gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Science of Science (1965)

AbstractCan we use scientific methods to analyze the structure of science itself? With the article by Derek J. de Solla Price that follows, the Bulletin presents the second of six articles based upon the "Monday Lectures," a series of talks given at the University of Chicago in the spring of 1965 in the hope of initiating anew discussion on the nature of man, his place in the universe, and his biological, intellectual, and social potentialities. Dr. Price is professor of the history of science at Yale University and author of Science Since Babylon and Big Science, Little Science. The complete texts of the Monday Lectures are being published by the University of Chicago Press, under the title New Views of the Nature of Man.
Π (2011)

Extract The greater part of this rhapsody, telling of Patr.’s sortie and death, belongs to the first stratum of composition. There are several indications that it was laid down before the Embassy (72–3, 84–6 nn.) and before the Μ–Ο expansion (23–45, 71–2, 777–80 nn.). Where these later strata are presupposed, it seems that we have to do only with brief insertions made for particular reasons (27, 60–3, 369–71 + 377–83). I suspect several other passages of being secondary insertions, in a few cases (74–9, 158–65, 242–5) by a later rhapsode or rhapsodes but otherwise by P. His major addition is the Sarpedon episode, 394–683, in which the Μ–Ο expansion is presupposed (500, 508–31, 558 nn., cf. Christ 67); 152–4 and perhaps 326–9 were inserted at earlier points in preparation for it. The others are 145–7, 168–97, 268–77, 284–363, and 798–800. 1–4. Picking up from Ο 405. Cf. Ο intro. and 414–18 n. The usual arrival sequence is abandoned: we are not told what Ach. was doing when Patr. found him, and Patr.’s speechless tears replace his expected utterance, provoking Ach. to speak first.
Expression and regulation of HIF-1alpha in macrophages under inflammatory conditions; significant reduction of VEGF by CaMKII inhibitor (2010)

Expression of HIF-1 alpha and downstream effects in macrophages are regulated by ERK-, PI3K, but also by CaMKII pathways. Inhibition of HIF-1alpha protein expression and significant inhibition of VEGF production in macrophages was found using CaMKII inhibitors. This is an unknown but very interesting effect of the CaMKII inhibitor SMP-114, which has been in clinical trial as DMARD for the treatment of RA. This effect may contribute to the anti-arthritic effects of SMP-114.
A descriptive study to assess the drug adherence among bipolar affective disorder patients in a selected mental health care setting, Karnataka (2019)

A descriptive study was conducted among bipolar affective disorder patients in a selected mental health care setting, Karnataka. The main objective of the study was to assess the drug compliance among BPAD patients. The population included 50 BPAD patients aged between 20-59 years. Study was approved by institutional Ethics committee. Data was collected from October 2018 to November 2018 by employing convenient sampling method. Structured interview method was employed using socio demographic data sheet and Morisky 8 item medication adherence questionnaire. The result showed that Among 50 patients assessed 38 (76%) was found to be low adherent and 12 (24%) patients were found to be medium adherent. There was a statistically significant association between low adherence and low income (x2=6.15, P=0.01) results showed that the low income (<5000) patients were had low adherence with medication. The findings of the present revealed drug compliance among BPAD patients of the selected mental health care setting.
The Navy's Use of Digital Radio (1979)

Since the early 1960's, the Navy has utilized digital data links in support of their Tactical Communication, Command and Control Systems. Most of these systems continue to be used operationally. They include links 4, 11, and 14. These systems, however, lack the ability of combatting the anticipated electronic warfare threat as well as providing the performance required of a modern digital data system. Two new systems are in development that will improve performance as well as meet future threats. They are Fleet Satellite Communications and the Joint Tactical Information Distribution System. The demand of implementing new systems while retaining backward compatibility has suggested using an integrated architecture for the aircraft's communication system. The Tactical Information Exchange System is a communication's system design utilizing programmable multifunction signal processing components interconnected with a BUS architecture that may be the ultimate solution to the Military aircraft communication design problem.
Diazoxide enhances adipose tissue protein kinase B activation and glucose transporter-4 expression in obese Zucker rats. (2004)

Chronic suppression of hyperinsulinemia in obese Zucker rats improved intracellular insulin signaling and Glut-4 gene expression, corresponding to enhanced glucose uptake in isolated adipocytes. The discrepancy between adipose tissue Glut-4 mRNA and protein content in response to DZ treatment suggests post-transcriptional regulatory effects resulting from enhanced metabolic efficiency of insulin action.
Noncolocated Control of a Damped String Using Time Delay (1992)

Recent research studies noncolocated control of flexible mechanical systems using time delay. The developments are limited to undamped flexible systems; damped flexible systems have not been considered. This paper investigates noncolocated vibration control of a viscously damped string using time delay. The control system is formulated in the Laplace transform domain. Based on the understanding of the system eigenstructure, a modified Bode plot of the feedback controller is introduced in a design region. The Bode plot designed, along with a specific time delay in the feedback loop, proper sensor and actuator positions, and proper control gain, guarantees stabilization of vibration of the damped string.
A smart system for driver's fatigue detection, remote notification and semi-automatic parking of vehicles to prevent road accidents (2016)

Drowsy driving is one of the main reasons of road accidents. Different techniques have been reported in literature to detect driver's drowsiness, but almost all the prevailing systems only alert the driver if drowsiness is detected. Consequently, the drowsy driver continues driving, with a high risk of devastating accident. In this paper, we proposed and verified an EEG based system which not only alerts the driver by alarm, but also puts the vehicle in semiautomatic parking mode by controlling fuel supply if drowsiness is detected. At the same time, it reports nearby police station by SMS which contains necessary information to take essential steps locating the vehicle. Stored EEG signals, obtained with wireless wearable headsets from numerous subjects in different conditions by different research groups, were used in this work. Power spectrum analyses were carried out in MATLAB to determine the dominant frequency components in the brain signals. The slow wave to fast wave ratios of EEG activities were assessed for a number of epochs to determine driver's drowsiness. GPS and GSM modules were used with Arduino MEGA for tracking, remote notification and servomotor control. Performance of the proposed system was evaluated by stored data which confirmed its feasibility and reliability.
Key Exchange Protocol in Elliptic Curve Cryptography with No Public Point (2005)

In recent years some cryptographic algorithms have gained popularity due to properties that make them suitable for use in constrained environment like mobile information appliances, where computing resources and power availability are limited. One of these cryptosystems is Elliptic curve which requires less computational power, memory and communication bandwidth compared to other cryptosystem. This makes the elliptic curve cryptography to gain wide acceptance as an alternative to conventional cryptosystems (DSA, RSA, AES, etc.). All existing protocols for elliptic curve cryptosystems that are used for either key exchange or for ciphering, assume that the curve E, the field Fq and a point P on the curve are all public. In this research we propose a modified protocol for elliptic curve key exchange based on elliptic curve over rings, assuming that only the curve E and Fq are public, keeping the base point P secret, which make attacking the cryptosystem harder by the eavesdropper. Also we provide imbedded authentication, so our protocol does not suffer from the man in the middle attack.
Atherosclerosis and Responses of Human Isolated Coronary Arteries to Endothelium-Dependent and -Independent Vasodilators (1989)

In canine and porcine coronary arteries, experimental atherosclerosis (induced by endothelial denudation followed by a high-cholesterol diet) potentiates the vasoconstrictor effects of histamine, serotonin, and ergonovine. In isolated human atherosclerotic coronary arteries, only hypersensitivity to histamine has been demonstrated. This discrepancy could be due to several factors. First, the atherosclerotic lesions in human vessels are different from those observed in the animal, since experimental atherosclerosis often corresponds only to the early stage of the disease in humans. Second, the human atherosclerotic coronary arteries were isolated mainly from patients with cardiac failure, a condition that alters the responses of coronary smooth muscle to vasoactive amines. With regard to endothelium-dependent vasodilators, marked attenuations of the relaxations to substance P, bradykinin, and the Ca2+ ionophore A23187 have been described in isolated human atherosclerotic arteries. Acetylcholine elicits variable responses in these preparations and even if the arteries are devoid of atherosclerotic lesions, it often fails to relax them. In addition to this endothelial dysfunction, severely atherosclerotic human coronary vessels exhibit a slightly decreased responsiveness to nitroglycerin and SIN-1 but not to forskolin. Another abnormality of the smooth muscle is a marked attenuated beta-adrenergic relaxation. Thus, atherosclerosis of human coronary vessels induces not only marked alterations in endothelium-dependent responses but also modifies the sensitivity to several endothelium-independent vasodilators.
The<i>Gsh2</i>homeodomain gene controls multiple aspects of telencephalic development (2000)

Homeobox genes have recently been demonstrated to be important for the proper patterning of the mammalian telencephalon. One of these genes is Gsh2, whose expression in the forebrain is restricted to the ventral domain. In this study, we demonstrate that Gsh2 is a downstream target of sonic hedgehog and that lack of Gsh2 results in profound defects in telencephalic development. Gsh2 mutants have a significant decrease in the expression of numerous genes that mark early development of the lateral ganglionic eminence, the striatal anlage. Accompanying this early loss of patterning genes is an initial expansion of dorsal telencephalic markers across the cortical-striatal boundary into the lateral ganglionic eminence. Interestingly, as development proceeds, there is compensation for this early loss of markers that is coincident with a molecular re-establishment of the cortical-striatal boundary. Despite this compensation, there is a defect in the development of distinct subpopulations of striatal neurons. Moreover, while our analysis suggests that the migration of the ventrally derived interneurons to the developing cerebral cortex is not significantly affected in Gsh2 mutants, there is a distinct delay in the appearance of GABAergic interneurons in the olfactory bulb. Taken together, our data support a model in which Gsh2, in response to sonic hedgehog signaling, plays a crucial role in multiple aspects of telencephalic development.
<title>Exponential growth rate of Dempster-Shafer belief functions</title> (1992)

In this paper we discuss some topics of knowledge representation for reasoning under uncertainty in belief network-based systems. In particular, we will examine the seemly obvious but unduly overlooked phenomenon that belief functions can grow at an exponential rate when using Dempster's rule of combination, which often results in belief computations being done in nearly worst cases. This problem has severe practical consequences for the development of belief network-based systems in applications domains where the knowledge structure determines a dense belief network with high degrees of node linkage and especially with large clusterings of belief functions. Empirical evidence suggests that belief networks for some types of problem domain like classification tend to be very dense. Despite the development of efficient local computation schemes for belief propagation in general Dempster-Shafer belief networks, it can be concluded that the actual applicability of belief networks is limited subject to the knowledge structure of the problem domain under consideration.
Obstetric complications and anxiety during pregnancy: is there a relationship? (2003)

This review examines the contribution of recent research into the effects of anxiety during pregnancy. The focus of interest is upon the process of labor and delivery rather than its timing or the size of the baby. Therefore studies directed at areas of prematurity or low birthweight are specifically excluded as these have already been well evaluated in the literature. It is known that one proximal cause of obstetric complications is increased hormone levels in the uterus. It seems likely therefore that anxiety, a form of arousal, known to influence hormone levels, may be implicated as a distal determinant of obstetric complications. Attempts to evaluate this hypothesis have been hampered by methodological issues such as: poor definition and measurement of obstetric outcomes, in particular utilizing composite measures of diverse components; inappropriate measurements or over broad conceptualizations of anxiety; failure to account for confounding variables and inadequate sample sizes. On balance the evidence reviewed suggests that a general association between anxiety and obstetric complications per se does not exist, but specific types of anxiety, such as psychosocial stress, family functioning, or fear of childbirth may have associations with specific complications, such as prolonged labor or Cesarean section. Recent studies considering the effect of fear of childbirth, for example, on specific obstetric outcomes, such as type of delivery, have produced more clear-cut relationships. Recommendations for future research into the relationships between specific combinations of types of anxiety and individual obstetric complications are discussed.
Brain abscess caused by Salmonella enterica subspecies houtenae in a patient with chronic granulomatous disease. (2003)

A 44-month-old boy with chronic granulomatous disease has been suffering from fever and skin rash for 7 days prior to admission. The blood culture obtained on admission revealed Salmonella enterica subspecies houtenae. He received intravenous ceftriaxone therapy during his hospital stay and oral cefixime after discharge. Unfortunately, the same symptoms recurred 2 weeks after discontinuing cefixime and the culture from the aspirate of a skin nodule yielded the same microorganism again. He received intravenous ceftriaxone therapy after readmission and became afebrile 3 days later. However, focal seizure was noted on the 14th day of hospitalization. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple brain abscesses, and electroencephalogram showed epileptiform activity. The intravenous antimicrobial agents were continued for a total of 84 days and interferon-gamma was administered as adjunctive therapy. Finally, he recovered from brain abscesses without any neurologic sequel. It is suggested that an extended course of antimicrobial treatment is necessary for chronic granulomatous disease with pyogenic infection because of the defective intracellular killing ability.
The interdependence of staff and patient doses in interventional radiology. (1997)

Staff doses arising from the use of X-rays are principally due to scattered radiation. This is related to the dose received by the patient expressed as the dose-area product (DAP). Doses to patients in interventional radiology are generally higher than for other fluoroscopically guided procedures. Doses to interventional radiologists are, therefore, amongst the highest associated with the use of diagnostic X-rays. The results of staff dose monitoring normalized to DAP should provide an indicator of those procedures which are associated with particularly high radiation exposures to staff, and should help to identify those radiologists whose practice may result in unnecessarily high doses to themselves. A study has been made of patient doses in two X-ray rooms used for interventional procedures associated with vascular and liver diseases. Doses to radiologists in these rooms were normalized to DAP. It was found that the average doses to the body, neck and hands were 0.05, 0.89 and 2.45 microSv/(Gy cm2), respectively for those radiologists with no significant involvement in hepatobiliary procedures. Higher doses were found for one radiologist whose workload included biliary drainage. The whole body dose was 0.17 microSv/(Gy cm2) or 5.8 mSv per year. It was shown that the doses to the neck and hands for the biliary drainage work was 6.59 and 29.0 microSv/(Gy cm2), respectively. This study has demonstrated the value of DAP as a measure of radiologist workload in respect of its significance in terms of staff dose.
Oxygen toxicity in the newborn. The effect of prolonged 100 per cent O2 exposure on the lungs of newborn mice. (1975)

A comprhensive morphologic study of pulmonary oxygen toxicity was undertaken on 78 newborn mice of a single, highly inbred strain continuously exposed to 100 per cent oxygen at normal atmospheric pressure for 7 days. The survival rate was 95 per cent through the first 4 days and 75 per cent through the 7th day. Our findings indicate that response to continuous exposure to 100 per cent oxygen can be divided arbitrarily during the first 7 days into three different phases. During the first, or acute toxic, phase (which generally extends into the 3rd day of exposure), mechanisms, probably adaptive in nature, are sufficiently developed in some of the newborn animals to permit them to survive a continuous 7-day exposure. The acute toxic phase is followed by the critical, high mortality phase, which lasts 3 to 4 days. During this phase, which can be subdivided into a continuum of several stages, the changes seen in the initial, acute toxic phase may progress to more pronouced injury. If the injury is severe, massive pulmonary edema and hemorrhage occur, accounting probably for the deaths of most of the animals in previous similar experimental studies and of 25 per cent of our animals by the 7th day. The second stage of this high mortality phase, being more clearly reactive, consists of a progression of reactive mitochondrial changes, proliferation of granular pneumocytes, and a return to normal of the features of the membranous pneumocytes. The beginning of the third phase, the chronic injury and repair phase, is characterized by the appearance of fibroblasts and a concomitant moderate increase in the amount of collagen.
Impression cytology. (1988)

Impression cytology refers to the application of cellulose acetate filter material to the ocular surface to remove the superficial layers of the conjunctival epithelium. Impression cytology has been found to be useful in assessing the ocular surface in various dry eye disorders, such as keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), cicatricial ocular pemphigoid, and vitamin A deficiency. The technique is noninvasive, is easy to perform, causes minimal discomfort to the patient, and can be used to follow changes in the conjunctival ocular surface over time. With this method, the morphology of the conjunctival ocular surface can be studied and the degree of squamous metaplasia assessed. A specific criteria based on the appearance of the epithelial cells and the density of the goblet cells can be used to assign a grade (0-3) to the ocular surface. The grade of the ocular surface is related to the degree of squamous metaplasia and usually parallels the severity of clinical disease. Impression cytology can also be used to differentiate between various dry eye disorders. Disorders that are extrinsic or environmental (such as KCS) often affect the exposed interpalpebral ocular surface before the more protected inferior palpebral ocular surface. Intrinsic surface disorders (such as ocular pemphigoid) affect the palpebral, as well as the bulbar ocular surfaces, early in the disease.
Application of a novel bleach activator to low temperature bleaching of raw cotton fabrics (2014)

A novel activator sodium 4-(2-decanoyloxyethoxycarbonyloxy) benzene sulfonate, whose chemical structure is similar to that of the widely studied activator nonanoyloxybenzene sulfonate was found to be effective for the peroxide bleaching of raw cotton fabrics at low temperatures. The variables affecting bleaching effects were discussed. Temperature showed the greatest impact on the activated bleaching and raising temperature was accompanied with a substantial increase in whiteness. The bleaching performance of the activation system was compared with that of conventional peroxide bleaching. The results indicated that the activated bleaching could provide cotton fabrics with competitive whiteness, wettability, and dyeability. Thus, the novel activating system can be applied to the low-temperature bleaching of cellulosic fibers with a great benefit of energy saving.
A CORBA-Based Object Framework with Patient Identification Translation and Dynamic Linking (1999)

Exchanging and integration of patient data across heterogeneous databases and institutional boundaries offers many problems. We focused on two issues: (1) how to identify identical patients between different systems and institutions while lacking universal patient identifiers; and (2) how to link patient data across heterogeneous databases and institutional boundaries. To solve these problems, we created a patient identification (ID) translation model and a dynamic linking method in the Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) environment. The algorithm for the patient ID translation is based on patient attribute matching plus computer-based human checking; the method for dynamic linking is temporal mapping. By implementing these methods into computer systems with help of the distributed object computing technology, we built a prototype of a CORBA-based object framework in which the patient ID translation and dynamic linking methods were embedded. Our experiments with a Web-based user interface using the object framework and dynamic linking-through the object framework were successful. These methods are important for exchanging and integrating patient data across heterogeneous databases and institutional boundaries.
LII. A new drop-weight method for the comparison of surface tensions (1948)

Abstract It is shown by dimensional analysis that in the Harkins and Brown drop-weight method of surface- tension determination, the correction factor is a function only of the shape of the unstable drop, provided that when drops are similar in shape at the unstable stage equal fractions of the whole drop become detached. A drop-weight method has been worked out in which the usual flat tip of definite radius is replaced by an inverted cone. It is shown theoretically that all unstable drops hanging from such a cone are similar in shape, and surface-tension determinations may be carried out by this method provided that the cone is calibrated by means of a liquid of known surface tension. The conical-tip method does not require the use of correction factors, and it gives results which are in close agreement with those obtained by the method of Harkins and Brown.