gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Core excitons in ionic crystals: II. Calculation of the Na L<sub>II,III</sub>edge in NaF (1982)

For pt.I see ibid., vol.15, p.5033 (1982). The cluster approximation in the unrestricted Hartree-Fock limit is used in a computation of the Na LII,III X-ray edge in NaF. In these computations the appropriate boundary potential discussed by Kunz and Klein (1978) is imposed and is found to be essential. The results agree well with experiment. The authors discuss the basic correlation processes and argue that the agreement with experiment is partly due to a cancellation of two non-negligible contributions to the correlation energy. Methods for including these correlation effect are proposed.
Enhancement of drug withdrawal convulsion by combinations of phenobarbital and antipsychotic agents. (1981)

Antipsychotic agents which are considered to depressive to the central nervous system (CNS) but free of dependence liability were used in combination with barbiturates or tranquilizers to study the physical dependence liability in the so-enhanced CNS depression. In the study of physical dependence formation, when CNS depression was maintained in an enhanced stage during the continuous application of the drug combinations, the withdrawal convulsions were enhanced in both frequency and severity. In the crossphysical dependence study, two-drug combinations, i.e., phenobarbital (PhB)-chloropromazine (CPZ), PhB-diphenhydramine (DPH) and nitrazepam-chlorprothixene, and 3-drug combinations (i.e., PhB-CPZ-promethazine and PhB-CPZ-DPH were evaluated. The 2-drug combinations suppressed some of the withdrawal signs, but those at high dosages showed a tendency to aggravate the signs. The 3-drug combinations differed from the 2-drug combinations in that the suppression of withdrawal signs was synergistically enhanced and the barbital withdrawal signs were weak. In conclusion, when CNS depression with PhB was enhanced with combinations of dependence liability-free drugs the drug combinations enhanced withdrawal convulsions both in frequency and severity. The sedation enhanced by the combinations did not always parallel the suppression of barbital withdrawal.
A Non-sequence-specific Double-stranded RNA Structural Element Regulates Splicing of Two Mutually Exclusive Exons of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2 (FGFR2) (2002)

Alternative splicing of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) mutually exclusive exons IIIb and IIIc represents a tightly regulated and functionally relevant example of post-transcriptional gene regulation. Rat prostate cancer DT3 and AT3 cell lines demonstrate exclusive selection of either exon IIIb or exon IIIc, respectively, and have been used to characterize regulatory FGFR2 RNA cis-elements that are required for splicing regulation. Two sequences termed ISE-2 and ISAR are located in the intron between exons IIIb and IIIc and are required for cell-type specific exon IIIb. Previous studies suggest that the function of these elements involves formation of an RNA stem structure, even though they are separated by more than 700 nucleotides. Using transfected minigenes, we performed a systematic analysis of the sequence and structural components of ISE-2 and ISAR that are required for their ability to regulate FGFR2 splicing. We found that the primary sequence of these elements can be replaced by completely unrelated sequences, provided that they are also predicted to form an RNA stem structure. Thus, a nonsequence-specific double stranded RNA stem constitutes a functional element required for FGFR2 splicing; suggesting that a double-stranded RNA binding protein is a component of the splicing regulatory machinery.
Resistance of cytolytic lymphocytes to perforin-mediated killing. Induction of resistance correlates with increase in cytotoxicity. (1989)

CTL and NK cells cultured in vitro are known to produce a cytolytic pore-forming protein (PFP, perforin) localized in their cytoplasmic granules. Using purified perforin, we showed here that both cloned CTL and primary killer cell populations, including allospecific CTL, NK/lymphokine-activated killer cells, and MHC-non-restricted CTL, were more resistant to perforin-mediated killing than other lymphocyte populations and cell types. Similar results were obtained with both murine and human cytolytic lymphocyte populations. Resistance of killer cells to perforin correlated in general with their cytolytic capability. Thus, cells that have acquired competence to kill after stimulation with Con A, IL-2, or leukocyte-conditioned medium, were also the more resistant cells. IL-2-independent CTL lines and hybridomas derived in our laboratories could be triggered to become cytotoxic and perforin resistant by short-term stimulation with various cytokines, indicating that the acquisition of resistance to perforin-mediated lysis was independent of cell proliferation. Activation of one IL-2-independent CTL line with IL-2 also resulted in enhanced production of perforin and in enhanced serine esterase activity. The acquisition of cell resistance to perforin by these IL-2-independent cell lines after activation with stimulatory reagents was independent of protein and RNA neosynthesis: emetine, cycloheximide, and actinomycin D, while effectively blocking the incorporation of [35S]methionine into cell proteins, did not affect the induced increase in perforin resistance.
Measurement of the Effect of Playground Surface Materials on Hand Impact Forces During Upper Limb Fall Arrests (2014)

Distal radius fractures are common on playgrounds. Yet current guidelines for the selection of playground surface materials are based only on protection against fall-related head injuries. We conducted "torso release" experiments to determine how common playground surface materials affect impact force applied to the hand during upper limb fall arrests. Trials were acquired for falls onto a rigid surface, and onto five common playground surface materials: engineered wood fiber, gravel, mulch, rubber tile, and sand. Measures were acquired for arm angles of 20 and 40 degrees from the vertical. Playground surface materials influenced the peak resultant and vertical force (P<.001), but not the peak horizontal force (P=.159). When compared with the rigid condition, peak resultant force was reduced 17% by sand (from 1039 to 864 N), 16% by gravel, 7% by mulch, 5% by engineered wood fiber, and 2% by rubber tile. The best performing surface provided only a 17% reduction in peak resultant force. These results help to explain the lack of convincing evidence from clinical studies on the effectiveness of playground surface materials in preventing distal radius fractures during playground falls, and highlight the need to develop playground surface materials that provide improved protection against these injuries.
Non‐competitive Inhibition of ATP Binding to the Carboxyl Terminus of Kir6.2 by Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acids (2006)

Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) potently and stereospecifically activate the cardiac ATP‐sensitive K + (Kir6.2) channels by reducing channel sensitivity to ATP. In this study, we determined the effects of EETs on the binding of ATP to Kir6.2 by using 2,4,6‐trinitrophenyl (TNP)‐ATP, which increases fluorescence emission >8‐fold with binding to protein, and by using GST fusion protein containing Kir6.2. TNP‐ATP binds to the GST fusion protein containing the Kir6.2C‐terminus but not to that with the Kir6.2N‐terminus. Binding of TNP‐ATP to GST‐Kir6.2C (K D 5.0 μ M) was unchanged by 5 μ M 11,12‐EET (K D 4.4 μ M) but B max was reduced by half, suggesting non‐competitive inhibition of ATP binding. The effect of 11,12‐EET was dose‐dependent and 8,9‐ and 14,15‐EETs were equipotent inhibitors of TNP‐ATP binding to GST‐Kir6.2C. Arachidonic acid and 11,12‐DHET were not effective inhibitors, whereas the methyl ester of 11,12‐EET was as effective as 11,12‐EET in inhibiting TNP‐ATP binding to GST‐Kir6.2C. R195A mutation in GST‐Kir6.2C abolished the EET effects on TNP‐ATP binding, while the K185A mutation, which reduced ATP binding to Kir6.2, had no effect. These findings are consistent with previous patch clamp results that showed the epoxide group in EET and R195 in Kir6.2 are critical for K ATP channel activation by EET. We conclude that EETs bind to the C‐terminus of the K ATP channel and allosterically alter the ATP binding site, reducing the channel sensitivity to ATP.
Experimental verification of layout physical verification of silicon photonics (2018)

Silicon photonics have been approved as one of the best platforms for dense integration of photonic integrated circuits (PICs) due to the high refractive index contrast among its materials. Silicon on insulator (SOI) is a widespread photonics technology, which support a variety of devices for lots of applications. As the photonics market is growing, the number of components in the PICs increases which increase the need for an automated physical verification (PV) process. This PV process will assure reliable fabrication of the PICs as it will check both the manufacturability and the reliability of the circuit. However, PV process is challenging in the case of PICs as it requires running an exhaustive electromagnetic (EM) simulations. Our group have recently proposed an empirical closed form models for the directional coupler and the waveguide bends based on the SOI technology. The models have shown a very good agreement with both finite element method (FEM) and finite difference time domain (FDTD) solvers. These models save the huge time of the 3D EM simulations and can be easily included in any electronic design automation (EDA) flow as the equations parameters can be easily extracted from the layout. In this paper we present experimental verification for our previously proposed models. SOI directional couplers with different dimensions have been fabricated using electron beam lithography and measured. The results from the measurements of the fabricate devices have been compared to the derived models and show a very good agreement. Also the matching can reach 100% by calibrating certain parameter in the model.
PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF THE ATMOSPHERIC RADIATIVE HEATING FIELDS IN AUTUMN IN THE MID LATITUDE ARID AREAS OF CHINA (1992)

A parameterized radiation and cloud model developed at the University of Utah,U.S.A.has been used to compute the atmospheric radiative properties in Zhangye area during the pilot experiment of HEIFE in September of 1988.Some characteristics of atmospheric radiative heating fields during the autumn in Zhangye area have been analysed,and some questions that merit attention in the future observation are also discussed in this paper.
Impact of high energy particles on InGaP/InGaAs pseudomorphic HEMTs (1998)

Irradiation damage and its recovery behavior resulting from thermal annealing in InGaP/InGaAs pseudomorphic HEMTs, subjected to a 20 MeV alpha ray and 220 MeV carbon, are studied for the first time. The drain current and effective mobility decrease after irradiation, while the threshold voltage increases in positive direction. The degradation of device performance increases with increasing fluence. The decrease of the mobility is thought to be due to the scattering of channel electrons with the induced lattice defects and also to the decrease of the electron density in the two dimensional electron gas (2DEG) region. The influence of the radiation source on the degradation and recovery is discussed by comparison with 1 MeV electron and 1 MeV fast neutron exposures with respect to the number of knock-on atoms and the nonionizing energy loss (NIEL). Isochronal thermal annealing for temperatures ranging from 75 to 300/spl deg/C shows that the device performance degraded by the irradiation recovers completely.
ACCURATE LOCALIZATION OF INSULINOMA USING PERCUTANEOUS TRANSHEPATIC PORTAL VENOUS SAMPLING—USEFULNESS OF SIMULTANEOUS MEASUREMENT OF PLASMA INSULIN AND GLUCAGON LEVELS (1985)

By means of percutaneous transhepatic portal venous sampling (PTVS), plasma insulin and glucagon levels were determined simultaneously at various sites of the hepatic portal venous system in two patients with insulinoma and four patients without. In the two cases of insulinoma, an obvious rise of insulin concentration was observed at the vicinity of the tumour, while glucagon levels were not elevated in the blood samples showing an insulin peak. In the remaining four cases without evidence of insulinoma, significant step-ups of plasma insulin occurred in the splenic vein as well, but were accompanied with concomitant elevation of plasma glucagon levels in the same blood samples. Thus, by measuring insulin alone, false positive data may frequently be obtained when PTVS is performed on patients with suspected insulinomas. The simultaneous measurement of insulin and glucagon might be helpful in avoiding such errors.
Informedia News-On Demand: Using Speech Recognition to Create a Digital Video Library (1998)

In theory, speech recognition technology can make any spoken words in video or audio media usable for text indexing, search and retrieval. This article describes the News-on-Demand application created within the Informedia Digital Video Library project and discusses how speech recognition is used in transcript creation from video, alignment with closed-captioned transcripts, audio paragraph segmentation and a spoken query interface. Speech recognition accuracy varies dramatically depending on the quality and type of data used. Informal information retrieval tests show that reasonable recall and precision can be obtained with only moderate speech recognition accuracy.
A Service Provision Model Based on Context Awareness for Ubiquitous Computing (2007)

Ubiquitous computing environment has become more popular as a highly open, heterogeneous and service-rich domain, which makes it essential and important for end-users to build a reasonable service provision model. The critical issue for service provision is how to sense context information and provide personalized services according to current context and user's requirement. This paper presents a service provision model based on context-awareness for dynamic ubiquitous computing environment called C-SPM. C-SPM provides context-aware service that is aware of context information, and uses intelligent provision mechanism to provide personalized services for users according to their context and requirements.
Optical Beamforming Network Based on Fiber-Optical Delay Lines and Spatial Light Modulators for Large Antenna Arrays (2006)

An optical beamformer for antenna arrays based on fiber-optical delay lines for feeding subarrays and spatial light modulators to change the radio-frequency phase of independent antenna elements is proposed. The architecture has the potential to control antenna arrays of a large number of elements. Preliminary experimental results to show the feasibility of the concept are provided
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 Tax protein transforms rat fibroblasts via two distinct pathways (1997)

The human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) Tax protein activates the transcription of several cellular genes. This function is thought to play a critical role in the Tax-dependent transformation step in HTLV-1 leukemogenesis. Tax activates transcription via three enhancers: the cyclic AMP response element (CRE)-like sequence, the kappaB element, and the CArG box. Their involvement in the transformation of rat fibroblasts by Tax was examined by colony formation of Rat-1 cells in soft agar and Ras cooperative focus formation of rat embryo fibroblasts (REF). Among Tax mutants, those retaining activity for the CArG box transformed REF like wild-type Tax, while those inactive for the CArG box did not. Thus, the activation of the CArG box pathway is essential for the transformation of REF by Tax. In contrast, activation of the kappaB element correlated with the transformation of Rat-1 by Tax. These results show that Tax transforms rat fibroblasts via two distinct pathways.
Microstructure and Performance of New Metal Glass Composite TBC (2008)

A new concept of thermal barrier coating (TBC) system is presented, based on a metal-glass composite (MGC). Plasma sprayed coatings have been produced by either spraying of a premixed metal-glass powders or by co-spraying of separate glass and metal powder. The parameters of these two process methods have been optimized. The microstructure and the properties of the resulting coatings were compared. During subsequent thermal treatment, the as plasma sprayed metal-glass coatings are subjected to phase evolution, especially crystallization of the glass phase. This evolution has been studied in detail by X–ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy. Another possibility for the deposition of MGC coatings is slip casting with a subsequent sintering step. For this deposition method, the research interest was on the examination of different slurries with a variation in the solid content and the binder type. The thermal expansion coefficient of the metal glass composite can be tailored to the thermal expansion of the substrate by varying the metal-glass ratio. This leads to reduced thermal stresses and improved thermal cycling life times. Coatings of more than 600 μm thickness can be produced, with a good high temperature performance, because of the low thermal expansion mismatch. Another advantage of the gas tight composite coatings is their ability to protect the bond coat from severe oxidation. Correspondingly, long life times have been found for these TBCs in oxidation tests.
Optimizing locomotion controllers using biologically-based actuators and objectives (2012)

We present a technique for automatically synthesizing walking and running controllers for physically-simulated 3D humanoid characters. The sagittal hip, knee, and ankle degrees-of-freedom are actuated using a set of eight Hill-type musculotendon models in each leg, with biologically-motivated control laws. The parameters of these control laws are set by an optimization procedure that satisfies a number of locomotion task terms while minimizing a biological model of metabolic energy expenditure. We show that the use of biologically-based actuators and objectives measurably increases the realism of gaits generated by locomotion controllers that operate without the use of motion capture data, and that metabolic energy expenditure provides a simple and unifying measurement of effort that can be used for both walking and running control optimization.
CRC-113 gene expression signature for predicting prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer (2015)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of global cancer mortality. Recent studies have proposed several gene signatures to predict CRC prognosis, but none of those have proven reliable for predicting prognosis in clinical practice yet due to poor reproducibility and molecular heterogeneity. Here, we have established a prognostic signature of 113 probe sets (CRC-113) that include potential biomarkers and reflect the biological and clinical characteristics. Robustness and accuracy were significantly validated in external data sets from 19 centers in five countries. In multivariate analysis, CRC-113 gene signature showed a stronger prognostic value for survival and disease recurrence in CRC patients than current clinicopathological risk factors and molecular alterations. We also demonstrated that the CRC-113 gene signature reflected both genetic and epigenetic molecular heterogeneity in CRC patients. Furthermore, incorporation of the CRC-113 gene signature into a clinical context and molecular markers further refined the selection of the CRC patients who might benefit from postoperative chemotherapy. Conclusively, CRC-113 gene signature provides new possibilities for improving prognostic models and personalized therapeutic strategies.
Mucosal changes of trachea and bronchi after resection for carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus. (1989)

昭和61年1月より62年12月までに当科で切除術を受けた胸部食道癌72例中25例 (35%) に気道粘膜の変化が認められた. この変化は第1ないし第2病日に発症する例が多かった. 癌の占居部位ではIu (60%), Im (37%), Ei (22%) の順で発生率が高かった. 術式別の検討では, 頸部吻合例 (40%) が胸腔内吻合例 (21%) に比べ2倍発生率が高かった. 特に頸部上縦隔の拡大リンパ節郭清を施行した例では6例中5例と高頻度で発生していた. 右気管支動脈温存の有無は本症の発生に影響をおよぼしていなかった. 気道粘膜の変化の陽性例では陰性例に比べ有意に肺合併症の発生率が高く (44%: 9%p<0.01), 厳重な呼吸管理が必要である.
Avalanche breakdown and breakdown luminescence in <i>p</i> -π- <i>n</i> GaN diodes (1998)

The authors report the observation of electric breakdown in graded p-π-n GaN photodiodes. The breakdown is accompanied by microplasma formation. The photocurrent strongly increases at the breakdown voltages, demonstrating a potential use of these devices as avalanche photodiodes (APDs).
Low-resistance submicron CVD W interlevel via plugs on Al-Cu-Si (2003)

The most critical issues of interfacial contact between CVD (chemical vapor deposition) W and Al-Cu-Si in submicron vias using SiH/sub 4/ and H/sub 2/ reduction of WF/sub 6/ are addressed. The effect of process parameters of selective CVD W, especially when deposited by SiH/sub 4/-based chemistry, on contact resistance to Al-Cu-Si is evaluated for the first time. It is observed that out of all process parameters the deposition temperature affects the contact resistance the most. As the deposition temperature increases, the contact resistance of the stack W/Al-Cu-Si decreases. Specific resistivities, as low as 3-5*10/sup -9/ Omega cm/sup 2/, are realized at turret temperatures of 550 degrees C. On the other hand, the contact resistances are relatively unaffected by partial pressures of SiH/sub 4/ or WF/sub 6/. As a result the growth rates which are dependent on partial pressures do not control the contact resistances. Phosphoric-chromic and buffered hydrofluoric acid cleanings combined with higher deposition temperatures yield relatively superior contact resistance compared to other cleaning techniques.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Establishment of a clonal strain of hepatoma cells derived from Morris hepatoma 8999. (1977)

A new line of tissue culture cells derived from a slow-growing hepatoma 8999 was established and named 8999C. The isolation method, growth pattern, and morphology of the 8999C cells are described. Several hepatic enzyme activities in 8999C cells were compared to those in the original hepatoma 8999. The ornithine aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.13), tyrosine aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.5), and arginase (EC 3.5.3.1) activities in the 8999C cells were one-third, one-tenth, and one-hundredth of those of the respective activities in the original hepatoma 8999, and mitochondrial serine protease, which has much higher activity in hepatoma 8999 than in normal liver cells, was not detected in 8999C cells. Tyrosine aminotransferase in 8999C cells was induced by dexamethasone but not by N6,O2'-dibutyryladenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate or insulin. Unlike in hepatoma 8999, glucocorticoid did not induce arginase in 8999C cells.
Ueber das Vorkommen von Metallen in der menschlichen Leber (1913)

s e n und K u p f e r auch Z i n k gefunden, und zwar so vie1 als mit 80 mg Zinkoxyd in 1 kg Leichenteilen iibereinstimmt.Obwohl die neuere toxikologiache Literaturl) das Vorkommen von Zink in Leichenteilen nicht erwahnt, meirlten wir doch nicht ohne weiteres auf eine Vergiftung mit einer Zinkvcrbindung schlieDen zu konnen, \veil ja schon D r a g e n d o r f P) zur Vorsicht mahnt.Auch findet sich bei 0 g i e r3) folgender Passus: ,,On trouve donc du zinc dam les organes, souvent, mois pas toujours, de m6me que l'on y trouve parfois du cuivre.Mais il s'agit toujours de trds petites doses."0 g i e r fend zu dieser Auslassung Rerechtigung durch die Untersuchungen von L e c h a r t i e r und B e 1 1 a m y4).Dime und die Mitteilungen von R a o u 1 t und B r e t o n6) sind die einzigen, welch wir in der Literatur finden konnten.t