gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Semiconductor particles in bilayer lipid membranes. Formation, characterization, and photoelectrochemistry (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSemiconductor particles in bilayer lipid membranes. Formation, characterization, and photoelectrochemistryXiao Kang. Zhao, Subhash. Baral, Ranieri. Rolandi, and Janos H. FendlerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 4, 1012–1024Publication Date (Print):February 17, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 17 February 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00212a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00212a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views329Altmetric-Citations66LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Faecal Contamination in Ground Water Resources of Urban Areas of Ujjain (2020)

Ground water is one of the most important natural resource next to air being essential for life. Quality of ground water depends upon natural process, such as wet/dry condition, salts, many geogenic and anthropogenic activities. Among all contamination ground water is more susceptible to microbial contamination. According to WHO report about 80% of all diseases in human being are caused due to drinking water contaminated by bacteria of faecal origin. Various water born diseases are prevalent in Ujjain like typhoid, dysentery, jaundice, amebeosis, colitis etc. Purpose of the study was to assess the bacterial contamination of faecal origin in ground water resources of urban area of Ujjain. For this ground water samples (well, bore well and hand pump) were collected from 6 sub areas of Ujjain city. For the assessment of bacterial contamination of faecal origin H2S strip test of Manja,et.al.(1982) was used. Results clearly indicated that bore well water was found to be safe for drinking, domestic and other purposes.
Edge-coupled InGaAs PIN photodiode with a light funnel waveguide (2004)

We have successfully fabricated InGaAs edge-coupled photodiodes (EC-PDs) with a light funnel integrated (LIFI) in front of the coupling aperture, called LIFI EC-PD, based on the self-terminated oxide polish (STOP), the crystallographic slope etching of InP, and the self-aligned diffusion (SAD) techniques. The LIFI EC-PD presents not only a lower dark current density (/spl sim/ 4.4 mA/cm/sup 2/) but also a higher responsivity (/spl sim/ 0.4 A/W) than that of the mesa EC-PD (27 mA/cm/sup 2/ and 0.26 A/W, respectively). Furthermore, the thick oxide film serves as the funnel in front of active-region aperture to enhance the coupling efficiency and to lower the bonding pad capacitance down to 50 fF. The lowered bonding pad capacitance can be beneficial in designing a device with a higher transit-time-limited frequency response of beyond 30 GHz. The LIFI EC-PD with a 1-/spl mu/m thick absorption layer exhibits a 3-dB bandwidth of 20 GHz and a responsivity of /spl sim/ 0.4 A/W.
Microgap between zirconia abutments and titanium implants. (2010)

International audience
A FACILE AND DIRECT SYNTHESIS OF ALENDRONATE FROM PYRROLIDONE (2004)

(2004). A FACILE AND DIRECT SYNTHESIS OF ALENDRONATE FROM PYRROLIDONE. Organic Preparations and Procedures International: Vol. 36, No. 2, pp. 185-187.
The effects of option hedging on the costs of domestic price stabilization schemes (1991)

Casual observation leads to the conclusion that stabilization funds tend to be short-lived. While it may be that some funds have failed due to poor management or unwarranted political interventions, the stochastic components of commodity prices can generate insurmountable difficulties for even the most expert managers. Price-band schemes contain an element of information feed-back and offer transparent rules -- attributes which make such schemes preferable to many alternative mechanisms -- but the benefits to producers tend to be, on average, quite small. Similar average benefits can be generated with very small import taxes or producer subsidies. Nevertheless, such schemes can have large single-year effects. The simulation results demonstrate that, if adopted, such funds should be hedged unless the government is not at all adverse to the fund's financial failure. Still, hedged or unhedged, such funds will, with eventual certainty, generate large levels of debt as a statistically"rare"sequence of events must eventually occur. By hedging, the funds are more likely to survive in the short-run.
Operational requirements for fully automatic flight (2003)

Fully automatic flight will be required in the near future to improve the financial state and safety of commercial air transportation. Technological means of providing fully automatic flight for aircraft have already been developed, but there remains the need to provide other systems with which aircraft must interact. Chief of these is the provision of an air traffic management system. Provides a description of the schemes which are being developed to bring about Free Flight.
VLA‐4 antagonists: Potent inhibitors of lymphocyte migration (2003)

Circulating lymphocytes normally migrate through extravascular spaces in relatively low numbers as important members of the immunosurveillance process. That is until signals are received by endothelial cells that there is an underlying infection or inflammatory condition. These vascular surface cells in turn overexpress and present ligands to circulating lymphocyte adhesion molecules. Upon encountering this higher density of ligands, lymphocytes, which had been leisurely rolling along the vascular surface, now become more firmly attached, change shape, and migrate through tight junctions to the sites of infection or inflammation. If the initiating events are not resolved and the condition becomes chronic, there can be a sustained extravasation of lymphocytes that can exacerbate the inflammatory condition, which in turn will continue to recruit more inflammatory cells resulting in unwanted tissue destruction. It is for the attenuation of this cycle of sustained inflammatory cell recruitment that very late activating antigen-4 (VLA-4) antagonists are being developed. Most lymphocytes, except neutrophils, express VLA-4 on their surface and they interact with endothelial vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). It is this interaction that VLA-4 antagonists are intended to disrupt, thus, putting an end to the cycle of chronic inflammation, which is the hallmark of many diseases. This review will provide an update of VLA-4 antagonists that have appeared since early 2001 and will discuss some of the issues, both positive and negative, that may be encountered in their development.
Predictive simulation of microdevices and microsystems: The basis of virtual prototyping (2004)

The rapid progress in microsystems technology is increasingly supported by MEMS-specific modeling methodologies and dedicated simulation tools. These do not only enable the visualization of fabrication processes and operational principles, but they also assist the designer in making decisions with a view to finding optimized microstructures under technological and economical constraints. Currently strong efforts are being made towards simulation platforms for the predictive simulation of microsystems, i.e. the "virtual fabrication" and "virtual experimentation and characterization" on the computer. We discuss the most important aspects to be focussed on and practicable methodologies for microdevice and system modeling, in particular the consistent treatment of coupled fields and coupled domains required for setting up physically-based models for full system mixed-level simulation, and for the reliable validation and accurate calibration of the models.
Design and Implementation of a P2P Resource Sharing System Based on Metadata Catalog (2016)

How to achieve high efficiency of resource sharing and accessing is a hot and difficult point in the field of P2P. It is also a hot and difficult point in the entire distributed computing field. Resource sharing protocol design, user access control, user incentive strategy, common resource description and good scalability are the problems to deal with when sharing system is designed an implemented. This paper presents a metadata catalog-based resource sharing system called PTP. The system manages and query for resources through metadata catalog. And the users release and request resources through access proxy. Two stage authorization mechanisms based on roles are designed to for security control in the paper. In order to encourage users to contribute to the system, the service which the user can enjoyed is decided by his contribution to the system. Finally the system is tested in the Internet simulated environment.
PROPERTY Commercial Real Estate Broker Lien Act: Provide for Civil Actions to Enforce Liens of Commercial Real Estate Brokers (1993)

The Act authorizes commercial real estate brokers to execute liens on commercial real estate arising out of a listing or any other agreement for the management, sale, or lease of commercial real estate. The Act permits real estate brokers to commence civil actions to enforce such liens and provides for the attachment of liens, the recording of claims for the liens, and the method for providing notice of the liens. The Act provides for escrow accounts in connection with claims for liens, for pleadings relating to these matters, and for release or extinguishment of such liens.
An Improved Zero-Voltage Switching Inverter Using Two Coupled Magnetics in One Resonant Pole (2009)

A novel soft-switching inverter using two small coupled magnetics in one resonant pole is proposed to ensure the main switches operating at zero-voltage switching from zero load to full load and the auxiliary switches at zero-current switching with load adaptability and small current stress. Since independent coupled magnetics structure avoids the unwanted magnetizing current freewheeling loop, the size of the coupled magnetics can be minimized with low magnetizing inductance, and the saturable inductor can be eliminated. Detailed circuit operation is described, and voltage-second balance condition of the magnetics is expressed mathematically. A 4-kW hardware prototype has been designed, fabricated, and tested to verify the validity of the novel circuit and the improved performance of the proposed soft-switching inverter. Experimental results show an excellent agreement with analytical results. Since the measured efficiency from 20% to 100% load consistently shows above 97.8% and peaks at 98.2%, the proposed inverter is very attractive for high-efficiency applications where energy saving is a major concern.
Ultrasonic absorption study of microemulsions in ternary and pseudoternary systems (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUltrasonic absorption study of microemulsions in ternary and pseudoternary systemsJ. Lang, A. Djavanbakht, and R. ZanaCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1980, 84, 12, 1541–1547Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100449a022https://doi.org/10.1021/j100449a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views114Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Advance Medical Directives in West Virginia, Part Two (1992)

Incapacitated and non-competent are used interchangeably in this article.The Natural Death Act refers to "incapacity" but most reported cases and commentators refer to "non-competent" individuals.8.There is a good deal of dispute as to whether it is proper to characterize death as "resulting" from the withdrawal of certain procedures, or from the underlying pathology.For example, some argue that, for patients dependent upon artificial means for nutrition and hydration, any death that follows the withdrawal of the support results from the underlying pathology, not the withdrawal of the support.In this view, death results from the inability to eat or drink, not from the withdrawal of the support.This position is adopted in many cases involving withdrawal of nutrition and hydration.E.g., McConnell v. Beverly Enterprises, Conn., Inc., 553 A.2d 596, 605 (Conn.1989) (agreeing with "majority of jurisdictions" that removal of artificial feeding tube is not a "death producing agent" and holding that "death will be by natural causes underlying the disease").Accord Bouvia v. Superior Court, 225 Cal.Rptr.297, 306 (Cal.Ct.App.1986); Brophy v. New England Sinai Hospital, Inc., 497 N.E.2d 626, 638 (Mass.1986).In discussing treatment that "results" in death, the author does not intend to take sides on the question of the proper characterization in areas of dispute;
Capacitive Biosensor for Glutathione Detection Based on Electropolymerized Molecularly Imprinted Polymer and Kinetic Investigation of the Recognition Process (2005)

Abstract A novel capacitive biosensor based on electropolymerized molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) for glutathione detection is reported. The capacitive sensor was prepared by electropolymerizing o ‐phenylenediamine ( o‐ PD) on a self‐assembled 2‐mercaptoethane sulfonate (MES) monolayer modified gold electrode in the presence of template glutathione. 1‐Dodecanethiol was used to block the defect of polymer film to improve its dielectric performance. Hydrolization procedure was selected to remove the template thoroughly for better sensitivity. The dielectric property of the sensitive layer was characterized by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The linear response range of the sensor for glutathione was between 0.025 and 0.30 mmol L −1 with a detection limit of 1.25×10 −3 mmol L −1 . Satisfactory results were obtained in the direct detection of real samples. The selectivity was evaluated by capacitance selective coefficient of glutathione and other compounds. The kinetic aspects of the recognition process were investigated by capacitive transduction. A two‐step kinetic model was derived to describe the interaction between analyte and imprint sites. Fitted results were well in agreement with the corresponding experimental results.
A Survey of Full Length Nonlinear Shift Register Cycle Algorithms (1982)

Shift registers have been used to generate sequences of 0’s and 1’s for over thirty years. A wide variety of applications has been made of these sequences. Principally, communications have made use of the sequences generated. One particular class of shift register sequences for which applications exist is the full length nonlinear shift register sequences. These sequences are periodic and of length $2^n $ and all $2^n $ different binary n-tuples appear exactly one time in a periodic portion of the sequence. In this paper we discuss various algorithms which have been suggested for generating these sequences.
Discrete Flows: Invertible Generative Models of Discrete Data (2019)

While normalizing flows have led to significant advances in modeling high-dimensional continuous distributions, their applicability to discrete distributions remains unknown. In this paper, we show that flows can in fact be extended to discrete events---and under a simple change-of-variables formula not requiring log-determinant-Jacobian computations. Discrete flows have numerous applications. We consider two flow architectures: discrete autoregressive flows that enable bidirectionality, allowing, for example, tokens in text to depend on both left-to-right and right-to-left contexts in an exact language model; and discrete bipartite flows that enable efficient non-autoregressive generation as in RealNVP. Empirically, we find that discrete autoregressive flows outperform autoregressive baselines on synthetic discrete distributions, an addition task, and Potts models; and bipartite flows can obtain competitive performance with autoregressive baselines on character-level language modeling for Penn Tree Bank and text8.
A comparison of bovine seminal quality assessments using different viewing chambers with a computer-assisted semen analyzer1 (2010)

Computer-assisted sperm analysis of fresh and frozen-thawed bovine sperm requires proper handling and preparation, and the type of slide used in the assessment is critical if the resultant data are to be useful quality control measurements. In the present study, 4 different slide viewing chambers, a Makler chamber, a clean slide-coverslip, or a 2- or 4-cell chamber Leja slide, were compared with assess their utility in providing reliable measurements of sperm motility variables. A Hamilton-Thorne IVOS Computer-Assisted Semen Analyzer (CASA) was the instrument used to determine sperm measurements utilizing the 4 different chambers. Fifty-eight different freeze batches of bovine semen that had been collected from 47 bulls at 7 sites that sex-sort sperm using Sexing Technologies sorting criteria were incorporated into the trial. Neither the percentage of motile sperm nor the percentage of progressively motile sperm differed for the Makler chamber vs. slide-coverslip comparisons. Similarly, total and progressively motile sperm did not differ between the 2- and 4-cell chambered Leja slides. However, total and progressive motility of sperm determined with the Makler chamber and slide-coverslip were greater (P < 0.0001) than motilities recorded by the 2- or 4-cell chambered Leja slides. Based on the results, the type of viewing chamber can affect the range of sperm motility values when CASA is used for quality control evaluations of thawed, cryopreserved sex-sorted sperm samples.
Zur Detonationsphysik fester und flüssiger Sprengstoffe (1953)

Der Wärmeübergang von der Flamme an ihre eigenen Nahrungsstoffe erfolgt bei mäßigen Reaktionstemperaturen überwiegend durch Wärmeleitung, bei hohen Flammentemperaturen wird dafür Lumineszenzstrahlung angenommen. Deren Intensitäten erlauben die Vorstellung, daß selbst feste und flüssige Sprengstoffe vor der Detonationswelle verdampfen, so daß sich die Theorie der Detonation vorgemischter Gase auch auf solche Sprengstoffe übertragen ließe. Mit dieser Theorie kann man die Detonation als Phänomen der thermischen Verstopfung verstehen, wobei die Detonationsmachzahl durch die Höhe der chemischen Aufheizung bestimmt wird.
Reducing Human Apolipoprotein E Levels Attenuates Age-Dependent Aβ Accumulation in Mutant Human Amyloid Precursor Protein Transgenic Mice (2012)

Apolipoprotein E4 (apoE4) plays a major role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Brain amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation depends on age and apoE isoforms (apoE4 > apoE3) both in humans and in transgenic mouse models. Brain apoE levels are also isoform dependent, but in the opposite direction (apoE4 < apoE3). Thus, one prevailing hypothesis is to increase brain apoE expression to reduce Aβ levels. To test this hypothesis, we generated mutant human amyloid precursor protein transgenic mice expressing one or two copies of the human APOE3 or APOE4 gene that was knocked in and flanked by LoxP sites. We report that reducing apoE3 or apoE4 expression by 50% in 6-month-old mice results in efficient Aβ clearance and does not increase Aβ accumulation. However, 12-month-old mice with one copy of the human APOE gene had significantly reduced Aβ levels and plaque loads compared with mice with two copies, regardless of which human apoE isoform was expressed, suggesting a gene dose-dependent effect of apoE on Aβ accumulation in aged mice. Additionally, 12-month-old mice expressing one or two copies of the human APOE4 gene had significantly higher levels of Aβ accumulation and plaque loads than age-matched mice expressing one or two copies of the human APOE3 gene, suggesting an isoform-dependent effect of apoE on Aβ accumulation in aged mice. Moreover, Cre-mediated APOE4 gene excision in hippocampal astrocytes significantly reduced insoluble Aβ in adult mice. Thus, reducing, rather than increasing, apoE expression is an attractive approach to lowering brain Aβ levels.
Kernel Smoothing (1994)

Kernel smoothing refers to a general methodology for recovery of underlying structure in data sets. The basic principle is that local averaging or smoothing is performed with respect to a kernel function.This book provides uninitiated readers with a feeling for the principles, applications, and analysis of kernel smoothers. This is facilita
Bayesian Inference in Econometric Models Using Monte Carlo Integration (1989)

Methods for the systematic application of Monte Carlo integration with importance sampling to Bayesian inference in econometric models are developed. Conditions under which the numerical approximation of a posterior moment converges almost surely to the true value as the number of Monte Carlo replications increases, and the numerical accuracy of this approximation may be assessed reliably, are set forth. Methods for the analytical verification of these conditions are discussed