gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electron spin resonance spin-label studies of intercalation of ethidium bromide and aromatic amine carcinogens in DNA. (1976)

A spin-labeled technique has been developed for the study of carcinogen-DNA intercalation mechanisms utilizing a modified ethidium bromide as a model ligand and specifically synthesized spin labels of carcinogenic aromatic amines such as 2-aminofluorene, 2-aminoanthracene, and 6-aminochrysene. The technique takes advantage of the characteristic electron spin resonance anisotropy of the corresponding spin labels complexed with DNA. Analysis of the orientation-dependent information thus obtained has clearly shown that the lignad moieties in all 4 respective complexes are accommodated in adjacent base-pair layers of the DNA with the nitroxide reporter oriented in 1 preferential direction. The geometry of the nitroxide rings with respect to their respective constraining ligands in a particular complex appeared to be largely dependent upon the size of the ligand moiety and the position of the reporter attachment on the ligand molecule. A coplanar configuration is most favored for the spin labels in which the ligand moiety per se is a 3-fused ring with the nitroxide substituted at a position on or close to the longitudinal end of the ligand molecule. Temperature studies in which the heat-induced release of the bound label is monitored by electron spin resonance gives an accurate measure of the complex dissociation characteristics that appear to parallel the helical coil cooperative melting transition monitored by absorbance measurements. The extent of dissociation of the bound spin labels parallels almost exactly the melting, i.e., unzipping of the DNA double helix, suggesting that the spin labels are immobilized by intercalation at the site on the DNA directly involved in the maintenance of the double helical structure. Analysis of the electron spin resonance spectra of the complexes in terms of the extent of immobilization indicates that, for aromatic amine spin labels, two different binding species exist, one strongly immobilized presumably at a guanine-cytosine base-pair region and the other partially immobilized in a region other than guanine-cytosine base pair. Competitive binding of the labels with respect to their parent ligand and binding isotherm results show that nitroxide substitution does not affect the type of binding but does affect the extent of binding, i.e.. binding constant with the labeled compound having a lower affinity.
Novel MOS-C oscillators using the current feedback op-amp (2000)

Three new MOS-C oscillators using the current feedback op-amp are presented. The proposed oscillators have the advantage of independent control of the oscillation frequency and the condition of oscillation. Two of the proposed MOS-C oscillators provide two outputs in phase quadrature. The third proposed oscillator provides two outputs in the balanced form. PSpice simulation results for the proposed oscillators are given.
Elsevier's Dictionary of Chemoetymology: The Whies and Whences of Chemical Nomenclature and Terminology (2006)

Noting a marked lack of comprehensiveness and/or contemporaneity among typical reference works on chemical etymology, as well as a somewhat spotty coverage of chemical terms and their etymology in comprehensive dictionaries and textbooks the author decided to write an up-to-date desk reference on chemical etymology which would satisfy the needs of casual readers as well as those of more demanding users of etymological lore. Characteristic user-friendly features of the present work include avoidance of cumbersome abbreviations, avoidance of entries in foreign alphabets, and a broad coverage of all chemical disciplines including mineralogy. Biological, medical, geological, physical and mathematical terms are only considered where they appear of interest to mainstream chemists. This book does not provide definitions of terms (unless required in the etymological context) nor guidance as to the timeliness of different nomenclature systems. The typical user will from the outset be well aware of the exact meaning of the terms he or she focuses on and only require the etymological background to be used. Examples of sources which have been drawn upon in the preparation of this book, apart from the extremely useful Internet resource Google, are listed, but an exhausting enumeration would be tiresome and impractical. This is an up-to-date desk reference on chemical etymology. It contains characteristic user-friendly features. It provides broad coverage of all chemical disciplines.
Altered Ca<sup>2+</sup>Signaling and Mitochondrial Deficiencies in Hippocampal Neurons of Trisomy 16 Mice: A Model of Down’s Syndrome (1998)

It has been suggested that augmented nerve cell death in neurodegenerative diseases might result from an impairment of mitochondrial function. To test this hypothesis, we investigated age-dependent changes in neuronal survival and glutamate effects on Ca2+ homeostasis and mitochondrial energy metabolism in cultured hippocampal neurons from diploid and trisomy 16 (Ts16) mice, a model of Down's syndrome. Microfluorometric techniques were used to measure survival rate, [Ca2+]i level, mitochondrial membrane potential, and NAD(P)H autofluorescence. We found that Ts16 neurons die more than twice as fast as diploid neurons under otherwise identical culture conditions. Basal [Ca2+]i levels were elevated in Ts16 neurons. Moreover, in comparison to diploid neurons, Ts16 neurons showed a prolonged recovery of [Ca2+]i and mitochondrial membrane potential after brief glutamate application. Glutamate evoked an initial NAD(P)H decrease that was found to be extended in Ts16 neurons in comparison to diploid neurons. Furthermore, for all age groups tested, glutamate failed to cause a subsequent NAD(P)H overshoot in Ts16 cultures in contrast to diploid cultures. In the presence of cyclosporin A, an inhibitor of the mitochondrial membrane permeability transition, NAD(P)H increase was observed in both diploid and Ts16 neurons. The results support the hypothesis that Ca2+ impairs mitochondrial energy metabolism and may play a role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative changes in neurons from Ts16 mice.
The HELP system: an efficient and safe method of plasma therapy in the treatment of severe hypercholesterolemia. (1990)

The HELP procedure provides a new means of very efficiently treating high LDL concentrations in severe hypercholesterolemia with the additional effect of lowering Lp(a) and fibrinogen while HDL are increased during long-term treatment. The HELP treatment also significantly improves plasma viscosity, erythrocyte aggregation and erythrocyte filtration. Overall treatment tolerance is very good, and no major complications have been observed after approximately 10,000 single treatments in 155 patients--some of them treated for more than three years. In combination with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, a mean interval value of--75% for LDL as compared to the starting concentration may be achieved. The treatment has the advantage that the patient is not exposed to foreign proteins or compounds with attendant immunological problems. It displays a high degree of reproducibility and an almost unlimited capacity, guaranteeing a constant therapy independent of the clinic performing the treatment. We trust that the clinical benefit of this treatment regimen will be substantial for those patients who have problems in clearing LDL from their plasma pool and who are at the same time sensitive to elevated LDL levels by the development of premature coronary sclerosis.
Family history of heart attack: a modifiable risk factor? (1986)

A family history of heart attack is reported to be an independent predictor of cardiovascular death in men. In a 9 year follow-up of 4014 adults from 40 to 79 years old in the Rancho Bernardo Study, men under 60 years of age with a family history of heart attack were at fivefold increased risk. In this study, we sought to determine whether modifiable risk factors, i.e., blood pressure, plasma cholesterol, obesity, and cigarette smoking, have a differential effect on cardiovascular risk in those with and without a family history of heart attack. For both sexes, cigarette smoking was a stronger predictor of cardiovascular disease in those with a family history of heart attack (relative risk of smokers vs nonsmokers was 2.5 for men and 4.0 for women) than in those with no such family history (relative risk of smokers vs nonsmokers was 1.1 for men and 1.7 for women). Conversely, an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality in men with a family history of heart attack was present predominantly in smokers (relative risk related to positive family history was 1.2 in nonsmokers, and 3.3 in smokers). An estimated 68% of the excess deaths in men with a family history of heart attack were attributable solely to the interaction of family history with smoking habit and were therefore potentially avoidable. The risk of cardiovascular disease associated with an apparently inherited predisposition appears to be profoundly affected by modifiable behavior.
An Optimized Scheduling Scheme to Provide Quality of Service in 802.11e Wireless LAN (2009)

802.11 WLAN technology has been widely used recently to transmit heterogeneous data. The transmission of multimedia data has its quality of service (QoS) requirements. Hybrid Coordination Function (HCF) is proposed to provide service differentiation to support real-time transmission by 802.11e working group. HCF is composed of connection-based Enhanced Distributed Coordination Access (EDCA) and contention-free control-based HCF Controlled Channel Access (HCCA). The simple scheduler in HCCA proposed by 802.11e working group generates constant bit rate service, which is not efficient for the multimedia data with variable bit rates. An efficient scheduling scheme for the 802.11e wireless LAN is proposed in this paper. The allocation of the transmission opportunity to each wireless station is based on the optimization performance index and uses the queue length of the wireless station as feedback information. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheduling can achieve a better QoS for different traffic class under heavy traffic load.
Pregnancy outcomes among renal transplant recipients and patients with end-stage renal disease on dialysis (2015)

Patients with a functional renal graft had an overall lower rate of morbidity and adverse pregnancy complications when compared to patients with ESRD on dialysis.
Targeting the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis in systemic lupus erythematosus (2009)

CXCR4 antagonists have garnered much interest as promising treatments for cancer metastases and HIV. Given its ability to attract multiple leukocyte subsets and stimulate B cell production and myelopoeisis, recent attention has been directed to these inhibitors in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).To assess the potential of CXCR4 antagonists in SLE.We reviewed literature on the expression of CXCR4 and its ligand CXCL12, and the effects of CXCR4 antagonists in murine and human SLE.CXCR4 and CXCL12 have been found at abundant levels in peripheral blood leukocyte subsets as well as immune and non-immune organs in lupus-prone murine models. While SLE patients have displayed upregulated, downregulated, or unchanged levels of CXCR4 in circulating blood lymphocytes, CXCR4 and CXCL12 were found prominently in the skin and kidney, suggesting that the ultimate destinations of CXCR4(+) cells include these areas. CXCR4 antagonists have been explored in murine lupus models, in which disease severity and nephritis significantly improved. While clinical trials of CXCR4 antagonists in SLE have yet to be initiated, these inhibitors appear to have the potential to improve disease prognosis in severe lupus patients, particularly those with lupus nephritis.
The use of semiochemical slow-release devices in integrated pest management strategies (2011)

The development of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies is increasing since many problems appeared with the use of synthetic pesticides. Semiochemicals – informative molecules used in insect-insect or plant-insect interaction – are more and more considered within IPM strategies as alternative or complementary approach to insecticide treatments. Indeed, these species-specific compounds do not present any related adversely affectation of beneficial organisms and do not generate any risk of pest insect resistance as observed with insecticides. Because of their complex biological activity, their dispersion in the environment to be protected or monitored needs the elaboration of slow-release devices ensuring a controlled release of the biologically active volatile compounds. These sensitive molecules also need to be protected from degradation by UV light and oxygen. Many studies were conducted on estimation of release-rate from commercialized or experimental slow-release devices. The influence of climatic parameters and dispenser type were estimated by previous authors in order to provide indications about the on-field longevity of lures. The present review outlines a list of slow-release studies conducted by many authors followed by a critical analysis of these studies.
Colorectal carcinoma evaluation with CT: preoperative staging and detection of postoperative recurrence. (1986)

CT was performed prior to surgery in 103 patients with colorectal carcinoma to assess its value in staging the tumor. Preoperative IBD scans had sensitivities and specificities of 72.7% and 98.9% in detection of liver metastases, 25.9% and 96% in detection of lymph node metastases, and 61.2% and 80.6% in detection of local extension. Compared with the Duke's classification, CT correctly staged only 47.5% of patients: 16.6% were upstaged, and 83.3% were downstaged. Recurrent tumors developed in 11 of 67 patients followed for more than 24 months. CT depicted recurrence in six patients scanned prior to 12 months. Routine scans obtained at 12 months depicted unsuspected tumor recurrence in three of four patients with proved recurrent disease (one patient with pulmonary metastases did not undergo CT). This study indicates that because of the poor accuracy of CT in preoperative local staging of colorectal carcinoma, it has virtually no useful clinical role in this regard. However, preoperative CT evaluation of the liver can be useful. Routine postoperative CT, combined with fine-needle aspiration biopsy, is useful for detection of recurrent tumor.
Innovation drivers for electric power-assisted steering (2003)

The article is concerned with the analysis, design, and implementation of an electric power-assisted steering (EPAS) system for passenger cars. Key components of the EPAS system include a torque sensor, electric motor, electronic control unit, and control and diagnostic algorithms implemented in software. The heart of a typical EPAS system consists of a three-phase motor and its associated power electronics drive circuitry. The main functional blocks of the electrical drive system are the vehicle power supply (battery and harness), a filter circuit, a three-phase inverter bridge, and the motor windings. The single-unit integrated design of EPAS can be packaged on the steering column, steering rack, or pinion. The technical and commercial benefits of EPAS are compared with existing technologies. Detailed examples that link control and systems analysis to innovative areas of the design is also focused upon.
Chirp-grating lens for guided-wave optics (1978)

A high-throughput diffraction-limited chirp-grating Bragg diffraction lens for guided-wave optical device applications has been demonstrated with planar photolithographic fabrication techniques. Diffraction-limited performance has been obtained with a 2-mm-aperture f/16 lens focusing the He-Ne laser beam to a 6.1-μm spot size. The grating diffraction efficiency to the focus is over 90%. This type of lens has predictable focusing properties which are insensitive to process variations, an important consideration for accurately aligned integrated optical systems.
Quantitative differences in the cellular yield of two bronchial brushes. (1975)

Two commercially available bronchial brushes were compared for their cellular yield. Specimens were obtained from 45 patients and 13 dogs by tracheal brushing via bronchofiberscopy. After extraction of the cells from the brushes, total cell count and the percentage of ciliated cells were determined in a hemacytometer. There was a large, significant difference in the number of cells obtained by the two brushes but no difference in the percentage of ciliated cells. Because the number of cells available for study may relate to the likelihood of making a positive cytologic diagnosis, the results suggest that bronchial brushes should be evaluated for their cellular yield.
A Pre-Scheduling Mechanism in LTE Handover for Streaming Video (2016)

This paper focuses on downlink packet scheduling for streaming video in Long Term Evolution (LTE). As a hard handover is adopted in LTE and has the period of breaking connection, it may cause a low user-perceived video quality. Therefore, we propose a handover prediction mechanism and a pre-scheduling mechanism to dynamically adjust the data rates of transmissions for providing a high quality of service (QoS) for streaming video before new connection establishment. Advantages of our method in comparison to the exponential/proportional fair (EXP/PF) scheme are shown through simulation experiments.
Efficient Near Maximum-Likelihood Detection for Underdetermined MIMO Antenna Systems Using a Geometrical Approach (2007)

Maximum-likelihood (ML) detection is guaranteed to yield minimum probability of erroneous detection and is thus of great importance for both multiuser detection and space-time decoding. For multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna systems where the number of receive antennas is at least the number of signals multiplexed in the spatial domain, ML detection can be done efficiently using sphere decoding. Suboptimal detectors are also well known to have reasonable performance at low complexity. It is, nevertheless, much less understood for obtaining good detection at affordable complexity if there are less receive antennas than transmitted signals (i.e., underdetermined MIMO systems). In this paper, our aim is to develop an effcient detection strategy that can achieve near ML performance for underdetermined MIMO systems. Our method is based on the geometrical understanding that the ML point happens to be a point that is "close" to the decoding hyperplane in all directions. The fact that such proximity-close points are much less is used to devise a decoding method that promises to greatly reduce the decoding complexity while achieving near ML performance. An average-case complexity analysis based on Gaussian approximation is also given.
The Rationale of Epididymo-Vasectomy in Genital Tuberculosis (1935)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Aug 1935The Rationale of Epididymo-Vasectomy in Genital Tuberculosis Horace E. Campbell Horace E. CampbellHorace E. Campbell More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)76961-3AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail © 1935 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByGibson T (2018) Genital Tuberculosis Diagnosis and TreatmentJournal of Urology, VOL. 37, NO. 1, (186-193), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1937. Volume 34Issue 2August 1935Page: 134-141 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1935 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Horace E. Campbell More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
A high brightness light-emitting diode driver with power factor and total harmonic distortion improved (2011)

In this paper, a novel bridgeless light-emitting diode (LED) driver is presented. Via a simple control circuit, the power factor (PF) and total harmonic distortion (THD) of the proposed bridgeless LED driver are significantly improved as compared with the traditional one. The proposed AC LED driver is capacitorless and inductorless, thereby causing the integral circuit design to be easy to achieve. Besides, by doing so, there are other advantages, such as reduction of LED heat dissipation, enhancement of life of the LED driver, reduction of size and weight of light equipment. In this paper, the basic operating principles of the LED driver is described in detail, along with some simulated and experimental results to demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed LED driver.
Subaperture autofocus for synthetic aperture radar (1994)

A subaperture autofocus algorithm for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) partitions range-compressed phase-history data collected over a full aperture into equal-width subapertures. Application of a one-dimensional Fourier transform to each range bin converts each subaperture data set into a full-scene image (map). Any linear phase difference, or phase ramp, between a pair of subapertures expresses itself as cross-range drift in their maps. A traditional autofocus algorithm fits a polynomial to inferred equal-width phase ramps. If the true phase error function contains significant high-order components, then polynomial regression generates a poor estimate of the phase error function. Instead of filling a polynomial, we fit a sinusoidal function through the inferred phase ramps. An example with a degraded SAR image shows how a sinusoidal correction improves image quality. We compare lower bounds on mean squared error (MSE) for polynomial and sinusoidal parameterizations. Sinusoidal parameterization reduces MSE significantly for model orders greater than five.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Network Connection Proxy to Enable Hosts to Sleep and Save Energy (2008)

Billions of dollars of electricity are being used to keep idle or unused network hosts fully powered-on only to maintain their network presence. We investigate how a network connectivity proxy (NCP) could enable significant energy savings by allowing idle hosts to enter a low-power sleep state and still maintain full network presence. An NCP must handle ARP, ICMP, DHCP, and other low-level network presence tasks for a network host. An NCP must also be able to maintain TCP connections and UDP data flows and to respond to application messages. The focus of this paper is on how TCP connections can be kept alive during periods of host sleep by using a SOCKS-based approach called green SOCKS (gSOCKS) as part of an NCP. The gSOCKS includes awareness of the power state of a host. A prototype implementation of gSOCKS in a Linksys router shows that TCP connections can be preserved.
논문 : 주조용 Al-4wt%Mg-0.9wt%Si-0.3wt%Mn-0.15wt%Fe 합금의 결정립 미세화와 주조특성에 미치는 Ti, B, Zr 첨가원소의 영향 (2015)

The effects of Ti, B and Zr on grain refinement and castability were investigated in Al-4wt%Mg-0.9wt%Si-0.3wt%Mn-0.15wt%Fe alloy. Measurement of cooling curve and micro-structure observation were performed to analyze the effects of the addition of minor elements Ti, B and Zr during solidification. The prominence of effect on grain refinement was in increasing order for Ti, Zr and B element. Fine grain size and an increase of the crystallization temperature for α-Al solution were evident as the amount of addition elements increased in this study. Addition of 0.15wt% Ti was most effective for grain refinement, and the resulting grain size of α-Al solution for shell mold and steel mold were 72.3 μm and 23.5 μm, respectively. Fluidity and shrinkage tests were perform to evaluate the castability of the alloy. Maximum fluidity length and minimum ratio of micro shrinkage were recorded for 0.15wt% Ti addition due to the effect of the finest grain size.