gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance of Eyes-Free Mobile Authentication (2018)

Mobile device users avoiding observational attacks and coping with situational impairments may employ techniques for eyes-free mobile unlock authentication, where a user enters his/her passcode without looking at the device. This study supplies an initial description of user accuracy in performing this authentication behavior with PIN and pattern passcodes, with varying lengths and visual characteristics. Additionally, we inquire if tactile-only feedback can provide assistive spatialization to support users when interacting with the mobile interface, finding that orientation cues prior to unlocking do not help. A within-group, randomized study was conducted with 26 participants. 1,021 passcode entry gestures were performed under eyes-free conditions. Edit distance measurements were then calculated. Gesture traces and subjective feedback were recorded for subsequent analysis. We found that users who focused on orienting themselves to position the first digit of the passcode using the tactile feedback performed better in the task. These results could be applied to better define eyes-free behavior in further research, and to design better and more secure methods for eyes-free authentication.
Dietary fiber, phytoestrogens, and breast cancer. (1992)

The hypothesis that diet exerts an influence on breast cancer risk has emphasized a role for fat, and current dietary intervention trials to reduce that risk are designed specifically to decrease fat consumption to 15-20% of total calories. There is, however, mounting evidence that dietary fiber has a protective effect and may favorably modify the enhanced breast cancer risk associated with the typical American high-fat low-fiber diet. These data come largely from epidemiological studies, but a few experiments with animal models have also been performed. The mechanisms concerned probably involve estrogen metabolism and bioactivity, both by effects on the enterohepatic circulation of estrogens and the actions of fiber-associated phytoestrogens. More studies are essential to determine the specific types of dietary fiber that are likely to affect the risk of breast cancer, and an appropriate modification in fiber intake should then be added to dietary fat reduction in any future clinical intervention trials designed to demonstrate a favorable influence on breast cancer incidence.
Quasi-cyclic LDPC codes from difference families (2002)

Abstract — We consider in this paper regular and nearly regular quasi-cyclic low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes, derived from families of dif-ference sets. The codes have girth at least 6, and sparse parity-check matrices. They are designed to perform well when iteratively decoded with the sum-product decoding algorithm and to allow low complexity encoding. I.
Cataract surgery in patients with history of uveitis (2011)

Cataract surgery in patients with uveitis is not as simple as any senile cataract surgery. Recent evidence suggests that useful visual outcome can be achieved in most of the cases if they are handled meticulously. Key factors leading to improved visual outcome are absolute control of preoperative inflammation with diligent use of immunomodulatory drugs, meticulous surgery along with early detection and care of postoperative complications. Modern technologies in the intraocular lens designs and materials have contributed to the success. In this article, we review the literature on this subject with emphasis on the importance of the use of immunomodulatory drugs to control preoperative and postoperative intraocular inflammation and avoid complications.
3 Fiber Line Switched Ring (2007)

This paper describes a new optical network ring protection scheme, which leads to increased revenue and flexibility compared to existing protection schemes of 2 fiber BLSR/MS-spring and 4 fiber BLSR/MS-spring.
A study on the coverage and time-lag of Zasshi Kiji Sakuin (Japanese Periodicals Index) (1969)

After examining the evaluation of periodicals indexes, the writer reports the results of his survey on Zasshi Kiji Sakuin (Japanese Periodicals Index) which is the representative periodicals index in Japan. The survey covered fields of medicine and pharmacology on; 1) kinds and number of titles indexed, 2) criteria for selection of articles to be indexed, 3) time-lag. The survey revealed the following three points: 1) The number of titles indexed (1966) is 292. Zasshi kiji Sakuin; Kagaku gijutsu hen (Japapese Periodicals Index; Science and Technology) covers approximately 35% of Igaku Chuo Zasshi (Japana Centra Revuo Medicina). 2) The criteria for selection of articles to be indexed is fairly satisfactory. 3) The time-lag in the National Diet Library where the Index is edited is about 90 days while the same in the Kitasato Memorial Medical Library is approximately 120 days.
Design and control of operating manipulator for excavator working device (2012)

In order to keep the operator safe when excavator is working in dangerous areas, an operating manipulator is designed for excavator working device. The manipulator is mainly made up of three parts: mechanical structure design, hydraulic circuit design and control system design. The 3d model of mechanical structure is built and analyzed. The model of the control system is built, the PID controller is designed and the control effect is tested by simulation analysis.
SAGE II measurements of early Pinatubo aerosols (1992)

SAGE II satellite measurements of the Mt. Pinatubo eruption cloud in the stratosphere during June, July, and early August 1991 show that aerosols in the tropics reached as high as 29 km altitude with most of the cloud between 20 and 25 km. The most optically thick portions of the cloud covered latitudes from 10°S to 30°N during the early part of this period. By late July, high stratospheric optical depths were observed to at least 70°N, with the high values north of about 30°N from layers below 20 km. High pressure systems in both hemispheres were observed to be correlated with the movement of volcanic material at 21 km into the westerly jet stream at high southern latitudes and similarly to high northern latitudes at 16 km. By August, the entire Southern Hemisphere had experienced a 10‐fold increase in optical depth relative to early July due to layers above 20 km. Initial mass calculations using SAGE II data place the aerosol produced from this eruption at 20 to 30 megatonnes, well above the 12 megatonnes produced by El Chichon.
Neural networks compared to statistical techniques (2002)

Pattern identification of stock market moves or fraudulent credit card purchases have focused on the use of statistical and neural network techniques. This project for a major credit card encompassed these two techniques in the detection of fraudulent patterns of card holder activity. The results are reported. Fraud is a crime although there are variations in its definition among the statutes of various countries where the credit card is used. Fraud is subdivided into the following categories: lost, stolen, not received, counterfeit, fraudulent application, fraudulent use of card, and other. The focus of the study is the fraudulent use of the card. Specifically, the objectives of the study were to develop a scientific approach to risk pattern analysis and to initiate development projects which significantly increase the bank's ability to identify and control risky transaction patterns. The industry's fraud accounts for over two billion dollars in losses each year. Although fraud losses are high in absolute dollars, they are only a small proportion of total activity. Thus, the problem of risk pattern recognition can be characterized as looking for a large number of needles in an enormously large haystack. The data used in this study include actual transactions organized by account over a six month period. Fraudulent transactions are clearly identified. This allows one to segment the accounts into good and bad meaning those that had one or more fraudulent transactions. Over fifty million transactions were used in the analysis.
The Role of the Dodecamer Subunit in the Dissociation and Reassembly of the Hexagonal Bilayer Structure of Lumbricus terrestris Hemoglobin (1996)

The dissociation of the approximately 3500-kDa hexagonal bilayer (HBL) hemoglobin (Hb) of Lumbricus terrestris upon exposure to Gdm salts, urea and the heteropolytungstates [SiW11O39]8- (SiW), [NaSb9W21O86]18- (SbW) and [BaAs4W40O140]27- (AsW) at neutral pH was followed by gel filtration, SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and scanning transmission electron microscopy. Elution curves were fitted to sums of exponentially modified gaussians to represent the peaks due to undissociated oxyHb, D (approximately 200 kDa), T+L (approximately 50 kDa), and M (approximately 25 kDa) (T = disulfide-bonded trimer of chains a c, M = chain d, and L = linker chains). OxyHb dissociation decreased in the order Gdm*SCN > Gdm.Cl > urea > Gdm.OAc and AsW > SbW > SiW. Scanning transmission electron microscopy mass mapping of D showed approximately 10-nm particles with masses of approximately 200 kDa, suggesting them to be dodecamers (a+b+c)3d3. OxyHb dissociations in urea and Gdm.Cl and at alkaline pH could be fitted only as sums of 3 exponentials. The time course of D was bell-shaped, indicating it was an intermediate. Dissociations in SiW and upon conversion to metHb showed only two phases. The kinetic heterogeneity may be due to oxyHb structural heterogeneity. Formation of D was spontaneous during HBL reassembly, which was minimal (</= 10%) without Group IIA cations. During reassembly, maximal (approximately 60%) at 10 mM cation, D occurs at constant levels (approximately 15%), implying the dodecamer to be an intermediate.
Variable selection for wind turbine condition monitoring and fault detection system (2016)

With the fast growth in wind energy, the performance and reliability of the wind power generation system has become a major issue in order to achieve cost-effective generation. Integration of condition monitoring system (CMS) in the wind turbine has been considered as the most viable solution, which enhances maintenance scheduling and achieving a more reliable system. However, for an effective CMS, large number of sensors and high sampling frequency are required, resulting in a large amount of data to be generated. This has become a burden for the CMS and the fault detection system. This thesis focuses on the development of variable selection algorithm, such that the dimensionality of the monitoring data can be reduced, while useful information in relation to the later fault diagnosis and prognosis is preserved. The research started with a background and review of the current status of CMS in wind energy. Then, simulation of the wind turbine systems is carried out in order to generate useful monitoring data, including both healthy and faulty conditions. Variable selection algorithms based on multivariate principal component analysis are proposed at the system level. The proposed method is then further extended by introducing additional criterion during the selection process, where the retained variables are targeted to a specific fault. Further analyses of the retained variables are carried out, and it has shown that fault features are present in the dataset with reduced dimensionality. Two detection algorithms are then proposed utilising the datasets obtained from the selection algorithm. The algorithms allow accurate detection, identification and severity estimation of anomalies from simulation data and supervisory control and data acquisition data from an operational wind farm. Finally an experimental wind turbine test rig is designed and constructed. Experimental monitoring data under healthy and faulty conditions is obtained to further validate the proposed detection algorithms.
Characteristics and prognostic impact of plasma fibrin monomer (soluble fibrin) in patients with coronary artery disease (2002)

We measured fibrin monomer (FM), soluble fibrin, as a marker of thrombin activity in plasma samples obtained in parallel with the first two routine samples for cardiac markers in 165 patients with acute chest pain admitted consecutively to our hospital. A reference limit of FM in a healthy population was set at 3.0 mg/l. Elevated plasma FM was observed in 48.8% of patients with acute coronary syndromes, in 42.3% of patients with specific non-coronary disease, in 31.5% of those with stable angina pectoris and in 18.2% of patients with non-specific chest pain. No significant difference was observed between sample 1 and sample 2 in patients not receiving thrombolytic treatment during the sampling period (P = 0.46). In patients with coronary artery disease, FM was significantly related to the level of cardiac troponin T (P = 0.001), but no correlation was observed between the individual plasma FM and cardiac troponin T values. Outcome analysis during the following 30 months after the index event in patients with acute coronary syndromes revealed higher FM levels in those with coronary re-events or death than in patients without new events (P = 0.001). This observation indicates a prognostic potential of FM in risk evaluation of patients with coronary artery disease.
Preparation of Thermo-Responsive and Cross-Linked Fluorinated Nanoparticles via RAFT-Mediated Aqueous Polymerization in Nanoreactors (2017)

In this work, a thermo-responsive and cross-linked fluoropolymer poly(2,2,2-Trifluoroethyl) methacrylate (PTFEMA) was successfully prepared by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) mediated aqueous polymerization with a thermo-responsive diblock poly(dimethylacrylamide-<i>b</i>-<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide) (PDMA-<i>b</i>-PNIPAM) that performed a dual function as both a nanoreactor and macro-RAFT agent. The cross-linked polymer particles proved to be in a spherical-like structure of about 50 nm in diameter and with a relatively narrow particle size distribution. ¹H-NMR and <sup>19</sup>F-NMR spectra showed that thermo-responsive diblock P(DMA-<i>b</i>-NIPAM) and cross-linked PTFEMA particles were successfully synthesized. Influence of the amount of ammonium persulfate (APS), the molar ratio of monomers to RAFT agent, influence of the amount of cross-linker on aqueous polymerization and thermo-responsive characterization of the particles are investigated. Monomer conversion increased from 44% to 94% with increasing the molar ratio of APS and P(DMA-<i>b</i>-NIPAM) from 1:9 to1:3. As the reaction proceeded, the particle size increased from 29 to 49 nm due to the consumption of TFEMA monomer. The size of cross-linked nanoparticles sharply decreased from 50.3 to 40.5 nm over the temperature range 14-44 °C, suggesting good temperature sensitivity for these nanoparticles.
PST 2238 as an antihypertensive compound that antagonizes the effect of endogenous cardiac glycosides. (2005)

This review examines the role of endogenous cardiac glycosides (OLF--ouabain like factors) in the pathogenesis of hypertension. The discovery of ouabain as a new adrenal hormone affecting salt and water homeostasis has initiated research on a new group of compounds. OLF may provide new insights into the mechanisms and therapy of common cardiovascular diseases. PST 2238 (17beta-(3-furyl)-5beta-androstane-3beta-14beta-17alpha-triol), an antagonist of endogenous ouabain, might open new possibilities for the therapy of hypertension and congestive heart failure.
Vivienda entre medianeras. Constantina (1982)

This single-cell-based system is a useful tool by which the activity of putative auxin carriers, such as PINs, PILS and WALLS ARE THIN1 (WAT1), can be indirectly visualized in a medium-to-high throughput manner. Moreover, our single cell system might be useful to investigate also other hormonal signaling pathways, such as cytokinin.
Two-dimensional velocity macro model estimation from seismic reflection data by local differential semblance optimization: applications to synthetic and real data sets (2001)

The quality of the migration/inversion in seismic reflection is directly related to the quality of the velocity macro model. We present here an extension of the differential semblance optimization method (DSO) for 2-D velocity field estimation. DSO evaluates via local measurements (horizontal derivatives) how flat events in common-image gathers are. Its major advantage with respect to the usual cost functions used in reflection seismic inverse problems is that it is—at least in the 1-D case—unimodal and thus allows a local (gradient) optimization process. Extension of DSO to three dimensions in real cases involving a large number of inverted parameters thus appears much more feasible, because convergence might not require a random search process (global optimization). Our differential semblance function directly measures the quality of the common-image gathers in the depth-migrated domain and does not involve de-migration. An example of inversion on a 2-D synthetic data set shows the ability of DSO to handle 2-D media with local optimization algorithms. The horizontal derivatives have to be carefully calculated for the inversion process. However, the computation of only a few common-image gathers is sufficient for a stable inversion. As a Kirchhoff scheme is used for migration, this undersampling largely reduces the computational cost. Finally, we present an application to a real North Sea marine data set. We prove with this example that DSO can provide velocity models for typical 2-D acquisition that improve the quality of the final pre-stack depth images when compared to the quality of images migrated with a velocity model obtained by a classical NMO/DMO analysis. Whilst random noise is not a real difficulty for DSO, coherent noise, however, has to be carefully eliminated before or during inversion for the success of the velocity estimation.
Versuche mit einem Dampfstrahl (1887)

Umstanden die Erscheinung des Strahles eingepragtsie wird u. a. von der Ausstromungsgeschwindigkeit des Dampfes und der Feuchtigkeit der Zimmerluft abhangen -
Detection of smoke plume for a land-based early forest fire detection system (2015)

A promising daytime smoke plume detection for a land-based early forest fire detection system is proposed. The visible video imagery from a land-based monitoring camera is processed to detect the smoke which likely rises in an early stage of a forest fire. Unlike the fire core and its surrounding heat which are detected via day/night infrared imaging, the relatively cold smoke plume can only be captured in the visible spectrum of light. The smoke plume is detected via exploitation of its temporal signature. This is accomplished via Principal Component Transformation (PCT) operations on consecutive sequences of visible video frames followed by spatial filtering of one of the resulting low-order Principal Component (PC) images. It is shown that the blue channel of the Red, Green, Blue (RGB) color camera is most effective in detecting the smoke plume. Smoke plume is clearly detected and isolated via simple blurring, thresholding, and median filtering of one of the resulting low-order principle component (PC) images. The robustness of this PCA-based method relative to simple temporal frame differencing and use of color, i.e., visible spectral signature of smoke, are discussed. Various parameters of the system including the required observation time and number of frames to retain for PCT, selection of which low-order PC to use, and types and sizes of the filters applied to the selected PC image to detect and isolate the smoke plume, are discussed.
Titanium diffusion into LiNbO3 as a function of stoichiometry (1984)

The diffusivity of Ti into LiNbO3 has been measured as a function of crystal orientation and Li/Nb ratio in the temperature range 980–1112 °C. The Li/Nb ratios of single crystal samples were adjusted by vapor phase equilibration with fixed Li2O activities. No anisotropy of diffusivity with crystal orientation could be detected. The diffusion constants for Ti in LiNbO3 decrease with increasing Li2O content. At 1050 °C, the values decrease from 2.60×10−12 cm2/s at the Li2O-deficient phase boundary (48.1 mol % Li2O) to 1.06×10−12 cm2/s at the congruently melting composition at (48.6 mol % Li2O) to 0.4×10−12 cm2/s at the Li2O-rich phase boundary (50.0 mol % Li2O). It is suggested that enhanced lateral diffusion observed for stripe geometry Ti sources results from increased diffusivity in a surface layer formed by Li2O outdiffusion.
Exploit the Connectivity: Multi-Object Tracking with TrackletNet (2018)

Multi-object tracking (MOT) is an important and practical task related to both surveillance systems and moving camera applications, such as autonomous driving and robotic vision. However, due to unreliable detection, occlusion and fast camera motion, tracked targets can be easily lost, which makes MOT very challenging. Most recent works treat tracking as a re-identification (Re-ID) task, but how to combine appearance and temporal features is still not well addressed. In this paper, we propose an innovative and effective tracking method called TrackletNet Tracker (TNT) that combines temporal and appearance information together as a unified framework. First, we define a graph model which treats each tracklet as a vertex. The tracklets are generated by appearance similarity with CNN features and intersection-over-union (IOU) with epipolar constraints to compensate camera movement between adjacent frames. Then, for every pair of two tracklets, the similarity is measured by our designed multi-scale TrackletNet. Afterwards, the tracklets are clustered into groups which represent individual object IDs. Our proposed TNT has the ability to handle most of the challenges in MOT, and achieve promising results on MOT16 and MOT17 benchmark datasets compared with other state-of-the-art methods.
Molecular genetic investigations on Balantidium ctenopharyngodoni Chen, 1955, a parasite of the grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) (2016)

Balantidium ctenopharyngodoni is a common ciliate in Hungary, infecting the hindgut of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), a cyprinid fish of Chinese origin. Although data have already been presented on its occasional pathogenic effect on the endothelium of the host, generally it is a harmless inhabitant of the gut. Phylogenetic analysis of the 18S rDNA and ITS fragments of this protozoan proved that it is in the closest phylogenetic relationship with endocommensalist and symbiont ciliates of mammals feeding on large volumes of green forage, in a similar way as Balantidium spp. known from algae-eating marine fishes.
Attitudes affecting college students' preferences for distance learning (2002)

Abstract Empirical studies that have examined psychological aspects of the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) have indicated that certain psychological attitudes of students towards the use of ICT are of paramount importance when evaluating the effective use of distance learning approaches to instruction and learning. Distance learning at the tertiary level, through the medium of ICT, is seemingly affected by the same psychological attitudes that are known to be related to other successful ICT applications to learning and instruction. In the present study the relationship between two distance learning ICT‐based configurations were examined. The results indicate that psychological attitudes held by students differentially facilitate efficient use of distance learning approaches. Satisfaction with learning, level of control of the learning process, and study motivation for distance learning are all positively related to the students' preferences for structured distance learning, whereas independence in learning is positively connected to students' preferences for the more open Internet functionality.
Nano-imprint lithography using replicated mold by Ni electro plating (2002)

In this work, we demonstrate mold replication with high aspect ratio patterns by Ni electro plating. Using the replicated mold, nano imprint lithography has been demonstrated.