gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MATERIAL GENÉTICO HUMANO E SUA PATENTE (2014)

O presente artigo cientifico tem como  tema central a possibilidade ou nao de ser patenteado o material genetico humano. Para tanto, procurou dar enfase a alguns principios e direitos constitucionalmente assegurados pela Constituicao da Republica, bem como estabelecendo alguns conceitos sobre bioetica e propriedade imaterial, em especial a propriedade intelectual e patentes de invencoes.  O presente trabalho visa expor, atraves de uma pesquisa doutrinaria e legislativa, a necessidade e a possibilidade de uma protecao do material genetico humano, como forma de impedir o uso irrestrito e indevido dessas informacoes, visando preservar o direito a privacidade, a protecao da identidade humana, a ausencia de discriminacao e o principio da dignidade da pessoa humana, mas tambem descrevendo a importância da pesquisa cientifica na area da medicina genetica para o avanco da humanidade.
Compensation of Frequency-Dependent Gain/Phase Imbalance in Predistortion Linearization Systems (2008)

Impairments in the analog quadrature modulator can adversely impact the performance of a digital predistortion linearization system. In this paper, we focus on modeling and compensation of frequency-dependent gain/phase imbalance and dc offset when the input and output of the direct upconverter are available. We first propose channel models to describe the effects of these impairments on transmitted I/Q data streams. We then develop algorithms to estimate the parameters of these channel models and to construct I/Q compensators. Performance of the algorithms and the I/Q compensators is shown in conjunction with digital predistortion.
Elemental Imaging via Laser Ionization Orthogonal Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (2011)

An elemental imaging method using a laser ionization orthogonal time-of-flight mass spectrometer system was developed for the simultaneous detection of all metal and nonmetal elements. The instrument control and data processing were realized by self-developed programs. This system is capable of simultaneous detection of metal and nonmetal elements, with a spatial resolution of 50 μm, the lowest detection limits of 3 × 10(-7) g/g (Li), and a dynamic range of 7 orders of magnitude. Moreover, this technique does not require standards for quantitative analysis and can be a powerful and versatile tool for elemental imaging.
Bioavailability and<i>in vivo</i>antioxidant properties of lycopene from tomato products and their possible role in the prevention of cancer (1998)

Oxidative stress is recognized as one of the major contributors of increased risk of cancer. Many recent population studies have established a close link between dietary intake of tomatoes, a major source of the carotenoid antioxidant lycopene, and lowered risk of cancer. A study was conducted on 19 healthy human subjects to evaluate the uptake and in vivo antioxidant properties of lycopene, using a randomized, crossover design. Dietary lycopene was provided by tomato juice, spaghetti sauce, and tomato oleoresin for a period of one week each. Blood samples were collected at the end of each treatment. Serum lycopene was extracted and measured by high-performance liquid chromatography using an absorbance detector. Serum thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, protein thiols, and 8-oxodeoxyguanosine contents of lymphocyte DNA were assayed to measure lipid, protein, and DNA oxidation. Lycopene was the major carotenoid present in the serum. Dietary supplementation of lycopene resulted in a significant increase in serum lycopene level and diminished amounts of serum thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances. Although not statistically significant, a tendency of lowered protein and DNA oxidation was observed. There was also indication that the lycopene levels increased in a dose-dependent manner in the case of spaghetti sauce and tomato oleoresin. These results indicate that lycopene is readily absorbed from tomato products and may act as an in vivo antioxidant. It may, therefore, play an important role in the prevention of cancer.
Treatment with an AMPA Antagonist 12 Hours following Severe Normothermic Forebrain Ischemia Prevents CA<sub>1</sub> Neuronal Injury (1993)

The neuroprotective effects of 2,3-dihydroxy-6-nitro-7-sulfamoylbenzo( f)quinoxaline (NBQX), GYKI 52466, and MK-801 were tested following severe forebrain ischemia. Wistar rats were subjected to 10 min of normothermic ischemia and reperfused for 7 days. Necrotic hippocampal CA 1 neurons were counted and expressed as a percentage (mean ± SD). In Experiment 1, saline-treated rats sustained 81 ± 20% damage to dorsal CA 1 . Rats given NBQX 30 mg/kg i.p. x 3 lost 21 ± 27% (p < 0.01). Neither MK-801 1 mg i.p. x 3 alone, nor in combination with the cytoprotective dose of NBQX protected CA 1 , with 83 ± 18 and 54 ± 34% damage, respectively (NS). Giving NBQX 90 mg/kg i.v. did not protect cells (94 ± 5%) and resulted in nephrotoxicity. In Experiment 2, rats were given saline or three doses of NBQX 30 mg/kg i.p. immediately at reperfusion (RP) or after a 6-, 12-, or 24-h delay. Saline-treated rats suffered 79 ± 16% injury. NBQX given immediately resulted in 17 ± 17% injury, and even if treatment was delayed by either 6 or 12 h, there was marked protection with only 27 ± 32 and 25 ± 17% injury, respectively (all p < 0.01). Delaying the initiation of treatment to 24 h was not successful, resulting in 50 ± 28% injury (NS). In Experiment 3, saline-treated rats lost 81 ± 19% of CA 1 cells, while those given GYKI 52466 10 mg/kg i.p. x 5 starting immediately following RP lost 80 ± 14%. Blocking α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA) receptors with NBQX postischemia is highly efficacious, indicating that delayed degeneration of CA 1 cells is AMPA rather than N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-linked and is reversible for CA 1 cells for at least 12 h.
A wearable folding display for self-expression (2006)

This paper proposes the design rationale of a wearable display that is able to convey the behavioral typology of its wearers by merging insights from wearable computing, aesthetic visualization, and electronic fashion. This display acts as an electronically enhanced and dynamically changing form of self-expression, which can be integrated with daily clothing. The data mapping approach is based on historical behavior data retrieved via built-in accelerometer, microphone and infrared sensors. By aesthetical encrypting this personal data, the actual meaning of the display can only be interpreted by people that are intrinsically motivated to learn it, and have had a long-term exposure to it. Conceptually, the display is based on the dynamic folding of consecutive layers of fabric, which creates emergent visual patterns that subtly change over time. A first prototype has been implemented which will ultimately lead to a deployment of several interconnected devices in a real social context, to evaluate its social acceptance and its effectiveness in augmenting human self-expression and promoting social networking.
Tire damage image recognition based on improved convolutional neural network (2020)

In the application of tire damage image recognition, the use of convolutional neural network to train the model needs to extract the feature information of the tire image, and when judging the feature information, it is prone to overfitting, which reduces the training accuracy of the algorithm. To solve this problem, an image recognition algorithm based on convolutional neural network and ridge regression analysis is proposed. A new regular term is introduced into the original loss function of the algorithm, in order to change the ratio of the two parts in the new loss function, and reduce the jitter of the fitted curve of the feature information. Finally, it is verified through experiments that the improved convolutional neural network algorithm can improve the training accuracy and image recognition rate of tire damaged images.
Alternative medicine: an attractive nuisance. (1998)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1998.16.1.1 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 9440714 Alternative medicine: an attractive nuisance. J R DurantxJ R DurantSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1998.16.1.1 PDF "Alternative medicine: an attractive nuisance.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 16(1), pp. 1–2© 1998 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
TUDIES ON THE FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF HOP EXTRACT (1995)

Studies on fatty acids composition of hop extract obtained from Vurtenberg hop by extraction with a threecomponent mixture was carried out. It has been established that the content of fatty acids in hop extract is 0.3% ±5%. Fatty acids composition was determined by Gas-chromatographic analysis. The presence of the following unsaturated fatty acids has been proven: C16:1; C18:1; C18:2; C18:3; C20:1 which represent about 40% of the general content of fatty acids in the extract.
Visual evoked potentials in man, new developments : methodology of patterned visual stimulation ; neurophysiology of visual functions in man : clinical applications (1977)

Methodology of patterned visual stimulation; Neurophysiology of visual functions in man; clinical applications.
The Single European Market: National or Euro-Brands? (1991)

The Single European Market seems inevitable and beneficial to commerce. Its full implementation will be delayed long after 1992, because of many remaining fiscal, legal and operational problems, not least of which will be the lack of harmonization of consumers. Prospects nevertheless appear good both for some traditional local brands and for new Euro-brands aimed at satisfying needs held by majorities (or even quite small minorities) across Europe. This paper reviews alternative marketing approaches that might be profitable, and the organizational changes needed to implement them successfully.
Economic and experimental analysis and design of auction-based online mercantile processes (1999)

Traditionally, the posted-price based electronic catalog process has served as the mechanism of choice for conducting electronic commerce activity on the web. Increasingly, business auctions are gaining popularity as an efficient and flexible on-line mercantile channel. We characterize the various dimensions of online auctions and focus our attention on the business-to-consumer (B2C) dimension. Typically, such auctions sell multiple-units of identical products. However, much of traditional auction theory has focussed on analyzing single-item auctions. We demonstrate the lack of applicability of single-item results in multi-item settings. We derive a general expression that characterizes the multiple equilibria that can arise in such auctions and segregate these into desirable and undesirable categories. Additionally, we show that number of such equilibria grows combinatorially with the number of items being sold. ^ Using empirical data from real-world online auctions we sift through the multitude of decision variables that auctioneers could control and identify the bid-increment as the key revenue impacting one. ^ We also present the first ever categorization of consumer bidding strategies in online auctions, and study the interaction between the bid-increment and such strategies. With a motive of providing concrete strategic directions to online auctioneers we derive an upper bound beyond which the bid-increment should not be set. Empirical evidence shows in retrospect that setting a bid increment higher than the upper bound has a negative impact on auctioneer's revenue. Finally, we discuss a controlled laboratory experiment that utilizes salient monetary incentives and allows us to further test our analytical and empirical findings. ^
Fundamentals of SO2 depolarized water electrolysis and challenges of materials used (2013)

Sulfur dioxide depolarized water electrolysis (SDE) produces sulfuric acid and hydrogen. Due to its lower cell voltage, the process requires far less electricity than traditional water electrolysis. When SO2 is obtained from flash smelting, sulfides roasting, sulfur combustion, or any other similar operation, SDE is a part of the OutotecR open cycle process.\nIn the present work, materials to be used in SDE were studied together with the fundamentals of the process. Data on the co-production of concentrated acid and hydrogen are scarce in the earlier literature. Theoretical modeling work covering the entire concentration range was deemed necessary in addition to experimental testing to settle this issue. Based on the literature concerning PEM Fuel Cells, it was assumed that the water transport properties of the membrane used as a separator in the electrolysis have a significant effect on the water balance.\nThe activities of the electrolyte components were calculated for the whole concentration range of the ternary H2O-H2SO4-SO2 system relevant for the SDE process using a mathematical model elaborated during the present work. The calculated activities were combined with the model for water transport through a Nafion membrane, and an overall model for SDE was built. The reversible cell potential was calculated for the entire concentration range. The model was used to predict the overall water balance of the electrolysis process with changing electrolyte concentrations.\nThe stability of thin gold coatings and their activity towards electrochemical oxidation of SO2 were studied first in autoclave tests and with linear sweep voltammetry, and the performance of the coatings was compared to that of gold. Next, the performance of the gold-coated electrodes was tested in bench-scale SDE. Even though the oxidation of SO2 has previously been studied on gold, such experiments have seldom been carried out in as high concentrations of sulfuric acid as in this work, and the results obtained with gold coatings are believed to be original. The modeling results were compared with the actual performance of the electrolyzer.\nBased on the combined results of the experimental and theoretical work, it was possible to explain and predict the remarkable changes in the SDE process that take place with changing electrolyte concentrations. A significant amount of water is transported from the anolyte to the catholyte through the membrane due to the electro-osmotic water drag effect. This phenomenon is beneficial for the production or concentration of sulfuric acid by SO2 depolarized electrolysis. Thin gold coatings on stainless steel surface can be used to catalyze the anodic oxidation of SO2, and similar electrodes can be used as cathodes.
Methodological Issues in Lipid Bilayer Simulations (2003)

Methodological issues in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, such as the treatment of long-range electrostatic interactions or the type of pressure coupling, have important consequences for the equilibrium properties observed. We report a series of long (up to 150 ns) MD simulations of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) bilayers in which the methodology of simulation is systematically varied. Comparisons of simulations with truncation schemes, Ewald summations, and modified Coulomb interactions, either by shift functions or reaction field models, to describe long-range electrostatics point out the artifacts inherent in each of these methods and above all those of straight cutoff methods. We further show that bilayer properties are less sensitive to the details of the pressure-coupling algorithm and that an increased integration time step of 5 fs can be safely used in simulations of phosphatidylcholine lipid bilayers.
An improved method for isolation and culture of pigment epithelial cells from rat retina (1991)

An improved method for isolation and culture of pigment epithelial cells from normal rat retinas is described. Following a brief incubation in the neutral protease Dispase, large epithelial sheets can be harvested rapidly. The separation of the choroid from the pigment epithelium prior to retinal detachment greatly reduces the risk of contamination of the cultures with choroidal cells. Growth of pigment epithelial cells on Matrigel-coated microporous filters in hormonally-defined medium allows for development of high levels of transepithelial electrical resistance as well as for preservation of the differentiated pigment epithelial cell phenotype. This method should be useful for studies of pigment epithelial cell permeability and structural differentiation in vitro.
A recursive algorithm for the Bayes solution of the smoothing problem (1981)

The optimum fixed interval smoothing problem is solved using a Bayesian approach, assuming that the signal is Markov and is corrupted by independent noise (not necessarily additive). A recursive algorithm to compute the a posteriori smoothed density is obtained. Using this recursive algorithm, the smoothed estimate of a binary Markov signal corrupted by an independent noise in a nonlinear manner is determined demonstrating that the Bayesian approach presented in this paper is not restricted to the Gauss-Markov problem.
NAT Issues in the Remote Management of Home Network Devices (2008)

Currently, many customer devices are being connected to home networks. For this reason, it is expected that device management capabilities will be a powerful instrument for the service provider to cope with high maintenance costs, security concerns, and management issues related to home networks. Through DM, the service provider could provide valuable services such as auto-provisioning, remote configuration, firmware and software updates, diagnostics, monitoring, scheduling, and fraud management. However, network address translators that are widely deployed in the home network environment prohibit DM operations from reaching user devices behind the NAT. In this article, we focus on NAT issues in the management of home network devices. Specifically, we discuss efforts relating to standardization and present our proposal to deploy DM services for VoIP and IPTV devices behind NATs. By slightly changing the behavior of Simple Network Management Protocol managers and agents and by defining additional management objects (MOs) to gather NAT binding information, we could solve the NAT traversal problem under a symmetric NAT. Moreover, we propose an enhanced method to search for the UDP hole binding time of the NAT box. For evaluation, we applied our method to 22 randomly selected VoIP devices out of 194 NATed hosts in the real broadband network and achieved a success ratio of 99 percent for exchanging SNMP request messages and a 26 percent enhancement in determining the UDP hole binding time.
Transmembrane movement of phosphatidylglycerol and diacylglycerol sulfhydryl analogs (1984)

Transmembrane movement of phospholipids is a fundamental step in the process of biological membrane assembly and intracellular lipid sorting. To facilitate study of transmembrane movement, we have synthesized analogues of phosphatidylglycerol and diacylglycerol in which a sulfhydryl group replaces a hydroxyl group in the polar head group. A rapid, continuous assay for the movement of phospholipids across single-walled lipid vesicles was developed that exploits the reactivity of these analogues toward 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB), a nonpenetrating, colorimetric, sulfhydryl reagent. In the reaction of DTNB with vesicles containing phosphatidylthioglycerol, a phosphatidylglycerol analogue, two kinetic phases were seen, which represent the reaction of DTNB with phosphatidylthioglycerol in the outer and inner leaflets of the bilayer. Analysis of the slow second phase indicated that the half-time for phosphatidylthioglycerol transbilayer movement was in excess of 8 days. In a similar experiment using dioleoylthioglycerol, a diacylglycerol analogue, the reaction was complete within 15 s. The large difference in translocation rates between these two lipids indicates that the primary barrier to transmembrane movement is the polar head group and implies that phospholipid translocation events in biological membranes may not be unlike those for molecules similar to the polar head groups alone.
The Role of Tau Oligomers in the Onset of Alzheimer's Disease Neuropathology (2014)

Most neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the presence of protein aggregates. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in people over age 60. One of the histopathological hallmarks of AD is the presence of tau protein aggregates. Historically, it has been thought that paired helical filaments (PHFs) were the toxic form of tau that assembled to form neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), but recently there has been evidence that tau oligomers, which form before PHFs and NFTs, could be the structures mediating neurodegeneration even before the fibrillary tau is deposited. Here, we discuss the recent advances in tau oligomer research, their implications on AD and other tauopathies, the mechanisms of tau turnover by the principal protein clearance systems (the proteasome and autophagy), and the potential use of tau oligomers as drug targets for the development of new therapeutic approaches.
Refrigeration & air conditioning technology : concepts, procedures, and troubleshooting techniques (2000)

Refrigeration & air conditioning technology:concepts,procedure & Troubleshooting techniges , Refrigeration & air conditioning technology:concepts,procedure & Troubleshooting techniges , کتابخانه الکترونیک و دیجیتال - آذرسا
Otsu Based Optimal Multilevel Image Thresholding Using Firefly Algorithm (2014)

Histogram based multilevel thresholding approach is proposed using Brownian distribution (BD) guided firefly algorithm (FA). A bounded search technique is also presented to improve the optimization accuracy with lesser search iterations. Otsu’s between-class variance function is maximized to obtain optimal threshold level for gray scale images. The performances of the proposed algorithm are demonstrated by considering twelve benchmark images and are compared with the existing FA algorithms such as Lévy flight (LF) guided FA and random operator guided FA. The performance assessment comparison between the proposed and existing firefly algorithms is carried using prevailing parameters such as objective function, standard deviation, peak-to-signal ratio (PSNR), structural similarity (SSIM) index, and search time of CPU. The results show that BD guided FA provides better objective function, PSNR, and SSIM, whereas LF based FA provides faster convergence with relatively lower CPU time.
Using dynamic voltage scaling for energy-efficient flash-based storage devices (2010)

NAND flash memory is commonly known as a power-efficient storage medium. Because of the increasing complexity of flash-based storage devices, however, it is more difficult to achieve good power-efficiency without considering an energy-efficient storage device design. In this paper, we investigate the potential benefit of dynamic voltage/frequency scaling (DVFS) on the energy-efficiency of flash-based storage devices. We first develop a performance/power model for a flash device by using an FPGA-based flash device platform. We then propose a simple DVFS heuristic algorithm that exploits workload fluctuations of a flash device to achieve a significant reduction in energy consumption without performance degradation. Experimental results show that a flash device with DVFS can reduce energy consumption by up to 20%-30%.