gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
EndocrinologyHormonal profile during the follicular phase in cycles stimulated with a combination of human menopausal gonadotrophin and gonadotrophin-releasing hormone antagonist (Cetrorelix) (1996)

A third generation gonadotrophin-releasing hormone antagonist (Cetrorelix) was used during ovarian stimulation in 32 patients undergoing assisted reproduction, in order to prevent the premature luteinizing hormone (LH) surge. In all patients, ovarian stimulation was carried out with two or three ampoules of human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG), starting on day 2 of the menstrual cycle. In addition, 0.5 mg of Cetrorelix was administered daily from day 6 of HMG treatment until the day of ovulation induction by human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG). A significant drop in plasma LH concentration was observed within a few hours of the first administration of Cetrorelix (P < 0.005). Moreover, no LH surge was detected at any point in the treatment period in any of the 32 patients. A mean oestradiol concentration of 2111 +/- 935 ng/l was observed on the day of the HCG administration, indicating normal folliculogenesis. Like LH, progesterone concentration also dropped within a few hours of the first administration of Cetrorelix (P < 0.005). A 0.5 mg daily dose of Cetrorelix prevented a premature LH surge in all the 32 patients treated.
In vitro replication phenotype of a novel (−1G) hepatitis B virus variant associated with HIV co‐infection (2012)

The -1G mutant HBV is more prevalent in individuals co-infected with HIV/HBV than in individuals infected with HBV alone and in some cases is the dominant virus in circulation. This mutant is created by the deletion of a dGMP (-1G) from the guanine rich homopolymer sequence located at nts 2,085-2,090 (numbering from EcoRI site as position 1) in the HBV core gene. This deletion causes a frameshift generating a premature stop codon at (64) Asn in the HBV core gene (codon 93 in the precore gene), that truncates the precore protein, precursor of the secreted hepatitis B "e" antigen (HBeAg), and the core protein which forms the viral nucleocapsid. However, the replication phenotype of the -1G mutant HBV is unknown. An in vitro cell culture model in which hepatoma cells were transiently transfected with infectious cDNAs was used to show that the -1G mutant HBV is incapable of autonomous replication and, as expected, replication was restored to wild-type (wt) levels by supplying HBV core protein in trans. Although the -1G mutation had no deleterious effect on intracellular HBV-DNA levels, high levels of -1G mutant HBV relative to wt HBV reduced virus secretion and HBeAg secretion relative to empty vector controls. Importantly, the -1G mutant HBV also caused intracellular retention of truncated precore protein in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus. Together, these effects may be contributing to the increased pathology observed in the setting of HIV/HBV co-infection.
517nm - 538nm tunable second harmonic generation in a diode-pumped PPKTP waveguide crystal (2015)

Tunable continuous wave (CW) green light generation between 517 nm and 538 nm at room-temperature has been demonstrated from a frequency-doubled broadly tunable quantum well (QW) external-cavity fiber-coupled diode laser by use of an uncoated periodically poled potassium titanyl phosphate (PPKTP) crystal waveguide crystal. Green light at 530 nm with maximum conversion efficiency of 14.8% and output power of 12.88 mW has been generated using a PPKTP crystal waveguide with the cross-sectional area of 3x5μm<sup>2</sup>. The possibility of tunable second harmonic generation in the PPKTP crystal waveguides with the cross-sectional areas of 4x4μm<sup>2</sup> and 2x6μm<sup>2</sup> was also investigated.
Impregnation of 3D Woven Carbon Fibre Preforms by Electrophoretic Deposition of Single and Mix of Non Oxide Ceramic Nanoscale Powders, and Densification of the Composite Material (2006)

3D woven carbon fibre preforms (~ 2 mm thickness) were impregnated with single or mixture of non oxide ceramic nanoscale powders in ethanolic suspensions using electrophoretic deposition (EPD). The measurement of the ζ potential of the suspension compared with its behaviour in sedimentation permits to conclude about the optimal concentration of surfactant necessary to get the most stable suspension. The experimental results were in agreement with the theoretical ones obtained using DLVO (Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey and Overbeek) theory. EPDs were carried out by applying a constant voltage between the 3D carbon fibre preform serving as deposition electrode and counter electrodes in graphite. The effect of the powder concentration on the rate and the quality of impregnation was studied. A qualitative model based on the experimental results and literature was then proposed. Experiments were not only carried out on raw 3D fibrous preforms but also on preforms with interphases. SEM and optical micrographies of fractured and polished sections of the infiltrated fabrics revealed that a quite high degree of infiltration (rates of impregnation estimated between 50 and 70 %) was obtained. At last, the composite was densified using spark plasma sintering (SPS).
TEST DRIVES UNDER DIAZEPAM MEDICATION IN THE DAIMLER-BENZ DRIVING SIMULATOR (1990)

The object of this study was to examine driving behavior under acute medication with diazepam using the Daimler-Benz driving simulator. For this purpose, 60 male students were divided into three groups, two groups receiving different doses of the medication, the control group none.The 20 minute test drive in the simulator comprised ten different scenarios, including some that placed high demands on the subjects. The level of active substance was measured before and after the test drive. No significant differences were found between the three groups for any of the variables considered in the ten scenarios or in the psychometric performance tests. The results led to the hypothesis that driving ability was neither directly nor solely dependent on the dose of diazepam but rather, that compensatory mechanisms can take effect in certain dosage ranges.
Calcium and cyclic adenosine monophosphate as second messengers for vasopressin in the rat inner medullary collecting duct. (1988)

(a) Cyclic AMP is the second messenger that mediates the urea permeability response to vasopressin in the rat terminal IMCD. (b) Vasopressin increases the intracellular calcium concentration in the rat terminal IMCD, but the physiological role of this response is not yet known.
Speed-Dial (2017)

Sighted people can browse the Web almost exclusively using a mouse. This is because web browsing mostly entails pointing and clicking on some element in the web page, and these two operations can be done almost instantaneously with a computer mouse. Unfortunately, people with vision impairments cannot use a mouse as it only provides visual feedback through a cursor. Instead, they are forced to go through a slow and tedious process of building a mental map of the web page, relying primarily on a screen reader's keyboard shortcuts and its serial audio readout of the textual content of the page, including metadata. This can often cause content and cognitive overload. This paper describes our Speed-Dial system which uses an off-the-shelf physical Dial as a surrogate for the mouse for non-visual web browsing. Speed-Dial interfaces the physical Dial with the semantic model of a web page, and provides an intuitive and rapid access to the entities and their content in the model, thereby bringing blind people's browsing experience closer to how sighted people perceive and interact with the Web. A user study with blind participants suggests that with Speed-Dial they can quickly move around the web page to select content of interest, akin to pointing and clicking with a mouse.
Intelligent Placement of Datacenters for Internet Services (2011)

Popular Internet services are hosted by multiple geographically distributed data centers. The location of the data centers has a direct impact on the services' response times, capital and operational costs, and (indirect) carbon dioxide emissions. Selecting a location involves many important considerations, including its proximity to population centers, power plants, and network backbones, the source of the electricity in the region, the electricity, land, and water prices at the location, and the average temperatures at the location. As there can be many potential locations and many issues to consider for each of them, the selection process can be extremely involved and time-consuming. In this paper, we focus on the selection process and its automation. Specifically, we propose a framework that formalizes the process as a non-linear cost optimization problem, and approaches for solving the problem. Based on the framework, we characterize areas across the United States as potential locations for data centers, and delve deeper into seven interesting locations. Using the framework and our solution approaches, we illustrate the selection trade offs by quantifying the minimum cost of (1) achieving different response times, availability levels, and consistency times, and (2) restricting services to green energy and chiller-less data centers. Among other interesting results, we demonstrate that the intelligent placement of data centers can save millions of dollars under a variety of conditions. We also demonstrate that the selection process is most efficient and accurate when it uses a novel combination of linear programming and simulated annealing.
A Review on Building Integrated Photovoltaic Façade Customization Potentials (2017)

Technological advancement in Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) has converted the building façade into a renewable energy-based generator. The BIPV façade is designed to provide energy generation along with conventional design objectives such as aesthetics and environmental control. The challenge however, is that architectural design objectives sometimes conflict with energy performance, such as the provision of view and daylight versus maximum power output. In innovative cases, the characteristics of conventional BIPV façades have been modified by researchers to address such conflicts through customization as an emerging trend in BIPV façade design. Although extensive reviews exist on BIPV product types, design integration, adoption barriers and performance issues, research on BIPV customization has not been reviewed as a solution to BIPV adoption. This paper seeks to review the potential of BIPV façade customization as a means of enhancing BIPV adoption. The current paper identifies customization parameters ranging from the customization category, level, and strategies, and related architectural potential along with an assessment of their impact. The findings reflect that elemental and compositional level customization using combined customization strategies provide enhanced BIPV products. These products are well integrated for both energy generation and aesthetic applications with a power output increase of up to 80% in some cases. The paper concludes that a wide range of BIPV adoption barriers such as aesthetics, architectural integration, and performance can be overcome by appropriate BIPV customization.
Overexpression of a stress‐inducible aldehyde dehydrogenase gene from <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> in transgenic plants improves stress tolerance (2003)

In plants, oxidative stress is one of the major causes of damage as a result of various environmental stresses. Oxidative stress is primarily because of the excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The amplification of ROS damage is further stimulated by the accumulation of toxic degradation products, i.e. aldehydes, arising from reactions of ROS with lipids and proteins. Previously, the isolation of dehydration-inducible genes encoding aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) was reported from the desiccation-tolerant plant Craterostigma plantagineum and Arabidopsis thaliana. ALDHs belong to a family of NAD(P)+-dependent enzymes with a broad substrate specificity that catalyze the oxidation of various toxic aldehydes to carboxylic acids. Analysis of transcript accumulation revealed that Ath-ALDH3 is induced in response to NaCl, heavy metals (Cu2+ and Cd2+), and chemicals that induce oxidative stress (methyl viologen (MV) and H2O2). To investigate the physiological role and possible involvement of ALDHs in stress protection, we generated transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing Ath-ALDH3. Transgenic lines show improved tolerance when exposed to dehydration, NaCl, heavy metals (Cu2+ and Cd2+), MV, and H2O2. Tolerance of transgenic plants is correlated with decreased accumulation of lipid peroxidation-derived reactive aldehydes (as measured by malondialdehyde) compared to wild-type plants. Increased activity of Ath-ALDH3 appears to constitute a detoxification mechanism that limits aldehyde accumulation and oxidative stress, thus revealing a novel pathway of detoxification in plants. We suggest that Ath-ALDH3 could be used to obtain plants with tolerance to diverse environmental stresses.
EFFECT OF LOW POWER LASER IRRADIATION ON NOCICEPTIVE CELLS IN HIRUDO MEDICINALIS (1988)

The effect of low power Helium-Neon (He-Ne) and Gallium-Arsenide (Ga-As) laser on the nociceptors in Hirudo medicinalis was studied. The results show that low power laser irradiation does not: affect the membrane potential or the excitability of the nociceptive neurons, affect the mechanical pressure required to activate the nociceptors or their action potentials. The results indicate that the analgesic effects reported in humans with "laser-acupuncture" with similar modes of low power laser are likely not explained by effects on nervous tissue.
Effects of induced charge in the kinestatic charge detector (1995)

The principle of the kinestatic charge detector (KCD) for digital radiography depends on the synchronization of the scan velocity of a parallel plate drift chamber with the cation drift velocity. Compared with line-beam scanners, this motion-compensated imaging technique makes better use of the x-ray tube output. A Frisch grid traditionally has been used within the KCD to minimize unwanted signal contributions from both cations and negative charge carriers during irradiation. In this work the charge induction process in a parallel plate geometry was investigated for the special case of the KCD. In the limit of infinite plates, the cathode charge density due to both cations and negative charge carriers increases quadratically in time for a kinestatically scanned narrow slit. In the KCD the cathode is segmented into an array of narrow electrodes, each aligned with the incident x-ray beam. Our conformal mapping computation determined that the shape of the induced charge signal depends critically on delta x/w, the ratio of electrode width to drift gap. Our conclusion introduces the possibility of eliminating the Frisch grid from the KCD design because the value of delta x/w required for transverse sampling in the KCD is sufficiently low as to allow "self-gridding" to take effect.
Closed Loop Degaussing System Applied to a Double Hull Submarine Mock-up (2009)

International audience
Evidence for a novel DNA damage binding protein in human cells. (1996)

We describe a novel DNA damage binding activity in nuclear extracts from a normal human fibroblast cell strain. This protein was identified using electrophoretic mobility shift assays of immunopurified UV-irradiated oligonucleotide substrates containing a single, site-specific cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer or a pyrimidine (6-4) pyrimidinone photoproduct. Compared with the (6-4) photoproduct, which displayed similar levels of binding in double and single-stranded substrates, the protein showed somewhat lower affinity for the cyclobutane dimer in a single-stranded oligonucleotide and negligible binding in double-stranded DNA. The specificity and magnitude of binding was similar in cells with normal excision repair (GM637) and repair-deficient cells from xeroderma pigmentosum groups A (XP12RO) and E (XP2RO). An apparent molecular mass of 66 kDa consisting of two subunits of approximately 22 and approximately 44 kDa was determined by Southwestern analysis. Cell cycle studies using centrifugal cell elutriation indicated that the binding activity was significantly greater in G1 phase compared with S phase in a human lymphoblast cell line. Gel supershift analysis using an anti-replication protein A antibody showed that the binding protein was not antigenically related to the human single-stranded binding protein. Taken together, these data suggest that this activity represents a novel DNA damage binding protein that, in addition to a putative role in excision repair, may also function in cell cycle or gene regulation.
Acoustic-based proton range verification in heterogeneous tissue: simulation studies (2017)

Acoustic-based proton range verification (protoacoustics) is a potential in vivo technique for determining the Bragg peak position. Previous measurements and simulations have been restricted to homogeneous water tanks. Here, a CT-based simulation method is proposed and applied to a liver and prostate case to model the effects of tissue heterogeneity on the protoacoustic amplitude and time-of-flight range verification accuracy. For the liver case, posterior irradiation with a single proton pencil beam was simulated for detectors placed on the skin. In the prostate case, a transrectal probe measured the protoacoustic pressure generated by irradiation with five separate anterior proton beams. After calculating the proton beam dose deposition, each CT voxel's material properties were mapped based on Hounsfield Unit values, and thermoacoustically-generated acoustic wave propagation was simulated with the k-Wave MATLAB toolbox. By comparing the simulation results for the original liver CT to homogenized variants, the effects of heterogeneity were assessed. For the liver case, 1.4 cGy of dose at the Bragg peak generated 50 mPa of pressure (13 cm distal), a 2× lower amplitude than simulated in a homogeneous water tank. Protoacoustic triangulation of the Bragg peak based on multiple detector measurements resulted in 0.4 mm accuracy for a δ-function proton pulse irradiation of the liver. For the prostate case, higher amplitudes are simulated (92-1004 mPa) for closer detectors (<8 cm). For four of the prostate beams, the protoacoustic range triangulation was accurate to ⩽1.6 mm (δ-function proton pulse). Based on the results, application of protoacoustic range verification to heterogeneous tissue will result in decreased signal amplitudes relative to homogeneous water tank measurements, but accurate range verification is still expected to be possible.
Thermal Lensing in Diode-Pumped Ytterbium Lasers - Part I: Theoretical analysis and wavefront measurements (2004)

International audience
Low-Temperature Plasma Behavior in the Vicinity of a Cylindrical Probe (2011)

An image of low-temperature plasma behavior in the vicinity of a cylindrical probe is presented and described in this paper. The probe comprises two cylindrical objects-a collective area and an insulated holder-placed on a common axis. The figure presents three macroscopic quantities: the distribution of the intensity of electric field, the concentration of electrons, and its gradient in the vicinity of the probe. Input data were obtained by the computation of a computer model based on a hybrid modeling technique.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Chemical Properties of PCA, an Unusual Amino Acid in Luzopeptins. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Phospholipid-stimulated protein kinase in plants (1989)

In membrane fractions from zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.) hypocotyls, catalytic properties of a platelet-activating factor (PAF)-activated protein kinase were investigated. In the presence of [ethylenebis(oxyethylenenitrilo)]tetraacetic acid, phosphorylation of a 55-kDa membrane polypeptide and, to a lesser extent, several others, including a 120-kDa polypeptide, was stimulated by PAF. The phosphorylation of the 55-kDa polypeptide was used for quantification of the PAF-stimulated protein kinase. Stimulation of protein phosphorylation by PAF increased in a concentration range from 10-200 micrograms/ml (= 19-380 microM) PAF up to 10-fold above the control. Addition of Ca2+ ions in the micromolar range in the presence and in the absence of PAF increased the phosphorylation of the 55- and the 120-kDa polypeptide. Other phospholipids and lipids tested including phorbol ester, diglyceride, mono- and triglyceride, and oleic acid were ineffective. The same lipid specificity was previously observed for the activation of ATP-dependent H+ transport in microsomes (Scherer, G.F.E., Martiny-Baron, G., and Stoffel, B. (1988) Planta 175, 241-253). Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) were able to stimulate the phosphorylation of the same polypeptides as PAF and H+ transport but both to a lesser extent (PAF greater than LPC greater than LPE). In the presence of EGTA, PAF-stimulated phosphorylation of a 55- and a 57-kDa polypeptide was predominantly associated with vacuolar membranes and those of 42, 61, 63, and 120 kDa were predominantly associated with plasma membranes. Stimulation of ATP-dependent H+ transport by PAF was found in tonoplast vesicles whereas plasma membrane vesicles had only little transport activity and, therefore, an effect of PAF on plasma membrane H+ transport could not be measured. Stimulation of ATP hydrolysis by PAF was observed both in tonoplast- and plasma membrane-containing fractions.
G<scp>ENETIC</scp> P<scp>ROFILE</scp><scp>OF</scp> A<scp>CUTE</scp> M<scp>YELOID</scp> L<scp>EUKEMIA</scp> (2002)

Understanding genomic events and the cascade of their effects in cell function is crucial for identifying distinct subsets of acute myeloid leukemia and developing new therapeutic strategies. Conventional cytogenetics, fluorescence in situ hybridization investigations and molecular studies have provided much information over the past few years. This review will focus on major genomic mechanisms in acute myeloid luekemia and on the genes implicated in the pathogenesis of specific subtypes.
Practical issues in the design of active rectifiers for AC drives with reduced DC-link capacitance (2004)

For AC drives with an active front-end boost rectifier, the DC-link voltage can be regulated with fast dynamic control and made immune to line and load variations. Hence, it is possible to reduce the DC-link capacitance and use film capacitors instead of electrolytics, thus improving the life expectancy of the drive. Typically, active rectifier control includes load power feed-forward to enhance the response of the DC voltage regulating loop to load transients. In this paper, it is shown that under certain load transients encountered in practice, the rise of the DC bus voltage is inevitable and cannot be mitigated by control. It is also shown that with power feedforward control, the limited sampling rate of the pulse-width-modulated DC link current in a practical system affects the quality of the input line currents. Detailed design and stability analysis and experimental results under several practically encountered situations are presented.