gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Profiling Developer Expertise across Software Communities with Heterogeneous Information Network Analysis (2018)

Knowing developer expertise is critical for achieving effective task allocation. However, it is of great challenge to accurately profile the expertise of developers over the Internet as their activities often disperse across different online communities. In this regard, the existing works either merely concern a single community, or simply sum up the expertise in individual communities. The former suffers from low accuracy due to incomplete data, while the latter impractically assumes that developer expertise is completely independent and irrelavant across communities. To overcome those limitations, we propose a new approach to profile developer expertise across software communities through heterogeneous information network (HIN) analysis. A HIN is first built by analyzing the developer activities in various communities, where nodes represent objects like developers and skills, and edges represent the relations among objects. Second, as random walk with restart (RWR) is known for its ability to capture the global structure of the whole network, we adopt RWR over the HIN to estimate the proximity of developer nodes and skill nodes, which essentially reflects developer expertise. Based on the data of 72,645 common users of GitHub and Stack Overflow, we conducted an empirical study and evaluated developer expertise using proposed approach. To evaluate the effect of our approach, we use the obtained expertise to estimate the competency of developers in answering the questions posted in Stack Overflow. The experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our approach over existing methods.
노인 우울 및 자살생각과 심리적 안녕감에 대한 노인생명존중프로그램의 효과 (2012)

본 연구는 노인자살예방을 목적으로 노인생명존중프로그램이 우울, 자살생각, 가족관계, 심리적안녕감에 어떠한 효과를 있는지를 살펴보기 위한 것이다. 연구대상은 우울 노인이거나 자살위험군으로 분류된 노인으로 하였다. 본 연구는 2009년 5월 26일부터 10월 9일까지 3개 시·군의 노인복지관을 이용하거나 재가노인으로 프로그램에 참여한 노인 24명과 일상적인 생활을 하는 노인 24명에게 수집한 자료를 활용하였다. 연구결과, 노인생명존중프로그램을 적용한 실험군에게 긍정적인 효과를 가져왔다. 실험군의 노인우울은 사전 10.33에서 사후 8.32로 감소하였고(F=11.095, p=0.002). 자살생각은 사전7.75에서 사후 4.54로 감소하였고(F=5.555, p=0.023) 가족관계는 27.88에서 30.92로 증가하여 효과적인 것으로 나타났고(F=4.841, p=0.033), 심리적 안녕감은 48.83에서 49.42로 증가하였으나 통계적으로 유의하지 않았고(F=0.159, p=0.692) 심리적 안녕감의 하위 영역 중 환경지배력(F=6.523, p=0.014)에는 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 노인생명존중프로그램이 노인우울과 자살생각을 감소시키고, 가족관계를 향상시키며 우울 노인의 자살예방에 효과적인 프로그램임을 확인할 수 있었다.
on the rotation of dust devils1 (1965)

A number of authors have, in the past, been of the opinion that dust devil direction of rotation is controlled by the earth's rotation. While this contention can be easily attacked through theoretical arguments, actual observations become the deciding factor. The observations presented, believed to be the largest collection on record, show quite conclusively that dust devils in general have no preferred direction of rotation.
Schwann cell extracellular matrix molecules and their receptors. (2000)

The major cellular constituents of the mammalian peripheral nervous system are neurons (axons) and Schwann cells. During peripheral nerve development Schwann cells actively deposit extracellular matrix (ECM), comprised of basal lamina sheets that surround individual axon-Schwann cell units and collagen fibrils. These ECM structures are formed from a diverse set of macromolecules, consisting of glyco-proteins, collagens and proteoglycans. To interact with ECM, Schwann cells express a number of integrin and non-integrin cell surface receptors. The expression of many Schwann cell ECM proteins and their receptors is developmentally regulated and, in some cases, dependent on axonal contact. Schwann cell ECM acts as an organizer of peripheral nerve tissue and strongly influences Schwann cell adhesion, growth and differentiation and regulates axonal growth during development and regeneration.
Effects of Brightness Difference on Specific Map-Analysis Tasks: An Empirical Analysis (1994)

The importance of brightness difference and its relationship to figural development in cartographic design should be obvious. There is, however, little empirical evidence of the ways in which brightness differences are incorporated in map design and how they influence map readability. This study examined the eye fixations of 16 subjects on three different map-analysis tasks involving a total of 96 different maps, in which graphic structure varied from nonexistent to strong, based on four different levels of brightness or value difference between figure and ground. Results from the first task indicated that brightness difference or contrast had no significant effect on either the number of fixations, their durations, or the abilities of subjects to complete the counting problem successfully. Data from the second and third tasks, on the other hand, revealed that contrast did play the definitive role in task performance. Maps without any contrast between figure and ground generated significantly more and longer fixations and a higher error rate, a reflection of the difficulty subjects experienced in visually processing maps lacking graphic organization.
Two Isoforms of Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate Reductase from the Chloroplasts of Dunaliella tertiolecta (1993)

Three isoforms of dihydroxyacetone phosphate reductase in extracts from Dunaliella tertiolecta have been separated by a diethylaminoethyl cellulose column chromatography with a shallow NaCl gradient. The chloroplasts contained the two major isoforms, and the third, minor form was in the cytosol. The isoforms are unstable in the absence of glycerol and they are cold labile, but they may be partially reactivated at 35[deg]C. The first chloroplast form to elute from the DEAE cellulose column was the major form when the cells were grown on high NaCl and it has been referred to as the form for glycerol production for osmoregulation or “osmoregulator form.” The second form increased in specific activity when inorganic phosphate was increased in the growth media to stimulate growth, and it has been given the designation for the form for glyceride synthesis, “glyceride form.” The osmoregulator form was stimulated by NaCl added to the enzyme assay, but not by reduced Escherichia coli thioredoxin. The glyceride form had properties similar to the enzyme in leaf chloroplast, such as inhibition by NaCl and by fatty acyl-coenzyme A derivatives and some stimulation by dithiothreitol, uridine diphosphate galactose, cyti-dine diphosphate dipalmatoyl diglyceride, and reduced E. coli thioredoxin. Thus, Dunaliella chloroplasts have a salt-stimulated osmoregulatory form of dihydroxyacetone phosphate reductase, which seems to have a role in glycerol production, and an isoform, which may be involved in glyceride synthesis and which has properties similar to the enzyme in chloroplasts of higher plants.
Sequences of primate insulin genes support the hypothesis of a slower rate of molecular evolution in humans and apes than in monkeys. (1992)

The chimpanzee and African green monkey insulin genes have been cloned and sequenced. These two sequences together with the previously reported sequences for the human and owl monkey insulin genes provide additional support for the hominoid-rate-slowdown hypothesis, i.e., a slower rate of nucleotide substitution in humans and apes than in monkeys. When these sequences and other primate sequences available for the relative-rate test were considered together, the substitution rate in the Old World monkey lineage was shown to be significantly higher than the rates in the human and chimpanzee lineages. This was true regardless of whether the eta-globin pseudogene was included in the analysis. Therefore, in contrast to the claim by Easteal, the hominoid-rate-slowdown is not unique to the eta-globin pseudogene but appears to be a rather general phenomenon. On average, the substitution rate at silent sites is about 1.5 times higher in the Old World monkey lineage than in the human and chimpanzee lineages.
Design of terrain reasoning database for CCTT (2002)

Terrain reasoning in computer generated force (CGF) systems has traditionally been very expensive both in terms of time and space. Discussion of terrain reasoning concepts often focuses on algorithms, but the storage scheme for terrain data can also have a significant impact on performance. A number of challenges face CGF systems in this area including trading fidelity for performance, making efficient use of available memory, and data correlation with the visual display supplied to the man in the loop. The CCTT (Closed Combat Tactical Trainer) terrain reasoning database is built upon existing work and introduces new concepts to address these issues.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Hexagonal Convolutional Neural Networks for Hexagonal Grids (2019)

Hexagonal grids use a hierarchical subdivision tessellation to cover the entire plane or sphere. Due to the 6-fold rotational symmetry, hexagonal grids have some advantages (e.g. isoperimetry, equidistant neighbors, and uniform connectivity) over quadrangular and triangular girds, which makes them suitable to tackle tasks of geospatial information processing and intelligent decision-making. In this paper, we first introduce some applications based on the hexagonal grids. Then, we introduce the planer and spherical hexagonal grids and analyze the group representations for them, we review geometric deep learning, some Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for hexagonal grids, and group-based equivariant convolution. Next in importance, we propose the HexagonNet for hexagonal grids, and define a new convolution operator and pooling operator. Finally, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed HexagonNet, we perform experiments on two tasks: aerial scene classification on the aerial image dataset (AID), and 3D shape classification on the ModelNet40 dataset. The experimental results verify the practical applicability of the HexagonNet given some fixed parameter budgets.
IL-12 Down-Regulates Autoantibody Production in Mercury-Induced Autoimmunity (1998)

In genetically susceptible H-2s mice, subtoxic doses of mercuric chloride (HgCl2) induce a complex autoimmune syndrome characterized by the production of anti-nucleolar IgG Abs, lymphoproliferation, increased serum levels of IgG1 and IgE Abs, and renal Ig deposits. Mercury-induced autoimmunity in H-2s mice provides a useful model for chemically related autoimmunity in humans. The increase in serum IgG1 and IgE, which are under IL-4 control, suggests a role for the Th2 subset in this syndrome. The IL-12 cytokine induces T cell proliferation and IFN-gamma production and is necessary for differentiation of naive T cells into the Th1 subset. To gain an understanding of T cell control in this syndrome and, in particular, Th1/Th2 regulation, we assessed the effect of IL-12 administration in mercury-induced autoimmunity. Groups of A.SW mice (H-2s) received HgCl2 plus IL-12, HgCl2 alone, or IL-12 alone. IL-12 treatment resulted in a dramatic reduction of the anti-nucleolar Ab titers. IL-12 also inhibited the HgCl2-induced serum IgG1 increase, but, in contrast, did not significantly affect IgE induction in this model. This observation may be related to our unexpected finding that IL-12 further potentiated the HgCl2-triggered IL-4 induction in this model. The levels of renal Ig deposits were similar in mice receiving HgCl2 alone or HgCl2 plus IL-12. Our results indicate that IL-12 can down-regulate the autoimmune component of this experimental syndrome and that the various manifestations of mercury-induced autoimmunity are independently regulated.
Lack of Control of Citrus Canker by Induced Systemic Resistance Compounds (2004)

Induced systemic resistance compounds (ISRs), acibenzolar-S-methyl (Actigard), and harpin protein (Messenger) were assayed in the greenhouse against Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citrumelo, the cause of citrus bacterial spot (CBS), and X. axonopodis pv. citri, the cause of Asiatic citrus canker. Actigard and Messenger applied as foliar sprays 3 to 7 days before inoculation reduced numbers of lesions when either bacterium at 10<sup>3</sup> or 10<sup>4</sup> CFU/ml was injection-infiltrated into Swingle citrumelo leaves. Based on this activity, the ISRs were evaluated in southern Brazil in orchards of sweet oranges with low to moderate canker disease incidence in spray programs with and without copper oxychloride (COC) and copper hydroxide (CuOH). Actigard and Messenger were applied full season or in the first two or three sprays of a six-spray program in an attempt to reduce early canker disease on foliage and thereby reduce subsequent fruit infection and premature drop. Sprays of COC and CuOH were moderately to highly effective in reducing canker disease incidence and preventing premature fruit drop. Actigard or Messenger in combination with COC and CuOH, respectively, did not significantly reduce citrus canker incidence on foliage or fruit drop compared with Cu alone. The lack of additional control with ISRs means they cannot be recommended at this time to augment Cu programs for management of citrus canker.
A Physical De-embedding Method for Silicon-based Device Applications (2009)

In the recent years, de-embedding method of \open-short, and \open-thru with dummy DUTs are mostly used for on-wafer devices. This paper shows a method, called L-2L, with two metal lines or transmission lines. One is two times the length of the other one. Based on the measurement data of two lines, PAD parasitics and scalable length model with certain width are obtained by L2L. Furthermore, the tape-out DUT numbers for the de-embedding are extremely minimized to 2. The applications for inductors by 65nm Low-K Si-based process and 0.18m FSG Si-based process, and for 0.13m transmission lines are also shown for benchmark in this paper.
What can economics add to health technology assessment? Please not just another cost-effectiveness analysis! (2006)

Evidence based medicine is not only important for clinical practice, but national governments have embraced it through health technology assessment (HTA). HTA combines data from randomized controlled trials (RCT) and observational studies with an economic component (among other issues). HTA, however, is not taking full advantage of economics. This paper presents five areas in which economics may improve not only HTA, but the RCT methods that underpin it. HTA needs to live up to its original agenda of being a interdisciplinary field and draw methods not just from biostatistics, but from a range of discipline, including economics. By focusing only on cost effectiveness analysis (CEA), however, we go nowhere close to fulfilling this potential.
Interfacial reactions and mechanism properties between SAC 405 and SACNG lead-free solders with Au/Ni(P)/Cu substrates reflowed by CO<inf>2</inf> laser (2009)

This study investigate the interfacial reactions and mechanical property between Sn-4.0Ag-0.5Cu (SAC, in wt%) and Sn-4.0Ag-0.5Cu-0.05Ni-0.01Ge (SACNG, in wt%) lead free solders with Au/Ni(P)/Cu substrate by CO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> laser reflow. These results compare with the same systems under a conventional hot-air reflowing method in the oven. After reflowing, all samples were then taken heat-treatment at 150°C for 1000 hours. Under CO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> laser reflowing, mixtures of the (Cu,Ni) <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</inf> Sn <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</inf> and (Ni,Cu) <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> Sn <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</inf> phases and (Ni,P,Cu) solid solution were formed at the interface. After taking a long period of heat-treatment, the (Cu,Ni) <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</inf> Sn <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</inf> +(Ni,Cu) <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> Sn <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</inf> were still observed at the interface. But, the Ni(P)+Cu solid solution disappeared as increasing reaction times. The experimental results compared with the same couples by conventional hot-air reflowing at 240°C, three layer structures, (Cu,Ni) <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</inf> Sn <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</inf> , (Ni,Cu) <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> Sn <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</inf> and Ni <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> P phases, were formed at the interface. The spalling intermetallic compounds could be observed in the SACNG/Au/Ni/Cu couple. The mechanical strength of solder joints by the laser reflowing technique is very similar to that by the hot-air reflowing method.
[Hematopoietic stem cells: source, indications and perspectives]. (2002)

The haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) has been first described in the mouse and now identify in human as well. Exposed to a cocktail of growth factor, this HSC can self re-new and/or differentiate into the three lineages we have in the peripheral blood. These HSC are of major importance in the clinics since they can be used for some marrow (or stem cell) transplantation, and lead to the cure of a number of malignant and non malignant hemopathies. We have today three sources of HSC: the bone marrow, the mobilized peripheral blood stem cell and the cord blood. Bone marrow used to be the classical source of HSC after harvesting by aspirations in the iliac crest. However, this approach is now supplanted by the recovery of HSC in peripheral blood using a cell separation after four days of G-CSF administration. These are several advantages of this technique, but the most important one is the more rapid hematopoietic recovery after transplantation, reducing the risk of infection and transfusion. A recent source of HSC is the umbilical cord blood. At the moment of delivery, the cord blood is extremely enriched in HSC due to the migration of these cells from the liver to the bone marrow stroma, where they will persist after birth. We have learned that the marrow stroma display a major role in the regulation of hematopoiesis and the pathogenesis of several malignant hemopathies can be explained by disturbance in the function of stromal cell. We have particularly studied the patho-genesis of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. We have also observed that a subpopulation of stromal cells, the mesenchymal cells are of major importance in the microenvironment. In addition, the plasticity of these cells is demonstrated in vitro and we have currently a research program investigating its differentiation in neural cells. All these observations bring new promises in the treatment of hemopathies but also in some other neurological degenerative diseases.
Design of feed networks in irregular planar arrays (2011)

In this paper, a few techniques in microstrip feed network design for the irregular antenna arrays are presented. By making ingenious use of every corner of the array, the antenna aperture efficiency won't be deteriorated even when the shape of the antenna is arbitrary. Prototype designs for different shapes microstrip antenna sub-arrays are first presented, and then a circular array composed of various irregular sub-arrays is designed. The simulated results show that the way used to configure feed network provides an important reference in the design of large planar antenna arrays.
Storage of breast milk: effect of temperature and storage duration on microbial growth (2000)

The study revealed that storage duration for expressed breast milk should not exceed 24 hours in refrigerator temperature (4 to 10 degrees C), eight hours at room temperature (15 to 27 degrees C) and four hours at high temperature (30 to 38 degrees C). Although freezing temperature (0 to 4 degrees C) seemed safest for breast milk storage, short-term storage in a freezer is not recommended due to likely the hazards of the thawing process.
Comparison of the responsiveness and relative effect size of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index and the Short-Form Medical Outcomes Study Survey in a randomized, clinical trial of osteoarthritis patients (1999)

These results suggest the WOMAC has greater power to detect treatment differences than the SF-36, with respect to pain and physical functioning, in OA clinical trials.
Effects of A Personalized Intervention Program on the Biochemical and Hematological Profile in Community Dwelling Old Adults—The AGA@4life Intervention Model (2020)

Aging is a social and economic challenge of the highest importance and a multidisciplinary intervention seems to be a promising approach for improving the quality of life of elderly individuals. This project was designed aimed at promoting an active and healthy aging through the implementation of an intervention program based on the comprehensive geriatric assessment model (AGA@4life), focused on promoting health and wellbeing, independence and autonomy, mobility, and social inclusion. A non-randomized interventional study was designed to evaluate the effect of only a dietetic and nutritional approach (control group (CG)) and the combination of a tailored exercise program and a dietetic and nutritional approach (intervention group (IG)) in the biochemical and hematological profile of older adults in the framework of AGA@4life. The 34 participants enrolled, aged 65 years or over, were subject to a thorough baseline (T0) multidisciplinary diagnostic evaluation, including the gathering of clinical information and a battery of biochemical and hematological determinations, and reevaluated after eight weeks of intervention (T1). Between T0 and T1, an increase in albumin and total proteins serum levels were observed in both groups (<i>p</i> < 0.01); the hematological profile in CG and IG showed an increase in red cell count and hemoglobin (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In IG, an increase of HDL cholesterol (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and a decrease of triglycerides (<i>p</i> = 0.001) were still observed. The AGA@4life multidisciplinary intervention improved the hematological and biochemical profile of old adults, potentially contributing to delay the development of several aging comorbidities and increase the quality of life of participants.
Comparative Performance Analysis of High Density and Efficiency PFC Topologies (2014)

In this paper, the efficiency and power factor performance of improved power factor correction (PFC) topologies suitable for a high density and efficient design are compared. Several topologies, including a conventional average current mode control boost PFC, an interleaved boost PFC, a back-to-back bridgeless boost PFC, and a semi-bridgeless boost PFC, are assessed through loss analysis and simulation using whole height 1 U and 2 kW class prototypes. Based on this, an optimal topology is selected for which an additional comparative analysis involving input line measure improvement control is conducted. The results of these experiments can be adapted for use in the circuit selection of high-performance converters with power factor improvement circuits.