gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DOMINANT DILUTION AND OTHER COLOR FACTORS IN COLLIE DOGS (1935)

Journal Article DOMINANT DILUTION AND OTHER COLOR FACTORS IN COLLIE DOGS Get access ALAN L. MITCHELL ALAN L. MITCHELL Laboratory of Vertebrate Genetics, University of Michigan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Heredity, Volume 26, Issue 10, October 1935, Pages 425–430, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a103997 Published: 01 October 1935
Online help to end‐users in a networked environment (1991)

Most computer users are familiar with the idea of the online tutorial and online help functions, as these apply to database, spreadsheet and wordprocessing programs. Such programs vary in complexity, and full training of some depth is usually required, which may come from formal courses, manuals or online tutors. Two trends, however, have emerged which require that a simpler approach to computer training is adopted: namely the increasing use of end‐user information retrieval systems, and the spread of networks which make these systems available in a decentralised environment. End‐users in a networked system may now have to rely less on centralised formal training and more on help provided by the systems themselves, which places a burden on system designers to provide such help functions. However, system designers are not always the best people to provide proper help functions as they do not necessarily understand the users' perceptions of the systems. The people better suited for this are the information specialists and librarians who deal with the end‐user on a daily basis. A good example of a networked end‐user system is the OPAC, the online catalogue, which may have thousands of users with different levels of computer experience, all of whom have to be taught to make use of the computer system in the simplest way possible. The challenge here is to understand how the OPAC end‐user perceives the bibliographic record, and how to inculcate an understanding of the new ways of accessing records that the computer provides. In designing an online help system, the expertise of professional teachers may also have to be sought in order to ensure proper communication between the information specialist and the end‐user. In this paper, the experience gained in installing the OPAC at the University of Cape Town Libraries is used to illustrate these points.
Biosynthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin. Purification and characterization of 6-pyruvoyl-tertrahydropterin synthase from human liver (1986)

6-Pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase, which catalyzes the first step in the conversion of 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate to tetrahydrobiopterin, was purified approximately 140,000-fold to apparent homogeneity from human liver. The molecular mass of the enzyme is estimated to be 83 kDa. 7,8-Dihydroneopterin triphosphate was a substrate of the enzyme in the presence of Mg2+, and the pH optimum of the reaction was 7.5 in Tris HCl buffer. The Km value for 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate was 10 microM. The product of this enzymatic reaction was the presumed intermediate 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin. This latter compound was converted to tetrahydrobiopterin in the presence of NADPH and partially purified sepiapterin reductase from human liver. The conditions and the effect of N-acetylserotonin on this reaction, and on the formation of the intermediates 6-(1'-hydroxy-2'-oxopropyl)-tetrahydropterin and 6-(1' oxo-2'-hydroxypropyl)-tetrahydropterin have been studied.
Multiple Patent Litigation--Kerotest Mfg. Co. v. C-O-TWO Co. (1956)

A frequently recurring problem in the field of patent litigation arises when a patentee and an alleged infringing manufacturer are carrying on simultaneous litigation, involving the same patent rights, in different federal district courts.Assume that P is the owner of a patent on a home permanent wave kit.M is manufacturing and distributing another home permanent wave kit which P claims infringes on P's patent.What are P's rights to sue either M or M's distributees for infringement, and in what forums can such actions be brought?What are M's rights to obtain a declaratory judgment, and in what forums can M bring his action?What happens when P sues M or a distributee of M for infringement, while at the same time M is suing P in another forum for a declaration of rights concerning the same basic patent rights?Under what circumstances can either P or M enjoin the prosecution of the other party's action or have the other party's action stayed, dismissed, or transferred (under section 1404(a) of the Judicial Code) ?It is the purpose of this article to discuss the various aspects of this multiple patent litigation problem, laying particular stress on the implications of and developments since the United States Supreme Court decision in Kerotest Mfg.Co. v. C-O-Two Co.' Jurisdiction and VenueThe Judicial Code 2 provides that federal district courts have original and exclusive jurisdiction of actions arising under any act of Congress relating to patents.The law is clear that a patentee or his successors in title may sue an alleged infringing manufacturer for infringement, 3 or seek declaratory relief.'He may also bring an action against customers or distributors of the infringing manufacturer.'On the other hand, the infring-
113. The cis-form of azobenzene and the velocity of the thermal cis→trans-conversion of azobenzene and some derivatives (1938)

G. S. Hartley, J. Chem. Soc., 1938, 633 DOI: 10.1039/JR9380000633
Brain injury severity and autonomic dysregulation accurately predict heterotopic ossification in patients with traumatic brain injury (2007)

The occurrence of autonomic dysregulation may predict the chance of developing heterotopic ossification in patients with severe head injury.
Micro-fluid device using thick layer piezoactuator prepared on Si micromachined structure (2002)

The design and fabrication of a piezoelectric microactuator on a silicon diaphragm is presented for application of micro ink jet. We developed the micro-devices for the fluid transference that are fabricated using thick film technologies for ceramic materials and Si micromachining. The performance of droplet ejection is shown from the optimal design parameters. It is closely related to the precise machining of flow channel structures and the piezoelectric actuator capacity. The features of micro-fabrication and ink drops are described.
THE CORRELATION OF ELECTRORETINOGRAPHIC AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS IN THE EYES OF MICE INFECTED WITH THE 79A STRAIN OF SCRAPIE (1989)

Retinal degeneration was produced using the 79A strain of scrapie injected intracerebrally into mice of the MM inbred strain, and studied by electroretinography and light and electron microscopy during the preclinical and clinical phases of the disease. The changes in the electroretinogram (ERG), detectable in some mice at 118 days postinjection (d.p.i.), appeared to coincide with the earliest morphological evidence of photoreceptor damage. In the early stages there was a progressive reduction of b-wave amplitude without marked loss of retinal sensitivity or significant change in a- and b-wave peak implicit times. Extinction of the ERG, observed in half the mice examined at 144 d.p.i., approximated to a stage of the retinopathy in which the outer nuclear layer was reduced to about four rows of nuclei. Early morphological changes suggested that the primary lesion involved the integrity of the photoreceptor as a whole, the electrophysiological findings reflecting a primary loss of light sensitive tissue rather than impairment of the transduction mechanism or neurotransmission.
On the Occurrence of the Fulvous breasted Woodpecker Dendrocopos Macei (Vieillot) in Sikkim (1967)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Valuing the benefits and costs of improved food safety and nutrition (1998)

Assuring the quality of food products, especially their safety and nutrition levels, is an increasing focus for governments, companies, and international trade bodies. In choosing quality assurance programs, public and private decision‐makers must assess the benefits and costs of expected improvements in food safety and nutrition. This article discusses methods for measuring these benefits and costs as well as how these valuations are related to the mix of voluntary and mandatory quality management systems used in particular countries or trading blocs. These relationships are illustrated by a short case study of safety assurance systems for meat and poultry products.
A Direct Fluoroimmunoassay for Conjugated Chenodeoxycholic Acid Using Antibody Coupling to Magnetisable Particles (1980)

A novel solid phase fluoroimmunoassay for conjugated chenodeoxycholic acid has been developed employing an antiserum coupled to magnetisable cellulose particles and a chenodeoxycholyl glycinefluorescein thiocarbamyl ethylene diamine conjugate as the label. The data obtained from serum samples from 25 patients correlated closely (r = 0.99) with those obtained by radioimmunoassay. The assay is rapid (30 minutes), simple, and ideal for routine clinical purposes.
Disposable Apparatus for Closed Bladder Tidal Drainage (1970)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Nov 1970Disposable Apparatus for Closed Bladder Tidal Drainage Hans Henrik Holm and Klas Egeblad Hans Henrik HolmHans Henrik Holm More articles by this author and Klas EgebladKlas Egeblad More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)61829-9AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Disposable Apparatus for Closed Bladder Tidal Drainage." The Journal of Urology, 104(5), pp. 753–754 © 1970 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited bySABBUBA N, STICKLER D, LONG M, DONG Z, SHORT T and FENELEY R (2018) DOES THE VALVE REGULATED RELEASE OF URINE FROM THE BLADDER DECREASE ENCRUSTATION AND BLOCKAGE OF INDWELLING CATHETERS BY CRYSTALLINE PROTEUS MIRABILIS BIOFILMS?Journal of Urology, VOL. 173, NO. 1, (262-266), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2005.Rosenblum R (2018) Urological Care of Patients with Acute Spinal Cord Injury Using Tidal DrainageJournal of Urology, VOL. 116, NO. 5, (587-588), Online publication date: 1-Nov-1976. (2018) CommentJournal of Urology, VOL. 116, NO. 4, (481-481), Online publication date: 1-Oct-1976.Nilsson T and Weile F (2018) The Use of Furosemide in the Postoperative Management of Prostatectomy: A Prospective InvestigationJournal of Urology, VOL. 116, NO. 4, (480-481), Online publication date: 1-Oct-1976. (2018) CommentJournal of Urology, VOL. 116, NO. 2, (172-172), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1976.Chamberlain G and Needham P (2018) The Absorption of Antibiotics from the BladderJournal of Urology, VOL. 116, NO. 2, (172-173), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1976. Volume 104Issue 5November 1970Page: 753-754 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1970 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.Metrics Author Information Hans Henrik Holm More articles by this author Klas Egeblad More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
A NOVEL RESUSCITATION ALGORITHM USING WAVEFORM ANALYSIS AND END-TIDAL CARBON DIOXIDE PRESSURE FOR VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION (2011)

Ventricular fibrillation (VF) is a lethal heart rhythm that leads to cardiac arrest. It has been shown that amplitude spectral area (AMSA) in prolonged VF correlates with success of resuscitation. This study will compare traditional resuscitation with a novel resuscitation algorithm using AMSA and end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) to time defibrillations.VF will be induced in 60 swine. Resuscitation will commence after 10 minutes of untreated VF. Cases will receive defibrillation if AMSA is >19.8 mVHz and ETCO2 >20 mm of Hg, otherwise chest compressions will continue for another 90 seconds. Controls will have standard resuscitation. Sub group analysis will include effect of induced myocardial infarction (MI).End points will include survival, neurologic scores, duration of resuscitation efforts, and number of defibrillations.This experiment will establish whether using AMSA and ETCO2 to time defibrillations results in superior resuscitation compared with standard techniques.
On Distributed Power Allocation for Rate-Constrained Wireless Networks (2006)

A prevalent advancement of wireless networks has been the capability to support variable-service users with distinct applications. This paper addresses power allocation in a network where users have stringent constraints on throughput and performance. With the presented power control policy, a user shall adapt transmit power in autonomous fashion so as to satisfy constraints on throughput and performance. The analysis applies to both uplink and downlink transmission with the optimal power assignment attainable in either centralized or distributed fashion.
Security Analysis and Enhancement for Prefix-Preserving Encryption Schemes. (2012)

Prefix-preserving encryption (PPE) is an important type of encryption scheme, having a wide range of applications, such as IP addresses anonymization, prefix-matching search, and rang search. There are two issues in PPE schemes, security proof and single key requirement. Existing security proofs for PPE only reduce the security of a real PPE scheme to that of the ideal PPE object by showing their computational indistinguishability [1, 14]. Such security proof is incomplete since the security of the ideal encryption object is unknown. Also, existing prefix-preserving encryption schemes only consider a single encryption key, which is infeasible for a practical system with multiple users (Implying that all users should have the single encryption key in order to encrypt or decrypt confidential data). In this paper we develop a novel mechanism to analyze the security of the ideal PPE object. We follow the modern cryptographic approach and create a new security notion IND-PCPA. Then, we show that such weakened security notion is necessary and the ideal PPE object is secure under IND-PCPA. We also design a new, security-enhanced PPE protocol to support its use in multi-user systems, where no single entity in the system knows the PPE key. The protocol secret shares and distributes the PPE key to a group of key agents and let them “distributedly encrypt ” critical data. We develop a novel distributed PPE algorithm and the corresponding request and response protocols. Experimental results show that the protocol is feasible in practical systems. Key Words: Prefix-preserving encryption, security notion, IND-CPA, IND-PCPA, cryptographical security proof, multi-user systems, distributed prefix-preserving encryption algorithm. 1
EUR Prediction for Unconventional Reservoirs: State of the Art and Field Case (2018)

Abstract Forecasting future production and estimating ultimate recovery (EUR) in supertight reservoirs and shale plays has long been problematic. Developing a reliable and more accurate production forecast have always been a main goal of any petroleum operation. Effectively assessing the reservoir volume and well producing life is instrumental for creation of development scenarios and strategies to maximize the value to the company. Different models have been introduced and used for reserves estimation and production forecast of unconventional reservoirs. This work is intended to review and compare the methods and models currently used in the industry. Reserves estimation is a process that is constantly updated during the life of a reservoir. Its accuracy depends on the amount of data available and the method of forecast. Analytical models or rate transient analysis (RTA) methods are widely used for history matching and production forecast of unconventional reservoirs. Numerical simulation is also used for estimating ultimate recovery. Different relations have been introduced to model the rate/time behavior in unconventional plays as an alternative to the Arps’ decline curve analysis to address shortcomings when matching production history. Modified hyperbolic decline, power-law exponential decline (PLED), stretched-exponential decline (SEPD), Duong's method, and logistic-growth model (LGM) are developed for forecasting the production in shale reservoirs, but all are based on empirical observations of a particular scenario. In this study, different methods of history matching the production of hydraulically fractured unconventional reservoirs were investigated by forecasting future production and predicting EUR's to quantify the differences between them. The traditional Arps’ decline for low permeability reservoirs over-forecasts reserves. PLED, SEPD, LGM, and Duong's method were intended to represent the character of rate/time production data for the standard well completion in a multiple-fractured horizontal well in a shale play. These methods provide different forecasts as they have different equation forms. Unfortunately, all of them are not satisfactorily sufficient to forecast production for all unconventional reservoirs. The RTA analytical models required certain modifications of the reservoir and fracture parameters to provide optimistic EUR when compared to the numerical simulation. Different methods for forecasting unconventional well data have been reviewed and compared in this work based on the production forecast and EUR prediction. Field case production data has been used to reveal the accuracy of the models, the similarity of reserves estimation, and the relationship to the reservoir theory.
Rapid Evolution of Pandemic Noroviruses of the GII.4 Lineage (2010)

Over the last fifteen years there have been five pandemics of norovirus (NoV) associated gastroenteritis, and the period of stasis between each pandemic has been progressively shortening. NoV is classified into five genogroups, which can be further classified into 25 or more different human NoV genotypes; however, only one, genogroup II genotype 4 (GII.4), is associated with pandemics. Hence, GII.4 viruses have both a higher frequency in the host population and greater epidemiological fitness. The aim of this study was to investigate if the accuracy and rate of replication are contributing to the increased epidemiological fitness of the GII.4 strains. The replication and mutation rates were determined using in vitro RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) assays, and rates of evolution were determined by bioinformatics. GII.4 strains were compared to the second most reported genotype, recombinant GII.b/GII.3, the rarely detected GII.3 and GII.7 and as a control, hepatitis C virus (HCV). The predominant GII.4 strains had a higher mutation rate and rate of evolution compared to the less frequently detected GII.b, GII.3 and GII.7 strains. Furthermore, the GII.4 lineage had on average a 1.7-fold higher rate of evolution within the capsid sequence and a greater number of non-synonymous changes compared to other NoVs, supporting the theory that it is undergoing antigenic drift at a faster rate. Interestingly, the non-synonymous mutations for all three NoV genotypes were localised to common structural residues in the capsid, indicating that these sites are likely to be under immune selection. This study supports the hypothesis that the ability of the virus to generate genetic diversity is vital for viral fitness.
EDGC: Efficient Dynamic Group Caching Technique for Mobile Ad hoc Networks (2012)

Mobile Ad hoc Networks are wireless networks which are composed of mobile nodes without any kind of wired infrastructure. Dynamic topology is one of the crucial ingredients. There is a problem in accessing the data items because of Ad hoc Nature. Caching can help in mobile ad hoc networks to improve the accessibility and availability of data items. In this paper, we propose a novel caching scheme called Efficient Dynamic Group Caching (EDGC) which allows grouping of mobile hosts at one hop distance. Sub Group Head and Group Master will manage the group. By using the proposed Efficient Group Caching, the caching space in nodes can be efficiently utilized and thus the redundancy of cached data is decreased and the average access latency is reduced.
Osteoprotegerin Inhibits Artery Calcification Induced by Warfarin and by Vitamin D (2001)

The present experiments were carried out to test the hypothesis that arterial calcification is linked to bone resorption by determining whether the selective inhibition of bone resorption with osteoprotegerin will inhibit arterial calcification. In the first test, arterial calcification was induced by treating 22-day-old male rats with warfarin, a procedure that inhibits the gamma-carboxylation of matrix Gla protein and causes extensive calcification of the arterial media. Compared with rats treated for 1 week with warfarin alone, rats treated with warfarin plus osteoprotegerin at a dose of 1 mg/kg per day had dramatically reduced alizarin red staining for calcification in the aorta and in the carotid, hepatic, mesenteric, renal, and femoral arteries, and they had 90% lower levels of calcium and phosphate in the abdominal aorta (P<0.001) and in tracheal ring cartilage (P<0.01). More rapid arterial calcification was induced by treating 49-day-old male rats with toxic doses of vitamin D. Treatment for 96 hours with vitamin D caused widespread alizarin red staining for calcification in the aorta and the femoral, mesenteric, hepatic, renal, and carotid arteries, and osteoprotegerin completely prevented calcification in each of these arteries and reduced the levels of calcium and phosphate in the abdominal aorta to control levels (P<0.001). Treatment with vitamin D also caused extensive calcification in the lungs, trachea, kidneys, stomach, and small intestine, and treatment with osteoprotegerin reduced or prevented calcification in each of these sites. Measurement of serum levels of cross-linked N-teleopeptides showed that osteoprotegerin dramatically reduced bone resorption activity in each of these experiments (P<0.001). Therefore, we conclude that doses of osteoprotegerin that inhibit bone resorption are able to potently inhibit the calcification of arteries that is induced by warfarin treatment and by vitamin D treatment. These results support the hypothesis that arterial calcification is linked to bone resorption.
Chemiluminescence as a tool for the evaluation of antimicrobial agents: a review. (1985)

Chemiluminescence is a measure of the respiratory burst of phagocytic immune cells following stimulation by antigen. Measurement of chemiluminescence by scintillation counters set in the out of coincidence mode or by instruments designed specifically to measure chemiluminescence is an accurate, reproducible means of evaluating the immune potential of chemiluminescence emiting cell populations. One area under recent investigation has been the study of the effect of antimicrobial agents on the ability of various immune cell populations to emit chemiluminescence. This technique permits the investigator to test the effect of a drug on the activity of immune cell populations. The purpose of this review is to describe chemiluminescence, the basic kinetics of the response following stimulation with various antigens, and the reported effects of antimicrobial agents on chemiluminescence which have appeared in the literature.