gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interpreting Cardiac Catheterization Data PART 1 (1975)

When pressures in the cardiac chambers and great vessels are measured by cardiac catheterization, characteristic curves are inscribed. Knowing how these pressure curves are altered in the presence of various heart diseases can help to establish a correct diagnosis.
Synthesis of a bifunctional metallothionein/β‐glucuronidase fusion protein in transgenic tobacco plants as a means of reducing leaf cadmium levels (1994)

Chimeric genes under the control of a CaMV 35S promoter with a doubled enhancer (35S2) that encode a mammalian metallothionein (hMTII), or an Escherichia coli beta-glucuronidase (GUS), or a hMTII/GUS fusion protein were introduced into the genome of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv. PBD6). Transcripts and Cd-binding proteins of expected size were observed in plants expressing either the 35S2-hMTII or the 35S2-hMTII/GUS gene, and in the latter plants a protein with GUS activity that was larger than the native GUS enzyme was observed. Thus, plants expressing the hMTII-GUS gene synthesize a bifunctional protein, with both GUS and Cd-binding activity. In an in vitro assay, seedlings expressing either one of these genes had 60-70% lower Cd concentration in their shoots than controls, and Cd translocation to the shoot system was reduced (approximately 20% of Cd absorbed was translocated), compared with that in controls expressing a 35S2-GUS gene, where approximately 50% of the Cd absorbed was translocated.
Determination of the Representative Elementary Volume for the study of sandstones and siltstones by X-Ray microtomography (2012)

X-Ray computerized microtomography (µ-CT) besides providing two-dimensional images (2-D) of the transversal sections of the sample, the biggest attraction of the methodology is the rendering of three-dimensional images (3-D), enabling a more real analysis of the porous structure of the rock. However, the reconstruction, visualization and analysis of such 3-D images are limited in computer terms. Thus, it is not always possible to reconstruct the images with the total size of the microtomographed sample. Therefore, this study aims at determining the Representative Elementary Volume (REV) in reservoir rocks concerning their porosity. In order to collect microtomographic data from reservoir rocks, a microtomograph Skyscan model 1172 was utilized for the sandstone and siltstone samples scanning. After the analysis of the graphs obtained by REV, it was concluded that the most adequate dimensions for the reconstructed volume in each analyzed sample were approximately 1400 × 1400 × 1400 µm, which are dimensions that can easily be reconstructed, visualized and analyzed.
NON-NEWTONIAN EFFECTS IN SOME ELASTICO-VISCOUS LIQUIDS WHOSE BEHAVIOUR AT SMALL RATES OF SHEAR IS CHARACTERIZED BY A GENERAL LINEAR EQUATION OF STATE (1962)

Journal Article NON-NEWTONIAN EFFECTS IN SOME ELASTICO-VISCOUS LIQUIDS WHOSE BEHAVIOUR AT SMALL RATES OF SHEAR IS CHARACTERIZED BY A GENERAL LINEAR EQUATION OF STATE Get access K. WALTERS K. WALTERS Department of Applied Mathematics, University College of WalesAberystwyth Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Quarterly Journal of Mechanics and Applied Mathematics, Volume 15, Issue 1, February 1962, Pages 63–76, https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmam/15.1.63 Published: 01 February 1962 Article history Received: 24 April 1961 Published: 01 February 1962
Low- and high-frequency membrane potential oscillations during theta activity in CA1 and CA3 pyramidal neurons of the rat hippocampus under ketamine-xylazine anesthesia (1993)

1. Intracellularly recorded low- and high-frequency (4-6 and 25-50 Hz, respectively), rhythmic, spontaneous membrane potential oscillations were investigated in pyramidal neurons of the rat hippocampus in vivo, during theta (theta, 4-6 Hz) electroencephalographic (EEG) activity, under ketamine-xylazine anesthesia. 2. The EEG activity showed two spectral peaks, one in the theta range, the other at higher frequencies (25-50 Hz). On the basis of their electrophysiological and pharmacological properties, it was concluded that the EEG theta-waves, and the fast EEG rhythm, recorded during ketamine-xylazine anesthesia, share the basic properties of those theta and fast rhythms that are recorded under the effects of other types of anesthetics. 3. When intracellular recordings (n = 32) were made with electrodes filled with potassium-acetate (K-acetate), the only CA1 and CA3 pyramidal cells (PCs) considered for further analysis were those that did not fire rhythmically at most or each cycle of the theta rhythm at the resting membrane potential. During EEG-theta, the membrane potential (Vm) of these cells showed a prominent oscillation (3-15 mV) with frequencies similar to those of the EEG-theta (the intracellular theta rhythm, intra-theta). 4. The frequency of the intra-theta was independent of the Vm. However, the phase difference between the intra-theta and the EEG-theta was voltage dependent in both types of cells. CA1 PCs showed a large (120-180 degrees, where 360 degrees is the full cycle), gradual shift in the phase difference between the intra-theta and the EEG-theta, when the membrane was hyperpolarized to -85 from -65 mV. Although CA3 PCs displayed a larger variability in their phase-voltage relations, a voltage-dependent phase shift (90-180 degrees) could be observed in CA3 PCs as well. 5. Although the amplitude of the intra-theta in both CA1 and CA3 PCs could display large, sudden, spontaneous changes at a given Vm, the amplitude-Vm plots tended to show a minimum between -70 and -80 mV. Spontaneous changes in the amplitude of the intra-theta did not affect the phase difference between the intra- and the EEG-theta rhythms. 6. Intracellular injection of QX-314 (50-100 mM) did not change the phase-Vm or the amplitude-Vm relationships of CA1 PCs. 7. Intracellular injection of chloride (Cl-) ions greatly reduced the voltage dependency of the phase difference and revealed fast (duration: 20-25 ms), depolarizing potentials (5-20 mV), which appeared at high frequencies (25-50 Hz), amplitude modulated at theta-frequencies.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Facile synthesis of nitrogen-doped graphene supported AuPd–CeO2 nanocomposites with high-performance for hydrogen generation from formic acid at room temperature (2013)

AuPd-CeO2 nanocomposites directly nucleated and grown on nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide, exhibit excellent catalytic activity and 100% hydrogen selectivity toward formic acid decomposition for hydrogen generation without any additives at room temperature.
A Simple Nanosecond Gate for Side Window Photomultipliers and Echoes in Such Photomultipliers (1972)

A simple pulsing unit which gates on an inexpensive side window photomultiplier for 10–300 nsec with a rise time of 9 nsec is described. Following a strong pulse of light, a signal change of 1 part in 104 relative to the main pulse can be detected. Under low light conditions, the noise level is such that single photoelectrons can be detected. The performance of the system is shown in a measurement of light induced echoes in the photomultiplier which are 1000-fold weaker than the main signal.
Metals and chemical change (1999)

Introduction Reactions of Metals Metals and their Ores Metals and their Ease of Oxidation: A Hypothesis Equilibrium: A Restatement of the Problem Thomsen's Hypothesis: Towards a Solution? The Second Law of Thermodynamics: The Solution The First Law of Thermodynamics Enthalpies of Reaction: A Database Entropy Changes The Gibbs Function Metals and their Ease of Oxidation Thermodynamic and Kinetic Stability Reactivity Thermodynamics and the Oxidation of Metals Enthalpy and Entropy Terms Metals and their Ores The Born-Haber Cycle Introduction to the Remaining Sections The Lattice Energy Electrochemical Cells and Redox Potentials Ionization Energies of Atoms The Chemistry of Group I: The Alkali Elements Alkali Metal Compounds in Industry Binary Alkali Metal Compounds with Non-metals Metal Ions, Ligands and Complexes Alkali Metal Complexes The Group II or Alkaline Earth Elements Case Study: Batteries and Fuel Cells.
Primary X-Ray Dodging (1971)

By using compensating filters which can be optically aligned in the beam, radiographic image quality is increased, the dose to the patient is reduced to approximately one-half, and film costs are reduced accordingly. The improvement in image quality is the result of compensation for the varying thickness of the object and reduction in background fogging due to reduced scattering.
Flavonoids from<i>Orthosiphon spicatus</i> (1989)

In our studies on Orthosiphon spicatus, the ethyl acetate extract of the plant was separated by droplet countercurrent chromatography or by flash chromatography. Further separation was achieved by centrifugally accelerated TLC on a Chromatotron, followed by preparative TLC and/or recrystallization
Einführung (2010)

„Alles Gescheite ist schon gedacht worden, man muß nur versuchen, es noch einmal zu denken.“ Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
An Integrated Model of Third-Party Agile Logistics Based on E-Commerce (2008)

As the number of Internet purchases increases, logistics becomes more significant in e-commerce. This paper develops an integrated model of third-party agile logistics (TPAL), which is divided into three hierarchies, from top to bottom namely the principle tier, planning tier, and tactic tier. According to the relationship of top-down guidance and bottom-up support, this study puts forward and detailed the main content and element. Directions for future research are presented in this area.
Wheezes (1995)

Wheezes are continuous adventitious lung sounds. The American Thoracic Society Committee on pulmonary nomenclature define wheezes as high-pitched continuous sounds with a dominant frequency of 400 Hz or more. Rhonchi are characterized as low-pitched continuous sounds with a dominant frequency of about 200 Hz or less. The large variability in the predominant frequency of wheezes is one of the difficulties encountered with automated analysis and quantification of wheezes. The large variations observed in automated wheeze characterization emphasize the need for standardization of breath sound analysis. This standardization would help determine diagnostic criteria for wheeze identification. The mechanism of wheeze production was first compared to a toy trumpet whose sound is produced by a vibrating reed. The pitch of the wheeze is dependent on the mass and elasticity of the airway walls and on the flow velocity. More recently, a model of wheeze production based on the mathematical analysis of the stability of airflow through a collapsible tube has been proposed. According to this model, wheezes are produced by the fluttering of the airways walls and fluid together, induced by a critical airflow velocity. Many circumstances are suitable for the production of continuous adventitious lung sounds. Thus, wheezes can be heard in several diseases, not only asthma. Wheezes are usual clinical signs in patients with obstructive airway diseases and particularly during acute episodes of asthma. A relationship between the degree of bronchial obstruction and the presence and characteristics of wheezes has been demonstrated in several studies. The best result is observed when the degree of bronchial obstruction is compared to the proportion of the respiratory cycle occupied by wheeze (tw/ttot). However, the relationship is too scattered to predict forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) from wheeze duration. There is no relationship between the intensity or the pitch of wheezes and the pulmonary function. The presence or quantification of wheezes have also been evaluated for the assessment of bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Wheeze detection cannot fully replace spirometry during bronchial provocation testing but may add some interesting information. Continuous monitoring of wheezes might be a useful tool for evaluation of nocturnal asthma and its treatment.
A One-Meter X-Band Inflatable Reflectarray Antenna (1998)

Inflatable antenna technology is being developed by JPL/NASA to enable the capabilities of low-mass, high packaging efficiency, and low-cost deployment for future spacecraft high-gain antennas. One of the technologies being studied is the inflatable microstrip reflectarray.
Materials Management: The Key to Successful Project Management (1999)

A successful engineering and construction project fulfills the customer's needs while profiting the engineering company. But when money is tight, clients look for engineering companies that can provide the best product at the lowest cost. Materials management is often overlooked as method of cutting costs. Considering that for a typical industrial facility 50 to 60% of the total cost is for equipment and materials, companies obtaining those items at the lowest possible cost will provide the greatest savings. Materials management is a management system that integrates the traditional areas of purchasing, expediting and controlling the progress of the vendor. An essential part of project management, materials management can be integrated with engineering to provide an end product that meets the client's needs and is cost effective. A typical engineer-procure-construct project can be divided into seven distinct stages: planning, preliminary design, final design, procurement, vendor control, construction and closeout.
Functions of dopamine in the extrapyramidal and limbic systems. Clues for the mechanism of drug actions. (1992)

Dopamine (DA) is a neurotransmitter which modulates the transfer of information along fast-conducting pathways at the level of two main nodal points: the ventral striatum, composed by limbic areas (nucleus accumbens, tuberculum olfactorium) and the dorsal striatum, composed by extrapyramidal nuclei (caudate-putamen). These two subdivisions of the enlarged basal ganglia, are provided with different functions; accordingly, limbic DA plays an active role in goal-oriented (motivated) behaviour; instead, extrapyramidal DA is essential for execution of learned motor programs and its impairment results in the symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Various centrally acting drugs are able to interfere with DA transmission or with other neurotransmitter systems which interact with DA. Drugs of abuse owe their incentive properties to a preferential stimulation of DA transmission at the level of the limbic dopaminergic areas. On the other hand, drugs able to block glutamatergic transmission on NMDA receptors are able to selectively potentiate the action of DA at the level of a specific type of DA-receptors, the D-1 type. Knowledge of the role of DA in the brain can provide the basis not only for understanding the mechanism of drug action but also for developing new strategies for the treatment of drug abuse and extrapyramidal disorders.
Identification of CDMA signal and GSM signal using the wavelet transform (2003)

Modulation identification has found wide applications in modern communication systems. This paper proposes a method to identify the OQPSK modulation type of IS-95 CDMA signal and the GMSK modulation type of GSM signal. The two signals have different transient properties because of their different modulation schemes. The idea of the proposed method is to use wavelet transform to extract the transient behaviors of the two signals, and then perform a template matching in the wavelet transform domain for identification. Simulation results showed that the percentage of correct identification was 98% at -3 dB E/sub b//N/sub 0/ with an observation period of 0.5 ms.
A UML Based Methodology for the Development of Web Services (2010)

Web Services sind gegenwärtig eine der wichtigsten Technologien, die eine effektive Kommunikation in verteilten Systemen ermöglicht. Die Web Services Technologie basiert auf weitverbreiteten und allgemein akzeptierten Technologien und offenen Standards. Ein aktueller Trend in der Softwaretechnik ist die modellbasierte Softwareentwicklung. Die effiziente Produktion von qualitativ hochwertiger Software ist eines der Hauptziele der modellbasierten Softwareentwicklung.In dieser Arbeit wird ein umfassendes Verfahren für die modellbasierte Entwicklung von Web Services vorgestellt. Das Verfahren basiert auf der Definition eines Web Service Profils für die Unified Modeling Language (UML), das eine effiziente Definition von Modellen für Web Services ermöglicht. Zur Ausführung eines Web Services wird aus dem zugehörigen Web Service Modell der komplette Quellcode inklusive der zugehörigen Konfigurationsdateien generiert. Die Regeln zur Transformation und Quelltextgenerierung werden mit der Xpand Sprache definiert. Neben dem erwähnten UML Profil für Web Services und den Xpand-Regeln wird eine einfache Vorgehensweise zur Definition von Web Services mit Hilfe des UML Profils vorgeschlagen. Die Anwendbarkeit des in dieser Doktorarbeit entwickelten Verfahrens wird durch die Implementierung eines Web Service-basierten Bibliothekssystems nachgewiesen.
Prefiltering: cascaded stages of decimation-by-two (1989)

A very efficient method of reducing the bandwidth of a sampled signal is presented. The method is implemented as a sequence of filtering and decimation stages, where the data rate is halved in each stage. Part of the efficiency is gained through the use of symmetrical linear-phase finite-duration impulse response filters, which have the added benefit that the operation is free of any phase distortion. >
Sonar Signal Processing 1995 (2024)

The performance of adaptive beamforming algorithms is known to degrade in a moving jammer environment.This degradation occurs due to the jammer motion that brings the interfering sources out of the sharp notches of the adapted pattern.In this paper, we consider a uni ed framework that allows tomake a broad class of adaptive array algorithms robust against jammer motion.The robustness is achieved by means of arti cially broadening the directional pattern null width in the jammer directions.For this purpose, we use a special type of data-dependent sidelobe derivative constraints that do not require any a priori information about the jammers. I. INTRODUCTIONThe performance of adaptive beamforming has been discussed for stationary (non-moving) jammer scenarios, [1],However, in the future fast moving platforms become more likely in various applications.The performance of adaptive arrays severely degrades if the weights are not able to adapt suf ciently fast to the changing jamming situation.Fast adaptation has therefore be the aim of research in these cases.Moving jammers represent a serious problem, because for large antennas the directional pattern nulls are extremely sharp and jammers may soon move out of the nulls, i.e. high gain antennas are very sensitive to this type of non-stationarity.Recently, a large number of robust adaptive beamforming methods has been studied [3],
Social network thresholds in the diffusion of innovations (1996)

Threshold models have been postulated as one explanation for the success or failure of collective action and the diffusion of innovations. The present paper creates a social network threshold model of the diffusion of innovations based on the Ryan and Gross (1943) adopter categories: (1) early adopters; (2) early majority; (3) late majority; (4) laggards. This new model uses social networks as a basis for adopter categorization, instead of solely relying on the system-level analysis used previously. The present paper argues that these four adopter categories can be created either with respect to the entire social system, or with respect to an individual's personal network. This dual typology is used to analyze three diffusion datasets to show how external influence and opinion leadership channel the diffusion of innovations. Network thresholds can be used (1) to vary the definition of behavioral contagion, (2) to predict the pattern of diffusion of innovations, and (3) to identify opinion leaders and followers in order to understand the two-step flow hypothesis better.
Endothelium-targeted pharmacotherapeutics for the treatment of stroke. (2002)

The pathophysiology of stroke in humans is much more complex than what is typically studied in animal models. Embolic stroke models are more complex than pure ischemia models, but are more representative of human disease and may be particularly useful in the study of new therapeutic strategies. Vascular damage is a prominent feature of embolic stroke, and may be a useful therapeutic target. Serotonin antagonists, adenosine-regulating agents, free radical scavengers, matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors, and HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors are all potentially valuable agents in treating vascular damage after stroke. These agents facilitate decreased infarction volume, hemorrhage, and improved cerebral bloodflow.
Hierarchical Dataflow Modeling of Iterative Applications (2017)

Even though dataflow models are good at exploiting task-level parallelism of an application, it is difficult to exploit the parallelism of loop structures since they are not explicitly specified in existent dataflow models. To overcome this drawback, we propose a novel extension to the SDF model, called SDF/L graph, specifying the loop structures explicitly in a hierarchical fashion. With a given SDF/L graph specification and the mapping and scheduling information, an application can be automatically parallelized on a multicore system. The enhanced expression capability by the proposed extension is verified with two applications, k-means clustering and deep neural network application.
Formation of cobalt silicided shallow junction using implant into/through silicide technology and low temperature furnace annealing (1996)

This work investigates the shallow CoSi/sub 2/ contacted junctions formed by BF/sub 2//sup +/ and As/sup +/ implantation, respectively, into/through cobalt silicide followed by low temperature furnace annealing. For p/sup +/n junctions fabricated by 20 keV BF/sub 2//sup +/ implantation to a dose of 5/spl times/10/sup 15/ cm/sup -2/, diodes with a leakage current density less than 2 nA/cm/sup 2/ at 5 V reverse bias can be achieved by a 700/spl deg/C/60 min annealing. This diode has a junction depth less than 0.08 /spl mu/m measured from the original silicon surface. For n/sup +/p junctions fabricated by 40 keV As/sup +/ implantation to a dose of 5/spl times/10/sup 15/ cm/sup -2/, diodes with a leakage current density less than 5 nA/cm/sup 2/ at 5 V reverse bias can be achieved by a 700/spl deg/C/90 min annealing; the junction depth is about 0.1 /spl mu/m measured from the original silicon surface. Since the As/sup +/ implanted silicide film exhibited degraded characteristics, an additional fluorine implantation was conducted to improve the stability of the thin silicide film. The fluorine implantation can improve the silicide/silicon interface morphology, but it also introduces extra defects. Thus, one should determine a tradeoff between junction characteristics, silicide film resistivity, and annealing temperature.