gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Voltage-Dependent Potassium Channels Kv1.3 and Kv1.5 in Human Cancer (2009)

Membrane ion channels participate in cancerous processes such as proliferation, migration and invasion, which contribute to metastasis. Increasing evidence indicates that voltage-dependent K+ (Kv) channels are involved in the proliferation of many types of cells, including tumor cells. Kv channels have generated immense interest as a promising tool for developing new anti-tumor therapies. Therefore, the identification of potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in specific cancers is an important prerequisite for the treatment. Since Kv1.3 and Kv1.5 are involved in the proliferation of many mammalian cells, we aimed to study the expression of Kv1.3 and Kv1.5 in a plethora of human cancers. Thus, tissues from breast, stomach, kidney, bladder, lung, skin, colon, ovary, pancreas, brain, lymph node, skeletal muscle and some of their malignant counterparts have been analyzed. Whereas Kv1.3 expression was either decreased or did not change in most tumors, Kv1.5 was overexpressed. However, the presence of Kv1.3 was mostly associated with inflammatory lymphoplasmocytic cells. Independent of the suitability of individual channels as therapeutic targets, the identification of a Kv phenotype from tumor specimens could have a diagnostic value of its own. Our results demonstrate that Kv1.5, and to some extent Kv1.3, are aberrantly expressed in a number of human cancers. These channels could serve both as novel markers of the metastatic phenotype and as potential new therapeutic targets. The concept of Kv channels as therapeutic targets or prognostic biomarkers attracts increasing interest and warrants further investigation. Keywords: Potassium channels, cancer, Kv1.3, Kv1.5, human tumors
Pinpoint Fracturing Using a Multiple-Cutting Process (2009)

Abstract This case-history paper describes methods of perforating and fracturing with coiled tubing (CT) in the South Belridge Field of California. Techniques presented in this paper allowed the operating company (OC) to fracture-stimulate multiple zones in a single trip of the CT. Each zone received fracturing treatments individually without affecting other zones. By employing a procedure developed for use in the wells of the Belridge Field that involves performing two perforating cuts (using a 5-ft tool twice) in one hydrajetting operation, using 90-mesh sand and allowing decreased circulation overflush volumes, the OC was able to double the number of perforations in each producing interval, thereby increasing the area of formation treated and the amount of proppant placed in each interval while decreasing total volume of fluid used per treatment stage. Procedures presented are applicable in production areas where multiple pay zones require fracture stimulation. Without application of pinpoint-stimulation techniques, stimulation fluid applied to a long interval will likely enter the zone presenting the least resistance and consequently bypass other zones without stimulating them at all. Operators have solved this problem in the past by using the perf-and-plug technique, which is effective, but also slow and expensive. The CT-conveyed, pinpoint stimulation (PPS) process reduces the duration of the fracturing process for all zones from days to hours. The prominent feature of the PPS process is hydrajet-assisted fracturing (HJAF) using wellbore sand plugs immediately placed after each frac stage (Gilbert et al. 2005; Hejl et al. 2006, East et al. 2008). Before switching to pinpoint stimulation by CT, the OC treated its wells by conventional fracturing methods, usually treating three zones with each frac stage. Interval lengths were from 150 to 250 ft, and the treating-fluid stage volume was large to deliver enough proppant for the large interval. The pumping rate was about 40 bbl/min to accommodate the interval length. However, radioactive-tracer logs run after all the frac operations showed some intervals were not treated with frac sand. With the HJAF process, the OC was able to treat each interval equally, with assurance that each pay zone was fracture-stimulated. Treating deeper zones was easier than before, and higher proppant concentrations and increased proppant volumes could then be placed in each interval. The use of the 90-mesh sand (instead of 20/40 size) for the perforating cuts allowed decreased volumes of fluid to be circulated. This method greatly reduced stage pump times and therefore, has reduced fracture-stimulation costs for the OC.
The value of online surveys (2005)

Purpose To provide a thorough analysis of the role of the internet in survey research and to discuss the implications of online surveys becoming such a major force in research. Design/methodology/approach The paper is divided into four major sections: an analysis of the strengths and potential weaknesses of online surveys; a comparison of online surveys with other survey formats; a discussion on the best uses for online surveys and how their potential weaknesses may be moderated; and an overview of the online survey services being offered by the world's largest research firms. Findings If conducted properly, online surveys have significant advantages over other formats. However, it is imperative that the potential weaknesses of online surveys be mitigated and that online surveys only be used when appropriate. Outsourcing of online survey functions is growing in popularity. Practical implications The paper provides a very useful source of information and impartial advice for any professional who is considering the use of online surveys. Originality/value The paper synthesizes the vast literature related to online surveys, presents original material related to survey methodology, and offers a number of recommendations.
Elemental Speciation with Plasma Mass Spectrometry (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElemental Speciation with Plasma Mass SpectrometryNohora P. Vela, Lisa K. Olson, and Joseph A. CarusoCite this: Anal. Chem. 1993, 65, 13, 585A–597APublication Date (Print):July 1, 1993Publication History Published online31 May 2012Published inissue 1 July 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00061a719https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00061a719research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views165Altmetric-Citations92LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
“Instant Methylide” Modification of the Corey–Chaykovsky Cyclopropanation Reaction (2006)

James A. Ciaccioa* & Courtney E. Amana a Department of Chemistry , Fordham University , Bronx, New York, USA
High performance sub-0.25 /spl mu/m devices using ultrathin oxide-nitride-oxide gate dielectric formed with low pressure oxidation and chemical vapor deposition (2000)

An ultra-thin, high reliability oxide-nitride-oxide (ONO) gate dielectric was formed using low pressure oxidation and chemical vapor deposition. A sub-0.25 μm device with high performance was fabricated for which the gate dielectric reliability was studied using both Fowler-Nordheim tunneling stress and hot carrier aging. The results from both techniques demonstrate that the device lifetime is longer than 100 years. Auger spectroscopy shows that there is about 9 at.% nitrogen at the SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> /Si interface. However, no transconductance degradation is observed.
Overload-Induced C-Myc Oncoprotein Is Reduced in Aged Skeletal Muscle (1997)

The C-Myc oncoprotein was examined in anterior latissimus dorsi (ALD) muscles of young (6 weeks) and aged (90 weeks) quail after 0.5 hours to 14 days of stretch. Western analyses of nuclear extracts showed an increase in the C-Myc oncoprotein after 1 h of stretch in young adult birds, and C-Myc remained elevated for 3 days of stretch. The onset and total accumulation of the C-Myc oncoprotein was less in muscles from aged quail as compared to muscles from young adult birds. Immunocytochemical analyses showed that C-Myc was localized in nuclei and averaged 0.2 +/- 0.04 nuclei/muscles fiber cross-section (n/f) in control muscles. C-Myc immunopositive nuclei were more numerous in muscles from young adult birds (1.7 +/- 0.2 n/f) compared to aged birds (1.1 +/- 0.1 n/f) after 2-12 h of stretch. C-Myc positive nuclei declined to 0.7 +/- 0.1 n/f after 3 days of stretch, in muscles from young adult birds; however, this was greater than in muscles from aged birds at the same time point (0.3 +/- 0.04 n/f). Many nuclei that were associated with muscle fibers expressed the C-Myc oncoprotein but did not incorporate bromodeoxyuridine, a marker of DNA synthesis and activated satellite cells. These data show a decreased ability of skeletal muscles from aged quails to initiate a program inclusive of early C-Myc oncoprotein accumulation in response to stretch.
Enhanced Emergency Smoke Venting (1988)

Abstract : This study evaluated two concepts for modifying the air conditioning systems of large commercial airplanes to enhance the venting of smoke that may be continuously injected into the passenger cabin during inflight fire emergencies. Data from past fire accidents and airplane tests provided a basis for creating four fire/smoke scenarios and deriving five sets of equations to predict the smoke venting effectiveness of current airplanes and the proposed concepts. Concept A would modify the air conditioning packs by adding high flow modes with dual outflow valves and Concept B would add ram air ventilation with an added dump valve. The estimated costs to incorporate Concept A or B in the U. S. fleet were about $381 million or $587 million, respectively. The effectiveness equations predicted that both concepts would provide only slightly significant smoke venting enhancement. Furthermore, the study showed that both concepts would have been negated by the reported crew actions and/or fire damage in past fires. It was concluded that current U.S. fleet airplanes will provide a majority of the passenger cabin free of smoke during inflight fires while the air conditioning systems are kept operating. Keywords: Air conditioning, Airplanes, Emergency, Inflight fire, Passenger cabins, Smoke, Smoke venting.
An integrated biomedical telemetry system for sleep monitoring employing a portable body area network of sensors (SENSATION) (2008)

A flexible, scaleable and cost-effective medical telemetry system is described for monitoring sleep-related disorders in the home environment. The system was designed and built for real-time data acquisition and processing, allowing for additional use in intensive care unit scenarios where rapid medical response is required in case of emergency. It comprises a wearable body area network of Zigbee-compatible wireless sensors worn by the subject, a central database repository residing in the medical centre and thin client workstations located at the subject's home and in the clinician's office. The system supports heterogeneous setup configurations, involving a variety of data acquisition sensors to suit several medical applications. All telemetry data is securely transferred and stored in the central database under the clinicians' ownership and control.
Adherens junctions: new insight into assembly, modulation and function (2002)

Adherens junctions play pivotal roles in cell and tissue organization and patterning by mediating cell adhesion and cell signaling. These junctions consist of large multiprotein complexes that join the actin cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane to form adhesive contacts between cells or between cells and extracellular matrix. The best-known adherens junction is the zonula adherens (ZA) that forms a belt surrounding the apical pole of epithelial cells. Recent studies in Drosophila have further illuminated the structure of adherens junctions. Scaffolding proteins encoded by the stardust gene are novel components of the Crumbs complex, which plays a critical role in ZA assembly.1-3 The small GTPase Rap1 controls the symmetric re-assembly of the ZA after cell division.4 Finally, the asymmetric distribution of adherens junction material regulates spindle orientation during asymmetric cell division in the sensory organ lineage.
Probing 47 Tucanae (1984)

A rough estimate of the age of a globular cluster can be made by finding the magnitude of the bluest stars still on the main sequence. Globular clusters, such as 47 Tucanae, which are the most ancient objects clearly identified in studies of stellar evolution and are tens of thousands of light years distant, have been studied in the last few years with silicon-intensified vidicons and CCDs with increasing accuracy. Large telescope, long-exposure photographs of 47 Tucanae reveal crowded swarms of stars rich in elements other than H and He. Photometric studies at Cerro Tololo on a 47 Tucanae sample of 660 stars with visual or yellow (V) magnitudes between 17 and 22 have resulted in a best-ever plot of intrinsic color against absolute magnitude. Several refinements include a better definition of conditions at a star's surface, such as temperature and pressure, through the use of stellar atmosphere models which neglect effects of rotation, slight star-to-star age differences, and mass. An improvement is foreseen in intrinsic color against absolute magnitude plots because of CCD data obtained with large telescopes in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
Changing Etiology of Nosocomial Bacteremia and Fungemia and Other Hospital-Acquired Infections (1985)

Serial surveys on the etiology of nosocomial bacteremia have been conducted over a period of years at Boston City Hospital (Boston) and Grady Memorial Hospital (Atlanta). A comparison of the information from these surveys with that from single-period surveys at 10 other hospitals in the United States illustrates changes in the etiology of nosocomial bloodstream infection over the past five decades. Prominent trends include an increased frequency of episodes of polymicrobial bacteremia, an increased frequency of sequential episodes of bacteremia in the same patient, a resurgence of infection due to Staphylococcus aureus, the recognition of Staphylococcus epidermidis and other components of the endogenous flora as pathogens, and an increased prominence of enterococci, gram-negative aerobic bacilli, anaerobes, and fungi as agents of nosocomial bloodstream infection. Changes in the etiology of nosocomial infection that are not illustrated by the data on bacteremia include an increased appreciation of the importance of viruses, a diminished role for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and the description of new and unusual pathogens, usually in patients with compromised host defenses. This last trend can be expected to continue.
Bioactivity Investigation of Lauraceae Trees Grown in Taiwan (2007)

This research collected 27 Lauraceae tree species in Taiwan, and the extracts prepared from leaves and branches were selected to evaluate and characterize their putative bioactivities and potential medicinal applications. Several bioactivity assays, including antifungal tests, antioxidant evaluation, anti-inflammation activity, and cytotoxicity were preformed in this study.The results showed no significant antifungal activity by Lauraceae extracts. Neolitsea parvigemma. (Hay.) Kanehira et Sasaki expresses the best antioxidant activity (IC50 = 5.73 µg/mL) in the DPPH assay.The extracts of Litsea akoensis. Hay. and Cryptocarya concinna. Hance had significant anti-inflammation activity, and they can inhibit the nitric oxide (NO) production in the LPS-induced microphage assay at the dose of 25 µg/mL. According to the cytotoxicity assay, Lindera aggregate. (Sims) Kosterm and Cryptocarya concinna. Hance extracts showed in vitro. cytotoxicity against human umbilical vein endothelial cell line (HUVEC) with IC50 values of 43.15 µg/mL and 49.36 µg/mL, respectively, and Phoebe formosana. (Matsum. et Hay.) Hay. extract exhibited marked cytotoxicity (IC50 = 42.87 µg/mL) against a human leukemia cell line (HL-60). Results from this preliminary investigation suggest that these Lauraceae tree species may have a great potential for further development as cancer chemoprevention agents or food supplements for promoting human health.
The NADPH‐oxidase <i>AtrbohB</i> plays a role in Arabidopsis seed after‐ripening (2009)

*Seeds can enter a state of dormancy, in which they do not germinate under optimal environmental conditions. Dormancy can be broken during seed after-ripening in the low-hydrated state. *By screening enhancer trap lines of Arabidopsis, we identified a role for the NADPH-oxidase AtrbohB in after-ripening. Semiquantitative PCR was used to investigate AtrbohB transcripts in seeds. These methods were complemented with a pharmacological approach using the inhibitor diphenylene iodonium chloride (DPI) and biomechanical measurements in the Brassicaceae seed model system cress (Lepidium sativum) as well as protein carbonylation assays. *atrbohB mutants fail to after-ripen and show reduced protein oxidation. AtrbohB pre-mRNA is alternatively spliced in seeds in a hormonally and developmentally regulated manner. AtrbohB is a major producer of superoxide in germinating Arabidopsis seeds, and inhibition of superoxide production by diphenylene iodonium (DPI) leads to a delay in Arabidopsis and cress seed germination and cress endosperm weakening. *Reactive oxygen species produced by AtrbohB during after-ripening could act via abscisic acid (ABA) signalling or post-translational protein modifications. Alternative splicing could be a general mechanism in after-ripening: by altered processing of stored pre-mRNAs seeds could react quickly to environmental changes.
Effect of protein kinase C and phospholipase A <sub>2</sub> inhibitors on the impaired ability of human diabetic platelets to cause vasodilation (1999)

1. The aim of this study was to examine the mechanism of impaired platelet-mediated endothelium-dependent vasodilation in diabetes. Exposure of human platelets to high glucose in vivo or in vitro impairs their ability to cause endothelium-dependent vasodilation. While previous data suggest that the mechanism for this involves increased activity of the cyclo-oxygenase pathway, the signal transduction pathway mediating this effect is unknown. 2. Platelets from diabetic patients as well as normal platelets and normal platelets exposed to high glucose concentrations were used to determine the role of the polyol pathway, diacylglycerol (DAG) production, protein kinase C (PKC) activity and phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity on vasodilation in rabbit carotid arteries. 3. We found that two aldose-reductase inhibitors, tolrestat and sorbinil, caused only a modest improvement in the impairment of vasodilation by glucose exposed platelets. However, sorbitol and fructose could not be detected in the platelets, at either normal or hyperglycaemic conditions. We found that incubation in 17 mM glucose caused a significant increase in DAG levels in platelets. Furthermore, the DAG analog 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol (OAG) caused significant impairment of platelet-mediated vasodilation. The PKC inhibitors calphostin C and H7 as well as inhibitors of PLA2 activity normalized the ability of platelets from diabetic patients to cause vasodilation and prevented glucose-induced impairment of platelet-mediated vasodilation in vitro. 4. These results suggest that the impairment of platelet-mediated vasodilation caused by high glucose concentrations is mediated by increased DAG levels and stimulation of PKC and PLA2 activity.
Ketamine as a Novel Antidepressant: From Synapse to Behavior (2011)

Recent reports of a rapid antidepressant effect of the glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist ketamine, even in treatment-resistant populations, have spurred translational therapeutic and neuroscience research aimed at elucidating ketamine's mechanism of action. This article provides a concise overview of research findings that pertain to the effects of low-dose ketamine at the cellular, neurocircuitry, and behavioral levels and describes an integrated model of the action of ketamine in the treatment of depression.
Impact of pericardial restraint on right atrial mechanics during acute right ventricular pressure load (2003)

Optimization of right atrial (RA) mechanics is important for maintaining right ventricular (RV) filling and global cardiac output. However, the impact of pericardial restraint on RA function and the compensatory role of the right atrium to changes in RV afterload remain poorly characterized. In eight open-chest sheep, RA elastance (contractility) and chamber stiffness were measured (RA pressure-volume relations) at baseline and during partial pulmonary artery (PA) occlusion. Data were collected before and after pericardiotomy. With the pericardium intact and partial PA occlusion, RA elastance increased by 28% (P < 0.04), whereas RA stiffness tended to rise (P = 0.08). However, after pericardiotomy, there was a significant fall in both RA elastance (54%, P < 0.04) and stiffness (39%, P < 0.04), and subsequent PA occlusion failed to induce a change in elastance (P > 0.19) or stiffness (P > 0.84). After pericardiotomy, RA elastance and stiffness fell dramatically, and the compensatory response of the right atrium to elevated RV afterload was lost. The ability of the right atrium to respond to changes in RV hemodynamics is highly dependent on pericardial integrity.
Simple method for polyp retrieval during colonoscopy (1994)

Retrieval of small polyps can often be frustrating for the skilled endoscopist. We introduce a technique of polyp retrieval that is simple and effective in yielding intact specimens for accurate pathologic examination.
ChemInform Abstract: THERMAL REARRANGEMENT OF 2‐ALKYNYL ALKANEDITHIOATES (1973)

Abstract Die Alkinylalkandithioate (III), die durch Umsetzung der Alkyl‐Mg‐chloride (I) mit Schwefelkohlenstoff in THF und darauffolgend mit den Bromalkinen (II) dargestellt werden, lagern sich in Gegenwart katalytischer Mengen Äthyldiisopropylamin thermisch zu den 1,3‐Dithiolen (IV) um.