gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On the security of an enhanced authentication key exchange protocol (2004)

In 2003, Hwang et al. proposed an enhanced authentication key exchange protocol. Their protocol can generate multiple shared keys for two entities at a time and takes less computation time than Harn and Lin's protocol. However, we will show that Hwang et al.'s protocol cannot withstand the forgery signature attack. At the same time, we will repair the security flaw in their scheme.
Processing of the mother-cell sigma factor, sigma K, may depend on events occurring in the forespore during Bacillus subtilis development. (1990)

During sporulation of the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis, transcription of genes encoding spore coat proteins in the mother-cell compartment of the sporangium is controlled by RNA polymerase containing the sigma subunit called sigma K. Based on comparison of the N-terminal amino acid sequence of sigma K with the nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding sigma K (sigK), the primary product of sigK was inferred to be a pro-protein (pro-sigma K) with 20 extra amino acids at the N terminus. Using antibodies generated against pro-sigma K, we have detected pro-sigma K beginning at the third hour of sporulation and sigma K beginning about 1 hr later. Even when pro-sigma K is expressed artificially during growth and throughout sporulation, sigma K appears at the normal time and expression of a sigma K-controlled gene occurs normally. These results suggest that pro-sigma K is an inactive precursor that is proteolytically processed to active sigma K in a developmentally regulated fashion. Mutations that block forespore gene expression block accumulation of sigma K but not accumulation of pro-sigma K, suggesting that pro-sigma K processing is a regulatory device that couples the programs of gene expression in the two compartments of the sporangium. We propose that this regulatory device ensures completion of forespore morphogenesis prior to the synthesis in the mother-cell of spore coat proteins that will encase the forespore.
Lapping:polishing and shear mode grinding. (1990)

[in Japanese]
Production of gallium-68 in a liquid cyclotron target: Physics and viability (2013)

Dissertacao de Mestrado em Fisica apresentada a Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra
Older populations, aging individuals and health for all. (1989)

Family planning and reduced infant mortality have led to an explosion in the number of elderly people. There are already 300 million people aged 65 and over and by the year 2000 there will be over 400 million, two-thirds or more of them in the developing countries. Great gaps still exist in our knowledge of health and disease in the elderly, of how best to prevent or treat illness among them, and of how to care for those who become dependent. Although the precise impact of aging on societies awaits clarification, governments will undoubtedly have to develop social and health policies so as to adapt equitably to the forces of change.
Estudio etnofarmacológico de plantas usadas empíricamente por posibles efectos inmunoestimulantes (2013)

En 32 veredas del área rural del municipio de Villamaría yen los herbolarios del área urbana de los municipios deChinchiná y Manizales, departamento de Caldas, se realizóuna encuesta con el fin de indagar sobre el uso de plantasmedicinales como inmunoestimulantes o antiinfecciosas. Seencontró un uso muy difundido de diversas especies vegetalesen el tratamiento de enfermedades infecciosas. La mayoríade estas especies se encuentran referenciadas por suuso tradicional y empírico, una buena parte están aceptadasen el Listado de Recursos Naturales Empíricos que oficialmenteaceptó Minsalud-INVIMA, para sucomercialización en el país. A seis especies de uso muy frecuenteno se les encontró información científica de sus propiedadesmedicinales y serán objeto de una investigaciónexperimental posterior; es de anotar que unas pocas tienencontraindicaciones y toxicidad grave, pero esto es desconocidopor quienes las recomiendan, las venden o las usan.Las plantas y los conocimientos de sus indicaciones terapéuticaslos obtienen los herbolarios de los propios campesinosde la región. Se reitera la importancia de continuar realizandoestos estudios etnofarmacológicos con el fin de conservarescrita esta valiosa tradición, elemento fundamentalen la Atención Primaria en Salud y antes de que se pierdairremediablemente a causa de la deforestación, de la muertede las personas ancianas quienes son los depositarios de estosconocimientos y de la aculturización creciente de nuestrapoblación.
3D Reconstruction of Incomplete Archaeological Objects Using a Generative Adversarial Network (2018)

We introduce a data-driven approach to aid the repairing and conservation of archaeological objects: ORGAN, an object reconstruction generative adversarial network (GAN). By using an encoder-decoder 3D deep neural network on a GAN architecture, and combining two loss objectives: a completion loss and an Improved Wasserstein GAN loss, we can train a network to effectively predict the missing geometry of damaged objects. As archaeological objects can greatly differ between them, the network is conditioned on a variable, which can be a culture, a region or any metadata of the object. In our results, we show that our method can recover most of the information from damaged objects, even in cases where more than half of the voxels are missing, without producing many errors.
Outbreak of Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus Infection in Hong Kong in 1997 (2002)

The first outbreak of avian influenza A(H5N1) virus in humans occurred in Hong Kong in 1997. Infection was confirmed in 18 individuals, 6 of whom died. Infections were acquired by humans directly from chickens, without the involvement of an intermediate host. The outbreak was halted by a territory-wide slaughter of more than 1.5 million chickens at the end of December 1997. The clinical spectrum of H5N1 infection ranges from asymptomatic infection to fatal pneumonitis and multiple organ failure. Reactive hemophagocytic syndrome was the most characteristic pathologic finding and might have contributed to the lymphopenia, liver dysfunction, and abnormal clotting profiles that were observed among patients with severe infection. Rapid diagnosis with the use of reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and monoclonal antibody-based immunofluorescent assay were of great clinical value in the management of the outbreak. The experience of the H5N1 outbreak in Hong Kong underscores the importance of continuous surveillance of influenza virus strains in humans and in other animal species.
Immunoglobulin Fc Domain Fusion to TRAIL Significantly Prolongs Its Plasma Half-Life and Enhances Its Antitumor Activity (2014)

TRAIL (Apo2L) is a potent inducer of cell death. Interest in TRAIL has increased, following the observation that TRAIL can selectively kill a wide variety of human cancer cells without killing normal cells both in vitro and when grown as xenografts. Therefore, TRAIL has been proposed as a promising anticancer agent and currently is being tested in clinical trials. However, recombinant TRAIL has a very short plasma half-life, which limits its therapeutic potential. To overcome this limitation, we investigated the ability of the human IgG1 fragment crystallizable region (Fc) to enhance TRAIL stability. In this report, we show that Fc-TRAIL chimeric protein displays higher specific activity in vitro and a significantly longer half-life in mice than recombinant human TRAIL (rh-TRAIL). No short-term toxicity, especially liver toxicity, was observed. More importantly, Fc-TRAIL was much more effective in inhibiting tumor growth in a xenograft tumor model compared with rh-TRAIL. Our data suggest that fusion of Fc to TRAIL is able to improve the bioavailability and activity of TRAIL both in vitro and in vivo, and Fc-TRAIL may be explored for future clinical applications in cancer treatment and prevention.
ESCRT ubiquitin-binding domains function cooperatively during MVB cargo sorting (2009)

Ubiquitin (Ub) sorting receptors facilitate the targeting of ubiquitinated membrane proteins into multivesicular bodies (MVBs). Ub-binding domains (UBDs) have been described in several endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT). Using available structural information, we have investigated the role of the multiple UBDs within ESCRTs during MVB cargo selection. We found a novel UBD within ESCRT-I and show that it contributes to MVB sorting in concert with the known UBDs within the ESCRT complexes. These experiments reveal an unexpected level of coordination among the ESCRT UBDs, suggesting that they collectively recognize a diverse set of cargo rather than act sequentially at discrete steps.
A dynamic token passing MAC protocol for mobile ad hoc networks (2006)

In mobile ad hoc networks(MANET), the limited wireless spectrum, distributed multiple access control, low complexity, and high mobility together impose significant challenges for MAC protocol design to provide reliable wireless communications with high data rates. In contention based MAC protocols, such as 802.11 MAC, each multi-hop data flow encounters contentions not only from the transmissions of itself, but also from other flows that bypassing the neighborhood. This paper presents a Dynamic Token Ring based MAC protocol(DRP) for mobile ad hoc networks, which aims to solve the intra-flow and inter-flow contention problems in MAC layer. It is called dynamic, since the token ring in a cluster can be a low-priority ring or a high priority ring. The node can join high priority ring dynamically according to transmission status. Our simulation results show that DRP protocol has superior performance in improving data delivery efficiency and avoiding collisions. It is a good solution for inter-flow/intra-flow contention problems as well as hidden/exposed terminal problems.
PRESYNAPTIC ACTIONS OF β‐AMINOBUTYRIC ACID AND SOME ANTAGONISTS IN A SLICE PREPARATION OF CUNEATE NUCLEUS (1978)

1 A slice preparation of the rat cuneate nucleus is described which is suitable for electrophysiological studies on the presynaptic action of drugs. 2. Superfusion of a slice with gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) depolarized the afferent nerves in a concentration-related manner. The responses were Cl-dependent. Depolarizations to high concentrations of GABA often faded. Glycine and L-glutamate had little effect. 3 (+)-Bicuculline antagonized GABA in an apparently competitive manner (pA2 = 5.35) at low response levels. Strychnine was 10 times less potent. Responses to high concentrations of GABA were sometimes potentiated by (+)-bicuculline and strychnine. 4 Bemegride and leptazol both antagonized GABA, but with low potency and in a manner which was clearly not competitive.
Light-induced self-assembly of bi-color CdTe quantum dots allows the discrimination of multiple proteins (2017)

We have found that the addition of proteins can greatly influence the light-induced self-assembly (LISA) behavior of bi-color thioglycolic acid (TGA)-capped CdTe Quantum Dots (QDs) and thus cause significant changes of their fluorescence (FL) signals (color and intensity), according to which a dual-channel FL sensor can be established for simultaneous discrimination of multiple proteins. The sensor is successfully used for the identification of ten native proteins and ten thermally denatured proteins and eight native proteins artificially added in human urine, respectively, during which process principal component analysis (PCA) is utilized to differentiate the targets based on their corresponding FL change patterns. This assay has provided a visual and simple method for the discrimination of various analytes, which may have great potential in the study of conformational changes of biomacromolecules and the analysis of real biological fluids.
Regulation of Bacteriodes fragilis katB mRNA by oxidative stress and carbon limitation (1997)

Regulation of the katB catalase gene in the anaerobic bacterium Bacteroides fragilis was studied. Northern blot hybridization analyses revealed that katB was transcribed as an approximately 1.6-kb monocistronic mRNA. The levels of katB mRNA increased > 15-fold when anaerobic, mid-logarithmic-phase cultures were exposed to O2, O2 with paraquat, or hydrogen peroxide. Under anaerobic conditions, the low levels of katB mRNA increased in a growth-dependent manner, reaching maximum expression at late logarithmic or early stationary phase, followed by a decrease in stationary phase. Under anaerobic conditions, the expression of katB mRNA was strongly repressed by glucose and to a lesser extent by xylose. However, glucose repression was completely abolished upon exposure to oxygen. The nonfermentable carbon sources fumarate, succinate, acetate, and pyruvate did not significantly affect expression. Phosphate, nitrogen, and hemin limitation did not affect the expression of katB mRNA, suggesting that the nutritional control of katB expression is restricted to carbon and energy sources and not other forms of nutrient limitation. Primer extension analysis revealed that during both oxidative stress and carbon or energy limitation, katB utilized the same promoter region but transcription initiation occurred at two different nucleotides separated by 3 or 4 bases. Interestingly, a 6-bp inverted repeat sequence present in the katB regulatory region was also observed upstream of the B. fragilis superoxide dismutase gene sod. It is possible that this is a recognition site for a DNA binding protein involved in the regulation of oxidative stress genes in this organism.
International Private Transfers and Optimal Tax Structure in Developing Economies (2016)

In this paper we examine the optimal tax structure for a developing economy with international inter-family transfers. Our analysis characterizes conditions to identify the main determinants of the design of both the commodity and income tax. We find that these determinants change depending on the signs and values of the direct and cross price elasticities. A benchmark result of the literature suggests that the aggregate level of consumption, the weighted tax burdens from consumption and the efficiency costs of commodity taxes are the main determinants of a commodity tax. Our analysis suggests additional determinants, such as the aggregate level of income, the socially weighted aggregate level of labor income and the weighted aggregate elasticity of the supply of labor and income. A similar conclusion is obtained for the determinants of the income tax. Our analysis also provides a rationale to limit the use of the commodity tax and to increase the size of the income tax on the tax structure of this economy.
Optimal <i>O</i>(1) Bilateral Filter with Arbitrary Spatial and Range Kernels Using Sparse Approximation (2014)

A number of acceleration schemes for speeding up the time‐consuming bilateral filter have been proposed in the literature. Among these techniques, the histogram‐based bilateral filter trades the flexibility for achieving O (1) computational complexity using box spatial kernel. A recent study shows that this technique can be leveraged for O (1) bilateral filter with arbitrary spatial and range kernels by linearly combining the results of multiple‐box bilateral filters. However, this method requires many box bilateral filters to obtain sufficient accuracy when approximating the bilateral filter with a large spatial kernel. In this paper, we propose approximating arbitrary spatial kernel using a fixed number of boxes. It turns out that the multiple‐box spatial kernel can be applied in many O (1) acceleration schemes in addition to the histogram‐based one. Experiments on the application to the histogram‐based acceleration are presented in this paper. Results show that the proposed method has better accuracy in approximating the bilateral filter with Gaussian spatial kernel, compared with the previous histogram‐based methods. Furthermore, the performance of the proposed histogram‐based bilateral filter is robust with respect to the parameters of the filter kernel.
The Function of the Tegumental Glands in the Statocyst of <i>Homarus vulgaris</i> (1935)

1. The general structure of the statocyst and the combined sensory setae in Honiarus vulgaris have been described. 2. The statoliths consist of sand grains attached to the setæ by a hyaline secretion. 3. Numerous tegumental glands occur in the sub-epithelial tissues. Though not situated beneath the setæ, their distribution varies in accordance with that of the setae. Their ducts have characteristic funnel-shaped endings, opening into the cavity of the statocyst. 4. The hyaline secretion agrees in all its reactions with the cuticle, never with the chitin. 5. The conclusion is reached that the hyaline secretion is formed by these tegumental glands and that this constitutes an important accessory function of these glands.
Evaluating Effectiveness of Software Testing Techniques with Emphasis on Enhancing Software Reliability (2012)

We have a great number of software testing techniques at our disposal for testing a software product. Although the utilization of these techniques is growing, we do have a very inadequate knowledge about their relative quantitative and qualitative statistics. The choice of a software testing technique in software testing influences both process and product quality. So it is imperative for us to find a testing technique which is effective as well as efficient. However it is not sufficient if testing techniques are only compared on fault detecting ability. They should also be evaluated to check which among them enhances reliability most. To establish a useful theory for testing, we need to evaluate existing and novel testing techniques not only for effectiveness and efficiency but also for their ability of enhancing software reliability.
Recombinant GST‐human osteopontin fusion protein is functional in RGD‐dependent cell adhesion (1994)

Osteopontin (OPN) is a secreted phosphoprotein expressed by many tumor cells, as well as a limited set of normal cells. Native OPN has been shown to support cell adhesion in an RGD-peptide-inhibitable fashion. Here we expressed human OPN in E. coli as a recombinant fusion protein with glutathione-S-transferase (GST). We report that the GST-OPN fusion protein has functional activity. PAP2 (ras-transformed, metastatic murine NIH 3T3) and MDA-MB-435 human mammary carcinoma cells bound to GST-OPN in an in vitro cell adhesion assay nearly as well as to native bovine OPN. Adhesion to the recombinant fusion protein was blocked by addition of GRGDS peptide, suggesting that the cells adhere to the recombinant and native OPN proteins by similar, integrin-mediated mechanisms. Adhesion to both sources of OPN also was inhibited by thrombin treatment of the protein. Thrombin cleaves GST from OPN in the fusion protein, and also cleaves internally in OPN, adjacent to the RGD sequence of the protein. Our results suggest that (a) thrombin cleavage of native OPN may be a natural regulator of OPN function, and (b) the majority of OPN cell binding activity is mediated by the RGD sequence in the protein backbone, with little or no requirement for post-translational modifications that occur in native OPN for adhesive function as measured here.
POST-WAR TRANSPORT IN GREAT BRITAIN. (1944)

Keywords TRANSPORT, POST WAR, SYSTEMS, CANALS, RAILWAYS, SHIPPING, COASTAL, ROADS, PASSENGERS, GOODS, TRAINS, TROLLEYS, BUSES, BOARDS, AIR, ADMINISTRATION, SERVICES, FINANCE, CAPITAL, REVENUE, EXPENDITURE, FUEL, COSTS, TRUSTS UK... Show All
Netflix recommendations for groups (2010)

Abstract In this era of overabundant information and content, people increasingly rely on recommender systems to identify those information items that best meet their needs and interests. Movie recommender systems, like the one used by Netflix, attempt to predict which films a given person will enjoy watching. While these systems help single individuals making decisions, they provide limited support for groups of people. This work explores how to create recommender systems for groups that can combine multiple user profiles and predict which movies a group of users will collectively enjoy the most. We built a prototype using Netflix REST API based on the results of a formative study of the watching habits of 60 actual Netflix users and examined their views of how a group recommendation system would fit in with their current habits. We conducted a preliminary evaluation with a focus group which validated our approach to group recommendations, revealing that this type of system could facilitate social interactions by sparking discussion about movies, directors, and actors among viewers. This prototype provides a valuable platform for further exploring group decision making in this context.
Familial biochemical and clinical correlates of alcoholics with low platelet monoamine oxidase activity. (1979)

This study substantiates previous reports that low platelet MAO activity is associated with alcoholism. The results also indicate that low platelet MAO activity in alcoholic probands is associated with a higher prevalence of psychiatric hospitalization in first-degree family members as well as alcoholism and suicide attempts among alcoholics. Psychiatrically ill family members of the alcoholic probands with low platelet MAO activity also demonstrate low enzyme activity whereas the well family members have normal enzyme activity.
IMU Data Processing to Recognize Activities of Daily Living with Smart Headset (2018)

This thesis proposes a novel approach for the detection and recognition of humanmovements. Specically, Activities of Daily Living (ADL) such as standing up,sitting down and walking are tracked. In order to monitor human motion, a headsetprototype with a single Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) with accelerometer, gyroscopeand magnetometer has been developed. Accurate estimation of orientationand velocity through computationally cheap IMU data processing allows a representativecharacterization of human behavior patterns in this case. Thanks to testsperformed among dierent subjects, results show that events are robustly detected89% of the cases and that activities are recognized with a success rate of 92%. Whatis more, adequate rejection of noisy movements has also been achieved 94% of thetime. Thus, an ecient and robust solution for human physical activity tracking ispresented.
Phosphorylation of nitrogen regulator I of Escherichia coli induces strong cooperative binding to DNA essential for activation of transcription. (1992)

We studied the effect of phosphorylation of nitrogen regulator I (NRI) on its binding properties. Both phosphorylated and unphosphorylated NRI bind linearly to a single binding site but cooperatively to two adjacent binding sites. Cooperative binding of NRI is severely affected by phosphorylation: half-maximal binding of NRI-phosphate is at 20-fold lower concentrations than that of unphosphorylated NRI. This is more due to a huge increase in the cooperativity constant--which is the strength of interaction between two NRI dimers--than to an increase in the microscopic binding constant which is the binding affinity to a single binding site. In vitro transcription and DNA footprinting experiments showed that occupation of a single binding site by NRI is not enough for efficient activation and that activation only occurs at a higher NRI concentration. We propose an activation mechanism for NRI in which the phosphorylation of NRI induces a conformational change in the N-terminal domains of the NRI-phosphate dimers, which now interact strongly with each other, leading to a tetramerization of NRI upon binding to two adjacent binding sites. We propose that not the phosphorylation of NRI itself but rather the tetramerization of NRI-phosphate on DNA binding induces the conformational change of the central domain to the active conformation.