gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intraoperative image-guided stereotactic surgery. Ultrasound computed tomography(US-CT) for neurosurgical procedures. (1996)

Color transcranial Doppler ultrasoundの臨床応用は, Willis輪を中心とした頭蓋内脳主幹動脈の把握や脳動静脈奇形, 脳腫瘍, 脳動脈瘤などの非侵襲的な描出を可能にしている.近年導入され始めた“color Doppler energy”とか“power Doppler”とか呼ばれるcolor transcranial Doppler ultrasoundは、実質臓器のより細かい動脈や静脈の描出を可能にし、さらにROIを設定することにより任意の部位のspectral Doppler blood velocity waveformをも得ることができるように改良されてきている.本研究ではこのcolor transcranial“power”Doppler ultrasoundをクモ膜下出血症例に応用し、脳動脈瘤に対する診断能の検討を試みている.対象は40例で、脳血管撮影所見をgold standardとして比較検討している.超音波ドップラー装置は, model XP10V (Acuson Corp., Mountain View, CA) を用いている.超音波ドップラー検査は経側頭骨で行い, 撮像は冠状断と水平断で行っている.動脈瘤の大きさを水平断の静止画像上でelectric calipersを用いて計測し, 心拍周期によるexpasibilityを (maximum-minimum aneurysm area) / (maximum+minimum aneurysmarea) ×0.5で定量化している.Color transcranial“power”Doppler ultrasoudによる動脈瘤の同定は次のcriteriaで行っている. (1) 異常な脳血管が予測できない部位での異常なカラーの描出, (2) 異常な血管のbulging, (3) 正常の脳血管に比してexpansibilityが明かに大きい血管部位.この症例群では脳血管撮影にて31例に37個の脳動脈瘤を診断し, 9例では動脈瘤を認あていない.この脳血管撮影所見とcolor transcranial“power”Doppler ultrasound所見が完全な一致をみたのは31例で, 残り9例のうち5例では十分はDoppler ultrasound画像が得られいない.この37個の動脈瘤のうち26個はcolor transcranial“power”Doppler ultrasoundで診断出来ている.一方false-positiveの診断は, 1例に認めているが, 著明な脳血管攣縮が前大脳動脈, 中大脳動脈に生じていたbasilar tipの動脈瘤症例であった.動脈瘤の心拍周期に伴う大きさの変化に関して動脈瘤のexpansibilityは53%で, 動脈瘤近傍の正常動脈のexpansibilityは20%で, 両群間に有意な差を認めている.以上よりcolor transcranial“power” Doppler ultrasoundは, 従来のDoppler imagingよりの頭蓋内血流にsensitiveであり, 動脈瘤の診断やfollow upまた脳血管攣縮の検索に有用性が高いことを示唆している.Laboratoryphantommodelsではpulsatilityは近位部と遠位部の両方の血管抵抗に影響されうることが示されている.近位部の血管抵抗が上昇すると血流のpulsatilityは低下し, 遠位部の血管抵抗が上昇すると血流のpulsatilityは上昇する.TranscranialDopplerの臨床研究では, 遠位部の脳血管抵抗が上昇した時に血流速波形のpulsatilityが上昇すると指摘されている.しかし, pulsatilityindex (PI) から脳血管抵抗を定量的に予測することが可能かどうかにっいては証明されていない.脳血管抵抗とPIの関係は動脈血圧のpulsatilityの変化と脳主幹動脈のmechanoelasticpropertiesの変化により影響を受ける可能性がある.この関係を明らかにするため, 本論文では動物実験modelで, 動脈血のCO2濃度の上昇及び頭蓋内潅流圧の低下により, 脳血管抵抗の低下を引き起こしPI及びresistantindex (RI) の変化を検討している.方法は, 12匹のNewZealandwhiterabbitsを用い気管切開, 全身麻酔下に, 8-MHzのprobeを用いtranscranialDopplerで脳底動脈の流速を測定している.また大脳皮質の血流をlaserDopplerで計測し, 頭蓋内圧をmonitorしている.動脈血圧や呼気終末のCO2濃度も持続的に測定している.以上より脳血管抵抗 (脳潅流圧/大脳皮質の血流量) とGoslingPulsatilityIndex (PI, 血流速波形のamplitude/平均血流速) を算出している.対象を次の4groupに分けて検討している.Group1: 動脈血CO2濃度を変える.Group2: 脱血により脳潅流圧を変化させる.Group3: Short-actingなganglionblockerであるtrimetaphan静注法により一過性に血圧を変化させる.Group4: くも膜下腔に生食を注入する方法により頭蓋内圧を変化させる.Grouplの過換気状態では, 大脳皮質の脳血管抵抗とPIは有意な正の相関があった.Group1以外の脳潅流圧が低下した他の3groupのすべてで, pulsatilityindexと脳血管抵抗の間に有意な負の相関が見られた.PIはすべての状況下において単純に脳血管抵抗の指標になるとは断定出来ないと結論づけている.
Alternative respiratory chain enzymes: Therapeutic potential and possible pitfalls (2018)

The alternative respiratory chain (aRC), comprising the alternative NADH dehydrogenases (NDX) and quinone oxidases (AOX), is found in microbes, fungi and plants, where it buffers stresses arising from restrictions on electron flow in the oxidative phosphorylation system. The aRC enzymes are also found in species belonging to most metazoan phyla, including some chordates and arthropods species, although not in vertebrates or in Drosophila. We postulated that the aRC enzymes might be deployed to alleviate pathological stresses arising from mitochondrial dysfunction in a wide variety of disease states. However, before such therapies can be contemplated, it is essential to understand the effects of aRC enzymes on cell metabolism and organismal physiology. Here we report and discuss new findings that shed light on the functions of the aRC enzymes in animals, and the unexpected benefits and detriments that they confer on model organisms. In Ciona intestinalis, the aRC is induced by hypoxia and by sulfide, but is unresponsive to other environmental stressors. When expressed in Drosophila, AOX results in impaired survival under restricted nutrition, in addition to the previously reported male reproductive anomalies. In contrast, it confers cold resistance to developing and adult flies, and counteracts cell signaling defects that underlie developmental dysmorphologies. The aRC enzymes may also influence lifespan and stress resistance more generally, by eliciting or interfering with hormetic mechanisms. In sum, their judicious use may lead to major benefits in medicine, but this will require a thorough characterization of their properties and physiological effects.
NUCLEOTIDES IN ASPERGILLUS ORYZAE* (1958)

Journal Article NUCLEOTIDES IN ASPERGILLUS ORYZAE Get access KAZUO OKUNUKI, KAZUO OKUNUKI Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of OsakaOsaka Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar KOZO IWASA, KOZO IWASA Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of OsakaOsaka Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar FUMIO IMAMOTO, FUMIO IMAMOTO Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of OsakaOsaka Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar TADAYOSHI HIGASHIYAMA TADAYOSHI HIGASHIYAMA Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of OsakaOsaka Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Biochemistry, Volume 45, Issue 10, October 1958, Pages 795–798, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a126808 Published: 01 October 1958 Article history Received: 14 October 1957 Published: 01 October 1958
Gene expression of angiotensin II receptor subtypes in the cerebellar cortex of young rats (1996)

Both AT1 and AT2 receptors were detected in the cerebellar cortex of 2-week-old rats by [125I]Sar1-angiotensin II binding. In contrast, using in situ hybridization histochemistry we found only AT1A and AT1B but not AT2 receptor mRNA in the cerebellar cortex of young rats. Expression of AT1A and AT1B receptor mRNA coding for either receptor subtype was found in the molecular or granular cell layers. Our results suggest that AT1 receptors may be located on dendrites of Purkinje cells expressing AT1A and AT1B receptor mRNA, whereas the AT2 receptor binding in the molecular layer may be located on nerve terminals of fibers projecting to the cerebellar, cortex from distant areas.
A Comparison of Symptom Determinants of Patient and Clinician Global Ratings in Patients with Panic Disorder and Depression (1993)

The Clinical Global Impression (CGI) is a standard assessment tool that generally shows good sensitivity to change in psychopharmacology trials. However, systematic assessment has not been conducted to determine how rating decisions are made. In this article, we examine the relationship between syndromal symptomatology and the CGI severity and improvement ratings in a study of 116 patients who met DSM-III-R criteria for both Panic Disorder and Depression. Anticipatory anxiety and depression ratings were significantly associated with each CGI item. Frequency of panic attacks was consistently related to the clinician's rating of severity but was only sporadically related to the clinician and patient improvement ratings. These findings are fairly consistent during the course of treatment. Our empirical examination of symptom determinants of the CGI demonstrates that it appears to be used systematically, yet global ratings are not merely a composite of symptomatology. Its widespread application in clinical trials is well justified.
Heparan Sulfate-modulated, Metalloprotease-mediated Sonic Hedgehog Release from Producing Cells (2009)

The ectodomains of numerous proteins are released from cells by matrix metalloproteases to yield soluble intercellular regulators. A disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) family members have often been found to be the responsible "sheddases," ADAM17/tumor necrosis factor-alpha-converting enzyme being its best characterized member. In this work, we show that ShhNp (lipidated and membrane-tethered Sonic hedgehog) is released from Bosc23 cells by metalloprotease-mediated ectodomain shedding, resulting in a soluble and biologically active morphogen. ShhNp shedding is increased by ADAM17 coexpression and cholesterol depletion of cells with methyl-beta-cyclodextrin and is reduced by metalloprotease inhibitors as well as ADAM17 RNA interference. We also show that the amount of shed ShhNp is modulated by extracellular heparan sulfate (HS) and that ShhNp shedding depends on specific HS sulfations. Based on those data, we suggest new roles for metalloproteases, including but not restricted to ADAM17, and for HS-proteoglycans in Hedgehog signaling.
Human histologic verification of osseointegration of an immediate implant placed into a fresh extraction socket with excessive gap distance without primary flap closure, graft, or membrane: a case report. (2012)

The aim of this research was to verify clinically and histologically whether an excessively large horizontal and vertical gap distance of an implant placed into an immediate extraction socket would osseointegrate coronally at the implant-socket interface without primary flap closure, a bone graft, or a barrier membrane. An immediate implant and straight-profile healing abutment were placed at the palatal aspect of the extraction socket replacing a nonrestorable maxillary left canine. The residual horizontal defect measured 4.2 mm buccolingually and was allowed to heal by secondary intention. The implant was loaded after 5 months and biopsied after 10 months of placement, using the coronal portion of the buccal bone. The histologic section of the coronal aspect of the implant interface revealed intimate bone contact to the first thread. There was reestablishment of the implant biologic width coronal to the bone contact with connective tissue and junctional epithelium. This case report provides clinical and histologic proof that the immediate placement of implants into extraction sockets with an intact buccal wall allows healing and osseointegration despite a large gap distance and without primary flap closure, a bone graft, or a barrier membrane.
Locating 3D edges by direct methods in motion based vision (2002)

Mobile vision leads to more robust methods of recovering the structure than those based on binocular stereo vision. To solve the structure from motion problem using direct methods can avoid both optical flow and correspondence computation. In this paper, we propose to obtain the location of 3D straight edges from a camera placed in the hand of a robot using these methods. The algorithm is based on the image regions supporting the geometric features and can be applied with any known camera motion.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Three-Dimensional Motion Tracking System: Design and Evaluation of MnScan-2 (1994)

Abstract There are many applications for three dimensional motion tracking including human and machine motion measurement. We have developed a method for three dimensional tracking of objects within large volumes which is based on multiple laser generated light planes which rotate at constant angular velocity. By measuring the elapsed time between laser triggered moving photo detector targets within the data collection field and fixed photo detectors at the field boundaries, position information is generated in real time. The data which has a high signal to noise ratio under ambient light conditions, is acquired at a bandwidth of 480 Hz. By employing a pipeline architecture, the coordinate time count data is memory mapped directly into the controlling CPU. With this pipeline architecture, our present system is capable of tracking the XYZ coordinates for up to 60 targets, without affecting the data acquisition bandwidth. Extensive testing was performed on the system prototype to determine its performance in a 10 cubic meter field of view. For all axes, the accuracy was determined for the entire volume at the 95% level of confidence. The repeatability was specified by ± 2 standard deviations. For the X axis, the measurement standard deviation was ± 0.0079 inches (± 0.2007 mm) about a mean offset of + 0.004 inches (+ 0.101 mm) from the true value, with a repeatability of ± 0.0159 inches (± 0.4013 mm). The Y axis accuracy can be characterized by a standard deviation of ± 0.0091 inches (± 0.2286 mm) about a mean offset of + 0.0170 inches (+ 0.4318 mm) from the true value, with a repeatability of ± 0.0182 inches (± 0.4622 mm). For the Z axis, the standard deviation was ± 0.0076 inches (± 0.1930 mm) about a mean offset of −0.029 inches (−0.736 mm) from the true value, with a repeatability of ± 0.0153 inches (± 0.3860 mm). Using the mean offset and repeatability for each axis, the accuracy was determined to be as follows: 0.0164 inches for X, 0.0249 inches for Y, and 0.0328 inches for Z. The resolution for the three axes are: 0.005 inches (0.127 mm), 0.005 inches (0.127 mm), and 0.004 inches (0.102 mm) for X, Y, and Z, respectively. With straightforward modifications, further improvements in resolution, accuracy and repeatability can be achieved.
Neural Japanese Zero Anaphora Resolution with Candidate Reduction Using Large-scale Case Frames (2019)

本論文では日本語文内・文間ゼロ照応解析モデルを提案する．文間ゼロ照応解析において複数格の同時推定を行う際，複数の文をまたぐ大量の格要素の組合せ候補を取り扱う必要があり，これはゼロ照応解析モデルの訓練，解析に際して重大な障害となる．この問題に対して，我々は格フレームの情報を用いた効果的な解候補削減手法を提案する．提案解候補削減を用いて複数格を同時推定したモデルと解候補削減を用いずにそれぞれの格を独立に推定したモデルを日本語均衡コーパス上で比較し，0.056 の精度向上を確認した．また，ローカルアテンション付き RNN を導入することで，文間ゼロ照応解析の精度が上昇することも確認した．
Thrombospondin is synthesized and secreted by human osteoblasts and osteosarcoma cells (1989)

In this study we have shown by both immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation techniques that human osteoblasts and osteosarcoma cells synthesize and secrete thrombospondin, a 450-kDa glycoprotein initially found in platelets. Immunofluorescence with a mouse monoclonal antibody to human platelet thrombospondin yielded specific granular staining within the cytoplasm of human osteoblasts. SDS/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of immunoprecipitates obtained with polyclonal and monoclonal anti-thrombospondin antibodies allows the identification of thrombospondin in the cellular lysates and the culture media of biosynthetically labelled osteoblasts and osteosarcoma cells. Kinetic and dose/response studies of osteoblasts and of two osteosarcoma cell lines (MG-63, SaOs-2) were performed to assess the ability of these cells to adhere to thrombospondin and type-I collagen. Thrombospondin promoted the attachment of human osteoblasts whereas it inhibited the adhesion of MG-63 and SaOs-2 cells, both when it was directly adsorbed to plastic and when it was bound to type-I collagen. Therefore osteoblasts and osteosarcoma cells may be valuable tools to study the role of thrombospondin in cell adhesion.
Changes in frequency, morphology, and behavior of tumors induced in mice by a polyoma virus mutant with a specifically altered oncogene. (1992)

Alterations in the tumor-inducing ability of a polyoma virus mutant encoding a partially defective middle T oncogene have been investigated. The mutant middle T associates with and activates the tyrosine protein kinase pp60c-src normally but does not promote binding of a second enzyme, phosphatidyl-inositol 3-kinase. Compared with the wild type virus, this mutant shows an altered and reduced ability to induce tumors after inoculation into newborn mice, as judged by the following criteria: lower frequency of tumors, reduced morbidity and increased survival times of host mice, changes in the spectrum of tumor types, and altered morphologic properties of tumors at several target organ sites. These results indicate an important role of changes in 3-phosphoinositide metabolism in induction of a variety of tumors in this experimental system.
The induction and suppression of hypothalamic self-stimulation behavior by micro-injection of endogenous substances at the self-stimulation site. (1964)

Induction and suppression of hypothalamic self- stimulation behavior by microinjection of endogenous substances at self-stimulation site
SMOS payload status after six years in orbit operational and thermal performance, calibration strategy & RFI management (2016)

The SMOS Payload is a single instrument, the Microwave Imaging Radiometer using Aperture Synthesis (MIRAS), which is a passive microwave 2D-interferometric radiometer working in the L-Band. The MIRAS antenna aperture is synthesized from 69 antenna elements arranged in a Y-shaped configuration. In this paper, the current status of the SMOS payload after more than 6 years in orbit is overviewed from four different perspectives: (1) Operational Performance, indicating how some anomalies have been dealt with in orbit and the availability figures accounting for more than 99%, (2) Thermal Performance, where we review the thermal requirements of the instrument and we analyze the temperature evolution of the system in some examples, (3) Calibration Strategy, being quite demanding for MIRAS, have required only few changes since launch, and (4) RFI Management, where we provide an overview of the RFI situation since launch and the progress achieved after 6 years of due actions by ESA to switchoff or mitigate the impact of interference sources.
Identification of a Sex-factor-affinity Site in E. coli as    (1981)

Many conjugative bacterial plasmids are capable of promoting the conjugal transfer of normally physically unlinked replicons, including the main bacterial chromosome (for review, see Holloway 1979). Such behavior has been termed mobilization (Novick et al. 1976) or conduction (Clark and Adelberg 1962; Clark and Warren 1979). One model proposed to describe at least some such interactions involves recombination between regions of extensive nucleotide sequence homology on both the conjugative and nonconjugative replicons (Clark and Warren 1979). Such recombination-mediated processes occur in the cases of some experimentally altered plasmids (Wilkins 1969; Kleckner et al. 1977; Barth 1979).
Dental Alterations Associated with X-Linked Hypophosphatemic Rickets (2004)

The X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets is a rare metabolic disorder characterized by low serum phosphate levels caused by a decreased renal tubular reabsorption of inorganic phosphates. The initial complaints are a delay in the development of walking caused by deformity of the legs. Oral findings include poorly mineralized dentin, enlarged pulp chambers and root canals, and periradicular abscesses in caries-free teeth. We present three patients from the same family with X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets showing bone and dental alterations.
Pseudo‐Spherical Host Molecules: Synthesis, Dimerization, and Nucleation Effects (1995)

The guest decides which host is formed! This was the result of studies with the compounds 1 and 2, which form the adducts 1–1, 2–2, or 1–2 in solution, depending on the molecular size of the solvent molecule. R = CO2Et.
Surface Phonon Dynamics in 2H-TaSe <sub>2</sub> (001) (1988)

We report the experimental determination of acoustic and optical phonon curves of 2H-TaSe2(001) by means of He scattering. The Rayleigh modes at 140 K appear to be well localized below the bulk transverse acoustic band at the zone boundary. The data, analysed by a dispersive-linear chain model, indicate a substantial change of interactions in the Ta sheet of the topmost layer
Fate in the soil of an oil additive of plant origin (2002)

The methyl ester of oleic acid, a plant oil derivative, can be used as an additive oil for pesticides. We compared the biodegradability in soil of this oil with that of a mineral oil by means of laboratory experiments using lysimeters of 70 cm height x 20 cm diameter. The migration in soil of the oils and of the metabolites of the plant ester over 120 days was examined by gas chromatography and liquid chromatography. The plant oil and its metabolites were completely degraded within 60 days, whereas degradation of the mineral oil required 90 days. The molecules did not migrate far into the soil and therefore presented no risk of contaminating groundwater.
Extraction of<i>Melaleuca cajuputi</i>Using Supercritic Fluid Extraction and Solvent Extraction (2010)

Abstract Extracts of Melaleuca cajuputi were obtained by supercritical (carbon dioxide) extraction and solvent (hexane) extraction methods. This work is aimed at adapting the green technology of using supercritical CO2 (SC-CO2) as solvent in a batch process to extract Melaleuca cajuputi leaves. The plant leaves were collected from Trengganu, Malaysia. Cajuputi extract analyses were performed by GC and GC/MS. The maximum yields obtained were 4.2% and 6.0%, respectively, by supercritical fluid (SFE) and solvent extraction (SE). Several compounds were identified and significant qualitative and quantitative differences were observed under different conditions. The major components of Cajuputi oil consisted of sesquiterpenes (δ-elemene, β-elemene, β-caryophyllene, α-humulene, 9-epi-β-caryophyllene), their oxygenated derivatives (viridiflorol, platyphyllol, β-eudesmol, bulnesol, (Z,Z)-farnesol and (E,E)-farnesal) and polyphenolic ketones (isoeugenitine and three unknown compounds).
TRANSPORT MECHANISMS OF MONOCARBOXYLIC ACID DRUGS THROUGH THE LIPID BILAYER (1997)

In this report, we have determined the uptake of salicylic acid (SA) by liposomes and proposed the pH-dependent but not carrier-mediated transport mechanisms of SA through the lipid bilayer. The permeability of various drugs to the liposomal membrane, estimated from their inhibitory effects on SA uptake, correlated well with their permeability to rat intestinal membrane in vivo, and that to Caco-2 monolayer in vitro. In addition, the high permeability of SA or benzoic acid to the lipid bilayer was confirmed by means of molecular mechanics calculations in which the polar surface area and the electrical potential of drug molecules were used as the parameters of their permeability. Our results could be expected to describe the mechanisms of the intestinal absorption of monocarboxylic acid drugs.
Effect of Prostacyclin (PGI<sub>2</sub>) on Renal Function and Renin Secretion in Hypophysectomized Dogs (1980)

The effect of PGI2, the principal metabolite of arachidonic acid in mammalian arterial and venous tissues, on renal function and renin secretion was investigated in anesthetized, hypophysectomized dogs undergoing a maximal water diuresis. PGI2 in a concentration of 0.04 microgram/kg/min significantly increased urine flow and urinary sodium and potassium excretion in the absence of changes in glomerular filtration rate or blood pressure. The fact that PCI2 significantly increased free water clearance and distal delivery of sodium and inhibited distal fractional rea0sorption of glomerular filtrate is suggestive of an effect on proximal as well as distal sites of the nephron. PGI2 increased renin secretion rates threefold. This promotion of renin release may have been caused by an increase of ion flux across the macula densa or by an increase in renal blood flow. On a molar basis, PGI2 is about 10 times more potent than PGE2 with regard to natriuresis, diuresis and renin release when studied under identical conditions. Thus, PCI2 may be the major prostaglandin involved in the regulation of salt and water excretion.
Telomerase and cancer: where and when? (2001)

Several lines of evidence now support the notion that the maintenance of telomeres plays an essential role during malignant transformation. Mammalian telomeres, specialized nucleoprotein structures composed of large concatamers of the guanine-rich sequence 5′-TTAGGG-3′, constitute the ends of