gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Freeform mirror for illumination system of color-sequential LCOS pico projector (2014)

An efficient and uniform illumination system with a freeform mirror for a color-sequential LCOS pico projector based on LED is proposed in this paper. The novel homogenizer is composed of a micro lens array and a freeform mirror. A freeform mirror with XY polynomial profile is adopted for the reshaping of light pattern, the correction of keystone distortion and the folding mirror for the reduction of volume. Typically, the design of micro lens array, the aspect ratio of the lenslet is corresponding with that of the panel. However, the crosstalk phenomenon occurs due to each lenslet with different collecting angle in horizontal and vertical direction, especially when the aspect ratio of the panel in our study is 16:9. The crosstalk phenomenon not only reduces efficiency but also generates stray light on the panel. Therefore, we use a micro lens array with square lenslet to eliminate it. Subsequently, the square light pattern on the panel needs to be reshaped to fit the aspect ratio of the panel. A cylindrical mirror with a fixed power is used to compress the light pattern first. However, for the requirement of different focal distances from the cylindrical mirror to the panel on entire surface, it generates severe keystone distortion. A freeform mirror with progressive power variation is employed for the correction of keystone distortion with high overfilled efficiency and the reshaping of the light pattern fitting the ratio of the panel. In the results of optical simulation, JBMA uniformity on the panel is 98 % and the coupling efficiency from LED to the plane of the panel is 85 %. Furthermore, the alignment tolerance of the freeform mirror has also been discussed. Finally, the freeform mirror is fabricated by ultra-precision diamond milling process. The form accuracy and surface roughness of the freeform mirror are less than 0.5 um and 5 nm, respectively.
Alfa-antitrypsin increase in lung cancer. (1976)

The Authors controlled the content of A1AT in the sera of 100 patients with L.Ca. As controls there were examined: 20 cases of metastatic neoplasm of the lung, 5 cases of systemic sarcomatosis, 10 cases of acute bacterial bronchopneumonia, 4 cases of bronchiectasis and emphysema. Moreover, the levels of A1AT was studied in 15 pl.fl., neoplastic and not, in comparison with the levels of the sera. None of the controls demonstrated an increase in A1AT, excepting the cases of acute bronchopneumonia, in which the levels were very high but only for a few days. The results indicate that in more than 90% of the L.Ca. the level of the A1AT is significantly higher than in the sera of the controls, with possible variations during the disease. There is a clear trend towards increase parallel with the worsening of the condition of the patients. A course of chemotherapy may bring down the levels, proportionally to the length and intensity of the treatment. After discontinuance, the level increases again more or less quickly, reaching the previous values.
Hollow Avowals of Human Rights Protection - Time for an Australian Federal Bill of Rights? (2008)

<p>Unlike the constitutions of many nations, such as the United States of America and the Republic of South Africa, the constitutions of the Australian States and Territories and the Commonwealth Constitution Act 1901 (UK) contain no bill of rights. Australia is the only western democracy without a federal bill of rights. The debate regarding the need for a bill of rights necessitates an understanding of what human rights the people of Australia already enjoy. If sufficient protection can be found in existing sources, does Australia really need a federal bill of rights? Opponents of a bill of rights state that we have sufficient protection from arbitrary government intervention in our personal affairs and thus a bill of rights is<br />unnecessary. There are a number of potential sources of human rights in Australia that might provide the suggested existing protection, including the common law, specific domestic legislation, international law and constitutional law. Each of these sources of human rights has, however,<br />important limitations. The focus of this article is on the inadequacy of the Australian constitutions as a source of purported protection. This in turn suggests that an alternative source of rights is needed – a federal bill of rights? In the course of this analysis the author makes suggestions for<br />reform; specifically how a federal bill of rights may address the paucity of constitutional protection.</p>
WATER RECOVERY FROM FUEL CELLS AND LUNAR MINERALS (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTWATER RECOVERY FROM FUEL CELLS AND LUNAR MINERALSFrank J. HendelCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1964, 56, 3, 29–31Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50651a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50651a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views43Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
A complexomic study of <b><i>Escherichia coli</i></b> using two‐dimensional blue native/SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2006)

Study of the complexome - all the protein complexes of the cell - is essential for a better understanding and more global vision of cell function. Using two-dimensional blue native/SDS-PAGE (2-D BN/SDS-PAGE) technology, the cytosolic and membrane protein complexes of Escherichia coli were separated. Then, the different partners of each protein complex were identified by LC-MS/MS. In this report, 306 protein complexes were separated and identified. Among these protein complexes, 50 heteromultimeric and 256 homomultimeric protein complexes were found. Among the 50 heteromultimeric protein complexes, 18 previously described protein complexes validate the technology. In this study, 109 new protein complexes were found, providing insight into the function of previously uncharacterized bacterial proteins.
Motion and vision II Stabilized spatio-temporal threshold surface (1979)

The stabilized contrast-sensitivity function measured at a constant retinal velocity is tuned to a particular spatial frequency, which is inversely related to the velocity chosen. The Fourier transforms of these constant-velocity passbands have the same form as retinal receptive fields of various sizes. At low velocities, in the range of the natural drift motions of the eye, the stabilized contrast-sensitivity function matches the normal, unstablized result. At higher velocities (corresponding to motions of objects in the environment), this curve maintains the same shape but shifts toward lower spatial frequencies. The constant-velocity passband is displaced across the spatio-temporal frequency domain in a manner that is almost symmetric about the constant-velocity plane at v = 2 deg/s. Interpolating these diagonal profiles by a suitable analytic expression, we construct the spatio-temporal threshold surface for stabilized vision, and display its properties in terms of the usual frequency parameters; e.g., at low spatial frequencies, the temporal response becomes nearly independent of spatial frequency, while at low temporal frequencies, the spatial response becomes independent of temporal frequency.
Vascular Endothelial-Cadherin Regulates Cytoskeletal Tension, Cell Spreading, and Focal Adhesions by Stimulating RhoA (2004)

Changes in vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion and integrin-mediated cell-matrix adhesion coordinate to affect the physical and mechanical rearrangements of the endothelium, although the mechanisms for such cross talk remain undefined. Herein, we describe the regulation of focal adhesion formation and cytoskeletal tension by intercellular VE-cadherin engagement, and the molecular mechanism by which this occurs. Increasing the density of endothelial cells to increase cell-cell contact decreased focal adhesions by decreasing cell spreading. This contact inhibition of cell spreading was blocked by disrupting VE-cadherin engagement with an adenovirus encoding dominant negative VE-cadherin. When changes in cell spreading were prevented by culturing cells on a micropatterned substrate, VE-cadherin-mediated cell-cell contact paradoxically increased focal adhesion formation. We show that VE-cadherin engagement mediates each of these effects by inducing both a transient and sustained activation of RhoA. Both the increase and decrease in cell-matrix adhesion were blocked by disrupting intracellular tension and signaling through the Rho-ROCK pathway. In all, these findings demonstrate that VE-cadherin signals through RhoA and the actin cytoskeleton to cross talk with cell-matrix adhesion and thereby define a novel pathway by which cell-cell contact alters the global mechanical and functional state of cells.
Optical oxygen sensing properties of mesoporous SBA-15 with a covalently grafted ruthenium(II) complex (2007)

Novel oxygen sensing materials consisted of [Ru (Phen)3]2+ portion covalently grafted to the functionalized mesoporous SBA-15 backbones are prepared by co-condensation of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and the functionalized Ru(II) complex [Ru(Phen)2Phen-Si]2+ in the presence of Pluronic P123 surfactant as a template. The obtained oxygen sensing materials are characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and luminescence intensity quenching Stern-Volmer curves. The Demas and Lehrer models are used to fit the obtained nonlinear Stern-Volmer curves. The functionalized mesoporous sensing materials appear to be highly sensitive to the O2 concentration in N2. The results show that the covalently-grafted sample shows reversible signals and higher photochemical stability since these Ru(II) molecules are strongly covalently-grafted to the Si-O network via the CH2-Si bonds.
Brain systems for encoding and retrieval of auditory—verbal memory. An <i>in vivo</i> study in humans (1995)

Long-term auditory-verbal memory comprises, at a neuropsychological level, a number of distinct cognitive processes. In the present study we determined the brain systems engaged during encoding (experiment 1) and retrieval (experiment 2) of episodic auditory-verbal material. In the separate experiments, PET measurements of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), an index of neural activity, were performed in normal volunteers during either the encoding or the retrieval of paired word associates. In experiment 1, a dual task interference paradigm was used to isolate areas involved in episodic encoding from those which would be concurrently activated by other cognitive processes associated with the presentation of paired associates, notably priming. In experiment 2, we used the cued retrieval of paired associates from episodic or from semantic memory in order to isolate the neural correlates of episodic memories. Encoding of episodic memory was associated with activation of the left prefrontal cortex and the retrosplenial area of the cingulate cortex, while retrieval from episodic memory was associated with activation of the precuneus bilaterally and of the right prefrontal cortex. These results are compatible with the patterns of activation reported in a previous PET memory experiment in which encoding and retrieval were studied concurrently. They also indicate that separate brain systems are engaged during the encoding and retrieval phases of episodic auditory-verbal memory. Retrieval from episodic memory engages a different, but overlapping, system to that engaged by retrieval from semantic memory, a finding that lends functional anatomical support to this neuropsychological distinction.
Monomeric and dimeric phenolic acids released from cell walls of grasses by sequential treatment with sodium hydroxide (1991)

Abstract Cell walls of tall fescue Festuca arundinacea Schreb and coastal bermudagrass Cynodon dactylon L Pers were treated sequentially with increasing concentrations of sodium hydroxide (0·1 M to 10 M) to release monomeric and dimeric phenolic acids. (E)‐p‐Coumaric and (E)‐ferulic acids were the major monomers released. Most of the saponifiable feruloyl groups (97% for tall fescue, 89% for coastal bermudagrass) were released with 0·1 M sodium hydroxide. Much lower proportions of saponifiable p‐coumaroyl groups (67% for tall fescue, 46% for coastal bermudagrass) were released with this treatment. The major dimers from both grasses were 4,4′‐dihydroxy‐α‐truxillic, 4,4′‐dihydroxy‐3‐methoxy‐α‐truxillic, and 4,4′‐dihydroxy‐3,3′‐dimethoxy‐α‐truxillic acids, and were mainly released with 0·1 M sodium hydroxide. Similar proportions of the monomers and dimers were released from the cell walls of each grass with the 0·1 M and 1 M sodium hydroxide sequential treatments. It is probable that most if not all of the monomers and dimers released by the sequential alkali treatments were originally ester linked to the cell walls. If it is assumed that the cell wall bound dimers are formed photochemically from p ‐coumaroyl and feruloyl groups during plant growth, it is calculated that, for the two grasses, between 12 and 17% of the monomer units were converted to dimers.
A Scheduling Framework for a Heterogeneous Parallel Architecture (2011)

Scheduling on heterogeneous parallel and distributed computing environment has been studied for decades.Based on different assumptions, researchers have proposed several algorithms and heuristics aiming to improve the performance of parallel applications.Most of these works focus on clusters of CPUs or grid-based environments where heterogeneity is created by processors and networks of varying speeds.However, in recent years, there has been wide spread use of another type of heterogeneous parallel computing environment, even on regular PCs and workstations, which comprise of multi-core CPUs and many-core GPGPUs (General Purpose Graphic Processor Units).Heterogeneity in this new generation of computers is even more pronounced due to the significant differences in architectures and programming models between CPUs and GPGPUs.The scheduling problem on a heterogeneous environment is known to be NP-Complete.Consequently, this research proposes several approximate strategies to solve this problem on a heterogeneous CPU-GPGPU environment.As a focus of this research, the strategies utilize the structural and behavioral characteristics of patterns in parallel programming to facilitate scheduling decisions.The parallel pattern extensively studied in this research is the farm pattern, which is used in a wide range of parallel applications.For the purposes of scheduling, the farm pattern is further classified into several categories and subsequently scheduling strategies for each of these categories are proposed.The similar strategies can be employed for the scheduling of some other
Incidence of Crohn's Disease in Four Counties in Southeastern Norway, 1990–93 A Prospective Population-Based Study (1996)

This study confirms the high incidence figures for Scandinavia, with a particularly high incidence in mixed rural-urban areas. Ileocolonoscopy improves the accuracy of the diagnosis and of the determination of disease extent, which may have therapeutic implications for the treatment and follow-up of patients.
Broadband Circularly Polarized Cavity-Backed Slot Antenna Array With Four Linearly Polarized Disks Located in a Single Circular Slot (2012)

A novel cavity-backed slot antenna array with broadband circularly polarized (CP) property is presented in this letter. A corporate feed network composed of three Wilkinson power dividers is applied to sequentially rotated feed four linearly polarized disks that are located in a cavity-backed circular slot. The measured 3-dB axial-ratio (AR) bandwidth of the array is 54.5%, and the 10-dB return loss bandwidth is 92.1%. The 3-dB gain bandwidth is about 50.8% with the peak gain 9.9 dBic.
FPGA Hardware Acceleration of Monte Carlo Simulations for the Ising Model (2015)

A two-dimensional Ising model with nearest-neighbors ferromagnetic interactions is implemented in a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) board. Extensive Monte Carlo simulations were carried out using an efficient hardware representation of individual spins and a combined global-local LFSR random number generator. Consistent results regarding the descriptive properties of magnetic systems, like energy, magnetization and susceptibility are obtained while a speed-up factor of approximately six times is achieved in comparison to previous FPGA-based published works and almost <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10^4$</tex-math></inline-formula> times in comparison to a standard CPU simulation. A detailed description of the logic design used is given together with a careful analysis of the quality of the random number generator used. The obtained results confirm the potential of FPGAs for analyzing the statistical mechanics of magnetic systems.
Dynamic Weakening by Acoustic Fluidization during Stick-Slip Motion (2015)

The unexpected weakness of some faults has been attributed to the emergence of acoustic waves that promote failure by reducing the confining pressure through a mechanism known as acoustic fluidization, also proposed to explain earthquake remote triggering. Here we validate this mechanism via the numerical investigation of a granular fault model system. We find that the stick-slip dynamics is affected only by perturbations applied at a characteristic frequency corresponding to oscillations normal to the fault, leading to gradual dynamical weakening as failure is approaching. Acoustic waves at the same frequency spontaneously emerge at the onset of failure in the absence of perturbations, supporting the relevance of acoustic fluidization in earthquake triggering.
Biosensors: clinical requirements and scientific promise (1987)

Biosensors are currently very fashionable, even though they are not new! - an enzyme electrode being described almost 20 years ago by Updike and Hicks in 1967. The aim of this review is to put into perspective why biosensors are needed in clinical medicine and to describe some of the research that is being performed to develop such devices for, in particular, 'in vivo' applications.
NMR relaxation dispersion in an aqueous nitroxide system (1981)

NMR relaxation rate measurements are reported for protons in aqueous nitroxide solutions over the frequency range from 0.01 to 20 MHz. A complete relaxation dispersion curve is observed that is analyzed in terms of dynamical models for the interaction between the solvent and solute. Both translational and rotational motions contribute to the relaxation behavior, although the translational contribution is dominant. Dipole–dipole interactions are sufficient to account for the data over this frequency range. At 298 K translational motions account for 75% for the relaxation, and are characterized in the present analysis by correlation time of 73 ps and 2.5 Å as the distance of closest approach. The small rotational term requires a 22 ps correlation time and an interdipole separation of 2.1 Å.
Diode Lasers for Displays (2006)

Efficient, frequency doubled surface emitting GaInAs based diode lasers and laser arrays operating in the red, blue and green have been developed and used for large and small format projection displays
Collaborative Design Processes for Authentic Preservice Music Teacher Observations (2010)

The purpose of this action research study was to transform the classroom culture from one of observation viewed as obligation to observation viewed as a powerful learning tool. At two universities, preservice music teachers collaborated to create teaching observation instruments. Through class discussions, investigation, and creation of teaching observation formats, rating scales, and categories for evaluation, including musical teaching skills, an environment was created in which the preservice teachers became an integral part of the observation process. Analysis of instructor journals, class assignments, and interviews with supervising teachers and preservice teachers showed that students at both sites expressed increased enthusiasm and commitment to the observation process and greater insight into evaluating teaching. Findings from this study indicate that involving preservice music teachers in a collaborative environment can increase their appreciation for the observation process.
Malaysia: racing round the hurdles. (2004)

Anyone who visited Malaysia in the 1980s and who turned on the television set in their hotel room was likely to see more tobacco promotion than they had ever seen before in a half hour of channel hopping. If they were there on public health business, they had an additional shock when they learned that the country had banned tobacco advertising on television. Ministry of health officials would announce this with sincerity, though some of them would admit that there were problems of circumvention. Did these stem from cross border television, which can be so troublesome to a tobacco control leader with less enlightened neighbours? No, the ads were on Malaysian TV, but were not for cigarettes at all, but for those well known but impossible to obtain products such as Marlboro and Kent holidays, or Camel clothing. In those days, no tobacco control advocate’s conference presentation was complete without slides or video clips showing how tobacco companies were exploiting Malaysia and its innocent government.

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Saturation tobacco promotion was very much in evidence at the recent Formula One motor race in Malaysia.

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USA: Life or Death playing Cards in California, USA produces health promotion playing cards containing health messages targeted at young people. Each of the cards features a different cartoon character alongside a reason not to smoke, or take drugs—Life Playing Cards and Death Cigarette Playing Cards deal with smoking, and Drugs …

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