gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Differences in Size, Strength, and Power of Upper and Lower Body Muscle Groups in Young and Older Men (2005)

We compared muscle thickness, torque, normalized torque (torque/muscle thickness), and power at 1.05 rad/s and 3.14 rad/s in flexor and extensor muscles of the elbow and knee, and in ankle plantar flexors in young (n=22, 18-31 years) and older (n=28, 59-76 years) men. Young men had greater muscle thickness for all muscle groups (p<.01), except elbow extensors, which were similar to older men. Young men had greater torque and power at both velocities for all muscle groups (p<.01), and greater normalized torque at both velocities for the elbow extensors and knee flexors and at the fast velocity for knee extensors. Relative to young mean values, muscle thickness, and torque, normalized torque, and power in the older group were most affected for lower-body measurements, especially at the fast velocity. Torque, normalized torque, and power (especially at fast velocities), and muscle thickness in the lower body are affected more by aging than are upper body measures in men.
A survey of results on mobile phone datasets analysis (2015)

In this paper, we review some advances made recently in the study of mobile phone datasets. This area of research has emerged a decade ago, with the increasing availability of large-scale anonymized datasets, and has grown into a stand-alone topic. We survey the contributions made so far on the social networks that can be constructed with such data, the study of personal mobility, geographical partitioning, urban planning, and help towards development as well as security and privacy issues.
Use of nitrogen vs. carbon dioxide in the characterization of activated carbons (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUse of nitrogen vs. carbon dioxide in the characterization of activated carbonsJ. Garrido, A. Linares-Solano, J. M. Martin-Martinez, M. Molina-Sabio, Francisco Rodriguez-Reinoso, and R. TorregrosaCite this: Langmuir 1987, 3, 1, 76–81Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00073a013https://doi.org/10.1021/la00073a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1761Altmetric-Citations436LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effective treatments for age-related sleep disturbances. (1999)

Fundamental changes in sleep patterns are associated with normal aging, but disturbed sleep with resultant daytime sleepiness and fatigue is an extremely common occurrence among older persons and a frequent catalyst for physician visits. Sleep disorders result from multiple factors--including pharmacologic, physiologic, biologic, and behavioral--and can be mildly debilitating or life-threatening. Diagnosis includes consideration of the presence of physical or mental illness, drug and/or alcohol use or abuse, a primary sleep disorder such as sleep-disordered breathing or periodic limb movements during sleep, changes in circadian rhythms, or poor sleep hygiene. Despite a high rate of use, hypnotics are best suited for periodic rather than chronic sleep disorder symptoms and, in general, should be used only after adjustments in sleep hygiene prove unsuccessful as first-line therapy.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Electrical and Magnetic Properties of BaMo<sub>6</sub>Te<sub>6</sub>: A Novel Reduced Molybdenum Telluride Containing Infinite Chains of trans‐Face Shared Mo<sub>6</sub> Octahedra. (2014)

Abstract The new title compound is prepared by solid state reaction of a stoichiometric mixture of BaTe, MoTe 2 , and Mo (Mo crucible, 1400 °C, 49 h).
Multistep molecular mechanism for Bone morphogenetic protein extracellular transport in the <i>Drosophila</i> embryo (2012)

In the Drosophila embryo, formation of a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) morphogen gradient requires transport of a heterodimer of the BMPs Decapentaplegic (Dpp) and Screw (Scw) in a protein shuttling complex. Although the core components of the shuttling complex--Short Gastrulation (Sog) and Twisted Gastrulation (Tsg)--have been identified, key aspects of this shuttling system remain mechanistically unresolved. Recently, we discovered that the extracellular matrix protein collagen IV is important for BMP gradient formation. Here, we formulate a molecular mechanism of BMP shuttling that is catalyzed by collagen IV. We show that Dpp is the only BMP ligand in Drosophila that binds collagen IV. A collagen IV binding-deficient Dpp mutant signals at longer range in vivo, indicating that collagen IV functions to immobilize free Dpp in the embryo. We also provide in vivo evidence that collagen IV functions as a scaffold to promote shuttling complex assembly in a multistep process. After binding of Dpp/Scw and Sog to collagen IV, protein interactions are remodeled, generating an intermediate complex in which Dpp/Scw-Sog is poised for release by Tsg through specific disruption of a collagen IV-Sog interaction. Because all components are evolutionarily conserved, we propose that regulation of BMP shuttling and immobilization through extracellular matrix interactions is widely used, both during development and in tissue homeostasis, to achieve a precise extracellular BMP distribution.
Modelisation et simulation du comportement dynamique de l'ensemble piece-outil-machine en usinage par outil coupant (1995)

Superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery(STA-MCA)bypass surgery is a common operation in neurosurgery. There are several variations of this surgical method. We conducted a questionnaire survey on the details of surgical procedures in 171 neurosurgical institutes in Japan. Contrary to expectations, wide variations emerged in some surgical procedures, including the shape of skin and muscle incisions, the site of the temporary clip at the donor artery(STA), and the cutting method of the donor end. Western Japan institutions tended to vary more in terms of skin incision methods and donor cutting methods. It will likely be useful in the future to be aware of the numerous variations in surgical methods.
Hydrogen exchange: The modern legacy of Linderstrøm‐Lang (1997)

This discussion, prepared for the Protein Society's symposium honoring the 100th anniversary of Kaj Linderstrøm-Lang, shows how hydrogen exchange approaches initially conceived and implemented by Lang and his colleagues some 50 years ago are contributing to current progress in structural biology. Examples are chosen from the active protein folding field. Hydrogen exchange methods now make it possible to define the structure of protein folding intermediates in various contexts: as tenuous molten globule forms at equilibrium under destabilizing conditions, in kinetic intermediates that exist for less than one second, and as infinitesimally populated excited state forms under native conditions. More generally, similar methods now find broad application in studies of protein structure, energetics, and interactions. This article considers the rise of these capabilities from their inception at the Carlsberg Labs to their contemporary role as a significant tool of modern structural biology.
The Nucleotide Sequence of Koala ( <i>Phascolarctos cinereus</i> ) Retrovirus: a Novel Type C Endogenous Virus Related to Gibbon Ape Leukemia Virus (2000)

A novel retrovirus, morphologically consistent with mammalian C-type retroviruses, was detected by electron microscopy in mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures from 163 koalas and in lymphoma tissue from 3 koalas. PCR amplified provirus from the blood and tissues of 17 wild and captive koalas, and reverse transcriptase-PCR demonstrated viral mRNA, viral genomic RNA, and reverse transcriptase activity in koala serum and cell culture supernatants. Comparison of viral sequences derived from genomic DNA and mRNA showed identity indicative of a single retroviral species-here designated koala retrovirus (KoRV). Southern blot analysis of koala tissue genomic DNA using labelled KoRV probes demonstrated banding consistent with an endogenous retrovirus. Complete and apparently truncated proviruses were detected in DNA of both clinically normal koalas and those with hematopoietic disease. KoRV-related viruses were not detected in other marsupials, and phylogenetic analysis showed that KoRV paradoxically clusters with gibbon ape leukemia virus (GALV). The strong similarity between GALV and KoRV suggests that these viruses are closely related and that recent cross-host transmission has occurred. The complete proviral DNA sequence of KoRV is reported.
<title>Implementation of ID card system using optodigital information hiding scheme</title> (2003)

In this paper, a new ID card system based-on the digital information hiding and optical extraction technique is suggested and implemented. In the information-hiding process, stego keys are digitally generated by using 2-D PRS and used to hide some specific data related to the card holders into their digital photo-image (cover image) in order to verify the ID cards. To extract the hidden data from the photo-image (stego image) in real-time, a matched filter-based optical correlator system is introduced. Optical correlation between the input stego image and the stego keys in the matched filter bank makes the sharp correlation peaks in the correlation plane only if the stego key hidden in the stego image is identically same with the stego key stored in the matched filter bank. This correlation peak signals and its position data can be used for verification of the ID card. In the experiment, a cover image of “Lena” is divided into 10 x 7 blocks and then, the stego key consisting of 64 x 64 pixels selected from 50 valid stego keys is embedded into the 3 different blocks of the cover image. Through the optical correlation between the “Lena” stego image and its valid stego key, resultant three correlation outputs and their position data are finally used for authentication. From these experimental results, a possibility of implementing a new ID card verification system using opto-digital information hiding and extraction scheme is suggested.
Synthesis and Electronic Properties of Poly(aniline-<i>co</i>-2-amino-4-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid) (2008)

Poly(aniline- co-2-amino-4-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid) (PAAHB) was first synthesized via the electrochemical copolymerization of aniline and 2-amino-4-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid (AHB) in the presence of an ionic liquid. The conductivity of PAAHB in the oxidized state is 0.45 S cm(-1). The conductivity and ESR spectra of PAAHB are slightly affected by water. The cyclic voltammograms of PAAHB reveal excellent redox activity from pH<1 to pH 11.0. This is attributed to the synergistic effect of the -SO3- and -OH functional groups in the copolymer chain and the ionic liquid incorporated into the PAAHB film. It is evident that the pH dependence of the redox activity and conductivity of PAAHB is much better than that of polyaniline. The proton NMR spectra of PAAHB and AHB demonstrate that the -SO3- group exists in the copolymer chain instead of the -SO3H group. Therefore, PAAHB can be used for the determination of dopamine in the presence of ascorbic acid as a result of the -SO3- group, which plays an important role in the selectivity.
Validez y validación del método psicoanalítico: Alegato sobre la necesidad de pluralismo metodológico y pragmático en psicoanálisis (2004)

El método psicoanalítico ha sido idealizado desde los tiempos de Freud como un instrumento válido y confiable de conocimiento y eficacia terapéutica. Sin embargo, en las últimas décadas esta idealización ha colapsado y, desde un punto de vista epistemológico, se hace necesario diferenciar entre el valor heurístico del método clínico y los procedimientos de validación de las hipótesis generadas a través de la aplicación del mismo. El conocimiento psicoanalítico contemporáneo muestra una enorme pluralidad de posiciones teóricas y prácticas. Se sugiere para el psicoanálisis contemporáneo asumir una concepción pluralista que aplique estrategias de validación que, además de la coherencia y la correspondencia, combinen la utilidad del conocimiento como criterios de verdad.
Double Asymmetric Dihydroxylation of 1,5‐Hexadiene (1997)

Abstract Double asymmetric dihydroxylation of 1,5‐hexadiene gave in one step a mixture of the d,l / meso tetrols 6 in a ratio of 3.4:1. From this ratio a facial selectivity of 6.65:1 for each double bond can be calculated. As a consequence of the double reaction the d/l ratio can be estimated to be 44:1. Compound 6 served then as starting material for the preparation of the bis‐epoxide 12 and the 2,5‐dihydroxyhexane ( 13 ). While the separation of the diastereomers was not possible so far, this route for the preparation of 6, 12 and 13 might still be useful because it is very short and products derived from them might allow the crucial separation.
Chemical Extraction of Arsenic from Contaminated Soil (2006)

A series of batch extraction experiments were conducted using a fortified soil with different extracting solutions such as inorganic acids (hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), phosphoric acid (H3PO4), perchloric acid (HClO4), or nitric acid (HNO3)), organic acids (acetic acid (C2H4O2), citric acid (C6H8O7)) and alkaline agent (NaOH). Various concentrations were used to investigate the removal efficiency and to optimise the concentration of each extractant. In the present investigation a Kuroboku soil contaminated with arsenite (As(III)) was used as a model soil. Arsenic was extracted most efficiently by 5% H3PO4 with a maximum of more than 99% from the model soil. Sulfuric acid also showed high percentage extraction efficiency. On the other hand, C2H4O2 and oxidizing acids such as HNO3 and HClO4 showed low efficiency of As extraction compared with C6H8O7. Although, NaOH also showed higher extraction efficiencies compared with organic and oxidizing acids but mainly arsenate (As(V)) was found to be the major component. A significant fraction of the As(III) was oxidized to As(V) during mineral acid and alkaline extraction and extraction efficiency also varied with the concentration of the acid and alkali solution.
Análisis de citación de la revista Ciência da Informação del IBICT (2007)

Esta investigación estudia el análisis de citaciones utilizadas por los autores que publican dentro de la revista Ciência da Informação, de donde fueron recuperados 278 artículos científicos en el periodo de 1995 a 2003. En relación al método, utilizamos un fichero en Excel para cuantificar los datos, donde dividimos por género de citas bibliográficas. Se han aplicado técnicas cuantitativas de investigación para analizar las citas de las revistas utilizadas, trabajando con el factor de impacto de las revistas ISI y algunas del SciELO. Otro aspecto fue analizar las citas de libros, tesis, actas de congresos, documentos electrónicos y comunicaciones, que son una fuente fundamental en la confección de un trabajo científico. Posteriormente se investigaron las relaciones y la colaboración institucional de los autores que publican dentro de la revista Ciência da Informação, utilizando el programa Pajek. Y por fin observamos la relación entre las palabras-clave empleadas por los autores que publicaron en la revista, con las temáticas de revistas indizadas en ISI, SciELO y Latindex. Para las conclusiones, destacamos que el mejor periodo de las citas utilizadas fue de 1996 hasta 1998, con una fuerte presencia de revistas ISI y de la propia revista Ciência da Informação.\n\nPalabras-clave\nAnálisis de citación. Revista Ciência da Informação – Ibict. Revistas ISI. Revistas SciELO y Latindex.\n\n\nCitation analysis of the Ciência da Informação journal of the Ibict\n\n\nAbstract\n\n \nThe research studies the analysis of used citations by authors who publish inside the Ciência da Informação journal, where were rescued 278 scientific papers between the period 1995 to 2003. Related to the method, an Excel file was used with the aim of quantify the data, and where we divide by genre the bibliographic cites. Quantitative methods of investigation have been applied to analyze the cites of the used journals, working with the impact factors of ISI journals and some of SciELO. Another aspect of the present study was to analyze the books citations, thesis, electronic acts of congresses, electronic documents and communications, which are a fundamental source to make a scientific work. Lately, the relations and de institutional collaboration of authors who publish inside the Ciência da Informação journal were investigated, using Pajek program. Finally we observed the relation between the used keywords by the authors which published in the journal, with the indexed thematic in ISI, Scielo an Latindex. To conclude, we emphasized that the best period of cites used was between 1996 until 1998, with a strong presence of ISI journals and the own Ciencia da informaçao journal.\n\nKeywords\n\nCitation analysis. Ciência da Informação Journal – Ibict. ISI Journals. SciELO and Latindex Journals.
Anionische O → C‐Umlagerungen bei Trialkylsiloxy‐benzolen und ‐pyridinen (1976)

Eine Wanderung des SiR 3 ‐Restes vom Sauerstoff zum Kohlenstoff tritt bei der Metallierung von Verbindungen des Typs ( 1 ) oder ( 2 ) ein. Nach der Umlagerung steht die Trialkylsilyl‐Gruppe an dem C‐Atom, das vorher das Halogenatom trug. magnified image
Money (1979)

When money is defined as notes and coins plus bank deposits a distinguishing feature of most economies is that money is the only good which can be bought and sold for all other goods. The institution of money is the one basic fundamental feature shared by a wide range of economies, including those in the communist bloc, and clearly the first task of any monetary economist is to explain why so many economies have found it convenient to use the same institution.
Photometric determination of acidity constants by the flow gradient technique without pH measurements (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotometric determination of acidity constants by the flow gradient technique without pH measurementsJuliana. Marcos, Angel. Rios, and Miguel. ValcarcelCite this: Anal. Chem. 1990, 62, 20, 2237–2241Publication Date (Print):October 15, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 October 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00219a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00219a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views219Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The xeroderma pigmentosum group D (<i>XPD</i>) gene: one gene, two functions, three diseases (2001)

DNA, the genetic material in all living organisms, is continually exposed to agents that cause damage to its structure, resulting in the loss of vital genetic information. To counteract the potentially devastating effects of such damage, all organisms have evolved a series of different repair processes, with which many kinds of damage to the DNA can be corrected. The importance of DNA repair is shown by the existence of several human genetic disorders that are caused by defects in one of these repair processes. Thus, for example, most individuals with xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) are unable to repair damage generated in DNA by ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun, whereas patients with hereditary nonpolyposis colon carcinoma are defective in the repair of mismatched bases. XP was the first DNA-repair disorder to be identified. It is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by numerous skin abnormalities ranging from excessive freckling to multiple skin cancers (Fig. 1a) (Bootsma et al. 1998). The incidence of skin cancer is about 2000-fold greater than in normal individuals. All skin abnormalities result from exposure to sunlight and are caused by inability to repair DNA damage induced in the skin by sunlight. The more severely affected patients have neurological abnormalities caused by premature neuronal death. Cells from XP donors are hypersensitive to killing by UV irradiation, and this is caused, in the majority of cases, by defects in nucleotide excision repair (NER), the process with which UV-induced photoproducts in the DNA are removed and replaced (Friedberg et al. 1995). XP is genetically heterogeneous. There are eight complementation groups designated XP-A through G and XP-variant. The XPD gene, defective in XP individuals assigned to the XP-D complementation group, is the topic of this review.
Surface reflectance measurements in the UV from an airborne platform Part 1 (1980)

The reflectance of naturally occurring surfaces is measured from a twin engine Cessna 402B aircraft both spectrally (0.29–0.40 μm) with a compact double monochromator and broadband (0.29–1.2 μm) with a UV enhanced photodiode. The measurement system, which is computer controlled and electrically isolated from the aircraft, consists of upward and downward looking hemispheric diffusers, filters, a rotating 90° mirror, a focusing lens, and a double monochromator/PMT or the UV photodiode. Measurements are taken at several altitudes enabling the empirical determination of backscatter and attenuation effects on the reflectance. The results are presented for pine forest canopy, green farmland, open ocean, and brown farmland as a function of wavelength and altitude.
A Novel Effect. Changes in the Electrochemical Response of Polycrystalline Platinum Promoted by Very Fast Potential Perturbations (1985)

Considerations sur les voltammogrammes obtenus avec une electrode de Pt polycristallin, soumise a des balayages de potentiel, triangulaires, repetitives et tres rapides
Gerlof Verwey, Psychiatry in an anthropological and biomedical context: Philosophical presuppositions and implications of German psychiatry, 1820–1870.Dordrecht, Boston, and Lancaster, D. Reidel, 1984, 8vo, pp. xix, 316, £30.50. (1986)

Gerlof Verwey, Psychiatry in an anthropological and biomedical context: Philosophical presuppositions and implications of German psychiatry, 1820–1870.Dordrecht, Boston, and Lancaster, D. Reidel, 1984, 8vo, pp. xix, 316, £30.50. - Volume 30 Issue 2