gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Agrégats multi-porphyriniques pour la conduite photonique (2007)

La capacité de programmer de façon rationnelle l organisation de petites molécules en architectures bien définies est un enjeu majeur, autant sur un plan théorique (étudier les interactions intermoléculaires) que sur un plan pratique (constituer des systèmes complexes et fonctionnels). Dans ce mémoire nous nous intéresserons à l auto-assemblage de porphyrines en structures moléculaires unidirectionnelles (polymères de coordination), afin d obtenir des édifices capables de piéger et guider l énergie lumineuse sur plusieurs centaines de nanomètres. Après avoir présenté les principaux exemples issus de la littérature, nous montrerons l intérêt d une porphyrine à anse rigide pour de telles applications. Les deux premiers chapitres traiteront de la synthèse et de l étude de l assemblage de différents monomères en solution. Puis nous discuterons de leur organisation sur supports solides, et en particulier de l influence de la surface sur leur mode d assemblage.
Intensional Verbs Without Type-Raising or Lexical Ambiguity (1994)

We present an analysis of the semantic interpretation of intensional verbs such as seek that allows them to take direct objects of either individual or quantifier type, producing both de dicto and de re readings in the quantifier case, all without needing to stipulate type-raising or quantifying-in rules. This simple account follows directly from our use of logical deduction in linear logic to express the relationship between syntactic structures and meanings. While our analysis resembles current categorial approaches in important ways, it differs from them in allowing the greater type flexibility of categorial semantics while maintaining a precise connection to syntax. As a result, we are able to provide derivations for certain readings of sentences with intensional verbs and complex direct objects that are not derivable in current purely categorial accounts of the syntax-semantics interface. The analysis forms a part of our ongoing work on semantic interpretation within the framework of Lexical-Functional Grammar.
Causes and Prevention of Structural Materials Failures in Naval Environments (1984)

Abstract An analysis is made of most corrosion related naval aircraft structural materials failure problems. The phenomena of stress corrosion cracking, hydrogen or environmental cracking, corrosion fatigue and exfoliation corrosion are discussed. Methods of determining hydrogen embrittling effects and hydrogen concentration are described and related to sustained load tolerances of cadmium plated high strength steels. An electro-mechanical test is described to illustrate the hydrogen-induced elastic deformation effect in steels. This test procedure has been also used to calculate the hydrogen diffusion coefficient as well as the hydrogen concentration. A technique which can monitor corrosivity of the naval environment aboard ship has been reported. Metallurgical methods of mitigating corrosion such as heat treatment and alloy development are described. Mechanistic aspects of corrosion-assisted mechanical failures (cracking) are analyzed and a multidisciplinary approach to solve the problem is described. It is demonstrated that modifications of the crack-tip chemistry can effectively lead to inhibition of corrosion fatigue and stress corrosion cracking in high strength alloys.
5SRNAdb: an information resource for 5S ribosomal RNAs (2015)

Ribosomal 5S RNA (5S rRNA) is the ubiquitous RNA component found in the large subunit of ribosomes in all known organisms. Due to its small size, abundance and evolutionary conservation 5S rRNA for many years now is used as a model molecule in studies on RNA structure, RNA-protein interactions and molecular phylogeny. 5SRNAdb (http://combio.pl/5srnadb/) is the first database that provides a high quality reference set of ribosomal 5S RNAs (5S rRNA) across three domains of life. Here, we give an overview of new developments in the database and associated web tools since 2002, including updates to database content, curation processes and user web interfaces.
Nondissociative Electron Attachment to Aromatic Hydrocarbons (1969)

Cross sections for attachment of thermal and near-thermal energy electrons to nine aromatic hydrocarbons are reported. The attachment cross sections peak sharply at zero energy and vary inversely with the electron velocity at thermal energies. The thermal attachment cross sections are discussed in relation to the energy of the first excited π-singlet state and the electron affinity.
Sand Transport in Slightly Upward Inclined Multiphase Flow (2018)

In order to assess the critical sand deposition condition, a unique 4-in ID test facility was designed and constructed, which enables the pipe to be inclined 1.5 deg upward. Experiments were conducted with air–water-glass beads at low sand concentrations (< 10,000 ppm), and the air and water flow rates were selected to ensure stratified flow regime along the pipe. At constant superficial liquid velocity, the gas velocity was reduced to find the critical sand deposition velocity. Six sand flow regimes are identified, namely, fully dispersed solid flow, dilute solids at the wall, concentrated solids at the wall, moving dunes, stationary dunes, and stationary bed. The experimental results reveal that sand flow regimes under air–water stratified flow are strong functions of phase velocities, particle size, and particle concentration. Also, the results show that air–water flow regime plays an important role in particle transport; slug flow has high capability to transport particles at the pipe bottom, while the stratified flow has high risk of sand deposition. As long as the sand dunes are observed at the pipe bottom, the critical sand deposition velocities slightly increase with concentrations, while for stationary bed, the critical velocity increases exponentially with concentration.
Generalizing about Trade Show Effectiveness: A Cross-National Comparison (1997)

Trade shows are a multibillion-dollar business in the United States and the United Kingdom, but little is known about the determinants of trade show effectiveness. The authors build a model that captures differences in trade show effectiveness across industries, companies, and two countries. They focus on the differences in trade show effectiveness measured in a similar way across similar samples of 221 U.S. and 135 UK firm-show experiences between 1982 and 1993. Although the variables explain different amounts of variance in these two countries and some variables tend to have different relative effects, the similarities outweigh the differences. The authors are able to generalize about the effect of various show selection (go/not go) variables as well as tactical variables (e.g., booth size, personnel) on observed performance. They conclude by discussing the implications of their research for developing benchmarks for trade show performance.
Primary Carcinoma of the Fallopian Tube: A retrospective study of patients reported to the Danish Cancer Registry in a five-year period (1989)

Fifty-two patients with carcinoma of the fallopian tube diagnosed and treated during a 5-year period in Denmark were reviewed. The median age of the patients was 60 years. No patients had a preoperative diagnosis. History and clinical findings were similar to previously reported series. Treatment consisted of hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, often succeeded by postoperative whole pelvic irradiation. Five-year survival was 37.4%, depending on stage. In stage I+II the survival rates were similar regardless of whether postoperative radiation therapy had been given or not. Little is known about the patterns of spread. The relatively bad prognosis for stages I and II after radical surgery indicates early undetected metastases and the need for more aggressive adjunctive therapy.
A 3D printed microfluidic device for production of functionalized hydrogel microcapsules for culture and differentiation of human Neuronal Stem Cells (hNSC) (2016)

We present here a microfluidic device that generates sub-millimetric hollow hydrogel spheres, encapsulating cells and coated internally with a layer of reconstituted extracellular matrix (ECM) of a few microns thick. The spherical capsules, composed of alginate hydrogel, originate from the spontaneous instability of a multi-layered jet formed by co-extrusion using a coaxial flow device. We provide a simple design to manufacture this device using a DLP (digital light processing) 3D printer. Then, we demonstrate how the inner wall of the capsules can be decorated with a continuous ECM layer that is anchored to the alginate gel and mimics the basal membrane of a cellular niche. Finally, we used this approach to encapsulate human Neural Stem Cells (hNSC) derived from human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (hIPSC), which were further differentiated into neurons within the capsules with negligible loss of viability. Altogether, we show that these capsules may serve as cell micro-containers compatible with complex cell culture conditions and applications. These developments widen the field of research and biomedical applications of the cell encapsulation technology.
Interband transitions in YBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7} (1991)

Using rotating analyzer ellipsometry, we have measured all three components of the dielectric tensor of YBa{sub 2}CU{sub 3}O{sub 7} from near-infrared to vacuum-ultraviolet (0.7 -- 24 eV). In the low energy region the spectra for a -- b polarization can be well modelled by a Drude free-carrier response with a frequency independent scattering rate. Below 10 eV we observe strongly anisotropic interband transitions involving the partially filled valence band and the conduction band. At higher energies the anisotropy becomes smaller. In that region we see two prominent double structures around 16 eV and 20 eV that we assign to transitions from lower lying bands with O s and Ba p character to states dose to the Fermi level.
Risk factors associated with mortality among persons with breakthrough zygomycosis and prior voriconazole exposure (2006)

Rates of Zygomycosis have been increasing, predominantly in patients with hematologic malignancy with or without stem cell transplant. Proposed factors associated with this change are increasing use of voriconazole for treatment of Aspergillosis. With the marked increase in the number of cases comes uncertainty of risk factors for mortality. Investigators from RADAR identified factors associated with higher risk of death with voriconazole associated Zygomycosis. Cases from 13 cancer centers were collected on a standardized case report form, including diagnosis, species, established risk factors, steroid use, reason for use, concomitant infection, surgery, therapy, and outcome. Criteria included a minimum of 5 days exposure, clinical diagnosis, and confirmation with tissue or cytology. Results: 58 patients were identified with Zygomycosis and prior voriconazole exposure. Two thirds had transplants. Overall mortality was 75%. Fifty patients received voriconazole as prophylaxis. Due to very high mortality along all categories tested, multivariate analysis identified only steroid use and Rhizopus species as significant risk factors. A number of striking observations can be reported. Mortality by transplant type: related 53% versus unrelated 80%; mortality by site of infection; lungs = 87% versus sinus = 58%; mortality by days of exposure <21days = 24% versus >21 days = 77%; mortality by surgery 50% versus no surgery 76%. The number of patients who had HSCT increased over time: <30days = 7, 30days–100days = 9, and >100days = 15. Caspofungin used in 23%. Concommitant infection seen in 60% of patients. Mortality for patients treated with amphotericin was >75%. Discussion: The characteristics of patients and outcomes for voriconazole exposure are typical for Zygomycosis infection from any cause in addition to steroid and Rhizopus species. Reports are from diverse geographical sites around the USA.Voriconazole is being used off label as prophylaxis without data to support efficacy. One institution reported voriconazole an independent risk factor for Zygomycosis. Breakthrough infections are common with other azoles, so our findings here are not unexpected. Trials are needed determine if cases of Zygomycosis with voriconazole are offset by a more pronounced decrease in Aspergillosis and other voriconazole susceptible organism. We urge caution with indiscriminate prophylaxis and empiric treatment. Diagnosis of infection with prior voriconazole exposure requires appropriate treatment with Zygomycosis coverage.
Vortex-flame interaction leading to flame flashback in a premixed combustion system: A numerical study (2012)

Flame flashback in premixed combustion systems driven by the interaction of vortex filaments and heat release is referred to as Combustion Induced Vortex Breakdown (CIVB). The underlying physio-chemical process corresponds to a kind of an instability mode because from initialization on, every upstream movement of the flame leads itself to an induced force pushing the flame even further upstream. The present paper analyzes the driving mechanisms of the CIVB phenomenon numerically in detail using a transported Flame Surface Density (tFSD) approach in the context of three-dimensional uRANS simulations.The numerically determined laminar flame speed as based on strain-rate dependent counterflow configurations is transformed to turbulent flow conditions applying an assumed approach leading to a library build up of Flamelets Extended to Turbulent Conditions (FLTC). The combination of the tFSD model with the FLTC sub-library enables the accurate simulation of the CIVB phenomenon and hence the identification of the driving mechanisms.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselective Thioacetalization of Aldehydes Catalyzed by Fe3+‐ Montmorillonite. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Localization of laminin, type IV collagen, fibronectin, and heparan sulfate proteoglycan in chick retinal pigment epithelium basement membrane during embryonic development. (1985)

Type IV collagen, laminin, heparan sulfate proteoglycan, and fibronectin were localized in the basement membrane (BM) of chick retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) during various stages of eye development. At different times over a 4-17 day period after fertilization, chick embryo eyes were dissected, fixed in periodate-lysine-paraformaldehyde, and 6 micron frozen sections through the central regions of the eye were prepared. Sections were postfixed in -20 degrees C methanol and stained immediately by indirect immunofluorescence using sheep anti-mouse laminin, sheep antimouse type IV collagen, rabbit anti-mouse heparan sulfate proteoglycan, and mouse monoclonal anti-porcine plasma fibronectin. Fluorescein-labeled F(ab')2 fragments of the appropriate immunoglobulins (IgGs) were used as secondary antibodies. Laminin could be readily demonstrated in the BM of the RPE during all stages of development. The staining for type IV collagen, fibronectin, and heparan sulfate proteoglycan HSPG) was less intense than that for laminin, but was also localized in the BM along the basal side of the RPE. In addition to staining the BM, antiserum to HSPG, gave a diffuse labeling from day 9 onward, above the RPE extending into the region of the photoreceptors. Whereas the intensity of staining generally increased between day 4 and day 17 of development, the distribution of the different BM components did not change. Hence the presence of type IV collagen, laminin, fibronectin, and HSPG in the BM of RPE in vivo during all the stages of development investigated supports the concept that these macromolecules are important basic components of this, and other, BMs. Furthermore, these results indicate that the composition of the BM of RPE cells in vivo is similar to the BM material deposited by RPE cells in vitro (Turksen K, Aubin JE, Sodek JE, Kalnins VI: Collagen Rel Res, 4:413-426, 1984) and that the in vitro cultures can therefore serve as a useful model for studying BM formation.
An approach to real-time parameter determination of the multichannel closed-loop FES controller (2004)

We have developed the multichannel closed loop FES controller using the PID control for multi-joint control and/or several degrees of freedom of movement control stimulating several muscles. Although the method was proved to be effective, it sometimes caused undesirable responses such as oscillations of joint angles because of strong nonlinearity of the input-output characteristics of electrically stimulated muscles. In this paper, a method of real-time parameter determination for the controller was examined. Controller parameters were determined based on stimulus intensities applied just before each adjustment of stimulation intensities. The method was effective in reducing undesirable oscillations during closed loop FES control without trial and error adjustment of controller parameters.
Matrix metalloproteinase-19 is a predictive marker for tumor invasiveness in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (2007)

This latter finding probably reflects the unique change for MMPs from high immunoreactivity within healthy tissue areas and non-invasive tumor parts, through absence in the least invasive neoplastic regions, to strong re-expression at a highly invasive front of the same tumor. Our findings indicate that MMP-19 can be used as a marker for tumor invasiveness in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
Stage-Specific Expression of Genes Associated with Rat Spermatogenesis: Characterization by Laser-Capture Microdissection and Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction1 (2002)

Spermatogenesis in the rat consists of 14 unique morphologic cellular associations between Sertoli cells and developing germ cells within the seminiferous epithelium. The complexity of the cellular associations leads to difficulty in the isolation of individual cells at a defined stage of development for the study of their unique patterns of gene or protein expression. Thus, laser-capture microdissection is an ideal technique to permit such analysis. This study used laser-capture microdissection and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to quantitate the stage-specific expression of a series of genes of functional significance in hormonal regulation and cell-cell interactions in spermatogenesis, including cathepsin-L, CREM-tau, transition protein-1, androgen receptor, beta1-integrin, N-cadherin, and hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT). Frozen sections (10 micro m) were obtained from normal adult rat testes. Laser-capture microdissection (LCM) was used to capture all cells in cross-sections of seminiferous tubules that were grouped into stages I-V, VII-VIII, and IX-XIII. Transition protein-1 expression was lowest during stages I-V and increased 5.9-fold during stages VII-VIII and IX-XIII (P < 0.01). Cathepsin-L expression was highest during stages I-V and VII-VIII, falling 4.9-fold during stages IX-XIII (P < 0.05). Similarly, CREM-tau expression was highest during stages I-V and VII-VIII, falling 1.6-fold during stages IX-XIII (P < 0.05). A novel CREM-tau isoform lacking the phosphorylation domain was also characterized but was not stage-specific. beta1-Integrin, N-cadherin, and androgen receptor expression did not change between the spermatogenic stages examined. HPRT housekeeper expression was lowest during stages I-V but increased 1.5-fold during stages VII-VIII and IX-XIII (P < 0.05). This study is the first to apply LCM and real-time RT-PCR analysis to quantitate stage-specific changes in the expression of multiple genes in the seminiferous epithelium.
Combined Use of Cation-Masking Agent with Anionic Dispersant for the Preparation of High Performance CWM (1989)

Abstract By the combined use of cation-masking agent with anionic dispersant, highly-loaded coal water mixture (CWM) was prepared, and the sedimentation stability and rheological property of CWM were much improved as compared with the case of single use of the anionic dispersant.
To estimate permeability anisotropy from resistivity anisotropy (2016)

The permeability anisotropy is related to the electric resistivity anisotropy and the pore throat cross-section anisotropy as, where the subscript H and V indicate the conduction in the horizontal and vertical direction, respectively. RH and RV are the horizontal resistivity and vertical resistivity of brine filled formation. FH and FV are the formation factor measured in the horizontal and vertical directions. Similarly, <rH2> and <rV2> are the average pore throat cross-sections to the horizontal and vertical conductions, respectively. The permeability anisotropy is an important parameter in evaluating reservoir performance. The above relation will help to identify permeability-anisotropic formation from the electrical anisotropy data. If the formation is electrically anisotropic, RV≠RH (FV≠FH) when it is wet, then the formation is also permeability-anisotropic, kV≠kH. By examining the macroscopic anisotropy of the permeability and electric conductivity in thinly laminated formations, we show that the permeability anisotropy kH/kV is bound by the resistivity anisotropy RV/RH of the wet formation as: On the other hand, the permeability can be anisotropic even if the formation is electrically isotropic, RV=RH (FV=FH) when it is wet: To estimate the permeability anisotropy, the pore throat cross-section anisotropy <rH2>/<rV2>, has to be known. Although the <rH2>, <rV2>, and hence, <rH2>/<rV2>, can be measured petrographically when proper core samples are available, these are generally unknown. When the cores are not available, they may be estimated from pore size distribution measurements using NMR log data. Note: This paper was accepted into the Technical Program, but was not presented at the 2016 SEG Annual Meeting in Dallas.
Electrophilic Substitution at Saturated Carbon. XI. Steric Course of the Basecatalyzed Decarboxylation Reaction<sup>1</sup> (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrophilic Substitution at Saturated Carbon. XI. Steric Course of the Basecatalyzed Decarboxylation Reaction1Donald J. Cram and Paul HaberfieldCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1961, 83, 10, 2354–2362Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01471a029https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01471a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views176Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts