gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Robust Linear Prediction in Finite Populations (1983)

Carlos Alberto de Bragança Pereira, Josemar Rodrigues, Robust Linear Prediction in Finite Populations, International Statistical Review / Revue Internationale de Statistique, Vol. 51, No. 3 (Dec., 1983), pp. 293-300
Towards a TIP 3.0 service-oriented architecture: Interaction design. (2005)

This paper describes our experience when applying formal methods in the design of the tourist information system TIP, which presents context-sensitive information to mobile users with small screen devices. The dynamics of this system are very complex and pose several challenges, firstly because of the sophisticated interaction of several applications on a small screen device and the user, and secondly because of the need for communication with highly asynchronous event-based information systems. UML sequence diagrams have been used to capture the requirements and possible interactions of the system. In a second step, a formal model has been created using discrete event systems, in order to thoroughly understand and analyse the dynamics of the system. By verifying general properties of the formal model, several conceptual difficulties have been revealed in very early stages of the design process, considerably speeding up the development. This work shows the limitations of typical methods for interaction design when applied to mobile systems using small screen devices and proposes an alternative approach using discrete event systems. 1
NUMERICAL MODELLING OF WOOD PARTICLE PYROLYSIS (2009)

This article provides a description of the modelling and simulation of the pyrolysis process of a small wood cylinder of 5.4mm height and diameter in a heating chamber containing nitrogen gas. The model considers forced and free convection inside and outside the particle. Convective, conductive and radiative heat transfer modes are included in this approach. The conversion from wood to char, tar and pyrolysis gas is modelled using a two-step reaction scheme. This approach offers a novel analysis advantage by involving simultaneously the particle and the surrounding atmosphere. This allows for a realistic prediction of the strong coupling between the inside and the outside of the particle. Earlier numerical works on pyrolysis of wood particles are generally considering the surrounding gas through the boundary conditions of the particle. Numerical results are successfully compared with measurements of the particle surface temperature profiles and the mass depletion rate at quiescent external flow. The influence of free and forced convection (0 ≤ ReD ≤ 135) on the overall pyrolysis time is investigated and a Nusselt number correlation is proposed. Based upon the results of the present investigation, a Nusselt number correlation accounting for the pyrolysis effects is proposed. The pyrolysis gas plumes can reach 0.1 m s−1. This is the same magnitude as the wood particles slip velocity in industrial applications. This reveals that in complex process situations as gasification or fluidized beds, the gas released by many small wood particles can strongly influence the dispersion characteristics. However, this study shows that the rocket force magnitude is significantly smaller than the drag and buoyancy forces.
Thiadiazole Carbamates: Potent Inhibitors of Lysosomal Acid Lipase and Potential Niemann−Pick Type C Disease Therapeutics (2010)

Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) disease is a lysosomal storage disorder characterized at the cellular level by abnormal accumulation of cholesterol and other lipids in lysosomal storage organelles. Lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) has been recently identified as a potential therapeutic target for NPC. LAL can be specifically inhibited by a variety of 3,4-disubstituted thiadiazole carbamates. An efficient synthesis of the C(3) oxygenated/C(4) aminated analogues has been developed that furnishes the products in high yields and high degrees of purity. Common intermediates can also be used for the synthesis of the C(3) carbon substituted derivatives. Herein we tested various thiadiazole carbamates, amides, esters, and ketones for inhibition of LAL. In addition, we tested a diverse selection of commercially available non-thiadiazole carbamates. Our studies show that, among the compounds examined herein, only thiadiazole carbamates are effective inhibitors of LAL. We present a mechanism for LAL inhibition by these compounds whereby LAL transiently carbamoylates the enzyme similarly to previously described inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by rivastigmine and other carbamates as well as acylation of various lipases by orlistat.
The immune response and the eye. III. Anterior chamber-associated immune deviation can be adoptively transferred by serum. (1989)

After the anterior chamber (AC) injection of trinitrophenol-coupled (TNP) spleen cells, it is observed that systemic delayed-type hypersensitivity responses to TNP are inhibited by Ag-specific suppressor T cells. We recently reported that suppression is initiated by viable TNP-coupled T cells within the inoculum and upon further analysis we found that these cells have the surface phenotype of CD4+ Ts inducer cells. We report here that treatment of these TNP-T cells with cycloheximide or cytochalasin-B before to AC injection abolishes suppression, whereas treatment with 2000 rad radiation does not. This indicates that protein synthesis and secretion are required to initiate suppression but proliferation is not. Further, we demonstrate the adoptive transfer of suppression by serum of AC inoculated animals. Detection of the component in serum in adoptive transfer assays, however, requires removal of the spleen before AC injection. We establish that the material in serum is a Ts cell product (T suppressor-inducer factor) based on three criteria: it is Ag specific, genetically restricted, and reactive with a mAb that specifically identifies these molecules. These results suggest that the signal leaving the eye to induce suppression of delayed-type hypersensitivity is T cell derived and that molecules mediating immune regulation for this organ are made within the eye and transported via the serum to the spleen.
Phase I dose optimization trial of patupilone in previously treated patients (pts) with advanced colon cancer (ACC) (2005)

3688 Background: Patupilone, a natural epothilone, is a microtubule-targeting cytotoxic drug with activity in a wide range of tumors, including colon cancer. Because in earlier studies with a weekly regimen, diarrhea was the dose-limiting toxicity, and patients (pts) with colon cancer are more susceptible to diarrhea, the optimal dosing regimen of patupilone in this pt population needs to be defined. Methods: Pts with advanced colon cancer who had progressed after first-line combination chemotherapy received patupilone once every 3 weeks (q3w) via IV bolus on day 1 (bolus IV×1), via continuous 24-hr IV infusion on day 1 (24hCIV×1), or via 16-hr CIV on days 1 to 5 (16hCIV×5). Patupilone was started at 6.5 mg/m2 and escalated in 0.5-mg/m2 increments. Pts received proactive antidiarrheal treatment according to standard recommendations and a proprietary glutamine-containing nutritional supplement (NS). The lactulose-mannitol ratio (LAMA) was measured to characterize intestinal permeability. Pharmacokinetic parameters were followed. Results: To date, 24 pts have been enrolled. Median age was 62 yrs (range, 28 - 81 yrs). Thirteen pts received bolus IV×1 patupilone (4 pts at 6.5 mg/m2; 3 pts at 7.0 mg/m2; 3 pts at 7.5 mg/m2; 3 pts at 8.0 mg/m2), 8 pts received 24hCIV×1 patupilone (4 pts at 6.5 mg/m2; 4 pts at 7.0 mg/m2), and 3 pts received 16hCIV×5 patupilone at 6.5 mg/m2. The most common adverse events were diarrhea (42%), asthenia (17%), and abdominal pain (13%). Hematologic toxicity and peripheral neuropathy were rare (< 5%). There was only 1 case of peripheral neuropathy (grade 1) and no cases of alopecia. No dose-limiting diarrhea has been reported with the bolus IV×1 or 24CIV×1 q3w schedules. In contrast, 2 of 3 pts receiving 16hCIV×5 patupilone experienced grade 3 dose-limiting diarrhea. Clinical benefit (stable disease) was observed in 12 pts principally in the bolus IV×1 and 24CIV×1 arms, including 2 pts with a minor response. An increase in LAMA was observed in most pts and in some cases was associated with diarrhea. Conclusions: These preliminary data suggest that the q3w bolus dosing with proactive diarrhea management is better tolerated than the previous weekly regimen of patupilone. The study is ongoing. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Novartis Novartis Novartis
Characterization of Monophenolase Activity of Polyphenol Oxidase from Iceberg Lettuce (1999)

Polyphenol oxidase (EC 1.14.18.1), a thylakoid membrane-bound enzyme, was isolated by sonication of osmotically shocked chloroplasts from iceberg lettuce (Lactuca sativa). The enzyme showed monophenolase activity when assayed on (p-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid with 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrazone in a reliable continuous spectrophotometric method, with high sensitivity, accuracy, and precision. The monophenolase activity showed a lag period before the steady-state rate (V(ss)) was reached. Both kinetic parameters, the lag period and the steady-state rate, depended on the pH, the enzyme and substrate concentrations, and the presence of catalytic amounts of o-diphenol. This activity shows inhibition by high substrate concentration. The experimental results correspond with the mechanism previously described for PPO from other sources. Kinetic constants K(m), V(max), and K(i) were determined.
A New Type of N-Heterocyclic Silylene with Ambivalent Reactivity (2006)

The synthesis of a novel divalent silicon compound by debromination of the corresponding dibromosilyl precursor is reported. The silylene possesses a unique reactivity toward electrophiles of the type R-X (R = H, silyl; X = halogen, triflate) in comparison with the germanium congener. DFT calculations suggest that this is due to a much higher basicity of the silylene versus that of germylene lone-pair electrons. Thus, addition of Me3SiX to the silylene (X = OSO2CF3, triflate) furnishes the corresponding (kinetically favored) 1,4-adduct which subsequently rearranges to the thermodynamically favored 1,1-adduct.
SAM-2 ground-truth plan: Correlative measurements for the Stratospheric Aerosol Measurement-2 (SAM 2) sensor on the Nimbus G satellite (1978)

The SAM-2 will fly aboard the Nimbus-G satellite for launch in the fall of 1978 and measure stratospheric vertical profiles of aerosol extinction in high latitude bands. The plan gives details of the location and times for the simultaneous satellite/correlative measurements for the nominal launch time, the rationale and choice of the correlative sensors, their characteristics and expected accuracies, and the conversion of their data to extinction profiles. The SAM-2 expected instrument performance and data inversion results are presented. Various atmospheric models representative of polar stratospheric aerosols are used in the SAM-2 and correlative sensor analyses.
Early Detection of Health Changes in the Elderly Using In-Home Multi-Sensor Data Streams (2021)

The rapid aging of the population worldwide requires increased attention from healthcare providers and the entire society. For the elderly to live independently, many health issues related to old age, such as frailty and risk of falling, need increased attention and monitoring. When monitoring daily routines for older adults, it is desirable to detect the early signs of health changes before serious health events, such as hospitalizations, happen so that timely and adequate preventive care may be provided. By deploying multi-sensor systems in homes of the elderly, we can track trajectories of daily behaviors in a feature space defined using the sensor data. In this article, we investigate a methodology for tracking the evolution of the behavior trajectories over long periods (years) using high-dimensional streaming clustering and provide very early indicators of changes in health. If we assume that habitual behaviors correspond to clusters in feature space and diseases produce a change in behavior, albeit not highly specific, tracking trajectory deviations can provide hints of early illness. Retrospectively, we visualize the streaming clustering results and track how the behavior clusters evolve in feature space with the help of two dimension-reduction algorithms: Principal Component Analysis and t-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding. Moreover, our tracking algorithm in the original high-dimensional feature space generates early health warning alerts if a negative trend is detected in the behavior trajectory. We validated our algorithm on synthetic data and tested it on a pilot dataset of four TigerPlace residents monitored with a collection of motion, bed, and depth sensors over 10 years. We used the TigerPlace electronic health records to understand the residents’ behavior patterns and to evaluate the health warnings generated by our algorithm. The results obtained on the TigerPlace dataset show that most of the warnings produced by our algorithm can be linked to health events documented in the electronic health records, providing strong support for a prospective deployment of the approach.
Depleted skeletal muscle mitochondrial DNA, hyperlactatemia, and decreased oxidative capacity in HIV‐infected patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (2005)

The nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), especially stavudine, may deplete mitochondrial (mt) DNA in human tissues by inhibiting the mitochondrial polymerase gamma, a setting, which is associated with hyperlactatemia. The aim of the present study was to examine whether hyperlactatemia is associated with depletion of skeletal muscle (sm)-mtDNA and decreased oxidative capacity in HIV-infected patients on NRTI based highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and whether HIV infection itself is associated with sm-mtDNA depletion. Sm-mtDNA was determined in 42 HIV-infected patients (35 patients on HAART including at least one NRTI (HIV-NRTI) and 7 patients never treated with antiretroviral drugs (NAIVE)) and 14 healthy controls. Whole body oxidative capacity (DeltaGOX) was estimated in HIV-infected patients by indirect calorimetry. Hyperlactatemia (>or=2.0 mM) was detected in six HIV-NRTI, who all used Stavudine (P < 0.01), displayed depleted sm-mtDNA (P < 0.02) and decreased DeltaGOX (P < 0.01) compared with normolactatemic HIV-NRTI (n = 29). NAIVE displayed decreased sm-mtDNA (P < 0.05), increased HIV-RNA (P < 0.01) and increased plasma TNF-alpha (P < 0.05) compared to all HIV-NRTI (n = 35), in turn displaying decreased sm-mtDNA (P < 0.01) compared to healthy controls. Thus, hyperlactatemia in HIV-NRTI may be associated with pronounced depletion of sm-mtDNA, decreased oxidative capacity and current stavudine therapy. Further, HIV may deplete sm-mtDNA of NAIVE, which in part could be mediated through an enhanced pro-inflammatory response.
Modified Rhyme Test for Evaluating Turkish Speech Intelligibility (2015)

Objective: There are both objective and subjective tests for evaluating the speech intelligibility. Speech Intelligibility Index (SII) and Modified Rhyme Test (MRT) are the most common methods for objective and subjective tests, respectively. While objective tests do not depend on the language, subjective tests are applied to the hearing-impaired subjects in their language. In these tests, hearing-impaired subjects try to recognize the sound by looking at the word lists in their hand. The word lists can be presented as two-word or six-word choices in design. However, the preferred type a is six-word choice for MRT. Up to now, these word lists were developed in different languages with different methods. For Turkish language, only two-word choice lists were developed; there was no study related to the Turkish language with six-word choice. In this study, we aimed to develop applicable six-word Turkish MRT lists by using hearing-impaired subjects. Methods: In this study, three different six-word Turkish MRT lists were developed according to the phonetic characteristics of the Turkish language, and these lists were tested via 12 hearing-impaired subjects. In the lists, 5 different Turkish phonetic characteristics were taken into account. For the analysis, the detailed audiograms (18 octave band) of hearing-impaired subjects were used. Results: Detailed statistical analysis for phonetic variations were shown for each hearing-impaired subject. Having correct structure and robust word choices for MRT lists were shown by comparing the equivalent speech spectrum levels of sounds and MRT results of the hearing-impaired subjects. Conclusion: New Turkish MRT lists were developed according to the phonetic characteristics of the Turkish language. Usability of the lists was shown by audiological test with the hearing-impaired subjects. Statistical analysis and the results of tests showed that developed Turkish MRT lists can be used in audiological studies as a reference material.
Les relations interspécifiques et le rôle de l’attention [Conférence plénière] (2012)

National audience
Spying on chaos-based cryptosystems with reservoir computing (2018)

Reservoir computing is a machine learning approach to designing artificial neural networks. Despite the significant simplification of the training process, the performance of such systems is comparable to other digital algorithms on a series of benchmark tasks. Recent investigations have demonstrated the possibility of performing long-horizon predictions of chaotic systems using reservoir computing. In this work we show that a trained reservoir computer can reproduce sufficiently well the properties a chaotic system, hence allowing full synchronisation. We illustrate this behaviour on the Mackey-Glass and Lorenz systems. Furthermore, we show that a reservoir computer can be used to crack chaos-based cryptographic protocols and illustrate this on two encryption schemes.
VAMO (2012)

Malware clustering is commonly applied by malware analysts to cope with the increasingly growing number of distinct malware variants collected every day from the Internet. While malware clustering systems can be useful for a variety of applications, assessing the quality of their results is intrinsically hard. In fact, clustering can be viewed as an unsupervised learning process over a dataset for which the complete ground truth is usually not available. Previous studies propose to evaluate malware clustering results by leveraging the labels assigned to the malware samples by multiple anti-virus scanners (AVs). However, the methods proposed thus far require a (semi-)manual adjustment and mapping between labels generated by different AVs, and are limited to selecting a reference sub-set of samples for which an agreement regarding their labels can be reached across a majority of AVs. This approach may bias the reference set towards "easy to cluster" malware samples, thus potentially resulting in an overoptimistic estimate of the accuracy of the malware clustering results.
Oracle Analysis of Sparse Automatic Music Transcription (2012)

We have previously proposed a structured sparse approach to piano transcription with promising results recorded on a challenging dataset. The approach taken was measured in terms of both frame-based and onset-based metrics. Close inspection of the results revealed problems in capturing frames displaying low-energy of a given note, for example in sustained notes. Further problems were also noticed in the onset detection, where for many notes seen to be active in the output trancription an onset was not detected. A brief description of the approach is given here, and further analysis of the system is given by considering an oracle transcription, derived from the ground truth piano roll and the given dictionary of spectral template atoms, which gives a clearer indication of the problems which need to be overcome in order to improve the proposed approach.
Reproduction of the solitary coral Caryophyllia inornata (Scleractinia, Caryophylliidae) (2012)

Le conoscenze sulla biologia riproduttiva dei coralli delle zone temperate sono ancora molto limitate, in modo particolare per le scleractinie del Mediterraneo. E’ necessario incrementare gli studi sulla riproduzione di questi organismi e quantificarne la resilienza al potenziale impatto dei cambiamenti climatici, che si prevede più importante nella fascia temperata rispetto a quella tropico-equatoriale. Scopo di questo studio è definire il ciclo riproduttivo di Caryophyllia inornata (Duncan, 1878), specie temperata, che ha una distribuzione geografica dal Mediterraneo alle coste Atlantiche nord-orientali. Questa ricerca rientra nel progetto FP7–IDEAS-ERC “CoralWarm” (http://www.CoralWarm.eu/) che si propone di studiare l’influenza dell’aumento della temperatura del mare sulla biologia delle scleractinie del Mediterraneo.
Weighted Stair Climbing in Mobility‐Limited Older People: A Pilot Study (2002)

These findings suggest that SCE maybe a useful component of a home exercise program designed to enhance lower extremity muscle power, aerobic capacity, and functional performance. Further investigation is needed involving larger sample sizes and direct comparisons with other forms of resistance training.
Internal Fixation of Bone with a Metal Pin (1862) (1962)

THIS historical case report deals with a portion of the distal third of a human radius, which was recently discovered in a mass battlefield grave of the Cold Harbor engagement, Hanover County, Virginia, by the use of the modern World War II mine detector.It was found that a metal pin through the distal third of the right radius of the forearm was causing the reaction of the mine detector. The portion of the bone found is demonstrated in Figure 1. An x-ray film of the bone showing the pin going through it, and adjacent to this film one of a . . .
Multiresolution Gabor Feature Extraction for Real Time Applications (2012)

Multiresolution Gab or filters are used for feature extraction for a variety of applications. Most hardware implementations have focused on iterative mechanisms on fixed hardware for implementing the different levels of resolution. In contrast, we present a configurable architecture that enhances the resource utilization of the hardware fabric. Our results show that our implementation achieves real-time performance on 2048x1536 images and exhibits 6 times speed up over a GPU implementation. Further, our FPGA implementation achieves an energy-efficiency of processing 0.4 fps/W as compared to the GPU that achieves 0.036 fps/W.
Effects of hydrologic conditions on biogeochemical processes and organic pollutant degradation in salt marsh sediments (2000)

Abstract—This work addressed the influence of tidal vs. static hydrologic conditions on biogeochemical processes and the transformation of pollutant organic chemicals (eight representative N-, O-, and S-heterocycles (NOSHs) from coal chemicals, crude oils, and pyrogenic mixtures) in salt marsh sediments. The goals were to: (1) determine the effects of static (flooded, drained) vs. dynamic (tidal) hydrology on redox potential (Eh) dynamics, trace gas evolution, and pollutant transformation; (2) deploy hydrodynamic microcosms for this purpose that were reproducible, well controlled, and adequately monitored; and, (3) develop analytical approaches for target pollutant chemicals that allowed for detection of small but significant concentration differences between time points and treatments, i.e., isotopic dilution. NOSH-amended sediments were exposed to three hydrologic conditions: static drained (oxidized redox potentials), static flooded (reduced redox potentials), and diurnal-tidal (alternating redox potential). The rate of NOSH transformation and the number of NOSHs degraded decreased in the following order: drained = tidal flooded. This indicated that sediments and associated biota exposed to tidal pulsing removed more NOSH compounds faster and to lower levels than flooded, highly reducing sediments.