gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Magnetic energies of single submicron permalloy rectangles determined via magnetotransport (2009)

We have investigated the magnetic properties of single submicron permalloy rectangles with a thickness of 20 nm and an aspect ratio of 2:1 via anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR). Preparation and investigation via magnetotransport are performed in situ in ultrahigh vacuum. The field-dependent magnetization behavior of the two generic cases with the magnetic field applied perpendicular and parallel to the long axis of the rectangles is studied. Due to the high sensitivity of our setup, single field sweeps are sufficient to obtain magnetoresistance curves of structures with dimensions as small as $600\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}300\text{ }{\text{nm}}^{2}$. To link features of the AMR to changes in the micromagnetic states, the remanent state has been investigated via scanning electron microscopy with polarization analysis. Our main result is that the energy density of micromagnetic states can be obtained from the hard-axis magnetization behavior. It is demonstrated that a C/S state can be distinguished from a Landau state and the energy difference between both states is determined.
A reevaluation of the mathematical models for simulating single‐channel and whole‐cell ionic currents (1988)

We have developed a technique that allows for the simulation of both single-channel and whole-cell ionic currents given any arbitrary first-order kinetic scheme for the conformational states of an ion channel. The procedure is based on the solution of the master equation, which, in turn, is a general expression for a Markov process. The solution is expressed in terms of the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the kinetic system and the system's deviation from equilibrium. Our derived expression provides a general recipe for the calculation of whole-cell currents. By further manipulation of this expression, we show how conditional probabilities are derived that can be used for the simulation of single-channel currents. We discuss computer implementation of the results so that complicated kinetic schemes can be solved numerically. Finally, we demonstrate the procedure by providing a worked example of a simple model of activation followed by inactivation.
Modified Spectrophotometric Reaction for Detecting Organic Peroxide. (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTModified Spectrophotometric Reaction for Detecting Organic Peroxide.P. R. Dugan and R. D. O'NeillCite this: Anal. Chem. 1963, 35, 3, 414–415Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60196a048https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60196a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views91Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Transcriptome and Genome Size Analysis of the Venus Flytrap (2015)

The insectivorous Venus flytrap (Dionaea muscipula) is renowned from Darwin's studies of plant carnivory and the origins of species. To provide tools to analyze the evolution and functional genomics of D. muscipula, we sequenced a normalized cDNA library synthesized from mRNA isolated from D. muscipula flowers and traps. Using the Oases transcriptome assembler 79,165,657 quality trimmed reads were assembled into 80,806 cDNA contigs, with an average length of 679 bp and an N50 length of 1,051 bp. A total of 17,047 unique proteins were identified, and assigned to Gene Ontology (GO) and classified into functional categories. A total of 15,547 full-length cDNA sequences were identified, from which open reading frames were detected in 10,941. Comparative GO analyses revealed that D. muscipula is highly represented in molecular functions related to catalytic, antioxidant, and electron carrier activities. Also, using a single copy sequence PCR-based method, we estimated that the genome size of D. muscipula is approx. 3 Gb. Our genome size estimate and transcriptome analyses will contribute to future research on this fascinating, monotypic species and its heterotrophic adaptations.
Late Results after Microvascular Reconstruction of Severe Crush and Avulsion Injuries of the Upper Extremity (1997)

From 1978 to 1985, a total of 64 patients underwent successful hand and digit replantation/revascularisation for salvage after crush and avulsion trauma to their upper extremities. Forty-seven of them (39 males and 8 females) were followed between 10 and 17 years (mean: 12.6 years). The average age was 33.2 years. In 39 patients, replantations were performed: 37 digits (including seven thumbs), two hands, and three midhands. Eight patients underwent revascularizations in cases of subtotal amputations: two in the midhand, three at the wrist, and three at the lower arm. Concomitant injury to the hand or forearm was a feature of all cases. In 45 percent of the study population, secondary reconstructions were necessary. Outcomes were evaluated using Chen's classification (1981) and showed that 19 percent of the patients were classified grade 1, 49 percent grade II, 28 percent grade III, and 4 percent grade IV. Results demonstrated a greater patient age in the grade III group, and relatively more secondary operations in the grade IV patients.
The parallel computation of solutions to electrostatic problems using multigrid techniques (1994)

Abstract The application of multigrid techniques to the computation of the static solutions of electromagnetic field problems governed by Laplace's equation is described. This technique is compared with the conventional successive over‐relaxation (SOR) method for solving finite difference problems. In contrast to SOR, the number of iterations of multigrid needed to achieve convergence is largely independent of the grid size. It is shown that the relative performance of multigrid is excellent on large grids where the number of iterations of SOR needed to achieve convergence becomes prohibitively large. The technique is illustrated by applying a parallel implementation of multigrid to find a quasistatic solution of a boxed microstrip problem.
Femtosecond pulsed laser processing of thin films for MEMS devices (2002)

Microfabrication of MEMS devices involving deposition and surface micromachining of thin films is becoming an increasingly complex process due to the multi-layers and difficult-to-etch materials. Laser microfabrication is an excellent alternative to the traditional wet and dry chemical etching techniques especially for chemically resistant materials. In this work, a 120-fs pulsed, 800-nm wavelength Ti: Sapphire laser was used for micromachining thin films of ultra-hard AlMgB14 and polysilicon thin films on silicon substrate. Polysilicon was first deposited by low-pressure chemical vapor deposition followed by boride using femtosecond pulsed laser deposition. Channels were then machined in thin films to pattern a device that would produce a linear resistance/deflection curve. Results show that the ultrafast laser has precisely ablated the thin films. However, the high-energy fluence used in single-pass surface micromachining enabled the formation of recast layer from the melting of silicon substrate. Multi-pass surface micromachining at low energy fluences eliminated the recast layers and produced clean features. Ultrafast laser micromachining is certainly beneficial over wet and dry etching in reproducibility, material choice, and minimal number of processing steps. However, the cleanliness remains to be improved.
Highly efficient visual selection of transgenic rice plants using green fluorescent protein or anthocyanin synthetic genes (2011)

Visual selection enables transformation in plants that are sensitive to the stress of antibiotic selection. Furthermore, we proposed a method of isolating transformed cells in which the gene of interest is expressed at high level using visual selection. However, visual selection was inefficient and laborious because of the technical difficulties involved in clonal propagation of transformed calli selected using GFP (9.4–20.5% in the model japonica rice variety Nipponbare in our previous report). Very recently, we have discovered that an indica model cultivar, Kasalath, is very highly competent for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation compared to Nipponbare, suggesting that visual selection would be achieved more efficiently in Kasalath than in Nipponbare. We confirmed that the number of transformed cells emitting green fluorescence in Agrobacterium co-cultivated callus of Kasalath under no antibiotic pressure was >50-fold higher than the number obtained in Nipponbare. We succeeded in clonal propagation of GFP emitting cells at a frequency of 62.2–85% in Kasalath. Moreover, we showed that anthocyanin, that is an intrinsic pigmentation and thus might be more acceptable to consumers, can be used as an intrinsic marker in visual selection of rice. Thus, we propose that combination of the use of cultivar which has high transformation competency and visual selection system could enhance efficient production of transgenic rice expressing foreign gene product at higher level.
Les enrobes recycles a 100%. Du reve a la realite (2006)

Dans le cadre de Ia reconstruction complete du Centre d'Exploitation de la A1 de Bursins, chantier qui s'inscrit dans une perspective de developpement durable, en conciliant les exigences relatives a Ia societe, a l'economie et a l'ecologie, COLAS Suisse, en collaboration avec le bureau d'ingenieurs Chabloz & Partenaires SA a Lausanne et Ia division des Routes Nationales de l'Etat de Vaud, a propose au Maitre d'Ouvrage (service des batiments, monuments et archeologie de l'Etat de Vaud) une variante econologique, (alliant economie et ecologie) pour l'ensemble des amenagements exterieurs (routes et parking) permettant d'economiser 50% de consommation d'energie et 40% d'emission de gaz a effet de serre par rapport a Ia solution de base, ceci sans augmentation du prix! (A)
Well-defined mono(η3-allyl)nickel complex MONi(η3-C3H5) (M = Si or Al) grafted onto silica or alumina: a molecularly dispersed nickel precursor for syntheses of supported small size nickel nanoparticles (2014)

Preparing evenly-dispersed small size nickel nanoparticles over inert oxides remains a challenge today. In this context, a versatile method to prepare supported small size nickel nanoparticles (ca. 1-3 nm) with narrow size distribution via a surface organometallic chemistry (SOMC) route is described. The grafted mono(η(3)-allyl)nickel complexes ≡MONi(η(3)-C3H5) (M = Si or Al) as precursors are synthesized and fully characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR spectroscopy and paramagnetic solid-state NMR.
High Efficiency Loudspeakers for Personal Radio Receivers (1950)

The term personal radio receiver is used to designate a complete radio receiver with self-contained power supply, and of such physical dimensions that it can be easily carried by hand or in the pocket. The performance and compactness of personal radio receivers are limited by the efficiency with which electrical power is converted into sound power by the loudspeaker. Since the electrical power output is limited in the personal receiver, the efficiency of the loudspeaker is an important factor. A number of loudspeaker systems have been investigated, both theoretically and experimentally, as follows: direct radiator, combination direct radiator and phase inverter, horn, and combination horn and phase inverter. An efficiency of 25 percent has been obtained with the combination horn and phase inverter. This loudspeaker system has been incorporated in a complete four-tube radio receiver, having a content of 25 cubic inches.
109 Defining the Effectiveness of Lumbar Spine Surgery in a Nationwide, Prospective Longitudinal Quality of Life Registry (2014)

INTRODUCTION: Thirty percent of US healthcare expenditures support care that is ineffective in real-world (non-research) settings. Efficacious treatments in research settings often fail to prove effective at the individual-patient level when applied in everyday-care settings. Prospective patient-reported-outcome (PRO) registries measuring this wide spectrum of care may allow for identification of optimized care paradigms, refine surgical delivery, and demonstrate the value of spine surgery. METHODS: A nationwide, web-based, prospective, longitudinal 1-year outcomes registry was introduced into 49 spine practices. Using standardized process of representative sampling, baseline, perioperative, 3- and 12-month medical record and PRO was entered prospectively for 5 surgical spine diagnoses. RESULTS: To date, 37 sites with 236 surgeons from 29 US states have enrolled 7951 patients [2743 (34.8%) disc herniation, 2678 (34.0%) stenosis, 1549 (19.6%) spondylolisthesis, 487 (6.2%) recurrent-disc herniation, 426 (5.4%) adjacent segment disease] Table 1. Of 7951 patients enrolled, 4970 have passed 3-month follow-up with an 81% follow-up rate and 1822 have passed 12-month follow-up with a 74% follow-up rate. Mean pain (VAS-LP:6.9 vs 2.6, VAS-BP: 6.5 vs 3.3), disability (Oswestry Disability Index [ODI]: 49.8 vs 25.3), and quality-of-life (EuroQOL 5 dimensions questionnaire [EQ-5D]: 0.54 vs 0.76) were improved at 12-months postoperatively (P < .001) (Figure 1A). However, 194 (11%) patients reported no improvement in ODI (ranging 8-17% per diagnosis) and 536 (29.4%) failed to achieve a minimum-clinical-important-difference (MCID) level of improvement in ODI (range: 24%-48% per diagnosis) (Figure 1B). Only 65% of patients reported outcome met expectations, and 12% would not undergo surgery again. Lack of college degree, smoking, depression, back dominant symptoms, a prior spine surgery, workers comp or liability/disability claim, and symptom duration >3 months were associated with failure to achieve MCID 12 months after lumbar surgery. Patients with 2 (odds ratio [OR]: 1.2), 3 to 4 (OR: 2.1) or 5 (OR: 2.9) of these preoperative characteristics had increasing odds of treatment failure (Figure 2, Table 2). CONCLUSION: Lumbar surgery was effective at improving pain, disability, and quality-of-life for 5 common lumbar diagnoses. Significant variability exists in effectiveness of surgical care at individual-patient level, and many patients experience little to no benefit from surgery in current real-world practice paradigms. Individual patient profiles may identify patients least likely to improve.
The speed of a wave along a fluid/solid interface in the presence of anisotropy and prestress (1995)

The classical solution for the Scholte wave along a fluid and isotropic substrate is well known. However, when the substrate is either a weakly anisotropic solid, or the adjoining fluid is subject to a hydrostatic pressure, the analysis of Scholte wave propagation becomes rather complex and lengthy computations are required to obtain the solution. The purpose of this paper is to apply simple and computationally efficient expressions in the determination of Scholte wave speeds for substrates with either weak anisotropy or in the presence of uniform initial stresses and strains in the substrate and fluid media. Both of these two simple expressions are for the incremental change in the Scholte wave speed Δv/v from an appropriately selected isotropic, reference substrate and adjoining fluid under no hydrostatic pressure. The predictions of the Scholte wave speeds from the derived expressions agree to well within 1%–2% with the other approximation techniques for the high-frequency asymptotes of the Stoneley wave velocity dispersions in a fluid-filled borehole traversing either a weakly anisotropic formation or a formation with initial stresses and strains caused by a borehole pressurization.
Characterization of Glycoprotein H and L of Human Herpesvirus 7 (1997)

The genes encoding the glycoproteins H (gH) and L (gL) of human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7) have been identified. The gH open reading frame (ORF) was 2,070 base pairs in length and encoded a predicted 690 amino-acid protein. The gH contained characteristics of a transmembrane glycoprotein including 10 consensus N-linked glycosylation sites, 12 cysteine residues, a potential amino-terminal signal sequence and a predicted transmembrane segment located near the carboxyl terminus. The gL ORF was 738 base pairs in length and encoded a predicted 246 amino-acid protein. Four possible N-glycosylation sites and 6 cysteine residues existed within gL. The predicted amino-acid sequences of the HHV-7 gH and human herpesvirus 6 variant A (HHV-6A) gH gene products exhibited 23.6% identity to each other; and those of the gL gene products had 26.0% identity. Upon in vitro translation of the gL gene, the addition of microsomal membranes resulted in two modified products with molecular weights of 32 kDa and 35 kDa from the unmodified initial translation product of 26 kDa. An amino-terminal portion of gH and the full length of gL were expressed as glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins, and these proteins were used to raise immune sera in mice. Lysates of cells infected with HHV-7 were subjected to immunoprecipitation analysis. Approximate molecular weights of 33, 37, 80 and 90 kDa polypeptides were immunoprecipitated with antibodies against the gH protein. Antibodies against the gL protein polypeptides with the same molecular weights were also precipitated, and were observed with the antibodies against the gH protein. These results suggest that HHV-7 gH and gL may form a heterodimeric complex with each other in HHV-7 infected cells, as has been reported for other herpesviruses.
Effects of tibial plateau angle and spacer thickness applied during in vitro canine total knee replacement on three-dimensional kinematics and collateral ligament strain (2014)

Among the constructs tested, greatest normalization of canine stifle joint kinematics in vitro was achieved with the steepest plateau angle paired with the thinnest spacer. Furthermore, results indicated that strain to the collateral ligaments was not negatively affected by TKR.
Distinct Populations of Dendritic Cells in the Normal Human Donor Corneal Epithelium (2005)

purpose. To characterize dendritic cells (DC) in normal human corneal epithelium. methods. Normal human donor corneal epithelium was examined by fluorescence microscopy with single and double staining for multiple markers. Morphologic studies were also performed by confocal microscopy. HLA-DRa, CD1c, and CD16 mRNA expression in the corneal epithelium was examined by RT-PCR. CD45+ cells were separated from the corneal epithelium with magnetic beads and then were stimulated with TNF-α and lipopolysaccharide in vitro. results. CD45+ cells were mainly located in the basal-cell layer of the corneal epithelium and partly in the wing/surface layers. CD45-positive cell numbers were significantly higher in the peripheral cornea (3–6 mm from the center) than in the central cornea (0–3 mm from the center). All these cells expressed HLA-DR and CD11c but not CD3, CD11b, CD14, CD19, CD56, or CD66, suggesting that these were bone marrow–derived myeloid DC. Some DR+CD11c+ DCs from the periphery expressed CD1c and CD16. HLA-DRa, CD1c, and CD16 mRNAs were detected in normal corneal epithelium. These CD11c+ DCs did not express CD123, CD1a, DC marker (CMRF56), CD40, CD80, or CD86. When CD45+ cells were isolated from the corneal epithelium by magnetic cell sorting, CD40 and CD86 expression were detected after in vitro stimulation with TNF-α and lipopolysaccharide. conclusions. These findings demonstrate that normal human corneal epithelium contains at least three DC phenotypes, with HLA-DR+ myeloid lineage CD11c+CD16- DCs as the main population plus a small number of CD11c+CD16+ DCs and CD11c+CD1c+ DCs. These cells can be discriminated from bone marrow–derived cells in the human corneal stroma.
Talar Neck Fractures: Results and Outcomes (2004)

Fractures of the talar neck are associated with high rates of morbidity and complications. Although the numbers in the present series were small, no correlation was found between the timing of fixation and the development of osteonecrosis. Osteonecrosis was associated with talar neck comminution and open fractures, confirming that higher-energy injuries are associated with more complications and a worse prognosis. This finding was strengthened by the poor Foot Function Index and Musculoskeletal Function Assessment scores in these patients. We recommend urgent reduction of dislocations and treatment of open injuries. Proceeding with definitive rigid internal fixation of talar neck fractures after soft-tissue swelling has subsided may minimize soft-tissue complications.
A Prospective Randomized Trial of Novoste Right Versus Judkins Catheters for Engagement of the Right Coronary Artery During Diagnostic Catheterization (1993)

There has been little technical advancement in catheter shape for diagnostic cardiac catheterization since the early reports of Sones and colleagues during the development of the procedure. In order to determine the utility of a new catheter that directly, without torque or rotation, engages the right coronary artery (RCA), one hundred patients were randomized between 6Fr standard RCA Judkins (6Fr R4) (Cordis Corporation, Miami, FL, USA) or 6Fr Novoste RCA catheters (Novoste Corporation, Aguadilla, Puerto Rico). Endpoints included the duration of the various aspects of the procedure and a qualitative and quantitative assessment of angiographic quality. The Novoste RCA catheters were associated with statistically decreased times of catheter insertion (42 +/- 37 vs 90 +/- 119 secs), and engagement (31 +/- 35 vs 77 +/- 117 secs), of the right coronary artery as compared to Judkins catheters. Judkins RCA catheters had a significantly higher primary success rate (96%) than the Novoste group (84%, P = 0.045). There was no difference in angiographic quality in either group and no complications occurred during the study. While taller patients (mean 68 in) had increased success with the Novoste catheter, no other clinical, demographic, or anatomical characteristics of the RCA orifice predicted successful engagement and angiography. The direct engagement Novoste RCA catheter is associated with a more expeditious procedure than Judkins catheters when they can engage the RCA orifice. However, Novoste catheters were less successful and required more frequent exchanges to complete the procedure.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 3‐(2‐Guanidinoethyl) and 3‐(2‐(S‐Methylisothioureidoethyl) ) Analogues of 5‐Isopropyl 2,6‐Dimethyl‐1,4‐dihydro‐4‐(2,3‐ dichlorophenyl)pyridine‐3,5‐dicarboxylate as a Respective Releaser of Nitric Oxide and Inhibitor of Nitric Oxide Synthase. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.