gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Brain surface cortical sulcal lengths: quantification with three-dimensional MR imaging. (1991)

The repeatability and accuracy of brain surface cortical sulcal length measurements obtained with three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions of volumetric, gradient-echo magnetic resonance (MR) images were tested. The brains of eight healthy adult volunteers and one cadaver were imaged in both the coronal and sagittal planes to yield a set of 128 1.5-2.0-mm-thick contiguous sections. 3D reconstructions of the brain cerebral cortical surfaces were obtained with computer software. Location and distance measurements of surface sulci were repeated on each reconstructed image. The same structures in the cadaver brain were independently measured with a 3D electromagnetic digitizer to validate the results of the 3D MR imaging method. All measurements from reconstructed images had high repeatability, and there were no statistically significant differences between measurement trials. The accuracy of measurements with 3D MR imaging was also good; the mean difference between digitizer and 3D MR measurements for sulcal lengths was 0.81 cm (average, 5.45-12.9 cm).
New Titanium Catalysts Containing Tetrazole for Cycloaddition of CO<sub>2</sub> to Epoxides (2013)

A series of new half-sandwich titanocene [(η5-C5H5)TiLCl2] (1) and nonorganometallic titanium complexes [TiLCl3(THF)] (2) and [TiL2Cl2] (3) containing 5-(2-hydroxyphenyl)tetrazole (LH) were synthesized in high yield and fully characterized by various spectroscopic methods and X-ray crystallography. In all complexes, the ligand L acted as a monoanionic bidentate ligand and hydrogen bonding between the oxygen of the tetrahydrofuran and hydrogen of the tetrazolyl unit was observed. In the cycloaddition of CO2 to propylene oxide, complex 3 showed the highest activity among the reported Ti complexes.
Photosensitivity in systemic lupus erythematosus (2011)

shoulders in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus.
High Productivity of t-PA in CHO Cells Using Hypoxia Response Element (2006)

The dissolved oxygen level of any cell culture environment has a critical effect on cellular metabolism. Specifically, hypoxia condition decreases cell viability and recombinant protein productivity. In this work, to develop CHO cells producing recombinant protein with high productivity, mammalian expression vectors containing a human tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) gene with hypoxia response element (HRE) were constructed and stably transfected into CHO cells. CHO/2HRE-t-PA cells produced 2-folds higher recombinant t-PA production than CHO/t-PA cells in a Ba 2+ -alginate immobilized culture, and 16.8-folds in a repeated batch culture. In a non-aerated batch culture of suspension-adapted cells, t-PA productivity of CHO/2HRE/t-PA cells was 4.2-folds higher than that of CHO/t-PA cells. Our results indicate that HRE is a useful tool for the enhancement of protein productivity in mammalian cell cultures.
Peripheral Binding and Transport of the Thyroid Hormones. (1963)

s1 April 1963Peripheral Binding and Transport of the Thyroid Hormones.S. H. Ingbar, M.D.S. H. Ingbar, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-58-4-718_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe past decade has brought increasing recognition of the role played by peripheral transport mechanisms in the regulation of thyroid hormone economy. Electrophoretic studies of serum have revealed the presence of 2 proteins, thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) and thyroxine-binding pre-albumin (TBPA), which together bind all but a small fraction of the thyroxine in the blood. Protein-bound thyroxine is in equilibrium with a very low concentration of "free" or unbound thyroxine. The concentration of the latter varies inversely with the binding activities of TBG and TBPA and directly with the total concentration of hormone in the blood. Considerable evidence suggests that bound... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Boston, Mass. (BS) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1963Volume 58, Issue 4Page: 718-719KeywordsAttentionBloodGlobulinsHormonesProteinsSerum proteinsThyroid hormonesThyroxine Issue Published: 1 April 1963 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Observation of Heat-Induced Particle Resuspension and Transport in a Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition Chamber (2005)

The influences of gas viscous force, thermal stress, and plasma electrostatic force on heat-induced particle resuspension and transport in a plasma chemical vapor deposition (CVD) chamber were studied experimentally. Using an in situ particle measurement system in a plasma CVD chamber based on a laser light scattering method, it was observed that silica particles with a diameter of 600 nm dispersed on a wafer were resuspended when the wafer was heated. At a wafer temperature of 573 K, when the pressure in the chamber was being changed, the removal ratio of particles from the wafer exhibited a weak dependence on pressure in the range from 13.3 Pa (0.1 Torr) to 1.33 kPa (10 Torr). A theoretical calculation based on thermophoresis that considers a temperature jump could explain the trend of the experimental results. Since the removal ratio of particles from the wafer is greater with larger difference in the linear coefficients of thermal expansion between the wafer and the particles, it is considered that the particles are separated from the wafer due to thermal stress and are scattered towards the upper electrode by the force of thermophoresis. It has also been revealed that, when plasma discharge is applied, the removal ratio of particles is reduced due to the electrostatic force of charged particles.
ChemInform Abstract: ZENTRALNERVENSYST.‐DEPRESSIVA 9. MITT. BENZODIAZEPIN‐SULFONAMIDE (1971)

Abstract Die zwei Benzodiazepin‐7‐sulfonamide (V) und (VII) werden aus Benzisoxazol (II) gemäß dem Schema synthetisiert.
<title>Computer-Generated Holograms For Space-Variant Interconnections In Optical Logic Systems</title> (1983)

Interest in optical logic systems has been revived recently for several reasons. One major reason is that optics provides a means for overcoming the communication bottlenecks which are beginning to limit the development of electronic systems both at the chip level and at higher levels. This stems from the fact that an optical system in effect processes a large number of independent parallel channels. However, in attempting to implement optical interconnection networks, one is quickly faced with the need to realize space-variant interconnections. In this paper we describe various means of achieving space-variant interconnections for optical logic systems. All of the techniques use computer-generated holograms (CGH) as combination beam-splitting and beam directing elements. The space-variance can be obtained with either a direct approach where a separate CGH element forms the interconnections for each logic element, or with a basis set approach which provides significant reductions in the CGH storage requirements. Examples of the different approaches are discussed.
Mechanics of Transcription Termination (2009)

Termination signals encoded in DNA that do not require additional protein factors are called intrinsic terminators. Genomic analyses show that in bacteria and bacteriophages intrinsic terminators specify the ends of about half of all annotated protein-encoding transcription units and 70% of non-codi...
Sudden-Onset Fatal Asthma: A Distinct Entity with Few Eosinophils and Relatively More Neutrophils in the Airway Submucosa? (1993)

To determine the histologic differences in the airways of patients who died from sudden-onset asthma and the more common slow-onset asthma, we studied seven cases of fatal asthma. The numbers of eosinophils and neutrophils, as well as extracellular deposition of their respective granule contents in the airway mucosa and submucosa, were determined and statistically analyzed. Four of the seven patients had slow-onset asthma attacks in which the time interval between onset of asthma and death was more than 2.5 h. In contrast, three patients had sudden-onset asthma in which the time interval between onset of asthma attack and death was less than 1 h. The four patients with slow-onset fatal asthma had more eosinophils (34.1 +/- 6.3 in slow-onset; 9.7 +/- 3.5 in sudden-onset; p = 0.002) and fewer neutrophils (4.8 +/- 2.0 in slow-onset; 16.8 +/- 5.4 in sudden-onset; p = 0.008) in the airway submucosa than did patients with sudden-onset fatal asthma. In addition, within the slow-onset fatal asthma group, eosinophils exceeded neutrophils in the airway submucosa (eosinophils > neutrophils, p = 0.002). By contrast, within the sudden-onset fatal asthma group, neutrophils exceeded eosinophils (neutrophils > eosinophils, p = 0.04). We suggest that sudden-onset fatal asthma is immunohistologically distinct from slow-onset fatal asthma and that it is characterized by a relative paucity of eosinophils in the face of an excess of neutrophils in the airway submucosa.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
BACTERIOSTATS: III. OXYAMINES AND THEIR DERIVATIVES (1960)

A number of benzyloxyamines were prepared for conversion into urea and thiourea derivatives. The benzyloxyamine hydrochlorides on treatment with phosgene gave a mixture of the corresponding benzyl 4-(benzyloxy)-allophanate and benzyloxycarbamyl chloride. Triethylamine converted the benzyloxycarbamyl chlorides into the corresponding 1,3,5-tri-(benzyloxy)-isocyanuric acids. The reactions of the allophanates with amines and sodium hydroxide are described.
Functional rehabilitation - what's in a name? (1996)

In recent years there has been a tendency for physiotherapists and other health care providers to utilise specific terminology to define a specific skill or procedure and provide a "packaged" intervention program. Functional rehabilitation is one of the more recent packages. How this terminology is used and by whom may influence the physiotherapist's role in the provision of health care in the rehabilitation setting.
Cardiac tissue characterization using near-infrared spectroscopy (2014)

Cardiac tissue from swine and canine hearts were assessed using diffuse reflectance near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) <i>ex vivo</i>. Slope measured between 800-880 nm reflectance was found to reveal differences between epicardial fat and normal myocardium tissue. This parameter was observed to increase monotonically from measurements obtained from the onset of radiofrequency ablation (RFA). A sheathe-style fiber optic catheter was then developed to allow real-time sampling of the zone of resistive heating during RFA treatment. A model was developed and used to extract changes in tissue absorption and reduced scattering based on the steady-state diffusion approximation. It was found that key changes in tissue optical properties occur during application of RF energy and can be monitored using NIRS. These results encourage the development of NIRS integrated catheters for real-time guidance of the cardiac ablation treatment.
Purification of Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Factor from Beef Hypothalamus. (1964)

The LH-releasing factor (LH-RF) in crude acidic extracts of beef stalk-median eminence was purified. Extract was first subjected to extensive heat treatment to inactivate LH, and the pH was adjusted to neutrality to decrease contamination with protein. The resultant clear supernatant was placed on a column of sephadex G-25, and gel filtration was performed using 1 MH Ac as the solvent. LH-releasing activity was determined both by ovarian ascorbic acid depletion following i.v. injection of fractions into immature females pretreated with gonadotro-phins and by the increment in plasma LH activity which followed i.v. injection of extract into ovariectomized, estrogen progesterone-blocked rats. The peak of LH-releasing activity was found to overlap that of pressor activity but was displaced slightly so that some fractions with LH-releasing activity were devoid of pressor activity. Fractions with LH-releasing activity were devoid of ACTH-releasing activity even when the dose was increased to five times the MED for LH release. It was concluded that the LH-RF is a small polypeptide dissimilar from vaso-pressin and CRF.
Analyzer-based phase-contrast imaging system using a micro focus x-ray source (2014)

Here we describe a new in-laboratory analyzer based phase contrast-imaging (ABI) instrument using a conventional X-ray tube source (CXS) aimed at bio-medical imaging applications. Phase contrast-imaging allows visualization of soft tissue details usually obscured in conventional X-ray imaging. The ABI system design and major features are described in detail. The key advantage of the presented system, over the few existing CXS ABI systems, is that it does not require high precision components, i.e., CXS, X-ray detector, and electro-mechanical components. To overcome a main problem introduced by these components, identified as temperature stability, the system components are kept at a constant temperature inside of three enclosures, thus minimizing the electrical and mechanical thermal drifts. This is achieved by using thermoelectric (Peltier) cooling/heating modules that are easy to control precisely. For CXS we utilized a microfocus X-ray source with tungsten (W) anode material. In addition the proposed system eliminates tungsten's multiple spectral lines by selecting monochromator crystal size appropriately therefore eliminating need for the costly mismatched, two-crystal monochromator. The system imaging was fine-tuned for tungsten Kα1 line with the energy of 59.3 keV since it has been shown to be of great clinical significance by a number of researchers at synchrotron facilities. In this way a laboratory system that can be used for evaluating and quantifying tissue properties, initially explored at synchrotron facilities, would be of great interest to a larger research community. To demonstrate the imaging capability of our instrument we use a chicken thigh tissue sample.
Smart Nodes: A System for Variable Structural Frames with 3D Metal-Printed Nodes (2014)

The SmartNodes research explores the potentials for highly-designed, customized connection nodes to be used in combination with standardized components in enabling a system of highly differentiated structures. This paper reports on the design workflow and research in progress towards the development of a prototype structure.
I. Rheumatoid Arthritis (2015)

関節リウマチ（rheumatoid arthritis：RA）は，関節滑膜を病変の主座とする炎症性疾患である．関節破壊は，最初の1～3年間の進行が最も顕著である．最近では早期診断が可能となり，早期から積極的にメトトレキサート（methotrexate：MTX）などの抗リウマチ薬を使用する．また，治療抵抗性の場合には，生物学的製剤の導入によって高い寛解導入率が得られる．治療は，「関節リウマチ診療ガイドライン2014」に準じて行われる．
Diversity-oriented natural product platform identifies plant constituents targeting Plasmodium falciparum (2016)

These results demonstrate the value of curating and exploring a library of natural products for small molecule drug discovery. Attention given to the diversity of plant species represented in the library, focus on practical analytical data collection, and the use of counter-screens all facilitate the identification of anti-malarial compounds for lead development or new tools for chemical biology.
Case-Matched Outcomes in Bariatric Surgery for Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes in the Morbidly Obese Patient (2011)

This study provides an important perspective about the comparative efficacy of LAGB, DS, and NSC to the RYGB for treatment of T2DM among obese patients. After 1 year of follow-up, RYGB is superior to NSC and LAGB with respect to weight loss and improvement in diabetes whereas DS is superior to RYGB in reducing HbA1C and medication score.
Endogenous Formation of Δ<sup>5,7,24</sup>-Cholestatrien-3βol (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEndogenous Formation of Δ5,7,24-Cholestatrien-3βolD. Dvornik, M. Kraml, and J. F. BagliCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1964, 86, 13, 2739–2741Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01067a058https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01067a058research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views40Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The C=O stretching vibration of aromaric α,β-unsaturated carbonyl and arylfurancarbonyl compounds (1979)

Wavenumbers of the C=O stretching fundamental in the series of 145 conformers of aromatic α,β-unsaturated carbonyl and arylfurancarbonyl compounds were investigated in terms of Yukawa-Tsuno structure-reactivity equation. The parameters of these correlation were compared with the results obtained using Hammett or Brown equation. The separation and the transmission of normal and resonance substituent effects have been discussed in the individual series.
Electrochemical Deposition and Characterization of Mixed-Valent Rhenium Oxide Films Prepared from a Perrhenate Solution (2007)

Cathodic electrodeposition of mixed-valent rhenium oxides at indium tin oxide, gold, rhenium, and glassy carbon electrodes from acidic perrhenate solutions (pH = 1.5 +/- 0.1) prepared from hydrogen peroxide and zerovalent rhenium metal is described. Cyclic voltammetry, variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry (VASE), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV-vis spectroelectrochemistry, and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) data indicate that the chemical nature of the electrodeposited rhenium species depends mainly upon the potential and supporting electrolyte. The presence of SO4(2-) as a supporting electrolyte inhibits the adsorption of perrhenate, ReO4-, at non-hydrogen adsorbing electrode materials. However, in acidic perrhenate solutions containing only protons and ReO4- anions, strong adsorption of ReO4- at potentials preceding hydrogen evolution occurs. This leads to the formation of an unstable ReIII2O3 intermediate which catalytically disproportionates to form mixed-valent rhenium films consisting of 72% ReIVO2 and 28% Re0. During the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), hydrogen polarization causes the principle deposit to be more reduced, consisting of roughly 64% ReIVO2 and 36% Re0. Conclusively, metallic rhenium can be deposited at potentials preceding the HER at non-hydrogen adsorbing electrode materials, especially in the absence of SO4(2-) anions.
Adipogenic healing in adult mice by implantation of hollow devices in muscle (2002)

In mammals, wound healing is thought to result in the formation of scar tissue, with the exception of bony healing after fractures. Here we describe a previously unknown pattern of wound healing in which adipose rather than scar tissue is formed. Adipogenesis is normally confined to the embryo, although there are several experimental models for adipogenesis with highly specific dietary, cytokine, matrix, sex, or age requirements. The adipogenic healing described in this work provides a simple and reproducible experimental mouse model for adipogenesis without these limitations. Mice received intramuscular implants of nylon mesh material. Fibrinous material impregnated implants and within 4 weeks was replaced with highly vascular granulation tissue, typical of wound healing. Also consistent with wound healing was a reduction in vascularity of the newly formed tissue over time (P < 0.05). Lipoblasts were prevalent in granulation tissue, reaching a maximum in week 2 (P < 0.001) but falling to very low levels by week 9. These cells matured to adipocytes, with intermediate forms being seen. The identity of lipoblasts and adipocytes was confirmed by Oil Red O staining and electron microscopy. Control experiments confirmed that adipogenesis was independent of the materials used as well as of the sex and age of the animals. Rather, adipogenesis appeared to be due to replacement of fibrinous material in a space created within muscle. It is possible that adipogenic healing represents an adaptation for limiting the formation of restrictive scar tissues within muscle, and that this is the basis for the formation of traumatic lipomas in humans. Also, muscle tissue is replaced by adipose cells, seemingly derived from pluripotential satellite cells, in several degenerative muscle conditions, suggesting a role for adipogenic healing in these conditions.
ι-Aminoalkylagaroses in the purification of L-histidinol-phosphate aminotransferase (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTι-Aminoalkylagaroses in the purification of L-histidinol-phosphate aminotransferaseGary B. Henderson, Shmuel Shaltiel, and Esmond E. SnellCite this: Biochemistry 1974, 13, 21, 4335–4338Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00718a015https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00718a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views26Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Experimental validation of an algorithm for cooperative boundary tracking (2005)

This paper demonstrates the test bed implementation of a simple algorithm for cooperatively locating and following environmental boundary in two-dimensional space. The algorithm alternates between clockwise and counterclockwise motion along circular paths. By switching the orientation of rotation upon crossing the boundary, a vehicle is able to continue along its search. Coordination is achieved by changing vehicle speeds depending on the location of other vehicles.