gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thermal conductivity of isotopically pure and Ge-doped Si epitaxial layers from<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>300</mml:mn><mml:mspace width="0.3em"/><mml:mtext>to</mml:mtext><mml:mspace width="0.3em"/><mml:mn>550</mml:mn><mml:mspace width="0.3em"/><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">K</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math> (2004)

The thermal conductivity of epitaxial layers of Si is measured in the temperature range $300<T<550\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$ using time-domain thermoreflectance. The analysis of the thermoreflectance data uses the ratio of the in-phase and out-of-phase signals of the lock-in amplifier to achieve a precision of $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5%$. Comparisons are made between epitaxial layers of isotopically pure $^{28}\mathrm{Si}$, Si with a natural isotope abundance, and Ge-doped Si. At $297\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$, the thermal conductivity of $^{28}\mathrm{Si}$ epitaxial films is $16\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}%$ larger than the thermal conductivity of natural Si. The thermal resistance created by mass-disorder scattering of phonons is in good agreement with theory for natural Si and for Ge-doped Si with a Ge concentration of $1.4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{19}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$.
Area-time optimal adder design (1990)

A systematic method of implementing a VLSI parallel adder is presented. A family of adders based on a modular design is defined. The design uses three types of component cells, which are implemented in static CMOS. The adder design is formulated as a dynamic programming problem, optimizing with respect to area and time. The result is an area-time optimal adder in the design family. The approach is illustrated by implementing a 66-bit adder for use in a floating-point processor. It is shown how to use the method for implementations in technologies and design styles other than static CMOS.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A multivariate approach for interpreting treadmill exercise tests in coronary artery disease. (1978)

To determine the value of a multivariate approach for the analysis of the treadmill exercise tolerance test (ETT), 237 patients referred for evaluation of chest pain who underwent a standard Bruce protocol ETT and coronary arteriography were studied. Predictive value of a positive ETT was 0.78 (43/55) using 1.0--1.9 mm ST segment depression criterion, 0.97 (59/61) using greater than or equal to 2.0 mm ST segment depression. When the 1.0--1.9 mm ST criterion was combined with peak systolic blood pressure-heart rate product (double product) less than or smaller than 23,000, exercise duration less than 6 minutes, and ST depression for greater than 3 minutes into recovery, predictive value improved to 0.89 in 18 patients with any two of the above. Predictive value for multivessel disease was also improved using non-ST criteria. Predictive value of a negative ETT for absence of coronary artery disease was 0.60 (29/48), and was 0.86 (12/14) if double product was greater than or equal to 30,000. Presence of chest pain during ETT did not improve predictive value of any type of test. Digitalis ingestion in 33 patients was not associated with decreased predictive value of a positive test. These data suggest that the predictive value of both positive and negative ETT in a symptomatic population can be improved with a multivariate approach.
Isolation and the complete amino acid sequence of lumenal endoplasmic reticulum glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. (1993)

I have isolated glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from rabbit liver microsomes and determined its complete amino acid sequence. Sequence determination was achieved by automated Edman degradation of peptides generated by chemical and enzymatic cleavages. The microsomal enzyme consists of 763 residues and is quite dissimilar from the previously characterized cytosolic enzymes. The N terminus of the microsomal enzyme is blocked by a pyroglutamyl residue. Carbohydrate is attached at Asn-138 and Asn-263, implying that the bulk of the protein is oriented on the lumenal side of the endoplasmic membrane. The amino acid sequence of the microsomal protein shows limited homology to the extensively sequenced cytosolic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenases. Clusters of up to six identical residues can be identified in four regions: peptide segments at residues 10-21, 154-163, and 173-261. In addition, another array of identical residues, requiring a 100-residue deletion in the sequence of the microsomal enzyme, spans residues 436-462 and corresponds to residues 348-373 of the cytosolic protein. Two segments with a Gly-Xaa-Gly-Xaa-Xaa-Gly motif, related to a coenzyme binding fold, were identified at Gly-399 and Gly-491. In the cytosolic enzymes, a variation of this sequence motif occurs at Gly-37 and Gly-241. The 300-residue C-terminal segment of the microsomal enzyme is unique and has no counterpart in the cytosolic or the bacterial enzymes. An unexpected finding with regard to the microsomal enzyme is that it lacks an identifiable membrane-spanning region or the lumenal-protein C-terminal consensus sequences Lys-Asp-Glu or His-Ile/Thr-Glu-Leu. Thus, the mode of transport and retention of this protein in the lumen of endoplasmic reticulum remains to be determined.
Do Electrospun Polymer Fibers Stick? (2010)

Adhesion between electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) fibers was directly measured in a cross-cylinder geometry using a nanoforce tensile tester. The surface roughness of fibers was determined by an atomic force microscope (AFM), and the structural factors were characterized by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). "Pull-off" force was found to be in the order of 10(-6) N, and the adhesion energy was 190 +/- 7 mJ/m(2). Adhesion increases with decreasing fiber radius. The experimental data are analyzed by the classical Johnson-Kendall-Roberts (JKR) contact mechanics model. The study provides fruitful insights into future development of bio-inspired adhesives and devices.
Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting — A Multimodal Solution to a Persistent Problem (2004)

Despite the introduction of new antiemetic agents, short-acting anesthetics, and minimally invasive surgical techniques, the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting has remained largely unchanged over the past two decades.1 The high incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting has persisted in part because of the tremendous growth in ambulatory surgery and the increased emphasis on earlier mobilization and discharge after both minor and major operations.Prophylactic use of antiemetics has become the standard approach to minimizing emetic symptoms after surgery because patients are more satisfied with this approach than with the treatment of symptoms when they occur in the postoperative . . .
Entropy optimization principles with applications (1992)

Entropy optimization principles Jaynes' maximum entropy principle applications of Jaynes' maximum entropy principle Kullback's minimum cross-entropy principle further applications of MaxEnt and MinEnt new entropy optimization principles generalized principles of maximum entropy the four inverse maximum entropy principles.
A universal fiber-optic (UFO) measurement system based on a near-IR fiber Raman laser (1978)

A universal fiber-optic measurement system, which is useful for measuring loss and dispersion in the <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1.06-1.6 \mu</tex> m wavelength region, is described. The source is a silica fiber Raman laser pumped by a mode-locked and <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</tex> -switched Nd:YAG laser at 1.06 μm. Subnanosecond multiple-Stokes pulses in the <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1.1-1.6 \mu</tex> m wavelength region are generated in a low-loss single-mode silica fiber. The use of this near-infrared fiber Raman laser for characterizing various transmission properties of single and multimode test fibers is demonstrated. Loss spectra, intramodal dispersion, and intermodal dispersion data are obtained in the wavelength region of minimum loss and minimum material dispersion for silica fibers.
Demo Abstract: RIO-40C - A Low-Cost Wearable Sunlight Exposure Monitor for Skincare (2017)

During summer season, or all year long in tropical regions, theintense sunlight can be an invitingly trap for your health. Whileoutdoor activities are usually more enjoyable under a bright sun,it can hide a silent and deadly villain. Unlike extreme heat ordehydration, the eects of excessive UV exposure is not immediately perceived by your body. Nevertheless it has long-term and extremely dangerous consequences, such as skin cancer. In thisdemonstration we present RIO-40C, a smart sunburn monitor. RIO-40C is a low-cost, wearable, IoT solution that provides personalizedUV monitoring. It is aimed to aware the user about possible treatsand help him plan his schedule to avoid health issues. It also provides a behavior database to guide decision makers to develop UV aware urban infrastructure.
Fast Software Encryption (2015)

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 22nd International Workshop on Fast Software Encryption, held in Istanbul, Turkey, March 8-11, 2015. The 28 revised ful
IDH1 and IDH2 mutations as novel therapeutic targets: current perspectives (2016)

Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 (IDH1 and IDH2) are key metabolic enzymes that convert isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate. IDH1/2 mutations define distinct subsets of cancers, including low-grade gliomas and secondary glioblastomas, chondrosarcomas, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas, and hematologic malignancies. Somatic point mutations in IDH1/2 confer a gain-of-function in cancer cells, resulting in the accumulation and secretion in vast excess of an oncometabolite, the D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG). Overproduction of D-2HG interferes with cellular metabolism and epigenetic regulation, contributing to oncogenesis. Indeed, high levels of D-2HG inhibit α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, including histone and DNA demethylases, leading to histone and DNA hypermethylation and finally a block in cell differentiation. Furthermore, D-2HG is a biomarker suitable for the detection of IDH1/2 mutations at diagnosis and predictive of the clinical response. Finally, mutant-IDH1/2 enzymes inhibitors have entered clinical trials for patients with IDH1/2 mutations and represent a novel drug class for targeted therapy.
Use of Sildenafil for Female Sexual Dysfunction (2006)

Treatment of FSD should include both physical and psychological components. Based on the limited data available, it appears that sildenafil, while well tolerated, offers little or no benefit to most patients with FSD.
Paper Title: Development & Application of Versatile and Economical 3D Rotary Steering Technology (2001)

Rotary steering technique has seen a dramatic resurgence driven by the need to design and plan more complicated directional wells. The evolution of directional drilling trajectory control techniques from conventional rotary assemblies through steerable motors to full 3D rotary steering control systems, in addition to the corresponding evolution of survey and logging methods, has been equal to the challenge of these more complex, designer and extended reach wells. However, the development cost and running cost of most of these systems has prevented wide spread utilization of rotary steering technology. The benefits of 3D rotary steering continue to be widely documented, however, its use is being restricted to difficult well profiles: this constraint is the direct result of the high cost of running these systems. The multiple benefits of rotary steering such as smoother wellbores, improved hole cleaning and faster rates of penetration are equally applicable to more conventional directional well profiles. A simple, lower cost rotary steering system has been developed which will allow the technology to be applied on most directional wells worldwide. The majority of the existing 3D devices are complex and have between 1,800 and 4,000 line item components integrated into a typical rotary steerable system. This new device has fewer than 60 line item components and is fully compatible with any wellbore survey and logging devices. The tool development process was initiated with two objectives in mind; simplicity and drilling system compatibility. Low manufacture and low operating costs were identified as specific design goals, thus making more directional wells accessible to rotary steerable technology. Secondary objectives that were met, included ease of rig operation and remote location serviceability. Field trials of this new system have begun and several specific well applications have now been documented.
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing in Sweden. IV. Quality assurance. (1997)

The performance of susceptibility testing depends on high-quality material (disks and media), good laboratory practice (robust methodology and correct handling of material) and antimicrobial breakpoints being set in such a way that they allow for some intralaboratory variation. Thus, breakpoints must not divide homogeneous bacterial populations. Routine susceptibility testing should be checked with both internal and external quality control programs. The internal quality control should be designed to demonstrate the importance of minimizing random errors and to rapidly disclose systematic errors. This can be achieved either through the repeated testing of defined control strains or by systematic comparison of histograms of routine zone diameters with reference histograms supplied by the Swedish Reference Group for Antibiotics (SRGA and SRGA-M). The SRGA-M offers an external quality control program which by its design also functions as an epidemiological surveillance program. The quality control programs are supported by an educational program for laboratory personnel.
<scp>LMO</scp>2 (<scp>LIM</scp> domain only 2) is expressed in a subset of acute myeloid leukaemia and correlates with normal karyotype (2013)

LMO2 is expressed in a subset of AML patients and is associated with normal karyotype, which is different from T-ALL, where specific translocation (11p13) mediates protein expression.
Co-training for Statistical Machine Translation (2002)

ESSLLI 2008 is organized by the Universität Hamburg under the auspices of the Association for Logic, Language and
Monte Carlo simulation of delay and angle spread in different building environments (2002)

Advance radio system designs have been proposed that are intended to overcome or even take advantage of the impairments of the radio channel caused by multipath effects in urban environments to achieve even higher performance. The design of such systems and their evaluation requires knowledge of higher order channel statistics, such as the delay spread and angle spread. The delay and angle spreads have been measured in a few cities. However, it is not clear if the measured results are widely applicable to other building environments. To overcome this limitation, we have used a 3D ray tracing code to simulate channel statistics. Simulations have been run to find the influence of the statistical parameters describing the building distribution on delay and angular spreads. Results for elevated base station antennas show that both delay and angular spread increase as the base station antenna is lowered below roof level. Simulations for three cities having different distributions of building height show that the environment and base station antenna height have a significant effect on the angle spread but have less effect on the delay spread. However only the delay spread shows a consistent increase with the distance to the mobiles.
Predictors of Mortality in Close Proximity Blast Injuries During Operation Iraqi Freedom (2006)

Blast injury can overwhelm military and civilian trauma systems alike. Sustained hypotension and presence of two or more easily determined factors, including three or more long-bone fractures, penetrating head injury, and associated fatalities, are associated with increased mortality and can potentially help triage patients and allocate scarce resources more efficiently.
Wiring of Bumpless, Three-dimensional Integrated Si Wafers Block Using Through-hole Interconnections (2001)

Through-holes having an aspect ratio of 52.5 were formed with a hole density of 11.6 holes/mm 2 on N-type Si wafers (Miller index: 100), using the optical excitation electropolishing method (OEEM). These Si wafers were bonded together in the three-dimensional direction by water glass bonding to form a five-layer integrated block. All wiring of this integrated block was performed in one operation by refilling the through-holes of the block with metal (indium) from the holes in its bottom surface by the closed type molten metal suction method. At the same time, the wiring trenches which require low resistance were also filled with metal. This is a new method of wiring the wafer-level, three-dimensional integrated block without the need for inner bumps. In addition, we have found a method of controlling the contact angle of metal with respect to SiO 2 by the field effect utilizing a metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) structure to prevent the metal put in deep capillaries from dropping due to its own weight. This technology is a break-through in packaging wafer-level, ultra-high-density three-dimensional integrated blocks which will be needed in the first half of the 21st century.
Vaginal Tumor in a Hereford Cow (1949)

January 25, 1949 a 5-year old female Hereford was admitted to Stange Memorial Clinic having been sent in by a practicing veterinarian. She was in good condition, and temperature, respiration, and pulse were within normal limits.
Development of an automated turbidimetric immunoassay for quantification of bovine serum immunoglobulin G. (1997)

This assay provides sample results in approximately 10 minutes and may be used as an alternative to the manual RID method.
An object-based taxonomy for distributed computing systems (1991)

A hierarchy of questions and answers about the features of distributed computing systems (DCSs) leads to an overall system description that facilitates system comparisons. The taxonomy uses terminology from an object-based model of DCSs and emphasizes the runtime services the DCS provides to applications. It is based on the division of DCS issues into three distinct categories: threads object properties and separation. The threads subtree explores the creation, the number, and the control of threads in the DCS. The object properties subtree explores DCS features that are defined for objects in isolation. The separation subtree explores issues that arise because there are many objects in the DCS. To describe a specific DCS, a taxonomy user traces paths through the hierarchy.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
189. 2 : 3-Benzorubicene, rubicene, and their derivatives (1958)

E. Clar and W. Willicks, J. Chem. Soc., 1958, 942 DOI: 10.1039/JR9580000942
Phase transitions, incommensurability and glass-like state in NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(BeF<sub>4</sub>)<sub>I−x</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>x</sub>system (1988)

Abstract Thermal properties of the solid solutions (AFB)I-x(AS)x was studied and the phase diagram of mixed crystals was refined. The anomalous change of the specific heat for all × as well as a jump of the surplus entropy at × near 0,35 was found. The diffused anomalies of C were observed at the concentration region where no phase transitions were reported earlier. Possibility of glass-like state formation is supposed bearing in mind the competition of the different polarisation mechanisms in the polar phases.
A Head Record Cache Structure to Improve the Operations on Big Files in Cloud Storage Servers (2015)

Cache and prefetching is now widely used in storage systems for disks to speed up accessing data. Although cache and prefetching are well accepted technologies in storage field, they are unsuitable for cloud storage systems because most of requests in cloud is for large files, which leads to undesirable hit rate and speed performance. To solve this issue, an improved head record cache (HRC) structure model is proposed in this paper based on reshuffling disk cache structure and prefetching technologies, aiming at improving reading performance in a cloud environment. Compared to previous researches, this model has better read performance in a cloud environment, since HRC increases hit rate. The experimental results demonstrate that the system has 18% better reading performance than traditional cloud storage system.
Interrelationships between exogenous porcine somatotropin (PST) administration and dietary protein and energy intake on protein deposition capacity and energy metabolism of pigs. (1991)

Exogenous porcine somatotropin (PST) administration stimulates protein deposition and inhibits lipogenesis, resulting in dose-related improvements in growth performance and reduction of carcass fat content. However, the associated impacts of this technology on dietary nutrient requirements and energy partitioning between maintenance, protein, and fat remain unclear. Studies with pigs between 25 and 60 kg body weight indicate that, because of unknown improvements in amino acid utilization and(or) in the energy available for protein synthesis, only marginal increases in dietary protein percentage are required to support 20 to 25% improvements in protein deposition induced by PST administration. In contrast, an increased dietary protein concentration is required to support maximal protein deposition in pigs 60 to 100 kg. Exogenous PST administration increased the maintenance energy requirement and altered the relationship between energy intake and protein deposition, although the magnitude of these changes and the consequent effects on expression of dietary protein (amino acid) requirements was influenced by gender. Albeit limited, information suggests that PST alters nutrient demand at the tissue level. Information of this type will form the basis for rational decisions concerning the method for expression of dietary nutrient requirements (% vs g/d) for PST-treated pigs. Further quantitative information is required on the effects of PST dosage on the relationship of protein deposition to energy intake and on any underlying changes in amino acid utilization and metabolism.
Repulsive Casimir Forces (2002)

We discuss repulsive Casimir forces between dielectric materials with nontrivial magnetic susceptibility. It is shown that considerations based on the naive pairwise summation of van der Waals and Casimir-Polder forces may not only give an incorrect estimate of the magnitude of the total Casimir force but even the wrong sign of the force when materials with high dielectric and magnetic responses are involved. Indeed repulsive Casimir forces may be found in a large range of parameters, and we suggest that the effect may be realized in known materials. The phenomenon of repulsive Casimir forces may be of importance both for experimental study and for nanomachinery applications.