gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrochromic Polymer‐Dispersed Liquid‐Crystal Film: A New Bifunctional Device (2005)

Abstract Polymer‐dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) are liquid‐crystal dispersions within a polymer matrix. These films can be changed from an opaque to a transparent state by applying a suitable alternating‐current electric field. PDLCs have attracted the interest of researchers for their applications as light shutters, smart windows, and active displays. For such applications, electrochromic devices, which change color as a result of electrochemical reactions, have also become a recent focus of research. Herein, we report our preliminary results on bifunctional devices based on PDLCs that host electrochromic guest molecules. Such devices allow both an independent and fast switching from a scattering opaque state to a transmissive transparent state owing to liquid‐crystal reorientation and a color change from white (pale yellow) to dark blue, due to either oxidation or reduction of the electrochromic molecules.
Effects of penicillin on macromolecular synthesis and surface growth of a tolerant streptococcus as studied by computer reconstruction methods (1980)

Strains of Streptococcus mutans are very susceptible to growth inhibition by benzylpenicillin, but are tolerant to lysis when exposed to even high concentrations of this drug. These properties enabled this study of S. mutans GS-5 surface growth and peptidoglycan, ribonucleic acid, protein, and deoxyribonucleic acid syntheses in the absence of osmotic stabilization. Inhibition of syntheses of peptidoglycan, ribonucleic acid, and protein was dose dependent. Synthesis of peptidoglycan was most susceptible. Substantial but less severe inhibitions of ribonucleic acid and protein syntheses rapidly followed decreased peptidoglycan synthesis, whereas inhibition of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis was delayed and minimal. Computer-assisted reconstructions of surface growth zones and poles observed in electron micrographs of replicas were performed and indicated that at low concentrations of benzylpenicillin (0.03 micrograms/ml), growth sites reached abnormally large sizes and surface/volume ratios. The observed shifts in surface/volume ratio were attributed to an inhibition of the normal constrictive division mechanism. The poles of these cells also increased in size over those of the controls, but the relatively smaller change in surface/volume ratio confirmed the visual impression that the shape of the poles was much less altered than the shape of the growth sites. As the concentration of benzylpenicillin used was raised from 0.03 to 2 micrograms/ml, the ability of growth sites and poles to enlarge was restricted in a manner that most closely agreed with the extent of inhibition of peptidoglycan (rather than deoxyribonucleic acid, ribonucleic acid, or protein) synthesis. This correlation suggested that increases in cell size may be regulated by the supply of peptidoglycan precursors.
Phase I randomized clinical trial of N-acetylcysteine in combination with an adjuvant probenecid for treatment of severe traumatic brain injury in children (2017)

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01322009.
Influence of Valve Noise on Knock Detection in Spark Ignition Engines (1988)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Valve noise is one of the factors that deteriorate the signal-to-noise ratio in the detection of combustion knock in spark ignition engines by means of a knock control system with a conventional knock sensor and a higher frequency band-pass filter. It was determined that one of the principal mechanisms of valve noise increase is the eccentricity between the valve seat face and the insert seat face at valve contact in addition to excess valve contact speed. One of the reasons for this eccentricity is the offset between the centers of the valve guide and insert caused by cylinder head distortion due to fastening of the cylinder head and thermal distortion of the insert. Other reasons include excess clearance caused by the abrasion of the valve guide and stem, and valve tilt increase caused by inherent valve spring bend.</div>
Cost to Produce Cellulosic Biomass Feedstock: Four Perennial Grass Species Compared (2008)

Switchgrass has been proposed as a dedicated energy crop to fulfill long-term policy goals. Production costs were determined for switchgrass and three alternative perennial grass species for four levels of nitrogen fertilizer and two harvest systems. For the alternatives evaluated, biomass production cost per ton was lowest for switchgrass.
Southwestern Internal Medicine Conference: Medical Management of Nephrolithiasis-A New, Simplified Approach for General Practice (1998)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUrological Survey: Abstracts: Renal Calculi, Endoscopy and Laparoscopy1 Feb 1998Southwestern Internal Medicine Conference: Medical Management of Nephrolithiasis-A New, Simplified Approach for General Practice C.Y.C. Pak C.Y.C. PakC.Y.C. Pak More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(01)63901-6AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Southwestern Internal Medicine Conference: Medical Management of Nephrolithiasis-A New, Simplified Approach for General Practice." The Journal of Urology, 159(2S), p. 614 University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, Dallas, Texas.© 1998 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 159Issue 2SFebruary 1998Page: 614 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1998 by American Urological Association, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information C.Y.C. Pak More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
ICA-Aided Mixed-Pixel Analysis of Hyperspectral Data in Agricultural Land (2005)

This letter proposes an independent component analysis (ICA)-aided mixed-pixel analysis of periodically distributed hyperspectral data in agricultural land. This method simultaneously estimates the pure spectra and coverage of endmembers, such as crop and soil, from mixed-pixel data which is inevitably included in images observed from high-altitude sensors. The method is effective for agricultural management because the change of observed mixed-pixel data is distinguished into a qualitative spectral one, due to chlorophyll quantity or crop variety, and the quantitative coverage due to growth stages. This method introduces a priori knowledge which is independent of the type of crop and effective in deriving a scaling factor for the independent component (IC), estimated from the ICA process. The fundamental investigation, using hyperspectral data obtained from a crane and an aircraft, shows the applicability of the method.
Effect of parenteral nutrition on cold-induced vasogenic edema in cats (1986)

The effect of standard parenteral nutritional formulas on cold-induced vasogenic edema formation in cats was examined and compared to the effects of 5% dextrose, 0.9% saline, and 40.5% mannitol. The amount of vasogenic edema formed during a 3-hour period of fluid infusion following cold injury was quantified by a computerized graphics tablet determination of the volume of Evans blue-dyed white matter. Specific gravity measurements were taken as a measure of white matter water content. Serum osmolality, urine output, arterial blood gases, hematocrit, body temperature, and systolic blood pressure were measured periodically throughout the infusion period. Parenteral nutritional formulas and a 40.5% mannitol solution produced greater changes in serum osmolality than did 5% dextrose or 0.9% saline. Greater changes in serum osmolality were associated with larger calculated volumes of edema in the injured hemisphere and lower water contents in the uninjured hemisphere. The data indicate that hyperosmolar solutions may potentiate vasogenic edema formation when the blood-brain barrier is open.
Effect of excess Li <sub>2</sub> S on electrochemical properties of amorphous li <sub>3</sub> ps <sub>4</sub> films synthesized by pulsed laser deposition (2016)

Abstract Amorphous Li 3 PS 4 films were synthesized by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) at room temperature using Li 3 PS 4 targets with excess lithium and sulfur. Raman and X‐ray photoemission spectroscopies indicated that the Li 3 PS 4 film synthesized with a stoichiometric amount of Li 3 PS 4 target contained lithium‐deficient phases such as Li 4 P 2 S 6 , Li 2− x S and sulfur due to composition deviation caused during the ablation process. The film synthesized with a 14% Li 2 S‐excess target (Li 3.42 PS 4.21 ) contained fewer impurities, and exhibited a higher ionic conductivity of 5.3 × 10 −4 S/cm at 298 K than the lithium‐deficient film (3.1 × 10 −4 S/cm). The target composition is an important factor for the fabrication of highly conductive Li 3 PS 4 films for electrolytes in thin‐film batteries.
ChemInform Abstract: Doped Glassy Carbon: A New Material for Electrocatalysis (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Performance ofPredictors withNon-Gaussian Inputs (1973)

Thetrajectory ofa maneuvering aircraft can bedescribed by piecewise-constant-coefficient second-order polynomialswhichconstitute a non-Gaussian process attheinput ofa linear firecontrol predictor. Consequently, theontarget probability whichisdetermined bythepredictor outputcannotbeanalytically evaluated. Usingthis a priori assumption forthistypeoftargettrajectory, thestructure ofafinite-time polynomial filter isdetermined. Byusingthe go-no-go characteristic ofthelossfunction, thesmoothingtimeofthepredictor can beoptimized toyield thehighestpossible on-target probability. Theresults obtained constitute lowerboundswhosevalidity isverified bydigitalsimulation ofthesystem.Thisshowsthat, on theaverage,theyare 15percentbelowtheexactvalues. Thesimulation program isalsousedina comparative study, witha conventional predictor anda Wiener-type predictor. The results demonstrate thatthefinite timepolynomial predictor ismarkedly superior tobothsystemsforawiderange ofparameters andtheir combinations.
A particle-level numerical simulation of the dynamic consolidation of a metal matrix composite material (1989)

Dynamic consolidation of a SiC fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite is simulated using a particle-level numerical model. Simulation results are compared with the microstructure of a composite formed using a plate impact to consolidate a close-packed array of aluminum wires containing SiC fibers of the appropriate diameter to fill in the interstices approximating the geometry of the model. With respect to the observed deformation and the location and extent of melting of the aluminum wires, the simulation predictions are in good agreement with the experiment. 6 refs.
ON A NEW ANTIBIOTIC, GRISEOLUTEIN, PRODUCED BY STREPTOMYCES (1950)

Many antibiotic substances have been isolated in the field of streptomyces, and among them, aureomycin (1), xanthomycin (2), aureothricin (3, 4) and luteomycin (5) are yellowcolored. A strain which had been isolated about two years ago showed a new antibacterial spectrum which differed from those of streptomycin, streptothricin A (6), streptotjiricin B (7), grisein, chloromycetin and aureothricin. Further studies isolated a crystalline yellow antibiotic and another reddish brown antibiotic from the fermented broth. Comparing the former with descriptions of the above mentioned yellow crystalline antibiotics, the former is different from the latters. It seems to be a new antibiotic and the writers named it as griseolutein.It inhibits the growth of gram-positive and negative bacteria and it is nontoxic. In the present paper, the characters of the strains and of griseolutein are described.
The T cell receptor repertoire in psoriatic synovitis is restricted and T lymphocytes expressing the same TCR are present in joint and skin lesions. (2002)

These data suggest that common or similar crossreactive antigens present in the 2 locations are responsible for the expansion of the same TCR-bearing T cells possibly already activated by a superantigen. This supports the hypothesis that both polyclonal and oligoclonal lymphocyte activation contribute to the initiation and persistence of psoriatic arthritis.
Diffraction-focusing migration velocity analysis with application to seismic and GPR data (2004)

We propose a method for estimating interval velocity using the kinematic information in diffractions. We extract velocity information from migrated diffracted events by analyzing their residual focusing in physical space (depth and midpoint) using prestack residual migration. The results of this residual-focusing analysis are fed to a linearized inversion procedure that produces interval velocity updates. Our inversion procedure employs a waveeld-continuatio n operator linking perturbations of interval velocities to perturbations of migrated images, based on the principles of Wave Equation Migration Velocity Analysis (WEMVA) introduced in recent years. We measure the accuracy of the migration velocity by using a diffraction-focusing criterion, instead of the criterion of atness of migrated common-image gathers that is commonly employed in Migration Velocity Analysis (MVA). This new criterion enables us to extract velocity information from events that would be challenging to use with conventional MVA methods, and thus makes our method a powerful complement to conventional MVA methods. We demonstrate our method with synthetic and real Ground-Penetrating Radar data.
Facile Synthesis of Monodisperse Spherical MCM-48 Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles with Controlled Particle Size (2010)

A rapid and facile synthesis route to the monodisperse spherical MCM-48 mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) with cubic Ia3̅d mesostructure is developed based on the modified Stöber method. The phase domain of MCM-48-type MSNs can be extended by controlling the stirring rate and molar ratios of silica source and surfactant. The formation of monodispersed spherical MCM-48-type MSNs is obtained using triblock copolymer Pluronic F127 as a particle size designer. The average size of monodisperse spherical MSN can be controlled within the range of 70−500 nm depending on the amount of F127. Moreover, the pore diameter of MSNs can be precisely controllable in pore diameters from 2.3 to 3.3 nm using different alkyl chain surfactants and simple posthydrothermal treatment. An investigation of MCM-48-type MSN materials using powder X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and nitrogen physisorption clearly reveals that MSNs show high specific surface area, high pore volumes, controllable morphological aspects, and tunable pore diameters. The MCM-48-type MSNs thus obtained are demonstrated as a good hard template for the preparation of other mesoporous nanoparticles, such as mesoporous metal oxides. The present discovery of the extended synthesis conditions and the binary surfactant system in MCM-48 synthesis offers reproducible and facile synthesis of the monodisperse spherical MCM-48 mesoporous silica nanoparticles with precise structural control, and thus has vast prospects for future applications of ultrafine mesostructured nanoparticle materials.
Production of high viscosity glucans from hydrolyzed cellulosics (1978)

Several organisms tested, including Sclerotium glucanicum NRRL 3006 and Helotium sp. NRRL 3129, were able to make high viscosity glucan polymers from the hydrolysis products of naturally occurring lignocellulosic materials. Hydrolysis of the tested materials was accomplished by swelling in mild alkali for a 24-h period followed by hydrolysis in mild acid for a 30-min period at 121 C. The medium used for polymer production consisted of hydrolyzed lignocellulosic materials, salts, and a trace of yeast extract. Starch also was used as a fermentation feedstock, but was not hydrolyzed. The fermentations were performed over 4- or 5-day periods.
Deriving auseful packed cell volumeestimate fromhaemoglobin analysis (1994)

A methodisdescribed wherebythe packedcellvolume(PCV)ofa blood samplecan be estimatedfrom the haemoglobin concentration. Themethod definestherelation existing between haemoglobin concentration andthePCV ofbloodsamples andusesthemathematicalformula thusobtained toestimate an unknownPCV valuefora sampleby extrapolation fromtheknownhaemoglobinvalueofthesamesample. The methodcouldbe usedinlarge scale field studies wherehaematological services arenotavailable andwherean evaluation ofredcellstatus ofvitamins suchasfolate isrequired. gories wastaken intoaccount. Therangeof haemoglobins (andnumberofsamples) in thelow,normal, andhighMCV groups were, respectively, 72-176(n= 104);72-182 (n= 57);and63-167g/l(n= 74).No other criteria wereusedtoinclude oreliminate samples. Regression analysis wascarried out forhaemoglobin concentration against PCV. To avoidthepossibility ofbias, separate regressions wereperformed ineachMCV
Calculated Equilibria of the Methylbenzenes and Benzene from 298° to 1000° K. (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCalculated Equilibria of the Methylbenzenes and Benzene from 298° to 1000° K.C. J. EganCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1960, 5, 3, 298–299Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/je60007a016https://doi.org/10.1021/je60007a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views45Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Micro-CT imaging of structure-to-function relationship of bone microstructure and associated vascular involvement (1998)

We are exploring methods of quantitating the 3D microstructure of bone in a way that will provide quantitative information about the functional status of the bone. The basic strategy is to image the spatial distribution of a selected, local, marker of function (e.g., material properties or new bone formation) and relate this to the simultaneously imaged 3D anatomic microstructure. Many of these approaches are extensions of well-established 2D imaging techniques (e.g., use of fluorophores and autoradiography) to 3D micro-CT. Local stresses throughout the microstructure can be estimated from the 3D geometry (and change in that geometry in response to stress applied to the outside of the bones) and correlated to the local function. In addition to study of bone, we are also exploring calcification of arterial walls, both within the bone and outside the bone, such as coronary arteries. Arterial calcification in ovariectomised rats has been observed.
Sulfopropylated hemicellulose: Synthesis and NMR characterization (1989)

Abstract Sulfopropylation of hemicelluloses was achieved in dimethyl sulfoxide solution. The progress of sulfopropylation reaction was studied as a function of the dimsyl/hemicellulose ratio, reaction time with dimsyl (dimethylsulfinyl carbanion), propanesultone/hemicellulose ratio, and reaction time with propanesultone. The degree of substitution of sulfopropylhemicelluloses ranged between 0,5 and 1,1 as a function of experimental conditions. Intrinsic viscosity (0,1—0,3 dl/g) and molecular weight measurements (15000 g.mol —1 ) showed a controllable degradation of hemicellulose chains during the reaction. The NMR characterization of enzymatically degradated sulfopropylhemicelluloses indicated a homogeneous substitution along the polysaccharide chains. A significant regioselectivity for the OH‐2 hydroxyl groups was observed only for DS ≤ 0,5.
Emergency message dissemination system for smartphones during natural disasters (2011)

This paper revolves around the concept of utilizing the modern smartphone communication capabilities to transmit messages through an ad hoc network during a disaster, which renders the traditional cellular base station inaccessible. Due to dynamic and decentralized nature of the considered environment, epidemic algorithms present themselves as a suitable option for message dissemination. We consider a specific scenario and propose a modified epidemic routing protocol that could be useful during natural disasters. We develop a simulation tool using MATLAB to evaluate the influence of various factors on the performance and cost of our modified epidemic routing protocol in case of an emergency.
BLOOD FLOW IN ARTIFICIAL ORGANS – A PHYSICAL ANALYSIS (1962)

Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University and the Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania.
PARTICULATE FILMS FOR MAGNETO-OPTICAL RECORDING I. THEORY OF THE MAGNETO-OPTICAL EFFECT (1991)

For magneto-optical(MO) recording media we propose particulate films with magnetic fine particles dispersed in binders. Using effective dielectric tensor Faraday rotation θF and absorption coefficient α are calculated for the particulate films containing Bi-substituted YIG and Co fine particles. The MO figure of merit θF/α of the particulate films exceeds that of continuous magnetic films. This enhancement is prominent for Co (or metal in general) compared to Bi-YIG (or oxide in general).
Reconfigurable wavelength-selective reflector consisting of coupled polymeric microring resonators (2005)

We propose and demonstrate a novel reconfigurable wavelength-selective reflector for planar lightwave technology based on coupled microring resonators. Narrow-band reflection and strong side-lobe suppression are demonstrated in an optical polymer device using the Vernier effect
Cytochrome P450 1B1 Contributes to Angiotensin II–Induced Hypertension and Associated Pathophysiology (2010)

Hypertension is the leading cause of cardiovascular diseases, and angiotensin II is one of the major components of the mechanisms that contribute to the development of hypertension. However, the precise mechanisms for the development of hypertension are unknown. Our recent study showing that angiotensin II-induced vascular smooth muscle cell growth depends on cytochrome P450 1B1 led us to investigate its contribution to hypertension caused by this peptide. Angiotensin II was infused via miniosmotic pump into rats (150 ng/kg per minute) or mice (1000 μg/kg per day) for 13 days resulting in increased blood pressure, increased cardiac and vascular hypertrophy, increased vascular reactivity to vasoconstrictor agents, increased vascular reactive oxygen species production, and endothelial dysfunction in both species. The increase in blood pressure and associated pathophysiological changes were minimized by the cytochrome P450 1B1 inhibitor 2,3',4,5'-tetramethoxystilbene in both species and was markedly reduced in Cyp1b1(-/-) mice. These data suggest that cytochrome P450 1B1 contributes to angiotensin II-induced hypertension and associated pathophysiological changes. Moreover, 2,3',4,5'-tetramethoxystilbene, which prevents both cytochrome P450 1B1-dependent and -independent components of angiotensin II-induced hypertension and inhibits associated pathophysiological changes could be clinically useful in the treatment of hypertension and associated cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases.