gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Kinetics of the Chlorate-Sulfite Reaction (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetics of the Chlorate-Sulfite ReactionE. H. Gleason, G. Mino, and W. M. ThomasCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1957, 61, 4, 447–450Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j150550a015https://doi.org/10.1021/j150550a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views199Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Synthesis of the Cyclostellettamines A−F and Related Bis(3-alkylpyridinium) Macrocycles (1998)

A general method was developed for the synthesis of a variety of symmetric and asymmetric macrocyclic bispyridines. 3-Hydroxyalkylpyridines 18−20 were prepared, converted to the corresponding iodides and protected on the pyridine nitrogen with a p-methoxybenzyl group to give the crystalline precursors 21, 22 and 23. Reaction with a second 3-hydroxyalkylpyridine gave the corresponding bis (3-alkylpyridinium) salts, which could easily be deprotected by refluxing in pyridine (24−29). Cyclization of the iodides in refluxing acetonitrile under high dilution conditions (1−2 mM) gave the desired macrocyles in overall yields between 65 and 74%. This efficient procedure resulted in the synthesis of the muscarinic receptor antagonists cyclostellettamines A−F (1−6) and some unnatural cyclophanes (12 and 31).
The farnesyltransferase inhibitor, FPT inhibitor III upregulates Bax and Bcl-xs expression and induces apoptosis in human ovarian cancer cells. (1998)

Deregulation in the ras oncogene is a common event in many types of human cancer. Our previous study clearly demonstrated that genetic alterations of ras oncogene are frequently found in human epithelial ovarian cancer. Recent reports have indicated that farnesyltransferase is involved in the regulation of post-translational modification and biological function of Ras proteins. Here, we report that a newly synthesized farnesyltransferase inhibitor, FPT inhibitor III, upregulates Bax and Bcl-xs expression and induces apoptosis in human ovarian cancer cells. This is a critical finding that farnesyltransferase inhibitors may directly activate apoptotic signaling pathways in cancer cells and may help to provide a new strategy in the treatment of human cancer.
Prevalence of pain in the Spanish population telephone survey in 5000 homes (2002)

Pain has become the most common accompanying symptom in patients seeking medical advice, and it is one of the main issues in public health. In Spain, there are no reliable data about the impact of pain in general population. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of acute and chronic pain in the Spanish general population. An epidemiological observational population-based cross-sectional study was carried out by means of a telephone survey. Multistep stratified quota-adjusted sampling was performed with people aged 18-95 years. A computer-assisted questionnaire was administered, covering physical pain symptoms, site, frequency, perceived cause, therapeutic measures and interference with daily life activities. There were 11,980 useful contacts, with 5000 effective interviews (42% of useful sample). Of the interviewees, 29.6% (95% confidence interval, 28.3-30.8%) reported having had pain the day before (women, 37.6%; men, 20.9%) and 43.2% the week before. Most common pain sites were lower extremities (22.7%) and back (cervical and lumbar levels) (21.5%), followed by head (20.5%). Frequency of pain increased with age, reaching 42.6% for people older than 65 years. Among people complaining of pain during the last day or week, duration of symptoms was higher than 3 months in 54% (chronic pain), representing 23.4% of the Spanish general population; most common causes of chronic pain were arthritis, rheumatism and migraine. Regarding treatment, 61.7% of people complaining of pain said they were taking drugs. Source of drug treatment advice was a physician or a nurse in 66.4% of cases and self-prescription in 29%. It is concluded that pain, particularly chronic pain, has a high prevalence in the Spanish general population and a significant impact on occupational and social relationships.
STRUCTURE-PROPERTY RELATIONSHIPS OF ETHYLENE/1 -OCTENE AND ETHYLENE/1-BUTENE COPOLYMERS MADE USING INSITE TECHNOLOGY (1996)

The structure-property relationships of homogeneous ethylene/1-butene copolymers made using INSITE * Technology-also called constrained geometry catalyst technology (CGCT)-are explored and compared with Dow’s current AFFINITY * polyolefin elastomers, which are ethylene/1-octene copolymers. The well defined molecular architecture of these copolymers allows one to explore the comonomer effect with greater precision. The preformance of ethylene/butene and ethylene/octene copolymers with densities of 0.91 and 0.92 g/cc are emphasized. Ethylene/1-octene copolymers produced by CGCT have improved tear, impact and tensile properties, relative to ethylene/1-butene copolymers produced by CGCT. These improved physical properties were observed in both compression molded plaques and blown film samples. This study confirms the general trend of improved physical properties with increasing α-olefin branch length.
A Lean-Burn Catalytic Engine (1988)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Theoretical analysis of flame propagation through catalytically activated mixtures and fundamental experiments with a catalytic plug-flow reactor have shown that catalytic prereaction can increase flame velocity and can reduce minimum ignition energy requirements. These principles have been successfully applied in a prechamber for a leanburn internal combustion engine. Unlike other catalytic engine concepts, catalytic prechamber technology serves to regulate catalytic surface temperature as well as contact between the catalyst and gas phase reactants. Catalytic effects are thus properly timed and are confined to a small volume where substantial thermal activation is possible. Catalytic charge activation in a CFR engine was found to decrease cycle-to-cycle pressure variation and to increase cycle efficiency near the lean-burn limit. These effects were found to be more pronounced as the prechamber was made more adiabatic. When catalytic prereaction was more extensive the catalytic prechamber proved to be a knock-free compression-ignition source. In conjunction with these fundamental studies and parametric engine tests a physical model of in-cylinder activation has been formulated. This model has proven to be a valuable asset in understanding catalytic prechamber performance and promises to be a useful tool in optimizing catalytic prechamber design.</div>
OpenPolarServer (OPS) - An Open Source Spatial Data Infrastructure for the Cryosphere Community (2014)

The Center for Remote Sensing of Ice Sheets (CReSIS) at The University of Kansas has collected approximately 700 TB of radar depth sounding data over the Arctic and Antarctic ice sheets since 1993 in an effort to map the thickness of the ice sheets and ultimately understand the impacts of climate change and sea level rise. In addition to data collection, the storage, management, and public distribution of the dataset are also one of the primary roles of CReSIS. The OpenPolarServer (OPS) project developed a free and open source spatial data infrastructure (SDI) to store, manage, analyze, and distribute the data collected by CReSIS in an effort to replace its current data storage and distribution approach. The OPS SDI includes a spatial database management system (DBMS), map and web server, JavaScript geoportal, and application programming interface (API) for the inclusion of data created by the cryosphere community. Open source software including GeoServer, PostgreSQL, PostGIS, OpenLayers, ExtJS, GeoEXT and others are used to build a system that modernizes the CReSIS SDI for the entire cryosphere community and creates a flexible platform for future development.
Efficacy of Cranberry Juice on <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Infection: a Double‐Blind, Randomized Placebo‐Controlled Trial (2005)

Regular consumption of cranberry juice can suppress H. pylori infection in endemically afflicted populations.
A Designated Harmonic Suppression Technology for Sampled SPWM (2005)

Sampled SPWM is an excellent VVVF method of motor speed control, meanwhile the harmonic components of the output wave impairs its applications in practice. A designated harmonic suppression technology is presented for sampled SPWM, which is an improved algorithm for the harmonic suppression in high voltage and high frequency spectrum. As the technology is applied in whole speed adjusting range, the voltage can be conveniently controlled and high frequency harmonic of SP WM is also improved.
Knockout of the α1A/C-adrenergic receptor subtype: The α1A/C is expressed in resistance arteries and is required to maintain arterial blood pressure (2002)

alpha 1-adrenergic receptors (ARs) play a major role in blood pressure regulation. The three alpha 1-AR subtypes (A/C, B, and D) stimulate contraction of isolated arteries, but it is uncertain how different subtypes contribute to blood pressure regulation in the intact animal. We studied the role of the alpha 1A/C subtype by using gene knockout. alpha 1A/C knockout (KO) mice were viable and overtly normal. The LacZ reporter gene replaced alpha 1A/C coding sequence in the KO, and beta-galactosidase staining was present in resistance arteries and arterioles, but not in the thoracic aorta or its main branches. By tail cuff manometer and arterial catheter in conscious mice, alpha 1A/C KO mice were hypotensive at rest, with an 8-12% reduction of blood pressure dependent on alpha 1A/C gene copy number. A61603, an alpha 1A/C-selective agonist, caused a pressor response that was lost in the KO and reduced but significant in heterozygous mice with a single copy of the alpha 1A/C. A subtype-nonselective agonist [phenylephrine (PE)] caused a pressor response in KO mice, but the final arterial pressure was only 85% of wild type. The baroreflex was reset in the KO, and heart rate variability was decreased. After baroreflex blockade with atropine, PE increased blood pressure but did not change heart rate. Cardiac and vascular responses to the beta-AR agonist isoproterenol were unchanged, and the arterial lumen area was not altered. We conclude that the alpha 1A/C-AR subtype is a vasopressor expressed in resistance arteries and is required for normal arterial blood pressure regulation. alpha 1A/C-selective antagonists might be desirable antihypertensive agents.
Anomalous Dynamical Behavior of Freestanding Graphene Membranes (2016)

We report subnanometer, high-bandwidth measurements of the out-of-plane (vertical) motion of atoms in freestanding graphene using scanning tunneling microscopy. By tracking the vertical position over a long time period, a 1000-fold increase in the ability to measure space-time dynamics of atomically thin membranes is achieved over the current state-of-the-art imaging technologies. We observe that the vertical motion of a graphene membrane exhibits rare long-scale excursions characterized by both anomalous mean-squared displacements and Cauchy-Lorentz power law jump distributions.
Evaluation of Continuously and Intermittently Aerated Hog Manure Compost Stability in a Pilot-scale Bin Composting System (1998)

Compost stability represents the state of microbiological activity and measurements of respiration either through evolution or uptake should provide the best indication of this state. Hog manure amended with sawdust was composted in a pilot-scale reactor vessels using continuous and intermittent aeration for 3 weeks. In this study we evaluated the respiration rate effect of aeration method on the reduction of evolution, and investigated the stability of fresh and finished compost for plant growth. The intermittently aerated composting is a practical proposition for a very stable compost making. The respiration rate in the fresh and finished compost during intermittently aerated composting was maintained from 0.3 to 1.4 and was good for use in horticulture, while the continuously aerated composting was 7 to 23 and needed more time for compost curing.
Synthesis and reactivity of vinyl quinone methides (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and reactivity of vinyl quinone methidesAntonio ZanorottiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 7, 941–945Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00207a006https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00207a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views966Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Closed form designs of complex orthogonal space-time block codes of rates (k+1)/(2k) for 2k_1 or 2k transmit antennas (2004)

This paper presents a closed form designs of complex orthogonal space-time block codes of rates (k + I)/(2k) for 2k-1 or 2k transmit antennas
Global and Adaptive Thresholding Technique for White Blood Cell Image Segmentation (2020)

Abstract Global and local thresholding are two thresholding approaches for white blood cell (WBC) image segmentation. Global thresholding determines the threshold value based on the histogram of the overall pixel intensity distribution of the image. In contrast, adaptive thresholding computes the threshold value for each fractional region of the image, so that each fractional region has a different threshold value. In this work, we are assessing both of these approaches for two threshold values. We extended the Otsu’s equation to calculate more than one threshold as it originally designed to find only a single threshold value. Adaptive thresholding first divides an image into fractional-image by considering an imaginary bounding box that surrounds the location of WBC, which involves the Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization method. For segmentation performance evaluation, we compare 35 blood smear test images which segmented by our proposed method, with their corresponding ground truth image to representing them in Zijdenbos Similarity Index (ZSI), precision, and recall measurement. Experimental results show that adaptive thresholding achieves average ZSI, precision and recall, 92.5%, 91.79%, 94.03%, while global thresholding achieves 30.72%, 23.38%, and 99.39% respectively.
Selective progesterone receptor modulators (SPRMs) for uterine fibroids (2017)

Short-term use of SPRMs resulted in improved quality of life, reduced menstrual bleeding and higher rates of amenorrhoea than were seen with placebo. Thus, SPRMs may provide effective treatment for women with symptomatic fibroids. Evidence derived from one RCT showed no difference between leuprolide acetate and SPRM with respect to improved quality of life and bleeding symptoms. Evidence was insufficient to show whether effectiveness was different between SPRMs and leuprolide. Investigators more frequently observed SPRM-associated endometrial changes in women treated with SPRMs than in those treated with placebo or leuprolide acetate. As noted above, SPRM-associated endometrial changes are benign, are not related to cancer and are not precancerous. Reporting bias may impact the conclusion of this meta-analysis. Well-designed RCTs comparing SPRMs versus other treatments are needed.
The Mechanism of Salt Tolerance in Halophytes (1977)

Crop loss due to soil salinization is an increasing threat to agriculture worldwide. This review provides an overview of cellular and physiological mechanisms in plant responses to salt. We place cellular responses in a time- and tissue-dependent context ...Read More
Travel and Tourism in Spanish History (2006)

The theme of periphery has permeated Iberian history through the ages. Finis terræ to Ancient Rome and Carthage, the peninsula would from the eighth century constitute the northwestern limit of Islamic civilization and the southwesternmost reach of Christian Europe. The historian Claudio Sânchez Albornoz observed that Spain's unique historical geography has fostered cycles of longing xenophilia and hostile xenophobia among its peoples, and given rise to the question of Spain's very identity as a European nation. Many Spanish thinkers of modern times, he lamented, "have raised onto the sky the Pyrenees, until they become an uncrossable barrier."1 KeywordsTourism IndustryInternational TourismRail NetworkForeign TouristNational TourismThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Overview of (1→3)‐β‐D‐glucan immunobiology (1997)

Glucans are (1-->3)-beta-D-glucose polymers that are found in the cell wall of fungi, bacteria and plants. Glucans are known to stim ulate humoral and cell-mediated immunity in humans and animals. In addition to the potent immune stimulatory effects of (1-->3)-beta-D-glucans, there are a number of toxicological effects associated with exposure to the water-insoluble, microparticulate form of the polymer. Recent investigations have suggested a potential role for (1-->3)-beta-D-glucans in inhalational toxicity. Specifically, (1-->3)-beta-D-glucans have been implicated in the symptomatology associated with 'sick building' syndrome. The mechanisms by which (1-->3)-beta-D-glucans mediate immune stimulation and, perhaps, toxicity are currently under investigation. It is now established that (1-->3)-beta-D-glucans are recognized by macrophages and, perhaps, neutrophils and natural killer cells via a (1-->3)-beta-glucan specific receptor. Following receptor binding, glucan modulates macrophage cytokine expression. Here we review the chemistry, immunobiology and toxicity of (1-->3)-beta-D-glucans and how it may relate to effects caused by inhalation.
Copper deposition and dissolution in mixed chloride–sulphate acidic electrolytes: cyclic voltammetry at static disc electrode (2015)

The electrochemistry of copper deposition and dissolution in chloride–sulphate electrolytes has been investigated using cyclic voltammetry. A wide range of chloride ion concentration (0.02 to 2.0 mol dm−3 NaCl) in 0.05 mol dm−3 CuSO4 and 0.5 mol dm−3 Na2SO4 was used to examine the electrodeposition of copper onto platinum from chloride containing solution at 295 K. Cyclic voltammetry indicated that the stable dichlorocuprous anion was involved in the deposition and dissolution of copper at a platinum disc electrode. The transition from a single, two-electron transfer in a sulphate solution to two, single electron transfers in a chloride–sulphate solution was observed and the effect of chloride ion concentration on the deposition and the stripping charge density were investigated. Cu(II)/Cu(I) was found to be a quasi-reversible couple; the degree of reversibility increased at higher chloride ion concentrations. The formal potential for the reaction Cu(II)→Cu(I) steadily increased while its exchange current and Tafel slope gradually decreased at higher concentrations of chloride ion. The participation of an adsorbed cuprous chloride film in the oxidation and reduction reactions is discussed. These findings indicate that the presence of high chloride ion levels in a dilute copper solution inhibits both the deposition and the dissolution of copper.
Sprinkler Irrigation (4th Edition) (1975)

The Sprinkler Irrigation Association, being sensitive to the dynamic
nature of the irrigation industry, readily responds to new concepts and
new methods that allow for better conservation of our natural resources.
Such changes have brought about preparation of this, the Fourth Edition
of Sprinkler Irrigation. Each chapter of the Third Edition, published 
in 1969, has been totally revised and updated and the material
published in the 1973 Supplement to that edition has been incorporated
as well. In addition, new chapters have been prepared on drip irrigation
and conversion to the metric system, making this, we believe, the most
complete text ever published on the subject of sprinkler irrigation.
Modeling the anomalous threshold voltage behavior of submicrometer MOSFET's (1992)

A simple yet accurate semi-empirical analytical model for simulating the anomalous threshold voltage behavior in submicrometer MOSFETs is reported. The increase in the threshold voltage with decreasing channel length has been modeled by assuming a bias-independent, but channel-length-dependent, fixed charge at the source and drain ends. The new model requires two extra parameters in addition to the usual short-channel threshold voltage model parameters. These two parameters represent the magnitude of the fixed charge and the length over which the charge is spread at the source and drain ends. The model shows excellent agreement with the experimental threshold voltage data (within 2%) for submicrometer devices with varying oxide thickness, junction depth, and channel doping concentration.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Where to Go Next: A Spatio-temporal LSTM model for Next POI Recommendation (2018)

Next Point-of-Interest (POI) recommendation is of great value for both location-based service providers and users. Recently Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) have been proved to be effective on sequential recommendation tasks. However, existing RNN solutions rarely consider the spatio-temporal intervals between neighbor check-ins, which are essential for modeling user check-in behaviors in next POI recommendation. In this paper, we propose a new variant of LSTM, named STLSTM, which implements time gates and distance gates into LSTM to capture the spatio-temporal relation between successive check-ins. Specifically, one-time gate and one distance gate are designed to control short-term interest update, and another time gate and distance gate are designed to control long-term interest update. Furthermore, to reduce the number of parameters and improve efficiency, we further integrate coupled input and forget gates with our proposed model. Finally, we evaluate the proposed model using four real-world datasets from various location-based social networks. Our experimental results show that our model significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches for next POI recommendation.