gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design of Two-Channel Low-Delay FIR Filter Banks using Constrained Optimization (2000)

This paper shows the efficiency of using constrained optimization for designing two-channel low-delay finite impulse response filter banks. The filter banks under consideration are quadrature mirror filter (QMF) banks and perfect reconstruction (PR) biorthogonal filter banks. The design problems for both types of banks are stated as constrained minimization problems in forms that enable us to minimize the maximum of the stopband energies of the analysis filter(s) subject to the given passband and transition band constraints of the filter(s) as well as subject to the given allowable reconstruction error for QMF banks or the PR property for biorthogonal filter banks. For solving the given optimization problems a modified Dutta-Vidyasagar optimization technique has been used. The efficiency of the proposed design methods is illustrated by means of some examples.
Femtosecond Surface Plasmon Interferometry with Gold Nanostructures (2009)

We measure the ultrafast electron dynamics in gold via ultrafast surface plasmon interferometry. A new plasmonic micronterferometer with tilted slit-groove pair is used to unambiguously determine changes of real and imaginary parts of the dielectric function.
In Situ and Ex Situ Investigations of KF Postdeposition Treatment Effects on CIGS Solar Cells (2016)

In situ and ex situ characterization were performed to assess the effects of potassium fluoride postdeposition treatment (KF PDT) on Cu(In,Ga)Se <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> (CIGS) films and solar cells. Real-time spectroscopic ellipsometry enabled the in situ observation of the modification of the CIGS dielectric function and surface roughness thickness during KF PDT. In addition, deep-level transient spectroscopies (DLTS) and deep-level optical spectroscopies and scanning-DLTS enabled the identification of the nature and location of trap levels. Two main traps were present in both films near E <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">v</sub> + 0.56/0.61 eV and E <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">v</sub> + 0.99 eV, but with clearly lower concentrations for the latter in the KF PDT film. Finally, devices were fabricated, and higher efficiencies were found for the KF PDT devices. SCAPS modeling indicates that the traps identified by deep-level spectroscopies are in part responsible for these changes.
MetaRNA-Seq: An Interactive Tool to Browse and Annotate Metadata from RNA-Seq Studies (2015)

The number of RNA-Seq studies has grown in recent years. The design of RNA-Seq studies varies from very simple (e.g., two-condition case-control) to very complicated (e.g., time series involving multiple samples at each time point with separate drug treatments). Most of these publically available RNA-Seq studies are deposited in NCBI databases, but their metadata are scattered throughout four different databases: Sequence Read Archive (SRA), Biosample, Bioprojects, and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Although the NCBI web interface is able to provide all of the metadata information, it often requires significant effort to retrieve study- or project-level information by traversing through multiple hyperlinks and going to another page. Moreover, project- and study-level metadata lack manual or automatic curation by categories, such as disease type, time series, case-control, or replicate type, which are vital to comprehending any RNA-Seq study. Here we describe "MetaRNA-Seq," a new tool for interactively browsing, searching, and annotating RNA-Seq metadata with the capability of semiautomatic curation at the study level.
250-WATT(e) ISOTOPE-FUELED THERMIONIC GENERATOR STUDY. Final Report. (1963)

96 Converter Efficiency vs Transformer Weight 97 Transformer Loss vs Transformer Weight 98 Converter Efficiency vs Watts per Pound of Converter Weight 98 250-Watt Generator Installation 102 ^3 500-Watt Generator Installation
New polymer syntheses, 7. Synthesis and characterization of oligomeric and high molecular weight poly(4‐hydroxybenzoate) (1983)

Abstract Poly(4‐hydroxybenzoate) was prepared under a variety of reaction conditions. In addition to using the well‐known monomers 4‐acetoxybenzoic acid and phenyl 4‐hydroxybenzoate, p ‐tolyl 4‐hydroxybenzoate, 4‐pivaloyloxybenzoic acid, and 4‐trimethylsiloxybenzoyl chloride were also condensed. A new routine method for the determination of number average molecular weights ( M̄ n ) was developed, namely 1 H NMR spectroscopic end‐groups analysis of hydrolyzed poly‐(4‐hydroxybenzoate). By means of this technique, the relationships between monomer structure or reaction conditions, on the one hand, and the polymerization mechanism and polymer properties (e.g. M̄ n ), on the other hand, were investigated. Whereas bulk condensations yield molecular weights of less than 10 000, polycondensations in solution may lead to values in the range of 20000 – 50000. The best results with respect to both yield and M̄ n were obtained with 4‐acetoxybenzoic acid and 4‐trimethylsiloxybenzoyl chloride. Regardless of the nature of the monomer, condensations in solution lead at first to precipitation of oligomer crystals with D̄P̄'s in the range of 6–8. Due to intra‐ and intercrystalline transesterifications, chain growth continues in these oligomer crystals even in the absence of monomer or solvent. New reaction mechanisms are discussed. Depending on the nature of the monomer and the reaction conditions, poly(4‐hydroxybenzoate) can adopt various crystal modifications. The thermal stability depends on both the degree of polymerization and crystal modifications.
Terahertz Radiation Increases Genomic Instability in Human Lymphocytes (2008)

Terahertz radiation is increasingly being applied in new and evolving technologies applied in areas such as homeland security and medical imaging. Thus a timely assessment of the potential hazards and health effects of occupational and general population exposure to THz radiation is required. We applied continuous-wave (CW) 0.1 THz radiation (0.031 mW/ cm(2)) to dividing lymphocytes for 1, 2 and 24 h and examined the changes in chromosome number of chromosomes 1, 10, 11 and 17 and changes in the replication timing of their centromeres using interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Chromosomes 11 and 17 were most vulnerable (about 30% increase in aneuploidy after 2 and 24 h of exposure), while chromosomes 1 and 10 were not affected. We observed changes in the asynchronous mode of replication of centromeres 11, 17 and 1 (by 40%) after 2 h of exposure and of all four centromeres after 24 h of exposure (by 50%). It is speculated that these effects are caused by radiation-induced low-frequency collective vibrational modes of proteins and DNA. Our results demonstrate that exposure of lymphocytes in vitro to a low power density of 0.1 THz radiation induces genomic instability. These findings, if verified, may suggest that such exposure may result in an increased risk of cancer.
Multiple four-wave mixing in optical fibres (2014)

We propose a general formulation to derive the set of equations of a multiple four-wave mixing process involving any number N of waves, equally spaced in frequency. We compare the model with experimental results for N=6 and find excellent agreement.
Lung cancer-derived EGFR mutations affect responses to tyrosine kinase inhibitors, but not to monoclonal antibodies (2007)

3044 Background: The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) serves as a molecular target for novel cancer therapeutic approaches. Two groups of anti-EGFR agents are clinically most advanced: tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) and EGFR antibodies. Recently, somatic mutations in the EGFR kinase domain were identified in tumors from lung cancer patients, which affected EGFR signaling and which correlated with responses to TKI therapy. Since interference with tumor cell signaling is also considered an important mechanism of action for therapeutic antibodies, we investigated the influence of these intracellular EGFR mutations on cell killing by EGFR antibodies, in comparison to TKI. Methods: For this purpose, we established an EGF-responsive, non-transformed cell line model for the three most common lung cancer-derived intracellular EGFR mutations L858R, G719S and delE746-A750. EGFR phosphorylation status was analyzed by Western Blots. MTT assays were performed to compare TKI gefitinib and erlotinib with antibodies C225 and 2F8 in their capacity to inhibit cell growth of wild type and mutated EGFR-transfectants. Impact of intracellular EGFR mutations on immune cell-mediated killing by EGFR antibodies was measured in classical 3 hours 51-chromium-release assays. Results: Mutated EGFR transfected cells were growth factor- responsive, and significantly more sensitive to both gefitinib and erlotinib than wild type (WT) EGFR expressing cells. However, anti-tumor effector functions of both EGFR-directed IgG1 antibodies—chimeric C225 and fully human 2F8—were not affected by the mutations. Conclusions: Intracellular mutations of EGFR may, therefore, be less relevant for EGFR antibodies than for TKI. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Thermally enhanced second-harmonic generation from<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Si</mml:mi><mml:mn/><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mn>111</mml:mn><mml:mo>)</mml:mo><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mn>7</mml:mn><mml:mn/><mml:mo>×</mml:mo><mml:mn>7</mml:mn></mml:math>and “<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>×</mml:mo><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:math>” (1999)

The anisotropic component of the nonlinear susceptibility of $\mathrm{Si}(111)\ensuremath{-}7\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}7$ around 3.3 eV two-photon energy, known to originate in the strained surface layer, is observed to increase with temperature accompanied by a jump in response to the phase transition to ``$1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1.$'' The temperature dependence of the second-harmonic response, attributable to the $\mathrm{Si}(111)\ensuremath{-}7\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}7$ and ``$1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1$'' structural symmetry, is related with the modifications induced by thermal excitation of surface phonon modes in either the structural symmetry or strain in the surface layers.
A Propensity Score Matched Approach to Assess the Associations of Commonly Prescribed Medications with Fall Risk in a Large Harmonized Cohort of Older Ambulatory Persons (2021)

Many commonly prescribed medication classes showed no associations with fall risk in a relatively healthy population of community-dwelling older persons. However, the treatment effects and risks can be heterogeneous between individuals. Therefore, focusing on identification of individuals at risk is warranted to optimize personalized falls prevention.
Advanced structural geometry studies. Part 2: A geometric transformation concept for expanding rigid structures (1971)

The safety evaluation of Capparis erythrocarpus (CE) on chronic administration at 18 and 180 mg kg(-1) body weight for 6 months was investigated in male Sprague-Dawley rats. The effects of CE on certain serum biochemical, haematological, urine and histopathological determinations were used as indices of organ specific toxicity. Also the effects of CE on rat blood clotting time and pentobarbital-induced sleeping time were determined. Results indicate that CE had no effect on urine, haematological and serum biochemical indices at termination of treatment with the exception of serum ALT level which was significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated in a dose-dependent fashion (21-35%). There were also no differences in blood clotting time and pentobarbital-induced sleeping time between CE-treated and control animals. Histopathological studies showed that CE did not adversely affect the morphology of the liver, kidney and heart tissues. However, lungs of CE-treated animals showed slight but insignificant inflammatory response in alveolar areas and Clara cell hyperplasia without the thickening of alveolar septa and bronchiolar epithelial wall. Organ weights were not adversely affected by CE treatment. There were significant (p < 0.05) changes in weight of CE-treated animals with duration of treatment compared to control. These results suggest that there is no organ specific toxicity associated with chronic administration of CE in rats and its ability to reduce body weight may be useful for slimming in obese persons.
EFFECTS OF HYPOTHALAMIC EXTRACT AND DIBUTYRYL CYCLIC ADENOSINE MONOPHOSPHATE ON FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE PRODUCTION IN THE RAT ADENOHYPOPHYSIS IN VITRO (1975)

An assay system, using the characteristic migration of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) on polyacrylamide gels, was developed to evaluate the effects of hypothalamic factors on amino acid incorporation into FSH in the rat adenohypophysis incubated in vitro. Follicle-stimulating hormone extracted from rat pituitary secretory granules was found to migrate on 7-5% polyacrylamide gels, pH 9-5, as a protein with an Rf of 0-614. The characteristic Rf was used to measure [14C]amino acid incorpotation into FSH in rat adenohypophyses in vitro. Follicle-stimulating hormone synthesis increased after addition of crude hypothalamic extract to the incubation medium. Hormone synthesis was also increased three times after the addition of dibutyryl cyclic AMP.
Administration of exogenous endothelin-1 following vascular balloon injury: early and late effects on intimal hyperplasia (2001)

Administration of exogenous endothelin-1 (ET-1) has been shown to stimulate neointimal hyperplasia following arterial balloon angioplasty (BA). However, the specific effects of ET-1 on the cellular and extracellular matrix response of the vessel wall after balloon injury and the persistence of these ET-1 effects have not been studied. The objectives of this study were to determine the acute (1 week) and long term (10 weeks) effects of administering exogenous ET-1 after arterial BA on neointimal hyperplasia, collagen synthesis and content, cellular proliferation, and ET(A) and ET(B) receptor expression. Thirty-one rabbits were randomized to receive subcutaneous ET-1 (500 pmol/kg/day for 1 week) or placebo time-release pellets and sacrificed at either 1 or 10 weeks after BA. At 1 week, there was a significant two-fold increase in intimal cross-sectional area (CSA) in ET-1 treated animals compared with placebo. ET-1 treated animals showed significant increases in collagen synthesis (ten-fold) and collagen content (three-fold) compared to placebo treated animals. ET-1 treated animals also had a significant increase (two-fold) in proliferation rates. In addition, ET(A) and ET(B) receptor expression were significantly upregulated in ET-1 treated animals. By 10 weeks these stimulatory effects on intimal CSA and collagen content were no longer evident with a 'catch up' phenomenon observed in the placebo treated animals. Similarly, ET(A) and ET(B) mRNA levels had declined significantly in both groups. Therefore, exogenous ET-1 acutely stimulates extracellular and cellular processes including increased expression of ET(A) and ET(B) receptors contributing to intimal hyperplasia. However, these effects are transient and not maintained long term after withdrawal of exogenous ET-1 stimulation.
A Data Acquisition Method for Dynamic Vehicle Testing (1976)

This paper discusses the development and construction of a Mobile Telemetry Instrument Facility (MTIF) used for the acquisition of dynamic vehicle test data. Selection and application of the instrumentation such as light beam oscillographs, Mecca or floating ground systems, environmental control, on-line data analysis, and instrument calibration equipment are explained. /GMRL/
The Performance of Pressure-Exchanger Dividers and Equalizers (1969)

Tests are reported which were carried out to establish the performance of pressure-exchanger dividers and equalizers using air as the working fluid. The effects of varying rotor speed, port geometry, and port pressure ratios were explored. It was concluded that, at low pressure ratios, pressure-exchanger dividers and equalizers are comparable in performance with their turbomachine counterparts.
ATF2 on the double – activating transcription factor and DNA damage response protein (2007)

Signal transduction pathways play a key role in the regulation of key cellular processes, including survival and death. Growing evidence points to changes in signaling pathway that occur during skin tumor development and progression. Such changes impact the activity of downstream substrates, including transcription factors. The activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) has been implicated in malignant and non-malignant skin tumor developments. ATF2 mediates both transcription and DNA damage control, through its phosphorylation by JNK/p38 or ATM/ATR respectively. Here, we summarize our present understanding of ATF2 regulation, function and contribution to malignant and non-malignant skin tumor development.
Low-Complexity Adaptive Block-Size Transform Based on Extended Transforms (2006)

In this paper, a low-complexity 8times8/4times4 adaptive block-size transform (ABT) scheme is tentatively proposed for the Chinese audio and video coding standard (AVS). In the proposed ABT scheme, an integer 8times8 transform is derived from the integer 4times4 transform used in AVS according to a transform extension principle. The 8times8 transform not only has high energy compacted property but also can be merely implemented within several additions and shifts, and all intermediate results are limited with 16-bit. The 8times8 transform and 4times4 transform can be merged together and share the same scale matrix so that the hardware units and storage resources are efficiently saved for both encoder and decoder. The experimental results on numerous sequences show that the proposed ABT scheme can achieve significant performance improvement for AVS
Antidiabetic PPARγ-Activator Rosiglitazone Reduces MMP-9 Serum Levels in Type 2 Diabetic Patients With Coronary Artery Disease (2003)

MMP-9 levels are increased in type 2 diabetic patients with CAD, and treatment of these patients with the antidiabetic PPARgamma-activator rosiglitazone significantly reduces MMP-9, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and SAA serum levels. These data support anti-inflammatory and potential antiatherogenic effects of thiazolidinediones.
Efficient Non-Binary Hamming Codes for Limited Magnitude Errors in MLC PCMs (2018)

Emerging non-volatile main memories (e.g. phase change memories) have been the continuous focus of research currently. These memories provide an attractive alternative to DRAM with their high density and low cost. But the dominant error models in these memories are of limited magnitude caused by resistance drifts. Hamming codes have been used extensively to protect DRAM due to their low decoding latency and low redundancy as well. But with limited magnitude errors, traditional Hamming codes prove to be inefficient. This paper proposes a new systematic limited magnitude error correcting non-binary Hamming code specifically to address limited magnitude errors in multilevel cell memories storing multiple bits per cell. A general construction methodology is presented to correct errors of limited magnitude and is compared to existing schemes addressing limited magnitude errors in phase change memories. A syndrome analysis is done to show the reduction in total number of syndromes for limited magnitude error models. It is shown that the proposed codes provide better latency and complexity compared to existing limited magnitude error correcting non-binary Hamming codes. It is also shown that the proposed codes achieve better redundancy compared to the symbol extended version of binary Hamming codes.
Altered thalamocortical rhythmicity and connectivity in mice lacking Ca <sub>V</sub> 3.1 T-type Ca <sup>2+</sup> channels in unconsciousness (2015)

In unconscious status (e.g., deep sleep and anesthetic unconsciousness) where cognitive functions are not generated there is still a significant level of brain activity present. Indeed, the electrophysiology of the unconscious brain is characterized by well-defined thalamocortical rhythmicity. Here we address the ionic basis for such thalamocortical rhythms during unconsciousness. In particular, we address the role of CaV3.1 T-type Ca(2+) channels, which are richly expressed in thalamic neurons. Toward this aim, we examined the electrophysiological and behavioral phenotypes of mice lacking CaV3.1 channels (CaV3.1 knockout) during unconsciousness induced by ketamine or ethanol administration. Our findings indicate that CaV3.1 KO mice displayed attenuated low-frequency oscillations in thalamocortical loops, especially in the 1- to 4-Hz delta band, compared with control mice (CaV3.1 WT). Intriguingly, we also found that CaV3.1 KO mice exhibited augmented high-frequency oscillations during unconsciousness. In a behavioral measure of unconsciousness dynamics, CaV3.1 KO mice took longer to fall into the unconscious state than controls. In addition, such unconscious events had a shorter duration than those of control mice. The thalamocortical interaction level between mediodorsal thalamus and frontal cortex in CaV3.1 KO mice was significantly lower, especially for delta band oscillations, compared with that of CaV3.1 WT mice, during unconsciousness. These results suggest that the CaV3.1 channel is required for the generation of a given set of thalamocortical rhythms during unconsciousness. Further, that thalamocortical resonant neuronal activity supported by this channel is important for the control of vigilance states.
Activation‐regulated expression and chemotactic function of sphingosine 1‐phosphate receptors in mouse splenic T cells (2002)

Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) from platelets and macrophages stimulates migration and enhances survival of T cells. Mouse spleen CD4 and CD8 T cells are shown to express predominantly S1P1 (Edg-1) and S1P4 (Edg-6) G-protein-coupled receptors with only minimal representation of S1P2, S1P3, and S1P5. At and below plasma concentrations of healthy mammals (1 nM-1 microM), S1P evokes trans-Matrigel chemotaxis of mouse CD4 and CD8 T cells and recruits T cells into subcutaneous air pouches. T cell receptor-mediated activation of CD4 T cells suppresses expression of S1P1 and S1P4 receptors and eliminates their chemotactic responses to S1P. The immunoregulator FTY720, a structural homologue of S1P, lacks T cell chemotactic activity and competitively inhibits T cell chemotactic responses to S1P in vitro and in vivo. S1P may be a distinctive contributor to compartmental immunity by attracting naïve and memory T cells preferentially over activated effector T cells.