gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Korean Artificial Heart (AnyHeart): An Experimental Study and the First Human Application (2003)

A Korean artificial heart (AnyHeart) has been implanted in 29 various animals (52-470 kg) to evaluate hemodynamic performance and electromechanical stability. Most were implantable biventricular assist devices in use. A right thoracotomy approach has been a standard technique of implantation. A preclinical fitting test was also performed to observe anatomical feasibility and to compare surgical techniques in 10 human cadavers. The first case of human application was made as a lifesaving procedure on June 12, 2001.
Physicochemical Properties of Hercosett / Optical Brightener Agent Dispersions Applied to Untreated Wool for Shrinkproofing (1989)

Hercosett resin was applied to untreated wool samples using dispersions made with a cationic Hercosett resin and different optical brightener agents in order to improve both brightness and shrinkproofing properties. The brighteners used in this work were Blankophor BA liq B, Uvitex CF-200, Univtex NFW, and Uvitex WGS. The physi cochemical properties of the dispersion systems were also investigated.
Total synthesis of (±)-fenchone, a synthesis of (+)-fenchone and of (+)-cis-2,2,5-trimethyl-3-vinylcyclopentanone, a photoisomer of (–)-trans-caran-4-one (1971)

(+)-cis-3-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-2,2,5-trimethyl-cyclopentanone and its racemic form are synthesised from (+)-α-2,3-epoxypinane or (–)-trans-pinocarveol, and (±)-2,2,5-trimethyl-1-oxocyclopentane-3-carboxylic acid, respectively; treatment with base of the chloroketone, derived from the (+)-hydroxyketone, affords (+)-fenchone, while pyrolysis of the (+)-acetoxyketone gives (+)-cis-2,2,5-trimethyl-3-vinylcyclopentanone, the latter and its trans-isomer being photo-products of (–)-trans-and (–)-cis-caran-4-one, respectively.
New experiments in the use of infrared polarization in the detection of small targets (2001)

In this paper, we will discuss a novel technology, which we have recently developed for automatic target detection and recognition by polarimetric imaging system. This technology consists of an approach to non-cooperative small target detection that uses statistical techniques to exploit a target's Stokes vector IR signature. This is applicable to sensors whose signature measurements are sensitive to the polarization of the targets and their backgrounds. Fusion is achieved by constructing the joint statistical measures for the target's polarization states. Target polarization states are in terms of the intensity, percent of linear polarization, and the angel of polarization plane. Applications of the proposed approach, for military targets under variations in target geometry are made in terms of receiver operating characteristic condition curves. The new results, which have been obtained on data from the Air Force's IRMA polarimetric IR simulation tool, indicate the usefulness of polarimetric RI signatures for the automatic detection of small targets.
β-Lactoglobulin−Dextran Conjugates:  Effect of Polysaccharide Size on Emulsion Stability (2004)

A series of dextrans and beta-lactoglobulin were covalently conjugated and screened for their ability to stabilize oil-in-water emulsions. Dextrans with the molecular mass of 19.6 kDa, 87 kDa, 150 kDa, 500 kDa, and 2000 kDa were attached to beta-lactoglobulin via the Maillard reaction. The conjugates were then purified and evaluated as emulsifiers under neutral conditions. The ability to stabilize emulsions was determined by monitoring oil droplet size over time. Adsorption of the conjugates to the droplet surface was characterized by determining the protein surface load. The results show that increasing polysaccharide size increases emulsion stability up to 150 kDa before leveling off. Conversely, surface protein density remains constant until 150 kDa before decreasing with polysaccharide size. A model is presented to interpret the results.
Propene Epoxidation with Dioxygen Catalyzed by Gold Clusters (2009)

Weniger als 2.0 nm große Goldcluster – aber keine Goldnanopartikel – auf alkalisiertem Titansilicalit-1 können aus O2 und H2O Hydroperoxid (-OOH) erzeugen. Dieses wird auf benachbarte Ti-Zentren übertragen, wobei Ti-OOH-Gruppen entstehen (siehe Schema), die Propen in Propenepoxid (PO) umwandeln können. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Phase-matched second-harmonic generation in permanently-poled optical fibres (1988)

Abacavir can cause a multi-systemic hypersensitivity reaction (HSR) in 5-8% of the patients, which is related to HLA-B*57-01 allele. In Brazil, the HLA-B*57-01 screening test became available only in March 2018, several years after abacavir was in use. In this retrospective study we reviewed medical charts of all patients receiving an abacavir-containing regimen to evaluate the frequency of HSR in patients followed at a referral center in Salvador, Brazil. A total of 192 patients who received abacavir were identified, most male (67.1%), black or racially mixed (77.8%), and having diagnosis of a previous AIDS defining conditions (83.7%). Only one patient developed HSR (incidence: 0.52%). The main reasons for abacavir-containing antiretroviral therapy discontinuation were virological failure (28%), adverse effects to other components of the regimen (25%), and simplification of therapy (16%). The low incidence of HSR to abacavir does not support the use of HLA-B*57-01 screening test, in Salvador, Brazil.
A Review and Evaluation of Various HIC Algorithms (1988)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Various algorithms such as a direct computation approach, maximization requirement criteria method established by Chou and Nyquist, and a partitioning technique, for computing HIC are reviewed in this paper. An evaluation has been conducted considering both the accuracy and efficiency of these algorithms using theoretical pulses and experimental resultant head accelerations of a dummy obtained from the literature, Hyge sled and frontal barrier impact tests. Using results obtained from direct computations as “exact” values for comparison, all the algorithms evaluated provide HIC estimates in close agreement with the “exact” values. The CPU times, which are used as a measure for the assessment of computational efficiency, vary from algorithm to algorithm. Methods using a partitioning logic developed by Mentzer and a faster algorithm developed by Holstein and Alem are found to be very efficient, and are recommended for use in the computation of HIC.</div>
Embedding high-level information into low level vision: Efficient object search in clutter (2013)

The ability to search visually for objects of interest in cluttered environments is crucial for robots performing tasks in a multitude of environments. In this work, we propose a novel visual search algorithm that integrates high-level information of the target object - specifically its size and shape, with a recently introduced visual operator that rapidly clusters potential edges based on their coherence in belonging to a possible object. The output is a set of fixation points that indicate the potential location of the target object in the image. The proposed approach outperforms purely bottom-up approaches - saliency maps of Itti et al. [15], and kernel descriptors of Bo et al. [2], over two large datasets of objects in clutter collected using an RGB-Depth camera.
Characterization of Multifilamentary REBCO Coated Conductor Coil Fabricated by Using the Process of Scratching the IBAD-MgO Layer (2016)

REBa2Cu3Ox (REBCO, RE = rare earth) coated conductors (CCs) are expected to show high performance for superconducting coil applications due to their high tensile strength and high critical current density under magnetic fields. One of the most serious problems on the coil application is the significant screening current, which is caused by the configuration of CC. Since screening current is dependent on the width of the REBCO layer, filamentization of the REBCO layer is strongly desired. We have succeeded in fabricating long length four-divided multifilamentary CCs with 4 mm wide over 100 m long by using the process of scratching the IBAD-MgO layer (scratching process). In this work, we fabricated two epoxy-impregnated coils and investigated the effects of the screening current. One of the coils is wound with multifilamentary CCs fabricated by scratching process, another is wound with conventional mono-filamentary CC. As the results, it is confirmed that the screening current is reduced and the coupling current between the filaments might be in the acceptable range on the DC magnet application.
Assessment of Infantile Hemangiomas Using a Handheld Wireless Diffuse Optical Spectroscopic Device (2017)

DOS can be used to assess the vascularity and tissue oxygenation of IHs and monitor their progression and response to treatment.
From Linear Inorganic Chains to Helices:  Chirality in the M(pyz)(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>2</sub>MoO<sub>2</sub>F<sub>4</sub> (M = Zn, Cd) Compounds (2002)

Cd(C(4)H(4)N(2))(H(2)O)(2)MoO(2)F(4) (C(4)H(4)N(2) = pyrazine, pyz) was synthesized via hydro(solvato)thermal methods and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods (P3(2)()21, no. 154, Z = 3, a = 7.4328(7) A, c = 16.376(2) A). Both of the known M(pyz)(H(2)O)(2)MoO(2)F(4) (M = Zn, Cd) compounds are comprised of trans-M(pyz)(2)(OH(2))(2)F(2) and cis-MoO(2)F(4) octahedra that share fluoride vertices to form helical chains along the 3-fold screw axes. Individual chains are bridged to six symmetry-equivalent helices through metal-pyrazine and OH(2)...F and OH(2)...O hydrogen bonds. Structural comparisons of similar oxyfluoride chains demonstrate that they can be varied from linear to helical through (1) the replacement of pyridine or pyrazine by H(2)O molecules and (2) the substitution of cis-directing MoO(2)F(4)(2-) anions in place of trans-directing WO(2)F(4)(2-) or TiF(6)(2-) anions. Infrared absorption (IR) measurements for M = Cd show two distinct O-H stretches corresponding to hydrogen-bonded O-H...F and O-H...O groups. Contrastingly for M = Zn, IR measurements exhibit O-H stretches for averaged hydrogen-bonded O-H...(O/F) groups, free (unbound) O-H groups, and higher energy Mo-F stretches. The IR data suggest a small fraction of the O-H...F hydrogen bonds are broken in the M = Zn analogue as a result of the racemic twinning. Both compounds exhibit nonlinear optical behavior, with second harmonic generation (SHG) intensities, relative to SiO(2), of approximately 0.25 (<d(ijk)(2epsilon)> = 0.28 pm/V) for the racemically twinned Zn(pyz)(H(2)O)(2)MoO(2)F(4) and approximately 1.0 (<d(ijk)(2epsilon)> = 0.55 pm/V) for the enantiopure Cd(pyz)(H(2)O)(2)MoO(2)F(4).
Antioxidants Inhibit Sickle Cell Adhesion to Activated Endothelium in an Ex Vivo Preparation. (2004)

Abstract In sickle cell anemia (SS), intravascular sickling and attendant transient occlusive events are implicated in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and vascular endothelial activation. Oxidants (as well as cytokines) result in up-regulation of endothelial adhesion molecules that may lead to increased adhesion of sickle red blood cells (SS RBC) and contribute to vaso-occlusion. We hypothesize that endothelial activation will augment the expression of adhesion molecules involved in SS RBC-endothelium interaction, and that antioxidants will have an inhibitory effect on this interaction. To this end, we have tested selected antioxidants for their efficacy to inhibit SS RBC adhesion in the ex vivo mesocecum vasculature of the rat stimulated by platelet-activating factor (PAF). PAF, a potent inflammatory agent, results in endothelial ROS generation (Suematsu et al. Am. J. Physiol. 1993), as well as in increased adhesion of SS RBCs (Kaul et al. Blood, 2000). Here, we have tested the efficacy of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and polynitroxylated albumin (PNA). While SOD and catalase remove superoxide (O2 ·−) and H2O2, respectively, nitroxides covalently attached to albumin (i.e., PNA) act as intra-vascular SOD mimetic and also facilitate heme-mediated catalytic removal of H2O2. To directly demonstrate the involvement of ROS (O2 •- and H2O2), the ex vivo vasculature was pre-treated with PAF (200 pg/ml in Ringer-albumin solution) followed by infusion with SOD (1500 U in 5 ml Ringer-albumin) or catalase (10,000 U in 5 ml) (each 15-min incubation). The control preparations were incubated with PAF and Ringer-albumin. For experiments involving PNA, the vasculature was first treated with PAF and followed by infusion of PNA or control human serum albumin (HSA) (each 33 mg/ml) diluted in Ringer-albumin solution (incubation 30 min). In PAF or PAF/HSA-treated preparations, infusion of SS RBCs (Hct 30 in Ringer-albumin) caused widespread adhesion of these cells exclusively in postcapillary venules. The adhesion was inversely correlated with vessel diameter, resulting in frequent blockage of small-diameter venules. In contrast, preparations treated with PAF/SOD or PAF/catalase showed a marked decrease in adhesion in venules of all diameters resulting in a significantly lower Y-intercept of the regression line as compared with the control group (p<0.00001). On the other hand, PNA caused almost complete inhibition of SS RBC adhesion in PAF-treated preparation, demonstrating even a greater anti-adhesive efficacy as evidenced by lower Y-intercept (p<0.001–0.0001 vs. SOD and catalase). The decrease in adhesion was accompanied by a significantly lower peripheral resistance (p<0.03–0.018). These results show that antioxidants inhibit SS RBC adhesion to endothelium stimulated by PAF, probably by scavenging and/or blocking PAF-generated oxidants. Thus, blockade of oxidant generation may constitute an effective therapeutic strategy to prevent SS RBC adhesion.
Iron Diffusion in Iron‐Aluminate Spinels (1980)

The diffusion coefficient of 59 Fe in iron‐aluminate spinels (Fe 3 O 4 ‐FeAl 2 O 4 ) was measured by serial sectioning. The results were analyzed with a defect model, assuming that the predominant defects were cation vacancies and interstitials. At 1380°C, diffusion occurs in Fe 3 O 4 and Fe(Fe 1.51 Al 0.49) )O 4 by an interstitial mechanism at low P O2 and a vacancy mechanism at high P O2 * Diffusion of iron is by the vacancy mechanism for higher hercynite concentrations, except that the results for the end‐member, FeAl 2 O 4 , suggest an interstitial mechanism. At 10 −6 atm O 2 , an Arrhenius plot of D Fe exhibits a minimum for Fe 3 O 4 and Fe(Fe 1.51 A1 0.49 )O 4 . This effect is explained in terms of a mechanism change. The D Fe is essentially independent of temperature in Fe(Fe 1.03 Al 0.97 )O 4 and Fe(Fe 0.54 Al 1.46 )O 4 .
Key Synthetic Intermediates for Biologically Active Heterocycles (1990)

The need and possibilities of synthesis of biologically active heterocycles and the preparation of intermediates capable of generating unusual side chains required for drug development work from simple precursors are discussed. In particular, using 1-aryl-2-nitro-1-alkenes and 2-chloro-3-formyl quinoline for the preparation of complex heterocycles and making accessible unusual side chains accessible via tetrahydrofuran-2-ones and 4-arylmethylene-isoxazolin-5-ones are described. 1. Introduction 2. Synthetic Precursors for Obtaining Heterocycles 2.1. 1-Aryl-2-nitro-1-alkenes as Precursors to Five-Membered Heterocycles and Their Annulated Derivatives 2.2. 2-Chloro-3-formylquinoline as a Precursor to Tri- and Tetracyclic Heterocycles with an Annulated Quinoline Ring 3. Synthetic Intermediates for Generating Compounds Required for Building Unusual Side Chains 3.1. Tetrahydrofuran-2-ones Used to Obtain Substituted Furans, Tetrahydroquinolines and Pentane Derivatives 3.2. 4-Arylmethyleneisoxazolin-5-ones as Synthetic Equivalents for Arylalkyl Ketones and Phenylpropylamines 4. General Importance
Synthesis and possible character of a high-energy intermediate in bacterial photophosphorylation (1966)

1. In photophosphorylation with chromatophores from Rhodospirillum rubrum, evidence is presented for the synthesis of activated precursors of ATP in the energy-conversion system coupled to photosynthetic electron transport. 2. A significant amount of ATP is synthesized when a reaction mixture containing chromatophores and ADP is illuminated and then incubated with P(i) in the dark. ATP is not synthesized to an appreciable extent, either when a reaction mixture containing chromatophores and P(i) is illuminated and then incubated with ADP in the dark, or when one containing chromatophores alone is illuminated and then incubated with ADP and P(i) in the dark. The amount of ATP thus synthesized is influenced markedly by concentrations of ADP. 3. The chromatophores illuminated with ADP, if allowed to stand in the dark at 30 degrees , gradually lose the ability to form ATP with P(i) in the dark. No loss of the ability occurs when the chromatophores illuminated with ADP are allowed to stand in the dark at 13 degrees or in a frozen state. 4. Mg(2+) is absolutely required for chromatophores to form ATP in the dark after illumination in the presence of ADP, and for the chromatophores to achieve ATP formation with P(i) in the dark. 5. Antimycin A, 2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline N-oxide and o-phenanthroline strongly inhibit the light-dependent acquisition of the ability to form ATP with P(i) in the dark, but not the consequent ATP formation with P(i) in the dark. Arsenate, 2,4-dinitrophenol, quinacrine hydrochloride, quinine hydrochloride and pyrophosphate inhibit the former or the latter, or both. Oligomycin inhibits the former somewhat more than the latter. 6. From these findings it is suggested that a high-energy intermediate is formed in photosynthetic ATP formation, and that its formation is dependent on ADP but not P(i).
Intravitreal triamcinolone for cancer-associated retinopathy refractory to systemic therapy (2012)

Intravitreal triamcinolone may be beneficial for maintenance of vision in patients with CAR.
Three dimensional inertial sensing of foot movements for automatic tuning of a two-channel implantable drop-foot stimulator (2002)

A three dimensional inertial sensing system for measuring foot movements during gait is proposed and tested. It can form the basis for an automated tuning system for a two-channel implantable drop-foot stimulator. The foot orientation and position during the swing phase of gait can be reconstructed on the basis of three-dimensional measurement of acceleration and angular velocity, using initial and final conditions during mid-stance. The foot movements during gait of one stroke person using the implanted two-channel stimulator were evaluated for several combinations of stimulation parameters for both channels. The reconstructed foot movements during gait in this person indicated that the channel stimulating the deep peroneal nerve contributes mainly to dorsiflexion and provides some reduction of inversion seen without stimulation, while the channel activating the superficial peroneal nerve mainly provides additional reduction of inversion. This agrees with anatomical knowledge about the function of the muscles activated by both branches of the peroneal nerve. The inertial sensor method is expected to be useful for the clinical evaluation of foot movements during gait supported by the two-channel drop-foot stimulator. Furthermore, it is expected to be applicable for the automated balancing of the two stimulation channels to ensure optimal support of gait.
Stereoselective Preparation of Ceramide and Its Skeleton Backbone Modified Analogues via Cyclic Thionocarbonate Intermediates Derived by Catalytic Asymmetric Dihydroxylation of α,β-Unsaturated Ester Precursors (2000)

A novel and efficient synthetic route to ceramide 1a and skeleton backbone modified ceramide analogues 1b,c is reported. The syntheses utilize osmium-catalyzed asymmetric dihydroxylation of (E)-alpha, beta-unsaturated ester 5a-c as the chiral induction step, with the desired configurations in the products 1a-c, 2a, and 13 being generated by regioselective azide substitution at the alpha position of alpha,beta-dihydroxyesters 6a-c via a cyclic thionocarbonate intermediate. Azido esters 10a-c are converted to the corresponding ceramides 1a-c by a sequence of azide reduction, N-acylation, ester reduction (NaBH(4)/LiBr), and Birch reduction of the triple bond (Li, EtNH(2)). These seven- to eight-step syntheses afford the target compounds 1a-c with excellent stereocontrol and in 30-42% overall yields. Furthermore, propargylic alpha-azido-beta-hydroxyester 10a is converted to D-erythro-sphingosine 2a via simultaneous reduction of the triple bond, azido, and ester functional groups with LiAlH(4), providing a highly concise and practical four-step synthesis of this key naturally occurring sphingolipid. The L-erythro stereoisomers are also available in high enantiomeric purity by the method described herein.
The experience of treatment barriers and their influence on quality of life in American Indian/Alaska Native breast cancer survivors (2016)

Treatment barriers influence AI/AN breast cancer survivors' social QOL. Mediating these barriers is crucial to ameliorating AI/AN survivors' disparities when accessing and completing cancer treatment and improving survivorship QOL. Cancer 2017;123:861-68. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Broadband target classification using a bionic sonar (1977)

A recently proposed echo-analysis technique based on a power-series expansion of the target transfer function and an optimally Doppler-tolerant transmitted waveform is discussed. Specific problems with the technique including sensitivity of the extracted parameters to time delay and Doppler changes in the received waveform are identified. An analysis is conduced of relatively low-frequency echoes from a number of simple submerged targets, and the results are reported. An iterative generalization of the proposed technique is introduced which substantially improves its performance.
Synthesis, Radiation Degradation, and Electron Beam Resist Behavior of Fluorine‐Containing Vinyl Polymers (1981)

Abstract : Novel vinyl monomers containing the a-CF3 group are shown to increase the propensity toward chain scission during radiation degradation and increase the electron beam sensitivity in copolymers with methyl methacrylate and methacrylonitrile. The incorporation of 32 m/o of a-trifluoro-methacrylonitrile (TFMAN) into poly(methyl methacrylate) increases sensitivity from 30 x 10 (expn -5) to 3 x 10 (expn 5 C/cm (expn 2) (at 2 keV), increases G sub 8 from 1.3 to 3.1, and decreases the etch rate from 100 to 79 Angstrom/min. Similar beneficial results come from incorporating TFMAN into methacrylonitrile (MCN) copolymers. Poly(trifluoroethyl methacrylate) is a highly sensitive resist (Q = 2 to 3 x 10 (expn -5) C/cm (expn 2)) but it exhibits a high etch rate (230 Angstrom/min). Incorporation of 31 m/o MCN into this polymer decreases the etch rate to 93 Angstrom/min while preserving a high sensitivity (3-4 x 10 (expn -5) C/cm (expn2)). The G sub 8 and G sub x values of these homo- and copolymer systems as well as the copolymer of methacrylonitrile with methyl a-fluoroacrylate (MFA) were obtained. The homopolymer of MFA cross-links on irradiation but its MCN copolymers tend to be positive resists with G sub x values lower than that expected if G sub x were a linear function of the MFA mole fraction.