gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rare-Earth Free EV and HEV Motor Drives: State of the Art (2018)

Nowadays, permanent magnet synchronous machine technologies are being widely used in electric and hybrid electric vehicle applications due to their features and high power densities. However and considering rare-earth material cost fluctuations and supply concerns, the manufacturers and academia are working towards the introduction of rare-earth free alternatives. The main drawback of these alternatives is their lower power density. In this context, this paper reviews the recent advances achieved to provide competitive operational features for these alternative candidates, i.e., synchronous reluctance, permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance, induction and switched reluctance machines.
Screening for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in breast cancer patients from mexico: the public health perspective Tamizaje de BRCA1 y BRCA2 en pacientes con cáncerde mama en méxico: perspectiva de la salud pública (2009)

Genetic testing for mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 has potentially important public health implications. Through judicious testing of women believed to be at high risk for early-onset breast cancer and for ovarian cancer, it is possible to identify highly-predisposed women prior to the development of cancer. Current preventive options include preventive mastectomy, preventive oophorectomy, tamoxifen and oral contraceptives. The ability to offer genetic testing in Mexico on a widespread level is enhanced if the common founder mutations in the two genes can be discovered or if the cost of genetic sequencing is reduced. It is important that a genetic testing service be a multi-disciplinary effort with co-ordinated follow-up.<br>Los exámenes genéticos para las mutaciones en el BRCA 1 y el BRCA 2 tienen potencialmente una importante implicación en materia de salud pública. A través de exámenes juiciosos en mujeres en las que se cree que tienen un riesgo alto de padecer cáncer de mama y de ovario de inicio temprano, es posible identificar mujeres con una alta predisposición antes de que éstas desarrollen el cáncer de mama. Dentro de las medidas preventivas actuales se incluyen la mastectomía, la ooforectomía, el tamoxifen y los anticonceptivos orales. En México, la habilidad para ofrecer exámenes genéticos a nivel poblacional se vería favorecida si se pudiesen descubrir las mutaciones fundadoras en los dos genes o si el costo del secuenciamiento genético fuese reducido. Es muy importante que el servicio de los exámenes genéticos sea el resultado de un esfuerzo multidisciplinario con seguimiento coordinado de los pacientes.
Adoptive transfer of autoimmune diabetes and thyroiditis to athymic rats. (1990)

We describe the induction of autoimmune diabetes, insulitis, and thyroiditis in athymic rats following injections of major histocompatibility complex compatible spleen cells. Lymphocytes with these capabilities were found in normal rats of the YOS, WAG, PVG, and diabetes-resistant BB strains, and in diabetes-prone BB rats. Adoptive transfer was facilitated by prior in vivo depletion of RT6.1+ regulatory T cells and in vitro mitogen activation of donor spleen cells. By RT6 depleting diabetes-resistant donors and using nude recipients, transfer of diabetes and thyroiditis was accomplished by using fresh, unstimulated spleen cells. The data suggest that organ-specific autoreactive cells may be present to various degrees but suppressed to a variable extent in many rat strains. The equilibrium between autoreactive and regulatory cells appears to determine the expression of autoimmunity.
An AHP-based asset allocation model (2015)

With advances in the Brazilian stock market and the improvement in its economic foundation, it has become increasingly necessary for investors to conduct meticulous planning to determine the most suitable asset allocation. The identification of the characteristics and objectives of the investor is essential to determine a suitable portfolio. An integrated approach through the analytical techniques of multicriteria decision aiding has been shown to be suitable to finance. The scope of this study is to aid in this decision-making process so as to identify the investor suitability to the assets classes and provide diversification in mutual funds portfolio. The model used to identify the investor characteristics and analyse the alternatives in the decision-making process was the AHP method, through the use of the Super Decisions software. The final obtained result, besides a better understanding of the problem, was a ranking of assets classes leading to a portfolio selection.
Fenofibrate Down-regulates Renal OCT2-mediated Organic Cation Transport via PPARα-independent Pathways (2012)

Fibrate drugs, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) agonists, are widely prescribed for the treatment of hyperlipidemia. The present study examined the effect of fibrate drugs on renal OCT2 activity in a heterologous cell system [Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells stably transfected with rabbit (rb) OCT2], LLC-PK1, and intact mouse renal cortical slices. We found that both in the CHO-K1 cells expressing rbOCT2 and in LLC-PK1 cells, fenofibrate significantly inhibited [³H]-MPP⁺ uptake whereas clofibrate and WY14643 had no effect. Surprisingly, the inhibitory effect of fenofibrate was not attenuated by GW6471, a PPARα antagonist, indicating that the inhibitory process observed was via a PPARα-independent pathway. Fenofibrate decreased [³H]-MPP⁺ uptakes through a reduction of the maximal transport (J(max)) but without effect on the transporter affinity (K(t)) corresponding to a decrease in membrane expression of OCT2. Since the inhibitory effect of fenofibrate was not prevented by pretreatment with cycloheximide, its inhibitory action did not involve an inhibition of protein synthesis. Similar to the effect seen in the cell-cultured system, the inhibitory effect of fenofibrate was also observed in intact renal cortical slices. Taken together, our data showed that fenofibrate decreased the activity of OCT2 by reducing the number of functional transporters on the membrane, which is likely to be a PPARα-independent pathway.
Applicability of an absolute quantitative procedure to monitor intra-individualbcr/abl transcript kinetics in clinical samples from chronic myelogenous leukemia patients (2000)

Chimeric bcr/abl fusion proteins are thought to be the molecular 'pathogen' of chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML). Expression levels of the respective fusion RNAs reflect disease progression as well as remission upon therapeutic intervention in CML patients. However, there is no quick and reliable method that would allow the quantitative routine monitoring of bcr/abl hybrid transcripts. A fluorescent probe-based PCR assay (TaqMan) has been described to quantitfy the exact amount of target sequences. We have established TaqMan real-time RT-PCRs for M-bcr/abl (b2a2, b2a3, b3a2, b3a3) and m-bcr/abl (e1a2) fusion transcripts as well as for beta-actin. All PCRs quantified as little as 10 copies/100 ng total cDNA. In order to investigate whether this procedure is appropriate for routine diagnostic monitoring, we performed retrospective measurements on 9 documented CML disease courses. Our data show that ongoing or relapsing CML is paralleled by increasing peripheral levels of bcr/abl fusion RNAs. Furthermore, sucessful anti-leukemic treatment is reflected by decreasing absolute bcr/abl transcript numbers. In contrast with conventional bcr/abl PCR techniques we could distinguish single positive values and gradually increasing copy numbers.
[Clinical study on tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) as a tumor marker]. (1984)

We evaluated whether assay of tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) in sera is valuable for the determination of cancer stages compared to other tumor markers such as CEA, AFP, beta2-microglobulin, ferritin, and elastase-1. The study population consisted of cancer patients (33 gastric cancers, 7 colo-rectal cancers and 15 hepatomas), 169 patients with benign gastro-enteric diseases and 72 healthy volunteers. The percentage of positive cases for TPA (higher than 200 u/l) was 61% in gastric cancer, 71% in colo-rectal cancer and 87% in hepatoma. In certain non-cancerous conditions, such as gastric ulcer (active stage), acute hepatitis and chronic hepatitis, the TPA levels were increased over the level of healthy volunteers. There was no significant correlation between TPA and the other tumor markers. Our study suggests that TPA may be useful in the identification and evaluation of cancer patients.
Soft Manifold Dynamics behind Negative Thermal Expansion (2008)

Minimal models are developed to examine the origin of large negative thermal expansion in underconstrained systems. The dynamics of these models reveals how underconstraint can organize a thermodynamically extensive manifold of low-energy modes which not only drives negative thermal expansion but extends across the Brillioun zone. Mixing of twist and translation in the eigenvectors of these modes, for which in ZrW2O8 there is evidence from infrared and neutron scattering measurements, emerges naturally in our model as a signature of the dynamics of underconstraint.
Endogenous Vitronectin and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Promote Neointima Formation in Murine Carotid Arteries (2002)

We examined the roles of vitronectin and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in neointima development. Neointima formation after carotid artery ligation or chemical injury was significantly greater in wild-type mice than in vitronectin-deficient (Vn(-/-)) mice. Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation did not differ between groups, suggesting that vitronectin promoted neointima development by enhancing VSMC migration. Neointima formation was significantly attenuated in PAI-1-deficient (PAI-1(-/-)) mice compared with control mice. Because intravascular fibrin may function as a provisional matrix for invading VSMCs, we examined potential mechanisms by which vitronectin and PAI-1 regulate fibrin stability and fibrin-VSMC interactions. Inhibition of activated protein C by PAI-1 was markedly attenuated in vitronectin-deficient plasma. The capacity of PAI-1 to inhibit clot lysis was significantly attenuated in vitronectin-deficient plasma, and this effect was not explained simply by the PAI-1-stabilizing properties of vitronectin. The adhesion and spreading of VSMCs were significantly greater on wild-type plasma clots and PAI-1-deficient plasma clots than on vitronectin-deficient plasma clots. We conclude that endogenous levels of vitronectin and PAI-1 enhance neointima formation in response to vascular occlusion or injury. Their effects may be mediated to a significant extent by their capacity to promote intravascular fibrin deposition and by the capacity of vitronectin to enhance VSMC-fibrin interactions.
Linear undulator brightness: Exact analytical treatment (1992)

In this paper it is shown that the calculation of linearly polarized undulator brightness can be worked out exactly using elliptic functions and multivariable generalized Bessel functions. The obtained results are shown to be valid both in nonrelativistic and ultrarelativistic regimes. The physical relevance of the obtained results are discussed and the ‘‘low-energy’’ corrections to the resonance condition are derived.
L-Glutamine Enzyme Electrode for On-Line Mammalian Cell Culture Process Control (1987)

Abstract Glutaminase and glutamate oxidase were immobillzed into a gelatin support fixed on a pO2 sensor. The overall activity (02 consumption) was correlated to glutamine concentrations range from 0.2 to 2mM. The sample oxygen content dependence of the signal was minimized by the support properties. Measuring time for each sample was 2 minutes including response data treatment and rinsing steps. On repeated use, the electrode signal for 0.5mM was stable for 300 assays at least. This technique has been applied in different mammalian cell cultures. Key Words: L-glutamlne electrodeenzyme electrodeLglutamine biosensor
The Influences of Clonidine Premedication on the Bispectral Index and Hemodynamics during the Induction of Anesthesia and Endotracheal Intubation with Propofol (2003)

The bispectral index (BIS) has been used as an indicator of a sedative state. In this study, we investigated the influence of intravenous clonidine 2 or 3g/kg on the bispectral index and cardiovascular response to anesthetic induction.
Light-Induced Magnetization Changes in a Coordination Polymer Heterostructure of a Prussian Blue Analogue and a Hofmann-like Fe(II) Spin Crossover Compound (2014)

Coordination polymer thin film heterostructures of the Prussian blue analogue NiIIb[CrIII(CN)6]0.7·nH2O (NiCr-PBA) and the 3D Hofmann-like spin crossover compound Fe(azpy)[Pt(CN)4]·xH2O {azpy = 4,4′-azopyridine} have been developed, and spin transition properties have been characterized via SQUID magnetometry and Raman spectroscopy. The magnetic response of the ferromagnetic NiCr-PBA layer (Tc ≈ 70 K) can be altered by inducing the LIESST effect (light-induced excited spin state trapping) in the coupled paramagnetic Fe(II) spin crossover material. Whereas an increase in magnetization is measured for the single-phase Fe(azpy)[Pt(CN)4]·xH2O, a decrease in magnetization is observed for the heterostructure. These results indicate the LIESST effect alone cannot account for the sign and magnitude of the magnetization change in the heterostructure, but the temperature profile of the magnetization shows that significant changes in the NiCr-PBA network are correlated to the spin state of the Hofmann-like SCO network.
Comparison of Three Programs of Progressive Resistance Exercise (1961)

Abstract Eighty male subjects of college age were subjected to the quadriceps (left) lift in isotonic fashion. The 80 were separated into three groups. Each group used a specific variation of progressive resistance exercise for an eight-week period. Initial and final measurements were taken on muscular circumference and strength. Data were statistically treated by analysis of variance. All three methods showed significant strength gains that were not significantly different from each other. Only the DeLorme-Watkins technique had significant circumferential gain. The traditional bulk and traditional strength methods had no significant circumferential gain.
Large gem diamonds from metallic liquid in Earth’s deep mantle (2016)

The redox state of Earth's convecting mantle, masked by the lithospheric plates and basaltic magmatism of plate tectonics, is a key unknown in the evolutionary history of our planet. Here we report that large, exceptional gem diamonds like the Cullinan, Constellation, and Koh-i-Noor carry direct evidence of crystallization from a redox-sensitive metallic liquid phase in the deep mantle. These sublithospheric diamonds contain inclusions of solidified iron-nickel-carbon-sulfur melt, accompanied by a thin fluid layer of methane ± hydrogen, and sometimes majoritic garnet or former calcium silicate perovskite. The metal-dominated mineral assemblages and reduced volatiles in large gem diamonds indicate formation under metal-saturated conditions. We verify previous predictions that Earth has highly reducing deep mantle regions capable of precipitating a metallic iron phase that contains dissolved carbon and hydrogen.
Coupling between electrolyte and organic semiconductor in electrolyte-gated organic field effect transistors(Conference Presentation) (2016)

Organic field effect transistors (OFET) operated in aqueous environments are emerging as ultra-sensitive biosensors and transducers of electrical and electrochemical signals from a biological environment. Their applications range from detection of biomarkers in bodily fluids to implants for bidirectional communication with the central nervous system. They can be used in diagnostics, advanced treatments and theranostics. Several OFET layouts have been demonstrated to be effective in aqueous operations, which are distinguished either by their architecture or by the respective mechanism of doping by the ions in the electrolyte solution. In this work we discuss the unification of the seemingly different architectures, such as electrolyte-gated OFET (EGOFET), organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) and dual-gate ion-sensing FET. We first demonstrate that these architectures give rise to the frequency-dependent response of a synapstor (synapse-like transistor), with enhanced or depressed modulation of the output current depending on the frequency of the time-dependent gate voltage. This behavior that was reported for OFETs with embedded metal nanoparticles shows the existence of a capacitive coupling through an equivalent network of RC elements. Upon the systematic change of ions in the electrolyte and the morphology of the charge transport layer, we show how the time scale of the synapstor is changed. We finally show how the substrate plays effectively the role of a second bottom gate, whose potential is actually fixed by the pH/composition of the electrolyte and the gate voltage applied.
Structural Studies on the Antibiotic Netropsin (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructural Studies on the Antibiotic NetropsinEugene E. van Tamelen, Dwain M. White, Irving C. Kogon, and A. D. G. PowellCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1956, 78, 10, 2157–2159Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1956https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01591a034RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views62Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (418 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Hierarchical modeling to facilitate personalized word prediction for dialogue (2013)

The advent and ubiquity of mass-market portable computa-tional devices has opened up new opportunities for the devel-opment of assistive technologies for disabilities, especially within the domain of augmentative and alternative communi-cations (AAC) devices. Word prediction can facilitate every-day communication on mobile devices by reducing the phys-ical interactions required to produce dialogue with them. To support personalized word prediction, a text prediction sys-tem should learn from the user’s own data to update the ini-tial learned likelihoods that provide high quality “out of the box ” performance. Within this lies an inherent trade-off: a larger corpus of initial training data can yield better default performance, but may also increase the amount of user data required for personalization of the system to be effective. We investigate a learning approach employing hierarchical modeling of phrases expected to offer sufficient “out of the box ” performance relative to other learning approaches, while reducing the amount of initial training data required to facilitate on-line personalization of the text prediction sys-tem. The key insight of the proposed approach is the sepa-ration of stopwords, which primarily play syntactical roles in
Decrease in interface states density of 4H-SiC MOS under high electric field stress (2005)

An Al/SiO/sub 2//4H-SiC metal-insulator-semiconductor (MOS) structure has been characterized using high frequency C-V measurements. By subjecting the MOS to high electric field stress (6 MV/cm), the flat-band voltage and effective oxide charge have been found to increase with stress time. In contrast, there is a decrease in the interface states density upon the electric field stress. The results can be explained by electron trapping in the complicated intermediary interfacial layer between SiO/sub 2/ and 4H-SiC.
LFCM (liquid-fed ceramic melter) vitrification technology: Quarterly progress report, July-September 1986 (1987)

Individual papers are processed separately for the data bases. This report documents progress on liquid-fed ceramic melter (LFCM) vitrification technology. Progress in melting process chemistry and glass development, feed preparation and transfer systems, melter systems, off-gas systems, and process/product modeling and control is discussed.
Support Effects of the Haptic Throttle Grip by the Friction Circle on the Driving Wheel (2013)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Recently, there have been many reports about development of Human Machine Interface (HMI) which used a visual or auditory display to improve driver assist. For a motorcycle, it is suitable to use a haptic display for rider assist, since there are many disturbances in open-air situation such as sunshine and surrounding noise. Therefore, a test vehicle based on a large motorcycle equipped with the haptic throttle grip that is connected to a motor by gear, an original ECU to control the motor, and a lean angle sensor to calculate the lateral force of the motorcycle was developed. To inform surplus driving force warning, the throttle grip, a haptic display outputs additional return torque estimated by the friction circle and ellipse with the lateral force of the motorcycle. One of the purposes of this torque is that it informs the rider to decelerate when the motorcycle state of movement is around the limit of tire grip, and another purpose is that it leads to return the throttle grip to decelerate. For both purposes, the intuitive signal which adds return torque was selected to avoid misunderstanding. As the result of riding tests, all of the riders were able to recognize the signal and understood the request from the motorcycle. It became clear that this system was able to offer the information of surplus driving force warning, and to support the throttle grip operation.</div></div>
Free radical 4‐nitrophenylation of thieno[2,3‐<i>b</i>]pyridine. Part 2: Isolation and structural studies of three samples of mono (4‐nitrophenyl) products; relative yields of the five possible isomers (2001)

Abstract From the crude mixtures of isomeric 4‐nitrophenylthieno[2,3‐ b ]pyridines ( 3 ) previously reported [1] were isolated three analytically pure samples, viz. the 2‐isomer (yellow needles, mp 258°, 3a ), the 6‐isomer (red prisms, mp 182°, 3e ), and a ternary mixture of the 2‐, 3‐, and 4‐isomers (orange needles, mp 213°, 3a:3b:3c = 1.3:1.0:0.5). The 258° compound was identified as either 3a or 3b by its 1 H nmr spectrum and definitively as the former by its x‐ray crystallographic analysis. The isomeric identities of the 182° and 213° samples were established from their 1 H nmr spectra only. No 5‐isomer ( 3d ) was identified. Semi‐quantitatively, relative isomeric yields fit the pattern 2‐ (64%)>>6‐ (14%)≥3‐ (12%)>4‐ (6%)≥5‐(≤4%). Crystallographic data for 3a are presented.