gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A calreticulin-like protein co-purifies with a ‘60 kD’ component of Ro/SSA, but is not recognized by antibodies in Sjögren's syndrome sera (1993)

In this study, we used human tonsils for the isolation of the 60 kD component of the Ro/SSA autoantigen, following the method described by Wu et al. (J Immunol Methods 1989; 121:219-24). Western blot analyses were carried out using Ro/SSA-reactive human Sjögren's syndrome sera, to follow the autoantigen through the purification procedure. A 60 kD Ro/SSA component was eluted as a broad peak from a Mono Q column. Within this peak, a much more abundant protein, co-migrating with the Ro/SSA component on SDS-PAGE, was also eluted. The more abundant protein was further purified on a Superose 12 column and its N-terminal sequence was shown to be identical to that of human calreticulin. The 60 kD Ro/SSA autoantigen was also further purified on the Superose 12 column and was eluted as an asymmetric peak, with the majority being eluted at a position corresponding to 60 kD, whereas the calreticulin-like protein was eluted from the same column as an apparent dimer of approximately 120 kD. A panel of five Ro/SSA-reactive human sera reacted with the purified Ro/SSA antigen, but not with the calreticulin-like protein. Therefore, it is clear that the calreticulin-like protein is not a Ro autoantigen and is distinct from the 60 kD Ro/SSA antigen. As the calreticulin-like protein is a much more abundant protein than the 60 kD Ro/SSA component, its co-purification with the autoantigen on ion-exchange and its close migration with the autoantigen on SDS-PAGE may explain why peptide sequences for human calreticulin were derived from apparent 60 kD Ro/SSA antigen preparations.
An instrument for measuring commutation (1949)

“BLACK BANDS” have been used for many years JD to compare the commutating ability of d-c machines and to set the brushes in the proper place. A black band, as used here, is defined as the number of amperes by which the current through the commutating winding can be changed without producing sparking at the brush faces. This band width usually is taken at 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, and 150 per cent of rated load. This is plotted as shown in Figure 1, the black band being the shaded portion.
SLEEP-RELATED VEHICLE CRASHES - THE RELATIONSHIP TO TRAFFIC SAFETY (2003)

This study examines the effect of traffic density on the occurrence of collisions caused by driver fatigue. Selected motorways, dual carriageway and single carriageway roads were considered at a range of traffic flows over a 2-year period in the UK. The primary data were collected from police accident report forms, witness statements, police statements and postal questionnaires. Reports from accident investigation units were also included. It was found that 17% of the 1828 accidents causing death or serious injury were sleep-related. The percentage of sleep-related accidents was highest on the M40 motorway and lowest on the A19 single carriageway. 85% of the sleep-related accidents were caused by men and 15% by women. Young male and female drivers were at much higher risk than older drivers. The rate of sleep-related accidents per mile per year was positively correlated with traffic density (as were all accidents). On motorways the relationship between higher traffic density and sleep-related accidents did not hold true, possibly because the additional vehicles created a more interesting driving environment.
<title>Model-based sensor fusion</title> (1992)

Fusion of information from multiple sources is an increasingly important area of research and application. This problem is often complicated by various sensors having different limitations and fields of view. Further complications result from the absence of prior knowledge. In addition to fusing diverse information, it is also necessary to manage multiple sensors with various limitations efficiently for optimal overall system performance. We have solved this set of problems using the MLANS neural network that employs model based approach and fuzzy decision logic.
B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Modulates Ghrelin, Hunger, and Satiety in Healthy Men (2012)

Chronic heart failure is accompanied by anorexia and increased release of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) from ventricular cardiomyocytes. The pathophysiological mechanisms linking heart failure and appetite regulation remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the impact of intravenous BNP administration on appetite-regulating hormones and subjective ratings of hunger and satiety in 10 healthy volunteers. Participants received in a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover, single-blinded study (subject) placebo once and 3.0 pmol/kg/min human BNP-32 once administered as a continuous infusion during 4 h. Circulating concentrations of appetite-regulating peptides were measured hourly. Subjective ratings of hunger and satiety were evaluated by visual analog scales. BNP inhibited the fasting-induced increase in total and acylated ghrelin concentrations over time (P = 0.043 and P = 0.038, respectively). In addition, BNP decreased the subjective rating of hunger (P = 0.009) and increased the feeling of satiety (P = 0.012) when compared with placebo. There were no significant changes in circulating peptide YY, glucagon-like peptide 1, oxyntomodulin, pancreatic polypeptide, leptin, and adiponectin concentrations. In summary, our results demonstrate that BNP exerts anorectic effects and reduces ghrelin concentrations in men. These data, taken together with the known cardiovascular properties of ghrelin, support the existence of a heart-gut-brain axis, which could be therapeutically targeted in patients with heart failure and obesity.
Purification and properties of a Bacillus subtilis endonuclease specific for apurinic sites in DNA. (1978)

An endonuclease which hydrolyzes depurinated DNA has been purified from extracts of Bacillus subtilis cells. The endonuclease is a monomeric protein and has a molecular weight of around 56,000. The enzyme is specific for apurinic sites in double-stranded DNA, has a pH optimum at 8.0, and is slightly stimulated with 50 mM NaCl but completely inhibited with 500 mM NaCl. It requires no divalent cations and is insensitive to EDTA; it has no associated exonuclease. These properties are very similar to those of Escherichia coli endonuclease IV, which is also insensitive to EDTA and has no exonuclease activity, and very different from those of the main endonuclease for apurinic sites (endonuclease IV) of the same bacterium.
Les récepteurs couplés aux protéines G dans la lumière (2012)

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) are the largest family of integral membrane proteins found in the plasma membrane of mammalian cells. GPCR respond to a large variety of ligands such as amines, lipids, hormones and amino-acids, which are involved in inter-cellular signalling events in a multitude of physiological and pathological processes. GPCRs are therefore key regulators of signal transduction by which cells respond to variations in their environment. During the last five years, striking progress has been made to solve high-resolution structure of GPCR. The most recent successes are the structures of the β(1) and β(2) adrenoreceptors and the adenosine A(2A) receptor bound to a variety of agonists. Most importantly, the structure of the β(2) adrenoreceptor in complex with a trimeric G protein, Gs, was recently reported. This review will present an overview of the X-ray structure determination of the GPCR and of their activation mechanism.
Water-dispersible “carbon nanopods” with controllable graphene layer orientation (2009)

A pod-like form of a hollow nanocarbon "carbon nanopod" with controllable graphene layer orientation and good water-dispersibility has been synthesized with extremely high selectivity and without any impurities.
Vitamin E and selenium: contrasting and interacting nutritional determinants of host resistance to parasitic and viral infections (1995)

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New Ideas on the Mechanism of Direct Syntheses of Alkyl(aryl)chlorosilanes (1975)

Studies on the direct syntheses of alkyl(aryl)chlorosilanes, which have served as a basis for the development of new ideas on the reaction mechanism formulated mainly in the last 2–3 years, are reviewed. The direct syntheses are used in the industrial manufacture of the most important organosilicon monomers. The new ideas on the mechanism proved to be extremely useful in determining the rules for the control of technological processes. The ideas concerning the specific role of chlorine transfer processes and the chain mechanism of the formation of alkyl(aryl)chlorosilanes which are discussed here were not dealt with in the previous reviews. The bibliography includes 204 references.
Entanglement stabilization using ancilla-based parity detection and real-time feedback in superconducting circuits (2019)

Abstract Fault-tolerant quantum computing relies on the ability to detect and correct errors, which in quantum error correction codes is typically achieved by projectively measuring multi-qubit parity operators and by conditioning operations on the observed error syndromes. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the use of an ancillary qubit to repeatedly measure the ZZ and XX parity operators of two data qubits and to thereby project their joint state into the respective parity subspaces. By applying feedback operations conditioned on the outcomes of individual parity measurements, we demonstrate the real-time stabilization of a Bell state with a fidelity of F ≈ 74% in up to 12 cycles of the feedback loop. We also perform the protocol using Pauli frame updating and, in contrast to the case of real-time stabilization, observe a steady decrease in fidelity from cycle to cycle. The ability to stabilize parity over multiple feedback rounds with no further reduction in fidelity provides strong evidence for the feasibility of executing stabilizer codes on timescales much longer than the intrinsic coherence times of the constituent qubits.
Extracting patterns of morphometry distinguishing HIV associated neurodegeneration from mild cognitive impairment via group cardinality constrained classification (2016)

HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND) is the most common constellation of cognitive dysfunctions in chronic HIV infected patients age 60 or older in the U.S. Only few published methods assist in distinguishing HAND from other forms of age-associated cognitive decline, such as Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). In this report, a data-driven, nonparameteric model to identify morphometric patterns separating HAND from MCI due to non-HIV conditions in this older age group was proposed. This model enhanced the potential for group separation by combining a smaller, longitudinal data set containing HAND samples with a larger, public data set including MCI cases. Using cross-validation, a linear model on healthy controls to harmonize the volumetric scores extracted from MRIs for demographic and acquisition differences between the two independent, disease-specific data sets was trained. Next, patterns distinguishing HAND from MCI via a group sparsity constrained logistic classifier were identified. Unlike existing approaches, our classifier directly solved the underlying minimization problem by decoupling the minimization of the logistic regression function from enforcing the group sparsity constraint. The extracted patterns consisted of eight regions that distinguished HAND from MCI on a significant level while being indifferent to differences in demographics and acquisition between the two sets. Individually selecting regions through conventional morphometric group analysis resulted in a larger number of regions that were less accurate. In conclusion, simultaneously analyzing all brain regions and time points for disease specific patterns contributed to distinguishing with high accuracy HAND-related impairment from cognitive impairment found in the HIV uninfected, MCI cohort. Hum Brain Mapp 37:4523-4538, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Specificity of S fimbriae on recombinant Escherichia coli: preferential binding to gangliosides expressing NeuGc alpha (2-3)Gal and NeuAc alpha (2-8)NeuAc (1993)

The adhesins of Escherichia coli strains HB101(pANN801-13) and HB101(pAZZ50), which express S fimbriae encoded by a recombinant plasmid containing the sfaI and sfaII gene clusters, respectively, were characterized with regard to the detailed structural requirements of their binding to sialyloligosaccharides on (neo)glycoproteins and (neo)glycolipids. From binding and binding inhibition studies in solid-phase enzyme immunoassays with isolated S fimbriae, several major conclusions can be drawn. S fimbriae bind specifically to sialic acid on gangliosides. The most active structural variant of sialic acid on GM3 ganglioside is N-glycolylneuraminic acid (NeuGc). In contrast to previous reports, high binding activities were measured also for b-series gangliosides expressing NeuAc alpha (2-8)NeuAc. In agreement with earlier studies, the site of sialic acid substitution to subterminal sugars strongly influences the binding to sialyloligosaccharides, i.e., alpha-6-linked sialic acid is only poorly recognized by the adhesin compared with alpha-3-linked sialic acid. C-8 and C-9 hydroxyl groups form essential structural elements of sialic acid in the binding event.
Downstream regulatory element antagonistic modulator regulates islet prodynorphin expression (2006)

Calcium-binding proteins regulate transcription and secretion of pancreatic islet hormones. Here, we demonstrate neuroendocrine expression of the calcium-binding downstream regulatory element antagonistic modulator (DREAM) and its role in glucose-dependent regulation of prodynorphin (PDN) expression. DREAM is distributed throughout beta- and alpha-cells in both the nucleus and cytoplasm. As DREAM regulates neuronal dynorphin expression, we determined whether this pathway is affected in DREAM(-/-) islets. Under low glucose conditions, with intracellular calcium concentrations of <100 nM, DREAM(-/-) islets had an 80% increase in PDN message compared with controls. Accordingly, DREAM interacts with the PDN promoter downstream regulatory element (DRE) under low calcium (<100 nM) conditions, inhibiting PDN transcription in beta-cells. Furthermore, beta-cells treated with high glucose (20 mM) show increased cytoplasmic calcium (approximately 200 nM), which eliminates DREAM's interaction with the DRE, causing increased PDN promoter activity. As PDN is cleaved into dynorphin peptides, which stimulate kappa-opioid receptors expressed predominantly in alpha-cells of the islet, we determined the role of dynorphin A-(1-17) in glucagon secretion from the alpha-cell. Stimulation with dynorphin A-(1-17) caused alpha-cell calcium fluctuations and a significant increase in glucagon release. DREAM(-/-) islets also show elevated glucagon secretion in low glucose compared with controls. These results demonstrate that PDN transcription is regulated by DREAM in a calcium-dependent manner and suggest a role for dynorphin regulation of alpha-cell glucagon secretion. The data provide a molecular basis for opiate stimulation of glucagon secretion first observed over 25 years ago.
A novel β-endorphin binding protein (1989)

Human beta-endorphin (1-31) (beta H-endorphin) was found to specifically interact with purified complement S protein from human plasma. As found by chemical cross-linking beta H-endorphin bound to both, the 65- and 75-kDa molecular mass forms of S protein. The interaction of S protein with heparin as well as the adsorption of S protein to surfaces led to an almost 10-fold increase of specific binding which was due to the exposure of further beta H-endorphin-binding sites. The interaction of beta H-endorphin with S protein bore characteristics of a ligand-receptor interaction, such as time dependence, reversibility, high affinity, saturability, and structural specificity and was mediated through the non-opioid COOH terminus of the beta H-endorphin molecule. beta H-Endorphin binding to S protein was observed at physiological pH or cation concentrations, indicating that the interaction may well occur in vivo. Our results provide conclusive evidence that interactions of S protein with very different effectors led to similar conformational changes which uniformly resulted in exposure of a highly specific beta H-endorphin binding domain on S protein. With S protein as major beta H-endorphin-binding protein in the periphery, the molecular basis of a widespread system of humoral target sites of the neuroendocrine effector appears to be established. In view of S protein involvement in processes of inflammation and wound repair and beta-endorphin effects on immunocompetent cells, the demonstrated S protein-beta H-endorphin interaction appears to be of considerable functional significance.
The influence of the temperature coefficient of refractive index on a thermal imager (1981)

The temperature coefficient of refractive index for germanium was determined in the 8-12 micrometers and 3-5 micrometers wavebands. The Strehl intensity ratio and frequency response of an optical system are related to a lens temperature changes, and a simple factor for a comparison of different lens materials is included. The relative change in minimum resolvable temperature difference MRTD of a thermal imaging system is shown for a defocused optical system, where the defocus is related to a lens temperature change. It is shown that the criterion for a good optical performance may be applied to the relative change in MRTD for a thermal imager, and that the Marechal approximation to the Strehl ratio may be used to determine a tolerance upon a change in lens temperature. (Author)
An all-digital spike-based ultra-low-power IR-UWB dynamic average threshold crossing scheme for muscle force wireless transmission (2015)

We introduce an Impulse Radio Ultra-Wide Band (IR-UWB) radio transmission scheme for miniaturized biomed-ical applications based on a dynamic and adaptive voltage thresholding of surface Electro Myo Graphy (sEMG) signals. The amplified sEMG signal is compared to a DAC-generated threshold computed from the previous 1-bit history by custom digital control logic running at 2kHz clock and implementing an ad-hoc algorithm (Dynamic Average Threshold Crossing, D-ATC). The resulting events and the associated digitized voltage level can be both asynchronously radiated through IR-UWB. Analyzes show that the scheme is robust w.r.t. the sEMG signal variability and correlates by ∼96% with regard to raw muscle force information after signal is recomputed at the RX. This paper compares D-ATC with regard to a fixed threshold system and an Average Threshold Crossing (ATC) demonstrating improved robustness, and introduces the thresholding algorithm verified on a dataset of 190 sEMG recorded signals. The applied threshold resolution has been optimized to both minimize the size of transmitted data and to guarantee good correlation performance. The paper concludes with post-synthesis results of the D-ATC compact digital control logic in a 0.18μm CMOS process, demonstrating an extremely low power consumption at very low active area expenses.
A multi-service multi-role integrated information model for dynamic resource discovery in virtual networks (2013)

Network virtualization is considered as a promising way to overcome the limitations and fight the gradual ossification of the current Internet infrastructure. The network virtualization concept consists in the dynamic creation of several co-existing logical network instances (or virtual networks) over a shared physical network infrastructure. One of the challenges associated with this concept is the dynamic discovery and selection of virtual resources that can be composed to form virtual networks. To achieve that task, there is a need for a formal and expressive information model facilitating information representation and sharing between the various roles/entities involved. We have previously proposed a service-oriented hierarchical business model for virtual networking environments, as well as an architecture enabling its realization. In this paper, we build on this business model and architecture by proposing a multiservice, multi-role hierarchical information model, for virtual networking environments. Furthermore, we demonstrate the usage of this information model using a secure content distribution scenario that is realized using REST interfaces. Unlike other proposals, our integrated information model enables the fine-grained description of virtual networks and virtual networking resources, in addition to the modeling of network services and roles, and their relationships and hierarchy.
STUDIES ON COAGULATION AND FIBRINOLYSLS IN BLOOD FROM PUERPERAL WOMEN WITH AND WITHOUT OESTROGEN TREATMENT (1975)

Coagulation and fibrinolytic studies were made on 25 women who had a normal puerperium and breast fed their babies and on 32 otherwise healthy women who had lactation suppressed by diethylstilboestrol. In the untreated patients the fibrinogen, Factors VIII and IX, platelet count, and antifibrinolytic activity increased, and the levels of Factors II, VII, and X and of plasminogen and plasminogen proactivator decreased. The incidence of cold activation of Factor VII decreased slowly from the 5th postpartum day onwards. The concentration of antithrombin III which was depressed in pregnancy, increased in the puerperium and was the only observed change that counteracted an increased coagulation potential. Oestrogen treatment produced further increases of Factors II, VII, and X, platelet count, and the cold activation of Factor VII while it decreased the concentration of antithrombin III. These changes favoured coagulation but were possibly to some degree counterbalanced by an increased concentration of plasminogen and decreased antifibrinolytic activity.
Kerr Cell Measuring System for High Voltage Pulses (1964)

This paper describes a system to measure, with very high resolution, high voltage pulses. The system is based on a unique application of the electro-optic Kerr effect and measures voltage pulses with magnitudes from 3×104 to 1×105 V. This technique also could be used to measure higher voltages by changing the separation of the Kerr cell plates. The system has a linear frequency response to approximately 100 MHz. Unlike the resolution of other voltage-measuring systems, the resolution of this system increases as the voltage pulse increases towards its peak value. The peak pulse magnitude can be measured with a resolution of better than 0.1%. The system can be calibrated so that the measured value of the peak voltage should be accurate to within ±1% of the true value. This high resolution is obtained by modulation of a constant intensity light source by action of a Kerr cell. The electric field intensity resulting from the high voltage pulse causes phase differences as great as 25π radians between light components in the Kerr cell. Consequently, many light cycles are obtained during the voltage rise of the pulse. This produces extreme resolution near the peak of the pulse. Near the peak, a 2% change in voltage results in a 100% change in light intensity.
Evaluation of peppermint oil and ascorbyl palmitate as inhibitors of cytochrome P4503A4 activity in vitro and in vivo (2002)

Peppermint oil, menthol, menthyl acetate, and ascorbyl palmitate were moderately potent reversible inhibitors of in vitro CYP3A4 activity. Grapefruit juice increased the oral bioavailability of felodipine by inhibition of CYP3A4-mediated presystemic drug metabolism. Peppermint oil may also have acted by this mechanism. However, this requires further investigation. Ascorbyl palmitate did not inhibit CYP3A4 activity in vivo.