gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Activation of Intravascular Coagulation by Collagen. (1966)

SummaryThe activation of Factor XII (Hageman Factor) by bovine collagen has been studied in vitro and in vivo. Alkaline eluates obtained from collagen exposed to human and rabbit plasma contained Factors XII and XI, and were found to shorten markedly the whole blood clotting time of rabbits in vivo and in vitro. Formation of stasis thrombi could also be demonstrated in rabbits following injection of collagen eluates. The possible significance of collagen-induced Factor XII activation in the mechanism of hemostasis and thrombosis is discussed.
Surgery in the human fetus: the future (2003)

Fetal surgery was born of clinical necessity. Observations by pediatric surgeons and neonatologists of neonates that were born with irreversible organ damage led to the conclusion that one possible approach to prevent this alteration of developmental physiology, was fetal surgical intervention. This led to experimental validation of the pathophysiology of specific fetal defects in animal models and to the development of techniques for their prenatal surgical correction. The demonstration in animal models that the correction of an anatomical defect could reverse the associated pathophysiology led to the first systematic application of fetal surgery at the University of California, San Francisco, in the early 1980s. Since that time, fetal surgery has been applied in only a few centres and has remained relatively limited in scope. Nevertheless, there has been a dramatic improvement in our ability to diagnose, select and safely operate on an expanding number of fetal anomalies. The purpose of this article is to briefly summarize the present status of fetal surgery and to speculate about what may be in store for the future. Inherent in such an effort is a definition of what constitutes fetal surgery. In this discussion I will take considerable latitude with the definition of what constitutes fetal surgery in the future, as it is my belief that technological progress in a number of areas will result in dramatic changes in the practice and perception of fetal surgery.
Translational upregulation of folate receptors is mediated by homocysteine via RNA-heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein E1 interactions (2004)

Cellular acquisition of folate is mediated by folate receptors (FRs) in many malignant and normal human cells. Although FRs are upregulated in folate deficiency and downregulated following folate repletion, the mechanistic basis for this relationship is unclear. Previously we demonstrated that interaction of an 18-base cis-element in the 5′-untranslated region of FR mRNA and a cystolic trans-factor (heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein E1 [hnRNP E1]) is critical for FR synthesis. However, the molecular mechanisms controlling this interaction, especially within the context of FR regulation and folate status, have remained obscure. Human cervical carcinoma cells exhibited progressively increasing upregulation of FRs after shifting of folate-replete cells to low-folate media, without a proportionate rise in FR mRNA or rise in hnRNP E1. Translational FR upregulation was accompanied by a progressive accumulation of the metabolite homocysteine within cultured cells, which stimulated interaction of the FR mRNA cis-element and hnRNP E1 as well as FR biosynthesis in a dose-dependent manner. Abrupt reversal of folate deficiency also led to a rapid parallel reduction in homocysteine and FR biosynthesis to levels observed in folate-replete cells. Collectively, these results suggest that homocysteine is the key modulator of translational upregulation of FRs and establishes the linkage between perturbed folate metabolism and coordinated upregulation of FRs.
Hour-glass deformity of the pulmonary valve: a third type of pulmonary valve stenosis. (1988)

In the 12 years from 1975 to 1987, 55 patients had open pulmonary valve surgery for isolated congenital stenosis of the pulmonary valve. Three types of pulmonary stenosis were seen: (a) dome-shaped pulmonary stenosis (34 patients); (b) dysplastic pulmonary valves with thick cauliflower-like cusps (12 patients), and (c) hour-glass deformity of the pulmonary valve, with "bottle-shaped" sinuses (nine patients). This third type has not been described before. Preoperative identification of the valve structure is important because the choice of treatment (balloon dilatation for some dome-shaped valves and excision for dysplastic and hour-glass valves) depends on the type of stenosis.
High Availability in Clustered Multimedia Servers (2009)

Clustered multimedia servers, consisting of interconnected nodes and disks, have been proposed for large scale servers, that are capable of supporting multiple concurrent streams which access the video objects stored in the server. As the number of disks and nodes in the cluster increases, so does the probability of a failure. With data striped across all disks in a cluster, the failure of a single disk or node results in the disruption of many or all streams in the system. Guaranteeing high availability in such a cluster becomes a primary requirement to ensure continuous service. In this paper, we study mirroring and software RAID schemes with different placement strategies, that guarantee high availability in the event of disk and node failures, while satisfying the realtime requirements of the streams. We examine various declustering techniques for spreading the redundant information across disks and nodes and show that random declustering has good real-time performance. Finally, we compare the overall cost per stream for different system configurations. We derive the parameter space where mirroring and software RAID apply, and determine optimal parity group sizes.
<title>Automatic evaluation and adaptation of automatic target recogition systems</title> (1990)

Adequate tools for diagnosis and evaluation of Automatic Target Recognition (ATh) systems are very critical for their successful development. In this paper we describe system called: Automated Instrumentation and Evaluation (Auto-I). Auto-I provides many of the needed capabilities for rapid testing and evaluation of ATR systems. It also provides a module for automatic adaptation of algorithms parameters using algorithms performance models, optimization and Artificial Intelligence techniques. The current design of Auto-I is modular, it is designed so it can be interfaced to other ATh systems.
Computer-Controlled, Remote Spectroelectrochemical Sensor System (2001)

To investigate the impact of inhibitory processes on responses of lateral amygdaloid (LAT) neurons, intracellular recordings were obtained from identified LAT projection neurons in barbiturate-anesthetized cats. Synaptic responses evoked by perirhinal (PRH), entorhinal (ENT), basomedial, and LAT stimulation were investigated. Regardless of stimulation site, responses consisted of an excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) that either preceded and was truncated by an inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) or occurred just after the IPSP onset. IPSPs were monophasic, lasted hundreds of milliseconds, and were of such large amplitude and rapid onset that they effectively opposed the EPSPs, generally preventing orthodromic spikes. All sites elicited IPSPs with relatively negative reversal potentials around -85 mV. Experiments analyzing the underlying ionic mechanisms are presented in the companion paper. Evoked responses were similar to synaptic potentials associated with spontaneous EEG events, known as simple (small, monophasic) and complex (large, triphasic) ENT sharp potentials (SPs), with no difference between the reversals of evoked and SP-related IPSPs (-83.2 +/- 2.7 mV). IPSPs coinciding with complex SPs truncated SP-related EPSPs more rapidly and had larger amplitudes and longer durations than those related to simple SPs. These differences reflected the fact that the amplitude and duration of SP-related IPSPs were correlated with SP amplitude. Similar variations were reproduced in evoked IPSPs by varying the stimulus intensity. Low intensities generated predominantly excitatory responses consisting of EPSPs sometimes followed by small IPSPs, whereas high intensities evoked predominantly inhibitory responses comprised of a large IPSP that truncated or occluded the EPSPs. Orthodromic spikes were elicited only in a narrow range of intermediate intensities. These changes in the evoked response primarily reflected increases in the IPSP evoked at high intensities. PRH stimulation at different rostro-caudal levels demonstrated that rostral sites elicited larger EPSPs and IPSPs with shorter latencies and longer durations than caudal sites. These differences probably reflect contrasting patterns of activity spread through the PRH cortex, suggesting that the intact cortical circuitry allowed a temporally distributed activation of inhibitory interneurons and thereby partly explains the long duration and monophasic nature of the IPSPs. Inhibition, thus, plays a primary role in shaping LAT neuronal responses. The profuse intrinsic connectivity of the LAT nucleus and parahippocampal cortices may underlie the relatively invariant response pattern of LAT neurons and suggests a common mode of information processing, based upon quantitative, rather than qualitative, differences in activation of LAT circuitry. Therefore we propose that effective transmission of signals through the LAT nucleus may require activation of specifically sized neuronal ensembles, rather than widespread afferent excitation.
Facile Conversion of Electrospun TiO<sub>2</sub> into Titanium Nitride/Oxynitride Fibers (2010)

Nanocrystalline fibrous TiO2 (anatase) was prepared by electrostatic spinning from ethanolic solution of Ti(IV) butoxide, acetylacetone, and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) employing the Nanospider industrial process. These titania fibers were smoothly converted into cubic titanium oxynitride, TiOxNy fibers (a = 4.1930 Å) during 4 h at 600 °C in ammonia atmosphere. The obtained material is convertible back into TiO2 fibers by heat treatment in air at 500 °C. The TiO2 fibers, which were reformed in this way, contain anatase as the main phase. Their follow-up reaction with NH3 at 600 °C/2 h leads to a less crystalline oxynitride material with a ≈ 4.173 Å, which is close to that of cubic TiO. Three subsequent cycles of this transformation were demonstrated. The described conversions are specific for electrospun anatase fibers only. At the same experimental conditions, other forms of nanocrystalline anatase do not react with ammonia yielding cubic phases. An almost perfectly stoichiometric titanium nitride, TiN (a = 4.2290 Å) containing only 0.2 wt % O, was prepared from TiOxNy fibers in NH3 at temperatures up to 1000 °C. This TiN material maintains the morphology of fibers and is composed of nanocrystals of a similar size as those of the precursor.
A phase 1/2 study combining ipilimumab with abiraterone acetate plus prednisone in chemotherapy- and immunotherapy-naïve patients with progressive metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). (2016)

e16507 Background: We hypothesized that combining abiraterone acetate (AA), an androgen biosynthesis inhibitor shown to induce prostate cancer apoptosis for patients (pts) with mCRPC, with Ipilimumab (IPI), an immune-stimulating agent designed to potentiate the host antitumor response, would be a rational novel approach for the treatment of pts with chemo-naive mCRPC. Methods: A typical 3+3 phase 1 trial was designed to enroll pts with chemo-naïve mCRPC to be treated with standard doses of AA 1000mg po daily + prednisone 5 mg po BID in combination with IPI once every 3 weeks for a total of 4 cycles. An escalation scheme for ipilimumab started at 3 mg/kg. The primary endpoint of this study was safety, with correlative studies including circulating tumor cell (CTC), FDG and FDHT-PET imaging and immunological studies of T cell subsets, effector to regulatory T cell ratio, absolute lymphocyte count and serum cytokines. Results: In a first cohort of three pts on concomitant AA and IPI, one pt experienced grade 3 transaminases, considered a dose limiting toxicity (DLT). In the expansion cohort, a second pt experienced grade 3 transaminases, and an additional pt experienced grade 3 fatigue and colitis. Due to these DLTs, the schedule was adjusted to allow for a lead in of AA (2 months) before initiating IPI. On the updated schedule, the first cohort with IPI at 3mg/kg required expansion to six patients due to grade 3 hypokalemia and dehydration. One additional pt experienced grade 3 transaminases, and our predefined Maximum Tolerable Dose (MTD) had been exceeded. Two of the four pts treated on the concomitant schedule experienced a PSA decline, one pt experienced a 92% decline, and one pt remained on treatment for 24 weeks. Two of the five pts treated on the lead-in schedule experienced a PSA decline, one pt experienced a 56% decline, and one pt remained on treatment for 41 weeks. Correlative immunological, radiological and CTC studies are ongoing. Conclusions: Concomitant or staggered AA 1000mg + prednisone 5mg BID with IPI at 3mg/kg resulted in toxicities that exceeded our predefined MTD. Support: DOD PC081610. Clinical trial information: NCT.
High temperature protective coatings for refractory metals progress report no. 1, oct. 23, 1964 - jan. 23, 1965 (1965)

A program w a s initiated t o establish the feasibility of using iridium as a protective coating for unalloyed columbium and tantalum.Interest in iridium stemmed f r o m the observation that this metal provided remarkable protection t o graphite at temperatures of 2000C.The program encompasses a study of methods of applying iridium t o the r e f r a c t o r y metal substrate, investigation of the chemical and mechanical compatibility of the coating-substrate system, and limited oxidation studies.Electrodeposition of iridium on the substrate appears the m o s t promising method of sample preparation.ment construction and establishing plating parameters.chemical interaction on the mechanical behavior of the coating-substrate s y s t e m s w a s initiated using roll bonded, p r e s s u r e bonded, and refractory The first quarter w a s devoted t o equip-Study of the effect of metal plated samples of iridium.A microbend tinuously the microstructure of coated samples
Argonplasmakoagulation (APC) mit Argon „PreFlow“ zur Reduktion der Brandgefahr im Tracheobronchialsystem (TBS) (2005)

Hintergrund: Die Anwendung thermischer Verfahren (Nd:YAG-Laser, APC) zur Hämostase und Gewebedevitalisation im Tracheobronchialsystem (TBS) zählt zu den gängigen Behandlungsmethoden der interventionellen Bronchoskopie. Eine seltene Komplikation ist ein endobronchialer Brand mit im Einzelfall ernsten Folgen für den Patienten und teuren Schäden am Instrumentarium.
A modularized real-time indoor navigation algorithm on smartphones (2015)

This paper outlines an indoor navigation algorithm that uses multiple kinds of sensors and technologies, such as 9-axis sensors (i.e., 3D gyros, accelerometers, and magnetometers), WiFi, and magnetic matching. The corresponding real-time software on smartphones includes modules such attitude determination and gyro bias estimation, pedestrian dead-reckoning (PDR), WiFi positioning, and magnetic matching. The heading from the attitude-determination module is fed into the PDR-based position-tracking module. Then, PDR is used for providing continuous position solutions and for the blunder detection of both WiFi fingerprinting and magnetic matching. Meanwhile, WiFi fingerprinting utilizes a point-by-point matching technology, while magnetic matching is based on profile-matching. Finally, WiFi and magnetic matching results are passed into the position-tracking module as updates. This algorithm was tested with two smartphones in two indoor environments. The results indicates the proposed navigation algorithm provided better navigation results than those of PDR, WiFi, or magnetic matching by itself, and better than the results of PDR/WiFi and PDR/magnetic matching (MM) in challenging indoor environment. The proposed using off-the-shelf sensors available in consumer portable devices and existing WiFi infrastructures, and have been realized on smartphones.
IISI study on clean steel (2005)

Clean steel encompasses a multitude of concepts that are based on fulfilling customer requests. Clean steel can be produced in many ways depending on the existing equipment and detailed customer demands. A common feature of all clean steel production is tight process control along with continuous monitoring. Quality assurance is essential and it still requires many improvements. There are no specific obstacles to clean steelmaking, as the industrial processes are available, sufficiently understood and controlled. The major issues to be addressed remain disturbances that occur in industrial reality. This asks for continuous improvements in processes and equipment and for further development of quality assurance systems to achieve full control of any possible detrimental effect.
Developing two reference control samples for the Indian population (2018)

Human induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (HiPSCs) have immense potential in research and therapeutics. Under the aegis of Department of Biotechnology funded national program entitled, "The Accelerator program for Discovery in Brain Disorders using Stem Cells (ADBS)" we have established a HiPSC biorepository (https://www.ncbs.res.in/adbs/bio-repository) with an objective to study severe mental illness. The repository comprises of HiPSC lines derived from healthy control donors and individuals with life time diagnosis of severe mental illness from dense families. In the current report we submit information regarding two population control reference lines (male = 1; female = 1) from this biorepository.
Nociceptin/Orphanin FQ Metabolism: Role of Aminopeptidase and Endopeptidase 24.15 (1997)

The endogenous opioid receptor-like1 (ORL1) ligand, nociceptin/orphanin FQ (FGGFTGARKSARKLANQ), a heptadecapeptide structurally resembling dynorphin A, has recently been identified. The wide distribution of ORL1 mRNA and nociceptin/orphanin FQ precursor in the CNS, particularly in the limbic system regions and in several areas known to be involved in pain perception, suggests that nociceptin/orphanin FQ is potentially endowed with various central functions. In general, activation and/or inactivation of regulatory peptides occur through the action of cell surface peptidases. The physiological mechanisms under which nociceptin/orphanin FQ is metabolized should lead to a better understanding of its physiological functions. Mouse brain cortical slices were incubated in medium containing the heptadecapeptide in the presence or in the absence of peptidase inhibitors. The critical sites of enzymatic cleavage are Phe1-Gly2, Ala7-Arg8, Ala11-Arg12, and Arg12-Lys13 bonds. The major role played by metallopeptidases was confirmed by the complete protection of metabolism in the presence of EDTA. Aminopeptidase N and endopeptidase 24.15 are the two main enzymes involved in nociceptin/orphanin FQ metabolism, whereas endopeptidase 24.11 (involved in enkephalin [YGGFM(L)] catabolism) does not appear critically involved in nociceptin/orphanin FQ metabolism. The physiological relevance of aminopeptidase N and endopeptidase 24.15 in the heptadecapeptide metabolism remains to be determined.
Indium migration control on patterned substrates for optoelectronic device applications (1994)

Strained layer InGaAs/GaAs quantum wells have been grown by molecular-beam epitaxy on patterned (100) GaAs substrates. Indium migration away from the facets of patterned mesas is shown to be strongly dependent upon the arsenic flux during growth. Based upon this effect we have grown structures in which the number of active quantum wells in adjacent areas of a segmented contact device can be varied.
Near-Field Spatial Imaging and Time-Resolved Measurements of the Ni-like Palladium Soft X-Ray Laser (2002)

We have performed a series of near‐field imaging experiments for the nickel‐like 14.7‐nm Pd x‐ray laser with the aim to characterize the two‐dimensional source intensity distribution and its position relative to the target surface. The effect of different prepulse amplitudes at variable main pulse‐to‐prepulse delays is investigated. To further characterize the nickel‐like 14.7‐nm Pd x‐ray laser, we then performed measurements of its pulse duration with the help of a streak camera.
Determination of the pair potential and the ion-electron pseudopotential for aluminum from experimental structure-factor data for liquid aluminum (1983)

A method of inverting a given structure factor ${[S(k)]}_{\mathrm{expt}}$ of a liquid metal using a hypernetted-chain equation containing bridge-diagram contributions is presented. Starting from parametrized local pseudopotential and a parametrized model local field (or a theoretical local field), a pair potential is constructed. The $S(k)$ calculated from it is fitted to the given ${[S(k)]}_{\mathrm{expt}}$. The method is first applied to a molecular-dynamics-generated $S(k)$ derived from an ab initio aluminum potential and shown to yield the pair potential, the pseudopotential, and the charge density in excellent quantitative agreement with the original ab initio potential and other quantities. The method is then applied to the experimental $S(k)$ of aluminum from x-ray data at 943 K. The Al-Al pair potential, Al-electron pseudopotential, and electron charge densities as well as the electron-gas response function (i.e., the model local field) are obtained self-consistently, to within the accuracy of the experimental data. The calculated electrical resistivity is in excellent agreement with experiment. These investigations provide a comparative examination of the electron-gas local fields of Geldart-Taylor, Vashishta-Singwi, Ichimaru-Utsumi, and the density-functional local-density approximation. The hard-sphere parameter defining the bridge term is found to be essentially the same for the different ion-ion potentials determined from all but one of the different local fields, thus supporting the "universality" hypothesis of Rosenfeld and Ashcroft.
Photoinduced Electronic Energy Transfer: Theoretical and Experimental Issues for Light Harvesting Applications (2013)

Abstract : Successful experimental and computational studies were carried out on electronic energy transfer in molecular systems subject to either coherent or incoherent light. Specific emphasis was placed on exposing and understanding the role of coherent dynamics in energy transfer, and its possible impact on the efficiency of light harvesting systems. Considerable insight into the fundamentals of these processes was obtained, and important new research directions were identified.
A phenyl-capped aniline tetramer for Z907/tert-butylpyridine-based dye-sensitized solar cells and molecular modelling of the device (2012)

Z907-sensitized solar cells incorporating a phenyl-capped aniline tetramer (EPAT) as a substitute of the iodine/iodide redox couple in the electrolytes produce an enhanced open-circuit voltage and short circuit photocurrent density when tert-butylpyridine (TBP) is added to the electrolyte.