gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
F. D. 루즈벨트 대통령의 개입정책과 전후구상 (2006)

F. D. 루즈벨트가 대통령으로 집권했던 1933년부터 1945년까지는 세계질서가 급변 하던 혼란의 시기였다. 1930년대 전 세계를 휩쓴 대공황과 세계 민주주의를 위협하는 추축국(Axis Powers)의 등장은 세계를 2차 세계대전으로 몰고 갔다. 이러한 상황에서 루즈벨트는 세계정세의 변화를 관망하며 미국의 전통적인 고립주의를 극복하기 위해 노력 했으며,...
Design and Implementation of ARM Intelligent Monitoring System Using Zigbee (2013)

In this paper the research method of Laboratory Intelligent monitoring System based on Zigbee is elaborated, and the hardware design and software design are discussed. Sensors controlling board collect the data to web server through Zigbee networks. These sensors automatically monitor the local environmental data and external material intrusion in the laboratory. Users can control the equipment in the lab through a web browser which is cross platform. The simulation results indicate that design of system is safe and convenient from local management of environmental data in laboratories.
Electrophysiological Properties of Embryonic Stem Cells During Differentiation Into Cardiomyocyte-Like Cell Types (2007)

The method described here to differentiate mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells into cardiomyocytes is adapted from Maltsev et al. and results in a high percentage of spontaneously beating cardiomyocyte-like cells. In order to determine to what extent the differentiating ES cells resemble true cardiomyocytes, the cells were electrophysiologically characterized during differentiation, using the whole-cell variant of the patch-clamp technique. Action potentials (APs) and membrane currents were recorded and analyzed off-line to determine electrophysiological changes during development.
EMBARGOS DE DECLARAÇÃO E SUAS ALTERAÇÕES NO PROJETO DO NOVO CÓDIGO DE PROCESSO CIVIL - MOTION FOR CLARIFICATION CHANGES IN BRAZILIAN NEW CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE (2013)

ABSTRACT: This article covers the legal instrument of appeals requesting clarification of judicial decisions on its main aspects, such as authentication, admissibility conjectures, judicial nature and effects, not only in the actual Brazilian Code of Civil Procedure but also in the new Code of Civil Procedure project, partially approved.
<title>Reconstruction of 3D ultrasound image from freehand scanned frames using frame-by-frame isotropic correlation function</title> (2001)

An efficient algorithm is presented for estimating interframe distances in a 2D frame sequence acquired by freehand scanning for the reconstruction of a 3D ultrasound image. Since interframe distances in a 2D frame sequence obtained with a hand-held ultrasound probe are not uniform, a 3D image directly reconstructed from such 2D data can substantially deviate from the real form of the human organs. Accordingly, to estimate the interframe distances in a 2D frame sequence, block-based lateral correlation functions are determined in each frame, plus it is also assumed that each block-based lateral correlation function is identical to the interframe correlation function of the block. Based on this assumption, the interframe distance between each image block and the corresponding block of the adjacent frame is then estimated. Finally, the interframe distance of each adjacent frame is estimated by averaging the estimated block-wise interframe distances. Experimental results showed that the proposed algorithm was effective in estimating the interframe distances of the test sequences and the 3D images reconstructed using the proposed method were nearly identical to the original ones.
Effects of a buffer layer on TM modes in a metal-clad optical waveguide using Ti-diffused LiNbO_3 C-plate (1977)

The effects of a buffer layer on the TM modes in a Ti-diffused LiNbO(3)C plate optical waveguide with metal cladding are described by examining the transverse load impedance. The loss reduction, the absorption peak, and the mode transformation of the TM modes in the metal-clad diffused waveguide with respect to the thickness of a SiO(2) buffer film are clarified by the numerical solutions of the dispersion equations. The Ti-diffused region of the waveguide is assumed to be well represented by a region with a permittivity that decreases linearly away from the waveguide surface.
Simplified Bipolar Technology Application to Systems and Its (1970)

New bipolar integrated-circuit structures that simplify processing and increase packing density of circuits are discussed. One of these, which uses the collector diffusions for isolation, has been described previously. Others, which use the base diffusion for isolation, are described here for the first time. Base-diffusion isolation with a buried collector simplifies the fabrication of very- high-speed circuits. Base-diffusion isolation without a buried col- lector permits the fabrication of circuits with no more processing than is needed for a discrete pla.mmtransistor. Packing densities of these transistors are similar to those of IGFET%. Functional- packing densities will depend upon the particular circuit used. The new structures should permit fabrication of many circuits with the performance advantages of bipolar devices at costs comparable to those of IGFET's. To best exploit the advantages of bipolar devices like these, low-voltage logic is required, Studies of an exploratory digital system using gates operated from a 2-volt supply have shown the feasibility of such an approach.
Generation of aminoacyl radicals from 1-carbamoyl-1-methylcyclohexa-2,5- dienes: a new tin-free homolytic route to β- and γ-lactams (2000)

Radical induced homolyses of 1-carbamoyl-1-methylcyclohexa-2,5-dienes took place cleanly to yield aminoacyl radicals, with no competition from the alternative dissociation to methyl radicals: β- and γ-lactams were obtained from ring closures of suitably unsaturated model compounds.
Robust and blind watermarking of avatar faces (2014)

We present in this paper an access security method to virtual world based on a watermarking approach of avatar faces. The authentication approach consists in hiding, as a mark in the avatar's face, the fingerprint of its owner, who is a virtual world resident. We have used the wavelet packet decomposition and the singular values decomposition methods to achieve the watermarking process. The extracted features from the fingerprint, which are coded to a binary format are inserted into the avatar's face. The developed approach ensures a total imperceptibility and a blind extraction of the watermark. The algorithm has been evaluated against various attack types, where the obtained results are promising.
Magnetic Pulse Treatment for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study (2001)

We assessed the efficacy and tolerability of low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) therapy in patients with clinically symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA) in a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind study of six weeks' duration, Patients with radiographic evidence and symptoms of CA (incompletely relieved by conventional treatments), according to the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology, were recruited from a single tertiary referral centre. 75 patients fulfilling the above criteria were randomised to receive active PEMF treatment by unipolar magnetic devices (Medicur) manufactured by Snowden Healthcare (Nottingham, UK) or placebo. Six patients failed to attend after the screening and were excluded from analysis. The primary outcome measure was reduction in overall pain assessed on a four-point Likert scale ranging from nit to severe. Secondary outcome measures included the WOMAC Osteoarthritis Index (Likert scale) and the EuroQol (Euro-Quality of Life, EQ-5D). Baseline assessments showed that the treatment groups were equally matched. Although there were no significant differences between active and sham treatment groups in respect of any outcome measure after treatment, paired analysis of the follow-up observations on each patient showed significant improvements in the actively treated group in the WOMAC global score (p = 0.018), WOMAC pain score (p = 0.065), WOMAC disability score (p = 0.019) and EuroQol score (p = 0.001) at study end compared to baseline. In contrast, there were no improvements in any variable in the placebo-treated group. There were no clinically relevant adverse effects attributable to active treatment. These results suggest that the Medicur unipolar magnetic devices are beneficial in reducing pain and disability in patients with knee CA resistant to conventional treatment in the absence of significant side-effects. Further studies using different types of magnetic devices, treatment protocols and patient populations are warranted to confirm the general efficacy of PEMF therapy in OA and other conditions.
53.4: Treatments in ELA Process to Improve the Image Quality in AMOLED Displays (2006)

Abstract Supplementary treatments combined with the standard Excimer Laser Annealing (ELA) process are introduced to poly‐Si recrystallization. The surface condition of the poly silicon film becomes more uniform and smoother after these treatments. The variation of the current that drives AMOLED is reduced from 30% to 12%. The streak mura caused by ELA process has been greatly reduced as well. Finally, the image quality of AMOLED is highly improved.
Alkaline unfolding and salt‐induced folding of bovine liver catalase at high pH (1998)

We have studied the alkaline unfolding of bovine liver catalase and its dependence on ionic strength by enzymic activity measurements and a combination of optical methods like circular dichroism, fluorescence and absorption spectroscopies. Under conditions of high pH (11.5) and low ionic strength, the native tetrameric enzyme dissociates into monomers with complete loss of enzymic activity and a significant loss of alpha-helical content. Increase in ionic strength by addition of salts like potassium chloride and sodium sulphate resulted in folding of alkaline-unfolded enzyme by association of monomers to tetramer but with significantly different structural properties compared to native enzyme. The salt-induced tetrameric intermediate is characterized by a significant exposure of the buried hydrophobic clusters and significantly reduced alpha-helical content compared to the native enzyme. The refolding/reconstitution studies showed that the salt-induced partially folded tetrameric intermediate shows significantly higher efficiency of refolding/reconstitution as compared to alkaline-denatured catalase in the absence of salts. These studies suggest that folding of multimeric enzymes proceeds probably through the hydrophobic collapse of partially folded multimeric intermediate with exposed hydrophobic clusters.
PVA FIBRE REINFORCED CEMENT SHEETS: PRODUCTION AND PROPERTIES. FIBRE REINFORCED CEMENTS AND CONCRETES: RECENT DEVELOPMENTS. PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE HELD AT THE UNIVERSITY OF WALES, COLLEGE OF CARDIFF, SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING, UNITED KINGDOM, SEPTEMBER 18-20, 1989 (1989)

Two kinds of polyvinyl alcohol fibres (PVA), both high modulus type and modified type, have been used as asbestos alternatives to produce non-asbestos FRC sheets on a Hatschek machine. For counteracting the poor cement retention capacity of these fibres a suitable auxiliary agent was selected. Large size PVA fibre reinforced cement flat sheets were produced successfully by the Hatschek process. The properties of these sheets were tested and compared with that of AC sheets and 5% asbestos containing FRC sheets.(A) For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 827953.
Examining the Test of Memory Malingering Trial 1 and Word Memory Test Immediate Recognition as Screening Tools for Insufficient Effort (2007)

Assessing effort level during neuropsychological evaluations is critical to support the accuracy of cognitive test scores. Many instruments are designed to measure effort, yet they are not routinely administered in neuropsychological assessments. The Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM) and the Word Memory Test (WMT) are commonly administered symptom validity tests with sound psychometric properties. This study examines the use of the TOMM Trial 1 and the WMT Immediate Recognition (IR) trial scores as brief screening tools for insufficient effort through an archival analysis of a combined sample of mild head-injury litigants ( N = 105) who were assessed in forensic private practices. Results show that both demonstrate impressive diagnostic accuracy and calculations of positive and negative predictive power are presented for a range of base rates. These results support the utility of Trial 1 of the TOMM and the WMT IR trial as screening methods for the assessment of insufficient effort in neuropsychological assessments.
In Situ Grazing Incidence Small-Angle X-ray Scattering Investigation of Polystyrene Nanoparticle Spray Deposition onto Silicon (2013)

We investigated the spray deposition and subsequent self-assembly during drying of a polystyrene nanoparticle dispersion with in situ grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering at high time resolution. During the fast deposition of the dispersion and the subsequent evaporation of the solvent, different transient stages of nanoparticle assembly can be identified. In the first stage, the solvent starts to evaporate without ordering of the nanoparticles. During the second stage, large-scale structures imposed by the breakup of the liquid film are observable. In this stage, the solvent evaporates further and nanoparticle ordering starts. In the late third drying stage, the nanoparticles self-assemble into the final layer structure.
Desmosomes and disease. (1997)

Considerable progress has been made in our knowledge of desmosomes and their components. Molecular cloning of the desmosomal glycoproteins has established that desmoglein 1 and desmoglein 3 are targets for autoantibodies in the blistering diseases pemphigus foliaceus and pemphigus vulgaris respectively. New evidence suggests that another desmosomal glycoprotein, desmocollin 1, is the major target antigen in the upper epidermal form of intercellular IgA dermatosis (IgA pemphigus). In human cancer there is accumulating evidence which suggests a role for desmosomes in the prevention of invasion and metastasis. The possibility exists that a mutation in a desmosomal glycoprotein gene is responsible for an inheritable human disease, the striated form of palmoplantar keratoderma.
Extraction of apple pectins by rhamnogalacturonase, a new pectolytic enzyme (1990)

* INRA, Laboratoire de biochimie et technologie des glucides, rue de la Geraudiere, BP 527, 44026 Nantes cedex 03 Diffusion du document : INRA, Laboratoire de biochimie et technologie des glucides, rue de la Geraudiere, BP 527, 44026 Nantes cedex 03
Amorphous Silicon Carbide for Photovoltaic Applications (2006)

Within this work amorphous SiC is investigated for its applicability in photovoltaic devices. The temperature stability and dopability of SiC makes this material very attractive for applications in this area. Physical basics of amorphous SiC networks and plasma processes are discussed and first measurements with FTIR of the different layer types show the complexity of the network. The special features of the plasma reactor such as high temperature deposition and two-source excitation are also discussed. Beside plasma etching I furthermore tested the etching behaviour of stoichiometric SiC in different wet chemical etching solutions. The results show that etching of SiC, especially when it is already annealed, is very difficult for both etching processes. Furthermore, stress measurements of our layers deposited and annealed at different temperatures show the change of stress from compressive (
Leaf gas exchange physiology in rice genotypes infected with bacterial blight: An attempt to link photosynthesis with disease severity and rice yield (2013)

Bacterial blight (BB) of rice caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), is one of the most devastating disease of rice causing significant yield reduction under serious infestations in many rice growing countries. BB interferes with leaf CO2 exchange processes, enhances leaf senescence and reduces CO2 assimilation. In the present study, 14 rice genotypes were initially studied to understand genotypic variability for resistance against infection by Xoo . Further, to assess the effect of BB on photosynthetic functions, three rice genotypes [O. longistaminata; O. sativa cv. IRBB21 and Pusa Basmati 1 (PB1)] possessing varied levels of resistance/susceptibility to BB were selected. IRBB21 and PB1 were also analyzed to study the effect of bacterial blight on grain yield. Exposure of plants to BB led to significant reductions in net photosynthetic rate (PN), stomatal conductance to CO2 (gs), instantaneous water use efficiency (WUEi), and leaf transpiration rate (E) in susceptible genotype PB1 when compared to resistant IRBB21 and highly resistant O. longistaminata. Under BB infection, O. longistaminata showed highest PN (7.18 μmol CO2 m-2s-1) compared to IRBB21 (4.35 μmol CO2 m-2s-1) and PB1 (0.74 μmol CO2 m-2 s-1), on 216 h of post infection. Due to infection, gs was strongly reduced to 0.046 mmol m-2s-1 on 216 h in PB1 followed by IRBB21 (0.16 mmol m-2 s-1 on 216 h), whereas O. longistaminata maintained highest gs of 0.22 mmol m-2 s-1 on 216 h, indicating better CO2 exchange capacity and resistance against bacterial blight. Regression plots showed significantly positive relationships between PN vs gs and PN vs Ci for all the tested genotypes. Down-regulation in leaf CO2 assimilation physiology as well as loss in photosynthetically active leaf tissue was observed with increment in disease severity, which resulted in substantial yield loss (61.75%) in susceptible genotype PB1. Yield loss was mostly attributed to reduced productive tillers, less number of seeds per panicle, decreased panicle weight and less number of filled grains. Relatively less variation in yield traits was recorded in resistant IRBB21.
Principles of Microwave Technology (1996)

Electromagnetic fundamentals units and physical constants what are microwaves? microwave technology velocity, frequency and wavelength the electromagnetic field propagation propagation paths transmission line fundamentals concepts of two-wire lines free space characteristic impedance matched terminations propagation velocity, velocity factor and attenuation constant standing waves reflection coefficient and return loss voltage standing-wave ratio open and shorted terminations transmission line sections time domain reflectrometry Smith chart analysis using the Smith chart short circuit minima shift method impedance matching techniques Smith chart radial scale parameters microwave transmission lines two-wire lines coaxial lines rectangular waveguide ridged waveguide circular waveguide elliptical waveguide waveguide discontinuities methods of exciting waveguides stripline and microstrip microwave passive components connectors directional couplers attenuators isolators circulators slotted line slide-screw tuner mixers cavity resonators filters T-sections joints microwave active cevices (thermionic) early vacuum tube devices velocity modulation klystron oscillators klystron amplifiers traveling wave tube magnetron other tube devices microwave active devices (solid-state) passive microwave diodes active microwave diodes parametric amplifier microwave bipolar transistors microwave field-effect transistors microwave IC amplifiers antennas antenna radiation dipole antenna antenna properties monopole antenna antenna arrays reflector antennas microstrip antennas microwave measurements noise frequency measurements detection devices power measurements attenuation measurement VSWR measurements introduction to scattering parameters microwave test equipment analyzers microwave communications applications radar terrestrial communications satellite communications domestic satellite bands (C and Ku) direct broadcast satellites (DBS) wireless services and standards global positioning system. solutions to chapter problems.
Transcriptional expression of<i>cis</i>-acting and<i>trans</i>-acting splicing mutations cause autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (2008)

Two types of mutations may lead to deficient pre-mRNA splicing: cis-acting mutations that inactivate a constitutive or alternative splice site within the pre-mRNA, and trans-acting mutations that affect the function of a basal factor of the splicing machinery. Autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (adRP) is caused by mutations in at least 12 genes, with mutations in rhodopsin being the most prevalent. Two cis-acting mutations, g.3811A>G and g.5167G>T at the splice site in the rhodopsin gene (RHO; GenBank U49742.1) are linked to adRP in a Spanish population; while a cis-acting mutation, g.4335G>T, has been linked to recessive RP (arRP). Transcriptional expression analysis showed that the cis-acting splicing mutations linked to adRP promoted alternative splice sites, while the arRP linked mutation results in exclusion of exon 4. Trans-acting splicing mutations associated with adRP have also been found, and mutations in the pre-mRNA splicing factors PRPF3, PRPF8, PRPF31, and RP9 are associated with adRP in several populations. This report describes a new mutation in PRPF3 in a Spanish adRP family. We also investigated the transcriptional patterns in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed lymphoblastoid cells from patients carrying a mutation in PRPF8. Despite the role of PRPF8 in the minor U12 splicing processes, microarray analysis revealed that mutations in PRPF8 not only did not result in significant differences in splicing efficiency of rhodopsin, but no apparent changes in expression of U12-type intron genes and splicing processes was observed. Microarray analysis revealed a panel of differentially expressed genes mapped to the RP loci, and future work will determine their role in RP.
Deposition of carbenicillin aerosols in cystic fibrosis: effects of nebuliser system and breathing pattern. (1988)

Antibiotic aerosol treatment is successful in treating Pseudomonas infection in some patients with cystic fibrosis, but the amount of drug reaching the lungs is unknown. The deposition patterns of carbenicillin aerosols delivered from two commercially available nebuliser systems (the Turret nebuliser plus Maxi compressor and the Inspiron nebuliser plus Traveller compressor) have been compared in six patients with cystic fibrosis during tidal breathing. The aerosol mass median diameters were 3.2 and 7.3 microns. In addition, the aerosol from the Turret-Maxi nebuliser system was inhaled by a combination of tidal and deep breathing. After two minutes' breathing via a mouthpiece the mean (SEM) deposition in the lungs was 15.60 (1.5) mg carbenicillin with the Turret nebuliser plus Maxi compressor, but only 6.54 (1.09) mg with the Inspiron nebuliser plus Traveller compressor; the distribution pattern within the lung was significantly more peripheral with the former nebuliser system. These differences may be ascribed partly to the smaller droplet size from the Turret system and partly to the higher nebulisation rate from the more powerful Maxi compressor. Tidal plus deep breathing produced a further small but non-significant increase in lung aerosol deposition. A seventh patient, who failed to complete the trial, had little aerosol deposited in his lungs because he inhaled through his nose. These results emphasise the importance of correct selection of nebuliser equipment for antibiotic aerosol treatment.