gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interfaces of high-protection performance polyaryls-coated zinc phosphated steels (1994)

To evaluate the ability of polyaryl thermoplastic coatings such as polyphenylenesulfide (PPS) and polyphenyletheretherketone (PEEK), to protect zinc phosphate (Zn{center_dot}Ph)-treated steels from corrosion in a wet, harsh environment (1.0 wt % H{sub 2}SO{sub 4}, 3.0 wt % NaCl and 96.0 wt % water at temperature from 250 to 200 C), we exposed them in autoclave to determine performance in heating-cooling cyclic fatigue tests (1 cycle = 12 hr at 200 C + 12 hr at 25 C) for up to 90 cycles. Although no changes in appearance were seen in the PEEK specimens after 60 cycles, extension to 90 cycles caused delamination of the coating film from the Zn{center_dot}Ph; the major reason was the degradation of the PEEK polymer caused by its hydrothermalcatalyzed esterification. In urea hydrogen peroxide (UHP)-modified PPS-coating systems, chemical reactions at the interfaces between the PPS and Zn in the Zn{center_dot}Ph layer led to the formation of a ZnS reaction product, which enhanced the Zn{center_dot}Ph-to-PPS adhesive bond; correspondingly, there were no signs of peeling nor separation of the coating after 90 cycles. In addition, because these intermediate reaction products are insoluble at high pH, they minimized the rate of delamination of the PPS coating caused by the cathodic reaction, H{sub 2}O + 1/2O{sub 2} + 2e{sup {minus}} {yields} 2OH{sup {minus}}, at the corrosion side of a defect in the film. In contrast, PEEK coatings containing non-reactive Zn{center_dot}Ph underwent cathodic delamination because of the susceptibility of Zn{center_dot}Ph to alkali dissolution.
An Additive Fuzzy Clustering Model (1994)

本論文は, 分類対象の集合上で観測された対象間の類似度データに対する加法的ファジィクラスタリングモデルを提案しその性質について考察したものである.クラスタリングモデルにおいてクラスターとはある種の共通な性質を有する対象の部分集合として定義される.従来の加法的ハードクラスタリングモデルにおいては, 対象間の類似度はそれらが共通に属すクラスターに付けられた重さの和として表現される.したがって, このモデルによって対象間の類似度の構造を説明するためには類似度のもつ潜在次元数とクラスターの個数との関係から多数のクラスターを必要とする.本論文では, ファジィクラスター(分類対象の集合上のファジィ部分集合で表現されるクラスターをここではファジィクラスターと呼ぶ)の概念を加法的クラスタリングモデルに導入することによって少数のクラスターで類似性の構造が説明可能となることを示し, この概念に基づく3つのモデル, 単純加法的, 重複を考慮した加法的, 類似度の順序のみを考慮した加法的ファジィクラスタリングモデルを提案する.これらのモデルの考察から, 加法的ファジィクラスタリングモデルにおいては, 少数のクラスターでより詳細なクラスターの性質が抽出可能となることが示される.さらに, 従来のハードクラスタリングの場合と比較して, 帰属度がファジィグレードで表現され, 帰属度の値のとり得る自由度が増加することにより, 類似度の構造とクラスターとの関連がより明確に表現できる.
Rapid estimation of porosity and mineral abundance in backscattered electron images using a simple SEM image analyser (1984)

Abstract Image analysis is rapidly becoming an integral part of scanning electron microscopy. A number of analogue and digital image analysis systems of varying sophistication are now commercially available for the SEM. This paper illustrates how one such relatively simple system, the IMAS image analyser manufactured by Cambridge Technology, can be used to obtain rapid quantitative estimates of porosity and mineral abundance in backscattered electron images of polished rock sections.
ANTERIOR APPROACH TO SCOLIOSIS (1974)

1. The equipment used in the correction of scoliosis by the anterior route is described. 2. The important points in surgical technique are emphasised. 3. The results of operation on fifty-one patients are analysed. 4. Attention is drawn to the high rate of fusion, the stability of correction, and the brevity of the period of convalescence.
The trading volume trend, investor sentiment, and stock returns (2005)

This dissertation relates the information contained in past trading volume to investor sentiment, and investigates its ability in predicting stock returns. Investor sentiment here refers to the enthusiasm of irrational investors on an asset, relative to that of rational investors. Motivated by Baker and Stein (2004) that an increase in trading volume reflects a rise in investor sentiment, I use the change in trading volume per unit of time, referring it as the trading volume trend, as a measure of investor sentiment on individual stocks. I document a negative and significant cross-sectional relation between the trading volume trend and stock returns, both in the short term and in the long run. This relation is dynamic and holds after controlling for several liquidity measures and other possible determinants of expected returns. It also holds for various volume measures and momentum portfolios. Specifically, both winner and loser portfolios show the effect of the trading volume trend. The effect exists in stocks of small and large firms, and in optioned and non-optioned stocks. These findings suggest that the negative effect of the trading volume trend on stocks returns is robust. Moreover, a composite trading volume trend, formed on the trading volume trends of individual stocks, can predict both the equally-weighted and the value-weighted market returns in the expected direction, after controlling for other possible determinants of market returns. The composite trading volume trend also explains closed-end fund discounts. Collectively these findings support that the trading volume trend contains information on investor sentiment, and that investor sentiment has a valuation effect on stocks.
Gastrointestinal Visceral Motor Complications of Dermatomal Herpes Zoster: Report of Two Cases and Review (1993)

Motor complications are uncommon manifestations of herpes zoster. This report describes two cases of gastrointestinal visceral motor manifestations associated with dermatomal herpes zoster and reviews the English-language literature since 1900. The 17 cases reviewed were divided clinically into two groups: colonic pseudo-obstruction and localized colonic spasm. Characteristics of the patients, radiographic study results, endoscopic findings, proposed pathogenesis, and management options are discussed. It is important to recognize this manifestation in order to institute proper management and avoid unnecessary surgery, given the complete resolution with conservative management in most cases.
Effect of the multistage chemical treatment of carbon nanotubes on their purity and quality of walls (2012)

The effect of chemical methods that include the gas-phase and liquid-phase selective oxidation methods, of hydrochloric acid when used in different sequences, and of concentrated nitric acid on the purification efficiency of carbon nanotubes after their synthesis is studied. Changes in the quality of walls of this material at different stages of purification are studied physicochemically.
Microsoft Office 97 User Manual (1998)

From the Publisher:
Microsoft Office 97 User Manual picks up where other user manuals fall short by providing detailed documentation of Office's many commands, dialog boxes, buttons, toolbars, and more. Here, you'll find documentation for the many complex tools found in Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and Outlook 98 features - all organized by menu.
Study and application of Vulcan XC-72R in low temperature fuel cells (2011)

The most developed fuel cells are those working at low temperature using a\npolymeric electrolyte, PEMFC and DAFC, the latter making use of different alcohols\ndirectly as fuel. At present, the most effective fuel cell catalysts, both in cathode and\nanode, are highly dispersed platinum-based nanoparticles. These Pt nanoparticles are\nnormally supported on carbon materials in order to increase the active surface area of Pt\nand improve the catalyst utilization. Among other factors, the performance of metal\nnanoparticles supported on carbon materials depends strongly on the properties of the\nsupport. For fuel cell applications, carbon supports should have several characteristics\nsuch as high surface area for dispersing catalytic metal particles, high electrical\nconductivity for providing electrical pathways, and mesoporous structure for the facile\ndiffusion of reactants and by-products. Moreover, the interaction between the carbon\nsupport and the Pt plays an important role in the properties of the Pt/C catalyst. This\ninteraction can be improved through the surface modification of the support in order to\nform proper functional groups and chemical links at the Pt/C interface. These functional\ngroups can significantly affect the manufacture and performance of electrocatalysts, and\nthey are responsible for both the acid-base and the redox properties of the carbon\nsupports.\nNowadays, among all kinds of carbon supports, carbon blacks are the most\ncommonly used due to their high mesoporous distribution and their graphite\ncharacteristics. Vulcan XC-72(R) is the most frequently used in the preparation of\ncommercial electrocatalysts because of its good compromise between electrical\nconductivity and high surface area.\nIn this chapter, a detailed analysis about the properties of Vulcan XC-72R and the\neffect that different functionalization treatments have on them will be reported.\nSubsequently, the influence of the properties of the support on platinum supported\ncatalysts will be established. The results of the use of these catalysts at the anode side of\na PEM fuel cell will be presented in order to demonstrate the effective application of\nthis carbon material in low temperature fuel cells and to establish the effect of the\nfunctionalization of the support on the fuel cell performance.
Experimental and Field Data Analyses of Ball-Sealer Diversion (2013)

Summary Diversion methods are routinely used in both matrix-acidizing and fracturing-stimulation treatments. The diversion methods are categorized into chemical diversion and mechanical diversion. In this study, we focus on one of the classical mechanical-diversion methods, ball sealers. Ball-sealer diversion is used in cased and perforated wells to divert stimulation fluids by temporarily blocking perforation holes in the casing with rubber-coated balls. This diversion method can be very effective, particularly with highrate injection, but no general methodology is available to design ball-sealer diversion, or to evaluate its effectiveness from the treating rate and pressure record. Although some design methodologies, such as the use of buoyant ball sealers to improve the ball-sealer efficiency, have been suggested, no model has been presented for determining how many balls seat on the perforations. In this paper, experimental data from an extensive series of full-scale flow experiments conducted by Bern (1993) and Bern and Lewis (1992a, b) were analyzed. We summarized several features of the ball sealers which are not presented in the literature. Also we used the procedure presented by Brown et al. (1963) to evaluate the statistical nature of the ball behavior in the experimental results. The experiments were designed to minimize the scatter of data. However, the seating process was found to still be statistical. We developed an empirical correlation for ball-sealer performance on the basis of the experiments. We also analyzed one field acid-fracturing treatment where ball sealers were used as a diversion method. The analyzed data were then compared to the experimental results. A similar trend in seating behavior was observed.
Physiology of Muscular Activity (1960)

Physiology of Muscular Activity Physiology of Muscular Activity. Karpovich Peter V.. Fifth Edition, 368 pp. W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia. ( 1959) $5.50. D. Wall D. Wall Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar AIBS Bulletin, Volume 10, Issue 2, April 1960, Page 45, https://doi.org/10.2307/1292836 Published: 01 April 1960
A simple algorithm for detecting circular permutations in proteins (1999)

ron@biocom1.ls.biu.ac.il.
Distribution of Estrogen Receptor-β-Like Immunoreactivity in Rat Forebrain (1997)

The data presented here are the first to describe the distribution of estrogen receptor-beta (ER beta)-like immunoreactivity in brain tissue. We employed an affinity purified rabbit antiserum made against a portion of the C-terminal of the ER beta protein. The majority of ER beta-like immunoreactive (ER beta-ir) neurons were found in the following regions: lateral septum, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, paraventricular nucleus, supraoptic nucleus, medial amygdala, the dentate gyrus and the CA1 and CA2 fields of the hippocampus. A few ER beta-ir neurons were noted in the anterior hypothalamus, periventricular nucleus, medial preoptic area, and in the arcuate nucleus. All of the immunoreactivity appeared nuclear in its subcellular distribution, with the exception of the cells in the lateral septum, CA1 and CA2. In these areas immunoreactivity was noted throughout the perikarya and in cell processes. The data suggest that ER beta mediates estrogen's actions in a subset of hypothalamic and limbic neurons.
Smad3-dependent nuclear translocation of β-catenin is required for TGF-β1-induced proliferation of bone marrow-derived adult human mesenchymal stem cells (2006)

Adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow contribute to the regeneration of multiple types of mesenchymal tissues. Here we describe the functional role of a novel form of cross-talk between the transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) and Wnt signaling pathways in regulating the activities of human MSCs. We show that TGF-beta1 induces rapid nuclear translocation of beta-catenin in MSCs in a Smad3-dependent manner. Functionally, this pathway is required for the stimulation of MSC proliferation and the inhibition of MSC osteogenic differentiation by TGF-beta1, likely through the regulation of specific downstream target genes. These results provide evidence for a new mode of cooperation between the TGF-beta and Wnt signaling pathways in this specific cellular context and suggest a potentially important role for this distinct signaling pathway in the control of self-renewal and differentiation of a specific type of MSCs.
Testing the applicability of intelligent methods for information retrieval* (1987)

Presentation de deux evaluations de l'utilisation de l'intelligence artificielle dans les systemes de recherche de l'information, elaborees au Virginia Tech. Le «Composite Document Expert/extended/effective Retrieval» systeme (CODER) est developpe depuis 1985 pour tester l'utilisation de l'intelligence artificielle dans la recherche de l'information. Le «Retrieval Experiment-Virginia Tech On Line Catalog» (REVTOLC) permet de mesurer le service rendu a differents utilisateurs en fonction de differents besoins. Cinquante-trois participants ont ete repartis en 4 groupes d'utilisateurs pour mener a bien cette experimentation des systemes
Adjustment of worldwide refining capacity is not over yet (1987)

Refinery capacity expansion in OPEC countries is nearing completion, but more than 2 million b/d of additional distillation capacity is planned or firmly scheduled around the world by 1990. Recent profitability in refining operations postponed or eliminated capacity shutdowns that would likely have taken place last year had it not been for netbacking and processing deals. This combination means the worldwide refining industry may need to scrap capacity about as fast as it is added in the next four years if a healthy utilization rate is to be achieved. Some countries are adding capacity for domestic needs rather than export, but this still absorbs a share of demand growth.
Isolation and Properties of a Low Molecular Weight β2-Globulin Occurring in Human Biological Fluids (1968)

A low molecular weight β2-globulin (β2-microglobulin) has been purified from urine of patients with tubular proteinurias. The isolation procedure includes ultrafiltration, zone electrophoresis, gel chromatography, and ion exchange chromatography. The yield of purified protein was 11 to 13% of a total amount of 2.8 to 89 mg of β2-microglobulin per 24-hour urine volume. The β2-microglobulin occurs in small quantities in normal human urine, plasma, and cerebrospinal fluid. The purified protein appeared homogeneous in Ouchterlony immunodiffusion, immunoelectrophoresis, starch gel electrophoresis, and ultracentrifugation. The molecular weight found from equilibrium ultracentrifugation was 11,600. Amino acid analyses indicated the presence of 100 residues, giving a calculated molecular weight of 11,815. The protein appears to consist of a single polypeptide chain with 2 half-cystine residues involved in a disulfide bond. Isoleucine was identified as the NH2-terminal residue. The β2-microglobulin is devoid of carbohydrate.
Religion and Society in Tension (1966)

Journal Article Religion and Society in Tension. By Charles Y. Glock and Rodney Stark. Chicago: Rand McNally and Company, 1965. Pp. xii, 306. No price indicated Get access Richard Robbins Richard Robbins Hampton Institute Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Sociology of Religion, Volume 27, Issue 3, Fall 1966, Pages 173–175, https://doi.org/10.2307/3710391 Published: 01 October 1966
A method for correcting the depth-of-interaction blurring in PET cameras (1995)

A method is presented for correcting PET images for the blurring caused by variations in the depth-of-interaction in position-sensitive gamma ray detectors. The method uses an empirically determined, tabulated relationship between depth-of-interaction and most probable pulse-height to estimate the unknown depth from the measured pulse-height for each detected gamma ray. In the case of one fine-cut 50x50x30 mm BGO block detector, the method is shown to improve the detector resolution by 25%, averaged over the 50x50 mm face, measured in the geometry corresponding to detection at the edge of the field-of-view. Strengths and weaknesses of the method are discussed and its potential usefulness for improving the images of future PET cameras is assessed.
Superresolution for digital versatile discs (DVD’s) (2000)

We discuss an extension of our previous research that uses image-plane optical masks to achieve superresolution in confocal scanning microscopy to the coherent optics of digital versatile disc readers. The theory and the design of superresolving optics for such high-numerical-aperture scanning coherent imaging systems is presented. A superresolving optical reader would permit superdense optical data storage, giving an improvement over the equivalent conventional storage densities by at least a factor of 2.
Solvent-free liquid-phase synthesis of polyhydroquinoline derivatives under microwave irradiation (2007)

Polyhydroquinoline derivatives have been efficiently prepared on polyethylene glycol (PEG) via one-pot condensation of PEG-bound acetoacetate, 1,3-cyclohexanedione, ammonium acetate and the appropriate aromatic aldehyde in the presence of catalytic amounts of polyphosphoric acid by solvent-free microwave irradiation. The procedure provided the target compounds in excellent yield and purity with a facile work-up procedure.
The Encyclopedia of Taoism (2008)

The Encyclopedia of Taoism provides comprehensive coverage of Taoist religion, thought and history, reflecting the current state of Taoist scholarship. Taoist studies have progressed beyond any expectation in recent years. Researchers in a number of languages have investigated topics virtually unknown only a few years previously, while others have surveyed for the first time textual, doctrinal and ritual corpora. The Encyclopedia presents the full gamut of this new research. The work contains approximately 1,750 entries, which fall into the following broad categories: surveys of general topics; schools and traditions; persons; texts; terms; deities; immortals; temples and other sacred sites. Terms are given in their original characters, transliterated and translated. Entries are thoroughly cross-referenced and, in addition, 'see also' listings are given at the foot of many entries. Attached to each entry are references taking the reader to a master bibliography at the end of the work. There is chronology of Taoism and the whole is thoroughly indexed. There is no reference work comparable to the Encyclopedia of Taoism in scope and focus. Authored by an international body of experts, the Encyclopedia will be an essential addition to libraries serving students and scholars in the fields of religious studies, philosophy and religion, and Asian history and culture.
Interference coordination for the return link of a multibeam satellite system (2014)

Future internet demands are being increased dramatically year by year. Terrestrial systems are unable to satisfy these demands in all geographical areas and thus broadband access by satellite is a key service provision platform. Considering the traffic demands, the raw capacity should approach a Terabit/s by 2020 to meet these demands. The satellite communications network will be a star-based topology, where User Terminals (UT) from multiple beams communicate via central Gateway Earth Stations (GES). The return link from UT to satellite will use DVB-RCS2 Multi-Frequency Time Division Multiple Access (MF-TDMA) transmission scheme in Ka band (30GHz), while the return feeder link from satellite to GES in Q band (40 GHz). Due to generation of large number of narrow user beams, the interference starts becoming a limiting factor in the system's dimensioning. Herein, interference coordination schemes, borrowed from terrestrial cellular systems, are examined in terms of applicability and C/I performance. In addition, an algorithm for dynamic interference coordination is proposed to schedule the transmissions of the users in time-frequency domain of the return link, aiming to improve the C/I. The performance of these schemes and the proposed algorithm is assessed over a 302 user beams satellite system with practical antenna radiation patterns.
Role of matrix metalloproteinases in coronary artery disease. (2009)

Significant increase in MMP-8 and decrease in TIMP-2 during acute stage of AMI suggests MMP-8 and TIMP-2 are markers for vulnerable plaque independent of hsCRP for AMI. MMP-7 was found to be elevated in stable angina patients and was correlated with hsCRP at acute phase of AMI suggesting persistent at all stages of CAD.
Interval velocity estimation using iterative prestack depth migration in the constant angle domain (1993)

This article discusses a technique which a number of people at Amoco have been working on since the early 1980s. We begin by answering two questions: What is the constant angle domain? and Why would anyone want to use it? First, although the concept has been around for the better part of two decades, the term (constant angle) is not widely known (for example, it is not included in SEG’s Encyclopedic Dictionary of Exploration Geophysics) probably because seismic exploration has traditionally used a point source which generates rays in all directions. The constant angle technique, on the other hand, uses an extended source which produces a plane wave that has a single ray parameter along its entire length.
An integrative analysis of gene expression and molecular interaction data to identify dys-regulated sub-networks in inflammatory bowel disease (2016)

We show that the selected subnetworks include genes and pathways of known relevance for IBD; in particular, the solutions found highlight cross-talk among enriched pathways, mainly the JAK/STAT signalling pathway and the EGF receptor signalling pathway. In addition, integration of gene expression with molecular interaction data highlights nodes that, although not being differentially expressed, interact with differentially expressed nodes and are part of pathways that are relevant to IBD. The method proposed here may help identifying dys-regulated sub-networks that are common in different diseases and sub-networks whose dys-regulation is specific to a particular disease.