gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Confiscation of $270,000,000 of German Private Property (1928)

Essay| January 01 1928 Confiscation of $270,000,000 of German Private Property Nathan Ottinger Nathan Ottinger Former Justice of the New York Supreme Court Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Current History (1928) 27 (4): 554–557. https://doi.org/10.1525/curh.1928.27.4.554 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Nathan Ottinger; Confiscation of $270,000,000 of German Private Property. Current History 1 January 1928; 27 (4): 554–557. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/curh.1928.27.4.554 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentCurrent History Search This content is only available via PDF. © 1928 by The Regents of the University of California1928 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Intensity Characteristics of Mechanoreceptors (1970)

According to recent detailed recordings of neural firing rates, the intensity characteristics of auditory and other mechanoreceptors closely approximate the input-output function of an rms detector. This becomes particularly clearly evident when the stimulus consists of a sinusoid added to random noise. The characteristic remains the same for both extrinsic and intrinsic noise. It can be expressed by means of a simple equation that contains no free constants. The rms properties of auditory receptors appear to be reflected in psychophysical experiments that deal with monaural and central masking, signal detection as a function of duration, and loudness. In spite of great similarities, the mechanoreceptors should not be considered as true rms detectors, since they show some phase sensitivity. The difference can be ignored, however, under many experimental conditions.
Registro de Urosigalphus avocadoae Gibson (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) como parasitoide de Copturus aguacatae Kissinger (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) en México (2009)

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A synthesis of haem d (1993)

This thesis is not available on this repository until the author agrees to make it public. If you are the author of this thesis and would like to make your work openly available, please contact us: thesis@repository.cam.ac.uk.
Improving the Roadway Visibility System: A Scoping Study (2004)

This report outlines activities undertaken to assist the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) in identifying priorities for research in the area of visibility and visual information. Through a focused review of the literature and through a roundtable meeting of roadway stakeholders, the project team identified areas of promise that are outlined within. Visual information to drivers, pedestrians and other roadway users comes from signs, roadway markings and other informational elements during the daytime as well as the nighttime. A good deal of the focus of this report, however, is on nighttime visibility, when systems such as lighting are also of potential benefit. This focus reflects the greater proportion of crashes that occurs at night compared to the daytime as a function of driven-miles (Boyce, 2003) but should be considered alongside the continued need for many visual information systems (e.g., traffic control devices) to function during daylight hours. Because the focus of this project was to understand requirements for providing visual information in and along the roadway, the areas of consideration that are outlined in this report include not only infrastructure-related issues but also those pertaining to roadway users and vehicles.
APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL IMMUNE SYSTEM ALGORITHM TO ELECTROMAGNETICS PROBLEMS (2010)

This paper investigates the use of clonal selection principles based on our immune system for optimization applications in electromagnetics. This concept is based on our immune system's ability to respond to an antigen and produce a pool of anti-body secreting cells. In addition to the common implementations of this algorithm where the a-nity maturation and cloning principles of clonal selection principles are used, we utilize memory and the cross-over concepts that are common to other bio-inspired methods. The performance of the algorithm is investigated for well known mathematical test functions and its potential is demonstrated in the context of the design of a radar absorbing material and a planar phased array antenna with speciflc radiation and null characteristics. Classical optimization techniques typically require an initial estimate reasonably close to the flnal result in order to avoid stagnation at a local optimum point. They also tend to be computationally intensive as they require analytical calculations such as derivatives. Nature provides heuristic optimization methods that rely on the techniques devised by difierent species over thousands of years for survival and can be utilized in engineering applications. Some of these optimizations are utilized for survival by difierent species. These approaches tend to be agent based as they can simultaneously sample the optimization space for a certain number of randomly inspired possibilities, with each iteration adding more intelligence to the heuristic search steps involved. Some examples of nature inspired optimization techniques are the genetic algorithm (GA) (1), particle swarm optimization (PSO) (2), ant colony optimization (ACO) (3), and the artiflcial immune system (AIS) (4), which is the main focus of this paper.
Optimum configuration of high-lift aeromaneuvering orbital transfer vehicles in viscous flow (1985)

The results of an analysis to determine the geometrical configuration of an aeroassisted transfer vehicle with a high lift-to-drag ratio (L/D) are described and the constraints imposed on this type of entry vehicle are considered. The aerodynamic characteristics of three configurations, a flat-plate delta wing, a truncated straight cone, and a truncated bent biconic are compared. The effect of viscosity is included in the analysis which examines the rounding of the sharp leading edges. It is shown that, under the constraints of carrying a given volume in the dead air region, the values of L/D are similar for each configuration and that a small blunt leading edge only slightly affects each vehicle's aerodynamic performance, causing less than a 5 percent drop in L/D. The truncated bent biconic is found to be the only configuration that provides the necessary stabilizing moments.
High efficiency 60nJ all-fiber Yb-doped passive mode locked laser (2013)

A passively mode-locked ytterbium-doped all fiber laser has been demonstrated based on the nonlinear polarization rotation technique in a all normal dispersion cavity. By optimizing the coupling ratio and position of the output coupler, stable mode-locked pulses is generated with an average power of 200 mW at a repetition rate of 3.3 MHz, and corresponding to single pulse energy of 60 nJ. The slope efficiency of power is as high as 68%.
Chemokine regulation of the inflammatory response to a low-dose influenza infection in CCR2–/– mice (2006)

Influenza virus infections induce chemokines and cytokines, which regulate the immune response. The chemokine receptor CCR2 plays an important role in macrophage recruitment and in the development of T1 immunity. In the present study, we addressed the role of CCR2 in influenza A virus infection. CCR2 knockout (-/-) mice are protected against influenza A virus infection, despite delayed recruitment of macrophages. We show that low-dose influenza infection of CCR2-/- mice leads to increased neutrophilia between Days 5 and 10 after infection and decreased monocyte/macrophage and CD4(+) T cell recruitment to the lungs between Days 5 and 7 after infection. These changes in leukocyte recruitment did not result from or cause increased viral titers or delayed viral clearance. Neutrophilia in the lungs correlated with increased keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC) and/or MIP-2 expression in CCR2-/- mice between Days 5 to 10 after infection, although the kinetics of neutrophil recruitment was not altered. MIP-2 mRNA and protein expression was increased three- to fivefold, and KC protein levels were increased two- to threefold in CCR2-/- compared with CCR2 wild-type mice at Day 5 after infection. This preceded the peak neutrophil influx, which occurred 7 days after infection. In vitro studies confirmed that MIP-2 and KC accounted for neutrophil chemotactic activity in the bronchoalveolar lavage. CCR2 deficiency also resulted in increased MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, MCP-1, and IFN-inducible protein 10 and decreased RANTES mRNA expression. Furthermore, IL-6 and TNF-alpha cytokine production were elevated after infection. These studies suggest that CCR2 plays a multifactorial role in the development of the immune response to influenza.
The Relationship between Carotid Arterial Flow and the Left Ventricular Area is valid to indicate contractility in states of cerebral autoregulation and decreased arterial pressure (2008)

Background: Myocardial contractility can be estimated by noninvasive ultrasound-derived time-varying elastance (E′es). The E es is composed of flow in the internal carotid artery located close to the middle cerebral arteries where autoregulated cerebral flow can be accurately detected. Furthermore most contractility indices are highly dependent on ventricular load. We therefore investigated whether the index E′es is influenced by cerebral autoregulation actuated by decreased arterial pressure which equals also a significant decrease in ventricular load. Methods: Time-varying elastance was measured in nine merino sheep using a conductance/micromanometer technique to reveal the standard index Ees, and by the arterial blood-flow velocity–LV area relationship, resulting in the tested index E′es. The precision to indicate changes in contractility was estimated by the derived indices ςEes and ςE′es. Cerebral microcirculation, systolic myocardial dyssynchrony, tissue oxygen of the brain cortex (p(ti)O2) and cerebral cell damage (L/P ratio) were documented. Following a period of stability, mean arterial pressure (MAP) was decreased to 50 mmHg either by the vasodilator sodium nitroprusside (SNP) or by impaired contractility performed with the cardio selective beta-blocker esmolol. Results: E es indicated precisely the unchanged myocardial contractility following SNP administration. The index E′es was valid to detect the decrease in contractility induced by esmolol whereas the precision decreased due to an increase in systolic dyssynchrony. Conclusions: Our results suggest that autoregulation of cerebral microperfusion and variations in arterial load will not alter E′es measurements. E′es is a suitable measurement to use when diagnosing causes of severe hypotension and selecting the appropriate therapy.
Driver Simulation used Dynamical Engine Test Stands for Exhaust Emission Test Cycles (1993)

A driver simulation used in dynamical engine test stands is discribed which may be used to control the velocity and acceleration during exhaust emission test cycles. A model of the car body including drive line, differential and wheels has been developed and implemented on the test stand to simulate the dynamics of load changes occurring in a driving vehicle. A comparison between a human driver and the control results of the driver simulation (realized as a digital controller) is presented and discussed.
Treatment of sentinel node-positive breast cancer (2006)

Sentinel node biopsy has become well accepted as a minimally invasive means of accurately staging the axilla in breast cancer patients. Patients with metastases in the sentinel node(s) have traditionally proceeded to completion of axillary node dissection, whereas patients who are node negative can be spared the morbidity of this procedure. Recently, there has been some debate as to what constitutes node-positive disease and whether patients with metastasis in the sentinel node(s) require completion axillary dissection. This review addresses the controversies regarding the management of sentinel node-positive breast cancer patients.
A feed-forward artificial neural network as a simulator for a chemical process (2002)

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) can serve as simulators trained from observed gross behaviour of a process especially in cases where its mathematical modelling is qualitatively inadequate or not feasible. The inputs to the ANN may be various operating parameters, physical and chemical properties, and process conditions, while the outputs would be the final product variables characterising the output of the chemical process. The paper illustrates the feasibility of using a feed-forward neural network as a steady state simulator for chemical processes exemplified by a continuous stirred tank reactor with two first-order reactions in series, for which a simple mathematical model was used to generate a set of training examples. The network was trained by error square sum minimisation by the Levenberg-Marquardt method, and the influence of the number of hidden layers and the number of nodes in the hidden layers was studied.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Transcripts of Reiterated DNA Sequences in the Determination of Blastomeres and Early Differentiation in Echinoid Larvae (1975)

RNA transcribed from repetitive DNA sequences during the early cleavages and RNA present in unfertilized eggs of the sand dollar Dendraster excentricus have been studied by means of molecular hybridization. Egg RNA, capable of competing in the hybridization reactions, is localized on particles in the cytoplasm. RNA populations synthesized during the first four cleavages are found to be very similar to egg RNA, are nuclear in origin, heterogeneous in size, and probably contain histone mRNA. Egg-type RNAs are present, and are synthesized in embryos throughout early development; the relative amounts of these RNAs increase to the late blastula stage and then decrease to a low level at the prism stage. Blastomeres were separated at the 16-cell stage to yield pure preparations of micromeres and a meso-plus macromere fraction. Competition-hybridization experiments showed that egg-type RNA populations present in embryos at the fourth cleavage were distributed almost equally in the isolated micromere and meso-plus macromere fractions. However, experiments with H3-RNA extracted from micromeres, obtained after pulse-labeling the 16-cell stage embryos, showed qualitatively new transcriptions from repeated DNA sequences. Such new transcripts could not be detected in H3-RNA isolated from the meso-plus macromere fraction. These observations are discussed in relation to current information on the synthesis of RNA and its involvement in early echinoderm development.
Interactions in Tetravalent and Pentavalent Phosphonate Esters of Ser at the Active Site of Serine Enzymes (1996)

Abstract New convenient methods of synthesizing useful mixed organic derivatives of B, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, As and phosphorus (IV) thioacids with a P(S)S-E fragment were developed. Their spectral, structural and chemical properties were studied.
Equilibria between low-molecular-weight poly-?-methyl styrenes and their monomer (1962)

A. Vrancken, J. Smid and M. Szwarc, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1962, 58, 2036 DOI: 10.1039/TF9625802036
Effect of eNOS gene G894T mutation on the ability of vascular endothelial cells to produce nitric oxide and its significance (2019)

Objective
To investigate the relationship between vascular endothelial cell nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene polymorphism and the pathogenesis of avascular femoral head necrosis (ANFH).


Methods
The eNOS full-length CDS fragments, containing 894G or 894T separately, was subcloned into lentiviral expression vector, and then infect the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). The contents of nitric oxide NO and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in cell culture supernatant were detected in a time-dependent manner. The luciferase-labeled reporter plasmid pNF-κB-luc was co-transfected with the reference control plasmid pRL-TK into HUVEC cells infected with LV-eNOS-894G, LV-eNOS-894T, and control lentivirus (LV-NC) for 48 h. The luciferase activity of each group was detected. The expression of nuclear factor (NF)-κB protein and eNOS protein in HUVEC cells were detected by Western blot assay. The HUVEC cells in each group were co-cultured with hFOB1.19 cells, and the concentration of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) or osteocalcin (OCN) in the supernatant were detected at different time points.


Results
The contents of NO and cGMP in the cell culture supernatant of the full-length lentivirus expressing eNOS gene (containing 894G or 894T) were significantly higher than that in the empty cell group and the empty vector group, and the contents of NO and cGMP in the cell culture supernatant of the 894G group were significantly higher than that of 894T group (P<0.01). Compared with blank cells, the expression levels of NF-κB/p65 protein and eNOS protein were significantly increased in cells expressing eNOS, and the expression of NF-κB/p65 protein in 894G group was significantly increased than 894T group, but there was no difference in eNOS protein expression between the 894G and 894T groups; each group of HUVEC cells were co-cultured with hFOB1.19 osteoblasts, and at each of the same time points, the concentrations of ALP and OCN in the cell culture supernatant expressing lentivirus were significantly higher than that in the empty cell group and the empty vector group, and the ALP and OCN concentrations in the cell culture supernatant of the 894G group were significantly higher than those in the 894T group.


Conclusions
The eNOS gene exon G894T mutation reduces the levels of nitric oxide and cGMP produced by vascular endothelial cells through the eNOS-NO pathway, affecting the expression levels of NF-κB/p65 protein and eNOS protein, and reducing osteoblast activity, and blood supply to blood vessels. It may be one of the pathogenic mechanisms leading to femoral head necrosis.


Key words: 
Endothelium, vascular; Nitric oxide synthase; Polymorphism, single nucleotide; Femur head necrosis
Planificacion de trayectorias en robots moviles (1995)

Esta tesis trata el problema de la planificacion trayectorias en dos dimensiones para la navegacion de robots moviles en superficies planas. Para ello, se divide el problema en la resolucion de dos cuestiones fundamentales: la planificacion espacial de un camino libre de obstaculos, admisible desde el punto de vista cinematico; y la posterior planificacion temporal de un perfil de velocidades, aceptable desde el punto de vista cinematico y dinamico, y la garantizacion de ciertos requisitos debidos a la naturaleza de la operacion que debe realizar. Los resultados que se muestran en la tesis se han obtenido mediante la experimentacion real con el robot movil ram-1. El planificador de trayectoria propuesto ha sido integrado con exito en el navegador del mencionado vehiculo.
Absorption spectrum of the laser-populated<sup>3</sup>D metastable levels in barium (1975)

The paper deals with the details of the absorption spectrum of the 3D metastable term in barium. The 3D term was selectively populated with a tuneable dye laser. The fundamental triplet series (6s5d3D-6snf3F) is identified and extended out to n=32. In addition, the absolute photoionization cross section was measured at 303 nm and found to be (18+or-4)*10-18cm2. The relative cross section from 303 to 250 nm was also measured with the absolute scale set by the measurement at 303 nm and was found to be nearly constant in the wavelength region measured.
Lactobacillus manihotivorans sp. nov., A New Starch-Hydrolysing Lactic Acid Bacterium Isolated during Cassava sour Starch Fermentation (1998)

Two Lactobacillus strains were isolated from sour cassava starch fermentation. The cells were Gram-positive, catalase-negative, non-spore-forming, non-motile rods. They produced only L(+)lactate and were homofermentative. Growth occurred at pH values of 5.0-7.0 and optimum growth occurred at pH 6.0. Growth was positive at 15 and 45 degrees C. The DNA G + C content was 48.4 +/- 0.2 mol%. Sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene revealed that strains OND 32T and YAM 1 clustered with, but were separate from Lactobacillus casei-related taxa. Protein pattern and sequence analyses of the 16S rRNA gene confirmed that the two new isolates represent a new Lactobacillus species, for which the name Lactobacillus manihotivorans is proposed; strain OND 32T is the type strain of this species.
Imaging Mitochondrial Redox Environment and Oxidative Stress Using a Redox-Sensitive Fluorescent Protein (2008)

Redox-sensitive green fluorescent protein (roGFP) is a fluorescent protein in which two cysteines are placed adjacently in the barrel structure. Disulfide formation (oxidation) increases the absorption at short wavelengths (410 nm) at the expense of absorption at longer wavelengths (490 nm). The fluorescence ratio indicates reduction/oxidation, i.e., the redox potential at specific cellular locations.
Assessment of myocardial perfusion and viability with technetium-99m methoxyisobutyl isonitrile. (1991)

The clinical application of Tc-99m Sestamibi imaging in acute myocardial infarction should be most useful. The capability of assessing risk area during acute coronary occlusion and degree of myocardial salvage after reperfusion offers a noninvasive means to assess the benefit of therapeutic interventions aimed at reducing myocardial ischemic injury. Further studies in larger numbers of patients appear warranted to identify the precise worth of this new imaging technique relative to other existing noninvasive imaging methodologies in clinical practice.
Purification and characterization of two protein kinases associated with Rous sarcoma virus (1983)

The two major phosvitin-utilizing kinases have been purified from virions of the Prague C strain of Rous sarcoma virus by the use of ion-exchange and affinity chromatography. The two kinases isolated may be differentiated by their molecular weights as well as by their ability to utilize GTP as a phosphate donor. Protein kinase G, which will use either GTP or ATP as a phosphate donor, has a molecular weight of 120 000 as determined under nondenaturing conditions by glycerol gradient centrifugation and 28 000 when assayed under denaturation in sodium dodecyl sulfate (Na-DodSO4)-polyacrylamide gels. Protein kinase A, which will only efficiently use ATP as the phosphate donor, has an apparent molecular weight of 43 000 estimated by glycerol gradient sedimentation and 40 000 by NaDodSO4-polyacrylamide electrophoresis. Both kinases possess the ability to autophosphorylate. Phosvitin is the major, and casein the minor, phosphate-accepting substrate for both kinases in vitro; however, kinase G will also phosphorylate histones to an extent similar to that observed with casein.
Temporal dynamics of a ring dye laser with a stimulated Brillouin scattering mirror (1996)

We present a numerical study of the temporal dynamics of a stimulated Brillouin scattering ring resonator. A coaxial flash-lamp-pumped Rh6G dye laser is assumed. The influence of the most important parameters on the temporal evolution of the resonator is analyzed, namely, the acoustic decay time of the nonlinear material, the features of the external injection pulse - its pulse width, energy, and spatial quality - and the coupling mirror reflectivity. We found the conditions to initiate and maintain laser oscillation in the ring resonator as long as the duration of the pumping system pulse persisted.
Improved Preparative Method for 1,2‐Diaryl‐3,4‐diphosphinidenecyclobutenes and Its Application to the Studies of 1,2‐Bis(arylthienyl)‐3,4‐diphosphinidenecyclobutenes. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.