gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reduction of Mucoid <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> Adherence to Intraocular Lenses by Selected Antimicrobial Agents (1999)

The effect of low concentrations of various antimicrobial agents on the adherence of mucoid Staphylococcus epidermidis to intraocular lenses was investigated. Adherent growth of S. epidermidis on to polymethylmethacrylate lenses was greatly diminished by ciprofloxacin and clindamycin (>75%), followed by ceftazidime ( approximately 50%) and less affected by gentamicin and vancomycin (<25%) compared to the adherent growth of control untreated cells. The reduction in adherence growth was concentration-dependent and found to be due to the inhibition of slime production since no growth inhibition was observed at the concentrations used. Cell surface hydrophobicity was markedly reduced in parallel to the inhibition of adherence as compared to the control cells. The differential effect of antibiotics on adherence, regardless of their antimicrobial activity, may have a clinical significance in reducing the incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis and intraocular inflammation due to the reduction of cell adherence.
$alpha;1A-adrenergic receptor polymorphism and vascular response*1, *2 (2004)

We conclude that the Arg347Cys receptor polymorphism does not alter agonist-mediated venoconstriction in vivo.
Building social capital with mobile communication services (2013)

People may use different kinds of mobile communication services depending on if they are communicating with, for instance, friends, acquaintances or strangers. Thus, in this paper bonding and bridging social capital is studied in the context of two mobile communication services, short message services (SMSs) and voice calls. In Granovetter's terms, bridging social capital refers to communication with weak or absent ties, while bonding social capital refers to communication with strong ties. We find that both SMSs and voice calls are used for bonding and bridging social capital, but SMSs are used more for bonding purposes than voice calls. Furthermore, media multiplexity is more associated with bonding than bridging social capital. We also present a method for studying social capital in the context of other, newer mobile communication services, and present results of a pilot study. The implications of the results are discussed from a number of perspectives including communication research, social network analysis (SNA) and mobile operators.
Temporal lines and probabilities of sagittal crest development in hominoids : scientific notes (2005)

Riesenfield (1955) described variability in the development of temporal lines, which can on occasion meet to form a sagittal crest in a diversity of mammals.
Diffusion-weighted Endorectal MR Imaging at 3 T for Prostate Cancer: Tumor Detection and Assessment of Aggressiveness (2011)

Combined DW and T2-weighted MR imaging had similar performance to T2-weighted MR imaging alone for tumor detection; however, DW MR imaging provided additional quantitative information that significantly correlated with prostate cancer aggressiveness.
SparkGIS (2017)

Much effort has been devoted to support high performance spatial queries on large volumes of spatial data in distributed spatial computing systems, especially in the MapReduce paradigm. Recent works have focused on extending spatial MapReduce frameworks to leverage high performance in-memory distributed processing capabilities of systems such as Spark. However, the performance advantage comes with the requirement of having enough memory and comprehensive configuration. Failing to fulfill this falls back to disk IO, defeating the purpose of such systems or in worst case gets out of memory and fails the job. The problem is aggravated further for spatial processing since the underlying in-memory systems are oblivious of spatial data features and characteristics. In this paper we present SparkGIS - an in-memory oriented spatial data querying system for high throughput and low latency spatial query handling by adapting Apache Spark's distributed processing capabilities. It supports basic spatial queries including containment, spatial join and <i>k</i>-nearest neighbor and allows extending these to complex query pipelines. SparkGIS mitigates skew in distributed processing by supporting several dynamic partitioning algorithms suitable for a rich set of contemporary application scenarios. Multilevel global and local, pre-generated and on-demand in-memory indexes, allow SparkGIS to prune input data and apply compute intensive operations on a subset of relevant spatial objects only. Finally, SparkGIS employs dynamic query rewriting to gracefully manage large spatial query workflows that exceed available distributed resources. Our comparative evaluation has shown that the performance of SparkGIS is on par with contemporary Spark based platforms for relatively smaller queries and outperforms them for larger data and memory intensive workflows by dynamic query rewriting and efficient spatial data management.
IC‐P‐124: Navigator Correction Technique for High‐Resolution Imaging of AD Patients (2010)

Many neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) are accompanied by changes in local iron concentration and the deposition of amyloid beta plaques. Heavily T2*-weighted imaging sequences at high magnetic field strength (7 Tesla and above), show high potential for detecting small changes in iron concentration and possibly amyloid plaques. However, these sequences require a long echo time in combination with a long scanning time for high resolution and are therefore prone to image artifacts. Very detailed high resolution T2*-weighted images at 7T have been reported recently in healthy volunteers (1,2). However application of the same sequence in AD patients showed a drastically reduced image quality. In this study the influence of motion and physiologically-induced resonance frequency (f0) fluctuations on the images was investigated. A navigator echo correction technique was implemented to measure and correct for f0 fluctuations (3). A high-resolution T2*-weighted sequence with parameters: TR/TE/flip angle = 796 ms/25 ms/45°, voxel size = 0.24x0.24x1 mm3, 20 slices was used. Scan duration was 10 minutes. Images were reconstructed with and without navigator echo correction. All scans were performed on a Philips 7T Achieva system. The relative contributions of translational motion, rotation and f0 fluctuations to the image artifacts were investigated and it was found that f0 fluctuations have the major effect on the amount of artifacts in heavily T2*-weighted images at high field. A small fraction of the measured temporal fluctuations is displayed in 1a) and 1b) for a healthy subject and an AD patient, respectively. A clear difference between the two can be seen. Corresponding images are shown in 1c and d. When the images are corrected for f0 fluctuations considerable improvements in image quality are obtained, visible in figure 1e-g. This method was applied in 7 AD patients and 13 control subjects. We have shown that f0 fluctuations are the major cause of artifacts in high-resolution T2*-weighted sequences at 7T. By incorporation of navigator echoes it was possible to correct for these f0 fluctuations resulting in a substantial increase in image quality. 1.Li, NeuroImage. 2006 2.Duyn, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2007 3.Durand, Magn Reson Med. 2001;46:198-201.
Simulation of Temperature Distribution for Various Electrode Configurations in Radiofrequency Ablation of the Liver Cancer (2005)

The in vivo conductivity of the liver tissue measured at 460kHz was 3.27±0.28S/m. Current and temperature distributions were calculated using the finite element method (FEM) and the measured conductivity in order to show better configurations of the electrodes used in radiofrequency ablation. Two FEM models were made for straight electrodes, and another two FEM models for hook electrodes. When two active straight electrodes were used and the power was put on and off, the total applied energy became less than when a straight electrode and a dispersive electrode were used. The two pairs of four hook electrodes produced the largest volume of ablation, but they might cause a problem because of their size when they were inserted into the liver.
Model Experiments on the Stirring of New Optical Glasses (1960)

The new optical glasses of borate system containing rare elements are usually melted in a platinum crucible. As the physical properties in molten state as well as the capacity of melting pot of such new glasses are entirely different from those of ordinary optical glasses the method of stirring which gives the maximum efficiency would be quite different from the conventional type. The authors, therefore, carried out a series of model experiments in order to establish the basic principles of the new method of stirring.The experiments covered the wide range of viscosity using different types of stirring rods and the mechanisms. And as the criterion of satisfying the conditions of similitude were used the Reynolds and Froude numbers.From the results of measuring the mixing velocity it was found out that the relation between the number of revolution of stirring rod, N, and the time required for complete mixing, θ, may be expressed as, Na⋅θ=k, in which the constants a and k increase with increasing viscosity.For the liquids of the viscosities of 100-102 poises the crank type stirring rod was better by far as compared with the conventional type, propeller type and screw type rods, the fact which was proved also from the results of calculating the mixing energy.For studying the mixing of the surface and bottom striae the liquids having different densities and surface tensions were put in thin layers to the corresponding points. In this case the crank type rod proved to be most efficient.Furthermore, the mixing efficiency was improved to some degree by revolving the crucible itself and by changing the depth of immersion of stirring rod.The conventional method was found to be less efficient for removing the vertical striae standing at the center of the crucible. It was, however, possible to remove rapidly the striae by crank type rod introduced through the furnace top, since this system was possible to increase the number of revolution without rolling up the bubbles.The results obtained by model experiments were confirmed with success by practical works.
Performance of a Continuous Move Irrigation Control and Monitoring System (2006)

Precision irrigation systems can have inherent errors that affect the accuracy of variablewater application rate and affect the transferability of the control system. The objective of this paperwas to assess the performance, and transferability of a remote irrigation monitoring and controlsystem (RIMCS) designed for precision water management on continuous move irrigation systems.The RIMCS varies water application rate by pulsing nozzles controlled by solenoids connected viarelays to a single board computer (SBC) with wireless Ethernet connection to a remote server. Thesystem also monitors irrigation system flow, pressure, and position and accommodates wirelesssensor networks installed in the field. The system was installed on a linear move (LM) irrigationsystem in the lower Yakima Valley of eastern Washington State and on a LM in the Nesson Valley ofwestern North Dakota. For the Washington LM, four pre-defined irrigation patterns were imposedunder each of two spans and variable rates were applied as a percentage of the nozzle baseapplication rate. Each nozzle was pulsed to create the intended irrigation pattern across the spanlength and along the LM travel direction. Tests were conducted in the months of June, August andSeptember 2005. For the North Dakota LM, a quadratic pattern was imposed pulsing banks ofnozzles along the LM travel direction. Standard catch can tests were performed at the middle of theirrigation pattern blocks, at the blocks boundaries and for the typical LM sprinkler application pattern.The system performance was evaluated using catch can water depth error assessment whencompared to set target values. Variable water application depths using the RIMCS created the targetapplication patterns with application accuracies in the range of uniform application uniformitycoefficients of 88 96%. The RIMCS was successfully transferred to another LM in North Dakota.
The Effect of Overlapped Scanning Lines in Vidicon (1967)

ビジコンの走査線に重なりがあると, 線蓄積効果によって, どんなに遅い緩速走査でも撮像が可能になることがわかった.この効果を説明するために, 近似の条件で解析を行ない, 二, 三の緩速走査の実験によって, これを確かめた.この効果は静止した物体を緩速走査で撮像するのに適するが, 動く物体に対しては残像こそないが, 像が走査線ごとにずれるので適さない.今後, ファクシミルやテレビ電話などへの応用が期待される.
Polymer Supported Organic Synthesis: A Review (1996)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Solid-Phase Organic Synthesis and Analytics Examples of Solid-Phase Syntheses of Small Molecules Oligomer Synthesis Outlook
A Different Approach to Measuring Pedestrian Friction: The CEBTP Skidmeter (1978)

The test method described in this article has contributed to a better understanding of the variables involved in the evaluation of pedestrian friction. The objectives in the development of the portable pedestrian skidmeter were an improvement in test repeatability by increasing the length of the friction measurement; the elimination of operator influence on the results; the recording of the tangential force to enable a more objective test interpretation; the possibility of apparatus calibration before each series of tests; and the evaluation of two friction modes with either flat or inclined blocks representing sole or heel.
Charts for the Analysis of Flow in a Whirling Duct (1957)

Charts are developed for the analysis of flow in a whirling constantdiameter duct.These charts permit the determination of the duct-exit Mach number, or the Mach number at any point along the duct, for practical ranges of duct-inlet Mach number, duct-tip Mach number, friction factor, ratio of ambient temperature to duct-flow total temperature, ratio of duct-tip radius to duct hydraulic diameter, and heat conductivity through the duct wall and surrounding mxterial.The method of using the charts is illustrated through the computation of a sample problem.
Target apex-seeking in factor analysis of medical image sequences (1993)

The aim of factor analysis of medical image sequences (FAMIS) is to estimate a limited number of physical or physiological fundamental functions. Its oblique rotation stage strongly affects the quality and the interpretation of the resulting estimates (factors and factor images). A new target apex-seeking method which integrates physical or physiological knowledge in this stage is described. This knowledge concerns some of the fundamental functions and reacts on the determination of all the factors. A simulated spectral study illustrates the method. We discuss its properties in comparison with the other approaches using a priori physical or physiological information.
Free-space optical communications performance in the presence of interfering laser signals (2005)

Free-space optics (FSO) is a technology that uses modulated optical beams to transmit information in a line-of-sight fashion to achieve a high-bandwidth communications link. FSO technology has been investigated for military and civilian “last mile” applications for many years and, more recently, has generated interest for space-based applications. As the use of FSO technology grows, the potential for optical interference that degrades FSO network performance, whether intentional (jamming) or otherwise, becomes a matter of increasing importance. The investigation described in this paper examined the effects of interference upon the operation and performance of a point-to-point FSO link connecting two virtual local area networks. The sources of interference were laser pulses of varying energy, wavelength, and repetition rate produced from a nitrogen-pumped, tunable dye laser. The study evaluated the effect upon FSO link performance of varying the output power of the interfering source for a fixed wavelength, of varying the wavelength of the source for a fixed power, and of varying the pulse repetition rate of the source. The results of the study indicated that FSO link performance was negatively influenced by such interference.
Perception-based line quality measurement (2005)

It is well-known that many sub-attributes of line quality contribute to the perception of the overall line quality. But the relative importance of these sub-attributes is not clear, nor is there a method available for combining them into one representative number for overall line quality. To address these issues, we have designed and conducted a series of psychophysical experiments, which explore the shape of the human visual transfer functions (VTF) relevant to the perception of three selected sub-attributes: lumpiness, waviness and raggedness. We found that human sensitivity to these sub-attributes can be represented by VTF’s of the same shape but with relative perception weighting factors of 6:4:3 respectively. Based on this, we have proposed an approach to assess overall line quality. In our method, we first pre-process the line image acquired and extract certain profiles relevant to line quality measurement. A set of corresponding VTF’s is then applied to these profiles to calculate the various sub-attributes. Finally, overall line quality is determined by the weighted combination of these individual sub-attributes. These preference weights (1:1:3 for lumpiness, waviness and raggedness respectively) are different from the perception weights mentioned earlier. Our preliminary results show that this measurement correlates well with human perception of overall line quality, for the sub-attributes studied.
Influenza A Virus RNA Polymerase Has the Ability To Stutter at the Polyadenylation Site of a Viral RNA Template during RNA Replication (1999)

The viral polymerase of influenza virus, a negative-strand RNA virus, is believed to polyadenylate the mRNAs by stuttering at a stretch of five to seven uridine residues which are located close to the 5' ends of the viral RNA templates. However, a mechanism of polyadenylation based on a template-independent synthesis of the poly(A) tail has not been excluded. In this report, we present new evidence showing the inherent ability of the viral polymerase to stutter at the poly(U) stretch of a viral RNA template during RNA replication. Variants which possess 1- to 13-nucleotide-long insertions at the poly(U) stretch have been identified. These results support a stuttering mechanism for the polyadenylation of influenza virus mRNAs.
<title>High-power cw Nd:YAG lasers pumped with fiber-coupled diode lasers</title> (1996)

We report on diode laser side-pumped, cw Nd:YAG rod lasers operating at output powers of several hundred Watts. Applying fiber-coupled diode lasers as pump sources, linear pump power densities of more than 200 W/cm are attainable. A nearly free adjustment of the pump light distribution inside the laseractive medium allows a significant decrease of thermally- induced effects and minimizes aberration-related losses. In multimode operation at 1064 nm, output powers of more than 320 W cw are observed. Applying an improved resonator design, output powers of more than 80 W in TEM<SUB>00</SUB> mode operation are realized with an optical- to-optical efficiency of more than 20%. Frequency conversion into the visible spectral range with optical-to-optical efficiencies (green power to pump power) of 5% is realized by intracavity second harmonic generation in KTP crystals. Thermal properties and laser performance of laser systems excited by fiber-coupled diode lasers will be discussed.
DNS OF PASSIVE SCALAR FIELD WITH MEAN GRADIENT IN FRACTAL-GENERATED TURBULENCE (2009)

Turbulent flow field and passive scalar field in the spatially developing grid-generated turbulence are investigated by means of the direct numerical simulation (DNS). Two types of grids are numerically constructed using a immersed boundary method: the one is a classical biplane square grid and the other is a fractal grid which was firstly used in a wind tunnel by Hurst and Vassilicos (2007) and Seoud and Vassilicos (2007). Two types of passive scalar fields are calculated: the one is a diffusion of a passive scalar with a constant mean gradient and the other is a scalar mixing layer. To ensure the numerical accuracy, fully conservative high order accurate finite different schemes for full staggerd grid system are used. Fundermental flow and scalar fields are presented in this paper.
<i>Dorylaimellus egmonti</i> n. sp. (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) from Taranaki, New Zealand (1984)

Abstract Dorylaimellus egmonti n. sp. from New Zealand can be distinguished from D. montenegricus Andrássy, 1959, and from D. monticolus Clark, 1963, by the presence of prominent globular structures in the anterior part of the oesophageal bulb. It is further distinguished from D. montenegricus by the relatively longer basal oesophageal bulb, and from D. monticolus by the differently shaped tail.
Closed-form solutions for SOFAR ray caustics in media with bilinear sound-speed profiles (1974)

In an unbounded medium with a bilinear sound-speed profile composed of two constant-gradient layers separated by an interface at the depth of minimum sound speed, SOFAR rays are generated which are continuously refracted towards the channel axis. The existence conditions for real roots of the acquiring-ray cubic and quartic equations treated herein facilitate the determination of the caustic equations. When the condition is imposed that the discriminant of the cubic or quartic equation be zero valued, the caustic equation emerges as the boundary line along which repeated roots occur. Two general cases are examined: (a) receiver and source in same layer, and (b) receiver and source in different layers. Explicit, closed-form solutions are obtained for most of the caustics by exploitation of reciprocity considerations and by reduction-to-single reflection or crossing arguments. Only rays which cross the interface without undergoing either a surface or bottom reflection are treated.
A 22-Gb/s and over-33-mega-frame/s throughput bridge-function unit in a low-latency OLT LSI for the coexistence of 10G-EPON and GE-PON (2011)

A multifunctional bridge function unit (BRG) and buffer function unit were developed for the OLT LSI for the coexistence of 10G-EPON and GE-PON and implemented in 40-nm CMOS. The units comply with the 10G-EPON standard. The BRG features a high-speed search engine, dual-rate data processing, a low-latency datapath architecture, and a VLAN function. The MAC address search engine enables 22-Gb/s and 33-mega-frame/s throughput by the application of a hash function. The search engine for table look-up enables 11-Gb/s and 16.4-mega-frame/s throughput by the application of eight-frame parallel processing and a pipeline configuration. The full-wire rate throughput is achieved for 10- and 1-Gb/s frames simultaneously.
Permanent Dipole of Metal−Benzene Molecules: Evidence for Long-Range Weakly Bound States? (2003)

International audience
Triradiate Cartilage Injury (1987)

Acetabular fractures in children are not uncommon, but traumatic disruption of the acetabular triradiate cartilage occurs infrequently and may be associated with acetabular dysplasia and subluxation of the hip. The triradiate cartilage is at risk from birth to closure. The earlier the age at the time of injury, the greater the chance of acetabular dysplasia. In two cases of triradiate cartilage injury, one had premature closure of the triradiate cartilage with subsequent acetabular dysplasia requiring acetabular reconstruction. A review of the literature reveals ten other cases of acetabular dysplasia after injury to the triradiate cartilage. A review of all 11 cases reveals age to be the most significant factor in the development of acetabular dysplasia, with the greatest degree of growth disturbance occurring in young patients.