gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Asthma phenotypes and IgE responses (2015)

The discovery of IgE represented a major breakthrough in allergy and asthma research, whereas the clinical interest given to IgE in asthma has been blurred until the arrival of anti-IgE biotherapy. Novel facets of the complex link between IgE and asthma have been highlighted by the effect of this treatment and by basic research. In parallel, asthma phenotyping recently evolved to the concept of endotypes, relying on identified/suspected pathobiological mechanisms to phenotype patients, but has not yet clearly positioned IgE among biomarkers of asthma.In this review, we first summarise recent knowledge about the regulation of IgE production and its main receptor, FcεRI. In addition to allergens acting as classical IgE inducers, viral infections as well as air pollution may trigger the IgE pathway, notably resetting the threshold of IgE sensitivity by regulating FcεRI expression. We then analyse the place of IgE in different asthma endo/phenotypes and discuss the potential interest of IgE among biomarkers in asthma.
Occupational allergic contact dermatitis caused by wood dusts (2001)

Exposure to wood dusts may cause various skin and mucosal symptoms. Allergic dermatoses, caused by wood dusts, diagnosed at the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health during 1976-1999 are reported here. 16 had allergic contact dermatitis and, 2 had contact urticaria. 9 men (3 cabinet makers, 3 joiners, 1 carpenter, 1 knifemaker and 1 machinist) were mainly exposed to tropical hardwoods. 1 man had dermatitis caused by western red cedar. 5 patients, 3 men and 2 women, were exposed to Finnish pine or spruce dusts, and 1 man to aspen. 7 also had rhinitis, 4 asthma or dyspnoea and 3 conjunctivitis. On patch testing, 10 men reacted to 9 different wood dusts, including teak (5), palisander (3), jacaranda (2), mahogany (2), walnut (2) and obeche (1). Reactions to wood allergens, including lapachol (2), deoxylapachol (1), (R)-3,4-dimethoxydahlbergione (2), 2,6-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone (1), mansonone A (2) and salicyl alcohol (1), were noted in 4 cases. All but 1 of 5 patients exposed to pine or spruce dusts reacted to the sawdusts, all 5 to colophonium, 3 to abietic acid, 2 to tall oil resin, 3 to wood tar mix and 4 to other wood gum resins. Of the 2 CU patients, 1 was prick and RAST positive to obeche, 1 reacted with urticarial dermatitis to punah wood dust on chamber exposure. Occupational allergic dermatoses are mainly caused by the dusts of hardwoods, mostly due to Type IV allergy, but may also be caused by softwood dusts. Patch tests can be done with wood dusts, but should be confirmed by patch testing with wood allergens if possible.
PHOTOINDUCED TWO-ELECTRON REDUCTION OF METHYL VIOLOGEN DIMER BY 2-PROPANOL THROUGH INTRAMOLECULAR PROCESS AND FORMATION OF VIOLOGEN RADICAL CATION DIMER (1980)

Abstract In the photoreduction of the newly synthesized methyl viologen dimer,1′,1″-trimethylene-bis(1-methyl-4,4′-bipyridinium) perchlorate, by 2-propanol, the exclusive formation of the stable radical cation dimer at room temperature was observed, which gave an unequivocal evidence for the intramolecular process.
Concurrent Programming in Java: Design Principles and Patterns (1996)

From the Publisher:
This book provides you with detailed information and expert techniques that will enable you to exploit the many advantages of concurrent programming and create multi-threaded Java applications that are more responsive to user demands, faster, and more easily controlled. Taking a design pattern approach, the book offers numerous standard design techniques for creating and implementing Java structures that solve common concurrent programming challenges. Doug Lea is Professor of computer Science at SUNY Oswego, Co-director of the Software Engineering Lab at the New York Center for Advanced Technology in Computer Applications, and Adjunct Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Syracuse University.
Single-Walled MoO<sub>3</sub> Nanotubes (2008)

Uniform MoO3 single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs) have been successfully synthesized for the first time through a simple thiol-assisted hydrothermal method. TEM, HRTEM, EELS and XPS characterization showed that the as-obtained sample was composed of high purity SWNTs. We hope our endeavor could blaze a new path in the field of NT research, especially in the barely explored noncarbon SWNT areas.
AOBase: a database for antisense oligonucleotides selection and design (2005)

Antisense oligonucleotides (ODNs) technology is one of the important approaches for the sequence-specific knockdown of gene expression. ODNs have been used as research tools in the post-genome era, as well as new types of therapeutic agents. Since finding effective target sites within RNA is a hard work for antisense ODNs design, various experimental methods and computational approaches have been proposed. For better sharing of the experimented and published ODNs, valid and invalid ODNs reported in literatures are screened, collected and stored in AOBase. Till now, approximately 700 ODNs against 46 target mRNAs are contained in AOBase. Entries can be explored via TargetSearch and AOSearch web retrieval interfaces. AOBase can not only be useful in ODNs selection for gene function exploration, but also contribute to mining rules and developing algorithms for rational ODNs design. AOBase is freely accessible via http://www.bioit.org.cn/ao/aobase.
651. Olefinic acids. Part V. γ-Methoxycrotonic acid (1949)

L. N. Owen and M. U. S. Sultanbawa, J. Chem. Soc., 1949, 3098 DOI: 10.1039/JR9490003098
Linear and nonlinear analysis of controlled combustion processes. II. Nonlinear analysis (2003)

For pt.I see ibid. p.199-205 (1999). The results of analysis using a reduced-order model of combustion instability and experiments with active control using fuel modulation motivated a study of what performance is achievable using active control. Limitations due to lightly damped or unstable eigenvalues, delay, disturbances, and limited actuator authority and bandwidth are studied. In this part of the paper we focus on approximate nonlinear analysis of a combustion model with on/off actuators and study effect of delay and disturbances.
Hardware assist for distributed shared memory (2002)

The use of software implemented distributed shared memory (SDSM) to provide shared memory programming environments on networks of workstations and message-passing parallel computers has become quite popular. However, the memory reference patterns of many shared memory programs lead to poor performance on such systems. The authors propose hardware assist to improve the performance of SDSM systems faced with problematic reference patterns. An example of such a system is described. Operating system software in Mach is used to provide internode sharing in the example system, but is assisted through hardware support for maintaining update-based coherence of replicated pages. Simulations driven by hardware-collected parallel reference traces are used to provide an indication of the expected performance of the system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Biophysicochemical Motifs in T-cell Receptor Sequences Distinguish Repertoires from Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte and Adjacent Healthy Tissue (2019)

Immune repertoire deep sequencing allows comprehensive characterization of antigen receptor-encoding genes in a lymphocyte population. We hypothesized that this method could enable a novel approach to diagnose disease by identifying antigen receptor sequence patterns associated with clinical phenotypes. In this study, we developed statistical classifiers of T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoires that distinguish tumor tissue from patient-matched healthy tissue of the same organ. The basis of both classifiers was a biophysicochemical motif in the complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) of TCRβ chains. To develop each classifier, we extracted 4-mers from every TCRβ CDR3 and represented each 4-mer using biophysicochemical features of its amino acid sequence combined with quantification of 4-mer (or receptor) abundance. This representation was scored using a logistic regression model. Unlike typical logistic regression, the classifier is fitted and validated under the requirement that at least 1 positively labeled 4-mer appears in every tumor repertoire and no positively labeled 4-mers appear in healthy tissue repertoires. We applied our method to publicly available data in which tumor and adjacent healthy tissue were collected from each patient. Using a patient-holdout cross-validation, our method achieved classification accuracy of 93% and 94% for colorectal and breast cancer, respectively. The parameter values for each classifier revealed distinct biophysicochemical properties for tumor-associated 4-mers within each cancer type. We propose that such motifs might be used to develop novel immune-based cancer screening assays. SIGNIFICANCE: This study presents a novel computational approach to identify T-cell repertoire differences between normal and tumor tissue.<i>See related commentary by Zoete and Coukos, p. 1299</i>.
Chemical Inhibitors and microRNAs (miRNA) Targeting the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) Pathway: Potential for Novel Anticancer Therapeutics (2013)

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a critical regulator of many fundamental features in response to upstream cellular signals, such as growth factors, energy, stress and nutrients, controlling cell growth, proliferation and metabolism through two complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2. Dysregulation of mTOR signalling often occurs in a variety of human malignant diseases making it a crucial and validated target in the treatment of cancer. Tumour cells have shown high susceptibility to mTOR inhibitors. Rapamycin and its derivatives (rapalogs) have been tested in clinical trials in several tumour types and found to be effective as anticancer agents in patients with advanced cancers. To block mTOR function, they form a complex with FKBP12 and then bind the FRB domain of mTOR. Furthermore, a new generation of mTOR inhibitors targeting ATP-binding in the catalytic site of mTOR showed potent and more selective inhibition. More recently, microRNAs (miRNA) have emerged as modulators of biological pathways that are essential in cancer initiation, development and progression. Evidence collected to date shows that miRNAs may function as tumour suppressors or oncogenes in several human neoplasms. The mTOR pathway is a promising target by miRNAs for anticancer therapy. Extensive studies have indicated that regulation of the mTOR pathway by miRNAs plays a major role in cancer progression, indicating a novel way to investigate the tumorigenesis and therapy of cancer. Here, we summarize current findings of the role of mTOR inhibitors and miRNAs in carcinogenesis through targeting mTOR signalling pathways and determine their potential as novel anti-cancer therapeutics.
Usage patterns and latent semantic analyses for task goal inference of multimodal user interactions (2010)

This paper describes our work in usage pattern analysis and development of a latent semantic analysis framework for interpreting multimodal user input consisting speech and pen gestures. We have designed and collected a multimodal corpus of navigational inquiries. Each modality carries semantics related to domain-specific task goal. Each inquiry is annotated manually with a task goal based on the semantics. Multimodal input usually has a simpler syntactic structure than unimodal input and the order of semantic constituents is different in multimodal and unimodal inputs. Therefore, we proposed to use semantic analysis to derive the latent semantics from the multimodal inputs using latent semantic modeling (LSM). In order to achieve this, we parse the recognized Chinese spoken input for the spoken locative references (SLR). These SLRs are then aligned with their corresponding pen gesture(s). Then, we characterized the cross-modal integration pattern as 3-tuple multimodal terms with SLR, pen gesture type and their temporal relation. The inquiry-multimodal term matrix is then decomposed using singular value decomposition (SVD) to derive the latent semantics automatically. Task goal inference based on the latent semantics shows that the task goal inference accuracy on a disjoint test set is of 99%.
Six years of ‘‘dry pumping’’: A review of experience and issues (1991)

The first ‘‘dry pumps’’ based on the Roots/claw principle were launched in 1984 and have made a strong contribution to a revolution in two areas of positive‐displacement pumping in the semiconductor industry. These are (a) the clean pumping of systems and load locks and (b) the continuous pumping of processes which generate copious quantities of particulate, condensate or corrosive material as reaction by‐products. These pumps are now moving into their third generation. In this paper, the current state‐of‐the‐art is reviewed, with particular reference to methods of achieving ultraclean pumping and to solutions to applications where ∼100 g/day of particulate (such as aluminium chloride or silica) must be transmitted through the pump with very high reliability. Issues arising from exhaust management of large arrays of pumps, such as those encountered in modern semiconductor fabrication facilities, are also discussed.
Chromosome behaviour in human-mouse somatic-cell hybrids (1971)

Research Article| October 01 1971 Chromosome behaviour in human-mouse somatic-cell hybrids S D Handmaker S D Handmaker 1Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1971) 124 (5): 37P. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj1240037P Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation S D Handmaker; Chromosome behaviour in human-mouse somatic-cell hybrids. Biochem J 1 October 1971; 124 (5): 37P. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj1240037P Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1971 London: The Biochemical Society1971 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
An Optimization Model for Transaction Placement in Blockchain Shards (2020)

Sharding technology can be used to improve the scalability of a blockchain system. The suitable placement of transactions into shards can reduce cross-shard ones, so as to improve system throughput and reduce delay. An optimization model for transaction placement to blockchain shards is proposed. Based on time analysis and a transaction flow graph, the fitness is computed to decide which shard is the most suitable one to place a transaction. The experimental results show that the proposed model can effectively reduce cross-shard transactions and reduce transaction delay.
Time-Resolved Spectroscopic Studies of B<sub>12</sub>Coenzymes:  Comparison of the Influence of Solvent on the Primary Photolysis Mechanism and Geminate Recombination of Methyl-, Ethyl-,<i>n</i>-Propyl-, and 5‘-Deoxyadenosylcobalamin (2005)

A transient absorption study of the photolysis of methylcobalamin (MeCbl), ethylcobalamin (EtCbl), and n-propylcobalamin (PrCbl) in ethylene glycol spanning six decades in time, from 10 fs to 10 ns, is reported. These measurements probe the influence of solvent on the formation and decay of the metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) intermediate observed following excitation of MeCbl, the photolysis mechanism in EtCbl and PrCbl, and the rate constants for geminate recombination of the alkyl radicals with cob(II)alamin and for the escape of the alkyl radicals from the initial solvent cage. Earlier investigations probed the dynamics of 5'-dexoyadenosylcobalamin (coenzyme B(12)) in water and ethylene glycol (Yoder, L. M.; Cole, A. G.; Walker, L. A., II; Sension, R. J. J. Phys. Chem. B 2001, 105, 12180-12188) and alkylcobalamins in water (Cole, A. G.; Yoder, L. M.; Shiang, J. J.; Anderson, N. A.; Walker, L. A., II; Banaszak Holl, M. M.; Sension, R. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 434-441). The results of these investigations are discussed in the context of the literature on the frictional influence of solvent on chemical reaction dynamics. The measurements allow a separation of the influence of the solvent on the intrinsic rate constant for geminate recombination and the rate constant for escape from the initial solvent cage. The rate constant for the intrinsic geminate recombination of cob(II)alamin with the alkyl radical is weakly dependent on the solvent and on the nature of the alkyl radical (Me, Et, Pr, or Ado). The Et, Pr, and Ado radicals exhibit the behavior expected for diffusion-controlled escape from the initial solvent cage. In contrast, the magnitude of cage escape for the Me radical is much larger than anticipated on the basis of hydrodynamic arguments.
Synthesis and Characterization of Highly Soluble and Oxygen Permeable New Polyimides Based on Twisted Biphenyl Dianhydride and Spirobifluorene Diamine (2005)

The novel spirobifluorene diamine monomer, 2,7-bis-amino-2‘,7‘-di-tert-butyl-9,9‘-spirobifluorene, was obtained. The new organosoluble polyimides were prepared from spirobifluorene diamine containing bulky tert-butyl group and conventional dianhydrides as well as 2,2‘-bis(4‘ ‘-tert-butylphenyl)-4,4‘,5,5‘-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (BBBPAn) and 2,2‘-bis(4‘ ‘-trimethylsilylphenyl)-4,4‘,5,5‘-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTSBPAn), which are composed of a noncoplanar twisted biphenyl unit containing bulky p-tert-butylphenyl groups and/or p-trimethylsilylphenyl groups by high-temperature one step polymerization. The structures of polymers were confirmed by various spectroscopic techniques. The weight-average molecular weights and polydispersities of resulting polymers were in the ranges 48 300−183 900 and 2.10−3.26, respectively. The bulky and twisted noncoplanar structural feature confers an enhanced solubility of the polyimides because of a decrease in the degree of molecular packing and crystallinity while imparting a significant increase in both Tg and thermal stability by restricting segmental mobility. The new polyimides exhibit the high oxygen permeabilities (P(O2) = 18−121 barrer) and O2/N2 gas separation properties (P(O2)/P(N2) = 2.2−9).
Catalyzing cultural change in a research intensive university (2002)

The University of Queensland, a comprehensive, research intensive university, has established a Catalyst Centre in the School of Engineering, &quot;to catalyze the development of a more diverse working, learning and research culture within engineering&quot;. The Centre is an incubator which fosters new modes of teaching and learning and conducts innovative socio-technical research focused on the many challenges facing engineering in the context of global changes in society, the environment and emerging technologies. The Centre provides a practical model for changing the culture from within in a research intensive university. Background In 1998, the School of Engineering commissioned an independent review of the state of the culture in the School. The resultant Diversity Report made some 63 recommendations concerned with creating a more holistic culture in the School. A core recommendation was the formation of a Catalyst Centre as a day-to-day focus for implementing the recommendations of the Diversity Report. The other recommendations were grouped into headings and included; a team-based approach; communication, consultation and transparent processes; valuing teaching; inclusive
Word Shapes and Rhymescapes: <i>Translating Translation Symmetry into Music and Poetry</i> (2013)

(2013). Word Shapes and Rhymescapes: Translating Translation Symmetry into Music and Poetry. Math Horizons: Vol. 20, No. 3, pp. 20-23.
Infectious mononucleosis. A problem of differential diagnosis to the oral surgeon. (1967)

Summary Infectious mononucleosis as it concerns the oral surgeon is described. Eight illustrative cases are presented. The problems of differential diagnosis from other oral diseases are discussed.
FAK signalling controls insulin sensitivity through regulation of adipocyte survival (2017)

Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) plays a central role in integrin signalling, which regulates growth and survival of tumours. Here we show that FAK protein levels are increased in adipose tissue of insulin-resistant obese mice and humans. Disruption of adipocyte FAK in mice or in 3T3 L1 cells decreases adipocyte survival. Adipocyte-specific FAK knockout mice display impaired adipose tissue expansion and insulin resistance on prolonged metabolic stress from a high-fat diet or when crossed on an obese db/db or ob/ob genetic background. Treatment of these mice with a PPARγ agonist does not restore adiposity or improve insulin sensitivity. In contrast, inhibition of apoptosis, either genetically or pharmacologically, attenuates adipocyte death, restores normal adiposity and improves insulin sensitivity. Together, these results demonstrate that FAK is required for adipocyte survival and maintenance of insulin sensitivity, particularly in the context of adipose tissue expansion as a result of caloric excess.
Biodegradable lactone copolymers. I. Characterization and mechanical behavior of ε‐caprolactone and lactide copolymers (1996)

Copolymers of ε-caprolactone and L-lactide (ε-CL/L-LA) and ε-caprolactone and DL-lactide (ε-CL/DL-LA) were synthesized with compositions 80/20, 60/40, and 40/60 (wt % in feed). The polymerization temperature was 140°C and Sn(II)octoate was used as a catalyst. The effect of the comonomer ratio on the thermal and mechanical properties of the copolymers was investigated by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry, and tensile testing. The copolymers differed widely in their physical characteristics, ranging from weak elastomers to tougher thermoplastics according to the ratio of ε-CL and LA in the copolymerization. Poly(L-lactide) (PLLA), poly(DL-lactide) (PDLLA), and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) homopolymers were studied as references. The tensile modulus and tensile strength were much higher for PLLA, PDLLA, and PCL homopolymers than for the copolymers. The maximum strain was very low for PLLA and PDLLA, whereas the copolymers and PCL exhibited large elongation. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Sex chromosome evolution and speciation in <i>Ficedula</i> flycatchers (2003)

Speciation is the combination of evolutionary processes that leads to the reproductive isolation of different populations. We investigate the significance of sex-chromosome evolution on the development of post- and prezygotic isolation in two naturally hybridizing Ficedula flycatcher species. Applying a tag-array-based mini-sequencing assay to genotype single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and interspecific substitutions, we demonstrate rather extensive hybridization and backcrossing in sympatry. However, gene flow across the partial postzygotic barrier (introgression) is almost exclusively restricted to autosomal loci, suggesting strong selection against introgression of sex-linked genes. In addition to this partial postzygotic barrier, character displacement of male plumage characteristics has previously been shown to reinforce prezygotic isolation in these birds. We show that male plumage traits involved in reinforcing prezygotic isolation are sex linked. These results suggest a major role of sex-chromosome evolution in mediating post- and prezygotic barriers to gene flow and point to a causal link in the development of the two forms of reproductive isolation.