gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Experiences in security testing for web-based applications (2009)

Web-based application is the most prevalent pattern of software system, and has been widely used in the industry and society. However, its security problem brings great harassment to users, such as system crash and economic loss. So it has attracted lots of attention in both academic and industrial community. Although the existing researches have discussed such problem, they mainly focus on a specific security flaw but fail to provide an overall testing guidance. At first, an overall security testing framework for Web-based application is proposed in the paper. Subsequently, the security testing practice for a real-world Web application is carried out, and the corresponding experiences are reported. Test results show that the security testing framework can provide effectual direction for testing practice and reveal valuable security flaws.
Recovering spectral data from natural scenes with an RGB digital camera and colored filters (2007)

Abstract Many spectral‐recovery methods using RGB digital cameras assume the underlying smoothness of illuminant and reflectance spectra, and apply low‐dimensional linear models. The aim of the present work was to test whether a direct‐mapping method could be used instead of a linear‐models approach to recover spectral radiances and reflectances from natural scenes with an RGB digital camera and colored filters. In computer simulations, a conventional RGB digital camera with up to three colored filters was used to image scenes drawn from a hyperspectral image database. Three measures were used to evaluate recovery with the direct‐mapping method: goodness‐of‐fit, root‐mean‐square error, and a color‐difference metric. It was found that with two and three filters both spectral radiances and reflectances could be recovered sufficiently accurately for many practical applications. With little increase in computational complexity, an RGB camera and a few colored filters can provide significantly better recovery of natural scenes than an RGB camera alone. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 32, 352–360, 2007
Estimation of Cholinesterase Activity (EC 3.1.1.7; 3.1.1.8) in Undiluted Plasma and Erythrocytes as a Tool for Measuring In Vivo Effects of Reversible Inhibitors (1988)

In vivo effects of reversible inhibitors of cholinesterase activity were determined radiometrically in undiluted samples of erythrocytes and plasma. [14C]acetylcholine at substrate saturation, 25 degrees C and pH 7.4 permitted rapid and precise determination of butyrylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8) and acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7) activities. Reference values for acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase were estimated in the plasma and erythrocyte haemolysate of 102 healthy volunteers. The time course of in vitro inhibition was monitored, starting immediately after addition of 9-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine (tacrine), eserine or pyridostigmine to undiluted human plasma. Maximal inhibition (in vitro) was seen within 60 min with tacrine and eserine, in contrast to 180 min with pyridostigmine. The inhibition remained constant for more than 10 h except with eserine, from which enzyme activity showed an early recovery. Concentration response experiments were performed in undiluted human plasma and undiluted human erythrocyte haemolysate. Ki-values of tacrine, eserine and pyridostigmine were estimated. In contrast to pyridostigmine and eserine, tacrine was found to have a higher affinity for butyrylcholinesterase than for acetylcholinesterase. Tacrine at 2.5 mumol/l resulted in complete inhibition of butyrylcholinesterase and 70% inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity. Dilution of these samples up to 100-fold was accompanied by almost complete recovery of acetylcholinesterase and by 50% recovery of butyrylcholinesterase.
A Cortical Excitatory Wave May Cause Both The Aura and The Headache of Migraine (1992)

Clinical and neurophysiological observations indicate that the symptoms of migraine aura result from the spread of an excitatory wave along the cortex from a primary focus. This excitation may start as a consequence of information overload on a low threshold cortical area. The transient neuronal excitatory wave is followed by a longer lasting "depressive" wave, which involves a substantial reduction in cortical blood flow (with an active constriction of resistance vessels) and ionic changes and transmitter release into the extracellular fluid compartment. As a consequence, trigeminal pain fibre endings in cortical venules may become activated and, via branches (axon reflexes) along the venous vascular tree, also multiple endings in dural venules. This will induce a neurogenic inflammation in the vessel walls, primarily in dural venules, experienced as headache by the sufferer when sufficiently many fibres have become activated. The pain fibre endings are equipped with serotonin1D-like receptors, which upon stimulation suppress the inflammatory process. This scenario offers a rational explanation for the beneficial effect of the acute, and some of the prophylactic, medications used in migraine.
<i>Leishmania major</i> thialysine <i>N</i><sup>ε</sup>‐acetyltransferase: Identification of amino acid residues crucial for substrate binding (2005)

Thialysine N(epsilon)-acetyltransferases and spermidine/spermine N-acetyltransferases (SSAT) are closely related members of the GCN5-related N-acetyltransferase superfamily. Accordingly, a putative orthologue from the human protozoan parasite Leishmania major exhibits an almost equal similarity to human SSAT and thialysine N(epsilon)-acetyltransferase. Characterisation of the recombinantly expressed L. major protein indicated that it represents a thialysine N(epsilon)-acetyltransferase, preferring thialysine (S-aminoethyl-l-cysteine) and structurally related amino acids as acceptor molecules. The known thialysine N(epsilon)-acetyltransferases contain five conserved amino acid residues that are replaced in SSAT sequences. Kinetic analyses of the respective recombinant mutant proteins suggest that Ser(82) and Thr(83) of L. major thialysine N(epsilon)-acetyltransferase are key residues for acceptor binding. In addition, the conserved Leu(130) is tentatively involved in specific interaction with the sulphur-containing side chain of thialysine. The presence of these three amino acid residues is suggested to be a means by which thialysine N(epsilon)-acetyltransferases can be distinguished from SSAT sequences.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation, Structures, and Properties of SmBeF4 and SrBeF4 ‐ Unusual Variants of the Baryt Type Structure. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
RF Sputtered Low-Resistivity and High-Transmittance Indium Gallium Zinc Oxide Films for Near-UV Applications (2010)

Indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) films were deposited on glass substrates by co-sputtering and targets. The structural, electrical, and optical properties of the IGZO films are investigated as functions of substrate temperature and radio frequency (rf) power supplied to the target . The X-ray diffraction patterns show that the deposited IGZO films are amorphous in nature. The IGZO films have the lowest resistivity of with an In content of 24.56 atom % at substrate temperature. The optical transmittance at exceeds 80% for all samples.
Nonexpansive Immediate Breast Reconstruction Using Human Acellular Tissue Matrix Graft (AlloDerm) (2006)

Immediate breast reconstruction has become a standard of care following mastectomy for cancer, largely due to improved esthetic and psychologic outcomes achieved with this technique. However, the current historical standards--transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap reconstruction and expander--implant surgery-still have limitations as regards patient morbidity, short-term body-image improvements, and even cost. To address these shortcomings, we employ a novel concept of human tissue replacement to enhance breast shape and provide total coverage, enabling immediate mound reconstruction without the need for breast expansion prior to permanent implant placement. AlloDerm (human acellular tissue matrix) is a human-derived graft tissue with extensive experience in various settings of skin and soft tissue replacement surgery. This report describes the success using acellular tissue matrix to provide total coverage over the prosthesis in immediate reconstruction, with limited muscle dissection. In this population, 49 patients (76 breasts) successfully underwent the acellular tissue matrix-based immediate reconstruction, resulting in durable breast reconstruction with good symmetry. These findings may predict that acellular tissue matrix-supplemented immediate breast reconstruction will become a new technique for the immediate reconstruction of the postmastectomy breast.
Identification of a functional hypoxia-responsive element that regulates the expression of the <i>egl nine</i> homologue 3 (<i>egln3/phd3</i>) gene (2005)

Low oxygen levels induce an adaptive response in cells through the activation of HIFs (hypoxia-inducible factors). These transcription factors are mainly regulated by a group of proline hydroxylases that, in the presence of oxygen, target HIF for degradation. The expression of two such enzymes, EGLN1 [EGL nine homologous protein 1, where EGL stands for egg laying defective (Caenorhabditis elegans gene)] and EGLN3, is induced by hypoxia through a negative feedback loop, and we have demonstrated recently that hypoxic induction of EGLN expression is HIF-dependent. In the present study, we have identified an HRE (hypoxia response element) in the region of the EGLN3 gene using a combination of bioinformatics and biological approaches. Initially, we isolated a number of HRE consensus sequences in a region of 40 kb around the human EGLN3 gene and studied their evolutionary conservation. Subsequently, we examined the functionality of the conserved HRE sequences in reporter and chromatin precipitation assays. One of the HREs, located within a conserved region of the first intron of the EGLN3 gene 12 kb downstream of the transcription initiation site, bound HIF in vivo. Furthermore, this sequence was able to drive reporter gene expression under conditions of hypoxia in an HRE-dependent manner. Indeed, we were able to demonstrate that HIF was necessary and sufficient to induce gene expression from this enhancer sequence.
잇솔질 전후 및 방법에 따른 치태지수의 변화 - 일부 대학생 중심 - (2000)

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate variation of plaque index related to tooth brushing in college students, Methods: Measurement for plaque index was completed by 135 dental hygiene students in Taegu Health College from October to De
Preparation and Characterization of Poly(D,L-Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid) Microspheres Containing Flurbiprofen Sodium (2006)

This study aimed to prepare biodegradable microspheres containing flurbiprofen sodium, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), as the drug delivery system to the periodontal pocket. Microspheres were prepared from biodegradable copolymers of poly (D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) using solvent evaporation method. The effects of the different copolymers and amounts of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a dispersing agent on characteristics of the microspheres were evaluated. Although there was no correlation between microsphere size and amount of PVA, an optimum PVA concentration was essential to achieve narrower size distributions of microspheres. As the concentration of PVA increased, the drug loading of the microspheres increased. The effect of PVA on drug loading was found to be statistically significant for those microspheres prepared from PLGA 50:50 (p < 0.05). Regarding copolymer composition, PLGA 85:15 provided higher drug loading into the microspheres than PLGA 50:50 (p < 0.05). The recoveries of microspheres (60-80%) were affected neither by different PVA concentrations nor by copolymer compositions (p > 0.05). According to the first-order release rate constants of the microspheres, the microspheres of PLGA 50:50 released the drug at the highest rate consistently, with the highest hydrophilicity of this copolymer.
SALGA supports Gauteng and Western Cape Municipalities on the role that has to be played by Political Leadership while executing their oversight responsibilities (2020)

SALGA coordinated a training on oversight role which should be played by various councillors serving in the finance portfolio on the 24th of August 2020, the latter was informed by the roll out of the MSCOA implementation in 2017, to check and assess if various committees, designated to oversee the MSCOA responsibilities are functional. The workshop facilitated by National Treasury had 106 delegates from Gauteng and Western Cape municipalities, National and Provincial Treasuries, Public Affairs Research Institution (PARI) and Ndalo Risk Management Company.
Ontario's Indoor, Controlled-Mode Remote Sensing I/M Prescreen Concept (1996)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">THE PURPOSE of this paper is to evaluate the concept of using remote emission sensing under controlled conditions to quickly identify clean vehicles (operating on gasoline, natural gas, or propane) and eliminate them from further testing in a mandatory vehicle emissions inspection and maintenance (I/M) program. The test procedure involves performing remote sensing measurements of light duty vehicle exhaust emissions as the vehicle is driven under controlled conditions in a prescribed manner past three remote sensing units. All vehicles in this project were then subjected to IM240 chassis dynamometer testing to determine the accuracy of the prescreen result. Third party quality control/quality assurance/auditing was employed to ensure data integrity and reliability.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Data is presented illustrating the tradeoff of IM240 program effectiveness versus prescreen pass rate for the non-preconditioned and the preconditioned fleet applying US EPA Final IM240 Standards. The Ontario IM240 Proposed Phase-In standards case is also examined where the remote sensing prescreen may be used as a valuable tool in easing the introduction of, and improving the public convenience of a potential mandatory I/M program in southern Ontario.</div>
Substrate Specificity and Adenosine Triphosphatase Activity of the ATP-Dependent Deoxyribonuclease, of Bacillus subtilis (1981)

Studies on the specificity of the ATP-dependent DNase of Bacillus subtilis 168, carried out with pure enzyme at the optimal conditions for its action, have shown that the substrate is double-stranded linear DNA. Linear single-stranded DNA (separated strands of B. subtilis DNA and linear phage fd DNA) is not attacked, neither are there any circular forms (supercoiled or nicked simian virus 40 and circular single-stranded fd DNAs). The double-stranded DNA can be completely hydrolysed, the limit products being, almost exclusively, mononucleotides. The presence of terminal phosphate residues in the substrate (either at the 3' or the 5' end) is not necessary for enzyme action. This DNase appears therefore to be an exonuclease processively liberating mononucleotides from both strands of the native linear DNA. ATP (indispensable for the DNase reaction) is also hydrolysed by the enzyme, to ADP and inorganic orthophosphate (Pi) in the presence of DNA. The apparent Km for ATP, in the ATPase reaction, is 0.15 mM. At high ATP concentrations, which inhibit the DNase activity, there is activation of the ATPase reaction. Three molecules of ATP are consumed for each DNA phosphodiester bond split, at optimal conditions for DNase activity.
Moving Object Detection by Track Analysis (1990)

The purpose of this thesis is to study the Hough transform method, as applied to the detection of tracks of underwater moving objects in Lofargrams. The subjects included are the Hough transformation, clustering study, and reconstruction. Two methods, LAS (Land Analysis System) cluster technique and Sorting, are used for cluster analysis. Encouraging results are obtained from the Sorting method. A further improvement of the Sorting is shown to yield better results in processing noisy track data. Experimental results dealing with noise free artificial data, noisy artificial data, and real noisy data are presented. The improved Sorting technique presented in the thesis has shown improvements compared to the straight forward Sorting when it is applied to spectral component tracking.
Simulation of proppant transport with gravitational settling and fracture closure in a three-dimensional hydraulic fracturing simulator (2016)

We implement proppant transport in a three-dimensional hydraulic fracturing simulator, including proppant settlement due to gravity, tip screen-out, and fracture closure. Constitutive equations are used that account for processes that can cause the flowing fraction of proppant to be different from the volumetric fraction of proppant. The constitutive equations capture the transition from Poiseuille flow to Darcy flow as the slurry transitions from dilute mixture to packed bed. We introduce new constitutive equations that allow the simulator to seamlessly describe the process of fracture closure, including a nonlinear joint closure law expressing fracture compliance and roughness and accounting for the effect of proppant accumulation into a packed layer between the fracture walls. We perform sensitivity analysis simulations to investigate the effect of fluid viscosity, proppant density, proppant size, and formation permeability. The simulations confirm that tip screen-out can limit fracture length, cause proppant banking, and increase injection pressure. Sensitivity analysis indicates that reasonably accurate results can be achieved without excessive mesh refinement. We also perform a simulation of hydraulic fracture propagation through a complex natural fracture network. In this simulation, proppant tends to accumulate at the intersections between natural and hydraulic fractures. Overall, the results suggest that in very low permeability formations, proppant settling is a major problem for proppant placement because proppant tends to gravitationally settle before fracture closure can occur. Because leakoff is so slow, proppant immobilization through bridging is critical for vertical proppant placement. Bridging can occur at aperture approximately three times greater than particle diameter, which will occur much sooner after shut-in than full mechanical closure. Even though larger diameter proppant settles more rapidly, it may lead to better proppant placement because it will bridge sooner, at a larger fracture aperture. These results also suggest that it is critical to optimize injection schedule in order to avoid tip screen-out, which leads to a shorter, wider fracture in which bridging is less likely to occur. Our modeling approach can be used practically for optimization of proppant placement through selection of fluid properties, proppant properties, and injection schedule.
Immunostaining of chain-specific keratins on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues: a comparison of various antigen retrieval systems using microwave heating and proteolytic pre-treatments. (1995)

The use of chain-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against keratins in pathology is hampered by their limited staining on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue. In the present study, various treatments before immunohistochemistry on paraffin sections were compared, including proteolytic enzymes and microwave antigen retrieval in various solutions. Sections of normal cervical and skin tissue were stained in a three-step immunoperoxidase method, employing a broad panel of MAbs against chain-specific keratins 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 13, 14, 17, 18, 19 and pankeratin. Using microwave heating, Target Unmasking Fluid (TUF), Antigen Retrieval Solution (ARS), a simple detergent solution (DET), PBS, and distilled water (MiQ) were compared. Microwave heating in PBS or MiQ strongly improved staining results. Moreover, microwave pre-treatment in TUF or DET gave excellent and specific staining with the majority of MAbs tested, comparable with or even better than staining obtained on frozen sections. Using microwave antigen retrieval, tissue morphology remained optimal, and only in a very limited number of MAbs did immunoreactivity on paraffin sections fail to be restored. Proteolytic pre-treatment with trypsin, pepsin, or pronase gave moderate to strong staining with some of the MAbs. Other MAbs, for which microwave pre-treatment was able to restore the loss of immunoreactivity, failed to give appropriate staining with proteolytic pre-treatment. Our results show that microwave heating in either TUF or a simple detergent solution before immunohistochemistry is a reliable method for antigen retrieval of chain-specific keratins in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues.
Electrochemical State-Based Sinusoidal Ripple Current Charging Control (2014)

This paper presents a sinusoidal ripple current charging algorithm based on embedded impedance measurements. Existing battery charging strategies typically do not take into account the electrochemical properties of batteries, because these factors are difficult to obtain during charging operation. Factors of concern include lithium plating, growth of a solid electrolyte interphase, limited exchange current, and slow diffusion rates. It is beneficial to utilize these parameters during charging operation, because the charging current can adapt to the time-varying characteristics of a battery. Consequently, battery life cycle, charging speed, and charging efficiency all improve. In this paper, rigorous analysis of electrochemical characteristics is performed and a method for minimization of variations of charge transfer impedance is explained based on a sinusoidal ripple current charging algorithm. To obtain the optimal ripple current frequency, ac impedance analysis based on the dq transformation method is proposed. As a result, this method improved charging efficiency and reduced lithium plating by activation polarization. Simulation and experimental results using a 14.6-V LiFeMgPO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> battery are used to validate and demonstrate the performance of the proposed control scheme. Based on the proposed control scheme, the charging time and efficiency of the Li-ion battery are improved by 5.1% and 5.6%, respectively.
Fine‐Line Patterning of Parylene‐n by Reactive Ion Etching for Application as an Interlayer Dielectric (1996)

This paper investigates the fine‐line patterning of the vapor deposited polymer parylene‐n, as a candidate material for a low dielectric constant interlayer dielectric in multilevel metallization. Etch rates have been determined in plasmas of both pure oxygen and a mixture of . Half‐micron, anisotropic patterns have also been produced and the conditions for obtaining straight‐wall profiles have been determined. In addition, inlayed structures of the damascene type have been fabricated. The effects of plasma treatment on the parylene surface are also reported.
Thevenin Equivalent Circuit Estimation and Application for Power System Monitoring and Protection (2008)

The Estimation of Thevenin Equivalent Parameters is useful for System Monitoring and Protection. We studied a method for estimating the Thevenin equivalent circuits. We then studied two applications including voltage stability and fault location. A study of the concepts of Voltage Stability is done in the initial part of this thesis. A Six Bus Power System Model was simulated using MATLAB SIMULINK®. Subsequently, the Thevenin Parameters were calculated. The results were then used for two purposes, to calculate the Maximum Power that can be delivered and for Fault Location.