gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Ultra-Low Power 1.7-2.7 GHz Fractional-N Sub-Sampling Digital Frequency Synthesizer and Modulator for IoT Applications in 40 nm CMOS (2016)

This paper introduces an ultra-low power 1.7-2.7-GHz fractional-N sub-sampling digital PLL (SS-DPLL) for Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications targeting compliance with Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) and IEEE802.15.4 standards. A snapshot time-to-digital converter (TDC) acts as a digital sub-sampler featuring an increased out-of-range gain and without any assistance from the traditional counting of DCO edges, thus further reducing power consumption. With a proposed DCO-divider phase rotation in the feedback path, the impact of the digital-to-time converter's (DTC's) non-linearity on the PLL is reduced and improves fractional spurs by at least 8 dB across BLE channels. Moreover, a “variable-preconditioned LMS” calibration algorithm is introduced to dynamically correct the DTC gain error with fractional frequency control word (FCW) down to 1/16384. Fabricated in 40 nm CMOS, the SS-DPLL achieves phase noise performance of -109 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset, while consuming a record-low power of 1.19 mW.
Quantifying the impact of exogenous abscisic acid and gibberellins on pre-maturity α-amylase formation in developing wheat grains (2014)

To study the role of abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GA) in pre-maturity α-amylase (PMA) formation in developing wheat grain, two glasshouse experiments were conducted under controlled conditions in the highly PMA-susceptible genotype Rialto. The first, determined the relative efficacy of applying hormone solutions by injection into the peduncle compared to direct application to the intact grain. The second, examined the effects of each hormone, applied by either method, at mid-grain development on PMA in mature grains. In the first experiment, tritiated ABA ((3)H-ABA) and gibberellic acid ((3)H-GA3) were diluted with unlabelled ABA (100 µM) and GA3 (50 µM), respectively, and applied at mid-grain development using both methods. Spikes were harvested after 24, 48 and 72 h from application, and hormone taken up by grains was determined. After 72 h, the uptake per grain in terms of hormones applied was approximately 13% for ABA and 8% for GA3 when applied onto the grains, and approximately 17% for ABA and 5% for GA3 when applied by injection. In the second experiment, applied ABA reduced, whereas applied GA3 increased α-amylase activity. This confirmed that exogenously applied ABA and GA were absorbed in sufficient amounts to alter grain metabolism and impact on PMA.
Wheat quality improvement at CIMMYT and the use of genomic selection on it (2016)

The International Center for Maize and Wheat Improvement (CIMMYT) leads the Global Wheat Program, whose main objective is to increase the productivity of wheat cropping systems to reduce poverty in developing countries. The priorities of the program are high grain yield, disease resistance, tolerance to abiotic stresses (drought and heat), and desirable quality. The Wheat Chemistry and Quality Laboratory has been continuously evolving to be able to analyze the largest number of samples possible, in the shortest time, at lowest cost, in order to deliver data on diverse quality traits on time to the breeders for making selections for advancement in the breeding pipeline. The participation of wheat quality analysis/selection is carried out in two stages of the breeding process: evaluation of the parental lines for new crosses and advanced lines in preliminary and elite yield trials. Thousands of lines are analyzed which requires a big investment in resources. Genomic selection has been proposed to assist in selecting for quality and other traits in breeding programs. Genomic selection can predict quantitative traits and is applicable to multiple quantitative traits in a breeding pipeline by attaining historical phenotypes and adding high-density genotypic information. Due to advances in sequencing technology, genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism markers are available through genotyping-by-sequencing at a cost conducive to application for genomic selection. At CIMMYT, genomic selection has been applied to predict all of the processing and end-use quality traits regularly tested in the spring wheat breeding program. These traits have variable levels of prediction accuracy, however, they demonstrated that most expensive traits, dough rheology and baking final product, can be predicted with a high degree of confidence. Currently it is being explored how to combine both phenotypic and genomic selection to make more efficient the genetic improvement for quality traits at CIMMYT spring wheat breeding program.
Cyclopentannulations leading to the synthesis of bicyclic conjugated enediones. (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCyclopentannulations leading to the synthesis of bicyclic conjugated enediones.Tamar Yechezkel, Eugene Ghera, Daryl Ostercamp, and Alfred HassnerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 16, 5135–5142Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00121a035https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00121a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views670Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (3)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Rechtliche Aspekte beim Einsatz von Intelligenten Containern (2013)

Robotische Systeme bahnen sich beständig Ihren Weg in die verschiedenen Bereiche menschlichen Lebens. Der Einsatz dieser Maschinen ist längst nicht mehr auf den industriellen Bereich beschränkt. Vielfältige Anwendungsmöglichkeiten bieten auch der militärische, medizinische und häusliche Bereich. Die Allgegenwärtigkeit dieser Technologie prägt in zunehmendem Maße unseren Alltag.
20 kDa PEGylated Adrenomedullin as a New Therapeutic Candidate for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (2020)

Human adrenomedullin (AM), a hypotensive peptide, also has anti-colitis activity. We prepared a polyethylene glycol (PEG) ylated form of AM through the conjugation of PEG-AM (1–15) and AM (15–52). Highly pure monomeric 20 kDa PEG-AM (20kPEG-AM) stimulated cyclic adenosine monophosphate production in HEK-293 cells stably expressing the type 1 AM receptor in a dose-dependent manner. The half-life of 20kPEG-AM was 7.4 h following subcutaneous administration in mice. We assessed the anti-colitis effect of subcutaneous 20kPEG-AM administration in the dextran sodium sulfate murine colitis model. Single and double subcutaneous injection of 20kPEG-AM significantly reduced total inflammation scores. These results suggest that 20kPEG-AM is a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment of human inflammatory bowel diseases.
Balava: Federating Private and Public Clouds (2011)

Balava is a new system for managing computations that span multiple clouds and involve data with confidentiality constraints. This paper describes the design, implementation and initial performance evaluation of Balava building-blocks. We detail the run-time developed to interconnect private and public clouds, and present a storage overlay built on top of this run-time. To support low-overhead execution of Balava computations, we are investigating alternative approaches to virtualization. We present a new hyper visor that supports light-weight virtual environments, while also preserving application binary interfaces.
Natural Killer Cell Inhibitory Receptors Block Actin Cytoskeleton-dependent Recruitment of 2B4 (CD244) to Lipid Rafts (2002)

A dynamic balance of positive and negative signals regulates target cell lysis by natural killer (NK) cells upon engagement of a variety of different activation receptors and of inhibitory receptors that recruit the tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1. However, the step at which activation signals are blocked by SHP-1 is not known. We have been using activation receptor 2B4 (CD244) to study the influence of inhibitory receptors on NK cell activation. Engagement of inhibitory receptors by HLA class I on target cells blocks phosphorylation of 2B4, placing the inhibitory step at the level, or upstream of 2B4 phosphorylation. Here we show that phosphorylated 2B4, after engagement with either antibodies or target cells that express the 2B4 ligand, is found exclusively in a detergent-resistant membrane fraction that contains lipid rafts. Integrity of lipid rafts was essential for phosphorylation and activating function of 2B4. Coengagement of inhibitory receptors blocked 2B4 phosphorylation and 2B4 association with detergent-resistant membranes, indicating that inhibitory receptors function upstream of raft-dependent signals. Recruitment of 2B4 into detergent-resistant membrane fractions and 2B4 phosphorylation were dependent on actin polymerization. Blocking actin cytoskeleton-dependent raft recruitment of different receptors may be a general mechanism by which inhibitory receptors control NK cell activation.
Enhancing the Randomized Hough Transform with k-means clustering to detect mutually-occluded ellipses (2011)

In the attempts to resolve the problem of ellipse detection, the Randomized Hough Transform (RHT) serves as a powerful variant of the standard Hough transform that exploits the geometric properties of ellipses in order to speed up the detection process. Despite its simplicity and efficiency, the RHT performs poorly if the target ellipses are overlapped (or mutually-occluded) with each other. We present a novel method that utilizes k-means clustering to boost the performance of the RHT in detecting mutually-occluded ellipses, and test its effectiveness for both synthetic and real-world images. However, as a result of using k-means clustering, this method is susceptible to being stuck at a local optima.
Aggregates of cAMP-Dependent Kinase Isoforms Characterize Different Areas in the Developing Central Nervous System of the Chicken, <i>Gallus gallus</i> (2011)

The intracellular second messenger adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) acts mainly through cAMP-dependent protein kinases (PKA). In mammals and reptiles, the PKA regulatory isoforms (RI and RII) are differentially distributed among the various brain areas and cell types, according to the age of the animal. Since PKA distribution may be an additional marker for homologous areas, PKA regulatory subunit types RI and RII were examined in the chicken brain, a species not yet investigated. Chicken brains were examined from prehatching to adult age, by means of immunohistochemistry and biochemical characterization. Most PKA regulatory subunits were segregated in discrete non-soluble clusters that contained either RI or RII. While RII aggregates were present also in non-neuronal cells, RI aggregates were detected only in neurons of some brain areas that are mainly related to the telencephalon. They appeared later than RII aggregates; their presence and location varied during development. RI aggregates were detected first in the olfactory bulb, around embryonic day 14; within 3 days they appeared in the hyperpallium and nidopallium, where the most intense labeling was observed in the perihatching period. Fainter RI aggregates persisted up to 3 years in the olfactory bulb and nidopallium caudale. Less intense RI aggregates were present for a shorter time, from 2 weeks to 3 months, in the septal nuclei, thalamic medial nuclei, periventricular hypothalamus, optic tectum periventricular area, brainstem reticular formation and spinal cord substantia gelatinosa. RI aggregates were not detected in many brain areas including the arcopallium, striatum and cranial nerve nuclei. RII distribution showed less variation during development. From embryonic day 12, some insoluble RII aggregates were detected in the brain; however, only minor modifications were observed in positive structures once they started to harbor insoluble RII aggregates. The present results suggest that the distribution of PKA aggregates may assist in characterizing phylogenetically homologous structures of the vertebrate central nervous system and may also unravel biochemical differences among areas considered homologous.
Next-generation sequencing of mitochondrial targeted AAV transfer of human ND4 in mice. (2013)

Our findings suggest that human ND4 remains episomal in host mitochondria and is not disruptive to any of the endogenous mitochondrial genes of the host genome. Therefore, mitochondrial gene transfer with an MTS-AAV is non-mutagenic and likely to be safe if used to treat LHON patients with mutated ND4.
CHLOROPLAST STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION IN <i>ac-20</i>, A MUTANT STRAIN OF <i>CHLAMYDOMONAS REINHARDI </i> (1970)

The fine structure of the ac-20 strain of Chlamydomonas reinhardi is described. Cells grown mixotrophically in the presence of acetate have a highly disordered chloroplast membrane organization and usually lack pyrenoids. Chloroplast ribosome levels are only 5-10% of wild-type levels. Cells grown phototrophically without acetate possess more chloroplast ribosomes and have more normal membrane and pyrenoid organization. Chloroplast ribosome levels rise rapidly when cells are transferred from acetate to minimal medium, whereas membrane reorganization occurs only after a lag. These results, combined with earlier studies of the photosynthetic properties of the mutant strain, suggest that proper membrane organization, Photosystem II activity, and ribulose-1,5-diphosphate carboxylase formation are dependent on the presence of chloroplast ribosomes. Other chloroplast components tested are unaffected by a 10-fold reduction in levels of chloroplast ribosomes.
Simple broadband Gysel combiner with a single coupled line (2016)

A coupled-Gysel broadband combiner/divider is proposed and demonstrated. The new concept relies on using a single coupled line segment in the design. Significant improvement in bandwidth are realized while maintaining low-loss, ease of design, and flexibility. The coupled-Gysel is demonstrated with a 2.5 - 8 GHz (105% fractional bandwidth) divider with 0.1 dB divider loss, and a 3.4 - 10.2 GHz (100% fractional bandwidth) with 0.2 dB divider loss.
Endothelial-derived microparticles: Biological conveyors at the crossroad of inflammation, thrombosis and angiogenesis (2010)

Endothelial microparticles (EMP) are complex vesicular structures that can be shed by activated or apoptotic endothelial cells. EMP are composed of a phospholipid bilayer that exposes transmembrane proteins and receptors and encloses cytosolic components such as enzymes, transcription factors and mRNA derived from their parent cells. Thus, EMP behave as biological conveyors playing a key role in the tuning of vascular homeostasis. This review focuses on the multifaceted roles of EMP, notably in coagulation, inflammation and angiogenesis and also on the mechanisms that trigger their formation. In this context, EMP could compromise vascular homeostasis and then represent key players in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory and thrombotic diseases. Consequently, elucidating their role and their mechanisms of formation will bring new insights into the understanding of endothelial-associated diseases. Moreover, in the future, it can open novel therapeutic perspectives based on the inhibition of EMP release.
Collision-Induced Spin Flip of Hydrogen Atoms (1959)

The cross section of a radiationless electronic spin-state transition (triplet-singlet transition) of two colliding, unexcited, hydrogen atoms has been calculated for low relative velocities. The low-velocity limit of this cross section exhibits a logarithmic divergence and decreases rapidly to a value of the order of $\ensuremath{\pi}{{r}_{0}}^{2}$ (${r}_{0}=\mathrm{c}\mathrm{l}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{s}\mathrm{s}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{c}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{l}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{l}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{c}\mathrm{t}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{n}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{d}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{u}\mathrm{s}\frac{{e}^{2}}{4\ensuremath{\pi}m{c}^{2}}$) with increasing energy of relative motion.
Enzyme‐Triggered and Self‐Cleaving Fragrant Alcohol Precursors (2008)

The high volatility and water solubility of many natural perfumery alcohols leads to their rapid loss in fabric-care and personal-care applications. A dramatically enhanced substantivity is achieved by the use of fragrance precursors as controlled-release systems. In the first part of this article, we present multi-odorant precursors, in which the enzymatic cleavage of esters or carbonates of fragrant alcohols triggers subsequent steps leading to the release of fragrant ketones, lactones, and additional fragrant alcohols. In the second part, a study on oligocarbonates of fragrant alcohols is presented. Therein, the outstanding enzyme-independent performance of gluconolactone oligocarbonate 27 for the long-lasting release of (Z)-hex-3-en-1-ol is highlighted. We show that these polyfunctional compounds undergo complex rearrangements and intramolecular substitution reactions which lead to the observed release kinetics.
Allele-specific methylation of type 1 diabetes susceptibility genes (2017)

The susceptibility to autoimmune diseases is influenced by genes encoding major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins. By examining the epigenetic methylation maps of cord blood samples, we found marked differences in the methylation status of CpG sites within the MHC genes (cis-metQTLs) between carriers of the type 1 diabetes risk haplotypes HLA-DRB1*03-DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 (DR3-DQ2) and HLA-DRB1*04-DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302 (DR4-DQ8). These differences were found in children and adults, and were accompanied by reduced HLA-DR protein expression in immune cells with the HLA-DR3-DQ2 haplotype. Extensive cis-metQTLs were identified in all 45 immune and non-immune type 1 diabetes susceptibility genes analyzed in this study. We observed and validated a novel association between the methylation status of CpG sites within the LDHC gene and the development of insulin autoantibodies in early childhood in children who are carriers of the highest type 1 diabetes risk genotype. Functionally relevant epigenetic changes in susceptibility genes may represent therapeutic targets for type 1 diabetes.
Elevated Levels of Both Sucrose-Phosphate Synthase and Sucrose Synthase in Vicia Guard Cells Indicate Cell-Specific Carbohydrate Interconversions (1993)

A long series of reports correlate larger stomatal aperture size with elevated concentration of sucrose (Suc) in guard cells. To assess the role and autonomy of guard cells with respect to these changes, we have determined quantitatively the cellular distribution of the synthetic enzyme, Suc-phosphate synthase (SPS) and the degradative enzyme Suc synthase (SS) in Vicia leaflet. As expected for Suc-exporting cells, the photosynthetic parenchyma had a high SPS:SS ratio of approximately 45. Also as expected, in epidermal cells, which had only few and rudimentary plastids, the SPS:SS ratio was low (0.4). Of all cells and tissues measured, those that had the highest specific activity of SPS (about 4.8 [mu]mol mg-1 of protein h-1) were guard cells. Guard cells also had a very high relative specific activity of SS.
<title>Performance of the repolished S-056 grazing incidence mirror in the MSFC AXAF test facility</title> (1994)

The S-056 Wolter I soft x-ray mirror used originally on Skylab for x-ray observations of the Sun is still in use today. The mirror has been flow polished to a surface finish of 5 angstroms for spatial frequencies from 1 - 1000 mm<SUP>-1</SUP> and has been tested in the AXAF x- ray calibration facility located at Marshall Space Flight Center, Alabama. The mirror performance was enhanced by a new polishing technique and was found to have an experimental point spread function full width half maximum of less than 1 arc second at 8.3 angstroms. No change in the figure was observed.
Genomic location of the dominant gene for waxlessness in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). (2000)

Brassica rapa accession C1-33 was crossed with waxless inbred line 1047 of B. napus. The F_(1) hybrids were selfed or backcrossed to C1-33 as male parent. The observation of segregation for waxlessness in F_(2), BC_(1) and BC_(2) showed that the dominant gene for waxlessness in line 1047 was located at genome A of B. napus. The results will provide a foundation for molecular mapping and cloning of the gene.
Über substituierte 6‐Aminobenzisoxazole und ihre Umwandlung in Abkömmlinge des 4‐Aminosalicylsäure‐nitrils (PAS‐Nitril) (1953)

Abstract Es wird die Synthese des 6‐Amino‐benzisoxazol‐carbonsäure‐(3)‐methylesters und einiger Derivate mitgeteilt. Durch Aufspaltung des Isoxazol‐Ringes werden die erhaltenen Verbindungen in Abkömmlinge des 4‐Amino‐salicylsäure‐nitrils (PAS‐Nitril) übergeführt.
Barium-polyethoxylate complexes as potentiometric sensors and their application to the determination of non-ionic surfactants (1981)

Electrodes having PVC matrix membranes consisting of 2-nitrophenyl phenyl ether and sensors of the tetraphenylborate salts of barium complexes with Antarox CO-730, Antarox CO-430, Lutensol AO7 and Monflor 51 are compared with the corresponding electrodes of barium complexes with Antarox CO-880. Generally, they are inferior to the Antarox CO-880 electrodes for sensing barium ions. However, all of the electrodes respond to non-ionic surfactants in the manner described previously for the Antarox CO-880 system.The electrode based on Antarox CO-430 is considered to be superior in its response to non-ionic surfactants and shows some selectivity towards these materials compared with its response towards cationic and anionic surfactants. The electrode has been evaluated for determining Dobanol 25-7, Synperonic 7 and Lutensol AO7 in detergent powders with good recoveries of the non-ionic surfactants and relative standard deviations ranging between 0.8 and 4.0%. The recommended procedure is based on known (standard) addition which, although taking up to 2 h to complete, is faster than analate addition.
CoNN: Collaborative Neural Network for Personalized Representation Learning with Application to Scalable Task Classification (2019)

Inspired by the personalized recommendation system, the Collaborative Neural Network (CoNN) is proposed to solve the problem of insufficient personalization of the existing representation learning methods. According to the input sample, CoNN generates personalized feature extractor (PFE), which is used for personalized representation learning. Specifically, we present two variants of CoNN: Unconditional Collaborative Neural Network (U-CoNN) and Conditional Collaborative Neural Network (C-CoNN). They are suitable for single-task and multi-task personalized representation learning, respectively. So based on CoNN we can solve the problem of personalized representation learning in the Scalable Task scenario. To evaluate CoNN, we experimented with two datasets, MNIST and Fashion-MNIST, which are commonly used in image classification problems. The results showed that U-CoNN improved the classification accuracy of 4.26% in a single task classification, and C-CoNN improved the classification accuracy by 1.25% in multiple task classification.