency was negatively associated with autism symptom severity. Mimicry was predicted predominantly by the volume of procedural skill learning regions in ASC, and by bonding regions in NT. Further, bonding regions contributed significantly less to mimicry in ASC than in NT, while the contribution of learning regions was not different across groups. These findings suggest that associating mimicry with skill learning, rather than social bonding, may partially explain observed communication difficulties in ASC.
EDS Assisted Phase Differentiation in Orientation Imaging Microscopy (2006)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Aristotle, Galileo and the Leaning Towers of Science (1936)

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Outcome after cytoreductive nephrectomy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma is predicted by fractional percentage of tumour volume removed (2007)

For patients with (M+)RCC, overall survival is limited, but can be extended by cytoreductive nephrectomy. The FPTV expected to be removed is a simple and available method to counsel patients regarding the benefits of surgical intervention.
Factors Affecting the Response to Inhaled Nitric Oxide Therapy in Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn Infants (2004)

Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn infant (PPHN), is a clinical syndrome characterized by elevated pulmonary vascular resistance, resulting from reactive vasoconstriction or structural remodeling of the pulmonary vasculature. Although inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) has emerged as a novel selective treatment of PPHN, responses to iNO are variable according to the etiologies or the clinical situation. A retrospective chart review of 51 newborn infants with PPHN and treated with iNO, was undertaken to evaluate the factors affecting response to iNO. Response to iNO was defined as a reduction in the oxygenation index (OI) of more than 20%, or disappearance of the difference in oxygen saturation between preductal and postductal circulation after iNO therapy. The patients were divided into two groups; the responder group and the non- responder group. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) was more commonly associated with PPHN in the responder group than in the non-responder group (p < 0.05), while there were many more patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) in the non-responder group than in the responder group (p < 0.05). Infants with meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) were similar in both of the two groups. Initial OI, initial mean airway pressure (MAP), and initial and peak NO concentration were significantly lower in the responder group compared to the non-responder group (p < 0.05). Rapid response (response to iNO within the first hour) was shown in 74% of the responder group and 33% of the nonresponder group (p < 0.05). There was no significant differences in the initial chest radiographic findings, such as normal, focal or bilateral diffuse infiltration, with the exception of CDH, between each group. Lower initial OI, lower initial MAP and significant response within the first hour were shown to be favourable factors in response to iNO therapy. Patients with RDS associated with PPHN responded much better to iNO than those with other diseases.
Enyne Metathesis—Oxidation Sequence for the Synthesis of 2‐Phosphono Pyrroles: Proof of the “Yne‐then‐Ene” Pathway. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.