gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Crystal Forms of Cianidanol (1985)

The presence of seven crystal forms of cianidanol (tetrahydrate·I, monohydrate·I, II, anhydrate·I, II, III, IV) was confirmed by X-ray diffractometry, thermal analysis and by the measurement of water content. The effect of temperature and humidity on the transformation among the seven crystals were investigated. Anhydrate·I transformed to monohydrate·I in low humidity of 11-44% of relative humidity (R.H.) and tetrahydrate·I in high humidity above 68% of R.H. at 20°C. Monohydrate·I transformed to anhydrate·II in low humidity under 30% of R.H. and monohydrate·II at 75% of R.H., 40°C. Anhydrate·II, III, IV transformed to tetrahydrate·I at 94% of R.H., 20°C. Monohydrate·II did not transform to any other form at 0-94% R.H., 20°C, it was the most stable form at room temperature. Dissolution profiles of the seven crystals measured in water were almost the same.
Effect of free radicals on superconductors. Nitric oxide on aluminum (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffect of free radicals on superconductors. Nitric oxide on aluminumE. J. Shimshick and H. M. McConnellCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1969, 91, 7, 1854–1855Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01035a047https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01035a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views46Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effective sign extension elimination (2002)

Computer designs are shifting from 32-bit architectures to 64-bit architectures, while most of the programs available today are still designed for 32-bit architectures. Java™, for example, specifies the frequently used int" as a 32-bit data type. If such Java programs are executed on a 64-bit architecture, many 32-bit values must be sign-extended to 64-bit values for integer operations. This causes serious performance overhead. In this paper, we present a fast and effective algorithm for eliminating sign extensions. We implemented this algorithm in the IBM Java Just-in-Time (JIT) compiler for IA-64™. Our experimental results show that our algorithm effectively eliminates the majority of sign extensions. They also show that it significantly improves performance, while it increases JIT compilation time by only 0.11%. We implemented our algorithm for programs in Java, but it can be applied to any language requiring sign extensions.
[Auto-immune haemolytic anaemia and mediastinal dysembryoma in a 6-year-old child (author's transl)]. (1978)

In a six-year-old girl, suffering from an auto-immune haemolytic anaemia, routine radiological examination revealed the presence of a mediastinal tumour which was removed surgically and proved to be a multiple tissue polycystic dysembryoma. Haemolysis and signs of anti-erythrocyte auto-immunisation disappeared after the operation and total and stable cure obtained with a follow-up of 15 months. The target antigen of the anti-erythrocyte autoantibody could not be found within the tumour. However, the latter contained lymphoid tissue and a considerable quantity of antibody. Although indirect, these findings offer arguments in favour of the secretion of autoantibodies by the dysembryoma.
Abstract B63: Identification of small molecules that selectively target glioma stemlike cells (2011)

Abstract Gliomas are the most frequently occurring primary malignancies in the central nervous system, with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) the most common and most aggressive of these tumors. GBM is virtually incurable because, following the standard treatment of care—surgical resection, radiation, and chemotherapy—the tumors eventually recur. Recent studies including our own indicate a crucial role for a specific subset of tumor cells (cancer stem cells) in tumor development and recurrence. We have generated fully penetrant, tumor-suppressor-based somatic mouse models of glioma, with gene mutations frequently found in human glioma (p53, NF1, Pten; termed Mut6 tumors). These tumor models develop GBM that histopathologically and molecularly mimics the human disease. Transcriptional profiling of these tumors revealed that they are most similar to human GBM. Using the pooled Mut6 stem-like cancer cells we performed a high-throughput screen designed to identify small molecules that inhibit the growth of these cells, as measured by a luminescence ATP assay. We performed a 200,000 compound library screen, initially identifying 4,480 compounds that were then retested in increasingly stringent assays such that we now have approximately 70 unique compounds that adversely affect glioma stem cell growth. These compound hits were found to have EC50s in the nanomolar range and to act with considerable specificity, affecting the mutant stem cells at concentrations that do not affect cultured astrocytes or mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Among these, we tested 46 compounds in metabolic stability tests and found 17 compounds with excellent stablilty profiles. We believe these compounds present promising lead compounds for drug development as well as for uncovering critical pathways in glioma tumor development and self renewal. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Second AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; 2011 Sep 14-18; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(18 Suppl):Abstract nr B63.
A relationship between dynamic and static assessments of knee joint load:Gait analysis and radiography before and after knee replacement in 45 patients (1995)

In a prospective study of 45 gonarthrosis patients treated with total knee arthroplasty, we performed gait analysis with the Vifor system preoperatively and 6 months and 2 years postoperatively. An evaluation was made of the relationship between dynamic measurements of knee joint load and static, radiographic measurements of alignment. Correlations were found between the knee joint moments in the frontal plane and the Hip-Knee-Ankle (HKA) angles on all measurement occasions, likewise between changes of moments and changes in HKA by the operation. Thus, static alignment reflects the loading conditions during gait.
Antigen transport by intestinal M cells (1992)

M cells play a critical role in the generation of protective secretory immunity against intestinal pathogens. For this reason, they have become an important focus for studies on oral vaccine development. In this review, we outline the work on M cells reported in the past year, with particular emphasis on findings that have relevance to vaccine development. The most important findings in this regard are the demonstration of antibody-enhanced M-cell targeting and the analysis of increased M-cell numbers in response to Salmonella infection.
Comparative use of turkey and chicken wing brachial artery models for microvascular anastomosis training (2011)

The authors' institutional preference has shifted to the use of a turkey wing artery as the initial model for microanastomosis training. Advantages in terms of vessel size and tissue durability favor this model over the chicken wing as part of a graduated instruction process.
Identification and analysis of lipid mediators in a mouse model of allergic contact dermatitis (163.9) (2011)

Abstract Allergic contact dermatitis (CD) is a type of inflammatory skin disease resulting from delayed-typed hypersensitivity to haptenic antigens. The antigens are presented to T cells by dendritic cells in the skin and result in activation and recruitment of other immune cells to the skin. The inflammatory response is frequently accompanied by production of metabolic mediators. Here we sought to identify mediators involved in allergic CD by using a mouse model. C57BL/6 mice were sensitized with dinitrofluorobenzene or oxazolone and challenged with the same antigen on the ear. The treated ears were swollen and exhibited accumulation of leukocytes. The affected ears were subjected to targeted quantitative metabolomic analysis by mass spectrometry to identify lipid metabolites that displayed significant changes. A cyclooxygenase product, thromboxane A2, was remarkably induced by more than 10 fold compared to vehicle control. A number of other bioactive lipid metabolites were induced by more than two fold. We found that mice treated with aspirin or sEHi showed reduced ear thickness compared to vehicle treatment. Our data suggest that the cyclooxygenase and soluble epoxide hydrolase pathways are involved in the development of allergic CD by modulating the inflammatory skin response. Inhibitors of these two pathways and antagonists of prostanoid receptors for the elevated metabolites are expected to be effective therapeutically to treat allergic CD.
Cryptographically secure identity certificates (2004)

We present FACECERTS, a simple, inexpensive, and cryptographically secure identity certification system. A FACECERT is a printout of person's portrait photo, an arbitrary textual message, and a 2D color bar-code which encodes an RSA signature of the message hash and the compressed representation of the face encompassed by the photo. The signature is created using the private key of the party issuing the ID. Verification is performed by a simple, intelligent, and off-line scanning device that contains the public key of the issuer. The system does not require smart cards. More interestingly, the ID does not need to be printed by a high-end printer, it can be printed anywhere. We present a novel algorithm for compressing faces and investigate the reliability of the crucial components of the system.
Zielflächenorientierte, präzise Echtzeit-Fungizidapplikation in Getreide (2015)

Im Rahmen eines Verbundprojektes wurden Echtzeit-Applikationstechnologien mit berührungslosen Sensoren für präzise Fungizid-Spritzungen in Getreide entwickelt. Das Entscheidungshilfe-System proPlant expert.classic bzw. die Internetversion proPlant expert.com (proPlant GmbH) empfiehlt geeignete Fungizide und Dosierungen für ein bestimmtes Infektionsszenario der acht wichtigsten Blatt- und Ährenkrankheiten von Winterweizen. Das Precision-Farming-Modul „Fungizid“, welches auf dem Terminal in der Traktorenkabine läuft, steuert das präzise Spritzverfahren. Das Modul bestimmt die lokale Zielapplikationsmenge während des Spritzens durch Nutzung des lokalen Ultraschallsensorwerts als Eingabeparameter. In den Jahren 2013 und 2014 wurden Feldversuche in Winterweizen durchgeführt, um die Beziehung zwischen den Sensorwerten (Ultraschall- und Kamerasensor) und den Pflanzenparametern Pflanzenoberfläche (Leaf Area Index, LAI) sowie Biomasse zu analysieren. Diese sind für einen örtlich angepassten variablen Fungizideinsatz zur Bemessung der Spritzmenge wichtig. Die Messungen wurden mehrmals während der Vegetationsperiode an visuell ausgewählten Stichprobenpunkten entsprechend der unterschiedlichen Bestandsdichte durchgeführt. Nach Änderungen an der Sensortechnik konnten für 2014 signifikante lineare Regressionsmodelle zur Beschreibung der Beziehung zwischen den Sensorwerten und den zwei Pflanzenparametern LAI sowie Biomasse gefunden werden.
Directional CW Doppler Ultrasound Using a Double-Heterodyne Demodulator (1980)

A key part of any Doppler ultrasound d i ag no s t ic system is the r ec e ive r /demod ulator that serves t o s eparate the forward and reverse velocity signals. Most Doppler systems use phase quadrature demodulation, but, due to exacting tolerance r equirements, this technique d oes not generally enable adequate suppression to be achieved between the forward and reverse channels. Heterodyne demodulation enables the ideal to be approached. It is shown that double-heterodyne demodulation has impor tant advantages and these, togother with the disadvantages, practical design aspects, and experimental results are presented.
On the formation of dioxiranes and of singlet oxygen by the ketone-catalysed decomposition of Caro's acid (1996)

Measurements of the infrared phosphorescence of singlet molecular oxygen (1O2) at 1270 nm have been used to demonstrate the formation of 1O2 by the ketone-catalysed decomposition of peroxymonosulfuric acid (Caro's acid). The kinetics of the ketone-catalysed decomposition of Caro's acid have been studied by this technique and the rate law was found to be of first order for HSO5–, for ketone and for a pH-dependent factor F=KW/([H+]+ Ka2). Eleven ketones were chosen to determine kDI, the third-order rate constant for the formation of the corresponding dioxirane. The values of kDI depend on ketone structure and vary over a wide range. For both the acetone- and cyclohexanone-catalysed decomposition of Caro's acid measurements have been performed at different temperatures. The apparent activation energies Eaa were determined to be Eaa(acetone)= 47.8 kJ mol–1 and Eaa(cyclohexanone)= 36.0 kJ mol–1, respectively. For the uncatalysed self-decomposition of Caro's acid the second-order rate constant was determined to be k2= 5.9 × 10–2 dm3 mol–1 s–1.
Variation in type of adjuvant chemotherapy received among patients with stage I breast cancer: A multi‐institutional study (2015)

Over time, there was an increase in use of intensive regimens among Stage I breast cancer, with striking institutional and cost variations.
The fabrication of plasmonic Au nanovoid trench arrays by guided self-assembly (2009)

Metallic nanoscale voids can support both localized and propagating plasmons and form plasmonic crystals. However, constructing 1D arrays is crucial for producing plasmonic circuits. In this paper we report the first experimental evidence of plasmons in templated linear arrays of self-assembled structures. Single and multilayer arrays of gold voids have been fabricated by self-assembly of sub-micron polystyrene spheres in V-shaped trenches in silicon, followed by selective area electrodeposition. Angle-dependent dispersion characteristics reveal the existence of localized plasmons.
Noninvasive quantification of muscle oxygen in subjects with and without claudication. (1997)

The disabling pain of intermittent claudication (IC) arises from oxygen deprivation in the lower limbs during walking. Measurement of the oxygen deficiency within the limb tissue now appears possible with recently expanded understanding of the photon transport through tissue for photons in the visible and near infrared range. Noninvasive measurement consists of preferentially measuring photons that have traveled more deeply into limb tissues and that, therefore, may reach locations of ischemic tissue. Oxygen measurements appear to be possible up to a depth approaching 1.5 cm beneath the surface of the skin. The present study reports on data acquired from the limbs of 11 subjects with IC and 12 subjects without IC. The subjects with IC are patients with clinical findings of claudication based upon segmental Doppler pressure profiles and subjective reports by the patient of pain during exercise. The subjects without IC are individuals with no prior history of ischemic vascular disease. The results consist of photon reflectance measurements at red and infrared wavelengths (approximately 660 nm and 880 nm respectively) taken before, during, and after exercise. Infrared reflectance indices are plotted as well as oxygenation indices generated from combining red and infrared reflectances. A compilation of exercise data shows responses that are generally consistent with the expected physiological responses to mild exercise in subjects with and without IC. We anticipate that the findings of this study may lead to an objective noninvasive testing procedure for measuring the ischemic and exercise-induced changes in muscle oxygenation in the presence of claudication. If the testing of ischemic hypoxia continues to show consistency and accuracy in determining the disability of the subjects with IC, future studies can more effectively test modes of conservative management, such as cessation of smoking, alternative exercise regimens, weight loss, and alternative pharmacological agents.
Rearrangement of .alpha.-bromocamphoric anhydride. 2. Competitive mechanisms in the formation of laurolenic acid (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRearrangement of .alpha.-bromocamphoric anhydride. 2. Competitive mechanisms in the formation of laurolenic acidWalter L. Meyer, Charles E. Capshew, John H. Johnson, Alan R. Klusener, Angelo P. Lobo, and Richard N. McCartyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1977, 42, 3, 527–534Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00423a029https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00423a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views192Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Amianthoid Change: Orientation of Normal Collagen Fibrils During Aging (1976)

High-angle x-ray diffraction provides direct evidence that amianthoid change, occurring during aging of costal cartilage, corresponds to a transformation from an isotropic to a marked anisotropic distribution of collagen fibrils. Low-angle x-ray diffraction and electron microscopy show that the fibrils have the customary 67-nanometer axial periodicity. Electron microscopy shows that wide amianthoid collagen fibrils consist of smaller parallel fibrils fused together. Similarities between amianthoid change and tendon morphogenesis are briefly discussed. Amianthoid change is remarkable in that aging is accompanied by increased order.
Early induction and augmentation of parasitic antigen-specific antibody-producing B lymphocytes in the non-Peyer s patch region of the small intestine (1998)

In this study, B lymphocytes from the small intestine of immunized rats were examined for their expression of specific antibodies against Trichinella spiralis (TS) antigen. The isotypes of the antigen-specific antibodies on B cells were examined via immunofluorescence microscopy. Monoclonal mouse anti-rat IgE, IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, IgG2c, IgA and IgM primary antibodies in conjunction with FITC-conjugated goat anti-mouse Ig secondary antibody and XRITC-conjugated 9D4 T. spiralis antigen were used to study the dynamics of the appearance of activated B lymphocytes in the small intestine, Peyer's patch, both the germinal center (PP-GC) and the non-germinal center (PP-NGC), the mesenteric lymph node (MLN), and the spleen. The results demonstrate that activated B cells are elicited by TS in the non-Peyer's patch region of the small intestine to express all isotypes of antibodies against TS antigen. IgG- and IgE-producing cells (Ab-PC) began proliferation only 1 and 2 days after infection, respectively. The strongest response was mounted by the IgE-PC in the lamina propria of the intestine. The response by IgA-PC generated was not only significantly delayed and also much weaker than that of the IgE- and IgG-PC. Peyer's patches failed to be a significant contributor in this immune response. Although this antigen-specific immune response was produced in the MLN and the spleen, it was weaker than that of the small intestine. The study indicates the potential ability of an immunized host to generate an early, yet effective, humoral immunity against T. spiralis in the non-Peyer's patch region of the small intestine."
Biodégradation anaérobie et aérobie des composés aromatiques iodés : application à la minéralisation de l'acide 5-amino-2, 4, 6- triiodoisophtalique (2000)

Les composes aromatiques triiodes sont utilises comme agents contrastants de radiologie. Ces composes tres stables ne sont pas degrades dans les stations d’epuration. L acide 5-amino-2, 4,6-triiodoisophtalique (AATI) est le motif de base de nombreux agents contrastants et represente la fraction difficile a degrader de ces molecules. Nous avons realise des selections de microorganismes sur AATI en aerobiose et en anaerobiose (denitrification, sulfato-reduction et conditions methanogenes) a partir de differentes sources environnementales. Cette etape de selection a abouti a l’acclimatation d’un consortium microbien capable de degrader l’AATI en anaerobiose en presence d’ethanol. Le consortium microbien degrade l’AATI par voie reductive et produit l’acide 5-animo-isophtalique grâce a trois deshalogenations successives. Nous avons montre que la degradation de l’AATI est optimale entre 25°C et 35°C et a ph 7,5. La degradation a pu etre obtenue en presence de formate, lactate, butyrate ou d’hydrogene comme donneur d’electrons. La degradation est inhibee par l’oxygene, le nitrate, le thiosulfate et le sulfite. Le sulfate reduit la vitesse de deshalogenation. Les capacites de degradation du consortium selectionne ont pu etre facilement etendues a des composes triiodes plus complexes. Nous avons ensuite selectionne un consortium aerobie capable de mineraliser les produits de deshalogenation anaerobie avec un rendement en carbone de 97%. Ainsi, nous avons pu mettre en œuvre un procede de mineralisation de l’AATI en deux etapes : une deshalogenation anaerobie suivie d’une mineralisation aerobie realisees en reacteurs a lit fixes. Les performances des reacteurs ont ete determinees en alimentation continue avec un rapport ethanol/AATI de 4 a debits croissants, puis en augmentant la concentration de polluant dans l’alimentation. Le reacteur couple degrade jusqu'a 799 mg. I-1. J-1 de carbone, ce qui correspond a une charge en AATI de 4,2 mm-1.
Electronic structure and small polaron hole transport of copper aluminate (2001)

High-temperature electrical property measurements (electrical conductivity, thermoelectric coefficient) on polycrystalline ${\mathrm{CuAlO}}_{2}$ exhibited characteristic small polaron features, i.e., low mobilities (0.1--0.4 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$/V s) and an activation energy of \ensuremath{\sim}0.14 eV. The thermopower was p type (\ensuremath{\sim}440 \ensuremath{\mu}V/K) and roughly temperature independent. The local-density full-potential linearized augmented-plane-wave method was used to calculate the band structure, densities of states, and optical properties (within the electric-dipole approximation) in order to account for the unique electronic and optical properties of this potential transparent conducting oxide.