gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of trace metals on growth of Streptococcus mutans in a teflon chemostat (1982)

Correlations between the presence of certain trace metals in dental enamel or in drinking water and the incidence of human dental caries have been demonstrated; therefore, the effects of several trace metals on growth of the cariogenic organism Streptococcus mutans OMZ176 were determined. For continuous growth in a chemically defined medium (treated with Chelex-100 to lower trace metal contamination and supplemented with high-purity trace metal salts) used in a chemostat constructed of Teflon, S. mutans required input of carbon dioxide and supplementation with magnesium (126 microM) and manganese (18 to 54 microM). Addition of iron (3.6 microM) increased the level of steady-state growth by a factor of 2.8 (stimulation index [SI]); zinc at 0.4 microM nearly doubled equilibrium growth (SI = 0.9). Higher concentrations of iron and zinc (5.4 and 0.8 microM, respectively) were less stimulatory (SI values of 1.95 and 0.3, respectively). Small (but statistically significant) increases in steady-state growth were effected by cobalt (SI = 0.3 at 5.1 to 20.4 microM) and tin (SI = 0.4 at 5.1 to 10.2 microM). These data suggest nutritional requirements for these metals. Copper at a concentration of 0.16 microM was inhibitory. These results show significant effects of these metals on growth of S. mutans and may confirm epidemiological evidence suggesting a role for certain trace metals in the incidence of dental caries.
Ganglioside Therapy and Guillain-Barré Syndrome (1991)

We investigated an alleged association between ganglioside therapy and the risk of developing the Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) in a historical cohort study. Using official medical records of the Local Health Unit No. 31 of Ferrara Province, northern Italy, we linked data on sales of gangliosides with information regarding hospital admissions and discharge diagnoses between January 1, 1988, and May 31, 1990. The number of incidence cases of GBS observed within 30 days of gangliosides administration in a cohort of 13,373 treated subjects (0.0 cases) was not significantly different from that expected in the general population (0.014). Our study suggests that patients receiving gangliosides are not at increased risk of developing GBS. However, because of sample size limitations, these findings should be confirmed in a larger cohort study.
Flexible access control for outsourcing personal health services in cloud computing using hierarchical attribute set based encryption (2013)

Online personal health record (PHR) enables patients to manage their own medical records in a centralized way, which greatly facilitates the storage, access and sharing of personal health data. With the emergence of cloud computing, it is attractive for the PHR service providers to shift their PHR applications and storage into the cloud, in order to enjoy the elastic resources and reduce the operational cost. However, by storing PHRs in the cloud, the patients lose physical control to their personal health data, which makes it necessary for each patient to encrypt her PHR data before uploading to the cloud servers. Under encryption, it is challenging to achieve fine-grained access control to PHR data in a scalable and efficient way by using FADE. For each patient, the PHR data should be encrypted so that it is scalable with the number of users having access. Also, since there are multiple owners (patients) in a PHR system and every owner would encrypt her PHR files using a different set of cryptographic keys, it is important to reduce the key distribution complexity in such multi-owner settings. Existing cryptographic enforced access control schemes are mostly designed for the single-owner scenarios. In order to realize scalable, flexible, and fine-grained access control of outsourced data in cloud computing, in this research, we propose hierarchical attribute-set-based encryption (HASBE) by extending cipher text-policy attribute-set-based encryption (ASBE) with a hierarchical structure of users. The proposed scheme not only achieves scalability due to its hierarchical structure, but also inherits flexibility and fine-grained access control in supporting compound attributes of ASBE.
The Effects of Particle Size, Fluid Rheology, and Pipe Eccentricity on Cuttings Transport (2000)

Abstract This study was conducted to gain a more in-depth understanding of solids transport for coiled tubing workovers, cleanouts and drilling applications. Cuttings or particle transport in Coiled Tubing operations is a complex problem that is affected by numerous parameters. Predicting effective cuttings transport requires all of these parameters to be considered simultaneously. Tests were conducted to determine the effects of the following parameters: I) Different particle size, II) Fluid rheology, including water, gel, and multi-phase fluids, III) Pipe eccentricity, coiled tubing positioned on the low and high side of the wellbore. The effects of the different parameters were investigated in two different modes: the circulation mode, that involves the development of a cuttings bed or build-up of cuttings in the wellbore, and hole cleaning mode, which is cleaning out an existing cuttings bed. It will be shown that the results indicate: 1) for the tested particle size range (0.150 – 7 mm), cleaning efficiency is partly dependant upon the particle’s size, 2) with suitable agitation, a gelled fluid is more effective for cuttings transport than water in a highly deviated wellbore, 3) Pipe eccentricity has an effect on cuttings transport for different fluids and 4) for complete wellbore clean-up it requires many more hole volumes than previous ‘rules of thumb’ would indicate.
Pixel based object tracking (2015)

Number of approaches has been proposed for object tracking in last few years towards increasing performance of computer vision systems. In this paper we propose a tracker which is based on structural information captured in pixels, thus we facilitate a tracker which distinguishes between the target and the background easily. This target-background posterior estimate is further used to track the object. It is used for effective tracking of objects in generic computer vision system. It works in heavy occlusion and illumination conditions also. The experimental result shows the effectiveness and success of the tracker during heavy occlusion also it recovers the image sequences from drifts. The approach includes using k-means for creating clusters in order to form the model based on the pixels. The results are encouraging. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm segments the target and background during tracking the objects.
The Autocatalytic Deposition of Tin (1980)

SummaryThe autocatalytic deposition of tin onto steel, nickel, copper, polypropylene and ABS from a solution containing tin (II) and titanium (III) salts and complexing agents has been demonstrated. Coating continues at a rate of 4 g m−2 h−1 up to at least 10/μm. Preliminary experiments designed to demonstrate the reaction mechanisms involved have failed to identify the species in solution but it is believed that the reducing agent is a Ti3+ ion which has a tin-containing ligand in its coordination sphere.
Fusion of texture features and color information of the license plate location algorithm (2012)

In this paper, a license plate location algorithm, fused texture characteristics and color information are proposed, where the license plate characteristics of structure and color are fused based on the fixed color collocation between background and the character of the license plate. Firstly, we would perform edge detection on gray-scale images of vehicles, and then, give the Canny operator edge detection threshold algorithm about the vehicle image. Secondly, we would detect the number of jump points of each row, and set the threshold to retain those lines greater than the threshold, and then test those pixels retained. The region can be saved as plate area if the color collocation of the points of both sides is accorded with the fixed color collocation of background and characteristics of plates. Finally, the license plate region inspection mechanism was introduced, which can guarantee better accuracy of the license plate location. The experiment shows that the algorithm can quickly and accurately locate the license plate, and positioning accuracy rate reaches 98.3%,. It also has a strong anti-interference ability.
Detecting nondeterministic payment bugs in Ethereum smart contracts (2019)

The term “smart contracts” has become ubiquitous to describe an enormous number of programs uploaded to the popular Ethereum blockchain system. Despite rapid growth of the smart contract ecosystem, errors and exploitations have been constantly reported from online contract systems, which has put financial stability at risk with losses totaling millions of US dollars. Most existing research focuses on pinpointing specific types of vulnerabilities using known patterns. However, due to the lack of awareness of the inherent nondeterminism in the Ethereum blockchain system and how it affects the funds transfer of smart contracts, there can be unknown vulnerabilities that may be exploited by attackers to access numerous online smart contracts. In this paper, we introduce a methodical approach to understanding the inherent nondeterminism in the Ethereum blockchain system and its (unwanted) influence on contract payments. We show that our new focus on nondeterminism-related smart contract payment bugs captures the root causes of many common vulnerabilities without relying on any known patterns and also encompasses recently disclosed issues that are not handled by existing research. To do so, we introduce techniques to systematically model components in the contract execution context and to expose various nondeterministic factors that are not yet fully understood. We further study how these nondeterministic factors impact contract funds transfer using information flow tracking. The technical challenge of detecting nondeterministic payments lies in discovering the contract global variables subtly affected by read-write hazards because of unpredictable transaction scheduling and external callee behavior. We show how to augment and instrument a contract program into a representation that simulates the execution of a large subset of the contract behavior. The instrumented code is then analyzed to flag nondeterministic global variables using off-the-shelf model checkers. We implement the proposed techniques as a practical tool named NPChecker (Nondeterministic Payment Checker) and evaluate it on 30K online contracts (3,075 distinct) collected from the Ethereum mainnet. NPChecker has successfully detected nondeterministic payments in 1,111 online contracts with reasonable cost. Further investigation reports high precision of NPChecker (only four false positives in a manual study of 50 contracts). We also show that NPChecker unveils contracts vulnerable to recently-disclosed attack vectors. NPChecker can identify all six new vulnerabilities or variants of common smart contract vulnerabilities that are missed by existing research relying on a “contract vulnerability checklist.”
Wireless power transfer for mobile phone charging device (2012)

Abstract – With an ongoing trend in mobile phone charger standardization, the next step to make the charging process even more user-friendly is to eliminate the physical cable connection between the charger and the mobile phone. To achieve a wireless charging of a mobile phone, a wireless power transfer system must be designed. One such system is presented in this paper. Theory of the wireless power transfer is explained and a functional wireless charger device is realized. Presented wireless charger device has the power transfer capability of around 0.5 W at a maximum distance of 2.5 cm, which is sufficient to charge a regular mobile phone. I.
Improving runtime performance of deduplication system with host-managed SMR storage drives (2018)

Due to the cost consideration for data storage, high-areal-density shingled-magnetic-recording (SMR) drives and data deduplication techniques are getting popular in many data storage services for the improvement of profit per storage unit. However, naively applying deduplication techniques upon SMR drives may dramatically downgrade the runtime performance of data storage services, because of the time-consuming SMR space reclamation processes. This work advocates a vertical integration solution by jointly managing the host-managed SMR drives with deduplication system, in order to essentially relieve the time-consuming SMR space reclamation issue. The proposed design was evaluated by a series of realistic deduplication workloads with encouraging results.
Studying Network Timing with Precision Packet Delay Measurements (2008)

Abstract : As the transmission of telecommunications data is increasingly reliant on new generation packet network transport, new methods of time and frequency transfer are required. While some of these methods are at the physical layer, many involve the network and data link layers and are affected by packet network behavior. Thus, it has become important to develop instrumentation and analysis techniques applicable to the study of packet latency and packet delay variation. Several of the packet network protocols which have been proposed for precision time and frequency transfer are NTP (Network Time Protocol) and IEEE 1588v2, also known as PTP (Precision Time Protocol). Systems designed for high-performance NTP or PTP contain the necessary elements for precision packet timing measurements, namely a common precision timing reference from a source such as GPS and hardware timestamping capability. Such equipment has been developed over the past several years and has been used to make packet delay measurements, both in the laboratory and in live operating production networks. The interpretation and analysis of packet timing data benefit from a combination of traditional techniques and new techniques. Certain analysis techniques applicable to traditional time and frequency measurements carry over to packet timing data, while others are of little utility or in some cases benefit from modification. In this latter category is a new metric, minTDEV, based on one of the Allan deviation calculations. This paper starts with a discussion of the measurement techniques and systems used in the study of packet network timing. Following this introduction, it presents laboratory and production network measurement results from a number of commercial operators and introduces various techniques for the analysis of such results.
Nano-Ceramic Coatings - A Means for Enhancing Bit Life and Reducing Drill String Trips (2013)

Abstract Drilling bit is the main tool which performs the task of grinding and cutting through the formation. This causes cracking, spallation and delamination of the drilling bit and it needs to be replaced periodically depending upon the formation conditions. This replacement of the bit require stripping the drill string and running it in again which causes loss of time. Also, a new bit has to be installed which causes monetary loss. Coating the bit with Nano-Ceramic coatings can help reduce the wear and tear significantly. Another promising fact is that these coatings don't allow the metal substrate below to be affected. So, the worn out bit can be recoated with a fresh layer of Nano-Ceramic coatings and be reused. This paper shall go through the Nano-Ceramic crystalline structure, coating processes, testing mechanical properties (Young's Modulus, Bond strength, Tensile strength) of the coatings and the comparison of mechanical properties of conventional and Nanostructured coatings. An application of this technology will be to use it for bits to drill highly abrasive formations like those formed by igneous rocks. The Nano-Ceramic coatings are made from an Al2O3-TiO2 Nano-Ceramic powder. This is applied on the bit surface via plasma coating method. The powder is partially melted to form grains of varying sizes. This lack of homogeneity is a major factor in enhancement of mechanical properties which will be explained further in the paper. There is a marked reduction in propagation of cracks as seen under SEM photographs. There is doubling of Bond strength as compared to conventional coatings. The toughness is about 2–4 times that of a conventional coating. This shall be further illustrated in the paper with help of graphs and images. This technology could lead to huge savings for operators as tripping frequency would be reduced. The replaceability of the bit also ensures savings for the operating company.
Media management and control of video disks (1995)

With the introduction of video disk technology, tapeless broadcasting has become a reality. In order to maximise the effectiveness of this new technology, control software to manage the recording, retrieval, playout and archiving of material has been required. Such software has now been developed and installed in Europe. This paper discusses Logica's experiences in the control of video disks and in the management of disk media. This experience is based around two products, MediaView, a media management and playout system, and ADC-100, a presentation automation system.
Evaluation of chemical sensors for in situ ground-water monitoring at the Hanford Site (1989)

This report documents a preliminary review and evaluation of instrument systems and sensors that may be used to detect ground-water contaminants in situ at the Hanford Site. Three topics are covered in this report: (1) identification of a group of priority contaminants at Hanford that could be monitored in situ, (2) a review of current instrument systems and sensors for environmental monitoring, and (3) an evaluation of instrument systems that could be used to monitor Hanford contaminants. Thirteen priority contaminants were identified in Hanford ground water, including carbon tetrachloride and six related chlorinated hydrocarbons, cyanide, methyl ethyl ketone, chromium (VI), fluoride, nitrate, and uranium. Based on transduction principles, chemical sensors were divided into four classes, ten specific types of instrument systems were considered: fluorescence spectroscopy, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), spark excitation-fiber optic spectrochemical emission sensor (FOSES), chemical optrodes, stripping voltammetry, catalytic surface-modified ion electrode immunoassay sensors, resistance/capacitance, quartz piezobalance and surface acoustic wave devices. Because the flow of heat is difficult to control, there are currently no environmental chemical sensors based on thermal transduction. The ability of these ten instrument systems to detect the thirteen priority contaminants at the Hanford Site at the required sensitivity was evaluated. In addition, all ten instrument systems were qualitatively evaluated for general selectivity, response time, reliability, and field operability. 45 refs., 23 figs., 7 tabs.
Modeling strategy for post layout verification (2002)

Guidelines for the development of portable switch-level VHDL gate models that can be extracted from netlists or layout files are presented. Using these models, a simulation model for a cell-based design can be obtained. The VHDL descriptions of the gates will properly model timing and loading effects. Modeling techniques and procedures for assembling larger models are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Deep Feature Space Trojan Attack of Neural Networks by Controlled Detoxification (2021)

Trojan (backdoor) attack is a form of adversarial attack on deep neural networks where the attacker provides victims with a model trained/retrained on malicious data. The backdoor can be activated when a normal input is stamped with a certain pattern called trigger, causing misclassification. Many existing trojan attacks have their triggers being input space patches/objects (e.g., a polygon with solid color) or simple input transformations such as Instagram filters. These simple triggers are susceptible to recent backdoor detection algorithms. We propose a novel deep feature space trojan attack with five characteristics: effectiveness, stealthiness, controllability, robustness and reliance on deep features. We conduct extensive experiments on 9 image classifiers on various datasets including ImageNet to demonstrate these properties and show that our attack can evade state-of-the-art defense.
National Party and Local Politics in Ordos, Inner Mongolia (1926-1935) (1992)

At the time of publication, author Christopher P. Atwood was affiliated with Indiana University. Currently, he is a faculty member in the East Asian Languages and Civilizations Department at the University of Pennsylvania.
I Want You for U.S. Army (1917)

I Want You For U.S. Army Nearest Recruiting Station James Montgomery Flagg Copyright, 1917, Leslie-Judge Co., N.Y.
Rectification of QR-code images using the parametric cylindrical surface model (2015)

In recent years, QR codes have found a wide range of applications in business and industry. Moreover, their popularity and function are still growing (fast). Therefore, the processing of the images of QR codes is an important task. In this paper, we try to solve a problem encountered in QR decoding when the QR code is printed near the binding edge inside a book or on the surface of a cylindrical container. When a picture is taken on such a QR code, the picture is no longer in a rectangular shape, which is supposedly the “right” shape that any QR code should take, due to warping from the image capturing mechanism by the camera. We refer to such warping as cylinder-to-screen (C2S) warping. This warping translates into serious distortion of the original QR-code image (also referred to as QR image, for short) and thus causes failure in its decoding. In this paper, a mathematical model called the parametric cylindrical surface model (PCSM) is proposed. Then, based on it, a scheme is proposed to rectify C2S-warped QR images. Experiments show that the proposed scheme is effective, in the sense that many failed QR decodings become successful after the rectification.
Random error propagation by Monte Carlo simulation (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRandom error propagation by Monte Carlo simulationLowell M. SchwartzCite this: Anal. Chem. 1975, 47, 6, 963–964Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60356a027https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60356a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views839Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts