gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy as a probe of adsorbate-surface bonding: benzene and monosubstituted benzenes adsorbed at gold electrodes (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSurface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy as a probe of adsorbate-surface bonding: benzene and monosubstituted benzenes adsorbed at gold electrodesPing Gao and Michael J. WeaverCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1985, 89, 23, 5040–5046Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100269a031https://doi.org/10.1021/j100269a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1724Altmetric-Citations315LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Executing synchronous dataflow graphs on a SPM-based multicore architecture (2012)

In this paper we are concerned about executing synchronous dataflow (SDF) applications on a multicore architecture where a core has a limited size of scratchpad memory (SPM). Unlike traditional multi-processor scheduling of SDF graphs, we consider the SPM size limitation that incurs code and data overlay overhead. Since the scheduling problem is intractable, we propose an EA(evolutionary algorithm)-based technique. To hide memory latency, prefetching is aggressively performed in the proposed technique. The experimental results show that our approach reduces the overlay overhead significantly compared to a non-optimized approach and the previous approach.
End-to-End Network Slicing for 5G&#38;B Wireless Software-Defined Systems (2018)

As a key enabling technology for 5G&B systems, network virtualization allows multiple service providers to simultaneously and independently serve their users via virtualized network slices. However, this innovative technology cannot slice wireless resources without a paradigm shift in existing hardware-based architectures. In this paper, end-to-end network slicing is treated from a perspective of wireless software-defined networking architectures. It jointly optimizes all communication functionalities in both radio access and core networks to ensure optimal data throughput and congestion-free systems. First, based on software- defined cellular architectures, the idea of end- to-end (across access and core network domains) virtualization is introduced with dedicated control units, including high-level controllers and local baseband servers. Next, a stochastic utility-optimal virtualization problem is formulated, which jointly optimizes congestion control, flow routing, and power slicing to maximize the total incoming rates of wireless/wired flows, while satisfying the flow- queue stability and system-level constraints. After transforming the virtualization problem into a tractable form, an iterative network slicing algorithm is proposed that employs a primal-dual Newton method with quadratic convergence and achieves resource-efficient virtualization via control-unit coordination. Numerical results validate the efficacy of our solution, facilitating the 5G&B infrastructure-as-a-service.
Complete mutational screening of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene: cystic fibrosis mutations are not involved in healthy men with reduced sperm quality (1999)

Based on the analysis of the most frequent mutations responsible for cystic fibrosis (CF), a higher than expected frequency of CF mutations was recently reported in men with infertility due to reduced sperm quality. To further document whether this condition is associated with severe or mild abnormalities of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) functions, we carried out a complete scanning of CFTR sequences using a strategy that detects almost all 850 mutations and 150 polymorphisms reported to date in the CFTR gene. We have investigated a cohort of 56 patients with severe oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT) and 50 controls from southern France for CFTR gene mutations and variations. The frequencies of CF-causing mutations and CFTR variations identified in this OAT sample did not differ significantly from the frequencies found in the normal population. However, we observed a 1.7-fold increase in the proportion of homozygotes for a specific CFTR haplotype (TG11-T7-G1540) in the OAT group (P = 0.025). Our results do not confirm a link between CF mutations and reduced sperm quality. Further studies are needed to substantiate the hypothesis that a combination of variants affecting expression and function of the CFTR protein is associated with male infertility.
Mechatronics : a foundation course (2010)

Mechatronic EngineeringMechatronic SystemsModeling and Design Mechatronic Design Concept Evolution of Mechatronics Application Areas Study of Mechatronics Organization of the Book Basic Elements and Components Mechanical Elements Fluid Elements Thermal Elements Mechanical Components Passive Electrical Elements and MaterialsActive Electronic Components Light Emitters and Displays Light Sensors Modeling of Mechatronic Systems Dynamic Systems and Models Lumped Elements and Analogies Analytical Model Development Model Linearization Linear Graphs Transfer Functions and Frequency-Domain Models Theve
OCR-Algorithm for Detection of Subtitles in Television and Cinema. (2007)

Abstract: The OCR-algorithm (optical character recognition) described in this paper is a module in the assistive device SubPal, which should be able to read subtitles from television and camera aloud. The SubPal system is described in detail in (Nielsen &amp; Bothe, 2007). By sampling the television signal (PAL) a binary image is created. This binary image is analysed using the OCR-algorithm for generating text-strings that can be passed on to a speech synthesis box. The requirements and the implementation of the OCR are discussed and some initial results are presented. The algorithm is developed with the purpose of later being implemented in hardware (FPGA).
Interaction of ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase with transition-state analogs (1980)

2-C-Carboxy-D-ribitol 1,5-bisphosphate and 2-C-carboxy-D-arabinitol 1,5-bisphosphate have been synthesized, purified, and characterized. In the presence of Mg2+, 2-C-carboxy-D-arabinitol 1,5-bisphosphate binds to ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase by a two-step mechanism. The first, rapid step is similar to the binding of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate or its structural analogues. The second step is a slower process (k = 0.04 s-1) and accounts for the tighter binding of 2-C-carboxy-D-arabinitol 1,5-bisphosphate (Kd less than or approximately to 10(-11) M) than of 2-C-carboxy-D-ribitol 1,5-bisphosphate (Kd = 1.5 X 10(6) M). Both carboxypentitol bisphosphates exhibit competitive inhibition with respect to ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate. 2-C-(Hydroxymethyl)-D-ribitol 1,5-bisphosphate and 2-C-(hydroxymethyl)-D-arabinitol 1,5-bisphosphate were also synthesized; both are competitive inhibitors with respect to ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate with Ki = 8.0 X 10(-5) M and Ki = 5.0 X 10(-6) M, respectively. Thus, the carboxyl group of 2-C-carboxy-D-arabinitol 1,5-bisphosphate is necessary for maximal interaction with the enzyme. Additionally, Mg2+ is essential for the tight binding of 2-C-carboxy-D-arabinitol 1,5-bisophsphate. A model for catalysis of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylation is discussed which includes a functional role for Mg2+ in the stabilization of the intermediate 2-C-carboxy-3-keto-D-arabinitol 1,5-bisphosphate. Mechanistic implications that arise from the stereochemistry of this intermediate are also discussed.
Aerated static pile composting of municipal solid waste (MSW): a comparsion of positive pressure aeration with hybrid positive and negative aeration (1998)

A hybrid mode of aeration using "suck" and "blow" with tem perature feedback control was used in a static pile composting process. Its performance was compared with the classical aer ated static pile process using positive pressure aeration (blow ing) based on temperature feedback control including low rates of fixed aeration. The two piles used in the trial each used shredded municipal solid waste (MSW) as the substrate. The characteristic temperature/time profiles for both control strategies were monitored alongside other physico-chemical parameters including volatile solids content (and extent of reduction), C/N ratio, moisture content, pH, and electrical conductivity. Specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) was also measured to determine the stability of the compost. The indi cator organisms for faecal contamination, faecal coliforms and faecal streptococci were monitored to determine the extent of sanitisation of the compost.
Hybrid dual actuator unit: A design of a variable stiffness actuator based on an adjustable moment arm mechanism (2010)

For tasks requiring robot-environment interaction, stiffness control is important to ensure both stable contact motion and collision safety. The variable stiffness approach has been used to address this problem. We propose a hybrid dual actuator unit (HDAU) which is a novel variable stiffness unit design. The HDAU is composed of a hybrid control module based on an adjustable moment arm mechanism and a drive module with two motors. By controlling the relative motion of gears in the hybrid control module, position and stiffness can be simultaneously controlled for the same joint. The HDAU provides a wide range of joint stiffness due to nonlinearity obtained from the adjustable moment arm. The joint stiffness can be kept constant independent of the passive deflection angle of the output shaft. Furthermore, stable interaction can also be achieved because the joint stiffness is indirectly adjusted by position control of the hybrid control module. The characteristics of the HDAU are analyzed in this study. We show by experiment that the HDAU can provide a wide range of stiffness variation and rapid response for stiffness change.
Analyzing the turbo decoder using the Gaussian approximation (2001)

We introduce a simple technique for analyzing the iterative decoder that is broadly applicable to different classes of codes defined over graphs in certain fading as well as additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels. The technique is based on the observation that the extrinsic information from constituent maximum a posteriori (MAP) decoders is well approximated by Gaussian random variables when the inputs to the decoders are Gaussian. The independent Gaussian model implies the existence of an iterative decoder threshold that statistically characterizes the convergence of the iterative decoder. Specifically, the iterative decoder converges to zero probability of error as the number of iterations increases if and only if the channel E/sub b//N/sub 0/ exceeds the threshold. Despite the idealization of the model and the simplicity of the analysis technique, the predicted threshold values are in excellent agreement with the waterfall regions observed experimentally in the literature when the codeword lengths are large. Examples are given for parallel concatenated convolutional codes, serially concatenated convolutional codes, and the generalized low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes of Gallager and Cheng-McEliece (1996). Convergence-based design of asymmetric parallel concatenated convolutional codes (PCCC) is also discussed.
Traffic Sign Detection Based on Histograms of Oriented Gradients and Boolean Convolutional Neural Networks (2017)

State-of-the-art methods for traffic signs detection based feature extraction have got a high recall rate, but the detection rates are not ideal for some mistakenly detected. In this work, this paper presents a method of traffic signs detection based on HOG and Boolean Convolutional Neural Networks (HOG-BCNN). A cascade classifier is trained based on HOG to detect the candidate regions of traffic signs. These regions as proposal windows input a special CNN, which is like a Boolean logic. BCNN is utilized to eliminate the false detected regions in the proposal traffic sign windows, which is connected to the cascade classifier as the last stage. In BCNN, the stochastic gradient descent method is exploited to minimize the error in the discriminant of true and false, which likes a supervisor guides the network how to reduce failures. The proposed method has been evaluated on the real environment, and experiments demonstrate that it is sufficient to attain high detection accuracy and ensure the efficiency.
Einleitung: Entstehung und Verlauf des Forschungsprojekts (1983)

Dieser Bericht stellt Ergebnisse einer Untersuchung von Zivilprozessen vor, die im Jahre 1979 beim Amtsgericht Bochum anhängig gemacht worden sind. Die Untersuchung ist seit 1977 vorbereitet und in der ersten Hälfte des Jahres 1982 abgeschlossen worden. Sie hat in dieser langen Zeit einen wechselvollen Verlauf genommen. Noch unter dem unmittelbaren Eindruck eigener richterlicher Praxis hatte ich 1977 damit begonnen, eine Rechtstatsachenforschung über den Vergleich im Zivilprozeß zu planen. Einen ersten Projektentwurf konnte ich zunächst mit dem sachverständigen Publikum der Richterakademie in Trier diskutieren, um ihn dann mit Unterstützung meines Mitarbeiters Rainer Hegenbarth zum Projektantrag auszuarbeiten, der im Juni 1977 dem Minister für Wissenschaft und Forschung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen (MWF) eingereicht wurde. Im Dezember 1977 wurde die Konzeption des Projekts auf der Tagung “Alternative Rechtsformen und Alternativen zum Recht” der Sektion Rechtssoziologie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Soziologie in Berlin der Fachgemeinschaft der Rechtssoziologen vorgestellt1).
Analytical model for sub-diffusive light reflection and the application to spatial frequency-domain imaging (2015)

We present here an analytical model describing light reflectance at an arbitrary source-detector separation covering both sub-diffusive and diffusion regimes for forward-peaked scattering media such as biological tissue. The model incorporates the small-angle scattering approximation (SAA) to radiative transfer for sub-diffusive light reflectance at a source-detector separation less than one single scattering length where the details of the phase function of light scattering dominate. The performance of the model is verified by Monte Carlo simulations. We also present the application of this analytical model in spatial frequency-domain imaging, in particular, when the spatial frequency is pushed below the reduced scattering coefficient.
An Air/Fuel Algorithm to Improve the NOx Conversion of Copper-Based Catalysts (1992)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Copper-based catalytic converters can offer significant HC and CO conversion at stoichiometry when close-coupled to the engine. The higher temperatures that result from close-coupling are needed to prevent sulfur poisoning of the catalyst as well as to increase the catalytic activity. However the ability of copper catalysts to convert NOx is very small at stoichiometry. This report summarizes the progress made in improving the NOx conversion and 3-way performance of copper-based catalysts.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">An A/F algorithm involving slightly rich operation was developed which significantly increased the NOx conversion of an aged copper catalyst while still utilizing a standard stoichiometric oxygen sensor. The addition of periodic A/F maneuvers further increased the NOx conversion, presumably by manipulating the copper into an oxidation state most active for NOx reduction. Air was injected ahead of a second copper catalyst. Different formulations were used for the reducing and oxidizing beds which maximized the 3-way performance of the base metal system.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Higher levels of sulfur in the fuel had minimal effect on the HC conversion. As long as the catalyst was above 600 °C, the higher sulfur levels had only a marginal effect on the CO conversion. But the sulfur degraded the NOx conversion even at temperatures above 700 °C. The A/F algorithm developed here helped to minimize the effects of the sulfur on the NOx activity.</div>
Transistor bilateral switches (1958)

THE VALUABLE PROPERTIES of transistors as efficient switching elements are well known and the use of transistors in digital circuits has become widespread. An allied area receiving much less attention is the use of transistors in ac signal switching. This paper discusses the transistor characteristics required for bilateral switching and circuit techniques developed to exploit these characteristics.
Shorter Verifier-Local Revocation Group Signatures From Bilinear Maps. (2006)

Abstract. We propose a new computational complexity assumption from bilinear map, based on which we construct Verifier-Local Revocation group signatures with shorter lengths than previous ones.
Enhancement of Glucantime® Therapy of Murine Leishmania Donovani Infection by a Synthetic Immunopotentiating Compound (CP-46,665-1) (1985)

The therapeutic efficacy of CP-46,665-1, a synthetic lipoidal amine with proven immunomodulatory and anti-tumor properties, in combination with chemotherapy was evaluated in L. donovani-infected C57Bl/6 mice. Immunostimulation and drug treatment resulted in a 10-fold lesser infection level than in untreated mice, while animals treated with Glucantime alone exhibited only a modest amelioration of the infection. We also studied the capacity of CP-elicited peritoneal macrophages of C57Bl/6 mice cultured alone or in combination with Glucantime and/or lymphokine to eliminate intracellular L. donovani amastigotes. When CP-elicited cells were incubated with Glucantime, they exhibited a significantly higher killing potential than did drug treated thioglycollate-elicited cells. CP-macrophages stimulated with lymphokine alone or in combination with antimonial drug, killed amastigotes more rapidly and efficiently than similarly treated thioglycollate-elicited macrophages. In vivo and in vitro results of this study show that a combined regimen of immunostimulation with CP and antimonial drug is more effective in treatment of L. donovani infection than either treatment alone.
Intravesicular pH and iron uptake by immature erythroid cells (1984)

The intravesicular pH of intact rabbit reticulocytes was measured by two methods; one based on the intracellular:extracellular distribution of DMO (5, 5, dimethyl + oxazolidin-2,4-dione), methylamine, and chloroquine and the other by quantitative fluorescence microscopy of cell-bound transferrin. The latter method was also applied to nucleated erythroid cells from the fetal rat liver. A pH value of approximately 5.4 was obtained with both methods and in both types of cells. Treatment of the cells with lysosomotrophic agents, metabolic inhibitors, and ionophores elevated the intravesicular pH and inhibited iron uptake from transferrin. When varying concentrations of NH4Cl were used, a close correlation was observed between the inhibition of iron uptake and elevation of the intravesicular pH. At pH 5.4 iron release from rabbit iron-bicarbonate transferrin in vitro was much more rapid than from iron-oxalate transferrin. The bicarbonate complex donates its iron to rabbit reticulocytes approximately twice as quickly as the oxalate complex. It is concluded that the acidic conditions within the vesicles provide the mechanism for iron release from the transferrin molecule after its endocytosis and that the low vesicular pH is dependent on cellular metabolism.
Large-Area Capacitive Active Touch Panel Using the Method of Pulse Overlapping Detection (2013)

In this paper, we propose a novel active touch panel circuit using the RC time constant changes when the panel is touched to induce pulse overlapping. The transient ON current of the pixel thin-film transistor(TFT) is to be detected for the judgment whether panel is touched or not. The proposed circuit has many advantages, such as simple structure, multi-touch, low operating power, as well as significant current to be read out easily by low cost ICs. Especially, it provides excellent stability since the circuit is hardly influenced by variation of TFTs. Discrete TFTs are used to build the proposed circuit to verify its function and the function is further demonstrated in a 2-inch 9×9 array. The potential for large area applications is proven by simulating a 42-inch touch panel with proper assumptions.
Kirkendall voids and the formation of amorphous phase in the Al-Pt thin-film system prepared by high-temperature successive deposition (1996)

We report on the amorphization processes taking place in the Al-Pt thin-film system prepared by high-temperature successive deposition. The formation of Kirkendall voids in the Al film was directly proved and intensively studied in relation to the percentage of Al and Pt components. An estimation of the composition of the amorphous phase is given, and the model proposed for the amorphization process is discussed. The films were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy, cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction, and energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis.
Two different approaches for a control law of single gimbal control moment gyros (1972)

In the field of momentum exchange attitude control systems, single gimbal control moment gyros (SGCMG) are of increasing interest. A gimbal angle approach and a gimbal rate approach are presented for the SGCMG control law including the singularity avoidance. Both approaches are compared and some illustrative examples are given.
Rectal Wall Thickness Measured by Ultrasound in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases of the Colon (1985)

Rectal wall thickness was measured ultrasonically by means of a 7-MHz transducer. 2 mm in diameter. In eight autopsy cases differences between ultrasonic and slide gauge measurements varied from -0.7 mm to 0.2 mm, with a median of 0.05 mm. Patients studies were carried out in 19 control subjects, showing a median rectal wall thickness of 2.6 mm, in 33 patients with ulcerative colitis with a median wall thickness of 2.8 mm, and in 18 patients with colonic Crohn's disease with a median wall thickness of 3.2 mm. These differences were not statistically significant. Subgroups of ulcerative colitis patients showed increasing wall thickness with increasing clinical activity (p less than 0.02), with increasing proctoscopic changes (p less than 0.01), and with increasing histologic activity (p less than 0.05). Corresponding correlations could not be demonstrated within the group of colonic Crohn's disease. It is concluded that even though the method could not distinguish between patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease of the colon, further studies concerning application of the measuring principle in gastroenterological endoscopy are indicated.