gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Role of Neighboring Groups in Replacement Reactions. XIX. Polarimetric Acetolysis Rate of trans-2-Acetoxycyclohexyl p-Toluenesulfonate (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRole of Neighboring Groups in Replacement Reactions. XIX. Polarimetric Acetolysis Rate of trans-2-Acetoxycyclohexyl p-ToluenesulfonateS. Winstein and Richard HeckCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 22, 5584–5586Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01142a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01142a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views108Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
“Blinding” Empty Sella (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Optimized Graphical Processing Unit Processing Framework for Surface Rendering in 4D Ultrasound Imaging (2014)

Four-dimensional (4D) ultrasound imaging extends the real-time capability of ultrasound to visualize a realtime volume that can be manipulated by the sonographer.Among the different visualization methods, surface rendering is a common mode for displaying volumetric datasets such as in obstetrical applications.A challenge in this mode is that surface shading is required to visualize the surface and enhances the surface contrast and this has very demanding computational requirements for 3D surfaces.Here, we present an optimized highperformance rendering pipeline based on four stages for preprocessing, volume rendering, surface shading, and postprocessing.The new approach is implemented to render volumes acquired on a 4D commercial ultrasound imaging system to illustrate its practicality.The results demonstrate diagnostic quality of rendered volumes at a computational time cost that is suitable for 4D real-time processing.Given its low cost of required hardware, the new pipeline has potential for making 4D imaging systems more affordable while maintaining diagnostic quality and performance.
Reactions of bromotrifluoromethane and related halides: synthesis of trifluoromethyl sulphides from disulphides (1991)

The reaction of trifluoromethyl bromide with disulphides in the presence of dithionite or hydroxymethanesulphinate salts in DMF–H2O (DMF = dimethylformamide) medium leads to the formation of aliphatic and aromatic trifluoromethyl sulphides.
Effect of sodium channel abundance on Drosophila development, reproductive capacity and aging (2012)

The voltage-gated Na (+) channels (VGSC) are complex membrane proteins responsible for generation and propagation of the electrical signals through the brain, the skeletal muscle and the heart. The levels of sodium channels affect behavior and physical activity. This is illustrated by the maleless mutant allele (mle (napts)) in Drosophila, where the decreased levels of voltage-gated Na(+) channels cause temperature-sensitive paralysis. Here, we report that mle (napts) mutant flies exhibit developmental lethality, decreased fecundity and increased neurodegeneration. The negative effect of decreased levels of Na(+) channels on development and ts-paralysis was more pronounced at 18 and 29°C than at 25°C, suggesting particular sensitivity of the mle (napts) flies to temperatures above and below normal environmental conditions. Similarly, longevity of mle (napts) flies was unexpectedly short at 18 and 29°C compared with flies heterozygous for the mle (napts) mutation. Developmental lethality and neurodegeneration of mle (napts) flies was partially rescued by increasing the dosage of para, confirming a vital role of Na(+) channels in development, longevity and neurodegeneration of flies and their adaptation to temperatures.
Regulation of Fas Ligand Expression by IL-8 in Human Endometrium (2002)

Numerous cytokines and growth factors are synthesized in the endometrium. IL-8 is one of these cytokines regulating endometrial function. It is a neutrophil chemoattractant/ activating factor and a potent angiogenic agent. IL-8 is elevated in the peritoneal fluid of women with endometriosis. We have previously demonstrated a direct proliferative effect of IL-8 on endometrial stromal cells. We hypothesized that increased levels of IL-8 in the endometriotic environment could up- regulate Fas ligand (FasL) expression in endometrial cells and may be relevant for the development of a relative local immunotolerance in endometriosis by inducing apoptosis of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. To test our hypothesis, we studied the in vitro regulation of FasL expression and apoptosis by IL-8 in endometrial cells. Western blot analysis in endometrial stromal, glandular, and Ishikawa cells revealed that IL-8 up- regulated FasL protein expression in these cells. By semiquantitative RT-PCR analysis, IL-8 does not alter the expression of either Fas or FasL mRNA levels in these cells. Immunocytochemistry results from endometrial stromal cells treated with IL-8 demonstrated an up-regulation of FasL protein expression. IL-8 decreased apoptosis rate in endometrial stromal cells as evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end-labeling assay. We observed an increased apoptotic rate in Jurkat (T lymphocyte line) cells plated on endometrial stromal cells previously treated with IL-8. We speculate that increased FasL expression by IL-8 may induce apoptosis of T lymphocytes and thus produce a local immunotolerant environment for the development of ectopic implants.
Computational automata simulation of blastocoel roof thinning in the Xenopu laevis embryo (2003)

Computer simulation of the interactions between numerous cells is a novel approach to analyzing and comprehending the spatial and temporal patterns that are formed in a large network of cells within a tissue. Coupled with experimental observation, computational modeling at the cellular level is a powerful method that is capable of providing valuable information about the functions of quite complex biological systems. For this study, the biological system under examination is the Xenopus laevis embryo. In the blastocoel roof of the Xenopus laevis embryo, thinning of multiple cell layers into two cell layers is accomplished via radial intercalation of the deep layer cells. A cell-based simulation has been developed to analzye the process of blastocoel roof (BCR) thinning event. The cellular automata model can predict important characteristics of the BCR thinning process including total thinning time and spatial fibronectin fibril densities.
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION OF A GLYCOSYL DONOR SUITABLE FOR SYNTHESIS OF GLYCOPROTEIN “CORE” OLIGOSACCHARIDES (1985)

Abstract Die aus (Ia) über die Stufen (Ib)‐(Id) dargestellte selektiv blockierte Glucose (Ie) wird zu (IIa) hydrolysiert und anschließend in den Glykosyldonor (IIb) übergefuhrt.
Recurrent Traumatic Dislocation of the Hip: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature (1997)

The case of a twenty-one-year-old female athlete with recurrent traumatic posterior hip dislocation is presented. A simple repair of an inferomedial capsular tear was performed. No bone block was used. The patient's recovery was uneventful. No avascular changes of the femoral head occurred and minimal formation of ectopic bone was observed. Eighteen months postoperatively, the hip functioned normally and the patient had returned to competitive alpine skiing. The literature on adult recurrent traumatic hip dislocation is reviewed.
The non-essential UL50 gene of avian infectious laryngotracheitis virus encodes a functional dUTPase which is not a virulence factor (2000)

The DNA sequence of the infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) UL50, UL51 and UL52 gene homologues was determined. Although the deduced UL50 protein lacks the first of five conserved domains of the corresponding proteins of mammalian alphaherpesviruses, the ILTV gene product was also shown to possess dUTPase activity. The generation of UL50-negative ILTV mutants was facilitated by recombination plasmids encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP), and expression constructs of predicted transactivator proteins of ILTV (alphaTIF, ICP4) were successfully used to increase the infectivity of viral genomic DNA. A GFP-expressing UL50-deletion mutant of ILTV showed reduced cell-to-cell spread in vitro, and was attenuated in vivo. A similar deletion mutant without the foreign gene, however, propagated like wild-type ILTV in cell culture and was pathogenic in chickens. We conclude that the viral dUTPase is not required for efficient replication of ILTV in the respiratory tract of infected animals. The replication defect of the GFP-expressing ILTV recombinant is most likely caused by toxic effects of the reporter gene product, since spontaneously occurring inactivation mutants exhibited wild-type-like growth.
Hypoxic stress induces, but cannot sustain trophoblast stem cell differentiation to labyrinthine placenta due to mitochondrial insufficiency (2014)

Dysfunctional stem cell differentiation into placental lineages is associated with gestational diseases. Of the differentiated lineages available to trophoblast stem cells (TSC), elevated O2 and mitochondrial function are necessary to placental lineages at the maternal-placental surface and important in the etiology of preeclampsia. TSC lineage imbalance leads to embryonic failure during uterine implantation. Stress at implantation exacerbates stem cell depletion by decreasing proliferation and increasing differentiation. In an implantation site O2 is normally ~2%. In culture, exposure to 2% O2 and fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4) enabled the highest mouse TSC multipotency and proliferation. In contrast, hypoxic stress (0.5% O2) initiated the most TSC differentiation after 24h despite exposure to FGF4. However, hypoxic stress supported differentiation poorly after 4-7 days, despite FGF4 removal. At all tested O2 levels, FGF4 maintained Warburg metabolism; mitochondrial inactivity and aerobic glycolysis. However, hypoxic stress suppressed mitochondrial membrane potential and maintained low mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase (oxidative phosphorylation/OxPhos), and high pyruvate kinase M2 (glycolysis) despite FGF4 removal. Inhibiting OxPhos inhibited optimum differentiation at 20% O2. Moreover, adding differentiation-inducing hyperosmolar stress failed to induce differentiation during hypoxia. Thus, differentiation depended on OxPhos at 20% O2; hypoxic and hyperosmolar stresses did not induce differentiation at 0.5% O2. Hypoxia-limited differentiation and mitochondrial inhibition and activation suggest that differentiation into two lineages of the labyrinthine placenta requires O2>0.5-2% and mitochondrial function. Stress-activated protein kinase increases an early lineage and suppresses later lineages in proportion to the deviation from optimal O2 for multipotency, thus it is the first enzyme reported to prioritize differentiation.
Survivors of ventricular fibrillation have persistent cardiovascular risk factors late in follow-up (2011)

Despite regular medical consultation, a large proportion of the patients had persistent cardiovascular risk factors and were often suboptimally treated. Unexpectedly, latent heart failure and unrecognized diabetes are observed in a large proportion of the patients, as well as elevated inflammatory markers. Genetic analysis may be rewarding, as 46% of the patients had a family history of SCD. Full medical attention, optimizing drug therapy, and counselling of these patients is necessary.
An Approach to Rapid Estimation of Relative Binding Affinities of Enzyme Inhibitors:  Application to Peptidomimetic Inhibitors of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Protease (1996)

This report describes a method for rapid assessment of the binding affinities of a series of analogous ligands to an enzyme. This approach is based on two variables (scores), representing (i) the enthalpy of binding and (ii) the strength of hydrophobic interaction. The method is then used to evaluate the binding of 11 different peptidomimetic inhibitors to the HIV-1 protease. Three-dimensional structures of these enzyme-inhibitor complexes are modeled based on the crystal structures of HIV-1 protease complexes with the known inhibitors. These structures are minimized using the AMBER force field, and the scores of binding enthalpy for each of the ligands are calculated. A second score to represent the hydrophobic interaction between a pair of atoms uses an exponential function of distance between the atoms and the product of their atomic hydrophobicity constants. This exponential function is used to assess the hydrophobic interaction energy between an enzyme and its inhibitor and also to compute and display a 'molecular hydrophobicity map' as a 3D visualization tool. These methods are then applied to obtain trends in relative binding affinities of pairs of analogous inhibitors. Calculated scores agree well with corresponding results from thermodynamic cycle perturbation (TCP) simulations as well as experimental binding data. Since the proposed calculations are computationally cheaper and faster than TCP calculations, it is suggested that these scores can form the basis for rapid, preliminary theoretical screening of proposed derivatives of an inhibitor prior to TCP analysis, synthesis, and testing.
Efficient High-Quality Volume Rendering of SPH Data (2010)

High quality volume rendering of SPH data requires a complex order-dependent resampling of particle quantities along the view rays. In this paper we present an efficient approach to perform this task using a novel view-space discretization of the simulation domain. Our method draws upon recent work on GPU-based particle voxelization for the efficient resampling of particles into uniform grids. We propose a new technique that leverages a perspective grid to adaptively discretize the view-volume, giving rise to a continuous level-of-detail sampling structure and reducing memory requirements compared to a uniform grid. In combination with a level-of-detail representation of the particle set, the perspective grid allows effectively reducing the amount of primitives to be processed at run-time. We demonstrate the quality and performance of our method for the rendering of fluid and gas dynamics SPH simulations consisting of many millions of particles.
An all fiber-optic sensor for surface acoustic wave measurements (1983)

A surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor constructed from single-mode fiber-optic components is described. An analysis of reciprocal and nonreciprocal modes of operation of the sensor is presented. Results from measurements on a variety of SAW devices illustrate the use of the sensor. The amplitude sensitivity is 0.0003 Å for an integration time of 0.1 s.
Axis-Crossing Intervals of Rayleigh Processes (1965)

Let R(t,a) denote the envelope of a stationary random process consisting of a sinusoidal signal of amplitude <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\sqrt{2a}$</tex> and frequen f <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</inf> 10 plus Gaussian noise of unit variance having a narrow-band power spectral density which is symmetrical about f <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</inf> . When a = 0 Rice <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> presented some theoretical results which are very useful for studying statistical properties of the axis-crossing intervals of R(t,0). The axis-crossing points and the axis-crossing intervals of the Rayleigh process R(t,a) are defined in Fig. 1. Some recent work concerning the axis-crossing in tervals of R(t,a) was reported by Levin and Fomin <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , Goryainov, <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> and Rainal. <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4,5</sup> The purpose of this brief is to present some theoretical results when a ≧ 0, These results stcm from a straightforward extension of Rice's analysis. The Rayleigh process R(t,a) occurs at the output of a typical radio or radar receiver duringing the reception of a sinusoidal signal immersed in Gaussian noise.
Block of inhibitory junction potentials and TREK‐1 channels in murine colon by Ca<sup>2+</sup> store‐active drugs (2008)

Post-junctional enteric inhibitory responses are composed of at least two components attributed to the release of a purine and nitric oxide (NO). The nitrergic component is characterized by membrane potential hyperpolarization; however, the conductances involved and the role of Ca(2+) stores in regulating these conductances are controversial. Conventional microelectrode recordings were performed in intact muscle strips and whole-cell voltage clamp experiments were performed on freshly dispersed cells and COS7 cells stably transfected with TREK-1 channels. Here we show that several Ca(2+) store-active compounds, including caffeine, ryanodine, and cyclopiazonic acid, reduce inhibitory junction potentials and responses to sodium nitroprusside in murine colonic muscles. We previously proposed that two-pore K(+) channels of the TREK family mediate a portion of the hyperpolarization response to NO in colonic muscles. We tested the effects of Ca(2+) store-active drugs in COS cells expressing murine TREK-1 channels and found these compounds block TREK-1 currents. These effects were greatly attenuated by dialysing cells with protein kinase A inhibitory peptide (PKAI). Caffeine also blocked stretch-dependent K(+) (SDK) channels, thought to be due to expression of TREK channels, in colonic myocytes, but these effects were not apparent in excised patches. Taken together our data show that Ca(2+) store-active compounds inhibit TREK-1 channels, native SDK channels, and nitrergic inhibitory junction potentials. These effects appear to be due, in part, to the cAMP/PKA stimulatory actions of these drugs and inhibitory effects of TREK channels.
Report on Limit of Accuracy in the Determination of Small Amounts of Alcohol in Beers (1923)

Journal Article Report on Limit of Accuracy in the Determination of Small Amounts of Alcohol in Beers Get access B G Hartmann B G Hartmann Referee U. S. Food and Drug Inspection Station, Chicago, Ill. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Association of Official Agricultural Chemists, Volume 7, Issue 2, 15 November 1923, Page 133, https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/7.2.133 Published: 10 March 2020
Clause du fournisseur le plus favorisé : La Commission européenne clôture l'enquête relative aux clauses du fournisseur le plus favorisé dans les contrats entre studios hollywoodiens et chaînes de télévision à péage (Studios hollywoodiens) (2004)

Fin de l'enquete relative aux clauses du fournisseur le plus favorise figurant dans les contrats de fourniture conclu entre les studios hollywoodiens et les chaines de television a peage Comm. CE,…
Value of Laboratory Tests in the Differential Diagnosis of Hypercalcemia (1985)

No AccessJournal of UrologyMetabolism, Endocrinology and Immunology1 May 1985Value of Laboratory Tests in the Differential Diagnosis of Hypercalcemia J.C. Boyd and J.H. Ladenson J.C. BoydJ.C. Boyd More articles by this author and J.H. LadensonJ.H. Ladenson More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)49307-4AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Value of Laboratory Tests in the Differential Diagnosis of Hypercalcemia." The Journal of Urology, 133(5), pp. 925–926 © 1985 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 133Issue 5May 1985Page: 925-926 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1985 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information J.C. Boyd More articles by this author J.H. Ladenson More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
End-to-end speaker-attributed ASR with Transformer (2025)

This paper presents our recent effort on end-to-end speaker-attributed automatic speech recognition, which jointly performs speaker counting, speech recognition and speaker identification for monaural multi-talker audio. Firstly, we thoroughly update the model architecture that was previously designed based on a long short-term memory (LSTM)-based attention encoder decoder by applying transformer architectures. Secondly, we propose a speaker deduplication mechanism to reduce speaker identification errors in highly overlapped regions. Experimental results on the LibriSpeechMix dataset shows that the transformer-based architecture is especially good at counting the speakers and that the proposed model reduces the speaker-attributed word error rate by 47% over the LSTM-based baseline. Furthermore, for the LibriCSS dataset, which consists of real recordings of overlapped speech, the proposed model achieves concatenated minimum-permutation word error rates of 11.9% and 16.3% with and without target speaker profiles, respectively, both of which are the state-of-the-art results for LibriCSS with the monaural setting.