gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Serology of oral Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and serotype distribution in human periodontal disease (1983)

Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans from the human oral cavity was serologically characterized with rabbit antisera to the type strain NCTC 9710; a number of reference strains, including Y4, ATCC 29522, ATCC 29523, ATCC 29524, NCTC 9709; and our own isolates representative of each of 10 biotypes. Using immunoabsorbed antisera, we identified three distinct serotypes by immunodiffusion and indirect immunofluorescence. Serotype a was represented by ATCC 29523 and SUNYaB 75; serotype b was represented by ATCC 29522 and Y4; and serotype c was represented by NCTC 9710 and SUNYaB 67. Indirect immunofluorescence revealed no reaction between the three A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype-specific antisera and 62 strains representing 23 major oral bacterial species. Distinct from the serotype antigens were at least one A. actinomycetemcomitans species common antigen and an antigen shared with other Actinobacillus species, Haemophilus aphrophilus, and Haemophilus paraphrophilus. All serotype a A. actinomycetemcomitans strains failed to ferment xylose, whereas all serotype b organisms fermented xylose. Serotype c included xylose-positive as well as xylose-negative strains. A total of 301 isolates of A. actinomycetemcomitans from the oral cavity of 74 subjects were serologically categorized by indirect immunofluorescence with serotype-specific rabbit antisera. Each patient harbored only one serotype of A. actinomycetemcomitans. Fourteen healthy subjects, five diabetics, and seventeen adult periodontitis patients exhibited serotypes a and b in approximately equal frequency, whereas serotype c was found less frequently. In contrast, in 29 localized juvenile periodontitis patients, the incidence of serotype b was approximately two times higher than that of serotypes a or c, suggesting a particularly high periodontopathic potential of A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype b strains. In subjects infected with A. actinomycetemcomitans, serum antibodies were detected to the serotype antigens, indicating that these antigens may play a role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease.
Cosmetic investigation of Kihada-prescriptions in Chinese medicine. (1987)

The six kinds of crude drugs frequently used in the Kihada-prescriptions in Chinese medicine were studied mainly about its moisturizing effect. It was recognized that the three crude drugs, Toki (Angelicae Radix), Shakuyaku (Peaoniae Radix), and Byakushi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix) had maintenance of a constant moisturizing effect, while Senkyu (Cnidii Rhizoma), Jio (Rehmanniae Radix), and Kanzo (Glycyrrhizae Radix) had few. Among them, especially Toki had desirable moisturizing effect that improved water holding capacity, and inhibit the water desorption from epidermis even under a circumstance of low humidity.As a consequent of this examination and our investigation that most of the Kihada-prescriptions contains one of these three drugs, Toki, Syakuyaku, and Byakushi, it was confirmed that the effectiveness of the Kihada-prescriptions was partly ascribed to the moisturizing effect and wound healing.
Interrogation of HHV-8 transcriptome in KS tumors and association with KS presentation and outcomes in Uganda (2015)

Annals of Global Health is a peer-reviewed, fully open access, online journal dedicated to publishing high quality articles dedicated to all aspects of global health. The journal's mission is to advance global health, promote research, and foster the prevention and treatment of disease worldwide. Its goals are to improve the health and well-being of all people, advance health equity, and promote wise stewardship of the earth's environment. The latest journal impact factor is 2.90. Annals of Global Health is supported by the Program for Global Public Health and the Common Good at Boston College. It was founded in 1934 by the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai as the Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine. It is a partner journal of the Consortium of Universities for Global Health. From time to time, Annals of Global Health publishes Special Collections, a series of articles organized around a common theme in global health. Recent Special Collections have included "Local evidence and strategies in addressing NCDs Non-Communicable Diseases in Tanzania", "Universal Health Coverage through Integrated Care", and "The Minderoo-Monaco Commission on Plastics and Human Health". Global health workers interested in developing a Special Collection are strongly encouraged to contact the Managing Editor in advance to discuss the project.
Survival of bacteria during aerosolization (1990)

One form of commercial application of microorganisms, including genetically engineered microorganisms is as an aerosol. To study the effect of aerosol-induced stress on bacterial survival, nonrecombinant spontaneous antibiotic-resistant mutants of four organisms, Enterobacter cloacae, Erwinia herbicola, Klebsiella planticola, and Pseudomonas syringae, were sprayed in separate experiments in a greenhouse. Samples were collected over a distance of 15 m from the spray site for enumeration. Spores of Bacillus subtilis were used as tracers to estimate the effects of dilution on changes in population over distance. Viable counts of P. syringae, Enterobacter cloacae, and K. planticola decreased significantly over a distance of 15 m. Erwinia herbicola showed no significant decline in counts over the same distance. The degree of survival of P. syringae during aerosolization was dependent on ambient environmental conditions (i.e., temperature, relative humidity), droplet size of the aerosol, and prior preparative conditions. Survival was greatest at high relative humidities (70 to 80%) and low temperatures (12 degrees C). Survival was reduced when small droplet sizes were used. The process of washing the cells prior to aerosolization also caused a reduction in their survival. Results from these experiments will be useful in developing sound methodologies to optimize enumeration and for predicting the downwind dispersal of airborne microorganisms, including genetically engineered microorganisms.
Siliziumphotonik — Grundbausteine kommerzieller Anwendungen (2013)

Abstract Die Siliziumphotonik hat sich in den letzten Jahren zu einem dynamischen Umfeld für Siliziumfertigungsbetriebe und Designhäuser entwickelt. Dies hat neben den traditionellen Telekommunikationsaktivitäten eine breite Palette kommerzieller Anwendungen ermöglicht, etwa optische Chipverbindungen, Sensorüberwachung oder Mikrowellenfilter und Strahlformer. Grundelemente wie Array‐Wellenleiter (arrayed‐waveguide grating, AWG), Mach‐Zehnder‐Interferometer (MZI), Multimode‐Interferenzkoppler (MMI) und Ringresonatoren (RR) sind bereits zu zuverlässigen und anpassbaren Standardelementen für komplexere, integrierte optische Systeme geworden.
Inaugural issue of UCSD Molecule Pages (2012)

We are pleased to launch the inaugural issue of the \n UCSD Molecule Pages\n\n . While the Molecule Pages themselves have been regularly published online since 2003, we have now taken a step ahead by compiling these publications in a bi-annual journal format.\n \n \n Each Molecule Page, based on a cell signaling protein, combines expert authored reviews describing the biological activity, regulation and localization of the protein with curated, highly-structured data (e.g. protein interactions) and automatic annotation from publicly available data sources (e.g. UniProt and Genbank).\n
Policy recognition for multi-player tactical scenarios (2007)

This paper addresses the problem of recognizing policies given logs of battle scenarios from multi-player games. The ability to identify individual and team policies from observations is important for a wide range of applications including automated commentary generation, game coaching, and opponent modeling. We define a policy as a preference model over possible actions based on the game state, and a team policy as a collection of individual policies along with an assignment of players to policies. This paper explores two promising approaches for policy recognition: (1) a model-based system for combining evidence from observed events using Dempster-Shafer theory, and (2) a data-driven discriminative classifier using support vector machines (SVMs). We evaluate our techniques on logs of real and simulated games played using Open Gaming Foundation d20, the rule system used by many popular tabletop games, including Dungeons and Dragons.
Design, Modeling, and Fabrication of High-Speed VCSEL with Data Rate up to 50 Gb/s (2019)

We have studied the characteristics of frequency response at 850-nm GaAs high-speed vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) with different kinds of oxide aperture sizes and cavity length using the PICS3D simulation program. Using 5-μm oxide aperture sizes, the frequency response behavior can be improved from 18.4 GHz and 15.5 GHz to 21.2 GHz and 19 GHz in a maximum of 3 dB at 25 °C and 85 °C, respectively. Numerical simulation results also suggest that the frequency response performances improved from 21.2 GHz and 19 GHz to 30.5 GHz and 24.5 GHz in a maximum of 3 dB at 25 °C and 85 °C due to the reduction of cavity length from 3λ/2 to λ/2. Consequently, the high-speed VCSEL devices were fabricated on a modified structure and exhibited 50-Gb/s data rate at 85 °C.
STAPHYLOCOCCAL ENTEROTOXIN B PRODUCTION IN HARD‐BOILED EGGS (1980)

ABSTRACT Enterotoxin B was detected in hard‐boiled eggs that were cooled in water containing <10 2 CFU/ml Staphylococcus aureus strain FRI‐947 and incubated at 37°C for 24 hr. Factors affecting enterotoxin B production were the number of organisms in the cooling water, cooling time, egg temperature and the length of time and temperature at which the eggs were held after cooling. Addition of 1% ovalbumln or conalbumin to 3% protein hydrolysate powder plus 3% N‐Z Amine NAK medium in flasks, incubated with shaking, increased the enterotoxin B production by 10–30% but no enterotoxin was produced in ovalbumin or boiled egg white suspension alone.
Pricing network edges for heterogeneous selfish users (2003)

We study the negative consequences of selfish behavior in a congested network and economic means of influencing such behavior. We consider a model of selfish routing in which the latency experienced by network traffic on an edge of the network is a function of the edge congestion, and network users are assumed to selfishly route traffic on minimum-latency paths. The quality of a routing of traffic is measured by the sum of travel times (the total latency).It is well known that the outcome of selfish routing (a Nash equilibrium) does not minimize the total latency. An ancient strategy for improving the selfish solution is the principle of marginal cost pricing, which asserts that on each edge of the network, each network user on the edge should pay a tax offsetting the congestion effects caused by its presence. By pricing network edges according to this principle, the inefficiency of selfish routing can always be eradicated.This result, while fundamental, assumes a very strong homogeneity property: all network users are assumed to trade off time and money in an identical way. The guarantee also ignores both the algorithmic aspects of edge pricing and the unfortunate possibility that an efficient routing of traffic might only be achieved with exorbitant taxes. Motivated by these shortcomings, we extend this classical work on edge pricing in several different directions and prove the following results.We prove that the edges of a single-commodity network can always be priced so that an optimal routing of traffic arises as a Nash equilibrium, even for very general heterogeneous populations of network users.When there are only finitely many different types of network users and all edge latency functions are convex, we show how to compute such edge prices efficiently.We prove that an easy-to-check mathematical condition on the population of heterogeneous network users is both necessary and sufficient for the existence of edge prices that induce an optimal routing while requiring only moderate taxes.
Experimental investigation of combustion and heat transfer in a direct-injection spark ignition engine via instantaneous combustion chamber surface temperature measurements (2008)

An experimental study was performed to provide the combustion and in-cylinder heat transfer characteristics resulting from different injection strategies in a direct-injection spark ignition (DISI) engine. Fast-response thermocouples were embedded in the piston top and cylinder head surface to measure the instantaneous combustion chamber surface temperature and heat flux, thus providing critical information about the combustion characteristics and a thorough understanding of the heat transfer process. Two distinctive operating modes, homogeneous and stratified, were considered and their effect on combustion and heat transfer in a DISI engine was investigated. The stratified operating mode yielded significantly higher spatial variations of heat flux than the homogeneous mode. This behaviour is directly caused by the main features of stratified combustion, i.e. vigorous burning of a close-to-stoichiometric mixture near the spark, and a cool, extremely lean mixture at the periphery. The cooling effect of the spray impinging on the piston surface when the fuel is injected late in compression could be detected too. The local phenomena change with varying speed and injection parameters. Comparison between the calculated global heat fluxes and measured local heat fluxes were performed in order to assess the behaviour of classic heat transfer models. Comparisons between the global and local heat fluxes provide additional insight into spatial variations, as well as indications about the suitability of different classic models for investigations of the heat transfer aspect of DISI engines. Special consideration is required when applying classic heat transfer correlations to stratified DISI operation as heat flux values are lower by more than 30 per cent when compared with homogeneous operation of the same engine at the same load.
Jaguar: A high‐performance quantum chemistry software program with strengths in life and materials sciences (2013)

Jaguar is an ab initio quantum chemical program that specializes in fast electronic structure predictions for molecular systems of medium and large size. Jaguar focuses on computational methods with reasonable computational scaling with the size of the system, such as density functional theory (DFT) and local second‐order Møller–Plesset perturbation theory. The favorable scaling of the methods and the high efficiency of the program make it possible to conduct routine computations involving several thousand molecular orbitals. This performance is achieved through a utilization of the pseudospectral approximation and several levels of parallelization. The speed advantages are beneficial for applying Jaguar in biomolecular computational modeling. Additionally, owing to its superior wave function guess for transition‐metal‐containing systems, Jaguar finds applications in inorganic and bioinorganic chemistry. The emphasis on larger systems and transition metal elements paves the way toward developing Jaguar for its use in materials science modeling. The article describes the historical and new features of Jaguar, such as improved parallelization of many modules, innovations in ab initio pKa prediction, and new semiempirical corrections for nondynamic correlation errors in DFT. Jaguar applications in drug discovery, materials science, force field parameterization, and other areas of computational research are reviewed. Timing benchmarks and other results obtained from the most recent Jaguar code are provided. The article concludes with a discussion of challenges and directions for future development of the program. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
AAR1/TUP1 protein, with a structure similar to that of the beta subunit of G proteins, is required for a1-alpha 2 and alpha 2 repression in cell type control of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (1991)

We have cloned a DNA fragment complementing the aar1 mutation defective in the a1-alpha 2 repression of the alpha 1 cistron and haploid-specific genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nucleotide sequence and mapping data indicated that the AAR1 gene is identical with TUP1, which is allelic to the SFL2, FLK1, CYC9, UMR7, AMM1, and AER2 genes, whose mutations are known to confer a variety of phenotypes, such as thymidine uptake, flocculation, insensitivity to glucose repression, a defect in UV-induced mutagenesis, and a defect in ARS plasmid maintenance. The TUP1/AER2 protein is known to have significant similarity with the beta subunits of G proteins in the C-terminal half, in two glutamine-rich domains in the N-terminal half, and in a central region rich in serine and threonine residues. Disruption of the chromosomal AAR1 gene in alpha and a/alpha cells conferred the nonmating phenotype, and the a/alpha diploids could not sporulate. The AAR1/TUP1 gene is transcribed into a 2.5-kb mRNA independently of the mating-type information of the cell. These observations and mRNA analysis of cell-type-specific genes indicated that the AAR1/TUP1 protein is also indispensable for a1-alpha 2 repression of RME1 and for alpha 2 repression of a-specific genes.
Tilt Control for Gyro-Stabilized Two-Wheeled Vehicles (2002)

Abstract Fully enclosed motorcycles could form the basis for extremely fuel and space efficient vehicles, but their inherent instability upon encountering even a momentary loss of traction renders them unsuitable for general use. It will be shown that a relatively simple tilt control system using a gyroscope to provide a tilt control moment is capable of stabilizing the vehicle at still stand or at speed on a very low traction surface. Furthermore, the system can achieve a coordinated turn on high traction surfaces. Since the gyro is an energy storage device, it can be used also in a hybrid system to provide extra power for acceleration and to recover some energy during braking. This relatively old idea should be reconsidered in light of the improved electromechanical devices, which have been developed recently for hybrid electric vehicles.
ErbB4 targeting approaches for prostate cancer treatment (2008)

AbstractCommentary to:Anti-ErbB4 targeted therapy combined with radiation therapy in prostate cancer: Results of in-vitro and in-vivo studiesAKIVA VEXLER, GHALIB LIDAWI, VERED LOEW, ITAY BARNEA, VICTORIYA KARAUSH, ALEXANDER SHTABSKY, RAMI BEN-YOSEF
Microbial community dynamics in replicate anaerobic digesters exposed sequentially to increasing organic loading rate, acidosis, and process recovery (2015)

In this study we show that once the replicate reactors are confronted with sub-optimal conditions, their microbial populations start to evolve differentially. Furthermore the alterations of commonly used microbial parameters to monitor the process, such as richness, evenness and diversity indices were unsuccessful to predict the process failure. At the same time, we tentatively propose the replacement of the dominant Methanosaeta sp. in this case by Methanoculleus sp., to be a potential warning indicator of acidosis.
Area efficient processing element architecture for compact hash functions systems on VIRTEX5 FPGA platform (2011)

This paper presents the design and analysis of an area efficient processing element structure for use in cryptographic systems especially for implementing hash functions. The proposed architecture achieves significant efficiency improvements based on a reduction in area. We demonstrate a compact processing element on FPGA. As a proof of concept, we employed that compact processing element in the implementation of the Blue Midnight Wish (BMW) hash function which is one of the fastest candidates in the 2nd round SHA-3 hash function competition when implemented in software. With our new processing element, on Xilinx Virtex-5 we implemented BMW-256 in just 51 slices achieving a throughput of 68.71 Mbps and BMW-512 in just 105 slices achieving a throughput of 112.18 Mbps. Our design of the new processing element (PE) require the use of block RAM memory for storing the internal structure of the hash functions as well as for the PE instruction logic.
Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: HLA-DR and -DQ genotyping in three ethnic groups. (1987)

Human genomic DNA samples from Caucasoids, Chinese, and Koreans of known serological DR antigen specificity were studied for IDDM-associated variation in HLA-DR and -DQ RFLPs (restriction fragment length polymorphisms). Genotyping allowed for accurate assignment of HLA-DR types and in Caucasoids DRw6 as well as DR2 was unequivocally decreased in IDDM. Further, the universality of certain DR2-associated DQ beta subtypes in protection against IDDM was established. HLA-DR3 was found to be increased in IDDM irrespective of whether carried on the B8. DR3 or B18. DR3 haplotype in Caucasoids or on the Bw58. DR3 haplotype in Chinese. These haplotypes have different DR alpha and DX alpha arrangements, so the region of susceptibility is confined to DQ alpha, DQ beta. For HLA-DR4, a 12kb/DQ beta/Bam HI fragment was increased in Caucasoid IDDM, but since this fragment is haplotype specific in Caucasoids and occurs in most healthy DR4- and w9-positive Asians, the 12 kb fragment may be a marker for a DR beta subtype of DR4 associated with IDDM in Caucasoids only. This study has shown the value of ethnic comparisons of HLA-associated diseases, where different linkage disequilibrium relationships have permitted identification of common susceptibility determinants and have provided evidence for some heterogeneity between Caucasoid and Asian populations, in the genetics of IDDM.
Changes in inflammatory mediators in experimental periodontitis in the rhesus monkey (1993)

Ligature-induced periodontitis was monitored for 6 months in eight Macaca mulatta monkeys to examine clinical status, radiographic bone level, and crevicular fluid (CF) levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), thromboxane B2 (TxB2), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), tumor necrosis factor alpha, and leukotriene B4 (LTB4). A split-mouth design was used, with eight ligated teeth and eight contralateral nonligated teeth which develop soft-chow-promoted (spontaneous) disease. Ligated sites experienced an average attachment loss of 0.94 mm per site and linear bone loss of 0.88 mm per site, with spontaneous-periodontitis sites experiencing approximately half the loss of ligated sites. The CF mediator levels showed increased levels of PGE2 and TxB2 at the ligated sites, as compared with the spontaneous sites, with no significant contralateral differences in the IL-1 beta or LTB4 responses. The concentrations of LTB4 in CF reached an early threefold peak over the baseline level at 1 month. By 2 months there was a statistically significant threefold elevation in CF-PGE2 in the ligated sites and a twofold elevation in the spontaneous sites as compared to the baseline level (P = 0.041 and 0.008, respectively). The monocyte product IL-1 beta increased sharply at 2 months and returned to the baseline level by 6 months at both ligated and nonligated sites. Tumor necrosis factor alpha in CF was below the limit of detection at all sites throughout the experiment (i.e., < 2 ng/ml). The selective elevation of both PGE2 and TxB2 in ligated sites, compared with levels in spontaneous sites, in the presence of similar levels of LTB4 and IL-1 beta provides further evidence that these molecules regulate the magnitude of the tissue-destructive response in progressive periodontitis.
Holographic particle velocity measurement in the Fraunhofer plane (1979)

Double exposure holograms of a moving particle field having a 1-D velocity distribution are produced. The Fraunhofer plane is observed on reconstruction, and it is shown that for a Gaussian velocity distribution, the fringes which modulate the diffraction pattern have spacings characteristic of the peak velocity. Known and measured peak velocities are compared, and the effect of the velocity distribution width on the fringe contrast is demonstrated.