gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vacuum ultraviolet treatment of polyethylene to change surface properties and characteristics of protein adsorption (2004)

The effects of vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) treatment on surface chemical composition morphology and albumin adsorption for low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) were investigated. The attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectra and contact angle measurements indicated the formation of oxygen-containing polar groups and double bonds under VUV photooxidation in the presence of air or under VUV irradiation in vacuum. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the development of regular structure with the period about 1 microm on the surface of LDPE and HDPE during VUV photooxidation. The correlation between amount of tightly adsorbed albumin and surface concentration of carboxyl groups generated by VUV irradiation was found. The aging effect for protein adsorption during long storage of VUV irradiated samples in air or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was studied. The obtained results prove the VUV irradiation provides a high potential to regulate protein adsorption on polymers for biomedical applications.
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: reduced CD20 expression is associated with an inferior survival (2008)

CD19 and CD20 are B cell-specific antigens whose expression is heterogeneous when analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). We determined the association between CD20 expression and clinical outcome in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The mean fluorescence intensity of CD20 and CD19 was determined by FCM, and the cytoplasmic expression of CD20 was determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) on 272 diagnostic DLBCL samples. Exon 5 of the MS4A1 gene coding for the extracellular component of the CD20 antigen was sequenced in 15 samples. A total of 43 of 272 (16%) samples had reduced CD20 expression by FCM; of these, 35 (13%) had bright CD19 expression. The latter had a markedly inferior survival when treated with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) or rituximab-CHOP (R-CHOP; median survival of 1.2 and 3.0 years vs not reached for the others, P < .001 and P = .001), independent of the International Prognostic Index. A total of 41 of 43 samples with reduced CD20 expression by FCM had strong staining for CD20 by IHC. There were no mutations in exon 5 of the MS4A1 gene to explain the discrepancy between FCM and IHC. CD20 and CD19 expression by FCM should be determined on all biopsies of patients with DLBCL because reduced CD20 expression cannot be reliably detected by IHC.
Experimental and Computational Investigations of Tautomerism and Fluxionality in PCP‐ and PNP‐Bridged Heavy Chalcogenides (2013)

Abstract The reaction of H 2 C(PCl 2 ) 2 with four equivalents of i PrMgCl produces H 2 C(P i Pr 2 ) 2 , which was treated with tellurium in boiling toluene, or selenium in toluene at room temperature, to give the monochalcogenides EP i Pr 2 CH 2 P i Pr 2 (E = Te, 4a ; E = Se, 4b ) in high yields. X‐ray structural determinations show that 4a and 4b exist as the CH 2 tautomers in the solid state with E–P–C–P dihedral angles of 56.1(2)° and 56.7(1)°, respectively. DFT calculations were carried out for the isolectronic series EPR 2 CH 2 PR 2 and EPR 2 NHPR 2 (E = Se, Te; R = Me, i Pr, t Bu, Ph) and for their non‐chalcogenated precursors in order to elucidate the factors that determine the preference for PH tautomers in some PNP‐bridged systems. Compounds 4a and 4b were also characterized by multinuclear ( 1 H, 13 C, 31 P, 77 Se, 125 Te) NMR spectroscopy. In solution, 4a exhibits fluxional behavior, which has been investigated by variable‐temperature and variable‐concentration multinuclear NMR spectroscopy. The observed behavior is consistent with an intermolecular tellurium transfer with an activation energy of 21.9 ± 3.2 kJ mol –1 ; consideration of selenium exchange in 4b indicates a much higher energetic barrier. DFT calculations provide insights into the pathway for the chalcogen exchange process in 4a (Δ E = 20.4 kJ mol –1 ). The outcome of reactions of 4a with selenium and n BuLi reflects the lability of the P‐Te functionality.
The Complex Posterior Septal Space in the Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome - Surgical Experience with 47 Patients (1989)

Forty-seven consecutive patients with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome due to posterior septal accessory pathways were operated on from August 3, 1983 to March 23, 1989. Seven of these patients had Ebstein's anomaly, another three coronary sinus aneurysms, one a persistent left superior vena cava, and five others complex multiple pathway combinations. Two additional patients required surgery following unsuccessful catheter ablation and one after failed surgery at another institution. Thus nineteen of forty-seven patients (40%) had additional difficulty factors which tend to complicate the operative dissection in this already complex anatomical area. The surgical anatomy of the posterior septal space as well as the essential operative principles and techniques are reviewed. Each of the frequently encountered additional difficulty factors is described with emphasis on the coronary sinus aneurysm, a recently recognized entity.
<i>Lactobacillus Fermentum</i>  Isolated from Human Colonic Mucosal Biopsy Inhibits the Growth and Adhesion of Enteric and Foodborne Pathogens (2010)

A number of Lactobacillus species are used as probiotic strains in order to benefit health. We have isolated L. fermentum from human colonic mucosal biopsy samples that possess antimicrobial activities against entroinvasive and foodborne pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella paratyphi A, Shigella sonnei, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Vibrio sp. In addition to lactic acid, L. fermentum secretes antimicrobial proteinacious compound(s) that was found to be active even at neutral pH (pH 7.0). The compound was sensitive to heat treatment and trypsin digestion. Lactobacillus fermentum inhibited the adhesion of enteropathogens to intestinal epithelial cells in vitro. Isolated cell surface associated proteins (SAPs) from L. fermentum were sufficient for the adhesion exclusions of enteropathogenic E. coli. Our results indicate that L. fermentum produces antimicrobial compounds and SAPs to inhibit the growth and adhesion of enteropathogens, respectively.
Relationship between Adherence and the Development of Resistance in Antiretroviral‐Naive, HIV‐1–Infected Patients Receiving Lopinavir/Ritonavir or Nelfinavir (2005)

Bell-shaped relationships between adherence and resistance were observed. Irrespective of adherence level, the risk of detectable HIV-1 RNA loads or of PI or lamivudine resistance was significantly higher in nelfinavir-treated patients than in lopinavir/ritonavir-treated patients.
Increased Prevalence of Myopia in the United States Between 1971-1972 and 1999-2004 (2009)

When using similar methods for each period, the prevalence of myopia in the United States appears to be substantially higher in 1999-2004 than 30 years earlier. Identifying modifiable risk factors for myopia could lead to the development of cost-effective interventional strategies.
Methods of approximate reasoning and fuzzy relation equations (1984)

The use of fuzzy logic to control purposes is closely related to implementation of a main scheme of reasoning with fuzzy premises such as generalized modus ponens.lts realization by the use of fuzzy relation equations is put into exhaustive discussion.
Empirical study of an evaluation-based subdivision algorithm for complex root isolation (2012)

We provide an empirical study of subdivision algorithms for isolating the simple roots of a polynomial in any desired box region B0 of the complex plane. One such class of algorithms is based on Newton-like interval methods (Moore, Krawczyk, Hansen-Sengupta). Another class of subdivision algorithms is based on function evaluation. Here, Yakoubsohn discussed a method that is purely based on an exclusion predicate. Recently, Sagraloff and Yap introduced another algorithm of this type, called Ceval. We describe the first implementation of Ceval in Core Library. We compare its performance to the above mentioned algorithms, and also to the well-known MPSolve software from Bini and Florentino. Our results suggest that certified evaluation-based methods such as Ceval are encouraging and deserve further exploration.
Benefiting from Multitask Learning to Improve Single Image Super-Resolution (2019)

Despite significant progress toward super resolving more realistic images by deeper convolutional neural networks (CNNs), reconstructing fine and natural textures still remains a challenging problem. Recent works on single image super resolution (SISR) are mostly based on optimizing pixel and content wise similarity between recovered and high-resolution (HR) images and do not benefit from recognizability of semantic classes. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach using categorical information to tackle the SISR problem; we present a decoder architecture able to extract and use semantic information to super-resolve a given image by using multitask learning, simultaneously for image super-resolution and semantic segmentation. To explore categorical information during training, the proposed decoder only employs one shared deep network for two task-specific output layers. At run-time only layers resulting HR image are used and no segmentation label is required. Extensive perceptual experiments and a user study on images randomly selected from COCO-Stuff dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method and it outperforms the state-of-the-art methods.
Matching and Retrieving Sequential Patterns Under Regression (2004)

Sequential pattern matching and retrieving is of real value. For example, finding stocks in the NASDAQ market whose closing prices are always about $β₀ higher than or β₁ times as that of a given company. The probelm reduces to linear pattern retrieval: given query X, find all sequence Y from database S so that Y = β₀ + β₁ with confidence C. In this paper, we novelly introduce SLR (Simple Linear Regression) model [5,7] to solve this problem. We extend 1-dimensional R^2 to ER^2 for multi-dimensional sequence matching, such as on-line handwritten signature. In addition, we develop SLR+FFT pruning techniques based on SLR to speed up retrieval without incurring any false dismissal. Experimental results show that the pruning ratio of SLR+FFT is efficient (can be above 99%). Experiments on real stocks discovered many interesting patterns. Preliminary test on on-line signature recognition using ER^2 as similarity measure also shows high accuracy.
Abstract 104 (2014)

AMERICAN SOCIETY OF PLASTIC SURGEONS PLASTIC & RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY PRS GLOBAL OPEN ASPS EDUCATION NETWORK AMERICAN SOCIETY OF PLASTIC SURGEONS PLASTIC & RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY PRS GLOBAL OPEN ASPS EDUCATION NETWORK
Effect of As overpressure during annealing on the nonuniformity of activation efficiency in Si-implanted GaAs layer (1987)

The effects of As overpressure during annealing on nonuniformity, i.e., the variations of sheet carrier concentration and Hall mobility across wafers, have been studied for Si-implanted undoped semi-insulating GaAs. The nonuniformity was found to be suppressed by annealing under high As overpressure. It is suggested that the high As overpressure suppresses the As vacancy generation during annealing which may induce the nonuniformity due to the local variation of compensation ratio of [SiAs]/[SiGa] around a dislocation.
Effects of Sea Spray on Tropical Cyclone Intensity (2001)

The intensity of tropical cyclones is sensitive to the rates at which enthalpy and momentum are transferred between sea and air in the high-wind core of the storm. Present models of the wind dependence of these transfer rates suggest that the effective drag coefficient is more than twice the effective enthalpy transfer coefficient at wind speeds above 25 m s 1 . Using this ratio in numerical models, however, makes it impossible to sustain storms of greater than marginal hurricane intensity. Some other physical process must, therefore, enhance enthalpy transfer at very high wind speeds. This paper suggests that re-entrant sea spray explains this enhanced transfer. When a spray droplet is ejected from the ocean, it remains airborne long enough to cool to a temperature below the local air temperature but not long enough to evaporate an appreciable fraction of its mass. The spray droplet thus gives up sensible heat and returns to the sea before it has time to extract back from the atmosphere the heat necessary to continue its evaporation. Microphysical modeling, combined with data from the Humidity Exchange over the Sea Experiment (HEXOS), makes it possible to derive an expression for the net enthalpy transfer of re-entrant spray. This spray enthalpy flux is roughly cubic in wind speed. When this relation is used in a numerical simulation of a hurricane, the spray more than compensates for the observed increase in the ratio of drag and enthalpy transfer coefficients with wind speed. The momentum flux associated with sea spray is an important energy sink that moderates the effects of this spray enthalpy flux. Including a parameterization for this momentum sink along with wave drag and spray enthalpy transfer in the hurricane simulation produces results that are similar to ones based on equal transfer coefficients.
On exponential fitting for circuit simulation (2002)

Some of the theoretical and practical aspects of using exponential fitting for MOS digital circuit timing analysis are described. The multivariate test problem x=-Ax where A in R/sup n*n/ and is assumed to be irreducibly diagonally dominant with positive diagonals is considered, as this models the equations resulting from the way MOS circuits are treated in timing simulation programs. It is shown that for these problems, the Cinnamon exponentially fit algorithm is A-stable, and an example is given where the algorithm is XPSim is unstable. A semi-implicit version of the XPSim algorithm is described, and it is shown that this semi-implicit algorithm is A-stable. Examination of examples demonstrates that neither the stabilized XPSim algorithm nor the Cinnamon algorithm produces satisfactory results for very large timesteps. The effect of ordering on the accuracy and stability of the integration methods is also examined, and it is shown that ordering always enhances accuracy, though not significantly for large timesteps, and that the XPSim algorithm can be made more stable with a carefully chosen ordering.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Light management in mechanically-stacked GaAs/Si tandem solar cells: Optical design of the Si bottom cell (2015)

Light management in the Si bottom cell of a GaAs/Si tandem system is crucial due to the bandgap mismatch of the two materials, which results in a low current of the bottom cell. To evaluate the light coupling and light trapping, we developed an optical model to simulate the light absorption in the silicon bottom cell. This optical model is an extension of Basore's analytical model. By comparing the simulation with the measurement of the prototype tandem solar cell, we find that the Si bottom cell can gain up to 2.4 mA/cm2 photocurrent by improving light coupling. In addition, we study the impact of the rear surface reflectance on the photocurrent in the Si bottom cell. We observed that ∼17% relative increase in current generated in this bottom cell can be achieve by changing the rear surface design from a full area metal contact to a local-back-surface-field configuration.
Rotational angiography assessment of cerebral aneurysms. (1994)

Rotational angiography often allows better visualization of vascular anatomy and therefore improves the angiographic assessment of aneurysms when compared with conventional digital subtraction angiography, making it an excellent adjunct in the investigation of subarachnoid hemorrhage. The lack of subtraction artifacts from the surgical clips and multiple angles of view also allow better assessment of the presence or absence of a residual neck in postoperative cases.
Effect of Stunning Time and Polyphosphates on Quality of Cooked Chicken Breast Meat (1996)

The objective of this research was to determine effects of stunning duration and polyphosphates on color, pH, and texture of chicken breast meat. Sixty broiler chickens were electrically stunned for 2 to 10 s in 2-s intervals and then slaughtered. Left and right Pectoralis major muscles were excised 1 h post-mortem. The left muscles (treated) were treated with a sodium tripolyphosphate salt solution, and the right muscles (controls) were treated with a salt solution alone. All muscles were cooked to an endpoint temperature of 72 C in a 95 C water bath. Measurements of muscle pH were taken on the meat 1 h post-mortem, after treating, and after cooking. Color values and Warner-Bratzler shear values were evaluated on each cooked meat sample. As stunning time increased, pH increased at 1 h post-mortem but treating with either of the solutions eliminated this trend. Muscle pH also increased upon cooking except in the polyphosphate-treated muscles, because the latter muscles achieved maximum pH prior to cooking. Stunning had no apparent effect on color values of the cooked meat; however, polyphosphate treatment resulted in meat that was darker and less red than controls. Longer stunning times resulted in greater shear values but polyphosphates did not affect Warner-Bratzler results. Taken together, these data suggest that processing variables that affect muscle pH also affect quality attributes.
Molded Nanowell Electrodes for Site‐Selective Single Liposome Arrays (2007)

We present a nanowell (NW)-based biosensing platform for electrochemically detecting biological reactions on the level of single lipid vesicle. The NW geometry of a gently-sloped vertical wall is found to be optimal for selective deposition of single liposomes without capillary resistances. Also, the use of a hydrophilic, non-biofouling PEG copolymer is essential to provide distinctively separated FLV arrays without nonspecific adsorption.
Kinetic separation of methane/carbon dioxide by molecular sieve carbons (2002)

The bulk separation of CH4/CO2 mixture by pressure swing adsorption (PSA) on two different types of carbon molecular sieves (CMS) is analyzed. The two CMS are Bergbau–Forschung (BF) CMS and Takeda 3A CMS. Two different PSA cycles are considered, differing by whether a feed step is used. For a 50/50 feed mixture, it is shown that the separation is feasible with both sorbents to produce a methane product at over 90% purity and at reasonably high product recoveries and sorbent productivities. It is shown in this work that temperature is an important factor to consider for kinetics-based separations, and that a higher temperature is favorable for CH4/CO2 separation on molecular sieve where diffusion is slow. At 25°C, BF CMS yields better separation because the diffusion of both CO2 and CH4 are slow in the Takeda 3A CMS. Increasing the temperature decreases the equilibrium adsorption amounts, but increases the diffusivities. The separation results with Takeda 3A are substantially improved when the temperature is increased to 70°C, and the separation is better than that of BF CMS at 25°C. Therefore, the rate of diffusion (rather than equilibrium) is the dominating factor in kinetics-based separations. The effects of the sorbent working capacity (defined as the difference in the amounts adsorbed of the fast diffusing component between the ends of the adsorption step and the desorption step) on the separation are illustrated. For the kinetics-based separation, a high-pressure feed step is desirable while a low-pressure purge step is not desirable. The reasons are seen clearly from the bed profiles.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Heterocyclic Thiosulfonates. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Nitric oxide inhalation: effects on the ovine neonatal pulmonary and systemic circulations (1996)

Others have shown that inhaled nitric oxide causes reversal of pulmonary hypertension in anaesthetized perinatal sheep. The present study examined haemodynamic responses to inhaled NO in the normal and constricted pulmonary circulation of unanaesthetized newborn lambs. Three experiments were conducted on each of 7 lambs. First, to determine a minimum concentration of NO which could reverse acute pulmonary hypertension caused by infusion of the thromboxame mimic U46619, the haemodynamic effects of 5 different doses of inhaled NO were examined. Second, the effects of inhaling 80 ppm NO during hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction were examined. Finally, to determine if tachyphalaxis occurs during NO inhalation, lambs were exposed to 80 ppm NO for 3 h during which time pulmonary arterial pressure was doubled by infusion of U46619. Breathing NO (80 ppm) caused a slight but significant decrease in pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) in lambs with normal pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP). Nitric oxide, inhaled at concentrations between 10 and 80 ppm for 6 min (F1O2 = 0.60), caused decreases in PVR when PAP was elevated with U46619. Nitric oxide acted selectively on the pulmonary circulation, i.e. no changes occurred in systemic arterial pressure or any other measured variable. Breathing 80 ppm NO for 6 min reversed hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. In the chronic exposure study, inhaling 80 ppm NO for 3 h completely reversed U46619-induced pulmonary hypertension. Although arterial methaemoglobin increased during the 3-h exposure to 80 ppm NO, there was no indication that this concentration of NO impairs oxygen loading. These data demonstrate that NO, at concentrations as low as 10 ppm, is a potent, rapid-action, and selective pulmonary vasodilator in unanaesthetized newborn lambs with elevated pulmonary tone. Furthermore, these data support the use of inhaled NO for treatment of infants with pulmonary hypertension.
The Poynting vector and power in a simple circuit (2000)

This paper outlines a simple technique for visualizing the flow of energy from a power supply to elements in a circuit as a flow through the electric and magnetic fields—or the Poynting vector—surrounding the circuit. In addition to providing the reader experience with the Poynting vector and its relation to energy flow and power, we also present a quick method for solving Laplace’s equation in two dimensions.
Symbolic analysis of bounded Petri nets (2001)

This paper presents a symbolic approach for the analysis of bounded Petri nets. The structure and behavior of the Petri net is symbolically modeled by using Boolean functions, thus reducing reasoning about Petri nets to Boolean calculation. The set of reachable markings is calculated by symbolically firing the transitions in the Petri net. Highly concurrent systems suffer from the state explosion problem produced by an exponential increase of the number of reachable states. This state explosion is handled by using Binary Decision Diagrams (BDDs) which are capable of representing large sets of markings with small data structures. Petri nets have the ability to model a large variety of systems and the flexibility to describe causality, concurrency, and conditional relations. The manipulation of vast state spaces generated by Petri nets enables the efficient analysis of a wide range of problems, e.g., deadlock freeness, liveness, and concurrency. A number of examples are presented in order to show how large reachability sets can be generated, represented, and analyzed with moderate BDD sizes. By using this symbolic framework, properties requiring an exhaustive analysis of the reachability graph can be efficiently verified.