gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low cycle fatigue behavior of polycrystalline NiAl at 300 and 1000 K (1993)

The low cycle fatigue behavior of polycrystalline NiAl was determined at 300 and 1000 K - temperatures below and above the brittle- to-ductile transition temperature (BDTT). Fully reversed, plastic strain-controlled fatigue tests were conducted on two differently fabricated alloy samples: hot isostatically pressed (HIP'ed) prealloyed powder and hot extruded castings. HIP'ed powder (HP) samples were tested only at 1000 K, whereas the more ductile cast-and-extruded (C+E) NiAl samples were tested at both 1000 and 300 K. Plastic strain ranges of 0.06 to 0.2 percent were used. The C+E NiAl cyclically hardened until fracture, reaching stress levels approximately 60 percent greater than the ultimate tensile strength of the alloy. Compared on a strain basis, NiAl had a much longer fatigue life than other B2 ordered compounds in which fracture initiated at processing-related defects. These defects controlled fatigue life at 300 K, with fracture occurring rapidly once a critical stress level was reached. At 1000 K, above the BDTT, both the C+E and HP samples cyclically softened during most of the fatigue tests in air and were insensitive to processing defects. The processing method did not have a major effect on fatigue life; the lives of the HP samples were about a factor of three shorter than the C+E NiAl, but this was attributed to the lower stress response of the C+E material. The C+E NiAl underwent dynamic grain growth, whereas the HP material maintained a constant grain size during testing. In both materials, fatigue life was controlled by intergranular cavitation and creep processes, which led to fatigue crack growth that was primarily intergranular in nature. Final fracture by overload was transgranular in nature. Also, HP samples tested in vacuum had a life three times longer than their counterparts tested in air and, in contrast to those tested in air, hardened continuously over half of the sample life, thereby indicating an environmentally assisted fatigue damage mechanism. The C+E samples were tested only in air. At 1000 K, NiAl exhibited a superior fatigue life when compared to most superalloys on a plastic strain basis, but was inferior to most superalloys on a stress basis.
Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on 25(OH)D Status in Elite Athletes with Spinal Cord Injury (2017)

Recent studies suggests that a substantial proportion of elite athletes with SCI (spinal cord injury) have insufficient 25(OH)D status which may be associated with decreased muscle strength. PURPOSE: This study: 1) examined the effects of a 16-wk Vitamin D supplementation protocol on 25(OH)D concentration and 2) determined whether subsequent 25(OH)D status impacts muscle function/performance in elite athletes with SCI. METHODS:Thirty-four members of the US Olympic Committee Paralympic program, and the Canadian Wheelchair Sports Association from outdoor and indoor sports participated. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations, lifestyle and dietary factors were assessed during the Winter and Spring. Participants were assigned to a 16-week sliding scale vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) (KleanAthlete Brand) supplementation protocol based on initial 25(OH)D levels. Participants with deficient 25(OH)D (<20ng/mL-1) status received 50,000 IU/wk for 8 wks, and participants with insufficient status (20-30 ng/mL-1) received 35,000 IU/week for 4 weeks followed by a maintenance dosage of 15,000 IU/wk. Participants with sufficient status (>30ng/mL-1) received the maintenance dosage of 15,000 IU/wk. Performance measurements were assessed using a 20 meter wheelchair sprint, and handgrip strength. A paired t-test was used to assess differences in 25(OH)D status and performance before and after supplementation, respectively. RESULTS: 25 (OH) D concentrations increased significantly after supplementation (P<.001; 26.5 + 9.7 ng/mL-1; 44.5 + ng/mL-1; mean + SD) for Winter and Spring, respectively. 26% of athletes had sufficient 25(OH)D concentrations prior to supplementation, and 94% had sufficient concentrations post supplementation. 60% of participants improved handgrip strength post supplementation. However, no change in wheelchair sprint performance time was observed. CONCLUSION: The 16-week sliding supplementation protocol used in the current study is effective for achieving sufficient vitamin D concentrations during the winter months in elite athletes with SCI. Furthermore, handgrip strength improved in 60% of participants post supplementation.
Human Electroretinogram Responses to Video Displays, Fluorescent Lighting, and Other High Frequency Sources (1991)

Time-averaged human electroretinogram (ERG) responses were determined for several workplace visual stimuli which are temporally modulated at rates exceeding the perceptual critical fusion frequency (CFF). A clearly identifiable synchronous response was in evidence for a video display terminal (VDT) stimulus operating with a refresh rate as high as 76 Hz. A directly viewed fluorescent luminaire with controllable driving frequency elicited a synchronous response at rates as high as 145 Hz. In addition, an intense stimulus created by modulating the light from a slide projector produced responses at least as high as 162 Hz. The implications of these high-frequency responses are representing a potential basis for visual symptoms are discussed.
A phase II study of preoperative chemotherapy with irinotecan(CPT) and cisplatin(CIS) for gastric cancer(NCI 5917): FDG-PET/CT predicts patient outcome (2007)

4502 Introduction: Preoperative chemotherapy is a standard option for the treatment of locally advanced gastric cancer(GC). FDG-PET scans have been examined to identify early treatment response in esophagus and GEJ adenocarcinoma. We evaluated the utility of an early change in FDG-PET/CT at several time points in predicting response to preoperative chemotherapy in gastric cancer. Methods: 42 pts with locally advanced GC(preoperative stage T2N+M0 or T3–4NanyM0) were treated with CPT 65 mg/m 2 and CIS 30mg/m 2 on day(d)1 and d8, every 21 days for 4 cycles. FDG-PET/CT scans were performed at baseline, and in FDG avid patients, again on d15 and d35. The primary objective was to demonstrate that a decrease in FDG-SUV discriminates treatment response. Response was defined pathologically based on microscopic inspection for residual cancer cells and fibrosis(Mandard, Cancer 1994). Disease free survival(DFS) and overall survival(OS) were secondary endpoints. Results: Pt characteristics are as follows: median age 59(35–77), KPS 90%(70–100%), 27 male, gastric:GEJ 31:11. Median follow up is 23.3 months, with median DFS 23.8 months(95%CI 14-infinity) and median OS 39.1 months(95%CI 31–39months). Surgical resection occurred at a median of 101 days from study initiation. Pathologic response correlates significantly with DFS(p=0.005) and with OS(p=0.01). Amongst 31 FDG avid pts, a drop in SUV from baseline to d35 significantly predicts pathologic response(p=0.007) and DFS(p=0.01), whereas the change at d15 does not. 45% decrease in SUV at d35 best distinguishes good from poor pathologic response. With this cutoff, median DFS has not been reached(eg.>23.3 months) for patients with good PET response, and is 14.4 months(95%CI 8.3-infinity) for poor PET responders, p=0.03. Conclusions: Following preoperative chemotherapy, pathologic response at the time of resection significantly correlates with DFS and OS. We confirm that FDG-PET/CT response predicts both pathologic response and DFS following preoperative chemotherapy for locally advanced GC, although at d35. An early PET response assessment provides an opportunity to change therapy in non responding patients, and is currently under investigation(supported by ASCO CDA). No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Using model-driven bundle-adjustment to model heads from raw video sequences (1999)

We show that we can effectively and automatically fit a complex facial animation model to uncalibrated image sequences. Our approach is based on model-driven bundle adjustment followed by least squares fitting. It takes advantage of three complementary sources of information: stereo data, silhouette edges and 2D feature points. In this way, complete head models can be acquired with a cheap and entirely passive sensor such as an ordinary video camera. They can then be fed to existing animation software to produce synthetic sequences.
Observations and Conjectures on the Kirkmadrine Epigraphs (1898)

The Proceedings of learned Societies have often, with much advantage to further research, recorded the results of inquiries which are yet in hut a very imperfect condition. On the obscure and difficult questions often raised by archaeological studies, even conjectures that have little positive evidence in their support may he ventilated with no discredit. In the pages of Proceedings, such as those of this Society, facts and speculations are brought under the notice of investigators in the same or similar fields of research. And eventually corrections come to he made, deficiencies supplied, over-statements toned down and modified, what is worthless in the guess-work dismissed, while what is solid remains. It is with a sense that some such explanation is needed by way of apology that the following notes are submitted for consideration and criticism.
Specific Ocular Uveal Lesions in Patients With Evidence of Histoplasmosis (1964)

Information about the causes of endogenous uveal tract infection has been derived from a variety of sources. Microscopic examination and/or culture of infected uveal tissue obtained from enucleated eyes has revealed that potentially pathogenic organisms may be demonstrated in the lesions. The following have been so demonstrated, each in at least one case in which it was presumed to be the cause of the uveitis. Bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis<sup>1</sup> Mycobacterium leprae<sup>2</sup> Treponema pallidum<sup>3</sup> Actinomyces<sup>4</sup> Protozoans Toxoplasma gondi<sup>5-8</sup> Fungi Aspergillus<sup>9</sup> Blastomyces<sup>10</sup> Coccidioides immitis<sup>11</sup> Cryptococcus<sup>12</sup> Mucor<sup>13</sup> Helminths Nematodes Filaria<sup>16</sup> Onchocerca<sup>14</sup> Toxocara larvae<sup>15</sup> Cestodes Cysticercus<sup>12,16</sup> Echinococcus<sup>16</sup> Viruses Cytomegalic inclusion disease<sup>17</sup> Insects Fly larvae<sup>16</sup> In rare instances, pathogenic organisms have been isolated from fluid aspirated from the infected eye.<i>Leptospira</i>,<sup>18</sup><i>Toxoplasma</i>,<sup>20</sup>herpes simplex virus,<sup>21</sup>and cytomegalic inclusion virus<sup>19</sup>have been cultured from anterior chamber fluid, and<i>Toxoplasma</i>from subretinal fluid<sup>20</sup>obtained from patients with uveitis. The frequent occurrence of
TSPO is a REDOX regulator of cell mitophagy (2015)

The mitochondrial 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO) was originally discovered as a peripheral binding site of benzodiazepines to be later described as a core element of cholesterol trafficking between cytosol and mitochondria from which the current nomenclature originated. The high affinity it exhibits with chemicals (i.e. PK11195) has generated interest in the development of mitochondrial based TSPO-binding drugs for in vitro and in vivo analysis. Increased TSPO expression is observed in numerous pathologies such as cancer and inflammatory conditions of the central nervous system (CNS) that have been successfully exploited via protocols of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. We endeavoured to dissect the molecular role of TSPO in mitochondrial cell biology and discovered a functional link with quality control mechanisms operated by selective autophagy. This review focuses on the current understanding of this pathway and focuses on the interplay with reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), to which TSPO binds, in the regulation of cell mitophagy and hence homoeostasis of the mitochondrial network as a whole.
Recalibration of temperature and conductivity sensors affixed on Argo floats (2007)

Temperature and conductivity sensors manufactured by Sea Bird Electronics, Inc. (SBE) are affixed to APEX-type Argo floats manufactured by Webb Research Co. Before shipping to users, calibration of the sensors is carefully carried out at SBE. However, the sensors are recalibrated at Japan Marine-Earth Science and Technology Agency (JAMSTEC) to reconfirm sensor accuracy considering a long transportation from SBE and quite a long storage time at JAMSTCE before deployment. In this paper, we describe and analyze these recalibration results. We used the same calibration technique as used by SBE, comparing outputs of temperature and conductivity sensors with those of highly quality-controlled standard temperature and conductivity sensors. We set thresholds of good or bad temperature and conductivity (salinity) sensors to be ± 0.0050 ℃ and ± 0.010 psu, respectively. The thresholds are selected to meet the target of the Argo project. Between 2001 and 2005, 228 sensors which are about 60 % of all were recalibrated at JAMSTEC. All the temperature sensors fall within the threshold. Of the conductivity sensors, 175 (77%) passed at the first measurement of recalibration series, while 30 (13%) passed after two or more measurements. The latter sensors were carefully cleaned to remove contaminations by dust or chemical pollutants. However, nine sensors (4%) did not pass recalibration test and were returned to SBE for further checking and repairs.
Clinical Relevance of Multidrug Resistance Gene Expression in Ovarian Serous Carcinoma Effusions (2011)

The presence of tumor cells in effusions within serosal cavities is a clinical manifestation of advanced-stage cancer and is generally associated with poor survival. Identifying molecular targets may help to design efficient treatments to eradicate these aggressive cancer cells and improve patient survival. Using a state-of-the-art TaqMan-based qRT-PCR assay, we investigated the multidrug resistance (MDR) transcriptome of 32 unpaired ovarian serous carcinoma effusion samples obtained at diagnosis or at disease recurrence following chemotherapy. MDR genes were selected a priori based on an extensive curation of the literature published during the last three decades. We found three gene signatures with a statistically significant correlation with overall survival (OS), response to treatment [complete response (CR) vs other], and progression free survival (PFS). The median log-rank p-values for the signatures were 0.023, 0.034, and 0.008, respectively. No correlation was found with residual tumor status after cytoreductive surgery, treatment (with or without chemotherapy) and stage defined according to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Further analyses demonstrated that gene expression alone can effectively predict the survival outcome of women with ovarian serous carcinoma (OS, log-rank p = 0.0000; and PFS, log-rank p = 0.002). Interestingly, the signature for overall survival is the same in patients at first presentation and those who had chemotherapy and relapsed. This pilot study highlights two new gene signatures that may help in optimizing the treatment for ovarian carcinoma patients with effusions.
Biodehalogenation: Natural and engineered systems (1995)

Many halogenated organic compounds are environmentally persistent pollutants. Environmental persistence results from the failure of most microorganisms to metabolize organohalides. The authors are studying some of the microbial successes, natural isolates that catalyze carbon-halogen bond cleavage reactions, and subsequent recycling of the compounds into the carbon cycle. Knowledge derived from studies of naturally evolved genes and enzymes provides a basis for directed laboratory evolution of new biological systems that are active with the most environmentally persistent polyhalogenated compounds. The complete metabolism of polyhalogenated compounds typically requires sequential reductive and oxidative dehalogenation reactions. The authors genetically constructed a Pseudomonas putida strain containing seven genes encoding two multicomponent enzyme systems, i.e., cytochrome P450{sub CAM} and toluene dioxygenase. This laboratory-designed metabolic pathway catalyzed sequential reductive and oxidative dehalogenation reactions with fluorinated, chlorinated, and brominated compounds. Current efforts are focused on directed evolution experiments to improve the efficacy of the engineered pathway.
Potential conjunctive water resources use plan for the Grand Prairie region of Eastern Arkansas (1985)

The main objective of this study is to develop two conjunctive water use strategies that can satisfy maximum potential irrigation water demand in the Grand Prairie region of Arkansas. for climatically average growing seasons. To accomplish this. the potential irrigation demand in each 3 mile x 3 mile cell of the study area is first determined on a monthly and seasonal basis for average climatic conditions. The potential demand is also calculated for dry climatic conditions. although these latter demand figures are not used in developing the potential conjunctive water use strategies.
Preparation and characterization of oxalate-based /sup 237/NpO/sub 2/ powder (1977)

/sup 238/Pu, a radioisotope heat source, is produced by irradiating reactor targets containing /sup 237/NpO/sub 2/. The neptunium oxide is obtained by precipitating and calcining /sup 237/Np(IV) oxalate. The effects of oxalate precipitation conditions (temperature, reagent concentrations, valence of neptunium ion and the rate and sequence of reagent addition) on particle morphology and size distribution of /sup 237/NpO/sub 2/ powder were established to provide process controls for making reactor targets. NpO/sub 2/ powders were produced with a median particle size between 10 and 20 ..mu..m and with different morphologies; i.e., rosettes and square plates of varying degrees of agglomeration.
Thermal Degradation and Electrical Properties of Random and Block Piperazine Copolyamides (1967)

Abstract The thermal degradation of random and block copolymers of terephthaloyl trans-2,5-dimethylpiperazine/isophthaloyl trans-2,5-dimethylpiperazine were investigated in terms of rates, activation energies, degradation products, and electrical properties. The rates of degradation and the nature of the volatile degradation products indicate that both random and block copolymers follow a nearly random free-radical type of cleavage in vacuum with activation energies between 59 and 61 kcal/mole. In the temperature range 390=440°C, the block copolymers are significantly more stable in a vacuum (the rates of degradation are two to four times slower) than the random copolymers. In contrast to the random copolymers, the block copolymers showed only slight frequency dependence of their dielectric constants and dissipation factors between 0.1 and 100 kcps.
Great opportunity for NGST-NIRSPEC: a high-resolution integral field unit (2003)

We are proposing to implement an integral field unit in NIRSPEC the Near Infra-Red Spectrograph for the NGST. This unique IFU will cover a 2x2 arcsec^2 field of view sampled at 0.05" (or 3"x3" @0.07"). The spectral resolution will go up to 3000. We will present the optical design of this unit and its implementation inside the NIRSPEC instrument. We will also show the results from an analysis of the effects of diffraction and stray-light inside the module, as well as the original method of integration we are using.. This module will be built using the image slicer technology, including 40 slices, each 900μm thick. We are also developing an innovative mechanical structure for this unit including the magnifying optics and the slicer itself, providing a very compact unit. The implementation will have a small impact on the NIRSPEC instrument, with only one to three additional gratings to be implemented in the grating wheel. The limiting magnitude of this mode should reach AB=24-26 for a point source. This unit would provide, for a marginal cost, a unique opportunity to offer a very powerful 3D spectrograph on NGST. The NIRSPEC instrument is under the ESA responsibility, and this work is being conducted in the context of the Astrium-ESA phase A study to which we are participating.
Preliminary<i>in vivo</i>atherosclerotic carotid plaque characterization using the accumulated axial strain and relative lateral shift strain indices (2008)

In this paper, we explore two parameters or strain indices related to plaque deformation during the cardiac cycle, namely, the maximum accumulated axial strain in plaque and the relative lateral shifts between plaque and vessel wall under in vivo clinical ultrasound imaging conditions for possible identification of vulnerable plaque. These strain indices enable differentiation between calcified and lipidic plaque tissue utilizing a new perspective based on the stiffness and mobility of the plaque. In addition, they also provide the ability to distinguish between softer plaques that undergo large deformations during the cardiac cycle when compared to stiffer plaque tissue. Soft plaques that undergo large deformations over the cardiac cycle are more prone to rupture and to release micro-emboli into the cerebral bloodstream. The ability to identify vulnerable plaque, prone to rupture, would significantly enhance the clinical utility of this method for screening patients. We present preliminary in vivo results obtained from ultrasound radio frequency data collected over 16 atherosclerotic plaque patients before these patients undergo a carotid endarterectomy procedure. Our preliminary in vivo results indicate that the maximum accumulated axial strain over a cardiac cycle and the maximum relative lateral shift or displacement of the plaque are useful strain indices that provide differentiation between soft and calcified plaques.
A novel azo-containing dithiocarbamate used for living radical polymerization of methyl acrylate and styrene Part A Polymer chemistry (2008)

A novel azo-containing dithiocarbamate, 1-phenylethyl N,N-(4-phenylazo) phenylphenyldithiocarbamate (PPADC), was successfully synthesized and used to mediate the polymerization of methyl acrylate (MA) and styrene (St). In the presence of PPADC, the reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization was well controlled in the case of MA, however, the slightly ill-controlled in the case of St. Interestingly, the polymerization of St could be well-controlled when using PPADC as the initiator in the presence of CuBr/PMDETA via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) technique. In the cases of RAFT polymerization of MA and ATRP of St, the kinetic plots were both of first-order, and the molecular weight of the polymer increased linearly with the monomer conversion while keeping the relatively narrow molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn). The molecular weight of the polymer measured by gel permeation chromatographer (GPC) was also close to the theoretical value (Mn₍th₎). The obtained polymer was characterized by ¹H-NMR analysis, ultraviolet absorption, FTIR spectra analysis and chain-extension experiments. Furthermore, the photoresponsive behaviors of azobenzene-terminated poly(methyl acrylate) (PMA) and polystyrene (PS) were similar to PPADC.