gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sensation Scaling and Adaptation Measurement Under Vibratory Pin Stimulation for Tactile Virtual Reality (2007)

This paper describes the characteristics of tactile sensation scale and adaptation recovery process measured under vibratory-pin stimulation for tactile virtual reality. Sensation scaling was performed with a dual mode stimulator which controlled both length amplitude and force amplitude of its contact pin that simulated a display pin of a tactile texture display the authors developed. The results of scaling experiment indicated that the force control produced higher absolute threshold and finer difference thresholds at large mean contact force region than the length control, which suggested appropriate mean contact force was necessary for delivery of vibration to mechanoreceptors (PCs) in the lower layer of the skin. The absolute threshold and the number of sensation levels of 50 Hz stimulus were inferior to those of 150-350 Hz despite its frequency range of Meissner Corpuscle densely resident in the skin. The higher frequencies were effective for their diversity in sensation and high intensity discrimination. The adaptation experiment reveled that small increase in absolute threshold was observed at 50 and 150 Hz where recovery from adaptation was fast so that they are relatively tolerant to extended use. Subjective numbness was lower at 150 and 250 Hz. Two frequency bands (about 50 and 250 Hz) correspond to two classes of mechanoreceptors which have independent sensitivity to adaptation. These characteristics obtained in the present research provide a good basis for the design of vibratory tactile display.
Trial Design and Reporting Standards for Intra-Arterial Cerebral Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Stroke (2003)

In summary, this article serves to provide a more uniform set of criteria for clinical trials and reporting outcomes used in designing stroke trials involving intra-arterial thrombolytic agents, either alone or in combination with other therapies. It is anticipated that by having a more uniform set of reporting standards, more meaningful analysis of the data and the literature will be able to be achieved.
Two-photon absorption of color centers in NaF (1979)

Two-photon absorption cross sections of the ${N}_{1}$ and ${{F}_{3}}^{+}$ centers in NaF have been determined by means of the luminescence excited by the two-photon absorption. The measured polarization dependence of the process led us to attribute the excitation to the ${A}_{g}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{A}_{g}$ transition in the ${N}_{1}$ center and to the $A\ensuremath{\rightarrow}E$ transition in the ${{F}_{3}}^{+}$ center.
Double-bond migration in 1-methyl-4-(carbethoxymethylene)phosphorinane (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDouble-bond migration in 1-methyl-4-(carbethoxymethylene)phosphorinaneLouis D. Quin, John W. Russell Jr., Rene D. Prince, and Howard E. Shook Jr.Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1971, 36, 11, 1495–1499Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00810a013https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00810a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views119Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Force, Shortening, and Work in Muscular Contraction: Relative Contributions to Overall Energy Utilization (1967)

The amounts of energy used during muscular contraction under different loads have been compared by measurement of the total amount of disturbance of the concentration of reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide during the period of oxidative recovery. The results are in quantitative agreement with the concept that three parameters determine the energy utilization: namely the time-integral of the force development, the time-integral of the shortening process, and the mechanical work.
Multi-wavelength spatial light shaping using generalized phase contrast (2008)

The generalized phase contrast method (GPC) is a versatile tool for efficiently rerouting photon energy into desired spatial distributions. We demonstrate that GPC-based patterned projection shows robustness to shift in wavelength and can maintain the projection length scale and high efficiency over a range [0.75lambda(0);1.5lambda(0)] with lambda(0) as the characteristic design wavelength. The GPC has the capacity to combine multiple wavelengths along the same optical path and to efficiently redirect them into desired distributions such as for array illumination, beam shaping, or grayscale image projection. This opens the possibility for creatively incorporating various multi-wavelength approaches into patterned illumination that can enable new broad-band optical applications.
Atomic Oxygen Interactions With Silicone Contamination on Spacecraft in Low Earth Orbit Studied (2001)

Silicones have been widely used on spacecraft as potting compounds, adhesives, seals, gaskets, hydrophobic surfaces, and atomic oxygen protective coatings. Contamination of optical and thermal control surfaces on spacecraft in low Earth orbit (LEO) has been an ever-present problem as a result of the interaction of atomic oxygen with volatile species from silicones and hydrocarbons onboard spacecraft. These interactions can deposit a contaminant that is a risk to spacecraft performance because it can form an optically absorbing film on the surfaces of Sun sensors, star trackers, or optical components or can increase the solar absorptance of thermal control surfaces. The transmittance, absorptance, and reflectance of such contaminant films seem to vary widely from very transparent SiOx films to much more absorbing SiOx-based films that contain hydrocarbons. At the NASA Glenn Research Center, silicone contamination that was oxidized by atomic oxygen has been examined from LEO spacecraft (including the Long Duration Exposure Facility and the Mir space station solar arrays) and from ground laboratory LEO simulations. The findings resulted in the development of predictive models that may help explain the underlying issues and effects. Atomic oxygen interactions with silicone volatiles and mixtures of silicone and hydrocarbon volatiles produce glassy SiOx-based contaminant coatings. The addition of hydrocarbon volatiles in the presence of silicone volatiles appears to cause much more absorbing (and consequently less transmitting) contaminant films than when no hydrocarbon volatiles are present. On the basis of the LDEF and Mir results, conditions of high atomic oxygen flux relative to low contaminant flux appear to result in more transparent contaminant films than do conditions of low atomic oxygen flux with high contaminant flux. Modeling predictions indicate that the deposition of contaminant films early in a LEO flight should depend much more on atomic oxygen flux than it does later in a mission.
Partitioning and Handling Massive Models for Interactive Collision Detection (1999)

We describe an approach for interactive collision detection and proximity computations on massive models composed of millions of geometric primitives. We address issues related to interactive data access and processing in a large geometric database, which may not fit into main memory of typical desktop workstations or computers. We present a new algorithm using overlap graphs for localizing the “regions of interest” within a massive model, thereby reducing runtime memory requirements. The overlap graph is computed off‐line, pre‐processed using graph partitioning algorithms, and modified on the fly as needed. At run time, we traverse localized sub‐graphs to check the corresponding geometry for proximity and pre‐fetch geometry and auxiliary data structures. To perform interactive proximity queries, we use bounding‐volume hierarchies and take advantage of spatial and temporal coherence. Based on the proposed algorithms, we have developed a system called IMMPACT and used it for interaction with a CAD model of a power plant consisting of over 15 million triangles. We are able to perform a number of proximity queries in real‐time on such a model. In terms of model complexity and application to large models, we have improved the performance of interactive collision detection and proximity computation algorithms by an order of magnitude.
Implant Prosthodontics A Patient-Oriented Strategy (2017)

Specialized literature abounds in books about surgical aspects of oral implantology, but there is no comprehensive and systematized textbook on the implant-supported prosthodontic rehabilitation of the patient. This book entitled Implant Prosthodontics -A Patient-Oriented Strategy under the editorship of Professor Stefan Wolfart fills this gap in the literature giving a comprehensive, explanatory, and abundantly illustrated book including five parts and twenty-seven chapters. The first part presents the Basic Principles of implant prosthodontics by analyzing patient profile, esthetic, dental prosthesis, emergencies, and implant-abutment profiles, timing of implant placement and loading protocols. Part two covers Treatment Concept and Treatment Planning starting from the medical and dental history, examination and diagnosis, establishing seven basic rules of implant prosthodontic planning for each individual clinical situation. Part three, Clinical Procedure, presents radiographic analysis, surgical guide, surgical procedures, provisional restorations, impression-taking technique, the maxillomandibular relationship record, fixed and removable restoration, occlusion concept, intraoral optical impression, prosthetic complications, and aftercare and recall. Part four, which deals with Restorations Concepts, analyzes one by one the single tooth gap within the esthetic zone, the multi-tooth gap or the free-end situation, severely reduced dentition and the edentulous arch. The final part is dedicated to Laboratory Procedures, fixed and removable prostheses on implants. The book ends with an Appendix of materials, instruments, equipment, and software. Implant Prosthodontics -A Patient-Oriented Strategy is a fundamental guide for both implantologists and prosthodontists, but also for general dentists and dental technicians in which they will find a complete and systematic presentation on the implant-supported prosthodontic rehabilitation of the patient illustrated with over 2,000 figures and many flowcharts.
Lead Paint Exposure in Migrant Labor Camps (1972)

During the summer of 1970, 117 migrant farm labor camps were studied for lead paint hazard. Of these, 115 had lead-based paint on their structures. The average dwelling had 50% of its surfaces painted with lead-based paints. The average dwelling had 40% of its paint in a peeling or chipping state. We conclude that all children living in such housing should be recognized as having been subjected to lead exposure. Because of this, lead poisoning should be more thoroughly looked for in rural settings.
Electrical behavior of a self-sensing actuator made of electroactive polymers (2019)

Conducting interpenetrating polymer networks (C-IPN) are suitable to sense and actuate with the same material, having great potential for applications in soft sensors and soft actuators at macro- or microscale. In this paper, an integrated cantilever consisting of two C-IPN demonstrates the performance of a self-sensing actuator. The sensing output of the structure is analyzed to predict its actuation. Moreover, a compensation method is proposed to balance the current leakage for quasi-static measurement.
Update of a GITIL Cohort Study: Frontline High Dose Sequential Chemotherapy with Rituximab and Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation Induces a High Rate of Long-Term Remissions in Patients with Mantle Cell Lymphoma (2007)

Abstract We updated a cohort study with the aim of evaluating if an up-front Rituximab supplemented high-dose sequential chemotherapy (R-HDS), supported by autologous bone marrow transplantation (ASCT) can induce log-term remissions in Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL), with an acceptable toxic profile. From 1997 to 2005, 77 consecutive MCL patients, <61 year old, considered suitable for ASCT in 11 Italian cancer centres were enrolled in this study (Group 1). Their clinical outcome was compared with that of 79 age-matched historic controls treated between 1978 and 1999 with standard-dose anthracyclin or fludarabine containing regimens (group 2). The majority of both groups had an advanced stage, bone marrow infiltration and >1 IPI risk factors, while >1 extranodal sites prevailed in Group 1 and a poor ECOG-PS in Group 2. After 2–3 cycles of either doxorubicin- or cisplatin-containing chemotherapy, Group 1 received R-HDS including: HD-cyclophosphamide (CTX) 7 gr/sqm and HD-Ara-C (2 g/sqm every 12 hours for 6 days), followed by HDS HD-melphalan (180 mg/sqm) and/or HD-mitoxantrone plus melphalan (60 and 180 mg/sqm) and ASCT. Rituximab (375 mg /sqm) was given for a total of 6 doses, twice after HD-CTX and HD-Ara-C, as in vivo purging before CD34+ cells harvest and twice after ASCT. Sixty-nine patients (90%) in Group 1 completed the planned program and a median number of 6.3 x 10^6 cells CD34+/kg were transplanted. In Group 2, 85% of patients received the planned chemotherapy. The CR rate was 86% in Group 1 and 35% in Group 2 and the treatment-related mortality was 1.3% and 0.8%, respectively. Moreover, in Group 1, 4 patient developed sMDS, and 4 died of solid tumors (n=3), or septic shock (n=1). After a median follow-up of 50 months (range 3–111) in Group 1 and 37 months (range 1–141) in Group 2, the rate of 1st CCR was 65% and 14%, respectively. The 5-year projected OS, EFS and DFS were 74%, 61% and 70%, in Group 1 and 31%, 14% and 25%, in Group 2, respectively. Cox multivariate analysis failed to identify within potential prognostic markers factors predictive for OS and EFS. In conclusion, R-HDS induces long-term remissions with a manageable toxicity in patients with newly diagnosed MCL. Studies comparing this program with other intensive regimens are needed for ascertaining the role of R-HDS in the treatment of this otherwise incurable disease.
Ventricular relaxation in myocardial ischemia: a computer model-based analysis (2002)

A computer model-based approach is presented to characterize hemodynamic consequences of myocardial ischemia in terms of depressed ventricular elastance and delayed and reduced ischemic regional cardiac muscle shortening, as well as relaxation time constants. The model is shown to be versatile in quantifying the severity of myocardial ischemia.
The effects of elastic relaxation on transmission electron microscopy studies of thinned composition-modulated materials (1986)

Composition modulations in defect-free crystalline materials are generally accompanied by a lattice distortion where unit cell dimensions are not characteristic of the local composition. The distortion originates from the constraint that the interatomic spacings perpendicular to the modulation direction be commensurate from one layer to the next. Thus there is an internal stress field set up in the material which attempts to suppress unit cell expansions and contractions in these perpendicular directions. A well-known example is the tetragonal distortion observed in bulk, cubic strained layer superlattices, and spinodally decomposed alloys. However, it is frequently overlooked that these stresses can be significantly relaxed near surfaces of the bulk material, particularly those surfaces lying perpendicular to the modulation direction. This relaxation can be a dominating effect in materials which have been thinned in cross section for study by TEM. Lattice plane bending near the specimen surfaces can cause strong diffraction contrasts, and the local lattice spacings are representative of neither the bulk, tetragonally distorted material, nor the unstressed material. In this paper we discuss how this important, and oft-neglected relaxation affects TEM bright-field and dark-field image contrasts, high resolution lattice images, and interpretation of selected area diffraction data. We also derive expressions, relevant for all sample thicknesses, describing the relaxation strain field in cubic anisotropic materials, thinned perpendicularly to the modulation direction. The results are discussed in the context of two classes of modulated materials, namely spinodally-decomposed InGaAsP alloys and GeSi/Si strained layer superlattices.
A computational study of CH<sub>4</sub> storage in porous framework materials with metalated linkers: connecting the atomistic character of CH<sub>4</sub> binding sites to usable capacity (2016)

To store natural gas (NG) inexpensively at adequate densities for use as a fuel in the transportation sector, new porous materials are being developed. This work uses computational methods to explore strategies for improving the usable methane storage capacity of adsorbents, including metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), that feature open-metal sites incorporated into their structure by postsynthetic modification. The adsorption of CH<sub>4</sub> on several open-metal sites is studied by calculating geometries and adsorption energies and analyzing the relevant interaction factors. Approximate site-specific adsorption isotherms are obtained, and the open-metal site contribution to the overall CH<sub>4</sub> usable capacity is evaluated. It is found that sufficient ionic character is required, as exemplified by the strong CH<sub>4</sub> affinities of 2,2'-bipyridine-CaCl<sub>2</sub> and Mg, Ca-catecholate. In addition, it is found that the capacity of a single metal site depends not only on its affinity but also on its geometry, where trigonal or "bent" low-coordinate exposed sites can accommodate three or four methane molecules, as exemplified by Ca-decorated nitrilotriacetic acid. The effect of residual solvent molecules at the open-metal site is also explored, with some positive conclusions. Not only can residual solvent stabilize the open-metal site, surprisingly, solvent molecules do not necessarily reduce CH<sub>4</sub> affinity, but can contribute to increased usable capacity by modifying adsorption interactions.
Oxygen Half-Saturation Constants for Pharmaceuticals in Activated Sludge and Microbial Community Activity under Varied Oxygen Levels (2019)

Aeration accounts for the largest energy demand in conventional activated sludge wastewater treatment. Emerging aeration control strategies for energy conservation have significantly reduced operational bulk liquid dissolved oxygen (DO) from above 2 mg/L to at or below 0.5 mg/L. As we move toward low DO treatment processes, there is a need to understand how low DO impacts the kinetics of micropollutant biotransformation. The objective of this study was to characterize the impact of DO concentration on pharmaceutical biotransformation rates via two approaches: (1) Determine oxygen half saturation constants that describe the community-wide impact of DO on biotransformation rates. (2) Evaluate shifts in the microbial community 16S rRNA pool due to DO concentration. Batch experiments were performed at several DO concentrations using biomass from a full-scale wastewater treatment plant. Results reveal that substantial reductions in bulk liquid DO concentrations to 0.5 mg-O<sub>2</sub>/L are possible without compromising pharmaceutical biotransformation rates. Sequencing of cDNA generated from community rRNA revealed that diverse, low abundance community members may play important roles in pharmaceutical transformation. The results of this work advance our ability to predict and model the impact of DO on pharmaceutical biotransformations during wastewater treatment and identify taxonomic groups associated with those biotransformations.
cDNA sequence of a human skeletal muscle ADP/ATP translocator: lack of a leader peptide, divergence from a fibroblast translocator cDNA, and coevolution with mitochondrial DNA genes. (1987)

We have characterized a 1400-nucleotide cDNA for the human skeletal muscle ADP/ATP translocator. The deduced amino acid sequence is 94% homologous to the beef heart ADP/ATP translocator protein and contains only a single additional amino-terminal methionine. This implies that the human translocator lacks an amino-terminal targeting peptide, a conclusion substantiated by measuring the molecular weight of the protein synthesized in vitro. A 1400-nucleotide transcript encoding the skeletal muscle translocator was detected on blots of total RNA from human heart, kidney, skeletal muscle, and HeLa cells by hybridization with oligonucleotide probes homologous to the coding region and 3' noncoding region of the cDNA. However, the level of this mRNA varied substantially among tissues. Comparison of our skeletal muscle translocator sequence with that of a recently published human fibroblast translocator cognate revealed that the two proteins are 88% identical and diverged about 275 million years ago. Hence, tissues vary both in the level of expression of individual translocator genes and in differential expression of cognate translocator genes. Comparison of the base substitution rates of the ADP/ATP translocator and the oxidative phosphorylation genes encoded by mitochondrial DNA revealed that the mitochondrial DNA genes fix 10 times more synonymous substitutions and 12 times more replacement substitutions; yet, these nuclear and cytoplasmic respiration genes experience comparable evolutionary constraints. This suggests that the mitochondrial DNA genes are highly prone to deleterious mutations.
Effects of a Tocolytic Oxytocin Analogue on Lipid and Carbohydrate Metabolism (1990)

The effect of a newly developed tocolytic oxytocin analogue, 1-deamino-2-D-Tyr(OEt)-4-Thr-8-Orn-oxytocin on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism was investigated. Oxytocin and vasopressin both stimulated lipogenesis in isolated rat adipocytes, an effect which was dose-dependently inhibited by the oxytocin analogue. In vivo, intravenous injection of 10 nmol/kg body weight of the analogue to 11 healthy subjects caused an initial, but insignificant peak after 4 min in both plasma glucose and glycerol, which thereafter remained at basal level. It is concluded that although an antagonistic effect of the analogue on vasopressin- and oxytocin-stimulated lipogenesis could be demonstrated in vitro, the effect on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in vivo in humans is insignificant.