gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ELEVATION OF CYCLIC GMP LEVELS IN CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM BY EXCITATORY AND INHIBITORY AMINO ACIDS<sup>1</sup> (1974)

Abstract —Guanosine 3′,5’cyclic monophosphate (cyclic GMP) levels in incubated slices of mouse cerebellum are increased 10‐fold by glutamate and two‐to three‐fold by glycine or γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA). Glutamate also produces a 10‐fold increase in adenosine 3′,5’cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP) in the same tissue. However, GABA decreases cyclic AMP levels 30‐40 per cent, and glycine produces only a transient 50 per cent accumulation of this cyclic nucleotide. Theophylline slightly augments the accumulation of cyclic GMP produced by all three amino acids but markedly attenuates the accumulation of cyclic AMP produced by glutamate. In the absence of Ca 2+ , none of the three amino acids has any effect on cyclic GMP levels, and glutamate produces only a 50 per cent rise in cyclic AMP levels. The decrease of cyclic AMP levels produced by GABA is not affected by theophylline or by the absence of Ca 2+ . These data suggest an involvement of both cyclic GMP and cyclic AMP in the neurochemical actions of glutamate, GABA and glycine.
Effects of Alumina Addition on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Bone Chine Bodies (1979)

ボーンチャイナ素地にアルミナを添加した場合の素地の焼成過程, 物性, 結晶相に対する添加の影響を考察した. 素地の焼成過程は微構造的に検討した. 更に焼成素地についてかさ比重, 弾性率, 抗折強度, 膨張係数, 熱伝導率, 電気的特性, 結晶相の関係を検討した.アルミナを添加した場合, アルミナの一部は素地中のリン酸成分と反応してAlPO4を生成し, また一部は溶液相へ溶け, 更に一部はコランダムとして晶出した. AlPO4は固相反応と再結晶により生成した. 温度上昇に伴う液相の発達はアルミナ質素地の方が石英質素地より遅かった. 素地におけるアルミナの添加量の増加に伴い, 熱伝導率と抗折強度は増大し, 膨張係数は減小した. その結果, ボーンチャイナ素地において, 石英をアルミナで置換することにより熱衝撃抵抗性が増加することを認めた.
CXCL1, CCL2, and CCL5 modulation by microbial and biomechanical signals in periodontal cells and tissues—in vitro and in vivo studies (2020)

Mechanical loading might aggravate periodontal infection by compromising the recruitment of immunoinflammatory cells.
Ultrathin Coatings and (Poly(glutamic acid)/Polyallylamine) Films Deposited by Continuous and Simultaneous Spraying (2004)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteUltrathin Coatings and (Poly(glutamic acid)/Polyallylamine) Films Deposited by Continuous and Simultaneous SprayingC. H. Porcel, A. Izquierdo, V. Ball, G. Decher, J.-C. Voegel, and P. SchaafView Author Information Unité INSERM U595, 2, Rue Humann, 67000, Strasbourg, France, and Institut Charles Sadron (CNRS-ULP), 6, rue Boussingault, 67083 Strasbourg Cedex, France Cite this: Langmuir 2005, 21, 2, 800–802Publication Date (Web):December 17, 2004Publication History Received1 October 2004Published online17 December 2004Published inissue 1 January 2005https://doi.org/10.1021/la047570nCopyright © 2005 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views895Altmetric-Citations89LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (308 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Deposition,Layer by layer deposition,Polyelectrolytes,Thickness,Thin films Get e-Alerts
Structure-Based Design of Inhibitors of Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase. 5. 9-Deazahypoxanthines (1994)

The synthesis and evaluation as inhibitors of purine nucleoside phosphorylase of six 9-deazahypoxanthines (2a-f) are reported. In contrast to reports in the literature of other hypoxanthine-guanine analog pairs, these inhibitors (2a-f) are equipotent with the corresponding 9-deazaguanines.
Antistatic Epoxy Coatings With Carbon Nanotubes Obtained by Cationic Photopolymerization (2008)

Abstract Antistatic epoxy coatings are obtained, for the first time, by cationic UV curing of an epoxy resin in the presence of a very low content of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). It is shown that the addition of only 0.025 wt.‐% of CNTs into the resin is sufficient to obtain a composite suitable for applications that require electrostatic discharge. An extended percolative structure that forms a conductive CNT network is clearly evidenced within the polymeric matrix, notwithstanding the very small CNT content. The use of such UV‐cured epoxy material systems for antistatic coatings is quite realistic and promising. magnified image
Structure and chemistry of the aldehyde ammonias. 1-Amino-1-alkanols, 2,4,6-trialkyl-1,3,5-hexahydrotriazines, and N,N-dialkylidene-1,1-diaminoalkanes (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure and chemistry of the aldehyde ammonias. 1-Amino-1-alkanols, 2,4,6-trialkyl-1,3,5-hexahydrotriazines, and N,N-dialkylidene-1,1-diaminoalkanesArnold T. Nielsen, Ronald L. Atkins, Donald W. Moore, Robert Scott, Daniel Mallory, and Jeanne M. LaBergeCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1973, 38, 19, 3288–3295Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00959a010https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00959a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views941Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
SECONDARY METABOLITES ISOLATED FROM THE FUNGUS MONASCUS KAOLIANG-FERMENTED RICE (2010)

A chemical study of the EtOAc-soluble ethanolic extract of Monascus kaoliang BCRC 31506 (Eurotiaceae) fermented rice led to the isolation of a new furan-3-one derivative along with 9 known compounds, monascin (2), ankaflavin (3), N-trans-feruloyltyramine (4), vanillic acid (5), 4-acetonyl-3,5-dimethoxy-p-quinol ( Structure 1 is proposed for monascuskaoliaone on the basis of spectroscopic evidence (NMR, UV, IR, and HRMS). None of the compounds exhibited significant scavenging activity toward DPPH radical in bioautography or spectroscopic assays.
Particle Size Distribution of Orange Juice Cloud after Addition of Sensitized Pectin (2001)

The effect of the addition of commercial pectin to orange juice that was de-esterified by alkaline treatment or pectinmethylesterase was evaluated. Pectin at various degrees of esterification (DE) was added to reconstituted frozen orange juice concentrate, and the extent of cloud loss was determined after centrifugation. Of the five pectin treatments, percent transmittance (% T) of juice remained <5%, except for the pectin treatment with a residual methoxyl content (% DE) of <5%. Addition of 100--600 ppm of 5% DE pectin to juice resulted in % T between 36 and 73%. Despite the absence of clarification, increases in cloud particle size were observed and depended on the % DE, the amount of pectin added, and the method used to modify the pectins.
Further studies on the conversion of 4-hydroxyoxazaphosphorines to reactive mustards and acrolein in inorganic buffers. (1983)

The rates at which the 4-hydroxyoxazaphosphorines, 4-hydroxycyclophosphamide and 4-hydroxyifosfamide, are converted to reactive mustards and acrolein in phosphate and bicarbonate buffers were determined as a function of pH, ionic strength, temperature, and buffer concentration. Conversion was first-order with respect to both the 4-hydroxyoxazaphosphorine and phosphate or carbonate serving as a catalyst. The catalytic constant for dianionic phosphate-catalyzed conversion of 4-hydroxyifosfamide to isophosphoramide mustard and acrolein at 37 degrees was 0.189 min-1; a value of 0.194 min-1 M-1 was obtained when dianionic phosphate-catalyzed conversion of 4-hydroxycyclophosphamide to phosphoramide mustard and acrolein was examined. A catalytic constant of 3.09 min-1 M-1 was obtained for carbonate-catalyzed conversion of 4-hydroxycyclophosphamide to phosphoramide mustard and acrolein. Hydroxyl ion and water also catalyzed the reaction; catalytic constants were 2710 and 0.000006 min-1 M-1, respectively. The rate at which the 4-hydroxyoxazaphosphorines were converted to reactive mustards and acrolein in phosphate buffer increased as the pH, ionic strength, and temperature increased. The energy of activation was about 20 kcal/mol. Dianionic phosphate, carbonate, hydroxyl ion, and water were apparently acting as general base catalysts of the rate-limiting step (probably the conversion of the intermediate aldehyde to the corresponding reactive mustard and acrolein) of the overall reaction, although specific base-general acid catalysis could not be ruled out. Bifunctional catalysis of the rate-limiting step did not appear to be significant and certainly was not obligatory as concluded previously by our laboratory. Assuming that the oncotoxic specificity of the oxazaphosphorines resides with the 4-hydroxyoxazaphosphorines and that their cytotoxic effect at therapeutic doses is largely mediated by the reactive mustards released within cells, these observations offer the possibility that intracellular general base catalytic activity serves as an important determinant with regard to the oncotoxic potential and specificity of the oxazaphosphorines. General base catalytic activity varies directly with pH, ionic strength, temperature, and the concentration of the base. The influence of some of these factors on the development of cyclophosphamide-induced bladder toxicity has already been demonstrated.
[The definition of Barrett's esophagus]. (2005)

Recently, according to increasing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), the patients with Barrett's esophagus (BE) are increasing. Since Barrett have reported cases of esophageal ulcers surrounding by columnar epithelium, the various criteria of the BE have been proposed. In 1998, practice guidelines for BE were developed under the auspices of the American College of Gastroenterology. They proposed that BE was a chance in the esophageal epithelium of any length that can be recognized at endoscopy, and confirmed to have intestinal metaplasia by biopsy of the tubular esophagus and excludes intestinal metaplasia of the cardia. Endoscopically, BE is determined, when 'gastric-appearing mucosa' or apparent 'columnar lined esophagus' is evident proximal to the esophagogastric junction. Histologically, BE has double muscularis mucosae, and contains a mixture cell types; gastric-fundic type epithelium, junctional type epithelium, and specialized columnar epithelium (SCE). Especially SCE is distinctive features of BE, available for diagnosis. On the other hand, BE is premalignant condition for the adenocarcinoma of the esophagus, therefore the features of the BE are researched to prevent and find out earlier development of adenocarcinoma. In this review, we referred to the definition of BE with some topics.
Semiconductor optical amplifier-based switched photonic delay lines for microwave photonic applications (2005)

Photonic delay lines (PDLs) are a powerful and important technology for microwave photonics applications and in particular for the implementation of wideband phased array antenna controllers since they solve many of the limitations of electronic controllers, such as large instantaneous bandwidth and tunable signal processing bandwidth. They also offer immunity to electromagnetic interference and electromagnetic pulses. Two of the most critical properties of PDL for advanced phased array antenna control are the fast switching speed and the accurate control of the time delays. In this paper, we propose a novel combined use of semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) and Optiflex<sup>TM</sup> fiber circuit technology for the implementation of PDL architectures. Both technologies are currently quite mature and advanced. SOA technology has been used extensively on optical networks. On the other hand, Optiflex technology has been invented and used for optical backplanes and interconnects. In these PDL architectures, the SOAs act both as ultra-fast switching optical elements and as insertion loss compensators. On the other hand, accurate control of the time delays is achieved through the proper design of OptiFlex circuits. The integration of SOA and OptiFlex to build novel photonic delay line architectures provides small size, low power consumption, and ease in assembly, offering at the same time very good RF performance.
Processing, mechanical and thermophysical properties of silicon nitride based composites with carbon nanotubes and graphene (2007)

Silicon nitride based composites with different amount (1, 2 and 3 wt%) of multi-wall and single-wall carbon nanotubes, and graphene have been prepared. Optimisation of the manufacturing processes has been conducted to preserve the carbon nanotubes in composites and to avoid damaging during high temperature processing. The first results show that carbon nanotubes have a good contact to the surface of silicon nitride grains. In the case of increase of sintering pressure an increase of bending strength was achieved. It was found that microstructure features achieved by properly designed sintering parameters are the main responsible factors for the strength improvements.
Qualitative analysis of interference on receiver performance using advanced pulse compression noise (APCN) (2015)

We present an analysis of receiver performance when diverse waveforms such as the advanced pulse compression noise (APCN) are used. Two perspectives within the shared channel are considered: <i>(1) </i>a radar transceiving APCN in the presence of other radar interference sources, and <i>(2)</i> a communications system transceiving M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) in the presence of a radar interference sources practicing waveform diversity. Through simulation, we show how waveform diversity and the ability to tune the APCN spectrum characteristics minimizes interference for co-channel users.
Polymer Grafting to Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes: Effect of Chain Length on Solubility, Graft Density and Mechanical Properties of Macroscopic Structures (2012)

Single-walled carbon nanotubes are grafted with polystyrene chains employing a graft-to protocol. Thermogravimetric analysis allows calculation of the grafted chain density and average interchain separation on the nanotube surface as a function of molecular weight. The separation scales with molecular weight as a power law with an exponent of ca. 0.588, showing the grafted chains to be in a swollen random walk conformation. This implies that chain packing is controlled by coil size in solution. In addition, the dispersed concentration of functionalized nanotubes scales with the size of the steric potential barrier that prevents aggregation of polymer functionalized nanotubes. It is also shown that the molecular weight of the grafted chains significantly affects the mechanical properties of nanotube films.
Laccase Based Synergistic Electrocatalytical System (2009)

Abstract Bioelectrodes employing the conversion of N ‐substituted phenothiazine/hexacyanoferrate(II) and N ‐substituted phenoxazine/hexacyanoferrate(II) that act as synergistic substrates were built using graphite electrode and recombinant laccase. The response of the bioelectrodes to low reactive substrate (hexacyanoferrate(II)) increases 2.9–97 times in presence of high reactive phenothiazine or phenoxazine mediator. The sensitivity of the bioelectrodes reaches 0.5–14.3 A/M⋅cm 2 . To background a scheme of bioelectrodes action the kinetics of laccase‐catalyzed synergistic substrates oxidation was investigated in homogenous solution. A satisfactory agreement of experimentally determined rate constants and calculated using parameters of bioelectrocatalytical system confirms the scheme of bioelectrodes action.
The Heats of Combustion of Anthracene Transannular Peroxide and Dianthracene (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Heats of Combustion of Anthracene Transannular Peroxide and DianthracenePaul Bender and Joseph FarberCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 6, 1450–1452Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01126a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01126a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views470Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A nuclear magnetic resonance study of the kinetics and equilibria for the oxidation of penicillamine and <i>N</i>-acetylpenicillamine by glutathione disulfide (1984)

The kinetics and equilibria of the oxidation of penicillamine by glutathione disulfide to form, in the first step, penicillamine–glutathione mixed disulfide and glutathione and, in the second step, penicillamine disulfide and glutathione have been studied over the pH range 4–9 by 1 H nmr. The reactive species are found to be penicillamine with its amino group protonated and its thiol group deprotonated and glutathione disulfide and penicillamine–glutathione mixed disulfide with their two amino groups protonated. The rate and equilibrium constants for the first step are much larger than those for the second step, indicating a small tendency for penicillamine to form its symmetrical disulfide by thiol/disulfide exchange reactions. This and the smaller reducing power of penicillamine as compared to glutathione are attributed to steric hindrance from the methyl groups adjacent to the sulfur. The kinetics and equilibria of the oxidation of N-acetylpenicillamine by glutathione disulfide were studied at neutral pH. Conditional equilibrium and rate constants for the oxidation of penicillamine by glutathione disulfide at pH 7.4 are presented and discussed in terms of the metabolism of penicillamine.
Optimal Charging Profiles with Minimal Intercalation-Induced Stresses for Lithium-Ion Batteries Using Reformulated Pseudo 2-Dimensional Models (2014)

This paper illustrates the application of dynamic optimization in obtaining the optimal current profile for charging a lithium-ion battery by restricting the intercalation-induced stresses to a pre-determined limit estimated using a pseudo 2-dimensional (P2D) model. This paper focuses on the problem of maximizing the charge stored in a given time while restricting capacity fade due to intercalation-induced stresses. Conventional charging profiles for lithium-ion batteries (e.g., constant current followed by constant voltage or CC-CV) are not derived by considering capacity fade mechanisms, which are not only inefficient in terms of life-time usage of the batteries but are also slower by not taking into account the changing dynamics of the system.
Growth Factor Regulation of Osteogenesis (2005)

Osteogenesis, the creation of bone, underlies all skeletal development and repair. It encompasses the differentiation of cells along specific developmental pathways and the production by these cells of the matrix required to construct, or to reconstruct, bone. The control of this process is, to a large extent, the responsibility of cell signaling molecules that include hormones, growth factors, and cytokines. This chapter reviews some of the factors that participate in regulating the creation of bone at the cellular level.
Optimizing selections over datacubes (2002)

Datacube queries compute aggregates over database relations at a variety of granularities. Often one wants only datacube output tuples whose aggregate value satisfies a certain condition, such as exceeding a given threshold. We develop algorithms for processing a datacube query using the selection condition internally during the computation. Thus, we can safely prune parts of the computation and end up with a more efficient computation of the answer Our first technique, called "specialization", uses the fact that a tuple in the datacube does not meet the given threshold to infer that all finer level aggregates cannot meet the threshold. Our second technique is called "generalization", and applies in the case where the actual value of the aggregate is not needed in the output, but used just to compare with the threshold. We demonstrate the efficiency of these techniques by implementing them within the sparse datacube algorithm of Ross and Srivastava. We present a performance study using synthetic and real-world data sets. Our results indicate substantial performance improvements for queries with selective conditions.
Performance of High-level and Low-level Coordinated Control of Mobile Robots (2010)

We analyse the performance of different strategies for coordinated control of mobile robots. These robots are characterized by the non-holonomic kinematic model of a unicycle. The robots are employed for transportation of goods in an environment of a distribution center. We propose a control architecture, shown in Figure 1, that contains multiple layers of functionality. The high-level control assigns to each robot the reference trajectory. The low-level control takes care that each robot tracks own reference.
Fast Response Magnetometer Using Ferromagnetic Resonance in Thin Films (1968)

A magnetometer of simple construction is described having a response time of the order of 4 nsec. In this instrument the impedance of a thin film biased near ferromagnetic resonance is a measure of the external field. At resonance the element may be matched to a transmission line. The voltage amplitude of the reflected wave varies linearly with change in the external magnetic field.