gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
GAPfm: Optimal Top-N Recommendations for Graded Relevance Domains (2013)

Recommender systems are frequently used in domains in which users express their preferences in the form of graded judgments, such as ratings. If accurate top-N recommendation lists are to be produced for such graded relevance domains, it is critical to generate a ranked list of recommended items directly rather than predicting ratings. Current techniques choose one of two sub-optimal approaches: either they optimize for a binary metric such as Average Precision, which discards information on relevance grades, or they optimize for Normalized Discounted Cumulative Gain (NDCG), which ignores the dependence of an item's contribution on the relevance of more highly ranked items. In this paper, we address the shortcomings of existing approaches by proposing the Graded Average Precision factor model (GAPfm), a latent factor model that is particularly suited to the problem of top-N recommendation in domains with graded relevance data. The model optimizes for Graded Average Precision, a metric that has been proposed recently for assessing the quality of ranked results list for graded relevance. GAPfm learns a latent factor model by directly optimizing a smoothed approximation of GAP. GAPfm's advantages are twofold: it maintains full information about graded relevance and also addresses the limitations of models that optimize NDCG. Experimental results show that GAPfm achieves substantial improvements on the top-N recommendation task, compared to several state-of-the-art approaches. In order to ensure that GAPfm is able to scale to very large data sets, we propose a fast learning algorithm that uses an adaptive item selection strategy. A final experiment shows that GAPfm is useful not only for generating recommendation lists, but also for ranking a given list of rated items.
Notiz über die Racemat‐Spaltung der d,l‐α‐Amino‐buttersäure (1954)

Abstract Aus d,l ‐α‐Amino‐buttersäure‐benzylester wurde über das Dibenzoyl‐ d ‐tartrat und über das d ‐Hydrogentartrat die d ‐ und l ‐α‐Amino‐buttersäure gewonnen. Über das Dibenzoyl‐ d ‐tartrat konnten auch die optischen Antipoden des α‐Amino‐buttersäurebenzylester‐hydro‐chlorides erhalten werden.
Watershed management planning for the Metropolitan North Georgia water planning district (2013)

The Metropolitan North Georgia Water Planning District (District) watershed management plan was developed in 2003 largely through a process that was defined by Senate Bill 130 that established the District. This process and the resulting recommendations provided a road map for local governments to address a number of stormwater and watershed management issues in one comprehensive program. The watershed management plan included recommendations for implementation of local government stormwater management activities that will address many of the primary issues associated with stormwater runoff including both hydrologic and water quality impacts. Additional recommendations were included for watersheds with impaired streams (those requiring Total Maximum Daily Loads {TMDLs}) and source water withdrawals to address the specific watershed improvement or protection needs in these sensitive areas. Recommendations to address existing impacted watersheds were also included in the plan.\nOne of the unique aspects of the District planning process was the integration of the watershed, wastewater, and water supply studies. Alternatives for meeting future water supply and wastewater needs were evaluated along with the watershed management alternatives to assure that the combination of activities would allow the region to maintain or improve water quality conditions. In addition, the overall process and resulting requirements for watershed management provided local governments with a mandate for implementation of a consistent program for nonpoint source controls that would have been difficult to facilitate without the regional planning process required by Senate Bill 130.\nThis paper provides a summary of the planning process used to development the watershed management plan, the key recommendations in the plan, and the implementation strategy.
Multimedia Analysis and Retrieval System (MARS) Project (1996)

To address the emerging needs of applications that require access to and retrieval of multimedia objects, wehave started a Multimedia Analysis and Retrieval Systems #MARS# project at the University of Illinois. The project brings together researchers interested in the #elds of computer vision, compression, information management and database systems with the singular goal of developing an e#ectivemultimedia database management system. As a #rst step towards the project, wehave designed and implemented an image retrieval system. This paper describes the novel approaches towards image segmentation, representation, browsing, and retrieval supported by the developed system. Also described are the directions of future research we are pursuing as part of the MARS project. Keywords: multimedia systems, content-based retrieval, image database, segmentation, information retrieval, wavelet based compression. # This work was supported in part by the NSF#DARPA#NASA Digital Library Initiative Pr...
ChemInform Abstract: DIE NUCLEOPHILE ADDITION AN SCHIFFSCHE BASEN 2. MITT. DIE ADDITION VON PHENOLEN AN N‐(2‐PYRIDYLMETHYLEN)‐ANILINE (1971)

Abstract Beim Erhitzen von 2‐Pyridylmethylenanilin (I) mit den Phenolen (II) bilden sich die Additionsprodukte (III) in Ausbeuten von 12 ‐ 84%.
Heralded transfer of a photonic polarization qubit onto an atomic quantum memory (2014)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text P. Eich, C. Kurz, M. Schug, J. Huwer, P. Müller, and J. Eschner, "Heralded transfer of a photonic polarization qubit onto an atomic quantum memory," in Research in Optical Sciences , OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Group, 2014), paper QTu2B.4. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Milking frequency alters the milk yield and mammary blood flow response to intra-mammary infusion of insulin-like growth factor-I in the goat (1992)

The milk yield and mammary blood flow responses to close-arterial, intra-mammary infusion of IGF-I were investigated in five Saanen goats milked frequently or normally the day before. Animals were infused for 6 h with recombinant human IGF-I (1.3 nmol/min) and milked hourly following i.v. injection of oxytocin beginning 2 h before infusion and then every 2 h. On one occasion animals were milked five times (after i.v. injection of oxytocin) on the day before infusion and on the other they were milked twice, without oxytocin. The ratio of milk yield from the infused to that from non-infused gland increased by 17 +/- 4% (mean +/- S.E.M.) in goats milked twice the day before infusion and by 6 +/- 2% when the infusion was preceded by frequent milking. Maximal responses were obtained 4 h after the start of the infusion and differed significantly (P < 0.05), according to pretreatment milking. Blood flow through the infused gland rose in parallel to the milk yield response. At 5 h, when maximal levels were achieved, blood flow was 182 +/- 23% of the pre-infusion flow rate following twice-daily milking and 139 +/- 3% of the pre-infusion flow rate following more frequent milk removal. Thus, more frequent milk removal on the day before close-arterial infusion of IGF-I attenuated both the milk yield and mammary blood-flow response to the infusion of IGF-I.
Tetrakis[(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl] Group 14 metal derivatives: an examination of the electronic interaction between two Group 14 metals connected by an acetylene wire (1993)

The tetrakis(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl derivatives of Si, Ge, Sn, and Pb were prepared and examined spectroscopically. NMR and Mössbauer spectroscopy and X-ray crystal structure data clearly demonstrate an electronic interaction in the ground state between the distal SiMe 3 groups and the central metal atom, leading to a strong shielding of the central metal atom; the respective nmr signals of the central metal are among the most shielded examples reported for a tetrahedral Group 14 metal centre with four carbon ligands. The nature of these electronic interactions is discussed.
Eukaryotic RNases and their partners in RNA degradation and biogenesis (2012)

Dicer complex W. Filipowicz Loquacious, the RNA-binding partner of Dicer P. Zamore C3PO (Component 3 promoter of RISC) H. Zhang Argonaute family proteins: Function Macrae DGCR8, Drosha and microprocessor complex F. Guo Control of DROSHA-mediated microRNA maturation by SMAD proteins Hata Modulation of microRNA processing by p53 K. Miyazono piRNA and Piwi family proteins H. Siomi
Using cross-media relations to identify important communication requests (2011)

Important calls that originate from persons or organizations connected to the callee with weak social ties are often mistakenly labeled as unwanted ("spam", "SPIT") since their contact address is not found in the callee's address book. We have focused on the fact that the weak social ties are usually established through other communication means such as a web transaction for online purchase, travel reservation, or social media. We hypothesize that prior contact is a helpful distinguishing feature between important (or non-spam) calls and unwanted ones, and have proposed two mechanisms using cross-media relations such as web-then-call and email-then-call. One proposed mechanism is to help the callee collect addresses of potential callers in order to determine whether or not to answer a call using a caller ID. Another is to help the callee identify important calls using a proof of prior contact. We introduce an implementation of our proposed mechanisms called CURE (Controlling Unwanted REquests) system as proof of concept. We also conducted an initial survey of email messages as call detail records substitutes in order to help prove our hypothesis. This survey shows that 52% of all incoming email messages are triggered by web-then-email relations, but carried unknown sender IDs. This result demonstrates that using cross-media relations can be potentially effective in identifying important calls and would be useful as an additional component of a spam filtering system.
B7h Triggering Inhibits the Migration of Tumor Cell Lines (2014)

Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) and several cancer cells express B7h, which is the ligand of the ICOS T cell costimulatory molecule. We have previously shown that B7h triggering via a soluble form of ICOS (ICOS-Fc) inhibits the adhesion of polymorphonuclear and tumor cell lines to HUVECs; thus, we suggested that ICOS-Fc may act as an anti-inflammatory and antitumor agent. Because cancer cell migration and angiogenesis are crucial for metastasis dissemination, the aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of ICOS-Fc on the migration of cancer cells and ECs. ICOS-Fc specifically inhibited the migration of HUVECs, human dermal lymphatic ECs, and the HT29, HCT116, PC-3, HepG2, JR8, and M14 tumor cell lines expressing high levels of B7h, whereas it was ineffective in the RPMI7932, PCF-2, LM, and BHT-101 cell lines expressing low levels of B7h. Furthermore, ICOS-Fc downmodulated hepatocyte growth factor facilitated the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in HepG2 cells. Moreover, ICOS-Fc downmodulated the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase and the expression of β-Pix in both HUVECs and tumor cell lines. Finally, treatment with ICOS-Fc inhibited the development of lung metastases upon injection of NOD-SCID-IL2Rγnull mice with CF-PAC1 cells, as well as C57BL/6 mice with B16-F10 cells. Therefore, the B7h-ICOS interaction may modulate the spread of cancer metastases, which suggests the novel use of ICOS-Fc as an immunomodulatory drug. However, in the B16-F10-metastasized lungs, ICOS-Fc also increased IL-17A/RORc and decreased IL-10/Foxp3 expression, which indicates that it also exerts positive effects on the antitumor immune response.
fRMSDAlign: Protein Sequence Alignment Using Predicted Local Structure Information (2007)

As the sequence identity between a pair of proteins decreases, alignment strategies that are based on sequence and/or sequence profiles become progressively less effective in identifying the correct structural correspondence between residue pairs. This significantly reduces the ability of comparative modeling-based approaches to build accurate structural models. Incorporating predicted information about the local structure of the protein into the alignment process holds the promise of significantly improving the alignment quality of distant proteins. This paper studies the impact on the alignment quality of a new class of predicted local structural features that measure how well fixed-length backbone fragments centered around each residue-pair align with each other. It presents a comprehensive experimental evaluation comparing these new features against existing state-of-the-art approaches utilizing profile-based and predicted secondary-structure information. It shows that for protein pairs with low sequence similarity (less than 12% sequence identity) the new structural features alone or in conjunction with profile-based information lead to alignments that are considerably better than those obtained by previous schemes.
Two-dimensional dopant profiling of ultrashallow junctions by electron holography (2002)

Electron holography using a transmission electron microscope equipped with a Moellenstedt biprism has emerged as a viable technique for creating two-dimensional voltage maps of semiconductor devices. We are presenting an introduction to this dopant profiling method. Practical details are given on sample preparation, instrumentational considerations, and data interpretation.
Molecular Based Imaging Determination of Breast Cancer Prognosis (2002)

Abstract : Human breast cancer prognosis has traditionally been determined by the stage and grade of the primary tumor with lymph node involvement as the major determining factor. For even those with the best prognosis (small, 1 cm diameter-size lesions and no node involvement), there is not a satisfactory method to predict who is in need of additional therapy besides surgery. Of 10 patients who present with this profile, 6-7 will be cured by surgery and 3-4 of them will have progressive disease. We have evaluated two sets of breast cancer cases using protein expression for prognosis. In a pilot study (n=40), we evaluated expression of c-Met and HER2 in primary breast cancers and their lymph node metastases. Neither c-Met nor HER2 expression in primary tumors correlated with established prognostic factors such as age, lymph node involvement, ER, PR, tumor size, or grading. However, c- Met overexpression alone identified high-risk patients independent of HER2. Five-year DFS associated with c-Met overexpressing tumors was 17% compared to 55% in remaining patients (p=0.037; RR 3.0). These results identify c-Met as a target for therapeutic approaches, particularly in HER2 negative patients. We have expanded this to study a series of nearly 200 cases and the analysis of them is still ongoing. The imaging is complete and the correlations will be completed in early 2003.
Simulated Responses of Red Spruce Forest Soils to Reduced Sulfur and Nitrogen Deposition (1996)

Abstract Implications of reducing S and N deposition on red spruce forests of the southern Appalachians are explored using the Nutrient Cycling Model (NuCM). We hypothesized that reducing deposition would cause (i) large reductions in soil solution NO − 3 , SO 2− 4 , Al and Ca/Al ratios, but (ii) small changes in exchangeable base cation reserves. Hypothesis (i) was supported in part: simulated reductions in atmospheric deposition had substantial and nearly immediate effects upon soil solution mineral acid anions, Ca 2+ , and Al 3+ concentrations. Ca/Al molar ratios were much less sensitive to changes in deposition and soil solution ionic strength than either Ca 2+ or Al 3+ separately. Hypothesis (ii) was not supported: although the increases in base saturation and exchangeable cation pools were small relative to cation exchange, they were large relative to initial exchangeable base cation pools. These changes in base cation pools and base saturation were of sufficient magnitude to affect simulated soil solution composition during a very short time.
ChemInform Abstract: Conformationally Constrained Analogues of Diacylglycerol (DAG). Part 17. Contrast Between sn‐1 and sn‐2 DAG Lactones in Binding to Protein Kinase C. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ULE - Zero expansion, low density, and dimensionally stable material for lightweight optical systems (1997)

The zero expansion titania-silica binary glass ULE™ offers an optimum combination of thermal, mechanical, and optical properties which make it an ideal material for precision optical structures and lightweight telescope mirrors. Its near-zero thermal expansion over the ambient operating temperature range helps preserve optical figure; the absence of hysteresis in its thermal expansion curve ensures dimensional stability of the mirror in extreme environments; its low density affords high specific stiffness thereby reducing elastic deformation of lightweight structures; its high fatigue resistance permits higher long-term stress without compromising mechanical reliability; and its excellent optical and birefringence properties facilitate inspection and quality assurance in terms of thermal expansion homogeneity, defect level, and residual strain. This paper reviews the key physical properties of ULE glass and the various fabrication techniques available for making lightweight mirrors. Special emphasis is given to ULE's mechanical behavior which controls the long-term reliability of mirror blanks during fabrication, shipping, installation, and operation. It describes the 8-meter class mirror blank manufacturing process and the stress/time histories to which such blanks are exposed. These parameters, together with strength and fatigue data, were used to optimize surface finish for adequate strength and to evaluate an 8-meter blank support system to ensure long-term reliability of the blank during transportation. The paper concludes with recent advances and development programs in support of the manufacture of precision optical mirror blanks.
Kinetically Trapped Co-continuous Polymer Morphologies through Intraphase Gelation of Nanoparticles (2011)

We describe an approach to prepare co-continuous microstructured blends of polymers and nanoparticles by formation of a percolating network of particles within one phase of a polymer mixture undergoing spinodal decomposition. Nanorods or nanospheres of CdSe were added to near-critical blends of polystyrene and poly(vinyl methyl ether) quenched to above their lower critical solution temperature. Beyond a critical loading of nanoparticles, phase separation is arrested due to the aggregation of particles into a network (or colloidal gel) within the poly(vinyl methyl ether) phase, yielding a co-continuous spinodal-like structure with a characteristic length scale of several micrometers. The critical concentration of nanorods to achieve kinetic arrest is found to be smaller than for nanospheres, which is in qualitative agreement with the expected dependence of the nanoparticle percolation threshold on aspect ratio. Compared to structural arrest by interfacial jamming, our approach avoids the necessity for neutral wetting of particles by the two phases, providing a general pathway to co-continuous micro- and nanoscopic structures.
Alkane activation by oxide-bound organorhodium complexes (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAlkane activation by oxide-bound organorhodium complexesJeffrey SchwartzCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1985, 18, 10, 302–308Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar00118a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ar00118a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views504Altmetric-Citations92LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Androgens in Fetal Pigs in Relation to Sex of Neighbour(s) (1990)

Concentrations of androgens in blood and/or fetal fluids were determined in pig fetuses 35, 56/58 and 115 days of age. For each fetus the sex of its neighbour(s) in utero was determined. Irrespective of the sex of neighbour(s), no significant differences in testosterone levels were found between the different groups of females, or between the different groups of males. When females and males were compared, significant differences were found. At a fetal age of 35 days testosterone concentrations (mean and SD) in amniotic fluid were 0.17 +/- 0.06 and 0.26 +/- 0.05 nmol/l in females and males, respectively (p less than 0.01). At a fetal age of 56/58 days, the corresponding values were 0.14 +/- 0.04 and 0.21 +/- 0.07 nmol/l (p less than 0.01). At this age testosterone concentrations in mixed umbilical blood plasma were 0.22 +/- 0.08 in females and 1.12 +/- 0.64 nmol/l in males (p less than 0.001). At term the mean concentrations of testosterone were 2.4 and 2.5 nmol/l in mixed umbilical blood plasma and 1.6 and 1.7 nmol/l in fetal fluid in females and males, respectively. The levels of dehydroepiandrosterone in fetal fluid at this stage were 1.6 nmol/l in females and 1.7 nmol/l in males. Concentrations of dihydrotestosterone were below the sensitivity level of the method (less than 0.09 nmol/l) in all samples tested. It is concluded that male neighbours do not influence the androgen levels in blood plasma and fetal fluids of the females.
Mobile robot self-localization in complex indoor environments using monocular vision and 3D model (2007)

In this paper, we consider the problem of mobile robot pose estimation using only visual information from a single camera and odometry readings. A focus is on building complex environmental models, fast online rendering and realtime complex and noisy image segmentation. The 3D model of the robot’s environment is built using a professional freeware computer graphics tool named Blender and pre-stored in the memory of the robot’s on-board computer. Estimation of the mobile robot pose as a stochastic variable is done by correspondences of image lines, extracted using Random Window Randomized Hough Transform line detection algorithm, and model lines, predicted using odometry readings and 3D environment model. The camera model and ray tracing algorithm are also described. Developed algorithms are experimentally tested using a Pioneer 2DX mobile robot.