gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Viral Self-Assembly as a Thermodynamic Process (2003)

The protein shells, or capsids, of nearly all spherelike viruses adopt icosahedral symmetry. In the present Letter, we propose a statistical thermodynamic model for viral self-assembly. We find that icosahedral symmetry is not expected for viral capsids constructed from structurally identical protein subunits and that this symmetry requires (at least) two internal "switching" configurations of the protein. Our results indicate that icosahedral symmetry is not a generic consequence of free energy minimization but requires optimization of internal structural parameters of the capsid proteins.
Nocturnal rise of leptin in lean, obese, and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus subjects. (1996)

We studied 24-h profiles of circulating leptin levels using a sensitive and specific RIA in lean controls and obese subjects with or without non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) during normal routine activity. Serum leptin levels were significantly higher in obese (41.7 +/- 9.0 ng/ml; n = 11) and obese NIDDM (30.8 +/- 6.7; n = 9) subjects compared with those in lean controls (12.0 +/- 4.4, n = 6). In all the three groups, serum leptin levels were highest between midnight and early morning hours and lowest around noon to midafternoon. The nocturnal rise in leptin levels was significant when data were analyzed by ANOVA (lean: F = 3.17, P < 0.0001, n = 4; obese: F = 2.02, P < 0.005, n = 11; and obese NIDDM: F = 4.9, P < 0.0001, n = 5). The average circadian amplitude between acrophase and nadir was 75.6% in lean, 51.7%, in obese and 60.7% in obese NIDDM groups, respectively. No significant correlations (P > 0.05) were observed between circulating levels of leptin and either insulin or glucose levels in any of the 20 subjects studied for 24-h profiles. The nocturnal rise in leptin observed in the present study resembles those reported for prolactin, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and free fatty acids. We speculate that the nocturnal rise in leptin could have an effect in suppressing appetite during the night while sleeping.
Yb:CaGdAlO_4 thin-disk laser (2011)

We present the first demonstration of a Yb:CALGO thin-disk laser. In a slightly multimode configuration, we obtained up to 30 W of average power at a slope efficiency of 40% and an optical-to-optical efficiency of 32%. With a single-mode cavity, an average power of 25 W was achieved. A tuning range from 1018 to 1052 nm could be demonstrated by inserting a prism into the cavity. In the Q-switched regime, we obtained 1 mJ of pulse energy at a repetition rate of 100 Hz.
Exposure of Thick Polymethylglutarimide Films for Structural MEMS (2006)

Polymethylglutarimide (PMGI) based resists are commercially available resists intended for use in bilayer lift-off applications. Literature on exposure and development of PMGI films is restricted to films less than 2.5um in thickness, and limited to using TMAH based developers. This paper investigates the exposure and development of PMGI thick films greater than 6um in thickness using both TMAH and TEAH based developers. At this thickness, the absorption of the PMGI leads to non-uniform doses through the film, and so creates large gradients in the dissolution properties. Etch rates as a function of surface dose and development time are reported in this paper.
High T<sub>c</sub> Superconductivity of a Melt-Spun Er<sub>1</sub>Ba<sub>2</sub>Cu<sub>3</sub> Oxide Ribbon (1987)

An Er 1 Ba 2 Cu 3 oxide ribbon with a nonequilibrium crystalline structure was prepared by melt-spinning. Heating of the oxide ribbon in air resulted in the structural change to an orthorhombic phase accompanied by the oxygen absorption of about 21% at about 650 K. The Er 1 Ba 2 Cu 3 O y ribbon annealed at 1173 K for 5 h in air was found to exhibit high T c superconductivity with onset at 92.5 K and zero resistance at 88 K. It is thus concluded that the application of melt-spinning to an Er 1 Ba 2 Cu 3 oxide is useful for the production of oxide ribbon exhibiting high T c superconductivity.
EFFECTS OF CONTINUOUS NEGATIVE PRESSURE ON LUNG MECHANICS IN IDIOPATHIC RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME (1973)

Changes in lung mechanics produced by continuous thoracic negative pressure, (CNP) were determined in twelve newborn infants with idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS). CNP produced a significant increase in arterial oxygen tension, with no change in pH, and HCO-3. Minute ventilation decreased with CNP but Paco2 did not change significantly, suggesting a reduction in physiologic dead space while CNP was applied. Functional residual capacity increased to 127% of its initial value, after the institution of CNP. Dynamic lung compliance decreased to approximately 56% of its previous value with CNP. This change in compliance may be explained if the increase in FRC was not only due to expansion of collapsed alveoli, but also to overdistention of the functioning units.
Status and Vision for Structural Biology at the Canadian Light Source (2012)

The status and vision for Structural Biology at the Canadian Light Source (CLS) is presented. The beamlines that have been described in the paper represent a Canadian national resource that is available to science and industry world-wide. They include state-of-the-art infrastructure and include specialized capabilities, many of which are not available elsewhere, including macromolecular crystallography, biological X-ray spectroscopy, soft X-ray spectromicroscopy, as well as small angle and wide angle X-ray scattering beamlines. The vision for Structural Biology at the Canadian Light Source is signicantly enhanced by the synergies and collaborations between the users of the dierent beamlines and by the strengths of the scientic personnel and trainees.
ChemInform Abstract: INORGANIC CHEMICAL PROBLEMS OF RAW MATERIAL USE. I (1980)

Abstract Review: 1. Mitt. (am Beispiel des heterogenen Systems der ozeanischen Salze und der Gewinnung von Al‐Verbindungen, speziell von Al 2 O 3 aus einheimischen Al‐haltigen silicatischen Rohstoffen).
Effect of amount of sizing on tensile strength in FRP (2003)

It has been ever considered that sizing has completely spread in resin during molding process, but its distribution has not been revealed. Dyeing of FRP that was different in amount of sizing with acid dyestuff was applied to attempt visualizing the distribution of sizing in FRP, and revealed it. In result, it was found that sizing didn't wholly spread in resin. In case amount of sizing was much, most sizing was around of fibers. FRP that contained the smallest amount of sizing had the smallest tensile strength. Because amount of sizing around fibers had effect on fracture mechanisms and made difference in tensile strength. Therefore, it was found that sizing around strands made large tensile strength of FRP.
Alpha2C-adrenoceptor Del322-325 polymorphism and risk of psychiatric disorders: significant association with opiate abuse and dependence (2016)

Objectives α2C-adrenoceptors (α2C-AR) are involved in behavioural responses relevant to psychiatric disorders and suicide completion. The genetic polymorphism α2CDel322-325-AR confers a loss-of-function phenotype. Functional human studies have associated α2CDel322-325-AR polymorphism with major depression pathophysiology. The aim of this study was to analyse, for the first time, the association of α2CDel322-325-AR polymorphism with suicide completion and with related psychiatric disorders: major depression, schizophrenia, opiate and alcohol abuse and dependence. Methods Post-mortem brain DNA was extracted (n = 516) and genotyping performed by HaeIII restriction endonuclease digestion of PCR products and DNA fragment analysis on capillary sequencer. Amplified products were sequenced to confirm the presence of the polymorphism. Results The frequency of α2CDel322-325-AR in suicide (9%, n = 236) and non-suicide victims (11%, n = 280) was similar. Genotype frequencies for the α2CDel322-325-AR polymorphism in depressed (15%, n = 39) and schizophrenic subjects (18%, n = 39) were higher than in controls (7%, n = 187), but these differences did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.125 and P = 0.063, respectively). A selective and significant association of α2CDel322-325-AR polymorphism with opiate abuse and dependence was found (23%, n = 35, P = 0.011). Conclusions Our results indicate that α2CDel322-325-AR may play a role in the pathophysiology of opiate abuse and dependence and raise the interest for larger genetic associative studies.
Metal‐Bridged Polymers as Insoluble Multicomponent Asymmetric Catalysts with High Enantiocontrol: An Approach for the Immobilization of Catalysts without Using any Support (2003)

Chirale Al- oder Ti-verbrückte Polymere wurden erstmals durch metallvermittelte Selbstorganisation von (R,R)-6,6′-Bi(binol) hergestellt (binol=1,1′-Bi-2-naphthol). Der Ligand kann über zwei Paare phenolischer Hydroxyfunktionen an Metallzentren binden (siehe Schema, X=OH oder O). Dabei entstehen Koordinationspolymere, die asymmetrische Michael-Reaktionen und Carbonyl-En-Reaktionen mit hoher Enantioselektivität vermitteln. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2003/z52354_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Einphasige Polymerlegierungen aus Polyvinylchlorid und neuen Polymeren (2006)

Zur Modifizierung der Eigenschaften von Polymer-Werkstoffen gewinnt zunehmend das „Legieren”︁ von Polymeren an Bedeutung. Kennzeichnend für Polymerlegierungen ist ihre Phasigkeit. Vollständige, partielle oder fehlende Verträglichkeiten von Polymeren führen zu unterschiedlichen Phasigkeiten der Legierungen. Zur Analyse der Phasigkeit eignen sich unter anderem dynamisch-mechanische Methoden: Danach sind Polymerlegierungen einphasig, wenn nur ein diskreter Schubmodul-Abfall zu beobachten ist, auch wenn sich dieser über einen breiteren Temperaturbereich erstreckt als bei den Mischungskomponenten. Aliphatische (Polyester)-polycarbonate und Tetramethylbisphenol-A-polycarbonat sind neuartige, mit PVC verträgliche Polymer-Modifikatoren. Die (Polyester)-polycarbonate (aus Adipinsäure, 1,6-Hexandiol, Neopentandiol und Diphenylcarbonat) ergeben mit PVC einphasige Legierungen, die oberhalb der Mischungs-Glasübergangstemperaturen die Charakteristiken von Weich-PVC und weit unterhalb dieser Temperatur noch Zähigkeitseigenschaften aufweisen. Das besondere Hochtemperaturverhalten des harzartigen Tetramethylbisphenol-A-polycarbonats ermöglicht die Herstellung von Legierungen mit erhöhter Wärmeformbeständigkeit.
Prospectively Randomized Evaluation of Stentless Versus Conventional Biological Aortic Valves (1999)

Background —The aim of this prospectively randomized study was to evaluate left ventricular hypertrophy and its regression after stentless versus conventional biological aortic valve replacement. Methods and Results —From March 1996 through April 1998, 180 patients were prospectively selected; 106 patients received a stentless aortic valve (SAV), and 74 received a conventional stented bioprosthesis (CSB). Of these patients, 95% and 96%, respectively, had aortic stenosis. Their mean age was 72.3 and 74.8 years, and there were no significant differences in left ventricular function, preoperative pressure gradients, and NYHA functional status. Aortic annulus diameter indexes were comparable at 13.46 (SAV) versus 13.55 (CSB) mm ( P =NS). Larger SAVs were implanted because of the oversizing technique. In-hospital mortality (n=3 and 1 for SAV and CSB) was not valve related. At follow-up, all patients were in NYHA class 1 or 2. Baseline end-diastolic left ventricular posterior wall thickness was 15.6 (SAV) and 14.8(CSB) mm ( P =NS) and decreased to 11.8 (SAV) and 13.2 (CSB) mm ( P <0.05) at 6 months. Left ventricular mass index was 213 and 202 g/m 2 at baseline ( P =NS), whereas after 6 months, it was 141 (SAV) and 170 (CSB) g/m 2 ( P <0.05). Conclusions —Regression of left ventricular hypertrophy occurs in all patients after aortic valve replacement but is significantly enhanced after SAV implantation. This possibly is due to improved transvalvular hemodynamics.
Bad Popcorn in Big Buckets: Portion Size Can Influence Intake as Much as Taste (2003)

Objective: It is often believed that people overeat the foods they like. We investigated whether environmental cues such as packaging and container size are so powerful that they can increase our intake of foods that are less palatable. Design, Setting, and Participants: In a 2 x 2 between-subjects design, 158 moviegoers in Philadelphia (57.6% male; 28.7 years) were randomly given a medium (120 g) or a large (240 g) container of free popcorn that was either fresh or stale (14 days old). Following the movie, consumption measures were taken, along with measures of perceived taste. Outcome Measures and Results: Moviegoers who were given fresh popcorn ate 45.3% more popcorn when it was given to them in large containers. This container-size influence is so powerful that even when the popcorn was disliked, people still ate 33.6% more popcorn when eating from a large container than from a medium-size container. Conclusions and Implications: Even when foods are not palatable, large packages and containers can lead to overeating. The silver lining of these findings may be that portion size can also be used to increase the consumption of less preferred healthful foods, such as raw vegetables. ©2005 Society for Nutrition Education.
Aqueous and solvent developed negative-tone molecular resists (2010)

A series of negative tone molecular resists was investigated for use in both organic solvent and aqueous base development. Molecular resists designed purely for solvent development showed half-pitch resolution down to 25 nm with sensitivities of 50 μC/cm<sup>2</sup> and LER (3σ) down to 2.3 nm. Aqueous developable designs that used epoxide functionalized molecules that are intrinsically water soluble showed improved contrast and comparable sensitivity, but suffered from significant dewetting during baking due to their low molecular weight and high polarity. This inability to form high quality films prevented their use as high resolution resists. Aqueous developable designs that used molecules with both cross-linking and base solubilizing groups were also investigated; the initial example of this design is DPA- 2Ep, a molecular resist containing two epoxides and one carboxylic acid per molecule. It formed high quality films and showed improved contrast compared to the purely solvent developed designs. Even after complete cross-linking of the epoxide groups, several free carboxylic acids still remained in the network. These free acids tend to imbibe developer and appear to retain the tetramethylammonium carboxylates even after rinsing and drying the film. This imbibing of developer leads to significant failure during high resolution patterning due to swelling.
Studies on the Coat Protein Genes of Four Isolates of Citrus Tristeza Closterovirus from India: Cloning, Sequencing and Expression (1993)

Four isolates of citrus tristeza closterovirus (CTV) from India causing stem pitting and vein flecking symptoms in lime, lemon, citron, sweet orange and grapefruit were used in this study. Two isolates caused severe stem pitting in mandarins, rough lemon and Cleopatra mandarin. The CTV coat protein gene (CPG) was selectively amplified by polymerase chain reaction from infected tissue extracts, cloned into the pUC 118 phagemid vector and sequenced. There was more than 90% similarity at the nucleotide level and above 95% at the deduced amino acid level among the sequences of these isolates. When compared to T36, a severe isolate from Florida, the same amino acid changes were found consistently at seven positions in all four Indian isolates. The coding region of the CPG of isolate B227 was expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) pLysS using the pETH3a vector. The identity of the E. coli expressed coat protein (ECP) was confirmed by Western blot analysis using polyclonal antibodies and MCA-13, a monoclonal antibody. Polyclonal antibodies raised against partially purified ECP expressed at 29 C reacted well with ECP and with CTV-infected tissue. The ECP can be produced in large quantities and can serve as a good source of antigen for production of antibodies and for use as a positive control in serological reactions.
Long-term Arm Morbidity after Radial Artery Harvesting for Coronary Bypass Operation (2004)

It appears that severe arm disability early after RA harvesting is likely to dissolve with time. Our favorable late follow-up results support the continuation of the employment of the RA as a conduit for coronary artery bypass grafting operations.
Bronchial mucosal inflammation and illness severity in response to experimental rhinovirus infection in COPD (2020)

Experimental RV infection induces bronchial mucosal eosinophilia and neutrophilia only in patients with COPD and monocytes/macrophages and lymphocytes in both patients with COPD and control subjects. The virus-induced inflammatory cell phenotypes observed in COPD positively related to virus load and illness severity. Antiviral/anti-inflammatory therapies could attenuate bronchial inflammation and ameliorate virus-induced COPD exacerbations.
A clinical study of intravenous immunoglobulin therapy for childhood idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. (1989)

Eight children with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, who responded poorly to the conventional therapy or who already had severe side-effects, were treated with high dose intravenous immunoglobulin. Six of the 8 patients already had chronic diseases (disease duration longer than 6 months) when they entered into this study. Six patients had elevated platelet counts greater than 30 x 10(9)/L (the responders) after immunoglobulin induction therapy (2 g/kg immunoglobulin), and the average peak platelet counts were 231 x 10(9)/L. Two short-term pretreated patients were cured, 2 patients were in a drug-free state (platelet counts ranging from 50 to 150 x 10(9)/L), but another 2 responders did not benefit from the maintenance immunoglobulin therapy (0.5 g/kg/dose). From our preliminary results, high dose intravenous immunoglobulin seemed effective in all short-term pretreated and some chronic cases. It is worth trying immunoglobulin therapy when conventional therapies are not satisfactory.
Immunological and pathological study of anti‐Ri–associated encephalopathy (1994)

A patient with high titers of the anti-Ri antibody died 3 years after a progressive course with ataxia, opsoclonus, dementia, and peripheral neuropathy. At autopsy, no tumor was found. The nervous system exhibited severe Purkinje cell loss and contained perivascular and interstitial inflammatory infiltrates, particularly involving the brainstem. B and CD4 cells predominated in the perivascular spaces and CD8 cells in the interstitial infiltrates. Complement reactivity and natural killer cells were present and predominated in areas with more intense inflammatory infiltrates. Deposits of IgG were detected in the cytoplasm and nuclei of some neurons, particularly those in the brainstem tegmentum. The proportion of anti-Ri IgG in the total IgG extracted from various areas of the brain, serum, and cerebrospinal fluid was determined by quantitative western blot analysis. Anti-Ri reactivity was identified in immunoblots of all regions of the brain, but it predominated in basis pontis and dorsal mesencephalon. Our findings support the hypothesis of an autoimmune basis for the disorder and suggest that an antibody-mediated mechanism may play a role in its pathogenesis.
PAAVE: Protocol for Anonymous Authentication in Vehicular Networks Using Smart Cards (2010)

Vehicular communications are envisioned to play a substantial role in providing safety in transportation by means of safety message exchange. However, the deployment of vehicular networks is strongly dependent on security and privacy features. In this paper, we present a Protocol for Anonymous Authentication in Vehicular Networks (PAAVE) to address the issue of privacy preservation with authority traceability in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). The proposed protocol is based on smart cards to generate on-the-fly anonymous keys between vehicles and Roadside units (RSUs). PAAVE is lightweight and provides fast anonymous authentication and location privacy while requiring a vehicle to store one cryptographic key. We demonstrate the merits gained by the proposed protocol through extensive analysis and show that PAAVE outperforms existing schemes.
ChemInform Abstract: Temporary Sulfur Connection in an Intramolecular SN2 Reaction. A Stereocontrolled Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Kainic Acid. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: COMPETING REACTION PATHWAYS IN THE CYCLOADDITION OF 3‐(DIMETHYLAMINO)‐2H‐AZIRINES WITH KETENES (1980)

Abstract Dimethylketen (II) reagiert mit den Azirinen (I) zu Mischungen der Addukte (III), (IV) und (V) sowie‐geringen Anteilen des Benzazepins (XII).
Component Dynamics in Miscible Blends of 1,4-Polyisoprene and 1,2-Polybutadiene (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComponent Dynamics in Miscible Blends of 1,4-Polyisoprene and 1,2-PolybutadieneJeffrey A. Zawada, Gerald G. Fuller, Ralph H. Colby, Lewis J. Fetters, and Jacques RooversCite this: Macromolecules 1994, 27, 23, 6861–6870Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1994https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00101a026RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views312Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts