gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Study of insulin resistance in subjects with AFLD (2007)

Objective To study whether there is the insulin resistance in subjects with alcoholic fatty liver disease.Methods 58 patients were detected.There were 31 patients were primary nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(PNAFLD),27 patients were alcoholic fatty liver disease(AFLD).There are 22 persons without abnormal metabolic indexes as controls.The levels of blood glucose,lipids,insulin and urine acid were measured in all subjects,and BP,BMI,waist circumference(WC) were detected too.Results The patients with alcoholic fatty liver disease had the higher levels of BP,BMI,WC,serum total cholesterol,TG,FPG,fasting insulin,fasting C-peptide,and HOMA-IR index than the controls,and lower levels Of HDL-C,insulin sensitivity index than the controls.Conclusion There was high metabolic disorder and insulin resistance in AFLD.There were high BP and abnormal purine metabolism in AFLD.
Effects of the amylin analogue pramlintide on hepatic glucagon responses and intermediary metabolism in Type 1 diabetic subjects (1999)

Co-administration of pramlintide and insulin to Type 1 diabetic subjects for 4 weeks does not change the plasma glucose or endogenous glucose production response to a glucagon challenge, following an overnight fast. In addition, pramlintide administration does not appear to alter insulin-mediated glucose disposal.
THE FORMATION OF FREE RADICALS AND THE CONSEQUENCES OF THEIR REACTIONS <i>IN VIVO</i> (1978)

Abstract— Mechanisms for the initiation of free radical reactions in vivo are reviewed, including ozone and 1 O 2 reactions, radiation, one‐electron transfer processes, and enzymatic reactions. The roles that radical reactions might play in aging processes and in carcinogenesis are discussed.
Using Word-Pair Identifier to Improve Chinese Input System (2005)

This paper presents a word-pair (WP) identifier that can be used to resolve homonym/segmentation ambiguities and perform syllable-to-word (STW) conversion effectively for improving Chinese input systems. The experiment results show the following: (1) the WP identifier is able to achieve tonal (syllables with four tones) and toneless (syllables without four tones) STW accuracies of 98.5 % and 90.7%, respectively, among the identified word-pairs; (2) while applying the WP identifier, together with the Microsoft input method editor 2003 and an optimized bigram model, the tonal and toneless STW improvements of the two input systems are 27.5%/18.9% and 22.1%/18.8%, respectively. 1
The occurrence and spawning of cultured Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in a Canadian river (1997)

The New Brunswick Bay of Fundy salmon aquaculture industry expanded from 6 t in 1980 to 16 380 t in 1995. With the growth of the industry came an increase in the frequency of escaped cultured salmon entering and spawning in fresh water. Since 1992, the Magaguadavic River, located in the centre of the New Brunswick salmon aquaculture industry, has been monitored to show changes in the proportions of wild and escaped cultured salmon entering the river. Wild salmon numbers steadily declined over 5 years, whereas cultured salmon numbers generally increased. Cultured salmon entered the river later than wild salmon and the majority of cultured salmon were sexually immature. Present ratios of multi-sea-winter to one-sea-winter for wild salmon are 0.4:1, compared with 2:1 a decade earlier. Eggs were sampled from 20 redds in the Magaguadavic River in 1993. Analysis of carotenoid pigments revealed that 45% of the redds were made by females of definite wild origin, at least 20% by females of definite cultured origin, and the remaining 35% contained eggs with pigments indicating a possibility of cultured origin. Thus, redds of cultured escapees could be as high as 55% of the total examined. The location of the Magaguadavic River, and the availability of data on wild and cultured salmon in the river dating back to 1992, make this an ideal site for a Canadian reference river to monitor interactions between wild and cultured salmon.
Interference between Satellite Communication Systems and Common Carrier Surface Systems (1962)

Various published papers have discussed in quite general terms the problem of interference between satellite systems and ground systems. These studies have been largely qualitative, rather than quantitative, in nature. The magnitude of the interference between a satellite system and ground system, however, depends greatly on the frequency plans involved, the character and degree of modulation used, and the parameters of the equipment. Bell Telephone Laboratories has under construction experimental satellite equipment designed to operate in the heavily used 4- and 6-kmc common carrier bands, and the present paper is directed to the potential interference between this satellite equipment and ground point-to-point systems. Interference involving a satellite station and the TD-2 and TH systems is analyzed specifically, and it is shown that the separation between systems must be of the order of 100 to 120 miles or more when the antenna of the common carrier transmitter or receiver is pointed directly at the satellite ground station. If the antenna is beamed 90 degrees or more from the satellite site, the minimum distance may be of the order of 10 miles even when line-of-sight propagation exists between locations. This assumes the use of the Bell System's horn-reflector antenna on the terrestrial system. With a parabolic dish antenna the latter distance must be increased to about 40 miles and adequate blocking must exist in the interference path. These distances provide adequate freedom from mutual interference for both telephone and television modulating signals.
Manual of Core Care Plans for Cancer Nursing Richardson A Manual of core care plans for cancer nursing Scutari Press ￡11.50 148pp 1-871364-68-X (1992)

The Royal Marsden Hospital's latest book, Manual of Core Care Plans for Cancer Nursing, is well laid out, concise and useful.
Electroluminescence and nature of lightly spark-processed silicon (1998)

We report the emission of significant infra-red as well as visible electroluminescence (EL) from lightly spark-processed Si (LSP-Si). Studies by scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) reveal the presence of small globules down to around 2 nm in diameter, the sizes necessary for significant quantum confinement and blue-shifted interband radiation to occur. However, studies with oxidized samples and samples processed in non-oxygen gases suggest that silicon oxides play a major role. Measurements by elastic recoil detection analysis and Rutherford back scattering analysis show that LSP-Si has a 150-250 nm thick oxidized surface layer. This layer is some four times thicker in medium sparked samples. There is negligible foreign material other than oxygen and slight C and N. Samples without encapsulation show changes in resistance but no change in efficiency after 500 hours of pulse operation.
A Synthetic Interaction between<i>CDC20</i>and<i>RAD4</i>in<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>upon UV Irradiation (2014)

Regulation of DNA repair can be achieved through ubiquitin-mediated degradation of transiently induced proteins. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Rad4 is involved in damage recognition during nucleotide excision repair (NER) and, in conjunction with Rad23, recruits other proteins to the site of damage. We identified a synthetic interaction upon UV exposure between Rad4 and Cdc20, a protein that modulates the activity of the anaphase promoting complex (APC/C), a multisubunit E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. The moderately UV sensitive Δrad4 strain became highly sensitive when cdc20-1 was present, and was rescued by overexpression of CDC20. The double mutant is also deficient in elicting RNR3-lacZ transcription upon exposure to UV irradiation or 4-NQO compared with the Δrad4 single mutant. We demonstrate that the Δrad4/cdc20-1 double mutant is defective in double strand break repair by way of a plasmid end-joining assay, indicating that Rad4 acts to ensure that damaged DNA is repaired via a Cdc20-mediated mechanism. This study is the first to present evidence that Cdc20 may play a role in the degradation of proteins involved in nucleotide excision repair.
Rapid detection of Akabane virus by a novel reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay (RT-LAMP) (2013)

This study is to first to develop a rapid, sensitive, and accurate method for the detection of Akabane virus, which may be used to screen clinical samples in developing countries or regions.
Molecular Genetics of Hereditary Spinocerebellar Ataxia (2004)

The distribution of SCA1-3 and SCA6-7 gene mutations is peculiar in Italy. We found a relatively high frequency of SCA1 and SCA2 gene expansions; SCA3, SCA6, and SCA7 mutations were rare, compared with other European countries. No SCA10 or SCA12 and only a few SCA8 (2/225) and SCA17 (2/225) families were detected. In patients negative for defects in known SCA genes, repeat expansion detection data strongly suggest that, at least in our population, CAG/CTG expansions in novel genes should be considered an unlikely cause of the SCA phenotype.
Photorearrangement of an unsymmetric azo-compound (1971)

N. A. Porter and P. M. Iloff, J. Chem. Soc. D, 1971, 1575 DOI: 10.1039/C29710001575
An optimal growth medium for the dinoflagellate Crypthecodinium cohnii (1975)

A synthetic defined medium [NaCI 342 mM, MgSO428 mM, CaCl27.5 mM, KC19 mM, disodium glycerophosphate 0.79 mM, (NH4)2SO41.5 mM, sodium acetate 15 mM, l · histidine · HCl 0.8 mM, biotin 8.2 × 10−9 M, thiamin · HCl 2.96 × 10−6 M, vitamin B127.49 × 10−10 M, d-glucose 22 mM, betaine · HCl 9.7 mM, MES 8 mM, F metal mix (100 × stock solution contains: nitrilotriacetic acid 6 mM, 5-sulphosalicylic acid 0.08 mM, Fe(NH4)2(SO4)20.18 mM, NaOH 30 mM, pH to 3.8 with HCl), final medium pH=6.6] for optimal growth of the dinoflagellate, Crypthecodinium cohnii, has been experimentally defined. Optimal growth is obtained in the dark. The temperature optimum for binary fission is 27°C. The pH optimum is 6.6. Agitation of cultures is inhibitory. In this medium under these optimal conditions C. cohnii will undergo three divisions per day.
Fast Forwarding for Content-Based Networking (2001)

This paper presents an algorithm for content-based forwarding, an essential function in content-based networking. Unlike in traditional address-based unicast or multicast networks, where messages are given explicit destination addresses, the movement of messages through a content-based network is driven by predicates applied to the content of the messages. Forwarding in such a network amounts to evaluating the predicates stored in a router’s forwarding table in order to decide to which neighbor routers the message should be sent. We are interested in nding a forwarding algorithm that can make this decision as quickly as possible in situations where there are large numbers of predicates and high volumes of messages. We present such an algorithm and give the results of studies evaluating its performance.
A multithreaded concurrent garbage collector parallelizing the new instruction in Java (2002)

Parallel, multithreaded Java applications such as Web servers, database servers, and scientific applications are becoming increasingly prevalent. Most of them have high object instantiation rates through the new bytecode that is implemented in a garbage collection subsystem typically. For aforementioned applications, traditional garbage collectors are often the bottleneck that limits program performance and processor utilization on multiprocessor systems. They suffer from long garbage collection pauses (stop-the-world mark-sweep algorithm) or inability of collecting cyclic garbage (reference counting approach). Generational garbage collection, however, is based only on the weak generational hypothesis that most objects die young. In this paper, a new multithreaded concurrent generational garbage collector (MCGC) based on mark-sweep with the assistance of reference counting is proposed. The MCGC can take advantage of multiple CPUs in an SMP system and the merits or light weight processes. Furthermore, the long garbage collection pause can be reduced and the garbage collection efficiency can be enhanced.
Software for biogas research: Tools for measurement and prediction of methane production (2018)

Biogas production from organic materials by anaerobic digestion is both a developed technology and an active area of research. In this contribution we describe an R package designed to help standardize biogas research. A web-based application provides access to the main functions. The software can be used to accurately calculate biochemical methane potential (BMP) from a range of biogas measurement types. Additionally, methane potential can be predicted from substrate composition, facilitating experimental design and interpretation of results. By providing access to flexible, efficient, standardized, and transparent algorithms, this software may make biogas research more accurate and efficient.
Direct growth of molybdenum disulfide on arbitrary insulating surfaces by chemical vapor deposition (2014)

Direct growth of large area, uniform and patternable few-layer molybdenum disulfide is achieved on arbitrary insulating substrates by CVD.
A Fingerprint Image Enhancement Algorithm Based on Stretching Transfer Function (2019)

Abstract In this paper, a fingerprint image enhancement algorithm based on the stretching transfer function is proposed. The Otsu method is used to generate the threshold, which divides the fingerprint image grayscale roughly into two parts. The width of grayscale distribution can be controlled by adjusting the parameter of the stretching transfer function. The contrast of the input fingerprint image will be enhanced by the function, highlight image layers and make the ridge and valley lines clearer. The function could also retain the fingerprint image information in transformation process, thus lays a solid foundation for the accuracy and reliability of the fingerprint characteristic value extraction in the next step. The treatment effect of the algorithm is obviously better than that of histogram equalization algorithm; the superiority also lies in the smaller amount of calculation and the faster processing speed which effectively avoids manual intervention. It can be used for the occasion with limited computing resources and high real-time requirements. Besides, the ability to control the contrast of output image by only changing a single parameter provides users with regulations and choices in biometric.
A machine-assisted approach for the preparation of follow-on pharmaceutical compound libraries (2018)

Coupling of a continuous flow process to a robotic microwave device has led to a simple platform for the preparation of compound libraries, specifically the anti-migraine compound Zolmitriptan and several unknown analogues.
Youth, sex, taboos and condoms. (1998)

This paper compares the two main approaches that prevent the exposure of youths to the risks related to sex as well as their effectiveness in educating young people about sex. Approach A is to equip young people before they have sex with enough knowledge, moral standards, and materials to make sex enjoyable without exposing them to too much risk. Approach B is to create taboos about sexual relationships outside formal marriage and enforce the taboos using culture or religion. This method often results in people being given little information and even misinformation. It is shown that approach A is more highly favored than approach B and showed better results in reduction of sex risks. However, approach B is not a complete nonsense since it was successful in many religious communities such as the Moslem world, and some claim this system used to work widely in Africa in the past. Overall, it is noted that the people either need a whole-hearted B-type approach, necessitating a complete transformation of the society or the A approach of openness, everybody being informed, and 100% support for condoms in all sexual relations with any risk.
Historia, Metodología y Salud vinculadas al tiro con arco (2008)

Se realiza un estudio sobre la evolución histórica y aspectos técnico-metodológicos del Tiro con Arco; especificando, de esta manera, los parámetros a tener en cuenta para realizar un adecuado control médico del entrenamiento deportivo a estos deportistas, con vista a obtener mejores resultados competitivos. Los deportes de Arte Competitivo y Coordinación tienen la característica de que constituyen un espectáculo en su totalidad y que son perseguidos y muy bien recibidos por los fanáticos. Entre estos deportes se encuentra el Tiro con Arco, el que se conceptualiza como el arte, práctica o destreza en el uso de un arco y flechas para la caza, la guerra o el deporte.
Industrial prospects for thermophiles and thermophilic enzymes. (1983)

Reasons for enzyme instability are discussed. Thermophiles are a promising source of more stable intracellular enzymes. This aids their purification as well as providing desirable industrial properties. The organisms themselves have advantages for high temperature fermentations, e.g. for ethanol production. Systems for cloning genes into them are under development. An example is given of genetic and physiological manipulation of a fast-fermenting Bacillus stearothermophilus to increase ethanol yields at 70 degrees C similar to those obtained with yeasts.
Time-delayed contrast-enhanced MRI improves detection of brain metastases and apparent treatment volumes (2015)

In patients who are being prepared for SRS of BMs, delayed MRI after contrast injection revealed more targets that needed treatment. In addition, apparent treatment volumes increased with a time delay. To avoid missing tumors that could be treated at the time of planned SRS and resultant "treatment failures," the authors recommend that postcontrast MR images be acquired between 10 and 15 minutes after injection in patients undergoing SRS for treatment of BMs.
Structural Organization of Transcription Termination Factor Rho (1996)

Escherichia coli has two known modes for termination of RNA transcription(1, 2, 3, 4). One is intrinsic to the function of RNA polymerase, which can spontaneously terminate transcription in response to certain, limited sequences. The other mode is dependent upon the action of an essential protein factor called Rho and occurs at sequences that are specific for its function but that are less constrained than the sequences for intrinsic termination.
ISA handbook of measurement equations and tables (1994)

This handbook contains information essential for choosing the proper selection, installation, and use of measurement devices. It provides instrumentation engineers and technicians with a single easy-to-use resource of formulas and data related to measurement instruments. The book is divided into sections according to the physical property being measured. Each section gives important equations and definitions, unit conversion tables, and other useful graphs and look-up tables. An extensive index helps the user find information quickly. Contents: Pressure, Flow, Temperature, Humidity and Moisture, Viscosity, Electrical, Radiation, and Level Measurement, Units of Measurement.
An experimental compact Hi-Vision VCR using metal evaporated tape (1994)

We studied VCR systems and made an experimental setup to design a Hi-Vision camera-VCR. We used a non-segmented tape transport system, a TCI(Time Compressed Integration) 2-channel FM recording system, a lower shifting FM modulator and a quadruple multiple FM demodulator with reduced Moire interference. The tape used a metal evaporated tape with superior recording ability in short wavelength areas. We realized high-quality playback video signals from detailed analysis of the FM characteristics on a magnetic recording channel of the metal evaporated tape. The performances of this VCR are: the minimum recording wavelength of 0.37 μm, the baseband bandwidth of 20 MHz for luminance and 7 MHz for chrominance, and SNR of 41 dB for luminance and 45 dB for chrominance
A formal model of annotations of digital content (2007)

This article is a study of the themes and issues concerning the annotation of digital contents, such as textual documents, images, and multimedia documents in general. These digital contents are automatically managed by different kinds of digital library management systems and more generally by different kinds of information management systems. Even though this topic has already been partially studied by other researchers, the previous research work on annotations has left many open issues. These issues concern the lack of clarity about what an annotation is, what its features are, and how it is used. These issues are mainly due to the fact that models and systems for annotations have only been developed for specific purposes. As a result, there is only a fragmentary picture of the annotation and its management, and this is tied to specific contexts of use and lacks-general validity. The aim of the article is to provide a unified and integrated picture of the annotation, ranging from defining what an annotation is to providing a formal model. The key ideas of the model are: the distinction between the meaning and the sign of the annotation, which represent the semantics and the materialization of an annotation, respectively; the clear formalization of the temporal dimension involved with annotations; and the introduction of a distributed hypertext between digital contents and annotations. Therefore, the proposed formal model captures both syntactic and semantic aspects of the annotations. Furthermore, it is built on previously existing models and may be seen as an extension of them.
Repeating pattern discovery and structure analysis from acoustic music data (2004)

Music and songs usually have repeating patterns and prominent structure. The automatic extraction of such repeating patterns and structure is useful for further music summarization, indexing and retrieval. In this paper, an effective approach of repeating pattern discovery and structure analysis of acoustic music data is proposed. In order to represent the melody similarity more accurately, in our approach, Constant Q transform is utilized in feature extraction and a novel similarity measure between musical features is proposed. From the self-similarity matrix of the music, an adaptive method is then presented to extract all significant repeating patterns. Based on the obtained repetitions, musical structure is further analyzed using a few heuristic rules. Finally, an optimization-based approach is proposed to determine the accurate boundary of each musical section. Evaluations on various music pieces indicate our approach is promising.