gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Apholate on the Ovarian Development of House Flies (1962)

Apholate (2,2,4,4,6,6-hexahydro-2,2,4,4,6,6-hexakis(1-aziridinyl)-1,3,5,2,4,6-triazatriphosphorine) when administered in the food of adult female house flies ( Musca domestica L.) at a 1.0% concentration, for a period up to 240 hours, inhibited but did not eliminate ovarian development. Its greatest effect was noticeable at 72 hours after eclosion on the nurse cells of the first and second egg chambers. The chromatin was clumped in irregular masses and the nuclei had bizarre shapes. The oocytes in the first egg chambers matured but all of the cells in the second egg chambers remained undeveloped during the entire 240 hours. The germarium was also affected, since the third egg chamber did not become visible until 168 to 192 hours after eclosion instead of 96 hours as in normal flies.
Stability of new anticonvulsant derivatives of picolinic, nicotinic, cyclocarboxylic acids in body fluids and tissues. (2014)

The stability of new compounds with established anticonvulsant activity: picolinic acid 4-pyridyl-methylamide (Pic-4-PMA), cyclopentanecarboxylic acid benzylamide (Cpc-BZA), cycloheptanecarboxylic acid benzylamide (Chc-BZA), picolinic acid 2-fluoro-3-trifluoromethylbenzylamide (Pic-2F-3TFM-BZA), 2-chloronicotinic acid benzylamide (2-Cl-Na-BZA), 6-chloronicotinic acid benzylamide (6-Cl-Na-BZA) and 6-trifluoromethylnicotinic acid benzylamide (6-TFM-Na-BZA) in homogenates of body organs and in body fluids was determined after incubation. It was found that three compounds were stable against enzymes present in body fluids and organs and two were found to decompose in liver and kidney homogenates and two decomposed only in liver homogenate.
Comparison of Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometric and Anthropometric Measures of Adiposity in Relation to Adiposity-Related Biologic Factors (2010)

Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) can provide accurate measurements of body composition. Few studies have compared the relative validity of DXA measures with anthropometric measures such as body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). The authors compared correlations of DXA measurements of total fat mass and fat mass percent in the whole body and trunk, BMI, and WC with obesity-related biologic factors, including blood pressure and levels of plasma lipids, C-reactive protein, and fasting insulin and glucose, among 8,773 adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2004). Overall, the magnitudes of correlations of BMI and WC with the obesity-related biologic factors were similar to those of fat mass or fat mass percent in the whole body and trunk, respectively. These observations were largely consistent across different age, gender, and ethnic groups. In addition, in both men and women, BMI and WC demonstrated similar abilities to distinguish between participants with and without the metabolic syndrome in comparison with corresponding DXA measurements. These data indicate that the validity of simple anthropometric measures such as BMI and WC is comparable to that of DXA measurements of fat mass and fat mass percent, as evaluated by their associations with obesity-related biomarkers and prevalence of metabolic syndrome.
Impact of Heavy Ion Energy and Nuclear Interactions on Single-Event Upset and Latchup in Integrated Circuits (2007)

The effects of heavy ion energy and nuclear interactions on the single-event upset (SEU) and single-event latchup (SEL) response of commercial and radiation-hardened CMOS ICs are explored. Above the threshold LET for direct ionization-induced upsets, little difference is observed in single-event upset and latchup cross sections measured using low versus high energy heavy ions. However, significant differences between low- and high-energy heavy ion test results are observed below the threshold LET for single-node direct ionization-induced upsets. The data suggest that secondary particles produced by nuclear interactions play a role in determining the SEU and SEL hardness of integrated circuits, especially at low LET. The role of nuclear interactions and implications for radiation hardness assurance and rate prediction are discussed.
Electromagnetic-energy dissipation of plane-wave pulses in a causal, dispersive dielectric (1993)

The dissipation of electromagnetic energy from a plane-wave pulse which is propagating in a Lorentz medium is investigated.
Selective Management of Blunt Splenic Trauma (1986)

During a recent 8-year period, 235 patients with documented blunt splenic trauma were treated. After exclusion of 39 patients with early deaths (19 dead on arrival, nine died in emergency room, and 11 died in operating room), the 196 remaining patients were treated in accordance with an evolving selective management program. Definitive management included splenectomy in 117 patients (59.7%), repair in 32 (16.3%), and nonoperative treatment in 47 (24%). A spectrum of blunt splenic trauma, as manifested by the degree of associated injuries (Injury Severity Scores), hemodynamic status, and blood transfusion requirements, was identified and permitted application of a rational selective management program that proved safe and effective for all age groups. Comparative analysis of the three methods of treatment demonstrated differences that were more a reflection of the overall magnitude of total bodily injury sustained rather than the specific manner in which any injured spleen was managed. Retrospective analysis of 19 nonoperative management failures enabled establishment of the following selection criteria for nonoperative management: absolute hemodynamic stability; minimal or lack of peritoneal findings; and maximal transfusion requirement of 2 units for the splenic injury. With operative management, splenorrhaphy is preferred, but it was often precluded by associated life-threatening injuries or by technical limitations. Of 42 attempted splenic repairs, ten (24%) were abandoned intraoperatively. There were no late failures of repair. In many cases of blunt splenic trauma, splenectomy still remains the most appropriate course of action.
ChemInform Abstract: Design of Nonpeptides from Peptide Ligands for Peptide Receptors (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Evidence for the electrolysis of water by atmospheric-pressure plasmas formed at the surface of aqueous solutions (2012)

Abstract The formation of atmospheric-pressure plasmas with liquid electrodes holds great importance for a number of emerging technologies and applications, yet fundamental questions remain about the nature of the interactions at the plasma/liquid interface. In particular, when the liquid serves as the anode, the plasma supplies gas-phase electrons to the liquid surface, and how these electrons interact with the liquid has not been fully explained. In this work, we present experimental evidence that in the case of water, plasma electrons are involved in electrolytic reactions leading to the conversion of protons (H + ) to hydrogen gas. Reactions associated with water electrolysis are indirectly characterized by pH measurements that show qualitatively and quantitatively that the liquid at the plasma interface increases in basicity, consistent with the reduction of protons by plasma electrons. Mass spectrometry measurements confirm the evolution of hydrogen gas, directly providing evidence of water electrolysis. This work highlights the critical role that plasma electrons can play in plasma/liquid interactions with broad implications for any plasma system involving an aqueous electrode, including emerging applications in plasma medicine and plasma–liquid materials synthesis.
Weakening the language bias in LINUS (1994)

Abstract The two main limitations of propositional inductive learning algorithms are the limited capability of taking into account available background knowledge and the limited expressiveness of the knowledge representation formalism used for describing examples, background knowledge and concepts. The paper presents a method for using background knowledge effectively in learning both propositional and relational descriptions. The method, implemented in the system LINUS, uses propositional learners in a more expressive logic programming framework. This allows for learning of logic programs in the form of constrained deductive hierarchical database clauses and determinate deductive database clauses.
How I treat acquired aplastic anemia (2012)

Survival in severe aplastic anemia (SAA) has markedly improved in the past 4 decades because of advances in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, immunosuppressive biologics and drugs, and supportive care. However, management of SAA patients remains challenging, both acutely in addressing the immediate consequences of pancytopenia and in the long term because of the disease's natural history and the consequences of therapy. Recent insights into pathophysiology have practical implications. We review key aspects of differential diagnosis, considerations in the choice of first- and second-line therapies, and the management of patients after immunosuppression, based on both a critical review of the recent literature and our large personal and research protocol experience of bone marrow failure in the Hematology Branch of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.
The alpha-chain of murine CD8 lacks an invariant Ig-like disulfide bond but contains a unique intrachain loop instead. (1989)

The CD8 Ag is a cell surface heterodimer which demarcates predominantly cytotoxic T cells which are restricted by class I MHC Ag. The disulfide bonds within the murine structure were assigned in this study and the alpha-beta-interchain bond involves one or more cysteine residues located in each chain proximal to the plasma membrane or included within it. The location of the intrachain disulfide loop within the CD8 beta-chain confirms its proposed structural homology to an IgV domain but no corresponding disulfide loop is present within the alpha-chain. The invariant IgV disulfide loop has been replaced by a unique, short loop involving an unusual cysteine which is conserved in the CD8 alpha-chains of man, mouse, and rat. Despite its lack of precedent in other Ig-related structures, this unusual disulfide loop can be parsimoniously accommodated into a modified domain which has retained the major features of the Ig structural motif.
Specific Vital Staining of Shizomycetes by Calcofluor White M2R (1966)

Calcofluor white M2R (CFW), a brightner agent in detergents of washing, was bound by cells of plant origin such as bacteria, Candida and Chlorophyta, but not by the tissue culture cells of animal origin so far examined. The present report is concerned with experiments designed to investigate the transmissibility of the dye to bacterial progenies.When the viable cells of Escherichia coli or Candida albicans in Trypticase soy broth was exposed to CFW at 2, 000 to 2mcg/ml concentrations and incubated, they were instantaeneously stained with the dye, but the dye did not cause any significant growth inhibition of the organisms throughout the incubation period. The fluorescent E. coli was washed with sterile physiological saline and was then transfered to new medium, and followed by the incubation at 37°C. All of the progenies so far examined up to 8 hours showed intense fluorescence. This result suggests that CFW bound to the cells was transferred to their progenies to a detectable extent, at least after 16 repeated divisions.
Sub-20  fs μJ-energy pulses tunable down to the near-UV from a 1  MHz Yb-fiber laser system (2014)

Optical parametric amplifiers render widely tunable ultrashort pulses, but for full spectral coverage, complex mixing schemes are needed. In particular, the blue and near-UV part of the spectrum is not directly reached with the 800 nm pump from Ti:sapphire systems or the 1030 nm pump of Yb-based lasers. We combine third harmonic pumping at 343 nm with seeding by a second harmonic (SH) pumped continuum to tune a noncollinear optical parametric amplifier down to 395 nm. Together with a SH pumped branch, the full range from 395 to 970 nm is covered with 20 fs pulse length or less. Pulse energies up to the μJ-level with an average power of up to 200 mW at 200 kHz and 480 mW at 1 MHz are achieved. With additional frequency doubling, the full range down to 210 nm is reached without gap. Two-photon absorption in the amplifier crystal is discussed as the critical issue in UV-pumped systems.
Erratum: Surface-Groove-Induced Azimuthal Anchoring of a Nematic Liquid Crystal: Berreman’s Model Reexamined [Phys. Rev. Lett.<b>98</b>, 187803 (2007)] (2007)

Received 30 August 2007DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.139902©2007 American Physical Society
Multispectral images of flowers reveal the adaptive significance of using long-wavelength-sensitive receptors for edge detection in bees (2017)

Many pollinating insects acquire their entire nutrition from visiting flowers, and they must therefore be efficient both at detecting flowers and at recognizing familiar rewarding flower types. A crucial first step in recognition is the identification of edges and the segmentation of the visual field into areas that belong together. Honeybees and bumblebees acquire visual information through three types of photoreceptors; however, they only use a single receptor type-the one sensitive to longer wavelengths-for edge detection and movement detection. Here, we show that these long-wavelength receptors (peak sensitivity at ~544 nm, i.e., green) provide the most consistent signals in response to natural objects. Using our multispectral image database of flowering plants, we found that long-wavelength receptor responses had, depending on the specific scenario, up to four times higher signal-to-noise ratios than the short- and medium-wavelength receptors. The reliability of the long-wavelength receptors emerges from an intricate interaction between flower coloration and the bee's visual system. This finding highlights the adaptive significance of bees using only long-wavelength receptors to locate flowers among leaves, before using information provided by all three receptors to distinguish the rewarding flower species through trichromatic color vision.
Second harmonic generation in a thin AlAs-GaAs multilayer structure with wave propagation in the plane of the layers (1976)

Second harmonic generation was measured from a thin AlAs-GaAs single-crystal multilayer using a laser tunable from 1.9 to 2.2 μm as fundamental. Due to propagation effects in the multilayers, the index mismatch nTM(2ω)−nTE(ω), obtained from the coherence length oscillations, is smaller than for the corresponding alloy.
The level crossing problem in semi-classical analysis I. The symmetric case (2003)

We describe a microlocal normal form for a symmetric system of pseudo-differential equations whose principal symbol is a real symmetric matrix with a generic crossing of eigenvalues. We use it in order to give a precise description of the microlocal solutions.
Regioselective Transformation of the Functional Groups of Coenzyme PQQ (1990)

Abstract Regioselective transformation of the carboxyl groups of PQQ was performed by applying the regioselective hydrolysis of the three methyl ester groups of trimethyl 5-methoxy-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-f]quinoline-2,7,9-tricarboxylate (1).
Decreased macrophage‐mediated cytotoxicity in mammary‐tumor‐bearing mice is related to alteration of nitric‐oxide production and/or release (1995)

Peritoneal-exudate macrophages (PEM) from mammary-tumor-bearing mice have impaired cytotoxic activity against syngeneic and allogeneic tumor targets. The ability of PEM from normal and tumor-bearing mice to bind tumor targets was found to be similar in the presence or the absence of surrogate receptors, which enhanced the binding but not the killing of tumor targets by PEM from tumor-bearing mice, suggesting that other mechanisms are involved in their impaired cytolytic activity. Soluble and membrane-bound TNF-alpha, as well as H2O2, were found in higher amounts in PEM from tumor bearers upon stimulation with LPS, as compared with PEM from normal mice. However, tumor-bearers' macrophages displayed decreased capacity to produce and/or release nitric oxide, which could be reversed by the addition of increasing levels of IFN-gamma. These results indicate that the lack of macrophage cytotoxicity in mammary-tumor-bearing mice is related to impaired production and/or release of NO by these effector cells, possibly aggravated by the insufficient IFN-gamma production previously reported in these animals. Moreover, mammary-tumor progression results in dis-regulation of synthesis of macrophage-mediators, with over-production of molecules to which mammary-tumor cells are insensitive and deficient production of NO, the crucial molecule to which these cells appear to be highly sensitive.
Fluorescence upconversion study of <i>cis</i>-stilbene isomerization (1990)

The isomerization dynamics of cis-stilbene in the first excited singlet state were studied by the technique of fluorescence upconversion. Lifetime measurements were made with subpicosecond resolution in 2-propanol, decanol, n-hexane, and tetradecane. The cis-stilbene fluorescence decay curves are single exponential in all solvents except for decanol, where they are adequately described by a double exponential. A weak viscosity dependence of the decay times is observed in both alcohols and alkanes. These results are discussed in terms of the Bagchi, Fleming, Oxtoby theory [J. Chem. Phys. 78, 7375 (1983)] for activationless electronic relaxation in solution, and the limitations of hydrodynamic models of microscopic friction. The fluorescence decay times of α,α′ dideutero cis-stilbene (cis-stilbene-D2) in tetradecane are found to be approximately 20% greater than those of cis-stilbene. A picosecond component in the fluorescence anisotropy decay measurements made in 2-propanol suggest that we are directly measuring motion along the reaction coordinate.
ARCPEP 2 Continuation Project (Seton Hill University) (2014)

It is widely acknowledged that cardiovascular disease prevention requires intervention as early in the human lifespan as practical.A window of opportunity presents in early adulthood when students gain independence as young adults attending university.In a three-phase investigation, this study will evaluate the behavioral patterns of university students in the domains of diet, exercise, stress management, smoking and sleep (phase 1).Informed with information from phase 1, a pilot study (phase 2) will test the feasibility of performing an intervention in university students consisting of an 8-week period during which the students will receive three text messages (by phone or iPad) per week, tailored to address the behavioral issues that the student has identified as needing improvement and for which the student has indicated a desire to make change.Using lessons learned in phase 2, a randomized, controlled trial the 8 week intervention (phase 3) will be performed with the plan to compare the outcomes of behavior change, measures of anthropomorphic data, and serum markers of cardiovascular risk to test the impact of the 15.
Robotic Simulation of Flexible-Body Spacecraft Dynamics (2016)

A robotic testbed has been developed to conduct hardware-in-the-loop simulations of a robotic servicer interacting with a client satellite on-orbit. By creating an analytical model of a satellite with flexible appendages, it is possible to simulate the system response to external force and torque inputs and compare the predicted system motion to a robot mass simulator outfitted with physical appendages. This validation effort includes multiple test cases that encompass the types of interaction forces a satellite might experience during a nominal on-orbit servicing mission and aims to show the simulation's ability to capture the physical system response. After incorporating the flexible-body dynamics into the robotic mass simulator at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), a hardware-in-the-loop simulation can be used to characterize the potential impact of structural flexibility on an end-to-end satellite servicing mission.
Fault diagnostics and evaluation in cryogenic loading system using optimization algorithm (2015)

   Physics-based approach to the cryogenic flow health management is presented. It is based on fast and time-accurate physics models of the cryogenic flow in the transfer line. We discuss main features of one of these models – the homogeneous moving front model and presents results of its validation. The main steps of the approach including fault detection, identification, and evaluation are discussed. A few examples of faults are presented. It is shown that dynamic features of the faults naturally form a number of ambiguity groups. A D-matrix approach to optimized identification of these faults is briefly outlined. An example of discerning and evaluating faults within one ambiguity group using optimization algorithm is considered in more details. An application of this approach to the Integrated Health Management of cryogenic loading is discussed.
Cost-Sensitive Classification: Empirical Evaluation of a Hybrid Genetic Decision Tree Induction Algorithm (1995)

This paper introduces ICET, a new algorithm for cost-sensitive classification. ICET uses a genetic algorithm to evolve a population of biases for a decision tree induction algorithm. The fitness function of the genetic algorithm is the average cost of classification when using the decision tree, including both the costs of tests (features, measurements) and the costs of classification errors. ICET is compared here with three other algorithms for cost-sensitive classification - EG2, CS-ID3, and IDX - and also with C4.5, which classifies without regard to cost. The five algorithms are evaluated empirically on five real-world medical datasets. Three sets of experiments are performed. The first set examines the baseline performance of the five algorithms on the five datasets and establishes that ICET performs significantly better than its competitors. The second set tests the robustness of ICET under a variety of conditions and shows that ICET maintains its advantage. The third set looks at ICET's search in bias space and discovers a way to improve the search.
Use of Roentgenograms and Lightgrams as Supplements to Autoradiographs of Tooth Sections (1961)

PREVIOUS ARTICLEInternational Association for Dental Research Abstracts of Papers Presented at the Seventh Annual Meeting of the Japanese Division