gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Migration-induced field-stabilized polar phase in strontium titanate single crystals at room temperature (2013)

Local reversible structural changes in ${\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}$ single crystals in an external electric field are induced by oxygen redistribution. We present in situ x-ray diffraction measurements during and immediately after electroformation. Several reflections are monitored and show an elongation of the cubic unit cell of strontium titanate. Raman investigations verify that the expansion of the unit cell involves a transition from the centrosymmetric to a lower symmetry phase. During a complete formation cycle, including the hold time of the electric field and relaxation time without field, two different dynamics are observed for the reversible transitions from cubic symmetry to tetragonal distortion: a slow one during the increase of the lattice constant in field direction and a fast one after switching off the electric field. Based on the experimental data, we propose the formation of a polar strontium titanate unit cell at room temperature stabilized by the electric field, which is referred to as migration-induced field-stabilized polar phase.
Redox-sensitive TP53INP1 SUMOylation as an oxidative stress sensor to activate TP53 (2014)

Oxidative stress-induced sumoylation of TP53INP1 (tumor protein p53-induced nuclear protein 1) is essential to enhance the TP53 response. Sumoylation of TP53INP1 on the K113 residue, which is mediated by protein inhibitor of activated STAT 3 (PIAS3) and chromobox homolog 4 (CBX4) and removed by SUMO1/sentrin specific peptidase (SENP1, 2 and 6), favors its interaction with TP53 in the nucleus and enhances TP53-induced gene expression.
Frequency dependence on the accuracy of electrical impedance spectroscopy measurements in microfluidic devices (2009)

This communication presents the dependence on frequency of the accuracy of electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements in microfluidic devices. For this study, a very simple microfluidic device was used, with a hydrophilic microfluidic channel in which two parallel electrodes were patterned. Glass was the preferred substrate material for the fabrication of this microfluidic device, mainly due to its excellent dielectric properties even at relatively high frequencies. The testing was performed in air, and with DI water, ethanol and solutions of silica beads suspended in ethanol. The results show that the accuracy of the measurement increases with the frequency. The variation of the average of standard deviation error was between 13% at 10 kHz and less than 1% at 100 MHz. This clearly indicates that a high frequency range must be considered for further studies using electrical impedance spectroscopy in microfluidic devices.
地上梅雨前線の南方の九州における 線状降水帯の集団の維持について （2001年6月19日頃の事例解析） (2012)

A case study on persistent appearance of the ensemble of precipitation bands in the warm sector of the Baiu front in Kyushu District, the western part of Japan around 19 June 2001 was performed based on the operational observational data. Around 00UTC (09JST) 19 June when the Baiu front on the surface weather map was still located about a few 100kms to the north of Kyushu, the number and the total area of the meso-β or γ-scale line-shaped precipitation bands increased around Kyushu rapidly. These precipitation bands had been sustained there and gradually gathered each other to change into the Baiu frontal precipitation zone extending from the northern Kyushu to Seto-Naikai (Seto Inland Sea) around 09UTC (18JST) 19 June (the intense rainfall zone was still located in the warm sector of the Baiu front). Until ~09UTC (18JST) 19 June, the moist air flow with the latently unstable stratification had been sustained around Kyushu corresponding to the low-level southerly wind toward the surface Baiu front to the north of Kyushu. This large-scale situation would contribute greatly to the maintenance of the ensemble of the line-shaped precipitation bands in the warm sector of the Baiu front.
SURF: rubber-band routing system for multichip modules (1993)

Current PCB (printed circuit board)-based routing tools cannot meet the performance and cost constraints presented by today's packaging technologies, including thin-film multichip modules. The authors describe SURF, a routing system designed specifically to meet these challenges. The strength of the SURF system comes from its extremely flexible rubber-band data representation. The rubber-band model is an ideal framework for performance-driven and cost-driven routing and naturally supports rectilinear, octilinear, and all-angle wiring patterns: one-and-a-half-layer routing; even wiring distribution; and powerful manual editing. The integrated spoke-based design-rule-checking/enforcement mechanism supports an incremental design style. As objects are moved or wires are resized, the wires are adjusted incrementally so that they maintain the same wiring topology. By working in the topological domain instead of the geometrical one, the designer can focus on higher-level design issues while the tool handles the precise geometrical details.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Evidence for an endogenous ATPase inhibitor protein in plant mitochondria (1990)

An endogenous ATPase inhibitor protein has been identified and isolated for the first time from plant mitochondria. The inhibitor protein was isolated from potato (Solanum tuberosum) tuber mitochondria and purified to homogeneity. The isolated inhibitor is a heat-stable, trypsin-sensitive, basic protein, with a molecular mass approximately 8.3 kDa. Amino acid analysis reveals a high content of glutamic acid, lysine and arginine and the absence of proline; threonine and leucine. The interaction of the inhibitor with F1-ATPase requires the presence of Mg2(+)-ATP in the incubation medium. The ATPase activity of isolated F1 is inhibited to 50% in the presence of 14 micrograms inhibitor/mg F1. A stoichiometry of 1.3 mol inhibitor/mol F1 for complete inhibition can be calculated from this value. The potato ATPase inhibitor is also a potent inhibitor of the ATPase activity of the isolated yeast F1. The inhibitor resembles the ATPase inhibitors of yeast and mammalian mitochondria, and does not seem to be related to the inhibitory peptide, epsilon subunit, of chloroplast ATPase.
Probabilistic Error Free Design of Long Fixed-Point Polynomial FIR Predictors (2006)

In this paper, a method for designing long fixed-point polynomial FIR predictors (FPFPs) is proposed. Our method yields filters that perform exact prediction even with short coefficient word lengths. Under ordinary coefficient quantization, prediction capabilities degrade, or may be totally lost. Here, the filters are designed so that the prediction properties are exactly preserved in fixed-point implementations. The algorithm is derived for second degree polynomial prediction using any filter length and integer prediction step. Also some non-integer prediction steps are possible.
The Clinical Effectiveness of Oren-gedoku-to in the Treatment of Schizophrenia. (1997)

発病または急性増悪により入院し, 4～12週間のハロペリドールを中心とした抗精神病薬の治療により活動期症状が改善し, 精神症状が安定した後に抗精神病薬の投与量が最低2週間以上固定された精神分裂病圏の患者10名に対し, 黄連解毒湯を4週間追加投与した。黄連解毒湯の追加投与直前, 投与終了時, 投与終了4週後にそれぞれ Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) を用いて症状評価を行なった結果, BPRS 総得点は, 黄連解毒湯の追加投与直前と比較して投与終了時, 投与終了4週後ともに有意に減少した。症状別では,「罪業感」,「抑うつ気分」,「疑惑 (被害妄想)」,「興奮」に有意な改善がみられた。さらに, 血中ハロペリドール濃度には変化がみられなかったことより, 精神症状の改善がハロペリドールの血中濃度の変化によるものではないということが示唆された。また, 副作用はみられなかった。
Boundary control of quasi-linear hyperbolic initial boundary-value problems (2004)

This thesis presents different control design approaches for stabilizing networks of quasi-linear hyperbolic partial differential equations. These equations are usually conservative which gives them interesting properties to design stabilizing control laws. Two main design approaches are developed: a methodology based on entropies and Lyapunov functions and a methodology based on the Riemann invariants. The stability theorems are illustrated using numerical simulations.\nTwo practical applications of these methodologies are presented. Netword of navigation channels are modelled using Saint-Venant equations (also known as the Shallow Water Equations). The stabilization problem of such system has an industrial importance in order to satisfy the navigation constraints and to optimize the production of electricity in hydroelectric plants, usually located at each hydraulic gates. A second application deals with the regulation of water waves in moving tanks. This problem is also modelled by a modified version of the shallow water equations and appears in a number of industrial fields which deal with liquid moving parts.
Intra-operative measurement of vertebral bone strength. (2002)

A significant complication of surgical correction of the deformed spine is pull out of the vertebral hooks or screws. This complication can be partly attributed to poor bone stock. Currently, there are few methods available for surgeons to assess the mechanical strength and stiffness of the vertebra, and even fewer methods that provide in-vivo measurements. An "upbiter" is often used to form a seat in the lamina for the hook. A typical upbiter was modified and instrumented with strain gauges to investigate the feasibility of determining the forces and displacements needed to cut through laminar bone during surgical procedures. The calibration showed that the system was repeatable and could highly correlated with applied force (R2=0.98) and displacement (R2=0.99) with resolutions of 0.72 N and 0.40 mm respectively. This system was tested on three females, on lamina ranging from T4 to T12 regions. The average maximum force for bone failure was at 470+/-128N.
Uric Acid in Advanced Renal Failure (1972)

1. The results of studies of renal uric acid excretion in eleven patients with advanced chronic renal failure are presented. 2. The pyrazinamide suppression test was used to separate secretion from reabsorption of uric acid in the renal tubule. 3. There is a marked increase in the excretion and clearance of uric acid as renal function deteriorates. This was due to a striking increase in tubular secretion of urate and to incomplete reabsorption of filtered urate. 4. The remarkable functional capacity of the remaining nephrons of the chronically diseased kidney with respect to uric acid transport might be due to a uricosuric factor in uraemic serum.
The Secretary's responsibilities and understandings related to the areas of economics and business administration / (1953)

This investigation waB concerned with clarification of the secre tarial occupation through a study of the responsibilities assumed
Requirements on engineering tools for increasing reuse in industrial automation (2011)

Motivated by increasing demands for efficiency, reuse approaches have been increasingly gaining significance during the last years. System engineering shifted from single systems to product lines. Although the engineering paradigm changed, industrial automation systems within a product line are created with the same engineering tools as single systems. Hence, it becomes relevant to analyze which requirements engineering tools shall fulfill in order to increase reuse within a product line of industrial automation systems. The identified requirements are interesting for the following reasons: first, they are relevant for developers of engineering tools, since they aim to provide competitive products. Second, they are relevant for developers of industrial automation systems, since they reuse existing artifacts in designing new industrial automation systems with the help of engineering tools. Third, the topic is interesting for researchers and practitioners in the field of product line engineering for industrial automation systems who want to know which aspects are already supported by current engineering tools.
ACOUSTICAL VALVE LEAK DETECTOR FOR FLUID SYSTEM MAINTENANCE (1979)

ABSTRACT A portable, passive, non‐destructive, non‐intrusive instrument is currently in use by the U.S. Navy to detect fluid leakage through shipboard steam, water, hydraulic, and high‐pressure air valves. The Acoustic Valve Leak Detector (AVLD) was developed by the David W. Taylor Naval Ship RID Center (DTNSRDC) under the financial sponsorship and technical direction of the Nuclear Powered Fleet Ballistic Missile Submarine (SSBN) Ship Systems Maintenance Monitoring and Support Office (SMMSO) of the Naval Ship Engineering Center. The instrument is used to identify more precisely internal leakage points which may require opening and visual inspection of Submarine piping system. “Open‐and‐inspect” routines generate both risk of system damage and high man‐hour expenditure. The degree to which such procedures are necessary to achieve confidence in the material condition of systems is dependent on the availability and performance of non‐intrusive test equipment which can detect and assess the nature and degree of malfunctions. The development, design, operations, limitations, and successful applications of the existing AVLD are described. The AVLD is currently being used for troubleshooting, for overhaul planning, and in a systematic preventive maintenance program for seawater valves. Plans for future development and progress achieved in current work are described. The AVLD listens for the ultrasonic acoustic emissions characteristic of internal valve leakage and uses transducers attached temporarily to the valve or adjacent piping. The background spectra of structureborne noise can be subtracted automatically by the AVLD when a second transducer is attached to the piping system at a point far enough away from the valve in question that it picks up no leakage noise. Since the transducers are attached to the outside of the valves, the time and expense of dismantling the valves or of removing them from the systems are avoided.
Autoinduction of the <i>ompR</i> response regulator by acid shock and control of the <i>Salmonella enterica</i> acid tolerance response (2002)

Summary Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium periodically experiences acid stress in a variety of host and non‐host environments. An encounter with non‐lethal acid stress (pH > 4) induces an assortment of physiological changes, called the acid tolerance response (ATR), that helps the cell to tolerate extreme low pH (pH 3). These physiological changes differ in log phase and stationary phase cells and are controlled by different regulatory proteins. OmpR is an acid‐induced response regulator critical to the stationary phase ATR but not to the log phase ATR. As OmpR also controls the expression of the acid‐induced viru‐lence operon ssrAB , acid shock induction of ompR was examined to gain insight into how Salmonella links virulence with survival at extreme acid pH. The results indicate that acid pH induces ompR from a promoter different from that used for basal expression. Transcription from this promoter is repressed by the histone‐like protein H‐NS and requires OmpR‐P for induction. The classic sensor kinase EnvZ and acetyl phosphate collaborate to produce the optimum level of OmpR‐P needed for autoinduction. Although OmpR‐P is required for acid‐induced expression of ompR in wild‐type cells, OmpR is not needed for ompR transcription in the absence of H‐NS. Thus, the role of OmpR‐P in autoinduction is to help to counteract repression by H‐NS. This evidence, combined with the finding that relaxing DNA supercoiling with novobiocin also increased ompR transcription, suggests that acid stress induces ompR by altering local DNA topology, not by changing the phosphorylation status of OmpR.
Antioxidant Capacity and Other Bioactivities of the Freeze-Dried Amazonian Palm Berry,<i>Euterpe oleraceae</i>Mart. (Acai) (2006)

The fruit of Euterpe oleraceae, commonly known as acai, has been demonstrated to exhibit significantly high antioxidant capacity in vitro, especially for superoxide and peroxyl scavenging, and, therefore, may have possible health benefits. In this study, the antioxidant capacities of freeze-dried acai fruit pulp/skin powder (OptiAcai) were evaluated by different assays with various free radical sources. It was found to have exceptional activity against superoxide in the superoxide scavenging (SOD) assay, the highest of any food reported to date against the peroxyl radical as measured by the oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay with fluorescein as the fluorescent probe (ORACFL), and mild activity against both the peroxynitrite and hydroxyl radical by the peroxynitrite averting capacity (NORAC) and hydroxyl radical averting capacity (HORAC) assays, respectively. The SOD of acai was 1614 units/g, an extremely high scavenging capacity for O2*-, by far the highest of any fruit or vegetable tested to date. Total phenolics were also tested as comparison. In the total antioxidant (TAO) assay, antioxidants in acai were differentiated into "slow-acting" and "fast-acting" components. An assay measuring inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation in freshly purified human neutrophils showed that antioxidants in acai are able to enter human cells in a fully functional form and to perform an oxygen quenching function at very low doses. Furthermore, other bioactivities related to anti-inflammation and immune functions were also investigated. Acai was found to be a potential cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 inhibitor. It also showed a weak effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide but no effect on either lymphocyte proliferation and phagocytic capacity.
Large Eddy Simulation for Jets from Chevron and Dual Flow Nozzles (2011)

Large eddy simulations based on high-order finite d ifference schemes have been carried out for jet flows from a NASA ARN2 circular and a SMC001 chevron nozzle at acoustic Mach 0.9. Simulations have also been carried out fo r a bypass ratio 5 dual-flow nozzle at a typical take-off condition. Implicit LES approach i s applied, wherein high-order numerical filters are used in place of SGS models. Far field noise spectra are computed from near field flow solutions with the use of the FWH method. Numerical experiments are conducted to explore the sensitivity of the predicted flow and a coustic field to grid size. Good agreement with experiment data is achieved for both flow and acoustic predictions at moderate grid sizes. It is shown that the first-principles based implicit LES approach can capture the effect of chevron geometry on the far-field acoustics. The predicted noise reduction trend is in good agreement with the experimental data. The LES approach has also been demonstrated for a dual flow realistic engine configuration
Monitoring Gonadotrophin Therapy by Real-Time Ultrasonic Scanning of Ovarian Follicles (1982)

Real-time ultrasound scanning of ovarian follicles was performed during 61 cycles in 22 infertile patients being treated with sequential injections of human menopausal gonadotrophin (hMG) and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG). Total 24-hour urinary estrogens were estimated (and in 13 cycles plasma estradiol), but the amount of gonadotrophin given was based mainly on the ultrasound findings. A retrospective analysis of the results showed that there was a poor statistical correlation between the diameter of the largest follicle and the total urinary oestrogens (r = 0.39) and with the level of plasma estradiol (r = 0.56), although similar clinical information was obtained by all methods. Ovulation was induced in 58 cycles when the leading follicle had a mean diameter of 20–25 mm (mean, 21.3 mm); follicular rupture was observed in 57 cycles and in these cases there was biochemical evidence of luteinization (plasma progesterone > 15 nmol/liter; total urinary pregnanediol >8 μmol/ 24 hours). Three patients (three cycles) were not given hCG; one developed micropolycystic ovaries and two showed evidence of hyperstimulation (one follicle > 25 mm diameter, three or more follicles 20–25 mm diameter). Twelve patients became pregnant, all with single fetuses. Subsequently, one aborted, one had an ectopic pregnancy, three gave birth to normal babies at term, and seven pregnancies are continuing. Real-time ultrasound scanning of ovarian follicles is a simple, practical method for monitoring follicular growth during the administration of hMG and predicting the response to hCG.
Structural and electric properties of AlN substrates used for LED Heterostructures’ growth (2011)

The structural characteristics and electrical properties of bulk aluminum nitride crystals grown by sublimation and used as substrates for light emitting diode (LED) structures and AlGaN/GaN field effect transistors were studied. The crystalline perfection was assessed by selective chemical etching and by X-ray diffraction techniques. Electrical and optical properties were investigated using the temperature dependence of conductivity, admittance spectroscopy, high-temperature/low-frequency capacitance voltage measurements and by photoinduced transient current spectroscopy (PICTS), microcathodoluminescence (MCL) spectra and MCL imaging techniques. It was established that the studied samples were single crystals with a large grain substructure, with characteristic grain size of several hundred microns and a dislocation density of 102–104 cm−2 inside the grains. The electrical characteristics of the crystals were governed by the compensation of residual donors with a level near E c—0.3 eV by deep centers with activation energy of 0.7 eV, both centers manifesting themselves in the temperature dependence of conductivity and in admittance spectra. In addition, deep centers responsible for the luminescence band with the peak energy of 3.3 eV and associated with low-angle grain boundaries were also observed.
BER performance of CMA adaptive array for a GMSK/TDMA system-a description of measurements in central Tokyo (2003)

The bit-error-rate (BER) performance of a constant modulus algorithm adaptive array for a Gaussian-filtered minimum shift keying/time division multiple access (GMSK/TDMA) system is described. The measurement was carried out in central and suburban Tokyo. The system uses a modulation data rate of 256 kb/s. In order to reduce the effect of multipath fading, an adaptive array of four antenna elements is implemented using a digital beam forming concept. The improvement in input power, compared with that of a single antenna system, reaches 16 dB in suburban Tokyo and 19 to 23 dB in central Tokyo at a BER of 1.0*10/sup -2/. Moreover, in central Tokyo, the irreducible error seen in the single antenna system is removed by the adaptive array.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>