gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms of Receptor-coupled Signal Transduction (1987)

The mechanisms by which specific cell surface receptor proteins transmit signals to enzymes, transport proteins or other biological effectors has been the subject of extensive investigation. Among the most studied of these receptor-coupled signal transduction systems have been those involved in the adrenergic regulation of adenylate cyclase activity. Most of the primary components of the catecholamine-mediated stimulatory and inhibitory pathways of adenylate cyclase have now been purified. Both stimulation and inhibition of the enzyme activity is initiated by the binding of hormones to specific receptors; the β-adrenergic receptor being involved in stimulation while the α2-adrenergic receptor is responsible for triggering inhibition of tne enzyme activity. Each of these receptors is known to be comprised of a single type of polypeptide with an apparent Mr = 65,000 daltons (Benovic et al., 1984; Regan et al., 1986). Following their interaction with hormones, these receptors go on to interact with, and promote the activation of, distinct GTP binding proteins which are typically designated as Ns or Gs (the stimulatory GTP binding protein) and Ni or Gi (the innibitory GTP binding protein). Both Ns and Ni. are heterotrimeric in structure. They contain distinct GTP binding subunits, designated as αs (Mr = 45,000) and αi (Mr = 41,000), but seemingly identical β(Mr = 36,000) and γ (Mr = 5–10,000) subunits (Northup et al., 1983; Bokoch et al., 1984; Codina et al., 1984). The activation of these “N” proteins is directly reflected by the binding of the “active” guanine nucleotide, GTP. This, in turn, primes the N proteins for stimulating (or inhibiting) the effector enzyme until a GTPase activity deactivates these proteins and ultimately allows for a recycling of the components of the system.
An Empirical Study of the Effect of Heterogeneous Within-Groups Variance upon Certain <i>F</i>-Tests of Significance in Analysis of Variance (1940)

In the application of the analysis of variance to data obtained in educational methods experiments which involve several classes of several schools, one assumption is that of homogeneity in the variances of pupil scores from school to school. It is shown that such variances on representative educational achievement tests are heterogeneous. The effects of this heterogeneity upon the F -tests of significance commonly employed in methods experiments are investigated by comparing the actual distribution of F values for a large number of “experiments” involving marked heterogeneity with a theoretical distribution based on the assumption of homogeneity. Although the findings, which vary somewhat with the type of variance ratio, are not entirely conclusive, they apparently demonstrate that departure from homogeneity does not invalidate the use of the customary F -tests for evaluating results of the typical methods experiment.
Prognosis and Surgical Treatment of Gastric Cancer Invading the Pancreas (2000)

The clinicopathologic characteristics of gastric cancer invading the pancreas have not been determined. Gastrectomy was performed in 282 patients with gastric cancer invading adjacent organs at the Department of Surgery II, Kyushu University Hospital, between 1970 and 1987, and patient data were retrospectively analyzed using univariate and multivariate analyses. Of these patients, 150 (53.2%) had tumors invading the pancreas and 132 had tumors invading adjacent organs other than the pancreas. In both groups, the undifferentiated tissue type with infiltrative growth, lymphatic involvement and lymph node metastasis was common. In cases of pancreas invasion, the extent of lymph node metastasis was more severe, vascular involvement was more frequent and the rate of concomitant liver metastasis was higher. The survival time of the patients with pancreas invasion was shorter compared to patients with cancer invading other organs, and pancreas involvement was one of the independent factors predicting a poor prognosis. With respect to surgical treatment of gastric cancer invading the pancreas, the prognosis was better for cases treated with curative surgery and pancreas resection. Of 39 patients treated with partial resection of the pancreas, the tumor had invaded only the capsule of the pancreas in 18 and the pancreas in the other 21. Pancreas-invasive gastric cancer cells are likely to advance via lymphatic and vascular routes and survival time is shorter, but curative resection can improve the survival rate, and perioperative treatment should be appropriately designed.
Organic Semiconductors. II. The Electrical Resistivity of Organic Molecular Complexes (1960)

Thirty molecular complexes involving quinones, halogens, polynitroaromatics, or tetracyanoethylene as electron acceptors and aromatic hydrocarbons or substituted aromatics as electron donors have been prepared and the room temperature electrical resistivities measured on compressed microcrystalline material. A lowering of electrical resistivity is generally associated with complex formation. The results are discussed in terms of crystal structure and charge transfer complex theory.
Mifepristone versus placebo to treat uterine myoma: a double-blind, randomized clinical trial (2013)

The 5 mg dosage of mifepristone presented significantly superior efficacy compared to the placebo.
α-Dicarbonylic compounds as indicators and precursors of flavor deterioration during beer aging (2002)

We monitored beer deterioration upon storage at 0 or 28°C by chemical indices determined by HPLC. A chromatogram peak named LC18 gradually decreased until it was barely detected after 50 days at 0°C, and it asymptotically approached a stationary level after 10 days at 28°C. Isolation, synthesis, and decomposition of LC18 showed it to be a Maillard reaction intermediate, generated by the decomposition of 3-deoxy-2-hexosulose, and a direct precursor of 5-hydroxymethyl-furfural (HMF). This finding led us to uncover the accumulation of up to 10 α-dicarbonyls in beers stored at 28°C, and we determined their structures by 1 H and 13 C NMR spectroscopy. Four of these α-dicarbonyls have never been reported in beer, and two of them are presumed products of the Strecker degradation of 1-deoxyosones, The concentrations of seven α-dicarbonyls increased up to ninefold during storage at 28°C, compared with their levels in control beers kept at 0°C. The addition of α-dicarbonyl trapping reagents to beer before storage blocked the formation of HMF and retarded the deterioration of beer flavor as determined by sensory evaluation by a descriptive panel. Le but de cette etude est de controler la deterioration de la biere a 28°C par la determination de nouveaux indices chimiques. Ces derniers sont relies a la reaction de Maillard, et cette etude developpe une methode analytique pour quantifier leur accumulation pendant le vieillissement de la biere. Elle initie l'evaluation des α-dicarbonyl en tant que precurseurs de la deterioration de la biere, par la mesure de leurs produits et les effets sur la qualite sensorielle du produit.
A general model and SINR analysis of low duty-cycle UWB access through multipath with narrowband interference and rake reception (2005)

Interference from coexisting narrowband services is a critical factor affecting performance of ultra-wideband (UWB) radio communications. There is clearly a need to quantify interference and compare UWB systems on that basis. In this paper, we develop a general Rake reception model along with a unifying transmission framework for low duty-cycle UWB multiple access encompassing existing and novel spreading codes, including direct sequence, digital singleand multi-carrier, time-hopping, and combinations of them. Our unifying framework relies on a digital model, which leads to closed-form performance analysis expressions. Different from existing alternatives that require oversampling, our general model is developed directly from the samples of the Rake receiver output and allows for various Rake finger delay selections. Signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio analysis and simulations are carried out to assess the relative merits of several UWB systems in the presence of narrowband interference, multipath and additive white Gaussian noise, for both matched-filter and minimum mean square error Rake receivers.
Radiation Damage, Contrast and Statistics in High Resolution Biological Electron Microscopy (1970)

It is well known that a large flux of electrons must pass through a specimen in order to obtain a high resolution image while a smaller particle flux is satisfactory for a low resolution image. The minimum particle flux that is required depends upon the contrast in the image and the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio at which the data are considered acceptable. For a given S/N associated with statistical fluxtuations, the relationship between contrast and “counting statistics” is s131_eqn1, where C = contrast; r 2 is the area of a picture element corresponding to the resolution, r; N is the number of electrons incident per unit area of the specimen; f is the fraction of electrons that contribute to formation of the image, relative to the total number of electrons incident upon the object.
The Role of Gallium and Bone Scintigraphy in Disseminated Coccidioidomycosis (1984)

The osseous lesions of disseminated coccidioidomycosis may be detected by bone but not by gallium scintigraphy or vice versa. This case emphasizes the need for performing both bone and gallium scans to avoid missing potentially serious bone lesions.
Kinetic Deuterium Isotope Effects in Glucocorticoid Receptor Activation (1984)

Activation and deactivation of the chick thymus glucocorticoid receptor protein was studied in ordinary and heavy water by DNA-cellulose binding of the tritiated triamcinolone acetonide-receptor complex. Activation was significantly slower in heavy water if it was promoted by incubation at elevated temperature in buffers of low ionic strength. In the presence of 300 mM KC1 or after separation from the low molecular weight cytosol constituents, the complex was activated at the same rate in both solvents. Deactivation (time dependent loss of DNA-binding capacity) was much faster in ordinary than in heavy water regardless of gel filtration or the presence of KC1. A model of receptor activation-deactivation was constructed on the basis of these data that accounts for the observed kinetic deuterium isotope effects and reveals some submolecular details of the process.
Synthesis and Properties of Alkaline Earth-Doped Lanthanum Gallate (1997)

Alkaline earth-doped lanthanum gallate powders were prepared by glycine/nitrate combustion synthesis. Powders synthesized under fuel-rich conditions were subsequently sintered to densities greater than 95% of theoretical. Compositions doped with 0.10–0.20 mol% Sr or Ba on the A-site and 0.15–0.20 mol% Mg on the B-site of the perovskite structure exhibited higher conductivity than yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ). Gallates doped with Ca and Mg had lower conductivities than YSZ. At 800°C, gallate conductivities were 0.10–0.12 S/cm, approx, twice the conductivity of YSZ (0.05 S/cm). The increased conductivity in the gallates was attributable both to a greater oxygen ion mobility and a greater concentration of oxygen ion vacancies relative to YSZ.
Pyrrolyl Pyrazoline Carbaldehydes as Enoyl-ACP Reductase Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis and Antitubercular Activity (2017)

Some compounds were also screened for their mammalian cell toxicity using human lung cancer cell-line (A549) that was found to be nontoxic.
Ca<sup>2+</sup> -specific fluorescence changes in <i>N</i>-dansylaminoethyl-labelled oncomodulin (1985)

Rat oncomodulin (isoelectric point (pI) = 3.9) and homologous carp parvalbumin (pI = 3.95) was labelled at Cys-18 which is located in the AB loop, with the fluorescent reagent N-dansylaziridine. The fluorescence spectrum of the labelled parvalbumin was insensitive to both Mg2+ and Ca2+ binding. In contrast the dansyl fluorescence emission spectrum of labelled oncomodulin was quenched approximately 20% by Ca2+ in the presence of physiological concentrations of Mg2+. Approximately 90% of the Ca2+-induced fluorescence quenching was complete at a Ca2+/dansyl-S-aminoethyloncomodulin ratio of approximately 1. The labelled oncomodulin was insensitive to Mg2+ binding. The present study indicates that oncomodulin, unlike parvalbumin, undergoes a large Ca2+-specific perturbation that can be felt over the entire molecule. In addition this Ca2+-specific perturbation appears to be complete upon occupation of only one metal-binding site.
Association of Maternal Smoking during Pregnancy and Infant Neurobehavioral Status (2006)

The association of maternal smoking during pregnancy with neurobehavioral status was examined in 344 Japanese infants. Based on a questionnaire, their mothers were classified into three groups, Nonsmokers, Exsmokers, and Smokers. The Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale was administered three days after birth. Among the three groups, on the seven clusters and their 28 behavioral subscales there were no significant differences. The infants of Smokers had lower scores than those of Exsmokers and Nonsmokers on two behavioral items, general tone and peak of excitement. General tone remained significant after adjustment for covariates.
Progress in fiber optic reliability and maintainability (2002)

Results from tests of connectors from several manufacturers are presented. Tests included preparation time, insertion loss, thermal shock, humidity cycling, thermal life aging, and durability. Results were generally very promising. Testing was also performed on an improved pot and polish connector which is being used in the AV-8B digital map set. This connector requires approximately 15 min to terminate, an improvement over the 2 h required for the previous connector. The new connector uses an epoxy that is preinstalled in the contact and is thicker than the previous epoxy. This results in reduced termination time, because the epoxy does not have to be mixed and injected into the contact.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Coding Nucleotide Sequence of rat Malic Enzyme mRNA and Tissue Specific Regulation by Thyroid Hormone (1989)

A nearly full length ME cDNA has been obtained and sequenced. The identity has been established by comparison of the translated nucleotide sequence with the amino acid sequence of 7 tryptic peptides from purified ME. Northern analysis with this cDNA shows that ME mRNA consists of two different messages of about 27S and 21S. The size difference between two ME mRNAs (approximately equal to 27S and 21S) is attributed to the differences in the 3' noncoding regions. The relative ratios of the two ME mRNAs differ in various tissues examined (liver, heart, kidney, brain, lung, spleen, and testis). Their regulation by T3 is tissue specific with coordinate stimulation of both mRNAs in liver, heart and kidney, suggesting a single promoter for both mRNAs and no stimulation of either in the other tissues. T3 regulates ME mRNA synthesis via a dual-tissue specific mechanism by increasing the rate of transcription in liver and heart and stabilizing nuclear ME RNA sequences only in liver.
Crystal structure analysis of a pentameric fungal and an icosahedral plant lumazine synthase reveals the structural basis for differences in assembly (1999)

Lumazine synthase catalyzes the penultimate step in the synthesis of riboflavin in plants, fungi, and microorganisms. The enzyme displays two quaternary structures, the pentameric forms in yeast and fungi and the 60-meric icosahedral capsids in plants and bacteria. To elucidate the structural features that might be responsible for differences in assembly, we have determined the crystal structures of lumazine synthase, complexed with the inhibitor 5-nitroso-6-ribitylamino-2,4-pyrimidinedione, from spinach and the fungus Magnaporthe grisea to 3.3 and 3.1 A resolution, respectively. The overall structure of the subunit and the mode of inhibitor binding are very similar in these enzyme species. The core of the subunit consists of a four-stranded parallel beta-sheet sandwiched between two helices on one side and three helices on the other. The packing of the five subunits in the pentameric M. grisea lumazine synthase is very similar to the packing in the pentameric substructures in the icosahedral capsid of the plant enzyme. Two structural features can be correlated to the differences in assembly. In the plant enzyme, the N-terminal beta-strand interacts with the beta-sheet of the adjacent subunit, thus extending the sheet from four to five strands. In fungal lumazine synthase, an insertion of two residues after strand beta1 results in a completely different orientation of this part of the polypeptide chain and this conformational difference prevents proper packing of the subunits at the trimer interface in the icosahedron. In the spinach enzyme, the beta-hairpin connecting helices alpha4 and alpha5 participates in the packing at the trimer interface of the icosahedron. Another insertion of two residues at this position of the polypeptide chain in the fungal enzyme disrupts the hydrogen bonding in the hairpin, and the resulting change in conformation of this loop also interferes with proper intrasubunit contacts at the trimer interface.
The Phox homology (PX) domain, a new player in phosphoinositide signalling (2001)

Phosphoinositides are key regulators of diverse cellular processes. The pleckstrin homology (PH) domain mediates the action of PtdIns(3,4)P(2), PtdIns(4,5)P(2) and PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3), while the FYVE domain relays the pulse of PtdIns3P. The recent establishment that the Phox homology (PX) domain interacts with PtdIns3P and other phosphoinositides suggests another mechanism by which phosphoinositides can regulate/integrate multiple cellular events via a spectrum of PX domain-containing proteins. Together with the recent discovery that the epsin N-terminal homologue (ENTH) domain interacts with PtdIns(4,5)P(2), it is becoming clear that phosphoinositides regulate diverse cellular events through interactions with several distinct structural motifs present in many different proteins.
Passive Robust Fault Detection for Interval LPV Systems using Zonotopes (2009)

In this paper the problem of robust fault detection using an interval observer for dynamic systems characterized by LPV (Linear Parameter Varying) models is presented. The observer face the robustness problem using two complementary strategies. Parametric modeling uncertainties are considered unknown but bounded by intervals. Their effect is addressed using an interval state observation method based on zonotope representation of the set of possible states. The observer gain is designed via pole placement using LMI (Linear Matrix Inequalities) formulation. The method is applied to a LPV representation of a Twin Rotor MIMO System.
Stereochemistry of the Reaction of Benzoin and Related Compounds with the Grignard Reagent<sup>1</sup> (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereochemistry of the Reaction of Benzoin and Related Compounds with the Grignard Reagent1David Y. Curtin, Elbert E. Harris, and Estelle K. MeislichCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 11, 2901–2904Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01131a055https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01131a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views311Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Guselkumab induces robust reduction in acute phase proteins and type 17 effector cytokines in active psoriatic arthritis: results from phase 3 trials (2021)

Guselkumab treatment reduced serum protein levels of acute phase and Th17 effector cytokines and achieved comparable levels to those in HCs. In participants with PsA, reductions of IL-17A and IL-17F were of greater magnitude after treatment with guselkumab than with ustekinumab.
A human monoclonal antibody that specifically binds and inhibits the staphylococcal complement inhibitor protein SCIN (2017)

Staphylococcus aureus is a serious public health burden causing a wide variety of infections. Earlier detection of such infections could result in faster and more directed therapies that also prevent resistance development. Human monoclonal antibodies (humAbs) are promising tools for diagnosis and therapy owing to their relatively straightforward synthesis, long history of safe clinical use and high target specificity. Here we show that the humAb 6D4, which was obtained from a random screen of B-cells producing antibodies that bind to whole cells of S. aureus, targets the staphylococcal complement inhibitor (SCIN). The epitope recognized by 6D4 was localized to residues 26 to 36 in the N-terminus of SCIN, which overlap with the active site. Accordingly, 6D4 can inhibit SCIN activity as demonstrated through the analysis of C3b deposition on S. aureus cells and complement-induced lysis of rabbit erythrocytes. Importantly, while SCIN is generally regarded as a secreted virulence factor, 6D4 allowed detection of strongly increased SCIN binding to S. aureus cells upon exposure to human serum, relating to the known binding of SCIN to C3 convertases deposited on the staphylococcal cell surface. Lastly, we show that labeling of humAb 6D4 with a near-infrared fluorophore allows one-step detection of SCIN-producing S. aureus cells. Together, our findings show that the newly described humAb 6D4 specifically recognizes S. aureus SCIN, which can potentially be used for detection of human serum-incubated S. aureus strains expressing SCIN.
Vibrant reflective structural colors with lossy metals using grating supermode resonances (Conference Presentation) (2020)

This Conference Presentation, "Vibrant reflective structural colors with lossy metals using grating supermode resonances," was recorded at Photonics West 2020 held in San Francisco, California, United States.
Hydrogen abstraction from methane by Li doped MgO: A periodic quantum mechanical study (1996)

The catalytic abstraction of hydrogen from methane on the (001) surface of Li-doped MgO has been studied at the ab initio level within the periodic unrestricted Hartree–Fock approximation. The catalyst is modeled with an infinite slab, periodic in two dimensions and of finite thickness. Active sites for the reaction are surface O− radical ions resulting from coupling with the Li+ dopants; in the periodic model they are regularly distributed upon the surface. At 0 K the energy difference between reactants and products is close to zero, but a potential barrier of 18 kcal/mol is found to reach the transition state. Relaxation of ions in the zone of the Li+/O− couple stabilizes the reaction products, and plays a fundamental role in the energy balance.