gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prospecting for Precision: Promises for Personalized Medicine (2016)

In this issue of The Journal , co–first authors Kim, Bang, and colleagues present provocative data suggesting an association with the clinical response to cyclophosphamide (CYC) therapy in patients with active lupus nephritis: whether administered according to the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) regimen of monthly intravenous doses or according to the Euro-Lupus biweekly schedule, response to CYC is associated with single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the telomeric end of the FCGR gene cluster adjacent to FCGR2B on chromosome 1q231. The FCGR2B gene encodes the cell surface receptor, FcγRIIb (CD32B), which is the only Fcγ receptor with a tyrosine-based inhibitory motif in the human genome. The prospect of genetically based personalized, precision medicine coming to rheumatologic conditions apart from certain autoinflammatory and rare disease states2 and specific considerations in pharmacogenomics3 is very appealing and holds high promise for the future. The reasonable question is whether we have arrived or have more to do. The study by Kim and Bang’s group defines complete, partial, and non-responsiveness to CYC and relates these clinical categories to nearly 500,000 SNP in germline DNA obtained in a genome-wide association study. The technology is powerful and continues to advance with more densely featured SNP genotyping arrays and even with whole-genome sequencing, which is now both technically and financially within reach. Thus, the … Address correspondence to Dr. R.P. Kimberly; E-mail: rpk{at}uab.edu
Scoring of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Immunohistochemistry on Cytology Cell Block Specimens in Non–Small Cell Lung Carcinoma (2020)

There is substantial agreement in PD-L1 IHC scoring in cytology CB specimens among cytopathologists. Additional expertise in pulmonary pathology, sample collection type, and CB cellularity have no statistically significant impact on interobserver agreement.
Effects of Co-Occurring Depression on Treatment for Anxiety Disorders (2012)

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00347269.
Impact of Steinernema riobravis (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) on the Control of Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Corn (1995)

The efficacy of using an endemic entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema riobravis Cabanillas, Poinar & Raulston, prepupal and pupal populations of com earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), in the soil was evaluated. The optimum timing of nematode soil application in relation to larval exit from the com ear, the effects of nematode concentration, introduction method, and persistence on control of com earworm were determined. Better parasitism resulted when S. riobravis infective juveniles were applied on the subsurface + surface (81%) than when they were applied on the soil surface alone (45%), in the greenhouse. Striking results were obtained with 2 billion nematodes per ha applied when 10% of the com earworms had exited the ear to pupate or when 50% of the com earworms had developed to large larvae. This resulted in 95 and 100% parasitism, respectively. A low rate of parasitism (22%) was observed in plots that received nematodes when 40% of the com earworm had developed to medium size larvae. Parasitism in all plots that received nematodes was higher than the 11% natural parasitism observed in control plots. S. riobravis persisted (22%) in this sandy clay loam soil during the 75-d period field evaluations. These findings show the potential of using S. riobravis for soil application in source areas where the com acts as nursery crop to suppress the build-up of com earworm adult populations.
Imaging with bispecific antimyosin Fab-anti-DTPA Fab and Tc-99m polymers to demonstrate reduction of doxorubicin cardiotoxicity using polymer-drug conjugates (2012)

461 Objectives The limitation of doxorubicin (Dox) for optimal chemotherapy is its cardiotoxicity. Covalent conjugation of Dox to polymers have reduced its cardiotoxicity. A bispecific anti-myosin Fab-anti-DTPA Fab (bsAM-AD) was used to pretarget and cardiotoxicity was imaged by targeting Tc-99m-labeled DTPA-succinyl polylysine polymers (DSPL). Methods Balb/c mice were injected i.v. with 10 mg/kg Dox or equivalent DTPA Dox-polyglutamic acid polymers (D-Dox-PGA) biweekly for 3 doses. Mice injected with Dox died by day 20. Therefore, 4 mice from this group were pretargeted with bsAM-AD (10 μg) on day 6 and imaged with Tc-99m DSPL(37 MBq) on day 7. D-Dox PGA and control mice were imaged on day 27 and 38. Total body weight (TBW) was measured daily for all surviving mice. Results About 15 % loss of TBW occurred in Dox treated mice in 18 days (84.17 % of starting TBW) and all died by 20 days. D-Dox-PGA group showed no loss of total body weight for the length of the experiment (100.3% at 18 days and 100.4% at 38 days). Untreated control TBW at 18 and 38 days were 114.4% and 106.8% respectively). bsAM-AD /Tc-99m DSPL images showed unequivocal cardiac activity in the Dox group (1.90+0.25 %ID/g). D-Dox-PGA mice (0.40+/-0.04 %) had lower cardiac activity than the Dox group(p Conclusions D-Dox-PGA has been demonstrated to target HER2 receptor positive human mammary tumor xenografts after pretargeting with HER2 specific bsAb complexes. This study reports the reduction of cardiotoxicity with D-Dox-PGA relative to Dox administration by pretargeted imaging with bsAM-AD and Tc-99m-DSPL. Cummulative equivalent dose of 4 times the MTD (7.5 mg/kg) of Dox, was well tolerated by the experimental mice
Link-Quality Aware Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing Protocol (2006)

Current ad hoc wireless routing protocols typically select the route with the shortest-path or minimum hop count to the destination. However, routes chosen according to such criteria tend to include longer hop-length links with possibly bad signal quality. It is expected that the routing protocol can be improved by eliminating the usage of routes with bad links. In this work, we modify the ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) routing protocol to avoid routing through bad quality links. We also integrate the "hand-off" concept into our protocol to prevent link breakages during route maintenance. The herein reported OPNET simulation results seem very promising and they show that our protocol introduces a much lower routing overhead while still providing equal or better performance than the original AODV protocol in terms of throughput and delay.
Phytoecdysteroids in the Genus <i>Microsorum</i> (Polypodiaceae) of French Polynesia (2007)

A chemical survey of the six species of Microsorum in French Polynesia has been performed to determine and quantify the phytoecdysteroids. The content and composition of these compounds in the fronds of each of the six species were established. The highest concentrations of ecdysteroids were found in M. membranifolium (1.6% w/w) and M. scolopendria (0.47%), used in Polynesian traditional medicine. Seven phytoecdysteroids were quantified in these species and the major components were ecdysone, 20-hydroxyecdysone, and 2-deoxy-20-hydroxyecdysone, besides the minor ones (inokosterone, makisterone A, makisterone C, and 2-deoxyecdysone). Both the fronds of M. membranifolium and the rhizomes of M. scolopendria grown in French Polynesia could be considered as uncommonly rich sources of ecdysteroids.
Presymptomatic cognitive and neuroanatomical changes in genetic frontotemporal dementia in the Genetic Frontotemporal dementia Initiative (GENFI) study: a cross-sectional analysis (2015)

Centres of Excellence in Neurodegeneration.
Observations sur la diversite des Sapotaceae de la flore naturelle de la Cote d'Ivoire (2001)

Observations sur la diversité des Sapotaceae de la flore naturelle de la Côte d'Ivoire, Systematics and Geography of Plants, Vol. 71, No. 2, Plant Systematics and Phytogeography for the Understanding of African Biodiversity (2001), pp. 187-195
New Gas Hydrate Inhibitors for Deepwater Drilling Fluids (1998)

Low density gas hydrate suppressive drilling fluids have been developed for deepwater applications. These fluids utilize low molecular weight organic compounds for gas hydrate inhibition. Fluid densities as low as 9. 11b/gal can be designed for fluids with gas hydrate suppression greater than 30 F relative to water. These fluids are especially suited for use when low fracture gradients are encountered while drilling intervals where gas hydrate formation in the drilling fluid is possible. In addition, these additives provide greater gas hydrate suppression to drilling fluids than that provided by conventional thermodynamic gas hydrate inhibitors.P. 201
<title>Wideband Optical Disc Data Recorder Systems</title> (1980)

This paper describes a wideband optical disc, digital recorder/playback system, the disc itself, test results, applications and future improvements. Recording is accomplished with a modulated laser beam, positioned on the disc by a track mirror and a focus lens. Playback is done at a reduced constant light level. A servo maintains precision focus of the laser spot on the microscopically uneven disc surface. Fine tracking is obtained by a dither track servo. A trilayer antireflection disc structure provides high optical and thermal efficiency, very high sensitivity and signal to noise ratio, and has the potential for low fabrication cost. Record/playback data rates of 50 Mb/s and data densities of 10<sup>11</sup> bits per disc side have been demonstrated. Optical disc configurations have been developed for three applications: a 400 Mb/s recorder/reproducer (using eight 50 Mb/s channels), and a 10<sup>13</sup> bit jukebox reader, and a 10<sup>14</sup> bit mass memory system (with a 3-second access time to any data record). Future systems will use laser diodes for both record and playback, allowing more compact designs with greater reliability and lower cost.
Cell type dependence of carbon based nanomaterial toxicity (2010)

Abstract Recent advances in nanotechnology led to the development of various nanostructures especially that of carbon‐based nanomaterials (CBNs) for industrial and biomedical uses. As a result, the production as well as the human exposure to these materials will increase in the future. Thus, it is primordial to also know the associated health hazards. We performed in vitro cell viability studies on different types of cultured cells exposed to multiwalled carbon nanotubes and carbon nanoparticles. Our work indicates that the tested materials are toxic and that the effects of materials are cell type dependent. Light microscopic observations of the cells when exposed to the highest dose of nanomaterials showed morphological alterations, which are characteristic for cell death, and were most pronounced in the case of macrophage cells. Further experiments are aimed at elucidating the mechanisms of toxicity of CBNs.
Glycosylphosphatidylinositol Anchors As Natural Immunological Adjuvants Derived From Protozoan Parasites (2006)

Parasitism involves an intimate association between two different organisms. The host provides food and shelter for the parasite, and may or may not be injured by the parasite. As well elaborated in the book Living Together by William Trager (), it is not in the best interest of the parasite to destroy the host. In the case of intracellular protozoan parasites that proliferate inside the vertebrate host cells, the immune system has a crucial role in controlling parasite replication and maintaining a balanced interaction between the parasite and the host, until the parasite encounters the transmitting vector or is shed to the environment to propagate its life cycle.
Less Frequent Opening of the Aortic Valve and a Continuous Flow Pump Are Risk Factors for Postoperative Onset of Aortic Insufficiency in Patients With a Left Ventricular Assist Device (2011)

AI, which is hemodynamically significant, develops after implantation of various types of LVADs. Physicians need to be more alert to the development of AI particularly with continuous flow devices.
The effect of primary and secondary immunization on the lymphoid tissues of the carp, <i>Cyprinus carpio</i> L (1982)

Mirror carp immunized with human gamma globulin (HGG) in Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) show a proliferative response involving cells whose cytoplasm stains deep red with methyl green-pyronin (pyroninophilic cells). This response occurs particularly in the haemopoietic parenchyma of the pronephros and mesonephros. It peaks at week 3, with the formation of clusters of pyroninophilic cells in the pronephros. Immunization with Aeromonas salmonicida elicited a less intense pyroninophilic response but caused a larger increase in pigment-containing cells. After a secondary immunization with HGG in FCA, a distinct response was observed in the spleen: Pyroninophilic cells collected within the ellipsoid sheaths in large numbers and formed nodules. The reticulum of such nodules acquired spherical proportions and resembled the white pulp reticulum of the tetrapod spleen. The roles of such pyroninophilic cells and the possibility that aggregations of them may be functionally analogous to homoiotherm germinal centres are discussed.
Environmental qualification of the protoflight MODIS instrument (1998)

A key milestone in NASA's Mission to Planet Earth project was achieved with the completion of Environmental Qualification testing of the Protoflight Model (PFM) Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument. Completing this task paved the way for MODIS to be integrated onto the EOS AM spacecraft which is to be launched as the keystone of the EOS system. Qualification of the PFM MODIS instrument required conducting an extensive test program in four different test facilities. Accomplishing environmental qualification testing, while meeting the stringent contamination and operational requirements for the MODIS instrument, required us to address a variety of issues and tasks. The main tasks included: developing special ground support test equipment, developing special tenting and handling equipment to protect the instrument from being contaminated during off-site environmental vibration an electromagnetic compatibility testing, designing and developing a state-of-the-art thermal-vacuum test chamber, and defining detailed test operations to fully characterize the instrument's electrical, optical and mechanical performance before, during and after each environmental test sequence. Selected penalty test were streamlined for characterizing the instrument whenever design changes or improved test techniques were incorporated to ensure all requirements had been met while maintaining a fully qualified instrument.
Similarity measures for short queries (1995)

Ad-hoc queries are usually short, of perhaps two to ten terms. However, in previous rounds of TREC we have concentrated on obtaining optimal performance for the long TREC topics. In this paper we investigate the behaviour of similarity measures on short queries, and show experimentally that two successful measures---which give similar, good performance on long TREC topics---do not work well for short queries. We explore methods for achieving greater effectiveness for short queries, and conclude that a successful approach is to combine these similarity measures with other evidence. We also briefly describe our experiments with the Spanish data. 1 Introduction Users of interactive text retrieval systems often pose short queries, typically of a few words only. Our experience with users of real systems who pose such queries is that they are unsatisfied with the behaviour of standard similarity measures such as cosine, reporting that the answers often have little apparent correspondence t...
<b>FruA, a putative transcription factor essential for the development of <i>Myxococcus xanthus</i></b> (1996)

A new developmental gene, fruA, of Myxococcus xanthus was cloned using a one-step cloning vector, TnV. DNA sequencing of the wild-type allele of the fruA gene indicated that the fruA gene encodes a protein of 229 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular weight of 24672. The deduced amino acid sequence of FruA protein showed similarity to those of many bacterial regulatory proteins carrying a DNA-binding helix-turn-helix motif. The transcription-initiation site of the fruA gene was determined by a primer-extension experiment. Development of M. xanthus cells with a disrupted fruA gene stopped at the stage of mound formation. Although cells were able to aggregate to form mounds, myxospores were not formed. By Northern and Western blot analysis, it was found that the fruA expression was not detected during vegetative growth but initiated at around 6 h and reached the highest level at 12 h after the onset of development. Expression of the fruA gene was dependent on the expression of asg, bsg, csg, dsg, and esg genes, indicating that a series of intercellular signalling is necessary for the expression of the fruA gene. The effects of the fruA mutation on beta-galactosidase expression of various developmentally regulated genes fused with the lacZ gene were analysed; three developmental lacZ fusions (omega 4469, omega 4273 and omega 4500) were either poorly induced or not induced at all, while three other lacZ fusions (omega 4408, omega 4521 and omega 4455) expressed at the early stage of development were normally induced but were unable to be repressed at a later stage of development as in the wild-type strain. Interestingly, in the fruA mutant, tps (the gene for protein S) was not activated. From these results together with analysis of the amino acid sequence of FruA, we propose that FruA is a putative transcription factor required for the development of M.xanthus.
OC14.05: Sonographic prediction of fetal macrosomia: the effect of model and threshold used (2010)

To compare the accuracy of 21 different sonographic models and abdominal circumference (AC) as a single measure for the prediction of fetal macrosomia (> 4000 g). We analyzed data from 4,765 weight estimations performed up to 3 days prior to delivery in an unselected population. Multiple gestations, birth weight < 500 g, gestational age < 24 weeks, pregnancies complicated by diabetes and fetal malformations were excluded. The accuracy of each model for prediction of macrosomia was calculated using several thresholds: 4000 g (or 360 mm for AC), the threshold obtained from the inflexion point in the ROC curve, and the threshold associated with the highest overall accuracy. The models were rank ordered from 1 (most accurate) to 22 (least accurate) using a composite score. 1) There was a considerable variation in the accuracy of the different models (in Table 1 values are presented as mean (range) of all models), 2) The use of different types of threshold resulted in significant differences in the performance of the different models (table). 3) Models based on three or four biometric indices were significantly more accurate than those based on two indices. 4) AC as a single measure was of relatively low accuracy in predicting macrosomia (rank order = 15). When macrosomia is suspected, models based on three or four biometric indices appear to be superior over those based on two indices or AC as a single measure. Model-specific threshold may provide better accuracy than the uniform use of the 4000 g threshold.
Incremental Reachability Index (2025)

We study the reachability problem in append-only DAGs: given two nodes u and v, is there a path from u to v? While the problem is linear in general, it can be answered faster by using a precomputed index, which gives a compressed representation of the transitive closure of the graph. Index algorithms are evaluated on three dimensions: the query time that the algorithm needs to answer whether there is a path from one node to another, the memory that the index uses per node, and the indexing time that is required to update the index when a node is added to the graph. In this paper, we combine Jagadish’s static index [Jagadish, 1990] with Felsner’s online chain-decomposition algorithm [Stefan Felsner, 1997] to create an incremental index: data associated with a node is immutable, guaranteeing that queries are answered properly even if new nodes are inserted while the query is processed. Its query time is constant, but its index size is heavily dependent on the graph width, and as such is not competitive with recent indexing algorithms (2-hop, tree-chain, ...). We also propose a version of that incremental algorithm with a much lighter index. In the most compressed version, the query time becomes O(log n). However, constant-time queries can be retained depending on the desired time/memory trade-off.
ChemInform Abstract: Phase Relations, Transparency and Conductivity in Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>—SnO<sub>2</sub>—ZnO. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Optimal recovery of single disk failure in RDP code storage systems (2010)

Modern storage systems use thousands of inexpensive disks to meet the storage requirement of applications. To enhance the data availability, some form of redundancy is used. For example, conventional RAID-5 systems provide data availability for single disk failure only, while recent advanced coding techniques such as row-diagonal parity (RDP) can provide data availability with up to two disk failures. To reduce the probability of data unavailability, whenever a single disk fails, disk recovery (or rebuild) will be carried out. We show that conventional recovery scheme of RDP code for a single disk failure is inefficient and suboptimal. In this paper, we propose an optimal and efficient disk recovery scheme, Row-Diagonal Optimal Recovery (RDOR), for single disk failure of RDP code that has the following properties: (1) it is read optimal in the sense that it issues the smallest number of disk reads to recover the failed disk; (2) it has the load balancing property that all surviving disks will be subjected to the same amount of additional workload in rebuilding the failed disk. We carefully explore the design state space and theoretically show the optimality of RDOR. We carry out performance evaluation to quantify the merits of RDOR on some widely used disks.
Well performance graph simplifies field calculations (1987)

Graphic Methods are widely employed in order to understand overall well behavior using only surface parameters. The authors propose a new graphic method, used successfully by Agip for oil and gas wells in Italy, Libya, Nigeria and Tunisia. The well performance graph helps solve many production problems, including estimation of: inflow performance relationship; causes of rate decline throughout well life; and production rate and bottomhole flowing pressure for various pressures upstream of the surface choke, and vice-versa. This method differs from others by using flow behavior through the choke for both critical and subcritical conditions. Equations describing flow through the formation, string and surface choke are also used. Results are quite reliable when these theoretical equations are calibrated with field data, either from the well concerned or from nearby wells producing the same fluid. This article describes the technique as it applies to oil wells. The methodology for gas wells is similar.