gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lung Function Study of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients -Chapter l. Studies on the Ordinary Spirometry of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients, Chapter 2 Studies on the Bronchospirometry of the Preoperative Pulmonary Tuberculosis Cases (1973)

174 cases with pulmonary tuberculosis were examined Vital Capacity (VC), Forced Expiratory Volume in 1st and 3rd second (FEV 1 & 3), Maximal Breathing Capacity (MBC), Oxygen Consumption (0. cons.), Air Velocity Index (AVI) , and Minute Ventilation (MV). 127 cases of 174 were male and remainder were female. 171 cases had cavitary lesion, and they were divided in to three groups slight, moderate and marked group regarding the extent of destructions.
Stereoselectivity of chloroperoxidase-dependent halogenation (1983)

The stereoselectivity of chloroperoxidase halogenation of four substrates has been examined. Chloroperoxidase catalyzes the bromination, but not chlorination, of racemic 2-exo-methylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2-endo-carboxylic acid (to the delta-lactone) and racemic bicyclo-[3.2.0]hept-2-en-6-one (to the 2-exo-bromo-3-endo-hydroxy-bromohydrin). These products are obtained in near quantitative yield and are racemic. The circumstances of the bromination strongly suggest that halogenation does not occur at the active site but rather by chloroperoxidase-catalyzed formation of Br2 and its release into solution. The inability of chloroperoxidase to halogenate these two alkenes at its active site most probably derives from a steric exclusion from the active site. The stereoselectivity of two additional substrates that undergo active site chlorination was determined. Methionine is quantitatively converted to a 50:50 ratio of the two methionine sulfoxide diastereomers. 2-Methyl-4-propylcyclopentane-1,3-dione is quantitatively chlorinated to 2-chloro-2-methyl-4-propylcyclopentane-1,3-dione. On the basis of optical rotation and proton nuclear magnetic resonance, this product is present as a 40:60 ratio of the racemic diastereomers. It is concluded that active site chlorination by chloroperoxidase proceeds without appreciable stereoselectivity.
An Experimental Study on the Mixing Phenomena between the Gas Constituents by Laminar Oscillating Flow (1995)

Several researchers have measured the effective diffusivity, which represents the oscillation induced mixing, the enhanced diffusion, in binary diffusion system from the cross-sectional and time averaged concentration at two axial locations within a circular tube. Because of this measurement technique it is assumed that the effective diffusivity is not the function of the axial position. The present study has been performed with two objectives. The first one is to measure the effective diffusivity from the instantaneous axial distribution of cross-sectional averaged concentration. Concentration measurements are done using the Schlieren interferometer with the high speed CCD camera system, which causes to adopt a rectangular tube instead of a circular one. The second objective is to visualize the mixing processes between gas constituents by the same apparatus. As the results of this research, it is found that the effective diffusivity generally depends on the axial position and violent mixing due to oscillatory flow occurs during the initial period of the transient state of the oscillation.
Reactive Oxygen Species, Ki-Ras, and Mitochondrial Superoxide Dismutase Cooperate in Nerve Growth Factor-induced Differentiation of PC12 Cells (2010)

Nerve growth factor (NGF) induces terminal differentiation in PC12, a pheochromocytoma-derived cell line. NGF binds a specific receptor on the membrane and triggers the ERK1/2 cascade, which stimulates the transcription of neural genes. We report that NGF significantly affects mitochondrial metabolism by reducing mitochondrial-produced reactive oxygen species and stabilizing the electrochemical gradient. This is accomplished by stimulation of mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) both transcriptionally and post-transcriptionally via Ki-Ras and ERK1/2. Activation of MnSOD is essential for completion of neuronal differentiation because 1) expression of MnSOD induces the transcription of a neuronal specific promoter and neurite outgrowth, 2) silencing of endogenous MnSOD by small interfering RNA significantly reduces transcription induced by NGF, and 3) a Ki-Ras mutant in the polylysine stretch at the COOH terminus, unable to stimulate MnSOD, fails to induce complete differentiation. Overexpression of MnSOD restores differentiation in cells expressing this mutant. ERK1/2 is also downstream of MnSOD, as a SOD mimetic drug stimulates ERK1/2 with the same kinetics of NGF and silencing of MnSOD reduces NGF-induced late ERK1/2. Long term activation of ERK1/2 by NGF requires SOD activation, low levels of hydrogen peroxide, and the integrity of the microtubular cytoskeleton. Confocal immunofluorescence shows that NGF stimulates the formation of a complex containing membrane-bound Ki-Ras, microtubules, and mitochondria. We propose that active NGF receptor induces association of mitochondria with plasma membrane. Local activation of ERK1/2 by Ki-Ras stimulates mitochondrial SOD, which reduces reactive oxygen species and produces H(2)O(2). Low and spatially restricted levels of H(2)O(2) induce and maintain long term ERK1/2 activity and ultimately differentiation of PC12 cells.
An Introduction to Laser Spectroscopy (1996)

Analytical chemists interpret laser spectroscopy differently from physicists, and this book, based on a 1994 Summer School at the University of East Anglia, is written by and for the former. Topics such as optical pumping, sub-Doppler techniques, laser cooling and trapping and the effects of high intensity laser fields are not covered and the emphasis is strongly on the analytical applications.
Memory Performance in Holocaust Survivors With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (2002)

Markedly poorer explicit but not implicit memory was found in Holocaust survivors with PTSD, which may be a consequence of or a risk factor for chronic PTSD. Accelerated memory decline is one of several explanations for the significantly greater association of older age with poorer explicit memory in survivors with PTSD, which, if present, could increase the cognitive burden of this illness with aging.
Comparing discriminating transformations and SVM for learning during multimedia retrieval (2001)

On-line learning or techniques for multimedia information retrieval have been explored from many different points of view: from early heuristic-based feature weighting schemes to recently proposed optimal learning algorithms, probabilistic/Bayesian learning algorithms, boosting techniques, discriminant-EM algorithm, support vector machine, and other kernel-based learning machines. Based on a careful examination of the problem and a detailed analysis of the existing solutions, we propose several discriminating transforms as the learning machine during the user interaction. We argue that relevance feedback problem is best represented as a biased classification problem, or a (1+x)-class classification problem. Biased Discriminant Transform (BDT) is shown to outperform all the others. A kernel form is proposed to capture non-linearity in the class distributions.
Role of Electrolyte Anions in the Na–O<sub>2</sub> Battery: Implications for NaO<sub>2</sub> Solvation and the Stability of the Sodium Solid Electrolyte Interphase in Glyme Ethers (2017)

International audience
Body motion capture for activity monitoring. (2004)

CEA-LETI has developed a 3D orientation tracker based on accelerometers and magnetometers. Owing to an efficient data fusion algorithm, the tracker provides accurate 3D orientation angles. The tracker is small enough to be used as a wearable device and therefore is an interesting tool for body motion capture. Investigations are being performed to analyse how activity of a person can be monitored from body motion measured with the tracker. In the domain of healthcare monitoring, many applications are envisaged such as rehabilitation with 3D body motion capture, elderly dependency evaluation, context acquisition for physiological monitoring.
Heterogeneity, functional specialization and differentiation of monocyte‐derived dendritic cells (2016)

Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells that consist of functionally and phenotypically heterogeneous populations. Monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs) are a DC subset that have been attracting increasing interest owing to their potent influence on adaptive immune function and their rapid accumulation upon an inflammatory stimulus. Although early studies on moDCs mainly addressed infection, their emergence and function in other settings such as autoimmunity and allogeneic organ transplantation are now being increasingly appreciated. In this review, the relationship between murine monocyte subsets and the moDCs that arise from them is discussed. Their role in initiating and modulating innate and adaptive immune responses in various pathophysiological scenarios is also explored, including how they may separate their labour from conventional DCs. How these findings might relate to their human counterparts is also discussed. Overall, monocytes and moDCs exhibit complex and heterogeneous behaviours that are critical in responses against microbial invasion, autoimmunity and allograft rejection.
Benefits of Short- and Long-Term, Maximally Tolerated Diltiazem Therapy for Chronic Effort Angina in Patients Receiving Long-Term Nitrates (1988)

The safety and efficacy of maximally tolerated doses of oral diltiazem were evaluated in both short-term (Phase I, 14 weeks) and long-term (Phase II, 46 weeks) periods in 15 patients with chronic, stable effort angina who were taking long-acting nitrates throughout the study. Both phases were designed to compare the effects of diltiazem against placebo in a double-blind, crossover fashion. Thirteen of the 15 patients tolerated the maximum diltiazem dosage (360 mg/day). No patient had intolerable aggravation of angina after an abrupt discontinuation of diltiazem encountered in the double-blind segments. Serial treadmill testing documented the increase in time to onset of angina, time to appearance of 1-mm ST segment change, and total exercise duration in both double-blind phases with diltiazem plus nitrate compared with placebo plus nitrate (P <.05). Mean ST segment change was significantly reduced, especially during the chronic (Phase II) diltiazem plus nitrate evaluation, as was the heart rate-systolic pressure double product (attributed to lowered heart rates). The number of patients completing the treadmill without angina increased from baseline (20%) to Phase I (60%) and again at Phase II (87%). This study documents the value of high-dose diltiazem when added to maximally tolerated oral nitrates in reducing angina and improving treadmill performance as shown by reduced rate pressure products in the face of increased levels of external work.
Optimal Placement of Piezoelectric Actuators for Active Structural Acoustic Control (1994)

This paper presents a general formulation of the optimization problem for the place ment and sizing of piezoelectric actuators in adaptive LMS control systems. The selection of objec tive function, design variables and physical constraints are separately discussed. A case study for the optimal placement of multiple fixed size piezoelectric actuators in sound radiation control is pre sented. A solution strategy is proposed to calculate the applied voltages to piezoelectric actuators with the use of linear quadratic optimal control theory which is to simulate the LMS feedforward control algorithm. The location of piezoelectric actuators is then determined by minimizing the ob jective function, which is defined as the sum of the mean square sound pressure measured by a number of error microphones. The optimal location of piezoelectric actuators for sound radiation control is determined and shown to be dependent on the excitation frequency. Particularly, the opti mal placement of multiple piezoelectric actuators for on-resonance and off-resonance excitation is presented. The results show that the optimally located piezoelectric actuators perform far better sound radiation control than arbitrarily selected ones. This work leads to a design methodology for adaptive or intelligent material systems with highly integrated actuators and sensors. The optimiza tion procedure also leads to a reduction in the number of control transducers.
Multimode Piezoelectric Shunt Damping With a Highly Resonant Impedance (2004)

This brief paper proposes a novel impedance structure for piezoelectric shunt damping. The impedance has a highly resonant nature and can be considered as a feedback controller applying a high gain at each resonance frequency of the base structure. Closed-loop stability of the system is proved and robustness properties of the associated controller are studied. Experimental results, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed procedure are presented.
A Doubly Alkynylpyrene‐Threaded [4]Rotaxane That Exhibits Strong Circularly Polarized Luminescence from the Spatially Restricted Excimer (2014)

The Sonogashira coupling of γ-CD-encapsulated alkynylpyrenes with terphenyl-type stopper molecules gave a doubly alkynylpyrene-threaded [4]rotaxane. The rotaxane showed only excimer emission, with a high fluorescence quantum yield of Φf =0.37, arising from the spatially restricted excimer within the cavity of the γ-CD. The excimer emission suffered little from self-quenching up to a concentration of 1.5×10(-5) M and was circularly polarized with a high glum value of -1.5×10(-2) . The strong circularly polarized luminescence may result from the two stacked pyrenes existing in the rotaxane in an asymmetrically twisted manner.
Preoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: therapeutic impact in a general population of patients needing a cholecystectomy. (1997)

In a continuous series of patients needing a cholecystectomy, preoperative ERCP was performed on the basis of suspected CBD disorders. It allows CBD stone detection and extraction in almost 10% of the patients and avoids peroperative CBD exploration, with a very low rate of retained stones after surgery. The association of preoperative ERCP with subsequent laparoscopic cholecystectomy (when feasible) offers the patient a quick recovery and a short hospital stay.
Rats Susceptible to Virus-Induced Asthma Have a Persistent Virus-Induced Change in the Predominant Pulmonary Form of the NF-κB Inhibitor IκBα (2010)

Weanling Brown Norway (BN) rats are susceptible to persistent steroid-responsive pulmonary abnormalities following resolution of an acute respiratory virus infection. In contrast, Fischer 344 (F344) rats recover without complications. Previous studies determined that NF-κB activation and subunit composition were markedly different between these 2 rat strains. This study examined whether viral infection also resulted in altered pulmonary expression of IκBα and IκBβ, 2 inhibitory regulators of NF-κB. Western blot analyses of total pulmonary protein extracted from BN and F344 rats at 7, 10, and 14 days after inoculation (n = 5 per group) did not reveal virus-induced differences in IκBβ expression. In contrast, a lower molecular weight form of IκBα appeared in the BN rats at 14 days postinfection, and it was still present at 21 days after infection (n = 5 per group). The change in IκBα expression observed in the susceptible BN but not the resistant F344 animals occurs when the epithelium is proliferating during the repair phase, and it correlates with the development of the persistent virus-induced airway inflammation and pulmonary functional abnormalities. These results further implicate differential regulation of NF-κB in the pathogenesis of virus-induced asthma.
Prospect Analysis of the Coupling System of Low-Quality Biomass Treatment and Microalgae Biofuel Production (2011)

Nowadays human beings face the crisis and challenge of environmental pollution and energy shortage. The green treatment of low-quality biomass (such as wastewater, waste gas and solid waste), and development of microalgae biofuel are hot spots of pollution treatment and new energy development respectively. Base on the coupling system of microalgae cultivation by slurry (the product of anaerobic digestion of low-quality biomass) and biofuel production by microalgae, it is most likely to achieve an organic integration of the two hot spots, obtaining alternative liquid fuel and realizing slurry purification finally. In addition, there are added benefits can be obtained from the system, such as some high value-added products, animal feed, organic fertilizer, high-absorption materials, and so on. In this paper, combining the latest research advances of our research group, we made a brief analysis of the feasibility of microalgae cultivation by slurry, the characteristics of microalgae cultivation and lipid accumulation, the refining technologies of high calorific value fuel from microalgae, etc., and prospected the coupling system of low-quality biomass treatment and microalgae biofuel production.
Optical studies of thermal cycling and hysteresis effects in elastic order-disorder phase transformations. I. Pure alkali-metal cyanide crystals (1988)

The order-disorder transformations in NaCN, KCN, and RbCN are studied under thermal cycling around ${T}_{c}$ by monitoring the change in optical transmission produced by the light-scattering properties of their multidomain ordered structures. The phase transitions in both NaCN (large-hysteresis cubic \ensuremath{\leftrightarrows} orthorhombic) and RbCN (hysteresis-free cubic \ensuremath{\leftrightarrows} monoclinic) remain basically unchanged under multiple thermal recycling. In contrast to these persistently ferroelastic (NaCN) and antiferroelastic (RbCN) ordering systems, KCN acts as a ``bistable'' borderline case at its critical temperature ${T}_{c}$\ensuremath{\approxeq}168 K. After passing a large-hysteresis cubic \ensuremath{\leftrightarrows} orthorhombic transition in its first thermal cycle, a ``memory'' of it (preserved up to room temperature) causes, in all subsequent thermal cycles, hysteresis-free cubic \ensuremath{\leftrightarrows} monoclinic transitions at nearly the same ${T}_{c}$. When cooling beyond ${T}_{c}$, a gradual monoclinic \ensuremath{\rightarrow} orthorhombic transition occurs around 155 K, which, under subsequent heating, returns with large (\ensuremath{\sim}15 K) hysteresis back to the cubic structure. The well-correlated optical- and dielectric-constant changes of these transitions in KCN under various thermal-cycling conditions are presented and discussed.
Characterization of an Exo-B-1,3-Glucanase Produced by Pichia anomala Strain K, Antagonist of Botrytis cinerea on Apples (1997)

peer reviewed
The ADT proximity and text proximity problems (2003)

Practical text proximity problems lead to the abstract data type proximity that handles close points in the plane. Different variants and implementations of proximity are proposed and tight-complexity bounds based on information theory are derived. This problem is related to evaluating Boolean queries in large text retrieval (as in Web search engines) and to the "Sorting X+Y" problem.
Microdissection-Based Genotyping Assists Discrimination of Reactive Gliosis From Glioma (2004)

We used molecular anatomic pathology to determine the mutational status (loss of heterozygosity [LOH]) to make the distinction between reactive gliosis and glial neoplasia. LOH has been shown to be absent in reactive states and present in neoplastic cellular proliferations. Three groups of patient specimens were analyzed: group 1, reactive gliosis (n = 15); group 2, gliomas of varying histologic type and grade (n = 54); group 3, diagnostically challenging reactive gliosis vs glioma (n = 16). No group 1 cases (0/15 [0%]) showed allelic loss, whereas all high-grade glial neoplasms, a subset of group 2 (35/35 [100%]) manifested at least 1 allelic loss alteration, with most cases (33/35 [94%]) displaying 2 or more such changes. During a look forward at the group 3 patients, clinical history clarified the problematic diagnosis in a subset of 11 patients: 8 (73%) of 11 clinical outcomes were predicted correctly by our analysis. The molecular anatomic pathology approach outlined herein is designed for minute, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens, which are encountered in everyday surgical pathology practice. Molecular anatomic pathology opens the possibilities of molecular analysis to everyday pathology practice.
Aspects of Disc Brake Judder (2003)

Brake judder is a braking induced, forced vibration occurring in different types of vehicles. The judder frequency is directly proportional to the revolution speed of the wheel and therefore also to the velocity of the vehicle. The driver experiences judder as vibrations in the steering wheel, brake pedal and floor. In the higher frequency range, the structural vibrations are accompanied by a sound. Brake judder primarily affects the comfort but could, when confronting an inexperienced driver for the first time, lead to faulty reactions and reduced driving safety. Furthermore, a specific type of judder, so-called hot judder, is related to disc cracking. There are numerous publications available dealing with high frequency vibrations, such as brake squeal, including mathematical models for analysis and simulation. However, low frequency phenomena, such as brake judder and groan, have received much less attention. There is a growing interest from the automotive industry concerning brake judder. Even though few companies would admit that they have the problem, it is not unusual to meet people who have experienced the problem in their own passenger cars. Much of the knowledge concerning brake judder remains within the companies. Hence, very few people have the full picture. The purpose of the present paper is to give an overview of the brake judder problem.
Intermediate for Flame-Resistant Polymers - Reactions of Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium Chloride (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIntermediate for Flame-Resistant Polymers - Reactions of Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium Chloride Wilson A. Reeves and John D. GuthrieCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1956, 48, 1, 64–67Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1956https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50553a021RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views498Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (500 KB) Get e-Alerts