gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Equilibria and Structure of the Lanthanide(III)-2-hydroxy-1,3-diaminopropane-<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>‘,<i>N</i>‘-tetraacetate Complexes:  Formation of Alkoxo-Bridged Dimers in Solid State and Solution (2006)

The complex formed between 1,3-diamino-2-hydroxypropane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (H4L-OH) and Nd3+ at pH 7.5 was found to be a dinuclear dimer in the solid state by X-ray crystallography. In the complex K4[Nd2(L-O)2(H2O)2].14H2O each ligand is coordinated to both Nd3+ atoms with an iminodiacetate group (the Nd3+-Nd3+ distance is 3.9283(8) A). The alcoholic OH groups are deprotonated, and the alkoxo oxygens are coordinated to both Nd3+ in a bridging position. The Nd3+ ions are nine-coordinated with one water molecule per Nd(III) ion in the inner sphere. The complex K4[Nd2(L-O)2(H2O)2].14H2O has an inversion center, and the space group is P1. Two of the K+ counterions are six-coordinated, while the other two K+ ions are eight-coordinated; polar polymeric water-K+ layers are formed between the apolar ligand layers via the bridging water molecules. The dinuclear dimer complexes are also present in aqueous solution. The proton relaxivities of the Gd3+ complex decrease with the increase of pH, and at pH > 6, the low relaxivity values indicate the probable absence of H2O in the inner sphere and the predominance of the eight-coordinated dimer species [Gd2(L-O)2].4- The results of ESI-TOF MS studies of the complexes of La3+, Nd3+, and Lu3+ proved the formation of dinuclear dimers in dilute (0.25 mM) solutions. pH-potentiometric titrations indicate the formation of complexes with 1:1 (Ln(L-OH)-, Ln(HL-OH), and Ln2(L-O)24-) and 2:1 (Ln2(L-O)+) metal-to-ligand ratios. The stability constants of the Ln(L-OH)- species increase from La3+ (log K = 10.19) to Lu3+ (log K = 14.08). The alcoholic OH group of the Ln(L-OH)- species dissociates at unusually low pH values. The pH range of dissociation shifts to lower and lower pH's with the increasing atomic number of the lanthanides. This pH range is about 4-7 for the La3+ complex and 1-4 for the Lu3+ complex. The results of 1D and 2D 1H and 13C NMR studies of the La3+ complex, the number and multiplicity of signals, and the values of coupling constants are in agreement with the dinuclear dimer structure of the complex in solution.
Etude théorique des propriétés non-classiques de la lumière émise par des microcavités semiconductrices dans le régime de couplage fort (2007)

This manuscript is a theoretical study of the non-classical properties of the light emitted by the semiconductor microcavities in the strong coupling regime. In this respect, we have studied both single photon and twin photon sources based on polariton-polariton interactions. In a first part, we have demonstrated the possible realization of a sub-poissonian light source based on photon confined structures. For a small enough photonic dot embedded in a planar microcavity, one can reach a non-linear regime where the introduction of one single photon is sufficient to detune the resonance by more than a linewidth. This leads to the so-called polariton quantum blockade. In this regime, we have shown that it is possible to create a novel single photon source, presenting in detail its intrinsic properties. We have highlighted the various aspects of its performance, in the continous regime as well as in the pulsed regime. In the second part, we have studied the quantum correlations properties of ring-shaped parametric fluorescence from a planar microcavity excited by a symmetric two-pump excitation. Using a Wigner Quantum Monte Carlo algorithm, we have characterized the quantum correlations taking place between the signal and idler beams on the opposite sides of the ring. The results indicate that even in presence of multiple scattering, realistic losses and static disorder, the signal and idler beams maintain a significant amount of quantum correlations. The dependance of the quantum correlation on the pump intensity has been characterized across the parametric instability threshold, showing the regime here the non-classical features are maximized.
A novel anti-inflammatory peptide inhibits endothelial cell cytoskeletal rearrangement, nitric oxide synthase translocation, and paracellular permeability increases (1997)

The endothelial cell (EC) membrane-cytoskeletal interface in part maintains plasma membrane integrity and promotes cell-cell apposition. Nonmuscle filamin (ABP-280), an actin crosslinking protein, promotes orthogonal branching of F-actin and is the major protein that links the peripheral actin network to the plasma membrane through its C-terminal glycoprotein binding site. In response to bradykinin, filamin translocates from the cell periphery to the cytosol within 1 min. A synthetic peptide, corresponding to filamin's C-terminal calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II phosphorylation site (CaM peptide), prevents calcium-activated filamin translocation in permeabilized bovine pulmonary artery EC. The myristoylated permeable form of this peptide inhibits bradykinin-induced filamin translocation and F-actin rearrangement in cultured intact ECs. In addition, bradykinin-induced paracellular gap formation is significantly attenuated by CaM peptide, which suggests that the presence of a filamin-based peripheral F-actin network is essential for maintaining EC barrier function. Moreover, CaM peptide reduces wound-induced EC migration rate by 40%, which indicates that F-actin rearrangement is required for efficient cell motility. The CaM peptide affects other bradykinin-induced inflammatory responses. EC nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) translocates from the cell membrane to the nuclear fraction within 1-2 min of bradykinin treatment. Pretreatment with CaM peptide inhibits eNOS translocation. However, the peptide has no effect on bradykinin-induced von Willebrand Factor release. In summary, the CaM peptide exhibits several anti-inflammatory properties that include maintaining EC junctional stability and inhibiting eNOS translocation.
NbC-based cermets: influence of secondary carbide addition and metal binder (2018)

Full densification of Fe, Co and Ni bonded NbC based cermet’s was achieved by pressure less liquid phase sintering in vacuum for one hour at 1420°C. The hardness and toughness of the NbC matrix cermet’s can be mainly tailored by the binder composition and secondary carbide additions. Ni binder based NbC cermet’s allow the combination of high hardness and improved toughness. The addition of lesser amounts of VC/Cr3C2 in a NbC partially substituted WC-Co cemented carbide increased significantly the hardness in combination with a moderate fracture toughness.
A Study on the Motion Accuracy of NC Machine Tools (2nd Report) (1986)

Diagnosis of the motion error origins in NC machine tools has been studied by using double ball bar test. Motion errors of the machine is represented by error vector, and the relation between it and motion error loci obtained at double ball bar test was theoretically analyzed. Based upon this analysis characteristic patterns of loci were defined in individual motion error origin. Diagnoses is carried on by extracting these characteristic patterns from motion error loci which were measured by double ball bar test. This diagnostic method has been tried with a lot of NC machine tools. The results show that this method has sufficient accuracy and conveniency for machine shop use.
<i>Salmonella</i> Serovars and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns on a Sample of High Seroprevalence Pig Farms in England and Wales (2003–2008) (2011)

Following the introduction of a national abattoir-based monitoring programme for Salmonella in pigs, advisory visits were made to pig farms in England and Wales with high Salmonella seroprevalence assessed by muscle tissue fluid (meat juice) ELISA. Samples (n = 15 790), including pooled pen floor faeces (n = 12 136), were collected for Salmonella culture from 296 farms, between October 2003 and February 2008. Salmonella was isolated from 4489 (28%) of all samples collected, including 3301 (27%) of pooled pen floor faecal samples, from 270 (91%) of farms visited. Salmonella Typhimurium and S. Derby were the most prevalent serovars, representing 64% and 16% of isolates serotyped, respectively. The main phage types of S. Typhimurium identified were U288 and DT193. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) was seen in 92% of isolates tested, with the highest frequencies of resistance occurring to tetracyclines (T), sulphonamide compounds (SU), ampicillin (AM), sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SXT), streptomycin (S) and chloramphenicol (C). Fifty-nine AMR patterns were observed, the most frequent of these being T, AM, SXT, C, S, SU, seen in 35% of isolates tested. Multi-drug resistance was commonly found, with 67% of isolates submitted for AMR testing showing resistance to between four and nine antimicrobials.
Crystallization behavior of poly(.EPSILON.-caprolactone). (1998)

The bulk crystallization behaviors of poly (ε-caprolactone)-PCL have been studied by use of an optical microscope and differential scanning calorimetry. The crystallinity of PCL increased with a decrease in cooling rates during the cooling procedure from its melt; the feature was similar to the crystallization characteristics of polyolefin polymers in nonisothermal conditions. In isothermal crystallization, the linear growth rates of PCL spherulites were measured at various temperatures. The growth rate data obtained could be examined in terms of the kinetic theory of crystallization. Surface free energy of the PCL crystallite nucleus estimated from the kinetic data increased with increasing molecular weight. This implies that the fold surface of high molecular weight PCL crystallite would be covered with loose loop folds predominantly.
Providing Multiple Units of a Public Good Using Individualized Price Auctions: Experimental Evidence (2018)

We present experimental results on the provision of multiple units of a threshold public good using individualized price auctions (IPA). The IPA asks each individual to pay the same price for each unit provided. The individual’s price can be either one’s bid or one’s pivotal price on the marginal unit provided by the group. The public good is provided in a sequential manner leveraging the provision point mechanism. We also investigate two market clearing rules: the ascending-unit rule, where the auctioneer determines the provision outcome starting from the first unit, until no more units can be provided; and the descending-unit rule, where the auctioneer determines the provision outcome starting from the last available unit, and provides as many units as possible. Experimental results show that the IPA approaches can increase the realized social surplus compared to the traditional pay-your-bids approach by almost a third.
High-Pressure Supercritical Turbulent Cryogenic Injection and Combustion: A Single-Phase Flow Modeling Proposal (2009)

International audience
The CB1 receptor mediates the peripheral effects of ghrelin on AMPK activity but not on growth hormone release (2013)

This study aimed to investigate whether the growth hormone release and metabolic effects of ghrelin on AMPK activity of peripheral tissues are mediated by cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1) and the central nervous system. CB1-knockout (KO) and/or wild-type mice were injected peripherally or intracerebroventricularly with ghrelin and CB1 antagonist rimonabant to study tissue AMPK activity and gene expression (transcription factors SREBP1c, transmembrane protein FAS, enzyme PEPCK, and protein HSL). Growth hormone levels were studied both in vivo and in vitro. Peripherally administered ghrelin in liver, heart, and adipose tissue AMPK activity cannot be observed in CB1-KO or CB1 antagonist-treated mice. Intracerebroventricular ghrelin treatment can influence peripheral AMPK activity. This effect is abolished in CB1-KO mice and by intracerebroventricular rimonabant treatment, suggesting that central CB1 receptors also participate in the signaling pathway that mediates the effects of ghrelin on peripheral tissues. Interestingly, in vivo or in vitro growth hormone release is intact in response to ghrelin in CB1-KO animals. Our data suggest that the metabolic effects of ghrelin on AMPK in peripheral tissues are abolished by the lack of functional CB1 receptor via direct peripheral effect and partially through the central nervous system, thus supporting the existence of a possible ghrelin-cannabinoid-CB1-AMPK pathway.
Regulation of insulin signal transduction pathway by a small-molecule insulin receptor activator (2002)

Insulin regulates cellular metabolism and growth through activation of insulin receptors (IRs). We recently identified a non-peptide small-molecule IR activator (compound 2), which induced human IR tyrosine kinase activity in Chinese-hamster ovary cells expressing human IR [Qureshi, Ding, Li, Szalkowski, Biazzo-Ashnault, Xie, Saperstein, Brady, Huskey, Shen et al. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275, 36590-36595]. Oral treatment with this compound resulted in correction of hyperglycaemia, hypertriacylglycerolaemia and hyperinsulinaemia in several rodent models of diabetes. In the present study, we have found that this compound increased tyrosine phosphorylation of the IR beta-subunit and IR substrate 1 in primary rat adipocytes as well as induced phosphorylation of Akt, the 70 kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase and glycogen synthase-3 (deactivation) in Chinese-hamster ovary cells expressing human IR. Similar to insulin, compound 2 stimulated glucose uptake, glycogen synthesis and inhibited isoprenaline-stimulated lipolysis in adipocytes. A structurally related analogue (compound 3) was devoid of the above activities suggesting that the activity of compound 2 is specifically mediated by targeted IR activation. The effects of compound 2 on stimulation of glucose uptake, glycogen synthesis and inhibition of lipolysis were blocked by wortmannin, consistent with the involvement of a phosphoinositide 3-kinase-dependent pathway. In addition, compound 2, but not compound 3, exhibited additive or synergistic effects with sub-maximal concentrations of insulin in rat adipocytes. Thus the IR activator was capable of activating insulin-mediated signalling and metabolic pathways in primary adipocytes. These results demonstrate that IR activators have implications for the future development of new therapeutic approaches to Type I and Type II diabetes.
Heterogeneous Entrainer Selection for the Separation of Azeotropic and Close Boiling Temperature Mixtures by Heterogeneous Batch Distillation (2001)

The presence of azeotropes in multicomponent mixtures complicates the design of batch distillation separation processes widely used in pharmaceutical and speciality chemical industries. Most of those processes include the use of homogeneous entrainer to ease the separation. We describe novel methods to break azeotropes using an entrainer that is partially miscible with one of the initial binary mixture components. The core of the paper presents the rules for the selection of a heterogeneous entrainer leading to a feasible process for the separation of a minimum or maximum temperature azeotropic binary mixture or a close boiling binary mixture. Through several illustrating examples, we depict some of the advantages of heterogeneous batch distillation processes: more design alternatives for the separation of an azeotropic binary mixture than with homogeneous batch distillation, simplified distillation sequences as a consequence of fewer distillation tasks, crossing of batch distillation boundaries due to the reflux of either one or both of the decanter phases.
Anatomía del piso pélvico (2013)

El piso pélvico es una estructura de músculos, y tejido conectivo que entrega soporte y estructuras de suspensión a los órganos pélvicos y abdominales. Su principal componente es el músculo elevador del ano, un músculo que cubre la mayor parte de la pelvis. Los órganos pélvicos pueden dividirse en 3 compartimentos: anterior (vejiga y uretra), medio (útero y vagina, próstata y vesículas seminales) y posterior (recto, conducto anal y aparato esfinteriano). Estas estructuras se encuentran en íntima relación con la musculatura del piso pélvico, el cual tiene participación en las funciones de cada uno de éstos. Determinando no sólo un soporte mecánico sino además participando en la continencia urinaria y fecal. The pelvic floor is a muscle and conective tissue structure that gives support and suspensory structures to pelvic and abdominal organs. Its main component is levator ani muscle which covers most of the pelvic surface. Pelvic organs can be divided in three compartments: anterior (bladder and urethra), median (uterus and vagina, prostate and seminal vesicles) and posterior (rectum, anus and sphincter complex). These structures are intimately interelated with pelvic floor muscles which participate in their functions. Determinating not only mechanical support but participating in urinary and fecal continence.
In-situ imaging of articular cartilage of the first carpometacarpal joint using co-registered optical coherence tomography and computed tomography (2012)

Conventional imaging modalities are unable to depict the early degeneration of articular cartilage in osteoarthritis, especially in small joints. Optical coherence tomography has previously been used successfully in high-resolution imaging of cartilage tissue. This pilot cadaver study demonstrates the use of intra-articular optical coherence tomography in imaging of articular cartilage of the first carpometacarpal joint, producing high resolution images of the articular surface in which cartilage thickness and surface characteristics were assessed. Findings on optical coherence tomography were confirmed with histology. Furthermore, co-registration of optical coherence tomography and computed tomography was used to accurately determine the scanned trajectory and reconstruct a true-scale image overlay.
Classical and Molecular Methods to Measure Fecal Bacteria (2014)

This chapter provides an overview of classical and molecular methods to detect and enumerate fecal indicator bacteria (FIB). It summarizes general field sampling and laboratory considerations for using FIB methods, outlines the more common laboratory approaches to measure FIB, describes methods for certain key FIB, identifies standard methods, and summarizes some considerations for using FIB methods in particular situations or environments. The chapter is limited to providing an overview of some of the more common molecular approaches that have been used to detect FIB. Molecular methods such as Immunological methods, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), PCR and quantitative PCR (qPCR) are also discussed. Although these new molecular methods are likely to remain research tools for years to come, they open up great potential for developing new FIB methods to expand the water quality assessment toolbox in the future. Advances in molecular methods offer potential to enumerate both culturable and non-culturable cells of Escherichia coli. The enterococci are a subgroup of the fecal streptococci. Growth of Pfizer selective enterococcus (PSE) isolates in brain-heart infusion broth confirms presence of enterococci. When collecting water samples, a maximum holding time of 24 hours has been proposed for enumerating Clostridium perfringens. Uncultured organisms that are genetically similar to cultured Bacteroides have gained popularity as indicator bacteria.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS WITH INDOLE DERIVATIVES. XXXVII. STEREOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF POLYCYCLIC CYCLOPROPANE DERIVATIVES IN THE INDOLOQUINOLIZINE SERIES (1979)

Abstract Kondensation der ungesättigten Aldehyde (I) mit dem Bromdiester (II) ergibt die Cyclopropane (III); neben (IIIb) entsteht das Acetallacton (IV).
NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent HMGB1 release induced by a bacterial pore-forming toxin (136.15) (2010)

Abstract The NLRP3 inflammasome is a caspase-1-containing complex involved in the maturation of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. NLRP3, independent of its inflammasome functions, also plays a role in a cathepsin B-dependent, caspase-1-independent necrotic cell death process known as pyronecrosis. We have previously shown that the cholesterol-dependent, pore-forming toxin tetanolysin O (TLO) triggers IL-1β release from LPS-primed murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) in a NLRP3 inflammasome- and cathepsin B-dependent manner. The work contained herein supports an additional role for TLO in the necrosis of LPS-primed BMDM. Both a low and a high TLO dose induce release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and this release is NLRP3-dependent for the low toxin dose. Low dose TLO-induced HMGB1 release is also dependent on the activities of caspase-1 and cathepsin B, suggesting a novel form of cell death that is distinct from caspase-1-independent pyronecrosis. We also observe via fixed cell microscopy that TLO causes HMGB1 to move from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in LPS-primed BMDM and that HMGB1 release is dependent on NLRP3 activity. To our knowledge, this is the first study to visualize HMGB1 localization in cells lacking NLRP3. These results provide information on the regulation of HMGB1 release and could eventually lead to new therapeutic approaches to target HMGB1, which contributes to many inflammatory diseases.
Left Ventricular Apex Ablation Decreases the Upper Limit of Vulnerability (2000)

Subendocardial ablation at the apical LV markedly decreases ULV(50), which suggests that the activation originating from this postshock early site is responsible for VF initiation and that interventions to electrically silence this site can influence the outcome of VF induction by ULV shocks.
ChemInform Abstract: TRIFLUORMETHYLHYDROPEROXID, EIGENSCHAFTEN UND RK. MIT SAEUREFLUORIDEN (1971)

Abstract Die Titelverbindung (I) wird nach bekannten Methoden dargestellt und anhand der IR‐ und NMR‐Daten charakterisiert.
Incorporation of Alumina Particles with Different Shapes and Sizes into Molten Aluminum Alloy by Melt Stirring with Ultrasonic Vibration (1997)

This paper presents the influence of particle shapes and sizes on the incorporation of Al2O3 particles into molten Al-5 mass%Mg alloy by melt stirring with ultrasonic vibration. A new theoretical model of particle transfer into molten metal dealing with different shapes is proposed to estimate the difficulty in incorporation of spherical and massive particles. In the model, the particles are assumed to be spheroids with different major and minor axes. The difficulty depends on the maximum acceleration which originates from the interfacial tension: the incorporation of Al2O3 particles into molten Al–Mg alloy becomes more difficult with the negative maximum acceleration increased. Four kinds of preheated Al2O3 particles were added to a molten Al-5 mass%Mg alloy surface and stirred with ultrasonic vibration at 1023 K in a nitrogen atmosphere. The volume fraction of incorporated particles is related to the calculated maximum acceleration; that is, it is experimentally found to decrease as the negative maximum acceleration increased. According to the proposed model, the ultrasonic vibration makes the apparent contact angle of the Al2O3 particle and the molten Al–Mg alloy improve from 1.78 to 0.87 rad. Gas defects, which are known to be a serious problem in metal matrix composites (MMC) produced by melt stirring, disappear in MMC samples formed with ultrasonic vibration. Moreover, the rotating torque for melt stirring decreases by applying ultrasonic vibration, because of the decomposition of agglomerate particles. Hence, the application of ultrasonic vibration to melt stirring is a novel candidate method of MMC production.