gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Power loading for CP-OFDM over frequency-selective fading channels (2004)

We compare cyclic prefix (CP) based single and multicarrier block transmission schemes in frequency-selective fading channels. Analytical comparison shows that at moderate-to-high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the uncoded error rate performance of multicarrier transmission is inferior to that of single carrier. We propose new minimum bit error rate (MBER) power loading algorithms for multicarrier transmission. It is also shown that a simpler approximate MBER (AMBER) power loading method has performance close to that of the optimum MBER scheme. Performance of a variety of methods is compared analytically and verified by simulations.
Dihydrochalcones: Methods of Acquisition and Pharmacological Properties—A First Systematic Review (2019)

Dihydrochalcones are a class of secondary metabolites, for which demand in biological and pharmacological applications is still growing. They posses several healthendorsing properties and, therefore, are promising candidates for further research and development. However, low content of dihydrochalcones in plants along with their low solubility and bioavailability restrict the development of these compounds as clinical therapeutics. Therefore, chemomicrobial and enzymatic modifications are required to expand their application. This review aims at analyzing and summarizing the methods of obtaining dihydrochalcones and of presenting their pharmacological actions that have been described in the literature to support potential future development of this group of compounds as novel therapeutic drugs. We have also performed an evaluation of the available literature on beneficial effects of dihydrochalcones with potent antioxidant activity and multifactorial pharmacological effects, including antidiabetic, antitumor, lipometabolism regulating, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, and immunomodulatory ones. In addition, we provide useful information on their properties, sources, and usefulness in medicinal chemistry.
Analysis on Effects of Comprehensive Nursing Management on Control of Respiratory Infections and Nursing Quality (2015)

Objective: To observe and analyze infection control and nursing quality after performing comprehensive nursing management to patients of respiratory diseases. Methods: To conduct a retrospective clinical data analysis of 92 hospitalized patients with respiratory tract infections, who were randomly divided into the study group (46 cases) and control group (46 cases). Both groups were given routine anti-infection treatments. Meanwhile, the study group received comprehensive nursing management, while the control group received routine infection nursing. The clinical effects of patients in the two groups were then compared. Results: There were 45 cases (7.83%) of effective clinical infection control in the study group, and 43 cases (93.48%) in the control group. No significant difference was observed between the two groups ( p > 0.05). In terms of significant efficiency, there were 41 cases in the study group (89.13%) and 33 cases in the control group (71.74%) and the difference was statistically significant ( p < 0.05). Conclusion: Comprehensive management of respiratory infection in patients under respiratory medication not only controls the infection effectively, but improves nursing quality and clinical effects, and it plays an active role in infection control and nursing quality.
Wide-Speed-Range Sensorless Vector Control of Synchronous Reluctance Motors Based on Extended Programmable Cascaded Low-Pass Filters (2010)

This paper proposes a new sensorless vector control of a synchronous reluctance motor for a wide range of speeds. The estimation of speed and rotor angle is based on extended programmable cascaded low-pass filters (LPFs), which effectively reduce the effects of direct-current (dc) offsets at low speeds. The effect of the number of LPF stages on output dc offset, estimation accuracy, and dynamic performance are determined, and their equations are developed. The determination of the number of LPF stages is based on these developed equations. Because the estimate of the rotor angle near-zero speed is possible, the motor start-up procedure can be done without complexity. The experimental results show that the estimated and the actual rotor angles are in agreement at very low and high speeds. Thus, sensorless vector control can be achieved over a wide range of speeds. In addition, motor start-up in a standstill condition is possible, and the transient response at low and high speeds is acceptable.
Amyloid in Osteoarthritic Hip Joints:<i>A Pathoanatomical and Histological Investigation of Femoral Head Cartilage</i> (1982)

A total of 116 osteoarthritic femoral heads were studied with regard to the relationship between amyloid deposits in the cartilage and osteoarthritic changes. All the femoral heads were found to be deformed and only 10 were covered by cartilage over the whole surface. Sixty-five per cent of the femoral heads showed amyloid degeneration of the cartilage surface. The amount of amyloid did not correlate with the extent of the erosion. Neither was there a significant correlation between the amyloid degeneration on the one hand and fibrillation and flaking of the cartilage surface on the other. A reduction in the amount of chondroitin sulphate was observed in all 116 femoral heads to varying degrees, but no correlation with amyloid could be demonstrated. Thus, in the present study no correlation between the morphological and histochemical degrees of osteoarthritis and amyloid has been found. Six out of seven femoral heads with pyrophosphate deposits in the cartilage also contained amyloid.
Stationary-wavelet regularized inverse filtering: A robust deconvolution approach for terahertz reflection imaging (2009)

A deconvolution process is often applied to extract the impulse function of the target sample in terahertz reflection imaging. Though able to suppress the amplified noise for straightforward inverse filtering, the widely used low-pass or double Gaussian filter suffer from unfavorable over-smoothing and observer-dependent parameter settings. To overcome these, here we propose a new stationary-wavelet regularized inverse filtering approach with effective estimation of the wavelet shrinkage thresholds. Experimental water data validates the good performance of the proposed approach.
Injection Techniques for Common Chronic Pain Conditions of the Hand: A Comprehensive Review (2020)

Chronic hand pain is a prevalent and serious condition and can cause significant morbidity and disability and interferes with independence and activities of daily living. Conservative treatment remains the first line of treatment; however, when first-line treatments fail, steroid injections can usually provide benefit. In some cases, HA or Botox may also be beneficial. US-guidance is increasing in hand injection and almost ubiquitously provides safer, more effective injections. Hand surgery remains the alternative for refractory pain.
Evaluation of the NO<i><sub>x</sub></i> emissions from heavy-duty diesel engines with the addition of cetane improvers (2009)

The exhaust emissions from heavy-duty diesel engines (HDDEs) contribute to the degradation of ambient air quality; therefore, environmental agencies have created stringent emissions standards. Since the implementation of these standards, overall engine and fuel technology improvements have created a significant reduction in emissions. This study was completed in order to evaluate oxides of nitrogen (NO x ) emissions from fuels with and without cetane-improving additives in recent and early production electronically controlled HDDEs. Five engines spanning the model years from 1991 to 2004 were tested using the Federal Test Procedure (FTP) dynamometer cycle with both petroleum-based diesel and B20 as the neat fuel. It was found that the additives had the most impact on reducing emissions at low engine powers, but the engine power range with an NO x benefit varied between engines. The cetane improvers were found only to reduce NO x below a cylinder gas density of 35kg/m 3 at top dead centre. The lower compression ratio of the 1992 DDC S60 engines reduced the cylinder gas density and provided a larger optimal operating range for the cetane improvers. The cetane improvers reduced NO x at low engine powers and cylinder gas density for the B20 fuel but were less effective than for the neat petroleum fuels.
Towards Evaluation of Phonics Method for Teaching of Reading Using Artificial Neural Networks (A Cognitive Modeling Approach) (2007)

The presented work considers a rather challenging interdisciplinary issue associated with psycholinguistic, neurology, and cognitive sciences, in addition to, educational technology. More specifically, this paper introduces an investigational cognitive modeling approach to evaluate phonics method applied for teaching children how to read. Herein, evaluation process performed using two artificial neural network (ANN) models with diverse cognitive learning paradigms. Naturally, suggested models inspired by two cognitive styles observed during teaching reading to children. Those children in elementary school are qualified to learn "basic building blocks" of cognition. Accordingly, presented models are simulating cognitive reading activities on the basis of two diverse cognitive learning paradigms. Hence, statistical analysis of obtained modeling results are considered in evaluation of phonics method, rather than other psycholinguistic science approaches. At system level both presented (ANN) models introduced systematic investigation, and realistic simulation of recognizable observations associated with reading activities using phonics method. Finally, an interesting analogous comparison of both suggested learning models is illustrated versus behavioural animal learning after Pavlov's and Thorndike's original experimental results. Conclusively, some suggestions for future interdisciplinary research work concerned with brain functions (learning and memory) are given.
Molecular Imaging in Breast Cancer: From Whole-Body PET/CT to Dedicated Breast PET (2012)

Positron emission tomography (PET), with or without integrated computed tomography (CT), using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is based on the principle of elevated glucose metabolism in malignant tumors, and its use in breast cancer patients is frequently being investigated. It has been shown useful for classification, staging, and response monitoring, both in primary and recurrent disease. However, because of the partial volume effect and limited resolution of most whole-body PET scanners, sensitivity for the visualization of small tumors is generally low. To improve the detection and quantification of primary breast tumors with FDG PET, several dedicated breast PET devices have been developed. In this nonsystematic review, we shortly summarize the value of whole-body PET/CT in breast cancer and provide an overview of currently available dedicated breast PETs.
Constructing a zwitterionic ultrafiltration membrane surface via multisite anchorage for superior long-term antifouling properties (2015)

A novel zwitterionic membrane surface was constructed which exhibited stable antifouling ability by the formation of multisite anchorage covalent bonds.
Reading disorders and dyslexia (2016)

There are two distinct forms of reading disorder in children: dyslexia (a difficulty in learning to translate print into speech) and reading comprehension impairment. Both forms of reading problem appear to be predominantly caused by deficits in underlying oral language skills. Implications for screening and for the delivery of robust interventions for language and reading are discussed.
Determination of benzoic acid and salicylic acid in commercial benzoic and salicylic acids ointments by spectrophotometric method. (2009)

Commercial benzoic acid and salicylic acid ointments have been analyzed for benzoic acid and salicylic acid content by using a spectrophotometric method. Since benzoic acid and salicylic acid exhibit overlapping spectra, absorbance measurements are made at two wavelengths, i.e. 271 nm and 303 nm in ethanol (96%v/v) for simultaneous determination of the two compounds. The method is direct and involves only one step of absorbance measurement in the assay. The precision of the method, based on the analysis of synthetic mixtures of the two compounds, is within 2%. The recoveries of benzoic acid and salicylic acid in the ointments range from 99.9 to 100.6% and 99.5 to 101.3%, respectively and are comparable with those of the USP method (99.8 to 100.5% and 100.2 to 101.7%, respectively). The proposed method is simple, rapid, precise and convenient for the assay of benzoic acid and salicylic acid in commercial preparations.
High power semiconductor-based nano and subnanosecond, pulse generator with a low delay time (2004)

One of the promising designs of high power nano and subnanosecond pulse generators is based on FID-stacks triggered with a nanosecond pulse of overvoltage. This pulse is usually formed by semiconductor opening switches (DSRDs). Delay time of these switches is equal to the sum of forward and reverse current pulse duration, i.e., several hundreds of nanoseconds. Due to special diode structure, a novel opening switch, inverse recovery diode (IRD), is capable of forming the nanosecond pulse of voltage with a delay time equal to the reverse current pulse duration (15-20 ns). The high voltage nanosecond pulse formed with the IRD is used for fast triggering of the first DC-biased FID from a high voltage DC-biased FID-stack. The formed fast overvoltage pulse is applied to the second FID, etc. As a result, the high voltage FID-stack is switched on the order of a nanosecond. The total delay time of the IRD-FID based pulse generator is less than 30 ns
Modelling of capacitance tomographysensors (1997)

Current electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) systems reconstruct cross-sectional images directly using the ‘raw’ capacitance data measured from the multielectrode sensors. These ‘raw’ measurements are affected by the pipe wall and/or external interelectrode capacitances, and hence it is impossible to reconstruct accurate quantitative images. The author analyses four types of pipe-mounted sensor, as categorised by their electrode and radial screen arrangements, and gives methods of calculating the internal interelectrode capacitances which exclude other interfering capacitances, thus enabling quantitative measurements and improved images to be obtained.
Mechanical Removal in CMP of Copper Using Alumina Abrasives (2004)

Results from experiments on the removal of copper using chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) by alumina abrasives suspended in deionized water are reported. The experiments were carried out in a benchtop polishing tool using IC1000 perforated pads and SUBA 500 pads. The removal rate was measured over a good range of values of the relative velocity and pressure, and for different values of the abrasive concentration in the slurry. The results support the use of Preston's equation over a limited range of values of the relative velocity and pressure in the case of the IC-1000 pad; however, at larger velocities and pressures, the linear behavior implied in Preston's equation is not observed. At low abrasive concentration, the removal rate increases with increasing concentration, but beyond about 2.5 wt % abrasives, there is little further increase in removal rate. In the case of the SUBA 500 pad, Preston's equation is inadequate for describing the dependence on pressure. It is found that the removal rate is indeed linear with increasing velocity at low to moderate pressures, but is proportional to the square root of pressure and the abrasive concentration. © 2004 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Psychological Abuse of Women: A Review of the Literature (2004)

A review of the research literature on the psychological abuse of women is presented including defining and measuring the construct. Implications for practice, research, and multiculturalism are explored.
MCjammer: Adaptive Verification for Multi-core Designs (2008)

The challenge of verification of multi-core and multi-processor designs grows dramatically with each new generation of systems produced today. Validation of memory coherence of such systems, which include multiple levels of cache and complex protocols, constitutes a major fraction of this task. Unfortunately, current tools are incapable of addressing these challenges, allowing bugs, which cause unpredictable software behavior and wrong computation results, to slip into hardware. In this work we present a scalable approach to the verification of memory coherence protocols in large multi-core and multi-processor systems. We accomplish this task through a distributed network of cooperating agents, which feed the processors with stimuli, each agent attempting to accomplish its own verification goals and support other agents on theirs as well. The agents can dynamically change the stimuli based on coverage and pressure observed during simulation. Since each agent has a minimal knowledge of the entire system, their communication and decision process is greatly simplified. Moreover, since the agents' view of the system is linear in the number of nodes in it, our approach can be efficiently scaled to target large multi-core systems. Experimental results on two common coherence protocols and a range of multi-core configurations demonstrate that our technique can reach high levels of coverage of the system-level protocol much faster than a constrained-random generator.
The Use Of Degradation Measures To Design Reliability Test Plans (2014)

With short production development times, there is an increased need to demonstrate product reliability relatively quickly with minimal testing. In such cases there may be few if any observed failures. Thus it may be difficult to assess reliability using the traditional reliability test plans that measure only time (or cycles) to failure. For many components, degradation measures will contain important information about performance and reliability. These measures can be used to design a minimal test plan, in terms of number of units placed on test and duration of the test, necessary to demonstrate a reliability goal. In this work we present a case study involving an electronic component subject to degradation. The data, consisting of 42 degradation paths of cycles to failure, are first used to estimate a reliability function. Bootstrapping techniques are then used to perform power studies and develop a minimal reliability test plan for future production of this component.
Nano-Si/Cellulose Composites as Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries (2008)

In this work we report an easy method for improving the deﬁcient properties of nanosized Si as an electrode material for lithiumcells. The method involves mixing it with cellulose ﬁbers in appropriate amounts. A composite electrode made in a ratio 34:66%w/w Si/cellulose and containing no other additive was found to exhibit very good cycling properties e.g., speciﬁc capacity of ca.1400 mAh/g after 50 cycles, compared to only 400 mAh/g for the electrode made from pure Si . The performance was comparableto, or even better than, that of other Si-based composite electrodes obtained by using more sophisticated and expensive methods.© 2008 The Electrochemical Society. DOI: 10.1149/1.2902305 All rights reserved.Manuscript submitted November 26, 2007; revised manuscript received February 27, 2008. Available electronicallyApril 4, 2008.
¿Son siempre las universidades la mejor opción para un título profesional? Evidencia chilena (2017)

En este artículo se cuestiona el planteamiento de que los conocimientos y capacidades proporcionados por los institutos profesionales (IP) serían inferiores a los de universidades. Para esto se comparan los ingresos laborales de los egresados lo que resuelve varios problemas metodológicos presentes en los trabajos previos que comparan Universidades y otras opciones de educación superior. Específicamente, se comparan carreras impartidas simultáneamente por universidades e IP y se utilizan cohortes reales en lugar de artificiales. Los resultados obtenidos refutan las pruebas hasta ahora disponibles que sugerían una dominancia relativa de las universidades sobre otras opciones de educación superior. Uno de los resultados interesantes obtenidos es que al controlar por la calidad de los estudiantes admitidos el rendimiento de los estudios en IP es entre 4 y puntos porcentuales superior respecto a los universitarios.
Derivatives of bisnor-5-Cholenaldehyde. II (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDerivatives of bisnor-5-Cholenaldehyde. IIA. P. Centolella, F. W. Heyl, and M. E. HerrCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1948, 70, 9, 2953–2954Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1948https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01189a035https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01189a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views70Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Interdisciplinaridad, calidad y mejora continua en el diseño e implantación de programas de intervención en personas con demencia (2005)

La atencion a la demencia cada vez requiere un planteamiento mas interdisciplinar tanto en los enfoques profesionales como en las metodologias e instrumentos de medida y gestion. Un factor determinante, lo constituyen las situaciones de dependencia. El articulo presenta el resultado de una investigacion basada en el estudio de modelos de calidad.
An RNA Processing Activity That Debranches RNA Lariats (1985)

The excised introns of pre-messenger RNA's (pre-mRNA's) and intron-containing splicing intermediates are in a lariat configuration in which the 5' end of the intron is covalently joined by a 2',5'-phosphodiester bond to a specific adenosine residue near the 3' end of the intron. A 2',5'-phosphodiesterase activity in HeLa cell extracts has been detected that debranches RNA lariats, converting them to linear RNA molecules by specific cleavage of the 2',5'-phosphodiester bond. This lariat debranching activity is distinct from previously reported 2',5'-phosphodiesterases with regard to its biochemical and substrate requirements as well as its stringent cleavage specificity. The debranching activity is observed only if the RNA lariats generated during in vitro processing are deproteinized and added back to the extract. These results suggest that during the normal in vitro splicing reaction the 2',5'-phosphodiester bond of RNA lariats is protected from cleavage by the lariat debranching activity.
Incorporating topic information into sentiment analysis models (2004)

This paper reports experiments in classifying texts based upon their favorability towards the subject of the text using a feature set enriched with topic information on a small dataset of music reviews hand-annotated for topic. The results of these experiments suggest ways in which incorporating topic information into such models may yield improvement over models which do not use topic information.