gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of cross-reacting serotypes of <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> (1989)

Some strains of Campylobacter jejuni react with more than one reference antiserum from the serotyping scheme based on heat-stable lipopolysaccharide antigens. To investigate the molecular basis of these cross-reactions, lipopolysaccharides from the reference strains for serotypes 4, 13, 16, 43, and 50 and isolates recovered during two different outbreaks of C. jejuni enteritis were analyzed by passive haemagglutination and sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis coupled with silver staining or immunoblotting. The results showed that lipopolysaccharides from the reference strains and the isolates reacted with antisera prepared against heterologous strains in various combinations and that both silver-stainable, low Mr and non-silver-stainable, high Mr lipopolysaccharide components provided the antigenic determinants associated with the cross-reactions. There were strain-to-strain differences in the structural and antigenic properties of these macromolecules and shared antigenic determinants were not always provided by a common structure. Analysis of the silver-stained lipopolysaccharide profiles, outer membrane protein patterns, and chromosomal DNA restriction patterns indicated that strains with the same lipopolysaccharide profile could have the same outer membrane protein pattern and the same DNA restriction pattern. These results provided evidence for the presence of clones within this antigenic complex and implicated antigenic variation in some strains as the phenomenon responsible for the multiplicity of cross-reactions.
Surface Plasmon Resonance for Biosensing (2022)

The rise of photonics technologies has driven an extremely fast evolution in biosensing applications. Such rapid progress has created a gap of understanding and insight capability in the general public about advanced sensing systems that have been made progressively available by these new technologies. Thus, there is currently a clear need for moving the meaning of some keywords, such as plasmonic, into the daily vocabulary of a general audience with a reasonable degree of education. The selection of the scientific works reported in this book is carefully balanced between reviews and research papers and has the purpose of presenting a set of applications and case studies sufficiently broad enough to enlighten the reader attention toward the great potential of plasmonic biosensing and the great impact that can be expected in the near future for supporting disease screening and stratification.
Protestas obreras en el noreste de Chubut: textiles y metalúrgicos en la década de 1990 (2008)

Entre 1990 y 2000, considerado para Argentina como un periodo que comienza con la imposicion de la hegemonia del capital financiero y caracterizado por el avance del proyecto neoliberal, los trabajadores del noreste del Chubut fueron realizando diversas experiencias acerca de como resistir este proceso de pauperizacion y expulsion de sus territorios sociales. En este trabajo realizamos una aproximacion desde el analisis de las protestas obreras que realizan dos sectores claves de la economia regional: los trabajadores textiles y los metalurgicos. A su vez abordamos los cambios que se producen en la estructura economica social de la region, observando como impacta este proceso en la vida y las formas de lucha que desarrollan estos trabajadores en su intento de resistir el proceso. Durante estos anos se produjeron cambios en la lucha de la clase obrera y en sus formas de organizacion y tambien en la burguesia, que iba realizando diversas partes de su proyecto a traves de la creacion de la desocupacion estructural, el disciplinamiento de la clase obrera y la mayor explotacion de la fuerza de trabajo ocupada. La descripcion y el analisis de algunos de los principales conflictos permitiran entender en mayor profundidad el desarrollo de este proceso.
DC-DC Converter with Reduced Stress UsingSwitched Inductor Technique with FeedbackControl (2014)

Conventional DC-DC converters are unable to provide high step up voltage gain due to reverse recovery problem of diodes. In this paper, DC-DC converter using switched inductor technique with feedback control is introduced to achieve high voltage gain without high duty ratio. In the DC-DC converter using switched inductor technique, two inductors with same level of inductance are charged in parallel during the switch on period and are discharged in series during the switch off period. Simulation has been carried out to study the performance of the converter. Further performance comparison of this converter is done with transformer less high step up DC-DC converter.
A New Multi-attribute Optimal Selecting Method for Weapon System through Trapezoidal Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process and Delphi (2006)

The evaluation and selection of weapon system is one of the most important decision issues for military logistic managers. Owing to vague concept frequently represented in decision data, a new group fuzzy multi-attribute decision-making approach is proposed to solve the weapon system optimal selection problem. In the proposed method, the experts' opinions are described by trapezoidal fuzzy numbers, and the fuzzy Delphi method is adopted to adjust each expert's opinion to achieve the consensus condition. By using the logarithmic least square method and trapezoidal fuzzy number arithmetic operations to estimate the normalized fuzzy priority weights, a new trapezoidal fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is presented and consequently the consistency check of fuzzy judgment matrix is avoided. Finally, a practical example of selecting the best unmanned combat air vehicles (UCAV) demonstrated its engineering practicability and examined its effectiveness. The results show that the method is flexible and credible and provides references in intelligent battle command decision-making
Influence of palm fatty acid distillate on rumen degradability and protozoa population in buffaloes (2010)

Oil and fat as energy sources at low cost are relevant in ruminant nutrition. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) on the degradability and ciliate protozoa population in buffalo. Four rumen fistulated buffaloes were fed a basal diet in a Latin square (4×4) design trial. Treatments were designed with four of different levels of PFAD added directly into the rumen: 0; 200; 420 and 500 g/animal/d. High levels of PFAD (420 and 500 g/d) promoted higher degradation of the soluble fraction and lower in potentially degradable fraction of dry matter (DM) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) with lower values of potential and effective degradability in two evaluated grasses, bermudagrass and brachiariagrass. Significant decreases in the total number of protozoa/mL of rumen content, Entodinium and ciliates belonging to subfamily Diplodiniinae were observed at higher level of PFDA addition in the rumen. Also, Epidinium and Holotrich ciliates disappeared from the rumen. Significant correlations were observed of the ciliate concentration and composition as a function of dietary lipids content. Entodinium composition increased from 68.0% to 99.6% and Diplodiniinae reduced from 30.4% to 0.4% with increasing PFAD level indicating higher fat toxicity effect on the Diplodiniinae ciliates than Entodinium species and direct action of the larger ciliates on the fibre degradation.
Molecular-Level Characterization of the Breathing Behavior of the Jungle-Gym-type DMOF-1 Metal–Organic Framework (2012)

Fundamental insights into the molecular mechanisms that determine the breathing behavior of the jungle-gym-type DMOF-1 metal-organic framework upon adsorption of benzene and isopropyl alcohol are gained from computer simulations. In all cases, good agreement is obtained between the calculated and experimental structural parameters. In the case of benzene adsorption, DMOF-1 is predicted to exist in a narrow pore configuration at high loadings and/or low temperature. A structural transition into a large pore configuration is then observed as the temperature increases and/or the loading decreases, which is directly related to the spatial distribution and molecular interactions of the benzene molecules within the pores. The isopropyl alcohol adsorption simulations indicate that DMOF-1 undergoes two distinct structural transitions (from large pore to narrow pore and then back to large pore) as the number of adsorbed molecules increases, which is explained in terms of the formation of hydrogen bonds between the isopropyl molecules and the framework.
User interface tools for object-oriented database systems (1990)

The authors describe an architecture for a user interface for an OODB which is general in nature, independent of variations in the details of an underlying object model, and capable of supporting a variety of user interface requirements. The prototype employs a default interface style based on hybrids of forms and control panels. Within this framework, a tool is built which allows users to declaratively define applications at a high-level of abstraction. Such user interface tools will be a requirement for OODBs in order to permit users to exploit their powerful data and computational models while hiding their complexity. It is also likely that such tools will permit users to specify application-specific user interface behaviour. >
LorSLIM: Low Rank Sparse Linear Methods for Top-N Recommendations (2014)

In this paper, we notice that sparse and low-rank structures arise in the context of many collaborative filtering applications where the underlying graphs have block-diagonal adjacency matrices. Therefore, we propose a novel Sparse and Low-Rank Linear Method (Lor SLIM) to capture such structures and apply this model to improve the accuracy of the Top-N recommendation. Precisely, a sparse and low-rank aggregation coefficient matrix W is learned from Lor SLIM by solving an l1-norm and nuclear norm regularized optimization problem. We also develop an efficient alternating augmented Lagrangian method (ADMM) to solve the optimization problem. A comprehensive set of experiments is conducted to evaluate the performance of Lor SLIM. The experimental results demonstrate the superior recommendation quality of the proposed algorithm in comparison with current state-of-the-art methods.
Decoding algorithm for color QR code: A mobile scanner application (2016)

QR codes have revolutionized the industry because of its larger storage capacity and high damage resistance than the traditional barcodes. Color QR code is the future as it provides much higher encoding capacity that the typical B/W QR codes. We propose a color QR code decoding algorithm for mobile applications by considering the color profile of Red, Green and Blue channels respectively. We have developed a prototype by including various image processing techniques and the open source Zxing library. This paper presents an Android based color QR code decoder implementation and performance evaluation. Experimental results show the high success rate of the methodology implemented.
Safety and Efficacy of Robot-Assisted Kidney Transplantation (2018)

Introduction Robot-assisted kidney transplantation (RAKT) is thought to offer the benefits of faster recovery and fewer wound complications than open kidney transplantation (OKT), and may ultimately improve access to transplantation for obese patients. Our centre began its RAKT programme one year ago, and currently has the largest series in the UK. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of this new procedure. Methods Data from RAKT recipients was compared in a 1:2 ratio to a control group of consecutive OKT recipients. All transplants were performed by the same surgeon. The primary outcome measure was graft function at 3 and 6 months post-transplantation. Secondary outcomes were implantation time, operative time, wound infection rate, return to theatre, and length of stay (LOS). Results We have performed RAKT in 8 patients. All patients received an ABO-compatible live donor graft with single vessels, with no significant differences in donor or recipient characteristics between the groups (table 1). Implantation and operative times were significantly longer in the RAKT group (table 2). All grafts experienced primary function, with no difference between the groups in eGFR at 3 months (62 vs 57mls/min, p=0.76) or at 6 months (57 vs 57mls/min, p=0.95) post-transplant. One patient in the OKT group underwent re-operation for bleeding. There were no wound infections, and median LOS was 6 days in both groups. At the time of writing, graft and patient survival in both groups is 100%. Conclusions RAKT is a technically challenging procedure with a steep learning curve, resulting in longer implantation and operative times. Close co-operation between transplant surgeons, urologists and anaesthetists, specialist training and mentorship in robotic surgery, and the use of intracorporeal ice for graft cooling allows safe progress through this learning curve. This results in equivalent graft outcomes - even in initial cases - to those from OKT.
Satellite Images-based Obstacle Recognition and Trajectory Generation for Agricultural Vehicles (2015)

In this study, a method for the generation of tracking trajectory points, detection and positioning of obstacles in agricultural fields have been presented. Our principal contribution is to produce traceable GPS trajectories for agricultural vehicles to be utilized by path planning algorithms, rather than a new path planning algorithm. The proposed system works with minimal initialization requirements, specifically, a single geographical coordinate entry of an agricultural field. The automation of agricultural plantation requires many aspects to be addressed, many of which have been covered in previous studies. Depending on the type of crop, different agricultural vehicles may be used in the field. However, regardless of their application, they all follow a specified trajectory in the field. This study takes advantage of satellite images for the detection and positioning of obstacles, and the generation of GPS trajectories in the agricultural realm. A set of image processing techniques is applied in Matlab for detection and positioning.
Total chemical synthesis of ubiquitin using BOP reagent: biochemical and immunochemical properties of the purified synthetic product. (1992)

The complete ubiquitin molecule (76 residues) has been synthesized by the solid-phase method of Merrifield by using BOP as the coupling reagent. The crude product was purified by gel filtration, middle-pressure liquid chromatography and ion-exchange chromatography. Seven mg of a ca. 95% pure peptide was finally obtained; the overall yield of the synthesis was 1%. The final product was controlled by amino acid analysis and sequencing, HPLC and FAB-Mass spectrometry. Synthetic ubiquitin was found to be antigenically active in immunoblotting experiments and in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with anti-ubiquitin antibodies as well as with anti-ubiquitin autoantibodies from autoimmune patients. Its activity was controlled in a conjugation enzymatic system and was found similar to that of commercial ubiquitin. The successful total synthesis of ubiquitin opens the way to the preparation of various stable analogs that should be useful for studying the intracellular metabolism of this molecular and its involvement in the protein degradation pathway.
Correlation of analytical and experimental approaches to determine thermally induced PWB warpage (1993)

Thermomechanical design effects in the printed wiring board (PWB) design process are considered, In particular, a research project for developing advanced finite-element method (FEM)-oriented capabilities to simulate thermally induced PWB warpage is reported. The FE analysis results are validated by correlating them with measurements obtained from a separate experimental approach using the shadow Moire method.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Direct Measurement of Free Copper in Serum or Plasma Ultrafiltrate (2009)

Copper is an essential element and, under conditions of overload, a toxicant. A dramatic example of copper toxicity is Wilson disease (WD), a treatable but often fatal condition that is difficult to diagnose and monitor. A method for direct measurement of free copper concentrations in serum or plasma ultrafiltrate by inductively coupled mass spectrometry was developed and validated to assist with diagnosis and monitoring WD. The method was shown to be accurate (94%-109% recoveries), linear (0.5-800 microg/dL [0.08-126 micromol/L]), and precise (coefficient of variation, < 15% over the analytic measurement range). A reference interval (0-10 microg/dL [0-1.6 micromol/L]) was determined parametrically with 137 healthy adult (20-59 years) blood donors. No statistically significant difference was observed in males (n = 69) vs females (n = 68). Free copper concentrations for patients diagnosed with WD were at least 6-fold greater than the upper limit of the reference interval before treatment but fell within the reference interval after treatment.
All-Optical OTDM Add/Drop Multiplexing using Semiconductor Optical Amplifier based Mach-Zehnder Interferometer with improved Extinction Ratio (2001)

Article All-Optical OTDM Add/Drop Multiplexing using Semiconductor Optical Amplifier based Mach-Zehnder Interferometer with improved Extinction Ratio was published on August 1, 2001 in the journal Journal of Optical Communications (volume 22, issue 4).
Distinct Requirements for Optimal Growth and In Vitro Expansion of Human CD34+CD38− Bone Marrow Long-Term Culture-Initiating Cells (LTC-IC), Extended LTC-IC, and Murine In Vivo Long-Term Reconstituting Stem Cells (1999)

Recently, primitive human bone marrow (BM) progenitors supporting hematopoiesis in extended (>60 days) long-term BM cultures were identified. Such extended long-term culture-initiating cells (ELTC-IC) are of the CD34+CD38− phenotype, are quiescent, and are difficult to recruit into proliferation, implicating ELTC-IC as the most primitive human progenitor cells detectable in vitro. However, it remains to be established whether ELTC-IC can proliferate and potentially expand in response to early acting cytokines. Here, CD34+CD38− BM ELTC-IC (12-week) were efficiently recruited into proliferation and expanded in vitro in response to early acting cytokines, but conditions for expansion of ELTC-IC activity were distinct from those of traditional (5-week) LTC-IC and murine long-term repopulating cells. Whereas c-kit ligand (KL), interleukin-3 (IL-3), and IL-6 promoted proliferation and maintenance or expansion of murine long-term reconstituting activity and human LTC-IC, they dramatically depleted ELTC-IC activity. In contrast, KL, flt3 ligand (FL), and megakaryocyte growth and development factor (MGDF) (and KL + FL + IL-3) expanded murine long-term reconstituting activity as well as human LTC-IC and ELTC-IC. Expansion of LTC-IC was most optimal after 7 days of culture, whereas optimal expansion of ELTC-IC activity required 12 days, most likely reflecting the delayed recruitment of quiescent CD34+CD38− progenitors. The need for high concentrations of KL, FL, and MGDF (250 ng/mL each) and serum-free conditions was more critical for expansion of ELTC-IC than of LTC-IC. The distinct requirements for expansion of ELTC-IC activity when compared with traditional LTC-IC suggest that the ELTC-IC could prove more reliable as a predictor for true human stem cell activity after in vitro stem cell manipulation.
Degenerate four-wave mixing from anisotropic artificial Kerr media (1984)

Four-wave mixing from composite artificial Kerr media consisting of ellipsoidal microparticles suspended in a host liquid is discussed. Calculations of nonlinear grating formation and decay times are given in a dynamic model that includes the effect of random collisions on the particulates. Phase-conjugate efficiencies for a model configuration are given as well as operating limits imposed by particulate scattering from the composite.
Direct genetic selection for a specific RNA-protein interaction (1993)

The decision between lytic and lysogenic development of temperate DNA bacteriophages is determined largely by transcriptional regulation through DNA-binding proteins. To determine whether a heterologous RNA-binding activity could control the developmental fate of a DNA bacteriophage, a derivative of P22 was constructed in which the chosen developmental pathway is regulated by an RNA-binding molecule interacting with its RNA target site located in a phage mRNA. In the example presented, lysogenic development of the phage relies upon R17 coat protein expression in the susceptible host cell and the availability of a suitable coat protein binding site encoded by the phage genome. Through the analysis of phage mutants that are able to grow lytically in susceptible cells that express the coat protein, additional insights were obtained regarding the specific interaction of the R17 coat protein with its RNA binding site. This study also suggests a novel and extremely sensitive strategy for selecting RNA-binding activities in vivo.
Extracts of the medicinal herb Sanguisorba officinalis inhibit the entry of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (2013)

Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has been successful in reducing HIV-1-associated morbidity and mortality since its introduction in 1996. It, however, fails to eradicate HIV-1 infection thoroughly. The high cost of life-long HAART and the emergence of drug resistance among HIV-1-infected individuals have brought renewed pressure for the discovery of novel antivirals and alternative medicines. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is one of the mainstreams of complementary and alternative medicine, and serves as rich resources for new drug development. Despite almost 100 plant-derived compounds are in clinical trials, few target HIV-1 infection. In this study, we discovered that extract of <i>Sanguisorba officinalis</i> (SOE) has anti-HIV-1 activities. Using a cell-based assay and single-cycle luciferase reporter viruses pseudotyped with envelopes from HIV-1 or control viruses, we found that SOE exhibited significant inhibitory ability against both CCR5 and CXCR4 tropic HIV-1 (ADA and HXB2) with respective IC<sub>50</sub> values of 1.91±0.16 μg/ml and 3.70±0.53 μg/ml. Interestingly, SOE also inhibited SIV infection but failed to block vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), SARS-CoV and influeunza H5N1 pseudoviruses. Furthermore, we showed that SOE had no effects on post-entry events of HIV-1 replication. It blocked entry by acting on viral envelope directly because SOE pre-treatment with the virus but not with cell lines expressing viral receptors showed the maximal inhibitory activity. In addition, SOE was able to inhibit reverse-transcription-inhibitor-resistant viruses (K103N, Y188L, and K103N/Y188L/G190A) and a protease-inhibitor-resistant strain (PI-2840). Our findings demonstrated SOE as a novel and specific entry inhibitor, which shed lights on the discovery of anti-HIV-1 drugs from traditional herbal medicines.