gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low‐Cost, Thermoresponsive Wettability of Surfaces: Poly(<i>N</i>‐isopropylacrylamide)/Polystyrene Composite Films Prepared by Electrospinning (2008)

Abstract Low‐cost, responsive poly( N ‐isopropylacrylamide)/polystyrene composite films were prepared by a facile electrospinning technique. The surface structures and wettabilities of the composite films are tunable by simply controlling the concentration of polymer. With a proper proportion of each polymer, the wettability of the surface can be switched between superhydrophilicity and superhydrophobicity when the temperature is changed from 20 °C to 50 °C. The combination of a stimuli‐responsive polymer with micro/nanostructures on the surface of the composite film contributes to this unique surface property. magnified image
TKDM - a reconfigurable co-processor in a PC's memory slot (2004)

This paper presents TKDM, a PC-based high-performance reconfigurable computing environment. The TKDM hardware consists of an FPGA module that uses the DIMM (dual inline memory module) bus for high-bandwidth and low-latency communication with the host CPU. The system's firmware is integrated with the Linux host operating system and offers functions for data communication and FPGA reconfiguration. The intended use of TKDM is that a dynamically reconfigurable co-processor for data streaming applications. The system's firmware can be customized for specific application domains to facilitate simple and easy-to-use programming interfaces.
Lane confidence assessment and lane change decision for lane-level localization (2014)

This paper presents the confidence assessment algorithm of lane mark detected by a vision sensor for lane change decision and its application to lane-level localization. The lane mark information is critical to determine whether driving maneuver is either lane following or lane change. Furthermore, it should be considered that the detected lane mark could be wrong due to its worn-out or soil/snow/obstacles on the mark. Thus it is necessary to assess the confidence of lane. By using detection results of each side of lane from vision sensor and vehicle state measured by in-vehicle sensor, lane confidence assessment algorithm based on probabilistic data association filter (PDAF) is proposed. And by using estimation results from PDAF, lane change decision algorithm is also proposed. The proposed algorithms are validated experimentally via field test data.
Optimization of substrates for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of bacteria (2002)

The use of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has recently seen a revitalization of interest with advances in surface coating technologies and other related areas. Recent reports have indicated that enhancement factors of up to 14 orders of magnitude can be achieved, providing the sensitivity requisite to trace level detection of target analytes. Due to the short range of the SERS effect, the interference of background materials may be reduced if the target analyte can be selectively brought near the SERS surface. SERS also holds the promise of providing the ability to determine the identity of bacterial species through recognition of the unique spectrum of a given species. The first major hurdle to its application to this problem is the design and optimization of appropriate surfaces for SERS of bacteria. This is complicated by the negative surface charge of the metal surface and the bacterium that results in a repulsive force that must be overcome. Our efforts have focused on selection of the best SERS substrate for this purpose. We are examining four potential SERS substrates: Au colloids in suspension with the bacteria, Au colloids immobilized on a surface, electrochemically roughened Au surfaces, and Ag periodic particle arrays provided by Prof. Richard van Duyne.
Advances in analytical methods to study cholesterol metabolism: the determination of serum noncholesterol sterols (2012)

Cholesterol biosynthesis precursors and plant sterols are noncholesterol sterols currently used as relative surrogate markers of cholesterol synthesis and absorption, respectively. Its determination in serum samples is a way of diagnosing inherited disorders and also a tool for health evaluation during lipid-lowering lifestyle/drug therapy monitoring. This approach is the only one that can be used for large-scale clinical trials or population based studies, but, nevertheless, there is no reference method for the quantification of noncholesterol sterols in human serum samples and only analysis by GC-FID and GC-MS has been reported to be completely validated. Although there has been a wider use of noncholesterol sterols for the measurement and characterization of cholesterol metabolism, there is a lack of harmonization of measurements and of standardization of the methodology, which is essential for routine measurements of diagnostic utility. New recent advances in analytical methods for the determination of serum noncholesterol sterols are highlighted, focusing on the sample preparation, separation and detection techniques, which will enhance the range of applications in clinical practice.
EXPERIMENTAL ALTERATION OF THE HUMAN OVARIAN CYCLE BY ESTROGEN* (1948)

THERE are relatively few studies of the effect of estrogen on the human ovarian cycle. Sturgis and Albright (1) and Sturgis and Meigs (2) demonstrated that ovulation was inhibited in women when estrogen was administered in the early part of the menstrual cycle. This inhibition evidently depended upon early administration of the estrogen (before the sixth day) as well as upon the dosage employed. Their primary interest was in the relief of dysmenorrhea which was obtained by eliminating the luteal phase from the cycle. They found that bleeding usually occurred from twelve to fourteen days following a single 10 mg. dose of estradiol dipropionate. However, if the dose were repeated in ten days the expected bleeding would be delayed and by suitable timing of the estrogen administration, bleeding could be delayed for as long as three months. Thus, by alternating intervals of ten or fourteen days between doses, it was possible to bring about bleeding at predictable intervals of two weeks, four weeks or eight weeks.
Reactive oxygen species and antioxidants: Relationships in green cells (1997)

The imposition of oxidative stress leads to increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plant cells. Orchestrated defense processes ensue that have much in common between stresses, yet are also particular to the site of action of the stress and its concentration. Possible functional roles of these responses include, but are not restricted to, the protection of the photosynthetic machinery, the preservation of membrane integrity and the protection of DNA and proteins. Superimposed upon our understanding of cellular mechanisms for protection against abiotic stress is a newly discovered role of ROS in signalling and defense response to pathogens (J. L. Dangl, R. A. Dietrich and M. S. Richberg. 1996. Plant Cell 8: 1793–1807). Evidence to date suggests a coordinated response to ROS among different members of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) gene families. A further layer of complexity is afforded by reports of coordination of expression between ascorbate peroxidase and SOD genes. Our understanding of the signalling mechanisms that underlie these coordinated events is in its infancy. An exciting future lies ahead in which the orchestration of successful antioxidant stress responses will be gradually revealed. Current data suggest that complex regulatory mechanisms function at both the gene and protein level to coordinate antioxidant responses and that a critical role is played by organellar localization and inter‐compartment coordination.
Latest Achievements in Gunfire Detection Systems (2006)

For more than fifteen years, 01dB-METRAVIB has been carrying out many research and development activities in battlefield acoustics. In this article, we present our latest achievements in the particular domain of Gunfire Detection Systems (GDS). These systems are essentially based on acoustic detection with specific signal processing of Shock Waves and Muzzle Blasts. Their purpose is to detect and locate sniper and small-arms fire. The main parameters, which are estimated by these systems, are azimuth, elevation and range of the origin of a shot. These classical acoustic sensors can also be associated with other sensors, such as optical systems, thermal cameras, and LASER systems, etc. The latest on-going developments in 01dB-METRAVIB Gunfire Detection Systems are the following: (1) New systems with more than two acoustic arrays, (2) Specific data fusion and battlefield-oriented displays, (3) New wireless systems with radio devices, (4) New systems coupled with daylight and/or thermal cameras, (5) Original system allowing for specific detection mode, and (6) Other associated sensors. After a short overview of state of the art systems performances, we present these new systems with a particular emphasis on their technical specifications and their interests, both in today's battlefield and in law enforcement operations.
Time-resolved photothermal and photoacoustic methods applied to photoinduced processes in solution (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTime-resolved photothermal and photoacoustic methods applied to photoinduced processes in solutionSilvia E. Braslavsky and George E. HeibelCite this: Chem. Rev. 1992, 92, 6, 1381–1410Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr00014a007https://doi.org/10.1021/cr00014a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1762Altmetric-Citations515LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Two-layer quasi-geostrophic turbulence in a simple special case (1978)

Abstract In the case of equal layer depths and uniform vertical energy density, the quadratic integral invariants of two-layer rotating flow are close analogs of the corresponding invariants of two-dimensional turbulence. A simple theory based on the invariants and on the selection rules governing triad interactions qualitatively explains the major features of forced equilibrium flow. The general physical picture is very similar to that of Rhines (1977). In the geophysically interesting case. net baroclinic energy is produced at low wavenumbers and moves toward hisher wavenumbers in relatively nonlocal triad interactions which are unhampered by the constraint to conserve enstrophy. The energy converts to barotropic mode and moves back toward low wavenumbers in more local interactions which are similar to those in two-dimensional turbulence. Equilibrium wavenumber spectra are obtainable from a simple Markovian turbulence closure model in which the estimate of turbulent scramhling rate includes a contribution from vortex stretching along the axis of rotation. Numerical experiments with the closure model confirm the qualitative predictions and demonstrate the sensitivity of the flow at low wavenumbers to changes in the forcing and dissipation.
EGFR and PDGFR differentially promote growth in malignant epithelioid mesothelioma of short and long term survivors (2007)

We have demonstrated that small scale proteomics can be carried out by powerful linkage of TMA, immunohistochemistry and statistical methods to identify proteins which might be relevant targets for therapeutic intervention.
PAM: A novel performance/power aware meta-scheduler for multi-core systems (2008)

Sharing resources such as caches and main memory bandwidth in multi-core systems requires a more sophisticated scheduling scheme. PAM is a low-overhead, user-level meta-scheduler which does not require any hardware or software changes. In particular, it operates by detecting resource congestions and providing guidelines to the standard system scheduler by limiting the assignment of processes to subsets of available cores. PAM contains a cache model that it uses to predict the impact of new schedules. PAM can be used to improve the system along three dimensions: performance, power, and energy consumption (and any combination of these three). On our prototype, we show individual benchmarks can improve by up to 33% and the overall system performance can be improved by as much as 14%.
Application of Sampling-Based Motion Planning Algorithms in Autonomous Vehicle Navigation (2016)

With the development of the autonomous driving technology, the autonomous vehicle has become one of the key issues for supporting our daily life and economical activities. One of the challenging research areas in autonomous vehicle is the development of an intelligent motion planner, which is able to guide the vehicle in dynamic changing environments. In this chapter, a novel sampling-based navigation architecture is introduced, which employs the optimal properties of RRT* planner and the low running time property of low-dispersion sampling-based algorithms. Furthermore, a novel segmentation method is proposed, which divides the sampling domain into valid and tabu segments. The resulted navigation architecture is able to guide the autonomous vehicle in complex situations such as takeover or crowded environments. The performance of the proposed method is tested through simulation in different scenarios and also by comparing the performances of RRT and RRT* algorithms. The proposed method provides near-optimal solutions with smaller trees and in lower running time.
Viscoelastic Analysis of IC Package Warpage (1996)

Abstract Package warpage was studied previously using thermoelastic finite element analysis. Epoxy Molding Compound (EMC) was assumed to be thermal-elastic with temperature dependent mechanical properties (usually assigned values above and below the glass transition temperature, Tg). The effect of thermal mismatch of components inside the package was examined without considering the time history of the curing process. To account for this, this study will examine the effect of viscoelastic properties of EMC with different degree-of-cure on package warpage during the encapsulation process. In this study, warpage of a 160 leads Plastic Quad Flat Package (PQFP) was evaluated by employing a three-dimensional viscoelastic finite element model. Dynamic mechanical properties of the EMC for different degree-of-cure were measured in a Rheometrics RMS-800 analyzer at different temperatures: 160°C, 165°C, 170°C, 175°C, 180°C and 185°C to determine the viscoelastic shear modulus of G′ and G″. The test data were then used to formulate the Maxwell model for viscoelastic analysis using a commercial finite element package ABAQUS. The analysis examined the effect of degree-of-cure of EMC on warpage prediction. The predicted warpage values were compared with laboratory measurement using a Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM).
Ocular dominance and patient satisfaction after monovision induced by intraocular lens implantation (2004)

Success and patient satisfaction in monovision patients were significantly influenced by the magnitude of ocular dominance. The balance technique seems to be a good method to evaluate the quantity of ocular dominance and prospectively evaluate the monovision technique.
A preliminary study on the effect of nicotine on growth of mycobacteria (1984)

Summary: L J medium is routinely used in the laboratories for the growth of tubercle bacilli. Addition of aqueous extract of tobacco (5 mg/ml) revealed enhancing effect on the growth of slow-growing mycobacteria. Addition of pure nicotine in LJ media in different concentrations ranging from SOO [Ag/ml to 10 µg/ml stimulated the growth of standard strains of M. tuberculosis H3J RV, M. Kansasii, M. scrofulaceum, M. avium and M. intracellulare in vitro. Visible colonies developed within 8-9 days in LJ media and became confluent by 10-12 days. The control LJ media without nicotine showed luxuriant growth by 3 weeks of incubation or later. This effect was confirmed repeatedly. A comparative study on the efficiency of conventional LJ medium and nicotine LJ medium in the isolation of M. tuberculosis from sputum specimens was also carried out. The isolation of positive cultures was higher in nicptine LJ medium. Growth on nicotine LJ medium was significantly faster. Addition of nicotine in a concentration of 500 (µg/ml stimulated the growth and helped in the early isolation of M. tuberculosis from sputum specimens of patients suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis. Niacin-negative Afro-asian variants of M. tuberculosis when grown on nicotine-LJ medium, could convert themselves into niacin producers. Detection of niacin production is an important test in the identification of M. tuberculosis and the problem of identification of these Afro-asian strains in the laboratory due to week or no niacin production could be solved by growing them in nicotine incorporated LJ medium. The possibility of nicotine acting as an inducer substrate for the enzyme responsible for niacin production is discussed.
Estimation of the abundance of an uncultured soil bacterial strain by a competitive quantitative PCR method (1996)

Strain EA25 was identified in a clone library of bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequences that had been amplified from DNA extracted from soil collected in eastern Washington State. EA25 was subsequently shown to be related to members of the genera Planctomyces and Chlamydia and most closely related (93% similarity) to strain MC18, a strain identified in an Australian soil sample (W. Liesack and E. Stackebrandt, J. Bacteriol. 174:5072-5078, 1992). A competitive quantitative PCR method developed by Zachar et al. (V. Zachar, R.A. Thomas, and A.S. Goustin, Nucleic Acids Res. 21:2017-2018, 1993) was used to estimate the abundance of this uncultured strain in soil. An estimation of the abundance of EA25 was based on the number of copies of the sequence in the DNA extracted and the efficiency of the DNA extraction. In addition, amplification rates of Escherichia coli DNAs added to soil were shown to be similar to those of DNAs from laboratory cultures of E. coli. The number of EA25 16S rRNA genes was estimated to be 2.17 x 10(8) copies per g of soil, suggesting that strains similar to EA25 and the similar Australian strain could be widely distributed and present in significant numbers in soils from temperate regions. This represents the first enumeration of 16S rDNA copies from an uncultured strain in soil.
The Essential Guide to Video Processing (2007)

The <i>Journal of Electronic Imaging</i> (JEI), copublished bimonthly with the Society for Imaging Science and Technology, publishes peer-reviewed papers that cover research and applications in all areas of electronic imaging science and technology.
Field evaluation of weigh-in-motion screening on truck weigh station operations (2004)

Weigh-in-Motion (WIM) systems can improve the capacity of weigh station operations by screening trucks while traveling at high speeds and only requiring trucks within a threshold of a maximum permissible weight to be weighed on more accurate static scales. Consequently, the operation of a weigh station is highly dependent on the accuracy of the screening WIM system. This paper develops a statistical procedure for relating axle and gross weight accuracies for evaluating the accuracy of a WIM system. In addition, the paper examines the WIM scale operation at the Stephens City weigh station in Virginia to present a case study evaluation of the operation of a weigh station that is equipped with WIM screening. The case study evaluates the accuracy of the WIM technology in addition to the operations of the weigh station in terms of service time, system time, and delay incurred at the static scales.
Blood and Bone Marrow Hematopoietic Stem Cells for Transplantation: A Comparative Review. (1994)

Classical bone marrow transplantation collects bone marrow from a normal individual. This is infused into a patient rendered aplastic by high-dose chemoradiotherapy. Shortcomings include a limited donor pool and morbidity and mortality from graft-vs-host and graft rejection phenomena. Autologous marrow transplantation, in which the marrow of the patient to be transplanted is harvested, cryopreserved, and stored until needed, is not so constrained. Although marrow cannot be collected from some individuals due to hypocellularity, fibrosis, or infiltration with malignant disease, the presence of peripheral blood stem cells in the circulation allows these individuals to be treated with autologous transplantation therapy. It has been postulated that these hematopoietic progenitors have advantages over bone marrow collected stem cells, including safer and less expensive collections and accelerated rates of hematopoietic recovery following high-dose therapy and stem cell reinfusion.
CD40 is required for the optimal induction of protective immunity to <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> (2004)

C57Bl/6 mice and mice deficient in the CD40 molecule were infected with three strains of Mycobacterium avium. Two of the M. avium strains proliferated more extensively in CD40-deficient (CD40-/-) mice than in control mice. The increased susceptibility to infection of CD40-/- mice was associated with the generation of poorer interleukin-12 (IL-12) p40 and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) responses as compared to the controls, suggesting a role for CD40 in the development of protective immunity. In contrast, direct triggering of CD40 on infected macrophages failed to induce any anti-mycobacterial activity in infected macrophages.
A Hardware Hashing Scheme in the Design of a Multiterm String Comparator (1982)

This paper discusses the hardware design of a term detection unit which may be used in the scanning of text emanating from a serial source such as disk or bubble memory. The main objective of this design is the implementation of a high performance unit which can detect any one of many terms (e.g., 1024 terms) while accepting source text at disk transfer rates. The unit incorporates "off-the-shelf" currently available chips. The design involves a hardware-based hashing scheme that allows incoming text to be compared to selected terms in a RAM which contains all of the strings to be detected. The organization of data in the RAM of the term detector is dependent on a graph-theoretic algorithm which computes maximal matchings on bipartite graphs. The capability of the unit depends on various parameters in the design, and this dependence is demonstrated by means of various tables that report on the results of various simulation studies.