gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine Targeting Carcinoembryonic Antigen in Intestinal Carcinomas (2009)

A genetic vaccine platform based on DNA electroporation (DNA-EP) and adenovirus (Ad) was used to generate immune response against human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and antitumor effects in murine models with spontaneous tumors arising in an orthotopic location. CEA transgenic (CEA.Tg) mice treated with the carcinogen 1,2-dimethylhydrazine developed CEA-overexpressing tumors that resembled human sporadic colorectal cancer. APC1638N/CEA hybrid mice, generated by crossing mice carrying the adenomatous polyposis coli (Apc1638N) gene mutation with CEA.Tg mice, are representative of human familial polyposis and develop polyps that overexpress the antigen. In both models, the DNA-EP/Ad vaccine succeeded in breaking immune tolerance and achieved significant antitumor effects in therapeutic settings. Our data suggest that genetic vaccines targeting CEA may be feasible strategies against gut tumors that overexpress the antigen. In addition, these models are powerful systems for evaluating antigen-specific tumor immunity and assessing therapeutic vaccine strategies for human colorectal cancer.
Cycloaddition reactions of nitrones with 4-methylene-5-morpholino-3-phenyl-4,5-dihydroisoxazole. Structure and stereochemical assignments of the products by nuclear magnetic resonance and X-ray analysis (1990)

4-Methylene-5-morpholino-3-phenyl-4,5-dihydroisoxazole (1) reacts with nitrones (2) to give a mixture of diastereoisomeric cycloadducts, namely spiro[isoxazolidine-5,4′-isoxazolines](3) and (4). The structure and steric configuration of the spiro derivatives have been assigned on the basis of 1H and 13C NMR evidence and by X-ray analysis.
Frequency of Physical Restraint and Its Associations With Demographic and Clinical Characteristics in a Chinese Psychiatric Institution (2013)

PR is very common in clinical practice in China. Its demographic and clinical correlates are similar to findings in Western settings.
Aggrecan Directs Extracellular Matrix-Mediated Neuronal Plasticity (2018)

In the adult brain, the extracellular matrix (ECM) influences recovery after injury, susceptibility to mental disorders, and is in general a strong regulator of neuronal plasticity. The proteoglycan aggrecan is a core component of the condensed ECM structures termed perineuronal nets (PNNs), and the specific role of PNNs on neural plasticity remains elusive. Here, we genetically targeted the <i>Acan</i> gene encoding for aggrecan using a novel animal model. This allowed for conditional and targeted loss of aggrecan <i>in vivo</i>, which ablated the PNN structure and caused a shift in the population of parvalbumin-expressing inhibitory interneurons toward a high plasticity state. Selective deletion of the <i>Acan</i> gene in the visual cortex of male adult mice reinstated juvenile ocular dominance plasticity, which was mechanistically identical to critical period plasticity. Brain-wide targeting improved object recognition memory.<b>SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT</b> The study provides the first direct evidence of aggrecan as the main functional constituent and orchestrator of perineuronal nets (PNNs), and that loss of PNNs by aggrecan removal induces a permanent state of critical period-like plasticity. Loss of aggrecan ablates the PNN structure, resulting in invoked juvenile plasticity in the visual cortex and enhanced object recognition memory.
The influence of interstitial telomeric sequences on chromosome instability in human cells (1999)

Although most telomere repeat sequences are found at the ends of chromosomes, some telomeric repeat sequences are also found at intrachromosomal locations in mammalian cells. Several studies have found that these interstitial telomeric repeat sequences can promote chromosome instability in rodent cells, either spontaneously or following ionizing radiation. In the present study we describe the extensive cytogenetic analysis of three different human cell lines with plasmids containing telomeric repeat sequences integrated at interstitial sites. In two of these cell lines, Q18 and P8SX, instability has been detected in the chromosome containing the integrated plasmid, involving breakage/fusion/bridge cycles or amplification of the plasmid DNA, respectively. However, the data suggest that the instability observed is characteristic of the general instability in these cell lines and that the telomeric repeat sequences themselves are not responsible. Consistent with this interpretation, the chromosome containing an integrated plasmid with 500 bp of telomeric repeat sequences is highly stable in the third cell line, SNG28, which has a relatively stable genome. The stability of the chromosome containing the integrated plasmid sequences in SNG28 makes this an excellent cell line to study the effect of ionizing radiation on the stability of interstitial telomeric sequences in human cells.
Diagnosis and therapy for urinary tract infections (1991)

The onset of urinary tract infections requires careful collection of a urine specimen and use of selective screening and culture techniques. Account must be taken of the patient's status and history. Enterobacteriaceae and gram-positive cocci remain the most commonly isolated uropathogens. The knowledge that bacteria adhere to the uroepithelium has improved our understanding of the pathogenesis but has done little to alter diagnosis and therapy. An examination of host cell responses (leukocyturia, hematuria) and bacteria attached to bladder cells should assist the physician with diagnosis. Treatment of urinary tract infections should depend on culture sensitivity results for the uropathogens. Most urinary tract infections can be treated effectively with antimicrobial agents, and the introduction of broad-spectrum fluoroquinolones has proved useful in eradicating organisms from the urinary tract and prostate. The management of recurrent urinary tract infections involves active eradication of organisms with antibiotics, often given prophylactically. The use of lactobacilli therapy to prevent infection appears to have potential, based on preliminary in vivo results, but further studies are required. For catheter-related infections, antimicrobial penetration of bacterial biofilms remains a major problem, as does provision by the laboratory of accurate minimum inhibitory concentrations of antimicrobials required to penetrate the biofilms.
Treatment of ongoing experimental myasthenia gravis with short term high dose cyclophosphamide (1982)

We have treated animals with an ongoing autoimmune disease, experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG), using a strategy designed to eliminate the antibody-producing cells. During well-established EAMG, a single high dose of cyclophosphamide was given because of its known effectiveness against B-lymphocytes. To counteract the lethal effects of the drug, the rats were "rescued" by bone marrow cell transplantation. This treatment produced a rapid and sustained fall of antibody titers against both the immunizing antigen (Torpedo acetylcholine receptor) and the autoantigen (rat acetylcholine receptor). Immunologic memory, as measured by an anamnestic response to the antigen, was partially suppressed. Cyclophosphamide treatment produced improvement in the neuromuscular defect: treated animals had, on the average, twice as many acetylcholine receptors at neuromuscular junctions compared with untreated EAMG animals. This treatment method of short-term high doses of an immunosuppressive drug, such as cyclophosphamide, may eventually prove useful for human myasthenia gravis and other autoimmune diseases.
Aspiration of a mobile thromboembolus from saphenous vein graft (1992)

An 81-year-old woman who was 4 years post 3-vessel coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery suffered a non-Q-wave myocardial infarction. Angiography revealed the recent occlusion of a saphenous vein graft (SVG) to an obtuse marginal coronary artery. Five days following failure of intragraft urokinase and systemic heparinization to recanalize the SVG, balloon angioplasty was undertaken. A mobile thrombus was observed to migrate spontaneously in a retrograde manner in the SVG and was removed during PTCA by aspiration through the guiding catheter.
Development of type II superlattice detector for future space applications in JAXA (2013)

Space-borne infrared detectors require higher sensitivity, higher resolution, and larger formats than ground-based infrared detectors. In order to meet more demanding mission requirements, JAXA decided to position infrared detector technology as a strategic technology and promote its development. InAs/GaSb type II superlattices (T2SL) are the only known infrared material with a performance theoretically predicted to be higher than that of HgCdTe. If the T2SL detector is realized, it can be applied to high-sensitivity infrared sensors, which are required for many advanced instruments such as an imaging Fourier transform spectrometer. The final goal of developing the T2SL detector is to realize an array detector with a cutoff wavelength λc of 15 μm. We have started basic research on the T2SL detector. In this paper, we report on the first results for the development of T2SL detectors for the mid-wave infrared regime. The detector structure is a pin photodiode with a superlattice consisting of 9 InAs monolayers (MLs) and 7 GaSb MLs. We present the results of optical evaluation of the detector. The cutoff wavelength is 5.5 μm at 30 K. The responsivity is 0.33 ± 0.05A/W at 4.5 μm.
Improving the visual analysis of high-dimensional datasets using quality measures (2010)

Modern visualization methods are needed to cope with very high-dimensional data. Efficient visual analytical techniques are required to extract the information content in these data. The large number of possible projections for each method, which usually grow quadrat-ically or even exponentially with the number of dimensions, urges the necessity to employ automatic reduction techniques, automatic sorting or selecting the projections, based on their information-bearing content. Different quality measures have been successfully applied for several specified user tasks and established visualization techniques, like Scatterplots, Scatterplot Matrices or Parallel Coordinates. Many other popular visualization techniques exist, but due to the structural differences, the measures are not directly applicable to them and new approaches are needed. In this paper we propose new quality measures for three popular visualization methods: Radviz, Pixel-Oriented Displays and Table Lenses. Our experiments show that these measures efficiently guide the visual analysis task.
Gold clusters on oxygen plasma functionalized carbon nanotubes: XPS and TEM studies (2006)

\nOxygen plasma treated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have been decorated with gold nanoclusters by thermal evaporation. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) shows that the nature and extent of gold coverage can be varied by simultaneously changing the parameters used for the plasma treatment and the gold evaporation time. The evaporated gold clusters on oxygen plasma treated MWCNTs have a more dense distribution than the clusters evaporated on as-synthesized MWCNTs. Analyses of the valence band and the core levels by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) suggest poor charge transfer between the gold clusters and the MWCNTs.\n
THEORY OF THE OPTICAL ABSORPTION OF LIGHT‐ADAPTED BACTERIORHODOPSIN AND ITS ACIDIFIED FORMS (1981)

Abstract— We assume a model for bacteriorhodopsin chromophore such that the protonated retinal Schiff‐base (PRSB) interacts with two anions in the case of light‐adapted bacteriorhodopsin (bR L ), while it does with one anion in the case of the acidified form of bacteriorhodopsin (bR acid 600 ). On the basis of this model, the π‐electronic states of all‐ trans ‐PRSB are calculated according to our LCAO‐ASMO‐SCF‐CI method, the anions being approximated by negative point‐charges in the plane of PRSB π‐system. A possible distribution of the negative point‐charges around PRSB is proposed for the chromophores of bR L , bR acid 600 , and the two irradiated forms of bR acid 600 (the one at 3°C containing 9‐ cis ‐PRSB, and the other at — 72°C all‐ trans ‐PRSB). It is shown that the wavelength λ max of absorption maximum observed for each form of bacteriorhodopsin can be explained reasonably well by the suggested charge distribution. Furthermore, a model for the structure of the active site of bR L is proposed, considering that two COO − groups form the anions that interact with PRSB. The calculated optical absorption of all‐ trans ‐PRSB at such a site is shown to be consistent with the observed absorption spectrum of bR L .
Angiotensin converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism: Case‐control association studies in schizophrenia, major affective disorder, and tardive dyskinesia and a family‐based association study in schizophrenia (2002)

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is a candidate gene for psychiatric disorders. We examined the frequency of a functional insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in the 16th intron of the ACE gene (located on chromosome 17q23) in groups of patients with schizophrenia (n = 104 and 113), major depression (n = 55), and bipolar disorder (n = 87) compared to healthy control subjects (n = 87). There was no evidence for allelic or genotypic association of the polymorphism with any of the disorders or with tardive dyskinesia (TD) in patients with schizophrenia. In a sample of nuclear families (n = 61) made up of one or more patients with schizophrenia recruited with their parents, there was no evidence for biased transmission of ACE I/D alleles. Particularly in the case of schizophrenia, these findings do not support an association of the ACE I/D polymorphism with the phenotypes examined.
Nanospark at the interface between organic solvents and tin-doped indium oxide (2001)

A nanometer-scale surface modification of tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) in organic solvent was performed using a scanning tunneling microscope (STM). The surface modification was attributed to localized field evaporation upon applying 10 V between the tunneling gap. White light sparking beneath the STM tip (nanospark) was observed during and after the surface modification. The addition of ionic species into the otherwise pure solvent also induced a nanospark even when applying lower voltages, but in this case, surface modification did not occur. Thus, it is proposed that a part of the ITO becomes dissolved in solution as ions, which results in electron avalanche in the presence of these induced ions.
Multiple mode actuation of a turbulent jet (2001)

The effects of multiple mode periodic excitation on the evolution of a circular turbulent jet were studied experimentally. A short, wide-angle diffuser was attached to the jet exit. Streamwise and cross-stream excitations were introduced at the junction between the jet exit and the diffuser inlet on opposing sides of the jet. The introduction of high amplitude, periodic excitation in the streamwise direction enhances the mixing and promotes attachment of the jet shear-layer to the diffuser wall. Cross-stream excitation applied over a fraction of the jet circumference can deflect the jet away from the excitation slot. The two modes of excitation were combined using identical frequencies and varying the relative phase between the two actuators in search of an optimal response. It is shown that, for low and moderate periodic momentum input levels, the jet deflection angles depend strongly on the relative phase between the two actuators. Optimum performance is achieved when the phase difference is pi +/- pi/6. The lower effectiveness of the equal phase excitation is attributed to the generation of an azimuthally symmetric mode that does not produce the required non-axisymmetric vectoring. For high excitation levels, identical phase becomes more effective, while phase sensitivity decreases. An important finding was that with proper phase tuning, two unsteady actuators can be combined to obtain a non-linear response greater than the superposition of the individual effects.
Arabidopsis Mutants Define an in Vivo Role for Isoenzymes of Aspartate Aminotransferase in Plant Nitrogen Assimilation (1998)

Arabidopsis contains five isoenzymes of aspartate aminotransferase (AspAT) localized to the cytosol, chloroplast, mitochondria, or peroxisomes. To define the in vivo function of individual isoenzymes, we screened for Arabidopsis mutants deficient in either of the two major isoenzymes, cytosolic AAT2 or chloroplastic AAT3, using a native gel activity assay. In a screen of 8,000 M2 seedlings, three independent mutants deficient in cytosolic AAT2 (aat2) and two independent mutants deficient in chloroplastic AAT3 (aat3) were isolated. Mapping of aat2 and aat3 mutations and the five AspAT genes (ASP1-ASP5) established associations as follows: the mutation affecting aat2 maps with and cosegregates with ASP2, one of two expressed genes for cytosolic AspAT; the mutation affecting aat3 maps to the same location as the ASP5 gene encoding chloroplastic AspAT. Phenotypic analysis of the aat2 and aat3 mutants revealed a dramatic aspartate-related phenotype in one of the mutants deficient in cytosolic AAT2. The aat2-2 mutant displays an 80% reduction in levels of aspartate transported in the phloem of light-grown plants, and a 50% reduction in levels of asparagine transported in dark-adapted plants. These results indicate that cytosolic AAT2 is the major isoenzyme controlling aspartate synthesized for nitrogen transport in the light, and that this aspartate pool is converted to asparagine when plants are dark adapted.
Psychometric Evaluation of a Treatment Acceptance Measure for Use in Patients Receiving Treatment via Subcutaneous Injection (2016)

These findings provide initial evidence of validity and reliability for the I-TAQ in patients treated with subcutaneous alirocumab. The I-TAQ could prove to be a valuable patient-reported outcome for therapies requiring subcutaneous injection.
A case of solitary neurofibroma of the palate. (1989)

Solitary neurofibroma in the oral cavity is rare. We have experienced one case of solitary neurofibroma on the hard palate. The patient was a 25-year old man. He visited our clinic with a chief complaint of mass formation of the right hard palate. We found neither cafe-au-lait spots nor tumors on the skin of his whole body. The tumor was totally excised under local anesthesia. From Histopathological findings it was diagnosed as a neurofibroma.
Characterization of deformation induced by micro-second laser anneal using CGS interferometry (2008)

The understanding and control of mechanical stresses accumulated during device fabrication is becoming more critical at advanced technology nodes. For example, e-SiGe is being used more and more extensively to strain the channel and improve PMOS performance. However, increases in Ge concentration result in increased susceptibility to strain relaxation and severe wafer deformation during advanced thermal processing. As a result, the precise control of the stress induced during annealing is becoming increasing important. This paper describes the use of a stress measurement technology, the Coherent Gradient Sensing (CGS) interferometer, for the characterization of deformation induced during micro-second laser annealing. The unique features of the CGS technique enable not only the characterization of the magnitude of wafer bow and warp, but the local uniformity of strain relaxation. Results are presented showing the relationship between wafer deformation and the fundamental parameters of micro-second laser annealing. In addition, the effects of processing history on laser anneal-induced deformation will also be evaluated, and techniques for managing stress accumulation across an entire process flow will be discussed.
The Development of the Electron Microscope and its Application to the Brewing Industry (1984)

The electron microscope has been a multipurpose tool for many of the basic sciences, but its practical application in industry is only now being considered. This review article examines the basic techniques employed in electron microscopy and the basic functioning of the instrument with respect to recent multidetector analyses. Past, present, and future uses of the instrument in the brewing industry are discussed.
Growth Condition and Growth Limit for Fractal Super Fibers and Fractal Super Tubes (2008)

Article Growth Condition and Growth Limit for Fractal Super Fibers and Fractal Super Tubes was published on March 1, 2008 in the journal International Journal of Nonlinear Sciences and Numerical Simulation (volume 9, issue 1).
High Performance InGaAsSb TPV Cells (2004)

Lattice‐matched 0.52 eV InGaAsSb/GaSb thermophotovoltaic (TPV) cells are grown using a multi‐wafer metal‐organic‐chemical‐vapor‐deposition (MOCVD) system. MOCVD growth series of P/N junction epitaxial structures consisting of as many as 30 wafers demonstrate good run‐to‐run reproducibility, good uniformity across the wafer and exhibit high performance with open circuit voltages of ∼300mV and fill factors of 70% at 25°C. Growth parameters, including temperature, surface preparation and substrate orientation, that directly affect growth have been optimized for the active 0.52 eV InGaAsSb region and GaSb confinement layers. Focus is on increasing TPV diode performance through architectural improvements, specifically by reducing the minority carrier recombination velocity at the emitter and base front and back interfaces. Work in support of incorporating a back surface reflector (BSR) including the growth of N/P diode architectures and the addition of a lattice‐matched InAsSb etch stop layer for substrate removal and wafer bonding, is reported. The lattice matched InAsSb stop etch exhibits resiliency to the substrate removal and wafer bonding processes. Substantial improvement in carrier lifetime on test structures with P‐type AlGaAsSb layers indicated incorporation of these layers into the TPV cell structure should provide significant improvement in open‐circuit voltage. Addition of AlGaAsSb confinement layers to the standard P/N cell structure gave some of the best InGaAsSb TPV cell results to date.
Ethanolic RAFT Dispersion Polymerization of 2-(Naphthalen-2-yloxy)ethyl Methacrylate and 2-Phenoxyethyl Methacrylate with Poly[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl Methacrylate] Macro-Chain Transfer Agents (2014)

The ethanolic reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer dispersion polymerization (RAFTDP), at 21 wt-%, of 2-(naphthalen-2-yloxy)ethyl methacrylate (NOEMA) and 2-phenoxyethyl methacrylate (POEMA) with a poly[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] macro-chain transfer agent (CTA) with an average degree of polymerization of 20 (PDMAEMA20) is described. DMAEMA20-b-NOEMAy (y = 20–125) block copolymers were readily prepared under dispersion conditions in ethanol at 70°C. However, the polymerization of NOEMA was not well controlled, with size exclusion chromatograms being distinctly bi or multimodal with measured dispersities CH14490_IE1.gif. Though NOEMA copolymerization was not ideal, the resulting series of block copolymers did exhibit the anticipated full spectrum of nanoparticle morphologies (spheres, worms, and vesicles). Interestingly, these morphology transitions occurred over a relatively narrow range of block copolymer compositions. In the case of POEMA, copolymerization was also poorly controlled with 1.50 = ÐM = 1.83 for the series of DMAEMA20-b-POEMAy copolymers. In contrast to the NOEMA-based copolymers, the POEMA series only yielded nanoparticles with a spherical morphology whose size increased with increasing average degrees of polymerization of the POEMA block. Collectively, though both NOEMA and POEMA can be utilized in ethanolic RAFT dispersion polymerization formulations, these preliminary studies suggest that neither appears to be an ideal aryl methacrylate choice as comonomer, especially if the goal is to combine the synthesis of well-defined copolymers with efficient nanoparticle formation.