gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of solubility elevation in aqueous mixed solutions of LiBr and CaCl2. Development of LiBr-CaCl2 mixture absorbent. (1991)

高溶解性混合吸収媒体を開発するため, 溶質混合による溶解度増大策について, 水和現象を基にした推算と実験により検討した.溶解度は, イオンに水和する水分子, 特に構造形成領域の水和数が少ないほど高くなる傾向を示す.そこで他のイオンを添加すると構造形成領域に水和した水分子の一部が両方のイオンに共通に水和する「水和共有」現象が起こり, 余った水分子が放出される.そのため構造形成領域の水和数が減り, 溶解度が増大すると考えられる.本論文ではこの考えを基に溶解度増大のメカニズムを提案し, 混合により最大溶解度が存在することを予測した.水和数を考慮してLiBrとCaCl2の混合水溶液を吸収媒体に選定し, 冷却法により晶析温度を測定した.その結果モル分率 [CaCl2/ (CaCl2+LiBr)] : 025の混合比率で最大溶解度 : 68.2%が得られ, 推算値と一致した.さらに「水和共有」の存在を, 比重測定から求めた圧縮率の変化より確認した.
Meal Fat Storage in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue: Comparison of Pioglitazone and Glipizide Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes (2010)

Treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) with pioglitazone changes abdominal fat in the opposite direction as treatment with glipizide. To determine whether these two medications affect adipose tissue meal fatty acid storage differently we studied 19 T2DM treated with either pioglitazone (n = 8) or glipizide (n = 11) and 11 non-DM control subjects matched for age, BMI, abdominal and leg fat. A breakfast mixed meal containing [1-(14)C]triolein was given and abdominal and femoral subcutaneous (sc) adipose tissue biopsies were collected 6 and 24 h later to measure meal fatty acid storage. The portion of meal fatty acids stored in upper body sc and lower body sc adipose tissue did not differ between non-DM and T2DM subjects either at 6 or 24 h. Likewise, meal fatty acid storage did not differ between the T2DM participants treated with pioglitazone or glipizide. We conclude that meal fatty acid storage in upper body and lower body sc adipose tissue is not abnormal in T2DM patients treated with pioglitazone or glipizide.
The reaction of pyromellitic dianhydride with 4,4′‐diaminodiphenylmethane (1991)

Abstract The homogeneous polyaddition reaction of pyromellitic dianhydride with 4,4′‐diaminodiphenylmethane was investigated. The dependence of the number average molecular weights on time has a maximum; low equilibrium values of M̄ n are caused by a disturbed equimolarity of functional groups due to the hydrolysis of dianhydride with water present in the solvent. In the course of establishment of the equilibrium M̄ n value, the molecular weight distribution changes to the most probable value.
Protein Tagging and Ribosome Rescue in Bacteria Requires the Recognition of Transfer-Messenger RNA by an Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase (2013)

Transfer-messenger RNA (tmRNA), also known as SsrA or 10Sa RNA, is a bacterial ribonucleic acid that recycles 70S ribosomes stalled on problematic messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and also contributes to the degradation of incompletely synthesized peptides. tmRNA acts initially as a transfer RNA (tRNA), being aminoacylated at its 3’ end by alanyl-tRNA synthetase, to add alanine to the polypeptide chain. Translation then resumes not on the mRNA on which the ribosomes were stalled but at an internal position in tmRNA. Termination soon occurs, tmRNA recruiting the appropriate termination factors allowing the release of the tagged protein that is subsequently recognized and degraded by specific proteases. As a consequence, the ribosome can be recycled. Moreover, the tRNA function of tmRNA can be utilized by some bacteriophages as an important component for sensing the overall state of the host cell to control prophage repression. This chapter focuses on our current understanding of tmRNA structure and function, with an emphasis on its recognition by a class II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase.
Modern Thermoelectrochemistry (2009)

Thermoelectrochemistry as a branch of electrochemistry like photoelectrochemistry is reviewed in an integral treatment of the subject. Especially modern thermoelectrochemistry is focused on new techniques to vary the temperature as an independent variable. This review based on a definition of modern thermoelectrochemistry includes all the classical work which contributes to the formation of modern thermoelectrochemistry, among them high-temperature electrochemistry, subcritical- and supercritical electrochemistry and in-situ electrochemical calorimetry. The main focus is on modern techniques like fast electrode heating by lasers or by alternating current as well as on heating of solution spots by microwaves and related methods. Here the state of the art in modern thermoelectrochemistry is critically reviewed for the first time.
Selective Formation of ErbB-2/ErbB-3 Heterodimers Depends on the ErbB-3 Affinity of Epidermal Growth Factor-like Ligands (2003)

EGF-like growth factors activate their ErbB receptors by promoting receptor-mediated homodimerization or, alternatively, by the formation of heterodimers with the orphan ErbB-2 through an as yet unknown mechanism. To investigate the selectivity in dimer formation by ligands, we have applied the phage display approach to obtain ligands with modified C-terminal residues that discriminate between ErbB-2 and ErbB-3 as dimerization partners. We used the epidermal growth factor/transforming growth factor alpha chimera T1E as the template molecule because it binds to ErbB-3 homodimers with low affinity and to ErbB-2/ErbB-3 heterodimers with high affinity. Many phage variants were selected with enhanced binding affinity for ErbB-3 homodimers, indicating that C-terminal residues contribute to the interaction with ErbB-3. These variants were also potent ligands for ErbB-2/ErbB-3 heterodimers despite negative selection for such heterodimers. In contrast, phage variants positively selected for binding to ErbB-2/ErbB-3 heterodimers but negatively selected for binding to ErbB-3 homodimers can be considered as "second best" ErbB-3 binders, which require ErbB-2 heterodimerization for stable complex formation. Our findings imply that epidermal growth factor-like ligands bind ErbB-3 through a multi-domain interaction involving at least both linear endings of the ligand. Apparently the ErbB-3 affinity of a ligand determines whether it can form only ErbB-2/ErbB-3 complexes or also ErbB-3 homodimers. Because no separate binding domain for ErbB-2 could be identified, our data support a model in which ErbB heterodimerization occurs through a receptor-mediated mechanism and not through bivalent ligands.
AcSDKP, an inhibitor of CFU-S proliferation, is synthesized in mice under steady-state conditions and secreted by bone marrow in long-term culture. (1990)

The peptide AcSDKP, isolated from fetal calf bone marrow, is able to prevent DNA synthesis in mouse CFU-S in vivo and in vitro. The molecule is demonstrated here to be constitutively produced in mice and synthesized by bone marrow cells in long term culture.
A Weak Lck Tail Bite Is Necessary for Lck Function in T Cell Antigen Receptor Signaling (2007)

Src family kinases are suppressed by a "tail bite" mechanism, in which the binding of a phosphorylated tyrosine in the C terminus of the protein to the Src homology (SH) 2 domain in the N-terminal half of the protein forces the catalytic domain into an inactive conformation stabilized by an additional SH3 interaction. In addition to this intramolecular suppressive function, the SH2 domain also mediates intermolecular interactions, which are crucial for T cell antigen receptor (TCR) signaling. To better understand the relative importance of these two opposite functions of the SH2 domain of the Src family kinase Lck in TCR signaling, we created three mutants of Lck in which the intramolecular binding of the C terminus to the SH2 domain was strengthened. The mutants differed from wild-type Lck only in one to three amino acid residues following the negative regulatory tyrosine 505, which was normally phosphorylated by Csk and dephosphorylated by CD45 in the mutants. In the Lck-negative JCaM1 cell line, the Lck mutants had a much reduced ability to transduce signals from the TCR in a manner that directly correlated with SH2-Tyr(P)(505) affinity. The mutant with the strongest tail bite was completely unable to support any ZAP-70 phosphorylation, mitogen-activated protein kinase activation, or downstream gene activation in response to TCR ligation, whereas other mutants had intermediate abilities. Lipid raft targeting was not affected. We conclude that Lck is regulated by a weak tail bite to allow for its activation and service in TCR signaling, perhaps through a competitive SH2 engagement mechanism.
LOCALIZACION INMUNOCITOQUIMICA DE LA SERPINA CBG-símil EN EL SISTEMA REPRODUCTOR DE MAMÍFEROS HEMBRA (2000)

La participacion de la globulina que une corticoides (CBG) en el proceso de la induccion de la reaccion acrosomal, ha sido claramente demostrada in vitro en espermatozoides humanos. Esta molecula fue aislada primariamente desde fluido folicular y su presencia, detectada inmunologicamente, ha sido demostrada por nosotros en foliculos ovaricos, epitelio tubular uterino y en endometrio de humanos y bovinos. Estos resultados nos llevaron a ampliar el estudio de la probable presencia de esta molecula en otras especies mamiferas, con la hipotesis de que si esta involucrada en mecanismos previos a la fecundacion en humanos y bovinos, su presencia podria estar tambien jugando un rol modulatorio en especies con procesos de interaccion gametica basicamente comparables. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar inmunocitoquimicamente la presencia y distribucion de la CBG-simil en el sistema reproductor de cerdos, perros, gatos, conejos y ratas. Las muestras fueron obtenidas, en los distintos estadios del ciclo reproductivo, desde piezas quirurgicas, a excepcion de las de cerdo que se obtuvieron desde un matadero local. Muestras de ovario, tuba uterina y utero fueron procesadas para la inmunocitoquimica (ICQ) con anticuerpos (Ac) poli y monoclonales anti hCBG que reconocieron antigenos comunes dentro de las distintas especies animales. En todas ellas la ICQ revelo una intensa reaccion positiva a nivel de los foliculos ovaricos, en las celulas secretoras del epitelio de la mucosa tubarica y en las celulas epiteliales de las glandulas y de la mucosa endometrial. En general, la inmuno tincion se manifesto muy intensa hacia el periodo ovulatorio y muy escasa en los periodos de niveles esteroidales bajos. Sin embargo, existieron diferencias particulares entre los distintos animales debido, probablemente, a la variacion antigenica por la lejania de la especie con la molecula generadora del Ac. Muy interesante resulto el estudio del animal en el cual se produjo el Ac policlonal, este confirmo la presencia de la CBG endogena, determinada por una intensa inmunorreactividad en los preparados controles (sin Ac especifico), y que por tanto, la unica fuente de ellos fue la proveniente de la generacion de sus propios Ac. Nuestros resultados nos permiten sugerir que en las especies estudiadas existe CBG-simil, la cual se distribuye en areas morfologicas del sistema reproductor, similares a las observadas en humanos y en bovinos, lo cual puede estar indicando que esta molecula tambien podria estar involucrada en sus correspondientes procesos reproductivos. Sin embargo, su directa participacion en mecanismos fisiologicos, como por ejemplo la Reaccion Acrosomal, hasta el presente, no ha sido demostrada
Fluoride-induced reduction of palladium(II) and platinum(II) phosphine complexes (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFluoride-induced reduction of palladium(II) and platinum(II) phosphine complexesM. R. Mason and J. G. VerkadeCite this: Organometallics 1992, 11, 6, 2212–2220Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00042a040https://doi.org/10.1021/om00042a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1665Altmetric-Citations78LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Electronic Three-Phase Four-Wire Power-Frequency Converter With High Accuracy Over a Wide Range of Use (1971)

This paper describes a new type of power-frequency converter with an electronic measuring device. It is of the three-phase four-wire type and was developed in the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) especially for the precision measuring of electrical energy in high-voltage circuits. It has an accuracy of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> over a current range of 1: 100. The measuring elements use the time-division principle. The wide current range is achieved by commutating the charging current for the integrating circuit. The running (indication) of the instrument with no load is eliminated. The specifications are much better than those of a high-precision rotor-type meter of class 0.5 (Recommendations of the International Electrotechnical Commission-IEC).
EXPIRED AIR RESUSCITATION DURING CARDIAC EMERGENCIES (1960)

All physicians have the responsibility to be prepared to carry out emergency measures for cardiac standstill or ventricular fibrillation. There is no time to send for help. If the patient is to survive, ventilation and circulation must be started in the first few minutes. Drastic measures may be indicated in the treatment of this drastic emergency. If emergency thoracotomy is indicated, this procedure should be accompanied by restoration of pulmonary ventilation. While one physician opens the chest, another physician or trained aide must insure effective pulmonary ventilation. In the operating room and recovery ward, the anesthesiologist and his emergency equipment may be available and he should be summoned at once. Until he arrives, however, pulmonary ventilation can be adequately maintained without any equipment by the use of expired air, blowing one's own air into the nose or mouth of a victim. Any artificial respiration, to be effective, depends on an
<i>env</i> Sequences of Simian Immunodeficiency Viruses from Chimpanzees in Cameroon Are Strongly Related to Those of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Group N from the Same Geographic Area (2000)

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) group N from Cameroon is phylogenetically close, in env, to the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) cpz-gab from Gabon and SIVcpz-US of unknown geographic origin. We screened 29 wild-born Cameroonian chimpanzees and found that three (Cam3, Cam4, and Cam5) were positive for HIV-1 by Western blotting. Mitochondrial DNA sequence analysis demonstrated that Cam3 and Cam5 belonged to Pan troglodytes troglodytes and that Cam4 belonged to P. t. vellerosus. Genetic analyses of the viruses together with serological data demonstrated that at least one of the two P. t. troglodytes chimpanzees (Cam5) was infected in the wild, and revealed a horizontal transmission between Cam3 and Cam4. These data confirm that P. t. troglodytes is a natural host for HIV-1-related viruses. Furthermore, they show that SIVcpz can be transmitted in captivity, from one chimpanzee subspecies to another. All three SIVcpz-cam viruses clustered with HIV-1 N in env. The full Cam3 SIVcpz genome sequence showed a very close phylogenetic relationship with SIVcpz-US, a virus identified in a P. t. troglodytes chimpanzee captured nearly 40 years earlier. Like SIVcpz-US, SIVcpz-cam3 was closely related to HIV-1 N in env, but not in pol, supporting the hypothesis that HIV-1 N results from a recombination event. SIVcpz from chimpanzees born in the wild in Cameroon are thus strongly related in env to HIV-1 N from Cameroon, demonstrating the geographic coincidence of these human and simian viruses and providing a further strong argument in favor of the origin of HIV-1 being in chimpanzees.
Some new aspects of polymerization reaction (1979)

This paper deals with general and also specific aspects of matrix polyreactions on macromolecular templates, namely, mutual assistance of active centres of propagating chains and template units in elementry steps of propagatior. Such assistance has been found in polymerization of 4-vinylpyridine on polyacids and propargyl compounds on poly-4-vinylpyridine. These examples have shown that these kinds of assistance are the crucial points in kinetic template effects.
Combustion Characteristics of Solid Waste Fuels Burning in High Temperature and Low Oxygen Atmosphere (2003)

Previous studies had concluded that the avian telencephalon develops according to an outside-in schedule of neurogenesis, with relatively little migration of young neuroblasts past older cells. These previous studies had, however, been based on the "cumulative labeling" method, which is less accurate than the "pulse-labeling" method typically used in mammals. In the present study, we pulse-labeled chick embryos by injecting low doses of the thymidine analog bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) directly into the circulatory system of chick embryos at 6 d of incubation. The brains of these embryos were then examined for anti-BrdU-labeled cells at postinjection survival times from 30 min to 10 d. Comparisons across different survival times, as well as with cases in which BrdU was injected on day 7, suggested that our effective pulse duration is <24 hr. This was confirmed by injecting tritiated thymidine 24 hr after the BrdU and seeing no double-labeled cells. Several deviations from the previously reported pattern of telencephalic neurogenesis were also noted. Most importantly, the cells born on day 6 in the avian Wulst, the likely homolog of mammalian neocortex, end up homogeneously distributed throughout the Wulst, which suggests that many of them are migrating past older cells. Furthermore, the cells born on day 6 in the ventral hyperstriatum and dorsal neostriatum gradually (over the course of 2-3 d) aggregate into distinct multicellular clusters, which suggests that isochronic cells in these regions adhere preferentially to one another. Finally, the data reveal a proliferative subventricular zone similar to that observed in the ganglionic eminences of mammalian embryos.
The Approximability of Constraint Satisfaction Problems (2001)

We study optimization problems that may be expressed as "Boolean constraint satisfaction problems." An instance of a Boolean constraint satisfaction problem is given by m constraints applied to n Boolean variables. Different computational problems arise from constraint satisfaction problems depending on the nature of the "underlying" constraints as well as on the goal of the optimization task. Here we consider four possible goals: Max CSP (Min CSP) is the class of problems where the goal is to find an assignment maximizing the number of satisfied constraints (minimizing the number of unsatisfied constraints). Max Ones (Min Ones) is the class of optimization problems where the goal is to find an assignment satisfying all constraints with maximum (minimum) number of variables set to 1. Each class consists of infinitely many problems and a problem within a class is specified by a finite collection of finite Boolean functions that describe the possible constraints that may be used. Tight bounds on the approximability of every problem in Max CSP were obtained by Creignou [ J. Comput. System Sci., 51 (1995), pp. 511--522]. In this work we determine tight bounds on the "approximability" (i.e., the ratio to within which each problem may be approximated in polynomial time) of every problem in Max Ones, Min CSP, and Min Ones. Combined with the result of Creignou, this completely classifies all optimization problems derived from Boolean constraint satisfaction. Our results capture a diverse collection of optimization problems such as MAX 3-SAT, Max Cut, Max Clique, Min Cut, Nearest Codeword, etc. Our results unify recent results on the (in-)approximability of these optimization problems and yield a compact presentation of most known results. Moreover, these results provide a formal basis to many statements on the behavior of natural optimization problems that have so far been observed only empirically.
On the Difficulty of Securing Web Applications Using CryptDB (2014)

Crypt DB has been proposed as a practical and secure middleware to protect databases deployed on semi-honest cloud servers. While CD provides sufficient protection under Threat-1, here we demonstrate that when CD is deployed to secure the cloud hosted database of a realistic Web application, an attacker to database or a Malicious Database Administrator (mDBA) can easily steal information, and even escalate his privilege to become the administrator of the Web application. Our attacks, fall under a restricted form of Threat-2 where we only assume that the attackers or the mDBA tampers with the CD protected database and is opens an ordinary user account through the Web application. Our attacks, are carried out assuming perfectly secure proxy and application servers. Therefore, the attacks work without recovering the master key residing on the proxy server. At the root of the attack lies the lack of any integrity checks for the data in the CD database. We propose a number of practical countermeasures to mitigate attacks targeting the integrity of the CD database. We also demonstrate that the data integrity is not sufficient to protect the databases, when query integrity and frequency attacks are considered.
Trade-Offs between Latency, Complexity, and Load Balancing with Multicast Algorithms (2009)

The increasing number of collective communication-based services with a mass interest and the parallel increasing demand for service quality are paving the way toward end-to-end QoS guarantees. Although many multicast algorithms in interconnection networks have been widely reported in the literature, most of them handle the multicast communication within limited performance metrics, i.e., either delay/latency or throughput. In contrast, this study investigates the multicast communication within a group of QoS constrains, namely latency, jitter, throughput, and additional traffic caused. In this paper, we present the Qualified Groups (QGs) as a novel path-based multicast algorithm for interconnection networks. To the best of our knowledge, the QG is the first multicast algorithm that considers the multicast latency at both the network and node levels across different traffic scenarios in interconnection networks. Our analysis shows that the proposed multicast algorithm exhibits superior performance characteristics over other well-known path-based multicast algorithms under different operating conditions. In addition, our results show that the QG can significantly improve the parallelism of the multicast communication.
Asymptotic estimates for localized electromagnetic modes in doubly periodic structured with defects (2007)

International audience
Spinal Cord Stimulation (1993)

Selected Faculty Abstracts for the American Academy of Pain Medicine Annual Scientific Meeting February 13–14, 1993: PDF Only
Identification of an Immunogenic CTL Epitope of HIFPH3 for Immunotherapy of Renal Cell Carcinoma (2008)

HIFPH3 may be a target antigen in immunotherapy for RCC and HIFPH3-8 peptide could be used as a peptide vaccine for HLA-A*2402(+)/HIFPH3(+) RCC patients.