gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ablation of sarcolipin enhances sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium transport and atrial contractility (2007)

Sarcolipin is a novel regulator of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase 2a (SERCA2a) and is expressed abundantly in atria. In this study we investigated the physiological significance of sarcolipin in the heart by generating a mouse model deficient for sarcolipin. The sarcolipin-null mice do not show any developmental abnormalities or any cardiac pathology. The absence of sarcolipin does not modify the expression level of other Ca2+ handling proteins, in particular phospholamban, and its phosphorylation status. Calcium uptake studies revealed that, in the atria, ablation of sarcolipin resulted in an increase in the affinity of the SERCA pump for Ca2+ and the maximum velocity of Ca2+ uptake rates. An important finding is that ablation of sarcolipin resulted in an increase in atrial Ca2+ transient amplitudes, and this resulted in enhanced atrial contractility. Furthermore, atria from sarcolipin-null mice showed a blunted response to isoproterenol stimulation, implicating sarcolipin as a mediator of beta-adrenergic responses in atria. Our study documented that sarcolipin is a key regulator of SERCA2a in atria. Importantly, our data demonstrate the existence of distinct modulators for the SERCA pump in the atria and ventricles.
Knowledge-Based Assistant (1988)

Intelligent assistants facilitate design and construction of complex software. In this article, we propose a model for an intelligent assistant to aid in building one kind of software-knowledge-based sys- tems-and discuss a preliminary implementation. The assistant partic- ipates in knowledge-based system (KBS) construction, including ac- quisition of an initial model of a problem domain, acquisition of control and task-specific inference knowledge, testing and validation, and long- term maintenance of encoded knowledge. We present a hypothetical scenario in which the assistant and a KBS designer cooperate to create an initial domain model, and discuss five categories of knowledge the assistant requires to offer such help. We then discuss two software technologies upon which the assistant is based-an object-oriented pro- gramming language, and a user-interface framework.
Exploring new metrology for complex photomask patterns (2008)

Photomask pattern sizes are usually defined by a one-dimensional Critical Dimension (CD). As mask pattern shapes become more complex, a single CD no longer provides sufficient information to characterize the mask feature. For simple square contacts, an area measurement is generally accepted as a better choice for determining contact uniformity. However, the area metric may not adequately characterize complex shapes; it does not lend itself to CD metrology and it ignores pattern placement. This paper investigates new ways of measuring complex mask shapes with aggressive Optical Proximity Correction (OPC). An example of more informative metric is center of gravity. This new metric will be compared to more traditional mask characterization variables like CD mean to target, CD uniformity, and Image Placement (IP). Wafer simulations of the mask shapes will be used to understand which mask pattern metrics are most representative of the image transferred to wafer images. The results will be discussed in terms of their potential to improve mask quality for 32nm technology and beyond.
Tunneling devices over van der Waals bonded hetero-interface (2017)

Van der Waals (vdW) bonded heterojunctions composed of diverse two-dimensional (2D) layered materials are emerging as a novel material platform that exhibits intriguing physical phenomena and promises compelling device applications. Here we discuss the development of tunneling devices based on vdW bonded heterojunctions, specially focusing on an Esaki diode with broken gap alignment. Beyond that, an electric oscillator built upon this diode is also demonstrated.
OC11.06: The diagnostic accuracy of gel instillation sonohysterography (GIS) compared with saline infusion sonohysterography (SIS); a randomised controlled trial (2009)

To compare the diagnostic accuracy of gel instillation sonohysterography (GIS) with the diagnostic accuracy of saline infusion sonohysterography (SIS). Between Aug 2007 and Dec 2008 103 consecutive patients with abnormal uterine bleeding and an abnormal transvaginal ultrasound were randomised for the use of gel instillation or saline infusion during sonohysterography. Abnormalities detected during sonohysterography were classified as pedunculated polyp, sessile polyp, pedunculated myoma (type 0), sessile myoma (type 1) and sessile myoma (type 2). Hysteroscopy was used as gold standard in case of abnormalities. The primary outcome measure was diagnostic accuracy. In the GIS group (n = 53) 35 abnormalities were found; 31 (89%) were confirmed during hysteroscopy. In the SIS group (n = 50) 30 abnormalities were found; 22 (73%) were confirmed during hysteroscopy. Suspected pedunculated polyps were confirmed during hysteroscopy in all 8 cases, sessile polyps in 15 out of 19 cases, pedunculated myomas (type 0) in 10 out of 14, sessile myomas (type 1) in 9 out of 13 and sessile muomas (type 2) in all 11 cases. Gel instillation is an alternative for saline infusion during sonohysterography. Gel instillation has a higher diagnostic accuracy than saline infusion during sonohysterography.
Film-Cooled Turbine Endwall in a Transonic Flow Field: Part II — Heat Transfer and Film-Cooling Effectiveness (2001)

Thermodynamic and aerodynamic measurements were carried out in a linear turbine cascade with transonic flow field. Heat transfer and adiabatic film-cooling effectiveness resulting from the interaction of the flow field and the ejected coolant at the endwall were measured and will be discussed in two parts. The investigations were performed in the Windtunnel for Straight Cascades (EGG) at the DLR, Goettingen. The film-cooled NGV endwall was operated at representative dimensionless engine conditions of Mach and Reynolds number Ma2is=1.0 and Re2=850,000 respectively. Part II of the paper discusses the thermodynamic measurements. Detailed temperature measurements were carried out on a turbine stator endwall. In order to determine the surface heat transfer and adiabatic film-cooling effectiveness, an infrared camera system in a rectilinear wind tunnel measured the endwall temperatures in the transonic flow field. The adiabatic film-cooling effectiveness was determined using the superposition method. Measurements were carried out to first, validate the assumptions of theory and second, analyse the error associated with the measurements. Effects of coolant ejection from a slot and three rows of holes were investigated and compared with each other. The influence of Mach number and blowing ratio on the heat transfer were further aspects of the investigation. Strong variations in heat transfer and film-cooling effectiveness due to the interaction of the coolant air and the secondary flow field were found. Based on the results of this investigation an improved cooling design will be investigated in a follow-up project.
Scanning electrochemical microscopy. 20. Steady-state measurements of the fast heterogeneous kinetics in the ferrocene/acetonitrile system (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTScanning electrochemical microscopy. 20. Steady-state measurements of the fast heterogeneous kinetics in the ferrocene/acetonitrile systemMichael V. Mirkin, Thomas C. Richards, and Allen J. BardCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1993, 97, 29, 7672–7677Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100131a042https://doi.org/10.1021/j100131a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1460Altmetric-Citations115LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Voltage droop charging of electric vehicles in a residential distribution feeder (2012)

Uncoordinated charging of electric vehicles may cause significant voltage deviations in some residential distribution grids. Grid voltage stabilizing load models, such as developed for distributed energy resources, can be applied to electric vehicle chargers as well. A fleet of 10 electric vehicles is considered, modeled according to current Flemish mobility behavior. For this fleet, different voltage droop load models for the chargers are discussed in terms of charging duration increase, grid losses and grid voltages. Load flow simulations are performed for a real and highly loaded residential grid in Belgium. In the worst case, the average charging rate is reduced to 0.847 pu of the nominal charging rate (4 kW). Accordingly, regardless of charging coordination, deviation from power set points will occur, thereby mitigating the impact on the grid. Furthermore, electric vehicle chargers equipped with voltage droop load models present robust, fault-tolerant behavior at times the coordination of the vehicles is hampered.
Solution Structure and Novel Insights into the Determinants of the Receptor Specificity of Human Relaxin-3 (2005)

Relaxin-3 is the most recently discovered member of the relaxin family of peptide hormones. In contrast to relaxin-1 and -2, whose main functions are associated with pregnancy, relaxin-3 is involved in neuropeptide signaling in the brain. Here, we report the solution structure of human relaxin-3, the first structure of a relaxin family member to be solved by NMR methods. Overall, relaxin-3 adopts an insulin-like fold, but the structure differs crucially from the crystal structure of human relaxin-2 near the B-chain terminus. In particular, the B-chain C terminus folds back, allowing Trp(B27) to interact with the hydrophobic core. This interaction partly blocks the conserved RXXXRXXI motif identified as a determinant for the interaction with the relaxin receptor LGR7 and may account for the lower affinity of relaxin-3 relative to relaxin for this receptor. This structural feature is likely important for the activation of its endogenous receptor, GPCR135.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES IN BIOMIMETIC ALKALOID SYNTHESES. 2. SYNTHESIS OF VINCADIFFORMINE FROM TETRAHYDRO‐β‐CARBOLINE THROUGH A SECODINE INTERMEDIATE (1979)

Abstract Aus den Tetrahydrocarbolinen (I) entstehen die Chlorierungsprodukte (IIa) und (IIb).
Final Report on the Development of a Hydrogen-Fueled Combustion Turbine Cycle for Power Generation (1999)

Through its New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) the Japanese government is sponsoring the World Energy Network (WE-NET) Program. WE-NET is a 28-year global effort to define and implement technologies needed for hydrogen-based energy systems. A critical part of this effort is the development of a hydrogen-fueled combustion turbine system to efficiently convert the chemical energy stored in hydrogen to electricity when hydrogen is combusted with pure oxygen. A Rankine cycle, with reheat and recuperation, was selected by Westinghouse as the general reference system. Variations of this cycle have been examined to identify a reference system having maximum development feasibility, while meeting the requirement of a minimum of 70.9 percent low heating value (LHV) efficiency. The strategy applied by Westinghouse was to assess both a near-term and long-term Reference Plant. The near-term plant requires moderate development based on extrapolation of current steam and combustion turbine technology. In contrast, the long-term plant requires more extensive development for an additional high pressure reheat turbine, and is more complex than the near-term plant with closed-loop steam cooling and extractive feedwater heating. Trade-offs between efficiency benefits and development challenges of the near-term and long-term reference plant are identified. Results of this study can be applied to guide the future development activities of hydrogen-fueled combustion turbine systems.
Temperature dependent piezoelectric response and strain–electric-field hysteresis of rare-earth modified bismuth ferrite ceramics (2016)

The specific rare-earth species substituted into BiFeO<sub>3</sub> influences the phase composition, domain structure, strain–electric-field behavior and piezoelectric response at elevated temperatures.
Circulating copeptin is associated with mortality irrespectively of exacerbation rate in stable COPD (2014)

BACKGROUND: Arginine vasopressin modulates fluid homeostasis and oxidative stress in COPD. Levels of copeptin, a surrogate for the mature protein, at severe exacerbation are associated with survival and exacerbation rate. We hypothesize that copeptin might also be associated with clinical relevant outcomes if assessed in COPD at stable state. METHODS: We prospectively evaluated 638 patients with stable COPD for ≥ 6 weeks, > 10 PY and GOLD II-IV seeking care in pulmonary tertiary hospitals in 8 European countries and included in the PROMISE cohort. Circulating biomarkers were assessed at baseline, at exacerbation and at biannual visits. The primary outcome of the study was exacerbation and/or death. Median observation time was 24 months. RESULTS: Baseline copeptin levels were neither associated to time to next exacerbation (HR 0.998 95% CI 0.991-1.005) or severe exacerbation (HR0.999 95% CI 0.988-1.011), nor with the annual exacerbation rate (β -0.082 95% CI -0.573-0.002) or severe exacerbation rate (β 0.004 95% CI -0.107-0.118). Conversely, copeptin was significantly associated with mortality. The hazard ratio for death conferred by an increase of 1 pmol in copeptin was 1.016 (1.009-1.022, p<0.0001). After adjustment for the BODE-index (HR 1.348 95% CI 1.181-1.539), adjusted Charlson score (HR 1.128 95% CI 0.944-1.349) and annual exacerbation rate (HR 1.051 95%CI 0.849-1.301), log copeptin (HR 2.373 95% CI 1.078-5.223) remained significantly associated with survival. CONCLUSION: Circulating copeptin is associated with mortality irrespectively of exacerbation rate in stable COPD.
Measurement of structural irregularity dependence on mode coupling along multi-core fiber using multi-channel OTDR system (2013)

We have successfully measured the structural irregularity dependence on mode coupling along a multi-core fiber by using a multi-channel OTDR system. The system has a high dynamic range of more than 60 dB and a high spatial resolution of 10 m.
Microstrip patch antenna design considerations for airborne and spaceborne applications (2002)

Using manufacturer quoted and measured parameters of substrates, the temperature effects on the performance of airborne and spaceborne microstrip patch antennas have been studied. Extreme centre-frequency drifts have been observed for antennas made of teflon-glass laminates. It has been shown that the temperature drift can be substantially reduced using quartz-fibre composite materials.
Potential of Semiconductor Sensor Arrays for the Origin Authentication of Pure Valencia Orange Juices (2001)

Sensor array is a new method used in aroma analysis. This technique was employed for the differentiation of 49 pure Valencia orange juices from 5 different origins representative of the main culture areas of citrus according to their volatile organic fractions. An experimental design was used to set analytical factors, which control the generation of the static headspace; therefore, the preliminary optimization of analytical conditions allows the evaluation of the potential of such an apparatus in this kind of survey. Results obtained were then statistically treated by multivariate analyses such as principal component analysis and factorial discriminant analysis. Sensor arrays performed a good discrimination of the whole juices in classing them according to the origin of Valencia oranges used. A calibration of the sensors was then performed to build a database aiming to classify the juices according to the origin of oranges involved. New supplementary samples were then analyzed to assess the efficiency of the database. This technique coupled with other ones such as high-pressure liquid chromatography and gas chromatography may be a new tool for the investigation of adulteration detection due to the authentication of the origin of raw materials employed in the orange juice processes.
Surface characterization of (AgCu)(InGa)Se<inf>2</inf> thin films for solar cells (2011)

AgCu(InGa)Se <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> alloy absorber layers with various Ga/(Ga+In) and Ag/(Ag+Cu) ratios were deposited using multi-source elemental evaporation and analyzed by glancing incidence x-ray diffraction and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. All films exhibit satellite chalcopyrite reflections in the x-ray diffraction pattern and films with 0.5 ≤ Ga <; 1 and Ag >; 0.5 have additional reflections consistent with an ordered defect phase which is limited to the near-surface region of the film. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results show that all films have low (Ag+Cu)/Se ratios near the surface, consistent with an ordered defect compound. Films with 0 <; w <; 1 have (Ag+Cu)/Se and (Ag+Cu)/(Ga+In) ratios at the surface close to the (AgCu)(InGa) <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sub> Se <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">8</sub> ordered defect phases. Additionally the near-surface region of (AgCu)(InGa)Se <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> films contains a higher Ag/(Ag+Cu) ratio than the bulk and the Ag(InGa)Se <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> film contains excess Ag near the surface.
REVIEWS (1979)

Journal Article REVIEWS Get access ALABAMA BOUND: FORTY-FIVE YEARS INSIDE A PRISON SYSTEM. By RAY A. MARSH [ University of Alabama Press. 1978. 204 pp. £7.00.] Stanley Cohen Stanley Cohen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The British Journal of Criminology, Volume 19, Issue 3, July 1979, Pages 297–299, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjc.a047019 Published: 01 July 1979
Are Rods and Cones of Dyslexics Anomalous? (1989)

Grosser and Spafford (in this journal, 1989) have advanced an hypothesis and presented measurements which they believe support the idea of an excess of cones in the peripheral retinae of dyslexics. This note points out that their hypothesis is based on the erroneous assumption that normals have no peripheral cones. Further, their data can be explained by at least two alternative, though uninteresting, methodological hypotheses, that uncontrolled eye movements or experimenter suggestion (or both) could have produced their results. Finally, the requisite methods for assessing color vision, and the cones, were not met in the study.
Optically Induced Persistent Charge Storage Effects in Self Assembled InAs Quantum Dots (1999)

Resonant optical excitation of the quantum dot (QD) ensemble produces a strong increase of the lateral resistance of a spatially separated InGaAs n-channel. This is shown to arise from the preferential storage of electrons within the QD layer. The induced photoeffect is persistant over timescales of many hours at 140 K and can be controllably erased by injecting holes into the QD layer from a separate p-contact. The magnitude of the induced photo-effect is found to be sensitive to the excitation energy with a number of resonances observed which reflect inelastic excitation of the QD ensemble. By performing power dependent measurements a similar resonance is observed in the device switching time after illumination. The potential operation of the device as a novel, wavelength selective, optical memory is suggested.
WE‐A‐218‐08: Comparison of Automated Methods to Measure Patient Size for Dose‐ Monitoring in Computed Tomography (2012)

Purpose: There has been a growing movement to monitor the size‐specific dose estimate (SSDE) for patients undergoing computed tomography (CT) examinations. Information on the patient size, however, is not easily accessible in the DICOM headers. Here, we compare three different automated methods to extract the patient size in terms of their accuracy and precision. Methods: Patient size was determined using three automated algorithms. Method A used a thresholded scout image to determine the patient size. A correction factor of 0.85 was applied to the thickness for the chest region to account for the reduced attenuation of the lungs. Method B converted the central slice of the data set into a water equivalent thickness. Method C converted all slices to a water equivalent thickness and computed an average patient thickness. Testing on a clinical data set of 77 chest and 177 abdomen‐pelvis CT exams, the patient size and SSDE were calculated using all three algorithms. Additionally, the local SSDE was calculated using the local CTDI and the patient thickness for each slice. The SSDEs calculated using the three methods were compared with the average of the local SSDE to evaluate the accuracy of each method. Results: The average absolute error in patient size was 4.2%, 3.1% and 0.0% for methods A, B, and C, respectively. The average absolute error in SSDE was 4.3%, 3.2%, and 0.5% for method A, B, and C respectively. Conclusions: All three methods accurately calculated SSDE to within 5%. Method A, which uses a thresholded scout image, offers the simplest and most computationally efficient approach to measure patient size for dose monitoring purposes.
The role of hepatic and extrahepatic UDP-glucuronosyltransferases in human drug metabolism*<sup>†</sup> (2001)

At present, the methods and enzymology of the UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) lag behind that of the cytochromes P450 (CYPs). About 15 human UGTs have been identified, and knowledge about their regulation, substrate selectivity, and tissue distribution has progressed recently. Alamethicin has been characterized as a treatment to remove the latency of microsomal glucuronidations. Most UGT isoforms appear to have a distinct hepatic and/or extrahepatic expression, resulting in significant expression in kidney, intestine, and steroid target tissues. The gastrointestinal tract possesses a complex expression pattern largely containing members of the UGT1A subfamily. Thus, these forms are poised to participate in the first pass metabolism of oral drugs. The authors and others have identified a significant expression of UGT1A1 in human small intestine, an enzyme possessing considerable allelic variability and a polymorphic expression pattern in intestine. Intestinal glucuronidation therefore plays a major role not only in first pass metabolism, but also in the degree of interindividual variation in overall oral bioavailability. Due to issues such as significant genetic variability and tissue localization in first-pass organs, clearance due to UGT1A1 should be minimized for new drugs.
Dispersion-compensators made with holographic and E-beam written phase masks (2002)

Time delay ripples in dispersion compensating fibre Bragg gratings fabricated with either holographic or electron-beam written 10 cm phase masks are presented. Deviations from linearity are dependent upon UV exposure uniformity and phase mask errors.