gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i>mda</i> -7 (IL-24): Signaling and Functional Roles (2002)

One hallmark of neoplasia is abnormal differentiation. Induction of differentiation, by chemical or biological methods, provides a possible therapeutic intervention. "Differentiation therapy" is well documented in several model systems. These include melanoma, in which treatment with interferon-beta and the protein kinase C activator mezerein induces irreversible growth arrest and terminal differentiation culminating in programmed cell death. Subtraction hybridization between terminally differentiated and untreated melanoma cells identified melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7 (mda-7), which is selectively induced during the process of melanoma terminal differentiation. Since its identification seven years ago, mda-7 has been the object of intense focus because of its unique biological properties. Firstly, mda-7 is a secreted protein having cytokine-like properties and belonging to the IL-10 cytokine family. Based on this consideration, mda-7 was renamed IL-24. Secondly if delivered by means of an adenoviral vector, mda-7 induces selective apoptosis in cancer cells of diverse origin, while sparing their normal cellular counterparts. As such, mda-7 has become a novel tool for cancer gene therapy and is currently undergoing phase II clinical trials to determine its clinical efficacy in patients. The present review examines the biological properties of mda-7 and the signaling pathways that contribute to its unique cancer-specific apoptosis-inducing properties.
The migration of digital avionics data buses to low cost optical avionics data networks (the LOADNET project) (2002)

The objective of the LOADNET project has been the identification, adaptation and installation of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) networking components for optical avionics data networks. The aim of this paper is to recommend the use of the telecommunication layered approach to analyze and design future aerospace fibre-optic networks. This approach can also be applied to other platforms, given their respective requirements, which can be disseminated into sufficient detail and mapped into the layers. A correlation between the requirements and the capability of the COTS protocol can be made to assess its suitability and any modifications that may be required. From part of the initial work done on the project, we have selected three prominent COTS network technologies for illustrative purposes. Multiple protocols will be necessary in the network and, as a result, multiple protocols over LOADNET (MPOL) is currently under investigation.
Nanodiamond–TiO<sub>2</sub> Composites for Heterogeneous Photocatalysis (2013)

Abstract This is a pioneering study on the synthesis and application of composites based on micro‐ and nanodiamonds for the photocatalytic degradation of environmental water pollutants. Micro‐ and nanodiamond powders (with particle sizes of 1–3 μm and 2–10 nm, respectively) were combined with TiO 2 , by varying the carbon‐phase content, and tested as composite photocatalysts for the degradation of diphenhydramine, which is a pharmaceutical water pollutant, under near‐UV/Vis irradiation. These composites exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than the respective bare materials. In addition, composites prepared with pristine nanodiamonds were always more active than those prepared with microdiamonds of the same carbon content. A significant enhancement in the photocatalytic performance was observed on preparation of the composite with 15 wt % of nanodiamonds oxidised in air at 703 K; these oxidised nanodiamonds contained mainly carboxylic anhydrides, lactones, phenols and, to a lesser extent, carbonyl/quinone groups on their surface.
Apport des reconnaissances profondes par méthodes géophysiques sur le mouvement de versant de Séchilienne (Isère) (2010)

Le mouvement de versant de Séchilienne est situé à une vingtaine de kilomètres au sud-est de Grenoble. Les vitesses de déplacement de la partie la plus active dite des " Ruines " sont en augmentation constante depuis le début des mesures en 1985. En 2008, une campagne de reconnaissance par méthodes géophysiques a été mise en oeuvre afin de mieux connaître les limites du volume instable. Les méthodes électriques et sismiques ont été appliquées sur quatre profils disposés sur l'ensemble du versant. Sont présentés ici les résultats de ces investigations et les enseignements en termes de profondeur de roche déconsolidée, notamment dans la zone active des Ruines. Basés sur ces éléments, de nouveaux calculs de volume confirment la première estimation de 3 millions de mètre cubes mobilisables dans cette zone.
THE DETERMINATION OF MOLYBDENUM AND TUNGSTEN AS IMPURITIES IN NIOBIUM (1958)

A method is presented for the determination of Mo in the range 50 to 1000 ppm and W in the range 25 to 550 ppm in Nb, on the basis of an aliquant representing 0.2 g of Nb sample. Toluene-3,4-dithiol forms colored complexes in acid solution with Mo and W which are extracted with isoamyl acetate. (J. R.D.)
Predicting the potential gradient field in ventricular fibrillation from shocks delivered in paced rhythm (1995)

A method of defibrillation threshold determination that utilizes low-strength shocks delivered in a benign rhythm would be desirable. Because the two-dimensional epicardial potential gradient (PG) is a shock parameter that is linked to defibrillation, we examined whether the epicardial PG measured for shocks delivered in paced rhythm could be used to predict the PG for defibrillation-strength shocks delivered in ventricular fibrillation (VF). In six open-chest pentobarbital-anesthetized pigs with left ventricular apex and right atrial internal defibrillation patches, we measured the epicardial PG field for shocks delivered in paced rhythm and during VF. We determined that there was a linear relationship between epicardial PG and shock strength for shocks delivered in paced rhythm. However, prediction of the PG measured for shocks in VF from those measured in paced rhythm resulted in a statistically significant overestimation of the PG in VF. We conclude that, for equivalent strength shocks, the epicardial PG field is weaker for shocks delivered in VF. This change in the potential gradient field can have an effect on defibrillation threshold estimates that are based on shocks delivered in paced rhythm.
Melena after transrectal biopsy of the prostate controlled by endoscopic clipping (2013)

A 75-year-old man with stranguria had a high serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) value (6.83 ng/ml). A transrectal biopsy of the prostate was performed for diagnostic purposes under general anesthesia. Ninety minutes after the procedure, shock with severe rectal melena was observed in the patient, resulting in a total blood loss of 600 ml. Dopamine and a blood transfusion were administered to maintain blood pressure. Hemostasis was achieved using three endoscopic clips. Cases with complications such as melena and rectal bleeding are thought to be on the increase as prostate biopsy is necessary to diagnose prostate cancer. This report shows that in such a case where astriction is unsuccessful, endoscopic clipping may be effective in controlling melena.
Production of Polyploid Wheat by Nitrous Oxide (1960)

In 1954, Ostergren 1' published a paper on the production of polyploids in Crepes capillaris by N20 treatment. Later, Nygren 2' and Ostergren 3' applied the same treatment to Melandrium and Phalaris, respectively, and obtained polyploids of those plants. The Nygren's result is, particularly, noteworthy because of a very high frequency of polyploids obtained.
Waste heat recovery with ultra high-speed turbomachinery (1984)

A new ORC heat recovery system which converts waste heat to electricity has been developed in Lappeenranta University of Technology with support from Department of Energy in Finnish Ministry of Trade and Industry. Use of ultra high-speed turbomachinery (10 000 rpm - 200 000 rpm) promises lower unit costs, higher efficiencies and fast amortization rate, 2,4 - 3,0 years.
Rheology of Emulsions Stabilized by Solid Interfaces (2003)

The rheological behavior of soybean oil emulsions stabilized by sodium caseinate is studied. While having a very low interfacial tension, these emulsions, when concentrated up to an oil volume fraction of 64%, have a very high elasticity. It is 30 times higher than those usually observed for surfactant-stabilized emulsions. We show that this high elasticity originates from the interfacial shear elasticity of the bilayer interface. So, sodium caseinate stabilized droplets can be regarded as droplets coated with a solid shell.
<title>Accurate Numerical Computation By Optical Convolution</title> (1980)

Methods for improving the accuracy of optical processors are considered. The improvement in accuracy is achieved by increasing the space-bandwidth product requirement of the system. Since convolution is the operation most easily and efficiently implemented by optical systems, we concentrate on systems that achieve convolution with increased accuracy.
Interference robustness measurements for IEEE 802.16e mobile WiMAX systems (2010)

The IEEE 802.16e mobile WiMAX systems allows for a variety of different applications beside its original task of providing high speed Internet access for rural areas. Examples of this would be the connection of smart electric meter as well as command and control of miniature unmanned aerial vehicles. Due to the fact that mobile WiMAX is solely standardized for licensed operation, there are no sufficient investigations on the performance of the system in the presence of interferer. Nevertheless some applications are making use of portable base stations which makes a traditional network planing impossible and comes along with inferences between different base stations using the same frequency band. In addition to this the resistance of a mobile WiMAX signal against intentionally emitted jamming signals is an important research subject. In this paper we present our results of packet error rate measurements in variable interference scenarios.
Laser–plasma interaction studies in the context of megajoule lasers for inertial fusion (2002)

Laser–plasma interaction (LPI) physics is one the major issues for the realization of inertial fusion. Parametric instabilities may be driven by the incident laser beams during their propagation in the underdense plasma surrounding the fusion capsule. These instabilities may result in various effects detrimental to a good energy transfer from the laser beams to the target: the backscattering of the incident beams, the generation of energetic electrons which might preheat the fusion fuel, and the spoiling of the laser beam alignment. The control of the linear growth of these instabilities, together with the understanding of their nonlinear saturation mechanisms are therefore of fundamental importance for laser fusion. During the past few years, a series of new concepts have emerged, deeply modifying our approach to LPI physics. In particular, LPI experiments are now carried out with laser beams which are optically smoothed by means of random phase plates. Such beams are characterized inside the plasma by randomly distributed intensity maxima. Filamentation instabilities may locally increase the laser intensity maxima and deplete the electron density, leading to an intricate coupling between various nonlinear processes. One of the most striking features of this intricate coupling is the resulting ability of the plasma to induce additional temporal and spatial incoherence to the laser beams during their propagation. The increased incoherence may in turn reduce the level of backscattering instabilities.
A Recent Analytical Approach for Analysis of Sub-Synchronous Resonance in Doubly-Fed Induction Generator-Based Wind Farm (2021)

Sub-synchronous resonance (SSR) phenomenon occurs due to the interaction between wind turbine generators and series-compensated transmission lines. A doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) is considered one of the most widely implemented generators in wind energy conversion systems. SSR analysis based on the eigenvalue method is the most important among the used methods. The accuracy of the eigenvalue method depends on the initial values of state variables. Previously, the initial values of the state variables were calculated based on the iterative approach which is suffering from convergence problem, lacking accuracy, and requiring a long computation time. Moreover, many steps and details haven’t been provided. Consequently, it is urgent to fill this gap and show how can implement the SSR analysis model in detail. In this paper, a new application of a recent analytical approach is proposed for SSR analysis. All information is provided, and the SSR analysis model of a DFIG-based series compensated wind farm is built step-by-step. In order to prove the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method, the eigenvalue analysis based on the proposed and iterative methods is compared with the time-domain simulation results at different wind speeds and variable compensation levels. The results prove that the eigenvalue analysis based on the proposed method is more precise, where it is consistent with the simulation results in all studied cases. MATLAB software is used to validate the results.
Metabolites of the New Caledonian Sponge Claodocroce incurvata (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMetabolites of the New Caledonian Sponge Claodocroce incurvataM. Valeria D'Auria, Luigi Gomez Paloma, Luigi Minale, Raffaele Riccio, Angela Zampella, and Cécile DebitusCite this: J. Nat. Prod. 1993, 56, 3, 418–423Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 July 2004Published inissue 1 March 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/np50093a016https://doi.org/10.1021/np50093a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views170Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effect of Dielectric Photoemission on Surface Breakdown: An LDRD Report (2003)

The research discussed in this report was conceived during our earlier attempts to simulate breakdown across a dielectric surface using a Monte Carlo approach. While cataloguing the various ways that a dielectric surface could affect the breakdown process, we found that one obvious effect--photoemission from the surface--had been ignored. Initially, we felt that inclusion of this effect could have a major impact on how an ionization front propagates across a surface because of the following argument chain: (1) The photon energy required to release electrons from a surface via photoemission is less than the photon energy required to ionize gas molecules directly. (2) The mean free path of a photon in gas is longer for low-energy photons than for high-energy photons. (3) Photoionization is a major effect in advancing the ionization front for breakdown in gas without a surface, therefore, we know that even high-energy photons can be released from the head of a streamer and propagate some distance through the gas. Our hypothesis, therefore, was that photons with energies near the threshold of photoemission could travel further in front of the streamer before being absorbed than higher-energy photons needed for photoionization, yet the lower-energy photons, with the help of the surface, could still create seed electrons for new avalanches. Thus, the streamer would advance more rapidly next to a surface than in gas alone. Additionally, the photoemission from the surface would add to the electrons in the avalanche and cause the avalanche to grow faster. After some study, however, we are forced to conclude that although photoemission does contribute to avalanche growth at fields near breakdown threshold, secondary electron emission causes electrons to stick to the surface and cancels out the growth due to photoemission. This conclusion assumes a discharge that occurs over a short period of time so that charging of the surface, which could alter its secondary electron emission characteristics, does not occur. This report documents the numerical work we did on investigating this effect and the experimental work we did on pre-breakdown phenomena in gas.
VAPOR PRESSURE OF BENZENE ABOVE 100° C. (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVAPOR PRESSURE OF BENZENE ABOVE 100° C.Paul Bender, George T. Furukawa, and John R. HyndmanCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1952, 44, 2, 387–390Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50506a050https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50506a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views254Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
On the use of general elements in fluid dynamics simulations (2007)

Abstract As flow solvers have become more sophisticated, many now have the capability to handle meshes with general polyhedral elements, i.e. general elements. In response, researchers have begun to develop mesh generation strategies that exploit nonstandard element types. General elements have been employed locally in near‐body extruded meshes to improve mesh quality and have also been used in solution adaptive mesh refinement algorithms. In this paper, we present two mesh generation strategies that employ general elements. We also discuss how a specific flow solver is formulated to work with general elements. We demonstrate our approach by presenting simulation results for two realistic configurations. We close with a discussion that highlights future research directions. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia by antigen detection in sputum (1978)

Pneumococcal polysaccharide was detected by counterimmunoelectrophoresis in the sputum of 20 of 26 (77%) adults with community-acquired pneumonia and a positive sputum culture for Streptococcus pneumoniae. The test was negative in 29 pneumonia patients with negative sputum culture for S. pneumoniae.Pneumococcal antigen was also detected in the sputum of six of nine adults with chronic bronchitis and a positive sputum culture, but was not detected in expectorated respiratory secretions of 22 pneumococcal carriers with colds. Pneumococcal antigen could also be detected in sputum by immunodiffusion; antigen titers varied from 1:2 to 1:256. These results strongly suggest that the detection of pneumococcal antigen in respiratory tract secretions indicates infection caused by S. pneumoniae.
Operational Planning of Large-Scale Industrial Batch Plants under Demand Due Date and Amount Uncertainty. I. Robust Optimization Framework (2009)

The operational planning of a large-scale industrial batch plant typically occurs over a time horizon of several months with the goal of providing daily production targets and raw material requirements for the plant in question. Due to the length of the time horizon, demand uncertainty should be taken into account in order to ensure that the operational planning model provides reliable production targets and/or raw material requirements. A robust novel operational planning model has been developed in order to address the objective of providing a reliable daily production profile which is immune to various forms of demand uncertainty. The ability of the proposed planning model to address the aforementioned objectives of an operational planning model has been validated through an industrial case study of a large-scale, multiproduct, and multipurpose batch plant having the capability of producing hundreds of different products over a time horizon of three months.
P1‐046: ROLE OF PLD3 RARE VARIANTS IN EUROPEAN SPORADIC ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE PATIENTS (2014)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a severe multifactorial disorder and the individual genetic predisposition plays a decisive role in its etiology. While genome-wide association studies have been successful in identifying common genetic risk factors for AD, w hole exome sequencing provides a promising strategy to identify rare coding variants that increase the risk for familial but may also confer risk for sporadic AD (sAD). This led to the identification of TREM2 and PLD3 - as novel susceptibility genes. While TREM2 has been repeatedly replicated as a risk factor in sAD, the role of PLD3 in sAD has not yet been replicated. Thus, we aimed to investigate a potential role of rare coding variants in PLD3 in sAD in two independent samples of German and Spanish origin comprising a total 6,921 individuals. The independent Spanish and German case-control samples comprised 2,427 cases and 2,614 controls and 940 cases and 940 controls, respectively. All AD patients fulfilled NINCDA/ADRDA criteria. All participants gave written informed consent. Four variants reported by Cruchaga et al. with p<0.15 were selected for genotyping using Sequenom's iPLEX-assay. Association analysis was calculated by applying the Armitage trend test as implemented in INTERSNP. Association was also analysed after stratifying AD cases by age at disease onset (AAO) or familial history of AD. Neither the analyses in the individual samples nor the combined analysis supported the association between sAD and the PLD3 variants investigated. The combined analysis showed for: p.P76A (p=0.16, OR=4.27); p. V232M (p= 0.44, OR=0.8); and p.A442A (p=0.66, OR=1.06). The p.M6R was monomorphic. The original association of PLD3 was described in late onset AD (LOAD, AAO>65 years). However, neither the LOAD sample nor the early onset AD (AAO≤65) showed association with AD-risk in the stratified analysis. The association with AD was also negative after stratifying the samples for familial history of AD. Our results do not support the role of rare coding variants in PLD3 in the susceptibility to suffer sAD in two independent European populations, even when stratifying by AAO or familial history of AD. We are currently genotyping additional case-control samples to include in the analysis.