gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Infrastructure-less Occupancy Detection and Semantic Localization in Smart Environments (2015)

Accurate estimation of localized occupancy related informa- tion in real time enables a broad range of intelligent smart environment applications. A large number of studies using heterogeneous sensor arrays reflect the myriad requirements of various emerging pervasive, ubiquitous and participato
Analysis and improvement on IPSec anti-replay window protocol (2004)

The anti-replay sliding window is used in IPSec to resist the replay attack. However, when experiencing the severe packet reordering, IPSec anti-replay sliding window can potentially drop a lot of good but late packets, thus the end-to-end performance is dramatically degraded. In this paper, we rigorously analyze the performance of IPSec anti-replay sliding window under the different reordering models and then come up with a set of robust anti-replay window protocols. The performance and efficiency of each protocol are compared through the simulation. Also we argue that by deploying our new proposal, it is possible to dramatically reduce the overhead of IPSec and save a lot of bandwidth.
Linearly separable pattern classification using memristive crossbar circuits (2014)

This paper presents a practical approach for the classification of linearly separable patterns using a single-layer perceptron network implemented with a memristive crossbar circuit (synaptic network) and a CMOS Op-Amps based neuron. Memristors (resistors with memory) promise the efficient implementation of synapses in artificial neural networks, as they bears astonishing resemblance to the biological synapses in its functionality, performance and integration capability. The proposed design of memristive perceptron is implemented in HSPICE and trained using the Matlab software by applying the perceptron learning rule. In order to analyze the performance of the proposed memristive crossbar circuit based perceptron design, a comparison is made with the existing MOS technology based synaptic network design. The simulation results thus obtained motivate the efficient implementation of sophisticated multi-layer neuromorphic systems with memristive crossbar circuits in the near future.
Experimental comparison of pixel detector arrays and CCD-based systems for X-ray area detection on synchrotron beamlines (2005)

We compared the detection characteristics of a pixel area X-ray detector, Medipix-2, with those of a CCD-based X-ray detector. The goal was to challenge the overall imaging performance of the emerging pixel area detection technique against that of a well-known detection device, in view of applications on synchrotron beamlines. A CCD-based detector was chosen as the reference because of the intensive and widespread use of CCD systems on beamlines. In order to establish the comparison on an absolute side-by-side basis we built an optimized CCD-based system with the same input pixel size as Medipix-2 and we characterized both systems in identical conditions. We present the results obtained, in particular the frequency-dependent noise, spatial response and DQE. We also report on various test experiments with Medipix-2 in X-ray scattering and X-ray imaging using a synchrotron source.
Determination of volume of arterial blood flow by an ultrasonic device (1981)

This paper describes the results of a reevaluation of the reliability of a newly developed ultrasonic volume flow meter which was developed by Yoshimura and his co-workers (1978). Measurements of volume blood flow (cc/sec) by this new technique were compared with measurement by the electromagnet flow meter. Experiments were performed with an in vitro model as well as with physiological pulsatile flow in an animal model. Results of the study indicated a high degree of correlation between values measured by both techniques with a correlation coefficient of 0.99 I believe that this is an important technical development in the field of noninvasive quantitative determination of blood flow.
Searching for Accurate Binary Neural Architectures (2019)

Binary neural networks have attracted tremendous attention due to the efficiency for deploying them on mobile devices. Since the weak expression ability of binary weights and features, their accuracy is usually much lower than that of full-precision (i.e. 32-bit) models. Here we present a new frame work for automatically searching for compact but accurate binary neural networks. In practice, number of channels in each layer will be encoded into the search space and optimized using the evolutionary algorithm. Experiments conducted on benchmark datasets and neural architectures demonstrate that our searched binary networks can achieve the performance of full-precision models with acceptable increments on model sizes and calculations.
A Study of the Effect of Heat-Treatment on the Morphology of Nafion Ionomer Dispersion for Use in the Passive Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC) (2012)

Aggregation in heat-treated Nafion ionomer dispersion and 117 membrane are investigated by 1H and 19F Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectra, spin-lattice relaxation time, and self-diffusion coefficient measurements. Results demonstrate that heat-treatment affects the average Nafion particle size in aqueous dispersions. Measurements on heat-treated Nafion 117 membrane show changes in the 1H isotropic chemical shift and no significant changes in ionic conductivity. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of prepared cathode catalyst layer containing the heat-treated dispersions reveals that the surface of the electrode with the catalyst ink that has been pretreated at ca. 80 °C exhibits a compact and uniform morphology. The decrease of Nafion ionomer's size results in better contact between catalyst particles and electrolyte, higher electrochemically active surface area, as well as significant improvement in the DMFC's performance, as verified by electrochemical analysis and single cell evaluation.
Introduction (2006)

On June 2, 2003, the Republican-dominated Federal Communications Commission took a predictable step in its seemingly unstoppable movement toward media deregulation. It announced a major relaxation of its already relaxed rules restricting media concentration. The communications sector, the FCC found, is rife with competition. Ownership concentration presents little threat. More surprisingly, reducing restrictions on media mergers produced a storm of protest, from both the left and right, involving more vocalized public opposition than any FCC action ever. The FCC basically ignored nearly two million people of all political persuasions who registered their opposition. William Safire argued that “concentration of [media] power … should be anathema to conservatives.” Safire credited much of the effectiveness of “the growing grass roots” movement “against giantism” in the media to “right-wing outfits,” although he also noted the role of progressives including Bill Moyers. Opposition was not without at least temporary effect. Congress partially reversed the FCC action. Then the Third Circuit Court of Appeals found most of the remainder unjustified, sending the relaxed rules back to the FCC for reconsideration.
An Entropy Masking Model for Image and Video Watermarking (2003)

본 논문에서는 정지 영상과 동영상 컨텐츠에 적용하기 위한 새로운 워터마크 설계 가이드라인을 제공한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 워터마크 설계 방법은 인간 시각 시스템 내의 시각 세포들의 기본적인 동작 특성인 상호간섭 및 배제 작용을 이용하여, 각각의 영상 컨텐츠의 특성을 반영하여 최대한의 워터마크 강도를 구하는데 있다. 영상 컨텐츠의 최대 워터마크를 결정할 수 있다면, 자연스럽게 워터마크의 강인성이 증가되어 일반적인 영상처리 공격이나 MPEG 공격에도 강인하게 동작한 수 있다. 정지영상에서는 여러 단계의 에지 성분이 나타나게 됨에 따라 인간 시각 시스템의 민감도가 급감하게 되고, 동영상에서는 움직임이 세밀해지고 또는 많아질수록 민감도가 급감한다는 점을 모델링하기 위해, 본 논문에서는 정지 영상에서의 엔트로피 마스킹과 동영상에서의 움직임 엔트로피 마스킹을 이용하여 민감도 저하 현상을 모델링하였다. 또한, (움직임) 엔트로피 마스킹 모델을 기존의 워터마크 기법에 적용한 결과를 통해, 일반적인 워터마크 기법에 엔트로피 마스킹을 더함으로써, 워터마크의 투명성을 늘리고, 자연스럽게 워터마크의 강건성을 늘릴 수 있음을 보였다. We present a new watermark design tool for digital images and digital videos that are based on human visual system (HVS) characteristics. In this tool, basic mechanisms (inhibitory and excitatory behaviour of cells) of HVS are used to determine image dependent upper bound values on watermark insertion. This allows us to insert maximai allowable transparent watermark, which in turn is extremely hard to attack with common image processing, Motion Picture Experts Group (MPEG) compression. As the number of details (e.g. edges) increases in an image, the HVS decrease its sensitivity to the details. In the same manner, as the number of motion increases in a video signal, the HVS decrease its sensitivity to the motions. We model this decreased sensitivity to the details and motions as an (motion) entropy masking. Entropy masking model can be efficiently used to increase the robustness of image and video watermarks. We have shown that our entropy-masking model provides watermark scheme with increased transparency and henceforth increased robustness.
The inheritance of high oleic acid content in peanut of virginia type in USA (2000)

The results showed two recessive genes (ol_(1)ol_(1)ol_(2)ol_(2)) controlling the high oleic acid trait and showed simple monogenic inheritance in F_(2) and BC_(n+1) S_(1) generation. A ratio of 3:1 (normal to high oleic) had been obtained in those populations. Which suggested that mixture of Ol_(1)Ol_(1)ol_(2)ol_(2) and ol_(1)ol_(1)Ol_(2)Ol_(2) genotypes might be common, while the ol_(1)ol_(1)ol_(2)ol_(2) genotype like F435 might be rare in peanut germplasm of the USA. When the proportion of genes from F435 was reduced through backcrossing to less than 6.3%, fatty acid composition remained similar to the original F435 line. Agronomic characteristics were not observed to be affected by the fatty acid composition change. Palmitic, oleic and linoleic acids together constitute 90% of most peanut oil.
Thermal Diffusion in Ionized Gases (1958)

Thermal diffusion in mixed gases depends on a `thermal diffusion factor ' α, which is less than unity in all known neutral gas mixtures (in which the particles have no electric charge).
<i>N</i>-Trifluoromethylthio-dibenzenesulfonimide: A Shelf-Stable, Broadly Applicable Electrophilic Trifluoromethylthiolating Reagent (2016)

The super electrophilicity of a shelf-stable, easily prepared trifluoromethylthiolating reagent N-trifluoromethylthio-dibenzenesulfonimide 7 was demonstrated. Consistent with the theoretical prediction, 7 exhibits reactivity remarkably higher than that of other known electrophilic trifluoromethylthiolating reagents. In the absence of any additive, 7 reacted with a wide range of electron-rich arenes and activated heteroarenes under mild conditions. Likewise, reactions of 7 with styrene derivatives can be fine-tuned by simply changing the reaction solvents to generate trifluoromethylthiolated styrenes or oxo-trifluoromethylthio or amino-trifluoromethylthio difunctionalized compounds in high yields.
A voronoi diagram‐visibility graph‐potential field compound algorithm for robot path planning (2004)

Abstract Numerous methods have been developed to solve the motion planning problem, among which the Voronoi diagram, visibility graph, and potential fields are well‐known techniques. In this paper, a new path planning algorithm is presented where these three methods are integrated for the first time in a single architecture. After constructing the generalized Voronoi diagram of C‐space, we introduce a novel procedure for its abstraction, producing a pruned generalized Voronoi diagram . A broad freeway net is then developed through a new α‐ MID (maximal inscribed discs) concept. A potential function is assigned to the net to form an obstacle‐free network of valleys. Afterwards we take advantage of a bidirectional search, where the visibility graph and potential field modules execute alternately from both start and goal configurations. A steepest descent mildest ascent search technique is used for local planning and avoiding local minima. The algorithm provides a parametric tradeoff between safest and shortest paths and generally yields shorter paths than the Voronoi and potential field methods, and faster than the visibility graph. It also performs well in complicated environments. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Interaction Analysis through Proteomic Phage Display (2014)

Phage display is a powerful technique for profiling specificities of peptide binding domains. The method is suited for the identification of high-affinity ligands with inhibitor potential when using highly diverse combinatorial peptide phage libraries. Such experiments further provide consensus motifs for genome-wide scanning of ligands of potential biological relevance. A complementary but considerably less explored approach is to display expression products of genomic DNA, cDNA, open reading frames (ORFs), or oligonucleotide libraries designed to encode defined regions of a target proteome on phage particles. One of the main applications of such proteomic libraries has been the elucidation of antibody epitopes. This review is focused on the use of proteomic phage display to uncover protein-protein interactions of potential relevance for cellular function. The method is particularly suited for the discovery of interactions between peptide binding domains and their targets. We discuss the largely unexplored potential of this method in the discovery of domain-motif interactions of potential biological relevance.
An efficient software/hardware architecture for the IEEE 802.11n block ACK mechanism (2008)

Block ACK mechanism has been proposed in IEEE 802.11e to improve medium access control (MAC) layer performance. It is also a promising technique in the recent draft of the 802.11n MAC. In this paper, we proposed an efficient software/hardware architecture for the IEEE 802.11n HT (high throughput) immediate block ACK mechanism. This architecture takes into account the effects of both performance and implementation cost. We present experimental results to compare performance of the HT immediate block ACK method and the legacy normal ACK and show that our scheme is efficient.
Endothelial dysfunction in rat adjuvant‐induced arthritis: Vascular superoxide production by NAD(P)H oxidase and uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase (2006)

Abstract Objective To investigate endothelial function and levels of vascular oxidative stress in rat adjuvant‐induced arthritis (AIA), in view of mounting evidence for an association between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and accelerated vascular disease. Methods Thoracic aortic rings were prepared from AIA and control rats. After preconstriction by norepinephrine, the vasodilatory response to acetylcholine was determined. The amounts of 4‐hydroxy‐2‐nonenal (HNE) and nitrotyrosine in AIA rat aortas were measured by Western blotting. Homogenates of the aortas were incubated with various substrates for superoxide‐producing enzymes, and superoxide production was assessed by fluorogenic oxidation of dihydroethidium to ethidium. Expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in aortas was examined by real‐time reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. Serum levels of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH 4 ), a critical eNOS cofactor, were determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography. Results Endothelium‐dependent relaxation of the aortic ring was significantly depressed in AIA rats compared with control rats. The amounts of HNE and nitrotyrosine were increased in AIA rat aortas, indicating overproduction of reactive oxygen species. Incubation of AIA rat aorta homogenates with NADH or L ‐arginine, a substrate of eNOS, resulted in a significant increase in superoxide production. Endothelial NOS was highly expressed in AIA rat aortas. Serum levels of BH 4 were significantly lower in AIA. Treatment of AIA with BH 4 reversed the endothelial dysfunction, suggesting that its deficiency may contribute to the uncoupling of eNOS. Conclusion Vascular dysfunction in RA can be partially modeled in animals. NAD(P)H oxidase and uncoupled eNOS are responsible for the increase in vascular oxidative stress, which is likely to be involved in the endothelial dysfunction in AIA.
Exploring the User Experience in Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems (2018)

Typ 1-diabetes kräver ordentlig uppsyn dag och natt för att upprätthålla ett fungerande\nliv. Idag använder människor allt oftare kontinuerlig glukosövervakning (CGM) för att\nhantera sin diabetessjukdom. Detta system mäter blodsockernivån genom en sensor som\nplaceras på användarens hud. Användaren skannar sedan sensorn med en handenhet eller\nmobilapplikation för att läsa av den nuvarande blodsockernivån och i vilken riktning\nblodsockret är på väg. Forskare föreslår att för att kunna skapa den bästa\nanvändarupplevelsen för diabetespatienter måste designers verkligen förstå användarna och\nhur de interagerar med sina CGM-system, vilket är målet med denna studie.\nProblemen med nuvarande CGM-system är att i många fall upplevs navigeringsstrukturen\nsom otydlig och att det finns brister i användarupplevelsen. På grund av sjukdomens\nkomplexitet är kategorisering i navigeringen avgörande för att användarna ska kunna förstå\ngränssnittet. Det här är ett område som de flesta studier tar upp, men en väl utformad\nlösning har ännu inte presenterats. Den centrala delen för att användarna ska kunna förstå\ninformationen är genom att involvera slutanvändare i designprocessen. Medicinsk\ninformation kan vara svår att förstå och när denna information presenteras kan användaren\nfå en känsla av ”information overload”. Patienterna vill ha ett väl utformat verktyg för att\nhantera sin sjukdom. Tidigare studier visar även att patienter vill ha ett system för alla\nsina behov, ett så kallat ”system of systems”, snarare än flera separata system.\nDenna studie syftar till att undersöka tre av de tillgängliga produkterna på den svenska\nmarknaden för att förstå användarens behov och användarupplevelsen av dessa produkter.\nGenom en intervju och enkätundersökning med slutanvändare samlas data in för att\nutvärdera de produkter som används idag. Resultatet från den första fasen analyseras och\nfynden lägger sedan grund för nästa fas, där en prototyp utvecklas. Prototypen är\nutformad för att validera resultatet av den nya navigeringsstrukturen och\nanvändarupplevelsen utifrån de problemområden som uppgetts i första fasen av studien.\nValideringen görs genom ytterligare en enkätundersökning där deltagarna får jämföra sin\nnuvarande produkt med den utvecklade prototypen, i samband med de förutbestämda\nfrågorna i System Usability Scale (SUS).\nDenna studie visar på att det är möjligt att skapa en bättre navigationsstruktur och\ninformationspresentation med gestaltlagarna i åtanke. Dock påpekas även behovet av att\nutföra ytterligare forskning av den tekniska lösning som krävs för att möjliggöra ett\n“system of system” för CGM-systemen.\n\nSökord: Användarbehov, Användarupplevelse, Design, Diabetes, Kontinuerlig Glukosövervakning
The Isolation and Estimation of the Poly- -hydroxy-butyrate Inclusions of Bacillus Species (1958)

SUMMARY: Treatment of the cells of various Bacillus spp. with an alkaline solution of sodium hypochlorite resulted in dissolution of the cells and liberation of the intracellular lipid inclusion bodies. Analyses of the isolated and purified inclusions of Bacillus cereus grown under a variety of cultural conditions showed them to contain about 89 % poly-β-hydroxybutyrate and 11% ether-soluble lipid. Parallel estimations of the poly-β -hydroxybutyrate content of intact organisms by Lemoigne’s chloroform extraction method showed that all of it was present in the lipid inclusions. These observations form the basis of a simple and rapid method of estimating the poly-β-hydroxybutyrate content of Bacillus spp. It consists essentially of digesting a washed bacterial suspension with a standard alkaline hypochlorite solution under standard conditions and measuring the residual turbidity.
A visual interactive simulation application for minimizing risk and improving outbound logistical efficiency in time-sensitive attended home deliveries and services (2014)

Outbound logistic initiatives for business-to-consumer attended home deliveries have conventionally been fraught with uncertainties due to random customer demand and the exorbitant operational costs of servicing individual residences. Exacerbating this uncertainty is the inability to adequately visualize order capture, vehicle dispatch, deliveries, and vehicle return with interactive simulation applications that permit intuitive and interactive sensitivity analyses by incorporating variables such as profitability, friction of transportation distance, and varying customer populations per regions. This research introduces and displays a visual simulation application that incorporates the above factors into an animated user interface while generating various data-intensive reports in real time. The fully functional application is planned to be implemented as a web service for enterprises either considering home-delivery initiatives, or as an in-house enterprise supply-chain optimization engine for firms looking to streamline their existing outbound “last-mile” logistic strategies.
Diagnosis and treatment of small cell carcinoma of the gastric cardia (2004)

Objective To sum up the clinical characteristics of small cell carcinoma of gastric cardia and to evaluate the prognostic factors in the patients with small cell carcinoma of gastric cardia. Methods During 12/ 1998 to 10/2001,20 cases of small cell carcinoma of gastric cardia were operated. A clinical review and analysis was performed for the 20 cases. Results The patients with small cell carcinoma of gastric cardia accounted for 2.0% (20/9%) of the patients with carcinomas of gastric cardia in the same period.The ratio of males to females was nine to one. All of the patients with small cell carcinoma were not distincdy diagnosed before operation. The overall resection rate was 100% .Overall one-year and two-year survival rates were 100% and 33.3% respectively. So far only one patient survived over three years. Conclusion Small cell carcinoma of gastric cardia is a rare and aggressive neoplasm with poor prognosis. Systemic treatment including chemotherapy is very important to improve the survival rate of the patients with small cell carcinoma of gastric cardia.
Preparing leaders for industry: The role of graduate education and early career training in the career trajectories of female STEM PhDs (2018)

Although the participation of women in STEM doctoral education has steadily increased, women are still underrepresented in leadership positions across employment sectors.Using data from