gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biophysical studies of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (1977)

The molecular weight of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) has been determined by analytical ultracentrifugation and dynamic light scattering. The sedimentation coefficient of the virus was found to be 435S. The average value for molecular weight is (55 +/- 7) x 106. The virus genome consists of two segments of double-stranded RNA (molecular weights, 2.5 x 106 and 2.3 x 106), which represents 8.7% of the virion mass. The capsid protein moiety of IPNV consists of four species of polypeptides, as determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The number of molecules of each polypeptide in the virion has been determined. There are 22 molecules of the internal polypeptide alpha (molecular weight, 90,000), 544 molecules of the outer capsid polypeptide beta (molecular weight, 57,000), and 550 and 122 molecules, respectively, of the internal polypeptides gamma1 (molecular weight, 29,000) and gamma2 (molecular weight, 27,000). IPNV top component contains only the beta polypeptide species, and its molecular weight is estimated to be 31 x 106. The hydrodynamic diameter and electron microscopic diameter (calculated by catalase crystal-calibrated electron microscopy) of IPNV was compared with those of reovirus and encephalomyocarditis virus. Due to the swelling of the outer capsid, reovirus particles were found to be much larger when hydrated (96-nm diameter) than when dehydrated (76-nm diameter), having a large water content content and low average density. In contrast, IPNV particles are more rigid, having nearly the same average diameter under hydrous (64 nm) as under anhydrous conditions (59.3 nm). Encephalomyocarditis virus has a very low water content and does not shrink at all when prepared for electron microscopy.
In Situ Remediation of Arsenic in Simulated Groundwater Using Zerovalent Iron:  Laboratory Column Tests on Combined Effects of Phosphate and Silicate (2003)

We performed three column tests to study the behavior of permeable reactive barrier (PRB) materials to remove arsenic under dynamic flow conditions in the absence as well as in the presence of added phosphate and silicate. The column consisted of a 10.3 cm depth of 50:50 (w:w, Peerless iron:sand) in the middle and a 10.3 cm depth of a sediment from Elizabeth City, NC, in both upper and lower portions of the 31-cm-long glass column (2.5 cm in diameter) with three side sampling ports. The flow velocity (upflow mode) was maintained at 4.3 m d(-1) during the 3-4-month experiments. As expected, dissolved As concentrations in different positions of the column generally followed the order: column influent > bottom port effluent > middle port effluent > top port effluent > column effluent. The steady-state As removal in the middle Peerless iron and sand mixture zone might be attributed to the continuous supply of corroded iron in the form of iron oxides and hydroxides that served as the sorbents for both As(V) and As(III). Consistent with previous batch study findings, dissolved phosphate (0.5 or 1 mg of P L(-1)) and silicate (10 or 20 mg of Si L(-1)) showed strong inhibition for As(V) and As(III) (1 mg of As(V) L(-1) + 1 mg of As(III) L(-1) in 7 mM NaCl + 0.86 mM CaSO4) removal by Peerless iron in the column tests. The presence of combined phosphate and silicate resulted in earlier breakthrough (C = 0.5C0) and earlier complete breakthrough of dissolved arsenic relative to absence of added phosphate and silicate in the bottom port effluent. Competition between As(V)/As(III) and phosphate/silicate forthe sorption sites on the corrosion products of Peerless iron seems to be the cause of the observations. This effect is especially important in the case of silicate for designing a PRB of zerovalent iron for field use because dissolved silicate is ubiquitous in terrestrial waters.
Catalytic conversion of syngas to mixed alcohols over CuFe-based catalysts derived from layered double hydroxides (2013)

A uniform and highly dispersed CuFe-based catalyst was obtained via a calcination–reduction process of a CuFeMg-layered double hydroxide (LDH) precursor, which exhibits good activity and selectivity towards catalytic conversion of syngas to mixed alcohols. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveal that the CuFeMg-LDH precursor possesses high crystallinity with a particle size of 40–60 nm. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) demonstrate a high dispersion of copper and iron species on the catalyst surface. The CuFe-based catalyst derived from CuFeMg-LDHs shows high CO conversion (56.89%) and the total alcohol yield (0.28 g mLcat.−1 h−1), as a result of the high dispersion of active species as well as the synergistic effect between the copper and the iron species revealed by X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) and H2 temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR) techniques. Therefore, this work provides a facile and effective method for the preparation of CuFe-based catalysts with high catalytic activity, which can be potentially used in syngas conversion to mixed alcohols.
Molecular Mechanisms of Radiation Oncogenesis (1994)

Resolving the molecular mechanisms of radiation oncogenesis represents an important but daunting challenge in radiation research. This brief review outlines the principal oncogenic mechanisms that need to be considered in the context of radiation effects on the genome, how these might relate to specific gene and chromosomal changes relevant to neoplasia and the possible implications of such knowledge for the modelling of cancer risk. The long-term application of this mechanistic knowledge to the determination of tumour causality and for the assessment of individual cancer risk is also briefly discussed.
Novel serum protein biomarker panel revealed by mass spectrometry and its prognostic value in breast cancer (2014)

Protein mass profiling by MS has revealed five serum proteins which, in combination, can distinguish between serum from women with breast cancer and healthy control subjects with high sensitivity and specificity. The five-protein panel significantly predicts recurrence-free survival in women with ER-negative tumors and may have value in the management of these patients.
Building a Windows NT bastion host (2000)

This article presents a checklist for converting a default Windows NT installation to a bastion host. It makes little or no attempt to explain or discuss the features it implements. Therefore I suggest that you first read all the Knowledge Base articles I've listed and the other referenced documents. If there is something you don't understand after having read those articles, do not conictinue. read them again or look for additional assistance.
The smallest stowaways (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTThe smallest stowawaysKris ChristenCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2001, 35, 1, 14A–15APublication Date (Web):January 1, 2001Publication History Published online1 January 2001Published inissue 1 January 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es0122445https://doi.org/10.1021/es0122445newsACS Publications. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views166Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (9 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Communication Capacity and Quality Enhancement Using a Two-Layered Adaptive Resource Allocation Scheme for Multi-Beam Mobile Satellite Communication Systems (2006)

To obtain large capacity, high quality mobile satellite communication systems in the future, we must use a multi-beam that can cope with extremely high levels of frequency reuse. This paper describes a novel resource allocation algorithm for multi-beam satellite communication systems that can dynamically adapt to maximum communication capacity without compromising quality. The algorithm combines two resource allocation schemes that enable it to contend with the ever-changing user distribution and inter-beam interference conditions. The first scheme optimizes the resources amongst beams. To minimize interference, the optimal constraint conditions are clarified when all clusters share and occupy the same bandwidth completely. These constraints are used in the optimization algorithm. The second scheme manages the various required resources and adapts them to the beam gain and interference levels at various user locations within a single beam. We propose a fixed power adaptive modulation scheme to obtain stable communications. This two-layered scheme can satisfactorily allocate multi-beam satellite resources to contend with the increasing communication capacity and still improve the quality.
Phase-modulation data sets for serial transmission at 2,000 and 2,400 bits per second (1962)

Data sets employing phase modulation (PM) techniques are described. A brief description of the operation of the set follows: Pairs of serial binary digits, called dibits, are encoded by the transmitter to generate line signal elements conveying information by means of relative shifts of the carrier-frequency phase angle. This relative phase shift allows the use of differentially coherent detection in the receiver. In-phase and quadrature components of the received line signal are delayed for a period of time corresponding to one signal element and are then modulated with the incoming signal to produce baseband data signals. Bit synchronization timing circuits in the receiver continuously recover a timing wave from the line signal. The operation of this circuit does not depend on message content and is not affected by carrier shift.
Listeriolysin as a virulence factor in Listeria monocytogenes infection of neonatal mice and murine decidual tissue (1991)

Listeriolysin is a 60-kDa protein which allows the growth of Listeria monocytogenes in macrophages and other cells and has been shown to be a virulence factor in Listeria infections of adult mice. However, the neonate and fetoplacental unit are major populations susceptible to listeriosis. Recent data indicate that macrophage and T-cell functions are markedly inhibited in these young mice, and the virulence of listeriolysin-negative (HLY-) and listeriolysin-positive (HLY+) Listeria cells in the setting of such inhibited macrophage and T-cell functions has not previously been examined. We now compare CNL 85/162, a transposon-induced, HLY- Listeria strain, and CNL 85/163, a spontaneous HLY+ revertant. We found that all 18 neonates injected with CNL 85/163 (HLY+) died within 12 days after an injection of 10(4) Listeria cells per mouse. In contrast, all 16 neonates injected with 1,000 times more CNL 85/162 (HLY-) cells survived more than 14 days. Three days after injection, growth of CNL 85/163 (HLY+) in the internal organs was more than 5 log greater than that of CNL 85/162 (HLY-). We also found that CNL 85/162 (HLY-) did not proliferate well in decidual tissue, which is a major component of the placental region. Our studies indicate that HLY- bacteria are not virulent in the neonate and the fetoplacental unit despite the inhibited immune functions at these sites.
Single event transients in deep submicron CMOS (2003)

Single event transients (SET) occur when an energetic subatomic particle strikes a combinational logic element. The charge deposited by the particle causes a transient voltage disturbance, which can propagate to a storage element and be latched, resulting in single event upset (SEU). The logic design style, storage element behavior, and system timing requirements greatly impact the probability that an SET will cause an SEU. These effects are explored through circuit simulations and heavy ion testing of prototype devices.
Subacute Necrotizing Encephalomyelopathy (1971)

Treatment of a case of Leigh's disease with (1.5 gm) thiamine and thiamine propyl disulfide (300 mg) was associated with marked improvement in weight and neurologic status and appeared to reverse respiratory failure. For reasons yet unknown, it became increasingly difficult to maintain thiamine levels above 50μg/100 ml in the patient's cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), through blood levels exceeded 1,000μg/100 ml. Remissions correlated with increased CSF thiamine concentrations, exacerbations with low levels. Brain tissue obtained at autopsy had only a slightly elevated total thiamine content (2μg/gm). No thiamine triphosphate was present in pons or cerebellum. Initial successes with this case and several others suggest that there may be some rationale for the use of thiamine and thiamine propyl disulfide in this condition.
Membrane formation by phase inversion in multicomponent polymer systems: Mechanisms and morphologies (1998)

HemoHIM is a medicinal herbal preparation of <i>Angelica gigas</i> Nakai (Apiaceae), <i>Cnidium officinale</i> Makino (Umbelliferae), and <i>Paeonia lactiflora</i> Pallas (Paeoniaceae) designed for immune regulation. In the present study, the memory-enhancing effects of a standardized extract (HemoHIM) on scopolamine-induced memory impairment in a murine model was investigated. To induce amnesia, scopolamine (1 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected into mice 30 min before the start of behavioral tests. The Y-maze, novel object recognition test (NORT), and passive avoidance task (PAT) were used to evoke memory functions. HemoHIM significantly improved scopolamine-induced memory impairment in ICR mice, which was evidenced by an improvement of spontaneous alternation in the Y-maze, recognition index in NORT, and latency time in PAT. To elucidate the possible mechanism, the cholinergic activity and mRNA levels of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAchR), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) were measured using reverse transcription (RT-PCR) and western blot analyses, respectively. HemoHIM treatment attenuated the scopolamine-induced hyperactivation of acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity. In addition, ChAT, mAchR, and CREB mRNA levels were increased in the hippocampus compared with the scopolamine group. Furthermore, HemoHIM treatment resulted in elevated BDNF protein expression. These results indicate that HemoHIM may exert antiamnesic activity by increasing Ach and inhibiting AchE in the hippocampus. In addition, HemoHIM has therapeutic potential by upregulating ChAT, mAchR, and BDNF, which is apparently mediated by activation of the CREB and ERK signaling pathways.
Using Metrics For Outsourcing Oversight (1997)

Successful outsourcing experiences are not based on the levying of penalties for failure but on the accrual of expected benefits by both parties involved in the outsourcing agreement. For these benefits to accrue, IS managers must implement a proactive, forward-looking oversight mechanism designed to ensure that the outsourcing provider operates in a performance zone that provides the expected business value. Outsourcing oversight metrics—key performance-monitoring parameters built into the outsourcing agreement and assessed on an on-going basis—form the basis of such a mechanism.
Modulating the fundamental inductive-capacitive resonance in asymmetric double-split ring terahertz metamaterials (2011)

We investigate resonant transmission of planar asymmetric metamaterials made from double split-ring resonators. As the symmetry of the unit cell resonator is broken by displacing the two gaps away from the center in opposite directions, a giant amplitude modulation is observed at the fundamental inductive-capacitive resonance due to strong polarization conversion. The modulation is nearly absent when the gaps are moved together in the same direction. This effect persists in metamaterials with different structural designs. These asymmetric metamaterials may open up new avenues toward the control of terahertz waves and the development of modulator and polarizer based terahertz devices.
Bulk and surface electronic structure of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mi>T</mml:mi><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">TiS</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>and<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mi>T</mml:mi><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">TiSe</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (1997)

Ab initio band-structure calculations were performed for bulk, single slab, and thin films of $\mathrm{Ti}{X}_{2}$ ($X=\mathrm{S},$ Se) using the localized spherical wave method. According to these calculations, bulk ${\mathrm{TiS}}_{2}$ and ${\mathrm{TiSe}}_{2}$ are semimetallic. The calculations show that ${\mathrm{TiS}}_{2}$ thin films are semiconductors, but thin films of ${\mathrm{TiSe}}_{2}$ are semimetallic. The indirect gap for single slab ${\mathrm{TiS}}_{2}$ is about 1.0 eV, and the gap becomes smaller with increasing number of layers. When the number of layers increases to 11, the ${\mathrm{TiS}}_{2}$ thin films are semimetallic. All but the surface layers are found to be electrically neutral. The density of states as a function of the energy for the surface layer is different from that of the bulk. The Madelung energy of the Ti atoms on the surface is about 0.35 eV lower than that for the Ti atoms in the bulk. The calculations are compared with photoemission spectra, reported in the literature.
Clozapine-induced agranulocytosis in a Native American: HLA typing and further support for an immune-mediated mechanism. (1992)

We suggest that HLA typing of clozapine candidates may be useful for predicting the risk for clozapine-induced agranulocytosis.
FOC and DTC: two viable schemes for induction motors torque control (2002)

Field-oriented control and direct torque control are becoming the industrial standards for induction motors torque control. This paper is aimed at giving a contribution for a detailed comparison between the two control techniques, emphasizing advantages and disadvantages. The performance of the two control schemes is evaluated in terms of torque and current ripple, and transient response to step variations of the torque command. The analysis has been carried out on the basis of the results obtained by numerical simulations, where secondary effects introduced by hardware implementation are not present.
CLINICAL REFRACTION (1954)

U. S. Army Hospital Ft. Leonard Wood, Missouri *Submitted on September 27, 1954, for publication in the December, 1954, issue of the American Journal of Optometry and Archives of American Academy of Optometry. The author is indebted to Capt. J. R. Bontley and Capt. A. E. Reynolds for the cooperation that has made this paper possible and to Carl Owens for the illustrations. †Optometrist, M.S. On active duty with the U. S. Army.
Online Calibration for LTE-Based Antenna Array System (2016)

This paper presents a novel calibration method that equalizes the impulse responses of all the Radio Frequency (RF) modules of an antenna array system operating in Long-Term Evolution (LTE) evolved NodeB (eNB). The proposed technique utilizes the Zadoff-Chu (Z-C) sequence of the Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) that are available in every LTE data frame for downlink and uplink, respectively, for estimating and compensating the differences in the impulse responses among the RF modules. The proposed calibration method is suitable for wide bandwidth signal environments of LTE because it equalizes the impulse response of each RF module, which is ultimately equivalent to compensate the phase and amplitude differences among RF modules for the entire frequency band. In addition, the proposed method is applicable while the target eNB is transmitting or receiving a data stream. From various experimental tests obtained from a test-bed implemented with 2 RF modules, it has been verified that the proposed method provides a reliable calibration for Release 10 Time Division Duplex (TDD) LTE signals. Phase errors after the calibration in our test-bed have been found to be about 2.418° and 2.983° for downlink and uplink, respectively.
Fast read-only transactions in replicated databases (2003)

The authors present a propagation mechanism, called the commit propagation mechanism (CPM), which increases the availability of data for read-only transactions. The proposed mechanism is piggy-backed on the messages used in the two-phase commit protocol. The CPM was combined with the standard quorum protocol in two different replicated database systems. In a fully replicated database, CPM allows any read-only transaction to execute locally at a single site without the need for any communication overhead. In a partially replicated database, CPM either ensures that the set of copies residing at a site are mutually consistent, or indicates which copies violate such consistency.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Real-time decoding and display of structured video (1994)

Structured (or model-based or analysis-synthesis) video refers to the representation of moving scenes in terms of component parts which are assembled according to scripting information to produce images for viewing. This sort of representation has advantages for both compression and interactivity. We describe a software implementation on a data-flow computer system which renders and composites two- and three-dimensional moving objects for display of compressed real and synthetic scenes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
La demanda de dinero en España, 1901-1970 (1975)

El objeto de este articulo es la publicacion de algunos resultados de un
estudio sobre la funcion de demanda de dinero en la economia espanola en lo
que va de siglo, con el ano 1901 como momento mas lejano en el tiempo (limitado
por la disponibilidad de cifras) y 1970 como fecha de conclusion (debido
a la genesis historica del estudio). Se deja para estudios posteriores el analisis
de las funciones a corto plazo, la evolucion de la velocidad-renta y el
analisis de los resultados por periodos.
A Deterministic Inventory System with an Inventory-Level-Dependent Demand Rate (1988)

This analysis is concerned with the continuous, deterministic case of an inventory system in which the demand rate of an item is of a polynomial functional form, dependent on the inventory level. Differential and integral calculus are used to find the inventory function with respect to time. From this, the objective function (to maximize average profit per unit time) is developed. For the continuous, multiperiod situation, a non-linear programming algorithm—separable programming—is utilized to determine the optimal order level (the quantity to order up to) and the order point (the quantity at which an order is placed). A numeric example and a sensitivity analysis are also presented.