gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dendritic cells: specialized antigen presenting cells. (2000)

Renewing interest in cancer immunotherapy reflects the excellent results that have been obtained in animal models and the promising results in early clinical trails with dendritic cell (DC) based approaches. The central role that DCs play in the initiation of an immune response raises the possibility of using them to trigger specific anti-tumor immunity. In addition, deeper knowledge of DC biology will allow better understanding of the mechanism(s) underlying allergic and autoimmune diseases as well as tolerance phenomena. These crucial issues were critically reviewed during a workshop organized by the Italian Society for Experimental Hematology in Florence, Italy, on March 18th, 1999. The chairmen have prepared this report for the readers of Haematologica.
High performance ATM network simulation using transputers (1990)

Considers a simulation application, using a network of transputers, which is designed to model ATM based telecommunication networks. It is primarily a distributed queueing network simulator which exploits independence between spatially separate events to process them concurrently. A routing process arrangement enables network topologies to be modelled without concern for the transputer interconnections. Additionally, despite the static allocation restrictions of OCCAM, different system topologies can be modelled without resorting to recompilation of the simulator program.
Impact of Angular Spread and DOA Estimation on the Performance of Wideband CDMA Array-Receivers (2006)

Many research efforts were recently spent to address the challenging problem of DOA and angular spread estimation. However, to the best of our knowledge, no previous work has thoroughly investigated their specific impact on the performance of DOA-based antenna-array beamforming. In this contribution, we address this issue in the particular context of wideband CDMA using pilot-assisted or blind antenna-array receivers. In the process, we also assess whether the generalized channel-matched beamforming (i.e., without DOA estimation or a priori knowledge of the spatial structure of the channel) offers a better alternative. Link-level simulation results in terms of required SNR at target BER of 1% suggest that wideband CDMA array-receivers, whether pilot-assisted or blind, are extremely sensitive to angular spread mismatches and that the benefits of exploiting the spatial structure of the channel (i.e., estimation of DOA, angular spread, etc..) translate, at best, in negligible SNR gains when accurate channel identification is already implemented. These results call for implementing channel-matched instead of conventional DOA-based beamforming.
Variability Management for a Runtime Monitoring Infrastructure (2015)

Many software systems today are systems of systems (SoS), which are difficult to analyze due to their size, complexity, heterogeneity, and variability. For instance, unexpected behavior of SoS is often caused by the complex interactions between the involved systems and their environment at runtime. Monitoring infrastructures (MIs) provide support for engineers and support staff analyzing the behavior of SoS during development and operation. Variability plays an important role in MIs, however, while some approaches exist, managing variability of MIs remains challenging. In this paper, we describe how we applied a variability management approach to support the reconfiguration of a SoS monitoring infrastructure (MI) at runtime. Our approach provides configuration support for setting up the MI to reflect system variability. It also supports runtime reconfiguration of the MI to reflect the different monitoring tasks of users and to support evolution. We motivate our work using the case of monitoring a real-world SoS from the domain of industrial automation and discuss variability-related challenges in four monitoring scenarios. We evaluate the feasibility of our approach by applying it to these scenarios. We also demonstrate that our approach reduces manual reconfiguration effort and helps to reduce the overhead of the MI.
Electric and dielectric properties of metal chelates of an aromatic polyhydrazide (1976)

Abstract The influence of metal content of some metal chelates of an aromatic polyhydrazide on the DC and AC conductivity was studied in the temperature range of 293 to 573 K at a constant frequence of 1 kHz. The compounds studied were poly(m‐phenylene‐bis‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole) and Cu(II)‐, Ni(II)‐ and Co(II)‐chelates of the corresponding aromatic polyhydrazide. The conductivity is rather low and all compounds show a break point in the conductivity curve indicating a change in the conductivity mechanism. Cu(II)‐ions seem to have the highest influence on the DC conductivity, while Ni(II)‐ and Co(II)‐ions change the dielectric transition temperatures more than Cu(II).
Large-scale Chromatin Organization and the Localization of Proteins Involved in Gene Expression in Human Cells (2002)

Compartmentalization of the interphase nucleus is an important element in the regulation of gene expression. Here we investigated the functional organization of the interphase nucleus of HeLa cells and primary human fibroblasts. The spatial distribution of proteins involved in transcription (TFIIH and RNA polymerase II) and RNA processing and packaging (hnRNP-U) were analyzed in relation to chromosome territories and large-scale chromatin organization. We present evidence that these proteins are present predominantly in the interchromatin space, inside and between chromosome territories, and are largely excluded by domains of condensed chromatin. We show that they are present throughout the active and inactive X-chromosome territories in primary female fibroblasts, indicating that these proteins can freely diffuse throughout the interchromatin compartment in the interphase nucleus. Furthermore, we established that the in vivo spatial distribution of condensed chromatin in the interphase nucleus does not depend on ongoing transcription. Our data support a conceptually simple model for the functional organization of interphase nuclei.
Sex Differences in Mortality in Children Undergoing Congenital Heart Disease Surgery (2010)

In this large US population study, more male children underwent CHD surgery and had high-risk procedures. Female infants who had high-risk procedures were at higher risk for death, but this accounted for a small proportion of females and is therefore unlikely to have a major impact on the changing demographics in adults in CHD.
Central Nervous System Injury (1998)

Baethmann, A.; Chapuis, D.; Wirth, A.; Jaksche, H.; Grumme, Th.; Reulen, H-J.; Stolpe, E.; Lackner, Ch.; Gerstner, W.; Göbel, W-E.; Kolodziejczyk, D.; Lumenta, Ch.; Sackerer, D.; Trappe, A.; Assal, J.; Belg, A.; Böhme, M.; Chlistalla, A.; Micoli, M. Di; Dietz, H-G.; Döffinger, J.; Eisenstein, T.; Fischer, J.; Hildebrandt, U.; Hölzel, D.; Höpner, F.; Horak, W.; Ketterl, R.; Köstler, W.; Lenz, G.; Lochbihler, H.; Messner, V.; Müller, H.; Müller, N.; Obersteiner, Ch.; Prokscha, G.; Rothmeier, F.; Schneider, G.; Schrödel, M.; Schweiberer, L.; Sommer, F.; Steiger, H-J.; Stummer, W.; Ueblacker, P.; Weber, J.; Wee, Th.β; Wengert, P. Author Information
A CALCULATION METHOD OF SOUND POWER LEVEL RADIATED FROM A STARTING VEHICLE (1991)

For effective noise abatement against road traffic noise, it is necessary to establish the precise calculation method of sound power level. This paper proposes a new method for calculating sound power level radiated from a single vehicle which starts from a special place, such as a signalized intersection and a toll-booth on a toll road. There are several reports which give sound power level radiated from a starting vehicle. Though the reports are useful, the factors influencing the sound power level have not been clarified yet. But using the calculation method proposed in this paper, one can consider how the factors, such as vehicle types, engine maximum power, load capacity, vehicle running weight, gradient of road, vehicle operation of a driver, and so on, influence the sound power level.
Abstract Surface Properties and Wettability of Plastics (1965)

Present knowledge of the ability of aqueous and nonaqueous liquids to spread and wet polymeric solid surfaces is reviewed and related to the surface energy of the solid and surface tension of the liquid. A discussion is then given of the effect on the wetting properties of addition agents dissolved either in the liquid phase or in the polymer. Since the relations of these properties and of surface roughness to adhesion are now well established, the subject of adhesion and adhesives for use in polymer implants can be treated with much more simplicity and confidence than had been possible in the past. The close relation of friction between solids and their adhesion is explained and then illustrated through a discussion of the effects of coatings and of addition agents on the frictional behavior of plastics.
Exercise testing and interpretation a practical approach (2001)

This 2001 book provides a practical and systematic approach to the acquisition, interpretation, and reporting of physiologic responses to exercise. Pulmonologists, cardiologists, and sports physicians, as well as respiratory therapists and other allied health professionals will find this book an indispensable resource when learning to select proper instruments, identify the most appropriate test protocols, and integrate and interpret physiologic response variables. The final chapter presents clinical cases to illuminate useful strategies for exercise testing and interpretation. Useful appendices offer laboratory forms, algorithms and calculations, as well as answers to FAQs. A glossary of terms, symbols, and definitions is also included. Exercise Testing and Interpretation: A Practical Approach offers clearly defined responses (both normal and abnormal) to over thirty performance variables including aerobic, cardiovascular, ventilatory, and gas-exchange variables. Practical, portable, and easy-to-read, this essential guidebook can be used as a complement to more detailed books on the topic, or stand on its own
The Tau Tubulin Kinases TTBK1/2 Promote Accumulation of Pathological TDP-43 (2014)

Pathological aggregates of phosphorylated TDP-43 characterize amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD-TDP), two devastating groups of neurodegenerative disease. Kinase hyperactivity may be a consistent feature of ALS and FTLD-TDP, as phosphorylated TDP-43 is not observed in the absence of neurodegeneration. By examining changes in TDP-43 phosphorylation state, we have identified kinases controlling TDP-43 phosphorylation in a C. elegans model of ALS. In this kinome-wide survey, we identified homologs of the tau tubulin kinases 1 and 2 (TTBK1 and TTBK2), which were also identified in a prior screen for kinase modifiers of TDP-43 behavioral phenotypes. Using refined methodology, we demonstrate TTBK1 and TTBK2 directly phosphorylate TDP-43 in vitro and promote TDP-43 phosphorylation in mammalian cultured cells. TTBK1/2 overexpression drives phosphorylation and relocalization of TDP-43 from the nucleus to cytoplasmic inclusions reminiscent of neuropathologic changes in disease states. Furthermore, protein levels of TTBK1 and TTBK2 are increased in frontal cortex of FTLD-TDP patients, and TTBK1 and TTBK2 co-localize with TDP-43 inclusions in ALS spinal cord. These kinases may represent attractive targets for therapeutic intervention for TDP-43 proteinopathies such as ALS and FTLD-TDP.
GESTION DES INCIDENTS ROUTIERS [INCIDENT MANAGEMENT] (1996)

This form on Incident Management has as its objective to test the efficiency of incident management practices based on new technologies and to assess the various stakes resulting from their implementation over Europe. The document presents the different elements exposed during this national forum: stakes and statement on the actual practices, potential of new technologies. IN FRENCH WITH SUMMARY IN ENGLISH
Infection with <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> Is Inversely Associated with Childhood Asthma (2012)

Early-life exposures to microbes, coupled with genetically determined susceptibility, have an impact on the natural history of childhood asthma. We hypothesized that childhood infection with Mycobacteria tuberculosis, a bacterium that has infected Homo sapiens for close to millennia, may be relevant to the risk of asthma development. The aim of this study was to evaluate any associations between tuberculosis infection with asthma and allergies using the cross-sectional and the U.S. nationally representative 1999–2000 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for having a history of asthma, allergic rhinitis, or atopic allergic symptoms were compared to evidence of tuberculosis infection as determined by the presence of tuberculin skin test results of 10 mm or greater. Children <20 years of age infected with tuberculosis were significantly less likely to have a history of asthma [OR 0.2; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.0–0.9] or symptoms of asthma over the prior year (OR 0.1; 95% CI: 0.0–0.5) than children not infected with tuberculosis. This finding was not confounded by bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccination. Tuberculosis infection is associated with a substantially decreased risk of asthma in children. This finding is consistent with the hygiene hypothesis, which suggests that microbes that co-evolved with humans may influence developing immune systems in ways that have a protective effect against the development of asthma.
Effects of unsaturated fatty acids on the kinetics of voltage‐gated proton channels heterologously expressed in cultured cells (2015)

Arachidonic acid (AA) greatly enhances the activity of the voltage-gated proton (Hv) channel, although its mechanism of action and physiological function remain unclear. In the present study, we analysed the effects of AA on proton currents through Hv channels heterologously expressed in HEK293T cells. The dramatic increase in proton current amplitude elicited by AA was accompanied by accelerated activation kinetics and a leftward shift in the voltage-dependence of activation. Mutagenesis studies suggest the two aforementioned effects of AA reflect two distinct structural mechanisms. Application of phospholipase A2 , which liberates AA from phospholipids in the membrane, also enhances Hv channel activity, supporting the idea that AA modulates Hv channel activity within physiological contexts. Unsaturated fatty acids are key components of the biological membranes of all cells, and precursors of mediators for cell signalling. Arachidonic acid (AA) is an unsaturated fatty acid known to modulate the activities of various ion channels, including the voltage-gated proton (Hv) channel, which supports the rapid production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in phagocytes through regulation of pH and membrane potential. However, the molecular mechanisms and physiological functions of the effects of AA on Hv channels remain unclear. In the present study, we report an electrophysiological analysis of the effects of AA on the mouse Hv channel (mHv1) heterologously expressed in HEK293T cells. Application of AA to excised inside-out patch membranes rapidly induced a robust increase in the amplitude of the proton current through mHv1. The current increase was accompanied by accelerated activation kinetics and a small leftward shift of the current-voltage relationship. In monomeric channels lacking the coiled-coil region of the channel protein, the shift in the current-voltage relationship was diminished but activation and deactivation remained accelerated. Studies with several AA derivatives showed that double bonds and hydrophilic head groups are essential for the effect of AA, although charge was not important. The application of phospholipase A2 (PLA2), which generates AA from cell membrane phospholipids, stimulated mHv1 activity to a similar extent as direct application of ∼ 20 μM AA, suggesting that endogenous AA may regulate Hv channel activity.
Is Learning in Low Immersive Environments Carried over to High Immersive Environments? (2012)

One of the more debated issues regarding training simulators is their validity for transfer of skills to sensory environments that differ from the simulator. In two experiments, the advantages of three-dimensional (3D) and collocated (Col) visual displays were evaluated in a realistic and complex visuomotor task. The two factors were evaluated independently, comparing Col-2D with dislocated-2D (experiment 1) and with Col-3D (experiment 2). As expected, in both cases the more immersive presentation condition facilitated better performance. Furthermore, improvement following training in the more immersive condition carried over to the following less immersive condition but there was no carry over in the opposing order of presentation. This is taken as an indication for the differential development of skills conditioned by the level of immersiveness of the training environment. This further suggests that learning of complex realistic tasks is not carried over from less immersive simulator to the complex sensory environment of reality, due to the large gap in sensory patterns.
Automatic tracking dual-beam method for vector Doppler applications (2008)

2-D angle independent blood velocity estimates are typically achieved by combining the Doppler frequency measurements obtained from two US beams with known interbeam angle. A recently introduced dual-beam vector Doppler method employs one (reference) beam to identify the flow direction, and the other to measure the velocity magnitude. The flow direction is found when the reference beam is set at 90deg to the flow, i.e. the corresponding Doppler spectrum is symmetrical around zero frequency. In this paper, we present an approach to automatically track the desired transverse angle. The new method has been implemented in the ULtrasound Advanced Open Platform (ULA-OP), which is connected to a linear array transducer. It is shown that, whichever is the initial beam-flow angle, the extraction of suitable parameters from the Doppler spectrum allows automatically pushing the steering towards the desired transverse orientation. The operator thus takes care only of locating the Doppler sample volume in a suitable position, as in standard duplex measurements, and the local velocity magnitude is automatically estimated. In vitro experiments conducted in both steady and pulsatile flow conditions are reported, showing that the velocity magnitude is accurately measured whichever the initial Doppler angle is over a large range. Successful preliminary application of the angle tracking procedure on the common carotid arteries of 11 volunteers is also discussed.
Genetic associations for gilt growth, compositional, and structural soundness traits with sow longevity and lifetime reproductive performance1 (2013)

The objective of this study was to estimate genetic associations for gilt growth, compositional, and structural soundness with sow longevity and lifetime reproduction. Performance and pedigree information from 1,447 commercial females from 2 genetic lines were included in the data analyzed. Growth was expressed as days to 113.5 kg BW (DAYS) and compositional traits included loin muscle area (LMA), 10th rib backfat (BF10), and last rib backfat (LRF). Structural soundness traits included body structure traits [length (BL), depth (BD), width (BWD), rib shape (BRS), top line (BTL), and hip structure (BHS)], leg structure traits [front legs: legs turned (FLT), buck knees (FBK), pastern posture (FPP), foot size (FFS), and uneven toes (FUT); rear legs: legs turned (RLT), leg posture (RLP), pastern posture (RPP), foot size (RFS), and uneven toes (RUT)], and overall leg action (OLA). Lifetime (LT) and removal parity (RP) were considered as longevity traits whereas lifetime reproductive traits included lifetime total number born (LNB), lifetime number born alive (LBA), number born alive per lifetime day (LBA/LT), and percentage productive days from total herd days (PD%). Genetic parameters were estimated with linear animal models using the average information REML algorithm. Second, to account for censored longevity and lifetime reproduction records, genetic parameters were estimated using Markov Chain Monte Carlo and Gibbs sampling methods. Similar estimates were obtained across the analysis methods. Heritability estimates for growth and compositional traits ranged from 0.50 to 0.70 and for structural soundness traits from 0.07 to 0.31. Longevity and lifetime reproductive trait heritability estimates ranged from 0.14 to 0.17 when REML was used. Unfavorable genetic correlations were obtained for DAYS with LT, RP, LNB, LBA, and PD% and for LRF with PD%. However, LMA was favorably associated with LT, RP, and LNB. Moderate to high correlations were obtained for BL and BRS with all longevity and lifetime reproductive traits. Correlations of BWD with LT and RP were moderate. Associations for leg soundness traits with longevity and lifetime reproductive traits were mainly low and nonsignificant (P ≥ 0.10). However, RLP was moderately correlated with LBA/LT and PD%. Current results indicate that selection for fewer DAYS has an antagonistic effect on lifetime performance. Furthermore, great BL, flat BRS, narrow BWD, and upright RLP seem detrimental to sow longevity and lifetime reproduction.
Nucleation and anisotropic growth model for isothermal kaolinite dehydroxylation under controlled water vapour pressure (2002)

A new kinetic model of kaolinite dehydroxylation is proposed in order to take into account data obtained by gravimetry at 450 °C under controlled water vapour pressure ranging from 2.5 to 10 mbar. This model involves a process of random nucleation and anisotropic growth of nuclei. Under the above experimental conditions, the growth of nuclei on the surface of the particles is rapid, whereas the growth towards the inside of the particles is limited by two-dimensional diffusion. This model allowed us to evaluate the ‘areic frequency of nucleation’ and the ‘areic reactivity of growth’ for our experiments. The variation of the latter quantity with the water vapour pressure was also obtained by a method based upon a sudden pressure change during isothermal experiments. It is this variation which allows us to conclude that the growth of nuclei into the particle is limited, under our experimental conditions, by the diffusion of hydroxyl groups from the internal interface to the external one.
Präzisionsschleifen mit groben Diamantkörnern*/Precision grinding with coarse diamond grains - Application characteristics of coarse-grained diamond grinding wheels (2016)

Der Fachbeitrag beschreibt die Weiterentwicklung von galvanisch einschichtig belegten grobkörnigen Diamantschleifscheiben – auch Engineered Grinding Wheels genannt. Verschiedene sprödharte Werkstoffe wurden anhand von Quer-Umfangs-Planschleifversuchen mit angestellter Probenoberfläche bearbeitet. Anhand der Oberflächenqualität und der Bauteilrandzone wurde anschließend der Einfluss einer variierten Zustellung sowie der Prozesskinematik auf einen duktilen Schleifprozess untersucht. &nbsp; This study describes the application of coarse-grained diamond grinding wheels with electroplated abrasive single-layers (engineered grinding wheels) for ductile mode grinding of different brittle materials. Grinding experiments were performed in cross grinding kinematics while the workpiece is tilted in order to achieve different depths of cut over the workpiece’s surface. Influence of kinematics and depth of cut are investigated by measuring surface roughness and subsurface damage.