gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Use of eggshell-derived nano-hydroxyapatite as novel bone graft substitute–A randomized controlled clinical study (2019)

Background Use of various bone graft substitutes are advised to prevent bone loss, periodontal problems, and enhance bone formation after surgical removal of the mandibular third molar. Choice of graft substitute depends on biological properties and the cost of the material. So, a preliminary study was planned to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of eggshell-derived nano-hydroxyapatite as an emerging graft substitute for the enhancement of bone regeneration. Materials and methods Twelve patients (out of 20 enrolled) were finally assessed for bone healing after surgical removal of bilateral mandibular third molars in a split-mouth randomized controlled clinical study. All of them were assessed and compared at baseline, first, third, and sixth month. Clinically wound healing and probing depth were assessed. Radiographically the changes in density, bone formation characteristics, and bone level were evaluated. The observers were blinded for the surgical procedure and follow-up duration. The study protocol was approved by Institutional Ethics Committee and registered with National clinical trial registry. Results Wound healing was uneventful in all 24 extraction sites of 12 patients. Trabecular bone pattern with increased bone density was observed indicating complete bone healing in the graft group at third month. Probing depth was gradually decreased over a follow-up period and remained within normal limits during the third-month follow-up. These changes in the graft group were significant compared to the control group. The grafting with eggshell-derived nano-hydroxyapatite showed better bone regeneration properties without any infection or undue reactions. Conclusion Eggshell-derived nano-hydroxyapatite showed enhancement of bone regeneration compared to the control group. Grafting maintained bone height and prevented periodontal problem emergence. Eggshell-derived nano-hydroxyapatite is a safe synthetic graft substitute because it is derived from eggshell without any diseases transfer risks, unlike allografts. The process of preparation is environment-friendly. The beneficial effects of eggshell-derived nano-hydroxyapatite may be extrapolated to develop an ideal economic graft substitute.
An oligonucleotide probe that distinguishes isolates of low virulence from the more pathogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus. (1994)

A synthesized oligonucleotide, termed cleavage probe (NDV-CL), has been designed to complement the cleavage-activation site of the fusion gene of the Texas GB isolate of Newcastle disease virus (NDV). This oligonucleotide probe, 21 bases in length, bound with RNA from velogenic strains of NDV tested in a slot-blot hybridization assay. The probe also recognized RNA from the mesogenic strains used in this assay, although no signal was observed with RNA isolated from lentogenic NDVs or with that from other common avian viruses used as controls. This probe did not recognize RNA from isolates of other paramyxovirus serotypes (PMV-2 or PMV-3) included in this study. The ability of this probe to distinguish lentogenic NDVs, which cause little or no clinical disease, from those strains that may produce severe morbidity and/or mortality suggests a potential use for the probe in a molecular diagnostic assay.
Rectal Absorption of Omeprazole from Suppository in Humans (1996)

The oral absorption of omeprazole is incomplete, in part due to first-pass metabolism. We investigated the feasibility of rectal administration of omeprazole by comparing its absorption from a Witepsol H15-based rectal suppository and an orally administered commercial gelatin capsule in 10 male volunteers. Profiles of plasma concentration between two preparations (20 mg) were not statistically different, indicating that the rate and the extent of absorption were similar. Paired t-test revealed no significant differences in area under the curve, mean residence time, and time to peak concentration between two preparations. On the other hand, lag time of absorption and peak concentration were statistically different (p < 0.05) between these preparations. Under these experimental conditions, the rectal route did not produce an improvement in the extent of absorption over an oral capsule.
Revenue-Maximized Offloading Decision and Fine-Grained Resource Allocation in Edge Network (2019)

For providing highly demanding services with powerful computational ability and ultra low-latency communication, mobile edge computing (MEC) has been recognized as a bright rising star among key technologies for the next-generation networking. Generally, jointly optimizing offloading decision and resource allocation in one multi-variable problem is complicated. To decrease computational scale and develop practicable strategy by splitting problems, we divide the workflow of MEC-enabled base station into two stages. First, through formulating a task offloading problem, we propose a low-complexity improved simulated annealing-based heuristic offloading decision (SAHOD) algorithm to maximize network revenue from the perspective of mobile network operator. Then, the optimal fine-grained resource allocation solution is obtained in closed forms via Lagrange duality decomposition method. Furthermore, an effective realtime sub-gradient-based resource allocation (SGRA) algorithm is presented to converge to a specific optimal allocation strategy within the adjustable accuracy. For given users, simulation results show that our SAHOD algorithm can earn about 20.5% more revenue than value-based greedy algorithm. Besides, our SGRA algorithm can converge within 4 iterations and obtain approximately 19.3% more sum rates than static scheduling method.
Formation of Etchable Tracks in Dielectrics (1968)

It is proposed that etchable damage is produced in dielectrics by energetic charged particles when a critical dosage of ionization energy is deposited at a critical distance from the ion's path by secondary electrons. Within the critical cylinder, molecular fragments more soluble than the parent molecule are formed. The radius of the critical cylinder is taken to be approximately 20 \AA{}, as is appropriate to the passage of the etchant along the track and the diffusion of reaction products back to the surface. At the critical radius the dosage approximates doses producing bulk damage under $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ irradiation. The proposed criterion predicts the formation or nonformation of etchable tracks in Lexan polycarbonate, cellulose nitrate, and mica, in agreement with published data. The calculations have been extended to magnetic monopoles to establish criteria for their detection in dielectric track detectors.
Reduced functional connectivity within and between ‘social’ resting state networks in autism spectrum conditions (2012)

Individuals with autism spectrum conditions (ASC) have difficulties in social interaction and communication, which is reflected in hypoactivation of brain regions engaged in social processing, such as medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), amygdala and insula. Resting state studies in ASC have identified reduced connectivity of the default mode network (DMN), which includes mPFC, suggesting that other resting state networks incorporating 'social' brain regions may also be abnormal. Using seed-based connectivity and group independent component analysis (ICA) approaches, we looked at resting functional connectivity in ASC between specific 'social' brain regions, as well as within and between whole networks incorporating these regions. We found reduced functional connectivity within the DMN in individuals with ASC, using both ICA and seed-based approaches. Two further networks identified by ICA, the salience network, incorporating the insula and a medial temporal lobe network, incorporating the amygdala, showed reduced inter-network connectivity. This was underlined by reduced seed-based connectivity between the insula and amygdala. The results demonstrate significantly reduced functional connectivity within and between resting state networks incorporating 'social' brain regions. This reduced connectivity may result in difficulties in communication and integration of information across these networks, which could contribute to the impaired processing of social signals in ASC.
AN APPROACH FOR EXTENDING BUILDING INFORMATION MODELS (BIM) TO SPECIFICATIONS (2013)

The Construction industry accounts for a tenth of global GDP. Still, challenges such as slow adoption of new work processes, islands of information, and legal disputes, remain frequent, industry-wide occurrences despite various attempts to address them. In response, IT-based approaches have been adopted to explore collaborative ways of executing construction projects. Building Information Modelling (BIM) is an exemplar of integrative technologies whose 3D-visualisation capabilities have fostered collaboration especially between clients and design teams. Yet, the ways in which specification documents are created and used in capturing clients' expectations based on industry standards have remained largely unchanged since the 18th century. As a result, specification-related errors are still common place in an industry where vast amounts of information are consumed as well as produced in the course project implementation in the built environment. By implication, processes such as cost planning which depend on specification-related information remain largely inaccurate even with the use of BIM-based technologies. This paper briefly distinguishes between non-BIM-based and BIM-based specifications and reports on-going efforts geared towards the latter. We review exemplars aimed at extending Building Information Models to specification information embedded within the objects in a product library and explore a viable way of reasoning about a semi-automated process of specification using our product library.
Studies Involving Isotopically Labeled Formic Acid and its Derivatives.<sup>1,2</sup> V. Studies of the Decarbonylation of Formic, Benzoylformic and Triphenylacetic Acids in Sulfuric Acid (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudies Involving Isotopically Labeled Formic Acid and its Derivatives.1,2 V. Studies of the Decarbonylation of Formic, Benzoylformic and Triphenylacetic Acids in Sulfuric AcidGus A. RoppCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 4, 842–852Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01489a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01489a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views141Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
∆9‑tetrahydrocannabinol inhibits epithelial‑mesenchymal transition and metastasis by targeting matrix metalloproteinase‑9 in endometrial cancer (2018)

Limited therapeutic interventions are clinically available for treating aggressive endometrial cancer (EC). Therefore, effective therapies are urgently required. Therefore, the present study investigated the role of ∆<sup>9</sup>-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), which is reported to impact proliferative and migratory activities during impairment of cancer progression. In the present study, cell migration in response to THC was measured using transwell assays. Using western blot analysis, the levels of cannabinoid receptors in EC tissues were detected and pathways leading to the inhibition of cell migration by THC on human EC cells were determined. Results suggested that cannabinoid receptors were highly expressed in EC tissues. Furthermore, THC inhibited EC cell viability and motility by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and downregulating matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) gene expression in aggressive human EC cells. The results have the potential to promote the development of novel compounds for the treatment of EC metastasis. The presnet findings suggest that THC may inhibit human EC cell migration through regulating EMT and MMP-9 pathways.
Genome-wide scans for QTL affecting carcass traits in Hereford × composite double backcross populations1 (2002)

A genome-wide scan for chromosomal regions influencing carcass traits was conducted spanning 2.413 morgans on 29 bovine autosomes using 229 microsatellite markers. Two paternal half-sib families of backcross progenies were produced by mating Hereford × composite gene combination (CGC) bulls to both Hereford and CGC dams. Progeny of the first sire (n = 146) were born in 1996 and progeny of the second sire (n = 112) were born in 1997. Each year cattle were fed out and slaughtered serially when they were between 614 and 741 d of age. Phenotypes measured at harvest were: live weight; carcass weight; fat depth; marbling; percentage kidney, pelvic, and heart fat (KPH); and rib eye area. Dressing percentage and USDA Yield Grade were calculated from these data. The phenotypes were adjusted to age-, live weight-, and fat depth-constant endpoints using analysis of covariance. The resulting residuals were analyzed by interval mapping to detect QTL. Within family, nominal significance was established by permutation analysis. Approximate genome-wide significance levels were established by applying the Bonferroni correction to the nominal probability levels. Regression and error sums of squares and degrees of freedom were pooled across families when suggestive linkage identified in one family was confirmed in the other. The results indicate promising locations for QTL affecting live weight on BTA 17 and marbling on BTA 2 that segregate in Bos taurus. Also, previously identified linkage between central markers on BTA 5 and USDA Yield Grade was confirmed in one family. Greater marker saturation in these regions coupled with refined methods for data analysis will lead to more precise determination of QTL positions.
Alpha calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II selectively expressed in a subpopulation of excitatory neurons in monkey sensory- motor cortex: comparison with GAD-67 expression (1994)

In situ hybridization histochemistry and immunocytochemistry, including double immunofluorescence, were used to study the populations of neurons expressing the alpha subunit of type II calcium/calmodulin- dependent protein kinase (CAM II kinase-alpha) or glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in the somatic sensory and motor areas of the macaque monkey cerebral cortex. Sections were subjected to in situ hybridization using radioactive, complementary RNA probes specific for monkey CAM II kinase-alpha or 67 kDa GAD mRNAs. Others were stained immunocytochemically for CAM II kinase-alpha and/or GABA. CAM II kinase- alpha and GAD-67 are expressed in different populations of cells, with no colocalization. CAM II kinase-alpha is expressed in pyramidal cells of layers II-VI, especially layers II and III, as well as in certain small nonpyramidal cells of layer IV in areas 3a, 3b, 1, and 2 and of middle regions of area 4. Both cell types produce excitatory amino acid transmitters. Therefore, as in subcortical regions, CAM II kinase-alpha will be found on the presynaptic side of excitatory synapses but on the postsynaptic side only when these synapses occur on excitatory neurons in the sensory-motor cortex. Quantitative examination showed that CAM II kinase-alpha immunoreactive cells form, on average, approximately 50% of the total neuronal population in each area, while GABA immunoreactive or GAD cRNA hybridized cells form approximately 25–30%. Thus, CAM II kinase-alpha expressing cells cannot account for the total population of non-GABAergic cortical cells, and a certain proportion of the pyramidal cells probably do not express it. In other cortical areas, gene expression for the two molecules is regulated by afferent activity. Therefore, the present results form a necessary basis for studies aimed at determining the role of activity-dependent changes in the balance of excitation and inhibition as a mechanism underlying plasticity of representational maps in the primate sensory-motor cortex.
Efficacy of the nicotine vaccine 3′‐<scp>AmNic‐rEPA</scp> (<scp>NicVAX</scp>) co‐administered with varenicline and counselling for smoking cessation: a randomized placebo‐controlled trial (2014)

The nicotine vaccine, NicVAX, does not appear to improve the chances of stopping smoking when given in addition to varenicline and behavioural support.
Political Neutrality: a Formula for School Failure (1989)

Principals can ill afford not to become active in the political process, advise these writers, who firmly believe that principals can be among the loudest and most informed voices in town.
The monocyte‐derived chemokine is released in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of steady‐state asthmatics (2003)

Infiltration of the airways by T helper type 2 (Th2) lymphocytes is a well-recognized feature of bronchial asthma. Monocyte-derived chemokine (MDC) is a potent attractant which activates Th2 lymphocytes via the chemokine receptor CCR4. We have investigated both leukocyte recruitment and MDC release into the airways of asthmatic patients. Differential cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid showed that numbers of lymphocytes and eosinophils were elevated in asthmatics compared with normal subjects (median, 6.1 vs. 1.0 x 10(3)/ml, P < 0.005 and 1.4 vs. 0.24 x 10(3)/ml, P = 0.001, respectively). By enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay it was demonstrated that MDC concentrations were significantly elevated in BAL fluid from asthmatics compared with normals (medians 282 pg/ml, range 190-780 pg/ml vs. median 29 pg/ml range 17-82 pg/ml, P < 0.001). Interestingly, there was a significant correlation between MDC levels and the bronchoconstrictive response to methacholine [PC20 forced expiratory volume (FEV)1, r = -0.78, P = 0.001], suggesting that MDC may be involved in the severity of the disease. By immunohistochemistry, MDC was localized predominantly to the bronchial epithelium in bronchial biopsies derived from stable asthmatics. Moreover, primary human airway epithelial cells were found to release MDC upon cytokine stimulation. These findings suggest that MDC may play a major role in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma.
The effect of storage on Guthrie cards: implications for deoxyribonucleic acid amplification. (1997)

The effect of storage on (1) amplifiability of nucleic acid (present at low level) and (2) properties of whole blood polymerase chain reaction (PCR) inhibitors (present at high levels) in Guthrie card bloodspots was evaluated. Natural PCR inhibitors (protein, hemoglobin, iron) were selectively eluted from Guthrie cards (1 to 30 mo storage) under nondenaturing conditions and quantitated. The PCR was performed by direct amplification. It was found that PCR inhibitors become increasingly resistant to elution ("fixed") over time. For example, 600 micrograms protein, 1.87 au hemoglobin, and 374 ng iron were solubilized from 1 mo bloodspots. In contrast, only 137 micrograms protein (22 percent), 0.34 au hemoglobin (18 percent), and 147 ng iron (39 percent) were solubilized from 30 mo bloodspots. Fixation does not result from excessive desiccation since bloodspot weight 2.20 mg +/- 0.21 (1 mo) and 1.92 mg +/- 0.31 (30 mo) was not significantly changed (p > 0.05). The majority of protein was characterized as albumin, and two rbc metal-containing proteins, carbonic anhydrase and hemoglobin by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Despite the presence of "fixed" PCR inhibitors, it was found that bloodspots stored 1 to 30 mo could be amplified for two regions (98 bp and 491 bp amplicons) encoding the delta F508 cystic fibrosis mutation. It is suggested that nucleic acid also becomes "fixed" to the filter paper matrix and accounts, in part, for the ability to amplify Guthrie cards by direct PCR and low yield of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) reported for microextraction methods.
Morphology and structure of hexagonal MoO3 nanorods (2008)

We have prepared h-MoO3 nanocrystals in the form of well-faceted straight hexagonal rods with an aspect ratio of l/d ≃ 60. The nanocrystals have been characterized by x-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and IR/Raman spectroscopy. Their phase composition has been determined, and their morphology and spectroscopic properties have been studied in detail.
Novel algorithm networks for Clos-type networks (1990)

A new routing algorithm for controlling nonblocking Clos-type permutation networks is presented. Unlike previous algorithms based on matrix decomposition and looping techniques, the algorithm uses a new method called scheduling, does not use iterations, and has execution time 0(Nr1/2) where N is the total number of ports, and r is the number of first-stage switches.
An epidemiological evaluation of the causes of cancer of the pancreas. (1975)

Summary Variables that appear to affect the development of cancer of the pancreas include a diet high in fat and/or cholesterol and excessive cigarette smoking. There are a number of variables that appear to play no role in the development of cancer of the pancreas including alcohol, clinically apparent pancreatitis, and weight. In women there exists a positive correlation with diabetes and cholecystectomy. There are three ways in which tobacco smoke can increase the risk of cancer of the pancreas: containment of tobacco carcinogens in bile which can be refluxed from the bile duct into the pancreatic duct; tobacco carcinogens which can be distributed by the blood stream (such substances could include certain nitrosamines, some of which are known to be organ specific to the pancreas of experimental animals); and, to the extent that cigarette smoking can increase blood lipids and since blood lipids may affect the development of pancreatic cancer, this could be another mechanistic pathway. How dietary factors can affect the development of cancer of the pancreas is a question that needs answering. The possibility of in vivo transformation of cholesterol to a cholesterol epoxide is just one of the possibilities that must be Considered. This presentation summarizes the up-to-date epidemiological evidence suggesting the relationship between diet and cigarette smoking to cancer of the pancreas, makes recommendations for future epidemiological and experimental studies that should be undertaken, and proposes preventive steps that should be carried out.
Steganography in WiMAX networks (2013)

The main subject of this work is to propose and analyze steganographic systems using WiMAX (802.16-2004) networks physical layer (PHY). According to this, two new systems were described. These proposals allow to create additional, hidden for unauthorized users channels used to transmission of secret messages. First one - System I uses frames padding and second one - System II is based on properties of RS error correction code that is used in WiMAX. Effectiveness of proposed systems was assessed on the base of simulations. For that purpose SIMULINK, which is the part of MATLAB, proved to be the best solution. Built models, which imitate network's physical layer, allow to evaluate systems in terms of effectiveness, security and costs of using.