gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IMGT® Tools for the Nucleotide Analysis of Immunoglobulin (IG) and T Cell Receptor (TR) V-(D)-J Repertoires, Polymorphisms, and IG Mutations: IMGT/V-QUEST and IMGT/HighV-QUEST for NGS (2012)

IMGT/V-QUEST is the highly customized and integrated online IMGT(®) tool for the standardized analysis of the immunoglobulin (IG) or antibody and T cell receptor (TR) rearranged nucleotide sequences. The analysis of these antigen receptors represents a crucial challenge for the study of the adaptive immune response in normal and disease-related situations. The expressed IG and TR repertoires represent a potential of 10(12) IG and 10(12) TR per individual. This huge diversity results from mechanisms that occur at the DNA level during the IG and TR molecular synthesis. These mechanisms include the combinatorial rearrangements of the variable (V), diversity (D) and joining (J) genes, the N-diversity (deletion and addition at random of nucleotides during the V-(D)-J rearrangement) and, for IG, somatic hypermutations. IMGT/V-QUEST identifies the V, D, J genes and alleles by alignment with the germline IG and TR gene and allele sequences of the IMGT reference directory. The tool describes the V-REGION mutations and identifies the hot spot positions in the closest germline V gene. IMGT/V-QUEST integrates IMGT/JunctionAnalysis for a detailed analysis of the V-J and V-D-J junctions and IMGT/Automat for a complete annotation of the sequences and also provides IMGT Collier de Perles. IMGT/HighV-QUEST, the high-throughput version of IMGT/V-QUEST, implemented to answer the needs of deep sequencing data analysis from Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), allows the analysis of thousands of IG and TR sequences in a single run. IMGT/V-QUEST and IMGT/HighV-QUEST are available at the IMGT(®) Home page, http://www.imgt.org.
Basic evaluation of signal transmission coil in transcutaneous magnetic telemetry system for artificial hearts (2005)

In implantable medical devices such as artificial hearts, it is important to communicate device control and monitoring signals across the skin for its stable operation. Using the signal transmission coil pairs we have proposed, we studied through measurements and experiments the best carrier frequency, based on the frequency characteristics of the L/C resonance circuit that inherits in the coil geometry.
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-type 1: its plasma determinants and relation with cardiovascular risk (2004)

The habitual level of PAI-1 is influenced by many factors, of which obesity and insulin resistance are the most important. It is possible to reduce plasma PAI-1 by changes in life style, e.g. weight reduction and physical activity. Data on potential interactions between environmental and metabolic variables on one hand, and the 4G/5G-polymorphism on the other hand, are still scarce. It becomes more and more clear that PAI-1 may possibly not be a major (causal) factor in cardiovascular disease, but its role in inflammation deserves further attention. In the presence of the 4G-allele not only the PAI-1 response was more pronounced, but also the response of other acute-phase reactants, which implies that the increases of these reactants are secondary to the increase in PAI-1. A myocardial infarction also provokes an acute phase response. It can thus be hypothesized that the 4G-allele might exacerbate tissue injury during the acute phase after a myocardial infarction, and thereby negatively affect the prognosis.
Campylobacter jejuni enteritis in children. (1984)

Campylobacter jejuni has been recently recognized as a frequent cause of diarrheal disease in infants and children. To assess its importance as an enteric pathogen in this area, in our pediatric laboratory, campylobacter jejuni was isolated by selective culture from 35 out of 623 (5.6%) patients with a history of acute diarrhea between March 1981 to December 1981. The peak incidence was in the summer (from May to August), age ranged from 10 days to 8 years, with the high incidence in the very young children. The sex ratio of male to female was four : one. In general, Campylobacter enteritis is not a severe disease and not associated with dehydration. The most common signs were fever & frequent diarrhea. Most of the children recovered spontaneously on conservative management. The antibiograms for 30 strains showed that the Aminoglycosides, Chloramphenicol, Ampicillin, Erythromycin were the most effective drugs. Resistance to erythromycin was found in 13.4% of our series. This study shows campylobacter is the common cause of bacterial diarrhea in Taiwan.
<i>Kras</i> rewires metabolic networks (2016)

A Kras mutation rewires metabolic networks in lung cancer cells to increase glucose uptake and reduce oxidative stress damage.
Porous Silica‐Coated α‐Fe <sub>2</sub> O <sub>3</sub> Ceramics for Humidity Measurement at Elevated Temperature (1996)

Porous α‐Fe 2 O 3 powder obtained from topotactic decomposition of α‐FeOOH was dispersed in a tetraethyl orthosili‐cate solution. Amorphous silica was coated on the surface of α‐Fe 2 O 3 grains, followed by gelation and sintering. The N 2 sorption measurement indicates that the pore coalescence is strongly suppressed by coating. For instance, the coated sample sintered at 800°C has a specific surface area of 145.8 m 2 /g, much greater than the uncoated one, 5.035 m 2 /g. Furthermore, the hysteresis isotherm implies that thepores of the coated sample have an ink‐bottle type structure. There are O and Si traces in the XPS survey scan, while no Fe peak is found, which confirms that the α‐Fe 2 O 3 grain is totally covered by silica. Organic radicals are also evident in the detail scan of the C 1 s peak of the fresh fractured surface. The XRD analysis highlights that the coated ceramic is composed of α‐Fe 2 O 3 and amorphous silica. Because of the coating limitation on grain growth, sintering below 950°C hardly increases the grain size as compared with the starting powder, in terms of Scherrer's equation. The HRTEM images of the uncoated and coated samples display a clear layer of the amorphous coating on highly porous grains. Many pores in the 2–5 nm size range seem to be connected in the lattice matrix. The pore number and volume are greatly decreased after sintering, but the silica coating weakens this effect. The complex impedance of the coated sample with porous RuO 2 electrode was investigated in the frequency and temperature ranges of 1 Hz‐1 MHz and 20°–400°C, respectively. Artificial dry air was bubbled through deionized water or analytical‐purity ethanol to yield wet air or ethanol vapor condition. The sensitivities, defined as the ratio between impedance under a test and dry air conditions, are 30 for 2.8% water vapor and 2 for 9.3% ethanol vapor at 200°C. A high ethanol vapor sensitivity above 200°C is explained as an “on‐site” water vapor effect arising from the ethanol combustion on a silica catalyst. Various gases like CH 4 , CO, NO x , and NO 2 were introduced into dry and wet air at elevated temperatures. No cross‐sensitivity was found for the gas concentrations up to 5000 ppm. A model of the porous coating structure is proposed for a reason of high humidity sensitivity without gas cross‐sensitivity.
Impact of Nonideal Phase Reference on Soft Decoding of Differentially Encoded Modulation (2012)

The performance of coded modulation schemes based on the concatenation of a forward-error correction (FEC) code and differentially encoded quadrature amplitude modulations (QAMs) in the presence of Wiener phase noise is considered. Log-likelihood ratios, required to perform soft decoding, are first derived for the case in which the phase of the received carrier is assumed to be perfectly known, and then used to obtain the performance for nonideal reference of phase. Simulation results of the post-FEC bit-error rate are presented for a near-Shannon limit low-density parity check code with an overhead of 20%. The performance loss, compared to ideal coherent demodulation, is evaluated for two different linewidths of the phase noise in case of quadrature-phase shift keying and 16-QAM transmission.
Micro electrostatic actuators in dual-stage disk drives with high track density (1996)

This paper presents a dual-stage actuator for high-density disk drive, using a voice coil motor (VCM) rotary actuator as a coarse actuator and a linear micro electrostatic actuator as a fine actuator. The micro electrostatic actuator proposed has trapezoidal static comb fingers and straight movable comb fingers. It has a linear static displacement voltage characteristic in a working range of 4 /spl mu/m, sufficient for fine positioning of a read/write head. The actuator has a fast and stable dynamic response with a related setting of parameters. By adjusting micro leaf-spring constant and the mass of a micro HGA subsystem, the micro actuator system can achieve a 10 kHz bandwidth.
Surface Defects Detection Based on Adaptive Multiscale Image Collection and Convolutional Neural Networks (2019)

Surface flaw inspection is of great importance for quality control in the field of manufacture. In this paper, a novel surface flaw inspection algorithm is proposed based on adaptive multiscale image collection (AMIC) using convolutional neural networks. First, the inspection networks are pretrained with ImageNet data set. Second, the AMIC is established, which consists of adaptive multiscale image extraction and with-contour local extraction from training images. Through the AMIC, the training data set is greatly augmented, and labels of images can be accomplished automatically without artificial consumption. Then, transfer learning is performed with the AMIC established from training data set. Finally, an automatic surface flaw inspection instrument for large-volume metal components embedded with the proposed inspection algorithm is designed. Experiments with small metal components are performed to analyze the influence of parameters, and comparative experiments are carried out. The inspecting precisions for indentation, scratch, and pitted surface of the proposed method are 97.3%, 99.5%, and 100%, respectively. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in the detection of various surface flaws.
Geological Aspects of Abnormal Reservoir Pressures in Gulf Coast Louisiana (1953)

High-pressure zones commonly make drilling of wells most difficult in a belt about 50 miles wide along the coastal plain northwest of the Gulf of Mexico from the Rio Grande to the Mississippi Delta. This study is an attempt to link geological factors with occurrences of abnormal pressure in order to provide a better understanding of their origin. Abnormal pressure has been defined as any pressure which exceeds the hydrostatic pressure of a column of water containing 80,000 parts per million total solids. Dangerously abnormal pressures occur commonly in isolated porous reservoir beds in thick shale sections developed below the main sand series. Their locations are controlled by the regional facies change in the Gulf Coast Tertiary province, and they appear to be independent of depth and geological age of the formation. The high pressures are caused by compaction of the shales under the weight of the overburden which is equivalent to approximately one pound per square inch per foot depth. Difference in density between gas and water causes abnormal pressure where hydrocarbon accumulations occur above water, irrespective of whether the water is at normal or abnormal pressures. The magnitude of this pressure depends on the structural elevation above the source of pressure in the water and may cause very high pressure gradients in isolated sand bodies. However, the trend of pressures in the Gulf Coast region indicates that maximum pressures probably do not exceed 90 per cent of the overburden pressure. The abrupt increase in pressure above normal hydrostatic pressure commonly occurs over a very short vertical interval which makes control difficult. Successful drilling through abnormal pressures involves cementing casing below the main sand series and above the high pressure zones so that heavy mud may be used without loss of circulation.
Electrochemical Biosensors Based on Layer‐by‐Layer Assemblies (2006)

Abstract Layer‐by‐layer (LBL) assemblies, which have undergone great progress in the past decades, have been used widely in the construction of electrochemical biosensors. The LBL assemblies provide a strategy to rationally design the properties of immobilized films and enhance the performance of biosensors. The following review focuses on the application of LBL assembly technique on electrochemical enzyme biosensors, immunosensors and DNA sensors.
Transforming Sloan-Kettering viruses generated from the cloned v-ski oncogene by in vitro and in vivo recombinations (1986)

The Sloan-Kettering viruses (SKVs) are replication-defective retroviruses that transform avian cells in vitro. Each of the three SKV isolates is a mixture of viruses with genomes ranging in size from 4.1 to 8.9 kilobases (kb) with a predominant genome of 5.7 kb. Using a cDNA representing a sequence, v-ski, that is SKV specific and held in common by the multiple SKV genomes, we generated a restriction map of the 5.7-kb SKV genome and molecularly cloned a ski-containing fragment from SKV proviral DNA. Southern hybridization and sequence analysis showed that the cloned DNA fragment consisted of the 1.3-kb ski sequence embedded in the p19gag sequence and followed by the remaining 5' half of the gag gene and small portions of both the pol and env genes. A large deletion encompassing the 3' half of gag and the 5' 80% of pol was mapped to a position about 1 kb downstream from the 3' ski-gag junction. To determine whether the cloned ski sequence had transforming activity, the ski-containing fragment and a cloned Rous-associated virus 1 (RAV-1) genome were used to construct an analog of the 5.7-kb SKV genome, RAV-SKV. Cotransfection of chicken embryo cells with RAV-SKV and RAV-1 yielded foci of transformed cells whose morphology was identical to that induced by the natural SKVs. The transformed transfected cells produced transforming virus with a 5.7-kb ski-containing genome and synthesized a gag-containing polyprotein of 110 kilodaltons (kDa). Several nonproducer clones of RAV-SKV-transformed cells were analyzed, and most were found to synthesize a 5.7-kb SKV RNA and a 110-kDa polyprotein. One clone was found to contain an 8.9-kb SKV RNA, and this clone synthesized a 125-kDa polyprotein. Since both the 5.7- and 8.9-kb genomes and the 110- and 125-kDa polyproteins had been identified in studies on the natural SKVs, the present results not only demonstrate the transforming activity of these individual SKVs but also suggest mechanisms for their generation.
Metallomicelles as catalysts of the hydrolysis of carboxylic and phosphoric acid esters (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMetallomicelles as catalysts of the hydrolysis of carboxylic and phosphoric acid estersPaolo Scrimin, Paolo Tecilla, and Umberto TonellatoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 1, 161–166Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00001a033https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00001a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views440Altmetric-Citations94LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Room temperature continuous wave operation and characterization of photonic crystal nanolaser on a sapphire substrate (2009)

A compact photonic crystal defect nanocavity was fabricated on a sapphire substrate. Continuous wave lasing at room temperature was achieved with a low threshold power. We characterized the operated mode, quality factor and radiative efficiency for the compact laser. The thermal properties of the nanolaser were also investigated.
Engineering economical membrane materials for aggressive sour gas separations (2013)

The goal is of this project was to identify principles to guide the development of high performance dense film membranes for natural gas sweetening using hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide gas mixtures as models under aggressive sour gas feed conditions. To achieve this goal, three objectives were developed to guide this research. \n\nThe first objective was to study the performance of cellulose acetate (CA) and an advanced crosslinkable polyimide (PDMC) dense film membrane for H₂S separation from natural gas. \n\nThe second objective was to engineer those polymers to produce membrane materials with superior performance as measured by efficiency, productivity, and plasticization resistance, and the third objective was to determine the separation performance of these engineered membrane materials under more aggressive, realistic natural gas feeds, and to perform a detailed transport analysis of the factors that impact their performance. \nWork on the first objective showed that in neat CA, penetrant transport is controlled by both the solubility and mobility selectivity, with the former being more dominant, leading to a high overall CO₂/CH₄ (33) and H₂S/CH₄ (35) ideal selectivities. However, in uncrosslinked PDMC, H₂S/CH₄ selectivity favored sorption only, whereas CO₂/CH₄ selectivity favored both mobility and sorption selectivity, leading to a high CO₂/CH₄ (37) but low H₂S/CH₄ (12) ideal selectivities. However, the latter polymer showed more plasticization resistance for CO₂.\nIn the second objective, both materials were engineered. A new technique referred to as “GCV-Modification” was introduced in which cellulose acetate was grafted using vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTMS), then hydrolyzed and condensed to form a polymer network. PDMC was also covalently crosslinked to enhance its performance. GCV-Modified CA showed significant performance improvements for H₂S and CO₂ removal; the permeability of CO₂ and H₂S were found to be 139 and 165 Barrer, respectively, which represented a 30X and 34X increase compared to the pristine CA polymer. The H₂S/CH₄ and CO₂/CH₄ ideal selectivities were found to be 39 and 33, respectively. Crosslinked PDMC showed a higher CO₂/CH₄ selectivity of 38 with a better plasticization resistance for CO₂ and H₂S. \n\nIn the third objective, these materials were tested under aggressive ternary mixtures of H₂S/CO₂/CH₄ with both vacuum and nonvacuum downstream. Even under aggressive feed conditions, GCV-Modified CA showed better performance vs. PDMC, and it remained were fairly stable, making it a potential candidate for aggressive sour gas separations, not only because of its significantly higher productivity, which will help decrease the surface area needed for separation, thereby reducing operating costs, but also because of the lower cost of the raw material GCV-Modified CA compared to PDMC.
Advanced MCT technologies in France (2007)

In this paper we present an overview of the very recent developments of the HgCdTe infrared detector technology developed by CEA-LETI and industrialized by Sofradir in France. Today Sofradir uses in production for more than 15years a very mature, reproducible, well mastered and fully understood, planar n on p ion implanted technology. This process that allows very high yields to be achieved in all infrared bands from SWIR to LWIR uses the very conventional approach of LPE growth of MCT on lattice-matched CdZnTe substrates. Progress in this field is continuous from 20years and has recently leaded to the fabrication of high performance VLWIR FPA (320x256 with cut off wavelengths as high as 20μm). Moreover, thanks to the design of the epitaxial structure and to the substrate removal step MCT FPAs present the unique features to have very high quantum efficiency (above 70%) from the cut off wavelength down to the UV. This effect, which opens new application fields, was recently demonstrated in SWIR 320x256 FPAs with cut off wavelength of 2.5μm. Very high quality FPAs (1280x1024) with pitches as small as 15μm have already been demonstrated last year using the MBE growth of MWIR MCT epilayers on 4 inches germanium substrates, n on p ion implanted photodiodes and the hot welding indium bump hybridization technique. At the same time, with the MBE growth, bicolor and dual band FPAs which uses more complex multi hetero-junctions architectures (both 4 layers npn and 'pseudo planar' structures and extrinsically doped MCT layers) were fabricated with formats of 320x256 and pitches as small as 25μm. A very new area of development concerns avalanche photodiodes (APD) made with MCT. This semiconductor presents a unique feature among all the over semiconductors. Extremely high avalanche gains can be obtained on n on p photodiodes without absolutely any noise excess (F(K)=1): MCT APDs act as perfect amplifiers. These results open new interesting fields of investigation for low flux applications and fast detectors (including hyper spectral imaging and active imaging).
Comparative pharmacokinetic studies of three asparaginase preparations. (1993)

We conclude that (1) the apparent t1/2 of ASNase is dependent on enzyme preparation used, but is not affected by dose or by repeated use; (2) the apparent t1/2 of E coli ASNase as a protein is the same as the apparent t1/2 of enzymatic activity; and (3) patients who have had a hypersensitivity reaction to E coli ASNase have a decreased apparent t1/2 with both E coli and PEG ASNase.
Network-based approach to online cursive script recognition (1999)

The idea of combining the network of HMMs and the dynamic programming-based search is highly relevant to online handwriting recognition. The word model of HMM network can be systematically constructed by concatenating letter and ligature HMM's while sharing common ones. Character recognition in such a network can be defined as the task of best aligning a given input sequence to the best path in the network. One distinguishing feature of the approach is that letter segmentation is obtained simultaneously with recognition but no extra computation is required.
RESOLUTION OF DUAL MECHANISMS OF POTASSIUM ABSORPTION BY BARLEY ROOTS (1963)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.