Fundamentals of Electromagnetics with Engineering Applications (2004)

CHAPTER 1. Introduction 1.1 The Electromagnetic Spectrum 1.2 Wireless Communications 1.3 Dealing with Units PART I. FUNDAMENTAL ELECTROMAGNETICS CHAPTER 2. Electrostatics 2.1 Vectors in the Cartesian Coordinate System 2.2 Coulomb's Law Electric Field Intensity Field Lines 2.3 The Spherical Coordinate System 2.4 Line Charges and the Cylindrical Coordinate System Infinite Length Line of Charge Ring of Charge 2.5 Surface and Volume Charge Volume Charge Practical Application: Laser Printer 2.6 Electric Flux Density 2.7 Gauss's Law and Applications Coaxial Cable 2.8 Divergence and the Point Form of Gauss's Law 2.9 Electric Potential Gradient 2.10 Conductors and Ohm's Law Current and Current Density Joule's Law 2.11 Dielectrics Practical Application: Electret Microphone 2.12 Boundary Conditions Boundary Value Problems 2.13 Capacitance Electrostatic Potential Energy Practical Application: Electrolytic Capacitors Summary Problems CHAPTER 3. Magnetostatics 3.1 Magnetic Fields and the Cross Product Oersted's Experiment 3.2 Biot-Savart's Law Solenoid Surface and Volume Current Densities 3.3 Ampere's Circuital Law 3.4 Curl and the Point Form of Ampere's Circuital Law Stokes's Theorem 3.5 Magnetic Flux Density 3.6 Magnetic Forces Force on a Current Element Magnetic Torque and Moment Practical Application: Loudspeakers 3.7 Magnetic Materials 3.8 Boundary Conditions 3.9 Inductance and Magnetic Energy Mutual Inductance Magnetic Energy 3.10 Magnetic Circuits Electromagnets Practical Application: Maglev Summary Problems CHAPTER 4. Dynamic Fields 4.1 Current Continuity and Relaxation Time 4.2 Wave Fundamentals 4.3 Faraday's Law and Transformer EMF Transformer EMF Transformers Point Form of Faraday's Law 4.4 Faraday's Law and Motional EMF Generators 4.5 Displacement Current 4.6 Maxwell's Equations 4.7 Lossless TEM Waves 4.8 Time-Harmonic Fields and Phasors Summary Problems CHAPTER 5. Plane Waves 5.1 General Wave Equations Time-Harmonic Wave Equations Propagating Fields Relation 5.2 Propagation in Lossless, Charge-Free Media 5.3 Propagation in Dielectrics Low-Loss Dielectrics Loss Tangent 5.4 Propagation in Conductors Current in Conductors 5.5 The Poynting Theorem and Power Transmission UPW Power Transmission 5.6 Polarization Practical Application: Liquid Crystal Displays 5.7 Reflection and Transmission at Normal Incidence General Case Standing Waves 5.8 Reflection and Transmission at Oblique Incidence TE Polarization TM Polarization Summary Problems PART I I. APPLIED ELECTROMAGNETICS CHAPTER 6. Transmission Lines 6.1 Distributed-Parameter Model Telegraphist's Equations 6.2 Time-Harmonic Waves on Transmission Lines Characteristic Impedance Lossless Line Power Transmission 6.3 Terminated T-Lines Input Impedance Complex Loads The Complete Circuit 6.4 The Smith Chart Smith Chart Derivation Using the Smith Chart Impedance Measurement 6.5 Impedance Matching Quarter-Wave Transformer Matching with the Smith Chart Admittance of Shunt Stubs Shunt-Stub Matching 6.6 Microstrip Attenuation Other Planar T-Lines 6.7 Transients Pulse Response Practical Application: Schottky-Diode Terminations Reactive Loads Time-Domain Reflectometry 6.8 Dispersion Summary Problems 333 CHAPTER 7. Waveguide 7.1 Rectangular Waveguide Fundamentals Wave Propagation Waveguide Impedance Practical Application: Microwave Ovens 7.2 Waveguide Field Equations TM Mode TE Mode 7.3 Dielectric Waveguide TE Mode TM Mode Field Equations 7.4 Optical Fiber Numerical Aperture Signal Degradation Attenuation Graded-Index Fiber 7.5 Fiber Optic Communication Systems Optical Sources Optical Detectors Repeaters and Optical Amplifiers Connections 7.6 Optical Link Design Power Budget Rise-Time Budget Summary Suggested References Problems CHAPTER 8. Antennas 8.1 General Properties Radiated Power Radiation Patterns Directivity Impedance and Efficiency A Commercial Antenna 8.2 Electrically Short Antennas Vector Magnetic Potential The Hertzian Dipole The Small Loop Antenna 8.3 Dipole Antennas Derivation of Fields Antenna Properties Half-Wave Dipole 8.4 Monopole Antennas Image Theory Antenna Properties Practical Considerations 8.5 Antenna Arrays Pair of Hertzian Dipoles N-Element Linear Arrays Parasitic Arrays 8.6 The Friis Transmission Equation Polarization Effects Receiver Matching 8.7 Radar 8.8 Antennas for Wireless Communications Parabolic Reflectors Patch Antennas Slot Antennas Folded Dipole Antennas Summary Suggested References Problems CHAPTER 9. Electromagnetic Interference 9.1 Interference Sources Lightning Electrostatic Discharge Power Disturbance Sources Radio Transmitters 9.2 Passive Circuit Elements Conductors Resistors Inductors Capacitors 9.3 Digital Signals 9.4 Grounds Bond Wires Signal Grounds Loop Area 9.5 Shields 9.6 Filters Reflective Filters Ferrite Chokes Summary Suggested References Problems CHAPTER 10. Microwave Engineering 10.1 Lumped-Element Matching Networks 10.2 Scattering Parameters Reciprocal Networks Lossless Networks Return Loss and Insertion Loss Shift in Reference Plane The Vector Network Analyzer 10.3 Couplers and Dividers Circulators Three-Port Dividers Couplers 10.4 Filters Simple Filters Multisection Filters High-Pass Filters Bandpass Filters 10.5 Amplifiers Designing Matching Networks Balanced Amplifiers 10.6 Receiver Design Oscillators Mixers Microwave CAD Practical Application: Radio Frequency Identification Summary Suggested References Problems APPENDIX A. Vector Relations APPENDIX B. Coordinate System Transformations APPENDIX C. Complex Numbers APPENDIX D. Integrals, Conversions, and Constants APPENDIX E. Material Properties APPENDIX F. Answers to Selected Problems INDEX.