gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The frequency of a Norwalk-like pattern of illness in outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis. (1982)

Records of 642 outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis were reviewed to determine the proportion of outbreaks that were clinically and epidemiologically consistent with Norwalk-like virus infection. Using as our criteria stool cultures negative for bacterial pathogens, mean (or median) duration of illness 12-60 hours, vomiting in greater than or equal to 50 per cent of cases, and, if known, mean (or median) incubation period of 24-48 hours, we found that 23 per cent of waterborne outbreaks, 4 per cent of foodborne outbreaks, and 67 per cent, 60 per cent, and 28 per cent of outbreaks in nursing homes, in summer camps, and on cruise ships, respectively, satisfied the criteria for Norwalk-like pattern. Of 54 outbreaks that satisfied the criteria for Norwalk-like pattern, 14 were investigated for virus etiology. Ten of these (71 per cent) yielded serologic evidence of Norwalk-like virus infection. Norwalk-like viruses are probably an important cause of outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis. Investigation for Norwalk virus antibody in outbreaks that are clinically and epidemiologically consistent with Norwalk-like virus infection is likely to yield diagnostically useful results.
Growth of Arrayed Nanorods and Nanowires of ZnO from Aqueous Solutions (2003)

Abstract A novel approach to the rational fabrication of smart and functional metal oxide particulate thin films and coatings is demonstrated on the growth of ZnO nanowires and oriented nanorod arrays. The synthesis involves a template‐less and surfactant‐free aqueous method, which enables the generation of, at large‐scale, low‐cost, and moderate temperatures, advanced metal oxide thin films with controlled complexity. The strategy consists of monitoring of the nucleation, growth, and aging processes by means of chemical and electrostatic control of the interfacial free energy. It enables the control of the size of nano‐, meso‐, and microcrystallites, their surface morphology, orientations onto various substrates, and crystal structure.
Endometriosis, assisted reproduction technology, and risk of adverse pregnancy outcome (2009)

Endometriosis appears to be a risk factor for preterm birth, irrespective of ART. Women with endometriosis may be more likely to be delivered by Caesarean section and to suffer from antepartal haemorrhage/placental complications and pre-eclampsia.
D<scp>ockground</scp> protein–protein docking decoy set (2008)

The decoys are freely available for download at http://dockground.bioinformatics.ku.edu/UNBOUND/decoy/decoy.php
Effect of Particle Shape on the Spectral Absorption of Colloidal Silver in Gelatin (1968)

Small prolate spheroids of silver (between 140 and 400 Å av diam) were produced by photographic development of fine-grain silver bromide embedded in gelatin. The shape and size distributions of the silver particles were determined from electron micrographs of thin sections. The average axial ratios of these spheroids had values for different preparations between 0.3 and 0.9. The optical absorption was measured and a shift of the main absorption peak (near 400 mμ) to shorter wavelengths, and of a secondary peak to longer wavelengths, with elongation of the particles was found to be in good quantitative agreement with the theory of Gans. The position of the main peak can be brought into even better agreement with the theory by taking account of the finite average particle size (by using the Mie theory) and by selecting the most appropriate set of optical constants for chemically prepared silver. Small departures from spherical shape affect the spectral absorption of colloidal silver much more than changes in size or refractive index.
Relevance feedback with too much data (1995)

Relevance Feedbacvk With Too Much Data A UMass Technical Report James Allan IR-57 (ref.TR95-6) Modern text collections often contain large documents which span several subject areas. Such documents are problematic for relevance feedback since inappropriate terms can easily be chosen. This study explores the highly effective approach of feeding back passages of large documents. A less- expensive method which discards long documents is also reviewed and found to be effective if there are enough relevant documents. A hybrid approach which feeds back short documents and passages of long documents may be the best compromise.
A novel role for central <scp>ACBP</scp>/<scp>DBI</scp> as a regulator of long‐chain fatty acid metabolism in astrocytes (2015)

Acyl-CoA-binding protein (ACBP) is a ubiquitously expressed protein that binds intracellular acyl-CoA esters. Several studies have suggested that ACBP acts as an acyl-CoA pool former and regulates long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) metabolism in peripheral tissues. In the brain, ACBP is known as Diazepam-Binding Inhibitor, a secreted peptide acting as an allosteric modulator of the GABAA receptor. However, its role in central LCFA metabolism remains unknown. In the present study, we investigated ACBP cellular expression, ACBP regulation of LCFA intracellular metabolism, FA profile, and FA metabolism-related gene expression using ACBP-deficient and control mice. ACBP was mainly found in astrocytes with high expression levels in the mediobasal hypothalamus. We demonstrate that ACBP deficiency alters the central LCFA-CoA profile and impairs unsaturated (oleate, linolenate) but not saturated (palmitate, stearate) LCFA metabolic fluxes in hypothalamic slices and astrocyte cultures. In addition, lack of ACBP differently affects the expression of genes involved in FA metabolism in cortical versus hypothalamic astrocytes. Finally, ACBP deficiency increases FA content and impairs their release in response to palmitate in hypothalamic astrocytes. Collectively, these findings reveal for the first time that central ACBP acts as a regulator of LCFA intracellular metabolism in astrocytes. Acyl-CoA-binding protein (ACBP) or diazepam-binding inhibitor is a secreted peptide acting centrally as a GABAA allosteric modulator. Using brain slices, cortical, and hypothalamic astrocyte cultures from ACBP KO mice, we demonstrate that ACBP mainly localizes in astrocytes and regulates unsaturated but not saturated long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) metabolism. In addition, ACBP deficiency alters FA metabolism-related genes and results in intracellular FA accumulation while affecting their release. Our results support a novel role for ACBP in brain lipid metabolism. FA, fatty acids; KO, knockout; PL, phospholipids; TAG, triacylglycerol.
Natural neighbour Galerkin methods (2000)

Natural neighbour co-ordinates (Sibson co-ordinates) is a well-known interpolation scheme for multivariate data fitting and smoothing. The numerical implementation of natural neighbour co-ordinates in a Galerkin method is known as the natural element method (NEM). In the natural element method, natural neighbour co-ordinates are used to construct the trial and test functions. Recent studies on NEM have shown that natural neighbour co-ordinates, which are based on the Voronoi tessellation of a set of nodes, are an appealing choice to construct meshless interpolants for the solution of partial differential equations. In Belikov et al. (Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Physics 1997; 37(1) : 9–15), a new interpolation scheme (non-Sibsonian interpolation) based on natural neighbours was proposed. In the present paper, the non-Sibsonian interpolation scheme is reviewed and its performance in a Galerkin method for the solution of elliptic partial differential equations that arise in linear elasticity is studied. A methodology to couple finite elements to NEM is also described. Two significant advantages of the non-Sibson interpolant over the Sibson interpolant are revealed and numerically verified: the computational efficiency of the non-Sibson algorithm in 2-dimensions, which is expected to carry over to 3-dimensions, and the ability to exactly impose essential boundary conditions on the boundaries of convex and non-convex domains. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of Critical-Speed Increase of Induction Machines via Winding Reconfiguration With Solid-State Switches (2008)

Commonly used speed-control concepts permit speed ranges up to two-three times the base speed via voltage to frequency (V/f), that is, field-weakening control. This paper teaches the extension of the speed-control range up to nine times the base speed through online reconfiguration of the motor windings via electronic switches. The switchover of the windings, either from a winding with p <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> poles to p <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> poles, or from series to parallel connection of the number of turns per phase-so-called (V/Nldrf) control-lasts less than a 60-Hz cycle. Such fast switchover causes small transients only, and therefore, this concept is applicable to most variable-speed drives.
ELECTROLYTIC CONDENSATION OF CARBOXYLIC ACIDS (1960)

CONTENTS I. Introduction 161 II. Effect of experimental conditions on the course of the Kolbe synthesis 162 III. Electrolytic condensation in non-aqueous solvents 163 IV. Effect of the structure of acids on the course of the Kolbe synthesis 163 V. Crossed electrolytic condensation 171 VI. Mechanism of the Kolbe reaction 174
Secure payment with NFC mobile phone in the SmartTouch project (2008)

This paper deals with the ITEA (Information Technology for European Advancement) SmartTouch project whose one of the objectives is to use NFC mobile phones for a secure payment. An experience in real conditions has been carried out at Strasbourg in France, in 2007. This trial is the first experiment of a NFC-based payment application that fully supports the international EMV standard and the PayPass program. We focus in this paper on the security analysis which can occur in a NFC mobile phone payment. In the first section, we give a simplified description of the prototype. In the second section, we present the security concepts as a major issue in this scenario. Roughly, the main requirement is to have the same level of security as standard EMV payment transactions. The methodology described in the third section concerns the payment application and its communication with the payment terminal through a NFC link. The last part of this article presents different research perspectives to overstep the encountered problems.
The Facile Preparation of Primary and Secondary Amines via an Improved Fukuyama—Mitsunobu Procedure. Application to the Synthesis of a Lung‐Targeted Gene Delivery Agent. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Concurrent chemoradiotherapy with carboplatin followed by carboplatin and 5- fluorouracil in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (2011)

Concurrent chemoradiotherapy with carboplatin followed by carboplatin and 5- fluorouracil could be considered as an alternative regimen for locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients pertaining to a good overall response rate, 3-year overall survival and progression-free survival rate with good tolerability.
Nutrient Movement in Host-Pathogen Systems (1981)

Beneficial microbes in the microbiome of plant roots improve plant health. Induced systemic resistance (ISR) emerged as an important mechanism by which selected plant growth–promoting bacteria and fungi in the rhizosphere prime the whole plant body for ...Read More
Iterative Correction for Attenuation of 5 cm Radar in Rain (1978)

The attenuation of 5 cm radar in rain is investigated theoretically for stratiform and thunderstorm drop size distributions. An iterative attenuation estimation scheme is presented. The effects of attenuation on radar precipitation measurements and the capabilities of the attenuation estimation technique are considered for a variety of hypothetical storm sizes and errors in radar calibration, assumed temperature and assumed drop size distribution. This study indicates that 5 cm radar is an adequate precipitation measuring radar for storms under about 50 dBZ, and that if calibrated correctly and used with the iterative attenuation correction scheme, the 5 cm radar can function moderately well up to about 60 dBZ. Radar calibration accuracy is seen to be a limiting criterion for attenuation correction. The results of this study point out the need for raingages in most situations requiring accurate rainfall measurement.
Partial address directory for cache access (1994)

In most high performance computers the speeds of cache accessing are critical in determining the cycle times. A classical method for designing set-associative caches is to late-select array data based on the results of cache directory lookups. The impact on the critical path timing due to late-select will become more significant in future microprocessors with very high clock frequencies. In this paper we propose a new approach to the optimization of array access timing for set-associative caches. The basic idea is to utilize a relatively small partial address directory (PAD) for fast and accurate approximations of cache access coordinates. The PAD can speed up most cache array access by accurately predicting cache locations without having to wait for results from conventional cache directory lookups. Occasionally when the PAD guesses wrong, a memory access can be re-issued with only 1-cycle delays. The PAD may be closely integrated with the array design. The effectiveness of the PAD method is analyzed through combinatorial and simulation studies.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Long‐term hippocampal slices: A model system for investigating synaptic mechanisms and pathologic processes (1995)

Organotypic cultures provide a unique strategy with which to examine many aspects of brain physiology and pathology. Long-term slice cultures from the hippocampus, a region involved in memory encoding and one that exhibits early degeneration in Alzheimer's disease and ischemia, are particularly valuable in this regard due to their expression of synaptic plasticity mechanisms (e.g., long-term potentiation) and responsiveness to pathological insults (e.g., excitotoxicity). Long-term slices can be prepared from hippocampi at the second or third postnatal week of development and thus incorporate a number of relatively mature features; further signs of maturation and the preservation of adult-like characteristics occur over succeeding weeks. The stability of the cultured slice renders it an appropriate model for studying 1) prolonged regulation/stabilization events linked to synaptogenesis and certain forms of plasticity, 2) temporal patterns of cellular atrophy associated with pathogenic conditions such as ischemia and epilepsia, and 3) slow processes associated with aging and age-related pathologies.
An Asynchronous Binary-Search ADC Architecture With a Reduced Comparator Count (2010)

This paper reports an asynchronous binary-search analog-to-digital converter (ADC) with reference range prediction. An original N-bit binary-search ADC requires 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N</sup> - 1 comparators while the proposed one only needs 2N - 1 ones. Compared to the (high speed, high power) flash ADC and (low speed, low power) successive approximation register ADC, the proposed architecture achieves the balance between power consumption and operation speed. The proof-of-concept 5-bit prototype only consists of a passive track-and-hold circuit, a reference ladder, 9 comparators, 56 switches and 26 static logic gates. This compact ADC occupies an active area of 120 × 50 μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and consumes 1.97 mW from a 1-V supply. At 800 MS/s, the effective number of bits is 4.40 bit and the effective resolution bandwidth is 700 MHz. The resultant figure of merit is 116 fJ/conversion-step.
Three-dimensional echocardiographic reconstruction of the mitral valve, with implications for the diagnosis of mitral valve prolapse. (1989)

Mitral valve prolapse has been diagnosed by two-dimensional echocardiographic criteria with surprising frequency in the general population, even when preselected normal subjects are examined. In most of these individuals, however, prolapse appears in the apical four-chamber view and is absent in roughly orthogonal long-axis views. Previous studies of in vitro models with nonplanar rings have shown that systolic mitral annular nonplanarity can potentially produce this discrepancy. However, to prove directly that apparent leaflet displacement in a two-dimensional view does not constitute true displacement above the three-dimensional annulus requires reconstruction of the entire mitral valve, including leaflets and annulus. Such reconstruction would also be necessary to explore the complex geometry of the valve and to derive volumetric measures of superior leaflet displacement. A technique was therefore developed and validated in vitro for three-dimensional reconstruction of the entire mitral valve. In this ...
Vaccines for <i>Chlamydia</i> Infections of the Female Genital Tract (2008)

Genital infection with Chlamydia trachomatis is an escalating global public health concern causing considerable morbidity and socioeconomic burden worldwide. Although antibiotics are used to treat symptomatic urogenital infections, chlamydial infection remains asymptomatic in approximately 50% of infected men and 70% of infected women. The major clinical manifestations of genital chlamydial infection in women include mucopurulent cervicitis, endometritis and pelvic inflammatory disease. Genital infection with C. trachomatis markedly enhances the risk for reproductive tract sequelae in women, including tubal factor infertility, chronic pain and ectopic pregnancy. Definitive infection control of chlamydial infections will likely be achievable through a safe and efficacious vaccine. This will require identifying protective chlamydial antigens in animal models as well as identifying effective adjuvants and delivery systems that target subunit vaccines to immune inductive sites or secondary lymphoid tissues, and will be safe for use in humans.
Technical Note: Novel method for water vapour monitoring using wireless communication networks measurements (2009)

Abstract. We propose a new technique that overcomes the obstacles of the existing methods for monitoring near-surface water vapour, by estimating humidity from data collected through existing wireless communication networks. Weather conditions and atmospheric phenomena affect the electromagnetic channel, causing attenuations to the radio signals. Thus, wireless communication networks are in effect built-in environmental monitoring facilities. The wireless microwave links, used in these networks, are widely deployed by cellular providers for backhaul communication between base stations, a few tens of meters above ground level. As a result, if all available measurements are used, the proposed method can provide moisture observations with high spatial resolution and potentially high temporal resolution. Further, the implementation cost is minimal, since the data used are already collected and saved by the cellular operators. In addition – many of these links are installed in areas where access is difficult such as orographic terrain and complex topography. As such, our method enables measurements in places that have been hard to measure in the past, or have never been measured before. The technique is restricted to weather conditions which exclude rain, fog or clouds along the propagation path. Strong winds that may cause movement of the link transmitter or receiver (or both) may also interfere with the ability to conduct accurate measurements. We present results from real-data measurements taken from two microwave links used in a backhaul cellular network that show convincing correlation to surface station humidity measurements. The measurements were taken daily in two sites, one in northern Israel (28 measurements), the other in central Israel (29 measurements). The correlation between the microwave link measurements and the humidity gauges were 0.9 and 0.82 for the north and central sites, respectively. The Root Mean Square Differences (RMSD) were 1.8 g/m3 and 3.4 g/m3 for the northern and central site measurements, respectively.
Effect of microgravity on the mesenchymal stem cell characteristics of limbal fibroblasts (2017)

Under microgravity, LFs showed a higher proportion of MSC characteristics and were easily induced into different linage cells. Culture in a microgravity environment may allow harvesting a greater number of MSC-like LFs for stem cell therapy in ocular surface reconstruction.
TRABALHO COLETIVO E COLETIVO DE TRABALHO NA EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA VIRTUAL: ORGANIZAÇÃO SOCIAL E TÉCNICA DOS TRABALHADORES NA IDADE MÍDIA (2012)

A tese deste texto é simples: em termos trabalhistas e de formação, como osbenefícios evidentes no trabalho coletivo da educação presencial podem serobservados no teletrabalho docente? Tendo como fonte de pesquisa informações sobre tutores virtuais e dirigentes sindicais, tentamos levantar as perdas e ganhos da realização do trabalho pedagógico por meio de tecnologias. Tentamos explorar as capacidades comunicacionais das tecnologias de informação e comunicação para, depois, analisar suas possibilidades como ambiente de trabalho coletivo. Como pano de fundo das análises, tínhamos sempre uma frase: Teletrabalhadores de todo o mundo: uni-vos!!!
Oracle Database 10g: a platform for BLAST search and Regular Expression pattern matching in life sciences (2004)

As database management systems expand their array of analytical functionality, they become powerful research engines for biomedical data analysis and drug discovery. Databases can hold most of the data types commonly required in life sciences and consequently can be used as flexible platforms for the implementation of knowledgebases. Performing data analysis in the database simplifies data management by minimizing the movement of data from disks to memory, allowing pre-filtering and post-processing of datasets, and enabling data to remain in a secure, highly available environment. This article describes the Oracle Database 10g implementation of BLAST and Regular Expression Searches and provides case studies of their usage in bioinformatics. http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/index.html.
Integrated visualization of functional and anatomic brain data: a validation study. (1999)

Integrated display of SPECT and MR brain images provides better localization of cerebral blood perfusion abnormalities in the peripheral cortex in relation to the anatomy of the brain than single-modality display and increases the confidence of the observer.
Selective impairment of global motion integration, but not global form detection, in schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder (2015)

Recent evidence suggests that schizophrenia is associated with impaired processing of global visual motion, but intact processing of global visual form. This project assessed whether preserved visual form detection in schizophrenia extended beyond low-level pattern discrimination to a naturalistic form-detection task. We assessed both naturalistic form detection and global motion detection in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorder, bipolar affective disorder, and healthy controls. Individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorder and bipolar affective disorder were impaired relative to healthy controls on the global motion task, but not the naturalistic form-detection task. Results indicate that preservation of visual form detection in these disorders extends beyond configural forms to naturalistic object processing.