gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Spread-sprectrum rf platforms and protocols for mobile data messaging and radio location</title> (1996)

Many alternatives currently exist for voice-channel bandwidth systems capable of delivering wireless data. However, almost all of them are oriented around the voice-circuit paradigm. While this paradigm is eminently suitable for the voice links it was designed to serve, it is quite inefficient for the relatively short, bursty messages that characterize the majority of mobile digital-messaging. Moreover, these narrow-band technologies only provide a part of the mobile resource management communication solution. A very large number of mobile applications benefit greatly from knowledge of the mobile's location. This has typically been supplied by secondary technologies, such as Dead-Reckoning, LORAN or more recently GPS. This paper will introduce a new technology that can provide fast, high-capacity, low-cost, mobile packet-data and simultaneous high-resolution radio-location from a single message stream transmitted by the vehicular mobile radio. It is based on an RF technology evolved from modern spread spectrum radar and on a unique airtime management protocol.
Cell cycle dependency of metastatic lung colony formation. (1977)

Recent experimental studies of magnetic domain expansion under easy-axis drive fields in materials with a perpendicular magnetic anisotropy have shown that the domain wall velocity is asymmetric as a function of an external in plane magnetic field. This is understood as a consequence of the inversion asymmetry of the system, yielding a finite chiral Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. Numerous attempts have been made to explain these observations using creep theory, but, in doing so, these have not included all contributions to the domain wall energy or have introduced additional free parameters. In this article we present a theory for creep motion of chiral domain walls in the creep regime that includes the most important contributions to the domain-wall energy and does not introduce new free parameters beyond the usual parameters that are included in the micromagnetic energy. Furthermore, we present experimental measurements of domain wall velocities as a function of in-plane field that are well decribed by our model, and from which material properties such as the strength of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction and the demagnetization field are extracted.
MODELLING THE IMPACT OF TRAFFIC ON QUALITY OF LIFE: SCENARIO EVALUATION FOR THE CITY OF GHENT (2012)

Traffic influences the people’s quality of life in various ways, both in a positive as in a negative sense. Traffic is inevitable in order to guarantee people’s accessibility to various types of functions. On the other hand, traffic noise, traffic emissions, road safety, threatens people health and well-being. Because quality of life is more and more under pressure because of the increasing traffic flows, traffic livability has become a key issue in nowadays’ (Flemish) traffic planning. Therefore it is remarkable that little research has been done about assessing the total impact of traffic on the quality of life of the surrounding areas. Methods that are currently commonly used in Flanders have some important restrictions, the most crucial one is that the impact of traffic is considered to be very local. This is remarkable because people’s quality of life depends on the whole living environment, covering a wider area. For this reason, a project was set up by the Flemish Policy Research Centre Mobility & Public Works in order to develop a model to give a better representation of the impact of traffic on quality of life. The main focus was to achieve a better simulation of people’s exposure to different types of traffic impacts by including not only the exposure at the home address, but also the impacts during activities at other locations and the impacts during trips.
Technique for reducing power consumption in CMOScircuits (1997)

With the advent of portable and high density microelectronic devices, the power dissipation of VLSI circuits is becoming a critical concern. A post-mapping technique is proposed that can reduce the power dissipation by performing gate resizing. Experiments performed on benchmark circuits have shown a power reduction in the range from 4.2 to 27.9% compared to circuits without resizing, with solutions obtained in a short computation time (no more than 8.5 s).
A Pocket Computer Program for Obstetric Ultrasound Calculations (1986)

A pocket computer program is currently being used to perform complicated obstetric ultrasound calculations at the Medical Center Hospital of Vermont. The program calculates decimal weeks between dates, gestational age from biparietal diameter, crown-rump length or femur length, total intrauterine volume, head-abdominal circumference ratios, projected gestational age from previous measurements, and estimated fetal weight. Calculations can be printed for a permanent record. The pocket computer program provides a convenient, accurate, and affordable method of obstetric ultrasound analysis.
Invasion of human coronary artery endothelial cells by <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> OMZ175 (2009)

Our findings highlight a potential role for S. mutans in the pathogenesis of certain cardiovascular diseases.
Reaction Rate Analysis of Nuclear Spallation Reactions Generated by 150, 190, and 235MeV Protons (2010)

At the National Cancer Center, proton irradiation experiments have been conducted using the cyclotron accelerator to measure the neutron spectrum by the foil activation method. The experimental results demonstrate that high-energy neutrons are bombarded by injecting high-energy protons onto the tungsten target. The agreement between the results of the experiments and the MCNPX calculations with ENDF/B-VI is around 20% in the relative difference of the C/E (calculation/experiment) values in some of the 209Bi(n, xn)210-x Bi reactions. Here, the activation foil 209Bi is useful in obtaining experimental neutron spectrum information on nuclear spallation reactions of the tungsten target by the high-energy protons ranging between 150 and 235MeV. The current experimental data could contribute to evaluating the accuracy of the numerical simulation methodology of reaction rates and the uncertainties of cross sections of 209Bi, as experimental benchmarks.
What you always wanted to know about Datalog (and never dared to ask) (1989)

Datalog, a database query language based on the logic programming paradigm, is described. The syntax and semantics of Datalog and its use for querying a relational database are presented. Optimization methods for achieving efficient evaluations of Datalog queries are classified, and the most relevant methods are presented. Various improvements of Datalog currently under study are discussed, and what is still needed in order to extend Datalog's applicability to the solution of real-life problems is indicated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
HIGH-RESOLUTION SPECTROSCOPY AND ANALYSIS OF THE $\nu_3/2\nu_4$ DYAD OF CF$_4$ (2009)

D. R. Worton, W. T. Sturges, L. K. Gohar {\em et al.\/T. Gabard, G. Pierre and M. Takami, {\em Mol. Phys.Ch. Wenger, V. Boudon, M. Rotger, M. Sanzharov and J.-P. Champion, {\em J. Mol. Spectrosc.D. Papousek, Z. Papouskova and D. P. Chong, {\em J. Phys. Chem.\/
The nature of the epinephrine-induced hyperlipidemia in dogs and its modification by glucose (1959)

Dogs receiving subcutaneous epinephrine in oil (1 mg. per kg.) showed a prompt but transient elevation in serum free fatty acids (FFA) and a delayed %-hour elevation of serum lipoproteins. On daily injections of epinephrine for 6 to 8 days the serum cholesterol rose to 91 per cent above control values and the phospholipid 53 per cent. The triglyceride response was smaller and quite variable. Little change was found in the d < 1.019 lipoprotein, a three to eightfold increase in the d = 1.019 to 1.063 fraction and a 15 to 41 per cent increase in the d = 1.063 to 121 fraction. Epinephrine prolonged alimentary lipidemia but did not inhibit disappearance of intravenously infused chylomicrons. By prior and concomitant administration of glucose the FFA elevation after epinephrine was prevented. Insulin alone also blocked the epinephrine-induced FFA response without parallel hyperglycemia, indicating that availability of glucose for effective tissue utilization rather than hyperglycemia per se controls the release of FFA. Despite the block in the FFA response to epinephrine by either glucose or insulin, there was a definite elevation of serum cholesterol and phospholipids at 24 hours, suggesting an at least partially independent lipoprotein mobilizing action of the hormone. The relation of these findings to stress-induced hypercholesterolemia is considered.
Numerical and experimental investigations of rarefied nozzle and plume flows of nitrogen (1991)

Numerical and experimental investigations are performed for the rarefied flow of nitrogen through a small nozzle which is expanded into near-vacuum conditions. Two different numerical studies are undertaken: the first employs a continuum approach in solving the Navier-Stokes equations, and the second employs a particle approach through use of the direct simulation Monte Carlo method (DSMC). The experimental investigation concerns the measurement of pressure, using a Pitot tube, in the nozzle exit plane and near-field of the plume. Comparison of the experimental and numerical data at the nozzle exit reveals that the DSMC technique provides the more accurate description of the expanding flow. It is discovered that the DSMC solutions are quite sensitive to the model employed to simulate the interaction between the gas and the nozzle wall surface. It is concluded that the simplistic fully diffuse model is quite satisfactory for the present application.
Predictive <i>in silico</i> Off-Target Profiling in Drug Discovery (2014)

Drug action can be rationalized as interaction of a molecule with proteins in a regulatory network of targets from a specific biological system. Both drug and side effects are often governed by interaction of the drug molecule with many, often unrelated, targets. Accordingly, arrays of protein-ligand interaction data from numerous in vitro profiling assays today provide growing evidence of polypharmacological drug interactions, even for marketed drugs. In vitro off-target profiling has therefore become an important tool in early drug discovery to learn about potential off-target liabilities, which are sometimes beneficial, but more often safety relevant. The rapidly developing field of in silico profiling approaches is complementing in vitro profiling. These approaches capitalize from large amounts of biochemical data from multiple sources to be exploited for optimizing undesirable side effects in pharmaceutical research. Therefore, current in silico profiling models are nowadays perceived as valuable tools in drug discovery, and promise a platform to support optimally informed decisions.
ChemInform Abstract: GRIGNARD‐TYPE ALLYLATION OF CARBONYL COMPOUNDS IN METHANOL BY ELECTROCHEMICALLY RECYCLED ALLYLTIN REAGENT (1985)

Abstract Aldehyde (I) reagieren mit Diallyl‐zinn (II), das in situ elektrochemisch aus Zinn und Allylbromid in Methanol regeneriert wird (Pt‐Elektroden 2 × 1,5 cm 2 ; 50 mA; 16 h; 3,5 F/mol), zu den Homo‐allyl‐alkoholen (III).
Optimal Fiducial Configuration in Image-Guided Neurosurgery Using a Genetic Algorithm (2010)

Image Guided Neurosurgery allows surgeons to navigate and localize lesion through the patient’s cranium with a 3D image guidance. The model of the head is reconstructed using pre-operative Computed Tomography (CT) or Magnetic Resonance (MR) images and real and virtual spaces are aligned by means of fiducial markers placed on the patient. In the paper a new method for the optimal placement of the fiducial markers in order to reduce misalignment is presented. Using routine diagnostic images a customized 3D model of the patient’s cranium is reconstructed. A genetic algorithm calculates optimal positions of the marker in order to minimize the Target Registration Error (TRE). The fiducial set is shown to the surgeons on the 3D model to help him/her in placement of them.
Understanding delamination for fast development of reliable packages for automotive applications. A consideration of adhesion by interlocking and anchoring (2014)

Thermo-mechanical stress caused by the mismatch of coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) and temperature variations remain a major concern for the reliability of semiconductor components. This issue is usually addressed by exposing the component to temperature cycling stress tests for a certain number of cycles, followed by e.g. scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM) to investigate delamination. Discussions about specific cycling conditions, e.g. using −65 °C/+175 °C instead of −55 °C/+150 °C for the minimum and maximum temperatures of the cycles or even using liquid-liquid instead of air to air cycling to speed up investigations [1], are often moot, because no real understanding of the effect of the cycling conditions on the component is available. Furthermore, it is almost a truism that testing alone does not suffice to ensure the reliability of a component. Reliability has to be built into the components from the beginning. As a consequence, the question should be turned around: it is not enough to look at delamination after a certain number of cycles in a stress test. The question is rather how the component should be designed and how the materials should be chosen to prevent delamination. Thus, the focus is changed from measuring delamination to measuring adhesion. In the previous paper [6] an approach for a better understanding of adhesion in terms of possible material combinations, temperature influence (ageing, delamination due to critical induced stress) and topology of interfaces was presented. This paper focuses on methods to reduce interfacial stresses in order to reduce the risk of delamination.
Ultrabroadband detection of multi-terahertz field transients with GaSe electro-optic sensors: Approaching the near infrared (2004)

Field-resolved detection of ultrabroadband infrared pulses is implemented with GaSe crystals. Via phase matching, we extend the detectable frequency range toward the near infrared (λ=2.5μm) and directly record transform-limited pulses as short as 28fs with a 3dB bandwidth of 41THz. The continuous tunability of the center frequency over a wide interval ranging from 31THz to the far-infrared is demonstrated using thick sensors.
Characterization of supercritical reactive flow for hypersonic real-time application (2009)

In the framework of the hypersonic propulsion, with cooled engine by endothermic hydrocarbon fuel, it is necessary to provide adapted measurement methods for the cooling regulation as for the control of the engine thrust. The sensors should be robust because of the extreme in-flight conditions, of vehicle acceleration and vibration, of the fluid temperature (1500 K) and pressure (3.5 MPa) and of the multi-component supercritical mixture. Their response time should be lower than one second. Therefore, a large range of real time and on line measurement methods has been tested and some of these methods among the most promising are presented in this paper. The aim is not to necessarily develop a new technology but to evaluate the feasibility and the adaptability of existing ones for our purpose, even if those are not especially dedicated for it. Numerical evaluation is firstly conducted then some of the techniques are experimentally tested. Two of them, the sonic throat and the Fourier Transform Infra Red spectroscopy (FTIR), appear to be particularly promising and allow uncertainties of few percents. The first one allows evaluating the mass flow rate of a supercritical reactive mixture. The second one characterizes the chemical composition before injection in the combustion chamber, for mole fraction greater than 5 %. Copyright Â© 2009 by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc.
Mobility and the distribution of free volume in epoxy network by photochromic labeling and probe studies (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMobility and the distribution of free volume in epoxy network by photochromic labeling and probe studiesWei Ching Yu and Chong Sook Paik SungCite this: Macromolecules 1988, 21, 2, 365–371Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00180a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00180a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views241Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Chain Elongation of Carbohydrates: Synthesis of C‐Glycosides and C‐Nucleosides from Glyconic and Glycaric Acids. (1989)

Abstract Chain elongation of the peracetylated glyconic acid (I) via the C‐phenylglycine method followed by ring closure and rearrangements yields the allyl compounds (III) which are used for the preparation of C‐nucleosides of type (VI) and (IX) and C‐glycosides, e. g. (XII).
Mass spectrometry in structural and stereochemical problems—CLXXII: The electron‐impact promoted fragmentation of 1,2‐cyclohexanediol (1969)

Abstract The mass spectra of 1,2‐cyclohexanediol and important data from the spectra of four deuterium labeled analogs have been recorded and mechanistic rationalizations are given for the most important degradation processes observed. Multiple mechanisms are required to explain the indicated peak shifts in the labeled analogs. Particularly relevant is the initial loss of water from the molecular ion, which involves at least four distinct processes.
Neil3 and NEIL1 DNA Glycosylases Remove Oxidative Damages from Quadruplex DNA and Exhibit Preferences for Lesions in the Telomeric Sequence Context (2013)

The telomeric DNA of vertebrates consists of d(TTAGGG)n tandem repeats, which can form quadruplex DNA structures in vitro and likely in vivo. Despite the fact that the G-rich telomeric DNA is susceptible to oxidation, few biochemical studies of base excision repair in telomeric DNA and quadruplex structures have been done. Here, we show that telomeric DNA containing thymine glycol (Tg), 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG), guanidinohydantoin (Gh), or spiroiminodihydantoin (Sp) can form quadruplex DNA structures in vitro. We have tested the base excision activities of five mammalian DNA glycosylases (NEIL1, NEIL2, mNeil3, NTH1, and OGG1) on these lesion-containing quadruplex substrates and found that only mNeil3 had excision activity on Tg in quadruplex DNA and that the glycosylase exhibited a strong preference for Tg in the telomeric sequence context. Although Sp and Gh in quadruplex DNA were good substrates for mNeil3 and NEIL1, none of the glycosylases had activity on quadruplex DNA containing 8-oxoG. In addition, NEIL1 but not mNeil3 showed enhanced glycosylase activity on Gh in the telomeric sequence context. These data suggest that one role for Neil3 and NEIL1 is to repair DNA base damages in telomeres in vivo and that Neil3 and Neil1 may function in quadruplex-mediated cellular events, such as gene regulation via removal of damaged bases from quadruplex DNA.
Differential competitive learning for centroid estimation and phoneme recognition (1991)

A comparison is made of a differential-competitive-learning (DCL) system with two supervised competitive-learning (SCL) systems for centroid estimation and for phoneme recognition. DCL provides a form of unsupervised adaptive vector quantization. Standard stochastic competitive-learning systems learn only if neurons win a competition for activation induced by randomly sampled patterns. DCL systems learn only if the competing neurons change their competitive signal. Signal-velocity information provides unsupervised local reinforcement during learning. The sign of the neuronal signal derivative rewards winners and punishes losers. Standard competitive learning ignores instantaneous win-rate information. Synaptic fan-in vectors adaptively quantize the randomly sampled pattern space into nearest-neighbor decision classes. More generally, the synaptic-vector distribution estimates the unknown sampled probability density function p( x). Simulations showed that unsupervised DCL-trained synaptic vectors converged to class centroids at least as fast as, and wandered less about these centroids than, SCL-trained synaptic vectors did. Simulations on a small set of English phonemes favored DCL over SCL for classification accuracy.
Nucleophilic substitutions using <i>O</i>‐alkyl‐<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>′‐dialkylisoureas. Applications to ephedrines (1994)

Abstract Dialkylcarbodiimides in the presence of a Cu 1 catalyst react cleanly with the hydroxyl group of N‐methylated (1 R ,2 S )‐ephedrine and (1 S ,2 S )‐pseudoephedrine. These adducts react with nucleophiles like alkyl and aryl thiols as well as thioic acids and phthalimide to form the substitution products with overall retention of configuration. It is postulated that intramolecular participation of the amino group via an S N 2 reaction leads to aziridium salts, which are subsequently opened by the nucleophiles via a second S N 2 reaction. This synthetic approach is also useful for the inversion of simple secondary alcohols; on treatment with dicyclohexylcarbodiimide followed by benzothioic acid and treatment with LiAlH 4 , menthol was converted in good yield to neomenthane thiol.
<b>Introducing mutations into a chromosomal rRNA gene using a genetically modified eubacterial host with a single rRNA operon</b> (1996)

Gene-inactivation techniques were employed to construct a eubacterial organism harbouring a single functional rRNA operon. This mutant of Mycobacterium smegmatis permits replacement of the single remaining rRNA operon with a homologous fragment from a vector-borne gene. By homologous recombination with the chromosome a plasmid-borne rDNA segment with resistance markers substitutes for the corresponding region of the chromosomal rRNA operon, resulting in a homogeneous population of mutated ribosomes in the cell. As a first result we demonstrate that the single allelic knock-out strain allows for isolation of rRNA mutants with a drug-resistant phenotype, circumventing the problem of recessivity which prohibits the isolation of such mutants in organisms with multiple rRNA operons. Subsequently, by allelic exchange experiments, it was demonstrated that the rRNA mutation found indeed confers drug resistance in vivo. This system provides intriguing potential for the study of the structure and function of ribosomal RNAs.