gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sorbitol activates atypical protein kinase C and GLUT4 glucose transporter translocation/glucose transport through proline-rich tyrosine kinase-2, the extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway and phospholipase D (2002)

Sorbitol, "osmotic stress", stimulates GLUT4 glucose transporter translocation to the plasma membrane and glucose transport by a phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase-independent mechanism that reportedly involves non-receptor proline-rich tyrosine kinase-2 (PYK2) but subsequent events are obscure. In the present study, we found that extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway components, growth-factor-receptor-bound-2 protein, son of sevenless (SOS), RAS, RAF and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase/ERK kinase, MEK(-1), operating downstream of PYK2, were required for sorbitol-stimulated GLUT4 translocation/glucose transport in rat adipocytes, L6 myotubes and 3T3/L1 adipocytes. Furthermore, sorbitol activated atypical protein kinase C (aPKC) through a similar mechanism depending on the PYK2/ERK pathway, independent of PI 3-kinase and its downstream effector, 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 (PDK-1). Like PYK2/ERK pathway components, aPKCs were required for sorbitol-stimulated GLUT4 translocation/glucose transport. Interestingly, sorbitol stimulated increases in phospholipase D (PLD) activity and generation of phosphatidic acid (PA), which directly activated aPKCs. As with aPKCs and glucose transport, sorbitol-stimulated PLD activity was dependent on the ERK pathway. Moreover, PLD-generated PA was required for sorbitol-induced activation of aPKCs and GLUT4 translocation/glucose transport. Our findings suggest that sorbitol sequentially activates PYK2, the ERK pathway and PLD, thereby increasing PA, which activates aPKCs and GLUT4 translocation. This mechanism contrasts with that of insulin, which primarily uses PI 3-kinase, D3-PO(4) polyphosphoinositides and PDK-1 to activate aPKCs.
ABSTRACTS (1962)

Experiments were performned on dogs to deter- nmine the extent to which the coronary circula- tion affects the myocardial contractility and cardiac size.Heart failure produced by pulmo- nary artery constriction was a consequence of decreased coronary blood flow.Marked func- tional improvement was obtained by increasing coronary blood flow by means of a veno-arterial shunting procedure.After a period of the shunt- ing procedure, some of the animals acquired the capacity to maintain good cardiac function even when the shunt was discontinued.The coronary blood flow influenced the heart size, strength of contraction, and adaptive mechanisms.Clinical application of these principles was described in a patient with myocardial infaretion and pro- longed shock who responded favorably to a veno- arterial shunt.KALMANSOHN
Ein Modell für die Keimbildung der Stapelfehlertetraeder in abgeschrecktem Gold Von (1965)

Abstract Die Keimbildung von Stapelfehlertetraedern in abgeschrecktem Gold wird auf Grund eines Modells erklärt, wonach die Keime durch einen Dreierstoß von Einfach‐, Doppel‐ und Dreifachleerstellen gebildet werden. Die Keime wirken nach ihrer Bildung als effektive Senken für die beweglichen Leerstellen. Es werden Gleichungen für die Variation der Tetraederdichte mit Leerstellenkonzentration und Temperatur und für die Kinetik der Keimbildung gegeben. Ein quantitativer Vergleich zwischen Theorie und Experiment ergibt als Bindungsenergie und als Assoziationsentropie von Dreifachleerstellen 0,3 eV bzw. 3,5 k . Die Vierfach‐ und Fünffachleerstellen sind wahrscheinlich instabil, während die Wanderungsenergie der Dreifachleerstellen vermutlich zwischen den entsprechenden Energien der Einfach‐ und der Doppelleerstellen liegt.
[The initial experience of the use of ReoPro in high-risk coronary angioplasty in Italy: the Italian Registry on the Conditions for the Use of ReoPro during Angioplasty (R.I.CO.R.D.A.)]. (2000)

The results of this Registry shed light on the actual use of abciximab in the setting of high-risk PTCA in Italy. The incidence of cardiac events and bleeding complications in the group of patients treated on an elective basis is comparable to that reported in the main large-scale international trials. The bailout abciximab group showed a higher incidence of both cardiac events and bleeding complications.
Decision-Making with Unbounded Loss Functions (2006)

We consider the problem of decision-making under uncertainty with unbounded loss functions. Inspired by PAC learning model, we use a slightly different model that incorporates the notion of side information in a more generic form to make it applicable to a broader class of applications including system identification and parameter estimation. We address sufficient conditions for consistent decision-making as well as exponential convergence behavior. In this regard, besides a requirement on the growth function of the class of loss functions, it suffices to have a dominating function whose Orlicz expectation is uniformly bounded over the probabilistic model. Decay exponent, decay rate, and sample complexity for expected risk minimization decision policy are discussed, as well
Implementation and assessment of a molecular biology and bioinformatics undergraduate degree program (2008)

The Department of Biological Sciences at the University of Wisconsin-Parkside has developed and implemented an innovative, multidisciplinary undergraduate curriculum in Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics (MBB). The objective of the MBB program is to give students a hands-on facility with molecular biology theories and laboratory techniques, an understanding of mathematical and physical concepts, an ability to apply these concepts to MBB, and a proficiency with the computational tools and skills related to bioinformatics. We hypothesized that a greater exposure to bioinformatics methods, more rigorous requirements in math and computer science, and a constant demand for integrating information in hands-on laboratory courses would help students develop better analytical skills. Indeed, the assessment data support these predictions. Interestingly, 80% of MBB majors apply and are accepted into graduate schools.
Characterization of a Langevin transducer incorporating Mn-doped piezocrystal material (2014)

Recent developments of third generation relaxor-PT piezoelectric type single crystals, Mn:PIN-PMN-PT, herald significant potential benefits to high power ultrasonic devices due to their high electro-mechanical coupling coefficient, low mechanical losses and increased temperature and electric field stability. This study reports on two power ultrasonic transducers, one based on piezocrystal and one based on piezoceramic. The transducers are characterized experimentally to identify their resonant behavior under different conditions and their properties are investigated over an extended period to analyse transducer stability.
In Pursuit of a Better Seed Trap (1998)

Seed and litter traps are tools used by foresters and ecologists. We describe two different types of a durable trap constructed from plastic plumbing pipe, which are easily assembled/disassembled for efficient transportation and storage.
EN ISO 6892-1:2009 Tensile Testing: Initial Experience from the Practical Implementation of the New Standard* (2011)

Abstract With the publication of EN ISO 6892-1:2009 [1], the harmonisation of tensile testing at room temperature in Europe was achieved by combining EN 10002-1:2001 [2] with ISO 6892:1998 [3]. Essential changes are the introduction of the strain rate and the strain rate control as the significant testing rate or control mode, respectively, referred to as “Method A”. By using this method in the correct way it is guaranteed that in the moment of determination of properties comparable resulting strain rates at the test piece in smaller ranges of specified strain rates are adopted — also if different stiffnesses of the testing equipment are present. This leads especially for strain rate sensitive materials to better comparable results. In this paper it is documented the need for the implementation of method A, methods for the realisation — also by the use of older testing systems — and an example of the comparability of results of the methods for a strain-rate-sensitive-steel.
ErbB3 protein expression in serous ovarian carcinomas of elderly women (2007)

16026 Background: Ovarian carcinoma is the leading cause of death due to gynecologic malignancies, and older age at the time of diagnosis has been suggested to correlate with poorer outcome. Recent studies suggest that expression of ErbB3, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor family, is associated with decreased survival. The goal of this study was to examine ErbB3 protein expression with a tissue microarray (TMA) comprised of advanced papillary serous (PS) ovarian carcinomas, and to correlate results with clinical information to evaluate for expression differences in younger and older women. Methods: A high density TMA (with 4 cores per primary tumor) was constructed by retrospective review of PS ovarian carcinoma cases seen between 1999 and 2005. Patients were divided into 2 cohorts based on age (=65 and =55 at diagnosis). Only cases of stage III or IV disease were included, and patients with BRCA mutations were excluded. Clinical data were obtained by chart and database review. TMA sections were immunostained for ErbB3, and expression was correlated with age, stage, and overall survival. Results: 136 primary tumors were available: 72 in the =65 group, 64 in the =55 group. Tumors from the =65 cohort were significantly less likely to express ErbB3 (16.7%) when compared to the ≤55 cohort (51.6%) (p<0.0001). Patients whose tumors expressed ErbB3 had decreased median survival (33.6 months) compared to ErbB3 negative cases (47.3 months), but these results were not statistically significant (p=0.10). ErbB3 expression correlated in a borderline significant manner with stage (dichotomized as IIIa/IIIb vs. IIIc/IV) at the time of diagnosis (stage IIIa/b 11.8%+ vs. stage IIIc/IV 36.1%+; p=0.055). Multivariate analysis with respect to age, stage, and ErbB3 status did not reveal ErbB3 to be a statistically significant predictor of poor outcome in this data set. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that PS ovarian carcinomas in patients aged =65 at the time of diagnosis are significantly less likely to express ErbB3 than those ≤55. Correlation between ErbB3 expression and more advanced stage at the time of diagnosis bordered on significance. There was a non-significant trend towards decreased overall survival in both univariate and multivariate analyses in patients whose tumors exhibited ErbB3 expression. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Tracking of Moving Objects by Using a Low Resolution Image (2007)

Automatic detection and tracking of moving object is very important task for security system, monitoring activity and surveillance application. It is, however, still under the developmental stage and needs to be robust performance when applied in an unconstrained environment. Many approaches have been developed to detect motion, namely, optical flow, frame difference, background subtraction and skin color extraction. These methods are sensitive to illumination changes and small movement in the background such as moving leaves of trees that will cause inaccurate detection. Some techniques have been applied to reduce this kind of noise. In this paper we propose a new method by using a low resolution image to reduce that kind of noise so we can get an accurate tracking object.
Distributed end-to-end proportional delay differentiation in wireless LAN (2004)

Providing service differentiation in wireless networks has attracted much attention in recent research. Existing studies so far have focused on the design of MAC layer protocols to achieve distributed priority scheduling. While these works have been shown to achieve certain differentiation (higher throughput or lower delay for higher priority packets) at MAC layer, they did not consider the problem of service differentiation from end-to-end perspective. Moreover, these approaches did not present a formalized service differentiation model that quantifies the degree of differentiation, which is critical for service class selection and provision. This paper addresses above problems by introducing a clear service differentiation model, proportional service differentiation, to the domain of wireless network which targets at providing proportional delay differentiation in wireless LAN. Due to the unique characteristic of distributed medium sharing, the scheduling algorithm employed in wireline networks can not be applied directly to the context of the wireless network. We argue that delay differentiation in wireless LAN can be only achieved through a joint packet scheduling at network layer and distributed coordination at MAC layer. Hereby, we present a distributed waiting time priority scheduling (DWTP) algorithm which is deployed on a cross-layer architecture. DWTP consists of two tiers: an intra-node predictive WTP scheduler at network layer and an inter-node priority-based distributed coordination at MAC layer. These two tiers coordinate via cross-layer priority mapping to achieve proportional delay differentiation. Simulation results show that the cross-layer DWTP algorithm can effectively achieve proportional delay differentiation in wireless LAN.
Association of statin use and risk for severe headache or migraine by serum vitamin D status: A cross-sectional population-based study (2014)

Statin use in those with higher serum vitamin D levels is significantly associated with lower odds of having severe headache or migraine.
A vacuum-ultraviolet Čerenkov radiation source (1984)

We report on measurements performed to characterize vacuum-ultraviolet Čerenkov radiation generated with a gas cell and optical system, installed in a primary beam line of the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center 20-GeV electron linac. Variation of the helium pressure in the cell resulted in collected radiation which was tuneable from 800 Å through the visible, had a bandwidth of ≂4% at 1000 Å, a photon flux of ≂1012 photons/sec mA of beam current, and a time structure identical to that of the electron beam. Measured radiation properties are compared to calculated predictions to indicate where improvements in the system design and fabrication could be made.
An improved assay for the determination of C-reactive protein. (2002)

C-reactive protein as the most important acute phase reactant in clinical use provides information about acute as well as chronic inflammatory processes. This application requires an improvement of traditional assays that have been available to the clinical laboratory regarding lipemic interference, precision especially at the lower end, assay and calibration stability as well. In the present study the improved Olympus turbidimetric assay for the determination of C-reactive protein (CRP) was evaluated on the Olympus AU640 analytical system. The assay has a lower detection limit of 1.57 mg/l CRP and is linear from 5 mg/l to 200 mg/l. Prozone hook effect did not occur until 300 mg/l with increased prozone sample detection to 3500 mg/l. Imprecison CV values for within-run of less than 2.25% and between-day of lower than 3.1% were found. On-board stability was extended to 60 days, and calibration stability to 28 days. Method comparison to another automated CRP assay yielded a correlation coefficient of r=0.999. Endogenous substances did not interfere with the test results. There was satisfactory recovery of target values according to CRM 470 standardization. In comparison to the previous assay the improved assay offers more accuracy, precision, and linearity and is free from any known interference, which meets user needs, for rapid and convenient determination of CRP on automated analyzers.
Control of pyrite surface chemistry in physical coal cleaning (1992)

Correlation of the hydrophobicity measurements of coal and mineral pyrite with changes in the surface composition of the samples as determined by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) reveals that similar surface oxidation products are found on both mineral and coal pyrite samples. The surface oxidation layer of these samples is comprised of different amounts of hydrophilic species (iron hydroxy-oxides and/or iron oxides) and hydrophobic species (polysulfide or elemental sulfur). The resulting hydrophobicity of these samples may be attributed to the ratio of hydrophilic (surface oxides) to hydrophobic (sulfur-containing) species in the surface oxidation layer. Also, coal pyrite samples were found to exhibit a greater degree of superficial oxidation and a less hydrophobic character as compared to the mineral pyrite samples.
A Longitudinal Social Network Analysis of the Editorial Boards of Medical Informatics and Bioinformatics Journals (2007)

Social network analysis methods provide insight into the relationships between the medical informatics and bioinformatics communities. The number of editorial board members facilitating the publication intersection of the communities has grown, but the intersection remains dependent on a small group of individuals and fragile.
Dramatically decreased therapeutic efficacy of chloroquine and sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine, but not mefloquine, in southern Benin (2007)

Chloroquine should no longer be used to treat children presenting with Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Benin.
Notes and Correspondence: Two Letters on a Type of Condenser for the Determination of Crude Fiber (1920)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNotes and Correspondence: Two Letters on a Type of Condenser for the Determination of Crude FiberJ. Pickel and C. ClemensCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1920, 12, 6, 611–612Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1920Publication History Published online10 November 2004Published inissue 1 June 1920https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50126a600https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50126a600research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views6Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
A framework for progressive medical image transmission and compression (2002)

Digital radiology places very high demands on the networking and digital storage infrastructure of hospitals. In addition to having quite stringent requirements on the quality of the images displayed to the radiologist, much of the technical challenge resides in the necessity of displaying desired images as rapidly as possible. We present an infrastructure for progressive transmission and compression of medical images, which can refine an initial image by increasing the detail information not only in scale-space, but also in coefficient precision. The approach is based on the embedded zerotree wavelet (EZW) algorithm. This algorithm offers a tremendous amount of flexibility in meeting the bandwidth and image quality constraints in a radiological imaging environment. We propose an application of the EZW algorithm in progressive medical image transmission in which it can specify and control the resolution constraint. The presented method can provide a framework for lossy image compression, with performance far superior to those provided by the standard JPEG algorithm.
Large Time-Bandwidth Product Microwave Arbitrary Waveform Generation Using a Spatially Discrete Chirped Fiber Bragg Grating (2010)

We propose and experimentally demonstrate an approach to generating large time-bandwidth product (TBWP) microwave arbitrary waveforms based on optical pulse shaping using a single spatially discrete chirped fiber Bragg grating (SD-CFBG). The SD-CFBG functions to perform simultaneously spectral slicing, frequency-to-time mapping, and temporal shifting of the input optical pulse, which leads to the generation of an optical pulse burst with the individual pulses in the burst temporally spaced by the time delays determined by the SD-CFBG. With the help of a bandwidth-limited photodetector (PD), a smooth microwave waveform is obtained. The SD-CFBG is fabricated using a linearly chirped phase mask by axially shifting the photosensitive fiber to introduce a spatial spacing between two adjacent sub-gratings during the fabrication process. By properly designing the fiber shifting function, a large TBWP microwave arbitrary waveform with the desired frequency chirping or phase coding can be generated. An equation that relates the fiber shifting function and the microwave waveform frequency chirping is derived. The photonic generation of large TBWP microwave waveforms with a linear, nonlinear and stepped frequency chirping is experimentally demonstrated.
Possible Autosomal Isochromosome in a Malformed Child (1966)

A CHROMOSOMAL aberration that has not been previously reported was encountered during study of an 8-year-old Caucasian girl with multiple developmental anomalies and mental retardation. Her chromosome complement included an extra small metacentric chromosome with satellites on both ends, presumably an autosomal isochromosome. Isochromosomes have heretofore been described for the long arm of the X chromosome<sup>1-3</sup>and more recently for the long arm of a 17-18 chromosome.<sup>4</sup>Small metacentric chromosomes<sup>5,6</sup>have been reported by several authors, and these may represent short arm isochromosomes. The D/D<sup>7</sup>and G/G<sup>8,9</sup>translocations may be alternately interpreted as isochromosomes for the long arm of one of the D (13-15) and G (21-22) chromosomes, respectively. It is well recognized that excess genetic material may exist in viable human cells and that this extra material may be associated with various stigmata. At present, there are only three established autosomal trisomies in man:
ATA beam director experiment (1986)

This report describes beam director elements for an experiment at the Advanced Test Accelerator. The elements described include a vernier magnet for beam aiming, an achromat magnet, and an isolation system for the beam interface. These components are built at small scale for concept testing. (JDH)
Simple 1,2‐Diamine Ligands for Asymmetric Addition of Aryllithium Reagents to Imines (2005)

Abstract Enantioselective addition of various aryllithium reagents to aromatic imines was catalyzed (20 mol‐%) by readily accessible 1,2‐diamines to afford a wide range of protected diarylmethylamines in up to 94 % enantiomeric excess. Furthermore, the absolute configuration of these arylation products was determined by using X‐ray crystallography. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)