gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development and Testing of a Prototype Microwave Plasma Reactor for Hydrogen Recovery from Sabatier Waste Methane (2009)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">In the Sabatier reactor, oxygen is recovered (as water) by hydrogenation of carbon dioxide. One half of the reacted hydrogen is contained within the product water, the other half is used to form methane (CH<sub>4</sub>). Hydrogen resupply requirements for the oxygen recovery process can be minimized by reclamation of hydrogen from the methane waste. To this end, we have developed effective methods for the recovery of hydrogen from CH<sub>4</sub> using a microwave plasma reactor. By selectively promoting the oligomerization reaction which forms hydrogen and acetylene, up to 75% of the waste hydrogen can be recovered in a manner which minimizes the carbon fouling and carbon build-up problems which drastically reduce the long-term viability of traditional methane pyrolysis methods using fixed bed and fluidized bed reactors. This paper describes the development and testing of the prototype microwave plasma reactor which represents the first generation of a novel and innovative technology for hydrogen recovery from Sabatier waste.</div>
A probabilistic approach to analyse the evolutionary process in circuit design (2002)

One of the actual problems in the evolvable hardware is the evolvability of logic circuits. In order to understand better the nature of existing problem, the probabilistic analysis can be used. This paper aims to investigate how the circuit layout evolution is carried out. This is interesting thing to do for two main reasons. Firstly, to investigate what type of genes mostly influence on the algorithm performance in evolvable hardware. Secondly, to see how effective an allocation of active logic gates might be in a digital circuit design task. In order to achieve this goal we investigate the genotypes of the best chromosomes which bring some improvements in evolutionary process. The logic circuits have been evolved using circuit layout evolution.
Phylogenetic position of the South African endemic genus Perdicium in the Gerbera-complex (Compositae, Mutisieae) (2019)

Perdicium of the Gerbera-complex (Mutisieae, Compositae) contains two species from the Western Cape of South Africa, but its phylogenetic position within the complex remains poorly understood. In this study, we assess the position of Perdicium based on a molecular phylogenetic analysis as well as leaf and pollen morphology, using a sampling scheme that includes 28 species from the Gerbera-complex. The phylogenetic results based on data from two nuclear markers (ITS and ETS) and three chloroplast regions (trnL–trnF, trnL–rpl32 and trnC–petN) suggest that Perdicium is the sister group of a large clade of five genera that includes the African Gerbera, E Asian and N American Leibnitzia, the Eurasian Oreoseris, the American Chaptalia and the Australian Amblysperma. The clade of Perdicium + Amblysperma + Gerbera + Leibnitzia + Oreoseris + Chaptalia is then sister to the largely South American clade of Trichocline, Brachyclados and Lulia. The morphological data show that Perdicium leiocarpum bears unique stomates with wax covering the guard cells on the adaxial epidermal leaf surface. Furthermore, the ratio of the polar axes and equatorial axes of the Perdicium leiocarpum pollen grains was only 1.10, which is the smallest among that of the sampled species of the Gerbera-complex. The morphological and molecular phylogenetic data suggest an isolated position for Perdicium within the Gerbera complex, independent from Gerbera.
An adaptive wavelet-collocation method for shock computations (2009)

Abstract A simple and robust method for solving hyperbolic conservation equations based on the adaptive wavelet-collocation method, which uses a dynamically adaptive grid, are presented. The method utilises natural ability of wavelet analysis to sense localised structures and is based on analysis of wavelet coefficients on the finest level of resolution to create a discontinuity locator function Φ. Using this function, an artificial viscous term is explicitly added in the needed regions using a localised numerical viscosity that ensures the positivity and TVD non-linear stability conditions. Once the wavelet coefficients on the finest level of resolution are below the error threshold parameter ϵ, the artificial viscosity is shut off and any remaining physical waves are free to propagate undamped. Multiple examples in one and two dimensions are presented to demonstrate the method's robustness, simplicity and ease of extending to more complex problems. Keywords: Euler equationshyperbolic conservation lawswaveletsadaptive gridartificial viscosityRiemann problemshock capturing Acknowledgements Support for this work was provided by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under grants No. ACI-0242457 and CBET-0756046. This support is gratefully acknowledged.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Metabolic diversity in Campylobacter jejuni enhances specific tissue colonization. (2009)

Campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of foodborne illness in industrialized countries. This pathogen exhibits significant strain-to-strain variability, which results in differences in virulence potential and clinical presentations. Here, we report that acquisition of the capacity to utilize specific nutrients enhanced the ability of a highly pathogenic strain of C. jejuni to colonize specific tissues. The acquisition of a gene encoding a gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase enabled this strain to utilize glutamine and glutathione and enhanced its ability to colonize the intestine. Furthermore, the acquisition of a DNA segment, which added a sec-dependent secretion signal to an otherwise cytoplasmic asparaginase, allowed this pathogen to utilize asparagine and to more efficiently colonize the liver. Our results reveal that subtle genetic changes in a bacterial pathogen result in significant changes in its ability to colonize specific tissues. In addition, these studies revealed remarkably specific nutritional requirements for a pathogen to effectively colonize different tissues. PMID: 18996343
Numerical analysis of high-frequency induction heating including temperature dependence of material characteristics (1995)

We have carried out a numerical analysis of the magnetic field on high-frequency induction heating. This analysis includes the dependence of various magnetic properties on temperature. The required characteristics are obtained experimentally. We compare the experimental results with the theoretical values obtained by approximations. Until now, the current density inside the exciting coil on this kind of problem has been assumed to be uniform, which is different from actual phenomena. We propose a new method which takes the inhomogeneous distribution of exciting current into account. In this analysis, the eddy current of the exciting coil is also taken into account.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Polymorphisms in melanoma differentiation‐associated gene 5 link protein function to clearance of hepatitis C virus (2014)

These data suggest that MDA-5 plays a significant role in the defense against HCV and that polymorphisms in MDA-5 can influence the outcome of HCV infection.
Effect of glucose on thioltransferase activity and protein mixed disulfides concentration in GSH-depleting reagents treated rat erythrocytes. (1993)

Thioltransferase activity in rat erythrocytes is decreased and the protein mixed disulfide-concentration is increased by the treatment of t-butylhydroperoxide or diamide, significantly. Their levels are restored to their original levels very effectively by the addition of glucose.
Dynamic behavior of excised dog rib cage: dependence on muscle (1991)

To assess the contribution of the rib cage to chest wall elastance and hysteresis, we measured force-displacement behavior of the isolated canine rib cage during sinusoidal forcing of the sternum in the midsagittal plane at low frequencies (0.02-2.0 Hz). Elastance of the rib cage was nearly invariant with frequency of forcing from 0.02 to 1.0 Hz and decreased with increasing amplitude. Hysteresis, the width of the force-displacement loop at middisplacement (zero displacement), was nearly constant with frequency below 1.0 Hz and increased with increasing amplitude of forcing. Removal of muscle reduced elastance and hysteresis of the rib cage substantially. The data suggest that the excised dog rib cage shows dynamic behavior similar to that of the intact human rib cage and chest wall and that respiratory muscle is responsible for a major part of the behavior of the passive chest wall. We also calculated the major and minor stiffnesses in the sagittal plane, which differed by a factor of 3-11, and their directions lay close to the dorsoventral and cephalocaudal axes, respectively. Removal of muscle reduced the stiffnesses but did not change their directions. Thus, although respiratory muscles impede motion in the sagittal plane, they do not alter its pattern.
INVESTIGATIONS IN THE DDT SERIES (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleINVESTIGATIONS IN THE DDT SERIESL. HASKELBERG and D. LAVIECite this: J. Org. Chem. 1949, 14, 3, 498–503Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01155a025https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01155a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views76Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Differences in clinical expression of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy associated with two distinct mutations in the beta-myosin heavy chain gene. A 908Leu----Val mutation and a 403Arg----Gln mutation. (1992)

In some kindreds, the HCM disease gene is more prevalent than indicated by echocardiography and ECG. Some point mutations may be associated with a more malignant prognosis. Preclinical identification of children with mutations associated with a high incidence of sudden death and syncope provides the opportunity to evaluate efficacy of early therapeutic interventions.
A compatible tape cartridge (1960)

Magnetic recording is recognized as a superior medium for stereophonic entertainment, but its popularity has been handicapped by inconvenience of threading and high cost. A new approach is a tape cartridge of very low cost, which is compact, and fully protects the record. The cartridge is completely automatic on a machine designed for its use, and yet will operate manually on present tape recorders.
Inducing Gazetteers for Named Entity Recognition by Large-Scale Clustering of Dependency Relations (2008)

We propose using large-scale clustering of dependency relations between verbs and multiword nouns (MNs) to construct a gazetteer for named entity recognition (NER). Since dependency relations capture the semantics of MNs well, the MN clusters constructed by using dependency relations should serve as a good gazetteer. However, the high level of computational cost has prevented the use of clustering for constructing gazetteers. We parallelized a clustering algorithm based on expectationmaximization (EM) and thus enabled the construction of large-scale MN clusters. We demonstrated with the IREX dataset for the Japanese NER that using the constructed clusters as a gazetteer (cluster gazetteer) is a effective way of improving the accuracy of NER. Moreover, we demonstrate that the combination of the cluster gazetteer and a gazetteer extracted from Wikipedia, which is also useful for NER, can further improve the accuracy in several cases.
Optical spectroscopic study of the interplay of spin and charge in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>α</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>′</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">NaV</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>5</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (2000)

We investigate the temperature-dependent optical properties of ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}^{\ensuremath{'}}\ensuremath{-}{\mathrm{NaV}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{5},$ in the energy range 4 meV--4 eV. The symmetry of the system is discussed on the basis of infrared phonon spectra. By analyzing the optically allowed phonons at temperatures below and above the phase transition, we conclude that a second-order change to a larger unit cell takes place below 34 K, with a fluctuation regime extending over a broad temperature range. In the high-temperature undistorted phase, we find good agreement with the recently proposed centrosymmetric space group Pmmn. On the other hand, the detailed analysis of the electronic excitations detected in the optical conductivity provides direct evidence for a charge disproportionated electronic ground state, at least on a local scale: A consistent interpretation of both structural and optical conductivity data requires an asymmetrical charge distribution on each rung, without any long-range order. We show that, because of the locally broken symmetry, spin-flip excitations carry a finite electric dipole moment, which is responsible for the detection of direct two-magnon optical absorption processes for $E\ensuremath{\Vert}a.$ The charged-magnon model, developed to interpret the optical conductivity of ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}^{\ensuremath{'}}\ensuremath{-}{\mathrm{NaV}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{5},$ is described in detail, and its relevance to other strongly correlated electron systems, where the interplay of spin and charge plays a crucial role in determining the low-energy electrodynamics, is discussed.
Image processing transputer-based machine for mobile robot road-following (1989)

Reports recent work on the mobile robot project underway at the University of Bristol. The aim of the project is to explore mobile robot road-following algorithms and suitable hardware architectures to run these algorithms. The prototype hardware, designed and built at the University, is a real-time frame grabber system based on transputers. The system is capable of concurrently grabbing, processing and displaying 256*256 8-bit pixel images from a camera or video recorder. The authors describe algorithms which have been implemented on the transputer network to achieve near real-time execution on sequences of video data. >
Toward a Marker-Dense Meiotic Map of the Potato Genome: Lessons From Linkage Group I (2003)

Segregation data were obtained for 1260 potato linkage group I-specific AFLP loci from a heterozygous diploid potato population. Analytical tools that identified potential typing errors and/or inconsistencies in the data and that assembled cosegregating markers into bins were applied. Bins contain multiple-marker data sets with an identical segregation pattern, which is defined as the bin signature. The bin signatures were used to construct a skeleton bin map that was based solely on observed recombination events. Markers that did not match any of the bin signatures exactly (and that were excluded from the calculation of the skeleton bin map) were placed on the map by maximum likelihood. The resulting maternal and paternal maps consisted of 95 and 101 bins, respectively. Markers derived from EcoRI/MseI, PstI/MseI, and SacI/MseI primer combinations showed different genetic distributions. Approximately three-fourths of the markers placed into a bin were considered to fit well on the basis of an estimated residual "error rate" of 0-3%. However, twice as many PstI-based markers fit badly, suggesting that parental PstI-site methylation patterns had changed in the population. Recombination frequencies were highly variable across the map. Inert, presumably centromeric, regions caused extensive marker clustering while recombination hotspots (or regions identical by descent) resulted in empty bins, despite the level of marker saturation.
Deep Learning-Based Virtual Staining of Unlabeled Tissue Samples (2020)

We present a deep learning-based framework to perform virtual histological staining of label-free tissue samples. This framework is effective for various tissue-stain combinations using autofluorescence or quantitative phase images as input to trained neural networks.
Antibacterial and mechanical properties of restorative materials combined with chlorhexidines (1983)

Chorhexidine gluconate or chlorhexidine dihydrochloride were added to a composite resin and a glass ionomer restorative material in concentrations of 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, and 10% by weight. Antibacterial activity was measured by inhibition of growth of S. viridans, S. pyogenes, S. mutans, L. acidophilus, and E. coli, for 4 days. Compressive, tensile, and restorative material-enamel adhesive shear strength tests were performed. The addition of chlorhexidine gluconate or chlorhexidine dihydrochloride increased the antibacterial activity of the composite resin and the glass ionomer restorative material and changed the mechanical properties of the restorative materials. The addition of chlorhexidine dihydrochloride resulted in mechanical properties closest to controls.
Inhibition induced by forebrain stimulation in the monkey (1963)

Eleven monkeys were equipped with fixed or with movable intracerebral electrodes and some of these animals were stimulated by radio control. Several types of inhibitory effects were observed: 1) Specific inhibition of the approaching, taking up, and consummatory phases of alimentary reaction was induced by stimulation of the rostral caudate nucleus and medial septum. Aggressiveness was also inhibited, while other individual and social responses were not modified. The participation of a caudate-septal system in the regulation of food intake is suggested by these experiments. 2) General inhibition of behavior was evoked by caudate stimulation at the commissural level. 3) Partial inhibition of alimentary reactions was elicited by stimulation of amygdala and thalamus. 4) Autonomic inhibition affecting heart rate and respiration followed excitation of the central caudate with single shocks or with frequencies up to 100 cycles/sec. 5) Inhibition of conditioned avoidance was observed during caudate stimulation. However, the same caudate excitation could be used as a cue if the response was reinforced. In self-stimulation experiments the rostral caudate proved to be neutral.
Visualization of cell-substratum adhesion plaques by antibody exclusion (1980)

We report on an antibody exclusion method for detecting cell adhesion plaques. Substrata coated by plasma fibronectin )pFN) appeared uniformly fluorescent when analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence using a specific anti-pFN antibody. When cells that had spread on the substrata were permeabilized and analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence, areas of non-fluorescence were apparent beneath the cells and in focal streaks along the cell margins. The nonfluorescent focal streaks were coincident with adhesion plaques visualized by interference reflection microscopy.
Terahertz study of reduced graphene oxide (2012)

We report on our terahertz study of the reduction effect on graphene oxide films grown on fused silica substrates by spin-coating. The optical characteristics before and after thermal reduction were studied by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy.
Properties of Escherichia coli EF-Tu mutants designed for fluorescence resonance energy transfer from tRNA molecules (2010)

Here we describe the design, preparation and characterization of 10 EF-Tu mutants of potential utility for the study of Escherichia coli elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) interaction with tRNA by a fluorescence resonance energy transfer assay. Each mutant contains a single cysteine residue at positions in EF-Tu that are proximal to tRNA sites within the aminoacyl-tRNA.EF-Tu.GTP ternary complex that have previously been labeled with fluorophores. These positions fall in the 323-326 and 344-348 regions of EF-Tu, and at the C terminus. The EF-Tus were isolated as N-terminal fusions to glutathione S-transferase (GST), which was cleaved to yield intact EF-Tus. The mutant EF-Tus were tested for binding to GDP, binding to tRNA in gel retardation and protection assays, and activity in poly-U translation in vitro. The results indicate that at least three EF-Tu mutants, K324C, G325C and E348C, are suitable for further studies. Remarkably, GST fusions that were not cleaved were also active in the various assays, despite the N-terminal fusion.
Evaluation of tilted, optimized, non-saturating excitation pulses in 3D magnetic resonance angiography of the abdominal aorta and major branches in volunteers (1994)

Ten normotensive volunteers were imaged with FISP-3D (Fast Imaging Steady Precession) pulse sequences (a steady state gradient recalled echo, SS-GRE, technique) without and with modification by tilted, optimized non-saturating excitation (TONE) customized radio frequency (RF) pulses, for evaluation of the abdominal aorta--in particular the renal arteries. Maximum intensity projection (MIP) angiograms were constructed for each sequence in each volunteer; 15 observers "blinded" to sequence type preferred the images generated from the TONE applied sequence. Analysis showed that this preference was significant.
Reliability/wearout-aware design (2010)

Summary form only given. Reliability and wearout phenomena are becoming first order design constraints in modern ICs. Ignoring wearout at design time can lead to costly early failures in the field, provisioning for wearout through increased margins can lead to overdesign. This presentation will go over several methods that try to: (1) accurately model wearout in order to predict and optimize margin provisioning (2) track wearout and signal imminent failure (3) track wearout and provide closed loop adaptation and (4) even take advantage of wearout in a few special cases.
PROGRESS REPORT ON USE OF MALEIC HYDRAZIDE FOR GRASS INHIBITION ON HIGHWAY AREAS (1952)

THE SYNTHESIS OF MALEIC HYDRAZIDE (MH) WAS FIRST REPORTED IN 1895. THE CHEMICAL WAS PREPARED AND ITS UNIQUE GROWTH-INHIBITING PROPERTIES ON GRASSES WERE OBSERVED IN OUR LABORATORIES IN 1949. MH-SPRAYED PLANTS ARE INHIBITED FOR VARYING PERIODS, DEPENDING ON DOSAGE APPLIED AND STAGE OF PLANT DEVELOPMENT AT THE TIME OF TREATMENT. THE EFFECT IS MOST PRONOUNCED WHEN YOUNG, VIGOROUSLY GROWING PLANTW ARE SPRAYED, WHEREAS APPLICATION OF AN EQUIVALENT DOSAGE TO PLANTS APPROACHING MATURITY MAY SHOW LITTLE OR NO RESPONSE. HIGH DOSAGES MAY BE HERBICIDAL. APPLICATION OF 2 OR 4 LB. OF MH PER ACRE IN THE SPRING AT THE START OF THE GROWING SEASON IS SUGGESTED FOR GRASSES IN THE MEDIAN, AND 4 LB. PER ACRE ALONG GUARD RAILS AND ROADSIDES. APPLICATION TO ESPLANADE AND ROADSIDE AREAS AT 4 LB. PER ACRE IS SUGGESTED FOR THE REST OF THE YEAR. /AUTHOR/
IGF1 Promoter Polymorphism and Cranial Growth in Individuals Born Very Preterm (2011)

Homozygosity for the IGF1 192-bp allele is associated with a slower cranial growth from birth until age 5 years in individuals born very preterm.