gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Linear Modulation Optically Stimulated Luminescence and Thermoluminescence Techniques in Al2O3:C (2002)

An analysis of the linear modulation-OSL (LM-OSL) peak and the main TL peak from irradiated Al2O3:C is presented. Data are presented indicating that the LM-OSL peak is composed of three overlapping components originating from populated traps with optical cross sections of 10(-18) - 10(-20) cm2. Studies of the main TL peak before and after LM-OSL measurement indicate that the first two LM-OSL components, corresponding to traps with the largest optical cross sections, originate from traps which also contribute to the low temperature side of the TL peak and that the third component, corresponding to the traps with smallest optical cross section, are due to traps that contribute to the high temperature side of the TL peak. Some consequences for dosimetry are discussed.
Structure and Function of Human Hemoglobin Covalently Labeled with Periodate-oxidized Adenosine Triphosphate (1989)

Periodate-oxidized adenosine triphosphate (o-ATP), a ribose ring-opened dialdehyde derivative of ATP, reacts specifically with human deoxyhemoglobin to give a single major covalently modified product after reduction with sodium borohydride. This product, designated di-ATP Hb, was isolated using ion-exchange chromatography and shown to have incorporated two molecules of o-ATP/tetramer. Peptide mapping and x-ray crystallography at 2.8-A resolution indicate that a covalent adduct is formed between the ligand and residues Lys-82 EF6 of each beta chain in the organic phosphate-binding site of the molecule. di-ATP Hb exhibits a significantly decreased oxygen affinity (P50 = 20.8 mm Hg versus 5.8 mm Hg control; 50 mM 2-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-2-(hydroxymethyl)-propane-1,3-diol, pH 7.4, 0.1 M C, 20 degrees C). The subunit cooper-activity of di-ATP Hb is also reduced (nmax = 1.9 versus 2.7 control).
An Investigation of the Adsorption of C<sub>5</sub>-C<sub>12</sub> Hydrocarbons in the ppmv and ppbv Ranges on Carbotrap B (2001)

The effects of concentration and temperature on the breakthrough volumes (Vb) of 23 volatile organic compounds on Carbotrap B have been determined using the frontal chromatography method. From the measured Vb, original isotherms have been produced and adsorption parameters based on the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Polyani adsorption models have been calculated. The calculated adsorption parameters describe the behavior of these VOC on Carbotrap B under the experimental conditions and are useful data for VOC sampling applications including adsorption modeling of pumped and diffusive sampling. Each of the adsorption models give similar results and are in good agreement with the experimental data in the ppmv concentration range. It will be shown that contrary to previous assumptions the Langmuir adsorption parameters obtained at ppmv concentrations cannot be used to predict Vb at ppbv concentrations and the calculated parameter mmax does not represent the maximum adsorbent capacity. The Freundlich and Dubinin-Polyani models are shown to be more successful in describing the adsorption behavior of the VOC at ppbv levels where Vb is independent of concentration. The isosteric heats of adsorption (-delta Hst) for some of the compounds have been determined using the Van't Hoff equation which can be used to predict the effect of temperature on Vb.
Three-dimensional nonlinear analyses of scarf repair in composite laminates and sandwich panels (2008)

A special-purpose analysis tool based on the finite element method is presented for parametric design studies of composite laminates and sandwich panels with scarf repairs.This design tool provides the complete three-dimensional stress and strain fields in scarf-repaired panels without any requirements on the nature of the lamination and the type of loading.The adherends are modeled using a plate element based on a higher-order single-layer theory, and the adhesive is modeled using a solid element.The higher-order nature of the plate theory makes it suitable for analyzing thick laminates and sandwich panels comprised of numerous plies.The model takes into account geometric nonlinearity in the adherends and assumes a bilinear stress-strain relationship for the adhesive.The responses of composite laminates with single-and double-sided repairs and sandwich panels with both full and partial repairs of the top face sheets are investigated.
Vinyl polymerization. IV. Influence of dimethylaniline on solution polymerization of vinyl chloride catalyzed by benzoyl peroxide (1955)

Abstract In the solution polymerization of vinyl chloride with benzoyl peroxide, it was found that the initial rate of the polymerization was remarkably increased by adding dimethylaniline, but that conversion became constant at lower conversion. It was observed that when the rate became constant the benzoyl peroxide was completely decomposed and the reaction could be reinduced by adding more benzoyl peroxide. On the basis of these results, it seems possible that the polymerization is instituted by the benzoate radical and not by the dimethylaniline radical as suggested by Horner. The benzoate radical is produced through the reaction of dimethylaniline with benzoyl peroxide. In view of such considerations, we postulate a reaction mechanism for the polymerization of vinyl chloride.
Mechanism of benzo(a)pyrene induction of alpha-human chorionic gonadotropin gene expression in human lung tumor cells. (1985)

Human lung cells (ChaGo) derived from a bronchogenic carcinoma synthesize and secrete in the culture medium the alpha subunit of the glycoprotein hormone, human chorionic gonadotropin (alpha-hCG). The synthesis of alpha-hCG by ChaGo cells could be further stimulated by treatment with sublethal concentrations of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), or dimethylbenzanthracene. The production of alpha-hCG could be correlated to the levels of alpha-hCG-specific mRNA sequences in control and PAH-treated cells. Further analysis of the RNA species (Northern blot) revealed that the level of the mature (approximately 1.0 kb) and the high molecular weight alpha-hCG specific nuclear RNA sequences (approximately 2.2 and 5 kb) were all greater in PAH-treated cells. Addition of [3H]BaP (0.25 microgram/ml) in the culture medium of ChaGo cells led to immediate uptake of the radioactive compound apparently by simple diffusion. SDS PAGE and subsequent fluorography revealed that the radioactive compound interacted and formed covalent complexes with cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins. This covalent interaction of the [3H]BaP molecule with cellular proteins could be significantly inhibited by either inhibiting the activity of the enzyme aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase with 7,8-benzoflavone or by reducing the cellular concentration of the enzyme by simultaneous incubation with cycloheximide. These results suggested that in ChaGo cells, the observed covalent complexes were formed by the interaction of the BaP metabolites with cellular proteins. The concentrations at which 7,8-benzoflavone or cycloheximide inhibited formation of metabolites from [3H]BaP and their covalent interaction with cell protein did not affect the BaP-induced stimulation of alpha-hCG gene expression. However, the cytotoxic effects of BaP in ChaGo cells seemed to be exerted by the metabolism of the compounds. Results presented in this report suggest that BaP metabolism and the interaction of the metabolites with cell proteins were not essential for the BaP-induced modulation of alpha-hCG gene expression.
Kalman filtering for power estimation in mobile communications (2003)

In wireless cellular communications, accurate local mean (shadow) power estimation performed at a mobile station is important for use in power control, handoff, and adaptive transmission. Window-based weighted sample average shadow power estimators are commonly used due to their simplicity. In practice, the performance of these estimators degrades severely when the window size deviates beyond a certain range. The optimal window size for window-based estimators is hard to determine and track in practice due to the continuously changing fading environment. Based on a first-order autoregressive model of the shadow process, we propose a scalar Kalman-filter-based approach for improved local mean power estimation, with only slightly increased computational complexity. Our analysis and experiments show promising results.
Opportunity, Housing Access, and Infrastructure (2017)

Movement to jobs in growing regions has traditionally been the way out of poverty for generations, but geographical mobility has declined dramatically in the United States. Overall, annual mobility...
Renal Tubular Dysfunction Associated With Tenofovir Therapy (2004)

We describe 7 cases of renal tubular injury in HIV-infected patients receiving an antiretroviral regimen containing tenofovir. Our patients (5 women and 2 men) developed renal tubular dysfunction, with hypophosphatemia, normoglycemic glycosuria, proteinuria, and decrease of creatinine clearance. The first biologic signs of renal toxicity were observed after duration of tenofovir treatment from 5 weeks to 16 months, and they resolved less than 4 months after discontinuation of tenofovir. Six patients had a low body weight (<60 kg). Five patients received low doses of ritonavir, and 1 received didanosine. In 5 patients, the signs resolved with the discontinuation of only the tenofovir. A renal biopsy performed in 1 patient was consistent with tubulointerstitial injury. Proximal tubulopathy appears to be a rare adverse effect of long-term tenofovir therapy. In patients with low weight or mild preexisting renal impairment, regular monitoring of tubulopathy markers could lead to early detection of this dysfunction.
Accumulation of Physical Activity (2007)

The accumulation of physical activity (PA), a treatment for both prehypertension and hypertension, has been reported to effectively reduce blood pressure (BP). Yet, the BP response among several short sessions within the accumulation of PA has not been examined in the treatment for prehypertension. PURPOSE: 1) to investigate the BP reduction during the rest periods following each successive short session within the accumulation of PA over a three-hour period in adults with prehypertension; and 2) to observe sympathetic modulation as a possible mechanism for BP reduction during the rest periods following each short session. It was hypothesized 1) the systolic and diastolic BPs following each successive short PA session would be lower than the BP of previous sessions in adults with prehypertension, and 2) the sympathetic modulation, measured by power spectral analysis of the heart rate variability (HRV), would be different following each successive short PA session. METHODS: Adults with prehypertension (n=21) participated in the study. BP, using ambulatory monitoring, and sympathetic modulation via HRV, using Holter monitoring were measured during a baseline and the rest periods following three short PA sessions (3x10-minute treadmill walks at 50% of VO2peak; 50 minutes apart). Sympathetic modulation was reported as normalized low-frequency, high-frequency powers and the ratio of low to high frequency power of HRV. Variables of BP and HRV were averaged for the baseline period and for the rest periods following each short session. One-way ANOVA with repeated measures was used to test the differences over time in the BP and HRV (p<0.05). Tukey test was used for post-hoc comparison. RESULTS: A significant main effect was found in systolic BP (p=0.039) while none was found in diastolic BP. Systolic BP was significantly decreased (−4.0 ±1.7 mm Hg) following the third short session compared to baseline. No significance was found in any of the sympathetic modulation variables. CONCLUSION: Successive walking sessions presented additive effects on systolic BP reduction while they did not affect either diastolic BP or sympathetic modulation in prehypertension.
Huntington's disease testing: what and what not to tell. (1990)

Huntington's disease testing: what and what not to teli Millan et al' may be getting on to somewhat of a slippery slope in imagining that they might 'leak' good news about the patient at risk, but withhold bad news, that they happen upon in prenatal exclusion studies for Huntington's disease.In the case of good news, the couple are getting a bonus beyond what they had expected.Great for them: but others in the same boat, through informal and formal Huntington family links, might well get to learn about their happy situa- tion.Those who don't get, or hadn't previously got, good news-and whose 'contract' had been just for testing for prenatal exclusion-may well draw an unfortunate conclusion about their own status.The moral of the story is that, for the greater good, explicit contracts should be made and they should be stuck to.
Use of Mitogens for the Functional Characterization of Human Lymphocyte Subpopulations (1976)

Abstract. The paper describes the use of mitogens for the functional characterization of human lymphocyte subpopulations with special reference to the activation of human B lymphocytes by antibodies to β 2 microglobulin.
Computer-aided method for quantification of cartilage thickness and volume changes using mri: validation study using a synthetic model (2003)

The primary objective of this study was to develop a computer-aided method for the quantification of three-dimensional (3-D) cartilage changes over time in knees with osteoarthritis (OA). We introduced a local coordinate system (LCS) for the femoral and tibial cartilage boundaries that provides a standardized representation of cartilage geometry, thickness, and volume. The LCS can be registered in different data sets from the same patient so that results can be directly compared. Cartilage boundaries are segmented from 3-D magnetic resonance (MR) slices with a semi-automated method and transformed into offset-maps , defined by the LCS. Volumes and thickness are computed from these offset-maps. Further anatomical labeling allows focal volumes to be evaluated in predefined subregions. The accuracy of the automated behavior of the method was assessed, without any human intervention, using realistic, synthetic 3-D MR images of a human knee. The error in thickness evaluation is lower than 0.12 mm for the tibia and femur. Cartilage volumes in anatomical subregions show a coefficient of variation ranging from 0.11% to 0.32%. This method improves noninvasive 3-D analysis of cartilage thickness and volume and is well suited for in vivo follow-up clinical studies of OA knees.
EyeGuardian (2012)

Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) is a common problem in the "Information Age", and it is becoming more serious as mobile devices (e.g. smartphones and tablet PCs) with small, low-resolution screens are outnumbering the home computers. The simplest way to avoid CVS is to blink frequently. However, most people do not realize that they blink less and some do not blink at all in front of the screen. In this paper, we present a mobile application that keeps track of the reader's blink rate and prods the user to blink if an exceptionally low blink rate is detected. The proposed eye detection and tracking algorithm is designed for mobile devices and can keep track of the eyes in spite of camera motion. The main idea is to predict the eye position in the camera frame using the feedback from the built-in accelerometer. The eye tracking system was built on a commercial Tablet PC. The experimental results consistently show that the scheme can withstand very aggressive mobility scenarios.
An efficient algorithm for solving inverse source problems using time domain TLM (2010)

We present a novel numerical approach for solving inverse source problems using time domain TLM. Our algorithm reconstructs the unknown excitation sources in the time domain using the observed field outside the source region. In this work, we apply our algorithm to thin source regions consisting only of boundary cells. The source reconstruction for this case is always unique and does not require any regularization procedures.
An on-chip ECC circuit for correcting soft errors in DRAMs with trench capacitors (1992)

A modified error-correcting code that can correct up to two soft errors on each row (word line) in a dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) chip is proposed. Double-bit soft errors frequently occur in DRAM cells with trench capacitors, when charged alpha particles impinge on the intervening space between two vertical capacitors causing plasma shorts between them. The conventional on-chip error-correcting codes (ECCs) cannot correct such double-bit word-line soft errors, which significantly increase the uncorrectable error rate (UER). An ECC circuit that uses an augmented rectangular product code to detect and correct double-bit soft errors is presented. The proposed circuit automatically corrects the addressed bit if it is faulty, and then quickly locates the other faulty bit. A comprehensive study is made to estimate improvements in soft error rate (SER) and mean time to failure (MTTF). The ability of the circuit to correct soft errors in the presence of multiple-bit errors has also been analyzed by combinatorial enumeration.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Design and Analysis of Mixing for an Aeration Tank (1967)

The kinetics of substrate removal for the activated sludge process were examined for the axial dispersed plug flow model. By use of a laboratory aeration tank various other models were studied to determine their applicability. Several methods of fitting the experimental response curves to the theoretical curves were examined and a simplified technique presented for the dispersion model. This technique was used to study the effects of temperature, detention time, and air-flow on mixing. A full-scale prototype tank was compared to the laboratory results and a relationship developed between their axial dispersion coefficients. The possible occurrence of short-circuiting through the stagnant-core was studied. The use of the various equations and figures for design is presented in a worked example.
Minimally invasive parathyroidectomy under local anesthesia: patient satisfaction and overall outcome. (2010)

MIPULA confers significantly shorter operative time and hospital stay with no significant difference in subjective postoperative pain, patient satisfaction, overall outcome, or cure rate when compared to MIPUGA. Provided that appropriate preoperative localization and surgical experience are present, MIPULA can be offered to patients as a safe and reasonable alternative to MIPUGA.
Ein Dosismeßgerät für radioaktive Isotope (1972)

Es wird ein Dosismeßgerät beschrieben, das als Detektor eine Ionisationskammer verwendet. Mit diesem Gerät kann sowohl die Gesamtaktivität einer Probe als auch das Volumen einer radioaktiven Lösung bestimmt werden, das dem Patienten für eine vorgegebene Aktivität verabfolgt werden muß. Zwei Methoden werden beschrieben, die eine solche Bestimmung erlauben.
Motor function of gallbladder before and after portal azygous disconnection (2004)

Objective To demonstrate the function of vagus in Oddi's sphincter (SO) motility.Methods 99m Tc EHIDA hepatobiliary dynamic imaging method was used to detect the time activity curve of bowel in 23 patients before and after operation.The radiocounting being injected 99m Tc EHIDA 30 min later (BORC 30 min),latent period (BOLP),the period of radiocounting that rapidly increases after fat meal (BOEP min),radiocounting increment within BOEP (BOEI),radiocounting increment rate within BOEP (BOER) were analyzed.Results In Hassab group,BORC 30 min after operation was increased obviously as compared with that before operation (6?159.4± 1?751.3 vs 4?257.8± 2?423.9, P 0.01); BOLP was prolonged obviously (13.86± 5.13 vs 2.28± 1.65, P 0.01); There was no significant difference in BOEP,BOEI,BOER before and after operation.In Vena coronaria ventriculi embolization group,There was no significant difference in all parameters before and after operation.Conclusion Human vagus nerve play an important role in adjusting the function of SO motility.The vagus nerve disconnection could decrease the tension of SO in interdigestive phase and delay SO relaxation after meal,but had no obvious effect on the relaxation degree of SO.
Mineral–Water Interface Structure of Xenotime (YPO<sub>4</sub>) {100} (2018)

Crystal truncation rod (CTR) measurements and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to determine the atomic structure of the mineral–water interface of the {100} surface of xenotime (nominally YPO4). This mineral is important, because it incorporates a variety of rare earth elements (REEs) in its crystal structure. REEs are critical materials necessary for a variety of renewable and energy efficient technologies. Current beneficiation techniques are not highly selective for REE ore minerals, and large amounts go to waste; this is a first step toward designing more efficient beneficiation. Evidence is found for minor relaxation of the surface within the topmost monolayer with little or no relaxation in subsurface layers. Justification for ordered water at the interface is found, where water binds to surface cations and donates hydrogen bonds to surface phosphates. The average bond lengths between cations and oxygens on water are 228 pm in the best fit to the CTR data, versus 243 and 251 pm for the DFT. No agreement on water positions bound to surface phosphates is obtained. Overall, the findings suggest that ligands used in beneficiation with a single anionic headgroup, such as fatty acids, will have limited selectivity for xenotime relative to undesirable minerals.
High-Performance Image Reconstruction (HPIR) in Three Dimensions (2010)

Commonly used in medical imaging for diagnostic purposes, in luggage scanning, as well as in industrial non-destructive testing applications, Computed Tomography (CT) is an imaging technique that provides cross sections of an object from measurements taken from different angular positions around the object. CT, also referred to as Image Reconstruction (IR), is known to be a very compute-intensive problem. In its simplest form, the computational load is a function of O(M × N3), where M represents the number of measurements taken around the object and N is the dimension of the object. Furthermore, research institutes report that the increase in processing power required by CT is consistently above Moore‘s Law. On the other hand, the changing work flow in hospital requires obtaining CT images faster with better quality from lower dose. In some cases, real time is needed. High Performance Image Reconstruction (HPIR) has to be used to match the performance requirements involved by the use of modern CT reconstruction algorithms in hospitals. Traditionally, this problem had been solved by the design of specific hardware. Nowadays, the evolution of technology makes it possible to use Components of the Shelf (COTS). Typical HPIR platforms can be built around multicore processors such as the Cell Broadband Engine (CBE), General-Purpose Graphics Processing Units (GPGPU) or Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA). These platforms exhibit different level in the parallelism required to implement CT reconstruction algorithms. They also have different properties in the way the computation can be carried out, potentially requiring drastic changes in the way an algorithm can be implemented. Furthermore, because of their COTS nature, it is not always easy to take the best advantages of a given platform and compromises have to be made. Finally, a fully fleshed reconstruction platform also includes the data acquisition interface as well as the vizualisation of the reconstructed slices. These parts are the area of excellence of FPGAs and GPGPUs. However, more often then not, the processing power available in those units exceeds the requirement of a given pipeline and the remaining real estate and processing power can be used for the core of the reconstruction pipeline. Indeed, several design options can be considered for a given algorithm with yet another set of compromises.