gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vortex-flow electromagnetic emission in stacked intrinsic Josephson junctions (2006)

We confirmed the existence of the collective transverse plasma modes excited by the motion of the Josephson vortex lattice in stacked intrinsic Josephson junctions of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x by observing the multiple subbranches in the Josephson-vortex-flow current-voltage characteristics. We also observed the symptom of the microwave emission from the resonance between the Josephson vortex lattice and the collective transverse plasma modes, which provides the possibility of developing Josephson-vortex-flow electromagnetic oscillators.
All-optical non-volatile tuning of an AMZI-coupled ring resonator with GST phase-change material (2018)

We present a Ge<sub>2</sub>Sb<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>5</sub> (GST)-integrated ring resonator with the tuning enabled by an all-optical phase change of GST using a sequence of optical pulses. The tuning is non-volatile and repeatable, with no static power consumption due to the "self-holding" feature of the GST phase-change material. The 2 μm long GST can be partially crystallized by controlling the number of pulses, increasing the tuning freedom. The coupling between the ring resonator and the bus waveguide is based on an asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The coupling strength is wavelength-dependent, so that an optimal wavelength can be selected for the probe light to get more than 20 dB transmission contrast between the amorphous and crystalline GST states.
Wide temperature-range singlemode operation of MQWgain-coupledDFB lasers (1994)

Singlemode operation with a sidemode suppression ratio of 48 dB in the temperature range 10–100°C is reported for 1.3 µm gain-coupled DFB lasers consisting of an MQW active grating. The threshold current as a function of temperature exhibits a minimum in a room temperature range (infinite characteristic temperature T0). The physical mechanism for the appearance of this minimum is explained by a theoretical model.
Biological Activity of <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> Antigens<sup>a</sup> (1988)

OSP-A (approximately 31 kDa) and flagellins (approximately 41 kDa) are prominent antigens of Borrelia burgdorferi. Both OSP-A and flagellins are immunogenic in patients and in experimentally infected mice and hamsters, but the kinetics of antibody formation to each vary considerably between the species. The role of eluted OSP-A and flagellins in the cellular immune response, chemotaxigenesis, and cytoadherence was measured. Eluted OSP-A and flagellins stimulated the proliferation of normal and infected mouse splenocytes but only the peripheral mononuclear cells of patients. Both OSP-A and flagellins induced human neutrophil chemotaxis, but at significantly reduced levels as compared to other known chemotactic peptides. Live B. burgdorferi adhere to HEp-2 cells in culture. OSP-A and the flagellins are involved in adherence; monoclonal antibodies to determinants in these proteins partially inhibited adherence. Cytoadherence was also partially inhibited by treatment of the cells with tunicamycin and sialidase.
The Undercutting of Organic Lacquers on Steel (1974)

A mechanism for the undercutting of scratched lacquers on black plate (uncoated low‐carbon steel sheet) is proposed. Experimental evidence leading to its postulation and some tests carried out to confirm it are summarized. It is believed that the undercutting at breaks in coatings on black plate is initiated by the electrochemical reduction of the air‐formed iron oxide film between metal and lacquer effectively to enlarge the break in the film. The subsequent corrosion of exposed steel results in the final undercutting. The stability to reduction of the chromium oxide in the chrome coating of TFS and the absence of iron oxide therein, are the reasons for the resistance of TFS to undercutting.
Current Status of Cardiac Transplantation (1998)

Cardiac transplantation, first introduced 30 years ago, has become a widely used and increasingly important procedure for treatment of truly end-stage heart disease. Current use is limited strictly by donor supply, making selection of appropriate recipients an important ethical and societal issue. Survival rates after transplantation rose in the 1980s with the use of cyclosporine and have remained relatively consistent since then, although recipients older than 65 years or younger than 1 year have lower survival rates than recipients of other ages. Although immunosuppressive drugs have helped establish cardiac transplantation as a successful procedure, risks of opportunistic infection and rejection, as well as coronary arteriopathy, have led to development of new immunosuppressive agents currently under study. Future alternatives to the current technology of cardiac allotransplantation may include xenotransplantation and/or nonbiological replacement of the heart with mechanical devices.
A Comparative Analysis of Healing of Surgical Cleft Lip Corrected in Utero and in Neonates (1992)

We studied the healing process in surgically created cleft lips in fetal mice and compared it with that in newborn mice with cleft lips. Our purpose was to determine the time for optimal healing, defined as minimal scarring, for a repaired cleft lip. Full-thickness paramedian lip incisions were made in NMRI mice in utero, in 2- and 4-day-old neonates, and in adults (n = 10 in each experimental and control group). The healing process was studied by biochemical analysis of hyaluronic acid and hydroxyproline content in the repaired cleft tissue. We found that the production of hyaluronic acid remained stable during the healing period and was similar in all experimental groups. However, there was an unexplained but consistent depression in the hyaluronic acid content of fetal tissue 2 days after repair. Hydroxyproline was present in the fetal healing tissue, but in a low concentration, starting 4 days after surgical incision of the lip. The production of hydroxyproline in 2-day-old neonates was similar to that in the fetuses throughout the healing period (p less than 0.0005). However, the production of hydroxyproline increased in 4-day-old neonatal and adult tissues. In conclusion, we found an optimal healing period for mice with minimal collagen production in the late fetal stage, and this lasted 2 days after birth.
A novel method to prepare magnetite chitosan microspheres conjugated with methotrexate (MTX) for the controlled release of MTX as a magnetic targeting drug delivery system (2009)

The purpose of the present study is to develop a new method to prepare magnetite chitosan microspheres conjugated with methotrexate (MTX) for the controlled release of MTX as a magnetic targeting drug delivery system. MTX was first conjugated to the chitosan chain via a peptide bond and then a suspension cross-linking technique was used for the production of magnetic chitosan microspheres with glutaraldehyde as the cross-linker. The MTX-loading capacity of the magnetic chitosan microspheres was determined and drug release experiments were also carried out to discuss the MTX release behavior. All the data support that the magnetic chitosan-MTX microspheres prepared in this method would have great potential application in magnetic targeting drug delivery technology.
Vacuum Cooling of Meat Products: Current State-of-the-Art Research Advances (2012)

Vacuum cooling (VC) is commonly applied for cooling of several foodstuffs, to provide exceptionally rapid cooling rates with low energy consumption and resulting in high-quality food products. However, for products such as meat and cooked meat products, the higher cooling loss of vacuum cooling compared with established methods still means lower yields, and important meat quality parameters can be negatively affected. Substantial efforts during the past ten years have aimed to improve the technology in order to offer the meat industry, especially the cooked meat industry, optimized production in terms of safety regulations and guidelines, as well as meat quality. This review presents and discusses recent VC developments directed to the cooked meat industry. The principles of VC, and the basis for improvements of this technology, are firstly discussed; future prospects for research and development in this area are later explored, particularly in relation to cooling of cooked meat and meat products.
Analysis of slurry flow in chemical-mechanical polishing (2005)

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2005.
Contact-induced sound change: analysis of the alveolar lateral fricative in Yami (2013)

Language change manifests itself in various ways. The majority of studies on language change in Yami, an endangered Austronesian language spoken on Orchid Island, Taiwan, have centered on the rapid language shift from Yami to Mandarin within the speech community (Chen 1998, Li and Ho 1988, Lin 2007, Rau 1995). The present study, however, aims to explore whether the sound change of [ɮ] to [l] in Yami (e.g., soli [ʂuɮi] > [ʂuli] 'taro') is triggered by language contact between Mandarin and Yami. Three variables were considered: Mandarin competence, Mandarinspeaking frequency, and social network integration. The results showed that the three variables were strongly correlated with sound change. Participants possessing advanced Mandarin competence, higher Mandarin-speaking frequency, and/or weaker social network integration into the Yami community (i.e., greater exposure to Mandarin) tended to exhibit the highest rate of sound change, which might be attributed to a cross-linguistic influence from Mandarin to Yami through extensive language contact.
Loyauté et identité coopérative (2005)

Comment mettre la loyauté au coeur de l’organisation coopérative, c’est la question centrale de cet article. L’auteur montre que loyauté et identité coopérative trouvent des fondements communs, et défend l’idée selon laquelle la coopérative, en prenant appui sur ce concept, peut trouver les moyens de dépasser la crise identitaire qui l’affecte. Une nouvelle pierre est apportée à la construction d’un nouveau paradigme coopératif, qui prend vie dans une recherche-action menée depuis plusieurs années, au Québec, à la caisse Desjardins de Saint-Roch-de-l’Achigan. Pour l’organisation coopérative, l’enjeu est d’asseoir un véritable avantage concurrentiel, par des pratiques cohérentes qui soutiennent la loyauté des employés et des clients-membres.
Crowdsourcing correction of speech recognition captioning errors (2011)

In this paper, we describe a tool that facilitates crowdsourcing correction of speech recognition captioning errors to provide a sustainable method of making videos accessible to people who find it difficult to understand speech through hearing alone.
Relationships between lung function and physical characteristics in young adult black and white males and females (1991)

The relationships of lung function to physical characteristics in young adults have not been adequately described for different gender-race groups in the United States. As part of a study of the effects of ozone exposure upon Black and White men and women, we measured lung volumes, expiratory flow rates, and airways resistance on a sample of 314 healthy 18-35 yr old nonsmokers. Regression analysis indicated that lung function was adequately described as a linear function of either height or sitting height in each of the four groups, and that while not always significant, gender and race differences in the height and sitting height coefficients were consistently present with those of males and Whites larger than those of females and Blacks, respectively. Lung volumes were frequently observed to be associated with body mass index as measured by Quetelet Index (weight.height.2). The best fitting gender-race specific multiple regression models including these terms and occasional age terms are presented. Two additional models are presented, one of which simultaneously adjusts for both gender and race, and the other of which adjusts for gender for a given race. Comparison of predicted values from our study to those of other studies suggests that the population samples from this study may be similar to those of other American populations reported upon by others.
Le réel est-il voilé ? (1994)

Espinoza Miguel. Le réel est-il voilé ?. In: L’Enseignement Philosophique, n°44-4, 1994. pp. 28-42.
Corrosion Consequences of Oxygen Entry Into Sweet Oilfield Fluids (2001)

Abstract This paper contains the results of laboratory and field tests where the corrosion system was carbon steel exposed to oilfield brines containing dissolved carbon dioxide and oxygen. Both uninhibited and inhibited systems were examined. The results are analyzed and placed in context with previously reported work dealing with related systems. Oilfields, in general, have less gas pressure as they mature. Ingress of oxygen into well annuli, into the vapor space in tanks, and through pump packing becomes more commonplace as a result. The corrosion consequences of this condition can now be quantified and corrective action can be taken to avoid equipment replacement and production losses. To the author’s knowledge, no report of a systematic treatment of this subject exists in corrosion literature. Quantification of the effects, recognition of duration, and influence of corrosion inhibitor chemical types are among the novel contributions of this paper. Some of the significant conclusions from the work concern the magnitude and persistency of corrosion acceleration by oxygen in sweet fluids. At common oil well temperatures, acceleration was in the order of 10 to 30 mpy per part per million of oxygen. The concentration of oxygen was not reduced preferentially from these solutions but occurred at approximately the same rate as reduction of dissolved carbon dioxide (undissociated carbonic acid) concentration. Inhibition of corrosion in CO2/O2 systems was more difficult that in CO2 alone but could be accomplished.
Influence sets based on reverse nearest neighbor queries (2000)

Inherent in the operation of many decision support and continuous referral systems is the notion of the “influence” of a data point on the database. This notion arises in examples such as finding the set of customers affected by the opening of a new store outlet location, notifying the subset of subscribers to a digital library who will find a newly added document most relevant, etc. Standard approaches to determining the influence set of a data point involve range searching and nearest neighbor queries. In this paper, we formalize a novel notion of influence based on reverse neighbor queries and its variants. Since the nearest neighbor relation is not symmetric, the set of points that are closest to a query point ( i.e. , the nearest neighbors) differs from the set of points that have the query point as their nearest neighbor (called the reverse nearest neighbors). Influence sets based on reverse nearest neighbor (RNN) queries seem to capture the intuitive notion of influence from our motivating examples. We present a general approach for solving RNN queries and an efficient R-tree based method for large data sets, based on this approach. Although the RNN query appears to be natural, it has not been studied previously. RNN queries are of independent interest, and as such should be part of the suite of available queries for processing spatial and multimedia data. In our experiments with real geographical data, the proposed method appears to scale logarithmically, whereas straightforward sequential scan scales linearly. Our experimental study also shows that approaches based on range searching or nearest neighbors are ineffective at finding influence sets of our interest.
Iterative in vivo assembly of large and complex transgenes by combining the activities of  C31 integrase and Cre recombinase (2005)

We have used the phiC31 integrase to introduce large DNA sequences into a vertebrate genome and measure the efficiency of integration of intact DNA as a function of insert size. Inserts of 110 kb and 140 kb in length may be integrated with about 25% and 10% efficiency respectively. In order to overcome the problems of constructing transgenes longer than approximately 150 kb we have established a method that we call; 'Iterative Site Specific Integration' (ISSI). ISSI combines the activities of phiC31 integrase and Cre recombinase to enable the iterative and serial integration of transgenic DNA sequences. In principle the procedure may be repeated an arbitrary number of times and thereby allow the integration of tracts of DNA many hundreds of kilobase pairs long. In practice it may be limited by the time needed to check the accuracy of integration at each step of the procedure. We describe two ISSI experiments, in one of which we have constructed a complex array of vertebrate centromeric sequences of 150 kb in size. The principle that underlies ISSI is applicable to transgenesis in all organisms. ISSI may thus facilitate the reconstitution of biosynthetic pathways encoded by many different genes in transgenic plants, the assembly of large vertebrate loci as transgenes and the synthesis of complete genomes in bacteria.
Maternal-Fetal Distribution of Morphine and Alfentanil in Near-Term Sheep and Rhesus Monkeys (1986)

Maternal-fetal distribution of the opiate agents morphine and alfentanil was studied in 3 near-term sheep and rhesus monkeys. Blood samples were obtained from maternal and fetal arteries for radioimmunoassay after placement of catheters under halothane anesthesia. Fetal-maternal ratios (F/M) of plasma morphine concentrations for sheep increased from 0.04 to 0.47 during the first hour after bolus IV injection of 200 micrograms/kg morphine. However, in monkeys, F/M values were considerably higher, increasing from 0.27 to 1.85. Indeed, values over 1.00, indicating higher drug concentrations in fetal than maternal plasma, were seen in two monkeys at 10 and 60 min time points. For alfentanil, a more lipid soluble but highly protein-bound drug, F/M values of plasma concentrations were similar in the two species ranging from 0.1 to 0.6 after injection of 250 micrograms/kg in sheep and 125 micrograms/kg in monkeys. Quantitation of morphine glucuronide, the principal metabolite of morphine and total morphine-like immunoactivity, suggested that morphine was metabolized more rapidly in monkey dams than in sheep, and that morphine glucuronide was more readily distributed to monkey than sheep fetus. These data suggest that morphine, but not alfentanil, transfers more readily from dam to fetus in near-term monkeys than in sheep.
Light source modeling for automotive lighting devices (2002)

Automotive lighting devices generally have to meet high standards. For example to avoid discomfort glare for the oncoming traffic, luminous intensities of a low beam headlight must decrease by more than one order of magnitude within a fraction of a degree along the horizontal cutoff-line. At the same time, a comfortable homogeneous illumination of the road requires slowly varying luminous intensities below the cutoff line. All this has to be realized taking into account both, the legal requirements and the customer's stylistic specifications. In order to be able to simulate and optimize devices with a good optical performance different light source models are required. In the early stage of e.g. reflector development simple unstructured models allow a very fast development of the reflectors shape. On the other hand the final simulation of a complex headlamp or signal light requires a sophisticated model of the spectral luminance. In addition to theoretical models based on the light source's geometry, measured luminance data can also be used in the simulation and optimization process.
Stimulus Generalization and Representation in Adaptive Network Models of Category Learning (1991)

An exponential-decay relationship between the probability of generalization and psychological distance has received considerable support from studies of stimulus generalization ( Shepard, 1958 ) and categorization ( Nosofsky, 1984 ). It is shown here how an approximate exponential generalization gradient emerges from stimulus representation assumptions isomorphic to a special case of Shepard's (1987) theory of stimulus generalization in a “configuralcue” network model of human learning that represents stimulus patterns in terms of elementary features and pairwise conjunctions of features ( Gluck & Bower, 1988b ; Gluck, Bower, & Hee, 1989 ). The network model can be viewed as a combination of Shepard's theory and an associative learning rule derived from Rescorla and Wagner's (1972) theory of classical conditioning.
Core–shell magnetic nanoparticles: a comparative study based on silica and polydopamine coating for magnetic bio-separation platforms (2012)

Core-shell magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) offer tremendous opportunities in a large range of applications in biomedicine due to their superior magnetic properties, biocompatibility and suitability for modification. In most cases, these characteristic features are determined by their shell chemistry and morphology. Herein, we demonstrate a comparative study of silica and polydopamine (PDOP) coating onto MNP surfaces based on synthesis, characterization and usage in a bio-separation platform. It was found that monodispersed MNPs may be easily obtained on silica coating of varying shell thickness, whereas a continuous PDOP layer observed around the MNPs prevents the formation of the dispersed form. On the other hand, PDOP coated MNPs exhibited better superparamagnetic behavior and biological modification ability compared to the silica coated form.
Recent advances in alkyne-based click polymerizations (2018)

The recent progress in alkyne-based click polymerizations and their application in the preparation of new functional polymers are summarized. The challenges and opportunities in this area are also briefly discussed.
Ultrahigh sensitivity made simple: nanoplasmonic label-free biosensing with an extremely low limit-of-detection for bacterial and cancer diagnostics (2009)

We present a simple and robust scheme for biosensing with an ultralow limit-of-detection down to several pg cm(-2) (or several tens of attomoles cm(-2)) based on optical label-free biodetection with localized surface plasmon resonances. The scheme utilizes cost-effective optical components and comprises a white light source, a properly functionalized sensor surface enclosed in a simple fluidics chip, and a spectral analyzer. The sensor surface is produced by a bottom-up nanofabrication technique with hole mask colloidal lithography. Despite its simplicity, the method is able to reliably detect protein-protein binding events at low picomolar and femtomolar concentrations, which is exemplified by the label-free detection of the extracellular adherence protein (EAP) found on the outer surface of the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), which is believed to be a prostate cancer marker. These experiments pave the way towards an ultra-sensitive yet compact biodetection platform for point-of-care diagnostics applications.
Auxin, cytokinin and the control of shoot branching (2011)

Here we review the evidence for various hypotheses that have been put forward to explain how auxin and cytokinin influence axillary bud activity. In particular we discuss the roles of auxin and cytokinin in regulating each other's synthesis, the cell cycle, meristem function and auxin transport, each of which could affect branching. These different mechanisms have implications for the main site of hormone action, ranging from systemic action throughout the plant, to local action at the node or in the bud meristem or leaves. The alternative models have specific predictions, and our increasing understanding of the molecular basis for hormone transport and signalling, cell cycle control and meristem biology is providing new tools to enable these predictions to be tested.