gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nucleophosmin (<i>NPM1</i>) mutations in adult and childhood acute myeloid leukaemia: towards definition of a new leukaemia entity (2009)

Nucleophosmin (NPM) is a ubiquitously expressed chaperone protein that shuttles rapidly between the nucleus and cytoplasm, but predominantly resides in the nucleolus. It plays key roles in ribosome biogenesis, centrosome duplication, genomic stability, cell cycle progression and apoptosis. Somatic mutations in exon 12 of the NPM gene (NPM1) are the most frequent genetic abnormality in adult acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), found in approximately 35% of all cases and up to 60% of patients with normal karyotype (NK) AML. In children, NPM1 mutations are far less frequent, occurring in 8-10% of all AML cases, and in approximately 25% of those with a NK. NPM1 mutations lead to aberrant localization of the NPM protein into the cytoplasm, thus the designation, NPMc+ AML. NPMc+ AML is seen predominantly in patients with a NK and is essentially mutually exclusive of recurrent chromosomal translocations. Patients with NPM1 mutations are twice as likely as those who lack an NPM1 mutation to also have a FMS-like tyrosine kinase (FLT3) internal tandem duplication (ITD) mutation. NPMc+ AML is also characterized by a unique gene expression signature and microRNA signature. NPMc+ AML has important prognostic significance, as NPMc+ AML, in the absence of a coexisting FLT3-ITD mutation, is associated with a favourable outcome. NPM1 mutations have also shown great stability during disease evolution, and therefore represent a possible marker for minimal residual disease detection. Given its distinctive biologic and clinical features and its clear clinical relevance, NPMc+ AML is included as a provisional entity in the 2008 WHO classifications. There is still much to be learned about this genetic alteration, including its exact role in leukaemogenesis, how it interacts with other mutations and why it confers a more favourable prognosis. Further, it represents a potential therapeutic target warranting research aimed at identifying novel small molecules with activity in NPMc+ AML.
Fraud detection in health insurance using data mining techniques (2015)

Fraud is widespread and very costly to the healthcare insurance system. Fraud involves intentional deception or misrepresentation intended to result in an unauthorized benefit. It is shocking because the incidence of health insurance fraud keeps increasing every year. In order to detect and avoid the fraud, data mining techniques are applied. This includes some preliminary knowledge of health care system and its fraudulent behaviors, analysis of the characteristics of health care insurance data. Data mining which is divided into two learning techniques viz., supervised and unsupervised is employed to detect fraudulent claims. But, since each of the above techniques has its own set of advantages and disadvantages, by combining the advantages of both the techniques, a novel hybrid approach for detecting fraudulent claims in health insurance industry is proposed.
The Complete PC Upgrade and Maintenance Guide (1991)

From the Publisher:
The Complete PC Upgrade and Maintenance Guide is a problem-solving wonder. In simple, easy-to-follow language, it shows you how to prevent disasters, fix the ones that occur, and maximize your PC's power and longevity. Based on author Mark Minasi's popular seminars, this book is an unbelievable valuefor only $59.99 U.S., it teaches you everything you need to know to meet your PC challenges. 
Coverage includes: 
Preventing hardware disasters Installing new components Upgrading memory Replacing power supplies Installing EIDE hard drives Adding SCSI ports and devices Partitioning and formatting EIDE and SCSI drives Protecting your PC from viruses Solving data backup challenges Adding and repairing removable media devices CD-ROMs, floppies, and others Troubleshooting printers Installing communications devices Upgrading mice and keyboards Installing video and sound cards Tackling networking issues Choosing a new PC Troubleshooting Internet connectivity problems Building your own PC Solving special laptop problems 
Featured on the CDs
On the first CD, you'll find over one hour of instructional video in which PC expert Mark Minasi teaches you his field-proven upgrade and repair techniques. Based on his popular $800 seminars, these videos are a great resource and an unbeatable value. On the second CD, you get over 20 system tune-up and diagnostic toolsutilities that help you monitor and fine-tune your PC's performance, restrict access to important data, and recover quickly when disaster strikes.
Evaluating control designs for co-ordinating pump rates and choke valve during managed pressure drilling operations (2009)

When drilling into a petroleum reservoir it is critical to maintain a required downhole pressure to avoid well bore fracture or influx of petroleum fluids. Drilling into mature and often depleted petroleum fields may be difficult due to tight pressure margins. This paper evaluates various automatic control designs for co-ordinating pump rates and choke valve during managed pressure drilling operations. The main focus is on evaluating a nonlinear model predictive controller based on a low-order model for automatic co-ordination of main mud pump, backpressure pump and topside choke opening to control the bottom hole pressure in the well. The nonlinear model predictive control designs are compared with a single input single output PI controller. In addition, the control designs are also combined with a downhole pressure observer. The various control designs are evaluated by computer simulation with a high-fidelity dynamic multi-phase flow model based on a North Sea off-shore drilling operation. The results show that introducing a nonlinear model predictive control design for co-ordinating the pump rates and choke valve both improves the downhole pressure control and also significantly simplifies the procedure for the drilling crew.
The role of sunlight exposure in determining the vitamin D status of the U.K. white adult population (2010)

Late summer 25(OH)D levels approximating the optimal range are required to retain sufficiency throughout the U.K. winter. Currently the majority of the population fails to reach this post-summer level and becomes vitamin D insufficient during the winter.
Glucocorticoid regulation of 1,25(OH)2-vitamin D3 receptors in cultured mouse bone cells. (1982)

The ability of glucocorticoids to modulate 1,25(0H)2-Vitamin DS receptors was investigated in primary cultures of mouse osteoblast-like bone cells.We have previously shown that the concentration of receptors fluctuated during the culture cycle.High levels were found during log phase growth and low levels at confluence.Because of these dynamic changes in receptor concentration, the effects of glucocorticoids were examined throughout the culture cycle.During early log phase, dexamethasone (130 n ~) reduced both the concentration of receptors and the rate of [14C]thymidine incorporation to 60-70% of control levels.In late log phase, dexamethasone-treated cells transiently exhibited a higher receptor number than control cells.This relative increase in receptors appeared to result from a dexamethasone-mediated delay in reaching confluence and, therefore, a slower decline in receptors than exhibited by control cells.After confluence was attained, dexamethasone decreased the receptor content to the same extent as at the early log phase, but at this stage there was only a slight effect on [14C]thymidine incorporation and no change in DNA content.The dexamethasone inhibitory effects at both growth phases were shown to be dose-dependent, glucocorticoid-specific, and by Scatchard analysis to involve a selective change in receptor number without a change in receptor affinity.The relationship of the receptor level to the rate of cell proliferation was tested using epidermal growth factor, a hormone which promotes growth of these cells.In early log phase, epidermal growth factor blocked the inhibition of cell growth caused by dexamethasone and reversed the dexamethasone-mediated decline in receptor levels.The inhibitory effect of dexamethasone at confluence was found to be independent of its effects on cell proliferation.Chronic glucocorticoid therapy is associated with the development of osteopenia (1).Available data suggest that this process is multifactorial.We (2) and others (3,4) have shown that glucocorticoids directly inhibit bone cell replication and function.We have also demonstrated that glucocorticoids potentiate the action of parathyroid hormone on bone cells (5), a finding recently confirmed and extended by others (6-8).
A methylation PCR approach for detection of fragile X syndrome (1999)

Fragile X syndrome is associated with the expansion of the number of CGG trinucleotide tandem repeats at the 5' untranslated region of the FMR1 gene. The number of CGG trinucleotide repeats in normal individuals ranges between 5 and 50, in asymptomatic carrier individuals it ranges between 50 and 200, and in affected individuals it is more than 200 CGG repeats. In addition, in affected individuals the cytosine residues in the CGG repeats and the adjacent CpG island are methylated and the FMR1 gene is transcriptionally inactive. The most common diagnostic method for the detection of the syndrome is Southern blot analysis. Methods based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) could facilitate the rapid screening of large numbers of individuals by accurately determining the number of CGG repeats. Current PCR techniques for amplification of CGG repeats are, however, inefficient and unreliable because of their 100% C+G composition. Thus, most of the described PCR protocols require subsequent Southern blot analysis and autoradiography. We present a novel PCR approach for the diagnosis of fragile X syndrome based on the methylation-sensitive conversion of C residues to U by bisulfite on single-strand DNA and subsequent amplification of the antisense strand with specific primers. A PCR with primers for methylated C residues will amplify the CpG dinucleotide region upstream to CGG repeats exclusively in affected males. As a result of extensive mismatch between primers and bisulfite-treated DNA, no PCR fragments will be obtained in normal and transmitting males. Moreover, the bisulfite treatment dramatically reduces the C+G component of the region; thus, the high Tm and the strong secondary structures are no longer obstacles for PCR amplification. In normal and carrier individuals, UUG repeats (previously 3'-CCG-5') in the antisense strand can easily be amplified and visualized on a gel by ethidium bromide staining. We applied our method on 25 males previously diagnosed by Southern blot analysis. All the samples were easily and accurately diagnosed. The method has considerable advantages compared with other diagnostic tests for fragile X syndrome.
<i>In vitro</i>and Animal Models for Antiviral Therapy in Papillomavirus Infections (1997)

The need for antiviral therapies for papillomavirus infections is well recognized but the difficulties of reproducing the infectious cycle of papillomaviruses in vitro has hindered our understanding of virus-cell interactions and the regulation of viral gene expression during permissive growth. Recent advances in understanding the temporal expression and function of papillomavirus proteins has enabled consideration of a targeted approach to papillomavirus chemotherapy and in particular the inhibition of viral replication by targeting the E1 and E2 proteins. There are in vitro culture systems available for the screening of new chemotherapeutic agents, since significant advances have been made with culture systems which promote epithelial differentiation in vitro. However, to date, there are no published data which show that virions generated in vitro can infect keratinocytes and initiate another round of replication in vitro. In vivo animal models are therefore necessary to assess the efficacy of antivirals in preventing and treating viral infection, particularly for the low-risk genital viruses which are on the whole refractory to culture in vitro. Although papillomaviruses affect a wide variety of hosts in a species-specific manner, the animals most useful for modelling papillomavirus infections include the rabbit, ox, mouse, dog, horse, primate and sheep. The ideal animal model should be widely available, easy to house and handle, be large enough to allow for adequate tissue sampling, develop lesions on anatomical sites comparable with those in human diseases and these lesions should be readily accessible for monitoring and ideally should yield large amounts of infectious virus particles for use in both in vivo and in vitro studies. The relative merits of the various papillomavirus animal models available in relation to these criteria are discussed.
Going Public (1993)

Research Article| May 01 1993 Going Public Benjamin Lee Benjamin Lee Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Public Culture (1993) 5 (2): 165–178. https://doi.org/10.1215/08992363-5-2-165 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Permissions Search Site Citation Benjamin Lee; Going Public. Public Culture 1 May 1993; 5 (2): 165–178. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/08992363-5-2-165 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll JournalsPublic Culture Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright © 1993 by The University of Chicago1993 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal Issue Section: Controversy You do not currently have access to this content.
Wireless applications for hospital epidemiology (2009)

Nosocomial (i.e., hospital-acquired) infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States and throughout the world. Therefore, understanding, mediating, and limiting contagious infections are important problems, even in clinical settings. Contact networks of healthcare workers and patients provides a vehicle for modeling the spread of infection, enabling analytical and simulation-based studies. The contact network models are based on geographic maps of hospitals and records of social contact between health care workers and patients. Wireless technology can help in both, geolocating healthcare workers and patients in a hospital and in capturing a record of physical proximity among these agents. As a step towards this goal we have implemented a low-cost wireless system to instrument hand-hygiene events; this system can track the use of hand hygiene dispensers before healthcare workers enter or exit patient rooms.
An adaptive interleaving scheme for MIMO-OFDM systems (2004)

In this paper, an adaptive interleaving scheme for multiple-input and multiple-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) systems is proposed. The scheme could better exploit the instantaneous channel variation by rearranging the transmitted symbols according to the quasiinstantaneous channel SNR of the OFDM frame. The purpose is to break up a long burst channel error so that overall bit error probability is reduced. Extensive simulations show that significant SNR can be obtained with the proposed scheme and the MIMO-OFDM case has a performance improvement over the single antenna case. Compared with block interleaving, for 2Tx-2Rx case at a BER of 10/sup -/2, adaptive interleaving offers a 5dB improvement.
Applications of Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) of Palm Oil and Oil from Natural Sources (2012)

Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), which has received much interest in its use and further development for industrial applications, is a method that offers some advantages over conventional methods, especially for the palm oil industry. SC-CO₂ refers to supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) that uses carbon dioxide (CO₂) as a solvent which is a nontoxic, inexpensive, nonflammable, and nonpolluting supercritical fluid solvent for the extraction of natural products. Almost 100% oil can be extracted and it is regarded as safe, with organic solvent-free extracts having superior organoleptic profiles. The palm oil industry is one of the major industries in Malaysia that provides a major contribution to the national income. Malaysia is the second largest palm oil and palm kernel oil producer in the World. This paper reviews advances in applications of supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO₂) extraction of oils from natural sources, in particular palm oil, minor constituents in palm oil, producing fractionated, refined, bleached, and deodorized palm oil, palm kernel oil and purified fatty acid fractions commendable for downstream uses as in toiletries and confectionaries.
Influence of Dynamic Unbalance on Centrifuge Accuracy (2008)

The radial displacement and angular displacement of centrifuge spindle due to the additional force and moments generated by unbalance mass can affect the centrifuge accuracy.The article presents the calculation formulas for spindle displacements and puts forward the calculation methods for the influence of dynamic unbalance on the centrifuge working radius and for the misalignment angle.The influence of dynamic unbalance on the disk-centrifuge accuracy is shown by a calculation example,and a critical value of static unbalance amount used for adjusting dynamic balance is given.In order to ensure centrifuge accuracy,precise dynamic balance must be adjusted before the test by accelerometers and the static unbalance amount must be controlled under tenth of the critical value.
Recent progress in the diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer (2011)

Epithelial ovarian cancer is the most lethal of the gynecologic malignancies, largely due to the advanced stage at diagnosis in most patients. Screening strategies using ultrasound and the cancer antigen (CA) 125 tumor marker are currently under study and may lower stage at diagnosis but have not yet been shown to improve survival. Women who have inherited a deleterious mutation in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene and those with the Lynch syndrome (hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer) have the highest risk of developing ovarian cancer but account for only approximately 10% of those with the disease. Other less common and less well-defined genetic syndromes may increase the risk of ovarian cancer, but their contribution to genetic risk is small. A clear etiology for sporadic ovarian cancer has not been identified, but risk is affected by reproductive and hormonal factors. Surgery has a unique role in ovarian cancer, as it is used not only for diagnosis and staging but also therapeutically, even in patients with widely disseminated, advanced disease. Ovarian cancer is highly sensitive to chemotherapy drugs, particularly the platinum agents, and most patients will attain a remission with initial treatment. Recent advances in the delivery of chemotherapy using the intraperitoneal route have further improved survival after initial therapy. Although the majority of ovarian cancer patients will respond to initial chemotherapy, most will ultimately develop disease recurrence. Chemotherapy for recurrent disease includes platinum-based, multiagent regimens for women whose disease recurs more than 6 to 12 months after the completion of initial therapy and sequential single agents for those whose disease recurs earlier. New targeted biologic agents, particularly those involved with the vascular endothelial growth factor pathway and those targeting the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) enzyme, hold great promise for improving the outcome of ovarian cancer.
A step-by-step active-filter design (1969)

This article presents, in a simplified manner, a design method for active filters intended for those who are not filter specialists. By following the described five-step approach, a circuit designer who has some knowledge of passive filters will (without having to learn a whole new technology) be able to design active filters just as easily as he now handles conventional passive filters. Starting with the filter specification, it is shown sequentially how to realize a network that meets the prescribed requirements. Configurations and element values are given for the low-pass (LP), bandpass (BP), high-pass (HP), all-pass (AP), and band-elimination (BE), second-order active filter building blocks.
Introducción a la Sección Especial (2010)

El conocimiento acerca del desarrollo y fortalecimiento de la ciudadania es un area de creciente interes en todo el mundo, por las implicancias que este tiene para el bienestar de las sociedades y la sustentabilidad de los sistemas democraticos. Como nocion y como practica, la ciudadania es historica y cultural; es decir, esta anclada en las caracteristicas culturales de cada sociedad y evoluciona de acuerdo a los cambios que se producen en las sociedades a lo largo de la historia.
Efficient implementation of piecewise linear activation function for digital VLSI neural networks (1989)

A piecewise linear approximation to the sigmoidal neuron activation function is proposed, which maps compactly into a digital integrated circuit realisation.
Collaborative visualization (1997)

Current visualization systems are designed around a single user model, making it awkward for large research teams to collectively analyse large data sets. The paper shows how the popular data flow approach to visualization can be extended to allow multiple users to collaborate-each running their own visualization pipeline but with the opportunity to connect in data generated by a colleague, Thus collaborative visualizations are 'programmed' in exactly the same 'plug-and-play' style as is now customary for single-user mode. The paper describes a system architecture that can act as a basis for the collaborative extension of any data flow visualization system, and the ideas are demonstrated through a particular implementation in terms of IRIS Explorer.
Atomic structure of intracellular amorphous calcium phosphate deposits. (1975)

The radial distribution function calculated from x-ray diffraction of mineralized cytoplasmic structures isolated from the hepatopancreas of the blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) is very similar to that previously found for synthetic amorphous calcium phosphate. Both types of mineral apparently have only short-range atomic order, represented as a neutral ion cluster of about 10 A in longest dimension, whose probable composition is expressed by the formula Ca9(PO4)6. The minor differences observed are attributed to the presence in the biological mineral of significant amounts of Mg-2+ and ATP. Synthetic amorphous calcium phosphate in contact with a solution containing an amount of ATP equivalent to that of the biological mineral failed to undergo conversion to the thermodynamically more stable hydroxyapatite. The amorphous calcium phosphate of the cytoplasmic mineral granules is similarly stable, and does not undergo conversion to hydroxyapatite, presumably owing to the presence of ATP and Mg-2+, known in inhibitors of the conversion process. The physiological implications of mineral deposits consisting of stabilized calcium phosphate ion clusters are discussed.