gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A White-Type Multiple-Pass Absorption Cell of Simple Construction (1963)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text T. K. McCubbin and R. P. Grosso, "A White-Type Multiple-Pass Absorption Cell of Simple Construction," Appl. Opt. 2, 764_1-765 (1963) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Precise Automatic Inexpensive Buret Reader (1960)

An instrument has been developed to find automatically the level of a colorless liquid in a glass tube and to indicate the volume on a digital register. The instrument is applied to volumetric measurements required in a chemical titration. The first model has a range of 40 ml, a precision of ± 0.02 ml on a single determination (95% confidence level), and a bias of 0.1%. A photocell detector with a cable and drum elevating and measuring mechanical system is employed.
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in the basolateral amygdala are required for both acquisition and expression of conditional fear in rats. (1996)

Three experiments examined the effects of intra-amygdaloid infusions of an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, D,L-2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate (APV), on contextual fear conditioning in rats. In Experiment 1, APV infusion into the basolateral amygdala (BLA), before training, disrupted the acquisition of contextual fear. In Experiment 2, APV produced a disruption of both the acquisition and expression of contextual fear. This blockade of contextual fear was not state dependent, not due to a shift in footshock sensitivity, and not the result of increased motor activity in APV-treated rats. In Experiment 3, fear conditioning was not affected by a posttraining APV infusion into the BLA. These results indicate that NMDA receptors in the BLA are necessary for both the acquisition and expression of Pavlovian fear conditioning to contextual cues in rats.
The complete amino acid sequence of the catalytic domain of rat brain hexokinase, deduced from the cloned cDNA. (1988)

The complete amino acid sequence of the catalytic domain of rat brain hexokinase (ATP:D-hexose 6-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.1) has been deduced from the nucleotide sequence of cloned cDNA. Extensive similarity in sequence, taken to indicate similarity in secondary and tertiary structure, is seen between the mammalian enzyme and yeast hexokinase isozymes A and B. All residues critical for binding glucose to the yeast enzyme are conserved in brain hexokinase. A location for the substrate ATP binding site is proposed based on relation of structural features in the yeast enzyme to characteristics commonly observed in other nucleotide binding enzymes; sequences in regions proposed to be important for binding of ATP to the yeast enzyme are highly conserved in brain hexokinase.
Optimization of a Phage Amplification Assay To Permit Accurate Enumeration of Viable <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> Cells (2009)

A commercially available phage amplification assay, FASTPlaqueTB (Biotec Laboratories, Ipswich, United Kingdom), when used according to the manufacturer's instructions, does not permit accurate enumeration of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. The aim of this study was to optimize the phage amplification assay conditions to permit accurate quantification of viable M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis cells. The burst time for M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis was initially determined to inform decisions about optimal incubation time before plating, and then other test parameters were altered to evaluate how the correlation between plaque and colony counts was affected. The D29 mycobacteriophage replicates more slowly in M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis than in Mycobacterium smegmatis (used to optimize the commercial test originally), and the mean burst time for four M. avium subsp. paratuberulosis strains was 210 +/- 36.8 min at 37 degrees C compared to 63 +/- 17.5 min for M. smegmatis mc(2) 155. To achieve 100% correlation between plaque and colony counts, the optimized phage assay includes the following: (i) resuspension of the samples to be tested in Middlebrook 7H9 broth containing 10% oleic acid-albumin-dextrose-catalase and 2 mM calcium chloride, followed by overnight incubation at 37 degrees C before performance of the phage assay; (ii) a 2-h incubation of the sample with D29 mycobacteriophage before viricide treatment; and (iii) a further 90-min incubation after viricide treatment and neutralization up to the burst time (total incubation time, 210 min) before plating with M. smegmatis mc(2) 155 in 7H9 agar. The optimized phage amplification assay was able to detect 1 to 10 CFU/ml of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis in spiked milk or broth within 48 h, as demonstrated by the results of several blind trials.
Closed-loop extended orthogonal space frequency block coding techniques for OFDM based broadband wireless access systems (2008)

A simple extended orthogonal space-frequency coded multiple input single output (MISO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) transmitter diversity technique for wireless communications over frequency selective fading channels is presented. The proposed technique utilizes OFDM to transform frequency selective fading channels into multiple flat fading sub-channels on which space-frequency coding is applied. A four-branch transmitter diversity system is implemented without bandwidth expansion and with only one receive antenna. The associated simulations verify that the four-branch transmitter diversity scheme achieves a significant improvement in average bit-error rate (BER) performance. The proposed scheme also outperforms the previously reported scheme due to Yu, Keroueden, and Yuan with only single phase feedback, and that improvement is retained with quantized feedback. Since the angle feedback is on a per tone basis, the feedback information would be too large for any practical OFDM system. However, we adopt a method which exploits the correlation among the feedback terms for the subcarriers, i.e. a group based quantization technique to reduce the feedback overhead significantly, rendering this scheme attractive to broadband wireless access systems. The performance improvement of convolutionally concatenated space-frequency block coding (CCSBC) schemes is also investigated.
Optical absorption reduction in Bi1Lu2Fe5O12 garnet magneto-optical crystals (1982)

The potential magneto-optical efficiency of Bi1Lu2Fe5O12 garnet grown on Gd3Ga5O12 substrates has been significantly improved through doping of the melt to reduce optical absorption. Order of magnitude reductions in near infrared absorption resulted in figure of merits of 26°/dB at 1.06 μM, 180°/dB at 1.15 μM and an estimated 100°/dB at 1.3 μM.
A new serum-free medium for monoclonal antibody production. (1988)

A new serum-free, defined-protein, medium for the growth of murine hybridoma cells and the production of monoclonal antibodies has been developed. Designated WRC 935 medium, this formulation supports the growth of hybridoma cells in higher numbers, and promotes better cell viabilities and increased monoclonal antibody levels compared to growth in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum or in a DMEM/F-12 serum-free mixture. In suspension cultures, WRC 935 medium typically promoted cell growth to densities over two million cells per milliliter. This medium also promoted the rapid growth of cells following their transfer from liquid nitrogen storage. WRC 935 medium is especially useful for high density cell culture production methods using hollow-fiber bioreactors. Hollow-fiber bioreactors using this medium produced antibody at an average rate of 11 mg/day, and the antibody concentration ranged from 10 to 40 mg/ml.
RTS amplitudes in decananometer MOSFETs: 3-D simulation study (2003)

In this paper we study the amplitudes of random telegraph signals (RTS) associated with the trapping of a single electron in defect states at the Si/SiO/sub 2/ interface of sub-100-nm (decananometer) MOSFETs employing three-dimensional (3-D) "atomistic" simulations. Both continuous doping charge and random discrete dopants in the active region of the MOSFETs are considered in the simulations. The dependence of the RTS amplitudes on the position of the trapped charge in the channel and on device design parameters such as dimensions, oxide thickness and channel doping concentration is studied in detail. The 3-D simulations offer a natural explanation for the large variation in the RTS amplitudes measured experimentally in otherwise identical MOSFETs. The random discrete dopant simulations result in RTS amplitudes several times higher compared to continuous charge simulations. They also produce closer to the experimentally observed distributions of the RTS amplitudes. The results highlight the significant impact of single charge trapping in the next generation decananometer MOSFETs.
STAKING LANDSCAPE TREES (1974)

This paper suggests different staking techniques for providing, where necessary, adequate flexible support for trees in windy situations and reasonable protection with little or no tree injury. Reasons for supporting and protecting the tree with staking include protecting the trunk from damage by equipment, vehicles, and vandals; anchoring the root system; and supporting the trunk in an upright position. A young tree standing alone with its top free to move usually becomes a strong tree better able to withstand the elements. When support is essential, make the stakes as short as possible, but high enough to hold the tree upright under calm conditions; the tree should return to vertical after the wind has bent the top.
Comparison of an Indirect Format ELISA on Modified Graphite and Polystyrene Surfaces against Triazines (2006)

An indirect format enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA) on graphite rods ( 0.8 mm x 20 mm) and, for comparison, on microtiter plates has been developed against terbuthylazine. For this purpose, a series of 2-aminoalkyl-4-chloro-6-terbuthyl-s-triazine-2,6-diamine ELISA haptens with alkyl spacer lengths of 2, 4, 6, and 8 CH2 groups has been synthesized. The graphite rods or the microtiter plates were covered by a polymerized glutaraldehyde network, and the ELISA haptens have been coupled by imino coupling to the free aldehyde groups of that network. epsilon-Aminocaproic acid has been used as an agent to block unspecific binding sites. The ELISA was run in a competitive mode, where the immobilized ELISA hapten and the solute terbuthylazine as a target analyte compete for the solute antibody.
962. Studies on the behaviour of halides of the transition metals with ammonia. Part I. The reaction of niobium pentachloride with ammonia (1952)

G. W. A. Fowles and F. H. Pollard, J. Chem. Soc., 1952, 4938 DOI: 10.1039/JR9520004938
Conductive polymers (1983)

There has been considerable interest among chemists and physicists during the past ten years in electrically conductive organic compounds [1]. The possibility of conductive materials that are light weight, inexpensive and easily processed has been especially attractive. This paper will describe what makes these organic materials conductive, and their properties in general, as well as results of recent work.
Dry Cells Containing Various Aromatic Nitro Compounds as Cathode Materials (1958)

The class of aromatic nitro compounds has been found to have properties suitable for the design of improved dry cells when coupled with a magnesium anode. The performance characteristics of these cells are dependent on the type of aromatic nitro compound used as a cathode material.
Potato Science and Technology (1989)

Potato tubers as a raw material for processing and nutrition. Botanical characteristics of potato. Chemical composition of tubers. Potato as a food product. The effect of different factors on potato tuber quality. Potato storage. The factors affecting potato resistance to storage conditions. Kinds of losses due to storage and reasons for their occurence. Potato storage techniques. Manufacture of potato chips and french fries. Potato chips. Potato french fries. Dehydrated potato products. Potato granules. Dehydrated diced potatoes. Nutritive value of dehydrated potato products. Potato starch processing. Potato starch-structure, composition and properties. The effect of various factors affecting potato growth on starch properties. Starch product technology. Dried potatoes for livestock feed. Manufacture of dehydrated potato flakes. Potato strip manufacture. Chemical composition and nutritional value of dehydrated potatoes. Potato silage. techniques used in potato silage. Losses of nutritive components during potato silage. The quality of potato silage and its nutritive value.
Effects of Trace Water on Charging of Silica Particles Dispersed in a Nonpolar Medium (2012)

This paper presents an investigation of the effects of trace water on the charging of silica (SiO(2)) particles dispersed in a nonpolar medium. There are a growing number of applications that seek to use electrostatic effects in apolar media to control particle movement and aggregation stability in such systems. One factor that is often overlooked in the preparation of nonpolar colloidal dispersions is the amount of water that is introduced to the system by hygroscopic particles and surfactants. The amount and location of this water can have significant effects on the electrical properties of these systems. For nonpolar surfactant solutions it has been shown that water can affect the conductivity, and it has been speculated that this is due to swelling of the polar cores of inverse micelles, increasing the fraction of them that are charged. Some studies have suggested that particle surface charging may also be sensitive to water content, but a clear mechanism for the process has not been fully developed. The situation with particles is further complicated by the fact that it is often unclear whether the water resides on the particle surfaces or in the polar cores of inverse micelles. The current work explores not only the effect of water content on reverse micelle and particle charging but seeks to differentiate between water bound to the particles and water located in the micelles. This is accomplished by measuring the solution conductivity and the electrophoretic mobility of silicon dioxide particles dispersed in solutions of Isopar-L and OLOA 11000. The water content is determined for both the dispersion and the supernatant after centrifuging the particles out. It is found that at equilibrium the majority of the water in the system adsorbs to the surface of the hygroscopic silica particles. In addition, the effect of water on particle electrophoretic mobility is found to be dependent on surfactant concentration. At small OLOA concentrations, additional water results in an increase in particle mobility due to increased particle charging. However, at large OLOA concentrations, additional water leads to a decrease in particle mobility, presumably as a result of increased electrostatic screening or neutralization. Thus, particle charging and electrophoretic mobility in an apolar surfactant solution are found to be highly sensitive to both the total water content in the system and to its concentration relative to the amount of surfactant present.
Securing WLAN offload of cellular networks using subscriber residential access gateways (2011)

We present and compare architectures for using a fleet of high-speed Internet subscriber residential gateways to build a hotspot network for offload of cellular data-traffic. We address the central challenges of meeting the security and ease of use expectations of cellular telephony in implementation on popular smartphones and gateways. Attention is given to security shortcomings in the client software of handsets and to the difference between support of security protocols and user interaction that promotes security.
Vitamin addition: an option for sustainable activated sludge process effluent quality (2000)

The process performance and metabolic rates of samples of activated sludge dosed with vitamin supplements have been compared. After initial screening, four vitamins and two metals as single supplements and in pairs, were dosed continuously into the mixed liquor of an activated sludge simulation. Toxicity, oxygen demand removal, respiration rates and suspended solids were measured to monitor the effect on process efficiency. It was confirmed experimentally that an industrial wastewater stream did not contain a sufficient supply of micronutrients for efficient biological treatment. This was concluded from the observation that control sludge batches (receiving no supplements) averaged chemical oxygen demand removal efficiency of 58%. Dosing micronutrients into the mixed liquor produced removal efficiencies of up to 69%. Some of the supplements increased the respiration rate of the sludge while some decreased it, indicating a range of stimulatory and inhibitory effects. Complex interactions between micronutrients that were dosed simultaneously were evident. Several positive effects led to the conclusion that micronutrients have the potential to optimise process performance of activated sludge plants treating industrial wastewater. The addition of phosphorus/niacin and molybdenum/lactoflavin removed wastewater components that were toxic to nitrifiers as indicated through toxicity testing, thus protecting downstream nitrification/denitrification treatment processes.
Resorcinol-formaldehyde reactions in dilute solution observed by carbon-13 NMR spectroscopy (2000)

A recently discovered coupling agent, hydroxymethylated resorcinol (HMR), based on resorcinol–formaldehyde, can greatly enhance wood-to-epoxy resin bond durability in exterior applications. However, for HMR to be most effective, it needs to be prepared a few hours before it is applied to the wood surface. In this study, carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to monitor composition of HMR as a function of time to characterize which chemical groups are present in solution when HMR is applied. A quantitative assessment of formaldehyde-derived groups required the use of 99% 13C-enriched formaldehyde. Hydroxymethyl groups, primarily attached to the 4-position of resorcinol, and hemiformal groups formed very quickly. Signals from methylene linkages between resorcinol rings began to appear 20 min into the reaction. Formaldehyde was consumed quickly; 95% was bound to resorcinol rings within 1.7 h. By 3 h, 16% had been converted to methylene linkages, and by 8.3 h, 40% was converted. Another set of NMR experiments was used to monitor the dependency of peak positions of resorcinol solution as a function of pH. These experiments showed significant effects, especially between pH 7.7 and 9.1, which explains chemical shift changes observed during the HMR reaction. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 75: 1760–1768, 2000
Surfactant Effects on Microemulsion-Based Nanoparticle Synthesis (2010)

The effect of the surfactant on the size, polydispersity, type of size distribution and structure of nanoparticles synthesized in microemulsions has been studied by computer simulation. The model simulates the surfactant by means of two parameters: the intermicellar exchange parameter, k<sub>ex</sub>, related to dimer life time, and film flexibility parameter, f, related to interdroplet channel size. One can conclude that an increase in surfactant flexibility leads to bigger and polydisperse nanoparticle sizes. In addition, at high concentrations, the same reaction gives rise to a unimodal distribution using a flexible surfactant, and a bimodal distribution using a rigid one. In relation to bimetallic nanoparticles, if the nanoparticle is composed of two metals with a moderate difference in reduction potentials, increasing the surfactant flexibility modifies the nanoparticle structure, giving rise to a transition from a nanoalloy (using a rigid film) to a core-shell structure (using a flexible one).
A Numerical Evaluation of the Stochastic Completeness of the Kinetic Coagulation Equation (1984)

The stochastic completeness of the kinetic coagulation equation depends on the extent of correlations between particle properties. Such correlations are induced by the coalescence process that causes spatial inhomogeneities in the number concentration of the particles, and are particularly strong in poorly mixed suspensions. A Monte Carlo simulation of the coalescence process is used to evaluate the suitability of the kinetic coagulation equation to simulate the coalescence process using Brownian diffusion, fluid shear and differential sedimentation collision kernels. It is demonstrated that the outcome of the kinetic equation matches well the true stochastic averages, unless the number concentration of particles involved is very small. In that case, the discrepancies between the two approaches are substantial in the large end of the particle size spectrum.
Optimization of surface micromorphology for enhanced osteoblast responses in vitro (1993)

In vitro cellular responses of osteoblast-like cells were studied on titanium surfaces with different surface morphologies. Surface profilometry was used to determine whether rough or smooth surfaces with regular or irregular morphologies can be produced by conventional fabrication techniques. Significantly higher levels of cellular attachment were found using rough, sandblasted surfaces with irregular morphologies. These results correlate with recent in vivo findings and suggest that implants should be prepared with roughened surfaces at bony contact areas.
3D-coordinate measurement system and image reconstruction of anatomical parts from unorganized data clouds (2004)

In this paper, a simple method for direct acquisition of a cloud of points from an object surfaces is presented together with a surface reconstruction algorithms used to obtain an explicit 3D model for the measured object. This technique is aimed at relatively accurate but simple and reliable 3D reconstruction of anatomical parts for biomedical applications. The whole system is based on acquisition of unorganized range data by laser scanning and successive image processing, by expanding and fitting a regular geometrical model within the range data, for surface reconstruction. The prototype system proved to be working finely, with an estimated resolution <10 /spl mu/m, a repeatability < 50 /spl mu/m, an acquisition noise of /spl sim/ /spl mu/m (rms value), and accuracy of /spl sim/80 /spl mu/m.
Optimizing intermediate data management in MapReduce computations (2011)

Many cloud computations process large datasets. Programming paradigms have been proposed to design this type of applications, so as to take advantage of the huge processing and storage options the cloud holds, but at the same time, to provide the user with a clean and easy to use interface. Among these programming models, we consider the MapReduce paradigm and its reference implementation, the Hadoop framework. We focus on the aspect of intermediate data, that is data produced and transferred between the two stages of the computation (map and reduce). The goal of this paper is to propose a storage mechanism for intermediate data with the purpose of optimizing the execution of MapReduce applications in the presence of failures, while keeping the impact on the job completion time to the minimum. To meet this goal, we rely on a fault-tolerant, concurrency-optimized data storage layer based on the BlobSeer data management service. We modify the Hadoop MapReduce framework to store the intermediate data in this layer (acting as a BlobSeer-based distributed file system) rather than using the local storage of the mappers, as in the vanilla version of Hadoop. To validate this work, we perform experiments on a large number of nodes of the Grid'5000 testbed. We demonstrate that our approach not only provides for intermediate data availability in case of failures, but also efficiently handles read/write accesses so that the overall job completion time is substantially improved.