gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
3D Precise Inspection of Electronic Devices by Single Stereo Vision (2007)

It is very important to guarantee the quality of the industrial products by means of visual inspection. In order to reduce the soldering defect with terminal deformation and terminal burr in the manufacturing process, this paper proposes a 3D visual inspection system based on a stereo vision with single camera. It is technically noted that the base line of this single camera stereo was precisely calibrated by the image processing procedure. Also to extract the measuring point coordinates for computing disparity; the error is reduced with original algorithm. Comparing its performance with that of human inspection using industrial microscope, the proposed 3D inspection could be an alternative in precision and in processing cost. Since the practical specification in 3D precision is less than 0.02 mm and the experimental performance was around the same, it was demonstrated by the proposed system that the soldering defect with terminal deformation and terminal burr in inspection, especially in 3D inspection, was decreased. In order to realize the inline inspection, this paper will suggest how the human inspection of the products could be modeled and be implemented by the computer system especially in manufacturing process. 1.
Toxic hazards of underground excavation (1982)

Inadvertent intrusion into natural or man-made toxic or hazardous material deposits as a consequence of activities such as mining, excavation or tunnelling has resulted in numerous deaths and injuries in this country. This study is a preliminary investigation to identify and document instances of such fatal or injurious intrusion. An objective is to provide useful insights and information related to potential hazards due to future intrusion into underground radioactive-waste-disposal facilities. The methodology used in this study includes literature review and correspondence with appropriate government agencies and organizations. Key categories of intrusion hazards are asphyxiation, methane, hydrogen sulfide, silica and asbestos, naturally occurring radionuclides, and various mine or waste dump related hazards.
An Implantable Biofuel Cell for a Live Insect (2012)

A biofuel cell incorporating a bienzymatic trehalase|glucose oxidase trehalose anode and a bilirubin oxidase dioxygen cathode using Os complexes grafted to a polymeric backbone as electron relays was designed and constructed. The specific power densities of the biofuel cell implanted in a female Blaberus discoidalis through incisions into its abdomen yielded maximum values of ca. 55 μW/cm(2) at 0.2 V that decreased by only ca. 5% after ca. 2.5 h of operation.
Imidazolidines. III.<sup>1a</sup> 2-Substituted 1,3-Bis-(o-hydroxybenzyl)-imidazolidines<sup>1b</sup> (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTImidazolidines. III.1a 2-Substituted 1,3-Bis-(o-hydroxybenzyl)-imidazolidines1bJohn H. Billman and Linneaus C. DormanCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1963, 6, 6, 701–705Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00342a016https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00342a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views174Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Stat3 and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta (C/EBP-beta) regulate Jab1/CSN5 expression in mammary carcinoma cells (2011)

These findings reveal a novel mechanism of Jab1 gene regulation and provide functional and mechanistic links between the Src/Stat3 and IL-6/Stat3 signaling axes that are involved in the activation of Jab1 transcription and regulation of this novel oncogenic protein.
A spin transition system with a thermal hysteresis at room temperature (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA spin transition system with a thermal hysteresis at room temperatureJonas Krober, Epiphane Codjovi, Olivier Kahn, Francoise Groliere, and Charlotte JayCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 21, 9810–9811Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00074a062https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00074a062research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2783Altmetric-Citations373LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Micropinion generation (2012)

This paper presents a new unsupervised approach to generating ultra-concise summaries of opinions. We formulate the problem of generating such a micropinion summary as an optimization problem, where we seek a set of concise and non-redundant phrases that are readable and represent key opinions in text. We measure representativeness based on a modified mutual information function and model readability with an n-gram language model. We propose some heuristic algorithms to efficiently solve this optimization problem. Evaluation results show that our unsupervised approach outperforms other state of the art summarization methods and the generated summaries are informative and readable.
Measurements Used in Wireless Sensor Networks Localization (2009)

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) localization relies on measurements. Availability of, and the information content in, these measurements depend on the network architecture, connectivity, node time synchronization and the signaling bandwidth between the sensor nodes. This chapter addresses wireless sensor networks measurements in a general framework based on a set of nodes, where each node either emits or receives signals. The emitted signal can for example be a radio, acoustic, seismic, infrared or sonic wave that is propagated in a certain media to the receiver. This general observation model does not make any difference between localization of sensor network nodes or unknown objects, or whether the nodes or objects are stationary or mobile. The information available for localization in wireless cellular networks (WCN) is in literature classified as direction of arrival (DOA), time of arrival (TOA), time difference of arrival (TDOA) and received signal strength (RSS). This chapter generalizes these concepts to the more general wireless sensor networks.
Micromolar Calcium Stimulates Proteolysis and Glutamate Binding in Rat Brain Synaptic Membranes (1981)

Incubation of cortical synaptic membranes with low concentrations of calcium resulted in a decrease in the amount of a high-molecular-weight doublet protein and an increase in the sodium-independent binding of glutamate. Both effects were blocked by the thiol protease inhibitor leupeptin. These results suggest that calcium-induced proteolysis of membrane components regulates the number of glutamate receptors in neuronal membranes.
Minimizing the roundoff‐noise in digital filters by the branch and bound method (1979)

Abstract The branch and bound method is used for minimizing the roundoff‐noise in cascaded 2nd‐order filter sections. The degrees of freedom are the pole‐zero assignment and the ordering of the stages in the cascade, whereas the structure chosen is always the 2D‐form. During the search an upper and a lower limit for the noise power provide an estimate of how close the solution is to the optimum. Thus, the search may be stopped if no further substantial improvement can be expected. The optimum is reached when the two limits coincide. The efficiency of the procedure is demonstrated by optimizing three filters with up to 22nd‐order transfer functions.
Mutual phase locking in multijunction Josephson arrays (1981)

Mutual phase locking of Josephson oscillations in a two-junction cell and multijunction arrays is analysed. The locking is due to ac currents of Josephson frequency ω, which flow through some special coupling circuit. For the most important case of almost identical junctions, the locking frequency range is shown to be proportional to the imaginary part of the complex conductivity Y(ω) of the coupling circuit. The power and linewidth of coherent oscillations, as well as the coherence stability with respect to the junction intrinsic noise and parameter spread, have been calculated. The maximum locking range and, hence, the maximum parameter tolerances are shown to take place in the closed-loop-type (ring) structures with long-range junction interactions.
Torque and speed estimation for line-start IM using dot-cross Products of current and voltage vectors (2009)

The IM has been adopted widely as the driving sources of the industrial machine and the plants. That reason is that IM is robust and easy to drive. A typical line-start drive system is a motor operated valve arranged to the power plants, the chemical plants. These valves are used for application that energy supply is shut down in an emergency. So, the IM which makes valve operate is connected to 3-phase power supply directly and used. Because of this, the drive system heart of an IM has very high reliability. However, mechanical deterioration is problem. Routine inspections are carried out to those valves and reliability is secured.
Evaluation of the FACOM ALPHA Lisp machine (1986)

The FACOM ALPHA is the first and only commercially dedicated processor for Lisp and Prolog manufactured in Japan. This paper discusses the evaluation of the FACOM ALPHA for Lisp execution when compared with a general-purpose computer. The CPU use rate of machine instructions and the utilization ratio of the hardware resources are discussed. This paper also explains the interaction between the garbage collector and the virtual memory system, which improves system response time.
Linked thermal and solute perturbation analysis of cooperative domain interactions in proteins. Structural stability of diphtheria toxin (1990)

The temperature and guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl) dependence of the structural stability of diphtheria toxin has been investigated by high-sensitivity differential scanning calorimetry. In 50 mM phosphate buffer at pH 8.0 and in the absence of GuHCl, the thermal unfolding of diphtheria toxin is characterized by a transition temperature (Tm) of 54.9 degrees C, a calorimetric enthalpy change (delta H) of 295 kcal/mol, and a van't Hoff to calorimetric enthalpy ratio of 0.57. Increasing the GuHCl concentration lowers the transition temperature and the calorimetric enthalpy change. At the same time, the van't Hoff to calorimetric enthalpy ratio increases until it reaches a value of 1 at 0.3 M GuHCl and remains constant thereafter. At low GuHCl concentrations (0-0.3 M), the thermal unfolding of diphtheria toxin is characterized by the presence of two transitions corresponding to the A and B domains of the protein. At higher GuHCl concentrations (0.3-1 M), the A domain is unfolded at all temperatures, and only one transition corresponding to the B domain is observed. Under these conditions, the most stable protein conformation at low temperatures is a partially folded state in which the A domain is unfolded and the B domain folded. A general model that explicitly considers the energetics of domain interactions has been developed in order to account for the stability and cooperative behavior of diphtheria toxin. It is shown that this cooperative domain interaction model correctly accounts for the temperature location as well as the shape and area of the calorimetric curves. Under physiological conditions, domain-domain interactions account for most of the structural stability of the A domain.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Effect of Irrigation Treatments for Apple Trees on Water Uptake from Different Soil Layers1 (1972)

Abstract Six irrigation treatments consisting of replenishing the water extracted from the 0-60 cm or 0-120 cm layer, were applied to a 10-year-old apple orchard. The highest yield and fruit size were obtained by irrigating to 60 cm depth when soil moisture to this depth dropped to 40% available water during the 2 months of intensive fruit growth. During the rest of the season this treatment was irrigated to 60 cm whenever the 0-60 cm layer dropped to wilting point and to 120 cm whenever the 60-120 cm layer dropped to 60% available water. The relative water extraction from the 60-90 cm layer was the highest in this treatment. Increasing water uptake from layers below 120 cm by watering them was not effective. Climatic conditions favoring high rates of evaporation increased the relative contribution of layers deeper than 90 cm in all plots. The proportion of water loss from the 0-30 cm layer increased with the number of irrigations.
Evaluating commercial weight loss programmes: an evolution in outcomes research (2004)

The increasing prevalence of obesity has been mirrored by a parallel increase in the number of commercial weight loss programmes. Research evaluating these programmes is meagre, however, compared to the numbers treated. Reluctance of commercial weight loss programmes to meaningfully evaluate their weight loss efficacy may arise from fear that competitors will use the results against them. Evaluation of commercial weight loss programmes usually progresses from testimonials, often by famous people who were successful, to uncontrolled studies of past participants evaluated either by the programme itself or by an outside entity. The gold standard, however, is a scientifically rigorous, controlled study of the programme conducted by an independent entity. Such a study, published in a peer-reviewed journal, can gain credibility for a programme, as it did with Slim Fast, if the results are positive, or herald the end of the programme, as it was with Simeons human chorionic gonadotropin injection clinics. This review of the evolution of the evaluation process of commercial weight loss programmes leads us to conclude that consumers are likely to demand greater scientific rigour in the future, a change that will favour informed choice and discourage the practice of unrealistic advertising that raises false hopes.
Stanna‐closo‐dodecaborate. A New Ligand in Coordination Chemistry (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Dielectric and pyroelectric properties of disubstituted diacetylenes (1989)

Abstract The dielectric and pyroelectric properties of monomer and polymer single crystals of substituted diacetylenes carrying polar side groups are presented for four examples: NP/4‐MPU, TS/FBS, DNP and IPUDO. Large and anisotropic permittivities are generally observed. The symmetrically disubstituted diacetylenes IPUDO and DNP show spontaneous electric polarization despite of their symmetric molecular unit in polymer and/or monomer crystals at room or low temperature, respectively. Polar crystals of the unsymmetrically substituted diacetylenes NP/4‐MPU and TS/FBS can be grown from appropriate solvents. However, polymorphism is an obstacle to a systematic tailoring of dielectric properties of diacetylene single crystals.
Resonant Doppler flow imaging and optical vivisection of retinal blood vessels (2007)

For Fourier domain optical coherence tomography any sample movement during camera integration causes blurring of interference fringes and as such reduction of sensitivity for flow detection. The proposed method overcomes this problem by phase-matching a reference signal to the sample motion. The interference fringes corresponding to flow signal will appear frozen across the detector whereas those of static sample structures will be blurred resulting in enhanced contrast for blood vessels. An electro-optic phase modulator in the reference arm, driven with specific phase cycles locked to the detection frequency, allows not only for qualitative but also for quantitative flow detection already from the relative signal intensities. First applications to extract in-vivo retinal flow and to visualize 3D vascularization, i.e. optical vivisection, are presented.
Circumferential strain by velocity vector imaging and speckle‐tracking echocardiography: validation against sonomicrometry in an aortic phantom (2017)

Global circumferential strain measured by VVI and STE correlates well with sonomicrometry. However, strain values obtained by VVI and STE differ significantly, which should be taken into consideration when comparing results from studies using different software for aortic strain measurements.
The Effect of Preparation Method on Pt/Nb2O5 Catalysts (1998)

The use of the ion-exchange method and the addition of lithium to Pt/Nb2O5 catalysts were investigated in this work, using techniques of temperature-programmed reduction, H2 and CO chemisorption, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and the conversion of n-heptane as a catalytic test. The superficial precursor present after the calcination step is platinum oxide, as previously observed for Pt/Nb2O5 catalysts prepared by the incipient wetness method. For some of the samples, autoreduction was observed during the calcination step, with the formation of low dispersion metallic platinum. The Pt/Nb2O5 catalysts prepared by ion exchange showed a high yield of olefins, as compared to aromatics, in the conversion of n-heptane. However, a high yield of hydrogenolysis products was also observed. For some of the lithium-containing samples, there was a suppression of dehydrogenation and aromatization reactions, with an increase in central C-C bond hydrogenolysis.
Consequences of the recurrent <i>MYD88L265P</i> somatic mutation for B cell tolerance (2014)

MYD88(L265P) has recently been discovered as an extraordinarily frequent somatic mutation in benign monoclonal IgM gammopathy, Waldenström's macroglobulinemia, and diffuse large B cell lymphoma. In this study, we analyze the consequences for antigen-activated primary B cells of acquiring MYD88(L265P). The mutation induced rapid B cell division in the absence of exogenous TLR ligands and was inhibited by Unc93b1(3d) mutation and chloroquine or TLR9 deficiency, indicating continued dependence on upstream TLR9 activation. Proliferation and NF-κB activation induced by MYD88(L265P) were nevertheless rapidly countered by the induction of TNFAIP3, an NF-κB inhibitor frequently inactivated in MYD88(L265P)-bearing lymphomas, and extinguished by Bim-dependent apoptosis. MYD88(L265P) caused self-reactive B cells to accumulate in vivo only when apoptosis was opposed by Bcl2 overexpression. These results reveal checkpoints that fortify TLR responses against aberrant B cell proliferation in response to ubiquitous TLR and BCR self-ligands and suggest that tolerance failure requires the accumulation of multiple somatic mutations.
Endocyclic <i>vs</i> exocyclic olefin formation from 4‐piperidones <i>via</i> the wittig reaction (1972)

Abstract The reaction of 1‐methyl‐4‐piperidone and 1‐benzoyl‐4‐piperidone with triethyl phosphono‐acetate in the presence of excess base yields both the endocyclic and exocyclic olefins. However, treatment of 1‐methyl‐4‐piperidone with diethyl cyanomethylphosphonate, even in the presence of excess base, yielded only the exocyclic olefin. Factors affecting isomer distribution during the course of the reaction are presented. The isolation of an exocyclic tetrahydropyridine from the sodium borohydride reduction of the methiodide of 4‐pyridylacetonitrile is reported.
The STL integrated computer operating system (1964)

The separation of conventional unit record input/output processing from a large general purpose computer system has been and still is a common and accepted practice among many large-scale computer installations. This kind of processing has been called off-line or peripheral processing and seeks to reduce costs by removing the relatively slow I/O functions such as card reading, card punching, and printing from the large computer and having them performed on smaller less expensive computers. This practice is not without its inherent penalties, all of which tend to reduce the operational efficiency of the system by introducing large throughput times and equivalently large setup times.
Performance of High-Speed Ball Bearings With Lead and Lead-Alloy-Plated Retainers in Liquid Hydrogen at 1.2 Million DN (1974)

Forty-millimeter-bore ball bearings with lead and lead-alloy-coated retainers were operated in liquid hydrogen at 30000 rpm under a thrust load of 1780 Newtons (400 lb). Bearing lives were compared using different (1) lead- and lead-alloy coatings, (2) coating thicknesses, (3) substrate materials, (4) retainer locating surfaces, and (5) plating techniques. Longer bearing run times were achieved using retainers with a lead-tin-copper alloy coating electroplated onto a leaded-bronze material (22.5 hr) and an aluminum-bronze alloy (19.3 hr). Thirty percent of the bearings tested achieved the desired objective of 10 hours. All of the lead-alloy coated retainers exceeded this objective. A coating thickness of at least 36 microns (0.0014 in.) was used for all bearings exceeding the 10-hour goal.
A Bayesian Filter to Detect Misbehaving Nodes in MANETs (2008)

Composed of mobile nodes, MANETs rely on the entire collaboration of nodes to provide routing and forwarding functions. Most MANET security solutions identify and exclude malicious and selfish nodes. These mechanisms rely on local monitoring tools to detect untrustworthy nodes and then spread trust information through recommendations. In this paper we apply a Bayesian model [1] to improve MANET security. We classify nodes behavior relying on a decision based on a probabilistic Bayesian model. The novelty of our approach is that it classifies nodes based on distant observations. We describe statistical parameters like Accuracy, Error and the Total Cost Ratio that are used to evaluate the efficiency of the filter through a set of simulations of an attacked pure ad hoc network.
Bacterial Contamination of Needles Used for Intravitreal Injections: A Prospective, Multicenter Study (2010)

Bacterial contaminants are present on a substantial proportion of needles. Since the needle contacts both the ocular surface and the vitreous, it is possible that inoculation of the vitreous cavity occurs in such cases.