gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Variscan Orogen in Poland (2006)

The structure and evolution of the Polish part of the Variscan Orogenic Belt is reviewed, based on published data and interpretations. The Sudetic segment of the Variscides, together with adjacent areas, experienced multi-stage accretion during successive collisional events that followed the closure of different segments of the Rheic Ocean. In SW Poland, Variscan tectono-stratigraphic units are tectonically juxtaposed and often bear record of contrasting exhumation/cooling paths, constrained by palaeontological and geochronological data. This points to the collage-type tectonics of this area. A three-partite subdivision of the Sudetes is proposed that reflects timing differences in deformation and exhumation of the respective segments. The Central, West and East Sudetes were deformed and amalgamated during the Middle/Late Devonian, at the turn from the Devonian to Carboniferous and during Early Carboniferous times, respectively. Problems in extending the classical tectono-stratigraphic zonation of the Variscides into the Sudetes are discussed and attributed to activity along Late Palaeozoic strike-slip faults and shear zones, disrupting and dispersing the initially more simply distributed tectono-stratigraphic units into the present-day structural mosaic. Relationships between the Variscan Externides and the foreland basin are explored. Sediments of the foreland basin locally onlap the external fold-and-thrust belt that had undergone an earliest Carboniferous partial tectono-thermal overprint. During the Late Carboniferous, the SW part of the foreland basin was heavily affected by thrusting and folding and incorporated into the Externides. During Westphalian C to Early Permian times, localized folding and thrusting affected the distal parts of the foreland basin, probably in response to dextral transpressional movements along NW-SE trending basement faults.
Synthesis of fused heterocyclic compounds with polyphosphoric acid (1967)

Several heterocycles with fused pyrazole rings were obtained by treatment of the p-nitrophenylhydrazones of several acylated hydrocarbons and thiophene with polyphosphoric acid.
Isolation of Escherichia coli Mutants (cpdB) Deficient in Periplasmic 2' :3' -Cyclic Phosphodiesterase and Genetic Mapping of the cpdB Locus (1980)

Mutants of Escherichia coli deficient in the periplasmic enzyme 2':3'-cyclic phosphodiesterase have been obtained. The gene, designated cpdB, was mapped by conjugation and transduction and found to be located about 0 . 11 min to the right of the cycA locus on the E. coli genetic map.
Auxetic behaviour from connected different-sized squares and rectangles (2010)

Auxetic materials exhibit the unusual property of becoming fatter when uniaxially stretched and thinner when uniaxially compressed (i.e. they exhibit a negative Poisson ratio; NPR), a property that may result in various enhanced properties. The NPR is the result of the manner in which particular geometric features in the micro- or nanostructure of the materials deform when they are subjected to uniaxial loads. Here, we propose and discuss a new model made from different-sized rigid rectangles, which rotate relative to each other. This new model has the advantage over existing models that it can be used to describe the properties of very different systems ranging from silicates and zeolites to liquid-crystalline polymers. We show that such systems can exhibit scale-independent auxetic behaviour for stretching in particular directions, with Poisson’s ratios being dependent on the shape and relative size of different rectangles in the model and the angle between them.
Effect of Using a Biopreservative Culture on some Properties of Set-Type Yoghurt (Turkish with English Abstract) (2006)

In this study, the commercial biopreservative culture containing Propionibacteriumfreudenreichii ssp. shermanii and Lactobacillus rhamnosus was tested to reveal its effect on some properties of set-type yoghurt. Yoghurt milk was divided into four parts after heat treatment and the first one was used for the production of control sample. To the remaining three parts 1, 5 or 10 units of biopreservative culture was added, respectively. All parts of the milk were incubated at 42± 1°C until pH 4.7 after being inoculated with 2% of yoghurt starter culture. Yoghurt samples were analyzed for titratable acidity, pH, contents of lactic acid, acetaldehyde and diacetyl, consistency, whey separation and sensorial properties on days 1, 7 and 15 during storage at 4±1 °C. Using different levels of biopreservative culture did not create a significant effect on physical, chemical and organoleptic properties of yoghurt samples.
Nonlinear Regression: The Information Content of Pressure and Pressure-Derivative Data (2001)

Abstract It is shown that commonly used procedures for estimating parameters by regressing on pressure derivative data are based on incorrect covariance matrices and thus violate the underlying statistical basis for nonlinear least squares parameter estimation. Although the resulting estimates of model parameters may be reasonable, calculated confidence intervals are meaningless. Here, we show how to compute the correct derivative data covariance matrix that should be used for estimating parameters by nonlinear least squares. It is also shown that the information content of derivative data cannot be greater than the information content of pressure data in the sense that regression on derivative data with the proper covariance matrix will not yield smaller confidence intervals than those obtained by regressing on pressure data only. In fact, we prove that matching a data set including all interior derivative data plus two appropriate pressure points will yield exactly the same estimates and confidence intervals that would be obtained by regressing on pressure data only.
Helicobacter pylori serum IGG’si pozitif olan larengofarengeal reflülü olgularda total antioksidan kapasite, total oksidan seviye ve oksidatif stres indeksi (2013)

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigated the relationship between H. pylori IgG positivity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant level (TOL) and oxidative stress index (OSI) in patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR). Methods: A total of 48 patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) were included into the study group. Of these patients, 20 with H. pylori IgG (-), LPR (+) were included into Group 2; and 28 patients with H. pylori IgG (+), LPR (+) were included into Group 3. The control group (Group 1) consisted of 19 healthy subjects. In all groups, total antioxidant capacity, total oxidant level and oxidative stress index were studied. Results: Group 3&#039;s total oxidant level values were significantly higher than those of Group 1 (p=0.000) and Group 2 (p=0.000); and Group 2&#039;s total oxidant level values were significantly higher than Group 1. Group 3&#039;s oxidative stress index values were significantly higher than those of Group 1 (p=0.000) and Group 2 (p=0.000), and Group 2&#039;s oxidative stress index values were significantly higher than Group 1 (p=0.001). Conclusion: The presence of LFR alone, or LFR and increase in the level of serum IgG antibody developed against H. pylori, lead to increase in total oxidant level and oxidative stress index. Both LPR and to be infected with H. pylori and development of H. pylori IgG antibodies lead to an increase in total oxidant level and oxidative stress index; and an increase in free radicals ultimately lead to an increase in oxidative stress in the body.
An important role for glutathione and γ-glutamyltranspeptidase in the supply of growth requirements during nitrogen starvation of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1997)

When the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae sigma 1278b was starved for nitrogen, the total glutathione (GSH) pool increased from 7 to 17 nmol (mg dry wt)-1 during the first 2 h and then declined. More than 90% of the total GSH shifted towards the central vacuole during this time. This transient stimulation was not observed in the presence of buthionine-(S,R)-sulphoximine (BSO), a specific transition-state-analogue inhibitor of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthase (gamma-GCS), nor in a mutant strain deficient in this enzyme- gamma-Glutamyltranspeptidase (gamma-GT), a vacuolar enzyme responsible for the initial step of GSH degradation, was derepressed during nitrogen starvation. This mechanism can apparently enable the starved yeast cell to use the constituent amino acids from GSH which accumulate in the vacuole to satisfy its growth requirements for nitrogen.
Design and Implementation of Real-time Haptic Display System (2011)

In this paper, we propose a haptic display system that can convert Braille and tactual map(braille map) to tactile information recognizable through sense of touch almost in real-time. The proposed system consists of a haptic display hardware device, which actually delivers tactile signal to visually impaired people, and a device control software program, which converts Braille and tactile information to tactile signal and transfers it to the hardware device. Experimental evaluations of the proposed system were performed with 10 visually impaired persons. Experimental results show that the proposed system can provide similar Braille recognition rate and speed to those of existing Braille information devices. In addition, the proposed system converts tactile information to tactile signal under maximum 1.1 seconds, so that it can provide graphic information in almost real-time which is not possible with existing tactile devices, such as Braille printer.
Synthèse et caractérisation de copolymères triséquencés de différents méthacrylates d'alkyle (1977)

Abstract Triblock copolymers of different alkyl methacrylates with side chains containing 1 to 12 carbon atoms were synthesized by anionic polymerization in tetrahydrofuran with diphenylmethyl sodium or naphthalene sodium (sodium dihydronaphthylide) as initiators. The polymer samples were fractionated by means of solvent/non‐solvent systems. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC), light scattering, osmometry, and elemental analysis were used to characterize the fractions. The copolymers were found to be free of homopolymers and the polydispersity of molecular weight of the fractions to be very low.
Chromium(III) Complexes with Some Optically Active α-Hydroxy Acids (1993)

Complexes obtained from CrCl 3 Py 3 with some optically active α-hydroxy acids have been characterized by elemental analysis, magnetic susceptibility, vibrational (IR), electronic and circular dichroism (CD) spectra. The magnetic susceptibility data are close to the spin-only value for a d 3 chromium(III) ion in octahedral or distorted octahedral symmetry. Three (Cr—Cl) vibrational modes in the region 410-290 cm -1 are observed for some of the complexes indicating C 2ν , local symmetry of ligand atoms around the chromium(III). In the electronic spectra two peaks are observed in the range 16949-18018 and 22986-24570 cm -1 . They are assigned to d—d transitions in pseudo octahedral symmetry. The structure of the complexes is likely to be facial since strong and well defined Cotton effects are observed. The parameters (D q , B, β 35 ) for the complexes provide reassurance that pyridine nitrogen is preserved.
Sex differences in the course of personality development: A meta-analysis. (1991)

Size and stability of sex differences in personality growth throughout adolescence and adulthood are examined. Studies using the Washington University Sentence Completion Test of ego development served as the primary source data. Sixty-five studies (encompassing more than 9,000 Ss) generated 113 independent effect sizes. Sex differences in ego development were moderately large among junior and senior high-school students (female advantage), declined significantly among college-age adults, and disappeared entirely among older men and women. Sex differences were relatively stable during early and middle adolescence. The greater maturity displayed by adolescent girls is not an artifact of superior verbal abilities. Sex differences in ego development were more than twice the magnitude of differences in vocabulary skills (Hyde & Linn, 1988). The present findings, together with findings from reviews of sex differences in moral judgment, aggression, and empathy, suggest that adolescent girls achieve developmental milestones earlier than boys, a difference that declines with age.
QoS3: Secure Caching in HTTPS Based on Fine-Grained Trust Delegation (2019)

With the ever-increasing concern in network security and privacy, a major portion of Internet traffic is encrypted now. Recent research shows that more than 70% of Internet content is transmitted using HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS). However, HTTPS encryption eliminates the advantages of many intermediate services like the caching proxy, which can significantly degrade the performance of web content delivery. We argue that these restrictions lead to the need for other mechanisms to access sites quickly and safely. In this paper, we introduce QoS3, which is a protocol that can overcome such limitations by allowing clients to explicitly and securely re-introduce in-network caching proxies using fine-grained trust delegation without compromising the integrity of the HTTPS content and modifying the format of Transport Layer Security (TLS). In QoS3, we classify web page contents into two types: (1) public contents that are common for all users, which can be stored in the caching proxies, and (2) private contents that are specific for each user. Correspondingly, QoS3 establishes two separate TLS connections between the client and the web server for them. Specifically, for private contents, QoS3 just leverages the original HTTPS protocol to deliver them, without involving any middlebox. For public contents, QoS3 allows clients to delegate trust to specific caching proxy along the path, thereby allowing the clients to use the cached contents in the caching proxy via a delegated HTTPS connection. Meanwhile, to prevent Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) attacks on public contents, QoS3 validates the public contents by employing Document object Model (DoM) object-level checksums, which are delivered through the original HTTPS connection. We implement a prototype of QoS3 and evaluate its performance in our testbed. Experimental results show that QoS3 provides acceleration on page load time ranging between 30% and 64% over traditional HTTPS with negligible overhead. Moreover, QoS3 is deployable since it requires just minor software modifications to the server, client, and the middlebox.
A poor predictor (1996)

Trevor Sheldon says screening is unlikely to prevent more than 5 per cent of fractures in women with low bone density, while Linda Edwards argues for an osteoporosis service
Back to the Future: Surrogates, Mirror Worlds, and Parallel Universes (2011)

EIC Fei-Yeu Wang ruminates the creation of "software surrogates" that perform our tasks for us within cyberspace—crawling beneath the Internet—gathering information, organizing our life, improving our studies, and conducting our business. Ultimately, these software surrogates will enhance our abilities and make our lives and societies safer and more effective, leading to a "smart world." This issue also presents the AI's 10 to Watch list.
Vibrationally Resolved Photoelectron Spectroscopy of BO<sup>-</sup> and BO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>:  A Joint Experimental and Theoretical Study (2007)

We report a photoelectron spectroscopy and computational study of two simple boron oxide species: BO- and BO2-. Vibrationally resolved photoelectron spectra are obtained at several photon energies (355, 266, 193, and 157 nm) for the 10B isotopomers, 10BO- and 10BO2-. In the spectra of 10BO-, we observe transitions to the 2Sigma+ ground state and the 2Pi excited state of 10BO at an excitation energy of 2.96 eV. The electron affinity of 10BO is measured to be 2.510+/-0.015 eV. The vibrational frequencies of the ground states of 10BO- and 10BO and the 2Pi excited state are measured to be 1725+/-40, 1935+/-30, and 1320+/-40 cm-1, respectively. For 10BO2-, we observe transitions to the 2Pig ground state and two excited states of 10BO2, 2Piu, and 2Sigmau+, at excitation energies of 2.26 and 3.04 eV, respectively. The electron affinity of 10BO2 is measured to be 4.46+/-0.03 eV and the symmetrical stretching vibrational frequency of the 2Piu excited state of 10BO2 is measured to be 980+/-30 cm-1. Both density functional and ab initio calculations are performed to elucidate the electronic structure and chemical bonding of the two boron oxide molecules. Comparisons with the isoelectronic AlO- and AlO2- species and the closely related molecules CO, N2, CN-, and CO2 are also discussed.
PENETRATION OF FRAGRANCE COMPOUNDS THROUGH HUMAN EPIDERMIS (1983)

ABSTRACT Penetration through excised human epidermis of six phenolic, four benzyl, two salicylate and six cinnamic compounds was examined. A considerable difference in penetration of the compounds tested was observed. Benzyl alcohol penetrated most rapidly. Solubility in water and octanol of each compound was studied. All compounds were freely soluble in octanol. A high correlation between water solubility and percent penetration through human epidermis of compounds was observed. The percent penetration of compounds was not related to allergenic potency.
Spectrophotometric determination of pKa values for fluorescein using activity coefficient corrections (2002)

The absorbance of the organic water tracer compound fluorescein is known to be pH dependent but differences between the reported PKa values make it difficult to predict these absorbance changes. A new pKa determination method, which incorporated activity corrections, was used to calculate the pKa values of fluorescein. Several published pKa values were re-evaluated and were in agreement once activity corrections were applied. WaterSA Vol.28(4) 2002: 395-402
Seasonal Variations in Rubber Biosynthesis, 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A Reductase, and Rubber Transferase Activities in Parthenium argentatum in the Chihuahuan Desert (1993)

The rubber content and the activities of enzymes in the polyisoprenoid pathway in Parthenium argentatum (guayule) were examined throughout the growing season in field plots in the Chihuahuan Desert. The rubber content of the plants was low in July and August and slowly increased until October. From October to December there was a rapid increase in rubber formation (per plant) from 589.0 mg to 4438.0 mg. The percentage of rubber in the plants increased from 0.7% (mg/g dry weight) in August and 1.27% in October to 5.5% in December. The rapid increase in rubber formation may result from exposing the plants to low temperatures of 5 to 7[deg]C. The activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR) was 21.1 nmol mevalonic acid (MVA) h-1 g-1 fresh weight in the bark of the lower stems in June during seedling growth and decreased to 5.1 nmol MVA h-1g-1 fresh weight in July and 2.9 nmol MVA h-1 g-1 fresh weight in September. From October to December, the activity increased from 5.0 to 29.9 nmol MVA h-1 g-1 fresh weight. The activity of rubber transferase was 65.5 nmol isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) h-1 g-1fresh weight in the bark in September and increased to 357.5 nmol IPP h-1 g-1 fresh weight in December. The rapid increase in the activities of HMGR and rubber transferase coincided with the rapid increase in rubber formation. The activities of MVA kinase and IPP isomerase did not significantly increase in the fall and winter. A tomato HMGR-1 cDNA probe containing a highly conserved C-terminal region of HMGR genes hybridized at low stringency with several bands on blots of HindIII-digested genomic DNA from guayule. In northern blots with the HMGR-1 cDNA probe at low stringency, HMGR mRNA was high in June and November, corresponding to periods of high HMGR activity during seedling growth and rapid increase in rubber formation. The seasonal variations in rubber formation and HMGR mRNA, HMGR activity, and rubber transferase activity may be due to low temperature stimulation in the fall and winter months.
Dual band (28/38 GHz) CPW slot directive antenna for future 5G cellular applications (2016)

A design and analysis of a 28/38 GHz dual-band CPW slot directive antenna are presented. To obtain a dual band at 28/38 GHz that covers 5G applications, chambered rectangular patches are printed on a low permittivity “εr2=2.2” grounded substrates with a 0.254-mm-thick where it is fed by a 50Ω microstrip line on the backside through a staircase rectangular apertures etched in the ground plane. The simulated results show that the designed antenna has dual band at 28 and 38 GHz for 5G system. The antenna provides almost directional patterns with acceptable gain values at both frequency band of operation.
Relative Link Quality Assessment and Hybrid Routing Scheme for Wireless Mesh Networks (2011)

We present a link capacity estimation model and a hybrid routing scheme for wireless mesh networks which aims at improving throughput. The multi-source interference between links and frame capture behaviors of nodes are analyzed. Our model provides estimated values which can indicate the relative quality of wireless links. And we present a routing metric which combines multiple factors based on the estimated values. The proposed routing scheme which is independent of special routing protocols adopts different strategies for the traffic of accessing the Internet and the end-to-end traffic. Besides, we introduce a new gateway-assisted routing technique to further improve the performance. Simulation results show that the estimation model provides accurate estimated values enough for route selection, and the routing scheme improves end-to-end throughput by 185% compared with legacy AODV[14] protocol.
The influence of the iso-electric point of L-asparaginase upon its persistence in the blood. (1971)

A series of chemically modified Erwinia carotovora asparaginases was prepared with iso-electric points (pI) from 3·3-9·7. The half-life of each modified enzyme in the circulating blood of rabbits was closely related to its pI. Half-life increased with pI from about 5 min. at pI 3·3 to a maximum of 1125 min. at pI 6·0 and then declined to 228 min. at pI 9·7. This effect probably reflects differences in the rate at which each modified enzyme is removed from the blood, and its application to other proteins which are used therapeutically may be advantageous.
A Two-Stage Life Test for the Exponential Parameter (1988)

A two-stage test procedure is proposed for the exponential parameter that combines Type I and Type II censoring. The test will allow the user to specify the maximum time and number of failures required for a decision in a two-stage sampling scheme. A study of the expected time and the expected number of failures at decision suggests additional advantages of the test.