gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Temperature-dependent decay dynamics in highly mismatched ZnSe1−<i>x</i>Te<i>x</i> alloy (2012)

This study investigates the temperature-dependent decay dynamics in highly mismatched ZnSe0.950Te0.050 alloy using photoluminescence (PL) and time-resolved PL spectroscopy. The PL peak energy exhibits a V-shaped dependence on temperature (10–300 K), indicating strong carrier localization. Kohlrausch’s stretched exponential law, in which the deduced stretching exponent β is highly consistent with the V-shaped PL peak shift, closely corresponds to the complex decay curves over a wide temperature range. Additionally, the PL lifetime τ initially increases and then monotonically declines as the temperature increases. These findings agree excellently with the low electron-hole binding energy upon thermal ionization of weakly bound electrons.
Anionic Grafting onto Divinylbenzene-Cross-Linked Polystyrene (2005)

Anionic grafting onto divinylbenzene (DVB)-cross-linked polystyrene is described. Using commercially available chloromethylated DVB-cross-linked polystyrene, a lithiated diarylmethyl derivative was prepared by a substitution of the chloromethyl chloride group by phenyllithium, which was followed by an in situ deprotonation by excess phenyllithium. Protonation of this resin led to a neutral phenylmethyl derivative of the original polystyrene that could be deprotonated by n-butyllithium, sec-butyllithium, phenyllithium, or sodium naphthalenide to form an anionic resin that in turn reacts readily with monomers like tert-butyl acrylate or 4-vinylpyridine to form anionically grafted products. Quantitative conversion of the tert-butyl acrylate grafts into poly(acrylic acid) grafts via acidolysis and the application of these poly(acrylic acid) grafts as a precursor for a Pd(0) hydrogenation catalyst is also described.
PPARδ regulates multiple proinflammatory pathways to suppress atherosclerosis (2008)

Lipid homeostasis and inflammation are key determinants in atherogenesis, exemplified by the requirement of lipid-laden, foam cell macrophages for atherosclerotic lesion formation. Although the nuclear receptor PPARδ has been implicated in both systemic lipid metabolism and macrophage inflammation, its role as a therapeutic target in vascular disease is unclear. We show here that orally active PPARδ agonists significantly reduce atherosclerosis in apoE −/− mice. Metabolic and gene expression studies reveal that PPARδ attenuates lesion progression through its HDL-raising effect and anti-inflammatory activity within the vessel wall, where it suppresses chemoattractant signaling by down-regulation of chemokines. Activation of PPARδ also induces the expression of regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) genes, which are implicated in blocking the signal transduction of chemokine receptors. Consistent with this, PPARδ ligands repress monocyte transmigration and macrophage inflammatory responses elicited by atherogenic cytokines. These results reveal that PPARδ antagonizes multiple proinflammatory pathways and suggest PPARδ-selective drugs as candidate therapeutics for atherosclerosis.
X-ray microtomography on beamline X at SSRL (1989)

This article describes a high-resolution three-dimensional CT system which has been tested on the new wiggler beamline X-2 at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory. The present system is a rotate-only design which uses a virtual phase CCD array camera optically coupled to a high-resolution phosphor screen. The spatial resolution of this system is presently somewhat better than 10 μm (50 line pairs/mm at 20% contrast). This resolution is limited by the optical elements in the detector, and we are undertaking an effort to improve this resolution to 1 μm. Nevertheless, the spatial resolution offered by this design is sufficient to begin many studies of interest to materials research, such as, supported catalysts, composite materials, and crack growth and propagation.
Effects of Insulin and Glucose on Pulmonary Insulin Receptors in Late Gestation Fetal Rats (1992)

The effects of high glucose and insulin concentrations on fetal lung insulin receptors and tyrosine kinase activity were studied in an in vitro system utilizing 19- or 20-d fetal rat lung explants. Exposure of the explants to 100 mM glucose and insulin (0.1 unit/mL) for 72 h resulted in a significant decrease in specific binding of insulin to partially purified receptors [5.78% +/- 0.66 (SEM) vs. 9.64% +/- 1.68; P less than .01] when compared with lung explants exposed to 10 mM glucose alone. When individual effects of high insulin and glucose were studied, down-regulation of specific insulin binding was also observed, but to a lesser extent than that observed using both high glucose and insulin. Differences in insulin receptor affinity were not noted. Insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity was also significantly decreased (52% of control values) under high-glucose/high-insulin conditions. Total phosphatidylcholine and disaturated phosphatidylcholine concentrations were significantly decreased in explants grown under high-glucose/high-insulin conditions, consistent with delayed pulmonary maturation. High glucose and insulin levels thus result in down-regulation of fetal lung insulin receptors and insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity late in gestation. These results may have implications for substrate availability in the developing fetal lung.
Investigation of a Critical Irradiance Criterion for Minimizing the Cure Time of a PAW Joint (2010)

Photo-activated Adhesive Workholding (PAW) technology is used to hold workpieces for manufacturing processes. This paper proposes a critical irradiance criterion that can be used to determine whether a curing light system is capable of curing a PAW adhesive joint at its maximum rate. It describes a series of experiments that were conducted to investigate the plausibility of this criterion for adhesive joints comprised of a commercially available adhesive mixed with various concentrations of carbon black and at varying thicknesses. Lastly, it provides experimental evidence that indicates that the addition of small concentrations of carbon black to a modified acrylic adhesive does not change its asymptotic, maximum strength. Furthermore, adhesive joints that are exposed to radiation that satisfies the critical irradiance criterion cure at a maximum rate.
Cyclophosphazenes with P—C Bond(s). Part 1. Syntheses and Reactivity (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Enhanced Collective Electron Transport by CdSe Quantum Dots Confined in the Poly(4‐vinylpyridine) Nanodomains of a Poly(styrene‐<i>b</i>‐4‐vinylpyridine) Diblock Copolymer Thin Film (2006)

Der selektive Einbau von CdSe-Quantenpunkten (QDs) in die Poly(4-vinylpyridin)-Nanodomänen eines Films aus einem Poly(styrol-b-4-vinylpyridin)-Diblockcopolymer (siehe Struktur) führt zu höheren Leitfähigkeiten und einem schnelleren Elektronentunneln als bei einer statistischen Verteilung der gleichen QDs in einem Poly(4-vinylpyridin)-Homopolymer.
A Second-Harmonic Generation Study Applied to Sulfur Passivation and Photochemical Washing of GaAs Surfaces (1992)

Second-harmonic generation (SHG) method was applied to a real-time study of the passivation process using Na 2 S and photochemical washing of GaAs (100) surfaces. In these processes a remarkable similarity between the intensity changes of SHG and photoluminescence (PL) which was observed simultaneously, was observed. Possible causes of the SHG enhancement, electron-hole pair formation, interband transition, and still controversial model of Fermi level pinning, were examined.
A Sample-Sparing Multiplexed ADCP Assay (2019)

Antibodies serve as the primary correlate of protection following most clinically approved vaccines and are thought to confer protection in part through their ability to block (neutralize) infection. Increasingly, studies have shown that beyond their blocking activities, the ability of antibodies to leverage the innate immune response may serve a vital role in protection from infection. Specifically, antibodies can drive phagocytosis, complement activation, and cellular cytotoxicity by interacting with Fc-receptors found on all innate immune cells. Measuring the capacity of antibodies to induce these functions has become critical for the identification of correlates of protection in large-scale vaccine trials. Therefore, there is a growing need to develop robust, high throughput assays able to interrogate the functional capacity of innate immune recruiting antibodies. However, in many instances, only small sample volumes are available. Nevertheless, profiling antibody functions across many pathogen-associated antigens or across global intra-pathogen variants is in high demand, making sample sparing approaches to perform this antibody evaluation critical. Here we describe the development of an approach to interrogate the functional activity of antibodies in serum against up to 5 antigen targets simultaneously. A single bead-based cellular assay was adapted to accommodate 5 different fluorescently colored beads, allowing for the concurrent investigation of antibody responses directed against multiple antigens in a single well. The multiplexed assay was as sensitive, specific, and accurate as the single antigen assay and robustly able to assess functional differences mediated by antibodies across different samples. These findings show multiplexing allows for accurate and more efficient analysis of antibody-mediated effector profiles.
Reliability investigation in SiGe HBT's (2002)

This paper addresses some reliability properties of SiGe HBTs. We first verified that no major problems were related to the SiGe layer through DC life tests. In the second step, we investigated the hot carrier influence on the DC, noise and microwave properties of these devices. We found that some degradation was occurring at the extrinsic base region in the vicinity of the emitter associated with some surface recombination. These assumptions have been described by physical simulations and confirmed by low frequency noise characterization. Finally, it has been demonstrated that microwave properties are affected by the mechanism and we propose a bias method that results in its minimization.
A Temperature Modulated DSC Study of Glass Transition in Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (2013)

A dynamic heat capacity of poly(ethylene terephthalate) in the temperature range of glass transition has been examined by a new technique of temperature modulated differential scanning calorimetry. The shift of glass transition temperature caused by the desorption of water could be monitored by the change in the dynamic heat capacity. Under quasi-isothermal condition, the increase in the glass transition temperature causes the decrease in the magnitude of the dynamic heat capacity and a negative or positive change in the phase, depending on temperature.
An Inexpensive Bismuth-Petrolatum Dressing for Treatment of Burns (2016)

Xeroform is biocompatible, reduces infection, and enhances healing of burn wounds by preventing desiccation and mechanical trauma. Handmade petrolatum gauze may be a low-cost replacement for Xeroform. Future studies will focus on clinical trials in burn units.
Generation of Functional, Antigen-Specific CD8+ Human T Cells from Cord Blood Stem Cells Using Exogenous Notch and Tetramer-TCR Signaling (2013)

In vitro differentiation of mouse and human stem cells into early T cells has been successfully demonstrated using artificial Notch signaling systems. However, generation of mature, antigen-specific, functional T cells, directly from human stem cells has remained elusive, except when using stromal coculture of stem cells retrovirally transfected with antigen-specific T cell receptors (TCRs). Here we show that human umbilical cord blood (UCB)-derived CD34+CD38-/low hematopoietic stem cells can be successfully differentiated into functional, antigen-specific cytotoxic CD8+ T cells without direct stromal coculture or retroviral TCR transfection. Surface-immobilized Notch ligands (DLL1) and stromal cell conditioned medium successfully induced the development of CD1a+CD7+ and CD4+CD8+ early T cells. These cells, upon continued culture with cytomegalovirus (CMV) or influenza-A virus M1 (GIL) epitope-loaded human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*0201 tetramers, resulted in the generation of a polyclonal population of CMV-specific or GIL-specific CD8+ T cells, respectively. Upon further activation with antigen-loaded target cells, these antigen-specific, stem cell-derived T cells exhibited cytolytic functionality, specifically CD107a surface mobilization, interferon gamma (IFNg) production, and Granzyme B secretion. Such scalable, in vitro generation of functional, antigen-specific T cells from human stem cells could eventually provide a readily available cell source for adoptive transfer immunotherapies and also allow better understanding of human T cell development.
Sodium recovery with chloride removal from electrostatic precipitator catch at coastal and/or closed-cycle mills using bipolar membrane electrodialysis (1997)

A new approach for recovery of sodium with removal of chloride from the electrostatic precipitator (ESP) catch at coastal and/or closed-cycle mills is examined. A three-compartment bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BME) system, incorporating monovalent anion-selective membranes, is used to split the sodium chloride content of the ESP catch into caustic soda and hydrochloric acid. A pretreatment stage was required to produce a feed solution compatible with the operating constraints of the BME system. Application : examines the feasibility of bipolar membrane electrodialysis as a means of recovering sodium and removing chloride from the kraft recovery cycle.
The Role of Circadian Rhythms in Fatal Arrhythmias and the Potential Impact of Intervention for Sleep-Disordered Breathing (2015)

There exist circadian patterns in the occurrence of sudden cardiac death. The suprachiasmatic nuclei is the 'master clock' in mammalian bodies. Furthermore, several circadian genes have been successfully isolated in basic studies and a huge variety of key players form the human circadian rhythm. Obvious circadian patterns are present in the occurrence of critical events, but those characteristics differ greatly according to each disease. In this review we summarized the current understanding of the basic mechanism and association with specific cardiovascular diseases that demonstrate a circadian onset of fatal events. We also summarized the recent deep understanding of sleep-disordered breathing. The close relationship between sleep-disordered breathing and cardiovascular diseases may provide us with the possibility of a novel intervention against sudden cardiac death.
Arithmetic geometry of toric varieties. Metrics, measures and heights (2011)

We show that the height of a toric variety with respect to a toric metrized line bundle can be expressed as the integral over a polytope of a certain adelic family of concave functions. To state and prove this result, we study the Arakelov geometry of toric varieties. In particular, we consider models over a discrete valuation ring, metrized line bundles, and their associated measures and heights. We show that these notions can be translated in terms of convex analysis, and are closely related to objects like polyhedral complexes, concave functions, real Monge-Ampère measures, and Legendre-Fenchel duality. We also present a closed formula for the integral over a polytope of a function of one variable composed with a linear form. This allows us to compute the height of toric varieties with respect to some interesting metrics arising from polytopes. We also compute the height of toric projective curves with respect to the Fubini-Study metric, and of some toric bundles.
MIME - NLG in Pre-Hospital Care (2013)

The cross-disciplinary MIME project aims to develop a mobile medical monitoring system that improves handover transactions in rural pre-hospital scenarios between the first person on scene and ambulance clinicians. NLG is used to produce a textual handover report at any time, summarising data from novel medical sensors, as well as observations and actions recorded by the carer. We describe the MIME project with a focus on the NLG algorithm and an initial evaluation of the generated reports.
ChemInform Abstract: Removable Directing Groups in Organic Synthesis and Catalysis (2011)

Abstract Review: about 200 refs.
An advanced satellite communication system integrated into ISDN - DYANETII (2002)

An advanced satellite communication system integrated into an integrated services digital network (ISDN) called dynamic channel assigning and routing satellite aided digital networks II (DYANETII) is described. DYANETII connects ISDN subscribers and carries overflow trunk traffic by satellite. It enables satellite subscribers to receive the same ISDN services as terrestrial subscribers in terms of numbering and billing systems as well as user-network interfaces. The development of advanced network control technologies makes it possible to set up satellite channels on a call-by-call basis for efficient utilization of satellite channels and establish single-hop connections for any type of connection. Compact Earth station equipment has been developed for customer's premises use.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Design of portable axial flux permanent magnet machines for human power generation (2010)

The aim of this paper is to design and optimize portable axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) machines for human power generation. To achieve greater portability of a generator, we focus on minimizing active mass of the generator. The generator required is to deliver 60 W at different rated speeds. AFPM generators with concentrated windings and air-gap windings are chosen as a generator type. Expressions to decide basic dimensions and parameters of the generators are derived in the paper. Next, optimum design of those generators is done to find the dimensions and parameters minimizing active mass at different speeds and different efficiencies. Based on the results of the design, a generator with concentrated windings (723 g) is heavier than a generator with air-gap windings (TORUS machine, 375 g) at 4000 rpm and 90% efficiency. At 2000 rpm and 80 % efficiency, the generator with concentrated windings (367 g) is lighter than the generator with air-gap windings (419 g).
SYNTHESIS OF CERTAIN 6-(ARYLTHIO)URACILS AS POTENTIAL ANTIVIRAL AGENTS (2001)

Abstract A series of 6-(Arylthio)uracils have been prepared via condensation of 6-chlorouracil or 5-ethyl-6-chlorouracil with the corresponding thiophenol derivatives in pyridine or ethanolic potassium hydroxide. The synthesized compounds were tested for their antiviral activity. Some of the 5-ethyl-6-(arylthio)uracil derivatives 10a-g showed moderate activities against hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and HIV-1 virus.
Genetic diversity of oilseed <i>Brassica napus</i> inbred lines based on sequence‐related amplified polymorphism and its relation to hybrid performance (2001)

Abstract Significant heterosis for seed yield in oilseed rape has created interest in the development of hybrid cultivars. The DNA‐based marker protocol, sequence‐related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) was used to determine genetic diversity among oilseed rape maintainer and restorer lines. This measure was used in an attempt to establish an association between genetic distance and heterosis in hybrids for various agronomic traits. A total of 118 polymorphic loci were generated by 18 SRAP primer combinations. Based on the polymorphism generated by the markers, calculated similarity index values ranged from 0.46 to 0.97. Cluster analysis grouped 10 maintainer and 12 restorer lines into three groups, with the exception of two maintainer lines, PM5 and PM9, which fell outside these groups. The grouping of the lines was largely in agreement with the available pedigree data on their origin and agronomic performance. Analysis of variance among inbred lines and their resulting F 1 hybrids over two locations revealed significant differences for plant height, days to maturity and seed yield, but not for oil content. Substantial mid‐parent heterosis was observed only for seed yield, and ranged from 26% to 169%. All hybrids surpassed their respective inbred lines for this trait, except for a single cross combination of related lines. In general, crosses of lines located in different clusters yielded more than those from the same clusters. Regression analysis revealed a statistically significant relationship between the genetic distance of the parents and seed yield in their hybrid, and their derived mid‐parent and high‐parent heterosis. The correlation coefficient between genetic distance and yield (0.64) indicated a moderately strong relationship, so it is possible that some of the SRAP markers might be linked to quantitative trait loci for seed yield.
Charge State Control and Relaxation in an Atomically Doped Silicon Device (2007)

We demonstrate time-resolved control and detection of single-electron transfers in a silicon device implanted with exactly two phosphorus donors. Charge state relaxation at millikelvin temperature is shown to be dominated by phonon emission and background charge fluctuations for low energies, while higher-order processes take over at higher energies. Our results reveal relaxation times for single-donor charge states of several milliseconds, which have significant implications for single-atom nanoelectronics.
ChemInform Abstract: Insertion of Metalated Epoxides into Zirconacycles. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Establishing thresholds for metal ion levels in patients with bilateral Articular Surface Replacement hip arthroplasty (2018)

Metal ion levels are a more reliable tool in MoM HRA than THA when discriminating well- from poorly-functioning implants in bilateral patients. For patients treated with bilateral ASR HRA, ion levels above 4.0 ppb are highly specific for the detection of clinical problems.
OPTIMIZATION OF PYROLYSIS FURNACE OPERATION INCLUDING RUN-TIME CONSTRAINT (1980)

The objective of this study is to present a typical application of a mechanistic simulation model for hydrocarbon pyrolysis in the field of optimization of furnace operations.
Design Study of a 50-kA React-and-Wind Bi-2212 Cable for Fusion Magnet (2020)

In the last few years, the current density of Bi-2212 wires has been greatly improved by filament densify technologies. One further step toward applications in fusion magnets is to design a high current cable, which must overcome the drawbacks of Bi-2212 wires: brittleness and complex heat treatment process. In this article, react-and-wind flat cables are proposed. With react-and-wind technique, a larger number of choices of jacket and quench protection materials are available including stainless steel and copper, both of which are widely used for Nb3Sn and NbTi superconducting cables but are not directly usable for wind-and-react Bi-2212 cables due to their reaction during heat treatment. Two wires, representing, respectively, modest and top performance of the state-of-the-art wires, are considered. Several cable layouts are studied in terms of dimension, compaction rate, and transverse mechanical pressure. Materials for quench protection and jacket materials are also discussed.
Intraindividual comparison of myocardial perfusion imaging at 3.0T and 1.5T (2007)

Purpose: Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) gets increasing attention for the evaluation of the functional relevance of coronary artery stenoses. With shortcomings of MPI regarding SNR and contrast between normal and mal-perfused myocardium at 1.5T, the implementation of MPI at 3.0T seems desirable. Aim of our study was the intraindividual comparison of MPI at 1.5T and at 3.0T.