gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Specific Treatment Exists for SARS-CoV-2 ARDS (2021)

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), seems to be difficult to overcome. A pandemic of such a scale has not been seen since the 1918 influenza pandemic. Although the predominant clinical presentation is respiratory disease, neurological manifestations and sequelae are increasingly being recognized. We observed a case series of rapid recovery of ARDS within 24 h in the preliminary clinical features of COVID-19 ARDS-associated neurological disease. It was also noted that by 15 April, 2021, there was no SARS-CoV-2 ARDS on Sorok Island in South Korea, where lepers had been living together. We compared each of dapsone's effects on humans and considered those of SARS-CoV-2. Dapsone showed different effects in the brain. The Sorokdo National Hospital reported a relationship between dapsone and the neuroinflammasome of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in Sorok Island from January 2005 to June 2020. AD prevalence was low in the leprosy patient group who took dapsone regularly. The preliminary cross-sectional study of the trial group (22 subjects) and the control group (22 subjects) in the Hunt Regional Hospital reported the following results: The chi-square statistic is 5.1836. The p-value is 0.022801. The result is considered significant at <i>p</i> < 0.05. The results from the medical treatment from 21 December to 29 December 2020 were considered. The mortality rates at the ARDS onset stage were 0% with dapsone administered as a standard COVID-19 treatment and 40% without dapsone administered as a standard COVID-19 treatment, respectively. Based on the respiratory failure and sudden high death rate originating from the involvement of the brainstem, especially the pre-Bötzinger complex, dapsone can be used to significantly reduce the incidence of the cases of acute respiratory distress syndrome and other illnesses caused by SARS-CoV-2.
A Software Architecture For Collaborative Virtual Prototyping (1997)

Prototype design and testing is an indispensable stage of any project development in many fields of activity, such as aeronautical, spatial, automotive industries or architecture. Scientists and engineers rely on prototyping for a visual confirmation and validation of both their ideas and concepts. This paper describes the collaborative and distributed aspects of PROVIS, a system for prototyping virtual systems. The main goal of our work is to allow designers to replace physical mock-ups by virtual ones in order to test the integration and space requirements of the model components. To this end, PROVIS combines a &quot;desktop VR&quot; interface with an interactive 3D display. While discussing both PROVIS software and hardware distributed architectures, the paper describes how to implement a complete computer system which allows users to collaboratively build and interact with virtual models while testing maintenance procedures and component accessibility.
Enhanced oral absorption of pemetrexed by ion-pairing complex formation with deoxycholic acid derivative and multiple nanoemulsion formulations: preparation, characterization, and in vivo oral bioavailability and anticancer effect (2018)

These results imply that HP-beta-CD/PMX/DCK/P188-NE is an effective and promising delivery system for enhancing the oral absorption of PMX. Thus, there is the potential for new medical applications, including applications in metronomic cancer treatment.
Diagnostics of the early phase of an ultraviolet laser induced plasma by spectral line analysis considering self-absorption (1998)

We have performed time- and space- resolved plasma diagnostics during ultraviolet excimer laser ablation of a Ti target in a low pressure N2 atmosphere. Spectral lines emitted from metal vapor ions in the early plasma phase (t⩽200 ns) have been analyzed and compared to line profiles computed for a plasma in a local thermodynamic equilibrium.
Impact of Local-Oscillator Imperfections on Nonregenerative TDD and FDD Relaying (2010)

In this work we investigate the impact of imperfect local oscillators (LOs) at the relays in nonregenerative two-hop networks. Due to the specific traffic pattern of multihop networks, hardware imperfections at the relays have a different impact on the system than hardware imperfections at the sources and destinations. Based on the assumption that one LO generates all oscillations in each node, we consider baseband sampling time as well as sampling frequency offsets, RF frequency and phase offsets, timing errors, and phase noise. In the presence of these imperfections, time division duplex (TDD) and frequency division duplex (FDD) relays introduce errors to their forwarded signals. We identify these errors for both types of relays and use Monte-Carlo simulations to compare the performance of a multiuser network employing either TDD or FDD relays with imperfect LOs.
<i>In vivo</i> metabolic fate of [<sup>14</sup>C]‐acetamiprid in six biological compartments of the honeybee, <i>Apis mellifera</i> L (2005)

The in vivo metabolism of acetamiprid was studied in the honeybee, Apis mellifera L. The distribution of acetamiprid and its metabolites was monitored over a 72-h period in six biological compartments: head, thorax, abdomen, haemolymph, midgut and rectum. Honeybees were treated orally with 100 microg [14C]-acetamiprid kg(-1) bee, a dose which is about 1500 times lower than the median lethal dose. After 72 h, only 40% of the total radioactivity was eliminated, suggesting that acetamiprid and its metabolites tended to persist in the honeybee. Acetamiprid was rapidly distributed in all compartments and metabolized. Just after administration, radioactivity was mainly localized in the abdomen and subsequently in the rectum. After 72 h, the maximum amount of radioactivity (about 20% of the ingested dose) was detected again in the abdomen, whereas the lowest level of total radioactivity was detected in the haemolymph. Radioactivity in the head did not exceed 7.6% of total ingested radioactivity. More than 50% of acetamiprid was metabolised in less than 30 min, indicating a very short half-life for the compound. During the first hours, acetamiprid was mainly detected in nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-rich tissues: abdomen, thorax and head. Of the seven metabolites detected, the major ones were 6-choronicotinic acid and an unknown metabolite called U1, which was present mainly in the rectum, the thorax and the head. Our results indicate that the low toxicity of acetamiprid may reflect its rapid metabolism.
Erlotinib and Gefitinib, Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Kinase Inhibitors, May Treat Non-Cancer-Related Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Mediated Inflammatory Diseases (2013)

Kinase inhibitors that enter clinical use as treatments for cancer may have off-target effects, making them efficacious in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Case reports are presented on the potential of erlotinib and gefitinib for treating psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and other nonautoimmune inflammatory disorders.
Control of Hemorrhage During Renal Failure with Triglycyl-Lysine-Vasopressin (1993)

A 35-year-old man with chronic renal failure developed toxic epidermal necrolysis due to combination antibiotic therapy for a community acquired pneumonia. During wound care for his toxic epidermal necrolysis, he developed massive bleeding, a 4 to 6 unit blood loss at each dressing change, due to uremia-associated platelet dysfunction and thrombocytopenia. After failure of standard therapy, the man was treated with intravenous triglycyl-lysine-vasopressin, a selective peripheral vasoconstrictor. Transfusion requirements stopped during treatment. This man went on to full recovery with complete wound healing. Triglycyl-lysine-vasopressin effectively reduced skin blood loss in this man with toxic epidermal necrolysis and an intrinsic hemostatic defect, and may be useful in other patients with cutaneous blood loss.
Titin is an extraordinarily long, flexible, and slender myofibrillar protein. (1984)

" Titin " is a term used to describe a pair of closely related megadalton polypeptides that together are the third most abundant myofibrillar protein in a wide range of striated muscles. It has been proposed that titin and another giant protein, nebulin , are the major components of an elastic cytoskeletal lattice within the sarcomere. We have now purified the leading band, titin -2 (T2), of the titin doublet in native forms by extraction with Guba -Straub solution followed by chromatography. Electron microscopy of low-angle-shadowed and negatively stained specimens revealed that T2 chains self-assembled into extremely long (from 0.1 micron to over 1.0 micron), flexible, and extensible slender strands (4-5 nm in diameter) with axial periodicity. Furthermore, these strands tended to associate to form filamentous bundles and meshworks. Thus, titin appears to be ideally suited as a component of an elastic lattice that serves as an organizing scaffold or template for thick and thin filaments.
Infrared Spectroscopic Identification of Chosen Dental Materials and Natural Teeth (2008)

Studies using solid phase infrared spectroscopy in the range of 400 to 4000 wave numbers were conducted in order to quickly identify solid tooth fragments and differentiate them from dental materials used in the dental practice. The frequently employed dental materials were evaluated. Natural chemical structure of permanent teeth obtained from donors of various ages provided the reference material. The infrared vibrations detected in infrared transmission spectra depended on the chemical structure of examined compound. Comparable distinctive peaks in infrared spectra of natural teeth and inorganic dental materials (porcelain) were exhibited. Analogous infrared spectra of dental materials consisting of organic matrix with inorganic fillers were found. In the case of acrylic materials specific organic groups were enhanced. The prepared database of infrared transmission spectra included 23 dental materials, facilitating their appropriate identification. Application of infrared spectroscopy allowed for a quick differential identification of typical dental materials produced from organic compounds for inorganic restorations (porcelain) and of tooth structure-resembling hydroxyapatite and its contaminate forms with fluoride and carbonate ions.
Deep Classification Network for Monocular Depth Estimation (2019)

Monocular Depth Estimation is usually treated as a supervised and regression problem when it actually is very similar to semantic segmentation task since they both are fundamentally pixel-level classification tasks. We applied depth increments that increases with depth in discretizing depth values and then applied Deeplab v2 and the result was higher accuracy. We were able to achieve a state-of-the-art result on the KITTI dataset and outperformed existing architecture by an 8% margin.
Muscarinic and nicotinic contributions to cognitive function and cortical blood flow (1992)

Muscarinic receptor blockade in humans induces a transient memory deficit claimed to mimic aspects of Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD is also strongly associated with a specific blood flow abnormality in parietotemporal cortex; we previously showed that, despite induction of a dementia-like state, scopolamine does not produce these blood flow changes. In the present study, we administered both muscarinic and nicotinic receptor blockade (using scopolamine and mecamylamine) to seven elderly healthy subjects and measured subsequent changes in cognition and cortical perfusion, using the 133Xe inhalation method to quantify regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF). Results confirmed earlier findings of scopolamine-induced memory deficit and frontal cortex flow reduction. Only mecamylamine, however, produced a perfusion deficit in parietotemporal cortex. All effects were transient and dose-dependent. These findings demonstrate the safety and feasibility of differential and combined blockade of nicotinic and muscarinic cholinergic blockade in human subjects. Furthermore, the nicotinic antagonist mecamylamine yields rCBF changes similar to those seen in AD, despite producing only minimal cognitive effects on its own. The rCBF and behavioral manifestations in AD may therefore reflect the functional loss of nicotinic receptors in addition to alterations in other receptor systems.
A forming-free WO<inf>x</inf> resistive memory using a novel self-aligned field enhancement feature with excellent reliability and scalability (2010)

A thorough study of the switching mechanism for WO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">X</sub> ReRAM gives clues about how to improve its performance and reliability. Consequently, a 60 nm WO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">X</sub> ReRAM is achieved with excellent characteristics - 50ns fast switching, 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sup> cycling endurance, large MLC window, low read disturb of >; 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">9</sup> , and excellent 150°C/2,000Hrs data retention. Furthermore, the oxidation of the TiN barrier into an insulating TiNO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">X</sub> causes the WO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">X</sub> to protrude above the remaining TiN and thus creates field enhancement. The boosted electric field eliminates the need for an initial forming step.
Measuring Impedance in Congestive Heart Failure (2017)

The hospitalization of patients with Heart Failure represents an increasing burden for the healthcare system with more than 23 million worldwide suffering from this disease. In this paper we explore methods to detect fluid retention in the lungs by measuring the thoracic impedance, so that is possible to monitor Heart Failure patients, and physicians can early detect acute episodes. A small and portable device was developed to measure the thoracic impedance of the patient. From the measured thoracic impedance it can estimate the accumulation of fluid in the lungs. This device is a low cost, friendly to use equipment that can be operated by a big range of users: Moreover, it was designed for low power consumption with a rechargeable battery for portable use. The device empowers the patient to monitor his own body fluid at home, and a physician can follow him remotely. This procedure would help to drastically reduce the number of hospitalizations and, consequently, improve the quality of life of people diagnosed with Heart Failure.
Recommendation Rule Extraction by a Neuro-Fuzzy Approach (2008)

Recommender systems attempt to predict the needs of Web users and provide them with recommendations to personalize their online experience. In this paper, we propose a neuro-fuzzy approach for the extraction of a recommendation model from usage data encoding user navigational behaviors. Such model is expressed as a set of fuzzy rules which may be exploited to provide personalized link suggestions to the users visiting a Web site. In particular, a neuro-fuzzy network is trained using information about user categories to discover a set of fuzzy rules capturing the associations between user behavior models and relevance degrees of pages to be recommended. A comparison with other recommendation approaches shows the effectiveness of the proposed neuro-fuzzy approach in finding good recommendation rules.
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever: Clinical, Laboratory, and Epidemiological Features of 262 Cases (1984)

Most previous reports of Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) have included cases either not laboratory confirmed or confirmed by relatively weak diagnostic criteria. In the present study detailed epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory features of 262 confirmed or highly probable cases of RMSF reported from six states from 1977 to 1980 were analyzed. This analysis revealed that early clinical diagnosis of RMSF is difficult because the illness may have a gradual or an abrupt onset, the symptoms and signs may be unusual in timing or frequency, and the clinical appearance may vary depending on such factors as age and location of residence. RMSF was diagnosed later in those who died than in survivors, primarily because of atypical initial symptoms and the late onset of rash. RMSF should be considered in any individual who, during the spring and summer, has been in RMSF-endemic areas and develops a fever, regardless of the absence of rash or history of tick exposure.
Spectral Study of NO2 Fluorescence Excited by 11 Lines of Argon and Krypton Ion Lasers (1969)

High-resolution spectra of the fluorescence of NO2 excited by 11 Ar+ and Kr+ laser lines between 4579 and 5208 Å, have been obtained at NO2 pressures from 10−3–10 torr. Rotational lines as well as vibrational bands are observed superimposed on a continuum extending from the exciting line to the observation limit of 7500 Å. Vibrational assignments of the fluorescent bands have been made, and vibrational constants of the gound electronic state have been determined. The pressure dependence of absorption coefficients of NO2 at the laser wavelengths also was measured; an excited-state lifetime near 10−5 sec was estimated from these absorption coefficients. In addition, the lifetime of excited NO2 was measured to be 5 × 1015 sec from the observation of the increase in visual size of the fluorescence beam at low pressure. Preliminary values of σ2τ (square of collision diameter times lifetime) of the fluorescence excited by the 4880-Å line were measured to be approximately 7 × 10−20 cm2·sec for line emission and 0.5 × 10−20 cm2·sec for the integrated continuum emission, respectively; this difference is attributed to the difference in rates of rotation–vibration collisional transfer and electronic quenching.
Relationship between Yeast Polyribosomes and Upf Proteins Required for Nonsense mRNA Decay (1997)

In yeast, the accelerated rate of decay of nonsense mutant mRNAs, called nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, requires three proteins, Upf1p, Upf2p, and Upf3p. Single, double, and triple disruptions of the UPF genes had nearly identical effects on nonsense mRNA accumulation, suggesting that the encoded proteins function in a common pathway. We examined the distribution of epitope-tagged versions of Upf proteins by sucrose density gradient fractionation of soluble lysates and found that all three proteins co-distributed with 80 S ribosomal particles and polyribosomes. Treatment of lysates with RNase A caused a coincident collapse of polyribosomes and each Upf protein into fractions containing 80 S ribosomal particles, as expected for proteins that are associated with polyribosomes. Mutations in the cysteine-rich (zinc finger) and RNA helicase domains of Upf1p caused loss of function, but the mutant proteins remained polyribosome-associated. Density gradient profiles for Upf1p were unchanged in the absence of Upf3p, and although similar, were modestly shifted to fractions lighter than those containing polyribosomes in the absence of Upf2p. Upf2p shifted toward heavier polyribosome fractions in the absence of Upf1p and into fractions containing 80 S particles and lighter fractions in the absence of Upf3p. Our results suggest that the association of Upf2p with polyribosomes typically found in a wild-type strain depends on the presence and opposing effects of Upf1p and Upf3p.
A Lethal Dose of RNA (2013)

A new generation of genetically modified crops will kill insects by silencing their genes.
Microbial Degradation of Microcystins (2013)

Hepatotoxic microcystins that are produced by freshwater cyanobacteria pose a risk to public health. These compounds may be eliminated by enzymatic degradation. Here, we review the enzymatic pathways for the degradation of these hepatotoxins, some of which are newly discovered processes. The efficiencies of microcystin biodegradation pathways are documented in several papers and are compared here. Additionally, a comprehensive description of the microcystin enzymatic degradation scheme has been supplemented with a proposal for a new biodegradation pathway. Critical comments on less documented hypotheses are also included. The genetic aspects of biodegradation activity are discussed in detail. We also describe some methods that are useful for studying the biological decomposition of microcystins, including screening for microcystin degraders and detecting microcystin degradation products, with an emphasis on mass spectrometric methodology.
Error-trellises for convolutional codes .I. Construction (1998)

An error-trellis is a directed graph that represents all the sequences belonging to the coset which contains the symbol-by-symbol detected version of a given received sequence. A modular construction of error-trellises for an (n,k) convolutional code over GF(q) is presented. The trellis is designed on the basis of partitioning the scalar check matrix of the code into submatrices of l rows, accompanied with a corresponding segmentation of the syndrome. The value of the design parameter l is an essentially unconstrained multiple of n-k. For all the cosets of the code, the sections of the error-trellis are drawn from a collection of only q/sup l/ modules; the module for each section is determined by the value of the associated syndrome segment. In case the construction is based on a basic polynomial check matrix, either canonical or noncanonical, then the error-trellis is minimal in the sense that /spl sigma//spl les//spl mu/, where /spl sigma/ is the dimension of the state space of the trellis and /spl mu/ is the constraint length of a canonical generator matrix for the code. For basic check matrices with delay-free columns, the inequality reduces to /spl sigma/=/spl mu/.
Spatio-Temporal Issues in Infrastructure Lifecycle Management Systems (2005)

ABSTRACT: There is much information needed to manage the activities and events that occur throughout the lifecycle of an infrastructure system, such as a bridge, including construction and maintenance activities, inspection data, environmental effects, etc. Conventional infrastructure management systems provide only limited support for representing and visualizing the spatio-temporal relationships within this information. This paper discusses the spatio-temporal issues in infrastructure lifecycle management systems. We start by discussing the requirements for building these systems, such as the integration of information from all stages of the lifecycle, including design, construction, inspection and maintenance; the needs to exchange and share this information across disciplines using standard representation; data models and visualization requirements of 3D and 4D models; and the interaction requirements when using these systems. Then we propose to use an object-relational data model to represent the spatio-temporal data and to base this model on Industrial Foundation Classes (IFC) allowing multiple views of the model. We also discuss a prototype system developed in Java language to demonstrate the proposed approach using the data of Jacques Cartier Bridge in Montreal. Different data types are integrated to build the spatio-temporal model including CAD data, digital maps, and digital elevation models. The 3D bridge model is linked with different scales of space and time to record events throughout the lifecycle with suitable levels of details. A friendly user interface is designed to retrieve and display scheduling and inspection information directly on the 3D bridge model. 1.