gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Continued rapid growth in <sup>68</sup>Ga applications: update 2013 to June 2014 (2015)

The worldwide utilization of (68) Ga-radionuclide for the fundamental research and clinical applications is growing exponentially. A broad range of (68) Ga-based imaging agents has been explored during recent years. The development of new clinically useful agents is encouraged by many factors; for example, increasing role of positron emission tomography (PET) in nuclear medicine, discovery of new biomarkers, accessibility of (68) Ga, and establishment of PET radiopharmaceutical regulation and legislation. The focus of this review resides on the reports regarding (68) Ga-related research and applications published during 2013 to June 2014.
X-ray Diffraction and Vibrational Spectroscopy of Catalysts for Exhaust Aftertreatment (2002)

Raman vibrational spectroscopy was used to characterize surface adsorbing species during catalyst nitration and sulf ation as well as particle size effects of precious metal additives during sintering. The study of these surface species is critical in understanding the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters necessary for catalytic model development and design. In this study, the Raman response was calibrated to a known physical measurement of the crystallite size in the bulk material via X-ray diffraction (XRD) 1 and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Once calibrated, the Raman technique was used as a particle size probe to delineate catalyst degradation pathways, which are critical in developing a fundamental understanding of aging mechanisms in NOx/SOx absorbers. Background The surface area of certain active components controls catalytic activity. Upon extended operation at high tem peratures, the surface area of some of these components decreases, reducing the activity of the catalyst. Transition frequencies and bandwidths of Raman bands from the support materials are sensitive to the surface area and particle size of these active components. A change of one weight percent doping of Pt can significantly alter the Raman bands of the titania substrate or support. The observed band broadening is an indication of the relaxation process with surrounding lattice modes, and the correlation length is a function of the crystallite size of the Pt. The titania 146 cm -1 Raman band can be used to characterize the lattice relaxation and sintering effect of Pt on catalytic activity. Applications for this measurement technique include selective catalitic reduction of NOx/SOx (for TiO2 and V2O5) and oxygen storage materials (such as CeO2). This study seeks a correlation between this Raman bandwidth and the Pt particle size to other reference methods such as XRD and TEM. Experimental For this study, all samples were impregnated with Pt and calcined at 400°C. The XRD
ChemInform Abstract: SN‐OPENING OF ALLYLIC EPOXIDES BY VINYLIC‐TYPE ORGANOMETALLIC DERIVATIVES (1985)

Abstract Isoprenepoxid (III) reagiert mit der Organo‐Lithiumverbindung (II) zum Dienol (IV), dagegen mit (VI) zu einem Gemisch aus Hexa‐1,5‐dien‐3‐01 (VII) und Eninol (VIII).
Molecular mechanisms of hypolipidemic effects of curcumin (2013)

Some phytochemicals and micronutrients may directly scavenge free radicals or they may modulate expression of antioxidant genes. Alternatively, they may modulate lipid metabolic genes in tissues and reduce plasma lipid levels and thus indirectly prevent lipid‐mediated oxidative and endoplasmatic stress. Here we analyzed the molecular mechanisms by which the polyphenol curcumin may influence the elevated oxidative‐ and lipid‐mediated stress present during inflammation, obesity and atherosclerosis. In LDLr −/− mice fed a high fat diet (HFD), we found that curcumin (500, 1000, 1500 mg/kg diet, for 4 months) reduced plasma lipid levels what may indirectly contribute to inhibition of fatty acid transport proteins (CD36/FAT, FABP4/aP2) in peritoneal macrophages. Curcumin increased the HFD‐induced suppressed cAMP levels in tissues (liver, adipose). In THP‐1 monocytes, curcumin (5 and 10 μM) increased the level of cAMP and activated the transcription factor CREB. Since the cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA)/CREB pathway plays an important role in lipid homeostasis, energy expenditure and thermogenesis by increasing lipolysis and fatty acid β‐oxidation, an increase in cAMP levels induced by curcumin could be at the basis of its hypolipidemic and anti‐atherosclerotic effects, and similar to forskolin or caffeine also explain its effect on suppressing weight gain. Supported by USDA Contract #58–1950‐0–014.
Pulsed Laser Polymerization of Alkyl Acrylates: Potential Effects of the Oxygen Presence and High Laser Power (2005)

Abstract Summary: Unexpected difficulties are encountered in the determination of propagation rate coefficients ( k p ) in free radical polymerization of alkyl acrylates by pulsed laser polymerization (PLP), mainly due to intramolecular transfer to polymer. 1 This article is focused on the role played by the high laser power in these difficulties and the possible reactions of mid‐chain radical with residual oxygen. Removing the oxygen by simple bubbling of nitrogen is sufficient to avoid alteration of the polymerization kinetics of acrylates by residual oxygen under PLP conditions. Moreover, no degradation of polymer (or solvent) has been detected after irradiation with the high laser power typically used in PLP experiments. However, it has been shown that this high laser power completely prevents from having a temporally and spatially homogeneous radical concentration in the PLP cell. A model is proposed here to simulate the pulsed laser polymerization taking initiator consumption and laser energy absorption into account. According to our simulation results, this non‐negligible initiator consumption and laser power absorption can indeed have a positive influence, i.e., it favors the obtainment of a bimodal molar mass distribution fulfilling the IUPAC consistency criteria. This observation may contradict the idea that PLP‐SEC is not suitable to determine accurate k p values for acrylates above 20–30 °C. Instantaneous MMDs formed after N pulses. Simulation taking initiator consumption and laser absorption into account. image Instantaneous MMDs formed after N pulses. Simulation taking initiator consumption and laser absorption into account.
On binary codes for identification (2000)

A code C ⊆ 𝔽2n is called t-identifying if the sets Bt(x) ∩ C are all nonempty and different. Constructions of t-identifying codes are given. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Combin Designs 8: 151–156, 2000
Migraine and serotonin: The quest for the Holy Grail goes on (2013)

peer reviewed
A study of physiological roles of acupuncture stimulation in the MMP (4). Individual properties and irritability. (1990)

“温溜”電気刺激に対する個体の応答性を,“合谷”および“曲池”穴に刺針し, その反応を神経生理学的特性から検討した。その結果,“温溜”電気刺激により強さ―時間曲線が得られ, rheobase, utilization time, chronaxie とも従来の in vitro 等での成績と矛盾のない結果が得られた。刺激に対する応答性としての, すなわち被刺激性である chronaxie は, 女は男より明らか (p<0.01) に低かった。刺針刺激による chronaxie への影響は,“無処置”に比べて“合谷”刺針が“曲池”刺針より明らか (p<0.05) に短縮した。従って, これらの成績から, 臨床や研究の場において, 個体の針刺激に対する応答性を考慮にいれて, 有効性の判定などを行わなければならないことが示唆された。
Biosynthesis of riboflavin (2002)

A cDNA sequence from Schizosaccharomyces pombe with similarity to 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine synthase was expressed in a recombinant Escherichia coli strain. The recombinant protein is a homopentamer of 17-kDa subunits with an apparent molecular mass of 87 kDa as determined by sedimentation equilibrium centrifugation (it sediments at an apparent velocity of 5.0 S at 20 degrees C). The protein has been crystallized in space group C2221. The crystals diffract to a resolution of 2.4 A. The enzyme catalyses the formation of 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine from 5-amino-6-ribitylamino-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione and 3,4-dihydroxy- 2-butanone 4-phosphate. Steady-state kinetic analysis afforded a vmax value of 13 000 nmol.mg-1.h-1 and Km values of 5 and 67 microm for 5-amino-6-ribitylamino-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione and 3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone 4-phosphate, respectively. The enzyme binds riboflavin with a Kd of 1.2 microm. The fluorescence quantum yield of enzyme-bound riboflavin is < 2% as compared with that of free riboflavin. The protein/riboflavin complex displays an optical transition centered around 530 nm as shown by absorbance and CD spectrometry which may indicate a charge transfer complex. Replacement of tryptophan 27 by tyrosine or phenylalanine had only minor effects on the kinetic properties, but complexes of the mutant proteins did not show the anomalous long wavelength absorbance of the wild-type protein. The replacement of tryptophan 27 by aliphatic amino acids substantially reduced the affinity of the enzyme for riboflavin and for the substrate, 5-amino-6-ribitylamino-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione.
X-ray Diffraction and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Investigations of the Fluorite Material Y<sub>0.25</sub>Ti<sub>0.15</sub>Zr<sub>0.6</sub>O<sub>2</sub><sub>-</sub><i><sub>x</sub></i> (2002)

The compound Y0.25Ti0.15Zr0.6O2-x, to be used as an anode material in solid oxide fuel cells, was synthesized by coprecipitation. X-ray diffraction after sintering at different temperatures revealed no single-phase material up to 1500 °C but indicated two fluorites with different lattice parameters. The inhomogeneity of the material arose from a cation demixing process around 1100−1200 °C, leading to an intermediate fraction of a pyrochlore phase. After reduction in Ar/4% H2 at 1000 °C, a small decrease (about 0.1%) in the lattice parameter was observed. The electron paramagnetic resonance measurements on reduced samples showed the occurrence of Ti3+ ions in at least two sites. Possible reasons for the decrease of the lattice parameter after reduction are discussed.
A Method for Assessing the Statistical Significance of Mass Spectrometry-Based Protein Identifications Using General Scoring Schemes (2003)

This paper investigates the use of survival functions and expectation values to evaluate the results of protein identification experiments. These functions are standard statistical measures that can be used to reduce various protein identification scoring schemes to a common, easily interpretably representation. The relative merits of scoring systems were explored using this approach, as well as the effects of altering primary identification parameters. We would advocate the widespread use of these simple statistical measures to simplify and standardize the reporting of the confidence of protein identification results, allowing the users of different identification algorithms to compare their results in a straightforward and statistically significant manner. A method is described for measuring these distributions using information that is being discarded by most protein identification search engines, resulting in accurate survival functions that are specific to any combination of scoring algorithms, sequence databases, and mass spectra.
Quantum Hall Effect at 40 kelvin: Evidence of MacroscopicQuantization in\n the Extreme Soft Limit (2005)

Evidence of both fractional and integer quantum hall effects (QHE) in three\ndimensional bulk replica opal (250nm diameter) structures of non-crystalline\ncarbon are presented. In a remarkably soft quantum limit of ~ 40K temperature\nand about one tesla of magnetic field clear hall steps, such as n= 2/3, 4/5, 1\nand others were observed to be coordinated with the minima of longitudinal\nmagneto-resistance. This behavior is indicative of macroscopic quantum\nphenomenon associated with electronic condensation into a strongly correlated\nquantum liquid (QL). For other systems, such as very high mobility,\ntwo-dimensional, electron (hole)-gas or (TDEG) these effects typically arise\nunder high magnetic fields (B) and at low temperatures (T), i.e., in the\nextreme quantum limit (B/T>1). Currently, QHE is applied as calibration\nbenchmark, international resistance standard, and a characterization technique\nfor semiconductor heterostructures. We believe that applications can be\nwidespread if the devices and the operating conditions were more accessible.\n
A comparison of combination docetaxel/carboplatin versus sequential docetaxel then carboplatin in patients with recurrent platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer (2006)

5092 Background: Combination paclitaxel and platinum-based chemotherapy has been shown to improve survival in patients with recurrent platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer. However, the incidence of neurotoxicity was significantly greater with combination therapy than with other platinum-based regimens. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and adverse event profile of combination versus sequential weekly docetaxel and carboplatin therapy in patients with recurrent platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer. Methods: Patients with recurrent platinum-sensitive ovarian, peritoneal, or tubal cancer were randomized to either weekly docetaxel 30 mg/m 2 /days 1 and 8 and carboplatin AUC 6/day 1 q 3 weeks (regimen A) or docetaxel 30 mg/m 2 /days 1 and 8, repeated every 3 weeks for 6 cycles followed by carboplatin AUC 6/day 1 every 3 weeks (regimen B) for 6 cycles or until disease progression. The primary endpoint was time to progression (TTP). Results: At the time of this analysis, 51 patients, with a median age of 65.1 years, had been enrolled. There were 25 randomized to regimen A and 26 to regimen B from January 2004 to April 2005. There were no differences between the groups with respect to age, performance status, prior consolidation therapy, or anatomic site of cancer. The study is still open to accrual and thus far the overall response rate was 51% (2 CR, 24 PR) with stable disease in 26%. Median TTP was 12.6 months. The incidence of grade 2 or 3 neurotoxicity and grade 3 or 4 neutropenia was higher with regimen A compared to regimen B (15% vs. 3%; 44% vs. 10%), respectively. Conclusions: Combination and sequential weekly docetaxel and carboplatin have significant activity in recurrent platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer. Both regimens have a low incidence of moderate to severe neurotoxicity relative to that observed in other studies that employed paclitaxel. [Table: see text]
Homoscalarane Sesterterpenes from Lendenfeldia frondosa (1992)

The marine sponge Lendenfeldia frondosa, collected from the Solomon Islands, has yielded homoscalarane sesterterpenes. Two new metabolites, epihomoscalaralactone IIA [5] and homoscalarate II [10], were accompanied by two known metabolites, homoscalaralactone IIA [1] and homoscalaralactone IIB [7]. These structures were established by analysis of 2D nmr data, trends in 13C-nmr shifts, and comparison of experimental with molecular-mechanics-calculated nmr J's. Each of the alcohols 1, 2, and 3 was converted to its corresponding acetate, 2, 6, and 8, respectively. Compound 6 exhibited moderate anti-inflammatory activity.
Preoperative Versus Postoperative Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: Results of the German CAO/ARO/AIO-94 Randomized Phase III Trial After a Median Follow-Up of 11 Years (2012)

There is a persisting significant improvement of pre- versus postoperative CRT on local control; however, there was no effect on overall survival. Integrating more effective systemic treatment into the multimodal therapy has been adopted in the CAO/ARO/AIO-04 trial to possibly reduce distant metastases and improve survival.
Pressure Effects of an<i>S</i>= 1 Heisenberg Antiferromagnetic Bond Alternating Chain (2001)

By the measurement of magnetic susceptibility under pressures ( P ) up to 8 kbar, we investigated pressure effects of the S = 1 Heisenberg antiferromagnetic bond alternating chain compound [{Ni(333-tet)(µ-N 3 )} n ](ClO 4 ) n (333-tet denotes N , N ′ -bis(3-aminopropyl)-1,3-propanediamine), whose alternating interaction ratio (α) at ambient pressure is very close to the theoretical value for the gapless point (α c ≃0.59). There are two kinds of intrachain interactions due to bond alternation ( J 1 and J 2 ), both of which are increased linearly against the pressure. At P = 8 kbar those magnitudes exceed 1.4 times of those at ambient pressure. The magnitude of α≡ J 2 / J 1 , however, does not change largely. The normalized magnetic susceptibility χ| J 1 |/ k B around k B T /| J 1 | = 0.1 has the maximum value at P = 2 kbar, and this suggests the possibility of the slight changes of α and D .
Balanced Dynamic Capacitor Electrometer (1967)

The principles of a new method for the detection and measurement of potential difference are given, together with a description of a prototype instrument. The basis of the method consists of the use of two cyclically varying capacitors in conjunction with two resistors, or equivalent elements, to provide an ideal transducer. Devices based on this principle have input resistances which are limited only by leakage from the input conductor, and are suitable for measurements in circuits of very high resistance. Important features of the new arrangement are a completely passive input equivalent circuit, a short response time, and an improved signal-to-noise ratio as compared with existing electrometers.
Performance Evaluation of Active Contour Models for Carotid Plaque Segmentation (2005)

In this paper we compare four different snakes segmentation methods for segmenting the athrerosclerotic carotid plaque from longitudinal ultrasound images of the carotid artery. The accuracy and reproducibility of the methods were tested on 80 images and the results were compared with the manual delineations of an expert. The comparison showed that the Lai&Chin snakes segmentation method gave better results with the true positive fraction, TPF, true negative fraction TNF, Williams index, KI, and overlap index, to be 82.70%, 80.89%, 80.66%, and 69.30% respectively. Better false negative fraction, FNF, and false positive fraction, FPF, were given by the Balloon method with 13.90% and, 5.40% respectively.
Treadmill Exercise Testing (2015)

Abstract Treadmill exercise testing is an important tool in the field of cardiology and is very commonly used because it is readily available, inexpensive, noninvasive, and provides pertinent diagnostic and prognostic information in assessing for the presence and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD). For decades, its primary use was to provoke and diagnose myocardial ischemia, but its clinical indications have become more numerous with time. In this chapter, we will review role of treadmill exercise testing in patients with known or suspected CAD, as well as the contraindications, complications, performance, interpretation, and its prognostics utility.
Quantitative FRET Imaging of Leptin Receptor Oligomerization Kinetics in Single Cells (2005)

Extract HTML view is not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button. Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2005 in Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, July 31--August 4, 2005
<title>Observation of phonon bottleneck in quantum box cascade lasers</title> (2002)

The intersubband light emission of GaAs/GaAlAs quantum cascade lasers is measured under pulsed magnetic fields parallel to the current, up to 60 T. A giant modulation of the laser intensity is observed with complete suppression of the laser emission when the energy spacing between intersubband Landau quantized states matches the GaAs optical phonon energy. When the level separation is not equal to the phonon energy, the laser output increases as a result of quenched phonon emission from the upper subband electrons. In this situation, the laser threshold current was found reduced by a factor of two.
Recent Results on Fusion Reactor Materials from FFTF/MOTA Program. Neutron Dosimetry for Materials Irradiation Environment. (1992)

of neutron irradiation environment is essentially required to make clear understanding of radiation effects on materials.Neutron dosimetry using activation technique is almost a unique solution to measure neutron fluence,neutron energy spectrum and related nuclear transmutation rates in heavy irradiation experiments.This paper provides an outline of neutron dosimetry technique applied to the FFTF/MOTA program,including a brief review on the Japan/U.S.A.collaboration research studies to improve the dosimetry accuracy.
Methylation of Partially Methylated Sugar Anilides<sup>1</sup> (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMethylation of Partially Methylated Sugar Anilides1I. Ehrenthal, M. C. Rafique, and F. SmithCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 5, 1341–1342Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01125a504https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01125a504research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views77Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Mechanical properties of continuous bamboo fiber‐reinforced biobased polyamide 11 composites (2019)

ABSTRACT This study is devoted to the analysis of the properties of continuous bamboo fiber (BF)‐reinforced polyamide 11 (PA 11) composites. The SEM observations highlighted continuity between BFs and the polymeric matrix showing a high density of hydrogen bonds. The comparative calorimetric study of the matrix and its composites showed that the crystallinity of PA 11 was not modified by the presence of bamboo fibers. The physical aging observed in PA 11 is no more observed in composites due to physical interactions between PA 11 and BFs. The mechanical properties were investigated by tensile strength and dynamic mechanical analysis. The introduction of BFs enhanced Young's modulus of the matrix by a factor of 10. The presence of BFs also improved the storage shear modulus G ′ over the whole temperature range. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136 , 47623.
Lipoprotein(a) is included in low-density lipoprotein by NCEP definition (1994)

Journal Article Lipoprotein(a) is included in low-density lipoprotein by NCEP definition Get access G R Warnick G R Warnick Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical Chemistry, Volume 40, Issue 11, 1 November 1994, Pages 2115–2116, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/40.11.2115a Published: 01 November 1994
[Combined arterial and intraportal therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma: preliminary results]. (1994)

Tentative results of consecutive arterial and portal chemoembolizations in 4 patients with advanced hepatoma are presented. Hepatic artery occlusion was achieved by administration of 20-60 mg adriablastin in 6-12 ml iodized oil and minced gelatin sponge. Said adriablastin-in-oil alone was used for transhepatic catheterisation and chemoembolization of portal vein 2-4 weeks later. The patients received a total of 10 courses of combined therapy, without any complication development. All the patients have been alive for 18 months and two of them have been in remission. The preliminary results of application of the new modification of transcatheter management of primary hepatoma are encouraging and make the case for undertaking prospective randomized clinical trials.