gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thyroid Hormone Substitution Therapy Rapidly Enhances Left-Ventricular Diastolic Function in Hypothyroid Patients (2001)

<i>Objective: </i>Alterations in thyroid status may lead to changes in both systolic and diastolic function of the heart. Pulsed Doppler echocardiography is a reliable non-invasive means of assessing left-ventricular (LV) diastolic function. The aim of the present study was to evaluate LV diastolic function in patients with primary hypothyroidism receiving thyroxine therapy. <i>Methods: </i>Twelve patients (all females, mean age 47 ± 17, range 16–69 years) with primary hypothyroidism were studied by pulsed Doppler echocardiography. The first examination was made before the start of thyroxine substitution and the second at 37–68 (mean 53 ± 10) days after commencing thyroxine treatment (mean dose 136 ± 22 µg/day). <i>Results: </i>During thyroxine substitution therapy, the hypothyroid patients became clinically euthyroid and serum T4 increased from 51 ± 21 to 119 ± 24 nmol/l; TSH decreased from 50.4 ± 55.3 to 1.2 ± 1.5 mU/l. During therapy, heart rate increased from 61 ± 8 to 68 ± 10 (p = 0.05). The LV posterior wall (7.8 ± 1.0 mm) and interventricular septum thickness (8.0 ± 1.4 mm) were significantly greater in hypothyroid patients than in the control subjects (6.4 ± 1.0 mm, p = 0.007 and 6.8 ± 1.0 mm, p = 0.04, respectively). There was no significant change in LV dimensions and wall thickness during follow-up. E/A<sub>max</sub> increased significantly during treatment (from 1.679 ± 0.432 to 1.947 ± 0.335, p = 0.006). The isovolumic relaxation time shortened significantly (from 88 ± 23 ms to 75 ± 24 ms, p = 0.005). <i>Conclusions: </i>The present study shows that LV diastolic function as assessed by pulsed Doppler echocardiography in hypothyroid patients is enhanced by thyroxine therapy during a rather short follow-up period.
Direct Observation of Lifetime Killing Defects in 4H SiC Epitaxial Layers via Spin Dependent Recombination in Transistors (2009)

We have identified a magnetic resonance spectrum associated with minority carrier lifetime killing defects in device quality 4H SiC.
Phase Transformation of Sol-Gel Derived ZrO<sub>2</sub>-2RE<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>(RE = Sm, Gd and Dy) Spun Fibres by Ageing in Humid Atmosphere (2000)

Zirconia fibres doped with 2 equivalent mol% of RE2O3 (RE = Sm, Gd and Dy) were prepared by spinning of acetate derived sols followed by calcination of the gel fibres thus obtained at 900°-1300°C for 1 h. The oxide fibres were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The fibres containing only tetragonal (t) phase were aged under controlled humidity at 150°-300°C for 8 h and in addition at 200°C for 2 and 5 h. The aged samples were then characterized by XRD analysis. Dy3+-doped zirconia showed the maximum tendency to undergo phase transformation from tetragonal (t) to monoclinic (m) phase because of its increased tendency for hydrolysis.
Alkaline phosphatase isozymes in human testicular germ cell tumors, their precancerous stage, and three related cell lines. (1989)

The four known isozymes of the human alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were detected by isoelectric focusing in extracts of various types of germ cell tumors, three related cell lines, and their precancerous elements (atypical germ cells). In seminoma, placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) and germ cell alkaline phosphatase (PLAP-like) could be separated by isoelectric focusing following isolation by immunoaffinity. The occurrence of both isozymes in seminoma could explain partial heat sensitivity and variation in electrophoretic patterns of the seminoma isozyme frequently observed upon starch gels, in comparison to the normal placental phenotype. The four ALP isozymes are produced not only in germ cell tumors, but already in precancerous tissues. Quantitative analysis showed that the amount of the four isozymes varies in parallel in the tumors tested. Maximal expression was found in seminoma. The relation between ALP gene overexpression and gene amplification by polyploidy of chromosomes 1 and 2 in these lesions is discussed. On the other hand, the ectopic expression of intestinal alkaline phosphatase and PLAP associated with overexpression of PLAP-like in tumor cells as well as in their precancerous stage indicates gene activation by some unknown mechanisms, probably a regulatory process affecting the three tissue-specific ALP genes simultaneously.
Comparative study of sintered and melt-grown recrystallized YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub x/ (1989)

This paper compares the properties of yttrium barium cuprate bulk specimens prepared by means of solid-state sintering on one hand and of growth from a largely molten state on the other. The current paper focuses on magnetization measurements at 77 K which show specimens made by the latter method to have high remanence magnetization values.
ChemInform Abstract: MONOCHLORPHENOLE, KONTROLLIERTE HYDROLYSE (1971)

Abstract Während sich Chlorbenzol mit wäßriger Natronlauge bei 350 ‐ 425°C glatt in Phenol umwandeln läßt, liefern Chlorphenole bei der entsprechenden Hydrolyse hauptsächlich hochsiedende Öle und nur wenig Dihydroxybenzole.
The impact of link-layer retransmissions on video streaming in wireless mesh networks (2008)

Link-layer retransmission is a feature of IEEE 802.11 standard protocol that aims to increase the reliability of data communications. However, when successive retransmissions fail, they add to the traffic congestion, raise the collision probability, and increase the end-to-end delay. Using our 4-hop wireless mesh network testbed, we evaluate the impact of link-layer retransmissions on the performance of video streaming in wireless multi-hop environment. Our experimental results show that when the traffic load is near or exceeds the network capacity, retransmissions cause erratic video quality and increase the end-to-end delay tremendously. When the best-effort traffic coexists, increasing the number of retransmissions degrades the goodput of best-effort traffic and increases the end-to-end delay of video streaming. Retransmissions add reliability and increase the video streaming quality only when the traffic volume is far below the network capacity limit.
New Terahertz Laser Lines From $^{13}{\hbox {CD}}_{3}{\hbox {OH}}$ Pumped by Regular and Hot Bands ${\hbox {CO}}_{2}$ Laser (2008)

We have used our new pulsed CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> laser, operating both on regular and hot bands, to excite the <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">13</sup> CD <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> OH methanol isotopomer. This has lead to the observation of 13 new high-threshold far-infrared laser emissions (also identified as terahertz laser lines), with frequencies in the range between 24.11 and 102.56 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> (0.72-3.07 THz). The absorption transitions leading to these new FIR laser emissions have been located by observing the optoacoustic absorption spectra around the CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> emissions. Here, we present these new far-infrared laser lines, characterized in wavelength, polarization, offset relative to the center of the pumping CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> laser transition, relative intensity, and optimum operation pressure.
METHOD OF DETERMINATION OF GENETIC TYPE OF NATIVE UNSATURATED HYDROCARBONS IN OILS AND OIL FRACTIONS OF DISPERSED ORGANIC MATTER WITH 1 H NMR SPECTROSCOPIC DATA (2012)

The method of determining the genetic type of native unsaturated hydrocarbons in crude oils and oil fractions of dispersed organic matter according to 1 H NMR spectroscopy data is proposed. Analysis of 300 specially selected samples of 160 fields of major petroleum basins of Russia proved the possibility of using directly the spectra of crude oils as a base version of the method.
Dietary α‐linolenic acid increases brain but not heart and liver docosahexaenoic acid levels (2005)

Fish oil-enriched diets increase n-3 FA in tissue phospholipids; however, a similar effect by plant-derived n-3 FA is poorly defined. To address this question, we determined mass changes in phospholipid FA, individual phospholipid classes, and cholesterol in the liver, heart, and brain of rats fed diets enriched in flax oil (rich in 18:3n-3), fish oil (rich in 22:6n-3 and 20:5n-3), or safflower oil (rich in 18:2n-6) for 8 wk. In the heart and liver phospholipids, 22:6n-3 levels increased only in the fish oil group, although rats fed flax oil accumulated 20:5n-3 and 22:5n-3. However, in the brain, the flax and fish oil diets increased the phospholipid 22:6n-3 mass. In all tissues, these diets decreased the 20:4n-6 mass, although the effect was more marked in the fish oil than in the flax oil group. Although these data do not provide direct evidence for 18:3n-3 elongation and desaturation by the brain, they demonstrate that 18:3n-3-enriched diets reduced tissue 20:4n-6 levels and increased cellular n-3 levels in a tissue-dependent manner. We hypothesize, based on the lack of increased 22:6n-3 but increased 18:3n-3 in the liver and heart, that the flax oil diet increased circulating 18:3n-3, thereby presenting tissue with this EFA for further elongation and desaturation.
A Numerical Study of an Evaporator Coil for a Refrigeration Secondary Loop with CO2 (2008)

Environmental concerns have dictated the identification and the development of substitutes for the current synthetic refrigerants replacement. Carbon dioxide is a natural alternative suitable for medium and low temperatures. Heat transfer between the refrigerant and the refrigerated medium occurs in the evaporator, whose design must be adapted to take advantage of the favorable properties of carbon dioxide. This paper presents a mathematical model to study in detail a counter-current type air/CO2 coil with corrugated fins. The model applies the conservation equations for mass, momentum and enthalpy on small volume elements. The solution procedure of these equations is based on the Forward Marching Technique. The computed results allow for detailed information on the air and refrigerant states in the coil. Local results can be integrated to obtain global values for engineering purposes. It is possible to qualify tube rows by determining their individual capacities in terms of their location in the coil. Experiments have been performed on an experimental facility in CTEC-V Laboratories. Results from this installation as well as those collected from the open literature have been used to validate the developed model. Agreement between the predictions and experimental values is satisfactory. Calculations performed on a typical 3.5 kW capacity refrigerated cabinet coil at -24 ˚C, highlight some advantages of CO2: - small CO2 side pressure drop and small corresponding temperature variation - nearly uniform temperature and humidity distributions on the air side. - possibility of using long circuits for simple coil geometry and impacting positively on refrigerant distribution and the cost of the coils.
Simple Thermal Model for Vertical-Cavity, Surface-Emitting Lasers (2006)

A simple, multi-mode, rate equation based thermal model has been developed for vertical-cavity, surface-emitting lasers. The misalignment between cavity supported modes and the material gain peak is considered to be the primary cause of the higher order transverse modes and power rolloff observed in these devices. Experiments are performed on a Mode 8085-2008 VCSEL to determine its modal composition over a range of currents and temperatures. The rate equation model was fitted to these modally resolved light current curves with good success
RNA Helicases p68 and p72: Multifunctional Proteins with Important Implications for Cancer Development (2011)

The DEAD box RNA helicases p68 (DDX5) and p72 (DDX17) play important roles in multiple cellular processes that are commonly dysregulated in cancers, including transcription, pre-mRNA processing/alternative splicing and miRNA processing. Although p68 and p72 appear to have some overlapping functions, they clearly also have distinct, nonredundant functions. Furthermore, their ability to interact with a variety of different factors and act as multifunctional proteins has the potential to impact on several different processes, and alterations in expression or function of p68 and/or p72 could have profound implications for cancer development. However, their roles are likely to be context-dependent and both proteins have been reported to have pro-proliferation or even oncogenic functions as well as antiproliferative or tumor cosuppressor roles. Therefore, eludicating the precise role of these proteins in cancer is likely to be complex and to depend on the cellular environment and interacting factors. In this article, we review the many functions that have been attributed to p68 and p72 and discuss their potential roles in cancer development.
Resveratrol in Health and Disease (2005)

Resveratrol: A Polyphenol for All Seasons: Shishir Shishodia and Bharat B. Aggarwal Sources and Chemistry of Resveratrol: Navindra P. Seeram, Vishal V. Kulkarni, and Subhash Padhye Resveratrol as an Antioxidant: Catalina Alarcon de la Lastra, Isabel Villegas, and Antonio Ramon Martin Resveratrol as an Antiproliferative Agent for Cancer: Paola Signorelli and Riccardo Ghidoni Mechanism of Apoptosis by Resveratrol: Shazib Pervaiz and Andrea Lisa Holme Resveratrol as Inhibitor of Cell Survival Signal Transduction: Simone Fulda and Klaus-Michael Debatin Resveratrol as Inhibitor of Cell Cycle Progression: Jen-Kun Lin Molecular Targets of Resveratrol: Implications to Health and Disease Prevention: Catherine A. O'Brian and Feng Chu Resveratrol as an Angiogenesis Inhibitor: Ebba Brakenhielm, Renhai Cao, and Yihai Cao Resveratrol Modulation of Gene Expression: The Role of Transcription Factors: Fulvio Della Ragione, Valeria Cucciolla, Adriana Borriello, and Vincenzo Zappia Modulation of Gene Expression by Resveratrol: Bhagavathi A. Narayanan and Narayanan K. Narayanan Resveratrol and Prostaglandin Biosynthesis: Lawrence M. Szewczuk and Trevor M. Penning Resveratrol as an Inhibitor of Carcinogenesis : John M. Pezzuto Resveratrol as an Antitumor Agent In Vivo: Francis Raul Resveratrol as a Sensitizer to Apoptosis-Inducing Stimuli: Ali R. Jazirehi and Benjamin Bonavida Resveratrol as a Radio-Protective Agent: Yogeshwer Shukla, Shannon Reagan-Shaw, and Nihal Ahmad Resveratrol as a Phytoestrogen: Barry D. Gehm and Anait S. Levenson Resveratrol as an Antibacterial Agent: Gail B. Mahady Resveratrol as an Antifungal Agent: Marielle Adrian and Philippe Jeandet Protective Effects of Resveratrol in Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases and Gene Regulatory Action: Sofiyan Saleem, Abdullah Shafique Ahmad, and Sylvain Dore Protective Effects of Resveratrol against Ischemia-Reperfusion: Dipak K. Das Resveratrol as Cardioprotective Agent: Evidence from Bench and Bedside: Sukesh Burjonroppa and Ken Fujise Immunomodulation by Resveratrol: Subhash C. Gautam, Xiaohua Gao, and Scott A. Dulchavsky Biological Effects of Cis-Versus Trans-Resveratrol: Francisco Orallo Resveratrol as an Antiinflammatory Agent: Young-Joon Surh and Joydeb Kumar Kundu Neuroprotective Effects of Resveratrol: Ying-Shan Han, Stephane Bastianetto, and Remi Quirion Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism of Resveratrol: Alberto A. E. Bertelli Index
Improvements in Spelling after QEEG-based Neurofeedback in Dyslexia: A Randomized Controlled Treatment Study (2009)

Phonological theories of dyslexia assume a specific deficit in representation, storage and recall of phonemes. Various brain imaging techniques, including qEEG, point to the importance of a range of areas, predominantly the left hemispheric temporal areas. This study attempted to reduce reading and spelling deficits in children who are dyslexic by means of neurofeedback training based on neurophysiological differences between the participants and gender and age matched controls. Nineteen children were randomized into an experimental group receiving qEEG based neurofeedback (n = 10) and a control group (n = 9). Both groups also received remedial teaching. The experimental group improved considerably in spelling (Cohen's d = 3). No improvement was found in reading. An indepth study of the changes in the qEEG power and coherence protocols evidenced no fronto-central changes, which is in line with the absence of reading improvements. A significant increase of alpha coherence was found, which may be an indication that attentional processes account for the improvement in spelling. Consideration of subtypes of dyslexia may refine the results of future studies.
Evaluation of Oily Waste Injection Below the Permafrost in Prudhoe Bay Field (1989)

ABSTRACT This paper presents the results of an extensive study and field test carried out at the site of Prudhoe Bay's four oily waste injection wells. The field work was part of an overall environmental assessment intended to: (1) confirm earlier results indicating that no fluid communication was occurring with the permafrost; (2) determine optimum conditions for the disposal of waste in the presence of hydraulically-induced fractures; (3) substantiate that an increased injection pressure could be safely implemented. A three day injection test, including a step-rate stage, was carried out. Data collected included surface and downhole pressures, in-si tu stress measurements, and monitoring of ground surface deflections and wellbore hydraulic impedance. Radially symmetric surface tilt patterns showed that the test well connects to a horizontal fracture of 60-foot radius. Wellbore impedance indicated that a horizontal fracture with 9-18 foot radius communicated with the well. Integration of rock mechanics, historical information, and the collected data provided a clear picture of what was occurring underground. The different evaluation techniques showed consistent results as reflected in the estimated fracture size, placement and damage zone properties.
Modelling of quantum yields in photocatalytic membrane reactors immobilising titanium dioxide (2006)

For some model molecules (methanoic and ethanoic acids, methane, and phenol), systematic investigations of quantum yields were carried out in the present paper, as a function of concentration and of absorbed radiant power. Quantum yields Φ ∞ , calculated from rates, followed an apparently Langmuirian function of initial concentration C 0 , by which Φ ∞ values at “infinite” concentration could be obtained. By having thus established that quantum yields of photomineralisation Φ ∞ are independent of radiation wavelength, within the absorption range of semiconductor, but depend on radiant power, such a dependency was experimentally investigated. For all the investigated molecules, the maximum allowable values reached in the low radiant power range clearly appeared as a plateau. On the contrary, at high radiant power values, another plateau, at a value of about 1/4‐1/5 with respect to the maximum value, was evident. This was interpreted on the basis of a competition kinetics of hydroxyl radicals with themselves, leading to hydrogen peroxide formation, other than with substrate or intermediate molecules leading to full mineralisation. Modelling of quantum yields as a function of concentration and radiant power thus allows a fully consistent and trustworthy design of photoreactors.
Herstellung effektiver Medien mittels mizellarer Blockcopolymer Nanolithographie (2010)

In dieser Arbeit wurden neuartige, im Nanometerbereich strukturierte Materialien entwickelt. Zur Erzeugung biomimetischer, antireflexiver Schichten wurden Nanopartikelmuster mittels der mizellaren Blockcopolymer Nanolithographie (engl. „block copolymer micellar nanolithography“ - BCML) hergestellt und anschließend als Maske für einen reaktiven Ionenätzprozess genutzt. Um eine größere Variation an Nanopartikelmustern zu erschließen wurde die BCML-Technik erweitert. Hierzu wurde ein neues Verfahren entwickelt, das es erlaubt, verschiedene binäre StrukturenausNanopartikelnherzustellen.Weiterhinwurdeeinneuartiges Belichtungsverfahren eingeführt, welches es erstmalig erlaubt, die Nanopartikelgröße ortsaufgelöst zu verändern. Die Nanostrukturen, die auf den Augen bestimmter Motten entdeckt wurden, wirken antireflektiv. In dieser Arbeit neu entwickelte mehrschrittige Ätzprozesse erlauben es, solche Strukturen großflächig und kostengünstig herzustellen. Die so erzeugten Strukturen können für eine antireflektive Wirkung bei verschiedene Wellenlängen (UV-Bereich) oder für eine extrem breitbandige Wirkung optimiert werden. Die antireflektive Wirkung der Strukturen wurde erfolgreich auf flachen Substraten, sowie auf optische Elemente gezeigt. Um ein Beschlagen von Quarzglas durch Luftfeuchtigkeit zu verhindern, wurde außerdem ein neues Verfahren entwickelt, das erstmals eine chemische Modifizierung der Oberfläche mit einer stochastischen Nanostrukturierung kombiniert. Dies führt zur Ausbildung superhydrophiler Quarzglasoberflächen welche einen ausgeprägten Antibeschlagseffekt zeigen und im Gegensatz zu anderen Verfahren sowohl bei Temperaturschwankungen (-25°C – 120°C), als auch bei Lagerung über einige Wochen wirksam bleiben.
Gas exchange, blood lactate, and plasma catecholamines during incremental exercise in hypoxia and normoxia (1995)

The interrelationships among blood lactate (La-) and plasma norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (Epi) were studied simultaneously with measures of ventilation (VE) and gas exchange during incremental exercise to exhaustion in nine healthy young men. We wanted to observe whether the tight coupling that exists during normoxic exercise between the concentrations of La- ([La-]) and of both NE and Epi would also be found in hypoxia (inspired O2 fraction = 0.14). In addition, we used recently advocated methods of V slope [CO2 output vs. O2 uptake (VO2)] to select the ventilatory threshold (VT) and log-log transformation of [La-] and VO2 to select the lactate threshold (LT). Peak VO2 was reduced from 4,164 +/- 184 ml/min in normoxia to 3,635 +/- 144 ml/min in hypoxia (P < 0.05). The increase in [La-] was linearly related to the increases in both NE and Epi concentrations in the normoxic and hypoxic tests (r = 0.92-0.96). Estimates of VO2 at VT were significantly greater than those at LT in both normoxia and hypoxia, but these estimates were poorly correlated (r = -0.11-0.46). VT and LT were reduced by hypoxia. Visual interpretation of the VT by examination of VE vs. VO2 and VE/VO2 vs. VO2 did not differ from the LT, but they were less than the VTs by the V-slope method (P < 0.05); yet, all were poorly correlated. The tight coupling between the increase in [La-] and the increase in plasma catecholamines might indicate a common mechanism for the increase or a causative link. VT and LT provided estimates of the general trend in the data, but the poor correlation between them questions the utility of attempting to predict one from the other.
Reconciling ontologies and the web of data (2012)

To integrate Linked Open Data, which originates from various and heterogeneous sources, the use of well-defined ontologies is essential. However, oftentimes the utilization of these ontologies by data publishers differs from the intended application envisioned by ontology engineers. This may lead to unspecified properties being used ad-hoc as predicates in RDF triples or it may result in infrequent usage of specified properties. These mismatches impede the goals and propagation of the Web of Data as data consumers face difficulties when trying to discover and integrate domain-specific information. In this work, we identify and classify common misusage patterns by employing frequency analysis and rule mining. Based on this analysis, we introduce an algorithm to propose suggestions for a data-driven ontology re-engineering workflow, which we evaluate on two large-scale RDF datasets.