gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optical Stabilizer Based on Optical Bistable Devices with All-Fibre Construction (2004)

We propose a fibre optical stabilizer constituted by a photoelectric-hybrid optical bistable device in which fibre Bragg grating is used as a light intensity modulator. The intensity noise-reducing ability is well improved through the method by employing two feed signals. As a result, the light intensity variation can be reduced to ~1/64.
Cimetidine in chronic idiopathic urticaria: a randomized double-blind study (1978)

Journal Article Cimetidine in chronic idiopathic urticaria: a randomized double‐blind study Get access C. A. COMMENS, C. A. COMMENS Institute of Dermatology and St John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, London E9 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. W. GREAVES M. W. GREAVES Institute of Dermatology and St John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, London E9 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 99, Issue 6, 1 December 1978, Pages 675–679, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1978.tb07062.x Published: 01 December 1978
[Preparation of high viscous chitosan/glycerol phosphate and preliminary studies on its properties]. (2008)

The viscosity of HV-C/GP prepared by improved technique obviously increases and the thermosensitivity has no significant changes. The degradation time of HV-C/GP in vitro lengthens. The micrographs show that the HV-C/GP gels are porous and the pore diameter are smaller than C/GP.
Systematic Review: Comparative Effectiveness and Harms of Disease-Modifying Medications for Rheumatoid Arthritis (2008)

Limited available comparative evidence does not support one monotherapy over another for adults with rheumatoid arthritis. Although combination therapy is more effective for patients whose monotherapy fails, the evidence is insufficient to draw firm conclusions about whether one combination or treatment strategy is better than another or is the best treatment for early rheumatoid arthritis.
Handover criterion for macro and microcellular systems (2002)

In order to realize fast handover in both microcells and macrocells, the relationship between averaging, the received signal level comparison method, and handover detection delay was analyzed. The analytical results were verified by handover simulations performed using experimental propagation data. As the criterion for accurate and stable handover in both the macrocell and the microcell, a combined handover decision is suggested which consists of long-term averaging with a small hysteresis margin and short-term averaging with a large hysteresis margin.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Inheritance and Possible Use of Pale Yellow Character in Tobacco<sup>1</sup> (1969)

The chlorophyll deficient T.I. 1372 tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.) is characterized by a slightly lighter green color in the seedlings than that of normal green varieties. With the approach of maturity, all the leaves on the T.I. 1372 plants turn yellow at about the same time. This character is designated as pale‐yellow and is controlled by the dominant gene (Py). The possible use of the pale‐yellow character in reducing the number of harvests in flue‐cured tobacco was investigated. The tobacco was harvested by the conventional regime (six harvests) and in one and two harvests. Yield was lower in the one and two harvests than in the conventiinal regime and the value per 45.4 kg was the same for all harvest regimes. Total alkaloids and alpha amino nitrogen were reduced and reducing sugars increased as the number of harvests decreased. However, suggestions were made to overcome the differences in yield and chemical analysis so that all of the tobacco could be harvested in one or two operations. The pale‐yellow character may possibly have a use in fluecured tobacco for single or two harvest operations, which could eliminate the necessity for human judgment in harvesting each ripened leaf. This could greatly facilitate the use of mechanized equipment for harvesting.
A Portable MIDI Controller Using EMG-Based Individual Finger Motion Classification (2007)

Classifying the motion of the five fingers of the hand using non-invasive bio-signal readings from the forearm is still an unsolved research challenge. Its solution is relevant to hands-free remote control devices, on-stage live performances, consumer entertainment, the video game industry, and most importantly the design of hand prosthetics for amputees. This paper proposes a solution that uses the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) decompositions of electromyography (EMG) signals from the forearm muscles, and Support Vector Machines (SVM) classification. The resulting design is a low cost, low power and low complexity portable embedded system that is strapped to the arm, where it collects EMG signals, classifies them in real-time, and sends the resulting class labels via Bluetooth to a remote interface. These labels are then converted into musical instrument digital interface (MIDI) commands that can be used to control any MIDI-controllable device. While the design is still at the prototype stage at best, it provides a proof-of-concept of non-invasive finger motion classification solely based on EMG readings from the forearm muscles. Experimental simulation of the expected system achieved 91% accuracy.
Reproductive Factors and Risk of Uterine Fibroids (1996)

We analyzed the relation between reproductive history and risk of uterine fibroids using data from a case-control study. Cases were 621 women with histologically confirmed diagnosis of uterine fibroids. Controls were 1,051 non-hysterectomized patients. Compared with nulliparae, parous women had a relative risk (RR) of fibroids of 0.5 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.4-0.6], and the risk declined with number of births. The risk of fibroids also decreased with number of induced abortions (RR = 0.8 and 0.6 for women reporting one or two or more abortions, respectively). A total of 24 cases (3.9%) and 19 controls (1.8%) reported a history of infertility (RR = 2.0; 95% CI = 1.1-3.7).
The thiol reagent, thimerosal, evokes Ca2+ spikes in HeLa cells by sensitizing the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor. (1992)

The thiol reagent, thimerosal, has been shown to cause an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in several cell types, and to cause Ca2+ spikes in unfertilized hamster eggs. Using single cell video-imaging we have shown that thimerosal evokes repetitive Ca2+ spikes in intact Fura-2-loaded HeLa cells that were similar in shape to those stimulated by histamine. Both thimerosal- and histamine-stimulated Ca2+ spikes occurred in the absence of extracellular (Ca2+ o), suggesting that they result from mobilization of Ca2+ from intracellular stores. Whereas histamine stimulated formation of inositol phosphates, thimerosal, at concentrations that caused sustained Ca2+ spiking, inhibited basal and histamine-stimulated formation of inositol phosphates. Thimerosal-evoked Ca2+ spikes are therefore not due to the stimulated production of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3). The effects of thimerosal on Ca2+ spiking were probably due to alkylation of thiol groups on intracellular proteins because the spiking was reversed by the thiol-reducing compound dithiothreitol, and the latency between addition of thimerosal and a rise in [Ca2+]i was greatly shortened in cells where the intracellular reduced glutathione concentration had been decreased by preincubation with DL-buthionine (S,R)-sulfoximine. In permeabilized cells, thimerosal caused a concentration-dependent inhibition of Ca2+ accumulation, which was entirely due to inhibition of Ca2+ uptake into stores because thimerosal did not affect unidirectional 45Ca2+ efflux from stores preloaded with 45Ca2+. Thimerosal also caused a concentration-dependent sensitization of InsP3-induced Ca2+ mobilization: half-maximal mobilization of Ca2+ stores occurred with 161 +/- 20 nM InsP3 in control cells and with 62 +/- 5 nM InsP3 after treatment with 10 microM thimerosal. We conclude that thimerosal can mimic the effects of histamine on intracellular Ca2+ spiking without stimulating the formation of InsP3 and, in light of our results with permeabilized cells, suggest that thimerosal stimulates spiking by sensitizing cells to basal InsP3 levels.
Place cell firing cannot support navigation without intact septal circuits (2019)

Though it has been known for over half a century that interference with the normal activity of septohippocampal neurons can abolish hippocampal theta rhythmicity, a definitive answer to the question of its function has remained elusive. To clarify the role of septal circuits and theta in location-specific activity of place cells and spatial behavior, three drugs were delivered to the medial septum of rats: Tetracaine, a local anesthetic; muscimol, a GABA-A agonist; and gabazine, a GABA-A antagonist. All three drugs disrupted normal oscillatory activity in the hippocampus. However, tetracaine and muscimol both reduced spatial firing and interfered with the rat's ability to navigate to a hidden goal. After gabazine, location-specific firing was preserved in the absence of theta, but rats were unable to accurately locate the hidden goal. These results indicate that theta is unnecessary for location-specific firing of hippocampal cells, and that place cell activity cannot support accurate navigation when septal circuits are disrupted.
A transcribing RNA polymerase molecule survives DNA replication without aborting its growing RNA chain. (1994)

We have demonstrated elsewhere that a precisely placed, stalled Escherichia coli RNA polymerase ternary transcription complex (polymerase-RNA-DNA) stays on the DNA template after passage of a DNA replication fork. Moreover, the bypassed complex remains competent to resume elongation of its bound RNA chain. But the simplicity of our experimental system left several important questions unresolved: in particular, might the observation be relevant only to the particular ternary complex that we studied, and can the finding be generalized to a transcribing instead of a stalled RNA polymerase? To address these issues, we have created three additional ternary transcription complexes and examined their fates after passage of a replication fork. In addition, we have examined the fate of moving RNA polymerase molecules during DNA replication. The results suggest that our previous finding applies to all transcription intermediates of the E. coli RNA polymerase.
La consultoría como instrumento para la integración y la mejora de la cultura organizacional en una empresa (Proyecto Conexión) (2014)

Resumen El presente trabajo aborda el tema de la consultoria organizacional de procesos, a partir de una experiencia practica, en una empresa cubana radicada en el sector de la economia mixta (empresa mixta). Refleja, paso a paso, las actividades fundamentales que en este ambito se recomiendan para identificar y evaluar los problemas y sus causas. Se proponen posibles soluciones a dichos problemas, a traves de un plan de mejora, con la participacion activa y protagonica de sus propios miembros como consultores internos. palabras clave: clima laboral, comunicacion, cultura organizacional, plan de mejoras. Abstract The present paper deals with processes´ organizational consulting based on a practical experience in the Cuban mixed enterprise sector. It shows, step by step, the main activities suggested to be followed, in order to identify an asses problems and its causes. Some solutions are suggested through an improvement plan, that involves the active and preeminence participation of its own members acting as domestic consultants. keywords: working atmosphere, communication, organizational culture, improvement plan.
The cost of interrupted work (2008)

We performed an empirical study to investigate whether the context of interruptions makes a difference. We found that context does not make a difference but surprisingly, people completed interrupted tasks in less time with no difference in quality. Our data suggests that people compensate for interruptions by working faster, but this comes at a price: experiencing more stress, higher frustration, time pressure and effort. Individual differences exist in the management of interruptions: personality measures of openness to experience and need for personal structure predict disruption costs of interruptions. We discuss implications for how system design can support interrupted work.
The mechanism of action of methotrexate in cultured L5178Y leukemia cells. (1975)

This study investigates the relationships between the methotrexate (MTX)-induced purineless state and thymineless state and between the thymineless state and the kill of L5178Y cells. As an index of the thymineless state, we measured the effect of MTX on conversion of deoxyuridylate to thymidylate. This was measured as the rate of incorporation of tritiated deoxyuridine into DNA, but it was corrected for changes in incorporation of tritiated thymidine. Thus we derived the "calculated tritiated deoxyuridine rate." During the MTX treatment, the calculated tritiated deoxyuridine rate decreased rapidly at first and then more slowly. The slow 2nd-phase block was not reversed by hypoxanthine. As the 2nd-phase block deepened, the lymphoblasts continued to die (loss of cloning ability) but recovered the ability to incorporate tritiated thymidine into DNA. After 7 hr of MTX treatment, the kinetics of the 2nd-phase block in calculated tritiated deoxyuridine rate correlated closely with the kinetics of cell kill. Thus, MTX may inhibit dihydrofolate reductase enzyme, rapidly deplete S-phase L5178Y of reduced folates, and thus produce a purineless and thymineless state. As treatment continues, MTX intensifies the thymineless state, possibly by direct inhibition of thymidylate synthetase enzyme, and the cells die predominantly a thymineless death. The purineless state initially contributes to cell kill but later does not, possibly because it partially reverses spontaneously.
Speech traffic capacity of idle-signal casting multiple access with collision detection (ICMA/CD) for cellular mobile radio (1989)

Describes the characteristics of a possible candidate for the radio sub-system in the UMTS known as idle-signal casting multiple access with collision detection (ICMA/CD). This is primarily a random access technique initially designed for data transmission which is a development of the CSMA/CD access technique. A significant difference between the LAN and radio environment is that in the latter case mobiles are unable to monitor other mobile transmissions because of the 'hidden user problem'. Consequently ICMA/CD makes use of the base station to detect and resolve packet collisions. The performance of ICMA/CD for voice traffic in a realistic cellular environment is considered. >
The effect of digital image resolution and compression on anterior eye imaging (2005)

It is appropriate to store anterior eye images at between 1280 x 811 and 767 x 569 pixel resolution and at up to 1:70 JPEG compression.
Neck dissection with cervical sensory preservation in thyroid cancer. (2013)

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy. Recently, controversy has focused on the management of lymph node metastases, which represent approximately 90% of disease recurrences and may require considerable time, effort, and resources to diagnose and treat. Neck dissections play an essential role in the management of head and neck cancer. A modified radical neck dissection (MND) refers to resection of the lymph nodes in levels II through V and often including the central nodes in level VI. When performing modified neck dissection, we recommend to protect more reserved cervical plexus. The purpose is to better protect patient's neck skin feeling.
Benzoate Fermentation by the Anaerobic Bacterium <i>Syntrophus aciditrophicus</i> in the Absence of Hydrogen-Using Microorganisms (2001)

The anaerobic bacterium Syntrophus aciditrophicus metabolized benzoate in pure culture in the absence of hydrogen-utilizing partners or terminal electron acceptors. The pure culture of S. aciditrophicus produced approximately 0.5 mol of cyclohexane carboxylate and 1.5 mol of acetate per mol of benzoate, while a coculture of S. aciditrophicus with the hydrogen-using methanogen Methanospirillum hungatei produced 3 mol of acetate and 0.75 mol of methane per mol of benzoate. The growth yield of the S. aciditrophicus pure culture was 6.9 g (dry weight) per mol of benzoate metabolized, whereas the growth yield of the S. aciditrophicus-M. hungatei coculture was 11.8 g (dry weight) per mol of benzoate. Cyclohexane carboxylate was metabolized by S. aciditrophicus only in a coculture with a hydrogen user and was not metabolized by S. aciditrophicus pure cultures. Cyclohex-1-ene carboxylate was incompletely degraded by S. aciditrophicus pure cultures until a free energy change (DeltaG') of -9.2 kJ/mol was reached (-4.7 kJ/mol for the hydrogen-producing reaction). Cyclohex-1-ene carboxylate, pimelate, and glutarate transiently accumulated at micromolar levels during growth of an S. aciditrophicus pure culture with benzoate. High hydrogen (10.1 kPa) and acetate (60 mM) levels inhibited benzoate metabolism by S. aciditrophicus pure cultures. These results suggest that benzoate fermentation by S. aciditrophicus in the absence of hydrogen users proceeds via a dismutation reaction in which the reducing equivalents produced during oxidation of one benzoate molecule to acetate and carbon dioxide are used to reduce another benzoate molecule to cyclohexane carboxylate, which is not metabolized further. Benzoate fermentation to acetate, CO(2), and cyclohexane carboxylate is thermodynamically favorable and can proceed at free energy values more positive than -20 kJ/mol, the postulated minimum free energy value for substrate metabolism.
Effects of hypochlorite disinfection on the response of barley aleurone layers to gibberellic acid (1987)

Although the use of hypochlorite to disinfect seeds is widespread, the effects on tissues isolated from them have been largely ignored. Disinfection of barley ( Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Himalaya) half‐seeds with hypochlorite solutions of ≥1.0% (w/v) available chlorine caused the pericarp to separate from the underlying tissues. Aleurone layers isolated from these grains had lower rates of oxygen consumption and released significantly less protein, PO 4 3− Mg 2+ , K + and amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) into the medium in response to gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) than layers isolated from grains disinfected with a 0.1% hypochlorite solution. Disinfection with 1.0% hypochlorite also quantitatively altered the spectrum of proteins released into the incubation medium by the layers in response to GA 3 .
Fake-Website Detection Tools: Identifying Elements that Promote Individuals’ Use and Enhance Their Performance (2015)

By successfully exploiting human vulnerabilities, fake websites have emerged as a major source of online fraud. Fake websites continue to inflict exorbitant monetary losses and also have significant ramifications for online security. We explore the process by which salient performance-related elements could increase the reliance on protective tools and, thus, reduce the success rate of fake websites. We develop the theory of detection tool impact (DTI) for this investigation by borrowing and contextualizing the protection motivation theory. Based on the DTI theory, we conceptualize a model to investigate how salient performance and cost-related elements of detection tools could influence users’ perceptions of the tools and threats, efficacy in dealing with threats, and reliance on such tools. The research method was a controlled lab experiment with a novel and extensive experimental design and protocol in two distinct domains: online pharmacies and banks. We found that the detector accuracy and speed, reflecting in response efficacy as perceived by users, form the pivotal coping mechanism in dealing with security threats and are major conduits for transforming salient performance-related elements into increased reliance on the detector. Furthermore, reported reliance on the detector showed a significant impact on the users’ performance in terms of self-protection. Therefore, users’ perceived response efficacy should be used as a critical metric to evaluate the design, assess the performance, and promote the use of fake-website detectors. We also found that cost of detector error had profound impacts on threat perceptions. We discuss the significant theoretical and empirical implications of the findings.
The diverse biofunctions of LIM domain proteins: determined by subcellular localization and protein—protein interaction (2007)

The LIM domain is a cysteine- and histidine-rich motif that has been proposed to direct protein-protein interactions. A diverse group of proteins containing LIM domains have been identified, which display various functions including gene regulation and cell fate determination, tumour formation and cytoskeleton organization. LIM domain proteins are distributed in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm, and they exert their functions through interactions with various protein partners.
Cost estimation for maintenance contracts for complex asset/equipment (2008)

Maintenance contracts are becoming more and more popular to the owners of complex and critical items as maintenance through contracts reduces upfront investments in infrastructure, expertise and specialised maintenance facilities. In recent years, maintenance contracts have received significant attention due to increased profits for the service providers and reduction of risk for owners through expert services provided by the service providers. To make maintenance contracts more effective, there is a need to develop mathematical models and understand future costs that could be built into the contract price. In this paper, a conceptual model is developed for estimating cost of outsourcing maintenance of complex and critical asset/equipment taking into account both corrective and preventive maintenance as servicing strategies.
Vaccination-induced skin-resident memory CD8<sup>+</sup>T cells mediate strong protection against cutaneous melanoma (2018)

Memory CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell responses have the potential to mediate long-lasting protection against cancers. Resident memory CD8<sup>+</sup> T (Trm) cells stably reside in non-lymphoid tissues and mediate superior innate and adaptive immunity against pathogens. Emerging evidence indicates that Trm cells develop in human solid cancers and play a key role in controlling tumor growth. However, the specific contribution of Trm cells to anti-tumor immunity is incompletely understood. Moreover, clinically applicable vaccination strategies that efficiently establish Trm cell responses remain largely unexplored and are expected to strongly protect against tumors. Here we demonstrated that a single intradermal administration of gene- or protein-based vaccines efficiently induces specific Trm cell responses against models of tumor-specific and self-antigens, which accumulated in vaccinated and distant non-vaccinated skin. Vaccination-induced Trm cells were largely resistant to <i>in vivo</i> intravascular staining and antibody-dependent depletion. Intradermal, but not intraperitoneal vaccination, generated memory precursors expressing skin-homing molecules in circulation and Trm cells in skin. Interestingly, vaccination-induced Trm cell responses strongly suppressed the growth of B16F10 melanoma, independently of circulating memory CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells, and were able to infiltrate tumors. This work highlights the therapeutic potential of vaccination-induced Trm cell responses to achieve potent protection against skin malignancies.