gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of timing and height of defoliation on the grain yield of barley, wheat, oats and canola in Western Australia (2015)

Winter cropping in Western Australia (WA) is dominated by spring-type cereals and canola (Brassica napus L.) with no vernalisation requirement that are sown in late autumn (late April and May). With limited earlier sowing opportunities for later maturing winter-type crops in early autumn, farmers aiming to obtain some benefit from the grazing of crops (i.e. dual-purpose) must consider the grazing potential of spring types sown in late autumn. The aim of this study was to develop grazing guidelines for spring-type crops in WA that will limit the potential for grain yield losses. In order to determine the recovery response of spring-type crops to grazing intensity and timing, 59 time-of-cutting × height-of-cutting experiments were conducted throughout the south-western region of WA in 2012. Experiments were conducted on spring types of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), canola and oats (Avena sativa L.). Multi-site analysis showed that treatments simulating high-intensity ‘crash’ grazing to ground level or to a height of 5 cm reduced grain yield unless conducted early in vegetative growth before reproductive stages. Treatments simulating ‘clip’ grazing by removing only the top 5–10 cm of crop foliage reduced grain yield to a lesser extent than crash grazing, and in several instances could extend the safe cutting period past hollow stem (Zadoks growth stage 30) and/or the end of July for cereals, or past mid-July for spring canola, provided the developing reproductive parts of all crops were not damaged. On average, the amounts of biomass removed by clip grazing without yield penalty were 0.4, 0.3, 0.5 and 0.3 t ha–1 for barley, wheat, oats and canola and were similar to those removed by earlier, safe crash grazing. These represent significant amounts of forage and suggest that clip grazing of spring-type crops may be an approach suited to WA cropping and grazing systems.
Clonality of dysplastic epithelium in colorectal adenomas from familial adenomatous polyposis patients. (1997)

Loss of function of both alleles of the APC gene results in colorectal adenoma formation in familial adenomatous polyposis, an autosomal dominant genetic disorder leading to multiple colorectal tumors at an early age. Previous molecular studies indicate that the mutant cells forming dysplastic epithelium within adenomas are clonally derived. We show, using immunostaining and molecular techniques, that the dysplastic epithelium of adenomas actually contains a mixture of cells derived from both mutant and normal stem cells. Well-differentiated mucous cells in the dysplastic epithelium, one of the indicators of severity of dysplasia, were derived from normal stem cells. Carcinomas in these patients, in contrast, contained only mutant cells, indicating that the subsequent mutations incurred by these cells have led to their isolation from the normal population.
Resolution of enantiomers of cis- and trans-fused C60-enone [2+2] photoadducts (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTResolution of enantiomers of cis- and trans-fused C60-enone [2+2] photoadductsStephen R. Wilson, Yunhui Wu, Nikolas A. Kaprinidis, David I. Schuster, and Christopher J. WelchCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 24, 6548–6549Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00076a007https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00076a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views132Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Collateral Blood Flow in the Distal Ileum of Neonatal Piglets: A Clue to the Pathogenesis of Necrotizing Enterocolitis (1992)

Normal blood flow was measured in two regions of the ileum (distal and proximal) of normal birth weight (NBW) and low birth weight (LBW) neonatal piglets. Compensatory collateral blood flow in response to occlusion of vessels in the mesenteric vascular arcades was also measured in distal and proximal ileum of NBW and LBW neonatal piglets. Under normal control conditions the blood flow in the distal ileum of NBW piglets is reduced (40% less than proximal) and in LBW animals this reduction is greater (55% less than proximal). Both proximal and distal ileum of NBW animals but the proximal ileum only of LBW animals could mount compensatory collateral flow, whereas the distal ileum of LBW animals was unable to do so. This decompensation in LBW distal ileum may explain the predilection of NEC lesions for the distal ileum and proximal colon.
Cloning, mapping, and expression of genes involved in the fatty acid-degradative multienzyme complex of Escherichia coli (1984)

Two protein subunits (42,000 and 78,000 daltons) encoded by the fadAB genes form a multifunctional enzyme complex containing thiolase, 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase, crotonase , epimerase, and isomerase activities (S. Pawar and H. Schulz, J. Biol. Chem. 256:3894-3899, 1981). In an attempt to characterize the structural organization and regulatory properties of these genes, a 5.2-kilobase pair fragment containing the fadAB genes has been isolated. Plasmids containing this fragment (i) complement mutations in the fadAB genes; (ii) overproduce by 10- to 50-fold thiolase, 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase and crotonase ; and (iii) specify a 42,000- and a 78,000-dalton protein. The fadA gene, which encodes the 42,000-dalton protein, has been localized within the original clone to a 3.3-kilobase pair fragment. Thiolase activity, which is encoded by the 42,000-dalton protein, was not observed in the absence of the 78,000-dalton protein, suggesting that an intact complex is required for function. Transposon Tn5 insertional mutagenesis of the cloned fadAB genes has demonstrated that both fadA and fadB are transcribed as a single transcriptional unit with the direction of transcription from fadA to fadB . The molecular cloning and characterization of the fadAB region confirm the original genetic contention that the genes encoding the proteins for the multifunctional complex form an operon.
Predictive Prevention of Loss of Vehicle Control for Roadway Departure Avoidance (2012)

In this paper, we investigate predictive approaches to the problem of roadway departure prevention via automated steering and braking. We assume a sensing infrastructure detecting road geometry and consider a two-layer accident avoidance framework consisting of a threat assessment and an intervention layer. A novel active safety function for prevention of loss of vehicle control is proposed and implemented using the considered accident avoidance framework. Simulation and experimental results are presented, showing that the proposed approach effectively exploits road preview information to prevent the vehicle from operating in regions of the state space where standard electronic stability control systems are normally activated.
Manejo de la displasia en enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (2005)

Medwave es una revista electrónica revisada por pares y de acceso gratuito, que contiene artículos originales de revisión sobre determinantes clínicos, sociales, políticos y económicos en salud, y de investigación en el ámbito clínico y biomédico. Medwave is an online-only, peer-reviewed and open Access biomedical general journal with original review articles con clinical, social, political and economic determinants of health, and research articles on clinical and biomedical aspects.
40 mg Pantoprazole and 40 mg Esomeprazole Are Equivalent in the Healing of Esophageal Lesions and Relief from Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease???related Symptoms (2004)

In patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease, 40 mg pantoprazole daily and 40 mg esomeprazole daily are equally effective for healing of esophageal lesions and relieving gastroesophageal reflux disease-related symptoms.
Optimal Design of the Power-Delivery Network for Multiple Voltage-Island System-on-Chips (2009)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> This paper introduces techniques for power-efficient design of power-delivery network (PDN) in multiple voltage-island system-on-chip (SoC) designs. The first technique is targeted to SoC designs with static-voltage assignment, while the second technique is pertinent to SoC designs with dynamic-voltage scaling (DVS) capability. Conventionally, a single-level configuration of dc–dc converters, where exactly one converter resides between the power source and each load, is used to deliver currents at appropriate voltage levels to different loads on the chip. In the presence of DVS capability, each dc–dc converter in this network should be able to adjust its output voltage. In the first part of this paper, it is shown that, in a SoC design with static-voltage assignment, a multilevel tree topology of suitably chosen dc–dc converters between the power source and loads can result in higher power efficiency in the PDN. The problem is formulated as a combinatorial problem and is efficiently solved by dynamic programming. In the second part of this paper, a new technique is presented to design the PDN for a SoC design to support DVS. In this technique, the PDN is composed of two layers. In the first layer, dc–dc converters with fixed output voltages are used to generate all voltage levels that are needed by different loads in the SoC design. In the second layer of the PDN, a power-switch network is used to dynamically connect the power-supply terminals of each load to the appropriate dc–dc converter output in the first layer. Experimental results demonstrate the efficacy of both techniques. </para>
[A case of small cell lung cancer associated with pulmonary sarcoidosis]. (1991)

A 63-year-old man with pulmonary sarcoidosis, diagnosed by mediastinal lymph node biopsy in 1977, was admitted in Feb. 1987 because of shortness of breath and cough. Chest X-ray showed bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy and a tumor shadow in the right lung field. Histological examination of specimens biopsied from the right lung revealed small cell carcinoma (S.C.C.). Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed to evaluate the disease activity of sarcoidosis, and the total number of cells and T-lymphocytes; the ratio of CD4+ cells to CD8+ cells was not increased. He was treated with combination chemotherapy, however, he died of respiratory failure after 7 months. An autopsy was performed, and the lesions were examined histologically. The sarcoid lesion in a lymph node obtained at autopsy was not active, in contrast to that obtained by mediastinal lymph node biopsy. Lung cancer and sarcoidosis are both common diseases, but their coexistence in the same patient is not common, and autopsied cases are rare. In this case, an autopsy was performed, and BAL had been performed prior to his death. The relationship between the BAL findings and the histology of sarcoidosis was examined. Based on the results of autopsy and BAL, the sarcoidosis was inactive prior to death, but had been histologically active 10 years previously. Therefore, this is a very interesting case, since we can examine the relationship between the two diseases, and the progression of each disease. This case also provides an interesting example of differentiation of sarcoidosis from S.C.C. Metastatic invasion of the hilar lymph nodes without bronchial stenosis and changes secondary to stenosis may often occur in patients with small cell lung cancer. Such metastatic invasion closely resembles the bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy of sarcoidosis; therefore, in some cases, it may be extremely difficult to differentiate the two diseases.
[The entero-insular axis: the new incretin candidate glucagon-like peptide-1(7-36)amide (GLP-1(7-36))amide]. (1988)

The functional connection between the gut and pancreatic islets is described by the term "enteroinsular axis". A humoral factor of the gut that might enhance the glucose-induced secretion of insulin is named "incretin". For many years glucose-dependent insulin-releasing polypeptide (GIP) was the strongest incretin candidate. However, recent evidence suggests that glucagon-like peptide-1(7-36)amide represents a more potent physiological incretin. The sequence of GLP-1 is identical in various mammals including man. The 7-36 sequence of the original peptide is a potent insulin-releasing peptide in vitro and in vivo. GLP-1(7-36)amide was found in the human bowel; its circulating level rises in answer to oral glucose and after meals. Recently, specific high-affinity binding sites for GLP-1(7-36)amide were demonstrated on rat insulinoma-derived RINm5F cells. In this model system for B-cell studies the peptide has potent stimulatory effects on cAMP formation, insulin-mRNA transcript synthesis, and insulin release. Further studies in the insulinotropic action of GLP-1(7-36) amide in health and disease will be of great importance.
The influence of compression and formulation on the hardness, disintegration, dissolution, absorption and excretion of sulphadimidine tablets (1971)

Abstract Sulphadimidine tablets were prepared with different binding agents and compressed at different compression levels, ranging from 200–2000 MNm2. The disintegration time and dissolution rate of the different tablets were determined. Tablets formulated with gelatin or starch mucilage and compressed at 600 MNm2 were selected for in vivo experiments using a urinary excretion method. Although both tablets complied with the disintegration requirements of the British Pharmacopoeia, dissolution rate and urinary excretion showed a difference in availability of drug from the two tablets.
Molecular cloning and characterization of the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor in Drosophila melanogaster. (1992)

We isolated a cDNA encoding an inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (InsP3R) of Drosophila melanogaster. The predicted Drosophila InsP3R (2,833 amino acids) has extensive sequence similarity to the mouse InsP3R. The polypeptide encoded by the cDNA was functionally expressed and showed characteristic InsP3-binding activity. The Drosophila InsP3R gene is located at the region 83A5-9 on the third chromosome and expresses throughout development but predominantly in the adult. Localization of the InsP3R mRNA in adult tissues suggests strong expression in the retina and antenna, indicating the involvement of the InsP3R in visual and olfactory transduction. In addition, the InsP3R mRNA is abundant in the legs and thorax, which are enriched with a muscular system. Such localization is apparently consistent with the quantitatively predominant sites for [3H]InsP3 binding in Drosophila and the fleshfly (Boettcherisca peregrina). The present study points to the likely functional importance of the InsP3/Ca2+ signaling system in Drosophila.
A Study on the Enhancement of Industrial Boiler by Air Flow Control (2017)

Industrial boilers are used in numerous fields, and heat efficiency enhancement is a major topic of study. A double-pipe boiler is a simply structured industrial boiler having a high thermal efficiency. Baffles are specially installed in the doublepipe boiler for increasing the heating time. The baffles determine the heat efficiency of the double-pipe boiler. However, it is theoretically difficult to design a baffle and locate its optimal position, solely by considering the fluid flow of heated air, and the heat exchange between water and heated air. To confirm the correct positioning of baffles, fluid flow and heat transfer simulations were conducted on the boiler. Our results showed that at some points, there was insufficient circulation of heated air. To overcome this problem, baffles were added at these points, by referring to the simulation results. The changing of baffles resulted in an increase in efficiency of heat transfer in the double-pipe boiler.
Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of preferential solvation. Part 5.—Magnesium perchlorate in water + acetone mixtures at 185 K (1975)

A treatment based on n successive equilibria, where n is the solvation number, has been used to interpret low temperature proton magnetic resonance spectra for solutions of magnesium perchlorate in aqueous acetone of very low water content. No evidence was found for a change in solvation number from 6.0 ± 0.4 with increase in acetone/water ratio, as reported by other workers. The experimental results can be represented by an overall equilibrium constant for solvation change of water to acetone of K1/n=(1.1 ± 0.3)× 10–3 and a statistical distribution of solvated species.
A Randomized Comparison of Long-and Short-Axis Imaging for In-Plane Ultrasound-Guided Femoral Perineural Catheter Insertion (2013)

Long-axis in-plane femoral perineural catheters result in a slightly faster onset of sensory anesthesia, but placement takes longer to perform without other clinical advantages.
Enzymatically synthesized polyesters with pendent <scp>OH</scp> groups as macroinitiators for the preparation of well‐defined graft copolymers by atom transfer radical polymerization (2013)

A family of polyesters, poly(glycerol adipate) ( PGA ), poly(sorbitol adipate) and PGA ‐ graft ‐poly( ε ‐caprolactone), bearing OH groups on their backbones were synthesized by enzymatic polycondensation. They were successfully converted into macroinitiators for atom transfer radical polymerization ( ATRP ) by esterification with α ‐bromoisobutyryl bromide. As a proof of concept, glycerol monomethacrylate was polymerized by ATRP from a PGA backbone yielding the amphiphilic graft copolymer PGA ‐ graft ‐poly(glycerol monomethacrylate). Its self‐assembly in aqueous solution was studied using dynamic light scattering. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Functional and Structural Outcomes After Retears of Arthroscopically Repaired Large and Massive Rotator Cuff Tears (2021)

The residual tendon attachment area after a retear was significantly larger at 24 months after surgery than before surgery. In addition, significant associations were confirmed between preoperative fatty degeneration, the residual tendon attachment area, and functional outcomes after a retear. These results may explain why functional outcomes significantly improved even after retears in this series.
Defining Biochemical Recurrence of Prostate Cancer After Radical Prostatectomy: A Proposal for a Standardized Definition (2006)

BCR defined as a PSA value of at least 0.4 ng/mL followed by another increase best explains the development of distant metastasis among 10 candidate definitions, after controlling for clinical variables and the use of secondary therapy. On the basis of this evidence, we propose that this definition be adopted as the standard for reporting the outcome of RP.
Electrophilic Aromatic Selenylation: New OPRT Inhibitors (2010)

2-Ethoxyethaneseleninic acid reacts with electron-rich aromatic substrates to deliver, by way of the selenoxides, the (2-ethoxyethyl)seleno ethers, which can in turn be transformed into a diverse set of aryl-selenylated products. Among these, a family of 5-uridinyl derivatives shows submicromolar inhibition of human and malarial orotate phosphoribosyltransferase.
Study on Anti-scaling Measures in Pipelines of Geothermal Power Station (2017)

In order to study the problem of scaling in pipeline during the development of hydrothermal geothermal resources, geothermal water in Fengshun area is selected as the research subject. The scaling tendency of geothermal water was analyzed through the analysis of water quality and scaling components, and the best scaling inhibitor was selected. The Larson index (LI) and Ryzner index (RI) analysis showed that the geothermal water has a slight scaling tendency. The results of XRD and Micro-CT showed that the main content is CaCO<sub>3</sub> (99.8%). PASP and PESA were chosen to conduct scaling inhibition analysis. At 90°C and 8 h, the scaling inhibition rate of PASP and PESA can reach to 91.3% and 90.1% at the concentration of 15 mg/L, which can meet the practical demand. In view of the high price and poor economy of PASP, it is suggested that PESA be chosen as the green environmental protection scaling inhibitor for this type of geothermal water.
Quantitative evaluation of nucleolar features on cytologic material in brain tumor diagnosis. (1995)

Nucleolar-related features were quantified in toluidin blue-stained smears from 36 brain tumors in order to improve our knowledge of the nucleolar frequency, size and margination. It was observed that low-grade astrocytic tumors had high percentages of nucleolated cells but the nucleoli were mostly single with maximum nucleolar diameter smaller than 2.00 microns. The percentages of marginated nucleoli were also low, ranging between 3.00% and 30.00% (only one case had a higher percentage). The high-grade tumors, i.e. anaplastic astrocytomas and glioblastomas, did not significantly differ from low-grade astrocytomas in their percentages of nucleolated nuclei, but they showed a higher number of nuclei having three or more nucleoli and the mean nucleolar diameter was in general bigger than 2.00 microns. Glioblastomas had marginated nucleoli much more frequently than anaplastic astrocytomas, the percentage in all but one case being higher than 30.00%. The percentage of marginated nucleoli was much higher in glioblastomas than in metastases, while the nucleoli were bigger in the latter group. A wide range of values for most of the nucleolar-associated parameters was observed in the remaining non-astrocytic brain tumors. Our results, showing differences in nuclear number, size and margination in different brain tumors, lead us to consider it worthwhile to investigate nucleolar-related features and their relationships using a quantitative approach.
Theory and Use of Antibiotic Combinations (1957)

The following abstracts were prepared from papers presented at the Brook Lodge Invitational Symposium, held at Kalamazoo, Michigan, and sponsored by The Upjohn Company. Devoted to a discussion of the theory and use of antibiotic combinations, these abstracts are the second in a two part series representing the laboratory and the clinical aspects of the subject. Part 1 appeared in the October issue of Postgraduate Medicine.
Dispersion in optical waveguides with graded refractive index (1975)

Dispersion in graded-index optical fibres can be calculated by ray-optical or wave-optical methods. This letter reports a seeming discrepancy between the results of both methods: in a fibre with a refractive profile that has been optimised by the WKB wave-optical method, helical rays may occur with a much larger transit-time spread than the modes computed with the WKB method. The question is what transit-time spread is relevant for the bandwidth of the fibre.
Unusual Macrocyclic Spirocycles from Tandem Metathesis Reactions. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.