gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Role of Tryptophan Metabolites in Urinary Bladder Cancer (1969)

Abstract Evidence from clinical and experimental studies suggests that certain urinary tryptophan metabolites may play a role in human bladder carcinogenesis. Five metabolites of this essential amino acid—kynurenic acid, acetyl-L-kynurenine, L-kynurenine, 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine, and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid—were reported as occurring in elevated quantities in the urine of some patients with urinary bladder cancer. When the pellet implantation technique was employed, an augmented incidence of bladder carcinomas was observed in mice exposed to 3-hydroxy-L-kynu-renine, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, xanthurenic acid, the 8-methyl ether of xanthurenic acid, and 8-hydroxyquinaldic acid. These compounds interact with the bladder, pass across it easily, and seem to require the presence of at least one other factor for the complete expression of bladder carcinogenicity.
Creating Sustained Tones With The Cicada'S Rapid Sequential Buckling Mechanism (2002)

The cicada uses a rapid sequence of buckling ribs to initiate and sustain vibrations in its tymbal plate (the primary mechanical resonator in the cicada's sound production system). The tymbalimba, a music controller based on this same mechanism, has a row of 4 convex aluminum ribs (ason the cicada's tymbal) arranged much like the keys on a calimba. Each rib is spring loaded and capable of snapping down into a V-shape (a motion referred to as buckling), under the downward force of the user's finger. This energy generated by the buckling motion is measured by an accelerometer located under each rib and used as the input to a physical model.
Programmable routers for efficient mapping of applications onto NoC-based MPSoCs (2012)

Abstract—We extend the state-of-the-art DSPIN network-on-chip ar-chitecture by defining programmable NoC routers that can establish effective static scheduling and routing of data packets as demanded by the application. Router programs are the result of a general compilation process which targets the NoC and the computing cores altogether. The objective is to reduce NoC contentions, improving speed and timing predictability. We consider the range of applications of such an approach and provide results on two of them (a simple embedded controller and an FFT). I.
Contaminating DNA in RNA Amplification by Polymerase Chain Reaction (1992)

Journal Article Contaminating DNA in RNA Amplification by Polymerase Chain Reaction Get access A Reyes, A Reyes Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J L Dieguez, J L Dieguez Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I Garcia-Chacón, I Garcia-Chacón Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M Morell, M Morell Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M Ruiz, M Ruiz Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J C Montilla J C Montilla Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical Chemistry, Volume 38, Issue 6, 1 June 1992, Page 1187, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/38.6.1187 Published: 01 June 1992
Amyloid Precursor Protein and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease (2007)

Growing evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the key intracellular lesions associated with the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Mitochondria, the powerhouses of the cell, participate in a number of physiological functions that include calcium homeostasis, signal transduction, and apoptosis. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the decline of mitochondrial vital functions leading to the dysfunction of mitochondria during AD are not well understood. Recent literature has observed the accumulation of Alzheimer's amyloid precursor protein (APP) and its C-terminal-cleaved product beta-amyloid (Abeta) in the mitochondrial compartment. Furthermore, evidence also implicates that the accumulation of full-length APP and Abeta in the mitochondrial compartment has a causative role in impairing mitochondrial physiological functions. Here, we review the mode of mitochondrial transport of full-length APP and Abeta and its pathological implications in bringing about mitochondrial dysfunction as seen in AD.
Single-Center, Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Study of the Efficacy and Safety of a Cream Formulation for Improving Facial Wrinkles and Skin Quality. (2018)

Nimni Cream by Hydropeptide is safe and effective for improving skin quality in the face and can be considered a satisfactory therapeutic option adjuvant to aesthetic procedures. J Drugs Dermatol. 2018;17(6):664-669.
Surgical relief of snoring due to palatal flutter: a preliminary report. (1993)

We describe our experience in the surgical treatment of 32 patients with severe snoring. In the first 16 patients we used the standard surgical procedure of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPP) but found this unsatisfactory because of its radical nature, complications and uncertain outcome. We therefore investigated the mechanics of snoring in the laboratory as a help in devising a more effective operation. These studies have shown that there are several methods by which snoring can be generated but that palatal flutter is probably the most important. The dominant parameters in the generation of flutter of the palate are its length and stiffness. Any removal of tissue to shorten the palate as in UPP inevitably risks impairing its function, so we chose the stiffening alternative. Using the laser, a central longitudinal strip of mucosa was removed from the surface of the soft palate which healed by fibrosis, producing the required stiffening. The early results of this new procedure show that snoring has been eliminated or greatly reduced in 14 of 16 patients and that apart from local pain there have been no complications.
Phosphodiesterase activity is a novel property of alkaline phosphatase from osseous plate (1994)

Phosphodiesterase activity is a novel property of the still-enigmatic alkaline phosphatase from osseous plate. Bis-(p-nitrophenyl) phosphate was hydrolysed at both pH 7.5 and 9.4 with an apparent dissociation constant (K0.5) of 1.9 mM and 3.9 mM respectively. The hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl-5'-thymidine phosphate followed hyberbolic kinetics with a K0.5 of 500 microM. For p-nitrophenyl phenylphosphonate, site-site interactions [Hill coefficient (h) = 1.3] were observed in the range between 0.2 and 100 microM, and K0.5 was 32.8 mM. The hydrolysis of cyclic AMP by the enzyme followed more complex kinetics, showing site-site interactions (h = 1.7) and K0.5 = 300 microM for high-affinity sites. The low-affinity sites, representing 85% of total activity, also showed site-site interactions (h = 3.8) and a K0.5 of about 22 mM. ATP and cyclic AMP were competitive inhibitors of bis-(p-nitrophenyl) phosphatase activity of the enzyme and Ki values (25 mM and 0.6 mM for cyclic AMP and ATP respectively) very close to those of the K0.5 (22 mM and 0.7 mM for cyclic AMP and ATP respectively), determined by direct assay, indicated that a single catalytic site was responsible for the hydrolysis of both substrates. Non-denaturing PAGE of detergent-solubilized enzyme showed coincident bands on the gel for phosphomonohydrolase and phosphodiesterase activities. Additional evidence for a single catalytic site was the similar pKa values (8.5 and 9.7) found for the two ionizing groups participating in the hydrolysis of bis-(p-nitrophenyl) phosphate and p-nitrophenyl phosphate. The alkaline apparent pH optima, the requirement for bivalent metal ions and the inhibition by methylxanthines, amrinone and amiloride demonstrated that rat osseous-plate alkaline phosphatase was a type I phosphodiesterase. Considering that there is still confusion as to which is the physiological substrate for the enzyme, the present results describing a novel property for this enzyme could be of relevance in understanding the mineralization process.
Radiation distortions in fast frequency-scanned antenna arrays (1976)

The pattern deterioration that occurs at high scanning speeds in frequency-scanned arrays is studied. Four major effects are observed; these are 1) fall in main beam amplitude, 2) rise in sidelobe level, 3) angular shift in the location of the main beam, and 4) widening of the main beam. A theoretical limit on scanning rates is established beyond which pattern distortion becomes excessive. The results are illustrated by a numerical example.
Machine Current Signature Analysis as a Way for Fault Detection in Squirrel Cage Wind Generators (2007)

At the moment renewable generation systems are increasing its presence. The paper is about how machine current signature analysis (MCSA) can reliably diagnose faults in squirrel cage generators. This paper focuses on the experimental investigation for incipient fault detection and fault detection methods, suitably adapted for use in wind generator systems using squirrel cage. The proposed system diagnoses asynchronous generators having three types of faults such as broken rotor bars, short circuit of stator windings and bearing fault. After processing current data the classical fast Fourier transform is applied to detect characteristics under the healthy and various faulted conditions with MCSA.
An Asymmetric Hydroformylation Catalyst that Delivers Branched Aldehydes from Alkyl Alkenes (2012)

Surprising selectivity: The first enantioselective hydroformylations of simple alkenes of type RCH2CHCH2 to preferentially deliver the branched aldehyde product have been discovered using a new chiral ligand, named bobphos (see scheme). Established ligands are unselective in this reaction or show a slight preference towards the linear aldehyde. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Activation by cholera toxin of adenylate cyclase solubilized from rat liver (1976)

Cholera toxin, or peptide A1 from the toxin, activates adenylate cyclase solubilized from rat liver with Lubrol PX, provided that cell sap, NAD+, ATP and thiol-group-containing compounds are present. The activation is abolished by antisera to whole toxin, but not to subunit B.
Tropomyosin is decreased in transformed cells. (1981)

The steady-state level and synthesis of a pair of polypeptides of Mr 33,000 and 35,000 in chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) transformed by Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) are significantly decreased relative to normal CEF; however, the decrease is more pronounced in the case of the Mr 35,000 polypeptide. These polypeptides have been identified as the alpha and beta subunits of CEF tropomyosin by selective staining with tropomyosin antibody, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, partial peptide analysis, and solubility properties. The decrease in tropomyosin is shown to be a transformation-specific phenomenon in that it does not occur after infection with a virus deleted in src sequences. Decreased synthesis of tropomyosin is also observed in quail cells transformed by MC29 (a retrovirus with a different onc gene than that in RSV) and also in chemically transformed quail cells. The decreased in tropomyosin is probably not a direct result of the disruption of the microfilament system in transformed cells because disruption of the microfilament system with trypsin or cytochalasin B in normal CEF does not lead to a decrease in tropomyosin synthesis. A decrease in tropomyosin in CEF after transformation may be a result of a pleiotropic effect that results in the transcriptional inactivation not only of the tropomyosin gene but also of the fibronectin and procollagen genes described by others.
Information Quality and System Quality in Online Communities: an Empirical Investigation (2009)

As the number of online communities (OCs) continues to increase, it is critical for an OC to satisfy usersâ needs in order to encourage and retain their voluntary participation and contribution over time. Consistent with the IS Success model, we argue that information quality and system quality are two important antecedents of OC user satisfaction. However, little IS research has systematically examined quality issues and their impacts in the OC context. To bridge the gap, we empirically investigate the impacts of information quality and system quality on user satisfaction in one of the largest travel OCs. Based on the IS quality literature, we develop a measurement model by incorporating different dimensions of information quality and system quality. Given the uniqueness of OCs, this study enriches our understanding of why and how information and system quality matter in an OC. It also provides insights for OC design and management.
Epstein‐Barr virus suspension cell assay using in situ hybridization and flow cytometry (1997)

We have developed a procedure for quantitative assay of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-infected cells in suspension in either latent or replicative phase using in situ hybridization and flow cytometry. The cells were hybridized with EBV-specific digoxigenin or biotin-labeled oligonucleotide probes, followed by binding to fluorescein-conjugated anti-digoxigenin or phycoerythrin-conjugated streptavidin, respectively. The cells hybridizing to the specific probes were quantitated by flow cytometry. A strong shift in fluorescence intensity (20-fold) was observed when the EBV-positive culture cells were hybridized with a specific EBER1 antisense probe. The sensitivity of the assay was at least one positive cell out of 9,000 beyond the normal control mean ±2 S.D. We performed two-color in situ hybridization/flow cytometry using probes to an EBV replication phase-specific mRNA and EBER1 on B95-8 cells in which a small portion (2–4%) of cells induce spontaneously into the replicative phase. In addition, we have developed a method for simultaneous analysis of the cell surface phenotype and EBV nucleic acid content in individual cells. Cytometry 29:50–57, 1997. ©1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
The hypoxia‐inducible factor is stabilized in circulating hematopoietic stem cells under normoxic conditions (2007)

The hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) transcriptional system enables cell adaptation to limited O(2) availability, transducing this signal into patho-physiological responses such as angiogenesis, erythropoiesis, vasomotor control, and altered energy metabolism, as well as cell survival decisions. However, other factors beyond hypoxia are known to activate this pleiotropic transcription factor. The aim of this study was to characterize HIF in human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and evidence is provided that granulocyte colony stimulating factor-mobilized CD34+- and CD133+-HSCs express a stabilized cytoplasmic form of HIF-1alpha under normoxic conditions. It is shown that HIF-1alpha stabilization correlates with down-regulation of the tumour suppressor von Hippel-Lindau protein (pVHL) and is positively controlled by NADPH-oxidase-dependent production of reactive oxygen species, indicating a specific O(2)-independent post-transcriptional control of HIF in mobilized HSCs. This novel finding is discussed in the context of the proposed role of HIF as a mediator of progenitor cell recruitment to injured ischemic tissues and/or in the control of the maintenance of the undifferentiated state.
Arthropod gut fungi from Puerto Rico and summary of tropical Trichomycetes worldwide. (2000)

This is the first survey of Trichomycetes in Puerto Rico. Various arthropods (including mil- lipedes, beetles, larval dipterans, isopods, and crabs) were collected from terrestrial, freshwater and marine habitats, and their gut fungi identified. The four orders of the class Trichomycetes were represented, in- cluding the following genera: Amoebidium, Asellaria, Enterobryus, Genistellospora, Harpella, Leidyomyces, Paramoebidium, Smittium and Stachylina. These correspond to 60 % (9/15) of the genera previously reported from tropical regions worldwide. Results of this survey are combined with the previous reports of tropical Trichomycetes and summarized as a species list. The Puerto Rican genera are discussed, highlighting features of particular interest to those considering future studies on Trichomycetes. We highlight the potential severe underestimation of the diversity of tropical Trichomycetes and suggest that further surveys are warranted, especially with the current focus on biodiversity and tropical microfungi.
Analysis and Resolution of RF Interference to Radars Operating in the Band 2700–2900 MHz from Broadband Communication Transmitters (2012)

This report describes the methodology and results of an investigation into the source, mechanism, and solutions for radiofrequency (RF) interference to WSR-88D Next-Generation Weather Radars (NEXRADs). It shows that the interference source is nearby base stations transmitters in the Broadband Radio Service (BRS) and the Educational Broadband Service (EBS) and that their out-of-band (OOB) emissions can cause interference on NEXRAD receiver frequencies. The methodology for determining interference power levels and mitigation solutions is described. Several technical solutions that can mitigate the problem are shown to be effective. Trade-offs between effectiveness, difficulty, and costs of various solutions are described, but it is shown that there is always at least one effective technical solution. The report shows that careful planning and coordination between communication system service providers and Federal agencies operating nearby radars is important in the implementation of these interference-mitigation techniques. A number of the report’s interference mitigation options have already been implemented in several United States cities served by a BRS/EBS licensee, at licensee WiMAX stations where NEXRAD radar operations are located nearby. As of the date of this report’s release, interference from the licensee’s WiMAX links to NEXRAD receivers in those markets has been successfully mitigated using the techniques described herein.
Estrogen Induces Axonal Outgrowth in the Nucleus Retroambiguus–Lumbosacral Motoneuronal Pathway in the Adult Female Cat (1997)

In 1995, we discovered a new pathway in the cat, which originates from the nucleus retroambiguus (NRA) and terminates in a distinct set of lumbosacral hindlimb, axial, and pelvic floor motoneuronal cell groups [VanderHorst VGJM, Holstege G (1995) Caudal medullary pathways to lumbosacral motoneuronal cell groups in the cat: evidence for direct projections possibly representing the final common pathway for lordosis. J Comp Neurol 359:457-475]. The NRA is a compact group of interneurons located laterally in the caudal medulla oblongata. Its projection to lumbosacral motoneurons is thought to represent the final common pathway for male mounting and for female receptive or lordosis behavior. However, females only display lordosis behavior. However, females only display lordosis behavior when they are in estrus, which suggests that the NRA-lumbosacral pathway is only active during estrus. This raised the question of whether estrogen affects this pathway. The effect of estrogen on the NRA-lumbosacral projection was studied light microscopically, using wheat-germ agglutinin horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) as a tracer. The rubrospinal pathway served as control. The density of labeled NRA fibers in their target hindlimb motoneuronal cell groups appeared abundant in estrous and very weak in nonestrous cats. Such differences were not found in the rubrospinal pathway. For electron microscopical study, the NRA projection to the semi-membranosus motoneuronal cell group was selected. In this cell group, an almost ninefold increase of labeled profiles was found in estrous versus nonestrous cats. Moreover, the semimembranous motoneuronal cell group contained labeled growth cones in estrous, but not in nonestrous, cats. The present study is the first to show that estrogen induces axonal outgrowth of a precisely identified pathway in the adult mammalian central nervous system. The possible mechanisms underlying this outgrowth are discussed.
A survey of read-only memories (1965)

Consider the problem of the design of a combinational circuit with A inputs and B outputs, where each of the output variables is given as a Boolean function of the input variables. Such a circuit might be part of the control unit of a digital computer, where the A inputs are the operation code of an instruction, and the B outputs are the signals which directly control the opening and closing of gates throughout the machine to effect an execution of that instruction. The circuit might be a code converter, where the A inputs are an input code (for example, the machine-code of an alphanumeric character); and the B outputs are an output code (for example, the pattern of signals required for a display of that character). The circuit might be a table look-up device, where, for example, the input variables are a code for the numeric value of a given argument, and the output variables are a code for the value of some function of that argument. Finally, the circuit might be considered as a memory, with fixed information stored, where the A input bits are an address, and the B output bits are the word stored at that address. It is called a "read-only" or "fixed" memory if the information stored is not alterable at electronic speeds.
Discharge rate and excitability of cortically projecting intralaminar thalamic neurons during waking and sleep states (1982)

Spontaneous firing and antidromically or synaptically evoked discharges of 89 single neurons in centralis lateralis-paracentralis (CL-Pc) intralaminar thalamic nuclei were examined during waking and sleep states in behaving cats with chronic pontine lesions. Twenty-four neurons were activated synaptically at short latencies from the midbrain reticular formation (MRF) after anterograde degeneration of passing fibers. Sixty-five neurons were identified antidromically as projecting to motor or parietal association cortical areas; of them, 23 also could be excited synaptically from the MRF. These neurons were regarded as possibly being involved in the transfer toward the neocortex of the tonic excitation from the MRF during EEG-desynchronized behavioral states. Rates of spontaneous discharge in CL-Pc neurons doubled from synchronized sleep (S) to either wakefulness (W) or desynchronized sleep (D). First order measures of discharge patterns indicated that interval modes in both W and D states (greater than 10 msec) are significantly different from those in S (2.5 msec). During S, the intervals found in the less than 5-msec class indicated the intraburst frequencies; a later minor mode (200 to 350 msec) reflected the interburst silent periods. All neurons tested for antidromic activation from cortical areas had enhanced responsiveness in both W and D states as compared to S sleep. In some cases, the enhanced antidromic excitability was observed in conjunction with a transformation from initial segment spikes during S to full spikes in EEG-desynchronized states. During both W and D states, compared to S sleep, the probability of monosynaptically elicited single discharges to MRF stimulation was increased, and the latency and duration of high frequency bursts evoked by MRF volleys were shortened. We conclude that the features of cortically projecting intralaminar neurons that relay MRF activity fit in well with their hypothesized role in the tonic activation processes that characterize both W and D states. Several lines of evidence suggest that sustained hyperpolarization prevails in intralaminar neurons during S sleep. This is the basic prerequisite for thalamic bursting. The effect of long lasting inhibitory potentials in thalamic neurons provides a mechanism for closing sensory channels during S sleep.