gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CCDC 211079: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination (2003)

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
Two-delay robust digital control and its applications-avoiding the problem on unstable limiting zeros (1990)

In the design of linear control systems, the existence of unstable zeros makes it difficult to construct many control systems. When the usual digital control scheme is used, unstable zeros appear in the discrete-time model due to the existence of limiting zeros even though the continuous-time plant is minimal phase. To avoid this unstable zero problem, two new digital control schemes, called two-delay output control and two-delay input control, are proposed. These control systems are proved to have no finite zeros. Asymptotic inverse systems, pole assignable unknown input observers, and output feedback controllers having the LTR (loop transfer recovery) property are developed using the two-delay output control. Zero assignable control systems and model matching control systems are developed using the two-delay input control.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Macroscopic Model of Lungs and a Material Simulating Their Properties at Radio and Microwave Frequencies (1986)

Dielectric mixture theory was applied to develop an analytical expression describing the dielectric constant and conductivity of human lungs. The model consists of air spheres suspended in simulated whole blood in a 30:70 ratio (by volume). Material simulating these properties was tested in the frequency range from 100 MHz to 2 GHz showing a satisfactory agreement with the predicted values.
Microstructure et propriétés : Les TPV vus par un universitaire (2007)

Conférence en industrie
ChemInform Abstract: Pyrroloisoquinoline Antidepressants. Part 3. A Focus on Serotonin. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Design models for durability of reinforced concrete structures (2003)

Razvoj modela proracuna trajnosti armiranobetonskih konstrukcija i shodno tome životnog vijeka u naglom je usponu u svijetu i vrlo brzo ce postati dijelom projektne dokumentacije, sustava osiguranja kvalitete i izvođacke prakse. Ovaj rad daje pregled stanja znanja u numerickom modeliranju životnog vijeka armiranobetonskih konstrukcija i u osnovnim crtama opisuje CLODIF postojeci model u nas.
<i>DPH5,</i> a Methyltransferase Gene Required for Diphthamide Biosynthesis in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (1992)

A mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae defective in the S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet)-dependent methyltransferase step of diphthamide biosynthesis was selected by intracellular expression of the F2 fragment of diphtheria toxin (DT) and shown to belong to complementation group DPH5. The DPH5 gene was cloned, sequenced, and found to encode a 300-residue protein with sequence similarity to bacterial AdoMet:uroporphyrinogen III methyltransferases, enzymes involved in cobalamin (vitamin B12) biosynthesis. Both DPH5 and AdoMet:uroporphyrinogen III methyltransferases lack sequence motifs commonly found in other methyltransferases and may represent a new family of AdoMet:methyltransferases. The DPH5 protein was produced in Escherichia coli and shown to be active in methylation of elongation factor 2 partially purified from the dph5 mutant. A null mutation of the chromosomal DPH5 gene did not affect cell viability, in agreement with other studies indicating that diphthamide is not required for cell survival. The dph5 null mutant survived expression of three enzymically attenuated DT fragments but was killed by expression of fully active DT fragment A. Consistent with these results, elongation factor 2 from the dph5 null mutant was found to have weak ADP-ribosyl acceptor activity, which was detectable only in the presence of high concentrations of fragment A.
A Crossbar System for Multiprocessors (1989)

Inexpensive multiprocessor systems that obtain notable improvement in performance over sequential processors are currently under development at UC Berkeley. We are describing a crossbar system, an interconnection network, as a component of a multiprocessor system that may be used for experimentation with different processor architectures. For instance, one may wish to experiment with (1) interconnecting computing modes, which contain processors, memory, and caches and (2) connecting processors to memory modules in a dance hall configuration. The cross- bar system is based on single bit-slice 16x16 crossbar chip with low latency, i.e., less than 50ns of delay using a 2 micron static CMOS technology. The chip is designed so that it can be implemented to CMOS or EDFL GaAs. We used three different tools to develop this chip: (1) Lager Tools, (2) NCR and Mentor Graphics tools, and (3) Timberwolfe standard-cell tools. By stacking 33 of these chips, a crossbar system has been designed that interconnects sixteen processing elements (PE) for transferring 32 bits of data and address with one-cycle read/write capability providing there is no contention between PEs. If a conflict occurs, a tree arbiter impartially selects a PE. A printed circuit board (PCB) version of the crossbar system has been designed. This multilayer PCB acts as a backplane and contains the crossbar chips on one side and VMe connectors to the PEs on the other side.
Type‐I IFN drives the differentiation of short‐lived effector CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells in vivo (2011)

Two subsets of CD8(+) T cells are generated early during an immune response; one of these subsets forms the memory pool, known as memory precursor effector cells (MPECs), identified by high expression of CD127 and low expression of KLRG1, whereas the other subset forms short-lived effector cells (SLECs) identified by low expression of CD127 and high expression of KLRG1. Here, we studied in vivo the role of type-I IFN in this fate decision. We found that under priming conditions dominated by type-I IFN, as observed in lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection, type-I IFN signaling directly impacted the regulation of T-bet and thus the early fate decision of CD8(+) T cells. In the absence of type-I IFN signaling, CD8(+) T cells failed to form SLECs but could form MPECs that give rise to functional memory CD8(+) T cells. Together, these findings identify type-I IFN as an important factor driving SLEC differentiation and thus instructing the early division between the effector and memory precursor CD8(+) T-cell pool.
EFFECT OF A FLEXIBLE VENTRICULAR RESTRAINT DEVICE ON CARDIAC REMODELING FOLLOWING ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION (2005)

OBJECTIVES. This study examines the effects of a flexible ventricular restraint device on LV dilatation and hypertrophy after transmural infarction in an ovine model. BACKGROUND. Left ventricular (LV) remodeling and dilatation occurs after extensive myocardial infarction. METHODS. A flexible ventricular restraint made from a nitinol mesh was evaluated in adult female sheep (n=14). Cardiac MRI scans and hemodynamic measurements were completed before and six weeks after anterior myocardial infarction. Treatment animals (n=7) received passive ventricular restraint concurrently with LV infarction. The others (n=7) served as controls. RESULTS. Increases in LV end-diastolic volume index were significantly less in the restraint group than in controls (0.20 ± 0.41vs. 0.83 ± 0.50 mL/kg, p < .03). Likewise, end-systolic volumes increased less in treatment animals (0.43 ± 0.28 vs. 0.90 ± 0.38 mL/kg, p < .03). Control hearts showed an increase in LV mass after infraction, whereas the restrained hearts had a decrease in LV mass (0.14 ± 0.19 vs. –0.25 ± 0.36 g/kg, p < 0.03). Hemodynamic studies showed similar changes after infarction for the control and the device group. Gross and microscopic examination showed no device-induced epicardial injury. CONCLUSIONS. A flexible ventricular restraint device attenuated remodeling following acute myocardial infarction in sheep.
Distributed Augmented Reality With 3-D Lung Dynamics—A Planning Tool Concept (2007)

Augmented reality (AR) systems add visual information to the world by using advanced display techniques. The advances in miniaturization and reduced hardware costs make some of these systems feasible for applications in a wide set of fields. We present a potential component of the cyber infrastructure for the operating room of the future: a distributed AR-based software-hardware system that allows real-time visualization of three-dimensional (3-D) lung dynamics superimposed directly on the patient's body. Several emergency events (e.g., closed and tension pneumothorax) and surgical procedures related to lung (e.g., lung transplantation, lung volume reduction surgery, surgical treatment of lung infections, lung cancer surgery) could benefit from the proposed prototype.
THE TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF LYSERGIC ACID AND ENGROVINE (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF LYSERGIC ACID AND ENGROVINEEdmund C. Kornfeld, E. J. Fornefeld, G. Bruce Kline, Marjorie J. Mann, Reuben G. Jones, and R. B. WoodwardCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 20, 5256–5257Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01649a100https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01649a100research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1577Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Nanoengineered PtVFe/C Cathode Electrocatalysts in PEM Fuel Cells: Catalyst Activity and Stability (2011)

Abstract The understanding of factors controlling electrocatalytic activity and stability of carbon‐supported multimetallic catalysts is essential for advancing the design of fuel‐cell electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction. The structural and compositional changes of trimetallic PtVFe/C catalysts have been investigated by several techniques, including XRD, X‐ray absorption fine structure (XAFS), and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analyses, in addition to electrochemical and fuel‐cell performance tests. The investigation aims at understanding whether the base metals incorporated into the multimetallic catalysts are stable and how the base metals in the Pt‐alloy are stabilized mechanistically. Changes are detected for the lattice properties and the composition of the base metals in the PtVFe nanoparticles after long‐term exposure to air, after thermal treatment at different temperatures, and after use in proton‐exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells. These changes show certain correlations with the structure, activity, and stability of the catalysts. The fcc alloy phase is found to be predominant for catalysts treated at low temperature, but changes to a tetragonal‐type alloy phase when the catalysts are treated at a higher temperature. In the low‐temperature‐treated catalyst, Fe has more bonds with O atoms, whereas in the high‐temperature‐treated catalyst, Fe has fewer O neighbors and FeFe bonds are detected. Analysis of the catalysts after testing in fuel cells indicates that the percentage of iron oxide is reduced, reflecting the propensity of dissolution of Fe oxide in the electrolytes. The smaller lattice parameter for the higher‐temperature treated catalyst is considered to be an important factor in determining the catalyst stability under conditions related to fuel‐cell operation.
An Innovative Methodology for Designing Cement-Sheath Integrity Exposed to Steam Stimulation (2010)

Summary Heavy-oil production is one of the new challenges the oil and gas industry faces today, with trillions of barrels of reserves around the planet. To extract heavy oils, the viscosity has to be reduced to gain mobility and start the oil flowing. Of all the possible techniques, steam stimulation is, today, the most promising. Steam is injected through the well down to the reservoir to warm it to a temperature of up to 250°C, inducing extreme thermal stresses in the well (especially when the temperature gradient through its components is maximum, as it is during initial steam injection or during workover when the well has to be quickly cooled down and heated up again to restart production rapidly). To avoid zonal-isolation failure and steam release at the surface, new rules need to be considered in designing the barriers of a well exposed to steam stimulation, especially in very shallow fields. Where conventional rules may be applied for casing design, pioneering rules should be considered for designing the cement sheath. This paper presents an innovative methodology for designing robust cement sheaths in very shallow conditions. First, stresses in the field are assessed with a rock-mechanics simulation. Then, the thermal gradient in the well components during the heating process is evaluated with a thermal simulation of the well. Both results are entered into Total's dedicated software to determine the mechanical properties the cement should have to withstand the thermal stresses. Different cement systems from service companies are evaluated in a cell, reproducing the field conditions to validate the simulation results. This methodology was applied successfully to the Joslyn field wells, in Canada, where a resilient cement system with low Young's modulus and high tensile strength was selected and pumped. Because the results were positive, the methodology has been extended to other Total fields around the world where steam simulation is being considered.
Ion-induced topography, depth resolution, and ion yield during secondary ion mass spectrometry depth profiling of a GaAs/AlGaAs superlattice: Effects of sample rotation (1991)

Effects of sample rotation and sputtering conditions on the depth resolution and ion yield during secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) sputter depth profiles have been studied on bulk GaAs and a GaAs(5 nm)/Al0.3Ga0.7As (5 nm) superlattice. Profiles without sample rotation with 1.0–7.0 keV O+2 show a rapid degradation of the depth resolution with increasing sputter depth. Profiles with Ar+ show only slight degradation. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) studies indicate that degradation is associated with development of periodic surface ripples. The wavelength of the ripples is energy dependent and increases with increasing ion impact energy. With sample rotation, no degradation of the depth resolution is observed and SEM micrographs indicate that surfaces sputtered with rotation are smooth. In addition, with 3.0 keV O+2 significant changes in the secondary ion yield of AsO+ from bulk GaAs are observed at a depth of ∼200 nm. No changes are observed with sample rotation. Our results demonstrate that sample rotation during SIMS depth profiling prevents and can reverse the development of surface topography that both degrades depth resolution and changes secondary ion yield. Thus, interpretation and quantitation of SIMS analysis is facilitated.
A Synthesis of Dibenzocycloheptadiene (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Synthesis of DibenzocycloheptadieneHenry. Rapoport and Arthur R. WilliamsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1949, 71, 5, 1774–1778Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01173a069https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01173a069research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views294Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Heavy Metals Behavior During Thermal Plasma Vitrification Of Incineration Residues (2006)

Incineration of wastes, widely and increasingly used nowadays, produces residues, mainly bottom ash and filter fly ash. Fly ash is especially problematic because of its high content in heavy metals easily drawn out. Thermal processes, based mainly on electrical arc processes, are used to melt the residues at high temperature and convert them into a relatively inert glass. Consequently, to improve the process and get a glass satisfying regulation, control of heavy metals (lead, zinc, cadmium and chromium…) volatility during plasma fly ash melting and vitrification is needed and basic data concerning vaporization of these metals are required. According to the volatility of these compounds observed during vitrification of fly ash, a predictive model has been used to simulate the elimination of Pb, Zn and S from the melt as a function of time and temperature for a system including chlorides, oxides and sulfates. The objective of this work was the experimental study of heavy metals volatility using optical emission spectroscopy. A twin torch plasma system, mounted above a cold crucible with Ar (or Ar + O2) as plasma gas, has been used. The crucible was filled with synthetic glass in which known amounts of metallic salts were added to obtain the same chemical composition as used in the model. From spectral lines intensities of Ar, the plasma temperature profiles along the observation direction has been first established, before using ratios of spectral lines of Ar and metallic (Pb, Zn) or Cl vapors to reach the evolution of the elements concentrations above the melt. Off‐gases have been analyzed by mass spectrometry. The influence of the atmosphere (Ar or Ar + O2) above the crucible has been studied and differences in elements behaviors have been pointed out. The results of the spectroscopic measurements have been compared to the ones issued of modeling, in order to validate our model of vaporization.
ChemInform Abstract: THE CONSTITUTION OF THE ANTIBIOTIC FLAMBAMYCIN (1976)

Abstract Für Flambamycin wird die Struktur (I) bestimmt.
Estimating specular normals from spherical Stokes reflectance fields (2012)

Despite being at the focal point of intense research in both computer graphics as well as in computer vision, accurately reproducing the shape and appearance of real-world scenes remains a challenging problem, especially under uncontrolled conditions. One cue that has been used to separate diffuse and specular reflectance is polarization. Recent work in computer graphics has explored polarization of incident illumination in conjunction with spherical gradient illumination to infer high quality diffuse-specular separation of both albedo as well as photometric normal information [Ma et al. 2007]. Ghosh et al. [2010] improved upon this by removing the view-dependence of the polarization scheme of Ma et al. by analyzing the Stokes reflectance field under incident circularly polarized spherical gradient illumination, and recover more detailed specular reflectance information including index of refraction as well as specular roughness.
Reduction of scattered radiation at 350 kv<sub>p</sub> (for chest radiography) (1974)

Measurements of scatter to primary ratios (S/P) at 350 kVp were made and compared to S/P at 100 kVp. Grids used were 8:1, 12:1 and 16:1. These were used alone or in combination with air gaps of 3, 6 and 9 in. In addition, the S/P ratios were determined for air gap alone. In general, the grids alone are a more efficient eliminator of scattered radiation at 100 kVp whereas the combination of air gap plus grid reduces the S/P ratio to a much greater extent at 350 kVp. At 350 kVp, only a 3% difference in primary transmission is attendant in proceeding from 8:1 to 16:1 grid.
Multidomain pseudospectral time-domain simulations of scattering by objects buried in lossy media (2002)

A multidomain pseudospectral time-domain (PSTD) method with a newly developed well-posed PML is introduced as an accurate and flexible tool for the modeling of electromagnetic scattering by 2-D objects buried in an inhomogeneous lossy medium. Compared with the previous single-domain Fourier PSTD method, this approach allows for an accurate treatment of curved geometries with subdomains, curvilinear mapping, and high-order Chebyshev polynomials. The effectiveness of the algorithm is confirmed by an excellent agreement between the numerical results and analytical solutions for perfectly conducting as well as permeable dielectric cylinders. The algorithm has been applied to model various ground-penetrating radar (GPR) applications involving curved objects in a lossy half space with an undulating surface. This multidomain PSTD algorithm is potentially a very useful tool for simulating antennas near complex objects and inhomogeneous media.
Forward RTO-Recovery (F-RTO): An Algorithm for Detecting Spurious Retransmission Timeouts with TCP (2009)

Spurious retransmission timeouts cause suboptimal TCP performance
because they often result in unnecessary retransmission of the last
window of data. This document describes the F-RTO detection algorithm
for detecting spurious TCP retransmission timeouts. F-RTO is a TCP
sender-only algorithm that does not require any TCP options to
operate. After retransmitting the first unacknowledged segment
triggered by a timeout, the F-RTO algorithm of the TCP sender monitors
the incoming acknowledgments to determine whether the timeout was
spurious. It then decides whether to send new segments or retransmit
unacknowledged segments. The algorithm effectively helps to avoid
additional unnecessary retransmissions and thereby improves TCP
performance in the case of a spurious timeout.