gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Engineering Financial Enterprise Content Management Services (2010)

The demand is increasing to replace the current cost ineffective and bad time-to-market hardcopy publishing and delivery of content in the financial world. Financial Enterprise Content Management Services (FECMS) have been deployed in intra-enterprises and over the Internet to network with customers. This paper presents Web service technologies that enable a unified scalable FECMS framework for intra-enterprise content flow and inter-enterprise interactions, combining existing sub-systems and disparate business functions. Additionally, the authors demonstrate the key privacy and access control policies for internal content flow management (such as content editing, approval, and usage) as well as external access control for the Web portal and institutional programmatic users. Through the modular design of an integrated FECMS, this research illustrates how to systematically specify privacy and access control policies in each part of the system with Enterprise Privacy Authorization Language (EPAL). Finally, a case study in an international banking enterprise demonstrates how both integration and control can be achieved.
Discovery of Diaryl Imidazolidin-2-one Derivatives, a Novel Class of Muscarinic M3 Selective Antagonists (Part 1) (2007)

Pharmacophore-based structural identification, synthesis, and structure-activity relationships of a new class of muscarinic M3 receptor antagonists, the diaryl imidazolidin-2-one derivatives, are described. The versatility of the discovered scaffold allowed for several structural modifications that resulted in the discovery of two distinct classes of compounds, specifically a class of tertiary amine derivatives (potentially useful for the treatment of overactive bladder by oral administration) and a class of quaternary ammonium salt derivatives (potentially useful for the treatment of respiratory diseases by the inhalation route of administration). In this paper, we describe the synthesis and biological activity of tertiary amine derivatives. For these compounds, selectivity for the M3 receptor toward the M2 receptor was crucial, because the M2 receptor subtype is mainly responsible for adverse systemic side effects of currently marketed muscarinic antagonists. Compound 50 showed the highest selectivity versus M2 receptor, with binding affinity for M3 receptor Ki = 4.8 nM and for M2 receptor Ki = 1141 nM. Functional in vitro studies on selected compounds confirmed the antagonist activity toward the M3 receptor and functional selectivity toward the M2 receptor.
Large-scale Monolithic Integration Enabling Terabit Transmitters and Receiver Chips in a Coherent Super-channel Architecture (2012)

In this talk, we review InP-based, 10 wavelength, polarization-multiplexed quadrature phase-shift keying (PM-QPSK) transmitter and receiver photonic integrated circuits (PICs) that enable terabit coherent super-channel architecture.
Scramjet Integration on Hypersonic Research firplane Concepts (1977)

Several rocket-boosted research airplane concepts were evaluated with a research scramjet engine to determine their potential to provide research on critical aspects of airframe-integrated hypersonic systems. Extensive calculations to determine the force and moment contributions of the scramjet inlet, combustor, nozzle, and airframe were conducted to evaluate the overall performance of the combined engine/airframe system at hypersonic speeds. Results of both wind-tunnel tests and analysis indicate that it is possible to develop a research airplane configuration that will cruise at hypersonic speed on scramjet power alone, and will also have acceptable low-speed aerodynamic characteristics for landing.
The Lobular Architecture of the Normal Human Pancreas (1997)

Tissue specimens of the normal pancreata from three adult patients were subjected to serial sectioning and computer-assisted three-dimensional reconstruction of the lobules, blood vessels, pancreatic ducts, and islets, to establish the anatomical relation among these structures. Most lobules, although more or less imperfectly demarcated by septa, were found to receive a single duct (lobular duct), justifying their definition as “glandular lobules.” However, there were also lobules receiving not only a lobular duct of their own but a small accessory duct from a neighboring lobule. On the other hand, these lobules were shown not to correspond to the territories of arterial supply, leaving no ground for defining them as “vascular lobules.”
Identification of the genomic mutation in<i>Epha4</i><sup><i>rb-2J/rb-2J</i></sup>mice (2016)

The EphA4 receptor tyrosine kinase is involved in numerous cell-signalling activities during embryonic development. EphA4 has the ability to bind to both types of ephrin ligands, the ephrinAs and ephrinBs. The C57BL/6J-Epha4rb-2J/GrsrJ strain, denoted Epha4(rb-2J/rb-2J), is a spontaneous mouse mutant that arose at The Jackson Laboratory. These mutants exhibited a synchronous hind limb locomotion defect or "hopping gait" phenotype, which is also characteristic of EphA4 null mice. Genetic complementation experiments suggested that Epha4(rb-2J) corresponds to an allele of EphA4, but details of the genomic defect in this mouse mutant are currently unavailable. We found a single base-pair deletion in exon 9 resulting in a frame shift mutation that subsequently resulted in a premature stop codon. Analysis of the predicted structure of the truncated protein suggests that both the kinase and sterile α motif (SAM) domains are absent. Definitive determination of genotype is needed for experimental studies of mice carrying the Epha4(rb-2J) allele, and we have also developed a method to ease detection of the mutation through RFLP. Eph-ephrin family members are reportedly expressed as numerous isoforms. Hence, delineation of the specific mutation in EphA4 in this strain is important for further functional studies, such as protein-protein interactions, immunostaining and gene compensatory studies, investigating the mechanism underlying the effects of altered function of Eph family of receptor tyrosine kinases on phenotype.
OPLE (2015)

In this article, a heuristic custom instruction (CI) selection algorithm is presented. The proposed algorithm, which is called OPLE for “Optimization based on Partitioning and Local Exploration,” uses a combination of greedy and optimal optimization methods. It searches for the near-optimal solution by reducing the search space based on partitioning the identified CI set. The partitioning of the identified set guarantees the success of the algorithm independent of the size of the identified set. First, the algorithm finds the near-optimal CIs from the candidate CIs for each part. Next, the suggested CIs from different parts are combined to determine the final selected CI set. To improve the set of the selected CIs, the solution is evolved by calling the algorithm iteratively. The efficacy of the algorithm is assessed by comparing its performance to those of optimal and nonoptimal methods. A comparative study is performed for a number of benchmarks under different area budgets and I/O constraints. The results reveal higher speedups for the OPLE algorithm, especially for larger identified candidate sets and/or small area budgets compared to those of the nonoptimal solutions. Compared to the nonoptimal techniques, the proposed algorithm provides 30% higher speedup improvement on average. The maximum improvement is 117%. The results also demonstrate that in many cases OPLE is able to find the optimal solution.
Endocarditis After Acute Q Fever in Patients with Previously Undiagnosed Valvulopathies (2006)

We describe 3 cases of endocarditis after acute Q fever in 3 patients with clinically silent, undiagnosed valvulopathies, including mitral valve prolapse, minimal valvular leak, and biscuspid aortic valve. We conclude that, to prevent endocarditis, these minor valvulopathies must be actively searched for with echocardiography after diagnosis of acute Q fever.
Introduction to Creating Opportunities: A Vision for the Future (2017)

We are pleased to present the Creating Opportunities: A Vision for the Future Special Issue of the Osgoode Hall Law Journal. The topics that make up this Special Issue were originally presented at the Creating Opportunities Summit held at Osgoode Hall Law School on 26-27 January 2017. The Summit explored challenges and opportunities regarding local, regional, and national economic development in Canada. Participants learned about strategies, initiatives, and policies that create the conditions for economic success as well as the indirect effects on a range of communities, with a particular focus on those that are disadvantaged and underserved.
Compact modeling of spin-transport parameters in semiconducting channels in non-local spin-torque devices (2012)

In this paper, compact semi-empirical models of spin-transport parameters in Si and GaAs as a function of doping concentration, temperature, and size effects are developed. It is found that the room-temperature spin-relaxation length, Ls, in n-type Si degrades from ~5 μm at low doping levels to <;1 μm for a doping level of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">19</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> . On the other hand, Ls is ~ 0.5 μm in GaAs at R.T., and it is independent of doping concentration but it degrades as 1/T, where T is the lattice temperature. Using the models of spin-transport parameters, the spin injection and transport efficiency (SITE) in non-local spin-torque (NLST) devices is quantified. It is found that there is an optimal doping concentration in Si that maximizes SITE. In the case of GaAs, SITE improves with increasing doping concentration due to the reduction in the resistivity with doping. The compact spin-transport models developed in this work can be used to estimate the performance and the energy dissipation of the NLST logic.
Iron chelation regulates cyclin D1 expression via the proteasome: a link to iron deficiency–mediated growth suppression (2006)

Iron (Fe) plays an important role in proliferation, and Fe deficiency results in G(1)/S arrest. Despite this, the precise role of Fe in cell-cycle control remains unclear. Cyclin D1 plays a critical function in G(1) progression by interacting with cyclin-dependent kinases. Previously, we examined the effect of Fe depletion on the expression of cell-cycle control molecules and identified a marked decrease in cyclin D1 protein, although the mechanism involved was unknown. In this study, we showed that cyclin D1 was regulated posttranscriptionally by Fe depletion. Iron chelation of cells in culture using desferrioxamine (DFO) or 2-hydroxy-1-naphthylaldehyde isonicotinoyl hydrazone (311) decreased cyclin D1 protein levels after 14 hours and was rescued by the addition of Fe. Cyclin D1 half-life in control cells was 80 +/- 15 minutes (n = 5), while in chelator-treated cells it was significantly (P < .008) decreased to 38 +/- 3 minutes (n = 5). Proteasomal inhibitors rescued the Fe chelator-mediated decrease in cyclin D1 protein, suggesting the role of the proteasome. In Fe-replete cells, cyclin D1 was degraded in an ubiquitin-dependent manner, while Fe depletion induced a ubiquitin-independent pathway. This is the first report linking Fe depletion-mediated growth suppression at G(1)/S to a mechanism inducing cyclin D1 proteolysis.
Wind-tunnel measurements of ignition delay using shock-induced combustion. (1967)

Abstract : Shock-induced combustion of fuel-air mixtures in a pebble bed-heated wind tunnel was utilized to obtain values of induction time, permitting an evaluation of the importance of certain kinetic parameters and qualitative evaluation of the effect of small contamination levels. Fuels tested were hydrogen, ethylene, acetylene, propane, and methane. Certain tools of research commonly used with shock tubes were adapted for these measurements. In particular, a traveling monochromator was used to observe the distribution of characteristic emissions and a traveling OH absorption apparatus indicated OH radical densities, both in the flame zone and in the induction zone. Other necessary measurements, both upstream and downstream of the shock, included static and impact pressures, Mach number, fuel concentration, and stagnation temperature. The usual kinetics calculation with time as the independent variable was modified to predict the streamwise distribution of chemical species behind the shock, in the presence of velocity, temperature and pressure gradients, as well as various ambient densities of OH radicals. The latter may be caused by the dissociation of very small amounts of water vapor, or by a partial reaction between the fuel jet and air, without exothermic effects. (Author)
14 MeV neutron-induced SEU in SRAM devices (2004)

In this paper we explore the sensitivity of commercial static random-access memory devices to 14 MeV neutrons. The effects on bulk technologies are investigated as a function of supply voltage and angle of incidence. Monte Carlo simulations of nuclear interactions with device architecture are used for comparison with experimental data. This simulation analysis allows us to determine the key parameters of the device sensitivity as a function of the technology integration.
Abstract 211: The DPP-4 Inhibitor Linagliptan Reverses Endothelial Dysfunction of Mesenteric Arteries From Rats Fed a Western Diet (2014)

A high-fat ‘western’ diet (WD), a risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes, may cause endothelial dysfunction one of the earliest events in atherogenesis. The dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are used to lower hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes which is also associated with endothelial dysfunction. We tested whether consumption of a WD affected endothelium-dependent relaxation (EDR) of rat mesenteric arteries (MA) and whether the DPP-4 inhibitor linagliptin (1μM) improves EDR. Wistar Hooded rats were fed a standard diet (SD, 7% total fat) or WD (21% total fat) for 10 weeks. Consumption of the WD significantly increased superoxide release from MA assayed by lucigenin chemiluminescence (WD 1210±180 counts/mg versus SD 543±156 counts/mg, n=7-8, p<0.05) and linagliptin significantly reduced the vascular superoxide release (WD+linagliptin 432±102 counts/mg, p<0.05). Acetylcholine (ACh)-induced endothelium-dependent relaxation of MA was assessed using wire myography. WD significantly reduced the sensitivity to ACh (pEC50, SD 7.72±0.08, WD, 7.32±0.05 n=8, p<0.05) and treatment with linagliptin improved endothelial function (ACh pEC50 WD+linagliptin, 7.74±0.12, n=8, p<0.05). The contribution of EDHF to ACh-induced relaxation was determined in the presence of L-NNA and ODQ to block NOS and guanylate cyclase. EDHF-mediated relaxation was improved by linagliptin (pEC50, WD 6.24±0.06, WD+linagliptin 6.95±0.12, n=4-5, p<0.05). Linagliptin also significantly improved the contribution of NO (determined in the presence of TRAM-34 + apamin to block IKCa and SKCa) to relaxation (pEC50, WD 6.50±0.13, WD+linagliptin 7.30±0.10 n=4-6, p<0.05). Linagliptin significantly reduced vascular superoxide levels and improved the contribution of both NO and EDHF to preserve endothelium-dependent relaxation in rats fed a high fat diet. DPP-4 inhibition may have effects in addition to the lowering of plasma glucose to improve vascular function in diabetes.
Flow-Induced Arterial Remodeling Relates to Endothelial Function in the Human Forearm (2008)

A sustained increase in blood flow in the ulnar artery induced outward arterial remodeling despite the presence of risk factors and coronary artery disease. The remodeling response was related to endothelial phenotype, as reflected by flow-mediated dilation and expression of P-selectin. These findings provide evidence that the endothelium plays an important role in the regulation of vascular structure in humans.
CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides and Interleukin-12 Improve the Efficacy of<i>Mycobacterium bovis</i>BCG Vaccination in Mice Challenged with<i>M. tuberculosis</i> (2000)

Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the only vaccine approved for prevention of tuberculosis. It has been postulated that serial passage of BCG over the years may have resulted in attenuation of its effectiveness. Because interleukin-12 (IL-12) and oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) containing cytidine phosphate guanosine (CpG) motifs have been shown to enhance Th1 responses in vivo, they were chosen as adjuvants to increase the effectiveness of BCG vaccination. In this report, mice were vaccinated with BCG with or without IL-12 or CpG ODN and then challenged 6 weeks later via the aerosol route with the Erdman strain of M. tuberculosis. Mice vaccinated with BCG alone showed a 1- to 2-log reduction in bacterial load compared with control mice that did not receive any vaccination prior to M. tuberculosis challenge. Moreover, the bacterial loads of mice vaccinated with BCG plus IL-12 or CpG ODN were a further two- to fivefold lower than those of mice vaccinated with BCG alone. As an immune correlate, the antigen-specific production IFN-gamma and mRNA expression in spleen cells prior to challenge were evaluated. Mice vaccinated with BCG plus IL-12 or CpG ODN showed enhanced production of IFN-gamma compared with mice vaccinated with BCG alone. Finally, granulomas in BCG-vaccinated mice were smaller and more lymphocyte rich than those in unvaccinated mice; however, the addition of IL-12 or CpG ODN to BCG vaccination did not alter granuloma formation or result in added pulmonary damage. These observations support a role for immune adjuvants given with BCG vaccination to enhance its biologic efficacy.
Changes in functional behavior of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>93</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Pb</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Mg</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>∕</mml:mo><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Nb</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mo>∕</mml:mo><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mtext>−</mml:mtext><mml:mn>7</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Pb</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Ti</mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>thin films induced by ac electric fields (2006)

The dielectric properties of $\mathrm{Au}∕[93%\mathrm{Pb}({\mathrm{Mg}}_{1∕3}{\mathrm{Nb}}_{2∕3}){\mathrm{O}}_{3}\text{\ensuremath{-}}7%\mathrm{Pb}\mathrm{Ti}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}]$ $(\mathrm{PMN}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{PT})∕({\mathrm{La}}_{0.5}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{0.5})\mathrm{Co}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}∕\mathrm{Mg}\mathrm{O}$ thin-film capacitor heterostructures, made using pulsed laser deposition, have been investigated, with particular emphasis on the changes in response associated with increasing the magnitude of the ac measuring field. It was found that increasing the ac field caused a change in the frequency spectrum of relaxators, increasing the speed of response of ``slow'' relaxators, with an associated decrease in the freezing temperature $({T}_{f})$ of the relaxor system; in addition, other characteristic parameters relating to polar relaxation (activation energy ${E}_{a}$ and attempt frequency $1∕{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{0}$), described by fitting of the dielectric response to a Vogel-Fulcher expression, were found to change continuously as ac field levels were increased.
Distinct expression patterns of the immunogenic differentiation antigen NY‐BR‐1 in normal breast, testis and their malignant counterparts (2007)

NY-BR-1 is a differentiation antigen and a potential target for cancer immunotherapy. Its mRNA expression is restricted to breast, testis, prostate and breast cancer by RT-PCR. In this study, we correlated NY-BR-1 protein and mRNA expression on tissue microarrays of mammary, prostatic and testicular malignancies using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization with probes for exon 4-7 and 30-33. NY-BR-1 mRNA was confined to primary spermatocytes, suggesting a role in spermatogenesis. Exon 4-7 and 30-33 were equally expressed this cell type. However, NY-BR-1 was absent in all germ cell tumours analyzed (n = 475) and present in one of 56 (2%) prostate carcinomas. In breast, NY-BR-1 mRNA expression was detected in 307 of 442 (70%) primary carcinomas, with strong correlation to its protein expression (p < 0.0001). mRNA expression was significantly stronger and more frequently detected by the exon 30-33 probe than by the exon 4-7 probe (70% vs. 35%, p < 0.0001), indicating the presence of alternative splice variants that lack 5-prime sequences. A similar restricted mRNA pattern was also observed in the normal breast epithelium. NY-BR-1 protein and mRNA correlated significantly with estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha) protein expression (p < 0.0001), with stronger association to NY-BR-1 mRNA than protein (odds ratio 7.7 compared to 4.6). We identified 4 estrogen response elements (ERE)-like sequences nearby the promoter region, suggesting that NY-BR-1 transcription might be controlled by ER alpha. Accordingly, analysis of matching pairs of primary tumors with their recurrences showed a marked decrease of NY-BR-1 expression in recurrences after tamoxifen treatment (p < 0.0001).
An Evidence Based Process Facilitating Engineering Education and Innovation in the Field of Turbomachinery (2019)

Abstract A confluence of disruptive trends in the energy industry is creating an imperative for providers as well as all companies throughout the value-chain to innovate. Due to the physical and intellectual proximity of universities to cutting edge technology development universities are at the epicenter for the next generation of energy innovation and innovators. However, through traditional disciplinary coursework and research activities, today’s engineering faculty and students do not gain the skills to be effective innovators and advance their inventions from the lab to the market. As a result, new methods of education and training is required to meet the energy innovation imperative. The National Science Foundation Innovation Corps (I-Corps) program, which aims to develop critical innovator skills while aiding in the process of developing innovations that have potential to solve a market-based problems. The program is an intense workshop with the goal to develop a scalable business model around the invention by “getting out of the building” and conducting more than 100 interviews with potential customers and other key stakeholders to test hypotheses related to problems and value propositions. The evidence from those interviews is used to validate or invalidate hypotheses about the business model. The present paper examines the I-Corps program as an evidence-based process to facilitate engineering education and innovation in the field of turbomachinery. Utilizing a case study approach, we analyze the experiences of PDCC Technologies, a university based startup trying to commercialize a high temperature material as a potential component of gas turbine engines. The journey through the program including key “aha” moments and lessons learned is retold based on the specific example. The paper concludes with a summary of value for students and faculty and remarks on the improvement of the engineering program itself.