gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Androgens rapidly increase the cytosolic calcium concentration in Sertoli cells (1995)

We demonstrate that androgens rapidly and specifically increase intracellular calcium in Sertoli cells, investigate the mechanism, and suggest the unifying hypothesis that calcium might be a common intracellular molecular effector to explain the known synergism between FSH and testosterone (T) action on Sertoli cells in support of spermatogenesis. In freshly isolated Sertoli cells, T and its 5 alpha-reduced metabolite dihydrotestosterone increased intracellular calcium from 83 +/- 4 to 147 +/- 8 and 167 +/- 29 nM, respectively, whereas estradiol had minor (117 +/- 9 nM) and progesterone no (80 +/- 6 nM) effect. The effect of T was rapid (20-40 sec) and inhibited by 1) preincubation with either a pure nonsteroidal antiandrogen (hydroxyflutamide) or a 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor (finasteride) or 2) removal of extracellular calcium (47 +/- 4 nM) or pharmacological blockade of voltage-activated (62 +/- 5 nM) or voltage-independent (55 +/- 14 nM) membrane calcium channels. These findings suggest that the T-induced rise in Sertoli cell cytosolic calcium involves sequential 5 alpha-reduction, binding to a classical androgen receptor, and activation of transmembrane influx of extracellular calcium. Immobilization of T by conjugation to a large carrier molecule (BSA) to prevent steroid entry into Sertoli cells also resulted in a rapid increase in cytosolic calcium to a similar magnitude as unconjugated T, consistent with a plasma membrane site of action. This finding together with the rapid cytosolic calcium rise caused by T argues for the possible existence of a short term, nongenomic effects in hormonal regulation of Sertoli cell function in addition to the well known, slower genomic response.
Activity of 2-fluoro-5-methylarabinofuranosyluracil against mouse leukemias sensitive to and resistant to 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine. (1982)

A new pyrimidine nucleoside, 2'-fluoro-5-methyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyluracil, previously has been shown to be active against the herpes group of viruses in vitro and in vivo. It is also active against mouse and human leukemic cells in culture and against mouse leukemias L1210, P388, and P815 in vivo. In contrast to other 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara-C) derivatives, 2'-fluoro-5-methyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyluracil, when given either i.p. or p.o., is highly active against lines of leukemias P815 and L1210 made resistant to ara-C. Against P815/ara-C and L1210/araC, it is more effective than is 5-azacytidine, a drug which has shown definite effectiveness in patients with acute leukemia whose disease has become resistant to ara-C. For these reasons, 2'-fluoro-5-methyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyluracil would seem to merit clinical trial in patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia whose disease has become resistant to ara-C.
The<i>S. pombe</i>aurora-related kinase Ark1 associates with mitotic structures in a stage dependent manner and is required for chromosome segregation (2001)

Metazoans contain three aurora-related kinases. Aurora A is required for spindle formation while aurora B is required for chromosome condensation and cytokinesis. Less is known about the function of aurora C. S. pombe contains a single aurora-related kinase, Ark1. Although Ark1 protein levels remained constant as cells progressed through the mitotic cell cycle, its distribution altered during mitosis and meiosis. Throughout G2 Ark1 was concentrated in one to three nuclear foci that were not associated with the spindle pole body/centromere complex. Following commitment to mitosis Ark1 associated with chromatin and was particularly concentrated at several sites including kinetochores/centromeres. Kinetochore/centromere association diminished during anaphase A, after which it was distributed along the spindle. The protein became restricted to a small central zone that transiently enlarged as the spindle extended. As in many other systems mitotic fission yeast cells exhibit a much greater degree of phosphorylation of serine 10 of histone H3 than interphase cells. A number of studies have linked this modification with chromosome condensation. Ark1 immuno-precipitates phosphorylated serine 10 of histone H3 in vitro. This activity was highest in mitotic extracts. The absence of the histone H3 phospho-serine 10 epitope from mitotic cells in which the ark1(+) gene had been deleted (ark1.Delta1); the inability of these cells to resolve their chromosomes during anaphase and the co-localisation of this phospho-epitope with Ark1 early in mitosis, all suggest that Ark1 phosphorylates serine 10 of histone H3 in vivo. ark1.Delta1 cells also exhibited a reduction in kinetochore activity and a minor defect in spindle formation. Thus the enzyme activity, localisation and phenotype arising from our manipulations of this single fission yeast aurora kinase family member suggest that this single kinase is executing functions that are separately implemented by distinct aurora A and aurora B kinases in higher systems.
The Surgical Treatment for Portal Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2013)

Aim. To compare the effectiveness of surgical procedures (selective or nonselective shunt, devascularization, and combined shunt and devascularization) in preventing recurrent variceal bleeding and other complications in patients with portal hypertension. Methods. A systematic literature search of the Medline and Cochrane Library databases was carried out, and a meta-analysis was conducted according to the guidelines of the Quality of Reporting Meta-Analyses (QUOROM) statement. Results. There were a significantly higher reduction in rebleeding, yet a significantly more common encephalopathy (P = 0.05) in patients who underwent the shunt procedure compared with patients who had only a devascularization procedure. Further, there were no significant differences in rebleeding, late mortality, and encephalopathy between selective versus non-selective shunt. Next, the decrease of portal vein pressure, portal vein diameter, and free portal pressure in patients who underwent combined treatment with shunt and devascularization was more pronounced compared with patients who were treated with devascularization alone (P < 0.05). Conclusions. This meta-analysis shows clinical advantages of combined shunt and devascularization over devascularization in the prevention of recurrent variceal bleeding and other complications in patients with portal hypertension.
ALUMINUM STABILIZES TURMERIC IN PICKLE BRINE AGAINST DECOMPOSITION BY LIGHT, HEAT AND PEROXIDASE (1990)

Turmeric in solutions typically used for cucumber pickle manufacturing was protected by Al3+ from decomposition caused by fluorescent light, heat and peroxidase. Levels of 1.3–1.5 mM Al3+ significantly reduced light-and peroxidase-catalyzed decomposition of turmeric, and the amount of retardation increased with increasing Al3+ concentration. Alone, neither peroxidase nor hydrogen peroxide affected turmeric; however when combined, turmeric was rapidly destroyed. Peroxidase destruction of turmeric was uncompetitively inhibited by Al3+. Turmeric decomposition increased with increasing temperature from 20 to 90°C. No thermal destruction of turmeric was observed in the presence of 2 or 4 mM Al3+.
Quantum Cascade Laser With Unilateral Grating (2012)

We report on distributed feedback quantum cascade lasers at a wavelength of 3.58 μm operating at room temperature. Single-mode emission with a side-mode suppression ratio of 30 dB is achieved by manufacturing single-sided third-order lateral gratings. The devices exhibit watt level peak powers with a threshold current density of ~ 4.3 kA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> at room temperature and remain in single-mode operation over the temperature range of 280-420 K.
Biological features of thoracic aortic diseases. Where are we now, where are we heading to: established and emerging biomarkers and molecular pathways (2013)

Thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs) and aortic dissections (ADs) are among the main causes of mortality and morbidity in Western countries. For this reason, the diagnosis, prevention and prediction of TAAs and ADs have become a very active area of research; in fact, it is important to monitor and predict the evolution of these diseases over time. It is also critical, in cases of doubtful diagnosis, to receive some guidance from biochemical assays, particularly in the case of ADs. Although biological testing for disease prediction has already been discussed several times, the role of biomarkers in TAAs and ADs is still under discussion for routine patient screening, periodical follow-up or for prompt diagnosis in emergency conditions. In this review, we update the current knowledge and new trends regarding the role of biomarkers in thoracic aortic diseases, focusing on established and emerging biomarkers in the fields of genetics, inflammation, haemostasis and matrix remodelling as well as on substances released upon cell damage. Other than D-dimer, a sensitive but not a specific marker for the diagnosis of AD that has been widely tested by several authors and currently seems a viable option in ambiguous cases, the remaining markers have been most frequently assessed in limited or mixed patient populations. This currently precludes their widespread adoption as diagnostic or prognostic tools, even if many of these markers are conceptually promising. In years to come, we expect that future studies will further clarify the diagnostic and prognostic features of several established and emerging biomarkers that, to date, are still in the translational limbo separating biological discovery from a practical clinical role.
Selection of Optimum Process, Solvent and Drying Method for Extraction of Antioxidants (2012)

Satu uji kaji telah dijalankan untuk pemilihan proses optimum, pelarut, dan teknik pengeringan bagi pengekstrakan antioksidan daripada buah Morinda citrifolia. Pengekstrakan telah dijalankan dengan soxhlet, ultrasonik dan tekanan tinggi hidrostatik yang diubahsuai pada 100 bar dan 50°C dengan 15 gram serbuk Morinda dalam 200 ml pelarut. Pelarut yang telah digunakan ialah air, etanol, dan etil asetat. Hasil penurasan kemudiannya dikeringkan melalui vakum dan pengering semburan. Aktiviti antioksidan atau peratusan ekstrak perencatan ditentukan dengan radikal Di-Phenyl picryl hydrazyl. Hasil ekstrak juga telah ditentukan dalam kajian ini. Pengoptimuman telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan kaedah gerak balas permukaan. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa, aktiviti antioksidan atau peratusan perencatan DPPH radikel bebas yang paling tinggi dipamerkan daripada ekstrak yang diperolehi dari proses HHPE dengan etil asetat sebagai pelarut yang dikeringkan melalui vakum. Daripada kajian ini juga, hasil ekstrak yang tertinggi diperolehi melalui proses HHPE pada 100 bar dan 50°C, di mana etil asetat digunakan sebagai pelarut dengan teknik pengeringan vakum. Di samping itu, didapati juga bahawa keadaan pengekstrakan dan pelarut secara langsungnya memberi kesan kepada pengekstrakan antioksidan daripada buah Morinda citrifolia jika dibandingkan dengan teknik pengeringan. Kata kunci: Aktiviti antioksidan, radikel DPPH, pengekstrakan tekanan tinggi, Morinda citrifolia, pengekstrakan ultrasonik, pengekstrakan soxhlet An experimental study was performed for optimum process, solvent and drying method for the extraction of antioxidants from Morinda citrifolia fruit. Extractions were performed by soxhlet, ultrasonic and modified version of high hydrostatic pressure extraction at 100 bar and 50°C with 15 grams of powdered morinda in 200 ml of solvent. Water, ethanol and ethyl acetate were used as solvents. The filtrate was dried by vacuum and spray dryers. The antioxidant activity or inhibiton percentage of the extracts was determined by Di-Phenyl picryl hydrazyl radical scavenging method. The yield was also determined. Optimization was performed using response surface methodology. It was found that the highest antioxidant activity or inhibition percentage of DPPH free radicals was exhibited by the extract obtained from HHPE process with ethyl acetate as solvent and vacuum dried. It was also found that the highest yield was obtained from HHPE process at 100 bar and 50°C with ethanol as solvent and vacuum dried. It was noted that the nature of the process and the solvent used significantly contributed to the extraction of antioxidants from Morinda citrifolia fruit when compared with the drying methods. Key words: Antioxidant activity, DPPH radical scavenging method, high hydrostatic pressure extraction, Morinda citrifolia, ultrasonic extraction, soxhlet extraction
"Not Unto Nomination": Dickinson at the Limits of Philology (2003)

As a pedagogical experiment, the students in a graduate seminar set out to produce a miniature edition of some Dickinson poems, annotated in detail with the help of library and Web resources. However, Dickinson's language bears only a nominal relation to the normative languages of nineteenth-century New England culture, and that indeterminacy of reference worked against the class's efforts to find stable definitions for her words. Dickinson's lines "Not unto nomination / The Cherabim reveal" (Fr1243) have to be taken as their own warning against being too far understood.
ChemInform Abstract: Amino Acids (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Signal region characterization and exact phase recovery for constant envelope precoding in single-user large-scale MISO channels (2013)

This paper considers constant envelope (CE) precoding in single-user MISO downlink systems. CE precoding is a transmission scheme recently proposed for very large antenna arrays, in which the use of highly power-efficient RF amplifiers is a requirement. There are two important issues in CE precoding, namely the characterization of the region of all possible noise-free receive signals, and the recovery of the phases of the transmitting signal. An existing result by Mohammed and Larsson showed that the noise-free receive signal region can be geometrically interpreted as a region between two circles centered at the origin of the complex plane. However, this result did not prove the expression of the radius of the inner circle. We provide a new analysis approach to characterize the noise-free receive signal region. Our result shows that the radius of the inner circle has a simple closed-form expression, there by completing the result by Mohammed and Larsson. In addition, we propose an algorithm that can recover the phases of the transmitting signal exactly with a complexity linear in the number of antennas. Simulation results show that the proposed method can be significantly faster than an existing phase recovery algorithm.
A NEW INCISION FOR PERICARDIECTOMY* (1951)

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania FROM THE HARRISON DEPARTMENT OF SURGICAL RESEARCH AND THE DEPARTMENT OF SURGERY, SCHOOLS OF MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA, PHILADELPHIA
Reduction of Light-Induced Anthocyanin Accumulation in Inoculated Sorghum Mesocotyls1 (1998)

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) accumulates the anthocyanin cyanidin 3-dimalonyl glucoside in etiolated mesocotyls in response to light. Inoculation with the nonpathogenic fungus Cochliobolus heterostrophus drastically reduced the light-induced accumulation of anthocyanin by repressing the transcription of the anthocyanin biosynthesis genes encoding flavanone 3-hydroxylase, dihydroflavonol 4-reductase, and anthocyanidin synthase. In contrast to these repression effects, fungal inoculation resulted in the synthesis of the four known 3-deoxyanthocyanidin phytoalexins and a corresponding activation of genes encoding the key branch-point enzymes in the phenylpropanoid pathway, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and chalcone synthase. In addition, a gene encoding the pathogenesis-related protein PR-10 was strongly induced in response to inoculation. The accumulation of phytoalexins leveled off by 48 h after inoculation and was accompanied by a more rapid increase in the rate of anthocyanin accumulation. The results suggest that the plant represses less essential metabolic activities such as anthocyanin synthesis as a means of compensating for the immediate biochemical and physiological needs for the defense response.
Further Validation of Actigraphy for Sleep Studies (2003)

The results of this study show the utility of actigraphy as a useful method for assessment of sleep, despite its limitations regarding identification of waking epochs during sleep. The Bland and Altman concordance technique was revealed to be a powerful tool to evaluate how well actigraphy agreed with polysomnography. This technique, combined with calculations of sensitivity and specificity, appears to be the most adequate procedure for the assessment of concordance.
El abuso psicológico al niño en la familia (2016)

En muchas familias, los padres o cuidadores de los ninos emplean, para controlar el comportamiento de estos, medidas agresivas que vulneran sus derechos, entre ellas el abuso psicologico (AP). El AP consiste en actos no accidentales, verbales o simbolicos, realizados por un progenitor o cuidador de un nino que provocan o generan una probabilidad razonable de causarle dano psicologico. El AP ha recibido tambien nombres como maltrato emocional, maltrato psicologico, abuso verbal, entre otros, y generalmente su registro ha sido deficiente. Tambien ha sido dificil determinar su epidemiologia por la falta de consenso sobre su definicion y porque se ha subestimado su impacto sobre la salud mental de las victimas. Sin embargo, sus consecuencias psicosociales son tan nocivas o mas que las producidas por otras formas de maltrato (fisico, sexual, negligencia), a las que habitualmente acompana. En esta revision sobre diferentes aspectos del AP, se plantea la necesidad de que todos los clinicos de la salud, y no solamente los dedicados a la salud mental, investiguen las tecnicas que padres y cuidadores emplean en la crianza de los menores, traten de modificar aquellas que constituyen ejemplos de AP o de otro tipo y, de ser necesario, refieran a los profesionales de la salud mental los casos que asi lo requieran
Efficacy of a Medication Pass Supplement Program in Long-Term Care Compared to a Traditional System (2003)

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate a medication pass supplement program used in a long-term care facility. Prealbumin measures, weight, supplement waste and cost, and meal intakes were all compared before and after a nutrient-dense supplement was part of a nursing protocol. As a result of the intervention, resident protein levels (p < 0.01) and weight (p < 0.01) significantly increased. There was significantly less supplement waste (p < 0.001) and a $0.18 difference in the cost of waste per cc per day. The average intake increased for all three meals by 7% with the greatest increase being 16% at the evening meal.
FULL PAPER (2017)

Taxonomy Solo provides an approach to evaluate and categorize cognitive performance by considering the structure of learning outcomes were observed. This study examines the response of the students in completing tasks based on the taxonomy of Solo.
Boric Acid Disturbs Cell Wall Synthesis in<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (2010)

Boric acid (BA) has broad antimicrobial activity that makes it a popular treatment for yeast vaginitis in complementary and alternative medicine. In the model yeast S. cerevisiae, BA disturbs the cytoskeleton at the bud neck and impairs the assembly of the septation apparatus. BA treatment causes cells to form irregular septa and leads to the synthesis of irregular cell wall protuberances that extend far into the cytoplasm. The thick, chitin-rich septa that are formed during BA exposure prevent separation of cells after abscission and cause the formation of cell chains and clumps. As a response to the BA insult, cells signal cell wall stress through the Slt2p pathway and increase chitin synthesis, presumably to repair cell wall damage.
Palmitoylation Strengthens Cholesterol-dependent Multimerization and Fusion Activity of Human Cytomegalovirus Glycoprotein B (gB) (2015)

Herpesviruses are a large order of animal enveloped viruses displaying a virion fusion mechanism of unusual complexity. Their multipartite machinery has a conserved core made of the gH/gL ancillary complexes and the homo-trimeric fusion protein glycoprotein B (gB). Despite its essential role in starting the viral infection, gB interaction with membrane lipids is still poorly understood. Here, evidence is provided demonstrating that human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) gB depends on the S-palmitoylation of its endodomain for an efficient interaction with cholesterol-rich membrane patches. We found that, unique among herpesviral gB proteins, the HCMV fusion factor has a Cys residue in the C-terminal region that is palmitoylated and mediates methyl-β-cyclodextrin-sensitive self-association of purified gB. A cholesterol-dependent virus-like particle trap assay, based on co-expression of the HIV Gag protein, confirmed that this post-translational modification is functional in the context of cellular membranes. Mutation of the palmitoylated Cys residue to Ala or inhibition of protein palmitoylation decreased HCMV gB export via Gag particles. Moreover, purified gBC777A showed an increased kinetic sensitivity in a cholesterol depletion test, demonstrating that palmitoyl-gB limits outward cholesterol diffusion. Finally, gB palmitoylation was required for full fusogenic activity in human epithelial cells. Altogether, these results uncover the palmitoylation of HCMV gB and its role in gB multimerization and activity.
Moving Object Detection With a Freely Moving Camera via Background Motion Subtraction (2015)

Detection of moving objects in a video captured by a freely moving camera is a challenging problem in computer vision. Most existing methods often assume that the background (BG) can be approximated by dominant single plane/multiple planes or impose significant geometric constraints on BG, or utilize a complex BG/foreground probabilistic model. Instead, we propose a computationally efficient algorithm that is able to detect moving objects accurately and robustly in a general 3D scene. This problem is formulated as a coarse-to-fine thresholding scheme on the particle trajectories in the video sequence. First, a coarse foreground (CFG) region is extracted by performing reduced singular value decomposition on multiple matrices that are built from bundles of particle trajectories. Next, the BG motion of pixels in the CFG region is reconstructed by a fast inpainting method. After subtracting the BG motion, the fine foreground is segmented out by an adaptive thresholding method that is capable of solving multiple-moving-objects scenarios. Finally, the detected foreground is further refined by the mean-shift segmentation method. Extensive simulations and a comparison with the state-of-the-art methods verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.