gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electronic Commerce: a technological perspective (1999)

Electronic Commerce plays an important role in today&apos;s business. We here present an overview on the techniques involved in Electronic Commerce, highlighting its advantages as well as challenges, showing how distributed artificial intelligence can be used in this field. We also stress how economic organisations are being affected by this new paradigm leading to the establishment of Electronic Markets and Virtual Organisations. We finish this paper by introducing the reader to some existing applications. Keywords Electronic Commerce, Electronic Markets, Virtual Organisations, Intelligent Agents 1. Introduction Commerce is the way customers and suppliers meet at a certain place and a certain time in order to announce buying and selling intentions that eventually match and successfully start businesse transactions. Due to innovations in information and communication technologies of the past years, time and space restrictions have been weakened and, therefore, those business transaction...
Open Access to Intersystem Handover Control Using Multi-access Edge Computing (2018)

Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) is a cloud technology that places storage and computing resources at the edge of the mobile network. The MEC platform provides services for radio network information, bandwidth management and device location. In this paper, we propose a new mobile edge service that enables 3 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rd</sup> party control on intersystem handover. The proposed service allows authorized applications to initiate device pre-registration in the target access network and then based on application-specific policy to initiate intersystem handover. Description of information flows, data models and actual interface definition are provided. Handover state models consider some implementation issues.
Analysis of the causes of the decrease in the electroluminescence efficiency of AlGaInN light-emitting-diode heterostructures at high pumping density (2006)

The study is devoted to theoretical explanation of a decrease in the electroluminescence efficiency as the pump current increases, which is characteristic of light-emitting-diode (LED) heterostructures based on AlInGaN. Numerical simulation shows that the increase in the external quantum efficiency at low current densities J ≈ 1 A/cm2 is caused by the competition between radiative and nonradiative recombination. The decrease in the quantum efficiency at current densities J > 1 A/cm2 is caused by a decrease in the efficiency of hole injection into the active region. It is shown that the depth of the acceptor energy level in the AlGaN emitter, as well as low electron and hole mobilities in the p-type region, plays an important role in this effect. A modified LED heterostructure is suggested in which the efficiency decrease with the pump current should not occur.
Research on Handover Mechanism in 3GPP LTE System (2008)

3G LTE based on the technology of OFDM and MIMO is the long term evolution of 3G system,and it has made great improvement on the net structure and radio access.In this paper,the process of handover in the 3GPP LTE is analyzed in detail and some comparative research on the several methods on the access of UE to the e-NodeB(synchronization and non-synchronization) is carried out.
Advanced X-Ray Alignment System (1986)

Step and repeat X-ray lithography is essential for achieving the fine lines, accurate registration, and extreme density required to produce the next generation of very large scale integrated circuits. Drawing upon its own experience in developing a full-field X-ray lithography system [1], as well as upon technology developed at companies such as Thomson-CSF [2] and AT&T [3], Micronix Corporation in Los Gatos, California, is introducing such a system, called the MX-1600.
Linear complexity of a sequence obtained from a periodic sequence by either substituting, inserting, or deleting k symbols within one period (2000)

A unified derivation of the bounds of the linear complexity is given for a sequence obtained from a periodic sequence over GF(q) by either substituting, inserting, or deleting k symbols within one period. The lower bounds are useful in case of n<N/k, where N and n are the period and the linear complexity of the sequence, respectively. It is shown that all three different cases can be treated very simply in a unified manner. The bounds are useful enough to show how wide the distribution of the linear complexity becomes as k increases, although they are not always tight because their derivations do not use the information about the change values.
Experiments with a natural language problem-solving system (1971)

ECI of axillary metastases combined with PVI indicates high tumor aggressiveness. Patients with ECI and PVI may be considered for stronger adjuvant therapies because of their high risk for distant recurrences.
A Theory of Immigration And Racial Stratification (1997)

Racial systems must have mechanisms for determining who is in which race for that determines where people families and other groups fit into the racial hierarchy. In the United States immigration has played an important role in shaping that hierarchy. Immigrants enter the United States and are assimilated into the dominant social organization and this process includes assimilation into the system of racial stratification.... We will focus on this latter aspect of the immigrant experience. First we briefly outline the origins of the U.S. racial system. Second we suggest ways to broaden the literature that studies race and finally we present a model for studying the relationship between immigration and racial stratification. (EXCERPT)
A television IF acoustic surface wave filter on bismuth silicon oxide (1976)

A brief account is given of a television IF acoustic surface wave filter made on bismuth silicon oxide. The potential advantages of this substrate material are pointed out, the filter design techniques used are explained, and the device construction is described. Measured responses of filters for two television systems are given.
The efficiency of the South African Capital Market (1995)

(1995). The efficiency of the South African Capital Market. Investment Analysts Journal: Vol. 24, No. 42, pp. 37-43.
Purification and characterization of the human interferon-gamma receptor from placenta. (1988)

Purification of the human interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) receptor was facilitated by identification of human placenta as a large-scale receptor source. When analyzed in radioligand binding experiments, intact placental membranes and detergent-solubilized membrane proteins expressed 1.3 and 5.9 X 10(12) receptors per mg of protein, respectively, values that were 13-163 times greater than that observed for U937 membranes. Two protocols were followed to purify the IFN-gamma receptor from octyl glucoside-solubilized membranes: (i) sequential affinity chromatography over wheat germ agglutinin- and IFN-gamma-Sepharose and (ii) affinity chromatography over columns containing receptor-specific monoclonal antibody and wheat germ agglutinin. Both procedures resulted in fully active preparations that were 70-90% pure. Purified receptor migrated as a single molecular species of 90 kDa either when analyzed on silver-stained NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide gels or when subjected to electrophoretic transfer blot analysis using a labeled IFN-gamma receptor-specific monoclonal antibody. The identity of the 90-kDa component as the receptor was confirmed by demonstrating its ability to specifically bind 125I-labeled IFN-gamma following NaDodSO4/PAGE and transfer to nitrocellulose. Certain receptor preparations converted into a 55-kDa fragment either during purification or upon storage at 4 degrees C. On the basis of N-Glycanase digestion studies, the IFN-gamma receptor appeared to contain 17 kDa of N-linked carbohydrate. The ligand binding site, the epitope for the receptor-specific monoclonal antibody, and all of the N-linked carbohydrate could be localized to the 55-kDa domain of the molecule.
THE PRACTICE OF ENGINEERING IN BIM TIMES (2019)

At this point, not even for the most skeptical, there must remain any doubt about the emergence of BIM (Building Information Modeling) in the work of the civil engineering profession, whether active or passive, or by the mere fact of have been necessary to the requirements of clients or other professional disciplines. According to the criteria of the connoisseurs, the impact of BIM in the field of those known as professions AEC (for its acronym in English Architecture, Engineering and Construction), is comparable or even much deeper to what took place during the irruption of CAD technologies (Computer Assisted Design) during the 1980s, thanks among other things to the reduction of hardware and software costs
Databases (1993)

Database management systems (DBMS) provide robust information storag,e, retrieval, and indexing functions needed by a simulation modeling environment (SME). Such capabilities standardize information handling requirements stipulated by the principles of software engineering. Furthermore, database management technology helps to realize the concept of language neul fality in SMES. Neutrality
Community Structure and Ecological Characteristics of Attached Diatoms in the Coastal Waters of Cheju Island, Korea (1999)

The community structure and ecological characteristics of attached diatoms in the coastal waters of Cheju Island have been investigated at 4 stations monthly from September 1997 to August 1998. A total of 143 diatom species were identified including 18 spp. of centric diatoms and 125 spp. of pennate diatoms. Of these, the pennate diatoms comprised 105 spp. of raphidinean diatoms and 20 spp. of araphidinean diatoms. Dominant species more than 30% of total standing crops were Amphora coffeaeformis Ku¨tzing, Cocconeis scutellum Ehrenberg, Gomphonema exinum. Ku¨tzing, Licmophora lyngbyei (Ku¨tzing) Grunow, Nitzschia navicularis (Bre´bisson) Ralfs, Synedra tabulata (Agardh) Ku¨tzing. The attached diatom can be classified by the attaching type of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) showing the order of adhering film type - apical pad type - stalk type - tube type in terms of composition rate. The standing crops ranged from 1.0 × 10⁴ in December to 2.0 × 10^6 cells ㎝^(-2) in October, while the biomass of chlorophyll a from 1 to 2,160 ㎎·chl a·m^(-2). Species diversity index (H') ranged from 0.43 to 3.05. The species succession and biomass dynamics of attached diatoms showed differences with season and with station according to their environmental factors. It is speculated that the important environmental factors affecting on the behavior and distribution of attached diatoms were water temperature and wave force by wind action in the study area.
Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Methanol on Chromium Oxide/Montmorillonite K10 Catalysts (2006)

Abstract Methanol conversion was carried out on a mesoporous material—chromia/montmorillonite K10 (MK10)—in a pulse microcatalytic system. Methanol was converted to formaldehyde and ethylene by two different mechanisms. Methanol dehydrogenation increases by increasing reaction temperature (300–400°C) and as chromia loading decrease. On the other hand, the dehydration of methanol occurs at a higher temperature (400–500°C) and as chromia loading increase, 3–18% Cr. Redox and exposed nonredox Cr3+ are responsible for formaldehyde formation. There is a relationship between increased C2H4 production and the increase of Cr6+ phase according to the acidity of chromia catalysts 34 and 76 μL tert-Butylamine/g catalyst for 3% Cr and 18% Cr, respectively. Formaldehyde formation is diffusionally controlled at high temperatures (400–500°C) and kinetically controlled at a lower reaction temperature (300–400°C), while methanol dehydration to ethylene is surface reaction controlled at 400–500°C.
Empirical Generalizations About the Impact of Advertising on Price Sensitivity and Price (1995)

Consumers' sensitivities to price changes are an important input to strategic and tactical decisions. It has been argued that price sensitivities depend on factors such as advertising. Prior studies on the effect of advertising on consumer price sensitivity have found seemingly conflicting results. We analyze the characteristics of previous studies in marketing and generate a set of three empirical generalizations. These are (1) an increase in price advertising leads to higher price sensitivity among consumers, (2) the use of price advertising leads to lower prices, and (3) an increase in nonprice advertising leads to lower price sensitivity among consumers. These generalizations have important implications for managers and researchers. Managers need to coordinate their advertising and pricing decisions to attain maximum profits. For researchers, our summary and discussion of empirical results provide directions for future.
Formation and properties of polymer carbon (1955)

Abstract Divinylbenzene (48%)/ethylvinylbenzene copolymer was converted to a series of pyrolytic derivatives. Enough of the carbon bond network remained intact throughout thermal rearrangement and condensation to retain the original gross shape of the copolymer in the final polymer carbon. Although a carbon residue (6% by weight) was obtained by direct heating of the copolymer, yields were increased eightfold by preoxidation or prechlorination. Such an alteration of thermal degradation is obviously a complex process involving both “inhibition,” in the ordinary sense, and a considerable contribution toward an increased valence network density. As a consequence, the average molecular weight of volatile fragments evolved during carbonization is inversely proportional to the oxygen content of the original hydrocarbon polymer. Pyrolysis of divinylbenzene copolymer, containing 18% oxygen, resulted in a 50% volume shrinkage, 50% weight loss, and a 100% density gain. Unless these data are attributable to extensive microporosity, it is difficult to account for the sorption of up to 3 cc. of helium gas per gram of polymer carbon at 30°C. and 600 mm. pressure; and calculated surface areas as large as 1400 sq.m./g. Abrupt changes in the progress of polymer carbon formation occurred between 600 and 700°C. The residue became rigid; vigorous evolution of volatile products, principally hydrogen, suddenly diminished; and paramagnetic resonance absorption (unpaired electron concentration) dropped about tenfold while d.c. resistivity decreased 10 6 ohm cm. In this region, also, x‐ray patterns were most diffuse, exhibiting no maxima characteristic of carbon scattering in either hydrocarbons or condensed rings. Finally, the x‐ray patterns of polymer carbon intermediates became less diffuse in samples prepared at 700°C. or above. Yet, scattering indicated the presence of crosslinked graphitic layers of such stability that reordering or true graphitization did not occur at 2400°C.
고대영어의 어순 : OV 에서 VO 로의 변화 (1999)

Kang, Kyeongin. 1999. Old English Word Order: the Change of from OV to VO. Linguistics, 7-1, 267-282. The change from object-verb(OV) word order to verb-object(OV) word order is one of the distinct changes in the history of the English languages. According to GB theory, Old English is an OV languages with optional rules of postposition and some verb-second(V2) constraint. However, Modem English is a VO language and exhibits remnants of V2. The change from OV to VO is described as a grammatical reanalysis occurring at the end of the OE. This paper offers a change from OV to VO and an alternative account of OE verb-complement word order. (Chonbuk National University)
Antithrombotic properties of a dermatan sulfate hexadecasaccharide fractionated by affinity for heparin cofactor II (1993)

The relationship between the antithrombotic activity of dermatan sulfate (DS) in vivo and its catalytic effect on the inhibition of thrombin by heparin cofactor II (HC II) in vitro was investigated. DS was depolymerized by Smith degradation and the fragments obtained were separated by gel filtration. The fragment of minimal size with full catalytic activity was a hexadecasaccharide, which was further fractionated by affinity for immobilized HC II. Only a small proportion by weight (6.7%) was recovered in the high-affinity fraction, which had about 10 times more catalytic activity than the unfractionated oligosaccharide; the change in activity was primarily caused by the removal of inert materials, recovered in the low-affinity fraction. 1H- NMR spectra indicated strengthening of the signal given by Ido A (2S04) in the high-affinity fraction compared with that of the low-affinity fraction. The anticoagulant activity of the high-affinity fraction was exclusively HC II-dependent. The antithrombotic potency was evaluated in rabbits using the Wessler-thromboplastin model. Half-maximal prevention of thrombosis was obtained after injection of 250 micrograms/kg DS, of 500 micrograms/kg hexadecasaccharide, or of 60 micrograms/kg of its high-affinity fraction. The low-affinity fraction was ineffective at the highest dose tested (1,200 micrograms/kg) and did not potentiate the effect of the high-affinity fraction. These results show that the antithrombotic effect of DS is essentially dependent on HC II binding and activation and that HC II is therefore a suitable target for antithrombotic drugs.
Multiferroicity and colossal magneto-capacitance in Cr-thiospinels (2006)

The sulfur based Cr-spinels RCr2S4 with R = Cd and Hg exhibit the coexistence of ferromagnetic and ferroelectric properties together with a pronounced magnetocapacitive coupling. While in CdCr2S4 purely ferromagnetic order is established, in HgCr2S4 a bond-frustrated magnetic ground state is realized, which, however, can easily be driven towards a ferromagnetic configuration in weak magnetic fields. This article shall review our recent investigations of both compounds. Besides the characterization of the magnetic properties, the complex dielectric permittivity was studied by means of broadband dielectric spectroscopy as well as measurements of polarization hysteresis and pyro-currents. The observed colossal magneto-capacitive effect at the magnetic transition seems to be driven by an enormous variation of the relaxation dynamics.
Organosilicon polymers with alternating σ‐ and π‐conjugated systems (1994)

Abstract A series of organosilicon polymers containing polysilane and diethynylaryl units along the polymer backbone were synthesized and examined with respect to their optical absorptions. The results indicate that delocalization takes place through the σ–π conjugated system. Lengthening of π‐conjugation leads to lower excitation energies while nearly identical UV–vis spectra are observed with increased Si–Si chain length. Introducing a thiophene unit into the π‐system instead of a benzene unit leads to a bathochromic shift reflecting greater σ–π delocalization. The polymers undergo photodegradation, probably via cleavage of the Si–Si bonds, and thermal crosslinking by reaction at the C≡C triple bonds. When doped with iodine, these polymers become semiconducting with conductivity of the order of 10 −4 S cm −1 .
New 3rd Gen Intel<sup>®</sup> Xeon<sup>®</sup> Scalable Processor (Codename: Ice Lake-SP) (2020)

This article consists only of a collection of slides from the author's conference presentation.
Modeling weak fluctuations of undersea telemetry signals (1991)

Numerical calculation of acoustic field perturbation expressions can be used to predict fluctuations after propagation through ocean sound-speed structures, but before the onset of multipath. The general form of the expressions for signal spectra or correlation functions allow numerical evaluation for an unlimited quantity of vector wave-number spectral models of refractive index. In order to help define the bounds of applicability of the theory, log-intensity fluctuation variances have been calculated for three major situations: ocean internal waves, ocean turbulence, and continuous strong large-scale turbulence. Propagation through ocean thermocline internal waves, realistically weak thermocline turbulence, and unrealistically strong turbulence show that scintillations of intensity can be predicted and understood to first order up to ranges of tens of kilometers, given the proper transmission geometry. Internal wave effects dominate over any effects from expected microstructure. Nonhorizontal transmission yields small fluctuations, but eventually refractive effects of the sound channel will contribute some additional spatial variability and multipath, complicating the use of the theory. Multipath due to the sound channel can exist at ranges where the random small-scale structures would contribute only small perturbations (no multipath from small structures).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Augmenting Microsoft's HoloLens with vuforia tracking for neuronavigation (2018)

Major hurdles for Microsoft's HoloLens as a tool in medicine have been accessing tracking data, as well as a relatively high-localisation error of the displayed information; cumulatively resulting in its limited use and minimal quantification. The following work investigates the augmentation of HoloLens with the proprietary image processing SDK Vuforia, allowing integration of data from its front-facing RGB camera to provide more spatially stable holograms for neuronavigational use. Continuous camera tracking was able to maintain hologram registration with a mean perceived drift of 1.41 mm, as well as a mean sub 2-mm surface point localisation accuracy of 53%, all while allowing the researcher to walk about a test area. This represents a 68% improvement for the later and a 34% improvement for the former compared with a typical HoloLens deployment used as a control. Both represent a significant improvement on hologram stability given the current state-of-the-art, and to the best of the authors knowledge are the first example of quantified measurements when augmenting hologram stability using data from the RGB sensor.
Low‐level interferences in peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence (1990)

The role of interferences at concentrations lower than 10(-3) M in peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence is examined based on experimental results available in the literature. Implications for fluorophore and for hydrogen peroxide determinations are discussed. An interpretation in terms of the reaction mechanism is proposed.
Resolution of DL-Tryptophan (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTResolution of DL-TryptophanA. C. Shabica and Max. TishlerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1949, 71, 9, 3251Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01177a522https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01177a522research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views136Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts