gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Study on Fault Feature Extraction of High-Speed Automaton (2013)

In order to effectively extract the weak fault feature of high-speed automaton (HSA) in the environment with strong noises, a method of fault feature extraction was proposed based on wavelet packet energy entropy and fuzzy clustering algorithm. In this paper, wavelet packet was utilized to denoise the vibration signals of three working conditions of automaton, to decompose the signals and then to obtain eight frequency band energy entropies of each signal. Through processing and analyzing the features, the results show that there are obvious differences between three conditions, and the fuzzy clustering algorithm can identify the fault pattern of HSA accurately. The feature proposed by this extraction approach is proved to be able to effectively reflect the working state of the automaton, therefore the wavelet packet energy entropy could be considered as the feature parameters of HAS for fault identification and diagnosis. The fault feature extraction method can also provide a certain engineering application value for real-time monitoring and early fault diagnosis of this type HSA. DOI:  http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v11i10.3417
A Sweetgrass Method of Bullying Prevention for Native American Youth (2020)

<strong>A Sweetgrass Method of Bullying Prevention for Native American Youth</strong> <strong>Abstract</strong> The Sweetgrass Method of Bullying Prevention for Native Youth serves as an instrument and strategy to communicate, collaborate and continue healthy journeys for native people. Native Americans have held sweetgrass as sacred for a very long time. Sweetgrass is used to cleanse the heart so that our hearts feel the truth, grow in harmony and balance, and feel compassion, gentleness and thoughtfulness for others. The Sweetgrass Method forms a culturally responsive method of delivery for bullying prevention by looking at the three braiding strands: <em>introspective </em>(looking within self), <em>collaboration </em>with families (reaching out to others), and <em>continuity </em>(providing continued support) as a means of developing partnerships. What we bring from this is an understanding that we as educators will braid the introspective (self) with collaborative and constant support efforts for students and their families (Baez, 2011). Although the Sweetgrass Method is not an empirically based research approach, it is a method that addresses cultural partnerships with traditional practitioners as important stakeholders in addressing “traditionally” how Native youth should carry themselves in public.
Security of service requests for cloud based m-commerce (2012)

Cloud usage has already become a reality in users' everyday habits. Combining it with the wide adoption and use of mobile phones, mobile clouds seem to be the next step in mobile business. In our paper we analyze mobile cloud service requests with respect to the relevance they have for m-commerce and economy in large. We describe potential architecture solutions which include the use of UICCs (Universal Integrated Circuit Card). Finally, we illustrate the information flow of such a system with the example of mobile e-tickets and assess such architectures with respect to security, privacy and trust.
A framework for online learning: the Virtual-U (1999)

Much of the online post-secondary education available in North America and Europe has been created piecemeal. This situation arose because educators began adopting computer networking in the mid-1970s, soon after the invention of packet-switched networks (1969) and e-mail and computer conferencing (1971) for exchange of scientific information. In late 1993, the author set out to help design a system using the Internet that would encourage the adoption of a collaborative learning approach. She and her colleagues also wanted to develop embedded tools to meet the needs of both instructors and students. The goal of their system, now known as the Virtual-U (http://www.vu.vlei.com), was to provide a flexible framework to support advanced pedagogies based on active learning, collaboration, multiple perspectives, and knowledge building. With two years of field trials serving more than 8000 students and hosting 300 courses from 14 institutions, the Virtual-U provides a flexible yet well-organized framework for online, collaborative education. It brings together a multidisciplinary research team of educators, HCI specialists, engineers, computer scientists, and database and instructional designers, fulfilling the promise of integrated online learning.
Positron emission tomography scanning in gynecologic and breast cancers (2003)

Positron emission tomography with 2-[fluorine-18]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose reveals unique information about tumor metabolism in gynecologic malignancies and breast cancer. This technique is complementary to morphological imaging for primary diagnosis, staging and re-staging. It may become the method of choice for the early assessment of treatment response in breast cancer and the detection of recurrent disease in ovarian cancer. This method, however, cannot replace invasive procedures if microscopic disease is of clinical relevance.
Introduction to insect pest management (1994)

Partial table of contents: The Pest--Management Concept (W. Luckmann & R. Metcalf). Ecological Aspects of Pest Management (P. Price & G. Waldbauer). Plant Resistance in Pest Management (M. Kogan). Parasitoids and Predators in Management of Arthropod Pests (M. Hoy). Insect Pathogens as Biological Control Agents (J. Maddox). Insecticides in Pest Management (R. Metcalf). Systems Analysis and Modeling in Pest Management (W. Ruesink & D. Onstad). Cotton Insect Pest Management (R. Frisbie, et al.). Apple Insect Pest Management (R. Prokopy & B. Croft). Pest Management and the Future (W. Luckmann & M. Irwin).
Immune Checkpoint Therapy in Head and Neck Cancers (2016)

Most patients with head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) will present with advanced disease characterized by poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Our growing understanding of the complex crosstalk between tumor cells and the immune system has facilitated the development of promising therapies targeting immune checkpoints, such as programmed death 1 and the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4, which are producing considerable clinical responses. However, HNSCC tissues use diverse strategies to avoid immunosurveillance, thus limiting our ability to fully harness the immune system to achieve consistent and durable antitumor activity. This may be counteracted by optimizing the dosing, sequence, and timing of immune checkpoint therapies and by combining these regimens with other modalities such as radiation therapy, cancer vaccines, cytotoxic chemotherapies, and molecularly targeted agents. The present review summarizes the pathophysiological role of immune regulation in HNSCC and provides a concise update on the clinical translation of immune checkpoint therapies in this tumor type.
Trap-State Passivation by Nonvolatile Small Molecules with Carboxylic Acid Groups for Efficient Planar Perovskite Solar Cells (2019)

Trap-state passivation has been validated to efficiently improve the performance of perovskite solar cells. Small volatile molecules and polymers both have the ability to reduce the trap states in perovskite. Herein, we demonstrate the feasibility of passivation by nonvolatile small molecules with carboxylic acid groups such as benzoic acid, p-phthalic acid, and trimesic acid. They can obviously increase the fill factor of the photocurrent density–voltage curves. Furthermore, the relationship between the molecular structure and passivation effect is proposed by fixing the concentration of carboxylic acid groups. Trimesic-acid-doped perovskite solar cells significantly increase the power conversion efficiency from 12.52 ± 0.67 to 14.51 ± 0.81 (champion efficiency, 15.81%) under standard AM 1.5G illumination. Our work expands the chemical additives in perovskite and further demonstrates how the additive molecular structure influences the performance of solar cells.
Prevalence and outcome of partial remission in depression (2002)

The goal of treatment of major depression should be full remission. Many patients, however, fail to achieve or maintain symptom-free status. Residual depressive symptoms are common, even where there has been a robust response to antidepressant therapy. In clinical studies, approximately one-third of patients achieve a full remission, one-third experience a response and one-third are nonresponders. Partial remission is characterized by the presence of poorly defined residual symptoms. These symptoms typically include depressed mood, psychic anxiety, sleep disturbance, fatigue and diminished interest or pleasure. It is currently unclear which factors predict partial remission. However, it is clear that residual symptoms are powerful predictors of relapse, with relapse rates 3-6 times higher in patients with residual symptoms than in those who experience full remission. Residual symptoms are also associated with more medical and psychiatric visits, increased public assistance, disability benefits, thoughts of and attempts at suicide and chronicity. The risk of stroke and coronary events is also higher in patients with residual depressive symptoms. The substantial proportion of patients who achieve only partial remission has traditionally been neglected in antidepressant trials. Given that residual symptoms may relate, in part, to an incompatibility between patient and treatment, further research is needed to predict a better match. These symptoms are a clinically relevant state of illness, and the correct choice of initial antidepressant treatment should offer the greatest chance of achieving full remission.
Design and implementation of a high-power resonant DC-DC converter module for a reduced-scale prototype integrated power system (2001)

An Integrated Power System (IPS) with a DC Zonal Electrical Distribution System (DC ZEDS) is a strong candidate for the next generation submarine and surface ship. To study the implementation of an IPS with DC ZEDS, members of the Energy Sources Analysis Consortium (ESAC) are currently constructing a reduced-scale laboratory. One fundamental component of DC ZEDS is the Ships Service Converter Module (SSCM), commonly known as a buck DC-DC converter. This thesis documents the design, simulation, construction and testing of a 500V/400V, 8kW resonant softswitched DC-DC converter. In theory, resonant converters will operate more efficiently and generate less Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) when compared to a standard hardswitched converter. In this thesis, the resonant converter is tested and compared to a hard-switched DC-DC converter that was designed for ESAC's reduced-scaled IPS. The results verify that the resonant DC-DC converter realizes significant efficiency and EMI generation improvements over the hard-switched converter at the cost of a more complex control system and power section.
Mobile cloud with smart offloading system (2013)

Computation offloading is a hot topic to minimizing the energy consumption in cloud-assisted mobile computing. However, the assumption is that the mobile devices must have network connectivity to cloud. In this paper, we propose an adaptive computation offloading system, called mobile cloud with smart offloading system (MCSOS), which allows that the resource-poor mobile devices could offload its computation to nearby devices which have idle resources. Because there are different computation-offloading scenarios, the total energy consumption is influenced by factors, such as the energy-efficiency of computation and communication of these devices and the transmission distances among these devices. Therefore, the MCSOS is proposed to solve the optimization problem with objective of minimizing the total energy consumption under such ad hoc computation offloading. According to the simulation results, it shows that the MCSOS could improve the energy efficiency from 7% to 61% in different simulation cases.
Evaluation of the Micro-Media System for Quantitative Antimicrobial Drug Susceptibility Testing: a Collaborative Study (1978)

Micro-Media Systems (MMS) has developed a procedure by which microdilution trays can be filled with dilutions of antimicrobial agents, frozen, and distributed to clinical laboratories. The trays are prepared in various distribution centers throughout the United States to supply clinical laboratories in the vicinity of each center. For use, trays are removed from the freezer, allowed to thaw, and then inoculated with inocula prepared as for any other susceptibility test, using a convenient disposable inoculator (ca. 5 mul per well). A collaborative study was planned to evaluate microdilution trays prepared in three Micro-Media Systems distribution centers. Microdilution minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were compared to standard tube dilution tests (the international collaborative study group method). With gram-positive cocci, the two techniques gave essentially equivalent results. With gram-negative bacilli, the microdilution MICs were generally one doubling dilution lower than the standard tube dilution MICs. Similar results were seen with microdilution trays prepared with a Cooke Dynatech MIC 2000. Inter- and intralaboratory reproducibility with the macro- and microdilution techniques were quite satisfactory, i.e., at least 96% of the end points were within a range of +/-1 log(2) dilution intervals.
[Esters and amides of salicyloylamino acids]. (1975)

N-Salicyloylamino acids, esters and amides have been prepared by the usual condensation methods and also by methods which may demonstrate 2-(o-hydroxyphenyl)oxazoline-5-ones as possible reaction intermediates. Some derivatives display pharmacological activities.
Prophylactic Octreotide Administration Does Not Prevent Post-Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Pancreatitis (2008)

: On the basis of current best evidence, octreotide cannot prevent post-ERCP pancreatitis.
Measurement Error in Assessment of Vertebral Rotation Using the Perdriolle Torsionmeter (1992)

The Perdriolle torsionmeter assesses vertebral rotation on a spinal radiograph. It is frequently used to measure improvement in spinal derotation following Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation for scoliosis. In this study, intraobserver and interobserver measurement error was examined during use of the torsionmeter. Intraobserver error was as follows: 53% of the measurements were accurate to within 5 degrees, and 21% erred greater than 10 degrees. Error from the actual value averaged 6 degrees. Interobserver error was as follows: Among six observers, only one third of the radiographs had measurements within 5 degrees of each other. Another one third erred by more than 10 degrees. Because of this significant intraobserver and interobserver error, precise measurements of rotation using the torsionmeter cannot be expected. Efforts to quantify spinal derotation with the torsionmeter after Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation may not be valid.
Void-based photonic crystal mirror with high reflectivity and low dissipation for extreme-ultraviolet radiation (2013)

The effects of void-based photonic crystal mirrors on reflectivity and dissipation for extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) radiation at near-normal illumination are studied. The mirrors are based on a multilayer coating comprising alternating layers of molybdenum (Mo) and silicon (Si) with 40 periods. By embedding voids in silicon films instead of molybdenum films, we found that the reflectivities of the mirror are increased and the absorptions of the mirror are decreased with the increments of the voids. On the other hand, the reflectivities of the mirror are decreased and the absorptions are increased by embedding voids in the molybdenum films, with the increments of the voids. Compared to the standard designs of 40 Mo/Si multilayer mirrors, which are currently used in most EUV or soft x-ray applications, the reflectivity of the void-based photonic crystal mirror in our study can reach from 73.43 to 83.24% and the absorption can decline from 26.18 to 16.80%. In consideration of EUV bandwidth, the effects of illumination angles in the six-mirror projection system, the intermixing layers, and the variation of the coated absorber thickness on the reflection properties are studied. The proposed concept can be used in next-generation EUV lithography and soft x-ray optical systems.
Wi-Sleep: Contactless Sleep Monitoring via WiFi Signals (2014)

Is it possible to leverage WiFi signals collected in bedrooms to monitor a person's sleep? In this paper, we show that with off-the-shelf WiFi devices, fine-grained sleep information like a person's respiration, sleeping postures and rollovers can be successfully extracted. We do this by introducing Wi-Sleep, the first sleep monitoring system based on WiFi signals. Wi-Sleep adopts off-the-shelf WiFi devices to continuously collect the fine-grained wireless channel state information (CSI) around a person. From the CSI, Wi-Sleep extracts rhythmic patterns associated with respiration and abrupt changes due to the body movement. Compared to existing sleep monitoring systems that usually require special devices attached to human body (i.e. Probes, head belt, and wrist band), Wi-Sleep is completely contact less. In addition, different from many vision-based sleep monitoring systems, Wi-Sleep is robust to low-light environments and does not raise privacy concerns. Preliminary testing results show that the Wi-Sleep can reliably track a person's respiration and sleeping postures in different conditions.
Performance Evaluation Of Neural Network Prediction For Data Prefetching In Embedded Applications (2007)

Embedded systems need to respect stringent real time constraints. Various hardware components included in such systems such as cache memories exhibit variability and therefore affect execution time. Indeed, a cache memory access from an embedded microprocessor might result in a cache hit where the data is available or a cache miss and the data need to be fetched with an additional delay from an external memory. It is therefore highly desirable to predict future memory accesses during execution in order to appropriately prefetch data without incurring delays. In this paper, we evaluate the potential of several artificial neural networks for the prediction of instruction memory addresses. Neural network have the potential to tackle the nonlinear behavior observed in memory accesses during program execution and their demonstrated numerous hardware implementation emphasize this choice over traditional forecasting techniques for their inclusion in embedded systems. However, embedded applications execute millions of instructions and therefore millions of addresses to be predicted. This very challenging problem of neural network based prediction of large time series is approached in this paper by evaluating various neural network architectures based on the recurrent neural network paradigm with pre-processing based on the Self Organizing Map (SOM) classification technique.
Leafhopper Transmission and Host Plant Range of Maize Chlorotic Dwarf Waikavirus Strains (1994)

Two strains of maize chlorotic dwarf waikavirus (MCDV), the type strain MCDV-T and the recently isolated MCDV-M1, were compared for leafhopper transmission, vector specificity, and host plant range. Leafhopper species tested as vectors and their estimated transmission rates (by single insects) of MCDV-T and MCDV-M1, respectively, were Graminella nigrifrons, 27.0 and 20.4%; Amblysellus grex, 17,5 and 6.7%; Planicephalus flavicostatus, 7.9 and 1.0%; Stirellus bicolor, 5.9 and 1.2%; G. sonora, 1.2 and 2.5%; and Dalbulus maidis, 0.8 and 1.7%. Euscelidius variegatus. Macrosteles quadrilineatus, and Ollarianus strictus were tested as well but did not transmit either strain
Molecular Weight Determination (2004)

Abstract Methods to determine molecular weight averages and distributions of polymeric and oligomeric materials have been devised and developed over many decades. Most of the early classical techniques were primary methods which usually yield only a single molecular weight average, based on theory and measurable constants. Of the classical methods only ultracentrifugation can determine a molecular weight distribution. Secondary methods, which depend on the availability of calibration materials, have largely supplanted the older classical techniques. Methods based on fractionation, with molecular weight characterization of the fractions, or chromatography, with continuous determination of molecular weight, are currently used to generate molecular weight distributions. Newer methods based on dynamic light scattering and viscoelastic measurements are available to determine the molecular weight distribution of difficulty soluble materials. Development of methods to describe the molecular weight and compositional distribution of multimer polymers continues to be a vibrant research area.
Laser addressing of individual ions in a linear ion trap (1999)

Single ions in a linear string have been addressed with a tightly focused laser beam and an acousto-optic deflector. The excitation into a long-lived metastable level is detected with a quantum jump technique. Single-quantum bit operations for quantum information processing with trapped ions are shown to be feasible.
Tailor: a layout system based on trapezoidal corner stitching (1990)

A VLSI layout design system named Tailor is described. Tailor operates on hierarchical layouts containing 45 degrees multiple angles. It consists of a well-integrated set of tools, including a window-driven editor, an incremental design rule checker, a circuit extractor, a one-dimensional compactor, a channel-based global router, and a transistor size optimizer. All tools use the same user interface and operate directly on Tailor's trapezoidal corner stitched database. Tailor's database structure is well suited for all of the tools because all important database operations, such as point searching, neighbor searching, area searching, and shadow searching, function very efficiently. All the tools in Tailor, except transistor optimization and routing, work directly on the layout hierarchy, which provides even greater efficiency.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
IgM antibodies induce the production of antibodies of the same specificity. (1980)

Injection in normal mice of IgM antibodies against sheep erythrocytes or dextran, in the form of an immune serum depleted og IgG, induces direct plaque-forming cells of the same specificity as the injected antibodies. The response is 10--70 times higher than the background plaque-forming cell titer of untreated control mice. Nanogram amounts of IgM induce a detectable response, and a ceiling is reached with a few hundred nanograms of monoclonal IgM. The inducing agent is not residual antigen: (i) treatment of the injected material and the recipients with dextranase abolishes the immunogenicity of dextran, but not the response to anti-dextran IgM; (ii) monoclonal IgM specific for sheep erythrocytes or trinitrophenyl likewise induces plaque-forming cells of the respective specificity, but variant hybridoma products (in which the light chain is that of the myeloma parent) are inactive. In normal mice, IgM-induced antibody responses were observed with antibodies to both thymus-dependent and thymus-independent antigens, but such could not be induced in athymic (nude) mice. Because the mechanism underlying this phenomenon would operate also in a normal immune response and, presumably, in the normal dynamic state of the immune system of unstimulated animals, a network regulation among the elements of the immune system itself is implied.