gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Studies on the origin of the precursor cells in multiple myeloma, Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia and benign monoclonal gammopathy. I. Cytoplasmic isotype and idiotype distribution in peripheral blood and bone marrow. (1981)

Lymphocytes and plasma cells in the peripheral blood and bone marrow of patients with multiple myeloma, benign monoclonal gammopathy and Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia were investigated for their cytoplasmic immunoglobulin distribution. Anti-idiotypic sera were used as markers for monoclonality. Double-wavelength fluorescence microscopy made it possible simultaneously to use anti-isotype and anti-idiotype sera with different fluorochromes. It was concluded that, in the bone marrow, the monoclonal event starts at the level of a lymphoid cell which has already been committed to its final isotype. The size of the monoclonal expansion in the bone marrow and the cell types involved in the proliferation may determine whether spread occurs. Polyclonal lymphoid cells containing cytoplasmic immunoglobulins were decreased in the peripheral blood and exhibited a reversed kappa/lambda ratio when compared to the immunoglobulin-containing cells in the bone marrow. This finding suggests a light chain-type related depression of polyclonal B cell precursors.
<i>Pneumocystis</i>Pneumonia Increases the Susceptibility of Mice to Sublethal Hyperoxia (2003)

Patients with Pneumocystis pneumonia often develop respiratory failure after entry into medical care, and one mechanism for this deterioration may be increased alveolar epithelial cell injury. In vitro, we previously demonstrated that Pneumocystis is not cytotoxic for alveolar epithelial cells. In vivo, however, infection with Pneumocystis could increase susceptibility to injury by stressors that, alone, would be sublethal. We examined transient exposure to hyperoxia as a prototypical stress that does cause mortality in normal mice. Mice were depleted of CD4+ T cells and inoculated intratracheally with Pneumocystis. Control mice were depleted of CD4+ T cells but did not receive Pneumocystis. After 4 weeks, mice were maintained in normoxia, were exposed to hyperoxia for 4 days, or were exposed to hyperoxia for 4 days followed by return to normoxia. CD4-depleted mice with Pneumocystis pneumonia demonstrated significant mortality after transient exposure to hyperoxia, while all uninfected control mice survived this stress. We determined that organism burdens were not different. However, infected mice exposed to hyperoxia and then returned to normoxia demonstrated significant increases in inflammatory cell accumulation and lung cell apoptosis. We conclude that Pneumocystis pneumonia leads to increased mortality following a normally sublethal hyperoxic insult, accompanied by alveolar epithelial cell injury and increased pulmonary inflammation.
Lignin-degrading enzymes (1987)

Abstract The substantial potential applications of lignin-degrading microbes and enzymes have spurred research on lignin biodegradation in recent years. As described here, that research has led to the discovery in the basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium of the first lignin-degrading enzymes and elucidation of their mode of action. A family of powerful extracellular peroxidase isoenzymes has been the focus of most investigations. The key catalytic reaction of these glycoproteins, in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, is one-electron oxidation of aromatic nuclei, generating unstable aryl cation radicals. These decompose via a number of reactions, which have been elucidated with dimeric model compounds for lignin. The involvement of carboncentred and peroxyl free-radical intermediates has been established. The peroxyl intermediates result from the addition of molecular oxygen to the C-centred radicals. Strong evidence for a classical peroxidase-type catalytic cycle of the ligninases has been obtained. The major research need is to identify the full complement of enzymes needed to degrade lignin to small fragments; this degradation is not accomplished by the isolated ligninases or by the crude extracellular mixture of enzymes secreted by cultures as they degrade lignin.
Analysis on Conversion Process from Paper Record ECG to Computer based ECG (2017)

The capacity of electrocardiograms (ECG) recorded in hospital is increasing. Although modern electrocardiographs have digital output, most of ECG's are still recorded on grid papers. Recently, exchanging patients' clinical information between healthcare facilities has become very important. It will be very helpful if paper type of ECG could be converted to digital form. In this study, a morphological method is developed to digitize ECG signal from the paper charts. The results show that the method can erase the background noise and provide the digital ECG signal from ECG paper charts correctly. ECG signal digitization is practically used in ECG data exchanging between healthcare providers. Experimental results on sample ECG paper records are very encouraging and show the promise of efficiency in ECG data storage and retrieval and easy manipulation for clinical uses.
Trifluoroisopropenylzinc reagent as a useful .alpha.-(trifluoromethyl)ethenyl carbanion synthetic equivalent. Preparation and palladium-catalyzed coupling with aryl halides (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTrifluoroisopropenylzinc reagent as a useful .alpha.-(trifluoromethyl)ethenyl carbanion synthetic equivalent. Preparation and palladium-catalyzed coupling with aryl halidesBiao Jiang and Yuanyao XuCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 26, 7336–7340Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00026a028https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00026a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views825Altmetric-Citations90LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
SIMD parallel discrete-event dynamic system simulation (1997)

We present experimental results for a mind-set to discrete-event dynamic system simulation. Rather than attempting to distribute the execution of each design experiment over a parallel single instruction multiple data (SIMD) machine's multiple processors, we simultaneously simulate a different experiment on each processor. We consider two experimental examples representing possible data communication, manufacturing or traffic networks. Each example's simulation results demonstrate the efficient combined implementation of the standard clock and ordinal optimization techniques versus parallel "brute force" simulation.
Nonhomogeneous material milling using a robot manipulator with force controlled velocity (2002)

This paper deals with problems that arise when robot manipulators are used in milling workpieces with nonhomogeneous material. Damages to the cutting tool and workpiece would occur if the cutting speed is set incorrectly with respect to the characteristics of the tool and the hardness of the workpiece material. This concern is heightened when milling materials which are nonhomogenous where the tool drag can vary unpredictably. It is proposed in this paper that we solve the problem by employing a force controlled velocity (FCV) strategy to automatically adjust the cutting speed in response to the force exerted at the tool tip along the cutting path. The idea of FCV is accomplished by using a nonlinear function of both force and elapsed time in place of elapsed time when evaluating the robot trajectory equation. The effectiveness of this approach is confirmed by simulation and experimentation.
Deexcitation processes in adsorbates (1994)

It is shown theoretically that there is competition between core-hole decay and delocalization of a resonantly excited electron from the adsorbate to the substrate metal with simultaneous substrate-to-ligand charge-transfer core-hole screening [relaxation from the resonantly core excited neutral state to the x-ray-photoemission-spectroscopy (XPS) core ionized state] or between the core-hole decay and the charge-transfer core-hole screening from the substrate metal to the adsorbate (relaxation from the XPS core ionized state to the resonantly core excited neutral state). In the former case a spectral feature due to the Auger decay from the ionic core-hole state appears in the autoionization spectrum, while in the latter case a spectral feature arising from the spectator and participant decay from the neutral screened core-hole state appears in the Auger spectrum measured high above the core ionization limit. The relaxation time can be determined from the relative Auger and autoionization spectral intensity. Applications of the Auger-photoelectron coincidence spectroscopy and x-ray-emission spectroscopy to adsorbates are also discussed.
Biodegradation of some natural polymers in blends with polyolefines (1999)

The biodegradation of two-component blends containing synthetic and natural polymers was studied. Polyethylene, polypropylene and modified polyester were used as synthetic components. Three materials of natural origin, i.e. powdered cellulose, sodium alginate and chitosan in lyophilized form, were used as fillers. The samples were prepared in the form of films of different thicknesses and contained various amounts of natural components. In general the content of synthetic components ranged from 50 to 75 wt%, natural polymers 5–21 wt% and other additives 11–38 wt%. The biodegradation tests were carried out in soil and water. The effect of microorganisms’ action on the samples was estimated by the loss of mass, water sorption capacity and electron microscope studies. In some experiments the mass loss exceeds the sum of masses of all introduced natural components. It means that some part of synthetic polymer is also damaged during biodegradation. Generally the results obtained lead to the conclusion that biodegradability of two-component polymer films depends considerably on the dimensions of the natural component particles and their distribution in the film. Films containing large and weakly dispersed particles prove to be more sensitive to biodegradation. Accessibility of natural component particles for the bath containing microorganisms plays an important role in the biodegradation course. Films filled with cellulose are better degradable in soil while the films containing sodium alginate biodegrade in aqueous medium more easily. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pervasive and Mobile Computing (2012)

a b s t r a c t A growing number of location-based applications are based on indoor positioning, and much of the research effort in this field has focused on the pattern-matching approach. This approach relies on comparing a pre-trained database (or radio map) with the received signal strength (RSS) of a mobile device. However, such methods are highly sensitive to environmental dynamics. A number of solutions based on added anchor points have been proposed to overcome this problem. This paper proposes an approach using existing
Network packet payload parity based steganography (2013)

Network steganography is an emerging research field, which exploits packet protocol headers, protocol mechanism, packet payload, etc. to establish secret communication between two parties over a computer network. The detection of such hidden communication has not been part of intrusion detection systems that are primarily used to detect malicious activities such as viruses and malwares. In this paper, we propose two packet-length based steganographic techniques to implement a covert channel. We examine and analyze the packet lengths of normal traffic to show that our techniques can cope with traffic anomaly detection methods and does not introduce noticeable traffic overhead.
Parent-nurse collaboration: using the caregiver identity emergence phases to assist parents of hospitalized children with disabilities. (1993)

Twenty-three parents of hospitalized or recently hospitalized children aged 2 to 13 years and with cognitive impairments and a variety of disabling conditions were recruited to participate in a qualitative study exploring parental caregiving experiences. A substantive theory, caregiving identity emergence, was generated from the data. An inadvertent, developmental identity emergence process and trajectory were described by the parents. The theory generated in this study proposes that parental caregiving characteristics are acquired systematically as parents incorporate new knowledge and alter their behaviors to manage caregiving responsibilities. The focus of this article is on how the characteristics of the parent caregiver described in the findings of the study provide basic background information about parental caregiving from which pediatric nurses can formulate facilitative interventions to create caregiving partnerships.
[The value of hydrostatic balloon dilatation with adjuvant pentosan polysulfate medication in therapy of chronic interstitial cystitis]. (1989)

Twenty-one female patients suffering from interstitial cystitis were treated by oral medication of pentosane-polysulfates (200 mg/6 months). In cases with a capacity below 150 ml (n = 6) a distension therapy of bladder was performed simultaneously. The combined therapy showed good therapeutic effects for 1-2 years defined by the increase of voiding volumina and decrease of nycturia and pains. Medication of pentosane-polysulfates alone was of lower therapeutic value. Concerning urodynamic investigations we found an increase of capacity while the quality of bladder compliance did not change. We recommend these conservative therapies as an experimental alternative therapy before bladder augmentation.
Title IX versus Candian Human Rights Legislation: How the United States Should Learn from Canada's Human Rights Act in the Context of Sexual Harassment in Schools (2006)

This Article critically examines the success of Title IX in eradicating sexual harassment in educational settings after the Supreme Court decisions in Gebser v. Lago and Monroe v. Davis. Regrettably, the high bar for recovery established by these cases, in addition to poor administrative enforcement of Title IX have eroded its ability to maintain discrimination-free schools. After an examination of the manner in which the Canadian human rights model operates in the context of sexual harassment in educational settings, recommendations are made that the United States should use the Canadian example to improve its own system. Specifically, the United States should streamline and simplify its administrative enforcement of Title IX and articulate clearer legal standards for injunctive relief as opposed to recovery of compensatory damages.
Determination of synchronous machine parameters using network synthesis techniques (1999)

This paper deals with the problem of the determination of synchronous machine parameters starting from two-port information. Network synthesis techniques are used to show that no unique solution can be found for models containing more than one damper winding. Only a limited number of parameters can be determined in a unique way from two-port information.
PREPARATION OF (Ni/W)-γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>MICROSPHERES AND THEIR APPLICATION IN ADSORPTION DESULFURIZATION FOR MODEL GASOLINE (2007)

A kind of desulfurization adsorbent, (Ni/W)-γ-Al2O3 microsphere, was prepared by a new method of in situ chemical reduction. The adsorbent consists of active components (transition metals Ni and W) and a carrier (γ-Al2O3). Ni and W in γ-Al2O3 microspheres are fine in size and can be distributed homogeneously on the surface and inside of the γ-Al2O3 carrier. The desulfurization of the adsorbent made by the in situ chemical reduction method was carried out in model gasoline. Its desulfurization capacity increases 23% in comparison with that made by the conventional impregnation method. The composition and configuration of adsorbents were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The in situ chemical reduction method offers a new and promising method for preparation of desulfurization adsorbents containing active components.
Laser linking of metal interconnects: analysis and design considerations (1996)

Lateral connections between adjacent lines of metallization have been developed in order to achieve high density linking for customization in programmable gate arrays and for additive redundancy in restructurable integrated circuits. Links were formed by focusing a pulsed laser between two same-level aluminum lines. The mechanism of link formation appears to be the nucleation of a fissure, induced by the thermal expansion mismatch between the metallization and the surrounding dielectric (SiO/sub 2/) and passivation layer (Si/sub 3/N/sub 4/); molten aluminum fills the crack. Numerical simulation by the finite element method was carried out using a plane strain model. The probable path for the link-forming fissure, as predicted by the model on the premise that the local maximum tensile stress determines cracking, is shown to be consistent with experimental observations. Parametric analyses were performed to gain insights into the linking processes. It is found that damage in the passivation can be avoided by increasing the thickness of the dielectric between the aluminum and the passivation. Reducing the spacing between the metal lines increases the chance of successfully forming the link. Under certain conditions, the linking propensity can also be increased by reducing the metal width. In addition, the link is much easier to form when symmetric laser heating between the two metal lines can be achieved. These findings can be directly applied to improving the design of the laser linking processes and devices.
Upgrading wastewater treatment plants (1998)

Introduction: - Plant Upgrading and Its Relevance - Plant Capacity: A Definition - Growth Scenarios - Upgrading Approach Plant Analysis Technologies: - Desktop Analysis - Plant Analysis Technologies - Oxygen Transfer Analysis - Comparison - On-Line Monitoring - Reactor Tracer Testing - Integrated Approaches Plant Upgrading through Improved Operation and Maintenance: - Typical Plant Organization - Development of Staffing Plans - Elements of a Typical Training Program - Computerized Operation and Maintenance Programs Plant Upgrading through Instrumentation and Control: - Introduction - Control System - Terminology - Levels of Control - Selecting the Proper Approach Plant Upgrading through New Liquid Processing Technologies: - Introduction - Biological Systems: Suspended Growth - Biological Systems: Fixed Growth - Clarifier Improvements - Chemical Treatment - Tertiary Technologies Plant Upgrading through New Solids Processing Technologies: - Introduction - Predicting Sludge Quantities - Sludge Thickening - Sludge Dewatering - Sludge Stabilization Case Histories: North WWTP, Memphis, Tennessee - Rock Creek AWTP, Oregon - San Jose/Santa Clara, California, WPCP - Kitchener WPCP, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada - Benicia WWTP, Benicia, California - Rochester WRP, Rochester, Minnesota
[The percutaneous x-ray endoscopic surgery of simple kidney cysts]. (1994)

An endoscopical method of treating solitary renal cysts (RC) > 5 cm in diameter has been used in the Research Institute of Urology since 1989. The method implies percutaneous puncture of the cyst controlled by x-ray television or ultrasound, dilatation of the cystostomy fistula, cystoscopy followed by resection or dissection of the cyst wall with a cold knife or electrosurgically. A total of 38 patients with large solitary cysts have been treated. A 6-12-month follow-up revealed no recurrences. Complications of the surgery were not reported. The method is easy to accomplish, effective and well tolerated.
Factors affecting the price of raw milk in Turkey using panel data analysis (2021)

ABSTRACT: The high costs of feed among the total costs of raw milk production and an unfavorable milk-feed ratio directly affect the profitability of milk producers. To understand how the market in Turkey can be equilibrated, an exploration of the factors affecting milk prices is essential. This study determined the effects of the basic and the economic indicators on the price of raw milk between 2010 and 2019, by analyzing the monthly panel data. Since time series data are used, Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillips-Perron (PP) tests are conducted to find out whether the series is stationary. In order to see the individual effects, the parameters are estimated using the fixed and random-effects models. The Hausman test is conducted to decide which of the two models is valid. The basic indicators for milk price, namely, prices of barley, soybean meal, wheat and distillers dried grains with soluble (DDGS), and the economic indicators, namely, dollar exchange rate and agricultural producer price index (PPI) had significant (P < 0.05; P < 0.01) effects on the milk price. In conclusion, it is reported that the raw milk prices in Turkey are considerably affected by the prices of feed ingredients as well as the general economic conditions.
A nonpenetrating fetal scalp electrode (1993)

The design of scalp electrode tested is effective and produces high quality tracings in most cases.
Efficacy of Intravenous Tissue Plasminogen Activator in Frostbite Patients and Presentation of a Treatment Protocol for Frostbite Patients (2011)

Therapeutic, Level IV.
Somatic Embryos and Plantlets from an Ancient Clone of the Grapevine (cv. Cabernet-Sauvignon) by Apomixis<i>in vitro</i> (1976)

Journal Article Somatic Embryos and Plantlets from an Ancient Clone of the Grapevine (cv. Cabernet-Sauvignon) by Apomixis in vitro Get access M. G. MULLINS, M. G. MULLINS Department of Agronomy and Horticultural Science, University of SydneyN.S.W. 2006, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar C. SRINIVASAN C. SRINIVASAN Department of Agronomy and Horticultural Science, University of SydneyN.S.W. 2006, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Experimental Botany, Volume 27, Issue 5, October 1976, Pages 1022–1030, https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/27.5.1022 Published: 01 October 1976 Article history Received: 28 February 1976 Published: 01 October 1976
Chemical and Biological Activity of Triterpene Saponins from <i>Medicago</i> Species (2006)

Naturally occurring saponins are a large group of triterpene and steroid glycosides characterized by several biological and pharmacological properties. The Medicago genus represents a valuable source of saponins which have been extensively investigated. This review summarizes the chemical features of saponins from Medicago species and their biological activity, with particular attention to their antimicrobial, insecticidal, allelopathic and cytotoxic effects. Influence of saponins on animal metabolism is also reported.