gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficient data authentication (2007)

We address the problem of authenticating data in untrusted, or adversarial, computing environments: when the distributor of the data is not the source of the data, and thus is not trusted by the end-user, how can data received be proven authentic? Data authentication constitutes a fundamental problem in information security and an interesting new dimension in data management and data structure design. At the same time, the problem captures the security needs of many computing applications that exchange and use sensitive information in hostile distributed environments and its importance increases given the current trend in modern system design towards decentralized architectures with minimal trust assumptions. Solutions should not only be provably secure, but efficient and easily implementable. 
This dissertation presents an extensive study of data authentication. We examine the problem for both structured and unstructured data, provide formal definitions, and design new efficient techniques for authenticating general classes of query problems, such as graph and geometric search problems, and data streams. We also study the complexity of data authentication, deriving lower bounds for the important special case of authenticating set membership queries, and design new optimal constructions. Moreover, we provide a new general framework for authenticating any query over structured data, which decouples the answer-validation and answer-generation procedures. Finally, we design totally decentralized authentication structures that provide authentication for data distributed over any peer-to-peer overlay network.
A Cartesian non‐uniform grid interpolation method for fast field evaluation on elongated domains (2012)

SUMMARY An algorithm for performing a fast evaluation on time harmonic fields radiated by two‐dimensional source constellations with elongated geometry is introduced. The suggested scheme attains a linear computational complexity. At the core of the algorithm is the idea of phase and amplitude compensation facilitating the conversion of fields radiated by spatially confined sources into bandlimited functions of the suitable coordinates. Thus, the fields or potentials are represented by their samples on sparse left‐side and right‐side non‐uniform Cartesian grids. These grids are employed both for the representation of outgoing fields and as targets for accumulating the incoming fields. Integrating this approach with the divide‐and‐conquer strategy, the algorithm relies on a binary hierarchical decomposition of the computational domain. The total field is computed via a two‐way multilevel process, which passes through all of the left‐side and right‐side grids, while systematically aggregating all subdomains' contributions, ending with the field interpolation back to the desired observation points. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A novel role for protein arginine deiminase 4 in pluripotency: The emerging role of citrullinated histone H1 in cellular programming (2014)

Histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) alter the chromatin architecture, generating "open" and "closed" states, and these structural changes can modulate gene expression under specific cellular conditions. While methylation and acetylation are the best-characterized histone PTMs, citrullination by the protein arginine deiminases (PADs) represents another important player in this process. In addition to "fine tuning" chromatin structure at specific loci, histone citrullination can also promote rapid global chromatin decondensation during the formation of extracellular traps (ETs) in immune cells. Recent studies now show that PAD4-mediated citrullination of histone H1 at promoter elements can also promote localized chromatin decondensation in stem cells, thus regulating the pluripotent state. These observations suggest that PAD-mediated histone deimination profoundly affects chromatin structure, possibly above and beyond that of other PTMs. Additionally, these recent findings further enhance our understanding of PAD biology and the important contributions that these enzymes play in development, health, and disease.
Alternative Paths in Anionic Propagation of Ion Pairs. Effect of Solvent and Counterion (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAlternative Paths in Anionic Propagation of Ion Pairs. Effect of Solvent and CounterionD. N. Bhattacharyya, J. Smid, and M. SzwarcCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1965, 69, 2, 624–627Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100886a044https://doi.org/10.1021/j100886a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views216Altmetric-Citations79LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
The search for efficient intramolecular proton transfer from carbon: the kinetically silent intramolecular general base‐catalysed elimination reaction of <i>O</i>‐phenyl 8‐dimethylamino‐1‐naphthaldoximes (2004)

Abstract The ready elimination of phenol/phenoxide from the O ‐phenyl oxime 10E derived from 8‐dimethylamino‐1‐naphthaldehyde, necessarily involving proton transfer from carbon, is catalysed by the neighbouring NMe 2 group at pH > 9. However, reaction is faster, rather than slower, at lower pH. It is shown that the step involving proton transfer is not cleanly rate determining at any pH: the preferred route involves syn / anti isomerization to form the more reactive Z ‐isomer. The rate constant for the anti elimination cannot be extracted from the available data, so no reliable estimate of effective molarity (EM) is possible. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidation of Ylide Precursors to Vicinal Tricarbonyls. Applications in Vincamine Alkaloid Synthesis. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Advanced modification of drug nanocrystals by using novel fabrication and downstream approaches for tailor-made drug delivery (2019)

Drug nanosuspensions/nanocrystals have been recognized as one useful and successful approach for drug delivery. Drug nanocrystals could be further decorated to possess extended functions (such as controlled release) and designed for special in vivo applications (such as drug tracking), which make best use of the advantages of drug nanocrystals. A lot of novel and advanced size reduction methods have been invented recently for special drug deliveries. In addition, some novel downstream processes have been combined with nanosuspensions, which have highly broadened its application areas (such as targeting) besides traditional routes. A large number of recent research publication regarding as nanocrystals focuses on above mentioned aspects, which have widely attracted attention. This review will focus on the recent development of nanocrystals and give an overview of regarding modification of nanocrystal by some new approaches for tailor-made drug delivery.
Temperature, metabolic adaptation and crying in healthy full‐term newborns cared for skin‐to‐skin or in a cot (1992)

The aim of the present study was to compare temperatures, metabolic adaptation and crying behavior in 50 healthy, full-term, newborn infants who were randomized to be kept either skin-to-skin with the mother or next to the mother in a cot "separated". The babies were studied during the first 90 min after birth. Axillary and skin temperatures were significantly higher in the skin-to-skin group; at 90 min after birth blood glucose was also significantly higher and the return towards zero of the negative base-excess was more rapid as compared to the "separated" group. Babies kept in cots cried significantly more than those kept skin-to-skin with the mother. Keeping the baby skin-to-skin with the mother preserves energy and accelerates metabolic adaptation and may increase the well-being of the newborn.
Polymer Dynamics in Nanochannels of Porous Silicon: A Neutron Spin Echo Study (2010)

Neutron spin echo spectra of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) melts confined in porous silicon (the mean pore diameter: 13 nm) were recorded at Q = 0.05, 0.08, and 0.11 Å−1 and successfully analyzed in terms of a two-state model, where chains adsorbed to the pore walls exhibit much slower internal dynamics than in the bulk and their centers-of-mass do not move, while free chains have bulklike internal dynamics and diffuse within an infinite cylinder in the center of the pore. The radius of this cylinder was found to be 1.4 nm for PEO 3 kg/mol (3k); this corresponds to the thickness of the adsorbed layer to be approximately equal to the Flory radius. As opposed to PEO 10k, for which details on the center of mass diffusion could not be discerned, for PEO 3k the diffusion rate along the pore was found to be smaller than that in the radial direction.
Integrated Sensing Framework for 3D Mapping in Outdoor Navigation (2006)

Although full 3D navigation and mapping is recognized as one of the most important challenges for autonomous navigation, the lack of robust sensors, providing 3D information in real time, has burdened the progress in this direction. This paper presents our ongoing work towards the deployment of an integrated sensing system for 3D mapping in outdoor environments. We first describe a 3D data acquisition architecture based on a standard 2D laser. Techniques for registering scans using a scan matching procedure and for estimating the errors are then introduced. We finally present results showing the performance of the proposed architecture in real outdoor environments by means of the integration of the 3D scans with dead reckoning and inertial measurement unit (IMU) information
Poly(caprolactone-<i>co</i>-trimethylenecarbonate) urethane acrylate resins for digital light processing of bioresorbable tissue engineering implants (2019)

To exploit the usability of Digital Light Processing (DLP) in regenerative medicine, biodegradable, mechanically customizable and well-defined polyester urethane acrylate resins were synthesized based on poly(caprolactone-co-trimethlenecarbonate). By controlling the monomer ratio, the resultant fabricated constructs showed tunable mechanical properties, degradation and attached hMSC morphologies.
Conceptual design of a 5x CPC for solar total energy systems (1977)

The results of a conceptual design of a nontracking collector for a solar total energy system are described. Sandia Laboratories has responsibility for the evaluation of concentrating collectors in a total energy test bed. A Rankine cycle turbine, generator, controls, thermal storage, and air conditioning equipment have been installed and checked out. The thermal energy for the facility is to be provided by a large (approximately 800 m/sup 2/) concentrating collector field. At present a portion of the area is installed as E-W oriented linear parabolic troughs. Three additional concepts for the remaining area have been selected--a fixed mirror-moving receiver system, fixed receiver-moving reflector slats, and a two-axis tracking parabolic dish. All four systems use diurnal tracking and have the reflecting surfaces exposed to the elements. Argonne National Laboratory has been working on the development of non-tracking concentrators for high temperature operation. The recent experimental results indicate that a 5x CPC collector with only 12 adjustments per year could effectively compete with the systems presently being considered. These collectors would be enclosed under a protective cover glass, eliminating many of the problems with dirt, etc. A conceptual design of a CPC collector system is presented.
High‐resolution tactile sensor using the deformation of a reflection image (2007)

Purpose The aim of this paper is to create a sensor that can measure the contact status with high‐resolution than ever. Design/methodology/approach This paper proposes a new type of optical tactile sensor that can detect surface deformation with high precision by using the principle of optical lever. A tactile sensor is constructed that utilizes the resolution of a camera to the maximum by using transparent silicone rubber as a deformable mirror surface and taking advantage of the reflection image. Findings It has been found that the sensor can sense the deformation by the object with 1 percent error rate in simulation. In implementation of this time, the error rate results 10 percent. Research limitations/implications This sensor can be used with broad applications by combining with other devices. As one of future work, the zero method will be used by using active patterns and get more accurate information. Practical implications Using the transparent silicone rubbers the sensor enables very simple and low cost and high‐resolution detection method. In addition, the simplicity of our sensor results various applications. For example, the transparency makes the sensor a light pathway, so the sensor can be a contactless sensor or an interactive device. Originality/value The concept of a tactile sensing method is introduced which can utilize the resolution of a camera to the maximum possible extent and can detect surface deformation by using the principle of optical lever.
Impact of different definitions on the interpretation of coronary remodeling determined by intravascular ultrasound (2005)

The objective of this study was to compare the categorizations and determinants related to remodeling by the three definitions commonly used. Several morphological and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) studies have demonstrated the fundamental importance of arterial remodeling in atherosclerosis. However, lack of consensus on how to define remodeling has led to conflicting analyses of factors that influence this process. Analysis of pre-interventional IVUS images of 514 lesions in native coronary arteries was performed. Arterial remodeling was defined as outward by definition 1, when [cross-sectional area (CSA) of the external elastic membrane (EEM) at the lesion site (EEM(lesion))]/[EEM CSA either at the proximal (EEM(prox ref)) or distal (EEM(distal ref)) reference site with the least amount of plaque] was > 1.05, intermediate when this ratio was between 0.95 and 1.05, and inward when < 0.95. Remodeling was defined as outward by definition 2 when EEM(lesion) > both EEM(prox ref) and EEM(distal ref), inward when EEM(lesion) < both EEM(prox ref) and EEM(distal ref), and intermediate when EEM(lesion) was intermediate between EEM(prox ref) and EEM(distal ref). By definition 3, vessel remodeling was defined as outward when EEM(lesion) > (EEM(prox ref) + EEM(distal ref))/2 and intermediate/inward when EEM(lesion) < or = (EEM(prox ref) + EEM(distal ref))/2. The frequency of outward remodeling was significantly higher by definitions 1 and 3 than by definition 2, whereas a higher frequency of inward remodeling was observed in definition 1, resulting in significantly different remodeling distributions between the three definitions (P < 0.0001). By multivariate logistic analysis, the only clinical determinants related to outward remodeling was younger age, and only by definition 3. IVUS determinants varied significantly between the three definitions. The only consistent determinants among the three definitions were smaller lumen CSA at the reference site and larger plaque + media CSA at the lesion site. This study demonstrates the significant impact of different remodeling definitions on the incidence and determinants of remodeling patterns. The marked variability in categorization of remodeling underscores the importance of developing a standard methodology.
Portable temperate ice depth sounder radar (TIDSoR) (2008)

Glaciers in several parts of the world are reported to be retreating and thinning rapidly over the last decade. Radar instruments can be used to provide information on the internal and basal conditions of large and small ice masses. Radars operating in the lower part of the HF spectrum are required for sounding temperate glaciers. Also, low-frequency sounders are useful for measuring thickness of fast-flowing glaciers in Greenland and Antarctica. This is due to the composition, attenuation, and back-scattering from large pockets of water present in temperate ice. We are developing a dual-frequency temperate-ice-depth sounder radar (TIDSoR) for determining ice thickness and basal conditions. The most significant features of this novel sensor are its portability as well as its low-power consumption. The system operates at 7.7 MHz and 14.0 MHz with 1 MHz bandwidth and 20 W of output peak power. The radar will be installed in a small aircraft such a DCH-6 (Twin Otter) or carried in a backpack for surface-based measurements. In the first case, the radar will be supported by the airplane power supply and in its backpack configuration by a compact 12 VDC power supply. TIDSoR is expected to be deployed during the summer 2008 for surface-based observations. In this paper, we discuss our design considerations and current progress towards the development of this radar.
Acute behavioral effects of lorazepam and caffeine, alone and in combination, in humans (1994)

The widespread use of benzodiazepines and caffeine makes their combined use inevitable. The purpose of the present experiment was to assess the acute effects of lorazepam (0,2.8 and 5.6mg/70kg) and caffeine (0, 250 and 500mg/70kg), alone and in combination, on human learning, performance and self-reports. Subjects were nine healthy, male volunteers. Subjects received all possible combinations according to a Latin Square design. Lorazepam administered alone dose-dependently disrupted learning and performance on the Repeated Acquisition and Performance procedure and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), and increased subject ratings of sedation. Caffeine administered alone did not affect learning, performance or subject ratings to a statistically significant degree. Caffeine attenuated lorazepam-induced decrements in learning and performance on the Repeated Acquisition and Performance procedure and DSST. Consistent with the learning and performance measures, caffeine offset lorazepam-induced increases in subject ratings of sedation. These results demonstrate that caffeine generally attenuates the behavioral and self-reported effects of lorazepam on a variety of performance measures. An important extension of these findings would be to test the combined effects of lorazepam and caffeine in other behavioral paradigms such as drug self-administration.
Chemotherapeutic Dyes. II. 5-Arylamino-9-dialkylaminobenzo [a]phenoxazines<sup>1</sup> (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemotherapeutic Dyes. II. 5-Arylamino-9-dialkylaminobenzo [a]phenoxazines1Moses L. Crossley, Richard J. Turner, Corris M. Hofmann, Paul F. Dreisbach, and Robert P. ParkerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 3, 578–584Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01123a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01123a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views421Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Structure and optical anisotropies of critical polymer solutions in electric fields (1994)

We present simultaneous measurements of both the small angle light scattering (SALS) structure factor and the dichroism for near-critical polymer solutions in electric fields. The theory of flow birefringence and dichroism proposed by Onuki and Doi is extended to the electric field case. This theory relates the electric-field-induced form dichroism to the second moment of the structure factor. Excellent agreement is observed between the form dichroism calculated from measured scattering intensities and the dichroism measured by optical polarimetry. In addition, a possible mechanism of dipolar coupling between the large critical concentration fluctuations and the electric field is proposed. Similar simultaneous SALS and birefringence measurements confirm this model of dipolar interaction.
Transfer RNA methylases and transfer RNA-methylated bases of polyoma virus-transformed and spontaneously transformed mouse culture cells. (1973)

The transfer RNA methylase enzyme activities and the methylated nucleic acid bases of pulse-labeled, cellular transfer RNA's were compared in a C3Hf mouse tissue-culture system, which included nontumorigenic control cells and both spontaneously and polyoma virus-transformed cells. Even when the growth rates of the three cell types were equalized, the transfer RNA methylase activities of the transformed cells were at least twofold greater than the activity of the control cells. A two- to fourfold relative increase in 3-methylcytosine was found in the transformed cells.