gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photoimmunosuppression (2002)

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation can exert a variety of biological effects, including induction of skin cancer, premature skin ageing and inhibition of the immune system. The immunosuppressive properties of UV radiation are of major biological relevance since suppression of the immune system by UV radiation is not only responsible for the exacerbation of infectious diseases following UV exposure, but also contributes to the induction of skin cancer. Hence, understanding of the mechanisms by which UV radiation compromises the immune system is of primary importance. UV radiation suppresses the immune system in multiple ways. It inhibits antigen presentation, stimulates the release of immunosuppressive cytokines and induces the generation of lymphocytes of the suppressor subtype. In the following, some of the basic mechanisms underlying UV-induced immunosuppression will be discussed.
Caspase Inhibition after Neonatal Ischemia in the Rat Brain (2003)

Caspase-3 has been identified as a key protease in the execution of apoptosis and appears to be an important downstream event after hypoxia-ischemia in the immature brain. The efficacy of a pan-caspase inhibitor, boc-aspartyl-(Ome)-fluoromethyl-ketone (BAF), was tested in a model of unilateral focal ischemia with reperfusion in 7-day-old rats. The BAF inhibitor was given intraperitoneally 5 minutes before reperfusion via the carotid artery. This procedure reduced the activity of caspase-3 by 79% but did not induce a significant reduction in infarct volume (23.8 +/- 7.5% versus 30.1 +/- 6.4%). Animals were distributed in two populations. One population exhibited an infarct, whereas the other appeared to be fully protected. BAF-treated animals exhibiting an infarct mostly displayed necrotic cell death, whereas apoptotic nuclei were observed in untreated or vehicle-treated animals. Repeated dose of BAF (5 minutes before and 9 hours after reperfusion) did not also provide benefit after neonatal ischemia, although a general trend to reduce lesion was observed (20.5 +/- 3.7% versus 34.4 +/- 5.9%). These findings raise critical questions about the use of peptide ketone apoptotic inhibitors in improving histopathologic outcomes after neonatal stroke.
TRADING PLACES WITH BISPHENOL A (2008)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTTRADING PLACES WITH BISPHENOL ABPA-based polymers' useful properties make them TOUGH MATERIALS TO REPLACEMITCH JACOBYView Author Information C&EN CHICAGOCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2008, 86, 50, 31–33Publication Date (Print):December 15, 2008Publication History Published online14 November 2010Published inissue 15 December 2008https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v086n050.p031https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v086n050.p031newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 2008 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views27Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Materials,Thermoresponsive polymers Get e-Alerts
Aerial Thermography - Cartographic Presentation Of Thermographic Data For Building Applications (1989)

When using aerial thermography to indicate energy-related conditions of buildings in a large investigation area the question arises how to store and present the final product of classified, energy-related data. A full scale study of 7000 buildings demonstrated the need fur computerbased systems and cartographic methods to store, to arrange and to illustrate thermograpic data. A data base was created including aerial thermograpic data, technical data on the buildings and information on energy consumption of each building. The data base consisted of 100 variables. The key-code for the data base was the real estate name and number. The position of each building was given in terms of coordinates of the real estate. The main purpose of the study was to create an energy-related data base to be used for assigning a priority to measurements within the local energy conservation program. The thermographic data was collected with a longwave airborne infrared line-scanner (3-14 um). The technical data on the buildings and their energy consumption were gathered from existing data bases and from field investigations. Thermograpic data, technical data of the buildings and information on energy consumption was classified and different symbols were used to identify the classes presented on thematic maps. Results from this study implies that computerbased cartography is a favorable method to present and illustrate thermographic information on buildings in large investigation areas. The paper deals mainly with the aspect of carthography for presentation of thermographic and energy-related data.
Optically Switched Pulsed X-Ray Generator (1972)

A pulsed x-ray generator was constructed which makes use of a cold cathode consisting of a photocathode and the dynode assembly from a photomulitplier tube. The device is switched by a light source incident on the photocathode. Tests indicate that the output intensity of the x-ray pulse follows in time the intensity of the light pulse for pulse widths as short as a few tens of nanoseconds.
A New Framework for Multi-Source Geo-Social Based Mobile Classifieds Searches (2010)

Classifieds searches on smartphones have great potential to provide more relevant results, higher flexibility and better usability compared to their desktop counterparts. In this paper, we present a new framework for mobile classifies searches with a collection of efficient and effective methods for utilizing geolocation information, creating integrated, coherent results from multiple sources, and incorporating third party social network services. The framework provides support to a rich variety of classified searches on smartphones. Based on this framework, we have developed a location-aware classifieds search iPhone application, NearBuy, which enables users to quickly locate prospective real estate and apartment listings by geolocations. The iPhone application displays results gathered and combined from multiple online sources on an intuitive and easy-to-use map. Additional location-based features enable users to easily explore related information such as neighborhood statistics and photos. Moreover, within a few taps, users are able to browse the website of data source, get direction from his/her location to the real estate and apartment, email and even make a phone call to sellers or landlords directly from the application. NearBuy has received great reviews from the iPhone App community since its release in April 2009.
Sicily, 413–368 B.C. (1994)

In the period between the Peloponnesian War and the accession of Philip of Macedon, it is perhaps the events in Sicily which carry the greatest potential interest. Although in the eastern Mediterranean the military and political battle for the Greeks of Asia Minor continues, Greek civilization there is not in cultural danger; in fact, it continues to expand despite its political subjection. In Sicily it remains unclear whether Greeks, the semitic power of Carthage or some Italian people will come out on top. Politically, Sicily offers a chance to see in operation a possible solution to the Greek political dilemma. The Athenian democracy has failed to expand political control beyond the city state, and Sparta will show that oligarchy is no more successful. In Sicily, monarchy has its chance, and operates on a larger scale than the city state. Dionysius I, with his one-man rule over a large territory, his professional army, and his technological resourcefulness, prefigures the hellenistic period with some clarity. On a different level, it is arguable that much of Plato's political experience is Sicilian experience and that understanding Sicily is a prerequisite for understanding him.
Pharmacogenetics in Gastrointestinal Tumors (2005)

Treatment of gastrointestinal cancers has significantly advanced over the last few years with the introduction of effective chemotherapeutic and targeted drugs. To provide individual treatment with low toxicity on the one hand but maximum benefit on the other hand is still an unsolved problem. Interindividual variation of drug toxicity and efficacy is determined by genetic polymorphisms. The genetic approach based on single-gene (pharmacogenetics) or multi-gene (pharmacogenomics) analyses is developing as a valuable tool to design tailored therapy. This review focuses on clinically significant polymorphisms in genes involved in the metabolism of the major players in the chemotherapy of gastrointestinal cancer: fluoropyrimidines, irinotecan and platinum. In addition, first results of pharmacogenetics in targeted therapy including cetuximab and bevacizumab are discussed. The pharmacogenetic approach to individualize therapy in gastrointestinal cancers is promising, but additional larger and controlled studies are needed to justify changes of treatment strategies.
Kubelka-Munk optical properties of a barium sulfate white reflectance standard (1977)

We have measured the Kubelka-Munk scattering and absorption coefficients for a barium sulfate white reflectance standard. These measurements have been based on measurements of the absolute reflectance for the particular barium sulfate samples whose scattering and absorption coefficients were measured. This method gives results that are different from earlier measurements; the differences are significant for measurements of the optical properties of atmospheric aerosols.
Mutual solubilities: water-glycol ethers and water-glycol esters (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMutual solubilities: water-glycol ethers and water-glycol estersRichard M. StephensonCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1993, 38, 1, 134–138Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/je00009a033https://doi.org/10.1021/je00009a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views509Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Stress Migration Lifetime for Cu Interconnects With CoWP-Only Cap (2006)

Stress migration lifetime is characterized for a CoWP-only cap process (i.e., no dielectric cap) and a CoWP + SiN cap process. For the CoWP-only process, the stress migration lifetime depends on the CoWP thickness. In order to achieve a long stress migration lifetime, the CoWP must be sufficiently thick to protect the Cu during the via etch and strip processes. The data suggests that CoWP removal is enhanced beneath partially landed vias, resulting in reduced stress migration lifetime.
Antagonism of the foliar uptake of glyphosate into grasses by organosilicone surfactants. Part 1: Effects of plant species, formulation, concentrations and timing of application (1993)

Abstract Radiolabelled glyphosate was used to investigate the antagonistic effects of an organosilicone surfactant, ‚Silwet’︁® L‐77™, on the foliar uptake of the formulated herbicide into four grass species, over a 24‐h time‐course. While the effect of L‐77 addition was generally to increase the initial rate of uptake of glyphosate, thereafter the rate was slowed or even halted, such that an overall decrease in uptake was evident as early as 4 h after application in one of the species tested. Further extensive studies on wheat investigated L‐77 effects on uptake of the herbicide as both the pure mono‐isopropylammonium salt, and as the formulated product containing a tallow amine polyethoxylate surfactant. The addition of L‐77 initially increased, but after 1 h reduced the rate of glyphosate uptake, regardless of formulation. There was no evidence that antagonism resulted from any surfactant interaction between the organosilicone adjuvant and the tallow amine co‐formulant. Antagonism was directly related to the concentration of L‐77, and inversely related to that of the formulated herbicide and of its tallow amine co‐formulant. Applied prior to glyphosate application, L‐77 reduced the amount of herbicide in the foliage, and failed to increase substantially the initial rate of uptake. When applied after the a.i., instant enhancement of glyphosate uptake took place with some stomatal infiltration observed, but thereafter no significant cuticular penetration occurred. The mechanisms by which L‐77 could interfere with the cuticular penetration of glyphosate are discussed in light of these results.
Square-Rooting Algorithms for High-Speed Digital Circuits (1985)

Two binary algorithms for the square rooting of a number or of a sum of two numbers are presented. They are based on the classical nonrestoring method. The main difference lies in the replacement of subtractions and additions by a parallel reduction f three summands, which may be positive and negative, to two summands to eliminate the carry propagation. Two of three summands form the successive partial remainder. Their most significant bit triples, sometimes together with a sign bit of the earlier partial remainder, are used to determine digits -1,0, +1 of a redundant square-root notation. These digits are transformed during the square-rooting process into the conventional notation square-root bits which are next used in further square-rooting steps to form the third reduced summands.
Optimal Pattern Matching in LZW Compressed Strings (2013)

We consider the following variant of the classical pattern matching problem: given an uncompressed pattern p [1.. m ] and a compressed representation of a string t [1.. N ], does p occur in t ? When t is compressed using the LZW method, we are able to detect the occurrence in optimal linear time, thus answering a question of Amir et al. [1994]. Previous results implied solutions with complexities O ( n log m + m ) Amir et al. [1994], O ( n + m 1+ε ) [Kosaraju 1995], or (randomized) O ( n log Nn + m ) [Farach and Thorup 1995], where n is the size of the compressed representation of t . Our algorithm is conceptually simple and fully deterministic.
Depth Coefficients for Depth Completion (2019)

Depth completion involves estimating a dense depth image from sparse depth measurements, often guided by a color image. While linear upsampling is straight forward, it results in depth pixels being interpolated in empty space across discontinuities between objects. Current methods use deep networks to maintain gaps between objects. Nevertheless depth smearing remains a challenge. We propose a new representation for depth called Depth Coefficients (DC) to address this problem. It enables convolutions to more easily avoid inter-object depth mixing. We also show that the standard Mean Squared Error (MSE) loss function can promote depth mixing, and so we propose instead to use cross-entropy loss for DC. Both quantitative and qualitative evaluation are conducted on benchmarks, and we show that switching out sparse depth input and MSE loss functions with our DC representation and loss is a simple way to improve performance, reduce pixel depth mixing and can improve object detection.
A 32kbps ADPCM with improvement in coding characteristics for 9600bps modem signal (2005)

This paper describes a new 32 kbps ADPCM CODEC which shows high-quality speech coding characteristics and data transmission capability up to 9600 bps. The proposed ADPCM CODEC consists of two coding modes. The first coding mode can code the speech signal and the data transmission signal up to 4800 bps by using the coding algorithm of CCITT recommendation G.721. The second coding algorithm is tuned to handle the 9600 bps modem signal. These two coding modes are automatically switched depending on the input signal to the CODEC. The switching algorithm is based on detection of modem training signal and is found to be highly reliable in practical environments. This algorithm thus provides a means to be compatible with the standard CCITT algorithm for speech and data transmission up to 4800 bps and at the same time be transparent to data transmission at 9600 bps.
Influence of egg size, eggshell quality, and hatch and placement times on the performance of broiler chickens (1984)

Small (48-54 g) and large (58-64 g) or low (≤1.070) and high specific gravity (≥1.080) eggs from broiler breeder flocks were used. The hatching sequence was divided into four periods with 25% of the chicks being hatched in each period. One-half of each group was weighed and returned to the hatcher and the remainder were placed in floor pens. Hatch-held chicks were removed at 21 days, l2 hrs, weighed and placed in floor pens. Effect of two post-hatch holding times (0 and 30 hrs) on bursa and spleen weights were measured through 35 days of age. Hematocrits, heterophil/lymphocyte ratios, plasma proteins and glucose were measured through 11 days of age. Broilers from large vs small eggs were 10% heavier and had lower mortality at 49 days of age. Chicks that were held for extended time in the hatcher had lower body weights throughout the growing period. Held chicks had 1.6% (Exp 1) and 2.1% (Exp 2) lighter body weights at 49 days of age than removed chicks. No effect on body weight was observed for egg specific gravity. Relative bursa and spleen weights were lower in held chicks through 14 days of age. Total plasma protein (TPP) and glucose levels were higher in the held chicks at 1, but lower at 3 days of age. Heterophil/lymphocyte ratios were higher in held females at 3 and 5 days and males at 3 days of age. Females had higher TPP levels through 5 days and hematocrits through 11 days of age.
The Platelet Cytoskeleton (1993)

The platelet cytoskeleton contains two actin filament-based components. One is the cytoplasmic actin filaments which fill the cytoplasm and mediate contractile events. The other is the membrane skeleton, which coats the plasma membrane and regulates properties of the membrane such as its contours and stability. In the unstimulated platelet, only 30-40% of the actin is polymerized into filaments; the rest is thought to be prevented from polymerizing by the association of thymosin beta 4 with monomeric actin and by the association of gelsolin with the barbed ends of pre-existing actin filaments. When platelets are activated, there is a rapid increase in actin polymerization; new filaments fill the extending filopodia and form a network at the periphery of the platelet. As a result of activation, myosin binds to cytoplasmic actin filaments, causing them to move towards the center of the platelet. As platelets aggregate, additional cytoskeletal reorganizations occur: GP IIb-IIIa associates with adhesive ligand in a platelet aggregate; this results in the association of GP IIb-IIIa, membrane skeleton proteins, and signaling molecules with cytoplasmic actin. Future studies should help to elucidate the significance of the cytoskeleton in regulating signal transduction events in platelets.
High spectral resolution, photon counting detector for Doppler temperature measurements in magnetically confined plasmas (1987)

This paper describes the design, construction, and performance of a single-stage microchannel-plate image intensifier used as a photon counting detector over the wavelength range from 1150 to ∼2000 Å. The intensifer incorporates three high strip current (∼300 μA) microchannel plates, constructed with 12-μ-diam channels and 15-μ center–center spacing, in a ‘‘Z’’ configuration. The use of high strip current MCPs requires gating the power supply to protect the plates from thermal runaway of the strip current. The output pulses are proximity focused onto a P-46 phosphor screen, which is fiber-optically coupled to a linear, self-scanning photodiode array. Maximum frame rates for the photodiode array are ∼ 125 000 frames/s, with maximum count rates of ∼25 000 photoevents/s. The detector was placed at the focal plane of a 1-m focal length Ebert–Fastie spectrometer and the performance characteristics of the spectrometer-detector system were evaluated using a hollow cathode Pt lamp. The linewidths measured during this evaluation demonstrate that the spatial resolution of the detector is better than 50 μ. The spectrometer-detector system was then used to determine ion temperatures from Doppler broadened impurity lines emitted from plasmas of the Alcator C tokamak. This detector demonstrated more than an order of magnitude increase in sensitivity compared to a photon-counting photomultiplier tube with a vibrating mirror previously used for these measurements with the same spectrometer. This permitted a determination of the central ion temperature of the Alcator C tokamak using the ‘‘forbidden’’ line of Fe xii at 1354.1 Å which was not detected with the previous system.
The potential role of appetite in predicting weight changes during treatment with olanzapine (2010)

This report represents secondary analyses of 4 clinical studies. Studies 1, 2, and 3 were registered at http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/home, under NCT00190749, NCT00303602, and NCT00401973, respectively. Study 4 predates the registration requirements for observational studies that are not classified as category 1 observational studies.
Issues on deterministic transformation of logic-based program specification (2002)

Issues of logic-based program transformation are discussed, and a method for transforming a source program expressed as a set of extended Horn clauses into a target program in an Algol-like procedural language is presented. The potential applications of this transformation method include (1) automatic synthesis of programs from design specifications which are either written in or translatable into extended Horn logic clauses, (2) adaptation of existing logic programs to a procedural execution environment in order to improve execution efficiency or facilitate reusability of the software, and (3) support of a hybrid-programming environment.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>