gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rapid phenotypic change and diversification of a soil bacterium during 1000 generations of experimental evolution (2001)

Evolutionary pathways open to even relatively simple organisms, such as bacteria, may lead to complex and unpredictable phenotypic changes, both adaptive and non-adaptive. The evolutionary pathways taken by 18 populations of Ralstonia strain TFD41 while they evolved in defined environments for 1000 generations were examined. Twelve populations evolved in liquid media, while six others evolved on agar surfaces. Phenotypic analyses of these derived populations identified some changes that were consistent across all populations and others that differed among them. The evolved populations all exhibited morphological changes in their cell envelopes, including reductions of the capsule in each population and reduced prostheca-like surface structures in most populations. Mean cell length increased in most populations (in one case by more than fourfold), although a few populations evolved shorter cells. Carbon utilization profiles were variable among the evolved populations, but two distinct patterns were correlated with genetic markers introduced at the outset of the experiment. Fatty acid methyl ester composition was less variable across populations, but distinct patterns were correlated with the two physical environments. All 18 populations evolved greatly increased sensitivity to bile salts, and all but one had increased adhesion to sand; both patterns consistent with changes in the outer envelope. This phenotypic diversity contrasts with the fairly uniform increases in competitive fitness observed in all populations. This diversity may represent a set of equally probable adaptive solutions to the selective environment; it may also arise from the chance fixation of non-adaptive mutations that hitchhiked with a more limited set of beneficial mutations.
The use of Percoll gradients for the preparation of subpopulations of human spermatozoa (1983)

Centrifugation of human spermatozoa on BWW- or HEPES-Krebs-Ringer-buffered media containing Percoll as a method to prepare pure gamete populations or subpopulations has been studied in detail. Application of this technique (Gorus & Pipeleers 1981) allowed us to obtain uncontaminated, motile spermatozoa and, after a subsequent Percoll gradient step, resulted in the enrichment of motile cells able to readily penetrate in vitro into AB-serum filled capillaries. The gradient sedimentation patterns of 25 different sperm samples with normal seminal parameters were found to be strongly influenced by the characteristics of the sample itself and also by the buffer used for filtration. However, the present study also revealed that ultrastructural changes and the release of intraspermatozoal enzymes were induced by the procedure. It is concluded that, although of interest clinically, the Percoll filtration technique in its present form is probably of limited value for cell biological and/or ultrastructural studies.
Implementing Activity-Based Costing Systems in Small Manufacturing Firms: A Field Study (2003)

:This article describes the results of a field study involving the implementation of activity-based costing (ABC) in three small manufacturing companies. Similarities and dissimilarities regarding company business, customer distribution, fixed-to-variable cost ratio, and costing system needs are presented. A cost and time efficient methodology for developing and implementing ABC in small manufacturing companies is presented. The ABC companies, implementation methodology, and research findings are discussed. In addition, the potential impacts of ABC implementation at these three companies are examined.
Electrical and thermal transport properties of arsenic (1977)

Measurements of the electrical and thermal conductivity and the thermoelectric power have been made in the binary direction of arsenic between 2K and 300K. Below 30K the ideal electrical resistivity shows a /b T//sup 3/ behaviour. The thermal conductivity has been tentatively separated into electronic and lattice contributions by means of the Wiedemann-Franz law. The lattice thermal conductivity shows a maximum at 30K and is attributed above this temperature to phonon-phonon Umklapp processes and below this temperature to phonon-electron interactions. The thermoelectric power, which also shows a maximum at 30K, evidences a marked phonon-drag effect in arsenic.
The “Aachen” keratoprosthesis: A New Approach towards Successful Keratoprosthesis-Surgery (1998)

The production of a flexible silicone keratoprosthesis with high optical and mechanical properties was established. Its use both for the treatment of permanently opacified corneas and as temporary keratoprosthesis seems to be possible.
A Novel Method for Calculating Service Reputation (2013)

Owing to their rapid development, services are increasing rapidly in quantity. The consequence is that there are so many services that share the same or similar functions. Therefore, it is important to select a credible and optimal service. Reputation as one of the important parameters of services plays a significant role in the decision support for service selection. This paper proposes a novel two-phase method to calculate service reputation. The first phase uses a dynamic weight formula to calculate reputation such that it can reflect the latest tendency of a service. The second one uses an olfactory response formula to mitigate the negative effect of unfair ratings. Some experiments are conducted and the results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
ChemInform Abstract: Conformations of Azacyclodeca‐3,8‐diynes and 1,6‐Diazacyclodeca‐3,8‐diynes and the Generalized Anomeric Effect: A Test for Current Conformational Models for Azaheterocycles. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Elbow kinematics during overground manual wheelchair propulsion in individuals with tetraplegia (2010)

Results indicated that elbow translation was related to propulsion speed. Work involving this population is needed for further understanding of upper extremity kinematic patterns.
Bluetooth-Based Indoor Positioning Through ToF and RSSI Data Fusion (2018)

After several decades of both market and scientific interest, indoor positioning is still a hot and not completely solved topic, fostered by the advancement of technology, pervasive market penetration of mobile devices and novel communication standards. In this work, we propose a two-step model-based indoor positioning algorithm based on Bluetooth Low-Energy, a pervasive and energy efficient standard protocol. In the first (i.e. ranging) step a Kalman Filter (KF) performs the fusion of both RSSI and Time-of-Flight measurement data. Thus, we demonstrate the benefit of not relying only on RSSI, comparing ranging performed with or without the help of ToF. In the second (i.e. positioning) step, the distance estimates from multiple anchors are combined into a quadratic cost function, which is minimized to determine the coordinates of the target node in a planar reference frame. The proposed solution is tailored to reduce the computational effort and target real-time execution on an embedded platform, demonstrating a limited loss of performance. The paper presents an experimental setup and discusses meaningful results, demonstrating a robust BLE-based indoor positioning solution for embedded systems.
FLAT FOUNDATIONS FOR OFFSHORE STRUCTURES (1987)

A detailed analysis of the action of waves on flat foundations is presented. The pressure and velocity fields, and their variations under the effects of travelling waves and wave groups, are evaluated with particular reference to the area beneath the foundation. Three basic shapes of structure are considered, namely a circular disc, a square plate, and an octagonal foundation as used on the research platform Nordsee. The erosion effects on foundations in a seaway are discussed on the basis of theoretical and experimental results, and a strategy for their analysis of proposed.
An electrostatic mechanism for substrate guidance down the aromatic gorge of acetylcholinesterase. (1993)

Electrostatic calculations based on the recently solved crystal structure of acetylcholinesterase (acetylcholine acetylhydrolase, EC 3.1.1.7) indicate that this enzyme has a strong electrostatic dipole. The dipole is aligned with the gorge leading to its active site, so that a positively charged substrate will be drawn to the active site by its electrostatic field. Within the gorge, aromatic side chains appear to shield the substrate from direct interaction with most of the negatively charged residues that give rise to the dipole. The affinity of quaternary ammonium compounds for aromatic rings, coupled with this electrostatic force, may work in concert to create a selective and efficient substrate-binding site in acetylcholinesterase and explain why the active site is situated at the bottom of a deep gorge lined with aromatic residues.
<title>Intraclass classification of tumor in brain MR images</title> (2001)

In robust tumor recognition engine implementation, it is important to superimpose different types of MR images to verify the adequacy of treatment. Usually, the tumors in time- staggered MR images may vary in shape, format, orientation, angle, translation, scale and by a variety of other distortions. It is already known that various image registration techniques such as Affine transform suffers from lack of speed. Thus, the ability to extract distortion- invariant image features is highly desirable for improved speed and efficiency. We propose to explore distortion- invariant metadata extraction and subsequent classification of tumor in brain MR images.
La "distancia" entre aprender palabras y aprehender conceptos. El entramado de palabras-concepto (EPC) como un nuevo instrumento para la investigación (2002)

El análisis de los contenidos tratados en la clase, mediante los cuales el discurso científico se transpone en discurso escolar, es uno de los campos de investigación educativa menos explorados.En el presente trabajo definimos un nuevo instrumento, que hemos denominado entramado de palabras concepto (EPC), que permite la transformación de un documento de formato texto, en otro de formato gráfico-semántico. Este nuevo instrumento puede aplicarse para analizar textos discursivo-comunicativos, tales como la carpeta de algún alumno, los apuntes del propio profesor, etc., abriendo la perspectiva de realizar investigaciones tanto sobre el tratamiento del discurso en una clase dada como para estudios transversales a partir del análisis de carpetas de alumnos de diferentes años, de diferentes profesores, de diferentes regiones, etc.En este trabajo se mostrará la construcción y aplicación de un EPC obtenido a partir de la carpeta de un alumno, para el tema «Energía», desplegado en unas clases de física de tercer año de escuela secundaria.
Determinants of BDNF-induced hippocampal synaptic plasticity: role of the Trk B receptor and the kinetics of neurotrophin delivery. (1996)

The neurotrophins are a class of signaling molecules known for their growth and survival-promoting activities during neuronal development. Recent studies suggest that the neurotrophins, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), can also dramatically influence synaptic transmission in the adult hippocampus. The experiments described in this paper indicate that ability of BDNF to potentiate synaptic transmission in the hippocampus relies on functional Trk B receptors. Moreover, the rate at which BDNF is applied to hippocampal synapses is also a potent determinant of whether synaptic potentiation will result. Hippocampal slices perfused with BDNF at a very slow flow rate (e.g., < or = 25 ml/hr) did not show synaptic potentiation. Increasing the rate of BDNF application resulted in synaptic potentiation in which the magnitude and onset kinetics of the potentiation were determined by the rate of BDNF delivery. Immunocytochemical analysis of BDNF detected with confocal microscopy confirmed these electrophysiological observations, indicating that the penetration of BDNF into hippocampal slices is influenced dramatically by the perfusion rate.
Un dossier familles (1980)

Choquet Olivier. Un dossier familles. In: Economie et statistique, n°128, Décembre 1980. Artisanat / Les familles / L'agriculture en 1980 / Les locataires et leur logement HLM. pp. 11-19.
Effects of MnSOD-Plasmid Liposome Gene Therapy on Antioxidant Levels in Irradiated Murine Oral Cavity Orthotopic Tumors (2007)

Intraoral manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2)-plasmid liposome (PL) radioprotective gene therapy prolongs the survival of mice with orthotopic oral cavity tumors within the irradiated field. To determine whether the mechanism involved effects in antioxidant pool, C57BL/6J mice bearing orthotopic oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma SCC-VII tumors received intraoral or intravenous MnSOD-PL gene therapy 24 h prior to 18 Gy irradiation to the head and neck region. Glutathione (GSH) levels and levels of radiation-generated nitric oxide and peroxynitrite were measured in orthotopic tumors and in adjacent oral mucosa. MnSOD-PL transfection of the SCC-VII tumor cells, but not normal embryo fibroblasts, produced acute radiosensitization. Furthermore, SCC-VII tumor cells demonstrated increased relative hydrogen peroxide (the product of MnSOD superoxide dismutation)-induced apoptosis in vitro. Radiation decreased levels of GSH and increased GPX in both tumor and normal cells in vitro, effects that were blunted by MnSOD-PL treatment. In vivo irradiation decreased GSH and GPX more effectively in tumors, and the decrease was not reversed by MnSOD-PL therapy. Intravenous but not intraoral administration of epitope-tagged hemagglutinin MnSOD-PL resulted in significant uptake in orthotopic tumors and decreased the levels of radiation-induced nitric oxide and peroxynitrite. Thus normal tissue radioprotective MnSOD-PL gene therapy radiosensitizes tumor cell lines in vitro and has a therapeutic effect on orthotopic tumors in part through its effects on tumor antioxidants.
Pentaerithrityltetranitrat (1994)

Organische Nitrate sind nach wie vor die Basistherapeutika bei der Behandlung der Koronaren Herzkrankheit. Der pharmakologischen Grundlagenforschung ist es in den letzten Jahren gelungen, die wesentlichen molekularpharmakologischen Einzelprozesse bei der Wirkungsvermittlung dieser Substanzklasse aufzuklären (Überblick siehe Noack, 1991; Noack und Feelisch, 1991). Dabei zeigte sich, daß sich Organische Nitroverbindungen eines Wirkprinzips bedienen, das die Natur seit jeher auch selbst zur Gefäßerweiterung bzw. zur Regulation der regionalen Durchblutung benutzt. Es handelt sich um den in den Endothelzellen der Gefäßwand gebildeten Faktor EDRF, der chemisch weitgehend oder ganz mit radikalischem Stickstoffmonoxid/NO identisch ist. Aus unseren eigenen Untersuchungen zum molekularen Wirkungsmechanismus organischer Nitroverbindungen geht hervor, daß alle therapeutisch eingesetzten Nitrovasodilatatoren ebenfalls radikalisches Stickstoffmonoxid als pharmakologisch aktives Prinzip freisetzen, das wie EDRF/NO selbst die glatte Muskelzelle der Gefäßwand zu relaxieren vermag (Noack und Murphy, 1991; Feelisch und Noack, 1991; Feelisch et al., 1993) Damit repräsentieren die therapeutisch bevorzugt bei der ischämischen Herzkrankheit eingesetzten Nitroverbindungen wie Isosorbid-5-Mononitrat (IS-5-MN) Prodrugs des auch physiologischen Mediatorstoffs EDRF/NO. So gesehen sind die Organischen Nitrate endlich dem Stadium der Empirie entrückt und repräsentieren aus heutiger Sicht eine rational begründbare und therapeutisch sinnvolle Substitutionstherapie.
Computerised axial tomography of the head. (1976)

The technique and applicaton of computerised axial tomography of the head is briefly reviewed with regard to both normal and some pathological tomographic features.
Serum Carotenoids and Fat-Soluble Vitamins in Women With Type 1 Diabetes and Preeclampsia (2011)

In pregnant women with type 1 diabetes, low serum α- and β-carotene were associated with subsequent development of PE, and vitamin D deficiency may also be implicated.
Biological Markers as a Predictor for Response and Prognosis of Unresectable Gastric Cancer Patients Treated with Irinotecan and Cisplatin (2005)

Immunohistochemical examination of biological markers may be useful in predicting the clinical outcome of unresectable gastric cancer patients treated with irinotecan and cisplatin.
Mouse MRI using phased‐array coils (2007)

The advantages of array coil imaging in human whole-body MR systems are well known and have gained relevance in many applications and MR techniques. In the field of small-animal studies, this concept has become increasingly important. In this work, three different phased-array coils for performing MRI on mice are presented. For imaging at 300 MHz, a four-channel receive-only phased-array coil is introduced. One two-channel and a four-channel transmit/receive setup operating at 750 MHz show the feasibility of array coil imaging at 17.6 T. All of these coils show excellent performance and deliver high-quality MR images of mice.
Structure and electronic properties of the orthorhombic MoRuP superconductor prepared at high pressure (2003)

The orthorhombic superconductor MoRuP $(o\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{MoRuP})$ was prepared under high pressure, and its structure was refined using the x-ray Rietveld technique. The grayish-black sample of o-MoRuP is a superconductor with ${T}_{c}=15.5\mathrm{K}$ and having space group Pnma and lattice parameters $a=6.03503(16)\AA{},$ $b=3.85311(8)\AA{},$ and $c=6.94355(17)\AA{},$ $V=161.463(7)\AA{}.$3 The structure of o-MoRuP is characterized by layers (parallel to the ac plane) of Mo, Ru, and P atoms. Based on the accurately determined crystal structure, the band structure and the density of states (DOS) of o-MoRuP were calculated by a first-principles density-functional method and compared with those of the isostructural superconductor o-ZrRuP ${(T}_{c}=4\mathrm{K}).$ It is shown that the high ${T}_{c}$ in o-MoRuP is directly related to the higher level of the DOS at the Fermi level ${(E}_{F})$ and is traced to be predominantly from the Mo $4d$ orbitals. The calculated values of the DOS at ${E}_{F}$ are 0.46 and 0.33 states/eV atom for the Mo and Zr analogs, respectively. The electronic bonding in these two crystals is analyzed in terms of the Mulliken effective charge and the bond order values. The bonding in o-MoRuP differs from that in o-ZrRuP in that there is a short (2.44 \AA{}) Mo-P bond. The x-ray reference pattern of o-MoRuP prepared using a Rietveld decomposition technique has been submitted to the International Center for Diffraction Data to be included in the Powder Diffraction File.
PVEs: Position-Velocity Encoders for Unsupervised Learning of Structured State Representations (2017)

We propose position-velocity encoders (PVEs) which learn---without supervision---to encode images to positions and velocities of task-relevant objects. PVEs encode a single image into a low-dimensional position state and compute the velocity state from finite differences in position. In contrast to autoencoders, position-velocity encoders are not trained by image reconstruction, but by making the position-velocity representation consistent with priors about interacting with the physical world. We applied PVEs to several simulated control tasks from pixels and achieved promising preliminary results.
Studies on Amino Acids. I (1955)

The enzymatic resolution of DL-methionine was carried out by employing commercial enzyme preparations, and optically active methionine was obtained in a good yield. To establish the optimum conditions for the resolution, various factors influencing the asymmetric hydrolysis of acetyl-DL-methionine were investigated.
Automatic Grading of Green Intensity in Soybean Seeds (2012)

In this work we introduce a low cost machine vision system for grading problems in agriculture. Instead of a careful evaluation of a given quantity over a reduced number of samples with a high cost dedicated equipment, we propose to measure the quantity with less precision but over a much bigger number of samples. The advantage of our procedure is that very low cost vision equipment can be used in this case. For example, we used a standard flatbed scanner as an integrated illumination plus acquisition hardware. Our system is aimed at the quantification of the amount of chlorophyll present in a production batch of soybean seeds. To this end we arbitrarily divided green seeds in four classes, with a decreasing amount of green pigment in each class. In particular, in this work we evaluate the possibility of an accurate discrimination among the four classes of green seeds using machine vision methods. We show that morphological features have low discrimination capabilities, and that a set of simple features measured over color distributions provides good separation among grades. Also, most errors are assignations to neighbor grades, which have a lower cost in grading. The good results are almost independent from the classifier being use, Random forest or Support Vector Machines with a Gaussian kernel in our case.
ON THE DISTRIBUTION AND SCALING OF CONVECTIVE WAVESPEEDS IN THE SHEAR LAYERS OF HEATED, SUPERSONIC JETS (2015)

The noise generated by supersonic plumes is of growing concern given the enormous peak noise intensity radiated by tactical aircraft engines. A key component of this noise is the enhanced radiation of mixing caused by supersonic eddy speeds. As very little data exist for eddy convection in high Reynolds number, supersonic plumes, our current ability to develop concepts that alter compressible eddy convective is limited. Herein we present new experimental data and a phenomenological description of eddy wave-speeds in the developing shear layer of supersonic heated jets. A new scaling of the wavespeed in radial similarity coordinates is proposed which takes into account the influence of the ratio of static densities between the jet and ambient streams. The frequency-dependent behavior of the convective velocity reflects the process of high momentum, high velocity large-scale eddies pinching off from the potential core and convecting into regions of locally reduced mean velocities. In particular, we observe a structural change in wavespeed spectra at the end of the potential core. In addition to high turbulence levels, the potential core breakdown region can have enhanced eddy speeds, increasing noise radiation efficiency.
Highly recurrent der(1;16)(q10;p10) and other 16q arm alterations in lobular breast cancer. (1998)

Cytogenetic data on infiltrating lobular carcinomas (ILCs) of the breast are described. In addition to 9 tumors, including 2 bilateral ones, with apparently normal chromosomes, recurrent chromosome alterations were found among 18 tumors. A der(1;16)(q10;p10), resulting in 1q gain and 16q loss, was observed in 11 tumors. Chromosome arm 16q was lost by other rearrangements in 3 other tumors. Thus, the deletion of 16q appears to be highly recurrent in ILCs. Compared to infiltrating ductal carcinomas (IDCs), ILCs have fairly simple karyotypes that remain pseudo- or near-diploid in most cases. This finding is confirmed by DNA ploidy studied by flow cytometry, which shows that about half of the tumors are diploid. This makes the der(1;16)(q10;p10) and other alterations of the 16q arm an early alteration of tumor progression, possibly related to the loss of expression of E-cadherin, whose gene is mapped on the 16q arm.