gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Role of BCR/ABL gene-expression levels in determining the phenotype and imatinib sensitivity of transformed human hematopoietic cells (2007)

Increased levels of Bcr-Abl expression in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) cells are associated with disease progression and imatinib (IM) resistance. However, it is not clear if these associations are a direct result of elevated Bcr-Abl expression. We used a human transduction model of CML to directly investigate the role of varying Bcr-Abl expression levels in determining the phenotype and IM sensitivity of hematopoietic cells. CD34(+) cells were transduced with vectors coexpressing Bcr-Abl and GFP, and cells expressing low and high levels of GFP and Bcr-Abl (BA(lo) and BA(hi)) were selected. BA(hi) cells demonstrated enhanced activation of downstream proliferative and antiapoptotic signaling and enhanced proliferation and survival compared to BA(lo) cells. Freshly isolated BA(hi) CD34(+) cells and cell lines demonstrated increased IM-mediated growth inhibition likely reflecting Bcr-Abl dependence for growth and survival. CD34(+) cells expressing BCR/ABL kinase-mutant genes demonstrated resistance to IM-mediated inhibition of proliferation and viability, which was not enhanced by increased expression of BCR/ABL kinase-mutant genes. We conclude that Bcr-Abl overexpression results in increased proliferation and antiapoptotic signaling in CD34(+) cells, but may not play a direct role in IM resistance in progenitor cells expressing either wild-type or mutant BCR/ABL genes.
Agent Technology: Computing as Interaction (A Roadmap for Agent Based Computing) (2005)

This roadmap has been prepared as part of the activities of AgentLink III, the European Coordination Action for Agent-Based Computing (IST-FP6-002006CA).
Chromatic parameter space representation of LCD operating modes (1997)

The majority of studies focused on the effectiveness of TTM on the behavioral change management. This finding supported the hypothesis that TTM can be applied in the prevention of CDs.
Caenorhabditis elegans FOS-1 and JUN-1 Regulate<i>plc-1</i>Expression in the Spermatheca to Control Ovulation (2009)

Fos and Jun are components of activator protein-1 (AP-1) and play crucial roles in the regulation of many cellular, developmental, and physiological processes. Caenorhabditis elegans fos-1 has been shown to act in uterine and vulval development. Here, we provide evidence that C. elegans fos-1 and jun-1 control ovulation, a tightly regulated rhythmic program in animals. Knockdown of fos-1 or jun-1 blocks dilation of the distal spermathecal valve, a critical step for the entry of mature oocytes into the spermatheca for fertilization. Furthermore, fos-1 and jun-1 regulate the spermathecal-specific expression of plc-1, a gene that encodes a phospholipase C (PLC) isozyme that is rate-limiting for inositol triphosphate production and ovulation, and overexpression of PLC-1 rescues the ovulation defect in fos-1(RNAi) worms. Unlike fos-1, regulation of ovulation by jun-1 requires genetic interactions with eri-1 and lin-15B, which are involved in the RNA interference pathway and chromatin remodeling, respectively. At least two isoforms of jun-1 are coexpressed with fos-1b in the spermatheca, and different AP-1 dimers formed between these isoforms have distinct effects on the activation of a reporter gene. These findings uncover a novel role for FOS-1 and JUN-1 in the reproductive system and establish C. elegans as a model for studying AP-1 dimerization.
Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer in Fluidized Beds (2000)

Heat transfer between submerged surfaces and gas-fluidized beds depends on fluid mechanics and particle dynamics. Therefore, reliable prediction of the heat transfer coefficient must be based on the observation of particle motion towards and from solid surfaces. Experiments with luminescent particles reveal a rather broad particle residence time distribution at solid surfaces. This broad residence time distribution gives rise to a smearing-out effect of the two different heat transfer mechanisms, namely particle convective and gas convective, respectively. Well-defined residence times can be realized by means of a rudimentary variant of fluidized bed heat transfer in the form of moving bed heat transfer. Experimental and theoretical results obtained from moving bed heat transfer allow the sound modeling of the two "pure" mechanisms (particle convective and gas convective). A predictive equation is derived which may be seen as a safe interpolation between the two extremes. The comparison with a large number of experiments proves the reliability of the prediction with respect to any feature of fluidized bed heat transfer.
Cytolytic Granules as Targets for Immunosuppressive Therapy: Selective Ablation of CTL by Leucyl-Leucine Methyl Ester (1993)

Cytotoxic lymphocytes constitute a subset of immune effector cells defined by their unique capacity for cell-mediated cytotoxicity. A number of observations have suggested that these cells play a crucial role in the mediation of allograft rejection, elimination of virally infected cells, and control of tumor cell growth. Pharamacologic agents capable of selectively modulating cytotoxic lymphocyte function are therefore likely to be of value not only in delineating the role of these effector cells in such immune responses but also in ameliorating a variety of disease states. Whereas a variety of currently available immunosuppressive agents are capable of impairing generation of activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), such effects appear to relate largely to nonspecific impairment of cell proliferation or T-helper cell function necessary for CTL activation, and not to selective impairment of this lymphocyte effector function.
Electron Transport of Low Transmission Barrier between Ferromagnet and Two-Dimensional Electron Gas (2DEG) (2005)

The junction properties between the ferromagnet (FM) and two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) system are crucial to develop spin electronic devices. Two types of 2DEG layer, InAs and GaAs channel heterostructures, are fabricated to compare the junction properties of the two systems. InAs-based 2DEG layer with low trans-mission barrier contacts FM and shows ohmic behavior. GaAs-based 2DEG layer with <TEX>$Al_2O_3$</TEX> tunneling layer is also prepared. During heat treatment at the furnace, arsenic gas was evaporated and top AlAs layer was converted to aluminum oxide layer. This new method of forming spin injection barrier on 2DEG system is very efficient to obtain tunneling behavior. In the potentiometric measurement, spin-orbit coupling of 2DEG layer is observed in the interface between FM and InAs channel 2DEG layers, which proves the efficient junction property of spin injection barrier.
An Aerodynamic Design and the Overall Stage Performance of an Air-cooled Axial-flow Turbine (1981)

高温タービン用の空冷タービン翼列は、空気冷却という条件から非冷却タービン翼列にくらべ、より低いソリディティをもち翼の肉厚およひ翼前縁、後縁部も厚く、かつ高圧、高負荷のためアスペクト比も低い。本報では、そうした特徴をもつタービン翼の設計方法の詳細を述べ、またその翼列の性能を確かめるための実機大回転試験タービンによる空力性能実験の結果を述べた。その結果、最大断熱効率86.5％を得、種々な制約を受ける空冷タービン翼列も、従来から非冷却翼の設計に用いられて来た方法の延長で設計しても、性能を大きく損なうことはないことが判った。
Stereospecificity in meta-fission catabolic pathways (1983)

The stereospecificities of 2-keto-4-pentenoate hydratase and 4-hydroxy-2-ketovalerate aldolase were studied in Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas putida, and Acinetobacter sp. Hydration was stereospecific in all three; however, only P. putida and Acinetobacter sp. showed stereospecificity in their aldolase reactions.
Identification of optimal ranges in ribeye area for portion cutting of beef steaks. (2000)

Restaurant-ready (21-d aged, needle tenderized) loin steaks (strip, S; and T-bone, TB) representing three portion sizes (227, 284, and 340 g for S; 397, 454, and 510 g for TB) were portioned from 71 low-Choice beef carcasses representing seven ribeye size groups (70.9 cm2 and less to 103.2 cm2 and greater, in 6.3-cm2 increments). Steaks (n = 568) were cooked on a grooved grill to temperatures of either 67 or 77 degrees C and evaluated for cooking characteristics, sensory attributes (n = 284), and shear force (n = 284) to identify optimal ribeye areas for portioned steaks. As expected, thickness of all portioned steaks decreased (P < .05) as ribeye size increased, whereas thickness of steaks increased (P < .05) as portion size increased. The S were significantly thicker than TB. The TB cooked faster (P < .05) than did S for ribeye areas 77.4 to 83.8 cm2 in the average portion sizes and for ribeye areas 71.0 to 96.6 cm2 in the large portion sizes. However, S cooked significantly faster than did TB for ribeye areas less than 70.9 cm2 in the average portion sizes. The S had higher (P < .05) initial tenderness scores and lower (P < .05) shear values than did TB. Initial tenderness scores were lower (P < .05) for ribeye areas greater than 103.2 cm2 compared with ribeye areas less than 83.8 cm2 and 90.3 to 96.6 cm2, with all others being intermediate. Shear force tended (P = .08) to follow the initial tenderness results. The S cooked to both end point temperatures, and TB cooked to 67 degrees C had higher (P < .05) initial tenderness scores than did TB cooked to 77 degrees C. Tenderness was reduced in TB cooked to higher temperatures as well as in S and TB portioned from ribeye areas greater than 103.2 cm2. Steaks portioned from carcasses with ribeye areas between 77.4 to 96.6 cm2 can optimize both cooking time and tenderness for the foodservice sector.
Estimation of uncertainty regarding soil breakdown parameters (2010)

The behaviour of a grounding system under fault currents differs from its steady-state behaviour. It has been observed that, when a high impulse current is injected into the grounding system, its impulse impedance drops because of the ionisation phenomenon. The critical parameter for the ionisation phenomenon is the soil critical electric field, which corresponds to the electric field threshold above which the soil ionisation occurs. In bibliography various attempts have been made aiming at its estimation. However, a physical quantity is determined not only by its value, but also by an estimation of the uncertainty. The aim of this work is the analysis of the components of uncertainty and the estimation of the uncertainty regarding the determination of the breakdown voltage associated with the soil critical electric field. Therefore a series of measurements has been conducted by subjecting dry and wet soil samples to impulse voltages, while recording the voltage and the current. Based on these measurements the random uncertainty is calculated while an estimation of the systematic uncertainty is given taking into account the measuring equipment.
Ultrasonic Linear Motor using L1–B4 Mode and its Analysis (2005)

This paper presents the results of a transient dynamic analyses and experiments on an ultrasonic linear motor (USLM). For a simulation of dynamics of the ultrasonic linear motor, an analytic method has been used. Numerical analysis was performed to determine the precise characteristics of the ultrasonic linear motor. The contact between slider and stator has hindered the transient dynamic finite element method (FEM) analysis of ultrasonic motors. In this study, the problem was solved using the reaction force. Transforming the applied electric field to the mechanical reaction force, transient dynamic analysis was performed in contact condition. The resonance frequency and the velocity of the linear motor were determined to be 35.6 kHz and 34 cm/s respectively from FEM analysis. And the equilibration time when the vibration and velocity of motor reach the steady states can be calculated. The validity of analysis results including eigen frequencies and a velocity of a motor, was confirmed by comparison with steady state analysis and experiments.
0.27-TW, sub-17-fs laser system at 1 kHz (1998)

Summary form only given. We present new results on a high average power (kHz), high peak power (0.27 TW) laser system based on Ti:sapphire. We have recently demonstrated pulses as short as 16.5 fs at a fraction of a TW and characterized these pulses using second-harmonic frequency optical gating (SHG-FROG). Our work represents the highest-average power, sub-20-fs laser system developed to date. Our laser design uses two multipass ring amplifiers.
Defect-assisted plasmonic sensing (2013)

We report on a new class of plasmonic nanosensor which combines extraordinary optical transmission and resonance within structural defects in a plasmonic crystal. Resonant modes within the defect increase plasmon wave lifetime leading to enhanced light-analyte interactions. Initial sensitivity characterization was performed and simple linear regression analysis determines sensitivity to be 501nm·RIU <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> , showing improvement over traditional nanohole array sensors.
Neural networks for image coding: a review (1996)

Images are forming an increasingly large part of modern communications, bringing the need for efficient and effective compression. This survey aims to give the reader a feel for the wide range of ways in which neural network technology has been applied to image compression. Many variants of vector quantisation are presented which use the topology preservation of the self-organising map in a variety of ways. Image coding using neural networks to guide a classical coding technique have been largely overlooked. Some promising contributions in this area are also discussed. Finally, a range of transform and predictive coding techniques are described.
Response of accelerated fast RLS adaptive filters to linear chirps (1991)

The author considers the problem of tracking a linearly chirped sinusoid with additive noise with an accelerated fast recursive least squares (FRLS) adaptive filtering algorithm, which was proven to be as efficient as the least mean square (LMS) algorithm for the identification of time-varying filters. It is shown both theoretically and experimentally that the accelerated fast RLS algorithm has the same performance as the standard fast RLS (which is inferior to the LMS performance). Thus, the acceleration method does not improve the performance in the chirp tracking context; however, the choice of the forgetting factor is made more flexible.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Oedometer for High Pressure Applications and Neutron Studies. (2013)

Abstract not provided.
Smoking Cessation With Varenicline, a Selective α4β2 Nicotinic Receptor Partial Agonist (2006)

Varenicline tartrate demonstrated both short-term (1 mg twice daily and 1 mg once daily) and long-term efficacy (1 mg twice daily) vs placebo. Varenicline was well tolerated and may provide a novel therapy to aid smoking cessation.
Dietary Feeding of Silibinin Prevents Early Biomarkers of UVB Radiation–Induced Carcinogenesis in SKH-1 Hairless Mouse Epidermis (2005)

Solar radiation is the causal etiologic factor in the development of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC). Depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer leads to an increase in ambient UV radiation loads, which are expected to further raise skin cancer incidence in many temperate parts of the world, including the United States, suggesting that skin cancer chemopreventive approaches via biomarker efficacy studies or vice versa are highly warranted. Based on our recent study reporting strong efficacy of silibinin against photocarcinogenesis, we assessed here the protective effects of its dietary feeding on UVB-induced biomarkers involved in NMSC providing a mechanistic rationale for an early-on silibinin efficacy in skin cancer prevention. Dietary feeding of silibinin at 1% dose (w/w) to SKH-1 hairless mice for 2 weeks before a single UVB irradiation at 180 mJ/cm(2) dose resulted in a strong and significant (P < 0.001) decrease in UVB-induced thymine dimer-positive cells and proliferating cell nuclear antigen, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling, and apoptotic sunburn cells together with an increase (P < 0.001) in p53 and p21/cip1-positive cell population in epidermis. These findings suggest that dietary feeding of silibinin affords strong protection against UVB-induced damages in skin epidermis by (a) either preventing DNA damage or enhancing repair, (b) reducing UVB-induced hyperproliferative response, and (c) inhibiting UVB-caused apoptosis and sunburn cell formation, possibly via silibinin-caused up-regulation of p53 and p21/cip1 as major UVB-damage control sensors.
Histone Acetyltransferase and Protein Kinase Activities Copurify with a Putative <i>Xenopus</i> RNA Polymerase I Holoenzyme Self-Sufficient for Promoter-Dependent Transcription (1999)

Mounting evidence suggests that eukaryotic RNA polymerases preassociate with multiple transcription factors in the absence of DNA, forming RNA polymerase holoenzyme complexes. We have purified an apparent RNA polymerase I (Pol I) holoenzyme from Xenopus laevis cells by sequential chromatography on five columns: DEAE-Sepharose, Biorex 70, Sephacryl S300, Mono Q, and DNA-cellulose. Single fractions from every column programmed accurate promoter-dependent transcription. Upon gel filtration chromatography, the Pol I holoenzyme elutes at a position overlapping the peak of Blue Dextran, suggesting a molecular mass in the range of approximately 2 MDa. Consistent with its large mass, Coomassie blue-stained sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels reveal approximately 55 proteins in fractions purified to near homogeneity. Western blotting shows that TATA-binding protein precisely copurifies with holoenzyme activity, whereas the abundant Pol I transactivator upstream binding factor does not. Also copurifying with the holoenzyme are casein kinase II and a histone acetyltransferase activity with a substrate preference for histone H3. These results extend to Pol I the suggestion that signal transduction and chromatin-modifying activities are associated with eukaryotic RNA polymerases.
Physiological reactions of nitric oxide and hemoglobin: A radical rethink (1999)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Quantitative structural and biochemical analyses of tight junction dynamics following exposure of epithelial cells to house dust mite allergen Der p 1 (2000)

Der p 1 could contribute to sensitization and allergic responses by degrading the function of the airway epithelial barrier.
Entropy Fit Indices: New Fit Measures for Assessing the Structure and Dimensionality of Multiple Latent Variables. (2019)

The accurate identification of the content and number of latent factors underlying multivariate data is an important endeavor in many areas of Psychology and related fields. Recently, a new dimensionality assessment technique based on network psychometrics was proposed (Exploratory Graph Analysis, EGA), but a measure to check the fit of the dimensionality structure to the data estimated via EGA is still lacking. Although traditional factor-analytic fit measures are widespread, recent research has identified limitations for their effectiveness in categorical variables. Here, we propose three new fit measures (termed entropy fit indices) that combines information theory, quantum information theory and structural analysis: Entropy Fit Index (EFI), EFI with Von Neumman Entropy (EFI.vn) and Total EFI.vn (TEFI.vn). The first can be estimated in complete datasets using Shannon entropy, while EFI.vn and TEFI.vn can be estimated in correlation matrices using quantum information metrics. We show, through several simulations, that TEFI.vn, EFI.vn and EFI are as accurate or more accurate than traditional fit measures when identifying the number of simulated latent factors. However, in conditions where more factors are extracted than the number of factors simulated, only TEFI.vn presents a very high accuracy. In addition, we provide an applied example that demonstrates how the new fit measures can be used with a real-world dataset, using exploratory graph analysis.
Prenatal lead exposure, delta-aminolevulinic acid, and schizophrenia. (2004)

Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder of unknown etiology. Recent reports suggest that a number of environmental factors during prenatal development may be associated with schizophrenia. We tested the hypothesis that environmental lead exposure may be associated with schizophrenia using archived serum samples from a cohort of live births enrolled between 1959 and 1966 in Oakland, California. Cases of schizophrenia spectrum disorder were identified and matched to controls. A biologic marker of lead exposure, delta-aminolevulinic acid (delta-ALA), was determined in second-trimester serum samples of 44 cases and 75 controls. delta-ALA was stratified into high and low categories, yielding 66 subjects in the high category, corresponding to a blood lead level (BPb) greater than or equal to 15 micro g/dL, and 53 in the low category, corresponding to BPb less than 15 micro g/dL. Using logistic regression, the odds ratio (OR) for schizophrenia associated with higher delta-ALA was 1.83 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.87-3.87; p = 0.1]. Adjusting for covariates gave an OR of 2.43 (95% CI, 0.99-5.96; p = 0.051). This finding suggests that the effects of prenatal exposure to lead and/or elevated delta-ALA may extend into later life and must be further investigated as risk factors for adult psychiatric diseases.
Immunologic Tolerance to Collagen and Glycosaminoglycan Components of Scleral Allografts in Humans: Evidence for T Cell Suppression (1981)

Unfractionated peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and the T and B cell fractions of PBL from four patients who had received scleral allografts, and fractions from four control subjects were tested in vitro for proliferative responsiveness to collagen and glycosaminoglycan-enriched extracts of allogeneic sclera. None of the unfractionated lymphocyte cultures (patients and controls) were responsive to the scleral extracts. However, B-enriched lymphocyte cultures from one patient and two control subjects did respond to the scleral extracts, although there was considerable individual variation in the magnitudes of these responses (stimulation indices ranging from 1.5 to 11.5). In contrast, the DNA-synthesis response of T cells to scleral extracts was strongly suppressed. Furthermore, T cells pre-exposed for 24 hours to scleral collagen were capable of suppressing B-cell responsiveness to mitogens in autologous mixed lymphocyte cultures. Our findings confirm the lack of apparent adverse immunologic responsiveness to scleral allografts in humans as reported by others. It is possible that immunological tolerance to the scleral allografts is due to a suppressor T-cell mechanism which is triggered by scleral collagen.