gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of two MCMV immunoevasins that modulate NK cell recognition via the NKR-P1B:Clr-b axis (2016)

Abstract Natural killer (NK) cells are a subset of innate lymphoid cells (ILC) capable of recognizing pathological target cells through germline-encoded receptor-ligand interactions. Murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) is a betaherpesvirus that has co-evolved with its natural host, and as such, a significant portion of its genome encodes immunoevasins that directly target NK cell receptor-ligand interactions. Here, we identify two putative immunoevasins that modulate host-pathogen interactions via the inhibitory NKR-P1B:Clr-b recognition system. First, we identify an m145 family member, m153, that actively prevents MCMV infection-mediated Clr-b downregulation. Ectopic expression of m153 in mouse fibroblasts increases Clr-b expression at the cell surface. In contrast, infection with a virus deficient in m153 shows more substantial Clr-b loss at the cell surface compared to wild-type MCMV. Importantly, enhanced Clr-b loss upon infection with the m153-mutant could be reversed upon m153 complementation by overexpression. Secondly, we have identified an m02 family member, m12, that directly interacts with the NKR-P1B inhibitory receptor in reporter cell assays. Notably, the interaction between NKR-P1B and m12 is both Clr-b/β2m-independent, and infection of fibroblasts with m12-mutant MCMV abrogates NKR-P1B ligation on reporter cells. This interaction, suggestive of decoy ligand function, is also both MCMV strain-dependent and host NKR-P1B allele-specific, suggesting that polymorphisms have evolved at both the pathogen and host levels that affect NK cell recognition of infected target cells.
Role of dose intensity of TLR9 agonist CpG ODN (CPG 7909) in the treatment of metastatic murine renal cell carcinoma (2004)

3182 Background: Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG motifs (CpG ODN) directly activate the innate immune system by stimulating B cells to proliferate and secrete immunoglobulin, IL-6 and IL-10; NK cells to produce IFN-γ; and monocytes and dendritic cells to produce IL-6, IL-12, IL-18, TNF-α and IFN-α. CpG ODN can also activate the adaptive immune system when presented with an antigen. Thus, CpG ODN appear to be a potent immune activator that would be desirable for cancer immunotherapy. Herein, we examine the potential of CpG ODN to enhance the survival of mice with advanced metastatic murine renal cell carcinoma (Renca). Methods: BALB/c mice were injected with 1 x 105 Renca cells under the left kidney capsule. Animals were treated with CPG 7909 beginning on day 5 after tumor inoculation, and administered either as: (1) a single injection of 200 μg; (2) 4 injections of 50 μg administered at 4 distant sites weekly (3) two 100 μg injections given biweekly; or (4) 40 μg s. c. injections given daily for five consecutive days each week. All treatments lasted from day 5 to 58 post tumor induction. Results: Median survival improved from 28 days to 34 days for group 1, treated once with 200 μg CPG 7909, to 33 days for group 3 treated twice weekly with 100 μg each time and 31 days for group 4 treated on five consecutive days with 40 μg each time. The group treated once weekly with 4 injections of 50 μg each administered at 4 distant sites of the body had 80% of the animals surviving on day 35 post tumor induction. Conclusions: CPG 7909 is thus effective in prolonging survival in this metastatic Renca model, and more intense administration schedules provided the best efficacy of treatment. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Coley Pharmaceutical Group Coley Pharmaceutical Group Coley Pharmaceutical Group
Porous Silicon Micromachining Techniques for Accelerometer Fabrication (1995)

In this paper an epi-micromachining technique is presented which combines the advantages of both surface and bulk micromachining. The process is based on the use of a buried sacrificial porous layer and offers high flexibility. Horizontal and vertical accelerometer structures have been fabricated using the epitaxial layer as construction material. Buried p+ silicon was used as sacrificial material by selective porous formation of this layer. P+ silicon can be made porous by anodic etching in HF. This porous layer can later be removed using diluted KOH at room temperature.
Innovation in biosafety oversight: The Harvard Catalyst Common Reciprocal IBC Reliance Authorization Agreement (2019)

Increasingly, basic, translational, and clinical research has become more collaborative, resulting in multi-institutional studies that involve common approaches to a central question. For multi-institutional projects that involve recombinant or synthetic nucleic acids, Institutional Biosafety Committee (IBC) review is generally required at each separate site. Duplicative review may result in both administrative costs and delays, without evidence of increased safety or protections, and investigator frustration. To address these inefficiencies, IBC leaders drafted a collaborative IBC Reliance Authorization Agreement. The Agreement allows one or more institutions to cede IBC review to a reviewing IBC that accepts the responsibility. The ability to cede IBC review, and the ability to rely on one decision on behalf of all collaborating institutions for a given protocol, removes delays in approval of multi-center protocols, and collaborating principal investigators are able to focus on research rather than administrative tasks. In the process, we found promotion of this collaborative model led to stronger connections among institutions and among IBC members. The requirement for IBC member representation from the local community, however, limits its broader dissemination; we make several recommendations to mitigate this challenge.
Design of Slotted Transducer Arrays with Matched Backings (1979)

A design procedure is described for acoustic transducer arrays suitable for focused acoustic imaging systems. The criteria governing the choice of the width of the individual elements of the array and for broadband matching are discussed. Experimental results on 2.5 MHz arrays are given and are in good agreement with theory.
The well-programmed clavier (2013)

A look into the workings of the Emmy and Emily Howell programs, including musical examples with pointers to where they can be heard as well as seen.
NMR Studies in Polypyrrole (1985)

Abstract We present the results of proton and fluor NMR studies in the conducting polymer, polypyrrole-BF4. The fluor nuclear relaxation is dominated by the rotation of the BF− 4 ions, while the proton nuclear relaxation is controlled by the electronic spin motion on the polymer backbone.
Reaction of sperm with egg‐derived hydrogen peroxide helps prevent polyspermy during fertilization in the sea urchin (1981)

Abstract Recent evidence suggests roles for egg derived hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and ovoperoxidase (secreted by cortical granules) in both fertilization envelope hardening and the block to polyspermy in sea urchins. Strongylocentrotus purpuratus eggs were found to release H 2 O 2 during the cortical reaction at fertilization. Treatment of sperm with equivalent concentrations of H 2 O 2 resulted in a rapid loss of sperm fertilizing ability. Attempts were made to induce polyspermy by utilizing ovoperoxidase inhibitors at concentrations known to inhibit fertilization envelope hardening. Eggs fertilized in phenylhydrazine became polyspermic, while 3‐amino‐1,2,4‐triazole‐treated eggs did not. These data suggested that a sperm peroxidase might be involved in preventing polyspermy. This hypothesis was tested by the addition of phenylhydrazine or 3‐amino‐1,2,4‐trizaole to H 2 O 2 ‐treated sperm. Phenylhydrazine acted to protect sperm fertility from H 2 O 2 , while 3‐amino‐1,2,4‐triazole increased the adverse effect of H 2 O 2 . Simultaneous addition of both inhibitors to sperm incubated in H 2 O 2 gave an intermediate value of sperm fertility. These data indicate that (1) H 2 O 2 generated by sea urchin eggs during the cortical reaction at fertilization is used for two separate processes, fertilization envelope hardening and the prevention of polyspermy; (2) ovoperoxidase is probably not involved in preventing polyspermy; and (3) egg‐derived H 2 O 2 reacts directly with sperm enzymes to prevent polyspermy. The phenylhydrazine‐sensitive enzyme in the sperm is probably a peroxidase that acts to inactivate sperm, while the 3‐amino‐1,2,4‐triazolesensitive enzyme is probably a catalase which protects sperm from H 2 O 2 . This hypothesis is consistent with model experiments on horseradish peroxidase and bovine liver catalase.
¿‘Mascarillas virtuales’ para el acceso remoto y el teletrabajo? (2020)

En estos momentos de pandemia y COVID-19, ha sido necesario acelerar la famosa transformacion digital que estaba en boca de to-das las companias y de la sociedad, pero por lo que se ha demostrado en la mayoria de casos, poco se estaba preparado. La forzosa transicion al teletrabajo de la mayoria de negocios, ha acarreado una fuerte carga de datos a las redes corporativas, concentradores VPN y demas componentes de la electronica de red, por lo que se han tenido que realizar cambios con la maxima celeridad, asi como despliegues a toda prisa. Dentro de estos cambios, se ha tenido que usar herramientas cloud, conexiones remotas y software de chat y videoconferencia. Por esta inminente necesidad, que ha pillado a muchos por sorpresa, se han dejado de tener en cuenta aspectos muy importantes de la ciberseguridad tales como las actualizaciones de la politica de seguridad, la concienciacion a los usuarios sobre el teletrabajo y los accesos remotos, o aun peor, con las prisas se han obviado activar medidas para proteger a los empleados y a su trabajo, ante el ataque del creciente cibercrimen. En definitiva, no nos hemos puesto las mascarillas virtuales u otras medidas de ciberprofilaxis con la suficiente celeridad y de forma mas seria.
Wrapping server-side TCP to mask connection failures (2002)

We present an implementation of a fault-tolerant TCP (FT-TCP) that allows a faulty server to keep its TCP connections open until it either recovers or it is failed over to a backup. The failure and recovery of the server process are completely transparent to client processes connected with it via TCP. FT-TCP does not affect the software running on a client, does not require to change the server's TCP implementation, and does not use a proxy.
Distribution of tumor‐associated antigen cea and cross‐reacting NCA in fetal organs (1980)

The organ distribution of the tumor-associated carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and that of the normal tissue component NCA (non-specific cross-reacting antigen) have been investigated in the fetus. Organ extracts from five fetuses between 14 and 21 weeks of age were analysed by radioimmunoassay using specific antisera. CEA was detected in large amounts (800--1,650 ng/g) in fetal colon and in barely detectable amounts in lung and placental tissue. This differed from NCA, which could be detected in almost all organ extracts analysed. The highest concentration of NCA was measured in fetal colon and the content increased with the gestational age of the fetus. High amounts of NCA were also found in the liver, spleen and placental tissue. The gel elution profiles of CEA and NCA from an amniotic fluid pool and a pool of colonic extracts were also determined. CEA eluted similarly to the marker 125I--CEA purified from liver metastasis of colonic carcinoma. The NCA-reactive material was found in three distinct peaks.
Mathematical Modeling of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell with Nearly Spherical-Shaped Electrode Particles (2010)

A micro-scale model of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) involving electrochemical reactions and mass transport behaviors throughout electrodes packed with nearly spherical-shaped particles was mathematically developed. The model was validated by comparing the predicted results with already available experimental results. By minimizing the cell overpotential, the model provides the optimal size of electrode particles corresponding to the specified porosities. The optimal volumetric ratio between ionic and electronic conducting particles is also proposed. The study results substantiate the fact that SOFC overpotential could be effectively decreased by increasing the operating temperature as well as operating pressure. The present study reveals the working mechanisms of SOFC at the micro-scale level, while demonstrating the use of microstructure relations to enhance the SOFC performance.
Regulation of Expression of BIK Proapoptotic Protein in Human Breast Cancer Cells: p53-Dependent Induction of BIK mRNA by Fulvestrant and Proteasomal Degradation of BIK Protein (2006)

Induction of mRNA for BIK proapoptotic protein by doxorubicin or gamma-irradiation requires the DNA-binding transcription factor activity of p53. In MCF7 cells, pure antiestrogen fulvestrant also induces BIK mRNA and apoptosis. Here, we provide evidence that, in contrast to doxorubicin or gamma-irradiation, fulvestrant induction of BIK mRNA is not a direct effect of the transcriptional activity of p53, although p53 is necessary for this induction. It is known that p53 up-regulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) mRNA is induced directly by the transcriptional activity of p53. Whereas gamma-irradiation induced both BIK and PUMA mRNA, only BIK mRNA was induced by fulvestrant. Whereas both fulvestrant and doxorubicin induced BIK mRNA, only doxorubicin enhanced the DNA-binding activity of p53 and induced PUMA mRNA. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) suppression of p53 expression as well as overexpression of dominant-negative p53 effectively inhibited the fulvestrant induction of BIK mRNA, protein, and apoptosis. Transcriptional activity of a 2-kb BIK promoter, which contained an incomplete p53-binding sequence, was not affected by fulvestrant when tested by reporter assay. Fulvestrant neither affected the stability of the BIK mRNA transcripts. Interestingly, other human breast cancer cells, such as ZR75-1, constitutively expressed BIK mRNA even without fulvestrant. In these cells, however, BIK protein seemed to be rapidly degraded by proteasome, and siRNA suppression of BIK in ZR75-1 cells inhibited apoptosis induced by MG132 proteasome inhibitor. These results suggest that expression of BIK in human breast cancer cells is regulated at the mRNA level by a mechanism involving a nontranscriptional activity of p53 and by proteasomal degradation of BIK protein.
Multicast Control Extensions for the Access Node Control Protocol (ANCP) (2014)

This document specifies the extensions to the Access Node Control
Protocol (ANCP) (RFC 6320) required for support of the multicast use
cases defined in the Access Node Control Protocol framework document
(RFC 5851) and one additional use case described in this document.
These use cases are organized into the following ANCP capabilities: o
multicast replication initiated by the Network Access Server (NAS); o
conditional access and admission control with white and black lists;
o conditional access and admission control with grey lists; o
bandwidth delegation; and o committed bandwidth reporting. These
capabilities may be combined according to the rules given in this
specification. This document updates RFC 6320 by assigning capability
type 3 to a capability specified in this document and by changing the
starting point for IANA allocation of result codes determined by IETF
Consensus from 0x100 to 0x64.
Power decoupling techniques for micro-inverters in PV systems-a review (2010)

This paper reviews the power decoupling techniques of micro-inverters used in single-phase, grid-tied PV systems. The power decoupling techniques are categorized into three groups: (1) PV side decoupling; (2) DC link decoupling; and (3) AC side decoupling. Various topologies and techniques are presented, compared, and evaluated against the size of capacitance, efficiency and control complexity. Finally, potential topologies and technologies are pointed out as the best options for power decoupling implementation.
The Scotch in Norway (1886)

Journal Article The Scotch in Norway Get access Thomas Sinclair Thomas Sinclair Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s7-II, Issue 30, 24 July 1886, Page 65, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s7-II.30.65a Published: 24 July 1886
ChemInform Abstract: Electronic Absorptions in the High TC Superconductor YBa2Cu3Ox. (1988)

Abstract The reflectance spectra of a sintered YBa2Cu3Ox pellet, recorded for several oxygen contents (x = 6.0, 6.2, 6.4, 6.6, 7.0), show a broad reflectance feature in the range 1000‐9000 cm ‐1 , which is dependent on the oxygen content.
National Council of Mental Hygiene (1922)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Cytochrome P4S0 during ontogenic developments occurrence in the ductus arteriosus and other tissues (1994)

Our previous investigations have implicated a cytochrome P450 mechanism in the oxygen contraction of the ductus arteriosus and, by extension, in the closure of the vessel at birth. This study was undertaken in fetal and newborn sheep to characterize the ductal cytochrome and gather insight into its operation. Other tissues, vascular and extravascular, were used as a reference. Benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylation (a marker for the 3-methylcholanthrene-inducible isozyme) and aminopyrine N-demethylation (a marker for the glucocorticoid-inducible isozyme) had insignificant activity in the ductus and aorta from fetal sheep, and no increase was noted after exposing the animal in utero to beta-naphthoflavone or dexamethasone, both alone and in combination with phenobarbital. However, dexamethasone and, particularly, dexamethasone plus phenobarbital produced a variable constriction of the fetal ductus. No monooxygenase activity was found in the naturally closing ductus of the newborn. Conversely, both enzyme reactions were measurable in the fetal liver, and they became more active after treatment with the inducers or at birth. Scanning immunoelectron microscopy of cultured endothelial and muscle cells from both ductus and aorta showed specific gold labelling for the glucocorticoid-inducible cytochrome P450 only in ductal muscle. By transmission electron microscopy, this immunoreactivity was located along the sarcolemma and in the sarcoplasmic reticulum. These findings indicate the presence in the ductus arteriosus of a cytochrome P450 belonging to the 3A subfamily. However, considering the uneven action of the inducers on enzyme activity in ductal tissue and muscle tone, the role of this cytochrome in closure of the vessel at birth remains to be ascertained.
Effects of polarization in the presence and absence of biocides on biofilms in a simulated paper machine water (2011)

The antifouling potential of electric polarization combined and not combined with biocides was studied in nonsaline warm water with high organic content. Deinococcus geothermalis is a bacterium known for forming colored biofilms in paper machines and for its persistence against cleaning and chemical treatments. When D. geothermalis biofilms grown for 24 h in simulated paper machine water were exposed to cathodic or cathodically weighted pulsed polarization at least 60% (P < 0.05) of the biofilms were removed from stainless steel (AISI 316L). Biofilm removal by 25 ppm (effective substances 5-25 ppm) of oxidizing biocides (bromochloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, 2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide, peracetic acid) increased to 70% when combined with cathodically weighted pulsed polarization. Using a novel instrument that allows real-time detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS) we showed that the polarization program effective in antifouling generated ROS in a pulsed manner on the steel surface. We thus suggest that the observed added value of oxidative biocides combined with polarization depended on ROS. This suggestion was supported by the finding that a reductive biocide, methylene bisthiocyanate, counteracted the antifouling effect of polarization.
Synthesen (1971)

Die experimentelle Durchführung der vorliegenden Arbeit ist zu einem kleinen Teil (Sequenz 42–49) bereits ausführlich publiziert worden [91]. Da die weiteren Arbeiten bald an gleicher Stelle veröffentlicht werden sollen, wird im folgenden auf experimentelle Details verzichtet. Um der Übersichtlichkeit willen wird die von der IUPAC—IUEKommission für Biochemische Nomenklatur empfohlene Schreibweise für Aminosäuren, Peptide und deren Derivate [101] benutzt. Die physikalischen Konstanten, Ausbeuteangaben usw. beziehen sich durchweg auf chromatographisch reine Materialien, so wie sie für die Weiterverarbeitung eingesetzt wurden.
A security model for Aglets (1997)

Mobile agents offer a new paradigm for distributed computation, but their potential benefits must be weighed against the very real security threats they pose. These threats originate not just in malicious agents but in malicious hosts as well. For example, if there is no mechanism to prevent attacks, a host can implant its own tasks into an agent or modify the agent's state. This can lead in turn to theft of the agent's resources if it has to pay for the execution of tasks, or to loss of the agent's reputation if its state changes from one host to another in ways that alter its behavior in negative ways. Aglets are mobile agents developed at IBM's Tokyo Research Laboratory. The article describes a security model for the Aglets development environment that supports flexible architectural definition of security policies.
A critical examination of polyethylene molecular weight distribution control through the combination of soluble metallocene/methylalumoxane catalysts (1998)

The concept of molecular weight distribution (MWD) tailoring using metallocene catalysts is visualized as follows: catalysts which individually produce polymer of narrow MWD but of different average molecular weights can be selectively combined in varying amounts in order to achieve a high degree of control over the final polymer MWD. Although widely lauded, this concept is seldom put to the test in the open literature. We have observed that soluble metallocene/methylalumoxane catalysts individually produce polymer of a very consistent and reproducible MWD, although the rate at which they produce polymer is subject to high variability. In semi-batch polymerizations, this causes difficulty in controlling both the reaction rate and the MWD of the final product. In this study we present the results of several polymerization experiments combining rac-ethylenebis(indenyl)zirconium dichloride with both biscyclopentadienylzirconium dichloride and bisdicyclopentadienyltitanium dichloride. We also present a model in an attempt to predict the final MWD of a polymerization combining two catalysts. By considering the variances of catalyst activity, it is possible to generate a confidence interval around the prediction for a future polymerization. These predictions are compared with the results of actual experiments. It is observed that precise control is hindered by an inability to predict the activity of the catalysts combined in a polymerization. Some means of improving the predictions of MWD are given. © 1998 Society of Chemical Industry