gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Cure of scleromalacia perforans manifesting in the course of rheumatoid arthritis with d-penicillamine and fascia lata-autograft (author's transl)]. (1975)

A new treatment of a case of scleromalacia perforans, complicating rheumatoid arthritis is reported. To save the eye fascia lata was transplanted, preoperatively prednisolone and d-penicillamine was started, and this therapy was continued for one year thereafter. The effect was favorable, as pains vanished, and the grafted fascia remained whole. Cure of scleritis of the other eye hitherto unresponsive to local treatment was attained. Advantages of the combination of both immunosuppressive and surgical therapy is emphasized.
Repurposing metformin for cancer treatment: current clinical studies (2016)

In recent years, several studies have presented evidence suggesting a potential role for metformin in anti-cancer therapy. Preclinical studies have demonstrated several anticancer molecular mechanisms of metformin including mTOR inhibition, cytotoxic effects, and immunomodulation. Epidemiologic data have demonstrated decreased cancer incidence and mortality in patients taking metformin. Several clinical trials, focused on evaluation of metformin as an anti-cancer agent are presently underway. Data published from a small number of completed trials has put forth intriguing results. Clinical trials in pre-surgical endometrial cancer patients exhibited a significant decrease in Ki67 with metformin monotherapy. Another interesting observation was made in patients with breast cancer, wherein a trend towards improvement in cancer proliferation markers was noted in patients without insulin resistance. Data on survival outcomes with the use of metformin as an anti-cancer agent is awaited. This manuscript will critically review the role of metformin as a potential cancer treatment.
Synthesis of .gamma.- and .delta.-chloroalkanesulfonamides. VI. The photorearrangement of N-chlorosulfonamides (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of .gamma.- and .delta.-chloroalkanesulfonamides. VI. The photorearrangement of N-chlorosulfonamidesMitsuo Okahara, Takehisa Ohashi, and Saburo KomoriCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1968, 33, 8, 3066–3070Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1968https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01272a010RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views100Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (717 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Synthesis of 2,2′‐Bipyridines: Versatile Building Blocks for Sexy Architectures and Functional Nanomaterials (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Tuning of large piezoelectric response in nanosheet-buffered lead zirconate titanate films on glass substrates (2017)

Renewed interest has been witnessed in utilizing the piezoelectric response of PbZr<sub>0.52</sub>Ti<sub>0.48</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (PZT) films on glass substrates for applications such as adaptive optics. Accordingly, new methodologies are being explored to grow well-oriented PZT thin films to harvest a large piezoelectric response. However, thin film piezoelectric response is significantly reduced compared to intrinsic response due to substrate induced clamping, even when films are well-oriented. Here, a novel method is presented to grow preferentially (100)-oriented PZT films on glass substrates by utilizing crystalline nanosheets as seed layers. Furthermore, increasing the repetition frequency up to 20 Hz during pulsed laser deposition helps to tune the film microstructure to hierarchically ordered columns that leads to reduced clamping and enhanced piezoelectric response evidenced by transmission electron microscopy and analytical calculations. A large piezoelectric coefficient of 250 pm/V is observed in optimally tuned structure which is more than two times the highest reported piezoelectric response on glass. To confirm that the clamping compromises the piezoelectric response, denser films are deposited using a lower repetition frequency and a BiFeO<sub>3</sub> buffer layer resulting in significantly reduced piezoelectric responses. This paper demonstrates a novel method for PZT integration on glass substrates without compromising the large piezoelectric response.
Computer-assisted mechanistic evaluation of organic reactions. 7. Six electron cycloadditions (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComputer-assisted mechanistic evaluation of organic reactions. 7. Six electron cycloadditionsJulia A. Schmidt and William L. JorgensenCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 22, 3923–3941Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00170a010https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00170a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views211Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
On phase-locking of oscillators with delay coupling (2011)

Summary. We consider two oscillators with delayed direct and velocity coupling. The oscillators have frequencies close or equal to 1:1 resonance. Due to the coupling the oscillations of the subsystems are in or out of phase. For these synchronized and anti-phase solutions, we use averaging for analytical stability results for small parameters. We also determine bifurcation curves of the delay system numerically. We identify regions in the parameter space (two coupling constants and the delay) where both solutions are stable or only one. For small parameters the averaging and numerical results are in good agreement. For larger values of the delay, we find multiple synchronized and anti-phase solutions. For small detuning we show that a minimal coupling value is needed to have almost synchronous or anti-phase behaviour.
<title>Ultrasonic NDE (nondestructive evaluation) for composite materials using embedded fiber optic interferometric sensors</title> (1991)

An interferometric fiber optic sensor using ordinary single-mode fibers is developed to detect elastic strain waves for nondestructive evaluation of composite materials. This fiber sensor has been embedded in both graphite/epoxy and Kevlar/epoxy composite specimens. Applications of the sensor for detection of acoustic emission and laser generated ultrasound are presented. Limitations of the sensor are also discussed. 1.
The Role of Surface Tension in Stable Single-Bubble Sonoluminescence (1997)

A theory for stable bubble oscillations in high pressure sound fields is presented. It is based on the strong influence of the surface tension on the dynamics of small bubbles and takes into account rectified diffusion and the resonancelike response of small bubbles to very strong acoustic pressure amplitudes. This theory provides an explanation for the existence of small, stably oscillating bubbles that have been observed in experiments on sonoluminescence.
Chemical Pre-Treatment of Coal and Carbon Black: Implications for Electrolytic Hydrogen Generation and Electrochemical/Thermal Reactivity (2012)

Acid digestion and oxidation with H2O2 were investigated as chemical pre-treatments that could improve the generation of H2 from coal as well as carbon black slurries by electrolysis. Among the different 1 M acids that were used in this study, namely HClO4, H2SO4 and HNO3, digestion of Texas lignite coal (TXLC) with HClO4 was found to yield the best results. It increased the polarization time (and hence the amount of H2 generated at the cathode) during the galvanostatic polarization experiments by 50% compared to the untreated TXLC sample. On the other hand, acid digestion of carbon black (SRC-401) adversely affected the polarization time in all cases with a maximum reduction in polarization time (50%) in the case of HNO3. H2O2 treatment of medium (DECS10) and high rank (DECS21) coals did not improve the galvanostatic polarization behavior of their respective slurries, while low rank coals such as TXLC showed a moderate increase in the polarization time. This modification of the galvanostatic polarization behavior as a result of both types of chemical pre-treatments was correlated with changes in the surface area and/or surface functional groups as well as solubilization of the inherent mineral content in the coal samples. Finally simultaneous thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetric analyzes afforded insights into the consequences of the chemical pre-treatments on the thermal reactivity of the coal and carbon black samples.
Probing Fracture of Silicon Nitride by <i>In Situ</i> Microscopic Raman Spectroscopy (1998)

In situ Raman microprobe spectroscopy has for the first time provided direct experimental evidence that Si3N4 is toughened by virtue of local microscopic bridging stresses operated by unbroken grains, which resist crack opening upon external load. The bridging stresses may arise from elastic tractions of unbroken Si3N4 grains which bridge the crack in the very neighborhood behind its tip, or be of frictional nature at the grain interfaces in regions more far behind the tip. Particularly remarkable is the magnitude of the elastic bridging tractions which achieve the GPa order prior to microscopic fracture of the bridging site. Frictional tractions in correspondence of elongated Si3N4 grains may also locally achieve the order of several hundreds MPa, but they are shown to contribute toughening in a less effective way as compared to elastic bridges. Conventional fracture mechanics characterization and theoretical considerations are also provided which prove the rising R-curve effect in Si3N4 ceramics being explainable simply in terms of the microscopic crack bridging mechanism.
Fast Variational Analysis of On-Chip Power Grids by Stochastic Extended Krylov Subspace Method (2008)

This paper proposes a novel stochastic method for analyzing the voltage drop variations of on-chip power grid networks, considering lognormal leakage current variations. The new method, called <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">StoEKS</i> , applies Hermite polynomial chaos to represent the random variables in both power grid networks and input leakage currents. However, different from the existing orthogonal polynomial-based stochastic simulation method, extended Krylov subspace (EKS) method is employed to compute variational responses from the augmented matrices consisting of the coefficients of Hermite polynomials. Our contribution lies in the acceleration of the spectral stochastic method using the EKS method to fast solve the variational circuit equations for the first time. By using the reduction technique, the new method partially mitigates increased circuit-size problem associated with the augmented matrices from the Galerkin-based spectral stochastic method. Experimental results show that the proposed method is about two-order magnitude faster than the existing Hermite PC-based simulation method and many order of magnitudes faster than Monte Carlo methods with marginal errors. StoEKS is scalable for analyzing much larger circuits than the existing Hermit PC-based methods.
SmartCart: A consolidated shopping cart for pareto-optimal sourcing and fair discount distribution (2013)

This paper explores two interrelated questions: First, when buyers form a coalition to obtain volume discounts on the purchase of multiple items from multiple sellers, how many of each item should be purchased from each seller to maximize the overall discount? Secondly, when this discount is obtained successfully, how should it be allocated to the buyers who pooled their resources to make one successful group purchase? An auction is the context under which these questions are tested, using a scenario in which multiple buyers form a coalition to consolidate their individual shopping carts into one aggregated shopping cart. A relational database is used to simulate an interactive auction and tracks buyers, sellers, items, prices before discount, prices after discount, purchase decisions, and other key data. When a critical mass of items to be ordered is reached, the shopping carts are locked and the coalition's overall demand for each item is copied to an aggregated shopping cart. To clear the auction, a decision guidance query language (DGQL) is executed to determine, using a MILP optimization, the quantity of each item to be ordered from each supplier to maximize discounts. A formula that allocates discounts to members of the buying coalition is then proposed. DGQL provides a great degree of flexibility and extensibility in the specification of constraints using a high-level language that can be embedded directly in SQL. This analysis provides a foundation from which a working tool could be built to allow buyers to form ad hoc purchasing coalitions to achieve discounts that otherwise would be unavailable to the individual buyers acting in isolation.
Ethyl Carbamate Precursors in Grape Juice and the Efficiency of Acid Urease on Their Removal (1990)

Non-fermented juices from 15 different grape varieties grown in New York were found to generate 19 to 54 µg/L of ethyl carbamate upon heating at 70°C for 48 hours in the presence of 12% added ethanol. These findings show that ethyl carbamate precursors are present already in the fresh grape juice. Incubation of grape juice with acid urease for four weeks at 37°C did not reduce the amount of ethyl carbamate formed in the presence of alcohol. Urea analyses of the various grape juice showed no detectable amount of urea. Apparently, urea is not a precursor in natural grape juice. No correlation was found between the amount of potential ethyl carbamate and the concentrations of citrulline and arginine.
Complementary Black Phosphorus Nanoribbons Field-Effect Transistors and Circuits (2018)

This paper demonstrates a high-performance black phosphorus nanoribbons field-effect transistor (BPNR-FET) and systematically investigates methods for enhancing its anisotropic carrier transport. The BPNR-FET shows a strong dependence on crystal orientation in which the best mobility performance is achieved in armchair-oriented nanoribbons. A downscaling of nanoribbon width is shown to improve the short-channel effect owing to a better electrostatic gate control. Furthermore, hydrogenation is employed to effectively passivate the dangling bonds and heal the nanoribbon edge defects, leading to nearly hysteresis-free transfer properties. By virtue of bandgap and contact-metal workfunction engineering, n-type BPNR-FET is successfully demonstrated, which enables complementary inverter circuits to be simultaneously realized. This paper unravels the superior performance underscores a conceptually new BPNR-FET, paving the way toward the development of non-planar devices and integrated circuits based on 2-D materials platform.
Neoplastic Disorders in 100 Patients with Adult Celiac Disease (1996)

Previous reports have suggested that the incidence of some neoplastic disorders, particularly malignant lymphoma, is increased in patients with celiac disease. In this study, the type and number of neoplastic disorders detected in 100 consecutive celiac disease patients were explored. Sixty-five patients were initially diagnosed with celiac disease before, and 35 after, age 60 years. Ten elderly celiac patients had lymphoma or small intestinal adenocarcinoma. Although the overall incidence of malignant lymphoma was 8%, similar to that in other centres, the incidence in elderly celiac patients was 23% in this study. Celiac disease was detected before or after the diagnosis of lymphoma or small intestinal adenocarcinoma. In some patients, epithelial lymphocytosis was evident in the gastric, colonic or biliary tract epithelium. In addition, other immune-mediated disorders, dermatitis herpetiformis and autoimmune thyroiditis, were common. Finally, other malignant disorders of the esophagus, stomach and colon were not detected.
Metallothionein 1+2 protect the CNS during neuroglial degeneration induced by 6‐aminonicotinamide (2002)

6-Aminonicotinamide (6-AN) is a niacin antagonist, which leads to degeneration of gray matter astrocytes. Metallothionein 1+2 (MT-1+2) are neuroprotective factors in the central nervous system (CNS), and to determine the roles for MT after 6-AN, we have examined transgenic mice overexpressing MT-1 (TgMTI* mice) after an i.p. injection with 6-AN. In control mice injected with 6-AN, astrocytes in specific gray matter areas of the brainstem showed degeneration. Reactive astrocytes surrounded the degenerated areas, which were heavily infiltrated by macrophages and T lymphocytes. MT-1+2 expression was significantly decreased in the damaged brainstem areas, but it increased in reactive astrocytes surrounding these areas and also in infiltrating macrophages. The levels of oxidative stress, as determined by immunoreactivity for inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitrotyrosine (NITT), and the number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase [TdT]-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate [dUTP]-digoxigenin nick end labeling-positive (TUNEL+), caspase-3+ apoptotic cells were significantly increased in the brainstem of normal mice after 6-AN. In the TgMTI* mice, the 6-AN-induced tissue damage was decreased in comparison to control mice, and they showed significantly reduced numbers of recruited macrophages and T lymphocytes, and a drastic reduction of oxidative stress and apoptotic cell death. In addition, the accompanying reactive astrogliosis was increased in the transgenic mice. To further study the potential protective role of MT, we administered intraperitoneally Zn-MT-2 to 6-AN-injected normal mice and found essentially the same results as those obtained in TgMTI* mice. Thus, we hereby report that endogenous MT-1 overexpression and exogenous MT-2 treatment have significant neuroprotective roles during CNS pathological conditions.
Correction: Selective photoregulation of the activity of glycogen synthase and glycogen phosphorylase, two key enzymes in glycogen metabolism (2015)

Correction for ‘Selective photoregulation of the activity of glycogen synthase and glycogen phosphorylase, two key enzymes in glycogen metabolism’ by Mireia Díaz-Lobo, <italic>et al.</italic>, <italic>Org. Biomol. Chem.</italic>, 2015, <bold>13</bold>, 7282–7288.
High mesothelin expression in advanced lung adenocarcinoma is associated with<i>KRAS</i>mutations and a poor prognosis (2015)

Mesothelin is a cell surface glycoprotein which is highly expressed in several epithelial cancers and may have a role in cell adhesion and metastases. In this study, we used prospectively obtained clinical and pathological data to characterize mesothelin expression in advanced lung adenocarcinoma. Tissue was obtained from patients who underwent molecular profiling of potentially actionable genes on a trial of molecular profiling and targeted therapies in advanced thoracic malignancies. We immunohistochemically evaluated the intensity, and the percentage of cells expressing mesothelin in 93 advanced lung adenocarcinomas. The evaluation was blinded for molecular data and outcome. Mutations of EGFR, KRAS, BRAF, AKT1, PIK3CA and HER2 were assessed by pyrosequencing; HER2 amplification and ALK translocation were assessed by fluorescence in situ hybridization. 53% of advanced lung adenocarcinomas expressed mesothelin to some degree; high mesothelin expression, defined as mesothelin positivity in more than 25% of cells, was found in 24% of patients. High mesothelin expression was associated with inferior survival (median 18.2 months vs. 32.9 months; P = 0.014). High mesothelin expression was strongly associated with mutant KRAS (P < 0.0001) and wild-type EGFR (P = 0.002). Our results provide strong rationale to explore anti-mesothelin targeted therapies in advanced lung adenocarcinoma especially in the KRAS-mutant subgroup.
Reference Interval for the Apolipoprotein B-48 Concentration in Healthy Japanese Individuals (2014)

Based on our study of normolipidemic patients, the upper reference limit for the fasting apo B-48 concentration is estimated to be 5.7 μg/mL.
Reduction of the amyloidogenicity of a protein by specific binding of ligands to the native conformation (2001)

It is known that human muscle acylphosphatase (AcP) is able, under appropriate conditions in vitro, to aggregate and form amyloid fibrils of the type associated with human diseases. A number of compounds were tested for their ability to bind specifically to the native conformation of AcP under conditions favoring denaturation and subsequent aggregation and fibril formation. Compounds displaying different binding affinities for AcP were selected and their ability to inhibit protein fibrillization in vitro was evaluated. We found that compounds displaying a relatively high affinity for AcP are able to significantly delay protein fibrillization, mimicking the effect of stabilizing mutations; in addition, the effectiveness of such outcome correlates positively to both ligand concentration and affinity to the native state of AcP. By contrast, the inhibitory effect of ligands on AcP aggregation disappears in a mutant protein in which such binding affinity is lost. These results indicate that the stabilization of the native conformation of amyloidogenic proteins by specific ligand binding can be a strategy of general interest to inhibit amyloid formation in vivo.
ChemInform Abstract: DIRECT ENTRY TO THE ALL‐CIS TRICYCLO(5.2.1.04,10)DECANE (PERHYDROTRIQUINACENE) SKELETON BY A COBALT MEDIATED INTRAMOLECULAR CYCLIZATION (1985)

Abstract Aus dem Lactol (I) erhält man durch Grignard‐Reaktion und Silylierung die Derivate (IIa) und (IIb), die zu den Folgeprodukten (III) und (IV) führen.