gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Systematic Variations in Stress State in the Southern San Joaquin Valley: Inferences Based on Well-Bore Data and Contemporary Seismicity (1994)

Analysis of stress-induced well-bore breakouts in 35 wells from 10 production fields in the southern San Joaquin Valley (SSJV) indicates systematic spatial variations in the direction of the maximum horizontal stresses at three different scales. First, the regional northeast-southwest compressional stress direction seen along the western margin of the San Joaquin Valley in the Elk Hills, Kettleman Hills, and Coalinga areas, gradually changes to approximately north-south compression over a distance of 10-20 km in the SSJV. This major excursion in the stress field seen in the Yowlumne, Yowlumne North, Paloma, and Rio Viejo production fields represents an approximately 40° counterclockwise rotation in the direction of the maximum horizontal stress (SHmax). Th s systematic reorientation is consistent with approximately north-south convergence as seen in the local fold axes and reverse faults of Pliocene age and younger. Second, at the extreme southern reaches of the SSJV in the San Emidio, Los Lobos, Pleito, Wheeler Ridge, and North Tejon fields, another systematic, but localized, reorientation in the stress field indicates an abrupt change to an approximately east-northeast--west-southwest compression over a distance of a few kilometers. This latter reorientation of SHmax stress direction, which is inconsistent with the local east-west--trending fold axes and thrust faults, represents a 40-50° clockwise rotation in the stresses; this reorientation appears to be limited to production fields located within the inferred hanging w ll of the White Wolf fault that ruptured during the 1952 Ms 7.8 Kern County earthquake. Inversion of earthquake focal mechanisms of events located below the perturbed stress field indicates approximately north-south compression. The stress drop associated with the 1952 earthquake may have been responsible for rotating the SHmax stress direction from the regional approximately north-south to approximately east-northeast--west-southwest in the southernmost SSJV, implying that the remote horizontal stresses are comparable in magnitude. Finally, localized stress perturbations observed at the scale of a few meters in several wells may reflect local perturbations in the stress field, resulting from slip along small faults penetrated by the borehole. Knowledge of the nonun formity in the SSJV stress field is important for designing development programs for production fields in terms of borehole stability, propagation of hydraulic fractures, and fluid transport properties.
Synaptonemal complex formation in male scorpions exhibiting achiasmate meiosis and structural heterozygosity (1990)

Synaptonemal complex (SC) formation was studied in testicular material from individuals of a number of species from two families of Australian scorpions; Buthidae and Scorpionidae. These scorpions exhibit unusual cytogenetic features including achiasmate male meiosis, interchange heterozygosity, and centromeric fusion–fission and inversion heterozygosity. The synaptic behaviour of chromosomes involved in these rearrangements was studied from zygotene to metaphase I, using both meiotic chromosome preparations and techniques for examination of the SCs. Multivalent associations present during the achiasmate meiosis of both buthid and scorpionid scorpions are retained from prophase to metaphase I, unlike those present in polyploid achiasmate Bombyx females. Further evidence suggests that synaptic adjustment does not occur generally in achiasmate scorpionid inversion heterozygotes. However, for some inversions, pairing is seen to become more heterosynaptic from late prophase to metaphase I and this may be related to the pairing maintenance system during achiasmate meiosis in these specialized organisms.Key words: synaptonemal complex, achiasmate meiosis, heterozygosity, interchange, inversion.
Helically arranged azobenzene chromophores along a polypeptide chain. 2. Prediction of conformations and calculation of theoretical circular dichroism (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHelically arranged azobenzene chromophores along a polypeptide chain. 2. Prediction of conformations and calculation of theoretical circular dichroismMasahiko Sisido, Yoshirio Ishikawa, Masataka Harada, and Kenjy ItohCite this: Macromolecules 1991, 24, 14, 3999–4003Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00014a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00014a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views149Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
5'-Azido-2',5'-dideoxythymidine (1995)

The crystal structure of 5'-azido-2',5'-dideoxythymidine, C 10 H 13 N 5 O 4 , contains two independent molecules. Both molecules are very similar, differing only in the orientation of the azido group. The sugar rings have approximately C(1')-exo, C(2')-endo furanose rings with the base in the anti conformation. The orientation about the C(4')-C(5') bond is gauche-gauche (+sc) for both molecules.
Thresholds for surface wave generation on acoustically levitated gas bubbles (1989)

When a gas bubble is acoustically levitated in a standing wave, the spherically symmetric volume oscillations can readily couple into surface waves [M. Strasberg and T. B. Benjamin, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 30, 697 (1958)]. Using a light scattering technique, the threshold for inception of individual surface waves was examined and the results were compared with both analytical and numerical calculations of this threshold. The observed and calculated values are generally in agreement although the identity of the surface wave mode is difficult to determine. [Work supported in part by the Office of Naval Research.]
Lógica y persuasión en trabajos académicos: aspectos clave en la redacción y presentación de tesis doctorales y trabajos de final de máster. (2017)

Una vez concluida la investigación de una tesis doctoral o de un trabajo final de máster, la redacción del documento que deberá presentarse para su defensa y aprobación debe cumplir con un grupo de requerimientos de calidad que en este trabajo se distribuyen alrededor de los conceptos de lógica y persuasión. Ambos son detallados y explicados.
Age-associated mitochondrial DNA deletions in mouse skeletal muscle: Comparison of different regions of the mitochondrial genome (1996)

The abundance of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions has been shown to increase with age in a number of species and may contribute to the aging process. Estimating the total mtDNA deletion load of an individual is essential in evaluating the potential physiological impact. In this study, we compared three 5-kb regions of the mitochondrial genome: one in the major arc, one in the minor arc, and a third containing the light strand origin of replication. Through PCR analysis of mouse skeletal muscle, we have determined that not all regions produce equal numbers of age-associated deletions. There are, on average, twofold more detectable deletions in the major arc region than in the minor arc region. Deletions that result in the loss of the light strand origin of replication are rarely detected. Furthermore, the mechanism of deletion formation seems to be similar in both the major and minor arcs, with direct repeats playing an important, although not essential, role.
<i>In Situ</i> ‐Toughened Silicon Carbide (1994)

A new processing strategy based on atmospheric pressure sintering is presented for obtaining dense SiC‐based materials with microstructures consisting of (i) uniformly distributed elongate‐shaped α‐SiC grains and (ii) relatively high amounts (20 vol%) of second‐phase yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG). This strategy entails the sintering of β‐SiC powder doped with α‐SiC, Al 2 O 3 , and Y 2 O 3 . The Al 2 O 3 and Y 2 O 3 aid in the liquid‐phase sintering of SiC and form in situ YAG, which has a significant thermal expansion mismatch with SiC. During a subsequent grain‐growth heat treatment, it is postulated that the α‐SiC “seeds” assist in controlling in situ growth of the elongated α‐SiC grains. The fracture pattern in the in situ ‐toughened SiC is intergranular with evidence of copious crack‐wake bridging, akin to toughened Si 3 N 4 ceramics. The elongate nature of the α‐SiC grains, together with the high thermal‐residual stresses in the microstructure, enhance the observed crack‐wake bridging. This bridging accounts for a measured twofold increase in the indentation toughness of this new class of in situ ‐toughened SiC relative to a commercial SiC.
Molekulare Architektur mit funktionalisierten β‐Peptid‐Helices (2003)

Die spezifische Erkennung von β-Peptid-Helices wird durch Nucleo-β-aminosäuren in jeder dritten Position von β-Peptid-Oligomeren vermittelt. Für die außerordentlich hohe Stabilität der in wässrigem Puffer gebildeten Paarungskomplexe (siehe Bild) ist die ausgeprägte Vororganisation der Nucleobasen durch das Rückgrat einer 14-Helix wesentlich. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2003/z51871_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Thirteen-Week Inhalation Toxicity of N,N-Dimethylformamide in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (2003)

Male and female F-344 rats and B6C3F1 mice (10/sex/group) were exposed to N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) by whole body inhalation exposure at 0, 50, 100, 200, 400, or 800 ppm, 6 h/day, 5 days/week, for 13 weeks. A concentration-dependent depression in body weight occurred in rats of both sexes at 400 (6-11%) and 800 ppm (20-22%). In contrast, all weight changes in both sexes of mice were within 10% of controls. No rats died, while 5 mice died from nonexposure-related causes. Relative liver weights were significantly increased at all DMF concentrations in both sexes and both species. Activities of serum sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) were statistically increased in male and female rats (200 to 800 ppm) on study days 4, 24, and 91 (13 weeks). Activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICD) were statistically increased in both sexes of rats exposed to 800 ppm DMF at all time points. Cholesterol (CHOL) levels were statistically increased in male and female rats (50-800 ppm) at all sampling time points. Levels of total bile acids (TBA) were statistically increased in both sexes of rats (400-800 ppm) on days 24 and 91. Centrilobular hepatocellular necrosis (minimal to moderate) was seen in rats of both sexes exposed at 400 and 800 ppm, with the lesions more severe in females. Centrilobular hepatocellular hypertrophy (minimal to mild) was found in all groups of DMF-exposed male mice, and in female mice exposed at 100-800 ppm. For male and female rats the no-observed-adverse-effect concentration (NOAEC) for microscopic liver injury was 200 ppm. The NOAEC was 50 ppm for female mice, but an NOAEC based upon the absence of microscopic liver injury was not determined in male mice.
An Approach to Rheological Evaluation of Dynamic Water Retention Measurements for Paper Coating Suspensions (2003)

An Approach to Rheological Evaluation of Dynamic Water Retention Measurements for Paper Coating Suspensions
The viscosity of pure liquid zinc. determined by oscillating a cylindrical vessel (1964)

An oscillational viscometer has been constructed to measure the viscosity of liquid metals and alloys to 800°C. An enclosed cylindrical interface surrounds the molten sample, avoiding the free surface condition found in many previous measurements . Standardization of the apparatus with mercury has verified the use of Roscoe's formula in the calculation of the viscosity. Operation of the apparatus at higher temperatures was also checked, using molten lead. Extensive measurements on five different samples of zinc of not less than 99 . 9 9 % purity indicate that (i) impurities at this level do not influence the viscosity, and (ii) the apparatus is capable Cd giving reproducible data. The variation of the viscosity, 1 , , with absolute temperature 1 T is adequately expressed by Andrade's exponential relationship n V.3. =Ae r where A and C are constants and V is the specific volume of the liquid. The values of A and C are given as 2.485 x 10 -3 and 20.78, 2.444 x 10 -3 and 88.79, 2 .169 x 10 -3 and 239.8, respectively, for mercury, lead, and zinc. The error of measurement is assessed t6 be about 1%. No prefreezing phenomena were found in the vicinity of the freezing point of the zinc samples.
Calibrating Scalable Multi-Projector Displays Using Camera Homography Trees (2001)

We present a practical vision-based calibration system for large format multi-projector displays. A spanning tree of homographies, automatically constructed from several camera images, accurately registers arbitrarily-mounted projectors to a global reference frame. Experiments on the 18&apos;#8&apos; Princeton Display Wall (a 24 projector array with 6000#3000 resolution) demonstrate that our algorithm achieves sub-pixel accuracy even on large display surfaces. A direct comparison with the previous best algorithm shows that our technique is significantly more accurate, requires far fewer camera images, and runs faster by an order of magnitude.
Wavefield Reconstruction and Design as Discrete Inverse Problems (2008)

A novel discrete model for the wavefield propagation is proposed. This model is accurate for a pixel-wise constant object distribution, i.e. for a object distribution which is piece-wise invariant on rectangular elements of pixel's size of a digital hologram CCD sensor. We apply this model for two different inverse problems: reconstruction of an object complex-valued distribution from holographic data and design of a digital hologram giving a desirable distribution as result of the wavefield propagation. The efficiency and advantage of the developed algorithm are demonstrated.
Modeling student retention in science and engineering disciplines using neural networks (2011)

Attracting more students into science and engineering disciplines concerned many researchers for decades. Literature used traditional statistical methods and qualitative techniques to identify factors that affect student retention up most and predict their persistence. In this paper we developed two neural network models using a feed-forward backpropagation network to predict retention for students in science and engineering fields. The first model is used to predict incoming freshmen retention and identify correlated pre-college factors. The second model is to classify freshmen groups into three classes: at-risk, intermediate, and advanced students. With total of 338 samples used, 70.1% of students classified correctly.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization, and Crystal Structure of a Hexaaza Macrocyclic Complex of Lutetium(III). (1986)

Abstract The Schiff‐base condensation of 2,6‐diacetylpyridine and 1,2‐diaminoethane ,in the presence of Lu(III) acetate (MeOH, reflux, 6 h), followed by precipitation with perchlorate ions yielded the title complex (I), which crystallizes in the space group P1 with Z=2.
Development of an efficient extraction method for oxytetracycline in animal manure for high performance liquid chromatography analysis (2010)

Oxytetracycline (2-(amino-hydroxy-methylidene)-4-dimethylamino-5,6,10,11,12a-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-4,4a,5,5a-tetrahydrotetracene-1,3,12-trione) is a major member of the tetracycline antibiotics family of which are widely administered to animals in concentrated animal feeding operations for purposes of therapeutical treatment and health protection. With the disposal of animal manure as fertilizer into agricultural land, tetracyclines enter the environment. However, tetracyclines chelate with multivalent cations and proteins, resulting in low extraction efficiencies from animal manure for tetracycline residue analysis. In this study an efficient extraction method for oxytetracycline from steer manure using methanol/water solution amended with chelating organic acid was developed for the analysis of high performance liquid chromatography. The effect of species and amount of amendment acids, shaking time, methanol/water ratio, manure weight, and repeated times of extraction was investigated. It was optimized to amend 2.5 g citric acid and 1.1 g oxalic acid with 10.0 g manure sample in a 50-ml centrifuge tube and extract with 15 ml methanol/water (9:1 in volume) by vigorously shaking for 30 min in a reciprocating shaker. After centrifugation at 11,000 rpm, supernatant is collected. Sample was extracted for a total of 3 times. The developed extraction method was further applied to extract oxytetracycline from fresh and aged cow manure, swine and poultry manure, and soil. Satisfactory recoveries ranging from (84.1 +/- 2.4) % to (102.0 +/- 3.1) % were obtained, demonstrating that the optimized extraction method is robust for oxytetracycline from different manure sample matrixes.
Improvement in Radiographic Measurements, Posture, Pain & Quality of Life in Non-migraine Headache Patients Undergoing Upper Cervical Chiropractic Care: A Retrospective Practice Based Study (2009)

Background: There is research supporting nociceptive structures in the cervical spine as a common origin for symptoms meeting International Headache Society diagnostic criteria for tension-type headache and cervicogenic headache. The potential to screen non-migraine headache subjects for referral based on posture, and to have that referral meet with a high level of success, is important to health care and to headache research. Objectives: To determine if signs of postural imbalance and Xrays provide measurable indicators of cervical disarrangement related to non-migraine headaches and to determine the effectiveness in everyday practice of manual vectored adjustment of the atlas for attenuation of non-migraine headache pain intensity. Methods: Progression of patients with non-migraine headache following manual, vectored-adjustment of the atlas was assessed by and correlated with pre- to post- adjustment changes in measurements from cervical radiographs, wellness and pain scale instruments, and load and non-load bearing modes of posture. Time-series analysis of VAS scores on patients who were adjusted once is fit to an exponential decay curve. Results: There was statistically significant improvement in postural measurement, X-ray measurements, and in all wellness categories from pre-treatment to post -treatment. Time series analysis of the visual analog pain scale assessments showed a significant reduction in pain intensity within two weeks of treatment for those who received only a single treatment and that the pain intensity for the single-treatment group decreased by approximately 75 percent over the study period. Conclusion: Correction of the atlas subluxation complex using National Upper Cervical Chiropractic Association (NUCCA) protocol may be a possible analgesic for non-migraineespecially cervicogenic- headache.
Effect of interfacial forces on two‐phase capillary pressure—saturation relationships (1991)

Quantitative descriptions of two‐phase flow in the subsurface require knowledge of the capillary pressure‐saturation relationships. The effect of interfacial forces on the drainage capillary pressure‐saturation relationship for organic liquid‐water systems is usually expressed by the ratio of the liquid‐liquid interfacial tensions as given by Leverett's (1941) function. To assess the appropriateness of this approach for primary drainage of organic liquid‐water systems typical of hazardous waste sites and to evaluate its extendability to spontaneous imbibition, measurements were made of these relationships for various immiscible liquid systems in unconsolidated sand. The results showed increasing deviations with decreasing interfacial forces between the measured values and those predicted by a ratio of interfacial tensions. To improve the predictive capability of Leverett's function, forms including the intrinsic contact angle and roughness were examined. Scaling of the capillary pressure relationships was best achieved by including a correction for both interface curvature and roughness. These corrections became significant for drainage for contact angles larger than 35°–55°, and for imbibition for contact angles larger than 15°–25°. None of the forms of Leverett's function examined predicted the increased residual saturation with decreasing interfacial forces observed in this study. Consequently, their ability to scale the measured data was predicated on posing the saturation of the wetting phase in terms of the variable effective saturation.
Experimental Observations of a Thoria Oxide-Ion Sensor in a Molten Salt System (2002)

A uranium oxide reduction process under development at Argonne National Laboratory utilizes a Li/LiCl-based system at 650°C. When is introduced to this system, the lithium metal reduces to metallic uranium and generates A solid electrolyte was selected and tested as an oxide-ion sensor to monitor the concentration of in the molten LiCl during the uranium reduction process. Experimental results indicated that a probe doped with 7.5 wt % was effective at real-time monitoring of the oxide ion resulting from incremental additions of to the Li/LiCl-based system. The experimental results also indicated that the activity and activity coefficient of in molten LiCl at 650°C are consistent with Raoult's law. © 2001 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Temperature Abuse and Time‐Temperature Integrators (2004)

This chapter contains section titled: Temperature Abuse Examples of Temperature Abuse Time-Temperature Integrators (TTIs)
A Modified Procedure for Determining Inulin Space. (1951)

1. Inulin recovery was found to be incomplete in five hours after the termination of a two—hour inulin infusion. Since the unrecovered inulin amounted to an average of 15% of the inulin present in the dog at the time of equilibration, an equivalent error was introduced into the calculation of the inulin space by the method of Gaudino and Levitt. 2. By administering a solution made from pure, accurately weighed, dry inulin, and determining the inulin content of the urine excreted during the infusion, the amount of inulin remaining in the dog can be computed with an average error of only 3.8%. In addition, the time needed for urine collection is greatly reduced.