gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of low molecular weight carbohydrates employing new binary mixtures for matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry (2008)

Various energy-absorbing substances, aminopyrazine (AP), 4,4'-azodianiline (ADA), and 1-chloro-4-hydroxyisoquinoline (CHIQ), together with their binary mixtures with existing acidic MALDI matrices were subjected to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) and evaluated for the analysis of low molecular weight carbohydrates. The newly introduced systems, especially AP and the combination of 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid and aminopyrazine (DHB-AP), have solved almost all the existing problems of the generally low sensitivity of carbohydrate analysis and of the strong background noise produced from single acidic matrices. In fact, especially at a mixing ratio of 3:1 (DHB/AP), outstanding results could be achieved, enabling the detection of analytes down to a concentration of 4 fmol/microL with mass accuracy of 37 ppm. The performance of the system was finally proven by analysing dextrins and biological samples each of which showed excellent signal intensity and signal-to-noise ratio.
Smart Built-Environments for People Living with Dementia (2018)

Ageing population is a world-wide rapidly growing phenomena [1,2]. Increased longevity is often associated with susceptibility to diseases which lead to cognitive or physical decline of human body. There are an estimated 47 million people worldwide living with dementia in 2015. According to a recent estimate, by 2035 the population of people living with dementia will double. With the current trends in population demographics, it is becoming increasingly difficult for governments worldwide to fully support the health and social care systems. One of a recent challenge for civil engineering is to create Dementia friendly communities and housing.
Genome Sequence of the Cat Pathogen, Chlamydophila felis (2006)

Chlamydophila felis (Chlamydia psittaci feline pneumonitis agent) is a worldwide spread pathogen for pneumonia and conjunctivitis in cats. Herein, we determined the entire genomic DNA sequence of the Japanese C. felis strain Fe/C-56 to understand the mechanism of diseases caused by this pathogen. The C. felis genome is composed of a circular 1,166,239 bp chromosome encoding 1005 protein-coding genes and a 7552 bp circular plasmid. Comparison of C. felis gene contents with other Chlamydia species shows that 795 genes are common in the family Chlamydiaceae species and 47 genes are specific to C. felis. Phylogenetic analysis of the common genes reveals that most of the orthologue sets exhibit a similar divergent pattern but 14 C. felis genes accumulate more mutations, implicating that these genes may be involved in the evolutional adaptation to the C. felis-specific niche. Gene distribution and orthologue analyses reveal that two distinctive regions, i.e. the plasticity zone and frequently gene-translocated regions (FGRs), may play important but different roles for chlamydial genome evolution. The genomic DNA sequence of C. felis provides information for comprehension of diseases and elucidation of the chlamydial evolution.
Stability of flow over plates with porous suction strips (1981)

This paper addresses the stability of two-dimensional, incompressible boundary-layer flow over plates with suction through porous strips. The mean flow is calculated using linearized triple-deck, closed-form solutions. The stability results of the triple-deck theory are shown to be in good agreement with those of the interacting boundary layers. Then different configurations of number, spacing, and mass flow rate through such porous strips are analyzed and compared with nonsimilar uniform-suction stability results from the point of view of applicability to laminar flow control.
Active contours and optical flow for automatic tracking of flying vehicles (2004)

In this paper, we describe fast implementations of optical flow and geometric active contours to reliably track flying vehicles. Given the position of the vehicle at time t-1, optical flow information is used to initially place an active contour in the basin of attraction of a region of interest in a given dynamical image at time t. For real-time tracking, fast convergence of the active contour as well as rapid computation of the optical flow are crucial. In this note, we describe algorithms that make fast tracking possible in this framework using only standard computing platforms.
ScvO2/lactate-ratio as prognostic factor of mortality in patients admitted to intensive care unit after cardiac surgery (2011)

Objectives: This study was performed to examine central venous oxygen saturation/lactate-ratio as prognostic factor of mortality in patients after cardiac surgery and its usefulness as a screening tool in postoperative intensive care.
Analytical Investigations of Bulk Wave Resonators in the Piezoelectric Thin Film on Gallium-Arsenide Configuration. (1985)

The results of earlier calculations of the quality factor of the piezoelectric thin film on semiconductor composite resonator due to radiation into the semiconductor wafer for the strip case both when trapping is and is not present are briefly discussed. Experimental verification of the results is noted. It is also noted that the direct calculation procedure is extremely cumbersome to use, but that it is required to check the accuracy of a perturbation procedure which is much easier to use. The perturbation procedure for the calculation of the quality factor of the composite resonator due to radiation into the semiconductor wafer is discussed and it is noted that the perturbation procedure enables calcualtions for the case of rectangular electrodes and diaphrams to be performed. It is further noted that for the strip case the calculations of the quality factor using the perturbation procedure are in good agreement with the results obtained from the earlier more cumbersome direct procedure. Keywords include: Piezoelectricity; Elasticity; Resonators; Bulk Waves; Thin Films; Semiconductor Wafers; Composite Resonators; Energy Trapping; Radiation; Quality Factor; Plate Vibrations.
Ash Behaviour in Biomass Fluidised-Bed Gasification (2005)

In biomass combustion, ash deposit formation is a common problem and has been studied by a number of researchers [Miles et al., 1995; Baxter and DeSollar, 1995; Nordin et al., 1995; Bryers, 1996; Miles et al., 1996; Moilanen et al., 1996]. There are also some observations about operational problems in fluidised-bed gasification processes, caused by ash. In pressurised steam-oxygen gasification of peat, ash deposits have been formed in the upper part of the gasifier and in the cyclones [Moilanen, 1993]. Furthermore, straw ash has been found to cause both bed sintering and deposit formation in air-blown gasification [Kurkela et al., 1996], These problems were difficult to overcome in strawalone gasification. In fact, the gasification temperature had to be reduced to below 800–850°C, which resulted in poor carbon conversion and high tar concentrations. On the other hand, co-gasification of coal and straw (up to 50wt% straw) could be carried out without any signs of ash problems in spite of high operation temperatures of the order of 950–980°C [Kurkela et al., 1996]. One variable of significance that was observed to prevent the detrimental behaviour of ash in the gasification process was carbon conversion and measures to achieve this [Kurkela et al., 1996; Skrifvars et al., 1995]. The completeness of fuel carbon conversion is dependent on the reactivity of residual char and the operating conditions. If the reactivity is high, ash is formed rapidly and, consequently, deposits are also formed rapidly. The gasification reactivity of the biomasses has been observed to vary within wide limits [Moilanen and Kurkela, 1995; Moilanen and Saviharju, 1997]. Ash and its composition can be regarded essential in this respect and they vary significantly in different biomasses [Wilen et al., 1996]. The ash components, mainly alkaline metal, contribute catalytically to the rate of gasification, which may increase or decrease as a function of conversion depending of the behaviour of catalytically active substances. However, it is rather unknown, in detail, how these substances react during the gasification of biomass chars.
An analytic-geometric model of the effect of spherically distributedinjection errors for Galileo and Ulysses spacecraft - The multi-stage problem (1988)

In previous work the problem of injecting the Galileo and Ulysses spacecraft from low earth orbit into their respective interplanetary trajectories has been discussed for the single stage (Centaur) vehicle. The central issue, in the event of spherically distributed injection errors, is what happens to the vehicle? The difficulties addressed in this paper involve the multi-stage problem since both Galileo and Ulysses will be utilizing the two-stage IUS system. Ulysses will also include a third stage: the PAM-S. The solution is expressed in terms of probabilities for total percentage of escape, orbit decay and reentry trajectories. Analytic solutions are found for Hill's Equations of Relative Motion (more recently called Clohessy-Wiltshire Equations) for multi-stage injections. These solutions are interpreted geometrically on the injection sphere. The analytic-geometric models compare well with numerical solutions, provide insight into the behavior of trajectories mapped on the injection sphere and simplify the numerical two-dimensional search for trajectory families.
Miniaturized Biomedical Sensors for Enumeration of Extracellular Vesicles (2018)

In this research, we have realized a rapid extracellular vesicle (EV) quantification methodology using a high field modulated AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility (HEMT) biosensor. The unique sensing structure facilitated the detection of the sub-cellular components in physiological salt environment without requiring extensive sample pre-treatments. The high field operation of GaN HEMT biosensor provides high sensitivity and wide dynamic range of detection of EVs (10⁷⁻10<sup>10</sup> EVs/mL). An antibody specific to the known surface marker on the EV was used to capture them for quantification using an HEMT biosensor. Fluorescence microscopy images confirm the successful capture of EVs from the test solution. The present method can detect EVs in high ionic strength solution, with a short sample incubation period of 5 min, and does not require labels or additional reagents or wash/block steps. This methodology has the potential to be used in clinical applications for rapid EV quantification from blood or serum for the development of diagnostic and prognostic tools.
Border disease: persistant infection with the virus (1979)

Two genetically related sheep that produced border disease-affected lambs from successive pregnancies were identified. These sheep, and some of their progeny, were found to be persistently infected with a virus antigenically related to bovine virus diarrhoea/mucosal disease virus. Only one of the sheep developed detectable serum antibody to the virus, and this animal only produced it 12 months after being detected as infected. The epidemiological significance of sheep persistently infected with border disease virus is discussed.
Robust Stability of Switched Linear Systems With Polytopic Uncertainty (2007)

In this paper, we study robust stability of a class of switched linear systems (SLSs) that is composed of a finite number of linear continuous variable systems (CVSs) and the switchings of CVSs are predefined and represented by a finite state machine. Each CVS consists of a cluster of unstable matrices, which are simultaneously block-triangularizable. This type of SLSs cannot be addressed by existing results. A decomposition method is used to decompose the original system into several lower dimensional SLSs at the diagonal block positions. Our results show that the original higher dimensional SLS is asymptotically stable if all these lower dimensional SLSs are asymptotically stable. The synergy between the continuous of each lower dimensional SLSs and the discrete dynamics is fully utilized by the cycle analysis method to derive sufficient conditions on the robust stability of each lower dimensional SLS. With our method, all CVSs in a cycle instead of each individual CVS is taken as an analysis unit. The condition on the stability of SLSs can then be relaxed in the sense that Lyapunov functions are only required to be non-increasing along each type of cycle instead of each CVS.
Magnesium incorporation in GaN grown by molecular-beam epitaxy (2001)

A pronounced dependence of Mg incorporation on surface polarity was observed in a series of Mg step-doped epitaxial GaN layers grown by rf-plasma-assisted molecular-beam epitaxy. Incorporation was studied for both (0001), or Ga-polarity and (0001̄) or N-polarity orientations. Up to a factor of 30 times more Mg was incorporated in Ga-polarity layers under certain conditions, as determined by secondary ion mass spectrometry. Measurements indicate surface accumulation of Mg occurs during growth, with stable accumulations of close to a monolayer of Mg on the Ga-polarity surface. The presence of atomic hydrogen during growth significantly increased incorporation of Mg without also incorporating potentially compensating hydrogen.
Interaction of sleep state and chemical stimuli in sustaining rhythmic ventilation (1983)

The effect of sleep state on ventilatory rhythmicity following graded hypocapnia was determined in two normal subjects and one patient with a chronic tracheostomy. Passive positive-pressure hyperventilation (PHV) was performed for 3 min awake and during nonrapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep with hyperoxia [fractional inspired O2 concentration (FIO2) = 0.50], normoxia and hypoxia (FIO2 = 0.12). During wakefulness, no immediate posthyperventilation apnea was noted following abrupt cessation of PHV in 27 of 28 trials [mean hyperventilation end-tidal CO2 partial pressure (PETCO2) 29 +/- 2 Torr, range 22-35]. During spontaneous breathing in hyperoxia, PETCO2 rose from 40.4 +/- 0.7 Torr awake to 43.2 +/- 1.4 Torr during NREM sleep. PHV during NREM sleep caused apnea when PETCO2 was reduced to 3-6 Torr below NREM sleep levels and 1-2 Torr below the waking level. In hypoxia, PETCO2 increased from 37.1 +/- 0.1 awake to 39.8 +/- 0.1 Torr during NREM sleep. PHV caused apnea when PETCO2 was reduced to levels 1-2 Torr below NREM sleep levels and 1-2 Torr above awake levels. Apnea duration (5-45 s) was significantly correlated to the magnitude of hypocapnia (range 27-41 Torr). PHV caused no apnea when isocapnia was maintained via increased inspired CO2. Prolonged hypoxia caused periodic breathing, and the abrupt transition from short-term hypoxic-induced hyperventilation to acute hyperoxia caused apnea during NREM sleep when PETCO2 was lowered to or below the subject's apneic threshold as predetermined (passively) by PHV. We concluded that effective ventilatory rhythmogenesis in the absence of stimuli associated with wakefulness is critically dependent on chemoreceptor stimulation secondary to PCO2-[H+].
ChemInform Abstract: Ionic Liquids and the Heck Coupling Reaction (2013)

Abstract Review: 70 refs.
Direct Measurement of Xenon Flashtube Opacity (1964)

The optical transmission of a xenon flashtube has been measured at wavelengths from 2500 to 10 000 Å and at currents up to 5000 A/cm2. It is found that the absorption increases with current and with wavelength. Above about 5000 Å and a current of 4000 A/cm2, a discharge tube 1 cm thick is nearly opaque. At shorter wavelengths or lower currents, the discharge is fairly transparent.
Rôle de la calmoduline dans le processus insulinosécrétoire: effet de la trifluopérazine (1980)

Comm. ALFEDIAM - Paris, 25.10.1980
Effect of Hot Water Immersion on Storage Stability of Non-Refrigerated Peanuts1 (1987)

Abstract Oxidative stability of Fla Early Bunch and NC7 peanuts immersed in hot water (79 C) for 90 sec and stored under non-refrigerated conditions was evaluated. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that water immersion disrupted structural makeup of the surface to form a glaze and caused coalescence of subcellular bodies. Initial hot water immersion resulted in decreased lipoxygenase activity. Throughout storage, peroxide values, free fatty acid values and lipoxygenase activity were lower in the immersed peanuts than in the non-immersed peanuts. Free fatty acid and peroxide values were significantly higher in the Fla Early Bunch cultivar than the NC7 cultivar.
Lithium ion irradiation effects on diodes manufactured on epitaxial silicon (2003)

Diodes manufactured on a thin and highly doped epitaxial silicon layer grown on a Czochralski silicon substrate have been irradiated by high-energy Lithium ions in order to investigate the effects of high bulk damage levels in such devices. This information is useful for possible developments of pixel detectors in future very high luminosity colliders because these new devices present superior radiation hardness than nowadays silicon detectors. The leakage current density increase, the variation of the depletion voltage and their annealing characteristics, as well as the charge collection properties of these new devices are presented and discussed in this study.
Experimental results for H2 formation from H− and H and implications for first star formation (2015)

We have performed the first energy-resolved measurement of the associative detachment (AD) reaction H−+H→H2−→H2+e−, which is the dominant process forming molecular hydrogen in the early universe. We find excellent agreement between our measurements and the most recent theoretical calculation of the AD process. We also present model calculations of the formation of protogalaxies in the early universe uitilizing the experimentally confirmed rate coefficient.
Nuclear coherences in photosynthetic reaction centers following light excitation (1997)

Transient electron paramagnetic resonance is used to study the secondary radical pair in plant photosystem I. Nuclear coherences are observed in the transverse magnetization at lower temperatures following light excitation. Comparative studies of deuterated and deuterated {sup 15}N-substituted cyanobacteria S. lividus indicate assignment of these coherences to nitrogen nuclei in the primary donor and deuterons in the secondary acceptor. The modulation amplitude of a deuteron matrix line, as a function of the microwave power, reveals a distinct resonance behavior. The maximum amplitude is obtained when the Rabi frequency equals the nuclear Zeeman frequency.
ChemInform Abstract: Polar Domains on Globular Macromolecules: Shape‐Persistent, Amphiphilic Tridendrons. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Bioelectrochemical Systems: From Extracellular Electron Transfer to Biotechnological Application (2009)

Contents: Bioelectrochemical Systems: A New Approach Towards Environmental and Industrial Biotechnology Microbial Energy Production from Biomass Enzymatic Fuel Cells and their Complementarities Relative to Bes Shuttling Via Soluble Compounds A Survey Of Direct Electron Transfer from Microbes to Electronically Active Surfaces Genetically Modified Microorganisms for Bioelectrochemical Systems Electrochemical Losses Electrochemical Techniques for The Analysis of Bioelectrochemical Systems Materials For Bes Technological Factors Affecting Bes Performance And Bottlenecks Towards Scale Up Organics Oxidation Conversion of Sulfur Species In Bioelectrochemical Systems Chemically Catalyzed Cathodes In Bioelectrochemical Systems Bioelectrochemical Reductions in Reactor Systems Bioelectrochemical Systems (Bes) for Subsurface Remediation Fundamentals Of Benthic Microbial Fuel Cells: Theory, Development And Application Microbial Fuel Cells as Biochemical Oxygen Demand (Bod) and Toxicity Sensors Feedstocks for Bes Conversions Integrating Bes in The Wastewater and Sludge Treatment Line Peripherals of Bes - Small Scale Yet Feasible (Demonstrated) Applications Towards a Mathematical Description of Bioelectrochemical Systems' Outlook: Research Directions and New Applications for Bes.
Electroactive Explosives: Nitrate Ester‐Functionalized 1,2,4,5‐Tetrazines (2013)

Redoxkontrolle: Zwei Nitratester-funktionalisierte elektroaktive Tetrazine (siehe Beispiel; N blau, Cl grün, O rot, C schwarz) wurden synthetisiert und charakterisiert. Die Verbindungen sind redoxaktiv und haben wünschenswerte Explosiveigenschaften. Sie lassen sich reversibel reduzieren, was zur Kontrolle ihrer chemischen und physikalischen Eigenschaften genutzt werden könnte. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Brain Injury and Infant Cardiac Surgery: Overview (2019)

Brain injury and the neurological morbidity related to such injury are important phenomena observed in infants who have undergone cardiac surgery. The absolute number of surviving infants with brain injury and subsequent neurological morbidity in this setting can be expected to increase. The magnitude of the problem relates directly to the large number of affected infants. Although our understanding of the neurology of brain injury associated with infant cardiac surgery is incomplete, the major neurological deficits observed have been seizures, choreoathetosis, bilateral motor deficits, and hemiparesis. The neuropathological substrates for the neurological features just described are understood only incompletely. The central theme in pathogenesis appears to be ischemia. Parasagittal cerebral injury, a second topographically restricted lesion related to generalized ischemia, is characterized neuropathologically by injury to superomedial aspects of the cerebral cortex and subcortical white matter and is bilateral and generally symmetric. Focal cerebral infarction presumably is the basis for the spastic hemiparesis that subsequently is evident in some infants.
Cytokeratin expression in alopecia areata hair follicles. (1994)

Alopecia areata is a human hair disease of unknown etiology. Immunological mechanisms, alterations in the extracellular matrix and follicular growth abnormalities have been suggested as a possible cause. Here we compare the expression of cytokeratins in normal hair follicles to that of alopecia areata using immunohistology with monoclonal antibodies. A number of cytokeratins were specifically expressed in defined anatomical parts of the follicle; however, no gross qualitative or quantitative differences were found between normal and diseased scalp. Interestingly, the expression of cytokeratin 16, which is modulated by conditions that affect the rate of keratinocyte proliferation, was found to be unchanged in the outer root sheet of alopecia areata follicles. This is in contrast with earlier observations of a decrease in the expression of the proliferation-associated, Ki-67 nuclear antigen.