gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multiple 3H-5-hydroxytryptamine binding sites in rat brain. (1981)

1. The effects of spiperone on 3H-5-HT binding to membranes prepared from rat diencephalon and lower brain stem were studied for comparison with telencephalic structures. 2. The neuroleptic spiperone produced shallow, complex inhibition curves of 3H-5-HT binding in the non-telencephalic areas, suggesting the presence of different types of high-affinity 3H-5-HT binding sites. However, the shape of the curves from the non-telencephalic areas differed from those of telencephalic regions. For example, there was a tendency for low concentrations of spiperone to cause an increase in binding in the diencephalon and lower brain stem rather than a decrease as seen in telencephalic areas. 3. In a search for other compounds which, like spiperone, could discriminate between the different types of 3H-5-HT binding sites in rat telencephalon, it was found that most drugs show little difference in their affinities for the two sites. However, one compound, AHR 1709B, was found to be about 10 times more potent in rat frontal cortex than corpus striatum, indicating that it can differentially recognize the two binding sites. 4. These results are consistent with the existence of multiple types of 3H-5-HT binding sites in the rat brain, and they define regional differences that had not previously been described. In addition, a new compound which can discriminate between different types of 3H-5-HT binding sites has been found, leading the way to the study of a series of new drugs which may selectively alter serotoninergic function.
Auditory spatial deficits following hemispheric lesions: Dissociation of explicit and implicit processing (2012)

Auditory spatial deficits occur frequently after hemispheric damage; a previous case report suggested that the explicit awareness of sound positions, as in sound localisation, can be impaired while the implicit use of auditory cues for the segregation of sound objects in noisy environments remains preserved. By assessing systematically patients with a first hemispheric lesion, we have shown that (1) explicit and/or implicit use can be disturbed; (2) impaired explicit vs. preserved implicit use dissociations occur rather frequently; and (3) different types of sound localisation deficits can be associated with preserved implicit use. Conceptually, the dissociation between the explicit and implicit use may reflect the dual-stream dichotomy of auditory processing. Our results speak in favour of systematic assessments of auditory spatial functions in clinical settings, especially when adaptation to auditory environment is at stake. Further, systematic studies are needed to link deficits of explicit vs. implicit use to disability in everyday activities, to design appropriate rehabilitation strategies, and to ascertain how far the explicit and implicit use of spatial cues can be retrained following brain damage.
A Prospective Randomized Study of a Collar Versus a Collarless Femoral Prosthesis (1993)

A prospective, randomized study of 44 collared versus 40 collarless cemented HD-2 total hip arthroplasties (THAs) was performed in 84 patients. Seventy patients were examined at an average of 4.6 years after surgery. Five hips have required, or are scheduled to have, revision arthroplasty: two with collared prostheses and three with collarless prostheses. Good collar contact with the proximal medial femur was achieved in 47% of the collared prostheses. No patient with good contact has required or is scheduled to have revision hip surgery. Radiolucent lines were greater in both frequency and width in Gruen Zones 2 and 7 in patients with a collarless prosthesis. Loss of endosteal height of the femoral neck was 3.5 mm in patients with collarless prostheses and 1.7 mm in patients with collared prostheses. Loss in height of the femoral neck was 2.6 mm in patients with collared prostheses with poor bone contact and 0.7 mm in patients with collared prostheses with good bone contact. The mean preoperative and postoperative Harris hip scores for the collarless group and for the collared group were not statistically different. There were no statistically significant differences in acetabular position, the incidence of acetabular radiolucent lines, or femoral subsidence between patients treated with collared or collarless prostheses. This study demonstrates that it is possible to stress the proximal medial portion of the femur with a collared prosthesis. Furthermore, a significant increase is identified in both the frequency and width of radiolucent lines in patients with collarless prostheses in Zones 2 and 7.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
ChemInform Abstract: STEREOSPECIFIC SYNTHESIS OF 5S‐HETE, 5R‐HETE, AND THEIR TRANSFORMATION TO 5‐(.+‐.)‐HPETE (1983)

Abstract Das Acetonid (I) liefert nach Hydrolyse zu (‐II) mit Bleitetraacetat den Aldehyd (III), der nach Wittig zu (IV) kondensiert wird.
Cold Region Testing of Sulfur Foam and Coatings (1975)

Sulfur foams and coating compositions are potentially useful in cold regions. Several applications involve soil-sulfur contact where there is the possibility of sulfur degradation by soil microorganisms and other environmental effects. In a test program started in 1970, samples of foamed sulfur and sulfur coatings were buried in the soil at one location in Colorado and three locations in Canada. These samples were retrieved at yearly intervals and their physical properties compared with control samples kept in the laboratory. After 3 yrs of burial, no deterioration in strength could be measured. There was no evidence of bacteriological or chemical deterioration or of damage by thermal shock or freeze-thaw.
Fitts’ Law in 3D Space with Coordinated Hand Movements (2012)

The study tested the applicability of Fitts’ law to coordinated hand movements in a 3D response space with. An experiment was conducted in which 20 participants performed the Fitts’ pointing tasks with varying target distances, target sizes and approaching angles from a home position. Results confirmed that Fitts’ law applies to coordinated hand movements in 3D space.
Development and Validation of Liquid Chromatography Combined with Tandem Mass Spectrometry Methods for the Quantitation of Simalikalactone E in Extracts of <i>Quassia amara</i> L. and in Mouse Blood (2014)

The LC-MS methods were used for the quantitation of SkE in plant extracts and in mouse blood. These methods open the way for further protocol optimisation of SkE extraction and the determination of its pharmacokinetic data.
Detection, Distribution, and Genetic Variability of ‘<i>Candidatus</i> Liberibacter’ Species Associated with Zebra Complex Disease of Potato in North America (2009)

The specificity and sensitivity of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers developed for 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' and 'Candidatus Liberibacter psyllaurous' were evaluated in conventional and real-time PCR assays. All PCR primers were specific for 'Ca. L. psyllaurous' and 'Ca. L. solanacearum' insomuch as they did not detect other prokaryotic plant pathogens that affect potato except for the putative pathogens associated with psyllid-yellows and haywire. Conventional PCR assays were capable of detecting 0.19 to 1.56 ng of total DNA per reaction, and real-time PCR was found capable of detecting 1.56 to 6.25 ng of total DNA per reaction, depending on the specific PCR primer set used. 'Ca. Liberibacter' species associated with zebra complex disease (ZC) was confirmed in plants affected by this disease throughout Texas from 2005 to 2008, in seed tubers produced in Wyoming in 2007, and in Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, and Mexico in 2008. A multiplex PCR assay using 'Ca. L. solanacearum'-specific primers and primers specific for the β-tubulin DNA regions from potato was developed, providing possible utility of the multiplex assay for 'Ca. Liberibacter' detection in different solanaceous plant species. Preliminary studies suggest silverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium), wolfberry (Lycium barbarum), black nightshade (S. ptychanthum), and jalapeno pepper (Capsicum annuum) as additional solanaceous hosts for the ZC-associated bacterium. The 'Ca. Liberibacter' species detected in all samples divided into two clusters sharing similarity of 99.8% in their partial 16S rRNA gene sequences and 99.3% in their partial intergenic spacer region (ISR)-23S rRNA gene sequences. Genetic variation in the 16S rDNA region consistently matched that of the ISR-23S rDNA region. In this partial 16S-ISR-23S rDNA region, there was a total of eight single nucleotide polymorphisms among 'Ca. L. psyllaurous' and 'Ca. L. solanacearum' "strains" investigated in this study. 'Ca. L. solanacearum' and 'Ca. L. psyllaurous' were shown to be very closely related bacteria, if not the same, by successful amplification using a combination of forward primer of 'Ca. L. solanacearum' and reverse primer of 'Ca. L. psyllaurous' in ZC-affected potato samples. This finding clarifies the current taxonomic status of 'Ca. L. solanacearum' and 'Ca. L. psyllaurous'. The detection of 'Ca. L. solanacearum' from haywire-symptomatic potato samples demonstrates that this bacterium might also be associated with this disease.
ChemInform Abstract: MESOIONIC 4NΠ‐HETEROCYCLES. III. 1,2,3,5‐THIATRIAZOLO(1,2‐B)PYRAZOLIUMOLATE‐S,S‐DIOXIDES. SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURE OF A NOVEL MESOIONIC SYSTEM (1983)

Abstract Aus den Pyrazolen (I) werden mit Chlorsulfonylisocyanat (II) die mesoionischen Bicyclen (III) hergestellt.
Integral formulation for nonlinear magnetostatic and eddy currents analysis (1994)

In this paper a method based on an integral formulation for nonlinear three dimensional eddy currents and magnetostatic analysis is presented. The method is based on the subdivision of the conductive regions in elementary volume elements in which a uniform current density J and magnetization M is assumed. Integrating Ohm's law inside the conductive regions, a system of nonlinear equations that can be integrated combining a modified Newton-Raphson and a single-step time-marching method is obtained. Calculated results for TEAM problem 13 (magnetostatic) and problem 10 (eddy currents) are reported.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Performance Analysis Of Polarization Maintaining Fiber Directional Coupler (1989)

Commercial tunable polarization maintaining fiber couplers exhibit inadequate low polarization isolations. Utilizing a newly developed coupled mode theory, we theoretically analyze the performance of these devices, and conclude that these low values can be explained in terms of finite misalignments of few degrees between the two fibers' principal birefringent axes. We also show that for a given device with 3dB coupling ratio the polarization isolation critically depends on the transverse setting, and can vary between 18 and 40dB for the case of 5° misalignment, in a coupler composed of 3mm beatlength fibers.
Evaluation of Functional Properties of the Tissue Cultured Wild Ginseng Fermented by Lactobacillus sp. (2012)

A tissue cultured wild ginseng (TCWG) suspension was inoculated with lactic acid bacteria and fermented to improve the functionality of TCWG. The utilization of TCWG was increased directly using the freeze-dried powder. The optimal ratio of TCWG powder and water for fermentation was 1:19 (5%), which was selected by measuring the fluidity and viable cell count according to concentration. The effects on ADH activation and immune cell activation by each ferments with 10 kinds of Lactobacillus sp. strains were examined. The ferments with the Lactobacillus casei KFRI 692 strain showed 5.4 times higher ADH activity and 1.3 times higher ALDH activity than the non-fermented TCWG powder (control). The level of NO production and cytotoxicity was also measured by Raw 264.7 cells. The ferment with the Lac. casei KFRI 692 strain showed the highest level of NO production and lower cytotoxicity than the others. Therefore, the Lac. casei KFRI 692 strain was selected as a strain for fermentation of a TCWG suspension to maximize its functionality. To identify the optimal fermentation time of the selected Lac. casei KFRI 692 strain on the 5% TCWG suspension, the viable cell count of lactic acid bacterial and the changes in pH were observed for 72 hours. 24-hrs was found to be the optimal fermentation time. In this way, fermented TCWG with lactic acid bacteria showed higher ADH activation efficacy and immune cell activation than non-fermented TCWG.
Improvement of glioblastoma control by combining the VEGF blocker, VEGF trap with fractionated radiotherapy: impact of scheduling (2006)

4391 Background: VEGF Trap, an anti-VEGF angiogenesis inhibitor, was previously found to enhance the efficacy of single dose and fractionated radiotherapy in a human glioblastoma xenograft model. The objective of the present study was to determine if glioblastoma control could be optimized by examining three different scheduling protocols for VEGF Trap plus radiation therapy. Methods: U-87 cells were injected subcutaneously into the right hind limb of athymic NCR NUM mice. VEGF Trap was administered at two doses [high (10 mg/kg) or low (2.5 mg/kg)] every third day for up to three weeks. Radiation (RT) was administered as three daily fractions of 5 Gy each on days 0, 1 and 2. Scheduling of VEGF Trap was either (I) one week prior to, (II) concurrent with or (III) on day 3 following radiation treatment. Analysis of data was performed by using mixed-effects linear regression to model tumor volume as a function of time and treatment. Imaging of VEGF Trap-treated tumors was performed by 18-Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET analysis. Immunostaining for microvessel density (MVD) was performed using PECAM-1 antibodies. Results: Tumor volume in the untreated groups increased at an average rate of 27–31% per day. RT alone or VEGF Trap alone significantly reduced average tumor volume growth rate to 11-17% per day in all three experiments (p Conclusions: Low dose VEGF Trap plus fractionated radiotherapy is superior than either treatment modality alone in U87 glioblastoma control. These data further indicate there may be an advantage to scheduling VEGF Trap prior to radiation and warrant additional investigation in other tumor models and the clinic. (This work was supported by grants from the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Sanofi-Aventis.)
CYTOCHROME <italic>P</italic>-450 2E1 IN RAT LIVER, KIDNEY AND LUNG MICROSOMES AFTER CHRONIC ADMINISTRATION OF ETHANOL EITHER ORALLY OR BY INHALATION (1995)

In this study, microsomal cytochrome P-450 2E1 (CYP2E1) contents and activities were tested in liver, kidney and lung from Wistar rats after the following treatments (1) oral administration of a 10% ethanol solution for 4 weeks; (2) pair fed controls; (3) oral administration of a 5% acetone solution for 1 week; (4) inhalation of ethanol vapour for 4 weeks. CYP2E1 activity was measured using chlorzoxazone as substrate and CYP2E1 content was measured using Western blot analysis. In addition, the cellular distribution of CYP2E1 was studied in liver, lung and kidney by immunohistochemistry. Basal liver CYP2E1 was 10-20 times lower in lung and kidney than in liver. Inhalation was clearly the most efficient way of inducing CYP2E1, probably due to the continuous and high alcohol exposure. Among the organs tested, lung appeared to be the tissue least sensitive to induction even after ethanol inhalation, suggesting the absence of local induction. After ethanol intoxication, immunostaining was increased in the centrilobular region of the liver, in the alveolar cells of the lung and in the proximal convoluted tube of the kidney. The CYP2E1 activities decreased to control values in the three tissues tested, within 24 h after cessation of intoxication.
The Synthesis of Pyrrolizidines. III. Condensation of Nitromethane with Ethyl Crotonate and Subsequent Formation of 1-Methylpyrrolizidine (Heliotridane, Pseudoheliotridane) (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Synthesis of Pyrrolizidines. III. Condensation of Nitromethane with Ethyl Crotonate and Subsequent Formation of 1-Methylpyrrolizidine (Heliotridane, Pseudoheliotridane)Nelson J. Leonard and Donald L. FelleyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1949, 71, 5, 1758–1759Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01173a062https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01173a062research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views91Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Facilitation of inferior frontal cortex by tDCS induces perceptual learning of severely degraded speech (2013)

Cochlear implants (CI) offer the possibility to reinstate audition in patients with severe hearing disorders. Due to the limited spectral and temporal resolution of the signal, the auditory input provided by CI is degraded and the ability to adapt to it, thus to reacquire speech comprehension is highly variable and often insufficient. Neurocognitive adaptation to the devices is afforded by perceptual learning. This process can be simulated in healthy individuals by artificially degradation of speech (noise-band vocoding) to test how efficient categorical perceptual sensitivity is generalized, a feature constitutive for perceptual learning. As indicated by a recent functional MRI study, perceptual learning of degraded speech modulates activation in a left-lateralized network, including inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and inferior parietal cortex (IPC). Here we investigate whether anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is capable of modulating perceptual learning.
Quantitative assessment of multi‐laboratory reproducibility of SDS‐PAGE assays: Digestion pattern of β‐casein and β‐lactoglobulin under simulated conditions (2010)

A digestion protocol was applied in triplicate by ten laboratories, simulating in vivo gastric and duodenal conditions. The intra- and inter-laboratory variability in the kinetics of protein degradation was quantified, focussing on the digestion of beta-casein under gastric conditions, and of beta-lactoglobulin (beta-Lg) under duodenal conditions. The addition of surfactants such as phosphatidylcholine (PC) in the digestion mix was also evaluated. Identification and quantification of peptide bands on SDS-PAGE gels formed the basis for analysis. An average intensity loss of 69% (SD=13.5) at 5 min (89% at 10 min, with SD=5.5) was observed for beta-casein, whereas the beta-Lg duodenal digestion showed an 82% loss at 30 min (SD=14.2). Constant rates of first-order reactions showed that for fast reactions, inaccuracies in the time of first sampling contributed to the variability, which were also affected by image quality, saturation, and the splitting of time courses across gels. Breakdown products for beta-casein included ten other polypeptides, with four detected in all and two in most gels, and for beta-Lg ten polypeptides, with five detected in most, and two in two-third of the cases. Addition of PC in the gastric phase led to beta-Lg intensity loss only a quarter as large as without PC and altered beta-Lg proteolysis in the duodenal compartment.
Channel adaptive rate control for loss resiliency of distributed video coding (2010)

We propose a new channel adaptive distributed video coding algorithm, which is adaptive to packet loss ratio. The proposed method controls the quantization parameter (QP) according to channel conditions of particularly error-prone mobile channels. After adjusting the QP, the proposed method performs additional channel encoding to increase loss resilience. Unlike conventional rate control methods that are not robust to packet erasures, the proposed method supports erasure recovery. The experiment results demonstrate that the proposed method can yield better quality (or graceful degradation of video) in lossy channels than conventional methods.
Coupled transport membranes for metal separations. Final report on phase 4, May 1978-July 1979 (1978)

The report covers Phase III of a continuing program to apply a new membrane process--coupled transport--to the separation and concentration of copper and uranium from hydrometallurgical leach solutions. During Phases I and II of this program, the basic feasibility and economic viability of the process was demonstrated with laboratory cells and with copper leach solutions. During this third phase, small bench-scale membrane separation units were constructed, consisting of three to four hollow fiber modules with a total surface area of up to 100 sq ft. These units were used to define the process system parameters for copper recovery. During the course of these studies, mechanical problems with the hollow fiber membrane modules surfaced which delayed completion of the module stability and field trial portion of the program. In all other aspects, the units worked well, yielding high concentration and moderate separation factors and good fluxes. The technical feasibility of separating and concentrating uranium from leach liquors using tertiary amine agents was also demonstrated. High concentration and separation factors resulted at fluxes that appear to make coupled transport membranes for uranium separations competitive with existing techniques.
Hepatitis E Virus Infection in Travelers (1999)

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of clinical hepatitis in regions of endemicity, affecting primarily young adults and travelers to these areas. We present 5 cases of acute HEV infection in travelers and review 143 cases of HEV infection found by a literature search that were contracted in areas of endemicity. Fulminant hepatitis occurred in 2.7% of the reported cases; 2 of these were fatal. The destination of most of the travelers with acute HEV infection was the Indian subcontinent. The overall risk of contracting HEV infection for travelers appears to be lower than the risk for hepatitis A virus infection. Pregnant women and individuals with underlying liver disease may be a risk for severe infection.
A 30-Channel SQUID Vector Biomagnetometer System Optimized for Reclining Subjects (2005)

We propose an LTS-SQUID biomagnetometer system equipped with vector magnetometers for the purpose of measuring the evoked magnetic field from the spinal cord. In case of measurement around the neck, the number of sensors to be arranged is inevitably limited by the small observation area. To acquire more information on the magnetic field distribution in a limited area, we introduced a vector magnetometer, which has an axial-type gradiometric pick-up coil and two planar-type gradiometric pick-up coils located orthogonal to each other, which detects not only the magnetic field component radial to the body but also the tangential components. The cryostat was designed to put the SQUID sensors close to the back or back of the neck of the subject sitting in a reclining position, so that the subject can relax and hold the position throughout a long-time measurement. The fluctuation caused by the subject's movement can be suppressed. We installed 10 vector magnetometers arranged in a zigzag pattern in the cryostat and successfully detected the biomagnetic signals from the neck of the subject.