gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recognizing and Using Context as a Survival Tool for WAC (1994)

Although the writing-across-the-curriculum (WAC) movement has grown to be one of the most successful education reform movements in the United States, long-term strategies for sustaining WAC programs are needed and they must include recognizing and using context as a survival tool. Writing across the Business Disciplines (WABD) was started at Robert Morris College (RMC) under a grant from the Buhl foundation. The bureaucracy of universities and colleges (including RMC) can provide: a campus-wide forum to discuss writing across the curriculum and to spread the good word about it; a departmental structure into which WAC programs can be woven; and a reward system to encourage participation. Evaluation may be the best way to justify budget outlays for WAC programs. The evaluation of RMC's program was extensive and successful enough to get additional commitments from the administratio; to continue the program. Communication is another way to attach WAC programs to the institution. The experience at RMC demonstrated that where communication was clear and open, the program flouished; where communication was weak and closed, WABD had difficulty. Accurate record-keeping and histories are another way to bridge the gap between WAC program! and their context. Accurate record-keering provides the documentation necessary to construct histories that may be crucial to the continuation of programs. The only way WAC programs can survive is to better attach them to their own contexts. (Eighteen references are attached.) (RS) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the rest that can be made from the original document. **************4************************o************,*4.****************
A comparison of methods for bootstrapping in the local level model (2001)

Abstract Bootstrap in time series models is not straightforward to implement, as in this case the observations are not independent. One of the alternatives is to bootstrap the residuals in order to obtain the bootstrap series and thus use these series for inference purposes. This work deals with the problem of assessing the accuracy of hyperparameters in structural models. We study the simplest case, the local level model, where the hyperparameters are given by the variances of the disturbance terms. As their distribution is not known, we employ the bootstrap to approximate the true distribution, using parametric and non‐parametric approaches. Bootstrap standard deviations are computed and their performances compared to the asymptotic and empirical standard errors, calculated using a Monte Carlo simulation. We also build confidence intervals to the hyperparameters, using four bootstrap methods and the results are compared by means of the length, shape and coverage probabilities of the intervals. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Alternative Transportation Fuels: Utilisation in Combustion Engines (2013)

The feasibility of using alternative fuels in an effort to support sustainability in the transportation sector is explored in this book. Potential avenues for using various alternative fuels are assessed, as well as their effect on the environment, such as global warming and climate change. Experimental investigations as to the utilization of alternative fuels in internal combustion engines are presented, along with fuel quality characterization. In addition to ground transportation, alternative fuels for marine, aviation and rail applications are described. Alternative powered vehicles, such as dual fuel vehicles, electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles and fuel cell vehicles are also discussed. Technical guidance is provided regarding refineries and automotive industries and their future set up.
Antibody Response and Antigen Recognition in Human Infection with Trypanosoma Cruzi (1988)

Sequential serum samples of an individual accidentally infected with Trypanosoma cruzi were examined to study the evolution of the antibody response, particularly of those with the capacity to lyse trypanosomes, and to determine the antigens of each of the 3 stages of the life cycle of T. cruzi, recognized by antibodies formed as the infection progresses. T. cruzi specific IgM and subclasses of IgG antibodies were detected and reached peak levels at the same period of time. Lytic antibodies were detected 2 weeks before demonstration of parasitemia and of antibodies reacting in the ELISA and IFA tests. Western blots used to examine antigen recognition revealed a complex array of antigens of epimastigotes and amastigotes, but not of blood trypomastigotes, recognized by antibodies in the various serum samples. Most of the antigens recognized by antibodies were common to all 3 stages of T. cruzi, although a few were specific for each of the stages. Certain antigens were only recognized by antibodies in serum collected at distinct periods of time during the course of the infection. The pattern noted after immunoprecipitation of 125I labeled cell membrane surface antigens was simple. Antigens of molecular weight of 90, 72, 50, and 30 K were immunoprecipitated in higher quantities. Antibodies in serum collected early and late in the infection recognized similar antigens in epimastigotes of the infecting strain and in epimastigotes of 3 other strains of T. cruzi from widely separated geographic areas.
Bacteriophage-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carrier: Improved Pharmacokinetics Mediates Effective Resolution of<i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>–Induced Lobar Pneumonia (2015)

This study examined the therapeutic and prophylactic potential of bacteriophages in a mouse model of Klebsiella pneumoniae lobar pneumonia. Phages were administered intraperitoneally. Liposome-entrapped phages (LP) were effective in treating infection, even when therapy was delayed by 3 days after the induction of pneumonia. In contrast, nonliposomal phages provided protection when administered 24 hours after infection. Administration of nonliposomal phages 6 hours prior to intranasal bacterial challenge resulted in complete protection, compared with LP, which was effective even when administered 48 hours prior to infection. Increased reduction and a greater increment in the levels of proinflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokines, respectively, in homogenates of lung from LP-treated mice were suggestive of increased efficacy of LP in the treatment of pneumonia. This is the first study to assess liposomes as a delivery vehicle for phage, and the results confirm the superiority of LP for both therapeutic and prophylactic applications.
x86-64 Machine-Level Programming (2005)

Intel’s IA32 instruction set architecture (ISA), colloquially known as “x86”, is the dominant instruction format for the world’s computers. IA32 is the platform of choice for most Windows and Linux machines. The ISA we use today was defined in 1985 with the introduction of the i386 microprocessor, extending the 16-bit instruction set defined by the original 8086 to 32 bits. Even though subsequent processor generations have introduced new instruction types and formats, many compilers, including GCC, have avoided using these features in the interest of maintaining backward compatibility. A shift is underway to a 64-bit version of the Intel instruction set. Originally developed by Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) and named x86-64, it is now supported by high end processors from AMD (who now call it AMD64) and by Intel, who refer to it as EM64T. Most people still refer to it as “x86-64, ” and we follow this convention. Newer versions of Linux and GCC support this extension. In making this switch, the developers of GCC saw an opportunity to also make use of some of the instruction-set features that had been added in more recent generations of IA32 processors. This combination of new hardware and revised compiler makes x86-64 code substantially different in form and in performance than IA32 code. In creating the 64-bit extension, the AMD engineers also adopted some of the features found in reduced-instruction set computers (RISC) [7] that made them the favored targets for
Dual-Energy CT: General Principles (2012)

DECT offers the possibility to exploit spectral information for diagnostic purposes. There are different technical approaches, all of which have inherent advantages and disadvantages, especially regarding spectral contrast and dose efficiency. There are numerous clinical applications of DECT that are easily accessible with specific postprocessing algorithms.
Buspirone augmentation of fluoxetine in obsessive-compulsive disorder (1990)

Eleven obsessive-compulsive patients underwent a prospective open-label trial of fluoxetine monotherapy followed by buspirone augmentation. The combination therapy was statistically superior to fluoxetine monotherapy. The results point to the importance of the 5-HT1a receptor in obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Secure and fast handover scheme based on pre- authentication method for 802.16/WiMAX infrastructure networks (2007)

802.16/WiMAX is going to be the most popular technology in wireless communications. In 2006, IEEE 802.16e has been proposed for mobility issue. In order to maintain security, re-authentication should be considered when the mobile station handovers. However, re-authentication often takes latency and consumes power. On the other hand, several fast authentication schemes have been proposed based on preauthentication concept in 802.11/WLAN networks. These schemes provide different methods to enhance the efficiency and security of re-authentication procedure. By using the preauthentication concept, we propose a pre-authentication scheme for WiMAX infrastructures in this paper. Due to flexibility and security, the proposed scheme is combined with the PKI architecture. It provides a secure and fast re-authentication procedure during macro-handover in 802.16/WiMAX networks.
A 2&#x2013;5 Gb/s fully differential 3X oversampling CDR for high-speed serial data link (2009)

This paper presents the design and implementation of a fully differential 3X oversampling clock and data recovery (CDR) circuit for high-speed serial data link. The CDR is capable of operating at any speed from 2 to 5 Gb/s. The architecture of the CDR replaces the analog VCO and loop filter used in analog PLL based CDR with digital circuits. The CDR uses a digital threshold decision technique to improve the jitter tolerance performance. System level simulation shows that the CDR has a high frequency jitter tolerance of 0.67 UI and acquisition time of 8 baud period. The CDR is implemented in 65 nm CMOS process technology. The post-layout simulation is performed for 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sup> -1 PRBS data. The CDR consumes 39 mW from 1.1 V power supply at 5 Gb/s. The core CDR circuit occupies an area of 0.013 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
A study to test the feasibility of distributing toothpaste and toothbrushes at school (2004)

Abstract Objective To test the feasibility of a school based method of delivery of toothbrushes, toothpaste and tooth brushing instruction to first year primary school children. Design Pre and post examinations of children's mouths, pre and post questionnaires to parents and a questionnaire to teachers at the end of the study. Setting In five schools in a unitary authority in Lancashire, UK. Method Examination of the mouth at school, using dental caries criteria used in the NHS national dental epidemiological programme and the Silness and Loe Plaque Index, and questionnaires distributed via school to parents and teachers. Results One hundred and seven children were examined twice and parents returned 57 questionnaires. During the toothbrushing sessions many children said that they did not have a brush or paste. They enjoyed taking part and the examinations revealed that their mouths were cleaner after the study than they were at the beginning. The scheme was acceptable to parents and schools. All schools wished to carry on their involvement in the project. The cost of providing the scheme to 500 children in schools with the highest levels of tooth decay was estimated to be about £4350 per annum. Conclusion A similar programme is worth considering in areas where the levels of tooth decay are known to be high.
<title>Using a natural language and gesture interface for unmanned vehicles</title> (2000)

Unmanned vehicles, such as mobile robots, must exhibit adjustable autonomy. They must be able to be self-sufficient when the situation warrants; however, as they interact with each other and with humans, they must exhibit an ability to dynamically adjust their independence or dependence as co-operative agents attempting to achieve some goal. This is what we mean by adjustable autonomy. We have been investigating various modes of communication that enhance a robot's capability to work interactively with other robots and with humans. Specifically, we have been investigating how natural language and gesture can provide a user- friendly interface to mobile robots. We have extended this initial work to include semantic and pragmatic procedures that allow humans and robots to act co-operatively, based on whether or not goals have been achieved by the various agents in the interaction. By processing commands that are either spoken or initiated by clicking buttons on a Personal Digital Assistant and by gesturing either naturally or symbolically, we are tracking the various goals of the interaction, the agent involved in the interaction, and whether or not the goal has been achieved. The various agents involved in achieving the goals are each aware of their own and others' goals and what goals have been stated or accomplished so that eventually any member of the group, be it robot or a human, if necessary, can interact with the other members to achieve the stated goals of a mission.
Melting Point and Molecular Symmetry (2000)

In 1882 Thomas Carnelley observed that high molecular symmetry is associated with high melting point. The application of the rule to a number of different molecular crystals is discussed. The rule applies to different categories of crystal for different reasons, which can be explained by thermodynamic analysis. If the crystal is ordered, high melting point is usually due to high enthalpy change of fusion. If the crystal is disordered, high melting point is due to low entropy change of fusion. These effects can be displayed clearly on an enthalpy-entropy diagram.
A Non-Coherent DPSK Data Receiver With Interference Cancellation for Dual-Band Transcutaneous Telemetries (2008)

A dual-band telemetry, which has different carrier frequencies for power and data signals, is used to maximize both power transfer efficiency and data rate for transcutaneous implants. However, in such a system, the power signal interferes with the data transmission due to the multiple magnetic couplings paths within the inductive coils. Since the power level of the transmitted power signal is significantly larger than that of the data signal, it usually requires a high-order filter to suppress the interference. This paper presents a non-coherent DPSK receiver without a high-order filter that is robust to the interference caused by the power carrier signal. The proposed scheme uses differential demodulation in the analog domain to cancel the interference signal for a dual-band configuration. The data demodulation also uses subsampling to avoid carrier synchronization circuits such as PLLs. The experimental results show that the demodulator can recover 1 and 2 Mb/s data rates at a 20 MHz carrier frequency, and it is able to cancel an interference signal that is 12 dB larger than the data signal without using complex filters. The demodulator is fabricated in a 0.35 mum CMOS process, with a power consumption of 6.2 mW and an active die area of 2.6times1.7mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
Rapid pulsed field separation of DNA molecules up to 250 kb (1994)

Pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) is capable of resolving a wide size range of DNA molecules which would all co-migrate in conventional agarose gels. We describe pulsed field gel conditions which permit DNA fragments of up to 250 kilobases (kb) to be separated in only 3.5 h. The separations, which employ commercially available gel boxes, are achieved using conditions which deviate significantly from traditional pulsed field conditions. PFGE separations have been thought to require reorientation angles greater than 90 degrees to be effective. However, reorientation angles of 90 degrees and even less will resolve DNA fragments a few hundred kb and smaller approximately 5 x faster than with standard pulsed field conditions. The mobility of DNA fragments separated with 90 degrees reorientation angles is switch time-dependent, as is seen for DNA run with the commonly used reorientation angle of 120 degrees. With DNA fragments of several hundred kb and smaller, higher field strengths may be used, resulting in still greater increases in separation speed. The conditions described allow DNA from large insert bacterial clones, such as those using cosmid, Fosmid, P1, bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC), or P1-derived artificial chromosome (PAC) vectors, to be prepared, digested and analyzed on gels within a single working day.
Analysis of airgap flux, current and vibration signals as a function of the combination of static and dynamic airgap eccentricity in 3-phase induction motors (2002)

This paper provides new information for the online diagnosis of airgap eccentricity in three-phase induction motors. A new theoretical analysis of the interaction between harmonic field components due to static and dynamic rotor eccentricity which previous research has not considered is put forward. The resultant harmonic current components produced in the supply current which are highlighted by the analysis are found to exist experimentally and indeed shown to be a function of the combined effect of both dynamic and static eccentricity. Further vibration analysis is put forward to identify which particular form of rotor eccentricity is dominant; hence illustrating how faults can be identified in a motor using condition monitoring techniques.
Platform-Centric Android Monitoring - Modular and Efficient. (2014)

We present an add-on for the Android platform, capable of intercepting nearly all interactions between apps or apps with the platform, including arguments of method invocations in a human-readable format. A preliminary performance evaluation shows that the performance penalty of our solution is roughly comparable with similar tools in that area. The advantage of our solution, however, is that it is truly modular in the sense that we do not actually modify the Android platform itself, and can include it even with an already running system. Possible uses of such an add-on are manifold; we discuss one from the area of runtime verification that aims at improving system security.
An expeditious asymmetric synthesis of the pentacyclic core of the cortistatins by an intramolecular (4+3) cycloaddition (2011)

A concise, asymmetric synthesis of the pentacyclic framework of the cortistatins has been accomplished in 12 steps from commercially available starting materials, employing a highly diastereoselective intramolecular (4+3) cycloaddition of epoxy enolsilanes as the key step.
Fuel cells and fuel batteriesߞan engineering view (1966)

If fuel cells and fuel batteries attain their expected usefulness in the future, electrical and electronics engineers may some day be joined by a new kind of engineerߞthe electrochemical engineer. The fuel-cell problems this new engineer will have to face include those involving various types of fuels and their properties, efficiency, reliability, life, and operating temperatures. All of these properties are tied in with the important consideration of economics.
Expanding topological vulnerability analysis to intrusion detection through the incident response intelligence system (2010)

Purpose The paper proposes looking at the automation of the incident response (IR) process, through formal, systematic and standardized methods for collection, normalization and correlation of security data (i.e. vulnerability, exploit and intrusion detection information). Design/methodology/approach The paper proposes the incident response intelligence system (IRIS) that models the context of discovered vulnerabilities, calculates their significance, finds and analyzes potential exploit code and defines the necessary intrusion detection signatures that combat possible attacks, using standardized techniques. It presents the IRIS architecture and operations, as well as the implementation issues. Findings The paper presents detailed evaluation results obtained from real‐world application scenarios, including a survey of the users' experience, to highlight IRIS contribution in the area of IR. Originality/value The paper introduces the IRIS, a system that provides detailed security information during the entire lifecycle of a security incident, facilitates decision support through the provision of possible attack and response paths, while deciding on the significance and magnitude of an attack with a standardized method.
Airline Schedule Planning: Integrated Models and Algorithms for Schedule Design and Fleet Assignment (2004)

Constructing a profitable schedule is of utmost importance to an airline because its profitability is critically influenced by its flight offerings. We focus our attention on the steps of the airline schedule planning process involving schedule design and fleet assignment. Airline schedule design involves determining when and where to offer flights such that profits are maximized, and fleet assignment involves assigning aircraft types to flight legs to maximize revenue and minimize operating cost. We present integrated models and solution algorithms that simultaneously optimize the selection of flight legs for and the assignment of aircraft types to the selected flight legs. Preliminary results, based on data from a major U.S. airline, suggest that significant benefits can be achieved.
Matrix Management (2004)

eometric remodeling is an important component of vascular pathologies, including restenosis and atherosclerosis. Although our understanding of the precise events involved in vascular remodeling is far from complete, it is generally accepted that local breakdown of extracellular matrix (ECM), smooth muscle cell migration, and matrix reorganization are important components. However, being able to understand the specific contribution of individual members of a proteinase family that share overlapping substrates is a significant challenge.