gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
HASE: Framework for efficient high-dimensional association analyses (2016)

Abstract High-throughput technology can now provide rich information on a person’s biological makeup and environmental surroundings. Important discoveries have been made by relating these data to various health outcomes in fields such as genomics, proteomics, and medical imaging. However, cross-investigations between several high-throughput technologies remain impractical due to demanding computational requirements (hundreds of years of computing resources) and unsuitability for collaborative settings (terabytes of data to share). Here we introduce the HASE framework that overcomes both of these issues. Our approach dramatically reduces computational time from years to only hours and also requires several gigabytes to be exchanged between collaborators. We implemented a novel meta-analytical method that yields identical power as pooled analyses without the need of sharing individual participant data. The efficiency of the framework is illustrated by associating 9 million genetic variants with 1.5 million brain imaging voxels in three cohorts (total N = 4,034) followed by meta-analysis, on a standard computational infrastructure. These experiments indicate that HASE facilitates high-dimensional association studies enabling large multicenter association studies for future discoveries.
Part-based recognition of 3-D objects with application to shape modeling in hearing aid manufacturing (2014)

In order to meet the needs of people with hearing loss today hearing aids are custom designed. Increasingly accurate 3-D scanning technology has contributed to the transition from conventional production scenarios to software based processes. Nonetheless, there is a tremendous amount of manual work involved to transform an input 3-D surface mesh of the outer ear into a ﬁnal hearing aid shape. This manual work is often cumbersome and requires lots of experience which is why automatic solutions are of high practical relevance. This work is concerned with the recognition of 3-D surface meshes of ear implants. In particular we present a semantic part-labeling framework which signiﬁcantly outperforms existing approaches for this task. We make at least three contributions which may also be found useful for other classes of 3-D meshes. Firstly, we validate the discriminative performance of several local descriptors and show that the majority of them performs poorly on our data except for 3-D shape contexts. The reason for this is that many local descriptor schemas are not rich enough to capture subtle variations in form of bends which is typical for organic shapes. Secondly, based on the observation that the left and the right outer ear of an individual look very similar we raised the question how similar the ear shapes among arbitrary individuals are? In this work, we deﬁne a notion of distance between ear shapes as building block of a non-parametric shape model of the ear to better handle the anatomical variability in ear implant labeling. Thirdly, we introduce a conditional random ﬁeld model with a variety of label priors to facilitate the semantic part-labeling of 3-D meshes of ear implants. In particular we introduce the concept of a global parametric transition prior to enforce transition boundaries between adjacent object parts with an a priori known parametric form. In this way we were able to overcome the issue of inadequate geometric cues (e.g., ridges, bumps, concavities) as natural indicators for the presence of part boundaries. The last part of this work oﬀers an outlook to possible extensions of our methods, in particular the development of 3-D descriptors that are fast to compute whilst at the same time rich enough to capture the characteristic diﬀerences between objects residing in the same class.
Framing and Schedule Dissemination for Multi-hop TDMA-based Wireless Networks (2008)

TDMA-based protocols with a connection setup mechanism can be used to pro-vide QoS guarantees in a network. Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) are multi-hop in nature and supporting QoS intensive application on them requires multi-hop TDMA-based protocol. However, most designs of TDMA-based protocols are limited to single-hop based settings. In this work, we have designed, implemented and evaluated a centrally-controlled TDMA-based MAC protocol for multi-hop wireless networks. To accommodate the changing traffic requirements of the network, the protocol makes use of dynamic scheduling, and therefore, has a mechanism for schedule dissemination. This makes it suitable for real-time voice/video applications. Our design is not limited to any particular wireless technology. The imple-mentation is carried out on tmote-sky. The achieved throughput is upto 90 % of the optimal throughput, which is good enough to support 1-2 GSM-quality voice calls si-multaneously over three hops, and even more, over lesser number of hops. We have
[Sensitivity S of film-screen systems and mode of operation of different automatic exposure systems in general practice conditions. II: Automatic exposure systems]. (1997)

A new method is presented to check several automatic exposure control systems (AEC) for their suitability in radiological image production. It is based on measurements of dose and density with water as an absorbing and scattering medium. The characteristic curves of an AEC can be recorded, i.e., in what way is the dose K in the image receptor plane regulated by the AEC in dependence on the different radiation qualities and the specific water volume. These characteristics can be compared with several screen-film systems (SFS), i.e., which dose K is required by the SFS in dependence on the X ray tube voltage (kV) to get the net density of Dn = 1.00. It is possible to check the way of operating of an AEC with sufficient accuracy but less time and energy are needed. The disparity of the characteristics of AEC and SFS and their results on radiological examination are discussed.
Combinação Convexa de Filtros H2 e H-infinito para Equalização Adaptativa (2008)

Resumo-Neste trabalho, os critrios de otimizac o H2 e H so brevemente discutidos e a utilizac o dos filtros H2 e H resultantes avaliada no contexto da equalizac o adaptativa de canal. A complementaridade dos critrios, com o primeiro apresentando desempenho mdio superior e o segundo sendo apropriado em situac es de "pior caso", sugere uma combinac o de suas caractersticas. Portanto, uma combinac o convexa entre os filtros realizada, a qual resulta em uma estrutura que apresenta desempenho em termos de erro quadrtico mdio no mnimo igual (e em algumas condic es superior) ao desempenho individual do melhor dos dois filtros.
Comparability of prostate trials (1993)

The present overview of advanced prostate cancer required the identification of randomized clinical trials studying the question of maximal androgen blockade versus the classic castration therapy. The heterogeneity of the trials concerned the type of castration (surgical or chemical) and the type of antiandrogen (flutamide, Anandron, or cyproterone acetate) added to castration. This paper reviews the different types of heterogeneity that might exist among trials that are involved in the overview: study design, randomization procedure, treatment evaluation, statistical evaluation, and data maturity. In order to overcome these various types of heterogeneity and to compare like with like, the treatment comparison should be stratified a posteriori by question (i.e., type of castration or type of anti-androgen studied) and by study. In this way, one may draw valid conclusions. Of course, those trials with a larger number of patients and a longer follow-up will contribute more to the overview's results.
Bell trajectories for revealing quantum control mechanisms (2003)

The dynamics induced while controlling quantum systems by optimally shaped laser pulses have often been difficult to understand in detail. A method is presented for quantifying the importance of specific sequences of quantum transitions involved in the control process. The method is based on a ``beable'' formulation of quantum mechanics due to John Bell that rigorously maps the quantum evolution onto an ensemble of stochastic trajectories over a classical state space. Detailed mechanism identification is illustrated with a model seven-level system. A general procedure is presented to extract mechanism information directly from closed-loop control experiments. Application to simulated experimental data for the model system proves robust with up to 25% noise.
Synthesis, cytotoxicity and DNA cross-linking activity of symmetrical dimers based upon the epoxide domain of the azinomycins (2000)

A series of dimeric compounds 1a–c designed around the epoxide domain of the azinomycins have been synthesised and demonstrated to be highly efficient DNA interstrand cross-linking agents.
Differential expression of three chick FGF receptor genes, FGFR1, FGFR2 and FGFR3, in limb and feather development. (1993)

Expression patterns of three fibroblast growth factor receptor genes, FGFR1 (cek1), FGFR2 (cek3) and FGFR3 (cek2), were observed in limb and feather morphogenesis. Expression of FGFR1 was observed in the mesoderm of limb bud, in the mesenchyme just underneath the feather placode, and then in the anterior mesenchyme of the feather bud. While expression of FGFR2 was observed in both surface ectoderm and mesenchymal aggregates corresponding to the future bones of the limb, the mesenchyme between the feather placode, and surface ectoderm of feather buds. Expression of FGFR3 was observed rather ubiquitously over mesoderm of limb and feather buds. Differential expression of these FGF receptor genes suggested that differential roles of these receptors in epithelia-mesenchymal interactions of limb and feather morphogenesis.
A Hexacyclic Estrone Derivative (1998)

The structure of 3,6'-dimethoxy-1',2'α,3'β,4'-tetrahydroquinolino[3',2':16,17]estra-1,3,5(10)-triene, C 27 H 33 NO 2 , is reported.
Design, modeling, and characterization of passive channels for data rates of 50 Gbps and beyond (2014)

The design of interconnects for links operating at 50 Gbps and beyond is very challenging. The loss, dispersion, and discontinuities along the signaling path have to be minimized over a wide frequency range. Frequency dependent material properties and surface roughness has to be accurately considered. The impacts of short via stubs that are ignored at lower data rates can severely degrade the signals when operating at higher data rates. In order to provide ways to mitigate these effects and optimize the performance of the system, it is primarily essential to correctly model and characterize the passive channel. In this paper, the modeling and characterization techniques that guarantee successful designs of passive channels for data rates of 50 Gbps and beyond will be presented. Detailed studies and measurement results on the effects of short via stubs are also presented.
Risk factors of obesity among Brazilian adolescents: a case–control study (2003)

The present study showed that a family history of obesity, overweight during childhood and the habit of dieting for weight-loss purposes are factors associated with obesity during adolescence. The habit of having more than three daily meals turned out to be a protective factor against overweight. These results suggest the necessity for early intervention at the family and general community levels aimed at the prevention of obesity through actions directed towards the modification of established behaviours.
<i>In vitro</i>allelopathic effects of extracts and amenthoflavone from<i>Byrsonima crassa</i>(Malpighiaceae) (2007)

Abstract Extracts and pure amenthoflavone isolated from Byrsonima crassa (Malpighiaceae), a shrub growing in the semi-arid region of Brazil Cerrado, were evaluated in vitro, at different doses, for their effects on tomato seed germination and subsequent growth of seedlings. A hydromethanolic extract showed general stimulatory effects. The EtOAc extract stimulated root elongation and root weight of tomato; shoot elongation was inhibited, while shoot weight was not altered. The pure amenthoflavone isolated from the plant, stimulated shoot elongation at concentrations ranging between 10−4 M and 10−6 M.
Acanthus montanus: An experimental evaluation of the antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and immunological properties of a traditional remedy for furuncles (2008)

The effectiveness of the root of A. montanus in the treatment of furuncles may largely derive from mobilization of leukocytes to the site of the infection and activation of phagocytic activity as well as suppression of exacerbated immune responses by its constituents. Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities are likely contributory mechanisms. Phytochemical constituents such as alkaloids and carbohydrates may be responsible for these pharmacological activities.
Implementing Effective Quality Control for Point-Of-Care Coagulation Testing (2002)

Point of Care: The Journal of Near-Patient Testing & Technology: September 2002 - Volume 1 - Issue 3 - p 222-227
Application and Challenges in Using LC–MS Assays for Absolute Quantitative Analysis of Therapeutic Proteins in Drug Discovery (2014)

As more protein therapeutics enter the drug-discovery pipeline, the traditional ligand-binding assay (LBA) faces additional challenges to meet the rapid and diverse bioanalytical needs in the early drug-discovery stage. The high specificity and sensitivity afforded by LC-MS, along with its rapid method development, is proving invaluable for the analysis of protein therapeutics in support of drug discovery. LC-MS not only serves as a quantitative tool to complement LBA in drug discovery, it also provides structural details at a molecular level, which are used to address issues that cannot be resolved using LBA alone. This review will describe the key benefits and applications, as well as the techniques and challenges for applying LC-MS to support protein quantification in drug discovery.
Broad band and absolute measurement of transient dynamic normal velocity of surface (1998)

Broad band direct sensing of the transient dynamic normal velocity of an object surface and evaluating its absolute value were realized by using a sensor fabricated with a piezoelectric polyvinylidene fluoride film and a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) back load and a PVC wear plate. The transient output signal from the sensor obtained by a test employing a well-defined steplike force, at the epicenter of a steel plate, showed very good agreement with the dynamic normal velocity calculated by using a Green’s function and a simulated source function. The output was proportional to the dynamic normal velocity of the surface, and the frequency-dependent sensitivity for the velocity was flat within a deviation of ±3.8 dB for the average in the frequency range up to 2 MHz. The transient dynamic normal velocity of the surface could be absolutely determined by using a sensor calibrated by theoretical one.
Anti-inflammatory medicinal plants and the molecular mechanisms underlying their activities (2015)

Background: Medicinal plant and plant products have shown tremendous potentials and are used  beneficially in the treatment of inflammation and in the management of diseases with significant  inflammatory components. Many medicinal plants employed as anti-inflammatory and antiphlogistic remedies lack the gastro-erosive side effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) or the  plethora of unwanted side effects associated with steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In order to harness and optimise the applications of these herbs in inflammatory diseases, there is a need to understand how these herbs produce their anti-inflammatory actions. Materials and Methods : This paper is a review of some anti-inflammatory herbs and their molecular mechanisms of action. A literature search and analysis of published manuscript was employed to x-ray research findings that show how medicinal plants produce anti-inflammatory activities. Results : Many studies have shown that anti-inflammatory activities of herbal extracts and herb-derived compounds are mainly due to their inhibition of arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism, cyclo-oxygenase  (COX), lipo-oxygenase (LOX), pro-inflammatory cytokines, inducible nitric oxide, and transcription activation factor (NF-eB). Some anti-inflammatory medicinal herbs are reported to stabilize lysosomal membrane and some cause the uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation of intracellular signalling  molecules. Many have also been shown to possess strong oxygen radical scavenging activities. Conclusion: Most of the mechanisms by which anti-inflammatory medicinal plants act are related and many herbal products have been shown to act through a combination of these molecular pathways. Key words : Medicinal plants, antiinflammatory, mechanism of action, molecular pathways.
Fast Performance Prediction of Iterative MMSE-IC Receivers in MU-MIMO CDMA Systems (2009)

Abstract-This paper presents a semi-analytical method to predict the performance of iterative interference cancellers used in advanced multiuser MIMO CDMA systems. At the receiver side, the orthogonality between codes is restored by a chip rate equalization allowing the transmitted symbols to be subsequently estimated by a simple correlations. The proposed prediction method is based on Signal to Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR) tracking and Average Mutual Information (AMI) compression. Therefore, the SINR at symbol level after despreading is analytically derived and injected into the algorithm. Simulations confirm that the method provides accurate performance prediction and is fast enough to be integrated in radio resource management and link adaptation mechanisms of advanced MIMO CDMA/MC-CDMA systems using powerful interference cancellation techniques.
Degradation of CD4 following phorbol-induced internalization in human T lymphocytes. Evidence for distinct endocytic routing of CD4 and CD3. (1992)

Exposure of T lymphocytes to phorbol esters induces endocytosis of CD4 and the CD3/T-cell receptor complex. We compared the pathway of CD4 internalization to that of CD3 following activation of human T lymphocytes with phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu). Both CD3 and CD4 were rapidly internalized in response to PDBu, but only CD3, and not CD4, was recycled to the cell surface after removal of PDBu. In support of a degradative fate for internalized CD4, radioimmuno-precipitation studies revealed that the total amount of cellular CD4 was reduced by greater than 90% after exposure to PDBu for 4 h, whereas total CD3 remained constant. PDBu induced CD4 capping and localization consistent with sequestration in intracellular vesicles, presumably lysosomes, prior to becoming degraded. Lysosomotropic agents, such as NH4Cl, chloroquine, and monensin inhibited CD4 degradation, consistent with a lysosomal fate for CD4. Internalization and degradation of CD4 was blocked by staurosporine, an inhibitor of protein kinase C suggestive of a role for protein kinase C in the endocytic fate of CD4. The results of this study demonstrate that CD3 and CD4 follow distinct endocytic pathways which may be relevant to their having distinct roles in T cell activation and function.
Prescribing analgesics (1997)

To determine if patient age or physician specialty influences the willingness to prescribe pain medication, a mail survey was made of all emergency physicians, family practice physicians, and pediatricians listed as practicing in a single, middle sized, urban county in the southwest. The survey instrument presented a typical case of otitis media complicated only by pain so severe that the patient had been unable to sleep. Physicians were asked specifically if they would prescribe an analgesic and if so what kind. Emergency and family practice physicians were presented on a random basis with cases that were identical except the age was given at two or 22 years old. Pediatricians were given only the two year old. Eighty percent (137/165) of the surveys were completed and returned. Only 28% of the physicians would prescribe medications stronger than acetaminophen or nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. There was a trend toward more narcotic analgesics for the 22 year old (41 vs 22% Fisher's exact test P = 0.03). Emergency physicians were the most generous, prescribing narcotics (codeine or oxycodone compounds) half the time (50%) versus one quarter of the time (22%) for family practice physicians and pediatricians (Fisher's exact test, P < 0.01). Pediatricians and family practice physicians did not differ (20 vs. 25%, P = 0.8). Potent analgesics are rarely prescribed by our sample physicians. Children are somewhat less likely to receive narcotics than adults with the same complaint. Emergency physicians are more likely to prescribe potent analgesics than are family practice physicians or pediatricians.
Acute Blood Flow Changes in Rapidly Expanded and Adjacent Skin (1989)

Random flaps raised in expanded skin demonstrate increased survival lengths when compared with flaps raised on an acute basis. Nutritive blood flow studies performed after skin expansion and elevation show augmented blood flows similar to those seen in conventionally delayed skin flaps. We utilized dermofluorometric analysis to study acute blood flow changes in sequentially, rapidly expanded porcine skin. Four subcutaneous pockets were developed in each of six pigs. The pockets were divided into the following three groups: (1) those with placement of a tissue expander inflated sequentially to 300 mL over four days and then totally deflated on day 6, (2) those with placement of a tissue expander that was not inflated, and (3) those with no tissue expander placed. Measurements were taken immediately before and after tissue expander manipulation in group 1 and daily in groups 2 and 3. Fluorescence was determined at points over and 4, 7, and 10 cm distal to the expander. Blood flow decreased immediately after skin expansion in areas over the tissue expander on days 0 and 1 and returned to baseline levels within 24 hours. Blood flow increased after tissue expander deflation on day 6 but returned to predeflation levels within 24 hours. Capillary blood flow increased over the duration of the study in all three groups. There was no significant difference in blood flow between and among the three groups on day 8, nor was there a significant difference in blood flow between and among sites over and distal to the tissue expander.