gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Crosslinking of collagen (1965)

Abstract It has been shown that the introduction of a few stable crosslinks into the skin protein can greatly increase the resistance of the leather to deterioration by moist heat and perspiration. A method based on stress‐strain measurements has been developed for the determination of the number of crosslinks introduced into collagen, and a study made of the crosslinking potentialities of a number of bifunctional and polyfunctional compounds. Aldehydes appear to be most promising, cyanuric chloride and its derivatives also offer possibilities, while di‐isocyanates are relatively inefficient due mainly to their low solubility in and sensitivity to water. Of the aldehydes, glutaraldehyde and acrolein were the most efficient both with respect to the number of crosslinks introduced and their stability. Leathers tanned with glutaraldehyde show good resistance in moist heat and perspiration tests and pretannage or retannage of chrome leather with this aldehyde greatly improves its resistance.
Recommendations for the management of galactosaemia   Commentary (1999)

There is controversy about certain aspects involving the detection, outcome, and management of galactosaemia.1 2The relative rarity of the disorder and lack of prospective studies have made it difficult for paediatricians to base their advice to parents and their management of patients on good clinical evidence. The UK Galactosaemia Steering Group was established in 1994 to address these problems. It is now maintained by the research division of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health. The primary aim of this steering group is to set up a national register of all cases of galactosaemia and to obtain detailed prospective longitudinal data.

Having established this register it has become apparent that the management of galactosaemia varies widely. Patients are seen in many centres within the UK, both specialist and non-specialist. We believe it would be helpful for clinicians involved in their care to have recommendations for management based on currently available information. The recommendations represent a consensus view of the steering group. Those for the treatment of hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism in galactosaemia have been agreed with the British Society for Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes.

Classic galactosaemia is caused by an inherited deficiency of the enzyme galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase.3Incidence in the UK is approximately 1:45 000 live births; most patients are either homozygous or heterozygous for the Q188R mutation.4-6 Classic galactosaemia most often presents in the neonatal period with life threatening illness. Excluding galactose from the diet combined with supportive care is essential to treat this acute illness and prevent further deterioration. Galactose restriction throughout life is necessary to stop recurrence of severe toxicity. However, early diagnosis and appropriate dietary treatment does not prevent long term complications including cognitive dysfunction, which may worsen with age, and gonadal dysfunction in female patients.7 Recent evidence suggests that there is …
Modulation Of Mutagenesis By Deoxyribonucleotide Levels (1991)

We have made rapid progress in recent years in identifying the genetic causes of many human diseases. However, despite this recent progress, our mechanistic understanding of these diseases is often incomplete. This is a problem because it limits our ...Read More
Influence of Structure on the Spectroscopic Properties of the Polymorphs of Piroxicam (2010)

The complete (13)C NMR chemical-shift tensors for the carbon sites of the two polymorphic forms (P(I) and P(II)) and the monohydrate form (PM) of the analgesic drug, piroxicam, are reported. The NMR parameters (isotropic chemical shifts, chemical-shielding anisotropies and asymmetries, and dipolar couplings), X-ray powder diffraction, and density functional calculations of piroxicam are analyzed in terms of hydrogen bonding and structure. The integration of all the data gives an improved model of the local solid-state structures of the polymorphs. In particular, the solid-state NMR spectra demonstrate that the asymmetric unit of the monohydrate, PM, contains two zwitterionic piroxicam molecules.
The X-band sub-array building block for active scalable array antenna (2011)

This paper presents an X-band multifunction, wideband and wide-angle scan sub-array building block (SBB) used in active scalable array antenna (ASAA). The configuration and development of the SBB and its key components are introduced in detail. The SBB has excellence extensibility of performance and structure, can be a fundamental radar element of scalable phased-array radar architecture to construct ASAA of varying size.
Dynamics of Borrelia burgdorferi Transmission by Nymphal Ixodes dammini Ticks (1993)

Groups of 25-30 nymphal Ixodes dammini infected with Borrelia burgdorferi fed on mice for 36, 42, or 48 h. Only 1 (7%) of 14 mice exposed for 36 h became infected as did 3 (25%) of 12 mice exposed for 42 h and 6 (75%) of 8 mice exposed for 48 h. The minimum transmission rate calculation for ticks attached for 36 h was 0.5%; for 42 h, 1.5%; and for 48 h, 5.8%. Homogenates derived from nonfed "flat" nymphs or nymphs fed for 12 h were not infectious to mice. Homogenates derived from nymphs attached for 24 h, however, infected 20% of inoculated mice; homogenates derived from ticks attached for > or = 36 h infected > or = 80% of inoculated mice. Incubation of nonfed ticks at 37 degrees C did not produce infectious homogenates. The ID50 for low-passage JD1 strain spirochetes in 3-week-old mice was 2.69 x 10(3) spirochetes.
REVIEWS VALÉRYPAUL: Poems in the Rough. Translated by CORKEHILARY. With an introduction by NADALOCTAVE. (The Collected Works of Paul Valéry, vol. 2, ed. MathewsJackson). London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. 1970. xxix + 323 pp. £4.20. (1971)

Journal Article REVIEWS Get access PAUL VALÉRY: Poems in the Rough. Translated by HILARY CORKE. With an introduction by OCTAVE NADAL. (The Collected Works of Paul Valéry, vol. 2, ed. Jackson Mathews). London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. 1970. xxix + 323 pp. £4.20. CHRISTINE M. CROW CHRISTINE M. CROW ST ANDREWS Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar French Studies, Volume XXV, Issue 4, October 1971, Pages 485–486, https://doi.org/10.1093/fs/XXV.4.485 Published: 01 October 1971
Effects of the α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Agonist Gts-21 on the Innate Immune Response in Humans (2011)

The vagus nerve can reflexively attenuate the innate immune response via binding of the vagal neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) to the α7 nicotinic ACh receptor (α7nAChR). We recently reported potent anti-inflammatory effects of the α7nAChR agonist GTS-21 in human leukocytes. In the present work, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of GTS-21 on the innate immune response during experimental human endotoxemia. We performed a double-blind placebo-controlled pilot study in 14 healthy nonsmoking male volunteers. Subjects received 150 mg GTS-21 (n = 7) or placebo (n = 7) orally three times per day during 3 days before endotoxin administration and on the day of the human endotoxemia experiment. This GTS-21 dosage scheme is the highest reported to be safe in humans. Subsequently, subjects were i.v. administered 2 ng/kg endotoxin (LPS derived from Escherichia coli O:113). Serial blood withdrawals were performed to determine GTS-21 plasma concentrations and inflammatory mediators. Plasma concentrations of GTS-21 and its active metabolite 4-OH-GTS-21 were highly variable between subjects. LPS administration resulted in a transient inflammatory response. There were no differences in the LPS-induced cytokine response between the GTS-21- and placebo-treated groups. However, within the GTS-21-treated group, higher GTS-21 plasma concentrations correlated with lower levels of TNF-α (r = -0.78, P = 0.03), IL-6 (r = -0.76, P = 0.04), and IL-1RA (r = -0.86, P = 0.01), but not IL-10 (r = -0.35, P = 0.25). In conclusion, although higher GTS-21 plasma concentrations significantly correlated with lower cytokine levels, the highest dose tested to be safe in humans did not result in significant differences in inflammatory mediators between the GTS-21- and placebo-treated groups.
Mutual Image-Based Authentication Framework with JPEG2000 in Wireless Environment (2006)

Currently, together with the development of wireless connectivity, the need for a reliable and user-friendly authentication system becomes always more important. New applications, as e-commerce or home banking, require a strong level of protection, allowing for verification of legitimate users' identity and enabling the user to distinguis trusted servers from shadow ones. A novel framework for image-based authentication (IBA) is then proposed and evaluated. In order to provide mutual authentication, the proposed method integrates an IBA password technique with a challenge-response scheme based on a shared secret key for image scrambling. The wireless environment is mainly addressed by the proposed system, which tries to overcome the severe constraints on security, data transmission capability, and user friendliness imposed by such environment. In order to achieve such results, the system offers a strong solution for authentication, taking into account usability and avoiding the need for hardware upgrades. Data and application scalability is provided through the JPEG2000 standard and JPIP framework.
Implementation of Porous Media Formulation for Geomaterials (2001)

The mechanical behavior of saturated geomaterials is largely governed by the interaction of the solid skeleton with the fluids present in the pore structure. Traditional geotechnical analyses, commonly based on simplified effective stress theories, fail to fully describe the behavior of saturated porous materials. Hence, it has become necessary to use more robust and complete formulations. In this context, the use of multiphase theories appears to be an alternative and more appropriate approach. In this work, the governing equations of a porous media interacting with immiscible porous fluids are presented in the light of the theory of mixtures. A generalized Galekin procedure is devised to establish the coupled mixed finite-element equation set with u-p-U form. An unconditionally stable implicit solution procedure is used for the time domain numerical solution. Finally, a recently developed constitutive model based on the fuzzy set plasticity concept is described and implemented in the finite-element tool. A companion paper focuses on applications of this theory, and case studies are used to evaluate the proposed formulation.
<i>s</i>‐Triazinthione, III. Umsetzung von Amidino‐Verbindungen mit Äthoxycarbonylsenföl (1971)

Abstract Äthoxycarbonyl‐isothiocyanat reagiert mit Amidinen, Isoharnstoffen, Isothioharnstoffen und Guanidinen unter Abspaltung von Äthanol in meist guter Ausbeute zu Oxo‐triazin‐thionen der Formel 1 .
Quantum Holographic Teleportation of Light Fields (2000)

We describe a continious variable teleportation scheme that allows to teleport the quantum state of distributed in space-time multimode electromagnetic field. Our teleportation protocol uses the spatially-multimode entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen lihgt beams. We evaluate the "resolving power" of teleportation in space-time and specify the degrees of freedom of electromagnetic field whose quantum state can be effectively teleported. We call this scheme "quantum holographic teleportation" because it can be considered as an extension of conventional holography to quantum domain.
Continuous infusion of furosemide in the treatment of patients with congestive heart failure and diuretic resistance (1994)

Continuous infusion of F under careful monitoring of the patient is a safe, controllable and efficient treatment in patients with severe congestive heart failure and diuretic resistance.
The Subtle Balance between Lipolysis and Lipogenesis: A Critical Point in Metabolic Homeostasis (2015)

Excessive accumulation of lipids can lead to lipotoxicity, cell dysfunction and alteration in metabolic pathways, both in adipose tissue and peripheral organs, like liver, heart, pancreas and muscle. This is now a recognized risk factor for the development of metabolic disorders, such as obesity, diabetes, fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The causes for lipotoxicity are not only a high fat diet but also excessive lipolysis, adipogenesis and adipose tissue insulin resistance. The aims of this review are to investigate the subtle balances that underlie lipolytic, lipogenic and oxidative pathways, to evaluate critical points and the complexities of these processes and to better understand which are the metabolic derangements resulting from their imbalance, such as type 2 diabetes and non alcoholic fatty liver disease.
RSV Vaccine-Enhanced Disease Is Orchestrated by the Combined Actions of Distinct CD4 T Cell Subsets (2015)

There is no currently licensed vaccine for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) despite being the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children. Children previously immunized with a formalin-inactivated RSV (FI-RSV) vaccine exhibited enhanced respiratory disease following natural RSV infection. Subsequent studies in animal models have implicated roles for CD4 T cells, eosinophils and non-neutralizing antibodies in mediating enhanced respiratory disease. However, the underlying immunological mechanisms responsible for the enhanced respiratory disease and other disease manifestations associated with FI-RSV vaccine-enhanced disease remain unclear. We demonstrate for the first time that while CD4 T cells mediate all aspects of vaccine-enhanced disease, distinct CD4 T cell subsets orchestrate discrete and specific disease parameters. A Th2-biased immune response, but not eosinophils specifically, was required for airway hyperreactivity and mucus hypersecretion. In contrast, the Th1-associated cytokine TNF-α was necessary to mediate airway obstruction and weight loss. Our data demonstrate that individual disease manifestations associated with FI-RSV vaccine-enhanced disease are mediated by distinct subsets of CD4 T cells.
Single Document Keyphrase Extraction Using Sentence Clustering and Latent Dirichlet Allocation (2010)

International audience
On the search for industry-relevant regression testing research (2019)

Regression testing is a means to assure that a change in the software, or its execution environment, does not introduce new defects. It involves the expensive undertaking of rerunning test cases. Several techniques have been proposed to reduce the number of test cases to execute in regression testing, however, there is no research on how to assess industrial relevance and applicability of such techniques. We conducted a systematic literature review with the following two goals: firstly, to enable researchers to design and present regression testing research with a focus on industrial relevance and applicability and secondly, to facilitate the industrial adoption of such research by addressing the attributes of concern from the practitioners’ perspective. Using a reference-based search approach, we identified 1068 papers on regression testing. We then reduced the scope to only include papers with explicit discussions about relevance and applicability (i.e. mainly studies involving industrial stakeholders). Uniquely in this literature review, practitioners were consulted at several steps to increase the likelihood of achieving our aim of identifying factors important for relevance and applicability. We have summarised the results of these consultations and an analysis of the literature in three taxonomies, which capture aspects of industrial-relevance regarding the regression testing techniques. Based on these taxonomies, we mapped 38 papers reporting the evaluation of 26 regression testing techniques in industrial settings.
[Study on purification of total flavonoids and saponins of Astragalus with macroporous resin]. (2010)

It is a reliable and accurate method for development and industrial production of compound drug containing Astragalus.
The therapeutic potential of flavonoids (2000)

Four most widely investigated flavonoids, flavopiridol, catechins, genistein and quercetin are reviewed in this article. Flavopiridol is a novel semisynthetic flavone analogue of rohitukine, a leading anticancer compound from an Indian tree. Flavopiridol inhibits most cyclin-dependent kinases and displays unique anticancer properties. It is the first cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor to be tested in Phase II clinical trials. Catechin and its gallate are major ingredients in green tea and their anti-oxidant and cancer preventive effects have been widely investigated. A Phase I study of green tea extract GTE-TP91 has been conducted in adult patients with solid tumours. Similarly, genistein is a major ingredient in soybean and has been shown to prevent cancer and have antitumour, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Two antibody-genistein conjugates, B43-genistein and EGF-genistein, are currently in clinical development for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and breast cancer, respectively. Finally, most recent updates of quercetin are briefly described.
SIMLAB-a simulation environment for storage area networks (2002)

In this paper we present a simulation environment for storage area networks called SIMLAB. SIMLAB is a part of the PRESTO project, which is a joint project of the Electrical Engineering Department and the Computer Science Department of the Paderborn University. The aim of the PRESTO project is to construct a scalable and resource-efficient storage network that can support the real-time delivery of data. SIMLAB has been implemented to aid the development and verification of distributed algorithms for this storage network. However, it has been designed in such a way that it can also be used for the simulation of many other types of networking problems. SIMLAB is based on C++ and common libraries and input/output formats, which ensures that SIMLAB can be used on many different platforms. We therefore expect SIMLAB to be useful also for other people working on similar problems.
Haptics in Kiosks and ATMs for the Disabled (2013)

Current information kiosks and ATMs are designed to facilitate users by providing a single modal interaction approach. They are generally accessed and operated via a small touch screen and a basic numberpad. Considering that most Information kiosks and ATMs are located in conjested and low lit areas, it becomes a usability challenge for users to operate such machines. As such kiosks become more and more complex and multifaceted their usability begins to fall considerably, even for experienced users. In this situation we see that disabled users, who often require the services of such kiosks the most, are facing serious accessability issues which limit, and in some cases outrite restrict the usage of such machines. For much of this evalution of IKs and ATMs, the disabled users accessability and usability concerns have gone unheard, giving raise to a technology bias and hence the current form of such machines, where touch screen are quickly replacing all mechanical buttons and keypads The impact of this evalution has left scaring effects for most disabled users. This research aims to understand the gap created by the advancements in IKs and ATMs, and provide a working design using a multimodal approach to bridge this gap. The reseach also tries to explore some of the on going efforts to design and implement IKs and ATMs for the disabled as well as some commercial products which have surfaced to facilitate the target users.\n\nAsiasanat:Haptics, HCI, HUI
Spatial Ecology of Bacteria at the Microscale in Soil (2014)

Despite an exceptional number of bacterial cells and species in soils, bacterial diversity seems to have little effect on soil processes, such as respiration or nitrification, that can be affected by interactions between bacterial cells. The aim of this study is to understand how bacterial cells are distributed in soil to better understand the scaling between cell-to-cell interactions and what can be measured in a few milligrams, or more, of soil. Based on the analysis of 744 images of observed bacterial distributions in soil thin sections taken at different depths, we found that the inter-cell distance was, on average 12.46 µm and that these inter-cell distances were shorter near the soil surface (10.38 µm) than at depth (>18 µm), due to changes in cell densities. These images were also used to develop a spatial statistical model, based on Log Gaussian Cox Processes, to analyse the 2D distribution of cells and construct realistic 3D bacterial distributions. Our analyses suggest that despite the very high number of cells and species in soil, bacteria only interact with a few other individuals. For example, at bacterial densities commonly found in bulk soil (10(8) cells g(-1) soil), the number of neighbours a single bacterium has within an interaction distance of ca. 20 µm is relatively limited (120 cells on average). Making conservative assumptions about the distribution of species, we show that such neighbourhoods contain less than 100 species. This value did not change appreciably as a function of the overall diversity in soil, suggesting that the diversity of soil bacterial communities may be species-saturated. All in all, this work provides precise data on bacterial distributions, a novel way to model them at the micrometer scale as well as some new insights on the degree of interactions between individual bacterial cells in soils.
Beginning OpenVPN 2.0.9 : build and integrate virtual private networks using OpenVPN (2009)

This book is an easy introduction to OpenVPN. While providing only necessary theoretical background, it takes a practical approach, presenting plenty of examples. It is written in a friendly style making this complex topic easy and a joy to read. It first covers basic VPN concepts, then moves to introduce basic OpenVPN configurations, before covering advanced uses of OpenVPN. This book is for both experienced and new OpenVPN users. If you are interested in security and privacy in the internet, or want to have your notebook or mobile phone connected safely to the internet, the server in your company, or at home, you will find this book useful. It presumes basic knowledge of Linux, but no knowledge of VPNs is required.
Growth and reproduction of <i>Daphnia galeata</i> in response to changes in fatty acids, phosphorus, and nitrogen in <i>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</i> (1997)

The importance of changes in elemental and fatty acid composition of the algal food for Daphnia galeata was investigated. The green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was grown under nitrogen or phosphorus limitation to modify its elemental and biochemical composition. Both N‐ and P‐limited algae exhibited similar fatty acid compositions but differed from algae grown under N and P saturation. Nutrient limitation of algae caused the amounts of saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated, and diunsaturated fatty acids to increase, but those of polyunsaturated fatty acids to decrease markedly. Life‐history experiments with D. galeata, carried out to examine the effects of the varying N and P regimes to the food quality of Chlamydomonas, revealed that N‐limited and N+P‐saturated algae were of a comparable quality. In contrast, P‐limited alga was a very poor food; that is, both population growth and somatic growth rate were much lower than with N‐ and N+P‐saturated algae. Differences of algal fatty acid composition did not explain the differences in algal food quality as N+P‐saturated and N‐limited Chlamydomonas were both similar in quality despite differences in fatty acid composition. P limitation of daphnid growth is more consistent with the observed differences in growth and reproduction. The low growth rates of the daphnids when fed P‐limited alga, however, may also be a result of indirect effects because P limitation may induce changes in algal morphology or biochemical compounds other than fatty acids.