gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Path Following Lateral Control Scheme for Four-Wheel Independent Drive Autonomous Vehicle Using Sliding Mode Prediction Control (2022)

Four-wheel independent drive autonomous vehicle (4WIDAV) is constantly influenced by uncertainties, including parameter fluctuation, modeling error, and external disturbance during the path following process. If those uncertainties are not handled properly, 4WIDAV may deviate from the desired path or even become unstable. Motivated by this issue, a path following lateral control scheme based on modified sliding mode prediction control (SMPC) is proposed for 4WIDAV. First, an SMPC framework is built, which introduces the prediction process into the approaching process of sliding mode dynamic trajectory to alleviate the chattering phenomenon. Second, a lumped uncertainty term containing the modeling error, parameter fluctuation, and external disturbance is introduced in the prediction process of the SMPC framework. The accurate estimation of lumped uncertainty aforementioned is realized through an extended state observer (ESO). Third, the torque distribution method based on tire force observation is designed to ensure the driving stability of the 4WIDAV. Finally, typical driving maneuvers are performed in simulations and experiments to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. Compared with the existing methods, the proposed control scheme can improve the tracking performance up to 69.4% and 52.8% in simulation and experiment, respectively. Therefore, the proposed scheme can be used as a theoretical reference for path following lateral control of autonomous vehicle.
[No Title] (2000)

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Biological assessment of rivers in the Manawatu‐Wanganui region of New Zealand using a predictive macroinvertebrate model (2003)

Abstract This study presents a river invertebrate and classification system (RIVPACS) type bioassessment methodology for the Manawatu‐Wanganui region of New Zealand. Aquatic macroinvertebrates and related physico‐chemical data were collected at 127 sites, with minimal human impacts (reference sites) in 2000. The reference sites were classified into five groups based on their macroinvertebrate data using TWINSPAN. These biotic groupings were then applied to their corresponding physico‐chemical data and discriminant functions were obtained to assign sites into the biotic groups using the physico‐chemical data. The discriminant functions correctly allocated 72% of the sites to the correct classification group using a jack‐knife validation. The probabilities from the discriminant functions were used to predict macroinvertebrate assemblages and these were compared with observed macroinvertebrate assemblages. The model was then used to assess the health of 29 test sites with known impacts. All test sites were assessed as impacted based on the 10th percentile of the reference data. To evaluate the temporal reliability of the model, data available for 11 sites sampled in 1997 and 2000 were run through the model. The results of this comparison showed little variation in O/E ratios over time and the two sites classed as impacted in 1997 were also classed as impacted in 2000.
Image-plane off-axis electron holography: low-magnification arrangements (1999)

Measurements of the deflection angle at the electron biprism indicate that the biprism fibre is charged positively by the imaging electron beam. The charging depends on the accelerating voltage and on the biprism bias. Four basic ray diagrams with the biprism above or below the imaging lens and biased positively or negatively are discussed and applied to low-magnification arrangements. The dependences of the interference pattern and the spacing of its fringes on the voltage on the biprism fibre and the geometrical parameters given by the lens-current settings are evaluated.
Chemistry of Technetium. II. Preparation of Technetium Metal<sup>1</sup> (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemistry of Technetium. II. Preparation of Technetium Metal1J. W. Cobble, C. M. Nelson, G. W. Parker, W. T. Smith Jr., and G. E. BoydCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 7, 1852Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01127a507https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01127a507research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views115Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Aberrant methylation of imprinted genes is associated with negative hormone receptor status in invasive breast cancer (2015)

Epigenetic regulation of imprinted genes enables monoallelic expression according to parental origin, and its disruption is implicated in many cancers and developmental disorders. The expression of hormone receptors is significant in breast cancer because they are indicators of cancer cell growth rate and determine response to endocrine therapies. We investigated the frequency of aberrant events and variation in DNA methylation at nine imprinted sites in invasive breast cancer and examined the association with estrogen and progesterone receptor status. Breast tissue and blood from patients with invasive breast cancer (n = 38) and benign breast disease (n = 30) were compared with those from healthy individuals (n = 36), matched with the cancer patients by age at diagnosis, ethnicity, body mass index, menopausal status and familial history of cancer. DNA methylation and allele-specific expression were analyzed by pyrosequencing. Tumor-specific methylation changes at IGF2 DMR2 were observed in 59% of cancer patients, IGF2 DMR0 in 38%, DIRAS3 DMR in 36%, GRB10 ICR in 23%, PEG3 DMR in 21%, MEST ICR in 19%, H19 ICR in 18%, KvDMR in 8% and SNRPN/SNURF ICR in 4%. Variation in methylation was significantly greater in breast tissue from cancer patients compared with that in healthy individuals and benign breast disease. Aberrant methylation of three or more sites was significantly associated with negative estrogen-alpha (Fisher's exact test, p = 0.02) and progesterone-A (p = 0.02) receptor status. Aberrant events and increased variation in imprinted gene DNA methylation, therefore, seem to be frequent in invasive breast cancer and are associated with negative estrogen and progesterone receptor status, without loss of monoallelic expression.
Imaging as an alternative data channel for camera phones (2006)

In this paper, we demonstrate a solution to use cameras to down-load data to cell phones as an alternative to existing wireless (CDMA/GPRS, BlueTooth), infrared or cable connections. In our method the data is encoded as a sequence of images, which can be displayed on any flat display, captured by users with their camera phones, and decoded by pre-embedded software. To solve this problem we need to be able to (1) encode arbitrary data as a sequence of images, (2) process captured images under various lighting variations and perspective distortions while maintaining realtime performance, and (3) decode the processed images robustly even when partial data is lost. In the paper we address these challenges in detail and present our solution. We have implemented a prototype which allows users to successfully download various types of files, including pictures, ring tones and Java programs to the camera phones. We discuss the limitations of our solution, and future works to overcome these limitations.
Wall to Wall (1984)

Like so many of Woolf's odysseys into the heart of America's subcultures, Wall to Wall traces a modern Ulysses in reverse: from a West Coast asylum where he works as an attendant to a Boston asylum where he visits his mother, Claude Squires views roadside America from its weak side--the tough underbelly of the Southwest, Tucson, the Rio Grande, Nogales, The Border--before thrusting himself into Okie's sacred shrine, Oklahoma City, and into the staid Eastern Corridor that ends in Boston. Claude's vehicle is a '59 Thunderhead, a female beast, which his father, a used-car dealer in L.A., has commissioned him to deliver to Oklahoma City. And like all of Woolf's cars, the Thunderhead is a she, a domineering companion in Claude's cross-country picaresque flight of passage. In Wall to Wall Woolf's view is evocative and is very much his own. First published by Grove Press in 1962, Wall to Wall has been an underground classic for over thirty-five years, a comic and satiric masterpiece.
Central Roles for Potassium and Sucrose in Guard-Cell Osmoregulation (1996)

Osmoregulation in guard cells of intact, attached Vicia faba leaves grown under growth chamber and greenhouse conditions was studied over a daily light cycle of stomatal movements. Under both growth conditions guard cells had two distinct osmoregulatory phases. In the first (morning) phase, opening was correlated with K+ uptake and, to a lesser extent, sucrose accumulation. In the second (afternoon) phase, in which apertures were maximal, K+ content declined and sucrose became the dominant osmoticum. Reopening of the stomata after a CO2-induced closure was accompanied by accumulation of either K+ or sucrose, depending on the time of day, indicating that a single environmental signal may use multiple osmoregulatory pathways. Malate accumulation, correlated with K+ uptake, was detected under growth chamber but not greenhouse conditions, whereas Cl- was the main K+ counterion in the greenhouse. These results indicate that guard-cell osmoregulation in the intact leaf depends on at least two different osmoregulatory pathways, K+ transport and sucrose metabolism. Furthermore, the relative importance of the K+ counterions malate and Cl- appears to be environment-dependent.
Android Based Behavioral Biometric Authentication via Multi-Modal Fusion (2014)

Abstract : Because mobile devices are easily lost or stolen, continuous authentication is extremely desirable for them. Behavioral biometrics provides non-intrusive continuous authentication that has much less impact on usability than active authentication. However single-modality behavioral biometrics has proven less accurate than standard active authentication. This thesis presents a behavioral biometric system that uses multi-modal fusion with user data from touch, keyboard, and orientation sensors. Testing of ve users shows that fusion of modalities provides more accurate authentication than each individual modalities by itself. Using the BayesNet classification algorithm, fusion achieves False Acceptance Rate (FAR) and False Rejection Rate (FRR) values of 9.65% and 2% respectively, each of which is 8% lower than the closest individual modality.
Octahedral metal carbonyls. XXXII. Kinetics and mechanism of reactions of methyllithium with Group VIb metal carbonyls and derivatives in diethyl ether (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOctahedral metal carbonyls. XXXII. Kinetics and mechanism of reactions of methyllithium with Group VIb metal carbonyls and derivatives in diethyl etherGerard R. Dodson and John R. PaxsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95, 18, 5925–5930Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00799a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00799a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views67Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Faster numerical weather forecasting using parallel computing with multi-mesh topology (2017)

Today for different Meteorological observations attempts are being made for a faster parallel computing method for the purpose of numerical weather forecasting. Highly faster computation technique is required to study raw observation data into easily understandable and accurate weather forecast today. Faster technique will make it possible for meteorological data investigations successfully as well as to run complex weather forecasting models in lesser time, using highly complex set of weather models. The methodology that is used by meteorological study of weather forecasting consists usually of technique called numerical weather prediction. Numerical modeling of atmosphere is a complex process of solving a number of equations involving the future changes of weather variables, like temperature, pressure, humidity, wind speed etc. A simultaneous calculation of different parameters is a necessary part for accurate weather prediction. The multi-mesh topology is getting popular for its efficient topological properties for example: existence of Hamiltonian cycle, simple routing etc. In an n n multi-mesh network used n 2 meshes of size n n each, which themselves are again arranged in n rows and n columns so that there will be n 4 processors in total. Each n n mesh in this network is termed as a block. Using this topology different numerical equation for weather prediction can be solved very faster. This paper presents an efficient and faster way for solving different numerical equation using multi-mesh topology with multiple processors acting simultaneously.
A simple method for automotive switching-type solenoid valve stuck fault detection (2006)

This paper proposes a method for the diagnosis of faults in switching-type solenoid valves widely used in automotives, specifically the case in which the valve plunger is sticking during operations. This kind of fault is frequently encountered in electro-hydraulic systems of in-use vehicles and is difficult to detect because the solenoid valves are generally inside the system. A Kalman filter-based fault detection algorithm is derived. Experimental results showed that, using only the measured voltage across and current through the coil of the solenoid, the designed algorithm predicted the plunger motion and diagnosed the stuck fault accurately.
Plasmon-Enhanced Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay on Large Arrays of Individual Particles Made by Electron Beam Lithography (2013)

Ultrasensitive biosensing is one of the main driving forces behind the dynamic research field of plasmonics. We have previously demonstrated that the sensitivity of single nanoparticle plasmon spectroscopy can be greatly enhanced by enzymatic amplification of the refractive index footprint of individual protein molecules, so-called plasmon-enhanced enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The technique, which is based on generation of an optically dense precipitate catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase at the metal surface, allowed for colorimetric analysis of ultralow molecular surface coverages with a limit of detection approaching the single molecule limit. However, the plasmonic response induced by a single enzyme can be expected to vary for a number of reasons, including inhomogeneous broadening of the sensing properties of individual particles, variation in electric field enhancement over the surface of a single particle and variation in size and morphology of the enzymatic precipitate. In this report, we discuss how such inhomogeneities affect the possibility to quantify the number of molecules bound to a single nanoparticle. The discussion is based on simulations and measurements of large arrays of well-separated gold nanoparticles fabricated by electron beam lithography (EBL). The new data confirms the intrinsic single-molecule sensitivity of the technique but we were not able to clearly resolve the exact number of adsorbed molecules per single particle. The results indicate that the main sources of uncertainty come from variations in sensitivity across the surface of individual particles and between different particles. There is also a considerable uncertainty in the actual precipitate morphology produced by individual enzyme molecules. Possible routes toward further improvements of the methodology are discussed.
Evaluation of the Sysmex UF-100 automated urinalysis analyzer. (1998)

Urinalysis is a high-volume procedure that currently requires significant labor to examine microscopic sediment. We evaluated the Sysmex UF-100 automated urinalysis analyzer for performing this task. Instrument accuracy was assessed by comparing continuous counts of microscopic elements from the UF-100 with ranges of cells (per low-power field or high-power field) from manual microscopy performed on centrifuged urines. Counts showed good agreement between methods (gamma statistic: 0.880-0.970) for all microscopic elements in 252 urine samples. Within-run imprecision of cell counts expressed as CV (mean cell count/microL) was for erythrocytes (RBC) 31% (5), 18% (50), 2.4% (800); for leukocytes (WBC) 14% (10), 11% (100), 8.5% (400); for squamous epithelial cells (SEC) 18% (5), 12% (30), 7.0% (100); for casts 45% (1), 17% (4); for bacteria 2-12% (entire range of 40-2500). Between-run imprecision on quality-control cell suspensions expressed as CV (mean cell count/microL) was for RBC 6.1% (50), 2.7% (256); for WBC 26.9% (54), 4.9% (228). Cells counted on dilution were 99.1% of expected for RBC, 102.0% for WBC, and 121.8% for bacteria. Carryover was <0.04% for RBC, <0.03% for WBC, <0.14% for SEC, <0.29% for bacteria. We conclude that the UF-100 can automatically perform reliable quantitative microscopic urinalysis in batches without operator interaction.
Place-conditioning properties of mu, kappa, and sigma opioid agonists. (1986)

The place-conditioning capacities of morphine, ketocyclazocine, ethylketocyclazocine, bremazocine, U 50488, d,1-N-allylnormetazocine (NAN), d-NAN, 1-NAN, and the effects of the opioid antagonists naloxone, WIN 44,441-3, and MR 2266BS were assessed in adult male rats using a three-chambered place-conditioning apparatus. Morphine, ketocyclazocine, ethylketocyclazocine, d,1-NAN, and 1-NAN at doses ranging from 0.25 to 4 mg/kg induced place-preferences for the compartment that was paired with drug administration during the conditioning process. One, 2, or 4 mg/kg of d-NAN had little effect. Naloxone, at doses of 1, 2, 4, and 10 mg/kg, conditioned strong place-aversions in rats; that is, on test day, rats spent significantly more time in the compartment that was not paired with drug-treatment. Bremazocine (0.05 to 4 mg/kg) and U 50488 (0.4 to 4 mg/kg) also conditioned significant, dose-related place-aversions. The results of the putative kappa opioid antagonists were mixed; MR 2266BS caused a dose-related place-aversion while the WIN 44,441-3 produced place-preference. Two mg/kg, but not 0.02 or 0.2 mg/kg, of naloxone administered prior to conditioning with 4 mg/kg of morphine, ethylketocyclazocine, and d,1-NAN, or 2 mg/kg of ketocyclazocine, resulted in place-aversions similar in magnitude to those found after naloxone-conditioning alone. Thus, the mu agonist morphine, the kappa agonists ketocyclazocine and ethylketocyclazocine, the sigma-agonist d,1-NAN, and the levo isomer of NAN all induce place-preferences in the rat according to the place-conditioning paradigm. In contrast, the kappa agonists bremazocine and U 50488, and the kappa antagonist MR 2266BS, induced place-avoiding responses. Since the development of place-preference after morphine, ketocyclazocine, ethylketocyclazocine, and d,1-NAN was antagonized by a kappa-receptor-antagonist dose of naloxone (2 mg/kg) and not by mu-receptor-antagonist doses, these data provide evidence that these particular mu, kappa, and sigma opioids may share a common underlying pharmacologic action.
Synergy between HIV-1 Tat and adenovirus E1A is principally due to stabilization of transcriptional elongation. (1990)

We studied the combined effects of Tat and general trans-activators, such as E1A and phorbol esters, on human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) gene expression. Interaction between these two types of trans-activators may be involved in the transition from transcriptional quiesence during viral latency to active gene expression during productive infection. E1A cooperated with Tat to produce a fourfold greater increase in accumulation of full-length, cytoplasmic HIV-1-directed RNA than is expected if they were acting additively to increase RNA accumulation. Similarly, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) also cooperated with Tat to elevate HIV RNA levels synergistically. Analysis of transcription rates across the HIV-1-directed transcription unit indicated, unexpectedly, that synergy between Tat and E1A could not be accounted for by increased promoter proximal transcription rates that were merely additive. However, Tat and E1A produced a greater than additive increase in transcription rates in the 3' end of the gene. These findings imply that synergy between Tat and E1A (or other general transcriptional activators) is due principally to stabilization of transcriptional elongation. Furthermore, the observation that Tat elicits only a small increase in promoter proximal transcription in the presence of E1A suggests that the magnitude of the effect of Tat on initiation is decreased when the basal level of transcription is increased. These findings underscore the importance of the ability of Tat to stabilize elongation, as well as to stimulate initiation, in an HIV-1-directed transcription unit.
Neurodevelopmental impact on children treated for medulloblastoma: A review and proposed conceptual model (2008)

The population of survivors following diagnosis and treatment for medulloblastoma is thankfully on the rise. An increased focus on the quality of that survivorship has expanded the concept of cure to include efforts aimed at improving long-term cognitive outcome. It is well established in the literature that decline in overall intellect and academic performance is experienced by a majority of those undergoing treatment for pediatric medulloblastoma. This decline is believed to be secondary to decline in core cognitive abilities, which in turn are related to underlying damage to neuroanatomical substrates. A review of research on neurodevelopmental impacts following diagnosis and treatment for pediatric medulloblastoma is presented. Particular consideration is given to studies recently published that also reflect critical collaboration among those within the fields of neuropsychology and neuro-imaging. Results from the review are combined within a conceptual model upon which to guide future research and clinical efforts.