gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evidence of Pre-Prosomatostatin mRNA in Human Normal and Tumoral Anterior Pituitary Gland (1989)

Expression of the SRIH gene was investigated in six human normal anterior pituitaries, six GH-, three PRL-, three mixed GH/PRL-secreting and four nonsecreting adenomas. Total cellular RNA and poly(A+) mRNAs were analyzed by dot and Northern blot hybridization to a 3'-end labeled oligonucleotide probe specific for the human pre-proSRIH mRNA. A weak but detectable pre-proSRIH hybridization signal was present in human normal anterior pituitaries and in the four groups of adenomas. The size of this pre-proSRIH mRNA was indistinguishable from that found in our hypothalamic samples and close to that described in the literature. The wide variation of the signal intensity from one case to the other in each group of the different types of normal and tumoral antehypophyseal samples prevented establishment of any correlation between the level of pre-proSRIH mRNA and the nature of the pituitary tissue. The presence of SRIH mRNA in human normal and tumoral anterior pituitary tissues provides a sound basis to substantiate the hypothesis of a SRIH biosynthesis in the human anterior pituitary gland.
Role of Noncanonical Wnt Signaling Pathway in Human Aortic Valve Calcification (2016)

These findings suggest a potential role for noncanonical Wnt signaling in the pathogenesis of aortic valve calcification.
ChemInform Abstract: Significant Acceleration of 6π‐Azaelectrocyclization Resulting from a Remarkable Substituent Effect and Formal Synthesis of the Ocular Age Pigment A2‐E by a New Method for Substituted Pyridine Synthesis. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Diisopropyl tartrate modified (E)-crotylboronates: highly enantioselective propionate (E)-enolate equivalents (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiisopropyl tartrate modified (E)-crotylboronates: highly enantioselective propionate (E)-enolate equivalentsWilliam R. Roush and Ronald L. HaltermanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 2, 294–296Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00262a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00262a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1368Altmetric-Citations128LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Molecular Regulation of Antibiotic Biosynthesis in Streptomyces (2013)

Streptomycetes are the most abundant source of antibiotics. Typically, each species produces several antibiotics, with the profile being species specific. Streptomyces coelicolor, the model species, produces at least five different antibiotics. We review the regulation of antibiotic biosynthesis in S. coelicolor and other, nonmodel streptomycetes in the light of recent studies. The biosynthesis of each antibiotic is specified by a large gene cluster, usually including regulatory genes (cluster-situated regulators [CSRs]). These are the main point of connection with a plethora of generally conserved regulatory systems that monitor the organism's physiology, developmental state, population density, and environment to determine the onset and level of production of each antibiotic. Some CSRs may also be sensitive to the levels of different kinds of ligands, including products of the pathway itself, products of other antibiotic pathways in the same organism, and specialized regulatory small molecules such as gamma-butyrolactones. These interactions can result in self-reinforcing feed-forward circuitry and complex cross talk between pathways. The physiological signals and regulatory mechanisms may be of practical importance for the activation of the many cryptic secondary metabolic gene cluster pathways revealed by recent sequencing of numerous Streptomyces genomes.
MAPPING OF INTERNAL DISTRIBUTIONS ONTO A LUMPED ELEMENT NETWORK FOR CMOS LATCH-UP SIMULATION (1983)

An efficient device simulation method is presented, which has been derived from mapping the results of a complete two-dimensional (2-D) analysis onto an equivalent lumped element network. The method is currently being used to predict latch-up sensitivities of CMOS process design.
SiO-Grip a high performance conversion coating based on nanosilica (2006)

As a substitute for the chromate conversion anticorrosive system CRM has developed a new conversion coating based on silica nanoparticles. This new process will be implemented on galvanizing lines just after the zinc bath where the metal strip is still hot. The strip is dipped into a batch containing a suspension of these nanoparticles. Thanks to the strip heat, the solution is locally destabilized and the nanoparticles precipitate onto the metal. The result is an ultra-thin coating (50-200 nm), very compact, that can provide excellent paint adhesion and anticorrosion properties.
Production of extremely low energy electron beam with silicon-based field emitter arrays and its application to space charge neutralization of low-energy and high-current ion beam (2012)

An electron beam with an energy as low as 5 eV and a current of 0.1 mA was produced by an electron source with a 10,000-tip silicon-based field emitter array (Si-FEA). In order to decelerate the electrons, we have designed an electrostatic lens system for the divergent beam extracted from the FEA. Spatial distribution of the electrons was investigated by a fluorescent screen with a multiple channel plate. Finally, space charge neutralization of low-energy and high-current ion beam was demonstrated with the present electron source.
Variations in the effect of malolactic fermentation on the chemical and sensory properties of Cabernet Sauvignon wine: interactive influences of<i>Oenococcus oeni</i>strain and wine matrix composition (2012)

Background and Aims: This study investigated the interactive effects of malolactic bacterial strain, pre-malolactic fermentation (MLF) pH value and wine matrix/style on modulating chemical and sensory impacts of MLF in Cabernet Sauvignon wine. Methods and Results: Malolactic fermentation was conducted in two styles of Cabernet Sauvignon wine, a lighter, fruity style and a more complex style. Each wine was divided into two equal volumes, one was adjusted to pH 3.3 the other to pH 3.7. Each of these wines was further divided into four equal volumes, three of which were inoculated with three different commercial Oenococcus oeni strains and the fourth used as a non-MLF control. Following MLF, all wines were standardised to approximately pH 3.5. The MLF treatments exhibited significant strain- and wine matrix-dependent effects on a diversity of chemical components, including esters, volatile acids and higher alcohols, and on colour. Descriptive sensory analysis also demonstrated significant effects on several sensory properties. Partial least squares analysis revealed a strong correlation between important chemical components and sensory attributes, including overall fruit flavour and dark fruit aroma. Conclusions: The extent and diversity of the impacts of MLF on wine chemical and sensory properties were directly influenced by choice of bacterial strain, pre-MLF pH and wine matrix composition. Relatively harsh conditions (pH 3.3, 14.8% alcohol) protracted the time of MLF and supported greater differences between Oenococcus oeni strains in their modulation of important wine chemical components. Significance of the Study: This study increases knowledge of the significant impacts of MLF on wine chemical composition and associated sensory properties. Specifically, variations in the effect of MLF on wine sensory and chemical properties has been found to arise from the choice of bacterial strain and wine matrix composition/style.
A Synthetic Entry to the Hydroazulenes. 4,5-Trimethylenetropone (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Synthetic Entry to the Hydroazulenes. 4,5-TrimethylenetroponeO. L. Chapman and T. H. KochCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1966, 31, 4, 1042–1045Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01342a013https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01342a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views96Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
2P2-Q03 Informative Motion of Human-Friendly Robot (14th report) : Generation of Throw-Over Motion to Transmit Landing Distance(Informative Motion & Motion Media) (2011)

This research aims at realizing the robot throw-over movement which a person is easy to predict the distance to the landing position of the object when throwing from a robot to a person by implementing the movement characteristics by people. This paper shows procedure and results of the making of the robot movement based on the throw-over movement of the people.
Design and Operational Characteristics of High-Density Fuel Storage Facilities (1979)

General Electric (GE) experience in operation of the Morris spent fuel storage facility, which now contains over 300 Mg of both boiling water reactor (BWR) and pressurized water reactor spent fuel, confirms that receipt, handling, and storage of spent fuel can be accomplished safely with negligible impact on the environment or the operation itself. Basin water treatment is accomplished with disposable powdered resins applied to a precoated filter-demineralizer unit, and special applications of Zeolites aid in maintaining radiocobalt and radiocesium concentrations to <4 × 10−4 μCi/ml in the basin water. No gaseous radioisotopes from damaged or leaking fuel have been observed, and no significant increases in radioactivity or loss of cladding integrity have been observed during fuel handling and storage.GE has utilized this experience to design an expansion of the Morris basin and to design Boral-poisoned, high-density, stainless-steel storage modules for BWR reactor pools. These free-standing modules store BWR fuel on 165.1-mm (6.5-in.) center spacing, and a sliding low-friction support system limits the seismic loads applied to the fuel. Application of this fuel storage experience has permitted expansion of storage capacity for spent fuel at Morris and at BWR reactors, permitting continued operation until federal programs for long-term storage have been clarified and implemented.
Simplest deformation models of a fluid-saturated poroelastic medium (2014)

Under analysis is the model of two-phase flow in porous medium and deformation of the pore space. The model includes the equations of fluid transfer and porous matrix deformation, derived from the conservation laws. It is shown that the system of the constitutive equations contains a few small parameters, and the corresponding expansion allows obtaining a hierarchical sequence of models of certain deformation conditions. The zero approximation and first approximation models are written in explicit form. It is found that if fluids are incompressible, the first approximation equations go to the Buckley-Leverett model-like system with account for the change of the porous space. The zero approximation equations describe the porous medium behavior under condition of the unchanged volume. In this case, the equation of the pore pressure is separated from the equation of the elastic matrix. The analytical solutions obtained for the zero approximation model in cylindrical coordinates feature shear stresses capable to cause failure.
Synthesis and Reduction of Sterically Encumbered Mesoionic Carbene‐Stabilized Aryldihaloboranes (2017)

Sterically hindered, in situ generated 1,3,4-substituted 1,2,3-triazol-5-ylidene mesoionic carbenes (MICs) were employed to stabilize a number of aryl- and heteroaryldihaloboranes, as well as the first MIC-supported diborane. Reduction of borane adducts of the 1-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-3-methyl-4-tert-butyl-1,2,3-triazol-5-ylidene ligand with KC<sub>8</sub> in non-coordinating solvents led to intramolecular C-H- and, C-C-activation at an isopropyl residue of the supporting ligand. DFT calculations showed that each of these activation reactions proceeds via a different isomer of a borylene intermediate.
Thermally stable polyimides from solutions of monomeric reactions (1971)

Thermally stable polyimide graphite fiber reinforced composites from solutions of monomeric reactions, comparing amide acid prepolymers
Introduction of the Angular Methyl Group. III. The Alkoxymethylene Blocking Group<sup>1</sup> (1947)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIntroduction of the Angular Methyl Group. III. The Alkoxymethylene Blocking Group1William S. Johnson and Harvey PosvicCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1947, 69, 6, 1361–1366Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1947Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1947https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01198a036Request reuse permissionsArticle Views396Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (810 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Long-Term Stable Cultures of Rat Hepatocytes: An <i>in Vitro</i> Model to Study Acute and Chronic Hepatic Inflammation (2002)

Engineered tissues provide an opportunity to investigate important physiological processes difficult to study in whole perfused organs and animal models. For example, a hepatocyte culture model consisting of rat hepatocytes cultured in a collagen sandwich configuration, which exhibits stable differentiated liver-specific functions, may be useful to investigate liver pathophysiology. To investigate systemic inflammation-related hepatic failure, we chronically exposed hepatocytes to the inflammatory mediators interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) for up to 4 weeks. IL-6 (2.5 ng/mL) transiently suppressed albumin (-90%) and chronically increased fibrinogen (+6-fold) production. IL-6 inhibited urea synthesis at 2.5 ng/mL and stimulated it at 0.025 ng/mL. IL-1beta (10 ng/mL) inhibited albumin (-90%), urea (-40 to 50%), and IL-6-stimulated fibrinogen (-90%) secretion. The inhibitory effect of IL-1beta on urea secretion was dose-dependent. Furthermore, IL-1beta transiently stimulated nitric oxide (NO) synthesis; however, NO did not mediate the effect of IL-1beta on albumin and fibrinogen production, and played a minor role in IL-1beta-mediated urea synthesis suppression. In conclusion, IL-1beta and IL-6 exert, via a direct effect on hepatocytes, long-term inhibitory effects on hepatic functions that are potentially important for the survival of the host, which may contribute to hepatic dysfunction in prolonged inflammatory states.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Fumarate reductase activity maintains an energized membrane in anaerobic Mycobacterium tuberculosis. (2011)

Oxygen depletion of Mycobacterium tuberculosis engages the DosR regulon that coordinates an overall down-regulation of metabolism while up-regulating specific genes involved in respiration and central metabolism. We have developed a chemostat model of M. tuberculosis where growth rate was a function of dissolved oxygen concentration to analyze metabolic adaptation to hypoxia. A drop in dissolved oxygen concentration from 50 mmHg to 0.42 mmHg led to a 2.3 fold decrease in intracellular ATP levels with an almost 70-fold increase in the ratio of NADH/NAD(+). This suggests that re-oxidation of this co-factor becomes limiting in the absence of a terminal electron acceptor. Upon oxygen limitation genes involved in the reverse TCA cycle were upregulated and this upregulation was associated with a significant accumulation of succinate in the extracellular milieu. We confirmed that this succinate was produced by a reversal of the TCA cycle towards the non-oxidative direction with net CO(2) incorporation by analysis of the isotopomers of secreted succinate after feeding stable isotope ((13)C) labeled precursors. This showed that the resulting succinate retained both carbons lost during oxidative operation of the TCA cycle. Metabolomic analyses of all glycolytic and TCA cycle intermediates from (13)C-glucose fed cells under aerobic and anaerobic conditions showed a clear reversal of isotope labeling patterns accompanying the switch from normoxic to anoxic conditions. M. tuberculosis encodes three potential succinate-producing enzymes including a canonical fumarate reductase which was highly upregulated under hypoxia. Knockout of frd, however, failed to reduce succinate accumulation and gene expression studies revealed a compensatory upregulation of two homologous enzymes. These major realignments of central metabolism are consistent with a model of oxygen-induced stasis in which an energized membrane is maintained by coupling the reductive branch of the TCA cycle to succinate secretion. This fermentative process may offer unique targets for the treatment of latent tuberculosis. PMID: 21998585 Funding information This work was supported by: Intramural NIH HHS, United States Wellcome Trust, United Kingdom
Interface engineering for large-area planar perovskite solar cells (Conference Presentation) (2017)

The formation of pinhole-free perovskite photoactive films with full surface coverage has been a tremendous challenge for up-scaling planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs) while maintaining their high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). Particularly, a significant mismatch between the surface energies of a hydrophilic perovskite precursor solution and a hydrophobic organic charge transport layer (CTL) has been a major cause for the poor and random surface coverage of perovskite photoactive films, which drastically reduces the scalability and reproducibility of PSCs. Here, we report a universal method to create extremely compact perovskite photoactive films on a variety of hydrophobic CTLs. By introducing an amphiphilic conjugated polyelectrolyte as an interfacial compatibilizer, we succeed in improving the wettability of perovskite precursor solutions on hydrophobic CTLs and fabricating perovskite photoactive films over large areas. Our approach enables the scalable fabrication of planar PSCs with large areas (1 cm2, PCE of 17%) while preserving nearly 90% of the PCEs of the corresponding small-area devices (PCE of 19%).
Degenerate interconversions of sulfonium ions involving intramolecular nucleophilic displacement by neighboring sulfide sulfur. Question of an intermediate in the SN2 displacement (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDegenerate interconversions of sulfonium ions involving intramolecular nucleophilic displacement by neighboring sulfide sulfur. Question of an intermediate in the SN2 displacementJ. C. Martin and Robert J. BasalayCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95, 8, 2572–2578Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1973https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00789a027RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views210Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (764 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Mono‐ and Difluoronaphthoic Acids. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Deciphering output coupling mechanisms in spiral microcavities with femtosecond light bullets (2005)

A pump-probe two-photon-excited fluorescence technique deciphers in space and time the propagation of ballistic wave packets sustained by whispering-gallery modes (WGMs) in a spiral-shaped microcavity. Diffraction on the spiral discontinuity does not prevent the WGMs from closing. The resultant average Q of the resonator is 3 x 10(4) +/- 50%. Experimental results are compared with numerical simulations, providing evidence of a new contribution to output coupling: Part of the WGM evanescent wave is reflected at the spiral notch and leads to a propagating wave at an angle that matches the previously observed laser emission direction in 4-dicyanomethylene-2-methyl-6-(p-dimethylaminostyryl)-4H-pyran-doped poly(methyl methacrylate) and InGaN spiral lasers.