gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CONCENTRATIONS OF 17 ELEMENTS IN THE ZEBRA MUSSEL (DREISSENA POLYMORPHA), IN DIFFERENT TISSUES OF PERCH (PERCA FLUVIATILIS), AND IN PERCH INTESTINAL PARASITES (ACANTHOCEPHALUS LUCII) FROM THE SUBALPINE LAKE MONDSEE, AUSTRIA (1999)

Concentrations of the elements Al, Ag, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ga, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sr, Tl, and Zn were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in the acanthocephalan Acanthocephalus lucii (Muller); in its host, Perca fluviatilis (L.), and in the soft tissue of the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha (Pallas). All animals were collected from the same sampling site in a subalpine lake, Mondsee, in Austria. Most of the elements were found at significantly higher concentrations in the acanthocephalan than in different tissues (muscle, liver, and intestinal wall) of its perch host. Only Co was concentrated in the liver of perch to a level that was significantly higher than that found in the parasite. Most of the analyzed elements were also present at significantly higher concentrations in A. lucii than in D. polymorpha. Barium and Cr were the only elements recorded at higher concentrations in the mussel compared with the acanthocephalan. Thus, when comparing the accumulation of elements, the acanthocephalans appear to be even more suitable than the zebra mussels in terms of their use in the detection of metal contamination within aquatic biotopes. Spearman correlation analysis revealed that the concentrations of several elements within the parasites decreased with an increasing infrapopulation. Furthermore, the levels of some elements in the perch liver were negatively correlated with the weight of A. lucii in the intestine. Thus, it emerged that not only is there competition for elements between acanthocephalans inside the gut but there is also competition for these elements between the host and the parasites. The elevated element concentrations demonstrated here in the parasitic worm A. lucii provide support for further investigations of these common helminths and of their accumulation properties.
Microstructure and interface control of GaN/MgAl2O4 grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition: Substrate-orientation dependence (2011)

GaN films with single-crystal and polycrystalline structure were deposited on (111) and (100) MgAl2O4 substrates by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition using a substrate modified by chemical etching and thermal passivation. The interface structure and chemical bonding state of the GaN/MgAl2O4 interface was investigated using angle-resolved x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and resulting valence band spectra. Our results indicate that the Al2O3 buffered layer induced by thermal passivation of the (111) substrate remains unchanged during GaN deposition, which is primarily responsible for the epitaxial growth of GaN on (111) MgAl2O4 substrate. However, for the as-processed (100) substrate, interfacial reactions take place between the formed MgO-terminated surface and GaN films and GaN with a polycrystalline structure on (100) substrate forms. From the interface engineering viewpoint, the appropriate interface modification will allow control of the interface reaction to obtain high-quality GaN films for future optoelectronic devices.
<title>Flexible intrusion detection and early warning system</title> (1997)

This paper describes a passive unattended ground sensor which employs multiple sensor nodes of various transducer types to effect a sensor of exceptional utility and performance. This sensor will employ a seismic/acoustic classifying sensor and one or more additional sensor nodes as short or long range infrared, magnetic, piezo cable, microwave, or any other transducer providing a digital output. The resulting multi-node sensor will provide all weather capabilities to detect targets with high reliability, classify as either personnel, wheeled vehicle, or tracked vehicle, count the number of targets, and determine the direction of travel. The sensor weights less than two lb. and is one quarter the cost of comparable single-node-only sensors. The sensor communicates via a high quality RF link to a hand-held monitor which can be used alone, or tied to a palmtop/laptop computer to display detections on a digital map overlay. These capabilities allow the sensor deployment to be tailored by fielded forces to the terrain, environmental conditions, and threat to maximize mission effectiveness. The operational flexibility this provides a soldier is currently unmatched at any cost, at any size, and yet will be provided in a small, lightweight, low cost unit. The paper describes the design and performance of IDEWS-MN, the Communications Systems multi-mode unattended ground sensor system emphasizing the advantages of the modular architecture that allows for the inclusion of additional sensor capabilities, without changes to the basic hardware, software, or operational concepts of the sensor system.
Calculation of the Lifetime of a Metastable System (1968)

We have compared, in the context of a soluble model, two approximate methods of calculating the lifetime of a metastable state with the "exact" method. The exact method involves the usual relation $T=2\ensuremath{\hbar}{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ between the lifetime $T$ of a metastable state and the displacement $\frac{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}{2}$ of the resonance pole of the $S$ matrix from the real energy axis. This result is contrasted with those obtained by using Fermi's "golden rule" and F. T. Smith's time-delay method. While the "golden rule" method involves a first-order determination of the transition amplitude connecting the approximate bound state to the final approximate continuum state, Smith's method is nonperturbative and utilizes the $S$ matrix directly.
An Easy One-Pot Synthesis of Group 14 C-Metallated 2 (or 3)-Furan- and Thiophenecarbaldehydes (1992)

The group 14 C-metallated 2(or 3)-furan- and thiophenecarbaldehydes 4-19 have been regioselectively prepared by a one-pot procedure from the corresponding furan- and thiophenecarbaldehydes using lithium N-methylpiperazide/butyllithium or sec-butyllithium/chlorotrialkylsilanes (germanes, tin)/water as sequence of reagents.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization, and in vitro Antitumor Activity of a Series of Substituted 2,2‐Di‐n‐butyl‐4‐oxobenzo‐1,3,2‐dioxastannins. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Effect of the Insulin Mimetic L-783,281 on Intracellular [Ca2+] and Insulin Secretion From Pancreatic β-Cells (2002)

L-783,281, an antidiabetic fungal metabolite that has previously been shown to activate insulin signaling in CHO cells, was tested for its effect on intracellular Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)](i)) and insulin secretion in single mouse pancreatic beta-cells. Application of 10 micromol/l L-783,281 for 40 s to isolated beta-cells in the presence of 3 mmol/l glucose increased [Ca(2+)](i) to 178 +/- 10% of basal levels (n = 18) as measured by fluo-4 fluorescence. L-767,827, an inactive structural analog of the insulin mimetic, had no effect on beta-cell [Ca(2+)](i). The L-783,281-evoked [Ca(2+)](i) increase was reduced by 82 +/- 4% (n = 6, P < 0.001) in cells incubated with 1 micromol/l of the SERCA (sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase) pump inhibitor thapsigargin and reduced by 33 +/- 6% (n = 6, P < 0.05) in cells incubated with 20 micromol/l of the L-type Ca(2+)-channel blocker nifedipine. L-783,281-stimulated [Ca(2+)](i) increases were reduced to 31 +/- 3% (n = 9, P < 0.05) and 48 +/- 10% (n = 6, P < 0.05) of control values by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K) inhibitors LY294002 (25 micromol/l) and wortmannin (100 nmol/l), respectively. In beta-cells from IRS-1-/- mice, 10 micromol/l L-783,281 had no significant effect on [Ca(2+)](i) (n = 5). L-783,281 also resulted in insulin secretion at single beta-cells. Application of 10 micromol/l L-783,281 for 40 s resulted in 12.2 +/- 2.1 (n = 14) exocytotic events as measured by amperometry, whereas the inactive structural analog had no stimulatory effect on secretion. Virtually no secretion was evoked by L-783,281 in IRS-1-/- beta-cells. LY294002 (25 micromol/l) significantly reduced the effect of the insulin mimetic on beta-cell exocytosis. It is concluded that L-783,281 evokes [Ca(2+)](i) increases and exocytosis in beta-cells via an IRS-1/PI3-K-dependent pathway and that the [Ca(2+)](i) increase involves release of Ca(2+) from intracellular stores.
Piconewton regime dynamic force microscopy in liquid (2000)

In this work, a cantilever in a fluid is driven by a mixed signal composed of a standard driving signal and a feedback signal consisting of the amplified and phase shifted oscillation signal. This mimics the oscillation of a cantilever with a quality factor up to three orders of magnitude higher than its natural Q (∼1). This technique allows the identification of the resonance frequency of the cantilever by mechanical excitation of the fluid. The improved sensitivity has been checked by imaging a very soft sample of 1% agarose gel in the dynamic mode. A force smaller than 50 pN could be applied to the sample, improving the spatial resolution and the phase contrast significantly. This technique provides a major improvement in atomic force microscopy/spectroscopy in liquids.
Use of information barriers to protect classified information (1998)

This paper discusses the detailed requirements for an information barrier (IB) for use with verification systems that employ intrusive measurement technologies. The IB would protect classified information in a bilateral or multilateral inspection of classified fissile material. Such a barrier must strike a balance between providing the inspecting party the confidence necessary to accept the measurement while protecting the inspected party`s classified information. The authors discuss the structure required of an IB as well as the implications of the IB on detector system maintenance. A defense-in-depth approach is proposed which would provide assurance to the inspected party that all sensitive information is protected and to the inspecting party that the measurements are being performed as expected. The barrier could include elements of physical protection (such as locks, surveillance systems, and tamper indicators), hardening of key hardware components, assurance of capabilities and limitations of hardware and software systems, administrative controls, validation and verification of the systems, and error detection and resolution. Finally, an unclassified interface could be used to display and, possibly, record measurement results. The introduction of an IB into an analysis system may result in many otherwise innocuous components (detectors, analyzers, etc.) becoming classified and unavailable for routine maintenance by uncleared personnel. System maintenance and updating will be significantly simplified if the classification status of as many components as possible can be made reversible (i.e. the component can become unclassified following the removal of classified objects).
Front-Light Source Using Inverted Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with Microcathode Arrays (2010)

We have demonstrated an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) front-light source with a blinding microcathode array on a transparent electrode and a top-emission structure. Contrast ratio was improved by inserting MoO 3 at the indium–tin-oxide (ITO)/Al interface. In a device of glass substrate/ITO/MoO 3 /meshed Al/lithium fluoride (LiF)/tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato) aluminum(III) (Alq 3 )/bis[ N -(1-naphthyl)- N -phenyl] benzidine (α-NPD)/MoO 3 /semitransparent Au structure, the maximum luminance of top-side emission was 1,140 cd/m 2 , and the contrast ratio was 19:1. The transmittance was 44% at 555 nm.
Effects of Feed Sliver Moisture Content on Rotor Spinning Performance and Rotor Spun Yarn Properties (2001)

The aim of this study is to determine if high feed sliver moisture content will improve spinnability in rotor spinning without deteriorating yarn properties. Yarns are produced at a high rotor speed and low twist level. Two different count rotor spun yarns (18's and 24's) are spun from 100% cotton sliver at two different feed sliver moisture contents and two different opening roller speeds. Results indicate that high moisture content reduces the number of ends down, but increases yarn unevenness and the frequency of thin places, thick places, and neps. In addition, yarn elongation and work-to-break results are worse at high moisture content during spinning. In the case of fine yarn, a high opening roller speed tends to improve spinnability by reducing the number of ends down. Yarn evenness and thin and thick place results are also better. Overall, the results suggest that feed slivers with high moisture content can provide better spinning performance in rotor spinning. In other words, high moisture content can increase the production rate of open-end rotors, thus reducing the production cost of rotor spun yarns. However, a high moisture content also tends to deteriorate yarn evenness, increase the frequency of imperfections, and decrease yarn elongation.
Analysis on Average Sum Rate of Two-Way Relaying with Simple Analog Network Coding in Nakagami Fading Channels (2011)

This paper analyzes a two-way relaying (TWR) system where two sources with multiple antennas exchange data via an amplify-and-forward relay with a single antenna. In the system considered herein, the link quality between the sources and relay can generally be asymmetric due to the nonidentical antenna configuration and relay location. In such a general setup, an accurate upper-bound on the average sum rate (ASR) is derived when beamforming is employed at the sources. We show that the proposed bound is much closer to the exact ASR than the conventional bound under various system configurations. It is also observed that relay location is more important than relay power allocation when the numbers of source antennas are unequal.
Manufacture and microstructural characterisation of bimetallic gas turbine discs (2005)

A number of model Ni based superalloy bimetallic discs have been manufactured, each having a cast and wrought U720Li hub bonded to a cast IN738LC ring by means of hot isostatic pressing augmented by isothermal forging. The microstructures of both the as hipped and HIP plus forged model discs showed a complex precipitation reaction at the interface between the two alloys. Different types of precipitate were identified at the bond line, which had formed as a consequence of interdiffusion and recrystallisation at the interface during hipping. Residues from a pre-HIP acid cleaning process were also detected. Preliminary forging trials conducted on the model discs found poor control of the deformation and shape of the interface due to temperature and die lubrication issues and resulted in strong recrystallisation of the IN738LC and internal cracking. Subsequent full scale disc manufacture was able to overcome these problems, although further work is continuing in the microstructural and mechanical characterisation of these parts.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Superconductivity of Barium Containing Silicon Clathrate Compound, (Ba, K)xSi46. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Cell-surface prion protein interacts with glycosaminoglycans (2002)

We used ELISA and flow cytometry to study the binding of prion protein PrP to glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). We found that recombinant human PrP (rPrP) binds GAGs including chondroitin sulphate A, chondroitin sulphate B, hyaluronic acid, and heparin. rPrP binding to GAGs occurs via the N-terminus, a region known to bind divalent cations. Additionally, rPrP binding to GAGs is enhanced in the presence of Cu2+ and Zn2+, but not Ca2+ and Mn2+. rPrP binds heparin strongest, and the binding is inhibited by certain heparin analogues, including heparin disaccharide and sulphate-containing monosaccharides, but not by acetylated heparin. Full-length normal cellular prion protein (PrPC), but not N-terminally truncated PrPC species, from human brain bind GAGs in a similar Cu2+/Zn2+-enhanced fashion. We found that GAGs specifically bind to a synthetic peptide corresponding to amino acid residues 23-35 in the N-terminus of rPrP. We further demonstrated that while both wild-type PrPC and an octapeptide-repeat-deleted mutant PrP produced by transfected cells bound heparin at the cell surface, the PrP N-terminal deletion mutant and non-transfectant control failed to bind heparin. Binding of heparin to wild-type PrPC on the cell surface results in a reduction of the level of cell-surface PrPC. These results provide strong evidence that PrPC is a surface receptor for GAGs.
Enhanced archaeal laccase production in recombinant <i>Escherichia coli</i> by modification of N-terminal propeptide and twin arginine translocation motifs (2012)

Laccases are multicopper oxidases that couple the oxidation of phenolic polymers to the reduction of molecular oxygen. While an archaeal laccase has only recently been described (LccA from the culture broth of Haloferax volcanii), this enzyme appears promising for biotechnology applications based on its robust bilirubin oxidase and laccase activities as well as its ability to withstand prolonged exposure to extreme conditions. To further optimize LccA productivity and develop an option for LccA purification from whole cells, the encoding gene was modified through deletion of the twin-arginine translocation motif and N-terminal propeptide, and the modified genes were expressed in Escherichia coli. With this approach, LccA was readily purified (overall yield up to 54 %) from the soluble fraction of E. coli as a 74-kDa monomer with syringaldazine oxidizing activity as high as 33 U mg(-1). LccA proteins prepared from H. volcanii culture broth and the soluble fraction of E. coli cells were compared by ICP-AES, EPR, DSC, CD, and UV-Vis spectroscopy and found to have a similar folding pattern with T (m) values and a rich β-sheet structure analogous to other multicopper oxidases. However, in contrast to the H. volcanii-purified LccA, which was loaded with copper, copper was not fully incorporated into the type-I Cu center of E. coli purified LccA, thus, providing insight into avenues for further optimization.
Detailed study of selenium in soil, representative plants, water, bottom sediment, and biota in the Kendrick Reclamation Project Area, Wyoming, 1988-90. Water Resources Investigation (1992)

In response to increasing concern about the quality of irrigation drainage and its potential effects on fish, wildlife, and human health, the U.S. Department of the Interior formed an interbureau group to address related water-quality problems. The Kendrick Reclamation Project area (Kendrick area) was one of nine areas in the western United States that were assigned the highest priority for investigation. The magnitude, effects, and exposure pathways of selenium associated with irrigation drainage are summarized in the report. Trace elements and constituents other than selenium were evaluated but generally were not at concentrations considered harmful to wildlife or humans. A geochemical survey of the rangeland to assess the importance of geological formations as a selenium source was done. In a separate survey of the irrigated land, significant differences in concentrations of total selenium were detected in soil samples collected from the fields sampled, but only 2 of the approximately 200 soil samples contained selenium concentrations larger than the baseline.
Rheological properties and association behavior of mixtures of poly[isobutyl methacrylate-(tert-butylamino)ethyl methacrylate] and an ionomer in solution (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRheological properties and association behavior of mixtures of poly[isobutyl methacrylate-(tert-butylamino)ethyl methacrylate] and an ionomer in solutionJian Wang, Dennis G. Peiffer, Wendel J. Shuely, and Benjamin ChuCite this: Macromolecules 1991, 24, 15, 4349–4355Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00015a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00015a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views74Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Improvement in the Output Characteristics of a Large-Bore Copper Vapor Laser by Hydrogen (1992)

It has been experimentally confirmed that addition of about 1% hydrogen gas to the copper vapor laser (CVL) discharge improves the output characteristics of a large-bore CVL with 80 mm beam diameter and 1500 mm discharge length. The annular distribution of the beam intensity became uniform and the output power increased. The increase in the green laser power was larger than that in the yellow one. The hydrogen gas addition was effectual when the input power to the discharge was large and the copper temperature was high. A 120 W output power was obtained continuously for 26 hours.