gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nuclear sphingosine 1‐phosphate and lung cancer (96.3) (2014)

Mechanisms that selectively regulate canonical telomere‐replication and non‐canonical oncogenic functions of telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) are largely unknown. Here, we show that sphingosine kinase‐2 (SK‐2)‐generated nuclear sphingosine 1‐phosphate (S1P), a bioactive sphingolipid, interacts with hTERT, involving the C3‐OH of S1P and the D684 residue of hTERT, which then prevents E3 ubiquitin ligase MKRN1‐dependent hTERT degradation. Accordingly, molecular, genetic or pharmacologic targeting of SK‐2, or inhibition of the S1P/hTERT interaction, decreased hTERT stability, and suppressed orthotopic or xenograft‐driven lung tumor growth, without altering telomere length, by activation of a tumor suppressor TCF21. Expression of wild‐type or catalytically inactive‐hTERT mutant that increased or decreased telomere length, respectively, but not the D684A‐hTERT with altered S1P binding, prevented lung tumor suppression by SK‐2/S1P inhibition.
Fluoro-1,3,2,4-diazadiphosphetidines (1965)

R. Schmutzler, Chem. Commun. (London), 1965, 19 DOI: 10.1039/C19650000019
Mechanistic Aspects of Condensed- and Gaseous-Phase Activities of Some Phosphorus-Containing Fire Retardants (2020)

As a part of our ongoing investigations on passively fire protecting polymeric materials, we have been employing both reactive and additive routes involving phosphorus-containing compounds. These included inorganic and organic substances, and in the latter case, the phosphorus-bearing groups differed in terms of the chemical environments (phosphite, phosphate, phosphine, phosphine oxide and phosphonate ester) and oxidation state of the P atom (i.e., III, or V). The overall flammability profiles of wood substrates coated with the phosphorus-containing compounds were obtained through cone calorimetric measurements. The elemental composition, morphology and chemical natures of the char residues, obtained from the cone tests, were analysed through a variety of spectroscopic, chromatographic and spectrometric means. From the complementary information, obtained through these analyses, some probable mechanistic pathways that underpin the condensed- and gaseous-phase activities of the different additives are suggested. It was found that the inorganic solid additive, i.e., (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>HPO<sub>4</sub>, underwent a two-step degradation, yielding ammonia gas and phosphoric acid. Furthermore, the liquid additives, owing to their volatility as compared to the solid ones, showed a relatively higher presence in the vapour phase than volatile fragments emanating from the latter ones (i.e., from phosphine and the phosphine oxides).
Thermal Aspects of Conventional and Alternative Fuels in SuperCritical Water-Cooled Reactor (SCWR) Applications (2012)

Thermal Aspects of Conventional and Alternative Fuels in SuperCritical Water-Cooled Reactor (SCWR) Applications
ChemInform Abstract: Identification of Cyclicsulfonamide Derivatives with an Acetamide Group as 11β‐Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase 1 Inhibitors. (2011)

Abstract A series of cyclic sulfonamide derivatives (IX) (31 examples) with an acetamide group in the 2‐position are synthesized and evaluated for their ability to inhibit 11β‐HSD1.
Data set of enzyme fingerprinting of dietary fibre components (arabinoxylan and β-glucan) in old and modern Italian durum wheat genotypes (2017)

The data presented are related to the research article entitled "Comparison of the dietary fibre composition of old and modern durum wheat (<i>Triticum turgidum</i> spp. <i>durum</i>) genotypes" (De Santis et al., 2018) [1]. This article provides details of the structures of the major dietary fibre components, arabinoxylan and β-glucan, in semolina and wholemeal flour of old and modern Italian durum wheat genotypes grown in two seasons, determined by enzyme digestion followed by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography (enzyme fingerprinting).
Nitrogen (1987)

Abstract Muskmelon seedlings (cv. Galia) were grown under hydroponic greenhouse conditions using 4 nutrient solutions containing 17 (N1 and P1) or 425 (N2 and P2) ppm of nitrogen and phosphorus. Four weeks after the beginning of nutrition, N‐stressed (N1P2) seedlings were transferred either to N2P1 or to N2P2 and P‐stressed (N2P1) seedlings were transferred either to N1P2 or to N2P2 for an additional growth period of 3 weeks. Repair of P‐stressed seedlings was faster than that of N‐stressed seedlings when both were transferred to N2P2. There was no difference in rate of seedling repair in N2P2 or N2P1 after N‐stress. In contrast, P‐stressed seedlings were repaired more rapidly under N2P2 than under N1P2. In N‐stressed seedlings new leaves appeared and the stem elongated at the beginning of repair. In repair of P‐stressed seedlings, existing old leaves first increased in size and then new leaves were produced. Dry weight/fresh weight ratios increased with seedling age and under nutrition stresses.
EFFICACY OF DIPALMITOYLPHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE LIPOSOME AGAINST AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMES (2006)

We demonstrate here that dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) liposome has an antitrypanosomal effect, especially against the bloodstream forms (BSFs) of African trypanosomes (Trypanosoma congolense, T. brucei rhodesiense, and T. brucei brucei). The DPPC liposome significantly decreased the in vitro percentage of viable and motile BSF African trypanosomes but only marginally reduced the percentage of viable and motile procyclic form (PCF) of trypanosomes. The DPPC liposome absorption was much more pronounced to BSF than to PCF trypanosomes. Administration of the DPPC liposome showed a slight but significant reduction in the early development of parasitemia in T. congolense-infected mice. These results suggest that parasites were killed by specific binding of the DPPC liposome to the trypanosomes. This work demonstrates for the first time that a liposome has antitrypanosomal activity.
Temperature dependence of spin-torque-driven self-oscillations (2009)

We have measured the temperature dependence of spin-torque-driven self-oscillations in point-contact nano-oscillators for both in-plane and out-of-plane applied fields. We find that the linewidth for both field geometries is qualitatively similar. In the absence of observable low-frequency noise, at high temperatures the linewidth decreases roughly linearly as the temperature decreases. However, extrapolation of the quasilinear region to a zero-temperature linewidth intercept can yield either a positive or negative value. This variation in the zero-temperature linewidth intercept indicates that a range of mechanisms must be involved in setting the linewidth. When $1/f$ noise is present in the device power spectrum, the linewidth varies quasiexponentially with temperature. While the linewidth versus temperature behavior is similar for both in-plane and out-of-plane applied fields, their output power versus current variation with temperature is qualitatively different.
Oculocutaneous albinism type 1: link between mutations, tyrosinase conformational stability, and enzymatic activity (2016)

Oculocutaneous albinism type 1 (OCA1) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the tyrosinase gene. Two subtypes of OCA1 have been described: severe OCA1A with complete absence of tyrosinase activity and less severe OCA1B with residual tyrosinase activity. Here, we characterize the recombinant human tyrosinase intramelanosomal domain and mutant variants, which mimic genetic changes in both subtypes of OCA1 patients. Proteins were prepared using site-directed mutagenesis, expressed in insect larvae, purified by chromatography, and characterized by enzymatic activities, tryptophan fluorescence, and Gibbs free energy changes. The OCA1A mutants showed very low protein expression and protein yield and are enzymatically inactive. Mutants mimicking OCA1B were biochemically similar to the wild type, but exhibited lower specific activities and protein stabilities. The results are consistent with clinical data, which indicates that OCA1A mutations inactivate tyrosinase and result in severe phenotype, while OCA1B mutations partially inactivate tyrosinase and result in OCA1B albinism.
Effects of 17β-Estradiol and the Japanese Herbal Medicine Keishi-bukuryo-gan on the Release and Synthesis of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide in Ovariectomized Rats (2003)

The purpose of this study is to clarify the effects of 17beta-estradiol and the Japanese herbal medicine Keishi-bukuryo-gan on the release and synthesis of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. The effect of ovariectomy on the release or synthesis was evaluated by measuring CGRP concentration in plasma after capsaicin (1.0 mg/kg, i.p.) injection or by measuring CGRP concentration and its mRNA expression in dorsal root ganglia in OVX rats. Ovariectomy attenuated the capsaicin-evoked increase in plasma concentration of CGRP, which was restored by treatment with 17beta-estradiol (0.010 mg/kg, s.c.) or Keishi-bukuryo-gan (1000 mg/kg, p.o.) for 7 days after ovariectomy. However, no significant differences were observed in the CGRP concentration and the mRNA expression of dorsal root ganglia by treating the rats with ovariectomy, 17 beta-estradiol, and Keishi-bukuryo-gan. These results suggest not only that estrogen deficiency attenuates CGRP release but also that 17beta-estradiol or Keishi-bukuryo-gan normalizes the attenuated release process.
Population dynamics of Cyrtomon luridus Boheman (Coloptera: Curculionidae) on Duboisia sp. (Solanaceae) in Brazil (2005)

Cyrtomon luridus (Boheman) has adapted to the medicinal plant Duboisia sp., introduced from Australia. Its larvae feed on roots, causing up to 100% mortality damages. The population dynamics and biological cycle were studied to determine future control methods in Duboisia sp., in Arapongas, Paraná State, Brazil, from 1993 to 1996. C. luridus presented annual life cycle in Duboisia sp. under natural conditions. The larval development period was 120 to 150 days, from January to May, reaching an average size of 19.0 ± 2.0 mm in soil depth ranging on 24.9 ± 8.6 cm to 45.0 ± 10.0 cm. The beginning of the pupal phase happened in April. The larval-adult viability ranged on 7.5% to 19.6%. The typical symptoms of attack appeared in an infestation level of 60 larvae per plant. The first adults came out in July, six months after larvae hatching. However, adults came out from soil only in September, at the beginning of the rainy season, reaching the peak of emergency in October, outspreading until January. In laboratory (25ºC, 70% R.H.), females longevity averaged 113.7 ± 15.2 days. In this period, laying capacity was 42.7 ± 7.9 egg masses, with 9.4 ± 0.61 eggs each, totaling 402 ± 72.9 eggs per female. Adults C. luridus were found parasitized by Microctonus sp. (Loan) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Solanaceae species Solanum mauritianum Scopoli and Cestrum intermedium Sendt. were identified as host plants of C. luridus.
all-trans retinoic acid enhances cisplatin-induced apoptosis in human ovarian adenocarcinoma and in squamous head and neck cancer cells. (1997)

Cisplatin exerts its cytotoxicity by inducing apoptosis. Similarly, all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) causes apoptosis in certain cells. We studied the interaction of cisplatin and ATRA in human ovarian adenocarcinoma cells 2008, in human head and neck squamous carcinoma cells UMSCC10b, and in their respective cisplatin-resistant sub-lines. ATRA enhanced the cytotoxicity of cisplatin. The interaction of the drugs was synergistic in combination index-isobologram analyses (combination index >0.5 at 50% cell survival) in all of the cell lines tested. ATRA inhibited the cellular accumulation of the cisplatin analogue [3H] cis-dichloroethylenediamineplatinum(II) by 22-33% in three of four cell lines tested but did not alter the cellular content of reduced glutathione. The expression of Bcl-2 relative to Bax decreased more after combined treatment with cisplatin and ATRA than after either drug alone. The apoptotic mechanism of cell death was confirmed by demonstrating cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase and by morphological analysis. The combined treatment with ATRA and cisplatin induced apoptosis in significantly more cells than either drug alone. We conclude that ATRA enhances the cytotoxicity of cisplatin by facilitating apoptosis in ovarian and head and neck carcinoma cells.
DHEA-Mediated Inhibition of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway Alters Oocyte Lipid Metabolism in Mice (2013)

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and hyperandrogenism have altered hormone levels and suffer from ovarian dysfunction leading to subfertility. We have attempted to generate a model of hyperandrogenism by feeding mice chow supplemented with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), an androgen precursor that is often elevated in women with PCOS. Treated mice had polycystic ovaries, low ovulation rates, disrupted estrous cycles, and altered hormone levels. Because DHEA is an inhibitor of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, the rate-limiting enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway, we tested the hypothesis that oocytes from DHEA-exposed mice would have metabolic disruptions. Citrate levels, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity, and lipid content in denuded oocytes from these mice were significantly lower than controls, suggesting abnormal tricarboxylic acid and pentose phosphate pathway metabolism. The lipid and citrate effects were reversible by supplementation with nicotinic acid, a precursor for reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. These findings suggest that elevations in systemic DHEA can have a negative impact on oocyte metabolism and may contribute to poor pregnancy outcomes in women with hyperandrogenism and PCOS.
Photoacoustic frequency-domain depth profilometry of surface-layer inhomogeneities: Application to laser processed steels (1992)

An observed change in the photoacoustic signal frequency response of laser processed stainless-steel and carbon steel samples with respect to unprocessed reference samples is reported. A recently developed thermal wave theory for depth profiling of bulk inhomogeneities (where the surface thermal diffusivity is known and is the same as the homogeneous reference material) in condensed phases with arbitrary, continuously varying thermal diffusivity profiles [A. Mandelis, S. B. Peralta, and J. Thoen, J. Appl. Phys. 70, 1761 (1991)] has been modified to obtain quantitative thermal diffusivity profiles extending from the surface into the bulk. Profiles obtained using this method, which is, in principle, of nondestructive nature, are consistent with the profiles obtained from destructive methods such as cross-sectional optical metallographic examination and microhardness testing.
The effects of ultraviolet-B radiation on photosynthesis of different aged needles in field-grown loblolly pine (1993)

We examined the effect of supplemental UV-B radiation (290-320 nm) on photosynthetic characteristics of different aged needles of 3-year-old, field-grown loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.). Needles in four age classes were examined: I, most recently fully expanded, year 3; II, first flush, year 3; III, final flush, year 2; and IV, oldest needles still present, year 2. Enhanced UV-B radiation caused a statistically significant decrease (6%) in the ratio of variable to maximum fluorescence (F(v)/F(m)) following dark adaptation only in needles from the youngest age class, suggesting transient damage to photosynthesis. However, no effects of enhanced UV-B radiation on other instantaneous measures of photosynthesis, including maximum photosynthesis, apparent quantum yield and dark respiration, were seen for needles of any age. Foliar nitrogen concentration was unaffected by UV-B treatment. However, the (13)C/(12)C carbon isotope ratios (delta(13)C-a time integrated measure of photosynthetic function) of needles in age classes II and IV were 3% (P < 0.01) and 2% (P < 0.05) more negative, respectively, in treated plants than in control plants. Exposure to enhanced UV-B radiation caused a 20% decrease in total biomass and a 4% (P < 0.05), 25% (P < 0.01), and 9% (P < 0.01) decrease in needle length of needles in age classes I, II, and IV, respectively. The observed decreases in delta(13)C, and F(v)/F(m) of the needles in the youngest needle age class suggest subtle damage to photosynthesis, although overall growth reductions were probably a result of decreased total leaf surface rather than decreased photosynthetic capacity. Needles of age class IV had lower light- and CO(2)-saturated maximum photosynthetic rates (39%), lower dark respiration (34%), lower light saturation points (37%), lower foliar nitrogen concentration (28%), and lower delta(13)C (14%) values than needles of age class I. Apparent quantum yield and F(v)/F(m) did not change with needle age. The observed changes in photosynthesis and foliage chemical composition with needle age are consistent with previous studies of coniferous trees and may represent adaptations of older needles to shaded conditions within the canopy.
Investigation of electron beam effects on L shell Mo plasma produced by a compact LC generator using pattern recognition (2018)

In this paper, the effects of electron beam on the X pinch produced spectra of L-shell Mo plasma have been investigated by principal component analysis (PCA), and this analysis is compared with that of line ratio diagnostics. Spectral database for PCA extraction was arranged using the non-LTE collisional radiative L-shell Mo model. PC vector spectra of L shell Mo including F, Ne, Na and Mg- like transitions were studied to investigate the polarization types of these transitions. PC1 vector spectra of F, Ne, Na and Mg- like transitions resulted in linear polarization of Stokes Q profiles. Besides, PC2 vector spectra showed linear polarization of Stokes U profiles of 2p53s of Ne like transitions which were recognized as responsive to the magnetic field (Trabert et al., 2017). 3D representation of PCA coefficients demonstrated that addition of electron beam to the non-LTE model generates the quantized collective clusters which are translations of each other and follow V-shaped cascade trajectories except for the case f = 0.0. The extracted principal coefficients were used as a database for the Artifical Neural Network (ANN) to estimate the plasma electron temperature, density and beam fractions of time integrated spatially resolved L-shell Mo X-pinch plasma spectrum. PCA based ANN provides advantage in reducing the network topology with a more efficient Backpropagation supervised learning algorithm. The modeled plasma electron temperature is about Te~660 eV and density ne=1x1020 cm-3 in the presence of the fraction of the beams with f~0.1 and centered energy of 5 keV.
Basic Esters and Amides of 4-Quinolylmercaptoacetic Acid Derivatives (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBasic Esters and Amides of 4-Quinolylmercaptoacetic Acid DerivativesAlexander R. SurreyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1948, 70, 6, 2190–2193Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1948https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01186a059https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01186a059research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views126Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
MPO-ANCA Positive Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis in a Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis during Treatment with D-Penicillamine. (1999)

We present here a case of MPO-ANCA positive rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) after 34 months of D-penicillamine (D-PC) therapy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A 27-year-old Japanese woman was diagnosed as having RA in June 1994 at our out-patient clinic. Oral D-PC administration was initiated at a dose of 100 mg per day in January 1995. In August 1997, proteinuria, hematuria, renal insufficiency, and anemia developed. D-PC was withdrawn promptly, and prednisolone 5 mg per day was started. The patient was admitted to our hospital in September. On admission, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody against mycloperoxidase (MPO-ANCA) was strongly positive in the serum. Renal biopsy showed glomerulonephritis with cellular crescent formation in 60% of the glomeruli observed. Immunofluorescence examinations revealed deposits of granular IgG, IgA, C 1 q, and C 3 in the mesangium. The patient was treated with steroid pulse therapy along with administration of anti-coagulation and anti-platelet agents under the diagnosis of MPO-ANCA positive D-PC-induced RPGN. The renal function was gradually recovered and MPO-ANCA disappeared. Since RPGN is potentially a fatal disease, frequent monitoring of renal function and discontinuation of D-PC are required. In case MPO-ANCA becomes positive, prompt and correct diagnosis of the renal disorder could lead to a good prognosis as in this case. The present case may provide some important immunological insights into medical procedures to treat D-PC-induced RPGN and MPO-ANCA related glomerulonephritis.
P4‐261: The Effects of Neu‐P11 on memory performance in NaN3 induced posterior cingulate cortex hypometabolism (2011)

Posterior cingulate cortex hypometabolism is implicated in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and early stage Alzheimer's disease (AD). Neu-P11 is a novel melatonin-serotonin receptors agonist in development insomnia and neurodegenerative disorders. The memory performance sparing effects of Neu-P11were assessed in a rat model of posterior cingulate cortex hypometabolism. Memory performance was assessed by the step-down inhibitory avoidance task. Adult male rats (10 per group) were given a morning training session of the step-down inhibitory avoidance task. Latency to step-down, placing the four paws on a metal grid, was measured. Immediately upon stepping down, the animals received a 3.0-s, 0.4-mA foot shock. The test session was procedurally identical except that no foot shock was given. Rats received a microinjection of sodium azide (NaN3) into the posterior cingulate cortex 1-1.5 h after the training session and then two injections of either Neu-P11 (50mg/kg, IP) or vehicle at 2 h and 6 h after NaN3 microinjection. Non-treated rats were used as controls. Aretention test was carried out 24 h after training. Datawere compared using a one-way ANOVA. Microinjection of NaN3 produced a significant decrease of step-down latency in the step-down inhibitory avoidance task compared tonon-treated rats. NaN3- treated rats who received 2 injections of Neu-P11 presented a significant increase of step-down latency during the test session compared with those receiving vehicle (P < 0.05). Neu-P11 exerts a significant protective effect against memory performance decline following posterior cingulate cortex hypometabolism in rats. Further research on the potential use of Neu-P11 in amnesic MCI and prodromal AD is warranted.
Screening for Autism Spectrum Disorders in Extremely Preterm Infants (2012)

The use of 3 screens for ASD in EPs results in higher screen positive rates than use of 1 screen alone. Diagnostic confirmation is needed before true rates of ASD in EPs are known.