gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pathogenesis of pelvic inflammatory disease. What are the questions? (1991)

Pelvic inflammatory disease is usually caused by<i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i>or<i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i>. Chlamydiae and gonococci are primary pathogens of the cervix and often ascend. Resultant damage to the cervix may permit organisms to move upward, but this mechanism of action is not well understood. Puberty and hormones, particularly oral contraceptives, may enhance chlamydial infection, but the mechanisms and likelihood of spread to the upper tract are ill defined. Upper tract infection with<i>C trachomatis</i>involves an acute phase, characterized by an influx of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and a chronic or persistent phase characterized by the presence of mononuclear cells (delayed hypersensitivity). Gonococci invade nonciliated epithelial cells, but are toxic to ciliated cells, due to elaborated lipooligosaccharides and peptidoglycan. Certain gonococci stimulate chemotaxis of polymorphonuclear leukocytes whose release of toxic metabolites may damage tissue. The immunologic mechanisms that permit specific host responses to these two organisms are now being elucidated and should receive more attention by researchers. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;266:2587-2593)
Home from home (1990)

Judith Brown describes the unconventional set-up of Lynwood House and how it has introduced an exciting new dimension to elderly care
Comparison of optical, SEM, and AFM overlay measurement (1999)

Shrinking device geometry places increasing demands on alignment between successive processing levels. In addition to precise measurement of the overlay, accuracy with respect to the product has to be ascertained. In this study we attempt to address the accuracy of overlay measurement in 175 nm ground rule DRAM products. Optical overlay is a precise technique, however, process induced degradation of mark integrity increases the measurement uncertainty. AFM and SEM techniques are explored as alternative techniques for overlay measurement uncertainty. AFM and SEM techniques are explored as an alternative technique for overlay measurement. Comparison of box-in-box and product measurements by Optical, AFM and SEM is presented. Estimation of lens induced aberrations show that their order of magnitude becomes comparable to the total overlay budget as the resolution limits of optical lithography are reached. Lens induced aberrations manifests in the form of across field overlay variation (AFOV) and the measurement of AFOV via SEM and AFM established that the estimation of overlay on BIB structures by optical methods is insufficient in characterizing the product within the exposure field.
New share-buffered direct-injection readout structure for infrared detector (1993)

A new current readout circuit for infrared (IR) detectors, called the share-buffered direct- injection (SBDI) circuit, is proposed and analyzed. It is found that the proposed SBDI readout structure can achieve the high readout performance as the conventional buffered direct- injection structure (BDI), but only with half chirp area and power dissipation. A new output stage with a dynamic discharge structure is also used to overcome the conventional readout speed bottleneck. It is clearly shown through the analysis that the proposed SBDI structure and the associated design technique can be applied to the readout circuit design of the two- dimensional focal plane array and achieve the same performances as the one-dimensional BDI structure.
Methionine substitute. 4-Methylthiobutane-1,2-diol (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMethionine substitute. 4-Methylthiobutane-1,2-diolThomas R. Steadman, Jan F. Van Peppen, and Stylianos. SifniadesCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1975, 23, 6, 1137–1144Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60202a052https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60202a052research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views89Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Comparison of mesenchymal stromal cells from young healthy donors and patients with severe chronic coronary artery disease (2011)

MSCs from young healthy donors and CAD patients proliferate equally well, express the same surface markers and increase in endothelial gene expression and ring structure formation capacity in the angiogenesis assay upon VEGF-stimulation. MSCs from CAD patients do not seem to be inferior to MSCs from young healthy donors thus indicating that autologous MSCs may be suitable for cell therapy in CAD patients.
Self-assembly of cationic pyrene nanotubes (2012)

The controlled preparation of organic nanotubesviaself-assembly of polycyclic aromatics is a contemporary challenge for supramolecular science. Here, we show that the self-assembly of pyrene-containing cationic amphiphiles, 3-(4-(pyren-6-yl)phenoxy)propan-1-ammonium salts (PyPA-Cl, PyPA-Br, and PyPA-SO44), can form high aspect ratio nanotubes with a uniform diameter distribution. We have also demonstrated that the counter anions also play an important role in the self-assembling results. The self-assembly of pyrene-containing cationic amphiphilic molecules with monovalent anions (Cl−− and Br−−) forms exclusively uniform nanotubes; whereas the self-assembly of amphiphiles with bivalent counter anions (SO42−) forms exclusively high aspect ratio nanoribbons. Furthermore, we have found that the diameter of the PyPA-Brnanotubes is larger than that of the PyPA-Clnanotubes. The research results reported herein represent an important step towards the preparation of functional nanostructures with controlled 1D architectures.
Neuraminidase Production by Streptococci from Patients with Glomerulonephritis (1985)

Autoantigenic events in acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) may result from neuraminidase-induced alterations in immunoglobulin levels. Whether streptococci from patients with APSGN produced neuraminidase and, if so, what substrates could be used for screening purposes and what were of potential clinical relevance were determined. Group A streptococci cultured from 20 patients with APSGN and four patients with acute rheumatic fever and group B, C, D, and G streptococci cultured from other individuals were reacted with the substrates to determine neuraminidase activity by the thiobarbituric acid assay. Neuraminidase production was detected in 16 of 20 streptococci from patients with APSGN. Partial purification by Sephadex G-150 chromatography gave two peaks, and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis gave two bands with neuraminidase activity. Bovine mucin was the most useful substrate to detect neuraminidase production by nephritogenic streptococci, and with respect to human substrates, IgM was the most sensitive and renal basement membrane the least sensitive to enzyme action.
QUALITY OF DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS IN DEMINING CROATIA (2008)

Buduci da je Republika Hrvatska jedna od zemalja ciji je teritorij najvise zagađen minama, problem miniranosti predstavlja jednu od glavnih kocnica razvoja privrednih, gospodarskih i ostalih resursa. Velika je važnost kvalitete u razvoju sustava protuminskog djelovanja, koji ima za cilj vratiti minski sumnjiva podrucja u prijasnju uporabu, jer samo kvalitetno razminiran prostor ne predstavlja opasnost za život stanovnistva i ostvaruje zadovoljstvo korisnika. U ovom su radu prikazane specificnosti sektora razminiranja u Republici Hrvatskoj, clanovi kanala distribucije, njihova zaduženja i odgovornosti, te prikazan rad Hrvatskog centra za razminiranje. Cilj rada je definirati znacenje kvalitete u sektoru razminiranja, te pokazati specificnosti upravljanja kvalitetom u navedenom podrucju. Također, cilj je rada ustanoviti stupanj zadovoljstva korisnika sustava razminiranja radom subjekata u kanalima distribucije, ali i istražiti njihove prijedloge za moguca poboljsanja. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju kako postojeci kanali distribucije u velikoj mjeri zadovoljavaju korisnike, ali zbog sporosti cjelokupnog procesa i nedostatka financijskih sredstava ne osiguravaju potpuno zadovoljstvo korisnika razminiranog podrucja.
A toroidal microwave reflector (2005)

Many applications require reflectors capable of providing wide angle scanning of a pencil beam in a plane, and it has been demonstrated that the torus type is superior to other known reflectors for this purpose. The parabolic torus, in particular, is formed by revolving a parabolic generating curve about an axis parallel to the latus rectum. Scanning is obtained by rotating a feed on the arc of a circle centered on this axis so that, due to symmetry, radiation patterns are identical for all feed positions. However, the parabolic torus has inherent phase errors which limit the useful reflector area. This paper discusses a reflector derived by assuming a toroidal surface and numerically calculating the generating curve to provide a balance of phase errors over the illuminated area. The generating curve so determined was found to be an ellipse. Accordingly, this new reflector is referred to as an elliptical torus. In magnitude, phase errors from the elliptical torus are approximately one-half those from the parabolic torus. Radiation patterns from experimental reflectors show that for very large apertures in terms of wavelengths, the elliptical torus gives a narrower beam than a parabolic torus with the same aperture size and same f/D ratio.
Situational Access Control in the Internet of Things (2018)

Access control in the Internet of Things (IoT) often depends on a situation --- for example, "the user is at home'' --- that can only be tracked using multiple devices. In contrast to the (well-studied) smartphone frameworks, enforcement of situational constraints in the IoT poses new challenges because access control is fundamentally decentralized. It takes place in multiple independent frameworks, subjects are often external to the enforcement system, and situation tracking requires cross-framework interaction and permissioning. Existing IoT frameworks entangle access-control enforcement and situation tracking. This results in overprivileged, redundant, inconsistent, and inflexible implementations. We design and implement a new approach to IoT access control. Our key innovation is to introduce "environmental situation oracles'' (ESOs) as first-class objects in the IoT ecosystem. An ESO encapsulates the implementation of how a situation is sensed, inferred, or actuated. IoT access-control frameworks can use ESOs to enforce situational constraints, but ESOs and frameworks remain oblivious to each other's implementation details. A single ESO can be used by multiple access-control frameworks across the ecosystem. This reduces inefficiency, supports consistent enforcement of common policies, and --- because ESOs encapsulate sensitive device-access rights --- reduces overprivileging. ESOs can be deployed at any layer of the IoT software stack where access control is applied. We implemented prototype ESOs for the IoT resource layer, based on the IoTivity framework, and for the IoT Web services, based on the Passport middleware.
Research on WDM optical transport network with GMPLS technology (2009)

Wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) is the best technology currently available to handle the rapidly increasing demand for bandwidth in fiber-optical telecommunications networks. This paper analyzes WDM transport network and discusses GMPLS technology for WDM network. Today, WDM optical transport networks have become more complex over the years and have extended into the metropolitan areas closer to network customers. In addition, a number of business applications are now provided from different locations, which depend heavily on the connectivity of the wide area network. Many of these applications are mission critical and require a high level of reliability. Furthermore, given the recent emphasis on hardening networks against natural disasters and terrorist activities, enhancing the robustness of their telecommunication networks has become a priority for most service providers.
The combination of anti-B7 monoclonal antibody and cyclosporin A induces alloantigen-specific anergy during a primary mixed lymphocyte reaction. (1994)

Interaction of CD28/CTLA-4 on T cells with B7 on antigen-presenting cells constitutes an important costimulatory signal for T cells and is responsible for cyclosporin A-resistant interleukin 2 (IL-2) gene expression and potentially also for prevention of anergy induction after T cell receptor triggering. In this paper, we demonstrate that addition of a monoclonal antibody to B7, which blocks B7-CD28/CTLA-4 interaction, and of cyclosporin A together, but not separately, to a primary mixed lymphocyte reaction of freshly isolated human T cells towards a human B cell line, induces nonresponsiveness of alloantigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte precursors, whereas reactivity to a third party stimulator is intact. Nonresponsiveness could be reversed by culture in IL-2, indicating that anergy, and not clonal deletion, is responsible for this phenomenon. Our finding opens important perspectives for the development of new therapeutic strategies in transplantation.
Demonstration of Drag:on - A VR Controller Providing Haptic Feedback Based on Drag and Weight Shift (2020)

While standard VR controllers lack means to convey realistic, kinesthetic impressions of size, resistance or inertia, this demonstration presents Drag:on, an ungrounded shape-changing interaction device that provides dynamic passive haptic feedback based on drag, i.e. air resistance, and weight shift. Drag:on leverages the airflow at the controller during interaction. The device adjusts its surface area to change the drag and rotational inertia felt by the user. When rotated or swung, Drag:on, conveys an impression of resistance, which we previously used in a VR user study to increase the haptic realism of virtual objects and interactions compared to standard controllers. Drag:on's feedback is suitable for rendering virtual mechanical resistances, virtual gas streams, and virtual objects differing in scale, material and fill state. In our demonstration, participants learn about this novel feedback concept, the implementation of our prototype and can experience the resistance feedback during a hands-on session.
Automatic detection of snoring signals: validation with simple snorers and OSAS patients (2002)

Relationship between snoring and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) has been reported in the literature. Recently, studies of snoring sound intensity, but also estimation of spectral features for each snoring episode, have been published. Usually, patients that are suspected of OSAS pathology are studied by polysomnography during all the night. To analyze the snoring signal, it is very useful to automatically detect each episode, in order to calculate several features that describe the signal. In this work an automatic detection algorithm of acoustic snoring signals has been designed, to work with long duration respiratory sound recordings. Two blocs compose the detector. The former is a segmentation subsystem that detects changes of variance on the signal. The latter is a 2-layer Feedforward Multilayer Neural Network with backpropagation learning algorithm. The network was trained with 625-selected events, including snores with different shapes and characteristics, from normal snorers and OSAS patients, and other sounds. In this way, the detector was designed to select snoring episodes from simple snorers and OSAS patients, and to reject cough, voice and other artifacts. The detector has been applied to real snoring signals recorded during polysomnographic studies. In order to validate the detector, more than 500 snores were analyzed from 10 excerpts, taken at random from a database of 30 snorer subjects with different apnea/hipoanea index (AHI). Results were compared with manual annotations done by a medical doctor. The detector showed a good performance and achieved a Sensitivity of 82% and a Positive Predictive Value of 90%.
Alignment of Chromonic Liquid Crystals: A Difficult Task (2013)

We present our recent effort on chromonic liquid crystal alignment. In particular, we report the alignment behavior of chromonic molecules using different hydrophobic substrates. Different materials have been used to this purpose but in all cases ribbons textures develop, indicating a slow water evaporation and/or a strong aggregation among molecules, that, as reported in a recent paper, give rise to threads connected through salt bridge bonds. Thin films of materials usually employed for thermotropic liquid crystals alignment induce schlieren textures that after 10 days evolve into ribbon textures; thin films of materials with a low surface energy orient molecules in homeotropic configuration, but the alignment is lost after two weeks as in the case of degenerate planar alignment.
P2‐009: PF‐06648671–A Novel Gamma Secretase Modulator: Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Effects on Plasma Amyloid‐B Levels Following Single Oral Ascending Doses in Healthy Volunteers (2016)

To evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and effect on plasma Abeta of PF-06648671 following single oral ascending doses in healthy volunteers. Tis was a Phase 1, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single ascending dose study in 2 sequential cohorts of healthy subjects with placebo substitution, cross-over design. Ten and 8 subjects were randomized and treated in Cohort 1 and 2 respectively, with each subject receiving up to 3 doses of PF-06648671 and a placebo. Two, 4, 12 and 40 mg single doses were tested in Cohort 1, and 120, 240 and 360 mg were tested in Cohort 2. Food effect was also assessed at 120 mg with high-fat breakfast in Cohort 2. Plasma was collected for pharmacokinetic and Abeta (x-40, x-42 and total) biomarker analysis. No clinical abnormalities were identified and no significant changes on safety ECG, telemetry, vital signs, or labs were observed up to 360 mg single dose. Doses were escalated up to the pre-defined exposure limit and maximum tolerated dose has not been established. Following single doses under fasted condition, PF-06648671 was absorbed rapidly with median tmax of 1 to 1.5 hours. The mean terminal t1/2 was 13.9 to 23.1 hours. The Cmax and AUCinf increased by approximately 88- and 140-fold over the dose range of 2 to 360 mg. With high-fat meal, a delayed median tmax of 4 hours was observed. AUCinf slightly increased by 23% while Cmaxdecreased by 24% compared to the fasted state. Significant, dose-dependent reductions in plasma Abeta42, 40 and total were observed. The placebo-adjusted maximal change from baseline was -56.9% and -68.8% for plasma Abeta42 and 40, respectively, after a single dose of 360 mg. As expected, the reduction in Abeta total was substantially less than in Abeta40 and 42. PF-06648671 was generally safe and well tolerated in healthy subjects after single oral doses up to 360 mg. Robust and dose-dependent reductions in plasma Aβ40 and Aβ42 were observed following single dose administrations. A multiple ascending dose study in healthy adult and elderly is ongoing with CSF Aβ effect evaluated at steady state.
On the reduction of component count in switched capacitor DC/DC convertors (2002)

Conventional switched capacitor power convertors are unsuitable for many practical applications because of their large component count. A new modified topology is proposed for step-down DC/DC switched capacitor power convertors using a multistage structure of switches and capacitors. The component count can be reduced by up to one third or more for various designs. The ripple output and inrush current also are reduced. Simulation results and their analysis are provided.
ROADS AND THEIR RIDING QUALITIES. ROAD ENGINEERING DIVISION. (1948)

Keywords ROAD RESEARCH LABORATORY ROADS, RIDING, QUALITY, SURFACE, IMPERFECTIONS, APPARATUS, QUALITY, TESTS, JOINTS, FORMWORK, BITUMEN, SURFACING, MACHINE LAID, DRESSING, TIME, BIBLIOGRAPHY, IRREGULAR, CONCRETE USA... Show All
Contamination of Bottled Waters with Antimony Leaching from Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Increases upon Storage (2007)

Antimony concentrations were determined in 132 brands of bottled water from 28 countries. Two of the brands were at or above the maximum allowable Sb concentration for drinking water in Japan (2 microg/L). Elevated concentrations of Sb in bottled waters are due mainly to the Sb2O3 used as the catalyst in the manufacture of polyethylene terephthalate (PET(E)). The leaching of Sb from PET(E) bottles shows variable reactivity. In 14 brands of bottled water from Canada, Sb concentrations increased on average 19% during 6 months storage at room temperature, but 48 brands of water from 11 European countries increased on average 90% under identical conditions. A mineral water from France in PET(E), purchased in Germany, yielded 725 ng/L when first tested, but 1510 ng/L when it was stored for 6 months at room temperature; the same brand of water, purchased in Hong Kong, yielded 1990 ng/L Sb. Pristine groundwater containing 1.7+/-0.4 ng/L Sb (n = 6) yielded 26.6+/-2.3 ng/L Sb (n = 3) after storage in PET(E) bottles from Canada for 6 months versus 281+/-38 ng/L Sb (n = 3) in PET(E) bottles from Germany. Tap water bottled commercially in PET(E) in December 2005 contained 450+/-56 ng/L Sb (n = 3) versus 70.3+/-0.3 ng/L Sb (n = 3) when sampled from a household faucet in the same village (Bammental, Germany), and 25.7+/-1.5 ng/L Sb (n = 3) from a local artesian flow.
Selective reduction of steroid 3- and 17-ketones using lithium aluminum hydride activated template polymers (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelective reduction of steroid 3- and 17-ketones using lithium aluminum hydride activated template polymersStyrbjoern E. Bystroem, Anna Boerje, and Bjoern AkermarkCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 5, 2081–2083Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00058a089https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00058a089research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views578Altmetric-Citations105LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts