gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Integrated Workflow for Reservoir Modeling and Flow Simulation of the Nikanassin Tight Gas Reservoir in the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (2011)

Abstract This paper presents an innovative workflow for characterization and reservoir simulation of the tight gas Nikanassin Group in the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin. Petrographic studies of the Nikanassin Group show the presence of (1) intergranular, (2) microfracture + slot, and (3) isolated (non effective) porosities. These porosities are handled with a mathematical triple porosity model for improved petrophysical analysis of the Nikanassin Group. Determination of pore throat apertures (rp35) facilitates facies mapping for reservoir simulation purposes. Numerical well testing of hydraulically fractured wells provides a way of tuning the static model with dynamic well testing information. In the case of open uncemented fractures and slots, numerical well testing indicates that the reduction of in-situ permeability can be more than two orders of magnitude. On the other hand in the case of partially cemented fractures and slots the reduction in permeability might be negligible. The approach permits an efficient representation of hydraulic fractures using transmissibility multipliers for the full field simulation of commingled tight reservoirs with multi-wells and multi-stage fractures. The result is a sound full field simulation model that permits a reasonable match of production and pressure histories, and forecasting of gas recovery under different well-spacing and depletion scenarios. As most Nikanassin tight gas wells are completed commingled, this research develops a procedure for production allocation of individual contributing formations. The study shows that there is a very large gas potential in the Nikanassin Group, particularly in the Lower Monteith Formation that can be exploited by reducing significantly the well spacing. The finding is significant as the tight gas Nikanassin Group extends for more than 15,000 km2 within Alberta and British Columbia, which suggests the potential for drilling thousands of wells in the region.
Murine Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Hepatic Progenitor Cells Engraft in Recipient Livers with Limited Capacity of Liver Tissue Formation (2008)

Directed endodermal differentiation of murine embryonic stem (ES) cells gives rise to a subset of cells with a hepatic phenotype. Such ES cell-derived hepatic progenitor cells (ES-HPC) can acquire features of hepatocytes in vitro, but fail to form substantial hepatocyte clusters in vivo. In this study, we investigated whether this is due to inefficient engraftment or an immature phenotype of ES-HPC. ES cells engrafted into recipient livers of NOD/SCID mice with a similar efficacy as adult hepatocytes after 28 days. Because transplanted unpurified ES-HPC formed teratomas in the spleen and liver, we applied an albumin promoter/enhancer-driven reporter system to purify ES-HPC by cell sorting. RT-PCR analyses for hepatocyte-specific genes showed that the cells exhibited a hepatic phenotype, lacking the expression of the pluripotency marker Oct4, comparable to cells of day 11.5 embryos. Sorted ES-HPC derived from beta-galactosidase transgenic ES cells were injected into fumaryl-acetoacetate-deficient (FAH(-/-)) SCID mice and analyzed after 8 to 12 weeks. Staining with X-gal solution revealed the presence of engrafted cells throughout the liver. However, immunostaining for the FAH protein indicated hepatocyte formation at a very low frequency, without evidence for large hepatocyte cluster formation. In conclusion, the limited repopulation capacity of ES-HPC is not caused by a failure of primary engraftment, but may be due to an immature hepatic phenotype of the transplanted ES-HPC.
Large‐scale survey for potentially targetable indels in bacterial and protozoan proteins (2005)

Our previous results demonstrated that some essential, housekeeping proteins from pathogenic microorganisms may contain sizable insertions-deletions in their sequences (compared to close human homologs) that can be responsible for unexpected virulence properties. For example, we found that indel-bearing elongation factor-1alpha from several pathogenic protozoa can activate a human tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 leading to deactivation of macrophages. On the one hand, these findings allowed development of a strategy for targeting some indel-containing pathogen proteins that have similar human counterparts. On the other hand, the results raised numerous questions regarding the nature and implications of sequence indels in pathogen proteins. In the present study, we conducted a large-scale survey of indels in proteins from 136 bacterial and protozoan genomes. It has been established that sizable insertions and deletions occur in approximately 5-10% of bacterial proteins with close human homologs, while proteins from the protozoan pathogens such as Trypanosoma cruzi, Plasmodium falciparum, and Leishmania donovani exhibit elevated indel content that can reach up to 25%. The finding suggested that the occurrence of sequence indels may be involved in the evolution of pathogenic mechanisms in these protozoa.
Cytogenetic Studies of Hamster Kidney Cell Cultures Transformed by the Simian Vacuolating Virus (SV40)<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1">2</xref> (1963)

Cytogenetic studies were performed on transformed cell cultures arising from hamster kidney cell monolayers infected with the simian vacuolating virus (SV40). After a 3- to 6-week latent period, colonies of rapidly growing cells emerged from infected cultures. The earliest cells in these cultures appeared to have chromosome numbers in the diploid range, with frequent chromosomal aberrations such as breaks, translocations, and deletions. These cells were rapidly overgrown by those with chromosome numbers in the range between triploid and tetraploid during serial passage. There was a constant tendency for the production of cells with greater numbers of chromosomes. The separation of the chromosomes at metaphase into discrete clusters was an unusual tendency. Karyotype analysis revealed irregular replication of different groups of chromosomes without the presence of a unique stemline. Abnormal chromosomes were present in many cells. It is concluded that SV40 produces a biochemical growth stimulus on which are superimposed processes producing aneuploidy.
ACE-domain selectivity extends beyond direct interacting residues at the active site (2020)

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is best known for its formation of the vasopressor angiotensin II that controls blood pressure but is also involved in other physiological functions through the hydrolysis of a variety of peptide substrates. The enzyme contains two catalytic domains (nACE and cACE) that have different affinities for ACE substrates and inhibitors. We investigated whether nACE inhibitor backbones contain a unique property which allows them to take advantage of the hinging of nACE. Kinetic analysis showed that mutation of unique nACE residues, in both the S2 pocket and around the prime subsites (S') to their C-domain counterparts, each resulted in a decrease in the affinity of nACE specific inhibitors (SG6, 33RE and ketoACE-13) but it required the combined S2_S' mutant to abrogate nACE-selectivity. However, this was not observed with the non-domain-selective inhibitors enalaprilat and omapatrilat. High-resolution structures were determined for the minimally glycosylated nACE with the combined S2_S' mutations in complex with the ACE inhibitors 33RE (1.8 Å), omapatrilat (1.8 Å) and SG6 (1.7 Å). These confirmed that the affinities of the nACE-selective SG6, 33RE and ketoACE-13 are not only affected by direct interactions with the immediate environment of the binding site, but also by more distal residues. This study provides evidence for a more general mechanism of ACE inhibition involving synergistic effects of not only the S2, S1' and S2' subsites, but also residues involved in the sub-domain interface that effect the unique ways in which the two domains stabilize active site loops to favour inhibitor binding.
Synthesis and conformational behaviour of luminescently labelled poly[styrene‐<i>graft</i>‐(<i>N</i>‐isopropyl acrylamide)] copolymers (2005)

Abstract The synthesis and characterization of poly( N ‐isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAM), which has been grafted to polystyrene, are described. Despite the fact that these copolymers contain around 20 % of the hydrophobic monomer styrene, they still retain water solubility below 32 °C. Such observations imply that altering the polymer topography provides an alternate strategy for manipulation of the lower critical solution temperature ( LCST ). The fluorescence characteristics of the polarity probe, pyrene, have been used to provide information regarding the thermoresponsive behaviour of the grafted copolymer samples. On the basis of these measurements, a model is proposed which suggests that a hydrophobic styrene core exists at all temperatures between 5 and 60 °C, which is stabilized by a hydrophilic ‘corona’ formed by the PNIPAM grafts. The LCST marks a conformational ‘collapse’ of the grafts onto the styrene core, which results in the formation of a compact globular species. The fluorescence data also provide evidence that the PNIPAM graft chain‐length influences the nature of the globule. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Development of the standard CubeSat deployer and a CubeSat class PicoSatellite (2002)

Cal Poly students are participating in the development of a new class of picosatellite, the CubeSat. CubeSats are ideal as space development projects for universities around the world. In addition to their significant role in educating space scientists and engineers, CubeSats provide a low-cost platform for testing and space qualification of the next generation of small payloads in space. A key component of the project is the development of a standard CubeSat deployer. This deployer is capable of releasing a number of CubeSats as secondary payloads on a wide range of launchers. The standard deployer requires all CubeSats to conform to common physical requirements, and share a standard deployer interface. CubeSat development time and cost can be significantly reduced by the development of standards that are shared by a large number of spacecraft.
Nanoscale Semiconductor Dots by Ion Sputtering (1999)

A formation process for semiconductor quantum dots based on a surface instability induced by ion sputtering under normal incidence is presented. Crystalline dots 35 nanometers in diameter and arranged in a regular hexagonal lattice were produced on gallium antimonide surfaces. The formation mechanism relies on a natural self-organization mechanism that occurs during the erosion of surfaces, which is based on the interplay between roughening induced by ion sputtering and smoothing due to surface diffusion. To date two approaches for the fabrication of semiconductor quantum dots have been pursued. In the top-down approach, lithographic methods are used for direct patterning of quantum dots, whereas the bottom-up approach relies on self-organized processes. In contrast to serial electron-beam lithography, self-organization phenomena open the way for the formation of a regular array of quantum dots on large areas in a single technological process step. Self-organized semiconductor quantum dots have been produced by the Stranski-Krastanow growth mode in molecular beam epitaxy and metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy, in which coherent island formation occurs during the growth of lattice-mismatched semiconductors (1). Here we present a controlled and costeffective method for the production of wellordered quantum dots by ion bombardment of semiconductor surfaces (2) that is based on a self-organization mechanism induced by ion sputtering of solid surfaces, where the formation kinetics is determined by etching instead of growth. There has been great effort to interpret the microscopic dynamics of surface roughness and pattern formation induced by ion sputtering in which the formation of coherent ripples has been observed on metal, semiconductor, and insulator surfaces under ion bombardment at off-normal angles of incidence (3‐7). The characteristic period in the submicrometer to nano
PD10-03 SIMPLE OPERATING ROOM BUNDLE REDUCES SUPERFICIAL SURGICAL SITE INFECTIONS AFTER MAJOR UROLOGIC SURGERY (2016)

The SSI rate after major urologic surgery at 1 center was reduced after the introduction of a simple, fast, low-cost, and easily reproducible bundle into the operating room. The use of this bundle reduces SSI, which is critical for the patient and the physician in this era of public reporting and reimbursement based on outcomes.
Comparison of Bivalirudin Versus Heparin(s) During Percutaneous Coronary Interventions in Patients Receiving Prasugrel: A Propensity‐Matched Study (2013)

In patients undergoing PCI and treated with prasugrel, the use of BIV rather than HEP±GPI is associated with significantly lower transfusion rate and LOS. These results suggest that the previously documented safety and cost-effectiveness benefits of BIV remain applicable when prasugrel is used.
Distinct patterns of gene expression in the superficial, middle and deep zones of bovine articular cartilage (2012)

Hyaline articular cartilage will not heal spontaneously, and lesions in hyaline articular cartilage often result in degenerative joint disease. Considerable progress has been made with respect to the responsive stem cells, inductive signals and extracellular scaffolding required for the optimal regeneration of cartilage. However, many challenges remain, such as topographic differences in the functional zones of articular cartilage. We hypothesized that a distinct set of differentially expressed genes define the surface, middle and deep zones of hyaline articular cartilage. Microarray analysis of bovine articular cartilage from the superficial and middle zones revealed 52 genes differentially expressed ≥ 10-fold and 114 additional genes differentially expressed ≥ five-fold. However, no genes were identified with a ≥ five-fold difference in expression when comparing articular cartilage from the middle and deep zones. There are distinct, differential gene expression patterns in the superficial and middle zones of hyaline articular cartilage that highlight the functional differences between these zones. This investigation has implications for the tissue engineering and regeneration of hyaline articular cartilage.
Face Animation in MPEG‐4 (2002)

This chapter contains sections titled: Abstract Introduction Specification and Animation of Faces Coding of Face Animation Parameters Integration of Face Animation and Text-to-speech Synthesis Integration with MPEG-4 Systems MPEG-4 Profiles for Face Animation Conclusion References Annex
Accurate mode characterization of two-mode optical fibers by in-fiber acousto-optics (2016)

Acousto-optic interaction in optical fibers is exploited for the accurate and broadband characterization of two-mode optical fibers. Coupling between LP<sub>01</sub> and LP<sub>1m</sub> modes is produced in a broadband wavelength range. Difference in effective indices, group indices, and chromatic dispersions between the guided modes, are obtained from experimental measurements. Additionally, we show that the technique is suitable to investigate the fine modes structure of LP modes, and some other intriguing features related with modes' cut-off.
Effect of Magnolia/Phellodendron on Cortisol and Mood State in Moderately Stressed Subjects (2013)

Magnolia (Magnolia officinalis) and Phellodendron (Phellodendron amurense) barks are medicinal plants commonly used as traditional remedies for reducing stress and anxiety. Modern supplements are intended to induce relaxation and reduce stress and stress‐related eating. Previous studies have shown the combination of Magnolia/Phellodendron (MP) to reduce both cortisol exposure and the perception of stress/anxiety, while improving weight loss in subjects with stress‐related eating. We assessed salivary cortisol exposure and psychological mood state in 56 subjects (35 men and 21 women) screened for moderate stress and supplemented with a standardized/patented MP combination (ReloraTM, Next Pharmaceuticals) or Placebo for 4 weeks. Salivary cortisol exposure was significantly (p<0.05) reduced by −18% in the Relora group. Significant (p<0.05) mood state improvements were found in the Relora group for Overall Stress (−11%), Global Mood State (+11%), Vigor (+18%), Anger (−34%), Fatigue (−31%), and Confusion (−27%). These results indicate that daily supplementation with a combination of Magnolia and Phellodendron (Relora) reduces cortisol exposure and perceived stress, while improving a variety of mood state parameters, suggesting an effective natural approach to the detrimental health effects of chronic stress. This study was funded by Next Pharmaceuticals and conducted by SupplementWatch
Hybrid low loss voltage balancing method for series connection of IGBTs (2004)

The demand for high voltage switches can be achieved by connecting power devices in series. The main problem associated with series connected devices is the unequal sharing of the switch voltage by each device. In this paper, a hybrid voltage balancing method suitable for use with series strings of IGBT is described. The method combines active gate control with passive snubber circuits to yield a simple gate control circuit and to minimise the switching power losses. Simulations show that the method is capable of good voltage balancing during turn-off and turn-on transients.
Two-dimensional micro array fluorescence fingerprinting with a computer screen photo-assisted technique (2005)

Detection and classification of fluorescent dyes are demonstrated using a computer screen photo-assisted technique (CSPT). This technique has previously been demonstrated for analyzing fluorescence from 96 wells microtiterplates (200 μl per well) and from a single cuvette with some optics to enhance sensitivity. In this work a custom designed array of wells with a volume of approximately 1 mu;l is used. In order to measure such small volumes without saturating the detector, the transmitted light is masked by placing the sample between two crossed polarizers. This arrangement blocks nearly all the transmitted light, while the emitted light, which is nearly unpolarized, can still be detected. The lowest amount (concentration x volume) of analyte detectable in this setup is about 40 times smaller than in the previous setups.
Cloning and Expression of a Human Serotonin 5‐HT<sub>4</sub> Receptor cDNA (1997)

Using a combination of library screening and nested PCR based on a partial human serotonin 5-HT4 receptor sequence, we have cloned the complete coding region for a human 5-HT4 receptor. The sequence shows extensive similarity to the published porcine 5-HT4A and rat 5-HT4L receptor cDNA; however, in comparison with the latter, we find an open reading frame corresponding to only 388 amino acids instead of 406 amino acids. This difference is due to a frame shift caused by an additional cytosine found in the human sequence after position 1,154. Moreover, we also found the same additional cytosine in the rat 5-HT4 sequence. We confirmed the occurrence of the sequence by examining this part of the sequence in genomic DNA of 10 human volunteers and in rat genomic DNA. Based on a part of the genomic 5-HT4 receptor sequence that was identified in the cloning process, there seem to be at least two possible splice sites in the coding region of the gene. The human 5-HT4 receptor, transiently expressed in COS-7 cells, showed radioligand binding properties similar to 5-HT4 receptors in guinea pig striatal tissue. [3H]GR 113808 revealed K(D) values of 0.15 +/- 0.01 nM for the human receptor and 0.3 +/- 0.1 nM in the guinea pig tissue. Binding constants were determined for four investigated 5-HT4 antagonists and three agonists, and appropriate binding inhibition constants were found in each case. Stimulation of transfected COS-7 cells with 5-HT4-specific agonists caused an increase in cyclic AMP levels.
Effect of Different Castration Methods on the Subsequent Performance of Bull Calves (2006)

Fifty mixed-breed, preconditioned bulls (791 +/- 77 lb; 359.5 +/- 35.0 kg) were utilized to examine the effects of different castration methods on animal performance.
Multicell uplink spectral efficiency of coded DS-CDMA with random signatures (2001)

A simple multicell uplink communication model is suggested and analyzed for optimally coded randomly spread direct sequence code-division multiple access (DS-CDMA). The model adheres to Wyner's (1994) infinite linear cell-array model, according to which only adjacent-cell interference is present, and characterized by a single parameter 0/spl les//spl alpha//spl les/1. The discussion is confined to asymptotic analysis where both the number of users and the processing gain go to infinity, while their ratio goes to some finite constant. Single cell-site processing is assumed and four multiuser detection strategies are considered: the matched-filter detector, "optimum" detection with adjacent-cell interference treated as Gaussian noise, the linear minimum mean square error (MMSE) detector and a detector that performs MMSE-based successive interference cancellation for intracell users with linear MMSE processing of adjacent-cell interference. Spectral efficiency is evaluated under three power allocation policies: equal received powers (for all users), equal rates, and a maximal spectral efficiency policy. Comparative results demonstrate how performance is affected by the introduction of intercell interference, and what is the penalty associated with the randomly spread coded DS-CDMA strategy. Finally, the effect of intercell time-sharing protocols as suggested by Shamai and Wyner (1997) is also examined, and a significant system performance enhancement is observed.
Catalytic Activities for Oxygen Reduction Reaction of Group 4 and 5 Transition Metal Oxide-Based Compounds in Alkaline Solution (2011)

Abstract not Available.
Statistical Analysis of Condition Assessment Data and Prediction of Future Performance of PCCP (2011)

This paper presents the benefits of a well-managed, long-term asset management program in determining the current condition and predicting future deterioration of prestressed concrete cylinder pipe (PCCP). More than 10 years of inspection and monitoring data were analyzed, accumulated from Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station (PVNGS), operated by the Arizona Public Service Company (APS). Pipe segments were inspected every 3 years on average. These data were analyzed to determine the current condition of the PCCP assets, and to develop statistical models of future deterioration of the pipeline and future deterioration rates of distressed pipes in different repair priorities by tracking individual deterioration zones throughout the inspection history. Using established risk and uncertainty analysis techniques, future repair priorities are forecast. The frequency of inspections and quality of the data collected allowed us to develop meaningful predictive statistical models of deterioration in PCCP assets. Starting from the detailed data on distress levels in the pipelines, the models forecast future progression of distress, including the total number of distressed pipes, total number of highly distressed pipes requiring repair or replacement, areas of severe distress, areas of rapid deterioration, and specific pipe segments reaching severe distress level in a specific future time period. The inspection data and results of this study were incorporated into a Geographic Information System (GIS). Such information is of paramount importance for effective PCCP asset management.