gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Surgical Techniques for Vitiligo: A Review (2001)

Although the treatment of vitiligo has improved during the last decade, therapy is still not satisfying for many patients. This is probably due to the fact that the aetiopathogenesis is unknown. Several treatment modalities, such as PUVA, UVB and local corticosteroids are currently used in the treatment of active vitiligo. However, these treatments usually induce incomplete repigmentation. Surgical methods intended to repigment leucoderma are an interesting therapeutic option if patients have stable disease. Two types of surgical techniques are available: tissue grafts and cellular grafts, with in between autologous cultured epithelial grafts. Tissue grafts are full-thickness punch grafts, split-thickness grafts and suction blister grafts. With tissue grafts, only a limited surface area can be treated but with good results in the majority of cases. Cellular grafts include non-cultured keratinocytes/melanocytes and cultured melanocytes. The exact success rate of repigmentation with cellular grafts is still unknown, since only a small number of studies have been published. Starting from autologous cellular suspensions, epithelial grafts of various compositions can be cultured in vitro. They can be used for larger areas. The purpose of this review is to describe the applications of different surgical techniques used to treat recalcitrant vitiligo.
Advances in Single-Chain Nanoparticles for Catalysis Applications (2017)

Enzymes are the most efficient catalysts known for working in an aqueous environment near room temperature. The folding of individual polymer chains to functional single-chain nanoparticles (SCNPs) offers many opportunities for the development of artificial enzyme-mimic catalysts showing both high catalytic activity and specificity. In this review, we highlight recent results obtained in the use of SCNPs as bioinspired, highly-efficient nanoreactors (3-30 nm) for the synthesis of a variety of nanomaterials (inorganic nanoparticles, quantum dots, carbon nanodots), polymers, and chemical compounds, as well as nanocontainers for CO₂ capture and release.
Probing the effects of individual components in multiple component prevention programs (1993)

Assessing the contributions of individual components in multi-component interventions poses complex challenges for prevention researchers. We review the strengths and weaknesses of designs and analyses that may be useful in answering three questions: (1) Is each of the individual components contributing to the outcome? (2) Is the program optimal? and (3), Through what processes are the components of the program achieving their effects? Factorial and fractional factorial designs in which a systematically selected portion of all possible treatment combinations is implemented are used to address question 1. Response surface designs in which each component is quantitatively scaled are explored in relation to question 2. Mediational analysis, a hybrid of experimental and correlational approaches, is considered in relation to question 3. Design enhancements are offered that may further strengthen some of these techniques. These techniques offer promise of enhancing both the basic science and applied science contributions of prevention research.
Synthesis and coordination chemistry of a 14-membered macrocyclic ligand containing one phosphorus, two sulfur and one ambidentate sulfoxide donor sets (1999)

The macrocyclic ligand PhP(CH2CH2SCH2CH2CH2)2SO (L) was obtained from the reaction between bis(3-chloropropyl) sulfoxide and bis(2-mercaptoethyl)phenylphosphine in the presence of caesium carbonate. The ligand is stable in the solid state but rearranges slowly into the isomeric phosphine oxide S(CH2CH2CH2SCH2CH2)2P(O)Ph in solution. In the presence of molecular iodine, the oxygen migration process occurred spontaneously and the phosphine oxide was obtained quantitatively within several minutes. When treated with [MCl2(CH3CN)2] (where M = Pd, Pt), the sulfinyl-substituted macrocycle functions as a bidentate ligand via its phosphorus and one of the thioether sulfur donor atoms giving the corresponding neutral square-planar complexes cis-[M(L-P,S)Cl2]. In both complexes, the sulfoxide group is not involved in metal complexation. However, when the dichloro complexes were treated with silver perchlorate, the corresponding tetradentate complexes [M{L-P,S,S,S}][ClO4]2 were formed. In both the perchlorate salts, the ambidentate sulfoxide functions are coordinated to the metal centre via their sulfur donor. In contrast to the previously reported acyclic analogues, the sulfoxide–metal bonds are kinetically stable.
A Direct Intramolecular C−H Amination Reaction Cocatalyzed by Copper(II) and Iron(III) as Part of an Efficient Route for the Synthesis of Pyrido[1,2-<i>a</i>]benzimidazoles from<i>N</i>-Aryl-2-aminopyridines (2010)

A novel and efficient synthesis of pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazoles through direct intramolecular aromatic C-H amination of N-aryl-2-aminopyridines has been developed. The reaction, cocatalyzed by Cu(OAc)(2) and Fe(NO(3))(3)·9H(2)O, is carried out in DMF under a dioxygen atmosphere. Diversified pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazoles containing various substitution patterns are obtained in moderate to excellent yields by using this procedure. The results of mechanistic studies suggest that a Cu(III)-catalyzed electrophilic aromatic substitution (S(E)Ar) pathway is operating in this process. The unique role of iron(III) is believed to lie in its ability to facilitate formation of the more electrophilic Cu(III) species. In the absence of iron(III), a much less efficient and reversible Cu(II)-mediated S(E)Ar process takes place.
The basic RNA-binding domain of HIV-2 Tat contributes to preferential trans-activation of a TAR2-containing LTR (1992)

Human immunodeficiency viruses HIV-1 and HIV-2 encode a Tat protein that trans-activates the respective viral genome through RNA targets (TAR1 and TAR2). Tat-1 and Tat-2 have considerable homology. However, an interesting biological observation has been that Tat-1 activates the HIV-1 and HIV-2 LTRs equally while Tat-2 activates the former, in comparison to the latter, poorly. Here, we present evidence that it is the TAR2 RNA target together with the basic RNA-binding protein domain of Tat-2 that dictate this non-reciprocity in trans-activation.
Risk factors for back pain incidence in industry: a prospective study (1998)

The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between physical and psychological risk factors on the one hand, and the occurrence of new episodes of back pain on the other hand. A prospective study was conducted with 12 months follow-up by means of self-administered questionnaires. The study took place in the Cargo Department of a major Dutch airline company. The subjects for this study were 270 workers involved in heavy physical work. Only workers without back pain at baseline were included. Self-reported back pain and sick leave due to back pain during the follow-up period were measured. Of the 238 workers included in the analysis, 73 (31%) developed a new episode of back pain during the follow-up period, and 27 (11%) subjects reported sick leave due to back pain. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the history of back pain was the best predictor for the occurrence of a new episode of back pain during follow-up (OR 9.8; 95% CI 2.8-34.4 for subjects who had back pain more than twice in the past year). Low job satisfaction was also associated with an increased risk for the occurrence of back pain during follow-up (OR 1.2; 95% CI 1.01-1.4). Riding a forklift truck appeared to be a protective factor for the occurrence of back pain (OR 0.7; 95% CI 0.5-0.99). In this study the best predictors for the occurrence of back pain were the history of back complaints and low job satisfaction. Although it needs to be confirmed by future intervention studies, the results indicate that increasing job satisfaction may be a successful (co-)intervention for the prevention of back pain at the workplace.
Design of Parallel Inverters for Smooth Mode Transfer Microgrid Applications (2009)

In this paper, smooth mode transfers and accurate current sharing are performed in a multi-inverter-based microgrid system by the designed system level controls with control area network communication. Controllers of individual inverters within the microgrid in both grid-tie and islanding modes are also designed to ensure high-quality output waveforms. The mode transfer tests are conducted with an inverter-simulated grid to define the proper transfer procedures. Experimental results show that the inverters can provide stable outputs in different basic microgrid operation modes. With the designed current sharing scheme, the output current is equally shared among paralleled inverters without noticeable circulating current. Both the simulation and experimental results of mode transfer show that the multi-inverter-based microgrid system is able to smoothly switch between the grid-tie and islanding modes to guarantee an uninterrupted power supply to the critical loads within the microgrid.
Introduzione [Milano, l’Ambrosiana e la conoscenza dei Nuovi mondi (secoli XVII-XVIII)] (2015)

Il volume è dedicato alla presenza dei saperi provenienti dalle Americhe e dall'Oriente nella milano del Cinque Seicento attraverso la presenza di libri, oggetti e di uomini che ne diffusero le conoscenze.
Fuzzy decision making in the classification of multisource remote sensing data (1993)

Our objective was to develop a knowledge-based strategy for the classification, considered a cognitive process, of multisource data including remote sensing images. The main feature of our approach is the use of fuzzy sets as the representation framework. This strategy supports two supervised image classification procedures, one based on a fuzzy statistical classifier and the other on a feed-forward fuzzy trained neural network. Approximate reasoning techniques, based on fuzzy production rules, are applied to model the multifactorial evaluation process in which results from the classification of remote-sensing images are integrated with other data. An example of multisource remote-sensing data classification applied in fire prevention is presented together with numerical results and an experimental verification of the approach.
Degradation of lignin with monomethylamine (1992)

Abstract Wood chips were treated with gaseous mixtures of monomethylamine and water vapour at temperatures between 160 and 120°C and pressurs ranging between 1.5 and 7.0 MPa. The degradation products were subsequently extracted with different solvents at ambient pressure. First, The degradation products of lignin were extracted with highly selective organic solvents such as diethyl ether or 2 ‐butanone. Then, the remaining decomposition products were extracted with water or an aqueous solution of monomethylamine. The latter extract contains the degradation products of the hemicelluloses in a relatively high concentration. After a three hour digestion, the residue obtained from spruce had a lignin content of 3.1 wt‐% (pine: 3.7 wt‐%; birch 0.3 wt‐%). The total yield of unbleached cellulose was approximately 60 wt‐%.
An Evaluation of the Advance Braking Light Device (1989)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">This report describes a test run on a device (the Advance Braking Light Device, or ABLD) that senses the rate at which the accelerator is released. If the rate is equal to or faster than a predetermined minimum the device turns on the brake lights for one second.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The interest in this study was in determining whether there were any operational problems with the ABLD, and measuring the gain in brake illumination time it provides. The results suggest that there are no significant operational problems, and that the device causes the brake lights to be illuminated 0.2 to 0.3 second sooner when it is energized.</div>
Thermal diffusivity of rubber compounds (1999)

AbstractDuring the vulcanisation process, rubber compounds are heated to temperatures of ∼200°C and then cooled. An increase in temperature occurs in rubber tyres during use as a result of heat produced by repeated deformation. This temperature increase can be so high that it can cause tyre destruction. From this point of view, knowledge of thermal diffusivity data of rubber compounds and reinforced rubber is very important. Despite thermal diffusivity being a crucial value, which determines the rate of heating or cooling of solid bodies, only limited data of this kind are available in the literature for elastomers. A new method, developed especially for determining the thermal diffusivity of thick fibre composite materials and reinforced rubber, has been used to measure the thermal diffusivity of rubber compounds. Both the content and the type of rubber and carbon black determine the thermal diffusivity. The content of other components, however, has a very limited influence on this parameter.
A novel <i>CDKL5</i> mutation in a 47,XXY boy with the early‐onset seizure variant of Rett syndrome (2009)

Mutations of the cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5 gene (CDKL5), reported almost exclusively in female subjects, have been recently found to be the cause of a phenotype overlapping Rett syndrome with early-onset epileptic encephalopathy. We describe the first CDKL5 mutation detected in a male individual with 47,XXY karyotype. This previously unreported, de novo, mutation truncates the large CDKL5 COOH-terminal region, thought to be crucial for the proper sub-cellular localization of the CDKL5 protein. The resulting phenotype is characterized by a severe early-onset epileptic encephalopathy, global developmental delay, and profound intellectual and motor impairment with features reminiscent of Rett syndrome. In light of the data presented we discuss the possible phenotypic modulatory effects of the supernumerary wild type X allele and pattern of X chromosome inactivation and stress the importance of considering the causal involvement of CDKL5 in developmentally delayed males with early-onset seizures.
Direct design of symmetrical interacting bandpass channel diplexers (1976)

Explicit design formulas are given for the element values of symmetrical bandpass channel diplexers. Assuming that the element values in the independent doubly terminated filters are known, the element values are expanded as a power series in a well defined band-separation factor and the appropriate coefficients determined in a direct manner. This process involves the key factor that, at the zeros of the independent reflection coefficients, the interaction effects may readily be taken into account to retain the zero location in the diplexer up to a certain order of approximation. From the resulting prototype diplexer, which necessarily contains frequency-invariant reactances, designs for relatively narrow bandpass channel diplexers may readily be obtained. As an example, a waveguide direct-coupled cavity diplexer is designed in WG14. Finally, experimental results on this five-cavity-per-channel diplexer are cited showing excellent agreement with theory.
High-power, high-efficiency K-band AlGaAs/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistors (2002)

We report on the state-of-the-art power performance of AlGaAs/GaAs HBTs at K-band. A prematched 12/spl times/(1.6/spl times/25) /spl mu/m/sup 2/ HBT unit cell exhibited 1.18 W CW output power (3.93 W/mm output power density) and 57.1% power-added efficiency with 6.6 dB associated gain at 20 GHz at a collector bias of 10.5 V. Peak power-added efficiency achieved was 57.8% at an output power level of 1.08 W. No intentional harmonic tuning was applied.
Kinetic model for the co-action of ?-amylase and debranching enzymes in the production of maltose (1999)

The kinetics of the hydrolysis of starch with beta-amylase and debranching enzymes was studied. The hydrolysis of the alpha-1, 6-glycoside bonds of the substrate by debranching enzymes does not create any new nonreducing ends, so debranching enzyme promotes the action of beta-amylase not by increasing the concentration of the substrate of beta-amylase but by increasing the linear linkage portion of the substrate. The introduction of an effective chain length function was used to formulate a kinetic model.
Design of multimodal dialogue-based systems (2008)

Multimodal dialogue systems integrate advanced (often spoken) language technologies within human-computer interaction methods. Such complex systems cannot be designed without extensive human expertise and systematic design guidelines taking into account the limitations of the underlying technologies. Therefore, this thesis aims at reducing the time and effort needed to build such systems by creating application-independent techniques, tools and algorithms that automate the design process and make it accessible for non-expert application developers. The thesis proposes an interactive system prototyping methodology, which (together with its software implementation) allows for rapid building of multimodal dialogue-based information seeking systems. When designed with our methodology, even partially implemented system prototypes can immediately be tested with users through Wizard of Oz simulations (which are integrated into the methodology) that reveal user behavior and modality use models. Involving users in early development phases increases the chances for the targeted system to be well accepted by end-users. With respect to dialogue system design, we propose a two-layered dialogue model as a variant of the standard frame-based approach. The two layers of the proposed dialogue model correspond to local and global dialogue strategies. One of the important findings of our research is that the two-layered dialogue model is easily extendable to multimodal systems. The methodology is illustrated in full detail through the design and implementation of the Archivus system – a multimodal (mouse, pen, touchscreen, keyboard and voice) interface that allows users to access and search a database of recorded and annotated meetings (the Smart Meeting Room application). The final part of the thesis is dedicated to an overall qualitative evaluation of the Archivus system (user's performance, satisfaction, analysis of encountered problems) and to a quantitative evaluation of all the implemented dialogue strategies. Our methodology is intended (1) for designers of multimodal systems who want to quickly develop a multimodal system in their application domain, (2) for researchers who want to better understand human-machine multimodal interaction through experimenting with working prototypes, (3) for researchers who want to test new modalities within the context of a complete application, and (4) for researchers interested in new approaches to specific issues related to multimodal systems (e.g. the multimodal fusion problem).
[Cultivation and identification of pancreatic endocrine progenitor cells]. (2006)

Culture medium with a certain glucose level, is beneficial for the cultivation of pancreatic endocrine progenitor cells, especially the medium with a low level of glucose that promotes the maturation and differentiation of the pancreatic endocrine progenitor cells.
Cubism and the Early American Modernist (1966)

In an article entitled “Toward a Re-interpretation of Cubism,” Winthrop Judkins singled out a number of formal characteristics common to the still lifes of Picasso, Braque and Gris done between 1912 and 1916: planes which are at once transparent and opaque; tones of objects which “bleed” out and become background tones so that the object is part of, and at the same time in front of, the background; outlines which coincide with other outlines so that the continuity may be read around either or across both; surfaces which recede behind other surfaces and project over them simultaneously; shadows, mutually excluded by each other's light sources, standing side by side; etc. He concluded that “clearly that which all these things have in common, that of which they are an unending variety of manifestations, is this: A deliberate oscillation of appearances, a studied multiplicity of readings, a conscious compounding of identities, an iridescence of form.”
Derivation and performance of a pipelined transaction processor (2002)

Transaction processing can be formulated as a simple functional program operating on a stream of transaction requests and a tree-structured database. In this paper we use algebraic transformation of the initial program to yield an optimistic implementation in which unnecessary synchronization is eliminated, thereby allowing concurrent processing of transactions. A detailed simulation is used to study the program's behaviour and to assess scheduling policies based on the characteristics of the target architecture. Our results show that good speedups can be achieved, and that transformation can be used to derive a highly concurrent program with better locality and grain size.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Modification of pain on injection of propofol—a comparison between lignocaine and procaine (1991)

Pain on injection of propofol was assessed in a controlled, randomised study of 273 patients. They received either lignocaine 10 mg, procaine 10 mg or isotonic saline 0.5 ml, 15 seconds before the injection of propofol into a vein on the back of the hand. The incidence of pain on injection in the control group (51%) was comparable with other studies. Lignocaine and procaine both significantly reduced the pain (35% and 34% respectively, p less than 0.05) but there was no statistical difference between these two groups.
Paraspeckles may provide stress relief (2011)

![Figure][1] 

Paraspeckles stand out in the nuclei of stomach epithelial cells.



The enigmatic nuclear structures known as paraspeckles may only be necessary during times of stress, [Nakagawa et al.][2] report.

Discovered in 2002, paraspeckles stick close to the larger and better-known
Colorimetric Determination of Titanium with Disodium-1,2-dihydroxybenzene- 3,5-disulfonate (1947)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTColorimetric Determination of Titanium with Disodium-1,2-dihydroxybenzene- 3,5-disulfonateJ. H. Yoe and A. R. ArmstrongCite this: Anal. Chem. 1947, 19, 2, 100–102Publication Date (Print):February 20, 1947Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 20 February 1947https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60002a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60002a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views321Altmetric-Citations85LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts