gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Finite Element Simulation to the Change of Ultrasonic Spectral Feature in Ultrasonic Testing (2008)

Based on the simulation of ultrasonic propagation in solid and spectral analysis,we study the mechanism of NDT by numerical simulation.A two-dimensional finite element model has been developed by the principle of finite element method which is very perfect,the model which has three typical defects of different sizes:crack,traverse square cavity and traverse cylindrical cavity were studied by simulation.We obtain the different characteristics and sensitivity frequency in frequency domain and the signal has been analyzed and intercepted from the A-scan curves from the defect and the back wall echo.The results can recognize different defects which are simulated in this paper and the simulation results of FEM are useful for the application.
The application of ecological thinking to better understand the needs of communities of older people (2011)

This framework for the ecology of resident well-being developed through this research informs an ecological approach to service providers' planning to promote the health and well-being of residents of communities of older people.
Physiologic effects of tissue oxygenation on wound healing. (1989)

Researchers have documented the importance of oxygen as a substrate during tissue healing. Development of knowledge in this area is primarily based on studies conducted in animals with limited studies of tissue oxygen tensions in human beings. However, investigators have consistently shown that a sufficient oxygen supply to tissue is critical to the healing process and the avoidance of wound infection. Research in the area of tissue oxygenation and wound healing is reviewed and implications for nursing practice and research are proposed. Studies that will address the effect of clinical interventions on physiologic processes, such as oxygen delivery to healing tissues, are needed to expand the scientific foundation for nursing practice.
Liquid-phase oxidation of n-dodecane in the presence of boron compounds (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLiquid-phase oxidation of n-dodecane in the presence of boron compoundsMousa J. Ijam and Mohammed A. H. HassanCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1981, 20, 2, 315–319Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i300002a016https://doi.org/10.1021/i300002a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views63Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Many-Body Localization in Periodically Driven Systems (2015)

We consider disordered many-body systems with periodic time-dependent Hamiltonians in one spatial dimension. By studying the properties of the Floquet eigenstates, we identify two distinct phases: (i) a many-body localized (MBL) phase, in which almost all eigenstates have area-law entanglement entropy, and the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) is violated, and (ii) a delocalized phase, in which eigenstates have volume-law entanglement and obey the ETH. The MBL phase exhibits logarithmic in time growth of entanglement entropy when the system is initially prepared in a product state, which distinguishes it from the delocalized phase. We propose an effective model of the MBL phase in terms of an extensive number of emergent local integrals of motion, which naturally explains the spectral and dynamical properties of this phase. Numerical data, obtained by exact diagonalization and time-evolving block decimation methods, suggest a direct transition between the two phases.
Teaching UV–Vis Spectroscopy with a 3D-Printable Smartphone Spectrophotometer (2015)

Visible absorbance spectroscopy is a widely used tool in chemical, biochemical, and medical laboratories. The theory and methods of absorbance spectroscopy are typically introduced in upper division undergraduate chemistry courses, but could be introduced earlier with the right curriculum and instrumentation. A major challenge in teaching spectroscopy is gaining access to laboratory equipment, which can be expensive. Even common educational spectrophotometers still carry a substantial cost and have the disadvantage of being inherently closed designs. We report on a 3D-printable smartphone spectrophotometer that is very inexpensive to build, yet retains the functionality and analytical accuracy necessary to teach concepts like the Beer–Lambert Law. The optical components are arranged in an intuitive, accessible way so that students can see each relevant part and experiment with the parameters. Here, we describe the device and provide exercises to teach different concepts in analytical spectrophotometry.
Systemic delivery of a recombinant protein by genetically modified mesothelial cells reseeded on the parietal peritoneal surface. (1995)

To evaluate the ability of genetically modified peritoneal mesothelial cells to deliver recombinant proteins to the systemic circulation, we used our previously described mesothelial cell-based ex vivo gene therapy strategy. Rat primary peritoneal mesothelial cells, isolated from parietal peritoneum by enzymatic digestion, were stably transfected (using strontium phosphate DNA co-precipitation) with the plasmid pSVTKgh to express a secreted reporter gene product, human growth hormone (hgh). Such hgh-secreting mesothelial cells were reseeded on the denuded peritoneal surface of syngeneic recipients and delivery of the reporter gene product to the systemic circulation was monitored by analysis of serum samples for the presence of hgh at various times after mesothelial cell implantation. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis demonstrated that the hgh-transfected mesothelial cells repopulated the denuded areas and remained attached there for at least 12 weeks. Moreover, these genetically modified mesothelial cells continued to express the reporter gene product in vivo and secreted hgh in sufficient quantity to be detected in the systemic circulation (ie statistically significant amounts of hgh could be measured in the serum of cyclosporine A-treated rats for at least 2 months; Mann-Whitney test, P < 0.05). Our results demonstrate the successful, sustained, systemic delivery of a recombinant protein by genetically modified peritoneal mesothelial cells following their reattachment to the peritoneal surface, and suggest the potential of ex vivo mesothelial cell-mediated gene therapy for the treatment of inherited or acquired disorders requiring delivery of therapeutic proteins to the circulation.
Radical Life Extension (2014)

Radical life extension is the direct and intentional extension of the maximum human life span through hypothetical biotechnologies. Although no such technologies do currently exist, it is imperative to analyze whether they should be developed because they could have considerable e fects on individuals and societal structures. This book provides a comprehensive ethical analysis of radical life extension by investigating its possible in uence on human welfare. E fects resulting from the actions of isolated individuals, such as the satisfaction or frustration of certain desires, are taken into account as well as collective e fects, such as an increased trend towards overpopulation. Topics that are not directly related to human welfare are covered as well, for example, human nature and human dignity, the right to life, and the relationship between aging and the meaning of life. The book concludes with an outline of policy recommendations for future research on life extension technologies.
Irradiation of the surgeon during pinning of femoral fractures (1980)

The intensity of scattered radiation in both a forward and a backward direction from a portable fluoroscope during pinning of the neck of the femur was measured by experiments on a cadaver. The intensity decreased rapidly with increasing distance from the flare of the greater trochanter. Hazard to the surgeon's hands from scattered radiation can be greatly reduced by positioning the C-arm of the fluoroscope so that the x-ray beam is directed laterally.
Recursive approach to the moment-based phase unwrapping method (2010)

The moment-based phase unwrapping algorithm approximates the phase map as a product of Gegenbauer polynomials, but the weight function for the Gegenbauer polynomials generates artificial singularities along the edge of the phase map. A method is presented to remove the singularities inherent to the moment-based phase unwrapping algorithm by approximating the phase map as a product of two one-dimensional Legendre polynomials and applying a recursive property of derivatives of Legendre polynomials. The proposed phase unwrapping algorithm is tested on simulated and experimental data sets. The results are then compared to those of PRELUDE 2D, a widely used phase unwrapping algorithm, and a Chebyshev-polynomial-based phase unwrapping algorithm. It was found that the proposed phase unwrapping algorithm provides results that are comparable to those obtained by using PRELUDE 2D and the Chebyshev phase unwrapping algorithm.
Significance of coherent Rayleigh noise in fibre-optic distributed temperature sensing based on spontaneous Brillouin scattering (2006)

The temperature resolution of a fibre-optic distributed temperature sensor based on taking the ratio of the temperature sensitive backscattered spontaneous Brillouin signal to the corresponding Rayleigh signal depends on the optical signal-to-noise of the receiver system and the amplitude fluctuations in the Rayleigh signal. The amplitude fluctuations or coherent Rayleigh noise have been investigated experimentally as a function of detection bandwidth, source bandwidth and spatial resolution and showed good agreement with theory.
Enhancing the gain of a HMSIW Based Semicircular Antenna using Antenna-FSS Composite Structure (2019)

In the following paper, we have designed a Half Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide (HMSIW) based Semi-Circular Patch Antenna to operate at 6.5GHz wireless frequency. The parent antenna is such designed that it has an array of metallic vias along the circumference to make the edges behave as Perfect Electrical Conductor (PEC) walls while the radiation occurs from the radial side which acts as a Perfect Magnetic Conductor (PMC) wall because it is devoid of such metallic vias. The antenna exhibits a gain of 6.2dBi with linear polarization. Its gain is increased using polarization independent Frequency Selective surface (FSS) as superstrate which is fabricated using Arlon AD270 substrate. The gain is found to increase from 6.2dBi to 8.2dBi at the same 6.5 GHz resonating frequency.
[Effect of atorvastatin therapy on the level of secretory phospholipase A2 group IIA and on the modification of low density lipoproteins in patients with ischemic heart disease]. (2007)

We studied effect of atorvastatin on secretory phospholipase A2 group IIA (sPLA2-IIA) in blood serum of patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD), lipid composition of low density lipoproteins (LDL) and process of modification of LDL induced by sPLA2-IIA in 20 patients taking 20 mg/day of atorvastatin for 3 months. In patients with initially high level of sPLA2-IIA ( > 8 mcg/l) its concentration significantly decreased. Amount of total cholesterol, triglyceride, lecithin, and lysolecithin remained unchanged, however in equimolar relations there occurred decrease of amount of total cholesterol and increase of cholesterol esters. At incubation of LDL, extracted from patient s plasma before initiation of the study, with human sPLA2-IIA from cardiac myxoma, 3.5 nmol of lysolecithin per 1 mg of LDL protein was formed while at incubation of LDL of same patients, extracted after 3 months of atorvastatin administration, amount of lysolecithin was 1.54 nmol/mg LDL protein. Thus atorvastatin therapy causes lowering of sPLA2-IIA in patients with initially high blood level of the enzyme and to a great extent precludes sPLA2-IIA induced LDL modification.
Synthesis and Characterization of APG-12 (2014)

APG-12 was synthesized from n-dodecyl alcohol and glucose in catalysis system of p-Toluenesulfonic and phosphoric acid. Using the method of direct glycosidation, this paper discusses the impact of raw material ratio, catalyst dosage and reaction temperature on the synthesis. It is concluded that the synthesis of APG-12 best reaction process condition is the molar ratio of alcohol and glucose 7:1; the reaction temperature is 115℃ and the amount of catalyst is 1.3%, controlling the reaction pressure in 3 - 4 kPa. The resulting products are analyzed by infrared spectroscopy.
In vitro study of directly bioprinted perfusable vasculature conduits (2014)

The ability to create three dimensional (3D) thick tissues is still a major tissue engineering challenge. It requires the development of a suitable vascular supply for an efficient media exchange. An integrated vasculature network is particularly needed when building thick functional tissues and/or organs with high metabolic activities, such as the heart, liver and pancreas. In this work, human umbilical vein smooth muscle cells (HUVSMCs) were encapsulated in sodium alginate and printed in the form of vasculature conduits using a coaxial deposition system. Detailed investigations were performed to understand the dehydration, swelling and degradation characteristics of printed conduits. In addition, because perfusional, permeable and mechanical properties are unique characteristics of natural blood vessels, for printed conduits these properties were also explored in this work. The results show that cells encapsulated in conduits had good proliferation activities and that their viability increased during prolonged in vitro culture. Deposition of smooth muscle matrix and collagen was observed around the peripheral and luminal surface in long-term cultured cellular vascular conduit through histology studies.
Catalytic Oxidation of Aqueous Hydrogen Sulfide in the Presence of Sulfite (1985)

Nickel sulfate catalyzes the reaction of hydrogen sulfide with oxygen in aqueous solution. This reaction was studied, and an empirical rate expression and a reaction mechanism were deduced. The rate of oxidation is independent of oxygen concentration and pH over the range investigated. The reaction rate is one half order in nickel, and it changes from second to first order in sulfide with increasing concentration. The oxidation reaction is an autocatalytic, free radical chain reaction. Nickel catalyzes the chain initiation step, and polysulfido radical ions propagate the chains. Colloidal sulfur is a major, frequently undesirable reaction product. Sodium sulfite suppresses formation of colloidal sulfur by converting it to thiosulfate. Cobalt is an equally potent catalyst, but a colloidal dispersion of cobalt oxysulfide is produced. Iron compounds are much weaker catalysts; iron citrate and iron HEDTA (N-hydroxyethylenediaminetriacetic acid) were the best among those tested.
Just-in-time signaling for WDM optical burst switching networks (2000)

We describe the architecture, design, and implementation of a novel just-in-time (JIT) signaling protocol for optical burst switching (OBS) in wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) optical networks. The JIT-OBS paradigm is designed for ultra-low-latency unidirectional transport of data-bursts across an optical network. It combines the desirable features of circuit-switching and packet-switching. It features out-of-band control signal processing that eliminates buffering of data-burst at intermediate nodes, while minimizing the setup time, and maximizing the cross-connect bandwidth efficiency. We motivate and describe the architecture of JIT signaling, and analyze its basic performance. We present the detailed signaling message design and discuss the rationale and considerations that went into this design. We describe and examine various scenarios that illustrate the operations of the JIT signaling protocol (JIT-SP) in connection establishment and teardown. Finally, we describe and summarize the JIT signaling software prototype in the Washington, DC Testbed network implemented under the MONET project.
Optimum Design of Waste Heat Boiler with Water Tube and Three Drum (2006)

This study is to optimize design parameters for waste heat recovery boiler with water tube and three drum. The design optimization considered here is to find the most economic dimension of the boiler considered which results in a minimum cost in producing a unit amount of steam per given period of operation. For this purpose, optimize design have to determine what are the main parameters of affecting the total cost of producing a unit amount of steam which is comprised of manufacturing cost of the boiler, operating cost of the fan etc.
Asparaginyl endopeptidase: case history of a class II MHC compartment protease (2005)

Although the endpoint of the class II antigen-processing pathway is well characterized, the processing events that lead to the production of class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC)/peptide complexes are not. It is generally assumed that protease action on native antigen substrates leads to unfolding and capture of either long or short peptides. Whether specific protease activities are needed for presentation of particular T-cell epitopes is largely unknown. Here, we review our recent studies that aim to identify the processing enzymes that initiate processing of different antigens. We suggest a general strategy that can potentially identify preferred relationships between substrates and processing enzymes in vitro and suggest ways in which these relationships can be tested in vivo. We draw heavily on the example of asparaginyl endopeptidase, which is involved in both productive and destructive processing of different antigen substrates. Overall, while there is undoubtedly redundancy in class II MHC antigen processing, the contributions of individual enzymes can be clearly dissected.
Serum complement in chronic liver disease (1973)

Total serum haemolytic complement activity (CH(50)) and the serum concentrations of both the third and fourth components of the complement system (C3 and C4) have been measured in 29 control subjects, 92 patients with chronic hepatocellular disease, and eight patients with large duct biliary tract obstruction. The mean C4 concentration was reduced in all types of chronic liver disease studied. However, the mean CH(50) and C3 values were increased in compensated primary biliary cirrhosis, were relatively normal in non-cirrhotic chronic active hepatitis, and were decreased in cryptogenic cirrhosis, particularly when ascites was present. There was a significant correlation between CH(50) and C3 in patients with chronic liver disease but no correlation between CH(50) and C4 or between C3 and C4. Raised values for CH(50) and C3 in primary biliary cirrhosis may be due at least in part to concomitant cholestasis since these values tend to be raised in patients with large duct biliary tract obstruction. Although primary biliary cirrhosis, chronic active hepatitis, and cryptogenic cirrhosis are considered to be part of a spectrum of chronic liver disease associated with disturbed immunity, the results of this study emphasize that there are clearly definable differences between these diseases in terms of the pattern of changes in serum complement.
Statistical Measurements on Conversational Speech (1940)

Using apparatus designed to collect a large number of data in a short time, the following measurements have been made: peak and r.m.s. pressures in one-eighth-second intervals, and in various bands of frequencies up to 12,000 cycles per second, from the voices of six men and five women; comparison of r.m.s. pressures in one-eighth- and one-fourth-second intervals, from a single male voice; and distribution of the instantaneous pressures in whole speech, from a single voice. Derived from these data are peak factors in one-eighth-second intervals, and frequency distribution of speech energy in long intervals. Both the absolute value and the distribution of energy are found somewhat different from previously published results.
Two-wavelength Raman imaging for non-intrusive monitoring of transient temperature in microfluidic devices (2014)

The present study proposes a non-intrusive visualization technique based on two-wavelength Raman imaging for in-situ monitoring of the unsteady temperature field in microfluidic systems. The measurement principle relies on the contrasting temperature dependencies of hydrogen-bonded and non-hydrogen-bonded OH stretching modes of the water Raman band, whose intensities were simultaneously captured by two cameras equipped with corresponding bandpass filters. The temperature distributions were then determined from the intensity ratio of the simultaneously-obtained Raman images, which enables compensation for temporal fluctuation and spatial inhomogeneity of the excitation laser intensity. A calibration experiment exhibited a linear relationship between the temperature and the intensity ratio in the range 293–343 K and least-regression analysis gave an uncertainty of 1.43 K at 95% confidence level. By applying the calibration data, time series temperature distributions were quantitatively visualized in a Y-shaped milli-channel at a spatial resolution of 6.0 × 6.0 µm2 with an acquisition time of 16.5 s. The measurement result clearly exhibited the temporal evolution of the temperature field and was compared with the values obtained by thermocouples. This paper therefore demonstrates the viability of employing the two-wavelength Raman imaging technique for temperature measurements in microfluidic devices.