gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Power-law behavior and scaling of dielectric response in the dipolar glass<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Rb</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mi>−</mml:mi><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">ND</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">D</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">PO</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (1998)

It is shown that the low-frequency dielectric loss in the dipolar glass ${\mathrm{Rb}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}({\mathrm{ND}}_{4}{)}_{x}{\mathrm{D}}_{2}{\mathrm{PO}}_{4}$ obeys the power law ${\ensuremath{\chi}}^{\ensuremath{''}}=A{\ensuremath{\omega}}^{\ensuremath{\sigma}},$ and satisfies dynamic scaling in a broad frequency and temperature range. Values of $\ensuremath{\sigma}(T)$ and $A(T)$ are in agreement with the predictions of dynamic mean-field theory of dipolar glasses.
Hybrid Method for Multi-Target Parametric Design (1993)

Abstract This paper examines optimization techniques for parametric design based on statistical, mathematical, and heuristic models. A hybrid method is then proposed based on the strengths of several of these approaches. The new method, called multi-target parametric design method, combines Taguchi’s methodology, conventional (mathematical) optimization methods, and MANOVA statistical technique. It can be used to optimize composite utility functions, while satisfying the quality requirements. The method involves three main steps. First, by applying Taguchi’s method, the optimal quality is determined with a certain set of control variables. Second, these variables are transformed into variable constraints through a relaxing process. Finally, the optimization problem is solved for other design targets under these constraints, using conventional mathematical optimization methods or the Taguchi method.
Enzymes and fungal virulence (2003)

This paper presents a comprehensive literature review of cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDEs). Plant pathogenic fungi secrete extracellular enzymes that are capable of degrading the cell walls of their host plants. These CWDEs may be necessary for penetration of the cell wall barrier, as well as for generation of simple molecules that can be assimilated for growth. Most of these enzymes are substrate-inducible and both specific and global regulators control their expression. CWDE-inhibitors have been isolated from plants and some evidence indicates that they are components of general resistance. (Journal of Applied Sciences & Environmental Management: 2003 7(1): 5-8)
Ocular Adnexal Lymphoma Staging and Treatment: American Joint Committee on Cancer versus Ann Arbor (2013)

Regardless of stage, recurrence and disease-free survival were more closely related to treatment and histopathology rather than tumor size or site-specific location.
Characterization of Damage Accumulation in a C/SiC Composite at Elevated Temperatures (1997)

This research is part of a program aimed to evaluate and demonstrate the ability of candidate CMC materials for a variety of applications in reusable launch vehicles. The life and durability of these materials in rocket and engine applications are of major concern and there is a need to develop and validate life prediction methodology. In this study, material characterization and mechanical testing was performed in order to identify the failure modes, degradation mechanisms, and progression of damage in a C/SiC composite at elevated temperatures. The motivation for this work is to provide the relevant damage information that will form the basis for the development of a physically based life prediction methodology.
Ni Nanoparticles Coated with Nitrogen-Doped Carbon for Optical Limiting Applications (2020)

In this work, we demonstrate the importance of the free carrier absorption (FCA) process in the nonlinear optical absorption (NLA) behavior of carbonaceous nanomaterials synthesized by pyrolysis at different heating rates (Rh = 1, 3, 10, and 20 °C/min). The chemical vapor deposition reaction through the pyrolysis of Ni(II) acetylacetonate, melamine, and toluene precursors was carried out at 600 °C, which leads to different carbonaceous nanostructures embedded with graphite-encapsulated Ni nanoparticles (Ni@C samples). A lower Rh (1 and 3 °C/min) value leads to the formation of globular carbon aggregates embedded with core–shell-type Ni–graphite nanoparticles, whereas a high Rh (10 and 20 °C/min) value leads to the formation of carbon nanotubes embedded with similar Ni–graphite core–shell nanoparticles. The samples prepared at moderate heating rates of 3 and 10 °C/min show prominently high NLA than those prepared at very slow or very fast (1 and 20 °C/min) heating rates. According to our results, the quality (and the amount) of graphitization and nitrogen defect centers enhance the NLA behavior of the Ni@C samples. This result is obtained through the enhancement of excited-state absorption (ESA) behavior of the samples due to the introduction of defect states within the band gap of the graphite layer. More importantly, the metallic Ni nanoparticles help in drastically enhancing the NLA through the FCA process. To prove this supposition, we demonstrated that the presence of any dielectric phase (e.g., NiO) within the metallic nanoparticles (or within the sample) acts as a barrier to FCA, thereby reducing the NLA. Our work highlights the importance of synthesis conditions (optimized heating rate), especially in controlling the quality of graphitization and the embedded metallic Ni particles in the Ni@C samples in enhancing the NLA. Furthermore, through the mechanistic insights, we emphasized the potential use of our Ni@C samples for optical limiting applications because of their excellent NLA behavior originating through the FCA and ESA processes.
Photodetection with 5-Aminolevulinic Acid-induced Protoporphyrin IX in the Rat Abdominal Cavity: Drug-dose-dependent Fluorescence Kinetics¶ (2000)

In 75% of cases, ovarian carcinoma has already metastasized in the abdominal cavity at the time of diagnosis. For determination of the necessity for a supplementary therapy, in addition to surgical resection, it is important to localize and stage microscopical intraperitoneal metastases of the tumor. Intraperitoneal photodetection of tumor metastases is based on preferential tumor distribution of a fluorescent tumor marker. The time-dependent differences in drug concentration between tumor and normal (T/N) tissues can be used to visualize small tumors. We performed fluorescence measurements on abdominal organs and tumor in the peritoneal cavity of rats. 5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA)-induced protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) was used as the fluorescent marker. Three different drug doses (100, 25 and 5 mg/kg) were used and PpIX fluorescence profiles were followed up to 24 h after intravenous administration. Maximum T/N ratios were found 2-3 h after administration of ALA with all drug doses. A significant T/N tissue contrast was obtained for all abdominal organs tested after administration of 5 mg/kg.
Cepstrum third-order normalisation methodfor noisy speech recognition (1999)

A new cepstrum normalisation method is proposed which can be used to compensate for distortion caused by additive noise. Conventional methods only compensate for the deviation of the cepstral mean and/or variance. However, deviations of higher order moments also exist in noisy speech signals. The proposed method normalises the cepstrum up to its third-order moment, providing closer probability density functions between clean and noisy cepstra than is possible using conventional methods. From the speaker-independent isolated-word recognition experiments, it is shown that the proposed method gives improved performance compared with that of conventional methods, especially in heavy noise environments.
Diagnosis of Myocardial Contusion (1992)

Prior studies from our institution have shown that single photon emission computed tomography is sensitive (100%) in predicting patients at risk for serious arrhythmias. However, the positive predictive value is low (15% to 20%). The purpose of this study was to determine if quantitative analysis of single photon emission computed tomographic defects could improve predictive value. One hundred seventy-five patients with positive single photon emission computed tomographic scans were studied. One hundred two patients developed arrhythmias, 42 of which were ventricular. Arrhythmias were associated with all defect loci and all defect sizes. The incidence of arrhythmias did increase with increasing size. Patients were at risk for arrhythmias up to 72 hours after trauma. The value of single photon emission computed tomography is its ability to predict patients at risk for arrhythmias. This study shows that any single photon emission computed tomographic defect, regardless of location or size, is a significant predictor of arrhythmias.
Preparation of the chitosan containing nanofibers by electrospinning chitosan–gelatin complexes (2010)

Abstract Electrospinning is an interesting technique, which provides a facile and an effective mean in producing nonwoven fibrous materials; however, for producing nanofibers, investigation of the electrospinning conditions is very important. In this study, chitosan, gelatin, and their polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) were electrospun to prepare nonwoven nanofibrous mats. The concentrations of chitosan and gelatin solutions and electric field (kV/cm) were optimized. The solutions were then blended in different ratios (0–100%) to get electrospun nanofibrous mats. Solution concentration and electric field showed pronounced effect on the electrospinnability and fiber diameter of these systems. Mostly large beads coexisted with the fibers were observed for chitosan at 1 wt% solution concentration, which then showed good electrospinnability at 2 wt% (nanofiber diameter was 145 and 122 nm at 15 and 20 kV/10 cm, respectively), whereas gelatin showed no electrospinnability below 15 wt% solution concentration and a homogenous fibers network at 15 wt% (149 nm at 20 kV/10 cm). The morphology and diameter of chitosan–gelatin PEC nanofibers varied with the chitosan/gelatin ratio. The crystallinity of chitosan was also observed to reduce with electrospinning and addition of gelatin. POLYM. ENG. SCI. 50:1887–1893, 2010. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers
Robust framework for quantitative analysis of optical mapping signals without filtering (2015)

Experimental studies with in-vitro isolated hearts using optical mapping techniques have had a significant impact on our understanding of cardiac electrophysiology. The trans-membrane voltage Vm, and intracellular free calcium concentration [Cai]+2 signals obtained from optical mapping experiments can often be corrupted with noise. This is mostly due to the small light intensities and very short exposure times when high speed cameras are used at frames rates of 500-1000 fps. In addition, for small preparations or recordings of small areas, the noise floor levels are even greater and can be comparable to the amplitude of the signal (S/N ≈1). In general strong spatial and temporal filtering is necessary to remove the noise at the expenses of signal degradation and loss of critical information especially at high frequencies that are of a particular interest. In this paper we present and analyze an oversampling image processing technique where due to the cycling processes in cardiac activity during steady state dynamics we are able to stack (sum up) the images recorded at specific equidistant time intervals. The stacking process reduces the noise effectively as the square root of the number of stacked images used. We show that no spatial or temporal filtering is needed to obtain useful data with the stacking technique that allows us to resolve information on a time scale only limited with a sampling rate.
Life Expectancy in the Spouses of Veterans (2018)

Comparison of quality of life, depression, stress, anxiety... [2] Experiences of military spouses of veterans with ... [3] Quality of life of caregiver spouses of veterans ... [4] Amouchie. Secondary traumatic stress, dissociative ... [5] The role of coping, resilience, and social ... [6] The role of religious orientation and life expectancy ... [7] The role of hope, loneliness feeling and their components ... [8] Spousal mindfulness and social support in ... [9] The relationship between mindfulness and ... [10] You can't always get what you want, but can ... [11] Relationship, social support and personality as ... [12] Correlation of social support with social health ... [13] The relationship between social support and marital ... [14] Relationship between social support and quality of life dimensions ... [15] Partridge K. Letting go: Mindfulness and ... [16
Multidimensional SuFEx Click Chemistry: Sequential Sulfur(VI) Fluoride Exchange Connections of Diverse Modules Launched From An SOF<sub>4</sub> Hub (2017)

Sulfur(VI) fluoride exchange (SuFEx) is a new family of click chemistry based transformations that enable the synthesis of covalently linked modules via S<sup>VI</sup> hubs. Here we report thionyl tetrafluoride (SOF<sub>4</sub> ) as the first multidimensional SuFEx connector. SOF<sub>4</sub> sits between the commercially mass-produced gases SF<sub>6</sub> and SO<sub>2</sub> F<sub>2</sub> , and like them, is readily synthesized on scale. Under SuFEx catalysis conditions, SOF<sub>4</sub> reliably seeks out primary amino groups [R-NH<sub>2</sub> ] and becomes permanently anchored via a tetrahedral iminosulfur(VI) link: R-N=(O=)S(F)<sub>2</sub> . The pendant, prochiral difluoride groups R-N=(O=)SF<sub>2</sub> , in turn, offer two further SuFExable handles, which can be sequentially exchanged to create 3-dimensional covalent departure vectors from the tetrahedral sulfur(VI) hub.
Fiber-optic evanescent wave gas spectroscopy (1985)

Methane gas is detected by the spectroscopic method using evanescent waves of optical fiber. The sensor consists of a single silica fiber with small cladding diameter and operates at the He-Ne 3.39µm line.
ChemInform Abstract: The Effects of the Nature of Catalyst and of the Solvent on the Stereoselectivity in Amine‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Synthesis of Some Substituted Cyclohexa‐1,3‐dienes from Prenal and Monoalkyl Ylidenemalonates. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Structure of the O-antigen polysaccharide present in the lipopolysaccharide of<i>Cronobacter dublinensis</i>(subspecies<i>lactaridi</i>or<i>lausannensis</i>) HPB 3169 (2012)

Cronobacter dublinensis (formerly Enterobacter sakazakii) HPB 3169 is a pathogenic Gram-negative bacterium that produces a smooth-type lipopolysaccharide in which the antigenic O-polysaccharide component was determined to be a repeating pentasaccharide unit composed of L-rhamnose; 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose; 3,6-dideoxy-3-(R)-3-hydroxybutyramido-D-glucose; and 3-deoxy-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid in the respective molar ratio 2:1:1:1. Chemical and 2D NMR analyses of the O-polysaccharide and a pentasaccharide derived by the mild acid hydrolysis of the ketosyl linkage of the Kdo (3-deoxy-D-manno-2-octulosonic acid) residue in the O-polysaccharide established that the O-antigen is a high molecular mass unbranched polymer of a repeating pentasaccharide unit and has the structure [see formula in text] where Bu is a (R)-3-hydroxybutanoyl substituent. The O-antigen is structurally similar to that of the recently reported Cronobacter sakazakii strain G706 (designated as serotype O5), except that in strain G706 the d-Qui3N is in its N-acetyl form, in contrast to its presence as a 3-deoxy-3-(R)-3-hydroxybutyramido derivative in the C. sakazakii HPB 3169 strain O-antigen.
Chemoprotective effects of KF41399, a derivative of carbazole compounds, on nimustine-induced thrombocytopenia (2000)

Abstract We examined the chemoprotective effects of KF41399, a novel derivative of carbazole compounds, on severe thrombocytopenia induced by nimustine (ACNU, 45 mg/kg administered for 2 consecutive days intravenously) in mice. Administration schedule studies revealed that pretreatment of mice with KF41399 was necessary to improve thrombocytopenia. Oral administration of KF41399 ameliorated thrombocytopenia induced by ACNU and accelerated the rate of platelet recovery in a dose-dependent fashion. In addition, KF41399 pretreatment improved the decrease in body weight and spleen weight and in the colony-forming activity of bone marrow mononuclear cells (MNC). Oral administration of KF41399 to normal mice induced G0/G1-phase accumulation of MNC as well as hematopoietic progenitor cells (lineage negative cells [Lin−]) and reduced the colony-forming activity of MNC. In Lin− cells derived from KF41399-treated mice, up-regulation of Bcl-2 and down-regulation of cyclin E and cyclin A proteins were observed. In the same cells, a decrease in the phosphorylated form of Rb protein and an increase in the p130 protein were observed without changes in the protein level of cell cycle-dependent kinase 2 (Cdk2), Cdk4, and Cdk6. More important, KF41399 did not affect the antitumor activity of ACNU against mouse Sarcoma180 and human lung cancer LC-6. However, 25-mg/kg KF41399 treatment reduced the antitumor activity of ACNU against human lung cancer Lu-65, and 5 mg/kg KF41399 caused a slight reduction of the antitumor activity of ACNU without inducing thrombocytopenia. These results suggest that KF41399 might be useful as a chemoprotective agent to improve chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia and types of other toxicity.
Lack of Detectable Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II A β-chain Messenger Ribonucleic Acid in Placentas of Interferon-γ- and 5-azacytidine-treated Mice1 (1997)

Trophoblast cells do not normally express major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigens during placental development in either mice or rats. We have previously observed that in vivo treatment of pregnant mice with interferon-gamma (IFN gamma) induces immunohistochemically detectable class II cell surface expression in many maternal cell types, but not on placental cells or other cells of extra-embryonic origin. Both IFN gamma- and 5-azacytidine-induced placental class II expression have been reported in mice by other scientists, however, which made it important to further clarify this issue. The present study was performed to analyze whether treatment of pregnant mice with recombinant IFN gamma or the drug 5-azacytidine in vivo can induce detectable MHC class II Ab mRNA expression. A strain of transgenic mice carrying a cytomegalovirus-regulated MHC class II Abq transgene, which was strongly expressed in the placenta, was used as a positive control in all in situ hybridizations and ribonuclease protection analyses. All mice were analyzed on gestation Days 12.5 and 17.5. Treatment of pregnant mice with IFN gamma did not induce detectable class II expression in the placental cells, whereas the maternal decidua showed expression both at the mRNA and protein level. Similarly, treatment with 5-azacytidine did not induce class II expression in the placenta, while a slight increase in mRNA expression was detected in the maternal decidual and uterine tissues. These results strengthen the opinion that MHC class II mRNA cannot normally be induced in murine placental cells after IFN gamma or 5-azacytidine treatments.
Useful martingales for stochastic storage processes with Lévy input (1992)

We apply the general theory of stochastic integration to identify a martingale associated with a Lévy process modified by the addition of a secondary process of bounded variation on every finite interval. This martingale can be applied to queues and related stochastic storage models driven by a Lévy process. For example, we have applied this martingale to derive the (non-product-form) steady-state distribution of a two-node tandem storage network with Lévy input and deterministic linear fluid flow out of the nodes.
Distinguishing fibroblast promigratory and procontractile growth factor environments in 3‐D collagen matrices (2008)

Understanding growth factor function during wound repair is necessary for the development of therapeutic interventions to improve healing outcomes. In the current study, we compare the effects of serum and purified growth factors on human fibroblast function in three different collagen matrix models: cell migration in nested matrices, floating matrix contraction, and stressed-released matrix contraction. The results of these studies indicate that platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is unique in its capacity to promote cell migration. Serum, lysophosphatidic acid, sphingosine-1-phophate (S1P), and endothelin-1 promote stressed-released matrix contraction but not cell migration. In addition, we found that S1P inhibits fibroblast migration and treatment of serum to remove lipid growth factors or treatment of cells to interfere with S1P(2) receptor function increases serum promigratory activity. Our findings suggest that different sets of growth factors generate promigratory and procontractile tissue environments for fibroblasts and that the balance between PDGF and S1P is a key determinant of fibroblast promigratory activity.
Instrument assisted diagnostics – biometry, topography and wave‐front analysis (2016)

Summary We start with an overview on biometric, tomographic, topographic and other complimentary examination techniques and instruments. Criteria and indicators are presented to tailor out whether measurements qualify for an appropriate calculation of pseudophakic and phakic toric lens implants. As a hot topic we show how to discriminate between regular and irregular portion of astigmatism in a tomographic or topographic measurement and how to use this information for calculation. We will address the issue, which data from the large set of information provided by the instrument software should be used for toric lens calculation. We will provide hints where to look at the printouts from the devices. Finally, we provide a compact workflow for device assisted examination for toric lens planning.
Identification of acute myocardial infarction patients suitable for early hospital discharge after aggressive interventional therapy. Results from the Thrombolysis and Angioplasty in Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry. (1991)

The results of early cardiac catheterization and the absence of selected early (days 1-3) major complications do allow identification of a low risk subgroup of acute MI patients that may be suitable for very early discharge.