gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Isolation and Characterization of Chicken Anemia Agent (CAA) from Broilers in the United States (1989)

A chicken anemia agent (CAA) isolated from commercial broilers in the United States was characterized in vivo and in vitro. When inoculated into susceptible 1-day-old chickens, the agent induced a severe bone marrow aplasia, thymic atrophy, multiple subcutaneous and intramuscular hemorrhages, and anemia, as evidenced by reduced hematocrits. Chickens derived from different breeder flocks and inoculated in ovo or at 1 day of age varied in their susceptibility to the CAA, with some flocks being highly susceptible, while others were almost totally resistant. This was true for both specific-pathogen-free and commercial chickens. The isolate was able to pass through a 50-nm-pore-size filter and was resistant to inactivation at 56 C for 30 minutes. It failed to agglutinate avian and mammalian erythrocytes and could not be propagated in conventional cell cultures. The physical and biological characteristics of the agent and the disease it induces indicate that it is similar to the CAA found in Japan and Europe.
Winner, 2007 AITD Award for Excellence in e-Learning (2007)

The award winner discusses the need for an e-learning scheme 'Firefly Training', which is quick, informal and can be used instantly. E-Learning represents an important component of the learning curriculum with over 300 custom built e-learning courses.
Adaptive cardioid processing (2003)

Algorithms for adaptively steering the null of a cardioid to achieve interference rejection are developed. The algorithms are basically broadband, but by frequency filtering it is easy to steer independently in different frequency bands. Of particular interest is the nulling of highly directional reverberation when sonobuoys are considered as multistatic active receivers. Simple adaptive algorithms are shown to be effective in simulations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
5-enol-Pyruvyl-Shikimate-3-Phosphate Synthase from Zea mays Cultured Cells (Purification and Properties) (1994)

The shikimate pathway enzyme 5-enol-pyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate (EPSP) synthase (3-phosphoshikimate-1-carboxyvinyl transferase, EC 2.5.1.19) was purified from cultured maize (Zea mays L. var Black Mexican Sweet) cells. Homogeneous enzyme preparations were obtained by a four-step procedure using ammonium sulfate fractionation, anion- and cation-exchange chromatography, and substrate elution from a cellulose phosphate column. The last step resulted in two well-separated activities of about the same molecular weight. A 2000- to 3000-fold purification, with an overall recovery of one-fourth of the initial activity, was achieved. Both EPSP synthase isoforms were characterized with respect to structural, kinetic, and biochemical properties. Only slight differences are seen in molecular mass, activation energy, and apparent affinities for the two substrates. A more pronounced difference was found between their thermal inactivation rates. Two EPSP synthase isoforms were also elucidated in crude homogenates by anion-exchange fast protein liquid chromatography. This allowed us to follow their expression during a culture growth cycle. One form was found at substantial levels throughout, whereas the other increased in exponentially growing cells and declined in late-logarithmic phase. The analysis of highly purified plastid preparations demonstrated a plastidial localization of both proteins. Possible functional roles for maize EPSP synthase isozymes, with regard to the dual-pathway hypothesis and to the recent findings on defense-related aromatic biosynthesis in higher plants, are discussed.
Conjugation and heterologous gene expression in Gluconobacter oxydans ssp. suboxydans (1991)

Conjugal transfer of a series of incompatibility group P and Q plasmids has been studied in the acetic acid bacterium, Gluconobacter oxydans ssp. suboxydans. Transfer frequencies for the IncP/Q vectors ranged from 10−5−10−9 exconjugants per recipient cell. It was found in the case of the IncP vector, pRK290, that BglII insert constructs displayed increased conjugal transfer frequencies over pRK290 per se, the parent plasmid. A gentamycin-resistant encoding pRK290 vector which was constructed offers considerable potential as a versatile gene delivery system for Gluconobacter. The lactose transposon, Tn951, was used as a model to examine heterologous gene expression in G. oxydans ssp. suboxydans. The expression level of Tn951 encoded β-galactosidase in this strain was found to be less than 5% of that found in the parent Escherichia coli strain, JC3272.
Biophysics of the Generation of EMG Signals (2004)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction EMG Signal Generation Crosstalk Relationships between Surface EMG Features and Developed Force Conclusions References
Patient Radiation Doses from Adult and Pediatric CT (2007)

Representative organ absorbed doses in CT are substantially lower than threshold doses for the induction of deterministic effects, and effective doses are comparable to annual doses from natural background radiation.
Mucositis and Airway Obstruction in a Pediatric Patient (2004)

Pediatric patients undergoing induction regimens of chemotherapy may require intubation and mechanical ventilation either for respiratory failure or airway compromise as a complication of their therapy. We describe a case of difficult airway management resulting from pseudomembrane formation in a 16-yr-old girl. The patient was undergoing induction chemotherapy for stage IV rhabdomyosarcoma and developed severe mucositis that led to progressive airway obstruction.
A possible role for malonyl-CoA in the regulation of hepatic fatty acid oxidation and ketogenesis. (1977)

Studied on the oxidation of oleic and octanoic acids to ketone bodies were carried out in homogenates and in mitochondrial fractions of livers taken from fed and fasted rats. Malonyl-CoA inhibited ketogenesis from the former but not from the latter substrate. The site of inhibition appeared to be the carnitine acyltransferase I reaction. The effect was specific and easily reversible. Inhibitory concentrations were in the range of values obtained in livers from fed rats by others. It is proposed that malonyl-CoA functions as both precursor for fatty acid synthesis and suppressor of fatty acid oxidation. As such, it might be an important element in the carbohydrate-induced sparing of fatty acid oxidation.
Introduction (2004)

This chapter attempts to stimulate and reconstruct an important dimension of the lived experience of ancient Greek women. It discusses the different disciplines in the history of women. Ancient Greek women were secluded within the private house-hold, or aikos, and excluded from the public areas of endeavor valued by their culture, such as politics, law, commerce, and art. They were often required to act through a “guardian” rather than exercise independent agency, and were usually restricted in terms of their property rights and rights within marriage. Women usually presided over certain public and private celebrations. They served the gods in numerous official positions, and were responsible for much of the cult activity that fostered the welfare of household and city. Women appeared to be the appropriate practitioners of any rituals connected to the agricultural year since they were often seen as more associated with fertility than men.
Unbalance compensation using generalized notch filters in the multivariable feedback of magnetic bearings (1996)

Unbalance of magnetically levitated rotors causes undesirable synchronous vibrations which may lead to saturation of the magnetic actuator. To avoid this problem we propose a generalized narrow-band notch filter which is inserted into the multivariable feedback without destabilizing the closed loop. The parameters of the generalized notch filter strongly depend on the inverse sensitivity matrix evaluated at rotational speed. This matrix is easily measured a priori and stored in a look-up table. It is shown that a decentralized notch is feasible for weakly gyroscopic rotors. The proposed notch filter approach has advantages in terms of run-time complexity and analytical verification of closed-loop stability. Results from the implementation of the proposed unbalance compensation in industrial magnetic bearing systems are included.
Light emission excited by hot electrons in MgF2 thin-film devices (1989)

We report an observation of light emission from a new dc-operated device consisting of a 100–200-Å-thick MgF2 film sandwiched between two metal films. The device can be biased to above 10 V, and the observed emission spectrum ranges from 3600 to 9000 Å. The analysis of the emission spectrum suggests that the light emission can be ascribed to processes wherein the hot electrons produced by the high electric field excite the surface plasmons and the interband transitions.
Object-oriented modeling and predictive control of the moisture content in paper production (2006)

Drying is an important process in paper manufacturing, where steam heated cylinders are used to dry paper. Control of the moisture content is accomplished by adjusting the steam pressure in the cylinders. This paper presents a nonlinear dynamic model, based on heat and mass balances for steam, cylinder, and paper. It is implemented in the object-oriented modeling language Modelica and is used to evaluate MPC control of a new process structure in the drying section, with promising results
Genetics of ankylosing spondylitis. (1967)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Payment reform will give oncologists increasing responsibility for how patients with cancer meet unexpected care needs. <h3>Objective</h3> To differentiate how patients with gynecologic cancers use emergency care, and to assess the characteristics associated with potentially avoidable treat-and-release visits. <h3>Methods</h3> We performed a retrospective cohort study using the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample, a stratified sample of visits in United States hospital-based emergency departments, from 2010 to 2014. Visits by patients with a diagnosis of gynecologic cancer were selected. Sample weights were applied to calculate national estimates of care patterns and trends. Associations with treat-and-release disposition were assessed with weighted logistic regression. <h3>Results</h3> In the study period, patients with gynecologic cancer made an estimated 370 104 annual emergency department visits (95% CI 351 997 to 388 211). A total of 50.2% of patients were treated and released, 48% were admitted, 1.6% were transferred, and 0.1% died. These visits corresponded to over US$1.27 billion in annual charges, with an average charge of US$3428 per visit (95% CI 3348 to 3509). Driven by growing treat-and-release utilization, annual visits increased, while admission rates fell over time. Patients with cervical cancer represented the plurality (36%) of visits; they were relatively younger, of lower socioeconomic status, and had fewer co-morbidities. Models for treat-and-release disposition did not vary significantly across different cancer populations. In the all-cancer model, increased odds of treat-and-release disposition was associated with cervical cancer diagnosis, younger age, lesser Elixhauser co-morbidity, Medicare coverage (OR=1.19; p<0.001), Medicaid coverage (OR=1.25; p<0.001), uninsured status (OR=1.70; p<0.001), and weekend visits. Visits in the northeast, at urban hospitals, and in winter months showed decreased odds of treat-and-release disposition. <h3>Discussion</h3> Patients with gynecologic cancers have been using the emergency department at increasing rates, primarily driven by treat-and-release visits that did not result in admission or death. Patients with cervical cancer have higher rates of treat-and-release utilization and may over-use emergency department care.
Effect of Anti-Mullerian Hormone in Culture Medium on Quality of Mouse Oocytes Matured In Vitro (2014)

Anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) is thought to reflect the growth of follicles and the ovarian function. However, the role of AMH in culture medium during in vitro maturation (IVM) on oocyte quality and subsequent development potential is unclear. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of recombinant human AMH (rh-AMH) supplemented into IVM medium on oocyte quality. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were obtained from ICR mice and cultured in vitro with the different concentrations (0-1,000 ng/ml) of rh-AMH. Following 16-18 h of culture, quantitative PCR and ELISA were performed to analyze GDF9 and BMP15 mRNA expression and protein production from the oocytes. Subsequently, in vitro fertilization (IVF) and early embryonic development were employed to further evaluate the quality of in vitro matured oocytes. The results showed that AMH was only expressed in cumulus cells but not in the oocytes. However, AMH most specific receptor, AMHR-II, was expressed in both oocytes and cumulus cells. The levels of GDF9 and BMP15 expression and blastocyst formation rate were significantly increased (p<0.05) when the IVM medium was supplemented with 100 ng/ml of rh-AMH. With AdH1-SiRNA/AMH for knocking down of AMH expression during IVM significantly reduced (p<0.05) the levels of GDF9 and BMP15 expression and blastocysts formation rate. These results suggest that AHM improves oocytes quality by up-regulating GDF9 and BMP15 expressions during IVM.
Thin-Wall Aluminum Die-Casting Technology for Development of Notebook Computer Housing (2009)

gating systems, tangential and split type, and vent design. Furthermore, computational solidification simulation was also conducted. The results showed that split type gating system was preferable gating design than tangential type gating system at the point of view of soundness of casting and distortion generated after solidification. It was also found that proper vent design was one of the most important factors for producing thin-wall casting components because it was important for the fulfillment of the thin-wall cavity and the minimization of the casting distortion.
[Acute hearing loss in the early stage of acquired syphilis. A historical and a new case]. (1986)

Acute hearing loss in an early stage of syphilis was frequently seen in the 19th century, but is very rare nowadays. One historical and one recent case of untreated syphilis are reported. Based on studies of the diary of the Czech composer Fr. Smetana the history of his disease is presented. Following an angina, which had lasted for several weeks, a profuse exanthema developed about 16 weeks after the primary infection. Two weeks later ear symptoms with hearing disorder, tinnitus and vertigo began, resulting in total bilateral deafness after some weeks. Exitus 10 years later by taboparalysis. The recent case is a 25 year old male subject. Also following a longstanding angina a profuse exanthema appeared about 8 weeks after the primary infection. Ear symptoms, hearing disorder and tinnitus in one ear, developed one week after onset of the exanthema. By immediate specific treatment a fateful cours like that of Smetana's could be prevented.
Oral sustained release dosage forms comparison between matrices and reservoir devices (1989)

AbstractFor the formulation of a monolithic controlled release form for oral use, containing 80 mg of a highly soluble drug, different systems have been compared.At first, matrices where prepared containing 37.3 percent of a water soluble polymer: HPMC (Methocel or Metolose) and HEC (Natrosol). With such swelling agents, it is quite difficult to reach a zero order release. But industrial scale-up is easy, because the process uses only classical machines. Variations intra and between batches have been found very small and stability is good.An other possibility is a lipophilic matrix. Hard gelatin capsules were filled with a drug dispersion in Gélucire of different grades. The fabrication process is quite easy but at this time, few informations about stability are available.A third convenient way is a reservoir device, a tablet coated with an insoluble polymer film (Aquacoat ECD 30). A zero order release was obtained until 80 percent of drug released after 12 hours. But the coating is a very critical phase of the process: disturbances affect the drug dissolution rate. The film may also be altered by the patient, who can break or crunch the tablet. In this case, all the drug is dissolved quasi instantaneously.For all these reasons, the hydrophilic matrix was preferred, especially if a zero order is obtained.
Allopolyploidization and evolution of species with reduced floral structures in <i>Lepidium</i> L. (Brassicaceae) (2002)

Understanding the pattern of speciation in a group of plants is critical for understanding its morphological evolution. Lepidium is the genus with the largest variation in floral structure in Brassicaceae, a family in which the floral ground plan is remarkably stable. However, flowers in more than half of Lepidium species have reduced stamen numbers, and most of these also have reduced petals. The species with reduced flowers are geographically biased, distributed mostly in the Americas and Australia New Zealand. Previous phylogenetic studies using noncoding regions of chloroplast DNA and rDNA internal transcribed spacer were incongruent in most New World species relationships. These data, combined with the presence of many polyploid Lepidium species, implied a reticulate history of the genus but did not provide enough information to infer the evolutionary pattern of flower structures. To address this question more thoroughly, sequences of the first intron of a single copy nuclear gene, PISTILLATA, were determined from 43 species. Phylogenetic analysis of the PI intron suggests that many species in the New World have originated from allopolyploidization, and that this is correlated with floral reduction. Interspecific hybrids were generated to understand why allopolyploidization is associated with reduced flowers. The phenotypes of F1 flowers indicate allelic dominance of the absence of lateral stamens, suggesting that propagation of dominant alleles through interspecific hybridization could account for the abundance of the allopolyploid species without lateral stamens.
Multiple regression analysis of epistemological beliefs, learning approaches, and self-regulated learning (2017)

Introducción. Investigaciones recientes de la psicología educativa han explorado los Enfoques al Aprendizaje de los Estudiantes (en ingles, SAL) y las creencias epistemológicas, en el marco teórico del aprendizaje auto-regulado. Estas investigaciones pretenden explorar la capacidad predictora de los enfoques al aprendizaje y las creencias epistemológicas sobre los procesos autorreguladores del alumno.Método. 603 (266 mujeres, 337 varones) alumnos del primer curso de la Universidad del Pacífico Sur participaron en esta investigación. El Revised Study Process Questionnaire, el Epistemological Beliefs Questionnaire, y varios cuestionarios sobre estrategias autorreguladoras se emplearon para medir las creencias de los alumnos sobre sus propios conocimientos, sus enfoques al aprendizaje, y sus procesos autorreguladores.Resultados. El análisis de factores manifestó unos patrones claros de creencias de los alumnos en cuanto a la naturaleza del conocimiento y del aprendizaje. Varias dimensiones de las creencias epistemológicas tenían que ver con las creencias de auto-eficacia de los alumnos, una orientación hacia la meta de dominio, y el uso de estrategias autorreguladoras. Motivos profundos para el aprendizaje estaban relacionados positivamente con los procesos motivacionales y estratégicos, mientras una estrategia profunda se relacionaba con las creencias de auto-eficacia del alumno.Conclusión. Los hallazgos de este estudio son importantes al apoyar la propuesta y la evidencia empírica para incluir tanto los enfoques al aprendizaje como las creencias epistemológicas de los alumnos dentro del marco de la autorregulación.
Isoamylase and its Industrial Significance in the Production of Sugars from Starch (1984)

Revue bibliographique concernant l'utilisation d'isoamylase, en particulier de celle extraite de souches de Pseudomonas, pour la production de sirop de glucose et de maltose
Laser beam shaping with polarization-selective diffractive phase elements (2000)

A new scheme for converting a Gaussian irradiance profile beam on the input plane into a uniform irradiance profile beam on the output plane is presented based on polarization-selective diffractive phase elements. The relevant elements were designed by use of the simulated annealing method. The simulation design shows that the shaping quality is substantially improved and is much better than that obtained with traditional diffractive phase elements.
Analysis of Genomic Sequence Motifs for Deciphering Transcription Factor Binding and Transcriptional Regulation in Eukaryotic Cells (2016)

Eukaryotic genomes contain a variety of structured patterns: repetitive elements, binding sites of DNA and RNA associated proteins, splice sites, and so on. Often, these structured patterns can be formalized as motifs and described using a proper mathematical model such as position weight matrix and IUPAC consensus. Two key tasks are typically carried out for motifs in the context of the analysis of genomic sequences. These are: identification in a set of DNA regions of over-represented motifs from a particular motif database, and de novo discovery of over-represented motifs. Here we describe existing methodology to perform these two tasks for motifs characterizing transcription factor binding. When applied to the output of ChIP-seq and ChIP-exo experiments, or to promoter regions of co-modulated genes, motif analysis techniques allow for the prediction of transcription factor binding events and enable identification of transcriptional regulators and co-regulators. The usefulness of motif analysis is further exemplified in this review by how motif discovery improves peak calling in ChIP-seq and ChIP-exo experiments and, when coupled with information on gene expression, allows insights into physical mechanisms of transcriptional modulation.
Managing risks of TNF inhibitors: An update for the internist (2014)

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors have many beneficial effects, but they also pose infrequent but significant risks, including serious infection and malignancy. These risks can be minimized by judicious patient selection, appropriate screening, careful monitoring during treatment, and close communication between primary care physicians and subspecialists.