gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Degree of Biomineralization (2016)

Like most of the materials used by humans, polymeric materials are proposed in the literature and occasionally exploited clinically, as such, as devices or as part of devices, by surgeons, dentists, and pharmacists to treat traumata and diseases. Applications have in common the fact that polymers function in contact with animal and human cells, tissues, and/or organs. More recently, people have realized that polymers that are used as plastics in packaging, as colloidal suspension in paints, and under many other forms in the environment, are also in contact with living systems and raise problems related to sustainability, delivery of chemicals or pollutants, and elimination of wastes. These problems are basically comparable to those found in therapy. Last but not least, biotechnology and renewable resources are regarded as attractive sources of polymers. In all cases, water, ions, biopolymers, cells, and tissues are involved. Polymer scientists, therapists, biologists, and ecologists should thus use the same terminology to reflect similar properties, phenomena, and mechanisms. Of particular interest is the domain of the so-called “degradable or biodegradable polymers” that are aimed at providing materials with specific time-limited applications in medicine and in the environment where the respect of living systems, the elimination, and/or the bio-recycling are mandatory, at least ideally.
Evolution of Innate and Adaptive Effector Cell Functions during Acute HIV‐1 Infection (2007)

Early events during acute human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection are critical in determining the course of disease progression. Cells of the innate and adaptive immune responses are involved in this acute response to infection; however, little is known about the coevolution of innate and adaptive effector cell populations during the initial phase of HIV-1 infection. Here, we have characterized the development of innate natural killer (NK) cell and adaptive HIV-1-specific CD8(+) T cell function during acute HIV-1 infection. Although NK cell populations were significantly expanded during acute infection before HIV-1 seroconversion, HIV-1-specific CD8(+) T cell responses were absent or weak and were inversely correlated with the level of NK cell activity. NK cell activity was directly correlated with the level of viral replication during acute HIV-1 infection and declined rapidly in subjects who initiated highly active antiretroviral therapy, whereas NK cell activity remained elevated in subjects who did not initiate therapy. Yet, reexposure to HIV-1 antigen during treatment discontinuation in chronic infection resulted in a synchronous increase in NK and CD8(+) T cell activity. Overall, these data demonstrate that expansion of the NK cell population precedes the development of adaptive HIV-1-specific CD8(+) T cells during acute infection but that both effector cell subsets respond with similar kinetics during chronic HIV-1 infection.
Two-dimensional optical wavelet decomposition with white-light illumination by wavelength multiplexing (2001)

We present a novel method for achieving in real time a two-dimensional optical wavelet decomposition with white-light illumination. The underlying idea of the suggested method is wavelength multiplexing. The information in the different wavelet components of an input object is transmitted simultaneously in different wavelengths and summed incoherently at the output plane. Experimental results show the utility of the new proposed method.
Scrambling and gate-induced fluctuations in realistic quantum dots (2005)

We evaluate the magnitude of two important mesoscopic effects using a realistic model of typical quantum dots. ``Scrambling'' and ``gate effect'' are defined as the change in the single-particle spectrum due to added electrons or gate-induced shape deformation, respectively. These two effects are investigated systematically in both the self-consistent Kohn-Sham (KS) theory and a Fermi liquidlike Strutinsky approach. We find that the genuine scrambling effect is small because the potential here is smooth. In the KS theory, a key point is the implicit inclusion of residual interactions in the spectrum; these dominate and make scrambling appear larger. Finally, the gate effect is comparable in the two cases and, while small, is able to cause gate-induced spin transitions.
Picoanalysis of Drugs in Biofluids with Quantitative Label‐Free Surface‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (2018)

The enormous increase of Raman signal in the vicinity of metal nanoparticles allows surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to be employed for label-free detection of substances at extremely low concentrations. However, the ultimate potential of label-free SERS to identify pharmaceutical compounds at low concentrations, especially in relation to biofluid sensing, is far from being fully realized. Opioids are a particular challenge for rapid clinical identification because their molecular structural similarities prevent their differentiation with immunolabeling approaches. In this paper, a new method called quantitative label-free SERS (QLF-SERS) which involves the formation of halide-conjugated gold nanoclusters trapping the analyte of interest near the SERS hot spots is reported, and it is demonstrated that it yields a 10<sup>5</sup> fold improvement in the detection limit over previously reported results for the entire class of clinically relevant opioids and their metabolites. Measurements of opioid concentrations in multicomponent mixtures are also demonstrated. QLF-SERS has comparable detection limits as currently existing laboratory urine drug testing techniques but is significantly faster and inexpensive and, therefore, can be easily adapted as part of a rapid clinical laboratory routine.
A high sensitivity 10 Gb/s DCFL limiting amplifier with 0.2 μm GaAs MESFETs (2003)

This paper describes the successful operation of limiting amplifier IC by using the digital circuit of Direct Coupled FET Logic ( DCFL). To achieve a high sensitivity and wide dynamic range, the limiting amplifier configuration is newly demonstrated. The evaluation results are the sensitivity of 10 mVpp, the wide dynamic range of 40 dB at 10 Gb/s, and 210 mW power dissipation.
A new multi-level timing simulation environment for timing verification (1989)

The authors present a timing simulation environment that attempts to reduce the number of test patterns and features a novel multilevel timing simulator. In the proposed environment, the information contained in the logic description is used to recognize groups of test patterns that result in identical output transitions and therefore may be redundant. This information is also utilized to identify dormant subcircuits during the simulation. In addition, the authors describe a macromodeling methodology that provides multiple levels of modeling and further enhances the efficiency of the timing simulator
On the performance of cooperative relaying protocols in wireless networks (2005)

Abstract Cooperative relaying recently emerged as a viable option for future wireless networks. By simultaneously exploiting path loss savings known from relaying scenarios and the diversity inherent to any scheme involving spatially separated transmitters, this technique is able to leverage gains from both relaying and spatial diversity techniques. In this paper, we study different cooperative relaying protocols and compare their performance with that of direct transmission and conventional relaying. We investigate under which conditions the developed techniques provide gains over other approaches. Our results confirm that cooperative relaying is an effective means of enhancing the performance of wireless systems whenever temporal and frequency diversity is scarce. Copyright © 2005 AEIT.
A quantitative gait assessment method based on energy exchange analysis during walking: a normal gait study (2005)

In this paper a gait efficiency assessment method, Gait Energy Efficiency Index (GEEI), which can be used in evaluation of the progress of the rehabilitation process in disabled persons, is proposed and described. The method is based on calculation of cross correlation between normalized time courses of kinetic and potential energy of the body's centre of mass (COM). We hypothesized that GEEI in energetically optimal normal walking should be high and invariable of gait speed. The method was tested on twelve healthy subjects walking at three different speeds and contrasted to five established gait energy consumption assessment methods. The results showed that GEEI in normal walking is close to 1 regardless of walking speed.
Inclusion of Shear Effects, Tension, and Damping in a DTF Beam Model for Cable Modeling (2014)

Peer Reviewed
Chemical, physical and microstructural properties of thermally aged XLPE cable models (2003)

The thermal aging of cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) cable models has been investigated to obtain information on aging effects and mechanisms. After thermal life tests, XLPE cable models were subjected to chemical, physical, electrical and microstructural characterizations. The results of density, melting point and enthalpy, electrical conductivity and electric strength measurements, scanning electron microscopy observations, energy dispersive, and wavelength dispersive spectrometry microanalysis are presented and discussed. Remarkable changes of density, melting enthalpy, electrical conductivity and electric strength occur during thermal aging. Thermooxidative processes occur at the highest temperatures and times, which can be overcome at lower temperatures by postcuring reactions, not dangerous for the material behavior. At 100 degrees C, degradation processes are not heavily involved; a thermal threshold close to this temperature can be therefore envisaged according to thermal life test results.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Controlling Chaos of Hybrid Systems by Variable Threshold Values (2014)

We try to stabilize unstable periodic orbits embedded in a given chaotic hybrid dynamical system by a perturbation of a threshold value. In conventional chaos control methods, a control input is designed by state-feedback, which is proportional to the difference between the target orbit and the current state, and it is applied to a specific system parameter or the state as a small perturbation. During a transition state, the control system consumes a certain control energy given by the integration of such perturbations. In our method, we change the threshold value dynamically to control the chaotic orbit. Unlike the OGY method and the delayed feedback control, no actual control input is added into the system. The state-feedback is utilized only to determine the dynamic threshold value, thus the orbit starting from the current threshold value reaches the next controlled threshold value without any control energy. We obtain the variation of the threshold value from the composite Poincaré map, and the controller is designed by the linear feedback theory with this variation. We demonstrate this method in simple hybrid chaotic systems and show its control performances by evaluating basins of attraction.
Techniques For Sensor-Integrated Robotic Systems: Raman Spectra Analysis, Image Guidance, And Kinematic Calibration (2012)

Robotics and sensor technology have made impressive advancements over the years. There are now robotic systems that help perform surgeries or explore the surface of Mars, and there are sensors that detect trace amounts of explosives or identify diseased human tissue. The most powerful systems integrate robots and sensors, which are natural complements to each other. Sensors can provide information that might otherwise be unavailable due to indirect robotic manipulation (e.g., images of the target environment), and robots can provide suitably precise positioning of an analytical sensor. To have an effective sensor-integrated robotic system, multiple capabilities are needed in the areas of sensors, robotics, and techniques for robot/sensor integration. However, for many types of applications, there are shortcomings in the current technologies employed to provide these capabilities. For the analysis of complex sensor signals, there is a need for improved algorithms and open platforms that enable techniques to be shared. For the path planning and tracking of integrated sensors and the visualization of collected information, image guidance systems that support advanced analytical sensors would be very beneficial. For robotic placement of a sensor, easily usable calibration procedures and methods to overcome limited feedback could help improve the accuracy. To help address these issues, some novel systems and techniques were developed in this research. First, a software system was created to process, analyze, and classify data from a specific kind of sensor (a Raman spectrometer). The system is open and extensible, and it contains novel techniques for processing and analyzing the sensor data. Second, an image guidance system was made for use with a sensor-integrated robotic system (a Raman probe attached to a surgical system). The system supports tool tracking, sensor activation, real-time sensor data analysis, and presentation of the results in a 3D computer visualization of the environment. Third, a kinematic calibration technique was developed for serial manipulators. It requires no external measurement devices for calibration, provides solutions for some limitations of existing techniques, and can significantly enhance the positional accuracy of a robot to improve sensor placement. The implemented techniques and systems were successfully evaluated using various data sets and conditions. Together, the contributions of this work provide important building blocks for an accurate robot with an integrated analytical sensor. This type of a system would be a powerful tool for many future applications, such as a surgical robot that automatically scans for diseased tissue and assists the surgeon in the necessary treatment. Ultimately, this work is intended to foster the development of advanced sensor-integrated robotic systems.
Trace Gas Measurements from Tethered Balloon Platforms (1987)

Instrumentation and chemical sampling and analysis procedures are described for making measurements of atmospheric carbon disulfide in the concentration range 1–1000 pptv from tethered balloon platforms. Results of a study on the CS2 composition of air downwind of a saltwater marsh are reported. A method for obtaining the necessary data for solving the budget equations for surface fluxes, chemical formation rates and chemical destruction rates using data acquired from tethered balloon platforms is presented.
Improvement of optical properties of pH- sensitive nanolayers coating deposited using Layer-by-Layer technique (2012)

The focus of this paper is to investigate two different techniques to improve the optical properties of pH-sensitive nanolayers coating deposited using Layer-by-Layer (LbL) method. The two approaches studied in this work are: addition of salt into the polyion solutions and/or the use of different drying methods. As a case study, pH sensitive nanolayer coatings using Neutral Red as pH sensitive molecule and poly (acrylic acid) [PAA] as cross-linker are deposited on either a bare silica optical fiber or a glass slide using different salt concentrations and drying techniques. The optical properties of each coated sensor are measured and compared. It is shown that both methods can optimize the deposition process and improve the sensor sensitivity.
Effect of High Pressure on the Protease Activities in Meat (1991)

Journal Article Effect of High Pressure on the Protease Activities in Meat Get access Takashi Ohmori, Takashi Ohmori Research and Development Center, Nippon Meat Packers Inc., Takahata, Hiraokacho, Kakogawa, Hyogo 675–01, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Tamotsu Shigehisa, Tamotsu Shigehisa Research and Development Center, Nippon Meat Packers Inc., Takahata, Hiraokacho, Kakogawa, Hyogo 675–01, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Shiro Taji, Shiro Taji Research and Development Center, Nippon Meat Packers Inc., Takahata, Hiraokacho, Kakogawa, Hyogo 675–01, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Rikimaru Hayashi Rikimaru Hayashi Research Institute for Food Science, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 55, Issue 2, 1 February 1991, Pages 357–361, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1991.10870600 Published: 01 February 1991 Article history Received: 05 July 1990 Published: 01 February 1991
LES ANTINOMIES EN DROIT INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC (1964)

Communication faite au Centre national de recherches de logique le 14 avril 1962.
Differential effect of fixed acid and carbon dioxide on ammonia toxicity (1962)

Changes in pH have been found to alter the toxicity of ammonia. Most of the studies have been performed with fixed acid or base, but the use of CO 2 has recently attracted attention. Theoretically, however, these two methods of altering pH may not have similar effects. Fixed acid or base will penetrate tissue barriers poorly, thus causing an alteration in extracellular fluid-intracellular fluid pH gradient and a change in ammonia distribution. The alteration of pH gradient on inhalation of CO 2 is usually of a much smaller degree, as the gas crosses membranes with ease. Consequently, the redistribution of ammonia will tend to be less marked. A comparison was made, therefore, between the effect on ammonia toxicity of equivalent plasma pH changes produced by both methods. The greater the reduction of blood pH with HCl infusion the greater the degree of protection afforded to mice against ammonium bicarbonate toxicity. Similar changes in pH produced by CO 2 inhalation either had no effect or exacerbated ammonia toxicity. Concomitantly, HCl caused a marked diminution in the passage of a test dose of ammonia into the brain whereas CO 2 had little or no effect.
Coordinating Marine Acquisitions to Tackle Seismic Interference Noise (2017)

Summary This paper show how new insight into seismic interference (SI) and cross-party coordination has eliminated the need to timesharing in the North Sea. With this new approach seismic vessels were in 2016 also allowed to operate as close at ∼7km apart while acquiring seismic data. This stands in contrast to previous accepted guidelines stating that vessels should stay at least 40km. The end of timesharing and the added flexibility provided by allowing vessels to operate in close proximity represents a significant increase in acquisition efficiency, which also translates into cost savings. The presented approach for SI-management can easily be adapted and applied in other areas.
RACE CLASSIFICATION FROM FACE IMAGES USING LOCAL DESCRIPTORS (2012)

This paper investigates and compares the performance of local descriptors for race classification from face images. Two powerful types of local descriptors have been considered in this study: Local Binary Patterns (LBP) and Weber Local Descriptors (WLD). First, we investigate the performance of LBP and WLD separately and experiment with different parameter values to optimize race classification. Second, we apply the Kruskal-Wallis feature selection algorithm to select a subset of more "discriminative" bins from the LBP and WLD histograms. Finally, we fuse LBP and WLD, both at the feature and score levels, to further improve race classification accuracy. For classification, we have considered the minimum distance classifier and experimented with three distance measures: City-block, Euclidean, and Chi-square. We have performed extensive experiments and comparisons using five race groups from the FERET database. Our experimental results indicate that (i) using the Kruskal-Wallis feature selection, (ii) fusing LBP with WLD at the feature level, and (iii) using the City-block distance for classification, outperforms LBP and WLD alone as well as methods based on holistic features such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and LBP or WLD (i.e., applied globally).
Functional consequences of Rett syndrome mutations on human MeCP2 (2000)

The neurodevelopmental disorder known as Rett syndrome has recently been linked to the methyl-CpG-binding transcriptional repressor, MeCP2. In this report we examine the consequences of these mutations on the function of MeCP2. The ability to bind specifically to methylated DNA and the transcription repression capabilities are tested, as well as the stability of proteins in vivo. We find that all missense mutations (R106W, R133C, F155S, T158M) within the methyl-binding domain impair selectivity for methylated DNA, and that all nonsense mutations (L138X, R168X, E235X, R255X, R270X, V288X, R294X) that truncate all or some of the transcriptional repression domain (TRD) affect the ability to repress transcription and have decreased levels of stability in vivo. Two missense mutations, one in the TRD (R306C) and one in the C-terminus (E397K), had no noticeable effects on MeCP2 function. Together, these results provide evidence of how Rett syndrome mutations can affect distinct functions of MeCP2 and give insight into these mutations that may contribute to the disease.
Transient Radiation and Dose-Enhancement Effects in Transistors. (1978)

The response of bipolar transistors to ionizing radiation is considered for a relatively soft x-ray spectrum. A plasma-focus device was used to irradiate several silicon transistors under controlled conditions so that the relative contributions to the radiation response could be isolated. The photocurrent response resulting from direct photon interaction with the silicon chip was in excellent agreement with computations made on the basis of device geometry; however, contributions from packaging effects were found to be less predictable. The high Z package resulted in a nonuniform dose deposition in the device. The resultant dose enhancement is compared with integrated depth-dose profiles calculated with a Monte Carlo electron transport code. (Author)
Hydroxyl-Radical-Assisted Growth of ZnO Films by Remote Plasma Metal-Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition (2004)

The hydroxyl-radical-assisted growth of ZnO films by remote plasma-enhanced metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (RPE-MOCVD) was investigated. Plasma was generated by an RF discharge in O2. The change of the carrier gas from N2 to H2 resulted in a significant increase in deposition rate. It was found from the spectroscopic characterization of light emitted by the reactor gas in the vicinity of a substrate that the effect of the carrier gas on deposition rate is related to the occurrence of OH radicals. Oxygen radicals and OH radicals, which were observed by spectroscopic measurement, promoted film growth and suppressed deep-level emissions in photoluminescence spectra. To elucidate the effects of O and OH radicals, hydrogen and helium remote plasma techniques were also used in film growth for comparison. Finally, the ZnO films fabricated by the OH radical-assisted growth were investigated by photoluminescence and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. In addition, the Zn-termination effects of the sapphire substrate surface on heteroepitaxial ZnO film growth weres investigated.