gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cholesterol, Atherosclerosis, Ischemic Heart Disease, and Stroke (1970)

Prospective epidemiologic studies have uniformly demonstrated that a high serum cholesterol level is predictive of increased risk of myocardial infarction or sudden death, but a relationship between cholesterol level and cerebral stroke has not been consistently found. Lowering of serum cholesterol concentrations may retard atherogenesis and delay some of its complications. A controlled clinical trial of a cholesterol-lowering diet in older men has resulted in a decreased combined incidence of myocardial infarction, sudden death, and cerebral infarction; the diet was more effective if started before age 66. Even though efforts to lower plasma cholesterol by pharmacologic inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis have yielded discouraging results, there are sound reasons to attempt a new approach by inhibition of hepatic prenyl synthetase, the enzyme that catalyzes synthesis of farnesyl pyrophosphate.
A 3Gb/s 8b single-ended transceiver for 4-drop DRAM interface with digital calibration of equalization skew and offset coefficients (2005)

A 3Gbit/s/pin 8b parallel 4-drop single-ended DRAM transceiver is implemented in a 0.25 /spl mu/m CMOS process. Digital calibrations are performed for equalization and compensation of data skew and offset voltage. A continuously active on-die termination is used to reduce reflections. A phase detector is proposed for the digital DLL to achieve the S/H time of 10ps.
Apple (2015)

Abstract Apple Inc. is an American multinational company, established in 1976 by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Ronald Wayne, that designs and markets consumer electronics, software, and personal computers. The company's products and services categories are: Macintosh computers, iPod , iPhone , iPad , iOS , iTunes , and iCloud . In 2013, it was considered the most valuable company in the US market and the most valuable brand in the world. Apple has established a unique reputation in the consumer electronics industry, with a customer base that is devoted to the company and its brand.
THE RANDOM SIGNALS SATISFYING THE PROPERTIES OF THE GAUSSIAN WHITE NOISE (2005)

The random signals de?ned as sums of the single frequency sinusoidal signals with random amplitudes and random phases or equivalently sums of functions obtained by adding a Sine and a Cosine function with random amplitudes, are used in the double randomization method for the Monte Carlo solution of the turbulent systems. We show that these random signals can be used for studying the properties of the Johnson noise by proving that constant multiples of these signals with uniformly distributed frequencies in a ?xed frequency band satisfy the properties of the Gaussian white noise.
Preparation of rose fragrance microcapsules by in-situ polymerization (2003)

Tests were conducted for the preparation of microcapsulated rose fragrance using urea-formaldehyde resin as coating material by in-situ polymerization method.Process conditions as well as factors that affect the degree of microcapsulation,particle size distribution and structure of microcapsules were examined.Optimal conditions can be summarized as:ratio of coating material is 9 % of the total weight of the microcapsules;NH4Cl is to be used as catalyst; acidification time is 4 h;end point pH value is 15;reaction temperature is 60 ℃～70 ℃;reaction time 2 h.The product is well microcapsulated free flowing particles with mean particle diameter of less than 35 μm?
Keto-Enol Tautomerism in β-Dicarbonyls Studied by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.<sup>1</sup> I. Proton Chemical Shifts and Equilibrium Constants of Pure Compounds (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKeto-Enol Tautomerism in β-Dicarbonyls Studied by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.1 I. Proton Chemical Shifts and Equilibrium Constants of Pure CompoundsJane L. Burdett and Max T. RogersCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1964, 86, 11, 2105–2109Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01065a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01065a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5517Altmetric-Citations312LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Management of Quality (1990)

The trend towards incorporating Quality Systems in projects is examined using case studies where Quality Management has been applied with costs given for projects that have been completed and an appraisal made of the resultant benefits.
Genomic footprinting of the<i>hsp70</i>and histone H3 promoters in<i>Drosophila</i>embryos reveals novel protein-DNA interactions (1995)

The transcriptional potential of the hsp70 heat shock gene promoter is established prior to induction by stress. It has been shown previously that the TBP subunit of TFIID is associated with the TATA element and that RNA polymerase II is paused downstream from the transcription start site. In order to identify new interactions involved in establishing this potentiated state, a detailed analysis of the molecular architecture of a single copy of the hsp70 promoter was performed. A suitably marked promoter was stably integrated using P-element-mediated transformation so as to overcome any ambiguity that might be associated with analyzing the five copies of the endogenous gene. Genomic footprinting using DNase I revealed two previously unidentified interactions. First, the GAGA element located at -120 is protected by protein. Secondly, the pattern of DNase I cleavage in the vicinity of the transcription start is found to bear significant similarity to the pattern associated with binding of purified TFIID. Noting that purified GAGA factor and TFIID interact similarly with the hsp70 and H3 promoters, the architecture of the endogenous H3 promoter was analyzed to determine what interactions might be needed to establish a potentiated state containing a paused polymerase. Despite the detection of TFIID and GAGA on the H3 promoter, no paused polymerase is evident. In addition, no proteins appear to interact with the transcription start. These results suggest that the GAGA factor and TFIID are not sufficient to establish a potentiated state containing paused polymerase and that TFIID interactions downstream from the TATA element could be important for pausing.
Resumption strategies for interrupted programming tasks (2009)

Interruptions are a daily reality for professional programmers. Unfortunately, the strategies programmers use to recover lost knowledge and resume work have not yet been well studied. In this paper, we perform exploratory analysis on 10,000 recorded programming sessions of 85 programmers to understand the variety of strategies used by programmers for resuming programming tasks. In our study, we find that only 10% of the programming sessions have coding activity start in less than a minute, only 7% of the programming sessions involve no navigation to other locations prior to editing, and find evidence of programmers seeking other sources of task context during task resumption. Based on the analysis, we suggest how task resumption might be better supported in future development tools.
Design and implementation of a hybrid control strategy (1999)

Hybrid controllers for a double-tank system and a heating/ventilation process have been designed and implemented. Both simulations and real experiments are presented. It is shown that a hybrid controller consisting of a time-optimal controller combined with a PID controller gives very good performance. The controller is easy to implement. It gives, in one of its forms, guaranteed closed loop stability.
BARD1 Expression Predicts Outcome in Colon Cancer (2011)

Taken together, this is the first report to suggest that BARD1 regulation is an important pathway in colon cancer and that the BARD1 full-length protein may be a useful marker to improve risk stratification in colon cancer patients.
Vehicle location by a signal attenuation method (1968)

A method of vehicle location is discussed in which the attenuation of the signal from a mobile transmitter is measured. A test system and procedure for obtaining data is described. A series of curves are developed which specify the anticipated error for a four-station grid. The signal strength measurements could be very tedious and time consuming, but a system was devised that makes it possible to automate the procedure. This system, called the signal amplitude sampler and totalization unit (SASTU), is fully described.
Severe hypoxemia during veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: exploring the limits of extracorporeal respiratory support (2014)

Therefore, based on the pathophysiology of hypoxemia during veno-venous extracorporeal oxygenation support, we propose a stepwise approach to help guide specific interventions.
A Comprehensive Real-Time Traffic Map for Geographic Routing in VANETs (2017)

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) have attracted a lot of attention during the last decade. VANETs can not only improve driving safety, but also convenience, and support most future Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). Due to the highly dynamic network topology of VANETs, many geographic routing protocols have been proposed and use real-time traffic information as an important metric to select a reliable forwarding path. However, most of the existing works do not describe how to gather real-time traffic. They either assume this information is already available, or can query an existing traffic center. Few studies have noticed this issue but the proposed solutions only consider a small region. In this paper, we propose a Comprehensive Real-Time Traffic Map (CRT Map) to collect wide-ranging real-time traffic information with low overhead. In the design of a CRT Map, the concept of Crowdsensing is adopted. Vehicles cooperatively gather traffic information and share it with each other to construct an overview of the whole road network traffic. In addition, we design a CRT Map Based Routing (CBR), which takes into account the connectivity of consecutive roads in routing decisions. Simulation results show that the CBR can achieve a lower end-to-end delay and a higher packet delivery ratio.
An Efficient Decision Tree Construction for Large Datasets (2007)

In this paper, we propose a new data structure and a new framework of building decision tree classifiers that is especially suitable for large datasets. The most prominent feature of our algorithm is that in order to build a decision tree, only one scan over the entire database is needed. Compared with previous methods, where at each level of the tree one scan over the whole database is made, our algorithm is obviously much more efficient. Moreover, our algorithm provides onetime sort process for numeric attributes, which significantly reduces the sorting cost and hence the whole execution time. The experimental results show that our algorithm outperforms the RainForest algorithm - a well-known and efficient algorithm for decision tree construction - in time dimension. This proves that our algorithm can be applied into large datasets efficiently.
Designing Nanostructured Carbon Xerogels (2011)

As shown in Figure The last step needed to produce carbon gels is carbonization, with the purpose of removing any remaining oxygen and hydrogen groups, yielding a thermally stable nanostructure mainly composed of carbon. This carbonization is usually performed at high temperatures (approximately 600-1000 C) under an inert atmosphere, such as N 2 , He or Ar However, as will be discussed in Section 2.2 of this chapter, it is possible to use other reactive gases in order to modify the chemical composition of carbon gels Precursor solution Gelation Curing Gel Supercritical drying Subcritical drying Freezing drying
Direct evidence that release‐stimulating α7* nicotinic cholinergic receptors are localized on human and rat brain glutamatergic axon terminals (2002)

The existence on glutamatergic nerve endings of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) mediating enhancement of glutamate release has often been suggested but not demonstrated directly. Here, we study the effects of nAChR agonists on [3 H]-d-aspartate ([3 H]-d-ASP) release from synaptosomes superfused in conditions known to prevent indirect effects. Nicotinic receptor agonists, while unable to modify the basal [3 H]-d-ASP release from human neocortex or rat striatal synaptosomes, enhanced the Ca2+ -dependent exocytotic release evoked by K+ (12 mm) depolarization. Their rank order of potency were anatoxin-a > epibatidine > nicotine > ACh (+ atropine). The anatoxin-a effect, both in human and rat synaptosomes, was antagonized by mecamylamine, alpha-bungarotoxin or methyllycaconitine. The basal release of [3 H]ACh from human cortical synaptosomes was increased by (-)-nicotine (EC50 = 1.16 +/- 0.33 microm) or by ACh plus atropine (EC50 = 2.0 +/- 0.04 microm). The effect of ACh plus atropine was insensitive to alpha-bungarotoxin, methyllycaconitine or alpha-conotoxin MII, whereas it was totally antagonized by mecamylamine or dihydro-beta-erythroidine. To conclude, glutamatergic axon terminals in human neocortex and in rat striatum possess alpha7* nicotinic heteroreceptors mediating enhancement of glutamate release. Release-enhancing cholinergic autoreceptors in human neocortex are nAChRs with a pharmacological profile compatible with the alpha4beta2 subunit combination.
Ocular higher-order aberrations features analysis after corneal refractive surgery (2007)

PRK and LASIK may increase ocular higher-order aberrations, but they both have their own features. The difference between the two types of surgery may be correlated with the change of the corneal shape, the conversion of biodynamics, the healing of the corneal cut, and re-structured corneal epithelium and/or the stroma.
Quality Attributes in Mobile Web Application Development (2004)

This paper deals with a quality model for mobile web applications. The paper describes typical challenges in the development of mobile web application and decomposes the challenges into the quality of the ISO 9126 quality standard. This leads to an adjusted ISO model that focuses on those quality features that are important in order to assure the quality of mobile web applications. The proposed model may be used for analyzing the quality factors of mobile web applications, expert evaluation checklists and may be used for quality based content adaptation. Finally, the paper shows that challenges in mobile web application development may be solved by applying quality insurance methods to the development of those applications.
Extracting structured data from invoices. (2018)

Business documents encode a wealth of information in a format tailored to human consumption – i.e. aesthetically disbursed natural language text, graphics and tables. We address the task of extracting key fields (e.g. the amount due on an invoice) from a wide-variety of potentially unseen document formats. In contrast to traditional template driven extraction systems, we introduce a content-driven machine-learning approach which is both robust to noise and generalises to unseen document formats. In a comparison of our approach with alternative invoice extraction systems, we observe an absolute accuracy gain of 20\% across compared fields, and a 25\%–94\% reduction in extraction latency.
Solvothermal One-Step Synthesis of Ni–Al Layered Double Hydroxide/Carbon Nanotube/Reduced Graphene Oxide Sheet Ternary Nanocomposite with Ultrahigh Capacitance for Supercapacitors (2013)

A Ni-Al layered double hydroxide (LDH), mutil-wall carbon nanotube (CNT), and reduced graphene oxide sheet (GNS) ternary nanocomposite electrode material has been developed by a facile one-step ethanol solvothermal method. The obtained LDH/CNT/GNS composite displayed a three-dimensional (3D) architecture with flowerlike Ni-Al LDH/CNT nanocrystallites gradually self-assembled on GNS nanosheets. GNS was used as building blocks to construct 3D nanostructure, and the LDH/CNT nanoflowers in turn separated the two-dimensional (2D) GNS sheets, which preserved the high surface area of GNSs. Furthermore, the generated porous networks with a narrow pore size distribution in the LDH/CNT/GNS composite were also demonstrated by the N2 adsorption/desorption experiment. Such morphology would be favorable to improve the mass transfer and electrochemical action of the electrode. As supercapacitor electrode material, the LDH/CNT/GNS hybrid exhibited excellent electrochemical performance, including ultrahigh specific capacitance (1562 F/g at 5 mA/cm(2)), excellent rate capability, and long-term cycling performance, which could be a promising energy storage/conversion material for supercapacitor application.
Query assurance verification for outsourced multi-dimensional databases (2009)

In data outsourcing model, data owners engage third-party data servers (called publishers) to manage their data and process queries on their behalf. As these publishers may be untrusted or susceptible to attacks, it could produce incorrect query resu
Albert Inhibited (1956)

THERE WAS A TIME, gentle reader, and not so very long ago either, when the lubricant business was very much simpler than it is to-day ; or at least as we understand it to be from our reading of the technical press. Our childlike and trusting mind is often puzzled, by the amount of erudite scientific effort devoted to problems which we, in our happy ignorance, believed to have been solved long before either we or the boffins were born. And if the years have not brought wisdom we have at least acquired a certain low cunning, whereby we usually manage to get by. Alas, this was not so with our well-meaning, bright eyed, clean-souled little friend Albert at the time of which we write.
A prototypic matricellular protein in the tumor microenvironment—Where there's SPARC, there's fire (2008)

Within the tumor microenvironment is a dynamic exchange between cancer cells and their surrounding stroma. This complex biologic system requires carefully designed models to understand the role of its stromal components in carcinogenesis, tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis. Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is a prototypic matricellular protein at the center of this exchange. Two decades of basic science research combined with recent whole genome analyses indicate that SPARC is an important player in vertebrate evolution, normal development, and maintenance of normal tissue homeostasis. Therefore, SPARC might also play an important role in the tumor microenvironment. Clinical evidence indicates that SPARC expression correlates with tumor progression, but tightly controlled animal models have shown that the role of SPARC in tumor progression is dependent on tissue and tumor cell type. In this Prospectus, we review the current understanding of SPARC in the tumor microenvironment and discuss current and future investigations of SPARC and tumor-stromal interactions that require careful consideration of growth factors, cytokines, proteinases, and angiotropic factors that might influence SPARC activity and tumor progression.
The First Fluorenyl <i>ansa</i>-Yttrocene Complexes:  Synthesis, Structures, and Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate (1999)

A novel Cs-symmetric yttrocene complex, ansa-Me2Si(η3-Flu)(η5-Cp‘)YCl2Li(OEt2)2 (3; Flu = C13H8, fluorenyl; Cp‘ = C5Me4), has been prepared via a salt metathesis reaction from anhydrous YCl3 and the dilithium salt of the ligand ansa-Me2Si(FluH)(Cp‘H). Treatment of 3 with NaN(SiMe3)2 gave the corresponding bis(trimethylsilyl)amide derivative ansa-Me2Si(Flu)(η5-Cp‘)YN(SiMe3)2 (4). The X-ray structure of 3 reveals unusual η3-fluorenyl coordination to the Y3+ ion. In 4, the Y−Flu bonding being partially slipped toward η3 from η5, π-dative bonding nature in the Y−N bond and a direct interaction of the Y atom with one methyl group of the N(SiMe3)2 fragment are present. Both compounds constitute the first examples of structurally characterized fluorenyl ansa-yttrocenes. The neutral compound 4 is active for the polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) in toluene, affording iso-rich poly(MMA)s.
The Mineralocorticoid Receptor: Insights into its Molecular and (Patho)Physiological Biology (2007)

The last decade has witnessed tremendous progress in the understanding of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), its molecular mechanism of action, and its implications for physiology and pathophysiology. After the initial cloning of MR, and identification of its gene structure and promoters, it now appears as a major actor in protein-protein interaction networks. The role of transcriptional coregulators and the determinants of mineralocorticoid selectivity have been elucidated. Targeted oncogenesis and transgenic mouse models have identified unexpected sites of MR expression and novel roles for MR in non-epithelial tissues. These experimental approaches have contributed to the generation of new cell lines for the characterization of aldosterone signaling pathways, and have also facilitated a better understanding of MR physiology in the heart, vasculature, brain and adipose tissues. This review describes the structure, molecular mechanism of action and transcriptional regulation mediated by MR, emphasizing the most recent developments at the cellular and molecular level. Finally, through insights obtained from mouse models and human disease, its role in physiology and pathophysiology will be reviewed. Future investigations of MR biology should lead to new therapeutic strategies, modulating cell-specific actions in the management of cardiovascular disease, neuroprotection, mineralocorticoid resistance, and metabolic disorders.
Studies on the Mechanisms of the Monofluoroacetanilides Poisoning to Mammals Part V (1966)

先報につづき2, 3温血動物の肝臓におけるmonofluoroacetanilidesの酵素的加水分解およびラットにおける本酵素の体内分布を検討し次の諸点を明らかにした. (1) Monofluoroacetanilides加水分解酵素はマウスのほか,ニワトリ,ウシおよびラットの肝にもそれぞれ多量の存在を認めた.本酵素は温血動物の肝臓には普遍的に分布しているものと思われる. (2) これら動物の肝ホモジネートにより, monofluoroacetanilidesのみならず,その他のmonohaloacetanilidesもまたよく加水分解されることがわかった.しかしacetanilidesには非常に弱くしか反応しなかった. (3) マウス肝ホモジネートによる酵素的加水分解はMn2+, Co2+, Mg2+およびFe2+の添加により活性が増大した. (4) ラットの各組織を用いての実験で,本酵素は特に肝臓に多く存在し,腎臓がこれに次ぎ,膵臓にもわずかに活性が認められるが,その他には存在しないことがたしかめられた.
Response of Regional Seismicity to the Static Stress Change Produced by the Loma Prieta Earthquake (1992)

The 1989 Loma Prieta, California, earthquake perturbed the static stress field over a large area of central California. The pattern of stress changes on major faults in the region predicted by models of the earthquake's dislocation agrees closely with changes in the regional seismicity rate after the earthquake. The agreement is best for models with low values of the coefficient of friction (0.1 </= micro </= 0.3) on Bay Area faults. Both the stress models and measurements suggest that stresses were increased on the San Andreas fault north of the Loma Prieta rupture, but decreased slightly on the Hayward fault. This relaxation does not warrant lower probability estimates for large earthquakes on the Hayward fault in the next 30 years, however.