gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optical properties of pure and transition metal‐doped indium oxide (2009)

Abstract The band structure, the dielectric function, the reflectivity, the refractive index and the oscillator strength sum rule were calculated for pure In 2 O 3 and alloyed In 1.5 T 0.5 O 3 (where T represents Sc, Y, La and Ac) using density functional theory (DFT). The full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP‐LAPW) method was used with the local density approximation (LDA + U ). Calculations of the optical spectra were performed for the energy range 0–30 eV. The calculated results indicate that the upper valance bands of In 2 O 3 show a small dispersion and the value of the band gap increases for Sc and Y dopants and decreases for Ac and La dopants. The calculations indicate that there are two band gaps for In 2 O 3 . The first shows a strong optical absorption, as a direct band gap occurs from a 0.81 eV energy level below the top of valence band. The second shows a much weaker absorption from the top of the valence band to the bottom of the conduction band. The refractive index for In 2 O 3 is 1.69 nm at 800 nm, near the visible region. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Engineering Properties of Polymeric-Based Antimicrobial Films for Food Packaging (2011)

The concept of antimicrobial packaging has received great attention because of its potential to enhance food safety. Several studies have explored its applications and effectiveness to suppress pathogenic microorganisms. However, few studies have analyzed the alterations caused in the engineering properties of food-packaging polymers after the incorporation of antimicrobials. Such information is very important to understand the feasibility of producing antimicrobial packaging films on the industrial scale. This review explores the work done so far to evaluate how the incorporation of antimicrobial substances affects the properties of food-packaging systems. This article also emphasizes diffusion studies on antimicrobial substances through packaging films and the analytical solutions used to characterize this diffusion mechanism. Our review found that although the properties of packaging materials are altered by the addition of antimicrobials such as organic acids, enzymes, and bacteriocins, every packaging material is unique, and these effects cannot be generalized.
Repeated detection of lymphogranuloma venereum caused by Chlamydia trachomatis L2 in homosexual men in Hamburg (2005)

Bacteria of the species Chlamydia trachomatis are divided into serovars that are associated with different disease manifestations. Serovars A-C cause trachoma, which occurs mainly in undeveloped countries. Serovars D-K are responsible for oculogenital infections, and serovars L1, L2, and L3 cause lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV). Infections of serovars A-K are usually confined to the mucosal epithelia of the eyes and the anogenital tract. In contrast, the L-serovars are more invasive and may induce genital ulcer or inguinal lymphadenopathy after passing the epithelial surface.1

While serovars D-K are distributed worldwide and represent the most frequent bacterial sexually transmitted disease in Europe and North America, LGV caused by the L-serovars is a very rare …
Disentangled Representation Learning for 3D Face Shape (2019)

In this paper, we present a novel strategy to design disentangled 3D face shape representation. Specifically, a given 3D face shape is decomposed into identity part and expression part, which are both encoded and decoded in a nonlinear way. To solve this problem, we propose an attribute decomposition framework for 3D face mesh. To better represent face shapes which are usually nonlinear deformed between each other, the face shapes are represented by a vertex based deformation representation rather than Euclidean coordinates. The experimental results demonstrate that our method has better performance than existing methods on decomposing the identity and expression parts. Moreover, more natural expression transfer results can be achieved with our method than existing methods.
Hexaricins, Pradimicin-like Polyketides from a Marine Sediment-Derived <i>Streptosporangium</i> sp. and Their Antioxidant Effects (2018)

Seven pradimicin-like polyketides were isolated from the dichloromethane extract of the marine sediment-derived Streptosporangium sp. CGMCC 4.7309, including five new hexaricins, D-H (1-5), and known hexaricins A (6) and C (7). Their structures were determined by HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR, and other spectroscopic analyses. The absolute configurations of compounds 1-5 were determined on the basis of circular dichroism and specific rotation data. All isolated compounds 1-7 were tested for their antioxidant capacities by DPPH<sup>•</sup> scavenging, <sup>•</sup>OH scavenging, and <sup>•</sup>O<sub>2</sub>̅ scavenging assays. Compounds 3 and 4 displayed stronger antioxidant activities than the positive control ( tert-butylhydroquinone). The relationship between structure and antioxidant activity is discussed. These compounds could be effective natural antioxidants with considerable pharmaceutical value.
Structure and properties of polyethylene–polypropylene blend (1983)

Abstract The structure and mechanical properties of blends of low‐density polyethylene and isotactic polypropylene were studied. The blends behaved like a simple composite obeying the rule of mixture for the modulus dependence on composition. Tensile strength of the LDPE was enhanced with the addition of PP but elongation at break was drastically reduced for all blend compositions. Studies with WAXD, hot‐stage microscope, and DSC indicated lack of interaction between the LDPE and the PP. The crystallographic structure of LDPE and PP remained unchanged. However, the spherulite size of the PP was found to be reduced in the presence of LDPE, possibly due to an increase in nucleation density.
An assay for monitoring response to therapy in cancer patients. (1993)

Immunosuppression is characteristic of patients with advanced malignant neoplasms. However, none of the simple assays for immunocompetence have been found to provide results which correlate with the patients' responses to therapy. The data reported here indicate that this may be because there are artifacts in data from earlier studies which have obscured such a correlation. A simple assay which removes previously unrecognized sources of error is shown to generate data which correlate well with patient responses. In this assay, lymphocytes collected from patients with malignant solid tumors were stimulated with mitogen in their autologous plasma. The amount of radioactive thymidine incorporated during replicative deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis was corrected to remove sources of error ignored in the previous studies. A significant improvement in mitogen-stimulated synthesis was observed within two months for patients entering remission. For patients not responding to therapy, there was a progressive deterioration in mitogen-responsiveness.
Theoretical Consideration in Heat and Infra-Red Detection, with Particular Reference to the Pneumatic Detector (1947)

A brief mathematical review of the basic factors involved in infra-red detection is presented, with emphasis on the concepts of equivalent circuits and efficiency. A few theoretical aspects of the pneumatic detector are discussed.
Diagnostic and clinical relevance of the number of circulating CD34+ cells in myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia (2001)

The absolute content of CD34(+) cells in the peripheral blood of 84 patients with myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia (MMM) and 23 patients with other Philadelphia-negative (Ph(-)) chronic myeloproliferative disorders (CMDs) was investigated. In MMM, the median absolute number of circulating CD34(+) cells was consistently high (91.6 x 10(6)/L; range, 0-2460 x 10(6)/L). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that 15 x 10(6)/L as a decision criterion for CD34(+) cells produced an almost complete discrimination between MMM patients out of therapy and other Ph(-) CMDs (positive predictive value, 98.4%; negative predictive value, 85.0%). MMM patients with higher numbers of CD34(+) cells had a significantly longer disease duration (P =.019) and higher spleen volume index (P =.014), liver volume (P =.000), percentage of circulating immature myeloid cells (P =.020), and percentage of myeloid blasts (P =.000). When CD34(+) cells were correlated with the use of Dupriez risk stratification, CD34(+) cells increased significantly from low-risk (median, 68.1 x 10(6)/L) to intermediate-risk (median, 112.8 x 10(6)/L) and high-risk patients (median 666.1 x 10(6)/L) (F = 4.95; P =.009). When CD34(+) cells were correlated with a severity score on the basis of both myeloproliferative and myelodepletive characteristics of the disease, only the myeloproliferation index was significantly associated with CD34(+) cell level (F = 5.7; P =.000). Overall survival and interval to blast transformation from the time of CD34(+) cell analysis were significantly shorter in patients with more than 300 x 10(6)/L CD34(+) cells (P =.005 and.0005, respectively). In conclusion, the absolute number of CD34(+) circulating cells allows MMM to be distinguished from other Ph(-) CMDs; it is strongly associated with the extent of myeloproliferation and predicts evolution toward blast transformation.
The effect of carboxylic acids on glycine polymorphism, salt and co-crystal formation. A comparison of different crystallisation techniques (2013)

The effect of carboxylic acids on glycine polymorphism, salt and co-crystal formation was compared for slow evaporation of solutions at ambient conditions, spray drying, “fast” and “slow” anti-solvent crystallisation and dry co-grinding. Different phases were found to crystallise from the same starting components, depending on the preparative technique. Small amounts of most carboxylic acids (glutaric acid being the only exception) promoted crystallisation of the γ-polymorph in solution and as a result of co-grinding. When added in equimolar quantities, the same carboxylic acids formed salts with glycine (addition of glutaric acid resulted in co-crystal formation) on slow evaporation of solutions and on co-grinding. Neither succinic nor L-malic acids produced glycine salts, but instead promoted formation of γ-glycine when present in any amount. Anti-solvent crystallisation and spray drying of solutions containing small or large amounts of carboxylic acids produced a variety of glycine polymorphs as both pure phases and their mixtures, whereas only oxalic acid yielded salts. The ability to synthesise glycinium semi-oxalate form II by spray drying was demonstrated.
Overview of digital audio broadcasting (2002)

There are basically two implementation strategies for digital audio broadcasting. The first strategy requires the availability of new radio spectrum. The second requires that existing spectrum become re-used. Canada has announced plans to embrace the first strategy, using technology developed by the Eureka 147/DAB consortium of Europe. In the United States, however, it is not possible for us to implement a system like Eureka 147/DAB, for the simple reason that there is no spectrum available. We are unable to find any spectrum below 3 GHz that would be suitable for terrestrial DAB. Although the United States reserved frequencies for DAB at WARC-92 (2310-2360 MHz), these frequencies will become used for satellite broadcasting systems with terrestrial gap-filling low power transmitters. The situation in the United States is described.
Compressor washing on line for large gas turbines (1992)

In the often polluted atmosphere in which many gas turbines are installed, frequent compressor washing is essential to maintain performance and prevent erosion of blading. Major pollutants include salt for those facilities near the coast and hydrocarbon aerosols for those facilities near motorways and industrial sites. Equipment has been developed for washing large gas turbine compressors on line to arrest the rate of fouling in baseload operation. The design and operation of the equipment is described and the operational flow path is presented. 3 figs.
Design and Application of Optimal Feedback Controller for controlling Active Vibrations (2014)

Improved manufacturing methods have become crucial factors in retaining global competitiveness for a wide range of products. This has led to the development of intelligent, compact and lightweight smart machine tools. A great difficulty is faced in the design of such machine tools due to the fact that the reduction in weight results in low rigidity and poor vibration control characteristics. The induced vibrations in the system may destabilize the system and result in complete failure of the system. On the other hand, the successful vibration reduction of the smart machine tools during machining process can improve productivity, increase quality, and reduce tool wear. Also healing the vibration error can reduce industrial waste, save money and improve design flexibility of new cutting tools. Therefore, there is a need to develop machine tools that are equipped with suitable vibration control features. Objective of the present paper is an attempt to design an optimal feedback controller and its application to control the active vibrations. Smart machine tools technology using active control system may provide a solution to this problem. With the optimization of position of closed loop poles of the system, maximum reduction of vibrations has been found. These machine tools use piezoelectric materials, electro-rheological fluids and shape memory alloys as sensors and actuators for providing effective vibration control.
Phenotypic, Proteomic, and Genomic Characterization of a Putative ABC-Transporter Permease Involved in <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Biofilm Formation (2011)

The foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes is able to form biofilms in food processing environments. Previously, we have reported that an lm.G_1771 gene (encoding a putative ABC-transporter permease) was involved in negative regulation of L. monocytogenes biofilm formation using LM-49, a biofilm-enhanced mutant isolated on Tn917 mutagenesis (AEM 2008 p.7675-7683). Here, the possible action of this ABC-transporter permease in L. monocytogenes biofilm formation was characterized by phenotypic, proteomic, and genomic analyses using an lm.G_1771 gene deletant (Δ1771). The Δ1771 mutant exhibited the same enhanced ability for biofilm formation as the LM-49 strain using a crystal violet staining assay. DNA microarrays and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis revealed 49 and 11 differentially expressed (twofold or more) genes or proteins in Δ1771, respectively. The transcriptomics study indicated that lm.G_1771 could play a vital role in regulating candidate genes involved in biofilm formation such as genes encoding cell surface proteins (Dlt), cell surface anchor proteins (SrtA), and transcriptional regulators (GntR) contributing to negative regulation of biofilm formation by L. monocytogenes. The mutant Δ1771 was more sensitive to Triton X-100 and less resistant to cationic antibiotics, which might be explained by the down-regulation of dlt operon in this deletant and the fact that dlt involves the incorporation of D-alanine residues into lipoteichoic acids, resulting in a positive net charge on the teichoic acids. Therefore, lm.G_1771 is considered to be involved in negative regulation of biofilm formation, and the results from this work provide a possible molecular mechanism of biofilm formation regulated by lm.G_1771 in L. monocytogenes.
Host-Habitat Location Through Olfactory Cues By Leptopilina Cla Vipes (Hartig) (Hym.: Eucoilidae), a Parasitoid of Fungivorous Drosophila: the Influence of Conditioning (1982)

"Host-Habitat Location Through Olfactory Cues By Leptopilina Cla Vipes (Hartig) (Hym.: Eucoilidae), a Parasitoid of Fungivorous Drosophila: the Influence of Conditioning" published on 01 Jan 1982 by Brill.
Improvement of Provably Secure Self-Certified Proxy Convertible Authenticated Encryption Scheme (2012)

By integrating self-certified public-key systems and the designated verifier proxy signature with message recovery, Wu and Lin proposed the first self-certified proxy convertible authenticated encryption (SP-CAE) scheme and its variants based on discrete logarithm problem (DLP) in 2009. Though their schemes are claimed provably secure, we demonstrate that their schemes are existentially forgeable under adaptive chosen warrants, unconfidentiable and verifiable under adaptive chosen messages and designated verifiers. Then we propose a provably secure SP-CAE scheme in the random oracle model.
Decreased Hepatic Copper Levels (1982)

The spontaneously aneurysm-prone Blotchy mouse has a mutation on the X chromosome resulting in low hepatic copper levels; and copper is an essential cofactor for lysyl oxidase, which catalyzes reactions leading to the cross-linking of collagen and elastin. Population characteristics and family histories of patients with aneurysms suggest that aneurysmal disease may also be sex linked in man. Hepatic copper levels were determined in 13 patients who died with abdominal aortic aneurysms and in 13 control patients selected on the criterion of severe atherosclerotic occlusive disease of the abdominal aorta. Excluding two patients with severe liver disease, the tissue copper level in the patients with aneurysms was only 26% of the control level. The results suggest that additional studies of the biologic markers for aneurysm formation in the Blotchy mouse should be carried out prospectively in human subjects.
Chemosensor activity of 2-(anthracen-9-yl)-substituted imidazolidines and hexahydropyrimidines (2012)

A number of 2-(anthracen-9-yl)-substituted imidazolidines and hexahydropyrimidines were synthesized by reaction of N,N′-bis[aryl(hetaryl)methyl]ethylene-1,2-diamines and N,N′-bis[aryl(hetaryl)methyl]-propane-1,3-diamines with anthracene-9-carbaldehyde. The obtained compounds showed chemosensor activity toward Cd2+, Cu2+, and Hg2+ ions.
High‐resolution inversion for South Atlantic Plate kinematics using joint altimeter and magnetic anomaly data (1990)

We present an inversion for plate kinematics that solves for finite rotation parameters using fracture zone (FZ) and magnetic anomaly location data jointly. We define misfit functions that incorporate properties unique to each data type; in particular, the FZ misfit function does not depend upon alignment of conjugate FZ traces in the same way as magnetic lineations under the finite rotations. This property is useful for FZ locations, in which the signals on conjugate sides of the ridge may include systematic differences, or where data from one side of the ridge are sparse or missing. Formal error bounds estimated for the pole parameters show that the magnetic and FZ data are complementary in their information content. Error bounds computed for the joint inversion are substantially smaller than for either the FZ or magnetics data used separately, indicating that simultaneous use of the data in an inversion is crucial. We apply this method to Seasat altimeter data and magnetic anomaly picks in the South Atlantic. We solve for finite poles corresponding to magnetic anomalies 5, 6, 8, 13, 21, 22, 25, 30, 33, 33r, and 34; these define a smooth path over the past 84 m.y. indicating that the plate motions have not been as erratic as found previously.
Arsenic removal by iron oxide coated sponge: treatment and waste management (2009)

One of the problems in drinking water that raises concern over the world is that millions of people still have to use arsenic-contaminated water. There is a worldwide need to develop appropriate technologies to remove arsenic from water for household and community water supply systems. In this study, a new material namely iron oxide coated sponge (IOCSp) was developed and used to remove arsenic (As) from contaminated groundwater in Vietnam. The results indicated that IOCSp has a high capacity in removing both As (V) and As (III). The adsorption capacity of IOCSp was up to 4.6 mg As/g IOCSp, showing better than many other materials. It was observed from a pilot study that a small quantity of IOCSp (180 g) could reduce As concentration of 480 microg/L in 1.5 m3 of contaminated natural water to below 40 microg/L. In addition, an exhausted IOCSp, containing a large amount of arsenic (up to 0.42 wt %) could safely be disposed through the solidification/stabilization with cement. Addition of fly ash also reduced the amount of arsenic in the leachate.
Using inert dusts to detect and assess varroa infestations in honey bee colonies (2002)

SUMMARYDetection and assessment of varroa infestations in honey bee colonies are important for successful beekeeping. We examined the use of inert dusts to dislodge mites from adult honey bees that were isolated from their nest. Six dusts (powdered sugar, fine sugar, wheat flour, talcum powder, corn starch and baking soda) were evaluated for their ability to dislodge mites from adult bees collected in jars. We obtained the highest recovery rate with powdered sugar (92.9 ± 5.5%) and talcum powder (84.0 ± 5.6%). We also examined mite survival after recovery with inert dusts and compared it to mite survival after recovery from brood. After 24 h mite survival was significantly greater when mites were recovered with corn starch, powdered sugar, and from brood (F = 22.88, d.f. = 6,35, P < 0.0001). Finally, ether and powdered sugar were compared as tools for detecting and assessing the degree of infestation. Powdered sugar did not differ from ether in detecting or assessing low (1–5 mites per sample) infestation levels (F = 2.81, d.f. = 1,49, P = 0.1). At medium (6–30 mites per sample) and high (> 30 mites per sample) infestation levels, more mites were recovered with powdered sugar (medium: F = 14.28, d.f. = 1,29, P = 0.008; high: F = 6.34, d.f. = 1,17, P = 0.023).
Algorithms and design: the CRAY APP shared-memory system (2002)

Analysis of fundamental algorithms of computational science drove the design of the CRAY APP system. The important characteristics central to many applications are exploited through the use of shared-memory programming techniques using existing compiler technology. A cluster-capable 84-processor system, the CRAY APP, provides a flat shared memory, low memory latency, fast barrier synchronization, and hardware-assisted parallel support. A patented crossbar/bus architecture provides system economy. Deterministic system behavior allows the compilers to view the system as a single virtual processor. For even higher performance, multiple CRAY APPs can be clustered. Cluster configurations may also contain a globally accessible memory. High-bandwidth low-latency connections allow this configuration to be effective for applications that require more performance than one CRAY APP.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Set Theory and the Continuum Hypothesis (1966)

This exploration of a notorious mathematical problem is the work of the man who discovered the solution. The independence of the continuum hypothesis is the focus of this study by Paul J. Cohen. It presents not only an accessible technical explanation of the author's landmark proof but also a fine introduction to mathematical logic. An emeritus professor of mathematics at Stanford University, Dr. Cohen won two of the most prestigious awards in mathematics: in 1964, he was awarded the American Mathematical Society's Bôcher Prize for analysis; and in 1966, he received the Fields Medal for Logic.