gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Alternative Online Videos in the 2008 U.S. Presidential Election (2011)

This chapter examines a new form of popular political mobilization–online videos. Revising a “mix of attributes approach” to media effects (Eveland, 2003), grassroots participation is included as the Internet’s new attribute, which renders a more sociopolitical impact of the medium. Furthermore, to examine its sociopolitical impact, the author suggests a “multiple” mix of attributes approach, which considers extrinsic attributes of audiences’ media consumption contexts as well as intrinsic attributes of media configurations. In this regard, the author examines the grassroots participation attribute by interrogating how ordinary people participate in an online public sphere (www.dipdive.com) where they shared and reinforced their support for Obama by producing alternative videos. When it comes to the importance of individuals’ critical appropriation of the Internet for political participation, through alternative video production, the potential of transformative human agency by shaping personal narratives toward a better future is realized. In online videos for the Obama campaign, identity politics and the democratization of campaign leadership as extrinsic attributes are enhancing the Internet’s network politics for political mobilization. Nevertheless, there is ambivalence of online video’s practical impact on society depending on each user’s specific motivations and objectives of using it as seen in many cases of destructive, anti-social deployment of the Internet throughout the globe. Therefore, as an educational initiative to implement the multiple mixes of media attributes approach, this chapter concludes by proclaiming that it is a crucial issue for critical pedagogy practitioners to envisage Feenberg’s (2002) “radical philosophy of technology” which demands individuals’ active intervention in shaping technologies’ social applications, as well as its redesign for a more egalitarian purposes. With critical media pedagogy as a premise of the strategic deployment of new media technologies for social change, common people can become leaders of democratic, grassroots political mobilization as well as active, popular pedagogues by producing alternative online videos.
Kozak Sequence Polymorphism of the Glycoprotein (GP) Ib Gene Is a Major Determinant of the Plasma Membrane Levels of the Platelet GP Ib-IX-V Complex (1999)

Despite the known importance of the sequences surrounding ATG start codons (Kozak sequences) for efficient translation of proteins, few reports have appeared that describe the natural variations in these sequences. Here, we report a human polymorphism in the Kozak sequence of the platelet adhesion receptor, glycoprotein (GP) Ibalpha, a component of the GP Ib-IX-V complex, which mediates the initial adhesion of platelets to the blood vessel wall following injury. The polymorphism is based on the presence of either thymine (T) or cytosine (C) at position -5 from the initiator ATG in the GP Ibalpha gene. The less common allele, -5C, represented 8% to 17% of the alleles in four ethnic populations surveyed. This allele more closely resembles the sequence considered optimal for efficient initiation of protein translation and is associated with increased expression of the receptor on the cell membrane, both in transfected cells and in the platelets of individuals carrying the allele. In vitro transcription/translation studies indicate that the increased expression results from more efficient translation of the -5C form of the GP Ibalpha mRNA. Other mutations made to approximate more closely the consensus sequence described by Kozak did not increase expression of the receptor. This is the first known description of Kozak sequence polymorphism as a determinant of the surface levels of a cell adhesion receptor. This polymorphism may influence an individual's susceptibility for the development of cardiovascular disease.
The Influenza A Virus Endoribonuclease PA-X Usurps Host mRNA Processing Machinery to Limit Host Gene Expression (2019)

Many viruses shut off host gene expression to inhibit antiviral responses. Viral proteins and host proteins required for viral replication are typically spared in this process, but the mechanisms of target selectivity during host shutoff remain poorly understood. Using transcriptome-wide and targeted reporter experiments, we demonstrate that the influenza A virus endoribonuclease PA-X usurps RNA splicing to selectively target host RNAs for destruction. Proximity-labeling proteomics reveals that PA-X interacts with cellular RNA processing proteins, some of which are partially required for host shutoff. Thus, PA-X taps into host nuclear pre-mRNA processing mechanisms to destroy nascent mRNAs shortly after their synthesis. This mechanism sets PA-X apart from other viral host shutoff proteins that target actively translating mRNAs in the cytoplasm. Our study reveals a unique mechanism of host shutoff that helps us understand how influenza viruses suppress host gene expression.
Morphometric Analysis of Mandibula with MDCT Method in Turkish Population (2017)

Introduction: The temporamandibular joint with the temporal bone allows the mandibular to move, which facilitates the chewing and digestion of food. In this study, it was aimed to measure the morphometric parameters of the mandibles in the Turkish population and to evaluate the effectiveness of measurements in gender determination. Method: The study was performed on 100 individuals (50 females-50 males) who were scanned with Multidetector Computed Tomography (MDCT) and applied to the Department of Radiology, Konya Education and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University. Individuals ranging in age from 20 to 80 were included in the study. Results: In our study, 7 different parameters of mandibula were measured and mean values were determined. We investigated whether statistically significant differences exist between men and women. Conclusion: In conclusion, we think that some values of the mandibular obtained in our study will constitute a reference range in Turkish society. We believe that these intervals will assist surgeons dealing with the jaw and face region and radiologists for diagnosis.
Microstructural Evolution of Thermally Treated Low-Dielectric Constant SiOC:H Films Prepared by PECVD (2006)

Low-dielectric constant amorphous- films were prepared by using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition technique and then treated in vacuum at temperatures ranging between 400 and 900°C for 30 min. The evolution of the film microstructure was investigated by means of vibrational spectroscopy, i.e., by Raman scattering and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) absorption. FTIR absorption spectra consist of several vibrational bands: namely, Si–O–Si rocking at , Si–O–Si asymmetric stretching at , symmetric deformation of – group in configuration at , C–H stretching of – groups in the region between 2750 and , and –OH related vibrational bands in the range between 3150 and . On annealing the samples up to 500°C, it is observed that both spectral shape and intensity exhibit minor changes with increasing temperature, indicating that this material exhibits a good thermal stability. In samples undergoing thermal treatments at temperatures higher than 500°C a progressive hydrogen release occurs which is evidenced by the intensity decrease of the related bands. A deeper inspection of the evolution of these spectral features evidenced that thermal treatment of samples induces a preferential release of hydrogen than of – groups, which results in the transformation of – groups into – groups. Raman spectroscopy carried out on the same samples evidences the presence of carbon nanoclusters. In fact, in the films treated at temperatures higher than 500°C both D and G bands, typical of -hybridized carbon, are observed, due to the formation of C–C bonds within the film following the hydrogen release. The intensity of these D and G bands becomes more pronounced in samples annealed at higher temperatures, thus indicating a progressive precipitation of carbon within the amorphous matrix of films. In conclusion, the H-release process is accompanied by a structural rearrangement with the formation of an amorphous silicon oxide matrix, and free-carbon inclusions embedded in it.
A greenhouse experiment finds water-sorbing polymers do not conserve water (1992)

To assess claims that water-sorbing polymers promote water conservation, a greenhouse experiment with container-grown marigolds was conducted to determine the effect of adding the polymers to soil mix. Plant growth and water retention in I- and 3-quart containers were not particularly affected, but in the 6-quart size, maximum water retention was significantly higher for the 4 lb/yd3 polymer treatment than for the other treatments, and the time from watering to wilt progressively increased from 6.1 to 7.4 days for the 0, 1, 2 and 4-lb/yd3 treatments. However, no water conservation occurred because evapotranspiration was not significantly affected by the polymer treatment.
The role of cytokines in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. A review. (2006)

The pathogenesis of NASH is being unraveled by studies of animal models and humans with this disorder. The necro-inflammatory component of NASH appears to be modulated by interactions among various factors (for example cytokines, hormones, neurotransmitters) that regulate the biological activity of TNF- and other proinflammatory (Th-1) cytokines. Hepatic necroinflammation is necessary, but not sufficient, for progression to cirrhosis. Factors such as leptin inducible factors (for example, noradrenaline), that regulate the activity of profibrogenic cytokines, such as IL-10 and TGF-beta, dictate the extent of fibrosis that occurs during liver injury. A better understanding of how these and other soluble and cell associated factors regulate the phenotypes of different types of liver cells should help us to develop rationale treatments for NASH and other disorders in the metabolic syndrome.
Concise Review: Cancer/Testis Antigens, Stem Cells, and Cancer (2006)

In the multistep process of cancer development, the concept that cancer stem cells are derived from normal stem cells that have gradually accumulated various genetic and epigenetic defects is gaining strong evidence. A number of investigations have identified molecular markers that, under normal conditions, are responsible for stem cell homeostasis but are also expressed in tumor "stem cell-like" subpopulations. In this regard, it was recently reported that a group of tumor-specific antigens known as cancer/testis antigens (CTAs) are expressed in human MSCs. It has long been stated that in normal tissue these antigens are exclusively expressed in germ cell precursors; however, based on these results, we suggest that CTAs are expressed at earlier stages during embryogenesis. The tumor-restricted expression of CTAs has led to several immunotherapeutic trials targeting some of these proteins. The clinical implications that these trials may have on the normal stem cell pools, as well as the immunologic properties of these cells, is to date poorly studied and should be considered.
1,5-Diaryl-2,3-pyrrolidinediones. XII. Enamines and the Pseudo-pyrrolidinediones<sup>1,2</sup> (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT1,5-Diaryl-2,3-pyrrolidinediones. XII. Enamines and the Pseudo-pyrrolidinediones1,2Wyman R. Vaughan and Robert C. TrippCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 16, 4370–4376Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01501a064https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01501a064research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views170Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
AN OVERVIEW ON SYNTHETIC METHODS OF N-BUTYL ACETATE (2012)

Nowadays some synthetic methods of n-butyl acetate that use different catalysts such as inorganic salt (Ce(S2O8)2, FeNH4(SO4)2∙12H2O, LaSO4/SiO2, KHSO4 and SnCl4/C), HZSM-5, oxide (MoO3/SiO2), I2, heteropolyacid (H2(PW12O40)∙nH2O), quaternary ammonium salt ionic liquid and nanometer ZnO have been reviewed. The yields of n-butyl acetate are improved by adding the above catalysts. These are having the advantages of simple process, low investment capital.
Age-Associated Changes In VO2 and Power Output - A Cross-Sectional Study of Endurance Trained New Zealand Cyclists. (2007)

Age-associated changes in power and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) were studied in a cross section of endurance trained cyclists. Subjects (n = 56) performed incremental cycling exercise, during which capillary blood lactate [La(-)] was measured. Power output increased by 30 Watts during each 5 minutes stage, with initial power output based on individual ability. When [La(-)] was >4.5 mmol·L(-1), subjects were given a 10 min recovery at a power output approximately 50% below estimated power at [La(-)]4mmol. Subjects then performed an incremental test (1 minute stages) to VO2max. Decline in VO2max was 0.65 ml·kg(-1)·min(-1)·year(-1) (r = -0.72, p < 0.01) for males, and 0.39 ml·kg(-1)·min(-1)·year(-1) (r = -0.54, p < 0.05) for females. Power at VO2max decreased by 0.048 W kg(-1)·year(-1) (r = -0.72, p < 0.01) in males. Power at [La(-)]4mmol decreased by 0.044 W kg(-1)·year(-1) (r = -0.76, p < 0.01) in males, and by 0.019 W kg(-1)·year(-1) (r = -0.53, p < 0.05) in females. Heart rate at VO2max (HRmax) showed a weaker correlation with age in males (r = -0.36, p < 0.05). The age-associated changes in maximum aerobic power and sub-maximal power were gender- specific, thus suggesting different age-related effects on the systems which support exercise in males and females. Key pointsVO2max decreased with age by 0.65 ml·kg(-1)·min(-1)·year(-1) in male, and by 0.39 ml·kg(-1)·min(-1)·year(-1) in female endurance trained cyclists.Power at VO2max decreased with age by 0.048 Watts·kg(-1)·year(-1) in male endurance trained cyclists.Sub-maximal power at a blood lactate concentration of 4mmol·L(-1) decreased by 0.044 Watts·kg(-1)·year(-1) in male, and by 0.019 Watts·kg(-1)·year(-1) in female endurance trained cyclists.
Angelman syndrome: a journey through the brain (2020)

Angelman syndrome (AS) is an incurable neurodevelopmental disease caused by loss of function of the maternally inherited UBE3A gene. AS is characterized by a defined set of symptoms, namely severe developmental delay, speech impairment, uncontrolled laughter, and ataxia. Current understanding of the pathophysiology of AS relies mostly on studies using the murine model of the disease, although alternative models based on patient-derived stem cells are now emerging. Here, we summarize the literature of the last decade concerning the three major brain areas that have been the subject of study in the context of AS: hippocampus, cortex, and the cerebellum. Our comprehensive analysis highlights the major phenotypes ascribed to the different brain areas. Moreover, we also discuss the major drawbacks of current models and point out future directions for research in the context of AS, which will hopefully lead us to an effective treatment of this condition in humans.
Role of Cytokine Therapy in 2006 and Beyond for Metastatic Renal Cell Cancer (2006)

Metastatic renal cell cancer (mRCC) has a long history as a disease with poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Immunotherapy has been the mainstay of treatment since the 1980s, and there have been a number of largely phase II studies examining various schedules of interferon-alpha and interleukin-2 based treatments. With the development of molecular targeted drugs the armentarium against mRCC has significantly expanded and cytokine treatments should be only directed at those most likely to benefit with durable remissions and prolonged survival.
REVIEWS (1981)

Journal Article REVIEWS Get access Chaucer and Ovid. By JOHN M. FYLER. Pp. x+206. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1979. £10.45 net. PHILLIPA HARDMAN PHILLIPA HARDMAN Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Review of English Studies, Volume XXXII, Issue 126, May 1981, Pages 204–205, https://doi.org/10.1093/res/XXXII.126.204 Published: 01 May 1981
Density of states in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">La</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">CuO</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">y</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (1991)

We describe the excess holes in the ${\mathrm{CuO}}_{2}$ sheets of ${\mathrm{La}}_{2}$${\mathrm{CuO}}_{4+\mathit{y}}$ as a two-dimensional hole gas in a quantum well in the presence of negatively charged impurities. We calculate the density of states with a multiple-scattering approach. We discuss the broadening of the impurity band with increasing y, which corresponds to an increasing hole concentration. The spectral density, which describes for vanishing hole concentration the Fourier transform of the squared wave function, is evaluated. We compare our results with recent measurements of ${\mathrm{La}}_{2}$${\mathrm{CuO}}_{4+\mathit{y}}$ with y0.007.
Reclassification of North American leptospiral isolates belonging to serogroups Mini and Sejroe by restriction endonuclease analysis (1986)

The genomes of North American strains of leptospires belonging to serogroups Mini and Sejroe were analyzed and compared with those of reference strains by cleavage with restriction endonucleases. The isolates selected for this study, when typed by the serologic method, were identified as serovars szwajizak, hardjo, and balcanica. However, the results of restriction endonuclease analysis (REA) indicated that a different classification existed. The 2 isolates typed as serovar szwajizak seem to be georgia by REA. Isolates belonging to serovars balcanica and hardjo had REA patterns that differed from both reference strains. Differences were not observed in the REA patterns between balcanica and hardjo isolates. All hardjo and balcanica isolates examined are suggested to be classified into a previously described hardjo, REA subtype hardjobovis. Using the enzyme Hha1, these isolates were subdivided into 3 subgroups. When examining the REA pattern of the 17 reference strains in serogroup Sejroe, 3 identical pairs were observed: wolffi and roumanica; sejroe and polonica; and istrica and nyanza. The REA again indicated that it will be a valuable method for the classification of leptospires.
Association of e antigen with Dane particle DNA in sera from asymptomatic carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen. (1977)

Sera containing hepatitis B surface antigen from 30 asymptomatic blood donors were assayed for e antigen (HBeAg) and antibody to e antigen (anti-HBe) by rheophoresis,. Fourteen samples (47%) had detectable HBeAg, ten (33%) had anti-HBe, and six (20%) had neither. DNA was extracted from 26 of these sera and assayed for its ability to anneal to a [32P]-DNA probe that is a copy of Dane particle DNA. All 10 HBeAg-positive samples tested contained DNA that formed specific hybrids with the DNA probe, as did one of 10 anti HBe-positive samples. Hybridization was not detected in nine sera containing anti-HBe and six sera without HBeAg or anti-HBe. Because the Dane particle is thought to be the hepatitis B virus, this association between HBeAg positivity and Dane particle DNA strongly supports the hypothesis that e antigen is a marker of the presence of the virus and, consequently, potential infectivity.
A view on the methodology of analysis and exploration of marketing data (2017)

The paper proposes a methodology for the development of a marketing decision support system using Big Data technology and data mining techniques. The approach was inspired by the CRISP-DM methodology, which is not oriented towards Big Data projects. Therefore, we have modified this methodology with respect to the purpose and technological requirements of the project. The proposed methodology was tested during development of RTOM (Real Time Omnichannel Marketing) project. Project tasks focus on the analysis and exploration of large and heterogeneous data sets. The paper presents the phases of the project implementation according to the extended CRISP-DM methodology, taking into account the specifics of the analysis and exploration processes of large realtime marketing databases. Examples of project steps are also provided to illustrate the approach.
The World According to Bing (2010)

Bing Maps combines route information with aerial and street-level photography to provide a seamless, interactive canvas for visualizing location information.
Statistics at Chicago (1951)

5. A cycle-sometimes related to time but caused by a factor that changes with time such as humidity. As indicate,d in the descrliptive termiis following each of these types of trotuble, the engineer usually knows what to suspect as a possible assignable cause once he knows what type of trouble is present. Statistical meastures exist for each of these types of trouble. In fact, there are at least three or four simple measures for each. The engineer shotuld be familiar with each. However, in any pailticulair case, there is apt to be disagreement between the mieasures. The engineer should know whein to expect agreement and when disagreement so that he may evaltuate the usefulness of the tests in helping him to catch his troubles. In presentinig statistical tests of this kind to) engineers, it mtust be kept in mind that the only efficiency that is miieaningftul to hiim is that associated with catching trotuble. His is the problem of detecting lack of control and( tests that are efficient uinder the assumption of control often do not satisfy his clesired requir'emnent of efficiency for detecting trouble when troutble is present.
N dimensional Mojette transform. Application to multiple description (2003)

The Mojette transform allows to exactly represent a discrete signal from a finite set of hyper-planes. This generic transform (many projection directions, choice of the number of projections, spline order) always ensures a very low complexity comparable to the FFT. In this paper, the Mojette transform in dimension n is presented and results issued from 2D and 3D cases are generalized. The central slice theorem, used with the Radon transform, is also derived in dimension n. Two schemes of applicatives examples enlight the interest for this generalization in the domain of multiple description.