gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Retrospective Analysis of Post-Stroke Berg Balance Scale Scores: How Should Normal and At-Risk Scores Be Interpreted? (2016)

<b><i>Purpose:</i></b> The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) is a performance-based measure of standing balance commonly used by clinicians working with individuals post-stroke. Performance on the BBS can be influenced by compensatory strategies, but measures derived from two force plates can isolate compensatory strategies and thus better indicate balance impairment. This study examined BBS scores that reflect "normal" and disordered balance with respect to dual force-plate measures of standing balance in individuals post-stroke. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> BBS and force-plate measures were extracted from 75 patient charts. Individuals were classified by BBS score with respect to (1) age-matched normative values and (2) values that suggested increased risk of falls. Multiple analysis of variance was used to examine the effect of group assignment on force-plate measures of standing balance. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Individuals with BBS scores within and below normative values did not differ in force-plate measures. Individuals with BBS scores below the falls risk cutoff loaded their affected leg less than individuals with BBS scores above the cutoff. There were no other differences in force-plate measures between these two groups. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> BBS scores indicating either normal or disordered balance function are not necessarily associated with normal or disordered quiet standing-balance control measured by two force plates. This finding suggests that the BBS may reflect a capacity for compensation rather than any underlying impairments.
Changes in Concrete Pore Size Distribution Due to Electrochemical Chloride Migration Trials (1999)

[EN] Advanced repair techniques, such as electrochemical chloride removal and realkalization involving the use of applied electrical current are starting to be used for the rehabilitation of concrete structures. The generalized movement of the ions dissolved in the aqueous phase of pores leads researchers to think that microstructure of concrete can be altered. In this study, results are presented on the changes in the pore size distribution after penetration of chlorides driven by an electrical field (migration) in comparison with natural diffusion penetration. Results indicate that the application of an electrochemical treatment to a structure induces an increase in total porosity, due to the solution of precipitated phases initially located in the smallest capillary pores that after some time, evolve to be found in the range between 5 and 0.05 μm.
Investigating Stability and Bifurcations of a Boost PFC Circuit Under Peak Current Mode Control (2005)

A new instability phenomenon is detected for a peak current controlled boost power factor correction (PFC) circuit. This phenomenon is studied by using an averaged continuous time model. Time domain waveforms, trajectories in the state space and Poincare sections are used to uncover the slow scale instability (Hopf bifurcation) at the line frequency. The results are obtained from the averaged model and then validated by the exact circuit diagram switched model. Some guidelines for an optimized stable design and a power factor close to one are outlined.
The planar cell polarity protein <scp>V</scp>angl2 is required for retinal axon guidance (2015)

Vangl2 plays a critical role in the establishment of planar cell polarity (PCP). Previously, we detected expression of Vangl2 in the developing retina during late embryogenesis, which led us to investigate the possible role of Vangl2-mediated PCP signaling in eye development. We have generated a Vangl2(BGeo) knock-in mouse allowing us to evaluate Vangl2 mRNA expression during retinal development, and used an isoform-specific antibody to examine Vangl2 protein expression in cryosections. To investigate the role of Vangl2 in retinal development, we examined eyes taken from embryos homozygous for independent alleles of Looptail (Lp, Lp(m1jus) ) mutant mice. We found that Vangl2 mRNA and protein are dynamically expressed in the developing embryonic and postnatal retina, with Vangl2 expression becoming progressively restricted to the ganglion cell layer and optic nerve as the retina matures. The expression pattern of Vangl2 transcript and protein is most prominent in retinal ganglion cells (RGC), and their axons. Additionally, we show that Vangl2 is required for retinal and optic nerve development as Vangl2 (Lp/Lp) mutant embryos display a significantly reduced eye size, marked thickening of the retina, and striking abnormalities in the morphology of the optic nerve (significant hypoplasia, and aberrant exit trajectory). Notably, we identified a salient intraretinal axon guidance defect in Vangl2 (Lp/Lp) mutant embryos through which axon bundles traverse the entire thickness of the retina and become trapped within the subretinal space. Our observations identify a new and essential role for Vangl2-dependent PCP signaling in the intraretinal path-finding of RGC axons.
Localized excitons in InAs self-assembled quantum dots embedded in InGaAs/GaAs multi-quantum wells (2003)

The temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL) spectra of highly uniform self-assembled InAs quantum dots (QDs) embedded in In0.15Ga0.8As/GaAs multi-quantum well (MQW) structures have been investigated. Spectral peak shift and PL temperature quenching for ground state (GS) and first excited state (1ES) optical transitions in the range 12–220 K are analyzed. Small FWHM values equal to 37 and 27 meV at 12 K characterize the GS and 1ES transitions, respectively. For the highly uniform QDs no unusual decrease of the FWHM at low temperatures was seen that would be connected with the redistribution of carriers between the QDs. The activation energies of the PL temperature quenching processes for GS and 1ES in InAs QDs are found to be the same, about 50–52 meV. The reasons for the same GS and 1ES thermal activation energies in InAs self-assembled QDs are discussed.
Bicyclic Structures Prohibiting the Walden Inversion. The Synthesis of 1-Bromotriptycene (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBicyclic Structures Prohibiting the Walden Inversion. The Synthesis of 1-BromotriptycenePaul D. Bartlett, Saul G. Cohen, John D. Cotman Jr., Nathan Kornblum, Josephine Ryan Landry, and Edward S. LewisCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 2, 1003–1004Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1950https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01158a093RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views373Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (248 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Evidence for the presence of dual emission in a ruthenium(II) polypyridyl mixed ligand complex (1998)

The complex [Ru(bpy)2(pztr)]+ 1 [bpy = 2,2′-bipyridyl, Hpztr = 3-(pyrazin-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazole] exhibits two emission maxima in fluid solution [ethanol–methanol (4:1)] over the temperature range 120–260 K; from fluorometric studies two well resolved emission maxima are observed at 590 and 700 nm, accompanied by two different lifetimes; the observations suggest the presence of two emitting states in this compound, one bpy and one pyrazine based.
Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) During CHO Cell Production Culture (2013)

The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a complex and intricate network of signaling pathways in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The UPR is responsible for monitoring and controlling intracellular responses to the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins under conditions of cellular stress. In mammalian cell cultures the expression of high levels of recombinant proteins, such as monoclonal antibodies, are associated with increased UPR levels. However, the dynamic changes of the UPR and its impact on cell performance as well as recombinant protein secretion are poorly understood. Herein a UPR-specific monitoring system was created that can be used to detect and quantify endogenous UPR activation levels in real-time during the production process. Using this UPR-specific monitoring system, it was found that recombinant Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) clones differed in their UPR induction patterns. Both the timing and the degree of UPR-induced transcriptional activation for the different clones were linked to the growth, viability, and productivity of the cells. In addition, the UPR-specific monitoring system revealed that cell culture conditions, such as the accumulation of metabolic end products and osmolarity, can also alter UPR levels independent of recombinant protein expression. Lastly, how a production process can be rescued from decreased cell viability and productivity by controlling the UPR in a live growing culture will be addressed. Some of findings below have been summarized in the manuscript submitted to a peer reviewed journal (revision under journal review).
Hydrogen surface segregation on Si(111) by photon-stimulated desorption at the Si<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>K</mml:mi></mml:math>edge (1982)

The photon-stimulated desorption of ${\mathrm{H}}^{+}$ from cleaved Si(111) using photon energies near the Si $K$ excitation threshold is reported. The time dependence of the H surface segregation from the bulk following cleavage shows two or three sequential time regimes of growth kinetics suggesting multiple sequential hydride phase formations. Removal of the H from the H-saturated surface results in the subsequent observation of only the first time regime (which we interpret as being due to formation of a monohydride phase).
Final Report For the Phase I study of Magnetized Beamed Plasma Propulsion (MagBeam) (2005)

High speed modulation based on bandwidth limited devices is desired for cost-effective PON capacity upgrade. In this paper, we investigate the equalization techniques for enabling 25-Gb/s transmission with 10G-class optics. A comparison between FFE and DFE based equalizer and MLSE based digital equalizer is made, where 13-tap FFE and 3-tap DFE are required to obtain similar performances with MLSE based detection. In addition, to verify the cost introduced by the ADC, the demand for the ADC parameters in the MLSE based detector, including the sampling rate, resolution, and timing jitter is investigated. Experimental results show that using a 25-GS/s ADC with 4-bit resolution, 25-Gb/s transmission is realized using 10-G TOSA and ROSA, and 28-/30-dB loss budget can be achieved in C-/O-band respectively.
Unstained Biological Specimens in High Resolution Electron Microscopy (1974)

Negative staining and high resolution shadowing have been extensively used for structural studies in electron microscopy. However, these techniques cover the specimen with a layer of heavy salt or metal, and hence do not allow determination of true mass distribution or localization of specific sites using heavy atom markers. A prerequisite for such structural studies is an examination of unstained specimens. For thin specimens dark field microscopy must be used to obtain adequate contrast. The scanning transmission electron microscope is preferred for such studies since elastic, energyloss, and unscattered electrons can be recorded and analyzed quantitatively to form images with a minimum of beam-induced damage.
Reduktion von 2‐Enoaten und Alkanoaten mit Kohlenmonoxid oder Formiat, Viologenen und <i>Clostridium thermoaceticum</i> zu gesättigten Säuren und ungesättigten bzw. gesättigten Alkoholen (1987)

Vermutlich auch präparativ nutzbar ist das biochemische System , mit dem die Titelreaktionen in wäßriger Lösung gelingen. Die ungesättigten Carboxylate 1 ergeben bei pH 7.5 mit CO, H 2 oder HCOO ⊖ die gesättigten Analoga 2 und bei pH 5.5 die Alkohole 3 und 4 ; bei pH 5.5 findet mit den gleichen Reagentien die Umwandlung 2 → 3 statt. 1 und 2 werden nicht aktiviert, wie dies sonst bei solchen biologischen Reaktionen der Fall ist. R 1 , R 2 = Me, Ph, CHCHCH 3 . magnified image
Theory of surfactant self-assembly: a predictive molecular thermodynamic approach (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTheory of surfactant self-assembly: a predictive molecular thermodynamic approachR. Nagarajan and E. RuckensteinCite this: Langmuir 1991, 7, 12, 2934–2969Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00060a012https://doi.org/10.1021/la00060a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5507Altmetric-Citations706LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Educational role of the media in molding woman’s body image (2016)

The article discusses an influence that today’s media have on shaping the\nimage of a modern woman. It presents negative consequences of yielding to\ntrends of popular culture, including those affecting physical and mental\nhealth, such as eating disorders (anorexia, bulimia). At the\nsame time, the article demonstrates how the role of media is becoming\nincreasingly positive, by promoting healthy models of a woman’s body rather\nthan propagating harmful habits.
YAG photoluminescence of GaAs : Cr (1980)

We have performed photoluminescence experiments, using two excitation sources : a YAG laser and a krypton laser, on a series of Chromium doped GaAs samples. The carrier concentration of the samples ranges from 1018 (n-type) to p-type (lightly doped). Three bands of photoluminescence at 0.57 eV, 0.61 eV and 0.839 eV are associated with Chromium. Their respective variations with excitation source and Fermi level position are reported. A tentative explanation in terms of the Configurational-Coordinate model for the (Cr 3+-Cr2+) centre is presented.
An Integrated Approach for Numerical Simulation of Full Vehicle Behaviour During Transient Dynamic Maneuvers on Arbitrary Obstacles and Road Surfaces (2003)

This work describes a numerical methodology based on the finite element method used for the transient dynamic simulation of the full vehicle rolling on different kind of obstacles. Some issues related to the tire finite element model development and its validation, by numerical-experimental comparison, have been discussed. The strategy to combine the static simulations such as the tire inflating, the vehicle weight application and suspension pre loading, with transient dynamic analysis of the car rolling over the obstacle has been chosen. The methodology, based on integration of Abaqus Implicit and Explicit codes, has been successfully applied for the dynamic simulation of Fiat Punto car passing over comfort and pothole obstacle; it is in a good stage of development for a bump obstacle (misuse airbag test).
Mapping design for general multidimensional communication systems (2003)

In communication systems, the mapping between the data space and the signal constellation needs to be carefully designed. The mapping based on the "Gray" code (or the Karnaugh map) is a well known scheme for constellations with uniformly-distributed points. However, for some systems with an irregular constellation, like the permutation modulation system and the parallel combinatory DS/SS communication system which, essentially, are multidimensional systems, the common method of mapping is invalid. In this paper, we propose a practical algorithm to find a suboptimal mapping for a general constellation. For a constellation with M points, there are a total of M! different mappings. To achieve computational efficiency, the algorithm is designed based on an incomplete search. A comparison of several mappings shows that very good mappings can be found by this systematic method.
Relationship between cholesteryl ester transfer protein and LDL heterogeneity in familial hypercholesterolemia (2004)

Small, dense LDL particles have been associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease, and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) has been suggested to play a role in LDL particle remodeling. We examined the relationship between LDL heterogeneity and plasma CETP mass in familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). LDL particles were characterized by polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis in a total of 259 FH heterozygotes and 208 nonFH controls. CETP mass was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in a subgroup of 240 participants, which included 120 FH patients matched with 120 controls. As compared with controls, FH subjects had an 11% higher CETP mass. Moreover, LDL-peak particle diameter (LDL-PPD) was significantly smaller in FH heterozygotes than in controls (258.1 +/- 4.8 vs. 259.2 +/- 4.1 A; P = 0.01) after adjustment for covariates. There was also an inverse relationship between LDL-PPD and CETP mass (R = -0.15; P = 0.02), and this relationship was abolished by adjustment for the FH/control status, indicating that LDL-PPD changes in FH are mediated, at least in part, by an increase in plasma CETP mass concentrations. These results suggest that increased plasma CETP mass concentrations could lead to significant LDL particle remodeling in FH heterozygotes and could contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
Impact of emphysema on sputum culture conversion in male patients with pulmonary tuberculosis: a retrospective analysis (2020)

This study suggests that emphysema poses an increased risk of delayed TCC in PTB. Emphysema detection by CT might be a useful method for prediction of the duration of PTB treatment required for sputum negative conversion.
LONG-TERM INCIDENCE OF ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AFTER OPEN AND TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION OF THE PROSTATE FOR BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA (1999)

Open prostatectomy is more effective in overcoming urinary obstruction than the transurethral approach. No significant differences in myocardial infarction or overall mortality rates were found between the 2 groups.
A unified description of creep in pure and dispersion-strengthened copper (2002)

Abstract A constitutive model for creep deformation in pure and dispersion-strengthened copper is presented. This description reproduces the characteristic features of steady-state and constant-str...
In Vitro Reconstitution and Biophysical Characterization of OEP16, an Outer Envelope Pore Protein of Pea Chloroplasts (2000)

More than 30% of all proteins in the living cell are membrane proteins; most of them occur in the native membranes only in very low amounts, which hinders their functional and structural investigation. Here we describe the in vitro reconstitution of overexpressed Outer Envelope Protein 16 (OEP16) from pea chloroplasts, a cation-selective channel, which has been purified from E. coli inclusion bodies. Reconstitution in detergent micelles was monitored by CD and fluorescence spectroscopy. Electron microscopy showed a homogeneous size distribution of the reconstituted protein, and differential scanning calorimetry gave an estimate of the enthalpy of protein folding. First protein crystals were obtained that have to be further refined for X-ray structural analysis. The described methods of membrane protein reconstitution and biophysical analysis might prove helpful in the study of other membrane proteins.
Internal photoemission of holes and the mobility gap of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (1989)

We report the first observation of the internal photoemission of holes into the valence band of hydrogenated amorphous silicon from metal contacts. This, together with the corresponding photoemission of electrons into the conduction band, is used to directly determine the room-temperature mobility gap of a-Si:H. The effective mobility gap is found to be 1.89\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.03 eV which is 0.16 eV larger than its Tauc optical gap of 1.73 eV. The important implications of the results on the understanding of a-Si:H band structure, electronic properties, and devices are outlined.
Efficacy of Meglumine Antimoniate in a Low Polymerization State Orally Administered in a Murine Model of Visceral Leishmaniasis (2018)

Progress toward the improvement of meglumine antimoniate (MA), commercially known as Glucantime, a highly effective but also toxic antileishmanial drug, has been hindered by the lack of knowledge and control of its chemical composition. Here, MA was manipulated chemically with the aim of achieving an orally effective drug. MA compounds were synthesized from either antimony pentachloride (MA-SbCl<sub>5</sub>) or potassium hexahydroxyantimonate [MA-KSb(OH)<sub>6</sub>] and prepared under a low polymerization state. These compounds were compared to Glucantime regarding chemical composition, permeation properties across a cellulose membrane and Caco-2 cell monolayer, and uptake by peritoneal macrophages. MA-SbCl<sub>5</sub> and MA-KSb(OH)<sub>6</sub> were characterized as less polymerized and more permeative 2:2 Sb-meglumine complexes than Glucantime, which consisted of a mixture of 2:3 and 3:3 Sb-meglumine complexes. The antileishmanial activities and hepatic uptake of all compounds were evaluated after oral administration in BALB/c mice infected with <i>Leishmania infantum chagasi</i>, as a model of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). The synthetic MA compounds given at 300 mg Sb/kg of body weight/12 h for 30 days significantly reduced spleen and liver parasite burdens, in contrast to those for Glucantime at the same dose. The greater activity of synthetic compounds could be attributed to their higher intestinal absorption and accumulation efficiency in the liver. MA-SbCl<sub>5</sub> given orally was as efficacious as Glucantime by the parenteral route (80 mg Sb/kg/24 h intraperitoneally). These data taken together suggest that treatment with a less-polymerized form of MA by the oral route may be effective for the treatment of VL.