gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
RANKING AND OPTIMIZATION METHODOLOGIES ---SECOND NORTH AMERICAN CONFERENCE ON MANAGING PAVEMENTS, 2-6 NOVEMBER 1987, ROYAL YORK HOTEL, TORONTO, ONTARIO, CANADA (1987)

Papers presented at this session include: recent developments and potential future directions in ranking and optimization procedures for pavement management (cook,wd and lytton,rl); sample size selection (scullion,t, lytton,rl and templeton,cj); the economic optimization of pavement maintenance and rehabilitation policy (markow,mj, brademeyer,bd and sherwood,j); achieving efficiency in planning and programming through network-level policy optimization and pavement management (paterson,wdo and fossberg,pe); a dynamic programming approach to optimization for pavement management systems (feighan,kj, shahin,my and sinha,kc); a decomposition approach for rehabilitation and maintenance programming (gendreau,m); a computationally efficient system for infrastructure management with application to pavement management (nesbitt,dm and sparks,ga); a micro-computer Markov dynamic programming system for pavement management in Finland (thompson,pd, neumann,la and miettinen,m). For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 807044.
Sustainability of Linguistic Resources (2006)

This paper describes a new research initiative addressing the issue of sustainability of linguistic resources. This initiative is a cooperation between three linguistic collaborative research centres in Germany, which comprise more than 40 individual research projects altogether. These projects are involved in creating manifold language resources, especially corpora, tailored to their particular needs. The aim of the project described here is to ensure an effective and sustainable access of these data by third-party researchers beyond the termination of these projects. This goal involves a number of measures, such as the definition of a common data format to completely capture the heterogeneous information encoded in the individual corpora, the development of user-friendly and sustainably usable tools for processing (e.g. querying) the data, and the specification of common inventories of metadata and terminology. Moreover, the project aims at formulating general rules of best practice for creating, accessing, and archiving linguistic resources.
Allele Frequency of Inosine Triphosphate Pyrophosphatase Gene Polymorphisms in a Japanese Population (2004)

The enzyme inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase (ITPase) catalyses the pyrophosphohydrolysis of ITP to IMP. ITPase deficiency is a clinically benign autosomal recessive condition characterised by the abnormal accumulation of ITP in erythrocytes. A deficiency of ITPase may predict adverse reactions to therapy with the thiopurine drug 6-mercaptopurine and its prodrug azathioprine. In this study, we examine the frequencies of ITPA polymorphisms in 100 healthy Japanese individuals. The allele frequency of the 94C > A variant in the Japanese sample was 0.135 (Caucasian allele frequency 0.06). The IV2 + 21A > C polymorphism was not found in Japanese (Caucasian allele frequency 0.130). Allele frequencies of the 138G > A, 561G > A and 708G > A polymorphisms were 0.57, 0.18 and 0.06 respectively in the Japanese population, and with the exception of the 138G > A polymorphism, similar to allele frequencies in Caucasians.
Duplex Wave Migration – A Practical and Effective Tool for Imaging Vertical Boundaries (2007)

P283 Duplex Wave Migration – A Practical and Effective Tool for Imaging Vertical Boundaries N. Marmalevskyi* (Ukrainian State Geological Prospecting Institute) B.H. Link (Kelman Technologies Inc.) Y. Roganov (Ukrainian State Geological Prospecting Institute) A. Kostyukevych (Tetra Seis Inc.) & Z. Gornyak (Ukrainian State Geological Prospecting Institute) SUMMARY Reverse time migration (RTM) has recently become available on a commercial basis. This two-way wave equation method is theoretically capable of imaging vertical boundaries by virtue of the fact that it can use reflection energy that has undergone two bounces (duplex wave energy (DWE)) to image vertical boundaries. However RTM has a number
Downscaled multi-model superensemble and probabilistic forecasts of seasonal rains over the Asian monsoon belt (2010)

This is a study on seasonal climate forecasts for the Asian Monsoon region. The unique aspect of this study is that it became possible to use the forecast results from as many as 16 state of the art coupled atmosphere-ocean models. A downscaling component, with respect to observed rainfall estimates uses data sets from TRMM and a dense rain gauge distriburion; this enables the forecasts of each model to be bias corrected to a common 25 km resolution. The downscaling statistics for each model, at each grid location is developed during a training phase of the model forecasts; the forecasts from all of the member models use the downscaling coefficients of the training phase. These forecasts are next used for the construction of a multimodel superensemble. A major result of this paper is on the climatology of the model rainfall. From the downscaled multimodel superensemble which shows a correlation of nearly 1.0 with respect to the observed climatology. This high skill is important for addressing the rainfall anomaly forecasts, which are defined in terms of departures from the observed (rather than a model based) climatology. The second part of this study addresses seasonal climate forecasts of Asian monsoon precipitation anomalies. Seasonal climate forecasts over the larger monsoon Asia domain and over the regional belts are evaluated. The superensemble forecasts invariably carry the highest skill compared to the member models globally and regionally. This relates largely to the presence of large systematic errors in models that carry low seasonal prediction skills. Such models carry persistent signatures of systematic errors, and their errors are recognized by the multimodel superensemble. One of the conclusions of this study is that given the uncertainties in current modeling for seasonal rainfall forecasts, post processing of multimodel forecasts, using the superensemble methodology, seems to provide the most promising results for the rainfall anomaly forecasts.
ChemInform Abstract: The Reagent. Part 13. Bredereck′s Reagent. tert‐Butylaminal Ester ( tButoxy‐N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethylmethanediamine) (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Fabrication of Amorphous Fe-B Alloy Films by Contact Plating Method and Their Magnetic Properties. (1998)

Fe-B amorphous alloy film was formed by means of contact plating method, in which Cu foils in contact with Al wires were used as substrates. Local battery configuration of the Cu foil anode and the Al wire cathode was responsible for film formation. The boron content in film was controlled from 0at% to 28at% by changing the KBH4 concentration in the bath. The bath temperature strongly affected the crystallographic structure of resultant films. Fe80B20 amorphous films required a bath temperature below 40°C. Film structure and composition also affected magnetic properties. Film coercivity below 17Oe was also observed.
Adaptive control for synchronous machine (2012)

The paper examines the synchronous machine oscillations. The linearized model of the synchronous machine was used for the eigenvalue analysis. The analysis shows that it is reasonable to apply adaptive stabilizer. The adaptive controller based on the model reference adaptive control theory is presented. Simulation and experimental results show the applicability of the presented approach.
Exposure–Response Relationships for Therapeutic Biologic Products (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Overview of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Pharmacokinetics Absorption Distribution Elimination Immunogenicity Pharmacodynamics Hormones Insulin Parathyroid Hormone Cytokines Interleukin-2 Growth Factors Epoetin-α Soluble Receptors Etanercept Monoclonal Antibodies (mAbs) Therapeutic Antibodies in Inflammatory Diseases Anti-TNF-α Antibodies Efalizumab Omalizumab Therapeutic Antibodies in Oncology Rituximab Bevacizumab Trastuzumab Conclusions References
A Novel and Disease Specific Gene in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. (2004)

Abstract One of the best predictors of poor outcome in CLL is the absence of somatic hypermutations in the Ig-genes of the leukemic cells. This prognostic dichotomy, between cases of mutated and unmutated CLL, enabled us to screen for a gene associated with poor outcome CLL using differential display RT-PCR. We identified a novel transcript from chromosome 12q22, which by RT-PCR and Northern blotting seemed to be selectively over-expressed in CLL patients with poor prognosis. No matching genes or ESTs were annotated in the region, but screening of a cDNA library from unmutated CLL patients resulted in cloning of 7 cDNAs, which probably derived from alternative splicing of a common transcript. The majority of the transcripts had no significant reading frames, but one splice variant may encode a protein of 121 amino acids. Despite very low primary sequence similarity, structure modelling revealed that the peptide potentially can fold into a structure remarkably similar to human IL-4. By RT-PCR the various transcripts were undetectable in a panel of normal tissues and cell lines. Using quantitative RT-PCR (QRT-PCR), we could however detect minute amounts of the mRNAs in normal B-cells; the level was similar or slightly higher in good prognosis patients and much higher in poor prognosis patients. The expression level of the two major mRNAs was 24–50 fold higher in patients with unmutated Ig-genes compared to patients with somatic hypermutation (p<0.0001), and 20–30 fold higher in ZAP-70 positive patients compared to ZAP-70 negative patients (p<0.0001). The median time to treatment for patients with overexpression of the mRNAs (n=26) was 11 months compared to 104 months for patients with normal expression (n=31) (p=0.0005). The median overall survival for patients with overexpression was 97 months while patients with low expression had not reached a median overall survival at their last follow up (p=0.03). This prognostic power was comparable to that provided by mutational status, and stronger than that provided by ZAP-70 or CD38 expression. Finally, in 56 patients the gene dosage as defined in QRT-PCR was inversely proportional with time to treatment (p= 0.006). This novel gene therefore has several features that make it a candidate to be the first disease specific gene identified in CLL.
Hypomorphic Alleles of PU.1 Result in Impaired Myelopoiesis and Target Gene Expression. (2006)

Abstract PU.1 is an Ets-family transcription factor that is critical for normal hematopoiesis. Knock-out studies of PU.1 demonstrate that it is required for the development of myeloid and lymphoid cells. PU.1 is expressed at graded levels in the immune system, with higher expression in myeloid lineage cells. Previous research has suggested that differences in PU.1 concentration are involved in hematopoietic cell fate decisions. However, the mechanism by which target genes in developing cells sense and respond to different PU.1 concentrations is unknown. To address this question, we inserted a beta-lactamase reporter gene and a neomycin resistance cassette into the first coding exon of PU.1. Mice homozygous for the targeted allele (PU.1BN), and an allele in which neomycin was removed (PU.1BLAC), had graded reductions in PU.1 expression and function. PU.1BN/BN mice display a substantial reduction in fetal and neonatal myelopoiesis and are macrophage deficient, resulting in a failure of vascular regression in the developing eye. A fraction of these mice survive until weaning and have an accumulation of c-Kit-expressing immature myeloid cells in the spleen and bone marrow. In addition, these mice acquire a myelomonocytic infiltration in the retina and hyaloid vessels of the eye. Mice homozygous for the second allele (PU.1BLAC/BLAC) survive less than one week and have a severe reduction in PU.1 activity and a block to myeloid development. Fetal livers from both types of mice lack any discernable mature myeloid cells and demonstrate a graded reduction in colony forming ability. To determine if these two alleles have an effect on gene expression, we established IL-7-dependent pro-B cell lines or IL-3-dependent cell lines from these mice as well as from wild type or PU.1 null controls. We found that PU.1-dependent target genes in these cell lines are expressed in a graded manner. In particular, expression of the gene encoding the low-affinity IgG Fc receptor (FcγRIIb) is directly responsive to PU.1 activity. In summary, these results demonstrate the critical importance of an appropriate threshold of PU.1 activity for normal hematopoiesis. The hypomorphic PU.1 alleles provide an excellent model for determining the mechanism of graded PU.1 levels in hematopoiesis.
An X-ray Powder Diffraction Study of Sr2LnTaCu2O8, Ln = Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd (1996)

A series of oxides of the composition Sr2LnTaCu2O8, Ln = Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd has been prepared and characterized by X-ray powder diffraction. Samples are tetragonal, space group P4/mmm and isostructural with a perovskite-like phase Ba2LaTaCu2O8. The unit-cell parameters have been determined using Mo or Si as internal standard. The structure of Sr2SmTaCu2O8 has been refined by the Rietveld method. X-ray diffraction patterns of the samples and the crystal structure of Sr2SmTaCu2O8 showed ordering of Ta and Cu ions: the octahedrally coordinated Ta ion is on the Cu(1) site, while Cu ions remain on the Cu(2) sites of the Ba2YCu3O7−δ-type structure. (Powder Diffraction File Nos. 46–1490 for Sr/NdTaCu2O8, 46-1489 for Sr2SmTaCu2O8, 46-1488 for Sr2EuTaCu2O8 and 46-1487 for Sr2CdTaCu2O8.
How Influential Is the Duration of Contrast Material Bolus Injection in Perfusion CT? Evaluation in a Swine Model (2013)

Purpose To analyze the effect of the duration of contrast material bolus injection on perfusion values in a swine model by using the maximum slope method. Materials and Methods This study was approved by the institutional animal care committee. Twenty pigs (weight range, 63–77 kg) underwent dynamic volume computed tomography (CT) of the kidneys during suspended respiration. Before the CT examination, a miniature cuff-shaped ultrasonographic flow probe encircling the right renal artery was surgically implanted in each pig to obtain true perfusion values. Two sequential perfusion CT series were performed in 30 seconds, each comprising 30 volumes with identical parameters (100 kV, 200 mAs, 0.5 sec rotation time). The duration of contrast material bolus (0.5 mL/kg of body weight) was 3.8 seconds in the first series (short bolus series) and 11.5 seconds in the second series (long bolus series), and the injection flow rate was adapted accordingly. In each pig, cortical kidney volume was determined by using the volume with the highest cortical enhancement. CT perfusion values were calculated for both series by using the maximum slope method and were statistically compared and correlated with the true perfusion values from the flow probe by using linear regression analysis. Results Mean true perfusion and CT perfusion values (in minutes−1) for the short bolus series were 1.95 and 2.03, respectively (P = .22), and for the long bolus series, they were 2.02 and 1.92, respectively (P = .12). CT perfusion showed very good correlation with true perfusion in both the short (slope, 1.01; 95% confidence interval: 0.91, 1.11) and long (slope, 0.92; 95% confidence interval: 0.78, 1.04) series. On the basis of the regression analysis, CT perfusion values in the short bolus series were overestimated by 1% and those in the long bolus series were underestimated by 8%. Conclusion Duration of contrast material bolus injection does not influence CT perfusion values substantially. The longer, clinically preferred intravenous injection scheme is sufficiently accurate for CT perfusion. © RSNA, 2013
ChemInform Abstract: Construction of an Annulene Cycle Driven by Protonation‐Deprotonation Sequence: A Property of an Annulene‐Cycle As a Model of Proton Pump Cycle of Bacteriorhodopsin. (1982)

Abstract Das Annulen (I) ist thermisch instabil und lagert sich in die cis‐Verbindung (II) um, die ihrerseits in einer zweistufigen Reaktionsfolge in Gegenwart von Protonen wieder zu (I) isomerisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: Remote Asymmetric Induction in Diastereoface Selective Addition Reactions of Optically Active α‐Substituted β‐Silyl E‐ Hexenoates with Achiral α‐Alkoxy and α‐Alkoxy Acetals. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Two Gene Clusters Coordinate Galactose and Lactose Metabolism in Streptococcus gordonii (2012)

Streptococcus gordonii is an early colonizer of the human oral cavity and an abundant constituent of oral biofilms. Two tandemly arranged gene clusters, designated lac and gal, were identified in the S. gordonii DL1 genome, which encode genes of the tagatose pathway (lacABCD) and sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS) enzyme II permeases. Genes encoding a predicted phospho-β-galactosidase (LacG), a DeoR family transcriptional regulator (LacR), and a transcriptional antiterminator (LacT) were also present in the clusters. Growth and PTS assays supported that the permease designated EII(Lac) transports lactose and galactose, whereas EII(Gal) transports galactose. The expression of the gene for EII(Gal) was markedly upregulated in cells growing on galactose. Using promoter-cat fusions, a role for LacR in the regulation of the expressions of both gene clusters was demonstrated, and the gal cluster was also shown to be sensitive to repression by CcpA. The deletion of lacT caused an inability to grow on lactose, apparently because of its role in the regulation of the expression of the genes for EII(Lac), but had little effect on galactose utilization. S. gordonii maintained a selective advantage over Streptococcus mutans in a mixed-species competition assay, associated with its possession of a high-affinity galactose PTS, although S. mutans could persist better at low pHs. Collectively, these results support the concept that the galactose and lactose systems of S. gordonii are subject to complex regulation and that a high-affinity galactose PTS may be advantageous when S. gordonii is competing against the caries pathogen S. mutans in oral biofilms.
Rheumatoid pancarditis in a patient with well controlled rheumatoid arthritis. (1989)

Significant rheumatoid cardiac disease usually occurs in the presence of active extraarticular disease, high titer rheumatoid factor, and systemic vasculitis. We report a patient who died of severe, widespread intracardiac rheumatoid disease, with none of these hallmarks present. The inflammatory infiltrate was centered on the collagenous skeleton of the heart; such a predilection has not been previously reported.
Mineralogical characterization of urban construction and demolition waste: potential use as a nutrient source for degraded soils (2015)

The consumption of raw materials in the construction industry is a non-sustainable activity because in this process large amounts of natural resources are consumed. Moreover, Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) represents around 50% of waste produced in the urban region of world. For example, in the Medellin Metropolitan Area (MMA), 10,400 t.day -1 of CDW are produced, of which only 9.7% is recycled. It is for this reason that CDW management is currently unsustainable and generates significant adverse environmental impacts. It is today acknowledged that this waste can be used as a by-product material for the production of recycled coarse aggregate, showing industrial applicability. However, CDW with small particle sizes (less than 4 mm that represents around 16% of this waste), do not have applicability in these processes. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce CDW volume dumped. An alternative to the final disposal of finer CDW is to use it to improve the physical and chemical properties of degraded soils and improve vegetation and ecosystem services. This paper evaluated the potential use of CDW as a source of nutrients for degraded soils after it was submitted to bioacidulation process by Aspergillus niger and Mortierella sp. Insoluble minerals such as quartz, calcite, wollastonite, albite, anatase and actinolite were found in the CDW by mineralogical and chemical characterization www.witpress.com
Radiotherapy for Pediatric Brain Stem Glioma (1992)

AN ANALYSIS OF 39 patients under 20 years of age with brain stem glioma treated with radiotherapy between 1977 and 1991 was undertaken. Twenty-eight (71.2%) of the patients responded well to initial radiotherapy, and 11 (28.8%) responded poorly. Median survival for the total patient population was 10 months. Response rates and median survivals were influenced by radiation dose: 45.5% and 9 months at doses less than 4499 cGy (n = 11), 83.3% and 13 months at doses between 4500 and 5499 cGy (n = 12), 66.7% and 11.5 months at doses between 5500 and 6499 cGy (n = 9), and 100% and 10 months at doses more than 6500 cGy (n = 7). Multivariate analysis revealed the response to initial radiotherapy was the only predictor of survival with radiation doses up to 6499 cGy. Four of the patients who responded well demonstrated radiological and/or histological calcification within or around the tumor at the time of clinical deterioration. Radiation injury was confirmed in two autopsy cases. The possibility that intratumoral radiation injury causes clinical deterioration is suggested.
Lupus/Sjögren's autoantibody specificities in sera with paraproteins. (1987)

Antinuclear antibody and anti-RNA-protein autoantibodies were determined in 143 sera containing paraproteins and 39 control sera. Antinuclear antibodies were commonly present in the paraprotein sera by indirect immunofluorescence. 19 of 143 sera (13%) had elevated anti-Ro/SSA activity in a solid phase Ro/SSA binding assay, and 5 (3.5%) had Ro/SSA precipitating autoantibody. Eighteen sera had La/SSB binding autoantibodies (12%) but only one had an anti-La/SSB precipitin. Anti-nRNP(Sm) was not detected in any of these sera. The solid phase anti-RNA protein assays were repeated using anti-lambda and anti-kappa conjugates. Both lambda and kappa light chain autoantibodies were found in all positive sera consistent with polyclonal anti-Ro/SSA and anti-La/SSB responses. Paraprotein sera containing Ro/SSA precipitins were analyzed by isoelectric focusing followed by exposure to 125I-labeled Ro/SSA and autoradiography. All sera with anti-Ro/SSA binding paraproteins also contained polyclonal anti-Ro/SSA. Our data are consistent with the hypothesis that anti-Ro/SSA paraproteins are common and arise from a previously present polyclonal anti-Ro/SSA response.
ChemInform Abstract: FLAVONOIDS. XXXVII. RING CONTRACTION AND RING ENLARGEMENT REACTIONS WITH TRIMETHYLSILYL AZIDE IN THE FIELD OF FLAVONOIDS (1984)

Abstract Die Reaktion von Flavanon (IV) mit dem Azid (III) in TFA liefert die Produkte (I)+(II); in CH 2 Cl 2 in Gegenwart von SnCl 4 entsteht nur (II).