gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Component-Based Robotic Engineering (Part II) (2010)

This article is the second of a two-part series intended as an introduction to component-based software engineering (CBSE) in robotics. In Part I, we regarded a component as a piece of software that implements robotic functionality. The focus was on the design principles and implementation guidelines that enable the development of reusable and maintainable software building blocks. In Part II, we discuss the role of software components as architectural units of large, possibly distributed, software-intensive robotic systems. The focus is on technologies to manage the heterogeneity of hardware, computational, and communication resources and on design techniques to assemble components into systems.
The Internet is changing the music industry (2001)

article The Internet is changing the music industryCommunications of the ACMVolume 44Issue 8Aug. 2001 pp 62–68https://doi.org/10.1145/381641.381658Published:01 August 2001Publication History 43citation20,800DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations43Total Downloads20,800Last 12 Months231Last 6 weeks7 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Multiplex pressure measurement in microsystems using volume displacement of particle suspensions (2009)

We demonstrate a simple image-based method to measure pressure in microsystems using volume displacement of fluorescent particle suspensions. These micro pressure-sensors are composed of two layers with a poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) membrane in between: the flow layer includes a flow channel and the sensor layer contains a detection channel filled with suspensions of fluorescent particles. The pressure increase in the flow channel deflects the membrane, and this membrane deformation can be quantified by measuring the cross-sectional areas at specific focal planes. These simple sensors have the advantage that a broad sensing-range can be achieved by tuning the mechanical property and the geometry of the membrane during design and fabrication, and even simpler by tuning the focal plane or the pressure of a reference chamber while in operation. We also demonstrate here a pressure transduction scheme coupled with the image-based sensing method as a multiplex pressure measurement tool for simultaneously detecting pressures in multiple locations in a microsystem. Overall, the image-based pressure sensing method has high precision when operated in both direct and remote detection modes. Compared to conventional mechanical methods of pressure detection, this technique is inexpensive because it does not require complex off-chip equipment to quantify the pressure-dependent membrane deformation. In addition, the image analysis using the software code developed here is fast, and it generates data that are simple to interpret.
Posttrauma cotreatment with lithium and valproate: reduction of lesion volume, attenuation of blood-brain barrier disruption, and improvement in motor coordination in mice with traumatic brain injury (2013)

Cotreatment with subeffective doses of lithium and VPA significantly attenuated TBI-induced brain lesion, BBB disruption, and neurodegeneration, and robustly improved long-term functional recovery. These findings suggest that potentiating histone acetylation by HDAC inhibition is probably part of the mechanism underlying the beneficial effects associated with this combined treatment for TBI. Because both lithium and VPA have a long history of safe clinical use, the results suggest that using a combination of these 2 agents at subtherapeutic doses to treat patients with TBI may also reduce side effects and enhance tolerability.
Assessment of the impact of fuel management in<i>Pinus tabulaeformis</i>forests in the Beijing West Mountain Area (2015)

森林可燃物调控及其影响评价研究是可燃物管理的基础,对减少火灾的发生具有重要的意义。在北京西山实验林场,选取华北地区典型针叶林-油松林(Pinus tabulaeformis),设立4块20m×20m样地,通过对林分可燃物分布特征的调查和分析,制定以修枝、割灌为主的调控措施,对比研究调控与未调控林分林下植被多样性和优势灌木的光合生理特性。研究结果表明:(1)不同油松林可燃物垂直分布特征表现为0-3m层可燃物负荷量最大(平均为1053.94 g/m<sup>2</sup>),且可燃物种类最多,随着高度的增加可燃物的负荷量均呈现减少的趋势。(2)调控林分林下优势灌木(主要为孩儿拳头和黑枣)最大净光合速率、光饱和点、光补偿点、暗呼吸速率均比对照增加;而表观量子效率则减小。(3)不同的可燃物调控措施改变了林下植被多样性;不同调控措施的草本层物种丰富度、物种多样性、物种优势度以及物种均匀度均高于对照林分。由此可见,森林可燃物调控措施对林下植被多样性和优势物种的光合生理特性均有影响。研究结果可为森林可燃物管理提供科学依据。
Phase noise and laser-cooling limits of optomechanical oscillators (2009)

The noise from laser phase fluctuation sets a major technical obstacle to cool the nanomechanical oscillators to the quantum region. We propose a cooling configuration based on the optomechanical coupling with two cavity modes to significantly reduce this phase noise by ${(2{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{m}/\ensuremath{\gamma})}^{2}$ times, where ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{m}$ is the frequency of the mechanical mode and $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ is the decay rate of the cavity mode. We also discuss the detection of the phonon number when the mechanical oscillator is cooled near the quantum region and specify the required conditions for this detection.
The inhibition of vaccinia virus multiplication by isatin-beta-thiosemicarbazone. (1965)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Surface plasmon resonance method for probing interactions in nanostructures: CdS nanoparticles linked to Au and Ag substrates by self-assembled hexanedithiol and aminoethanethiol monolayers (2001)

Self-assembled hexanedithiol (HDT) and aminoethanethiol (AET) monolayers (SAMs), ∼0.4–0.8 nm in thickness, are used to link ∼5 nm diam CdS nanoparticles covalently and electrostatically onto Au and Ag substrates. The resulting nanostructures are probed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) measurements. The CdS nanoparticle–SAM–substrate interactions manifesting themselves in the dielectric functions of the multilayered systems, are detected in the SPR data, and are discussed in terms of a phenomenological six-layer model. The SPR response of the Ag substrate is more sensitive to neighboring interactions than the Au substrate. The SEM images show that the CdS, connected either by HDT or AET onto Ag substrates, forms crystalline structures. The interactions responsible for this crystallization are absent in samples employing Au substrates, in which case only ∼5 nm diam CdS nanoparticles are detected by SEM. The experimental results of the present article, analyzed in detail using Fresnel and Maxwell equations, demonstrate how the SPR technique can be used to characterize layered nanostructured materials.
Multinational Trials—Recommendations on the Translations Required, Approaches to Using the Same Language in Different Countries, and the Approaches to Support Pooling the Data: The ISPOR Patient-Reported Outcomes Translation and Linguistic Validation Good Research Practices Task Force Report (2008)

It is hoped that this report and the decision tools proposed will assist those involved with multinational trials to 1) decide on the translations required for each country; 2) choose the approach to use when the same language is spoken in more than one country; and 3) choose methods to gather evidence to support the pooling of data collected using different language versions of the same tool.
Production and Heat Properties of an X-ray Reflective Anode Based on a Diamond Heat Buffer Layer (2020)

This paper introduces an X-ray reflective anode with a diamond heat buffer layer, so as to improve heat dissipation of micro-focus X-ray sources. This also aids in avoiding the destruction of the anode target surface caused by the accumulation of heat generated by the electron beam bombardment in the focal spot area. In addition to the description of the production process of the new reflective anode, this study focuses more on the research of the thermal conductivity and compounding ability. This paper also introduces a method that combines finite element analysis (FEA) in conjunction with thermal conductivity experiments, and subsequently demonstrates the credibility of this method. It was found that due to diamonds having a high thermal conductivity and melting point, high heat flux produced in the micro-focus spot region of the anode could be conducted and removed rapidly, which ensured the thermal stability of the anode. Experiments with the power parameters of the radiation source were also completed and showed an improvement in the power limit twice that of the original.
Tendencies in Theological Education in America (1924)

This article is based on a thoroughgoing survey authorized by the Institute of Social and Religious Research and carried on by the Council of Church Boards of Education. It reveals facts which should be pondered by all who are interested in theological education. It discloses the serious attempt by many seminaries to adapt the courses of study to the religious needs of today.
Base-induced reaction of acetylacetone with substituted benzoquinones (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBase-induced reaction of acetylacetone with substituted benzoquinonesRonald J. WikholmCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 3, 382–384Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00203a019https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00203a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views298Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
تأثیر نسبت پرشدن بر عملکرد و ضریب انتقال حرارت در تبخیرکننده و چگالنده ترموسیفون (لوله گرمایی بدون فتیله) (2010)

ترموسیفون، به دلیل ویژگی�های منحصربه فرد، جایگاه ویژه�ای در سیستم�های بهینه�سازی مصرف و بازیافت انرژی یافته �است. این مقاله، به بررسی تأثیر نسبت پرشدن، بر ضریب انتقال حرارت بخش های تبخیرکننده و چگالنده و همچنین عملکرد کلی ترموسیفون می پردازد. بدین منظور یک نمونه آزمایشگاهی ترموسیفون، از جنس مس به قطر داخلی mm5/17 و قطر خارجی mm19 و طول m1 طراحی و ساخته شد. طول بخش�های تبخیرکننده، بی�دررو و چگالنده به ترتیب 40، 20 و cm40 بود. آب یون زدایی، با نسبت�های پرشدن 3/0، 5/0 و 8/0 درون ترموسیفون تزریق شد. دمای نقاط مختلف ترموسیفون و دمای آب ورودی و خروجی چگالنده و همچنین فشار بخار در انتهای بالایی ترموسیفون ثبت شد. درنهایت بالاترین عملکرد ترموسیفون بین این سه حالت در نسبت پرشدن 5/0 مشاهده شد. به علاوه�، حداکثر ضریب انتقال حرارت بخش�های تبخیرکننده و چگالنده نیز در این محدوده قرار داشت.
Hydration and sweating responses to hot‐weather football competition (2010)

During a football match played in warm (34.3 ± 0.6 °C), humid (64 ± 2% rh) conditions, 22 male players had their pre-match hydration status, body mass change, sweat loss and drinking behavior assessed. Pre-match urine specific gravity (1.012 ± 0.006) suggested that all but three players commenced the match euhydrated. Players lost 3.1 ± 0.6 L of sweat and 45 ± 9 mmol of sodium during the 90-min match and replaced 55 ± 19% of their sweat losses and hence by the end of the game were 2.2 ± 0.9% lighter. The water volume consumed during the game was highly variable (1653 ± 487 mL; 741-2387 mL) but there was a stronger relationship between the estimated pre-game hydration status and water volume consumed, than between sweat rate and water volume consumed. In a second match, with the same players 2 weeks later in 34.4 ± 0.6 °C, 65 ± 3% rh, 11 players had a sports drink available to them before and during the match in addition to water. Total drink volume consumed during the match was the same, but approximately half the volume was consumed as sports drink. The results indicate that substantial sweat water and electrolyte losses can occur during match play in hot conditions and a substantial water and sodium deficit can occur in many players even when water or sports drink is freely available.
Reactive compatibilization of polyamide-6 (PA 6)/polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) blends by a multifunctional epoxy resin (2000)

A multifunctional epoxy resin has been demonstrated to be an efficient reactive compatibilizer for the incompatible and immiscible blends of polyamide-6 (PA 6) and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT). The torque measurements give indirect evidence that the reaction between PA and PBT with epoxy has an opportunity to produce an in situ formed copolymer, which can be as an effective compatibilizer to reduce and suppress the size of the disperse phase, and to greatly enhance mechanical properties of PA/PBT blends. The mechanical property improvement is more pronounced in the PA-rich blends than that in the PBT-rich blends. The fracture behavior of the blend with less than 0.3 phr compatibilizer is governed by a particle pullout mechanism, whereas shear yielding is dominant in the fracture behavior of the blend with more than 0.3 phr compatibilizer. As the melt and crystallization temperatures of the base polymers are so close, either PA or PBT can be regarded as a mutual nucleating agent to enhance the crystallization on the other component. The presence of compatibilizer and in situ formed copolymer in the compatibilized blends tends to interfere with the crystallization of the base polymers in various blends. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 38: 23–33, 2000
A Comparative analysis on traditional Queuing and Hybrid Queuing Mechanism of VoIPÃ¢ÂÂs QoS Properties (2013)

A comparative analysis of basic and hybrid queuing methods and their impact on the VoIP traffic delay within the network have been discussed in this paper. In this experiment the hybrid queuing method is formed by combining three of the most useful basic queuing methods. In basic queuing methods priority queuing (PQ), custom queuing (CQ) and weighted fair queuing (WFQ) are combined with class-based weighted fair queuing (CBWFQ) for hybrid queuing. Hybrid method is compared with the basic method. All the basic and hybrid queuing mechanisms are tested using an OPNET Modeler simulation tool. From this, it is found how queuing combinations affect VoIP traffic quality, especially QoS.
Sporicidal Activity of Alkaline Alcoholic Saturated Dialdehyde Solutions (1963)

During a search for a sporicidal agent to equal or surpass formaldehyde in activity, a group of saturated dialdehydes ranging from two to six carbons was discovered. These dialdehydes exerted a surprisingly high degree of activity in isopropanol buffered with a carbonate or bicarbonate. Without the proper buffer, practically no activity was observed. A solution of 1% glutaraldehyde, 0.3% NaHCO(3), and 70% isopropanol sterilized stainless-steel penicylinders contaminated with standardized numbers of four spore types in a shorter time than did commercially available 8% formaldehyde solution. Both glyoxal and glutaraldehyde in isopropanol destroyed spores in a relatively short time. Care was taken to eliminate bacteriostasis. Various tests were performed to evaluate accurately experimental and formaldehyde solutions.
Two Designs of a Fault-Tolerant Clocking System (1984)

Two designs of a fault-tolerant clocking system are described: a time-discrete design based on autonomous oscillators and a time-continuous design based on voltage-controlled oscillators. In both designs the system consists of a number of identical modules producing as many mutually synchronous binary clock signals. The system is fault-tolerant in that if at most f modules fail, the remaining modules continue to produce synchronous clock signals. The minimum configuration, i.e., the minimum number of modules that guarantees a fault-tolerant operation, is either 3f + 1 or 2f + 1, depending on both the design chosen (time-discrete or time-continuous) and the assumed fault model.
SmartSaver: Turning Flash Drive into a Disk Energy Saver for Mobile Computers (2006)

In a mobile computer the hard disk consumes a considerable amount of energy. Existing dynamic power management policies usually take conservative approaches to save disk energy, and disk energy consumption remains a serious issue. Meanwhile, the flash drive is becoming a must-have portable storage device for almost every laptop user on travel. In this paper, we propose to make another highly desired use of the flash drive --- saving disk energy. This is achieved by using the flash drive as a standby buffer for caching and prefetching disk data. Our design significantly extends disk idle times with careful and deliberate consideration of the particular characteristics of the flash drive. Trace-driven simulations show that up to 41% of disk energy can be saved with a relatively small amount of data written to the flash drive.
Altered regulation of isoleucine-valine biosynthesis in a hisW mutant of Salmonella typhimurium (1982)

Control of isoleucine-valine biosynthesis was examined in the cold-sensitive hisW3333 mutant strain of Salmonella typhimurium. During growth at the permissive temperature (37 degrees C), the isoleucine-valine (ilv) biosynthetic enzyme levels of the hisW mutant were two- to fourfold below these levels in an isogenic hisW+ strain. Upon a reduction in growth temperature to partially permissive (30 degrees C), the synthesis of these enzymes in the hisW mutant was further reduced. However, synthesis of the ilv enzymes was responsive to the repression signal(s) caused by the addition of excess amounts of isoleucine, valine, and leucine to the hisW mutants. Such a "super-repressed" phenotype as that observed in this hisW mutant is similar to that previously shown for the hisU1820 mutant, but was different from the regulatory response of the hisT1504 mutant strain. Moreover, by the use of growth-rate-limiting amounts of the branched-chain amino acids, it was shown that this hisW mutant generally did not increase the synthesis of the ilv enzymes as did the hisW+ strain. Overall, these results are in agreement with the hypothesis that the hisW mutant is less responsive to ilv specific attenuation control than is the hisW+ strain and suggest that this limited regulatory response is due to an alteration in the amount or structure of an element essential to attenuation control of the ilv operons.
Evaluation of Antioxidant and Inhibitory Activities for Different Subclasses Flavonoids on Enzymes for Rheumatoid Arthritis (2010)

Antioxidant activities of flavonoids were decreased in the order of flavonols > flavanones > flavones. Inhibitory intensities for hyaluronidase and collagenase reaction differed clearly according to flavonoid subclasses. Kaempferol, quercetin, myricetin, and rutin in flavonols inhibited hyaluronidase reaction specifically, while apigenin, luteolin, baicalin, and baicalein in flavones showed specific inhibition to collagenase reaction. In addition, the flavonoids, except baicalin and catechin, inhibited potently LPS-induced nitrite production in a dose-dependent manner, which might be mainly due to the suppression of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase. Quercetin and luteolin showed the strongest inhibitory activities on 15-lipoxygenase (LOX), and quercetin showed relatively potent inhibition on cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) reaction. Otherwise, all tested flavonoids possessed the inhibitory activity to COX-2 reaction, and especially luteolin, kaempferol, hesperetin, and naringin showed relatively the potent inhibition on COX-2 reaction. This report elucidated the anti-inflammatory activities, such as the antioxidant property, inhibition of NO production, and inhibition of inflammatory enzymes (hyaluronidase, collagenase, LOX, and COXs) of several subclass flavonoids.
EXERTION-INDUCED MYOGLOBINURIA AND HEMOGLOBINURIA (1960)

Extensive repetitive calisthenics performed by Marine recruits were followed by swelling of the quadriceps muscles, dark urine, albuminuria, hematuria, pyuria, red blood cell casts, myoglobinuria, and hemoglobinuria. In all 19 patients who were hospitalized albuminuria was demonstrable. Spectrophotometric and chemical study of dark urine specimens from these persons revealed excretion of both myoglobin and hemoglobin. Renal biopsy specimens of two patients, one of whom experienced acute renal failure, disclosed tubular abnormalities compatible with acute tubular necrosis. After recovery, resumption of the same calisthenics did not cause reappearance of renal or muscular symptoms.
Laparoscopic hernioplasty of hiatal hernia (2016)

Laparoscopic surgery is a good choice for surgical treatment of hiatal hernia because of its mini-invasive nature and intraperitoneal view and operating angle. This article will talk about the surgical procedures, technical details, precautions and complications about laparoscopic hernioplasty of hiatal hernia.
Facial skin rejuvenation (2003)

The physician has an important role in understanding which treatment options are appropriate for mild, moderate, and severe photoaging, and in educating patients on the risks and benefits of each. This includes resurfacing modalities with microdermabrasion, chemical peels, and laser skin resurfacing.
Structural variation of liquid crystalline trioxadecalins (1996)

Synthesis and mesogenic properties of new liquid crystals bearing a chiral trioxadecalin system are described. Boron-containing three-ring systems with a lateral methoxy group show cholesteric, TGBA and smectic A phases. Molecules containing four or five rings show mostly smectic C* phases. The insertion of a triple bond leads to ferroelectric smectic C* phases, but compounds with a flexible spacer between the rings show only monotropic smectic A phases. Lateral fluorination of the aromatic rings leads, depending on the position of the fluorine, either to stabilised smectic phases with lower transition temperatures or to cholesteric phases with complete suppression of all smectic phases.