gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Decrement in auditory nerve function following acute high rate stimulation using various stimulus paradigms in guinea pigs [Abstract] (1996)

Previous experimental studies have shown that chronic electrical stimulation of the auditory nerve using charge balanced biphasic current pulses at rates of up to 500 pulses per second (pps) do not adversely affect the adjacent spiral ganglion population. More recently psychophysical trials have indicated that speech processing strategies based on high pulse rates (1000 pps or more) can improve speech perception in cochlea implant patients. In this paper we summarize the results following acute high rate stimulation using different stimulus paradigms.
Proceedings of the Tri-Service Conference on Corrosion Held in Atlantic City, New Jersey on 17-19 October 1989 (1989)

The purpose of this conference is to develop new directions, and highlight the awareness that the problems of corrosion in the military are far from over. There is a serious need for new approaches, methods and products for our aging weapon systems. Concepts like smart coatings, materials with artificial intelligence, sensors and electric field or electronic barriers for corrosion protection will become the technology of tomorrow. The paper published in this proceeding cover a wide variety of topics such as organic and inorganic coatings, inhibitors, environmental assisted cracking, new materials, electronics and EMI corrosion, measurement techniques, sensors and corrosion monitors, tribology, failure analysis, lessons learned, and others of general interest. Keywords: Corrosion inhibition/resistance; Organic/ceramic coatings; Military aircraft/airframes; Military equipment/finishes; Corrosion/symposia; Gun barrels; Aerospace systems/survivability; Metal coatings; Plating/naval vessels; Tribology; Corrosion resistant alloys; Hydrogen embrittlement; Superalloys; High temperature; Gas turbines; Stress corrosion; Avionics; Monitoring/monitors; Electromagnetic interference/pulses.
Mithramycin inhibits expression of the novel pluripotency factor musashi-2 in lung cancer cells (2014)

Zhang, Mary R. MS, RN; Xi, Sichuan MD, PhD; Oyetunji, Shakirat MD; Shukla, Vivek PhD; Rao, Mahadev PhD; Hong, Julie MS; Schrump, David S. MD, MBA, FACS Author Information
Correction to “The spatial density of foreshocks” (2011)

[1] In the paper “The spatial density of foreshocks” by Emily E. Brodsky (Geophysical Research Letters, 38, L10305, doi:10.1029/2011GL047253, 2011) Figures 1 and 3 contained an error in the mode curve used to represent the background seismicity. The corrected figures appear here.
A General Framework for Certifying Garbage Collectors and Their Mutators (Supplement) (2006)

1. The concrete representation of an atomic value is the same as its virtual representation. 2. Registers not in the domain of the virtual state (excepting gcInfo) can be changed in the concrete state without affecting the view. 3. Registers in the domain of the virtual state can be copied to other registers (thereby expanding the domain of the virtual state). 4. Registers can be removed from the domain of the virtual state. 5. Registers with atomic values (once again, excluding gcInfo) can be added to the domain of the virtual state.
Cover Image (2019)

The cover image, by David Goldberg MD, JD, FAAD et al., is based on the Review Article Radial shockwave therapy for male erectile rejuvenation in a dermatology and/or medical aesthetic practice. DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13022.
EVALUATION IN YOUNG CHILDREN OF THE URABE AM 9 STRAIN OF LIVE ATTENUATED MUMPS VACCINE IN COMPARISON WITH THE JERYL LYNN STRAIN (1983)

Urabe Am 9, a new strain of mumps vaccine, originally developed in Japan, was evaluated in children 14 to 20 months of age in a comparative trial with the Jeryl Lynn strain. Both vaccines performed well. The antibody responses were measured using a neutralization test and a haemolysis-in-gel test. The seroconversion rates at six weeks, as detected with either one or both tests, were 55/58 (94.8%) after the Urabe Am 9 and 58/60 (96.7%) after the Jeryl Lynn vaccine. Only mild infrequent adverse reactions were observed. It is concluded that both strains of live attenuated mumps vaccine are immunogenic and well-tolerated in this age group.
Testicular Sterols (1967)

Abstract Crude homogenates of rat testicular tissue (centrifuged at 10,000 x g for 20 min) do not convert mevalonic acid into squalene and sterols. Enzymes in the supernatant fraction from high speed centrifugation (105,000 x g) of testicular homogenate from rats or guinea pigs catalyze the formation of prenol pyrophosphates from mevalonate. Two cell-free preparations of rat testicular tissue have been obtained that catalyze the incorporation of mevalonate into squalene and lanosterol. In one system, prenol pyrophosphate is formed by incubation of the soluble enzymes with mevalonic acid, fluoride, and appropriate cofactors. After heat inactivation of the soluble enzymes, squalene is formed during subsequent anaerobic incubation with testicular microsomes, and squalene and lanosterol are formed during subsequent aerobic incubation with a crude homogenate of testicular tissue. In the second system, microsomes dialyzed against 5 mm Mn++ and soluble enzymes dialyzed against 30 mm F- are incubated together with mevalonic acid, cofactors, an adenosine triphosphate-generating system, and a reduced triphosphopyridine nucleotide-generating system. The major product formed from mevalonate was squalene. Crude homogenates of rat testicular tissue contain many endogenous factors that affect the rate of incorporation of mevalonate into prenol pyrophosphates and nonsaponifiable lipids. Microsomes contain a very active adenosine triphosphatase that is inhibited by dialysis at 4° in the absence of Mn++ or by dialysis at 19° with Mn++. Microsomes also contain a prenol pyrophosphate pyrophosphohydrolase that is partially inhibited by 5 mm Mn++. A labile phosphatase has been isolated from the soluble fraction. The soluble phosphatase catalyzes the hydrolysis of inorganic phosphate from mevalonate 5-phosphate. The phosphatase is inhibited completely by dialysis against 30 mm F-. Successful incorporation of mevalonate into prenol pyrophosphates and squalene by simultaneous incubation of microsomes and soluble enzymes is ascribed either to suitable inactivation of the competing enzymatic processes or to compensation by the addition of cofactor-generating systems. Comparison of similar synthetic and competitive activities from rat liver and rat or guinea pig testis indicates that the ratio of synthetic activities to competitive processes is much more favorable for sterol synthesis by liver enzymes than by testicular enzymes.
Chemical constituents from Zanthoxylum setulosum (Rutaceae) (Costituyentes químicos de Zanthoxylum setulosum (Rutaceae)) (2011)

Following our phytochemical studies of Costa Rican plants, in this work we report the isolation and identification of eight compounds from aerial parts of Zanthoxylum setulosum (Rutaceae). They were identified as the alkaloid skimmianine, the lignans savinin, kusunokinin, sesamin, syringaresinol and the isopentenyl ether of pluviatol, the amide aurantiamide acetate, and the triterpen lupeol. This is the first report of isolation of skimmianine from the leaves of Z. setulosum and its presence confirm that quinoline and benzophenanthridine alkaloids, can be considered as chemotaxonomic markers of this genus. All the isolated compounds were characterized by spectroscopic methods (including 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, , HMQC, HMBC and NOESY) and comparison with the literature data.
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone exerts rapid nuclear effects to increase production of the primary prolactin mRNA transcript. (1981)

This report directly documents that a polypeptide hormone can regulate specific gene expression as a consequence of increasing the levels of a primary genomic transcript. The regulation and expression of the prolactin gene was studied in a cell line (GH4) derived from a rat pituitary tumor. These cells respond to addition of the hypothalamic tripeptide, thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH; thyroliberin), by elevation of the levels of mature prolactin mRNA and increase in prolactin biosynthesis. The message induction is preceded by, and apparently consequential to, a comparable rapid increase in the nuclear prolactin RNA precursors, including the putative primary transcript.
ChemInform Abstract: INTRAMOLECULAR DIBROMO KETONE‐IRON CARBONYL REACTION IN TERPENE SYNTHESIS (1979)

Abstract Einem hypothetischen biogenetischen Prozeß entsprechend werden Cyclisierungsreaktionen unter Bildung von Terpenen durchgeführt.
Compressive Sensing for Wireless Sensor Networks (2012)

Compressive sensing (CS) is a new paradigm in signal processing and sampling theory. The chapter introduces the mathematical foundations of this novel theory and explores its applications in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). CS is an important achievement in sampling theory and signal processing. The CS theory has found applications in many scientific and industrial areas like magnetic resonance imaging, multimedia, genetics, and WSNs. In every area, there are customized algorithms and techniques that try to improve the CS performance for a specific data acquisition and recovery technique. Moreover, transform coding and CS are strongly connected topics and having a good knowledge of transform coding helps in better understanding of CS and its advantages. The sensor recordings are transmitted periodically over a communication channel. Depending on the technology used for a transferring data, this process entails different levels of transmission cost.
Defenses against Oxidative Stress in<i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i>: a System Tailored for a Challenging Environment (2006)

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a host-adapted pathogen that colonizes primarily the human genitourinary tract. This bacterium encounters reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species as a consequence of localized inflammatory responses in the urethra of males and endocervix of females and also of the activity of commensal lactobacilli in the vaginal flora. This review describes recent advances in the understanding of defense systems against oxidative stress in N. gonorrhoeae and shows that while some of its defenses have similarities to the paradigm established with Escherichia coli, there are also some key differences. These differences include the presence of a defense system against superoxide based on manganese ions and a glutathione-dependent system for defense against nitric oxide which is under the control of a novel MerR-like transcriptional regulator. An understanding of the defenses against oxidative stress in N. gonorrhoeae and their regulation may provide new insights into the ways in which this bacterium survives challenges from polymorphonuclear leukocytes and urogenital epithelial cells.
A new MAC design in LTE for MIMO multiuser schemes (2013)

Long Term Evolution (LTE) supports closed-loop Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) techniques, as a mechanism to improve system performance. An open topic since the appearance of MIMO is whether the feedback load, that is required for its operation, compensates the performance improvement in practical systems. The availability of full Channel State Information at the Transmitter (CSIT) induces a large feedback load, so that any Partial CSIT scheme has a better chance to be considered in practical systems. This paper presents an LTE-MAC design for MIMO Multiuser transmission where Partial CSIT is required. The aim is to achieve simultaneous downlink transmissions to multiple users. Mathematical expressions are provided for the performance evaluation in terms of the system sum rate and throughput.
A New Species in the Chilopod Genus Theatops (1951)

The finding o2 a new species of Theatops, making the 2ourth well de2ined species known in the genus, is of considerable interest. The type of the new form was taken in a cave in Sonora, Texas, and may be a definitely cavern- icolous species. The our species of the genus may be distinguished by means of the following key.
Mass transport and nanoparticle alignment in gold patterns produced by laser interference (2011)

11th. International Conference on Laser Ablation, Playa del Carmen, Mexico, November 13-19 2011
Risk of Malignancy, Infection, Serious Infection, and Acute Health Care Use in Patients With Crohnʼs Disease Treated With Adalimumab vs. Immunosuppressants (2012)

Purpose: Patients treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) agents or immunosuppressants (IS) may be at increased risk of developing malignancies or infections. We compared the risk of malignancy, infection, serious infection (inpatient hospitalization [IP] or emergency department visit [ED] for infection), and acute health care use (IP/ED visit for any cause) in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) who initiated adalimumab (ADA) or IS. Methods: Patients aged 18-64 years with ≥2 CD diagnoses (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision [ICD-9]: 555) were selected from Thomson Reuters MarketScan® database between 1/1/2000 and 31/12/2010. Patients with ulcerative colitis, concomitant users of ADA and IS, and IS-treated patients using anti-TNF agents during baseline (6 months before ADA or IS initiation) or follow-up were excluded. Patients with malignancy or infection during baseline were excluded from malignancy and infection/serious infection analyses, respectively. Patients were followed from ADA or IS initiation until the end of eligibility. Cox proportional-hazards models adjusting for significant baseline differences were used to assess the risk of events. Results: Depending on the outcome of interest, the sample size ranged from 1965 to 2195 for ADA and 5893 to 6477 for IS. During baseline, the IS group was more likely to use aminosalicylates, whereas, the ADA group had higher rates of corticosteroid and antibiotic use, fistulas, and nongastrointestinal comorbidities. Median follow-up time was 330 and 427 days for the ADA and IS groups, respectively. One-year rates of events for ADA and IS were as follows: 2.6% and 3.2% for malignancy (P=0.267), 14.1% and 11.8% for infection (P=0.001), 5.7% and 4.4% for serious infection (P=0.004), 39.9% and 36.9% for acute health care use (P=0.142). The p-value is based on log-rank test of the KM curves for the entire follow-up period. After adjusting for baseline differences, all risks were similar between the groups (Table).Table: No Caption available.Conclusion: Even though patients treated with biologics may have more severe disease, there were no significant differences in the risk of malignancy, infection, serious infection, or acute health care use in patients with CD who initiated ADA vs. IS. Disclosure: Jean-Frédéric Colombel - Lecture fee(s): Abbott. Consultancy: Abbott. Roopal B Thakkar - Employee & Stockholder: Abbott. Majin M Castillo - Employee & Stockholder: Abbott. Anne M Robinson - Employee & Stockholder: Abbott. Martha Skup - Employee & Stockholder: Abbott. Mei Yang - Employee & Stockholder: Abbott. Elyse Swallow - Employee: Analysis Group, under contract with Abbott. Rachael Sorg - Employee: Analysis Group, under contract with Abbott. Jingdong Chao - Employee & Stockholder: Abbott. Parvez M Mulani - Employee & Stockholder: Abbott.
AUTOMATIC DIRECT ANALYSIS OF A<sub>2</sub>B<sub>2</sub> NUCLEAR MAGNETICRESONANCE SPECTRA (1966)

A method for complete direct analysis of A 2 Ba n.m.r. spectra is described. The number of possible combinations of spectral lines is reduced from 1 663 200 to 128 by classifying the lines into six pairs. The method is equally effective in analyzing both overlapping and non-overlapping line systems. The n.m.r. spectra of phenazine, 2,3-dimethylquinoxaline, thianthrene, naphthalene, and o-dichlorobenzene are analyzed; they give theoretical spectra which agree well with the observed spectra.
Carotid endarterectomy (2000)

Two millennia ago Julius Caesar opined that “men willingly believe what they wish.” There is some evidence that this observation still applies to many in the medical community when dealing with carotid artery disease.

In 1991, the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial (NASCET) and the European Carotid Surgery Trial (ECST) proved that endarterectomy was beneficial for patients symptomatic with 70 to 99% stenosis. With only 1,000 patients, the trials established what the previous anecdotal experiences of one million patients had failed to affirm. The absolute risk reduction of ipsilateral stroke from endarterectomy in NASCET was 17.5%.1 In 1998 an aggregation of 6,000 patients with 50% stenosis were reported by both trials to have a reduced benefit.2,3⇓ Careful selection of candidates is mandatory. They must be similar to the studies’ patients.

The Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis Study (ACAS), reported a significant benefit for endarterectomy in asymptomatic individuals.4 The risk/benefit ratio was narrow and the number of asymptomatic subjects needed to treat (NNT) to prevent one stroke in 2 years is between 67 and 83.5

These randomized trials have clarified the criteria for achieving benefit from endarterectomy. Caution must be exerted in applying this new knowledge, as applied in the three areas of importance: choice of surgeon, choice of patient, and choice of preliminary investigations.

Two articles in this issue, one by O’Neill et al.6 and the other by Chaturvedi et al.,7 report on the first of these concerns: dealing with …
<title>Mobile scanning x-ray source for mine detection using backscattered x rays</title> (1997)

A continuously operating, scanning x-ray machine is being developed or landmine detection using backscattered x-rays. The source operates at 130 kV and 650 mA. The x-rays are formed by electrons striking a high Z target. Target shape is an approximate 5 cm wide by 210 cm long racetrack. The electron beam is scanned across this target with electromagnets. There are 105, 1-cm by 1-cm collimators in each leg of the racetrack for a total of 210 collimators. The source is moved in the forward direction at 3 mi/h. The forward velocity and collimator spacing are such that a grid of collimated x-rays are projected at normal incidence to the soil.T he spacing between the collimators and the ground results in a 2-cm by 2-cm x-ray pixel on the ground. A unique detector arrangement of collimated and uncollimated detectors allows surface features to be recognized and removed, leaving an image of a buried landmine. Another detector monitors the uncollimated x-ray output and is used to normalize the source output. The mine detector is being prepared for an advanced technology demonstration (ATD). The ATD is scheduled for midyear of 1998. The results of the source performance in pre ATD tests will be presented.
Cytokine expression in human dermal fibroblasts stimulated with eosinophil cationic protein measured by protein array (2013)

ECP is not cytotoxic but enhances the growth of NHDF. CNTF, NAP-2, and NT-3 were suggested to be involved in enhancing the growth of NHDF. These findings will contribute to determination of the role of ECP in allergic inflammation.
Identification of the position of the sulphate substituent in methyl α-D-mannopyranoside monosulphates by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (1991)

The positive and negative ion fast atom bombardment mass spectra of methyl α-D-mannopyranoside 2-, 3-, 4- and 6-(sodium sulphate) show distinct pseudo-molecular ions. The fragment ions in the mass spectra are insufficiently characteristic to differentiate among the positional isomers. The tandem mass spectra of the [M + Na]+ and [M − Na]− ions, however, are suitable for identification of the position of the sulphate group.
c-type Lysozymes: what do their introns hide? (2014)

Abstract The introns of five c-type lysozymes were translated into amino acid sequences: parts of them corresponded to fragments of biologically active proteins. The amino acid sequences of translated introns seem to have a similar behavior as those arising from exons.
Thyroid‐associated genetic polymorphisms in relation to breast cancer risk in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (2017)

Previous studies have suggested that thyroid function is associated with breast cancer risk, which could have an important clinical impact, as one in eight women will develop a thyroid disorder during her lifetime. However, the underlying pathomechanism behind the association is still unknown. We used the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (a population-based prospective study consisting of 17,035 women) to examine 17 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously related to levels of free thyroxine (free T4) and thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO-Ab) as potential genetic risk factors for breast cancer. A baseline examination including free T4 and TPO-Ab levels was conducted at the time of inclusion. Genotyping was performed on 901 breast cancer patients and 3335 controls. Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for high free T4, TPO-Ab positivity, and breast cancer were calculated by logistic regression and adjusted for confounders. We identified one free T4-related SNP (rs2235544, D101 gene) that was significantly associated with both free T4 level and breast cancer risk. There was a suggested association between rs11675434 (TPO gene) and TPO-Ab level, and TPO-Ab-related rs11675434 (TPO), rs3094228 (HCP5), rs1033662 (no registered gene), and rs301806 (RERE) were associated with breast cancer risk. There was an indicated interaction between rs6485050 (no registered gene) and free T4 level in regards to breast cancer risk. This is the first study to suggest an association between thyroid-related SNPs and breast cancer risk. All SNPs have a biological plausibility of being associated with breast cancer risk, and may contribute to the genetic predisposition to breast cancer.
Microgravity Analogues of Herpes Virus Pathogenicity: Human Cytomegalovirus (hCMV) and Varicella Zoster (VZV) Infectivity in Human Tissue Like Assemblies (TLAs) (2009)

The old adage we are our own worst enemies may perhaps be the most profound statement ever made when applied to man s desire for extraterrestrial exploration and habitation of Space. Consider the immune system protects the integrity of the entire human physiology and is comprised of two basic elements the adaptive or circulating and the innate immune system. Failure of the components of the adaptive system leads to venerability of the innate system from opportunistic microbes; viral, bacteria, and fungal, which surround us, are transported on our skin, and commonly inhabit the human physiology as normal and imunosuppressed parasites. The fine balance which is maintained for the preponderance of our normal lives, save immune disorders and disease, is deregulated in microgravity. Thus analogue systems to study these potential Risks are essential for our progress in conquering Space exploration and habitation. In this study we employed two known physiological target tissues in which the reactivation of hCMV and VZV occurs, human neural and lung systems created for the study and interaction of these herpes viruses independently and simultaneously on the innate immune system. Normal human neural and lung tissue analogues called tissue like assemblies (TLAs) were infected with low MOIs of approximately 2 x 10(exp -5) pfu hCMV or VZV and established active but prolonged low grade infections which spanned .7-1.5 months in length. These infections were characterized by the ability to continuously produce each of the viruses without expiration of the host cultures. Verification and quantification of viral replication was confirmed via RT_PCR, IHC, and confocal spectral analyses of the respective essential viral genomes. All host TLAs maintained the ability to actively proliferate throughout the entire duration of the experiments as is analogous to normal in vivo physiological conditions. These data represent a significant advance in the ability to study the triggering mechanisms which surround Herpes vial reactivation and proliferation. Additionally, prolonged replication of these viruses will allow the tracking of viral genomic shift.