gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New Hopes from Old Drugs: Revisiting DNA-Binding Small Molecules as Anticancer Agents (2009)

Most of the anticancer chemotherapeutic drugs that are broadly and successfully used today are DNA-damaging agents. Targeting of DNA has been proven to cause relatively potent and selective destruction of tumor cells. However, the clinical potential of DNA-damaging agents is limited by the adverse side effects and increased risk of secondary cancers that are consequences of the agents' genotoxicity. In this review, we present evidence that those agents capable of targeting DNA without inducing DNA damage would not be limited in these ways, and may be as potent as DNA-damaging agents in the killing of tumor cells. We use as an example literature data and our own research of the well-known antimalarial drug quinacrine, which binds to DNA without inducing DNA damage, yet modulates a number of cellular pathways that impact tumor cell survival.
A comparison of arbitrary and symmetric channels on the basis of capacity (1967)

This paper concerns itseff with certain upper and lower bounds on the capacity of arbitrary discrete, memoryless channels. A given channel is related to an <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</tex> -ary symmetric channel through a series of operations on the channel matrix, none of which can increase capacity. The bounds are then obtained from the known formula for capacity of a symmetric channel.
Supraaortic CE MRA with SENSE at 3 Tesla (2006)

Purpose: To test the feasibility of contrast-enhanced MR angiography of the supraaortic arteries with SENSE and CENTRA at 3.0T
Novel hydrophobic associated polymer based nano-silica composite with core–shell structure for intelligent drilling fluid under ultra-high temperature and ultra-high pressure (2015)

Micro-nano-based drilling fluid has attracted a strong interest due to its attractive properties, and micro-nano composite materials have great potential for developing intelligent drilling fluid. In this study a novel hydrophobic associated polymer based nano-silica composite with core–shell structure was prepared and characterized by PSD, SEM, TEM and ESEM. The results showed that the composite, as a micro-nano drilling fluid additive, possessed excellent properties such as thermal stability, rheology, fluid loss and lubricity. Especially, it could plug the formation effectively and improve the pressure bearing capability of formation significantly.
“Optical and Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering properties of Ag modified silicon double nanocone array” (2017)

Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) systems with large number of active sites exhibit superior capability in detection of low concentration analytes. In this paper, we present theoretical as well as experimental studies on the optical properties of a unique hybrid nanostructure, Ag NPs decorated silicon double nanocones (Si-DNCs) array, which provide high density of hot spots. The Si-DNC array is fabricated by employing electron beam lithography together with plasma etching process. Multipole analysis of the scattering spectra, based on the multipole expansion theory, confirms that the toroidal dipole moment dominates over other electric and magnetic multipole moments in the Si-DNCs array. This response occurs as a result of generating current densities flowing in opposite directions and consequently generating H-field vortexes inside the nanocones. Moreover, SERS applicability of this type of nanostructure is examined. For this purpose, the Si-DNCs array is decorated with Ag nanoparticles (NPs) by means of electroless deposition method. Simulation results indicate that combination of multiple resonances, including LSPR resonance of Ag NPs, longitudinal standing wave resonance of Ag layer and inter-particle interaction in the gap region, result in a significant SERS enhancement. Our experimental results demonstrate that Si-DNC/Ag NPs array substrate provides excellent reproducibility and ultrahigh sensitivity.
Prognostic factors in glioblastoma multiforme patients receiving high-dose particle radiotherapy or conventional radiotherapy (2011)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of prognostic factors related to patient selection on survival outcomes. Survival outcomes were retrospectively analysed in a consecutive series of 67 newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients who had received either conventional fractionated photon radiotherapy (CRT) or high-dose particle radiotherapy (HDT). In the CRT protocol, a total dose of 60.0-61.2 Gy was administered. In the HDT protocol, an average dose of approximately 30 GyE in a single session and additional fractionated photon irradiation of total dose 30 Gy were administered to patients receiving boron neutron capture therapy; and a total dose of 96.6 GyE was administered to patients receiving proton therapy. Most of the patients had received chemotherapy with nimustine hydrochloride (ACNU) alone or with ACNU, procarbazine and vincristine. The median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival times for all patients were 17.7 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 14.6-20.9 months] and 7.8 months (95% CI, 5.7-9.9 months), respectively. The 1- and 2-year survival rates were 67.2% and 33.7%, respectively. For patients treated with HDT, the median OS was 24.4 months (95% CI, 18.2-30.5 months), compared with 14.2 months (95% CI, 10.0-18.3 months) for those treated with CRT. The Cox proportional hazards model revealed radiation modality (HDT vs CRT) and European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer recursive partitioning analysis class to be the significant prognostic factors. Age, sex, pre-operative performance status, treatment with or without advanced neuroimaging, extent of surgery and regimen of chemotherapy were not statistically significant factors in predicting prognosis. The median OS was 18.5 months (95% CI, 9.9-27.1 months) in patients of 65 years and older, compared with 16.8 months (95% CI, 13.6-20.1 months) in those 64 years and younger (p=0.871). The positive effect of HDT treatment is unlikely to reflect patient selection alone. Randomised trials with strictly controlled inclusion criteria to ensure the comparable selection of patients are required to demonstrate conclusively that prolonged survival can be attributed to high-dose particle radiotherapies.
Efficacy and safety of once-daily (OD) fluticasone furoate (FF) 50mcg over 24 weeks in adults and adolescents with persistent asthma (2013)

Introduction: The OD FF 50mcg dose showed effectiveness in asthma patients (pts) uncontrolled by short-acting β2 agonists (SABAs) in a 12-week dose-ranging study.

Objective: To assess efficacy/safety of FF 50mcg OD compared with placebo (PBO) in pts with asthma uncontrolled by non-corticosteroid therapies and/or SABA.

Methods: Randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group study (N=347;ITT) of FF 50mcg in the PM via dry powder inhaler, FP (active control) 100mcg BD via DISKUS or PBO for 24 weeks. Endpoints (all Δ baseline): primary–trough (pre-bronch.) FEV1; secondary–%rescue-free 24-h periods (powered; %RF), PM and AM PEF, %symptom-free 24-h periods (%SF). Safety was assessed throughout.

Results: FF (126mL), FP (191mL) and PBO (89mL) increased trough FEV1 at 24 weeks vs baseline. %RF: FF 28.9, FP 31.7, PBO 21.1. PM PEF (L/min): FF 24.9, FP 12.0, PBO 7.6. AM PEF (L/min): FF 30.0, FP 21.4, PBO 10.8. %SF: FF 25.1, FP 24.3, PBO 16.8. See Table for treatment differences. AE profile was broadly similar across groups; AEs of special interest: FP and PBO both 10%; FF 3%.

![Figure][1] 



Conclusions: This study showed a small statistically significant improvement in trough FEV1 with FP, but not FF, vs PBO in pts with persistent asthma uncontrolled by non-ICS therapy. Secondary endpoints showed variable results. No safety concerns were identified for FF or FP.

Funded by GSK (FFA115285;[NCT01436110][2]).

 [1]: pending:yes
 [2]: /lookup/external-ref?link_type=CLINTRIALGOV&access_num=NCT01436110&atom=%2Ferj%2F42%2FSuppl_57%2FP3397.atom
Simplifying reductions (2006)

We present optimization techniques for high level equational programs that are generalizations of affine control loops (ACLs). Significant parts of the SpecFP and PerfectClub benchmarks are ACLs. They often contain reductions: associative and commutative operators applied to a collection of values. They also often exhibit reuse: intermediate values computed or used at different index points being identical. We develop various techniques to automatically exploit reuse to simplify the computational complexity of evaluating reductions. Finally, we present an algorithm for the optimal application of such simplifications resulting in an equivalent specification with minimum complexity.
Development of Recording Materials for Holographic Non-Destructive Testing (1979)

This report describes a two year effort on investigating two recording materials for in-situ, real-time holographic nondestructive field testing application, namely, photodielectrics and photoconductorthermoplastic devices (PC-TP). The holographic parameters as well as the recording mechanism of photo-dielectric materials were thoroughly studied. The recording mechanism is attributed to photochemically induced cross links of macromolecules. Resolution on excess of 2500 1/mm and diffraction efficiency approaching 100% were measured. Due to the low exposure sensitivity, about 1 J/sq cm, this recording material could only be incorporated into systems for testing relatively small objects. A number of ways for operating the PC-TP devices more reliably and for improving the spatial bandwidth to over 1800 1/mm were established. Furthermore, the frost formation mechanism was investigated, and means for supressing the frost were determined, thereby leading to improved signal-to-noise ratio. These results together with the high exposure sensitivity (50 erg/sq cm and the improvements in sample fabrication, have led to an operable device which may be incorporated into most holographic non-destructive systems.
Scallop Elimination Based on Precise 5-Axis Tool Placement, Orientation, and Step-Over Calculations (1993)

Abstract This paper presents algorithms for computing precise 5-axis placement, orientation, and step-over calculations for end mill cutters at a single point on a sculptured surface. Present methods leave irregular scallops between finishing tool passes that require manual grinding to prepare the machined surface for polishing. The relationship between scallop height and step-over is well known for 3-axis movement of a ball end mill across a planar surface but no such relationship exists for 5-axis movement of end mills of other types. Manual grinding of machined surfaces is a time consuming process that generally results in a significant difference between the surface as designed and the actual machined surface. The goal of this approach is the elimination of rough grinding by eliminating scallops between adjacent points on consecutive finish machining passes. An example of a computer implementation of the method using a filleted end mill is also presented.
Endothelium‐derived hyperpolarizing factor and potassium use different mechanisms to induce relaxation of human subcutaneous resistance arteries (2001)

This investigation examined the hypothesis that release of K(+) accounts for EDHF activity by comparing relaxant responses produced by ACh and KCl in human subcutaneous resistance arteries. Resistance arteries (internal diameter 244+/-12 microm, n=48) from human subcutaneous fat biopsies were suspended in a wire myograph. Cumulative concentration-response curves were obtained for ACh (10(-9) - 3x10(-5) M) and KCl (2.5 - 25 mM) following contraction with noradrenaline (NA; 0.1 - 3 microM). ACh (E(max) 99.07+/-9.61%; -LogIC(50) 7.03+/-0.22; n=9) and KCl (E(max) 74.14+/-5.61%; -LogIC(50) 2.12+/-0.07; n=10)-induced relaxations were attenuated (P<0.0001) by removal of the endothelium (E(max) 8.21+/-5.39% and 11.56+/-8.49%, respectively; n=6 - 7). Indomethacin (10 microM) did not alter ACh-induced relaxation whereas L-NOARG (100 microM) reduced this response (E(max) 61.7+/-3.4%, P<0.0001; n=6). The combination of ChTx (50 nM) and apamin (30 nM) attenuated the L-NOARG-insensitive component of ACh-induced relaxation (E(max): 15.2+/-10.5%, P<0.002, n=6) although these arteries retained the ability to relax in response to 100 microM SIN-1 (E(max) 127.6+/-13.0%, n=3). Exposure to BaCl(2) (30 microM) and Ouabain (1 mM) did not attenuate the L-NOARG resistant component of ACh-mediated relaxation (E(max), 76.09+/-8.92, P=0.16; n=5). KCl-mediated relaxation was unaffected by L-NOARG+indomethacin (E(max); 68.1+/-5.6%, P=0.33; n=5) or the combination of L-NOARG/indomethacin/ChTx/apamin (E(max); 86.61+/-14.02%, P=0.35; n=6). In contrast, the combination of L-NOARG, indomethacin, ouabain and BaCl(2) abolished this response (E(max), 5.67+/-2.59%, P<0.0001, n=6). The characteristics of KCl-mediated relaxation differed from those of the nitric oxide/prostaglandin-independent component of the response to ACh, and were endothelium-dependent, indicating that K(+) does not act as an EDHF in human subcutaneous resistance arteries.
Nonlinear whispering-gallery modes in a microellipse cavity (2004)

We study theoretically the effect of deformed microelliptical cavities on lasing characteristics. We show that the transition of stationary lasing states from unidirectional rotational waves to a mixture of clockwise and anticlockwise rotational waves occurs when the shape of a disk is deformed to that of an ellipse.
Synthesis of a Model for the Functional Part of Photoprotein Aequorin (1995)

The unstable tert-butyl peroxide of a coelenterazine (Oplophorus luciferin) homologue was synthesized by a radical reaction. This compound is a model for a key intermediate in the bioluminescence of photoprotein aequorin.
Incidence of Local Complications after Intramedullary Nailing and after Plate Fixation of Femoral Shaft Fractures (1989)

A consecutive series of 378 patients with 381 acute adult femoral shaft fractures in previously intact femora admitted during a 10-year period was reviewed for the incidence of local complications including malunion. The majority, 282 fractures (74%), were caused by motor vehicle accidents. The median age of the patients was 28 years. The policy of management was internal fixation of the fracture on the day of admission. The method of treatment was intramedullary nailing (Küntscher or interlocking nailing) in 279 and plate fixation in 102 fractures. A local complication occurred in 90 patients (24%). Of these 90 cases 24 had malunion only while in the remaining 66 patients there was mechanical failure of fixation in 27, local infection in 20 (5.3% of the total), delayed union or nonunion in 15, and refracture in four patients. Concurrent injuries in the lower extremities were associated with a significantly increased frequency of delayed union, nonunion, and refracture. In 41 patients (11%) a total of 58 reoperations had to be undertaken because of local complications. There was an over-representation of plated fractures among those patients suffering a local complication classified as severe, 24 out of 37 (chi 2 = 30.3; p less than 0.001). Consequently, we now only exceptionally use plate fixation in the management of femoral shaft fractures.
Immunomodulatory effects of donor lymphocyte infusions following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (1995)

Recently, donor lymphocyte infusions have been successfully used to treat patients with CML who have relapsed following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Responses can be achieved in more than 60-70% of patients with stable phase CML without the need for the additional high dose cytotoxic chemotherapy that would accompany a second transplant procedure. The clinical and molecular remissions induced by this approach are a clear demonstration of graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) activity. Although undoubtedly donor lymphocyte infusions are safer than a second BMT, they are associated with toxicities stemming from graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and pancytopenia. In this review, the immunomodulatory mechanisms underlying the GVL activity of donor allogeneic lymphocytes infusions are presented. Unresolved issues regarding lymphocyte administration are discussed as well as potential ways to limit complications due to GVHD and pancytopenia. New potential applications of this immunotherapeutic approach for treatment of infectious disease and non-hematologic malignancies will be presented.
Gene expression profiling of lymphoblastoid cell lines from monozygotic twins discordant in severity of autism reveals differential regulation of neurologically relevant genes (2006)

Our results provide evidence that novel candidate genes for autism may be differentially expressed in lymphoid cell lines from individuals with autism spectrum disorders. This finding further suggests the possibility of developing a molecular screen for autism based on expressed biomarkers in peripheral blood lymphocytes, an easily accessible tissue. In addition, gene networks are identified that may play a role in the pathophysiology of autism.
Relativity Restored: Dirac Anisotropy in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Q</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">E</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">D</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math> (2002)

We show that, at long length scales and low energies and to leading order in 1/N expansion, the anisotropic QED in 2+1 dimensions renormalizes to an isotropic limit. Consequently, the (Euclidean) relativistic invariance of the theory is spontaneously restored at the isotropic critical point.
Lysosomal enzymes in human lymphoblastoid lines: unusual characteristics of RAJI and DAUDI (1977)

The lysosomal enzymes N-acetyl hexosaminidase, alpha-galactosidase and alpha-mannosidase vary in electrophoretic mobility in different human lymphoblastoid (lymphoid) lines. The relative mobilities of these three enzymes and three out of four other lysosomal enzymes tested correlate well with each other. The patterns appear to be relatively stable characteristics of each line. The lines RAJI and DAUDI show a strikingly fast electrophoretic mobility for all of these enzymes. N-acetyl hexosaminidase is also markedly deficient in DAUDI.
Evaluacin del aprendizaje (2009)

En esta seccion encontraremos pruebas de conocimientos previos y de autoevaluacion. 
Examenes y sus soluciones.
Synthesis of (.+-.)-antirhine from (.+-.)-norcamphor (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of (.+-.)-antirhine from (.+-.)-norcamphorSeiichi Takano, Mikoto Takahashi, and Kunio OgasawaraCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 12, 4282–4283Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00532a061https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00532a061research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views246Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Saponification of Diacetates of 2‐Nitro‐1,3‐propanediols by Pig‐Liver Esterase and Preparation of Enantiomerically Pure Derivatives of 2‐Nitro‐allylic Alcohols (Chiral Multiple‐Coupling Reagents). (1988)

Abstract The reproducible enantioselective saponification of open‐chain and cyclic meso‐diol diacetates (I) (the synthesis of which is described) with pig‐liver esterase gives the monoacetates (II) with > 95% enantiomeric excess.
[Three operated cases of LMT-lesion with chief complaint of syncopal attack]. (1990)

An urgent aorto-coronary bypass operation (AC-bypass) was made in three patients with unstable angina pectoris, suffering from stenosis of the left main trunk (LMT). All patients were admitted with chief complaints of chest discomfort and syncopal attack. Case 1 was a 71 year-old man who suffered with chest discomfort and syncopal attack. He was admitted to our emergency room by ambulance 40 minutes after the syncopal attack, on January 11, 1989. His blood pressure was 140/96; pulse 84 and regular. The electrocardiogram (ECG) showed right bundle branch block, ST elevation in aVR, aVL and ST depression in all other leads. Coronary arteriogram (CAG) was made urgently and showed 80% stenosis in LMT. The emergency AC-bypass operation was successfully carried out about 3 hours and 10 minutes after the onset of symptoms. Case 2 was a 51 year-old man who suffered from precordial oppression and syncopal attack. He was admitted to our emergency room by ambulance about 1 hour after the attack, on January 17, 1989. His blood pressure was 94/74; pulse 120 and irregular. Chest radiography showed a cardiothoracic ratio of 58% and the ECG disclosed atrial fibrillation, ST elevation in aVR and ST depression in I, II, III, aVF, V1-6. The echocardiogram revealed hypokinetic motion in the antero-lateral wall of the left ventricle. CAG was carried out without delay, and showed 70% stenosis with slit in LMT. An emergency AC-bypass operation was successfully carried out about 3 hours and 50 minutes after the onset of symptoms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
High-speed resonant-tunneling diodes made from the In0.53Ga0.47As/AlAs material system (1990)

New double-barrier resonant-tunneling diodes have been fabricated in the pseudomorphic In0.53Ga0.47As/AlAs material system that have peak current densities exceeding 1x105 A cm-2 and peak-to-valley current ratios of approximately 10 at room temperature. One of these diodes yielded oscillations up to 125 GHz, but did not oscillate at higher frequencies because of a large device capacitance. A device with a much lower capacitance is estimated to have a maximum oscillation frequency of 932 GHz and a voltage rise time of 1.5 ps in switching from the peak bias point to the valley bias point. Other reported In0.53Ga0.47As/AlAs diodes are analyzed and yield theoretical maximum oscillation frequencies over 1 THz and rise times as low as 0.3 ps.
The Production and Properties of Glucose Syrups. II. Physiological Properties of Glucose Syrups (1980)

Abstract The study indicates that when gum arabic, fat and protein are taken in conjunction with glucose syrup, changes in blood glucose profiles occur compared with glucose syrup alone. With gum arabic the effect is greatest in the 21% D.E. syrup, 30 min post ingestion (causing an elevation of blood glucose) and thereafter the effect is confined to the higher D. E. syrups. Added protein produces an elevated blood glucose peak and fat a decreased peak. Smaller loadings (10 g instead of 50 g) of different D.E. syrups showed no significant differences in blood glucose profiles.