gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Intermittent High Dose Parenteral Corticosteroids on the Alveolitis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis <sup>1,</sup> <sup>2</sup> (1983)

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, fatal disorder in which chronic accumulation of neutrophils within the alveolar structures occurs. These cells with their large stores of preformed mediators likely play a major role in subsequent lung derangement. To evaluate the adjunctive use of intermittent high dose "pulse" corticosteroid therapy as a means of inhibiting neutrophil accumulation in the IPF lung, 5 patients were treated in a single blind random fashion with "high dose" corticosteroids (2 g methylprednisolone given intravenously once a week plus 0.25 mg/kg prednisone given orally daily) and 8 patients were treated with "low dose" corticosteroids only (0.25 mg/kg prednisone given orally daily). All patients had biopsy-proved disease in midcourse, and the 2 groups were matched for clinical and physiologic criteria. To evaluate the effect of these therapies on the quantity of neutrophils in the lungs of these patients, both groups underwent bronchoalveolar lavage and 67Ga scanning at the beginning and end of the 6-month study period; both methods gave an estimate of the intensity of the neutrophil alveolitis in these patients. Low dose corticosteroids had little effect on neutrophil accumulation (% neutrophils in lavage, - 5 +/- 8% change from baseline; 67Ga uptake, + 27 +/- 14% change from baseline), whereas high dose corticosteroids significantly reduced neutrophil accumulation (% neutrophils in lavage, - 46 +/- 8% change from baseline, p less than 0.02 compared with that in the low dose group; 67 Ga uptake, - 23 +/- 11% change from baseline, p less than 0.05 compared with that in the low dose group). In addition, 2 patients in the high dose group were reevaluated 6 months after cessation of the intermittent high dose pulse corticosteroids. Both had marked increases in lavage neutrophils compared with when they were receiving the high dose therapy (10 to 22% and 18 to 52%, respectively). These findings suggest that massive doses of intermittent intravenously administered corticosteroids may help to suppress the neutrophil component of the alveolitis of IPF.
Methotrexate Therapy for Psoriasis (1988)

To the Editor.— In the June 24 issue ofTHE JOURNAL, two cases of pancytopenia related to low-dose methotrexate therapy for psoriasis were reported.1The opening paragraph of this report has the following sentence: With the exception of the need for periodic biopsy of the liver and the avoidance of alcohol,1it is a simple, easily complied-with regimen for often disabling disease. This is misleading and a major oversimplification of the care needed, both by physician and patient, in using this potentially dangerous drug. In reviewing the two patients' case reports, we were struck by the fact that neither should have continued or possibly even been given methotrexate therapy. The first patient continued to have ... mild thrombocytopenia in temporal relation to methotrexate therapy on several occasions, suggesting a possibly idiosyncratic response to methotrexate. The second patient's medical history was ... notable for alcoholic liver disease. As discussed in the
Alkyl-Substituted Allylic Lithium Compounds:  Structure and Dynamic Behavior (2000)

Several methyl-substituted allylic lithium compounds have been prepared by CH3Li cleavage of their corresponding bis(methyl)bis(allylic)stannanes. Low-temperature 13C and proton NMR studies of 1:1 complexes of these allylic lithium compounds with TMEDA establish their structures. NMR line shape changes with temperature provide barriers to rotation. Results are listed in order as follows (allyl substituents, compound number, barrier to rotation in kcal·mol-1, and bonds undergoing rotation): 1,1-dimethyl, 26, 18, 2−3; endo-1-methyl, 27, 19, 2−3; endo-1-exo-3-dimethyl, 28, 21, 1−2 and 2−3. These observations together with the allylic 13C NMR chemical shifts indicate that in the case of unsymmetrical alkyl substitution at the termini the allyl C−C bond to the more substituted terminus is of higher bond order than that to the less substituted terminus. Unsymmetrical substitution is proposed to reduce the degree of delocalization compared to the symmetrically substituted allylic lithium compounds. A mechanism is proposed for the rotation process which is consistent with the Eyring activation parameters.
The modified Gaussian beam as a simple near-zone reflector antenna feed model (2002)

The nature of the errors associated with the widely used far-zone feed models are investigated by comparing the radiated field against the exact field, at various observation distances, calculated by the spherical wave expansion (SWE) techniques. The proposed modified Gaussian-beam feed model is presented, and its near-zone accuracy is confirmed with results obtained using SWE. The improvement of the modified Gaussian-beam model over the far-zone feed model is shown on a typical reflector antenna geometry employing an axially symmetric hyperboloidal subreflector.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Nano-Self-Assemblies Based on Synthetic Analogues of Mycobacterial Monomycoloyl Glycerol and DDA: Supramolecular Structure and Adjuvant Efficacy (2016)

The mycobacterial cell-wall lipid monomycoloyl glycerol (MMG) is a potent immunostimulator, and cationic liposomes composed of a shorter synthetic analogue (MMG-1) and dimethyldioctadecylammonium (DDA) bromide represent a promising adjuvant that induces strong antigen-specific Th1 and Th17 responses. In the present study, we investigated the supramolecular structure and in vivo adjuvant activity of dispersions based on binary mixtures of DDA and an array of synthetic MMG-1 analogues (MMG-2/3/5/6) displaying longer (MMG-2) or shorter (MMG-3) alkyl chain lengths, or variations in stereochemistry of the polar headgroup (MMG-5) or of the hydrophobic moiety (MMG-6). Synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering experiments and cryo transmission electron microscopy revealed that DDA:MMG-1/2/5/6 dispersions consisted of unilamellar and multilamellar vesicles (ULVs/MLVs), whereas a coexistence of both ULVs and hexosomes was observed for DDA:MMG-3, depending on the DDA:MMG molar ratio. The studies also showed that ULVs were formed, regardless of the structural characteristics of the neat MMG analogues in excess buffer [lamellar (MMG-1/2/5) or inverse hexagonal (MMG-3/6) phases]. Immunization of mice with a chlamydia antigen surface-adsorbed to DDA:MMG-1/3/6 dispersions revealed that all tested adjuvants were immunoactive and induced strong Th1 and Th17 responses with a potential for a central effector memory profile. The MMG-1 and MMG-6 analogues were equally immunoactive in vivo upon incorporation into DDA liposomes, despite the reported highly different immunostimulatory properties of the neat analogues in vitro, which were attributed to the different nanostructural characteristics. This clearly demonstrates that optimal formulation and delivery of MMG analogues to the immune system is of major importance and challenges the use of in vitro screening assays with nondispersed compounds to identify potential new vaccine adjuvants.
Aromatic Substitution. V.<sup>1a</sup> The Synthesis of a Protonated Toluene Tetrafluoroborate Complex<sup>1b</sup> (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAromatic Substitution. V.1a The Synthesis of a Protonated Toluene Tetrafluoroborate Complex1bG. A. Olah, A. E. Pavlath, and J. A. OlahCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 24, 6540–6541Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01557a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01557a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views89Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Identification of the phyto-oestrogen 3′,7-dihydroxyisoflavan, an isomer of equol, in human urine and cow's milk (1988)

The isoflavonoid diphenol 3',7-dihydroxyisoflavan, an isomer of the known compound equol (4',7-dihydroxyisoflavan), has been identified in human urine and in cow's milk. The compound was isolated as the glucuronide, purified by column chromatography and identified after hydrolysis to the aglycon. The trimethylsilyl ether derivative was characterized by comparison of its mass spectrum and chromatographic properties with those of synthesized silylated isomers of equol.
Performance of Two Immunochemical Assays in the Analysis of Peanuts for Aflatoxin at 37 Field Laboratories (1993)

A study was conducted to measure the precision of 2 rapid aflatoxin assay systems in use at 37 peanut buying points during the 1991 harvest season. Aflatoxin laboratories were established at the 37 buying points to analyze peanut samples from all incoming farmers' stock loads as part of a joint project sponsored by various segments of the U.S. peanut industry and the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Eighteen laboratories were equipped with Neogen's veratox FSP rapid assay system, whereas 19 laboratories used Vicam's Aflatest rapid assay system. To monitor the performance of the field laboratories during the project, 3 portions of each of six 27 kg samples of ground peanuts were sent to each laboratory for analysis over a period of 6 weeks. Aflatoxin concentrations ranged from 0 to 300 ng/g when eight 200 g subsamples of each sample were analyzed by liquid chromatography (LC). For the 5 samples contaminated with aflatoxin, relative standard deviations for repeatability (RSDr) for laboratories using veratox FSP ranged from 18.66 to 53.29%, and the relative standard deviations for reproducibility (RSDR) ranged from 22.79 to 59.29%. For laboratories using the Aflatest system, RSDr values ranged from 18.70 to 41.48%, and RSDR values ranged from 23.84 to 47.56%. Horwitz ratios < 2.0 were found for 4 of the 5 contaminated samples for both methods, indicating that the overall precision of the 2 methods used in the project was good. Mean aflatoxin concentrations, as determined with the rapid assay systems, were generally lower than those determined by LC, particularly for more highly contaminated samples.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The Plusses and Minuses of Specialization (1981)

The editors laud efforts by the American Physical Therapy Association (APTA) and its Sections to develop recognition for advanced levels of competency within areas of specialization such as sports, orthopaedics, cardiopulmonary, and pediatric physical therapy. At the same time, they question APTA's launch of a new quarterly publication, Clinical Management in Physical Therapy, and suggest that the articles published in it would better enhance Section publications, such as JOSPT. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1981;3(2):41. doi:10.2519/jospt.1981.3.2.41
A Comparative Study of Linked 2, 2’-Dipyridylamine Ligand System as an Ion Selective Electrode for Ag (I) Ions (2010)

The linked 2, 2’-dipyridylamine derivatives have been explored as neutral carrier ionophores for preparing poly (vinyl chloride) based electrodes selective to Ag(I) ions. Based on the stability constants determined by sandwich membrane method and the energy minimization studies using CAChe software, the ionophore was found selective for Ag (I) ions. Different compositions of the membrane were studied. The best performance was found with the electrode composition (w/w) ionophore (3%): PVC (33%): o-NPOE (64%). This electrode exhibits Nernstian response with a slope of 59mV/decade of activity in the concentration range 5.5x10-6 - 1.0x10-1M of Ag (I). The electrode shows satisfactory performance over a pH range of 2.0 – 9.5, with a fast response time of 14s. Response of the electrode was highly selective to Ag(I) ions over a number of uni-, di- and trivalent metal cations. Also, the electrode has been used successfully as an indicator electrode in potentiometric titrations of Ag (I) ions
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Tripeptide Inhibitors of Peptidylglycine α‐ Amidating Monooxygenase (PAM) Containing D‐ and L‐Styrylglycine. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Genome plasticity in <i>Streptomyces</i>: identification of 1 Mb TIRs in the <i>S. coelicolor</i> A3(2) chromosome (2004)

The chromosomes of several widely used laboratory derivatives of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) were found to have 1.06 Mb inverted repeat sequences at their termini (i.e. long-terminal inverted repeats; L-TIRs), which are 50 times the length of the 22 kb TIRs of the sequenced S. coelicolor strain M145. The L-TIRs include 1005 annotated genes and increase the overall chromosome size to 9.7 Mb. The 1.06 Mb L-TIRs are the longest reported thus far for an actinomycete, and are proposed to represent the chromosomal state of the original soil isolate of S. coelicolor A3(2). S. coelicolor A3(2), M600 and J1501 possess L-TIRs, whereas approximately half the examined early mutants of A3(2) generated by ultraviolet (UV) or X-ray mutagenesis have truncated their TIRs to the 22 kb length. UV radiation was found to stimulate L-TIR truncation. Two copies of a transposase gene (SCO0020) flank 1.04 Mb of DNA in the right L-TIR, and recombination between them appears to generate strains containing short TIRs. This TIR reduction mechanism may represent a general strategy by which transposable elements can modulate the structure of chromosome ends. The presence of L-TIRs in certain S. coelicolor strains represents a major chromosomal alteration in strains previously thought to be genetically similar.
Optimizing inter-processor data locality on embedded chip multiprocessors (2005)

Recent research in embedded computing indicates that packing multiple processor cores on the same die is an effective way of utilizing the ever-increasing number of transistors. The advantage of placing multiple cores into a single die is that it reduces on-chip communication costs (in terms of both execution cycles and power consumption) between the processor cores that are traditionally very high in conventional high-performance parallel architectures (such as SMPs). However, on the negative side, this tighter integration exerts an even higher pressure on off-chip accesses to the memory system. This makes minimizing the number of off-chip accesses a critical optimization goal.This paper discusses a compiler-based solution to this problem for the embedded applications that perform stencil computations. An important characteristic of this solution is that it distinguishes between the intra-processor data reuse and inter-processor data reuse. The first of these captures the data reuse that occurs across loop iterations assigned to the same processor, whereas the second one represents the data reuse that takes place across the loop iterations assigned to different processors. The proposed approach then optimizes inter-processor reuse by re-organizing the loop iterations of each processor carefully, considering how data elements are shared across processors. The goal is to ensure that the different processors access the shared data within a short period of time, so that the data can be captured in the on-chip memory space at the time of the reuse. This paper also presents an evaluation of the proposed optimization and compares it to an alternate scheme that optimizes data locality for each processor in isolation. The results obtained by applying our implementation to eight loop-intensive benchmark codes from the embedded computing domain show that our approach improves over the mentioned alternate scheme by 15.6% on average.
CORRELATION BETWEEN COMPLEMENT‐FIXING PEMPHIGOID ANTIBODY TITRES AND DISEASE ACTIVITY (1980)

ABSTRACT A positive correlation between complement‐fixing pemphigoid antibody titre and disease activity was observed in 4 of 8 patients with bullous pemphigoid using complement immunofluorescence. The fact that this correlation cannot always be demonstrated seems to contradict the active role of complement‐fixing pemphigoid antibodies in the pathogenesis of bulla formation. The similarity of bullous pemphigoid and herpes gestationis is discussed.
Rain side-scatter interference in the satellite links of the 1990s (1993)

In addition to inducing attenuation and depolarization in satellite links, scattering by rain can create intersystem interference. This type of interference was investigated extensively in the 1970s for terrestrial paths, but little has been done to study its effects on modern and future satellite links. Studies of the potential interference created by the scattering of an uplink signal into an adjacent satellite and the inverse case where a downlink signal is scattered into the earth station of an adjacent satellite system are reported. Two computation methods for the interfering power are presented. The first, based on the bistatic radar equation, takes only the first-order multiple scattering into account, whereas the second method, based on the radiative transfer equation, includes higher orders of multiple scattering.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Tight Junction Protein ZO-2 Localizes to the Nucleus and Interacts with the Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein Scaffold Attachment Factor-B (2003)

Zonula occludens proteins (ZOPs), currently comprising ZO-1, ZO-2, and ZO-3, belong to the family of membrane-associated guanylate kinase homologue (MAGUK) proteins that are involved in the organization of epithelial and endothelial intercellular junctions. ZOPs bind to the cytoplasmic C termini of junctional transmembrane proteins linking them to the actin cytoskeleton. They are characterized by several conserved modules, including three PDZ domains, one SH3 domain, and a guanylate kinase-like domain, elements indicating that ZOPs may serve multiple purposes. Interestingly, ZOPs contain some unique motifs not shared by other MAGUK family members, including nuclear localization and nuclear export signals and a leucine zipper-like sequence. Their potential involvement in cell growth and proliferation has been suggested earlier based on the observation that the N-terminal half of ZOPs displays significant similarity to the product of the Drosophila tumor suppressor gene lethal(1)discs-large (dlg). The nuclear targeting of ZOPs in subconfluent epithelial cell cultures is well documented, although the action of the junctional MAGUKs in the nucleus has remained elusive. Here we show for the first time that nuclear ZO-2 directly interacts with the DNA-binding protein scaffold attachment factor-B (SAF-B). Our results from two-hybrid assays and in vivo co-immunoprecipitation studies provide evidence to suggest that ZO-2 associates with the C-terminal portion of SAF-B via its PDZ-1 domain. We further demonstrate that enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)- and DsRed-tagged ZO-2 and SAF-B fusion proteins partially co-localize in nuclei of transfected epithelial cells. As shown by laser confocal microscopy and epifluorescent analysis, nuclear ZO-2 is present in epithelial and endothelial cells, particularly in response to environmental stress conditions. Interestingly, no association of SAF-B with ZO-1 was found, which supports the notion that junctional MAGUKs serve nonredundant functions.
Avermectin B1a: Highly Potent Inhibitor of Reproduction by Queens of the Red Imported Fire Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)1 (1982)

Journal Article Avermectin B1a: Highly Potent Inhibitor of Reproduction by Queens of the Red Imported Fire Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Get access C. S. Lofgren, C. S. Lofgren Insects Affecting Man and Animals Research Laboratory, ARS, USDA, Gainesville, Florida 32604 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. F. Williams D. F. Williams Insects Affecting Man and Animals Research Laboratory, ARS, USDA, Gainesville, Florida 32604 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 75, Issue 5, 1 October 1982, Pages 798–803, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/75.5.798 Published: 01 October 1982 Article history Received: 09 September 1981 Published: 01 October 1982
Roentgenographic Identification of Starr-Edwards Prostheses (1973)

Since 1960, more than 100,000 Starr-Edwards prostheses have been inserted. In conjunction with a continuing program of bioengineering improvements which has alleviated many problems, certain complications have been associated with specific valve models. Thus, it is often useful to identify the valve model in the absence of a previous operative record. The various models of Starr-Edwards prostheses can be differentiated from plain chest roentgenograms. The identifying roentgenographic characteristics are described in this report.
Altered expression of the IQGAP1 gene in human lung cancer cell lines (1995)

IQGAP1 is a GTPase activation protein that accelerates GTP hydrolysis by normal p21 ras proteins. Therefore, IQGAP1 could act as an upstream affector of p21 ras activity by convert in excess amounts of active GTP-21 ras to inactive GDP-21 ras. IQGAP1 displays extensive sequence similarity to the catalytic domain of all previously reported ras GAPs, including the tumor suppressor gene protein neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). It has been shown that abnormal NF1 protein cannot negatively regulate the activity of ras proteins in neuroblast cells. This observation supports the hypothesis that NF1 is a tumor suppressor gene whose product acts upstream of ras. IQGAP1 is primarily expressed in lung, where it may play a role similar to NF1 in regulating the activity of H-ras or K-ras proteins. IQGAP1 functions as other GAPs by controlling the activity of ras.
Effect of Antifungal Agents on the Carbohydrate Metabolism of Kluyveromyces fragilis1 (1975)

Pimaricin and nystatin, two antifungal agents, inhibited endogenous respiration and. anaerobic and anaerobic utilization of sugars by Kluyveromyces fragilis. Three sugars, lactose, glucose, and were metabolized by a somewhat similar process as judged by the extent of inhibition caused by the antifungals, both aerobically and anaerobically. The degree of inhibition by the antifungals was more pronounced under anaerobic conditions. There existed a direct, but not proportional, relationship between concentration of antifungals and extent of inhibition. Nystatin impaired carbohydrate metabolism slightly more than did pimaricin. Also, K. fragilis contained lactase which was found to be a constitutive enzyme and was inhibited by the two antifungal agents.