gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CHARACTERIZATION OF THE ANTIBIOTIC THIOLUTIN AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH AUREOTHRICIN (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCHARACTERIZATION OF THE ANTIBIOTIC THIOLUTIN AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH AUREOTHRICINWalter D. Celmer, Fred W. Tanner Jr., M. Harfenist, T. M. Lees, and I. A. SolomonsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 24, 6304–6305Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01144a529https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01144a529research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views109Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cationic Host-Guest Polymerization ofN-Vinylcarbazole and Vinyl Ethers in MCM-41, MCM-48, and Nanoporous Glasses (2001)

The synthesis of poly(vinyl ether)s or polyvinylcarbazole under the conditions of constricted geometry can be achieved by means of cationic host-guest polymerisation of the corresponding monomers in the pores of MCM-41 (pore diameter 3.6 nm), MCM-48 (pore diameter 2.4 nm) and in nanoporous glasses (Gelsil with a pore diameter of 5 nm) with bis(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl chloride (BMCC) or triphenylmethyl chloride as the internal surface initiator. The reaction products are new polymer/ MCM-41, polymer/MCM-48 etc., host-guest hybrid materials. The molecular mass of the enclosed polymer and the degree of loading of the host compounds can be adjusted within certain limits. The molecular dynamics were investigated by using broad-band dielectric spectroscopy. Under the conditions of constricted geometry, molecular fluctuation is observed as well as a secondary beta-relaxation, which is hardly affected (in comparison with the free melt) and which corresponds to the relaxation between structural substates (dynamic glass transition). This process is several orders of magnitude faster in its relaxation rate than in the free melt and thus follows a confinement effect. This is already well known in lower molecular weight systems with constricted geometry.
Genomics and epigenomics of colorectal cancer (2013)

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancer types worldwide and accounts for approximately 600,000 deaths annually. Work over the last decades has uncovered a number of tumor-suppressor and oncogenes which are frequently mutated and might thus be responsible for the malignant transformation. However, only with the development of new high-throughput technologies systematic analyses of the genome and epigenomes became feasible. While data generation has increased exponential, we are now faced with new challenges to transform these data into useful models that help predicting the outcome of genomic aberrations and to develop novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. As a basis for the modeling it is essential to understand and integrate current knowledge. We review previous and current ideas in colorectal cancer development and focus on a pathway oriented view. We show that colorectal cancer is a multilayer complex disease affecting the genome as well as the epigenome with direct consequences on the gene and microRNA (miRNA) expression signatures. The goal is to illustrate the current principles of colorectal cancer pathogenesis and to illustrate the need for elaborate computer modeling systems.
Neurotoxicity and efficacy of arteether related to its exposure times and exposure levels in rodents. (2002)

The neurotoxicity of beta-arteether (AE) is related to drug accumulation in blood due to slow and prolonged absorption from the intramuscular injection sites. In this efficacy and toxicity study of AE, the traditional sesame oil vehicle was replaced with cremophore to decrease the accumulation and toxicity of AE. Dihydroartemisinin (DQHS), a more toxic and active metabolite of AE, was also analyzed. When administered at a daily dosage of 25 mg/kg for seven days, blood accumulation of AE with sesame oil (AESO) was used had a 7.5-fold higher area under the curve (AUC) (on last versus first day dosing), while AE with cremophore (AECM) had only a 1.8-fold higher AUC. Although the accumulation of AECM was greatly reduced, its total exposure level (46.29 microg x h/ml) was 2.7-fold higher than with AESO (16.92 microg x h/ml) due to a higher bioavailability of AECM (74.5%) compared with AESO (20.3%). Total exposure time (calculated at over the minimal detected neurotoxicity level of 41.32 ng/ml) of AECM was 103 hours during the whole treatment period (192 hours), which was more than one-third (37%) less than with AESO (162 hours). Similar pharmacokinetic results were also shown with the active metabolite, DQHS. Anorexia and gastrointestinal toxicity with AESO were significantly more severe than with AECM (P < 0.001). Histopathologic examination of the brain demonstrated neurotoxic changes; the AESO rat group was significantly more severe than the AECM rat group. The brain injury scores with AECM were mild to moderate (2.3-3.0), and with AESO they were moderate to severe (3.0-4.7) on day 7 and day 10, respectively. In addition, the results of a 50% cure dose (CD50) against Plasmodium berghei in mice were 34.1 mg/kg for AESO and 14.2 mg/kg for AECM, indicating a significant higher efficacy was found in the AECM animals. Toxicity and efficacy of DQHS were also dependent on its exposure time and level, which was the same as its parent drug (AE). In conclusion, following the seven-day treatment in rats, AE and DQHS exposure time and level varied based on the vehicle used. The extension of drug exposure time and the low peak level of AE and DQHS were more associated with severe neurotoxicity and lower antimalarial efficacy, whereas the high level and short exposure time of AE and DQHS resulted in higher efficacy and milder toxicity.
Status report for nonimaging collectors (compound parabolic concentrators), July 1976--January 1977 (1977)

The history of the development of the compound parabolic concentrator is reviewed. Current activities for the period July 1976-Jan. 1977 are summarized in detail. Possible applications of the CPC are briefly discussed. (WDM)
An approach to the enantiospecific syntheses of sesbanimide and its enantiomer from D-glucose (1984)

An approach to the enantiospecific syntheses of sesbanimide and its enantiomer is described; enantiomeric intermediates in the syntheses of both compounds possessing the required glutarimide and 1,3-dioxide rings are derived from D-glucose.
Getting Started in Structural Phylogenomics (2010)

Structural phylogenomics refers to the combined use of evolutionary and structural information in a bioinformatics analysis. The term phylogenomics refers to two distinct tasks: reconstructing a species phylogeny using multiple genes (for a review, see [1]) and predicting protein function by estimating the evolutionary history of a family of related sequences (i.e., a gene tree or multi-gene tree including gene duplication events) [2]–[4]. In this “Getting Started” article, we focus on the latter task, restricting our discussion to the construction and analysis of phylogenetic trees for amino acid data, and including protein structure data and structure prediction to improve the accuracy of functional annotation. We address the following questions: Why perform a complicated structural phylogenomic analysis when simpler approaches are available? What are the fundamental underlying assumptions of this approach, and what are the implications of any conflicts with these assumptions? What technical challenges do we need to address to achieve the full potential of these ideas?
A Novel Epilepsy Mutation in the Sodium Channel<i>SCN1A</i>Identifies a Cytoplasmic Domain for β Subunit Interaction (2004)

A mutation in the sodium channel SCN1A was identified in a small Italian family with dominantly inherited generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+). The mutation, D1866Y, alters an evolutionarily conserved aspartate residue in the C-terminal cytoplasmic domain of the sodium channel alpha subunit. The mutation decreased modulation of the alpha subunit by beta1, which normally causes a negative shift in the voltage dependence of inactivation in oocytes. There was less of a shift with the mutant channel, resulting in a 10 mV difference between the wild-type and mutant channels in the presence of beta1. This shift increased the magnitude of the window current, which resulted in more persistent current during a voltage ramp. Computational analysis suggests that neurons expressing the mutant channels will fire an action potential with a shorter onset delay in response to a threshold current injection, and that they will fire multiple action potentials with a shorter interspike interval at a higher input stimulus. These results suggest a causal relationship between a positive shift in the voltage dependence of sodium channel inactivation and spontaneous seizure activity. Direct interaction between the cytoplasmic C-terminal domain of the wild-type alpha subunit with the beta1 or beta3 subunit was first demonstrated by yeast two-hybrid analysis. The SCN1A peptide K1846-R1886 is sufficient for beta subunit interaction. Coimmunoprecipitation from transfected mammalian cells confirmed the interaction between the C-terminal domains of the alpha and beta1 subunits. The D1866Y mutation weakens this interaction, demonstrating a novel molecular mechanism leading to seizure susceptibility.
Purification, identification and preliminary crystallographic studies of an allergenic protein from<i>Lathyrus sativus</i> (2006)

A 24 kDa protein was purified from the seeds of Lathyrus sativus by ammonium sulfate fractionation and ion-exchange chromatography. The N-terminal amino-acid sequence showed significant homology with the 2S albumin class of seed storage proteins. The protein showed 85% sequence homology with the seed albumin of Pisum sativum within the 40 N-terminal residues. Crystals were obtained by the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method. The crystals belonged to space group P2(1)2(1)2(1), with unit-cell parameters a = 43.5, b = 82.7, c = 153.4 A.
Microsystème électromagnétique de détection des nanoparticules magnétiques dans une structure microfluidique pour les analyses immunologiques (2015)

National audience
Modeling of Sulfided Zinc Titanate Regeneration in a Fluidized-Bed Reactor. 2. Scale-Up of the Solid Conversion Model (1997)

Hot gas desulfurization with regenerable metal oxide sorbents is an essential part of the simplified integrated gasification combined cycle process which is currently being demonstrated at commercial scale. As part of a sulfur removal process development, Carbona Corporation is developing fluidized-bed reactor models for scale-up. In the first part of this work, the parameters for an uniform conversion model were determined to describe the conversion rate of ZnS regeneration with oxygen. A method using the uniform conversion model for fluidized-bed application is presented in this paper. The apparent activation energy for the global reaction rate constant obtained from pilot-scale fluidized-bed tests is 200−210 kJ/mol. When using these reaction rate constants as inputs of a sensitivity analysis for a large-scale reactor model, in comparison with the rate constants reported earlier, some differences can be observed. The significance of the differences are discussed. It is stated that any zinc sulfate formed in fluidized-bed regeneration at temperatures 500−600 °C will decompose, forming SO2, at the actual regeneration temperatures of the bed (725−800 °C) due to neglible O2 partial pressure.
Boron protected cobalt dicarbollide anions and their use in polymer supported cation exchangers (1995)

The cobalt dicarbollide anion, [CO(C{sub 2}B{sub 9}H{sub 11}){sub 2}]{sup -}, is unique in its ability to separate Cs{sup +} from other cations, an important property in the remediation of nuclear waste. Substitution of B10, in the carborane clusters imparts increased stability in harsh environments. Substitution also provides a handle. which may be useful in attaching this important anion to polymeric structures. Various routes to boron substitution will be discussed along with the possible uses of these boron substituted compounds in polymer synthesis.
Transfer Latent Semantic Learning: Microblog Mining with Less Supervision (2011)

The increasing volume of information generated on micro-blogging sites such as Twitter raises several challenges to traditional text mining techniques. First, most texts from those sites are abbreviated due to the constraints of limited characters in one post; second, the input usually comes in streams of large-volumes. Therefore, it is of significant importance to develop effective and efficient representations of abbreviated texts for better filtering and mining. In this paper, we introduce a novel transfer learning approach, namely transfer latent semantic learning, that utilizes a large number of related tagged documents with rich information from other sources (source domain) to help build a robust latent semantic space for the abbreviated texts (target domain). This is achieved by simultaneously minimizing the document reconstruction error and the classification error of the labeled examples from the source domain by building a classifier with hinge loss in the latent semantic space. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method by applying them to the task of classifying and tagging abbreviated texts. Experimental results on both synthetic datasets and real application datasets, including Reuters-21578 and Twitter data, suggest substantial improvements using our approach over existing ones.
Influence of left ventricular mass on the diagnostic accuracy of myocardial perfusion imaging using positron emission tomography with dipyridamole stress. (1991)

This study assesses the influence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) on the accuracy of myocardial perfusion imaging using pharmacologic coronary vasodilation. Seventy-five patients without previous infarction, and with known coronary anatomy, were studied by echocardiography and PET. LVH (defined by mass greater than 131 g/m2 in males or greater than 100 g/m2 in females) was identified in 25 patients; this group did not differ significantly from the remainder in terms of clinical or angiographic parameters. Twenty patients with hypertrophy had significant coronary artery stenoses, which were identified correctly by PET in 11 (55%), in contrast to 29 of 34 patients (85%, p = 0.03) with coronary disease but normal LV mass. Normal perfusion images were obtained in three of five patients (60%) with hypertrophy but no coronary disease; in contrast, 14 of 16 patients without either coronary disease or hypertrophy (88%, p = ns) had normal scans. The accuracy of PET was 14/25 (56%) in those with hypertrophy, and 43/50 (86%, p = 0.01) in patients with normal LV mass. In this group, the presence of hypertrophy was associated with reduction in the diagnostic accuracy of PET using dipyridamole stress. These findings may account for the phenomenon of "dipyridamole nonresponsiveness" in some patients.
Sequential enantiodivergent organocatalysis: reversibility in enantioswitching controlled by a conformationally flexible guanidine/bisthiourea organocatalyst (2013)

Here we describe our studies on solvent-dependent enantiodivergent Mannich-type reactions utilizing conformationally flexible guanidine/bisthiourea organocatalyst (S,S)-1. Our mechanistic investigations revealed that the stereo-determining steps in both the (R)- and (S)-selective Mannich-type reactions are governed by the cooperative effect of guanidine and thiourea in the inherently monomeric structure of (S,S)-1. Based on the mechanistic similarity between the (R)- and (S)-selective Mannich-type reactions, we discovered that (S,S)-1-catalyzed reactions show unique reversibility in mixed solvent systems. We highlight the development of sequential enantiodivergent organocatalysis using (S,S)-1, which allows enantio-switching with single-flask operation and high in situ tunability.
Novel Chiral Stationary Phases for the Resolution of the Enantiomers of Amino Acids by Ligand Exchange Chromatography (1986)

Abstract Novel chemically bonded chiral stationary phases (CSP’s) derived from (1R,2S)-2-carboxymethylamino-1,2-diphenylethanol and from (1S,2S)-2-carboxymethylamino-1,2-diphenylethanol were prepared. The ligand exchange chromatography on these CSP’s was found to be effective for the direct resolution of the enantiomers of amino acids.
Studies on the relationship between boron and magnesium which possibly affects the formation and maintenance of bones [electronic resource] (1990)

Recent findings are reviewed indicating that changes in dietary boron and magnesium affect calcium, and thus bone, metabolism in animals and humans. In animals, the need for boron was found to be enhanced when they needed to respond to a nutritional stress which adversely affected calcium metabolism, including magnesium deficiency. A combined deficiency of boron and magnesium caused detrimental changes in the bones of animals. However, boron deprivation did not seem to enhance the requirement for magnesium. In two human studies, boron deprivation caused changes in variables associated with calcium metabolism in a manner that could be construed as being detrimental to bone formation and maintenance; these changes apparently were enhanced by low dietary magnesium. Changes caused by boron deprivation included depressed plasma ionized calcium and calcitonin as well as elevated plasma total calcium and urinary excretion of calcium. In one human study, magnesium deprivation depressed plasma ionized calcium and cholesterol. Because boron and/or magnesium deprivation causes changes similar to those seen in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis, these elements are apparently needed for optimal calcium metabolism and are thus needed to prevent the excessive bone loss which often occurs in postmenopausal women and older men.
Interaction of Carbon Monoxide and Cyanide on Cerebral Circulation and Metabolism (1979)

Significant elevations of carboxyhemoglobin and blood cyanide have been found in fire victims. The nature of the interaction of acute exposures to these agents is unclear. This study was undertaken to describe the of cyanide and carbon monoxide--alone and in combination--on the circulation and metabolism of the brain in anesthetized dogs. Cerebral blood flow increased to 130 and 200% of control with elevations in carboxyhemoglobin to 30 and 51% or with elevations in blood cyanide to 1.0 and 1.5 microgram/ml, respectively. Cerebral oxygen consumption remained unchanged until the higher level of carbon monoxide or cyanide was reached. When carbon monoxide and cyanide were administered simultaneously, cerebral blood flow increased in an additive manner, but significant decreases in cerebral oxygen consumption occurred at the combination of the lower concentrations. These data suggest that carbon monoxide and cyanide are physiologically additive on producing changes in cerebral blood flow, but may act synergistically on cerebral metabolism.
Recent developments in 1-3 piezocomposite transducer fabrication (2002)

Several advances in the fabrication of 1-3 piezocomposite transducers have recently been achieved at MSI. SonoPanel/sup TM/ transducers with different PZT formulations, varying ceramic volume fractions, and alternate polymer matrices have been developed to meet the requirements for various underwater applications. Transducers have performed well as both sensors and transmitters under hydrostatic pressures up to 6.9 MPa, have survived multiple explosive shocks, and were made to conform to nonplanar surfaces, piezocomposite smart panels, capable of both sensing and actuation for active surface control, are also being developed. The panels utilize monolithic sensor elements built into a 1-3 composite actuator panel. The sensors are net-shape formed, low profile accelerometers uniformly distributed across the panel area. Prototype smart panels have been assembled and are being evaluated.
Repair of radiation damage in noncycling parenchymal hepatocytes (1982)

The purpose of this study was to determine whether parenchymal hepatocytes in G0 are able to repair potentially lethal damage. The survival curve for hepatocytes assayed immediately after X irradiation was found to have an extrapolation number, n, which was not significantly different from unit, and a D0 equal to 2.7 Gy. In contrast, when irradiated hepatocytes were allowed to remain in situ for 24 h before being assayed for their reproductive survival , the n value significantly increased to 2.3, whereas the D0 value remains unchanged. But parenchymal hepatocytes are able to repair potentially lethal damage and it is expressed exclusively as an increase in the extrapolation number.
Infant Exposure to Resuspended Particles from Carpeted Flooring: Experimental Chamber Study with a Simplified Mechanical Crawling Infant (2016)

Airborne particles of biological origin – bioaerosols – are present everywhere, including the indoor environment where people spend considerable amounts of time, and exposure to such materials via inhalation can have a number of health implications. Bioaerosol dynamics can occur through a variety of mechanisms, among them resuspension of deposited particles due to human activity. Because the breathing zone of infants is at a much lower height than that of adults, there is reason to suspect that infants are exposed to greater concentrations of bioaerosols resuspended from the floor, though knowledge in this specific area is limited. To investigate, a mechanical infant was used to simulate crawling over carpeting and particle concentrations for varying size groups were recorded using an optical particle sizer (OPS) at heights corresponding to both infant and adult breathing zones. In addition, resuspension tests on the infant breathing zone were repeated following vacuuming of the carpets to observe the effect of vacuuming on exposure rates. Results show that, as a result of infant crawling, concentrations of resuspended particles are significantly higher in the infant breathing zone compared to the bulk air, which is reduced but not quite eliminated by vacuuming. In addition, the mechanisms governing particle concentrations in the breathing zone appears to differ from those of the bulk environment. This study demonstrates that infant crawling causes significant resuspension of particles in the infant breathing zone, making it a prominent contributor to infant bioaerosol exposure worthy of further investigation.
Nematicidal compound from the seeds of Balanites aegyptiaca. Isolation and structure elucidation (2006)

Testing for anthelmintic activity using the target species in its normal host requires relatively large quantities of chemicals and animals breeding facilities, which can be quite expensive. To circumvent this problem, Caenorhabditis elegans, a free-living soil nematode, susceptible to all commercially available anthelmintics, has been proposed for the development of in vitro drug screening assays [1], a fluorescence-based microscopy method has been recently developed and fully validated from the biological and analytical points of view [2].