gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Density Functional Theory Investigation into Structure and Reactivity of Prenucleation Silica Species (2008)

We investigated the condensation and reverse hydrolysis reactions of several silica clusters ranging in size up to the octamer cage. Using density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level of theory, we found that under neutral conditions the reactions proceeded through a single-step, SN2-type mechanism with formation of a pentacoordinated transition state. Under acidic conditions, the reactions of the smaller species followed a two-step mechanism with formation of a stable pentacoordinated intermediate, while the larger species proceeded through a single-step mechanism similar to the neutral route. In vacuo energy calculations showed a decreased activation barrier for formation of the larger ringed oligomers compared to the barriers of the smaller species. Calculation also showed an increasing kinetic and thermodynamic barrier for the silica clusters to break back into smaller less-condensed constituent species as they oligomerized to form larger species. To study the influence of solvation on these reactions, we used a hybrid implicit/explicit hydration model that explicitly accounted for water in the calculations. Results on the silica dimer cluster revealed a marked change in both the mechanism and energetics of the reactions. The results suggested the presence of excess water (1) elongated the hydroxyl bonds of the cluster, (2) elongated the siloxane bonds, (3) stabilized both the reactive intermediates and transition states, and (4) acted as a proton acceptor to facilitate the reactions. The calculated rate-limiting activation barrier for the condensation reaction to form the dimer species was in excellent agreement with previous experimental and theoretical results. Application of the hybrid solvation model to calculate energy of solvation for several silica oligomers showed a decrease in solvation energy as the silica clusters grew in size.
Ivabradine Treatment in a Chronic Heart Failure Patient Cohort: Symptom Reduction and Improvement in Quality of Life in Clinical Practice (2014)

Over 4 months of treatment, ivabradine effectively reduced HR and symptoms in CHF patients in this study reflecting daily clinical practice. These benefits were accompanied by improved QOL and good general tolerability.
Transformation of NIH3T3 mouse fibroblast cells by MUC16 mucin (CA125) is driven by its cytoplasmic tail (2014)

MUC16 (CA125) is a transmembrane mucin that contributes to the progression of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Expression of MUC16 is not detectable in the epithelial surface of normal ovaries. MUC16 expression is, however, common in serous EOC as well as in metastatic and recurrent tumors. Despite these observations, its contribution to the development of EOC is unknown. We stably expressed either empty vector, MUC16 C-terminal domain (MUC16 CTD) or MUC16 TMU (a construct that lacks the cytoplasmic tail) in NIH3T3 mouse fibroblast cells. In this study, we provide evidence for the role of MUC16 CTD in oncogenic transformation. We show that ectopic expression of MUC16 CTD enhances the growth of NIH3T3 cells under normal and low serum conditions, and promotes anchorage-dependent colony formation. The deletion of the cytoplasmic tail abrogated these effects. MUC16 CTD expression in NIH3T3 cells also enhances the formation of colony in soft agar as compared to MUC16 TMU. MUC16 CTD expression enhances tumor formation in nude mice. Our findings provide the first evidence that MUC16 induces the transformation of NIH3T3 cells and indicate that MUC16 functions as an oncogene. Furthermore, our data suggest that the cytoplasmic tail is critical for MUC16 oncogenic properties.
Interventional Effects of Plumbagin on Experimental Ulcerative Colitis in Mice (2013)

Plumbagin (1) is a naphthoquinone constituent of plants that have been used in traditional systems of medicine since ancient times. In the present study, the role of 1 was examined on the amelioration of ulcerative colitis, an inflammatory bowel disease that is not curable currently. Plumbagin was tested at a dose of 6-10 mg/kg body weight in acute and chronic disease models. Diseased mice receiving 1 at 8-10 mg/kg demonstrated a significant suppression of disease symptoms in both models. However, body weight loss was not restored in either of the models. Levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-17) were reduced significantly by 1 in mice suffering from chronic disease, while cytokine levels remained unaffected in mice with acute disease. However, the percentage of inflammatory (CD14+/CD16+) monocytes present in peripheral blood was significantly reduced by >3-fold (p < 0.05) in treatment groups relative to controls in the acute model. Histological evaluations exhibited the restoration of goblet cells, crypts, and the submucosa along with a significant reduction in monocyte aggregation in colon sections from mice receiving treatment with 1. Restoration in colon size was also observed in the treatment groups.
Butyric acid in functional constipation (2013)

Butyric acid, a short-chain fatty acid, is a major energy source for colonocytes. It occurs in small quantities in some foods, and in the human body, it is produced in the large intestine by intestinalkacteria. This production can be reduced in some cases, for which butyric acid supplementation may be useful. So far, the use of butyric acid in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders has been limited because of its specific characteristics such as its rancid smell and rapid absorption in the upper gastrointestinal tract. In the Polish market, sodium butyrate has been recently made available, produced by the modern technology of microencapsulation, which allows the active substance to reach the small and large intestines, where butyrate easily dissociates into butyric acid. This article presents the potential beneficial mechanisms of action of butyric acid in defecation disorders, which are primarily associated with reductions in pain during defecation and inflammation in the gut, among others.
Treatment of Plague with Gentamicin or Doxycycline in a Randomized Clinical Trial in Tanzania (2006)

Both gentamicin and doxycycline were effective therapies for adult and pediatric plague, with high rates of favorable responses and low rates of adverse events.
A conserved juxtacrine signal regulates synaptic partner recognition in C. elegans (2011)

Forming synaptic connections of the appropriate strength between specific neurons is crucial for constructing neural circuits to control behavior. A recent paper in Neural Development describes the use of a synapse-specific label in Caenorhabditis elegans to implicate local UNC-6/netrin signaling in this developmental process. Thus, as well as their well known roles in cell migration and axon guidance, UNC-6/netrin signals distinguish an appropriate synaptic partner from other potential targets.
Syntheses and Herbicidal Activities of Novel Triazolinone Derivatives (2008)

Protoporphyrinogen oxidase (Protox, EC 1.3.3.4) has been identified as one of the most important action targets of herbicides. To search for novel Protox inhibitors, a series of title compounds 1, 2, and 3 were designed and synthesized by introducing three types of pharmacophores, cyclic imide, phenylurea, and ( E)-methyl 2-methoxyimino-2- o-tolylacetate, into the scaffold of triazolinone. The bioassay results indicated that the resulting cyclic imide-type triazolinones 1 displayed much better herbicidal activities than phenylurea-type triazolinones 2. Most fortunately, compound 3, methyl 2-[3-methyl-(2-fluoro-4-chloro-5-ethylsulfonamidephenyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-oxo-1 H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl]methylenephenyl-2-( E)-methoxyiminoacetate, was found to be the most promising candidate due to its comparable herbicidal activity at 75-150 g of active ingredient/ha with the commercial product sulfentrazone. On the basis of test results of herbicidal spectrum and crop selectivity, compound 3 could be developed as a postemergent herbicide used for the control of broadleaf weeds in rice fields.
Revalorización del docente en la gestión del gerente educativo (2007)

La finalidad del presente estudio fue realizar un analisis sobre la correspondencia entre la revalorizacion del docente en la gestion del gerente educativo de educacion basica. La investigacion estuvo enmarcada bajo el enfoque epistemologico positivista apoyada en la pospositivista para su interpretacion. El estudio posee un caracter descriptivo subjetivo, porque se integraron la version personal de la investigadora sobre la realidad y la informacion. Se utilizo la estadistica descriptiva para tratar y analizar los datos resumidos, descubriendo asi los hechos proporcionados por los informantes. La muestra poblacional estuvo representada por diez (10) directivos y treinta (30) docentes. Se aplicaron dos cuestionarios, validados por diez (10) expertos, su confiabilidad fue de 0,87 para el cuestionario de directivos y 0,96 para el de docentes, respectivamente. Se concluyo que, los directores y docentes encontraron debilidades en la autonomia profesional como actividad dirigida hacia su transformacion y emancipacion humana. Los docentes, opinan que la mayoria de los gerentes no aplican una estructura horizontal y flexible, hay ausencia de valores compartidos, olvidando, que son vias que les permiten llevar a cabo acciones destinadas a la mejora permanente del servicio, asi como al desarrollo de las potencialidades humanas de los docentes. Tambien se observo que hubo ausencia de autogestion, autorregulacion y autoevaluacion como procesos que ayudan a lograr un nuevo quehacer pedagogico, reforzando esa condicion de profesionales aptos y capaces, centrados en la reinvindicacion de su praxis y el fortalecimiento de su protagonismo en los procesos de caminos socio-educativos.
Exploration of a Modular Multilevel Converter for Direct AC-AC Conversion (2018)

Recently, a modular multilevel converter (MMC) topology with six branches arranged in a double-Π configuration was proposed for direct dc-dc conversion. As a complementary application, this paper explores the same MMC topology for direct ac-ac conversion. By redefining the input and output terminals, a new circuit interface is achieved which enables direct ac-ac conversion from three-phase to single-phase and vice versa. The circuit's dynamic features are analyzed in the direct ac-ac conversion context, and the related control issues are discussed. The capability of this MMC for direct ac-ac conversion is validated by the simulation results.
Real-time object tracking with relevance feedback (2007)

Currently there are many systems available that use relevance feedback for text and image retrieval. This query by example method has been shown to optimize the search strategy whilst keeping a fast response time, two important factors when querying large image databases. The use of relevance feedback in real time video object tracking and identification however is essentially unexplored. This paper discusses the ongoing project and current results towards integrating interactive relevance feedback within the context of video object tracking. We discuss the important limitations in real time video object tracking and we design a next generation video object tracking system which exploits interactive relevance feedback towards addressing the primary limitations.
FORMULATION AND CHARECTERIZATION OF IN SITU IMPALNT OF OCTREOTIDE ACETATE (2013)

Octreotide is the acetate salt of a cyclic octapeptide. It is a long-acting octapeptide with pharmacologic properties mimicking those of the natural hormone somatostatin. The peptide drugs after oral and parental administration the poor bioavailability in the blood due to their short biological half –lives caused by their metabolic instability. so that these peptide drugs are formulated by polymeric drug delivery systems such as micro particles or implants, has been proposed enabling their sustained release after a residence time in the polymer which protects the peptide against enzymatic and hydrolytic influences of biological media. In the present study, In situ implants of Octreotide acetate were prepared by polymer precipitation method. PLGA is dissolved in hydrophilic solvents such as Dimethyl sulphoxide, N-Methyl 2-pyrrolidone, PEG-200 and Triacetin until the formation of a clear solution. Different formulations were prepared using different concentration of polymer i.e. 5to35 % w/w. The characterization of implant was carried out by Determination of PLGA 5050 polymer ratio by NMR, Determination of molecular weight of polymer by GPC, Viscosity of polymer solution, Sterility test, In-vitro drug release, Release kinetics and Scanning electron microscopy. The Maximum percent of drug release with minimum Initial Burst release was found in formulation (F3) with NMP as solvent. Effect of gamma irradiation on molecular weight of polymer, viscosity of polymer solution, monomer ratio of lactide and glycolide and in-vitro release after gamma radiation was studied with F3 formulation.
증례보고 : 단백질 S 결핍 환자에서 발생한 망막중심동맥폐쇄 (2008)

목적: 단백질 S 결핍환자에서 발생한 좌안의 망막중심동맥폐쇄를 경험하였기에 보고하고자 한다. 증례요약: 36세 남자가 갑작스런 좌안의 시력저하를 주소로 내원하였다. 고혈압, 당뇨 등의 질환은 없었다. 내원시 교정시력은 우안 1.0, 좌안 광각이었고 좌안의 구심성동공운동장애가 관찰되었다. 안저검사상 좌안에서 후극부의 망막혼탁과 함께 앵두반점을 보였다. 혈액응고이상을 포함한 전반적인 혈액학적 검사를 시행하였다. 일반적인 혈액응고검사상 특이소견은 보이지 않았다. 단백질 C활성, 항트롬빈 III의 활성, 항인지질항체, 항카디오리핀항체는 정상이었으나 단백질 S 활성이 감소되어 있었다. 이에 단백질 S 결핍환자에서 발생한 좌안의 망막중심정맥폐쇄로 진단하였다. 결론: 본 증례와 같이 기저질환을 가지지 않은 젊은 사람에서 망막중심동맥폐쇄가 발생하는 경우 일반적인 혈액응고검사 이외에도 단백질 S와 같은 혈액 응고인자에 대한 검사를 시행해 보는 것이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.
Light Scattering by Nonspherical Particles: Theory, Measurements, and Applications (2000)

Almost all solid particles and very many liquid drops are not spherical. In addition, particles may have internal structure, both homogeneous and heterogeneous, and there may be agglomeration.
A new quality metric based on just-noticeable difference, perceptual regions, edge extraction and human vision (2005)

Several human visual system (HVS) based quality metrics have been developed in recent years to measure the quality distortions caused by digital image coding techniques. Because of the complicated nature of the HVS characteristics, these metrics do not provide acceptable correlation with perceptual evaluations of the distortion. Recent studies by the Visual Quality Experts Group (VQEG) also show that the current HVS-based techniques do not provide a clear advantage over a mathematically defined technique such as mean square error (MSE). Therefore, this paper proposes a new quality metric based on just-noticeable difference threshold characteristics in the perceptual regions (dark, De Vries Rose, Weber and saturation regions), extraction of visually important edge details and human vision (low-level and high-level vision). Families of perceptual weights that are suitable for digitally compressed images with different distortions are generated, using compressed versions of a gradient image as stimuli and human observers in a subjective test. The simulations show that the proposed metric successfully measures the quality distortion and provides high correlation with both mathematical and HVS-based measures.
On Selective Catalysis (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOn Selective CatalysisGeorge-Maria. Schwab and Elly. Schwab-AgallidisCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1949, 71, 5, 1806–1816Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01173a081https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01173a081research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views148Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Improving Automatic Transmission Shift Quality by Feedback Control with a Turbine Speed Sensor (1991)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Shift quality in automatic transmissions is greatly affected by deterioration and variation of engine torque, hydraulic pressure control valves, friction elements and other factors. This paper presents a new control system that improves shift quality by using a turbine speed sensor to monitor the shift duration, particularly the duration of the inertia phase.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The use of feedback control to vary the line pressure according to the shift duration makes it possible to eliminate the effects of aging and component variability. Other factors affecting shift quality, such as atmospheric pressure, road gradient and additional engine load from the air conditioner and alternator, were also examined, and it was found that their effects can be virtually eliminated through feedback control. The inertia phase usually becomes shorter as the engaging clutch capacity increases. However, an extremely small torque capacity can cause a short inertia phase, resulting in a large torque disturbance. This problem is avoided by measuring the interval from the initiation of the shift command to the completion of the inertia phase, this making it possible to distinguish between small and large torque capacity conditions.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Power-off upshifts, resulting from abrupt throttle closing, can cause shock and chatter. These disturbances are eliminated through synchronized clutch engagement, achieved by sensing the speed ratio between the turbine and output shaft.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Power-on downshifts when going downhill pose a critical condition for clutch slip. Friction elements are protected from damage in this system by controlling the timing and capacity of the engaging and releasing elements.</div>
Undergraduates’ Use of Social Media as Information Sources (2014)

Social media have become increasingly popular among different user groups. Although used for social purposes, some social media platforms (such as Wikipedia) have been emerging as important information sources. Focusing on undergraduate students, a survey was conducted to investigate the following: (1) which social media platforms are used as information sources; (2) what are the main reasons for using these social media platforms for information seeking; and (3) what kinds of actions are taken to evaluate the quality of the information gained from such sources. The study provides a snapshot of current trends in terms of the use of social media as information sources. It also sheds lights on the actions that the undergraduate students took to evaluate information from social media, including social networking and video sharing sites that have rarely been studied previously. Based on the findings, suggestions are made for information literacy programs and roles of librarians and educators.
Scheduling coupled tasks (1980)

Abstract Consider a set of task pairs coupled in time: a first (initial) and second (completion) tasks of known durations with a specified time between them. If the operator or machine performing these tasks is able to process only one at a time, scheduling is necessary to insure that no overlap occurs. This problem has a particular application to production scheduling, transportation, and radar operations (send‐receive pulses are ideal examples of time‐linked tasks requiring scheduling). This article discusses several candidate techniques for schedule determination, and these are evaluated in a specific radar scheduling application.
Positional Estimation Within a Latent Space Model for Networks (2006)

Recent advances in latent space and related random effects models hold much promise for representing network data. The inherent dependency between ties in a network makes modeling data of this type difficult. In this article we consider a recently developed latent space model that is particularly appropriate for the visualization of networks. We suggest a new estimator of the latent positions and perform two network analyses, comparing four alternative estimators. We demonstrate a method of checking the validity of the positional estimates. These estimators are implemented via a package in the freeware statistical language R. The package allows researchers to efficiently fit the latent space model to data and to visualize the results.
Representation Learning for Image-based Music Recommendation (2018)

Image perception is one of the most direct ways to provide contextual information about a user concerning his/her surrounding environment; hence images are a suitable proxy for contextual recommendation. We propose a novel representation learning framework for image-based music recommendation that bridges the heterogeneity gap between music and image data; the proposed method is a key component for various contextual recommendation tasks. Preliminary experiments show that for an image-to-song retrieval task, the proposed method retrieves relevant or conceptually similar songs for input images.
Organic Compounds of Niobium and Tantalum. Reactions of Niobium and Tantalum Pentaethoxides with Dibenzoylmethane (1967)

Abstract Following three types of new compounds have been isolated: M(OEt)4(Dbm), M(OEt)3(Dbm)2 and M(OEt)2(Dbm)3 (where M is niobium or tantalum) by the reactions of niboum and tantalum pentaethoxides with dibenzoylmethane. These derivatives interchange their ethoxy groups with tertiary butanol. The molecular weights of the few compounds have been determined ebullioscopically in benzene.
Peroxidation of free and esterified fatty acids by horseradish peroxidase (1984)

Abstract Linoleic and arachidonic acids and unsaturated esterified fatty acids of soybean lecithin liposomes were oxidized by horseradish peroxidase in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. The major products formed in the presence of oxygen were fatty acid hydroperoxides. In the absence of oxygen, other unidentified products were formed. Diene conjugation was about 5 times faster in oxygen than in nitrogen. Malondialdehyde was formed only in the presence of oxygen. Superoxide, singlet oxygen and hydroxyl radical may have been involved in the free fatty acid oxidation system but not in the liposome system. Replacement of hydrogen peroxide with the hydrogen peroxide (and superoxide) generators xanthine oxidase or galactose oxidase caused a more efficient oxidation in the presence of peroxidase than in its absence, suggesting that the in vivo toxicity of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide may be greatly increased in the presence of peroxidase.
Inhibited at the Nucleus (2011)

A nuclear pore component maintains an inactive pool of the cAMP effector Epac1 at the nuclear envelope.