gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Climate change impacts and costs to U.S. electricity transmission and distribution infrastructure (2020)

This study presents a screening-level analysis of the impacts of climate change on electricity transmission and distribution infrastructure of the U.S. In particular, the model identifies changes in performance and longevity of physical infrastructure such as power poles and transformers, and quantifies these impacts in economic terms. This analysis was evaluated for the contiguous U.S, using five general circulation models (GCMs) under two greenhouse gas emission scenarios, to analyze changes in damage and cost from the baseline period to the end of the century with three different adaptation strategies. Total infrastructure costs were found to rise considerably, with annual climate change expenditures increasing by as much as 25%. The results demonstrate that climate impacts will likely be substantial, though this analysis only captures a portion of the total potential impacts. A proactive adaptation strategy resulted in the expected costs of climate change being reduced by as much as 50% by 2090, compared to a scenario without adaptation. Impacts vary across the contiguous U.S. with the highest impacts in parts of the Southeast and Northwest. Improvements and extensions to this analysis would help better inform climate resiliency policies and utility-level planning for the future.
Sensitivity to hyperprior parameters in Gaussian Bayesian networks (2010)

Our focus is on learning Gaussian Bayesian networks (GBNs) from data. In GBNs
the multivariate normal joint distribution can be alternatively specified by the normal
regression models of each variable given its parents in the DAG (directed acyclic
graph). In the latter representation the parameters are the mean vector, the regression
coefficients and the corresponding conditional variances. The problem of
Bayesian learning in this context has been handled with different approximations,
all of them concerning the use of different priors for the parameters considered. We
work with the most usual prior given by the normal/inverse gamma form. In this
setting we are interested in evaluating the effect of prior hyperparameters choice on
posterior distribution. The Kullback-Leibler divergence measure is used as a tool to
define local sensitivity comparing the prior and posterior deviations. This method
can be useful to decide the values to be chosen for the hyperparameters.
Effect of Varying Thickness and Number of Coloring Liquid Applications on the Color of Anatomic Contour Monolithic Zirconia Ceramics. (2018)

Decreasing the thickness of monolithic zirconia increases the lightness and reddish, yellowish appearance. Meanwhile, increasing the number of coloring liquid applications reduces the lightness and makes it seem more reddish and yellowish.
Glycoconjugate Vaccines: What Next? (1994)

The principle that infants can be protected from invasive diseases caused by encapsulated organisms has been proved with the introduction of Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccines. The use of glycoconjugates to implement some of the goals of the Children's Vaccine Initiative requires a clear delineation of the chemical and immunological specifications for optimal vaccines.
A snake model for anatomic M-mode tracking in echocardiography (2004)

The use of tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) has allowed to obtain velocity, strain and strain rate parameters in real time and is currently used routinely in the echocardiography lab. For analysis 2D image sequences, profiles are marked on the image, and quantitative time profiles are obtained from them, a procedure known as anatomic M-mode. For correct quantification, the position of the region of interest must be tracked along the sequence. We propose a model for tracking profiles using a dual grey level/TDI acquisition. Curves are tracked on the grey level sequence using an optical flow-based snake model and accurate TDI values are obtained from the tracked curve.
Gas Chromatographic Separation of Nitrogen, Oxygen, Argon, and Carbon Monoxide Using Custom-Made Porous Polymers from High Purity Divinylbenzene (1984)

Existing porous polymers were surveyed for their ability to separate the subject gases. Certain products that showed more promise than others were synthesized and the existing synthetic procedures studied and modified to produce new polymers with enhanced ability to separate the subject gases. Evaluation of the porous polymers was carried out practically by gas chromatography at ambient temperature. The modified synthetic procedures were somewhat simpler than the originals. The new porous polymers made with high purity divinylbenzene enabled use of shorter columns to obtain the separations desired.
Towards Content Adaptation for Mobile Learning (2010)

The study develops content adaptation of m-learning. M-learning content adaptation is quite important, combining mobile technologies and learning together are highly valued by researchers. Content adaptation refers to different kinds of software and coding applications that use for learning. In order to develop mobile content adaptation applications, we should follow some principles for mobile devices features and learning characteristics. So as to know explore best way for m-learning content adaptation applications, a mobile MMLS demo was carried out with 100 students. The methodologies of the study were consisted of survey and interview. The finding of the study was analysis. Based on the results of survey and interview, that is necessary and tremendous impact to m-learning for touch screen to create a suitable content adaptation.
The neuropsychiatry of megaloblastic anaemia. (1980)

The neuropsychiatric states of 50 patients with vitamin B12 deficiency and 34 patients with folate deficiency presenting with megaloblastosis in a general hospital were examined and compared. Abnormalities of the nervous system were found in two-thirds of both groups. Peripheral neuropathy was the most common condition associated with vitamin B12 deficiency and affective disorder with folate deficiency. The proportions of patients with organic mental change were similar in the two groups. Subacute combined degeneration of the cord was an uncommon complication and occurred only in the patients with vitamin B12 deficiency. There was no relation between haematological and neuropsychiatric abnormalities. The neuropsychiatry of megaloblastic anaemia seen in this study of patients presenting to haematologists or general physicians contrasts with that reported previously, before haematological techniques for separating the two deficiencies were introduced.
Overexpression of a potassium channel gene perturbs neural differentiation (1994)

Functional regulation of potassium currents in developing neurons is pivotal for changes in excitability and action potential waveform. Here, we test whether an excess of potassium channel transcripts is sufficient to drive functional expression of potassium current and shortening of the duration of the action potential. Injection of Shaker-like potassium channel transcripts into two-cell stage embryos achieves increases in RNA levels. The elevated levels of potassium channel RNA produce larger delayed-rectifier currents. Action potential durations are briefer, indicating that larger potassium currents are not compensated by changes in inward currents. Strikingly, overexpression of potassium current RNA leads to a reduction in the number of morphologically differentiated neurons in culture. We suggest that, by prematurely reducing the duration of the impulse, early overexpression of potassium channel activity suppresses normal developmental cues.
QoS mechanism for prioritized flow-control for network elements handling high-speed traffic (2004)

Handling of QoS priorities to differentiate flows is critical in the next generation Internet with ever increasing traffic. We present a scheme called p-persistent binary tree arbiter (PBTA) that approximates the general processor sharing (GPS) model. PBTA arbitrates between contending flows based on various quality of service parameters which are mapped to their weights or priorities; and, by being stateful, it provides a fair arbitration among the contending flows across the individual timeslots. Our simulations show that PBTA provides a fair technique among the flows by providing the proper service ratios and transit times conforming to the appropriate traffic classes. The advantage of the scheme is that it requires no modifications to the other scheduling algorithms. The preliminary FPGA implementation shows that the mechanism is implementable, fast, and conservative in chip area.
Expression of Constitutively Activated Human c-Kit in Myb Transformed Early Myeloid Cells Leads to Factor Independence, Histiocytic Differentiation, and Tumorigenicity (1997)

The cDNAs encoding wild type (WT) human receptor tyrosine kinase c-Kit and a constitutively activated mutant, V816Kit, were introduced into granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF )-dependent early murine hemopoietic cells, which had been transformed with activated Myb. WTKit cells were able to grow in the presence of the human ligand for Kit, stem cell factor (SCF ), but displayed reduced growth and clonogenic potential in either SCF or GM-CSF compared with the parental cells in GM-CSF. In contrast, V816Kit cells grew without factor at a higher rate than the parental cells in GM-CSF and displayed increased clonogenicity. Dissection of the growth characteristics in liquid culture showed that in the presence of appropriate factors, the different populations had similar proliferation rates, but that V816Kit profoundly increased cell survival compared with WTKit or parental cells. This suggests that the signals transduced by WTKit activated with SCF, and by V816Kit, were not identical. Also, WTKit and V816Kit-expressing cells both varied from the early myeloid progenitor phenotype of the parental cells and gave rise to a small number of large to giant adherent cells that expressed macrophage (alpha-naphthyl acetate) esterase and neutrophil (naphtol-AS-D-chloroacetate) esterase, were highly phagocytic and phenotypically resembled histiocytes. Thus, WTKit activated by SCF and V816Kit were able to induce differentiation in a proportion of Myb-transformed myeloid cells. The factor independent V816Kit cells, unlike the parental and WTKit expressing cells, were shown to produce tumors of highly mitotic, invasive cells at various stages of differentiation in syngeneic mice. These results imply that constitutively activated Kit can promote the development of differentiated myeloid tumors and that its oncogenic effects are not restricted to lineages (mast cell and B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia), which have been reported previously. Furthermore, the mixed populations of cells in culture and in the tumors phenotypically resembled the leukemic cells from patients with monocytic leukemia with histiocytic differentiation (acute myeloid leukemia-M5c), a newly proposed subtype of myeloid leukemia.
Increase in thermosensitivity of tumor cells by lowering intracellular pH. (1993)

We previously reported that the thermosensitivity of tumor cells can be increased when the intracellular pH is lowered by inhibiting Na+/H+ exchange through the plasma membrane with amiloride (3,5-diamino-6-chloro-N-(diamino methylene)pyrazinecarboxamide) or its analogues and HCO3-/Cl-exchange with 4,4-diiothiocyanato-stilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid. In this study, we investigated the effects of (3-amino-6-chloro-5- (1-homopiperidyl)-N-(diaminomethylene)pyrazine-carboxamide) (HMA), an analogue of amiloride and a potent inhibitor of Na+/H+ exchange, and R(+)-[(5,6-dichloro-2,3,9,9a-tetrahydro-3-oxo-9a-propyl-1H-fluoren -7- yl)oxy]acetic acid [B-3(+)], a potent inhibitor of HCO3-/Cl- exchange, on the thermosensitivity of SCK tumor cells in vitro. We observed that 10 microM of HMA could effectively increase the cell death by heating at 43 degrees in pH 6.6 medium but not in pH 7.5 medium. The B-3(+) at 50 microM alone had no effect on the thermosensitivity of cells, but it increased the thermosensitizing effect of HMA in acidic medium. Our results strongly suggested that a combination of HMA and B-3(+) may preferentially thermosensitize tumors in vivo since the interstitial environment in tumors is acidic relative to that in normal tissues.
Multi-scale energy injection: a new tool to generate intense homogeneous and isotropic turbulence for premixed combustion (2010)

Highly turbulent flow, generated by an original multi-scale device and nearly homogeneous and isotropic, is experimentally investigated. This multi-scale device is made of three perforated plates shifted in space such that the diameter of their holes and their blockage ratio increase with the downstream distance. The multi-scale turbulence injection (MuSTI) is compared with a mono-scale turbulence injection (MoSTI), the latter being only constituted of the last plate of the MuSTI. This comparison is done for both cold and reactive flows. For the cold flow the following are shown, in comparison with the classical mono-scale device, for the MuSTI device in the near-field: (i) The turbulent kinetic energy is larger, and the kinetic energy supply is distributed over the whole range of scales. This is emphasised by second- and third-order structure functions. (ii) The shear-stresses are enhanced. (iii) The homogeneity and isotropy are reached earlier (≈50%). (iv) The jet-merging distance is the relevant scaling length scale of the turbulent flow. (v) High turbulence intensity (≈15%) is achieved in the homogeneous and isotropic region, although the Reynolds number based on the Taylor microscale remains moderate (Re λ≈80). In the second part, the interaction between the multi-scale-generated turbulence and the premixed flame front is investigated by laser tomography. A lean V-shaped methane/air flame is stabilised on a heated rod in the homogeneous and isotropic region of the turbulent flow. The main observation is that the flame wrinkling is amplified with the multi-scale device, as testified by the increase of the flame brush thickness.
Aoki의 교육과정이론에 기초한 아동미술교사의 역할 (2011)

미술이 주체로서 존재론적 향유에 초점을 둔다면 미술교사는 ‘가르침’의 의미와 ‘예술적 향유’ 모두를 고민해야 하며, 동시에 ‘교육과정’적 담론과 무관할 수 없는 복잡한 역할을 요구받고 있다. 본 연구는 전통적 교육과정이 가졌던 다소 경직된 구조주의적 담론을 벗어나서, 교사와 교육의 비인간화 현상에 주목하고 생명적 존재로서 교사와 교사의 삶, 그리고 살아있는...
Cause and effect in social mobility tables (2007)

The processes that facilitate or impede social mobility result from complex interactions of social and economic forces, traditions, and values of the social system. Exactly how do these processes develop? How do they work? How are they changed? Which aspects of the processes are decisive, and which are unimportant? Here the author uses data on occupational mobility to construct and test a model which, it is hoped, will serve as a guide in the development of a statistical mechanics for large social systems.
Molecular Docking and Structure-Based Drug Design Strategies (2015)

Pharmaceutical research has successfully incorporated a wealth of molecular modeling methods, within a variety of drug discovery programs, to study complex biological and chemical systems. The integration of computational and experimental strategies has been of great value in the identification and development of novel promising compounds. Broadly used in modern drug design, molecular docking methods explore the ligand conformations adopted within the binding sites of macromolecular targets. This approach also estimates the ligand-receptor binding free energy by evaluating critical phenomena involved in the intermolecular recognition process. Today, as a variety of docking algorithms are available, an understanding of the advantages and limitations of each method is of fundamental importance in the development of effective strategies and the generation of relevant results. The purpose of this review is to examine current molecular docking strategies used in drug discovery and medicinal chemistry, exploring the advances in the field and the role played by the integration of structure- and ligand-based methods.
A Graph-Based Approach to Knowledge Representation and Reasoning - Chapter Semantic Annotation Bases (chapter X) (2007)

This research report contains the current version of the chapter about semantic annotation bases, seen as an application of nested conceptual graphs, chapter X of a book to appear in 2008.
Allied forces: libraries and museums collaborating on World War II provenance research (2004)

In recent years museums and galleries have come under scrutiny following claims that artworks confiscated or looted during the Second World War, and still unaccounted for, have made their way into public collections. In response, many such institutions worldwide have been endeavouring to reaffirm the integrity of their collections. The Queensland Art Gallery has established a Provenance Research Team to complete its records for artworks of European origin which have missing provenance details during the period 1933-1945. This paper highlights the role the Gallery Library is taking in supporting the project.
Longitudinal vibrations in piano strings (1987)

The percussive excitation of a piano string by a hammer is expected to produce longitudinal string vibration components in addition to the desired transverse ones [e.g., Yanagisawa et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Jpn. 33, 412–416 (1977)]. However, so far little quantitative information exists in current acoustics literature on the contribution of such longitudinal components to the radiated sound of a piano. Our investigations revealed the presence of intial components of radiated sound generated by the longitudinal string vibration mechanism. These components, coined as the precursive sound, appear distinctly ahead of the main body of sound that is almost entirely due to transverse string vibration. Our experimental data on the longitudinal modes in piano strings indicate that the most apparent contribution to the radiated sound occurs in the attack transient of tones in the low bass register. For the lowest bass tones, the sound-pressure level (SPL) of the precursive sound may be only 10 to 20 dB below the overall peak SPL and the decay rate of the order of 100 dB/s. [Work supported by A.R.G.S. and C.T.E.C.]
Stem cells and repair of the heart: cell-releasing epicardial scaffolds. (2012)

Cell transplantation represents the last frontier within the treatment of cardiac diseases. From the first paper published in 1992 that has documented the potentials of the transplantation of autologous skeletal muscle cells to treat the damage induced by acute myocardial infarction, innumerable techniques of implantation and types of cells used has been reported, greatly expanding this innovative and appealing field of search in cardiovascular medicine. Despite original promises and expectations, current evidences of stem cell transplantation are still weak and controversial. Therefore, alternative line of research are being explored, particularly in the field of techniques of cell implantation and engraftment. Besides direct implantation or myocardial colonization by bone marrow stimulation, epicardial application of cell-delivering systems (scaffold and patches) have gained popularity due to the possibility to apply selectively a cell-containing device which may gradually release the chosen cell type, alone or in combination with trophic substances. The scaffolds have proven to be successful in this respect and may represent a valid alternative to coronary, intra-myocardial, or venous injection of stem cells, or to stem cell stimulating factors. Finally these systems may be applied through minimally invasive procedures and act as external constraint to enhance ventricular reverse remodelling or limit further cardiac dilatation.
Design and implementation of non-volatile memory express (2014)

Flash-memory-based solid-state disks (SSDs) provide faster random access and data transfer rates than electromechanical drives and today it can often serve as rotating-disk replacements, but the host interface to SSDs remains a performance bottleneck and also I/O subsystem causes unnecessary latencies, translations in the Read/Write commands. In order to completely utilize the performance of SSDs a Non Volatile Memory Subsystem was designed based on the NVM Express Specification. The communication to this I/O subsystem is through PCI Express interface and the command set is based on NVMe 1.0c Specification. The designed sub-system typically consists of PCIe Core, PCIe controller, NVMe controller, NAND Flash Controller and several NAND Chips. The present paper deals with the design and implementation of PCIe controller and the NVMe controller. The PCIe controller was designed as a generic bridge between any PCIe device and the PCIe Core. The NVMe controller was designed as a PCIe device which implements the NVMe Specification.
Broadband electrical impedance matching for piezoelectric ultrasound transducers (2011)

This paper presents a systematic method for designing broadband electrical impedance matching networks for piezoelectric ultrasound transducers. The design process involves three steps: 1) determine the equivalent circuit of the unmatched piezoelectric transducer based on its measured admittance; 2) design a set of impedance matching networks using a computerized Smith chart; and 3) establish the simulation model of the matched transducer to evaluate the gain and bandwidth of the impedance matching networks. The effectiveness of the presented approach is demonstrated through the design, implementation, and characterization of impedance matching networks for a broadband acoustic emission sensor. The impedance matching network improved the power of the acquired signal by 9 times.
Detection and estimation of image blur (2010)

The airborne imagery consisting of infrared (IR) and multispectral (MSI) images collected in 2009 under airborne mine and minefield detection program by Night Vision and Electronic Sensors Directorate (NVESD) was found to be severely blurred due to relative motion between the camera and the object and some of them with defocus blurs due to various reasons. Automated detection of blur due to motion and defocus blurs and the estimation of blur like point spread function for severely degraded images is an important task for processing and detection in such airborne imagery. Although several full reference and reduced reference methods are available in the literature, using no reference methods are desirable because there was no information of the degradation function and the original image data. In this thesis, three no reference algorithms viz. Haar wavelet (HAAR), modified Haar using singular value decomposition (SVD), and intentional blurring pixel difference (IBD) for blur detection are compared and their performance is qualified based on missed detections and false alarms. Three human subjects were chosen to perform subjective testing on randomly selected data sets and the “truth” for each frame was obtained from majority voting. The modified Haar algorithm (SVD) resulted in the least number of missed detections and least number of false alarms. This thesis also evaluates several methods for estimating the point spread function (PSF) of these degraded images. The Auto-correlation function (ACF), Hough transform (Hough) and steer Gaussian filter (SGF) based methods were tested on several synthetically motion blurred images and further validated on naturally blurred images. Statistics of pixel error estimate using these methods were computed based on 8640 artificially blurred image frames.