gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Renal failure associated with polyarteritis nodosa]. (1990)

We reported 5 patients with renal failure associated with polyarteritis nodosa (PN). In all patients the renal dysfunction became apparent from 2 to 4 weeks after the onset of fever or neuromuscular symptoms with laboratory findings supporting marked inflammatory process and took the course of either acute or rapidly progressive renal failure. The clinical diagnoses on admission were variable; fever of unknown origin, peptic ulcer disease, polyneuritis multiplex, disseminated intravascular coagulation and Buerger's disease. Microscopic examination of the kidneys in 3 by renal biopsy and in 2 by autopsy revealed crescentic glomerulonephritis without immunoglobulin deposit, segmental necrotizing glomerulonephritis, marked inflammatory infiltrate around the glomeruli, granulomatous lesion, tubular necrosis and cortical necrosis other than necrotizing vasculitis. The outcomes were favorable with prednisolone monotherapy in two patients who had biopsy-proven diagnosis and treatment early in the course. Of all PN the prevalence of renal involvement is considered to be about 70%, the prognosis of which has been considered very poor. However it seems possible to alter fatal outcome of this disease by starting treatment with confident histological proof early in the disease process.
Keeping Tennis Elbow at Arm's Length (1996)

Tennis elbow involves damage to the forearm muscles and tendons. Rehabilitation from this painful condition usually includes rest, icing, stretching exercises, improving tennis technique, and using an elbow strap called a counterforce brace. But perhaps the most important part of rehabilitation is strengthening exercises, which both promote recovery and help keep tennis elbow from returning. Two types of exercise will help you regain strength: exercises with weights and exercises without.
Clinical Perspectives of Heart Rate Slowing for Coronary Event Reduction and Heart Failure (2006)

Heart rate is a major determinant of myocardial oxygen consumption. There is ample evidence of an association between high heart rate and poor outcome in numerous clinical settings. Experimental studies in monkeys have shown a link between increased heart rate and development of atherosclerosis. In the clinical setting, increased heart rate has been found associated with coronary plaque rupture. A causal relationship is further supported by the fact that Beta-blockers have a well-documented efficacy after myocardial infarction, although the other properties of these agents may also participate in their protective effect. Beyond the potential benefits of heart rate lowering in patients with coronary artery disease, medications capable of decreasing heart rate without altering left ventricular function, such as the I(f) current inhibitor ivabradine, might prove particularly helpful in patients with chronic heart failure associated with coronary artery disease, but also in heart failure without systolic dysfunction, or in patients needing inotropic support for acute heart failure.
Induction of trained immunity by influenza vaccination - impact on COVID-19 (2021)

Non-specific protective effects of certain vaccines have been reported, and long-term boosting of innate immunity, termed trained immunity, has been proposed as one of the mechanisms mediating these effects. Several epidemiological studies suggested cross-protection between influenza vaccination and COVID-19. In a large academic Dutch hospital, we found that SARS-CoV-2 infection was less common among employees who had received a previous influenza vaccination: relative risk reductions of 37% and 49% were observed following influenza vaccination during the first and second COVID-19 waves, respectively. The quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine induced a trained immunity program that boosted innate immune responses against various viral stimuli and fine-tuned the anti-SARS-CoV-2 response, which may result in better protection against COVID-19. Influenza vaccination led to transcriptional reprogramming of monocytes and reduced systemic inflammation. These epidemiological and immunological data argue for potential benefits of influenza vaccination against COVID-19, and future randomized trials are warranted to test this possibility.
INHIBITION OF ALLOREACTIVITY IN VITRO BY MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES DIRECTED AGAINST RESTRICTED ISOFORMS OF THE LEUKOCYTE-COMMON ANTIGEN (CD45) (1992)

The leukocyte common antigen (LCA) is a protein tyrosine phosphatase and is identified by the CD45 cluster of monoclonal antibodies. CD45 is expressed in high-density on cells of hematopoietic lineage and generally is immunoprecipitated as 4 bands (220, 205, 190, and 180 KDa). Genetic studies have shown that a single gene produces additional forms of the molecule by alternate splicing including CD45RA (220, 205), CD45RO (180), and CD45RB (220, 205, 190). We have prepared a CD45RB Mab termed "MT3" that binds to a sialic acid dependent epitope. Since the LCA is one of the major targets of antilymphocyte globulin, we assessed a panel of CD45 and CD45R Mab for their ability to inhibit alloreactivity in vitro. MT3 (CD45RB) inhibits the allogeneic MLR and inhibits CD4+ T cells from expressing interleukin 2 receptors, and prevents CD4+ CD45RA- T cells from entering the proliferative phase of the cell cycle. Mem 93 (CD45RA) inhibits the generation of cytotoxic T cells. These data suggest that the CD45RB and CD45RA isoforms of the LCA may be appropriate targets for in vivo immunotherapy.
IX: a protected dataplane operating system for high throughput and low latency (2014)

The conventional wisdom is that aggressive networking requirements, such as high packet rates for small messages and microsecond-scale tail latency, are best addressed outside the kernel, in a user-level networking stack. We present IX, a dataplane operating system that provides high I/O performance, while maintaining the key advantage of strong protection offered by existing kernels. IX uses hardware virtualization to separate management and scheduling functions of the kernel (control plane) from network processing (dataplane). The data-plane architecture builds upon a native, zero-copy API and optimizes for both bandwidth and latency by dedicating hardware threads and networking queues to data-plane instances, processing bounded batches of packets to completion, and by eliminating coherence traffic and multi-core synchronization. We demonstrate that IX outperforms Linux and state-of-the-art, user-space network stacks significantly in both throughput and end-to-end latency. Moreover, IX improves the throughput of a widely deployed, key-value store by up to 3.6x and reduces tail latency by more than 2x.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Natural Products. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Herpes Simplex Virus Keratitis After Laser in situ Keratomileusis (2005)

Herpetic keratitis after LASIK is an uncommon, possibly under-reported, entity. Even patients without history of herpetic eye disease can present with this complication. Oral antiviral prophylaxis may be appropriate when performing LASIK on patients with a history of ocular or systemic HSV infection.
Indirect Shoot Regeneration in Anthurium andreanum 'Clisto' from Leaf Explant (2015)

Anthurium is commercially produced as cut flowers and potted plants and known for its colorful spathes. It is traditionally propagated by stem cutting and suckers, so micropropagation is an alternative production method. In this experiment we carried out shoot regeneration in Anthurium andreanum ‘Clisto’. The leaf explant was used and after sterilization, they cultured on two different media (half-strength MS and Nitsch’s media) which supplemented with different compositions of 2,4-D (0, 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 mg/L) and BA (0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 mg/L). After three months callus size and percentage of explant that produced callus were measured and callus transferred to MS media with different concen trations of BA (0, 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 mg/L). After 6 months, number of shoot, shoot length and leaf number was recorded. The highest callus proliferation was obtained in Nitsch’ media supplemented with 0.25 mg/L 2,4-D and 0.25 or 0.5 mg/L BA. The callus was creamy color and compact. The highest shoot regeneration was observed in media with 0.75 mg/L BA. We cloud achieved 31 shoot per callus segment in the best treatment. Rooting was easily performed in peat: perlite (1:2) pots and they well acclimated and transferred to greenhouse and 99% plants were survived.
The Intracellular Fate of a Recombinant Protein Is Tissue Dependent (2006)

Recombinant proteins directed to the secretory pathway in plants require a signal peptide for entry into the endoplasmic reticulum. In the absence of further targeting information, such proteins are generally secreted via the default pathway to the apoplast. This has been well documented in protoplasts and leaf tissue, but the trafficking of recombinant proteins in seeds and other storage tissues has rarely been investigated. We used Aspergillus niger phytase as a model glycoprotein to compare the intracellular fate of a recombinant protein in the leaves and seeds of rice (Oryza sativa). Using fluorescence and electron microscopy we showed that the recombinant protein was efficiently secreted from leaf cells as expected. In contrast, within endosperm cells it was retained in endoplasmic reticulum-derived prolamin bodies and protein storage vacuoles. Consistent with our immunolocalization data, the phytase produced in endosperm cells possessed oligomannose and vacuolar-type N-glycans [Man(3)(Xyl)(Fuc)GlcNAc(2)], whereas the phytase produced in leaves contained predominantly secretion-type N-glycans [GlcNAc(2)Man(3)(Xyl)(Fuc)GlcNAc(2)]. The latter could not be detected in preparations of the endosperm-derived phytase. Our results show that the intracellular deposition and modification of a recombinant protein is tissue dependent.
Immunobiological Effects of Glucosamine <i>In Vitro</i> (2003)

Glucosamine (GlcN) and N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc) were assayed in vitro for their effects on proliferation, cytotoxicity and cytokine secretion in primary and secondary mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLCs). In addition, we studied the effect of GlcN and GlcNAc on the proliferation of purified CD4+ T cells exposed to immobilized anti-CD3 antibody. The present data show that GlcN, but not GlcNAc, inhibits CD4+ T-cell proliferation, the generation of alloreactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and the secretion of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-5 (IL-5) in primary MLC. In secondary T helper-2 (Th2)-polarized MLC, GlcN, but not GlcNAc, inhibits IL-4 and IL-5 secretion, whereas no effect was found on IFN-gamma secretion in Th1-polarized MLC. Dendritic cells treated with GlcN showed a 75-80% decreased capacity for antigen cross-presentation and allostimulation. In cellular bioassays, GlcN was shown to inhibit the stimulatory activity of IL-4 and IL-2, as well as the cytotoxic activity of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). In conclusion, GlcN suppresses unprimed T-cell responses by interfering with antigen-presenting cell functions and by a direct inhibitory effect on T-cell proliferation. In addition, GlcN inhibits the secretion of cytokines in antigen-stimulated unprimed T cells and primed Th2-polarized cells.
Capturing Local and Global Patterns in Procedural Content Generation via Machine Learning (2020)

Recent procedural content generation via machine learning (PCGML) methods allow learning from existing content to produce similar content automatically. While these approaches are able to generate content for different games (e.g. Super Mario Bros., DOOM, Zelda, and Kid Icarus), it is an open question how well these approaches can capture large-scale visual patterns such as symmetry. In this paper, we propose match-three games as a domain to test PCGML algorithms regarding their ability to generate suitable patterns. We demonstrate that popular algorithms such as Generative Adversarial Networks struggle in this domain and propose adaptations to improve their performance. In particular, we augment the neighbourhood of a Markov Random Fields approach to take into account not only local but also symmetric positional information. We conduct several empirical tests, including a user study that show the improvements achieved by the proposed modifications and obtain promising results.
X-ray scattering from poly(thiophene): Crystallinity and crystollography structure (1985)

X-ray scattering has been used to investigate the crystallinity and crystal structure of chemically coupled polythiophene. Heat treatment at elevated temperatures leads to significant increases in crystallinity (from approx. 35% as-synthesized up to approx. 56% after annealing at 380 C for 30 minutes) and coherence length indicative of chain growth and extension. Chemical analysis of the chain extended PT shows a major reduction in residual iodine content consistent with growth of the polymer chains to approximately 1200 thiophene rings. An initial model of the crystal structure of polythiophene is presented. (Author)
To Replicate or Not To Replicate Queries in the Presence of Autonomous Participants? (2011)

National audience
Holograms Made with Pulsed Argon–Ion Lasers Operating in Various Transverse Modes (1970)

Holograms were made with millisecond pulses from argon-ion lasers of 5-mm, 8-mm, and 15-mm bore diam operating in either the fundamental or higher order modes. The temporal coherence of the lasers was improved by an order of magnitude through use of an intracavity etalon.
Morphology and transport properties of midblock-sulfonated triblock copolymers (2010)

The morphology and transport properties of newly reported sulfonated triblock copolymers with varying degrees of sulfonation in the midblock and two different hydrophobic end block compositions were studied. The methacrylate-b-styrene-b-methacrylate triblock copolymers were grown from the center of the polymer chain by atom transfer radical polymerization using a difunctional initiator. It was found that the degree of sulfonation had a systematic effect on the block copolymer domain size as measured by small-angle X-ray scattering. Additionally, the degree of self-assembly of copolymers with hexyl methacrylate end blocks was greater than that of the samples with perfluorooctyl methacrylate end blocks as evidenced by higher order X-ray scattering peaks and transmission electron micrographs. The phase ordering of the materials appeared to be controlled by the solvent casting properties and glass transition temperature of the outer blocks. Increased order and high sulfonation levels led the poly(hexyl methacrylate)-b-sulfonated poly(styrene)-b-poly(hexyl methacrylate) materials to have greater conductivity than analogous samples with poly(perfluorooctyl methacrylate) end blocks.
Analytical Approach for the Power Management of Blended-Mode Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles (2012)

This paper focuses on the intrinsic aspects of power management for hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and plug-in HEVs (PHEV). A vehicle power distribution density function is used to describe the drive cycle characteristics. An electric driveline loss is introduced to describe the minimum system loss for a given mechanical power output, and a piecewise linear fuel consumption model is used to capture essential characteristics such as idle fuel consumption rate, peak efficiency, and the minimum power to reach peak efficiency. Models are based on the assumption that both machines operate at the optimal speed and torque for a given mechanical power as if they are coupled with an ideal continuous variable transmission (CVT). The power management strategy is represented with a pair of power parameters that describe the power threshold for turning on the engine and the optimum battery power in engine-on operations. The model of a parallel hybrid electric powertrain is constructed to obtain optimal solutions that maximize the fuel economy for a given battery energy depletion and for a general vehicle power distribution density function. One-dimensional loss models of two power sources as approximations to real machines coupled with hypothetic CVTs are introduced to solve the optimization problem analytically. It is found that the optimal minimum engine power is the controlling factor in minimizing the total fuel consumption for the given battery energy depletion targets and that the optimal power is solely determined by powertrain characteristics. Numerical simulations validated the properties of the optimal power solutions obtained through analytic approaches. The significance of the results to real-world HEV and PHEV applications are also discussed.
Long term benefits of rehabilitation at home on quality of life and exercise tolerance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. (1995)

BACKGROUND--Pulmonary rehabilitation has been shown to have short term subjective and objective benefits for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, appropriately controlled studies have not previously been performed, nor have the benefits of different types of continuation programme for rehabilitation been investigated. Both these problems have been addressed in a single study of the long term effects of once monthly physiotherapy versus once weekly physiotherapy at home after a comprehensive home rehabilitation programme on quality of life and exercise tolerance in patients with COPD. METHODS--Thirty six patients with severe airways obstruction (mean SD) forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) 1.3(0.4) 1, FEV1/inspiratory vital capacity (IVC) 37.2(7.9)%) were studied. Twenty three patients followed a rehabilitation programme at home for 18 months consisting of physiotherapy and supervision by a nurse and general practitioner. During the first three months all 23 patients visited the physiotherapist twice a week for a 0.5 hour session. Thereafter, 11 patients (group A) received a session of physiotherapy once weekly while 12 patients (group B) received a session of physiotherapy once a month. The control group C (13 patients) received no rehabilitation at all. Quality of life was assessed by the Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire, exercise tolerance by the six minute walking distance, and lung function by FEV1 and IVC. Outcome measures were assessed at baseline and at three, six, 12, and 18 months. RESULTS--Long term improvements in quality of life were found in patients in groups A and B, but not in those in group C compared with baseline, but these only reached significance in group B at all time points. Patients in group B had a higher quality of life than those in group C only at three and 12 months. There was a decrease in both six minute walking distance (at 12 and 18 months) and IVC (at three, 12, and 18 months) in patients in group C compared with the baseline measurement. Between groups analysis showed no differences for six minute walking distance, FEV1, and IVC. CONCLUSIONS--This study is the first to show that rehabilitation at home for three months followed by once monthly physiotherapy sessions improves quality of life over 18 months. The change in quality of life was not associated with a change in exercise tolerance.
A queueing model of delta networks (1983)

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/6440/5/bac8080.0001.001.pdf
Epidemiology of Sarcoidosis: Recent Advances and Future Prospects (2007)

Sarcoidosis is by definition a disease of "unknown causes," but recent epidemiologic advances suggest that the long-standing definition of sarcoidosis may soon need to be amended. The recently completed ACCESS (A Case-Control Etiologic Study of Sarcoidosis) study was not able to definitively identify the "cause" of sarcoidosis, but yielded important findings regarding familial and environmental risks that have advanced our understanding of this disease. The HLA-DRB1 associations reported in ACCESS along with the results of two recently completed genome scans of sarcoidosis in German Caucasians and African-Americans, respectively, have further defined the genetics of sarcoidosis. These studies suggest genetic heterogeneity of sarcoidosis risk between Caucasians and African-Americans and multiple susceptibility genes that interact together and with environmental factors in the disease pathogenesis. Genes that influence sarcoidosis clinical phenotypes may also be largely separate from sarcoidosis susceptibility genes. Although genetic studies of sarcoidosis in African-American populations are confounded by Caucasian admixture, this same admixture may be useful in identifying sarcoidosis genes linked with African ancestry. Case-only methods may be useful in identifying recent acute exposures linked to disease, genetic variants of risk, and gene-environment interactions. In summary, the epidemiology of sarcoidosis has a promising future that should eventually provide the answers to the etiologic origins of this complex disease.
Identification of Continuous-Time Noise Models (2004)

The goal of operational modal analysis is to estimate the resonance frequencies and damping ratios of mechanical structures (bridge, air plane, building ...) from their response to non-measurable external forces induced by e.g. the wind, earth quakes, traffic, turbulence ... The classical approach for identifying these physical parameters consists in straightforward discrete-time ARMA modeling of the true continuous-time process from discrete-time data (Peeters and De Roeck, 2001). Refined discrete-time approximations are proposed in Walhlberg et al. (1993), Soderstrom et al. (1997), and Fan et al. (1999). In this paper we model the continuous-time noise processes using the frequency domain BoxJenkins framework developed in Ljung (1999) for data collected in open loop. The advantages of this modeling approach are (i) it is exact for a realistic class of continuous-time noise processes, (ii) it can handle time domain as well as frequency domain data.
ChemInform Abstract: Design, Synthesis, and Properties of Molecule‐Based Assemblies with Large Second‐Order Optical Nonlinearities (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.