gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
UWB planar monopole antenna with stable radiation pattern and low transient distortion (2011)

In this study, an ultra-wideband (UWB) microstrip-fed planar monopole antenna with stable radiation pattern is presented. The antenna structure consists of a circular disk as a radiator element and a rectangular ground plane. The antenna is fed by a microstrip line. Although small size and simplicity of planar antennas made them a good candidate for UWB application, they usually suffer from radiation pattern rotation in different frequencies. This effect can be alleviated using some compensating current distribution. To create the desired current distribution, a metallic staircase plane is placed in bottom layer of substrate. Results show that antenna has a stable broadside radiation pattern in 3.1–10GHz frequency band. A new definition of pattern stability factor (PSFII) is proposed which is proper for both of directional and omnidirectional radiation patterns. Calculated PSFII is higher than 95% which shows a stable radiation pattern of proposed antenna. Furthermore, the fidelity factor of radiated pulse in the main beam direction is higher than 95% which indicate low transient distortion.
Commentary: The Rationale for an International Liposome Society (1998)

AbstractThere is a considerable interest in establishing a liposome society for enhancing the scholarly exchange within our field, and with scientists in other relevant disciplines. In this respect we consider liposomes as a field of interest that includes a variety of lipid assemblies including stabilized emulsions, DNA-cationic lipid complexes, lipid micelles, as well as the lipid bilayer bounded particles referred to as liposomes. In this article I will develop the rationale for forming such a society.
Evaluation of real-time non-invasive diagnostic tools for the monitoring of a pilot scale atmospheric pressure plasma system (2009)

A set of real-time non-invasive multivariate analysis tools were evaluated using LabVIEW software for the process monitoring of an atmospheric pressure plasma system. During system operation, it was observed that the optical and electrical properties are subject to a deterministic jitter effect caused by momentary changes in the discharge characteristics. This temporal jitter in the voltage, current and frequency of the applied power to an atmospheric pressure plasma was monitored to assess the plasma processing conditions. Electrical diagnostic tools were used to determine the transition of the plasma from the primary glow mode to the secondary glow mode and were correlated with photo diode (PD) analysis of the plasma. Intensified charge-coupled device (ICCD) imaging of the plasma was also used to distinguish between glow and Townsend discharge properties at low applied powers (400 W). The electrical observations were recorded in real time, plotted on a principal component analysis (PCA) loading plot and analysed using non-parametric cluster analysis (NPCA). It was observed from the plotted electrical parameters that data clusters were formed which relate to both the geometry of the atmospheric plasma chambers and the mode of plasma operation. The development of these tools facilitates real-time analysis of this reel-to-reel atmospheric pressure plasma processing system.
Measurement of the thermal conductivity of nanofluids by the multicurrent hot-wire method (2008)

We present experimental results of the thermal conductivity of several nanofluids prepared by dispersing nanoparticles of SiO2 and CuO in water and ethylene glycol at various concentrations up to ≈5% in mass fraction. The measurements have been performed by the multicurrent hot-wire technique. Good agreement, within 2%, is found in recommended and published thermal conductivities of the pure fluids. Our experimental technique allows a very accurate determination of the enhancement in the thermal conductivity of the fluids due to the presence of dispersed nanoparticles. Measured enhancements compare well with some of the values published so far in the literature. We have compared our results with simple theoretical models that predict the thermal conductivity of solid suspensions and found that in some cases observed enhancements are several times larger than the predicted ones.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure of NdCl3·4 THF and Its Catalytic Activity in Polymerization of Diene. (1987)

Abstract The air‐sensitive complex (I) (space group P2 1 /c, Z=4) forms with Al‐alkyls highly effective catalysts for the polymerization of dienes such as (III).
X-ray spectrometry investigation of electrical isolation in GaN (2002)

Electrical isolation of n-type GaN epilayers bombarded with MeV light ions is studied by energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDS). We show that the maximum bremsstrahlung x-ray energy (the Duane–Hunt limit) can be used to monitor the isolation process in GaN. This method allows the dose region above the threshold dose for isolation to be conveniently studied, whereas the application of conventional (low-voltage) electrical techniques in this dose range with large sheet resistances of the material (≳1011 Ω/sq) is often impossible due to comparable parasitic resistances of the experimental setup. A correlation of EDS and resistance measurements of GaN strongly suggests that the magnitude of sample charging scales with the number of ion-beam-produced deep electron traps which are empty at equilibrium. The results presented demonstrate the utility of EDS as a powerful and simple technique to study electrical isolation in wide band-gap semiconductors.
Entropic Origin of Pseudogap Physics and a Mott-Slater Transition in Cuprates (2017)

We propose a new approach to understand the origin of the pseudogap in the cuprates, in terms of bosonic entropy. The near-simultaneous softening of a large number of different q-bosons yields an extended range of short-range order, wherein the growth of magnetic correlations with decreasing temperature T is anomalously slow. These entropic effects cause the spectral weight associated with the Van Hove singularity (VHS) to shift rapidly and nearly linearly toward half filling at higher T, consistent with a picture of the VHS driving the pseudogap transition at a temperature ~T*. As a byproduct, we develop an order-parameter classification scheme that predicts supertransitions between families of order parameters. As one example, we find that by tuning the hopping parameters, it is possible to drive the cuprates across a transition between Mott and Slater physics, where a spin-frustrated state emerges at the crossover.
Walk to me when I smile, step back when I’m angry: emotional faces modulate whole-body approach–avoidance behaviors (2011)

Facial expressions are potent social cues that can induce behavioral dispositions, such as approach-avoidance tendencies. We studied these tendencies by asking participants to make whole-body forward (approach) or backward (avoidance) steps on a force plate in response to the valence of social cues (happy or angry faces) under affect-congruent and incongruent mappings. Posturographic parameters of the steps related to automatic stimulus evaluation, step initiation (reaction time), and step execution were determined and analyzed as a function of stimulus valence and stimulus-response mapping. The main result was that participants needed more time to initiate a forward step towards an angry face than towards a smiling face (which is evidence of a congruency effect), but with backward steps, this difference failed to reach significance. We also found a reduction in spontaneous body sway prior to the step with the incongruent mapping. The results provide a crucial empirical link between theories of socially induced action tendencies and theories of postural control and suggest a motoric basis for socially guided motivated behavior.
“Dichotomies in Silk: Shrinking and Stretching” (2002)

Shibori processes can be used to generate highly-textured surface designs for the production of pure silk garments that permanently retain their form and elasticity. Fabric is first shaped using a variety of traditional stitch-resist shibori techniques on greige goods (untreated fabric) of Japanese Gunma silk, a special fabric with highly over-spun silk filaments. Next, fabric is scoured, causing it to shrink – an effect of the high-twist yarns. In unprotected areas, the textile is permanently pleated, whereas the remaining stitch-resisted and protected areas of the fabric become permanently textured. Texture can further be enhanced 0through shibori dyeing. A major consideration in designing garments using the method described above is the fact that the scouring process leads to a sixty percent reduction in the total surface area of the textile. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate how and where this reduction will occur before scouring in order to ensure that the multiple textures and specific design features (i.e. cuffs, collars and waistline), appear at the appropriate and designated positions within the final piece. This technique, unlike that of traditional garment design, involves multiple textures within a continuous piece -- no seams exist between the pleated and stitch-resisted areas. Collectively, the elasticity inherent in the final pieces, coupled with their seamless nature, results in extraordinary fluidity and new possibilities in design.
Plasticity of the auditory brainstem: Effects of cochlear ablation on GAP-43 immunoreactivity in the rat (1997)

In the adult brain, expression of the growth associated protein GAP-43 may serve as an indicator of synaptic remodeling. We have studied localization and time course of the re-expression of GAP-43 following deafening through cochlear ablation. As a consequence of unilateral cochlear lesioning, a substantial increase in the expression of GAP-43 was observed in the neuropil of all subnuclei of the ipsilateral cochlear nuclear complex. This expression of GAP-43 occurred in well-defined fibers and boutons. In the ventral cochlear nuclei, boutons immunoreactive for GAP-43 were often localized on cell bodies. However, they were found only on selected subpopulations of cochlear nucleus neurons, i.e., on cell bodies containing glutamate or calretinin immunoreactivity, but apparently not on GABAergic neurons. Olivocochlear neurons must have been axotomized by the operation. Following cochlear ablation, a dramatic re-expression of GAP-43 occurred in cell bodies of the ipsilateral lateral superior olive but not in the ventral nucleus of the trapezoid body. Position and number of these cells suggested that most, if not all, of them serve the lateral olivocochlear bundle. However, although axon collaterals are given off by certain types of olivocochlear neurons, a direct involvement of the immunoreactive cell bodies in the emergence of GAP-43 in the cochlear nucleus is not obvious. A transient rise of GAP-43 immunoreactivity that could not be attributed to axotomized neurons was observed in the contralateral dorsal cochlear nucleus and in the ipsilateral inferior colliculus. Given the functional significance attributed to GAP-43, we conclude that the sudden loss of spiral ganglion cells leads to a reactive synaptogenesis in complex patterns across several auditory brainstem nuclei.
A highly sensitive terahertz photon detector based on a semiconductor quantum dot (2007)

We have developed a detector for photons in the terahertz region consisting of a lateral semiconductor quantum-dot (QD), defined in the two-dimensional electron gas (2-DEG) of a mesa-patterned heterostructure using three metallic gates, and a metallic single-electron transistor (SET) fabricated on top of the mesa. The SET is capacitively coupled to the QD. THz photons can be absorbed by the QD resulting in excitations associated with a change in charge-state of the QD, which can be detected directly as a change in the conductance of the SET. We characterize the detector by using radiation from a black-body emitter at the 1 K stage of our apparatus. Operation of the detector at a temperature of 300 mK is demonstrated and the noise equivalent power (NEP) is estimated to be of the order of 10 19 W/radicHz based on a dark count rate of 0.1/s and a quantum efficiency of the order of 0.1 %.
Analysis of distortion of a fiber optic Michelson interferometric sensor caused by the imperfect properties of its <inline-formula>3×3</inline-formula> coupler (1997)

We investigate the distortion of demodulated output signal in a fiber optic Michelson interferometric sensor in relationship to the imperfect properties of its 3 X 3 coupler. A general guide rule in choosing a 3 X 3 coupler and its connection type in the interferometer to reduce this kind of signal distortion is also suggested.
Activation of gelatinolytic/collagenolytic activity in dentin by self‐etching adhesives (2006)

Mild acids are known to activate dentin matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs). All self-etching dental adhesives are acidic (pH 1.5-2.7) and may activate dentin MMPs. The purpose of this study was to compare the ability of several all-in-one adhesives to activate gelatinolytic and collagenolytic activities in powdered mineralized dentin. Powdered dentin made from human teeth was mixed with all-in-one adhesives (Clearfil Tri-S Bond, G-Bond, Adper Prompt L-Pop) or a self-etching primer (Clearfil SE Bond primer) for varying times and then the reaction was stopped by extracting the adhesives using acetone. Fresh untreated mineralized dentin powder had a gelatinolytic activity of 3.31 +/- 0.39 relative fluorescent units (RFU) per mg dry weight (24 h) that increased, over storage time, to 87.5 RFU mg(-1) (24 h) after 6-8 wk. When fresh powder was treated with acidic Tri-S Bond, the gelatinolytic activity increased from 3.24 +/- 0.70 RFU mg(-1) to > 112.5 RFU mg(-1) (24 h) after 20 min and then remained unchanged. Monomers with lower pH values produced less activity. There was a significant, direct correlation between gelatinolytic activity and pH, with Tri-S giving the highest activity. Coating dentin powder with Tri-S resin prevented fluorescent substrates from gaining access to the enzyme, even though it activated the enzyme. In conclusion, self-etch adhesives may activate latent MMP and increase the activity to near-maximum levels and contribute to the degradation of resin-dentin bonds over time.
From Boric Acid to Organometallics: Latest Developments in Metallacarborane Chemistry (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Precovery of TESS Single Transits with KELT (2018)

During the TESS prime mission, 74% of the sky area will only have an observational baseline of 27 days. For planets with orbital periods longer than 13.5 days, TESS can only capture one or two transits, and the planet ephemerides will be difficult to determine from TESS data alone. Follow-up observations of transits of these candidates will require precise ephemerides. We explore the use of existing ground-based wide-field photometric surveys to constrain the ephemerides of the TESS single-transit candidates, with a focus on the Kilodegree Extremely Little Telescope (KELT) survey. We insert simulated TESS-detected single transits into KELT light curves, and evaluate how well their orbital periods can be recovered. We find that KELT photometry can be used to confirm ephemerides with high accuracy for planets of Saturn size or larger with orbital periods as long as a year, and therefore span a wide range of planet equilibrium temperatures. In a large fraction of the sky we recover 30% to 50% of warm Jupiter systems (planet radius of 0.9 to 1.1 R_J and 13.5 < P < 50 days), 5% to 20% of temperate Jupiters (50 < P < 300 days), and 10% to 30% of warm Saturns (planet radius of 0.5 to 0.9 R_J and 13.5 < P < 50 days). The resulting ephemerides can be used for follow-up observations to confirm candidates as planets, eclipsing binaries, or other false positives, as well as to conduct detailed transit observations with facilities like JWST or HST.
(η <sup>5</sup> ‐Cyclopentadienyl)Nitrosyl Chromium, Molybdenum, and Tungsten Complexes (1979)

This chapter contains sections titled: Alkyl and aryl(η5-cyclopentadienly)dinitrosyl chromium, molybdenum, and tungsten complexes Bis[(η5-cyclopentadienyl)Dinitrosylchromium]
ChemInform Abstract: Electronic and Magnetic Properties of SrTiO<sub>3</sub>/LaAlO<sub>3</sub> Interfaces from First Principles (2010)

Abstract Review: 75 refs.
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced gastric adenocarcinoma. (1993)

Gastric adenocarcinoma is typically diagnosed at an advanced stage, and even with "curative" gastrectomy, most patients die of recurrent disease. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced gastric cancer is an experimental treatment strategy that may increase resectability and improve survival for patients afflicted with an almost uniformly fatal neoplasm. At our institution, we are evaluating the efficacy of fluorouracil, leucovorin, and interferon alfa-2A administered for three cycles, followed by surgery and consolidation therapy for patients with T3-4, N1-2, M0 gastric adenocarcinoma. The rationale for the use of neoadjuvant therapy combined with radical extirpative surgery in this setting and related issues are discussed.
A 1-Gb/s, 0.7-μm CMOS optical receiver with full rail-to-rail output swing (1999)

This paper presents a 1-Gb/s optical receiver with full rail-to-rail output swing realized in a standard 0.7-/spl mu/m CMOS technology. The receiver consists of a 1-k/spl Omega/ transimpedance preamplifier followed by a postamplifier based on a biased inverter chain. The latter performs both a linear and a limiting amplification. The automatic biasing of the chain is provided through an offset tolerant replica circuit. The receiver requires no external components or biasing voltages. It is designed for a relatively large 0.8-pF input capacitance and is fed from a single 5-V power supply. These properties make the circuit suitable for a commercial environment. A sensitivity of 10 /spl mu/A was measured at 1 Gb/s. The complete receiver, including all biasing and replicas, consumes approximately 100 mW from the 5-V supply. When powered from a 3.3-V supply, a maximal bit rate of 600 Mb/s is achieved, while the power consumption is reduced to approximately 26.5 mW.
Radiographic changes in bone dimensions in asymptomatic cemented total hip arthroplasties. Results of nine to thirteen-year follow-up. (1988)

On twenty-six cemented total hip replacements that had been followed for an average of 10.4 years (range, nine to thirteen years), a retrospective radiographic study was done to assess dimensional changes in the cross section of the bone in a group of asymptomatic patients. Cortical dimensions were measured on radiographs and were normalized using a radiographic distortion factor that was derived from the width and length of the prosthesis. The data were then analyzed using a least-squares method. Analyses were performed for the men, for the women, and for the combined group. The results for all three groups showed a significant decrease in cortical thickness as well as widening of the medullary canal, but no periosteal expansion.
Application of sewage sludge to arable land–soil concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polychorinated dibenzo-<i>p</i>-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and biphenyls, and their accumulation in earthworms (2002)

Soils from five agricultural sites, three research sites, and two privately owned farms were analyzed for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polybronimated diphenylethers (PBDEs). In soils that had not been treated with sludge (reference soils), the international toxic equivalents (I-TEQs) were 0.6 to 1.5 pg/g dry matter (D.M) for the PCDD/Fs. which are low compared to generally reported background soil levels in Europe. The concentrations of sum of six penta- and hexa-PCBs were 450 to 1,400 pg/g DM. The PBDEs 47 and 99 dominated among the tri- to hepta-PBDEs analyzed (8-80 pg/g DM). The impact of adding 1 to 3 tonnes of sludge (DM) per hectare per year on the concentrations was studied at the three research sites by calculating ratios of the compounds in sludge-treated soil to reference soil (S/R ratio). The concentrations of I-TEQs did not increase in the sludge-treated soil, whereas the S/R ratios for PBDEs were greater than one. Also, although the PCB contents were higher in the sludge-treated soils, the background sources were more important for the concentrations of PCBs than of PBDEs. The largest increase in the S/R ratios was found at a private farm where large amounts of sludge had been used in the past. Accumulation of the compounds in earthworms from the sites also was investigated. The biota-soil accumulation factors (BSAFs) of the tested compounds declined in the following order: ortho-PCBs approximately PBDEs > non-ortho-PCBs > 2.3,7,8-substituted PCDD/Fs. The average BSAF for ortho-PCBs was five (organic matter/lipids), and the lowest BSAFs (0.1-0.8) found were for octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. To our knowledge, accumulation of PBDEs in earthworms has not been published previously.
Stability analysis of the fuzzy logic controller designed by the phase portrait assignment algorithm (2002)

The authors analyze the stability of a fuzzy logic controller, designed using the phase portrait assignment algorithm from a topological point of view. The fuzzy logic controller was designed for a simplified automobile engine which is a two-state dynamic model. The controller was designed using the automatic rule generation technique reported by G.J. Vachtsevanos et al. (1992). The general form of the rule is given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Effect of Heating Rate on Thermally Formed Myosin, Fibrinogen and Albumin Gels (1986)

ABSTRACT Myosin, fibrinogen and albumin gels were formed by heating in pH 6.0 phosphate buffer at three heating rates. Turbidity (A 660nm ) and solubility were monitored along with gel strength, as measured with an annular pump. Myosin and fibrinogen suspensions became turbid and solubility decreased as temperatures preceding the development of gel strength. Linearly increasing heating rates of 12°C/hr and 50°C/hr produced the strongest myosin and fibrinogen gels at 70°C, whereas albumin gels formed at 95°C by heating at 12°C/hr or constant heating for 20 min did not differ in strength.
Perioperative predictors of midterm survival after aortic valve replacement (2013)

5-year survival among octogenarians was 59.2% with an observed 30-day mortality of 1% for aortic valve replacement and 3% for aortic valve replacement with coronary artery bypass. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that age ≥80 years, New York Heart Association functional class III/IV, and left ventricular ejection fraction <35% were significantly associated with increased midterm mortality. Cox regression modeling demonstrated that age ≥80 years was the only significant independent factor associated with midterm mortality; older patients had a 3-fold increase in mortality (adjusted hazard ratio = 3.231, 95% confidence interval: 1.764-5.920, p < 0.0001). While hospital and 30-day mortality were not statistically different between age groups, age ≥80 years was the most powerful predictor of midterm death. These results support early aortic valve replacement with or without coronary artery bypass in aortic stenosis management.