gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Increased inducible nitric oxide synthase and arginase II expression in heart failure: no net nitrite/nitrate production and protein <i>S</i>-nitrosylation (2010)

Our objective was to address the balance of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS) and arginase and their contribution to contractile dysfunction in heart failure (HF). Excessive NO formation is thought to contribute to contractile dysfunction; in macrophages, increased iNOS expression is associated with increased arginase expression, which competes with iNOS for arginine. With substrate limitation, iNOS may become uncoupled and produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). In rabbits, HF was induced by left ventricular (LV) pacing (400 beats/min) for 3 wk. iNOS mRNA [quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR)] and protein expression (confocal microscopy) were detected, and arginase II expression was quantified with Western blot; serum arginine and myocardial nitrite and nitrate concentrations were determined by chemiluminescence, and protein S-nitrosylation with Western blot. Superoxide anions were quantified with dihydroethidine staining. HF rabbits had increased LV end-diastolic diameter [20.0 + or - 0.5 (SE) vs. 17.2 + or - 0.3 mm in sham] and decreased systolic fractional shortening (11.1 + or - 1.4 vs. 30.6 + or - 0.7% in sham; both P < 0.05). Myocardial iNOS mRNA and protein expression were increased, however, not associated with increased myocardial nitrite or nitrate concentrations or protein S-nitrosylation. The serum arginine concentration was decreased (124.3 + or - 5.6 vs. 155.4 + or - 12.0 micromol/l in sham; P < 0.05) at a time when cardiac arginase II expression was increased (0.06 + or - 0.01 vs. 0.02 + or - 0.01 arbitrary units in sham; P < 0.05). Inhibition of iNOS with 1400W attenuated superoxide anion formation and contractile dysfunction in failing hearts. Concomitant increases in iNOS and arginase expression result in unchanged NO species and protein S-nitrosylation; with substrate limitation, uncoupled iNOS produces superoxide anions and contributes to contractile dysfunction.
Soybean leaf urease: Comparison with seed urease (1983)

Soybeans, Glycine max (L.) Merr., from ureides for transport of nitrogen from the root nodule to the shoot. The most direct routes for ureide utilization include the degradation of ureide‐derived urea to NH 3 and CO 2 . Ureolytic activity was found in leaf disks of soybean and exhbited optimal activity at pH 7 in the presence of a high concentration of urea (250 m M ). In vitro studies showed neither urea amidolyase nor urea dehydrogenase activity in soybean leaves and the ureolytic activity was characterized as urease. Several biochemical properties of soybean leaf urease were determined and compared to seed urease properties. Soybean leaf urease differed from that of seed in five ways: pH optima (5.25 and 8.75), apparent K m (0.8 m M ), no inhibition by hydroxyurea, faster electrophoretic mobility and no cross‐reactivity with soybean seed urease antibodies. The data suggest that urease is the primary urea metabolizing enzyme present in soybean leaves. The properties of soybean leaf urease support the conclusion that a unique isozyme of urease is present in leaf tissue.
<title>Application of the wavelet transform in seismic data processing for the development of new noise reduction techniques</title> (1996)

New techniques for developing more efficient noise reduction schemes are presented and implemented by applying the wavelet transform (WT) to a series of stationary and non- stationary signals. Their effectiveness is illustrated with specific applications to both real and synthetic seismic data, and the superiority over Fourier transform (FT) based methods is demonstrated. These methods aim at the efficient reduction of the effects that surface waves, airwaves, and direct waves can have on the interpretation of a seismic record. We first apply the WT on each trace in a common- depth-point gather and then perform stacking in the WT domain and compute both the mean and median transforms. Then, the signal-to-noise ratio of the stacked transforms is estimated and used as a criterion to improve the quality of the transformed data, and finally the total energy in the stacked WT plane is computed and redistributed in order to boost weak events. The advantage of stacking in the WT domain is that it allows for detection of weak reflections overpowered by high amplitude surface and air waves. Additionally, it is shown that by frequency modulating a mother wavelet, further attenuation of surface waves, airwaves, and first breaks may be achieved.
Transforming the sun's energy into electricity in a cost effective manner: Microsystems Enabled Photovoltaics. (2011)

Abstract not provided.
Bone Region Extraction by Dual Energy X-ray Absorbtion Image Decomposition (2009)

Over the 50 percents of women who are older than 45 years have osteoporosis. Because people hardly recognize this disease by themselves, the researches that measure bone mineral density have been doing widely to detect osteoporosis in the early stage. The most widely used methods for bone mineral density measurement are based on the X-ray imaging. Among them, DEXA(Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry) imaging is one of the important methods in bone mineral density measurement. DEXA images are useful methods to increase diagnosis efficiency by reducing anatomic noise as two images obtained from two different energy levels. However, it has some problems to a calibration parameter determined by the heuristic method for bone extraction. In this paper, we propose the method to extract bone in DEXA image using calibration parameter based on anatomic attenuation coefficient. The experimental results reveal that the proposed method is effective.
Genome-Wide Transcriptional Regulation Mediated by Biochemically Distinct SWI/SNF Complexes (2020)

Multiple positions within the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex can be filled by mutually exclusive subunits. Inclusion or exclusion of these proteins defines many unique forms of SWI/SNF and has profound functional consequences. Often this complex is studied as a single entity within a particular cell type and we understand little about the functional relationship between these biochemically distinct forms of the remodeling complex. Here we examine the functional relationships among three complex-specific ARID (AT-Rich Interacting Domain) subunits using genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation, transcriptome analysis, and transcription factor binding maps. We find widespread overlap in transcriptional regulation and the genomic binding of distinct SWI/SNF complexes. ARID1B and ARID2 participate in wide-spread cooperation to repress hundreds of genes. Additionally, we find numerous examples of competition between ARID1A and another ARID, and validate that gene expression changes following loss of one ARID are dependent on the function of an alternative ARID. These distinct regulatory modalities are correlated with differential occupancy by transcription factors. Together, these data suggest that distinct SWI/SNF complexes dictate gene-specific transcription through functional interactions between the different forms of the SWI/SNF complex and associated co-factors. Most genes regulated by SWI/SNF are controlled by multiple biochemically distinct forms of the complex, and the overall expression of a gene is the product of the interaction between these different SWI/SNF complexes. The three mutually exclusive ARID family members are among the most frequently mutated chromatin regulators in cancer, and understanding the functional interactions and their role in transcriptional regulation provides an important foundation to understand their role in cancer.
Structure and reactivity of aryl(bromo)nickel complexes relevant to nickel(0) complex-promoted dehalogenative polycondensation of organic dihalides (1994)

Reactions of 4-bromobiphenyl, 1,4-dibromobenzene, and 9,10-dibromoanthracene with [Ni(cod)2](cod = cycloocta-1,5-diene) in the presence of PEt3 gave arylnickel complexes, tans-[NiBr(C6H4C6H5)(PEt3)2]1, trans-[NiBr(C6H4Br-p)(PEt3)2]2, and trans-[NiBr(C14H8Br)(PEt3)2]3, respectively. 4,4′-Dibromobiphenyl reacted with a [Ni(cod)2]–PEt3 mixture to give trans, trans-[(Et3P)2BrNi(C6H4C6H4)NiBr(PEt3)2]4. The structures of complexes 1–4 with trans configuration around square-planar nickel centres have been determined by X-ray crystallography. The NMR (1H, 13C, and 31P) spectra of the complexes are consistent with the trans structures. Complexes 2 and trans-[NiBr(Ph)(PEt3)2]5 did not undergo any thermal reaction at 60 °C in dimethylformamide. Complex 2 reacted with Mel at room temperature to give a mixture of p-bromotoluene (17%) and 4,4′-dibromobiphenyl (8%), while similar reaction of 5 gave a mixture of toluene (15%) and biphenyl (78%). Reaction of complex 4 with Mel gave 4-methylbiphenyl and quaterphenyl.
A newly identified protein of Leptospira interrogans mediates binding to laminin (2009)

Pathogenic Leptospira is the aetiological agent of leptospirosis, a life-threatening disease that affects populations worldwide. The search for novel antigens that could be relevant in host-pathogen interactions is being pursued. These antigens have the potential to elicit several activities, including adhesion. This study focused on a hypothetical predicted lipoprotein of Leptospira, encoded by the gene LIC12895, thought to mediate attachment to extracellular matrix (ECM) components. The gene was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 Star (DE3)pLys by using the expression vector pAE. The recombinant protein tagged with N-terminal hexahistidine was purified by metal-charged chromatography and characterized by circular dichroism spectroscopy. The capacity of the protein to mediate attachment to ECM components was evaluated by binding assays. The leptospiral protein encoded by LIC12895, named Lsa27 (leptospiral surface adhesin, 27 kDa), bound strongly to laminin in a dose-dependent and saturable fashion. Moreover, Lsa27 was recognized by antibodies from serum samples of confirmed leptospirosis specimens in both the initial and the convalescent phases of the disease. Lsa27 is most likely a surface protein of Leptospira as revealed in liquid-phase immunofluorescence assays with living organisms. Taken together, these data indicate that this newly identified membrane protein is expressed during natural infection and may play a role in mediating adhesion of L. interrogans to its host.
Implication of TEL-derived proteins in oncogenesis (1999)

TEL is a gene of the ETS family which is frequently altered in human leukemia as the result of specific chromosomal translocations. The TEL protein has features which distinguish it from other members of the ETS family. First, unlike most other ETS proteins, TEL is a sequence-specific transcriptional repressor. Second, TEL self-associates to form homotypic oligomers, a property which is important for its trans-repressing properties. The chromosomal translocations which affect TEL in leukemia generate fusion proteins. These can be grouped into two major categories. The first comprises chimeric proteins in which the amino-terminal region of TEL (including its self-association domain) is fused to the catalytic domain of protein tyrosine kinases (PDGFRbeta ; ABL ; JAK2 ; TRKC). The second includes fusion proteins between TEL and other transcriptional regulators (AML1 ; MN1). The latter can either maintain (TEL-MN1 fusions) or not maintain (TEL-AML1) the DNA binding domain (ETS domain) of TEL. Although deregulating different intracellular signaling pathways, these fusion proteins all appear to activate their oncogenic properties by using and subverting from their normal function several remarkable functional domains of TEL. The increasing number of chromosomal translocations affecting TEL, most often in leukemia, the diversity of the partners involved in these translocations and the presumed role of the loss of the non rearranged TEL allele in B-ALL with t(12 ; 21), clearly point to TEL as an important target in oncogenic processes.
Continu et discret en sémantique lexicale (2004)

Ce sont les phénomènes de polysémie et de synonymie partielle qui rendent nécessaire l’utilisation du continu dans la modélisation en sémantique lexicale. Un modèle extrêmement simplifié d’évolution dynamique du découpage d’un espace sémantique continu par des unités discrètes permet de simuler les conditions dans lesquelles ces phénomènes émergent et se stabilisent.
Investigaciones geológicas en la vertiente oriental de la Sierra de Famatina (Provincia de La Rioja) (1946)

Fil: Russo, Aniello. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina.
Papillomavirus Subtypes Are Natural and Old Taxa: Phylogeny of Human Papillomavirus Types 44 and 55 and 68a and -b (2005)

A human papillomavirus (HPV) type is defined as an HPV isolate whose L1 gene sequence is at least 10% different from that of any other type, while a subtype is 2 to 10% different from any HPV type. In order to analyze the phylogeny behind the subtype definition, we compared 49 isolates of HPV type 44 (HPV-44) and its subtype HPV-55, previously misclassified as a separate type, and 41 isolates of the subtype pair HPV-68a and -b, sampled from cohorts in four continents. The subtypes of each pair are separated by deep dichotomic branching, and three of the four subtypes have evolved large phylogenetic clusters of genomic variants forming a "star" phylogeny, with some branches specific for ethnically defined cohorts. We conclude that subtypes of HPV types are natural and old taxa, equivalent to types, which either diverged more recently than types or evolved more slowly.
Barrier permeabilities for a symmetric Eckart potential as studied by the kinetic isotope effects for hydrogen/deuterium abstraction from neopentane by hydrogen atoms in the gas phase (1987)

Kinetic isotope effects kH/kD have been determined in the gas phase over the temperature range 363–473 K for the abstraction reactions [graphic omitted] where RH is an alkane and R′D is the corresponding perdeuterated alkane. The alkanes studied include some n-alkanes, cycloalkanes and branched-chain alkanes. The ratio of the Arrhenius pre-exponential factors AH/AD varies from 0.32 to 0.70 and the difference in Arrhenius activation energy ED–EH ranges from 7.1 to 11.0 kJ mol,–1 depending on the strength of the C—H bond being broken. The small A factor ratios, coupled with the large activation energy differences, are taken to indicate the importance of the tunnelling effect in these reactions. A theoretical interpretation of the kinetic isotope effects (KIEs) was made for abstraction of a hydrogen atom from neopentane within the framework of transition-state theory using a London–Eyring–Polanyi–Sato (LEPS) potential-energy surface. Approximating the LEPS profile along the reaction path by a symmetric Eckart barrier, some characteristics of tunnelling phenomena are discussed in great detail, although in an elementary way. Good agreement between experiment and theory was obtained when the barrier permeabilities were taken into consideration.
Increased susceptibility to bacterial superinfection as a consequence of innate antiviral responses (2006)

The reason why severe localized or systemic virus infections enhance and aggravate bacterial superinfection is poorly understood. Here we show that virus-induced IFN type I caused apoptosis in bone marrow granulocytes, drastically reduced granulocyte infiltrates at the site of bacterial superinfection, caused up to 1,000-fold higher bacterial titers in solid organs, and increased disease susceptibility. The finding that the innate antiviral immune response reduces the antibacterial granulocyte defense offers an explanation for enhanced susceptibility to bacterial superinfection during viral disease.
High-field-magnet laboratory at Canberra (1968)

Water-cooled electromagnets producing magnetic fields of hundreds of kilogauss and consuming many megawatts of power may be energised for periods as long as several minutes by the 500 MJ Canberra homopolar generator and cooled by a unique cooling-water system employing compressed air. The system is automated and power is controlled by a variable-resistor circuit breaker and high-capacity isolators.
Effect of High Pressure on Interdiffusion in Cu-Zn Alloys (1984)

The interdiffusion coefficients in the α fcc,phase of the Al-Cu-Zn alloys have been determined under pressures from 0.101 to 2800 MPa in the temperature range from 815 to 860 K. The direct coefficients D Al CuCu and D Al ZnZn are positive, and the indirect coefficients D Al CuZn and D Al ZnCu are negative. The diffusion coefficients decrease with increasing pressure. The activation energies for the interdiffusion and impurity diffusion increase with pressure. The ratio of the activation volume to the molar volume of aluminium is between 0.96 and 1.05. It is concluded that the diffusion of copper and zinc in the Al-Cu-Zn alloy occurs predominantly by the monovacancy mechanism
The Structure of a 3 V Li x MnO2 Cathode and Its Change upon Electrochemical Lithiation (1998)

The crystal structure of obtained by heat‐treatment of and mixture (Li/Mn ratio 1:3, 370°C, 20 h), which is used as a 3 V cathode in rechargeable lithium batteries, is proposed as an ordered alternation of [1 × 2] and [1 × 1] channels. The simulation of this structure by the Rietveld method is in good agreement with the powder X‐ray diffraction pattern of this material. It has been shown that the major difference between the structures of and the thermal lithiated product is the ordering in the ‐octahedra arrangement. This leads to the high reversibility and cyclability of this cathode material in rechargeable Li batteries.
ChemInform Abstract: (η1‐Acyl)titanium Complexes Prepared by the Carbonylation of 1‐Oxa‐ 5‐titanacyclopentanes. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
New Prenylated Flavanones from<i>Erythrina abyssinica</i>with Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) Inhibitory Activity (2009)

As the insulin and leptin signaling pathway can be regulated by PTP1B, it has been suggested that compounds that reduce PTP1B activity or expression levels can be used for treating type 2 diabetes and obesity. In the course of our screening efforts on new PTP1B inhibitors, six new flavanones ( 1- 6) with dihydrofuran moiety and two known flavanones ( 7 and 8) were isolated from the stem bark of Erythrina abyssinica (Leguminosae). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic (including UV, CD, MS, 1D, and 2D NMR) and physicochemical analyses. With the exception of 3 and 5, the compounds inhibited PTP1B activity in an IN VITRO assay with IC (50) values ranging from 15.2 +/- 1.2 to 19.6 +/- 2.3 microM, whereas RK-682 as a positive control displayed an IC (50) value of 4.7 +/- 0.5 microM.
Fibrin Monomer and Platelet Aggregation <i>in Vitro</i> and <i>in Vivo</i> (1972)

S ummary . The effect of fibrin monomer or fibrinogen‐fibrin monomer complexes (FFMC) on platelet aggregation was studied in vitro and in vivo . FFMC produced by limited action of thrombin in vitro did not cause spontaneous platelet aggregation and neither accelerated nor inhibited platelet aggregation induced by ADP or collagen. If FFMC were converted to gels by treatment with ethanol, platelets aggregated spontaneously. When purified rabbit fibrin monomer was infused into rabbits pretreated with heparin to block the intravascular generation of thrombin, platelet counts did not decrease significantly, indicating the lack of a plateletaggregating effect of FFMC. It is concluded that FFMC, derived from thrombin action on fibrinogen, do not initiate or accelerate platelet aggregation.
Hydroxycinnamic derivatives in Ilex aquifolium mother tincture (2008)

Ilex aquifolium belongs to the Aquifoliaceae family and is used in France as hydroethanolic Mother Tincture (MT) in homeopathic medicinal products. The aim of the present study was to establish the phytochemical content, stability and variability of the MT of Ilex aquifolium. Various hydroxycinnamic derivatives have been characterised in the MT on the basis of spectrometric data (NMR, MS, UV). Chlorogenic acid was the major compound. An accurate and simple HPLC-DAD method has been developed and validated for quantification. The results analyses obtained reveal a great variability in quantity of hydroxycinnamic derivatives content between different batches (Figure 1); but the proportion of each hydroxycinnamic derivate is quite similar between batches. This observation must be correlated with the different geographical origin of the plant material. Ilex aquifolium is currently crafted in the wild, implying compounds heterogeneity of plant material including phytoconstituent. Our results covering more than 10 years of MT production show that the variability is not age-dependent.
Using mitochondrial DNA as a biosensor of early cancer development (2005)

British Journal of Cancer (2005) 93, 271–272. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6602711 www.bjcancer.com& 2005 Cancer Research UKMitochondria can perform multiple cellular functions includingenergy production, cell proliferation and apoptosis. Eachhuman cell contains hundreds to several thousand copies ofthe 16.5kb human mitochondrial genome, which incidentallyexhibits a maternal pattern of inheritance. This closed circulargenome encodes 13 polypeptides of the respiratory chaincomplexes, as well as 22 transfer RNAs and two ribosomal RNAsused in mitochondrial protein synthesis. Compared to nuclearDNA, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is highly susceptible todamage because it is not associated with protective histones, it iscontinually exposed to high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS)generated by oxidative phosphorylation, and there is a limitedcapacity for mtDNA repair. The complete mtDNA sequence wasdetermined in 1981 and resequenced in 1999. A growing collectionof reported mtDNA mutations and rearrangements hasbeen associated with muscle and neurodegenerative diseases(Birch-Machin, 2000).
Adaptive Computing (and Agents) for Enhanced Collaboration (ACEC 2018) (2018)

The 16th edition of the "Adaptive Computing (and Agents) for Enhanced Collaboration" (ACEC) track at WETICE 2018 focuses mostly on the area of adaptive agent-based techniques for the enterprise. The objective of the track is to bring together researches from the fields of software agents and adaptive computing to present results and discuss in the context of adaptive techniques and enterprise collaboration. This report briefly reports on the content of accepted papers.
Real-time communications in a computer-controlled workcell (1991)

A computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) system is composed of several workcells, each of which contains robots, numerical-control machines, sensors, and a transport mechanism. The author considers a communication subsystem that is designed to support real-time control and coordination of devices in each CIM cell. The concept of a poll number is proposed to control the access to the intracell bus. The bus access mechanism with the poll number is intended to minimize the probability of real-time messages missing their deadlines. Use of a poll number provides not only for decentralized control of the intracell bus, but also a high degree of flexibility in scheduling messages. The performance of the bus access mechanism with a poll number is analyzed and compared with that of a token bus which is widely used in CIM systems such as MAP (Manufacturing Automation Protocol) networks. The probability of a real-time message missing its deadline in a token bus is found to be much higher than that of the proposed mechanism.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>