gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of five dry particle deposition parameterizations for incorporation into atmospheric transport models (2017)

Abstract. Despite considerable effort to develop mechanistic dry particle deposition parameterizations for atmospheric transport models, current knowledge has been inadequate to propose quantitative measures of the relative performance of available parameterizations. In this study, we evaluated the performance of five dry particle deposition parameterizations developed by Zhang et al. (2001) (Z01), Petroff and Zhang (2010) (PZ10), Kouznetsov and Sofiev (2012) (KS12), Zhang and He (2014) (ZH14), and Zhang and Shao (2014) (ZS14), respectively. The evaluation was performed in three dimensions: model ability to reproduce observed deposition velocities, Vd (accuracy); the influence of imprecision in input parameter values on the modeled Vd (uncertainty); and identification of the most influential parameter(s) (sensitivity). The accuracy of the modeled Vd was evaluated using observations obtained from five land use categories (LUCs): grass, coniferous and deciduous forests, natural water, and ice/snow. To ascertain the uncertainty in modeled Vd, and quantify the influence of imprecision in key model input parameters, a Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis was performed. The Sobol' sensitivity analysis was conducted with the objective to determine the parameter ranking from the most to the least influential. Comparing the normalized mean bias factors (indicators of accuracy), we find that the ZH14 parameterization is the most accurate for all LUCs except for coniferous forest, for which it is second most accurate. From Monte Carlo simulations, the estimated mean normalized uncertainties in the modeled Vd obtained for seven particle sizes (ranging from 0.005 to 2.5 µm) for the five LUCs are 17, 12, 13, 16, and 27 % for the Z01, PZ10, KS12, ZH14, and ZS14 parameterizations, respectively. From the Sobol' sensitivity results, we suggest that the parameter rankings vary by particle size and LUC for a given parameterization. Overall, for dp = 0.001 to 1.0 µm, friction velocity was one of the three most influential parameters in all parameterizations. For giant particles (dp = 10 µm), relative humidity was the most influential parameter. Because it is the least complex of the five parameterizations, and it has the greatest accuracy and least uncertainty, we propose that the ZH14 parameterization is currently superior for incorporation into atmospheric transport models.
Pantoprazole, Prout and the proton pump (1999)

Pantoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor which has recently had its clinical license extended to include maintenance therapy for the treatment of reflux oesophagitis, Helicobacter pylori eradication and short-term intravenous administration. This article reviews the history of gastric acid secretion and examines the role of proton pump inhibitors, particularly pantoprazole, in the treatment of acid-related disorders.
The Pig PeptideAtlas: A resource for systems biology in animal production and biomedicine (2015)

Biological research of Sus scrofa, the domestic pig, is of immediate relevance for food production sciences, and for developing pig as a model organism for human biomedical research. Publicly available data repositories play a fundamental role for all biological sciences, and protein data repositories are in particular essential for the successful development of new proteomic methods. Cumulative proteome data repositories, including the PeptideAtlas, provide the means for targeted proteomics, system-wide observations, and cross-species observational studies, but pigs have so far been underrepresented in existing repositories. We here present a significantly improved build of the Pig PeptideAtlas, which includes pig proteome data from 25 tissues and three body fluid types mapped to 7139 canonical proteins. The content of the Pig PeptideAtlas reflects actively ongoing research within the veterinary proteomics domain, and this article demonstrates how the expression of isoform-unique peptides can be observed across distinct tissues and body fluids. The Pig PeptideAtlas is a unique resource for use in animal proteome research, particularly biomarker discovery and for preliminary design of SRM assays, which are equally important for progress in research that supports farm animal production and veterinary health, as for developing pig models with relevance to human health research.
A simple method for deriving I/O constraints from test sequences (2002)

I/O constraints are restrictions defined on the values of parameters of send or receive events in test sequences for test realization. I/O constraints generation is an important step when translating test sequences into abstract test suites. In this paper, a symbolic assignment substitution method is used to generate I/O constraints of test sequences derived from Extended Finite-State Machines (EFSM). The proposed method is simpler and combines the steps to determine feasibility of test sequence and to generate I/O constraints.
HVDC: ABB, de pionero a líder mundial (2008)

En 1954, cuando gran parte de Europa se encontraba ampliando su infraestructura de suministro eléctrico para mantener el ritmo de la creciente demanda, se producía silenciosamente a orillas del Mar Báltico un acontecimiento que afectaría a largo plazo a la transmisión de energía a larga distancia. Cuatro años antes, la organización estatal sueca de energía eléctrica, Swedish State Power Board, había adjudicado el pedido de un enlace de transmisión de corriente continua de alta tensión (HVDC) (el primero de carácter comercial del mundo) para su construcción entre el territorio continental de Suecia y la isla de Gotland. En ese año, 1954, se estaba poniendo en marcha. En la actualidad, ABB recuerda con orgullo sus muchas aportaciones a la tecnología HVDC. Desde el tendido de aquel primer cable submarino de 90 kilómetros de longitud, 100 kV y 20 MW, nuestra compañía se ha convertido en líder mundial indiscutible del sistema de transmisión HVDC. De los 110.000 MW de capacidad de transmisión HVDC que hoy se encuentran instalados en todo el mundo, más de la mitad los ha suministrado ABB.
Structure-Dependent Effects of Glucose-Containing Analogs of Platelet Activating Factor (PAF) on Membrane Integrity (2000)

Synthetic choline-containing phospholipids comprise a new class of compounds with antineoplastic properties. We have investigated the effect of recently synthesized glucose-containing analogs of lysophosphatidylcholine (glyceroglucophospholipid, Glc-PC) and of lysoplatelet activating factor (Glc-PAF) and its C16, C14 and C12 derivatives (ET-16, ET-14, and ET-12) on proliferation of immortalized human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells. The data were compared to the ability of the compounds to intercalate into phosphatidylserine liposomes and to form lesions in planar bilayer membranes. A correlation between bioactivity and membrane activity was found. The number of molecules that intercalated into phosphatidylserine liposomes depended on the chemical structure of the compounds and was in the order Glc-PAF approximately ET-16 approximately ET-14 > Glc-PC > ET-12. All compounds induced membrane lesions, and the lesion forming activity was in the same order. Similar activity rankings were found for the release of lactate dehydrogenase from HaCaT cells as a measure of lytic activity and for the influence on cell number as a measure of proliferation. In the latter test, however, proliferation was already inhibited at non-toxic concentrations. From these findings, it may be concluded that the intercalation of the compounds at toxic concentrations leads to the formation of membrane lesions and finally results in membrane rupture leading to cell death.
Effect of additional loads on torques during giant swing on the high bar (2007)

In Artistic Gymnastics the backward giant circle on the high bar is used to generate the angular momentum that the gymnast needs to perform certain release-regrasp and dismount skills. Due to muscl...
<title>Inspection of microsystems with a laser scanning microscope</title> (1999)

Hybrid microsystems with optical and mechanical functions can be implemented economically only by an automated assembly. In order to guarantee a high quality of the products, the use of a flexible and simply manageable process control system is necessary. The Laser-Scanning-Microscopy, based on the confocal microscopy, is suitable due to the variable magnification and the threedimensionally visualization ideally for the automated micro-assembly. The confocal Laser-Scanning- Microscope (CLSM) serves in fabrication and also in assembly apart from the process visualization for the analyze for micro surface structures, the detection of defects or the measurement of threedimensional geometries of microparts.
Interrelations Between Microstructure and Piezoelectric Sensitivity in Novel 0–3–0 Composites Based on 0.67Pb(Mg<sub>1/3</sub>Nb<sub>2/3</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>− 0.33PbTiO<sub>3</sub>Single Crystal (2011)

This paper reports results on effective piezoelectric properties of advanced composites based on polydomain relaxor-ferroelectric single crystals of 0.67Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 − 0.33PbTiO3. Two variants of the single crystal/porous polymer composite with 0–3–0 connectivity are proposed to study the role of microstructural factors in forming high piezoelectric sensitivity. The effective properties of the related 0–3 single crystal/polymer composite are predicted and considered to show ways of increasing the piezoelectric anisotropy and sensitivity. Examples of the volume-fraction and aspect-ratio dependences of the effective piezoelectric coefficients d 3j *, g 3j *, the hydrostatic piezoelectric coefficient gh *, and squared figures of merit d 33* g 33* and dh * gh * of composites are analysed to show in which ranges high piezoelectric sensitivity is attained. The presence of single-crystal polydomain inclusions in the porous 3–0 matrix promotes the large effective parameters (g 33* ∼ 103 mV · m/N, gh * ∼ 103 mV · m/N, d 33* g 33* ∼ 10−10 Pa−1, and dh * gh * ∼ 10−10 Pa−1), and the obvious high-performance advantage of the 0–3–0 composites is discussed taking into account features of their microstructure.
Upper Airway Collapsibility and Cephalometric Variables in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea (2000)

Increased pharyngeal collapsibility and abnormal anatomic structures have been postulated to contribute to the pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome. It is unclear whether the abnormal craniofacial and soft tissue features may affect the pharyngeal collapsibility and contribute to the apnea density. In the present study we examine the relationship between pharyngeal collapsibility and cephalometric variables in a group of 57 male OSA patients. Pharyngeal collapsibility was measured during the night of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) titration by analyzing the pressure-flow relationship. Pharyngeal critical pressure (Pcrit) was calculated as the extrapolated pressure at zero flow. The patients, age 52.0 +/- 9.0 yr, had an average apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of 72.6 +/- 31.8 and a mean Pcrit of 2.4 +/- 1.0 cm H(2)O. A significant correlation was found between Pcrit and the soft palate length (SPl) (r = 0.27, p = 0.04), the distance from the hyoid bone to the posterior pharyngeal wall (H-Ph) (r = 0. 29, p = 0.03), and the distance from the hyoid bone to posterior nasal space (H-Pns) (r = 0.32, p = 0.02). While in obese patients Pcrit was related to SPl and neck circumference, the distance of the hyoid bone to the mandibular plane (H-MP) affected Pcrit in nonobese patients. Our results show that both pharyngeal soft tissue abnormalities and the lower position of the hyoid bone affect Pcrit in OSA patients, suggesting that an anatomic narrowing contributes to the upper airway collapsibility.
Volitional components of consciousness vary across wakefulness, dreaming and lucid dreaming (2014)

Consciousness is a multifaceted concept; its different aspects vary across species, vigilance states, or health conditions. While basal aspects of consciousness like perceptions and emotions are present in many states and species, higher-order aspects like reflective or volitional capabilities seem to be most pronounced in awake humans. Here we assess the experience of volition across different states of consciousness: 10 frequent lucid dreamers rated different aspects of volition according to the Volitional Components Questionnaire for phases of normal dreaming, lucid dreaming, and wakefulness. Overall, experienced volition was comparable for lucid dreaming and wakefulness, and rated significantly higher for both states compared to non-lucid dreaming. However, three subscales showed specific differences across states of consciousness: planning ability was most pronounced during wakefulness, intention enactment most pronounced during lucid dreaming, and self-determination most pronounced during both wakefulness and lucid dreaming. Our data confirm the multifaceted nature of consciousness: different higher-order aspects of consciousness are differentially expressed across different conscious states.
Reversing charges or how to improve Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells culture on polyelectrolyte multilayer films (2013)

The culture surface seems to have a determining role in WJ-MSC's "spatial" behavior, which could be considered in the field of tissue engineering.
Definition of Species in the <I>Culex sitiens</I> Subgroup (Diptera: Culicidae) from Papua New Guinea and Australia (2000)

Japanese encephalitis is a disease of major importance in Asia, which from 1995 has extended its range into the north of Australia. Culex annulirostris Skuse of the Culex sitiens subgroup of Culex was incriminated as the most likely mosquito vector. Because misidentifications previously have occurred within this subgroup, our paper defines electrophoretic methods to identify Culex specimens from Queensland and the Northern Territory in Australia and from Western Province in Papua New Guinea. In collections from 1996 to 1998 Culex sitiens Wiedemann, Cx. palpalis Taylor, and Cx. annulirostris comprised 93.1% of the total banded proboscis Culex mosquitoes collected; 6.9% remained unidentified to species by morphological or electrophoretic examination. The prevalence of Cx. palpalis was variable and appeared to be associated with below average rainfall during 1997. In Papua New Guinea, this species comprised up to 97.4% of banded proboscis Culex, with smaller numbers collected from the Torres Strait Islands and Cape York; none was collected from other Queensland localities. Cx. annulirostris was more prevalent during years of average or above average rainfall and was predominant in most localities, especially in the Torres Strait and Queensland. These data confirmed the problems in separating Cx. sitiens from Cx. palpalis and Cx. annulirostris using morphological characters.
An Open VHDL-AMS Simulation Framework (2000)

The increasing importance of mixed-signal design among today and tomorrow's hardware systems brings up new challenges in the field of design tool construction. We present a newly developed VHDL-AMS simulation framework. It consists of a VHDL-AMS compiler, elaborator, and simulator comprising of a digital kernel and an analog kernel. The latter has an op en interface for the integration of different analog solvers. A coupling with a MATLAB kernel is described in this paper. Furthermore, the framework provides an interface for the integration of different synchronization algorithms. The presented framework has an open object-oriented architecture, which provides good capabilities for research in the field of mixed-signal simulation.
Determination of localized-state distributions in organic light-emitting diodes by impedance spectroscopy (2009)

A method for determining localized-state distributions in organic light-emitting diodes by impedance spectroscopy is proposed on the basis of a theory for single-injection space-charge-limited current. The method is sensitive and has high energy resolution. The applicability of the method is demonstrated in polyfluorene-based Green K (Sumation™) light-emitting polymer; the localized-state distributions in this polymer are mapped out in the energy range of 0.3–0.8 eV, both below the conduction-band mobility edge and above the valence-band mobility edge.
A Neighboring Optimal Controller for Disturbance Rejection During Vehicle Evasive Maneuvers (2011)

This paper presents design of a neighboring optimal controller for vehicle evasive maneuvers. The developed controller is tested in presence of varying and constant side force disturbances. A model of wind side force is presented and the controller is tested. On simulated vehicle maneuver cases, the controller shows good disturbance rejection capabilities. The controller is able to perform the maneuver even in presence of 30 m/s (67 mph) wind gust with less than 1cm of error. Also, testing the controller with different bank angles shows that even with 10% bank angle the vehicle performs the maneuver with only 5 cm of error.
Stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats as a model for toxemia of pregnancy and aggravating and preventive effects of maternal modifications during pregnancy on offspring's growth. (1990)

Genetical differences in changes in blood pressure (BP) were chronologically investigated during pregnancy in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP), Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Especially, the early stages were carefully studied. Maternal conditions in SHRSP were modified by the treatments with NaCl and taurine, respectively. BP in SHRSP and WKY rose significantly at the early stage of pregnancy compared to prepregnancy levels (SHRSP; 208 +/- 2 mmHg vs 197 +/- 5 mmHg, WKY; 133 +/- 2 mmHg vs 126 +/- 1 mmHg) (p less than 0.05). In contrast, no such changes were observed in SD rats. Differences in 24-hour urinary epinephrine excretion before and during pregnancy ran parallel with such BP changes among these strains. NaCl-loaded SHRSP died during pregnancy with severe pathohistological changes in their kidneys and severe proteinuria. Taurine treatment had a marked prophylactic effect on these maternal pathological changes during pregnancy, resulting in better growth in offsprings. These results suggest that SHRSP could be one of the suitable animal models for the studies on toxemia of pregnancy and also suggest an important role of hypertensive genetical disposition in the development of toxemia of pregnancy.
Distributed model predictive control for continuous-time nonlinear\n systems based on suboptimal ADMM (2017)

The paper presents a distributed model predictive control (DMPC) scheme for\ncontinuous-time nonlinear systems based on the alternating direction method of\nmultipliers (ADMM). A stopping criterion in the ADMM algorithm limits the\niterations and therefore the required communication effort during the\ndistributed MPC solution at the expense of a suboptimal solution. Stability\nresults are presented for the suboptimal DMPC scheme under two different ADMM\nconvergence assumptions. In particular, it is shown that the required\niterations in each ADMM step are bounded, which is also confirmed in simulation\nstudies.\n
Bile acids and their oxo derivatives: environmentally safe materials for drug design and delivery (2016)

Purpose: Animal tests have been often used in toxicology to determine parameters describing toxicity of a particular substance. However, in vivo tests must fulfill ethical requirements, and are both time and money consuming. Therefore, computational methods are considered to be very useful in toxicity prediction. Methods: Retention parameters were acquired by normal-phase TLC. Lipophilicity was used as a key parameter for predicting toxic potential. The correlation coefficients between calculated log P values obtained by five different software and experimentally determined hydrophobicity parameters ((tol/et), (tol/but), b(tol/et) and b(tol/but)) were calculated. Results: Correlation analysis provided reliable information (r2 > 0,8) for aquatic species – minnow, medaka, daphnia, and algae. In addition valuable data regarding rodents and AMES test were obtained. Conclusions: Tested bile acids show relatively good toxicological properties. Less toxic effects are noticed in compounds with higher polarity. Compounds 5, 6, 7, 12, and 13 would be the best candidates for further testing. These compounds show good biological potential which is coupled with low toxicity.
Mast Cells Play an Important Role in <i>Chlamydia pneumoniae</i> Lung Infection by Facilitating Immune Cell Recruitment into the Airway (2015)

Mast cells are known as central players in allergy and anaphylaxis, and they play a pivotal role in host defense against certain pathogens. Chlamydia pneumoniae is an important human pathogen, but it is unclear what role mast cells play during C. pneumoniae infection. We infected C57BL/6 (wild-type [WT]) and mast cell-deficient mice (Kit(W-sh/W-sh) [Wsh]) with C. pneumoniae. Wsh mice showed improved survival compared with WT mice, with fewer cells in Wsh bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), despite similar levels of cytokines and chemokines. We also found a more rapid clearance of bacteria from the lungs of Wsh mice compared with WT mice. Cromolyn, a mast cell stabilizer, reduced BALF cells and bacterial burden similar to the levels seen in Wsh mice; conversely, Compound 48/80, a mast cell degranulator, increased the number of BALF cells and bacterial burden. Histology showed that WT lungs had diffuse inflammation, whereas Wsh mice had patchy accumulations of neutrophils and perivascular accumulations of lymphocytes. Infected Wsh mice had reduced amounts of matrix metalloprotease-9 in BALF and were resistant to epithelial integral membrane protein degradation, suggesting that barrier integrity remains intact in Wsh mice. Mast cell reconstitution in Wsh mice led to enhanced bacterial growth and normal epithelial integral membrane protein degradation, highlighting the specific role of mast cells in this model. These data suggest that mast cells play a detrimental role during C. pneumoniae infection by facilitating immune cell infiltration into the airspace and providing a more favorable replicative environment for C. pneumoniae.
Communication over Doppler spread channels. II. Receiver characterization and practical results (2001)

For pt. I see ibid., vol. 25, no. 1, p. 62-72 (2000). A receiver for coherent communication through underwater communication channels is analyzed. The receiver performance and stability versus delay spread, Doppler spread, and signal-to-noise ratio is quantified. The stability is governed by the ill-conditioning of a correlation matrix estimate and it sets the limit on how many taps should be used for a channel with a given number of degrees of freedom. The receiver is used extensively on both simulated and real data that are Doppler spread, and good performance in these channels is verified.
Epipolar Geometry of Central Projection Systems Using Veronese Maps (2006)

We study the epipolar geometry between views acquired by mixtures of central projection systems including catadioptric sensors and cameras with lens distortion. Since the projection models are in general non-linear, a new representation for the geometry of central images is proposed. This representation is the lifting through Veronese maps of the image plane to the 5D projective space. It is shown that, for most sensor combinations, there is a bilinear form relating the lifted coordinates of corresponding image points. We analyze the properties of the embedding and explicitly construct the lifted fundamental matrices in order to understand their structure. The usefulness of the framework is illustrated by estimating the epipolar geometry between images acquired by a paracatadioptric system and a camera with radial distortion.