gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The <i>tonB</i> gene of <i>Serratia marcescens</i>: sequence, activity and partial complementation of <i>Escherichia coli tonB</i> mutants (1991)

The TonB protein plays a key role in the energy-coupled transport of iron siderophores, of vitamin B12, and of colicins of the B-group across the outer membrane of Escherichia coli. In order to obtain more data about which of its particular amino acid sequences are necessary for TonB function, we have cloned and sequenced the tonB gene of Serratia marcescens. The nucleotide sequence predicts an amino acid sequence of 247 residues (Mr 27,389), which is unusually proline-rich and contains the tandem sequences (Glu-Pro)5 and (Lys-Pro)5. In contrast to the TonB proteins of E. coli and Salmonella typhimurium, translation of the S. marcescens TonB protein starts at the first methionine residue of the open reading frame, which is the only amino acid removed during TonB maturation and export. Only the N-terminal sequence is hydrophobic, suggesting its involvement in anchoring the TonB protein to the cytoplasmic membrane. The S. marcescens tonB gene complemented an E. coli tonB mutant with regard to uptake of iron siderophores, and sensitivity to phages T1 and phi 80, and to colicins B and M. However, an E. coli tonB mutant transformed with the S. marcescens tonB gene remained resistant to colicins Ia and Ib, to colicin B derivatives carrying the amino acid replacements Val/Ala and Val/Gly at position 20 in the TonB box, and they exhibited a tenfold lower activity with colicin D. In addition, the S. marcescens TonB protein did not restore T1 sensitivity of an E. coli exbB tolQ double mutant, as has been found for the overexpressed E. coli TonB protein, indicating a lower activity of the S. marcescens TonB protein. Although the S. marcescens TonB protein was less prone to proteolytic degradation, it was stabilized in E. coli by the ExbBD proteins. In E. coli, TonB activity of S. marcescens depended either on the ExbBD or the TolQR activities.
Hypertonicity-induced phosphorylation and nuclear localization of the transcription factor TonEBP (2001)

The accumulation of compatible osmolytes during osmotic stress is observed in virtually all organisms. In mammals, the hypertonicity-induced expression of osmolyte transporters and synthetic enzymes is conferred by the presence of upstream tonicity-responsive enhancer (TonE) sequences. Recently, we described the cloning and initial characterization of TonE-binding protein (TonEBP), a transcription factor that translocates to the nucleus and associates with TonE sequences in a tonicity-dependent manner. We now report that hypertonicity induces an increase in TonEBP phosphorylation that temporally correlates with increased nuclear localization of the molecule. TonEBP phosphorylation is not affected by a number of kinase inhibitors, including the p38 inhibitor SB-203580. In addition, in vitro binding assays show that the association of TonEBP with TonE sequences is not affected by phosphorylation. Thus TonEBP phosphorylation is an early step in the response of cells to hypertonicity and may be required for nuclear import or retention.
FEWNOMIALS AND INTERSECTIONS OF LINES WITHREAL ANALYTIC SUBGROUPS IN <b>G</b><sup><i>n</i></sup><sub><i>m</i></sub> (2002)

In this paper, the authors study intersections of a special class of curves with algebraic subgroups of the multiplicative group of complex dimension at least 2. They show how results of Khovanskii on fewnomials can be used to derive finiteness results and bounds for the degrees of algebraic points for such intersections from more general results on intersections of curves with non-algebraic subgroups. They thereby generalise their earlier results, and recover in some cases, using different methods, more uniform bounds than those given in related work of Bombieri, Masser and Zannier.
Zentralafrika (1996)

Der 1990 in die Wege geleitete Demokratisierungsprozeß geriet in allen Staaten der Region mehr oder weniger in eine Sackgasse. Dort, wo ein Machtwechsel stattgefunden hatte (Kongo, São Tomé und Príncipe, ZAR), war die innenpolitische Lage wenig stabil, mit einem schwelenden Bürgerkrieg zwischen den Milizen der drei wichtigsten Parteien in Kongo und einem episodenhaften Militärputsch in São Tomé (15.8.). In den übrigen Staaten hatte sich die alte Führung durch erhebliche Wahlmanipulationen oder durch taktische Manöver, mit denen Wahltermin immer wieder aufgeschoben wurden (Tschad, Zaire), an der Macht gehalten. Bei den mehrfach verschobenen Kommunalwahlen in Äquatorial-Guinea (17.9.) siegte die Regierungspartei unter dem Vorwurf massiver Wahlfälschung in 18 von 27 Gemeinden. In Kamerun wurden die bereits 1992 fälligen Kommunalwahlen weiter verschleppt, in Gabun, wo sie entsprechend den zwischen Regierung und Opposition geschlossenen Pariser Abkommen (7.10.94) 1995 hätten stattfinden sollen, wurden sie hinausgezögert.
Improved pastures: Both sheep production and forage yield increased by range improvement (1957)

Increases in the growth of forage and in pounds of lamb produced per acre were achieved by the use of fertilizers and introduced range plants in a study made at the Hopland Field Station during the winter and spring of 1956. In the low feed production period—January and February—the improved pastures yielded about three and one half times as much forage as untreated native range. Ewes with lambs were maintained in better condition and lambs gained slightly faster during the early winter months on the improved range compared to native pastures. However, by the end of May, the average lamb weight was the same in both groups. Also, the pasture treatment resulted in an increase of 141 sheep days per acre for the five-month period ending May 28.
Enhanced Mineralization of [U- <sup>14</sup> C]2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid in Soil from the Rhizosphere of <i>Trifolium pratense</i> (2004)

Enhanced biodegradation in the rhizosphere has been reported for many organic xenobiotic compounds, although the mechanisms are not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to discover whether rhizosphere-enhanced biodegradation is due to selective enrichment of degraders through growth on compounds produced by rhizodeposition. We monitored the mineralization of [U-(14)C]2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in rhizosphere soil with no history of herbicide application collected over a period of 0 to 116 days after sowing of Lolium perenne and Trifolium pratense. The relationships between the mineralization kinetics, the number of 2,4-D degraders, and the diversity of genes encoding 2,4-D/alpha-ketoglutarate dioxygenase (tfdA) were investigated. The rhizosphere effect on [(14)C]2,4-D mineralization (50 microg g(-1)) was shown to be plant species and plant age specific. In comparison with nonplanted soil, there were significant (P < 0.05) reductions in the lag phase and enhancements of the maximum mineralization rate for 25- and 60-day T. pratense soil but not for 116-day T. pratense rhizosphere soil or for L. perenne rhizosphere soil of any age. Numbers of 2,4-D degraders in planted and nonplanted soil were low (most probable number, <100 g(-1)) and were not related to plant species or age. Single-strand conformational polymorphism analysis showed that plant species had no impact on the diversity of alpha-Proteobacteria tfdA-like genes, although an impact of 2,4-D application was recorded. Our results indicate that enhanced mineralization in T. pratense rhizosphere soil is not due to enrichment of 2,4-D-degrading microorganisms by rhizodeposits. We suggest an alternative mechanism in which one or more components of the rhizodeposits induce the 2,4-D pathway.
Puncture Locating for Laparoscopic Robot in Minimally Invasive Surgery (2008)

This paper presents an assistant laparoscopic robot with active and passive joints for helping surgeon in minimally invasive surgery. With the character of passive joints, a method to locate the relative position of patient's puncture to the coordinate system of the robot was provided. Through geometric relationship, the coordinates of patient's puncture were measured, and laparoscope posture is offered for the control of the robot. In order to demonstrate the validity of the method, experiment on location system has been performed, the results and error analysis verified that patient's puncture can be located precisely by using the method, and the laparoscope surgical robot worked well.
A Monolithically Integrated 128 Led-Driver and Its Application (1986)

Electrophotographic printing is one of the most attractive non-impact printing methods because it can be fast, compact, and of high quality. All electrophotographic technics need a light source of some kind, for instance a laser source or an LED array. The loser illuminates one point at a time and, therefore, requires a scanner to print a line serially. In contrast a linear LED array prints a whole line at a time. Due to the combination of active emission and parallel printing capability an LED-bosed printing unit can be made very compact and power efficient.
Recommendation for online social feeds by exploiting user response behavior (2013)

In recent years, online social networks have been dramatically expanded. Active users spend hours communicating with each other via these networks such that an enormous amount of data is created every second. The tremendous amount of newly created information costs users much time to discover interesting messages from their online social feeds. The problem is even exacerbated if users access these networks via mobile devices. To assist users in discovering interesting messages efficiently, in this paper, we propose a new approach to recommend interesting messages for each user by exploiting the user's response behavior. We extract data from the most popular social network, and the experimental results show that the proposed approach is effective and efficient.
Myositis ossificans circumscripta in the psoas muscle with femoral neuropathy (2013)

Myositis ossificans circumscripta is a benign, self-limiting, ossifying soft-tissue mass that typically occurs in skeletal muscle of the extremities after trauma. Occurrence in the psoas muscle is rare with no reports of this condition presenting as femoral neuropathy. A 54-year-old woman visited our hospital because of progressive left leg pain and weakness, which she had experienced for 2 years. Physical examination indicated left femoral neuropathy, and a 6 cm × 5 cm mass was palpable in the left groin. Plain radiographs showed an irregular calcification over the left hip. Computed tomography of the pelvis showed a fusiform mass within the left psoas muscle. A modified ilioinguinal approach was used to excise the mass, and histologic examination confirmed the diagnosis. After surgery, the patient's symptoms resolved and there was no recurrence at 4 years' follow-up. Excision may be considered when a patient has a large, painful mass with neuropathy and significant functional impairment after conservative treatment.
Oxidative Coupling of 6,6-Dimethylfulvenyl Anion (1992)

Oxidative treatment of anion 1 (obtained by deprotonation of 6,6-dimethylpentafulvene) with CuCl2 gives a very complex mixture of coupling products 3 (18%), 4 (16%), 5 (36%), 6 (5%), and 7 (6%) (Scheme 2). This result shows that the reactive intermediate obtained by oxidation of 1 (which is believed to be fulvenyl radical 2) has several reactive sites. According to the experiments, reactivity is decreasing in the series C(7) > C(2)/C(3) > C(5) > C(1)/C(4) (Table 1), while simple frontier orbital considerations of radical 2 would suggest the sequence C(7) > C(5) > C(2)/C(3) > C(1)/C(4). The experimental result is in agreement with a considerable steric shielding of C(5) of 2.
Obesity and cancer (2008)

The prevalence of obesity, defined as a BMI of > or =30.0 kg/m2, has increased substantially over previous decades to about 20% in industrialized countries, and a further increase is expected in the future. Epidemiological studies have shown that obesity is a risk factor for: post-menopausal breast cancer; cancers of the endometrium, colon and kidney; malignant adenomas of the oesophagus. Obese subjects have an approximately 1.5-3.5-fold increased risk of developing these cancers compared with normal-weight subjects, and it has been estimated that between 15 and 45% of these cancers can be attributed to overweight (BMI 25.0-29.9 kg/m2) and obesity in Europe. More recent studies suggest that obesity may also increase the risk of other types of cancer, including pancreatic, hepatic and gallbladder cancer. The underlying mechanisms for the increased cancer risk as a result of obesity are unclear and may vary by cancer site and also depend on the distribution of body fat. Thus, abdominal obesity as defined by waist circumference or waist:hip ratio has been shown to be more strongly related to certain cancer types than obesity as defined by BMI. Possible mechanisms that relate obesity to cancer risk include insulin resistance and resultant chronic hyperinsulinaemia, increased production of insulin-like growth factors or increased bioavailability of steroid hormones. Recent research also suggests that adipose tissue-derived hormones and cytokines (adipokines), such as leptin, adiponectin and inflammatory markers, may reflect mechanisms linked to tumourigenesis.
Multi-rate Sensor Fusion for GPS Navigation Using Kalman Filtering (1999)

With the advent of the Global Position System (GPS), we now have the ability to determine absolute position anywhere on the globe. Although GPS systems work well in open environments with no overhead obstructions, they are subject to large unavoidable errors when the reception from some of the satellites is blocked. This occurs frequently in urban environments, such as downtown New York City. GPS systems require at least four satellites visible to maintain a good position 'fix' . Tall buildings and tunnels often block several, if not all, of the satellites. Additionally, due to Selective Availability (SA), where small amounts of error are intentionally introduced, GPS errors can typically range up to 100 ft or more. This thesis proposes several methods for improving the position estimation capabilities of a system by incorporating other sensor and data technologies, including Kalman filtered inertial navigation systems, rule-based and fuzzy-based sensor fusion techniques, and a unique map-matching algorithm.
[Prostatic carcinoma: current status of diagnostic imaging]. (2002)

Prostate carcinoma showed a strong increase in industrial countries and today it is the second common cause of cancer related death. Prostate specific antigen allows early detection of prostate cancer, US-guided biopsy is employed for proof of diagnosis. The role of imaging has been discussed very contrarily. However, different options for treatment of prostate cancer and last but not least technological advances of different imaging modalities seem to reassess the role of imaging in prostate cancer.
Self-Templated Formation of Interlaced Carbon Nanotubes Threaded Hollow Co<sub>3</sub>S<sub>4</sub> Nanoboxes for High-Rate and Heat-Resistant Lithium–Sulfur Batteries (2017)

Lithium-sulfur batteries (Li-S) have attracted soaring attention due to the particularly high energy density for advanced energy storage system. However, the practical application of Li-S batteries still faces multiple challenges, including the shuttle effect of intermediate polysulfides, the low conductivity of sulfur and the large volume variation of sulfur cathode. To overcome these issues, here we reported a self-templated approach to prepare interconnected carbon nanotubes inserted/wired hollow Co<sub>3</sub>S<sub>4</sub> nanoboxes (CNTs/Co<sub>3</sub>S<sub>4</sub>-NBs) as an efficient sulfur host material. Originating from the combination of three-dimensional CNT conductive network and polar Co<sub>3</sub>S<sub>4</sub>-NBs, the obtained hybrid nanocomposite of CNTs/Co<sub>3</sub>S<sub>4</sub>-NBs can offer ultrahigh charge transfer properties, and efficiently restrain polysulfides in hollow Co<sub>3</sub>S<sub>4</sub>-NBs via the synergistic effect of structural confinement and chemical bonding. Benefiting from the above advantages, the S@CNTs/Co<sub>3</sub>S<sub>4</sub>-NBs cathode shows a significantly improved electrochemical performance in terms of high reversible capacity, good rate performance, and long-term cyclability. More remarkably, even at an elevated temperature (50 °C), it still exhibits high capacity retention and good rate capacity.
Retinal imaging after corneal inlay implantation (2011)

We report 2 cases of implantation with the Kamra corneal inlay to describe central and peripheral retinal visibility and the quality of optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans. Under pharmacological mydriasis, the central and peripheral retina was explored without disturbance by an experienced retinal ophthalmologist. Central color imaging was done without difficulty, and peripheral imaging was accurate despite a small bright shadow in every image. The quality of the OCT scans of the macular line, macular 3-dimensional cube, and macular radial protocols were 156.51, 77.49, and 84.35, respectively, in patient 1 and 106.66, 63.03, and 64.69, respectively, in patient 2 without artifact scanning. The inlay allowed normal visualization of the central and peripheral fundus, as well as good-quality central and peripheral imaging and OCT scans.
A simple fracture mechanics approach for assessing ductile crack growth in soil (2001)

The weak understanding of crack growth mechanisms in ductile soil is addressed by testing a new fracture mechanics approach. Samples are fractured using a deep‐notch (3‐point) bend test, with data on sample bending, crack growth, and crack mouth opening collected to assess the crack opening angle (COA), the crack tip opening angle (CTOA), and plastic energy dissipation rate (D pl ). The test variables are clay and salinity content, with samples formed from mixtures of kaolinite and fine sand. The CTOA and D pl detect differences in fracture mechanics due to clay, but not salinity. The energy needed to drive crack extension, D pl , is one order of magnitude higher for samples containing a ratio of sand to kaolinite of 75:25, as compared with 50:50. However, the CTOA due to plasticity was 0.19 and 0.24 for the same samples respectively, indicating that more strain is needed for crack growth in the specimens with more clay.
Healthy women and patients with endometriosis show high concentrations of inhibin A, inhibin B, and activin A in peritoneal fluid throughout the menstrual cycle (1998)

Inhibin A, inhibin B, and activin A are growth factors which play local autocrine/paracrine roles in reproductive tissues. Since peritoneal fluid hormone content may reflect in part ovarian and endometrial secretory activities, the present study aimed to evaluate: (i) whether inhibin alpha-, activin betaA- and betaB-subunits, and activin receptor type II and type IIB mRNA are expressed in peritoneal tissues; (ii) expression and secretion of inhibin A and B, and activin A in cultured endometriotic cells; and (iii) concentrations of inhibin A and B, and activin A in serum and in peritoneal fluid in healthy women and in patients with endometriosis throughout the menstrual cycle. A group of women (n = 72) was recruited at laparoscopy for infertility investigation and divided into two groups: (i) control healthy women (n = 35), (ii) women with endometriosis (n = 37). Both groups were subdivided according to the follicular and luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. At the time of laparoscopy, specimens of peritoneal tissues were collected from three healthy women, while endometriotic tissue samples were collected and cultured from three women with endometriosis. Peritoneal tissues and cultured endometriotic cells expressed inhibin alpha-, activin betaA-, and betaB-subunits, and activin receptors mRNAs; in addition, inhibin-related proteins were measurable in culture medium. In healthy women, inhibin A and B, and activin A concentrations in peritoneal fluid were significantly higher than in serum (P < 0.001), at both phases of the menstrual cycle. Peritoneal inhibin A and B, and activin A concentrations were not significantly different between healthy women and patients with endometriosis, either when evaluated according to the degree of the disease and/or to the phase of the menstrual cycle. In conclusion, the findings that high concentrations are present in peritoneal fluid and that menstrual cycle-related changes occur suggest that reproductive organs may contribute to inhibin-related proteins in peritoneal fluid.
Amberlyst A-27, an Efficient Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Michael Reaction of Nitroalkanes with β-Substituted Alkene Acceptors (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTAmberlyst A-27, an Efficient Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Michael Reaction of Nitroalkanes with β-Substituted Alkene AcceptorsRoberto Ballini, Paola Marziali, and Andrea MozzicafreddoView Author Information Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche dell'Università, Via S. Agostino no. 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61, 9, 3209–3211Publication Date (Web):May 3, 1996Publication History Received21 November 1995Published online3 May 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo9520553https://doi.org/10.1021/jo9520553brief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views813Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Addition reactions,Catalysts,Heterogeneous catalysts,Hydrocarbons,Reaction products Get e-Alerts
HIV Antigens and T‐Cell Receptor Variable Beta Chain Families (1997)

The authors investigated whether the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has restrictive effects on the variable region of the beta chain (V beta) of the T-cell antigen receptor (TCR), by in vitro cultivation of non-HIV-infected peripheral blood lymphocytes with one of six HIV antigens or heat-inactivated whole virus (HIV-HI). Resting and blastic CD4+ and CD8- cells were assessed with 3-colour cytofluorometry and monoclonal antibodies to various V beta families/subfamilies. The V beta families affected include V beta's 13.1/.3, 8, and 21 with gp 120; V beta 21 with gp 160 and RT; V beta 8 with p25; V beta's 8 and 21 with Rev; and V beta's 3 and 21 with HIV-2 Vpx. V beta family-specific effects with HIV-HI did not differ significantly from those found with IL-2 stimulation. Findings differed between CD4+ and CD8+ cells. For CD4+ lymphocytes, significant V beta-specific decreases were found, not the expansions found with superantigens or mitogens. CD8+ lymphocytes showed slight but significant expansions. The effects on V beta's 8, 13, and 21 are consistent with previous studies of HIV-infected persons. However, it is difficult to accept that antigens encoded by different HIV genetic regions cause proportionate diminutions of similar V beta families. The authors suggest that these effects may be secondary to changes in cytokine profiles rather than direct interactions with TCR V beta's.