gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Kinder- und Jugendliteratur im Spannungsfeld zwischen pädagogischen und literarischen Autoritäten (2000)

Die 12. Jahrestagung der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Kinder- und Jugendliteraturforschung stand unter dem komplexen Thema: „Kinder- und Jugendliteratur und Autorität — Kinder- und Jugendliteratur als Autorität“.1 Bei der Strukturierung des Problemfelds wurden drei Aspekte in den Vordergrund gestellt: der inhaltlich-thematische: die Darstellung autoritativ geprägter Konstellationen in ausgewählten Texten aus Geschichte und Gegenwart; der strukturell-literarische: der Umgang mit autoritätsträchtigen Asymmetrien in kinderliterarischen Darstellungs-, Erzähl- und Leserkonzepten (auch in den audiovisuellen Medien);
Evaluation und Zertifikation (1997)

Dieses Kapitel befasst sich mit der Evaluation und Zertifikation von IT-Produkten und -Systemen, d.h. mit der Prüfung und Bescheinigung von sicherheitsrelevanten Eigenschaften. Nach einer kurzen Einführung werden in den Unterkapiteln zwei bis vier die Kriterienkataloge der USA, Deutschland und der EU vorgestellt und diskutiert. Schliesslich werden im fünften Unterkapitel im Rahmen eines Ausblicks noch mögliche Zukunftsentwicklungen aufgezeigt.
Laser-induced ultrafast electron emission from a field emission tip (2007)

We show that a field emission tip electron source that is triggered with a femtosecond laser pulse can generate electron pulses shorter than the laser pulse duration (~100 fs). The emission process is sensitive to a power law of the laser intensity, which supports an emission mechanism based on multiphoton absorption followed by over-the-barrier emission. Observed continuous transitions between power laws of different orders are indicative of field emission processes. We show that the source can also be operated so that thermionic emission processes become significant. Understanding these different emission processes is relevant for the production of sub-cycle electron pulses.
ChemInform Abstract: ADDITION EINER FUNKTIONELLEN ISOPRENEINHEIT AN EINEN ALLYLALKOHOL 2. MITT. RK. MIT FURYL‐ UND THIENYLMETHANOL, SYNTH. VON TORREYAL UND DENDROLASIN (1970)

Abstract In Gegenwart von Hg‐acetat reagiert der Alkohol (Ia) in einer Claisen‐Cope‐Umlagerung mit dem Isopren (II) zum Hauptprodukt (IIIa) und dem Aldehyd (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: INTRAMOLECULAR CYCLIZATION OF EPOXY ALCOHOLS. IV. STERIC EFFECT IN REGIOSELECTIVE CYCLIZATION OF 3,4‐EPOXY ALCOHOLS TO OXETANES (1981)

Abstract Eine Reihe von Epoxyalkoholen wie (I), (IV), (VII) (Darstellung beschrieben), die für die Oxetanbildung [→(II), (V), (VIII)] durch intramolekulare Cyclisierung kritische Strukturmerkmale aufweisen, R4 werden mit Base unter wäßrigen (a)) und unter wasserfreien Bedingungen (b)) behandelt; desgleichen werden zum Vergleich Reaktionen der Epoxide (XI) durchgeführt.
Color discrimination results from a CRT device: Influence of luminance (1999)

In this article, we report new color discrimination ellipsoids calculated from two normal observers, using a CRT device and five values of luminance at each of the five centers recommended by the CIE in 1978 (Col Res Appl 1978;3:149–151). Our main goal was to test the weighting function for lightness adopted by the CIE94 color-difference model (CIE Publication 116, 1995). Although some of the experimental conditions employed here (CRT monitor, small size of the visual field, and controlled exposure time) did not fit those recommended by this model, our results support the weighting function for lightness proposed by CIE94. The only robust trends observed in the ellipsoids obtained were a confirmation of Weber's law and a decrease in the area of the x, y chromaticity ellipses, when the luminance of each reference stimulus increased towards the one of the surround. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Col Res Appl, 24, 38–44, 1999
Multiplierless and Sparse Machine Learning based on Margin Propagation Networks (2019)

The new generation of machine learning processors have evolved from multi-core and parallel architectures that were designed to efficiently implement matrix-vector-multiplications (MVMs). This is because at the fundamental level, neural network and machine learning operations extensively use MVM operations and hardware compilers exploit the inherent parallelism in MVM operations to achieve hardware acceleration on GPUs and FPGAs. However, many IoT and edge computing platforms require embedded ML devices close to the network in order to compensate for communication cost and latency. Hence a natural question to ask is whether MVM operations are even necessary to implement ML algorithms and whether simpler hardware primitives can be used to implement an ultra-energy-efficient ML processor/architecture. In this paper we propose an alternate hardware-software codesign of ML and neural network architectures where instead of using MVM operations and non-linear activation functions, the architecture only uses simple addition and thresholding operations to implement inference and learning. At the core of the proposed approach is margin-propagation (MP) based computation that maps multiplications into additions and additions into a dynamic rectifying-linear-unit (ReLU) operations. This mapping results in significant improvement in computational and hence energy cost. In this paper, we show how the MP network formulation can be applied for designing linear classifiers, shallow multi-layer perceptrons and support vector networks suitable fot IoT platforms and tiny ML applications. We show that these MP based classifiers give comparable results to that of their traditional counterparts for benchmark UCI datasets, with the added advantage of reduction in computational complexity enabling an improvement in energy efficiency.
Varieties of Right Ventricular Diastolic Function in Patients with Non-Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (2003)

We examined whether differences in the location of myocardial hypertrophy influence the right ventricular diastolic function in patients with non-obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy using cineangiography. Biplane right ventriculography was performed in 34 subjects (normal = 14, asymmetric septal hypertrophy = 9, apical hypertrophy = 11) during cardiac catheterization. In patients with asymmetric septal hypertrophy, compared with apical hypertrophy and normal groups, the indices of the right ventricular diastolic function including right ventricular peak filling rate and filling fraction of rapid filling phase were lower and the time to peak filling rate was prolonged. But in patients with apical hypertrophy, these indices were not significantly different compared with normal. There were no differences in right ventricular ejection fraction and cardiac index among the three groups. These data suggest that the location of the myocardial hypertrophy of the left ventricle is a significant factor affecting the right ventricular diastolic filling in non-obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Elections Can be Manipulated Often (2008)

The Gibbard-Satterthwaite theorem states that every non-trivial voting method between at least 3 alternatives can be strategically manipulated. We prove a quantitative version of the Gibbard-Satterthwaite theorem: a random manipulation by a single random voter will succeed with non-negligible probability for every neutral voting method between 3 alternatives that is far from being a dictatorship.
Evidence for a bottom baryon resonance<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>Λ</mml:mi><mml:mi>b</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mo>*</mml:mo><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:math>in CDF data (2013)

Using data from proton-antiproton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=1.96\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{TeV}$ recorded by the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron, evidence for the excited resonance state ${\ensuremath{\Lambda}}_{b}^{*0}$ is presented in its ${\ensuremath{\Lambda}}_{b}^{0}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$ decay followed by the ${\ensuremath{\Lambda}}_{b}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}_{c}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ and ${\ensuremath{\Lambda}}_{c}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}p{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$ decays. The analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $9.6\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ collected by an online event selection based on charged-particle tracks displaced from the proton-antiproton interaction point. The significance of the observed signal is $3.5\ensuremath{\sigma}$. The mass of the observed state is found to be $5919.22\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.76\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{MeV}/{c}^{2}$ in agreement with similar findings in proton-proton collision experiments.
273. Comparative Effectiveness of Ampicillin in the Treatment of <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> Bloodstream Infections in Patients With Cancer (2020)

Abstract Background E. faecalis (Efc) isolates are usually susceptible to ampicillin (AMP). AMP-based regimens are the standard of care for enterococcal infections, although other antibiotics are often used as definitive treatment. We thus compared outcomes of patients with cancer and Efc bacteremia treated with AMP-containing (ACR) and non-AMP-containing antibiotic regimens (NACR). Methods A multicenter, prospective, observational cohort study conducted at MD Anderson Cancer Center, Henry Ford Hospital, and Memorial Hermann Health System. Eligible patients were ≥ 18 years old, diagnosed with cancer, and had at least one Efc bloodstream isolate collected from 12/2015 to 12/2018. Patients with polymicrobial infections were excluded. Patients were divided into two groups: i) ACR and ii) NACR. ACR included patients who received AMP at any time during treatment; other antimicrobials were permitted. NACR patients did not receive AMP at any time. The primary outcome compared desirability of outcome ranking (DOOR) between ACR and NACR at day 14. The DOOR consisted of six hierarchical levels: 1 - death; 2 - inpatient without microbiological cure (MC) and with acute kidney injury (AKI); 3 - inpatient without MC and without AKI; 4 - inpatient admitted with MC and with AKI; 5 - inpatient with MC and without AKI; 6 - alive and discharged. Comparison of DOORs between ACR and NACR was performed using inverse probability of treatment weighted (IPTW) ordered logistic regression. Results Seventy-one patients were included (ACR, n = 35; NACR, n = 36). No difference was seen in DOORs at day 14 between ACR and NACR (odds ratio [OR] 1.14, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.45 – 2.92, p=0.78). No difference was observed for all-cause mortality at day 14 (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.09 – 3.77, p=0.58) or day 30 (OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.09 – 1.94, p=0.27). Patients treated with ACR received a lower median duration of other antibiotics at any point during treatment compared to NACR: daptomycin (2 v 4 days) vancomycin (2 v 4 days), and linezolid (1 v 2 days). Conclusion Patients with cancer and Efc bloodstream infections had similar outcomes when treated with ACR and NACR. ACR were associated with less use of broad-spectrum antimicrobials. Future research should focus on the ecologic impact of use of NACR. Disclosures Marcus Zervos, MD, Melinta Therapeutics (Grant/Research Support) Cesar A. Arias, MD, MSc, PhD, FIDSA, Entasis Therapeutics (Scientific Research Study Investigator)MeMed (Scientific Research Study Investigator)Merck (Grant/Research Support)
ChemInform Abstract: PHOSPHORORGANISCHE HETEROCYCLISCHE VERBINDUNGEN 2. MITT. SYNTH. UND UMWANDLUNGEN VON 10‐CHLOR‐ UND 10‐(2‐BIPHENYLOXY)‐10‐OXO‐10‐PHOSPHA‐9‐OXA‐9,10‐DIHYDROPHENANTHRENEN (1972)

Abstract o‐Hydroxybiphenyl (II) reagiert mit überschüssigem Phosphoroxychlorid zum Phosphorsäure‐(2‐biphenyl‐dichlorid (I), bei einem Molverhältnis l :l entsteht Bis‐(Z‐biphenylyl)‐chlorphosphat (III) (Ausbeute 60 und 25%).
Ultrashort laser induced spatial redistribution of silver species and nano-patterning of etching selectivity in silver-containing glasses (2019)

Femtosecond laser-induced spatial redistribution of silver species (ions, clusters, and hole centers) in a silver-containing phosphate glass is investigated by correlative means of near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) images, numerical simulations, chemical micro-probe analysis, and nanoscale spatial profiles after soft etching. In particular, we found that the chemical etching selectivity for nanoscale patterning is strongly dependent upon the irradiation of femtosecond laser due to the spatial redistribution of silver species within the affected area. These results strongly indicate that controlling the distribution of silver species by femtosecond laser irradiation may open new routes for surface nanoscale chemical and/or spatial patterning for the fabrication of 2D surface photonic crystals.
Structural control of immunogenicity. IV. Relative specificity of elicitation of cellular immune responses and of ligand binding to anti-hapten antibody after immunization with mono-epsilon-DNP-nona-L-lysine. (1971)

An evaluation of the specificity of antigen binding receptors possessed by cells involved in cellular immune responses and by cells in the antibody synthesizing line was made in order to determine to what extent each cell type could distinguish between closely related mono-ε-DNP-oligo-L-lysines. The antigen binding receptors of cells involved in cellular immune responses were studied by the elicitation of delayed hypersensitivity reactions in vivo and by the stimulation of DNA synthesis by lymph node cells in vitro using 1-ε-DNP-nona-L-lysine and 9-ε-DNP-nona-L-lysine. These experiments demonstrated that closely related compounds could be distinguished by this cell population. On the other hand, serum antibody from animals immunized with 1-ε-DNP-nona-L-lysine did not regularly distinguish between various mono-ε-DNP-oligo-L-lysines of differing immunogenicity or between 1-ε-DNP-nona-L-lysine and 9-ε-DNP-nona-L-lysine. Serum antibody specificity is assumed to reflect the specificity of the receptors possessed by the precursors of antibody producing cells. Thus, it appears likely that the cells involved in cellular immune responses or functioning as `helper' cells in the stimulation of antibody synthesis by other cells are capable of determining the immunogenicity of a compound. On the other hand, precursors of antibody producing cells, at least in primed animals and in the mono-ε-DNP-oligo-L-lysine response, do not appear to make distinctions between peptides of differing immunogenicity.
A Virus Spotlighted by an Autonomous DNA Machine (2006)

Hochempfindlich: Zur Analyse viraler DNA (M13-Phage) eignet sich eine DNA-basierte Maschine, die durch dNTPs angetrieben wird und DNAzym-Reportereinheiten synthetisiert. Die DNAzyme imitieren Peroxidase und führen zu einem Auslesen der analysierten DNA mithilfe von Kolorimetrie oder Chemilumineszenz.
Evaluation of texture features for image segmentation (2001)

Texture features are among the most commonly used image attributes in image understanding applications, such as image retrieval from databases. A number of methods and their variants have been developed over the years for texture feature extraction. Whereas they all have their merits and flaws, it is worthwhile to evaluate their performance in a specific application domain. The goal here is to establish which texture features are better suited for segmentation of natural scenes that contain multiple natural and synthetic textures. The performance of unsupervised texture segmentation based on multiresolution simultaneous autoregressive (MRSAR) models, wavelet coefficients, fractal dimension, edge direction and magnitude, and color moments is examined.
NMR Lanthanoid-probe Analyses of Conformational Properties of 8,2′-<i>S</i>-Cycloadenosine 3′-Monophosphate in Aqueous Solution (1983)

Abstract The advanced method of NMR lanthanoid-probe analyses was used for studying the molecular conformations of 8,2′-anhydro-8-thio-9-β-d-arabinofuranosyladenine (8,2′-S-cycloadenosine) 3′-monophosphate in aqueous solution. From the observed ratios of Pr(III)-induced shifts, Gd(III)-enhanced relaxation rates as well as vicinal spin-coupling constants, the most probable values (and standard deviations) of the fractional populations of the local conformations for the C5′–C4′ bond, sugar ring, C3′–O3′ bond, and O3′–P bond and the internal rotation angles of the two forms about the C3′–O3′ bond were determined by the program COFLEM. The internal rotation equilibrium about the C3′-O3′ bond was found to be interrelated with the puckering of the sugar ring. The advanced lanthanoid probe method is thus useful for the analyses of the conformational characteristics of cyclonucleotides as well as of unmodified nucleotides in aqueous solution.
Asymmetric Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Diagnosed by Echocardiography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (1996)

The authors present 3 patients with asymmetric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, which was diagnosed by echocardiography. Magnetic resonance imaging, however, proved superior in visualizing the cardiac anatomy of the left ventricle and enabled myocardial evaluation with determination of the location, severity, and extent of the abnormality. Magnetic resonance imaging can also differentiate unusual asymmetric hypertrophy from other pathologic states.
Support of respiratory failure in the pediatric surgical patient (2002)

Severe respiratory failure in newborn and pediatric patients is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Basic science laboratory investigation has led to advances in the understanding of ventilator-induced lung injury and in optimizing the supportive use of conventional ventilation strategies. Over the past few years, progress has been made in alternative therapies for supporting children and adults with severe respiratory failure. This review will focus on recent laboratory and clinical data regarding the techniques of lung protective ventilator strategies, inhaled nitric oxide, liquid ventilation, and extracorporeal life support (ECLS, ECMO). Some of these modalities are commonplace, while others may have much to offer the pediatric clinician if their benefit is clearly demonstrated in future clinical trials.
Abstract 160: Spetzler-Martin Grade and Outcomes by Randomization Assignment in ARUBA (2014)

Objectives: To determine the predictability of the Spetzler-Martin Grade (SMG) with occurrence of hemorrhage in the ARUBA trial medical management arm compared with the interventional arm. Methods: Of the 223 patients enrolled in “A randomized trial of unruptured bAVMs” (ARUBA), 114 were allocated to medical therapy alone (MM), 109 to medical therapy with intervention (IT). The primary outcome is the composite endpoint of death or symptomatic stroke. The aim was to compare the relative frequency of primary outcome events between study arms depending on SMG scores at baseline. Results: For all but 2 patients (without catheter angiography) SMG scores at baseline are available for analysis. More than half of the cohort scored SMS-1 or SMS-2. After 33.7 months of follow-up, the intention-to-treat analysis showed primary outcome events were similarly distributed for bAVMs scored SMG-1 and SMG-4, but events were significantly less frequent in the MM arm for SMG-2 (7.4%) and SMG-3 (8.8%) as compared to IT (34.1%, p=0.011 and 57.1%, p<0.001, respectively). There was no trend toward increasing outcome events in IT with increasing SMG. The disparities were also found in in the as-treated analysis (see Table). Conclusion: AlthoughSMGhas long use for prediction of risk for surgical intervention, less success has been met with its use as a predictor of hemorrhage in a population not undergoing intervention,[i] And until ARUBA the SMG has not been tested in a trial. Our data to date suggest the SMG is neither a reliable predictor of risk for hemorrhage, nor indicative of increase in outcome risk with increasing grade. The later outcome for those in the ARUBA trial awaits further follow-up. [i] Hartmann A, Mast H, Choi JH, Stapf C, Mohr JP. Treatment of arteriovenous malformations of the brain. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2007 Jan;7(1):28-34.
A compact, 35 GHz, phase-locked gyrotron oscillator with subharmonic injection (1990)

Summary form only given, as follows. A compact, 35-GHz, phase-locked gyrotron oscillator operating at a harmonic of the cyclotron frequency is under development. It will be compatible with the requirements of airborne and vehicular millimeter-wave radars. The gyrotron is characterized by three unique features: (1) a novel complex cavity with superior mode selection and high power handling capabilities: (2) subharmonic frequency injection, where the phase of the output radiation will be controlled by a small input signal at subharmonic frequency; and (3) low magnetic field requirements compatible with modern permanent magnet technology (Nd/Fe/B). The gyrotron is designed for operation at 35 GHz with peak output power of ~150 kW and efficiency of 30%. A phase locking gain of about 50 dB at the second and third harmonics is expected
FDDI performance analysis: delay approximations (2002)

The authors review and propose approximations for the station waiting times in the medium access control (MAC) protocol of the fiber distributed data interface (FDDI). Simulation is used to investigate the accuracy of these approximations for different sets of system parameters. While the throughput performance of FDDI has been successfully analyzed, few useful results have been developed for delay performance. It was found that the timed-token service discipline of FDDI behaved like the exhaustive service discipline up until relatively high utilizations. That is, the timed-token service discipline only significantly affected the mean waiting times for utilizations that were within 5-20% (depending upon the case) of the maximum utilization rho /sub max/. For a given rho , the larger the average number M( rho ) of frames served during a station service time interval, the more exhaustive the behavior of the timed-token service discipline.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>