gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Using Model Discrimination to Select a Mathematical Function for Generating Separation Curves (1986)

A statistical technique, known as model discrimination, is presented for selecting a mathematical function to fit separation data in order to estimate the characteristic parameters — the relative density of separation and the probable error. Some of the more commonly used functions are compared by their goodness of fit and their parameters evaluated statistically using a sensitivity analysis approach in order to determine the function with the best fit and the maximum parameter sensitivity. Application of this technique is demonstrated using sets of separation data from actual heavy media cyclone operations. For separator data exhibiting apparent bypassing, i.e., a fraction of feed apparently exiting with the clean coal and/or a fraction of feed apparently exiting with the refuse, a modelling technique is given whereby an existing function can be expanded to incorporate the bypass parameters.
An Embedded 65 nm CMOS Baseband IQ 48 MHz–1 GHz Dual Tuner for DOCSIS 3.0 (2009)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> An embedded CMOS digital dual tuner for DOCSIS 3.0 and set-top box applications is presented. The dual tuner down-converts a total of ten 6 MHz Annex B channels or eight 8<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$~$</tex></formula>MHz Annex A channels, for a maximum data rate of 320 Mb/s in Annex B and 400 Mb/s in Annex A mode. The dual tuner exceeds all the stringent SCTE 40 specifications over the 48–1004<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$~$</tex> </formula>MHz bandwidth, without using any external components or SAW filters. Enabling technologies are a harmonic rejection front-end, a low-noise high-frequency resolution phase-locked loop (PLL) and digital image rejection. To our knowledge this is the first reported multi-channel Broadband Tuner embedded in a DOCSIS<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$~$</tex></formula>3.0 System on a Chip implemented in a 65 nm pure digital CMOS technology. </para>
Metagenomic Analysis of the Dynamic Changes in the Gut Microbiome of the Participants of the MARS-500 Experiment, Simulating Long Term Space Flight (2013)

A metagenomic analysis of the dynamic changes of the composition of the intestinal microbiome of five participants of the MARS-500 experiment was performed. DNA samples were isolated from the feces of the participants taken just before the experiment, upon 14, 30, 210, 363 and 510 days of isolation in the experimental module, and two weeks upon completion of the experiment. The taxonomic composition of the microbiome was analyzed by pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA gene fragments. Both the taxonomic and functional gene content of the microbiome of one participant were analyzed by whole metagenome sequencing using the SOLiD technique. Each participant had a specific microbiome that could be assigned to one of three recognized enterotypes. Two participants had enterotype I microbiomes characterized by the prevalence of Bacteroides, while the microbiomes of two others, assigned to type II, were dominated by Prevotella. One participant had a microbiome of mixed type. It was found that (1) changes in the taxonimic composition of the microbiomes occurred in the course of the experiment, but the enterotypes remained the same; (2) significant changes in the compositions of the microbiomes occurred just 14-30 days after the beginning of the experiment, presumably indicating the influence of stress factors in the first stage of the experiment; (3) a tendency toward a reversion of the microbiomes to their initial composition was observed two weeks after the end of the experiment, but complete recovery was not achieved. The metagenomic analysis of the microbiome of one of the participants showed that in spite of variations in the taxonomic compositions of microbiomes, the "functional" genetic composition was much more stable for most of the functional gene categories. Probably in the course of the experiment the taxonomic composition of the gut microbiome was adaptively changed to reflect the individual response to the experimental conditions. A new, balanced taxonomic composition of the microbiome was formed to ensure a stable gene content of the community as a whole without negative consequences for the health of the participants.
Distinguishing Complicated from Uncomplicated Bacteremia Caused by Staphylococcus aureus: The Value of "New" and "Old" Serological Tests (1986)

Antibody responses to staphylococcal α-toxin, cell wall teichoic acid, and cell\nwall peptodoglycan were measured in 259 serum samples from 74 consecutive\npatients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. All patients with complicated\nbacteremia were seropositive in at least one of three tests, and 18 (72%) of 25\nwere positive two or three assays; six (75%) of eight patients with\nendocarditis were positive for all three tests. In contrast, 15 (75%) of 20\npatients with uncomplicated bacteremia were positive in only one or none of the\ntests. These differences in antibody response patterns were statistically\nsignificant (Xsup2 = 18.33, P < .001). Patients with complicated bacteremia had\npeak antibody titers that were significantly higher than those of patients with\nuncomplicated bacteremia. The assay for antibody α-toxin was as sensitive as\nthe assays for antibody to cell wall antigens but had less specificity for\ncomplicated bacteremia. The clinical severity of the bacteremia did not\ncorrelate with a complicated vs. uncomplicated nature of the infection but was\npredictive of early death due to staphylococcemia. The calculated predictive\nvalues suggest that the serology of S. aureus bacteremia may be clinical\nvaluable when multiple tests are performed in paired serum samples.
Synthesis and characterisation of the complete series of B–N analogues of triptycene (2014)

The reaction between the bisborate Li2[o-C6H4(BH3)2] and 2 equivalents of an appropriate pyrazole derivative (Hpz(R)) in the presence of Me3SiCl yields o-phenylene-bridged pyrazaboles HB(μ-pz(R))2(μ-o-C6H4)BH (3a-3e; Hpz(R) = 4-iodopyrazole (3a), 4-(trimethylsilyl)pyrazole (3b), 3,5-dimethylpyrazole (3c), 3,5-di(tert-butyl)pyrazole (3d), 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)pyrazole (3e)). The synthesis approach thus provides access to uncharged B-N triptycenes bearing (i) functionalisable groups, (ii) electron-donating or -withdrawing substituents and (iii) pyrazole rings of varying steric demand. Treatment of p-R*C6H4BBr2 with the potassium tris(pyrazol-1-yl)borates K[HBpz3] or K[p-R*C6H4Bpz3] yields cationic pyrazolyl-bridged pyrazaboles [p-BrC6H4B(μ-pz)3BH]Br ([4a]Br) and [p-R*C6H4B(μ-pz)3Bp-C6H4R*]Br (R* = Br ([4b]Br), I ([4c]Br), SiMe3 ([4d]Br)), which can be regarded as full B-N analogues of triptycene. The B-H bonds of 3b and [4a]Br are unreactive towards tBuC[triple bond, length as m-dash]CH even at temperatures of 80 °C, thereby indicating an appreciable thermal stability of the corresponding B-N cage bonds. Most of the cage compounds are sufficiently inert towards water to allow quick aqueous workup. However, NMR spectroscopy in CD3OD solution reveals degradation of 3b or [4a]Br to the corresponding pyrazoles and o-C6H4(B(OCD3)2)2 or p-BrC6H4B(OCD3)2/B(OCD3)3. The diphenylated species [4b]Br is significantly more stable under the same measurement conditions; even after 76 d, most of the material degrades only to the stage of the syn/anti-pyrazaboles p-BrC6H4(CD3O)B(μ-pz)2B(OCD3)p-C6H4Br (11a/11b). A derivatisation of [4c]Br with nBu3SnC≡CtBu through Stille-type coupling reactions furnishes the alkynyl derivative [p-tBuC≡CC6H4B(μ-pz)3Bp-C6H4C≡CtBu]Br ([4e]Br). Larger B-N aggregates are also accessible: treatment of the tetrakisborate Li4[1,2,4,5-C6H2(BH3)4] with 4 equivalents of Hpz(R) in the presence of Me3SiCl leads to the corresponding B-N pentiptycenes (Hpz(R) = 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)pyrazole (14a), 4-(trimethylsilyl)pyrazole (14b), 3,5-dimethylpyrazole (14c), 3,5-di(tert-butyl)pyrazole (14d)).
Streaming Video QoE Modeling and Prediction: A Long Short-Term Memory\n Approach (2018)

HTTP based adaptive video streaming has become a popular choice of streaming\ndue to the reliable transmission and the flexibility offered to adapt to\nvarying network conditions. However, due to rate adaptation in adaptive\nstreaming, the quality of the videos at the client keeps varying with time\ndepending on the end-to-end network conditions. Further, varying network\nconditions can lead to the video client running out of playback content\nresulting in rebuffering events. These factors affect the user satisfaction and\ncause degradation of the user quality of experience (QoE). It is important to\nquantify the perceptual QoE of the streaming video users and monitor the same\nin a continuous manner so that the QoE degradation can be minimized. However,\nthe continuous evaluation of QoE is challenging as it is determined by complex\ndynamic interactions among the QoE influencing factors. Towards this end, we\npresent LSTM-QoE, a recurrent neural network based QoE prediction model using a\nLong Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network. The LSTM-QoE is a network of cascaded\nLSTM blocks to capture the nonlinearities and the complex temporal dependencies\ninvolved in the time varying QoE. Based on an evaluation over several publicly\navailable continuous QoE databases, we demonstrate that the LSTM-QoE has the\ncapability to model the QoE dynamics effectively. We compare the proposed model\nwith the state-of-the-art QoE prediction models and show that it provides\nsuperior performance across these databases. Further, we discuss the state\nspace perspective for the LSTM-QoE and show the efficacy of the state space\nmodeling approaches for QoE prediction.\n
Alkane- and cyclohexanesulfonyl fluorides (1975)

RSO2F (R = octyl, tert-nonyl, or cyclohexyl) were prepd. in 30-80% yield by adding RSH to liq. .apprx.80% HF and passing NO2 into the emulsion formed at temps. <30 Deg. [on SciFinder (R)]
A More Aggressive Approach is Needed for Gas Separation Membrane Development (2006)

numbers are impressive: hollow fiber modules can contain 10,000 m 2 /m 3 of module, which is over 100 times larger than early plate and frame units 1) . Such high efficiency modules provide the needed volumetric productivity to maintain compact system sizes for large scale applications with huge membrane area requirements.
Electrochromic Nickel-Oxide-Based Films : Basic Properties and Applications to Flexible Devices (2004)

Electrochromic Nickel-Oxide-Based Films : Basic Properties and Applications to Flexible Devices
Competition and synergism between calcium and barium upon insulin release (1975)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Vitamin d status and bone mineral density in an australian cystic fibrosis population (2001)

An alarming incidence of low bone mineral density (BMD) has been identified in individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) predisposing them to an increased fracture rate. Many predisposing factors that could contribute to the evolution of low BMD, including vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency is rarely found in the Australian general population as a result of ample sun exposure and therefore vitamin D supplementation is not routine for patients with CF. Methods: All patients with CF who attend two Queensland CF clinics were invited to participate. BMD of the total body and lumbar spine was performed on 112 individuals. Blood was collected for 250H vitamin D and 1,250H vitamin D. Results: A BMD z-score of -2.0 were found in the lumbar spine of 17 and total body of 6 individuals (16% of total group, 19 years n=3). Mean (SD) BMD z-scores for lumbar spine were significantly lower than the reference values (table). 1,2SOH Vitamin D was normal in all patients (n=98) but 250H Vitamin D was below the reference range in 5 individuals.p value by t-testReference range:40-150pmol/L Reference range:25-150nmol/L Conclusion: Despite normal levels of the active forms of vitamin D, our population has low BMD of the lumbar spine. Age group BMD Tola! p BMD Lumbar p 1,25 OH Vitamin 25 OH Vitamin In) Body(SD) value Spine (SD) value Dpmol/LlSD) D nmol/L(SD) 5-11(29) -0.26(1.2) 0.22 -0.91(1,51 0.003 96.4(29.2) 65.1(17.6) 12-18 -0.21(1.1) (TI9 -0.83(1.3) 19(41) 0.03(0.8) 0.81 -0.35(1.2) 0.06 103.5(45.4) 53.5(19.6).
Dynamical analysis of single-inductor dual-output DC-DC converters (2013)

In this paper, a single-inductor single-input boost-type dual-output dc-dc converter is studied. Peak current-mode control is used for the main switch whereas the output switch is controlled by voltage-mode controller. To regulate both the output voltages proportional-integral compensator is introduced. In the state-space the five-dimensional system is divided into four subsystems by four switching surfaces. Due to the large number of subsystems, Filippov's method is used to obtain the stable operating region in the design parameter space. Coexisting attractors, period-doubling and Neimark-Sacker bifurcations are identified as the major causes of the possible instabilities. Detailed studies of the possible bifurcation scenarios (smooth as well as nonsmooth) have been done by detecting the stable as well as unstable orbits and by calculating their eigenvalues.
Deep‐blue Organic Light‐emitting Diodes: From Fluorophores to Phosphors for High‐efficiency Devices (2016)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Fluorescent Emitters Phosphorescent Emitters Future Perspectives and Ongoing Challenges
Open Problem Concerning Fourier Transforms of Radial Functions in Euclidean Space and on Spheres (2001)

Let P n (λ) be the Gegenbauer polynomials, orthogonal on [−1,1] with respect to the weight (1 − t 2)λ−1/2, normalised by $$P_n^{(\lambda )}(1) = \frac{{\Gamma (n + 2\lambda )}}{{\Gamma (2\lambda )\Gamma (n + 1)}}$$.
Analysis of Pigments in the Printing Inks of the First Japanese Postage Stamps, the Hand-Engraved Issues (2016)

Abstract Pigments in the printing inks employed for Japanese hand-engraved stamps, the first issues of Japanese postage stamps, were analyzed and characterized by means of FTIR, Raman, and XRF spectroscopy. This work has revealed, for the first time, the changes of the pigments used for all colors of the stamps issued during 1871–1876, and it has been recognized that a drastic change in the ink composition occurred in 1872, when the printing of the stamps was transferred from Matsuda to the Government.
Delta‐F508 cystic fibrosis mutation is not linked to intussusception: Implications for rotavirus vaccine (2003)

Testing for the CF delta-F508 mutation at birth is unlikely to identify infants predisposed to intussusception, and therefore is not relevant to rotavirus vaccine programs.
New procedure for design of microstrip patch antennas using method of moments (1997)

This paper will investigate and discuss the design of microstrip patch antennas, using the theoretical method developed by Abd-Alhameed and Excell (1996). The method is capable of accurately predicting currents, impedance and resonant frequency for any arbitrary surface patch antenna. The patch can be fed either by a microstrip transmission line contacting an edge of the patch, or by a coaxial probe extending through the ground plane and contacting the patch. The surface-patch dipole modes are used to model the microstrip patch. The patch surface is modelled by rectangular and triangular patches, while the strips, corresponding to their dominant current, are modelled by the same surface patches or by segments which include the discontinuity at the edges. The losses that are considered for the microstrip patch antenna, based on the surface patch model, are calculated by applying a similar method to that used for the thin wire antenna. A finite size model of the dielectric substrate is assumed. The moment method solution for the dielectric geometry is implemented by using rectangular volume cells. The method can be used for any arbitrary field distribution within the dielectric, but for the case of a microstrip antenna on a thin substrate it is sufficient to use only the dominant field component, normal to the ground plane. This approximation is also extended to the fringing fields, since this saves computing time and gives adequate results. Various copper patches have been tested experimentally. The results of the measurement are in good agreement with the computed ones.
Las predicciones científicas de D.I. Mendeleiev (2008)

Este trabajo estudia las predicciones de Mendeleiev sobre la posible equivalencia entre materia y energia. Al mismo tiempo hace una critica de algunos comentarios sobre este punto aparecidos en la bibliografia. Pretende ser un recuerdo del autor ruso en el centenario de su muerte.
Glomerular hemodynamics and alpha 2-adrenoreceptor stimulation: the role of renal nerves (1990)

We evaluated the effects of alpha 2-adrenoceptor stimulation on the determinants of nephron filtration rate (SNGFR) using micropuncture in Munich-Wistar rats. Micropuncture was performed in animals 5-7 days after sham surgery (group 1) or renal denervation (DNX) (groups 2, 3, and 4). Glomerular hemodynamic measurements were made before and during a systemic infusion of the alpha 2-agonist, B-HT 933 (1.0 mg.kg-1.h-1) (groups 1, 2, and 3). Group 3 rats were pretreated with the alpha 2-antagonist, yohimbine (3 mg.kg-1.h-1). In group 4, hydralazine was substituted for B-HT 933 to dissociate specific alpha 2-effects from nonspecific effects on blood pressure. Arterial pressure declined by similar amounts between experimental periods in groups 1, 2, and 4. In group 1, B-HT 933 caused SNGFR to increase due to an increment in nephron plasma flow. In group 2, B-HT 933 caused SNGFR to decrease due to a decrement in glomerular ultrafiltration coefficient (LpA). In groups 3 and 4, SNGFR was unaffected by B-HT 933 or hydralazine. Ligand-binding studies in glomerular membranes documented the presence of alpha 2-adrenoreceptors (275 +/- 22 fmol/mg protein). Receptor density was not altered by DNX. These observations could be explained by an alpha 2-mediated inhibition of renal nerve activity combined with intrinsic sympathomimetic effects not dependent on renal nerves, with the latter effects unmasked by DNX and manifested by a decrease in LpA.
Determination of Heat Transfer During Gear Blank Quenching (2001)

This article presents experimental and numerical results for the quench of a gear blank in agitated and stagnant oil. The time history of temperature is determined with a whole-domain optimizer technique inverse solution method. This article offers a procedure to calculate the surface heat transfer on the quenched part by utilizing a straightforward minimization of an appropriate norm. The article presents 10 variations in setting up this inverse problem. The results indicate that dividing the boundary of the gear blank into four zones and assigning a fixed heat transfer coefficient or heat flux to each zone yields an average error of 40 K. This error can be reduced by either increasing the number of zones or by allowing the heat transfer coefficient or heat flux to vary within the zones. Of these possibilities, variation of heat transfer within the zones results in a greater reduction of the average error for the required level of computational effort.
Beyond the arithmetic constraint: depth-optimal mapping of logic chains in reconfigurable fabrics (2008)

Look-up table based FPGAs have migrated from a niche technology for design prototyping to a valuable end-product component and, in some cases, a replacement for general purpose processors and ASICs alike. One way architects have bridged the performance gap between FPGAs and ASICs is through the inclusion of specialized components such as multipliers, RAM modules, and microcontrollers. Another dedicated structure that has become standard in reconfigurable fabrics is the arithmetic carry chain. Currently, it is only used to map arithmetic operations as identified by HDL macros. For non-arithmetic operations, it is an idle but potentially powerful resource. 
Obstacles to using the carry chain for generic logic operations include lack of architectural and computer-aided design support. Current carry-select architectures facilitate carry chain reuse, although they do so only for (K-1)-input operations. Additionally, hardware description language (HDL) macros are the only recourse for a designer wishing to map generic logic chains in a carry-select architecture. A novel architecture that allows the full K-input operational capacity of the carry chain to be harnessed is presented as a solution to current architectural limitations. It is shown to have negligible impact on logic element area and delay. Using only two additional 2:1 pass transistor multiplexers, it enables the transmission of a K-input operation to the carry chain and general routing simultaneously. To successfully identify logic chains in an arbitrary Boolean network, ChainMap is presented as a novel technology mapping algorithm. ChainMap creates delay-optimal generic logic chains in polynomial time without HDL macros. It maps both arithmetic and non-arithmetic logic chains whenever depth increasing nodes, which increase logic depth but not routing depth, are encountered. Use of the chain is not reserved for arithmetic, but rather any set of gates exhibiting similar characteristics. By using the carry chain as a generic, near zero-delay adjacent cell interconnection structure a potential average optimal speedup of 1.4x is revealed. Post place and route experiments indicate that ChainMap solutions perform similarly to HDL chains when cluster resources are abundant and significantly better in cluster-constrained arrays.
Coherent beams from high efficiency two-dimensional surface-emitting semiconductor laser arrays (1991)

We have fabricated and operated large two-dimensional (2D) arrays of phase-locked surface-emitting semiconductor lasers. The arrays were fabricated by reactive ion beam etching of epitaxial Fabry–Perot resonators comprising GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells surrounded by AlAs-AlGaAs quarter-wave mirrors. Different arrays corresponding to different pixel size (2–5 μm) and spacing (1–2 μm) were produced to investigate evanescent coupling between pixels. The arrays were photopumped so that the array size could be conveniently varied from 1×1, 2×2,... up to 20×20. Except for the 1×1 which emits a circular pattern, all arrays exhibit a well-defined four-lobed far-field pattern in agreement with our theoretical analysis of the optical modes which predicts domination by the 2D out-of-phase eigenmode. As a consequence this pattern can be understood with simple Fraunhofer diffraction theory. The angular spread of the lobes, determined by the periodicity of the array elements, is 10° for the array with element size/spacing of 4/1 μm. The widths of the lobes are 6.7° for the 2×2 and narrow to 3.2° with increasing number of pixels in the array. The array exhibits a sharp onset for lasing, operation on a single longitudinal mode, and a linewidth which narrows to ∼1 Å with increasing array size. The differential power efficiency is as high as 70%. These observations provide further impetus and guidance for the development of 2D laser diode arrays.