gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Promiscuous patching of broken chromosomes in mammalian cells with extrachromosomal DNA (2001)

To study double-strand break (DSB)-induced mutations in mammalian chromosomes, we stably transfected thymidine kinase (tk)-deficient mouse fibroblasts with a DNA substrate containing a recognition site for yeast endonuclease I-SceI embedded within a functional tk gene. Cells were then electroporated with a plasmid expressing endonuclease I-SceI to induce a DSB, and clones that had lost tk function were selected. In a previous study of DSB-induced tk-deficient clones, we found that approximately 8% of recovered tk mutations involved the capture of one or more DNA fragments at the DSB site. Almost half of the DNA capture events involved the I-SceI expression plasmid, and several events involved retrotransposable elements. To learn whether only certain DNA sequences or motifs are efficiently captured, in the current work we electroporated an I-SceI expression plasmid along with HaeIII fragments of φX174 genomic DNA. We report that 18 out of 132 tk-deficient clones recovered had captured DNA fragments, and 14 DNA capture events involved one or more fragments of φX174 DNA. Microhomology existed at most junctions between φX174 DNA and genomic sequences. Our work suggests that virtually any extrachromosomal DNA molecule may be recruited for the patching of DSBs in a mammalian genome.
Structural Modeling and Experimental Techniques (1999)

Structural Modeling and Experimental Techniques presents a current treatment of structural modeling for applications in design, research, education, and product development. Providing numerous case studies throughout, the book emphasizes modeling the behavior of reinforced and prestressed concrete and masonry structures. Structural Modeling and Experimental Techniques:Concentrates on the modeling of the true inelastic behavior of structures; Provides case histories detailing applications of the modeling techniques to real structures; Discusses the historical background of model analysis and similitude principles governing the design, testing, and interpretation of models; Evaluates the limitations and benefits of elastic models; Analyzes materials for reinforced concrete masonry and steel models; Assesses the critical nature of scale effects of model testing; Describes selected laboratory techniques and loading methods; Contains material on errors as well as the accuracy and reliability of physical modelling; Examines dynamic similitude and modeling techniques for studying dynamic loading of structures; Covers actual applications of structural modelling This book serves students in model analysis and experimental methods, professionals manufacturing and testing structural models, as well as professionals testing large or full-scale structures - since the instrumentation techniques and overall approaches for testing large structures are very similar to those used in small-scale modeling work.
Molecular anchors in the solid state: Restriction of intramolecular rotation boosts emission efficiency of luminogen aggregates to unity (2010)

Introduction of freely rotatable tetraphenylethene (TPE) to conventional luminophors quenches their light emissions in the solutions but endows the resultant molecules (TPEArs) with aggregation-induced emission characteristics in the condensed phase due to the restriction of intramolecular rotation. High fluorescence quantum yields up to 100% have been achieved in the films of TPEArs.
A Novel Convenient Synthesis of 8-Oxo-3-thioxo-2,3,7,8-tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-<i>a</i>]pyrazines (1989)

A novel method for the synthesis of 8-oxo-3-thioxo-2,3,7,8-tetrahydro- 1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazines 3 consists of an intramolecular condensation reaction of substituted 1,2,4-triazoline-3-thiones 9, which possess acetal and aminocarbonyl moieties, with 5% hydrochloric acid. This method is convenient by virtue of its simplicity and the good yields.
Detecting Shared Congested Router for Mobile Communication Using Multiple-Interface Devices (2015)

This paper presents an end-to-end algorithm for detecting a shared congested router in the internet when communication is established using multiple paths between wireless devices endowed with multiple interfaces (e.g., LTE, and WiFi). The proposed technique is based on one way end-to- end delay observation of packets received through multiple paths at the end hosts to infer whether or not the flows share the same congested router. With very different statistics on the wireless access delays encountered across different interfaces in practical scenarios, this paper describes techniques for estimating queuing delay variations for each path from one way end-to-end delay observations. The proposed scheme does not make use of exclusive probing packets, but instead uses the data packets that are transmitted and received through multiple paths to infer the path's one way delay characteristics. Simulation results assessing the performance of our proposed detection algorithm are provided for scenarios where wireless devices exchange traffic through its LTE and WiFi interface. With the recently proposed protocols such as multi path transmission control protocol (MPTCP), and multi path real time protocol (MPRTP) beginning to be embraced with increasing interests, this study becomes important as it enables the end hosts to perform efficient congestion control.
The Impact of Transmission Delays on Mission Control-Space Crew Communication (2013)

During long duration missions space-ground communications will involve delays up to 20 minutes one way, a reality that poses a formidable challenge to team communication and task performance. In the present research we examined how transmission delays impacted the interactions between mission controllers and space crews during routine and off-nominal tasks. Method: Four teams of NASA flight controllers and astronauts participated in a space simulation study involving two 2-hour scenarios with transmission delays of 50 sec and 300 sec. Audio-recordings of space - ground communications were transcribed and their structure (turn taking and sequence) and content examined; specifically, whether speakers identified addressees or themselves, and whether listeners confirmed their understanding. Results and Discussion: Transmission delays disrupted the structure of space-ground communications as contributions by flight controllers and astronauts overlapped or were out of sequence. Space crewmembers and flight controllers did not consistently mark the end of their turn; however, our findings suggest that they were more likely to do so under the longer transmission delay. Omissions of identifiers and inadequate listener feedback were observed under both delay conditions. Strategies supportive of grounding processes were also identified.
<title>Design considerations for large MEMS</title> (1995)

There has been an increasing need for the design and fabrication of large (few millimeters) MEMS made of micron-size features for a variety of applications. Mechanical design of large MEMS structures needs careful consideration of the forces developed during and after processing to ensure their survivability and reliable performance. forces generated to actuate a device, e.g., capacitive force, are well characterized. However, the forces developed due to conditions of processing, such as fluid forces, have not yet been fully characterized. In this paper, we propose simple models to estimate thermal and intrinsic stresses and the corresponding deformations of large MEMS, as well as fluid forces during wet processing. We also discuss the issue of stability of large MEMS during actuation.
Joint scheduling and layout optimization to enable multi-level vectorization (2012)

We describe a novel loop nest scheduling strategy imple-mented in the R-Stream compiler1: the first scheduling for-mulation to jointly optimize a trade-off between parallelism, locality, contiguity of array accesses and data layout permu-tations in a single complete formulation. Our search space contains the maximal amount of vectorization in the pro-gram and automatically finds opportunities for automatic multi-level vectorization and simd-ization. Using our model of memory layout, we demonstrate that the amount of con-tiguous accesses, vectorization and simd-ization can be in-creased modulo data layout permutations automatically ex-posed by our technique. This additional degree of freedom opens new opportunities for the scheduler that were previ-ously out of reach. But perhaps the most significant aspect of this work is to encompass an ever increasing number of traditional optimization phases into a single pass. Our ap-proach offers a good solution to the fundamental problem of phase ordering of high-level loop transformations. 1.
Analysis of Zagreb climatological data series using empirically decomposed intrinsic mode functions (2004)

The empirical mode decomposition method (EMD) (Huang, 1998) is applied to the series of annual and seasonal averages of temperature, cloudiness, air pressure and annual and seasonal sums of global radiation and precipitation, all observed in Zagreb-Gri~ in the period 1862 2002. The method itself decomposes the original series into so called intrincic mode functions (IMF), each being characterized by its own, intrinsic time scale. Sums of the low-frequency IMFs for the single element revealed present climatic fluctuations on the decade-to-century scale. It is confirmed that climatic fluctuations of every single element, particularly temperature and cloudiness, are the results of variations in the global atmospheric circulation above the whole Europe. Trend and long-term variations of Zagreb temperature fits to globally observed increase of temperature but also to variations of zonal circulation index. Exchange of Hadley s zonal and Rossby s wave regime of the general atmospheric circulation at the beginning of the 20th century is observed in the long-term variations of almost every element. Linear correlation coefficients between annual and seasonal long-term variations are calculated. It is shown that spring and winter variations mostly influenced annual fluctuations that is due to internal feed-back processes. Also, correlation coefficients for every pair of climatic element are calculated, enabling conclusions about interaction between elements on long-term scales.
Spontaneous penile skin gangrene in AIDS (2000)

AIDS is a systematic infection of retrovirus causing immunodeficiency. Many varied manifestations of the dis­ease have been reported. Systemic vasculitis has been re­ported in as one of the manifestations of the syndrome. This has resulted in areas of skin necrosis in varied parts of 'the body. We report a case of penile skin necrosis which occurred spontaneously in a 25-year-old male patient with no evidence of trauma or infection.
AgVenture: A Farming Strategy Computer Game (1993)

ABSTRACT Agricultural production takes place in a risky, uncertain environment. Teaching students and agricultural producers how to manage these risks is difficult. Simulations or games have been used to provide students hands‐on experience in managing hypothetical farms. AgVenture is a new computer program designed to teach risk management strategies and reinforce traditional farming management principles. The program allows teaching or extension faculty to develop a simulated crop farm appropriate for their area or educational interests. Students then choose the crops they would like to produce, determine profit‐maximizing fertilizer applications, make machinery buy‐sell‐trade decisions, and manage their land and irrigation resources. After making their annual cropping and management decisions, AgVenture generates a variety of reports for students, including income statements, balance sheets, and cash flow reports. These reports are distributed to students, who then use the information to make decisions for the next simulated year of production. Up to 5 simulated years are possible in the game. Playing the game allows students to practice using principles presented by their instructor. A phase‐in approach to decision‐making in the game appears to be most effective, wherein students are asked first to focus on one specific decision area, and as the game progresses, students address additional decision areas. Students evaluated the game as being useful and helpful in learning farm management principles.
Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis): a study of the composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of extracts obtained with supercritical carbon dioxide (2008)

Rosemary leaf extracts were obtained by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and Soxhlet extraction. Their chemical compositions were evaluated by GC-MS. The extracts were analyzed for compounds reported in the literature as showing antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The rosemary extracts were tested with regard to antioxidant (DPPH radical scavenging and total phenolic content - Folin-Denis reagent), antibacterial (Gram-positive bacteria - Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778 - and Gram-negative bacteria - Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853) and antifungal (Candida albicans) activities. Antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal activities of the SFE extracts were confirmed.
Nanofocus: an ultra-miniature dense pinch plasma focus device with submillimetric anode operating at 0.1 J (2008)

As a method for investigating the minimum energy to produce a pinch plasma focus (PF) discharge, an ultra-miniature device for pinch discharges has been designed, constructed and characterized (nanofocus (NF): 5 nF, 5–10 kV, 5–10 kA, 60–250 mJ, 16 ns time to peak current). Submillimetric anode radii (0.8 and 0.21 mm) covered by coaxial insulators were used for experiments in hydrogen. Evidence of pinch was observed in electrical signals in discharges operating at 3 mbar and ∼100 mJ. A single-frame image converter camera (4 ns exposure) was used to obtain plasma images in the visible range. The dynamics observed from the photographs is consistent with (a) the formation of a plasma sheath close to the insulator surface, (b) the plasma covering the anode, (c) radial compression over the anode; (d) finally the plasma is detached from the anode in the axial direction. The total time from stages (a) to (d) was observed in ∼30 ns. This ultra-miniature device has a value for the 'plasma energy density parameter' and for the 'drive parameter' of the same order or greater than PF devices operating at energies several orders of magnitude higher.
Spillage and Leakage (2005)

Spills and leaks of petroleum products generally occur as oil spills and underground storage tank leakage. Whether it is from accidental oil spills or the perpetual leakage of aged storage tanks, the environmental impacts of this pollution are enormous. Causes of and methods for preventing spills and leaks, as well as technologies relevant to remedial actions, are discussed below.
Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition on myocardial vascularization in the adolescent and adult spontaneously hypertensive rat (2001)

ACE inhibitor treatment enhances vascularization in the adolescent heart through reductions in myocardial mass, but not capillary growth. ACE inhibition in the adult heart with established hypertension reduces left ventricular hypertrophy, but does not enhance myocardial capillarization.
Can Naval Surface Forces Operate Under Chemical Weapons Conditions (2002)

The acquisition and modernization of chemical warfare (CW) capabilities by slate and non-state actors, coupled with the vulnerability of ships restricted in maneuverability to chemical weapons attacks, makes CW defense an increased priority for the U.S. Navy. Adversaries may be deterred from using chemical weapons against naval forces if the U.S. Navy demonstrates that it can continue operations under CW conditions. In order to conduct a psychological operations campaign that will achieve the desired result, naval forces must be prepared to conduct operations in CW environments while simultaneously protecting personnel from the effects of chemical weapons. This thesis applies the principles of chemical defense outlined in Joint Publication 3-11 contamination avoidance, protection, and decontamination to requirements for naval operations. It then compares the current doctrine, training, organization, and equipment of the U.S. Navy to the requirements generated by the Department of Defense. This thesis argues that the ability of the U.S. Navy to conduct military operations in CW environments could be improved through expanded operational doctrine, a reorganization of shipboard roles for CW defense, integrated and realistic unit training, and additional procurement of collective protection systems. Implementation of these modest recommendations can dramatically increase the CW preparedness of the U.S. Navy.
Localizable and Photoactivatable Fluorophore for Spatiotemporal Two-Photon Bioimaging (2015)

Photoactivatable probe-based fluorescent imaging has become an efficient and attractive technique for spatiotemporal microscopic studies of biological events. However, almost all previously reported photoactivatable organic probes have been based on hydrosoluble precursors, which have produced water-soluble active fluorophores able to readily diffuse away from the photocleavage site, thereby dramatically reducing spatial resolution. Hydroxyphenylquinazolinone (HPQ), a small organic dye known for its classic luminescence mechanism through excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT), shows strong light emission in the solid state, but no emission in solution. In this work, HPQ was employed as a precursor to develop a localizable, photoactivatable two-photon probe (PHPQ) for spatiotemporal bioimaging applications. After photocleavage, PHPQ releases a precipitating HPQ fluorophore which shows both one-photon and two-photon excited yellow-green fluorescence, thereby producing a localizable fluorescence signal that affords high spatial resolution for bioimaging, with more than 200-fold one-photon and 150-fold two-photon fluorescence enhancement.
How Do Users Like This Feature? A Fine Grained Sentiment Analysis of App Reviews (2014)

App stores allow users to submit feedback for downloaded apps in form of star ratings and text reviews. Recent studies analyzed this feedback and found that it includes information useful for app developers, such as user requirements, ideas for improvements, user sentiments about specific features, and descriptions of experiences with these features. However, for many apps, the amount of reviews is too large to be processed manually and their quality varies largely. The star ratings are given to the whole app and developers do not have a mean to analyze the feedback for the single features. In this paper we propose an automated approach that helps developers filter, aggregate, and analyze user reviews. We use natural language processing techniques to identify fine-grained app features in the reviews. We then extract the user sentiments about the identified features and give them a general score across all reviews. Finally, we use topic modeling techniques to group fine-grained features into more meaningful high-level features. We evaluated our approach with 7 apps from the Apple App Store and Google Play Store and compared its results with a manually, peer-conducted analysis of the reviews. On average, our approach has a precision of 0.59 and a recall of 0.51. The extracted features were coherent and relevant to requirements evolution tasks. Our approach can help app developers to systematically analyze user opinions about single features and filter irrelevant reviews.
Oral Controlled Release Drug Delivery System- A Review (2014)

Oral route has been the most popular and successfully route for controlled delivery of drugs because of the flexibility in the designing of dosage form than other routes. The immidiate release conventional dosage form lack in the efficiency of controlling the proper plasma drug concentration. This factor as well as factors such as repetitive dosing ++ and unpredictable absorption leads to the concept of oral controlled release drug delivery systems. A desirable characteristic of controlled release delivery system is that the duration of drug action should be dictated by the design property of drug molecules. There are different mechanistic aspects for design of oral controlled release drug delivery systems such as matrix, reservoir, osmotic pressure, ion exchange resins, altered density etc. This article contains brief review on currently existing oral controlled system and various formulation approaches for the controlled release system
La Universidad: Tensiones y futuro (2005)

En este texto se ofrece una aproximacion a la problematica de la universidad de cara a las demandas que le plantea la sociedad del siglo XXI. Para tal efecto se  discute la universidad como una institucion que: es historica y especifica, es contingente, se extiende mas alla de si misma y demanda estudios sistematicos.  Se presenta igualmente un panorama del nuevo contexto de la universidad y sus efectos sobre la construccion de la nueva institucionalidad para el nuevo milenio. A manera de conclusion se recuerda que la problematica de la educacion superior desborda la misma institucion y que el trabajo academico esta enfrentando una progresiva ingerencia de la racionalidad gubernamental y empresarial.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of (La, Sr)CoO3 Perovskite Films via a Sol‐Gel Route and Their Physicochemical and Electrochemical Surface Characterization for Anode Application in Alkaline Water Electrolysis. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The Years of Unleavened Bread: December 1949 to December 1972 (1973)

The history of the major events that took place during the period December, 1949 up to December 1972, and its impact is discussed. The great flowering of the culture in the years of the unleavened bread, showed the artists and writers to be teaching us what we once were, rather than about what we will be in the future.
Problem-based learning in a multidisciplinary group enhances clinical decision making by medical students: a randomized controlled trial. (2010)

Pharmacy and nursing students may have potential to change the clinical decision making by medical students.
Epitaxial growth of Cu <sub>2</sub> ZnSnS <sub>4</sub> thin films by pulsed laser deposition (2006)

Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films were grown epitaxially on GaP substrates by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The band gap of the films was about 1.5 eV from the absorption spectra. In XRD patterns, two CTZS peaks, (004) and (008), were observed at the vicinity of GaP peaks of (200) and (400), respectively. The Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films deposited at substrate temperatures of 350 and 400 °C were nearly stoichiometric and showed 4 poles observed at about 48° in pole figure measurement, indicating that the samples were oriented in plane. (© 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)