gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An analysis of the effect of gravity anomaly to attitude estimation in high-precision GNSS/INS integrated navigation systems under overturning cases (2018)

In high-precision GNSS/INS integrated navigation systems, the effect of gravity disturbance to the position, velocity and attitude estimation should be considered. The velocity and position errors induced by gravity disturbance can be corrected directly by GNSS position and velocity through Kalman filtering. The horizontal components of gravity disturbance defined as DOV can affect the roll and pitch estimation and should be compensated by gravity map products, such as EGM2008 or other earth gravity models. While the effect of gravity anomaly to the attitude estimation is usually ignored, since it is much smaller than normal gravity and can be absorbed by the vertical accelerometer's bias. However, in some special cases, such as IMU rotating around one certain horizontal axis, the gravity anomaly can transfer to horizontal accelerometers, and introduce attitude estimation error. In this paper, we analyze the effect of gravity anomaly on attitude estimation in GNSS/INS integrated navigation systems under overturning cases. A theoretical analysis in the case that IMU rotate around east-axis and north-axis to the attitude estimation is derived based on IMU error propagation functions. It is indicated that the rotation around east-axis (north-axis) can introduce pitch (roll) estimation error proportional to gravity anomaly, the yaw estimation is also be affected due to the intercoupling characteristic of attitude errors, and which more sensitive to the rotation around east-axis while not north-axis. Then, the simulation is conducted and agrees well with the theoretical results. Finally, an RLG (Ring Laser Gyroscope) IMU, which has similar quality to Honeywell HG9900, is fixed on a dual-axis turntable to access the effect of gravity anomaly. The experimental result shows that the yaw error induced by gravity anomaly with magnitude 100mGal can reach 15 arcsecs when IMU rotation around a certain horizontal axis at an angle rate of 1.5°/s°.
Misoprostol‐induced urinary incontinence (1991)

In a young woman with rheumatoid arthritis misoprostol induced urinary incontinence. The urodynamic study described here revealed a deficiency in urethral resistance which may explain the phenomenon. This side-effect may be more common than expected, and misoprostol should be administered with caution to patients suffering from urinary stress incontinence.
Syntax-Based Translation With Bilingually Lexicalized Synchronous Tree Substitution Grammars (2013)

Syntax-based models can significantly improve the translation performance due to their grammatical modeling on one or both language side(s). However, the translation rules such as the non-lexical rule “ VP→(x <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> x <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> ,VP:x <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> PP:x <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> )” in string-to-tree models do not consider any lexicalized information on the source or target side. The rule is so generalized that any subtree rooted at VP can substitute for the nonterminal VP:x <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> . Because rules containing nonterminals are frequently used when generating the target-side tree structures, there is a risk that rules of this type will potentially be severely misused in decoding due to a lack of lexicalization guidance. In this article, inspired by lexicalized PCFG, which is widely used in monolingual parsing, we propose to upgrade the STSG (synchronous tree substitution grammars)-based syntax translation model with bilingually lexicalized STSG. Using the string-to-tree translation model as a case study, we present generative and discriminative models to integrate lexicalized STSG into the translation model. Both small- and large-scale experiments on Chinese-to-English translation demonstrate that the proposed lexicalized STSG can provide superior rule selection in decoding and substantially improve the translation quality.
Unprotected freezing of human spermatozoa exerts a detrimental effect on their oocyte activating capacity and chromosome integrity (1996)

The influence of unprotected freezing of mammalian spermatozoa on their oocyte activating capacity and chromosome integrity is unknown. However, this type of sperm treatment has been used in assisted reproduction by intracytoplasmic sperm injection in cattle and humans. The mouse oocyte injection test was used to analyse the influence of unprotected freezing of human spermatozoa on their reproductive characteristics. Mouse oocytes were microinjected with intact human spermatozoa or spermatozoa treated with two cycles of unprotected freeze-thawing. Oocytes surviving the injection were either cultured without further treatment or exposed to ethanol solution to induce parthenogenetic activation. Both injected and activated oocytes were used for sperm chromosome analysis. The results revealed a significant reduction in oocyte activating capacity and a tenfold increase in the incidence of structural chromosomal abnormalities in human spermatozoa treated by unprotected freezing. We conclude that unprotected freezing of human spermatozoa has a detrimental effect on their reproductive characteristics. Our data also provide a new perspective on the stability of mammalian spermatozoa to physical factors and demonstrate the importance of detailed analysis of the stability of sperm structures for successful development of new approaches in assisted reproduction.
Detection of Bacterial and Yeast Species with the Bactec 9120 Automated System with Routine Use of Aerobic, Anaerobic, and Fungal Media (2008)

During the period 2006 and 2007, all blood cultures required by four units at high infective risk and most of those required by other units of the University Hospital of Palermo, Palermo, Italy were performed using a Bactec 9120 automated blood culture system with a complete set of Plus Aerobic/F, Plus Anaerobic/F, and Mycosis IC/F bottles. The aim of the study was to enable the authors to gain firsthand experience of the culture potentialities of the three different media, to obtain information regarding the overall and specific recovery of bacteria and yeasts from blood cultures in the hospital, and to reach a decision as to whether and when to utilize anaerobic and fungal bottles. Although very few bloodstream infections (1.8%) were associated with obligate anaerobes, the traditional routine use of anaerobic bottles was confirmed because of their usefulness, not only in the detection of anaerobes, but also in that of gram-positive cocci and fermentative gram-negative bacilli. In this study, Mycosis IC/F bottles detected 77.4% of all the yeast isolates, 87.0% of yeasts belonging to the species Candida albicans, and 45.7% of nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli resistant to chloramphenicol and tobramycin. In order to improve the diagnosis of fungemia in high-risk patients, the additional routine use of fungal bottles was suggested when, as occurred in the intensive-care unit and in the hematology unit of the University Hospital of Palermo, high percentages of bloodstream infections are associated with yeasts, and/or antibiotic-resistant bacteria and/or multiple bacterial isolates capable of inhibiting yeast growth in aerobic bottles.
Electronically distributed, computer-generated, individualized feedback enhances the use of a computerized practice guideline. (1996)

Clinical guidelines have been developed to assist with the management of patient care; however, these guidelines are frequently neglected in clinical practice. Computer-generated reminders enhance guideline use, but these systems often fail to achieve high rates of guideline utilization. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that computer-generated, individualized feedback regarding adherence to care guidelines will significantly improve clinician compliance with guideline recommendations presented through a computer-assisted management protocol. Half of the 45 primary care clinicians employed at a primary care clinic affiliated with an academic medical center, were randomized to receive a biweekly electronic mail message consisting of a computer-generated report summarizing his/her response to care guideline recommendations for the diabetic patients seen during the previous 2 weeks. Clinician compliance with guideline recommendations was the primary outcome measure. This study demonstrated that the intervention significantly increased clinician compliance with the guideline recommendations without incurring high maintenance expenses. Median compliance among the intervention group was 35% versus 6.1% among the control group (p < 0.01). Electronically distributed, computer-generated, individualized feedback regarding clinician use of care guideline recommendations is an effective way to enhance compliance with a care guideline.
Changes in lectin binding to bovine sperm during heparin-induced capacitation (1996)

Changes in the plasma membrane of bovine sperm during heparin-induced capcitation were detected by the binding of fluorescent labeled lectins to unfixed sperm. Of the seven lectins evaluated, only binding of wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) changed with capacitation. Sperm were classified into one of 5 patterns (p1-p5) based on staining with WGA, presence or absence of propidium iodide (PI) staining (dead or alive), and acrosomal integrity (acrosome intact or reacted). The major changes associated with capacitation occurred in p1 and p2. Sperm in p1 exhibited diffuse WGA binding over the anterior sperm head, were alive, and had intact acrosomes. In p2, sperm were also acrosome intact and alive, but lacked WGA binding. When sperm were incubated under capacitating conditions with heparin, there was a decrease over time in the percentage of sperm classified in p1 (p < 0.05) and an increase in the percentage of sperm in p2 (p < 0.05). When capacitation by heparin was delayed by the inclusion of glucose in the culture medium, the same heparin-dependent changes in the percentage of sperm in p1 and p2 were delayed (p < 0.05). When capacitation by heparin was inhibited by including protamine in the culture medium, the percentage of sperm in p1 or p2 was not different from sperm incubated without heparin. Heparin-induced capacitation was associated with a loss of WGA binding to the bovine sperm head.
Bone Mineral Content of the Lumbar Spine in Normal and Osteoporotic Women: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Studies (1982)

1. Bone mineral content of the second, third and fourth lumbar vertebrae was determined in normal women and women with clinical osteoporosis by using dual-photon (153Gd) absorption. 2. A cross-sectional study of 70 normal (aged 19-88 years) showed a bone loss of 44% from the age of around 34 years throughout life. 3. Longitudinal data from 59 normal women confirmed that the vertebral bone loss started before the menopause. An accelerated bone loss amounting to nearly 6% per year was seen immediately after the menopause. The bone loss of older women was slower. 4. Mean lumbar bone mineral content of 36 women (aged 48-93 years) with recent fractures of their femoral neck after minor trauma equalled that of aged-matched normal women. Lumbar bone mineral content of the women with intratrochanteric femoral neck fractures was lower than that of the women with medial femoral neck fractures. 5. Mean lumbar bone mineral content of 72 women (aged 58-59 years) with primary osteoporosis was 41% lower than that of normal premenopausal women and 18% lower than that of age-matched controls. A weak inverse relationship between lumbar bone mineral content and the number of compression fractures was found. A weak inverse relationship between lumbar bone mineral content and the number of compression fractures was found. 6. Women with lumbar bone mineral content values below the 95% confidence limits for normal premenopausal women are at risk of future vertebral compression fractures, the fracture risk being inversely related to lumbar bone mineral content.
Precipitating factors leading to decompensation of heart failure. Traits among urban blacks (1988)

Potential precipitating factors that led to cardiac decompensation and subsequent hospital admission for heart failure were examined in 101 patients in a large public hospital serving a predominantly working-class minority population. Ninety-seven percent of patients were black; their age was 59 ± 14 years (mean ± SD); on average, they were hospitalized three times in the preceding year for problems related to their heart failure. Potential precipitating factors for decompensated heart failure were identified in 93% of patients. Lack of adherence to the prescribed medical regimen was the most commonly identified causative factor and was noted in 64% of the cases; noncompliance with diet amounted to 22%, with drugs to 6%, and with the combination of drugs and diet to 37%. Other factors also related to hospitalization were cardiac arrhythmias (29%), emotional/environmental issues (26%), inadequately conceived drug therapy (17%), pulmonary infections (12%), and thyrotoxicosis (1%). Thus, the key preventive measure necessary in at least two thirds of patients centered around better adherence to drug and/or diet regimen, high-lighting the precept that better education is mandatory if we are to minimize the number of hospital admissions for decompensated heart failure.
Technological disadvantage of the digital age (2004)

Debates continue about the relative benefits, costs and risks of the diffusion of computer-based technologies throughout society and schooling. One area that has received considerable attention is gender equity. Early work on gender and computers focused on differences between male and female access and use (e.g. Huff, Fleming & Cooper, 1992; Kirkman, 1993; Morritt, 1997; Nelson & Cooper, 1997; Sofia, 1993), with concerns focused on the potential for girls to be disadvantaged. In some respects, it is arguable that problems of gender equity in schools with respect to computers have been overcome. For example, in a small study I conducted in two New Zealand senior primary classrooms in 2003, I found that both boys and girls were motivated to use computers and appeared to have equal opportunities to access computers in the classroom. The students in my study expressed a belief in the importance of using computers, and this belief can also be discerned from educational policy and media coverage. In this paper I argue that, although gender by itself no longer appears to be a source of disadvantage in terms of access to and use of computers in schools, many questions about technology, schooling and power relations still remain unanswered. I present two alternative viewpoints on the new digital age. First, I explore Melanie Stewart Millar’s (1998) analysis of digital discourse as one which reproduces the power of white, middle-class, educated, well-paid males, and excludes anything else it considers ‘Other’. Second, I review arguments that the digital age has provided sites for the transcendence of traditional hierarchies and inequalities (e.g. Spender, 1995). I conclude that, despite the discrepancies between these two viewpoints, both concur that technological disadvantage will exacerbate any existing inequality that might result from intersections of identity categories, such as, gender, ethnicity, age, and socio-economic status.
Semantic saliency driven camera control for personal remote collaboration (2008)

This paper presents a camera combo system for personal remote collaboration applications. The system consists of two different cameras. One camera has a wide field of view, and the other can pan/tilt/zoom (PTZ) based on analysis of the images captured by the wide angle camera. Unlike traditional approaches which usually drive the PTZ camera to follow the person or his/her head, our system is capable of capturing general objects of interest in remote collaboration. For instance, when the user raises something trying to show it to the remote person, our system will automatically position the PTZ camera to zoom in at the object. At the core of our system is a semantic saliency map that overcomes many limitations of low-level saliency maps computed from preliminary image features. We demonstrate how such a semantic saliency map can be computed through contextual analysis, sign analysis and transitional analysis, and how it can be used for PTZ camera control with a novel information loss optimization based virtual director. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated with real-world sequences.
Prefrontal-Hippocampal Interactions in Memory and Emotion (2015)

The hippocampal formation (HPC) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) have well-established roles in memory encoding and retrieval. However, the mechanisms underlying interactions between the HPC and mPFC in achieving these functions is not fully understood. Considerable research supports the idea that a direct pathway from the HPC and subiculum to the mPFC is critically involved in cognitive and emotional regulation of mnemonic processes. More recently, evidence has emerged that an indirect pathway from the HPC to the mPFC via midline thalamic nucleus reuniens (RE) may plays a role in spatial and emotional memory processing. Here we will consider how bidirectional interactions between the HPC and mPFC are involved in working memory, episodic memory and emotional memory in animals and humans. We will also consider how dysfunction in bidirectional HPC-mPFC pathways contributes to psychiatric disorders.
Nematic State of Pnictides Stabilized by Interplay between Spin, Orbital, and Lattice Degrees of Freedom (2013)

The nematic state of the iron-based superconductors is studied in the undoped limit of the three-orbital (xz, yz, xy) spin-fermion model via the introduction of lattice degrees of freedom. Monte Carlo simulations show that in order to stabilize the experimentally observed lattice distortion and nematic order, and to reproduce photoemission experiments, both the spin-lattice and orbital-lattice couplings are needed. The interplay between their respective coupling strengths regulates the separation between the structural and Néel transition temperatures. Experimental results for the temperature dependence of the resistivity anisotropy and the angle-resolved photoemission orbital spectral weight are reproduced by the present numerical simulations.
'Making' within Material, Cultural, and Emotional Constraints (2017)

The Maker Movement aims to democratize technological practices and promises many benefits for people including improved technical literacy, a means for self-expression and agency, and an opportunity to become more than consumers of technology. As part of the Maker Movement, people build hobbyist and utilitarian projects by themselves using programmable electronics (e.g., microcontroller, sensors, actuators) and software tools. While the Maker Movement is gaining momentum globally, some people are left out. Constraints such as material limitations, educational culture restrictions, and emotional or behavioral difficulties can often limit people from taking part in the Maker Movement. We refer to the systematic investigation of how diverse people respond to making-centered activities within constraints as an exploration of making within constraints. In this dissertation, we (1) study how people respond to creating physical objects by themselves within constraints and, (2) investigate how to design technology that can help makers within constraints. We conducted an observational study in an impoverished school in India and identified the students' challenges and their strategies for making within material and educational culture constraints. We conducted a second study with at-promise youth in Canada and identified a set of lessons learned to engage youth within emotional and behavioral constraints in making-centered activities. Leveraging our observations, we proposed Augmented Reality (AR)-mediated prototyping as a way to address material constraints. AR-mediated prototyping can help makers to build, program, interact with and iterate on physical computing projects that combine both real-world and stand-in virtual electronic components. We designed, implemented, and evaluated a technology probe, Polymorphic Cube (PMC), as an instance of our vision. Our results show that PMC helped participants prototype despite missing I/O electronic components, and highlighted how AR-mediated prototyping extends to exploring project ideas, tinkering with implementation, and making with others. Informed by our empirical and design explorations, we suggest a set of characteristics of constraints and implications for designing future technologies for makers within constraints. In the long-term, we hope that this research will inspire interaction designers to develop new tools that can help resolve constraints for making.
Pedestrian indoor navigation by aiding a foot-mounted IMU with RFID Signal Strength measurements (2010)

We present a methodology to accurately locate persons indoors by fusing Inertial Navigation (INS) techniques with active RFID technology. A foot-mounted IMU aided by the Received Signal Strengths (RSS) obtained from several active RFID tags, placed at known locations in a building, has been used. Other authors have already integrated IMUs with RFID tags in loosely-coupled Kalman Filter (KF) solutions [1], [2], [3]. They feed the KF with the residuals of inertial- and RFID-calculated positions; these approaches do not exploit the benefits of Zero Velocity Updates (ZUPT). In this paper, we present a tight KF-based INS/RFID integration using the residual between the INS-predicted range-to-tag, and the range derived from a generic RSS path-loss model. Our approach also includes ZUPTs at detected foot stances, ZARU (Zero Angular-rate Update) estimation at still phases, and heading drift reduction using magnetometers. A 15-element error state Extended KF [4], [7] compensates position, velocity and attitude errors of the INS solution, as well as IMU biases. This methodology is valid for any kind of motion (forward, lateral or backwards walk, at different speeds) and does not require an specific off-line calibration, neither for the user gait, nor for the location-dependent RSS fading in the building. The integrated INS+RFID methodology eliminates the typical drift of IMU-alone solutions (approximately 1% of the total travelled distance), accounting for typical positioning errors along the walking path (no matter its length) of approximately 1.5 meters.
Teaching the psychology of women: an interdisciplinary approach. (2007)

This paper explores the development of a college freshman level course entitled, "Psychology of Women" at the University of the Incarnate Word in San Antonio, Texas. Interdisciplinary focus groups were held that included female professors from various disciplines, i.e., business, education, English literature, biology, nursing, and religious studies. The critical question posed to the group was: In this era of globalization and diversity, what issues and topics should be covered in a class that explores the psychology of women across the lifespan? The importance of studying womanhood within the context of nationality, religion, race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, age, and physical ability was highlighted.