gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Compensatory IKKα activation of classical NF-κB signaling during IKKβ inhibition identified by an RNA interference sensitization screen (2008)

A subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), termed activated B-cell-like (ABC) DLBCL, depends on constitutive nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) signaling for survival. Small molecule inhibitors of IkappaB kinase beta (IKKbeta), a key regulator of the NF-kappaB pathway, kill ABC DLBCL cells and hold promise for the treatment of this lymphoma type. We conducted an RNA interference genetic screen to investigate potential mechanisms of resistance of ABC DLBCL cells to IKKbeta inhibitors. We screened a library of small hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) targeting 500 protein kinases for shRNAs that would increase the killing of an ABC DLBCL cell line in the presence of a small molecule IKKbeta inhibitor. Two independent shRNAs targeting IKKalpha synergized with the IKKbeta inhibitor to kill three different ABC DLBCL cell lines but were not toxic by themselves. Surprisingly, IKKalpha shRNAs blocked the classical rather than the alternative NF-kappaB pathway in ABC DLBCL cells, as judged by inhibition of IkappaBalpha phosphorylation. IKKalpha shRNA toxicity was reversed by coexpression of wild-type but not kinase inactive forms of IKKalpha, suggesting that IKKalpha may directly phosphorylate IkappaBalpha under conditions of IKKbeta inhibition. In models of physiologic NF-kappaB pathway activation by CARD11 or tumor necrosis factor-alpha, compensatory IKKalpha activity was also observed with IKKbeta inhibition. These results suggest that therapy for ABC DLBCL may be improved by targeting both IKKalpha and IKKbeta, possibly through CARD11 inhibition.
1-Phenyl-2-tetrazoline-5-thione (2015)

[86-93-1] C7H6N4S (MW 178.24) InChI = 1S/C7H6N4S/c12-7-8-9-10-11(7)6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5H,(H,8,10,12) InChIKey = GGZHVNZHFYCSEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (Na salt) [15052-19-4] InChI = 1S/C7H6N4S.Na/c12-7-8-9-10-11(7)6-4-2-1-3-5-6;/h1-5H,(H,8,10,12);/q;+1/p-1 InChIKey = RSZMKAPXKXEWBY-UHFFFAOYSA-M (in combination with isocyanides, activates carboxylate for lactonization,1 peptide formation;2 source of nucleophilic sulfur)3 Physical Data: mp 150 °C (dec). Solubility: sol organic solvents. Form Supplied in: red solid; widely available. Handling, Storage, and Precautions: store in dark.
Stress Granules and Processing Bodies in Translational Control (2018)

Stress granules (SGs) and processing bodies (PBs) are non-membrane-enclosed RNA granules that dynamically sequester translationally inactive messenger ribonucleoprotein particles (mRNPs) into compartments that are distinct from the surrounding cytoplasm. mRNP remodeling, silencing, and/or storage involves the dynamic partitioning of closed-loop polyadenylated mRNPs into SGs, or the sequestration of deadenylated, linear mRNPs into PBs. SGs form when stress-activated pathways stall translation initiation but allow elongation and termination to occur normally, resulting in a sudden excess of mRNPs that are spatially condensed into discrete foci by protein:protein, protein:RNA, and RNA:RNA interactions. In contrast, PBs can exist in the absence of stress, when specific factors promote mRNA deadenylation, condensation, and sequestration from the translational machinery. The formation and dissolution of SGs and PBs reflect changes in messenger RNA (mRNA) metabolism and allow cells to modulate the proteome and/or mediate life or death decisions during changing environmental conditions.
Preliminary Gait Analysis Results After Posterior Tibial Tendon Reconstruction: A Prospective Study (2004)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect on gait in patients who underwent reconstruction for stage II posterior tibial tendon (PTT) dysfunction. Twelve patients with stage II PTT dysfunction underwent surgical reconstruction consisting of debridement of the posterior tibial tendon, flexor digitorum longus tendon transfer to the navicular tuberosity, medial displacement calcaneal osteotomy, and spring ligament reconstruction. Midfoot arthrodesis was performed in six patients and gastrocnemius recession in three. Gait analysis was performed 2 weeks prior to surgery and 1 year postoperatively. Preoperative and postoperative data were compared to determine differences in temporal-spatial parameters, lower limb kinematics, and ankle push-off power. Step length for the operated side increased from 52.6 +/- 9.6 cm before the surgery to 57.5 +/- 7.1 cm after the surgery (p =.048). Cadence improved from 100.2 +/- 10.7 steps/min to 109.1 +/- 8.5 steps/min (p =.05), thus increasing velocity from 87.6 +/- 22.6 cm/s to 103.4 +/- 15.9 cm/s (p =.042). Single support percentage was unchanged. Maximum sagittal ankle joint power at push-off increased from 0.79 +/- 0.35 W before surgery to 1.2 +/- 0.5 W after surgery (p =.042). There were statistically significant improvements in all radiographic parameters studied. This is the first prospective study to evaluate the in vivo effects on gait in patients undergoing this common surgical procedure. Analysis demonstrated statistically significant improvement in kinetic and kinematic parameters of gait function.
Gene Expression Profiling Leads to Identification of GLI1-binding Elements in Target Genes and a Role for Multiple Downstream Pathways in GLI1-induced Cell Transformation (2002)

The zinc finger transcription factor GLI1, which mediates Sonic hedgehog signaling during development, is expressed in several human cancers, including basal cell carcinoma, medulloblastoma, and sarcomas. We identified 147 genes whose levels of expression were significantly altered in RNA obtained from cells demonstrating a transformed phenotype with stable GLI1 expression or stable Ha-ras expression. Comparison of expression profiles from GLI1- and Ha-ras-expressing cells established a set of genes unique to GLI1-induced cell transformation. Thirty genes were altered by stable GLI1 expression, and 124 genes were changed by stable Ha-ras expression. Seven genes had altered expression levels in both GLI1- and Ha-ras-expressing cells. Genes whose expression was altered by GLI1 included cell cycle genes, cell adhesion genes, signal transduction genes, and genes regulating apoptosis. GLI1 consensus DNA-binding sequences were identified in the 5' regions of cyclin D2, IGFBP-6, osteopontin, and plakoglobin, suggesting that these genes represent immediate downstream targets. Gel shift analysis confirmed the ability of the GLI1 protein to bind these sequences. Up-regulation of cyclin D2 and down-regulation of plakoglobin were demonstrated in GLI1-amplified compared with non-amplified human rhabdomyosarcoma cells. Many of the GLI1 targets with known function identified in this study increase cell proliferation, indicating that GLI1-induced cell transformation occurs through multiple downstream pathways.
A Study of Positive Pion Production in p-p Collisions at 383 MeV (1956)

An 18 in. diffusion cloud chamber filled with 28 atmospheres of hydrogen and in a magnetic field of 11 200 gauss is used to investigate the production of π+-mesons in p-p collisions at 383 MeV. The energy resolution is of the order of 2 MeV and the spectrum obtained can be divided into mesons from the `bound' and `unbound' reactions. The angular distributions found are dσ/dω (bound) ∝ (0.19 ± 0.06) + cos2 θ' and dσ/dω (unbound) ∝ (0.21 ± 0.07) + cos2 θ'. The branching ratio σ (unbound)/σ (total) = (47 ± 8)%. The shape of the unbound spectrum is not in agreement with that predicted by the phenomenological theory but this spectrum and also the high experimental branching ratio can be explained by the inclusion of a term σ10'' (Pp) ≃ 1.2ηmax8 in the theory.
Abstract 2900: Risk of recurrence of colorectal neoplasia among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients randomized to placebo in the Polyp Prevention Clinical Trials (2010)

Abstract Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) has been reported to be associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer is several case-control studies. However, very limited data have examined the risk of recurrence of colorectal neoplasia (CRN) among individuals with type 2 DM. This study examined the risk of recurrence of CRN (either adenomas or carcinoma) among individuals with type 2 DM compared to those without type 2 DM. Methods: Retrospective cohort study evaluated subjects recruited into several randomized clinical trials (RCTs) (Antioxidant Polyp Prevention Study, the Calcium Polyp Prevention study, and the Aspirin/Folate Prevention Study). Diagnosis of type 2 DM was established by previous medical diagnosis and/or anti-diabetic medication use. Participants had to have undergone colonoscopy to the cecum, with removal of all polyps, within three to four months before study entry. Also, they must have had colonoscopies during follow-up study periods (as outlined for each protocol). Logistic regression was employed to estimate the association between type 2 DM and CRN using STATA 10.0. Results: 2,915 individuals (2068 women; 85.3% White; mean age 59.7 ± 9.3 years) were enrolled into any of the three RCTs. 882 (30.3%) subjects were assigned to placebo vs. 2033 (69.7%) to active drug; mean follow-up time was 35.0 ± 3.9 months from randomization to first colonoscopy. A total of 208 subjects had type 2 DM (mean age 62.9 ± 7.6 yrs, 75.5% females), of which 61(29.3%) were assigned to the placebo arm. Colorectal adenomas developed in 44.5% (27/61) and 55.1% (410/744) of DM and non-DM individuals, respectively (p=0.40) assigned to the placebo arm. While advanced colorectal adenomas (≥ 1 cm in size or advanced histology) developed in 9.8% (9/61) and 9.3% (69/744) of DM and non-DM individuals, respectively (p=0.89). Colorectal cancer developed in 1.64% (1/61) of DM patients vs. 0.4% (3/744) of non-DM patients (p=0.19). There was no statistically significant association between location of CRN, number/size of adenomas, or tumor stage and DM. Discussion: Recurrence of colorectal adenomas was not increased among patients with DM compared to non-DM patients. Similarly, occurrence of colorectal advanced lesions was not increased in DM patients compared to non-DM patients. A small number of subjects with DM and short follow-up time may have limited the power of the study to detect differences in CRN. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2900.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Ruthenium Complexes: Synthesis and Catalytic Properties (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Microscopic theory of the dc Josephson effect in clean superconductor/insulator and superconductor/semiconductor multilayers (1997)

We have constructed a fully microscopic self-consistent theory of the dc Josephson effect in clean periodic superconducting multilayers with realistic finite-size repulsive barriers, at arbitrary temperatures. We have derived an explicit analytical expression for the critical Josephson current ${j}_{c}$ as a function of the superconductor-layer thickness $a.$ In the limit $a\ensuremath{\ll}{\ensuremath{\xi}}_{0},$ we have found fundamental differences with the Ambegaokar-Baratoff relation: a strong reduction of ${j}_{c}$ and an unusual temperature dependence. In this limit, we also predict an exponential decrease of the critical temperature and the gap parameter due to the depairing effect of the Josephson current.
An incremental SOM for web navigation patterns clustering (2006)

In this paper, we present a new clustering method which makes incremental the construction of an unsupervised neural model (Self Organizing Map: SOM). In other words, the method is computed with both, the initial model based on the a priori available data and the data which arrive dynamically in the time. This approach is validated over web navigation data and it is compared to classical neural clustering applied to the same data.
Fertility and growth in the field of <i>Lolium perenne</i> and <i>Festuca rubra</i> plants regenerated from suspension cultured cells and protoplasts (1998)

Abstract The effect of regeneration of Lolium perenne and Festuca rubra from embryogenic suspension cells and protoplasts on fertility and growth was evaluated. Embryogenic suspension cultures were either routinely subcultured or cryopreserved and re‐established. Phenology, morphology and fertility of regenerated plants were studied for two growing seasons in a replicated field experiment. Most regenerated L. perenne and F. rubra plants showed a delay in inflorescence emergence, a reduced seed yield and differences in morphological traits when compared with seed‐grown plants. For L. perenne , performance of plants regenerated from cryopreserved suspension cultures and protoplasts was similar to that of respective plants regenerated from routinely maintained suspension cultures. However, differences in performance were observed for respective regenerants in F. rubra. The phenotypic deviation observed was partly reflected in the randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis performed. However, regenerants of both species showing similar, or even superior performance to the seed‐grown plants were also found. Embryogenic suspension cells and corresponding protoplasts of L. perenne and F. rubra have the potential for producing fertile, well‐performing plants which can be integrated in breeding programs.
The Effectiveness of An Averaged Airway Model in Predicting the Airflow and Particle Transport Through the Airway (2019)

<b><i>Background:</i></b> In this study, we proposed an averaged airway model design based on four healthy subjects and numerically evaluated its effectiveness for predicting the airflow and particle transport through an airway. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Direct-averaged models of the conducting airways of four subjects were restored by averaging the three-dimensional (3D) skeletons of four healthy airways, which were calculated using an inverse 3D thinning algorithm. We simulated the airflow and particle transport in the individual and the averaged airway models using computational fluid dynamics. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The bifurcation geometry differs even among healthy subjects, but the averaged model retains the typical geometrical characteristics of the airways. The Reynolds number of the averaged model varied within the range found in the individual subject models, and the averaged model had similar inspiratory flow characteristics as the individual subject models. The deposition fractions at almost all individual lobes ranged within the variation observed in the subjects, however, the deposition fraction was higher in only one lobe. The deposition distribution at the main bifurcation point differed among the healthy subjects, but the characteristics of the averaged model fell within the variation observed in the individual subject models. On the contrary, the deposition fraction of the averaged model was higher than that of the average of the individual subject models and deviated from the range observed in the subject models. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> These results indicate that the direct-averaged model may be useful for predicting the individual airflow and particle transport on a macroscopic scale.
Mobile Genetic Element SCCmec-encoded psm-mec RNA Suppresses Translation of agrA and Attenuates MRSA Virulence (2013)

Community acquired-methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) is a socially problematic pathogen that infects healthy individuals, causing severe disease. CA-MRSA is more virulent than hospital associated-MRSA (HA-MRSA). The underlying mechanism for the high virulence of CA-MRSA is not known. The transcription product of the psm-mec gene, located in the mobile genetic element SCCmec of HA-MRSA, but not CA-MRSA, suppresses the expression of phenol-soluble modulin α (PSMα), a cytolytic toxin of S. aureus. Here we report that psm-mec RNA inhibits translation of the agrA gene encoding a positive transcription factor for the PSMα gene via specific binding to agrA mRNA. Furthermore, 25% of 325 clinical MRSA isolates had a mutation in the psm-mec promoter that attenuated transcription, and 9% of the strains had no psm-mec. In most of these psm-mec-mutated or psm-mec-deleted HA-MRSAs, PSMα expression was increased compared with strains carrying intact psm-mec, and some mutated strains produced high amounts of PSMα comparable with that of CA-MRSA. Deletion of psm-mec from HA-MRSA strains carrying intact psm-mec increased the expression of AgrA protein and PSMα, and virulence in mice. Thus, psm-mec RNA suppresses MRSA virulence via inhibition of agrA translation and the absence of psm-mec function in CA-MRSA causes its high virulence property.
The Pathogenesis of Pseudorabies in Mice following Peripheral Inoculation (1974)

SUMMARY Three-week-old mice were inoculated with pseudorabies virus by means of the left hind foot pad. Infectious virus was isolated from tissues in the sequence: foot pad, sciatic nerve and dorsal root ganglion, lower, middle, upper spinal cord, and brain. Virus was recovered in one instance only from the liver, but could not be recovered from the spleen or heart blood. The involvement of the kidneys, adrenal glands, coeliac ganglion and skin in the spread of infection was also studied. The possible role of the autonomic nervous system in the pathogenesis is suggested. In this respect, immunosympathectomy prior to inoculation reduced the incidence of infection in the adrenal glands and kidneys. Interruption of the sciatic and femoral nerves led to reduced mortality and an altered pathogenesis. A new pattern of virus isolation from the tissues was observed in mice dying at later times following section or ligation of these nerves. The electron microscope observations indicated that neurons rather than glia are of major importance in facilitating virus spread within and from the nervous system.
Wire-routing machines—New tools for VLSI physical design (1983)

Interconnection of components in a VLSI chip is becoming an increasingly complex problem. In this paper we examine the complexity of the wire routing process and discuss several new approaches to solving the problem using a parallel system architecture. The machines discussed range from compact systems for highly specialized applications to more general designs suited for broader applications. The process speedup due to parallelism and the cost advantage due to the use of large numbers of identical VLSI parts make these new machines practical today.
Intermediates in the Conversion π- to σ-Allylic Complexes of Palladium (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIntermediates in the Conversion π- to σ-Allylic Complexes of PalladiumGary L. Statton and Kermit C. RameyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1966, 88, 6, 1327–1328Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00958a049https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00958a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views180Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
RelB regulates human dendritic cell subset development by promoting monocyte intermediates (2004)

In humans, epithelial Langerhans cells (LCs) and monocyte-derived/interstitial dendritic cells (DCs) constitute 2 myeloid DC sublineages. Molecular mechanisms involved in their development from common myeloid progenitors remain poorly defined. Here we demonstrate that the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) transcription factor RelB regulates the generation of monocytic CD14(+)CD11b(+) precursors of interstitial DCs from human hematopoietic progenitors. RelB overexpression promoted, whereas endogenous RelB inhibition (by p100DeltaN) blocked, precursor cell development along this DC subset pathway. RelB inhibition specifically arrested precursor progression from CD14(lo)CD11b(-) to CD14(+)CD11b(+) stages. Precursors were still capable of LC and granulocyte differentiation but were defective in macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF)-dependent monocyte/macrophage differentiation. RelB inhibition markedly differed from classical NF-kappaB signaling inhibition because IkappaBalpha superrepressor (IkappaBalpha-SR), but not p100DeltaN, impaired LC/DC differentiation, DC adhesion, and progenitor cell proliferation. Although RelB up-regulation and nuclear translocation are regarded as hallmarks of human myeloid DC maturation, ectopic RelB overexpression failed to promote DC maturation. Our results suggest that RelB regulates human monopoiesis and monocyte-derived DC subset development.
Normal Brillouin Scattering in Compressed Gases (1966)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text E. G. Rawson, E. H. Hara, A. D. May, and H. L. Welsh, "Normal Brillouin Scattering in Compressed Gases," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 56, 1403-1405 (1966) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Mineral Oil Vacuum Distillation Method for Nitrosamines in Fried Bacon, with Thermal Energy Analyzer: Collaborative Study (1982)

Nine laboratories participated in a collaborative study of a method for determining 6 nitrosamines, dimethylnitrosamine, diethylnitrosamine, dibutylnitrosamine, nitrosopiperidine, nitrosopyrrolidine, and nitrosomorpholine, in the 5-17 ppb range. The coefficients of variation for repeatability were 10.8, 8.5, 10.4, 8.5, 8.7, and 7.8% with corresponding coefficients of variation for reproducibility of 16.4, 12.0, 13.6, 10.8, 11.2, and 10.3% and recoveries of 89.6, 91.6, 84.7, 90.0, 89.6, and 88.1%, respectively. The method was adopted official first action.
Low-energy measurements of electron capture by multicharged ions from hydrogen Rydberg atoms (1993)

For very low collision energies electron capture from hydrogen Rydberg atoms by multicharged ions is characterized by enormous cross sections, the predicted maximum being comparable to the geometric size of the Rydberg atom. Our recent efforts to quantify these cross sections for the wide range of collision energies (0.1 to 1000 eV/amu) and charge states accessible to the ORNL ion-atom merged-beams apparatus will be presented. Presently, a fast H(D) beam containing 0.15% in n shells between 11 and 24 is produced by collisional detachment of H{sup -} in N{sub 2} gas. A Rydberg field stripper is used to truncate the n-shell population of the H excited states before merging with the multicharged ion beam. From measurements of the beam-beam signal as a function of the applied stripper electric field we are able to infer the n-dependence of the capture cross section.