gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Mutual Shaping of Online and Offline Social Relationships (2008)

espanolIntroduccion. Este estudio examina la interaccion entre las relaciones sociales on-line y off-line centrandose en un grupo social: los usuarios de Internet chinos mayores. Metodo. Se realizaron treinta y tres entrevistas abiertas semi-estructuradas a los miembros de una comunidad de Internet china orientada a mayores en 2004. Analisis. Los datos de la entrevista fueron grabados, transcritos, traducidos y codificados siguiendo los principios de la teoria fundamentada. Resultados. Los participantes han estado usando Internet para superar las barreras geograficas e integrar el mundo virtual en la vida diaria. Las interacciones iniciales en la comunidad on-line promueven la necesidad de los individuos de encontrarse en el mundo fisico con aquellos que tienen intereses y formacion similares. Las interacciones en el mundo fisico a su vez ayuda a que las relaciones debiles se desarrollen con lazos mas fuertes. Conclusiones. Los mundo son-line y off-line que se construyen mutuamente e interactuan a traves de cauces de comunicacion multiples es mas probable que generen relaciones mas fuertes que interactuando a traves de un solo cauce. EnglishIntroduction. This study examines the interplay between online and offline social relationships by focusing on an understudied social group: older Chinese Internet users. Method. Thirty-three semi-structured open-ended interviews were conducted with members of a senior-oriented Chinese Internet community in 2004. Analysis. Interview data were recorded, transcribed, translated and coded following the principles of grounded theory. Results. Participants have been using the Internet to overcome geographical barriers and to integrate the virtual world into everyday life. Initial interactions in the online community promote the need for individuals to meet in the physical world with those who have similar interests and backgrounds. Interactions in the physical world in turn help weak tie relationships to develop into stronger ties. Conclusions. The online and offline worlds are mutually constructed and interacting through multiple communication channels is more likely to generate stronger relationships than interacting through a single channel.
A reconstructed porous copper surface promotes selectivity and efficiency toward C<sub>2</sub> products by electrocatalytic CO<sub>2</sub> reduction (2020)

Electrocatalytic synthesis of multicarbon (C<sub>2+</sub>) products from CO<sub>2</sub> reduction suffers from poor selectivity and low energy efficiency. Herein, a facile oxidation-reduction cycling method is adopted to reconstruct the Cu electrode surface with the help of halide anions. The surface composed of entangled Cu nanowires with hierarchical pores is synthesized in the presence of I<sup>-</sup>, exhibiting a C<sub>2</sub> faradaic efficiency (FE) of 80% at -1.09 V <i>vs.</i> RHE. A partial current density of 21 mA cm<sup>-2</sup> is achieved with a C<sub>2</sub> half-cell power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 39% on this electrode. Such high selective C<sub>2</sub> production is found to mainly originate from CO intermediate enrichment inside hierarchical pores rather than the surface lattice effect of the Cu electrode.
Effects of long-term administration of a cocoa polyphenolic extract (Acticoa powder) on cognitive performances in aged rats (2008)

Numerous studies have indicated that increased vulnerability to oxidative stress may be the main factor involved in functional declines during normal and pathological ageing, and that antioxidant agents, such as polyphenols, may improve or prevent these deficits. We examined whether 1-year administration of a cocoa polyphenolic extract (Acticoa powder), orally delivered at the dose of 24 mg/kg per d between 15 and 27 months of age, affects the onset of age-related cognitive deficits, urinary free dopamine levels and lifespan in old Wistar-Unilever rats. Acticoa powder improved cognitive performances in light extinction and water maze paradigms, increased lifespan and preserved high urinary free dopamine levels. These results suggest that Acticoa powder may be beneficial in retarding age-related brain impairments, including cognitive deficits in normal ageing and perhaps neurodegenerative diseases. Further studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms of cocoa polyphenols in neuroprotection and to explore their effects in man.
No Means Yes … If Consent Is Obtained: An Exploration into the Psychology and Legality of BDSM and Sexual Sadism (2015)

This article looks the differences between BDSM and sexual sadism through both a healthcare and legal lens. Through examination of the psychological characteristics of BDSM participants, it is shown that they are psychologically healthy adults who engage in consensual “kinky” activities, with no malicious intentions. Examining the psychological profiles of sexual sadists demonstrates that these individuals tend to have psychopathic traits and engage in such behaviour with non-consenting persons. Looking at past assault cases related to BDSM and sexual sadism demonstrates the lack of regulation and understanding in the Canadian judicial system when discussing sexual activities.
The interlayer spacing of graphite (1951)

From a study of well-crystallized graphites direct evidence is obtained of the different spacings between oriented and disoriented layers, respectively, in a stack of parallel graphite layers. It is shown that when the proportion of disoriented layers is small there is practically a linear relation with the mean interlayer spacing deduced from O001 lines.
A Beginner's Guide to Interferometric SAR Concepts and Signal Processing [AESS Tutorial IV] (2007)

Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (IFSAR, also abbreviated as InSAR) employs pairs of high resolution SAR images to generate high quality terrain elevation maps using phase interferometry methods. IFSAR provides an all-weather, day/night capability to generate measurements of terrain elevation on a dense grid of sample points with accuracies of ones of meters. Both spaceborne and airborne IFSAR systems are in use. In this paper we present a tutorial introduction to the concepts, techniques, and applications of IFSAR. After a brief introduction to digital elevation models (DEMs) and digital terrain elevation data (DTED), the fundamental IFSAR equation relating interferometric phase measurements to terrain elevation is derived from simple geometric considerations. The central section of the paper describes the major algorithmic steps required to form an IFSAR terrain map. Finally, variations of IFSAR for mapping terrain elevation or reflectivity changes are briefly described. A Web site at users.ece.gatech.edu/~mrichard/AESSJFSAR.htm provides access to color versions of many of the IFSAR images included in this paper.
Schwingungsdaempfer im Ingenieurbau (2001)

Das Buch wird im Vorwort als Kompendium ueber Schwingungsdaempfer im Ingenieurbau bezeichnet. Nach einer grundsaetzlichen Darstellung der Notwendigkeit des Einsatzes von Schwingungsdaempfern bei dynamisch beanspruchten Konstruktionen folgt eine elementare Einfuehrung in die Baudynamik. Dynamische Einwirkungen sowie die Schwingungsanalyse bei linearem und nichtlinearem Strukturverhalten werden zunaechst vorgestellt. Es folgen Kapitel ueber Strategien und Massnahmen zur Schwingungsreduzierung sowie zum Einsatz von Schwingungsdaempfern bei wind-induzierten und personen-induzierten Schwingungen. An zahlreichen Beispielen werden die Problematik und die konstruktiven Loesungen zur Abhilfe beschrieben. In insgesamt 19 Anhaengen werden Detailprobleme vertieft dargestellt.
A single center experience of sorafenib in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients (2011)

Sorafenib demonstrated good efficacy and acceptable tolerability in treating an advanced HCC patient population, with or without prior treatment. The presence of ascites or distant metastasis predicted poorer OS, and the presence of adverse effects predicted improved OS.
Cavitation-induced capillary waves in ultrasonic atomization (1980)

A mathematical analysis of surface capillary waves on an incompressible liquid is presented. Periodic excitations in the form of hydraulic shocks due to cavitation are assumed in order to derive threshold conditions for ultrasonic atomization. Atomization threshold is found to be approximately linear with fluid viscosity for capillary waves oscillating at one-half the driving frequency. Another result of the analysis is a nondiscrete dispersion relation which allows a continuum of solutions within certain specified ranges of capillary wavelengths. Such a dispersion relation could partly account for the decrease in monodispersity of atomized droplets observed at high cavitation fields.
Privacy Management in Social Internet of Vehicles: Review, Challenges and Blockchain Based Solutions (2019)

The Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm has integrated the sensor network silos to the Internet and enabled the provision of value-added services across these networks. These smart devices are now becoming socially conscious by following the social Internet of Things (SIoT) model that empowers them to create and maintain social relationships among them. The Social Internet of Vehicle (SIoV) is one application of SIoT in the vehicular domain that has evolved the existing intelligent transport system (ITS) and vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) to the next phase of Intelligent by adding socializing aspect and constant connectivity. SIoV generates a massive amount of real-time data enriched with context and social relationship information about vehicles, drivers, passengers, and the surrounding environment. Therefore, the role of privacy management becomes essential in SIoV, as data is collected and stored at different layers of its architecture. The challenge of privacy is aggravated because the dynamic nature of SIoV poses a major threat in its adoption. Motivated by the need to address these aspects, this paper identifies the challenges involved in managing privacy in SIoV. Furthermore, the paper analyzes the privacy issues and factors that are essential to be considered for preserving privacy in SIoV environments from different perspectives including the privacy of a person, behavior and action, communication, data and image, thoughts and feelings, location and space, and association. In addition, the paper discusses the blockchain-based solutions to preserve privacy for SIoV.
Stem-cell factor, the kit ligand, induces direct degranulation of rat peritoneal mast cells in vitro and in vivo: dependence of the in vitro effect on period of culture and comparisons of stem-cell factor with other mast cell-activating agents. (1995)

We report that stem-cell factor (SCF), the ligand of the receptor encoded by the c-kit proto-oncogene, is a potent activator of degranulation of rat peritoneal mast cells in vitro and in vivo. Freshly isolated, purified mast cells were relatively unresponsive to SCF (4-500 ng/ml) but progressively acquired responsiveness to this agent, assessed as serotonin (5-HT) release, during 48 hr culture in vitro. The cells showed a similar kinetic pattern of acquisition of responsiveness to anti-IgE but responded fully to calcium ionophore A23187 or compound 48/80 regardless of time in culture. Acquisition of mast cell responsiveness to SCF or anti-IgE was not due to serum factors or to recovery from the Percoll purification procedure. During culture, mast cell expression of the SCF receptor (SCFR) increased, and this may explain in part the increased responsiveness to SCF. However, surface IgE expression remained constant, and the increased responses to anti-IgE therefore must reflect changes in components of the secretion-coupling pathway that are activated subsequent to IgE cross-linking. The unresponsiveness of freshly isolated peritoneal mast cells to SCF or anti-IgE does not reflect a state of in vivo unresponsiveness, as peritoneal mast cells degranulated in vivo in response to these agents. We conclude that in terms of their responsiveness to SCF or anti-IgE, cultured tissue mast cells may be more representative than freshly isolated mast cells of secretory function in vivo, and therefore may be more appropriate for physiological or pharmacological studies of SCF- or IgE-dependent secretory responses.
<i>Neocortical Dynamics and Human EEG Rhythms</i> (1996)

1: Paul Nunez: Quantitative states of neocortex. 2: Paul Nunez: Towards a physics of neocortex. 3: Paul Nunez: Mind, brain and EEG. 4: Kenneth L. Pilgreen: Physiological, medical and cognitive correlates of EEG. 5: Fernando H. Lopes da Silva: Dynamics of electrical activity of the brain, local networks and modulating systems. 6: Richard B. Silberstein: Steady state visually evoked potentials, brain resonance and cognitive processes. 7: Alan Gevins and Brian Cutillo: Neuroelectric measures of mind. 8: Paul Nunez: Discrete linear systems of physics and brain. 9: Paul Nunez: Continuous linear systems of physics and brain. 10: Paul Nunez: Nonlinear phenomena and chaos. 11: Paul Nunez: Global contribution to EEG dynamics. 12: Paul Nunez: Experimental connections between EEG data and the global wave theory. 13: Lester Ingber: Statistical mechanics of multiple scales of neocortical interactions
Elastic, Piezoelectric, and Dielectric Properties of Sodium Chlorate and Sodium Bromate (1946)

The elastic, piezoelectric, and dielectric constants of sodium chlorate (NaCl${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$) and sodium bromate (NaBr${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$) have been measured over a wide temperature range. The value of the piezoelectric constant at room temperature is somewhat larger than that found by Pockels. The value of the Poisson's ratio was found to be positive and equal to 0.23 in constrast to Voigt's measured value of -0.51. At high temperatures the dielectric and piezoelectric constants increase and indicate the presence of a transformation point which occurs at a temperature slightly larger than the melting point. A large dipole piezoelectric constant (ratio of lattice distortion to dipole polarization) results for these crystals but the electromechanical coupling factor is small because the dipole polarization is small compared to the electronic and ionic polarization and little of the applied electrical energy goes into orienting the dipoles.
Dimeric and Trimeric Fusion Proteins Generated with Fimbrial Adhesins of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (2016)

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and uropathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (UPEC) is the main etiologic agent. Fimbriae assembled on the bacterial surface are essential for adhesion to the urinary tract epithelium. In this study, the FimH, CsgA, and PapG adhesins were fused to generate biomolecules for use as potential target vaccines against UTIs. The fusion protein design was generated using bioinformatics tools, and template fusion gene sequences were synthesized by GenScript in the following order <i>fimH</i>-<i>csgA</i>-<i>papG</i>-<i>fimH</i>-<i>csgA</i> (<i>fcpfc</i>) linked to the nucleotide sequence encoding the [EAAAK]<sub>5</sub> peptide. Monomeric (<i>fimH, csgA</i>, and <i>papG</i>), dimeric (<i>fimH-csgA</i>), and trimeric (<i>fimH</i>-<i>csgA</i>-<i>papG</i>) genes were cloned into the pLATE31 expression vector and generated products of 1040, 539, 1139, 1442, and 2444 bp, respectively. Fusion protein expression in BL21 <i>E. coli</i> was induced with 1 mM IPTG, and His-tagged proteins were purified under denaturing conditions and refolded by dialysis using C-buffer. Coomassie blue-stained SDS-PAGE gels and Western blot analysis revealed bands of 29.5, 11.9, 33.9, 44.9, and 82.1 kDa, corresponding to FimH, CsgA, PapG, FC, and FCP proteins, respectively. Mass spectrometry analysis by MALDI-TOF/TOF revealed specific peptides that confirmed the fusion protein structures. Dynamic light scattering analysis revealed the polydispersed state of the fusion proteins. FimH, CsgA, and PapG stimulated the release of 372-398 pg/mL IL-6; interestingly, FC and FCP stimulated the release of 464.79 pg/mL (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.018) and 521.24 pg/mL (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.002) IL-6, respectively. In addition, FC and FCP stimulated the release of 398.52 pg/mL (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.001) and 450.40 pg/mL (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.002) IL-8, respectively. High levels of IgA and IgG antibodies in human sera reacted against the fusion proteins, and under identical conditions, low levels of IgA and IgG antibodies were detected in human urine. Rabbit polyclonal antibodies generated against FimH, CsgA, PapG, FC, and FCP blocked the adhesion of <i>E. coli</i> strain CFT073 to HTB5 bladder cells. In conclusion, the FC and FCP proteins were highly stable, demonstrated antigenic properties, and induced cytokine release (IL-6 and IL-8); furthermore, antibodies generated against these proteins showed protection against bacterial adhesion.
Comparisons between CORBA IDL & COM/DCOM MIDL: interfaces for distributed computing (2002)

The adoption of distributed computing has brought with it the problem of interoperability. Today, program developers need to interoperate over large and complex heterogeneous networks. Dealing with the interoperability problems that these networks can provide leads to increasing the complexity of the overall system. This complexity can be significantly reduced through the introduction of an interface definition language which adds an abstraction layer capable of handling many of the underlying problems. Two major interface definition languages being used today include CORBA's Interface Definition Language (IDL) and Microsoft's Interface Definition Language (MIDL) associated with COM/DCOM. We provide an overview of both interface definition languages and a comparison between them based on our experiences developing distributed systems using both. We draw some conclusions about the strengths and weaknesses of both.
REVIEWS (2000)

Journal Article REVIEWS Get access Self and Salvation. Being Transformed. By DAVID F. FORD. Pp. xiv+298. (Cambridge Studies in Christian Doctrine.) Cambridge University Press, 1999. ISBN 0 521 41607 8 and 42616 2. Hardback £35/$59.95; paper £12.95/$19.95. MAURICE WILES MAURICE WILES Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Journal of Theological Studies, Volume 51, Issue 1, April 2000, Pages 394–397, https://doi.org/10.1093/jts/51.1.394 Published: 01 April 2000
Where's the Science in Medical Informatics? (1995)

Journal Article Where's the Science in Medical Informatics? Get access Charles P. Friedman, PhD Charles P. Friedman, PhD Correspondence and reprints: Charles P. Friedman, PhD, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 322 MacNider Building, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 7530. e-mail: cpf@med.unc.edu. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, Volume 2, Issue 1, January 1995, Pages 65–67, https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.1995.95202550 Published: 01 January 1995 Article history Received: 28 September 1993 Accepted: 08 September 1994 Published: 01 January 1995
Fine Structure in the Absorption-Edge Spectrum of Ge (1957)

Measurements of the absorption spectrum of Ge, made with high resolution, near the main absorption edge, at various temperatures between 4.2\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K and 291\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K, have revealed a fine structure in the absorption on the long-wavelength side of this edge. This structure has been analyzed and can be interpreted in terms of indirect transitions involving phonons with energies corresponding to temperatures of 90\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K and 320\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K. The initial energy dependence of the components of the absorption coefficient associated with the 320\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K phonons is interpreted as being due to the formation of excitons with a binding energy 0.005 ev. The form of the corresponding spectrum of photoconductivity also indicates that excitons are being produced. Using data on intrinsic carrier density and the temperature dependence of the energy gap for band-to-band transitions, a value of 4 is found for the number of conduction-band minima in Ge and an increase of about 20% in the combined density-of-states effective mass as the temperature increases from zero up to room temperature. 90\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K and 320\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K therefore correspond to the energies of phonons at the edge of the Brillouin zone in the $〈111〉$ direction; these are shown to be acoustical phonons. These energies are lower than the corresponding values calculated from a Smith-type model for the vibrations of the Ge lattice. However, they are more consistent with the known Debye temperature and far infrared absorption of Ge than the calculated values.
Twenty‐three novel microsatellite markers developed from Atlantic cod <i>Gadus morhua </i>L. expressed sequence tags (2008)

Twenty‐three novel polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed from c. 2000 expressed sequence tags of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua L. Gene identity was determined at 12 loci, confirming the associated microsatellites as type I markers. These microsatellite markers provide useful tools for studies of population genetics and reproductive ecology and for constructing linkage maps of G. morhua .
Peripheral pre and postjunctional alpha 2-adrenoceptors in man: studies with RX781094, a selective alpha 2 antagonist. (1983)

The imidazoline derivative RX781094 has been shown in animal studies to be a potent selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist. The alpha 2 antagonist activity of RX781094 was confirmed in this study by in vitro human platelet aggregation studies in which RX781094 was five times more potent than alpha-yohimbine. Within the first 20 min after intravenous administration of RX781094 to eight normotensive men there was a short-lived increase in blood pressure (mean maximum change 9/7 mmHg) and decrease in heart rate (mean maximum change 15 beats/min) associated with slight increases in plasma noradrenaline concentration and renin activity. These findings are consistent with an effect at prejunctional alpha 2-adrenoceptors. The pressor dose-response analysis for three agonists of varying selectivities for alpha 1 and alpha 2-adrenoceptors showed only modest changes with phenylephrine and noradrenaline with dose ratios less than 2, in contrast to the marked antagonism by RX781094 of the pressor response to the alpha 2 agonist, alphamethylnoradrenaline, dose ratio greater than 20. These results provide evidence that adrenoceptors of the alpha 2 subtype are located postjunctionally on resistance vessels in man and that RX781094 is a selective antagonist at human alpha 2-adrenoceptors.
Banking Balance Sheet Channel of Systemic Risk (2015)

The role of the banking balance sheet as the source and transmitter of systemic risk is explored. We find that the key balance sheet channels of systemic risk are; (i) bank capital structure choice, (ii) interconnectedness and interdependencies among firms, (iii) correlations of asset composition and returns and; (iv) behavioral determinants that affect the choices of bank managers. Furthermore, we argue that the source of systemic risk lies with the endogenous risk of the banking balance sheet. We discuss the challenges in managing and measuring endogenous and systemic risk. Considering the strong evidence that book values of leverage are key state variables, we suggest new methods to manage and measure systemic risk.