gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reclamation of Closed Non-Sanitary Landfills by Sorting Transfer Control (2009)

The aim of this study was an evaluation of closed non-sanitary landfill's stabilization degree and a determination of its an optimal reclamation method. In order to evaluate the stabilization degree, physical compositions of landfill wastes in 21 closed non-sanitary landfills were analyzed. There were 4 major items such as cover soils, organics, combustibles and incombustibles. With respect to the results of physical compositions, it was determined that the waste in 9 sampling sites of closed non-sanitary landfills after 10years of the relief time was not fully stabilized. The closed non-sanitary landfills must be reclaimed as soon as possible. The main material in closed non-sanitary landfills was cover soils and the highest content was 89.96%. Otherwise, the contents in sanitary landfills was small and 9.89~11.12%. Therefore, it was evaluated that the recovered soil by sorting transfer treatment could be reused as on-site cover soils of the reclamating non-sanitary landfills and/or constructing materials.
Largescale Variations of the Average Signal (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Synopsis of Chapter This chapter contains sections titled: Factors Affecting Transmission Observed Attenuation on Mobile Radio Paths over Smooth Terrain Effects of Irregular Terrain Statistical Distribution of the Local Mean Signal Prediction of Field Strength This chapter contains sections titled: References 
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Twenty-four-hour ice storage of rabbit heart. (1995)

Although cardioplegia is limited to 4 hours of ice storage, University of Wisconsin solution has successfully extended this period to approximately 12 hours. In this study we have substituted polyethylene glycol for hydroxyethyl starch in a simplified University of Wisconsin solution (Cardiosol). Rabbit hearts were ice stored for 24 hours at 0 degrees C in either University of Wisconsin solution or Cardiosol (containing either 5% or 10% polyethylene glycol). Fresh control hearts were tested immediately after cardiectomy. Function was evaluated in an in vitro working heart model for 1 hour with aortic afterload at 100 cm H2O. Total cardiac output or the proportion of hearts reaching 100 cm H2O were compared. Hearts stored in University of Wisconsin solution for 24 hours functioned at 6% of control levels at 15 minutes of observation. None reached 100 cm H2O or deteriorated further with time (p < 0.05). By contrast, hearts stored in 5% Cardiosol showed progressive recovery during the 1-hour observation. Of the 13 hearts, 11 reached 100 cm H2O with a mean cardiac output of 51% of the control value. Increasing the concentration of polyethylene glycol to 10% improved cardiac output at all observation times, reaching 80% of control heart performance at 1 hour (control > 10% > 5% > University of Wisconsin solution [p < 0.05]). We concluded that 10% polyethylene glycol significantly improved 24-hour ice storage and, hence, viability to a functional level that matched our previously reported microperfusion results.
Firmware Update Manager: A remote firmware reprogramming tool for low-power devices (2017)

Modern intelligent systems often consist of devices based on various platforms. When the reprogramming of some devices is required, every type of a device has its own reprogramming mechanism. These mechanisms are usually platform specific, as they are based on a compiler and linker used. This paper presents a GUI based software tool for an easy generation and management of firmware updates for low-power embedded devices. It supports any platform that uses object files with the standard executable and linkable format (ELF). The paper also describes algorithms and methods embedded within the tool. The main contribution of our tool is its configurability and multiplatform support.
[Pathologic diagnosis of autoimmune liver disease]. (2007)

自身免疫性肝病是指一组以肝脏病理损害和肝脏功能异常为主要表现的自身免疫性疾病,主要包括自身免疫性肝炎(autoimmune hepatitis)、原发性胆汁性肝硬化(primarybiliary cirrhosis)、原发性硬化性胆管炎(primary sclerosingcholangitis)三大类.这三种疾病尽管在组织病理学方面均有各自的特点,但由于这些疾病病理表现常与其他肝脏疾病重叠,患者病变也常常表现不典型,因此往往要密切联系临床表现、血液生化及自身抗体检测结果等才能作出正确诊断.
The political economy of green office buildings (2011)

Purpose This paper aims to examine whether rental premiums accrue to environmentally certified class “A” office buildings and, further, to what extent such premiums vary with the political ideology of the local market area. Design/methodology/approach Using standard ordinary least squares (OLS) regression techniques, the paper models rental rates on environmentally certified structures as a function of the space market characteristics, economic environment, and political ideology within each local market area. Findings The paper finds significant variation in environmentally certified rental premiums across jurisdiction‐specific political ideology metrics. Specifically, politically liberal locations exhibit green rental premiums of nearly 6 percent, while politically conservative locations exhibit premiums of less than 2 percent. Originality/value This paper expands the existing literature by offering further evidence of positive rental premiums accruing to environmental certification, and by systematically exploring the fundamental determinants of these observed value differences.
APPLICATION OF THE MULTIGRID TECHNIQUE FOR THE NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF THE NON-LINEAR DISPERSIVE WAVES EQUATIONS (2012)

The scope of this paper is to obtain the numerical solutions of the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation and the related partial differential equations (namely: the modified Korteweg-de Vries equation (MKdV) and the Korteweg-de Vries-Burgers &apos; equation (KdVB)) using the multigrid method. The difference equation of the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation and the related partial differential equations using the finite difference method are obtained. The computer cods are used to obtain the numerical solutions that compared with the analytical ones to get the 2L-errors. The obtained results are compared with another method using 2L-errors to show the deviation between them.
Daniel Nijs's cabinet and its sale to Lord Arundel in 1636 (2012)

The article discusses the 1636 sale of a cabinet owned by the Flemish merchant Daniel Nijs to Thomas Howard, 14th Earl of Arundel. The cabinet served as cabinet of curiosities where Nijs kept his collection of gems and drawings. The author suggests Nijs was forced to sell the cabinet and its contents as a result of personal financial difficulties.
Role of Diabetologist in Evaluating Diabetic Retinopathy (1991)

Motivated well-trained diabetologists can screen for diabetic retinopathy. The absence of detectable lesions by direct ophthalmoscopy indicates that automatic referral to an ophthalmologist is not necessary. However, if any level of retinopathy is detected or corrected acuity is worse than 20/30, referral to an ophthalmologist is required. In this setting, fundus photography is advised because it is the most sensitive means of detecting clinically significant retinopathy. If other nonophthalmologists can be trained to achieve similar results, current recommendations for ophthalmologic referral that require annual ophthalmologic examinations for most diabetic patients may need to be reconsidered.
A Compound Anisotropic Diffusion for Ultrasonic Image Denoising and Edge Enhancement (2005)

Utilizing the echoic intension and the distribution from different organs and local details of the human body, ultrasonic images can catch important medical pathological changes, which unfortunately may be affected by ultrasonic speckle noise. An ultrasonic image denoising and edge enhancement scheme is put forth, which compounds two terms: an anisotropic diffusion and an edge enhancement, coupled by an iterative split implementation. To preserve image features, the anisotropic diffusion is governed by a local coordinate transformation, the first and second normal derivatives of the image, and the edge enhancement is done by a hyperbolic tangent function. Experiments on real ultrasonic images indicate effective preservation of edges, local details and ultrasonic echoic bright strips on denoising by our scheme.
Molecular Basis of Glycosaminoglycan Heparin Binding to the Chemokine CXCL1 Dimer (2013)

Glycosaminoglycan (GAG)-bound and soluble chemokine gradients in the vasculature and extracellular matrix mediate neutrophil recruitment to the site of microbial infection and sterile injury in the host tissue. However, the molecular principles by which chemokine-GAG interactions orchestrate these gradients are poorly understood. This, in part, can be directly attributed to the complex interrelationship between the chemokine monomer-dimer equilibrium and binding geometry and affinities that are also intimately linked to GAG length. To address some of this missing knowledge, we have characterized the structural basis of heparin binding to the murine CXCL1 dimer. CXCL1 is a neutrophil-activating chemokine and exists as both monomers and dimers (Kd = 36 μm). To avoid interference from monomer-GAG interactions, we designed a trapped dimer (dCXCL1) by introducing a disulfide bridge across the dimer interface. We characterized the binding of GAG heparin octasaccharide to dCXCL1 using solution NMR spectroscopy. Our studies show that octasaccharide binds orthogonally to the interhelical axis and spans the dimer interface and that heparin binding enhances the structural integrity of the C-terminal helical residues and stability of the dimer. We generated a quadruple mutant (H20A/K22A/K62A/K66A) on the basis of the binding data and observed that this mutant failed to bind heparin octasaccharide, validating our structural model. We propose that the stability enhancement of dimers upon GAG binding regulates in vivo neutrophil trafficking by increasing the lifetime of "active" chemokines, and that this structural knowledge could be exploited for designing inhibitors that disrupt chemokine-GAG interactions and neutrophil homing to the target tissue.
Event Correlation on the Basis of Activation Patterns (2010)

Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) deploy various sensors that collect data, process this data and report events. The process of combining these events or superordinate incidences is known as event correlation. The key issues of this process are (1) to find a way how to combine events based on different data types (e. g. log entries, connection statistics or protocol identifiers), (2) to build a model representing the relations between the events and (3) to apply subsequent analysis that allow us to extract meaningful information from the trained model. In order to address these key issues, we introduce the concept of Activation Patterns. These patterns are generated by applying various techniques from machine learning and artificial intelligence to the raw event data. The presented technique is then integrated into an event correlation system. We describe the system and evaluate it by analyzing a popular intrusion detection data set consisting of a wide range of different features.
The prospects of pharmacotherapy for cystic fibrosis. (2006)

To summarize, no effective treatment by drugs is available for CF at the present time. Nevertheless, until a decade ago there were virtually no compounds known that could activate CFTR, whereas today there are many different chemical structures having this property. Much has been learned about molecular pharmacology of CFTR and its most common mutant, deltaF508 CFTR, that will provide new insights for drug design. Clearly a compound that could activate both trafficking and opening of deltaF508 CFTR could have a major impact, provided toxicity and tolerance were acceptable. Even so only the effects on chloride transport would be alleviated, while appreciating that other functions of CFTR may remain uncorrected. There is also a concern that bypassing the quality control mechanisms of the cell to allow deltaF508 CFTR to be trafficked may have wider implications for other improperly formed proteins. Rather than direct drug treatment strategies towards CFTR an alternative approach is to involve other cellular mechanisms to achieve the desired result. Here activation of calcium activated chloride channels plus blockade of epithelial sodium channels could restore the electrolyte balance necessary for efficient mucociliary clearance. Again this approach aims only to regularize the effects of CF on chloride transport and would have no effect on fluid production by the serous cells of submucosal glands.
Physical Properties of Perfluoro-n-hexane and Perfluoro-2-methylpentane (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhysical Properties of Perfluoro-n-hexane and Perfluoro-2-methylpentaneVernon E. Stiles and George H. CadyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 15, 3771–3773Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01135a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01135a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views420Altmetric-Citations60LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<title>Interactive browsing of 3D environment over the Internet</title> (2000)

In this paper, we describe a system for wandering in a realistic environment over the Internet. The environment is captured by the concentric mosaic, compressed via the reference block coder (RBC), and accessed and delivered over the Internet through the virtual media (Vmedia) access protocol. Capturing the environment through the concentric mosaic is easy. We mount a camera at the end of a level beam, and shoot images as the beam rotates. The huge dataset of the concentric mosaic is then compressed through the RBC, which is specifically designed for both high compression efficiency and just-in-time (JIT) rendering. Through the JIT rendering function, only a portion of the RBC bitstream is accessed, decoded and rendered for each virtual view. A multimedia communication protocol -- the Vmedia protocol, is then proposed to deliver the compressed concentric mosaic data over the Internet. Only the bitstream segments corresponding to the current view are streamed over the Internet. Moreover, the delivered bitstream segments are managed by a local Vmedia cache so that frequently used bitstream segments need not be streamed over the Internet repeatedly, and the Vmedia is able to handle a RBC bitstream larger than its memory capacity. A Vmedia concentric mosaic interactive browser is developed where the user can freely wander in a realistic environment, e.g., rotate around, walk forward/backward and sidestep, even under a tight bandwidth of 33.6 kbps.
COD capture: a feasible option towards energy self-sufficient domestic wastewater treatment (2016)

Although the activated sludge process, one of the most remarkable engineering inventions in the 20(th) century, has made significant contribution to wastewater reclamation in the past 100 years, its high energy consumption is posing a serious impact and challenge on the current wastewater industry worldwide and is also inevitably linked to the issue of global climate change. In this study, we argued that substantial improvement in the energy efficiency might be no longer achievable through further optimization of the activated sludge process. Instead, we should devote more effort to the development or the adoption of novel treatment configurations and emerging technologies. Of which an example is A-B process which can significantly improve the energy recovery potential at A-stage, while markedly reduces energy consumption at B-stage. Various configurations of A-B process with energy analysis are thus discussed. It appears highly possible to achieve an overall energy gain in WWTPs with A-B process as a core.
RNA Detection and Visualization (2011)

With its complex and extensively regulated metabolism, the study of the RNA lifecycle demands tools that allow for the localization of RNAs to be observed either in an in situ setting or, preferably, under in vivo conditions. In RNA Detection and Visualization: Methods and Protocols, the best and brightest investigators provide an up-to-date and in-depth description of basic methods and protocols used for detecting and visualizing mRNAs in both fixed and live cells, from bacteria to mammals. For novices and experts alike, this mix of classic in situ hybridization and advanced live imaging techniques, cell fractionation and affinity purification procedures, and bioinformatics tools gives researchers the most complete and extensive array of research aids possible. As a volume written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology™ series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and expert tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, RNA Detection and Visualization: Methods and Protocols offers well-honed techniques in order to inspire researchers around the world to further our knowledge of the vital biological significance of RNA.
Pitfalls of screening for mucopolysaccharidoses by the dimethylmethylene blue test (1993)

Journal Article Pitfalls of screening for mucopolysaccharidoses by the dimethylmethylene blue test Get access M Piraud, M Piraud Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I Maire, I Maire Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M Mathieu M Mathieu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical Chemistry, Volume 39, Issue 1, 1 January 1993, Pages 163–164, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/39.1.163 Published: 01 January 1993
Intestinal permeability of metformin using single-pass intestinal perfusion in rats (2006)

Metformin could be absorbed from the whole intestine, with the main absorption site at duodenum. This concentration-dependent permeability behavior in the duodenum indicates that metformin is transported by both passive and active carrier-mediated saturable mechanism. The P(eff) value can not be increased by co-perfusion with verapamil, indicating that absorption of metformin is not efficiently transported by P-gp in the gut wall. Furthermore metformin is neither a substrate nor an inducer of P-gp. Based on the P(eff) values obtained in the present study and using established relationships, the human fraction dose absorbed for metformin is estimated to be 74%-90% along human intestine.
Fetotoxic response of technical quinalphos in rats. (1992)

Technical Quinalphos was administered po to pregnant rats through day 6-20 of gestation at doses of 0.5 or 1.5 mg/kg body weight. Quinalphos produced enzymatic changes in liver and serum of dams associated with mild pathomorphological changes in liver and brain. Fetotoxic effects were not observed at the tested dose levels as determined by total number of implantations, percentage resorption, live fetuses, crown rump length and fetal weight. A few insignificant skeletal deformities were noticed. A significant inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity in fetal brain and placenta indicated possible transmigration of quinalphos from dams to fetuses.
The staging and treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer. (1978)

A novel pseudospectral solution procedure for the Navier–Stokes equations in the velocity–vorticity formulation, suitable to simulate flows with two nonperiodic directions, is proposed. An influence matrix method, including a tau correction procedure, has been employed to elicit an algorithmic substitute for thea priorilacking boundary conditions for the vorticity. Following O. Daube (J. Comput. Phys.103,402 (1992)) the influence matrix is built by enforcing either the definition of the vorticity or the continuity equation at the boundary of the domain. The influence matrix is nonsingular in both cases. The order of the influence matrix is twice larger than one would expect from analogous solution methods based on finite differences or finite elements. The spatial discretization is based on a 2D Chebyshev expansion on anonstaggeredgrid of collocation points, and the boundary conditions are imposed via the Lanczos tau procedure. The time marching scheme is Adams–Bashforth for the advection term and Crank–Nicolson for the viscous term. The proposed scheme yields machine accurate divergence–free flow fields, and the definition of the vorticity is satisfied within machine accuracy.
In situ hybridization: Methods and applications (1997)

In situ hybridization (ISH) combines molecular biological techniques with histological and cytological analysis of gene expression. RNA and DNA can be readily localized in specific cells with this method. ISH has been useful as a research tool, and recent studies have used this technique in the diagnostic pathology laboratory and in microbiology for the tissue localization in infectious agents. Other recent developments in the applications of ISH involve in situ polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ reverse transcription (RT)-PCR, which can be used to detect very low levels of nucleic acids in tissues by taking advantage of the powerful amplification capacity of PCR. In situ PCR will contribute significantly to progress in this field because of the marked increase in the sensitivity of this method.
Comparison of Conventional Methods, the R/B System, and Modified R/B System as Guides to the Major Divisions of <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> (1971)

Primary grouping of more than 2,000 members of Enterobacteriaceae, freshly isolated from clinical specimens, was performed on the basis of eight conventional laboratory tests used routinely in this laboratory and by the R/B system. Results indicate that both systems perform well in this first step in the identification of various medically significant species of the family. Difficulties encountered with certain reactions of the R/B system were corrected with a physical modification of the tubes. An additional 100 representatives of Enterobacteriaceae were compared with conventional methods and the modified R/B system. Results indicate improvement in observing and interpreting findings with the R/B system.