gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Alternative Model of Business Investment Spending (1972)

DESPITE A VAST LITERATURE ON THE DETERMINANTS of investment behavior, questions about the way in which relative prices and output influence investment expenditures have not been satisfactorily resolved. In the investment models, relative prices and output are commonly introduced as a composite variable, a procedure that does not allow for the possibility of separate and distinct effects of these two determinants on the level of investment expenditures.' Yet separation of these effects is critical * I am indebted to members of the Brookings panel for their important and considerate comments. I have benefited greatly from the competent assistance of Edward Matluck and Veena Gupta; I am grateful to Rose Ferro and Laura Chasen for their efficient secretarial help. 1. neoclassical specification follows from the assumption about the form of the underlying production function. If the production function is considered to be CobbDouglas, the elasticity of investment with respect to relative prices and output is, by assumption, unity. If the production function is constant elasticity of substitution, and a vintage model of capital is assumed, the pattern of responses of investment to price changes and to output changes will differ. See Charles W. Bischoff, The Effect of Alternative Lag Distributions, in Gary Fromm (ed.), Tax Incentives and Capital Spending (Brookings Institution, 1971), pp. 61-125. For a survey of the empirical performance of several econometric investment models, see Charles W. Bischoff, Business Investment in the 1970s: A Comparison of Models, Brookings Papers on Economic Activity (1: 1971), pp. 13-58. Intermingling of rental prices and output is also defended on the grounds that the data on rental prices are subject to substantial errors of measurement. See Arnold Harberger's discussion in Tax Incentives, pp. 256-62. This argument is spurious, for if the price component of the synthesized variable is subject to measurement errors of unknown magnitude, the resulting estimates of the investment equations are certainly unreliable.
International variation in medication prescription rates among elderly patients with inflammatory bowel disease (2012)

Significant variation in medication prescription rates exists among countries. Future research should assess whether these differences were associated with disparities in outcomes and health care costs.
Laparoscopic nephrectomy (2002)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Feb 2002Laparoscopic nephrectomy Ralph V. Clayman, M.D. Louis R. Kavoussi, M.D. Nathaniel J. Soper, M.D. Stephen M. Dierks, M.D. Shimon Meretyk, M.D. Michael D. Darcy, M.D. Stephanie R. Long, B.A. Frederick D. Roemer, B.S. Edward D. Pingleton, and Paul G. Thomson Ralph V. ClaymanRalph V. Clayman More articles by this author , Louis R. KavoussiLouis R. Kavoussi More articles by this author , Nathaniel J. SoperNathaniel J. Soper More articles by this author , Stephen M. DierksStephen M. Dierks More articles by this author , Shimon MeretykShimon Meretyk More articles by this author , Michael D. DarcyMichael D. Darcy More articles by this author , Stephanie R. LongStephanie R. Long More articles by this author , Frederick D. RoemerFrederick D. Roemer More articles by this author , Edward D. PingletonEdward D. Pingleton More articles by this author , and Paul G. ThomsonPaul G. Thomson More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(02)80282-8AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Laparoscopic nephrectomy." The Journal of Urology, 167(2 Part 2), p. 862 References 1. : Laparoscopic laser cholecystectomy: a comparison with mini-lap cholecystectomy. Surg Endosc1989; 3: 131. Google Scholar 2. : Laparoscopic nephrectomy: initial report of pelviscopic organ ablation in the pig. J Endourol1990; 4: 247. Google Scholar © 2002 by American Urological Association, IncFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 167Issue 2 Part 2February 2002Page: 862 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2002 by American Urological Association, IncMetricsAuthor Information Ralph V. Clayman More articles by this author Louis R. Kavoussi More articles by this author Nathaniel J. Soper More articles by this author Stephen M. Dierks More articles by this author Shimon Meretyk More articles by this author Michael D. Darcy More articles by this author Stephanie R. Long More articles by this author Frederick D. Roemer More articles by this author Edward D. Pingleton More articles by this author Paul G. Thomson More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
An Analysis Method for Multistage Transonic Turbines With Coolant Mass Flow Addition (1998)

The subject of this paper is a numerical method for the calculation of the transonic flow field of multistage turbines, taking high coolant flow into account. To reduce the processing time, a throughflow method based on the principels of Wu is used for the hub-to-tip calculation. The flow field is obtained by an iterative solution between a three-dimensional inviscid hyperbolic time-dependent algorithm with an implicit finite volume method for the blade-to-blade calculations using C-meshes and a single representative meridional S2m-streamsurface. Along the S2m-plane with respect to nonorthogonal curvilinear coordinates, the stream function equation governing fluid flow is established. The cooling air inflow inside the blade passage forbids the assumption of a constant mass flow along the main stream direction. To consider the change of the aerodynamic and thermodynamic behavior, a cooling air model was developed and implemented in the algorithm, which allows the mixing of radially arbitrarily distributed cooling air in the trailing edge section of each blade row. The viscous effects and the influence of cooling air mixing are considered by the use of selected loss correlations for profile, tip leakage, secondary flow and mixing losses in the S2m-plane in terms of entropy. The method is applied to the four-stage high-temperature gas turbine Siemens KWU V84.3. The numerical results obtained are in good agreement with the experimental data.
Report of Advisory Committee on Soil Conservation Research, 1940–41 (1941)

The membership of the Committee has remained unchanged during the past year and consists of J. E. Church, W. W. Homer, A. F. Meyer, Caleb M. Saville, L. K. Sherman, Samuel Shulits, Roy N. Towl, F. J. Veihmeyer, and Robert E. Horton (Chairman). As heretofore, active work is performed chiefly by the Executive Sub‐Committee consisting of Messrs. Horner, Sherman, and Horton. It happens that during most of the past year the members of the Executive Sub‐Committee have been acting in a distinct capacity as Consultants on Flood Control of the Department of Agriculture. This has occasioned frequent visits to Washington and numerous discussions of research work of the Department of Agriculture, both in connection with the Soil Conservation Service and the Forest Service. Also the Executive Sub‐committee attended the Infiltration School conducted jointly by representatives of the Flood Control Division, Forest Service, and Research Division of the Department of Agriculture, at Asheville, North Carolina, in July, 1940
Effects of Deep Centers on <i>n</i>-Type GaP Schottky Barriers (1970)

Metal-n-type GaP barriers from 1.5 to 1.8 eV were obtained with Ag and Pt evaporated films. The barrier heights were measured using three different methods and found to be in agreement. The characteristics of the barriers were studied and the effect of deep centers on them investigated. Changes in capacitance in the dark and under illumination were studied and densities of centers present in the GaP crystals were measured. A deep center present in all of the crystals was detected and its cross section for electron capture was estimated. Hole-electron recombination currents were observed and investigated. The centers detected in these barriers could explain the characteristics and the measured hole-electron lifetime of ∼5×10−11 sec.
Metabolic Engineering of Folic Acid Production (2003)

Computer-aided metabolic flux analysis has suggested how to divert cell raw materials to elevate the production of folic acid in E. coli. One of the strategies, pyruvate kinase (PYK) deletion, is predicted to divert resources to increase folic acid production. This flux redirecting strategy is also consistent with elevating the precursors, phosphoenolpyruvate and erthyrose-4-phosphate, which provides the mass action potential to increase the product formation rate. Experimental measurement of folic acid released in the culture medium shows that deletion of pyruvate kinase activity from E. coli significantly increases folic acid production. These calculations and experimental results suggest that PYK deletion may be a good initial starting point for further enhancing folic acid production via metabolic engineering.
Studies of the synthesis and thermolysis of tris[tris(amino)phosphine]molybdenum tricarbonyls: synthesis of fac-[(iso-PrNH)3P]3Mo(CO)3 (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudies of the synthesis and thermolysis of tris[tris(amino)phosphine]molybdenum tricarbonyls: synthesis of fac-[(iso-PrNH)3P]3Mo(CO)3Abbas Tarassoli, Haw Jan Chen, Viloya S. Allured, Tara G. Hill, R. Curtis Haltiwanger, Martin L. Thompson, and Arlan D. NormanCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1986, 25, 19, 3541–3544Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1986https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00239a048Request reuse permissionsArticle Views73Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (524 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Fiber Optic Sensor for Measurement of Strain in Concrete Structures (1994)

First Name is required invalid characters Last Name is required invalid characters Email Address is required Invalid Email Address Invalid Email Address
Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 in the rat brain: Distribution of expression and functional implication (2012)

Glucagon-like-peptide 1 (GLP-1) is expressed not only in gut endocrine cells, but also in cells in the caudal brainstem and taste buds. To better understand the functions of central GLP-1, GLP-1 expression was immunohistochemically profiled in normal rat brain and its distribution correlated with FOS induction following systemic administration of a GLP-1 receptor agonist, exendin-4. In the present study, only a small number of GLP-1-immunoreactive cell bodies were observed in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS). However, these neurons send abundant projections to other regions of the brain, in particular the forebrain, including the paraventricular and dorsomedial nuclei of the hypothalamus, the central nucleus of the amygdala, the oval nucleus of the bed nuclei of the stria terminalis, and the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus. Intraperitoneal administration of exendin-4 resulted in extensive FOS expression in areas of the forebrain and the hindbrain. In the forebrain, FOS expression was largely confined to regions where a high density of GLP-1-immunoreactive terminals was also localized. The majority of GLP-1-immunoreactive cells in the NTS were not FOS-positive. FOS-positive cells appeared to represent a different population from those expressing GLP-1. Thus, GLP-1-containing neurons in the brainstem may not be involved in receiving and relaying to other regions of the brain the physiological signals of prandial GLP-1 secreted by intestinal L-cells. Projections of GLP-1-containing neurons to the distinctive structures in the forebrain imply that central GLP-1 may play an important role in the behavioral and metabolic integration of autonomic control and arousal in the rat.
Virtual-ground sensing techniques for a 49-ns/200-MHz access time 1.8-V 256-Mb 2-bit-per-cell flash memory (2004)

Fast and accurate read operation in 1.8-V 2-bit-per-cell virtual-ground flash memories requires techniques to substantially reduce the read margin loss due to the side-leakage current and the complementary-bit disturbance. The read margin loss caused by the combination effect of these two disturbance mechanisms is serious enough to eliminate the read margin window, which is already small when the power supply voltage is about 1.8 V and when a memory cell stores 2 bits. This paper introduces for the first time the sense current recovery technique to counteract the side-leakage current effect and the differential feedback cascoded bitline control technique to minimize the complementary-bit disturbance. A 1.8-V 256-Mb 2-bit-per-cell virtual-ground flash memory employing the two techniques has been integrated using 0.13-/spl mu/m CMOS technology. These two sensing techniques are essential for the memory to achieve 49-ns initial read access and 200-MHz internal burst read access. The die size is 52 mm/sup 2/ and the cell size is 0.121 /spl mu/m/sup 2/.
ChemInform Abstract: HYDROGEN SELENIDE ION AND COLLOIDAL SELENIUM IN THE CATALYTIC OXIDATION OF THIOLS (1985)

Abstract Zum Verständnis der biologischen Bedeutung von Selen als ein wesentliches Spurenelement trägt seine Fähigkeit bei, als ein katalytisches Reagens zu wirken.
A Highly Fluorescent Nucleobase Molecular Rotor (2020)

Fluorescent base analogs (FBAs) are powerful probes of nucleic acids' structures and dynamics. However, previously reported FBAs exhibit relatively low brightness and therefore limited sensitivity of detection. Here we report the hitherto brightest FBA that has ideal molecular rotor properties for detecting local dynamic motions associated with base pair mismatches. The new <i>trans</i>-stilbene annulated uracil derivative "<sup>ts</sup>T" exhibits bright fluorescence emissions in various solvents (ε × Φ = 3400-29 700 cm<sup>-1</sup> M<sup>-1</sup>) and is highly sensitive to mechanical motions in duplex DNA (ε × Φ = 150-4250 cm<sup>-1</sup> M<sup>-1</sup>). <sup>ts</sup>T is thereby a "smart" thymidine analog, exhibiting a 28-fold brighter fluorescence intensity when base paired with A as compared to T or C. Time-correlated single photon counting revealed that the fluorescence lifetime of <sup>ts</sup>T (τ = 4-11 ns) was shorter than its anisotropy decay in well-matched duplex DNA (θ = 20 ns), yet longer than the dynamic motions of base pair mismatches (0.1-10 ns). These properties enable unprecedented sensitivity in detecting local dynamics of nucleic acids.
Matrices With Small Coherence Using $p$-Ary Block Codes (2011)

In contrast to the vast amount of literature in random matrices in the field of compressed sensing, the subject of deterministic matrix design is at its early stages. Since these deterministic matrices are usually constructed using the polynomials in finite Galois fields, the number of rows (number of samples) is restricted to some specific integers such as prime powers. In this paper, besides extending a previous matrix design based on the binary BCH codes to the <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p</i> -ary codes, we introduce matrices with wide variety of options for the number of rows. Simulation results demonstrate that these matrices perform almost as well as random matrices.
Epithelial cell contact-induced alterations in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi lipopolysaccharide are critical for bacterial internalization (2001)

The invasion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi into epithelial cells depends on the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein as an epithelial receptor. In the case of P. aeruginosa, the bacterial ligand for CFTR is the outer core oligosaccharide portion of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS). To determine whether serovar Typhi LPS is also a bacterial ligand mediating internalization, we used both P. aeruginosa and serovar Typhi LPS as a competitive inhibitor of serovar Typhi invasion into the epithelial cell line T84. P. aeruginosa LPS containing a complete core efficiently inhibited serovar Typhi invasion. However, neither killed wild-type Typhi cells nor purified LPS were effective inhibitors. LPS from mutant Typhi strains defective in O side-chain synthesis, but with an apparently normal core, was capable of inhibiting invasion, but LPS obtained from a deeper rough mutant strain with alterations in fast-migrating core oligosaccharide failed to inhibit invasion. Lastly, exposure of wild-type serovar Typhi to T84 cultures before heat killing resulted in a structural alteration in its LPS that allowed the heat-killed cells to inhibit invasion of wild-type serovar Typhi. These data indicate that the serovar Typhi LPS core, like the P. aeruginosa LPS core, is a ligand mediating internalization of bacteria by epithelial cells, and that exposure of this ligand on wild-type Typhi is induced by the bacteria's interaction with host cells.
オートモーティブソフトウェアエンジニアリング : 原則、プロセス、手法、ツール : 日本語版 (2008)

１ 概説 ２ システムの基礎 ３ 電子システムとソフトウェアエンジニアリングのサポートプロセス ４ 電子システムとソフトウェアエンジニアリングのコアプロセス ５ 開発手法とツール ６ 生産と保守のための手法とツール ７ まとめと展望
Spectral distribution of the exponentially windowed sample covariance matrix (2012)

In this paper, we investigate the effect of applying an exponential window on the limiting spectral distribution (l.s.d.) of the exponentially windowed sample covariance matrix (SCM) of complex array data. We use recent advances in random matrix theory which describe the distribution of eigenvalues of the doubly correlated Wishart matrices. We derive an explicit expression for the l.s.d. of the noise-only data. Simulations are performed to support our theoretical claims.
Super-Resolution via Conditional Implicit Maximum Likelihood Estimation (2018)

Single-image super-resolution (SISR) is a canonical problem with diverse applications. Leading methods like SRGAN produce images that contain various artifacts, such as high-frequency noise, hallucinated colours and shape distortions, which adversely affect the realism of the result. In this paper, we propose an alternative approach based on an extension of the method of Implicit Maximum Likelihood Estimation (IMLE). We demonstrate greater effectiveness at noise reduction and preservation of the original colours and shapes, yielding more realistic super-resolved images.
Optimization of the relative acquisition duration for PET/CT imaging in oncology (2005)

In optimizing the PET acquisition in FDG PET/CT imaging there are a number of variables to be considered, such as the injected dose. Noise equivalent count rates (NECR) measured using the NEMA 2001 NU2 standard relate activity concentrations to peak achievable NECR. The optimal dose will generally vary both from NEMA and from patient to patient. However precise uptake times may not always be achievable in practice and the optimum dose for the individual bed positions may not generally be optimized simultaneously. Furthermore differences remain in the maximum achievable NECR for patients of different weights, assuming a common acquisition duration. One possibility to further achieve uniformity of image quality is to adopt different imaging durations, both in terms of the total imaging time for different patients and also for different acquired bed positions within each patient. Modeling the dependence of the clinical count rates on patient weight and axial anatomical locations leads to predicted optimized imaging times for equalizing the NECR. To equalize image quality, defined for this purpose as equalizing the signal to noise ratio in relatively homogeneous regions such as the liver, spleen and vertebral marrow, these imaging times are further corrected to account for variations in the absolute activity concentration which approximately correlates with the lean body mass
The stability of memristive multidirectional associative memory neural networks with time-varying delays in the leakage terms via sampled-data control (2018)

In this paper, we propose a new model of memristive multidirectional associative memory neural networks, which concludes the time-varying delays in leakage terms via sampled-data control. We use the input delay method to turn the sampling system into a continuous time-delaying system. Then we analyze the exponential stability and asymptotic stability of the equilibrium points for this model. By constructing a suitable Lyapunov function, using the Lyapunov stability theorem and some inequality techniques, some sufficient criteria for ensuring the stability of equilibrium points are obtained. Finally, numerical examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of our results.
Intraocular lens power calculation after myopic laser in situ keratomileusis: Estimating the corneal refractive power (2008)

The regression formula based on ACCP3mm and DeltaSE was very accurate in predicting refractive corneal power after myopic LASIK followed by formulas based on ACCP3mm alone and SimK and DeltaSE, all of which consolidate the validity of similar previously suggested methods, including EffRPadjusted.
P51.03: The management and treatment of fetal hemolytic disease due to anti‐Ku alloimmunization with serial intrauterine transfusions to the fetus and recombinant erythropoietin to the mother (2007)

The management of a pregnant woman with the rare Knull phenotype and Ku alloimmunization is difficult, since compatible Ko RBCs are extremely rare, and the risk of fetal hemolytic disease is high. A 30-year-old woman, gravida 4, para 1, with rare Ko (Knull) phenotype presented at 18 weeks' gestation with (+) indirect agglutination test results. She had anti-Ku due to previous blood transfusion, after a car accident. During this pregnancy anti-Ku titres ranged from 1/1024 to 1/4096. Ultrasound scans until 23 weeks' gestation were normal. At 26 + 2 weeks the fetus had developed hydrops fetalis with marked ascites, bilateral pleural effusions, and pericardial fluid. There was also cardiac dilatation, nuchal edema, placentomegaly, polyhydramnios and the PSV in the MCA was increased well above the 95th centile for gestation (66.5 cm/s). At that time the mother's anti-Ku titer had increased to 1/4096. An urgent exchange intrauterine transfusion (IT) was performed using the maternal RBCs. Recombinant erythropoietin (rh-Epo) and IV iron was administered to the mother to ensure an adequate supply of compatible RBCs for the following ITs, which were repeated every 1–3 weeks. By 35 + 2 weeks of gestation the mother had donated 4 units of blood, and 4 ITs had been performed. The abnormal sonographic findings had been almost disappeared 1 week after the 1st IT. A healthy male newborn was born after a Cesarean section at 37 weeks' gestation. He was treated with phototherapy but without exchange transfusions. By the 15th day of life rh-Epo was administrated to the newborn due to anemia. The maternal RBCs completely disappeared from the child's blood by day 100. In conclusion, serial ITs with the use of maternal RBCs is an effective source of blood for fetal transfusion when hemolytic anemia is life threatening. The use of rh-Epo and IV Fe can effectively increase mother's capacity to donate RBCs' for autologous use at delivery if required and for in utero transfusing the fetus.