gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Function and structure – Combined optical functionality and specific bio-interaction for multifunctional biomedical materials (2017)

Novel multifunctional biomedical materials are discussed, capable for the integration of optical functionality and exploiting the correlation of structure and function. Therefore, volume holographic structuring can be applied for the integration of three-dimensional optical structures with specific functionality in terms of diffractive properties. The strategy to combine optical structuring of the volume and specific modification of the surface is particularly discussed for the design of advanced intra-ocular lens implants. Based on a multifunctional biomedical material with integrated optical functionality and operating by the principle ‘function by structure’, such a new type of intraocular lens is expected to attain enhanced functionality.
Signet ring‐like light chain myeloma with systemic spread (2003)

The morphological presentation of malignant plasma cells in multiple myeloma (MM) varies from mature to anaplastic plasma cells with only one reported case of signet ring variant. We describe here another case of signet ring-like lambda light chain MM associated with extra-skeletal spread to lymph nodes, spleen and liver. The clinical and pathological presentations were atypical with no evidence of bone-lytic lesions or monoclonal component on protein electrophoresis, leading to a delay of several years in the diagnosis. Recognition of this morphological entity of MM may help in an early diagnosis of this rare variant.
Real-Time Measurements of Engine-Out Trace Elements: Application of a Novel Soot Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometer for Emissions (2012)

tion of incombustible ash in diesel particulate filters (DPF), eventually leading to filter plugging and an increase in engine fuel consumption. Particulate trace element emissions also pose adverse health effects and are the focus of increasingly stringent air quality regulations. To date, the rates and physical and chemical properties of lubricant-derived additive emissions are not well characterized, largely due to the difficulties associated with conducting the measurements. This work investigated the potential for conducting real-time measurements of lubricant-derived particle emissions. The experiment used the Soot Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (SP-AMS) developed by Aerodyne Research to measure the size, mass and composition of submicron particles in the exhaust. Results confirm the ability of the SP-AMS to measure engine-out emissions of calcium, zinc, magnesium, phosphorous, and sulfur. Further, emissions of previously difficult to detect elements, such as boron, and low-level engine wear metals, such as lead, were also measured. This paper provides an overview of the results obtained with the SP-AMS, and demonstrates the utility of applying real-time techniques to engine-out and tailpipe-out trace element emissions. Application of the SP-AMS for engine exhaust characterization followed a two-part approach: (1) measurement validation, and (2) measurement of engine-out exhaust. Measurement validation utilized a diesel burner with precise control of lubricant consumption. Results showed a good correlation between CJ-4 oil consumption and measured levels of lubricant-derived trace elements in the particle phase. Following measurement validation, the SP-AMS measured engine-out emissions from a medium-duty diesel engine, operated over a standard speed/load matrix. This work demonstrates the utility of state-of-the-art online techniques (such as the SP-AMS) to measure engine-out emissions, including trace species derived from lubricant additives. Results help optimize the combined engine-lubricant-aftertreatment system and provide a realtime characterization of emissions. As regulations become more stringent and emission controls more complex, advanced measurement techniques with high sensitivity and fast time response will become an increasingly important part of engine characterization studies. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4005992]
Magnetic field threshold for accurate electrocardiography in the MRI environment (2010)

Although the electrocardiogram is known to be nondiagnostic within the bore of any high-field magnet due to the magnetohydrodynamic effect, there are an increasing number of applications that require accurate electrocardiogram monitoring of a patient inside the MRI room but outside of the magnet bore. Magnetohydrodynamic effects on the ST segment of the electrocardiogram waveform were investigated in six subjects at magnetic field strengths ranging from 6.4 mT to 652 mT at the aortic midarch, and the electrocardiogram was found to be accurate at magnetic fields below 70 mT. This corresponds to a distance of 160 cm from the isocenter and 80 cm from the bore entrance for the 1.5-T MRI system used in this study. These results can be translated to any MRI system, with knowledge of the fringe field. Accurate electrocardiogram monitoring is feasible in close proximity to the MRI magnet, such as during and after pharmacologic or exercise stress, or interventional or surgical procedures performed in the MRI room.
Future directions in thrombolysis for myocardial infarction (1994)

Substantial advances have been made in the application of intravenous thrombolytic agents for acute myocardial infarction since their introduction 10 years ago. Dosage regimens and timing have been refined, criteria for patient selection expanded, early patency rates improved, and the role for antiplatelet and antithrombotic adjuncts recognized. The most recently completed thrombolysis 'mega-trial', Global Utilization of Streptokinase or t-PA for Occluded Coronary Arteries (GUSTO) [1], established the superiority of accelerated tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) plus intravenous heparin over other thrombolytic strategies. It also confirmed for the first time that early, complete, and sustained patency of the infarct-related artery results in a reduction in mortality — a fact intuitively linked with thrombolytic benefit, but never borne out by previous large-scale trials. However, critical analysis of recent data suggests that thrombolytic intervention, as currently practiced, continues to fall short of the ultimate goal of 'optimal reperfusion'. Early, complete, and sustained reperfusion are the paradigms for ideal thrombolysis. This review will focus on the current limitations to these criteria and will provide a critical evaluation of the emerging strategies toward more optimal reperfusion.
ChemInform Abstract: CYCLOOCTA(DEF)CARBAZOLE, A NEW PARATROPIC RING SYSTEM (1985)

Abstract Die Photolyse der Benzotriazole (I) ergibt die Verbindungen (II), von denen (IIb) die Diels‐Alder‐Addukte (III) liefert.
Infrared spectroscopic study of the adsorption of pyridine, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide on the perovskite-type oxides LaMO3 (1984)

Infrared spectra of adsorbed pyridine, CO and CO2 on the perovskite-type oxides LaCrO3, LaMnO3, LaFeO3 and LaCoO3 have been recorded. These oxides did not exhibit significant Brønsted acidity either before or after the adsorption of water. Some of the samples showed Brønsted acidity after reduction with H2. This is accounted for by a heterolytic dissociative mechanism of H2 adsorption. An increase in Brønsted acidity after H2O adsorption on reduced samples is ascribed to the dissociative adsorption of H2O on pair sites each consisting of an adjacent O2– ion and an anion vacancy. The spectra obtained after CO and CO2 adsorption indicate that several stable species coexist in the systems adsorbent–adsorbate studied. These results point to a highly heterogeneous surface of these LaMO3 oxides.
Finite Element Simulation of an Industrial hot Rolling Schedule of Aluminium using Integrated Microstructure Models (2003)

The final properties of aluminum products largely depend on their temperature and forming history. To predict them, it is advantageous to combine process models and microstructural models. Here, the integration of a physically based dislocation density model with a full‐constraints Taylor model into the FEM code Larstran/Shape is shown. Finally, the application of this modeling scheme to an industrial hot rolling schedule is demonstrated.
Aging-related inflammation driven by cellular senescence enhances NAD consumption via activation of CD38 <sup>+</sup> pro-inflammatory macrophages (2019)

Summary Decline in tissue NAD levels during aging is linked to aging and its associated diseases. However, the mechanism for aging-associated NAD decline remains unclear. Here we report that pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages, but not naïve or M2 macrophages, accumulate in metabolic tissues including visceral white adipose tissue and the liver during aging. Remarkably, these M1-like macrophages highly express the NAD consuming enzyme CD38 and have enhanced CD38-dependent NADase activity. We also find that senescent cells progressively accumulate in visceral white adipose tissue during aging and that inflammatory cytokines found in the supernatant from senescent cells (Senescence associated secretory proteins, SASP) induce macrophages to proliferate and to express CD38. These results highlight a new causal link between visceral tissue senescence and tissue NAD decline during aging and represent a novel therapeutic opportunity targeting maintenance of NAD levels during aging.
Cooperating Objects Design Space and Markets. (2013)

Abstract. The area of Cooperating Objects is an emerging domain that builds upon (networked) embedded systems, ubiquitous computing and (wireless) sensor networks but stresses the cooperation between modular, autonomous and heterogeneous devices that try to achieve a common goal. We present a definition and explain the characteristics of Cooperating Objects. By looking at market predictions and our own survey we show that the impact of Cooperating Objects to the monitoring and control area can be very significant and has the potential to drastically affect future applications and services.
Leveraging Collaboration of Peer-to-Peer and Web Services (2008)

Collaborative usage of peer-to-peer and Web services has been recently paid a lot of attention. Proposed solutions, however, are mainly focused on enhancing service discovery by replacing centralized service registries with distributed peer-to-peer architectures. In this paper, we present a service environment that leverages collaboration of peer-to-peer and Web services further. Our service environment provides Web services an interface for rich interaction with a structured peer-to-peer network that is based on P2P SIP protocol implementation. In addition to service discovery and publishing, Web Services are also able to exploit communities, context information and content available in the peer-to-peer network. Finally, we evaluate how the rich Web service and peer-to-peer interaction, and especially service publishing affects the nodes' load in a structured peer-to-peer network.
Hypoalbuminemia is an important risk factor of hypotension during hemodialysis (2006)

Hypotension during hemodialysis (HD) is an important problem in patients on HD. To investigate the risk factors that contribute to the hypotension during HD, we compared background factors of hypotensive (HP) patients during HD. Among 58 patients undergoing HD in Tamura Memorial Hospital, 12 patients could not continue full HD because of hypotension. We compared the data of ultrafiltration volume, cardiothoracic ratio (CTR), total protein (TP), serum albumin, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, total cholesterol (TC), hemoglobin (Hb), blood glucose (BS), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and cardiac function between HP patients (HP group; n=12) and sex- and age-matched control patients (NP group; n=12). There were no significant differences of age, sex, and duration of HD between the 2 groups. Cardiothoracic ratio is bigger and BNP is higher in the HP group compared with the NP group (CTR: HP 55.8+/-2.9% vs. NP 47.7+/-1.1%, p=0.0165; BNP: HP 602+/-171 vs. NP 147+/-38, p=0.0167). Serum albumin in the HP group is significantly lower compared with the NP group (HP 3.2+/-0.1 g/dL vs. NP 3.5+/-0.1 g/dL, p=0.0130). However, there were no significant differences of ultrafiltration rate (UFR), BS, TC, Hb, and cardiac function between the 2 groups. There is a significant negative correlation between changes of systolic blood pressure (delta systolic blood pressure) and serum albumin in these patients (r=-0.598, p=0.0016). From these data, we conclude that hypoalbuminemia is a major risk factor of hypotension during HD.
Is Intestinal Diversion an Effective Treatment for Distal Crohn’s Disease? (2021)

The use of a "temporary" ileostomy is largely ineffective in achieving clinical response.
A CBP/p300 homolog specifies multiple differentiation pathways in Caenorhabditis elegans (1998)

Mammalian p300 and CBP are related transcriptional cofactors that possess histone acetyltransferase activity. Inactivation of CBP/p300 is critical for adenovirus E1A to induce oncogenic transformation and to inhibit differentiation, suggesting that these proteins are likely to play a role in cell growth and differentiation. Here we show that a Caenorhabditis elegans gene closely related to CBP/p300, referred to as cbp-1, is required during early embryogenesis to specify several major differentiation pathways. Inhibition of cbp-1 expression causes developmental arrest of C. elegans embryos with no evidence of body morphogenesis but with nearly twice the normal complement of embryonic cells. Mesodermal, endodermal, and hypodermal cells appear to be completely absent in most embryos, however, all of the embryos exhibit evidence of neuronal differentiation. Our analysis of this phenotype suggests a critical role for CBP-1 in promoting all non-neuronal pathways of somatic differentiation in the C. elegans embryo. In contrast, we show that C. elegans genes related to components of a conserved mammalian histone deacetylase, appear to have a role in repressing somatic differentiation. Our findings suggest a model in which CBP-1 may activate transcription and differentiation in C. elegans by directly or indirectly antagonizing a repressive effect of histone deacetylase.
Towards a better understanding of QT interval variability (2011)

The International Conference on Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) Guideline E14 recommends 'Thorough QT Study' as a standard assessment of drug-induced QT interval prolongation. At the same time, the value of drug-induced QTc prolongation as a surrogate marker for risk of life-threatening polymorphic ventricular tachycardia known as torsades des pointes remains controversial. Beat-to-beat variability of QT interval was recently proposed as an alternative metric. The following review addresses mechanisms of beat-to-beat QT variability, methods of QT interval variability measurements, and its prognostic value in clinical studies.
Dll4 activation of Notch signaling reduces tumor vascularity and inhibits tumor growth (2008)

Gene targeting experiments have shown that Delta-like 4 (Dll4) is a vascular-specific Notch ligand critical to normal vascular development. Recent studies have demonstrated that inhibition of Dll4/Notch signaling in tumor-bearing mice resulted in excessive, yet nonproductive tumor neovascularization and unexpectedly reduced tumor growth. Because nonfunctional blood vessels have the potential to normalize, we explored the alternative approach of stimulating Notch signaling in the tumor vasculature to inhibit tumor growth. Here we show that retrovirus-induced over-expression of Dll4 in tumor cells activates Notch signaling in cocultured endothelial cells and limits vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced endothelial cell growth. Tumors produced in mice by injection of human and murine tumor cells transduced with Dll4 were significantly smaller, less vascularized and more hypoxic than controls, and displayed evidence of Notch activation. In addition, tumor blood perfusion was reduced as documented by vascular imaging. These results demonstrate that Notch activation in the tumor microenvironment reduces tumor neovascularization and blood perfusion, and suggest that Dll4-induced Notch activation may represent an effective therapeutic approach for the treatment of solid tumors.
Egonet tensor decomposition for community identification (2016)

Real-world networks are known to exhibit community structure, characterized by presence of dense node clusters with loose edge connections among them. Although identification of communities is a well-studied subject, most approaches only focus on edge-based criteria which may not incorporate important grouping information captured by higher-order structures e.g., cliques and cycles, to name a few. In order to overcome this limitation, the present paper advocates a novel three-way tensor network representation that captures spatial dependencies among node neighborhoods. Each tensor slice captures a connectivity matrix pertaining to a unique egonet, defined as the subgraph induced by a node and its single-hop neighbors. Constrained tensor factorization is pursued to reveal the hidden and possibly overlapping community structure. Numerical tests on synthetic and real world networks corroborate the efficacy of the novel approach.
LIME-FLY ASH COMPOSITIONS FOR USE IN HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION (1951)

A STUDY HAS BEEN MADE RELATING TO THE USE OF A GROUP OF LIME-FLY ASH COMPOSITIONS IN HIGHWAY BASE CONSTRUCTION. THE USE OF SMALL AMOUNTS OF LIME TOGETHER WITH FLY ASH AND AGGREGATE MATERIALS INCLUDING NEW JERSEY TYPE A-3 SOIL, BOILER SLAG, AND CRUSHED STONE WAS CONSIDERED. BY CAREFULLY CONTROLLING THE PERCENTAGES OF THE INGREDIENTS, COMPOSITIONS HAVE BEEN PRODUCED WHICH DEVELOP HIGH COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH AFTER AGING FOR PERIODS OF ONE WEEK OR LONGER. SPECIMENTS SUBJECTED TO WETTING AND DRYING AND FREEZING AND THAWING TESTS INDICATE EXCELLENT PERFORMANCE WHEN OPTIMUM QUANTITIES OF LIME AND FLY ASH ARE EMPLOYED. FIELD TESTS WHICH HAVE BEEN STARTED ON THE COMPOSITIONS DEVELOPED IN THE LABORATORY INDICATE THAT THE USE OF THESE MATERIALS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE BASE COURSE OF HIGHWAYS MAY GIVE SUPERIOR RESULTS AT LOW COSTS. /AUTHOR/
Electron channelling patterns from ferromagnetic crystals in the scanning electron microscope (1969)

Abstract Electron channelling patterns in the scanning electron microscope (Coates 1967, Booker, Shaw, Whelan and Hirsch 1967) have been generated on bulk ferromagnetic crystals, including cobalt, iron, Fe3Al and barium ferrite. In cobalt, distortions have been detected in the patterns, and are attributed to the effect of the; demagnetizing fields outside the specimen surface on the incident beam. It is suggested that the distortions may be used to estimate the strength of the demagnetizing fields.
Crystal structure of 1,1’-binaphthyl-2,2’-di(pyrid-2-ylamine), C30H22N4 (2000)

C30H22N4, orthorhombic, C222i (No. 20), a = 11.705(2)Ä, b = 13.185(3)Ä,c = 29.061(6)Ä, V= 4485.0Ä 3 , Z= 8, RpiF) = 0.062, wRm(F 2 ) = 0.153, Τ = 293 Κ. Source of materialThere were added into a Schlenk flask: 1.58 g (10.0 mmol) 2-brompyridine, 1.42 g (5.0 mmol) (/?)-2,2'-diamino-U'-binaphthyl, 360 mg (0.394 mmol) Pd2(DBA) 3 , 320 mg (0.776 mmol) l,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane, 2.68 g (27.9 mmol) NaO-ieri-Bu and 50 ml of toluene.The mixture was stirred 36 h at 343 K.After cooling the mixture to room temperature solvens was evaporated.It was worked up with CH2CI2 and water, phases had been separated and the title compound was crystallized from the organic layer with the yield of 1.67 g (76 %).
Purification, crystallization and initial crystallographic analysis of RNA polymerase holoenzyme from<i>Thermus thermophilus</i> (2002)

RNA polymerase holoenzyme from Thermus thermophilus, consisting of six protein subunits (alpha(2), beta, beta', omega and sigma(70)) and having a total molecular mass of about 450 kDa, was purified and crystallized by the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion technique under mild near-physiological conditions. The crystals diffract beyond 3 A resolution. Careful analysis of diffraction data revealed that the crystals belong to space group P3(2), with unit-cell parameters a = b = 236.35, c = 249.04 A, and have perfect twinning along the threefold axis. A complete data set at 3 A resolution was collected and an unambiguous molecular-replacement solution was found using the structure of T. aquaticus RNA polymerase core enzyme as a search model. The refinement of structure and model building of the sigma(70) subunit is now in progress.
Structure and Neurochemical Organization of the Enteric Nervous System (1989)

The sections in this article are: 1 Histochemical Analysis of Circuitry of Enteric Nervous System 2 Nerve Cell Bodies in Enteric Ganglia 3 Distribution of Nerve Fibers 4 Direct Tracing of Enteric Neuron Projections 5 Effects of Lesions 6 Retrograde-Transport Tracing of Enteric Nerve Pathways 7 Projections of Enteric Neurons to Specific Targets and Functional Correlations 7.1 Guinea Pig Small Intestine Circular Muscle 7.2 Longitudinal Muscle 7.3 Myenteric Ganglia of Guinea Pig Small Intestine 7.4 Submucous Ganglia in Guinea Pig Small Intestine 7.5 Mucosa 7.6 Blood Vessels 7.7 Prevertebral Ganglia 7.8 Projections of Enteric Neurons in Other Species 8 conclusion8 Conclusions
A key management scheme in distributed sensor networks using attack probabilities (2005)

Clustering approaches have been found useful in providing scalable data aggregation, security and coding for large scale distributed sensor networks (DSNs). Clustering (also known as subgrouping) has also been effective in containing and compartmentalizing node compromise in large scale networks. We consider the problem of designing a clustered DSN when the probability of node compromise in different deployment regions is known a priori. We make use of the a priori probability to design a variant of random key predistribution method that improves the resilience and hence the fraction of compromised communications compared to seminal works. We further relate the key ring size of the subgroup node to the probability of node compromise, and design an effective scalable security mechanism that increases the resilience to the attacks for the sensor subgroups. Simulation results show that by using our scheme, the performance can be substantially improved in the sensor network (including the resilience and the fraction of compromised communications) that only sacrifices a small extent in the probability of a shared key exists between two nodes, compared to those of the prior results.
Reduced arterial baroreflex control of muscle sympathetic nerve activity in young borderline hypertensives. (1991)

Mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart interval (HI) and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) were measured before and after a bolus injection of phenylephrine in 11 normotensives (NT) and 12 borderline hypertensives (BHT). (1) Basal MSNA was elevated in BHT compared to NT. (2) Both baroreflex slope for HI and that for MSNA were significantly less in BHT. (3) There was an inverse correlation between the slope for MSNA and the basal MSNA (r = -0.63). Thus, arterial baroreflex control of sympathetic activity may be reduced in BHT and the reduction may be involved in the elevated sympathetic nerve activity in these subjects.