gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Helmet presence classification with motorcycle detection and tracking (2012)

Helmets are essential for the safety of a motorcycle rider, however, the enforcement of helmet wearing is a time-consuming labour intensive task. A system for the automatic classification and tracking of motorcycle riders with and without helmets is therefore described and tested. The system uses support vector machines trained on histograms derived from head region image data of motorcycle riders using both static photographs and individual image frames from video data. The trained classifier is incorporated into a tracking system where motorcycle riders are automatically segmented from video data using background subtraction. The heads of the riders are isolated and then classified using the trained classifier. Each motorcycle rider results in a sequence of regions in adjacent time frames called tracks. These tracks are then classified as a whole using a mean of the individual classifier results. Tests show that the classifier is able to accurately classify whether riders are wearing helmets or not on static photographs. Tests on the tracking system also demonstrate the validity and usefulness of the classification approach.
Evaluation of Acceptable Charging Current of Power Li-Ion Batteries Based on Polarization Characteristics (2014)

Battery polarization voltage characteristics of power Li-ion batteries are investigated at different charging rates. The polarization voltage is small and relatively stable in the middle state of charge (SOC) range, whereas at both ends of SOC, the polarization voltage is enlarged and varies rapidly. Meanwhile, there is an approximate linear relationship between polarization voltage and charging rate. Taking polarization time constant into account, an acceptable charging current curve is developed, which prevents charging current from being out of range. This curve takes polarization voltage and charge cutoff voltage as constraints to describe acceptable charging current value at different SOC. Based on this curve, the battery can be charged from 20% SOC to 80% SOC within 33 min. The average polarization and the maximum temperature rise are approximately equivalent to those of 0.5C constant current-constant voltage charging method. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed charging mode can balance charging speed, charging polarization, and temperature rise.
A genetic algorithm for file and task placement in a distributed system (2002)

We explore the distributed file and task placement problem, which is intractable. We also discuss genetic algorithms and how they have been used successfully to solve combinatorial problems. Our experimental results show the GA to be far superior to the greedy heuristic in obtaining optimal and near optimal file and task placements for the problem with various data sets.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Alkaline-promoted Ni based ordered mesoporous catalysts with enhanced low-temperature catalytic activity toward CO<sub>2</sub> methanation (2017)

Mg alkaline-promoted Ni ordered mesoporous catalysts possess enhanced catalytic activities and stabilities toward CO<sub>2</sub> methanation due to decreasing CO<sub>2</sub> activation energy.
Imaging Radars for Geoscience Use (1971)

Properties of a side-looking airborne radar (SLAR) designed for geoscience rather than military use are presented. The speckled nature of usual single-frequency radar images may be reduced by averaging in azimuth and by averaging in range or transmitting excess range bandwidth. With synthetic aperture systems, averaging is possible in both range and azimuth, but only range averaging (excess bandwidth) is reasonable with most real-aperture systems. Multispectral sensing appears to offer advantages for radar comparable with those for photography, on the basis of experimental spectral response curves. Matching the transfer characteristics of receiver, recorder, and film is necessary to achieve quality images. Special techniques may be necessary to permit discriminating targets of similar radar return while at the same time allowing for the very wide total range of returns. The calibration necessary to achieve repeatable results and permit use of automatic data processing may be obtained by inserting a stepped sample of transmitter signal into the receiver to place calibration blocks on the image. Both multiple look-angle coverage with a single flight line and stereo can be achieved by use of fore-and-aft squinted antennas for alternate transmissions.
Accuracy of Methods Using Somatic Cell Count and N-Acetyl-β-D-Glucosaminidase Activity in Milk to Assess the Bacteriological Cure of Bovine Clinical Mastitis (1997)

This study examined the capability of milk somatic cell count (SCC) and NAGase activity to discriminate between quarters that had been cured versus those that had not been cured at 4 wk after antimicrobial therapy for clinical mastitis. The distribution of microorganisms that were isolated before therapy from 630 quarters with mastitis was as follows: 225 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, 96 strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci, 152 strains of streptococci (Streptococcus dysgalactiae and Streptococcus uberis), and 157 strains of coliform bacteria. Bacteriological cure rates were 35% for mastitis caused by Staph. aureus, 75% for mastitis caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci, 66% for mastitis caused by streptococci, and 72% for mastitis caused by coliforms. Diagnostic accuracy of milk SCC and NAGase and their interquarter ratios for predicting bacteriological status of the control samples was assessed by calculating sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy and by means of receiver operating characteristic analysis. The efficiency of milk SCC and NAGase for predicting bacteriological cure was greatest for cows that had been infected with Staph. aureus. The main problem in detecting coagulase-negative staphylococci was low sensitivity, and the main problem in detecting streptococci and coliforms was low specificity. Receiver operating characteristic analysis is not completely suitable for the detection of mastitis because reference method bacteriology and indirect tests can never fully agree. To assess the recovery of cows from mastitis caused by Staph. aureus, bacteriology should be supplemented with an examination of milk SCC or NAGase activity at threshold values such as those presented here.
Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM): novel biological insights and development of early treatment strategies (2011)

Monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (MGUS) and smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) are asymptomatic plasma cell dyscrasias, with a propensity to progress to symptomatic MM. In recent years there have been improvements in risk stratification models (involving molecular markers) of both disorders, which have led to better understanding of the biology and probability of progression of MGUS and SMM. In the context of numerous molecular events and heterogeneous risk of progression, developing individualized risk profiles for patients with MGUS and SMM represents an ongoing challenge that has to be addressed by prospective clinical monitoring and extensive correlative science. In this review we discuss the current standard of care of patients with MGUS and SMM, the use of risk models, including flow cytometry and free-light chain analyses, for predicting risk of progression. Emerging evidence from molecular studies on MGUS and SMM, involving cytogenetics, gene-expression profiling, and microRNA as well as molecular imaging is described. Finally, future directions for improving individualized management of MGUS and SMM patients, as well as the potential for developing early treatment strategies designed to delay and prevent development of MM are discussed.
Deicing Concrete Pavement Containing Carbon Black/Carbon Fiber Conductive Lightweight Concrete Composites (2011)

The electrical and mechanical performance of carbon fiber (CF)/carbon black (CB) lightweight concrete (LWC) depends on CF content, preparation method and sand ratio. As CB content is 0.83 vol.%, CF content is more than 0.49 vol.%, and resistivity of CF/CB LWC is less than 102 Ω·cm, Compressive strength and flexural strength reach more than 30 MPa and 5 MPa, respectively. Results show that using a new type of CF mat to prepare CF/CB LWC is an effective method. An experimental pavement model set up in the field using CF/CB LWC can melt snow in real time in spite the snowfall is about 10mm/h.
Enhancement of probabilistic attack graphs for accurate cyber security monitoring (2017)

Timely and adequate response on the computer security incidents depends on the accurate monitoring of the security situation. The paper investigates the task of refinement of the attack models in the form of attack graphs. It considers some challenges of attack graph generation and possible solutions, including: inaccuracies in specifying the pre- and postconditions of attack actions, processing of cycles in graphs to apply the Bayesian methods for attack graph analysis, mapping of incidents on attack graph nodes, and automatic countermeasure selection for the nodes under the risk. The software prototype that implements suggested solutions is briefly specified. The influence of the modifications on the security monitoring is shown on a case study, and the results of experiments are described.
Failure-awareness and dynamic adaptation in data scheduling (2008)

Over the years, scientific applications have become more complex and more data intensive. Especially large scale simulations and scientific experiments in areas such as physics, biology, astronomy and earth sciences demand highly distributed resources to satisfy excessive computational requirements. Increasing data requirements and the distributed nature of the resources made I/O the major bottleneck for end-to-end application performance. Existing systems fail to address issues such as reliability, scalability, and efficiency in dealing with wide area data access, retrieval and processing. In this study, we explore data-intensive distributed computing and study challenges in data placement in distributed environments. After analyzing different application scenarios, we develop new data scheduling methodologies and the key attributes for reliability, adaptability and performance optimization of distributed data placement tasks. Inspired by techniques used in microprocessor and operating system architectures, we extend and adapt some of the known low-level data handling and optimization techniques to distributed computing. Two major contributions of this work include (i) a failure-aware data placement paradigm for increased fault-tolerance, and (ii) adaptive scheduling of data placement tasks for improved end-to-end performance. The failure-aware data placement includes early error detection, error classification, and use of this information in scheduling decisions for the prevention of and recovery from possible future errors. The adaptive scheduling approach includes dynamically tuning data transfer parameters over wide area networks for efficient utilization of available network capacity and optimized end-to-end data transfer performance.
Cutaneous Field Stimulation in the Treatment of Severe Itch (2001)

Cutaneous field stimulation is an effective alternative for the treatment of localized itching. The reduction in itching is accompanied by degeneration of the epidermal nerve fibers, as evidenced by the loss of protein gene product 9.5 immunoreactivity.
Direction finding for multiuser correlated signals based on spatial signature estimation in cyclic cumulant domain (2003)

In a smart antenna system (SAS), direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation is one of the key issues in implementing SDMA. In this paper, we propose a multiuser spatial signature estimation algorithm, and apply it to DOA estimation for multiuser correlated sources in SAS. The algorithm constructs a new matrix called spatial signature matrix (SS Matrix) in cyclic cumulant domain, and estimates multiuser spatial signature through the decomposition of the SS Matrix. By exploiting the eigen-structure of the forward and backward smoothed covariance matrix of the estimated spatial signature, DOA of cochannel multiuser can be found, and the algorithm automatically groups them for each user. The validity of the algorithm is demonstrated by computer simulation.
Institute Doings (1949)

If the idea works out well there will be a joint meeting of the Member Societies of the Institute in the year 1951.
Cleanability of Smooth- and Hairy-Leaf Cottons Quality Effects (1989)

ABSTRACT The quantity of foreign matter removed by individual stages of gin cleaning was evaluated in a study that included two varieties each of the smooth- and hairy-leaf type. Foreign matter removed by each cleaner in the gin was collected and weighed. Eighteen percent more foreign matter, by weight, was removed by the seed cotton cleaners for smooth-leaf cottons when compared to hairy-leaf cottons. Overall cleanability for the entire ginning system was 6.3 percentage points greater for the smooth-leaf type as compared to the hairy-leaf type and fmal lint foreign matter levels were 3.2% and 4.4%, respectively. A $7.50 per 227 kg (500 lb) bale increase was achieved from smooth-leaf cottons as compared to hairy-leaf cottons when both were grown, spindle harvested, and ginned in the same manner.
El borrador de la instrucción EHE-08: implicaciones en la edificación existente (2008)

espanolEs sabido que la Instruccion de Hormigon Estructural contempla aquellos aspectos dirigidos especialmente al proyecto y ejecucion de estructuras de hormigon armado y pretensado para obra nueva. No obstante, hay aspectos que pueden facilmente trasladarse a las diagnosis o intervenciones en las estructuras de los edificios existentes. catalaEs sabut que la Instruccio de Formigo Estructural contempla aquells aspectes dirigits especialment al projecte i a l’execucio d’estructures de formigo armat i pretesat per a obra nova. No obstant aixo, hi ha aspectes que poden traslladar-se facilment a les diagnosis o intervencions en les estructures dels edificis existents.
Olaf H. Schumann. Der Christus der Muslime. Christologische Aspekte in der arabisch-islamischen Literatur (1990)

Monnot Guy. Olaf H. Schumann. Der Christus der Muslime. Christologische Aspekte in der arabisch-islamischen Literatur. In: Revue de l'histoire des religions, tome 207, n°2, 1990. pp. 208-209.
Models of machines and computation for mapping in multicomputers (1993)

article Free Access Share on Models of machines and computation for mapping in multicomputers Authors: Michael G. Norman View Profile , Peter Thanisch View Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM Computing SurveysVolume 25Issue 3pp 263–302https://doi.org/10.1145/158439.158908Published:01 September 1993Publication History 127citation1,169DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations127Total Downloads1,169Last 12 Months28Last 6 weeks3 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Reducing Antenna Visual Signature Using Meta-Materials (2006)

The current as well as planned family of Army vehicles requires multiple antennas to meet the growing communications requirements and therefore exhibit a significantly large visual signature. Antenna size is dictated by frequency and the lower the frequency, the larger the antenna. At VHF and UHF frequencies, the primary military tactical communication bands, antennas have a significant visual signature. The visual signature exhibited by these antennas increases the vulnerability of the platforms. Low profile and conformal antenna technologies have a great potential to reduce or even eliminate antenna visual signatures thereby having a significant effect on vehicle survivability. In this paper, we propose a technique for significantly reducing the antenna visual signature. This technique involves printing the antenna on a high Reactive Impedance Surface (RIS) permittivity substrate or Meta-Material. We have chosen the UHF Enhanced Position Location Radio System (EPRLS) AS- 3449 antenna, a 1-meter whip structure as a baseline for this research. The proposed technique uses known patch antenna geometries as the antenna radiation elements with a substantially reduced signature while retaining the radiation characteristics of the EPLRS antenna. We present a computer model of the antenna with computer simulation results along with the antenna prototype with the experimental results.
An Adaptive Route Optimization Scheme for Mobile IP Networks (2005)

In mobile IP, a triangular routing problem usually leads to additional delays and non-seamless handoff, which causes the loss of a large amount of in-fly packets. In this paper we propose an adaptive route optimization scheme that considers the seamless handoff and mobility rate. The proposed scheme adopts the mobile routing table scheme and includes an efficient cost function. The cost function is a trade-off between network resources utilized by the routing path and overhead incurred by route optimization. The primary idea is to adaptively determine when to perform route optimization. The effect of the mobility rate and the cell sojourn time of a mobile node are studied. Both new call and handoff call are considered in the cost calculation. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can effectively reduce the signaling cost.
Development of cavity ring-down ellipsometry with spectral and submicrosecond time resolution (2011)

Cavity-enhanced ellipsometry, using nanosecond pulsed lasers and without moving parts, is demonstrated to have submicrosecond time resolution. The ellipsometric phase angles are measured from the Fourier transform of the cavity ring-down experimental signals, with a sensitivity 0.01 degrees. The technique is applied to highly reflective surfaces, including total internal reflection, where the samples are placed within the evanescent wave. The technique can be generalized to broadband sources, such as from supercontinuum generation, allowing spectral resolution of thin films and monolayer samples.
Megavolume Autologous Fat Transfer (2014)

This article describes the theory and principles behind the authors' success in megavolume (250-ml range) autologous fat transfer to the breasts. When large volumes are grafted into a tight space, the interstitial fluid pressure increases to impair capillary blood flow and the crowded graft droplets coalesce into lakes, with poor graft-to-recipient interface. These factors have historically restricted the volume of fat that can be grafted into small recipient breasts. The decreased interface increases the distance oxygen must diffuse to reach the grafted adipocytes, causing central necrosis to occur before neovascularization. The increased interstitial fluid pressure reduces capillary radius, reducing oxygen delivery to grafted adipose tissue. The Brava external expansion device harnesses the regenerative capabilities of mechanical forces to preoperatively increase the volume and vascularity of the recipient site, allowing megavolumes of fat to be grafted diffusely without significantly decreasing graft-to-recipient interface or increasing interstitial fluid pressure. The application of these principles has allowed the authors to successfully graft megavolumes of fat into the breasts of over 1000 patients with substantial long-term retention.
Bioreactors for lignocellulose conversion into fermentable sugars for production of high added value products (2015)

Lignocellulosic biomasses derived from dedicated crops and agro-industrial residual materials are promising renewable resources for the production of fuels and other added value bioproducts. Due to the tolerance to a wide range of environments, the dedicated crops can be cultivated on marginal lands, avoiding conflict with food production and having beneficial effects on the environment. Besides, the agro-industrial residual materials represent an abundant, available, and cheap source of bioproducts that completely cut out the economical and environmental issues related to the cultivation of energy crops. Different processing steps like pretreatment, hydrolysis and microbial fermentation are needed to convert biomass into added value bioproducts. The reactor configuration, the operative conditions, and the operation mode of the conversion processes are crucial parameters for a high yield and productivity of the biomass bioconversion process. This review summarizes the last progresses in the bioreactor field, with main attention on the new configurations and the agitation systems, for conversion of dedicated energy crops (Arundo donax) and residual materials (corn stover, wheat straw, mesquite wood, agave bagasse, fruit and citrus peel wastes, sunflower seed hull, switchgrass, poplar sawdust, cogon grass, sugarcane bagasse, sunflower seed hull, and poplar wood) into sugars and ethanol. The main novelty of this review is its focus on reactor components and properties.
Regularized Image Reconstruction Algorithms for Positron Emission Tomography (2004)

We develop algorithms for obtaining regularized estimates of emission means in positron emission tomography. The first algorithm iteratively minimizes a penalized maximum-likelihood (PML) objective function. It is based on standard de-coupled surrogate functions for the ML objective function and de-coupled surrogate functions for a certain class of penalty functions. As desired, the PML algorithm guarantees nonnegative estimates and monotonically decreases the PML objective function with increasing iterations. The second algorithm is based on an iteration dependent, de-coupled penalty function that introduces smoothing while preserving edges. For the purpose of making comparisons, the MLEM algorithm and a penalized weighted least-squares algorithm were implemented. In experiments using synthetic data and real phantom data, it was found that, for a fixed level of background noise, the contrast in the images produced by the proposed algorithms was the most accurate.
Boosting for tumor classification with gene expression data (2003)

Software for the modified boosting algorithms as well as for decision trees is available for free in R at http://stat.ethz.ch/~dettling/boosting.html.
Analyzing heavy ends of crude. [370 to 535/sup 0/C distillate] (1973)

To obtain compositional information on both hydrocarbon and nonhydrocarbon components of crude oil and to develop suitable analytical methods applicable to any crude oil, the Bureau of Mines, through American Petroleum Institute Research Project 60 (API) RP 60), is studying in some detail the higher boiling fractions of five crude oils of different chemical composition and geological origin. To effectively process and use the heavy ends of petroleum it is necessary to develop suitable separation and characterization procedures not currently available. A systematic procedure developed by the Bureau of Mines uses techniques such as isothermal and molecular distillation, chemical treatment, silica-alumina gel chromatography, gel permeation chromatography and spectrometry. Using these techniques, the Bureau reports herein a detailed separation and characterization of 370/sup 0/ to 535/sup 0/C distillate from Gach Saran, Iran, crude oil. Such a systematic procedure, applicable to any crude oil, should be of value in selecting feedstocks and optimizing petroleum processing operations.