gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Implementing artificial awareness with KnowLang (2013)

To become interaction-aware, an autonomic cyber-physical system needs to be aware of its physical environment and whereabouts and its current internal status. This ability is defined as artificial awareness and it helps intelligent software-intensive systems perceive changes, draw inferences for their own behavior and react. Originally, artificial awareness depends on the knowledge we transfer to a system and how we make the system use that knowledge, so it can exhibit intelligence. Artificial awareness requires a means of sensing changes, so the external and internal worlds can be perceived through their raw events and data. To build an efficient awareness mechanism, we need to provide a means of monitoring and knowledge representation along with a proper reasoner deriving awareness conclusions. In this paper, we present an approach to implementing artificial awareness with KnowLang, a special framework for knowledge representation and reasoning. KnowLang provides for a special knowledge context and a special reasoner operating in that context. The reasoner communicates with the host system via special ASK and TELL operators allowing for awareness conclusions and updates.
Validation of bovine glycomacropeptide as an intestinal anti-inflammatory nutraceutical in the lymphocyte-transfer model of colitis (2013)

Milk κ-casein-derived bovine glycomacropeptide (GMP) exerts immunomodulatory effects. It exhibits intestinal anti-inflammatory activity in chemically induced models of colitis. However, to validate its clinical usefulness as a nutraceutical, it is important to assess its effects in a model with a closer pathophysiological connection with human inflammatory bowel disease. Therefore, in the present study, we used the lymphocyte-transfer model of colitis in mice and compared the effects of GMP in this model with those obtained in the dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) model. GMP (15 mg/d) resulted in higher body-weight gain and a reduction of the colonic damage score and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in Rag1(-/-) mice with colitis induced by the transfer of naïve T cells. The colonic and ileal weight:length ratio was decreased by approximately 25%, albeit non-significantly. GMP treatment reduced the percentage of CD4⁺ interferon (IFN)-γ⁺ cells in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN). The basal production of IL-6 by MLN obtained from the GMP-treated mice ex vivo was augmented. However, concanavalin A-evoked production was similar. The colonic expression of regenerating islet-derived protein 3γ, S100A8, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 and IL-1β was unaffected by GMP, while that of TNF-α and especially IFN-γ was paradoxically increased. In the DSS model, GMP also reduced the activity of colonic MPO, but it failed to alter weight gain or intestinal weight:length ratio. GMP augmented the production of IL-10 by MLN cells and was neutral towards other cytokines, except exhibiting a trend towards increasing the production of IL-6. The lower effect was attributed to the lack of the effect of GMP on epithelial cells. In conclusion, GMP exerts intestinal anti-inflammatory effects in lymphocyte-driven colitis.
Development of Silver-Based Multilayer Coating Electrodes with Low Resistance for Use in Flat Panel Displays (2000)

Multilayer coatings consisting of thin silver layers sandwiched between layers of transparent conducting metal oxides were investigated from the view-point of low-resistance electrodes for use in flat panel displays. Optimization of the multilayer coatings resulted in a five-layer coating composed of indium and zinc oxide composite material (IZO) and silver containing 1 wt% of palladium (Ag–Pd). The coatings had satisfactory properties of low resistance, high transmittance, high moisture and alkali resistance, and good patterning.
Bisimulations in the Join-Calculus (1998)

We develop a theory of bisimulation in the join-calculus. We introduce a refined operational model that makes interactions with the environment explicit, and we discuss the impact of the lexical discipline of the join-calculus on its extensional semantics. We propose several formulations of bisimulation and we establish that all formulations yield the same equivalence. We prove that this equivalence is finer than barbed congruence, but that both relations coincide in the presence of name-testing.
Preparation of N-salicylideneamino-acid and -ester complexes of oxovanadium-(IV) and -(V) (1970)

Bis(salicylaldehydato)aquo-oxovanadium(IV) and its pyridine analogue have been prepared. Reaction of the former with glycine ethyl ester gave oxobis-[N-(ethoxycarbonylmethyl)salicylidineiminato]vanadium(IV) which was converted by heating in methanol into the analogous methyl ester complex. Prolonged heating of this complex in aqueous methanol led to hydrolysis of the ester and oxidation to vanadium(V). The atmospheric oxidation in alcohols of oxo-[N-(carboxyalkyl)salicylidineiminato]aquovanadium(IV) complexes to mono- or bi-nuclear oxovanadium(V) species was also studied.
Inter-α-trypsin Inhibitor Promotes Bronchial Epithelial Repair after Injury through Vitronectin Binding (2009)

Pulmonary epithelial injury is central to the pathogenesis of many lung diseases, such as asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, and the acute respiratory distress syndrome. Regulated epithelial repair is crucial for lung homeostasis and prevents scar formation and inflammation that accompany dysregulated healing. The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays an important role in epithelial repair after injury. Vitronectin is a major ECM component that promotes epithelial repair. However, the factors that modify cell-vitronectin interactions after injury and help promote epithelial repair are not well studied. Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor (IaI) is an abundant serum protein. IaI heavy chains contain von Willebrand A domains that can bind the arginine-glycine-aspartate domain of vitronectin. We therefore hypothesized that IaI can bind vitronectin and promote vitronectin-induced epithelial repair after injury. We show that IaI binds vitronectin at the arginine-glycine-aspartate site, thereby promoting epithelial adhesion and migration in vitro. Furthermore, we show that IaI-deficient mice have a dysregulated response to epithelial injury in vivo, consisting of decreased proliferation and epithelial metaplasia. We conclude that IaI interacts not only with hyaluronan, as previously reported, but also other ECM components like vitronectin and is an important regulator of cellular repair after injury.
Usage tracking by public information system mediator (2004)

Keeping track of the users' activity is a common scenario in the Internet nowadays. Large volumes of usage data are collected and stored on Web servers, proxies and clients throughout the network on a daily basis. Properly interpreted, these data are a valuable resource for determining the effective marketing strategies, automatic generation of personalized user profiles, and network performance optimization. Information and data correlation needed to perform these tasks are extracted from the collected data through data mining process. This work presents the usage tracking performed by the public information system mediator. The mediator provides a design-time support for the development of distributed services and a run-time support for their execution. One of the aspects of the service run-time support is collecting the service's usage. The usage collecting mechanism introduced by the mediator is adaptable through the service specific filters. Collected usage data are grouped into general and service specific usage data. Based on these two groups of usage data, two types of data mining processes are being proposed. General data mining uses general usage data to extract the usage patterns and optimize performance of the mediator. Service specific data mining is done by the service vendor through the semantic interpretation of service specific usage data and is used for extending the service offerings and service performance optimization.
Automated detection and characterization of SPIO‐labeled cells and capsules using magnetic field perturbations (2011)

Understanding how individual cells behave inside living systems will help enable new diagnostic tools and cellular therapies. Superparamagnetic iron oxide particles can be used to label cells and theranostic capsules for noninvasive tracking using MRI. Contrast changes from superparamagnetic iron oxide are often subtle relative to intrinsic sources of contrast, presenting a detection challenge. Here, we describe a versatile postprocessing method, called Phase map cross-correlation Detection and Quantification (PDQ), that automatically identifies localized deposits of superparamagnetic iron oxide, estimating their volume magnetic susceptibility and magnetic moment. To demonstrate applicability, PDQ was used to detect and characterize superparamagnetic iron oxide-labeled magnetocapsules implanted in porcine liver and suspended in agarose gel. PDQ was also applied to mouse brains infiltrated by MPIO-labeled macrophages following traumatic brain injury; longitudinal, in vivo studies tracked individual MPIO clusters over 3 days, and tracked clusters were corroborated in ex vivo brain scans. Additionally, we applied PDQ to rat hearts infiltrated by MPIO-labeled macrophages in a transplant model of organ rejection. PDQ magnetic measurements were signal-to-noise ratio invariant for images with signal-to-noise ratio > 11. PDQ can be used with conventional gradient-echo pulse sequences, requiring no extra scan time. The method is useful for visualizing biodistribution of cells and theranostic magnetocapsules and for measuring their relative iron content.
Binuclear platinum(II) photochemistry. Nucleophile-induced reduction of electron acceptors by electronically excited Pt2(P2O5H2)44- (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBinuclear platinum(II) photochemistry. Nucleophile-induced reduction of electron acceptors by electronically excited Pt2(P2O5H2)44-Chi Ming Che, Kar Cheong Cho, Wai Sang Chan, and Harry B. GrayCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1986, 25, 27, 4906–4909Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00247a027https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00247a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views108Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Arrhythmic Risk Evaluation during Exercise at High Altitude in Healthy Subjects: Role of Microvolt T‐Wave Alternans (2008)

In spite of an enhanced sympathetic activity, MTWA testing during exercise at high altitude was negative in all participants. Healthy trained subjects during exercise under hypoxia seem to be at low risk for dangerous arrhythmias.
Prevention of Aortic Atherosclerosis in Rabbit by Intravenous Microcrystallized Estradiol Benzoate and Dextran(R) (1958)

SummaryIntravenous administration of microcrystals of estradiol benzoate 2 hours after an intravenous injection of Dextran® prevented aortic atherosclerosis in cholesterolfed rabbits. The testicle and the hypophysis weights were similar to control groups. A predominant action of the injected drugs in the arterial lesions is suggested.
Engineering and Policy: Addressing National Sentiment, Economic Deficits, and Disasters (2014)

This chapter contains sections titled: I Demographic Snapshots, II Mobility Matters, III Roll Your Own Polling App, IV Tweets of Crisis, V Mining for Financial Futures, VI Conclusion
Fisetin Lowers Methylglyoxal Dependent Protein Glycation and Limits the Complications of Diabetes (2011)

The elevated glycation of macromolecules by the reactive dicarbonyl and α-oxoaldehyde methylglyoxal (MG) has been associated with diabetes and its complications. We have identified a rare flavone, fisetin, which increases the level and activity of glyoxalase 1, the enzyme required for the removal of MG, as well as the synthesis of its essential co-factor, glutathione. It is shown that fisetin reduces two major complications of diabetes in Akita mice, a model of type 1 diabetes. Although fisetin had no effect on the elevation of blood sugar, it reduced kidney hypertrophy and albuminuria and maintained normal levels of locomotion in the open field test. This correlated with a reduction in proteins glycated by MG in the blood, kidney and brain of fisetin-treated animals along with an increase in glyoxalase 1 enzyme activity and an elevation in the expression of the rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of glutathione, a co-factor for glyoxalase 1. The expression of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), serum amyloid A and serum C-reactive protein, markers of protein oxidation, glycation and inflammation, were also increased in diabetic Akita mice and reduced by fisetin. It is concluded that fisetin lowers the elevation of MG-protein glycation that is associated with diabetes and ameliorates multiple complications of the disease. Therefore, fisetin or a synthetic derivative may have potential therapeutic use for the treatment of diabetic complications.
Anderson Hamiltonian description of the experimental electronic structure and magnetic interactions of copper oxide superconductors (1987)

We describe valence-band and core-level photoemission data for copper oxide superconductors using the Anderson Hamiltonian applied to an impurity-cluster configuration-interaction model. We obtain experimental values of the parameters of the model, the copper\ensuremath{\rightleftarrows}oxygen chargetransfer energy $\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\sim}0.4$ eV, the $d\ensuremath{-}d$ Coulomb interaction $U\ensuremath{\sim}6$ eV, and the ligand-$d$ hybridization $T\ensuremath{\sim}2.4$ eV. Using these parameters, we evaluate the linear Cu-O-Cu superexchange interaction $J$ and find it is dominated by the charge-transfer fluctuations. The magnitude obtained for $J$ is much larger than typical N\'eel temperatures of these materials, and is somewhat larger than that estimated from applying the resonating-valence-bond picture to ${\mathrm{La}}_{2}$Cu${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$. We point out that for $\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\ll}U$ and $T\ensuremath{\gg}\ensuremath{\Delta}$ the charge-transfer degrees of freedom, and the lattice aspects of the Anderson lattice Hamiltonian, should not be neglected in constructing models for the high-${T}_{c}$ superconductivity. We also emphasize our resonant-photoemission result that the very small density of states at or near the Fermi level in all these materials has a substantial contribution from Cu $3d$ states, suggesting their importance for the superconductivity. We report other details of the resonant-photoemission data involving La and Ba states in the materials containing these elements.
Induction and nuclear accumulation of fos and jun proto-oncogenes in hypoxic cardiac myocytes (1993)

Hypoxic and ischemic stresses cause a series of well documented changes in myocardial cells and tissues, including increased anaerobic glycolysis, loss of contractility, changes in lipid and fatty acid metabolism, and eventual irreversible membrane damage and cell death. In this article we describe changes in the expression and regulation of the proto-oncogenes fos and jun in cardiac myocytes exposed to severe hypoxia. The mRNAs encoding c-Fos, c-Jun, Jun-D, and Jun-B were induced within 1 h of exposure to hypoxia, increased 5-10-fold between 1 and 4 h and then declined. These inductions coincided with loss in myocyte contractility but occurred before there was irreversible cell damage or significant ATP loss. Immunostaining with anti-Fos and anti-Jun antibodies revealed the accumulation of these proteins in hypoxic cell nuclei. Pre-treatment of cells with protein kinase inhibitors significantly repressed the response at the mRNA level. We propose that hypoxic stress in these cells activates signal transduction pathways, possibly involving protein kinases, that result in the inductions of fos and jun gene families. Therefore AP1 may regulate myocardial adaptive responses to hypoxia in advance of energy depletion, cell damage, or reoxygenation.
Association and hydration of alcohols in low-dielectric solvents. I. <i>n</i>-Butanol (1976)

Formulae and thermodynamic formation constants of the aggregates of n-butanol and their hydrates in six low-dielectric solvents have been deduced by using an iterative mathematical treatment of distribution and isopiestic data. The solvents were cyclohexane, carbon tetrachloride, p-xylene, benzene, chlorobenzene, and o-dichlorobenzene.
Measurement of the intracrystalline self-diffusion of xenon in zeolites by the NMR pulsed field gradient technique (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMeasurement of the intracrystalline self-diffusion of xenon in zeolites by the NMR pulsed field gradient techniqueWilfried Heink, Joerg Kaerger, Harry Pfeifer, and Frank StallmachCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 6, 2175–2178Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00162a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00162a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views206Altmetric-Citations79LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Enhanced space time block coded systems by concatenating turbo product codes (2004)

The BER performance of a turbo product code (TPC) based space-time block coding (STBC) wireless system has been investigated for the first time. With the proposed system, both the good error correcting capability of TPC and the concurrent large diversity gain characteristic of STBC can be achieved. The BER upper bound has been derived taking BPSK modulation as an example. The emulation results show that the proposed system with the concatenated codes outperforms the one with only TPC or STBC and other reported schemes that concatenate STBC with convolutional turbo codes or trellis codes.
Determination of Phenolic Sympathetic Stimulants in Pharmaceuticals by Liquid Chromatography with Electrochemical Detection (1974)

Abstract A highly sensitive and selective instrument system combining pellicular cation exchange chromatography with thin layer electrochemistry is applied to the analysis of pharmaceutical dosage forms. Procedures are described for phenolic sympathetic amines in solid and liquid preparations. Satisfactory quantitation is achieved on the nanogram level with minimum sample manipulation and without need for any chemical reagents. Great advantage is demonstrated over previously described colorimetric, fluorometric, and gas chromatographic procedures.
Effect of Conjugation Pathway in Metal-Free Room-Temperature Dual Singlet–Triplet Emitters for Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (2016)

Metal-free dual singlet-triplet organic light-emitting diode (OLED) emitters can provide direct insight into spin statistics, spin correlations and spin relaxation phenomena, through a comparison of fluorescence to phosphorescence intensity. Remarkably, such materials can also function at room temperature, exhibiting phosphorescence lifetimes of several milliseconds. Using electroluminescence, quantum chemistry, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, we investigate the effect of the conjugation pathway on radiative and nonradiative relaxation of the triplet state in phenazine-based compounds and demonstrate that the contribution of the phenazine nπ* excited state is crucial to enabling phosphorescence.
Synthesis and X-ray crystal structure of 2-acetyl-9-azabicyclo[4.2.1]nonan-3-one. A conformationally locked s-cis analogue of anatoxin-a (1992)

2-Acetyl-9-azabicyclo[4.2.1]nonan-3-one 2(‘hydroxyanatoxin-a’), which represents a conformationally locked variant of the s-cis conformer of the potent cholinergic agonist anatoxin-a, is synthesised and characterised; this molecule lacks both nicotinic and muscarinic potency.
The dianion of benzyl phenyl sulphone. A general method for obtaining αβ-unsaturated phenyl sulphones from aldehydes and ketones (1973)

The reaction between αα-dimetallo-derivatives of benzyl phenyl sulphone and carbonyl compounds has been shown to give αβ-unsaturated phenyl sulphones (IV), in yields strongly dependent upon the nature of the metal. Good yields have been obtained from saturated aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes and ketones, including αβ-unsaturated carbonyl compounds. The stereochemistry of the reaction has been studied. In the case of benzaldehyde and p-chlorobenzaldehyde only the Z-isomer was isolated; in the other cases a ca. 1 : 1 mixture of Z- and E-isomers was obtained.
Natural Abundance Nitrogen-15 NMR in Thermotropic Liquid Crystals With Cyano-Group (2016)

Abstract We present natural abundance nitrogen-15 (NAN15) NMR spectroscopy in thermotropic liquid crystals. It is demonstrated that high resolution NAN15 NMR spectra in mesophases can be accurately recorded in non-spinning samples with a high orientational molecular order and strong anisotropic spin interactions. In this technique, due to low demand on radio-frequency decoupling power, standard solution-state probes can be used, which generally provide superior sensitivity and spectroscopic resolution in comparison to solid-state probes. We show that 15 N chemical shift anisotropy (CSA) can be used as a sensitive probe of molecular orientational dynamics in liquid crystals. This method is exploited here to measure the orientational molecular order parameter of the nematic 4-pentyl-4′-cyanobiphenyl (5CB). Since the nitrogen spectra are obtained from the molecules constituting the mesophase rather than from probe molecules, the information is direct and the analysis and interpretation is straightforward. Nitrogen CSA of immobilized molecules, required in the analysis, is obtained using a DFT calculation. The approach provided consistent results for the order parameter in the nematic 5CB in the whole temperature range, in good agreement with literature data.