gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Signal processing system to quantify bilirubin in the jaundice clinical model spectra (2010)

Neonatal jaundice is a medical condition which occurs in newborns as a result of an imbalance between the production and elimination of bilirubin. Excess bilirubin in the blood stream diffuses into the surrounding tissue leading to a yellowing of the skin. An optical system integrated with a signal processing system is used as a platform to noninvasively quantify bilirubin concentration through the measurement of diffuse skin reflectance. Initial studies, based on simulated skin reflectance spectra have lead to the generation of a clinical model for neonatal jaundice which, generates spectral reflectance data for jaundiced skin with varying levels of bilirubin concentration in the tissue. The spectral database built using the jaundice clinical model is then used as a test database to validate the signal processing system in real time. This evaluation forms the basis for understanding the translation of this research to human trials. The new jaundice clinical model and signal processing system have been successful validated using a porcine model as a surrogate for neonatal skin tissue. Samples of pig skin were soaked in bilirubin solutions of varying concentrations to simulate jaundice skin conditions. The resulting skins samples were analyzed with our skin reflectance systems producing bilirubin concentration values that show a high correlation (R(2) = 0.96) to concentration of the bilirubin solution that each porcine tissue sample was soaked in‥
Solitons in Polyacetylene: Effects of Dilute Doping on Optical Absorption Spectra (1980)

The data in Fig. 1 were analyzed using an atmospheric scale height which was too low.The corrected figure (analyzed with a scale height of 8.0 km) is given below.This scale-height revision
Ranking and Suggesting Popular Items (2009)

We consider the problem of ranking the popularity of items and suggesting popular items based on user feedback. User feedback is obtained by iteratively presenting a set of suggested items, and users selecting items based on their own preferences either from this suggestion set or from the set of all possible items. The goal is to quickly learn the true popularity ranking of items (unbiased by the made suggestions), and suggest true popular items. The difficulty is that making suggestions to users can reinforce popularity of some items and distort the resulting item ranking. The described problem of ranking and suggesting items arises in diverse applications including search query suggestions and tag suggestions for social tagging systems. We propose and study several algorithms for ranking and suggesting popular items, provide analytical results on their performance, and present numerical results obtained using the inferred popularity of tags from a month-long crawl of a popular social book marking service. Our results suggest that lightweight, randomized update rules that require no special configuration parameters provide good performance.
Etude de la biologie des cellules dendritiques humaines par identification et analyse des gènes qu'elles expriment (1998)

Les cellules dendritiques (dc), presentes a l'etat de traces dans tout l'organisme, constituent la population de cellules presentatrices de l'antigene professionnelles, capable d'induire une reponse immune primaire specifique. Dans la premiere partie de cette etude, nous avons caracterise deux sous-populations de dc humaines, obtenues in vitro par differenciation de precurseurs cd34 + en reponse au gm-csf et au tnf. La sous-population de dc, derivant d'un precurseur cd1a +cd14 -, caracterisee par la presence des antigenes cd1a, lag, e-cadherine et de granules de birbeck, est apparentee aux cellules de langerhans ; l'autre issue d'un precurseur cd1a -cd14 +, exprimant le cd68 et le facteur xiiia, est plus proche des dc interstitielles/dermiques. L'analyse des cytokines produites par ces deux sous-populations a revele que les dc produisent de nombreuses cytokines et que differents signaux d'activation conduisent a des secretions de cytokines differentes. Seule la sous-population cd14 + secrete de l'il-10 suggerant ainsi un role particulier a ce type de dc dans les reponses de type humoral. Dans un second temps, nous avons recherche de nouveaux genes specifiques des dc. Nous avons identifie un nouveau gene, dc-lamp, dont l'expression proteique est restreinte aux dc matures ou dc interdigitees (idc) des organes lymphoides secondaires. Dc-lamp est exprime dans le compartiment miic, riche en molecules du cmh de classe ii, et pourrait etre implique dans les processus de presentation cmh classe ii/peptide. Nous avons egalement identifie une nouvelle metalloproteinase de la matrice (mt-mmp), deux nouvelles chemokines dendrokine/tarc et dctactin/mdc, tres fortement exprimees par les dc, et mis en evidence l'expression du nouveau recepteur a chemokine ccr6 dans les dc derivees des precurseurs cd34 +. La decouverte et l'analyse de ces nouveaux genes ouvrent des perpectives originales sur la comprehension du role des dc dans l'initiation de la reponse immunitaire.
Molecular Dynamics Study on the Mechanical Deformation of Hydrated Perfluorosulfonic Acid Polymer Membranes (2017)

Mechanical deformation has been proposed to influence the proton conduction of perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) polymer membranes. We conducted a series of all-atom molecular dynamics simulations to understand how stretching affects the structural and dynamic properties of hydrated membranes composed of different equivalent weights (EWs) of PFSA at different water contents. The simulations reveal that the Young’s modulus and yield stress of the membrane decreases with increasing water content, which is qualitatively in good agreement with experimental observations. When the PFSA membrane was stretched along a particular axis, the ionomer backbone chains became extended along the stretching direction and were aligned parallel to each other. The elongation of the ionomer backbone enhances hydronium ion diffusivity in the stretching direction at low water content. However, at high water content, the side chains orient themselves perpendicularly to the stretching direction in order to associate with free hydronium ions; this results in lower hydronium ion mobility. Furthermore, the higher EW PFSA is better aligned along the direction of stretching than the lower EW PFSA. The effect of stretching on proton transport is more pronounced in the higher EW PFSA membrane.
Simultaneous mesh repair of bilateral groin hernia: A comparison of laparoscopic and open techniques (1998)

SummaryThe optimal management of bilateral groin hernia remains contentious. We report a prospective study of all patients undergoing simultaneous mesh repair of bilateral groin hernia during a 1 year period at a single institution. Cases managed by open surgery were compared with those undergoing laparoscopic repair; duration of hospital stay and complication rate were the main end-points. 51 patients were studied; 18 had open surgery and 33 had a laparoscopic procedure. The patients in the laparoscopic group had a shorter hospital stay (median saving of 2.5 nights). Postoperative complications (predominantly haematoma, infection and urinary retention) were more common in the open surgery group (p < 0.01). There were no recurrences over the study period. In summary, laparoscopic repair was associated with a shorter hospital stay and lower postoperative complication rate when compared with conventional open surgery. We would commend this procedure as the operation of choice for the management of bilateral groin hernia.
OPERATIVE FIXATION OF TWO-PART FRACTURES OF THE PROXIMAL HUMERUS: A COMPARISON STUDY (2005)

Introduction and Aims: A retrospective review of the medical records and radiographs of patients treated with operative fixation of two-part proximal humerus fractures was undertaken to compare the results of different modes of fixation. Comparison was made between ORIF with a blade plate, percutaneous Kirschner wire fixation, and intramedullary nail fixation utilising a Polarus nail. Method: Thirty-six patients were treated with intramedullary fixation, 11 with blade plate fixation and 10 with percutaneous fixation, utilising Kirschner wires. Union rates were 34/36 (94%) for the Polarus nail, 9/10 (90%) for K-wire fixation and 9/11 (82%) for blade plate fixation. Time to union averaged 12.4 weeks for the Polarus nail, 11 weeks for K-wire fixation and 21 weeks for blade plate fixation. Average active shoulder range of motion in forward flexion/abduction were 125/118 degrees for intramedullary nail, 132/132 degrees for the blade plate and 112/111 degrees for patients treated with K-wire fixation. Results: The major discrepancy in comparison of the different modes of fixation was in the complication rate. Ten complications occurred in the group treated with intramedullary fixation. These included one non-union, one painless fibrous non-union and back out of the proximal interlocking screw in eight patients, five of which required screw removal. Seven of 11 patients treated with blade plate fixation experienced complications, including two non-unions, two malunions, two with functionally limiting heterotopic ossification, one arthrofibrosis and one with persistent pain. The complications associated with percutaneous Kirschner wire fixation included one non-union, two malunions, four developed functionally limiting heterotopic ossification, five incidences of early pin removal secondary to pin migration, one arthrofibrosis requiring surgical intervention and one infection requiring surgical irrigation and debridement. Conclusion: Results comparable in all groups. Fewer complications seen with intramedullary fixation. Majority of complications with Polarus nail related to backing out of proximal interlocking screw. Modification of implant to include end cap, which locks the proximal screw seems to eliminate complication. Results indicate that intramedullary nail fixation is superior to blade plate fixation or pecutaneous Kirschner wire fixation for two-part proximal humerus fractures.
OPTIMIZING THE TEXTURE ATTRIBUTES OF A FAT‐BASED SPREAD USING INSTRUMENTAL MEASUREMENTS (2011)

ABSTRACT Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to investigate the effects of a commercial stabilizer and hemp oil content on the texture of pumpkin seed oil press‐cake spreads, using a penetration test as part of instrumental texture profile analysis. The response variables were the most significant spread texture attributes: hardness, penetration work, elasticity and adhesiveness. Spreads were formulated according to a central composite, two factorial experimental designs on five levels. Both independent variables significantly affected the texture of the obtained spreads, which had an appearance and texture comparable to commercial peanut butter. In terms of the selected texture attributes determined by the instrumental analysis, the optimum combination of variables with 1–1.2% of added stabilizer and 20–40% of added hemp oil produced desirable spreads that mimic commercial peanut butter; however, they were not sticky. RSM helped to optimize the composition of the spreads to obtain the product with the minimum hardness, penetration work and adhesiveness with the maximum value for elasticity. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS This paper describes how the texture attributes of a novel fat‐based spread can be predicted using instrumental measurements, specifically a penetration test, while having peanut butter as a control sample to set desired value boundaries for each texture attribute separately. The penetration test was used to predict the texture of the spreads, compared with commercial peanut butter, without conducting the expensive and time‐consuming sensory evaluation of the product. The use of the response surface methodology and mathematical models could describe and predict experimental data of the component's content and to optimize the variables that mostly affected the spreads' texture. The described process can help in designing the spreads based on the pumpkin seed oil press‐cake with optimum texture properties. This screening technique can help the food industry to select formulations when new products are developed without using sensory panels at the product designing stage.
Severe acute malnutrition in children (2015)

Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) affects approx. 19 million children below five years of age in low and middle income countries. Both shortage and low quality of foods are important determinants of SAM. With the development of special ready-to-use foods and by using simple treatment protocols, it is now possible to treat SAM successfully outside hospitals and treatment centers thereby reducing the case-fatality rate. However, only a small percentage of children with SAM have access to correct treatment.
Performance of a multitone transceiver for data transmission over the copper segment in a fibre to the pedestal system (2002)

We determine the maximum bit rate that can be achieved by a multitone transceiver for either unidirectional or bidirectional data transmission on a single twisted pair cable of 50 m, which is used to connect the subscriber to an optical network unit at the pedestal. We show that for a given bit error rate of 10/sup -7/ and a 6 dB SNR margin, full duplex bit rates of 42-72 Mb/s can be achieved with transmit power levels of 10-100 mW. For simplex data transmission, data rates of 66-96 Mb/s can be obtained, using a transmit power of only 0.1-1 mW.
A New Method for the Detection and Quantitative Measurement of the Contents of Trichosanthes Root Component Composing Chinese Traditional Medicines. (1996)

A new method was developed to estimate the content of Trichosanthes root (TR) component in two Chinese traditional medicines. Characteristic antigens of TR were separated from TR extract using rabbit antiserum specific for TR, a dried root tuber of Trichosanthes kirilowii. Two selected antibody enzyme immunoassay (SAEIA) methods, the SAEIA A for assay of TR extract and the SAEIA B for assay of karasurin A were used as detection methods for the separation of TR antigens. Using several column chromatographies, two kinds of TR antigens, a protein component and a glycan component, were separated from TR extract. A SAEIA C method for assay of TR glycan component was developed using biotinylated second antibody and peroxidase-labeled avidin as the detection method. The SAEIA C was also found applicable for specific assay of TR extract as well as for the contents of TR component present in two Chinese traditional medicines, prescriptions of which contained TR. Content of trichosantin, an abortifacient protein component of T. kirilowii, in both the medicines were also measured by applying the SAEIA B for assay of karasurin A. Little trichosantin was found in either medicine and the reason for this was determined.
Metabolic Effects of Isoproterenol and Propranolol in Normal Subjects Before, During and After Triiodothyronine-Induced Hypermetabolism. (1967)

Effective beta adrenergic receptor blockade was produced in 8 normal men before, during and after a 14-day period of triiodothyronine-induced hypermetabolism. Triiodothyronine did not augment the increases in plasma levels of free fatty acids during infusions of graded doses of isopro-terenol. The increments in plasma FFA during isoproterenol administration were significantly attenuated by propranolol in the hy-permetabolic period as well as during the initial and final control periods. Neither isoproterenol nor propranolol produced any appreciable changes in blood glucose in any period. The results also suggest that beta adrenergic receptors may mediate the effects of isoproterenol upon free fatty acid mobilization but do not suggest a similar receptor role for regulation of blood sugar levels.
Electrochemical stability of (La,Sr)CoO<sub>3−δ</sub> in (La,Sr)CoO<sub>3−δ</sub>/(Ce, Gd)O<sub>2−δ</sub> heterostructures (2019)

A modulated coherent (La,Sr)CoO3-δ/(Ce,Gd)O2-δ heterostructure is characterized for the first time for its electronic and chemical properties. 2D-multilayer architectures are deposited on NdGaO3 (110) single crystal substrate by pulsed laser deposition, resulting in epitaxial structures with in-plane lattice rotation that, via the metal oxides' interfaces, induces mutual structural rearrangements. Our results show that (La,Sr)CoO3-d thin films of 10-100 nm are chemically unstable when exposed to air at 600 °C during electrical cyclic stress-tests. Conversely, improved stability is achieved confining LSC in the nanometric heterostructure. Remarkably, the chemical stabilization occurs without compromising substantially the electrical properties of the LSC component: the heterostructures show unexpected electrical behaviour with dominant electronic contributions, fast conductivity and mixed ionic-electronic properties, depending on the number of interfaces and the nano-scaled layers.
[Genetic variants of the complement components and HLA-antigens associated in patients with psoriasis vulgaris in Japanese]. (1989)

Genetic polymorphisms of the serum complement components (C2, C4, C6, and C7) and HLA-antigens were studied in Japanese patients with psoriasis vulgaris. Among these complement components, positive associations with C4A4 and C4B2 were obtained. In addition to the previously reported haplotypes HLA-Cw6-B13 and Cw6-Bw57-DR7, the extended haplotype HLA-Cw11-Bw46-C4A4. 4B2-BFS-C2C-DRw8 may be a high risk haplotype in Japanese patients with psoriasis vulgaris.
Modeling group fMRI data (2007)

The analysis of group fMRI data requires a statistical model known as the mixed effects model. This article motivates the need for a mixed effects model and outlines the different stages of the mixed model used to analyze group fMRI data. Different modeling options and their impact on analysis results are also described.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF A GENE EXPRESSION MICROARRAY EXPERIMENT WITH REPLICATION (2002)

Common ratio-based approaches for analyzing gene expression microarray data do not provide a framework for handling replication, although replication is clearly desirable for these noisy data. In contrast, replication fits naturally into analysis of variance (ANOVA) methods. We use ANOVA to analyze data from a microarray experiment to compare gene expression in drug-treated and control cells lines. We discuss issues that commonly arise in the analysis of microarray data, and present practical solutions to some common problems.
A guide to the heteromorphic deutonymphs or hypopi (Acarina: Hypoderidae) living under the skin of birds, with the description of<i>Ibisidectes debilis</i>gen. and sp. nov. from the scarlet ibis (1974)

Summary A key is provided to the known genera of Hypoderid mites living subcutaneously in the hypopial stage in birds. Recent knowledge is summarized of this family of mites, known earlier under the generic names Falculifer and ‘Hypodectes’. Ibisidectes debilis gen. & sp. nov. is described in the hypopial stage, found, with Neottialges eudocimae Pence, in the perimuscular fascial sheath and pectoral muscles of the scarlet ibis (Eudocimus ruber L.).
Stability of a strongly-attractive, two-component Fermi gas (2003)

Summary form only given. Using a simple model, we show that a strongly-attractive, two-component Fermi gas of atoms should be mechanically stable as a consequence of unitarity. We demonstrate this stability experimentally in a degenerate gas of /sup 6/Li atoms.
Improved prediction of the turbulence-shear contribution to wind noise pressure spectra (2011)

In previous research [Raspet et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 123(3), 1260-1269 (2008)], predictions of the low frequency turbulence-turbulence and turbulence-mean shear interaction pressure spectra measured by a large wind screen were developed and compared to the spectra measured using large spherical wind screens in the flow. The predictions and measurements agreed well except at very low frequencies where the turbulence-mean shear contribution dominated the turbulence-turbulence interaction pressure. In this region the predicted turbulence-mean shear interaction pressure did not show consistent agreement with microphone measurements. The predicted levels were often much larger than the measured results. This paper applies methods developed to predict the turbulence-shear interaction pressure measured at the ground [Yu et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 129(2), 622-632 (2011)] to improve the prediction of the turbulence-shear interaction pressure above the ground surface by incorporating a realistic wind velocity profile and realistic turbulence anisotropy. The revised prediction of the turbulence-shear interaction pressure spectra compares favorably with wind-screen microphone measurements in large wind screens at low frequency.
Instrumentation Performance during the TMI-2 Accid (2013)

The accident at the Three Mile Island Unit 2 (TMI-
Regulation of the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor by water intake and vasopressin in the rat kidney (1998)

The polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) transports polymeric immunoglobulins (IgA) from the basolateral to the apical surface of epithelial cells. At the apical surface, its amino-terminal domain, termed secretory component (SC), is proteolytically cleaved and released either unbound (free SC) or bound to IgA. We examined the effects of changes in water balance and vasopressin on the production and secretion of the pIgR in the rat kidney in vivo. Water deprivation induced a 2.7-fold increase in the pIgR mRNA and a 2.2-fold increase in intracellular pIgR protein compared with water-loaded animals. Physiological doses of desmopressin reproduced the effects of water deprivation on mRNA and intracellular protein levels, suggesting that pIgR expression may be regulated by a vasopressin-coupled mechanism. Secretion of free SC and secretory IgA in the urine, however, correlated directly with water intake and urine flow. These results suggest that hydration status and vasopressin may affect the mucosal immunity of the kidney by regulating at different steps the epithelial cell production and secretion of the polymeric immunoglobulin transporter/ secretory component.
Regional grey matter volumetric changes in forensic schizophrenia patients: an MRI study comparing the brain structure of patients who have seriously and violently offended with that of patients who have not (2008)

These regions are important in verbal working memory. The cerebellum may integrate inputs from ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and parietal regions, providing a corrective signal that refines the process of rehearing the contents of the phonological store. A strong connection has been hypothesized between the supramarginal region corresponding to BA 39/40 and Broca's area, which may correspond largely to the arcuate fasciculus, with the connectional pattern of the language regions of this model fitting the network of parietotemporal-prefrontal connections that participate in working memory. Therefore our results point to the possibility of an abnormality in neural circuits involved in verbal working memory in this group of patients.