gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Oak Ridge Flywheel Evaluation Laboratory. Annual report, April 1, 1979-September 30, 1979 (1979)

The Oak Ridge Flywheel Evaluation Laboratory (ORFEL) was assembled, and the initial stages of proof testing were completed in FY 1979. The significant accomplishments for the past year included the establishment of adequate full-time personnel; facility modification to reflect the emphasis on flywheel evaluation over simple testing; and the facility proof test involving two aluminum disk flywheels and one composite flywheel. This report contains details of the FY 1979 program plans for ORFEL, personal profiles of the dedicated manpower, and details of the tests performed.
Molecular and Cellular Pathogenesis of Depression and Mechanisms for Treatment Response (2013)

Early theories of depression were centered on the monoamines, but more recent work has focused on the amino acid neurotransmitters, glutamate and GABA. Imbalances of glutamate and GABA transmission in key cortical and limbic structures are thought to contribute to disruption of brain circuits that control emotion and mood. These imbalances, together with stress activated pathways that regulate neurotrophic factors and inflammatory cytokines could contribute to atrophy and loss of neurons observed in depressed patients and rodent stress models. The significance of synaptic connections in depression is highlighted by new studies demonstrating that a rapid acting, highly efficacious antidepressant agent increases synaptogenesis, paving the way for a new generation of medications for the treatment of depression.
Technological aspects of preparation of nanostructured titanium wire using a CONFORM machine (2014)

One of available ways to enhancing the efficiency of production of sections is combining the CONFORM continuous extrusion process and the ECAP method. This paper describes the initial experience with such a combined process deployed in the CONFORM 315i machine, which is equipped with a specially-designed die chamber. Process trials were performed to explore the effects of the set-up of the CONFORM equipment on the resulting microstructure of Ti wire. The feedstock was in the form of CP Ti grade 2 bars of 10 mm diameter. Crucial parameters of the process include the temperature of the die chamber, which was purposefully varied from the initial 500 °C to the final 200 °C, and the cooling stage, which was realized immediately upon the exit from the die chamber. The mean grain size, mechanical properties and thermal stability were measured and studied in the specimens upon forming. The smallest grain size was achieved by two passes at 200 °C.
Effect of pretreatments on the two-stage hydrogreatment of coal liquid vacuum residue. (1990)

The two-stage hydrotreatment of Morwell coal liquid vacuum residue (CLVR) were examined using an autoclave and a commercial Ni-Mo/Al2O3 catalyst under the conditions of 390°C-2h and 430°C-2h, before and after the solvent fractionation with THF or the pretreatment with HCl/THF. The THF soluble fraction of CLVR was further treated using a cation-exchange resin or an activated alumina column chromatography. The pretreatment of whole CLVR with HCl/THF was more effective in the recovery and maintaining the catalytic activity of nitrogen removal than the THF extraction through the selective removal of specific nitrogen-containing compounds. The catalytic activity for the aluminatreated CLVR-THFS was maintained at the higher level in nitrogen removal than that for cation-exchange treated one, although the recovery was much higher in the latter than the former treatment. Based on the above results, the mechanism of catalyst deactivation is discussed.
<i>In situ</i> Electric Field Manipulation of Ferroelectric Vortices (2019)

Journal Article In situ Electric Field Manipulation of Ferroelectric Vortices Get access Christopher T Nelson, Christopher T Nelson Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN USA Corresponding author: nelsonct@ornl.gov Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Zijian Hong, Zijian Hong Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Cheng Zhang, Cheng Zhang Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN USAMaterials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Ajay K Yadav, Ajay K Yadav Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Sujit Das, Sujit Das Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Shang-Lin Hsu, Shang-Lin Hsu Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA USAMolecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Miaofang Chi, Miaofang Chi Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Philip D Rack, Philip D Rack Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN USAMaterials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Long-Qing Chen, Long-Qing Chen Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Lane W Martin, Lane W Martin Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ... Show more Ramamoorthy Ramesh Ramamoorthy Ramesh Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 25, Issue S2, 1 August 2019, Pages 1844–1845, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927619009954 Published: 01 August 2019
Physical traits of cancer (2020)

The role of the physical microenvironment in tumor development, progression, metastasis, and treatment is gaining appreciation. The emerging multidisciplinary field of the physical sciences of cancer is now embraced by engineers, physicists, cell biologists, developmental biologists, tumor biologists, and oncologists attempting to understand how physical parameters and processes affect cancer progression and treatment. Discoveries in this field are starting to be translated into new therapeutic strategies for cancer. In this Review, we propose four physical traits of tumors that contribute to tumor progression and treatment resistance: (i) elevated solid stresses (compression and tension), (ii) elevated interstitial fluid pressure, (iii) altered material properties (for example, increased tissue stiffness, which historically has been used to detect cancer by palpation), and (iv) altered physical microarchitecture. After defining these physical traits, we discuss their causes, consequences, and how they complement the biological hallmarks of cancer.
Tissue and organ donation for research in forensic pathology: the MRC Sudden Death Brain and Tissue Bank (2007)

Novel methodological approaches to the investigation of brain and non-central nervous system disorders have led to increased demand for well-characterized, high quality human tissue samples, particularly from control cases. In the setting of the new Human Tissue legislation, we sought to determine whether relatives who have been suddenly bereaved are willing to grant authorization for research use of post mortem tissue samples and organs in sufficient numbers to support the establishment of a brain and tissue bank based in the forensic service. Research authorization was sought from families on the day prior to forensic post mortem examination followed up by written confirmation. We have to date selected individuals who have died suddenly (age range 1-89 years) and who were likely to have normal brains or who had displayed symptoms of a CNS disorder of interest to researchers, including psychiatric disorders. One hundred and eleven families have been approached during the first 2 years of this project. Research use of tissue samples was authorized by 96% of families and 17% agreed to whole brain donation. Audit of families' experience does not suggest that they are further distressed by being approached. Respondents expressed a clear view that the opportunity for research donation should be open to all bereaved families. Despite the sometimes long post mortem intervals, the quality of tissue samples is good, as assessed by a range of markers including Agilent BioAnalyzer quantification of RNA integrity (mean value 6.4). We conclude that the vast majority of families are willing to support research use of post mortem tissues even in the context of sudden bereavement and despite previous adverse publicity. The potential for acquisition of normal CNS and non-CNS tissues and of various hard-to-get CNS disorders suggests that efforts to access the forensic post mortem service for research material are eminently worthwhile.
CONTROL OF ANGULAR BACTERIAL LEAF SPOT DISEASE OF WATERMELON USING ADVANCED COPPER COMPOSITES (2018)

Angular leaf spot, caused by P. syringae, is one of the most important bacterial disease of watermelon. For disease management, growers rely on copper bactericides, which are effective after the first two weeks of transplanting, while they couldn’t be applied before that due to the high phytotoxicity they may cause to the plant. This study was undertaken to evaluate the antibacterial activity of three new copper composites, core-shell copper (CS-Cu), multivalent copper (MV-Cu), and fixed quaternary ammonium copper (FQ-Cu), as potential treatments to control the disease before the emergence of the first true leaf where copper is not available, and to identify the possibility of applying the newly designed copper composites during that period to significantly reduce secondary dispersal of disease inoculum. In vitro, 50 μg/ml of metallic copper from MV-Cu and FQ-Cu significantly reduced the P. syringae populations after 2hrs of exposure compared to the untreated control (P= 0.05) and were more effective than using the Kocide® 3000. Greenhouse studies demonstrated that MV-Cu and FQ-Cu significantly reduced the disease incidence compared to both Mankozeb+ Kocide® 3000 and untreated control when using the seed inoculation method. In contrast, none of the nano-composites significantly reduced disease incidence when using the spray inoculation method. MV-Cu and FQ-Cu managed to significantly reduce seedling to seedling disease transmission under greenhouse conditions (P = 0.05). This study highlights that copper composites have the potential to manage P. syringae in the first two weeks of transplanting and reducing the contamination rate from infected to healthy transplants
The Lenke Classification of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: How it Organizes Curve Patterns as a Template to Perform Selective Fusions of the Spine (2003)

Selective thoracic or thoracolumbar/lumbar fusions of the major curve can be successfully performed even when the minor curve completely deviates from the midline, based on the Lenke classification system, the analysis of structural criteria between the planned fused and unfused regions of the spine, and the clinical examination of the patient. Selective fusions, when successfully performed, will optimize mobile segments of the spine in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
Selective Catalytic Reduction Control with Multiple Injectors (2017)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Over the past decade urea-based selective catalytic reduction (SCR) has become a leading aftertreatment solution to meet increasingly stringent Nitrogen oxide (<i>NO<sub>x</sub></i>) emissions requirements in diesel powertrains. A common trend seen in modern SCR systems is the use of "split-brick" configurations where two SCR catalysts are placed in thermally distinct regions of the aftertreatment. One catalyst is close-coupled to the engine for fast light-off and another catalyst is positioned under-floor to improve performance at high space velocities. Typically, a single injector is located upstream of the first catalyst to provide the reductant necessary for efficient <i>NO<sub>x</sub></i> reduction. This paper explores the potential benefit, in terms of improved <i>NO<sub>x</sub></i> reduction, control of <i>NH</i><sub>3</sub> slip or reduced reductant consumption, of having independently actuated injectors in front of each catalyst. A dynamic programming approach is used to find optimal dosing strategies for both single and multiple injector installations over standard drive cycles. The resulting <i>NO<sub>x</sub></i> and <i>NH</i><sub>3</sub> emissions for each case are compared in simulation to provide insight into the conditions where multiple injectors provide the greatest benefit. With these ideal settings, a second injector is found to be advantageous in situations where the control authority of a single injector is restricted but provide limited benefit elsewhere.</div></div>
Towards sustainability: Alkyd resins and alkyd drying agents based on renewable resources (2005)

Coatings based on undepletable, renewable resources are increasingly desirable. Alkyd resins based or inulin or sucrose and unsaturated fatty acids or oils, showed a low intrisic viscosity, making them suitable to be used in high-solid alkyd paints. A new concept has been used to prepare effective, cobalt free, drying catalysts for both solvent and waterborne alkyd systems. Iron, in combination with ascorbic acid derivatives and optionally other ligands, was found to be a very effective drying catalyst.
Trust modeling for peer-to-peer based computing systems (2004)

The peer-to-peer approach to design large-scale systems has significant benefits including scalability, low cost of ownership, robustness, and ability to provide site autonomy. However, this approach has several drawbacks as well including trust issues and lack of coordination and control among the peers. We present a trust model for a peer-to-peer structured large-scale network computing system and completely define the trust model and describe the schemes used in it. Central to the model is the idea of maintaining a recommender network that can be used to obtain references about a target domain. Simulation results indicate that the trust model is capable of building and maintaining trust and also identifying the bad domains.
A combination of capillary assembly and dielectrophoresis for wafer scale integration of carbon nanotubes-based electrical and mechanical devices (2011)

The wafer scale integration of carbon nanotubes (CNT) remains a challenge for electronic and electromechanical applications. We propose a novel CNT integration process relying on the combination of controlled capillary assembly and buried electrode dielectrophoresis (DEP). This process enables to monitor the precise spatial localization of a high density of CNTs and their alignment in a pre-defined direction. Large arrays of independent and low resistivity (4.4 x 10^-5 Ω.m) interconnections were achieved using this hybrid assembly with double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNT). Finally, arrays of suspended individual CNT carpets have been realized and we demonstrate their potential use as functional nano-electromechanical systems (NEMS) by monitoring their resonance frequencies (ranging between 1.7 MHz to 10.5MHz) using a Fabry-Perot interferometer.
AFOSR/ONR Contractors' Meeting on Combustion Rocket Propulsion Diagnostics of Reacting Flow Held in Ann Arbor, Michigan on 19-23 June 1989 (1989)

Abstract : Abstracts are given for research on airbreathing combustion, rocket propulsion, and diagnostic of reacting flow supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research and the Office of Naval Research. (JES)
Visualization of Acoustic Surface Waves in an Experimental Fabry-Perot Interferometer (1970)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text R. L. Lawson, B. J. Hunsinger, and F. Y. Cho, "Visualization of Acoustic Surface Waves in an Experimental Fabry-Perot Interferometer," Appl. Opt. 9, 2805-2807 (1970) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
The eukaryotic protein kinase superfamily: kinase (catalytic) domain structure and classification <sup>1</sup> (1995)

The eukaryotic protein kinases make up a large superfamily of homologous proteins. They are related by virtue of their kinase domains (also known as catalytic domains), which consist of ≈ 250‐300 amino acid residues. The kinase domains that define this group of enzymes contain 12 conserved subdomains that fold into a common catalytic core structure, as revealed by the 3‐dimensional structures of severed protein‐serine kinases. There are two main subdivisions within the superfamily: the protein‐serine/threonine kinases and the protein‐tyrosine kinases. A classification scheme can be founded on a kinase domain phylogeny, which reveals families of enzymes that have related substrate specificities and modes of regulation.—Hanks, S. K., Hunter, T. The eukaryotic protein kinase superfamily: kinase (catalytic) domain structure and classification. FASEB J. 9, 576‐596 (1995)
Spectroscopic Methods in Mineralogy and Materials Sciences (2014)

(RIMG vol.78), Grant S. Henderson, Daniel R. Neuville and Robert T. Downs, editors. (2014) Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, i–xvii + 569 pages. ISBN 0-939950-84-7; ISBN13 978-0-939950-84-3. http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/rim78.html

Spectroscopic techniques for mineralogical analysis are expanding and improving at an extremely rapid pace. Spectroscopic Methods in Mineralogy and Materials Sciences builds on the foundation presented by its predecessor, Reviews in Mineralogy Vol. 18, Spectroscopic Methods in Mineralogy and Geology , presenting both new techniques and updates to some of those presented in the earlier volume. As a whole, the volume is well organized and related chapters by different authors cross-reference one another, providing complementary information without duplicating background information. Most of the chapters provide an overview of the fundamental physics exploited by their respective techniques, the benefits and limitations, and examples of geological problems to which the techniques are applicable. Thus, this book should be helpful both as a general introduction to the array of spectroscopic methods available to mineralogists and materials scientists and as a more rigorous reference volume describing different techniques for those seeking to address a specific scientific problem. Like many of the other RIMG volumes, Spectroscopic Methods in Mineralogy and Materials Sciences is a valuable resource for graduate students and experienced researchers alike.

The volume begins with a series of chapters on X-ray techniques. Chapter 1 introduces X-ray diffraction theory, including the characteristics and advantages of different types of X-ray sources available, from lower energy sources used in local laboratories through high-energy synchrotron sources. This general information provides a foundation for both the X-ray diffraction techniques described in this chapter, as well as for later chapters that focus on different X-ray techniques. It goes on to explain the different methods available …
Ionic Conductivity of an Extruded Nafion 1100 EW Series of Membranes (2002)

The proton conductivity of a series of extruded Nafion membranes @of equivalent weight ~EW! of 1100 and nominal dry thickness of 51, 89, 127, and 178 mm# has been studied. Measurements were made in 1 M H2SO4 at 298 K using a four-electrode, dc technique. The membrane area resistance increases with thickness, as expected, from 0.07 to 0.16 V cm2 for Nafion 112 and Nafion 117, respectively. However, in contrast to the published literature, after correcting for the membrane thickness, the conductivity of the membranes decreases with decreasing membrane thickness. For example, values of 0.083 and 0.16 S cm21 were obtained for Nafion 112 and 117 membranes, respectively. In situ current-interrupt measurements in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell confirmed the relatively poor conductivity of the membrane electrode assemblies ~MEAs! based on the thinner membranes. While a high contact resistance to the electrodes may have contributed to the in situ MEA resistance, water balance measurements over the MEA showed that the high resistance was not due to a low water content or to an uneven water distribution in the MEAs. The implications of the findings for the understanding of the membrane properties are discussed.
Comparative restriction endonuclease maps of proviral DNA of the primate type C simian sarcoma-associated virus and gibbon ape leukemia virus group (1982)

Extrachromosomal DNA was purified from canine thymus cells acutely infected with different strains of infectious primate type C viruses of the woolly monkey (simian) sarcoma helper virus and gibbon ape leukemia virus group. All DNA preparations contained linear proviral molecules of 9.1 to 9.2 kilobases, at least some of which represent complete infectious proviral DNA. Cells infected with a replication-defective fibroblast-transforming sarcoma virus and its helper, a replication-competent nontransforming helper virus, also contained a 6.6- to 6.7-kilobase DNA. These proviral DNA molecules were digested with different restriction endonucleases, and the resultant fragments were oriented to the viral RNA by a combination of partial digestions, codigestion with more than one endonuclease, digestion of integrated proviral DNA, and hybridization with 3'- and 5'-specific viral probes. The 3'- and 5'-specific probes each hybridized to fragments from both ends of proviral DNA, indicating that, in common with those of other retroviruses, these proviruses contain a large terminal redundancy at both ends, each of which consists of sequences derived from both the 3' and 5' regions of the viral RNA. The proviral sequences are organized 3',5'-unique-3',5'. Four restriction enzymes (KpnI, SmaI, PstI, and SstI) recognized sites within the large terminal redundancies, and these sites were conserved within all the isolates tested. This suggests that both the 3' and 5' ends of the genomic RNA of these viruses are extremely closely related. In contrast, the restriction sites within the unique portion of the provirus were not strongly conserved within this group of viruses, even though they were related along most of their genomes. Whereas the 5' 60 to 70% of the RNA of these viruses was more closely related by liquid hybridization experiments than was the 3' 30 to 40%, restriction sites within this region were not preferentially conserved, suggesting that small sequence differences or point mutations or both exist throughout the entire unique portion of the genome among these viruses.
Synthesis and Reactivity of a Neutral, Three‐Coordinate Platinum(II) Complex Featuring Terminal Amido Ligation (2015)

Abstract A crystallographically characterized three‐coordinate, formally 14 electron Pt II complex 1 featuring terminal amido ligation is reported. Computational analysis revealed relatively weak π donation from the amide lone pair to platinum and supports a 14‐electron assignment for 1 . Stoichiometric reactivity studies confirmed the viability of net OH and CH addition across, as well as isonitrile insertion into, the terminal platinum–amido linkage of 1 .