gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Q开关紫翠玉激光和强脉冲光治疗亚洲人雀斑和痣的疗效比较：一项随机、医生单盲、左右面部比较研究 (2006)

背景：Q开关（QS）有色激光和强脉冲光（IPL）均能成功治疗色素性疾病。目的：旨在比较QS紫翠玉激光（QSAL）和IPL治疗亚洲人雀斑和痣的疗效和副作用。方法：共15例雀斑患者和17例痣患者被随机予以一侧面颊一疗程QSAL和间隔4周后对侧面颊两疗程IPL．采用一种新的色素面积与严重度指数评分来评价疗效。结果：所有患者均有改善（P〈0．0001）。1例雀斑患者和8例痣患者经QSAL治疗后发生炎症后色素沉着。而IPL治疗后未出现炎症后色素沉着。
Rapid Prototyping of Polyurethane for the Creation of Vascular Systems (2008)

A precise control over the internal architecture was essential for manufacture of complex organs. To create vascular systems that mimic human livers, we designed and fabricated complex 3D objects with an intrinsic network of interconnected channels. A new elastomeric polyurethane, mainly based on polycaprolactone and poly(ethylene glycol) with excellent biocompatibility and tunable biodegradation properties, was used to fabricate these vascular systems using a low temperature deposition system based on the layer-by-layer manufacturing principle. A specific model was selected via computer aided design (CAD), solid free form fabrication processes are conducted under computer direction. Two example object patterns were produced by precision controlled dispensing of a biodegradable polyurethane into 3D multi-micro-tunnels with multi-micro-pores at a low temperature (-28°C). The design and fabrication strategies used to create physical objects directly from CAD models represent a promising route for the establishment of complex organ vascular systems.
Modification of Main Chain lcp Processability and Properties (1988)

Abstract Sphericl, fibrous and platey particulate additives have been incorporated into a thermotropic wholly aromatic polyester. The effect of additive shape and concentration on melt rheology and solid state properties has been investigated. Melt viscosity shows a greater dependence on shape than concentration. Spherical particles produce high melt viscosities. Anisotropic particles, uniaxial and biaxial, give low viscosities. Modification of moulded test shape mechanical property anisotropy, expansion coefficient anisotropy and dyanamic mechanical relaxation behaviour is discussed.
TIP47 Associates with Lipid Droplets (2001)

Most mammalian cells package neutral lipids into droplets that are surrounded by a monolayer of phospholipids and a specific set of proteins including the adipose differentiation-related protein (ADRP; also called adipophilin), which is found in a wide array of cell types, and the perilipins, which are restricted to adipocytes and steroidogenic cells. TIP47 was initially identified in a yeast two-hybrid screen for proteins that interact with the cytoplasmic tail of the mannose 6-phosphate receptor, yet its sequence is highly similar to the lipid droplet protein, ADRP, and more distantly related to perilipins. Hence, we hypothesized that TIP47 might be associated with lipid droplets. In HeLa cells grown in standard low lipid-containing culture media, immunofluorescence microscopy revealed that the cells had few lipid droplets; however, TIP47 and ADRP were found on the surfaces of the small lipid droplets present. When the cells were grown in media supplemented with physiological levels of fatty acids, the amount of neutral lipid stored in lipid droplets increased dramatically, as did the staining of TIP47 and ADRP surrounding these droplets. TIP47 was found primarily in the cytosolic fractions of HeLa cells and murine MA10 Leydig cells grown in low lipid-containing culture medium, while ADRP was undetectable in these fractionated cell homogenates. When HeLa and MA10 Leydig cells were lipid-loaded, significant levels of ADRP were found in the floating lipid droplet fractions and TIP47 levels remained constant, but the distribution of a significant portion of TIP47 shifted from the cytosolic fractions to the lipid droplet fractions. Thus, we conclude that TIP47 associates with nascent lipid droplets and can be classified as a lipid droplet-associated protein.
Gastric Acidity and Iron Absorption (1966)

achlorhydria has been recognized as an associated feature of iron deficiency anaemia for many years (Faber, 1909; Witts, 1930). There has, however, been little agreement as to the part played by gastric acid in the absorption of iron from the intestinal tract. Early workers produced evidence that iron absorption was greater in the presence of normal gastric acidity than in cases of achlorhydria (Minot and Heath, 1932; Heilmeyer and Plotner, 1936; Barer and Fowler, 1937). Others found that this was not the case (Moore, Arrowsmith, Welch and Minnich, 1939; Grace, Doig and Wolff, 1954; Pirzio‐Biroli, Bothwell and Finch, 1958). More recently Goldberg, Lochhead and Dagg (1963) and Cook, Brown and Valberg (1964) have shown that in some circumstances iron is better absorbed by subjects with normal gastric acid than in those with a histamine fast achlorhydria. In the present investigation quantitative studies of both iron absorption and of gastric acid production have been made in patients with iron deficiency anaemia and additional observations have been made in normal subjects. The relationship between iron absorption and gastric secretory capacity is examined.
Growth of GaAs Crystal by an Improved VGF Apparatus (1991)

The construction details of VGF apparatus with a DM(direct monitoring) furnace for the growth of low defect crystal and characteristics of GaAs crystal grown by this apparatus are described. The average dislocation densities and EL2 concentration of as-grown undoped GaAs along the different solidified fractions exhibit and , which are less than those observed for liquid encapsulated Czochralski(LEC) or high-pressure vertical gradient freeze(VGF) crystals. These remarkable reduction of the dislocation densities and EL2 concentrations were explained by the lower temperature gradient () and slower rates of post - growth cooling (). Also, The Hall mobilities, carrier concentrations show uniform distribution throughtout 80% of the ingot length.
Two Oral Midazolam Preparations in Pediatric Dental Patients: A Prospective Randomised Clinical Trial (2015)

Pharmacological sedation is an alternative behavior management strategy in pediatric dentistry. The aim of this study was to compare the behavioral and physiologic effects of "commercially midazolam syrup" versus "orally administered IV midazolam dosage form (extemporaneous midazolam (EF))" in uncooperative pediatric dental patients. Eighty-eight children between 4 to 7 years of age received 0.2-0.5 mg/kg midazolam in this parallel trial. Physiologic parameters were recorded at baseline and every 15 minutes. Behavior assessment was conducted objectively by Houpt scale throughout the sedation and North Carolina at baseline and during injection and cavity preparation. No significant difference in behavior was noted by Houpt or North Carolina scale. Acceptable behavior (excellent, very good, and good) was observed in 90.9% of syrup and 79.5% of EF subjects, respectively. Physiological parameters remained in normal range without significant difference between groups and no adverse effect was observed. It is concluded that EF midazolam preparation can be used as an acceptable alternative to midazolam syrup.
Injection of Embryonic Stem Cells Into Scarred Rabbit Vocal Folds Enhances Healing and Improves Viscoelasticity: Short‐Term Results (2007)

The histology and location of the surviving hESC-derived cells strongly indicate that the functional improvement was caused by the injected cells, which were regenerating scarred tissue. The findings point toward a strong impact from the host microenvironment, resulting in a regional specific in vivo hESC differentiation and regeneration of three types of tissue in scarred vocal folds of adult rabbits.
A directory index for Ext2 (2001)

In recent years, filesystem designers have tended to favor the use of BTrees and variants thereof to eliminate directory performance bottlenecks. The idea of adding BTree directory indexing to Linux's Ext2 filesystem has been much discussed but never implemented, more probably due to an aversion to complexity than any laziness on the part of developers. Recently, I conceived and implemented a new kind of indexing technique using hashed keys held in a uniform-depth tree. I gave this structure the name HTree. Compared to a BTree, the HTree has a considerable simpler implementation but offers similar performance. Furthermore, it turned out to be possible to achieve not only backward compatibility with existing Ext2 filesystems, but forward compatibility with earlier versions of Linux as well.
Synthesis of <sup>68</sup>Ga‐labeled NOTA‐RGD‐GE11 heterodimeric peptide for dual integrin and epidermal growth factor receptor‐targeted tumor imaging (2015)

Radiolabeled Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide analogs have been extensively studied for αvβ3 integrin-targeted angiogenesis imaging. According to recently presented evidence, the dodecapeptide GE11 has high affinity to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which is overexpressed in many types of cancer. Dual-receptor molecular imaging probes with two different heterodimeric peptides exhibit improved cancer targeting efficacy. In the present study, the design and synthesis of a new RGD-GE11 peptide heterodimer for dual αvβ3 integrin/EGFR-targeted cancer imaging are described. The RGD-GE11 heterodimer was linked with 6-aminohexanoic acid (6-Ahx) and cysteine and conjugated with 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-N,N',N″-triacetic acid (NOTA) to form NOTA-RGD-cys-6-Ahx-GE11. The monomeric peptides, NOTA-cys-6-Ahx-GE11 and c(RGDyK), were formed by a peptide synthesizer. The peptide heterodimer NOTA-RGD-GE11 was obtained by NOTA-cys-6-Ahx-GE11 and maleimidopropyl-c(RGDyK) conjugation with a thioether linkage. The NOTA peptide conjugate was labeled with freshly eluted (68)Ga and purified using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The (68)Ga-NOTA-RGD-cys-6-Ahx-GE11 was successfully prepared, in this study, with a radiochemical yield of 85% and a radiochemical purity of >98%. These results warrant further investigation of this heterodimeric peptide's binding affinity to the receptors.
Load identification in nonintrusive load monitoring using steady-state and turn-on transient energy algorithms (2010)

Non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) techniques are based on the analysis of load energy signatures. With characterizing associated transient energy signature, the reliability and accuracy of recognition results can be accurately understood or ascertained. In this study, the computer supported cooperative work techniques (CSCW), artificial neural networks (ANN), in combination with turn-on transient energy analysis, are used to identify loads and to improve recognition accuracy and computational speed of NILM results. The experimental results indicated that the incorporation of turn-on transient energy signature analysis into NILM revealed more information than traditional NILM methods, and the resulting recognition accuracy and computational speed were improved. In addition, in combination with computer supported cooperative work in electromagnetic transient program (EMTP) simulation, calculations of turn-on transient energy facilitated load identification that had significant effect on NILM results.
On determining chemical durability of glasses (2010)

Glass is relatively durable in acidic to neutral solutions. Durability is often a desirable property, but in some applications some surface dissolution and reactivity are desired, e.g. bioactive glasses. In this work we compare the suitability of three methods; modified ISO 719, dynamic water, and static TRIS-buffered solution tests for establishing fundamental information on the tendency for glass dissolution. All the tested methods gave similar relative order for the durability of glasses. ISO 719 with additional measurements gave indications of the dissolution reaction mechanisms, while the dynamic test setup gave information about reaction kinetics. Glass compositions chosen for this study were from different hydrolytic resistance groups. All glasses dissolved incongruently with alkali ion exchange being dominant within the temperature range from 40 to 98 degrees C corresponding to the conditions required by ISO 719. However, at 98 degrees C network dissolution was considerable. The temperature dependence of the glass dissolution exhibited Arrhenius-type behaviour. The apparent activation energy based on hydrochloric acid consumption was at same level for all the glasses (20-30 kJ/mol) corresponding to values for a diffusion controlled mechanism. However, the apparent activation energy values based on silica concentration suggested a surface controlled reaction mechanism for E-glass and float glass.
SiC JFET switching behavior in a drive inverter under influence of circuit parasitics (2011)

This paper investigates the switching behaviour of normally-off SiC JFETs in an inverter for a motor drive. The parasitic ringing caused by different parasitic effects is analysed. Two different methods, the use of an RC snubber and the use of a ferrite bead, are proposed for dampening the parasitic oscillations. It is found that applying a ferrite bead not only dampens the parasitic oscillations but also results in significantly lower switching losses. Furthermore, it is shown that the capacitive coupling between SiC devices and heat sinks significantly deteriorates the JFETs' switching performance. The effect of two substrates, an IMS and a PCB, on the capacitive coupling is investigated. A method in which the use of two separate heat sinks minimises the capacitive coupling thus exploiting the full potential of fast SiC JFETs is proposed.
A bottleneck-free bidding zone configuration approach qualification (2016)

Nodal or zonal price signals are generated in a power network based on prevailing market philosophies. In nodal pricing regime, prices are derived at each injection or withdrawal node. These prices will vary across the network based on congestion and losses in the network. In financial market context, network is considered to be lossless. Thus, occurrence of congestion in the network creates different prices for electricity transactions. This is known as bottleneck issue. However, in zonal pricing regime, the complete network is present as a single zone in the absence of any bottleneck. In practice, market splitting takes place in presence of bottlenecks in the network. This is an attribute of power market that has been adopted in decentralized market clearing practice, the example of which are Indian power market and Nordic pool. The market splitting is done based on pre-specified zones that are fictitious and formed based on regulator's experience. These zones are termed as copper plate in which all players are treated on par as they are connected to a single bus having a single price for buying and selling of power. It is expected that players enjoy enough market liquidity and risk hedging to play freely within a zone to have perfect competition. In India, these zones are formed based on geographical and political boundaries. This might bring the players who are non-contributors of congestion into the wing of high price zone. This creates an issue of fairness. This paper proposes a methodology to solve network segmentation problem in wholesale competition environment so that appropriate bid areas are formed. A two-step process is proposed. Firstly, an optimization based zone formation of nodes with closeness as a decision index is done. Secondly, a fine adjustment on the results of the first step by bus migration process is done. The proposed method is implemented on modified Indian power network consisting of 193 buses, 452 branches and 52 generators. It is observed that a clear-cut and practically implementable bidding zones are formed using this method.
Robust online estimation of the vanishing point for vehicle mounted cameras (2011)

For cameras mounted on a vehicle, the estimation of the vanishing point corresponding to the observed field of view is an important machine vision task necessary for a lot of applications, such as camera calibration and autonomous vehicle navigation. In this paper, a novel method for the estimation of the vanishing point corresponding to a particular camera orientation with respect to the vehicle is proposed. Robust features are first extracted and the motion of the vehicle is then used to estimate parallel trajectories by tracking these features. Thus, the proposed scheme does not rely on any man-made structures or pre-assumed gradients. The estimated trajectories are then processed to robustly estimate the vanishing point for the mounted camera for any given driving direction. Experimental results show that the proposed technique is able to robustly and accurately estimate the vanishing point for a variety of orientations of the camera mounting.
Thermal modeling and experimental characterization of the C4/surface-mount-array interconnect technologies (1995)

This paper presents various thermal management options available for controlled collapse chip connection (C4) die attached to a ceramic surface mount array (SMA) substrate, as they apply to low end/midrange computer products. The Motorola 88110 RISC microprocessor was used as a thermal test vehicle to verify theoretical models, for a limited set of boundary conditions. A thermal test board was designed to accommodate the 25 mm substrate and its use will be discussed. The focus is the internal package resistance and the effects of parameters such as: the 64 bumps, the thermal paste, and the thermal paste thickness, However, the die junction-to-ambient resistance is presented for attached commercially-available heat sinks convectively cooled (to 4 m/s) for typical workstation computer-systems operational constraints.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
<title>Fiber optic NIR evanescent wave absorption sensor systems for in-situ monitoring of hydrocarbon compounds in waste and ground water</title> (1999)

In situ measurements with the prototype of a portable fiber- optic sensor system for the monitoring of nonpolar hydrocarbons (HC) in ground water or industrial waste water are presented. This sensor system can be used for quantitative in situ analysis of pollutants such as aromatic solvents, fuels, mineral oils or chlorinated HCs in a broad concentration range from around 200 (mu) g(DOT) L<SUP>-1</SUP> up to a few 100 mg(DOT) L<SUP>-1</SUP>. The sensing principle is based on solid phase extraction of analyte molecules into a hydrophobic silicone cladding of a quartz glass optical fiber and the direct absorptiometric measurement of the extracted species in the polymer through the evanescent wave. The sensor can be connected via all-silica fibers with a length of up to 100 m to a filter photometer developed at the IFIA, thus allowing even remote analysis in monitoring wells. This instrument provides a sum concentration signal of the extracted organic compounds by measuring the integral absorption at the C-H overtone bands in the near-infrared spectral range. In situ measurements with the sensor system were performed in a ground water circulation well at the VEGAS research facility (Universitat Stuttgart). Here, the sensor proved to trace the HC sum concentration of xylene isomers in process water pumped from the well to a stripper column. In further experiments the sensor was combined with an oil sampling device and was tested with simulated waste waters of a commercial vehicle plant contaminated with different types of mineral oil. In this case the sensor system was able to detect the presence of mineral oil films floating on water or oil-in-water emulsions with concentrations greater than 20 ppm (v/v) within a few minutes.
A Study on the Development of Simulating Tool for Evaluation of Electrostatic Discharge (2011)

Explosion and fire cause about 30 reported industrial major accidents a year by ignition source which discharge of electrostatic generated to flammable gas, vapor, dust and mixtures. It brings economically and humanly very large loss that accident was caused by fire and explosion from electrostatic discharge. Thus, it is very important that electrostatic discharge energy is to be control below not to be igniting flammable mixtures. There are two kinds of analysis model for electrostatic discharge, human body model and machine model. Human body model is available the parameter of human's electrical equivalent that capacitance is 100 pF, resistance is . To simulate and visualize the electrostatic discharge from human body need a very expensive and high voltage simulator. In this paper, we measured the value of capacitance and resistance concerned with test materials and sizing of specimen and the value of charged voltage concerned with test specimen and distance to develop an electrostatic charge/discharge simulating tool for teaching with which concerned industrial employee and students. The result of experiments, we conformed that the minimum ignition energy of methane-oxygen mixtures meets well the equation , and found out that the insulating material and sizing of equivalent value having human body mode are the poly ethylene of 200 mm and 300 mm of diameter. Developed electrostatic charge/discharge simulating tool has many merits; simple mechanism, low cost, no need of electric power and so on.
Well-posedness and large deviation for degenerate SDEs with Sobolev coefficients (2013)

In this article we prove existence and uniqueness for degenerate stochastic differential equations with Sobolev (possibly singular) drift and diffusion coefficients in a generalized sense. In particular, our result covers the classical DiPerna–Lions flows and we also obtain well-posedness for degenerate Fokker–Planck equations with irregular coefficients. Moreover, a large deviation principle of Freidlin–Wenzell type for this type of SDEs is established.
Of ponniacs, dennists and that trader Benndict Arnold ‐ or, American speech through English ears (1973)

"Of ponniacs, dennists and that trader Benndict Arnold ‐ or, American speech through English ears." Communication Quarterly, 21(1), pp. 37–38
A 13-dB IIP3 Improved Low-Power CMOS RF Programmable Gain Amplifier Using Differential Circuit Transconductance Linearization for Various Terrestrial Mobile D-TV Applications (2006)

A CMOS RF digitally programmable gain amplifier (RF PGA), covering various terrestrial mobile digital TV standards (DMB, ISDB-T, and DVB-H) is implemented as a part of a low-IF tuner IC using 0.18-/spl mu/m CMOS technology. An improvement of 13-dB IIP3 is attained without significant degradation of other performance criteria like gain, noise figure, common-mode rejection ratio, etc., at similar power consumption. This is achieved by applying a newly proposed differential circuit gm" (the second derivatives of transconductance) cancellation technique, called the differential multiple gated transistor (DMGTR). In the DMGTR amplifier, the negative value of gm" in the fully differential amplifier can be compensated by the positive value of gm" in the pseudo differential amplifier which is properly sized and biased. By adopting the DMGTR, a low-power highly linear RF PGA is implemented. Also, in order to have wide gain range with fine step resolution, a new RF PGA architecture is proposed. The measurement results of the proposed RF PGA exhibit 50-dB gain range with 0.25-dB resolution, 4.5-dB noise figure, a -4-dBm IIP3 (maximum 30 dBm) and 25-dB gain at 16-mW power consumption.
PROPERTY Historic Preservation: Prohibit Power of Eminent Domain from Creating, Altering, or Affecting Conservation Easements (1993)

The Act changes how conservation easements may be created, altered or affected. Under the Act, conservation easements may not be created or expanded, but may be otherwise altered or affected by exercise of the power of eminent domain.