gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Complexation of a 1-Indanone Thiosemicarbazone with Hydroxypropyl-<I>β</I>-Cyclodextrin Enhances Its Activity Against a Hepatitis C Virus Surrogate Model (2014)

The current standard of care of the infection by hepatitis C virus (HCV) is effective in a limited number of patients and the high cost hinders therapy affordability and compliance. In this context, the research of new direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) for a more effective and long-lasting therapy is an urgent need and an area of active investigation. In an effort to develop novel DAAs, a series of 1-indanone thiosemicarbazones (TSCs) was synthesized and fully characterized. However, the high self-aggregation tendency and extremely poor aqueous solubility of these antiviral candidates often preclude their reliable biological evaluation in vitro. To maintain constant TSC concentrations over the biological assays, different TSC/cyclodextrin complexes were produced. In the present work, we report for the first time the cytotoxicity and antiviral activity of 5,6-dimethoxy TSC inclusion complexes with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin on bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) as HCV surrogate model. Results showed a potent suppression of the virus replication, with greater activity for the inclusion complexes than the free compound.
Vector quantization of color digital images within a human visual model (2003)

A method of vector quantization which uses a color model of the human visual system to improve the quality of encoded images is presented. In this method, the images are first transformed into a 'perceptual space' and then encoded. After reconstruction, the image is transformed back into an intensity representation for viewing. A comparison is made between images encoded at 1.125 bits per pixel with and without the visual model using both an SNR measure and visual observation. Experimental results indicate that there is a significant improvement in the perceived quality of the images encoded in the visual model, although the measured distortion between the images is slightly better for the intensity encoded images.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Efficient Random Vibration Analysis Using Markov Chain Monte Carlo Simulation (2012)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Reliability assessment of dynamic systems with low failure probability can be very expensive. This paper presents and demonstrates a method that uses the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm to sample from an optimal probability density function (PDF) of the random variables. This function is the true PDF truncated over the failure region. For a system subjected to time varying excitation, Shinozuka's method is employed to generate time histories of the excitation. Random values of the frequencies and the phase angles of the excitation are drawn from the optimal PDF. It is shown that running the subset simulation by the proposed approach, which uses Shinozuka's method, is more efficient than the original subset simulation. The main reasons are that the approach involves only 10 to 20 random variables, and it takes advantage of the symmetry of the expression of the displacement as a function of the inputs. The paper demonstrates the method on two examples.</div></div>
<title>Luminescence lifetime imaging system using imaging fibers to measure the 2D distribution of O2 in biological samples</title> (1999)

A new sensor head and imaging application with planar oxygen optodes is presented. It combines the versatility of the recently presented modular luminescence lifetime imaging system (MOLLI) and the oxygen measuring features of planar optodes to investigate the 2D-distribution of oxygen with a high spatial resolution. The marine sediments are settled by micro-organisms. They are characterized by steep gradients of solutes perpendicular to the interface. Oxygen as the most favorable electron acceptor plays an important role in these communities and exhibits steep gradients within distances of 100 micrometer to a couple of millimeters. Traditionally these gradients are commonly accessed by either oxygen microelectrodes or oxygen micro-optodes, that measure single oxygen depth profiles at spatial resolutions in the range of 50 - 5 micrometer. As the influences on the metabolism of these organisms are complex, profiles that are measured at one location exhibit a natural heterogeneity. To address this problem by using the potential of planar oxygen optodes first measurements with optodes fixed to an aquarium wall (Glud et al. 1996) based on luminescence intensity measurements have been published. They showed the large amount of information that can be gathered by this method. We further developed this approach by combining the planar optode with the capabilities of imaging fibers that form an endoscope. We developed a periscope type sensor head that can be independently applied in biological samples. It has an overall diameter of 2.5 mm and a calculated pixel resolution of 12 micrometer. The according measuring system compared to the published system has a different excitation light setup and corresponding endoscope optics to measure the lifetime based images. We present the adapted system, sensor head and the first results of an application.
THE STEREOCHEMISTRY OF RESERPINE (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE STEREOCHEMISTRY OF RESERPINEPatrick A. Diassi, Frank L. Weisenborn, Christiane M. Dylion, and Oskar WintersteinerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 7, 2028–2029Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1955https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01612a106RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views110Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (258 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Infrared Spectra of Perfluorocarbon Derivatives of Sulfur Hexafluoride and Cyclic Nitrides (1957)

The infrared spectra of 8 new fluoro-organic compounds are presented in the region from 2 to 15 microns Included are the spectra of cyclic nitrides and derivatives of sulfur hexafluoride Characteristic details of the spectra are discussed.
Selection Criteria for Uuv Sonar Systems (2005)

Comparison of sonars for potential UUV applications presents unique problems for users without extensive acoustic backgrounds. This paper presents a methodology for sonar selection tradeoff studies as well as evaluation of performance capabilities of several available units. Included are side-scan, forward scan and down-looking sonars, both single- and multi-beam. We explore the meanings and implications of holiday zones, spatial sampling restrictions, vehicle motion, reverberation, side lobes, transmission loss, target specularity, noise figure, bandwidth, display dynamic range, adaptive gain control, image registration and slant range correction, and their effects on sonar performance. A number of user-oriented concepts and quantitative measures of goodness are introduced and described, including area coverage rate, information density, and a novel figure of merit that combines both of these in a single number. Tabularized data for several commercial sonars are presented, including a new, high performance side-looking unit recently developed by Sonatech, Inc.
Aging framework for low and normal strength concretes (2017)

The safe and sustainable design of infrastructure is an important task in today’s society. Therefore, it is crucial to know and capture influences on the long term behavior and performance of the used material. For long times as well as at the early age the aging behavior of concrete plays a major role. The aging of normal strength concrete is numerically investigated in this paper, based on an extensive experimental data set obtained for different concrete mixes.
Cyclic GMP Kinase and RhoA Ser188 Phosphorylation Integrate Pro- and Antifibrotic Signals in Blood Vessels (2009)

Vascular fibrosis is a major complication of hypertension and atherosclerosis, yet it is largely untreatable. Natriuretic peptides (NPs) repress fibrogenic activation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), but the intracellular mechanism mediating this effect remains undetermined. Here we show that inhibition of RhoA through phosphorylation at Ser188, the site targeted by the NP effector cyclic GMP (cGMP)-dependent protein kinase I (cGK I), is critical to fully exert antifibrotic potential. cGK I(+/-) mouse blood vessels exhibited an attenuated P-RhoA level and concurrently increased RhoA/ROCK signaling. Importantly, cGK I insufficiency caused dynamic recruitment of ROCK into the fibrogenic programs, thereby eliciting exaggerated vascular hypertrophy and fibrosis. Transgenic expression of cGK I-unphosphorylatable RhoA(A188) in VSMCs augmented ROCK activity, vascular hypertrophy, and fibrosis more prominently than did that of wild-type RhoA, consistent with the notion that RhoA(A188) escapes the intrinsic inhibition by cGK I. Additionally, VSMCs expressing RhoA(A188) became refractory to the antifibrotic effects of NPs. Our results identify cGK I-mediated Ser188 phosphorylation of RhoA as a converging node for pro- and antifibrotic signals and may explain how diminished cGMP signaling, commonly associated with vascular malfunction, predisposes individuals to vascular fibrosis.
The Coordination of Ni<sup>II</sup> and Cu<sup>II</sup> Ions to the Polyhistidyl Motif of Hpn Protein: Is It as Strong as We Think? (2012)

Hpn, one of Helicobacter pylori's nickel-accessory proteins, is an amazingly peculiar protein: Almost half of its sequence consists of polyhistidyl (poly-His) residues. Herein, we try to understand the origin of this naturally occurring sequence, thereby shedding some light on the bioinorganic chemistry of Hpn's numerous poly-His repeats. By using potentiometric, mass spectrometric, and various spectroscopic techniques, we studied the Ni(II) - and Cu(II) complexes of the wild-type Ac-THHHHYHGG-NH(2) fragment of Hpn and of its six analogues, in which consecutive residues (His or Tyr) were replaced by Ala (Ala-substitution or Ala-scan approaches), thereby resulting in Ac-TAHHHYHGG-NH(2), Ac-THAHHYHGG-NH(2), Ac-THHAHYHGG-NH(2), Ac-THHHAYHGG-NH(2), Ac-THHHHAHGG-NH(2), and Ac-THHHHYAGG-NH(2) peptides. We found that the His4 residue is critical for both Ni(II) - and Cu(II) -ion binding and the effectiveness of binding varies even if the substituted amino acid does not take part in the direct binding interactions.
Feasibility of using red pigment producing fungi to stain wood for decorative applications (2011)

This research investigated the use of red pigment producing fungi in controlled inoculation into woody substrates for decorative applications. Two Fusarium species isolated from red-stained wood and two strains of Arthrographis cuboidea capable of producing red stain in culture were inoculated onto sugar maple ( Acer saccharum Marsh.), incubated for 6–14 weeks, and evaluated for their ability to produce a high-saturation, penetrating stain. Both Fusarium species failed to produce significant pigmentation either externally or internally. Both strains of A. cuboidea produced high amounts of surface and penetrating red stain within a moderate incubation period (over 80% of the wood samples stained by 10 weeks of incubation) but were capable of doing so only under sterile or semisterile conditions. Production of red stain did not differ between A. cuboidea isolates except at 6 and 8 weeks where isolate ELS-1 had significantly higher internal red stain. It was also found that an increase in incubation time for A. cuboidea past 8 weeks led to increasing amounts of blue pigment on external wood surfaces. The findings indicate that A. cuboidea is suitable for production of red pigmentation on decorative wood applications only if utilized under sterile or semisterile conditions and incubation is halted before blue pigment begins to form.
Pronunciation (1903)

Journal Article Pronunciation Get access James Platt, Jun. James Platt, Jun. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s9-XII, Issue 307, 14 November 1903, Page 392, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s9-XII.307.392b Published: 14 November 1903
Integrated millimeter-wave and submillimeter-wave antennas and Schottky-diode receivers. (1994)

In this thesis, integrated antennas and receivers are designed, fabricated, and tested at millimeter- and submillimeter-wave frequencies. A new antenna, the integrated corner-cube antenna is developed employing silicon micromachining techniques. A millimeter-wave version is successfully tested from 180-270 GHz and a submillimeter-wave antenna is tested at 2.54 THz ($\lambda$ = 119 $\mu$m). Also, the first successful submillimeter-wave endfire slotline antennas are fabricated using a 1.7 $\mu$m-thick dielectric membrane substrate and successfully tested at 348 and 802 GHz. Room temperature integrated Schottky-diode receivers are presented covering the frequency range from 180 GHz to 760 GHz. Monolithic double-slot antenna receivers on a silicon substrate lens are designed, fabricated, and tested at 250 GHz and 760 GHz, and a wideband log-periodic receiver on a silicon substrate lens is successfully demonstrated from 184 GHz to 760 GHz. The double-slot receiver is ideally suited for linear (1 x N or 2 x N) or small two-dimensional imaging arrays. At 258 GHz, the monolithic double-slot receiver resulted in a DSB conversion loss of 7.8 dB and a DSB noise temperature of 1600 K which are within 2-3 dB of the world's best tuned waveguide receivers.
Signal Integrity analysis for high speed channels in pcb/package co-design interface: 3D full wave vs. 2d/hybrid approach &amp; full model vs. segmentation approach (2013)

This paper investigates two main concerns regarding the analysis of high speed channels for PCB/package co-design interface: 1) use of 2D/hybrid solvers vs. 3D full wave solvers and 2) segmentation approach vs. simulation of the full model. It is demonstrated that 3D EM analysis is necessary for accurate results. However, 2D/hybrid solvers can be used for preliminary post layout analysis. Several segmentation approaches are investigated for effective PCB/package co-simulation. These techniques accurately take into account the discontinuities at the PCB/package interface and render the co-simulation 2-3X less time consuming.
Transient recovery voltage considerations in the application of medium-voltage circuit breakers (1997)

Medium-voltage circuit breakers can fail to interrupt three-phase fault currents when power systems have transient recovery voltage (TRV) characteristics which exceed the rating of the circuit breaker. This paper examines the application of 13.8-kV generation and load switchgear for an oil refinery in which circuit parameters as originally designed would have exceeded the 13.8-kV circuit breakers' TRV ratings had corrective measures not been taken. This paper illustrates this case and discusses the basis of TRV, how TRV is assessed, and alternative actions taken to bring circuits to within the 13.8-kV circuit breaker ratings.
Polymer Diffusion Exhibits a Minimum with Increasing Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Concentration (2009)

Nanoparticles present a new frontier for understanding polymer dynamics in complex, nanoscale environments. We report that the addition of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) produces a minimum in the diffusion coefficient with increasing nanoparticle concentration, ϕ. Initially, tracer diffusion coefficients (D) are suppressed with increasing ϕ and then increase beyond a critical concentration, ϕcrit < 1 vol %. Shorter tracer chains exhibit a greater slowing down than longer chains, whereas longer matrix chains decrease the value of ϕcrit. The experimental results are discussed in terms of locally anisotropic diffusion perpendicular and parallel to the nanotube filler and simulated using a trap model that defines a trap size and the extent of slowing perpendicular to the cylindrical trap. The simulated diffusion coefficients capture both the initial decrease in D attributed to isolated traps and the recovery of D above ϕcrit corresponding to trap percolation. Nanoparticles influence polymer diffusion in fascinating ways and will refine our understanding of polymer reptation and might also inform the study of biopolymer diffusion in living systems.
89. Metabolic cardiovascular risk factors and sodium sensitivity in hypertensive subjects (1991)

Lind, Lars; Lithell, Hans; Gustafsson, Inga-Britt; Pollare, Thomas; Ljunghall, Sverker Author Information
Cloud networking: An infrastructure service architecture for the wide area (2012)

We present an architecture for cloud networking, the provision of virtual infrastructure in a multi-administrative domain scenario, where data centre and network operators interact through defined interfaces to provide seamless virtual infrastructure. To support this scenario we introduce the flash network slice, dynamic elastic network connections that compose to form integrated cross-domain networks. Flash network slices support decomposition of virtual infrastructure into partitions that can be managed independently but seamlessly interconnected across administrative boundaries. The approach supports limited information disclosure about implementation details on behalf of the providers, scalability, heterogeneity, and a migration path from currently deployed infrastructure technologies to future network implementations. The resulting infrastructure services are suited to on-demand deployment of emerging cloud services such as content distribution, social networks and cloud-based IT applications.
Ethanol Ingestion: Differences in Blood Acetaldehyde Concentrations in Relatives of Alcoholics and Controls (1979)

Blood acetaldehyde concentrations were significantly elevated after a moderate ethanol dose in 20 healthy young men with alcoholic parents or siblings compared to matched controls with no familial alcoholism.
Targeting cancer cells with folic acid–iminoboronate fluorescent conjugates (2013)

Herein we present the synthesis of fluorescent 2-acetylbenzeneboronic acids that undergo B-N promoted conjugation with lysozyme and N-(2-aminoethyl) folic acid (EDA-FA), generating conjugates that are selectively recognized and internalized by cancer cells that over-express folic acid receptors.
Molecular and Structural Characterization of the PezAT Chromosomal Toxin-Antitoxin System of the Human Pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae (2007)

The chromosomal pezT gene of the Gram-positive pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae encodes a protein that is homologous to the zeta toxin of the Streptococcus pyogenes plasmid pSM19035-encoded epsilon-zeta toxin-antitoxin system. Overexpression of pezT in Escherichia coli led to severe growth inhibition from which the bacteria recovered approximately 3 h after induction of expression. The toxicity of PezT was counteracted by PezA, which is encoded immediately upstream of pezT and shares weak sequence similarities in the C-terminal region with the epsilon antitoxin. The pezAT genes form a bicistronic operon that is co-transcribed from a sigma(70)-like promoter upstream of pezA and is negatively autoregulated with PezA functioning as a transcriptional repressor and PezT as a co-repressor. Both PezA and the non-toxic PezA(2)PezT(2) protein complex bind to a palindrome sequence that overlaps the promoter. This differs from the epsilon-zeta system in which epsilon functions solely as the antitoxin and transcriptional regulation is carried out by another protein designated omega. Results from site-directed mutagenesis experiments demonstrated that the toxicity of PezT is dependent on a highly conserved phosphoryltransferase active site and an ATP/GTP nucleotide binding site. In the PezA(2)PezT(2) complex, PezA neutralizes the toxicity of PezT by blocking the nucleotide binding site through steric hindrance.
2-Ammonio-5-chloro-4-methylbenzenesulfonate, its 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and dimethyl sulfoxide monosolvates and a corrected structure of 2,2′-(1,4-phenylene)di(4,5-dihydroimidazolium) bis(4-aminobenzenesulfonate) dihydrate (2012)

2-Ammonio-5-chloro-4-methylbenzenesulfonate, C(7)H(8)ClNO(3)S, (Ia), is an intermediate in the synthesis of lake red azo pigments. The present structure determination from single-crystal data confirms the results of a previous powder diffraction determination [Bekö, Thoms, Brüning, Alig, van de Streek, Lakatos, Glaubitz & Schmidt (2010). Z. Kristallogr. 225, 382-387]. The zwitterionic tautomeric form is confirmed. During a polymorph screening, two additional pseudopolymorphs were obtained, viz. 2-ammonio-5-chloro-4-methylbenzenesulfonate 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone monosolvate, C(7)H(8)ClNO(3)S·C(5)H(9)NO, (Ib), and 2-ammonio-5-chloro-4-methylbenzenesulfonate dimethyl sulfoxide monosolvate, C(7)H(8)ClNO(3)S·C(2)H(6)OS, (Ic). The molecules of (Ib) have crystallographic m symmetry. The 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone solvent molecule has an envelope conformation and is disordered around the mirror plane. The structure shows hydrogen-bonded ladders of molecules [graph-set notation C(2)(2)(6)R(2)(2)(12)] in the [010] direction. The benzene groups of adjacent ladders are also stacked in this direction. A different type of hydrogen-bonded ladder [graph-set notation C(6)R(2)(2)(4)R(4)(4)(12)] occurs in (Ic). In (Ia), (Ib) and (Ic), the molecules correspond to the zwitterionic tautomer. The structure of the cocrystal of 4-aminobenzenesulfonic acid with 1,4-bis(4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-yl)benzene [Shang, Ren, Wang, Lu & Yang (2009). Acta Cryst. E65, o2221-o2222] is corrected; it actually contains 4-aminobenzenesulfonate anions and 2,2'-(1,4-phenylene)di(dihydroimidazolium) dications, i.e. 2,2'-(1,4-phenylene)di(4,5-dihydroimidazolium) bis(4-aminobenzenesulfonate) dihydrate, C(12)H(16)N(4)(2+)·2C(6)H(6)NO(3)S(-)·2H(2)O. Hence, all known structures of aminobenzenesulfonic acid complexes contain ionic or zwitterionic molecules; there is no known structure with a neutral aminobenzenesulfonic acid molecule.