gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
pH Measurement: Fundamentals, Methods, Applications, Instrumentation (1991)

This is a valuable handbook of pH measurement in science and technology. It covers electrochemical fundamentals, definition of the pH scale, electrochemical methods of determination, electrochemical pH measurement using a glass electrode and control systems. Written by an expert for experts this reference work is the only comprehensive and totally up-to-date treatment of pH measurement worldwide.
Use of DDAVP in inherited and acquired platelet dysfunction (1990)

Twenty-one patients with prolonged bleeding times secondary to inherited disorders of platelet function and eight patients with prolonged bleeding times secondary to acquired platelet dysfunction were given 0.3 micrograms per kilogram of DDAVP, 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin, intravenously. Sixteen of twenty-two DDAVP trials in patients with inherited platelet dysfunction (73%) and seven of the nine DDAVP trials in patients with acquired platelet dysfunction (78%) resulted in normalization or shortening of the prolonged bleeding times by at least 4 min. The bleeding time response did not correlate with changes in the levels of von Willebrand factor (vWf) antigen or ristocetin cofactor activity, nor was it associated with changes in vWf multimeric analysis or in vitro platelet aggregations following the administration of DDAVP. Shortening of the bleeding time with DDAVP was seen in patients with a failure to release/storage pool type defect, thromboxane synthesis type defect, Bernard-Soulier syndrome, Glanzmann's thrombasthenia, the May-Hegglin anomaly, liver disease, nonuremic renal disease, myelofibrosis, and Tangier's disease.
Amélioration du taux d'ondulation d'un générateur haute tension pour un canon à émission de champ (1974)

Nous décrivons un dispositif très économique qui permet d'obtenir un taux d'ondulation de l'ordre de 5 × 10-7 dans les conditions normales d'utilisation du microscope électronique avec une cathode à émission de champ et inférieur à 1 × 10 -7 en utilisation avec une cathode thermoionique.
Partial Characterization of the Nuclear Reduced Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate: Δ4-3-Ketosteroid 5α-Oxidoreductase of Rat Prostate (1971)

Abstract The 5α-reductase enzyme that converts testosterone to 17β-hydroxy-5α-androstan-3-one has been investigated in the rat ventral prostate by utilizing a thin layer chromatographic assay system and 3H-labeled substrates. First, it was demonstrated that approximately half of the enzyme is located in the nuclei, the remainder being found in a cytoplasmic fraction presumed to be endoplasmic reticulum. As is the case for previously described Δ4-3-ketosteroid 5α-oxidoreductases, it was not possible to solubilize the nuclear 5α-reductase, and as a result the subsequent studies were performed either on the nuclei themselves or on NaCl extracts of these nuclei. The enzyme was shown to have a pH optimum of around 6.6, to exhibit an apparent absolute requirement for NADPH as the source of the reducing hydrogen, and to be stable to freezing for long periods but unstable at 37°. The enzyme is potently inhibited by some divalent cations, particularly Hg++, Cu++, and Zn++. The substrate specificity of the enzyme for a variety of Δ4-3-ketosteroids and the ability of these steroids to inhibit the reduction of testosterone-1,2-3H were also investigated, and it was shown that the ability of these steroids to serve as substrates was paralleled by their ability to inhibit the reduction of testosterone-1,2-3H. It was concluded that in contrast to the situation in liver the nucleus of the rat prostate probably contains a single 5α-reductase enzyme and that this enzyme has a rather broad specificity for Δ4-3-ketosteroids that do not contain substitutions on the 11-carbon of the steroid molecule.
Epigenetic alterations in aging (2010)

Aging is a multifaceted process characterized by genetic and epigenetic changes in the genome. The genetic component of aging received initially all of the attention. Telomere attrition and accumulation of mutations due to a progressive deficiency in the repair of DNA damage with age remain leading causes of genomic instability. However, epigenetic mechanisms have now emerged as key contributors to the alterations of genome structure and function that accompany aging. The three pillars of epigenetic regulation are DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNA species. Alterations of these epigenetic mechanisms affect the vast majority of nuclear processes, including gene transcription and silencing, DNA replication and repair, cell cycle progression, and telomere and centromere structure and function. Here, we summarize the lines of evidence indicating that these epigenetic defects might represent a major factor in the pathophysiology of aging and aging-related diseases, especially cancer.
Novel Protein Crystal Growth Electrochemical Cell For Applications In X-ray Diffraction and Atomic Force Microscopy (2011)

A new crystal growth cell based on transparent indium tin oxide (ITO) glass-electrodes for electrochemically assisted protein crystallization allows for reduced nucleation and crystal quality enhancement. The crystallization behavior of lysozyme and ferritin was monitored as a function of the electric current applied to the growth cell. The X-ray diffraction analysis showed that for specific currents, the crystal quality is substantially improved. No conformational changes were observed in the 3D crystallographic structures determined for crystals grown under different electric current regimes. Finally, the strong crystal adhesion on the surface of ITO electrode because of the electroadhesion allows a sufficiently strong fixing of the protein crystals, to undergo atomic force microscopy investigations in a fluid cell.
Evaluation of degarelix in the management of prostate cancer (2010)

Medical castration using gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor agonists currently provides the mainstay of androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer. Although effective, these agents only reduce testosterone levels after a delay of 14 to 21 days; they also cause an initial surge in testosterone that can stimulate the cancer and lead to exacerbation of symptoms ("clinical flare") in patients with advanced disease. Phase III trial data for the recently approved GnRH receptor blocker, degarelix, demonstrated that it is as effective and well tolerated as GnRH agonists. However, it has a pharmacological profile more closely matching orchiectomy, with an immediate onset of action and faster testosterone and PSA suppression, without a testosterone surge or microsurges following repeated injections. As a consequence, with this GnRH blocker, there is no risk of clinical flare and no need for concomitant antiandrogen flare protection. Degarelix therefore provides a useful addition to the hormonal armamentarium for prostate cancer and offers a valuable new treatment option for patients with hormone-sensitive advanced disease. Here, we review key preclinical and clinical data for degarelix, and look at patient-focused perspectives in the management of prostate cancer.
Aligned/Unaligned Conducting Polymer Cryogels with Three-Dimensional Macroporous Architectures from Ice-Segregation-Induced Self-Assembly of PEDOT-PSS (2011)

Porous conducting polymers are of great interest because of the huge potential to combine high surface areas in the dry state with physical properties relevant to organic electronics. Aligned or unaligned conducting polymer cryogels with 3D macroporous architectures have been prepared using the ice-segregation-induced self-assembly (ISISA) of different poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT-PSS) freezing precursors as a dispersion or a formed hydrogel. The chemical composition and molecular structure of the resulting conducting polymer cryogels have been investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. The morphologies of the PEDOT-PSS cryogels, together with their textural structures, have been revealed by scanning electron microscopy, mercury porosimetry, and nitrogen sorption tests. Processing PEDOT-PSS via ISISA endows the conducting polymers with novel properties, as demonstrated by a series of X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and electrical conductivity tests. These conducting polymer cryogels with aligned/unaligned macroporous architectures suggest the potential in the development of electronic components, tissue engineering, and next-generation catalytic and separation supports.
Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromotagraphy analysis of the drug absorption characteristics in the buccal mucosa via a circulating device (2014)

The aim of the present study was to investigate the characteristics of Su Xiao Jiu Xin dripping pill absorption in the buccal mucosa of healthy volunteers. This pill is a traditional Chinese medicine that is widely used as an emergency treatment for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. It is sublingually administered and can be absorbed in the buccal mucosa. In the present study, a method was developed to investigate the absorption characteristics in the buccal mucosa of healthy volunteers via a circulating device by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography. The five main efficacy components associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, which are borneol, isoborneol, ligustilide, <i>n</i>-butylphthalide and ferulic acid, were detected and rapidly absorbed. Among these components, four exhibited good absorption, thus confirming that the method developed is efficient for analysis of the absoption characteristics.
Channel Coding Techniques for 5G Using Polar Codes (2017)

Coding and modulation in the crown known as the communications technology, embodies a national basic theory of the overall strength of communication science. Channel coding is a way of encoding data in a communication channel that adds patterns of redundancy into the transmission path in order to lower the error rate. Such methods are widely used in wireless communications. 5G is the coming fifth-generation wireless broadband technology based on the IEEE 802.11ac standard. 5G will provide better speeds and coverage than the current 4G. It operates with a 5 Ghz signal and is set to offer speeds of up to 1 Gb/s for tens of connections or tens of Mb/s for tens of thousands of connections. Commonly accepted use cases for 5G networks are eMBB (Enhanced Mobile Broadband), Massive IoT (Internet of Things) and URLLC (UltraReliable and Low Latency Communications). eMBB covers Internet access with high data rates to enable rich media applications, cloud storage and applications, and augmented reality for entertainment. All these demanding scenarios make use of many 5G standards of which polar codes is used as the channel coding scheme for eMBB scenario as short codes for control channel. A new class of codes, polar codes, recently made a breakthrough in coding theory. In 2008, Erdal Arıkan at Bilkent University invented polar codes, providing a new mathematical framework to solve this problem. The construction itself was first described by Stolte, and later independently by Erdal Arıkan in 2008 This thesis focuses on study of the key technology of polar code including the construction encoding and decoding. In this work, we analyze a method, known as channel polarization, to construct block codes that achieve the symmetric capacity of any binary-input discrete memoryless channel (B-DMC). The proof of their capacity achieving property is also given. In particular, we show that the algorithm can find almost all the “good” channels with computing complexity which is essentially linear in block-length. This thesis explores the structure and features of polar codes to improve their performance using Gaussian approximation-based construction of polar codes. Several schemes of polar codes are compared with each other like successive cancellation decoding(SC), list decoding(LS), list decoding with CRC(LS+CRC) and finally the existing adaptive decoder is shown to outperform all the schemes.
Regulation of transforming growth factor expression in rat intestinal epithelial cell lines. (1991)

Autocrine and paracrine modulation of transforming growth factor expression was assessed in rat intestinal epithelial cell lines designated IEC-6 and IEC-7. Addition of the transforming growth factor alpha (TGF alpha) homologue epidermal growth factor (EGF) to media of subconfluent IEC-6 cells led to autocrine stimulation of TGF alpha expression as well as increased expression of the transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF beta 1). Increased expression of TGF alpha was maximal between 3 and 6 h after addition of EGF and subsequently declined coincident with increasing level of expression of TGF beta 1, which achieved maximal levels 6 h after addition of EGF and was sustained for more than 12 h. Addition of TGF beta 1 also led to autocrine induction of its own expression coincident with suppression of TGF alpha expression. Addition of TGF beta 1 was associated with increased expression of beta-actin when standardized to a constitutive transcript (GAPDH). Similar responses to addition of EGF and TGF beta 1, were observed in another intestinal epithelial cell line, designated IEC-17. Modulation of expression of TGFs was attenuated when cells were grown on the complex extracellular matrix produced by the Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm tumor (Matrigel), reflecting the baseline induction of TGF beta 1 expression when compared to IEC-6 and IEC-17 cells maintained on plastic. These observations suggest that expression of TGFs is controlled by autocrine mechanisms in intestinal epithelial cell lines and proliferation stimulated by TGF alpha may be initially self-reinforcing but ultimately downregulated by induction of TGF beta 1.
Notes for reference (1993)

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Testosterone prevents the heat shock-induced overactivation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β but not of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 and c-Jun NH <sub>2</sub> -terminal kinase and concomitantly abolishes hyperphosphorylation of τ: Implications for Alzheimer's disease (2002)

We have shown previously that glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3 beta), cyclin-dependent kinase 5, and c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase become overactivated and hyperphosphorylate tau in heat-shocked female rats. This hyperphosphorylation of tau is estrogen-independent, prevented by androgens, and similar to Alzheimer's disease. In this study, ovariectomized (OVX) Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 75) received daily injections of 10 microg of 17 beta-estradiol benzoate (EB), or 250 microg of testosterone propionate (TP), or both EB and TP, or sesame oil (SO) vehicle for 4-6 weeks. In kinase assays of forebrain homogenates, overactivation of GSK-3 beta at 0-6 h after heat shock toward human recombinant tau, bovine tau, and phosphoglycogen synthase peptide 2 was prevented in OVX + TP and OVX + (EB + TP) but not in sham-OVX + SO, OVX + SO, and OVX + EB. Abs against inactive (pSer(9)) and activity-enhanced (pTyr(216)) GSK-3 beta showed marked increase of pSer(9)- and decrease of pTyr(216)-GSK-3 beta in both OVX + TP and OVX + (EB + TP) but not in sham-OVX + SO, OVX + SO, and OVX + EB. EB enhanced the overactivation of cyclin-dependent kinase 5. The activity of c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase was gonadal hormone-independent. The serum concentrations of testosterone and 17 beta-estradiol were 2.53 ng/ml and 201 pg/ml in OVX + TP and OVX + EB, respectively. These findings demonstrate that testosterone prevents the hyperphosphorylation of tau by inhibiting the heat shock-induced overactivation of GSK-3 beta and suggest that androgens given to aging men or, in combination with estrogens, to postmenopausal women could prevent or delay Alzheimer's disease.
Supporting social worlds with the community bar (2005)

The Community Bar is groupware supporting informal awareness and casual interaction for small social worlds: a group of people with a common purpose. Its conceptual design is primarily based on a comprehensive sociological theory called the Locales Framework, with extra details supplied by the Focus/Nimbus model of awareness. Design nuances are strongly influenced by observations and feedback supplied by a community who had been using both the Community Bar and its Notification Collage predecessor for a total of five years. As a consequence, Community Bar's design supports how communities of ad-hoc and long-standing groups are built and sustained within multiple locales: places that offer a group the site and means for maintaining awareness of one another and for rapidly moving into interaction. This includes a person's lightweight management of his or her membership in multiple locales, as well as ones varying engagement with the people and artefacts within them.
Cell Cycle Changes and the Ability of Cells to Undergo Virus-Induced Fusion (1972)

Synchronized cells of the mouse leukemic cell line, L5178Y, were examined for their ability to undergo virus-induced fusion. Fusion capacity (defined as the percentage of the original unicellular population that is induced by virus to participate in a fusion event) was measured in cells that were (i) arrested by colcemid, (ii) released from colcemid block, and (iii) released from thymidine block. The results show that fusion capacity is minimal during G1 phase (less than 10%), and rises to a maximum (69%) in arrested mitosis. Treatment of nonsynchronized cells with trypsin increased their fusion capacity to the level characteristic of cells arrested in mitosis. Colcemid-arrested cells produced twice as many hybrid clones as nonsynchronized cells after they were plated in selective medium.
Combined Single-Drop and Rotating Drum Dustiness Test of Fine to Nanosize Powders Using a Small Drum (2007)

A dustiness test has been developed that performs both a single-drop and a continuous rotation test using a 6-g sample. Tests were completed on pigment-grade and ultrafine TiO2, two grades of corundum (Aloxite), yttrium-stabilized zirconia (Y-zirconia) granules, fumed silica, goethite, talc and bentonite. The generated particles were quantified by counting and sizing at 1-s time resolution using the TSI Fast Mobility Particle Sizer and the TSI Aerodynamic Particle Sizer and by collecting the particles on a filter for weighing. The method generated reproducible amounts and size distributions of particles. The size distributions had two more or less separated size modes >0.9 microm and in addition all materials except TiO2 pigment-grade and Aloxite F1200 generated a size mode in the range from approximately 100 to approximately 220 nm. Pigment-grade TiO2 had the lowest dustiness and ultrafine TiO2 the highest dustiness as measured by particle number for both the single-drop and rotation test and as measured by mass for both tests combined. The difference was a factor of approximately 300. Three types of dust generation rate time profiles were observed; brief initial burst (talc, both grades of corundum), decaying rate during rotation period (fumed silica, TiO2 ultrafine and pigment grade, bentonite) and constant rate (Y-zirconia, goethite). These profile types were in agreement with the differences in the ratio of amount of particles generated during the single drop to the amount generated during the single-drop and rotation test combined. The ratio ranged a factor approximately 40. The new test method enables a characterization of dustiness with relevance to different user scenarios.
Realidad de la Acuícultura en Honduras y sus Limitaciones (2014)

El papel de la acuicultura en el desarrollo de Honduras puede ser significativo. La actividad produce alimentos muy nutritivos (peces) y productos de alto valor en los mercados internacionales (camaron). El cultivo de peces puede mejorar el estado nutricional de la familia rural y la economia del hogar. El desarrollo de la piscicultura en el interior de Honduras esta limitado por deficiencias en los programas actuales de extension y por problemas con la distribucion de semilla de peces.
A Brief Introduction of Biometrics and Fingerprint Payment Technology (2008)

In this paper we have survey on biometric payment system. Biometric payment system is used for various kinds of payment system instead of the tension of cards to put with them and to memorize their difficult passwords and pin numbers. Biometric payment system is much safe and secure and very easy to use and even without using any password or secret codes to remember as compared with previous system like creditcard payment system, wireless system and mobile system etc. Biometric payment system is reliable, economical and it has more advantages as compared with others. In daily life the usage of credit cards, check card for shopping, bus card, subway card for traveling, student card for library and department, and many kinds of cards for unlimited purposes and so on. So problem is that a person has to take many cards and has to remember their passwords or secret codes and to keep secure to take with him all time. So the biometric payment system will solve this problem. Greater adoption of biometric payment system will drive down the cost of biometric readers and thus making it more affordable to small business owners. We really need alternate payment systems. This "perpetual toll" to credit card companies has to stop.
2,3-Dimethoxytriphenylmethane and Some of its Derivatives (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT2,3-Dimethoxytriphenylmethane and Some of its DerivativesJ. L. E. Erickson and J. M. DecharyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 10, 2676Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01130a503https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01130a503research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views37Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Robust facial profile recognition (2002)

In this paper we present a robust approach to facial profile recognition. The high robustness results from a localization method that automatically locates the facial profile from the full contour of a person's head, and a facial profile matching method that is upgraded by a procedure for tuning facial profile normalization parameters. A model preselection method is introduced to exclude a large part of the model database from the actual matching. The facial profile recognition system has been implemented and achieved good results.