gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Heparanase powers a chronic inflammatory circuit that promotes colitis-associated tumorigenesis in mice (2011)

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that is closely associated with colon cancer. Expression of the enzyme heparanase is clearly linked to colon carcinoma progression, but its role in UC is unknown. Here we demonstrate for what we believe to be the first time the importance of heparanase in sustaining the immune-epithelial crosstalk underlying colitis-associated tumorigenesis. Using histological specimens from UC patients and a mouse model of dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis, we found that heparanase was constantly overexpressed and activated throughout the disease. We demonstrate, using heparanase-overexpressing transgenic mice, that heparanase overexpression markedly increased the incidence and severity of colitis-associated colonic tumors. We found that highly coordinated interactions between the epithelial compartment (contributing heparanase) and mucosal macrophages preserved chronic inflammatory conditions and created a tumor-promoting microenvironment characterized by enhanced NF-κB signaling and induction of STAT3. Our results indicate that heparanase generates a vicious cycle that powers colitis and the associated tumorigenesis: heparanase, acting synergistically with the intestinal flora, stimulates macrophage activation, while macrophages induce production (via TNF-α-dependent mechanisms) and activation (via secretion of cathepsin L) of heparanase contributed by the colon epithelium. Thus, disruption of the heparanase-driven chronic inflammatory circuit is highly relevant to the design of therapeutic interventions in colitis and the associated cancer.
Glucose 6-Phosphate Release of Wild-type and Mutant Human Brain Hexokinases from Mitochondria (2005)

One molecule of glucose 6-phosphate inhibits brain hexokinase (HKI) with high affinity by binding to either one of two sites located in distinct halves of the enzyme. In addition to potent inhibition, glucose 6-phosphate releases HKI from the outer leaflet of mitochondria; however, the site of glucose 6-phosphate association responsible for the release of HKI is unclear. The incorporation of a C-terminal polyhistidine tag on HKI facilitates the rapid purification of recombinant enzyme from Escherichia coli. The tagged construct has N-formyl methionine as its first residue and has mitochondrial association properties comparable with native brain hexokinases. Release of wild-type and mutant hexokinases from mitochondria by glucose 6-phosphate follow equilibrium models, which explain the release phenomenon as the repartitioning of ligand-bound HKI between solution and the membrane. Mutations that block the binding of glucose 6-phosphate to the C-terminal half of HKI have little or no effect on the glucose 6-phosphate release. In contrast, mutations that block glucose 6-phosphate binding to the N-terminal half require approximately 7-fold higher concentrations of glucose 6-phosphate for the release of HKI. Results here implicate a primary role for the glucose 6-phosphate binding site at the N-terminal half of HKI in the release mechanism.
Reduced Cerebral Injury in CRH-R1 Deficient Mice after Focal Ischemia: A Potential Link to Microglia and Atrocytes that Express CRH-R1 (2003)

Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) and its family of related peptides are involved in regulating physiologic responses to multiple stressors, including stroke. Although CRH has been implicated in the exacerbation of injury after stroke, the mechanism remains unclear. After ischemia, both excitotoxic damage and inflammation contribute to the pathology of stroke. CRH is known to potentiate excitotoxic damage in the brain and has been shown to modulate inflammatory responses in the periphery. Here the present authors examine the relative contribution of the two known CRH receptors, CRH-R1 and CRH-R2, to ischemic injury using CRH receptor knockout mice. These results implicate CRH-R1 as the primary mediator of ischemic injury in this mouse model of stroke. In addition, the authors examine a potential role for CRH in inflammatory injury after stroke by identifying functional CRH receptors on astrocytes and microglia, which are cells that are known to be involved in brain inflammation. By single cell PCR, the authors show that microglia and astrocytes express mRNA for both CRH-R1 and CRH-R2. However, CRH-R1 is the primary mediator of cAMP accumulation in response to CRH peptides in these cells. The authors suggest that astrocytes and microglia are cellular targets of CRH, which could serve as a link between CRH and inflammatory responses in ischemic injury via CRH-R1.
The effect of power balance on the heating mode transition in micro-dielectric barrier helium glow discharges (2014)

A particle-in-cell simulation has been adapted to analyze the helium discharge characteristics of a planar micro-dielectric barrier discharge with a gap distance less than 100 µm for variation of driving frequency from 10 to 500 MHz. Two scaling laws for the breakdown voltage were obtained with the change in heating mechanism from the γ- to the α-mode with increasing frequency. The optimal condition for the efficient generation of high-density plasmas with minimized power is obtained when the ratio of ion transit time to the RF period is about 1/4, so that the secondary electrons emitted by ion bombardment on the dielectric-gap boundary are accelerated in phase with the sheath potential. Under this condition, the plasma density as well as the ion current is maximum, the displacement current and the electron current are almost the same, and the ratio of the power delivered to the plasma is 50% of the total power. At high frequencies, the collisional electron heating increases by the induced bulk electric field, enhancing excitation and elastic collisions, and thus ionization efficiency decreases while excitation efficiency increases.
A screen for genetic loci required for body-wall muscle development during embryogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans. (1994)

We have used available chromosomal deficiencies to screen for genetic loci whose zygotic expression is required for formation of body-wall muscle cells during embryogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans. To test for muscle cell differentiation we have assayed for both contractile function and the expression of muscle-specific structural proteins. Monoclonal antibodies directed against two myosin heavy chain isoforms, the products of the unc-54 and myo-3 genes, were used to detect body-wall muscle differentiation. We have screened 77 deficiencies, covering approximately 72% of the genome. Deficiency homozygotes in most cases stain with antibodies to the body-wall muscle myosins and in many cases muscle contractile function is observed. We have identified two regions showing distinct defects in myosin heavy chain gene expression. Embryos homozygous for deficiencies removing the left tip of chromosome V fail to accumulate the myo-3 and unc-54 products, but express antigens characteristic of hypodermal, pharyngeal and neural development. Embryos lacking a large region on chromosome III accumulate the unc-54 product but not the myo-3 product. We conclude that there exist only a small number of loci whose zygotic expression is uniquely required for adoption of a muscle cell fate.
Partial Purification of a Growth Factor from Orange Juice Which Affects Citrus Tissue Culture and Its Replacement by Citric Acid (1975)

Orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) tissue cultures required a supply of orange juice to the medium for their vigorous growth. The growth-promoting activity of juice seemed to involve both cell division and cell enlargement. Juice had no promotive activity in bioassays for auxins, gibberellins, and cytokinins. The growth promoting activity of juice was mostly transferred into 1-butanol upon partition at pH 2. Gas chromatographic analysis of this acid 1-butanol fraction revealed large amounts of citric acid and negligible amounts of other organic acids. Supply of pure citric acid to the medium, alone or in combination with different concentrations of juice, indicated that citric acid replaces most of the requirement for juice.It seems that citric acid, which is a natural component of citrus juice, is responsible for the major part of the growth-promoting activity of the juice. The significance of citric acid as a growth factor in tissue cultures and the reasons for the dependence of citrus tissue cultures on external supply of citric acid are discussed.
Synthesis, Optical Properties, and Electronic Structures of Fully Core‐Modified Porphyrin Dications and Isophlorins (2012)

The synthesis, structures, optical properties, and electronic structures of the tetraphenyltetrathiaporphyrin dication (S(4)TPP(2+), 6) and tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)tetrathiaisophlorin (S(4)F(20)TPP, 7) are reported. S(4)TPP(2+) (6) and S(4)F(20)TPP (7) were synthesized by acid-catalyzed condensation of the corresponding hydroxylmethylthiophene, followed by oxidation. The electronic structures of S(4)TPP(2+) (6) and S(4)F(20)TPP (7) were analyzed by using UV/Vis-absorption spectroscopy and by magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectroscopy and the bands were assigned by using time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) and ZINDO/s calculations. A red-shift of the Q bands of S(4)TPP(2+) (6) is observed relative to the spectra of tetraphenylporphyrins because a destabilization of the HOMO leads to a narrower HOMO-LUMO band-gap. Michl's perimeter model was used to assign the absorption bands and MCD spectra of S(4)F(20)TPP (7). Current-density maps and nucleus-independent chemical-shift (NICS) calculations of S(4)TPP(2+) (6) and of a model compound predict marked modification to the diamagnetic ring current, whilst nonaromatic character is predicted for S(4)F(20)TPP (7).
VERGE AND DEEP (1948)

Journal Article VERGE AND DEEP Get access Geoffrey Johnson Geoffrey Johnson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar English: Journal of the English Association, Volume 7, Issue 37, Spring 1948, Pages 21-a–21, https://doi.org/10.1093/english/7.37.21-a Published: 01 March 1948
Certification plan for reactor analysis computer codes (1990)

A certification plan for reactor analysis computer codes used in Technical Specifications development and for other safety and production support calculations has been prepared. An action matrix, checklists, a time schedule, and a resource commitment table have been included in the plan. These items identify what is required to achieve certification of the codes, the time table that this will be accomplished on, and the resources needed to support such an effort.
Contraintes situationnelles et plasticité individuelle : compétences des systèmes vicariants (2002)

Les contraintes situationnelles Au sein d'une espèce donnée, l'ampleur des différences observables entre les individus est régulée de manière non linéaire par les contraintes situationnelles. En effet, le modèle darwinien traditionnel suppose qu'en fonction de caractères adaptatifs positifs, un tri sévère s'effectue au niveau même de la population des individus. En cas de fortes contraintes, les différences sont alors réduites et la population semble obéir à une loi générale. Baldwin (1896) e...
Rectification Effects Using Polyelectrolyte Solutions (1968)

Abstract The rectifying properties of liquid junctions of polyelectrolyte solutions are examined and discussed. In the case of liquid junctions between aqueous solutions of poly(styrene-sulfonic acid) and poly(2-vinyl-N-n-butylpyridinium hydroxide), the rectification effects greatly depend on the concentrations of the polyelectrolytes and on the frequencies of the voltages applied, that is, rectification effects can not be found when the concentrations of polyelectrolytes are lower than 0.68×10−3 equivalents per liter and when the frequencies of the alternating voltages are higher than 200 cps. The mechanism of rectification can be explained to some extent by a semiconductor analogy. In the case of liquid junctions between poly(styrene-sulfonic acid) and poly(2-vinyl-N-n-butylpyridinium bromide), the static current versus voltage curves have strong hysteresis loops. The rectification effects can be slightly observed when alternating voltages with frequencies lower than 100 cps are applied. In this case, however, the mechanism of rectification can not be explained by the semiconductor analogy.
Determination of the possible magnitude of the charging effect in a SCALPEL mask membrane (1999)

Previously, we theoretically investigated the charging of free standing dielectric thin films irradiated by 100 keV electrons and formulated kinetic equations describing the dynamic process [M. Mkrtchyan et al., Microelectron. Eng. 46, 233 (1999)]. It was shown that in the currently used SCALPEL® masks comprising a 1000-Å-thick amorphous SiNx film supported by a grillage of Si struts, the membrane charging could be significant and might have an adverse effect on the system performance. The membrane charging, sensitive to both the conductivity and the geometry of conductive path, can be regulated in a straightforward manner by tailoring both of them; for instance, by applying a top surface conductive layer (TSCL) with an appropriate thickness and doping level. Here we discuss the results obtained on the basis of our charging model modified to be applicable to the case of a SiNx membrane with a TSCL (e.g., a 10-nm-thick amorphous Si or poly-Si film doped by boron). The results presented demonstrate that this modification of the membrane is sufficient to avoid the adverse effect of the mask-membrane charging. The required structure can be generated simply by regulating the gas flows in the low-pressure chemical vapor deposition process to produce a thin final layer of a:Si or poly-Si which can be doped during or after deposition.
<title>Novel bonding method for polymer-based microfluidic platforms</title> (2001)

Polymer-based microfluidic platforms have great potential for use in BioMEMS applications because many polymers are low cost, biocompatible, and have good processibility. However, packaging (i.e., sealing the platform with a lid) is a challenging issue in their fabrication. In this paper, we compare several available bonding techniques such as adhesive tape bonding and chemical-assisted bonding with a new method recently developed in our lab: resin-gas injection-assisted bonding. This new approach can easily seal microfluidic devices with micron and sub-micron sized channels without blocking the flow path. It can also be used to modify the channel shape, size, and surface characteristics (e.g., hydrophilicity, degree of protein adsorption). By applying the masking technique, local modification of the channel surface can be achieved through cascade resin-gas injection. Experiments are carried out to demonstrate the bonding efficiency and surface modification.
MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF MICROWAVE HEATING BY THE METHOD OF DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS (1989)

Dimensional analysis was used to develop a predictive mathematical model for microwave heating of water. Water properties (density, specific heat, thermal conductivity and dielectric loss factor), power output and frequency of microwave, and geometric parameters were included in the dimensionless terms. Two household microwave cavities (donated by Tappan and Litton) were used. Time-temperature data were collected using a Luxtron fluoroptic temperature sensor (model 750) equipped with fiber optic probes. the predictive model, which was based on data taken in a Litton microwave cavity, was used to predict heating time of water in a Tappan microwave cavity. the results showed good agreement between the measured and the predicted time duration, with a high correlation coefficient (R2=. 99).
Methods of Evaluating Materials for Icebreaker Hull Coatings (1982)

The choice of suitable bench tests to evaluate the wear of materials must be prefaced by careful consideration of the various modes of wear that may be encountered in the actual application. For example, sliding tests at constant loads and velocities can provide useful information on wear rates and frictional behavior for mechanisms that operate under similar conditions. If the application also involves impact loading and abrasion, however, the wear data obtained from the simple sliding tests may be very misleading. It is essential to select test conditions that realistically simulate the operating conditions. This article describes the types of bench tests that were used to screen candidate materials for use as coatings on icebreaker hulls. Such coatings are subjected to high impact loads and severe two-body abrasion. Good correlation was found between the results of the bench tests and full-scale tests on actual icebreakers.
Multi-agent belief revision (1996)

We introduce a basic framework for multi-agent belief revision in heterogeneous societies where agents are required to be consistent in their beliefs on shared variables. We identify several properties one may require a general multi-agent belief revision operator to satisfy, and show several basic implications of these requirements. Our work reveals the connection between multi-agent belief revision and the theory of social choice, and attempts to provide some initial understanding of the multi-agent belief revision process. 1 Introduction Consider an agent, a set of beliefs it adopts, and a new observation it makes. Taking the new observation as a fact that should be incorporated to its beliefs, the agent may need to revise its beliefs. Belief revision is a basic research topic in AI [Gar88, KM91, FH94, dS92, Gro88, Doy91], and research on the theory of belief revision seems to converge to a well-established theory [Gar92]. Most of the theory developed in this area has concentrated ...
Dietary polyphenols promote resilience against sleep deprivation‐induced cognitive impairment by activating protein translation (2018)

Previous evidence has suggested that dietary supplementation with a bioactive dietary polyphenol preparation (BDPP) rescues impairment of hippocampus-dependent memory in a mouse model of sleep deprivation (SD). In the current study, we extend our previous evidence and demonstrate that a mechanism by which dietary BDPP protects against SD-mediated cognitive impairment is via mechanisms that involve phosphorylation of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 and its direct downstream targets, including the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E)-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) and the ribosomal protein S6 kinase β-1 (p70S6K). In additional mechanistic studies in vitro, we identified the brain bioavailable phenolic metabolites derived from the metabolism of dietary BDPP that are responsible for the attenuation of SD-mediated memory impairments. On the basis of high-throughput bioavailability studies of brain bioavailable metabolites after dietary BDPP treatment, we found that select polyphenol metabolites [ e.g., cyanidin-3'- O-glucoside and 3-(3'-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid] were able to rescue mTOR and p70S6K phosphorylation in primary cortico-hippocampal neuronal cultures, as well as rescue 4E-BP1 phosphorylation in response to treatment with 4EGI-1, a specific inhibitor of eIF4E-eIF4G interaction. Our findings reveal a previously unknown role for dietary polyphenols in the rescue of SD-mediated memory impairments via mechanisms involving the promotion of protein translation.-Frolinger, T., Smith, C., Cobo, C. F., Sims, S., Brathwaite, J., de Boer, S., Huang, J., Pasinetti, G. M. Dietary polyphenols promote resilience against sleep deprivation-induced cognitive impairment by activating protein translation.
Factoring the Contribution of Through-Space and Through-Bond Interactions to Rates of Photoinduced Electron Transfer in Donor-Spacer-Acceptor Molecules using Ultrafast Transient Absorption Spectroscopy (1996)

It is well known that the rate of intramolecular electron transfer in linked donor-acceptor molecules is not only dependent upon the distance and orientation between the donor (D) and acceptor (A), but is also dependent upon the electronic properties of the intervening spacer (S) molecules between the redox centers[1]. If the distance between D and A is small enough to allow for direct overlap between the frontier orbitals of the donor and acceptor, electron transfer may occur by means of a through-space mechanism. When the D and A centers are too far apart for direct orbital overlap to be important, electron transfer may occur via a superexchange or through bond interaction. Both contributions to the total electronic coupling matrix element for electron transfer between the donor and acceptor depend on the distance and the orientation of the various molecular components. Thus, it is important to hold both the distance and geometry of the donor and acceptor fixed as the properties of the covalent spacer between them are varied. Achieving this degree of structural control in a D-S-A molecule is often a difficult task.
Performance Comparison of Bursty Traffic Models (1991)

Models of bursty arrival processes are reviewed and compared with re- spect to their in uence on the performance of a single server system. Considerable variations are found between different models fitted to the same traffic, though some models exhibit similar behaviour. Comparing the ability of the models to reproduce the performance of an explicitly given parcel they all tend to fail.
Psychometric properties of the 25-item NEI-VFQ in a Hispanic population: Proyecto VER. (2001)

In this study of Hispanic people age 40 years or older, the NEI-VFQ-25 was sensitive to presenting acuity and other demographic variables, such as age, gender, and income. The findings from this psychometric analysis provide evidence of the reliability and validity of some of the scales in the 25-item NEI-VFQ when used among people with a range of visual acuity level, providing other explanatory variables are also considered.
In-situ characterization and extraction of SRAM variability (2010)

Measurement and extraction of as fabricated SRAM cell variability is essential to process improvement and robust design. This is challenging in practice, due to the complexity in the test procedure and requisite numerical analysis. This work proposes a new singleended test procedure for SRAM cell write margin measurement. Moreover, an efficient decomposition method is developed to extract transistor threshold voltage (VTH) variations from the measurements, allowing accurate determination of SRAM cell stability. The entire approach is demonstrated in a 90nm test chip with 32K cells. The advantages of the proposed method include: (1) a single-ended SRAM test structure with no disturbance to SRAM operations; (2) a convenient test procedure that only requires quasistatic control of external voltages; and (3) a non-iterative method that extracts the VTH variation of each transistor from eight measurements. The new procedure enables accurate predictions of SRAM performance variability. As validated with 90nm data of write margin and data retention voltage, the prediction error from extracted VTH variations is < 4% at all corners.