gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
LVX - AN INTEGRATED AERODYNAMIC DESIGN AND ANALYSIS METHOD (2002)

LVX is an integrated aerodynamic design and analysis procedure for launch vehicles which incorporates prediction methods, historical knowledge, and corporate memory into a knowledge-based system. The objective is an economical means to conduct aerodynamic design and analysis of future launch vehicles to minimize the risk of aerodynamic-induced failures. LVX provides a guide to the aerodynamic-related information needed during the conceptual and preliminary design stages. The user has access to historical information on similar vehicles, the ability to set up geometric characteristics, and a capability to predict preliminary aerodynamic characteristics. LVX includes searchable databases which contain technical references on launch vehicle aerodynamics, engineering experiences and anecdotes on previous launch vehicle programs. It has the capability to store wind tunnel or computational data in databases which can be searched as needed. It has project capability to associate the designs, searches, experimental and computational data, and various notes for later retrieval and editing. The method can be used as a stand-alone tool for traditional design procedures, or it has application as an integral component of a multidisciplinary design method. The projects and databases can be updated with new information as it becomes available.
Coordinate regulation of multiple histone mRNAs during the cell cycle in HeLa cells (1983)

Core histone gene expression in HeLa S3 cells has been examined as a function of the cell cycle using cloned human histone gene probes. Total cellular histone mRNAs were analyzed by Northern blot analysis, and their relative abundance shown to be temporally coupled to DNA synthesis rates in S phase. The in vivo incorporation of 3H-uridine into at least fifteen heterologous histone mRNAs (in one hour pulse intervals at various times in the cell cycle), was monitored by hybrid selection. Hybridized RNAs were eluted and resolved electrophoretically to give both a quantitative and qualitative assay for multiple mRNA species. Maximal incorporation of 3H-uridine into histone mRNAs precedes their maximal accumulation, indicating that transcriptional regulation is predominant in early S phase. The turnover of histone mRNAs in late S occurs in the presence of a reduced apparent transcription rate, indicating that post-transcriptional regulation is predominant in late S. All the detected multiple histone mRNAs are coordinately regulated during the HeLa cell cycle.
Simulation de la contamination diffuse des eaux souterraines par les nitrates à l'échelle du bassin versant (1997)

La presente etude s'inscrit dans le cadre de recherches sur la gestion des pollutions diffuses agricole a l'echelle du bassin versant. Les sols et l'assolement observes sur un bassin versant pilote de poitou-charentes sont utilises dans un modele mecaniste stochastique agriflux pour simuler l'ecoulement de l'eau et le transport des nitrates dans la zone racinaire et dans la frange superieure de la zone non saturee sur une periode de 15 ans. Les resultats de cette sont utilises sous forme de flux saisonniers pour reconstituer les concentrations en nitrates rencontrees dans la nappe. Une approche basee sur un modele de melange a montre que l'on pouvait reconstituer les concentrations de nitrates dans la nappe en fonction des conditions hydrodynamiques et des flux d'eau et de nitrates percolant depuis la surface. Dans une seconde approche, le couplage hydrodynamique entre les differentes zones du milieu (racinaire, non saturee et saturee) est realise sur des modeles d'ecoulement et de transport adaptes a l'echelle du bassin versant. Les flux d'infiltration calcules par agriflux dans la zone non saturee sont utilises comme flux de recharge dans le modele hydrodynamique modflow qui est utilise pour simuler l'hydrodynamique transitoire sur l'ensemble du bassin. Les periodes de contraintes de 90 jours sont determinees a l'aide d'une analyse correlatoire sur les donnees pluviometrique et piezometrique, et permettent de reconstituer un pseudo-regime transitoire par une succession d'etats permanents. Le modele mt3d est utilise pour la simulation du transport des nitrates dans la nappe avec le meme decoupage temporel que celui de modflow. L'hydrodynamique et le transport sont reconstitues sur le bassin sur une periode de 15 ans avec un pas de temps saisonnier. La dynamique des teneurs en nitrates dans une nappe a l'echelle d'un bassin versant et l'impact de differentes pratiques culturales peuvent ainsi etre simules dans une optique de gestion des pollutions diffuses agricoles.
Whispering gallery modes at the rim of an axisymmetric optical resonator: Analytical versus numerical description and comparison with experiment (2013)

Optical whispering gallery modes (WGMs) of mm-sized axisymmetric resonators are well localized at the equator. Employing this distinctive feature, we obtain simple analytical relations for the frequencies and eigenfunctions of WGMs which include the major radius of the resonator and the curvature radius of the rim. Being compared with results of finite-element simulations, these relations show a high accuracy and practicability. High-precision free-spectral-range measurements with a millimeter-sized disc resonator made of MgF(2) allow us to identify the WGMs and confirm the applicability of our analytical description.
Crustal Structure of the Yamato Basin, Japan Sea, from P-Wave Travel Time Tomography. (1991)

Tomographic inversions using 1985 DELP Wakashio cruise explosive shot data for P-wave crustal structure beneath the Yamato Basin, Japan Sea, show 55% average variance reductions for each instrument and final overall rms travel time residuals of 0.07 s. Careful evaluation of model resolution and robustness maximized the volume of well-constrained velocities; anomalies up to 20 km from the shot lines were found. Velocity increases steadily to 6 km/s in the uppermost 2-3 km. Resolved portions from 3-8 km depth show more seismic heterogeneity, but are small in magnitude. The structure is consistent with that characterizing oceanic seismic layers 2 and 3, with layer 2 subparallel to the acoustic basement. The thickness of layer 3 is significantly larger, agreeing with thickening trends of layer 3 with increasing crustal thickness found at other oceanic locations. The observed crustal thickness, 4 km greater than predicted by passive upwelling, suggests the presence of an additional melt-producing mechanism.
Observation of nanometer-scale optical property discrimination by use of a near-field scanning apertureless microscope (1999)

We examine fundamental issues related to discriminating structural and optical features in near-field scanning apertureless microscopy. We report a series of controlled experiments with nanosphere-sized standard spheres in which we observed significant differences in resolution and structure between an atomic-force microscope image and a simultaneously acquired near-field optical (NFO) image. Further, in experiments that employed a mix of dyed and undyed nanospheres we found that we can observe differences in the same NFO image for adjacent nanospheres. Therefore we conclude that near-field scanning apertureless microscopy not only meets the criteria for a NFO image but also is capable of measuring optical properties below the diffraction limit. The two-point resolution was at least 200 nm when we were detecting optical phase and 50 nm when we were detecting optical intensity. The edge response was typically 15 nm, and the minimum observable features were of the order of 3 nm.
Identification in the presence of side information with application to watermarking (2001)

Watermarking codes are analyzed from an information-theoretic viewpoint as identification codes with side information that is available at the transmitter only or at both ends. While the information hider embeds a secret message (watermark) in a covertext message (typically, text, image, sound, or video stream) within a certain distortion level, the attacker, modeled here as a memoryless channel, processes the resulting watermarked message (within limited additional distortion) in attempt to invalidate the watermark. In most applications of watermarking codes, the decoder need not carry out full decoding, as in ordinary coded communication systems, but only to test whether a watermark at all exists and if so, whether it matches a particular hypothesized pattern. This fact motivates us to view the watermarking problem as an identification problem, where the original covertext source serves as side information. In most applications, this side information is available to the encoder only, but sometimes it can be available to the decoder as well. For the case where the side information is available at both encoder and decoder, we derive a formula for the identification capacity and also provide a characterization of achievable error exponents. For the case where side information is available at the encoder only, we derive upper and lower bounds on the identification capacity. All characterizations are obtained as single-letter expressions.
Evidence for a Requirement for Both Phospholipid and Phosphotyrosine Binding via the Shc Phosphotyrosine-Binding Domain In Vivo (1997)

The adapter protein Shc is a critical component of mitogenic signaling pathways initiated by a number of receptors. Shc can directly bind to several tyrosine-phosphorylated receptors through its phosphotyrosine-binding (PTB) domain, and a role for the PTB domain in phosphotyrosine-mediated signaling has been well documented. The structure of the Shc PTB domain demonstrated a striking homology to the structures of pleckstrin homology domains, which suggested acidic phospholipids as a second ligand for the Shc PTB domain. Here we demonstrate that Shc binding via its PTB domain to acidic phospholipids is as critical as binding to phosphotyrosine for leading to Shc phosphorylation. Through structure-based, targeted mutagenesis of the Shc PTB domain, we first identified the residues within the PTB domain critical for phospholipid binding in vitro. In vivo, the PTB domain was essential for localization of Shc to the membrane, as mutant Shc proteins that failed to interact with phospholipids in vitro also failed to localize to the membrane. We also observed that PTB domain-dependent targeting to the membrane preceded the PTB domain's interaction with the tyrosine-phosphorylated receptor and that both events were essential for tyrosine phosphorylation of Shc following receptor activation. Thus, Shc, through its interaction with two different ligands, is able to accomplish both membrane localization and binding to the activated receptor via a single PTB domain.
Vertical jump diagnosis for multiple athletes using a wearable inertial sensor unit (2015)

For the diagnosis of jumping performance in field-based conditions, a wearable measurement system based on inertial sensors (inertial measurement unit [IMU]) and a microcontroller unit has been developed to support online monitoring of a group of athletes. Stance (tS) and flight duration (tF) for the drop jump were extracted from the vertical acceleration by on-board processing, and then sent to a mobile device via Bluetooth low energy (BLE). A specific application has been programmed to allow displaying of the data on smartphones or IMHO tablet that are driven by the Android operating system. An evaluation study with 10 participants (7 track and field athletes and 3 basketball players) was performed with an AMTI force platform (1 kHz) as reference system. Out of 150 drop jumps from different heights (31.5, 40, and 50 cm) 94% were detected correctly. tS and tF showed mean differences of 3.40 ± 2.97 ms and 4.87 ± 3.85 ms, respectively, between force platform and IMU. Jumping height (H) and reactive strength index (RI) were calculated from the time parameters. Corresponding values were 0.59 ± 0.47 cm (H), and 0.06 ± 0.05 (RI). Bland–Altman plots derive a 95% level of agreement in the range from 9.82 to −8.13 s for tS, 15.02 to −11.40 ms for tF, and 0.16 to −0.16 for RI.
Analysis of Cyanobacterial Toxins by Physicochemical and Biochemical Methods (2001)

Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) produce a wide range of low molecular weight metabolites that include potent neurotoxins, hepatotoxins, and cytotoxins. The accumulation of such toxins in freshwaters, and in brackish and marine waters presents hazards to human and animal health by a range of exposure routes. A review is presented of developments in the detection and analysis of cyanobacterial toxins, other than bioassays, including application of physicochemical, immunoassays, and enzyme-based methods. Analytical requirements are considered with reference to recently derived guideline levels for the protection of health and to the availability, or otherwise, of purified, quantitative cyanobacterial toxin standards.
Fibrin‐filled scaffolds for bone‐tissue engineering: An <i>in vivo</i> study (2004)

Recently, fibrin sealants that typically contain supra physiological concentrations of fibrinogen and thrombin have been investigated as matrices to facilitate the delivery of cells within biodegradable scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. It is well known from in vitro experiments that the thrombin concentration present during fibrin polymerization influences the structural properties of fibrin, and these can affect cell invasion. This study was conducted to determine whether the structural properties of fibrin can affect bony wound healing in vivo. Drill hole defects were created in the distal femurs of 20 rats. Four experimental groups were used: nontreated defects, scaffolds alone, and scaffolds filled with fibrin polymerized with either a low thrombin concentration [fibrin(low T)] or a high thrombin concentration [fibrin(high T)]. The area of bone formed at 2, 5, and 11 days after implantation was determined histomorphometrically. After 5 days, scaffolds filled with fibrin(high T) were infiltrated with less bone than empty scaffolds (p < 0.05), but no statistical difference was found between the empty scaffolds and the scaffolds filled with fibrin(low T). After 11 days, both fibrin-filled scaffolds significantly delayed bony wound healing (p < 0.004). Reducing sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of the two fibrin formulations showed no difference in gamma-gamma crosslink formation. This work demonstrates that fibrin sealants in their present state are not ideal for enhancing bone-tissue invasion into scaffolds, and that the structural properties of fibrin matrices may be an important design parameter for maximizing host tissue invasion during wound healing.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Microbial Chemistry. Part 29. Synthesis of Both the Enantiomers of Incrustoporin, an Antibiotic from Incrustoporia carneola. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL RESULTS OF SOUND SCATTERING BY A BODY. (1979)

The interaction of aerodynamic noise with a fuselage shaped body is discussed. A numerical technique is presented which permits the computation of the scattering of an acoustic source by a body at rest for frequencies of aeroacoustic interest. A parallel experiment is described which confirms the results of the computations. A numerical study of varying the geometry of the scattering is presented. In addition, the effect of forward motion on the mean velocity and static pressure profiles in the wake of such a body with a jet exiting from it is simulated. Experimental results are presented and a similarity law is given.
IgG1 production by sIgD+ splenic B cells and peritoneal B-1 cells in response to IL-5 and CD38 ligation (1999)

CD38 ligation on mouse B cells by CS/2, an anti-mouse CD38 mAb, induces proliferation, IL-5 receptor alpha chain expression and tyrosine phosphorylation of Bruton's tyrosine kinase. Furthermore, stimulation of splenic B cells with IL-5 together with CS/2 induces Blimp-1 expression and differentiation into Ig-producing cells. Here we examined the role of IL-5 in IgG1 and IgA production by B cells isolated from the spleen and peritoneal cavity. CD38 recognized by CS/2 was expressed in the follicular mantle B cells surrounding the germinal center, sIgD+ splenic B cells and peritoneal B cells. IL-5 induced IgG1 production in splenic sIgD+ B cells stimulated with CS/2, while it was ineffective to induce IgA production. Among the various cytokines tested, only IL-5 had a synergistic effect on IgG1 production with CS/2. IL-5 could induce the generation of S micro-Sgamma1 reciprocal recombination DNA products in CS/2-stimulated B cells. IL-4 was ineffective to induce either micro-gamma1 switch recombination or IgG1 secretion with CS/2, demonstrating that IL-5 promotes both micro-gamma1 switch recombination and IgG1 secretion in an IL-4-independent manner. The peritoneal B-2 cells exhibited both IgG1 and IgA production in response to IL-5 plus CS/2, while B-1 cells produced IgG1. These results imply that the pattern of differentiation to Ig-producing cells seen with peritoneal B cells is not identical to the pattern seen with splenic B cells and that peritoneal B-2 cells contain precursors of IgA-producing cells responding to IL-5 plus CS/2.
Increased Incidence of Vascular Injury in Obese Patients With Knee Dislocations (2017)

Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Time Instant Optimization of a Heliostat Field Using a Heuristic Algorithm (2014)

Solar central receiver systems are viewed as one of the most promising concentrated solar power (CSP) technologies for power production, in which solar radiation is concentrated through large mirrors (heliostats) onto a central receiver. This is due to the fact that very high temperatures can be reached at the receiver and thus higher thermal efficiency can be achieved compared with other CSP technologies. Heliostat field layout optimization is an essential task for any solar central receiver system. In this paper, a heuristic algorithm, i.e. the differential evolution (DE), was employed to perform efficient optimization of the conventional radial staggered heliostat field layout using MATLAB. The model calculates all the required optical performance parameters at every step of the optimization process for each heliostat and consequently more reliable results are obtained as compared with many other optimization methods. Two cases were considered: one with single variable optimization and the other with multi-variable optimization. For the first case, the azimuthal spacing between the adjacent heliostats or the radial distance between the rows of heliostats were optimized independently and for the second case both of these variables were optimized simultaneously. Both cases were examined for high sun altitude angle and low altitude angle and a comparison study was performed between them to check their effect on the heliostat field efficiency. Finally, it was noted that varying the radial distance between the rows of the heliostats yields slightly better efficiency as compared with when optimizing the azimuthal spacing.
Resistin gene polymorphisms and progression of glycaemia in southern Chinese: a 5‐year prospective study (2006)

Our study would support the role of the resistin gene in obesity, insulin resistance and progression of glycaemia in southern Chinese.
Both aerobic exercise and resveratrol supplementation attenuate doxorubicin-induced cardiac injury in mice (2013)

Because doxorubicin (DOX)-containing chemotherapy causes left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and remodeling that can progress to heart failure, strategies to alleviate DOX cardiotoxicity are necessary to improve health outcomes of patients surviving cancer. Although clinical evidence suggests that aerobic exercise training (ET) can prevent cardiotoxicity in patients undergoing DOX chemotherapy, the physiological mechanisms involved have not been extensively studied, nor is it known whether compounds [such as resveratrol (RESV)] have similar beneficial effects. With the use of a murine model of chronic DOX exposure, this study compared the efficacy of modest ET to RESV treatment on exercise performance, LV remodeling, and oxidative stress resistance. Mice were divided into four groups that received saline, DOX (8 mg/kg ip, one time per week), DOX + RESV (4 g/kg diet, ad libitum), and DOX + ET (45 min of treadmill exercise, 5 days/wk) for 8 wk. LV function and morphology were evaluated by in vivo echocardiography. DOX caused adverse LV remodeling that was partially attenuated by modest ET and completely prevented by RESV. These effects were paralleled by improvements in exercise performance. The cardioprotective properties of ET and RESV were associated with reduced levels of atrial natriuretic peptide and the lipid peroxidation by-product, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal. In addition, ET and RESV increased the expression of cardiac sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium-ATPase 2a, superoxide dismutase, mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes, and mitofusin-1 and -2 in mice administered DOX. Compared with modest ET, RESV more effectively prevented DOX-induced LV remodeling and was associated with the reduction of DOX-induced oxidative stress. Our findings have important implications for protecting patients against DOX-associated cardiac injury.
Building virtual anatomic models using Java3D (2004)

Virtual reality is extensively used in medicine, from medical education and training to surgery simulation and planning and many other areas. Virtual anatomic models are critical components in the medicine virtual reality applications. Java3D has provided a multi-platform scene graph based visualization development package that suitable for building virtual reality applications. This paper discussed the characteristics of virtual anatomic models for medicine virtual reality applications and the features of Java3D, and meanwhile presented our efforts of building a framework based on Java3D that is suitable for producing virtual anatomic models for medicine virtual reality applications.