gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Grafted-sulfonated Bamboo Pulping Liquor:Preparation and Property (2009)

The graft-sulfonated bamboo pulping liquor was prepared.The effect of sodium sulfite,formaldehyde and polycondensation time on the performance and yield of sulfonated product was studied.The product GCL1-J was prepared in the optimal conditions of m(S)∶m(L)∶m(F)=0.56∶1.00∶0.50,sulfonation reaction time of 1 h and polycondensation reaction time of 3 h.The structure and performance of GCL1-J were tested.IR spectrum showed that many sulfonic acid groups and ketone carbonyl groups are grafted into lignin of bamboo pulping liquor,which improves static dispersity of the product.GCL1-J has a retardation effect and water retention property.When w(GCL1-J) = 0.6%,water reducing rate of mortar is 24.4%,which is 7% higher than that of FDN.The rupture strengths and compressive strengths of mortar of 3 d,7 d and 28 d are higer than that of FDN respectively,indicating that over-all performance of GCL1-J reaches the standard of FDN and its ratio of performance to cost is higher than FDN.
Combination of Multispectral and 3D Imaging Sensors for the Detection of Skin Cancer (2017)

This study proposes the combination of multispectral and 3D imaging sensors to improve the detection of skin cancer. [...]
Targeting Tools for the Purchase of Environmental Amenities (1997)

Use of suboptimal targeting tools to acquire environmental benefits is more the norm than the exception. We analyze how the joint spatial distribution of costs and environmental benefits affect efficiency losses from following targeting rules based on cost or benefits, rather than based on the benefit to cost ratio. Using analytical and numerical models, we demonstrate that the relative variability of costs and benefits and the correlation between the two are primary determinants of efficiency losses. We apply our framework to renewal of Conservation Reserve Program contracts and estimate how well alternative targeting tools obtain environmental benefits under reduced budgets. (JEL Q21)
Data collection for evaluating automatic filtering of hazardous WWW information (2003)

We describe our data collection constructed for the evaluation of automatic filtering of hazardous WWW information. Currently, there are three types of filtering systems: self rating, individual rating and automatic filtering. We propose an ideal system architecture for effective filtering based on the analysis of existing systems. For the development of our filtering system, we have collected a massive amount of hazardous WWW data. We presumed that WWW pages with few words are difficult to filter automatically, but analysis on our data collection has proved that effective automatic filtering can be achieved by applying the hierarchy of HTML data. We have also practically proved this hypothesis by evaluation experiments using an experimental automatic filtering algorithm.
Thermal resistance of snap-in type aluminum electrolytic capacitor attached to heat sink (2012)

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are standard components in power electronic equipment. Their performance and lifetime strongly depends on their operation temperature. Hence, controlling their temperature is essential for reliable operation of the equipment. For standard snap-in type capacitors, which are common in low power converters (~20 kW), direct air cooling is the standard solution. This paper presents ways to improve the cooling performance by attaching the capacitor to a heat sink. Two different configurations are investigated: Heat removal through the base of the capacitor and heat removal through its sidewalls. When applied with an aluminum heat sink in natural convection, both methods provide significantly reduced thermal resistances, approximately 66% lower compared to direct air cooling by natural convection.
Preparation of a Highly Purified Phenylalanine Transfer Ribonucleic Acid (1966)

A large sample of highly purified phenylalanine transfer ribonucleic acid from Escherichia coli B was prepared by reversed phase chromatography followed by gel filtration to remove ribonucleic acid contaminants of higher molecular weight.The phenylalanine acceptance and terminal adenosine content of this sample were identical, indicating that the sample was all active phenylalanine transfer ribonucleic acid.An independent measurement of purity obtained on a weight basis gave a minimum value of 83 %.Preliminary data indicate that the phenylalanine transfer ribonucleic acid molecular weight is approximately 26,000.In a previous report (1), a reversed phase chromatographic method for the general separation of transfer ribonucleic acids from each other and the preparation of a partially purified sample of tRNAPh e was reported.'This paper describes the preparation of a sample of highly purified tRNAPhe from Escherichia coli B. The tRNAPhe was obtained by reversed phase chromatography followed by the removal of higher molecular weight contaminants by gel filtration.Purity of the sample was established by the equivalence of 1 4 C-phenylalanyl-tRNA formation and terminal adenosine content.The procedure described is readily capable of being scaled up to yield large quantities of tRNAP he , since all the steps are achieved on chromatographic columns. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDUREMaterials-Soluble RNA from E. coli B was obtained from General Biochemicals.Twenty grams from Lot 651068 were used in the large scale experiments.Aliquat 204 (dimethyldilaurylammonium chloride) was obtained from General Mills.Chromosorb W was obtained from Johns 'Manville.Bio-Gel P-2, P-100, and P-150 were obtained from Bio-Rad.Preparation of Aminoacyl-RNA Synthetases-The crude synthetase mixture was prepared from E. coli B as previously de-* This research was sponsored by the
Hierarchically Structured Materials by Anodic Coagulation Casting of Fibrinogenic Alumina Suspensions (2013)

Anodic coagulation casting of fibrinogenic ceramic suspensions is a novel processing technology, which is based on the electrically induced transformation of the water soluble fibrinogen into the insoluble fibrin. Contrary to the direct coagulation casting ( DCC ) technology, green formation does not depend on a pH‐shift and as the fibrin coagulate forms on an anode, it can be combined with the electrophoretic deposition ( EPD ) technology. In this study, the conversion of fibrinogen into fibrin is activated via electron transfer processes at an electrode material and is combined with the green formation of alumina by embedding the ceramic particles in the protein matrix. The focus of this work was to establish a technology to shape thin hierarchically structured ceramic films and thick porous materials with a distinct pore structure. Film thickness and porosity were controlled by the applied voltage and the processing‐time. The range of the established green bodies included two‐dimensional and simple three‐dimensional shapes including multilayered deposition and fiber coatings. Overall the process of anodic coagulation casting can be reported to be successful for all established ceramic shapes except multilayers, where delamination was observed. The deposited alumina ceramics were characterized using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy ( SEM ), atomic force microscopy ( AFM ), and synchrotron micro computed tomography ( μCT ), while the coagulation mechanism was studied using high‐performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC ).
Key outcomes from life cycle assessment of vehicles, a state of the art literature review (2013)

In this paper, an overview of the main findings in vehicle LCA is performed. This overview covers both methodological issues and results. The main challenges in terms of modelling the vehicle production, the vehicle use phase and the End-of-Life are addressed. For each of these vehicle life cycle phases, the main modelling approaches and data existing in the literature are studied. Finally, a comparison of vehicle LCA results from different sources is performed and the main result trends for different pollutants and/or impact categories are addressed. The paper points opportunities to improve the quality of vehicle-LCA studies.
Significance of Microstructural Control for Superplastic Deformation and Forming (1996)

High tensile ductility may be achieved in metallic alloys over a limited range of strain rates at elevated temperatures when the grain size is very small (typically less than ∼10μm). These superplastic materials are often suitable for industrial forming operations. This paper considers the possibility of attaining a superplastic forming capability at temperatures and/or faster strain rates by a reduction of the grain size into the submicrometer range. Procedures are available for the fabrication of ultrafine-grained materials by imposing a very high plastic strain. These procedures are examined with reference to results obtained using Al–Mg solid solution alloys.
Subcellular Structures and Function of Myocytes Impaired During Heart Failure Are Restored by Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (2012)

DHF is associated with regional remodeling of the t-system. Myocytes undergo substantial structural and functional restoration after only 3 weeks of CRT. The finding suggests that t-system status can provide an early marker of the success of this therapy. The results could also guide us to an understanding of the loss and remodeling of proteins associated with the t-system. The steep relationship between free Ca(2+) and contraction suggests that some restoration of Ca(2+) release units will have a disproportionately large effect on contractility.
Acceptability, Accuracy, and Safety of Disposable Transnasal Capsule Endoscopy for Barrett's Esophagus Screening (2018)

In a prospective study, we found the EG Scan to be safe and to detect BE with higher than 90% sensitivity and specificity. A higher proportion of patients preferred the EG Scan to C-EGD. This device might be used as a clinic-based tool to screen populations at risk for BE. ISRCTN registry identifier: 70595405; ClinicalTrials.gov no: NCT02066233.
Connected Commercial Vehicles—Integrated Truck Project Driver Clinics, Performance Tests, and Lessons Learned (2014)

Connected vehicle wireless data communications can enable safety applications that may reduce crashes, injuries, and fatalities suffered on our roads and highways, as well as enabling reductions in traffic congestion and effects on the environment. As a critical part of achieving these goals, the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT) contracted with a Team led by Battelle to integrate and validate connected vehicle on-board equipment (OBE) and safety applications on selected Class 8 commercial vehicles and to support those vehicles in research and testing activities that provide information and data needed to assess their safety benefits and support regulatory decision processes. This final report summarizes all of the activities and accomplishments of this project. Hardware and software were developed to adapt safety applications to commercial vehicles. Stages of testing included benchtop, test track, driver acceptance clinics, and support for the Safety Pilot Model Deployment. Outreach consisted of a demonstration at a trade show, presentations at meetings, and other activities.
Recommendations for the use of rituximab (anti‐CD20 antibody) in the treatment of autoimmune bullous skin diseases<sup>§</sup> (2008)

Autoimmune bullous skin disorders are induced by autoantibodies against distinct adhesion complexes of the epidermal and dermal-epidermal junction. Since most of these disorders are characterized by a severe, potentially lethal course,they require long-term immunosuppressive treatment to reduce the de novo synthesis of pathogenic autoantibodies by B lymphocytes. Rituximab, a chimeric monoclonal antibody against CD20 on B lymphocytes, has shown promise in several case reports or cohort studies in the treatment of paraneo-plastic pemphigus,refractory cases of pemphigus vulgaris and foliaceus and in other autoimmune bullous disorders. Treatment with rituximab leads to depletion of pathogenic B-cells which may last up to 12 months resulting in a reduction of plasma cells secreting pathogenic autoantibodies. Rituximab is usually administered in an adjuvant setting at a dose of 375 mg/m(2) i.v.in weekly intervals for four consecutive weeks in addition to the standard immunosuppressive treatment. The present consensus statement of German-speaking dermatologists, rheumatologists and oncologists summarizes and evaluates the current evidence for the use and mode of application of rituximab in autoimmune bullous skin disorders.
Análisis de métodos de fijación para las fracturas verticales por cizallamiento del maléolo medial (2006)

Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma: November 2006 - Volume 20 - Issue 10 - p 747 doi: 10.1097/01.bot.0000253103.89965.e6
방향유의 주요 성분인 옥사이드 물질(caryophyllene oxide, eucalyptol, linalool oxide)의 흡입이 인간의 감성과 뇌파에 미치는 영향 (2017)

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of oxides (caryophyllene oxide, eucalyptol and linalool oxide), one of the major ingredients of essential oils, on odor intensity, electroencephalography (EEG) response and emotional response. The subjects were women in their twenties. Inhalation concentrations of oxides were varied from 0.01 to 10%, and EEGs were collected by Quantitative EEG. The odor intensity and average preference index (API) of the oxides were ranked in the order of eucalyptol > linalool oxide > caryophyllene oxide. Eucalyptol is a refreshing and pleasant substance that activates the brain (activation of β and γ waves and spectral edge frequencies (SEF50 and SEF90)). Linalool oxide has a calm and soft substance (activation of θ, inactivation of α, β, and γ waves) at a low concentration (<0.1%), and a fresh smell at high concentration (inactivation β and activation of θ and γ). Caryophyllene oxides were evaluated as a substance that is comfortable, soft, calm and sedating, which deactivates the brain (activation of α, inactivation of β and γ). Oxide materials showed a positive correlation between the odor intensity and the SEFs. Each of the oxides showed unique characteristics in the areas of odor intensity, emotional response, API, and EEG. These results give us a better understanding of the properties of the pure materials that make up a fragrance, and provide useful information for the manufacture of fragrance products or aroma oil blends with enhanced specific functions.
Starling pressures in the human arm and their alteration in postmastectomy oedema. (1994)

1. Surgery and radiotherapy to axillary lymph nodes during breast cancer treatment is often followed, commonly years later, by chronic postmastectomy oedema (PMO). PMO is considered a 'high protein' oedema due to reduced axillary lymph drainage. Since oedema formation also depends on fluid input (capillary filtration), we studied the Starling pressures in the affected and contralateral arm. Colloid osmotic pressure was measured in patient serum (pi p) and interstitial fluid (pi i). Subcutis fluid was collected from PMO arms by both wick and aspiration methods, and from the control arm by the wick method only. Interstitial hydraulic pressure (P(i)) was measured by the wick-in-needle method. 2. Oedema pi i was 19.2 +/- 4.1 cmH2O (n = 13, wick) to 16.3 +/- 4.4 cmH2O (n = 41, aspirate; difference not significant; mean +/- S.D. throughout). This was significantly lower than pi i in the control arm (21.4 +/- 3.8 cmH2O, n = 14, P < 0.01, analysis of variance). Also, there was a negative correlation between oedema pi i and the percentage increase in arm volume (correlation coefficient r = -0.35, P < 0.05) in contrast to conventional expectation. 3. Oedema P(i) (1.9 +/- 2.0 cmH2O, n = 28) exceeded the subatmospheric control P(i) (-2.8 +/- 3.0 cmH2O; P < 0.01). Venous and arterial pressures were normal but pi p was subnormal (31.1 +/- 2.7 cmH2O, n = 47). 4. Net pressure opposing capillary blood pressure, P(o), was calculated as P(i) + sigma (pi p-pi i) for a reflection coefficient, sigma, of 0.90-0.99.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
An introduction to semiconductor lightning current duration extender (2002)

A novel lightning protective device based on the principle of lightning current duration extension and current limitation is introduced in the paper. The design idea of this new device is explained accompanied with the enlightenment of natural phenomena. The experiment results including laboratory tests, rocket triggered tests and field measurements are also given.
Seed Germination of Rhododendron catawbiense and Rhododendron maximum: Influence of Light and Temperature (1991)

Abstract Seeds of Rhododendron catawbiense Michx. and Rhododendron maximum L. were germinated at 25°C (77°F) and 25°/15°C (77°/59°F) with daily photoperiods of 0, 1/2, 1/2 twice daily, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, or 24 hr. After 30 days at 25°C (77°F), germination of R. catawbiense in darkness was 5% but increased to 64% at 25°/15°C (77°/59°F). At both temperatures, gernlination >95% was attained by day 15 for photoperiods of 1/2 to 12 hr. Regardless of temperature, seeds of R. maximum required light for germination. At 25°C (77°F), increasing photoperiods increased germination with 79 and 81% germination occurring by day 21 for the 12- and 24-hr photoperiods, respectively. The alternating temperature of 25°/15°C (77°/59°F) enhanced germination when light was limiting. At this temperature, germination of 92 to 97% was reached by day 21 for photoperiods ≥4 hr.
CO oxidation of Bi<sub>2</sub>MoO<sub>6</sub>catalysts (1993)

The aim of this study is to characterize the structure and catalytic properties of Bi2MoO6 compounds, for CO oxidation. These catalysts were prepared by solid state methods with an intended atomic ratio Bi/Mo=2. X-ray diffraction shows the presence of a Koechlinite phase in the samples calcined at low temperature, and a gamma phase (Watanabe) in the samples calcined at high temperature. However, all samples appeared to be bismuth deficient (compared to the stoichiometric ratio of two), as indicated by Auger analysis. The catalytic activity shows a CO2 yield better than 40% for these catalysts.
THE USE OF SCRAP TIRES FOR SCOUR PROTECTION (2001)

The purpose of the study was to demonstrate that the Tire Scour Prevention System was effective at reducing scour around piers and abutments in both clear water and mobile bed conditions. Small scale testing was conducted initially to demonstrate the system effectiveness and then large scale tests were conducted that there were no scale effects. In addition to performance testing, the system was tested beyond design failure to the maximum flow conditions of the facility to identify if there were any catastrophic failure modes. Analysis and test results show that the tire scour prevention system is not only very effective at preventive scour, but it is also very cost effective.
Revision of North American spiders of the family Lycosidae (1908)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Feature-based automatic 3D registration for cultural heritage applications (2013)

This paper presents a review of the state-of-the-art techniques in the field of 3D invariant features for the automatic registration of point clouds and 3D meshes. The paper proposes also a multi-stage 3D registration pipeline implemented using the PCL libraries. Experiments are carried out on datasets related to heritage scenarios and addressing large-scale outdoor data acquisitions as well as small objects.
Spatio-temporal signal processing for multisubject functional MRI studies (2002)

We consider signal estimation for functional MRI studies on multiple subjects. There are two major issues; alignment or registration of images across subjects, and using the multisubject information to capture covariance information; we discuss only the latter. Capturing this covariance information properly can lead to great improvements in statistical efficiency beyond what simple averaging can offer as well as compact description of group features.
A Framework for Airfare Price Prediction: A Machine Learning Approach (2019)

The price of an airline ticket is affected by a number of factors, such as flight distance, purchasing time, fuel price, etc. Each carrier has its own proprietary rules and algorithms to set the price accordingly. Recent advance in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) makes it possible to infer such rules and model the price variation. This paper proposes a novel application based on two public data sources in the domain of air transportation: the Airline Origin and Destination Survey (DB1B) and the Air Carrier Statistics database (T-100). The proposed framework combines the two databases, together with macroeconomic data, and uses machine learning algorithms to model the quarterly average ticket price based on different origin and destination pairs, as known as the market segment. The framework achieves a high prediction accuracy with 0.869 adjusted R squared score on the testing dataset.
Modeling Stroma-Induced Drug Resistance in a Tissue-Engineered Tumor Model of Ewing Sarcoma (2016)

Three-dimensional (3D) tumor models are gaining traction in the research community given their capacity to mimic aspects of the tumor microenvironment absent in monolayer systems. In particular, the ability to spatiotemporally control cell placement within ex vivo 3D systems has enabled the study of tumor-stroma interactions. Furthermore, by regulating biomechanical stimuli, one can reveal how biophysical cues affect stromal cell phenotype and how their phenotype impacts tumor drug sensitivity. Both tumor architecture and shear force have profound effects on Ewing sarcoma (ES) cell behavior and are known to elicit ligand-mediated activation of the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), thereby mediating resistance of ES cells to IGF-1R inhibitors. Here, we demonstrate that these same biophysical cues-modeled by coculturing ES cells and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in 3D scaffolds within a flow perfusion bioreactor-activate interleukin-6 and transcription factor Stat3. Critically, an active Stat3 pathway drastically alters the equilibrium of IGF-1R-targeted ligands (IGF-1) and antagonists (IGFBP-3) secreted by MSCs. To elucidate how this might promote ES tumor growth under physiological shear-stress conditions, ES cells and MSCs were co-cultured by using a flow perfusion bioreactor at varying ratios that simulate a wide range of native MSC abundance. Our results indicate that ES cells and MSCs stimulate each other's growth. Co-targeting IGF-1R and Stat3 enhanced antineoplastic activity over monotherapy treatment. Although this discovery requires prospective clinical validation in patients, it reveals the power of employing a more physiological tissue-engineered 3D tumor model to elucidate how tumor cells co-opt stromal cells to acquire drug resistance.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidation of Benzylic Derivatives with Dioxygen Catalyzed by Mixed Addenda Metallophosphate Containing Vanadium and Molybdenum. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
New Polyamide Liquid Phases for Gas Chromatography (1970)

Several special polyamide-type polymers were prepared and evaluated as liquid phases for GC. These polymers, which differ from commercially available materials, have desirable physical and chemical properties. They have low melting points and good thermal stability. Hydrocarbons and “polar” organic compounds are quite soluble in these liquid phases. Further, because of their structure and properties, they have the ability to coat siliceous supports or metal capillary tubing, with a uniform thin film. Our tests indicate that packed or capillary columns, prepared with these new phases, provide very good separation of heavy petroleum fractions. The same columns are useful for the separation of derivatives of amino acids, fatty acids, steroids and sugars.