gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
1950 Supplement to the Metal Cleaning Bibliographical Abstracts (1950)

This 1950 Supplement to the A.S.T.M. special technical publicatio No. 90 on “Metal Cleaning, Bibliographical Abstracts” is intended to bring up to date the coverage by this bibliography of the published data on metal cleaning. The 1949 edition of this publication covers the years 1893 to 1949 with the references being arranged by year, and secondarily by author, or by the journal in which the article appeared if anonymous. The same system has been followed in this supplement. Since it is planned to combine this supplement with the main bibliography when it is next printed, references falling within the dates of the 1949 edition have been assigned the same number as the reference in the 1949 edition that will precede them in the combined bibliography, with the addition of a letter of the alphabet (for example, 57A). In order to facilitate reference to the abstracts they have been thoroughly indexed in the following four ways: Subject Index Author Index Specification Index Patent Index
Incisional Negative Pressure Wound Therapy Significantly Reduces Surgical Site Infection in Open Colorectal Surgery (2013)

Incisional negative pressure wound therapy appears to reduce surgical site infection in open colorectal surgery. Further study may be helpful to identify patient populations who would have the greatest benefit from this technique(see Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/DCR/A115).
ECFS (2012)

Proposed is a secure and efficient approach for designing and implementing an enterprise-class cryptographic file system for Linux (ECFS) in kernel-space. It uses stackable file system interface to introduce a layer for encrypting files using symmetric keys, and public-key cryptography for user authentication and file sharing, like other existing enterprise-class cryptographic file systems. It differs itself from existing systems by including all public-key cryptographic operations and public-key infrastructure (PKI) support in kernel-space that protects it from attacks that may take place with a user-space PKI support. It has a narrower domain of trust than existing systems. It uses XTS mode of AES algorithm for file encryption for providing better protection and performance. It also uses kernel-keyring service for improving performance. It stores the cryptographic metadata in file’s access control list (ACL) as extended attributes to ease the task of file sharing. A secure protocol has also been designed and implemented to guard against various possible attacks, when its files are accessed remotely over an untrusted network.
Test of a Noninvasive Instrument for Measuring Hemoglobin Concentration (1989)

A colorimetric instrument for the noninvasive quantification of hemoglobin, designed using color shades resembling those observed in the conjunctiva, was tested. The instrument's colors are contrasted against the color of the conjunctiva to measure hemoglobin content. Sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and false-negative value were estimated to test the instrument's accuracy; kappa coefficients were used to estimate inter- and intraobserver variability. Physician field evaluations of conjunctiva color for the screening of anemia, reported in the literature, have had sensitivities and specificities as high as 70%. Readings with the instrument demonstrated a 63% sensitivity, 72% specificity, and 38% false negatives for screening hemoglobin values of less than or equal to 13 g/dl. The interobserver kappa coefficients for three pairs of readers were good to excellent for the same hemoglobin screening value. Statistically significant differences were noted, however, between observers during the reliability test. The instrument can be used by unskilled personnel to improve their decision-making about whom to send for further care or for supplementation with iron.
Hybrid forward resampling and volume rendering (2003)

The transforming and rendering of discrete objects, such as traditional images (with or without depths) and volumes, can be considered as resampling problem -- objects are reconstructed, transformed, filtered, and finally sampled on the screen grids. In resampling practices, discrete samples (pixels, voxels) can be considered either as infinitesimal sample points (simply called points) or samples of a certain size (splats). Resampling can also be done either forwards or backwards in either the source domain or the target domain. In this paper, we present a framework that features hybrid forward resampling for discrete rendering. Specifically, we apply this framework to enhance volumetric splatting. In this approach, minified voxels are taken simply as points filtered in screen space; while magnified voxels are taken as spherical splats. In addition, we develop two techniques for performing accurate and efficient perspective splatting. The first one is to efficiently compute the 2D elliptical geometry of perspectively projected splats; the second one is to achieve accurate perspective reconstruction filter. The results of our experiments demonstrate both the effectiveness of antialiasing and the efficiency of rendering using this approach.
Bench-to-bedside review: microvascular dysfunction in sepsis--hemodynamics, oxygen transport, and nitric oxide. (2003)

The microcirculation is a complex and integrated system that supplies and distributes oxygen throughout the tissues. The red blood cell (RBC) facilitates convective oxygen transport via co-operative binding with hemoglobin. In the microcirculation oxygen diffuses from the RBC into neighboring tissues, where it is consumed by mitochondria. Evidence suggests that the RBC acts as deliverer of oxygen and 'sensor' of local oxygen gradients. Within vascular beds RBCs are distributed actively by arteriolar tone and passively by rheologic factors, including vessel geometry and RBC deformability. Microvascular oxygen transport is determined by microvascular geometry, hemodynamics, and RBC hemoglobin oxygen saturation. Sepsis causes abnormal microvascular oxygen transport as significant numbers of capillaries stop flowing and the microcirculation fails to compensate for decreased functional capillary density. The resulting maldistribution of RBC flow results in a mismatch of oxygen delivery with oxygen demand that affects both critical oxygen delivery and oxygen extraction ratio. Nitric oxide (NO) maintains microvascular homeostasis by regulating arteriolar tone, RBC deformability, leukocyte and platelet adhesion to endothelial cells, and blood volume. NO also regulates mitochondrial respiration. During sepsis, NO over-production mediates systemic hypotension and microvascular reactivity, and is seemingly protective of microvascular blood flow.
Preclinical efficacy of the bioreductive alkylating agent RH1 against paediatric tumours (2009)

The demonstration of RH1 efficacy against paediatric tumour cell lines, which was performed concurrently with the adult Phase 1 Trial, suggests that this agent may have clinical usefulness in childhood cancer.
Implementation of a software configuration environment (2002)

This paper demonstrates the techniques used and experiences gained while implementing a new system development process. The objective of the new process was to structure the system development environment to reflect standard software life cycle management methodologies, so that the reliability of the product can be increased while reducing management costs. Although a need to change the software process was felt for a while, the involvement with the development of IEEE software engineering standards provided the additional momentum to initiate the change. Throughout the change process, these standards were used effectively as selling tools to management as well as planning and training guides. The transition was made from the existing software development environment structured around the software features to one structured around the life cycle process and management of changes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Species-Specific In Situ Hybridization With Fluorochrome-Labeled DNA Probes to Study Vascularization of Human Skin Grafts on Athymic Mice (1996)

The skin replacements presently used for wound coverage vascularize less well than do autologous split-thickness skin grafts. Understanding how autologous grafts vascularize can lead to methods to improve skin-replacement vascularization. Fresh human skin was grafted on athymic mice. Endothelial cells were stained by immunohistochemistry. Human and mouse cells were distinguished by in situ hybridization with fluorescent species-specific DNA probes. The number of mouse and human endothelial cells in the graft were counted. Initial vascularization of the graft is limited solely to anastamosis of severed ends of human vessels in the graft-to-mouse vessels in the recipient bed. Mouse endothelial cells gradually replace human endothelial cells in the graft. This demonstrates that initial vascularization of skin grafts is solely the result of inosculation rather than neovascularization. Skin replacements that contain vessels should vascularize like skin grafts, and methods to repopulate replacements with capillaries should be sought.
A Fringe Field Switching Liquid Crystal Display With Fast Grayscale Response Time (2015)

A fast-response fringe-field switching (FFS) liquid crystal display using patterned common electrodes is proposed. By applying a restoring pulse voltage on common electrodes, the relaxation process of liquid crystals is expedited by the electric field. The average gray-to-gray decay time is over sevenfold faster compared with the conventional FFS mode.
UML 2: A model-driven development tool (2006)

The Unified Modeling Language® (UML®) industry standard has recently undergone a major upgrade, resulting in a revision called UML 2. The primary motivation for this revision was to make UML better suited to model-driven development™ (MDD™), an approach to software development in which software models play a vital role. This requires a modeling language that is not only highly expressive but also capable of specifying models that are precise and unambiguous. In this overview article, we describe the key developments in UML 2 and the rationale behind them, and we explain how they help meet the needs of MDD. These new capabilities can be grouped into two distinct categories: (1) internal and architectural changes required to support MDD and (2) new modeling features. This paper is a revised version of a Web article, “Unified Modeling Language Version 2.0,” which was published on March 21, 2005, by developerWorks®, IBM Corporation.
Influence of the Molar Mass Distribution on the Elongational Behaviour of Polymer Solutions in Capillary Breakup (2005)

Abstract Commercially available, blended methylhydroxyethyl celluloses with similar weight-average molar masses but varying molar mass distributions were characterized by different techniques like steady shear flow and uniaxial elongation in capillary breakup experiments. The determined relaxation times t were then correlated with the absolute molar mass distribution acquired via SEC/MALLS/DRI (combined methods of size-exclusion-chromatography, multi angle laser light scattering and differential refractometer). In order to describe the longest relaxation time of the polymers in uniaxial elongation via integral mean values of the molar mass distribution, defined blends of polystyrene standards with varying molar mass distributions were characterized. The obtained data was scaled via different moments of the molecular weight distribution and could be correlated with the results obtained for the methylhydroxyethyl celluloses.
The investigation of Alzheimer's disease with single photon emission tomography. (1989)

Twenty patients satisfying standard clinical criteria for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and six age-matched normal controls were studied using 99mTc hexamethyl-propyleneamine oxime and single photon emission tomography. The AD patients had lower regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the temporal and posterior parietal lobes compared to controls. AD patients with apraxia and aphasia had lower rCBF in the lateral temporal and posterior parietal lobes than AD patients without these features. Within the AD group, correlations were found between neuropsychological tests and rCBF: praxis correlated with posterior parietal activity, memory with left temporal lobe activity and language with activity throughout the left hemisphere.
Alkali metal nitrides (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAlkali metal nitridesG. J. Moody and J. D. R. Thomas Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1966, 43, 4, 205Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1966Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 April 1966Published inissue 1 April 1966https://doi.org/10.1021/ed043p205Request reuse permissionsArticle Views518Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Sunscreen Use and the Risk for Melanoma: A Quantitative Review (2003)

No association was seen between melanoma and sunscreen use. Failure to control for confounding factors may explain previous reports of positive associations linking melanoma to sunscreen use. In addition, it may take decades to detect a protective association between melanoma and use of the newer formulations of sunscreens.
The effect of variation in thermomechanical compaction techniques upon the quality of the apical seal (1989)

The purpose of the present study was to assess the effect of compactor design, alterations in rotational speed and modification to the basic technique of thermomechanical compaction on the quality of the apical seal produced by gutta-percha and sealer cement. The integrity of the apical seal achieved using two different configurations of compactor, rotational speeds of 8000 and 16,000 rev/minute and a hybrid technique which combined thermomechanical compaction with lateral condensation were compared with conventional lateral condensation. The same brand of gutta-percha and type of sealer were used throughout the investigation. A cleared tooth technique that allowed the three-dimensional assessment of Indian ink leakage was employed. Instrument fracture, a problem experienced in some other investigations, did not occur with either design of compactor used. Apical dye leakage was found to be a relatively frequent occurrence with each variation in obturation technique studied, including that of lateral condensation of cold gutta-percha and sealer. The results showed no significant difference in the mean degree of leakage for each of the groups or in the proportion of specimens that showed leakage (P greater than 0.1). The advantages of the hybrid method of root canal obturation were discussed.
<title>Ultrahigh-Resolution Graphic Data Terminal</title> (1980)

An ultra-high resolution multicolor graphic data terminal is being developed for use in acquisition and exploitation of high density graphical data. The system consists of three storage mode smectic liquid crystal data cells with laser addressing and projection readout. The projected graphical data is superimposed by rear projection onto a common 24 x 32 inch viewing/working surface. A multicolor format is achieved by projecting data from the three cells in three primary colors, thereby producing seven distinguishable composite colors. Each data cell contains 6000 x 8000 addressable pixels for a total memory capacity of 48 x 106 memory locations per cell. The total data capacity of the system is 144 x 10<sup>6</sup> pixels. A galvanometer mirror deflection system controlled by a beam position sensing feedback loop is used to position the focused 1.06 μm laser writing beam to an accuracy of .006%. The beam position sensing system is relatively insensitive to variations in signal levels and can sense the deflected beam position with a 20 MHz bandwidth. The laser scanning focus lens is an f/8 telecentric design and produces a 4 inch diagonal format with 10,000 TV line resolution and lateral color distortion of less than 0.0002 inches for both the writing laser wavelength at 1.06 μm and the position sensing wavelength at .6328 μm. The three 10X projection lenses have a distortion less than 10,000:1 and can accurately superimpose the images on the viewing screen from the three liquid crystal cells to produce a color graphic display in six colors plus black and white. The imagery can be reversed to produce either a dark field or a bright field display.
Phase‐Transfer Catalyzed Two‐Phase Reactions in Preparative Organic Chemistry (1974)

Abstract Quaternary ammonium and phosphonium salts catalyze reactions between substances located partly in an aqueous and partly in an organic phase. Use of such phase‐transfer catalysts simplifies and accelerates numerous reactions traditionally conducted in nonaqueous media. These reactions include carbene reactions, nucleophilic substitutions, alkylations of ketones and nitriles, Wittig and Darzens reactions, formation of ethers and esters. Other reactions such as hydrolysis and oxidation can be accelerated.
[Method of transesophageal electrostimulation of the ventricles in clinical practice]. (1984)

Possibilities of improving the efficacy of the trans-esophageal ventricular electrostimulation were studied in 22 patients with pacemaker weakness, the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, transverse block and other disorders of the rhythm and conductivity of the heart. It has been shown that the amplitude of impulses in trans-esophageal ventricular electrostimulation may be decreased on the average to 32.36 +/- 1.37 V with the help of a specially-designed electrode, the optimal positioning of its cathode contact in the esophagus and the lengthening of electrical impulses. Trans-esophageal electrostimulation of the ventricles broadens the possibilities of the noninvasive electrophysiological examination and the treatment of complicated disturbances of the cardiac rhythm and conductivity.
Can AI planners solve practical problems? (1990)

While there has been recent interest in research on planning and reasoning about actions, nearly all research results have been theoretical. We know of no previous examples of a planning system that has made a significant impact on a problem of practical importance. One of the primary goals during the development of the SIPE‐2 planning system has been the balancing of efficiency with expressiveness and flexibility. With a major new extension, SIPE‐2 has begun to address practical problems. This paper describes this new extension and the new applications of the planner. One of these applications is the problem of producing products from raw materials on process lines under production and resource constraints. This is a problem of commercial importance and SiPE‐2's application to it is described in some detail.
Ti:LiNbO <sub>3</sub> stripe waveguide Bragg reflector gratings (1988)

The first demonstration of Bragg reflector grating filters in Ti: LiNbO3 single-mode channel guides is reported. Filter bandwidths as narrow as 0.14 nm centred at 1.476 μm have been achieved for TE polarisation in Y-cut (X-propagating) material.
Fast low-rank matrix approximation with locality sensitive hashing for quick anomaly detection (2017)

Detecting anomalous traffic is a critical task for advanced Internet management. The traditional approaches based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) are effective only when the corruption is caused by small additive i.i.d. Gaussian noise. The recent Direct Robust Matrix Factorization (DRMF) is proven to be more robust and accurate in anomaly detection, but it incurs a high computation cost due to its need of singular value decomposition (SVD) for low-rank matrix approximation and the iterative use of SVD execution to find the final solution. To enable the anomaly detection for large traffic matrix with the use of DRMF, we formulate the low-rank matrix approximation problem as a problem of searching for the subspace to project the traffic matrix with the minimum error. We propose a novel approach, LSH-subspace, for fast low-rank matrix approximation. To facilitate the matrix partition for the quick search of the subspace, we propose several novel techniques: a multi-layer locality sensitive hashing (LSH) table to reorder the OD pairs based on LSH function, a partition principle to guide the partition to minimize the projection error, and a lightweight algorithm to exploit the sparsity of the outlier matrix to update the LSH table at low overhead. Our extensive simulations based on real trace data demonstrate that our LSH-subspace is 3 times faster than DRMF with high anomaly detection accuracy.
アート・オブ・SQL : パフォーマンスを引き出すSQLプログラミング手法 (2007)

計画の策定—パフォーマンスのためのデータベース設計 戦争の実施—効率的なデータベースアクセス 戦術的な配置—インデックス付け 策略—ＳＱＬ文の考察 地形 物理的実装の理解 ９つの状況—標準的なＳＱＬパターンの理解 戦略におけるバリエーション—階層データの扱い 弱みと強み—困難な状況の理解と対処 複数の戦線—並列処理への取り組み 戦力の集結—大量データへの対処 計略—応答時間改善の試み スパイの利用—パフォーマンスの監視