gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Local Learning in Memristive Neural Networks for Pattern Reconstruction (2021)

Resistive devices such as memristors have attracted the researchers' attention as fundamental computing elements. The prime objective of this work is to provide a simulated analogue computing platform based on memristor devices and recurrent neural networks that exploits the memristor device conductance programmability to implement local learning algorithms. We present the application of two simple two-phase learning procedures for Dynamic Neural Networks used to solve a pattern reconstruction task. The first learning scheme is related to Energy-based models and the second generalizes this method to generic vector field dynamics, relaxing the requirement of an energy function. Experimental results show that both the two approach significantly outperforms conventional learning rules used for pattern reconstruction.
Further Studies on the Proliferation <italic>in Vitro</italic> of Single Isolated Tissue Cells (1952)

Journal Article Further Studies on the Proliferation in Vitro of Single Isolated Tissue Cells Get access Gwendolyn D. Likely, Gwendolyn D. Likely Laboratory of Biology, National Cancer Institute2Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Katherine K. Sanford, Katherine K. Sanford Laboratory of Biology, National Cancer Institute2Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Wilton R. Earle Wilton R. Earle Laboratory of Biology, National Cancer Institute2Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 13, Issue 1, August 1952, Pages 177–184, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/13.1.177 Published: 01 August 1952 Article history Received: 25 April 1952 Published: 01 August 1952
Binary Mixtures of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Display Nonadditive Mixture Interactions in an <i>In Vitro</i> Liver Cell Model (2015)

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been labeled contaminants of concern due to their carcinogenic potential, insufficient toxicological data, environmental ubiquity, and inconsistencies in the composition of environmental mixtures. The Environmental Protection Agency is reevaluating current methods for assessing the toxicity of PAHs, including the assumption of toxic additivity in mixtures. This study was aimed at testing mixture interactions through in vitro cell culture experimentation, and modeling the toxicity using quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR). Clone-9 rat liver cells were used to analyze cellular proliferation, viability, and genotoxicity of 15 PAHs in single doses and binary mixtures. Tests revealed that many mixtures have nonadditive toxicity, but display varying mixture effects depending on the mixture composition. Many mixtures displayed antagonism, similar to other published studies. QSARs were then developed using the genetic function approximation algorithm to predict toxic activity both in single PAH congeners and in binary mixtures. Effective concentrations inhibiting 50% of the cell populations were modeled, with R(2) = 0.90, 0.99, and 0.84, respectively. The QSAR mixture algorithms were then adjusted to account for the observed mixture interactions as well as the mixture composition (ratios) to assess the feasibility of QSARs for mixtures. Based on these results, toxic addition is improbable and therefore environmental PAH mixtures are likely to see nonadditive responses when complex interactions occur between components. Furthermore, QSAR may be a useful tool to help bridge these data gaps surrounding the assessment of human health risks that are associated with PAH exposures.
Optimization of In-Situ Combustion Processes: Reduction of CO2 Emissions—A Preliminary Study (2009)

Abstract The in-situ combustion (ISC) process is an enhanced oil recovery (EOR) method that utilizes fuel in place to upgrade and displace the hydrocarbons in heavy oil reservoirs. In ISC processes, air is injected into a heated section of the reservoir. Upon reaching a threshold temperature, oxygen from the injected air reacts with the oil in place to generate heat, a lighter oil fraction, steam and other reaction products such as CO2. This process drives the upgraded oil towards the production wells, but at the same time produces significant amounts of CO2. In this research project we investigate the potential of a novel hybrid ISC and CO2 recovery and re-injection process, where we attempt to maintain the advantages of the ISC process while at the same time reducing the emissions of CO2. The goal of the study is to test the hypothesis that, as long as the re-injection of produced CO2 does not extinguish the combustion front, the overall oil recovery should not be greatly diminished. Numerical investigations of a pseudo 2-D model of this hybrid ISC process, using the CMG STARS simulator, show that recycling CO2 back into the reservoir, to replace some of the air typically injected, can be beneficial for reducing the CO2 production but also for increasing the oil production. We observe that the CO2 recycled into the system dissolves readily into the oil phase resulting in lower viscosity oil and in improved production rates. The results of our numerical simulations provide justification for the proposed combined ISC/CO2-flood process. In this process the ISC provides on site the gas needed for the CO2 flood, and a substantial fraction of the total CO2 produced can be permanently sequestered in the subsurface.
Circular synthetic aperture sonar imaging of simple objects illuminated by an evanescent wavefield (2016)

This paper is motivated by the case where an underwater object located within the sediment is illuminated by a grazing acoustic beam below the critical angle. The included experimental work uses a liquid-liquid interface and vertically inverted geometry as a stand-in for the water-sediment boundary. In the super-critical regime sound in the water column refracts into the sediment before scattering. However, for sub-critical illumination a rapidly decaying evanescent wavefield is generated in the sediment near the water-sediment interface. For compact objects located in the sediment near the interface this can result in strong backscattering signals suitable for acoustic image reconstruction using synthetic aperture sonar techniques. Certain properties of the evanescent wavefield such as the vertical phase-locking behavior, the rapid amplitude decay with distance from the interface, and the low-pass filter effect have understandable ramifications for the image formation process and for characteristics of the reconstructed image. In particular, circular imaging techniques require correct placement of the imaging plane to properly focus an object; however, for backscattering (monostatic) evanescent image formation the imaging plane may be placed at the interface and the target will remain in focus regardless of burial depth. A laboratory experiment using simple scatterers is presented.
Master and slave transluminal endoscopic robot (MASTER) for natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery (NOTES) (2009)

Although the flexible endoscopy has been widely used in the medical field for many years, there is still great potential in improving the endoscopist's capability to perform therapeutic tasks. Tentatively, tools for the flexible endoscope have poor maneuverability and limited Degree Of Freedom (DOF). In this paper, we propose a surgical robotic system MASTER (Master And Slave Transluminal Endoscopic Robot). MASTER is a dexterous and flexible master-slave device which can be used in tandem with a conventional flexible endoscope. Using this robotic system, ESD (Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection) and NOTES (Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery) have been conducted on in vivo and ex vivo animal trials with promising results.
Retrostructural analysis of poly(vinyl chloride) particles (2002)

Abstract A poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) matrix of final particles is investigated by means of quasi‐elastic light scattering (QELS) and high resolution porosimetry (HRP). It is demonstrated that the QELS method is a powerful tool for the detection of various higher organized structures in particle interiors, which in all likelihood will be a difficult‐to‐process fraction of the resin. Measurements of common PVC grades revealed that the QELS records are usually composed of three distinctly separated size distributions, which were assigned to the size distribution of single macromolecules dissolved (maximum at ca. 10 nm), associates of macromolecules (primary particles, the maximum at ca. 100–200 nm), and microglobules (the maximum at ca. 0.8–1 (μm)). The properties of primary particles are presented, as well as the correlation between QELS and HRP records. Based on this correlation, it can be suggested that the pore size distribution is in fact a morphological fingerprint of individual PVC resins. Some consequences of the results obtained for the evaluation of the processsing properties of PVC are discussed.
Identification of Alkaloids and Anthraquinones in<i>Cinchona pubescens</i>Callus Cultures; the Effect of Plant growth Regulators and Light on the Alkaloid Content (1984)

Studies were performed on the alkaloid content of leaf and stem callus cultures of CINCHONA PUBESCENS Vahl with respect to the influence of plant growth regulators and light. The same alkaloids were found in the analysed tissues - with some quantitative differences. In general, a medium containing zeatin: 1 microM and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid: 1 microM gave a higher alkaloid production than a medium containing benzyladenine: 8.1 microM and 2,4-dichlorophentoxy acetic acid: 4.5 microM. The alkaloid production in the unorganized callus cultures was stimulated by light. Anthraquinones were found in all tissue cultures.
Stenting for proximal para-anastomotic stenosis of an infrarenal aortic bypass graft. (2002)

We present a case in which endovascular stenting was used for recurrent proximal para-anastomotic stenosis 11 years after aorto-bi-iliac bypass grafting for severe aorto-iliac occlusive disease. A 55-year-old woman presented with worsening bilateral hip and buttock claudication. At presentation, her resting ankle-brachial indices were 0.87 bilaterally and decreased to 0.39 on the right and 0.40 on the left with exercise. Aortography demonstrated a proximal para-anastomotic aortic graft stenosis without distal outflow obstruction, patent superficial femoral arteries, and good triple-vessel runoff bilaterally The stenosis was dilated with a 9- x 4-cm OPTA balloon angioplasty catheter. A Palmaz stent (P424, Cordis) was mounted on a 10- x 4-cm OPTA balloon catheter and deployed across the proximal stenosis. Completion arteriography confirmed adequate placement and reduction in the degree of stenosis. There was no pressure gradient across the proximal anastomosis. At our patient's 1-week follow-up visit, her resting ankle-brachial indices were both greater than 1.0 and her exercise ankle-brachial indices were 1.0 bilaterally She remained asymptomatic at 13 months. Most late sequelae of aortic graft surgery involve the distal anastomosis and are resolved surgically without complicated techniques. However, revision at the proximal anastomosis involves the aorta directly and therefore requires open abdominal dissection and aortic cross-clamping. Percutaneous aortic stenting for primary aortoiliac disease has been shown to reduce operative time, cost, and hospital stays, to improve patency and to be durable. Our clinical experience with aortic stenting for primary disease led us to consider this procedure for recurrent proximal stenosis.
Abstract 2988: DOK2 suppression by methylation induces platinum resistance via suppression of apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. (2013)

Abstract Ovarian cancers are highly heterogeneous and while chemotherapy is the preferred treatment, many patients are intrinsically resistant or quickly develop resistance. Furthermore, all tumors that recur will become resistant. Recent evidence suggests that epigenetic deregulation may be a key factor in the onset and maintenance of chemoresistance. To examine the ovarian epigenome, we first analyzed a set of 43 primary ovarian tumors and 9 normal ovarian samples. Since therapy response is a significant issue for ovarian cancer patients we analyzed the epigenetic differences that segregate with platinum response. We then associated expression data to identify genes with expression changes potentially altered by promoter methylation to generate a list of candidate platinum resistance genes. Next, we developed a tissue culture carboplatin resistance screen to determine which candidates functionally affect resistance. The screen utilized pools of shRNAs of the candidate genes to identify genes that when repressed allowed survival from carboplatin treatment, in order to validate that our epigenetics screen identified genes involved in resistance. Of the genes identified in the screen we further characterized one gene, docking protein 2 (DOK2), an adapter protein downstream of tyrosine kinase, to determine if we could elucidate what mechanism was used to increase resistance. Our analysis determined that loss of DOK2 decreased the level of apoptosis in response to carboplatin. In addition, we determined that in cells with reduced DOK2, the level of anoikis was decreased, a mechanism of possible importance in ovarian cancer where there is a large number of cells floating in ascites. Functional analysis of the DOK2 genes ability to affect resistance validates this approach to finding genes involved in carboplatin resistance. Citation Format: Elena Lum, Michele Vigliotti, Nilanjana Banerjee, Noelle Cutter, Sitharthan Kamalakaran, Kazimierz Wrzeszczynski, Sohail Khan, Nevenka Dimitrova, Douglas Levine, Robert Lucito. DOK2 suppression by methylation induces platinum resistance via suppression of apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2988. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2988
Knowledge exchange : Higher Education Innovation Fund : institutional strategies and plans (2018)

In light of these potential changes, we asked HEIs primarily
Allylation of Unactivated Ketones by Tetraallyltin Accelerated by Phenol. Application to Asymmetric Allylation Using a Tetraallyltin-BINOL System (1998)

Abstract The tetraallyltin-phenol system was mild and effective for allylation of unactivated ketones, giving tertiary alcohols in high yields. The asymmetric allylation was achieved by a tetraallyltin-homochiral BINOL (1,1′-bi-2-naphthol) system. The addition of methanol raised the enantioselectivity to afford the tertiary homoallylic alcohol up to 60% ee.
AN EFFICIENT MAPPING ALGORITHM OF MULTILAYER PERCEPTRON ON MESH-CONNECTED ARCHITECTURES (1997)

Abstract This paper represents a new efficient parallel implementation of neural networks on mesh-connected SIMD machines. A new algorithm to implement the recall and training phases of the multilayer feedforward network with backpropagation is devised. The developed algorithm is considered much faster than other known algorithms; it requires O(l) multiplications and O(logN) additions, whereas most others require O(N) multiplications and O(N) additions. In this paper we restrict the algorithm to map a neural network of a maximum of n neurons per layer on an N × N mesh of processors where N ≥ n, however, it may be extended to the general case. Time comparisons with other algorithms are furnished. Keywords: Algorithmic mappingneural networksmesh architectureback propagation
BLM Deficiency Is Not Associated with Sensitivity toHydroxyurea‐Induced Replication Stress (2010)

Bloom's syndrome (BS) displays one of the strongest known correlations between chromosomal instability and a high risk of cancer at an early age. BS cells combine a reduced average fork velocity with constitutive endogenous replication stress. However, the response of BS cells to replication stress induced by hydroxyurea (HU), which strongly slows the progression of replication forks, remains unclear due to publication of conflicting results. Using two different cellular models of BS, we showed that BLM deficiency is not associated with sensitivity to HU, in terms of clonogenic survival, DSB generation, and SCE induction. We suggest that surviving BLM-deficient cells are selected on the basis of their ability to deal with an endogenous replication stress induced by replication fork slowing, resulting in insensitivity to HU-induced replication stress.
Predicting Ankle Joint Moments Using A Hybrid EMG-driven Model (2005)

To study sport medicine injuries and their effects on human motion, accurate biomechanical models are important. For these models to characterize the response to injury, they must take into account the differences in the ways injured people move their limbs and activate their muscles. We have created a biomechanical model of the ankle that uses subject specific muscle activation as an input and predicts the corresponding joint moment (plantar-flexion/dorsiflexion). PURPOSE To demonstrate the ability of our model to accurately predict joint moments given electromyograms (EMGs) and joint position data. METHODS Three types of data were collected during isokinetic and gait trials: (1) EMG from the tibialis anterior, medial gastrocnemius, lateral gastrocnemius, and soleus; (2) joint position, (3) and reaction forces (from the ground or dynamometer). Ankle joint moment was calculated in two ways: (1) forward dynamics using EMG and joint position data, and (2) inverse dynamics using joint position and reaction force data. The joint moment determined from the inverse dynamics calculation was used to calibrate the forward dynamic estimation of the moment. Adjustable parameters in the forward dynamics model were optimized to produce a best fit. Once calibrated, only the forward dynamics model was used to predict the joint moments from novel trials. RESULTS Preliminary data were collected from three test subjects. A comparison between the predicted and the measured ankle joint moment was performed; root mean squared error was approximately 10%, and R-squared values were of 0.95, 0.95, 0.87 for each subject respectively. CONCLUSION The curve shape was very closely matched in the prediction of concentric tasks, but the largest errors were observed during eccentric tasks. Further adjustment and refinement of the model parameters should correct this. One of the major strengths of the model is that is allows estimation of muscle forces (in contrast to inverse dynamics models) and relies on a subject's actual muscle activation values (in contrast to optimization approaches). Supported by NIH grant R01 HD38582.
Acute Traumatic Fibular Bowing Associated with Tibial Fractures (1984)

Acute traumatic fibular bowing associated with angular fracture of the tibia was observed in three young adults. The fibular bowing may have had a negative effect on the healing of the tibial fracture by transmitting tension through the interosseous membrane, thereby preventing proper reduction of the tibial fracture fragments and delaying the union.
Molecular Interaction of Aqueous Solution of 1-Propanol and 2-Propanol (2019)

Viscosities (ƞ) of solutions of 1- propanol and 2-propanol have been determined in aqueous systems of varying composition (0.16-3.64 mol dm-3) at 298 K. The ƞ/ƞ0 data have been analyzed in the light of reduced Jone-Dole equation ƞ/ƞ0 = BC+1. The results in the regards to solute-solvent interaction in aqueous solutions of both the alcohols have been discussed in the terms of the value B. The result of study reveals that both the alcohols behave as the structure makers in the water. The result shows that solute-solvent type interaction of same magnitude exists in water-alcohol system.
Quantum computing with trapped ions (2006)

The paper reports on the investigation of single Ca/sup +/ ions and crystals of Ca/sup +/ ions confined in a linear Paul trap. These are also investigated for quantum information processing. Recent experimental advancements towards a quantum computer with such a system are also discussed.
Use of Geophysical Methods in Construction (2000)

Proceedings of sessions of Geo-Denver 2000, held in Denver, Colorado, August 5-8, 2000. Sponsored by the Geo-Institute of ASCE. This Geotechnical Special Publication contains 16 papers presenting recent advances in and practical applications of geophysical methods to solve construction-related problems or to facilitate the construction process. Geophysical techniques can assist the construction industry in many ways, before, during, and after construction. Preconstruction activities presented include utility engineering, site reconnaissance, and anomaly detection. During construction, geophysical techniques used as economical and rapid quality control or process control tools are represented. The use of geophysical methods after the completion of the project is demonstrated as a means to monitor the overall health or determine the causes or consequences of localized or general construction problems.
Spinal cord markers in ALS: Diagnostic and biomarker considerations (2012)

Despite considerable involvement of the spinal cord in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), current biomarker research is primarily centred on brain imaging and CSF proteomics. In clinical practice, spinal cord imaging in ALS is performed primarily to rule out alternative conditions in the diagnostic phase of the disease. Quantitative spinal cord imaging has traditionally been regarded as challenging, as it requires high spatial resolution while minimizing partial volume effects, physiological motion and susceptibility distortions. In recent years however, as acquisition and post-processing methods have been perfected, a number of exciting and promising quantitative spinal imaging and electrophysiology techniques have been developed. We performed a systematic review of the trends, methodologies, limitations and conclusions of recent spinal cord studies in ALS to explore the diagnostic and prognostic potential of spinal markers. Novel corrective techniques for quantitative spinal cord imaging are systematically reviewed. Recent findings demonstrate that imaging techniques previously used in brain imaging, such as diffusion tensor, functional and metabolic imaging can now be successfully applied to the human spinal cord. Optimized electrophysiological approaches make the non-invasive assessment of corticospinal pathways possible, and multimodal spinal techniques are likely to increase the specificity and sensitivity of proposed spinal markers. In conclusion, spinal cord imaging is an emerging area of ALS biomarker research. Novel quantitative spinal modalities have already been successfully used in ALS animal models and have the potential for development into sensitive ALS biomarkers in humans.
Shaping InAs quantum dot photoluminescence using GaAs nanoresonator arrays (2018)

We study photoluminescence from arrays of GaAs nanoresonators incorporating self-assembled InAs quantum dots. We experimentally observe spectral and spatial reshaping of the quantum dot photoluminescence by the resonant nanostructure.
ChemInform Abstract: Fulvenones and Isoelectronic Diazocyclopolyenes: Theoretical Studies of Structures and Stabilization. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.