gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A wireless power transfer system based on class E amplifier (2013)

In this paper, a wireless power system based on class E amplifier is constructed, and the mathematical model based on inductive coupling between transmitting and receiving windings are built subsequently. The values of some components for transmitter are optimized precisely according to the optimal working point of load resistance. Formulas for the optimal transmitter, receiver, and class E components are derived given a set of constraints on the load resistance, inductance values of the coupler, the phase angle and quality factor of load impedance, and drain voltage waveform. Moreover, the simulation is fulfilled to verify the method to calculate parameters. Using a separating transformer with a pot type ferrite core and a series-parallel arrangement for load impedance transformer, A wireless power transfer system based an open loop class E amplifier has been built and experimental results show that the system has desirable performance, including a power delivery of 4.2W with the distance is 10mm, and the peak efficiency of system is over 72%.
Prediction of roughness surface in textured by electrical erosion using bayesian networks (2013)

Se presenta un modelo para la estimación de los parámetros que definen la rugosidad superficial [Ra] cuando se produce con un proceso de texturizado por descarga eléctrica [EDT, Electro Discharge Texturing). La no linealidad, la inestabilidad y los costos de la experimentación en EDT son las principales causas para el uso de técnicas de predicción usando algoritmos robustos y fiables, con el fin de estudiar factores que presentan dificultades en la caracterización. Se realizaron varios experimentos para producir texturas de superficies planas usando una máquina de electroerosión [EDM, Electric Discharge Machining) modificada ALIC-1. Los datos obtenidos en la fase experimental se usaron para entrenar modelos Bayesianos con los clasificadores Naïve Bayes y Naïve Bayes Aumentado a Árbol. Los resultados conseguidos mostraron un comportamiento aceptable dentro del rango operativo, consistente con los fenómenos físicos que rigen el proceso EDT. Se demuestra que es posible encontrar una rugosidad superficial con especificaciones particulares.
1T-MoS<sub>2</sub>, a new metallic modification of molybdenum disulfide (1992)

Hydration and subsequent electrochemical or chemical oxidation of potassium thiomolybdate(III) KMoS2 yields a new metastable and metallic modification of molybdenum disulfide with distorted layers and octahedral coordination to Mo atoms.
Absorption of VOCs in a Rotating Packed Bed (2002)

A Higee absorption process was developed to remove VOCs (volatile organic compounds) from air into an aqueous phase under a centrifugal field. The experimental results showed that the overall volumetric gas-phase mass-transfer coefficient (KGa) increased as a function of the gas Grashof number (GrG) to the power of 0.18. In analyzing kG and a individually, it was found that the enhancement of mass transfer by the centrifugal force can mainly be attributed to an increase in the effective gas−liquid interfacial area. The values of kG lie in a range similar to that for conventional packed beds.
A chance-constrained two-stage stochastic program for unit commitment with uncertain wind power output (2012)

In this paper, we present a unit commitment problem with uncertain wind power output. The problem is formulated as a chance-constrained two-stage (CCTS) stochastic program. Our model ensures that, with high probability, a large portion of the wind power output at each operating hour will be utilized. The proposed model includes both the two-stage stochastic program and the chance-constrained stochastic program features. These types of problems are challenging and have never been studied together before, even though the algorithms for the two-stage stochastic program and the chance-constrained stochastic program have been recently developed separately. In this paper, a combined sample average approximation (SAA) algorithm is developed to solve the model effectively. The convergence property and the solution validation process of our proposed combined SAA algorithm is discussed and presented in the paper. Finally, computational results indicate that increasing the utilization of wind power output might increase the total power generation cost, and our experiments also verify that the proposed algorithm can solve large-scale power grid optimization problems.
Towards automatic debugging of computer programs (1992)

Programmers spend considerable time debugging code. Symbolic debuggers provide some help but the task still remains complex and difficult. Other than breakpoints and tracing, these tools provide little high level help. Programmers must perform many tasks manually that the tools could perform automatically, such as finding which statements in the program affect the value of an output variable under a given testcase, what was the value of a given variable when the control last reached a given program location, and what does the program do differently under one testcase it does not do under another. If the debugging tools provided explicit support for such tasks, the whole debugging process would be automated to a large extent.
Transient Test-Based Technique for Leak Detection in Outfall Pipes (1999)

A technique is proposed for leak detection and evaluation in outfall pipes based on properties of transient pressure waves. Transients are caused by an increase of the piezometric head at the initial section of the outfall pipe. Since high overpressures are not necessary for the success of the technique and simple equipment is required, tests may be repeated periodically to check the state of the pipe. In order to verify the possibility of locating a possible leak on the basis of the results of transient tests, the effects of a leak on wave propagation from the numerical point of view are discussed first. A first-order formula for preliminary evaluation of the discharge behavior of the leak is also given. Results of some laboratory tests carried out on a long pipe are shown in order to confirm the reliability and validity of the proposed technique. Inverse transient calculations are proved to be able to provide precise information about the characteristics of the leak.
Orientation Selectivity and the Arrangement of Horizontal Connections in Tree Shrew Striate Cortex (1997)

Horizontal connections, formed primarily by the axon collaterals of pyramidal neurons in layer 2/3 of visual cortex, extend for millimeters parallel to the cortical surface and form patchy terminations. Previous studies have provided evidence that the patches formed by horizontal connections exhibit modular specificity, preferentially linking columns of neurons with similar response characteristics, such as preferred orientation. The issue of how these connections are distributed with respect to the topographic map of visual space, however, has not been resolved. Here we combine optical imaging of intrinsic signals with small extracellular injections of biocytin to assess quantitatively the specificity of horizontal connections with respect to both the map of orientation preference and the map of visual space in tree shrew V1. Our results indicate that horizontal connections outside a radius of 500 microm from the injection site exhibit not only modular specificity, but also specificity for axis of projection. Labeled axons extend for longer distances, and give off more terminal boutons, along an axis in the map of visual space that corresponds to the preferred orientation of the injection site. Inside of 500 microm, the pattern of connections is much less specific, with boutons found along every axis, contacting sites with a wide range of preferred orientations. The system of long-range horizontal connections can be summarized as preferentially linking neurons with co-oriented, co-axially aligned receptive fields. These observations suggest specific ways that horizontal circuits contribute to the response properties of layer 2/3 neurons and to mechanisms of visual perception.
Creep of metal matrix composites reinforced by combining nano-sized dispersoids with micro-sized ceramic particulates or whiskers (review) (2003)

The micro-sized ceramic whiskers or particulates can greatly increase the specific modulus and other mechanical properties of aluminium alloys. However, the strength at high temperatures depends on microstructures of the matrix. The nano-sized fine dispersoids can markedly increase the high temperature strength of aluminium alloys, but elastic modulus of these dispersion-strengthened alloys is not significantly improved. Therefore, a new kind of metal matrix composite reinforced by combining nano-sized dispersoids with micro-sized ceramic whisker- or particulate-reinforcements, has been developed. This paper presents the experimental results and analysis on the effects of micro-sized ceramic whiskers or particulates on creep strain rates in the composites by taking account into the load transfer model from matrix to reinforcements. In particular, comparison of creep behaviour between titanium and aluminium matrix composites is conducted. Technological barriers and trends associated with practical utilisation, development and research of metal matrix composites are also addressed.
Semantic Proximity Between Queries and the Empty Answer Problem (2010)

Abstract — This paper proposes an approach aimed at obviating empty answers for a family of conjunctive queries involving Boolean or fuzzy value constraints. Contrary to the approaches based on a relaxation of the predicates involved in the query, the principle suggested here consists in replacing the query by another one similar which has been processed previously and whose answer is known to be non-empty. This technique thus avoids the combinatory explosion induced by classical relaxation-based approaches.
Growth hormone binding proteins: biochemical characterization and assays. (1991)

Circulating growth hormone binding proteins have recently been recognized in man and certain animals. In man, two specific growth hormone binding proteins have been described, one with high affinity and another with low affinity. The high affinity binding protein corresponds to the extracellular portion of the hepatic growth hormone receptor, whereas the low affinity binding protein appears unrelated to the receptor. Both binding proteins bind one molecule of growth hormone to form complexes of 85 kD (high affinity) and 125 kD (low affinity). The isoelectric points of the two binding proteins are about 5.0 and 7.1, respectively. Most of the complexed growth hormone in plasma is associated with the high affinity binding protein. The binding proteins can be assayed by their specific ability to bind human growth hormone. Generally, plasma is incubated with radiolabelled human growth hormone under standardized conditions, and bound growth hormone is then separated from free growth hormone by size exclusion or ion exchange chromatography, or by charcoal adsorption. Several technical modifications of these fundamental assay designs exist.
Strays-insensitive state-space switched-capacitor filters (1983)

Strays-insensitive realizations for switched-capacitor (SC) filters are presented. Here, the discrete-time transfer function is realized in the biquadratic state-space configuration implementing strays-insensitive SC biquads. Design equations that directly relate the feedback and feedforward coefficients to that of the transfer function are de'ived. Sensitivity analysis of the proposed structure is carried out and it is shown that the transfer function sensitivities with respect to the capacitance ratios are minimized if the capacitance ratios assume their lowest possible values. A design example is presented and its sensitivity performance is carried out by Monte Carlo simulations.
Highly aligned dense carbon nanotube sheets induced by multiple stretching and pressing (2014)

The CNT sheet fabricated by the floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method has attracted great attention due to its easy fabrication process and promising mass production at low cost. However, the randomly oriented CNT sheet with a loose stacking density shows relatively poor mechanical properties. In this work, a highly aligned dense CNT sheet was successfully fabricated by a simple process of two-time stretching and pressing of a multilayered CVD-grown CNT sheet. Drastic nanotube rearrangements occurred during stretching and pressing processes. A polymer-like tensile necking behavior was observed during the stretching process, accompanied by inter-tube junction breakage due to long-distance slippage. Simultaneously the CNT sheet was thickened after the stretching process due to the increase of the inter-layer space, which could be effectively eliminated by the following pressing treatment. After two-time stretching and pressing, a highly aligned dense CNT sheet was fabricated with the volume density increasing to 0.98 g cm(-3) (by 109%) and the tensile strength increasing to 598 MPa (by 221%) compared to the as-prepared CNT sheet.
Reactions of Ethyl Diazoacetate with Aromatic Compounds Containing Hetero Atoms Attached to the Benzyl Carbon (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of Ethyl Diazoacetate with Aromatic Compounds Containing Hetero Atoms Attached to the Benzyl CarbonC. David Gutsche and Manny HillmanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 8, 2236–2240Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1954https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01637a064RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views379Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (661 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Effect of folic or folinic acid supplementation on methotrexate-associated safety and efficacy in inflammatory disease: a systematic review (2009)

Supplementation with folic acid is an effective measure to reduce hepatic adverse effects associated with methotrexate treatment. There is no difference between folinic acid and folic acid, but the lower cost of the latter promotes its use.
Measure Contribution of Participants in Federated Learning (2019)

Federated Machine Learnig (FML) creates an ecosystem for multiple parties to collaborate on building models while protecting data privacy for the participants. A measure of the contribution for each party in FML enables fair credits allocation. In this paper we develop simple but powerful techniques to fairly calculate the contributions of multiple parties in FML, in the context of both horizontal FML and vertical FML. For Horizontal FML we use deletion method to calculate the grouped instance influence. For Vertical FML we use Shapley Values to calculate the grouped feature importance. Our methods open the door for research in model contribution and credit allocation in the context of federated machine learning.
State Space Models in<i>R</i> (2011)

We give an overview of some of the software tools available in R, either as built- in functions or contributed packages, for the analysis of state space models. Several illustrative examples are included, covering constant and time-varying models for both univariate and multivariate time series. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods to obtain parameter estimates are considered.
Automatic document content analysis: The AIDA project (1992)

The AIDA project is a program of research being carried out by Computer Power in Canberra, Australia, in collaboration with the Australian Parliament. Its primary objective is to develop practical methods for carrying out document content analysis with minimal human intervention. Following a very successful independent assessment of the techniques, the first commercial‐strength tool has now been developed. It links the different AIDA analyses (point form summary, keywords, and so on) with the original document to form a “complete” hyperdocument. The different techniques employed by AIDA to achieve its results are described.
Sensor based adaptive metric-topological cell decomposition method for semantic annotation of structured environments (2014)

A fundamental ingredient for semantic labeling is a reliable method for determining and representing the relevant spatial features of an environment. We address this challenge for planar metric-topological maps based on occupancy grids. Our method detects arbitrary dominant orientations in the presence of significant clutter, fits corresponding line features with tunable resolution, and extracts topological information by polygonal cell decomposition. Real-world case studies taken from the target application domain (autonomous forklift trucks in warehouses) demonstrate the performance and robustness of our method, while results from a preliminary algorithm to extract corridors, and junctions, demonstrate its expressiveness. Contribution of this work starts with the formulation of metric-topological surveying of environment, and a generic n-direction planar representation accompanied with a general method for extracting it from occupancy map. The implementation also includes some semantic labels specific to warehouse like environments.
14,15‐epoxyeicosatrienoic acid promotes production of brain derived neurotrophic factor from astrocytes and exerts neuroprotective effects during ischaemic injury (2015)

Our study demonstrates the importance of 14,15-EET-mediated production of astrocyte-derived BDNF for enhancing viability of astrocytes and protecting neurons from the ischaemic injury and provides insights into the mechanism by which 14,15-EET is involved in neuroprotection.
763. Some preparative uses of benzylpenicillinic ethoxyformic anhydride (1953)

R. L. Barnden, R. M. Evans, J. C. Hamlet, B. A. Hems, A. B. A. Jansen, M. E. Trevett and G. B. Webb, J. Chem. Soc., 1953, 3733 DOI: 10.1039/JR9530003733
Design of the Monitoring and Control System for Elevator Internet Based on CANBus (2012)

This paper made a detailed design of the elevator internet application level protocol based on CANBus,and this application protocol was applied to elevator monitoring and control system.The structure and function of elevator internet monitoring and control system was discussed,and the frame of application level protocol was studied,and message exchange route was described.The elevator signal collector hardware and software,central room monitoring software and database had been provided completely.
Correction of the respiratory motion of the heart by tracking of the center of mass of thresholded projections: a simulation study using the dynamic MCAT phantom (2002)

During normal breathing, heart motion is about 15 mm along the body axis in humans. We propose a method to track and to correct this motion after a list-mode acquisition which involves the recording of a signal proportional to respiratory volume. We use the dynamic MCAT (DMCAT) chest phantom to simulate 24 temporal frames regularly spaced during the respiratory cycle, for 60 projection angles over 360/spl deg/. A 15-mm respiratory translation motion is simulated for the heart, liver and spleen. Thresholding of projections is used to reduce the influence of static activity on calculation of the axial center-of-mass (aCOM). Variation in the impact of attenuation as a function of projections and noise in the low-count projections rebinned from list-mode acquisitions is seen to limit ones ability to track respiratory motion using the aCOM. By including the recording of a signal proportional to the relative respiratory volume with the list-mode acquisition counts from different respiratory cycles can be combined to produce projections with common respiratory volumes. We have determined that the aCOMs determined from summing these common-volume based projections over the anterior to left-anterior oblique projection angles can be used to track respiratory motion as a function of the volume signal. Using this information on the variation of the aCOM as a function of the volume signal, the entire list-mode acquisition can then be rebinned into a projection set which is corrected for respiratory motion. After motion tracking, the mean absolute difference between the true motion curve and the aCOM curve is 0.10 cm for noisy studies. After correction no heart motion is visible on a cine display of projections. The polar map of myocardial MIBI uptake after motion correction is closer to that obtained when no respiratory motion is present than without correction.
Filtered-X CMAC: an efficient algorithm for active disturbance cancellation in nonlinear dynamical system (2003)

An algorithm for the convergent adaptation of a CMAC neural network in feedforward disturbance cancellation architectures is presented. This technique is a generalization of the Filtered-X LMS algorithm used in the case of linear adaptive filters. The fundamental advantage provided by the CMAC compensator is its effectiveness in systems with nonlinearities in the actuators, sensors, and signal transmission paths. The presented method also provides advantages over other nonlinear solutions due to its rapid convergence and minimal computational overhead. Two variants of the algorithm are considered. The full version uses a CMAC model of the secondary path while the reduced version approximates the secondary path with a linear FIR filler. Results are presented for an implementation of the algorithm on a laboratory acoustic duct model.
Plasmid DNA pre-purification by tangential flow filtration (2015)

The growing demand of plasmid DNA for gene therapy and third generation vaccines has encouraged the development of simple, robust and scalable production bioprocesses. Bearing in mind the purification step, the membrane separation processes may be a viable and cost-effective option that may be used without compromising the plasmid integrity. In this work, an operation of tangential flow ultrafiltration in a hollow-fiber module was used for the pre-purification of plasmid pVAX1-NH36 from clarified lysates of Escherichia coli DH5α culture. The ultrafiltration system was characterized using model solutions to determine the membrane resistance, plasmid concentration on the membrane wall and the system mass-transfer coefficient. In the analysis, a model based on Darcy's law and the stagnant film layer was used. These results allowed to estimate an optimal flux of 0.0016 cm/s and an optimal bulk concentration for the diafiltration process of 5.50 µg/mL. The concentration of lysates containing the plasmid of interest was performed by constant flow in batch mode achieving a 41% of impurities removal. These results suggest the use of a combination of concentration--diafiltration steps for the pre-purification of the plasmid lysates processed. The electrophoretic and high-performance liquid chromatography by hydrophobic interaction analysis showed that the plasmid supercoiled isoform maintained its integrity and no appreciable plasmid loss was present.