gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Metric properties of nurses' ratings of parkinsonian signs with a modified Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (1997)

We evaluated the ability of nurse clinicians to assess parkinsonian signs in older persons with a modified version of the motor section of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). After completing a structured training protocol, three nurse clinicians and a neurologist with expertise in movement disorders administered a modified UPDRS to 75 older persons. The nurses repeated the assessment about 3 weeks later. Inter-rater agreement and short-term temporal stability were estimated for each item, the total modified UPDRS score, and for summary measures of bradykinesia, postural reflex impairment, rigidity, and tremor, and a global parkinsonian sign score. We performed our assessment in Catholic religious communities in the Chicago area, using consecutive subjects at four communities participating in the Religious Orders Study, a longitudinal, clinical-pathologic study of older persons. Our results showed that nurses were not a significant source of variability, with intraclass correlations exceeding 0.97 for all items, and they showed good to excellent agreement with the neurologist for most modified UPDRS items. Correlations between nurses and neurologist exceeded 0.90 for the total modified UPDRS, ranged from 0.76 to 0.95 for the four parkinsonian domain scores, and exceeded 0.90 for the global parkinsonian sign score. Nurses showed fair to good agreement with themselves over the 3-week interval for most modified UPDRS items. Correlations over the 3-week interval exceeded 0.90 for the total modified UPDRS score, ranged from 0.70 to 0.95 for the four domain scores, and exceeded 0.90 for the global parkinsonian sign score. Ratings of parkinsonian signs by nurse clinicians corresponded closely to those of a neurologist with expertise in movement disorders and showed good inter-rater agreement and temporal stability. With appropriate training, nurse clinicians can reliably administer the modified UPDRS.
X as a Service, Cloud Computing, and the Need for Good Judgment (2009)

Editorial board member Henry Schaffer talks about the spreading "X as a service" phenomenon in the IT arena.
Evaluation of a direct blood culture disk diffusion antimicrobial susceptibility test (1981)

A total of 556 unique blood culture isolates of nonfastidious aerobic and facultatively anaerobic bacteria were examined by direct and standardized disk susceptibility test methods (4,234 antibiotic-organism comparisons). When discrepancies which could be accounted for by the variability inherent in disk diffusion susceptibility tests were excluded, the direct method demonstrated 96.8% overall agreement with the standardized method. A total of 1.6% minor, 1.5% major, and 0.1% very major discrepancies were noted.
Cross-resistance between methicillin and cephalosporins for staphylococci: a general assumption not true for cefamandole (1984)

The antibacterial activity of cefamandole was evaluated against 120 methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococcal strains, using both large (10(8) CFU per ml) and small (10(4) CFU per ml) inocula. Cefamandole appeared superior to cephalothin against methicillin-resistant strains, displaying at 10 micrograms/ml a bacteriostatic and for some strains a bactericidal action against a large inoculum of bacteria.
UCM-ROOM modelling: from use case maps to communicating state machines (2002)

A major problem we humans have in the engineering of complex, computer-based systems is understanding and defining how the required behaviour of a whole system is to be achieved by its components, without becoming lost in component-centric details such as internal state machines and intercomponent messages. This paper proposes and illustrates a modelling methodology for overcoming such problem that proceeds, in a systematic and traceable manner, from UCM models (use case maps), to MSC models (message sequence charts), to ROOM-style communicating-state-machine models. For concreteness in a limited space, the method is illustrated by a simple example that is not representative of the complex kinds of systems we have in mind.
Opposing Effects of Corepressor and Coactivators in Determining the Dose-Response Curve of Agonists, and Residual Agonist Activity of Antagonists, for Glucocorticoid Receptor-Regulated Gene Expression (1999)

A distinguishing, but unexplained, characteristic of steroid hormone action is the dose-response curve for the regulation of gene expression. We have previously reported that the dose-response curve for glucocorticoid induction of a transfected reporter gene in CV-1 and HeLa cells is repositioned in the presence of increasing concentrations of glucocorticoid receptors (GRs). This behavior is now shown to be independent of the reporter, promoter, or enhancer, consistent with our proposal that a transacting factor(s) was being titrated by added receptors. Candidate factors have been identified by the observation that changes in glucocorticoid induction parameters in CV-1 cells could be reproduced by varying the cellular levels of coactivators [transcriptional intermediary factor 2 (TIF2), steroid receptor coactivator 1 (SRC-1), and amplified in breast cancer 1 (AIB1)], comodulator [CREB-binding protein (CBP)], or corepressor [silencing mediator for retinoid and thyroid-hormone receptors (SMRT)] without concomitant increases in GR. Significantly, the effects of TIF2 and SMRT were mutually antagonistic. Similarly, additional SMRT could reverse the action of increased levels of GRs in HeLa cells, thus indicating that the effects of cofactors on transcription may be general for GR in a variety of cells. These data further indicate that GRs are yet an additional target of the corepressor SMRT. At the same time, these cofactors were found to be capable of regulating the level of residual agonist activity displayed by antiglucocorticoids. Finally, these observations suggest that a novel role for cofactors is to participate in processes that determine the dose-response curve, and partial agonist activity, of GR-steroid complexes. This new activity of cofactors is disconnected from their ability to increase or decrease GR transactivation. An equilibrium model is proposed in which the ratio of coactivator-corepressor bound to either receptor-agonist or -antagonist complexes regulates the final transcriptional properties.
A 21-Gb/s 87-mW Transceiver With FFE/DFE/Analog Equalizer in 65-nm CMOS Technology (2010)

A 21-Gb/s backplane transceiver has been presented. The transmitter incorporates half-rate topology with purely digital blocks to substantially reduce power consumption. The receiver employs analog and decision-feedback equalizers in a full-rate structure to avoid complicated structure. The one-tap decision-feedback equalizer merges the summer and the slicer into the flipflop, shortening the feedback path and speeding up the operation considerably. Fabricated in 65-nm CMOS, the transceiver (excluding clock generating PLL and CDR circuits) delivers 21-Gb/s data (2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">31</sup> - 1 PRBS) over 40-cm FR4 channel while consuming 87 mW from a 1.2-V supply.
Prediction of Asthma Exacerbations in Children by Innovative Exhaled Inflammatory Markers: Results of a Longitudinal Study (2015)

The predictive power of FeNO and inflammatory markers in EBC for prediction of an asthma exacerbation was low, even when combined with clinical characteristics and symptoms. Qualitative improvement of the chemical analysis of EBC may lead to a better non-invasive prediction of asthma exacerbations.
Update in calcium deposition diseases (2007)

Continued work will further our understanding of these common crystals and their associated clinical syndromes.
Production Ecology of Ants and Termites (1978)

Preface J. B. Cragg 1. Introduction M. V. Brian 2. Empirical data and demographic parameters C. Baroni-Urbani, G. Josens and G. J. Peakin 3. Production by ants and termites M. G. Nielson and G. Josens 4. Food and feeding habits of termites T. G. Wood 5. Food and feeding habits of ants D. J. Stradling: Foraging by seed-harvesting ants W. G. Whitford 6. Respiration and energy flow G. J. Peakin and G. Josens 7. Nutrient dynamics of termites J. P. La Fage and W. L. Nutting 8. Nutrient dynamics of ants A. Abbott 9. The role of termites in ecosystems T. G. Wood and W. A. Sands 10. The role of ants in ecosystems J. Petal: Comparison of various biomes B. Pisarski Appendices Bibliography Index.
Decoy Effectiveness in a Multiple Ship Environment (1988)

The primary objective of this project is to estimate the effectiveness of decoys against incoming missile attacks in a multiple-ship battle group (BG) environment. In this problem, we allow the number of ships, number of decoys, and the values of ships to vary. We also vary the values of the hard kill probabilities, the splash probabilities of decoyed missiles, probabilities that a missile's lock is broken by seduction decoys and the quality factor of the distraction decoys. When an Antiship Cruise Missile (ASCM) attacks a BG, it may hit a ship, it may get shot down, or it may get diverted. If it gets diverted it may lock onto a neighboring friendly ship. The measure of effectiveness is the probability that all ships survive the missile attack. Keywords: Ship defense systems; Battle group level organizations; Guided missile countermeasures; Theses. (EDC)
Automatic text categorization using the importance of sentences (2002)

Automatic text categorization is a problem of automatically assigning text documents to predefined categories. In order to classify text documents, we must extract good features from them. In previous research, a text document is commonly represented by the term frequency and the inverted document frequency of each feature. Since there is a difference between important sentences and unimportant sentences in a document, the features from more important sentences should be considered more than other features. In this paper, we measure the importance of sentences using text summarization techniques. Then a document is represented as a vector of features with different weights according to the importance of each sentence. To verify our new method, we conducted experiments on two language newsgroup data sets: one written by English and the other written by Korean. Four kinds of classifiers were used in our experiments: Naïve Bayes, Rocchio, k-NN, and SVM. We observed that our new method made a significant improvement in all classifiers and both data sets.
Anti-leukemia immunity is enabled by unmasking cross-reactive antigens with vaccination and checkpoint blockade (2015)

University of Minnesota Ph.D. dissertation. December 2015. Major: Molecular, Cellular, Developmental Biology and Genetics. Advisor: Michael Farrar. 1 computer file (PDF); xvii, 206 pages.
Theoretical Treatment of the Transport Equations for Electrons and Ions in a Mixed Conductor (1981)

The transport equations for the ions and electrons in a mixed conductor are considered. An exact solution of these equations in the steady state is given for a fixed ion concentration. Explicit analytic expressions are derived for the variation of electron concentration with position and applied voltage. From this, the electron chemical potential variations within the mixed conductor can be obtained. Explicit analytic expressions are also derived for the dependence of the current on the external voltage. The power output and energy conversion efficiency are then calculated for a fuel cell based on a mixed conductor. An example is discussed quantitatively. It is a high temperature fuel cell based on doped ceria and operating at 800°C.
Duplex Examination (1995)

Duplex examination offers a precise, noninvasive technique to make anatomic and functional venous diagnoses.
Cancellation of torque ripple due to nonidealities of permanent magnet synchronous machine drives (2004)

A method for calculating current waveforms to drive permanent-magnet synchronous machines for canceling torque ripple and minimizing stator ohmic losses is presented. The method is comparatively simple to those previously shown, and is more general. The method is valid for any shape of back EMF and can be used for unbalanced, asymmetrical operation. Simple equations result that can easily be applied in real time controls.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HEPARIN DOSAGE AND CLOTTING TIME (1948)

Abstract 1. The relationship between clotting time and heparin dosage has been studied in the dog. 2. On the addition of heparin to blood in vitro, a linear relation is found between heparin dosage and the logarithm of the clotting time obtained. The sensitivity of the blood sample to the action of added heparin is influenced both by the individual (coagulability of the blood before withdrawal) and by the technics of withdrawal and of determination of the clotting time. It is indicated that alterations in the latter may be used to extend the range of measurable hypocoagulability due to heparin. Incubation of heparin with blood for ten minutes increases its anticoagulant effect. 3. When moderate doses of heparin are injected intravenously, five to fifteen minutes are required for the clotting time to reach a maximum. No evidence of a biphasic response was obtained. The maximum clotting time obtained is greater than it is with the same amount of heparin added to the blood in vitro, due to the effect of incubation of heparin with blood on its anticoagulant activity. The in- terval required for the clotting time to return to normal is quite short, and with a given dosage is constant with different animals. Factors influencing the relation between duration of hypocoagulability and dosage are discussed. 4. A test has been devised to determine the sensitivity of the animal to the anticoagulant action of heparin. The clotting time response to certain concentrations of heparin added to the blood in vitro is determined. A fixed dose of heparin is then injected intravenously and the clotting time response is again determined. The response in vitro measures the sensitivity of the clotting system to heparin, while the in vivo response, when interpreted in the light of the in vitro response, measures the ability of the body to remove heparin from the circulation. 5. By means of this test, it has been determined that anesthesia with pentobarbital decreased the coagulability of the blood, urethane had no effect on coagulability, while the effect of ether was variable. The injection of india ink and evisceration caused a hypercoagulability, while removal of the kidneys had little effect. 6. When the sensitivity of the blood to the anticoagulant action of heparin was tested during these procedures, pentobarbital and nephrectomy had no effect, ether caused an increase in sensitivity, urethane a decrease. The injection of india ink and also evisceration markedly decreased the sensitivity of the blood to the anticoagulant action of heparin. 7. Anesthesia with pentobarbital, ether or urethane, the injection of india ink, removal of the kidneys, or removal of the gastrointestinal tract, had no effect on the duration of heparin action in the body.
Reactions of methylene (1962)

the most probable sequence of the reaction of keten at ordinary intensities of light is:Further reactions of type (Ls) and ( 5) could account for the formation of products of higher molecular weight, found deposited on the walls of the reaction vessel, and could also explain the fact that the ratio CO was C2H4 found to be larger than 2. Ethylene is formed only by reaction (2), -no direct association of two methylenes occurs.
Taylor Spatial Frame: Kinematics, Mechanical Properties and Automation (2005)

The Taylor Spatial Frame (TSF) is a recently introduced form of a circular external orthopaedic fixator for long bone fracture reduction and deformity correction. The TSF is constructed from two circular rings interconnected with six variable-length struts. Its kinematics are based on the Stewart-Gough platform. The TSF is attached to the patient's anatomy using fine wires and half-pins. In this thesis, three aspects of the TSF are analysed. First, the solution to non-trivial forward and inverse kinematics has been addressed. Second, the mechanical properties of the TSF fixator are investigated. Individual component stiffness is assessed separately and then the complete fixator is modelled. Simple stiffuess models of fine wires and half-pins are derived. Considerations for the use of the TSF for the peri-articular fractures are investigated and potential modifications are proposed. The effect of backlash in the frame components on the accuracy of the fixator has been analysed. Finally, in <:>rder to validate the kinematics solution, to provide a training aid for surgeons and to demonstrate the concept of accurately controlled interfragmentary motion, a prototype of an active TSF was designed and built. Computationally efficient algorithms for solving the forward and inverse kinematics have been developed that require little numerical processing overhead and can be implemented on a mobile computing device. It was found that the TSF fixator has similar axial stiffuess to the circular Ilizarov ring fixator, since wires and half-pins are significantly less stiff than the frames. Furthermore, the TSF exhibits more uniform stiffuess for a range of off-axis loads and is significantly stiffer for torsional loads than the Ilizarov fixator. Slack, in the form of a backlash, can lead to severe strains in the unloaded frames and therefore fractures, and hence precautions are recommended. Finally, considerations and prototype for the automated TSF are presented that can be utilised for demonstration purposes and surgeon training. Keywords: Taylor Spatial Frame, fine wire, half-pin, peri-articular fracture, active fixator, kinematics, orthopaedics, Stewart-Gough platform.
Characterization of Supported Solid Thin Films of Laponite Clay. Intercalation of Rhodamine 6G Laser Dye (2004)

The morphology of thin films of Laponite (Lap) clay elaborated by the evaporation method and spin-coating technique was analyzed by atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, indicating a better quality film for the latter procedure. Rhodamine 6G (R6G) laser dye was intercalated into these films by ion exchange mechanism, performed by immersing the clay film into adequate dye solutions in which the effect of the dye concentration, immersion time, and nature of the solvent on the adsorption process were checked. The adsorption of R6G at the interlayer space of Lap was analyzed by the X-ray diffraction technique, and the presence of several R6G species (monomers and aggregates) was characterized by absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies. Less viscous solvents lead to higher dye loadings, suggesting a diffusional process for the intercalation of the dye in the interlayer spaces of Lap, and polar solvents favor the swellability of the interlayer space giving rise to a more homogeneous distribution of R6G molecules through the film and decreasing the dye aggregation. With the aging of the samples, the dye molecules can migrate through the interlayer spaces, leading to a more expanded distribution of R6G molecules and to the dye deaggregation.
Contrasting Evolutionary Forces in the <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> Floral Developmental Pathway (2002)

The floral developmental pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana is composed of several interacting regulatory genes, including the inflorescence architecture gene TERMINAL FLOWER1 (TFL1), the floral meristem identity genes LEAFY (LFY), APETALA1 (AP1), and CAULIFLOWER (CAL), and the floral organ identity genes APETALA3 (AP3) and PISTILLATA (PI). Molecular population genetic analyses of these different genes indicate that the coding regions of AP3 and PI, as well as AP1 and CAL, share similar levels and patterns of nucleotide diversity. In contrast, the coding regions of TFL1 and LFY display a significant reduction in nucleotide variation, suggesting that these sequences have been subjected to a recent adaptive sweep. Moreover, the promoter of TFL1, unlike its coding region, displays high levels of diversity organized into two distinct haplogroups that appear to be maintained by selection. These results suggest that patterns of molecular evolution differ among regulatory genes in this developmental pathway, with the earlier acting genes exhibiting evidence of adaptive evolution.
Implementing Flexible Learning Practices in Tourism Courses (2003)

ABSTRACT The design and delivery of quality tourist experiences will be the key focus for tourism and hospitality professionals throughout the 21st Century. This outcome will be promoted through educational design and delivery that meet the needs of a diverse range of tourism students. Aspiring towards this aim, a process for introducing flexible learning practices in the development of tourism courses is outlined. This process is then applied to the redevelopment of a tourism project course. To conclude, the utility of flexible learning practices and information and communication technology for delivering quality learning outcomes to students separated by geographic distances is critically appraised with reference to tourism course development.
Microemulsions and organogels: Properties and novel applications (1993)

The phase behavior of surfactant – oil – water mixtures gives rise to a wide variety of possible equilibrium systems, including microemulsions. The Figure shows one model for a gelatin‐containing microemulsion‐based organogel deduced from data from small‐angle neutron scattering. The conditions required and the stability of microemulsions are briefly reviewed before their applications, and the supramolecular architectures they provide, are considered in more detail. magnified image
Optimization of Heterogeneous Databases Data Synchronization in WAN by Virtual Log Compression (2010)

Data synchronization based on virtual log is now widely used, while huge log records will affect the efficiency of data synchronization, especially when the master side has frequent changes in same record. Virtual log compression will calculate and merge log records, and only those records related with data synchronization will be left and therefore reducing network traffic and improve the efficiency of data synchronization. Virtual log compression is particularly suitable for heterogeneous database and asynchronous data synchronization in WAN, and has a high prospect.
YALIH, yet another low interaction honeyclient (2014)

Low-interaction honeyclients employ static detection techniques such as signatures, heuristic or anomaly detection in the identification of malicious websites. They are associated with low detection rate and failure to identify zero-day and obfuscated attacks. This paper presents a low-interaction client honeypot that employs multiple signature detection engines in combination with de-obfuscation and de-minification of JavaScript code to improve the detection of attack signatures. Pattern matching in the process of identifying the static malicious code characteristics through using regular expressions, provides additional layer of detection. YALIH can achieve low false positive and false negative rate while significantly reducing scanning time and required hardware resources compared to a high interaction client honeypot. YALIH's virtual browser can handle cookies, redirection and mimic popular browser headers and imitate referrer information. Our experiments with real-world malicious websites demonstrate that similar to Web Spam, malicious websites utilize referrer tracking and cloaking techniques to deliver malicious content to selected users visiting the target domain from specific referrer websites.