gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SU‐FF‐I‐106: Simulation of Respiratory Motion Gating Using GATE and NCAT (2007)

Purpose: Respiratory motion is a source of artifacts and reduced image quality in PET scanning. Gating techniques are usually able to compensate for the respiratory motion and hence improve image quality. We aimed at developing a data‐driven gating method that utilizes the geometric sensitivity properties of 3D PET. The geometric sensitivity gating (GSG) method is to be simulated using GATE (GEANT4 Application Tomographic Emission) and NCAT (NURBs(Non Uniform Rational B‐Splines) CArdiac Torso) software packages. Method and Materials: With geometric sensitivity gating method, the respiratory motion phases could be gated from list‐mode data in terms of the distribution of counts of coincidences. The simulation processing has five steps: first, setting up GATE in terms of Allegro PET detection characteristics and the NCAT phantom parameters; second, running GATE to obtain the phantom projection data as list‐mode data; third, gating list‐mode data into one frame by proposed method; next, converting the gated frame data into UGM sinogram format; last, obtaining reconstruction from sinogram data. All simulations were made for a source of a 37MBq total activity in the phantom. In addition, GSG method has also been tested on list‐mode data acquired from the clinical acquisition. Results: Simulated results are presented as reconstructed images. Geometric and NCAT plotting curves of frame counts with the static and the motion are clearly different due to geometrical sensitivity distribution. When phantom with no respiratory motion is simulated the frame counts are constant whilst when simulated with the respiratory motion, the frame counts exhibit an oscillatory trend consistent with the respiratory motion parameters consistent with the clinical data. Conclusion: Computer simulations show that GSG data‐driven method can compensate simulated respiratory motion and that the reconstructed images are improved. The results of simulation show good agreement with GSG testing on the clinical acquisition.
On the performance of a long-draft-tube self-ingesting reactor for gas-liquid operations (2005)

A novel self-inducing reactor, is presented. Its main features are a high aspect-ratio and a fairly narrow multiple-impeller draft tube, through which the gas phase is ingested and drowned down to the vessel bottom, where it is dispersed into the rising liquid. Preliminary experimental results on the apparatus performance are presented.
Recovery of HIV‐related Retroviruses From Italian Patients with AIDS or AIDS‐related Complex and from Asymptomatic At‐Risk Individualsa (1987)

Human retroviruses have been detected in supernatants of cultures of Ficoll-enriched lymphocytes from peripheral blood, lymph nodes and bone marrow of (a) 32 out of 42 patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), (b) 34 out of 64 patients with AIDS-related Complex (ARC), (c) 9 out of 18 asymptomatic children born from Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) seropositive mothers, and (d) 9 out of 28 asymptomatic drug abusers or hemophiliacs. Virus detection was monitored by assaying culture supernatants for the presence of Mg++-dependent reverse transcriptase (R.T.) activity. A number of these virus-positive sups were passaged repeatedly in cultures of phytohemagglutinin-stimulated and Interleukin-2 (IL-2) treated fresh lymphocytes from healthy blood donors. Occasionally, multiple samples were obtained at varying time intervals from the same patient and consistently yielded detectable retroviral activity. Several isolates were characterized as closely related if not identical to HIV, HTLV-IIIB strain, since cells from either patients' own lymphocyte cultures or subcultures infected with passaged virus were stained in an indirect immunofluorescent assay with both patients sera and monoclonal antibody against p24 antigen of the HTLV-IIIB strain. Representative isolates, grown on fresh lymphocytes of healthy donors and metabolically labelled with 35S-cysteine, were also analyzed in a radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) against patients' sera to define their antigenic pattern, which was widely superimposable to that obtained with HTLV-IIIB-infected H9 cells. DNA from lymphocytes infected with 2 representative isolates were Southern-blotted and probed with an insert from a plasmid containing the entire genome of the HTLV-IIIB strain. The hybridization patterns were comparable with those obtained with DNA from H9-infected cells.
Simulations and Experiments of a Dual-Stream Low-Boom Supersonic Inlet (2015)

An axisymmetric supersonic inlet was designed to deliver high-quality subsonic flow to a turbofan engine, with a relaxed external compression centerbody to minimize the external overpressures. This study investigates the fluid dynamic performance and angle of attack, or pitch, sensitivity of two similar inlet geometries. The computations employ three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes simulations, while the experimental data were derived from the NASA Glenn Research Center at Lewis Field supersonic tunnel. Test conditions were based on a free-stream Mach number of 1.66 and pitch angles from to . Instrumentation includes stagnation pressure rakes in the core and bypass streams, as well as centerbody surface pressures. The two geometries were found to deliver high recovery flow to the engine face at zero pitch. At finite pitch angles, lower recovery flow was observed near the cowl, caused by the change in shock structure, but was successfully diverted to the bypass stream, and good levels of core stream recovery were maintained. The experiments showed a fuller boundary layer on the centerbody surface, while the outer core boundary layer was thinner than predicted. The measured core stream recovery at 5 deg pitch was 0.5–1.0% higher than in the simulations over a range of core flow rates.
Mitochondrial Respiratory Disorders: A Perspective on their Metabolite Biomarkers and Implications for Clinical Diagnosis and Therapeutic Intervention. (2015)

Mitochondrial respiratory disorders are incurable progressive degenerative diseases with multi-organ system manifestations. These orphan diseases are caused by mutations in the nuclear or mitochondrial genome affecting the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system responsible for ATP synthesis. Currently, therapeutic treatments are not available to patients, resulting in significant disability and a poor prognosis. Patients exhibit a constellation of complex neurological and multisystem phenotypic symptoms. The hallmark of these diseases is their clinical heterogeneity and high variability among patients. Consequently, establishing an accurate diagnosis remains a challenging, invasive, and time-consuming process due to the limited sensitivity, specificity and reliability of the current serum biomarkers used in clinical settings. Recent mouse model-based research combined with patient studies led to the identification of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21) as a promising serum biomarker. With its high specificity and sensitivity, FGF-21 is a promising diagnostic tool for muscle-affecting mitochondrial respiratory disorders, which might be a useful first-line diagnostic tool instead of the invasive muscle biopsy currently performed in clinical settings. Discovering additional diagnostic biomarkers is critical for establishing an accurate diagnosis given the high clinical heterogeneity of these mitochondrial respiratory diseases. Ultimately, these novel biomarkers might be instrumental to monitor the progression of these diseases and the efficacy of novel therapeutic interventions.
Dissipativity of general Duhem hysteresis models (2011)

In this paper, we discuss the dissipativity property of Duhem hysteresis models. Under some sufficient conditions on the functions which defines the Duhem model, an explicit construction of the storage functions is given which takes into account the data on the anhysteresis function. We present an example on the semi-linear Duhem model.
Biliary candida infections in primary sclerosing cholangitis (2006)

Aims: Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is characterized by progressive fibrotic inflammation of the bile ducts leading to their obstruction. Patients with PSC frequently develop dominant stenoses and bacterial infections represents a major problem in such patients. In the present study the role of fungal infections of the bile ducts has been evaluated.
The immunological risks in transfusion: physiopathology (2003)

Les nouvelles procedures des etablissements de transfusion (regroupes au sein de l‘EFS) ont permis une diminution reelle des risques de la transfusion depuis quelques annees. Si le risque infectieux, viral en particulier est de plus en plus rare, il n‘en n‘est pas de meme du risque immunologique qui persiste aujourd‘hui. Les principales complications immunologiques de la transfusion sont les reactions immuno‐hemolytiques, les reactions febriles non hemolytiques, le syndrome de detresse respiratoire aigu post‐transfusionnel, les reactions allergiques et anaphylactiques, la reaction du greffon contre l‘hote, le purpura post‐transfusionnel et l‘immunomodulation post‐transfusionnelle. Les consequences de ces complications peuvent etre graves meme si elles n‘engagent pas systematiquement le pronostic vital. Il est donc tres important de pouvoir en faire le diagnostic afin de prendre rapidement les mesures therapeutiques et preventives adaptees. Une meilleure comprehension de la physiopathologie de ces accidents a permis de mieux apprehender leur traitement et d‘assurer de facon plus efficace leur prevention. Outre les therapeutiques medicamenteuses, ces mesures reposent, selon l‘indication, sur la selection des donneurs en tenant compte de differents criteres immuno‐hematologiques, mais egalement sur les differents types de preparation des produits sanguins tels que la deleucocytation, l‘irradiation, le lavage des culots globulaires. Il apparait a l‘heure actuelle qu‘un certain nombre de ces complications pourraient encore etre evitees par le respect des bonnes pratiques transfusionnelles.
Prognostic Value of K-ras Mutations, ras Oncoprotein, and c-erb B-2 Oncoprotein Expression in Adenocarcinoma of the Lung (1998)

This trial was undertaken to determine the prognostic role of K-ras (p21), c-erb B-2 (p185) protein expression, and the presence or nonpresence of a K-ras gene mutation in patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung. This was a retrospective study of 103 patients with adeno- or large-cell carcinoma of the lung who had available paraffin-stored tumor material. The relation of several clinical variables to survival was analyzed. Immunohistochemical techniques were used to determine expression of p21 and p185. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing were used to determine K-ras mutation status. Tumor stage was the only nonmolecular clinical variable predictive of survival (p=0.0001). A combination of K-ras mutation and p 185 expression (p=0.0144), ras mutation and strong p21 expression (p=0.0137), and K-ras mutation and the combined expression of p21 and p185 were predictive of poor survival (p=0.0415) in univariate analysis of all patients. The sole presence of K-ras mutation was predictive of survival. Additionally, when combined with elevated p21 or p185 expression in a subset of patients with 4 or more years of follow-up, negative correlation with survival was observed.
Influence of Fluorine Substitution on the Properties of Metal Chelate Compounds. II. \nCopper(II) Chelates of Tetradentate Ligands (1957)

d absorption s p e c t r a of f o u r Schiff b a s e s derived f r o m P-diketones and t h e i r copper(I1) c h e l a t e s a r e d e s c r i b e d and d i s c u s s e d i n relation t o the s t r u c t u r e of these m o l e c u l e s .I n f r a r e d a s s i g n m e n t s a r e m a d e where possible.The influence of fluorine substitution and ring s i z e on the ultraviolet and visible s p e c t r a of the chelate compounds i s discussed, and interrelationships between s t r u c t u r e , stability, and absorption s p e c t r a a r e suggested.
On the Extraction and Analysis of a Social Network with Partial Organizational Observation (2012)

The behavior of an organization may be inferred based on the behavior of its members, their contacts, and their connectivity. One approach to organizational analysis is the construction and interpretation of a social network graph, where entities of an organization (persons, vehicles, locations, events, etc.) are nodes, and edges represent varying kinds of connectivity between entities. This paper describes a transformation based approach to the extraction of a social network graph, where the original data comprising (partial) observation of the organization are embedded on a graph with a different ontology, and with many entities and edges that are unrelated to the organization of interest. Social network extraction allows the inference of implied relationships, and the selection of relationships relevant for intended analysis techniques. The analysis of the resulting social network graph is based on organizational and individual analysis, in order to permit an advanced user to draw conclusions regarding the behavior of the organization, based on established social network graph metrics. The results of the paper include a discussion of the complexity of analysis, and how the observation data graph is pruned in order to scale the application of analysis algorithms.
Experimental comparison of three target acquisition models (1998)

The role of the atmosphere in target acquisition modeling is investigated experimentally. Three models are compared to experimental results measured on the Golan Heights, israel. Concepts considered are atmospheric attenuation versus atmospheric blur, and contrast- limited (blur-limited) versus noise-limited imaging. Results indicate that the role of the atmosphere in target acquisition is blur rather than attenuation and that for ranges of the order of a few kilometers, modern sensors are limited by atmospheric blur rather than by noise. A significant portion of the atmospheric blur derives from small angle forward scattering by aerosols, which actually increases measured temperature differences for ranges up to a few kilometers.
Inhibition by a nonmetabolized analog of L-leucine of O2 uptake and insulin release in tumoral insulin-producing cells (1986)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Diffusion of molecular probes and the effects of their interactions with polymer matrices as studied by pulsed-field gradient NMR spectroscopy (2008)

Pulsed-field gradient NMR spectroscopy was used to study the interactions between small molecular probes and polymers bearing interacting groups. The self-diffusion coefficients of ethylene glycol and its oligomers and their methyl ester derivatives in poly(vinyl alcohol) gels were measured to study the effect of hydrogen bonding. The self-diffusion coefficients of small molecular probes containing hydroxyl, amine, and carboxylic acid groups were determined in several polymer matrices including poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(allylamine), and poly(acrylic acid) bearing lateral hydroxyl, amine, and carboxylic acid groups, respectively. The ionic interactions between the functional groups of the diffusants and of the polymers exhibited a marked effect on the diffusion of the molecular probes. For example, the reduced self-diffusion coefficients measured for a diffusant with a carboxylic acid group in a poly(allylamine) matrix were shown to be lower even though the molecular masses of the diffusants are similar.Key words: pulsed-field gradient NMR spectroscopy, self-diffusion, intermolecular interactions.
The evolutionary origins of play revisited: lessons from turtles (1998)

The origins of vertebrate play are obscure, but more understanding of these origins would aid greatly in clarifying and evaluating hypotheses about play (Bekoff & Byers 1981; Burghardt 1984, 1998). It has been clearly shown that some birds and most if not all groups of mammals show behavior currently classified as play (Ficken 1977; Fagen 1981; Ortega & Bekoff 1987). Is play behavior restricted to endothermic vertebrates with extensive parental care? Since the nineteenth century, during which claims for play were made for many invertebrates and vertebrates (Fagen 1981; Burghardt in press; Bekoff & Allen, Chapter 5), the generally accepted phyletic scope of play has become narrowed to the extent that it is generally limited to mammals and birds. If credible evidence for play outside of the mammalian and avian radiations is to be sought, key groups are found in the nonavian reptiles. Although I will use the term reptiles from here on, many authorities hold that reptiles are not a monophyletic group, that share a common ancestor. However, even if reptiles are monophyletic, birds would be part of that group, related most closely to crocodilians. Crocodilians are in many physiological, paleontological, and life history characteristics more similar to birds than other traditional reptile groups such as turtles. For example, crocodilians have a four-chambered heart and all show postnatal parental care, complete with a complex vocal communication system that includes 'contact' and 'distress' calls (Herzog & Burghardt 1977). As archosaurs, they share a more recent common ancestor with birds than with squamate reptiles or turtles.
[Types of corneal transplantation: experience and review]. (1998)

The authors review the 12 cases of matched corneal transplantation, performed at the CHU of Liège between 1991 and 1997. They expose their results together with a summary of the different hypotheses published so far in the field of corneal graft matching.
Biopersistence of Man-Made Vitreous Fibers and Crocidolite Asbestos in the Rat Lung Following Inhalation (1996)

This study investigated possible relationships between fiber biopersistence in the lung and previously observed differences in pulmonary toxicity between asbestos and man-made vitreous fibers (MMVF) following inhalation exposure. Fischer 344/N rats were exposed nose only, 6 hr/day for 5 days to 30 mg/m3 MMVF (two fiberglass compositions, rock wool, or slag wool) or to 10 mg/m3 crocidolite asbestos. At eight time points up to 1 year postexposure, lung fiber burdens were analyzed for number/lung and bivariate dimensions using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and for chemical composition using SEM energy dispersive spectroscopy. After 365 days, >95% of long (>20 μm) MMVFs had disappeared from the lung compared to only 17% of long crocidolite fibers. Longer MMVFs disappeared more rapidly than short MMVFs, suggesting that long fibers were dissolving or breaking. Mean diameters and lengths of the MMVFs decreased with time, while the mean diameter of crocidolite remained unchanged and its mean length showed an apparent increase, probably related to macrophage-mediated clearance of short fibers. Leaching of oxides occurred in the fibrous glasses and slag wool and correlated with morphological changes in the fibers over time. No chemical or morphological changes were observed in crocidolite fibers. These changes in MMVF number, chemistry, and morphology over time in lung tissue compared to crocidolite asbestos demonstrate the relatively low biological persistence of some MMVFs in the lung and may explain why these MMVFs are not tumorigenic in rats, even after chronic exposure at high concentrations.
Synthesis and Structure of 5-Methoxy-6,7-methylenedioxyflavone (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and Structure of 5-Methoxy-6,7-methylenedioxyflavoneA. S. Ng and W. P. GohCite this: J. Nat. Prod. 1990, 53, 3, 747–749Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 July 2004Published inissue 1 May 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/np50069a040https://doi.org/10.1021/np50069a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views193Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Proving Approximate Implementations for Probabilistic I/O Automata (2007)

In this paper we introduce the notion of approximate implementations for Probabilistic I/O Automata (PIOA) and develop methods for proving such relationships. We employ a task structure on the locally controlled actions and a task scheduler to resolve nondeterminism. The interaction between a scheduler and an automaton gives rise to a trace distribution—a probability distribution over the set of traces. We define a PIOA to be a (discounted) approximate implementation of another PIOA if the set of trace distributions produced by the first is close to that of the latter, where closeness is measured by the (resp. discounted) uniform metric over trace distributions. We propose simulation functions for proving approximate implementations corresponding to each of the above types of approximate implementation relations. Since our notion of similarity of traces is based on a metric on trace distributions, we do not require the state spaces nor the space of external actions of the automata to be metric spaces. We discuss applications of approximate implementations to verification of probabilistic safety and termination.
Closure to discussion of "Transmission loss allocation: part I - single energy market" (2004)

For original article by A. M. Leite da Silva and J. G. de Carvalho Costa see ibid., vol.18, p.1389-94, Nov. 2003 and for discussion by A. J. Conejo and F. D. Galiana see ibid., vol.19, no.4, p.2111, Nov. 2004.
Coprime factorization over a class of nonlinear systems (1992)

Abstract In this paper, we consider the problem of generalizing elements of linear coprime factorization theory to a nonlinear context. The idea is to work with a suitably wide class of nonlinear systems to cover many practical situations, yet not cope with so broad a class as to disallow useful generalizations to the linear results. In particular, we work with nonlinear systems characterized in terms of (possibly time‐varying) state‐dependent matrices A ( x ), B ( x ), C ( x ), D ( x ) and an initial state x 0 . (This class clearly does contain the class of finite‐dimensional linear (time‐varying) systems.) We achieve first right coprime factorizations for idealized situations. To achieve stable left factorizations we specialize to the case where the matrices are output‐dependent. Alternatively, we work with systems, perhaps augmented by a direct feedthrough term, where the input is reconstructible from the output. For nonlinear feedback control systems, with plant and controller having stable left factorizations, then under appropriate regularity‐conditions earlier results have allowed the generation of the class of stabilizing controllers for a system in terms of an arbitrary stable system (parameter). Plant uncertainties, including unknown initial conditions are modelled by means of a Yula–Kucera‐type parametrization approach developed for nonlinear systems. Certain robust stabilization results are also shown, and simulations demonstrate the regulation of nonlinear plants using the techniques developed. All the results are presented in such a way that specialization for the case of linear systems is immediate.