gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Early separation of filter and refinement steps in spatial query optimization (2003)

The spatial query has been processed in two steps, the filter step and the refinement step, due to the large volume and high complexity of the spatial data. However, this approach has been considered only in the query execution phase after completion of the query optimization phase. This paper presents query optimization strategies which take the characteristics of spatial databases into account. The first strategy is the separation of filter and refinement steps not in the query execution phase but in the query optimization phase. As the second strategy, several refinement operations can be combined in processing a complex query, and as the third strategy several filter operations can also be combined. We call the optimization technique utilizing these strategies the early separated filter and refinement (ESFAR). This paper also presents a rule-based optimization technique for ESFAR.
Vigabatrin (1994)

The discovery of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) as the first major inhibitory neurotransmitter and a program exploring the use of enzyme inhibition as a therapeutic tool provided the basis for the conception of vigabatrin (VGB, Sabril). This molecule, an analogue of GABA, has a highly specific activity as an enzyme-activated irreversible inhibitor of GABA-transaminase causing several-fold increases in the concentration of brain GABA. In animal models for epilepsy, it was found to have a rather different spectrum of activity than conventional antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). The clinical development of VGB was delayed by the finding of focal areas of reversible microvacuolation in the white matter of the brains of rodents and dogs. An extensive human safety program has confirmed that this finding is species specific and does not occur in humans. Clinically, VGB is well tolerated and has been shown to be specially effective in the management of partial seizures that have failed to respond to other AEDs. In most controlled studies, about 50% of patients with previously uncontrolled seizures have a 50% reduction in frequency and about 4-5% become seizure-free. In children, it also appears to be especially effective in the management of infantile spasms as well as in partial seizures. VGB offers a significant improvement in the management of epilepsy and is now under development as a first-line agent.
The improved landmine detection system (1996)

This paper has outlined the approach being taken for the development of an improved landmine detection and marking system (ILDS) for peacekeeping roles. An incremental approach is being used which enables an urgent operational requirement to be addressed expeditiously in spite of the considerable difficulty of the fundamental detection problem. It also enables significant progress to be made in a relatively short time period with very limited budgets and R&D resources. The main features of the ILDS solution have also been described. By limiting the scope of the total landmine detection problem, currently available detection technologies with known capabilities may be used in conjunction with data fusion techniques to produce an improved landmine detection capability. This system will provide landmine clearance personnel with a system which is much faster and safer than the currently available manual methods, and represents a significant step towards a solution to the overall landmine detection problem. The ILDS concept consists of a teleoperated remote detection vehicle platform and a command vehicle. A combination of metal detector, ground penetrating radar, and thermal neutron activation detectors are used.
Network Processor——Key Technology of the Next Generation Network Development (2003)

Introduces basic concept of network processors and background of technology, and gives the basic architecture of network processors. The advantage of network processors is represented too.
BLOCKING OF ACETYLCHOLINE-INDUCED FIBRILLATION BY USE OF NOREPINEPHRINE INTO THE AV NODE ARTERY (1970)

1. Both the sinus-and AV node arteries of the canine heart in vivo were simultaneously perfused at a constant pressure of 100 mmHg.2. The selective administration of 0.1 to 0.3μg of norepinephrine into the AV node artery caused a shortening of the PQ interval, and the P wave eventually disappeared after a dose of 1 to 10μg. An inverted P wave was occasionally observed just before the disappearance of P wave. Thus the AV nodal tachycardia was induced when the pacemaker shifted from the sino-atrial node to the AV node. When the AV nodal rhythm reverted to the sinus rhythm in the course of recovery, the sinus rate decreased at first below control before being stabilized at the original value.3. Atrial fibrillation resulting from the administration of acetylcholine into the sinus node artery did not occur when the pacemaker activity had been made to shift to the AV node.4. The induction of atrial fibrillation to be induced by injection of acetylcholine into the sinus node artery was blocked even when the dominance of pacemaker activity in the right atrium was induced by electric pacing.5. When the dominant pacemaker in the atrioventricular node was established successfully by injection of norepinephrine into the AV node artery, sustaining atrial fibrillation was blocked.6. It was concluded that the dominant activity of sino-atrial pacemaker is necessary for induction and maintenance of atrial fibrillation by acetylcholine.
A unified view of multitaper multivariate spectral estimation (2000)

The orthogonal multitaper framework for cross‐spectral estimators provides a simple unifying structure for determining the corresponding statistical properties. Here cross‐spectral estimators are represented by a weighted average of orthogonally‐tapered cross‐periodograms, with the weights corresponding to a set of rescaled eigenvalues. Such a structure not only encompasses the Thomson estimators, using Slepian and sine tapers, but also Welch's weighted overlapped segment averaging estimator and lag window estimators including frequency‐averaged cross‐periodograms. The means, smoothing and leakage biases, variances and asymptotic distributions of such estimators can all be formulated in a common way; comparisons are made for a fixed number of degrees of freedom. The common structure of the estimators also provides a necessary condition for the invertibility of an estimated cross‐spectral matrix, namely that the weight matrix of the estimator written in bilinear form must have rank greater than or equal to the dimension of the cross‐spectral matrix. An example is given showing the importance of small leakage and thus illustrating that the various estimators need not be equivalent in practice.
Experimental and Modeling Studies of Looping Process for Wire Bonding (2013)

Looping is one of the key technologies for modern thermosonic wire bonders, and it has been affected by many interacting factors. In this study, the wire looping process was observed with a high-speed camera, and the evolution of wire profiles during looping and the capillary trace were obtained through experiments. A dynamic finite element (FE) model was developed to learn the details of the looping process, where real capillary geometry dimensions, capillary trace, diameter of bonded ball and the gold wire material were used, and the friction force and air tension force were considered. The simulated profiles were compared with those of the experiment. Using the verified FE model, the effects of material properties, capillary parameters, and capillary traces on the looping process were studied, and the relationships between the final profiles and parameters were discussed.
An integrated multimedia environment for speech recognition using handwriting and written gestures (2003)

To provide a natural interface to the computer, we present an integrated speech, gesture, and handwriting recognition system. By integrating these technologies, we can easily accomplish all the tasks that are needed to use computers and their applications, including many tasks which neither technology can adequately perform by itself. This integrated environment not only makes it easier for novices to use computers but also increases the productivity of experienced computer users.
Deep-learning seismic full-waveform inversion for realistic structural models (2020)

Velocity model inversion is one of the most important tasks in seismic exploration. Full-waveform inversion (FWI) can obtain the highest resolution in traditional velocity inversion methods, but it heavily depends on initial models and is computationally expensive. In recent years, a large number of deep-learning (DL)-based velocity model inversion methods have been proposed. One critical component in those DL-based methods is a large training set containing different velocity models. We have developed a method to construct a realistic structural model for the DL network. Our compressional-wave velocity model building method for creating dense-layer/fault/salt body models can automatically construct a large number of models without much human effort, which is very meaningful for DL networks. Moreover, to improve the inversion result on these realistic structural models, instead of only using the common-shot gather, we also extract features from the common-receiver gather as well. Through a large number of realistic structural models, reasonable data acquisition methods, and appropriate network setups, a more generalized result can be obtained through our proposed inversion framework, which has been demonstrated to be effective on the independent testing data set. The results of dense-layer models, fault models, and salt body models that we compared and analyzed demonstrate the reliability of our method and also provide practical guidelines for choosing optimal inversion strategies in realistic situations.
Computer architecture (1973)

article Free Access Share on Computer architecture Author: Caxton Foster University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MassachusettsView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGARCH Computer Architecture NewsVolume 2Issue 1January 1973pp 13–18https://doi.org/10.1145/641642.641645Published:01 January 1973Publication History 8citation509DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations8Total Downloads509Last 12 Months151Last 6 weeks17 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Publisher SiteeReaderPDF
A Hierarchy-Based Multi-Path Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks (2008)

This work presents a Hierarchy-Based Multi-path Routing Protocol (HMRP) for wireless sensor networks. According to HMRP, the wireless sensor network is initially constructed as a layered network. Based on the layered network, sensor nodes have multipath routes to the sink node through candidate parent nodes. The simulation results indicate that the proposed HMRP can increase the lifetime of sensor networks better than other clustering or tree-based protocols.
Deducing the Origin of Soluble Adenylyl Cyclase, a Gene Lost in Multiple Lineages (2002)

The family of eukaryotic adenylyl cyclases consists of a very large group of 12 transmembrane adenylyl cyclases and a very small group of soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC). Orthologs of human sAC are present in rat Dictyostelium and bacteria but absent from the completely sequenced genomes of Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans, Arabidopsis thaliana, and Saccharomyces cereviciae. sAC consists of two cyclase domains and a long approximately 1,000 amino acid C-terminal (sCKH) region. This sCKH region and one cyclase domain have been found in only four bacterial genes; the sCKH region was also detected in bacterial Lux-transcription factors and in complex bacterial and fungal kinases. The phylogenies of the kinase and cyclase domains are identical to the phylogeny of the corresponding sCKH domain, suggesting that the sCKH region fused with the other domains early during evolution in bacteria. The amino acid sequences of sAC proteins yield divergence times from the human lineage for rat and Dictyostelium that are close to the reported divergence times of many other proteins in these species. The combined results suggest that the sCKH region was fused with one cyclase domain in bacteria, and a second cyclase domain was added in bacteria or early eukaryotes. The sAC was retained in a few bacteria and throughout the entire evolution of the human lineage but lost independently from many bacteria and from the lineages of plants, yeast, worms, and flies. We conclude that within the family of adenylyl cyclases, soluble AC was poorly fixed during evolution, whereas membrane-bound AC has expanded to form the subgroups of prevailing adenylyl and guanylyl cyclases.
Sequential Logic Design (2005)

The prelims comprise: Basic Concepts Flip-Flops Master-Slave Flip-Flop Preset and Clear Inputs Summary of Flip-Flops Analysis of Synchronous Sequential Circuits Types of Synchronous Sequential Circuits Minimization of States Design of Synchronous Sequential Circuits Design of Counters Examples of Synchronous Sequential Circuits Algorithmic State Machines (ASM) Chart Asynchronous Sequential Circuits
The Cytoskeleton Protein Filamin-A Is Required for an Efficient Recombinational DNA Double Strand Break Repair (2009)

The human actin-binding protein filamin-A (also known as ABP-280) cross-links actin into a dynamic three-dimensional structure. It interacts with >45 proteins of diverse functions, serving as the scaffold in various signaling networks. BRCA2 is a protein that regulates RAD51-dependent recombinational repair of DNA double strand breaks (DSB). Proximate to the COOH terminus of the BRCA2 protein, a conserved and DNA binding domain (BRCA2-DBD) interacts with filamin-A and BCCIP. In this study, we sought to test the hypothesis that filamin-A influences homologous recombinational repair of DSB and the maintenance of genomic stability. We used three pairs of cell lines with normal and reduced filamin-A expression, including breast cancer and melanoma cells. We found that lack or reduction of filamin-A sensitizes cells to ionizing radiation, slows the removal of DNA damage-induced gammaH2AX nuclear foci, reduces RAD51 nuclear focus formation and recruitment to chromatin in response to irradiation, and results in a 2-fold reduction of homologous recombinational repair of DSB. Furthermore, filamin-A-deficient cells have increased frequencies of micronucleus formation after irradiation. Our data illustrate the importance of the cytoskeleton structure in supporting the homologous recombinational DNA repair machinery and genome integrity, and further implicate a potential of filamin-A as a marker for prognosis in DNA damage-based cancer therapy.
Multislice CT angiography in coronary artery disease: Technical developments, radiation dose and diagnostic value (2010)

Multislice computed tomography (CT) angiography has been increasingly used in the detection and diagnosis of coronary artery disease because of its rapid technical evolution from the early generation of 4-slice CT scanners to the latest models such as 64-slice, 256-slice and 320-slice CT scanners. Technical developments of multislice CT imaging enable improved diagnostic value in the detection of coronary artery disease, and this indicates that multislice CT can be used as a reliable less-invasive alternative to invasive coronary angiography in selected patients. In addition, multislice CT angiography has played a significant role in the prediction of disease progression and cardiac events. Despite promising results reported in the literature, multislice CT has the disadvantage of having a high radiation dose which could contribute to the radiation-induced malignancy. A variety of strategies have been currently undertaken to reduce the radiation dose associated with multislice CT coronary angiography while in the meantime acquiring diagnostic images. In this article, the author will review the technical developments, radiation dose associated with multislice CT coronary angiography, and strategies to reduce radiation dose. The diagnostic and prognostic value of multislice CT angiography in coronary artery disease is briefly discussed, and future directions of multislice CT angiography in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease will also be highlighted.
[Heart sounds--a mathematical transformation of blood pressure? On the origin of heart sounds]. (1992)

Two main theories exist concerning the origin of the heart sounds. The first proposes that rapid pressure fluctuations cause the cardiac valve leaflets to vibrate and produce the sound. The second theory suggests that sudden pressure perturbations cause the entire cardiohemic mass to vibrate as a whole. In 35 patients (26 men and 9 women, aged 18 to 73) with various heart diseases microtransducer catheters (Millar) were used to simultaneously record aortic pressures and aortic internal phonocardiograms in order to determine if they had a common mode of origin and propagation. The propagation velocities of the first heart sound and the foot of the aortic pressure pulse were found to be similar, 5.24 +/- 0.61 m/s and 5.97 +/- 1.87 m/s respectively (+/- SE). It was possible to derive facsimiles of the aortic internal phonocardiogram by double differentiation of the corresponding aortic pressure pulse and conversely to derive the pressure pulse by double integration of the phonocardiogram. These data support the concept that the low-frequency pressure variations produced by the entire cardiohemic mass, which predominate in the aortic pressure pulse waveforms, are generated and propagated in the same manner as the high-frequency pressure variations, which are the first and second heart sounds.
the Vasculature and Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Contribution to Pathogenesis and Clinical Pathology (2005)

Although the human inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), Crohn’s disease (CD), and ulcerative colitis (UC) are well-known inflammatory disorders that are characterized by progressive destructive inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract, their etiology and promulgating factors remain a mystery. Recently, vasculopathy is being implicated in these disease processes in an increasing number of studies. Chronically inflamed IBD microvessels have demonstrated significant alterations in microvascular physiology and function compared with vessels from healthy and uninvolved IBD intestine. The microcirculation and its endothelial lining play a central role in the initiation and perpetuation of the inflammatory process, and investigation into human IBD has demonstrated an important role for the endothelium in both normal mucosal immunity as well as the dysregulated chronic inflammation characterizing IBD. Chronically inflamed IBD microvessels demonstrate an enhanced capacity to adhere leukocytes after inflammatory activation and have alterations in selective leukocyte recruitment compared with uninvolved areas of bowel. In addition to the role of the vasculature in leukocyte recruitment, both forms of IBD are characterized by refractory mucosal damage and ulceration with an impaired capacity to heal. Previous work has demonstrated an abnormal, remodeled vascular architecture characterized by stenotic microvessels in chronically inflamed CD and UC lesions. This would suggest chronic ischemia in the IBD gut. Human in vivo investigation has demonstrated a significant decrease in mucosal intestinal microvascular perfusion in chronic IBD gut inflammation. Significantly impaired endothelial-dependent microvascular vasorelaxation in chronically inflamed CD and UC bowel has been defined recently. In this work we review the role of the microvasculature in human chronic intestinal inflammation in IBD, our present understanding of the vasculature in disease etiopathogenesis, and the emerging IBD therapies, target the vasculature.
Neuronal Nuclear Membrane Budding Occurs during a Developmental Window Modulated by Torsin Paralogs (2016)

DYT1 dystonia is a neurodevelopmental disease that manifests during a discrete period of childhood. The disease is caused by impaired function of torsinA, a protein linked to nuclear membrane budding. The relationship of NE budding to neural development and CNS function is unclear, however, obscuring its potential role in dystonia pathogenesis. We find NE budding begins and resolves during a discrete neurodevelopmental window in torsinA null neurons in vivo. The developmental resolution of NE budding corresponds to increased torsinB protein, while ablating torsinB from torsinA null neurons prevents budding resolution and causes lethal neural dysfunction. Developmental changes in torsinB also correlate with NE bud formation in differentiating DYT1 embryonic stem cells, and overexpression of torsinA or torsinB rescues NE bud formation in this system. These findings identify a torsinA neurodevelopmental window that is essential for normal CNS function and have important implications for dystonia pathogenesis and therapeutics.
Generation of new <i>Notch2</i> mutant alleles (2006)

The Notch signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved intercellular signaling mechanism, and mutations in its components disrupt embryonic development in many organisms and cause inherited diseases in humans. We previously described construction and analysis of a hypomorphic allele of the Notch2 gene. Homozygosity for this allele leads to embryonic and perinatal lethality due to cardiovascular and kidney defects. We report here novel Notch2 mutant alleles generated by gene targeting in embryonic stem cells, including a conditional null allele in which exon 3 of the Notch2 gene is flanked by loxP sequences. These new Notch2 mutant alleles expand the set of tools available for studying the myriad roles of the Notch pathway during mammalian development and will enable analysis of Notch2 function at additional stages of embryogenesis and in adult mice.
분산 및 병렬처리 : 집중형 분산처리시스템의 성능평가를 위한 퍼지 폐쇄형 BCMP 큐잉네트워크모델 (2002)

본 논문에서는 네트워크환경에 따라 모호성을 갖는 집중형 분산처리시스템의 성능평가를 위해 퍼지이론을 적용한 퍼지 폐쇄형 BCMP 큐잉네트워크모델을 제안하였다. 이 모델은 퍼지요소들을 처리할 수 있는 퍼지평균값분석방법을 사용하여 작업소요시간, 시스템처리율, 시스템내 작업수 및 서버활용율 등의 시스템성능을 평가할 수 있는 측도를 유도하였다. 이들의 유효함을 검증하기 위하여 퍼지서비스요구시간을 갖는 집중형 분산처리시스템에 클라이언트의 수의 변화에 따른 유도된 성능평가측도를 시뮬레이션하고, 그 결과를 고찰하였다. 제안된 모델은 모호성을 갖는 시스템의 성능을 평가할 때 기존의 방법보다 유연하고 실제적인 방법을 제공한다.
Synthesis, Oxygenation and Catalytic Oxidation Performance of Crown Ether‐Containing Schiff Base‐Transition Metal Complexes (2004)

Abstract Mono‐Schiff bases containing a crown ether ring ( HL 1 , HL 2 , HL 3 and HL 4 ) and their transition metal complexes were synthesized and characterized by 1 H NMR, IR, and mass spectroscopy as well as elemental analysis. The oxygenation constants (K ) of Schiff base‐Co(II) complexes were measured over the range of −5 to +25 °C, and the values of ΔH° and ΔS° were calculated based on these K values. Using Mn(III)‐Schiff base complexes, the biomimetic catalytic oxidation of styrene to benzaldehyde was carried out with 100% selectivity. Comparison of this complex with analogues not containing a crown ether moiety clearly demonstrated the influence of crown ether ring on the dioxygen affinities and biomimetic catalytic oxidation performance of the Schiff base complexes.