gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Techbits: Enhancing Production in Russia's Oil and Gas Fields (2006)

Nearly 100 participants in an SPE Applied Technology Workshop (ATW) in Moscow discussed the application of horizontal wells (HWs) and multilateral wells (MWs) in Russia, where horizontal drilling is widely practiced. Case studies were presented from western Siberia, Sakhalin, Canada, the Middle East, and the North Sea to stimulate discussion of where it is best to use HWs and MWs and, alternatively, where other forms of production enhancement such as hydraulic fracturing might be more appropriate. The second part of the workshop focused on execution—drilling, completion, and life-of-field monitoring. Status of Well Technology Sibneft Chief Engineer Iskander Diyashev opened the discussion, describing how the company has enhanced production in its Noyabrsk western Siberia operation with 50% of the increase coming from HWs (even though these wells make up only 4% of the total well stock). TRACS-Consult Petroleum Engineering Consultant Robert Holtslag gave an overview of HWs in Russia where there are ≈2,500 of a worldwide total of ≈75,000. The Russian wells have productivity improvement (PI) factors in the range of 1.2–3. Holtslag pointed out that a major challenge is to increase the lower end of this range so that more HWs have robust economics. Schlumberger Middle East Chief Reservoir Engineer Fikri Kuchuk examined HW and MW performance, emphasizing the shortfall in performance as a result of inadequate cleanup, water sumps in the wellbore, and uneven pressure distribution in the near-wellbore formation that may reduce the PI factor to 30–50% of its potential value. He stressed the importance of drilling horizontal sections, which avoids sumps and highs where water and gas can accumulate. Sibneft Reservoir Engineer Elena Khairulina presented implementation of modeling HW performance using many examples from Noyabrsk. Case Histories and Screening Sibneft Reservoir Engineer Larisa Gaponova described the optimization of Sugmutsky field development by use of HWs. The peak oil production almost doubled with a much smaller number of wells. She compared a 500-m-long HW with a vertical well (VW) with a vertical hydraulic fracture. The initial PI factor was ≈4.4, stabilizing at a current value of 3, while the initial water cut was two times less than that from a typical VW and stabilized at 3.4 times less. Sibneft Stimulation and Completion Engineer Andrey Brovchuk explained hydraulic fracturing of openhole HWs in western Siberia, showing that a post-frac improvement of 150% was achieved and that 3.5% of production was achieved from 14 HWs with hydraulic fractures. Economides Consulting Partner Andronikus Demarchos described a transversely fractured HW in Algeria where four fractures were created with 70-m spacing along an HW. Each fracture used 100 to 200 tons of proppant. Results will become known when bridge plugs, needed in order to create multiple fractures, are drilled out.
A Programmable Display Test Unit (1978)

The present approach to testing and aligning complex avionic information display systems such as those in the F-14A, E-2C, and S-3A aircraft has been highly specialized, and military experience with this approach reveals that it is complicated, time-consuming, and often seriously compromises test effectiveness. Attempts to use general-purpose automatic test equipment (ATE) for display testing also have not been entirely successful because of the need for highly complex, externally situated equipment and adapters. Based on this premise, PRD Electronics has undertaken the development of a unique display test unit which under program control meets the test needs of many display systems, such as those in the A-7E and F-18 aircraft, without proliferation of hardware and without the need for "reengineering" the unit for each new application. Program control provides Electronic Industries Association (EIA) standard video formats as well as various test patterns for performance evaluation. This paper addresses the overall system considerations as well as some of the unique techniques employed.
<title>University Of California Ten Meter Telescope Project</title> (1982)

The University of California is planning to build a segmented, ten-meter effective diameter optical and infrared telescope for use by its astronomers. The anticipated site for the telescope is Mauna Kea, Hawaii. The details of the design and the current activities on prototypes as well as a technical demonstration will be described. The design employs 36 actively controlled hexagonal mirror segments that form a mosaic primary mirror. As the primary will be parabolic, the segments will be off-axis sections of a paraboloid, each segment to be 7.5 cm thick and 1.8 m in diameter. The segments will be polished to their desired shape by stressed mirror polishing, a technique for making non-axisymmetric surfaces. The active control system employs displacement sensors at the edges of the segments that allow the positions of all the mirror segments to be determined; the segments' positions are adjusted by three displacement actuators per segment. The basic characteristics of the control system and its critical components will be described. The overall optical design of the telescope will be a Pitchey-Cretien f/1.75 - f/15 system. The goals and the design of the surrounding building and dome will be described. The dome is extremely compact, and rotates on a stationary building in the manner of conventional telescope domes.
양파 Oleoresin 의 저장중 품질 변화 (1998)

양파를 생채로 착즙하여 분리한 액즙을 Brix 70%까지 감압농축시킨 것과 이어서 잔사에 ethyl alcohol을 가하여 추출한 것을 농축시켜 같이 합하고, 갈변방지를 위하여 1% cysteine의 첨가와 유화제로서 2% PGDR을 첨가하여 양파 oleoresin을 제조하고 저장중 품질 안정성을 검토하였다. 양파로부터 oleoresin에 추출된 당은 저장온도 5℃, 25℃ 및 40℃에서 매우 안정하여 저장 60일후까지도 함량변화는 거의 일어나지 않았다. 양파 oleoresin 추출 직후 갈변도를 나타내는 흡광도가 0.38로 담갈색을 띄었는데 5℃에서는 저장 60일 후에도 변화가 거의 없었으나, 25℃ 및 40℃에서 저장한 경우는 60일후 흡광도가 1.53 및 3.32로 증가하였고, cysteine을 1% 첨가한 경우는 대조구에 비하여 갈색 억제효과가 상당히 나타나 40℃에서 60일간 저장하였을 때의 흡광도는 대조구의 절반 수준으로 나타났다. 유화 안정성은 5℃ 저장의 경우 20일, 40일 및 60일후에 분리되지 않는 emulsion 층의 부피가 각각 96.8%, 94.1% 및 90.6%로 매우 안정하였고, 25℃ 및 40℃에서 60일 저장후는 83.2% 및 75.4%로 유화상태가 다소 불안정하였다. 생채 양파로부터 추출한 oleoresin을 저장시키지 않고 바로 대두유에 1% 첨가한 경우와 0.02% BHA를 첨가하였을 때 A.I. 는 각각 1.39 및 1.72를 나타내어 0.02% BHA를 첨가한 대두유의 유도기간 연장효과에 대하여 80.8%에 해당하는 항산화 활성을 나타내었고, 5℃ 및 25℃에서 60일 동안 저장한 양파 oleoresin을 대두유에 각각 1% 첨가하였을 때의 A.I. 는 1.37 및 1.30을 나타내어 실온 또는 그 이하의 온도에서는 양파 oleoresin이 가지는 항산화 활성은 매우 안정하였으며, 40℃에서 저장 60일후의 양파 oleoresin의 A.I. 는 1.08로 나타나 고온에서 저장기일이 길어질수록 양파 oleoresin의 항산화활성은 다소 불안정하였다. Overall odor intensity의 지표로서 total pyruvate 함량변화는 5℃, 25℃ 및 40℃에서 저장 60일후 잔존율이 각각 89.9%, 79.7% 및 65.2%로 저온에서는 상당히 안정하였다. 양파 oleoresin의 저장중 pyruvate 감소에 대한 반응속도 상수는 저장온도 범위 5∼10℃에서 1.381∼4.735mmol/l·hr, Q10 값은 1.537∼1.694, 그리고 활성화 에너지는 11.649㎉/g mole이었다.
Investigation of analog charge multiplexing schemes for SiPM based PET block detectors (2013)

Reducing the number of output channels in pixelated positron emission tomography (PET) detectors is an effective way to minimize cost and complexity while minimizing the impact on detector performance. This paper compares the system performance of two multiplexing schemes by using both simulation and experimental studies, with respect to spatial, time and energy resolutions. Simulations were performed using the SPICE environment to investigate differences in resulting flood histograms and rising edge slopes. Experiments were performed using lutetium-yttrium oxyorthosilicate (LYSO) crystals coupled to a SensL ArraySL-4 silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) connected to interchangeable circuit boards containing the two multiplexing schemes of interest. Three crystal configurations were tested: a single crystal element (3×3×20 mm(3)), 2×2 array (crystal pitch: 2×2) and 6×6 array (crystal pitch: 2.1×2.1×20 mm(3)). Good agreement was found between the simulations and experiment results. It is found that the capacitive multiplexing is able to achieve an improved time resolution of good uniformity (average of 1.11 ± 0.01 ns and 1.90 ± 0.03 ns for the arrays, respectively) and crystal separation, compared to the resistive multiplexing (average of 1.95 ± 0.03 ns and 3.33 ± 0.10 ns). On the other hand, the resistive multiplexing demonstrates slightly improved energy resolution (11 ± 0.1% and 22 ± 0.6%, compared to 12 ± 0.1% and 24 ± 0.4% for the capacitive array), which is believed to be caused by the RC circuit formed between the splitting capacitors and the input impedance of amplifiers. The relevancy of this work to the PET block detector design using SiPM arrays is also discussed, including light sharing, edge compression and gain variation among SiPM pixels.
Bronchiolitis obliterans following haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (2007)

The aim of the present article is to review the available clinical data on bronchiolitis obliterans following haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The data sources used were the Medline database and references from the identified articles related to bronchiolitis obliterans, noninfectious pulmonary complications and HSCT. HSCT is an important treatment for a variety of malignant and nonmalignant conditions. However, the procedure is limited by significant complications that may involve every organ of the body. Pulmonary complications are seen in 40-60% of HSCT recipients. The recent advances in prophylaxis and treatment of infectious complications have increased the significance of late noninfectious pulmonary conditions. Currently, bronchiolitis obliterans is one of the most challenging pulmonary complications facing clinicians who are taking care of haematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients. This article reviews the clinical and pathological features of this condition, sheds some light on potential mechanisms of pathogenesis, and discusses the available management options.
Zur Arbeits- und Erwerbsfähigkeit eines Bergmannes nach operativer und strahlentherapeutischer Behandlung eines Karzinoms im Oropharynxbereich (1984)

Festellung der Erwerbsfähigkeit eines im Untertagebetrieb arbeitenden Hauers nach operativer und strahlentherapeutischer Behandlung eines Malignoms im Oropharynxbereich.
Swinburne’s Conception of Shelley (1980)

"Although Swinburne wrote only three essays exclusively devoted to Shelley, his comments on Shelley in his poetry, in his letters, and in the rest of his essays are all but innumerable. In the present study, I intend to examine those comments that are germane to understanding how Swinburne conceived of Shelley as an advocate of political and religious freedom. Such a focus must leave out many aspects of Shelley that Swinburne commented on but which are not central to understanding the importance of Shelley to Swinburne..."
Off-time swimming pool surveillance using thermal imaging system (2011)

This paper introduces an effective intruder detection algorithm for an off-time swimming pool surveillance using thermal imaging system. Two sub-algorithms are developed for intruder detection outside and inside swimming pool regions during off-time. The algorithm can detect not only moving human in different directions, but also any water activity in the swimming pool caused by human intruder such as swimming, water-splashing and others. The dimension of human head shape is used for detecting human head while the difference of black colour pixel between successive thermal images is the criteria employed to detect any water activity due to humans. Experimental results show that the intruder detection algorithm achieved high accuracy of 95.58% for region outside swimming pool and 92.44% for region inside swimming pool.
Differential Sperm Motility Scoring and Sperm ATP Concentrations (1993)

Sperm motility is one of the most important parameters in semen analysis. In this study the motility scoring method of Hellinga was used. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the main energy source used by the sperm flagellum to initiate and propagate forward motility. This study was conducted to evaluate the interrelationships between sperm ATP and differential motility. The differential motility method supplemented the conventional by which the quantitative and qualitative motility were estimated. There was a good correlation between the differential motility scoring method and sperm [ATP], although the latter did not necessarily improve the diagnostic capacity.
An all-implanted CCD/CMOS process (1981)

A process has been developed that combines double-polysilicon, surface-type, n-channel charge-coupled devices (CCD's) with silicon-gate CMOS circuits on the same substrate. The process is all ion-implanted (including the getter step), requires only one more masking step than the 18-V CMOS flow, and is fully compatible with the 5-µm-gate-length silicon-gate Planox (localized oxidation of silicon) CMOS process. To demonstrate the design flexibility afforded by the availability of both p- and n-channel transistors, CCD shift registers with CMOS peripheral circuits and a silicon-gate CMOS operational amplifier have been designed and characterized. Low-pass and band-pass filters have also been designed and characterized and found to be comparable with those fabricated through the conventional CCD/NMOS process.
Regulation of intestinal immunity: Effects of the oral adjuvant <i>Escherichia coli</i> heat‐labile enterotoxin on migrating dendritic cells (2006)

Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (Etx) is an oral adjuvant in mice. We show that this is also true for rats. To understand this adjuvant activity we examined lymph dendritic cells (DC) migrating from the intestine to mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) in animals fed Etx. These DC can prime antigen-specific antibody responses. We show that in rats the small intestine contains 7-24 million DC and 8 x 10(5 )of these migrate to MLN each day. Surprisingly, Etx does not stimulate increased migration of lymph DC. However, oral Etx affects the activation, antigen transport and localization of migratory DC. Specifically, expression of CD25 increases on the CD172a(high) subset of lymph DC. Oral Etx also increases the number of CD172a(high) lymph DC containing co-administered ovalbumin. CD172a(high) lymph DC treated with Etx in vitro, or purified from the lymph of animals fed Etx, stimulate stronger proliferative responses from primed T cells. Etx also directs more of the CD172a(high) lymph DC into the central region of the MLN T cell areas. This change in DC localization is associated with an increase in the expression of CCR7. These data help advance our understanding of the role of DC in initiating mucosal immune responses in vivo.
Fast active contour for object tracking in image sequence (2014)

This paper proposes a segmentation method of 2D image sequence based on active contour or snake. We define energy functional of active contour for detecting object in first frame of sequence. Then, the final snake is used as initial snake in the next frame. Our idea of tracking object is achieved by change of energy functional. Therefore, we substitute balloon energy of first energy functional by new energy. We propose a new formula of this new energy that guarantees fast tracking of movement of snake points. Hence, rapidity of our active contour is based on three notions: proposed initialization, change of energy functional and new motion energy. The efficiency of our approach is shown through some experimental results using three image sequences: synthetic sequence, moving biological cell sequence and echocardiograph image sequence. Its rapidity is justified by runtime comparison with a conventional method.
Proportional Delay Guarantee in Web QoS Based on Predictive Control (2009)

As the heterogeneity of Web clients increasing, the differentiated service becomes an important issue for e-commerce Web sites, and the control theory has already been used for this in Web server. However, when workloads vary significantly, the real-time performance of feedback control needs to be improved. After analyzing the heavy-tailed property of embedded files in Web pages, this paper presents a predictive approach based on the queuing feature of Web server and HTTP 1.1 persistent connections. It achieves the relative delay guarantee by calculating the future delay of different priorities and adjusting their quota of service threads. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach performs a better dynamic property.
Measuring morbidity in schistosomiasis mansoni: relationship between image pattern, portal vein diameter and portal branch thickness in large‐scale surveys using new WHO coding guidelines for ultrasound in schistosomiasis (2003)

Niamey scoring criteria performed acceptably as a relative grading system for disease in schistosomiasis mansoni, but failed to account fully for site-to-site variation in test performance and morbidity prevalence. Consequently, standardized image pattern scoring appears to provide the most useful tool for detection and comparison of S. mansoni-associated morbidity in large-scale surveys.
Trip Mining and Recommendation from Geo-tagged Photos (2012)

Trip planning is generally a very time-consuming task due to the complex trip requirements and the lack of convenient tools/systems to assist the planning. In this paper, we propose a travel path search system based on geo-tagged photos to facilitate tourists' trip planning, not only for where to visit but also how to visit. The large scale geo-tagged photos that are public ally available on the web make this system possible, as geo-tagged photos encode rich travel-related metadata and can be used to mine travel paths from previous tourists. In this work, about 20 million geo-tagged photos were crawled from Panoramio.com. Then a substantial number of travel paths are minded from the crawled geo-tagged photos. After that, a search system is built to index and search the paths, and the Sparse Chamfer Distance is proposed to measure the similarity of two paths. The search system supports various types of queries, including (1) a destination name, (2) a user-specified region on the map, (3) some user-preferred locations. Based on the search system, users can interact with the system by specifying a region or several interest points on the map to find paths. Extensive experiments show the effectiveness of the proposed framework.
Moving target detection in complex scenes based on spatio-temporal domain analysis (2010)

This paper proposes a method to suppress the false positives of dynamic background based on Mixture of Gaussians (MOG) background modeling in space domain and time domain. In space domain, MRF and MOG model are used to calculate the class-prior probability and class-conditional-probability of the pixel. Foreground segmentation is completed by combine of the class-prior probability and class-conditional-probability of the pixel, and most false positives of small size are suppressed. In time domain, false positives are suppressed on three target characteristics: motion constancy, motion saliency and area stabilization. The results of experiment show that the false positives of dynamic background could be suppressed to a great extent while good detecting accuracy is ensured.
Rotating Wedge Cyclotron Beam Degrader (1975)

A rotating wedge beam degrader provides rapid, continuously variable beams over wide energy ranges with good stability down to intensities as low as 100 particles per second. Used in conjunction with the energy analyzing magnets and beam switching magnet, this system has provided extremely clean beams for calibration of energy resolution and absolute energy response in detectors in the direct beam, as well as for study of other detector properties.
THE INHERITANCE OF A NEW SOURCE OF RESISTANCE TO EXSEROHILUM TURCICUM (PASS) LEONARD AND SUGGS DERIVED FROM THE MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.) VARIETY 'MAYORBELLA' (PI 209135) (1983)

The corn (Zea mays L.) inbred H102 selected from the cross C123 x 'Mayorbella' is highly resistant to Exserohilum turcicum (Pass) Leonard and Suggs (northern corn leaf blight). To determine the inheritance of that resistance, H102 was crossed to four inbreds susceptible to northern corn leaf blight (NCLB) and to two inbreds with either the Ht or Ht2 gene for chlorotic lesion resistance to NCLB. The parents, F(,1)s, F(,2)s and backcrosses to the susceptible parent (BC1) were inoculated with spores of E. turcicum and rated for disease development using a 0 to 5 scale (completely resistant to completely susceptible, respectively) susceptible in field evaluations (1981 and 1982), and rated as resistant or susceptible in greenhouse evaluations (1982 and 1983). The F(,1)s of all crosses were resistant indicating that the resistance of H102 is partially dominant. Field and greenhouse evaluations of F(,2) and BC1 populations of H102 x susceptible crosses show the resistance of H102 to E. turcicum to be controlled by a single gene. Progeny of additional crosses of H102 x NN14A and NN14B, which carry the Ht and Ht2 genes for chlorotic lesion resistance, respectively, show the resistance in H102 to be controlled by a locus other than Ht or Ht2. Evidence is presented which suggests that the field resistance of H102 may be controlled by both monogenic and multigenic resistance, making H102 and the variety 'Mayorbella' desirable and durable sources of resistance to E. turcicum.
Diffusion of micelle-bound molecules to electrodes in solutions of ionic surfactants (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiffusion of micelle-bound molecules to electrodes in solutions of ionic surfactantsJames F. Rusling, Chun Nian. Shi, and Thomas F. KumosinskiCite this: Anal. Chem. 1988, 60, 13, 1260–1267Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00164a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00164a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views213Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
[Varicocele: spermiogram, testicular biopsy, plasma testosterone. Results of therapy (author's transl)]. (1977)

<p>It is known that viscoelastic fluids exhibit elastic instabilities in simple shear flow and flow with curved streamlines. During flow through a straight microchannel with pillars, we found strikingly strong hydrodynamic instabilities characterized by very large transversal excursions, even leading to a complete change in lanes, and the presence of fast and slowmoving lanes. Particle image velocimetry measurements through a pillared microchannel provide experimental evidence of these instabilities at a very low Reynolds number (&lt; 0.01). The instability is characterized by a rapid increase in spatial and temporal fluctuations of velocity components and pressure at a critical Deborah number. We characterize under which conditions these strong instabilities arise.</p>