gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dietary lipid content influences the clinical and intestinal adaptive responses to islet transplantation in diabetic rats. (1992)

Nutrient absorption is increased in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus (DM). This intestinal adaptive response is modified by isocaloric manipulations of the dietary content of fatty acids, and separate studies have shown a normalization of the enhanced uptake of glucose and lipids when DM rats are treated with transplantation of 3000 syngeneic pancreatic islets of Langerhans. These studies were undertaken to test the hypothesis that modification of the type of fatty acids in the triglycerides in isocaloric semisynthetic diets (S, saturated fatty acids from beeftallow; or F, polyunsaturated fatty acids from fish oil) fed to DM recipients influences the ability of syngeneic transplanted islets to normalize the clinical indices of glycemic control and the intestinal adaptive response. A suboptimal number of islets was transplanted (1200) under the renal capsule, so that the clinical parameters of diabetic control would be modestly abnormal and so that any possible beneficial influence of this dietary manipulation might better be able to demonstrate a further improvement of clinical endpoints. Adult Male Wistar-Furth rats were rendered diabetic, transplanted with 1200 syngeneic islets, and were then fed for 6 weeks a chow or a isocaloric semisynthetic diet enriched with either S or F. Islet transplantation reduced the diabetes-associated abnormalities in food consumption, body weight gain, intestinal weight, urine glucose concentrations, urine volume, oral glucose tolerance, hemoglobin A1c and blood urea nitrogen concentration; these changes were all similar in transplanted animals fed S, F, or chow. Plasma concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides were significantly elevated in transplanted rats fed S as compared to those fed F or chow. Transplanted DM rats had reduced in vitro intestinal uptake of stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic fatty acids, and cholesterol as compared with untreated DM rats, but the uptake of lipids was similar in transplanted DM rats fed S, F, or chow diets. Feeding rats S prevented the decline in the value of the jejunal maximal transport rate (Vmax) and apparent Michaelis affinity constant (Km) observed in transplanted DM rats fed F, but the lack of difference in glycemic control in transplanted DM rats fed F was likely due to their higher ileal Vmax for glucose uptake. Thus, intestinal adaptive function and clinical glycemic control are influenced by the type of fatty acids fed to syngeneic islet-transplanted DM rats.
An Appraisal of Proliferation and Apoptotic Markers in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: An Automated Analysis (2016)

The expression of the proliferative protein pHH3 together with the apoptotic marker cleaved caspase-3 may indicate an aggressive behaviour of PTC and loss of apoptosis inhibition by bcl-2 protein can further amplify the role of these proteins in tumor progression. Both cyclin D1 and bcl-2 could prove to be interesting markers of PTC precursor lesions. Automated/digital image quantification approach helps in refining the diagnostic accuracy.
Einleitung (2003)

Begibt man sich auf die Suche nach Literatur zum Impulskauf, so findet man zahlreiche Beiträge, die sich mit der theoretischen Fundierung, Abgrenzung und Operationalisierung dieses Kaufverhaltens beschäftigen. Sie gehen der Frage nach, welche Relevanz dem Impulskauf zukommt und wodurch sich Impulskäufer in besonderem Maß auszeichnen (vgl. z.B. Kollat und Willett 1967, 1969; Bellenger, Robertson und Hirschman 1978; Stern 1962; Dahlhoff 1979; Weinberg und Gottwald 1980, 1982; Weinberg 1980; Rook 1987; Dittmar, Beattie und Friese 1995; Rook und Fisher 1995; Trommsdorff 1998). Auch die besonders für das Handelsmarketing relevanten Fragen nach „dem Impulsprodukt“ und „der Impulsplatzierung“ wurden in der wissenschaftlichen Literatur aufgegriffen (vgl. z.B. Patterson 1963; Assael 1985; Bellenger, Robertson und Hirschman 1978). Und dennoch: Zieht man die zahlreichen Beiträge zu Rate, die sich seit den 50er Jahren angesammelt haben, so findet man leider keine zufriedenstellende Antwort auf die Fragen: Was ist der Impulskauf? Wie entsteht er? Ist er von anderen Konstrukten abzugrenzen oder nicht? Und wenn ja — wie? Wird er tatsächlich am PoS durch bestimmte Warenplatzierungen, Reizkonstellationen etc. begünstigt und wenn ja — wodurch? Gibt es typische Persönlichkeitsmerkmale für Impulskäufer? Ist das impulsive Kaufverhalten als problematisch für den Konsumenten zu betrachten oder nicht? Auch Kroeber-Riel und Weinberg (1999) stellen fest, dass es sich beim Impulskauf um ein Kaufentscheidungsverhalten handelt, das zwar oft genannt wird, bislang aber nicht hinreichend untersucht wurde (vgl. Kroeber-Riel und Weinberg 1999, S. 398).
Drawing dynamic trees (1990)

A tree-drawing algorithm that addresses the weaknesses of current approaches to constructing graphical user interfaces is presented. Present algorithms either do not let you draw tree nodes of varying shapes and sizes or they draw such trees in a way that does not produce trees as compact as they could be, which is especially important when diagramming a large system. Also, they cannot reuse layout information when the trees changes, so after every change the layout must be recomputed and the tree redrawn. The main difference between these traditional approaches and the author's approach is that his algorithm is more geometric. Unlike other algorithms, it uses an explicit representation of node and subtree contours, and it stores every contour as a polygon. It has three advantages over traditional algorithms. It allows one to draw trees with nodes of any polygonal shape compactly. The data structure supports insert and delete operations on subtrees. It is simple to implement, yet flexible.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Limited tissue fixation times and whole genomic amplification do not impact array CGH profiles (2006)

Our findings attest to the fidelity of our array CGH methods to effectively examine material recovered from FFPE tissue specimens for microarray applications. This in turn has great potential to identify novel diagnostic and prognostic markers for human disease.
Effects of Nitrogen and Oxygen Supply on Production of Poly - β - Hydroxybutyrate in Azotobacter chroococcum (1995)

Production of (PHB) in a strain of Azotobacter chroococcum, a nitrogen-fixing bacteria, was investigated at various levels of nitrogen and oxygen. Feeding nitrogen source increased both cell growth and PHB accumulation. Oxygen supply appeared to be one of the most important operating parameters for PHB production. Both cell growth and PHB accumulation increased with the sufficient supply of air in the fed-batch fermentation of the strain. However, it was also noted that keeping the oxygen level under limited condition was critical to achieve high PHB productivity. A high titer of PHB (52 g/l) with a high cellular content (60%) was obtained after 48 hr of fed-batch operation by controlling the oxygen supply. Dual limitation of nitrogen and oxygen did not further increase the PHB accumulation probably due to the greater demand for reducing power and ATP for nitrogen fixation.
Fracture intensity from geomechanical models: application to the Blue Forest 3D survey, Green River Basin, Wyoming, USA (2007)

Abstract A geomechanical method is presented for the prediction of subseismic fracture intensity associated with faulting using a boundary element model conditioned from 3D seismic interpretation within the Green River Basin, Wyoming, USA. Seismic data indicate two major phases of deformation: (1) an early phase of approximately ESE‐verging contraction accommodated along a NNE–SSW striking system of basement-involved reverse faults and associated drape folds; and (2) a later phase of transtension accommodated by ENE–WSW-trending normal faults that are preferentially located in the hanging wall, above the crest of the drape fold. The models predict different spatial patterns of fracture intensity for each phase of deformation. For D 1 , enhanced probability for shear failure develops in the upper quadrant of the footwalls along the reverse faults (i.e. forelimb) and the greatest magnitudes occur adjacent to regions with the largest component of observable dip-slip displacement along the faults. During D 2 , enhanced probability for joint and fault formation occurs along-strike of the normal faults and in a general NE trend. Seismic velocity anisotropy data support the geomechanical predictions for both phases of deformation in that the location and azimuth of large anisotropies correlate with regions of predicted enhancement in joint and fault intensity.
Effect of Potassium Application on Yield-Related Characters and Contents of Starch and Hydrocyanic Acid of Cassava (2005)

Higher level of KCI application stimulated both leaf area index and leaf area duration in all cassava varieties, while the leaf and tuber number of the bitter varieties (high cyanide-level varieties) decreased in proportion to the level of KCI application. The root/shoot (R/S) ratio and harvest index (HI) were negatively related with the level of KCI application in all cassava varieties. The bitter varieties obtained the lowest R/S ratio at the level of 100 - 150 ㎏ KCI ha­¹, while the sweet varieties (low cyanide-level varieties) acquired the highest values at the level of 50 - 150 ㎏ KCI ha­¹. Also, the sweet varieties showed the lowest HI at the level of 250 ㎏ KCI ha­¹, but the bitter varieties at the level of 150 ㎏ KCI ha­¹. At 6 - 8 months after planting, the sweet varieties tended to obtain higher starch content of roots (tubers) at the level of 50 - 150 ㎏ KCI ha­¹, while the bitter varieties at the level of 150 - 250 ㎏ KCI ha­¹. Relatively lower level of 50 - 150 ㎏ KCI ha­¹ was more appropriate for decreasing hydrocyanic acid (HCN) content of roots (tubers) in the sweet varieties at the harvest time, and the level of 250 ㎏ KCI ha­¹ was adequate to decrease not only HCN content of leaves but also that of roots (tubers) in the bitter varieties during the growing period. To obtain higher yield and starch content of tubers, and lower HCN content of roots (tubers), it was recommended that the sweet varieties are applied with the level of 50 - 100 ㎏ KCI ha­¹ and the bitter varieties with the level of 150 - 200 ㎏ KCI ha­¹, respectively, in Latosol soils of Bogor areas, West Java.
Real-time lens distortion correction using texture mapping (2003)

Optical lens systems suffer from non-linear radial distortion. Applications such as computer vision and medical imaging require distortion compensation for the accurate location, registration and measurement of image features. While in many applications distortion correction may be applied offline, a real-time capability is desirable for systems that interact with the environment or with a user in real time. The construction of a triangle mesh combined with distortion compensation of the mesh nodes results in a pair of static node co-ordinate sets, which a texture-mapping graphics accelerator can use along with the dynamic distorted image to render high-quality distortion-corrected images at video framerates. Mesh generation, an error analysis, and performance results are presented. The polar-based method proposed in this paper is shown to have both more accuracy than a conventional grid-based approach and greater speed than the traditional method of using the CPU to transform each pixel individually.
Isomorphism between pulsed-wave Doppler ultrasound and direction-of-arrival estimation. I. Basic principles (1996)

Direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation of signals is an important area of research in sonar and radar signal processing. Over the last few decades, numerous techniques have been developed for high-resolution DOA estimation. In this paper, we show that velocity measurement using pulsed-wave Doppler ultrasound and DOA estimation are isomorphic problems. We discuss a number of DOA methods and their potential application to flow velocity measurement using ultrasound. Wide-band DOA methods are of special interest because the pulses used for Doppler ultrasound are also wide band. These wide-band methods generally involve a preprocessing step to convert wideband signals to narrow band before applying high-resolution techniques. Application of DOA methods to Doppler ultrasound provides tools for high-resolution velocity measurement, identification of multiple velocity components within a sample volume, and clutter rejection.
A 31-GHz monolithic GaAs mixer/preamplifier circuit for receiver applications (1981)

The portion of a monolithic receiver containing integrated Schottky mixer diodes and MESFET'S with microstrip circuitry has been developed and tested at 31 GHz. This work is part of a program to establish the feasibility of monolithic receivers and transmitters at microwave and millimeter-wave frequencies. Receiver designs using high-cutoff frequency diodes in a mixer configuration followed by a MESFET amplifier are capable of operating from microwave through millimeter-wave frequencies. However, the fabrication of monolithic receiver designs requires the integration on the same wafer of devices with different material requirements. We have developed a compatible integration scheme which is fundamental to the fabrication of monolithic receivers at millimeter-wave frequencies. Fabrication and design considerations for the 31-GHz balanced mixer and IF preamplifier are described. Completed monolithic units typically exhibit a conversion gain of 4 dB from the signal frequency of 31 GHz to the IF frequency of 2 GHz. The associated noise figure is typically 11.5 dB.
Mapping of the T-cell recognition sites of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAK polar pili (1988)

The polar pili of Pseudomonas aeruginosa consist of a subunit protein, pilin, which is a 144-residue polypeptide that contains a hydrophobic N-terminal region and eight hydrophilic regions distributed throughout the remainder of the molecule. T cells from mice immunized with pili or whole bacteria gave good pilus-specific T-cell proliferation responses. To delineate the T-cell antigenic regions of the pilin, T-cell blasts were generated from lymph nodes of pilus-primed BALB/c mice. These blasts were tested in vitro in T-cell proliferation assays for reactivity against the fragments of the pilin subunit prepared by enzymatic digestion. Citraconylation followed by trypsin digestion (cT) of the pilin subunit cleaved the protein into four fragments, cTI (residues 1 to 30), cTII (residues 31 to 53), cTIII (residues 54 to 120), and cTIV (residues 121 to 144). The ability to stimulate the T cells was found to reside in the cTI and cTIII regions, but not in the cTII or cTIV regions. A subfragment of cTIII, containing residues 82 to 104, was identified as the major T-cell recognition site within the cTIII region of the pilin molecule. A cross-reactivity was observed between pili from two strains of P. aeruginosa, namely, PAK and PAO, at the T-cell level. This cross-reactivity probably resulted from the sequence homology in the hydrophobic N-terminal region of these two molecules.
Epicardial Cells of Human Adults Can Undergo an Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Obtain Characteristics of Smooth Muscle Cells In Vitro (2006)

Myocardial and coronary development are both critically dependent on epicardial cells. During cardiomorphogenesis, a subset of epicardial cells undergoes an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and invades the myocardium to differentiate into various cell types, including coronary smooth muscle cells and perivascular and cardiac interstitial fibroblasts. Our current knowledge of epicardial EMT and the ensuing epicardium-derived cells (EPDCs) comes primarily from studies of chick and mouse embryonic development. Due to the absence of an in vitro culture system, very little is known about human EPDCs. Here, we report for the first time the establishment of cultures of primary epicardial cells from human adults and describe their immunophenotype, transcriptome, transducibility, and differentiation potential in vitro. Changes in morphology and beta-catenin staining pattern indicated that human epicardial cells spontaneously undergo EMT early during ex vivo culture. The surface antigen profile of the cells after EMT closely resembles that of subepithelial fibroblasts; however, only EPDCs express the cardiac marker genes GATA4 and cardiac troponin T. After infection with an adenovirus vector encoding the transcription factor myocardin or after treatment with transforming growth factor-beta1 or bone morphogenetic protein-2, EPDCs obtain characteristics of smooth muscle cells. Moreover, EPDCs can undergo osteogenesis but fail to form adipocytes or endothelial cells in vitro. Cultured epicardial cells from human adults recapitulate at least part of the differentiation potential of their embryonic counterparts and represent an excellent model system to explore the biological properties and therapeutic potential of these cells.
Terminal Velocity and Shape of Cloud and Precipitation Drops Aloft (1976)

The terminal velocity of cloud and precipitation size drops has been analyzed for three physically distinct flow regimes: 1) slip flow about a water drop treated as rigid sphere at negligible Reynolds numbers, 2) continuum flow past a water drop treated as a rigid sphere with a steady wake at low and intermediate Reynolds numbers, and 3) continuum flow around a non-circulating water drop of equilibrium shape with an unsteady wake at moderate to large Reynolds numbers. In the lower regime the effect of slip was given by the first-order Knudsen number correction to Stokes drag. In the middle regime a semiempirical drag relation for a rigid sphere was used to obtain a formula for the Reynolds number in terms of the Davies number. In the upper regime a correlation of wind tunnel measurements on falling drops was used in conjunction with sea level terminal velocities for raindrops to obtain a formula for the Reynolds number in terms of the Bond number and physical property number. The result for the upper regime gave values of the drag coefficient that were consistent with an invariance of shape with altitude in the atmosphere. Simple formulas are given for obtaining the axis ratio and projected diameter as a function of the equivalent spherical diameter. The resulting formulas for the terminal velocity in three diameter ranges (0.5 µm–19 µm, 19 µm–1.07 mm, 1.07 mm–7 mm) may be used to calculate the terminal velocity directly from the equivalent spherical diameter and the physical properties of the drop and atmosphere.
A new ultrasonic focusing system for materials inspection (1974)

Direct Ultrasonic Visualisation of Defects (DUVD) is a new method for forming and displaying images of acoustic discontinuities in an otherwise homogeneous medium. The principle is novel, since it combines known techniques in a new way to achieve a result which has no direct analogy to previous methods for manipulating wave motions in order to provide images.
Extrinsic calibration of a vision sensor mounted on a robot (1992)

A vision sensor mounted on a robot to detect surrounding objects is discussed. Its mounting position and orientation must be identified, resulting in an extrinsic calibration problem. The author presents three classes of extrinsic calibration procedures. All use closed-form solutions. The class A calibration procedure requires a reference object at a recalibrated location. The class B calibration procedure takes advantage of robot mobility. It requires a reference frame, but not precalibration. The class C procedure, by taking full advantage of both robot mobility and dexterity, requires no reference object but the simplest one-a visible point. In simulation studies, the class A, B, and C calibration procedures have produced estimates successfully converging to true extrinsic parameter values. Results of field experiments carried out for class B and C calibration procedures are presented. For comparison, two existing B-type calibration methods have also been tested with real data.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Dyadic Memory Networks for Aspect-based Sentiment Analysis (2017)

This paper proposes Dyadic Memory Networks (DyMemNN), a novel extension of end-to-end memory networks (memNN) for aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA). Originally designed for question answering tasks, memNN operates via a memory selection operation in which relevant memory pieces are adaptively selected based on the input query. In the problem of ABSA, this is analogous to aspects and documents in which the relationship between each word in the document is compared with the aspect vector. In the standard memory networks, simple dot products or feed forward neural networks are used to model the relationship between aspect and words which lacks representation learning capability. As such, our dyadic memory networks ameliorates this weakness by enabling rich dyadic interactions between aspect and word embeddings by integrating either parameterized neural tensor compositions or holographic compositions into the memory selection operation. To this end, we propose two variations of our dyadic memory networks, namely the Tensor DyMemNN and Holo DyMemNN. Overall, our two models are end-to-end neural architectures that enable rich dyadic interaction between aspect and document which intuitively leads to better performance. Via extensive experiments, we show that our proposed models achieve the state-of-the-art performance and outperform many neural architectures across six benchmark datasets.
Postsurgical management of differentiated thyroid carcinoma. (1996)

This article identifies the important prognostic factors that determine outcome and medical management of papillary and follicular thyroid cancer. It summarizes current trends in the use of radioactive iodine (131I) and gives explicit advice on its use in the treatment of these cancers. Preparation, dosimetry, and complication of therapy are discussed in detail. Follow-up with measurement of serum thyroglobulin concentrations and subsequent treatment with thyroid hormone is reviewed.
Electrode dependence of hydrogen-induced degradation in ferroelectric Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 and SrBi2Ta2O9 thin films (1997)

Forming gas annealing causes changes in the remanent polarization (Pr), coercive field (Ec), and leakage current (I) in both PZT [Pb(Zr,Ti)O3] and SBT (SrBi2Ta2O9) samples with a variety of top electrode materials (Pt, Au, Ag, Cu, Ni, and In2O3), and the degree of degradation depends strongly on the top electrode material. These results may be explained by a model that is based on the catalytic activities of the top electrode to dissociate hydrogen molecules into hydrogen atoms, with the latter subsequently migrating into PZT or SBT films to cause oxygen deficiency and its associated property degradation. This model can be expanded to explain the recovery phenomenon resulting from oxygen annealing, which also depends on the catalytic activity of the top electrode to produce atomic oxygen from molecular oxygen.
Implementation of Generic Stream Encapsulation Protocol for IP Datagram Encapsulation over DVB-S2 Baseband Frames (2016)

Digital Video Broadcasting over Satellite, the 2 nd generation (DVB-S2) standard allows a direct transmission of IP datagram using the Generic Stream Encapsulation Protocol replacing the existing transport Stream (MPEG-TS).The paper gives the description of the GSE Protocol for the transmission of IPV4 datagram and other network layer packets directly over DVB-S2 Generic Stream. The protocol specifies the Encapsulation format; fragmentation over DVB-S2 Base-Band frames and the mechanism to send the encapsulated stream to its destination.