gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structure and properties of polypropylene/low‐density polyethylene blends grafted with itaconic acid in the course of reactive extrusion (2006)

Abstract This study was concerned with the structural features and mechanical properties of polypropylene (PP)/low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) blends, which after compounding were modified by the free‐radical grafting of itaconic acid (IA) to produce [PP/LDPE]‐ g ‐IA in the course of reactive extrusion. To analyze the structural features of the [PP/LDPE]‐ g ‐IA systems, differential scanning calorimetry and relaxation spectrometry techniques were used. The data were indicative of the incompatibility of PP and LDPE in the [PP/LDPE]‐ g ‐IA systems on the level of crystalline phases; however, favorable interactions were observed within the amorphous phases of the polymers. Because of these interactions, the crystallization temperature of PP increased by 5–11°C, and that of LDPE increased by 1.3–2.7°C. The rapprochement of their glass‐transition temperatures was observed. The single β‐relaxation peak for the [PP/LDPE]‐ g ‐IA systems showed that compatibility on the level of structural units was responsible for β relaxation in the homopolymers used. Variations in the ratios of the polymers in the [PP/LDPE]‐ g ‐IA systems led to both nonadditive and complex changes in the viscoelastic properties as well as mechanical characteristics for the composites. Additions of up to 5 wt % PP strengthened the [PP/LDPE]‐ g ‐IA blended systems between the glass‐transition temperatures of LDPE and PP. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 1746–1754, 2006
A review of port scanning techniques (1999)

This paper reports the most important techniques used by TCP port scanners . TCP port scanners are specialized programs used to determine what TCP ports of a host have processes listening on them for possible connections. Since these ports characterize, in part, the amount of exposure of the hosts to potential external attacks, knowing their existence is a fundamental matter for network and/or security administrators. Moreover, as scanners are also used by hackers, administrators need to know how they work and what possible weakness they exploit to be able to prevent unwanted scanning or at least to record each scanning attempt.
Live music in hospital oncology settings: environmental, interpersonal, and personal outcomes for staff, patients, and carers (2021)

We discuss research findings in the context of relevant literature and suggest recommendations for future hospital-based live music programs. Results of this study indicate that live music interventions impacted individual, interpersonal, social and environment factors that led to health and wellbeing outcomes for participants.
B Cell Epitope Mapping Using Synthetic Peptides (2004)

Synthetic peptides are used for identification of functional B cell epitopes in antibody preparations. ELISA-type assays are used to identify sequences of proteins comprising antibody-binding regions. This unit describes three peptide display formats. Pepscan (pins) and SPOTs (cellulose membranes) may be used as solid-phase support media for peptide synthesis, followed by ELISA directly on the resulting peptide array. Alternatively, peptides may be cleaved from the array and tested in a standard microplate-based antibody capture ELISA format. The discussion includes choosing the peptide sequences by length and overlap, as well as determination of the minimum essential sequence for antibody binding. This method is highly effective for continuous epitopes and is often also useful for discontinuous epitopes.
Calibration of liquid-in-glass thermometers (1965)

This Monograph, which supersedes Circular 600, contains information of general interest to both manufacturers and users of liquid-in-glass thermometers, as well as those who wish to calibrate thermometers or submit them to the National Bureau of Standards for calibration.
Detection of a human CFC with a high proliferative potential (1989)

Abstract Colony forming cells (CFC) with high proliferative potential have been detected in nutrient agar cultures of human bone marrow cells containing recombinant human interleukin-3 (IL-3) and granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). These CFC were detected by the formation of large colonies with diameters greater than 0.5 mm and containing approximately 50,000 cells after 28 days incubation. The incidence of these CFC was only two in 100,000 normal bone marrow cells; however, bone marrow from patients treated with 5-fluorouracil contained up to sevenfold higher numbers of these CFC. The characteristics of these CFC, multifactor-responsive progenitors with high proliferative potential, requiring a prolonged growth period in culture and showing a relative preservation in marrow from individuals pretreated with 5-fluorouracil, are consistent with a human cell type equivalent to the primitive murine progenitor termed HPP-CFC.
A Study of Mimosine Toxicity in Plants (1966)

Mimosine and 3,4-dihydroxypyridine are inhibitory to the growth of mung bean seedlings. Mimosine inhibition could be reversed by tyrosine or nicotinic acid, but it was reversed by pyridoxal phosphate or ferrous ions. Inhibition due to dihydroxypyridine also could be reversed by ferrous ions, but not by pyridoxal phosphate. The possible mechanisms of growth inhibition are discussed. An enzyme is present in extracts of Leucaena seedlings that degrades mimosine stoichiometrically to 3,4-dihydroxypyridine, pyruvate, and ammonia. An enzymic breakdown of mimosine is also catalysed by extracts of mung bean seedlings. The occurence in Leucaena of dichrostachinic acid and a C-S-Iyase which degrades it to a thiol derivative, pyruvate, and ammonia were described; the latter enzyme was shown to be distinct from the enzyme-splitting mimosine. The substrate specificity, pH optimum, co-factor requirements, and inhibitors of this mimosine C-N-Iyase were investigated.
Proteoglycans in human long-term bone marrow cultures: biochemical and ultrastructural analyses (1986)

Proteoglycans within the extracellular matrix of human bone marrow have been implicated in the process of hematopoiesis, but little is known about the structure and composition of these macromolecules in this tissue. Hematopoietically active human long-term bone marrow cultures were incubated with medium containing 35S-sulfate and 3H-glucosamine as labeling precursors. Proteoglycans present in the medium and cell layer were extracted with 4 mol/L guanidine HCI and purified by diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)-Sephacel ion exchange and molecular sieve chromatography. Both culture compartments contain a large chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (MI, CI) that eluted in the void volume of a Sepharose CL-4B column and contained glycosaminoglycan chains of molecular weight (mol wt) approximately 38,000. A second population of sulfate-labeled material was identified as a broad heterogenous peak (MII, CII) that was included on Sepharose CL-4B at Kav = 0.31. This material when chromatographed on Sepharose CL-6B could be further separated into a void peak (MIIa, CIIa) and an included peak eluting at Kav = 0.39 (MIIb, CIIb). The void peaks (MIIa, CIIa) were susceptible to chondroitinase ABC digestion (99%) but slightly less susceptible to chondroitinase AC digestion (90%). Papain digestion of these peaks revealed them to be proteoglycans with glycosaminoglycan chains of mol wt approximately 38,000. The included peaks on Sepharose CL-6B (MIIb, CIIb) from both medium and cell layer compartments resisted digestion with papain, indicating the presence of glycosaminoglycan chains of mol wt approximately 38,000 either free or attached to a small peptide. Although this material was susceptible to chondroitinase ABC (98%), it was considerably less susceptible to chondrotinase AC (approximately 60%), indicating that it contained dermatan sulfate. A small amount of heparan sulfate proteoglycan was also identified but constituted only approximately 10% of the total sulfated proteoglycan extracted from these cultures. Additionally, approximately 40% of the incorporated 3H- activity radioactivity was present as hyaluronic acid. Electron microscopy revealed a layer of adherent cells covered by a mat containing ruthenium red-positive granules that were connected by thin filaments. The extracellular matrix layer above the adherent cells contained a mixture of hematopoietic cells. Chondroitinase ABC treatment of the cultures completely removed the ruthenium red-positive granules overlying the cells and resulted in a loss of approximately 70% of the 35S-sulfate-labeled material from the cell layer.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Saliency investigation of PM brushless AC motors for high-frequency carrier signal injection-based sensorless control (2011)

Machine saliency level is a critical concern for high frequency carrier signal injection-based sensorless control of permanent magnet brushless AC (BLAC) motors. To describe the machine saliency level during the whole operation range, machine incremental inductances are required in conventional concepts. To avoid it for machine saliency investigation, a simple experimental method is developed in this paper for practical application, which could easily obtain the machine saliency information without any machine parameters. Based on the measured machine saliency information, Sensorless Safety Operation Area (SSOA) can be obtained, which is in a good agreement with the calculation results. Experimental results confirm the effectiveness of proposed method.
20세기 초, 중반 미국에서 조립식 대량생산 주택의 기원과 확장 (2016)

This research explores the origins of prefabricated housing (prefab) in the United States from the early to mid-20th century and its expansion not only throughout the United States, but also into the mass production of housing in other countries. Prefab appeared not only as a way to address the need for more houses after the World Wars, but also as a result of the desire for a new life in modern times. Moreover, prefab housing is strongly related to the development of greater mechanization and industrialization which enables mass production in housing. However, the beginnings of such mechanization and industrialization in architecture did not emerge abruptly in modern times, but had its origins in other movements, such as CIAM (Congres internationaux d'architecture moderne), the International Style, and others in Europe before the 20th century. Through these processes, mechanization and industrialization were adapted to the architecture of the United States in the early 20th century, and this process played an important role in changing modern life in America, especially with respect to mass production in housing. In addition, adopting mechanization in architecture helped to overcome the shortage of housing in the mid-20th century. In order to identify the origins of this process, this research scrutinizes the beginning of mechanization and industrialization in Europe and traces how these ideas were adopted in the United States. Moreover, this research explores a pioneering engineer, Robert Gilmore (R.G.) LeTourneau, who introduced the idea of the machine in America's housing improvement through his inventions, such as the `steel panel system` and the so-called `Tournalayer` machine. In this sense, this research helps to identify the essence and origins of prefabricated housing through the example of America's prefabricated buildings. This research also suggests that the example of the United States influenced the mass production of housing in other countries.
Upgrading Coal Liquids (1981)

Eight coal liquids prepared from six coals of widely differing rank were compared with respect to their suitability as potential feedstocks for production of refined fuels. The compositions of the liquids were determined by methods adapted from those developed for characterization of petroleum crudes. The coal liquids were prepared and upgraded by hydrogenation in a batch autoclave. The reaction conditions employed were selected to minimize hydrocarbon ring-opening reactions and, at the same time, to produce most of the hydrocarbon liquids potentially available from the coals. The degree of hydrogenation of the raw coal liquids was varied as required to decrease the nitrogen content to about the same level and to provide a predominantly hydrocarbon liquid for analysis. Distilled fractions of the upgraded coal liquids boiling up to 540° C were characterized by a combination of separation and analytical techniques including adsorption chromatography; gel permeation chromatography; separations of acids, bases, and asphaltenes; and high- and low-resolution mass spectrometry. In general, the results show that liquids of comparable suitability as feedstocks for production of refined fuels can be produced from coals of different rank.
Story Value Analysis of Sharing between Mutual Media with the Cases Oriented in Films and Games (2008)

엔터테인먼트산업의 OSMU(One Source Multi Use)의 중심에 있는 영화와 게임, 두 매체간의 OSMU 방법은 스토리공유에서 가장 두드러진다. 특히 게임의 스토리텔링은 서사학적 관점(소설, 영화 등 전통적인 스토리 구조)에서 게임에 활용될 수 있는 요소들과, 게임의 특성인 상호작용성을 반영하는 요소들의 조화에 중점을 두고 있다. 영화의 게임화, 게임의 영화화에 있어 성공적 스토리텔링의 중심요소는 스토리 밸류(Story Value)라 할 수 있을 것이다. 본 논문에서는 조셉 캠벨의 '영웅의 여정' 단계와 그레마스의 행위소 모델이론을 바탕으로 스토리밸류의 대표적인 요소인 스토리 이벤트, 캐릭터유형 및 관계, 캐릭터의 갈등유형의 관점에서 영화의 게임화와 게임의 영화화를 대표하는 사례분석을 통해 두 매체간의 호환 가능한 스토리텔링 및 캐릭터 설정방식을 모색해 보고자 한다. The movie and game are on the center of entertainment industry. The OSMU(One Source Multi Use) method of two media is the most conspicuous in sharing stories. Particularly, the storytelling of a game emphasizes a harmonization between the elements that can be used for a game on narrative point of view(the traditional plot like novel, film and etc.) and the elements reflecting the interactivity, the characteristic of a game. In the gaming made with a film and filming made with a game, the main element of successful storytelling is the story value. In this paper, we describe through the case analysis of the gaming made with a film and filing made with a game in three aspects based on hero's journey steps of Joseph Campbell and <TEX>$Gr\acute{e}mas's$</TEX> actant model theory, which they are the story event, the type and relation of characters, and the complication type between the characters. we, consequently, believe that the compatible storytelling between two media (film and game) and the setting way of characters could be made with the successful diversification in OSMU.
Susceptibility of lung epithelium to neutrophil elastase: protection by native inhibitors (1997)

The development of emphysema is thought to be due to an imbalance of proteases (especially neutrophil elastase [NE]) and antiproteases with loosening of the respiratory epithelium as an early event. We investigated the effect of NE on respiratory epithelial cell adherence in vitro , in the presence of varying concentrations and combinations of native inhibitors, alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor (PI) and secretory leukoprotease inhibitor (SLPI). SLPI was two to 12 times more effective than PI at preventing the effects of NE, especially when enzyme:inhibitor ratios were almost equivalent. Even when the concentration of SLPI was only 10% of the total (as in normal peripheral lung secretions), it gave greater protection than PI alone. This suggests that SLPI plays an important role in controlling neutrophil elastaseinduced inflammation and tissue damage.
Intelligent IBM-PC compatible boards support a variety of MIL-STD-1553 applications (2003)

Two IBM-PC compatible MIL-STD-1553 boards are discussed. The BUS-65515 and BUS-65517 boards particular features and capabilities are compared. The special error injection and detection routines, built-in-test, time tagging, and programmable shared RAM differences are highlighted. The electrical and mechanical aspects of these boards are also discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
IE Aust submission to the resource assessment commission into Australia's forest and timber resources (1991)

A working group from the Tasmanian Division of the Institution of Engineers, Australia has made a submission to the Resource Assessment Commission's inquiry into Australia's forest and timber resources. The submission addresses questions concerning current and future forest management practices and zoning, the forest industry's value to the community, alternative materials, and forest usage.
Edatrexate improves the antitumor effects of cyclophosphamide and cisplatin against non-small cell lung cancer (1991)

The authors treated 32 patients with Stage IIIB or IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with an outpatient regimen of edatrexate (10-ethyl-10-deaza-aminopterin) (10-EdAM) on days 1 and 8, cyclophosphamide on day 1, and cisplatin on day 1, repeated every 3 weeks with dose modification. The 22 men and 10 women (median age, 57 years of age) had no prior chemotherapy and a Zubrod performance status less than or equal to 2. A schedule with initial doses of 80 mg/m2, 800 mg/m2, and 80 mg/m2, respectively, yielded a 47% major response rate with two complete responses (95% confidence interval [CI], 25% to 70%), but it also yielded significant stomatitis and myelosuppression. A schedule with reduced starting doses (70 mg/m2, 700 mg/m2, and 70 mg/m2) was better tolerated, but dropped the major response rate to 27% with no complete responses (95% CI, 11% to 52%). Median survival time was 39 weeks for all 30 evaluable patients without a significant difference between the treatment groups (which were comparable in patient characteristics). Major response, however, was associated with longer survival time than minor response or no change (P = 0.024) or progressive disease (P = 0.001) (median survival times, 55, 39, and 27 weeks, respectively). When the doses delivered were compared, patients treated with the reduced dose schedule received less mean 10-EdAM per course (P = 0.01), although the doses of cyclophosphamide and cisplatin were comparable to the original dose schedule for the second course and thereafter. These results suggest that this three-drug regimen may have synergistic antitumor effects, with a steep dose-response relationship, particularly with 10-EdAM. With amelioration of the dose-limiting stomatitis of 10-EdAM, it seems possible to maximize the antitumor effects of this regimen.
Behavioral correlates of individual differences in road-traffic crash risk: An examination of methods and findings. (1993)

This article considers methodological issues relevant to the study of differential crash involvement and reviews the findings of research in this area. Aspects of both driving skill and driving style appear to contribute to crash risk. Of the former, hazard-perception latency appears to play an important role, and this may be attributable to generalized abilities to identify visual targets in a complex background and to switch attention rapidly. Of the latter, faster driving speed and willingness to commit driving violations increase crash risk, and these factors may be explicable in terms of personality and antisocial motivation. The article concludes with an examination of the practical implications and of the ways in which research in this area might usefully proceed.
An abnormal sound detection and classification system for surveillance applications (2010)

A detection and classification system for sound surveillance is presented. A human/non-human voice classifier is firstly applied to separate the input sound into human voice sound or non-human emergency sound. It utilizes a sliding window Hidden Markov Model (HMM) with trained background, human voice and non-human sound templates. In case of human voice, a scream/non-scream classification is performed to detect screaming in an abnormal situation such as screaming for help during bank robbery. In case of non-human sound, an emergency sound classifier capable of identifying abnormal sounds such as gun shot, glass breaking, and explosion, is employed. HMM is used in both scream/non-scream classification and emergency sound classification but with different sound feature sets. In this research, a number of useful sound features are developed for various classification tasks. The system is evaluated under various SNR conditions and low error rates are reported. 1.
Experimental realization of an <i>n</i>-channel double heterostructure optoelectronic switch (1986)

An n-channel double heterostructure optoelectronic switch has been demonstrated. As in the case of the p-channel device, there is a high impedance state without light emission and a low impedance state with strong spontaneous emission. The states are changed by optical or electrical signals and a digital optical gain of 14 is observed. The switching voltage is higher and the holding current is lower than in the p-channel case.
Ru Films from Bis(ethylcyclopentadienyl)ruthenium Using Ozone as a Reactant by Atomic Layer Deposition for Capacitor Electrodes (2012)

Ru films were produced by atomic layer deposition (ALD) with an alternating supply of bis(ethylcyclopentadienyl)ruthenium (Ru(EtCp)2) and ozone at deposition temperatures of 225–275°C. Ozone acted as an effective reactant for Ru(EtCp)2. The Ru film thicknesses formed during one cycle were saturated at relatively high values of 0.09–0.12 nm/cycle depending on the deposition temperatures, and their resistivities were about 16 μΩ cm. Moreover, a reduced nucleation delay was found for Ru ALD using ozone when compared to Ru ALD using oxygen gas. The amount of oxygen impurity incorporated into the Ru films was less than 1 at%, as determined by Auger electron spectroscopy. The interfacial adhesion property between Ru films prepared via ALD using ozone (ozone-Ru) and ZrO2 was good and 80% step coverage was achieved on a 3-D structure with a very high aspect ratio of 16:1, making them suitable for use as a top electrode material.
Improving register allocation for subscripted variables (2004)

Most conventional compilers fail to allocate array elements to registers because standard data-flow analysis treats arrays like scalars, making it impossible to analyze the definitions and uses of individual array elements. This deficiency is particularly troublesome for floating-point registers, which are most often used as temporary repositories for subscripted variables.In this paper, we present a source-to-source transformation, called scalar replacement , that finds opportunities for reuse of subscripted variables and replaces the references involved by references to temporary scalar variables. The objective is to increase the likelihood that these elements will be assigned to registers by the coloring-based register allocators found in most compilers. In addition, we present transformations to improve the overall effectiveness of scalar replacement and show how these transformations can be applied in a variety of loop nest types. Finally, we present experimental results showing that these techniques are extremely effective---capable of achieving integer factor speedups over code generated by good optimizing compilers of conventional design.
Relative bioavailability of three cefixime formulations (1990)

Three galenic formulations of cefixime (tablet, syrup and dry suspension) containing 200 mg each were compared with respect to their relative bioavailability in twelve healthy volunteers. All three formulations showed reliable absorption. Mean peak plasma concentrations were reached after 3.3-3.5 h, mean terminal half lives were 2.9-3.1 h. 18-24% of the dose administered were recovered unchanged in the urine. Best bioavailability was obtained with the dry suspension (AUC0-infinity = 25.8 +/- 7.0 micrograms/ml h; Cmax = 3.4 +/- 0.9 microgram/ml), followed by the tablet (AUC0-infinity = 20.9 +/- 8.1 micrograms/ml h; Cmax = 3.0 +/- 1.0 micrograms/ml) and the syrup which is based on triglycerides (AUC0-infinity = 17.8 +/- 5.9 micrograms/ml h; Cmax = 2.4 +/- 0.7 micrograms/ml). The statistical analysis resulted in bioinequivalence between dry suspension and syrup. It is concluded that best bioavailability of cefixime after oral administration is guaranteed when taken in an "aqueous medium" either as dry suspension or as tablet with "plenty of liquid".