gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel voltage-controlled grounded resistor (1989)

The letter presents a new tunable grounded resistor in which a single MOS transistor, operating in the triode region, is linearised via feedback of the drain/source potentials to the gate terminal. Preliminary simulation results show that a biquadratic section realised using the proposed resistor would exhibit less than 0.4% total harmonic distortion (THD) for input signals of 1 Vpp, increasing to 1% for 4 Vpp inputs.
Sleep pattern disruption of flight attendants operating on the Asia - Pacific route (2011)

Jet lag is a common issue with flight attendants in international\nflights, as they have to cross several time zones back and forth, while their\nsleep patterns get disrupted by the legally required rest times between\nflights, which are normally carried out at different locations. This research\naimed to investigate the sleep quality of a sample of flight attendants\noperating between New Zealand and Asia. Twenty flight attendants were\nsurveyed in this research. The research found that flight attendants typically\ntook a nap immediately after arriving into New Zealand, reporting a sound\nsleep time of about 6 hours. After the nap, however, they had problems\nfalling sleep in subsequent nights. After their first nap, some flight\nattendants try to adapt to local light conditions, while others prefer to keep\nthe sleep patterns they had back home. Both groups report different trends\nof sleep quality.
Functional Testing of Microprocessors (1984)

This paper presents a new and systematic method to generate tests for microprocessors. A functional level model for the microprocessor is used and it is represented by a reduced graph. A new and comprehensive model of the instruction execution process is developed. Various types of faults are analyzed and it is shown that with the use of appropriate codewords all faults can be classified into three types. This gives rise to a systematic procedure to generate tests which is independent of the microprocessor implementation details. Tests are given to detect faults in any microprocessor, first for the READ register instructions, and then for the remaining instructions. These tests can be executed by the microprocessor in a self-test mode, thus dispensing with the need for an external tester.
An efficient and rapid regeneration via multiple shoot induction from mature seed derived embryogenic and organogenic callus of Indian maize (<i>Zea mays</i>L.) (2013)

An efficient method for in vitro micro propagation and genetic transformation of plants are crucial for both basic and applied research. Maize is one of the most important cereal crops around the world. Regeneration from immature embryo is hampered due to its unavailability round the year. On the contrary mature embryo especially tropical maize is recalcitrant toward tissue culture. Here we report a highly efficient regeneration (90%) system for maize by using 2 different approaches i.e., embryogenic and organogenic callus cultures. Seeds were germinated on MS medium supplemented with 5 mg/l 2,4-D and 3 mg/l BAP. Nodal regions of 2 wks old seedlings were longitudinally split upon isolation and subsequently placed on callus initiation medium. The maximum frequency of embryogenic callus formation (90%) was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/l 2,4-D and 1 mg/l BAP in the dark conditions. The compact granular organogenic callus formation (85% frequency) was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 2.5 mg/l 2,4-D and 1.5 mg/l BAP at light conditions. MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/l BAP, 1 mg/l Kinetin and 0.5 mg/l NAA promoted the highest frequency of shoot induction. The highest frequency of root formation was observed when shoots were grown on MS medium. The regenerated plants were successfully hardened in earthen pots after adequate acclimatization. The important advantage of this improved method is shortening of regeneration time by providing an efficient and rapid regeneration tool for obtaining more stable transformants from mature seeds of Indian tropical maize cultivar (HQPM-1).
Discovering Surprising Instances of Simpson's Paradox in Hierarchical Multidimensional Data (2006)

This paper focuses on the discovery of surprising unexpected patterns based on a data mining method that consists of detecting instances of Simpson’s paradox. By its very nature, instances of this paradox tend to be surprising to the user. Previous work in the literature has proposed an algorithm for discovering instances of that paradox, but it addressed only flat data stored in a single relation. This work proposes a novel algorithm that considerably extends that previous work by discovering instances of Simpson’s paradox in hierarchical multidimensional data — the kind of data typically found in data warehouse and OLAP environments. Hence, the proposed algorithm can be regarded as integrating the areas of data mining and data warehousing by using an adapted data mining technique to discover surprising patterns from data warehouse and OLAP environments.
Neuroimaging Insights into the Pathophysiology of Sleep Disorders (2008)

Neuroimaging methods can be used to investigate whether sleep disorders are associated with specific changes in brain structure or regional activity. However, it is still unclear how these new data might improve our understanding of the pathophysiology underlying adult sleep disorders. Here we review functional brain imaging findings in major intrinsic sleep disorders (i.e., idiopathic insomnia, narcolepsy, and obstructive sleep apnea) and in abnormal motor behavior during sleep (i.e., periodic limb movement disorder and REM sleep behavior disorder). The studies reviewed include neuroanatomical assessments (voxel-based morphometry, magnetic resonance spectroscopy), metabolic/functional investigations (positron emission tomography, single photon emission computed tomography, functional magnetic resonance imaging), and ligand marker measurements. Based on the current state of the research, we suggest that brain imaging is a useful approach to assess the structural and functional correlates of sleep impairments as well as better understand the cerebral consequences of various therapeutic approaches. Modem neuroimaging techniques therefore provide a valuable tool to gain insight into possible pathophysiological mechanisms of sleep disorders in adult humans.
Anastigmatic catadioptric telescopes (1975)

A conic mirror and an afocal achromatic refractive corrector located at the proximate geometrical focus of the conic define a family of anastigmatic telescopes of which the Schmidt telescope is a special member. In general, the corrector must consist of at least two elements whose surfaces can be spherical. Equations are given for the third-order design of thin two-element correctors. A solution that satisfies the condition of minimum higher-order aberrations is given for a corrector for a paraboloidal mirror. An example is given of a trigonometrically corrected paraboloidal-mirror anastigmat, and its aberrations are discussed. Conic-mirror anastigmats with mirrors of eccentricity e ~ 1 are a potentially valuable class of telescopes that merit consideration by the astronomical community.
Usefulness of three additional electrocardiographic chest leads (V7, V8, and V9) in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. (1978)

Additional electrocardiocardiographic chest leads (V7, V8, and V9) were used in 117 persons consecutively admitted to a coronary care unit. Among the 46 (39%) with a proven acute myocardial infarction the electrocardiograms (ECGs) of 9 (20%) showed ST-segment elevation or abnormal Q-waves, or both, in the three additional leads. In six of the nine, such changes were associated with signs of anterolateral or inferior wall infarction (in three each) on the standard 12-lead ECG, but in the other three (7% of the 46) electrocardiographic changes diagnostic of acute myocardial infarction were found only on the additional chest leads; the last three had characteristic changes in serum enzyme concentrations. This study showed that additional chest leads are helpful in detecting myocardial injury of necrosis in areas of the heart not properly reflected on the standard 12-lead ECG.
An efficient filtering technique for super-graph query processing (2010)

Recently, a lot of applications depend on data modeled by graphs. Efficient query processing over graph databases serves these applications. Having a graph query q, super-graph query processing finds all the graphs g in a database of graphs D where g is contained in q (gsubeq). Because graph databases contain a lot of graphs and because sub-graph isomorphic tests are NP-complete, an indexing-based technique should be adopted. In this paper we propose an efficient technique for processing supergraph queries. The technique consists of an index called eIndex and a query processing algorithm. Given a query graph, the database is filtered to generate candidate graphs. While filtering, the proposed technique takes into consideration the full structure of the database graphs besides considering the frequent fragments. Through polynomial time algorithms, the proposed technique reduces the subgraph isomorphism tests required for query processing and hence the total processing time is reduced. The results show that building eIndex takes much less time and space than other methods.
Antitumorigenic Effect of Wnt 7a and Fzd 9 in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Cells Is Mediated through ERK-5-dependent Activation of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor γ (2006)

The Wnt pathway is critical for normal development, and mutation of specific components is seen in carcinomas of diverse origins. The role of this pathway in lung tumorigenesis has not been clearly established. Recent studies from our laboratory indicate that combined expression of the combination of Wnt 7a and Frizzled 9 (Fzd 9) in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) cell lines inhibits transformed growth. We have also shown that increased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) inhibits transformed growth of NSCLC and promotes epithelial differentiation of these cells. The goal of this study was to determine whether the effects of Wnt 7a/Fzd 9 were mediated through PPARgamma. We found that Wnt 7a and Fzd 9 expression led to increased PPARgamma activity. This effect was not mediated by altered expression of the protein. Wnt 7a and Fzd 9 expression resulted in activation of ERK5, which was required for PPARgamma activation in NSCLC. SR 202, a known PPARgamma inhibitor, blocked the increase in PPARgamma activity and restored anchorage-independent growth in NSCLC expressing Wnt 7a and Fzd 9. SR 202 also reversed the increase in E-cadherin expression mediated by Wnt 7a and Fzd 9. These data suggest that ERK5-dependent activation of PPARgamma represents a major effector pathway mediating the anti-tumorigenic effects of Wnt 7a and Fzd 9 in NSCLC.
Alzheimer's disease-related alterations in synaptic density: Neocortex and hippocampus (2006)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive disorder that is characterized by the accumulation of neuropathologic lesions and neurochemical alterations. Ultrastructural investigations in many association regions of the neocortex and the hippocampal dentate gyrus have demonstrated a disease-related decline in numerical synaptic density. This decline in brain connectivity occurs early in the disease process and strongly correlates with the cognitive decline observed in AD. The synapse loss does not appear to be an inevitable consequence of the aging process. This article reviews the ultrastructural studies assessing AD-related synaptic loss and the possible compensatory changes in the synaptic complex that occur as a result of the loss in brain connectivity.
Social Network Analysis For Organizations (1979)

This article introduces the social network approach — its origins, key concepts, and methods. We argue for its use in organizational settings and apply the network approach in a comparative analysis of two organizations.
‘The piety of the gift’: Selfhood and sociality in the Egyptian Mosque Movement (2011)

This article asks what is achieved in Muslim piety movements in Cairo by reciting, listening to and discussing the Quran, by sermonizing, and by mutual moral exhortation and admonishment. I argue that what is at stake for Egyptian pietists is not only self-formation (the Foucauldian perspective privileged by Mahmood 2005), but also the achievement of a non-secular sociality. For participants in the movement, virtue is constituted primarily through social exchange and interaction (mu‘aamalaat) rather than simply through worship (‘ibaadaat) or ritual practices that discipline the self. This suggests the need to go beyond Foucauldian conceptions of ethics as self-formation. In order to understand the sociality of the contemporary piety movements in Egypt analysed by Mahmood (2005) and Hirschkind (2006), I propose a metaphor borrowed from economic anthropology: the ‘gift economy’. I characterize contemporary Egyptian piety movements as gift economies by reference to the circulation of words rather than material goods. The advantages of the ‘words as gifts’ metaphor are threefold. First, it emphasizes the way in which virtue, for Egyptian pietists, is constituted through transaction and exchange rather than through individual worship. Second, it directs attention to the ideology of language in Egyptian piety movements, whereby ethical communities form around and through the efficacy of the Quran and language that recalls the example of Prophet Muhammad. Third, it reflects the way in which urban piety movements in Egypt constitute themselves in conscious opposition to a notion of secularism (‘almana) which is associated with a commodity economy of goods, words and images experienced as morally and socially corrosive.
Development of a Helicopter Vortex Ring State Warning System Through a Moving Map Display Computer (1999)

The need for improved pilot aids has become a high priority item for pilots and aircrews operating at sea and ashore. Pilot aids such as the moving map display, GPWS, collision, and vortex ring state (VRS) warning systems will significantly enhance aircrew situational awareness and safety. Many more of today's aircraft mishaps are a result of pilot error, which includes a loss of situational awareness. The moving map display provides relatively easy incorporation of sophisticated pilot aids without operational flight program (OFP) modification. This thesis discusses, examines and selects a vortex ring state prediction algorithm to be incorporated in the GADGHT unit. A program was written that manipulated required aircraft performance data from the ARINC 429 data bus and compared this data to vortex ring state boundaries predicted by the algorithm. The GADGHT unit provides an audible and visual warning to the pilots when the aircraft has penetrated the VRS boundaries. This warning system will provide increased safety and situational awareness to helicopter crews operating in increasingly demanding 0perational environments
Ozone decomposition in water studied by pulse radiolysis. 1. HO_2/O_2 and HO_3/O_3 as intermediates (1984)

Etude par radiolyse pulsee du mecanisme de decomposition en chaine, dans l'eau, de O 3 par OH ou O 2 − . Mise en jeu d'especes transitoires O 3 − et HO 3 (λ max =430±10 nm, et 350±20 nm). Constantes de vitesse des etapes elementaires
Neurokinin 3 Receptor-Expressing Neurons in the Median Preoptic Nucleus Modulate Heat-Dissipation Effectors in the Female Rat (2015)

KNDy neurons facilitate tail skin vasodilation and modulate the effects of estradiol on thermoregulation. We hypothesize that KNDy neurons influence cutaneous vasodilation via projections to neurons in the median preoptic nucleus (MnPO) that express the neurokinin 3 receptor (NK3R). In support of this hypothesis, focal microinjections of senktide, an NK3R agonist, into the MnPO lowers core temperature (TCORE) in the female rat. To further study the role of MnPO NK3R neurons in thermoregulation, these neurons were specifically ablated using a conjugate of a selective NK3R agonist and saporin (NK3-SAP). NK3-SAP or blank-SAP (control) was injected into the MnPO/medial septum. Tail skin temperature (TSKIN) and TCORE were measured in ovariectomized rats exposed to 3 ambient temperatures (TAMBIENT) before and after estradiol-17β (E2) treatment. Before killing, we injected senktide (sc), monitored TCORE for 70 minutes, and harvested brains for Fos immunohistochemistry. Ablation of MnPO NK3R neurons lowered TSKIN at neutral and subneutral TAMBIENT regardless of E2 treatment. However, ablation did not prevent the effects of E2 on TCORE and TSKIN. In control rats, senktide injections induced hypothermia with numerous Fos-immunoreactive cells in the MnPO. In contrast, in NK3-SAP rats, senktide did not alter TCORE and minimal Fos-immunoreactive neurons were identified in the MnPO. These data show that NK3R neurons in the MnPO are required for the hypothermic effects of senktide but not for the E2 modulation of thermoregulation. The lower TSKIN in NK3-SAP-injected rats suggests that MnPO NK3R neurons, like KNDy neurons, facilitate cutaneous vasodilation, an important heat-dissipation effector.
Inhibition of flowering in vivo by existing fruits and applied growth regulators in <i>Citrus unshiu</i> (1986)

In the Satsuma mandarin ( Citrus unshiu Marc.) the presence of the fruit results in a gradual inhibition of flowering and of bud sprouting. This inhibitory effect starts several months before the onset of the winter rest period and lasts until the end of the accumulation of carotenoids in the fruit peel, more than one month after the completion of fruit growth. During all this time and until natural bud sprouting, flowering and bud sprouting are inhibited by exogenous gibberellic acid. Peak responses to this growth regulator coincide with periods of maximal rates of flowering inhibition by the fruit. Kinetin and abscisic acid, applied at the time of peak response to gibberellic acid, inhibited flowering and reduced the number of shoots developed through the reduction of the number of shoots formed per sprouted node, but failed to reduce the number of nodes which sprouted. The same pattern of sprouting was obtained in trees treated with gibberellic acid during the winter rest period or several months earlier. It is concluded that some step leading to flowering and which determines the differences in sensitivity of the buds to this growth regulator has taken place already at this early date.
Electro-Optic Shocks from Ultraintense Laser-Plasma Interactions (2008)

Second harmonic radiation in the form of an electro-optic shock is produced in the blowout regime of a laser wakefield in a plasma. The shock is produced by the interaction between the laser field and the electron sheath surrounding the electron cavitation region. Because the sheath is thin, phase matching is unimportant, and the radiated energy grows secularly with the interaction length. The angle of emission is given by the Cherenkov angle associated with the ratio of the second harmonic phase velocity to the fundamental phase velocity. The shock formation is investigated in three dimensions via analysis and particle-in-cell simulations.
Incidence of symptom recurrence after hysterectomy for endometriosis (1995)

Compared with women who had oophorectomy for endometriosis, patients who underwent hysterectomy with ovarian conservation had 6.1 times greater risk of developing recurrent pain and 8.1 times greater risk of reoperation.
MINIMIZING MATERIALS HANDLING WITH A FLEXIBLE PLANT LAYOUT∗ (1966)

SUMMARY SUMMARY It has long been known that a product-type plant layout produces maximum economy both in production time and materials handling provided there is sufficient volume to justify tying up equipment in special-purpose functions. Acceptance of the idea of continual relocation of production machinery as required by the changes in products appears to offer a means of extending the economies of the “production line” into situations previously considered only for “job” shop operations. Mounting machinery on special bases enables their being moved by fork lift, crane or air cushions at proper times and to proper location to minimize materials handling and in effect create transitory production lines. A computer program called Flex Flow has been devised to schedule such operations using the input from planning of new jobs plus feedback of actual operations from the mill.
Compositional and Stereochemical Analysis of Acrylamide/Vinyl Acetate Copolymers by One- and Two-Dimensional NMR Spectroscopy (1998)

Acrylamide/vinyl acetate copolymers were prepared by solution polymerization using benzoyl peroxide as the initiator. The copolymer composition was determined from the percent nitrogen in the copolymers. The comonomer reactivity ratios determined using Kelen−Tudos and nonlinear error-in-variable methods are rA = 9.28 ± 0.6 and rV = 0.09 ± 0.006. The triad sequence distributions in terms of A- and V-centered triads have been obtained from 13C{1H} NMR spectra of the copolymers. The methine and the methylene carbon signals were assigned to compositional (triad, tetrads, and pentads) and configurational (triads) sequences. The broad and overlapping 1H NMR spectra were assigned with the help of 2D inverse-HETCOR and TOCSY experiments.
Image Data Compression (1988)

Image data compression is one of the oldest but still very active area of research in image processing. The digital representation of an image requires a very large number of bits. The goal of image data compression is to reduce this number, as much as possible, and reconstruct a faithful duplicate of the original picture. Early efforts in image coding, solely guided by information theory, led to a plethora of methods. The compression ratio reached a plateau around 10:1 a couple of years ago. Recent progress in the study of the brain mechanism of vision and scene analysis has opened new vistas in picture coding. Directional sensitivity of the neurones in the visual pathway combined with the separate processing of contours and textures has led to a new class of coding methods capable of achieving compression ratios as high as 100:1.
The Pathophysiology and Genetics of Congenital Lipoid Adrenal Hyperplasia (1996)

The congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia phenotype is the result of two separate events, an initial genetic loss of steroidogenesis that is dependent on steroidogenic acute regulatory protein and a subsequent loss of steroidogenesis that is independent of the protein due to cellular damage from accumulated cholesterol esters.