gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nonminimum phase channel equalization using noncausal filters (1997)

The Viterbi algorithm is the optimum method for detection of a data sequence in the presence of intersymbol interference and additive white Gaussian noise. Since its computational complexity is very large, several simplifications and alternative methods have been proposed, most of which are more effective when dealing with minimum phase channels. We present a novel technique for the equalization of nonminimum phase channels that employs noncausal all-pass filters operating in reversed time. The impulse response of the equalized channel approximates a minimum phase sequence with higher energy concentration at its left-hand end than at the right-hand end. The method can be modified to obtain a desired impulse response with few nonzero samples with only minor variations in noise level, providing significant complexity reduction in the Viterbi algorithm for detection. In addition, a twopass decoding strategy is developed, leading to significant improvement in performance with little increase in computational cost. Simulation results are included to verify the advantages of the proposed techniques.
A Review of Self-regulated Learning: Six Models and Four Directions for Research (2017)

Self-regulated learning (SRL) includes the cognitive, metacognitive, behavioral, motivational, and emotional/affective aspects of learning. It is, therefore, an extraordinary umbrella under which a considerable number of variables that influence learning (e.g., self-efficacy, volition, cognitive strategies) are studied within a comprehensive and holistic approach. For that reason, SRL has become one of the most important areas of research within educational psychology. In this paper, six models of SRL are analyzed and compared; that is, Zimmerman; Boekaerts; Winne and Hadwin; Pintrich; Efklides; and Hadwin, Järvelä and Miller. First, each model is explored in detail in the following aspects: (a) history and development, (b) description of the model (including the model figures), (c) empirical support, and (d) instruments constructed based on the model. Then, the models are compared in a number of aspects: (a) citations, (b) phases and subprocesses, (c) how they conceptualize (meta)cognition, motivation and emotion, (d) top-down/bottom-up, (e) automaticity, and (f) context. In the discussion, the empirical evidence from the existing SRL meta-analyses is examined and implications for education are extracted. Further, four future lines of research are proposed. The review reaches two main conclusions. First, the SRL models form an integrative and coherent framework from which to conduct research and on which students can be taught to be more strategic and successful. Second, based on the available meta-analytic evidence, there are differential effects of SRL models in light of differences in students' developmental stages or educational levels. Thus, scholars and teachers need to start applying these differential effects of the SRL models and theories to enhance students' learning and SRL skills.
Details of Electron-Electron Correlation of ~3p~e States of Helium Atom by Partial-Wave Analysis (1993)

The N=2 and N=3 series of the 3~p~e helium states have been investigated by a partial-wave analysis, the inherent symmetries inspected and the one-body densities and the shape-densities observed. The angular, radial-radial, and radial-angular correlations of the electrons have been studied and revealed in an intuitive manner; in particular the response of the inner electron to the invasion of the outer electron is inspected in detail. Besides, the anisotropism of the electronic cloud is found to have distinguished features and all the ~3p~e states have similar anisotropism.
The Mode of Action of Colloidal Bismuth Subcitrate (1991)

Colloidal bismuth subcitrate (CBS) is very effective in the treatment of gastroduodenal disorders and appears to act via several mechanisms. It has little acid-neutralizing effect and does not affect acid secretion. It is uncertain whether CBS affects pepsin secretion, but it does inhibit peptic activity. It causes an increase in mucus glycoprotein secretion and may also bind to the gastric mucus layer to act as a diffusion barrier to HCl. CBS accelerates ulcer healing and causes an accumulation of epidermal growth factor around the ulcer. In addition, it has a cytoprotective effect and increases mucosal secretion of prostaglandins and bicarbonate. CBS has bactericidal effects against Helicobacter pylori (which is associated with gastritis and peptic ulcers). It also prevents adhesion of H. pylori to epithelial cells and can inhibit enzymes secreted by H. pylori, such as proteases, lipases, glycosidases, and phospholipases.
The role of the Wilms tumour gene (<i>WT1</i>) in normal and malignant haematopoiesis (2007)

In addition to its loss playing a pivotal role in the development of a childhood kidney malignancy, the Wilms tumour 1 gene (WT1) has emerged as an important factor in normal and malignant haematopoiesis. Preferentially expressed in CD34+ haematopoietic progenitors and down-regulated in more-differentiated cells, the WT1 transcription factor has been implicated in regulation of apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation. Putative target genes, such as BCL2, MYC, A1 and cyclin E, may cooperate with WT1 to modulate cell growth. However, the effects of WT1 on target gene expression appear to be isoform-specific. Certain WT1 isoforms are over-represented in leukaemia, but the exact mechanisms underlying the role of WT1 in transformation remain unclear. The ubiquity of WT1 in haematological malignancies has led to efforts to exploit it as a marker for minimal residual disease and as a prognostic factor, with conflicting results. In vitro killing of tumour cells by WT1-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes facilitated design of Phase I vaccine trials that showed clinical regression of WT1-positive tumours. Alternative methods employing WT1-specific immunotherapy are being investigated and might ultimately be used to optimise multimodal therapy of haematological malignancies.
Solvent-free fabrication of thermally conductive insulating epoxy composites with boron nitride nanoplatelets as fillers (2014)

A solvent-free method for the fabrication of thermally conductive epoxy-boron nitride (BN) nanoplatelet composite material is developed in this study. By this method, polymer composites with nearly any filler fractions can be easily fabricated. The maximum thermal conductivity reaches 5.24 W/mK, which is 1,600% improvement in comparison with that of pristine epoxy material. In addition, the as-fabricated samples exhibit excellent overall performances with great mechanical property and thermal stability well preserved.
The Inhibitor Reacting with a Tumour Cell Surface Protease can be Exchanged With Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor (PAI-1) (1991)

Tumour cells possess the cell surface protease guanidinobenzoatase (GB) which can be located by the fluorescent probe 9-amino acridine (9-AA). Frozen sections and formaldehyde fixed sections of tumour tissue were used to demonstrate the interactions between GB, 9-AA and two protein inhibitors of GB. A cytoplasmic extract from the tumour tissue, and a purified inhibitor of plasminogen activator (PAI-1) were shown to be exchangeable components of the enzyme-inhibitor complex on the fixed tumour cell surfaces. The evidence suggests that GB is functionally very similar to plasminogen activator and that this enzyme can be regulated by protein inhibitors in vivo and also by changes in the redox potential at the cell surface.
Cardiac action of carazolol and methypranol in comparison with other beta-receptor blockers. (1977)

The new beta-blockers 4-(2-hydroxy-3-isopropyl-amino-propoxy)-carbazole (carazolol) and 1-(4-acetoxy-2,3,5-trimethylphenyloxy)-3-isopropylamino-propan-2-ol (methypranol, Disorat) were compared with 14 well-known beta-blocking agents with regard to isoproterenol antagonism (equipotent doses in the rabbit i.v.), acute toxicity (LD50 in mice i.v.) and intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (increase in the heart rate of reserpinized rats i.p.). The following descending order for the equipotent beta-receptor blocking doses was obtained: nifenalol, DCI, pronethalol, practolol, sotalol, alprenolol, bupranolol, toliprolol, propranolol, methypranol, YB 2 pindolol, bunitrolol, oxprenolol, bunolol and carazolol. Carazolol had, in addition, the highest therapeutic index and at beta-receptor blocking doses virtually no intrinsic sympathomimetic activity.
dui yan jiu sheng ri yu ke tang jiao xue de you hua de tan tao (2007)

非日语专业的研究生日语课堂教学是个复杂而重要的过程,其教学效果将直接影响到教学成果的转化.为了全面提高非日语专业的研究生的日语总体能力,文章就加强课堂教学的优化,从研究生的培养目标、课堂气氛的优化、师生关系的优化等几个方面提出了探讨.
The Dynamics Explorer Langmuir probe instrument (1981)

The Dynamics Explorer Langmuir probe instrument (DE-LANG), a spare unit from the Pioneer Venus mission that has been modified to work with the DE spacecraft, is described. Two independent sensors are connected to individual adaptive sweep voltage circuits that continuously track the changing electron temperature and spacecraft potential while autoranging electrometers adjust their gain in response to the changing plasma density. The control signals used in achieving this automatic tracking provide a continuous monitor of the ionospheric parameters without telemetering each volt-ampere curve. In addition, internal data storage circuits permit high-resolution, high-data-rate sampling of selected volt-ampere curves for transmission to the ground to verify or correct the inflight processed data.
Analysis of POMC Gene Expression by Transcription Assay and In Situ Hybridization Histochemistry (1983)

Until recently, interest was focused primarily on the synthesis and processing of neuropeptide hormones, and not on the regulation of peptide hormone gene expression. With the development of recombinant DNA technology, a better understanding of the regulation of genes encoding these neuromodulators will be forthcoming. The pathway of expression of a peptide hormone gene involves many steps (see Fig. 1). Under appropriate hormonal and environmental conditions, the peptide hormone gene is transcribed into a heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA), which is then processed to yield the mature mRNA within the nucleus. After transport to the cytoplasm, the mRNA is either translated into protein, stored, or degraded. This protein can then undergo tissue-specific cotranslational and/or posttranslational modifications, such as glycosylation and proteolysis, to give the individual mature peptide hormone. These peptides are stored in secretory granules that await the proper stimulus to signal secretion. It is the interest of our laboratory to...
A Leakage-Current-Recycling Phase-Locked Loop in 65 nm CMOS Technology (2012)

A leakage-current-recycling technique is presented for phase-locked loops (PLLs) in nanoscale CMOS technology. The leakage current of the PMOS capacitor in a PLL is recycled to supply the power for a voltage-controlled oscillator, a divider, and a dual-mode phase-frequency detector. This PLL is fabricated in a 65 nm CMOS technology. The measured peak-to-peak jitter and rms jitter of this PLL at 640 MHz are 52.2 ps and 9.6 ps, respectively. Its power consumption is 1.2 mW for a 1.2 V supply voltage.
Defining and Analyzing Journalistic Deception (1992)

Many journalists, readers and scholars exhibit confusion concerning the nature and justification of deception. In this article, we clarify those acts that should count as deception. Before discussing if any cases of deception can be construed as morally justified, we clarify which investigative, interrogative, and information-giving techniques are deceptive on their face. We also bracket borderline cases.
Data storage optimization of application-level checkpointing on heterogeneous systems (2013)

General purpose GPU's (GPGPU) appearance made it possible that heterogeneous computing can be used by human beings. And it's also produce a reform for GPU's general purpose computing and parallel computing. Heterogeneous Systems has been adopted by large-scale of high-performance computers. Nowadays, fault tolerance technique is necessary among these large-scale kinds of scientific computing, but in a few years of GPGPU and heterogeneous system appearance, there is not an effective fault tolerance method come out, therefore, towards this situation, this paper will apply the traditional fault tolerance technique—application-level checkpointing to heterogeneous system. Cause the main solution of reducing overhead of the application-level checkpointing is reducing checkpoint data size, so after analyzing the heterogeneous system and GPGPU program, we propose a method to optimize the data storage of application-level checkpointing technique and validate its optimization by experiments.
Cellular imaging of zif268 expression in the hippocampus and amygdala during contextual and cued fear memory retrieval: selective activation of hippocampal CA1 neurons during the recall of contextual memories. (2001)

The neuroanatomical and molecular basis of fear memory retrieval was studied by analyzing the expression of the plasticity-associated immediate early gene zif268. Cellular quantitative in situ hybridization revealed that zif268 is expressed within specific regions of the hippocampus and amygdala during fear memory retrieval. Within the hippocampus, increased expression of zif268 was observed within CA1 neurons, but not dentate gyrus neurons, during the retrieval of contextual, but not cued, fear associations. In contrast, zif268 expression was increased within neurons of the amygdala (lateral, basal, and central nuclei) during the retrieval of both contextual and cued fear memories. These results demonstrate activation of hippocampal CA1 neurons in contextual fear memory retrieval that was not merely a correlate of the behavioral expression of fear itself, because it was limited to the retrieval of contextual, and not cued, fear memories. Further studies revealed that the selective increase in hippocampal CA1 zif268 expression seen after contextual fear memory retrieval was limited to the retrieval of recent (24 hr) but not older (28 d) memories. These experiments represent the first demonstration that zif268 expression in specific neuronal populations is associated with memory retrieval and suggest that this gene may contribute to plasticity and reconsolidation accompanying the retrieval process.
Increased Anti-Mullerian Hormone Serum Concentrations in Prepubertal Daughters of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (2006)

We conclude that serum AMH concentrations are increased in prepubertal daughters of PCOS women, suggesting that these girls appear to show evidence of an altered follicular development during infancy and childhood.
Platelet surface charge heterogeneity: characterization of human platelet subpopulations separated by high voltage continuous flow electrophoresis (1988)

Washed formol-fixed normal human platelets have been separated into surface charge-dependent subpopulations using high voltage continuous flow electrophoresis. The procedure is highly reproducible and the heterogeneity profile extends over 20-25 fraction tubes on the anodal side of the entry port to the separation chamber. Fractions have been subdivided into subpopulation pools A, B and C which have mean mobilities by analytical cytopherometry extending over the range 0.81-0.91 micron/s/V/cm from the least (C) to the most (A) electronegative cells. Coulter volume differences across the profile from 5.0 to 12.8 fl correlated well with electrophoretic mobilities whereas buoyant density appeared to be an independent parameter. Analysis of surface neuraminidase-labile sialic acid of the platelets in pools A and C correlated well with differences in electrophoretic mobility, whereas a similar relationship for the alkaline phosphatase-labile phosphate moieties (also believed to be contributory to cell surface electrokinetic properties) could not be established even though in both cases the profiles of the enzyme-treated platelets showed significant shifts towards the cathode when compared with untreated cells. Titration of surface DTNB-reactive sulphydryl (-SH) groups revealed an inverse relationship between electronegativity and membrane -SH group status. This electrophoretic expression of subpopulation heterogeneity within the circulating platelet pool may have advantages in studying clinical conditions where the profiles may reflect cell surface interactions 'in vivo'.
Characterization and inhibition of fatty acid synthase in pediatric tumor cell lines. (2003)

The current study characterizes the lipogenic enzyme fatty acid synthase (FAS; EC 2.3.1.85) in pediatric tumor cell lines of neural or neural crest origin [medulloblastoma (Daoy), malignant rhabdoid tumor of kidney (SM II), retinoblastoma (Y79), and neuroblastoma (SK-N-SH)]. Constitutive FAS content and activity in these lines were compared to human fibroblast cell line Hs27. Hs27 exhibits low levels of FAS and recapitulates enzyme status in normal human tissues under most physiological conditions. Western analysis detected significantly larger amounts of FAS protein in Y79 and SK-N-SH than Daoy, SM II and Hs27. Incorporation of radiolabeled malonyl-CoA into total cellular lipid revealed that enzyme activity correlated with amount. Increased FAS content and activity in Y79 and SK-N-SH relative to the other cell lines and Hs27, in particular, implied enzyme activation in retinoblastoma and neuroblastoma lineages. The enzyme also showed evidence of hormonal regulation, as dexamethasone induced FAS protein in Daoy and SK-N-SH. However, hormonal induction of FAS protein levels did not correlate with activity levels, which led us to speculate phosphorylation as a means of regulating the enzyme's activity. Finally, the FAS inhibitor cerulenin was investigated for its ability to suppress tumor cell growth. After four days of propagation, short-term treatment of cell lines with drug produced mean IC50s less than 10.5 micrograms/ml (i.e., 5.6 +/- 1.9 for SM II; 9.3 +/- 1.5 for Daoy; 10.2 +/- 0.2 for SK-N-SH; and 10.4 +/- 2.6 for Y79). Annexin V assays revealed that cerulenin initiated apoptosis. The antineoplastic properties of cerulenin documented here are consistent with prior studies showing its cytotoxic effects upon other types of cancer cells and illustrate the potential utility of FAS inhibition as a novel chemotherapeutic approach.
Promotion of drop‐by‐drop condensation of steam from seawater on a vertical copper tube (1968)

Abstract A limited number of tests were made of promoters, their method of application, corrosion resistance, etc. The best promoter found to date is tetrakis octadecyl thio silane (C 18 H 37 S) 4 Si which differs only in parafinic chain length from (C 12 H 25 S) 4 Si which was found to be one of the best promoters for drop‐by‐drop condensation by Blackman and Dewar ( 1, 2 ), Hampson ( 2, 3 ), and Osment ( 4, 5 ). These compounds are nontoxic. The C 18 compound appears to be superior to the C 12 compound in that it is less volatile, lower melting (∼34°C), and appears to impart superior oxidation resistance to copper when adsorbed on clean oxide‐free metal. Copper tubes can be rapidly cleaned in place by sulfur dioxide or hydrochloric acid in steam, or, if previously promoted by a thio silane, by treatment first with chlorine gas in steam. The thio silanes may be rapidly applied as a 1% solution in octanoic acid injected into the sea‐water feed. The acid acts as cleaner and poor promoter, allowing the good promoter molecules to contact the metal tube. The amounts of the best promoters required are in the parts per billion range.
Electrochemical Process Engineering: A Guide to the Design of Electrolytic Plant (1995)

Introduction to Electrochemical Engineering. Aspects of Mass and Heat Transfer and the Energetics of Electrolytic Cell Systems. Rate Processes and Reaction Models. Reactor Models. Electrolytic Reactor Design, Selection, and Scale Up. Cost Estimation, Profit Appraisal, Process Modelling and Optimization. Index.
Exploration and Explanation in Computational Notebooks (2018)

Computational notebooks combine code, visualizations, and text in a single document. Researchers, data analysts, and even journalists are rapidly adopting this new medium. We present three studies of how they are using notebooks to document and share exploratory data analyses. In the first, we analyzed over 1 million computational notebooks on GitHub, finding that one in four had no explanatory text but consisted entirely of visualizations or code. In a second study, we examined over 200 academic computational notebooks, finding that although the vast majority described methods, only a minority discussed reasoning or results. In a third study, we interviewed 15 academic data analysts, finding that most considered computational notebooks personal, exploratory, and messy. Importantly, they typically used other media to share analyses. These studies demonstrate a tension between exploration and explanation in constructing and sharing computational notebooks. We conclude with opportunities to encourage explanation in computational media without hindering exploration.
Heat Stress and Pulsed Unfocused Ultrasound: The Viability of these Physical Approaches for Drug Delivery into Testicular Seminiferous Tubules (2020)

The current results indicate that SHS at 43°C comparatively has the potential for delivering macromolecular substances into seminiferous tubules, whereas the PuFUS could be a novel, quick, and mild approach to open the BTB. These strategies might be useful for targeted drug delivery into testicular seminiferous tubules. However, further studies are warranted to validate our findings.
Growth and Institutions: A Review of the Evidence (2000)

Africa's disappointing economic performance, the East Asian financial crisis, and the weak record of the former Soviet Union have focused attention on the role of institutions in determining a economic growth. This article critically reviews the literature that tries to link quantitative measures of institutions, such as civil liberties and property rights, with growth of gross domestic product across countries and over time. An important distinction is made between indicators that measure the performance or quality of institutions and those that measure political and social characteristics and political instability. The evidence suggests a link between the quality of institutions and investment and growth, but the evidence is by no means robust.