gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lipid risk factors for atherosclerotic carotid artery disease in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (1998)

SUMMARY: We investigated the relationship between abnormalities of lipid metabolism and carotid atherosclerosis in 20 patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (11 men and nine women). Carotid ultrasonography was used to determine the combined thickness of the intima and media (I‐M thickness). the apo A‐I/apo B ratio showed a significant negative correlation with I‐M thickness ( P <0.05). In the patients with carotid plaque, the triglycerides (TG) level and the remnant‐like particle cholesterol level (RLP‐C) were significantly higher than in the patients without plaque ( P <0.05), and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and the apo AI/apo B ratio were significantly lower than in the patients without plaque ( P <0.05). Moreover, there was a strong relationship between the severity of plaque and TG, the apo AI/apo B ratio, and RLP‐C. Thus, abnormal lipid metabolism may contribute to progressive atherosclerosis, while TG, the apo AI/apo B ratio, and RLP‐C. levels may be useful indicators of atherosclerotic risk in peritoneal dialysis patients.
Batch and Continuous Ultrasonic Reactors for the Production of Methyl Esters from Vegetable Oils (2015)

International audience
XAFS Analysis of Local Structure around Ce in Ca3Sc2Si3O12:Ce Phosphor for White LEDs (2007)

We have studied the local structure around Ce atom in Ca3Sc2Si3O12 host crystal, which has been developed as a new green phosphor for white light emitting diodes (LEDs). As the local structure and chemical environment of the dopant atom are very important to improve the performance of the phosphor, we have used XAFS to get chemical and structural information around the Ce dopant. The XANES spectrum of the Ce LIII‐edge reveals that the Ce atom is trivalent in Ca3Sc2Si3O12. There are two kinds of possible Ce substitution sites, Ca site and Sc site, in garnet type Ca3Sc2Si3O12 crystal structure. The Ce atom is found to be at the Ca site in the host crystal by the comparison of the Fourier transform of Ce K‐edge EXAFS spectrum with those of Ca and Sc K‐edge EXAFS spectra. The theoretical analysis with FEFF also clarified the Ce substitution at the Ca site. Furthermore, the result of the analysis indicates the structural disorder around Ca and Si atoms at 3.75 Å. It is possible that there are some defects around the Ca and Si atoms at 3.75 Å to compensate the excess positive charge by introduced Ce3+ at the Ca2+ site.
Data security report (1996)

Highlights the findings of an extensive, questionnaire-based programme of research into data security among medium-sized and large organizations in the UK. Comments on the ways in which new trends in information technology will affect data security and emphasizes the need for companies continually to re-evaluate and upgrade their data security measures.
HYBRID CONTROLLER FOR GUST LOAD ALLEVIATION AND RIDE COMFORT IMPROVEMENT USING DIRECT LIFT CONTROL FLAPS (2009)

In this paper two robust H ∞ feedback control laws are designed, one for active wing bending damping, and one for active damping of the wing and hull bending modes. For the latter, not only symmetrically commanded ailerons are used, but also the elevator and direct lift control (DLC) flaps. The control objective of these feedback laws is the reduction of fatigue of the wing roots, as well as the improvement of ride comfort. Two different H∞ control design methods, DK iteration and HIFOO, are applied and compared. For the additional compensation of turbulence excited peak loads, the active wing bending damper is augmented by an adaptive feed-forward controller which uses the modified output of an alpha probe mounted at the front fuselage as reference signal. Numeric simulations with a state-space model of the symmetric dynamics of a large airliner are performed for validation of the controllers’ performances.
Raman Modes of MoS<sub>2</sub> Used as Fingerprint of van der Waals Interactions in 2-D Crystal-Based Heterostructures (2014)

In this work, we use Raman spectroscopy as a nondestructive and rapid technique for probing the van der Waals (vdW) forces acting between two atomically thin crystals, where one is a transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC). In this work, MoS2 is used as a Raman probe: we show that its two Raman-active phonon modes can provide information on the interaction between the two crystals. In particular, the in-plane vibration (E2g(1)) provides information on the in-plane strain, while the out-of-plane mode (A1g) gives evidence for the quality of the interfacial contact. We show that a vdW contact with MoS2 is characterized by a blue shift of +2 cm(-1) of the A1g peak. In the case of a MoS2/graphene heterostructure, the vdW contact is also characterized by a shift of +14 cm(-1) of the 2D peak of graphene. Our approach offers a very simple, nondestructive, and fast method to characterize the quality of the interface of heterostructures containing atomically thick TMDC crystals.
O.R. Applications Forest structure optimization using evolutionary programming and landscape ecology metrics (2005)

A new design framework is introduced for forest structure optimization based on a genetic algorithm landscape encoding and landscape ecology metrics. Landscape ecology is an important interface between the forest management community, which is a traditional user of operations research methods, and the biological conservation community which is relatively new to OR methods and whose goals are increasingly allied with the spatial ecology concepts emerging from landscape ecology. Deforestation and forest fragmentation are increasingly recognized as the underlying drivers of global biodiversity loss, hence forestry management will need to explicitly incorporate spatial ecology objectives. A deforestation model is presented which simulates a landscape progressively fragmenting by the incremental removal of forest patches. Principal components analysis (PCA) of multiple deforestation simulations captures the relative influence of the mean proximity index and the mean nearest neighbour distance, two widely used landscape ecology metrics. An evolutionary programming method based on a genetic encoding of landscape structure is used to optimize forest patch selection by maximizing landscape performance with respect to single and multiple landscape ecology metrics weighted according to the PCA. This optimization approach is envisioned as a key component of a new forestry OR paradigm for designing multiuse landscape systems, incorporating both biodiversity and community needs. � 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Étude chimique et biologique des neurotoxines d'Annona muricata L. (Annonaceae) pouvant être impliquées dans la survenue des parkinsonismes atypiques en Guadeloupe (2004)

En Guadeloupe, la proportion des parkinsoniens presentant des syndromes atypiques resistant a la dopatherapie est anormalement elevee. Ce phenomene ne semble pas limite a l'archipel. Les individus touches, parfois relativement jeunes, sont fortement handicapes. Leur esperance de vie est tres reduite. Une etude epidemiologique a mis en evidence un lien entre la survenue de ces parkinsonismes et la consommation de plantes de la famille des Annonaceae a des fins alimentaires ou medicinales. Au cours de cette these, nous avons contribue a l'evaluation chimique et biologique de la neurotoxicite potentielle de ces vegetaux par l'etude Annona muricata, Annonaceae la plus consommee en Guadeloupe. Un fractionnement bioguide de ses feuilles a designe les alcaloides isoquinoleiques et les acetogenines comme des neurotoxines potentielles. La caracterisation de ces metabolites dans des tisanes de feuilles, un nectar commercial et la pulpe du fruit a ete effectuee par spectrometrie de masse MALDI-TOF. Cette etude a confirme la presence d'alcaloides et a revele celle d'acetogenines dans tous les produits testes. Une evaluation des quantites des deux classes de metabolites ingerees par les consommateurs a ete realisee. Une etude biologique de l'annonacine, principale acetogenine de l'arbre, a ete menee in vitro et in vivo. La molecule induit, en intoxication sub-chronique systemique chez le rat, une neurodegenerescence etendue particulierement marquee dans les ganglions de la base et le mesencephale, schema compatible avec les examens anatomopathologiques de patients guadeloupeens. Elle indique de plus que les neurones dopaminergiques ne presentent pas de sensibilite accrue a l'inhibition generalisee du complexe I. L'ensemble de ces resultats renforce l'hypothese du role etiologique des Annonaceae dans les parkinsonismes atypiques guadeloupeens. Il souligne la contribution preponderante des acetogenines, et indique que ces dernieres sont principalement apportees par l'alimentation
Genetic Association between Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) Variation and High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) Among Non-Drinkers in Two Large Population Samples in Japan (2008)

The results of the present study suggested that genetic variation in the ALDH2 gene can influence HDL-C levels, independent of alcohol consumption.
Control of megakaryocyte development: from basic data to clinical results. (1993)

Megakaryocyte development is a multi-stage cell process which is positively regulated by a number of cytokines and negatively controlled mainly by megakaryocyte-platelet derived molecules. The glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) also play a regulatory role in this process. Understanding of this cell process and its regulation is of both basic and clinical significance in hematology and oncology. Future studies should focus on the pathophysiology of megakaryocytopoietic disorders and the clinical application of growth-regulating factors and GAGs.
ChemInform Abstract: DETHIOACETALIZATION WITH THALLIUM(III) NITRATE (1976)

Abstract Die Dithioketale (Ia), (IIa) und (IIIa) werden durch Thallium(III)‐nitrat unter milden Bedingungen (Reaktionstemperatur: 25°C ; Reaktionszeit: 5 ‐ 30 Min.) in Methanol/Äther‐ oder Methanol/Tetrahydrofuran‐Gemischen zu den entsprechenden Ketonen deketalisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Hydrolysis of Substituted Phenyloxiranes by Rabbit Liver Microsomal Epoxide Hydrolase. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The effects in volunteers of BW12C, a compound designed to left‐shift the blood‐oxygen saturation curve. (1985)

BW12C, a potent left-shifting anti-sickling compound in vitro, was administered to normal healthy male Caucasian volunteers. Doses of 2-20 mg kg-1 given by intravenous infusion over 1 h caused a dose-dependent left-shift of the blood-oxygen saturation curve and at the highest dose some 16% of the haemoglobin existed in a high affinity form. Peak left-shift was observed at the end of infusion and decayed thereafter with a mean half-life of approximately 3 h. There were no adverse systemic effects, either clinical, biochemical or haematological, but there was some local irritation at the intravenous infusion site if the infusion was too concentrated. Pharmacokinetic measurements indicated uptake into erythrocytes, low levels in plasma and a volume of distribution not appreciably greater than the blood volume. A pilot radiolabel study indicated extensive metabolism with elimination into the urine.
A New Approach to Terahertz Local Spectroscopy Using Microfabricated Scanning Near-Field Probe (2008)

In this paper, a new approach to local terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) using a microfabricated probe is reported. A microfabricated scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM) probe was assembled with a low-temperature-grown gallium arsenide (LT-GaAs) photoconductive antenna. The assembly was used as the THz emitter and local THz source. Another LT-GaAs antenna situated on the opposite side was used as the detector. A THz-TDS measurement using the microfabricated SNOM probe and photoconductive antenna was performed.
Diagnosis Expert System for the Activated Sludge Process Using Biota Observed by Microscopic Examination (1993)

A diagnosis expert system for the activated sludge process was developed in conformity to our experience and reported studies. Using the biota observed by microscopic and data measurement easily obtained, i.e. pH or DO etc., the process treatability or the activated sludge condition was diagnosed and evaluated by this system. In this paper, the effectiveness of the diagnosis expert system was investigated using the microscopic and measurement results from both the actual sewage treatment plant and the bench-scale experiment. As a result, the low loading and the progress of nitrification were presumed in the case of the actual plant and the variations of treatment condition depending on DO set values were evaluated satisfactorily in the case of the bench-scale experiment. Therefore, it was shown that this system was applicable to the diagnosis of the activated sludge process.
Progressive Duplicate Detection (2014)

Duplicate detection is the process of identifying multiple representations of same real world entities. Today, duplicate detection methods need to process ever larger datasets in ever shorter time: maintaining the quality of a dataset becomes increasingly difficult. We present two novel, progressive duplicate detection algorithms that significantly increase the efficiency of finding duplicates if the execution time is limited: They maximize the gain of the overall process within the time available by reporting most results much earlier than traditional approaches. Comprehensive experiments show that our progressive algorithms can double the efficiency over time of traditional duplicate detection and significantly improve upon related work.
Theoretical study of intramolecular hydrogen bonding and molecular geometry of 2-trifluoromethylphenol (1996)

The conformational behavior of 2-trifluoromethylphenol was investigated by means of theoretical calculations. Four characteristic structures have been found on the potential energy hypersurface of the compound: anti form (local minimum), in which the hydroxy hydrogen points away from the trifluoromethyl group; and three syn forms (the hydrogen points towards the trifluoromethyl group), with different trifluoromethyl torsions (global minimum, one low and another one high lying saddle-point). The geometry of these conformers were optimized by ab initio calculations using 6-31G** basis set. The effects of electron correlation were investigated by MP2 and various DFT methods. To investigate the intramolecular interaction in the syn forms, the electron density distribution was calculated at the MP2 level of theory. In the structure corresponding to the global minimum at the MP2/6-31G** level a bond critical point was found in Bader's sense between the hydroxy hydrogen and a fluorine of the trifluoromethyl group indicating hydrogen bonding interaction. The length of the hydrogen bond, 1.98 Å, corresponds to medium strength interaction. The O(SINGLE BOND)H bond is slightly twisted and the C(SINGLE BOND)F bond, interacting with it, is considerably twisted out of the plane of the benzene ring to the same side of the ring. The most pronounced geometrical consequence of the hydrogen bond is the 0.02-Å lengthening of the C(SINGLE BOND)F bond participating in its formation. All the other geometrical changes in 2-trifluoromethylphenol, as compared with trifluoromethylbenzene and phenol, are also consistent with the phenomenon of resonance-assisted hydrogen bonding. © 1996 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry of Pseudomonic Acid. Part 12. Preparation of Diazole and Triazole Derivatives. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Fungicidal activity of some o-nitrophenyl-hydrazones. (1996)

The antimycotic activity of 16 o-nitrophenylhydrazones against strains of Hansenula anomala, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida parapsylosis, and Cryptococcus albidus was tested. All 16 compounds inhibited growth of the yeast strains. The inhibitory activity of the 4 methyl-derivatives substituted on the aromatic nucleus was particularly significant.
ChemInform Abstract: New Methods for the Preparation of Hydrophenanthrenes. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Influence du statut bacterien sur la toxicite du tourteau de colza chez le rat. Interactions avec les enzymes hepatiques du metabolisme des xenobiotiques (1991)

Dans une premiere partie, l'etude du role de la microflore intestinale dans les effets antinutritionnels et physiopathologiques (goitre hypothyroidien, hypertrophie hepatorenale) des glucosinolates du tourteau de colza a ete approfondie. D'une part, la microflore intestinale humaine totale inoculee chez le rat ne sans germe metabolise les glucosinolates en derives toxiques. D'autre part, trois souches bacteriennes d'especes differentes (bacteroides vulgatus, escherichia coli, lactobacillus), autochtones du tube digestif de l'homme ou de l'animal, determinent chacune l'apparition de tout ou partie des symptomes. Chaque souche exercerait donc une action metabolique specifique a l'egard des glucosinolates. Dans une seconde partie, l'existence d'une interaction entre les derives bacteriens des glucosinolates et les enzymes hepatiques du metabolisme des xenobiotiques a ete demontree. Les metabolites bacteriens des glucosinolates induisent des variations de ces enzymes: le tourteau de colza reduit la concentration de cytochrome p450 et accroit l'activite de la glutathion-s-transferase et de l'udp-glucuronosyltransferase chez le rat conventionnel mais non chez le rat sans germe. Reciproquement, les enzymes du metabolisme des xenobiotiques contribueraient a l'activation de certains derives bacteriens des glucosinolates: chez le rat conventionnel, leur induction par le phenobarbital potentialise l'action deletere du tourteau de colza sur la croissance et les reins mais ne modifie pas les effets sur le foie et la thyroide. En conclusion, la toxicite du tourteau de colza se trouve eclatee en effets distincts resultant de voies d'action multiples
Computer-Assisted Neurosurgery (2005)

Computer-assisted neurosurgery has become so successful that it is rapidly becoming indistinguishable from, quite simply, neurosurgery. This trend promises to accelerate over the next several decades, bringing considerable benefit to the patients we care for. From a pragmatic point of view, can we identify specific instances in which clinical practice has been altered by computer assistance? During craniotomies for the resection of brain tumors, this technology has led to a greater standardization within and among practitioners for the expected degree of resection and the risk of morbidity and mortality. Minimally invasive approaches are transforming the practice of cranial base surgery. This technological trend has made craniotomy for biopsy virtually obsolete in the face of frameless stereotactic techniques. Functional neurosurgery has benefited from these technologies, as deep brain stimulation surgery has become the standard of care for most cases of movement disorder surgery. Extratemporal epilepsy due to cortical dysplasia has proven especially amenable to image-guided surgical techniques that integrate electrophysiological monitoring to refine the target of resection. New surgical procedures made possible by computer assistance include minimally invasive spine surgery, endovascular procedures, resections of low-grade nonenhancing gliomas, and stereotactic radiosurgery. A program for future research and development in this field would include: Electronic patient medical records. Automatic dynamic and elastic registration Novel surgical instrumentation guided by augmented reality Real-time feedback using anatomic and functional information Active robotic servo control systems to amplify neurosurgical capabilities Outcomes analysis-driven refinement of neurosurgical interventions. It is apparent that using computer assistance in neurosurgery has begun a process that will irrevocably transform all of neurosurgical practice itself. It must be neurosurgeons themselves who provide the leadership to transcend the potentially distracting aspects of this technological revolution. What shall not change is the commitment that we, as neurosurgeons, have to the welfare of our patients.
Real‐Time Speech‐Driven Face Animation (2002)

This chapter contains sections titled: Abstract Introduction Motion Units – The Visual Representation MUPs and MPEG-4 FAPs Real-Time Audio-to-MUP Mapping Experimental Results The iFACE System Conclusion References
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Transannular Diels‐Alder Reaction of a 13‐Membered Macrocyclic Triene Having a Tetrasubstituted Enol Ether as Dienophile. (1990)

Abstract The title reaction only proceeds with the triene (VII) and fails with the analogue derived from the compound (VIb).
Characterization of the T cell antigen receptor - p60<sup>fyn</sup> protein tyrosine kinase association by chemical cross-linking (1992)

Engagement of the TCR by specific antigen results in activation of a tyrosine kinase pathway. A candidate for the kinase responsible for the rapid tyrosine phosphorylation detected with T cell activation is p60fyn, a member of the src kinase family. In an earlier study [Samelson et al. (1990) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 87:4358] this enzyme was co-immunoprecipitated with the TCR from T cells solubilized in digitonin. In that study a sensitive in vitro kinase assay was used to detect the associated p60fyn. It was subsequently found that the reproducibility of the interaction depended on lot-to-lot variations in digitonin. To eliminate the possibility that the association of antigen receptor and kinase is an artifact of solubilization with ill-defined digitonin preparations, a cross-linking protocol was developed to stabilize the interaction between the TCR and p60fyn. T cells were permeabilized with tetanolysin and proteins were cross-linked with the water soluble chemical cross-linker, 3,3' dithiobis(sulfosuccinimidylpropionate). These experiments allowed the confirmation of the interaction between the TCR, p60fyn, and several additional proteins. The cross-linking studies also enabled the mapping of the interaction of p60fyn and associated proteins to the TCR zeta-chain. This technique should have a general use in stabilizing interactions between other receptors and molecules required for intracellular signaling.
Control circuit for DC/DC converters (2002)

The goal of this paper is to propose and describe a control circuit to drive DC/DC converters. This circuit is applicable to many classic PWM topologies, QRC, MRC and resonant converters, and also to some variants of these classic topologies. The circuit proposed has been made with surface mounting techniques (SMD) and allows control of topologies of one or two transistors, working at constant frequency (PWM) or variable frequency (constant on-time or off-time). Furthermore, it allows generation of two driving signals shifted 180/spl deg/, applicable to typical topologies such as push-pull, half-bridge or full-bridge, as well as to generate complementary signals with adjustable delays, for topologies with demagnetization network, or half-bridge or full-bridge converters with complementary control.