gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antigenic Diversity of the Hepatitis B Virus Capsid (2005)

Antibodies to the capsid (cAg, core antigen) of HBV play a central role in the immune response to this virus. Since most anti-cAg antibodies recognize conformational epitopes, ruling out characterization by immunochemical methods, we have approached the problem by cryo-EM and image reconstruction of Fab-decorated capsids, combined with molecular modelling. Recently, we characterized the epitopes for two anti-cAg monoclonals (mAb 88, mAb 842). Both Fabs engage sites on the protruding capsid spikes, but they differ in binding orientation and are distinct. Occupancies of symmetry-related potential binding sites are unequal, reflecting prefererential binding to certain quasiequivalent variants. Despite steric interference, it was possible to identify both epitopes. The epitope for IgG mAb 88, residues 77–87, consists of an alpha-helix on one of the polypeptide chains within the dimeric spike. That of IgM mAb 842, also conformational, consists of loops and helical regions on both polypeptide chains, residues 74–78 and 78–83 and duplicates a previously characterized epitope. To date, six epitopes have been characterized, one being linear and five conformational. Although accessible sites are limited to two small regions of the capsid surface, combinations of a small set of motifs generate substantial antigenic diversity. We estimate the total number of distinct epitopes to be about 20. from 2005 International Meeting of The Institute of Human Virology Baltimore, USA, 29 August – 2 September 2005
Electrokinetic Power Generation via Streaming Potentials in Microchannels: A Mobile-Ion-Drain Method to Increase Streaming Potentials (2006)

We show, by natural occurring phenomena of charge separation near the solid-liquid interface in microchannels, that electricity can be generated by forcing water through a ceramic rod with no moving part and emission. A single hand push on a syringe is our source of power which easily generates a streaming potential of over 20 V and 30 µA. By means of streaming potentials, two capacitors were charged and discharged alternatively to light-up two Light-Emitting-Diodes in every ten seconds. From our specific choice of liquid/solid pair, an efficiency of 0.8% was obtained. A mobile-ion-drain method is also demonstrated to increase the streaming potential.
Charge carrier generation in a conjugated polymer studied via ultrafast pump-push-probe experiments (2002)

Summary form only given. Conjugated polymers find rapidly growing application in electroluminescent displays and are extensively studied for use in photovoltaics and laser diodes. For a wide range of conjugated materials ultrafast pump-probe experiments have revealed the excited state dynamics of singlet and triplet excitons as well as positively and negatively charged polarons. Charge carriers play a key role in all the above mentioned applications. However, there is yet no clear picture of the mechanisms which lead to their generation.Photocurrent excitation cross-correlation measurement. on methyl-substituted ladder-type poly(para)phenyl (m-LPPP), a prototypical conjugated polymer with very appealing properties for the above mentioned applications, have suggested that charge carrier generation occurs preferentially from higher lying states during energy migration. Our approach to examining this mechanism consists of an innovative modification of the ultrafast time-resolved pump-probe technique.
THE EFFECTS OF BENZYLAMINOPURINE AND CHLORFLURENOL ON SEEDLING MORPHOLOGY OF FOUR CONIFER SPECIES (1990)

Benzylaminopurine and chlorflurenol were applied to 2-1 nursery stock of Scots pine and ponderosa pine and 2-0 nursery stock Colorado blue spruce and Black Hills spruce to determine if crown morphology was influenced by varying combinations of the two plant growth regulators. Four levels of benzylaminopurine, 0, 250, 750 and 1250 ppm, and two chlorflurenol levels, 0 and 1% (v/v) were tested. Morphological response to treatments was significantly enhanced when treatments were applied to open, elongating buds. Benzylaminopurine significantly increased bud and shoot formation, while chlorflurenol significantly reduced height and increased branch length at species dependent concentrations. The two plant growth regulators lacked positive synergistic effects.
Long-Term Results of Excimer Laser Photorefractive Keratectomy in High Myopia: A Preliminary Report (1998)

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the results of 193-nm excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) performed on highly myopic eyes with a follow-up of at least 2 years. * PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty-three eyes of 41 patients were treated with a myopic PRK for an attempted correction ranging between -8 and -17 D (mean -10.9 ± 2.8 SD). * RESULTS: The follow-up ranged from 24 to 60 months (mean 34.1 months ±10 SD). Fifty-three percent of the eyes achieved a refraction within ± 2 D of the planned correction, with a refractive error greater than 4 D in 21% of the treated eyes. The uncorrected visual acuity was 20/40 or better in 45% of the eyes. There were no significant opacities in 85% of the eyes examined. A second treatment was performed on 5 eyes. * CONCLUSION: The results suggest that excimer laser PRK is a safe and relatively effective alternative for treating highly myopic eyes, and its effects are stable over a long period of time. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1998;29:490-496.]
Standard and target driven AR-vector models for speech analysis and speaker recognition (1992)

Theoretical aspects and practical applications are reported of two variants of the AR-vector modeling technique: the standard AR-vector model and the target driven (or multistep excited) AR-vector model. The standard version supposes a white excitation, while the target driven model assumes a piecewise constant input. The standard AR-vector model turns out to be extremely efficient for speaker recognition, since, for a set of 420 different speakers, the recognition score ranges from 93% to 100%, depending on the duration of the test speech sample. The target driven AR-vector model shows very interesting properties for speech analysis and segmentation. There exists a strong correspondence between the steps in the input function and the underlying phonetic content of speech. Moreover, under some normalization, the values of the steps can be interpreted as acoustic targets.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return with Intact Atrial Septum (1992)

Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection in association with an intact atrial septum is uncommonly encountered in adults. Symptoms may result if the single anomalously draining vein results in elevation of right‐sided heart pressures, enlargement of these chambers, and pulmonary hypertension. The condition is clinically indistinguishable from an atrial septal defect of the ostium secundum type and often requires cardiac catheterization with oximetry, selective dye dilution curves, and angiography of the pulmonary veins for diagnosis. Correction of the abnormality surgically is associated with mini‐mum morbidity and mortality, and often results in the complete resolution of symptoms and signs of right‐sided hemodynamic overload.
<title>Next-generation electroceramic fibers for active control</title> (2002)

Lead-based PMN-31PT and lead-free BNBZT fibers in the 250- 500 micrometer diameter range were produced using CeraNova's proprietary extrusion technology. Various recrystallization approaches were investigated, including seeded solid state conversion and self-seeded texturing, with the goal of obtaining single-crystalline or textured macrocrystalline fibers. Grains in excess of 100 micrometers - and exceeding 1 mm in some cases - with surface and bulk coverage approaching 100 percent, were obtained in a narrow temperature range and under carefully controlled atmosphere conditions. Large grain growth in BNBZT required the presence of BaSrTiO<SUB>3</SUB> or SrTiO<SUB>3</SUB> seeds and temperatures in the 1150-1200 degrees C range. In PMN-31PT, nearly compete recrystalline was observed in unseeded material at relatively low temperature and short time, and improved performance was achieved with a two-step sintering schedule and slightly extended time. While conduction effects have not yet allowed compete assessment of recrystalline BNBZT, PMN-31PT fibers have shown excellent piezoelectric properties with remanent polarization in excess of 30(mu) C/cm<SUP>2</SUP> and coercive field of 4.5kV/cm. When incorporated into active fiber composites, the latter fibers' performance of 2000 microstrain in superior to average PZT-based production composites. Efforts are under way to induce preferred orientation in the large crystal in order to maximize performance.
Alternate Stages of Pad Fluid and Acid Provide Improved Leakoff Control for Fracture Acidizing (1976)

American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers, Inc. Abstract Improvements in leakoff control in deep penetrating fractures have been accomplished penetrating fractures have been accomplished by the use of viscous, nonreactive fluids and viscous, non-reactive fluids containing fine sand when used in alternate stages with acid. Macro examination of hairline fracture vugs and large pores and examination under the scanning electron microscope coupled with laboratory fluid loss data explain how the pad fluid and pad fluid containing fine sand can control fluid leakoff. Another facet of this investigation has been a study and analysis of pressure variations during fracture treatments. This contributes further evidence of the influence of a leakoff control mechanism. These data, although possibly subject to different interpretation, can be shown to confirm the premise of leakoff control by inert pads sandwiched between stages of acid while acid fracturing. Introduction Many improvements have been made in acidizing since the first commercial acid job in 1932. One of the most important advances has been the recognition that fracturing was occurring in the majority of acidizing treatments. Injection rates of most early acidizing treatments were high enough to cause fracturing, but this was called "breaking down" the formation. It was recognized that a "breakdown" had to occur if the job was going to be a success. Since acidizing is now recognized as a fracturing process, the use of fracturing principles are being used to increase live principles are being used to increase live acid penetration into the rock. Although use of these principles has improved treatment design, the actual results obtained by fracture acidizing carbonate formations have not matched the increases predicted by computerized design programs. Much research has been directed programs. Much research has been directed toward reducing the difference between actual and predicted results. Some of the approaches taken have included:Acid retardation.Increased acid concentration.Increased injection rates.Increased fracture width to decrease area-volume ratio.Improved matrix leakoff control.Increased pad volumes.
Nested Variational Compression in Deep Gaussian Processes (2014)

Deep Gaussian processes provide a flexible approach to probabilistic modelling of data using either supervised or unsupervised learning. For tractable inference approximations to the marginal likelihood of the model must be made. The original approach to approximate inference in these models used variational compression to allow for approximate variational marginalization of the hidden variables leading to a lower bound on the marginal likelihood of the model [Damianou and Lawrence, 2013]. In this paper we extend this idea with a nested variational compression. The resulting lower bound on the likelihood can be easily parallelized or adapted for stochastic variational inference.
SOL-GEL DERIVED NANOCRYSTALLINE CE0.45ZR0.45LA0.10O2-δ/PT AND CE0.9SM0.1O2-δ/PT SOFC ANODES: THE PECULIARITIES OF THE CATALYTIC PERFORMANCE (2007)

The present work focused on the evaluation of electro-catalytic activity in a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) type reactor of nano-crystalline Ce0 45Zr0 45La0 j02 g and Ce0 9Sm0 j02 g samples, prepared via inorganic sol-gel method, and their characterization. Structural peculiarities of samples were investigated by means of ТЕМ, XRD, EDXA and EPR methods. It seems that the colloidal transition results in the loose cubic Cej xMx02 (M = Zr, Sm, La) fluorite-type solid solution structure with higher concentration of structural defects [Ce3+-Fo]. A isolated oxygen vacancies arrangement caused the increasing in oxygen transport. The presence of La(III) enables to retain the cubic fluorite structure of the nano-scale particles up to 1200 °C. The morphotropic phase transformation combined with strong metal-support interactions seems to be responsible for the attractive catalytic activity of Ce0 45Zr0 45La0 10O2 5-based anodes towards partial oxidation of CH4.
Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) at High Magnetic Fields (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Historical Aspects (Metals, Solids and Liquids) at Lower Magnetic Fields Theory Hardware (High-Frequency Microwave Equipment, SS-MAS DNP, HF-Liquid DNP, Dissolution DNP, Shuttle-DNP) First Applications and Outlook Acknowledgments Pertinent Literature References
Electrochemical oxidation of adenine on graphene-platinum nanoparticles modified electrode (2013)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation C. Berghian-Grosan, A. R. Biris, S. Pruneanu, M. D. Lazar, F. Pogacean, F. Watanabe, A. S. Biris; Electrochemical oxidation of adenine on graphene-platinum nanoparticles modified electrode. AIP Conference Proceedings 13 November 2013; 1565 (1): 219–223. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4833731 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Signal Processing Using Wavelet Transforms (1995)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text C. DeCusatis and P. Das, "Signal Processing Using Wavelet Transforms," Optics & Photonics News 6(12), 39-40 (1995) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Effect of sex on the development of melanoma in hybrid fish of the Genus Xiphophorus. (1971)

Summary The effect of sex on the development of melanoma in F1 fish produced by reciprocal artificial inseminations between the platyfish, Xiphophorus maculatus (Guenther) from the Rio Jamapa (strain 163A), and the swordtail, Xiphophorus helleri strigatus (Regan) from the Rio Sarabia (pedigree 1678), was studied. By 300 days after birth, all F1 fish were sexually mature with a significantly higher percentage of males produced from the crosses where the female parents were platyfish than from the reciprocal crosses. A significantly higher frequency of melanoma was observed in mature F1, spotted dorsal, male fish than in females, regardless of the cross. The rate of melanotic development was faster in broods of the cross that eventually contained mostly male fish. This difference became apparent at a time which corresponded to the initiation of testicular and androgen function. It therefore was concluded that the development of melanoma in fish hybrids is enhanced in males and that this effect probably reflects an augmentation of the melanotic process by the male sex hormones. The similarity of this effect in certain mammalian neoplasms with a genetic basis was discussed.
Blood compatibility of particulate carriers investigated by cell electrophoresis and particle electrophoresis: A preliminary report (2000)

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and dextran were covalently coupled, or only adsorbed, to the surface of three kinds of inorganic particles in order to shield their surface and reduce their nonspecific binding to red blood cells. Surface modification as well as interaction of particles with red blood cells was followed up by particle electrophoresis. This allowed a quick evaluation of the efficiency of polymer coupling. Moreover, the nonspecific binding of particles to red blood cells was easily investigated with cell electrophoresis, showing the inhibitory effect of immobilized PEG-5000 or dextran. The electrophoretic mobility analysis presented here may be used for screening blood compatibility of particulate drug carriers and could be helpful in formulating long-living circulating particles.
EGF receptor and p185<sup>erbB‐2</sup>‐specific single‐chain antibody toxins differ in their cell‐killing activity on tumor cells expressing both receptor proteins (1995)

Many human tumors over-express erbB-2 and EGF receptors. The membrane localization of these receptor tyrosine kinases make them appropriate targets for directed tumor therapy. We have used recombinant DNA technology to produce single-chain antibody exotoxin A (scFv-ETA) fusion proteins which specifically bind the erbB-2 and EGF receptors. The scFv portion is composed of the heavy- and light-chain variable domains of monoclonal antibodies which recognize the extracellular portion of each receptor. We have previously described the anti-tumor activity of the bacterially produced scFv(FRP5)-ETA directed to the erbB-2 receptor. In this paper we describe the characteristics of scFv(225)-ETA, a protein which binds the EGF receptor. The bacterially produced recombinant protein binds to the receptor with high affinity and inhibits the in vitro growth of the EGF receptor over-expressing tumor cell lines A431 and MDA-MB468. Combination treatment with scFv-(FRP5)-ETA and scFv(225)-ETA led to an additive inhibitory effect on the in vitro growth of A431 cells. SKBR3 cells expressing low levels of EGF receptor but high levels of p185erbB-2 were not affected by scFv(225)-ETA treatment but were sensitive to scFv(FRP5)-ETA. Stimulation of SKBR3 cells and HCII RI#11 mouse mammary epithelial cells expressing the human erbB-2 with EGF led to an increase in scFv(FRP5)-ETA activity, showing that the EGF-induced activation of erbB-2 can potentiate the action of the erbB-2-directed toxin. Treatment of athymic nude mice with scFv(FRP5)-ETA and the combination of both scFv-ETA proteins led to the transient arrest of growth of established A431 tumors. scFv(225)-ETA treatment alone was the most effective, leading to tumor shrinkage during the course of treatment, whereas treatment with the parental monoclonal antibody 225 led to retarded tumor growth.
Stability, reliability, upscaling and possible technological applications of kesterite solar cells (2020)

Abstract We review the stability and reliability results of kesterite (Cu 2 ZnSn(S,Se) 4 , CZTSSe)-based solar cells and we complete the reviewed data with additional as yet unpublished data on these matters. We also review published and new data on upscaling and the possible technological applications for this material. Kesterite material is composed of mainly earth-abundant elements and is therefore very attractive for large-scale applications. Stability data are so far quite scarce and the main results are the accelerated aging tests carried out for CZTSSe monograin technology, as well as yet unpublished data on long indoor and outdoor irradiance tests carried out on thin-film CZTSSe technology deposited by a wet processing method. On upscaling and technological applications we point out the works on three main large-scale photovoltaic technologies (monograin, in-line vacuum thin film, and wet-deposited thin film), as well as some work on water-splitting applications.
Damage quantification using attenuation based signal processing for health monitoring in carbon fiber composites (2008)

Carbon-fiber composites will increasingly be used in next generation air transportation vehicles. Therefore, it is critical to develop state awareness models that can accurately capture the damage states and predict remaining useful life based on current and future loading conditions. In the current research, a structural health monitoring (SHM) and prognosis framework is being developed for heterogeneous material systems. The objective of this paper is to present some of the experimental components of this work. In the experiments preformed, the use of a pitch catch method using piezoelectric transducers for both the actuator and sensor were employed for collecting information on the damage status. The focus of this work is to quantify damage within the sample by relating parameters in the sensor signal to damage intensity. Good correlation has been observed in several tests between damage level and wave attenuation. These results are confirmed using off-the-shelf NDE techniques.
Torque: an appraisal of misuse of terminology in chiropractic literature and technique. (1996)

We believe that the term torque is misused in chiropractic literature. This misuse has been perpetuated in chiropractic college courses, student clinic examinations and state and national board examinations. We strongly suggest that references to the term torque that are not biomechanically correct must be removed from all such sources.
<i>meso</i>‐Aryl Phenanthroporphyrins: Synthesis and Spectroscopic Properties (2011)

The successful synthesis of tetraphenyltetraphenanthroporphyrin (TPTPhenP; 5a) in 2006 under modified Rothemund-Lindsey conditions yielded a tetraphenyl porphyrinoid with a B band redshifted to an unprecedented 576 nm. Radially symmetric fused-ring expansion of tetraphenylporphyrin with phenanthrene moieties results in very deep saddling due to steric crowding and very marked redshifts of the Q and B (or Soret) porphyrinoid absorption bands. The extent to which the TPTPhenP structure can be further modified is explored, and the optical properties of TPTPhenPs are analyzed based on a perimeter model approach that makes use of time-dependent DFT calculations and magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy and also based on a detailed analysis of the fluorescence emission. Attempts to introduce substituents at the ortho and meta positions of the meso-phenyl groups and to insert a central metal proved unsuccessful. The synthesis of a series of TPTPhenPs with strong electron-withdrawing (-CN, -NO(2)) and -donating (-CH(3), -N(CH(3))(2)) substituents at the para positions of the meso-phenyl rings is reported. Marked redshifts of the main spectral bands were consistently observed. The most pronounced spectral changes were observed with -N(CH(3))(2) groups (5i) due to a marked destabilization of the HOMO, which has large MO coefficients on the meso-carbon atoms. Protonation of 5i at both the ligand core and at the -N(CH(3))(2) groups resulted in unprecedented Q(00) band absorption at wavelengths greater than 1200 nm.
Class 1 bluetooth power amplifier with 24 dBm output power and 48% PAE at 2.4 GHz in 0.25 µm CMOS (2001)

In this paper, we report an RF power amplifier design in digital CMOS technology for the Class 1 power level specification (20 dBm) in the Bluetooth Communications standard. We have also investigated hot carrier effects under large signal RF operation of the power amplifier. The two stage circuit, designed in 0.25 µn CMOS technology, utilizes a high-density ring capacitor structure for interstage matching. In a chip-on-board configuration tested at 2.4 GHz, this CMOS power amplifier delivers an output power of 24 dBm with 48% PAE at a supply voltage of 2.5V.