gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Changes in the mucosal expression of interleukin 15 in Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis (1999)

Transcripts for interleukin (IL) 15 were detected in the gastric mucosal samples of 5/5 (100%) patients with no evidence of Helicobacter pylori infection and in 4/14 (28%) H. pylori-infected patients (P<0.05). Both IL-15 mRNA and IL-15 protein were detected in 1/6 (17%) patients who successfully underwent H. pylori eradication therapy, before treatment and in 5/6 (83%) cases after eradication. Even though a parallel significant (P<0.03) improvement of gastritis score occurred after eradication, the severity of gastritis did not differ according to the mucosal IL-15 expression among H. pylori-infected patients, irrespective of the CagA serology. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that transcripts for IL-15 are expressed in the human gastric mucosa. Changes occurring during H. pylori colonisation and after eradication raise the hypothesis that H. pylori may down-regulate IL-15 expression in the gastric mucosa.
Cannabinoids and zebrafish (2013)

Cannabinoids are a group of terpenophenolic compounds and are naturally found in the cannabis plant (Cannabis sativa L). _9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (_9-THC) is the psychoactive cannabinoid. The high lipophilicity of _9-THC is a hindering factor in the further development of this compound into a large scale pharmaceutical product. In an effort to generate highly polar derivatives of _9-THC, we screened 206 alkane degrading bacterial strains. In total, eight derivatives were produced on milligram. All of these biotransformation products harbored modified alkyl chains, with hydroxy, carboxy and ester functionalities. We also investigated the potential of cell suspension culture of Catharanthus Roseus to transform _9-THC. Unlike bacterial strains, Catharanthus Roseus cells transformed _9-THC to its glycosylated and additionally hydroxylated derivatives. The behavioral effects of __9-THC are mediated by the centra l CB1 receptor in rats. CB1 receptors show high degree of sequence conservation in vertebrates. We used zebrafish embryos as a model to study the behavioral effects of cannabinoids. We conclude that cannabinoids have behavioural effects in zebrafish that are comparable to some of those reported in the literature for mammals. In particular, the acute exposure response resembles behavioural effects reported for adult. This suggests that some similarity in cannabinoid response pathways between zebrafish and mammals exists. We also performed the metabolomic profiling of zebrafish embryos treated with the concentrations of CB1 agonist and antagonist used in behavioural assays. The results of behavioural assays were successfully correlated with the metabolomic data of zebrafish embryos.
An optimal control problem for a Wiener process with random infinitesimal mean (2019)

ABSTRACT: We consider a stochastic optimal control problem for one-dimensional diffusion processes with random infinitesimal mean and variance that depend on a continuoustime Markov chain. The process is controlled until it reaches either end of an interval. The aim is to minimize the expected value of a cost criterion with quadratic control costs on the way and a final cost. A particular case with a Wiener process will be treated in detail. Approximate and numerical solutions will be presented.
The Case of the Resurgent Case (2002)

The article discusses various papers on case teaching. Many are doleful at the diminution of case teaching as a cornerstone of American management education. Cases are, after all, the zenith of deductive learning inasmuch as they supply complex situations upon which specifics furnish a springboard for generalities, complete with a glimpse into the untidy human and operational factors that are the rule in organizational life, not the exception. In this way, cases imbue a pedagogically structured experience based upon which sound practice is built. Law schools have been well served by them, as have medical schools, where residencies represent clinical encounters the equivalent of cases. There is no question that business schools are responding to calls for value added with amplified use of internships, practicum, experiential exercises and, yes, cases. If cases are an efficacious means to deliver a practitioner component of professional education, their diminishing use is questionable. That question is too complex to take on.
CIRCULATORY RESPONSES TO CHANGE FROM RECUMBENT TO ERECT POSTURE AS AN INDEX OE HEAT STRESS (1959)

Abstract Experiments are described in which Crampton Index values, derived from measurements of blood pressure and pulse rate following on change in posture, have boon related to conditions of environmental heat and to the thermal sensations of rosting and working subjects, Experimental ovidonoe is given which indicates that changes in the Crampton Index may be of value in defining individual reactions to increasing environmental heat.
Pd Cluster Nanowires as Highly Efficient Catalysts for Selective Hydrogenation Reactions (2012)

Palladium is a key catalyst invaluable to many industrial processes and fine-chemical synthesis. Although recent progress has allowed the synthesis of Pd nanoparticles with various shapes by using different techniques, the facile synthesis of Pd nanocrystals and turning them into a highly active, selective, and stable catalyst systems still remain challenging. Herein, we report the highly selective one-pot synthesis of monodisperse Pd cluster nanowires in aqueous solution; these consist of interconnected nanoparticles and may serve as highly active catalysts because of the enrichment of high index facets on the surface, including {443}, {331}, and {221} steps. For the first time, carbon nanotube and γ-Al(2)O(3) immobilized Pd cluster nanowires showed highly enhanced catalytic performance in the liquid-phase selective hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde and gas-phase hydrogenation of 1,3butadiene relative to immobilized Pd icosahedra and nanocubes, as well as commercial Pd catalysts.
Reduction of Tonal Propeller Noise by Means of Uneven Blade Spacing (2016)

An experimental study was conducted on the noise characteristics of four-bladed general aviation propellers with uneven blade spacing. The subscale propeller designs were inspired by the fourbladed McCauley propellers used on the Beechcraft King Air 350 series aircraft. The 4-inch diameter (1:22.5 scale) propellers were manufactured using high-resolution stereolithography and were powered by a high performance, radio controlled brushless electric motor. Acoustic measurements were taken with a 24-microphone array. The use of uneven blade spacing created additional tones over which the acoustic intensity was distributed. Large amounts of acoustic intensity were shifted into the lowest frequency tone (occuring at half of the blade passage frequency of the propeller with evenly spaced blades), resulting in reductions of A-weighted overall sound pressure levels of up to 5 dB for polar angles near 90. These reduction are partly offset by increases in A-weighted overall sound pressure levels of up to 4 dB at polar angles less than 50. Although the theory used to predict propeller noise does not show good agreement with experiments, it does show this trend of increasing noise at low polar angles. Since noise at low polar angles are weighted less in noise metrics such as flyover noise, the use of uneven blade spacing has potential for providing noise reduction without adding excessive complexity to propeller design.
Effects of cancer immunotherapy with indomethacin and interleukin-2 on murine hemopoietic stem cells. (1992)

We examined: (a) whether in vitro-generated lymphocyte-activated killer (LAK) cells from normal mice and splenic killer cells from tumor-bearing mice subjected to interleukin-2 (IL-2) therapy alone or in combination with chronic indomethacin therapy have any detrimental effects on the spleen colony-forming units (CFU-S) of the normal bone marrow (BM); and (b) the effects of these immunotherapy protocols on CFU-S numbers in host hemopoietic organs. Effects of in vitro-generated LAK cells (normal C3H/HeN mouse splenocytes cultured with 1000 units IL-2/10(6) cells for 72 h) on BM CFU-S were examined by incubating macrophage-depleted BM cells with LAK cells at 1:2.5 and 1:5 BM:LAK cell ratios or with LAK cell supernatant for 4 h. The cells were washed and subsequently injected into irradiated mice. Irradiated mice were also reconstituted with BM cells or LAK cells incubated alone. Spleen colonies were scored macroscopically and microscopically on day 7 after reconstitution of lethally irradiated mice with the various cell combinations. A comparison of colony numbers produced by LAK and BM cell mixture revealed that LAK cells at either dose had no suppressive effect on the colony-forming ability of BM at the macroscopic and microscopic levels of analysis. The supernatant of cultured LAK cells had a minor suppressive effect on colony formation at the macroscopic but not the microscopic level of analysis, indicating the presence of one or more suppressive factors capable of mediating a short-term inhibitory effect. In the immunotherapy experiment, C3H/HeN mice transplanted s.c. with 5 x 10(5) C3L5 mammary adenocarcinoma cells received either vehicle alone (controls), IL-2 (1.5 x 10(4) Cetus units i.p. every 8 h on days 10-14 and days 20-25), or chronic indomethacin therapy (10 micrograms/ml in drinking water from day 5 onwards) plus IL-2 as above. Animals were killed 24-25 days after tumor transplantation to examine: (a) the number of metastatic lung nodules; (b) the effects of co-incubating therapy-generated splenic effector cells with normal BM cells for 4 h on BM CFU-S, and (c) the CFU-S content of host BM and spleen. Results revealed a drop in spontaneous lung metastases from a mean of 50 in control mice to 18 with IL-2 therapy alone, and to 5 with chronic indomethacin therapy plus IL-2 therapy. Splenocytes from normal and tumor-bearing control or treated mice, when incubated with normal BM, had no effect on spleen colony formation at the macroscopic level.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
A New Image Analysis Based Method for Measuring Electrospun Nanofiber Diameter (2007)

Abstract In this paper, a new image analysis based method for electrospun nanofiber diameter measurement has been presented. The method was tested by a simulated image with known characteristics and a real web. Mean (M) and standard deviation (STD) of fiber diameter obtained using this method for the simulated image were 15.02 and 4.80 pixels respectively, compared to the true values of 15.35 and 4.47 pixels. For the real web, applying the method resulted in M and STD of 324 and 50.4 nm which are extremely close to the values of 319 and 42 nm obtained using manual method. The results show that this approach is successful in making fast, accurate automated measurements of electrospun fiber diameters.
Relations between Teachers' Ratings of Abnormal Motor Behavior in Poor Readers and Performance on a Reaction-Time Test (1972)

Poor readers, 7 to 12 years old with normal intelligence, were rated by their teachers on a fifteen-item inventory of abnormal motor behavior. Three rotated factors, obtained from factor analysis of the ratings, were interpreted as an Activity-Level Factor, an Attention-Span Factor, and a Motor-Coordination Factor. The children had previously been given a reaction-time test. Reaction-times, which were unusually slow for the poor readers, were significantly correlated with scores on the Motor-Coordination Factor. Reminiscence scores from the reaction-time test, which were unusually large for the poor readers, were significantly correlated with scores on the Attention-Span Factor. Neither reaction-time nor reminiscence scores were related to the Activity-Level Factor. An interpretation of “hyperactivity,” and an explanation of the high incidence of motor-coordination problems in poor readers are proposed.
POTENCIAL TURISTICO DE LAS PLAYAS DOMINICAL (1982)

Trata este caso sobre del area de playas Dominical ubicada en el litoral Pacifico con un enfoque turistico, es un aerea de poco desarrollo, con potencial turistico.
Superoxide Radical Scavenging Activity of the Major Polyphenols in Fresh Plums (2003)

The effect of polyphenols among different varieties of plums on superoxide radical scavenging activity (SRSA) was studied by an enzymatic method and their IC(50) values were determined. We found that the SRSA levels of the polyphenols were closely related to their chemical structures; cyanidin showed the lowest IC(50) among the polyphenols examined, and aglycones are more effective than their glycosides. BY 69-339 cultivar exhibited the lowest IC(50) among the eleven plum cultivars, which means the highest antioxidant activity in scavenging superoxide radicals, followed by French Damson, Cacaks Best, Beltsville Elite B70197, Empress, Castleton, Stanley, NY 6, NY 101, Mirabellier, and NY 9. IC(50) values showed a higher correlation with total flavonoids (r (2) = 0.8699) than total phenolics (r (2) = 0.8355), which indicated that flavonoids might contribute to the total SRSA more directly than other polyphenols. Anthocyanins in plums appeared to be the major contributors to the total SRSA, except for two yellow cultivars having no anthocyanins. Chlorogenic acid was the predominant phenolic acid, and it also exhibited SRSA significantly in the range of 1.0 to 94.9%. Quercetins were the major flavonols in plums. However, they showed relatively low contribution to the total SRSA.
Introduction to mechanics of materials (1989)

Introduction to Stress, Strain, and Their Relationships. Axial Loading: Applications and Pressure Vessels. Torsional Loading. Flexural Loading: Stresses. Flexural Loading: Deflections. Statically Indeterminate Beams. Stress and Strain Transformation Equations. Combined Static Loadings. Columns. Inelastic Behavior. Energy Methods. Appendices. Answers. Name Index. Subject Index.
A previously unrecognized influenza B virus glycoprotein from a bicistronic mRNA that also encodes the viral neuraminidase. (1983)

RNA segment 6 of the influenza B virus genome codes for a previously unidentified polypeptide designated NB. The reading frame for this polypeptide begins with the first AUG codon on the mRNA and overlaps the reading frame for the viral neuraminidase by 292 nucleotides. The amino acid sequence of polypeptide NB deduced from the nucleotide sequence of the B/Lee/40 strain consists of 100 amino acids with a molecular weight of 11,242. The sequence contains four potential glycosylation sites, and the protein has been found to be glycosylated in infected cells. NB has not been found in virions. Sucrose gradient sedimentation and analysis of the structure of the mRNA by nuclease S1 mapping and sequence analysis by the primer extension method indicated that polypeptide NB and the neuraminidase are translated from a single bicistronic mRNA. A protein analogous to NB has not been found with influenza A virus, and this represents a major difference between the two virus types.
Generalized differential coding theorem and its applications (1984)

Abstract A differential coding method regards the transmission line code as a kind of state and assigns the original codeword to each state transition. This method is used widely to regenerate the original codeword as an invariant for the state transition even if there exists state ambiguity during transmission. This paper derives a differential coding theorem as the necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a differential code on the basis of the mathematical formulation of differential coding problems. According to the theorem, the necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a differential code is that the set of ambiguity operators should be an irreducible and nonseparable group G σ , and that a stationary successive operator, which is antihomomorphism on G σ , should exist. the importance of the theorem is demonstrated through the differential coding for the staggered QAM transmission system, which has been considered difficult to code differentially. Since the theorem is derived under some general conditions, it is applicable to a variety of differential coding problems which may appear in the future.
Antibacterial activity of silver inorganic agent YDA filler (2004)

YDA filler is an antibacterial agent that is currently in commercial dental use. In this study, we attempted to determine whether it exerts an antibacterial effect on human saliva bacteria, and to determine whether it can be used in dental materials. CFUs in 1 mL stimulated human saliva were examined using blood agar and mitis salivarius agar after immersion, with or without YDA filler. The antibacterial effect was compared with that of Ketac-Silver. Dental materials containing 5% wt YDA filler were prepared for in vitro testing on S. mutans and A. viscosus. Furthermore, we examined the in vitro cytotoxicity of experimental MMA resin containing YDA filler on HeLa cells. Human saliva bacteria and mutans streptococci showed reduced viability following exposure to YDA filler after 12 h. The concentration of silver ions released by YDA filler was below 1 ppm after 12 h. Two tested strains showed reduced viability following exposure to dental materials containing YDA filler. In another experiment, MMA resin containing YDA filler did not show cytotoxicity on HeLa cells after 24- and 48-h exposure. Thus, YDA filler may help in the development of antibacterial dental materials, such as composite resin, glass-ionomer or temporary cement.
FPGA Implementation of I<sup>2</sup>C Based Networking System for Secure Data Transmission (2019)

In this paper, the main focus was to implement the I <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> C (Inter Integrated Circuit) bus on Altera DE2-115 development board. I <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> C bus design is modeled using VHDL and synthesised using Quartus II. In this work, an attempt to simulate the I <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> C write and read operation using ModelSim is made. Therefore implement I <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> C bus on Field Programmable Gate Arrays(FPGA)gives greater straightforwardness since it requires just two-wires and less number of association pins. FPGA provides multiple IO interfaces as compared other hard core. The sole reason to use I <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> C instead of other protocol is because of its two wire data transfer and security. This work also presents the number of Logic Elements, Logic registers, Pins, Memory Bits, Embedded Multiplier, and PLLs used in the design.
Polarization-independent waveguide optical isolator based on nonreciprocal phase shift (2000)

A polarization-independent waveguide optical isolator based on nonreciprocal interference is proposed. The design uses simultaneous TE and TM nonreciprocal phase shifts obtained from geometric asymmetry in horizontal and vertical axes of waveguide cross section along with opposing transverse and vertical magnetic fields in interferometer arms. A design to achieve such an isolator is described. Both TE and TM nonreciprocal phase shifts comparable to the theoretical counterparts have also been experimentally observed from a single waveguide.
Mechanism of Resistance to <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> Toxin Cry1Ac in a Greenhouse Population of the Cabbage Looper, <i>Trichoplusia ni</i> (2006)

The cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni, is one of only two insect species that have evolved resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis in agricultural situations. The trait of resistance to B. thuringiensis toxin Cry1Ac from a greenhouse-evolved resistant population of T. ni was introgressed into a highly inbred susceptible laboratory strain. The resulting introgression strain, GLEN-Cry1Ac-BCS, and its nearly isogenic susceptible strain were subjected to comparative genetic and biochemical studies to determine the mechanism of resistance. Results showed that midgut proteases, hemolymph melanization activity, and midgut esterase were not altered in the GLEN-Cry1Ac-BCS strain. The pattern of cross-resistance of the GLEN-Cry1Ac-BCS strain to 11 B. thuringiensis Cry toxins showed a correlation of the resistance with the Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac binding site in T. ni. This cross-resistance pattern is different from that found in a previously reported laboratory-selected Cry1Ab-resistant T. ni strain, evidently indicating that the greenhouse-evolved resistance involves a mechanism different from the laboratory-selected resistance. Determination of specific binding of B. thuringiensis toxins Cry1Ab and Cry1Ac to the midgut brush border membranes confirmed the loss of midgut binding to Cry1Ab and Cry1Ac in the resistant larvae. The loss of midgut binding to Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac is inherited as a recessive trait, which is consistent with the recessive inheritance of Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac resistance in this greenhouse-derived T. ni population. Therefore, it is concluded that the mechanism for the greenhouse-evolved Cry1Ac resistance in T. ni is an alteration affecting the binding of Cry1Ab and Cry1Ac to the Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac binding site in the midgut.
“Infinite Variance” and Research Strategy in Time Series Analysis (1972)

Abstract The possibility that some time series that arise in economics have error or innovation terms that come from infinite variance distributions throws doubt on most of the classical methods of analysis. The evidence in favor of infinite-variance is discussed and a variety of alternative explanations of the long-tailed property of observed distributions examined. Some of these alternative explanations are based on mixtures of distributions and suggest data-transformations that reduce or remove the problem. Clipping of the series seems to be a particularly useful technique and is applied to U.S. Treasury daily cash flow data.