gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Compact airborne staring FPA sensor with microscanning</title> (1996)

As staring focal plane array (FPA) detectors become more readily available, imaging IR sensors can be constructed in more compact packages that are lighter and consume less power than first or second generation scanning IR sensor packages. However, FPA detector-based imagers typically demonstrate reduced resolution when compared to scanning systems with similar instantaneous-field-of-view. This resolution limitation is created by a the active pixel size and the spatially synchronous scene sampling native to staring FPA systems. A technique called microscanning can be used to improve the resolution of staring systems by over-sampling the scene; moving the image of the scene on the detector in a controlled fashion. This paper presents a compact MWIR staring FPA airborne forward looking infrared sensor design using microscanning for resolution improvement.
Precise morphology control and fast merging of a complex multi-emulsion system: the effects of AC electric fields (2019)

We showed that an AC electric field can be effectively used to control the full morphology of a multi-emulsion system (oil/water/oil, O/W/O and water/oil/water, W/O/W); specifically, the size of outer droplets and the number of inner droplets (from 5 to 0) could be controlled. In our system, such control was achieved by adopting non-contact type of electrodes together with double-flow-focusing geometry to apply an AC electric field during the formation of complex droplets. As such, the AC electric field could be used without contamination. In addition to morphology control, we also achieved both one-step and two-step merging of the core droplets in the W/O/W droplet system within 100 milliseconds, which is by far the fastest merging in double emulsion droplets ever reported. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first article to report the control of core droplets in an O/W/O system by matching the frequency of the AC electric field with that of the core production rate. In this article, we adopted the electric capillary number CaE to analyze the effectiveness of the AC electric field applied at a high frequency, which offers a guideline for practical applications. Furthermore, the merging phenomena among various droplet systems discovered could add extra dimensions for the manipulation of double emulsions. Our findings reveal new physical insights that bring about a better understanding of the interfacial phenomena and electrohydrodynamics of droplets, which is of great importance for practical applications involving the complex interactions of multiple droplets.
Constitutional tandem duplication of 9q34 that truncates <i>EHMT1</i> in a child with ganglioglioma (2011)

Point mutations of EHMT1 or deletions and duplications of chromosome 9q34.3 are found in patients with variable neurologic and developmental disorders. Here, we present a child with congenital cataract, developmental and speech delay who developed a metastatic ganglioglioma with progression to anaplastic astrocytoma. Molecular analysis identified a novel constitutional tandem duplication in 9q34.3 with breakpoints in intron 1 of TRAF2 and intron 16 of EHMT1 generating a fusion transcript predicted to encode a truncated form of EHMT1. The ganglioglioma showed complex chromosomal aberrations with further duplication of the dup9q34. Thus, this unique tandem 9q34.3 duplication may impact brain tumor formation.
Intrinsic Anaerobic Bioremediation of Hydrocarbons in Contaminated Marine Sediments (2003)

Abstract : Microbial cultures, capable of anaerobic hydrocarbon degradation were obtained from the anaerobic marine sediments in San Diego Bay (Paleta Creek sediments) Using n-alkanes (from C6 to C12), alkyl-benzenes (toluene, ethylbenzene, 0-, m-, and p-xylene isomers), and alkyl-cycloalkanes (ethyl cyclopentane), in conjunction with C13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (some of the hydrocarbon compounds were labeled with either 2H and C13-nuclei), anaerobic biodegradation reaction pathways and metabolite structures were identified and characterized.
Growth rate dependence of differential incorporation of a guanosine triphosphate photoaffinity probe into the alpha subunit of a guanine nucleotide binding protein, Gs, from metastatic variants of B16 melanoma cells. (1989)

The signal transducing regulatory protein (Gs alpha) was examined in B16 melanoma clones of low (F1C29) and high (F10C23) experimental metastatic potential. Incorporation of the photoaffinity analogue, [8-azido-gamma-32P]GTP, into Gs alpha was decreased in F10C23 extracts when compared to F1C29. This difference disappeared when the photolabeling reaction was carried out at an elevated temperature which enhanced the rate of GTP exchange, suggesting functional differences in the ability of Gs alpha to bind or release GTP rather than dissimilar intracellular Gs alpha concentrations. Differential Gs alpha photolabeling occurred only during the period of rapid growth when F10C23 cells proliferated faster than F1C29 cells. During the recovery phase of growth immediately following plating and at confluence, periods in which F1C29 and F10C23 growth rates are similar, Gs alpha photolabeling between the two clones was equal. CMT lung carcinoma clones of differential metastatic potential grew at a uniform rate at all stages of growth and also exhibited equal Gs alpha photolabeling. F10C23 cells were more responsive to alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone stimulation of adenylate cyclase activity than F1C29 cells at all growth stages. These results confirm previously observed functional differences in Gs alpha between B16 metastatic variants and show that photolabeling differences in Gs alpha are related to growth rate.
Neural network based efficiency optimization method for RF Power Amplifiers with controllable power supply (2013)

Rising energy consumption and thus equipment operating cost as well as the parallel environmental need to reduce the carbon footprint is a very important issue in mobile radio networks. Beside the needs to reduce the energy consumption, the demand for bandwidth and network capacity is increasing and leading to more standards, frequency bands and applications. The RF transceiver, especially the Power Amplifier as a part of it, is one of the bottlenecks and setscrews for the requirements mentioned. The following paper presents a standard and frequency independent concept as well as a method for energy efficiency optimization of RF Power Amplifiers with voltage controllable power supply to adjust the operating point based on Neural Networks. The system is basically standard independent and can adapt itself to a certain standard with its requirements. The system was designed and simulated.
Amminoalchilsulfanil Politiofeni: come modulare la solubilità variando la sostituzione amminica (2008)

E' presentata la sintesi di politiofeni recanti, sulle catene alchilsulfaniliche laterali, com sostituenti gruppi NH2, NR2, NR3+ e NRBoc. La solubilità di questi polimeri è modulata dal sostituente.
A NEW REACTION IN ORGANOSILICON CHEMISTRY (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA NEW REACTION IN ORGANOSILICON CHEMISTRYL. H. Sommer, N. S. Marans, G. M. Goldberg, J. Rockett, and R. P. PiochCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1951, 73, 2, 882Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01146a544https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01146a544research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views99Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Chemically induced charge carrier production and transport in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Pd</mml:mi><mml:mo>∕</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Si</mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mo>∕</mml:mo><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mtext>−</mml:mtext><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Si</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mn>111</mml:mn><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math>metal-oxide-semiconductor Schottky diodes (2004)

The energy transfer associated with reactions at metal surfaces produces energetic electrons and holes. Using ultrathin films of Pd on metal-semiconductor (MS) and metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) diode structures, we have investigated reaction-induced electrical phenomena associated with a variety of molecular and atomic interactions with the Pd surfaces. Distinct electronic signals are observable for species as diverse as atomic oxygen, xenon, and molecular hydrocarbons. Both MS and MOS devices allowed the detection of the chemically induced excitation of electron-hole pairs for highly exothermic chemisorption. Electronic signals from gas species with low adsorption energies were only observed in MOS devices with a thin oxide layer between the active metal film and the semiconductor. The density and distribution of interfacial states in the MOS devices have been found to be an important factor in understanding the origin and transport pathways of these ``chemicurrents.'' A dynamic model is introduced to explain the displacement currents in the MOS devices during low-energy gas-surface interactions.
Simulation Experiment of Disaster Response Organizational Structures With Alternative Optimization Techniques (2014)

Disaster response operations are critical for decreasing the devastating impacts that result in casualties and property damages. Since these operations require cooperation in dynamic and complex situations, the responding organizations require a solid organizational structure collectively. This article introduces computational designs and evaluations of alternative organizational structures for disaster responses to resolve the disconnections between resource demands and supplies. In particular, this research consists of (1) organizational structure designs with two optimization techniques, (2) agent-based simulations that virtually replicate disaster response contexts, and (3) social network analysis to interpret the relations between the structures and the performances from the network perspectives. We applied this approach to log records of Hurricane Katrina, and our evaluations suggest that alternative organizations would improve operation outcomes, that is, increase the successful resource delivery counts and reduce a number of organizational conflicts. This computational approach could be further utilized in designing and evaluating organizations under complex and dynamic situations.
Phase Coherent Vacuum-Ultraviolet to Radio Frequency Comparison with a Mode-Locked Laser (2000)

We demonstrate a versatile new technique that provides a phase coherent link between optical frequencies and the radio frequency domain. The regularly spaced comb of modes of a mode-locked femtosecond laser is used as a precise ruler to measure a large frequency gap between two different multiples (harmonics or subharmonics) of a laser frequency. In this way, we have determined a new value of the hydrogen 1S-2S two-photon resonance, f(1S-2S) = 2 466 061 413 187.29(37) kHz, representing now the most accurate measurement of an optical frequency.
Development of canistering systems for monolithic catalysts. SAE Paper 760783 (1976)

Two different canister systems for monolithic catalysts are described. The first version is an underhood system fitted directly to the exhaust manifold, which has to stand a very high exhaust gas temperature impact as well as gas pulsations and engine vibrations. The difficulties to overcome both thermal expansion effects and dimension tolerances of the monolithic units are explained based on test results. The second version is a ceramic wrapping canister system developed for an underfloor catalyst configuration, which because of the lower thermal and mechanical loads can be designed in a more cost-efficient manner.
Characterization of the Bacillus subtilis bacteriophage PBS2-induced DNA polymerase and its associated exonuclease activity. (1978)

The DNA polymerase induced by Bacillus subtilis bacteriophage PBS2 has a Stokes radius of 7.2 in buffers of high ioninc strength, suggesting a molecular weight in the range 145,000 to 195,000. The polypeptide bands observed on gel electrophoresis in dodecyl sulfate have apparent molecular weights of 78,000 and 69,000 (and possibly another 27,000) in equimolar amounts. In buffers of low ionic strength, the enzyme appears to form large aggregates and even precipitates, with about 90% loss of activity. A nuclease activity co-purifies with the PBS2 DNA polymerase and shows similar responses to changes in pH, MgCl2, N-ethylmaleimide, temperature, and dextran sulfate levels. The nuclease produces deoxyribonucleoside 5'monophosphates from denatured DNA containing thymine or uracil. No endonuclease activity is detectable on supercoiled DNA. The inhibition of nuclease activity by added deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates, the DNA-dependent turnover of triphosphates, to free monophosphates during DNA polymerization, the inhibition of nuclease activity by 3'-phosphates on the DNA template-primer, and the pattern of digestion of 5'-[32P]phosphate-labeled DNA all indicate that the PBS2 DNA polymerase-associated hydrolytic activity is a 3' leads to 5'-exonuclease.
The Impact of Mental Illness on Sexual Dysfunction (2008)

Sexual dysfunction is prevalent among psychiatric patients and may be related to both the psychopathology and the pharmacotherapy. The negative symptoms of schizophrenia limit the capability for interpersonal and sexual relationships. The first-generation antipsychotics cause further deterioration in erectile and orgasmic function. Due to their weak antagonistic activity at D2 receptors, second-generation antipsychotics are associated with fewer sexual side effects, and thus may provide an option for schizophrenia patients with sexual dysfunction. Depression and anxiety are a cause for sexual dysfunction that may be aggravated by antidepressants, especially selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). SSRI-induced sexual dysfunction may be overcome by lowering doses, switching to an antidepressant with low propensity to cause sexual dysfunction (bupropion, mirtazapine, nefazodone, reboxetine), addition of 5HT2 antagonists (mirtazapine, mianserin) or coadministration of 5-phosphodiesterase inhibitors. Eating disorders and personality disorders, mainly borderline personality disorder, are also associated with sexual dysfunction. Sexual dysfunction in these cases stems from impaired interpersonal relationships and may respond to adequate psychosexual therapy. It is mandatory to identify the specific sexual dysfunction and to treat the patients according to his/her individual psychopathology, current pharmacotherapy and interpersonal relationships.
Proteomic Analysis of Skin Invasion by Blood Fluke Larvae (2008)

This analysis identified secreted proteins from invasive larvae that are released during invasion of human skin. Analysis of specific host proteins in skin invaded by cercariae served to highlight both the histolytic events facilitating cercarial invasion, and the host defenses that attempt to arrest or retard invasion. Proteins abundant in psoriatic skin or UV and heat-stressed skin were not abundant in skin invaded by cercariae, suggesting that results did not reflect general stress in the surgically removed skin specimen. Abundant immunoglobulins, complement factors, and serine protease inhibitors in skin form a biochemical barrier that complements the structural barrier of the epidermis, basement membrane, and dermis. The fragmentation of some of these host proteins suggests that breaching of host defenses by cercariae includes specific degradation of immunoglobulins and complement, and either degradation of, or overwhelming the host protease inhibitor repertoire.
Oxazoline-directed metalation of unactivated norbornenyl olefinic CH: application to an attempted synthesis of the diterpenoid mold metabolite sordaricin (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxazoline-directed metalation of unactivated norbornenyl olefinic CH: application to an attempted synthesis of the diterpenoid mold metabolite sordaricinLewis N. Mander and Ralph P. RobinsonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 19, 5718–5721Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00019a051https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00019a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views183Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Nerve growth factor receptors are preaggregated and immobile on responsive cells (1991)

It has been hypothesized that signal transduction occurs by ligand-induced receptor clustering and immobilization. For many peptide receptors, cross-linking by anti-receptor antibodies is sufficient for receptor activation. This is not, however, the case for nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR). Using fluorescence microscopy and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP), we have analyzed the distribution and diffusibility of NGFR on a series of cell lines. We have found the following: (1) Cells expressing high-affinity responsive NGFR's display clustered NGFR's even in the absence of ligand. In contrast, NGFR's in nonresponsive cell lines are diffusely distributed. (2) Receptors on responsive cell lines are largely nondiffusing while most receptors on nonresponsive cell lines are relatively free to diffuse. (3) NGF does not greatly alter the distribution or diffusion properties of the NGFR on either nonresponsive or responsive cell lines. Thus, NGFR is preclustered and immobile on responsive cells, which suggests that immobilization of NGFR prior to ligand binding is required for signal transduction.
Sorption Charecterization of Radonuclides on Clays in Yucca Mountain Alluvium (2006)

Sorption of {sup 237}Np(V) and {sup 233}U(VI) was measured on clays separated from Yucca Mountain alluvium as a function of solution pH and aqueous actinide concentrations. The results indicate that sorption of U and Np on the separated clay fraction depends strongly on solution pH. Np sorption on clays increases slowly with increasing pH from 3 to 7. Above pH 7, Np sorption on clays increases rapidly up to a pH of about 10. On the other hand, U sorption on clays reaches it maximum at a pH of about 6, with sorption decreasing as pH increases from 6 to 8 and then increasing again as pH increases further from 8 to about 10. The results suggest that a Freundlich isotherm can be used to describe U and Np sorption on clays at pH above 5.5. The results of this study indicate that clay minerals play a very important role in the sorption of U and Np on Yucca Mountain alluvium. Indeed, the clay content of the alluvium is probably considerably more important than water chemistry in predicting the ability of the alluvium to attenuate the transport of these radionuclides.
Individualized Screening Interval for Prostate Cancer Based on Prostate-Specific Antigen Level (2005)

Retesting intervals should be individualized on the basis of the PSA level, and the large group of men with PSA levels of less than 1 ng/mL can safely be scheduled for a 3-year testing interval.
A genome-wide association and meta-analysis reveal regions associated with seed size in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] (2019)

This paper combined GWAS, meta-analysis and sequence homology comparison with common bean to identify regions associated with seed size variation in domesticated cowpea. Seed size is an important trait for yield and commercial value in dry-grain cowpea. Seed size varies widely among different cowpea accessions, and the genetic basis of such variation is not yet well understood. To better decipher the genetic basis of seed size, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and meta-analysis were conducted on a panel of 368 cowpea diverse accessions from 51 countries. Four traits, including seed weight, length, width and density were evaluated across three locations. Using 51,128 single nucleotide polymorphisms covering the cowpea genome, 17 loci were identified for these traits. One locus was common to weight, width and length, suggesting pleiotropy. By integrating synteny-based analysis with common bean, six candidate genes (Vigun05g036000, Vigun05g039600, Vigun05g204200, Vigun08g217000, Vigun11g187000, and Vigun11g191300) which are implicated in multiple functional categories related to seed size such as endosperm development, embryo development, and cell elongation were identified. These results suggest that a combination of GWAS meta-analysis with synteny comparison in a related plant is an efficient approach to identify candidate gene (s) for complex traits in cowpea. The identified loci and candidate genes provide useful information for improving cowpea varieties and for molecular investigation of seed size.
Mitigation of Torque Ripple in Interior Permanent Magnet Motors by Optimal Shape Design (2006)

Optimal shape design of an interior permanent-magnet (IPM) synchronous motor can substantially reduce its torque pulsation. However, the shape design variations should be feasible and practical. We report on an optimal shape design obtained by drilling small circular holes in the rotor. We found that an optimal location and radius of the holes effectively suppresses the torque pulsation of the IPM drive for various loads under steady-state conditions. The optimal design at rated load is considered as the final design. We use a transient finite-element analysis that is coupled with motion and adequate electric excitation for optimization purposes. An evaluation of the optimal design at various operating conditions showed torque ripple reduction and average torque improvement under all load conditions. The optimal design also shows improvement in the field-weakening region for high-speed operation