gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Tautomerism of Substituted Pyrazolo[4,3‐<i>c</i>]pyrazoles (2013)

Abstract Fused five‐membered nitrogen heterocycles comprise a very important group of compounds frequently utilized in pharmaceutical applications. In this study, we report the first systematic synthesis of substituted pyrazolo[4,3‐ c ]pyrazoles and three regioisomers of their N ‐methyl derivatives. All compounds were fully characterized by NMR spectroscopy in solution and selected compounds also were studied by X‐ray diffraction in the solid state. 1 H, 13 C, and 15 N NMR spectroscopic data for all isomers were interpreted by DFT calculations of nuclear shielding constants and indirect spin–spin coupling constants. The N ‐methyl isomers were used in the following steps as model compounds to investigate a potential N 1‐H/ N 4‐H, N 2‐H/ N 4‐H, and N 1‐H/ N 5‐H tautomerism of 3,6‐substituted pyrazolo[4,3‐ c ]pyrazoles by using low‐temperature NMR spectroscopy. All bases were shown to occur predominantly in the N 1‐H/ N 4‐H tautomeric form and the structure of minor form was governed by the substituents at positions 3 and 6. Stabilities of individual tautomeric forms are calculated by DFT methods and discussed. A relationship between the tautomeric populations and the ratios among N ‐methyl isomers obtained upon methylation of selected bases in solution are investigated.
The Study of Mixed Associations by Sedimentation Equilibrium and by Light Scattering Experiments (1973)

The analysis of mixed associations by light scattering and sedimentation equilibrium experiments has been restricted so far to ideal, dilute solutions. Also it has been necessary to assume that the refractive index increments as well as the partial specific volumes of the associating species are equal. These two restrictions are removed in this study. Using some simple assumptions, methods are reported for the analysis of ideal or nonideal mixed associations by either experimental technique. The advantages and disadvantages of these two techniques for studying mixed associations are discussed. The application of these methods to various types of mixed associations is presented.
Depressed responses of the granulocyte-macrophage system to bacterial antigens following preimmunization. (1974)

Injection of C57B1 mice with endotoxin or other bacterial antigens normally produces (i) a rise in the serum level of a factor that stimulates granulocyte and macrophage colony formation in vitro and (ii) a rise in the numbers of granulocyte and macrophage progenitors in the blood. Preinjection of the mice with polymerized flagellins of Salmonella species specifically depressed both types of response. After a single injection of flagellin, depressed responsiveness began within 24 hr, persisted for several months and could be passively transferred to normal mice by injection of immune serum. Responsiveness was partially restored by 850 R whole body irradiation.
ChemInform Abstract: The Chemistry of N‐Substituted Benzotriazoles. Part 2. Reactions of Benzotriazole with Aldehydes and Aldehyde Derivatives. 1‐(α‐Hydroxyalkyl)‐, 1‐(α‐Alkoxyalkyl)‐, and 1‐(α‐Acyloxyalkyl)benzotriazoles. (1987)

Abstract Benzotriazole (I) reacts with a variety of aldehydes (II) to give the hydroxyalkyl derivatives (III).
Plasma Exchange in Acute Multiple Sclerosis (1983)

In 1979, a number of investigators began preliminary studies of plasma exchange in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).<sup>1-3</sup>The basic rationale was that MS is an autoimmune disease<sup>4</sup>and plasma exchange, by removing putative autoantibodies or other immunoactive serum factors, might have a beneficial effect. Prior studies of immunotherapy in MS, using a variety of medical approaches, had suggested a potential benefit to such therapy.<sup>5</sup>The application of plasma exchange to MS was also based on the success of plasma exchange in myasthenia gravis,<sup>6</sup>another autoimmune disease of the nervous system, even though the immune pathogenesis of MS remains undefined. Within the next year, a large number of investigators began treating MS with various plasma exchange regimens. The regimens included both plasma exchange alone and plasma exchange together with immunosuppressive agents and were administered to patients at a variety of clinical stages of MS. Virtually
Unified real time software decoder for HEVC extensions (2014)

There are several High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) extensions providing new tools on the top of a common HEVC base layer. These HEVC extensions enable higher temporal, spatial or quality of the video, 3-D rendering and range extension. In addition to the conforming HEVC decoder, the end-user need to support the decoding of the HEVC extension to benefits from its tools. In this paper we propose an unified software decoder enabling to decode all HEVC extensions. This solution is based on the open source project OpenHEVC which implements a conforming HEVC decoder. The new tools defined in HEVC extension are implemented and integrated into the OpenHEVC decoder. We show the first end-to-end video streaming demonstration of the HEVC extensions with the OpenHEVC decoder and the GPAC player. The GPAC server streams one HEVC base layer and two enhancement layers. At the client side, GPAC player uses the OpenHEVC to decode the base layer for HD resolution and can also decode whether the first EL for 4K resolution or the second EL for 3-D rendering.
Modeling and simulation for hybrid electric vehicles. I. Modeling (2002)

For pt.I see ibid., vol.3, no.4, p.235-43 (2002). Hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) simulation is conducted based on the model developed for a parallel HEV built in the University of Tennessee, Knoxville (UT-HEV). The HEV simulation is a parametric analysis of the power control schemes and vehicle performance. Major parameters are evaluated for the vehicle driven under the standard urban and highway driving schedules. The results indicate that current configuration of the UT-HEV NEON has superb capability for battery state of charge (SOC) recovery while meeting the velocity request of the given driving schedules. Recommendations are given from the simulation for optimal performance in light of the HEV power control, capability for SOC recovery through regeneration and regenerative braking, as well as velocity, acceleration and range performance.
Power Distribution for Arctic Subsea Tiebacks (2012)

Abstract Subsea tiebacks are becomingincreasingly prevalent in oil and gas field developments. As the accessibilityof the production from wellheads becomes more difficult, the need for subseacompression and pumping increases. Compression and pumping require significantpower which can be distributed and controlled from a HVSS (High-Voltage SubseaSubstation). The viability of an Arctic field development will be determined bythe reliability of all elements in the tieback and in particular, thecentralized subsea power distribution system. Introduction This paper presents the conceptual design and capabilities of a modular, expandable and highly reliable subsea HV (High Voltage, U &gt; 1000V)and LV (Low Voltage, U £ 1000V) power distribution system. The assemblyis designed to operate without intervention for extended periods of time and isideally suited to emerging green field developments in the Arctic. The conceptis built from components and subsystems each with a technology readiness levelof six or seven and is therefore well positioned for a prototype build anddeployment with minimal additional qualification. The core switchgear is built around proven 36kV CBs (Circuit-Breakers)connected together via an SF6-insulated bus bar. The use ofSF6 as a dielectric medium allows the size of the CBs and bus barpressure vessel to be minimized, reducing the mass and thus deploymentconstraints of the assembly. Connections to the switchgear assembly for boththe incoming power feed and switched outputs are via wet mate connectors. Theonly components in the main pressure vessel are the CBs, current transformers, voltage transformers and busbars. To maximize the overall system availability, the control and protectionsystems for each 36kV CB are redundant and housed in a series ofrecoverable modules rather than inside the main HV switchgear pressure vessel. Should there be a fault in the control and protection system, the redundancy isdesigned such that a faulty module can be replaced without loss of control ofits associated 36kV CB, thus maintaining production availability. A key and unique feature of this switchgear assembly design is the abilityto power all of the protection, control and communication equipment independentof the main HV AC power. This is achieved by including two high voltage directcurrent and fiber optic cables in the umbilical. At the switchgear module, theHV DC voltage is stepped down to LV DC via a pair of redundant nodes thatdistribute auxiliary power and communication capabilities to the subseaequipment. By independently powering the control and monitoring system, thestatus and position of each CB can be known during a black start without theneed for a subsea battery-supplied UPS (Uninterruptible Power System). Inkeeping with the simple and robust design philosophy, only critical telemetryis provided to monitor and control the system. Where telemetry is provided, itis also redundant
Schwergewichte auf der Waage (2010)

Abstract Am GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung ist erstmalig eine Präzisionsmassenmessung an einem Element im Bereich der Transurane gelungen. Das ist ein wichtiger Schritt auf dem Weg zur Stabilitätsinsel der superschweren Kerne.
Sterile radial artery granuloma after transradial procedures (2010)

Trans-radial cardiac catheterization has lower rates of arterial access site complications. Hydrophilic-coated sheaths designed specifically for trans-radial procedures have resulted in numerous reports of a foreign body reaction to retained material. Although this is a self-limited condition that should be managed expectantly, it is often confused with an infected pseudoaneurysm, resulting in unnecessary surgery. We searched the FDA MAUDE (Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience) database to determine which brands of sheath have been associated with this complication. In addition, we performed a literature search for all reported cases of this complication. Only one brand of sheath has been associated with this condition. As trans-radial procedures become more common in the US, knowledge of such complications, which appear to be specific to the Cook radial hydrophilic-coated sheaths, is imperative for all radial interventionalists to prevent unnecessary surgical procedures. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Morphogenesis of Cucumber Mosaic Virus-Induced Crystalline Inclusions in Peppers (1983)

On determine l'instant ou apparaissent pour la 1ere fois les cristaux apres inoculation, la duree necessaire pour que les cristaux atteignent leur taille maximale et la duree de leur existence dans les feuilles de poivron en conditions controlees
Impedimetric Urea Biosensor Based on Modified Gold Electrode with Urease Immobilized on Glutathione Layer (2014)

In this work, a glutathione (GSH) modified gold microelectrode was used for the covalent immobilization of urease biomolecules via the glutaraldehyde-coupling agent. The self- assembled monolayers (SAMs) onto the gold surface was investigated by using the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements (EIS). Before urease grafting, a significant interaction was noticed between urea and the glutathione layer by forming hydrogen bonds. The H-NMR analysis was carried out to highlight the possibility of having a covalent link between urea and the GSH deposited layer. In addition, contact angle measurements were carried out to determine the hydrophobic/hydrophilic feature of the modified gold surface electrode. After urease immobilization a stable and high sensitive impedimetric urea biosensors was obtained with a sensitivity of 8.73´10- 8 W-1mM-1 for the low concentrations range and a sensitivity of 7.03´10-9 W-1mM-1 for the high concentrations range.
Human liver cell spheroids in extended perfusion bioreactor culture for repeated-dose drug testing (2011)

Perfusion bioreactor cultures of primary human hepatocyte spheroids maintain a liver-specific activity and architecture and are thus suitable for drug testing in a long-term, repeated-dose format.
Analysis of Semivolatile Organic Compounds in Atmospheric Aerosols by Direct Sample Introduction Thermal Desorption GC/MS (2001)

A technique for identifying trace amounts of semivolatile organic compounds in atmospheric aerosols and in the NIST Urban Dust standard (SRM1649a) is presented. The technique is based on direct sample introduction (DSI) of small samples followed by thermal desorption in a conventional GC injector. The method enables injection of both solid and liquid samples. Validation of the method, including quantitative determination of EPA-targeted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), as well as the reproducibility and recovery efficiency tests are presented. The advantages of using aluminum foil as sampling filter are also discussed. Determination of different classes of compounds such as quinolines, methylquinoline isomers, PAHs, and n-monocarboxylic acids in the ambient size-segregated aerosol sample is also performed. The method was directly applied to the determination of C6-C16 n-monocarboxylic acids, eliminating the need for a complex sample preparation procedure. The small quantities needed for the analysis as well as the lack of complicated sample preparation steps enable fast characterization of semivolatile organic species present in time-resolved or size-segregated aerosol samples. Thus, this method can potentially be employed for air quality monitoring and field measurements as well as for fast screening of the organic content of ambient particles.
Self-Assembly in Mixtures of an Anionic and a Cationic Surfactant: A Comparison between Small-Angle Neutron Scattering and Cryo-Transmission Electron Microscopy (2013)

The self-assembly in SOS-rich mixtures of the anionic surfactant sodium octyl sulfate (SOS) and the cationic surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) has been investigated with the complementary techniques small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and cryo-transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM). Both techniques confirm the simultaneous presence of open and closed bilayer structures in highly diluted samples as well as the existence of small globular and large elongated micelles at higher concentrations. However, the two techniques sometimes differ with respect to which type of aggregates is present in a particular sample. In particular, globular or wormlike micelles are sometimes observed with cryo-TEM in the vicinity of the micelle-to-bilayer transition, although only bilayers are present according to SANS and the samples appear bluish to the eye. A similar discrepancy has previously been reported but could not be satisfactorily rationalized. On the basis of our comparison between in situ (SANS) and ex situ (cryo-TEM) experimental techniques, we suggest that this discrepancy appears mainly as a result of the non-negligible amount of surfactant adsorbed at interfaces of the thin sample film created during the cryo-TEM specimen preparation. Moreover, from our detailed SANS data analysis, we are able to observe the unusually high amount of free surfactant monomers present in SOS-rich mixtures of SOS and CTAB, and the experimental results give excellent agreement with model calculations based on the Poisson-Boltzmann mean field theory. Our careful comparison between model calculations and experiments has enabled us to rationalize the dramatic microstructural transformations frequently observed upon simply diluting mixtures of an anionic and a cationic surfactant.
Numerical Solutions of the Euler Equations for Steady Flow Problems (1992)

The last decade has seen a dramatic increase of our abilities to solve numerically the governing equations of fluid mechanics. In design aerodynamics the classical potential-flow methods have been com
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Angularly Fused Benzocyclobutenedione Monoketals: Useful Synthetic Intermediates to Angucyclines. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Multi-channel Bragg gratings based on nonuniform amplitude-only sampling (2008)

A novel technique to implement a Bragg grating with multi-channel and high channel-count response based on nonuniform amplitude-only sampling is proposed. Thanks to the nonuniform sampling, a sophisticated phase modulation for the generation of multi-channel spectral response can be equivalently achieved, while the pitch of the Bragg grating is maintained uniform. The principle is presented. Two design examples with two Bragg gratings for multi-channel filtering and for multi-channel chromatic dispersion compensation are provided.
Au-TiO<sub>2</sub>Nanocomposites and Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production under UV-Visible and Visible Light Illuminations: A Comparison of Different Crystalline Forms of TiO<sub>2</sub> (2013)

nanocomposites were prepared by the solvated metal atom dispersion (SMAD) method, and the as-prepared samples were characterized by diffuse reflectance UV-visible spectroscopy, powder XRD, BET surface analysis measurements, and transmission electron microscopy bright field imaging. The particle size of the embedded Au nanoparticles ranged from 1 to 10 nm. These Au/TiO2 nanocomposites were used for photocatalytic hydrogen production in the presence of a sacrificial electron donor like ethanol or methanol under UV-visible and visible light illumination. These nanocomposites showed very good photocatalytic activity toward hydrogen production under UV-visible conditions, whereas under visible light illumination, there was considerably less hydrogen produced. Au/P25 gave a hydrogen evolution rate of 1600 μmol/h in the presence of ethanol (5 volume %) under UV-visible illumination. In the case of Au/TiO2 prepared by the SMAD method, the presence of Au nanoparticles serves two purposes: as an electron sink gathering electrons from the conduction band (CB) of TiO2 and as a reactive site for water/ethanol reduction to generate hydrogen gas. We also observed hydrogen production by water splitting in the absence of a sacrificial electron donor using Au/TiO2 nanocomposites under UV-visible illumination.
Reaction of Methanesulfonic Anhydride with Hydrogen Halides<sup>1</sup> (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReaction of Methanesulfonic Anhydride with Hydrogen Halides1Lamar Field and Paul H. SettlageCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 1, 170–171Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01606a053https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01606a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views171Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effects of metal-organic framework properties on CO2/H2 separation performance for pre-combustion CO2 capture via pressure swing adsorption (2011)

Single-component CO2 and H2 adsorption isotherms are evaluated on avariety of metal-organic frameworks. Mixed-gas adsorption behavior is modeledusing ideal adsorbed solution theory. The high surface areas obtainable inmetal-organic frameworks lead to remarkable CO2 capacity. Coordinatively unsaturated metal centers embedded in the pores of metal-organicframeworks are associated with strong selectivity for CO2 over H2.
Implicación del mensajero secundario c-di-GMP en la virulencia de Salmonella Enteritidis (2014)

Trabajo presentado en la X Reunión de Microbiología Molecular, celebrada en Segovia del 9 al 11 de junio de 2014.
ChemInform Abstract: Effect of Some Quinolizidine Derivatives on the Release of Serotonin, Noradrenaline, Dopamine, and Acetylcholine from Rat Brain Synaptosomes. (1990)

Abstract The biological activities of eleven literature‐known quinolizidines such as (I) are studied.
DIALYSIS AND RENAL TRANSPLANTATION OF CHILDREN IN EUROPE, 1974 (1976)

ABSTRACT. About a third of all children with end‐stage renal failure in Europe were accepted for treatment by regular dialysis or transplantation during 1974. The number of specialised paediatric dialysis centres increased. The number of renal transplants also increased, but fewer living donor grafts and retransplants were performed in 1974. The best survival was again observed on home dialysis. Patient survival after a cadaver graft improved. Children more than ten years old appeared to have a better survival on dialysis and a somewhat better graft function than younger patients. Rehabilitation was similar on home dialysis and after transplantation, but full school activity in ordinary school was reported in only 40% of all children on hospital dialysis. Children on haemodialysis tended to dialyse more frequently in 1974, than before, but for fewer hours per week. Hepatitis was still a problem and only a small reduction in the incidence was noted during 1974. Children on dialysis required more blood transfusions than adults. Body growth on haemodialysis was retarded to a similar degree on boys and in girls; 70 % of the haemodialysed and 63 % of the transplanted children had a growth velocity below the third percentile. Growth rate was noted to fall after the first year on dialysis.
The use of arthroscopy to document accurate position of core decompression of the hip (1998)

The use of hip arthroscopy is documented as a means of determining accurate placement for core decompression of the femoral head. The authors describe the technique whereby the patient is placed on the fracture table in the supine position and the guide wire for the core decompression is inserted into the middle of the infarct. The surgeon is assured of accurate placement within the center of the infarct.