gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Status of the Third NGNP Graphite Irradiation AGC-3 in the Advanced Test Reactor (2013)

The United States Department of Energy’s Next Generation Nuclear Plant (NGNP) Program will irradiate up to six nuclear graphite creep experiments in the Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) located at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL). The graphite experiments are being irradiated over an approximate eight year period to support development of a graphite irradiation performance data base on the new nuclear grade graphites now available for use in high temperature gas reactors. The goals of the irradiation experiments are to obtain irradiation performance data, including irradiation creep, at different temperatures and loading conditions to support design of the NGNP Very High Temperature Gas Reactor (VHTR), as well as other future gas reactors. The experiments each consist of a single capsule that contain six stacks of graphite specimens, with half of the graphite specimens in each stack under a compressive load, while the other half of the specimens are not be subjected to a compressive load during irradiation. The six stacks have differing compressive loads applied to the top half of diametrically opposite pairs of specimen stacks. A seventh specimen stack in the center of the capsule does not have a compressive load. The specimens are being irradiated in an inert sweep gas atmosphere with on-line temperature and compressive load monitoring and control. There are also samples taken of the sweep gas effluent to measure any oxidation or off-gassing of the specimens that may occur during initial start-up of the experiment. The first experiment, AGC-1, started its irradiation in September 2009, and the irradiation was completed in January 2011. The second experiment, AGC-2, started its irradiation in April 2011 and completed its irradiation in May 2012 [1]. The third experiment, AGC-3, is scheduled to start its irradiation in late November 2012 and complete in the late summer to fall of 2014. This paper will briefly discuss the design of the AGC-3 experiment and control systems, and present the irradiation results to date.
A Method for Manufacturing Parabolic Mirrors (1957)

A simple method is described for producing parabolic mirrors by revolving a horizontal pan of liquid plastic and allowing it to harden into the parabolic shape which has been assumed by the liquid platic. This surface can be plated without further polishing into a mirror of a quality suited to various laboratory and industrial applications.
The status of <i>Endomyces scopularum</i>—a filamentous fungus and two yeasts (2001)

Given the clouded history of species of Endomyces and the Endomycetales, we determined partial sequences of nuclear small and large subunits of the ribosomal RNA gene for three cultures of Endomyces scopularum, a parasitic fungus of agaric basidiocarps, in order to clarify the phylogenetic position of the species within the ascomycetes. As the result of sequence comparisons, the three cultures were divided into two distinct groups in phylogenetic trees. Strain CBS 131.86 is in an ophiostomatalean clade in the euascomycetes. By comparison, CBS 154.92 and CBS 155.92, which have identical sequences in both subunits of rDNA, are in the Saccharomycetales clade. Candida fukazawae, C. sagamina, and C. fungicola, inhabitants of basidiocarps, were the closest taxa to the two yeast cultures.
Pineal tumors. (1990)

Pineal-region tumors constitute a diverse group of tumors. We recommend an aggressive surgical approach to these tumors for diagnostic as well as therapeutic purposes. Approximately one third of all pineal tumors are benign, resectable lesions and surgical therapy provides the best opportunity for a cure. Debulking procedures are beneficial in patients with malignant tumors both surgically and because they provide tissue specimens for diagnostic purposes to properly direct postoperative adjuvant therapy. Surgical results have been excellent, with an overall mortality and morbidity rate of 12 per cent and virtually no permanent deficits in patients with benign tumors.
Compensation of Modelling Errors Due to Unknown Domain Boundary in Electrical Impedance Tomography (2010)

Electrical impedance tomography is a highly unstable problem with respect to measurement and modeling errors. This instability is especially severe when absolute imaging is considered. With clinical measurements, accurate knowledge about the body shape is usually not available, and therefore an approximate model domain has to be used in the computational model. It has earlier been shown that large reconstruction artefacts result if the geometry of the model domain is incorrect. In this paper, we adapt the so-called approximation error approach to compensate for the modeling errors caused by inaccurately known body shape. This approach has previously been shown to be applicable to a variety of modeling errors, such as coarse discretization in the numerical approximation of the forward model and domain truncation. We evaluate the approach with a simulated example of thorax imaging, and also with experimental data from a laboratory setting, with absolute imaging considered in both cases. We show that the related modeling errors can be efficiently compensated for by the approximation error approach. We also show that recovery from simultaneous discretization related errors is feasible, allowing the use of computationally efficient reduced order models.
Effect of complex nonlinear susceptibility in generation of squeezed state light (1992)

The authors analyse the effects of complex nonlinear susceptibilities on several processes of squeezed state generation and show that the effect on degenerate parametric amplification was less than the effects on SHG and degenerate four-wave mixing. In designing a quantum communication system with squeezed states, the effects of the complex nonlinear susceptibilities should be considered.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
IONIC INHIBITION OF GROWTH IN LACTOBACILLUS LEICHMANNII 313 AND ITS REVERSAL WITH VITAMIN B<sub>12</sub> (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIONIC INHIBITION OF GROWTH IN LACTOBACILLUS LEICHMANNII 313 AND ITS REVERSAL WITH VITAMIN B12Thomas J. Bardos and Harry L. GordonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1953, 75, 8, 2019–2020Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1953https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01104a529https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01104a529research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views21Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An immunological study of some human brain tumours concerning the brain specific protein S<sub>100</sub> (1971)

Using an immunological technique it is shown that a protein antigenically identical with the S100 protein is present in tumours of glial origin but is missing in tumours originating from non-glial structures. The clinical application of the method is presented and discussed. Mit Hilfe einer immunologischen Technik wird gezeigt, das ein Protein - hinsichtlich des Antigens identisch mit dem S100-Protein - in Tumoren glioser Herkunft nachweisbar ist; es kommt jedoch nicht vor in Tumoren, die von nicht-gliosen Strukturen abstammen. Die klinische Anwendung der Methode wird dargestellt und besprochen. Usant d'une technique empruntee a l'immunologie il est demontre que les tumeurs d'origine gliale comportent une proteine antigeniquement identique a la proteine S 100 contrairement a celles provenant de structures non gliales. L'application clinique de la methode est decrite et discutee. Usando una tecnica de la inmunologia se demostrod que los tumores de origen glial llevan consigo una proteina antigenicamente identica a la proteina S100, contrariamente a las queprovienen de las estructuras no gliales. Se describe y discute la aplicacion clinica del metodo.
Biosynthetic precursors of deazaflavins (1992)

The incorporation of 13C- and 14C-labeled precursors into 5-deaza-7,8-didemethyl-8-hydroxyriboflavin (factor F0) was studied with growing cells of Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum. 5-Amino-6-ribitylamino-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione was incorporated into the deazaflavin and into riboflavin without dilution. Tyrosine and 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate were incorporated into the deazaflavin and into cellular protein. 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde was not incorporated. A reaction mechanism is proposed for the formation of the deazaflavin chromophore from 5-amino-6-ribitylamino-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione and tyrosine or 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate.
Use of a fiber-optic sensor system to review distributed magnetic field simulation of a wind turbine (2008)

According to the Lightning Protection Institute in the USA, lightning damage is the single largest cause of unplanned downtime in wind turbines. The damages can either be caused by direct effects on the structure, or by indirect effects on the systempsilas electronics. Hence, enhanced efforts on the improvement of the lightning protection system of wind turbines have been undertaken to reduce both effects. Therefore, electromagnetic analysis of different elements of the turbine is performed. In order to verify these simulations and to specify the need for shielding inside the turbine elements, the lightning induced field inside the different elements has to be measured and reviewed. In this paper we present a novel approach for potential-free magnetic field measurements, using fiber optic magnetic field sensors based on magnetic garnets. These sensors feature a broad frequency range, an inherent galvantic isolation as well as a low weight.
The Effect of Tolerance to Noninherited Maternal HLA Antigens on the Survival of Renal Transplants From Sibling Donors (1999)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUrological Survey: Abstracts: Kidney Transplantation and Renovascular Hypertension1 Jun 1999The Effect of Tolerance to Noninherited Maternal HLA Antigens on the Survival of Renal Transplants From Sibling Donors W.J. Burlingham, A.P. Grailer, D.M. Heisey, F.H.J. Claas, D. Norman, T. Mohanakumar, D.C. Brennan, H. de Fijter, T. van Gelder, J.D. Pirsch, H.W. Sollinger, and M.A. Bean W.J. BurlinghamW.J. Burlingham More articles by this author , A.P. GrailerA.P. Grailer More articles by this author , D.M. HeiseyD.M. Heisey More articles by this author , F.H.J. ClaasF.H.J. Claas More articles by this author , D. NormanD. Norman More articles by this author , T. MohanakumarT. Mohanakumar More articles by this author , D.C. BrennanD.C. Brennan More articles by this author , H. de FijterH. de Fijter More articles by this author , T. van GelderT. van Gelder More articles by this author , J.D. PirschJ.D. Pirsch More articles by this author , H.W. SollingerH.W. Sollinger More articles by this author , and M.A. BeanM.A. Bean More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(05)68890-8AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "The Effect of Tolerance to Noninherited Maternal HLA Antigens on the Survival of Renal Transplants From Sibling Donors." The Journal of Urology, 161(6), pp. 2028–2029 Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, Departments of Immunohematology and Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden and Dijkzigt University Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Transplantation, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, Departments of Pathology and Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, and Dendreon Corporation, Mountainview, California© 1999 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 161Issue 6June 1999Page: 2028-2029 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1999 by American Urological Association, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information W.J. Burlingham More articles by this author A.P. Grailer More articles by this author D.M. Heisey More articles by this author F.H.J. Claas More articles by this author D. Norman More articles by this author T. Mohanakumar More articles by this author D.C. Brennan More articles by this author H. de Fijter More articles by this author T. van Gelder More articles by this author J.D. Pirsch More articles by this author H.W. Sollinger More articles by this author M.A. Bean More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
IL-16 Variability and Modulation by Antiallergic Drugs in a Murine Experimental Allergic Rhinitis Model (2009)

These results suggest that IL-16 was both systemically and locally upregulated in the murine allergic rhinitis model and that IL-16 changed in parallel to allergic state by treatment with the drugs.
Ultrasonic focus degradation produced by abdominal wall (1991)

Focus degradation produced by human abdominal wall has been studied experimentally using measurements of ultrasonic pulses from a special curved transducer that emits a hemispheric wave and simulates a point source. The pulse waveforms were measured in a two-dimensional aperture after propagation through a water path and after propagation through five different specimens of human abdominal wall. The time history of the virtual point source was reconstructed from the measurements by removing the time delay produced by geometric path differences, finding the complex amplitudes of the temporal harmonics across the aperture, calculating the Fraunhofer diffraction pattern of each harmonic, and summing the patterns. Comparison of the time history in the plane of the virtual source reconstructed from signals that propagated through the abdominal wall specimens and the time history obtained from signals without the abdominal wall specimens present shows that the main features of the reconstructed source waveform are relatively unaffected by the presence of the human abdominal wall but that significant differences in signals greater than 40 dB down from the peak result from propagation through the specimens employed in this study.
NMR Relaxometric Investigation on Human Methemoglobin and Fluoromethemoglobin. An Improved Quantitative <i>in Vitro</i> Assay of Human Methemoglobin (1995)

Longitudinal water proton relaxation rates of methemoglobin solutions show a strong dependence on temperature and pH. The increase of the relaxation rates with temperature is associated with shortened exchange lifetime of the coordinated water molecule. An accurate measurement of the relaxation rate of methemoglobin solutions thus requires careful control of the experimental temperature. This observation prompted the authors to look for an improved version of the relaxometric in vitro determination of methemoglobin. The method is based on transforming methemoglobin into the corresponding fluoromethemoglobin derivative, which shows both a higher relaxivity and a negligible dependence on temperature. The proposed method has been found to be in good agreement with data from spectrophotometric assays.
The stress response in skin: the role of neutrophil products in preconditioning. (1993)

In this study we tested the hypothesis that neutrophil products are present in ischemic skin flaps and that they are abolished with preconditioning of the skin. Random back flaps were created on rats, and the sequential appearance of neutrophil products and tissue oxidants was measured in the skin flaps. These flaps had predictable skin necrosis (4.7 +/- 0.8 cm) in the distal ends, while preconditioned flaps had no skin necrosis. Neutrophil products were assayed by both histomorphometrics and myeloperoxidase assays. Lipid peroxidation products were measured to assess tissue oxidant production. These data demonstrate that there is an increase in myeloperoxidase activity in skin flaps that is statistically significantly greater in the distal ends of the flaps at 24 hours (p < 0.05). The lipid peroxidation products were statistically significantly elevated at 48 hours in the distal ends (p < 0.05). Preconditioning the skin as a bipedicled skin flap for 7 days and then dividing the distal attachment abolished neutrophil products and tissue oxidant activity in the skin flaps (p < 0.05). These data suggest that neutrophil products and oxidant production are increased in ischemic skin and that preconditioning of the flap markedly attenuates this response.
Densification effects on solution-processed indium-gallium-zinc-oxide films and their thin-film transistors (2014)

We report the effects of high-pressure annealing (HPA) on solution-processed InGaZnO (IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs). HPA increased the density of IGZO films. In particular, annealing in O2 at 1.0 MPa and 350 °C resulted in a high-density and low-porosity IGZO film, as characterized using X-ray reflectivity (XRR) and ellipsometry measurements. This was attributed to the oxidative and compressive effects on the oxygen-deficient solution-processed IGZO film. TFTs annealed in O2 at 1.0 MPa and 350 °C exhibited an increase in the field-effect mobility by a factor of approximately five compared with TFTs annealed in air at 0.1 MPa and 350 °C. Furthermore, improvements in reliability under negative and positive bias stresses were also observed following HPA.
Fast Hybrid Solution of Algebraic Systems (1990)

The error and timing of solvers consisting of both analog and digital circuitry for sparse linear systems of equations are proposed and analyzed. High speed but low precision is obtained from the analog circuits. This is combined with low speed but high precision from the digital circuits. The hybrid circuit should be faster than digital circuits alone. As a preconditioner to standard iterative solution methods, the hybrid circuit makes the cost of the preconditioning step negligible. The hybrid circuit is also applied to a standard multilevel algorithm.
Translucency of flowable bulk-filling composites of various thicknesses. (2012)

New flowable bulk-filling resin composites have less masking ability than conventional universal filling resin composite materials, which should be taken into account when optimum colour match and aesthetic results are to be achieved.
Selective Oxido‐Reductive Processes by Nucleophilic Radical Addition under Mild Conditions (2008)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Nucleophilic Radical Addition to N-heteroaromatic Bases Acylation of N-heteroaromatic Bases Acylation of N-heteroaromatic Bases Catalyzed by N-hydroxyphthalimide Photoinduced Nucleophilic Radical Substitution in the Presence of TiO2 Hydroxymethylation of N-heteroaromatic Bases Perfluoroalkylation of N-heteroaromatic Bases and Quinones Nucleophilic Radical Addition to Aldimines Nucleophilic Radical Addition Promoted by TiCl3/PhN2+ Systems Nucleophilic Radical Addition Promoted by TiCl3/Pyridine Systems Nucleophilic Radical Addition Promoted by TiCl3/Hydroperoxide Systems
Gastrointestinal helminths may affect host susceptibility to anthrax through seasonal immune trade-offs (2014)

This study is one of the first to examine laboratory-demonstrated Th1-Th2 trade-offs in a natural system. It provides evidence that seasonally bound pathogens may affect, through immunology, transmission dynamics of pathogens that might otherwise not be seasonally distributed. It suggests that, by manipulating the internal host ecosystem, GI parasites may influence the external ecosystem by affecting the dynamics of another environmentally transmitted pathogen.
Studies on 2-Keto-D-gluconic Acid (1963)

D-Ribulose was formed by the nickel ion catalyzed decarboxylation of 2-keto-D-gluconic acid in pyridine. Additionally, a small amount of D-arabinose was also detected.In the case of 2-keto-L-gulonic acid, L-xylose and L-xylulose were formed in an approximately equal amount.
Synthesis and properties of 1H-naphtho[2,1-b]thiete 2,2-dioxide (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and properties of 1H-naphtho[2,1-b]thiete 2,2-dioxideLeo A. Paquette and Melvin RosenCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1968, 33, 5, 2130–2132Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01269a101https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01269a101research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views62Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Two Paths of Oxide Precipitate Nucleation in Silicon (2007)

The coherent agglomeration of interstitial oxygen into single-plane and double-plane plates can explain the two peaks in the M-shaped nucleation curves in Czochralski silicon. The density of nucleation sites for the double-plane plates corresponds to the VO2 concentration. Ab initio calculations have shown that the agglomeration of oxygen atoms in single-plane and doubleplane plates is energetically favorable. These plates are under compressive strain. VO2 agglomeration plays only a minor role for modeling the M-shaped nucleation curves because of prior homogenization treatments. It is of much higher impact if as-grown wafers are subjected to nucleation anneals because of the higher vacancy concentration which was frozen in during crystal cooling. This results in higher nucleation rates at higher temperatures. Because the oxygen diffusivity below 700 °C is important for the nucleation rate and many controversial results about the diffusivity in this temperature range were published, we have analyzed the data from literature. We have demonstrated that the effective diffusivity of oxygen at temperatures below 700 °C which corresponds to the quasi equilibrium dimer concentration is very similar to the extrapolation from oxygen diffusivity at high temperature. The high effective diffusivities from out-diffusion and precipitation experiments, and the somewhat lower effective diffusivities from dislocation locking experiments are the result of an ongoing formation of fast diffusing dimers because the equilibrium is disturbed as the result of the strongly increasing difference in the diffusion length between interstitial oxygen and the fast diffusing dimer with decreasing temperature.