gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Localization of the Tight Junction Protein Gene TJP1 to Human Chromosome 15q13, Distal to the Prader-Willi/Angelman Region, and to Mouse Chromosome 7 (1995)

The gene encoding the tight junction (zonula occludens) protein, TJP1, was mapped to human chromosome 15q13 by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using a cDNA probe. The Jackson Laboratory backcross DNA panel derived from the cross (C57BL/6JEi x SPRET/Ei) F1 females x SPRET/Ei males was used to map the mouse Tjp1 to chromosome 7 near position 30 on the Chromosome Committee Map, a region with conserved homology to human chromosome 15q13. FISH studies on metaphases from patients with the Prader-Willi (PWS) or the Angelman syndrome (AS) showed that TJP1 maps close but distal to the PWS/AS chromosome region.
A new style of development to deal with the current crisis: solidarity-based economy, collective capability and sustainable human development (2010)

Résumé Pour éviter une aggravation de la crise actuelle, comme l’apparition de nouvelles crises liées aux contraintes écologiques et inégalités socio-économiques, il devient indispensable de repenser les modes de fonctionnement des agents, les structures de pouvoir et les processus décisionnels. On peut ainsi aider à l’émergence d’un autre style de développement, d’autant plus que certains de ses constituants sont déjà à l’œuvre. Le premier, d’ordre théorique, porte sur l’approche par les capacités qui met l’accent sur les capacités d’action, effectives et potentielles, des agents, leurs libertés à choisir ce qui importe et à agir collectivement dans ce but. Le deuxième, plus opérationnel, concerne l’économie solidaire qui se réfère aux valeurs de responsabilité, d’équité et de reconnaissance pour surmonter les problèmes écologiques et sociaux actuels, en modifiant les manières d’agir et d’être des agents. Le troisième porte sur le développement durable (ou soutenable), lequel, à travers ses dimensions humaines (renforcement des capacités) et sociales (équité intra et intergénérationnelle, lutte contre la pauvreté et les inégalités, prise en compte de la vulnérabilité et de l’exclusion), offre le cadre explicatif le plus englobant. Examiner comment ces trois constituants peuvent s’articuler pour engendrer un autre style de développement est le but de cet article.
Overexpression of IL-15 In Vivo Enhances Tc1 Response, Which Inhibits Allergic Inflammation in a Murine Model of Asthma (2001)

IL-15, a pleiotropic cytokine, is involved in the inflammatory responses in various infectious and autoimmune diseases. We have recently constructed IL-15-transgenic (Tg) mice, which have an increased number of memory-type CD8+ T cells in the peripheral lymphoid tissues. In the present study, we found that eosinophilia and Th2-type cytokine production in the airway were severely attenuated in OVA-sensitized IL-15-Tg mice following OVA inhalation. IL-15-Tg mice preferentially developed Tc1 responses mediated by CD8+ T cells after OVA sensitization, and in vivo depletion of CD8+ T cells by anti-CD8 mAb aggravated the allergic airway inflammation in IL-15-Tg mice following OVA inhalation. Adoptive transfer of CD8+ T cells from OVA-sensitized IL-15-Tg mice into normal mice before OVA sensitization suppressed Th2 response to OVA in the normal mice. These results suggest that overexpression of IL-15 in vivo suppresses Th2-mediated-allergic airway response via induction of CD8+ T cell-mediated Tc1 response.
Role of reproductive technologies and genetic resource banks in animal conservation (1999)

In combination with modem reproductive technologies, there is potential to use frozen and stored germplasm (genetic resource banks) to support conservation measures for the maintenance of genetic diversity in threatened species. However, turning this idea into reality is a complex process, requiring interdisciplinary collaboration and clearly defined goals. As the number of species deserving the attention of conservation scientists is overwhelmingly large, yet detailed knowledge of reproductive physiology is restricted to relatively few of them, choosing which species to conserve is one of the most difficult issues to be tackled. Besides the direct application of technologically advanced reproductive procedures, modern approaches to non-invasive endocrine monitoring play an important role in optimizing the success of natural breeding programmes. Through the analysis of urine and faecal samples, this type of technology provides invaluable management information about the reproductive status of diverse species. For example, it is possible to diagnose pregnancy and monitor oestrous cycles in elephants and rhinos without causing stress through restraint for sample collection. In this review, we identify the potential contribution of reproductive biology and genetic resource banks to animal conservation, but also highlight the complexity of issues determining the extent to which this potential can be achieved.
HIV-1 Entry Inhibitors in the Side Pocket Minireview (1999)

transmembraneenvelopeglycoproteins.Mostoftheex-Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS posed surface of the assembled trimer is composed ofDana-Farber Cancer Institute elements of gp120, with the gp41 ectodomain largelyDepartment of Pathology buried inthe interiorof thecomplex (Figure1, leftpanel).Harvard Medical School and The gp120 glycoprotein binds the host cell receptors,Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases whereas gp41is thought tobe responsible forfusing theHarvard School of Public Health viral and target cell membranes. The gp41 ectodomainBoston, Massachusetts 02115 must therefore be exposed to the target cell membranein a controlled fashion, when the virus has achievedadequateproximitytothecell.ReceptorbindingnotonlySeveralyearsago,investigatorsmadetheserendipitous attaches and orients the viral envelope glycoproteins todiscovery that peptides corresponding to segments of the target cell, but also triggers conformational changesthe human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) gp41 enve- in the envelope glycoproteins that promote the se-lope glycoprotein could specifically and potently inhibit quence of events leading to membrane fusion. The na-virus entry into target cells (Wild et al., 1992; Jiang et ture of these conformational changes is imperfectly un-al., 1993). Subsequently, the emergence of structural derstood, as structural information is available on onlyinformation on the HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins al- a single conformation of gp120 (Kwong et al., 1998) andlowed insights into the mechanism by which these pep- gp41 (Chan et al., 1997; Tan et al., 1997; Weissenhorntides exert their antiviral effect. In addition to their use et al., 1997). CD4 binding has been shown to induceas tools to understand the process of HIV-1 entry, these a gp120 conformation that is able to bind the CCR5peptides serve as a starting point for the development chemokine receptor with high affinity. A model in whichof potentially useful therapeutics. chemokinereceptorbindingthenresultsintheexposure
Dissolution Rate Monitor Tool to Measure EUV Photoresist Dissolution (2017)

The resist development step in photolithography is a complex process involving selective dissolution between exposed and unexposed photoresist. This phenomenon is commonly described by a one-to-one relation between dissolution rate and deprotection level of the photoresist. Experimentally, the dissolution rate can be obtained dynamically via a dissolution rate monitor. In EUV lithography, photoresist films are typically below 50 nm, and total dissolution of the film can be very quick. In this work, we have improved a custom built dissolution rate monitor and developed a procedure to record experimental data on dissolution rate of very thin film of EUV photoresist using multi-wavelength reflectometry. We present the results of the validation of this set-up, which ensures repeatability, good temporal resolution, and a short black-out time. The tool now available proves to be suitable for the study of EUV photoresist dissolution and can provide relevant input for lithographic software and for improving the design of photoresists. The impact of film thickness variation is presented, as well as a comparison of two chemically amplified resists with a different quencher loading.
Detection of herpes simplex virus DNA from genital lesions by in situ hybridization (1988)

Lesion specimens from 118 episodes of recurrent genital herpes were used to compare herpes simplex virus (HSV) isolation with a direct specimen test for in situ DNA hybridization utilizing a biotinylated probe. The frequency of detection of HSV was similar with both tests; HSV was isolated from 81% of vesicular lesions, 76% of pustules, and 67% of ulcers, while HSV DNA was detected in 77, 76, and 55% of lesions in these stages, respectively. Utilizing both methods, HSV was identified in 91, 94, and 79%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the DNA probe in comparison to standard viral isolation in tissue culture were 92 and 63%, respectively. Seven DNA-positive, viral isolation-negative specimens were obtained from patients who had positive culture confirmation at some time subsequent or prior to enrollment, suggesting that these were true positive results. The sensitivity of the DNA probe was dependent on cellular content of the specimen, and 36 (28%) of the 127 submitted specimens had fewer than 20 nonsuperficial cells. The DNA probe was rapid and convenient; its major disadvantage was the lack of type-specific information. The performance of the probe in lower-prevalence populations and in asymptomatic shedding of HSV remains to be evaluated.
Stimulation of hematopoiesis in patients with bone marrow failure and in patients with malignancy by recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (1988)

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a multipotential hematopoietin. To assess the toxicity and biological activity of recombinant human GM-CSF (rhGM-CSF) in vivo, 25 patients with malignancy or bone marrow failure were treated with rhGM-CSF (specific activity approximately 5 x 10(7) U/mg) as part of a phase 1 trial. The treatment was administered by continuous intravenous (IV) infusion daily for 2 weeks at fixed dose levels and repeated after a 2- week rest period. Over the entire dose range tested (15 to 500 micrograms/m2/d), rhGM-CSF treatment was associated with dramatic increases (two- to 70-fold) in total leukocyte counts, which consisted predominantly of neutrophils, bands, eosinophils, and monocytes. Furthermore, six of the 14 patients with one or more cytopenias that received at least two cycles of treatment had multilineage responses characterized by twofold or greater increases in platelet count to a level above 100,000, twofold or greater increases in corrected reticulocyte count, and a reduced requirement for red cell transfusions. Three of these patients became independent of both red cell and platelet transfusions for 17 to 37 weeks of follow-up. Treatment was associated also with an increase in bone marrow cellularity and frequency of cycling progenitor cells. The treatment was well tolerated; side effects included constitutional symptoms and bone pain. These results demonstrated that rhGM-CSF has a significant impact on hematopoiesis in patients with advanced malignancy and also in patients with bone marrow failure.
Release of Norepinephrine from the Rat Ovary: Local Modulation by Gonadotropins1 (1991)

Experiments were undertaken to define the role of gonadotropins in the release of norepinephrine and the relationship with beta-receptors of the ovary. Rat ovaries were removed at different stages of the estrous cycle and incubated in [3H]norepinephrine. Subsequently, ovaries were electrically stimulated and the release of [3H]norepinephrine was recorded. There were no changes in the norepinephrine content during the estrous cycle. The ovary exhibited cyclical variation in norepinephrine-induced release during the estrous cycle. The lowest release of norepinephrine was found during diestrus; there was an increase during proestrus and estrus followed by a decline during metestrus. The release of norepinephrine changed in the opposite way to the beta-receptor number, suggesting a process involving down-regulation between norepinephrine release and beta-receptors of the ovary. Norepinephrine released from the ovary was locally regulated by gonadotropins. The presence of FSH in the superfusion medium stimulated the norepinephrine-induced release from the ovaries of rats in diestrus (by 20%) and estrus (by 40%), but no effect was found during proestrus. In addition, the presence of hCG stimulated (by 40%) norepinephrine-induced release during proestrus, but no changes were apparent during the other stages of the estrous cycle. These results suggest that the local action of gonadotropins on nerve terminals of the ovary might be one of the factors governing the changes in norepinephrine release through the estrous cycle. The changes in the norepinephrine released to the synaptic cleft might exert down-regulation on the beta-adrenergic receptor content of the ovary and in this way control the ovarian steroid secretory activity.
[Vitronectin and fibronectin receptors in proliferative retinal diseases]. (1990)

Integrins are membrane receptors which, together with their corresponding adhesion proteins, constitute a versatile recognition system and provide cells with information for position, anchorage, differentiation, migration, and growth. Vitronectin and fibronectin are two potent mediators of cell adhesion which, together with their receptors, represent a highly sophisticated system of communication in proliferative intraocular disorders. Using an immunofluorescence technique, we demonstrate a similar pattern of partial colocalization of vitronectin and fibronectin in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). Furthermore, we show the expression of the corresponding cell surface receptors for vitronectin and fibronectin in membranes from patients with traumatic PVR (n = 8), idiopathic PVR (n = 8), and PDR (n = 6). At this time, it seems that further studies on integrins and their significance in proliferative retinal disorders are necessary before pharmacological approaches based on receptor antagonism can prove themselves to be possible and clinically applicable.
THE EFFICACY OF ORAL STEROID PULSE FOR THE TREATMENT OF ASYMPTOMATIC MODERATE CARDIAC ALLOGRAFT REJECTION. (1998)

397 Although treatments for cardiac allograft rejection varies among institutions, intravenous steroid therapy is frequently administered for“moderate” 3A rejection. Oral steroid bolus followed by tapering doses has been studied and found to be effective. To determine the efficacy of oral steroid bolus without a taper for the treatment of asymptomatic 3A cardiac allograft rejection, a retrospective analysis was performed on all consecutive cardiac transplant recipients transplanted between Jan 1995 through Dec 1997. Of 230 recipients, 113 were treated for 197 new episodes of 3A rejection. Treatment consisted of 100 mg of prednisone for 3 consecutive days followed by resuming the prerejection steroid dose. The treated episodes were analyzed as success (S) if follow up biopsy (at 1-2 weeks) were Grade 0, 1A, 1B, or 2; treatment was counted as failure (F) if follow-up biopsy showed Grade 3A or higher. The 113 patients included 89 (79%) males; mean age was 51.9 ± 11.1 years (range 19-68; median 54). Thirty-one patients (28%) had left ventricular assist device as a bridge to transplant (LVAD BTT). Of the 197 3A rejections treated solely with a three-day bolus of oral steroids, 146 episodes (74%) responded. A comparison of the success rates among those patients who received oral pulse treatment >90 days post transplant versus recipients who required treatments earlier revealed the response rates to be 88% versus 69%, respectively (p=0.007). Comparing response rate for the patients who received treatment >60 days to those who were treated earlier showed a slight decreased in the responder rate to 84% (versus 68%, p=0.02). Among patients treated for moderate rejection before and after 30 days of transplant, there was a significant decrease in the response rate to 69% and 78%, respectively (p=ns). The mean age of the recipients showed a trend to be lower among the failure group (49 ± 13 years) than the success group(53 ± 10 years) (p=0.07). Having LVAD BTT did not significantly affect the treatment outcome after an oral pulse for a moderate grade rejection. The response rates were 66%, for the patients who received LVAD BTT, versus 77% for those not bridged (p=ns). There was no difference between the two groups in regards to gender, the mean dose of cyclosporine (4.9 (F) vs. 4.5 (S) mg/kg/day), the mean does of prednisone (19 (F) 18 (S) mg/day) or the mean dose of azathioprine (1.7 (F) vs. 1.9 (S) mg/kg/day). We also compared the difference in the cost between the oral and IV therapies. The total cost of three-day outpatient nursing supervised IV steroid therapy was $861.48; for three-day oral prednisone, it was $6.88. In conclusion, oral steroid bolus therapy is an effective and economical way to treat asymptomatic moderate grade cardiac allograft rejections especially after the immediate post transplant period. Table
<i>trans</i>-Carbonylchlorobis[tris(pentafluorophenyl)phosphine)]rhodium(I) (2005)

The title compound, trans-[RhCl(C18F15P)2(CO)], crystallizes with one independent mol­ecule in the asymmetric unit. Important geometric parameters are Rh—P = 2.2797 (14) and 2.2993 (14) Å, Rh—Cl = 2.3642 (12) Å, Rh—C = 1.824 (4) Å, C—Rh—Cl = 174.12 (13)°, P—Rh—C = 91.73 (13) and 93.71 (13)°, P—Rh—P = 169.38 (4)° and Rh—C≡O = 176.7 (4)°. The effective cone angles (θE) for the phosphine ligands were calculated to be 172 and 173°.
Structural homologies between two HLA B27-restricted peptides suggest residues important for interaction with HLA B27 (1990)

Recently we described an HLA B27-restricted peptide derived from HIV gag p24 protein. In this study we have isolated an HLA B27-restricted peptide from the nucleoprotein (NP) of influenza A virus. The shortest fragment recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) is eight amino acids long, residues 384-391. Comparison of the sequence of these two HLA B27 restricted peptides reveals homologies which can be aligned from one peptide to the other. Of the eight residues, two are identical: tryptophan and isoleucine. Both peptides have a positively charged residue at the N terminus, lysine at position 265 of gag and arginine at position 384 of NP. Using modified peptides we have shown that lysine or arginine is crucial for the interaction with HLA B27. The wild-type gag peptide blocked CTL recognition of NP peptide by influenza-specific CTL, but removal of the lysine prevented inhibition of NP peptide recognition. The importance of these charged residues was confirmed by the observation that truncated NP and gag peptides where the lysine or arginine was removed were not recognized by specific CTL. Further studies showed that the tryptophan residue influenced the association of the gag peptide with HLA B27, because the affinity of the gag peptide for B27 was strongly increased after replacing this residue with a leucine or a tyrosine. However, these peptides were not recognized by gag-specific CTL, suggesting that the tryptophan may interact with both HLA B27 and T cell receptor. These observations should help in the identification of HLA B27-restricted peptides from other viruses or organisms.
Niche successes to ubiquitous invisibility: fault-tolerant computing past, present, and future (1995)

Originated by service providers, fault-tolerant principles now permeate the computing industry. The fault-tolerant techniques used today are more general but fewer in number. While the reduction in the number of techniques can be partially accounted for by a maturation of the field, they also represent lost opportunities. This paper traces the rise of fault tolerance from the early dedicated service providers through today's commodity markets. Barriers to the use of fault tolerance in commodity markets are identified. The paper concludes with some future breakthroughs required for fault tolerance to realize its full potential in emerging broad-based service markets.
Coordination compounds of indium. 46. Indium(I) derivatives of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-1,2-o-benzoquinone (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCoordination compounds of indium. 46. Indium(I) derivatives of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-1,2-o-benzoquinoneTheodore A. Annan, David H. McConville, Bruce R. McGarvey, Andrzej Ozarowski, and Dennis G. TuckCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1989, 28, 9, 1644–1648Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1989https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00308a009RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views149Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (640 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Conformation of the hypervariable region L3 without the key proline residue (1996)

The refined structure of the Fab fragment of the monoclonal antibody CRIS-I (IgG2a kappa) against the leukocyte differentiation antigen CD5, determined at 1.9 A resolution with an agreement R-factor of 18.3%, reveals a variant of the canonical conformations proposed for the light chain complementarity determining region L3 (CDR-L3). This is the first Fab structure available with a kappa light chain in which the CDR-L3 lacks the key proline residue in either position 94 or 95. The conformation found could be significant for about 10% of the murine IgG molecules with kappa light chains without proline in their CDR-L3 sequences.
The solution conformation of malformin A (1978)

Abstract Solution conformations of the cyclic pentapeptide plant‐hormone malformin A, whose conformational freedom is constrained by an intramolecular disulfide bridge, are derived and presented here. The nmr and CD data of Ptak are used to place restrictions on the search for possible malformin A solution conformers of low energy. Only two distinct conformers were found to be consistent with Ptak's data. Both structures are characterized by an internally buried (solvent‐shielded) D ‐Cys 2 amide proton, a seven‐membered (1–3)hydrogen bond between (N–H) and (OC) , and a disulfide bridge conformation with a P chirality as manifested in the nmr study by the temperature independence of the amide proton chemical shifts for the D ‐Cys 2 and D ‐Leu 4 residues and the negative sign of the long wavelength maximum in the CD spectrum, respectively. Inspection of space‐filling molecular models of both structures indicates severe steric barriers to their rapid interconversion. Thus, it appears that only one of the two conformers may be present in solution. The difference in their calculated dipole moments (4.6 and 6.9 D ) suggests an experimental method for distinguishing between the two proposed solution structures.