gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dead-time issues in predictive current control (2003)

Current control in inverter driven machine systems is arguably the most important part of the control system. If accurate and rapid current control is achieved then, given the correct reference currents, fast and accurate torque control can be achieved. Unfortunately the implementation of current control in power electronic systems is not ideal. Practical effects can have a significant influence on its performance. This paper examines one of these effects, dead-time, and considers the influence it has on the performance of predictive current controllers (PCCs). The paper presents analysis that shows that PCC implicitly compensates for voltage loss due to dead-time. Also a modified PCC is introduced that reduces the zero current clamp problem caused by dead-time. Simulation and experimental results are presented to verify the analysis and confirm the performance of the new algorithm.
Synthesis of <i>N</i>-Carboalkoxy-<i>e</i>-Aminocaproic Acid Esters. (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of N-Carboalkoxy-e-Aminocaproic Acid Esters.Bernard. Taub and J. B. HinoCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1964, 9, 1, 106–107Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/je60020a034https://doi.org/10.1021/je60020a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views89Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Hydrodynamic and hydromagnetic stability (1961)

Dr. Chandrasekhar's book received high praise when it first appeared in 1961 as part of Oxford University Press' International Series of Monographs on Physics. Since then it has been reprinted numerous times in its expensive hardcover format. This first lower-priced, sturdy paperback edition will be welcomed by graduate physics students and scientists familiar with Dr. Chandrasekhar's work, particularly in light of the resurgence of interest in the Rayleigh-Bénard problem. This book presents a most lucid introduction to the Rayleigh-Bénard problem: it has also been applauded for its thorough, clear coverage of the theory of instabilities causing convection. Dr. Chandrasekhar considers most of the typical problems in hydromagnetic stability, with the exception of viscous shear flow; a specialized domain deserving a book unto itself. Contents include: Rotation; Stability of More General Flows; Bénard Problem; Gravitational Equilibrium and Instability; Stability of a Magnetic Field; Thermal Instability of a Layer of Fluid heated from Below; Rayleigh-Taylor Instability; Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability; and Onset of Thermal Instability in Fluid Spheres and Spherical Shells. Each chapter is accompanied by a section of bibliographical notes: indexes locating definitions and theorems are also provided. Graduate students in theoretical and experimental physics, as well as physicists in diverse fields, will immediately remark upon the clear exposition, and be glad this book is now so readily available.
Iron-Catalyzed Olefin Epoxidation in the Presence of Acetic Acid:  Insights into the Nature of the Metal-Based Oxidant (2007)

The iron complexes [(BPMEN)Fe(OTf)2] (1) and [(TPA)Fe(OTf)2] (2) [BPMEN = N,N'-bis-(2-pyridylmethyl)-N,N'-dimethyl-1,2-ethylenediamine; TPA = tris-(2-pyridylmethyl)amine] catalyze the oxidation of olefins by H2O2 to yield epoxides and cis-diols. The addition of acetic acid inhibits olefin cis-dihydroxylation and enhances epoxidation for both 1 and 2. Reactions carried out at 0 degrees C with 0.5 mol % catalyst and a 1:1.5 olefin/H2O2 ratio in a 1:2 CH3CN/CH3COOH solvent mixture result in nearly quantitative conversions of cyclooctene to epoxide within 1 min. The nature of the active species formed in the presence of acetic acid has been probed at low temperature. For 2, in the absence of substrate, [(TPA)FeIII(OOH)(CH3COOH)]2+ and [(TPA)FeIVO(NCCH3)]2+ intermediates can be observed. However, neither is the active epoxidizing species. In fact, [(TPA)FeIVO(NCCH3)]2+ is shown to form in competition with substrate oxidation. Consequently, it is proposed that epoxidation is mediated by [(TPA)FeV(O)(OOCCH3)]2+, generated from O-O bond heterolysis of the [(TPA)FeIII(OOH)(CH3COOH)]2+ intermediate, which is promoted by the protonation of the terminal oxygen atom of the hydroperoxide by the coordinated carboxylic acid.
General Perturbative Approach for Spectroscopy, Thermodynamics, and Kinetics: Methodological Background and Benchmark Studies (2012)

A general second-order perturbative approach based on resonance- and threshold-free computations of vibrational properties is introduced and validated. It starts from the evaluation of accurate anharmonic zero-point vibrational energies for semirigid molecular systems, in a way that avoids any singularity. Next, the degeneracy corrected second-order perturbation theory (DCPT2) is extended to a hybrid version (HDCPT2), allowing for reliable computations even in cases where the original formulation faces against severe problems, including also an automatic treatment of internal rotations through the hindered-rotor model. These approaches, in conjunction with the so-called simple perturbation theory (SPT) reformulated to treat consistently both energy minima and transition states, allow one to evaluate degeneracy-corrected partition functions further used to obtain vibrational contributions to properties like enthalpy, entropy, or specific heat. The spectroscopic accuracy of the HDCPT2 model has been also validated by computing anharmonic vibrational frequencies for a number of small-to-medium size, closed- and open-shell, molecular systems, within an accuracy close to that of well established but threshold-dependent perturbative-variational models. The reliability of the B3LYP/aug-N07D model for anharmonic computations is also highlighted, with possible improvements provided by the B2PLYP/aug-cc-pVTZ models or by hybrid schemes. On a general grounds, the overall approach proposed in the present work is able to provide the proper accuracy to support experimental investigations even for large molecular systems of biotechnological interest in a fully automated manner, without any ad hoc scaling procedure. This means a fully ab initio evaluation of thermodynamic and spectroscopic properties with an overall accuracy of about, or better than, 1 kJ mol(-1), 1 J mol(-1) K(-1) and 10 cm(-1) for enthalpies, entropies, and vibrational frequencies, respectively.
On the Government of Electronic Bills of Lading : An appraisal (2008)

This thesis assesses the situation and potential success in legal practice of one major invention in the maritime industry, namely, the electronic bill of lading by taking into consideration developments of the relevant regulatory frameworks through time by some few important institutions involved including CMI (Comité Maritime International), Bolero (Bills of Lading Electronic Registry Organisation) and UNCITRAL (United Nations Commission on International Trade Law). The thesis focuses on analysing effectiveness of the legal attempts of these actors in supporting the electronic bill to be accepted as fully legally enforceable as in the paper-based case. In doing so, emphasis is placed on the question of how fundamental legal requirements of the traditional bill can also be met by this paperless replacement. The thesis argues that the trendy bill concerned shall be regarded as the electronic equivalent of the paper bill since, based on some of the recent guidelines and provisions offered, it certainly satisfies such traditional requirements. That is, the electronic bill of lading is, too, a legal document that can be signed and capable of performing all basic traditional functions which include being a receipt for the goods, being evidence of terms in a contract of carriage and, more sophisticatedly, being a negotiable document of title. The thesis points out that the CMI model fails to stay attractive for long as it is associated with a number of problems, while the Bolero system that follows, though imperfect, appears to be a better alternative for the contracting parties wishing to use the bill of lading in electronic form. UNCITRAL not only provides essential legal guidelines like Model Laws on Electronic Commerce and on Electronic Signatures, but also is developing Draft Convention on the Carriage of Goods [Wholly or Partly] [By Sea] purporting in part to build a thorough framework governing and help promoting the use of the electronic bill of lading. This great prospect expected by many to be a dream legal solution for the electronic bill has, however, some room for improvement as suggested in the thesis.
Essential Oils as Repellents against Arthropods (2018)

The development of effective and safe repellents against arthropods is very important, because there are no effective vaccines against arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) and parasites. Arboviruses and parasites are transmitted to humans from arthropods, and mosquitoes are the most common arthropods associated with dengue, malaria, and yellow fever. Enormous efforts have been made to develop effective repellents against arthropods, and thus far synthetic repellents have been widely used. However, the use of synthetic repellents has raised several concerns in terms of environmental and human health risks and safety. Thus, plant essential oils (EOs) have been widely used as an alternative to synthetic repellents. In this review, we briefly introduce and summarize recent studies that have investigated EOs as insect repellents. Current technology and research trends to develop effective and safe repellents from plant EOs are also described in this review.
Herpesviruses in brain and Alzheimer's disease (2002)

It has been established, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), that herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1) is present in a high proportion of brains of elderly normal subjects and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. It was subsequently discovered that the virus confers a strong risk of AD when in brain of carriers of the type 4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene (apoE-epsilon4). This study has now sought, using PCR, the presence of three other herpesviruses in brain: human herpesvirus 6 (HHV6)-types A and B, herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV2) and cytomegalovirus (CMV). HHV6 is present in a much higher proportion of the AD than of age-matched normal brains (70% vs. 40%, p=0.003) and there is extensive overlap with the presence of HSV1 in AD brains, but HHV6, unlike HSV1, is not directly associated in AD with apoE-epsilon4. In 59% of the AD patients' brains harbouring HHV6, type B is present while 38% harbour both type A and type B, and 3% type A. HSV2 is present at relatively low frequency in brains of both AD patients and normals (13% and 20%), and CMV at rather higher frequencies in the two groups (36% and 35%); in neither case is the difference between the groups statistically significant. It is suggested that the striking difference in the proportion of elderly brains harbouring HSV1 and HSV2 might reflect the lower proportion of people infected with the latter, or the difference in susceptibility of the frontotemporal regions to the two viruses. In the case of HHV6, it is not possible to exclude its presence as an opportunist, but alternatively, it might enhance the damage caused by HSV1 and apoE-epsilon4 in AD; in some viral diseases it is associated with characteristic brain lesions and it also augments the damage caused by certain viruses in cell culture and in animals.
Bias in knowledge graph embeddings (2020)

In this paper, we study bias in knowledge graph embeddings. We focus on gender bias in occupations, but our approach is applicable to other types of bias. We start by proposing measures for identifying bias in the dataset (i.e., in the KG) and then present two methods for testing whether any bias in the dataset is amplified by the embeddings. First, we look for gender-specific occupation analogies in the embeddings. Second, we test whether link prediction (i.e., occupation prediction in our case) aggregates gender bias by proposing gender-dominated occupations to people of the corresponding gender more often than expected. Then, we use a debiasing approach based on projections on the gender subspace. We present experimental results using the Wikidata dataset and pretrained TransE embeddings. Our results show that there exists gender bias in the dataset and that such bias is amplified by the embeddings. Our debiasing approach removes bias with a small penalty on accuracy.
The hatching process in <i>Trichuris muris</i> (Nematoda: Trichuroidea) (1981)

Eggs of Trichuris muris hatched in the cecal contents of mice. A new method was used to calculate the volume changes in the eggs and larvae during hatching under simulated in vivo conditions. Previously quiescent larvae were activated and performed a series of purposeful movements within the egg that resulted in the head and stylet penetrating one of the polar plugs. In the final stage prior to emergence from the egg, there was significant swelling of the eggs due to endosmosis, which was critical for successful hatching. The hatched larvae were also significantly bigger than the resting larvae. Some observations on egg morphology are made, and a mechanism for hatching of T. muris is described.
Synaptic Computation Demonstrated in a Two-Synapse Network Based on Top-Gate Electric-Double-Layer Synaptic Transistors (2017)

In this letter, a two-synapse network with synaptic computation function is demonstrated. Solid-state electric-double-layer indium-zinc oxide-based synaptic transistors gated by silicon oxide electrolyte are used as artificial synapses. The short-term synaptic plasticity of the synaptic transistors is utilized to achieve high-frequency filter, processing frequency coding spike stimulus. The filtering characteristics of one synapse are controlled by the other one. Furthermore, we conducted synaptic computation in the two-synapse network, which demonstrates how synaptic transistors perform computational functions in neural networks.
Mal rosado: Corticium salmonicolor Berk. y Br. (2003)

Esta enfermedad ocasionada por el hongo /Corticium salmonicolor/, es de amplia distribución en cafetales de varios países, donde ocasiona serios perjuicios en la producción de café, especialmente en altas densidades. Sobre esta enfermedad se presentan los síntomas, organismo causante, epidemiología y recomendaciones para su manejo.
Large-Scale Synthesis of InPZnS Alloy Quantum Dots with Dodecanethiol as a Composition Controller (2011)

A method for the large-scale synthesis of InPZnS alloy QDs was developed, which tune the optical properties by controlling the dodecanethiol to palmitic acid ratio. The control of the surfactant ratio resulted in the change of alloy composition. The absorption and emission peaks showed a blue shift as the amount of DDT increased, which implied the increase of ZnS contents. The alloy structure was confirmed with TEM, elemental analysis, XRD, and XPS; particularly, P2p peaks for In–P and InP–S bonds in XPS analysis could give clear evidence. The alloy QDs were overcoated with a ZnS shell, and the quantum yields (QYs) were in the range of 20–45% for all wavelengths. Finally, a cadmium-free QD yield in a single reaction was determined to be 2.74 g.
Back-hopping phenomenon in perpendicular mangetic tunnel junctions (2015)

This study shows a clear correlation between back hopping, write error rate, bias-dependent coercivity (Hc) and the switching phase diagram (SPD) of p-MTJs. Data support that the bias-induced fieldlike torque, in addition to the Slonczewski anti-damping torque, at higher bias voltages in dual-MgO p-MTJ, and a thinner MgO capping layer may suppress the occurrence of back hopping.
&#945;-Synuclein Ubiquitination and Novel Therapeutic Targets for Parkinson’s Disease (2014)

Accumulation of α-synuclein is key to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD), though the exact mechanisms involved in its toxicity are still subject to debate. Increased α-synuclein expression or reduced degradation may play a role in the proteotoxicity observed in PD. Here we review the mechanisms of α-synuclein ubiquitination by different E3 ubiquitin-ligases, and its degradation via the proteasome, autophagy and lysosomes. Activators of α- synuclein ubiquitination and degradation pathways represent a plausible strategy to decrease α-synuclein burden in the disease. Nevertheless, since proteasomes and autophagy might be impaired in the disease, and because proteolytic impairment causes the accumulation of monoubiquitinated α-synuclein and the formation of toxic inclusions, compounds that promote α-synuclein monoubiquitination should be used in concert with compounds that boost these proteolytic pathways. This combined approach may therefore ease the accumulation of α-synuclein in PD and may represent a promising new avenue for the development of novel treatments for the disease.
A Study on DOE Method to Optimize the Process Parameters for Cu CMP (2005)

Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) has been widely accepted for the global planarization of multi-layer structures in semiconductor manufacturing. Copper has been the candidate metallization material for ultra-large scale integrated circuits (ULSIs), owing to its excellent electro-migration resistance and low electrical resistance. However, it still has various problems in copper CMP process. Thus, it is important to understand the effect of the process variables such as turntable speed, head speed, down force and back pressure are very important parameters that must be carefully formulated in order to achieve desired the removal rates and non-uniformity. Using a design of experiment (DOE) approach, this study was performed investigating the main effect of the variables and the interaction between the various parameters during CMP. A better understanding of the interaction behavior between the various parameters and the effect on removal rate, non-uniformity and ETC (edge to center) is achieved by using the statistical analysis techniques. In the experimental tests, the optimum parameters which were derived from the statistical analysis could be found for higher removal rate and lower non-uniformity through the above DOE results.
Gfi1 Expression Is Controlled by Five Distinct Regulatory Regions Spread over 100 Kilobases, with Scl/Tal1, Gata2, PU.1, Erg, Meis1, and Runx1 Acting as Upstream Regulators in Early Hematopoietic Cells (2010)

The growth factor independence 1 (Gfi1) gene was originally discovered in the hematopoietic system, where it functions as a key regulator of stem cell homeostasis, as well as neutrophil and T-cell development. Outside the blood system, Gfi1 is essential for inner-ear hair and intestinal secretory cell differentiation. To understand the regulatory hierarchies within which Gfi1 operates to control these diverse biological functions, we used a combination of comparative genomics, locus-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, functional validation in cell lines, and extensive transgenic mouse assays to identify and characterize the complete ensemble of Gfi1 regulatory elements. This concerted effort identified five distinct regulatory elements spread over 100kb each driving expression in transgenic mice to a subdomain of endogenous Gfi1. Detailed characterization of an enhancer 35 kb upstream of Gfi1 demonstrated activity in the dorsal aorta region and fetal liver in transgenic mice, which was bound by key stem cell transcription factors Scl/Tal1, PU.1/Sfpi1, Runx1, Erg, Meis1, and Gata2. Taken together, our results reveal the regulatory regions responsible for Gfi1 expression and importantly establish that Gfi1 expression at the sites of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) emergence is controlled by key HSC regulators, thus integrating Gfi1 into the wider HSC regulatory networks.
Energy-Efficient Resource Allocation for OFDMA Heterogeneous Networks (2019)

We proposed several energy-efficient resource allocation algorithms for the downlink of an orthogonal frequency-division-multiple-access (OFDMA) based femtocell heterogeneous networks (HetNets). Heterogeneous QoS and fairness in rate are investigated in the proposed resource allocation problem. A dense deployment of femtocells in the coverage area of a central macrocell is considered and energy usage of both femtocell and macrocell users are optimized simultaneously. We aim to maximize the weighted sum of the individual energy efficiencies (WSEEMax) and the network energy efficiency (NEEMax) while satisfying the following: (1) minimum throughput for delay-sensitive (DS) users, (2) fairness constraint for delay-tolerant (DT) users, (3) required constraints of OFDMA systems. The problem is formulated in three different forms: mixed 0-1 integer programming formulation, time-sharing formulation and sparsity-inducing formulation. The proposed resource block (RB) and power optimization problems are combinatorial and highly non-convex due to the fractional form of the objective function, the integer constraint of OFDMA RBs and non-affine fairness. We adopt the successive convex approximation (SCA) approach and transform the problems into a sequence of convex subproblems. With the proposed algorithms, we show that the overall joint RB and power allocation schemes converge to suboptimal solutions. Numerical examples confirm the merits of the proposed algorithms.
Time efficient method for MOS circuit extraction (2002)

A new method for circuit extraction from VLSI masks for any MOS technology is presented. The algorithms operate on mask edges allowing rapid connectivity and device extraction. A new approach to non rectilinear polygon overlap analysis is presented. The scanline algorithm used is modified to meet geometric features imposed by technology. The transistor extraction is based on analysis of oriented, polygonal forms, allowing simultaneous transistor recognition and extraction of its topological parameters. The algorithms enable faster circuit extraction than previously presented methods, and, at the same time, are easy to understand and to implement.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>