gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sparse Image Reconstruction on the Sphere: Analysis and Synthesis (2017)

We develop techniques to solve ill-posed inverse problems on the sphere by sparse regularization, exploiting sparsity in both axisymmetric and directional scale-discretized wavelet space. Denoising, inpainting, and deconvolution problems and combinations thereof, are considered as examples. Inverse problems are solved in both the analysis and synthesis settings, with a number of different sampling schemes. The most effective approach is that with the most restricted solution-space, which depends on the interplay between the adopted sampling scheme, the selection of the analysis/synthesis problem, and any weighting of the l<sub>1</sub> norm appearing in the regularization problem. More efficient sampling schemes on the sphere improve reconstruction fidelity by restricting the solution-space and also by improving sparsity in wavelet space. We apply the technique to denoise Planck 353-GHz observations, improving the ability to extract the structure of Galactic dust emission, which is important for studying Galactic magnetism.
Existe-t-il un rationnel justifiant la combinaison du paracétamol aux anti-inflammatoires non stéroïdiens? (2006)

Le paracétamol et les anti-inflammatoires non stéroïdiens (AINS) sont des analgésiques fréquemment prescrits en combinaison. Le rationnel d’une telle combinaison a fait l’objet de plusieurs études expérimentales chez l’animal et chez l’humain. Si ces études sur l’animal, chez des volontaires sains et des patients arthrosiques suggèrent un bénéfice à associer ces deux types de médicaments, les résultats d’études menées dans le domaine des douleurs postopératoires font encore l’objet de controverses. Les évidences cliniques disponibles ne permettent pas de recommander l’utilisation élargie du paracétamol en combinaison avec un anti-inflammatoire non stéroïdien.
Enhancing absorption and sensitivity within structured optical fibres (2010)

We propose enhancing the absorption of a species inside the channels of a structured optical fibre by depositing a high index layer within the air holes. This layer draws out the optical field within the mode increasing the overlap interaction. Simulations support the general idea and an experimental demonstration is reported using a novel approach to film formation with TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles. For the sake of demonstration, we use porphyrin with carboxylic groups that attach to the TiO<sub>2</sub>. The deposition of particles well coated with porphyrin is compared to those not fully coated prior to deposition in the holes. The latter case is found to give the best results since scattering loss is reduced when the porphyrins are not initially attached to the TiO2 particle. This is expected if film formation through intermolecular forces has occurred.rs.
Concentration-dependent differential effect of retinoic acid on intercellular metabolic cooperation. (1983)

A vitamin A analog, 13-cis-retinoic acid (13-cis-RA), was tested for effect on intercellular metabolic cooperation between 6-thioguanine-resistant and -sensitive V79 Chinese hamster cells. Most typical tumor promoters have been reported to inhibit metabolic cooperation. 13-cis-RA was found to enhance metabolic cooperation of cells treated with a potent tumor promoter, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate. However, inhibition of metabolic cooperation was noticed when 13-cis-RA was used at higher concentrations.
Introduction to Microflows (2013)

This chapter deals with flows where the depth of the flow is small. In microflows the surface area of the walls is very large compared to the volume of fluid. The chapter talks about the general characteristics of molecules, compressible flows, and slip flows. Next, it focuses on the flow of gases, followed by a discussion on liquid flows. The chapter focuses on the small-Reynolds-number case. Additional energy in the internal modes of molecular vibration and rotation is described by the internal energy equation of state. Microflow of gases is characterized by the Knudsen number, the mean free path divided by the height of the flow. The Knudsen number can become large because the mean free path is large (rarefied gas dynamics) or the width of the flow is small (microflows).
ARREST IN METAPHASE AND ANATOMY OF MITOTIC CATASTROPHE: MILD HEAT SHOCK IN TWO HUMAN OSTEOSARCOMA CELL LINES (2000)

The exits from metaphase arrest and anatomy of mitotic catastrophe were studied in two human osteosarcoma cell lines, nontumorigenic HOS TE85 and its chemically transformed strain MNNG-HOS, applying mild genotoxic damage by heat shock at 41.8 degrees C for 24 h. Under these conditions, both cell lines doubled or tripled their mitotic index entering arrest in metaphase. On return to 37 degrees C, the arrest was either released or ended in apoptosis. The transformed strain showed a greater capacity to arrest in metaphase as well as a greater probability of developing the third pathway: to restitute this arrest in polyploid interphase. This, in turn, either entered an 'endocycle' or, following a delay, apoptosis. Thus, arrest in metaphase was a cross-point of the mitotic cycle, apoptosis, and endocycle. Mitotic catastrophe can morphologically manifest combinations of elements of these three processes.
Folded Structure and Insertion Depth of the Frog-Skin Antimicrobial Peptide Esculentin-1b(1–18) in the Presence of Differently Charged Membrane-Mimicking Micelles (2014)

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are effectors of the innate immunity of most organisms. Their role in the defense against pathogen attack and their high selectivity for bacterial cells make them attractive for the development of a new class of antimicrobial drugs. The N-terminal fragment of the frog-skin peptide esculentin-1b (Esc(1-18)) has shown broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Similarly to most cationic AMPs, it is supposed to act by binding to and damaging the negatively charged plasma membrane of bacteria. Differently from many other AMPs, Esc(1-18) activity is preserved in biological fluids such as serum. In this work, a structural investigation was performed through NMR spectroscopy. The 3D structure was obtained in the presence of either zwitterionic or negatively charged micelles as membrane models for eukaryotic and prokaryotic membranes, respectively. Esc(1-18) showed a higher affinity for and deeper insertion into the latter and adopted an amphipathic helical structure characterized by a kink at the residue G8. These findings were confirmed by measuring penetration into lipid monolayers. The presence of negatively charged lipids in the bilayer appears to be necessary for Esc(1-18) to bind, to fold in the right three-dimensional structure, and, ultimately, to exert its biological role as an AMP.
Production of cross neutralizing single chain fragment variables (scFv) from HIV-1 infected Indian children (2014)

Methods Nine ART drug naive HIV-1 subtype c infected children were recruited. PBMCs were isolated from all the subjects and pooled. RNA was isolated and cDNA was synthesized followed by amplification of VH and VL chain genes and scFv construction. A human recombinant scFv phage display library of 108 clones was constructed. Diversity of the phage library was checked by DNA sequencing and biopanned with RSC3 core antigen. 60 random clones were screened by phage ELISA. Expression of the scFvs was assessed by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting.
Self-consistent calculations on GaAs-Al<sub>x</sub>Ga<sub>1-x</sub>As heterojunctions (1985)

The sub-band structure at zero temperature of a two-dimensional electron gas at an AlxGa1-xAs-GaAs heterojunction interface is calculated in the envelope function approach. A model is developed in which the potential energy, the sub-band structure, the areal density of the electron gas as well as depletion lengths can be calculated as a function of material properties and growth parameters only. The authors have also calculated analytically the minimum value of the donor concentration in the AlxGa1-xAs layer for obtaining an electron gas at zero temperature.
Towards a real-time architecture to control an autonomous vehicle in multi-vehicle environment (2002)

This paper copes with the problem of motion execution monitoring for a car-like vehicle moving in a subset of the road network. The final goal is to design an architecture for planning and controlling the motion of the vehicle. This architecture must enable the vehicle to optimize its behavior autonomously and in real-time, i.e., to avoid stationary and moving obstacles in its local environment while respecting the highway code and its own kinematic and dynamic constraints. To resolve the problems of motion planning, motion execution monitoring and command generation (control), an intermediate step where the vehicle is still driven by a human driver so its control is replaced by an assistance of the driver through a man-machine interface is proposed. Work concerning the vehicle motion execution monitoring within this simplified architecture is reported. The framework of this program is the Pro-Lab II demonstrator whose purpose is to develop an electronic co-pilot to assist the human driver.
A New Approach for Modeling Darrieus-Type Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Rotors Using Electrical Equivalent Circuit Analogy: Basis of Theoretical Formulations and Model Development (2015)

Models are crucial in the engineering design process because they can be used for both the optimization of design parameters and the prediction of performance. Thus, models can significantly reduce design, development and optimization costs. This paper proposes a novel equivalent electrical model for Darrieus-type vertical axis wind turbines (DTVAWTs). The proposed model was built from the mechanical description given by the Paraschivoiu double-multiple streamtube model and is based on the analogy between mechanical and electrical circuits. This work addresses the physical concepts and theoretical formulations underpinning the development of the model. After highlighting the working principle of the DTVAWT, the step-by-step development of the model is presented. For assessment purposes, simulations of aerodynamic characteristics and those of corresponding electrical components are performed and compared.
Some observations of reaction sintering process of diamond. (1987)

Reaction sintering process of diamond converted from graphitized pitch coke (GPC) or natural graphite (NG) was examined using the unary (Ni) and binary (Ni-Ti or Ni-Zr) solvent-catalyst systems under high pressure (6.5-7 GPa) and temperature conditions (1600°C-1700°C) for a treatment time of 10 min. Particle joining was extending regions among the diamond grains that were transformed from GPC, while growth of twins was observed in the diamond grains transformed from NG. The diamond sintered compact having more than 90% conversion ratio from GPC, was obtained in the presence of 50-70 wt% (20-37 vol%) solvent-catalyst. The grain size of diamond decreased from 20-40 μm in the unary (Ni) system to 10-20 μm in the binary (Ni-Ti or Ni-Zr) system. The Vickers microhardness of diamond phase of these sintered compacts exceeded 8000, where a typical neck growth between diamond grains was observed. The addition of 30 wt% diamond seed crystals (diameter: 0.5-3 μm) to the starting powder resulted in the further decrease in the transformed diamond grain size to 2-3 μm.
Mosquito Bite Therapy: Evidenced-Based (2004)

Mosquito bites in humans are characterized by an immediate wheal-and-flare type I hypersensitivity response, followed by a delayed type IV papular reaction approximately 24 h later. An intense pruritic reaction may accompany all phases of the bite. Prophylactically administered oral second-generation antihistamines inhibit the immediate histamine induced wheal-and-flare in skin, and some studies show that they are also useful in alleviating delayed bite symptoms. Topical antihistamines have not been documented to be useful in treatment; however, topical ammonium solution and other common allergic reaction remedies are promising as after-bite treatments. This review assesses the current evidence analyzing the efficacy of prophylactic, oral, second-generation antihistamines as well as topical therapies for mosquito bites.
Recognizing Concomitant Lupus Enteritis and Lupus Cystitis (2008)

We describe a case of simultaneous severe lupus enteritis and lupus cystitis in a 38-year-old female with a 21-year history of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The patient presented with acute abdominal pain, decreased urinary output, associated low-grade fever, nausea, and diarrhea. She had serologic evidence of an SLE flare with acute renal insufficiency. Computed tomography examination revealed dramatic edema of the large- and small-bowel walls with no evidence of bowel loop dilatation or pneumatosis intestinalis, marked diffuse thickening of the urinary bladder wall, and bilateral hydronephrosis and hydroureter. Lupus enteritis and lupus cystitis were diagnosed and treatment with intravenous corticosteroids led to prompt resolution of the abdominal pain and normalization of renal function. Because infarction of tissue and bowel rupture are potentially fatal complications, it is essential to consider lupus enteritis in SLE patients who present with abdominal pain. This case demonstrates that once lupus enteritis is suspected, coexistent lupus cystitis must also be considered.
Single Joint Control of a Flexible Industrial Manipulator using H∞ Loop Shaping (2012)

Abstract — Control of a flexible joint of an industrial manipulator using H ∞ loop shaping design is presented. Two controllers are proposed; 1) H ∞ loop shaping using the actuator position, and 2) H ∞ loop shaping using the actuator position and the acceleration of end-effector. The two controllers are compared to a standard PID controller where only the actuator position is measured. Using the acceleration of the end-effector improves the nominal performance. The performance of the proposed controllers is not significantly decreased in the case of model error consisting of an increased time delay or a gain error. I.
Extending Groupware for OLAP (2006)

While applications built on top of groupware systems are capable of managing mundane tasks such as scheduling and email, they are not optimised for certain kinds of applications, for instance generating aggregated summaries of scheduled activities. Groupware systems are primarily designed with online transaction processing in mind, and are highly focused on maximizing throughput when clients concurrently access and manipulate information on a shared store. In this paper, we give an overview and discuss some of the implementation details of a system that transforms groupware Calendaring & Scheduling (C&S) data into a relational OLAP database optimised for these kinds of analytical applications. We also describe the structure of the XML documents that carry incremental update information between the source groupware system and the relational database, and show how the generic structure of the documents enables us to extend the infrastructure to other groupware systems as well.
Collected Works (1995)

A prolific exponent of the American musical idiom developed by Daniel Read and other Connecticut composers in the 1780s and 1790s, Stephen Jenks contributed 127 pieces to the ten collections of psalmody he issued from 1799 to 1818. His “Mount Vernon” (1700) is the best known of the many pieces mourning George Washington's death; “Sorrow's Tear” (1804) may be the earliest American setting of a poem by Thomas Moore. Compositions by Jenks were reprinted by other compilers throughout the nineteenth century, and songs like “Liberty,” “Evening Shade,” and “North Salem” survive today in the Southern tradition through their appearance in shape-note tunebooks. The present edition includes all of Jenks's surviving compositions along with a biography of the composer and a detailed study of his music. Containing over two hundred vocal compositions for three and four voices, this edition includes all of Jenks's surviving works.
ChemInform Abstract: Ferromagnetic Interactions Between t3 2g and e2 g Magnetic Orbitals in a CrIIINiII3 Tetranuclear Compound. (1989)

Abstract It is predicted that the exchange interaction between Cr(III) and Ni(II) ions with both in octahedral surroundings might be ferromagnetic.
[Comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (2004). III. Secular changes in susceptibility]. (2006)

The bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) isolated from patients diagnosed as urinary tract infections (UTIs) in 14 institutions in Japan were collected between August 2004 and July 2005. The susceptibilities of these bacteria to various antimicrobial agents were measured. The bacteria were divided into 2 groups consisting of uncomplicated UTIs and complicated UTIs (with and without indwelling catheter) based on their isolation origins. The results were compared with those obtained between 1995 and 2003. The drug sensitivity of S. aureus in this year was similar to those in up to the previous year and S. aureus showed the best susceptibility to vancomycin (VCM) and arbekacin (ABK). The drug sensitivity of E. faecalis in this year also was similar to those in up to the previous year. The susceptibility of E. coli to cephems in this year was generally good and was similar to those in up to the previous year. MIC90 of cefozopran (CZOP) was the most stable and 0.125 microg/mL or less since 1995. The susceptibility of E. coli to cefpirome (CPR) and cefotiam (CTM) also was good but to cefaclor (CCL), cefixime (CFIX), and cefpodoxime (CPDX) was largely decreased in complicated UTI groups. The sensitivity of E. coli to carbapenems also was good but to carumonam (CRMN) tended to decrease. The susceptibility of E. coli to quinolones, however, has largely changed and has decreased since 2003 in uncomplicated UTIs and 2000 in complicated UTIs. That was suggested the development of the resistance to the drug. The susceptibility of Klebsiella spp. to cefazolin (CEZ), CTM, CCL, CPDX, and cefditoren (CDTR) decreased in the previous year and recovered to the year before the previous year in this year. The susceptibility of Klebsiella spp. to other cephems was stable since 1995, especially against CZOP, the highest sensitivity (MIC90: < or = 0.125 microg/mL) was maintained. The susceptibility of Klebsiella spp. to carbapenems and CRMN also was good. The susceptibility of Klebsiella spp. to aminoglycosides was lower than to CZOP but was stable since 1995. The susceptibility of P. aeruginosa was generally low and has largely changed against the majority of the agents since 1995. The susceptibility of P. aeruginosa isolated from uncomplicated UTIs has largely changed against ceftazidime (CAZ), cefsulodin (CFS), CZOP, imipenem (IPM), meropenem (MEPM), aztreonam (AZT), CRMN, gentamicin (GM), and tobramycin (TOB). The susceptibility of P. aeruginosa isolated from complicated UTIs has largely changed against CSF, CZOP, MEPM, GM, and ciprofloxacin (CPFX). The susceptibility of P. aeruginosa isolated from complicated UTIs has been stable against amikacin (AMK). For annual changes in MIC50, TOB and IPM had a relatively stable and high activity (MIC50: 0.5-2 microg/mL).
Warpage Reduction in Molded Interconnect Substrate Package through Pre-mold Material Modeling (2019)

Molded interconnect substrate (MIS) is a packaging technology that uses a pre-mold material
Towards gravitationally assisted negative refraction of light by vacuum (2004)

Propagation of electromagnetic plane waves in some directions in gravitationally affected vacuum over limited ranges of spacetime can be such that the phase velocity vector casts a negative projection on the time-averaged Poynting vector. This conclusion suggests, inter alia, gravitationally assisted negative refraction by vacuum.
Growth, nitrogen uptake, and resource allocation in the two tripartite lichens <i>Nephroma arcticum</i> and <i>Peltigera aphthosa</i> during nitrogen stress (2002)

Summary Lichen responses towards nitrogen stress, both increased exposure and deprivation of N, were investigated by measuring N uptake, growth, ergosterol, chitin and Chl a in two tripartite nitrogen‐fixing species, Nephroma arctium and Peltigera aphthosa . The lichens were irrigated with different N forms, enriched in 15 N to assess N uptake, during 3 months in the field, with a total N dosage of 500 mg m −2 . Nitrogen deprivation was induced by removing the nitrogen‐fixing cephalodia. The lichens took up 11–134 mg N m −2 of the added N, corresponding to 1–4% of their total thallus N. Uptake was 4 times higher for NH 4 + than for NO 3 − , and the highest 15 N concentrations were found in newly synthesized tissue. Both forms of N stress affected thallus expansion rates in both species. It is concluded that the two lichens were able to maintain a balanced tissue N concentration despite large variations in N supply, and that assimilated N might be transported to growing apices. Alternatively, N assimilation from external sources might be greater in the margins than in the mature thallus. Thallus expansion was sensitive to N stress, apparently being tightly coupled to N assimilation.
Attempts to Visualize Conformational Changes in a Single Protein Molecule During Function (1997)

Abstract The operation of protein molecular machines is essentially stochastic. One cannot predict exactly when an ion channel opens, or when a molecular motor makes a step. As such, working molecular machines cannot be synchronized with each other in a rigorous sense. To understand the mechanism of a protein machine, therefore, one has to watch conformational changes of individual molecules while they are at work. To this end, we have been trying to develop two approaches based on optical microscopy. One is to attach a small tag, a fluorescent probe, to an appropriate site on the protein molecule of interest. Polarization of the probe fluorescence, for example, will reveal the orientation of the fluorophore, and thus of the portion of the protein molecule to which the fluorophore is attached. A conformational change of the protein will be detected as the reorientation of the fluorophore. A prerequisite is the ability to image a single fluorophore in an aqueous environment, which we have achieved on an epifluorescence microscope by reducing its background luminescence by two orders of magnitude
Recent advances in the discovery of small molecule histone deacetylase inhibitors. (2002)

The reversible acetylation of lysine amino groups in nuclear histones is an important mechanism by which gene expression is regulated, and may act by disrupting higher order chromatin structure. In normal cells, the competing activities of two enzyme classes, the histone acetyl transferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs), result in cell-specific patterns of gene expression. Aberrant patterns of histone acetylation have been linked to cancer, and natural and synthetic HDAC inhibitors (HDAIs) have shown antiproliferative effects on tumor cells in culture. Thus, there has been an increasing interest in histone deacetylase inhibitors as novel anticancer agents, with clinical investigation underway for several molecules. This review summarizes recent progress in the development of new HDAIs and their reported activities.