gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Insulin in the Medical Management of Postprandial Hypoglycemia in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes after Gastric Bypass Surgery (2012)

Objective. We evaluated a 47-year-old woman with a history of type 2 diabetes and severe obesity who developed postprandial hypoglycemia after undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery and losing 60% of her total body weight. We studied her insulin secretion and blood glucose dynamics and were able to tailor a therapeutic regimen involving insulin that eliminated episodes of hypoglycemia. Methods. We studied blood glucose levels during a prolonged fast, performed continuous glucose monitoring studies using a subcutaneous glucose sensor, and evaluated regional pancreatic insulin secretion using selective arterial calcium stimulation. Results. Continuous glucose monitoring revealed that the patient had early (1-2 hr) postprandial hyperglycemia followed by late (3-4 hr) postprandial hypoglycemia. Biochemical studies confirmed endogenous pancreatogenous insulin secretion as the cause of episodic hypoglycemia, but imaging studies and selective arterial calcium stimulation failed to localize an insulinoma. The patient was treated with preprandial doses of insulin aspart in order to attenuate the early postprandial hyperglycemia, and the late hypoglycemic episodes were avoided. Conclusion. We describe an interesting and novel nonsurgical approach to the prevention of postprandial hypoglycemia in a patient with noninsulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemia after gastric bypass.
Experiences associated with the use of fire in weed management (2009)

Fire, along with droughts and floods, is a natural force that has played a significant role in shaping the Australian landscape and associated ecosystems. Fire is also important in the context of weed management. Some weed species thrive afterwards whereas others are highly susceptible to damage and will fail to establish or persist in areas that are regularly burnt. The efficacy of prescribed fires on a particular weed can also be much more variable than that of chemical and mechanical control techniques. This is largely because there are many more factors that have an influence, including type and timing of fires, environmental conditions and fuel characteristics (e.g. quantity, distribution, moisture content and composition). Before incorporating fire into weed management programs it is important to understand how life stages of the targeted weed (e.g. seeds, seedlings, juveniles and mature plants) will respond and the likely impact on the surrounding vegetation. If the vegetation types wherein the weeds are growing contain fire-susceptible species, careful consideration needs to be given to likely benefits relative to potential negative consequences. In some instances it may be more appropriate to implement other control options.
EDAS: Efficient and Differentiable Architecture Search (2019)

Transferrable neural architecture search can be viewed as a binary optimization problem where a single optimal path should be selected among candidate paths in each edge within the repeated cell block of the directed a cyclic graph form. Recently, the field of differentiable architecture search attempts to relax the search problem continuously using a one-shot network that combines all the candidate paths in search space. However, when the one-shot network is pruned to the model in the discrete architecture space by the derivation algorithm, performance is significantly degraded to an almost random estimator. To reduce the quantization error from the heavy use of relaxation, we only sample a single edge to relax the corresponding variable and clamp variables in the other edges to zero or one. By this method, there is no performance drop after pruning the one-shot network by derivation algorithm, due to the preservation of the discrete nature of optimization variables during the search. Furthermore, the minimization of relaxation degree allows searching in a deeper network to discover better performance with remarkable search cost reduction (0.125 GPU days) compared to previous methods. By adding several regularization methods that help explore within the search space, we could obtain the network with notable performances on CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, and ImageNet.
Friedel-Crafts Reactions of Some Acylals (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFriedel-Crafts Reactions of Some AcylalsCHARLES D. HURD and TADAHIRO IWASHIGECite this: J. Org. Chem. 1959, 24, 9, 1321–1324Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01091a041https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01091a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views221Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Genetics and respiratory disease bullet  2: Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency, cirrhosis and emphysema (1998)

Emphysema is a chronic progressive lung disease characterised by abnormal permanent enlargement of airspaces as a result of destruction of alveolar walls.1 Most patients develop emphysema as a consequence of smoking but 1–2% of patients with emphysema develop the condition as a result of a genetic deficiency of the plasma proteinase inhibitor α1-antitrypsin. The two common deficiency variants of α1-antitrypsin, S and Z, result from point mutations in the α1-antitrypsin gene2-4 and are named on the basis of their slower electrophoretic mobility on isoelectric focusing analysis compared with the normal M allele.5 S α1-antitrypsin (264Glu→Val) is found in up to 28% of Southern Europeans and, although it results in plasma α1-antitrypsin levels that are 60% of the M allele, it is not associated with any pulmonary sequelae. The Z variant (342Glu→Lys) results in a more severe deficiency that is characterised, in the homozygote, by plasma α1-antitrypsin levels of 10% of the normal M allele and by levels of 60% in the MZ heterozygote (50% from the M allele and 10% from the Z allele). The Z mutation results in the accumulation of α1-antitrypsin in the rough endoplasmic reticulum of the liver (fig 1A) and predisposes the homozygote to juvenile hepatitis, cirrhosis,6 and hepatocellular carcinoma.7 Z α1-antitrypsin inclusions are associated with abnormal liver function tests in over 90% of Z homozygotes in the first year of life but only 10–15% of these develop the prolonged cholestatic jaundice that can progress to cirrhosis and the requirement for hepatic transplantation.6 8



Figure 1 
(A) Electron micrograph of a hepatocyte from the liver of a child with Z α1-antitrypsin deficiency. The arrow shows the accumulation of α1-antitrypsin …
Gezonder rendementsdenken : duurzaam waarderen van vastgoed (2002)

Rendementsdenken is vanzelfsprekend bij vastgoedontwikkeling. Wat betekent dit voor de kansen voor duurzaamheid? Duurzaamheid kan als aspect heel goed worden meegenomen in rendementsrekenmodellen, zo blijkt.
Incarcerated and Strangulated Hernias in Children (1970)

Incarceration and strangulation of the commonplace indirect inguinal hernia is still a significant management problem in children. We have studied a series of 2,764 consecutive patients operated upon for hernia at the Columbus Children's Hospital. Three hundred and fifty-one hernias or 12.7% were incarcerated or strangulated or both at the time of admission. The influence of age, side involved, sex, race, delay in, and method of management in the outcome has been statistically evaluated.
Removal of methylene blue dye from wastewater by using supported liquid memberane technology (2016)

Abstract The present work describes the application of Supported Liquid Membrane (SLM) technology towards the removal and recovery of a cationic dye (Methylene Blue) from aqueous solutions. Natural and non-toxic vegetable oils have been impregnated on microporous polymeric films of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) to constitute a liquid membrane. Different parameters affecting the transport, like pH of feed solution, acid concentration in the strip solution, initial dye concentration, oil types and stirring speeds have been investigated. Highest value of flux (1.7 × 10 −5 mg/cm 2 /sec 1 ) for methylene blue dye was achieved with sunflower oil impregnated on the PVDF support, with pH maintained at 12 in the feed solution and 0.3 M hydrochloric acid concentration in the strip solution. It took 6 hours to transport maximum amount of dye under optimum conditions.
Integration of decoy domains derived from protein targets of pathogen effectors into plant immune receptors is widespread (2016)

Plant immune receptors of the class of nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat domain (NLR) proteins can contain additional domains besides canonical NB-ARC (nucleotide-binding adaptor shared by APAF-1, R proteins, and CED-4 (NB-ARC)) and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domains. Recent research suggests that these additional domains act as integrated decoys recognizing effectors from pathogens. Proteins homologous to integrated decoys are suspected to be effector targets and involved in disease or resistance. Here, we scrutinized 31 entire plant genomes to identify putative integrated decoy domains in NLR proteins using the Interpro search. The involvement of the Zinc Finger-BED type (ZBED) protein containing a putative decoy domain, called BED, in rice (Oryza sativa) resistance was investigated by evaluating susceptibility to the blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae in rice over-expression and knock-out mutants. This analysis showed that all plants tested had integrated various atypical protein domains into their NLR proteins (on average 3.5% of all NLR proteins). We also demonstrated that modifying the expression of the ZBED gene modified disease susceptibility. This study suggests that integration of decoy domains in NLR immune receptors is widespread and frequent in plants. The integrated decoy model is therefore a powerful concept to identify new proteins involved in disease resistance. Further in-depth examination of additional domains in NLR proteins promises to unravel many new proteins of the plant immune system.
Surface Mapping Using Image Triplets (2006)

Mapping of the Earth’s surface from satellite images is a continuing application in remote sensing, which has been distinctly pushed with the increasing availability of very high-resolution image data. In most of the missions, stereo images can be acquired making 3D mapping from space very attractive, as high accuracy and level of detail become feasible from such data. In this paper, several case studies are presented, which have been applied to stereo pairs acquired by the SPOT sensors as well as the very highresolution Ikonos sensor. As an extension to standard stereo mapping, a 3D mapping approach which makes use of multiple image coverage is presented. For this work, image triplets including multi-sensor data sets have been used to extract 3D topography information and to generate digital surface models. The benefit of this extended approach is comparatively assessed with respect to results achieved from standard stereo mapping.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of 3D Porous Structure Bi<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>6</sub>/Reduced Graphene Oxide Hydrogels for Enhancing Supercapacitor Performance (2016)

Abstract Three‐dimensional (3D) porous Bi 2 WO 6 /reduced graphene oxide hydrogels (BWO/rGO HGs) have been prepared via a facile one‐pot hydrothermal process for supercapacitor applications. Compared with the pristine Bi 2 WO 6 electrode, the 3D porous BWO/rGO HGs exhibit much higher capacitive performances with a specific capacitance of 268.7 F g −1 at a current density of 0.75 A g −1 and good cycling stability with 81% capacitance retention after 1000 cycles at 3 A g −1 . The remarkable electrochemical properties could be attributed to unique architecture of 3D porous rGO HGs supported Bi 2 WO 6 , which provided an excellent electrical conductivity substrate and more channels for ions diﬀusion. The results indicate that a new synthesis route of 3D porous structure hydrogel loaded binary metal oxide have potential applications in energy storage device.
Nonextinguishing flame photometric detector burner and housing for gas chromatography (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNonextinguishing flame photometric detector burner and housing for gas chromatographyH. Anson. MoyeCite this: Anal. Chem. 1969, 41, 12, 1717–1719Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60281a035https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60281a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views14Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Hysterektomie per laparotomiam oder per pelviskopiam (1991)

Total Hysterectomy has been until non performed by extracervical "enucleation" of the fascia of the uterine corpus with amputation of the vagina. The new method leaves the extrafascial highly vascularised vascular stem, the corresponding nerves and the topography of the ureter untouched. It is limited to an intrafascial cylindriform enucleation of the cervix. The diameter of the cervical cylinder can be determined beforehand by vaginal sonography. Punching-out is effected from a new instrument C.U.R.T. (= calibrated uterine resection tool) of 10-20 mm diameter. A cervicohaemostaser provides for safe transvaginal haemostasis in the residual cervix. The transvaginal sexual sensations of the patient are not impaired due to the fact that the cardinal ligaments are preserved as well as the nerve supply of the cervical fascia. Suspension of the cervical fascia at the supporting ligaments of the uterus can be performed in an ideal manner. Pelviscopic extirpation of the uterus is done in the classical way used in abdominal hysterectomy with ligature and suture. Morcellated cylinders of 2-3 cms in diameter, of the cervix and corpus uteri and even of myomas up to the size of a child's head, will suffice for relevant histological examination. The physical stress to which the patient is exposed is about the same as in routine surgical pelviscopy. The abdominal space remains practically unopened in pelviscopic transabdominal hysterectomy. Pelviscopic transabdominal hysterectomy with and without adnexae according to the CASH technique corresponds to surgery performed with a minimum of invasiveness. It is fully sufficient as regards cancer prophylaxis with respect to cervical or endometrial cancer.
Glatiramer acetate for treatment of relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (2012)

Glatiramer acetate (GA; Copaxone(®), Teva Pharmaceuticals Inc.), approved in the USA in 1996 and EU in 2001 as first-line treatment for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, is now available in 51 countries and recently gained approval for delaying conversion to clinically definite multiple sclerosis in patients with clinically isolated syndromes. Over the last 10-15 years, abundant research has better characterized the immunomodulatory activities and clinical efficacy and safety of GA. Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients taking GA continuously for up to 22 years as disease-modifying monotherapy experience minimal disability progression, and more than 1 million patient-years of experience attest to GA safety and tolerability. GA does not generate neutralizing antibodies, has no known drug interactions - making it a good candidate for combination therapy - and new formulations under evaluation may reduce injection frequency and injection-site reactions. The place of GA in the growing multiple sclerosis armamentarium will depend on its demonstrated benefit-risk ratio relative to that of newer investigational drugs.
Copolymers of Imidazole and 1,4-Butandiol Diglycidyl Ether as an Efficient Suppressor Additive for Copper Electroplating (2014)

A multi-functionalized suppressor additive (IBDGE) for copper electroplating has been synthesized by co-polymerizing imidazole and 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDGE). This new co-polymer contains ether, hydroxyl and imidazolium functionalities that are common functional groups in polyalkylene glycol (PAG) suppressors and state-of-the-art leveler additives such as the polymerizate of imidazole and epichlorohydrin (IMEP). Electrochemical studies reveal a synergistic suppression effect of these functional groups with respect to the copper electroplating. In addition, this polymer demonstrates a variety of interactions with bis-(sodium-sulfopropyl)-disulfide (SPS). Firstly, the ether part of the polymer interacts antagonistically with SPS which is typical for PAG polymers. Secondly, the IMEP-like part of the polymer interacts antagonistically or synergistically with the SPS similar to the IMEP polymer. Because of this, temporal instabilities appear in the galvanostatic copper plating in the form of oscillations in the potential/time transient measurements. An N-shaped negative differential resistance (N-NDR) is visible in polarization measurements. Overall, this new polymer acts as an efficient suppressor additive rather than as a leveler additive. Fill-experiments on Damascene test-structures demonstrate a successful superfill. The quality of the resulting copper deposit was analyzed on blanket wafers by Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy (SIMS) experiments.
Relationship of primer specificity of fatty acid <i>de novo</i> synthetase to fatty acid composition in 10 species of bacteria and yeasts (1980)

Fatty acid compositions of lipids from six bacteria and four yeasts were determined. Fatty acid de novo synthetases were investigated with respect to chain length specificity towards acyl-CoA primers of various chain lengths. Four species of bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Corynebacterium cyclohexanicum, Micrococcus luteus, and Pseudomonas maltophilia) possess branched-chain fatty acids of the iso and anteiso series as the major acids. De novo synthetases from these organisms exhibited specificity towards the chain length of the primer in the order butyl-CoA > priopionyl-CoA > acetyl-CoA. The remainder, two bacteria and all four yeasts, have the straight-chain type of fatty acids only and fall into two groups: (1) Eschericia coli B, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which utilize the primers in the order acetyl-CoA > priopionyl-CoA > butyryl-CoA; and (2) Candida sake, Candida tropicalis, and Rhodotorula glutinis, which show the order propionyl-CoA > acetyl-CoA > butyryl-CoA. L-alpha-Keto-beta-methylvalerate, a precursor of the branched-chain primers, can be used as a source of primer for fatty acid synthesis by the organisms with branched-chain acids but not by those with the straight-chain type. The results indicate that organisms having straight-chain fatty acids lack the branched-chain equivalents for two reasons: first, their enzymes are not active toward primers with more than three carbons, and second, they lack a system of supply suitable branched-chain primers. It appears that activities of de novo synthetases from the organisms having straight-chain fatty acids generally have much higher activities than those from the organisms possessing branched-chain fatty acids
504. Oxygen heterocycles. Part VIII. Aroylbenzofurans, aroyldibenzofurans, and aroylcoumarins of potential biological interest (1957)

Ng. Ph. Buu-Hoï, G. Saint-Ruf, T. B. Loc and Ng. D. Xuong, J. Chem. Soc., 1957, 2593 DOI: 10.1039/JR9570002593
MOTOR VEHICLES AND TRAFFIC Drivers' Licenses: Provide for Suspension for Misdemeanor Possession, Provide for Delay in Issuance for Conviction of Controlled Substance Related Offenses, and Increase Time of Suspension (1992)

The Act provides for the suspension of the driver's license of any person convicted of a misdemeanor possession of marijuana. The Act also increases the time of suspension for first offenders from 120 days to not less than 180 days. The Act also provides for a delay in issuing a driver's license to any person who is convicted of possession of a controlled substance or marijuana either if she does not have a license or if her license is suspended.
Shape of Temperature Dependence of Spontaneous Magnetization of Ferromagnets: Quantitative Analysis (2005)

Analysis of available experimental data shows that there exists a limited variety of shapes of temperature dependence of spontaneous magnetization. For most metallic ferromagnets the shape (as opposed to scale) of the M(s) versus T curve can be characterized by a single dimensionless parameter. A numerical description of the dependence M(s)(T) for a particular ferromagnetic material is thus reduced to evaluating three quantities: the saturation magnetization M(0) identical with M(s)(0), the Curie point T(C), and the shape parameter s. It is demonstrated that classical spin (S = infinity) dynamics fails to describe correctly either of the finite-temperature characteristics, T(C) or s.