gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sequence Detection for PPM Optical Communication With ISI (2006)

A method of sequence detection has been proposed to mitigate the effects of inter-slot interference and inter-symbol interference (both denoted ISI) in the reception of M-ary pulse-position modulation (PPM) optical signals. The method would make it possible to reduce the error rate for a given slot duration, to use a shorter slot duration (and, hence, to communicate at a higher rate) without exceeding a given error rate, or to use a lower-bandwidth (and, hence, less-expensive) receiver to receive a signal of a given slot width without exceeding a given error rate. In M-ary PPM, a symbol period is divided into M time slots, each of duration T(sub s), and a symbol consists of a binary sequence ones and zeros represented by pulses or the absence of pulses, respectively, in the time slots. At the transmitter, the bit stream is used to modulate a laser, the output of which is constant (either full power or zero power, representing 1 or 0, respectively) during each time slot. However, the signal becomes attenuated (signal photons are lost) in propagation from the transmitter to the receiver and noise enters at the receiver, complicating the problem of determining the timing of the symbol periods and slots and identifying the symbols.
Hydride induced conversion of an ent-beyer-15-ene 12-p-tosylhydrazone into the novel ent-16S-atis-13-ene system (1973)

The hydride induced shift of an ent-beyer-15-ene12-p-tosylhydrazone, a bicyclo[3,2,1]octene system, to the hitherto undescribed ent-16S-antis-13-ene, a bicyclo-[2,2,2]octene system, is discussed; the extreme unreactivity of the double bond in the product is reported.
Hyperthermal Effects in Phototherapy with Hematoporphyrin Derivative Sensitization (1984)

Although the photochemical reaction of hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD) appears to play a major role in cytotoxic activity, the hyperthermal contribution to tumor destruction has not yet been clarified. We investigated its role in the effectiveness of laser photoradiation therapy using MS-2 sarcoma transplanted into the hind pad of BALB/c mice as the experimental model. Mice received HpD i.v., 25 mg/kg - 24 h before exposure to light delivered from a dye laser or Nd-YAG laser, or before warming in a thermostated bath. Since our aim was not to cure the tumor, the treatment response was evaluated only as inhibition of tumor growth at different days after treatment. Our results support the view that in laser photochemotherapy the hyperthermia produced by irradiation and the photodynamic effect mediated by HpD could contribute to tumor destruction. Moreover, a synergistic interaction between the photodynamic effect and heat was observed in this experimental model.
Vergleich der Kanalkapazität intensitätsmodulierter optischer Übertragungssysteme mit erzielbaren Datenraten (1996)

The channel capacity of an intensity-modulated optical transmission system with direct detection is compared with data rates of realizable modulation schemes. It is assumed that the additive Gaussian noise dominates in the receiver. Multilevel pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) and multilevel pulse position modulation (PPM) are investigated and their parameters are optimized. The numerical evaluation proves that only approx. 20 to 25 % of the channel capacity can be achieved with these modulation schemes. In contrast to results from literature it is shown in the present contribution that under realistic conditions, PAM yields higher data rates than PPM. As an alternative to the modulation schemes with impulsive carrier signals the multitone modulation is investigated. It is shown that the sum of the channel capacity of all sub-bands amounts to approx. 47% of the original channel capacity. Because of this result, with multitone modulation an increase of channel capacity is expected in comparison with modulation schemes with impulsive carrier signals.
VLSI implementation of discrete wavelet transform (2002)

This paper presents a VLSI implementation of discrete wavelet transform (DWT). The architecture is systolic in nature and performs both high-pass and low-pass coefficient calculations with only one set of multipliers. The architecture is simple, modular, and cascadable, and has been implemented in VLSI. Simulation results show that real-time coefficient calculation on a 512/spl times/612 pixels monochrome video input can be achieved.
Which Spot Should I Test for Effective Embedded Software Testing? (2008)

Today, the embedded industry is changing fast - systems have become larger, more complex, and more integrated. Embedded system consists of heterogeneous layers such as hardware, HAL, device driver, OS kernel, and application. These heterogeneous layers are usually customized for special purpose hardware. Therefore, various hardware and software components of embedded system are mostly integrated together under unstable status. That is, there are more possibilities of faults in all layers unlike package software.In this paper, we propose the embedded software interface as two essential parts: interface function that represents the statement of communication between heterogeneous layers, and interface variable that represents software and/or hardware variable which are defined in different layer from integrated software and used to expected output for decision of fault. Also, we statically investigate various views of embedded software interface and demonstrate that proposed interface should be new criterion for effective embedded software testing.
Electrochemical Evaluation of Petzite Leaching (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Experimental Discussions Conclusion
Preoperative imaging-guided needle placement and localization of clinically occult breast lesions (1989)

Preoperative imaging-guided needle placement and localization of clinically occult breast lesionsDB Kopans and CA SwannAudio Available | Share
Do pacifiers increase the risk of nosocomial diarrhoea? A cohort study (2012)

ND is a frequent healthcare-associated infection in paediatric wards, but the use of pacifiers during the stay in hospital does not seem to affect the incidence of ND in infants in many settings where the burden of diarrhoea is still high.
ChemInform Abstract: NEUROTROPIC AND PSYCHOTROPIC AGENTS. CLIX. POTENTIAL METABOLITES OF THE NONCATALEPTIC NEUROLEPTICS: SYNTHESIS OF 2‐CHLORO‐6‐HYDROXY(AND METHOXY)‐10‐(4‐(2‐HYDROXYETHYL)PIPERAZINO)‐10,11‐DIHYDRODIBENZO(B,F)THIEPIN (1982)

Abstract Das bei der Kondensation von Dichloracetophenon (I) mit dem Thiophenol (II) neben dem Disulfid (III) erhaltene Chlormethoxysulfid (IVa) wird nach Willgerodt zu dem Thiomorpholid (IVb) umgesetzt, dessen alkalische Hydrolyse das Essigsäure‐Derivat (IVc) gibt; (IVc) cyclisiert beim Erhitzen mit PPA zu dem Methoxydibenzothiepinon (V), das zu dem Methoxyalkohol (VIa) reduziert wird.
Fatigue Life Evaluation for Toothed Belts Based on FE Analysis (1996)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A new parameter was proposed to evaluate the fatigue life of toothed belts. The parameter is the frictional work spent on the belt tooth surface for driving and driven pulleys. It can be estimated only with the 2D finite element model of the belts previously developed by the authors. As well as the frictional work, an alternative parameter, maximum tooth load (widely used in the literature) was also used to evaluate the fatigue life of toothed belts. In order to prove the effectiveness of the present parameter, fatigue tests were conducted using S8M belts at a constant power. The test results show that the maximum tooth load can explain the fatigue degradation of the toothed belts to some extent while the proposed parameter, the frictional work can evaluate the fatigue life of the belt due to wear of the belt facing fabric more appropriately than the maximum tooth load.</div>
Normalité asymptotique de l’estimateur empirique de l’opérateur d’autocorrélation d’un processus ARH(1) (1999)

Resume Le modele ARH(1) est defini par X t =ρ( X t−1 + e t ou ρ est un operateur lineaire sur un espace de Hilbert ; X t et e t sont des variables aleatoires hilbertiennes ((e t ) t ∈N est un bruit blanc). Nous montrons la normalite asymptotique d'un estimateur de ρ. Cet estimateur fait intervenir les operateurs de covariance empirique du processus ainsi que la projection des donnees sur un espace vectoriel dont la dimension croit avec le nombre d'observations.
Partial Anatomical and Physiological Characterization and Dissociated Cell Culture of the Nervous System of the Marine Mollusc Aplysia kurodai (1997)

Snail nervous systems are powerful tools for neurobiological studies as the biophysical properties of the giant neurons and their neural circuits can be examined in relation to specific behaviors of animals. The marine mollusc Aplysia californica is particularly useful for analyzing the components of learning and memory at the molecular and cellular levels. Here we partially examined the nervous systems of two species (A. kurodai and A. juliana) commonly found along the Korean coast in comparison with that of A. californica, one of the American marine snails. A. kurodai appeared to be identical to A. californica in both anatomical and physiological properties of the nervous system. A. juliana could be distinguished from A. californica in certain morphological aspects of the nervous system. The hemolymph either from A. kurodai or from A. juliana was required for effectively elongating neurite outgrowth of A. kurodai neurons in dissociated cell culture. The cultured cells retained neuronal properties such as neurite outgrowth, synapse formation, and generation of action potentials. The sensory cells of A. kurodai in dissociated cultures showed a response to serotonin (5-HT) of spike broadening and enhanced membrane excitability as in intact ganglia. Therefore, the nervous system and dissociated neuronal culture of A. kurodai may be useful for studying learning and memory in the context-of well-defined neural circuits of A. californica.
A Compact Low-Power 320-Gb/s WDM Transmitter Based on Silicon Microrings (2014)

We demonstrate a compact and low-power wavelength-division multiplexing transmitter near a 1550-nm wavelength using silicon microrings. The transmitter is implemented on a silicon-on-insulator photonics platform with a compact footprint of 0.5 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$\hbox{mm}^{2}$</tex></formula> . The transmitter incorporates 8 wavelength channels with 200-GHz spacing. Each channel achieved error-free operation at 40 Gb/s, resulting in an aggregated data transmission capability of 320 Gb/s. To our knowledge, this is the highest aggregated data rate demonstrated in silicon wavelength-division multiplexing transmitters. Owing to the small device capacitance and the efficient pn-junction modulator design, the transmitter achieves low energy-per-bit values of 36 fJ/bit under 2.4 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">${\rm V}_{\rm pp}$</tex></formula> drive and 144 fJ/bit under 4.8 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">${\rm V}_{\rm pp}$</tex></formula> drive. Comparisons are made to a commercial lithium niobate modulator in terms of bit-error-rate versus optical signal-to-noise ratio.
A Comparison of Three Varieties Planted in 30- and 40-Inch Rows, with and without Pix (1981)

This test was planted in moisture at the Cotton Research Center (CRC), Phoenix on April 11, 1980. Three varieties were used including two Arizona experimental strains, 7203 and 7309, and Deltapine 70. The stand was hand thinned to 30,000 plants per acre on both 30and 40 -inch rows. Pix was applied to half the plots on June 27 at the rate of 20 g active ingredient /acre. Because of the cultural practices used to prepare the 30 -inch rows, a compaction problem was apparently created resulting in slower water intake. The plants in the 30 -inch rows were shorter and earlier than in the 40 -inch rows. Part of this difference was undoubtedly due to compaction.
Hypoglycemic Activity in a Series of 1-Aryl-3-arylsulphonylureas (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHypoglycemic Activity in a Series of 1-Aryl-3-arylsulphonylureasGerald F. Holland, D. A. Jaeger, R. L. Wagner, G. D. Laubach, W. M. McLamore, and S. Y. P'anCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1960, 3, 1, 99–110Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm50014a006https://doi.org/10.1021/jm50014a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views112Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Computational Plaque Vulnerability Index for Atherosclerotic Carotid Plaque Assessment Based on In Vivo MR-Image (2008)

Carotid atherosclerotic plaque (CAP) may rupture without warning and cause acute cardiovascular syndromes such as stroke, which is the No.3 killer in USA and a leading cause of serious disabilities. Available screening and diagnosis techniques are insufficient to identify those victims before the event occurs. Noninvasive methods to identify new and emerging biomarkers to assess plaque vulnerability and predict possible rupture before the fatal event are urgently called for.
Studies in the Terpene Series. XIX.<sup>1</sup> Hydroisomerization and Hydrogenolysis of Cyclohexene, Methylcyclohexene and p-Menthene in the Presence of Hydrogenation Catalysts (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudies in the Terpene Series. XIX.1 Hydroisomerization and Hydrogenolysis of Cyclohexene, Methylcyclohexene and p-Menthene in the Presence of Hydrogenation CatalystsHerman Pines, Alfred Rudin, G. M. Bô, and V. N. IpatieffCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 10, 2740–2742Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01639a044https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01639a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views64Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fractional quantum Hall effect today (1998)

A short review of recent developments in the area of the fractional quantum Hall effect is presented. The article attempts to develop some intuitive images of the highly-correlated electron behavior. It emphasizes the new states at half-filled landau levels and their composite fermion quasiparticles. Recent theoretical calculations promise yet more bizarre electronic states to be discovered by experiment.
Gigawatt, closed cycle, vapor core-MHD space power system conceptual design study (1988)

A conceptual design study for a closed cycle gigawatt electric space power system has been conducted. The closed cycle static operation reduces power system interaction effects upon the space craft. This system utilizes a very high temperature (5500 K) plasma core reactor and a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) power conversion subsystem to provide a power density of about 8 kWe/kg (0.13 kg/kWe) for several kilo-seconds. Uranium vapor is the fuel. Candidate working fluids are metal vapors such as lithium or calcium. The system is based on a Rankine cycle to minimize the electromagnetic pumping power requirement. The fission fragment induced nonequilibrium ionization in the plasma in the MHD power duct provides the plasma electric conductivity for gigawatt power generation. Waste heat is rejected utilizing lithium heat pipes at temperatures just below 2000 K, thus minimizing the radiator area requirement. Key technology issues are identified, including the containment of the 5500 K 'sun-liken plasma at 4 to 0 MPa In a reflector moderated, gas/vapor filled cavity core reactor. A promising scheme to protect the refractory metal reactor inner wall is presented, together with a heating load analysis in the wall. This scheme utilizes an ablating film of liquid lithium/calcium that evaporates into the cavity core to become the working fluid of the cycle.
A metagenomic β-glucuronidase uncovers a core adaptive function of the human intestinal microbiome (2010)

In the human gastrointestinal tract, bacterial β-D-glucuronidases (BG; E.C. 3.2.1.31) are involved both in xenobiotic metabolism and in some of the beneficial effects of dietary compounds. Despite their biological significance, investigations are hampered by the fact that only a few BGs have so far been studied. A functional metagenomic approach was therefore performed on intestinal metagenomic libraries using chromogenic glucuronides as probes. Using this strategy, 19 positive metagenomic clones were identified but only one exhibited strong β-D-glucuronidase activity when subcloned into an expression vector. The cloned gene encoded a β-D-glucuronidase (called H11G11-BG) that had distant amino acid sequence homologies and an additional C terminus domain compared with known β-D-glucuronidases. Fifteen homologs were identified in public bacterial genome databases (38-57% identity with H11G11-BG) in the Firmicutes phylum. The genomes identified derived from strains from Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Clostridiaceae. The genetic context diversity, with closely related symporters and gene duplication, argued for functional diversity and contribution to adaptive mechanisms. In contrast to the previously known β-D-glucuronidases, this previously undescribed type was present in the published microbiome of each healthy adult/child investigated (n = 11) and was specific to the human gut ecosystem. In conclusion, our functional metagenomic approach revealed a class of BGs that may be part of a functional core specifically evolved to adapt to the human gut environment with major health implications. We propose consensus motifs for this unique Firmicutes β-D-glucuronidase subfamily and for the glycosyl hydrolase family 2.
An automated AC-DC transfer calibration system (2003)

The paper describes recent improvements in the NRC ac-dc transfer capabilities. They were achieved through full automation of the ac-dc transfer comparator, extensive redesign of the control software, and modification of the voltage buildup procedure. Hardware additions to the comparator design include several stepping motor driven switches and a range changer of the highest accuracy commercial electronic transfer standard. Redesigned Visual Basic software is very flexible, and can be easily modified to accept new instruments and new procedures. The NRC buildup procedure has been modified at the 500 V and 1000 V levels. The expanded uncertainty assigned to the NRC working standard is given and its components are briefly discussed.
Periodization and Historiography of Indian Philosophy. Edited with an introduction by Eli Franco (2015)

   Periodization and Historiography of Indian Philosophy. Edited with an introduction by Eli Franco. Vienna: De Nobili, 2013. Pp. viii + 388. € 40.
Lipid mixtures prepared with well-defined synthetic ceramides closely mimic the unique stratum corneum lipid phase behavior (2005)

Lipid lamellae present in the outermost layer of the skin, the stratum corneum, form the main barrier for the diffusion of molecules through the skin. The presence of a unique 13 nm lamellar phase and its high crystallinity are characteristic for the stratum corneum lipid phase behavior. In the present study, small-angle and wide-angle X-ray diffraction were used to examine the organization in lipid mixtures prepared with a unique set of well-defined synthetic ceramides, varying from each other in head group architecture and acyl chain length. The results show that equimolar mixtures of cholesterol, free fatty acids, and synthetic ceramides (resembling the composition of pig ceramides) closely resemble the lamellar and lateral stratum corneum lipid organization, both at room and higher temperatures. Exclusion of several ceramide classes from the mixture does not affect the lipid organization. However, complete substitution of ceramide 1 (acylceramide with a sphingosine base) with ceramide 9 (acylceramide with a phytosphingosine base) reduces the formation of the long periodicity lamellar phase. This indicates that the head group architecture of acylceramides affects the lipid organization. In conclusion, lipid mixtures prepared with well-defined synthetic ceramides offer an attractive tool with which to unravel the importance of the molecular structure of individual ceramides for proper lipid organization.
Chemodosimetric analysis in food-safety monitoring: design, synthesis, and application of a bimetallic Re(<scp>i</scp>)–Pt(<scp>ii</scp>) complex for detection of dimethyl sulfide in foods (2014)

Detection of neutral biogenic sulfides plays a crucial role in food safety. A new heterobimetallic Re(I)-Pt(II) donor-acceptor complex--[Re(biq)(CO)3(CN)]-[Pt(DMSO)(Cl)2] (1, biq = 2,2'-biquinoline)--was synthesized and characterized. The X-ray crystallographic and photophysical data for 1 are reported in this study. Complex 1 indicated the luminescent chemodosimetric selectivity for dimethyl sulfide, which persisted even in the presence of a variety of interfering vapors, with a detection limit as low as 0.96 ppm. The binding constant (log K) of 1 toward dimethyl sulfide was 3.63 ± 0.03. The analyte selectivity of the complexes was found to be dependent on the ligand coordinated to the Re(I) center. Real samples (beef, chicken, and pork) were monitored real-time for gaseous dimethyl sulfide. Complex 1 shows a linear spectrofluorimetric response with increasing storage time of the meats at 30 °C.