gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
VALIDATION OF THREE OBJECTIVELY SCORED PICTORIAL TESTS OF PERSONALITY FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF LEADERSHIP (1952)

Abstract : The Picture Interpretations, Army Picture Story, and Picture Fi ll-In tests were administered to 216 West Point cadets and 958 enlisted men in Leaders' Schools and evaluated as predictors of leadership ability. In addition, the West Point Personal Inventory was administered to the cadets and the Leaders' Self-Description Blank to the enlisted men. The total test scores were compared with an independent measure of leadership, the Aptitutde-for-Service Rating for cadets and the associate rating for enlisted men. The Picture Interpretation and Picture Fill-In Tests (validity coefficients of 0.25 and 0. 19, respectively) gave a better-than-chance differentiation between higher- and lower- rated men for a sample of privates at Leaders' Schools. None of the tests were better than the Aptitude-for-Service Ratings for cadets or the LEaders' Self Description Blank for enlisted men.
Collagen labelling with an azide-proline chemical reporter in live cells (2014)

We have developed a strategy for selective imaging of collagen in live foetal ovine osteoblasts. Our approach involves the incorporation of an azide-tagged proline in the biosynthesis of collagen followed by labelling using a strain-promoted [3+2] azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction.
Movement of Selected Pesticides and Herbicides through Columns of Sandy Loam (1986)

The mobility of chemicals through soils following landfill disposal or agricultural application is of concern whenever there is potential threat to contaminate the groundwater by leaching. This movement is evaluated by simulation modeling. Several models, including the Pesticide Root Zone Model (1) and the Seasonal Soil Compartment Model (2) are available, and are currently being evaluated by the Environmental Protection Agency-Las Vegas. The evaluation study consists of conducting a laboratory experiment in which lysimeter columns containing test chemicals at levels corresponding to agricultural application rates are irrigated with water at a constant rate for 30 days. Leachate samples collected daily from the lysimeter columns and soil cores obtained at the completion of the experiment are analyzed for the test chemicals. The observed concentrations are compared with the model predictions to establish how well the model can simulate the actual situation. Prior to the initiation of such an experiment (5 lysimeter
Diesel NOx Catalytic Converter Development: A Review (1996)

This paper summarizes the findings of several technical articles on diesel NOx catalytic converter technology. Simplified theoretical reactions for NOx removal are discussed. Currently, development of catalytic NOx control technology for diesel engines is focused on systems that incorporate fuel hydrocarbons as the chemical reducing agent. Copper-and zeolite-based catalysts have been the predominant systems studied to date, but now catalysts containing precious metals are being investigated. Observed NOx reduction efficiencies typically ranged from 10 to 30 percent on actual engine exhaust systems when exhaust hydrocarbon enrichment strategies were used. Effects of carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and water on NOx reduction efficiencies are reviewed. Recommendations for future research include attempts to broaden the temperature range of efficient NOx reduction, improving hydrocarbon selectivity toward the NOx reduction reaction, and the development of a supplementary reductant delivery system suitable for transient diesel engine operation.
Analysis of stimulated Raman scattering in cw kW fiber oscillators (2014)

In this paper the threshold for Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) is analyzed experimentally and theoretically for monolithic LMA cq kW fiber oscillators. Four oscillators with different spectral widths of the low reflecting (LR) Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBG) (0.04 nm, 0.5 nm, 1.5 nm (FWHM) and without LR grating) were characterized. Experimental it was found that threshold of SRS depends on the spectral width of the out coupling FBGs, which is not yet understood completely. Attempts to describe such lasers by simulations are based on nonlinear Schrödinger equation supporting spectral broadening of cw-fiber laser, rate equation gain as well as broadband Raman gain. The experimental results and the simulations were compared and discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Family of Rare Earth Iron Nitrides (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Low-cost automatic system for the control of the surface quality of coated and uncoated wafers (2013)

An automatic system for the characterization of the surface quality of wafers is presented. It is based on the imaging of the surface defects scattered light. Detailed procedure and experimental data are presented.
Measuring air–sea gas-exchange velocities in a large-scale annular wind–wave tank (2015)

Abstract. In this study we present gas-exchange measurements conducted in a large-scale wind–wave tank. Fourteen chemical species spanning a wide range of solubility (dimensionless solubility, α = 0.4 to 5470) and diffusivity (Schmidt number in water, Scw = 594 to 1194) were examined under various turbulent (u10 = 0.73 to 13.2 m s−1) conditions. Additional experiments were performed under different surfactant modulated (two different concentration levels of Triton X-100) surface states. This paper details the complete methodology, experimental procedure and instrumentation used to derive the total transfer velocity for all examined tracers. The results presented here demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method, and the derived gas-exchange velocities are shown to be comparable to previous investigations. The gas transfer behaviour is exemplified by contrasting two species at the two solubility extremes, namely nitrous oxide (N2O) and methanol (CH3OH). Interestingly, a strong transfer velocity reduction (up to a factor of 3) was observed for the relatively insoluble N2O under a surfactant covered water surface. In contrast, the surfactant effect for CH3OH, the high solubility tracer, was significantly weaker.
Preparation of Nanophase Hydroxyapatite via Self Propagating High Temperature Synthesis (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Experimental Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgements
B218 Study on Liquid film Dryout and Re-wetting behavior (2001)

This paper deals with the liquid film dryout and re-wetting behavior under BWR (Boiling Water Reactor) condition. The re-wetting behavior has not been made fully clear. Therefore, the transient BT (Boiling Transition) tests performed with BWR fuel moke-up bundle. 12 thermo-couples were installed in one of heater rods at same radial direction. The test results showed that the BT firstly occurred at just upstream of the spacer, then, BT propagates to upstream, and finally rewetting occurred from upstream at each interval of the spacers. It was also found that the re-wetting propagation velocity depends on the wall super heat temperature.
Skin sterols. VIII. Effects of carcinogens, co-carcinogens, and of certain hyperplastic agents. (1955)

1. A single application of methylcholanthrene to the skins of mice caused a decrease in the concentration of Δ7-cholestenol that was detectable by the 2d day. The maximum decrease was usually attained by the 5th day, and recovery of normal concentrations of Δ7-cholestenol was not complete until the 25th day. The decrease in the concentration of the Δ7-cholestenol of the epidermis was proportional to the amount of methylcholanthrene applied, the maximum being a loss of 88 per cent of the Δ7-cholestenol originally present.

2. In contrast to mice, the sterols of rat skin were altered much more slowly when methylcholanthrene was applied daily for 18 weeks.

3. The potent carcinogenic hydrocarbons, 20-methylcholanthrene, 1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene, 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene, and 3,4-benzpyrene caused a marked decrease in the concentration of Δ7-cholestenol in mouse skin. The weak carcinogen, 1,2-benzanthracene, was less effective in altering skin sterols. The co-carcinogen croton oil and three of four mineral oils also caused significant decreases in the Δ7-cholestenol of mouse skin.

4. Noncarcinogenic substances related to the carcinogenic hydrocarbons had no effect on the sterols of mouse skin. The hyperplastic agents oleic acid, turpentine, vitamin A, and scarlet red were likewise without effect.
Molecular reinforcement: A force field evaluation (1996)

Abstract Computer simulations on the basis of a force field approach are used to test the concept of molecular reinforcement and to get an insight into the parameters controlling the reinforcement effect. The finding is that molecular reinforcement may be as effective as fiber reinforcement. The molecular interactions between the matrix and the rigid molecules replace the adhesion between fiber and matrix and the axial ratio of the molecules plays the same role as the axial ratio of the fiber in the case of fiber reinforcement.
Criteria for Determining Tolerable Erosion Rates (1985)

Specifying how much erosion can be tolerated is meaningful only if erosion rates can be estimated and the effects of erosion determined. During the 1950s and early 1960s, regional workshops were held on developing a procedure to estimate allowable soil loss. Soil-loss tolerances would be set for the sole purpose of maintaining crop productivity, whereas soil loss limits would have the objective of reducing sediment loads from a watershed. To assign T values more accurately, soil productivity must be defined more specifically. Soil formation is the result of a complex interaction of vegetation and parent material, as conditioned by climate, acting on topography over time. The early phases of soil formation, such as accumulation of organic matter and leaching of soluble salts, are considered desirable with respect to crop production. Soil horizons categorized according to physical and chemical properties have been identified as diagnostic horizons.
Complete Monosaccharide Analysis by High-Performance Anion-Exchange Chromatography with Pulsed Amperometric Detection (2012)

Monosaccharide analysis is a critical way to profile the composition of complex carbohydrates. Methods to analyze neutral and amino sugars have been established for a long time, but methods for acidic sugars are rare. The acidic sugars, including uronic acids and sialic acids, are also important components in some complex carbohydrates. In this report, a high-performance anion-exchange chromatography method with pulsed amperometric detection was initially developed to analyze acidic sugars including different uronic acids and sialic acids. Subsequently, a method to profile complete monosaccharides, including most neutral, amino, and acidic sugars, was developed. This method has a limit of quantitation of ~12.5 × 10(-3) nmol for each sugar as well as good linearity over a wide range. This is a convenient procedure because it avoids additional derivatization of monosaccharides and has a broad application to a wide range of complex carbohydrates. The monosaccharide compositions of a variety of complex carbohydrates such as different glycosaminoglycans, alginate, fucoidan, and glycans were profiled by this comprehensive method. In addition, the hydrolysis patterns of these complex carbohydrates are discussed.
Regulatory cell-mediated tolerance does not protect against chronic rejection (2003)

Regulatory cells that prevent graft loss to acute rejection in primary and secondary grafts do not protect against the development of chronic rejection.
On the Concerted Mechanism of Thiophene Hydrogenolysis by Bimetallic Sulphide HDS Catalysts in terms of the Interacting Bonds Method (1991)

The enthalpy of adsorption of thiophene, tetrahydrothiophene and H2S on the Ni(Co) atoms of the sulphide bimetallic species (SBMS) of hydrodesulphurisation catalysts has been estimated in terms of the Interacting Bonds Method (IBM).
Carbohydrate Antigens: Synthesis Aspects and Immunological Applications in Cancer (2006)

Tumor Associated Carbohydrate Antigens (TACAs) constitute powerful tools as tumor markers and as targets for anticancer immunotherapy. In this review, methods of production of glycopeptide-based vaccines, as well as results of preclinical and clinical studies in cancer patients are discussed.
Electromyographic Responses of Distal Ankle Musculature of Standing Hemiplegic Patients to Continuous Anterior-Posterior Perturbations During Imposed Weight Transfer over the Affected Leg (1989)

This study was undertaken to evaluate the influence of weight shift over the affected leg of standing hemiplegic patients on the electromyographic responses of the medial gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior muscles during continuous anterior-posterior movements of the base of support. Recordings were taken from 10 hemiplegic subjects and from 9 healthy subjects of comparable age. Each subject was first tested standing with both feet on a level surface and then with either leg (in healthy subjects) or the unaffected leg (in hemiplegic subjects) raised on a step. The second testing position caused unloading of the elevated leg and weight shift, that is, loading of the other leg. The measured variables were modulation of muscular activity, determined by a modulation index formulated for that purpose, and the relative amount of integrated electromyographic activity in each muscle. Changes in both variables in the uneven stance position as compared with even stance, occurred primarily in the unaffected (unloaded) leg in the hemiplegic subjects. These changes were comparable to changes in the unloaded leg of the healthy subjects. Thus, imposed loading on the affected leg of the hemiplegic subjects did not significantly improve either the reduced modulation or the relatively low IEMG activity of the investigated muscles. Further studies are required to evaluate the contribution of weight shift to recovery of postural responses in the affected leg of hemiplegic patients.
High Doses of Methylprednisolone with or without Alizapride in the Prevention of Cisplatin-Induced Emesis (1988)

Fifty-two patients undergoing cisplatin-based chemotherapy were randomized to receive either methylprednisolone (1 g i.v. total dose) or methylprednisolone plus alizapride (800 mg i.v. total dose). Major control of emesis (less than or equal to 2 episodes of vomiting) was obtained in around 30% of patients, without difference between the two arms. The combined antiemetic treatment was significantly superior to the single drug in reducing overall number of vomiting episodes (median: 4 vs. 9), duration of emesis (2 vs. 4.5 h), and number of patients with more than 5 vomiting episodes (47.5 vs. 62.5%). Both antiemetic regimens had negligible toxicity and were easily given to outpatients. Though some superiority has been shown for the combined treatment over the single methylprednisolone, the low rate of major control of emesis does not warrant for further investigations of this regimen in cisplatin-treatment patients.
Metabolism of menadione-6,7-3H (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMetabolism of menadione-6,7-3HWilliam V. Taggart and John T. MatschinerCite this: Biochemistry 1969, 8, 3, 1141–1146Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00831a047https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00831a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views127Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Initiation of reactive mixtures in a ram accelerator (1997)

The Ram accelerator (RAMAC) is an aerothermochemical device aimed at accelerating a projectile up to an hypersonic speed. It is based on the firing of an under-calibrated and biconical body in a tube filled with a dense gaseous reactive mixture. The shape of the projectile must be designed in order to trigger the combustion and control its appropriate location at the rear of the projectile, where the flow expands, once it has been compressed on the conical nose. The pressure increase due to the combustion of the gaseous mixture generates a thrust that accelerates the projectile. The different types of combustion, namely deflagration or detonation, yield two different propulsion modes termed subdetonative and superdetonative, respectively. Depending on whether the projectile speed is lesser or greater than the theoretical Chapman-Jouguet detonation velocity, the main difficulty lies on the control and possibly the prevention of the transition from deflagration to detonation. A phenomenon called unstart occurs when a detonation is initiated and overtakes the projectile, yielding a reverse thrust on the forebody. The knowledge of both the real aerothermal conditions in the flow, i.e. the pressure and temperature distributions, and the kinetic behavior of the combustible gaseous mixture under various conditions, is required, in order to avoid such phenomenon. Experimental and numerical tools, i.e., a non reactive and steady Navier-Stokes code, are used at ISL to provide helpful data in order to operate the ram accelerator in the subdetonative propulsion mode. Pressure and temperature can be estimated in specific locations in the flow when the projectile enters the tube. The relevance of these calculations is being highlighted by available data obtained experimentally in the 30mm ram accelerator. Projectile shape is examined and a variety of results are provided, ranging from noninitiation of the mixture to direct transition to detonation. Experimental investigations on detonation of gaseous mixtures were also conducted in a 90mm caliber ram accelerator. A normal shock was generated by a supersonic piston entering a section of the detonation tube filled with an inert gas, yielding a transmitted normal shock wave into the reactive mixture located in the adjacent test section.
Studies on Sphingolipids. VIII. Separation of the Diastereoisomeric Dihydrosphingosines. A Simplified Synthesis<sup>1</sup> (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudies on Sphingolipids. VIII. Separation of the Diastereoisomeric Dihydrosphingosines. A Simplified Synthesis1David Shapiro and Tuvia SheradskyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1963, 28, 8, 2157Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01043a514https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01043a514research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views42Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
GSK3 Temporally Regulates Neurogenin 2 Proneural Activity in the Neocortex (2012)

The neocortex is comprised of six neuronal layers that are generated in a defined temporal sequence. While extrinsic and intrinsic cues are known to regulate the sequential production of neocortical neurons, how these factors interact and function in a coordinated manner is poorly understood. The proneural gene Neurog2 is expressed in progenitors throughout corticogenesis, but is only required to specify early-born, deep-layer neuronal identities. Here, we examined how neuronal differentiation in general and Neurog2 function in particular are temporally controlled during murine neocortical development. We found that Neurog2 proneural activity declines in late corticogenesis, correlating with its phosphorylation by GSK3 kinase. Accordingly, GSK3 activity, which is negatively regulated by canonical Wnt signaling, increases over developmental time, while Wnt signaling correspondingly decreases. When ectopically activated, GSK3 inhibits Neurog2-mediated transcription in cultured cells and Neurog2 proneural activities in vivo. Conversely, a reduction in GSK3 activity promotes the precocious differentiation of later stage cortical progenitors without influencing laminar fate specification. Mechanistically, we show that GSK3 suppresses Neurog2 activity by influencing its choice of dimerization partner, promoting heterodimeric interactions with E47 (Tcfe2a), as opposed to Neurog2-Neurog2 homodimer formation, which occurs when GSK3 activity levels are low. At the functional level, Neurog2-E47 heterodimers have a reduced ability to transactivate neuronal differentiation genes compared with Neurog2-Neurog2 homodimers, both in vitro and in vivo. We thus conclude that the temporal regulation of Neurog2-E47 heterodimerization by GSK3 is a central component of the neuronal differentiation "clock" that coordinates the timing and tempo of neocortical neurogenesis in mouse.