gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of Nanoscale Carbon Black Modified by HNO <sub>3</sub> on Immobilization and Phytoavailability of Ni in Contaminated Soil (2015)

A surface‐modified nanoscale carbon black (MCB) as Ni adsorbent in contaminated soil was prepared by oxidizing the carbon black with 65% HNO 3 . The surface properties of the adsorbent were characterized by zeta potential analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIRs). Batch experiments were conducted to evaluate the improvement of Ni 2+ adsorption by MCB. Greenhouse cultivation experiments were conducted to examine the effect of MCB on the DTPA‐extractable Ni 2+ in soil, Ni 2+ uptake of ryegrass shoot, and growth of ryegrass. Results indicated that MCB had much lower negative zeta potential, more functional groups for exchange and complexation of cation, and more heterogeneous pores and cavities for the adsorption of cation than the unmodified parent one (CB). MCB showed enhanced sorption capacity for Ni ( q max , 49.02 mg·g −1 ) compared with CB ( q max , 39.22 mg·g −1 ). Greenhouse cultivation experiment results showed that the biomass of ryegrass shoot and the Ni uptake of the ryegrass shoot were significantly increased and the concentrations of DTPA‐extractable Ni in soil were significantly decreased with the increasing of MCB amount. It is clear from this work that the MCB had good adsorption properties for the Ni and could be applied in the in situ immobilization and remediation of heavy metal contaminated saline‐alkali soils.
Antimicrobial Activity of Zinc Oxide–Graphene Quantum Dot Nanocomposites: Enhanced Adsorption on Bacterial Cells by Cationic Capping Polymers (2019)

Development of low-cost, high-performance antibacterial reagents is of critical importance in the face of increasing occurrence of bacterial resistance against conventional antibiotics. In the present study, polyethylenimine (PEI)-modified graphene quantum dot (GQD) and ZnO nanoparticle nanocomposites, which were readily dispersed in water and exhibited markedly enhanced antimicrobial activity toward Escherichia coli, as compared to the PEI-free ZnO/GQD counterparts, were prepared by a facile sol–gel method. This was largely ascribed to the reduced size of the nanoparticles and the enhanced adsorption of the nanocomposites onto the bacterial cell surfaces, as manifested by adsorption experiments and TEM characterization of the bacterial cells, as well as electron spin resonance measurements. The results highlight the significance of structural engineering of functional nanocomposites in the development of efficient antibacterial agents.
`Pacific' Lettuce (1991)

Additional index words. Lactuca sativa, lettuce breeding, big vein 'Pacific' is the third lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivar released from a big vein resistance breeding program begun in 1957. Of the two cultivars that were released in 1981 (Ryder, 1981a(Ryder, , 1981b)), 'Thompson' was more resistant to big vein than 'Sea Green', but the latter had a more acceptable appearance and head conformation. 'Pacific' combines big vein resistance comparable to 'Thompson' with head conformation, color, and general appearance similar to 'Salinas', the standard cultivar for the California coastal lettuce areas.
Gamma Knife Radiosurgery (1990)

"Radiosurgery" is stereotactic neurosurgery in which the usual rigid needles or probes are replaced with beams of ionizing radiation directed toward an intracranial target so as to achieve local tissue destruction. No skin incision or skull opening is required. Lars Leksell originally defined the concept and over a prolonged research and development period created the "Gamma Knife." The Gamma Knife is a self-contained unit with 201 cobalt 60 sources arranged in a hemispheric array such that the emitted beams of radiation reach a common point of intersection. Interchangeable collimating devices allow variation of the diameter of the 50% isodose distribution from 5.0 to 24.2 mm. Larger radiation dose distributions can be achieved by multiple overlapping exposures. Initial radiation dose rate is between 300 and 400 cGy/min. Obliteration of arteriovenous malformations has been shown angiographically in 80% to 86% of optimally treated patients two years later. Growth arrest or actual decrease in tumor size has occurred in 86% of acoustic neuromas treated. Other lesions treated with the Gamma Knife have included pituitary adenomas, craniopharyngiomas, pineal region tumors, and ocular melanomas, as well as functional disorders.
Electrical and TCT characterization of edgeless Si detectors diced with different methods (2005)

High-resistivity p/sup +//n/n/sup +/ Si pad detectors (0.25 cm/sup 2/) were diced, using different dicing tools and methods, into a shape having on one edge no dead space ("edgeless detectors"). The dicing was extended into the sensitive area of the front p/sup +/ implant. Two different dicing tools were used: laser cutting and scribing. Dicing methods included cutting from the front p/sup +/ side and from the back n/sup +/ side. It was found that, with no chemical or aging treatment of edges cut in this way, all the detectors (diced with different tools and methods) suffered from a very high leakage current of hundreds of /spl mu/A's to mA at full depletion voltage (V/sub fd/), as compared with a few nA before dicing, when measured the same day after dicing. All such detectors showed breakdown just at or near V/sub fd//spl sim/80-100 V. However, after one day of room temperature aging in air, the leakage currents at V/sub fd/ improved dramatically to 1-2 /spl mu/A if diced (laser cutting and scribing) from the backside. Also there was no breakdown up to 500 V. There was little improvement over time if the sensor was diced from the front side. After at least one day of aging, detectors diced from the backside showed normal C-V and charge collection behavior. Nevertheless, the remaining leakage seems to be dominated by surface current and shows little improvement at temperatures down to 130 K. Chemical treatment, though, is promising for further reduction of the surface current <1/spl mu/A at V/sub fd/ and <10 /spl mu/A at 500 V.
The regulation of connective tissue metalloproteinases by natural inhibitors. (1991)

The family of matrix metalloproteinases have a fundamental role in the breakdown of connective tissue matrices in both physiological and pathological processes. The endogenous levels of the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases are a key determinant in the regulation of the activity of these enzymes. Current research on the mode of action of these inhibitors at the molecular level, aimed at their use as models for low molecular weight inhibitors, is outlined. Preliminary evidence for inhibitor deficiency in disease states and their potential use as therapeutic agents are summarised.
Three New Compounds from Aspergillus terreus PT06-2 Grown in a High Salt Medium (2011)

To investigate the structurally novel and bioactive natural compounds from marine-derived microorganisms under high salinity, the fungus Aspergillus terreus PT06-2 was isolated from the sediment of the Putian Sea Saltern, Fujian, China. Three new compounds, terremides A (1) and B (2) and terrelactone A (3), along with twelve known compounds (4-15) were isolated and identified from the fermentation broth of A. terreus PT06-2 at 10% salinity. Among these metabolites, compounds 4 and 15 only produced in the 10% salinity culture, were identified as methyl 3,4,5-trimethoxy-2-(2-(nicotinamido) benzamido) benzoate, and (+)-terrein, respectively. The new compounds 1 and 2 exhibited antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter aerogenes with MIC values of 63.9 and 33.5 μM, respectively. Compounds 5 showed moderate anti-H1N1 activity and lower cytotoxicity with IC₅₀ and CC₅₀ values of and 143.1 and 976.4 μM, respectively.
Bilateral breast reconstruction after mastectomy. (1991)

The authors discuss the development of breast reconstruction following mastectomy in Czechoslovakia and present their first case of bilateral reconstruction employing the technique of the TRAM flap. In addition, they explore the possibility of eliminating high-risk parenchyma during with contralateral reconstruction.
Long-term depression of glutamate-induced gamma-aminobutyric acid release in cerebellum by insulin-like growth factor I. (1993)

We tested the possibility that insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) acts as a neuromodulator in the adult cerebellar cortex since previous observations indicated that IGF-I is located in the olivo-cerebellar system encompassing the inferior olive and Purkinje cells. We found that conjoint administration of IGF-I and glutamate through a microdialysis probe stereotaxically implanted into the cerebellar cortex and deep cerebellar nuclei greatly depressed the release of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which normally follows a glutamate pulse. This inhibition was dose-dependent and long-lasting. Moreover, the effect was specific for glutamate since KCl-induced GABA release was not modified by IGF-I. Basic fibroblast growth factor, another growth-related peptide present in the cerebellum, did not alter the response of GABA to glutamate stimulation. In addition, electrical stimulation of the inferior olivary complex significantly raised IGF-I levels in the cerebellar cortex. Interestingly, when the inferior olive was stimulated in conjunction with glutamate administration, GABA release by cerebellar cells in response to subsequent glutamate pulses was depressed in a manner reminiscent of that seen after IGF-I. These findings indicate that IGF-I produces a long-lasting depression of GABA release by Purkinje cells in response to glutamate. IGF-I might be present in climbing fiber terminals and/or cells within the cerebellar cortex and thereby might affect Purkinje cell function. Whether this IGF-I-induced impairment of glutamate stimulation of Purkinje cells underlies functionally plastic processes such as long-term depression is open to question.
Separation of Fischer-Tropsch catalyst/wax mixtures using dense gas extraction (1995)

The separation of a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst from wax products is an important issue when the synthesis is conducted in a slurry bubble column reactor. This paper describes a new technique based on dense gas extraction of the soluble hydrocarbon components from the insoluble catalyst particles using light hydrocarbons as propane, butane, and pentane an the solvent. The extractions were conducted in a continuous unit operated near the critical point of the extraction gas on a catalyst/wax mixture containing about 4.91 wt% catalyst. The catalyst-free wax was collected in the second stage collector while the catalyst and some insoluble wax components were collected in the first stage collector. The yield of catalyst-free wax was about 60 wt% of the food mixture. The catalyst content of the catalyst/wax mixture in the first stage was about 14.8 wt%. The catalyst content in the second stage collector was less than 1 part in 100,000.
Preparation of Basalt Incorporated Polyethylene Composite with Enhanced Mechanical Properties for Various Applications (2017)

The present article showed the possibility of increasing the complex of mechanical properties of polyolefins with dispersed mineral fillers obtained by fine grinding of basalt rocks via ball mill processing. The composites based on dispersed basalt, which were derived from Samara rock mass (Russia) with rare earth elements containing, were obtained by extrusion combining the binder and filler, followed by preparation injection-molded test samples. The study of mechanical properties of materials developed showed the possibility of a significant increase in strength characteristics of different types of polyethylene: the breaking stress at static bending for HDPE can be increasing more than 60% and the impact strength by more than 4 times. In addition the incorporation of the dispersed basalt also enhanced the thermal properties of the composites (the oxygen index of HDPE increases from 19 to 25%).
In Praise of Clement Greeks (1975)

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A Review on the State-of-the-Art Privacy-Preserving Approaches in the e-Health Clouds (2014)

Cloud computing is emerging as a new computing paradigm in the healthcare sector besides other business domains. Large numbers of health organizations have started shifting the electronic health information to the cloud environment. Introducing the cloud services in the health sector not only facilitates the exchange of electronic medical records among the hospitals and clinics, but also enables the cloud to act as a medical record storage center. Moreover, shifting to the cloud environment relieves the healthcare organizations of the tedious tasks of infrastructure management and also minimizes development and maintenance costs. Nonetheless, storing the patient health data in the third-party servers also entails serious threats to data privacy. Because of probable disclosure of medical records stored and exchanged in the cloud, the patients' privacy concerns should essentially be considered when designing the security and privacy mechanisms. Various approaches have been used to preserve the privacy of the health information in the cloud environment. This survey aims to encompass the state-of-the-art privacy-preserving approaches employed in the e-Health clouds. Moreover, the privacy-preserving approaches are classified into cryptographic and noncryptographic approaches and taxonomy of the approaches is also presented. Furthermore, the strengths and weaknesses of the presented approaches are reported and some open issues are highlighted.
The superior intracapsular ligament of the sacroiliac joint: presumptive evidence for confirmation of Illi's ligament. (1990)

The existence of a superior intracapsular ligament within the sacroiliac joint has been disputed for years. This study notes that the dissection technique used to open the sacroiliac joint is of critical importance in finding this ligament. A dissection technique that emphasizes an inferior approach to the joint cavity is described. A superior intracapsular ligament of the sacroiliac joint (Illi's ligament) is noted with a 75% frequency in dissected cadavers. Illi's model for motion of the sacrum was based partially on the function of this ligament. The findings of this study suggest that current models of motion at the sacroiliac joint must include the presence of a superior intracapsular ligament.
A novel approach to induce human DCs from monocytes by triggering 4-1BBL reverse signaling (2009)

Dendritic cells (DCs) are responsible for the initiation of immune responses. Our study demonstrates a new pathway for generating a large quantity of stimulatory monocyte-derived DCs (Mo-DCs) from human monocytes using anti-4-1BB ligand (4-1BBL) mAb to trigger reverse signaling. The anti-4-1BBL-driven Mo-DCs (DCs(alpha-4-1BBL)) not only express higher levels of CD86, CD83 and HLA-DR, when compared with the Mo-DCs matured by tumor necrosis factor alpha, but also exhibit a unique phenotype that expresses lower levels of PD-L1. High levels of GM-CSF, M-CSF and Flt3 ligand (FL) were found in the anti-4-1BBL-differentiation culture. Neutralizing M-CSF, GM-CSF and FL inhibited Mo-DC proliferation stimulated by anti-4-1BBL mAb, suggesting that M-CSF, GM-CSF and FL are involved in cell proliferation stimulated by anti-4-1BBL. Further analysis of the DCs(alpha-4-1BBL) showed increased secretion of T(h)1-type cytokines IL-12 and IFN-gamma and decreased secretion of IL-10. DCs(alpha-4-1BBL) induced much stronger proliferative responses in the mixed lymphocyte reaction assay when compared with DCs derived by GM-CSF. Moreover, DCs(alpha-4-1BBL) preferentially induced T(h)1 responses. We have further demonstrated that anti-4-1BBL antibody stimulated nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB from the cytoplasm in monocytes, suggesting that reverse signaling by 4-1BBL is likely responsible for mediating DC differentiation. Collectively, we have found that reverse signaling of 4-1BBL promotes the differentiation of potent T(h)1-inducing DCs from human monocytes.
GIS in the cloud (2010)

Many producers of geographic information are now disseminating their data using open web service protocols, notably those published by the Open Geospatial Consortium. There are many challenges inherent in running robust and reliable services at reasonable cost. Cloud computing provides a new kind of scalable infrastructure that could address many of these challenges. In this study we implement a Web Map Service for raster imagery within the Google App Engine environment. We discuss the challenges of developing GIS applications within this framework and the performance characteristics of the implementation. Results show that the application scales well to multiple simultaneous users and performance will be adequate for many applications, although concerns remain over issues such as latency spikes. We discuss the feasibility of implementing services within the free usage quotas of Google App Engine and the possibility of extending the approaches in this paper to other GIS applications.
Modeling Short-Term Synaptic Depression in Silicon (2003)

We describe a model of short-term synaptic depression that is derived from a circuit implementation. The dynamics of this circuit model is similar to the dynamics of some theoretical models of short-term depression except that the recovery dynamics of the variable describing the depression is nonlinear and it also depends on the presynaptic frequency. The equations describing the steady-state and transient responses of this synaptic model are compared to the experimental results obtained from a fabricated silicon network consisting of leaky integrate-and-fire neurons and different types of short-term dynamic synapses. We also show experimental data demonstrating the possible computational roles of depression. One possible role of a depressing synapse is that the input can quickly bring the neuron up to threshold when the membrane potential is close to the resting potential.
Isotope Separation in a "Seeded Beam" (1975)

A new method of separating isotopes in a gaseous mixture is described. The method takes advantage of the differences in velocities of isotopic species in a molecular beam formed by expansion of the mixture with a light gas from a nozzle source. For the separation of the hexafluorides of uranium-235 and uranium-238 the technique has an estimated separative work factor about 500 times higher than the gaseous diffusion process and 100 times higher than the curved-jet method.
Determination of Human Granulocyte Elastase by the Immunoactivation Method on the Hitachi® 717 Automated Analyser (1991)

This paper describes a fully mechanized homogeneous immunoassay using the immunoactivation method for the rapid and specific determination of human granulocyte elastase (EC 3.4.21.37) in plasma. The method uses anti-elastase antibody fragments from sheep, conjugated to horseradish peroxidase. These enzyme-antibody conjugates bind to the elastase-alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor complex present in plasma. A separate sample blank with non-specific sheep antibody fragments conjugated to horseradish peroxidase corrects for errors introduced by the sample matrix. Measurements were performed with the clinical chemistry analyser Hitachi 717. A single determination can be performed in 10 min, requiring 24 microliters sample volume. The measuring range is about 20 to 1000 micrograms/l elastase. For within-run precision the coefficients of variation are 4.77%, 4.48% and 1.85% for elastase concentrations of 45.7, 89.1 and 385.4 micrograms/l; for day-to-day precision the coefficients of variation are 15.81%, 7.19% and 4.12% for elastase concentrations of 31.1, 65.5 and 440.2 micrograms/l, respectively. Correlation (y = bx + a) of results with those from the heterogeneous immunoassay showed a good agreement (r = 0.93, b = 1.11, a = -27.0, N = 121). Interferences by endogeneous substances and by drugs at therapeutic doses were not observed. The reference interval, determined by using plasma from 215 healthy individuals (C-reactive protein less than 5 mg/l, leukocyte count 4-8 x 10(9)/l), was 9-56 micrograms/l (2.5th to 97.5th percentile), with a median of 27 micrograms/l.
CYTOKINE TARGETS IN THE BRAIN: IMPACT ON NEUROTRANSMITTERS AND NEUROCIRCUITS (2013)

Increasing attention has been paid to the role of inflammation in a host of illnesses including neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety. Activation of the inflammatory response leads to release of inflammatory cytokines and mobilization of immune cells both of which have been shown to access the brain and alter behavior. The mechanisms of the effects of inflammation on the brain have become an area of intensive study. Data indicate that cytokines and their signaling pathways including p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase have significant effects on the metabolism of multiple neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, and glutamate through impact on their synthesis, release, and reuptake. Cytokines also activate the kynurenine pathway, which not only depletes tryptophan, the primary amino acid precursor of serotonin, but also generates neuroactive metabolites that can significantly influence the regulation of dopamine and glutamate. Through their effects on neurotransmitter systems, cytokines impact neurocircuits in the brain including the basal ganglia and anterior cingulate cortex, leading to significant changes in motor activity and motivation as well as anxiety, arousal, and alarm. In the context of environmental challenge from the microbial world, these effects of inflammatory cytokines on the brain represent an orchestrated suite of behavioral and immune responses that subserve evolutionary priorities to shunt metabolic resources away from environmental exploration to fighting infection and wound healing, while also maintaining vigilance against attack, injury, and further pathogen exposure. Chronic activation of this innate behavioral and immune response may lead to depression and anxiety disorders in vulnerable individuals.
Hypothetical data bases as views (1981)

In this paper we show that hypothetical data bases can be effectively supported by slight extensions to conventional view support mechanisms. Moreover, we argue that the resulting structure may well be quite efficient and that there are advantages to making hypothetical data bases central to the operation of a DBMS.
Introduction: Ethnicity and Justice (1991)

Other| January 01 1991 Introduction: Ethnicity and Justice Johnny Washington Johnny Washington Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Explorations in Ethnic Studies (1991) 14 (1): 1–3. https://doi.org/10.1525/ees.1991.14.1.1 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Johnny Washington; Introduction: Ethnicity and Justice. Explorations in Ethnic Studies 1 January 1991; 14 (1): 1–3. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/ees.1991.14.1.1 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentEthnic Studies Review Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright, ©EES, The National Association for Ethnic Studies, 19911991 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.