gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Ultrastructure of Adult Brugia malayi (Brug, 1927) (Nematoda: Filarioidea) (1975)

The ultrastruct of the adult subperiodic Brugia malayi (Brug, 1927) within pulmonary arteries of male jirds (Meriones unguiculatus) was studied by transmission electron microscopy. The cuticle consists of 10 sublayers (2 of which are prominently banded) and a typical outer unit membrane. Evidence is presented showing that the subcuticular region of the lateral chords comprises a functional complex of basal infoldings, multivesicular bodies, and associated mitochondria, which is probably engaged in the exchange of solutes across a permeable cuticle. Microbodies with paired, prominent cores, intracisternal A-particle viruslike bodies, nonstaining glycogen patches, and other structures are also present in the lateral chords. The platymyarian somatic musculature shares some coelomyarian characteristics, e.g., apparent neuromuscular connections and prominent glycogen deposits surrounded by mitochondria and other organelles. The alimentary tract has features typical of many nematodes. The luminal segments of the male and female reproductive tracts and their germinal products, excluding microfilariae, are described. Affinities with related species are discussed.
Preparation and catalytic activity of CO-resistant catalyst core-shell Au@Pt/C for methanol oxidation (2012)

Au@Pt core-shell nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by a successive reduction method and then assembled on Vulcan XC-72 carbon surface.Furthermore,its composition,morphology,structure,and activity towards methanol oxidation were characterized by UV-vis spectrometry,transmission electron microscopy (TEM),high-resolution TEM (HRTEM),X-ray diffraction (XRD),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS),and cyclic voltammetry (CV).Results reveal that Au@Pt/C catalyst has better activity towards methanol oxidation than the pure platinum prepared under the same conditions.When the atomic ratio of Au to Pt in the prepared Au@Pt/C catalyst is 1∶2,this catalyst exhibits best electrocatalytic activity towards methanol oxidation in acidic media,and the peak current density on this catalyst is ～2.0times higher than that on Pt/C catalyst.The better catalytic activity of Au@Pt/C results from its better resistance to toxic CO than Pt/C because the CO oxidation on Au@Pt/C is 60 mV more negative than the case on Pt/C.
Dynamic analysis of COBOL programs (1981)

Abstract This paper describes results obtained from a dynamic analysis of 22 typical COBOL programs. The analysis was performed by COBOL DYNAMIC ANALYSIS SYSTEM (COBDAP) which collected data and reported on the dynamic behaviour of COBOL programs.
Photoelectric conversion properties of four novel carboxylated hemicyanine dyes on TiO2 electrode (2003)

Four hemicyanine derivatives, 2-[4-(N-ethyl-N-carboxyethyl)amino]phenylethenyl-1,3,3-trimethyl-3H-indolium iodide (BIDC1), 2-[4-(N,N-dicarboxyethyl)amino]phenylethenyl-1,3,3-trimethyl-3H-indolium iodide (BIDC2), 2-[4-(N-ethyl-N-carboxyethyl)amino]phenylethenyl-1,1,3-trimethyl-1H-benz[e]indolium iodide (BIDC3) and 2-[4-(N,N-dicarboxyethyl)amino]phenylethenyl-1,1,3-trimethyl-1H-benz[e]indolium iodide (BIDC4), have been synthesized and identified with regard to their structures and electrochemical properties. It is found that the absorption spectra of BIDC3 and BIDC4 are broader than that of BIDC1 and BIDC2 because the former two have one more benzene ring on the electron acceptor side. Upon adsorption on a TiO2 electrode, the absorption spectra of the four BIDC dyes are all broadened forward to both red and blue sides compared with their respective spectra in ethanol solution. BIDC2 (or BIDC4), bearing two carboxyl groups, has about two (or three) times more adsorption and a broader absorption spectrum on TiO2 film compared with BIDC1 (or BIDC3), which consequently leads to a better light-to-electricity conversion property. Among the four hemicyanine dyes, BIDC4 generated the highest photoelectric conversion yield of 4.9%, with a short-circuit photocurrent of 21.4 mA cm−2, an open-circuit voltage of 424 mV, and a fill factor of 0.49 under irradiation with 90.0 mW cm−2 white light from a Xe lamp.
Circular dichroism of square-planar, tetradentate Schiff-base chelates of nickel(II) (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCircular dichroism of square-planar, tetradentate Schiff-base chelates of nickel(II)Roger S. Downing and F. L. UrbachCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1970, 92, 20, 5861–5865Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00723a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00723a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views232Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Improvement in wear performance of surgical Ti-6Al-4V alloy by ion implantation of nitrogen or carbon (1985)

The effects of ion implantations of either nitrogen or carbon on the corrosive-wear performance of surgical Ti-6A1-4V alloy were investigated. In vitro tests made use of an apparatus which could produce certain chemical and mechanical aspects of a sliding interface such as that which occurs between alloy and polyethylene components of an artificial hip (or knee) joint. Cylindrical samples of the Ti alloy were rotated between loaded, conforming pads made of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) while these test components were immersed either in a saline solution or a saline solution with bovine serum added. During the tests open-circuit corrosion currents for the alloy were measured by the Tafel extrapolation technique. Profilometry studies were done before and after the tests. Alloy samples implanted with either nitrogen or carbon remained as-new for all test conditions. Unimplanted control samples were severely scored. Corrosion currents as measured under the mechanical action were reduced by a factor of approximately one hundred by the ion implantation treatments. It is concluded that nitrogen or carbon ion implantation produces a marked improvement in the corrosive wear performance of the alloy in these tests. It is inferred that abrasive wear is the dominant mechanism of material removal. Inmore » addition, apparently owing to reduction of wear debris in the sliding interface, ion treatment of the alloy greatly improves wear performance of the mating UHMWPE component. 11 refs., 11 figs., 2 tabs.« less
Multijunction GaInP/GaInAs/Ge solar cells with Bragg reflectors (2010)

Effect of subcell parameters on the efficiency of GaInP/Ga(In)As/Ge tandem solar cells irradiated with 1-MeV electrons at fluences of up to 3 × 1015 cm−2 has been theoretically studied. The optimal thicknesses of GaInP and GaInAs subcells, which provide the best photocurrent matching at various irradiation doses in solar cells with and without built-in Bragg reflectors, were determined. The dependences of the photoconverter efficiency on the fluence of 1-MeV electrons and on the time of residence in the geostationary orbit were calculated for structures optimized to the beginning and end of their service lives. It is shown that the optimization of the subcell heterostructures for a rated irradiation dose and the introduction of Bragg reflectors into the structure provide a 5% overall increase in efficiency for solar cells operating in the orbit compared with unoptimized cells having no Bragg reflector.
Flour lipids and their effects in baking (1977)

Abstract Wheat flour lipid was separated into five fractions by selective elution from silica gel. The two earlier eluted fractions, which contained mainly non‐polar components, depressed loaf volume when added to defatted flour. The three other fractions contained polar components and these maintained or increased loaf volume. The effects of the fractions as foam stabilizers paralleled their effects on loaf volume, supporting the theory that flour lipids exert their action in baking through their role as surfactants in stabilizing or destabilizing the gas bubble structure during expansion of the loaf. Evidence points to a classification of flour lipids into three groups according to their effects in baking. The polar galactolipids and phospholipids increase loaf volume, compounds of intermediate polarity depress loaf volume while the more non‐polar compounds such as triglycerides have little effect in the absence of other lipids but have beneficial effects when other lipids are present. Thin‐layer chromatography showed clear differences in composition between lipid extracts from wheat, rye and maize flours and these could be correlated with effects on the baking behaviour of defatted wheat flour.
Finger Braille: Tactile communication for differently abled (2015)

The blind typically resort to audio feedback to access information on electronic devices. However, this modality is not always an appropriate form of output. Novel approaches that allow for private and inconspicuous interaction are paramount. The intention of this paper is to develop a hand glove which is wirelessly connected to an android device for the visually impaired. The visually impaired gives a Braille input with the help of hand glove which is converted to text. The converted text would be read aloud by the android device. This enables the visually impaired to use an application in an android device. Finger Braille consists of six force sensitive sensors that are used to detect pressure and communicate single characters. The device would be able to simultaneously actuate the users' index, middle, and ring fingers of both hands, providing fast and mnemonic output.
URINARY INCONTINENCE AND LOWER URINARY TRACT SYMPTOMS: AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF MEN AGED 45 TO 99 YEARS (1997)

The prevalence of urinary incontinence and lower urogenital tract symptoms, such as hesitancy, weak stream, dribbling, sensation of incompletely emptied bladder, nocturia, urinary tract infection and impotence, increased linearly with increasing age.
Dichotomous Issues in Psychology: Intransigency or Developmental Phase? (2002)

Cet article est une étude de cas de la psychologie en tant que discipline et profession dans un jeune pays asiatique, Singapour. Il y est décrit les aspects les plus importants de sa courte histoire et de son actuel statut. On met en évidence l’apparence dichotomique de la psychologie, vu que les membres de cette discipline adoptent souvent des positions apparemment intransigeantes. Des points communs apparaissent avec le cycle de développement de la psychologie aux Etats‐Unis. Il s’agit de la scission entre les approches pratique et scientiﬁque (art ou science?), l’intérêt pour la recherche fondamentale ou appliquée, et une préférence tranchée pour la recherche de laboratoire ou de terrain. On conclut en réﬂéchissant sur l’avenir de la psychologie internationale et sur les conséquences d’une approche sceptique de cette discipline. This is a case study of psychology as a discipline and a profession in a young Asian country, Singapore. Salient aspects of its brief history and present status are presented. The paper highlights what appear to be dichotomous issues in psychology, where members of the discipline often adopt seemingly intransigent positions. Parallels are drawn with similarities in the developmental cycle for psychology in the United States. These include divisions with regard to practitioner versus scientist approaches to the discipline (art or science?), commitment to basic versus applied research, and an entrenched preference for laboratory versus ﬁeld research. The paper concludes by examining the future in international psychology, and the implications of a prevalent skeptical approach within the discipline.
Sizing of active piezoelectric struts for vibration suppression on a space-based interferometer (1991)

The present paper concerns itself with the active suppression of mechanical vibrations on a representative future spaceborne optical interferometer. This is accomplished by the incorporation of a set of piezoelectric struts into the truss structure of the interferometer and the use of these active struts to modify the damping and stiffness characteristics of the truss. It is shown that vibration propagation can be significantly reduced through the use of very simple control laws. It is further shown that the force and stroke requirements for the active struts for this application are rather modest and fall well within the capabilities already demonstrated by prototype hardware in ground testing.
HIGH POLYMERIC MATERIALS (1962)

Polymerization of the phosphonitrilic isothiocyanates occurs readily. The phosphonitrilic bromides react with both Grignard reagents and organolithium compounds, but the intermediates thus formed have not yet been decomposed to yield reasonable quantities of organophosphonitrilic derivatives. The syntheses of trimeric and tetrameric phosphonitrilic fluorides by metathetical reactions of the chlorides with sodium fluoride in nitrobenzene were effected. A new reaction between the completely fluorinated compounds and aryllithium compounds gives stepwise substitution of the fluorine atoms by aryl groups. Three main problems involving coordination polymers were investigated: (1) Attempts to link betadiketone complexes together failed because substituent groups on the chelate rings are unreactive. (2) Triethylenediamine was shown to coordinate through both of its nitrogen atoms, thus to form polynuclear complexes. (3) The compositions, solubilities, and heat stabilities of a number of complexes of bis-beta-diketones with bivalent, 4-covalent metals were studied. (Author)
Image interpolation using classification-based neural networks (2005)

Standard image interpolation methods generally use a uniform interpolation filter on the entire image. To achieve a better performance on specific structures, some content adaptive interpolation methods, such as Kondo’s method [1], have been introduced. However, these content adaptive methods are limited to fit image data into a linear model in each class. We investigate replacing the linear model by a flexible non-linear model, such as a feed-forward neural network. This results in a new interpolation algorithm based on known classification, but achieving better results. In this paper, such a classification-based neural network approach and its evaluation are presented. Both objective and subjective image quality results indicate that the proposed method gives an additional improvement in the interpolated image quality.
The Correspondence between Composite Functions in Modern Algebra and Calculus (2018)

The study of maps which act on a finite set of objects is of special importance in modern algebra.The main objective of this paper is to compare between the structures of groups that yield from the definition of composite functions in group theory (permutation groups) and those in calculus.In calculus there no detailed study for groups, but we took the definition of composite functions as a binary operation to define a group.This study can be considered as an essential model for isomorphic groups.
2D-MoO<sub>3</sub>nanosheets for superior gas sensors (2016)

By taking advantages of both grinding and sonication, an effective exfoliation process is developed to prepare two-dimensional (2D) molybdenum oxide (MoO3) nanosheets. The approach avoids high-boiling-point solvents that would leave a residue and cause aggregation. Gas sensors fabricated using the 2D-MoO3 nanosheets provide a significantly enhanced chemical sensor performance. Compared with the sensors using bulk MoO3, the response of the 2D-MoO3 sensor increases from 7 to 33; the sensor response time is reduced from 27 to 21 seconds, and the recovery time is shortened from 26 to 10 seconds. We attribute the superior performance to the 2D-structure with a much increased surface area and reactive sites.
Role of Calcium Carbonate in Protecting the Colony Forming Ability of Bacillus simplex TWW-04 Exposed to Oxidative Stress (2007)

About 72% of cells in a population of Bacillus simplex TWW-04 in early exponential phase lost their colony forming ability after being exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H O ) for 90 min compared to 38% in another 22 population exposed to H O and calcium carbonate (CaCO ). Interestingly, both H O and CaCO added 22 3 22 3 separately or combined had oxidative effect shown through induced protein carbonylation and induction of Catalase (Cat) and Glutathione peroxidase (GPX), while Peroxidase (Per) responded to the addition of H O only. 22 The addition of CaCO increased the protein of both whole cells and total proteins in the periplasmic fraction. 3 It prevented lipid peroxidation, despite some alterations in cellular fatty acid composition. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed no evident morphological alterations when CaCO was added with or without H O. 3 22 The counteracting effect of adding CaCO to H O containing cultures and its effect on maintaining colony 3 2 2 forming ability proved to be neither via enzyme induction nor chemical reaction but through membrane interaction. It was assumed that loss of colony forming ability is attributed to carbonylation of proteins essential for growth, but our evidence suggests that protein carbonylation is irrelevant and that the highly susceptible part responsible for cell colonization is lipoproteins. H O and CaCO appear to act as both toxic and 22 3 signaling compounds.
The Distribution of H2O between Cordierite and Granitic Melt: H2O Incorporation in Cordierite and its Application to High-grade Metamorphism and Crustal Anatexis (2001)

Experiments defining the distribution of H2O [Dw = wt % H2O(melt)/wt % H2O(crd)]) between granitic melt and coexisting cordierite over a range of melt H2O contents from saturated (i.e. coexisting cordierite + melt + vapour) to highly undersaturated (cordierite + melt) have been conducted at 3–7 kbar and 800–1000°C. H2O contents in cordierites and granitic melts were determined using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). For H2O vapour-saturated conditions Dw ranges from 4·3 to 7 and increases with rising temperature. When the system is volatile undersaturated Dw decreases to minimum values of 2·6–5·0 at moderate to low cordierite H2O contents (0·6–1·1 wt %). At very low aH2O, cordierite contains less than 0·2–0·3 wt % H2O and Dw increases sharply. The Dw results are consistent with melt H2O solubility models in which aH2O is proportional to Xw2 (where Xw is the mole fraction of H2O in eight-oxygen unit melt) at Xw ≤ 0·5 and 0·25kw{exp[(6·52 − (2667/T)) × Xw]} at Xw > 0·5, coupled with cordierite hydration models in which aH2O is proportional to n/(1 − n), where n is the number of molecules of H2O per 18-oxygen anhydrous cordierite formula unit (n < 1). Combination of our 800–1000°C cordierite H2O saturation results with previous cordierite hydration data leads to the following geohydrometer relation, applicable for temperatures in the range 500–1000°C: \[ \ln K_{\rm eq} = [4203(\pm 320)/\hbox{T}]- 11\cdot75 (\pm 0\cdot33) \] where Keq = [nsat/(1 − nsat)]/fH2O(P,T), nsat is the saturation value of n for the P–T condition of interest, and T is in Kelvin. Moderate to high aH2O (0·4–0·9) are calculated for H2O-rich cordierites in several pegmatites and zones of hydrous fluid infiltration in high-grade terrains in Antarctica and central Australia, whereas aH2O calculated from the measured H2O contents in cordierites from several granulite migmatites are lower and in the range 0·1–0·4. Calculated H2O contents of melts that equilibrated with low-H2O (0·6–1·2 wt %) cordierites in several migmatite terrains are in the range 2·8–4·4 wt %, consistent with dehydration-melting reactions involving biotite (± sillimanite). Calculated melt H2O contents that in other studied migmatites are unrealistically low for the specified temperature conditions of melting probably reflect post-equilibrium H2O loss from the cordierites.
Names of Death (1995)

Human victimizations‐whether taking the form of civil war, terrorism, or domestic violence‐often force those seeking refuge into neighborhoods characterized by high crime rates, poverty, and ethnic diversity, leading to culture shock and crises of identity. The author recalls such a context after describing the responses of families of murder victims to a serial killer's sentence, drawing parallels with the difficulties the Q'anjob'al Maya face while applying for political asylum.
Internal small-size PIFA for LTE/GSM/UMTS operation in the mobile phone (2010)

A small-size coupled-fed printed PIFA to cover all the eight operating bands of the LTE/GSM/UMTS (698-960/1710-2690 MHz) in the mobile phone has been proposed. Good radiation characteristics over the eight operating bands have also been obtained. Owing to its all printing structure and uniplanar configuration, the proposed antenna is especially suitable for application in the slim mobile phone.
Improved analytical fit of gold dispersion: Application to the modeling of extinction spectra with a finite-difference time-domain method (2005)

We propose an accurate description for the dispersion of gold in the range of 1.24--2.48 eV. We implement this improved model in an FDTD algorithm and evaluate its efficiency by comparison with an analytical method. Extinction spectra of gold nanoparticle arrays are then calculated.
The UmuC subunit of the E. coli DNA polymerase V shows a unique interaction with the β-clamp processivity factor (2013)

Although the β-clamp binding motif of UmuC conforms to the consensus sequence, variation in its mode of clamp binding is observed compared to related structures, presumably dictated by the proximal aspartate residues that act as linker to the poorly characterised, unique C-terminal domain of UmuC. Additionally, interactions between Asn-359 of UmuC and Arg-152 on the clamp surface may compensate for the reduced interaction of Phe-361.
Danger detection from head light glare through vision estimation (2013)

Driver's night drive vision can be seriously reduced by opposite headlight glare especially in mountainous roads. Though there are methods for reducing opposite headlight glare effects, these techniques usually deteriorate night vision in normal state. Therefore, these techniques must be deployed if and only if a certain danger from the opposite headlight glare become really danger. The method for detecting this danger is proposed based on ordinary image or video captured device as anyone who own car can buy, using properties in every still color image to extract light source and eliminate unconcerned objects such as some reflects on pavement, background color from own light beams, and then find the most area in picture to determine whether it is dangerous glare or not. The result measurement performs by manually to find trend of percentage area for warning. The proposed method is evaluated based on recorded videos from various scenarios. The test implies good result based on no probability of negative fault error with only low of positive fault error probability.