gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
S125. THE PREDICTORS AND MEDIATORS OF IMPROVEMENT FOLLOWING VIRTUAL REALITY BASED SOCIAL SKILL TRAINING (2019)

Social impairment is a core feature of schizophrenia. It is present throughout the course of the illness from the premorbid stage and resistant to treatments (Green et al, 2008). Given the important role of social deficits in poor outcome, it is imperative to improve social functioning in individuals with schizophrenia (SZ), but currently available pharmacological and psychosocial interventions have not proven to be very effective. However, recent technological advances have enabled the use of virtual reality (VR) to develop novel psychiatric interventions. We have previously reported preliminary feasibility and acceptability findings from a new VR-based social interaction training program that suggests the benefits of simulating and rehearsing social interactions situations in VR (Adery et al, 2018). In the present study, we evaluated predictors and mediators of the clinical outcome of this VR-intervention. 18 outpatients with schizophrenia completed 10 sessions of the social VR training over the course of 5 weeks. At each session, participants were asked to approach and interact with avatars by making appropriate conversations to accomplish social ‘missions’. There were 12 different missions varying in difficulty levels and social settings (café, bus stop and shop). Symptoms (BPRS, SAPS, SANS), emotion recognition (BLERT and a novel facial emotion recognition task), social functioning (Social Functioning Scale) and cognitive functioning (IQ, CogState) were examined in relation to the VR game performance at pre- and post-treatment. Multivariate regression models with backward elimination method were used to verify significant predictors of the outcome. Lastly, mediation analyses were evaluated using bootstrapping (n=5000) to specify the relationship between predictors and behavioral changes. Negative symptoms, especially alogia, anhedonia and asociality improved significantly by post-assessment. Additionally, attention and emotion recognition improved. Within the VR game, number of incorrect responses declined significantly throughout the training period. In multivariate regression models, baseline and changes in social functioning scores predicted clinical symptom improvement. Furthermore, IQ mediated the relationship between performance change in high-difficulty sessions and improvement in alogia. Alogia improvement mediated the relationship between interpersonal communication changes and VR performance. Simulation-based social skills VR training game improved clinical symptoms, especially negative symptoms, via changes in social functioning and emotion recognition in schizophrenia. These results suggest that VR-based social skills training may be an effective social intervention method. Although the small sample size limits the scope of our conclusion, the results of the present study illustrate the potential power of technology-based psychiatric interventions.
Principles of therapeutics (2002)

Traditional neurology has been dominated by a focus on diagnosis with accurate neuroanatomical localization of the lesion or pathophysiological definition of the underlying disease process. With some notable exceptions, such as changes in the pattern of infectious diseases in the Western world, neurological diseases have not altered much since Gowers (1888) set out the problem. The process of diagnosis, certainly for structurally based conditions, has been immeasurably served by brain imaging, first with X-ray computerized tomography and most recently with magnetic resonance imaging. Pathological study remains a cornerstone of accurate disease classification for some brain disorders, notably tumours, while the pathophysiological basis of many diseases has been elucidated by techniques including molecular biology, clinical neurophysiology and functional brain imaging. However, therapeutics in neurology can be barren, indeed neurology has often suffered the tag of being expert on diagnosis and wanting in treatment. While there can be no doubt that patients seek a label, or explanation, for their problems, treatments, indeed cures, for neurological maladies must be our aim.
Controlled dielectrophoretic assembly of carbon nanotubes using real-time electrical detection (2009)

We investigate dielectrophoretic deposition of single-walled carbon nanotubes using an in situ detection system. Pairs of electrodes are stimulated with a small-amplitude, low-frequency voltage superimposed on a large-amplitude, high-frequency dielectrophoretic voltage. Measuring the magnitude of the current both at dc (Idc) and at the low frequency (Iac) through a digital lock-in technique allows us to determine when a nanotube has made electrical contact and to halt the dielectrophoretic process. Because Idc is determined by nonlinearities in the device current-voltage characteristic, measurement of the Idc/Iac ratio allows the real-time determination of whether the deposited nanotube is metallic or semiconducting.
Maximum Likelihood Identification of Aircraft Stability and Control Derivatives (1974)

Application of a generalized identification method to flight test data analysis. The method is based on the maximum likelihood (ML) criterion and includes output error and equation error methods as special cases. Both the linear and nonlinear models with and without process noise are considered. The flight test data from lateral maneuvers of HL-10 and M2/F3 lifting bodies are processed to determine the lateral stability and control derivatives, instrumentation accuracies, and biases. A comparison is made between the results of the output error method and the ML method for M2/F3 data containing gusts. It is shown that better fits to time histories are obtained by using the ML method. The nonlinear model considered corresponds to the longitudinal equations of the X-22 VTOL aircraft. The data are obtained from a computer simulation and contain both process and measurement noise. The applicability of the ML method to nonlinear models with both process and measurement noise is demonstrated.
Further observations on the fine structure of freeze-cleaved tight junctions (1973)

ABSTRACT The fine structure of freeze-cleaved tight junctions has been examined in high-resolution replicas of rat small intestine. By carefully comparing the changes in the surface topography of the cleavage faces of specimens, which, before freezing, were either prefixed with glutaraldehyde and then infiltrated with glycerol, infiltrated with glycerol alone, or infiltrated with glycerol and then fixed with glutaraldehyde, a more precise definition of the tight-junction architecture at the supramolecular level has become possible. The results of this analysis suggest that the bilayer membranes contributing to a tight junction are held together along interconnected fines of attachment that are arranged in the form of a continuous band-like meshwork. Each line consists of 2 parallel rows, one in each membrane, of closely spaced adhesion particles. The sensitivity of these particles to glutaraldehyde and their cleaving behaviour under different experimental conditions indicate that they represent globular proteins which bridge the width of the adjoining membranes and are linked together in the plane of the intercellular space. Thus, the morphology of a tight-junction seal resembles a modified zipper with the locking units making head to head contact. Similarly, the presence of many open-ended sealing elements between crypt cells has been interpreted as suggesting that the formation of tight-junction seals could resemble a ‘zippering-up’ process. At the juncture of 3 cells the tight-junction meshwork is both modified and extended basally to produce a characteristic pattern. In the central area of such a triple junction, 3 parallel and very closely spaced vertical seals have been resolved, each joining a pair of adjacent plasma membranes. Small, regularly spaced, cross-bridging elements interlink pairs of central seals within the plane of each membrane. At different levels each individual central seal may further give rise to horizontal sealing elements which connect in a ladder-like fashion either to the major network or to vertical elements positioned at greater distances from the central axis. Evidence is presented suggesting that fragments of tight junctions can be internalized and broken down in lysosome-like vesicles.
Recovery of hydrophobicity on RTV coatings in vacuum (2002)

The effects of hydrophobicity loss by water immersion and hydrophobicity recovery in vacuum at elevated temperature were evaluated on two types of RTV insulator coatings by receding angle and DC leakage current measurements. The loss and recovery treatments were repeated five times until signs of material deterioration appeared. An increase of the leakage current was noticed as a result of the deterioration despite the fact that the hydrophobicity recovered well. A possible application of water immersion and vacuum resting is foreseen in the testing of composite and silicone rubber coated insulators.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Testing the importance of each residue in a HLA-B27-binding peptide using monoclonal antibodies. (1994)

When a peptide derived from histone 3.3 was incubated with mouse L cells transfected with HLA-B27, the cells became highly reactive with Ye-2, an anti-HLA-B27 mAb. The critical residues were analyzed by testing analogues in which each of the nine residues in the peptide was consecutively substituted by 19 other amino acids. The conclusions were separately verified using a different HLA-B27-positive cell line. The ability of some of these peptides to bind to HLA-B27 was also assayed by their ability to stabilize HLA-B27 in a mutant cell line which required HLA-B27-binding peptides to express HLA-B27 at 37 degrees C. These experiments showed that in P4, P5, P6, P7, P8, and P9, all 20 different amino acids could be substituted without eliminating the ability of the analogues to bind to HLA-B27. The residues which were responsible for the HLA-B27-peptide complex reacting with the Ye-2 antibody were P8 and P9. The latter might mediate its effect by altering either the surface conformation of the closely associated HLA-B27 heavy chain or the conformation of the peptide itself.
Longitudinal Determination of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen-Specific B Lymphocyte Frequency in Healthy High Responder Adults after Booster Vaccination (2008)

Our results may provide an indirect measure for immunological memory and may help optimize immunization strategies for novel vaccines and generate human monoclonal antibodies.
Wood Hydrolysis. A Continuous Process (1942)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTWood Hydrolysis. A Continuous ProcessRaphael Katzen and Donald F. OthmerCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1942, 34, 3, 314–322Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1942Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1942https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50387a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50387a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views368Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Close Packing and Isostructuralism of Analogous Ph3E‐E′R3 Compounds (R: Me, E, E′: Si, Ge, Sn; R: Ph, E, E′: Si, Ge, Sn, Pb): Crystal Structure of Ph3Ge‐GeMe3. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Neoplastic transformation by TERT in FGF-2-expanded human mesenchymal stem cells (2011)

The low percentage of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in bone marrow necessitates their in vitro expansion prior to clinical use in regenerative medicine. We evaluated the effect of long-term culture of hMSCs on telomere length and transformation capacity by TERT transfection. hMSCs were isolated from the bone marrow aspirates of 24 donors and cultured with fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2). Six cell lines with >500 population doubling levels were considered immortalized. TERT was transfected into two of the six lines for a comparison of telomere length, telomerase activity, differential capacity, colony formation capacity in soft agar and tumorigenicity in immunodeficient (NOD-SCID) mice. hMSC lines exhibited elongated telomeres without the activation of telomerase and retained multi-lineage differentiation potential upon chondrogenic or adipogenic differentiation, while non-immortalized hMSCs showed a marked reduction in telomere length in the differentiation process. Immortalized hMSCs showed anchorage-independence and formed tumors in NOD-SCID mice. Histologically, these tumors consisted of differentiated cells such as fat tissue and cartilage. Two TERT-transfected hMSC lines showed high rates of tumor formation in NOD-SCID mice. These tumors were histologically similar to teratocarcinoma without differentiated cells. These cells may provide a model for the origin of cancer stem cells from adult stem cells, and indicate the possibility that telomerase activation has a major role in the malignant transformation of human stem cells. These data suggest that adult hMSCs have a potential for neoplastic transformation and have implications for the use of hMSCs in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Role of p53 in the responses of human urothelial cells to genotoxic damage (2001)

Loss of p53 function is a feature of many types of malignancy, including transitional-cell carcinoma (TCC), where it is associated with high-grade lesions and the development of muscle-invasive disease. Genotoxic agents used as part of the treatment strategy may contribute to tumour progression by inducing further non-lethal DNA damage in surviving cells. To determine the role of p53 in cellular responses to genotoxic agents, we used cultured normal human urothelial (NHU) cells and NHU cells with disabled p53 function. Mitomycin C and gamma-radiation caused normal cells to undergo an extended period of cell-cycle arrest, followed by complete recovery of proliferative potential. In contrast, cells with disabled p53 function, whether karyotypically normal (HU-E6 cells) or post-crisis with karyotypic abnormalities (HU-E6P cells), underwent extensive apoptosis. Overall survival was dose-dependent, and surviving HU-E6 cells from low-dose treatments showed clonal karyotypic abnormalities. These findings demonstrate that p53 status is a crucial factor in determining the ability of urothelial cells to survive DNA damage and suggest caution in the use of genotoxic treatments for low-grade tumours as our data imply that malignancies that have not yet lost p53 function will show the same "repair-and-recovery" response as normal cells.
TREATMENT OF TRAUMA IN MICE BY He-Ne LASER SCANNING (1989)

We conducted an experiment in curing traumas on 6-week old balb/c mice by He-Ne laser scanning. Square traumas were prepared in 20 mice at bilateral sites 5mm from the dosal median line. The right traumas in 12 animals were radiated by a He-Ne laser with an energy density of 4 Jules/cm2/2days from a day after trauma preparation, The left traumas served as a radiation control group. A slit of light 9mm×1mm was scan-radiated at a velocity of 2 sec./cycle for a width of 10mm using newly-developed He-Ne laser scanning apparatus. The remaining 8 animales (16 wounds) served as a non-radiation control group. The mean length of the shorter sides of the square traumas were 5.5mm in the non-radiated and radiated traumas in the radiated group was 5.8mm and 5.7mm respectively, showing no significant diference at the t-testing. The average time required for the traumas to heal was 10.5 days for The non-radiated group and 10.8 days for the non-radiated traumas in the radiated group. The period required for the radiated traumas to heal was significantly shorter, 6.3 days (p<0.01). We thus confirmed that He-Ne laser scanning radiation is effective for treating traumas.
American Academy of Pain Medicine: Up and to the Right (2004)

As I prepare to take the reins as President of the American Academy of Pain Medicine, I feel a tremendous sense of admiration for those who have served in this position before me. The Academy's former presidents are physicians who are visionaries, pioneers, advocates, and great leaders. They gave unselfishly of themselves through years of service to the Academy. They birthed our field and shaped its identity. Their “patient first” example has made our Academy significant and meaningful to society and to our profession. For 20 years our Academy has enjoyed rich and robust leadership; they have each left large shoes to fill. The task is humbling and exciting.

Through the foresight of our leaders, the Academy today embodies our field. We are the umbrella that covers a diverse and multi-faceted spectrum of our medical specialty. Our efforts have gained us prominence and recognition as the organization that represents the broad view and the entirety of the medical specialty of Pain Medicine. While groups of sub-specialists focus on pain issues from their specialty perspective, we are the place where all the parts become assembled to make …
Hemorrhagic synovial lumbar cyst: a case report and review of the literature. (2002)

The authors report a case of an 81-year-old woman affected by a synovial cyst arising from the left facet joint of L3. The patient presented with severe pain and claudicatio spinalis. Diagnosis was based upon standard x-rays and MRI; the patient was operated on and the histology of the lesion confirmed the pre-operative diagnosis. On MRI images the lesion appeared as a roundish extradural mass arising from the left facet joint of L3, compressing the cauda equina posteriorly, and it appeared with an increased heterogeneous signal, consistent with a high quantity of fluid and hemosiderin within the cyst. A communication between the lesion and the joint space was evident on the MRI sagittal reconstruction. Grossly the cut surface of the mass had a cystic aspect, with some hemorrhagic areas between whitish myxoid tissue. Histologically the lesion was formed by fibrous connective tissue covered by synovium; focal inflammation and hemosiderin-laden macrophages were also present in some areas. At one year follow-up the patient is symptom-free.
Serological Expression Cloning and Immunological Evaluation of MTB48, a Novel<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>Antigen (2001)

Improved diagnostics are needed for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, especially for patients with smear-negative disease. To address this problem, we have screened M. tuberculosis (H37Rv and Erdman strains) genomic expression libraries with pooled sera from patients with extrapulmonary disease and with sera from patients with elevated reactivity with M. tuberculosis lysate. Both serum pools were reactive with clones expressing a recombinant protein referred to here as MTB48. The genomic sequence of the resulting clones was identical to that of the M. tuberculosis H37Rv isolate and showed 99% identity to the Mycobacterium bovis and M. bovis BCG isolate sequences. The genomic location of this sequence is 826 bp upstream of a region containing the esat-6 gene that is deleted in the M. bovis BCG isolate. The mtb48 1,380-bp open reading frame encodes a predicted 47.6-kDa polypeptide with no known function. Southern and Western blot analyses indicate that this sequence is present in a single copy and is conserved in the M. tuberculosis and M. bovis isolates tested but not in other mycobacterial species tested, including Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium avium. In addition, the native protein was detected in the cytoplasm, as was a processed form that was also shed into the medium during culture. Serological analysis of recombinant MTB48 and the M. tuberculosis 38-kDa antigen with a panel of patient and control sera indicates that the inclusion of recombinant MTB48 in a prototype serodiagnostic test increases assay sensitivity for M. tuberculosis infection when it is combined with other known immunodominant antigens, such as the 38-kDa antigen.
Unexpected Urine Drug Testing Results in a Hospice Patient on High-Dose Morphine Therapy (2009)

A 41-year-old African-American woman was admitted to an inpatient hospice facility with advanced, inoperable cervical cancer. The patient was experiencing severe pain secondary to extensive local tumor invasion, osseous pelvic metastases, and sacral decubitus ulcers. Her pain was treated with an escalating-dose schedule of morphine sulfate until satisfactory analgesia was achieved with stable doses of a combination of controlled-release morphine sulfate (MSContin®, Purdue Pharma LP) 400 mg orally every 8 h, and immediate-release morphine sulfate (MSIR®, Purdue Pharma LP), 180 mg orally every 4 h, as needed for breakthrough pain (average 2 to 3 doses per day). The patient experienced several episodes of life-threatening vaginal bleeding for which she was hospitalized for red blood cell transfusions and bilateral hypogastric artery embolizations. She spent the final 12 weeks of her life exclusively on the inpatient hospice unit. Approximately 3 weeks before her death, the patient underwent urine specimen collection and analysis of morphine and metabolites. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of morphine as well as small quantities of hydromorphone.





During the past 2 decades, chronic opioid analgesic therapy (COAT) for chronic nonmalignant pain has gained increasing clinical acceptance. An unintended consequence of more liberal opioid prescription practices has been a dramatic increase in the abuse and diversion of these drugs.

According the most recent National Survey on Drug Abuse and Health (1), the number of new, past-year abusers of prescription opioids was 2 147 000—more than the number of new abusers of any other single class …
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of the Macrolide (‐)‐Aspicilin. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.