gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and crystal structure of an optically active, internally coordinated alkylchloroborane. The boron-centered anomeric effect (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTADDITION / CORRECTIONThis article has been corrected. View the notice.Synthesis and crystal structure of an optically active, internally coordinated alkylchloroborane. The boron-centered anomeric effectChristopher S. Shiner, Charles M. Garner, and R. Curtis HaltiwangerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1985, 107, 24, 7167–7172Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00310a067https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00310a067research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views532Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
WISDOM : an UHF GPR on the Exomars Mission (2006)

International audience
Demyelinating neuropathy due to primary IgM kappa B cell lymphoma of peripheral nerve (1987)

A 53-year-old man presented with a painful, demyelinating sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy with lymphomatous infiltration on sural nerve biopsy, but no evidence of systemic lymphoma. The neuropathy responded to cytotoxic therapy. Seven years later he developed generalized lymphadenopathy due to B cell lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma, with a subpopulation of cells expressing a monoclonal pattern of IgM kappa. The lymphomatous infiltrate in the original nerve biopsy showed similar monoclonal IgM kappa reactivity. The mechanism of demyelination of the peripheral nerves may be similar to that described in patients with IgM kappa monoclonal gammopathies.
Addition of a Silyl Ketene Acetal to α,β-Unsaturated Cyclic Anhydrides (2010)

Addition of [1-methoxy-2 methyl-1-propenyl)-oxy] trimethylsilane (MTS) to unsymmetrical α,β-unsaturated cyclic anhydrides (namely, itaconic anhydride and citraconic anhydride) as well as symmetrical anhydrides (namely, maleic anhydride and 2,3-dimethylmaleic anhydride) was investigated. Itaconic anhydride isomerizes to citraconic anhydride in the presence of MTS. In the presence of Lewis acid catalysts (Yb(OTf)3/CH2Cl2), MTS adds to itaconic anhydride at room temperature in a 1,4-fashion. 1,2-Addition is the preferred pathway with both 2,3-dimethyl maleic anhydride and citraconic anhydride.
ANDROGENIC CAPACITY OF THE FOLLICLE-DEPLETED OVARY IN VCD-TREATED MICE (2007)

One unresolved question related to residual ovarian tissue in postmenopausal women is whether it retains steroidogenic capacity and produces androgens. Moreover, contributions of this tissue to the physiology of post-menopausal women have not been determined. An ovary-intact mouse model of natural menopause has been developed using the chemical 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD). Daily dosing of mice and rats with VCD selectively destroys ovarian primordial and primary follicles by accelerating the normal process of atresia. When given at a high dose, VCD causes early ovarian failure in mice. Because remaining larger follicles are not directly affected, the animal ovulates normally, progresses gradually into ovarian failure and retains residual ovarian tissue. Thus, the VCD-treated mouse is a relevant model for studying the follicle-depleted ovary and its potential impact on post-menopausal women's health. The purpose of this study was to characterize the capacity of residual ovarian tissue in the VCD-treated follicle-depleted mouse. Female B6C3F1 mice (28-days old) were dosed daily with either VCD or sesame oil (vehicle control) for 20 days. Vaginal cytology was performed daily to monitor estrous cyclicity of each animal and assign ovarian failure in the treatment group. Ovaries were collected on d120 or d181 after the onset of dosing. Expression of mRNA encoding low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), cholesterol side chain cleavage enzyme (Cyp11a) and 17alpha-hydroxylase (Cyp17) was determined by real-time PCR. Expression of oocyte-specific genes Zygote arrest 1 (Zar1) and Zona pellucida glycoprotein 3 (Zp3) was used as a negative control for follicledepleted ovaries. Relative to cycling controls, residual ovarian tissue in VCD-treated animals was highly enriched (ratio VCD-treated/cycling controls, P<0.05) in mRNA encoding LDLR (d120, 1.83 ± 0.03; d181 5.31 ± 0.11), Cyp11a (d120, 1.55 ± 0.29; d181, 2.48 ± 0.25) and Cyp17 (d120, 114.63 ± 0.30; d181, 147.71 ± 0.14). Conversely, mRNAs encoding the oocyte-specific genes Zar1 and Zp3 were undetectable in all follicledepleted ovaries. Circulating levels of androstenedione were measured at selected time points during the period following the onset of dosing. On most of the time points measured there was no difference (P>0.05) in circulating androstenedione between groups (range 0.15-1.16ng/ml). At the d120 time point circulating androstenedione levels were lower (P<0.05) in VCD-treated animals (0.30 ± 0.13 ng/ml); whereas, on d181 there was no difference (control, 0.15 ± 0.048; VCD, 0.32 ± 0.10 ng/ml). These data support that residual ovarian tissue in the follicle-depleted mouse retains the capacity to synthesize and secrete androgenic steroids. Further, this study demonstrates that the VCD-treated mouse model of menopause may be relevant for understanding physiological contributions of the ovary in post-menopausal women. (AG021948) (poster)
Rheological and other physical characteristics of polysaccharides from two black yeast-like fungi (1978)

Two black yeast polysaccharides show similar non-Newtonian behavior when the effects of polysaccharide concentration, shear rate, pH, salt, and temperature on the viscosity of dispersions are examined. Both polysaccharides readily form viscous aqueous dispersions and can be cast into flexible films, and both stabilize oil–water emulsions. Each of these two polysaccharides occurs extracellularly in the culture fluids of two different black yeast-like fungi—Rhinocladiella elatior Mangenot (strain NRRL YB-4163) and Rhinocladiella mansonii (Castellani) Schol-Schwarz (strain NRRL Y-6272). This report appears to be the first on the rheology of an extracellular polysaccharide which contains the unusual sugar N-acetyl-D-glucosaminuronic acid.
Experimental Inclusion Conjunctivitis in Man (1967)

Volunteers infected with inclusion conjunctivitis agent regularly developed keratitis in addition to acute follicular conjunctivitis. The corneal signs included epithelial keratitis, marginal and central subepithelial infiltrates, and focal neovascularization at the limbus. In reinfected volunteers, keratitis was no more frequent but appeared sooner than in initial infections. In three instances, anterior uveitis appeared during the course of experimental infections. In two volunteers this occurred in conjunction with the reactivations of conjunctival disease. Although there is considerable overlapping of the clinical signs of classic trachoma and inclusion conjunctivitis in adults, the two diseases should still be regarded as distinct clinical entities.
Aneuploidy and Apomixis in Bothriochloa and Dichanthium (1963)

1. Hybrids were produced among facultative apomictic biotypes within Bothriochloa intermedia, B. grahamii, and Dichanthium annulatum. 2. Assumed natural hybrids were euploid and facultative apomicts. 3. Artificially produced F1 and F2 hybrids were either euploid or aneuploid, and some reproduced strictly by sexual means. 4. Sexually reproducing plants usually gave rise to F2 progenies characterized by a high degree of aneuploidy. 5. The absence of truly sexual races in nature was explained on the basis that the over-all apomictic mode of reproduction is inherited as a dominant character over sexuality. 6. The absence of aneuploidy among natural populations suggested that euploids must have a selective advantage over aneuploids.
Struktur der Drebyssobiose, Lilacinobiose und Viminose: Desoxyzucker, 45. Mitteilung (1968)

Abstract The structures of the following three disaccharides, isolated from Asclepiadaceae, have been elucidated: Drebyssobiose (1) = 4–0‐(3–0‐methyl‐6‐deoxy‐β‐d‐allopyranosyl)‐d‐digitoxose, lilacinobiose (7) = 4‐O‐(3‐O‐methyl‐6‐deoxy‐β‐d‐glucopyranosyl)‐d‐cymarose, and viminose (13) = 4‐O‐(3‐O‐methyl‐6‐deoxy‐β‐d‐glucopyranosyl)‐d‐digitoxose.
An argument in favor of the presumed commit protocol (2002)

The authors argue in favor of the presumed commit protocol by proposing two new presumed commit variants that significantly reduce the cost of logging activities associated with the original presumed commit protocol. Furthermore, for read-only transactions, they apply their unsolicited update-vote optimization and show that the cost associated with this type of transactions is the same in both presumed commit and presumed abort protocols, thus, nullifying the basis for the argument that favors the presumed abort protocol. This is especially important for modern distributed environments which are characterized by high reliability and high probability of transactions being committed rather than aborted.
ChemInform Abstract: A FACILE SYNTHESIS OF SUBSTITUTED N‐HYDROXY‐2‐AZETIDINONES. A BIOGENETIC TYPE β‐LACTAM SYNTHESIS (1979)

Abstract Durch Synthese der Azetidinone (III) und (VI) aus den Chlorpropionsäure‐Derivaten (I) bzw. (IV) über deren Amide (II) bzw. (V) wird Versucht, die Biosynthese von β‐Lactamen zu simulieren.
[The dynamics of blood composition changes in leukocyte filtration during cardiopulmonary bypass. Preliminary results]. (1993)

Activation of leukocytes (especially neutrophils) during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) causes a reperfusion injury through the release of oxygen free radicals and formation of microvascular occlusions. Leukocyte filtration during CPB could solve these drawbacks. We investigated the selectivity of leukocyte filtration by fifteen patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery. Leukocyte depleted patients (n = 8) had a leukocyte filter incorporated in the bypass circuit. We evaluated the number of lymphocytes, neutrophils and platelets as well as hematocrit values at following time points: a) before CPB, b) 15 min after the start of CPB, c) before the administration of protamin and d) 3 hours after the CPB. No statistically significant changes of hematocrit values, lymphocyte or platelet counts between control and leukocyte depleted group of patients were observed. However, the use of leukocyte filter caused significant decrease in number of circulating neutrophils at 15 min after begin of CPB (1.20 +/- 0.17 x 10(9)/l for leukocyte depleted patients and 1.90 +/- 0.42 x 10(9)/l for control group of patients, p < 0.05). Our temporary results indicate the selectivity of leukocyte filtration during the cardiopulmonary bypass.
The discharge behavior of a LiAl/NaAlCl4/CuCl2 pelletized thermal cell (1977)

Pelletized thermal battery single cell experiments on the lithium-aluminum alloy/sodium tetrachloroaluminate/copper (II) chloride electrochemical system are described. The effects of copper (II) chloride particle size, brand of graphite in the cathode, variation of the Li content of the alloy anodes, current density, and discharge temperature under constant current discharge conditions are discussed. A mechanism for the reaction of LiAl alloys in the NaAlCl4 electrolyte is proposed.
Structural lung disease, pulmonary infection and inflammation in infancy is associated with reduced spirometry at school-age in children with cystic fibrosis (CF) (2013)

Introduction: Pulmonary inflammation, infection and structural lung disease occur early in life in children with CF leading to lung function decline. We aimed to determine if these markers of CF lung disease in infancy altered spirometry outcomes at school-age. Methods: Infants (0-2 years) with CF diagnosed following newborn screening had annual bronchoalveolar lavage fluid collected to assess infection and inflammation and computed tomography (CT) scans to assess structural lung disease. Ninety-four children were followed up with lung function (FEV0.5) at 6-8 years of age and 59 children had lung function measured at both infancy and school-age. Results: Children with CF who were pancreatic insufficient had 9.6% (n=80) lower FEV0.5 compared with sufficient children (n=14; p = 0.03). The presence of air trapping on CT in infancy was associated with 14.5% lower FEV0.5 at school-age (p = 0.03). In children with longitudinal measurements of lung function infection with P. aeruginosa or H. influenzae in infancy was associated with a lower FEV0.5 (15.8% and 18.2%; respectively) compared with never infected (p = 0.04). The presence of free neutrophil elastase (NE) during infancy (n=23) was associated with a 13.5% reduction in FEV0.5 compared with CF children without NE (n=36; p = 0.01). Conclusions: In children with CF the presence of air trapping on CT, lower airway infection and free NE during infancy was associated with clinically-significant reductions in lung function in the early school years, highlighting the need for targeted interventions during infancy.
Virus-liver cell interactions in duck hepatitis B virus infection (1988)

Abstract Thirty-five 1-day-old Pekin-Aylesbury ducks were inoculated intravenously or intraperitoneally with duck hepatitis B virus, and the time-course of infection was examined by Southern-blot, dot-blot, and in situ hybridization and by immunohistochemistry. Randomly scattered single infected hepatocytes were first seen on days 1 and 2 after inoculation and by day 3 occurred as single cells, pairs, and groups of 5–10 adjoining cells. From day 4 after inoculation all hepatocytes were positive for duck hepatitis B surface antigen and deoxyribonucleic acid. Duck hepatitis B virus deoxyribonucleic acid levels in liver extracts and serum increased logarithmically from days 2 to 3 to a plateau by days 4 to 5 after inoculation. Infected and control birds showed no significant differences during the first 7 days in terms of liver histology, hepatocyte morphology, or mitotic activity. It was concluded that (a) virus gains access to randomly distributed hepatocytes without first replicating in other cell types, and then begins disseminating to adjacent cells following anatomic boundaries; (b) markers of infection in liver and serum show reproducible kinetics, thus making this in vivo system amenable to further quantitative study; and (c) hepatocytes in this system are highly permissive to virus replication without the development of significant cytopathology.
A Novel Series of 2-Carboxytetrahydroquinolines Provides New Insights into the Eastern Region of Glycine Site NMDA Antagonists (2000)

A series of potent 4-substituted tetrahydroquinolines has been synthesized and biologically tested in order to refine the eastern region of the pharmacophore model for glycine site NMDA antagonists concerning the assessment of lipophilicity, flexibility, and hydrogen bonding. Displacement studies on rat cortical membranes using [3H]-5,7-dichlorokynurenic acid as a radioligand indicated that binding affinities are markedly enhanced when additional hydrogen-accepting groups are introduced into the eastern region of the 2-carboxytetrahydroquinolines. Among the most potent ligands were some urea, sulfonylurea, and crown ether compounds as interesting leads for new diagnostics, especially for the evaluation of PET tracers, which allow biodistribution studies and NMDA receptor studies in the living organism.
Vicarious Radiometric Calibration of MOMS at La Crau test site and intercalibration with SPOT (1999)

The homogeneous test site of La Crau (South of France) was used for radiometric calibration of the MOMS-2P-camera onboard the Russian MIR-Station and of the HRV cameras on the SPOT satellites. The test site has an extention of approx. 400 m x 400 m and is composed of bare soil and pebbles. For the spectral characterisation of the test site reflectance measurements with field spectrometers as well as multispectral images with airborne instruments from low flight altitude were obtained. To determine atmospheric optical parameters the ground irradiance of the sun was measured during the time the space cameras passed over the test site. With the measured reflectances and atmospheric parameters the 6S-radiation transfer model was used to calcurate the spectral radiance reaching the space cameras. The paper describes the measuring techniques and discusses preliminary calibration results.
Hocheffiziente Katalysatorsysteme auf Rutheniumbasis für die kontrollierte radikalische Polymerisation von Vinylmonomeren (1999)

Eine bemerkenswerte Parallelität wurde zwischen den katalytischen Aktivitäten von Rutheniumkomplexen wie 1 und 2 (dem Grubbs-Ruthenium-Carbenkomplex) bei der Olefinmetathese und bei der radikalischen Polymerisation unter Atomtransfer (ATRP) gefunden. Diese Verbindungen katalysieren die kontrollierte ATRP-Reaktion von Vinylmonomeren mit außergewöhnlich hoher Effizienz und ohne Aktivierung durch Cokatalysatoren.
Integrated text and image understanding for document understanding (1994)

Because of the complexity of documents and the variety of applications which must be supported, document understanding requires the integration of image understanding with text understanding. Our document understanding technology is implemented in a system called IDUS (Intelligent Document Understanding System), which creates the data for a text retrieval application and the automatic generation of hypertext links. This paper summarizes the areas of research during IDUS development where we have found the most benefit from the integration of image and text understanding.
A comparative analysis of the active site properties of the resting states of cytochrome c peroxidase, metmyoglobin, and catalase (1989)

Abstract Quantum chemical studies ( INDO ‐ RHF ‐ SCF ) have been made for the resting state active sites of three closely related heme proteins, cytochrome c peroxidase ( CCP ), metmyoglobin ( MMB ), and catalase ( CAT ). The relative energies of the germane sextet, quartet, and doublet spin‐states of each active site were calculated. Both CCP and MMB have similar heme units, consisting of an Fe(III)‐protoporphyrin‐IX with an imidazole and water as axial ligands. Our calculations show that the larger doming of the porphyrin, greater out‐of‐planarity of the iron, and the shorter iron‐water distance in MMB leads to a sextet ground state with a low‐lying quartet state. By contrast, the order of these two states is reversed in CCP , when a neutral imidazole is used as the endogenous axial ligand. An imidazolate ligand, on the other hand, which is an extreme representation of the H‐bonding believed to occur in CCP with a nearby aspartate residue, leads to a sextet ground state with a low‐lying quartet state. Assuming at least a partially anionic ligand in the intact protein, it follows that the quartet contribution to the ground state properties will be larger in CCP than in MMB . These predictions are consistent with the observed differences in the temperature‐dependent magnetic susceptibility for these two proteins. The present results suggest that the experimentally observed Mössbauer resonance spectra of CCP should be reinterpreted in terms of sextet and quartet state contributions to the electric field gradient. Calculations for catalase, which has a single phenolate ligand, result in a sextet ground state with a low‐lying quartet state consistent with available Mössbauer and magnetic susceptibility data. Our calculations of the Im − form of CCP show that it more closely resembles CAT . Thus, the effect of proton transfer in CCP can account at least in part for the similarities between CCP and CAT function. Minor differences in ground spin‐state and electronic properties calculated for CCP and MMB , however, cannot explain why MMB does not have significant peroxidase activity. The different functions of MMB and CCP must then be due in part to other known differences in their protein environment such as polar residues around the distal ligand binding pocket of CCP , which are absent in MMB , and could help its transformation to an active oxidizing state.
Response to dehydration and irrigation in invasive and native saplings: osmotic adjustment versus leaf shedding (2010)

To clarify the mechanism underlying successful invasion by tree species into xeric sites on Japan's Bonin Islands, we compared the water use of an alien species, Psidium cattleianum, which is rapidly expanding on ridge sites with shallow soil, with that of a native species, Trema orientalis. We hypothesized that there is a trade-off between leaf shedding with low cavitation resistance (frequent xylem cavitation plus refilling ability) and leaf osmotic adjustment with high cavitation resistance (cessation of xylem cavitation plus canopy leaf retention), indicating contrasting strategies for drought tolerance and water use in semi-arid regions. We examined leaf turnover, leaf gas exchange, leaf water potential and water distribution in stem xylem conduits using cryo-scanning electron microscopy for the saplings of both species under three cycles of artificial drought and sudden pulse irrigation. Invasive P. cattleianum saplings were highly resistant to cavitation in stem xylem conduits, retained their leaves and exhibited effective leaf osmotic adjustment under the drought treatment. In contrast, native T. orientalis saplings exhibited xylem cavitation, conspicuous leaf shedding and less effective leaf osmotic adjustment under the drought treatment. Leaf gas exchange rate recovered more rapidly in P. cattleianum saplings than in T. orientalis saplings immediately following pulse irrigation after a period without irrigation, especially in the first drought cycle. Embolized conduits in T. orientalis were refilled by pulse irrigation, and leaf gas exchange rate recovered following refilling. The two tree species showed contrasting strategies for drought tolerance and water use along a trade-off axis. Cavitation avoidance and effective leaf osmotic adjustment in P. cattleianum saplings under drought conditions partially support their survival at the xeric ridge sites on the Bonin Islands. Our results help to explain the success of P. cattleianum in its invasion of a sub-arid environment.