gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New Frontiers or the Treatment of Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome - Focused on Stem Cells, Platelet-Rich Plasma, and Low-Energy Shock Wave (2020)

Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS), which is characterized by bladder pain and irritative voiding symptoms, is a frustrating disease without effective treatment. The cause is still largely not understood, although urothelium ischemia/hypoxia, apoptosis, denudation, and infiltration of inflammatory cells are common histopathological findings. The current uncertainty regarding the etiology and pathology of IC/BPS has a negative impact on its timely and successful treatment; therefore, the development of new treatment modalities is urgently needed. Herein, we present advances in our knowledge on this topic and review the potential application of regenerative medicine for the treatment of IC/BPS. This article provides information on the basic characteristics and clinical evidence of stem cells, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and low-energy shock waves (LESWs) based on a literature review with a search strategy for articles related to IC/BPS, stem cells, PRP, and LESW published in MEDLINE and PubMed. Stem cells, PRP, and LESW, which modulate inflammatory processes and promote tissue repair, have been proven to improve bladder regeneration, relieve bladder pain, inhibit bladder inflammation, and increase bladder capacity in some preclinical studies. However, clinical studies are still in their infancy. Based on the mechanisms of action of stem cells, PRP, and LESW documented in many preclinical studies, the potential applications of regenerative medicine for the treatment of IC/BPS is an emerging frontier of interest. However, solid evidence from clinical studies remains to be obtained.
Engineering Analysis via Symbolic Computation — A Breakthrough (1990)

Since the early fifties, when the first codes for symbolic manipulations became available, their development and use have evolved into a scientific discipline. Besides the indisputable gain in efforts and higher reliability, the well-known methods of engineering analysis may acquire new dimensions, when performed via symbolic computation. There is a habitual aspect too. These days it may be more convenient for a researcher to work with a keyboard than with a pencil. The paper presents an overview of the main software available for symbolic computation and its applications to engineering analysis from the user’s viewpoint.
Bilinear and biquadratic exchange coupling in bcc Fe/Cu/Fe trilayers: Ferromagnetic-resonance and surface magneto-optical Kerr-effect studies (1993)

Ferromagnetic-resonance (FMR) and surface magneto-optical Kerr-effect (SMOKE) studies of the exchange coupling in bcc Fe/Cu/Fe(001) structures are presented. It is shown that the interfaces in bcc Fe/Cu/Fe(001) trilayers grown on a Ag(001) single-crystal substrate can be significantly improved by choosing an appropriate growth procedure. Low-energy electron-diffraction data are presented, which show that the bcc Cu(001) overlayer follows a nearly perfect bcc lattice. The exchange coupling in bcc Fe/Cu/Fe trilayers was studied as a function of interlayer thickness ranging from 7 to 14 monolayers. Quantitative data from FMR and SMOKE measurements are compared. The interpretation of magnetization loops for Fe/Cu/Fe trilayers requires the simultaneous presence of bilinear and biquadratic exchange coupling between the magnetic layers. Computer calculations were used to determine the strength of the bilinear and biquadratic exchange couplings. It is shown that the strength of the biquadratic exchange coupling increases with increasing terrace width. The measured values of the bilinear and biquadratic exchange coupling were compared with a model recently proposed by Slonczewski, which treats the exchange coupling in trilayers with imperfect interfaces. Slonczewski's model was used to deconvolute the data to obtain the intrinsic behavior of the bilinear exchange coupling in bcc Fe/Cu/Fe(001) trilayers. It is shown that the exchange coupling unobscured by interface roughness exhibits a strong short-wavelength oscillatory behavior that is in agreement with recent first-principles band calculations. Composite Ag-Cu structures were also studied. The presence of a few atomic layers of Ag(001) added to the Cu layer rapidly decreases the exchange coupling.
Immersive audio-augmented environments: the LISTEN project (2002)

The author reports on the LISTEN project, a research project funded by the European Commission in the context of the Information Society Technology (IST) program. LISTEN, which started in January 2001, will provide users with intuitive access to personalized and situated audio information spaces while they naturally explore everyday environments. A new form of multisensory content is proposed to enhance the sensual impact of a broad spectrum of applications ranging from art installations to entertainment events. This is achieved by augmenting the physical environment through a dynamic soundscape, which users experience over motion-tracked wireless headphones. Immersive audio-augmented environments are created by combining high-definition spatial audio rendering technology with advanced user modeling methods. These allow for adapting the content to the users' individual spatial behavior. The project will produce several prototypes and a virtual reality based authoring tool. Technological innovations will be validated under laboratory conditions, whilst the prototypes will be evaluated in public exhibitions.
Bromination of pyridines. II. Bromination of Aminopicolines (1989)

Abstract The bromination of all ten possible aminopicolines 1 – 10 was investigated. In general, the major brominated product was that corresponding to electrophilic attack at the sites para or ortho to the amino group.
Religious Currents and General Culture (1971)

Religious Currents and General Culture Get access Moshe Schwarcz Moshe Schwarcz Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Leo Baeck Institute Year Book, Volume 16, Issue 1, January 1971, Pages 3–17, https://doi.org/10.1093/leobaeck/16.1.3 Published: 01 January 1971
Eccentric beam to column junctions (1970)

May I, through the Society's Bulletinf draw attention to a stress condition occasionally occurring in framed structures which, I believe, is little recognised and seldom provided for. I refer to torsional and other stresses developed in columns as a result of lateral loads applied to frames with eccentric beam/column connections.
Liberal Theology for a Global World (1950)

Liberal Theology for a Global World Get access GRACE EDITH CAIRNS GRACE EDITH CAIRNS Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of the American Academy of Religion, Volume XVIII, Issue 2, April 1950, Pages 106–109, https://doi.org/10.1093/jaarel/XVIII.2.106 Published: 01 April 1950
Jamming and unjamming transition of oil-in-water emulsions under continuous temperature change (2015)

To analyze the jamming and unjamming transition of oil-in-water emulsions under continuous temperature change, we simulated an emulsion system whose critical volume fraction was 0.3, which was validated with experimental results under oscillatory shear stress. In addition, we calculated the elastic modulus using the phase lag between strain and stress. Through heating and cooling, the emulsion experienced unjamming and jamming. A phenomenon-which is when the elastic modulus does not reach the expected value at the isothermal system-occurred when the emulsion system was cooled. We determined that this phenomenon was caused by the frequency being faster than the relaxation of the deformed droplets. We justified the relation between the frequency and relaxation by simulating the frequency dependency of the difference between the elastic modulus when cooled and the expected value at the same temperature.
Joint chromatic aberration correction and demosaicking (2011)

Chromatic Aberration of lenses is becoming increasingly visible with the rise of sensor resolution, and methods to algorithmically correct it are becoming increasingly common in commercial systems. A popular class of algorithms undo the geometric distortions after demosaicking. Since most demosaickers require high frequency correlation of primary colors to work effectively, the result is artifact-ridden as Chromatic Aberration destroys this correlation. The other existing approach of undistorting primary color images before demosaicking requires resampling of sub-sampled primary color images and is prone to aliasing. Furthermore, this algorithm cannot be applied to panchromatic CFAs. We propose a joint demosaicking and Chromatic Aberration correction algorithm that is applicable to both panchromatic and primary color CFAs and suffers from none of the above problems. Our algorithm treats the mosaicing process as a linear transform that is invertible if luminance and chrominance are appropriately bandlimited. We develop and incorporate Chromatic Aberration corrections to this model of the mosaicing process without altering its linearity or invertibility. This correction works for both space variant linear filter demosaicking and the more aggressive compressive sensing reconstruction.
Anatomy‐based, patient‐specific VMAT QA using EPID or MLC log files (2015)

In this project, we investigated the use of an electronic portal imaging device (EPID), together with the treatment planning system (TPS) and MLC log files, to determine the delivered doses to the patient and evaluate the agreement between the treatment plan and the delivered dose distribution. The QA analysis results are presented for 15 VMAT patients using the EPID measurements, the ScandiDos Delta4 dosimeter, and the beam fluence calculated from the multileaf collimator (MLC) log file. EPID fluence images were acquired in continuous acquisition mode for each of the patients and they were processed through an in-house MATLAB program to create an opening density matrix (ODM), which was used as the input fluence for the dose calculation in the TPS (Pinnacle3). The EPID used in this study was the aSi1000 Varian on a Novalis TX linac equipped with high-definition MLC. The actual MLC positions and gantry angles were retrieved from the MLC log files and the data were used to calculate the delivered dose distributions in Pinnacle. The resulting dose distributions were then compared against the corresponding planned dose distributions using the 3D gamma index with 3 mm/3% passing criteria. The ScandiDos Delta4 phantom was also used to measure a 2D dose distribution for all the 15 patients and a 2D gamma was calculated for each patient using the Delta4 software. The average 3D gamma using the EPID images was 96.1% ± 2.2%. The average 3D gamma using the log files was 98.7% ± 0.5%. The average 2D gamma from the Delta4 was 98.1% ± 2.1%. Our results indicate that the use of the EPID, combined with MLC log files and a TPS, is a viable method for QA of VMAT plans.
Nitrate-responsive oral microbiome modulates nitric oxide homeostasis and blood pressure in humans (2018)

Imbalances in the oral microbial community have been associated with reduced cardiovascular and metabolic health. A possible mechanism linking the oral microbiota to health is the nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>)-nitrite (NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>)-nitric oxide (NO) pathway, which relies on oral bacteria to reduce NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> to NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>. NO (generated from both NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup> and L-arginine) regulates vascular endothelial function and therefore blood pressure (BP). By sequencing bacterial 16S rRNA genes we examined the relationships between the oral microbiome and physiological indices of NO bioavailability and possible changes in these variables following 10 days of NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> (12 mmol/d) and placebo supplementation in young (18-22 yrs) and old (70-79 yrs) normotensive humans (n = 18). NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> supplementation altered the salivary microbiome compared to placebo by increasing the relative abundance of Proteobacteria (+225%) and decreasing the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes (-46%; P < 0.05). After NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>supplementation the relative abundances of Rothia (+127%) and Neisseria (+351%) were greater, and Prevotella (-60%) and Veillonella (-65%) were lower than in the placebo condition (all P < 0.05). NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> supplementation increased plasma concentration of NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup> and reduced systemic blood pressure in old (70-79 yrs), but not young (18-22 yrs), participants. High abundances of Rothia and Neisseria and low abundances of Prevotella and Veillonella were correlated with greater increases in plasma [NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>] in response to NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> supplementation. The current findings indicate that the oral microbiome is malleable to change with increased dietary intake of inorganic NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>, and that diet-induced changes in the oral microbial community are related to indices of NO homeostasis and vascular health in vivo.
New Modalities in Conformationally Constrained Peptides for Potency, Selectivity and Cell Permeation (2013)

There has been a resurgence of interest in peptide pharmaceuticals as they have an advantage of potency, selectivity and less toxicity compared with small-molecule therapeutics. The main draw back of peptides is lack of stability to biological media. Constraining a peptide has been one of the approaches to improving in vivo stability of the peptides. Several new modalities in constraining peptides have been developed over recent years and this review highlights some of the new developments. The newer cyclization strategies have rendered, in some cases, oral activity, cell permeability, improved potency at the target receptor, selectivity against receptor subtypes and improved stability to enzymes. As chemists further understand the rules governing cell permeability, oral absorption and enhancing stability of peptides, we can expect to see more peptides entering clinic for many unmet medical needs.
Ethical aspects and dilemmas of fertility control of unwanted wildlife: an animal welfarist’s perspective (1997)

Proposals to manipulate the fertility of wild, free-living animals extend the domination humans already exercise over domesticated animals. Current lethal methods for population control include poisoning, trapping, hunting, dogging, shooting, explosives, fumigants, and deliberately introduced disease. Animal welfare interests are based on individual animal suffering, but those interests are often overshadowed by labelling of groups of animals as pests, resource species, national emblem or endangered species. Public concern for animal welfare and acceptance of new population control methods will be influenced by such labels. The animal welfare implications of new population control technology must be balanced against the existing inhumane lethal methods used. It will be difficult to resolve the dilemma of a mechanism for disseminating a fertility control agent that will cause some animal suffering (e.g. a genetically-manipulated myxoma virus for European rabbits), yet may reduce future rabbit populations and therefore the number suffering from lethal methods. An Animal Impact Statement is proposed as a tool to assist debate during development of fertility control methods and for decision making prior to their use. A comprehensive and objective Animal Impact Statement may introduce an ethic that moves the pendulum from attitudes that allow sentient animals to be destroyed by any and all available means, towards a more objective selection of the most effective and humane methods.
Tobacco Leaf Protein: I. An Evaluation of the Use of Putative Chemical Growth Enhancers for Tobacco Leaf Protein Production (1991)

Abstract Effects of foliar applications of long-chain fatty compounds on production of leaf protein from tobacco genotypes were evaluated. Triacontanol, purported to be a growth stimulant, had minimal effects on most experimental parameters. A propriety product, AgroLizer™, appeared to exert greater influence but results were inconclusive. Chemical treatments interacted with environmental conditions and tobacco genotype. Acid precipitation of the green fraction resulted in a pellet that could be easily removed by low speed centrifugation but produced a white fraction with lower protein percentage than heat precipitation of the green fraction. Triacontanol delayed flowering and extended vegetative growth in some genotypes. Increased cured leaf yields of flue-cured and Maryland type tobaccos were consistent but not statistically significant. An important finding was discovery of a genotype, T.I. 401, that produced high amounts of extractable leaf protein regardless of growth stage. This variety became the object of a follow-up investigation.
Performance of an optical detector preamplifier (1993)

The possibility for improvement of the signal-to-noise ratio of a Doppler lidar has been deduced theoretically and shown experimentally. An optical amplifier has been built up and integrated into a Doppler lidar. The measured improvement of the signal-to-noise ratio has been compared with the calculated value. The maximum range of the lidar has been increased because of improved signal-to-noise ratio.
Purification, composition, molecular weight, and subunit structure of ovine submaxillary mucin. (1977)

Ovine submaxillarymucin was isolated by modifications of published methods to give preparations with properties similar to those reported earlier.The last step in purification is the removal of small amounts of contaminating protein by gel filtration of mucin previously reacted with dansyl (5-dimethylaminonaphthalene-1-sulfonyl) chloride.The contaminating protein contained all of the protein-bound fluorescent dansyl groups.Asialomucin and apomucin were prepared from mucin by similar means after treatment with protease-free glycosidases.Each form of mucin contained a blocked NH,-terminal residue and was devoid of amino acids reactive with dansyl chloride.Threonine, serine, proline, glycine, and alanine accounted for about 75% of the amino acid content of each type of mucin.The composition of mucin suggests that the hydroxyl group of each threonine and serine residue in the molecule is in 0-glycosidic linkage with N-acetylgalactosamine and that about 86% of the Nacetylgalactosaminyl groups are in glycosidic linkage with sialic acid.The molecular weights of mucin, asialomucin, and apomucin were examined by sedimentation-equilibrium in the ultracentrifuge.Apomucin in 0.5 M sodium chloride behaved as a pure protein with a molecular weight of 58,300.Mucin and asialomucin appeared to aggregate in the same solvent, suggesting that aggregation is dependent upon the carbohydrate content of mucin.A more detailed ultracentrifugal analysis of mucin in 2 M sodium chloride indicates that mucin forms a self-associating system in which the extent of association is a function of ionic strength and protein concentration.It is concluded that association occurs among molecules of M,. = 154,000, which is close to the expected size of apomucin containing sialyl-cu2 + &N-acetylpalactosamine in 0-glycosidic linkage at each of the threonyl and seryl residues in the molecule. Mucinis the predominant sialic acid-containing glycopro-t&n in the mucous secretions of submaxillary glands.Its function, along with similar mucoproteins found in the respi-
A VISÃO DOS PROFESSORES SOBRE A INCLUSÃO ESCOLAR DE ALUNOS COM DEFICIÊNCIA1 (2016)

O presente texto aborda a visao de um grupo de professoras do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola da rede publica de Santa Maria/RS, sobre a inclusao de alunos com deficiencia no ensino regular. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo, cujas informacoes foram coletadas por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas. Os dados apontam que a inclusao de alunos com deficiencia na escola regular constitui-se um desafio por fatores tais como: insuficiencia na formacao inicial e continuada de professores, carencia de recursos humanos e materiais, turmas numerosas, alem de estrutura fisica inadequada. Conclui-se, assim, que a efetivacao da proposta inclusiva nas escolas demanda, dentre outros aspectos, a edificacao de estrategias formativas que favorecam a troca de experiencia entre os pares, compartilhando e construindo novos saberes que conduzam a mudancas em suas praticas.
Nocturia in the Dutch adult population (2002)

The prevalence of nocturia in Dutch men and women differs more than reported in earlier studies. The prevalence in the Netherlands seems slightly higher than in other Western countries, but Dutch persons with nocturia report fewer problems. Nocturia does not occur in isolation and is associated with sleep disturbances. It is worthwhile for general practitioners to routinely check whether patients who contact them for lower urinary tract symptoms or sleeping disorders have nocturia.
Role of alpha‐1 antitrypsin in human health and disease (2014)

Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is an under-recognized hereditary disorder associated with the premature onset of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, liver cirrhosis in children and adults, and less frequently, relapsing panniculitis, systemic vasculitis and other inflammatory, autoimmune and neoplastic diseases. Severe AAT deficiency mainly affects Caucasian individuals and has its highest prevalence (1 : 2000-1 : 5000 individuals) in Northern, Western and Central Europe. In the USA and Canada, the prevalence is 1: 5000-10 000. Prevalence is five times lower in Latin American countries and is rare or nonexistent in African and Asian individuals. The key to successful diagnosis is by measuring serum AAT, followed by the determination of the phenotype or genotype if low concentrations are found. Case detection allows implementation of genetic counselling and, in selected cases, the application of augmentation therapy. Over the past decade, it has been demonstrated that AAT is a broad-spectrum anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-infective and tissue-repair molecule. These new capacities are promoting an increasing number of clinical studies, new pharmacological formulations, new patent applications and the search for alternative sources of AAT (including transgenic and recombinant AAT) to meet the expected demand for treating a large number of diseases, inside and outside the context of AAT deficiency.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND TERATOGENIC ACTIVITY OF THALIDOMIDE ANALOGS INDANE‐1,3‐DIONES (1980)

Abstract Durch Umsetzung der Na‐Salze der Indandione (I) mit 3‐Bromglutarimid (II) erhält man die Indanylglutarimide (III).
Behavioral evaluation of visceral pain in a rat model of colonic inflammation (1999)

A new rat model was established up to evaluate the antinociceptive effect of compounds in visceral pain. The test consisted in measuring the performance of rats in an aversive light stimulus avoidance experimental device. Rats with TNBS-induced colitis had a lower number of total active lever pressings and did not discriminate the active lever from the inactive one. Morphine (1 mg/kg, s.c.) and CI-977 (0.001 mg/kg, s.c.) treatment restored the level of pressing activity of animals and their ability to discriminate the active lever from the inactive one. Naloxone treatment antagonized the improvement of performance produced by morphine. The results obtained indicate that this behavioral paradigm may be used to evaluate the antinociceptive potential of compounds.