gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Shift-register sequences and spread-spectrum communications (2002)

The maximum length linear shift register sequences, called M-sequences, have several properties suggestive of randomness. These "randomness properties" make the M-sequences particularly useful in many applications which are referred to as "spread spectrum", and more specifically "direct sequence spread spectrum". In the context of digital cellular communications, these sequences now form the basis of code division multiple access (CDMA) technology. Several other properties of M-sequences are outlined.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Java resources for computer science instruction (1998)

The goal of this working group was to collect, evaluate, and foster the development of resources to serve as components of both new and revised traditional courses that emphasize object-oriented software development using Java. These courses could, for example, integrate Internet-based distributed programming, concurrency, database programming, graphics and visualization, human interface design and object-oriented development. They could therefore also be suitable as capstone courses in computer science. The focus of the working group was on tools and techniques, including demonstrations, projects, syllabi, and pedagogical patterns. The working group members are coordinating the development of a Web site (sol.pace.edu/iticse98) devoted to sharing such tools and techniques among educators.
The Manufacturing Game: A Formal Approach to Manufacturing Software (1986)

A formal modeling system intended for modeling the flow of parts, tools, information, and material on the factory floor is developed. The models are to be used as part of a generic control system for the factory floor, that is, a control system capable of controlling an arbitrary factory floor making an arbitrary mix of parts. The basic approach is to model a factory floor and process plans as "games" in which 1) there are pieces or, as they will be referred to, entities, 2) entities can be in contact with one aniother, and 3) the moves of the game correspond to changing the pattern of contacts. The game also allows an entity to be designated as a substructure of another entity. This allows a hierarchical decomposition of a model. The approach of the paper is in the spirit of first-order logic in the sense that a formal model is viewed as a structure or instantiation of a quasi first-order logical system.
Evidence for differences in mode of action between two related carbamate insecticides (1966)

Abstract Carbaryl (1‐naphthyl N‐methylcarbamate) and its N ‐acetyl derivative have been compared in respect of toxicity (LD 50 ), rates of kill and anticholinesterase activity in vitro and in vivo , using the honeybee as test organism. Results obtained indicate that carbaryl does not act solely on brain cholinesterase. Alternative suggestions are discussed, together with observations supporting the idea that the N ‐acetyl derivative iS metabolised to a more potent cholinesterase inhibitor.
Endobronchial Actinomycosis with Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Colonization: A Case Report and Literature Review (2002)

Actinomycosis is a chronic granulomatous disease caused by the fungus Actinomyces israelii, and is characterized by suppuration, abscess formation, and eventually the development of multiple drainage sinuses. The number of lesions that mimic actinomycosis of the lung is extensive. We report a case of a 60-year-old women who presented with chronic cough and profuse sputum. The sputum acid-fast stain showed positive (one plus) and the culture yielded nontuberculous mycobacterium. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy revealed an endobronchial tumor with stenotic bronchus. Histologic examination of the biopsy specimen demonstrated Actinomyces infection. There was a clinical response to penicillin therapy.
DNA Methylation Analysis of the Macrosatellite Repeat Associated with FSHD Muscular Dystrophy at Single Nucleotide Level (2014)

Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is one of the most common inherited diseases of the skeletal muscle. It is characterized by asymmetric muscle weakness and variable penetrance. FSHD is linked to a reduction in copy number of the D4Z4 3.3 kb macrosatellite repeat, located in 4q35. This causes the epigenetic de-repression of FSHD candidate genes leading to disease. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism responsible for silencing of FSHD candidate genes in healthy subjects is not fully understood. While a role for DNA methylation has been suggested, so far there is limited information regarding the methylation status of the 325 CpGs contained in each D4Z4 unit. Using a human/rodent monochromosomal hybrid cell line containing a single human chromosome 4, we performed an in depth analysis of DNA methylation for the majority of the CpGs inside D4Z4 at single nucleotide level. We found that D4Z4 is not uniformly methylated and that the level of DNA methylation does not correlate with the density of CpG dinucleotides. Moreover, in several D4Z4 regions characterized by near complete methylation, we found specific unmethylated CpGs. These elements are enriched in transcription factor binding sites that could be involved in muscle-specific D4Z4 activity. Our approach also detected differential methylation among different D4Z4 units, suggesting that the D4Z4 array is a mosaic of euchromatic and heterochromatic domains. Finally, we found that DNA methylation and histone de-acetylation are required to maintain FSHD candidate genes repressed. Taken together, our data underscore new players involved in the epigenetic regulation of the FSHD locus that could be targeted for therapeutic purposes.
Dipolar Electrode in Heart Block (1963)

It was determined that employment of the Newark Beth Israel Hospital (NBIH) intracardiac dipolar electrode for temporary cardiac pacing in preparation of patients for permanent pacemaker implantation or other operation is a dependable and easily performed procedure. The dipolar electrode was found most effective when positioned at any site in the right ventricle where the lowest driving voltage is required. Endocardial contact was not necessary. The optimal distance between electrodes was 1 cm or less, the need thus being obviated for an external indifferent electrode. Endocardial or myocardial damage was not demonstrated. Subsequent major operation was uneventful when cardiac rate and rhythmicity were controlled. Confidence of the patient was markedly improved. Poor-risk patients were well supported. Patients were ambulatory. Formation of clot on the positive pole of a tripolar or coaxial catheter was not demonstrated in animals.
Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems as a technology of power (2002)

This paper explores ERP as an ambivalent technology of power. On the one hand, it may tighten management control by bringing a new level of panoptic visibility to organizational activities; on the other hand, the embedded business model within the ERP may drive empowerment of employees and greater control relaxation through the configuration of new process design. How will the implementation of an ERP system affect organizational control? Our This research seeks to understand how the different forces play out in the context of ERP implementation, and to explore the implications for traditional power distribution in organizations.This paper adopts a mixed qualitative-quantitative methodology in an intensive case study of a restructured hospital in Singapore. A survey of 260 users was administered, supplemented by approximately 27 hours of individual interviews with 23 people. Results reveal that although ERP as a technology can facilitate both empowerment and panoptic control, management has consciously resisted empowerment by working to re-institute the "loss of power" driven by power lost through the ERP implementation. On the other hand, the new panoptic visibility, though partially unintended, appears to have evolved naturally and was readily learnted and applied in the organization. This study is significant in exposing the likelihood of ERP implementation as a technology to that perpetuates management power. At least in the context of the hospital studied, it is yet another means of enlarging the management authority for "total control."
Resins, Natural (2000)

Abstract Class, Jay B. (Hercules Incorporated). Natural resins are solid, amorphous, usually transparent or translucent organic substances that originate from plant secretions. They may be obtained directly as tree or plant exudates, collected by hand or below the ground, or mined from underground deposits. Shellac is refined from insect secretion which coats twigs of a host tree. The resins may be altered by methods of isolation, or modified in production to increase their industrial utility. In this article, the resins are discussed in five groups. Rosin and modified rosins are commercially the most important natural resins, with an annual production of almost a million tons. The isolation of rosin from pine gum, pine stumps, and tall oil is discussed, as well as properties, composition, chemical reactions, and derivatives. Principal uses are described, such as paper sizing, printing inks, and adhesives. The origin, properties, and uses of traditional natural resins are described, with special emphasis on resins that are available in the United States. These are Manila copal, pontianak, dammar, East India resins, gum elemi, sandarac, and mastic. Resins with limited availability, such as kauri, congo, accroides, and amber are also discussed. In a section on natural resins in medicines, flavors, and fragrances origin, composition, and uses are described for balm of Gilead, balsam of Peru, balsam of Tolu, copaiba, gum benzoin, guaiac, myrrh, olibanum (frankincense), and storax. Properties are described for the asphaltites, such as gilsonite, glance pitch, and grahamite, as well as for Utah coal resin. The history, cultivation, production, and composition of shellac are discussed. Uses in protective coatings, pharmaceuticals, candy and fruit coatings, and electrical applications are described.
[Effects of ultraviolet-B radiation on protein structure in PS II using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy]. (2011)

The effects of ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation on protein structure in photosystem II (PS II) was studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results demonstrated that irradiation of the plant with enhanced UV-B caused the change in the structures of protein in PSII. The intensity of alpha-helix, beta-sheet was increased, while the intensity of beta-turn was decreased. The coupling of those structures with surrounding became weaker with UV-B radiation. Otherwise, the UV-B influenced the structure of tyrosine residue and made the polarity of tyrosine decrease. The changes caused by UV-B radiation could alter the combination between Mn cluster and pigments with protein inevitably. It would lead to a series of changes, such as the process of light transmission and conversion, electron transfer and oxygen evolution.
Pharmacological interaction between neuropeptides and morphine or pentazocine in rat spinal cord. (1992)

Male Wistar rats were treated with morphine or pentazocine subcutaneously (sc) and then intrathecally (it) by methionine- or leucine-enkephalin, neurotensin, substance P or cholecystokinin octapeptide 26-33. Then antinociceptive effect was measured during 1 h using tail-immersion test. Leucine-enkephalin potentiated and methionine-enkephalin antagonized morphine or pentazocine analgesia. Neurotensin, substance P and cholecystokinin acted biphasically on morphine induced antinociception. After short elevation, the diminution of antinociceptive effect was seen. Neurotensin diminished but substance P and cholecystokinin elevated analgesic effect elicited by pentazocine. Experimental model employed by us may be useful for preliminary screening of pharmacological interactions between neuropeptides and opioid analgesics on the spinal level. Our data confirm the results of other authors that individual enkephalins have different pharmacological features.
Two forms of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase from<i>Thiobacillus denitrificans</i> (1992)

The autotrophic, sulfur-oxidizing bacterium Thiobacillus denitrificans possesses two forms of the Calvin cycle enzyme ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase / oxygenase (RuBisCO). The form I and form II genes were isolated from a cosmid library using heterologous DNA probes. Restriction enzyme analysis indicated that the genes are within 17 kbp of each other. Other Calvin cycle enzyme genes are not present. Analysis of T. denitrificans RNA indicated that the form I genes for the large and small subunits are co-transcribed with a length of 2800 nucleotides. The transcript for the form II gene is 1900 nucleotides in length.
Adopting FEC for reliable multicasting over Lte networks (2010)

The key feature for the provision of Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Services (MBMS) in Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks is the Multimedia Broadcast over a Single Frequency Network (MBSFN). On the other hand, the use of Forward Error Correction (FEC) in mobile multicast transmission has significant advantages and the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has adopted the application layer FEC in the MBMS standard. In this paper, we investigate the impact of the application layer FEC over the MBSFN delivery method.
Modeling Purchase Behavior at an E-Commerce Web Site: A Task-Completion Approach (2004)

The authors develop and estimate a model of online buying using clickstream data from a Web site that sells cars. The model predicts online buying by linking the purchase decision to what visitors do and to what they are exposed to while at the site. To overcome the challenges of predicting Internet buying, the authors decompose the purchase process into the completion of sequential nominal user tasks and account for heterogeneity across visitors at the county level. Using a sequence of binary probits, the authors model the visitor's decision of whether to complete each task for the first time, given that the visitor has completed the previous tasks at least once. The results indicate that visitors' browsing experiences and navigational behavior predict task completion for all decision levels. The results also indicate that the number of repeat visits per se is not diagnostic of buying propensity and that a site's offering of sophisticated decision aids does not guarantee increased conversion rates. The authors also compare the predictive performance of the task-completion approach with single-stage benchmark models in a holdout sample. The proposed approach provides superior prediction and better identifies likely buyers, especially early in the task sequence. The authors also discuss implications for Web site managers.
Capillary liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry for the quantification of enkephalins in cerebrospinal fluid (2005)

A capillary LC-MS/MS system was evaluated for the absolute quantification of enkephalins in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). On column focusing on a C18 trapping column, in-line with the analytical column, was used for preconcentration. Quantification was performed with a triple quadrupole instrument in the multiple reaction monitoring mode. Weighted linear regression analysis proves to be a good linearity in a dynamic range of two orders of magnitude. The method was validated, yielding calibration curves with correlation coefficients greater than 0.9914. Assay precision and accuracy were evaluated by direct injection of enkephalin fortified artificial CSF (aCSF) samples at three concentration levels. Mean accuracy of analysed concentrations was between 97.63 and 107.6%. LOD and LOQ were assessed at, respectively, 0.5 and 1 pmol/mL. Validation results show that it is feasible, with a capillary LC-MS/MS system, to quantify neuropeptides in the low femtomole range in aCSF. The obtained coefficients of variation, however, indicate that the use of appropriate isotopically labelled internal standards in neuropeptide quantification using narrow bore LC, combined with ESI-MS, may be highly beneficial.
La década de plata: diez años de teatro y poesía en la Residencia de Señoritas de Madrid (1921-1931) (2018)

La Junta para Ampliacion de Estudios abrio en 1915 una Residencia de Senoritas en Madrid como Grupo Femenino de la Residencia de Estudiantes creada en 1910. La Residencia de Senoritas, dirigida por Maria de Maeztu y Whitney, albergaba a las mujeres que acudian a Madrid a ampliar su cultura y, especialmente, a las universitarias, escasas en un primer momento, y muchas de ellas pioneras en el campo de la Pedagogia, la Medicina, las Ciencias o el Arte. La Residencia femenina, al igual que la de Estudiantes, no solo proporcionaba techo y comida, sino elementos formativos como cursos, clases complementarias y, muy especialmente, conferencias, conciertos, veladas poeticas y representaciones teatrales. Nos centramos en el teatro y la poesia para reconstruir el ambiente cultural de la Residencia de Senoritas a partir de 1921 hasta 1931, cuando la Segunda Republica marca una epoca politica y culturalmente distinta.
Enantioselective NiH/Pmrox‐Catalyzed 1,2‐Reduction of α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones (2017)

The enantioselective 1,2-reduction of α,β-unsaturated ketones was achieved using a NiH catalyst in the presence of pinacolborane. This mild process represents a general method to access a wide variety of structurally diverse α-chiral allylic alcohols in excellent yields and enantioselectivity, as well as very high levels of ambidoselectivity for 1,2- over 1,4-reduction. Furthermore, for reactions on a 10 mmol scale, catalyst loadings as low as 0.5 mol % could be employed to deliver product without any detrimental effect on the yield, enantio-, or ambidoselectivity.
Targeted anti-inflammatory therapeutics in asthma and chronic obstructive lung disease (2015)

Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are chronic inflammatory diseases of the airway, although the drivers and site of the inflammation differ between diseases. Asthmatics with a neutrophilic airway inflammation are associated with a poor response to corticosteroids, whereas asthmatics with eosinophilic inflammation respond better to corticosteroids. Biologicals targeting the Th2-eosinophil nexus such as anti-interleukin (IL)-4, anti-IL-5, and anti-IL-13 are ineffective in asthma as a whole but are more effective if patients are selected using cellular (eg, eosinophils) or molecular (eg, periostin) biomarkers. This highlights the key role of individual inflammatory mediators in driving the inflammatory response and for accurate disease phenotyping to allow greater understanding of disease and development of patient-oriented antiasthma therapies. In contrast to asthmatic patients, corticosteroids are relatively ineffective in COPD patients. Despite stratification of COPD patients, the results of targeted therapy have proved disappointing with the exception of recent studies using CXC chemokine receptor (CXCR)2 antagonists. Currently, several other novel mediator-targeted drugs are undergoing clinical trials. As with asthma specifically targeted treatments may be of most benefit in specific COPD patient endotypes. The use of novel inflammatory mediator-targeted therapeutic agents in selected patients with asthma or COPD and the detection of markers of responsiveness or nonresponsiveness will allow a link between clinical phenotypes and pathophysiological mechanisms to be delineated reaching the goal of endotyping patients.
Mechanisms by which cells of the osteoblast lineage control osteoclast formation and activity (1994)

The cells of bone are of two lineages, the osteoblasts arising from pluripotential mesenchymal cells and osteoclasts from hemopoietic precursors of the monocyte-macrophage series. Resorption of bone by the multinucleate osteoclast requires the generation of new osteoclasts and their activation. Many hormones and cytokines are able to promote bone resorption by influencing these processes, but they achieve this without acting directly on osteoclasts. Most evidence indicates that their actions are mediated by cells of the osteoblast lineage. Evidence for hormone- and cytokine-induced activation of osteoclasts requiring the mediation of osteoblasts comes from studies of resorption by isolated osteoclasts. However, consistent evidence for a specific "activating factor" is lacking, and the argument is presented that the isolated osteoclast resorption assays have not been shown convincingly to be assays of osteoclast activation. The view is presented that osteoblast-mediated osteoclast activation is the result of several events in the microenvironment without necessarily requiring the existence of a specific, essential osteoclast activator. On the other hand, a specific promoter of osteoclast differentiation does seem likely to be a product of cells of the stromal/osteoblast series. Evidence in favour of this comes from studies of osteoclast generation in co-cultures of osteoblast/stromal cells with hemopoietic cells. Conflicting views, maintaining that osteoclasts can develop from hemopoietic cells without stromal intervention, might be explained by varying criteria used in identification of osteoclasts. Osteoblastic and osteoclastic renewal, and the interactions of these lineages, are central to the process of bone remodeling.
The specific volume of poly(tetrafluoroethylene) as a function of temperature (30°–372°C) and pressure (0–2000 kg/cm2) (1978)

Experimental data on the specific volume of a 50% crystalline sample of poly(tetrafluorethylene) are presented and discussed. Data points were taken along 22 isotherms spaced 5 to 30°C apart (up to 372°C) in pressure increments of 100 kg/cm2 up to 2000 kg/cm2. In addition to the melting transition and the first-order solid–solid transition near room temperature, a previously reported second-order transition near 140°C at P = 0 is observed. This transition shifts to higher temperatures with increasing pressure by about 0.015°C per kg/cm2. The melt data are discussed in detail. They can be fitted to both the empirical Tait equation, with the usual exponential temperature dependence of the Tait parameter, and to the Simha-Somcynsky hole theory (with the reducing parameters V* = 0.424 cm3/g, T* = 7906°K, and P* = 7100 kg/cm2 = 6960 bars), thus providing a test for this theory at high reduced temperatures near T̃ = 0.08.
Corticosteroid Use after Hospital Discharge among High-risk Adults with Asthma (2004)

Despite the efficacy of corticosteroid therapy, patients hospitalized for asthma exacerbations are at high risk for re-exacerbation and death after discharge. The objective of this prospective cohort study was to evaluate adherence to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and oral corticosteroids (OCS) after discharge in adults hospitalized for asthma exacerbations. ICS and OCS were equipped with electronic medication monitors and were provided at discharge. Adherence (use/prescribed use x 100%) was measured by self-report and canister weight (ICS), pill count (OCS), and electronic medication monitors (both ICS and OCS) 2 weeks after discharge. Poor adherence was defined as adherence of less than 50%. The Asthma Control Questionnaire was used to assess symptom control. Sixty patients were enrolled (age 42.2 years, 98.3% African American, 65.0% female, 46.7% with history of near-fatal asthma). Electronically measured adherence to both corticosteroids dropped to approximately 50% within 7 days of discharge. Poor adherence to both corticosteroids predicted significantly worse symptom control (p = 0.04). Self-report, canister weight, and pill count all had low sensitivity (29.2%, 65.0%, and 7.7%, respectively) for detecting poor adherence. We conclude that adherence to ICS and OCS deteriorates within days of hospital discharge but may not be recognized in a substantial proportion of patients.