gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optical characterization of europium and cerium in strontium thiogallate thin films and powders (1996)

Luminescent properties of Eu2+ or Ce3+ doped SrGa2S4 powder samples are investigated over the temperature range 30 to 300 K. Up to 300 K the lifetime remains constant (τ0 = 480 and 24 ns for Eu2+ and Ce3+, respectively) showing that the probability of non-radiative transitions is negligible at room temperature. The decay of thin films prepared by reactive radio-frequency magnetron sputtering deviates strongly from an exponential one as a consequence of energy transfer to defects. Codoping of Ce3+ with Na+ considerably increases the luminescence efficiency. Les propriétés luminescentes de poudres de SrGa2S4 dopées au Eu2+ et au Ce3+ sont étudiées pour des températures variant de 30 à 300 K. Jusqu'à 300 K, les durées de vie restent invariantes (τ0 = 480 et 24 ns pour Eu2+ et Ce3+ respectivement). Ceci montre que les probabilités de transitions non-radiatives sont négligeables à la température ambiante. Le déclin de couches minces préparées par pulvérisation cathodique radio-fréquence est beaucoup plus rapide et montre la présence d'un transfert d'énergie vers des défauts. Le codopage de SrGa2S4:Ce3+ avec du Na+ améliore fortment le rendement de luminescence.
Combined Scheduling of Sensing and Communication for Real-Time Indoor Tracking in Assisted Living (2006)

As the elderly population increases, the elderly care using inexpensive technological means becomes critical. This paper proposes novel scheduling algorithms for real-time indoor tracking of elderly residents, which is essential to assist and secure their independent living. Our scheduling algorithms are designed by harmonizing both sensing and communication signals and leveraging location-awareness and mobility-consciousness, in order to improve the tracking accuracy while reducing the energy consumption. We performed extensive experiments through both simulation and actual implementation. Our experimental result says that our scheduling algorithms can provide real-time tracking of residents within 20 cm error bound in the typical range of human mobility
Proceedings, 16th IEEE Symposium on Computer Arithmetic, ARITH-16 2003, 15-18 June 2003, Santiago de Compostela, Spain (2003)

A collection of 34 papers presented at the June 2003 symposium on computer arithmetic, number systems, and the implementation of arithmetic processing components. Several of the papers describe new algorithms for basic arithmetic operations and cryptography, and new methods for testing and error analysis. Other topics include hardware implementatio
사회복지공동모금회와 사회복지시설간 조직권력이 관계만족에 미치는 영향 - 개인신뢰, 조직신뢰 및 조직몰입의 매개효과 검증 - (2016)

This study is focusing on the organizational power that is empirically collected from the relationship between the Community Chest of Korea and social welfare groups. In this perspective, thisstudy has been conducted for the purpose of promoting their partnership by researching on how this organization power influences their members, personal, organizational trust, and their involvement measure by mediating effect. In the existing researches, they have mainly focused on coorperationship between the Community Chest of Korea and social welfare groups. However, it is true that studies on its organization power were not good enough. As a result, this study will look into how the influence of this power is related with personal, organizational power, and involvement. As a methodology, the five hypotheses were suggested to support my claim and the samplepopulation used in this study is chosen from both the community chest of Korea and social welfare groups. Total number of sample population is 422 consisting of 166 samples from the Community Chest of Korea and 256 samples from social welfare groups. The collected survey papers were analyzed through SPSS and AMOS in terms of multivariate statistics and parameter analysis. This research suggests following practical and politic implications. First of all, it is required to make reliable circumstances between the Community Chest of Korea and social welfare groups to overcome the difference of oganizational power. Secondly, from the announcement of distribution business of the Community Chest of Korea to the all process associated with request, judgement and choice, they should be impartial and assessed properly. Thirdly, it is necessary to update the information of the Community Chest of Korea and its value establishment. Fourthly, for the purpose of cooperative partnership and relational satisfaction among them, the Community Chest of Korea needs organizational trust on social welfare groups. As for social welfare groups, they need improvement on non-forceful power and organizational involvement. Finally, the parameter analysis revealed partial relational effect in case of the non-forceful power and relational satisfaction. In case of forceful power and relationship, some variables showed full relational effect. In sum, for the purpose of impoving organizational involvement and to acknowledge the importance of non-forceful power ,it is necessary to have the organizational culture to alleviate forceful power.
Purification and characterization of a β‐glucosidase from <i>Evernia prunastri</i> (1988)

Intracellular beta-glucosidase from Evernia prunastri has been purified to homogeneity using anion exchange on DEAE-Sephadex A-50, and gel filtration chromatography on Sephadex G-100 and Sepharose 6B. The purified beta-glucosidase showed a single protein band on native electrophoresis and its isoelectric point was at pH 3.12. The molecular mass, calculated from its partition coefficient on the Sepharose 6B column, was 311 kDa, being composed of several subunits of 60 and 70 kDa. The highest activity of this enzyme was attained at pH 4.0 and 60 degrees C. The enzyme showed strong resistance to thermal inactivation. Its activation energy was about 15 kJ/mol. Cellobiose, salicin, and p-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucoside, but not carboxymethylcellulose, were hydrolyzed by the enzyme, following substrate inhibition kinetics. The purified beta-glucosidase was considered a true cellobiase because of its great affinity towards cellobiose. Cellobiose inhibition does not seem to be a physiological phenomenon. Glucose inhibited enzyme activity in a competitive way (Ki = 1.26 mM). Fe3+ and Co2+ inhibited activity notably. Hg2+, Cu2+ and EDTA were practically ineffective. Even 200 mM gluconolactone did not affect enzyme activity.
Coding for the mimo broadcast channel (2003)

In this work, we analyze the perfor- mance of different coding techniques for the multiple- input multiple-output (MIMO) Gaussian broadcast channel. We begin by considering the case where the channel is known at the transmitter and receiver to compare different coding schemes. We also consider the case where the channel is only known at the re- ceiver, for which we derive practical coding schemes that approach closely the theoretical limits.
CMOS interface circuitry for a low-voltage micromachined tunneling accelerometer (1998)

This paper describes the design and development of three types of complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) interface circuitry for low-voltage micromachined tunneling accelerometers. Using a simple inductance-capacitance-resistance (LCR) circuit as well as two nonlinear current/voltage-controlled current sources, an electromechanical model enables simulating and predicting the performance of the accelerometer with CMOS interface circuitry. Of the three types of interface circuitry, the one utilizing a pn-junction diode as a logarithmic current-to-voltage converter has the best performance. The hybrid sensor-circuit module can be incorporated into a portable battery-operated multisensor instrumentation microsystem. Only one 12-V power supply is required for device operation with a power dissipation of 2.5 mW. The accelerometer has a sensitivity of 125 mV/g and bandwidth of 2.5 kHz with a measurement range of 30 g. The noise spectral density with a 1/f behavior drops from 4 mg//spl radic/(Hz) (at 0.5 Hz) to 0.1 mg//spl radic/(Hz) (at 2.5 kHz). The accelerometer in turn provides a dynamic range over 71 dB with a minimum detectable acceleration of 8 mg in a bandwidth of 2.5 kHz. In continuous operation over 720 h, the long-term variations of the output offset voltage and device sensitivity are /spl plusmn/10 mV (0.12%) and /spl plusmn/0.2 mV/g (0.15%), respectively.
Pharmacogenetics in Psychiatry - A Useful Clinical Tool or Wishful Thinking for the Future? (2009)

More than fifty years of pharmacogenetic research have produced many examples of the impact of inherited variability in the response to psychotropic drugs. These successes, however, have as yet failed to translate into broadly applicable strategies for the improvement of individual drug treatment in psychiatry. One important argument against the widespread adoption of pharmacogenetics as a clinical tool is the lack of evidence showing its impact on medical decision making and on risk benefit ratio for the patients. The individual drug metabolizing capacity is assessed by genotyping drug metabolizing enzymes. The potential implications of information gained from genotyping are dose adjustments according to genotype. However, even when the consequences of genotype on pharmacokinetics are significant and well known, as in the case of many tricyclic antidepressants and several SSRIs, there is still considerable controversy on whether adjustment of dosage driven by genetic information may improve therapeutic efficacy, and/or adverse events is prevented, to an extent of any practical importance in clinical practice. Different types of pharmacogenetic studies may improve our understanding of the functional consequence of a genetic variant in the clinical setting. The use of intermediate phenotypes instead of broad outcome parameters such as drug response or remission might improve our knowledge on what exactly happens if an individual with a specific genotype takes a certain drug. Here, we review the potential impact of an integrated approach, including the assessment of intermediate phenotypes for the effect of genetic polymorphism, the monitoring of therapy progress, and response prediction in depression.
Further evidence for an association between psoriasis, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (1982)

To test the hypothesis that psoriasis is associated with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, 204 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (116 with Crohn's disease and 88 with ulcerative colitis) and 204 age and sex matched controls were interviewed and examined. The prevalance of psoriasis in Crohn's disease (II.2%) and in ulcerative colitis (5.7%), was significantly greater than in the control group (1.5%). The prevalence of psoriasis in first degree relatives of patients with inflammatory bowel disease was also increased. It is suggested that there is a relationship between psoriasis, ankylosing spondylitis, sacroiliitis, peripheral arthropathy and inflammatory bowel disease, which may be explained by common genetic factors.
The development of recreational cycle routes: an evaluation of user needs (2001)

During the past decade there has been increased provision of recreational routes throughout Europe, North America and Australasia. Many of these have been primarily resource-led in terms of using redundant assets rather than designed on the basis of user expectations. This paper is concerned with identifying and evaluating factors that are considered important by casual recreational day cyclists when using recreational cycle routes. A small-scale study was undertaken regarding the development of recreational routes in the Staffordshire Moorlands, UK. The research findings reveal that the cyclist seeks a combination of specific technical and service characteristics such as quiet, traffic free routes that are signed. In addition, they seek a range of intangible attributes such as good scenery, and services, particularly refreshments or way-marking.
Focusing on key elements of TQM – evaluation for sustainability (2002)

Without sustainability TQM initiatives are usually doomed to fail. The essence of TQM is continuity over time and integration of quality management initiatives into daily organizational operations. The purpose of this paper is twofold: to define what are the key priority elements of TQM on which companies need to focus and to present an evaluation tool based on these key elements that can be used to assess the extent of progress of TQM. The tool encompasses ISO 9000 as well as TQM elements, bearing in mind that they should complement rather than conflict with each other. The research context is the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, a less developed country where the issue of sustainability is even more crucial than in fully industrialised countries.
[Value of gray scale ultrasonography in the early diagnosis of urologic complications of renal transplantation]. (2002)

Diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms in kidney transplant patients have been changed since the advent of ultrasound in our country in 1981. Rapid diagnosis and better therapeutic options have been the hallmarks of ultrasound. Added advantages are: it is low-cost, non-invasive, not time consuming. It can be performed regardless of kidney function, can be repeated as many times as required, subsequent scans can be compared. It can be carried out in special care units. The superficial location of the graft makes it highly sensitive. Its disadvantages are low specificity to identify either the nature of the fluid collections or the precise site of urinary tract obstruction, apart from depending on the skill of the operator. Specialists should be familiar with the surgical anatomy of the kidney graft and its variations in order to utilize completely its diagnostic and therapeutic potentials.
Advanced visualization system for monitoring the ATLAS TDAQ network in real-time (2012)

The trigger and data acquisition (TDAQ) system of the ATLAS experiment at CERN comprises approximately 2500 servers interconnected by three separate Ethernet networks, totaling 250 switches. Due to its real-time nature, there are additional requirements in comparison to conventional networks in terms of speed and performance. A comprehensive monitoring framework has been developed for expert use. However, non experts may experience difficulties in using it and interpreting data. Moreover, specific performance issues, such as single component saturation or unbalanced workload, need to be spotted with ease, in real-time, and understood in the context of the full system view. We addressed these issues by developing an innovative visualization system where the users benefit from the advantages of 3D graphics to visualize the large monitoring parameter space associated with our system. This has been done by developing a hierarchical model of the complete system onto which we overlaid geographical, logical and real-time monitoring information. This article briefly describes the network monitoring framework and introduces the system's visualization challenges and previous limitations. The functionality, design and implementation of the 3D visualization system are then described in detail, with a focus on the model design, user interaction, navigation mechanisms and methods used to achieve scalability when rendering and updating many objects in real-time.
A framework for privacy preserving classification in data mining (2004)

Nowadays organizations all over the world are dependent on mining gigantic datasets. These datasets typically contain delicate individual information, which inevitably gets exposed to different parties. Consequently privacy issues are constantly under the limelight and the public dissatisfaction may well threaten the exercise of data mining and all its benefits. It is thus of great importance to develop adequate security techniques for protecting confidentiality of individual values used for data mining. In the last 30 years several techniques have been proposed in the context of statistical databases. It was noticed early on that non-careful noise addition introduces biases to statistical parameters, including means, variances and covariances, and sophisticated techniques that avoid biases were developed. However, when these techniques are applied in the context of data mining, they do not appear to be bias-free. Wilson and Rosen (2002) suggest the existence of Type Data Mining (DM) bias that relates to the loss of underlying patters in the database and cannot be eliminated by preserving simple statistical parameters. In this paper we propose a noise addition framework specifically tailored towards the classification task in data mining. It builds upon some previous techniques that introduce noise to the class and the so-called innocent attributes. Our framework extends these techniques to the influential attributes; additionally, it caters for the preservation of the variances and covariances, along with patterns, thus making the perturbed dataset useful for both statistical and data mining purposes. Our preliminary experimental results indicate that data patterns are highly preserved suggesting the non-existence of DM bias.
Preparation of Highly Fluorinated Cyclopropanes and Ring-Opening Reactions with Halogens (2003)

Various highly fluorinated cyclopropanes 1 were prepared by reaction of the appropriate fluorinated olefins with hexafluoropropylene oxide (HFPO) at 180 °C. The fluorinated nitrile 1e was converted to the triazine derivatives 2a and 2b by catalysis with Ag2O and NH3/(CF3CO)2O, respectively. The fluorinated cyclopropanes reacted with halogens at elevated temperatures to provide the first useful, general synthesis of 1,3-dihalopolyfluoropropanes. At 150−240 °C, hexafluorocyclopropane and halogens X2 produce XCF2CF2CF2X (X = Cl, Br, I) in 50−80% isolated yields. Pentafluorocyclopropanes c-C3F5Y [Y = Cl, OCF3, OC3F7 and OCF2CF(CF3)OCF2CF2Z; Z = SO2F, CN, CO2Me] react regiospecifically at 150 °C to give XCF2CF2CFXY, c-C3F5Br reacts regioselectively with Br2 to give a 16.7:1 mixture of BrCF2CF2CFBr2:BrCF2CFBrCF2Br, whereas c-C3F5H reacts unselectively with I2 to produce a statistical 2:1 mixture of ICF2CF2CFHI:ICF2CFHCF2I. Tri- and di(pentafluorocyclopropyl) derivatives 2 also undergo ring-opening reaction with halogens to give 16 and 17. Upon treatment of tetrafluorocyclopropanes 1j, 1k, and 1l with Br2 or I2, ring opening occurred exclusively at substituted carbons to give XCF2CF2CXY2. Thermolysis of the ring-opened product ICF2CF2CFIORF at 240 °C gave RFI and ICF2CF2COF in high yields.
Optimizing Spectral Feature Based Text-Independent Speaker Recognition (2005)

Abstract A UTOMATIC speaker recognition has been an active research area for morethan 30 years, and the technology has gradually matured to a state ready forreal applications. In the early years, text-depended recognition was morestudied but gradually the focus has moved towards text-independent recognitionbecause their application ﬂeld is much wider, including forensics, teleconferencing,and user interfaces in addition to security applications.Text-independentspeakerrecognitionis considerablymoredi–cultproblemcom-pared to text-depended recognition because the recognition system must be preparedfor an arbitrary input text. Commonly used acoustic features contain both linguisticand speaker information mixed in highly complex way over the frequency spectrum.The solution is to use either better features or better matching strategy, or a com-bination of the two. In this thesis, the subcomponents of text-independent speakerrecognition are studied, and several improvements are proposed for achieving betteraccuracy and faster processing.For feature extraction, a frame-adaptive ﬂlterbank that utilizes rough phoneticinformation is proposed. Pseudo-phoneme templates are found using unsupervisedclustering, and frame labeling is performed via vector quantization, so there is noneed for annotated training data. For speaker modeling, experimental compari-iii
Timing optimization by gate resizing and critical path identification (1995)

Due to the rapid progress in VLSI technology, the overall complexity of the chip has increased dramatically. There is a simultaneous need for more functions and higher speed in modern VLSI engineering. Therefore, use of a minimum amount of extra hardware to meet timing requirements is becoming a major issue in VLSI design. Here, we propose an efficient method for timing optimization using gate resizing. To control the hardware overhead, a minimum (or as small as possible) number of gates are selected for resizing with the aid of a powerful benefit function. To guarantee the performance of timing optimization, a modified version of PODEM, called /spl tau/PODEM, ensures that each resized gate is located on at least one critical path. Thus, resizing a gate definitively reduces circuit delay. Simulation results demonstrate that our timing optimization method can efficiently reduce circuit delay with a limited amount of gate resizing.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Purification and Characterization of a Proline‐Rich Antibacterial Peptide, with Sequence Similarity to Bactenecin‐7, from the Haemocytes of the Shore Crab, <i>Carcinus Maenas</i> (1996)

Antibacterial peptides are important for non-specific host defence in many animals. They have been extensively characterized from mammals, amphibians, insects and chelicerates but have not so far been found in crustaceans. Here we report the presence of several constitutive antibacterial proteins, active against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, in the haemocytes of the shore crab, Carcinus maenas. These proteins have molecular masses of > 70 kDa, approximately 45 kDa, approximately 14 kDa and 6.5 kDa. The 6.5 kDa peptide has been purified to homogeneity by Sep Pak C18 extraction, gel filtration and reverse-phase HPLC. Partial N-terminal sequence analysis further shows that it is proline rich and shares more than 60% identity in a 28-amino-acid overlap with the mature form of bactenecin 7, an antimicrobial peptide from bovine neutrophils which belongs to the cathelicidin family of mammalian peptide antibiotics.
The Effect of Triple Capping Layer (Ti∕Ni∕TiN) on the Electrical and Structural Properties of Nickel Monosilicide (2005)

The effects of a triple capping layer on the electrical and structural properties of nickel monosilicide (NiSi) have been investigated as a function of rapid thermal annealing temperature. It is shown that the samples with the triple capping layer produce lower sheet resistances than the samples with double or single (TiN) capping layers across the whole annealing temperature range. Scanning transmission electron microscopy results show that, after annealing, interfacial layers consisting of Ni, Ti, and Si elements are formed in the samples with the triple and double capping layers. It is further shown that the triple-capped samples are more thermally stable than the double- and single-capped samples. This could be attributed to the segregation of Ti atoms in grain boundaries of NiSi film, which reduces grain boundary energy. The simple model is presented to explain the influence of Ti reaction flux on the surface morphology and the interface uniformity between the silicide and Si substrate.