gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Wavelength scaling of optimal hollow-core fiber compressors in the single-cycle limit (2012)

We systematically investigate supercontinuum generation using three-dimensional numerical simulations of nonlinear femtosecond pulse propagation in hollow-core fibers (HCF) at different pump wavelengths ranging from 400 nm to 2 μm. A general design strategy for HCF compressors is presented, maximizing the spectral broadening while preserving high beam quality for given pump pulse energy, duration and wavelength. We show close fitting of the modeled results with simple analytical formulas, enabling the construction of high-energy pulse compressors at the wavelength range of interest. Based on the presented wavelength scaling study, we propose an orthogonally polarized two-color pumping scheme in a single HCF compressor for the coherent synthesis of the electric fields in the sub-cycle regime with mJ level energies.
Development of Analytical Techniques for Wave Propagation Over Large Rough Surfaces (2006)

Abstract : The long terms goals of the project are to develop analytical or efficient numerical schemes for determining the RF signal received over a rough ocean surface and in atmospheric ducting conditions. The objectives of the proposed work are to develop techniques for treating radiowave propagation over an electrically large rough surface. Both analytical and numerical techniques were looked at in this project.
Two Point Boundary Problems for Second Order Matrix Differential Systems (1970)

This paper is concerned with second order matrix differential systems involving a parameter together with boundary conditions specified at two points.The object of the paper is to establish sufficient conditions for the existence of eigenvalues for the system.Although such problems have been considered using the results of and techniques from the calculus of variations, the methods and results here are entirely in the context of ordinary differential equations.Use is made of the matrix generalization of the polar coordinate transformation introduced by J. H. Barrett and the unitary transformation suggested by F. V. Atkinson and V. A. Jakubovic.The sufficient conditions for the existence of eigenvalues obtained here represent certain extensions of W. M. Whyburn's work concerning linear and nonlinear boundary problems for second order differential systems. Introduction. The two point boundary problem[p(x,X)y']'+q(x,X)y = 0, a(X)y(a,X)-(X)y'(a,X) = 0, y(X)y(b,X)-8(X)y'(b,X) = 0, defined ona^x^ii, Ax < X< A2, where each of p(x, X) and <7(x, A) is a continuous, real-valued function with p > 0, is known as a Sturmian system and it has been studied in considerable detail.In addition to the classical works of Sturm and Liouville, we refer to the treatments contained in F. V. Atkinson [1], E. A. Coddington and N. Levinson [3], and E. L. Ince [8].Linear and nonlinear versions of the Sturmian system together with more general boundary conditions have been considered by W. M. Whyburn [7], [14] and [15].The object of this paper is to consider a corresponding second order matrix differential systemdefined on X: a = x = b, L : X0 -8 < A < A0 + 8 (8 may be infinite) where each of K and G is an n x n symmetric matrix of continuous, real-valued functions on
Nanomaterials in liquid electrical insulation for use in inverter duty applications (2009)

Nanomaterials are becoming widely used in many commercial and consumer applications. The use of these types of materials has been studied in both the primary and secondary coatings as used in electrical insulation applications such as motors and transformers. It has been found that improvements in moisture resistance, abrasion resistance, pulse endurance survivability and flexibility are possible versus current state of the art systems that use micron-size inorganic materials.
pH-Responsive Carrier System Based on Carboxylic Acid Modified Mesoporous Silica and Polyelectrolyte for Drug Delivery (2005)

An efficient pH-responsive carrier system has been constructed by oppositely charged ionic interaction between carboxylic acid modified SBA-15 silica rods and polyelectrolyte. Active molecules such as vancomycin can be stored and released from the pore voids of SBA-15 by changing pH values at will. The amount of vancomycin stored in the pores of sample based on carboxylic acid modified SBA-15 rods and poly(dimethyldiallylammonium chloride) is up to 36.4 wt % at pH 6.8. When the pH is at mild acidity, vancomycin is steadily released from the pores of SBA-15. Both nitrogen adsorption−desorption isothems and X-ray diffraction patterns show that this system possesses stable mesostructure, which will be considered an interesting alternative to a polymeric delivery system.
Complex permittivities of a nematic liquid crystal in a hybrid-aligned cell (2007)

The half-leaky guided-mode (HLGM) technique has been used to explore a hybrid-aligned nematic (HAN) liquid-crystal cell. With a suitably oriented cell the optical response of the system, as a function of incident angle, has some unusual features. It is found that beyond a particular angle of incidence, with light incident from the homeotropically aligned side, the apparent mode spacing increases with increasing angle, which is entirely opposite to that found for an isotropic slab of material. This clearly indicates that the effective cell thickness varies with incident angles, an effect caused by the director profile within the cell, leading to bent trajectories for the beams propagating inside the cell. For this situation the depths of the reflectivity minima associated with excitation of the waveguide modes are particularly sensitive to the imaginary parts of the permittivities of the liquid crystal. This has enabled the two imaginary parts of the parallel and perpendicular permittivities of the liquid crystals to be determined separately. The technique is a very useful and accurate method for determining the whole optical tensor of the liquid crystal.
Analytical performance bound on a correlation matrix based blind equalizer (2003)

Blind equalizers are used to remove the intersymbol interference (ISI) caused by a communication channel without knowing the transmitted sequence. Blind equalizers can be obtained from the second-order cyclostationary statistics of the received sequence. The successful equalization of a mixed-phase communication channel often requires a suitable delay at the output of the equalizer. An arbitrary delay blind equalizer can be obtained with the correlation matrix (CM) method. In this paper, an analytical lower bound for the mean-squared error (MSE) of the CM-equalizer is derived. The MSE is evaluated for example channels and simulations are used to verify the analytical results. For comparison, simulation results obtained with three other algorithms are given. The equalizer performance is studied in simulation as a function of the magnitude of the first channel coefficient.
An Introduction to Agent-Based Modeling: Modeling Natural, Social, and Engineered Complex Systems with NetLogo (2015)

A comprehensive and hands-on introduction to the core concepts, methods, and applications of agent-based modeling, including detailed NetLogo examples.
Does chronic supplementation of the diet with dietary fibre extracted from pea or carrot affect colonic motility in man? (1996)

The aim of the present study was to assess, in healthy volunteers and under physiological conditions, the acceptability, clinical tolerance and effects on colonic motility of chronic supplementation of the usual diet with new dietary fibre sources. Three studies were carried out, one after a period of habitual diet, and two after randomized 3-week periods of supplementation with fibre extracted either from pea hulls or carrots, added to the meals as a fine powder. The 24 h motility was recorded on an unprepared colon at five levels to determine the initiation site and the number of high amplitude propagated contractions (HAPC) and to quantify motor activity every 30 min, particularly in the two periods following lunch and breakfast. With the habitual diet the motility pattern was an irregular alternation of quiescence and sporadic non-propagated contractions. HAPC always started from the ascending colon and occurred mainly after breakfast. With either type of fibre the 24 h motor profiles, the 24 h variations and the number of HAPC were not significantly modified but a more distal initiation of HAPC was found. The colonic postprandial motor response was more diffuse after dietary enrichment with carrot fibre than after enrichment with pea-hull fibre. In healthy volunteers the long-term addition of fibre extracted from pea hulls and carrots to the usual diet was easy and well-tolerated without clinical side-effects, but with limited colonic motor effects. However, the more distal initiation of HAPC observed could be deleterious.
Analog-to-digital conversion using suprathreshold stochastic resonance (2005)

We present an analysis of the use of suprathreshold stochastic resonance for analog to digital conversion. Suprathreshold stochastic resonance is a phenomenon where the presence of internal or input noise provides the optimal response from a system of identical parallel threshold devices such as comparators or neurons. Under the conditions where this occurs, such a system is effectively a non-deterministic analog to digital converter. In this paper we compare the suprathreshold stochastic resonance effect to conventional analog to digital conversion by analysing the rate-distortion trade-off of each.
Micropatterning of anatase TiO2 thin films from an aqueous solution by a site-selective immersion method (2002)

Micropatterning of anatase TiO2 thin films by site-selective immersion was realized using a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) which has a pattern of hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces. A solution containing a Ti precursor contacted the hydrophilic surface during the experiment and briefly came into contact with the hydrophobic surface via our newly developed method. The solution on the hydrophilic surface was replaced with a fresh solution by the continuous movement of bubbles. Thus TiO2 was deposited and a thin film was grown selectively on the hydrophilic surface. A TiO2 thin film fabricated by the site-selective immersion method has no cracks and the feature edge acuity of its micropattern was much higher than that of the micropattern obtained by the lift-off process.
Effects of murine recombinant interleukin-10 on the inflammatory disease of rats transgenic for HLA-B27 and human beta 2-microglobulin. (1998)

Rats transgenic for HLA-B27 and human beta 2-microglobulin develop a spontaneous, multisystem, inflammatory disease that resembles human B27-associated disease and that involves the gut mucosa. This model predominantly affects the colon and is characterized by an extensive infiltration of the mucosa by inflammatory cells, largely composed of mononuclear cells. In addition, an increased plasma level of nitric oxide (NO)-derived metabolites was described in this model. Deficiency in the anti-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-10 (IL-10), leads to the development of colitis in IL-10 knockout mice, suggesting that IL-10 plays a major role in the control of gut inflammation. The objectives of this work were to study the mechanisms of the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in HLA-B27 rats and to determine the effects of treatment with IL-10. The 33-3 line of HLA-B27 recombinant rats with established disease was treated in two consecutive experiments with murine recombinant IL-10 for five weeks. Assessment of the effect of this treatment was performed, based on clinical, histological and biological (myeloperoxidase and inducible NO synthase activities; tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interferon-delta, CD3, iNOS and beta-actin mRNA expression. In 33-3 rats with established disease, mesenteric lymph nodes were hyperplastic, and colonic cellularity and MPO and iNOS activities in the colonic mucosa were increased without any detectable effects of IL-10 administration. IFN-gamma and iNOS mRNA were only detected in the colon of transgenic rats. Despite a lack of effect on disease expression, IL-10 strikingly reduced the level of IFN-gamma mRNA in gut mucosa. Up-regulation of IFN-gamma mRNA suggests that the IBD of HLA-B27 rats is mediated by T-helper 1 lymphocytes. Sustained administration of IL-10, in HLA-B27 rats with established disease, efficiently inhibited IFN-gamma mRNA expression but did not influence disease expression: these results indicate that IFN-gamma may exert a critical role at an earlier stage of the disease rather in the maintenance of the lesions.
Development of a database for assessing dietary phytoestrogen intake (1999)

For the past two decades, epidemiologists have observed lower risks of lung, breast, prostate, colon, and other cancers in populations that frequently consume fruits and vegetables. Numerous phytoestrogens have been shown to be anticarcinogenic under experimental conditions and may account for at least part of the cancer-prevention effects of fruit and vegetable consumption. These plant constituents include isoflavonoids, coumestans, lignans, phytosterols, and flavonoids. DietSys, the nutrient analysis program associated with the National Cancer Institute Health Habits and History Questionnaire (HHHQ), and other nationally available nutrient analysis databases do not fully assess these constituents. Therefore, we modified DietSys to include these components in foods on the basis of published values. In addition, as part of an epidemiological study of prostate cancer, we modified the food-frequency component of the HHHQ to include the main foods contributing to phytoestrogen intake. Although there are limitations to the consistency and quality of many of the values because they were gathered from a variety of sources, our approach should provide a useful first tool for assessing the epidemiological association between phytoestrogen consumption and cancer risk. Furthermore, this work has already facilitated the identification of the major dietary contributors with phytoestrogen activity and prioritized future laboratory analyses of specific foods toward the development of a more complete and accurate database.
Spatial and Social Paradigms for Interference and Coverage Analysis in\n Underlay D2D Network (2016)

The homogeneous Poisson point process (PPP) is widely used to model spatial\ndistribution of base stations and mobile terminals. The same process can be\nused to model underlay device-to-device (D2D) network, however, neglecting\nhomophilic relation for D2D pairing presents underestimated system insights. In\nthis paper, we model both spatial and social distributions of interfering D2D\nnodes as proximity based independently marked homogeneous Poisson point\nprocess. The proximity considers physical distance between D2D nodes whereas\nsocial relationship is modeled as Zipf based marks. We apply these two\nparadigms to analyze the effect of interference on coverage probability of\ndistance-proportional power-controlled cellular user. Effectively, we apply two\ntype of functional mappings (physical distance, social marks) to Laplace\nfunctional of PPP. The resulting coverage probability has no closed-form\nexpression, however for a subset of social marks, the mark summation converges\nto digamma and polygamma functions. This subset constitutes the upper and lower\nbounds on coverage probability. We present numerical evaluation of these bounds\non coverage probability by varying number of different parameters. The results\nshow that by imparting simple power control on cellular user, ultra-dense\nunderlay D2D network can be realized without compromising the coverage\nprobability of cellular user.\n
Active structural acoustic control with a loudness optimized actuator placement (2015)

One of the main objectives of efficient aircraft design, alongside safety and fuel consumption, is interior comfort. One significant factor in the overall comfort as perceived by the passengers is the noise in the aircraft cabin. This paper presents the results of a psychoacoustical analysis of various inflight recordings during cruise flight. Based on the results of this analysis the psychoacoustic loudness is identified as the most distinctive psychoacoustic metric, result which is consistent with the scientific literature. Using this finding the psychoacoustic loudness resulting from a vibroacoustically excited structure is used as the objective for the placement of the actuators in an active structural acoustic control system. This system is compared to the more conventional method of using the sound power radiated by an excited structure as the objective for the actuator placement. The comparison is conducted using a numerical pre-design tool for optimal active structural acoustic control of a simple plate structure.
An epizootic of feline herpesvirus, type 1 in a large specific pathogen-free cat colony and attempts to eradicate the infection by identification and culling of carriers (1994)

This study describes the clinical course of an inadvertent feline herpesvirus, type 1 (FHV-1) outbreak in 2 specific pathogen-free (SPF) research and breeding colonies housing 690 cats and assesses a programme that was designed to eradicate the virus from the colonies. The clinical signs observed in these cats were milder, with more eye involvement than those previously described for FHV-1 infection and did not include abortion. FHV-1 eradication was based on the detection and elimination of both active and latent viral carriers. Carrier cats were detected by virus isolation from oral swabs before and after corticosteroid-induced reactivation of FHV-1 excretion. Four per cent of recovered cats were actively shedding virus prior to corticosteroid treatment; 21% of the virus negative cats shed virus after one corticosteroid injection, and 12% of remaining culture negative cats tested positive upon a second corticosteroid treatment 6 weeks later. The colony remained virus free for 8 months after all detectable virus carriers were culled and there was no seroconversion among new kittens. A second epizootic of FHV-1 then occurred among susceptible animals. At this time, all breeding cats that had tested negative after 2 injections of corticosteroids were treated a third time; 23% of them now tested positive for FHV-1. This study demonstrates that corticosteroid treatment can be useful in improving the rate of detection, essential as a basis for decreasing the incidence of enzootic disease, but it is unlikely to detect all possible FHV-1 carriers in large populations of cats.
Evaluation of the immune benefits of two probiotic strains <i>Bifidobacterium animalis</i> ssp. <i>lactis</i>, BB-12<sup>®</sup> and <i>Lactobacillus paracasei</i> ssp. <i>paracasei</i>, L. casei 431<sup>®</sup> in an influenza vaccination model: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (2011)

The present study investigated the ability of Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis (BB-12®) and Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei (L. casei 431®) to modulate the immune system using a vaccination model in healthy subjects. A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study was conducted in 211 subjects (56 % females, mean age 33·2 (sd 13·1) years). Subjects consumed a minimum of 10⁹ colony-forming units of BB-12® (capsule) or L. casei 431® (dairy drink) or a matching placebo once daily for 6 weeks. After 2 weeks, a seasonal influenza vaccination was given. Plasma and saliva samples were collected at baseline and after 6 weeks for the analysis of antibodies, cytokines and innate immune parameters. Changes from baseline in vaccine-specific plasma IgG, IgG1 and IgG3 were significantly greater in both probiotic groups v. the corresponding placebo group (L. casei 431®, P = 0·01 for IgG; P < 0·001 for remaining comparisons). The number of subjects obtaining a substantial increase in specific IgG (defined as ≥ 2-fold above baseline) was significantly greater in both probiotic groups v. placebo (BB-12®, P < 0·001 for IgG, IgG1 and IgG3; L. casei 431®, P < 0·001 for IgG1 and IgG3). Significantly greater mean fold increases for vaccine-specific secretory IgA in saliva were observed in both probiotic groups v. placebo (BB-12®, P = 0·017; L. casei 431®, P = 0·035). Similar results were observed for total antibody concentrations. No differences were found for plasma cytokines or innate immune parameters. Data herein show that supplementation with BB-12® or L. casei 431® may be an effective means to improve immune function by augmenting systemic and mucosal immune responses to challenge.
Recurrent annular erythema associated with anti-SS-B/La antibodies: analysis of the disease-specific epitope (1992)

We have found that anti-SS-B/La antibodies are present in a group of patients with a characteristic recurrent annular erythema, and immunological abnormalities. The presence of a disease-specific epitope for this entity has been examined by comparing immunological reactivity of anti-SS-B/La antibodies between these patients and patients with classical Sjögren's syndrome who have anti-SS-B/La antibodies but do not have this characteristic erythema. In immunoblotting using three different antigen sources, all the sera from both groups exhibited the same reaction patterns. V8 protease mapping showed that the sera could be divided into three groups by the difference in reactivity to two main digested peptide fragments. However, no significant relationship of the reactivity in peptide mapping between the two patient groups was observed. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the role of anti-SS-B/La antibodies in disease pathogenesis in these patients, in particular by more precise peptide mapping using recombinant SS-B/La antigen proteins.
Kinetically controlled glass transition measurement of organic aerosol thin films using broadband dielectric spectroscopy (2018)

Abstract. Glass transitions from liquid to semi-solid and solid phase states have important implications for reactivity, growth, and cloud-forming (cloud condensation nuclei and ice nucleation) capabilities of secondary organic aerosols (SOAs). The small size and relatively low mass concentration of SOAs in the atmosphere make it difficult to measure atmospheric SOA glass transitions using conventional methods. To circumvent these difficulties, we have adapted a new technique for measuring glass-forming properties of atmospherically relevant organic aerosols. Aerosol particles to be studied are deposited in the form of a thin film onto an interdigitated electrode (IDE) using electrostatic precipitation. Dielectric spectroscopy provides dipole relaxation rates for organic aerosols as a function of temperature (373 to 233 K) that are used to calculate the glass transition temperatures for several cooling or heating rates. IDE-enabled broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) was successfully used to measure the kinetically controlled glass transition temperatures of aerosols consisting of glycerol and four other compounds with selected cooling and heating rates. The glass transition results agree well with available literature data for these five compounds. The results indicate that the IDE-BDS method can provide accurate glass transition data for organic aerosols under atmospheric conditions. The BDS data obtained with the IDE-BDS technique can be used to characterize glass transitions for both simulated and ambient organic aerosols and to model their climate effects.