gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Human pancreatic polypeptide and somatostatin in chronic renal failure. (1985)

Human pancreatic polypeptide is the only hormone so far reported which clearly suppresses somatostatin release, suggesting that this peptide may have a role in controlling somatostatin secretion from the gut and pancreas. In this study endogenous high circulating human pancreatic polypeptide concentrations in patients with chronic renal failure do not decrease somatostatin circulating levels. The reduced clearance rate of somatostatin in chronic renal failure may partially account for the normal circulating levels of somatostatin observed in our patients with respect to controls. Renal insufficiency may, itself, induce an increase in some gastrointestinal peptides capable of stimulating somatostatin secretion.
Selective deposition of copper by chemical vapor deposition using Cu(HFA)2 (1994)

The selectivity of chemical vapor deposition copper for metal or metallic substrates in preference to silicon dioxide was investigated systematically using copper (II) hexafluoroacetylacetonate, Cu(HFA)2, with pure hydrogen or hydrogen/argon mixtures (1:3) in a cold wall type vertical flow reactor as a function of measured total pressure (2–10 Torr), deposition temperature (310–390 °C), and inlet precursor mole fraction (0.008–0.09). The deposition temperature was found to be the most important parameter. Temperatures of 310–360 °C resulted in selective deposition under the above conditions. Auger electron spectroscopy depth profiles indicate the composition of the films. Some local nucleation of copper due to the surface imperfections on silicon oxide was observed. These studies help to clarify some discordant results reported in the literature by determining to a good approximation the conditions of temperature, pressure and gas phase composition under which selective deposition of copper was observed.
A multi-layer video browsing system (1995)

The paper proposes an effective and efficient browsing system which is capable of representing the contents of a video sequence in a multi-layer manner. In this system, users can rapidly preview some preprocessed video shots, based on some simple scene change detection algorithm, to find out the particular video segments which are of interest. Because users just preview some video shots instead of examining all the video frames, this shot-based browsing method is superior to the conventional frame-based browsing one from the view points of the network bandwidth, user friendliness, and/or browsing efficiency. Based on the proposed browsing tool, a video-on-demand (VOD) prototype system has been implemented in the Communication and Multimedia Laboratory of National Taiwan University in an Ethernet LAN environment.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Structure of Vasicine. III. Position of the Hydroxyl Group<sup>1</sup> (1935)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure of Vasicine. III. Position of the Hydroxyl Group1R. C. Morris, W. E. Hanford, and Roger AdamsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1935, 57, 5, 951–954Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1935Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1935https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01308a052https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01308a052research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views166Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Generating Future Frames with Mask-Guided Prediction (2020)

Current approaches in video prediction tend to hallucinate the future frames directly or learn global motion transformation from the entire scene. However, it is difficult for these methods without instance-aware mechanism to learn the underlying structures, dynamics and appearances of foreground and background elements simultaneously, especially when it comes to long-term prediction. In this paper, we propose an explicit instance-level prediction approach to tackle this issue and present a novel mask-guided dual network. We utilize instance masks to extract active objects from the videos, and design two LSTM branches to predict the future dynamics and appearances for objects and backgrounds individually. Superior than most recent skeleton-aided methods that only focus on single human object with two-stage procedure, our proposed network can predict instances from other categories and be trained end-to-end with a joint loss. We evaluate our approach on KTH, Penn Action and Running Horse datasets, and achieve promising results in both quality and quantity.
Digitally-controlled automatic gain control circuitsfor CMOS CCD camera interface (1999)

Automatic gain control circuit (AGC) design techniques for CMOS CCD camera interface systems are described. The required gain of the proposed AGC is controlled directly by digital bits. The amplifying function of the AGC is divided into three stages for high-speed operation. A capacitor-segment combination technique considerably improves the effective bandwidth of the AGC. While the three-stage prototype shows the 32 dB AGC dynamic range in 1/8 dB steps, the proposed two-stage AGC reduces the power and chip area further.
The use of factor eight inhibitor by-passing activity (FEIBA immuno) product for treatment of bleeding episodes in hemophiliacs with inhibitors (1983)

FEIBA (factor eight inhibitor by-passing activity) Immuno was used to achieve hemostasis in 46 patients with factor VIII inhibitors with titers greater than 4 Bethesda units, and 3 patients with factor IX inhibitors. One-hundred and sixty-five bleeding episodes were treated with 50-70 U/kg; 102 of these episodes occurred in joints. 20 in mucous membranes, 33 muscle and soft tissue, and 10 were emergency episodes including 3 central nervous system and 4 surgical procedures. Ninety-three percent of the bleeding episodes were controlled, while 7% were not controlled: 36% were controlled by one infusion in 12 hr, another 42% with 1 or more infusions in 36 hrs and an additional 14% were controlled in more than 36 hr. There were no serious side effects, and while the inhibitor titer rose in 10 of the patients, the product continued to be efficacious.
The Wittig Reaction (2011)

Abstract In 1953 Wittig and Geissler found that reaction of benzophenone with methylenetriphenylphosphorane gave 1,1‐diphenylethylene and triphenylphosphine oxide in almost quantitative yield; the phosphine had been prepared from triphenylmethylphosphonium bromide and phenyl lithium. The discovery led to the development of a new method for the synthesis of olefins, under the name Wittig reaction. One advantage of this new method is that the carbonyl group is replaced specifically by a carbon‐carbon double bond without the formation of isomeric olefins. In contrast, the older method of converting carbonyl compounds to olefins using the Grignard reaction usually give a mixture of isomeric olefins. Another advantage is the Wittig reaction is carried out under mild conditions. Discussions of modern techniques for the preparation of methylene phosphoranes are included in this review.
Computertomographische Densitometrie von Leber, Milz und Nieren bei intravenös verabreichten lebergängigen Kontrastmitteln in Bolusform (1978)

Nach Bolusinjektion von lebergängigem Kontrastmittel in klinisch gebräuchlicher Dosierung wurde die computertomographische Densitometrie von Leber, Milz und Nieren durchgeführt. Neben dem zeitlichen Verlauf des Absorptionsverhaltens nach Kontrastmittelgabe wurde zum Zeitpunkt jeder computertomographischen Untersuchung die Jod-Konzentration im Serum bestimmt. Durch die Aufstellung einer Eichkurve, die den Vergleich zwischen Jodgehalt im Serum und Gewebe sowie dem Anstieg der Absorptionszahlen ermöglicht, lassen sich quantitative Aussagen über die Kontrastmittelanreicherung in den untersuchten Organen machen; daneben ermöglichen die aus den aufgenommenen Kurven erkennbaren unterschiedlichen Zeitabhängigkeiten Aussagen über die selektive Anreicherung des Kontrastmittels im Leberparenchym und die heterotope Ausscheidung über die Nieren. Ein Vergleich der quantitativen Jodkonzentrationsbestimmung mit direkten Kontrastmittelmessungen (T-Drain) anderer Autoren ergibt eine gute Übereinstimmung für die Messungen an Gallenblase und großen Gallengängen.
Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Controlled, Prospective Study with Ten Years of Observation (2009)

Abstract Two hundred eighty patients with herniated lumbar discs, verified by radiculography, were divided into three groups. One group, which mainly will be dealt with in this paper, consisted of 126 patients with uncertain indication for surgical treatment, who had their therapy decided by randomization which permitted comparison between the results of surgical and conservative treatment. Another group comprising 67 patients had symptoms and signs that beyond doubt, required surgical therapy. The third group of 87 patients was treated conservatively because there was no indication for operative intervention. Follow-up examinations in the first group were performed after one, four, and ten years. The controlled trial showed a statistically significant better result in the surgically treated group at the one-year follow-up examination. After four years the operated patients still showed better results, but the difference was no longer statistically significant. Only minor changes took place during the last six years of observation.
A Survey Paper on Cloud Computing (2012)

Cloud computing is the biggest buzz in the computer world these days -- maybe too big of a buzz. Cloud computing means different things to different people. Cloud computing is not a small, undeveloped branch of IT. Research firm IDC thinks that cloud computing will reach $42 billion in 2012. You can do everything on cloud from running applications to storing data off-site. You can run entire operating systems on the cloud. This paper is for anyone who may have recently heard the term "cloud computing" for the first time and needs to know what it is and how it helps them.
드라마 팬덤 커뮤니티의 UCC와 팬픽션 창작/생산 과정 연구 : 드라마 ‘커피 프린스 1호점’과 ‘선덕여왕’ 커뮤니티를 중심으로 (2015)

드라마 팬덤 커뮤니티의 창조적 사용자들은 드라마에 대한 자신들의 니즈(needs)를 충족시키기 위해 즉흥적 놀이(improvisatory play)로서 원작 드라마를 복사·변형하여 다양하고 무수한 UCC와 팬픽션들을 창작(creation)/생산(production)하고 있다. 전통적 드라마 생산 방식에서와는 다르게 창조적 사용자들은 팬덤 커뮤니티를 통해 UCC와 팬픽션을 창작/생산하는 집합적·동료적 상호작용의 패턴을 보여 주고 있다. 본 논문은 드라마 팬덤 커뮤니티의 UCC와 팬픽션의 구체적인 창작/생산 과정을 드라마 ‘커피 프린스 1호점’과 ‘선덕여왕’ 커뮤니티를 사례로 실증적으로 분석하고자 한다. 연구 결과 첫째, 창조적 사용자들은 대중화되고 민주화된 툴킷(toolkit)을 사용하여 즉흥적이며 자유로운 놀이이자 집합적이며 협업적인 작업으로서 UCC를 창작·공유·감상·평가하는 상호호혜적 관계를 작동시키고 있다. 둘째, 미디어 기업에 의해 지적재산권이 개방된 원작 드라마의 콘텐츠, 내러티브, 설정, 캐릭터를 기반으로 하는 모듈화된 재료들을 사용하여 온오프라인과 미디어, 그리고 장르를 넘나드는 컨버전스적 방식으로 콘텐츠를 창작/생산하고 있다. 셋째, 소통·지식·학습·공감·재미 기반의 개방적이며 다이내믹한 팬덤 커뮤니티의 생산 메커니즘은 드라마 생태계에서 드라마 콘텐츠에 새로운 가치를 창출시키며 상품 생애 주기를 연장하고, 다양한 파생 상품군들을 발생시키는 사용자 기반 혁신(user based in-novation) 공유지를 작동시키고 있다.
STUDIES ON IMMUNITY IN ANTHRAX X (1963)

Puziss, Milton (Fort Detrick, Frederick, Md.) and George G. Wright. Studies on immunity in anthrax. X. Gel-adsorbed protective antigen for immunization of man. J. Bacteriol. 85:230-236. 1963.-Protective antigen in filtrates of anaerobic cultures of Bacillus anthracis was not readily precipitable by alum or other aluminum salts, but was adsorbed onto a preformed aluminum hydroxide gel under specific conditions. The adsorbed product was highly effective in immunizing rabbits, guinea pigs, and mice against challenge with virulent B. anthracis spores. Gel-adsorbed anaerobic antigens preserved with 1:10,000 thimerosal were unstable on storage at 4 C; replacement of this preservative with 1:40,000 benzethonium chloride produced a more stable product. Addition of 0.0009% formalin further increased the stability during accelerated aging at 37 C. The final product had high protective activity in animals and was well tolerated in man.
Granular quantization noise in a class of delta-sigma modulators (1994)

The trend toward digital signal processing in communication systems has resulted in a large demand for fast accurate analog-to-digital (A/D) converters, and advances in VLSI technology have made /spl Delta//spl Sigma/ modulator-based A/D converters attractive solutions. However, rigorous theoretical analyses have only been performed for the simplest /spl Delta//spl Sigma/ modulator architectures. Existing analyses of more complicated /spl Delta//spl Sigma/ modulators usually rely on approximations and computer simulations. In the paper, a rigorous analysis of the granular quantization noise in a general class of /spl Delta//spl Sigma/ modulators is developed. Under the assumption that some input-referred circuit noise or dither is present, the second-order asymptotic statistics of the granular quantization noise sequences are determined and ergodic properties are derived.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
How Young Schoolboys Become Somebody: The role of the body in the construction of masculinity (2003)

This paper explores the key role of the body in the construction of identity in school boys aged 10-11. The findings are based on data gathered from a 1-year empirical study set in three UK junior schools. I argue that the body is used by the boys as a means of classification, inclusion and differentiation, and is the principal resource to establish status and position within the pupil peer group. The most prevalent and esteemed resource is physicality and athleticism (found particularly in sports and informal playground games), but I also examine how the body is used in tough and intimidating ways, and show how boys construct identities by using their bodies as a social symbol to display items of sports-related and brand-inscribed clothing. Finally, I consider how the body forms a major component in the construction of dominant and subordinated forms of masculinity.
Assessing Pearl Quality Using Reflectance UV-Vis Spectroscopy: Does the Same Donor Produce Consistent Pearl Quality? (2010)

Two groups of commercial quality ("acceptable") pearls produced using two donors, and a group of "acceptable" pearls from other donors were analyzed using reflectance UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Three pearls with different colors produced by the same donor showed different absorption spectra. Cream and gold colored pearls showed a wide absorption from 320 to about 460 nm, while there was just slight reflectance around 400 nm by the white pearl with a pink overtone. Cream and gold pearls reached a reflectance peak at 560 to 590 nm, while the white pearl with pink overtone showed slightly wider absorption in this region. Both cream and gold pearls showed an absorption peak after the reflectance peak, at about 700 nm for the cream pearl and 750 nm for the gold pearl. Two other pearls produced by the same donor (white with cream overtone and cream with various overtones) showed similar spectra, which differed in their intensity. One of these pearls had very high lustre and its spectrum showed a much higher percentage reflectance than the second pearl with inferior lustre. This result may indicate that reflectance is a useful quantitative indicator of pearl lustre. The spectra of two white pearls resulting from different donors with the same color nacre (silver) showed a reflectance at 260 nm, followed by absorption at 280 nm and another reflectance peak at 340 nm. After this peak the spectra for these pearls remained flat until a slight absorption peak around 700 nm. Throughout the visible region, all white pearls used in this study showed similar reflectance spectra although there were differences in reflectance intensity. Unlike the spectral results from white pearls, the results from yellow and gold pearls varied according to color saturation of the pearl. The results of this study show that similarities between absorption and reflectance spectra of cultured pearls resulting from the same saibo donor are negligible and could not be detected with UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Nevertheless, this technique could have a role to play in developing less subjective methods of assessing pearl quality and in further studies of the relationships between pearl quality and that of the donor and recipient oysters.
Resistant starch: Classification, structure, production (2004)

Starch is a high-molecular carbohydrate composed of linear (amylose) and branched (amylopectin) chains of glucose residues. In water, at increased temperatures, it undergoes gelatinisation followed by amylase-induced hydrolysis. Owing to this, it is completely digested in the gastrointestinal tract of humans. Also raw starch of some plant species, e.g. cereals, is subject to complete but slow digestion. In addition, starch may occur in the form incapable of enzymatic hydrolysis, referred to as “resistant starch” (RS). Resistant starch is a sum of starch and products of its degradation undigested in the small intestine of humans. There are four types of resistant starch. Type I RS – physically unavailable starch. Amylolytic enzymes have no access to starch accumulated in undamaged plant cells as the gastrointestinal tract lacks enzymes capable of degrading the components of plant cell walls. Type II RS – raw starch of some plant species, e.g. potato. Type III RS – retrograded starch, i.e. spontaneously- or artificially-precipitated from starch paste, occurring in the form of water-insoluble semi-crystalline structures. As a result of retrogradation, more thermostable structures are formed by amylose rather than by amylopectin. The amount of resistant starch produced this way increases along with the increasing amylose content of starch. Type IV RS – chemically- or physically-modified starch. Resistant starch has been reported to reduce the caloric value of food products and to decrease glucose level in blood. In the large intestine, it is fermented by gut-colonising bacteria. Products of its fermentation include gases and short-chain fatty acids – acetic, propionic and butyric, which are responsible for favourable selection of intestinal microflora, reduce the levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, and urea in blood, as well as prevent the formation of gut cancer. Commercial preparations of resistant starch are also produced to be used as food additives. Their resistance to the activity of enzymes, as well as physiological effects of their application, are determined with in vitro and in vivo methods. Results of those analyses are not always unequivocal, especially with the application of resistant starch with artificially-increased resistance. Resistant starch may serve as dietary fibre and exert a health-promoting effect on the human organism. Therefore further studies into its formation and results of its application in food production are still necessary.
Means of Reducing Ringing Times in Pulsed Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1965)

Two auxiliary circuits are described for incorporation in a pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance system to reduce the deadtime of the system following an rf exciting pulse. The function of one, a driven balanced clamp, is to reduce the Q of the detecting circuit for a controlled time after each pulse. The other, a symmetric damping circuit requiring little operating power, works in conjunction with the transmitter to ``square-up'' the rf pulses generated. The circuits presented here represent certain improvements in established techniques of clamping and damping. Additionally, it is pointed out that there is a particular advantage, with respect to minimizing the deadtime in a coherent system, of using timing pulses which are phase locked to the rf reference.
EFFECTS OF JUVENILE HORMONE MIMICS ON THE OVARY IN THE IMMATURE SPIDER CRAB,<i>LIBINIA EMARGINATA</i> (1981)

Immature spider crab females were treated with juvenile hormone analogs, ZR-512, ZR-619, and ZR-777. After 15 days, the ovaries were collected and prepared for electron microscopy. Many oocytes in premeiotic stages became necrotic after treatment showing chromatin condensation, intra-nuclear membrane-bound vesicles, and many electron-dense cytoplasmic bodies. Early vitellogenic oocytes, however showed little response to any of the analogs. ZR-619 and to a lesser extent ZR-777 caused the development of large spaces between follicle cells and between follicle cells and oocytes.
Cucurbitacin: Ancient Compound Shedding New Light on Cancer Treatment (2010)

Cucurbitacins and their derivatives are triterpenoids found in medicinal plants known for their diverse pharmacological and biological activities, including anticancer effects, throughout human history. Although initial attention to cucurbitacin as a potential anticancer drug withered for decades, recent discoveries showing that cucurbitacin is a strong STAT3 (Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription-3) inhibitor have reclaimed the attention of the drug industry one more time. There is increasing evidence showing that some cucurbitacins not only inhibit the JAK-STAT pathway, but also affect other signaling pathways, such as the MAPK pathway, which are also known to be important for cancer cell proliferation and survival. Moreover, some reports have shown the synergistic effect of cucurbitacins with known chemotherapeutic agents, such as doxorubicin and gemcitabine. In this review, we will summarize the recent discoveries regarding molecular mechanisms of action of cucurbitacins in human cancer cells and discuss the possibilities of cucurbitacin as a future anticancer drug in clinical settings.
Why a True Account of Human Development Requires Exemplar Research (2013)

This chapter uses moral psychology to illustrate why exemplar methods are essential for building a valid, complete understanding of key domains of human development. Social psychological, economic, and biological-evolutionary paradigms for studying morality rely on samples drawn from the general population. This research reveals a bleak picture of morality, highlighting its irrational, self-interested, externally controlled aspects. If the subjects in these studies are confused, pliable, or profit-maximizing, these studies conclude that people in general are morally irrational and self-interested. In contrast, studies that investigate morally exceptional individuals reveal a more thoughtful, ideal-driven, self-reflective, creative version of moral functioning. Any account that neglects this high-functioning segment of the range is seriously misleading and cannot provide the basis for aspiration or education.