gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Volumetric imaging of inner retina with adaptive optics spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (2007)

Adaptive optics (AO) coupled with ultra-fast spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) has achieved the necessary 3D resolution, sensitivity, and speed for imaging the microscopic retina at the cellular level. While this technology has been rigorously applied to evaluating the 3D morphology of cone photoreceptors, similar detailed studies of cell-sized structures in the inner retina have yet to be undertaken. In this paper, we improve the technical performance of our AO ultrafast SD-OCT and investigate its use for imaging the microscopic inner retina, in particular the nerve fiber layer (NFL) and retinal capillary network. To maximize lateral resolution within the inner retina, focus was controlled with a high stroke, 37-actuator bimorph mirror (AOptix) that also served as the wavefront corrector of the AO. The AO system operated at a closed-loop rate of 25 Hz. The SD-OCT sub-system consisted of a superluminescent diode (&lgr;= 842 nm, &Dgr;&lgr;= 50 nm) and a 512 pixel line scan charge-coupled device (CCD) that acquired 72,000 A-scans/sec. Three different B-scan lengths (36, 60, and 120 A-scans/B-scan), which correspond to B-scan exposure durations of 0.5, 0.83, and 1.67 ms, were evaluated to determine the maximum B-scan length that could be tolerated without noticeable loss in image quality due to eye motion in the well fixated eye. Additional technical improvements included sub-pixel registration to remove instrument error and axial registration of the volume images. Small volume images were acquired at 2 and 7 degrees retinal eccentricity with focus systematically shifted through the retina. Small capillaries, some approaching the smallest in the human eye, were readily detected with AO SD-OCT. Appearance of the nerve fiber layer varied noticeably with depth. The most inner portion (presumably the inner limiting membrane) appeared as a thin irregular surface with little characteristic speckle noise. Within the NFL, complex striation patterns (presumably NFL bundles) were observed throughout the entire thickness with pattern density highest in the inner portion (~15 &mgr;m) and large corrugations (~35 &mgr;m) at the interface with the ganglion cell layer below. Speckle noise was significant throughout the NFL.
A DNA topoisomerase VI–like complex initiates meiotic recombination (2016)

The SPO11 protein catalyzes the formation of meiotic DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) and is homologous to the A subunit of an archaeal topoisomerase (topo VI). Topo VI are heterotetrameric enzymes comprising two A and two B subunits; however, no topo VIB involved in meiotic recombination had been identified. We characterized a structural homolog of the archaeal topo VIB subunit [meiotic topoisomerase VIB-like (MTOPVIB)], which is essential for meiotic DSB formation. It forms a complex with the two Arabidopsis thaliana SPO11 orthologs required for meiotic DSB formation (SPO11-1 and SPO11-2) and is absolutely required for the formation of the SPO11-1/SPO11-2 heterodimer. These findings suggest that the catalytic core complex responsible for meiotic DSB formation in eukaryotes adopts a topo VI-like structure.
Characterization of Fuel Cell Vehicle Duty Cycle Elements (2002)

This report covers research done as part of US Department of Energy contract DE-PS26-99FT14299 with the Fuel Cell Propulsion Institute on the fuel cell RATLER{trademark} vehicle, Lurch, as well as work done on the fuel cells designed for the vehicle. All work contained within this report was conducted at the Robotic Vehicle Range at Sandia National Laboratories in Albuquerque New Mexico. The research conducted includes characterization of the duty cycle of the robotic vehicle. This covers characterization of its various abilities such as hill climbing and descending, spin-turns, and driving on level ground. This was accomplished with the use of current sensors placed in the vehicle in conjunction with a Data Acquisition System (DAS), which was also created at Sandia Labs. Characterization of the two fuel cells was accomplished using various measuring instruments and techniques that will be discussed later in the report. A Statement of Work for this effort is included in Appendix A. This effort was able to complete characterization of vehicle duty cycle elements using battery power, but problems with the fuel cell control systems prevented completion of the characterization of the fuel cell operation on the benchtop and in the vehicle. Some data was obtained characterizing the fuel cell current-voltage performance and thermal rise rate by bypassing elements of the control system.
Midinfrared intersubband absorption in strain-compensated InGaP/InGaAs superlattices on (001) GaAs (2003)

Intersubband optical transitions in strain-compensated In0.32Ga0.68As–In0.32Ga0.68P superlattices grown using gas-source molecular-beam epitaxy on (001)GaAs are investigated by means of midinfrared absorption and low-temperature photoluminescence. Strong absorption corresponding to the transition from the first to second electronic subband is measured at wavelengths between 5.6 and 10.5 μm. The data indicate that the conduction band offset between the strained In0.32Ga0.68As and the strained In0.32Ga0.68P is 370 meV and the electron effective mass in the strained In0.32Ga0.68As well is 0.060m0. This material system is an interesting GaAs-based candidate for applications in midinfrared intersubband emitters and detectors.
20.6 A blocker-resilient wideband receiver with low-noise active two-point cancellation of &#x003E;0dBm TX leakage and TX noise in RX band for FDD/Co-existence (2014)

The demand for lower cost and form factor and increased re-configurability in wireless systems has driven the investigation of blocker-tolerant software-defined radios [1-4]. While promising, a reduction in system form-factor will result in lower isolation among antennas due to the co-existence of multiple ratios or lower isolation within duplexers for FDD systems due to their reduced size and/or increased re-configurability. Out-of-band (OOB) powerful modulated TX-leakage due to limited antenna/duplexer isolation imposes challenges that are more severe than those posed by continuous-wave (CW) blockers by several orders of magnitude, including cross-modulation, second-order intermodulation and TX noise in the RX band (Fig. 20.6.1). Analysis shows that in the face of 0dBm peak TX leakage and a -30dBm CW in-band jammer, to achieve -90dBm sensitivity with 7dB SNR over 2MHz signal BW, a transceiver must exhibit +30dBm receiver OOB IIP3 and -160dBc/Hz TX noise in RX band.
Lansoprazole, an antiulcerative drug (2000)

Lansoprazole, 2-({[3-methyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluroethoxy)­pyri­din-2-yl]­methyl}­sulfinyl)-1H-benz­imidazole, C16H14F3N3O2S, is an antiulcerative agent. The mol­ecules in the lattice are held together by intermolecular hydrogen bonds between the NH group of benz­imidazole and the sulfinyl O atom.
Steroids. IV. A Synthetic Route to A-Bisnorsteroids<sup>1</sup> (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSteroids. IV. A Synthetic Route to A-Bisnorsteroids1M. P. Cava and B. R. VogtCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1965, 30, 11, 3775–3780Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01022a043https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01022a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views70Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Advances in Total Knee Arthroplasty (2014)

The incidence of lower extremity total joint arthroplasty has increased tremendously during the past decade. In addition, there has been a change in the demographics of patients who undergo total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Nearly 41% of all TKAs (1.5 million procedures) in the United States were performed in patients who were 50 to 69 years of age.[1] With the current trends of cost reductions in the healthcare sector, there has been an increasing need for the development of newer cost-effective technologies in total joint arthroplasty with the ultimate potential goal of improving limb alignment, enhancing functional outcomes, providing more durable implant fixation, and superior overall implant survivorship. This initially led to the development of computer-assisted navigation, and more recently, in the use of patient-specific instrumentation in TKA. Moreover, the ensuing decade has also seen great progress in the technological front in TKA with the development of modern fabrication technologies such as additive layer manufacturing that are purportedly more commercially viable and have the potential to make a profound impact on the manufacturing of anatomically more conforming and complex implant geometries at faster rates and lower costs.[2] [3] [4] In this special supplement on the "Advances in Total Knee Arthroplasty" we will review some of these modern technologies.
Spectroscopic Methods for the Physical Characterization and Formulation of Nonviral Gene Delivery Systems (2008)

Currently, with the exception of naked DNA formulations, most pharmaceutical preparations of plasmid DNA employ some type of polycationic delivery vector such as synthetic cationic polymers and lipids to enhance delivery. A number of biophysical techniques are readily available for the structural characterization of plasmid DNA within synthetic gene delivery complexes. Here we present applications of ultraviolet (UV) absorption, circular dichroism (CD), infrared (IR), and fluorescence spectroscopies as well as dynamic light scattering to the structural analysis of the oligonucleotide component of nonviral gene delivery vectors. We also illustrate this approach for the investigation of the formulation of lipoplex and polyplex-based gene delivery systems. To summarize such data, we show how the macromolecular complexes can be represented as vectors in a highly dimensional space in which the components of the vector consist of normalized values of experimental parameters measured as a function of different solution conditions such as pH and ionic strength.
Temperature Gradient in the Unfrozen Liquid Layer for Multiphase Energy Balance With Incoming Droplets (2003)

Phase change heat transfer with impinging supercooled droplets on an ice surface is examined. Partial solidification of incoming droplets leads to an unfrozen water layer above the ice. The significance of temperature variations within the water layer is considered. The multiphase energy balance is shown to approach the measured rate of ice growth when the surface heat input is lowered sufficiently. This asymptotic behavior is essential for establishing the proper role of heat conduction in the solid and liquid (unfrozen water) layers. Predicted results are successfully validated by comparisons with experimental data involving ice buildup on heated circular conductors.
Hormonal Regulation of Thecal Cell Function during Antral Follicle Development in Bovine Ovaries* (1990)

The hormonal regulation of thecal cell function was investigated with cells isolated at various stages of antral follicle development. Bovine thecal cells were isolated from small antral, medium antral, and large Graffian follicles (small, medium, and large ovarian follicles). Serum-free cultures of thecal cells were established and viable for a minimum of 6-8 days of culture. The purity of the thecal cell population was characterized cytochemically and was found to contain less than 5% endothelial cell and/or granulosa cell contamination. The steroidogenic capacity of this purified population of thecal cells in serum-free culture was examined through an analysis of androgen and progesterone production. Androgen production was high during the first 3 days of culture, then declined to undetectable levels. Production of androstenedione was approximately 10-fold higher than production of testosterone. Progesterone production remained relatively constant throughout the 8-day culture period. hCG was found to stimulate androgen production during days 1-3 of culture, but had a negligible effect on progesterone production. In contrast, hCG stimulated progesterone production during days 3-6 of culture, but had a negligible effect on androgen production. Insulin stimulated progesterone production during days 3-6 of culture, but had no effect on androgen or progesterone production during days 1-3 of culture. The minimum effective concentrations of hCG and insulin required to stimulate steroidogenesis of the thecal cells ranged from approximately 1-10 ng/ml. Addition of serum to the cultures decreased androgen production and suppressed the hormone responsiveness of the cells. Thecal cells in culture appear to alter their steroidogenic capacity from an androgen-producing cell to a progesterone-producing cell. Analysis of the developmental regulation of thecal cell function revealed that androgen production and hormone responsiveness were relatively constant in small, medium, and large follicles. In contrast, progesterone production and hormone responsiveness were highest in small follicles, intermediate in medium follicles, and lowest in large follicles. A more general analysis of the developmental regulation of thecal cell function examined the secretion of radiolabeled proteins. A large number of radiolabeled proteins were secreted by thecal cells, ranging in molecular mass from 5-500 kDa. Interestingly, insulin and hCG had no major effect on secretion of proteins by cells isolated from any of the stages of development examined.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Multiple modulation spectroscopy at radiofrequencies for picosecond laser spectroscopy (1985)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text E. L. Quitevis, E. F. Gudgin Templeton, and G. A. Kenney-Wallace, "Multiple modulation spectroscopy at radiofrequencies for picosecond laser spectroscopy," Appl. Opt. 24, 318-321 (1985) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
The Moments of Matched and Mismatched Hidden (1990)

An algorithm for computing the moments of matched and mismatched hidden Markov models from their defining parameters is presented. The algorithm is of general interest because it is an exten- sion of the usual forward-hackward linear recursion. The algorithm computes the joint moments of the posterior likelihood functions (i.e., the scores) by a multilinear recursion involving the joint moments of the random variables associated with the hidden states of the Markov chain. Examples comparing the first two theoretical moments to sim- ulation results are presented. They are of independent interest because they indicate that the distribution of the posterior likelihood function scores for matched and mismatched models are asymptotically log-nor- mal in important special cases and, therefore, are characterized asymptotically by the first two moments alone. One example discusses the effect of a noisy discrete communication channel on a suboptimal classification method based on the distributions of scores rather than on maximum likelihood classification.
Concise General Synthesis of .alpha.,.gamma.-Disubstituted .beta.-Amino Ketones from .beta.-Lactams (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConcise General Synthesis of .alpha.,.gamma.-Disubstituted .beta.-Amino Ketones from .beta.-LactamsClaudio Palomo, Jesus M. Aizpurua, Jesus M. Garcia, Miren Iturburu, and Jose M. OdriozolaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 18, 5184–5188Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00097a020https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00097a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views305Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
GENERAL ELECTRIC VALLECITOS BOILING WATER REACTOR. Final Hazards Summary Report (1958)

All the pertinent information describing the Vallecitos Boiling Water Reactor contained in the first edition, amendments to the License Application, the results of analytical studies, and experimental data obtained during operation is consolidated. The maximum and minimum limits of reactor operation are set forth. Descriptions of the reactor, the facility, and the site; procedures for reactor operation and fuel testing; and plans, procedures, and protective devices relating to operational mistakes, accidents, or equipment failure are presented. The maximum credible accident and waste disposal are discussed. (W.D.M.)
Regulation of Glucose Metabolism in Pseudomonas (2009)

In Pseudomonas putida, genes for the glucose phosphorylative pathway and the Entner-Doudoroff pathway are organized in two operons; one made up of the zwf, pgl, and eda genes and another consisting of the edd, glk, gltR2, and gltS genes. Divergently with respect to the edd gene is the gap-1 gene. Expression from P(zwf), P(edd), and P(gap) is modulated by HexR in response to the availability of glucose in the medium. To study the regulatory process in greater detail we purified HexR and showed that it is a monomer in solution. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and isothermal titration calorimetry assays were done showing that HexR recognizes the P(edd), P(zwf), and P(gap-1) promoters with affinity in the nanomolar range. DNA footprinting assays identified the binding site between +30 and +1 at P(zwf), between +16 and +41 at P(edd), and between -6 and +18 at P(gap-1). Based on DNA sequence alignment of the target sites and isothermal titration calorimetry data, two monomers of HexR bind to a pseudopalindrome with a consensus sequence of 5'-TTGTN(7-8)ACAA-3'. Binding of the Entner-Doudoroff pathway intermediate 2-keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate to HexR released the repressor from its target operators, whereas other chemicals such as glucose, glucose 6-phosphate, and 6-phosphogluconate did not induce complex dissociation. The phosphorylated effector is likely to be recognized by a sugar isomerase domain located at the C-terminal end of HexR, whereas the helix-turn-helix DNA binding domain of HexR exhibits high similarity to proteins of the RpiR family of regulators.
Induction of differentiation of murine iPS cells into dendritic cells (2010)

目的: 再生医療の実現において, ヒト胚性幹細胞は拒絶反応や倫理的問題からその臨床応用は困難と考えられていたが, 近年iPS細胞の樹立により体細胞から多能性幹細胞を得ることが可能となり, 臨床への応用が期待されている. 特に樹状細胞は, 自己免疫疾患やアレルギーの発症抑制や抗腫瘍免疫療法などへの応用などが期待されており, iPS細胞誘導樹状細胞の作製は樹状細胞の臨床応用の観点からも高い意義を持つと考えられる. そこで本研究ではマウスiPS細胞から樹状細胞への分化誘導法の検討を行った. 材料および方法: マウスiPS-MEF-Ng-20D-17細胞をGM-CSFなどを用いて4段階に分けて培養を行い, 樹状細胞へと分化誘導を試みた. 培養後の細胞に対して形態学的解析, フローサイトメーターを用いた細胞表面分子の発現解析, 外来抗原の取り込み能, CD4 T細胞への抗原提示活性化能の解析を行い, 樹状細胞としての機能を備えているか判断した. 結果: 本培養方法において, 形態学的には樹状突起をもち, 樹状細胞マーカーであるCD11cの発現が認められる細胞がiPS細胞から誘導された. その成熟性に合わせて抗原提示細胞として必要なCD80, CD86, MHC class II, CD40の発現も認められた. 外来抗原の取り込み分解能も備え, CD4 T細胞の活性化も骨髄細胞誘導樹状細胞と同等かそれ以上の能力を備えていることが示された. 結論: 今回の培養方法によりiPS細胞から樹状細胞を誘導することが可能であると考えられた. 将来的にヒトに応用できれば, 樹状細胞を用いた治療方法の選択肢の一つになる可能性が示唆された.
Impact de la structure des aliments sur la biodisponibilité des micronutriments lipophiles : étude in vivo chez l’homme (2018)

Session MÉTABOLISME DES MACROS ET MICRONUTRIMENTS <br/>Session MÉTABOLISME DES MACROS ET MICRONUTRIMENTS<br/>Session MÉTABOLISME DES MACROS ET MICRONUTRIMENTS
Nondestructive examination discussion of the weld joint of steel structure in our country (2007)

It introduces the common nondestructive examination methods and their merits and faults of the weld joint of steel structure in our country,discusses the problems of applying these common methods in active projects,and brings forward the corresponding advice and suggestion,which will generalize the extensive application of the nondestructive examination of the weld joint of steel structure.
1P1-D17 Experimental Study on Manipulator Design having Low Collision Impact Force (2009)

This paper experimentally studies how the mechanism and system design of a manipulator affect the impact force when the manipulator collides with its environment. In this paper, from the perspective of impact force and impulse, two types of driving mechanisms are experimentally compared; a tendon-driven mechanism and a direct-driven mechanism. Also the effect of the absorber and the collision detection system are experimentally investigated. Finally, based on the knowledge obtained above, a single system design method of the manipulator to reduce the collision impact force is proposed and experimentally evaluated.
Cell expansion genes expression by therapeutic ultrasound. pros and cons. (2008)

Low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) could up-regulate Nucleostemin gene in rapidly proliferative and self renewal cells, was hypothesized. The bone marrow cells (BMSC) were isolated from tibiae and femora of 3 month old male Sprague-Dawley rats and the bone marrow was flushed with basic media using 10-ml syringe from both sides. Cells were seeded in in 75 mm flasks and were expanded in culture medium that contained 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 1% streptomycin, and ascorbic acid. LIPUS was applied for 20 minutes per day to the base of the cell culture flasks using a 2.5 cm 2 transducer that delivers 1.5 MHz with a duty cycle of a quarter. Samples were amplified for 22-30 cycles in an Eppendrof Master-cycle thermal cycler, and PCR reactions were electrophoresed on 2% agarose gels. The results show that LIPUS has increased Nucleostemin expression in both types of stem cells.
Integrin subunits alpha5 and alpha6 regulate cell cycle by modulating the chk1 and Rb/E2F pathways to affect breast cancer metastasis (2011)

This study indicates that Integrin α5 subunit functions as a potential metastasis suppressor, while α6 subunit functions as a metastasis promoter. The modulation of integrins reduces cdc25 A, another possible mechanism for downregulation of CDK2. Taken together we demonstrate a link between integrins and the chk1-cdc25-cyclin E/CDK2-Rb pathway.