gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IL-10-dependent infectious tolerance after the treatment of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis with redirected CD4<sup>+</sup>CD25<sup>+</sup>T lymphocytes (2005)

How small numbers of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells suppress autoimmune responses in vivo is unclear. In this report we analyze the immunomodulatory activity of CD4+CD25+ T cells that are antigen-specifically redirected against myelin basic protein (MBP)89-101-specific autoreactive T cells by a MBP89-101-IA(s)-zeta chimeric receptor. We have previously shown that these redirected regulatory T cells are highly potent in treating a model autoimmune disease, experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. We show here that they have only limited effect in vivo on autoreactive T cell proliferation and therefore do not act by deleting or suppressing the expansion of pathologic effector cells. Rather, the redirected CD4+CD25+ T cells divert the pathologic T helper 1 self-specific T cell response to one characterized by high IL-10 and lower IL-4 production. Significantly, when isolated from the inducing CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells, these self-specific T cells can independently suppress the autoreactive T cell response and experimental allergic encephalomyelitis development in an IL-10-dependent manner. These results provide evidence that CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells can manipulate the adaptive immune response in vivo through the infectious induction of tolerance, specifically by promoting the formation of antigen-specific, IL-10-secreting regulatory T cells.
<i>Arabidopsis</i> Bax inhibitor‐1 functions as an attenuator of biotic and abiotic types of cell death (2006)

Programmed cell death (PCD) is a common process in eukaryotes during development and in response to pathogens and stress signals. Bax inihibitor-1 (BI-1) is proposed to be a cell death suppressor that is conserved in both animals and plants, but the physiological importance of BI-1 and the impact of its loss of function in plants are still unclear. In this study, we identified and characterized two independent Arabidopsis mutants with a T-DNA insertion in the AtBI1 gene. The phenotype of atbi1-1 and atbi1-2, with a C-terminal missense mutation and a gene knockout, respectively, was indistinguishable from wild-type plants under normal growth conditions. However, these two mutants exhibit accelerated progression of cell death upon infiltration of leaf tissues with a PCD-inducing fungal toxin fumonisin B1 (FB1) and increased sensitivity to heat shock-induced cell death. Under these conditions, expression of AtBI1 mRNA was up-regulated in wild-type leaves prior to the activation of cell death, suggesting that increase of AtBI1 expression is important for basal suppression of cell death progression. Over-expression of AtBI1 transgene in the two homozygous mutant backgrounds rescued the accelerated cell death phenotypes. Together, our results provide direct genetic evidence for a role of BI-1 as an attenuator for cell death progression triggered by both biotic and abiotic types of cell death signals in Arabidopsis.
New asthma guidelines emphasize control, regular monitoring (2008)

Updated asthma care guidelines have recently been released. This review will focus on several elements in the third Expert Panel Report (EPR3) guidelines that reflect substantial differences from recommendations of the second EPR (EPR2) guidelines, issued in 1997 and updated in 2002. A major difference is the emphasis on asthma control. Asthma control can be assessed serially by the use of validated instruments. The goal of asthma therapy is to achieve asthma control by reducing current impairment and future risk. Recommendations for asthma pharmacotherapy have also been revised since the release of the updated EPR2 guidelines. The revisions in asthma management proposed in these guidelines offer the potential for improved asthma care outcomes in the United States.
Effects of flow contraction on evolution of turbulence (1984)

The effect of wind-tunnel contraction on turbulence intensity is discussed. It is shown that only small eddies decay through contraction in agreement with the classical prediction, whereas large eddies are found to be amplified with an increase in the mean flow velocity. The latter effect becomes appreciable for a flow contraction ratio greater than 4, which is in good agreement with observations.
Biological Activities of a-Pinene and β-Pinene Enantiomers (2012)

The antimicrobial activities of the isomers and enantiomers of pinene were evaluated against bacterial and fungal cells. The agar diffusion test showed that only the positive enantiomers of the α- and β-isomers of pinene were active. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal microbicidal concentration (MMC) of these monoterpenes were also determined, confirming that the positive enantiomers exhibited microbicidal activity against all fungi and bacteria tested with MICs ranging from 117 to 4,150 μg/mL. However, no antimicrobial activity was detected with the negative enantiomers up to 20 mg/mL. Time-kill curves showed that (+)-α-pinene and (+)-β-pinene were highly toxic to Candida albicans, killing 100% of inoculum within 60 min. By contrast, the bactericidal effect occurred after 6 h in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). In combination with commercial antimicrobials, ciprofloxacin plus (+)-α-pinene or (+)-β-pinene presented synergistic activity against MRSA whereas an indifferent effect against all fungi was detected when amphotericin B was combined with the positive enantiomers of pinene. The potential of (+)-α-pinene and (+)-β-pinene to inhibit phospholipase and esterase activities was also evaluated, and the best inhibition results were obtained with Cryptococcus neoformans. C. albicans biofilm formation was prevented with the MIC concentration of (+)-α-pinene and twice the MIC value of (+)-β-pinene. Finally, the cytotoxicity of the positive enantiomers of pinene to murine macrophages was evaluated, and 250 μg/mL of (+)-α-pinene and (+)-β-pinene reduced the cell viability to 66.8% and 57.7%, respectively.
Electrodeposited Memory Elements for a Nondestructive Memory (1960)

Nickel-iron films are being electrodeposited on to a wire substrate to form memory elements for a fast,nondestructive memory. By plating in the presence of a directed magnetic field, an anisotropy favoring circumferential orientation is established. Axial interrogation fields cause reversible rotations of less than 90°and produce output signals across the ends of the wire. The apparatus and techniques used to make this wire are discussed together with the rationale back of the design. The choice of alloy composition and the plating conditions strongly affect the results. The amount of stress in the deposit, the residual stress in the substrate,the control of precleaning of the substrate, the use of a suitable wetting agent, and the degree of stirring in the electrolyte appear as the vital factors in obtaining consistent results. Moderate fields (∼30 oersteds)applied during plating produce a preferred circumferential orientation with high anisotropy (HK/H0 = 3.0). Squareness ratio in the easy direction is 0.99. Output signals appear during the rise time of the interrogation pulse with an amplitude inversely related to the rise time and directly proportional to the length interrogated. Very fast switching with unusually high output signals per unit length are possible. Selective write in is possible with current margins of 3:1. Preliminary investigations indicate that it would be feasible to make plated wire on a production basis with properties suitable for memory applications.
Über die Chloride des zweiwertigen Molybdäns, Wolframs und Tantals. II. Mitteilung. Das 3‐Molybdän‐6‐chlorid und seine Derivate (1923)

Abstract Das Entstehungsoptimum des „Dichlorids”︁ Mo 3 Cl 6 aus Molybdän in einer dissoziierten Phosgenatmosphäre wurde zu 600–620° ermittelt. Phosgen konnte allerdings mit geringerem Erfolg durch Dämpfe anderer organischer Chlorverbindungen ersetzt werden.
A 2 GHz, 60V-class, SOI power LDMOSFET for base station applications (2004)

This paper describes the design of a SOI LDMOST suitable for 2GHz wireless base station power amplifiers. The device uses a split doping extended drain to achieve an optimized structure in terms of resistance, breakdown voltage and self-heating while minimizing Miller capacitance. Simulation indicates that the device features a cutoff frequency above 6GHz, a power gain of 26dB and a RF power density of 0.4 W per mm of channel width under class A operation.
Domains That Do Not Have a Nice Complementary Set of Rays (2005)

Abstract. We will introduce conditions which are sufficient to guarantee that a closed connected domain in R 2 that has a smooth boundary does not have a nice complementary set of rays. 1.
Collaborating for Improvement in Health Professions Education (1998)

Continual improvement efforts have been slower in health professions education than in health care delivery. This article identifies the lessons learned by teams working in an Interdisciplinary Professional Education Collaborative in overcoming barriers to carrying out continual improvement efforts in these educational organizations.
Verabschiedete Gesetze: Bericht über die 144. bis 145. Sitzungsperiode des Japanischen Parlaments (2001)

Der Beitrag gibt einen Uberblick uber die Verabschiedeten Gesetze der 154. Sitzungsperiode in folgenden Bereichen: Auswartige Angelegenheiten, Umwelt, Wirtschaft und Industrie, Gesundheit und Arbeit, Landwesen und Verkehr, Finanz- und Geldwesen, Recht und Justizwesen, Offentliche Verwaltung, Kabinettsamt, Landwirtschaft, Waldwesen und Fischerei, Erziehung, Kultur und Sport.
Low-Temperature Pre-Treatments in Vertical Epitaxial Reactor With Improved Vacuum Load-Lock Chamber (2006)

In the following, several low-temperature in-situ pre-treatments are studied using batch-type vertical epitaxial reactor with improved vacuum load-lock chamber. Interfacial residual oxygen after in-situ pre-treatments is measured by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). We found that interfacial oxygen can be reduced and high quality epitaxial growth is possible by low-temperature treatment with chlorine (Cl)-based-gas
Frontotemporal Dementia (1997)

The behavioral symptoms of FTD may improve after treatment with SSRIs. Future neurochemical studies and controlled pharmacologic trials may improve available treatments.
Waste activated sludge production of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal process (1997)

The effect of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal process (EBPR) on waste activated sludge (WAS) production and the type of phosphorus storage were investigated in two continuous‐flow activated‐sludge systems in a semitechnical scale. One of the plants was operated with the A/O ® process, whereas the other plant was operated in a conventional, fully aerobic mode and served as a control. By monitoring the elementary composition of the activated‐sludge solids in plant II and by using phosphorus fractionations, it was found that nearly all of the enhanced phosphorus removal was due to storage as polyphosphate (poly‐P). The additional uptake of phosphorus resulted in an increase of the inorganic sludge mass, which was determined to be 3.05 g suspended solids (SS)/g P using the results of the measurements of the nonvolatile solid fraction. This value was confirmed experimentally by the measurement of the difference between the WAS production of plant I and plant II. Based on the specific WAS production, an additional dry solids production of 3.14 g SS/g P was calculated. No indications for a significant difference of the organic sludge production between both plants were found, although the organic WAS production was slightly higher in experimental periods with a relatively high phosphorus content of the activated‐sludge solids of plant II.
Research on multi-robot system based on fuzzy Q-learning (2005)

Behavior learning in a multi-robot system is an approach which improves the adaptive ability of robots. In the behavior learning process of a robot, it is difficult to achieve a teaching signal for supervised learning, so reinforcement learning is attempted to deal with the behavior learning of a multi-robot system. Considering the longer learning process associated with reinforcement learning, fuzzy reason rules, which can represent human experience, are introduced to improve learning speed. Firstly, a relatively complete database of fuzzy rules for every behavior was set up for formation behavior of the robot. Then Q-learning was adopted to adjust the weighting factors of behavior fusion. Finally, column formation, line formation and diamond formation were taken as research background.Simulation results show the robots can freely move in the world with obstacles after learning for a while and various formations are kept better. The robots possess adaptation.
Fusion of radar and EO-sensors for surveillance (2000)

Fusion of radar and EO-sensors for the purpose of surveillance is investigated. All sensors are considered to be co-located with respect to file distance of the area under surveillance. More specifically, the applicability for such multi-sensor systems is examined for surveillance in littoral waters. The sensor suite is a coherent polarimetric radar in combination with a set of camera's sensitive in visible light, near infrared, mid infrared and far infrared. A so-called fuse while track algorithm is the best candidate for these dissimilar colocated and not necessarily synchronized sensors.
Chronic exposure to organophosphates: background and clinical picture (2000)

A male farmer in his forties from the Irish Republic was referred for an opinion on his mood swings and their possible relationship with organophosphate exposure. He had been regularly exposed to organophosphorus sheep dips for around 15 years prior to the assessment.
Synthesis and Mesomorphic Properties of the 3,5-Bis-Alkoxyphenyl-Pyrazoles and-Isoxazoles (1992)

Abstract The synthesis and measurement of physical properties using DSC, X-ray and optical methods are described for the 3,5-bis-(p-n-alkoxyphenyl)-pyrazole and 3,5-bis-(p-n-alkoxyphenyl)-isoxazole series with the carbon number of the n-alkylgroup from three to eight. The pyrazole series with longer n-alkylgroups (n = 6, 7, and 8) show the smectic A (SmA) as well as smectic C (SmC) phases. The corresponding isoxazole compounds show nematic (N) and also SmA phases. The compounds with shorter n-alkylgroups (n = 3, 4 and 5) show either nematic or SmA phases for both series respectively.
Supplementary Proof for “Exact and Approximate Construction of Digital Phase Modulations by Superposition of AMP” by P. A. Laurent (2005)

In this letter, we supplement the derivation in Laurent's paper by mathematically proving that combining binary continuous phase modulation (CPM) signals in different bit durations results in the decomposed CPM expression consisting of a set of continuous amplitude-modulated pulse functions.
5,5-Diphenylbarbituric Acid (1935)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT5,5-Diphenylbarbituric AcidS. M. McElvainCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1935, 57, 7, 1303–1304Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1935Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1935https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01310a040https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01310a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views71Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Extracorporeal Endotoxin Removal For The Treatment of Sepsis:Endotoxin Adsorption Cartridge (Toraymyxin) (2003)

Toray Industries Inc. has developed an endotoxin removal cartridge (Toraymyxin) composed of a polymyxin B immobilized, fibrous adsorbent. Toraymyxin has been listed as a blood purification medical device for endotoxin removal to be reimbursed by the Japanese national health insurance since 1994. Toraymyxin can be applied to patients with endotoxemia or suspected gram-negative infection, which fulfilll the conditions of Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) and have septic shock demanding vasopressor infusion. Since 1994, over 30,000 patients have received this treatment. The safety of this device has been confirmed and improvement of hemodynamic dysfunction has been shown to be a major benefit. Infection resulting from an acute abdominal condition requiring surgery has been shown to be one of the good indications for Toraymyxin. Further studies are now ongoing to establish Toraymyxin treatment as one of the options to treat sepsis and septic shock patients and to clarify the mechanisms involved in this therapy.
Using a fiber stretcher as a fast phase modulator in a continuous wave terahertz spectrometer (2012)

Continuous wave terahertz spectroscopy based on photomixing offers the attractive feature of detecting both amplitude and phase of the terahertz radiation. Experimentally, it is challenging to achieve sufficient accuracy at a high data acquisition rate. We use two fiber stretchers as fast phase modulators in a symmetric setup. Compared to a mechanical delay stage, the fiber stretchers are rather fast (≈1 kHz), which enables us to record a spectrum up to 1.8 THz with a step size of 1 GHz in only 10 min. We achieve a stability of the optical path difference of around 10 μm and use low-doped Si as an example to demonstrate the performance of our spectrometer.
A complexity measure (1976)

This paper describes a graph-theoretic complexity measure and illustrates how it can be used to manage and control program complexity. The paper first explains how the graph theory concepts apply and gives an intuitive explanation of the graph concepts in programming terms. The control graphs of several actual FORTRAN programs are then presented to illustrate the correlation between intuitive complexity and the graph theoretic complexity. Several properties of the graph-theoretic complexity are then proved which show, for example, that complexity is independent of physical size (adding or subtracting functional statements leaves complexity unchanged) and complexity depends only on the decision structure of a program.The issue of using non-structured control flow is also discussed. A characterization of non-structured control graphs is given and a method of measuring the “structuredness” of a program is developed. The relationship between structure and reducibility is illustrated with several examples.The last section of the paper deals with a testing methodology used in conjunction with the complexity measure; a testing strategy is defined that dictates that a program can either admit of a certain minimal testing level or the program can be structurally reduced.
Prevalence of White Matter Hyperintensity in Young Clinical Patients (2019)

<b>OBJECTIVE.</b> The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of white matter hyperintensity (WMH) without specific causes in young clinical outpatients. <b>MATERIALS AND METHODS.</b> A total of 1249 young clinical outpatients who underwent an unenhanced head MRI examination between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2016, were included in the study. The chi-square test was used to analyze differences in the prevalence and characteristics of WMH by sex, age, and history of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The prevalence of WMH among clinical patients with neurologic symptoms was also compared with that among participants without neurologic symptoms. Logistic regression was used to identify the patient characteristics that were the best predictors of WMH. <b>RESULTS.</b> The overall prevalence of WMH was 25.94% (324/1249). Most patients with WMH (85.49% [277/324]) had mild WMH, mainly in frontal and parietal subcortical white matter. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of WMH by sex (<i>p</i> > 0.05), but the prevalence of WMH was higher among older patients (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and patients with a history of CVD (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Compared with participants without neurologic symptoms, clinical patients with dizziness (<i>p</i> = 0.029) and light-headedness (<i>p</i> = 0.001) were more likely to have WMH, which was attributed to older age and CVD. Logistic regression analysis showed that age and CVD were the best predictors of WMH. <b>CONCLUSION.</b> WMH is frequently found in young clinical patients. Most WMH is the mild type and mainly located in frontal and parietal subcortical white matter. Older age and CVD are risk factors for WMH.
In vivo induction of dendritic cell-mediated cytotoxicity against allogeneic pancreatic carcinoma cells. (2003)

The objective of this study was to assess the toxicity and immunological response induced by autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with allogeneic tumor lysate in a pancreatic cancer patient. The lack of available tumor peptides in pancreatic cancer strongly supports the idea to use allogeneic tumor cells as a source of antigens. The patient suffering from a stage IV pancreatic cancer received 1-2x10(7) autologous monocyte-derived DCs in three-week intervals injected into a groin lymph node. Monocytes from peripheral blood were isolated by magnetic bead selection. For the first ten vaccinations DCs were loaded with autologous tumor cell lysate obtained during surgical exploration. After consumption of the autologous lysate, equal numbers of DCs were pulsed with lysate of the tumor cell line AsPc-1 and BxPc-3 for a further five vaccinations. Peripheral mononuclear cells (PMNCs) were harvested after the seventh and compared with PMNCs obtained after the fourteenth vaccination for immunological response. Delayed type hypersensitivity reactivity to DCs pulsed with autologous and allogeneic tumor lysate was also assessed. The patient received a total of fifteen vaccinations. There was no toxicity or evidence of autoimmunity observed. Delayed type hypersensitivity was found to be positive for the autologous as well as the allogeneic tumor lysate pulsed DCs. in vitro cytotoxicity assays demonstrated a dramatic increase of the PMNC killing capacity against the pancreatic cancer cell lines AsPc-1 and BxPc-3 after the fourteenth compared to the seventh vaccination. CT scans revealed a stable disease for six months. The administration of autologous DCs pulsed with allogeneic tumor lysate is non-toxic and suitable for inducing an immunological anti-tumor response. Even though this study was confined to a single patient, the data might open a door for novel immunotherapeutical strategies.