gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reductive degradation of dieldrim and endrin in the field using acidified zinc (1981)

The reductive dechlorination of dieldrin and endrin was investigated as a possible procedure for field disposal of small quantitites of these pesticides. The objective was to convert the parent compounds to environmentally less objectionable materials. Emulsifiable concentrate formulations of the pesticides in a soil slurry were mixed with powdered zinc, dilute acetic acid, and acetone to facilitate reaction. Analysis of the mixtures by GC-MS indicated essentially complete conversion of endrin and partial conversion of dieldrin to products probably formed by replacement of the bridge anti chlorines with hydrogen. Partial confirmation of the desired anti dechlorodieldrin product was made by nmr. Disappearance of the parent compounds and production of conversion products was monitored for 2 1/2 years by GC in an outside soil plot, and accelerated destruction of parent compounds was achieved by the treatment. By analogy to the bridge anti dechloro products of aldrin and isodrin, the anti dechloro products probably are much less toxic than the parent compounds and are therefore environmentally less objectionable.
The periods of origin and diversification of the Superfamilies of the Homoptera-Auchenorhyncha (Insecta) as determined by a study of the wings of Palaeozoic and Mesozoic fossils (1964)

Journal Article The periods of origin and diversification of the Superfamilies of the Homoptera-Auchenorhyncha (Insecta) as determined by a study of the wings of Palaeozoic and Mesozoic fossils Get access J. W. EVANS J. W. EVANS 1Australian Museum Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Proceedings Linnean Society London, Volume 175, Issue 2, July 1964, Pages 171–181, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1964.tb00929.x Published: 09 April 2009
SEM/EDX Characterization of the Hydration Products of Belite Cements from Class C Coal Fly Ash (2007)

This paper presents the microscopic characterization of two types of fly ash belite cements and their hydration products by means of scanning electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray microanalysis, and X‐ray diffraction analysis. The cements were obtained from ASTM class C coal fly ash by the hydrothermal–calcination route in water (FABC‐2‐W) and NaOH 1 M solution (FABC‐2‐N). The hydration was studied during a period of 180 days at 21°C and >95% RH. The results showed significant incorporation of aluminum (Al) into the C–S–H gel and other minor elements, with a presumable composition close to that of aluminum‐tobermorite. The C–S–H composition of the FABC‐2‐W is more stable over the hydration time than that of the FABC‐2‐N cement. Portlandite is scarcely formed during hydration.
Design and parameterization of M-band orthonormal wavelets (2003)

The authors generalize the parameterization of 2-band (or dyadic) wavelet to the M-band case. A complete characterization of M-band wavelets is given, including a recipe for constructing such wavelets. It is shown that M-band wavelets can be constructed from a perfect reconstruction filter bank with added regularity conditions. The regularity conditions are important both for the numerical stability of the resulting approximation procedures and for increased compactness of the signal representations with such wavelets.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Banking Human Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Clinical Use (2011)

A great deal of interest has arisen recently with respect to human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), due to their broad therapeutic potential. However, the safety and efficacy of MSCs expanded ex vivo for clinical applications remain a concern. In this article, we establish a standardized process for manufacture of human umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UC-MSCs), which encompasses donor screening and testing, recovery, two-stage expansion, and administration. The biological properties and safety of UC-MSCs were then characterized and tested. The safety data from use in human patients have also been reported. After clinical-scale expansion, a yield of 1.03-3.78 × 10(8) MSCs was achieved in 10 batch manufacturing runs. The biological properties, such as plastic adherence, morphology, specific surface antigen (CD105, CD73, CD90, positive ≥ 95%; CD45, CD34, CD31, CD11b, CD19, HLA-DR, negative ≤2%), and multipotent differentiation potential (osteogenesis and adipogenesis) were retained. Bacterial and mycoplasma tests were negative and endotoxin levels were lower than 2 EU/ml. No adverse events were noted in two patients treated with intravenously and/or intrathecally administered MSCs. The data obtained indicate that banking UC-MSCs for clinical use is feasible.
Equivalence between mixed finite element and multi-point finite volume methods (2004)

We consider the lowest-order Raviart–Thomas mixed finite element method for elliptic problems on simplicial meshes in two or three space dimensions. This method produces saddle-point type problems for scalar and flux unknowns. We show how to easily eliminate the flux unknowns, which implies an equivalence between this method and a particular multi-point finite volume scheme, without any approximate numerical integration. We describe the stencil of the final matrix and give sufficient conditions for its symmetry and positive definiteness. We present a numerical example illustrating the performance of the proposed method.
Plasma-enabled growth of ultralong straight, helical, and branched silica photonic nanowires (2008)

This article reports on the low-temperature inductively coupled plasma-enabled synthesis of ultralong (up to several millimeters in length) SiO2 nanowires, which were otherwise impossible to synthesize without the presence of a plasma. Depending on the process conditions, the nanowires feature straight, helical, or branched morphologies. The nanowires are amorphous, with a near-stoichiometric elemental composition ([O]/[Si]=2.09) and are very uniform throughout their length. The role of the ionized gas environment is discussed and the growth mechanism is proposed. These nanowires are particularly promising for nanophotonic applications where long-distance and channelled light transmission and polarization control are required.
Cryo-electron tomography: The challenge of doing structural biology in situ (2013)

Electron microscopy played a key role in establishing cell biology as a discipline, by producing fundamental insights into cellular organization and ultrastructure. Many seminal discoveries were made possible by the development of new sample preparation methods and imaging modalities. Recent technical advances include sample vitrification that faithfully preserves molecular structures, three-dimensional imaging by electron tomography, and improved image-processing methods. These new techniques have enabled the extraction of high fidelity structural information and are beginning to reveal the macromolecular organization of unperturbed cellular environments.
Power division multiplexing (2016)

At present, the non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) protocol has been considered as an emerging access technology for the near 5G networks. However, the related resource division multiplexing technique has not been well studied. Referring to the development of TDMA and FDMA, they are all based on the fundamental studies of time division multiplexing (TDM) and frequency division multiplexing (FDM), respectively. Accordingly, this paper proposes a new multiplexing technique, termed as power division multiplexing (PDM), to support the power division based MAC protocol which the NOMA belongs to. In PDM, we consider the transmit power is divided into multiple power segments (PSs) similar to the time-slots/sub-bands in TDM/FDM. The multiple PSs are used to concurrently deliver different informations in a same channel. By analysis, we prove that PDM outperforms TDM and FDM with regard to QoS requirement. Thus, the proposed PDM has potentials for the future cellular network.
Data Mining for Detecting Bitcoin Ponzi Schemes (2018)

Soon after its introduction in 2009, Bitcoin has been adopted by cyber-criminals, which rely on its pseudonymity to implement virtually untraceable scams. One of the typical scams that operate on Bitcoin are the so-called Ponzi schemes. These are fraudulent investments which repay users with the funds invested by new users that join the scheme, and implode when it is no longer possible to find new investments. Despite being illegal in many countries, Ponzi schemes are now proliferating on Bitcoin, and they keep alluring new victims, who are plundered of millions of dollars. We apply data mining techniques to detect Bitcoin addresses related to Ponzi schemes. Our starting point is a dataset of features of real-world Ponzi schemes, that we construct by analysing, on the Bitcoin blockchain, the transactions used to perform the scams. We use this dataset to experiment with various machine learning algorithms, and we assess their effectiveness through standard validation protocols and performance metrics. The best of the classifiers we have experimented can identify most of the Ponzi schemes in the dataset, with a low number of false positives.
Photonic band gap phenomenon and optical properties of artificial opals (1997)

We report on the photonic band gap phenomenon in the visible range in a three-dimensional dielectric lattice formed by close-packed spherical silica clusters. The spectral position and the spectral width of the optical stop band depend on the direction of light propagation with respect to the crystal axes of opal, and on the relative cluster-to-cavity refraction index n. Manifestations of the photonic pseudogap have been established for both transmission and emission spectra. The stop band peak wavelength shows a linear dependence on n. Transmission characteristics of the lattice have been successfully simulated by numerical calculations within the framework of a quasicrystalline approximation.
Possible augmentation of antidepressant response by buspirone. (1991)

In open trials, seven of eight antidepressant nonresponders reported partial or full antidepressant response after the addition of buspirone 10 mg t.i.d. An additional eight of nine patients who suffered winter relapses of depression while receiving previously effective antidepressant regimens showed remission of depressive symptoms after the addition of buspirone 10 mg t.i.d. Improvement after the addition of buspirone was maintained for at least 3 months, and side effects were minimal in most patients. These results suggest that low doses of buspirone may be useful in augmenting antidepressant response.
Transcriptomic analysis of ‘Suli’ pear (Pyrus pyrifolia white pear group) buds during the dormancy by RNA-Seq (2012)

The new transcriptomes offer comprehensive sequence and DGE profiling data for a dynamic view of transcriptomic variation during bud dormancy in pear. These data provided a basis for future studies of metabolism during bud dormancy in non-model but economically-important perennial species.
Pregnancy outcomes in unselected singleton pregnant women with an increased risk of first‐trimester Down's syndrome (2004)

Besides fetal chromosomal abnormalities and structural abnormalities, pregnancies with a positive screen for Down's syndrome in the first-trimester had a significantly higher incidence of subsequent adverse obstetric outcomes.
ASIA, NORTH AMERICA LEAD WAY IN GROWTH OF NGL, LPG TRADE (1998)

We have previously shown that the small molecule hPTHR1 agonist PCO371 (1) orally and dose-dependently induces PTH-like calcemic and hypophostemic activity in thyroparathyroidectomized rats. Compound 2a, bearing a bicyclic aromatic ring, was identified as a novel hPTHR1 agonist during hit to lead modification. It showed moderate PTHR1 agonistic activity with an EC<sub>20</sub> value of 15 μM, and its metabolic stability in human liver microsome (hLM) as well as its solubility in phosphate buffer (PPb) and Fasted state simulated intestinal fluid (FaSSIF) were found to be poor. As results of the initial derivatization of 2a, we identified the indole derivatives as another scaffold. In this article, we report on the structure-activity relationship (SAR), structure-metabolism relationship (SMR), and structure-solubility relationship (SSR) of bicyclic aromatic derivatives, and the in vivo efficacy of 2j.
Analysis of drug resistance of E.coli from community infection and hospital infection (2013)

Objective To study the drug resistance of E.coli from community infection and hospital infection,in order to provide the basis for clinical rational drug use.Methods The drug susceptibility test were analyzed by VITEK-2 GN and AST-GN13 cards.The data were analyzed by SPSS 13.0.Results The rate of ESBLs(+) strains isolated from community infection and hospital infection was 51.0% and 68.2% respectively.The ESBLs(+) rate of E.coli isolated from community infection was significantly lower than that from hospital infection(P = 0.029).The 933 strains of E.coli strains showed the lowest drug resistance rates to Piperacillin/Tazobactam,carbapenems and cephalosporins,which showed the highest drug resistance rates to penicillins,cephalosporins and sulfa antibiotics.Conclusion Children have the higher incidence in community infection,while the elderly have the higher incidence in hospital infection.The E.coli from hospital infection showed higher resistance rate to common antibiotics than community infection strains.Using an tibiotics rationally,improving hand hygiene compliance and lessing invasive process are effective methods to reduce the drug-resistant strains.
Cálculo del impacto económico para Chile del uso de losartán en diabéticos tipo 2 con nefropatía diabética, basado en resultados del estudio RENAAL (2009)

Background: The study RENAAL (Reduction of Endpoints in NIDDM with the Angiotensin II Antagonist Losartan) demonstrated that Losartan was more effective to reduce the progression of kidney disease in diabetic patients with proteinuria and a reduction in glomerular filtration rate. Aim: To perform a cost benefit analysis of Losartan use from provider and payer points of view. Material and methods: Published data of the RENAAL study was analyzed. The costs of the use or not use of Losartan in patients with diabetic nephropathy were compared in terms of total costs of the disease including medications, hospital admissions for myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accidents and congestive cardiac failure and the costs of chronic hemodialysis. Results: The reduction in antihypertensive medication use, hospital admissions, and the delay in dialysis requirement from a mean of 65 to 79 months induced by Losartan use, results in net savings of $7,576,135 per patient, at 3.5 years of intervention. The figure does not change using different sensitivity scenarios. Conclusions: The eventual use of Losartan in type 2 diabetic patients results in important savings (Rev Md Chile 2009; 137: 634-40).
Reconciliation after recognition? Indigenous-settler relations in Australia (2017)

Since 2010 the political agenda on addressing Indigenous-settler relations in Australia has been dominated by the debate on constitutional recognition. On many levels this debate has been unsatisfactory but in this paper we focus on three particular issues that we argue should be the focus of continuing analysis of indegenous-settler relations regardless of the outcome of the constitutional recognition process. First, we contend that efforts to reconcile Australia need to recognize the conflictual nature of Indigenous-settler relations and that, as many conflicts, this requires management rather than resolution. Second, we suggest that this debate needs to pay greater attention to ongoing conflictual relations rather than a mere accounting for the wrongdoing of the past. Third, we unpack the constitutional recognition debates to demonstrate that—regardless of the core issue of Indigenous-settler relations—the ongoing process of reconciliation needs to address the conflicts within non-indigenous people over the appropriate course of action. Therefore, rather than solely relying on indigenous peoples to drive the process (and bear responsibility if it fails), there needs to be a future-oriented engagement involving non-indigenous people across their political divisions if the aspiration towards an ongoing process of reconciliation is to be achievable. Until the internal conflicts within non-indigenous people are identified and ventilated, Australia falls a long way short of being in a position to address and managed internally the conflict between indigenous peoples and the state.
A review of LNA topologies for wireless applications (2014)

This paper presents the reviews of few previous works for low noise amplifier design (LNA). This paper will explore several recent architectures of LNA but focused on four techniques of topologies which are forward body bias, self-biased inverter, common source cascade and cascode technique. Those architectures are able to minimize power consumed in a typical CMOS for wireless sensor network (WSN). Besides, high gain, low noise, input and output matching are also reviewed. As to provide extremely low power and also optimized all characteristics aspects, the performance for each topologies then are discussed. Further research will be conducted based on these four topologies comparisons in order to design a new successful LNA.
<i>In vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> comparison of platelets stored in either synthetic media or plasma (2003)

Since 1980, several synthetic media have been developed for the storage of platelets for transfusion. At present, platelets suspended in approximately 70% synthetic medium and 30% plasma can be stored for at least 5 days at very stable pH levels, generally pH 6.8-7.2. Present knowledge suggests that synthetic media should contain at least acetate, citrate, phosphate, potassium and magnesium. Future studies will probably result in the inclusion of other components to this list. Glucose for platelet metabolism will generally be supplied by carryover of plasma from the original platelet preparation. In addition, improved plastic containers for the storage of platelets will probably facilitate the introduction of new synthetic media. In six studies comparing synthetic media with plasma as the storage environment, and involving patients with intensive chemotherapy for haematological malignancies, the clinical outcome in terms of corrected count increments (CCI) generally indicated similar results. Three studies suggested significant reduction of the incidence of transfusion reactions of platelets suspended in synthetic media as compared with plasma. For future comparisons of platelet storage in either plasma or new synthetic media, additional platelet survival and recovery studies, as well as patient-transfusion studies, will be needed as in vitro data may not always reflect the clinical outcome. This will add further knowledge to data from the present few clinical studies available that compare storage of platelets in either synthetic media or plasma.
Structure of (1→3)(1→4)‐β‐<scp>d</scp>‐Glucan in Waxy and Nonwaxy Barley (2003)

ABSTRACT The endosperm cell walls of barley are composed largely of a (1→3)(1→4)‐β‐ d ‐glucan commonly known simply as β‐ d ‐glucan (Wood 2001). There has been much research into the characteristics of barley β‐glucan because of the influence of this polysaccharide on performance of barley in malting and subsequent brewing of beer, and in feed value, especially for young chicks (MacGregor and Fincher 1993). The potential for β‐glucan to develop high viscosity is a problem in these uses, but from the perspective of human nutrition, this characteristic may be an advantage. The glycemic response to oat β‐glucan is inversely related to (log)viscosity (Wood et al 1994a) and there is evidence to suggest that the lowering of serum cholesterol levels associated with oat and barley products (Lupton et al 1994; Wood and Beer 1998) is at least in part due to the β‐glucan (Braaten et al 1994) and probably also its capacity to develop viscosity in the gastrointestinal tract (Haskell et al 1992).
European Research Activities in Cloud Computing (2012)

What s new in the European research and development area? Cloud computing is a provision model where whatever computing resource that can be thought of (machines, network, software solutions, applications) is provided as a service. This new paradigm has changed the center of gravity of computing in both the academic and industry environments, but despite the considerable efforts and investments, there are critical problems that are not yet solved. The research and development community involved in distributed computing is searching for viable solutions that will increase the adoption of the cloud. This is the case of the collaborative work done by multi-national teams in the context of the FP7 programme of the European Commission. Students, researchers and developers working in the field of distributed computing will find in this book a snapshot of the on-going activities in research and development of cloud computing undertaken at the European level. These activities are organized by the latest hot topics of cloud computing research, which include services, management, automation and adoption. Summarizing, this book will help the reader understand and identify the research and development winds that are pushing the clouds to Europe.
Structure and Physical Properties of Hardened Portland Cement Paste (1958)

Methods of studying the submicroscopic structure of Portland cement paste are described, and deductions about structure are presented. The main component, cement gel, is deposited in water‐filled space within the visible boundaries of a body of paste. Space filled with gel contains gel pores; space not filled by gel or other solid material is capillary space. Hygroscopicity of cement gel, and capillary pores, accounts for various aspects of the properties and behavior of concrete. Data on gel and paste structure are used in discussing strength, permeability, volume stability, and action of frost.
More is Less: A More Complicated Network with Less Inference Complexity (2017)

In this paper, we present a novel and general network structure towards accelerating the inference process of convolutional neural networks, which is more complicated in network structure yet with less inference complexity. The core idea is to equip each original convolutional layer with another low-cost collaborative layer (LCCL), and the element-wise multiplication of the ReLU outputs of these two parallel layers produces the layer-wise output. The combined layer is potentially more discriminative than the original convolutional layer, and its inference is faster for two reasons: 1) the zero cells of the LCCL feature maps will remain zero after element-wise multiplication, and thus it is safe to skip the calculation of the corresponding high-cost convolution in the original convolutional layer; 2) LCCL is very fast if it is implemented as a 1 × 1 convolution or only a single filter shared by all channels. Extensive experiments on the CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100 and ILSCRC-2012 benchmarks show that our proposed network structure can accelerate the inference process by 32% on average with negligible performance drop.
Galacturonsäurederivate. I. Galacturonate aus Acetyl‐ und Isopropyliden‐D‐galactopyranosen (1990)

Galacturonic Acid Derivatives. I. Galacturonates from Acetyl‐ and Isopropylidene‐D‐galactopyranoses Galacturonic acid derivatives to be employed as glycosyl donors in saccharide synthesis are prepared from galacturonic acid itself or from galactose. Various syntheses of 1,2,3,4‐tetra‐O‐acetyl‐D‐galactopyranuronic acids ( 6 ) with differently protected carboxyl group and attempts of their conversion into galacturonpyranosyl bromides are described. The starting materials were 1,2;3,4‐di‐O‐isopropylidene‐α‐D‐galactopyranose and acetylated galactopyranose derivatives, respectively.