gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lithium-tellurium bimetallic cell has increased voltage (1968)

Lithium-tellurium secondary cell with a fused lithium halide electrolyte, tested in the temperature range 467 degrees to 500 degrees C, showed improvement over the sodium bismuth cell. The voltage of this bimetallic cell was increased by using the more electropositive anode material, lithium, and the more electronegative cathode material, tellurium.
Crevice Corrosion of Implant Alloys—A Comparison of <i>In-Vitro</i> and <i>In-Vivo</i> Studies (1979)

As part of a program to evaluate a family of high-strength, high-ductility stainless steels (TRIP steels) for use in orthopedic implants, the crevice corrosion resistance of one of these steels (containing 4 percent molybdenum) was compared with the resistances of two alloys in current clinical use (Type 316L stainless steel and cast Vitallium alloy). The three materials were subjected to two types of in-vitro test and two types of in-vivo tests. In one in-vitro test, two-plate crevice assemblies of each material were weighed before and after a nine-month period of immersion in a physiological saline solution; concurrent potential measurements were made on noncreviced specimens. A rapid in-vitro electrochemical technique, called the PPR test, was used to determine crevice corrosion (or pitting) propagation rates and the potential, Eprot, below which crevice corrosion (or pitting) cannot occur. By comparing Eprot values with the long-term corrosion potentials, it was possible to predict the relative susceptibilities of the alloys to crevice corrosion. In one in-vivo test, bone/metal crevices were produced by inserting small cylindrical coupons of each alloy into holes drilled into the femurs of six mongrel dogs. In the other in-vivo test, bone plates of each alloy were fixed with mating screws to each humerus and to each femur of four rhesus monkeys: this type of specimen provided metal/metal and metal/bone crevices and most closely simulated expected service conditions. The cylindrical coupons, the bone plates, and the tissue surrounding each specimen were examined after exposure times of up to two years. The results of the two in-vitro tests and of the in-vivo tests in rhesus monkeys were entirely consistent: each test indicated that the TRIP steel is fairly susceptible to crevice corrosion, that Type 316L staineiss steel has limited susceptibility, and that cast Vitallium alloy is essentially immune to this form of localized corrosion. However, all alloys were much more resistant to crevice corrosion when implanted into dog bone, and the TRIP steel performed as well as the Type 316L stainless steel, though not as well as the cast Vitallium alloy. Thus, although we have demonstrated that it is possible to obtain good agreement between in-vitro and some in-vivo tests, the inconsistencies in the in-vivo results underline the need for a reevaluation of the animals and the in-vivo test techniques commonly used for assessing the suitability of candidate implant materials.
Empirical Nonlinear Noise Models of Field-Effect Devices for Microwave Circuit Large-Signal Noise Analysis (2007)

Measurement-based, circuit-oriented non-linear noise modelling of field-effect devices is an important issue in the design of micro- and millimeter-wave circuits, such as low-phase noise oscillators and mixers. When accurate large-signal (LS) noise analysis predictions are needed for non-linear circuit design, the active device noise models require not only a suitable characterization of the figures describing the linear noise behavior of the device within the RF-band, but also an adequate description of those non-linear mechanisms, which are responsible for the modulation of broad-band noise and the up-conversion to RF of low-frequency (LF) noise phenomena. In this contribution, the basic problems to be faced in the empirical non-linear noise modelling of field-effect active devices are discussed, by examining both the link with distributed microscopic physical noise sources and the predictive capabilities in LS analyses of equivalent, lumped cyclostationary noise generators. Measurement procedures aimed at the extraction of cyclostationary equivalent noise generators will be outlined. Examples of implementation of the non-linearly controlled noise sources in the framework of commercial CAD packages will be provided, and some examples of application of the non-linear noise models to the analysis and design of microwave circuits will be discussed.
Nickel‐Catalyzed Cyclizations of Alkynyl Enones and Alkynyl Enals (2002)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Gold(III)‐Induced Oxidation of Amino Acids and Malonic Acid: Reaction Pathways Studied by NMR Spectroscopy with Isotope Labelling (2002)

Abstract Reactions of Au(III) with biomolecules are of interest in relation to understanding the mechanism of action of therapeutic gold compounds. NMR investigations of 13 C and 15 N isotopically‐labelled glycine and alanine show that Au(III) induces deamination and subsequent decarboxylation of both amino acids with the same mechanism. For comparison, reactions of Au(III) with sarcosine and the dicarboxylic acid malonic acid were also investigated. The major intermediates and products have been identified.
Transcriptional trans activation by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat requires specific coactivators that are not basal factors (1995)

Expression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genes is regulated by the trans activator Tat. Tat exerts its effects by increasing the rate of transcription, but the mechanism by which it does so is still unknown. To study the cellular factors required for Tat trans activation, we have expressed functional Gst-Tat fusion protein and used it to construct affinity columns. Our findings are as follows. (i) A Gst-Tat affinity matrix depleted HeLa nuclear extracts of a factor(s) required for Tat function. A Tat mutant bearing the missense mutation lysine to alanine at position 41 was incapable of this depletion. (ii) Tat trans activation was recovered by addition of unfractionated nuclear extract, the 0.5 M KCl elution fraction from the Tat affinity column, or sedimentation gradient fractions of HeLa extracts. The activity from the gradients sedimented with an apparent molecular mass of 200 kDa. (iii) Tat trans activation could not be recovered by use of recombinant human TATA-binding protein or partially purified TFIID. (iv) trans activation by Tat was blocked by heating of the nuclear extract under conditions in which basal transcription was not decreased. Our data demonstrate for the first time the existence of unique Tat coactivators distinct from factors required for general basal transcription.
Brittleness Index of Cementitious Composites (1990)

Series of direct tension tests were conducted to observe the softening response of different types of cementitious composites, namely, mortar, plain concrete, high strength concrete, normal fibrous concrete, and high strength fibrous concrete. The types of fibers used are straight and hooked end steel fibers with volume fraction of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0%. The strength of the matrix varied from 24 MPa to 83 MPa. Two types of direct tension specimen, a dog bone and an end-tapered specimen, were developed for monitoring the post-peak response of brittle composites like concrete. All tests were done in an MTS testing machine under closed-loop strain control. The complete load-displacement curve, both ascending and descending branches, of each test was closely monitored and recorded. A simple generalized stress-displacement relationship is proposed. A single variable named 'brittleness index' is introduced and use to model the softening response of different types of cementitious composites. The predicted responses agree closely with the experimental results.
A ras-1<sup>bd</sup> Mauriceville strain for mapping mutations in Oak Ridge ras-1<sup>bd</sup>strains (2006)

We describe the construction of a Neurospora crassa Mauriceville strain carrying the ras-1bd mutation marked by the bacterial hygromycin resistance gene, hph (new FGSC # 10156). This strain is valuable for mapping mutations in Oak Ridge strains that carry the bd mutation.
Cyclic Mastic Strut-Tie Modeling of Shear-Critical Reinforced Concrete Members (2000)

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Chirped-mirror pairs for ultra-broadband dispersion control (2003)

Summary form only given. Since their recent introduction by Szipocs et al. dispersion controlled mirrors (DCM) or chirped mirrors have proved to be essential devices for the production of ultra-short pulses directly from the oscillator, and more generally for many aspects of femtosecond laser sources. Further reduction of the pulse duration is still expected for such oscillators, as the whole gain bandwidth of Ti:sapphire has not been utilized yet. Simultaneously, progress in femtosecond optical parametric amplification (OPA) has made possible the production of tunable sub-10-fs pulses in the visible and near infrared.
Sooting Correlations for Premixed Flames (1984)

Abstract —Using a Bunsen-type burner in which the name temperature was controlled by nitrogen addition, the tendency of hydrocarbon fuels to form soot has been determined systematically. The effective sooting equivalence ratio reported is based on the stoichiometric relation in which the carbon and hydrogen in the fuel are converted to carbon monoxide and water. respectively, rather than the conventional equivalence ratio or the C/O ratio. The temperature effect is clearly shown by plotting the log of the effective equivalence ratio versus the reciprocal of the (adiabatic) flame temperature, and this dependency is similar for all fuels examined and is relatively weak. At a given flame temperature, an increase in either the number of carbon atoms or the C/H ratio in the fuel molecule increases the tendency to soot. These effects are attributed to the increased pyrolysis rate and the decreased oxidative attack, respectively. No significant effects are found with regard to the structure of the fuel molecule. The sooting tendency at a fixed temperature correlates extremely well with the "number of C-C bonds" or the total C-C bond strength in the molecule.
Stereotaktische Operationen zur Behandlung des Nystagmus, der vestibulären Ataxie und der spastischen Streckmuskeltonussteigerung (1967)

Wir entwickelten eine neue stereotaktische Operationsmethode, die, „Superior Colliculotomy”zur Behandlung des Nystagmus und der vestibulären Ataxie nach den experimentellen Ergebnissen von TAKEBAYASHI U. Mitarb. Inzwischen haben wir seit 1958 30 Fälle mit verschiedenen Nystagmusformen mit Hilfe dieser Methode behandelt. Bei Reizung im Stratum lemnisci des Colliculus sup. verstärkte sich der Eigennystagmus mit Schnellphase zur kontralateralen Seite. Bei Zerstörung des Stratum lemnisci verminderte sich der kontralateral gerichtete Nystagmus. Diese Phänomene zeigten sich nicht nur bei Patienten mit Nystagmus, sondern auch bei normalen Menschen. Die beste Indikation der „Superior Colliculotomy (Stratum lemnisci)” ist einseitiger horizontaler Nystagmus bei einer Störung vestibulären Ursprungs.
ChemInform Abstract: HALOGENMETHYLMETALL‐VERBINDUNGEN 54. MITT. PHENYL‐(DIHALOGENCARBOMETHOXYMETHYL)‐QUECKSILBER‐VERBINDUNGEN ALS HALOGENCARBOMETHOXY‐CARBEN‐UEBERTRAEGER (1973)

Abstract Die aus Phenylquecksilberchlorid (I) und dihalogenierten Essigsäureestern (II) dargestellten Quecksilberderivate (III) sind bei Temperaturen über 100°C als Quelle für disubstituierte Carbene geeignet.
Characterization of Sb-Doped Fully-Silicided NiSi/SiO/sub 2//Si MOS Structure (2006)

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurement of Sb-doped fully-silicided (FUSI) NiSi/SiO2 interface has been carried out to evaluate location of Sb pileup and to discuss its role for workfunction shift. The XPS result revealed Sb encroachment into SiO2. Workfunction characterization by XPS implied that NiSi workfunction was identical to its original value without Sb pileup located inside the gate oxide. The impact of predoping on silicidation reaction was also investigated.
The Research of the Integrated System of CAD/CAPP Based on the Feature (2009)

Integration of CAD/CAPP/CAM is very important technological unit.Based on the Secondary Development of Pro/Toolkit,it presents the methods for the integrated system of CAD/CAPP utilizing the method of description based on feature.It also provides the methods using the Microsoft's MFC to develop the window for the application program,and the overall structure of the integrated system of CAD/CAPP based on the feature is proposed.In the end,the key techniques to the part feature recognition and extraction technology,the generation of feature processing chain based on relational database and the automatic generation of the CAPP process drawing are deeply discussed.
Dynamics in N2 Uptake by New Ruthenium(II) Tertiary Polyamine Complexes in Aqueous Solution (1993)

Abstract When Ti(III)Cl3 was injected to aqueous 1 mM HCl solutions of trans-[Ru(III)Cl2L1]+ (L1 = 2,5,9,12-tetramethyl-2,5,9,12-tetraazatridecane) under N2, almost quantitative N2 uptake by the reduced ruthenium(II) complex was observed. The first order initial rate constant 2.6 ± 0.3 × 10−4 s−1 was obtained which is the highest value among those so far reported. Much lower rate constants and absorption ratios were observed for homologous ruthenium tertiary polyamine complexes.
Immunoglobulin A and secretory immunoglobulin A antibodies to purified type 1 Klebsiella pneumoniae pili in human colostrum (1982)

Immunoglobulin A antibodies with binding specificity for purified Klebsiella pneumoniae type 1 pili were detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 20 of 21 human samples (95%). The concentrations of secretory immunoglobulin A antibody in colostrum directed against the pili were calculated by comparison of experimental enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay values with values obtained from known secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations. The presence of antibodies to K. pneumoniae type 1 pili was confirmed by double diffusion-gel studies with selected specimens of colostrum. This study shows that in the majority of human colostral samples examined, secretory immunoglobulin A antibodies with specificity for K. pneumoniae type 1 pili can be commonly found in variable, but frequently high, concentrations.
SERUM PROTEIN-VASOPRESSIN BINDING AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE PRESSOR ACTIVITY OF THE HORMONE (1964)

Binding and inactivation of Pitressin by serum and plasma in vitro were studied. The pressor activity of Pitressin added to human serum was usually lower than that of Pitressin dissolved in saline of the same concentration. Plasma did not reduce the activity under the experimental condition used. The reduction of activity seemed to be due to inactivation of the hormone progressing during a period of assay, not by binding of the hormone by serum protein. Rat serum samples tested did not affect the activity, while dog serum reduced it. The Pitressin binding capacity of serum, measured by dialysis technique, was approximately same as that of plasma. Both Pitressin binding and inactivating capacities differed from one human serum to another.Human sera with larger binding capacity inactivated Pitressin to larger extent, and a significant correlation existed between these two capacities.COHN fractions II+III and sometimes IV-4 attributed to both Pitressin binding and inactivation. A correlation between these capacities was also found in COHN fractions.
Evaluation of I-Cache Locking Technique for Real-Time Embedded Systems (2007)

Cache memory improves performance by reducing the speed gap between the CPU and the main memory. However, the execution time becomes unpredictable due to the cache's adaptive and dynamic behavior. Real-time applications are subject to operational deadlines and predictability is considered necessary to support them. Studies show that for embedded systems, cache locking helps determine the worst case execution time (WCET) and cache-related preemption delay. In this work, we evaluate predictability of an embedded system running real-time applications by instruction cache (I-Cache) locking. We implement an algorithm that locks the blocks that may cause more cache misses, using the Heptane simulation tool. We obtain CPU utilization measures for both cache analysis (no cache locking) and I-cache locking. Experimental results show that our proposed cache locking algorithm improves predictability and performance up to 15% locking, after that, predictability may be further enhanced by sacrificing performance.
303 Effect of stress ratio on giga-cycle fatigue properties for Ti-6Al-4V Alloy (2006)

The Japan Sooiety of Meohanioal Engineers 303 Ti -6Al -4V
Heat Shock Protein Release and Naturally Occurring Exogenous Heat Shock Proteins (2005)

Although for many years the perception has been that mammalian heat shock proteins are intracellular molecules that are only released into the extracellular environment in pathological situations such as necrotic cell death, it is now known that these molecules can be released from a variety of viable (non-necrotic) cell types [1–4]. Moreover, we and a number of others have reported Hsp60 and/or Hsp70 to be present in the peripheral circulation of normal individuals [5–12]. These observations have profound implications for the perceived role of these proteins as pro-inflammatory intercellular ‘danger’ signalling molecules and have prompted a re-evaluation of the functional significance and role(s) of these ubiquitously expressed and highly conserved families of molecules. The reader should refer to Chapter 2, which discusses the intracellular dispositions of molecular chaperones and also touches on the release of heat shock proteins, and Chapter 3, in which novel pathways of protein release are described.
Analytical simulation of radiated emission from power bus noise on PCB with linear macro-model of IC/LSI (2002)

ABSTRACT Modeling and simulation of radiated emission from a digital printed circuit board (PCB) are discussed. Analytical electromagnetic model of a multi-layer PCB and a linear macro-model of IC/LSI are combined to simulate power bus noise. The authors apply the power-current model of IC/LSI to a power-decoupling simulation; internal decoupling technique with a bypass capacitor and a decoupling inductor is tested on an IC module. The simulated far-field EMI spectra correspond with the experimental results within 6 dB. For practical simulation, the power-bus model is expanded to a general shape of PCB consisting of some rectangular segments.
Stereoselective Synthesis of β‐(Chloro)vinylsilanes Using a Regio‐ and (E)‐Stereoselective Bis‐Stannylation of Unsymmetrically Substituted Butadiynes: Application to the Synthesis of a Masked Triyne. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
<title>Characterization of incoherent-to-coherent optical conversion in DC-PVA plates</title> (1998)

The conversion of incoherent-to-incoherent images by spatial light modulators (SLMs) enables optical information processing and computing applications. The conversion consists of recording an incoherent image and an optical modulation on the same photosensitive element. The coherent readout of the photosensitive element is suitable for processing. DC-PVA is a well-adapted material for incoherent-to-incoherent conversion because of its wide sensitivity spectrum and because it is self developing. Optimization of incoherent and coherent intensities and exposure times is preformed. The spatial frequency of the optical modulation is also optimized. The conversion process is characterized by diffractive efficiency and fringe visibility analysis. Effects on phase and amplitude gratings in the material are investigated. Different recording modes are tested: the grating erasure, the grating writing and the simultaneous erasure/writing. In the grating erasure mode the photosensitive material is first impressed with the optical modulation and then with the incoherent image. The grating writing mode is the opposite process. In the simultaneous grating erasure/writing mode the incoherent image and the optical modulation are capture together continuously or with multiple exposures in the DC-PVA plates. Replacing the incoherent beam with the coherent beam in the same geometric configuration performs a comparative characterization. Another characterization consists of comparing the converted image properties with the properties of an image produced by a direct coherent readout of an incoherent slide. Comparisons between incoherent-to- incoherent conversion of incoherently illuminated slides with collimated or divergent beams or incoherently illuminated objects are shown.
Radiofrequency Ablation (2006)

肝細胞癌では, 肝硬変や多発性病変のため切除適応例は20～30%であり, “根治的”切除ができたとしても微小転移や異時性多中心性発癌により5年以内に80%が再発する. このため, 非外科的治療の演ずる役割が大きい. 経皮的ラジオ波焼灼術 (radiofrequency ablation; RFA) は, 根治性に優れ, 低侵襲で, 再治療も容易なため, 急速に普及してきた. 当科では延べ2,500例超にRFAを施行している. 初回治療としてRFAを施行した肝細胞癌556例で分析すると, 生存率は1年96%, 2年88%, 3年79%, 4年69%, 5年55%であり, 長期成績も良好である. 偶発症は4%に認められたが, 術死は2,500例中2例で, 1例は術後7日目に小脳出血を起こし死亡, もう1例は腹腔内・胸腔内出血後に, ARDS, 肝不全となり死亡した. RFAはすでに全国1,400以上の施設で行われているが, すべての施設が十分な経験とテクニックをもっているわけではない. 今後は, 技術講習会等を充実させ, 認定制度などを設け, 全体のquality controlを図る必要があろう.
Comparison of actions of papaverine, Aspaminol and isoprenaline on isolated rat uterus (1974)

Inhibitory responses of the isolated rat uterus to papaverine, Aspaminol and isoprenaline were potentiated by aminophylline that inhibits phosphodiesterase. The inhibitory responses to papaverine and isoprenaline were decreased by imidazole that stimulates phosphodiesterase activity, while the inhibitory response to Aspaminol was little influenced by imidazole. Papaverine strongly inhibited phosphodiesterase from the rat uterus, but Aspaminol did not influence phosphodiesterase activity. These results indicate that papaverine and isoprenaline are mediated through an increase of the intracellular level of cyclic AMP and also indicate that the inhibitory response of the rat uterus to Aspaminol is not concerned with the amount of intracellular cyclic AMP increased by inhibiting phosphodiesterase. Further, the results support the theory that there are two mechanisms for the so-called papaverine-like antispasmodics.
Notizen: Zur Frage der Identität und des Vorkommens von Neurohormon D in verschiedenen Bereichen des Zentralnervensystems von Periplaneta americana (1967)

RNase I is activated, on the other side a simultaneous inhibition can be observed *> 2 .The experimental data thus far available permit no real understanding mainly because until now very little is known about the mechanism of the activation of the "latent" RNase I in ribosomes.The valuable technical assistance of Mrs. G. TECH is gratefully acknowledged.
Chemistry of one-dimensional metallic edge states in MoS<sub>2</sub>nanoclusters (2003)

Nanostructures often have unusual properties that are linked to their small size. We report here on extraordinary chemical properties associated with the edges of two-dimensional MoS2 nanoclusters, which we show to be able to hydrogenate and break up thiophene (C4H4S) molecules. By combining atomically resolved scanning tunnelling microscopy images of single-layer MoS2 nanoclusters and density functional theory calculations of the reaction energetics, we show that the chemistry of the MoS2 nanoclusters can be associated with one-dimensional metallic states located at the perimeter of the otherwise insulating nanoclusters. The new chemistry identified in this work has significant implications for an important catalytic reaction, since MoS2 nanoclusters constitute the basis of hydrotreating catalysts used to clean up sulfur-containing molecules from oil products in the hydrodesulfurization process.