gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cold Gas-Pressure Folding of Miura-ori Sheets (2011)

Folding sheets from flat sheet materials into 3D surfaces provides a way to form textured sheets with a deep relief, without stretching the base material. Manufacturing can therefore be done using only low-energy bending operations along the fold lines. An important challenge to be overcome in the manufacturing process is the significant in-plane biaxial contraction during the folding process. A novel manufacturing process is herein introduced, which uses cold gas-pressure to fold the sheets and requires a minimum of initial tooling. Calculations were done to determine the required forming pressure to fold an example folded sheet, a Miura-ori sheet, and were compared with trials.
Living Design Memory: Framework, Implementation, Lessons Learned (1995)

Abstract We identify an important type of software design knowledge that we call community-specific folklore and discuss problems with current approaches to managing it. We developed a general framework for a living design memory, built a design memory tool, and deployed the tool in a large software development organization. The tool effectively disseminates knowledge relevant to local software design practice. It is embedded in the organizational process to help ensure that its knowledge evolves as necessary. This work illustrates important lessons in building knowledge management systems, integrating novel technology into organizational practice, and carrying out research-development partnerships.
Multi-Crease Self-Folding by Uniform Heating (2013)

This paper presents a self-folding method for multi-crease structures. The proposed method utilizes the symmetric breaking of a 3-layered two-dimensional sheet, where an inner contraction sheet induces shear force when heated, which directs the inclined folding direction. The fabrication technique developed enables distant placements of tiling patterns of the surfaces. The experimental result shows that by applying uniform heat, a feature with 62 folds can be simultaneously folded, an advantage over manual folding. The method presented is a new instant fabrication technique for making semi-rigid structures.
P-glycoprotein Versus MRP1 on Transport Kinetics of Cationic Lipophilic Substrates: A Comparative Study Using [ <sup>99m</sup> Tc]Sestamibi and [ <sup>99m</sup> Tc]Tetrofosmin (2009)

The multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype in cancer is closely related with the overexpression of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) and multidrug resistance protein-1 (MRP1). Although conferring resistance to a similar spectrum of drugs, these proteins present distinct transport mechanisms and have their own substrates. In this work, we compared the functional properties of Pgp and MRP1 in the transport kinetics of two cationic lipophilic tracers, [(99m)Tc]sestamibi and [(99m)Tc]tetrofosmin, in cellular models of resistance. Cellular transport kinetics of both tracers was evaluated in Small-cell lung cancer cell line H69 and in its drug-resistant sublines, H69LX4 and H69AR, overexpressing Pgp and MRP1, respectively. Studies were performed in the absence and in the presence of MDR modulators. Kinetic parameters extracted from time-activity curves were analyzed through receiver-operating characteristics curve analysis. The uptake and the efflux rate of both radiotracers were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in sensitive cells. However, MRP1 was more effective than Pgp in removing tracers from the intracellular medium. The addition of verapamil and PSC833 significantly reduced the efflux rate and restored the accumulation of both tracers in H69LX4 cells. Only verapamil was effective in the inhibition of MRP1; however, the effects were more pronounced with [(99m)Tc]sestamibi, when compared to [(99m)Tc]tetrofosmin. Outward transport of radiotracers by MRP1 was dependent on the intracellular glutathione levels. We concluded that both tracers can detect Pgp- and MRP1-mediated drug resistance, based on transport kinetics; however, MRP1 is more effective than Pgp on outward transport of radiotracers. We postulate that this finding can be useful to distinguish between the two resistance mechanisms.
Carboracycles:  Macrocyclic Compounds Composed of Carborane Icosahedra Linked by Organic Bridging Groups (1996)

A family of macrocyclic compounds are described, together with their precursors. These cycles are composed of icosahedral carboranes linked via their carbon vertices through 1,3-trimethylene, alpha,alpha'-1,3-xylylene, or alpha,alpha'-2,6-lutidylene groups. The compounds cyclo-(1,3-trimethylene-1',2'-closo-1',2'-C(2)B(10)H(10))(4) (6a), cyclo-(1,3-trimethylene-1',2'-closo-9',12'-dimethyl-1',2'-C(2)B(10)H(8))(4) (6b), cyclo-(1,3-trimethylene-1',2'-closo-1',2'-C(2)B(10)H(10))(3) (9), cyclo-(alpha,alpha'-1,3-xylylene-1',2'-closo-1',2'-C(2)B(10)H(10))(2) (11a), cyclo-(alpha,alpha'-1,3-xylylene-1',7'-closo-1',7'-C(2)B(10)H(10))(2) (11b), cyclo-(alpha,alpha'-1,3-xylylene-1',7'-closo-9',10'-dimethyl-1,7-C(2)B(10)H(8))(2) (11c), cyclo-(alpha,alpha'-1,3-xylylene-1',2'-closo-1',2'-C(2)B(10)H(10))(4) (12), cyclo-(alpha,alpha'-1,3-xylylene-1',7'-closo-1',7'-C(2)B(10)H(10))(3) (13), cyclo-(alpha,alpha'-2,6-lutidylene-1',7'-closo-1',7'-C(2)B(10)H(10))(2) (19), and cyclo-(alpha,alpha'-2,6-lutidylene N-oxide-1',7'-closo-1',7'-C(2)B(10)H(10))(2) (20) have been synthesized. The structures of 6a, 6b, 9, 11a, 11b, 11c, 12, and 19 have been determined by X-ray crystallography. Crystal data: for 6a, triclinic, space group P&onemacr;, a = 11.131(2) Å, b = 12.642(2) Å, c = 12.996(2) Å, alpha = 84.383(6) degrees, beta = 65.884(6) degrees, gamma = 97.292(5) degrees, Z = 1, R = 0.079; for 6b, monoclinic, space group P2(1)/a, a = 13.500(2) Å, b = 31.141(3) Å, c = 13.831(2) Å, beta = 99.90(1) degrees, Z = 2, R = 0.097; for 11a, monoclinic, space group C2/c, a = 14.5682(8) Å, b = 14.5046(8) Å, c = 16.1998(8) Å, beta = 95.631(2) degrees, Z = 4, R = 0.081; for 11b, monoclinic, space group P2(1)/n, a = 11.650(2) Å, b = 10.606(2) Å, c = 11.730(2) Å, beta = 104.951(6) degrees, Z = 2, R = 0.069; for 11c, orthorhombic, space group Pbca, a = 12.532(2) Å, b = 14.271(2) Å, c = 18.143(3) Å, Z = 4, R = 0.076; for 19, orthorhombic, space group Pcab (No. 61, standard setting Pbca), a = 11.0428(6) Å, b = 11.3785(6) Å, c = 22.533(1) Å, Z = 4, R = 0.074.
Ethanol from Softwood : Process Simulation and Energy Analysis (2009)

Fuel ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass is considered as one of the most important renewable fuels due to economical and environmental benefits of its use and avaibility of its feedstock. In this work, the process for fuel ethanol production from softwood based on dilute-acid hydrolysis was studied. The process was simulated using the simulation software package Aspen Plus and simulation results were analyzed from the energy point of view. Pretreatment, hydrolysis and distillation steps consume 30, 17.5 and 19% of the total energy requirement of process, respectively. Utilization of lignin and solid fuel in a power plant collocated with ethanol plant can cover energy demands of ethanol process. Almost 54% of electricity and 34% of steam generated in power plant were used in the ethanol process. Finally, the overall energy efficiency of the process was 77%.
<title>Microprocessor open vision environment (MOVE)</title> (1993)

MOVE is one of the ESPRIT III OMI feasibility studies projects is Vision/Robotics for industrial applications. The objective of MOVE is to study a modular environment specifically designed for the field of Computer Vision, which permits the integration of heterogeneous processors and of specific software. This environment is open -- it allows integration of existing and future processors, actuators and visual sensors -- and it facilitates communication with the external world. It is used directly in the design of a set of industrial vision applications which correspond to real requirements and therefore it facilitates product development and make it cost effective. There are many areas of industry and commerce where application of machine vision would make an important impact on productivity and product quality, but the progress has been slow because of the lack of a suitable high-performance low-cost hardware. This paper gives some elements on how MOVE intends to provide the needed solution.
Influence of Population Density on Mating Behavior of Chemosterilized, Untreated, or Overwintered Boll Weevils, Anthonomus grandis1234 (1968)

Untreated Anthonomus grandis Boheman females, paired with untreated males, mated significantly more than did untreated females paired with males treated with apholate, or overwintered females paired with overwintered males. With 1 exception, the number of mean matings for each combination housed in each of 3 different sized mating chambers was significantly different from that in the 2 other mating chambers housing the same combination. As the size of the mating chamber was increased, simulating a decrease in population density, matings of all combinations of weevils decreased.
Numerical example of fire resistance calculation according to HRN DIN 4102 and Eurocode 2 (2001)

U ovom radu su na numerickom primjeru nosive grede pravokutnog poprecnog presjeka prikazani razliciti pristupi proracunu otpornosti na požar prema HRN DIN 4102, dio 4 te Eurocodu 2, dio 1-2. Prema vrijedecim propisima HRN DIN 4102, dio 4 provjera otpornosti na požar svedena je na provjeravanje tablicnih podataka minimalnih dimenzija i debljina zastitnih slojeva betona. Proracun po Eurocodu 2, dio 1.2 provodi se pojednostavljenim racunskim postupkom prema metodi granicnih stanja.
Three‐Dimensional Human Skin Models to Investigate Skin Innate and Immune‐Mediated Responses to Microorganisms (2020)

This chapter presents the advantages, limitations and opportunities offered by an innovative in Vitro pre-clinical approach to the skin microbiome research based on 3D reconstructed skin models colonized with bacterial strains. 3D human tissues have been proven to be a valuable tool suitable for many different pre-clinical in-vitro studies for their large experimental flexibility and reproducibility. Reconstructed Living Human Skin models colonized with bacteria mimic the real site where the interaction skin-microbiome occurs and allow to identify the mechanisms by which individual bacterium and resident microbiome regulate skin response to the environment and, most importantly, the host response mediated by defense and adaptive mechanisms. The scientific community has just started scratching the surface of such powerful tool and more is still out there to be explored in order to improve the clinical relevance and predictive power of in Vitro pre-clinical models in dermatological and cosmetic research.
Electrochemical Analysis of Reformate-Fuelled Anode Supported SOFC (2011)

In this study, the reformate operation of anode supported solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) is characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The characterization is performed over a broad measuring range of temperature and H/C/O-ratios of the fuel. The kinetic parameters of the electrochemical oxidation of the fuel are obtained directly from impedance measurements performed on anode-supported cells for SOFC. This is done by a combined distribution of relaxation times and an equivalent circuit impedance analysis method, which allows a highly resolved analysis of each single polarization mechanism contributing to the overall losses of the cell. The evaluated kinetic parameters (reaction orders of hydrogen, steam and the activation energy) in reformate are in the same size as under hydrogen operation. Obviously only hydrogen is directly electrochemically oxidized in reformate-fuelled cells. The higher overall polarization resistance compared to hydrogen operation has to be attributed to a newly identified low-frequency process, which is interpreted in this work.
Influence of Condensed Sweet Cream Buttermilk on the Manufacture, Yield, and Functionality of Pizza Cheese (2006)

Compositional changes in raw and pasteurized cream and unconcentrated sweet cream buttermilk (SCB) obtained from a local dairy were investigated over 1 yr. Total phospholipid (PL) composition in SCB ranged from 0.113 to 0.153%. Whey protein denaturation in pasteurized cream over 1 yr ranged from 18 to 59%. Pizza cheese was manufactured from milk standardized with condensed SCB (approximately 34.0% total solids, 9.0% casein, 17.8% lactose). Effects of using condensed SCB on composition, yield, PL recovery, and functional properties of pizza cheese were investigated. Cheesemilks were prepared by adding 0, 2, 4, and 6% (wt/wt) condensed SCB to part-skim milk, and cream was added to obtain cheesemilks with approximately 11.2 to 12.7% total solids and casein:fat ratio of approximately 1. Use of condensed SCB resulted in a significant increase in cheese moisture. Cheese-making procedures were modified to obtain similar cheese moisture contents. Fat and nitrogen recoveries in SCB cheeses were slightly lower and higher, respectively, than in control cheeses. Phospholipid recovery in cheeses was below 40%. Values of pH and 12% trichloro-acetic acid-soluble nitrogen were similar among all treatments. Cheeses made from milk standardized with SCB showed less melt and stretch than control cheese, especially at the 4 and 6% SCB levels. Addition of SCB significantly lowered free oil at wk 1 but there were no significant differences at wk 2 and 4. Use of SCB did not result in oxidized flavor in unmelted cheeses. At low levels (e.g., 2% SCB), addition of condensed SCB improved cheese yield without affecting compositional, rheological, and sensory properties of cheese.
Level 3 details and their role in fingerprint identification: A survey among practitioners (2008)

Level 3 details are used in fingerprint comparison by fingerprint examiners to reach a conclusion as to the identity of a person from a latent impression recovered from a crime scene. Level 3 details are usually used in a holistic way, mainly by members of the fingerprint community who are not subjected to a numerical standard rule. Although the term Level 3 detail is well known, a survey performed by the authors suggests that there is no clear consensus on the classification, reproducibility, and individual value of Level 3 details.
ChemInform Abstract: The Role of Carbohydrates in Biologically Active Natural Products (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Nanosphere Lithography from Template-Directed Colloidal Sphere Assemblies (2006)

Conventional nanosphere lithography holds the drawbacks of lacking precise control over the shape and architecture of the resultant nanostructures. In this work, nanoimprinting lithography was used to construct various desired patterns on a polymer film coated on a silicon substrate. The patterns were then used as templates to direct the self-assembly of silica colloidal spheres, forming colloidal assemblies with well-controlled sizes, shapes, and structures. Subsequent nanosphere lithography using template-directed colloidal sphere assemblies resulted in complex nanostructures that can not be obtained using the conventional nanosphere lithography method.
Exosomes induce and reverse monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension in mice (2016)

These findings suggest that circulating or MSC-EXOs may modulate pulmonary hypertensive effects based on their miR cargo. The ability of MSC-EXOs to reverse MCT-PH offers a promising potential target for new PAH therapies.
Characterization of interfacial reactions in magnetite tunnel junctions with transmission electron microscopy (2004)

To make a uniform AlOx barrier layer in tunnel junctions, a thin layer of Al is often sputtered first and then oxidized. In this study, we sputtered a thick layer of Al onto Fe3O4 and then employed high resolution transmission electron microscopy and x-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy to investigate the interfacial microstructures. Two new layers have been found and investigated at the Al/Fe3O4 interface. The interfacial reaction has been determined to be: Fe3O4+Al⇒Fe+(a)AlOx, where a denotes the amorphous state. The consequence of the interfacial reaction to transport properties is also discussed.
Presence of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes in mice with severe combined immunodeficiency disease (1990)

The murine intestinal epithelium contains a heterogeneous population of intraepithelial leukocytes (IEL) most of which are granulated, Thy-1-CD5-CD8+. In order to assess the lineage relationship of this subgroup of IEL to peripheral T cells, we examined IEL in mice with the severe combined immunodeficiency (scid/scid) mutation, which lack T and B cells in peripheral lymphoid tissues. Electron and light microscopy showed that the intestine from scid/scid mice had granulated IEL similar to IEL in normal C.B-17 mice. Flow cytometry of isolated IEL stained with monoclonal antibodies against Thy-1, CD3, CD4, CD5 and CD8 showed that scid/scid mice IEL contained cells with the Thy-1-CD4-CD5-CD8+ phenotype. Immunohistochemical staining of IEL in tissue sections with antibodies to Thy-1 and CD8 confirmed that the Thy-1-CD8+ cells were in the intestinal epithelium. These scid/scid IEL also lacked CD3 expression and mRNA for the V gamma 7 V region gene of the gamma T cell receptor. We conclude that scid/scid mice contain precursors for IEL that can differentiate into a granulated Thy-1-CD5-CD8+ IEL in the intestine. The absence of CD8+ peripheral T cells in these mice suggests that these IEL differ from classical T cells in their ability to differentiate and express CD8 and do not require T cell receptor expression for their localization to the intestine.
Genome Sequence of Ureaplasma diversum Strain ATCC 49782 (2015)

Here, we report the complete genome sequence of Ureaplasma diversum strain ATCC 49782. This species is of bovine origin, having an association with reproductive disorders in cattle, including placentitis, fetal alveolitis, abortion, and birth of weak calves. It has a small circular chromosome of 975,425 bp.
Complex Structural <i>PPT1</i> Variant Associated with Non-syndromic Canine Retinal Degeneration (2018)

Rod and cone photoreceptors are specialized retinal neurons that have a fundamental role in visual perception, capturing light and transducing it into a neuronal signal. Aberrant functioning of rod and/or cone photoreceptors can ultimately lead to progressive degeneration and eventually blindness. In man, many rod and rod-cone degenerative diseases are classified as forms of retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Dogs also have a comparable disease grouping termed progressive retinal atrophy (PRA). These diseases are generally due to single gene defects and follow Mendelian inheritance.We collected 51 DNA samples from Miniature Schnauzers affected by PRA (average age of diagnosis ∼3.9 ±1 years), as well as from 56 clinically normal controls of the same breed (average age ∼6.6 ±2.8 years). Pedigree analysis suggested monogenic autosomal recessive inheritance of PRA. GWAS and homozygosity mapping defined a critical interval in the first 4,796,806 bp of CFA15. Whole genome sequencing of two affected cases, a carrier and a control identified two candidate variants within the critical interval. One was an intronic SNV in <i>HIVEP3</i>, and the other was a complex structural variant consisting of the duplication of exon 5 of the <i>PPT1</i> gene along with a conversion and insertion (named <i>PPT1<sub>dci</sub></i> ). <i>PPT1<sub>dci</sub></i> was confirmed homozygous in a cohort of 22 cases, and 12 more cases were homozygous for the CFA15 haplotype. Additionally, the variant was found homozygous in 6 non-affected dogs of age higher than the average age of onset. The <i>HIVEP3</i> variant was found heterozygous (n = 4) and homozygous wild-type (n = 1) in cases either homozygous for <i>PPT1<sub>dci</sub></i> or for the mapped CFA15 haplotype. We detected the wildtype and three aberrant <i>PPT1</i> transcripts in isolated white blood cell mRNA extracted from a PRA case homozygous for <i>PPT1<sub>dci</sub></i> , and the aberrant transcripts involved inclusion of the duplicated exon 5 and novel exons following the activation of cryptic splice sites. No neurological signs were detected among the dogs homozygous for the <i>PPT1<sub>dci</sub></i> variant. Therefore, we propose <i>PPT1<sub>dci</sub></i> as causative for a non-syndromic form of PRA (PRA <i><sub>PPT1</sub></i> ) that shows incomplete penetrance in Miniature Schnauzers, potentially related to the presence of the wild-type transcript. To our knowledge, this is the first case of isolated retinal degeneration associated with a <i>PPT1</i> variant.
Transcriptional regulation of the human MIP-1alpha promoter by RUNX1 and MOZ (2003)

The transcription factor RUNX1 (AML-1, PEBP2alphaB and CBFA2) is essential for definitive haematopoiesis, and chromosomal translocations involving the RUNX1 gene are frequently found in acute leukaemias. The gene encoding the histone acetyltransferase MOZ is also rearranged in some acute leukaemias, resulting in the expression of MOZ fusion proteins. MOZ has recently been shown to interact directly with RUNX1, indicating that MOZ fusion proteins act by deregulating RUNX1 function. Macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha) is a proinflammatory cytokine that also inhibits proliferation of haematopoietic stem cells. Amongst the conserved sequence elements in the human MIP-1alpha promoter are two consensus RUNX sites. We have investigated the role of these RUNX sites in the regulation of the MIP-1alpha promoter by PMA/PHA stimulation in Jurkat T-cells. RUNX1 can specifically bind to both RUNX sites in vitro and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that endogenous RUNX1 is constitutively bound to the endogenous MIP-1alpha promoter. Mutation of the RUNX sites demonstrated that the proximal RUNX site is essential for PMA/PHA-stimulated activation of the MIP-1alpha promoter. Activation of the promoter can also be inhibited by heterologous expression of the repressor protein AML-1/ETO. We further demonstrate that MOZ can activate the MIP-1alpha promoter and that this activation is largely dependent upon the proximal RUNX site. Moreover, we show that co-expression of MOZ and RUNX1 can synergistically activate the MIP-1alpha promoter. The regulation of MIP-1alpha expression by RUNX1/MOZ is discussed in the context of MIP-1alpha's role as an inhibitor of haematopoietic stem cell proliferation and its potential importance in leukaemias associated with RUNX1 or MOZ chromosomal rearrangements.