gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structual and magnetic properties of RMo1.5Fe10.5N<i>x</i> (1993)

A systematic study of the structural and magnetic properties of the RMo1.5Fe10.5Nx series, where R is Y, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, or Er, has been carried out using x-ray diffraction, magnetic measurements, and the Mössbauer effect. The 1-12 phase with Ce and Pr has been successfully stabilized. PrMo1.5Fe10.5Nx possesses excellent intrinsic magnetic properties, favorable for permanent magnet applications. The 1-12 phase, RMo1.5Fe10.5Nx, was also stabilized. Compared to RMo2Fe10Nx, this compound shows a higher Curie temperature and a larger saturation magnetization due to the lower Mo content.
Lymphotoxin Is Required for Treg Migration and Function for Islet Allograft Survival. (2014)

Introduction: Treg migration from islet allografts to draining LN is essential for prolonging allograft survival. Lymphotoxin (LT) regulates the organization, development, and maintenance of lymphoid organs, and LT beta receptor (LTβR) signaling has been implicated in T cell migration in the thymus. However, the role of LT in T cell migration to lymph node (LN) has not been explored. Here we tested the hypothesis that LT- LTβR interactions are important for Treg migration to LN and essential for prolonging graft survival. Methods: T cell subsets were generated using Foxp3GFP mice, and purified based on CD44, CD25, and Foxp3GFP expression, or isolated directly from wild type (WT) C57BL/6 or lymphotoxin-α deficient mice (LTα KO) using CD4 and CD25 bead selection. T cells were used in transmigration assays across lymphatic endothelial SVEC4-10 or blood endothelial MS-1 cell lines. For in vivo assays, T cells were labeled with tracking dyes, injected via the foot pad, intravenously, into the ear pinna, or co-transferred with BALB/c islet allografts under the kidney capsule, and analyzed at various times and sites. LTβR fusion protein (LTβRIg) was used to block LT interactions with LTβR. Results: WT but not LTa KO Treg prolonged islet allograft function. LTα KO Treg suppressed responder T cell proliferation normally in vitro, but failed to migrate from islet grafts to dLN. WT Treg migration from footpads to popliteal dLN was inhibited by LTβRIg, while non-Treg CD4 T cell migration was unaffected. In contrast, Treg treated with LTβRIg migrated from blood directly into LN as well as controls. Both natural and induced Treg migration to lymphatics was inhibited by LTβRIg, while non Treg CD4 T cell migration was not inhibited. Treg transmigration across lymphatic endothelial SVEC4-10 cells but not blood endothelial MS-1 cells in vitro was inhibited by LTβRIg, while transmigration of non-Treg CD4 T cells was not affected. Conclusions: Treg, but not non-Treg CD4 T cells, rely upon stimulation of LTβR on lymphatic endothelium for migration to LN via afferent lymphatics. This interaction is not required for LN entry from blood through HEV. This reveals a previously undescribed role for LTβR in regulating Treg entry into LN. Since Treg are specialized to engage afferent lymphatics to enter LN and be fully suppressive, modulating this pathway may allow targeted disruption or enhancement of Treg migration to LN and suppress or enhance immunity or tolerance.
High-pressure Raman studies on post-perovskite solid solution CaIr 0.5 Pt 0.5 O 3 and room-pressure Raman studies on CaIr 1- xPtxO3 (x = 0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7) & CaIr0.5Rh0.5O3 (2011)

High-quality polycrystalline samples of CaIr1-xPtxO3 (x = 0.3, 0.5, 0.7) and CaIr0.5Rh0.5O3 have been obtained at a pressure of 15 GPa, and high-pressure Raman studies on CaIr0.5Pt0.5O3 and room-pressure Raman studies on CaIr1-xPtxO3 series (x = 0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7) and CaIr0.5Rh0.5O3 are reported. A new phase of CaIr0.5Pt0.5O3 synthesized at 60GPa, 1900K has Raman modes which resemble those of CaIrO3 perovskite, suggesting this phase has a perovskite structure. Pt-O covalent bonding stabilizes the post-perovskite structure and destabilizes the perovskite structure, whilst pressure and the replacement of Pt-O by Ir-O bonding also stabilises the perovskite structure. The instability of the perovskite phase of CaIr0.5Pt0.5O3 reveals why the post-perovskite to peovskite phase transition has not been observed for CaPtO3 unlike the case for CaIrO3, CaRhO3 and CaRuO3.
Functional characterization of isoschizomeric His‐Cys box homing endonucleases from <i>Naegleria</i> (2000)

Several species within the amoeboflagellate genus Naegleria harbor an optional ORF containing group I introns in their nuclear small subunit ribosomal DNA. The different ORFs encode homing endonucleases with 65 to 95% identity at the amino-acid level. I-NjaI, I-NanI and I-NitI, from introns in Naegleria jamiesoni, N. andersoni and N. italica, respectively, were analyzed in more detail and found to be isoschizomeric endonucleases that recognize and cleave an approximal 19-bp partially symmetrical sequence, creating a pentanucleotide 3' overhang upon cleavage. The optimal conditions for cleavage activity with respect to temperature, pH, salt and divalent metal ions were investigated. The optimal cleavage temperature for all three endonucleases was found to be 37 degrees C and the activity was dependent on the concentration of NaCl with an optimum at 200 mM. Divalent metal ions, primarily Mg2+, are essential for Naegleria endonuclease activity. Whereas both Mn2+ and Ca2+ could substitute for Mg2+, but with a slower cleavage rate, Zn2+ was unable to support cleavage. Interestingly, the pH dependence of DNA cleavage was found to vary significantly between the I-NitI and I-NjaI/I-NanI endonucleases with optimal pH values at 6.5 and 9, respectively. Site-directed mutagenesis of conserved I-NjaI residues strongly supports the hypothesis that Naegleria homing endonucleases share a similar zinc-binding structure and active site with the His-Cys box homing endonuclease I-PpoI.
Effect of Input Power Interruptions on Power Electronics Reliability (2012)

Reliability demands for products in power electronics have increased as the desired lifetime of high reliability products has been raised from ten to even thirty years. Increased lifetime and reliability demands along with decreasing time to market have also affected the reliability testing needed for such products. To achieve more accurate reliability results in less time, combined stress testing methods have attracted more attention in recent studies. In this paper, accelerated reliability testing using combined stress testing method was conducted on commercial motor drives. The motor drives were tested in high temperature and high humidity test combined with power cycling. Additionally, input power interruption was included in part of the tests. The aim of this research was to study the effect of input power interruptions on failure times and failure modes. The results from the tests show clear differences between tests conducted either with or without input power interruptions. Shorter failure times were achieved when input power interruptions were included in the test procedure. However, they also changed the failure modes between the tests. As a conclusion, the different test methods reported in this study accelerated different failure mechanisms. Consequently, if power interruptions are used in testing, power interruption parameters and the relevance of failure modes occurring in accelerated testing compared to those seen in actual use conditions should be considered carefully.
Second-Order Stochastic Optimization for Machine Learning in Linear Time (2016)

First-order stochastic methods are the state-of-the-art in large-scale machine learning optimization owing to efficient per-iteration complexity. Second-order methods, while able to provide faster convergence, have been much less explored due to the high cost of computing the second-order information. In this paper we develop second-order stochastic methods for optimization problems in machine learning that match the per-iteration cost of gradient based methods, and in certain settings improve upon the overall running time over popular first-order methods. Furthermore, our algorithm has the desirable property of being implementable in time linear in the sparsity of the input data.
Impact of the neutrophil response to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on the risk of hemorrhage when used in combination with tissue plasminogen activator during the acute phase of experimental stroke (2014)

We demonstrate that G-CSF potentiates the risk of hemorrhage in experimental stroke when used in combination with tPA by inducing neutrophilia. This effect is concomitant to an increased MMP-9 release from peripheral neutrophils induced by the tPA treatment. These results highlight the potential hemorrhagic risk of associating G-CSF to thrombolysis during the acute phase of stroke.
Large Optical Springs in Picogram-Scale Optomechanical Oscillators (2009)

We experimentally demonstrate a picogram-scale optomechanical system that increases its mechanical rigidity by more than 5X with the application of mW-level optical power. We discuss the theory and fabrication, making comparisons to existing optomechanical systems.
Characterization of Vitellogenin from White Sturgeon (2004)

Sturgeon are an ancient family (Acipenseridae) of fishes that lie close to the divergence of fish that eventually evolved into terrestrial animals and those that evolved into modern teleost species. Therefore, white sturgeon vitellogenin sequences fill a gap in the current understanding of the functional domains of this protein family. Vitellogenin cDNA was sequenced and used to investigate gene expression in white sturgeon, Acipenser transmontanus. Estrogen-induced vitellogenin mRNA was detected in the livers of both males and females and was also detected in undifferentiated gonads of estrogen-treated fish. Low levels of vitellogenin mRNA were also detected in the testis of both control and estrogen-treated males. The cDNA encoded a 186kDa protein that was missing only six to seven of the amino-terminal amino acids. Comparisons to silver lamprey, Xenopus, and chicken vitellogenin sequences indicate that the overall structure of the yolk protein domains were highly conserved. There was considerable homology in three regions of the lipovitellin I domain. These conserved sequences are likely to be involved in vitellogenin receptor binding. The phosvitin domain of white sturgeon vitellogenin contained fewer and shorter serine repeats as predicted from yolk protein phosphate content of fish compared to Xenopus and chicken. However, the vitellogenin of white sturgeon had a lower serine content as compared with silver lamprey, indicating that an in* Present address: 1026 Poultry Science Bldg., Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 Correspondence to: C. A. Bidwell creased serine content is not strictly a function of evolutionary age.
Etude du risque de transmission de retrovirus endogenes de porc lors d'une xenogreffe d'ilots : etudes in vitro et in vivo (2002)

La xenotransplantation d'ilots pancreatiques porcins constitue une alternative therapeutique dans le diabete de type i. Un probleme majeur pose par cette greffe est le risque de transmission d'agents pathogenes du porc au receveur humain. L'utilisation de porcs exempts d'organismes pathogenes specifies (eops) pourrait permettre de minimiser ce risque. Cependant, cette strategie n'elimine pas les sequences retrovirales endogenes porcines (perv) presentes dans le genome porcin. Notre objectif a ete d'etudier le risque retroviral lie a l'utilisation d'ilots de porc eops. Nous avons rapporte la presence d'arnm de genes retroviraux perv dans differents tissus de porc eops. L'expression de ces sequences perv varie selon les tissus suggerant que le risque retroviral lors d'une xenotransplantation pourrait differer en fonction du tissu porcin greffe. L'expression des arn perv etait particulierement fiable dans les pancreas et dans les ilots de porc. Par ailleurs, nous n'avons pu mettre en evidence une activite transcriptase inverse dans les surnageants d'ilots, temoignant soit de l'absence de production de virions soit d'une production tres faible. In vitro, nous avons realise des tests d'infection en coincubant des ilots de porc avec differentes lignees humaines dont les cellules hek 293, tres sensibles aux perv. Cette etude rapporte que les ilots de porc eops ne sont pas capables d'infecter in vitro des cellules humaines. Nous avons etudie le risque in vivo dans un modele original : des souris nude, greffees avec des tumeurs humaines de cellules 293, ont recu des ilots de porc eops en intraperitoneale. Dans ce modele, les ilots de porc eops ont transmis des sequences perv a quelques tissus murins et egalement a des cellules humaines. Nos resultats suggerent donc que sous certaines conditions les ilots pourraient produire des perv infectieux. Le risque de transmission de perv au receveur humain lors d'une xenogreffe d'ilots ne peut pas etre exclu.
OXIDATION OF THIOFLAVONOIDS WITH CERIC AMMONIUM NITRATE (1979)

Abstract Ceric ammonium nitrate which is used for the preparation of sulfoxides does not react with 1-thioflavanone \1\ in the expected way, since in the course of the reaction 1-thioflavone \2\ is formed1, instead of 1-thioflavanone sulfoxide \3\.
Leptin is closely related to body fat in prepubertal children aged 8–11 years (2006)

This study shows that, already at the young age of 9-11 y, an adult-like pattern of regulation of leptin exists. This indicates similar risk factor dependency of leptin across all age groups.
Redox Control of Epstein-Barr Virus Replication by Human Thioredoxin/ATL-Derived Factor: Differential Regulation of Lytic and Latent Infection (1999)

Human thioredoxin (hTRX)/adult T-cell leukemia (ATL)-derived factor (ADF) was originally reported as an interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor-alpha-inducing factor produced by human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1-positive (HTLV-1+) cell lines. Growing evidence indicates that hTRX/ADF plays important roles in cellular responses against oxidative stress and is involved in a variety of cellular functions. A high level of hTRX/ADF expression is also observed in other human virus-infected cell lines including those of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human papillomavirus. In this report, we analyzed the effect of hTRX/ADF on lytic amplification and persistent replication of EBV as a model for lytic versus latent phase of viral replication in host cells. Addition of hTRX/ADF clearly suppressed lytic replication of EBV in Raji cells and B95-8 cells induced to the lytic phase of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), and it prevented the death of these cells evoked by the lytic induction. In contrast, hTRX/ADF did not have any effect on persistent replication in the latent phase. These data indicated that hTRX/ADF prevents EBV-transformed cells from proceeding into the lytic phase and regulates cohabitation of EBV and its host cells.
Optical Anisotropy and Porosity of Anodic Aluminum Oxide Characterized by Spectroscopic Ellipsometry (2003)

Anodic oxidation of aluminum results in a mesoporous oxide film. The thin-film geometry of our samples enables straightforward optical modeling of ellipsometry spectra of fully anodized films, using only three physically relevant parameters. The system of randomly distributed, but aligned cylindrical pores gives rise to an optical anisotropy, which is incorporated using the original work of Bruggeman. The optically determined film thickness and cylinder porosity only agree with electron microscopy results when the oxide is considered as a nanoporous matrix. Upon chemical etching, the cylinder porosity increases with time from 10 to 80%, while the aluminum oxide nanoporosity of 33% hardly changes
Learning an Alphabet of Shape and Appearance for Multi-Class Object Detection (2008)

We present a novel algorithmic approach to object categorization and detection that can learn category specific detectors, using Boosting, from a visual alphabet of shape and appearance. The alphabet itself is learnt incrementally during this process. The resulting representation consists of a set of category-specific descriptors—basic shape features are represented by boundary-fragments, and appearance is represented by patches—where each descriptor in combination with centroid vectors for possible object centroids (geometry) forms an alphabet entry. Our experimental results highlight several qualities of this novel representation. First, we demonstrate the power of purely shape-based representation with excellent categorization and detection results using a Boundary-Fragment-Model (BFM), and investigate the capabilities of such a model to handle changes in scale and viewpoint, as well as intra- and inter-class variability. Second, we show that incremental learning of a BFM for many categories leads to a sub-linear growth of visual alphabet entries by sharing of shape features, while this generalization over categories at the same time often improves categorization performance (over independently learning the categories). Finally, the combination of basic shape and appearance (boundary-fragments and patches) features can further improve results. Certain feature types are preferred by certain categories, and for some categories we achieve the lowest error rates that have been reported so far.
Fiducial markers for MR histological correlation in ex vivo or short‐term in vivo animal experiments: A screening study (2005)

Fluid acrylic paints are potentially interesting markers for MR histological correlation. Further studies are needed to assess their long-term properties.
Authentication (2004)

Abstract Authentication is the process by which the identity of an entity is established. Authenticating entities present credentials, such as passwords or certificates, as evidence of their identity. The entity is deemed authentic where presented credentials are valid and sufficient. Note that authentication does not determine which entities should be given access; it only verifies that entities are who they claim to be. However, it is only after entities are authenticated that their rights to resources can be assessed (through authorization). Hence, failure to correctly authenticate users on the Internet can leave online resources vulnerable to misuse. This article considers the semantics, methods, and mechanisms for authentication on the Internet. The goals and principles of authentication are illustrated through several expository systems. The embodied trust, operation, and limitations of these systems are explored. This article is concluded with a number of axioms for the selection and use of authentication systems on the Internet.
CLINICAL ASPECTS OF GUT HORMONES AND NEUROPEPTIDES (1982)

Journal Article CLINICAL ASPECTS OF GUT HORMONES AND NEUROPEPTIDES Get access STEPHEN R BLOOM, MD DSc FRCP, STEPHEN R BLOOM, MD DSc FRCP Department of Medicine, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Univeristy of London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JULIA M POLAK, MD DSc MRCPath JULIA M POLAK, MD DSc MRCPath Department of Histochemistry, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Univeristy of London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar British Medical Bulletin, Volume 38, Issue 3, 1982, Pages 233–238, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a071766 Published: 01 September 1982
The compensation method for the effects of system resolution to the left ventricular volume measurements using QGS program (2002)

We evaluated the accuracy of left ventricular volume calculations performed using the left ventricular function automatic analysis software (QGS program), which automatically extracts the left ventricular profile from ECG-gated myocardial SPECT data and then measures the left ventricular volume. We used a myocardial phantom for this evaluation. The results of our experiments showed that the left ventricular volume was underestimated by up to 13% as the SPECT spatial resolution deteriorated. To overcome this problem, we have developed a method for correcting the left ventricular volume measured by the QGS program according to the SPECT spatial resolution of the detectors. This new correction method permits the left ventricular volume of the phantom to be calculated with an error of less than 1.4%.
Customizable Autonomic Network Management: Integrating Autonomic Network Management and Software-Defined Networking (2015)

The increased complexity of emerging and future networks and services requires the use of sophisticated but simplified management and control that will minimize the burden of human presence and manual operation. Autonomic network management (ANM), on the one hand, and software defined networking (SDN), on the other hand, have appeared with the promise to meet these requirements and enhance the efficiency of the control and operation of networks. These two emerging technologies share motivation and have confluent goals, e.g., increasing the reliability and efficiency of operation, simplifying network management and control, focusing on means for opening innovation and differentiation for vendors, and aiming at capital expenditures/operating expenditures (CAPEX/OPEX) reduction for providers. This article presents and promotes a framework that extends the G?ANT test bed toward an autonomic OpenFlow (AUTOFLOW) facility, aiming at (1) demystifying the relationship and interplay between ANM and SDN and (2) showcasing that SDN/OpenFlow capabilities can bring customizable ANM into reality.
Supplementary Methods, Figure from EWS–WT1 Oncoprotein Activates Neuronal Reprogramming Factor ASCL1 and Promotes Neural Differentiation (2023)

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Field-of-view extender for a novel camera system (2007)

In this paper the use of a blazed holographic grating extends the filed of view (FoV) of a thin camera system. A blazed grating is designed to shift the center of the object field 10° from the axis. The designed blazed grating provides 69% maximum diffraction efficiency (DE) in the primary order over a 15° FoV. High diffraction efficiency is maintained over a wavelength range from 457.8 to 632.9 nm. The holographic blazed grating is fabricated in photoresist on a 1.5 mm thick glass substrate, index matching with a prism. The prism helps to make an adequate profile of the blazed grating. Experimental results confirm that the center in the object field is successfully shifted by the blazed grating for the FoV extender. This technique can be used to increase the numerical aperture (NA) of various optical systems.
0718 Reformulation of Heavy Fuel through Sonochemical Reaction for Two-Component Fuel (2007)

The sonochemistry is originated from the behavior of acoustic cavitation bubbles; the nucleation, growth, and violent collapse. The cavitation bubble collapse forms easily local high temperature and high-pressure region of over 5000K and 100MPa. The sonochemical effect causes the decomposition of carbon bond and the polymerization of nitrogen containing component and aromatic one. The rate of sonochemical reaction is affected by vapor pressure of fuel, and thus is decreased for heavy fuels. Therefore, the authors have proposed the application of sonochemistry into heavy fuel mixed with lower boiling point fuel, because the mixed fuel can improve volatile characteristics due to formation of two-phase region including both vapor and liquid phases. In the previous study, the authors obtained the fundamental understanding that the characteristics of mixed fuel gives to a reforming effect in sonochemical reaction. In this paper, the ultrasonic of 20kHz was irradiated to the solid fuel mixed with lower boiling point fuel, and sonochemical effect of fuel reformulation for solid fuel was clarified.
A facile synthesis of 3,4-disubstituted-1,2-dihydro-5 H -pyrrol-2-ones † (2004)

A facile and efficient method for the synthesis of 3,4-disubstituted-1,2-dihydro-5H-pyrrol-2-ones 8a,c-f is reported.The method involves the hydrogenation of cyanohydrins of 2-alkyl-3-oxobutyric acid alkyl esters la-f, over Raney Ni at 50 psi to furnish hitherto unknown aminoacetyl intermediates 6a-f in quantitative yields which are cyclised to the targeted compounds.