gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular characterization of major histocompatibility complex (<i>B</i>) haplotypes in broiler chickens (1997)

In Leghorn (laying) chickens, susceptibility to a number of infectious diseases is strongly associated with the major histocompatibility (B) complex. Nucleotide sequence data have been published for six class I (B-F) alleles and for class II (B-L beta) alleles or isotypes from 17 Leghorn haplotypes. It is not known if classical B-L or B-F alleles in broilers are identical, at the sequence level, to any Leghorn alleles. This report describes molecular and immunogenetic characterization of two haplotypes from commercial broiler breeder chickens that were originally identified by serology as a single haplotype, but were differentiated serologically in the present work. The two haplotypes, designated BA4 and BA4variant, shared identical B-G restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns, but differed in one B-L beta fragment that cosegregated with the serological B haplotype. Furthermore, the nucleotide sequences of the highly variable exons of an expressed B-L beta II family gene and B-F gene from the two haplotypes were markedly different from each other. Both the B-L beta II family and B-F gene sequences from the BA4 haplotype were identical to the sequences obtained from the reference B21 haplotype in Leghorns; however, in the BA4 haplotype the B-L beta 21 and B-F21 alleles were in linkage with B-G alleles that were not G21. The nucleotide sequences from BA4variant were unique among the reported chicken B-L beta II family and B-F alleles.
Metabolic Disposition of 2, 4, 6-Trinitrotoluene (1974)

Three pseudomonas-like organisms have been shown to metabolically oxidize 2, 4, 6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). Capability for this oxidative dissimilation varied with each organism. Of the three, isolate "Y" was the most proficient, isolate "I" was less, and isolate "II" was the least. For accelerated TNT degradation, addition of glucose or a nitrogenous substance was essential. Complete dissimilation within 24 h by isolate "Y" cultures supplemented with 0.5% yeast extract is presumed since no TNT was detectable.
Larval‐damaged plants: source of volatile synomones that guide the parasitoid <i>Cotesia marginiventris</i> to the micro‐habitat of its hosts (1991)

Abstract Single and dual choice tests in a flight tunnel revealed that plants damaged by host larvae are the main source of the volatiles that attract females of the parasitoid Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson) to the microhabitat of its hosts. Frass and host larvae, the other two major components of a complete plant-host complex, were significantly less attractive than the damaged seedlings; frass alone was more attractive than larvae alone. However, a recombination of larvae with the damaged seedlings was significantly more attractive than the damaged leaves alone, or damaged leaves with frass. This was due to the additional feeding damage done by the larvae. The role of plants in the host-finding behaviour of parasitoids is discussed. Résumé Plantes endommagées par des chenilles: source de synomones volatiles guidant le parasitoïde Cotesia margiventris vers le micro-habitat de ses hôles L'hyménoptère C. marginiventris Cresson, parasite solitaire, est connu comme étant attiré par les odeurs liées à l'hôte émises par un complexe de chenilles consommant des feuilles. La source exacte de ces substances attractives restait encore à déterminer. Pour cela, des expériences en tunnel de vol ont été réalisées dans lesquelles différents composés du complexe plante et hôte ont été testés individuellement et en combinaisons diverses. Les 3 composés testés ont été: 1) des plantules de maïs endommagées par des chenilles de Spodoptera exigua (BAW); 2) des excréments produits par les chenilles de BAW consommant du maïs; 3) des chenilles de BAW en l'absence de plantes et d'excréments. Les plantes endommagées ont été significativement plus attractives que les excréments ou les chenilles. En expériences de choix, les excréments étaient plus attractifs que les chenilles. Différentes combinaisons de ces 3 composantes principales ont montré que l'attractivité augmentait quand les chenilles étaient associées à des feuilles endommagées. Ajouter des excréments n'augmentait pas significativement l'attractivité. Quand des chenilles étaient associées avec des feuilles endommagées, mais en présence d'écran les empêchant de consommer les feuilles, l'attractivité était celle des feuilles endommagées seules. Des feuilles de maïs n'ayant jamais été exposées aux dégâts des chenilles étaient à peine attractives. On peut en conclure que les feuilles endommagées par les chenilles sont la principale source de substances volatiles qui orientent le parasito'ide C. marginiventris vers le voisinage de ses hôtes. La consommation active par les chenilles augmente probablement la quantité de substances émises par les plantes, ce qui se traduit par une attractivité accrue. Les substances volatiles des plantes jouent un rôle dans la découverte de l'habitat de l'hôte par les parasitoïdes. De plus en plus d'éléments suggèrent qu'une interaction sophistiquée entre hôte, plante et parasitoïde sera éventuellement révélée.
Optical design of poly(methyl methacrylate) intraocular lenses (1990)

The effect of poly(methyl methacrylate) intraocular lens shape on optical performance of pseudophakic eyes was investigated. Image quality criteria included wave aberrations, spot diagrams, longitudinal aberrations, the modulation transfer function, and an optimization procedure. For eyes with corneal asphericities encompassing most of the population, the optimum lens form for on-axis vision is close to plano-convex, with the more curved surface facing the cornea. This applies whether lenses are correctly centered, tilted, or decentered. For small off-axis angles, optimum lens shape varies with the ocular parameters. Good intraocular lens shapes range from the plano-convex to the equi-convex. Plano-convex lenses with the curved surface facing the retina are not recommended.
An Arabidopsis mutant able to green after extended dark periods shows decreased transcripts of seed protein genes and altered sensitivity to abscisic acid (2008)

An Arabidopsis mutant showing an altered ability to green on illumination after extended periods of darkness has been isolated in a screen for genomes uncoupled (gun) mutants. Following illumination for 24 h, 10-day-old dark-grown mutant seedlings accumulated five times more chlorophyll than wild-type seedlings and this was correlated with differences in plastid morphology observed by transmission electron microscopy. The mutant has been named greening after extended darkness 1 (ged1). Microarray analysis showed much lower amounts of transcripts of genes encoding seed storage proteins, oleosins, and late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins in 7-day-old seedlings of ged1 compared with the wild type. RNA gel-blot analyses confirmed very low levels of transcripts of seed protein genes in ged1 seedlings grown for 2-10 d in the dark, and showed higher amounts of transcripts of photosynthesis-related genes in illuminated 10-day-old dark-grown ged1 seedlings compared with the wild type. Consensus elements similar to abscisic acid (ABA) response elements (ABREs) were detected in the upstream regions of all genes highly affected in ged1. Germination of ged1 seeds was hypersensitive to ABA, although no differences in ABA content were detected in 7-day-old seedlings. This suggests the mutant may have an altered responsiveness to ABA, affecting expression of ABA-responsive genes and plastid development during extended darkness.
The Effect of Schmidt Number on the Faradaic Impedance of the Dissolution of a Copper Rotating Disk (1989)

Frequency‐response results, as calculated by the Stefan‐Maxwell macroscopic impedance model, are presented for a copper rotating disk in chloride solutions. The working algorithm uses concentrated‐solution theory and accounts for multicomponent diffusion, migration, and homogeneous and hetereogeneous reactions, as well as a finite Schmidt number and interfacial velocity. The validity of the general program was checked by comparing the concentrated‐solution model in the limit of dilute solutions, excess of supporting electrolyte, and infinite Schmidt number to known analytic solutions. Excellent agreement was obtained. Results for copper dissolution are plotted in various forms, enabling the effect of the Schmidt number (Sc) on the frequency‐response of the faradaic impedance to be studied. Specifically, plotting the low‐frequency data according to vs. pIm and the high‐frequency data as vs. allows the entire frequency spectrum to be utilized in the determination of unknown diffusion coefficients for a given electrochemical system. Additionally, the effect of electrode kinetics on the faradaic impedance as applied to the Sc‐determination procedure has been studied. Finally, new ways of plotting the dimensionless convective‐diffusion impedance reduce the Schmidt number dependence of the frequency response nearly to one curve by stretching the abscissa using and . These plots confirm that the slope of the low‐frequency linear region is proportional to and that the slope of the high‐frequency linear region is proportional to .
Does desmopressin acetate reduce blood loss after surgery in patients on cardiopulmonary bypass? (1988)

It has been suggested that desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) administration reduces blood loss after cardiac surgery. We have investigated the effect of DDAVP administration in a double-blind, randomized, prospective trial including 100 patients placed on cardiopulmonary bypass during surgery. Fifty patients received 0.3 micrograms/kg DDAVP and 50 patients received a placebo administered in a 50 ml saline solution over 15 min when cardiopulmonary bypass had been concluded. Results showed no significant differences either in total blood loss per square meter (458 +/- 206 ml in the DDAVP group vs 536 +/- 304 ml in the placebo group) or in necessity for red cell transfusions (1642 +/- 705 ml in the DDAVP group vs 1574 +/- 645 ml in the placebo group) in the first 72 hr after surgery. Only intraoperative blood loss per square meter was significantly lower (p less than .02) in the DDAVP group (131 +/- 106 ml) as compared with the placebo group (193 +/- 137 ml). The prolongation of bleeding time and the decrease of factor VIII:C and factor VIII:von Willebrand factor 90 min after treatment were significantly lower (p less than .001) in the DDAVP group as compared with the placebo group. We conclude that the administration of DDAVP in patients placed on cardiopulmonary bypass during surgery does not reduce total blood loss and is only effective in reducing intraoperative bleeding.
Exogenous antigens are processed through the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) in cross-presentation by dendritic cells (2004)

Antigen cross-presentation is critical in infectious and tumor immunity where cytotoxic T lymphocytes are induced by dendritic cells specifically equipped with cellular machineries to present exogenous antigens with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules. To examine molecular mechanisms of antigen cross-presentation, we employed as a model system a murine dendritic cell line DC2.4 capable of presenting soluble antigens such as ovalbumin (OVA) with MHC class I. Here, we demonstrate that exogenously added OVA is accumulated in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and late endosomes followed by retrograde transport to the cytoplasm through the Sec61 transporter complexes, and that CHIP functions as an E3 ubiquitin-ligase for OVA degradation by proteasomes. This mechanism is essentially the same as that known as the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) in the quality control of secretary and membrane proteins.
Sexuelle Gewalterfahrungen in der Kindheit: Ein unterschätzter Risikofaktor in der geburtshilflichen Betreuung (2005)

Einleitung: Sexuelle Gewalterfahrungen in der Kindheit (SGK) können ungünstige Auswirkungen auf die geburtshilfliche Situation haben, sind den meisten Geburtshelfern jedoch für ihre Patientinnen nicht bekannt. Um die klinische Relevanz von SGK zu überprüfen, haben wir die Prävalenz bei 226 Frauen drei bis acht Monate nach einer Entbindung untersucht.
Effect of microwave radiation on boron activation (2002)

Chemically reactive impurities such as oxygen and fluorine alter the diffusion and activation kinetics of boron during the anneal process. An examination of the role these impurities play during the anneal process indicates important differences between microwave and lamp-based rapid thermal processing (RTP) for low energy implants. The most notable differences for boron diffusion behavior during microwave annealing are: the reversal of the conventional oxygen enhanced diffusion trend; a general trend of enhanced diffusion in the extreme near surface of the silicon, possibly due to the lack of high intensity optical illumination; and the ability of fluorine to eliminate these two effects.
ChemInform Abstract: PHEROMONE SYNTHESIS. 59. SYNTHESIS OF BOTH THE ENANTIOMERS OF ERYTHRO‐6‐ACETOXY‐5‐HEXADECANOLIDE. THE MAJOR COMPONENT OF A MOSQUITO OVIPOSITION ATTRACTANT PHEROMONE (1984)

Abstract Erster Schritt zur Synthese der Titelverbindung (Vb) aus dem Alkohol (I) ist die kinetische Trennung der (I)‐Enantiomeren (nach Sharpless) durch enantioselektive Epoxidierung mit D‐(‐)‐Isopropyltartrat; nach 17 h kann das Epoxid (IIa) mit 9l‐94proz. Enantiomerenüberschuß isoliert werden.
Arsenic Exposure from Drinking Water, Dietary Intakes of B Vitamins and Folate, and Risk of High Blood Pressure in Bangladesh: A Population-based, Cross-sectional Study (2006)

The authors performed a cross-sectional analysis to evaluate the association between arsenic exposure from drinking water and blood pressure using baseline data of 10,910 participants in the Health Effects of Arsenic Longitudinal Study in Bangladesh (October 2000-May 2002). A time-weighted well arsenic concentration (TWA) based on current and past use of drinking wells was derived. Odds ratios for high pulse pressure (> or = 55 mmHg) by increasing TWA quintiles (< or = 8, 8.1-40.8, 40.9-91.0, 91.1-176.0, and 176.1-864.0 microg/liter) were 1.00 (referent), 1.39 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14, 1.71), 1.21 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.49), 1.19 (95% CI: 0.97, 1.45), and 1.19 (95% CI: 0.97, 1.46). Among participants with a lower than average dietary intake level of B vitamins and folate, the odds ratios for high pulse pressure by increasing TWA quintiles were 1.00 (referent), 1.84 (95% CI: 1.07, 3.16), 1.89 (95% CI: 1.11, 3.20), 1.83 (95% CI: 1.09, 3.07), and 1.89 (95% CI: 1.12, 3.20). The odds ratios for systolic hypertension suggest a similar but weaker association. No apparent associations were observed between TWA and general or diastolic hypertension. These findings indicate that the effect of low-level arsenic exposure on blood pressure is nonlinear and may be more pronounced in persons with lower intake of nutrients related to arsenic metabolism and cardiovascular health. Future research is needed to evaluate the effect of low-level arsenic exposure on specific cardiovascular outcomes.
Multivariable control results for Flexlab (2002)

The motivation for this paper is to report on the evolution and development of Flexlab, a facility which was introduced and described Blinn and Irwin (1997). While some of the general features of the lab are repeated here, the main emphasis of this paper is to report on multivariable results which were unavailable in the last publication.
Cooperative role of NF‐κB signaling and PARP‐1 activity in the TNF‐induced inhibition of PHEX gene expression (2010)

Reduced bone mass is a common complication in chronic inflammatory diseases, although the mechanisms are not completely understood. Phex gene encodes an osteoblast Zn‐endopeptidase controlling bone mineralization and is inhibited by TNF in chemically‐induced colitis. Here, we confirm its downregulation in CD4 + CD45RB high T‐cell transfer colitis, and delineate the molecular mechanism involved in TNF‐mediated inhibition of Phex transcription. TNF decreased expression of Phex in UMR106 cells and did not require de novo synthesis of a transrepressor. Transient transfections with Phex promoter constructs identified a region within ‐74nt containing weak putative NF‐κB binding sites. TNF induced recruitment of p65/p50 complex to two of those cis elements. Inhibition of NF‐κB signaling by a proteasome inhibitor increased the basal level of Phex transcription and abrogated the effects of TNF, while overexpression of p65 reduced promoter activity. Proteomic approaches identified poly(ADP‐rybose) polymerase (PARP‐1) constitutively interacting with Phex promoter, and TNF‐induced PARylation of p65 which potentiates its suppression of Phex transcription. TNF‐mediated downregulation of Phex was completely abrogated in PARP‐1 KO mice. NF‐κB signaling and PARP‐1 enzymatic activity are cooperatively involved in constitutive and inducible suppression of Phex. Grant support: R37DK033209 (F.K.G.)
Nonlinear Panel Response by a Monte Carlo Approach (1974)

The vibration of clamped and simply supported elastic panels due to subsonic and supersonic turbulent boundary-layer flows is investigated by a Monte Carlo technique. The resulting generalized random forces are simulated numerically from boundary-layer turbulence spectra, and the response analysis is performed in the time domain. The mutual interaction between panel motion and external and/or internal airflow is included. Response studies are performed with respect to rms response, probability structure, peak distribution, threshold crossing and spectral density. The effect on the response statistics of in-plane loading, static pressure differential, and cavity pressure is investigated.
IC‐P‐140: Comparison of biomarkers from PET [<sup>18</sup>F]Flutemetamol Amyloid Imaging and Structural MRI (2010)

[18F]flutemetamol marks beta amyloid plaques in the brain. Previous studies using the parent molecule PIB have shown that PIB retention plateaus early in AD and because of this other markers may be needed to predict the time course for disease progression. In this study we compare [18F]flutemetamol markers with hippocampus volumes computed from structural MRI in AD, MCI and healthy volunteers (HV). Data from a previously reported multi-centre Phase II study was used. The study sample size was 27 AD (MMSE 15-26, CDR 0.5-2), 20 MCI (MMSE 27-30, CDR 0-0.5) and 25 HV. MR imaging was performed using a 3D MPRAGE sequence. An Expectation Maximisation classifier was used to segment MR scans into gray, white and CSF. The hippocampus was segmented using a multi-atlas segmentation method where several atlases were registered non-rigidly to each MR scan and propagated segmentations were fused. In addition, an atlas (AAL) was registered to each MR scan to provide a parcelation of the brain for the PET analysis. PET images were acquired 85-115 min post injection of ˜175 MBq of [18F]flutemetamol. PET images were co-registered with the corresponding MR and the individualized AAL was used to define a cerebellum VOI and a composite VOI by combining frontal, temporal, parietal, and cingulate cortices. The AAL regions were combined with the gray matter segmentation and regional cerebral to cerebellum tracer uptake ratios (SUVR) were computed. SUVR and hippocampal volumes ability to separate the groups were studied as independent measures and as a combined measure. SUVR for the composite region gave a good separation of AD and HV (accuracy 94%) while MCIs were categorised into an AD-like or an HV-like group but with some intermediate scans. Hippocampus volumes showed more overlap between AD and HV (accuracy 87%). The 2D plot showed a relatively compact cluster of HV scans and a less compact AD cluster (accuracy 96%). MCI scans with intermediate SUVR-values (1.40-1.58) had a large spread in hippocampus volumes (2.90-4.28). Combining [18F]flutemetamol data with structural MRI may provide additional information for predicting disease progression and may help classification of borderline cases but this has to be validated in longitudinal studies.
A Conexao Androgena: O Que Significa Ser Mulher e o Que Significa Ser Homem na Era da Igualdade de Genero? (2011)

O feminismo na cultura popular e a teoria feminista académica construíram um intercâmbio de pensamento, ao longo de décadas, que se tornou, em si próprio, um fenómeno cultural e intelectual. A crítica feminista é largamente influenciada pelo modo como escritoras, jornalistas, artistas, poetas e criadoras de opinião pensam e produzem a transformação da mulher e o poder feminino. De igual modo, o discurso do feminismo popular passou, em larga medida, a integrar argumentos e linguagem com origem no feminismo académico.
Factors Associated With Ineligibility for PCI Differ Between Inpatient and Outpatient ST‐Elevation Myocardial Infarction (2016)

Reasons for PCI ineligibility differ between inpatient and outpatient STEMIs. Inpatients have increased risks of bleeding, lower coronary angiography and PCI use, and higher in-hospital mortality. Especially for inpatients, specific PCI STEMI protocols that anticipate and overcome types of ineligibility and delay for cardiac catheterization may improve outcomes.
An Alternate Model for Uplink Interference in CDMA Systems with Power Control (2009)

Abstract—Accurately modeling the statistics of the uplink interference power is an important problem in the design and analysis of second and third generation code division multiple access cellular systems. In the uplink, the total interference varies not only because of wireless channel effects such as shadowing and path loss, but also because of the randomness in the number of interfering mobiles and their locations. Conventionally, it has been argued this can be well modeled as a Gaussian distribution, especially in the presence of power control. In this paper, we show that when all the sources of randomness are considered together, the uplink inter-cell interference power is better modeled by a lognormal distribution. Using the well established theory of Poisson point processes to model spatial mobile distributions, we extend the moment matching or Fenton-Wilkinson method to determine the parameters of the approximating lognormal. Our results show that our lognormal approximation is several orders of magnitude more accurate than the conventional Gaussian approximation. These results have applications in cell planning and layout and, in general, in cellular system design and analysis. I.
Aortic Valve Replacement for End-Stage Aortic Valve Disease (1994)

To evaluate the outcome of surgical intervention for end-stage aortic valve disease, we carried out a retrospective, longitudinal survey of 85 patients (65 males, 20 females; mean age 53 period. All the patients presented in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class IV in cardiac failure (3 had cardiogenic shock and 27 had bacterial endocarditis). In-hospital mortality was 9.4% (8/85) overall. Those with endocarditis had a significantly higher mortality, 6/27 (22%) vs 2/58 (3.4%), p < 0.01. In-hospital mortality was not significantly increased in those with renal failure, reoperation, simultaneous coronary artery surgery, age > 65 years nor was it related to the predominance of aortic regurgitation or stenosis. After a mean follow-up period of 5.9 years (range 0 to 12.5 years), the overall actuarial survival was 82% and 74% at 5 and 10 years respectively. For 66 late survivors, the NYHA status improved to class I in 51, to II in 10, to III in 4 patients, and one patient remained in class IV. The incidence of paraprosthetic leak, reoperation, thromboembolism, anticoagulant-related haemorrhage, and endocarditis were respectively 0.8, 0.8, 1.6, 1.4, and 0.2 per 100 patient-years. Aortic valve replacement in the patient with end-stage aortic valve disease is a high-risk procedure, the risk being higher in the presence of endocarditis. The favourable long-term survival, long-term improvement in functional class and the relatively low incidence of valve-related complications justify surgical intervention in such patients, who would otherwise have a very poor prognosis.