gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Glutamate Transporter Studies Reveal the Pruning of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors and Absence of AMPA Receptor Desensitization at Mature Calyx of Held Synapses (2005)

We examined the effect of glutamate transporter blockade at the calyx of Held synapse. In immature synapses [defined as postnatal day 8 (P8) to P10 rats], transporter blockade causes tonic activation of NMDA receptors and strong inhibition of the AMPA receptor-mediated EPSC amplitude. EPSC inhibition was blocked with a metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) antagonist [1 microm LY341495 (2S-2-amino-2-(1S,2S-2-carboxycycloprop-1-yl)-3-(xanth-9-yl)propanoic acid)], suggesting that elevated resting glutamate concentration specifically activates group II and group III mGluRs. Using mGluR subtype-specific agonists and antagonists, we determined that increased glutamate activates presynaptic mGluR2/3 and mGluR8 receptors but not mGluR4, although this receptor is present. Surprisingly, in older animals (P16-P18), transporter blockade had no effect on EPSC amplitude because of a developmental downregulation of group II/III mGluR activation in rats and mice. In contrast to other CNS synapses, we observed no effect of transporter blockade on EPSC decay kinetics, although expression of glutamate transporters was strong in nearby glial processes at both P9 and P17. Finally, using a low-affinity AMPA receptor antagonist (gamma-D-glutamylglycine), we show that desensitization occurs at P8-P10 but is absent at P16-P18, even during trains of high-frequency (100-300 Hz) stimulation. We suggest that diffusion and transporter activation are insufficient to clear synaptically released glutamate at immature calyces, resulting in significant desensitization. Thus, mGluRs may be expressed in the immature calyx to help limit glutamate release. In the more mature calyx, there is a far smaller diffusional barrier attributable to the highly fenestrated synaptic terminal morphology, so AMPA receptor desensitization is avoided and mGluR-mediated inhibition is not necessary.
Identification of relevant sensor sources for context-aware ESM apps in ambulatory assessment (2015)

The experience sampling method (ESM) is applied in ambulatory assessment to prompt subject self-reporting. Existing mobile apps provide time-triggered prompts but lack event-triggers. Hence, the sampling might not occur in moments that are of interest for a psychologist. To identify relevant sensor sources and contexts we conducted an online survey with ambulatory assessment experts. Most relevant for these experts are time, date and user activity, followed by location, notifications and accelerometer. A feasibility test proved that all relevant sources are accessible on Android phones. We also assessed the desired granularity of the data gathered from each sensor source. Our results are a first step towards an ESM platform to create context-aware Android apps for ambulatory assessment.
Asymmetric [3 + 2] annulations catalyzed by a planar-chiral derivative of DMAP (2006)

A planar-chiral DMAP derivative catalyzes an intriguing [3 + 2] annulation reaction of silylated indenes to produce diquinanes that bear three contiguous stereocenters (one quaternary and two tertiary).
Perfusion parameters analysis of the vertebral bone marrow in patients with Ph<sup>1−</sup> chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms (Ph<sup>neg</sup>MPN): A dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI (DCE‐MRI) study (2011)

Patients with myelofibrosis exhibited increased perfusion parameters in vertebral bone marrow, which could be consisted with increased vascularity, probably related to neoangiogenesis as opposed to ET or PV patients showing no increased perfusion. DCE-MRI may be of value in discriminating subgroups of Ph(neg) MPN patients and in indicating those progressing to myelofibrosis.
[Calcium-dependence of bradykinin-induced contraction in the isolated longitudinal muscle of the guinea pig ileum]. (1976)

The calcium-dependence of the bradykinin-induced contraction was demonstrated on the isolated logitudinal smooth muscle of the guinea-pig ileum. Using the "La-method" for measuring 45Ca entry into smooth muscle cells we were able to show, that bradykinin significantly increases the intracellular Ca-concentration. This effect of bradykinin was dose-dependent.
Conditional deletion of the homeobox gene Hhex in the mouse liver results in polycystic liver disease (2007)

Objective: To determine if Hhex has a function in the liver during late embryogenesis. Methods: We utilized the Cre-loxP system and the Alfp-Cre transgene for hepatic endoderm-specific deletion of Hhex in mouse. Results: Deletion of Hhex in the embryonic liver of Alfp-Cre;Hhexd2,3/- mutants resulted in ductal plate malformation by embryonic day 18.5. Portal tracts in mutants were surrounded by irregular duct-like structures and cysts, which stained positive with a biliary-specific cytokeratin (CK) antibody. In mutants, some cells lining cysts were positive for both HNF4α and CK suggesting the normal mechanism of biliary cell differentiation is disregulated in these mice. Adult mutant mice examined at eight weeks of age had multiple hepatic cysts filled with a clear fluid. Blood serum levels of total bilirubin, albumin, alanine transferase, and total protein were normal, except for alkaline phosphatase, which was elevated two-fold and suggests biliary injury. Hepatic cysts in adult mutant mice stained positive for biliary-CK demonstrating that these cysts were of biliary origin. Finally, the proliferation rate of cystic epithelial cells in Alfp-Cre;Hhexd2,3/− mice was increased four-fold compared to normal biliary cells. Conclusions: The homeobox gene Hhex is required for proper morphogenesis of intrahepatic bile ducts and may regulate hepatoblast differentiation. This project was funded by the NIH.
The Janus Face of Insulin in Brain (2013)

Important studies recently reported that insulin exerts a neuroprotective effect and that decreased brain insulin levels and/or insulin and its receptors (IR)-mediated signaling are linked to several age-related neurodegenerative diseases. These findings were further potentiated by the recent hypothesis that insulin may constitute the potential missing link between diabetes and Alzheimer disease (AD) in the central nervous system (CNS), resulting in AD being called “type 3 diabetes.” In this regard, insulin could be a very promising therapy against diabetes- and age-related neurodegenerative diseases. However, some studies (including longevity ones) have given controversial results on the beneficial effects of CNS insulin/IR activity. Herewith, the authors aim to critically analyze the pros and cons of insulin in the CNS, especially regarding age- and diabetes-related neurodegeneration.
An Assessment of the Stability of the Canine Oral Microbiota After Probiotic Administration in Healthy Dogs Over Time (2020)

The administration of an oral probiotic has been demonstrated to impact oral microbial diversity in humans but has not been examined in canines. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that oral probiotic administration would impact the oral microbiota of canines compared to control. Working canines in training (<i>n</i> = 13) were assigned to Test or Control groups and acclimated to one of three commercially available study diets utilizing common protein sources (Purina Pro Plan Savor lamb, Purina Pro Plan Sport chicken, Purina Pro Plan Focus salmon) for a minimum of 30 days prior to initiation of the study. Following acclimation, dogs in the Test group began a daily regimen of oral probiotic (Fortiflora® Purina, St. Louis, MO) top-dressed on their midday feeding. Control dogs received their midday feeding with no probiotic. All dogs were sampled once weekly via oral pediatric swabs across the 7-week study. Next generation sequencing (Illumina, MiSeq) was utilized to develop microbial profiles specific to treatment, diet, and time. Bacterial composition was dominated by eight phyla (Proteobacteria 43.8%, Bacteroidetes 22.5%, Firmicutes 18.9%, Actinobacteria 6.1%, Fusobacteria 3.6%, Gracilibacteria 2.1%, SR1 Absconditabacteria 1.5%, and Saccharibacteria 1.3%) representing more than 99% of the relative abundance of the microbial composition. Probiotic administration failed to impact relative abundance at any taxonomic level (<i>P</i> > 0.05). Similarly, no effect on the oral microbiota was measured for diet (<i>P</i> > 0.05). Comparison using a Jaccard Index demonstrate a consistent microbial profile over the 7-week study with no impact evidenced by study week (<i>P</i> = 0.19). The data also revealed a profile of ubiquitous taxa that were present across all dogs and all samples regardless of breed, sex, diet, treatment or other factors. These genera include <i>Actinomyces, Corynebacterium, Capnocytophaga, Flavobacterium, Gemella, Abiotrophia, Streptococcus, and Frederiksenia</i>. These data demonstrate the stability of canine oral microbiota over time.
Survival and prognostic factors in patients with stable and unstable spinal bone metastases from solid tumors: a retrospective analysis of 915 cases (2016)

Survival was equal for patients with stable and unstable SBM. However, prognostic factors differed in both groups and stability should therefore be considered in treatment decision-making.
Does Collaboration among Participants Lead to Better Ideas in IT-based Idea Competitions? (2010)

Research has shown that idea competitions are a promising approach for integrating customers into open innovation activities. Furthermore research on open innovation shows that most innovations are the result of intensive collaboration processes in which many individuals contribute according to their specific strengths [20, 22, 39, 47]. So, fostering collaboration among idea contributors in idea competitions might be a very fruitful approach for unleashing the customers? entire creative potential for ?open R&D? and thus making idea competitions even more successful. This paper reports on a field study in which idea contributors could collaborate during idea generation and idea elaboration in an IT-based idea competition using the wiki technology. In order to test whether this kind of user collaboration positively influences the quality of the ideas submitted we conducted an empirical in-depth analysis of idea quality in an idea competition. Our results show that user collaboration enhances idea quality and that inducing user collaboration is a viable design element for making idea competitions more effective. This can contribute to a more successful design, implementation and operation of idea competitions as well as to better outcomes. The article concludes with a discussion of customer groups collaborating in idea competitions (more extrinsically and more intrinsically motivated customers) and shows possibilities for future research in this area.
Genome analysis of a major urban malaria vector mosquito, Anopheles stephensi (2014)

Anopheles stephensi is the key vector of malaria throughout the Indian subcontinent and Middle East and an emerging model for molecular and genetic studies of mosquito-parasite interactions. The type form of the species is responsible for the majority of urban malaria transmission across its range. Here, we report the genome sequence and annotation of the Indian strain of the type form of An. stephensi. The 221 Mb genome assembly represents more than 92% of the entire genome and was produced using a combination of 454, Illumina, and PacBio sequencing. Physical mapping assigned 62% of the genome onto chromosomes, enabling chromosome-based analysis. Comparisons between An. stephensi and An. gambiae reveal that the rate of gene order reshuffling on the X chromosome was three times higher than that on the autosomes. An. stephensi has more heterochromatin in pericentric regions but less repetitive DNA in chromosome arms than An. gambiae. We also identify a number of Y-chromosome contigs and BACs. Interspersed repeats constitute 7.1% of the assembled genome while LTR retrotransposons alone comprise more than 49% of the Y contigs. RNA-seq analyses provide new insights into mosquito innate immunity, development, and sexual dimorphism. The genome analysis described in this manuscript provides a resource and platform for fundamental and translational research into a major urban malaria vector. Chromosome-based investigations provide unique perspectives on Anopheles chromosome evolution. RNA-seq analysis and studies of immunity genes offer new insights into mosquito biology and mosquito-parasite interactions.
Evidence that Development of Severe Cardiomyopathy in Human Chagas' Disease Is Due to a Th1-Specific Immune Response (2003)

The role of interleukin 10 (IL-10) and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) on the development of pathology in human Chagas' disease was investigated. Two categories of patients, low and high producers of IFN-gamma, were identified based on the levels of secretion of this cytokine in the supernatant of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures. Eighty-three percent of the patients presenting with cardiac disease (CARD) of different degrees and 59% of the patients with the indeterminate form of disease (IND) were identified as high IFN-gamma producers. PBMC from IND patients classified as low IFN-gamma producers secreted significantly higher amounts of IL-10 than did those from other groups. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that in PBMC from the IND group, the majority of the IL-10-producing cells were monocytes (CD14(High+) cells), whereas in the CARD group, the major sources of IFN-gamma were T lymphocytes (CD3(+) CD4(+) cells). These results suggest an association between the production of IFN-gamma by CD3(+) CD4(+) cells and morbidity in Chagas' disease, whereas the production of IL-10 by macrophages/monocytes leads to regulation of the immune response in IND patients. We hypothesize that an exacerbated production of IFN-gamma against Trypanosoma cruzi antigens favors the development of a strong Th1 response in CARD patients, which leads to progression of heart disease.
Altering Ventricular Activation Remodels Gap Junction Distribution in Canine Heart (2001)

Spatially distinct transmural and regional gap junctional remodeling is a consequence of abnormal ventricular activation and is associated with consistent changes in activation that may alter patterns of repolarization and facilitate reentrant arrhythmogenesis.
A RANDOMIZED PROSPECTIVE PENILE REHABILITATION STUDY OF THE USE OF NIGHTLY INTRAURETHRAL ALPROSTADIL (IUA) VS SILDENAFIL CITRATE (SC) AFTER NERVE SPARING PROSTATECTOMY (2009)

You have accessJournal of Urology1 Apr 2009A RANDOMIZED PROSPECTIVE PENILE REHABILITATION STUDY OF THE USE OF NIGHTLY INTRAURETHRAL ALPROSTADIL (IUA) VS SILDENAFIL CITRATE (SC) AFTER NERVE SPARING PROSTATECTOMY Andrew R McCullough, Brianne Goodwin, Herbert Lepor, Samir S Taneja, Kristofer R Wagner, and Jason D. Engel Andrew R McCulloughAndrew R McCullough More articles by this author , Brianne GoodwinBrianne Goodwin More articles by this author , Herbert LeporHerbert Lepor More articles by this author , Samir S TanejaSamir S Taneja More articles by this author , Kristofer R WagnerKristofer R Wagner More articles by this author , and Jason D. EngelJason D. Engel More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(09)61376-8AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "A RANDOMIZED PROSPECTIVE PENILE REHABILITATION STUDY OF THE USE OF NIGHTLY INTRAURETHRAL ALPROSTADIL (IUA) VS SILDENAFIL CITRATE (SC) AFTER NERVE SPARING PROSTATECTOMY." The Journal of Urology, 181(4S), p. 486 © 2009 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByMcCullough A, Hellstrom W, Wang R, Lepor H, Wagner K and Engel J (2018) Recovery of Erectile Function After Nerve Sparing Radical Prostatectomy and Penile Rehabilitation With Nightly Intraurethral Alprostadil Versus Sildenafil CitrateJournal of Urology, VOL. 183, NO. 6, (2451-2456), Online publication date: 1-Jun-2010. Volume 181Issue 4SApril 2009Page: 486 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2009 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Andrew R McCullough More articles by this author Brianne Goodwin More articles by this author Herbert Lepor More articles by this author Samir S Taneja More articles by this author Kristofer R Wagner More articles by this author Jason D. Engel More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Analysis of stacked metallic grids in a multilayered substrate by iterative/FFT methods (1991)

LEMA
Self-tuning of robot program primitives (2002)

Strategies used and parameter selection problems encountered in developing robot programs are addressed by describing an approach to self-tuning of robot program parameters. In this approach, the robot program incorporates control primitives with adjustable parameters and an associated cost function. A hybrid gradient-based and direct-search algorithm uses experimentally measured performance data to adjust the parameters to seek optimal performance and track system variations. Alternative control strategies which have first been optimized with the same cost function are then assessed in terms of their optimized behavior. It is demonstrated that the optimal control strategy for a particular task is a function not only of task geometry, but also of the desired performance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Analysis of a safety run-in cohort from NIVEAU, a phase 3 study for patients with aggressive Non-Hodgkin lymphoma in first relapse or progression not eligible for High-Dose Chemotherapy (HDT) testing Nivolumab in combination with (R)-GemOx (2020)

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DNA Binding Restricts the Intrinsic Conformational Flexibility of Methyl CpG Binding Protein 2 (MeCP2) (2011)

Mass spectrometry-based hydrogen/deuterium exchange (H/DX) has been used to define the polypeptide backbone dynamics of full-length methyl CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) when free in solution and when bound to unmethylated and methylated DNA. Essentially the entire MeCP2 polypeptide chain underwent H/DX at rates faster than could be measured (i.e. complete exchange in ≤10 s), with the exception of the methyl DNA binding domain (MBD). Even the H/DX of the MBD was rapid compared with that of a typical globular protein. Thus, there is no single tertiary structure of MeCP2. Rather, the full-length protein rapidly samples many different conformations when free in solution. When MeCP2 binds to unmethylated DNA, H/DX is slowed several orders of magnitude throughout the MBD. Binding of MeCP2 to methylated DNA led to additional minor H/DX protection, and only locally within the N-terminal portion of the MBD. H/DX also was used to examine the structural dynamics of the isolated MBD carrying three frequent mutations associated with Rett syndrome. The effects of the mutations ranged from very little (R106W) to a substantial increase in conformational sampling (F155S). Our H/DX results have yielded fine resolution mapping of the structure of full-length MeCP2 in the absence and presence of DNA, provided a biochemical basis for understanding MeCP2 function in normal cells, and predicted potential approaches for the treatment of a subset of RTT cases caused by point mutations that destabilize the MBD.
On combining iteration space tiling with data space tiling for scratch-pad memory systems (2005)

Most previous studies on tiling concentrate on iteration space only for cache-based memory systems. However, more and more real-time embedded systems are adopting Scratch-Pad Memories (SPMs) which emphasize on the management of data flow through data-oriented tiling. In this paper, we analyze the relationships between iteration space I and data space D, proposing a preliminary classification based on subscript functions. An important real-life application, matrix multiply, is selected to illustrate how we combine the mismatched iteration space tiling with data space tiling for optimal solutions.
Multiple twinning in GaAs epitaxial layers grown on Si(001) and Si(111) (1994)

Multiple twinning in GaAs epitaxial layers grown on Si by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy has been studied by transmission electron microscopy. The primary and multiple twin reflections in the diffraction patterns were indexed in terms of matrix indices for the electron beam parallel to the 〈001〉, 〈110〉, and 〈111〉 directions in GaAs.
The role of MHC class II molecules in susceptibility to type I diabetes: Identification of peptide epitopes and characterization of the T cell repertoire (1999)

Susceptibility to type I diabetes is linked to class II MHC alleles in both mouse and man. However, the molecular mechanisms by which MHC molecules mediate disease susceptibility are unknown. To analyze how I-A alleles predispose to, or prevent, the development of type I diabetes, we have chosen, as the first step, to investigate the immune response to an important islet cell protein in diabetes-susceptible and diabetes-resistant mice. MHC class II alleles conferring susceptibility and resistance to diabetes select completely different sets of immunogenic epitopes from the beta islet cell autoantigen glutamic acid decarboxylase 65. Peptide-binding studies, analysis of MHC restriction, and immunization with these peptide epitopes indicate that the two amino acid substitutions within the I-A(beta) chain that distinguish a diabetes-susceptibility from a diabetes-resistance allele are sufficient to alter peptide binding and MHC restriction and may also influence antigen presentation and the selection of the T cell repertoire. The data indicate that the molecular mechanisms for class II-mediated selection of immunodominant epitopes are complex and differ for each individual peptide epitope. Further study of the functional characteristics of the response to these epitopes should provide insight into mechanisms of MHC-mediated diabetes susceptibility.
Effect of pretreatment with piperonyl butoxide on pyrethroid efficacy against insecticide‐resistant <i>Helicoverpa armigera</i> (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> (Sternorrhyncha: Aleyrodidae) (2005)

Pyrethroid resistance in B-type Bemisia tabaci Gennadius and Australian Helicoverpa armigera Hübner field populations is primarily conferred by esterase isoenzymes which metabolise and sequester pyrethroid insecticides. It has been shown previously that pyrethroid resistance-associated esterases in H. armigera are inhibited by the insecticide synergist piperonyl butoxide (PBO) over a 22-h period. It is demonstrated here that similar inhibition can be obtained against B-type B. tabaci. Small-scale field trials showed excellent levels of pyrethroid control when insects were pretreated with PBO and then dosed with pyrethroid during the time of maximum esterase inhibition. These results demonstrate that PBO can restore pyrethroid efficacy in the field against both B-type B. tabaci and resistant H. armigera.