gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i>IDH</i> mutations are closely associated with mutations of <i>DNMT3A</i>, <i>ASXL1</i> and <i>SRSF2</i> in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and are stable during disease evolution (2013)

Current information about clinical significance of IDH mutations in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), their association with other genetic alterations and the stability during disease progression is limited. In this study, IDH mutations were identified in 4.6% of 477 patients with MDS based on the FAB classification and in 2.2 % of 368 patients based on the 2008 WHO classification. IDH mutations were closely associated with older age, higher platelet counts, and mutations of DNMT3A (36.4% vs. 8.7%, P < 0.001), ASXL1 (47.6% vs. 22.0%, P = 0.007), and SRSF2 (45.5% vs. 11.8%, P < 0.001). IDH2 mutation was a poor prognostic factor for overall survival in patients with lower-risk MDS, based on international prognosis scoring system (IPSS), FAB classification, WHO classification, or revised IPSS (all P ≦ 0.001), but not in higher-risk groups. Sequential studies in 151 patients demonstrated that all IDH-mutated patients retained the same mutation during disease evolution while none of the IDH-wild patients acquired a novel mutation during follow-ups. In conclusion, IDH mutation is a useful biomarker for risk stratification of patients with lower-risk MDS. IDH mutations are stable during the clinical course. The mutation, in association with other genetic alterations, may play a role in the development, but not progression of MDS.
Theory of high-temperature superconductivity and effective gravity (2008)

We argue that an approach involving effective gravity could play a crucial role in elucidating the properties of the high-temperature superconducting materials. In particular we propose that the high critical temperature might be naturally explained in a framework constructed as a direct condensed-matter analog of the Randall-Sundrum approach to a geometrization of the hierarchy problem in high-energy physics.
ChemInform Abstract: Photochemical Synthesis of Phosphinolines from Phosphonium—Iodonium Ylides. (2011)

Abstract Irradiation of phosphonium—iodonium ylides with terminal alkynes results in formation of phosphinolines and/or 1,3‐cycloaddition products depending on the nature of ylide and alkyne substituents.
Blood collection and processing. Quality guidelines and standards reflecting common best practice standards referring to the EuBIS manual and guide (2012)

EuBIS, the European blood inspection system, is a collaborative effort of 27 representatives from 19 Member States (MS), including governmental institutions, blood establishments and competent authorities. EuBIS has been initiated by co-funding through the Public Health Programme (Directorate General Sanco) of the European Commission bringing together regulators (competent authorities) and manufacturers (blood establishments) to jointly develop criteria and standards aimed to assist: 1 blood establishments in need to optimize their quality system and self-inspection process and to prepare for regulatory inspections by competent authorities and 2 competent authorities, who wish to use the manual and training guide as a reference for the implementation process of legislative requirements related to regulatory inspections. These standards and criteria have been published in a EuBIS Manual and a EuBIS Training Guide. The structure of the EuBIS training guide follows critical aspects of quality management to be addressed to achieve good/best practice. For each of the quality related critical points, a criterion description, examples evidence and references to relevant international standards (GMP, PIC/S and CoE/EDQM CD-P-TS) and legislative requirements based on the European blood directives are given. Using ‘fishbone’ diagrams, quality indicators for risk assessment can be easily developed in a systematic fashion covering all relevant activities of a blood establishment. Chapter 3·5 refers to Blood collection, testing and processing with detailed subchapters on blood collection, processing and validation, labelling and release of blood and blood components. Additional quality requirements are described in Chapter 3·3 for Premises (Collection, Processing, Storage and Distribution), Chapter 3·4 Equipment and Chapter 3·8 non-conformance. Based on these standards and criteria, quality management systems have been nationally adapted to include reporting systems for risk analysis, prevention and acceptance based on deviations of processes, non conforming products and/or adverse events as well as non-compliances from audits and regulatory inspections.
Over-Expression Of Trail On Donor T Cells Simultaneously Ameliorates GVHD And Enhances GVT (2010)

TNF-Related Apoptosis Inducing Ligand (TRAIL) is a type II membrane protein, which can transduce apoptotic signals through death receptor (DR) 4 and 5 molecules (only DR5 in mice) expressed on target cells. Previous studies with TRAIL-deficient donor T cells indicated that TRAIL is dispensable in the development of lethal graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), although it plays a role in thymic GVHD. In contrast, TRAIL-deficient T cells displayed a significant loss in graft-versus-tumor (GVT) activity. In this study, we evaluated the effect of TRAIL over-expression in donor T cells (mature and precursor stage) on GVHD and GVT. Mature T cells derived from donor splenocytes were transduced with a lentiviral TRAIL expression vector. The transduced TRAIL+ cells were adoptively transferred on day 0 into recipients of a T cell depleted allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (TCD-AHSCT) to assess their effects on GVHD and GVT. T cell precursors were generated from murine hematopoietic stem cells, transduced with lentiviral vectors and expanded using the OP9-DL1 co-culture system. Mature splenic TRAIL+ T cells were able to mount significantly enhanced antitumor immunity compared to T cells transduced with a control vector against tumor cell lines in vitro and upon transfer into tumor bearing AHSCT recipients. To our surprise, AHSCT recipients treated with TRAIL+ T cells had significantly less GVHD. We observed increased DR5 expression on host antigen presenting cells (APC) soon after the total body irradiation used in our preparative regimens, suggesting that TRAIL+ donor T cells could eliminate host APC, resulting in less GVHD. Finally, adoptive transfer of TRAIL+ precursor T cells could reconstitute the T cell compartment and resulted in enhanced GVT activity without exacerbation of GVHD. In conclusion, our data indicate that adoptive transfer of TRAIL+ donor T cells or T cell precursors can enhance GVT activity, while ameliorating GVHD possibly through the elimination of host APC.
ChemInform Abstract: Advances in the Ring Opening of Small‐Ring Heterocycles with Organoboron Derivatives (2014)

Abstract Review: [48 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Absolute Stereostructures of Cyanogenic Glycosides, Hydracyanosides A (I), B (II), and C (III), from the Leaves and Stems of Hydrangea macrophylla. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Improvement of Surface Morphologies of Ru Thin Films by 2-Step MOCVD Process Using (2,4-Demethylpentadienyl)(Ethylcyclopentadienyl)Ruthenium and Oxygen (2007)

Ru thin films were grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) on TiN and TEOS oxide substrates at 300oC using (2,4-demethylpentadienyl)(ethylcyclopenadienyl) ruthenium [Ru(DMPD)(EtCp)] and oxygen. Instead of conventional single step process, we investigated 2-step CVD process to enhance initial nucleation rate and reduce the incubation time for film formation. This process consisted of a seeding step, where high flow rate of oxygen and low process pressure were used, and a film growth step with low O2 flow rate and high pressure. The deposited Ru films by 2-step process have smooth surface morphologies compared to those by single step process.
Deep Learning in Remote Sensing: A Comprehensive Review and List of Resources (2020)

Central to the looming paradigm shift toward data-intensive science, machine-learning techniques are becoming increasingly important. In particular, deep learning has proven to be both a major breakthrough and an extremely powerful tool in many fields. Shall we embrace deep learning as the key to everything? Or should we resist a black-box solution? These are controversial issues within the remote-sensing community. In this article, we analyze the challenges of using deep learning for remote-sensing data analysis, review recent advances, and provide resources we hope will make deep learning in remote sensing seem ridiculously simple. More importantly, we encourage remote-sensing scientists to bring their expertise into deep learning and use it as an implicit general model to tackle unprecedented, large-scale, influential challenges, such as climate change and urbanization.
Highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART)-induced maintenance of adaptive but not innate immune parameters is associated with protection from HIV-induced mortality (2006)

Summary Immunosuppression induced by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) increases the risk of death. We measured the influence of immunological and virological factors and the type of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) on this risk. Adaptive (lymphocyte) and innate (natural killer) immune correlates and maximum HIV viral loads were assessed for association with mortality using univariate and multivariate analyses. The protective effect of HAART regimens, containing protease inhibitors (PI) and/or non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) on mortality were also examined in a prospectively recorded cohort of 9621 HIV-infected individuals. From this entire cohort, 5873 HIV infected individuals (61%) have been followed-up in the HAART era and of these 499 (8·5%) have died. In multivariate analyses, CD4 counts below the 50th centile and CD8 and CD19 counts below the 25th centile were significantly associated with mortality, as was increased age (P &lt; 0·001). Innate immune subset levels had no effect on mortality. A maximum HIV viral load greater than the 75th centile was also associated independently with mortality (P &lt; 0·035). Exposure to either a PI or an NNRTI-containing HAART regimen, or both together, was protective against death compared with no anti-retrovirals (P &lt; 0·001). Effective HAART-induced maintenance of the adaptive immune system (CD4, CD8 and CD19 counts) protects from HIV-related mortality.
An AFM/STM multi‐mode nanofabrication approach allowing <i>in situ</i> surface modification and characterisation (2013)

A report is presented on a new multi‐mode nanofabrication method that uses a compliant conductive atomic force microscope (AFM) probe for both AFM and scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) operation and it is demonstrated that these modes can be switched ‘on‐the‐fly’ during the measurement or fabrication of nanostructures. The authors oxidised Ti with the same conductive AFM probe in AFM and STM modes, alternately in a continuous writing step. An in‐plane Ti–TiO x –Ti junction was fabricated by combining AFM and STM modes and electrically characterised by taking current images in conductive AFM mode. After measurement, additional features were written to increase the electrical isolation, thus realising in situ nanoscale modification.
Chebyshev moments as a new set of moments for image reconstruction (2002)

Chebyshev (sometimes referred to as Tchebichef) moments, introduced by Mukundan et al., belong to a class of discrete orthogonal moments. In this paper, Chebyshev moments are used to analytically reconstruct grey level images. Their capability to reconstruct images with and without noise is compared to that of Zernike and Legendre moments, which are well known classes of continuous moments.
Data Set for "Engineering multi-layered tissue constructs using acoustic levitation" (2019)

Data relating to paper: "Engineering multi-layered tissue constructs using acoustic levitation." Published in Scientific Reports (accepted 28/06/19, DOI to follow)
Superpixel-based image recognition for food images (2016)

Food is an inseparable part of people's lives. Food image recognition has been attracting increasing attention due to the advances of Internet, imaging techniques and social media. Approaches for food image recognition are mainly focused on two main directions: low-level approaches and mid-level approaches. Low-level approaches extract low-level local features, such as SIFT or SURF, following feature encoding techniques. Mid-level approaches extract higher-level image parts and have shown promising results in many recognition problems. Compared with other image recognition problems, food images are highly deformable with large intra-class variance and small between-class variance. In this paper, considering that mid-level approaches' superior performance and superpixels segmentation methods' ability to successfully segment food parts, we propose a superpixel-based food image recognition framework to mine mid-level superpixel food parts-to-class similarity. We evaluate the proposed framework on UEC Food dataset, and show promising results when compared with existing state-of-the-art methods.
Simple, robust methods for high-throughput nanoliter-scale DNA sequencing (2005)

We have developed high-throughput DNA sequencing methods that generate high quality data from reactions as small as 400 nL, providing an approximate order of magnitude reduction in reagent use relative to standard protocols. Sequencing of clones from plasmid, fosmid, and BAC libraries yielded read lengths (PHRED20 bases) of 765 +/- 172 (n = 10,272), 621 +/- 201 (n = 1824), and 647 +/- 189 (n = 568), respectively. Implementation of these procedures at high-throughput genome centers could have a substantial impact on the amount of data that can be generated per unit cost.
Design of compact planar ultrawideband antenna with dual-notched bands using slotted square patch and pi-shaped conductor-backed plane (2012)

A planar antenna with ultrawideband (UWB) performance and dual band-notched characteristics is proposed. The main features of the antenna are the compact dimensions and omnidirectional radiation across the whole band of operation. The radiator of the antenna is a slotted square patch. The ground plane is located at the bottom layer, which also includes a П-shaped conductor-backed plane used to widen the impedance bandwidth. Dual band-notched characteristics are achieved by an inverted T-shaped strip inside the slotted radiator and a pair of mirror inverted L-shaped slots at the two sides of the radiator. The measured results of the manufactured (12×16 mm) antenna on 1.6 mm FR4 substrate show that the antenna operates with voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) less than two over the frequency band from 2.5 to 10.8 GHz. That wideband is featured by the existence of two notched bands (3.23–4.3 and 5–6 GHz), where the VSWR is more than nine, aimed at suppressing any interference from IEEE802.16 WiMAX (3.3–3.6 GHz), C-band systems (3.7–4.2 GHz) and IEEE802.11a WLAN (5.15–5.825 GHz). The antenna has an omnidirectional radiation across the whole UWB as validated by the measured radiation pattern and gain.
Computational Investigation of the Morphology, Efficiency, and Properties of Silver Nano Wires Networks in Transparent Conductive Film (2018)

Random networks of silver nano wires have been considered for use in transparent conductive films as an alternative to Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), which is unsuitable for flexible devices. However, the random distribution of nano wires makes such conductive films non-uniform. As electrical conductivity is achieved through a percolation process, understanding the scale-dependency of the macroscopic properties (like electrical conductivity) and the exact efficiency of the network (the proportion of nano wires that participate in electrical conduction) is essential for optimizing the design. In this paper, we propose a computational method for identifying the representative volume element (RVE) of nano wire networks. This defines the minimum pixel size in devices using such transparent electrodes. The RVE is used to compute the macroscopic properties of films and to quantify the electrically conducting efficiency of networks. Then, the sheet resistance and transparency of networks are calculated based on the predicted RVEs, in order to analyze the effects of nano wire networks on the electrical and optical properties of conductive films. The results presented in this paper provide insights that help optimizing random nano wire networks in transparent conductive films for achieving better efficiencies.
A hydrogel capsule as gate dielectric in flexible organic field-effect transistors (2014)

A jellified alginate based capsule serves as biocompatible and biodegradable electrolyte system to gate an organic field-effect transistor fabricated on a flexible substrate. Such a system allows operating thiophene based polymer transistors below 0.5 V through an electrical double layer formed across an ion-permeable polymeric electrolyte. Moreover, biological macro-molecules such as glucose-oxidase and streptavidin can enter into the gating capsules that serve also as delivery system. An enzymatic bio-reaction is shown to take place in the capsule and preliminary results on the measurement of the electronic responses promise for low-cost, low-power, flexible electronic bio-sensing applications using capsule-gated organic field-effect transistors.
Efficient lipid antigen presentation to NKT cells by targeting CD169/Siglec-1 on macrophages with its glycan ligand. (100.49) (2011)

Abstract Natural killer T (NKT) cells are a subset of T cells expressing an invariant TCR with cross-species conserved specificity to glycolipid antigens in the CD1d restricted presentation. Recent studies have identified CD169/Siglec-1+ macrophages as antigen presenting cells for NKT cells. Here we show that delivery of the lipid antigen through CD169 on macrophages induces NKT cell activation. We developed CD169-targeted liposomes decorated with a specific glycan ligand of CD169 (9-N-biphenylcarboxyl-NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc) and observed that CD169-targeted liposomes were captured by macrophages in the CD169-dependent manner, and delivered to lysosomes, the known site of lipid antigen loading on CD1d. We next investigated the ability of the CD169-targeted liposomes to promote NKT cell activation by delivery of a lipid antigen α-GalCer to macrophages. We found that macrophages pulsed with α-GalCer containing CD169-targeted liposomes efficiently presented the lipid antigen to NKT cells when transferred into the C57BL/6J mouse. Alternatively, intravenous injection of the α-GalCer containing CD169-targeted liposomes activated NKT cells 100-fold more efficiently than lipid antigen alone in vivo. CD169-targeted liposomes without α-GalCer did not activate NKT cells, demonstrating this activation is through cognate antigen recognition by NKT cells. These data demonstrate that CD169-targeted liposomes dramatically enhance lipid antigen delivery to macrophages for NKT cell activation in vivo.
Pulse current response of high-Tc superconducting vortex flow transistors (2004)

The properties of superconducting vortex flow transistor (SVFT), which consist of a vortex flow channel and a control line for applying a magnetic field, are diagnosed by using a current pulses train method. The time-domain waveforms of the vortex flow voltage along the channel were measure using the current pulses train with the pulse width of 5 ms as input signals. The fast response of the flow voltage suggests that the heating effect is negligible and the effect of the magnetic field generated by the control line was dominant in our measurement. The vortex flow speed was estimated from the ratio of the flux flow voltage to the control current, and was found to be 8.6×10^4 m/s. We also estimated the pinning energy Ep from the vortex flow speed, and found that the value of Ep is around 8.6 meV for our device, which can be easily excited by a conventional Ti:sapphire femtosecond laser.
Weiterentwicklung der Azimutprozessierung (2008)

Ziel des vorliegenden Technischen Berichts ist die Weiterentwicklung der Azimutprozessierung in einem Multi-Apertur SAR System durch die Entwicklung und Analyse von Optimierungspotentialen. Dieser Bericht basiert auf den Analysen und Ergebnissen der AP 2200 und 2400 aus der Phase I der HRWS Studie.\nDer erste Teil beschreibt den Einfluss des neuen Sendeverfahrens f-Split auf die Azimutprozessierung und leitet ein äquivalentes Systemmodell her. \nDarauffolgend werden, ausgehend von einer systematischen Analyse der Ursachen für Rauschen und Aliasing, Kompensations- und Optimierungspotentiale aufgezeigt. Diese Analyse erlaubt, im weiteren Verlauf des Berichts Strategien und Methoden zu definieren, um diese Potentiale zu nutzen. Dabei umfasst die Bandbreite der Lösungsansätze sowohl eine optimierte Anpassung von Prozessierungsparametern im bekannten Algorithmus als auch eine Erweiterung des bestehenden Prozessierungsalgorithmus bis hin zur Analyse und Evaluierung eines neuen Algorithmus für Multi-Apertur Systeme. Dabei betreffen alle der vorgeschlagenen Methoden und Techniken nur die Prozessierung des bereits abgetasteten Azimut-Signals, und können somit direkt im bestehenden Referenzsystem implementiert und angewendet werden. \nAbschließend wird ein Ausblick auf weitergehende Optimierungspotentiale gegeben, die in Systemen Anwendung finden können, die sowohl sende- als auch empfangsseitig über eine komplexere Architektur als das aktuelle HRWS System verfügen.
Risk factors for foot and ankle disorders among assembly plant workers (2010)

An increased risk is associated with higher metatarsal pressure and increased time spent walking. These findings suggest several options for primary and secondary prevention strategies. The use of shoe orthoses with a medial longitudinal arch and metatarsal pad as well as including optional sit/stand workstations may be helpful.
A radiation-hard 80 MHz phase locked loop for clock and data recovery (2003)

A radiation-hard phase locked loop (PLL) was developed to recover a low-jitter clock and data from an 80 MHz biphase mark encoded bitstream. The circuit was implemented in a 0.8 /spl mu/m radiation-hard SOI-BiCMOS technology (DMILL) and operates with a power supply voltage of 3.3 V. After a 10 Mrad irradiation it showed no significant performance degradation. The circuit contains three innovative features: first, a parameter-independent biasing scheme, which adapts the charge-pump current to variations of transistor process parameters in order to achieve a predictable loop behavior. Second, a novel frequency detector, allowing the PLL to reach the target frequency without an external frequency reference, and third, a novel phase detector achieving direct lock to the incoming biphase mark signal.
Dissipative stability theory for linear repetitive processes with application in iterative learning control (2009)

This paper develops a new set of necessary and sufficient conditionsfor the stability of linear repetitiveprocesses, based on a dissipative setting for analysis. Theseconditions reduce the problem of determining whether a linearrepetitive process is stable or not to that of checking for theexistence of a solution to a set of linear matrixinequalities (LMIs). Testing the resulting conditions only requirescomputations with matrices whose entries are constant in comparison toalternatives where frequency response computations are required.
Neonatal exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) causes deranged behaviour and increased susceptibility of the cholinergic system in adult mice (2006)

Neonatal exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) causes deranged behaviour and increased susceptibility of the cholinergic system in adult mice