gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Catalytic Oxidation of Alcohols at Low Temperatures (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCatalytic Oxidation of Alcohols at Low TemperaturesRobert H. Baker and David StanonisCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1948, 70, 7, 2594–2595Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1948https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01187a501https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01187a501research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views92Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Morphologic and Staining Characteristics of a Cyanobacterium-like Organism Associated with Diarrhea (1991)

A spherical organism 9-10 microns in diameter, seen in three outbreaks of diarrhea in Southeast Asia and the United States during the past 2 years, bore characteristics of a cyanobacterium when observed in formalin-preserved stool specimens and by electron microscopy. Organisms in freshly passed stool specimens showed an internal morula of lipid-containing globules. In fresh water, the morula divided into two sausage-shaped structures resembling the sporocysts of an isosporid coccidian. After 7 months, the organisms had not developed the crescentic sporozoites seen in the Coccidia but had begun to multiply slowly in culture. It was impossible to stain the internal structures of the organisms because the outer cyst wall ruptured during desiccation, releasing the contents of the cysts. The organisms were readily identified by their intense blue autofluorescence under UV light, but they were also recognizable by bright-field microscopy and by a modified acid-fast stain. Almost all infected persons suffered intermittent diarrhea for 2-3 weeks and many emphasized a feeling of intense fatigue during the course of their illness.
Accurate mask model implementation in OPC model for 14nm nodes and beyond (2015)

In a previous work [1] we demonstrated that current OPC model assuming the mask pattern to be analogous to the designed data is no longer valid. Indeed as depicted in figure 1, an extreme case of line-end shortening shows a gap up to 10 nm difference (at mask level). For that reason an accurate mask model, for a 14nm logic gate level has been calibrated. A model with a total RMS of 1.38nm at mask level was obtained. 2D structures such as line-end shortening and corner rounding were well predicted using SEM pictures overlaid with simulated contours. The first part of this paper is dedicated to the implementation of our improved model in current flow. The improved model consists of a mask model capturing mask process and writing effects and a standard optical and resist model addressing the litho exposure and development effects at wafer level. The second part will focus on results from the comparison of the two models, the new and the regular, as depicted in figure 2.
Preoperative serum intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and E-selectin (endothelial cell leukocyte adhesion molecule, ELAM-1) in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. (1996)

The serum levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and E-Selectin (endothelial cell leukocyte adhesion molecule, ELAM-1) were retrospectively measured in serum samples drawn at diagnosis from 66 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer and 128 patients with benign ovarian masses. The preoperative serum ICAM-1 levels were higher in the former group (p < 0.0001), while serum E-Selectin concentrations were similar in the two groups (p = NS). Among patients with epithelial ovarian cancer, neither serum ICAM-1 nor E-selectin levels correlated with FIGO stage and with histologic type. The serum assay of ICAM-1 and E-Selectin seems to have limited value in the management of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer.
High Resolution EFTEM and PEELS of Ga/GaAs Nano–“Ice Cream Cones” Grown by Dual-Wavelength Pulsed Laser Deposition (2005)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2005 in Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, July 31--August 4, 2005
Étude numérique et expérimentale de la valorisation énergétique du bois par gazéification (2007)

Ce travail porte sur l étude numérique et expérimentale de la gazéification, procédé de conversion thermochimique de la biomasse (déchets boisés, paille, ) en gaz combustible, qui est ensuite utilisé en chaudière, moteur ou turbine à gaz pour produire de l énergie verte . La gazéification fait intervenir trois étapes, étudiées successivement dans ce manuscrit : séchage/pyrolyse : la biomasse est séchée puis convertie en gaz, en goudrons et en coke ( charbon de bois ) sous l action de la chaleur ; oxydation : les gaz produits sont partiellement brûlés avec de l air pour fournir la chaleur nécessaire aux autres réactions chimiques endothermiques ; réduction : les gaz réagissent avec le coke pour produire un gaz pauvre valorisable. L étude séparée de ces trois étapes et la simulation de leur fonctionnement ont permis d identifier les paramètres-clé , que sont la vitesse et la température de chauffe pour la pyrolyse, le débit d air et sa vitesse d injection pour l oxydation, la température et le temps de résidence pour la réduction. Toutes ces observations ont conduit à l'élaboration d'un prototype, composé de trois réacteurs pour séparer physiquement les trois étapes. L objectif est d optimiser les paramètres de fonctionnement pour réduire la production de goudrons, l un des principaux freins au développement de la gazéification. Son fonctionnement est prometteur car il produit un gaz satisfaisant les tolérances des moteurs : PCI d'environ 5,2 MJ.Nm-3, absence de goudrons lourds, concentration des HAP inférieure à 10 mg.Nm-3. Il ouvre donc des perspectives encourageantes pour développer un gazogène optimisé pour les installations de petite et moyenne puissance.
Stable topological superconductivity in a family of two-dimensional fermion models (2010)

We show that a large class of two-dimensional spinless fermion models exhibit topological superconducting phases characterized by a nonzero Chern number. More specifically, we consider a generic one-band Hamiltonian of spinless fermions that is invariant under both time reversal, $\mathbb{T}$, and a group of rotations and reflections, $\mathbb{G}$, which is either the dihedral point-symmetry group of an underlying lattice, $\mathbb{G}={D}_{n}$, or the orthogonal group of rotations in continuum, $\mathbb{G}=\text{O}(2)$. Pairing symmetries are classified according to the irreducible representations of $\mathbb{T}\ensuremath{\bigotimes}\mathbb{G}$. We prove a theorem that for any two-dimensional representation of this group, a time-reversal symmetry-breaking paired state is energetically favorable. This implies that the ground state of any spinless fermion Hamiltonian in continuum or on a square lattice with a singly connected Fermi surface is always a topological superconductor in the presence of attraction in at least one channel. Motivated by this discovery, we examine phase diagrams of two specific lattice models with nearest-neighbor hopping and attraction on a square lattice and a triangular lattice. In accordance with the general theorem, the former model exhibits only a topological $(p+ip)$-wave state while the latter shows a doping-tuned quantum phase transition from such state to a nontopological but still exotic $f$-wave superconductor.
Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma in Patients With Advanced HIV Infection Treated With Zidovudine (1991)

We wished to determine the incidence of human immunodeficiency virus-related high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and identify factors associated with the development of NHL in patients receiving zidovudine. Data are from a 2-year prospective, observational, multisite study of 1030 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and advanced AIDS-related complex who received zidovudine. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma developed in 24 (2.3%) of 1030 patients who received zidovudine during 1463 person-years of follow-up (rate, 1.6 per 100 person-years of therapy). The relative hazard for development of NHL was stable throughout 2 years of therapy, with the risk of developing NHL 0.8% for each additional 6 months of therapy. Factors associated with development of NHL were a prior diagnosis of Kaposi's sarcoma, herpes simplex virus infection, or lower mean neutrophil count. Less strongly associated was a prior diagnosis of oral hairy leukoplakia or homosexual transmission of HIV. By Cox proportional hazards analysis, a prior diagnosis of Kaposi's sarcoma, cytomegalovirus disease, or oral hairy leukoplakia was most strongly associated with development of NHL. Our study demonstrates a relatively high incidence of NHL in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus disease who are undergoing antiretroviral therapy and suggests possible risk factors for development of NHL.
Ordered Patterning of Nanometric Rings of Single Molecule Magnets on Polymers by Lithographic Control of Demixing (2006)

We report a new patterning process which takes place as a result of demixing of a binary polymer/solute mixture. An efficient, sustainable approach for ordering nanosized rings of so-called single molecule magnets (SMMs) is thus provided. It exploits the self-organization process in which SMM patterned film evolves to a spatially correlated pattern of nanosized rings. At long time, the anisotropic patterning of the film drives the ring to coalesce, into parallel lines of nanometric width.
Kinetic Stability of Toluene‐Perfluorooctane Emulsions (2006)

The miscibility of toluene‐perfluorooctane‐mixtures was investigated and compared to the predictions of some commonly used models. Functional surfactant precursors and nonreacting surfactants were used for emulsifying toluene in perfluorooctane. The effect of surfactant concentration, temperature and volume fraction of toluene on the emulsion stability was studied by measuring the phase volumes and the near infrared backscattering. It was found that toluene and perfluorooctane are completely miscible only at relatively high temperatures and that the common models could not accurately predict the demixing temperatures. The emulsion breakdown and phase separation followed first order kinetics.
Two-photon resonant upconversion in xenon (1982)

Coherent radiation at various VUV wavelengths, e.g., 125.9, 126.1, and 125.4 nm, has been generated through fourwave mixing processes enhanced by two-photon resonances in xenon. Maximum efficiencies of the order of 10(-4) were achieved. Maximum output intensities of difference generation (2omega(1) - omega(2)) for 7p[0 (1/2)](0), 7p[1 (1/2)](2), and 6p' [1 (1/2)](2) resonant states occurred at xenon pressures of 24, 12.5, and 4 Torr, corresponding to values of phase mismatch per atom of 1.2 x 10(-18), 2.3 x 10(-18), and 7.1 x 10(-18) esu, respectively. Parametric generation at 117.0 nm through the 7s[1(1/2)](0)(1) state was also observed.
Atomic-layer by atomic-layer compositional depth profiling: Surface segregation and impurity cosegregation of Pt-Rh and Pt-Ru alloys (1988)

Absolute composition depth profiles of true single-atomic-layer depth resolution have been obtained for the near surface layers of the (001) and (111) planes of Pt-Rh and Pt-Ru alloys in surface segregation and cosegregation with sulfur of these alloys. For both alloys, the segregation species is found to be Pt, and its concentration approaches the bulk value nonmonotonically; the composition of the second layer is reversed. We did not detect a significant dependence of surface segregation on crystal planes and also find the plane-edge effect to be very small for Pt-Rh alloy. Also no reversed segregation at the two dilute ends of the alloy composition of Pt-Rh is found. For Pt-Rh, if the sample contains a very small amount of sulfur, then sulfur and Rh cosegregate to the surface, with sulfur forming an adsorption overlayer. This reversal of segregation species by impurity sulfur is not observed for Pt-Ru alloys. We believe that atom-probe composition depth profiles can also be used as references for calibrating other surface analytical techniques.
CCDC 1990586: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination (2009)

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
Essential role of NFATc2 in CD8+ T cells in experimental model of asthma (2007)

The present study demonstrates that mice lacking nuclear factor of activated T cells-2 (NFATc2) developed, in absence of allergen challenge, increased AHR, associated with lung hyperproliferating activated CD4+ Th2 as well as CD8 T cells defective in IFN-gamma production. Moreover, lung effector CD8+ T cells from NFATc2 (-/-) as well as CD8+ T cells from IFN-gamma (-/-) mice contained increased number of CD8+ CD122+ double positive T regulatory cells resulting in increased IL-10 release in their CD8+ T cells compartment compared to those isolated from wild type littermates. In addition, as compared to CD8+NFATc2 (+/+) T cells, OVA specific spleen CD8+NFATc2 (-/-), also defective in IFN-gamma, could enhance AHR generated by NFATc2 (-/-)-CD4+T cells in immunodeficient reconstituted mice. Thus, NFATc2 deficiency in CD8+ T cells results in IFN-gamma downregulation and upregulation of CD8+CD122+ T cells in the lung as well as in the draining lymph nodes thus contributing to AHR generated by NFATc2 (-/-) CD4+ T cells in this model of asthma.
Learning Knowledge Graphs for Question Answering through Conversational Dialog (2015)

We describe how a question-answering system can learn about its domain from conversational dialogs. Our system learns to relate concepts in science questions to propositions in a fact corpus, stores new concepts and relations in a knowledge graph (KG), and uses the graph to solve questions. We are the first to acquire knowledge for question-answering from open, natural language dialogs without a fixed ontology or domain model that predetermines what users can say. Our relation-based strategies complete more successful dialogs than a query expansion baseline, our taskdriven relations are more effective for solving science questions than relations from general knowledge sources, and our method is practical enough to generalize to other domains.
Synthesis and properties of oligodeoxyribonucleotides containing a mutagenic base, N4-aminocytosine. (1992)

Oligodeoxyribonucleotides containing a mutagenic base analog, N4-aminocytosine, 5'-AATTGC(am)AATT-3' and 5'-AATTAC(am)AATT-3' (C(am); N4-aminocytosine) were prepared by chemical modification of 5'-AATTGCAATT-3' and 5'-AATTACAATT-3', respectively. The values of Tm were 29 degrees C for 5'-AATTGC(am)AATT-3' and 32 degrees C for 5'-AATTGCAATT-3'. In contrast, no melting was observed for 5'-AATTAC(am)AATT-3' and 5'-AATTACAATT-3'. These data show that the stability of C(am)-purine paris is C(am)-G > C(am)-A and that C(am)-G is less stable than C-G. This property is consistent with the incorporation specificity of N4-amino-dCTP during DNA synthesis in vitro.
Oxygen‐binding property of hemoglobin films (1994)

Abstract Oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin films were obtained by drying corresponding hemoglobin solutions with maltose (≧0.3 M ). The resulting hemoglobin films were homogeneous and smooth, and the methemoglobin formation in the oxyhemoglobin film was well suppressed. The dry, rigid networks of maltose molecules work to preserve the conformation of hemoglobin against the removal of water. The coordination of oxygen to the deoxygenated hemoglobin film was slow and saturated up to 50%, while nearly 100% saturation was achieved if the film contained a residual moisture of 8.7%.
RhoA activation promotes transendothelial migration of monocytes via ROCK (2003)

Monocyte infiltration into inflamed tissue requires the initial arrest of the cells on the endothelium followed by firm adhesion and their subsequent migration. Migration of monocytes and other leukocytes is believed to involve a coordinated remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton. The small GTPases RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42 are critical regulators of actin reorganization. In this study, we have investigated the role of Rho-like GTPases RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42 in the adhesion and migration of monocytes across brain endothelial cells by expressing their constitutively active or dominant-negative constructs in NR8383 rat monocytic cells. Monocytes expressing the active form of Cdc42 show a reduced migration, whereas Rac1 expression did not affect adhesion or migration. In contrast, expression of the active form of RhoA in monocytes leads to a dramatic increase in their adhesion and migration across endothelial cells. The effect of RhoA was found to be mediated by its down-stream effector Rho kinase (ROCK), as pretreatment with the selective ROCK inhibitor Y-27632 prevented this enhanced adhesion and migration. These results demonstrate that RhoA activation in monocytes is sufficient to enhance adhesion and migration across monolayers of endothelial cells.
DNA microarray technology: a new tool for the epidemiological typing of bacterial pathogens? (2006)

Genomic hybridization on whole genome arrays detects the presence or absence of similar DNA regions in sufficiently related microorganisms, allowing genome-wide comparison of their genetic contents. A whole genome array is based on a sequenced bacterial isolate, and is a collection of DNA probes fixed on a solid support. In a single hybridization experiment, the absence/presence status of all genes of the sequenced microbe in the queried isolate can be examined. The objective of this minireview is to summarize the past usage of DNA microarray technology for microbial strain characterizations, and to estimate its future utilization in epidemiological studies and molecular typing of bacterial pathogens. The studies reviewed here confirm the usefulness of microarray technology for the detection of genetic polymorphisms. However, the construction or purchase of DNA microarrays and the performance of strain to strain hybridization experiments are still prohibitively expensive for routine application. Future use of arrays in epidemiology is likely to depend on the development of more cost-effective protocols, more robust and simplified formats, and the adequate evaluation of their performance (efficacy) and convenience (efficiency) compared with other genotyping methods. It seems more likely that a more focused assay, concentrating on genomic regions of variability previously detected by genome-wide microarrays, will find broad application in routine bacterial epidemiology.
Enzymatic Synthesis and Surface Deposition of Tin Dioxide using Silicatein-α (2011)

Nanostructured tin dioxide was synthesized by making use of the catalytic activity of silicatein-α. TEM, HRTEM, and XRD revealed the formation of cassiterite SnO2. Surface bound silicatein retains its biocatalytic activity. This was demonstrated by immobilizing silicatein on glass surfaces using a histidine-tag chelating anchor. The subsequent deposition of SnO2 on glass was monitored by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) measurements and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This new aspect of silicatein activity toward the formation of metal oxides other than SiO2, TiO2, and BaTiO3 opens up new vistas in composite material synthesis.
Tall Tales and Fat Tails: The Science and Economics of Extreme Warming (2013)

It has recently been highlighted that the economic value of climate mitigation depends sensitively on the slim possibility of extreme warming. This insight has been obtained through a focus on the fat upper tail of the climate sensitivity probability distribution. However, while climate sensitivity is undoubtedly important, what ultimately matters is transient temperature change. A focus on transient temperature change stresses the interplay of climate sensitivity with other physical uncertainties, notably effective heat capacity. In this paper we present a conceptual analysis of the physical uncertainties in economic models of climate mitigation, leading to an empirical application of the DICE model, which investigates the interaction of uncertainty in climate sensitivity and the effective heat capacity. We expand on previous results exploring the sensitivity of economic evaluations to the tail of the climate sensitivity distribution alone, and demonstrate that uncertainty about the system’s effective heat capacity also plays a very important role. We go on to discuss complementary avenues of economic and scientific research that may help provide a better combined understanding of the physical and economic processes associated with a rapidly warming world. 1
Protein-Drug Interaction Studies for Development of Drugs Against Plasmodium falciparum (2009)

The study of protein-drug interaction is of pivotal importance to understand the structural features essential for ligand affinity. The explosion of information about protein structures has paved the way to develop structure-based virtual screening approaches. Parasitic protein kinases have been pointed out as potential targets for antiparasitic development. The identification of protein kinases in the Plasmodium falciparum genome has opened the possibility to test new families of inhibitors as potential antimalarial drugs. In addition, other key enzymes which play roles in biosynthetic pathways, such as enoyl reductase and chorismate synthase, can be valuable targets for drug development. This review is focused on these protein targets that may help to materialize new generations of antimalarial drugs.