gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of single versus multiple dosing on perfluorochemical distribution and elimination during partial liquid ventilation (1999)

The objective of this study was to quantitate perfluorochemical (PFC) elimination kinetics during partial liquid ventilation (PLV) following an initial fill with or without hourly dosing. Young New Zealand rabbits were studied in two groups: Gr I (n = 6), PLV with a single dose of PFC liquid (perflubron: LiquiVent, Alliance Pharmaceutical Corp.); and Gr II (n = 5), PLV with PFC liquid and multiple hourly dosing . All rabbits were studied for 4 h, following initial instillation of a volume of PFC liquid equal to the measured gas functional residual capacity. Animals were ventilated at a constant breathing frequency (30 br/min), tidal volume (9.3+/-0.3 SE mL/kg), positive end expiratory pressure (4 cm H2O), and inspiratory time (0.30 s). PFC saturation of mixed expired gas (PFC-Sat) was assessed with a thermal conductivity analyzer, and PFC elimination was calculated from PFC-Sat, minute ventilation, and temperature of the expired gas. In GR II, PFC was supplemented hourly at a volume determined by PFC elimination calculations. The results demonstrated a decrease in PFC-sat and PFC loss with time, independent of group (P< 0.05). In addition, with hourly supplementation (GR II), PFC-Sat and PFC elimination over time was significantly (P < 0.05) greater than in animals (GR I) which did not receive additional doses. These data demonstrate that the PFC elimination rate is not constant and is related to the amount of PFC in the respiratory system. This may have occurred due to distributional differences of ventilation and PFC liquid between the single and multiple dosing groups. These findings also suggest that evaluation of PFC concentrations in expired gas may be a clinically useful index of intrapulmonary PFC distribution during PLV, and that maintained elevation of expired gas PFC saturation may guide optimal PFC dosing intervals and distribution to maximize protection against barotrauma.
Advances in acoustic monitoring and control of focused ultrasound-mediated increases in blood-brain barrier permeability (2018)

Transcranial focused ultrasound (FUS) combined with intravenously circulating microbubbles can transiently and selectively increase blood-brain barrier permeability to enable targeted drug delivery to the central nervous system, and is a technique that has the potential to revolutionize the way neurological diseases are managed in medical practice. Clinical testing of this approach is currently underway in patients with brain tumors, early Alzheimer's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. A major challenge that needs to be addressed in order for widespread clinical adoption of FUS-mediated blood-brain barrier permeabilization to occur is the development of systems and methods for real-time treatment monitoring and control, to ensure that safe and effective acoustic exposure levels are maintained throughout the procedures. This review gives a basic overview of the oscillation dynamics, acoustic emissions, and biological effects associated with ultrasound-stimulated microbubbles in vivo, and provides a summary of recent advances in acoustic-based strategies for detecting, controlling, and mapping microbubble activity in the brain. Further development of next-generation clinical FUS brain devices tailored towards microbubble-mediated applications is warranted and required for translation of this potentially disruptive technology into routine clinical practice.
Pre-Service English Teachers' Attitudes towards Teaching English Language Learners (2015)

The purpose of this study was to investigate pre-se rvice English teachers' attitudes toward the inclusion of English Language Learners (ELLs) in mainstream classrooms. The main themes addressed in this stud y included pre-service English teachers' perceptions of their professional trainin g, responsibilities, and overall perceptions of ELLs. The sample in this study incl uded graduate English education majors in a licensure MAT program. Data was collect ed by allowing participants to respond to an online survey. Overall, participants indicated positive attitudes towards working with ELLs in mainstream classrooms.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIVITY OF COORDINATED DISULFIDES. 2. COMPETITIVE SULFUR‐SULFUR AND COBALT‐SULFUR BOND CLEAVAGE IN THE BASE HYDROLYSIS OF THE TERT‐BUTYL DISULFIDE‐COBALT(III) COMPLEX ((EN)2CO(S(SC(CH3)3)CH2CH2NH2))3+ (1985)

Abstract Während die früher untersuchte Hydrolyse der Disulfid‐Komplexe (Ib) ausschließlich zu dem Thiolato‐Komplex (II) neben organischen S‐Verbindungen erfolgt, liefert die basische Hydrolyse des Titelkomplexes (Ia) neben (II) den durch Co‐S‐Bindungsspaltung gebildeten Komplex (III).
Reinforcement of Highly Proton Conducting Multi‐Block Copolymers by Online Crosslinking (2014)

Abstract Multi‐block copolymers with sulfonated polysulfones as hydrophilic blocks and polyethersulfones as hydrophobic blocks have been modified by two methods: covalent and ionic crosslinking. Both methods can easily be integrated into a membrane casting process and improve the membrane properties considerably: water uptake or swelling is decreased and the mechanical stability of the membranes is strongly increased, not only in terms of higher moduli but especially with respect to much higher fracture toughness. The phase‐separated morphology is not severely affected by crosslinking so that the advantageous properties of such membranes are retained. Covalent crosslinking is preferred since it does not sacrifice proton conductivity at all.
Suppression of bias fluctuation in direction switched fiber laser gyroscope (1999)

We describe our observation of bias frequency fluctuation resulted from an interplay between the optical Kerr effect and backscattering in a direction switched mode-locked Er-doped fiber laser gyroscope. We show that it can be suppressed by a push-pull phase modulation.
The distribution of osmiophilic lamellae within the alveolar and bronchiolar walls of the mammalian lungs as revealed by osmium‐ethanol treatment (1972)

Abstract Osmiophilia of the cellular elements of the alveoli and bronchioles was investigated using the new technique of second osmication with a solution containing a mixture of osmium tetroxide and ethanol. Previously this method was used to reveal osmiophilic periodic lamellae of synthetic dipalmitoyl lecithin and the surface film of the acellular alveolar lining layer of the mammalian lung in thin sections. In the present experiments, much of the osmiophilic content of inclusions in type II epithelial cells became visible only after second osmication with osmium‐ethanol but was not visible with the initial osmium tetroxide fixation. The osmiophilic content of the inclusions showed 42 Å periodicity. These results are in accord with those obtained in the study of dipalmitoyl lecithin and the surface film, suggesting that the inclusions are the precursors of the pulmonary surfactant. Several new observations were made with this technique. These include osmiophilic lamellae within Golgi saccules, within the multivesicular bodies of type II cells, in the vesicles of type I epithelial cells, and in the basement membranes of epithelial cells. These observations are consistent with the idea that the Golgi apparatus and multivesicular bodies are closely related to the production of surfactant and that the surfactant may be disposed of by type I epithelial cells after engulfment by pinocytosis. Thereafter, the surfactant may eventually be cleared through the lymphatics. Clara cell granules behaved differently and were thought to be an unlikely site for the synthesis of the pulmonary surfactant.
The next generation of HIV/AIDS drugs: novel and developmental antiHIV drugs and targets (2003)

There are presently 42 million people worldwide living with HIV/AIDS, the majority of which have limited access to antiretrovirals. Even if worldwide penetration was possible, our current chemotherapeutic strategies still suffer from issues of cost, patient compliance, deleterious acute and chronic side effects, emerging single and multidrug resistance, and generalized treatment and economic issues. Even our best antiretroviral therapeutic strategy, highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), falls short of completely suppressing HIV replication. Therefore, expansion of current therapeutic options by discovering new antiretrovirals and targets will be critical in the coming years. This review addresses the current status of reverse transcriptase and protease inhibitor development, and summarizes the progress in emerging classes of HIV inhibitors, including entry (T-20, T-1249), coreceptor (SCH-C, SCH-D), integrase (beta-Diketos) and p7 nucleocapsid Zn finger inhibitors (thioesters and PATEs). In addition, the processes of virus entry, PIC transport to the nucleus, HIV interaction with nuclear pores, Tat function, Rev function and virus budding (Tsg101 and ubiquitination) are examined, and proof of concept inhibitors and potential antiviral targets discussed.
Abstract 1676: Associations between hormone therapy with incident colorectal cancer by p53 protein expression in a population-based cohort of older women (2012)

Abstract Background: Cigarette smoking (CS) is an established colorectal cancer (CRC) risk factor. The p53 protein, encoded by the TP53 tumor suppressor gene that is commonly mutated in CRC, is important in cell cycle arrest needed to repair DNA damage or induce apoptosis to prevent tumor propagation. In this prospective cohort study, we examined CS-associated CRC risks by p53 protein expression level in the population-based Iowa Women's Health Study (IWHS). Methods: The IWHS recruited 41,836 randomly selected Iowa women, ages 55-69 years, with a valid driver's license at study entry (1986). CS and other exposure variables were assessed at baseline, by self-report. Incident CRC cases were ascertained by annual linkage with the Iowa Cancer Registry. Archived, paraffin-embedded tissue specimens were collected from 732 CRC cases diagnosed through 12/31/2002. CS was categorized by smoking status (never, current, former), average number of cigarettes per day (1-19, 20-39, &gt; 40) and cumulative pack-years (1-19, 20-39, &gt; 40). P53 protein expression was determined by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays. Tumor cores were scored by combining both staining intensity and percent of cells stained to determine negative, low or high p53 protein expression levels. Multivariate Cox regression models were fit to estimate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Of the 732 available CRC cases, 486 (66%) had complete CS and p53 data. Associations between CS and CRC subtypes defined by p53 expression level are shown in the Table. Conclusions: These data demonstrate no clear heterogeneity of CS with CRC subtypes defined by p53 expression levels among older women. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1676. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1676
[Ultrasonographic diagnosis of amniotic band syndrome in pregnancy]. (1990)

The amniotic band syndrome comprises a heterogenous group of congenital deformities which originate from rupture of the amnion during the early stages of fetal development. The diagnosis of the syndrome in the newborn is difficult because of the wide spectrum of anomalies, and its resemblance to other genetic or developmental deformities. The prenatal diagnosis of the syndrome is possible when there is ultrasonographic demonstration of multiple, nonembryological anomalies, with or without visualization of amniotic bands floating in the amniotic fluid. We recently diagnosed prenatally 3 fetuses affected by this condition. 2 were members of different twin pregnancies who presented with severe multiple malformations, and the other was a singleton with a big facial cleft and Pierre-Robin syndrome.
Palladium-Catalyzed Cyclocarbonylation-Decarboxylation of Diethyl(2-iodoaryl)malonates with Vinyl Ketones Affording Functionalized Enolic 2-Acyl-3,4-dihydronaphthalenones (2009)

A wide variety of enolic tautomers of functionalized 2-acyl-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-ones were obtained in moderate to excellent yields by the palladium-catalyzed cyclocarbonylation-decarboxylation of diethyl(2-iodoaryl)malonates with vinyl ketones and carbon monoxide. The reaction may proceed via the formation of a keto-diester, followed by oxidative addition, CO insertion, intramolecular cyclization, and decarboxylation to give the enolic substituted 2-acyldihydronaphthalenones.
Screening for Wound‐induced Oxylipins in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> by Differential HPLC‐APCI/MS Profiling of Crude Leaf Extracts and Subsequent Characterisation by Capillary‐scale NMR (2008)

A simple non-targeted differential HPLC-APCI/MS approach has been developed in order to survey metabolome modifications that occur in the leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana following wound-induced stress. The wound-induced accumulation of metabolites, particularly oxylipins, was evaluated by HPLC-MS analysis of crude leaf extracts. A generic, rapid and reproducible pressure liquid extraction procedure was developed for the analysis of restricted leaf samples without the need for specific sample preparation. The presence of various oxylipins was determined by head-to-head comparison of the HPLC-MS data, filtered with a component detection algorithm, and automatically compared with the aid of software searching for small differences in similar HPLC-MS profiles. Repeatability was verified in several specimens belonging to different series. Wound-inducible jasmonates were efficiently highlighted by this non-targeted approach without the need for complex sample preparation as is the case for the 'oxylipin signature' procedure based on GC-MS. Furthermore this HPLC-MS screening technique allowed the isolation of induced compounds for further characterisation by capillary-scale NMR (CapNMR) after HPLC scale-up. In this paper, the screening method is described and applied to illustrate its potential for monitoring polar and non-polar stress-induced constituents as well as its use in combination with CapNMR for the structural assignment of wound-induced compounds of interest.
Pharmacogenetic‐pharmacokinetic relationships for desipramine (2003)

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73 , P76–P76; doi:
The dissociative recombination of cold polyatomic molecular ions measured at a storage ring (1997)

Dissociative Recombination (DR) is a major process in planetary ionospheres and interstellar clouds. The branching ratio in the dissociative recombination of the astrophysically important species H3O+, H2O+ and CH3+ with low energy electrons is presented. The molecular ions were stored and vibrationally cooled in the ASTRID storage ring of Aarhus Denmark. The recombination was measured by merging the ions with the electron cooler. All the branching ratios were measured directly for the first time. The three body dissociation was found to be a major channel, a fact that was neglected previously in common interstellar chemical models.
[Juvenile fibromatosis with isolated intra-abdominal form. Apropos of 2 cases]. (1987)

Among infantile fibromatosis, isolated intra-abdominal forms are the most unusual. The authors report two cases, a hepatic fibromatosis in an eleven year old girl, and a desmoïd tumor located in the jejunal mesentery in a ten month old infant. Pre-operative diagnosis is very difficult and histologic findings show a benign fibroblastic proliferation that tends to infiltrate surrounding tissues and often recur after surgical excision.
Synthesis and Characterization of Two New Schiff-Bases and Their Soluble Linear Cerium(IV) Polymers (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and Characterization of Two New Schiff-Bases and Their Soluble Linear Cerium(IV) PolymersHuiyong Chen, Jon A. Cronin, and Ronald D. ArcherCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1995, 34, 9, 2306–2315Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00113a010https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00113a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views789Altmetric-Citations51LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
A New Type of Magnetic Motion Sensor and Its Application (1993)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A new type of sensor capable of sensing the direction and velocity of motion of smooth surfaced metallic targets is described. The sensor consists of a small permanent magnet and a magnetic field sensor displaced from each other along the line of motion, each at a small fixed distance from the target surface. Operation is based on the motion dependent location, strength and polarity of magnetic field sources created within proximate target regions via their passage through the field of the magnet. The fields arising from these target regions are detected by the magnetic field sensors, typically Hall effect or magnetoresistive devices. With ferromagnetic targets, a non-volatile memory of the direction of last occurring motion is also provided. Utility of these sensing capabilities is illustrated by descriptions of applications for automatic turn signal canceling and antitheft devices, back-up alarm activation and for engine misfire detection via crankshaft speed variation.</div>
Charge pumping technique for the evaluation of plasma induced edge damage in shallow S/D extension thin gate oxide NMOSFETs (2002)

Plasma etching of polysilicon in an MOS device during the gate definition induces the plasma edge damage at the corner of the gate. In this paper, we address the interaction between edge damage, antenna effect and hot carrier degradation and their impact on device reliability. An accurate charge pumping profiling technique has been proposed to characterize the resulting damage. A three-phase edge damage process has been proposed. It is shown that interface trap degradation is the dominant impact of the plasma induced edge damage. The edge damage will enhance the short channel device HC degradation under long-term circuit operation.
TOPOLOGICAL COSMOLOGY ON GRAPH MANIFOLDS (2006)

An extended BF-type model is constructed, in which an analogue of electric-magnetic duality is present, as well as the U(1) -symmetry characteristic for the low-energy effective Seiberg–Witten theory. It is shown that, in this model, the coupling constants matrices are identified on the classical level with the basic topological invariants of the spacetime Euclidean regions, that is, with the intersection matrices of the respective cobordisms or V-manifolds. It is also shown that at the purely topological level there exists a strong-weak coupling duality; it manifests itself by the presence of mutually inverse rational and integer intersection forms of plumbed V-cobordisms describing tunnel topology changes. We find a naive correspondence between the classical extended Abelian BF-model and the Seiberg-Witten theory with the SU(r + 1)-symmetry breakdown.
Evaluation of Alloy Components from a Biomass Gasifier (2009)

Abstract Commercial alloy tube components from a biomass gasifier were removed and characterized to quantify the extent of corrosion. The Fe-and Ni-base outer bed tubes exposed to the fluidized bed of the gasifier had a metal temperature of ~700°C. Oxalic acid etching suggested that all of the bed tubes were internally carburized. However, evidence of grain boundary carbides or sigma phase was not apparent using electron microprobe. Both chromia-and alumina-forming shield tubes were placed inside the bed tubes to shield the combustion flame from overheating the bed tubes. These tubes were exposed to a much higher temperature oxidizing environment. As expected, the alumina-forming shield tube material showed less degradation. However, the Al depletion profiles were much higher than typically observed in laboratory tests. Compared to laboratory exposures of the chromia-forming shield tube alloy, the Cr depletion profiles measured in the shield tube suggest that the metal temperature was much lower than 1100°C.
Abasic Site Recognition in DNA as a New Strategy To Potentiate the Action of Anticancer Alkylating Drugs? (1999)

Inhibition of abasic site repair in the cell seems an attractive strategy to potentiate the action of antitumor DNA alkylating drugs. Molecules that bind specifically and strongly to the abasic site are possible candidates to achieve such inhibition. We explored this strategy by preparing molecule 4 that incorporates (1) an aminoacridine intercalator for DNA binding, (2) an adenine moiety for abasic site recognition, and (3) a linker containing two guanidinium functions to increase binding to DNA without inducing cleavage at the base-sensitive abasic site. Compound 4 was compared to analogues containing secondary amines, i.e., 1. We report on synthesis of the new heterodimer 4. We show by physicochemical studies-including determination of association constants with calf-thymus DNA, T(m) measurements, and high-field NMR examination of the complexes formed with abasic DNA duplexes-that 4 binds specifically and more strongly to the abasic site than the analogues. Compound 4 does not cleave abasic plasmid DNA. Compound 4 shows apparent synergy with the anticancer bischloroethylnitrosourea (BCNU) in L1210 and A549 cell lines in vitro. It potentiates BCNU in the in vivo tests. The results favor the pertinence of the strategy.