gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Management of Multivessel Coronary Disease in ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (2015)

Primary PCI of infarct-related arteries is the preferred reperfusion strategy in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Up to 40 % of such patients demonstrate evidence of multivessel, non-infarct-related artery coronary disease. Previous non-randomised observational studies and their associated meta-analyses have suggested that in such cases only the culprit infarct-related artery (IRA) lesion should be treated. However, recent randomised controlled trials have demonstrated improved clinical outcomes with lower major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) rates when complete revascularisation is undertaken either at index primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) or during index admission. These trials suggest that current guidelines pertaining to treatment of non-infarct-related artery (N-IRA) lesions in STEMI patients with multivessel disease may need to be reconsidered depending on future trials. However, issues remain around timing of N-IRA intervention, the use of fractional flow reserve (FFR) or intravascular imaging to guide intervention in N-IRA lesions and the need to demonstrate reductions in hard clinical endpoints (death and MI) after complete revascularisation; these issues will need to be addressed through future trials. Clinicians must judge on the currently available data, whether it is still safer to leave important stenosis in N-IRA untreated.
GSTCD and INTS12 Regulation and Expression in the Human Lung (2013)

Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) meta-analyses have identified a strong association signal for lung function, which maps to a region on 4q24 containing two oppositely transcribed genes: glutathione S-transferase, C-terminal domain containing (GSTCD) and integrator complex subunit 12 (INTS12). Both genes were found to be expressed in a range of human airway cell types. The promoter regions and transcription start sites were determined in mRNA from human lung and a novel splice variant was identified for each gene. We obtained the following evidence for GSTCD and INTS12 co-regulation and expression: (i) correlated mRNA expression was observed both via Q-PCR and in a lung expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) study, (ii) induction of both GSTCD and INTS12 mRNA expression in human airway smooth muscle cells was seen in response to TGFβ1, (iii) a lung eQTL study revealed that both GSTCD and INTS12 mRNA levels positively correlate with percent predicted FEV1, and (iv) FEV1 GWAS associated SNPs in 4q24 were found to act as an eQTL for INTS12 in a number of tissues. In fixed sections of human lung tissue, GSTCD protein expression was ubiquitous, whereas INTS12 expression was predominantly in epithelial cells and pneumocytes. During human fetal lung development, GSTCD protein expression was observed to be highest at the earlier pseudoglandular stage (10-12 weeks) compared with the later canalicular stage (17-19 weeks), whereas INTS12 expression levels did not alter throughout these stages. Knowledge of the transcriptional and translational regulation and expression of GSTCD and INTS12 provides important insights into the potential role of these genes in determining lung function. Future work is warranted to fully define the functions of INTS12 and GSTCD.
Direct Kinematic Singularity Detection of a Hexa Parallel Robot (2006)

Besides a quantity of well-known positive characteristics, parallel robots also obtain a couple of negative properties which limit their efficient use in certain application areas nowadays. Direct kinematic singularities that constrain the internal workspace are one of these inconvenient properties. This paper establishes a unique index, with physical meaning, that indicates the entrance of the Hexa parallel robot, considering its joint limits, to all its direct kinematic singularities. For this, we complement two methods to detect singularities: the power inspired measure method and the Grassmann geometry method. The applied procedure uses screw theory and line geometry tools to represent movements, actions and lines, respectively, in the robot. This procedure is practically verified in Hexa robot and shows that some singularities are overlapped forming large singularities.
Activated T cells induce expression of E‐selectin <i>in vitro</i> and in an antigen‐dependent manner <i>in vivo</i> (1996)

E-selectin is an endothelial adhesion molecule for polymorphonuclear cells, monocytes and skin-homing T cells. We have analyzed whether murine T cells are able to induce expression of E-selectin in vitro and in vivo. Using models of inflammation in which T cells play either a significant or only a minor role, we compared induction of E-selectin between normal mice and mice lacking functional T cells (athymic nude mice). In irritant contact dermatitis, a model without a major role for T cells, E-selectin was transiently expressed within the first 24 h in both normal and nude mice. In experimental leishmaniasis (where specific T cells play an important role), a high expression of E-selectin was maintained for 48 h in normal mice, whereas in nude mice expression was only transient. However, reconstitution of nude mice with 10(8) T cells from draining lymph nodes (LN) of Leishmania-infected normal mice could restore sustained expression of E-selectin. Transfer of T lymphocytes from normal LN or from LN of mice sensitized to the contact allergen trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB) did not have this effect. T cells from TNCB-sensitized mice, however, did induce sustained expression of E-selectin in nude mice when TNCB was applied locally; here, reconstitution with Leishmania-specific T cells had no effect. In vitro, T cells from infected or TNCB-sensitized normal mice increased expression of E-selectin on microvascular endothelial cells after 4 h of co-culture. T cells from untreated mice were less effective. Induction was dependent on direct cell-cell contact, but not on the action of interleukin-1 alpha, interleukin-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha or interferon-gamma. We conclude that sensitized T cells induce sustained expression of E-selectin in vivo in an antigen-dependent manner. This novel way of regulation could be relevant for cell-mediated immunity and chronic disease. The mechanisms are unknown, but, as in vitro, might require direct cell-cell contact.
Junctional intercellular communication is cooperatively inhibited by oncogenes in transformation. (1989)

We examined the actions of the cellular src (c-src) and adenovirus E1A genes on junctional cell-to-cell communication. Neither gene causes complete transformation of NIH3T3 cells on its own, but the two do so in conjunction with one another. This cooperation goes hand in hand with summation of the actions of the two genes on junctional communication: junctional permeability is reduced when the cells are transfected with either gene; it is reduced significantly more when they are transfected with both. This cooperative loss of communication approaches the noncooperative loss induced by the viral src gene (v-src), chimeric c-src/v-src, or Tyr527-mutant c-src--genes that cause transformation on their own. This provides a rationale for the hitherto unexplained complementation of the two oncogenes in carcinogenesis; it is the expected behavior if the loss of communication is causal in the decontrol of growth in transformation.
AML engraftment in the NOD/SCID assay reflects the outcome of AML: implications for our understanding of the heterogeneity of AML (2005)

The nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient (NOD/SCID) assay is the current model for assessment of human normal and leukemic stem cells. We explored why 51% of 59 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients were unable to initiate leukemia in NOD/SCID mice. Increasing the cell dose, using more permissive recipients, and alternative tissue sources did not cause AML engraftment in most previously nonengrafting AML samples. Homing of AML cells to the marrow was the same between engrafters and nonengrafters. FLT3 internal tandem duplication (ITD) and nucleophosmin mutations occurred at a similar frequency in engrafters and nonengrafters. The only variable that was related to engraftment ability was the karyotypically defined risk stratification of individual AML cases. Of interest, follow-up of younger patients with intermediate-risk AML revealed a significant difference in overall survival between NOD/SCID engrafting and nonengrafting AMLs. Hence, the ability of AML to engraft in the NOD/SCID assay seems to be an inherent property of AML cells, independent of homing, conditioning, or cell frequency/source, which is directly related to prognosis. Our results suggest an important difference between leukemic initiating cells between engrafting and nonengrafting AML cases that correlates with treatment response.
Mapping to a Reference Genome Structure (2014)

To support comparative genomics, population genetics, and medical genetics, we propose that a reference genome should come with a scheme for mapping each base in any DNA string to a position in that reference genome. We refer to a collection of one or more reference genomes and a scheme for mapping to their positions as a reference structure. Here we describe the desirable properties of reference structures and give examples. To account for natural genetic variation, we consider the more general case in which a reference genome is represented by a graph rather than a set of phased chromosomes; the latter is treated as a special case.
A Putative Transcription Factor MYT2 Regulates Perithecium Size in the Ascomycete Gibberella zeae (2012)

The homothallic ascomycete fungus Gibberella zeae is a plant pathogen that is found worldwide, causing Fusarium head blight (FHB) in cereal crops and ear rot of maize. Ascospores formed in fruiting bodies (i.e., perithecia) are hypothesized to be the primary inocula for FHB disease. Perithecium development is a complex cellular differentiation process controlled by many developmentally regulated genes. In this study, we selected a previously reported putative transcription factor containing the Myb DNA-binding domain MYT2 for an in-depth study on sexual development. The deletion of MYT2 resulted in a larger perithecium, while its overexpression resulted in a smaller perithecium when compared to the wild-type strain. These data suggest that MYT2 regulates perithecium size differentiation. MYT2 overexpression affected pleiotropic phenotypes including vegetative growth, conidia production, virulence, and mycotoxin production. Nuclear localization of the MYT2 protein supports its role as a transcriptional regulator. Transcriptional analyses of trichothecene synthetic genes suggest that MYT2 additionally functions as a suppressor for trichothecene production. This is the first study characterizing a transcription factor required for perithecium size differentiation in G. zeae, and it provides a novel angle for understanding sexual development in filamentous fungi.
UVSQ-SAT, a small nanosatellite to observe the Sun and the Earth - Imagine a new way for measuring Earth's energy imbalance (2019)

International audience
Low-Complexity Maximum-Likelihood Decoding of Shortened Enumerative Permutation Codes for (2001)

Volume holographic memories (VHM) are page-ori- ented optical storage systems whose pages commonly contain the order of one million pixels. Typically, each stored data page is composed of an equal number of binary pixels in either a low-con- trast (off) state or a high-contrast (on) state. By increasing the number of off pixels and decreasing the number of on pixels per page, there is an associated gain in VHM system storage capacity. When grayscale pixels are used, a further gain is pos- sible by similarly controlling the fraction of pixels at each gray level. This paper introduces a constant-weight, nonbinary, short- ened enumerative permutation modulation block code to produce pages that exploit the proposed capacity advantage. In addition to the code description, we present an encoder and a low-complexity maximum-likelihood (ML) decoder for the shortened permutation code. A proof verifies our claim of ML decoding. Applying this class of code to VHMs predicts a 49% increase in storage capacity when recording modulation coded 3-bit (eight gray level) pixels com- pared with a VHM using a binary signaling alphabet and equal- probable (unbiased) data.
Mechanical Properties of Weld Metal for Fire-Resistant Steel with Large Heat Input Submerged Arc Welding. (1996)

Large heat-input welding is increasingly employed because of its high productivity. For this welding, titanium and boron (Ti-B) bearing welding materials are suitable in acquiring high toughness at low temperatures. However, their properties at high temperatures have not been known. Preferable ductility at high temperatures is required when they are applied to the welding of fire-resistant steels. The present study examines the mechanical properties of Ti-B bearing welding materials for fire-resistant steels in large heat-input welding.Submerged arc welding with two electrodes in tandem was conducted with the heat-input of 13 kJ/mm. The mechanical and metallurgical investigation were v-notch Charpy tests, weld metal tensile tests, chemical analyses, and metallographic observation on ruptured surfaces.It was found that the addition of titanium and/or boron lowers the high temperature elongation. This reduction was caused by grain boundary fracture at the prior-austenite grain boundaries of the weld metal with titanium and boron. However, the high temperature properties were recovered in the weld metal with titanium as low as 30 ppm and nil boron, and this weld metal fractured in an intragranular mode with enough toughness.
Recent Advances in UrologyKirbyR.S. and LearyM.P.: Recent Advances in Urology. New York: Churchill Livingstone1998. 179 pages. (1999)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUrological Survey: Book Reviews1 May 1999Recent Advances in Urology Kevin T. McVaryMD Kevin T. McVaryKevin T. McVary More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(05)69057-XAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Recent Advances in Urology." The Journal of Urology, 161(5), pp. 1739–1740 Department of Urology; Northwestern University Medical School; Chicago, Illinois© 1999 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 161Issue 5May 1999Page: 1739-1740 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1999 by American Urological Association, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Kevin T. McVary More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...
<title>Focusability of a capillary discharge-pumped soft x-ray laser beam</title> (2001)

Soft x-ray lasers have become practical light sources for applications such as interferometric diagnosis of plasmas, the measurement of optical constants, and the characterization of EUV optics. For many potential applications involving light-matter interaction and nonlinear physics, the achievable light intensity is a critical parameter. High intensity could be realized by focusing high pulse energy light with good beam quality. Recent progress at Colorado State University has realized milli-joule level pulse energy at 46.9 nm from a capillary discharge-pumped tabletop soft x-ray laser. Direct measurements of the spatial coherence of the laser beam using a two-pinhole interference method have shown very high spatial coherence of the beam. These results imply the possibility of achieving very high intensity in the soft x-ray region. In this paper we report the results of a focusing experiment conducted with the laser mentioned above and designed to measure the focusability of the beam. The spatial profile of the focused beam is measured with knife-edge scanning technique and characterized with an M-squared factor. The results suggest that 10<SUP>13</SUP> W/cm<SUP>2</SUP> intensity is achievable with modestly tight focusing.
The impact of anaemia and kidney function in congestive heart failure and preserved systolic function (2005)

Anaemia is found in 8.1% of patients admitted to cardiology service. Anaemia was clearly associated with symptoms of congestive heart failure even in patients with normal renal function. Anaemia was not associated with left ventricular function.
Performance of Uplink Packetized LTE-A Signal Transmission on a Cascaded Radio-on-Radio and Radio-over-Fiber System (2015)

In this paper, we propose a flexible and high-capacity front-haul link for the uplink transmission of high-speed mobile signals using a cascade of radio-on-radio (RoR) and radio-over-fiber (RoF) systems. To emulate the cases that may occur in the uplink direction, we experimentally investigate the performance of superposing an uplink bursty LTE-A signal on the cascaded system using optical packet signal transmission. The performance of systems using different types of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs), including a high-transient EDFA, an automatic-gain-control EDFA, and a burst-mode (BM) EDFA is evaluated and compared. We confirm that the dynamic transience of the EDFAs has a significant influence on the signal performance. By using a BM-EDFA, we confirm successful transmission of the uplink packetized LTE-A signal on the cascaded system. Both the measured error vector magnitude and the received optical power range metrics exceed the requirements. We also estimate the maximum transmission range of the RoR link, and it is confirmed that a sufficiently long range could be achieved for the applications in mobile front-haul networks.
THE CHEMISTRY OF HYDRAZYL FREE RADICALS. III. FURTHER EVIDENCE OF THE CONTRIBUTION OF α-GROUPS TOWARD THE STABILIZATION OF α,α-DISUBSTITUTED-β-PICRYLHYDRAZYL FREE RADICALS<sup>1</sup> (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE CHEMISTRY OF HYDRAZYL FREE RADICALS. III. FURTHER EVIDENCE OF THE CONTRIBUTION OF α-GROUPS TOWARD THE STABILIZATION OF α,α-DISUBSTITUTED-β-PICRYLHYDRAZYL FREE RADICALS1R. H. POIRIER and F. BENINGTONCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1954, 19, 7, 1157–1162Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01372a023https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01372a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views71Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Enhancing Protein Backbone Binding—A Fruitful Concept for Combating Drug‐Resistant HIV (2012)

The evolution of drug resistance is one of the most fundamental problems in medicine. In HIV/AIDS, the rapid emergence of drug-resistant HIV-1 variants is a major obstacle to current treatments. HIV-1 protease inhibitors are essential components of present antiretroviral therapies. However, with these protease inhibitors, resistance occurs through viral mutations that alter inhibitor binding, resulting in a loss of efficacy. This loss of potency has raised serious questions with regard to effective long-term antiretroviral therapy for HIV/AIDS. In this context, our research has focused on designing inhibitors that form extensive hydrogen-bonding interactions with the enzyme's backbone in the active site. In doing so, we limit the protease's ability to acquire drug resistance as the geometry of the catalytic site must be conserved to maintain functionality. In this Review, we examine the underlying principles of enzyme structure that support our backbone-binding concept as an effective means to combat drug resistance and highlight their application in our recent work on antiviral HIV-1 protease inhibitors.
Inhibition of Na+, K+-ATPase activates swelling-induced taurine efflux in a human neuroblastoma cell line (1998)

The Na+ pump (Na+, K+-ATPase) has been implicated in the regulation of many cellular functions, including cell volume regulation. The effects of inhibiting Na+ pump activity on cell volume and taurine efflux were evaluated in the human neuroblastoma cell line CHP-100. Cell volume changes monitored with the Coulter Multisizer technique and confocal microscopy showed that neuroblastoma cells exposed to ouabain swelled by 22 +/- 4% (n = 5). The rapid cell swelling was followed by regulatory volume decrease (RVD). In cells treated with ouabain, 14C-taurine efflux increased by 183 +/- 11% compared with controls. However, cells exposed simultaneously to ouabain and hypoosmotic solution resulted in a 14C-taurine efflux of 207 +/- 18%. Western blot and immunofluorescence microscopy with specific monoclonal antibodies for the catalytic alpha isoforms of Na+, K+-ATPase demonstrated high levels of the ubiquitously expressed alpha1 and the neuronal-specific alpha3. Ouabain-binding data showed that CHP-100 cells express approximately 3 x 10(5) pump units/cell. The present data indicate that efflux of taurine may be involved during volume recovery subsequent to blockade of Na+, K+-ATPase in CHP-100 cells.
Life Cycle-Dependent Cytoskeletal Modifications in Plasmodium falciparum Infected Erythrocytes (2013)

Plasmodium falciparum infection of human erythrocytes is known to result in the modification of the host cell cytoskeleton by parasite-coded proteins. However, such modifications and corresponding implications in malaria pathogenesis have not been fully explored. Here, we probed the gradual modification of infected erythrocyte cytoskeleton with advancing stages of infection using atomic force microscopy (AFM). We reported a novel strategy to derive accurate and quantitative information on the knob structures and their connections with the spectrin network by performing AFM-based imaging analysis of the cytoplasmic surface of infected erythrocytes. Significant changes on the red cell cytoskeleton were observed from the expansion of spectrin network mesh size, extension of spectrin tetramers and the decrease of spectrin abundance with advancing stages of infection. The spectrin network appeared to aggregate around knobs but also appeared sparser at non-knob areas as the parasite matured. This dramatic modification of the erythrocyte skeleton during the advancing stage of malaria infection could contribute to the loss of deformability of the infected erythrocyte.