gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genotype/phenotype analyses of low frequency tumor cells using computerized image microscopy (1996)

Techniques to identify low frequency (i.e., 10(-4)-10(-5)) tumor cells in bone marrow and peripheral blood of cancer patients provide opportunities for early detection of disseminated disease and characterization of the properties of cells released from the tumor. Low frequency epithelial cells in marrow and blood can be detected using immunophenotypic markers directed against intracellular and/or cell surface antigens. However, nonspecific phenotypic labeling may compromise the ability to discriminate tumor from nontumor cells. We describe optimization of slide-based approaches that facilitate identification and subsequent molecular cytogenetic characterization of rare tumor cell populations in hematopoietic tissues. Colon tumor cells seeded in a hematopoietic background provided a model system to optimize methodologies that are applicable to detection and quantification of micrometastases in clinical specimens. Mixtures of cytogenetically aberrant epithelial cells and hematopoietic cells on slides were labeled with an anti-cytokeratin 20 (anti-CK20) antibody that recognizes > 90% of colon adenocarcinomas. Computerized image analysis was used to record the location of the immunofluorescent cells on microscopic slides. Cells on slides were then hybridized using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with repeat-sequence DNA probes to detect aneusomies. Previously discriminated epithelial cells were relocated for molecular cytogenetic characterization. Tumor cells present at frequencies approximating 5 x 10(-5) were discriminated on the basis of immunofluorescence and cell size. A low frequency (4 x 10(-4)) population of normal hematopoietic cells also labeled with anti-CK20 (data not shown). This strategy of sequential immunophenotyping and molecular cytogenetic analyses may be useful to discriminate tumor from nontumor cells in cancer patients with micrometastatic disease.
The Effect of Optical Defocus on the Test–Retest Variability of Visual Acuity Measurements (2004)

Optical defocus has a considerable effect on the TRV of visual acuity measurements. These findings have important implications for both clinical practice and clinical research. Uncorrected refractive errors as small as 0.50 D may compromise the detection of visual change in individuals, and contribute to unnecessarily large sample sizes in clinical trials in which visual acuity is used as a primary outcome measure.
Uptake and biological transformation of βNiS and αNi<sub>3</sub>S<sub>2</sub> by human embryonic pulmonary epithelial cells (L132) in culture (1990)

The cytotoxicity, biological transformation and interaction with plasma membranes of alpha Ni3S2 and beta NiS were studied on human embryonic pulmonary epithelial cells (L132 cell line) in culture. By establishing growth curves and survival curves, it was found that at equal molarity beta NiS has a higher inhibitory effect on cell growth than alpha Ni3S2 but a lower cytotoxic effect: the CL50 being 60 and 40 mumols/l respectively. As to their uptake, beta NiS crystals are preferentially phagocytized in their original form and then probably dissolved in the vacuoles, whereas alpha Ni3S2 is transformed in the extracellular space and in the phagocytic vacuoles into minute particles (10 nm) that are recovered bound to the cell membrane, phagocytic vacuoles and lysosomal membranes respectively. Energy dispersive spectrometry revealed that the particles bound to cell membranes no longer contain sulfur but only phosphorus and nickel as inorganic compounds. This observation suggests the formation of a Ni/P complex with the phosphate groups of membranous phospholipids and/or phosphotransferring proteins. The steady-state fluorescence polarization analysis, however, revealed a significant increase of membrane fluidity either induced by desaturation of aliphatic chains or directly by the cleavage of the fatty acid chains. These results clearly show a difference between beta NiS and alpha Ni3S2 concerning their cytotoxic effects, uptake, biological transformation and interaction with cell membranes.
SOME HYDRATES OF URANYL CHROMATE(VI). (1969)

With VMRCS, DRPs were more easily identified whether patients received medical care in the same hospital or not. DRPs could be efficiently prevented through the use of pre-downloaded patient prescription data. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ki67 Proliferation Index as a Tool for Chemotherapy Decisions During and After Neoadjuvant Aromatase Inhibitor Treatment of Breast Cancer: Results From the American College of Surgeons Oncology Group Z1031 Trial (Alliance) (2017)

Purpose To determine the pathologic complete response (pCR) rate in estrogen receptor (ER) -positive primary breast cancer triaged to chemotherapy when the protein encoded by the MKI67 gene (Ki67) level was > 10% after 2 to 4 weeks of neoadjuvant aromatase inhibitor (AI) therapy. A second objective was to examine risk of relapse using the Ki67-based Preoperative Endocrine Prognostic Index (PEPI). Methods The American College of Surgeons Oncology Group (ACOSOG) Z1031A trial enrolled postmenopausal women with stage II or III ER-positive (Allred score, 6 to 8) breast cancer whose treatment was randomly assigned to neoadjuvant AI therapy with anastrozole, exemestane, or letrozole. For the trial ACOSOG Z1031B, the protocol was amended to include a tumor Ki67 determination after 2 to 4 weeks of AI. If the Ki67 was > 10%, patients were switched to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. A pCR rate of > 20% was the predefined efficacy threshold. In patients who completed neoadjuvant AI, stratified Cox modeling was used to assess whether time to recurrence differed by PEPI = 0 score (T1 or T2, N0, Ki67 < 2.7%, ER Allred > 2) versus PEPI > 0 disease. Results Only two of the 35 patients in ACOSOG Z1031B who were switched to neoadjuvant chemotherapy experienced a pCR (5.7%; 95% CI, 0.7% to 19.1%). After 5.5 years of median follow-up, four (3.7%) of the 109 patients with a PEPI = 0 score relapsed versus 49 (14.4%) of 341 of patients with PEPI > 0 (recurrence hazard ratio [PEPI = 0 v PEPI > 0], 0.27; P = .014; 95% CI, 0.092 to 0.764). Conclusion Chemotherapy efficacy was lower than expected in ER-positive tumors exhibiting AI-resistant proliferation. The optimal therapy for these patients should be further investigated. For patients with PEPI = 0 disease, the relapse risk over 5 years was only 3.6% without chemotherapy, supporting the study of adjuvant endocrine monotherapy in this group. These Ki67 and PEPI triage approaches are being definitively studied in the ALTERNATE trial (Alternate Approaches for Clinical Stage II or III Estrogen Receptor Positive Breast Cancer Neoadjuvant Treatment in Postmenopausal Women: A Phase III Study; clinical trial information: NCT01953588).
Degradation of a-Factor by a <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> α-Mating-Type-Specific Endopeptidase: Evidence for a Role in Recovery of Cells from G <sub>1</sub> Arrest (1991)

Mating response between opposite mating types of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is dependent upon alpha factor, a tridecapeptide, and a-factor, an isoprenylated, methyl esterified dodecapeptide whose interaction with the alpha target cell has not been characterized. We report on the first biochemical and physiological evidence of an alpha-mating-type-specific a-factor-degrading activity. Radioiodinated a-factor was used to identify the a-factor-degrading activity, which is cell associated, endoproteolytic, and not required for response to pheromone. a-factor degradation was not energy dependent, nor did it require pheromone internalization or interaction with its receptor. Phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride and tosyl-L-arginyl-methyl ester inhibited degradation of a-factor and increased the time required by alpha cells to recover from a-factor-induced growth arrest and morphological alteration, providing evidence that a-factor degradation plays a role in the recovery of alpha cells from the pheromone response.
Dose-dependent hyperbaricoxygen stimulation ofhuman fibroblast proliferation (1997)

Diabetic wounds are characterized by a prolonged wound healing process with insufficientformation of granulation tissue.Systemic hyperbaric oxygen therapy has been observed to improve the healing of these wounds .However, the mechanism(s) responsible forthese findingsare not yet fullyelucidated .Inthe present study we have studied the invitroeffectsof hyperbaric oxygen on proliferationof human fibroblastsfrom normal skinand from chronic foot ulcers innon-insulin-dependent diabetics.A 1-hour exposure to hyperbaric oxygen at oxygen pressuresbetween 106 and 300 kPa (795 to 2250 mm Hg) increased the proliferationinboth diabetic and normal fibroblasts .The stimulatory effectwas dose-dependent, with a peak increase in cellproliferationat 250 kPa and 200 kPa fornormal and diabetic cells,respectively.The effectswere not due to hydrostatic pressureper se.These resultssuggest that hyperbaric oxygen could stimulatefibroblastactivityinthe diabetic wound, a findingthat could explain the enhanced formation of granulationtissueseen clinicallyinwounds treated with hyperbaric oxygen .We also speculate that mechanisms other than justincreased oxygen availabilitymay be responsible forour findings.(WOUND REP REG 1997 ;5:147-50) Wound healing involves several cell types, fibroblasts being among the most important for granulation tissue formation .'In normal undamaged tissue, fibroblastsare sparsely distributed throughout the connective tissue matrix and generally quiescent .'After injury, fibroblasts are activated to migrate from adjacent tissue into the wound sitewhere they proliferateand produce collagen, elastin,and proteoglycans, which will reconstruct the connective tissue.3 One characteristicof chronic diabetic wounds is insufficientformation of granulation tissue,which could be due to impaired fibroblastactivity.In animals with
Rapid, robust method for measuring low concentrations of albumin in urine (1990)

We describe a rapid particle-enhanced turbidimetric immunoassay for albumin in urine. Intra- and interassay CVs were less than 5% and less than 10%, respectively, the detection limit is 2 mg/L, and the working range extends to 200 mg/L. Mean analytical recovery of albumin added to centrifuged urines was 100% (SD 10.6%), and, when results were compared with those by the Pharmacia RIA, the correlation coefficient was 0.99. The working reagents are stable for at least six months; thus this assay is suited for both batch and urgent analysis.
The Human c- <i>ras</i> <sub>1</sub> <sup>H</sup> Oncogene: a Mutation in Normal and Neoplastic Tissue from the Same Patient (1983)

The c-ras1H oncogene can be distinguished from its normal cellular counterpart by the loss of a restriction endonuclease site. This sequence alteration is the basis of a rapid screening method for the presence of this oncogene. DNA's from 34 individuals were screened by this method, and all were homozygous for the normal allele. In contrast, DNA from a patient's bladder tumor, as well as DNA from his normal bladder and leukocytes, were heterozygous at that restriction endonuclease site. Further restriction enzyme mapping pinpointed the change in the mutant allele as being one of two nucleotides, either of which would change the 12th amino acid (glycine) in the normal c-ras1H gene product. Point mutations in the codon for this amino acid have previously been described in a bladder tumor cell line and in the viral oncogene v-rasH. These results indicate that the patient carried a c-ras1H oncogene in his germ line, raising the possibility that the c-ras1H oncogene confers a predisposition to neoplasia.
Sarcomatous Change After Sellar Irradiation in a Growth Hormone-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma (2003)

Post-irradiation sarcomas of the pituitary are well-recognized but rare. They should be suspected in patients following sellar irradiation who show abrupt onset of new symptoms and appropriate radiological findings, and such tumors may respond to cytotoxic chemotherapy.
The Cooperative Induction of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α and STAT3 during Hypoxia Induced an Impairment of Tumor Susceptibility to CTL-Mediated Cell Lysis (2009)

Hypoxia is an essential component of tumor microenvironment. In this study, we investigated the influence of hypoxia (1% PO(2)) on CTL-mediated tumor cell lysis. We demonstrate that exposure of target tumor cells to hypoxia has an inhibitory effect on the CTL clone (Heu171)-induced autologous target cell lysis. Such inhibition correlates with hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) induction but is not associated with an alteration of CTL reactivity as revealed by granzyme B polarization or morphological change. Western blot analysis indicates that although hypoxia had no effect on p53 accumulation, it induced the phosphorylation of STAT3 in tumor cells by a mechanism at least in part involving vascular endothelial growth factor secretion. We additionally show that a simultaneous nuclear translocation of HIF-1alpha and phospho-STAT3 was observed. Interestingly, gene silencing of STAT3 by small interfering RNA resulted in HIF-1alpha inhibition and a significant restoration of target cell susceptibility to CTL-induced killing under hypoxic conditions by a mechanism involving at least in part down-regulation of AKT phosphorylation. Moreover, knockdown of HIF-1alpha resulted in the restoration of target cell lysis under hypoxic conditions. This was further supported by DNA microarray analysis where STAT3 inhibition resulted in a partly reversal of the hypoxia-induced gene expression profile. The present study demonstrates that the concomitant hypoxic induction of phospho-STAT3 and HIF-1alpha are functionally linked to the alteration of non-small cell lung carcinoma target susceptibility to CTL-mediated killing. Considering the eminent functions of STAT3 and HIF-1alpha in the tumor microenvironment, their targeting may represent novel strategies for immunotherapeutic intervention.
INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL PERTURBATIONS IN ELECTRONIC SPECTROSCOPY. THE STARK SPECTRUM OF INDOLE-NH$_{3}$. (2011)

Work supported by NSF (CHE-0911117).
Non-elastic deformation of concrete under cyclic compression (1973)

Synopsis It is shown that, in comparison with a static stress, cyclic loading accelerates the non-elastic deformation of concrete. The resulting creep can be expressed as the sum of a mean-stress component and of a component which is dependent both upon the range of stress and upon the value of the mean stress.
Molecular beam epitaxy-grown wurtzite MgS thin films for solar-blind ultra-violet detection (2013)

Molecular beam epitaxy grown MgS on GaAs(111)B substrate was resulted in wurtzite phase, as demonstrated by detailed structural characterizations. Phenomenological arguments were used to account for why wurtzite phase is preferred over zincblende phase or its most stable rocksalt phase. Results of photoresponse and reflectance measurements performed on wurtzite MgS photodiodes suggest a direct bandgap at around 5.1 eV. Their response peaks at 245 nm with quantum efficiency of 9.9 and enjoys rejection of more than three orders at 320 nm and close to five orders at longer wavelengths, proving the photodiodes highly competitive in solar-blind ultraviolet detection.
Photoelectric Emission and Electrical Conductivity of the Cesium Complex with Pyrene Derivatives (1965)

Abstract On the basis o the charge transfer process of the complexes, the photoemission and the electronic conduction of the complexes between cesium and pyrene derivatives, tetranitropyrene (TNO2P), tetrachloropyrene (TClP), tetrabromopyrene (TBrP) and tetracyanopyrene (TCNP) have been measured. A strong increase in the quantum yield of photoemission, from 10−3–10−4 to 10−1–102, resulting from the formation of the complexes, has been found. The promotion may take place by means of an electron transfer from cesium metal to a partner molecule; [Cs+] [Aromatics−]. The assumption is supported by the findings concerning electron spin resonance absorption and charge-transfer spectra. The electrical resistivity of the complexes, ρ at 15°C of pyrene-Cs=2.1×104 Ωcm., (TClP)-Cs=8Ωcm., (TBrP)-Cs=1.6×101 Ωcm., (TNO2P)-Cs=2×106 Ωcm. and (TCNP)-Cs=6×105 Ωcm., is strongly affected by the contribution of the, dative-bond character of the complexes.
A constraint-based application model and scheduling techniques for power-aware systems (2001)

New embedded systems must be power-aware, not just low-power. That is, they must track their power sources and the changing power and performance constraints imposed by the environment. Moreover, they must fully explore and integrate many novel power management techniques. Unfortunately, these techniques are often incompatible with each other due to overspecialized formulations or they fail to consider system-wide issues. This paper proposes a new graph-based model to integrate novel power management techniques and facilitate design-space exploration of power-aware embedded systems. It captures min/max timing and min/max power constraints on computation and non-computation tasks through a new constraint classification and enables derivation of flexible system-level schedules. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this model with a power-aware scheduler on real mission-critical applications. Experimental results show that our automated techniques can improve performance and reduce energy cost simultaneously. The application model and scheduling tool presented in this paper form the basis of the IMPACCT system-level framework that will enable designers to aggressively explore many power-performance trade-offs with confidence.
Chromogenic Leucyl Substrates for Aminopeptidase and Papain (1955)

Two chromogenic l-leucyl aminopeptides have been prepared by a conventional method of peptide synthesis. These peptides are hydrolyzed by rat tissue extracts and human serum, urine and whole saliva as well as by pure papain. The L-leucyl-β-naphthylamide is more rapidly hydrolyzed by tissue extracts than previously suggested amino peptidase substrates, and hence gives promise of useful histo-chemical application.
ARIAL: RApid pRototyping for mIxed and pArallel pLatforms (2002)

Elsevier Science B.V. 4th quarter 2002
Static analysis and optimization of semantic web queries (2012)

Static analysis is a fundamental task in query optimization. In this paper we study static analysis and optimization techniques for SPARQL, which is the standard language for querying Semantic Web data. Of particular interest for us is the optionality feature in SPARQL. It is crucial in Semantic Web data management, where data sources are inherently incomplete and the user is usually interested in partial answers to queries. This feature is one of the most complicated constructors in SPARQL and also the one that makes this language depart from classical query languages such as relational conjunctive queries. We focus on the class of well-designed SPARQL queries, which has been proposed in the literature as a fragment of the language with good properties regarding query evaluation. We first propose a tree representation for SPARQL queries, called pattern trees, which captures the class of well-designed SPARQL graph patterns and which can be considered as a query execution plan. Among other results, we propose several transformation rules for pattern trees, a simple normal form, and study equivalence and containment. We also study the enumeration and counting problems for this class of queries.
Physics-based statistical signal processing for improved land mine detection and classification via decay rate estimation (2000)

Target discrimination via decay rate (pole) estimation has been proposed a an effective method for landmine and UXO detection. The physical basis for this strategy is that every object in the target library possesses a unique set of decay rates, or poles. In theory, these poles can be estimated from the measured EMI response and then utilized for target detection and subsequent discrimination and/or identification. Unfortunately, pole estimation is notoriously difficult and this difficulty adversely impacts target discrimination performance. We present simulation results that show that when the sensor/object orientation is not known, the time-domain signature of two objects with distinct sets of poles may be indistinguishable. Furthermore, this can occur even when the two sets of poles are not necessarily 'close' to each other. Since the basis for this approach to target detection and identification is that targets are uniquely characterized by their estimated poles, discrimination performance is dependent upon pole estimation performance. The Cramer-Rao lower bound, which provides a lower bound on the variance of an unbiased estimator, for the pole and amplitude coefficient estimates is utilized to investigate the fundamental limitations on target discrimination via pole estimation. It is shown how both the sampling strategy and the number of poles being estimated affect pole estimation performance. Detection and identification results are presented for simulated data.
An aggregation-mediated assembly of graphene oxide on amine-functionalized poly(glycidyl methacrylate) microspheres for core–shell structures with controlled electrical conductivity (2014)

We present a novel method for regulating the shell thickness of core–shell microspheres consisting of a polymer core and graphene oxide or a reduced graphene oxide shell.
Study of Liquid Impact Erosion in B2‐NiTi and Ti<sub>3</sub>Al Based Intermetallic Matrix Composites on Laser Alloyed Ti‐6Al‐4V (2007)

B2-NiTi and α2-Ti3Al based single and dual-phase intermetallic matrix composites (IMC) with TiC reinforcement was laser alloyed on Ti-6Al-4V using Ni/Al-VC and Al-Cr3C2 alloy powder mixtures. The microstructural characterisation of alloyed layers was carried out by optical and scanning electron microscopy. The hardness and elasto-plastic properties of the specimens were determined using Depth-sensing indentation (DSI) experiment. The erosion resistance of the specimens was evaluated using high-speed liquid impact test and an attempt was made to correlate the erosion resistance with DSI derived mechanical properties and microstructural features.
Endoneurial Fluid Is Hypertonic Results of Microanalysis and Its Significance in Neuropathy (1983)

A new technique has been developed for the microanalysis of interstitial fluid from peripheral nerve. Energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) was employed to measure X-ray fluorescence secondary to electron excitation of endoneurial fluid in order to determine the concentration of sodium, chloride, and potassium from 100 picoliter samples collected in situ. Normal Long-Evans (L-E) rats had endoneurial fluid electrolyte values which were higher than serum values and which explained the positive fluid pressure in peripheral nerve interstitium. Ten weeks after starting a diet containing 6% lead carbonate in powdered laboratory chow, endoneurial fluid electrolytes in LE rats were significantly reduced and approached serum electrolyte concentrations. This change occurred subsequent to angiopathy and increased permeability of the blood-nerve barrier. This sensitive new technique should provide previously unattainable data to assess the pathological role and the dynamics of the nerve fiber environment in relationship to early changes in nerve function.
Crystallographic structure systems (1996)

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Mode-beating in gain-switched iodine photodissociation laser pulses (1975)

Strong mode-beating effects producing nanosecond pulse widths have been observed in the 1.315 mu m output of iodine photodissociation lasers, showing the build-up of multimode oscillation in gain-switched pulses. Mode-beating can be controlled by using low gas pressure in the laser and limiting the pumping rate, resulting in a single frequency output.