gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Application of Origin-Destination Matrices to the Design of Train Services (2009)

SummaryWe consider two related problems in the design of train services on a linear rail network. In the first case, for a prescribed set of practical stopping plans, we determine the number of train services with each allowable stopping pattern that best meets the known demand. We establish fundamental results to define the concept of a maximal origin-destination demand matrix, and use this insight to formulate and solve an integer program that finds the best collection of train services. In the second case we discuss demand estimation from a collection of observed traffic counts. Our aim is to outline the fundamental procedures proposed in a celebrated paper by Van Zuylen & Willumsen (1980). These two problems arose during an Australian Mathematical Sciences Institute (AMSI) industry internship sponsored by Sydney-based company TTG Transportation Technology. These problems are well-suited as a basis of a senior level project-based mathematics course in which students build research skills and develop real-world technical experience through the study of industrial problems. The instructor may use the problems to motivate the study of deterministic mathematical programming and stochastic optimisation, and to introduce undergraduate mathematics students to important techniques in modern applied mathematics.
A wireless implantable MEMS micropump system for site-specific anti-cancer drug delivery (2013)

The manner in which a drug is delivered to the body plays a major role in its efficacy. There are several implantable pump technologies for chronic drug administration in humans and large animals. However, development of new drug therapies generally involves initial evaluation via human disease models in small animals such as mice. The technology for chronic drug administration in mice is currently limited to constant flow rates determined at the time of pump manufacture. With the emerging demand for personalized medicine, there is a need for drug administration technology at the early stages of drug development that offers flexibility in dosing schedules. Such a technology would create new opportunities in drug research that is not possible with currently available tools. ? This dissertation describes the development of a wireless implantable micropump system for mice that allows flexible dosing to be performed post-implantation. The first chapter begins with a review of the current state-of-the-art drug administration technology for rodents and its limitations. It then introduces the wireless micropump system, its advantages over current technology, and an application in anti-cancer drug delivery that drove its design. The second chapter elaborates the details of the specific needs of the anticancer drug and demonstrates a wired micropump prototype that utilizes electrochemical actuation. The preliminary benchtop tests and in vivo studies with the first generation system elucidate the need for better packaging, valve control, and wireless power to enable chronic drug delivery. The third chapter presents the second generation system, which addresses packaging concerns and valve selection and evaluation. It concludes with a demonstration of the micropump with a wireless power source. The fourth chapter presents the mechanical characterization of the bellows component of the actuator and its effect on the overall system configuration and design. The fifth chapter brings together the advancements from the first two generations into a fully integrated and wirelessly powered implantable system. Characterization of this third generation system shows its ability to perform the intended drug dosing schedule reliably in the environmental conditions that would occur in vivo.
Differential distribution of B7.1 (CD80) and B7.2 (CD86) costimulatory molecules on mucosal macrophage subsets in human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (1997)

The molecules B7.1 and B7.2 deliver costimulatory signals of critical importance to naive T cells, and may thus be involved in abrogation of oral tolerance in IBD. Functional disparity apparently exists among antigen-presenting cells in vivo. We wanted to examine if differential B7 expression occurs on mucosal macrophage subsets. Cryosections of bowel specimens from patients with IBD and normal controls were subjected to immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase staining. In normal mucosa, selective subepithelial accumulation of B7.2+ cells was found. In inflamed IBD mucosa, however, subsets appeared consisting of both B7.2(hi) and B7.1(hi) cells as well as CD14(hi) macrophages. Notably, outside lymphoid aggregates the prominent fraction of recently recruited CD14(hi) macrophages comprised most (approximately 80%) of the B7.1(hi) cells, whereas most (approximately 70%) B7.2(hi) cells were identified as resident mucosal macrophages (CD14(lo) or CD14-). Differential expression of B7.1 and B7.2 on two functionally different subsets of intestinal macrophages implies separate immunoregulatory roles for the two molecules. This finding is in keeping with recent experimental data demonstrating that monocyte-derived cells are crucial for immune responses at mucosal surfaces. Preferential B7.1 up-regulation might be critical in breaking the immunological tolerance to luminal antigens in IBD, but it cannot be excluded that it is a secondary pathogenic event.
Coding Last Level STT-RAM Cache for High Endurance and Low Power (2013)

STT-RAM technology has recently emerged as one of the most promising memory technologies. However, its major problems, limited write endurance and high write energy, are still preventing it from being used as a drop-in replacement of SRAM cache. In this paper, we propose a novel coding scheme for STT-RAM last level cache based on the concept of value locality. We reduce switching probability in cache by swapping common patterns with limited weight codes (LWC) to make writes less often as well as more uniform. We also define some policies for swapping these patterns. Our evaluation shows that bit write variance in memory cells can be reduced by about 20% on average resulting in a more uniform wear-out directly enhancing lifetime and improving cell reliability. In addition, writes in cache lines can be reduced by about 12% compared to one of the most effective circuit level techniques known as early write termination (EWT) [12]. Our method increases memory hierarchy access time by about 0.08% on average, which is negligible. We have shown that our method doesn't adversely affect last level cache energy-delay <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . The non-uniformity caused by the coding scheme can be used for another coding scheme at main memory or L1 cache depending on their technologies.
Fuzzy Logic Controllers for navigation and control of AR. Drone using Microsoft Kinect (2016)

This work demonstrates the application of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in a robotic Urban Search and Rescue (USAR) mission. An intuitive and natural control methodology that can be universally applied to different types of unmanned rotary wing aerial vehicles is developed. The control system encompasses a Windows computer system and a 3-Dimensional depth-sensing camera, in particular the Microsoft Kinect. Human hand gestures are captured, filtered and translated into flight manoeuvres for the UAV. The filtering involves the application of Fuzzy Logic Controllers, which incorporate the use of several different input variables for the control of either the velocity or position of the UAV. The developed system is implemented and tested on an AR Drone.
Sensor Stream Reduction (2012)

This chapter introduces a methodology for sensor stream reduction in wireless sensor networks. Considering a sensor stream reduction application, a basic methodology is composed of four phases: characterization, reduction tools, robustness, and conception. The data reduction process, in this conceptual model, consists of the sensed data characterization, that is, how the data can be collected and represented, and the application specification, that is, what application requirements have to be considered, for example, real-time deadlines, energy consumption, or QoS guarantee. The sensing reduction is recommended when the sensor device gets an excessive number of samples, and be dynamically calibrated to deal with more data than it currently deals with. The routing reduction, in contrast, is performed when the network does not support the amount of data being transmitted. A group of reduction solutions must be available to help the application development.
AXAF electrical power system (2003)

The electrical power system Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF), one of the major elements in NASA's observatory series, is discussed. Viewing the heavens in the X-ray spectrum, AXAF will see objects 100 times fainter than any previous X-ray mission. AXAF is in the early stages of preliminary design, with launch planned for the mid-1990s. The electric power system requirements, topology, and sizing are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
[IgG4 antibodies to the allergens of grass and tree pollens in pollinosis patients: their diagnostic and prognostic significance]. (1990)

Total IgE, IgE and IgG4 antibodies to offending allergens were studied in 118 hay fever patients with allergy to tree pollen or to grass pollen. No difference in the level of total IgE and IgE antibodies was found between these groups of patients while the IgG4 antibody level was significantly higher in tree pollen-allergic patients. It has been established that in tree pollen allergy, the determination of IgG4 antibodies is of no less diagnostic value than the assay of IgE antibodies. The authors discuss the problems of the prognostic value of IgG4 antibody increase during the hyposensitization therapy and of a possible relationship between IgG4 antibodies and allergy to vegetable food often associated with tree pollen allergy.
Haemostasis, cytoadhesive molecules (sE-selectin and sICAM-1) and inflammatory markers in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). (1998)

Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is connected with a higher incidence of macrovascular atherosclerotic disorders. The aim of the study was to detect any difference in levels of "cardiovascular risk factors"--fibrinogen, PAI-1 and inflammation response (documented by an increase of protein of acute phase orosomucoid) and of soluble cytoadhesive molecule sE-selectin and sICAM-1 (as markers of endothelial dysfunction) in blood plasma of 118 patients with NIDDM in comparison to the levels in blood plasma of 59 healthy persons as a control group. We observed higher levels of fibrinogen (fibrinogen level was 3.44 +/- 1.02 g/l in NIDDM pts versus 2.44 +/- 0.55 g/l in control group, p < 0.01) and PAI-1 Ag concentration was 159.7 +/- 110.3 ng/ml in NIDDM pts versus 51.43 +/- 24.64 ng/ml in control group, p < 0.01) together with an increase of acute phase protein orosomucoid as a "inflammatory response marker" (orosomucoid concentration was 0.85 +/- 0.23 g/l in NIDDM pts versus 0.54 +/- 0.18 g/l in control group, p < 0.01) in patients with NIDDM. The increase of these "cardiovascular risk factors" levels will be probably induced by higher activity of inflammatory cytokines IL-1 beta and/or TNF alpha in NIDDM patients, because both are inducers of orosomucoid fibrinogen and PAI-1 synthesis. This hypothesis is also supported by observation of higher levels of soluble cytoadhesive molecules sE-selectin (sE-selectin level was 64.25 +/- 26.8 ng/ml in NIDDM pts versus 46.64 +/- 29.57 ng/ml in control group, p < 0.01) and sICAM-1 (sICAM-1 level was 307.71 +/- 86.2 ng/ml in NIDDM pts versus 255.6 +/- 58.0 ng/ml in control group, p < 0.01) in patients with NIDDM. Both cytoadhesive molecules are produced by endothelial cells which are influenced by IL-1 beta and/or TNF alpha. According to these findings we suppose that an "inflammation" plays an important role in the evolution of atherosclerotic process at NIDDM together with the known influence of glucose and lipid metabolism pathology.
Contention Resolution in Random-Access Wireless Networks Based on Orthogonal Complementary Codes (2004)

This paper proposes a new method for contention resolution in random-access wireless networks. Using orthogonal complementary codes to design access-request packets, users can reserve channel access successfully, even in severe contentions. Collisions among access-request packets can be resolved and exploited, whereas collisions among data packets are avoided. System throughput and delay performance can be enhanced, because random-access contention becomes transparent. Specifically, system throughput approaches the offered load up to the maximum value one with improved average packet delay performance. A joint layer design approach is proposed with both the physical layer signal-detection algorithm and the medium access-control layer random-access protocol. The performance is analyzed with the consideration of signal detection errors. Simulations are performed to demonstrate its superior performance.
6.4 A 56Gb/s 7.7mW/Gb/s PAM-4 Wireline Transceiver in 10nm FinFET Using MM-CDR-Based ADC Timing Skew Control and Low-Power DSP with Approximate Multiplier (2020)

Needs for I/O bandwidth have rapidly increased with the explosive growth of internet traffic and data technologies. To accommodate the required high bandwidth, a DSP-based PAM-4 transceiver became the most robust solution with increased usage of channel capacity [1]–[4]. However, to be integrated with many transceivers in a chip, low-power designs are becoming critical factors for DSP-based transceivers. This paper presents an MM-CDR-based ADC timing skew control, which greatly reduces ADC complexity and power, and a low-power DSP using an approximate multiplier. Besides this, <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathrm{g}_{\mathrm{m}}$</tex> boosting of the TX driver and low-power TX DAC help reduce total power consumption.
INVESTMENT! INVESTMENT! INVESTMENT! (2000)

This article assesses the UK Government's Ten Year Transport Plan, and its implications for the British railway industry which has been under-financed. The long decline of the industry during most of the 20th century was largely due to excessive regulations first imposed in the 19th century. In the 1990s, privatisation originally aimed to obtain the best price for railway assets and manage the industry's decline at the lowest cost. In public service terms, the Government required a minimum timetable, limits to crowding, and some subsidies to meet social requirements. Rather surprisingly, rail passenger travel rose after privatisation, and now seems likely to reach record levels, but too often accompanied by congestion, crowding, and worsening punctuality. In the Ten Year Transport Plan, 60,000M has been allocated to the national rail network, of which 49,000M will be capital investment, with 34,000M and 15,000M from the private and public sectors, respectively. Most of the capital investment will be in new infrastructure, though about 6000 new passenger vehicles will also be provided. The article discusses the risks involvement in the private investment programme, and how far Railtrack, the train operating companies (TOCs), and public-private partnerships (PPPs) could meet the programme's requirements.
Parallelizing fundamental algorithms such as sorting on multi-core processors for EDA acceleration (2009)

Fundamental algorithms should be parallelized to accelerate EDA software on multi-core architecture. In this paper, we introduce scalable algorithms that have scalability on multi-cores. As an example, a sorting algorithm, called Map Sort, is presented. This algorithm uses a map from subsets of input data to intervals on data range. Experimental results show that, in comparison with quick sort on a single CPU, processing time of Map Sort is comparable on a CPU and three times faster on four CPUs.
Accounting for deferred taxation : accounting technical (2016)

There are many debates and reasons why compilers of financial statements for small to medium sized enterprises (SMEs) do not account for deferred tax - these range from it not adding value to the financial results of the business, to it being too difficult a concept to understand and implement. The focus of this article is on two critical issues relating to deferred taxation; namely compliance to the accounting standards and the cash flow benefits.
Something to tweet about: Incorporating social media into your nursing practice (2013)

The use of social media has become a conduit for relaying information rapidly around the world and is increasingly being used not only by individuals but a number of organisations. There is a broad range of social media platforms available to transplant nurses including Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn and blogs, to name a few. Numerous nursing and transplant-related organisations have established a presence on social media including associations, institutions and journals. Through the use of social media, transplant nurses are able to both increase their knowledge base and network with colleagues and organisations internationally.
Induction of Antibiotic Resistance in <i>Paramecium tetraurelia</i> by the Bacterial Gene APH‐3'‐II (1995)

We have generated a transformation marker for Paramecium using a Paramecium expression vector (pPXV) and the open reading frame (ORF) of the bacterial antibiotic resistance gene aminoglycoside 3'-phosphotransferase-II (APH-3'-II or neor) from the transposon Tn5. The expression vector contained a small multiple cloning site between the 5' and 3' non-coding regions of the calmodulin gene, and Tetrahymena telomere sequences for the stability of the plasmid in Paramecium. After the neor ORF was inserted, the plasmid was referred to as pPXV-NEO. Delivery of approximately 10-20 picoliters of linearized PXV-NEO at > or = 2000 copies/pl into the macronucleus effected 100% transformation. Southern and Northern blot hybridization showed the presence of neor-specific DNA and RNA, respectively, in all of the transformed clones but not in the untransformed clones. The degree of resistance to G-418, and the concentrations of neor-specific DNA and neor-specific RNA in the clones were proportional to the concentration of the vector injected. We have demonstrated that when the linearized plasmid was injected into the macronucleus, the prokaryotic sequence conferred an antibiotic resistance to Paramecium despite codon-usage differences.
The use of MTA in teeth with necrotic pulps and open apices<sup>1</sup> (2002)

Three clinical cases have been treated with the use of an apical plug of MTA for apexification. All three cases were central incisors that had suffered premature interruption of root development as a consequence of trauma. According to the treatment protocol, the root canals were rinsed with 5% NaOCl; then, calcium hydroxide paste was placed in the canals for 1 week. Consequently, the apical portion of the canal (4 mm) was filled with MTA. The remaining portion of the root canals was then closed with thermoplastic gutta-percha. At 6-month and 1-year follow-up period the clinical and radiographic appearance of the teeth showed resolution of the periapical lesions. MTA appears to be a valid option for apexification with its main advantage being the speed at which the treatment can be completed.
DNA Cytometry: Diploid Standard and Section Thickness (1994)

Journal Article DNA Cytometry: Diploid Standard and Section Thickness Get access Andreas Gschwendtner, MD, Andreas Gschwendtner, MD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Alfons Kreczy, MD, Alfons Kreczy, MD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kurt Prein, MD, Kurt Prein, MD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Christian Schónthaler, Christian Schónthaler Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Thomas Mairinger, MD Thomas Mairinger, MD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 102, Issue 4, 1 October 1994, Pages 558–559, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/102.4.558 Published: 01 October 1994
Effects of immunonutrition on biomarkers in traumatic brain injury patients in Malaysia: a prospective randomized controlled trial (2017)

National Medical Research Register (NMRR) ID: 14-1430-23,171. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03166449 .
Health workforce crisis: How to achieve a work–life balance (2008)

Shortages in the health workforce have reached crisis point nationwide and staff are overworked, stressed and tired. According to the Rural Doctors Association, this is particularly true in rural areas of Australia where doctors work an average of 56 hours per week, with 40% working over 60 hours; this compares with 26% of metropolitan doctors.1 Employees working very long hours (i.e. 60 hours per week or more) are twice as likely to believe that work interferes with non-work activities than employees working a standard full-time week (i.e. 35–44 hours per week).2 The importance of work–life balance has been recognised by the Australian Government. For example, they provide support to rural doctors through the Workforce Support for Rural General Practitioners program. This program is rolled out through Rural Workforce Agencies and Divisions of General Practice and provides funding to 66 rural and remote Divisions across Australia. In 2005–2006, 53% of these Divisions reported receiving funding for social activities, and 32% for family support.3 While these figures allow for improvement, they demonstrate active efforts to achieve work–life balance in the workforce. For individuals who are interested in ‘re-calibrating’ their work–life balance, some useful resources are described below: The Government of Western Australia has developed a website dedicated to work–life balance. It includes fact sheets on topics from flexible leave arrangements to job sharing to phased retirement. Also accessible via this website is the Work Life Balance Survey and various other research materials. See: http://www.docep.wa.gov.au/lr/worklife/WorkplaceFlexiblity/FlexibleWorkingArr.html ‘How to create a healthy headspace at work’ discusses topics such as, ‘The impact of stress on your body’, ‘Are you coping as well as you think you are’ and ‘How can you rejuvenate and bring the balance back’. See: http://naturalhealth.ninemsn.com.au/News/Detail.aspx?ArticleId=8909 For professional assistance, Managing Work–Life Balance International provides resources that deliver work–life balance solutions designed to meet the needs of business, employees and mangers. See: http://www.worklifebalance.com.au/about.html The December edition of PHC RIS infonet was dedicated to workforce issues. See: http://www.phcris.org.au/infonet Achieving a situation that allows all health workers to realise work–life balance is critical to improving retention and recruitment rates in the rural workforce. Encouraging employers and employees to negotiate on flexible working arrangements is a step in the right direction to finding the workforce shortage solution.
Health Care Environments and Patient Outcomes (2003)

This review of the literature on health care environments and patient outcomes considers three research themes: patient involvement with health care (e.g., the role of patient control), the impact of the ambient environment (e.g., sound, light, art), and the emergence of specialized building types for defined populations (e.g., Alzheimer's patients). The article also describes the challenges presented in doing high-quality research focused on health care environments and contrasts the contributions made by two different traditions: architecture and behavioral science. The implications of managed care and opportunities for research are considered.