gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Semi-Parametric Estimation in the Compositional Modeling of Multicomponent Systems from Raman Spectroscopic Data (2006)

Identification and quantification of molecular species are central applications of molecular spectroscopy. In complex multicomponent systems like tissue samples, linear parametric models are often used to estimate the relative concentrations of the biochemical components of the sample. In situations where not all of the components of the sample are known or modeled, such parametric models can suffer from omitted variable bias and result in skewed estimates of component concentrations. We propose a semi-parametric approach that tries to avoid this omitted variable bias by effectively including unknown covariates as a non-parametric term in the regression equation. Constituent concentrations estimated with such partial linear models should outperform strict parametric linear models when the user has limited information on the composition of a multi-constituent system.
Caloric and Rotational Testing: Merits, Pitfalls and Myths (2001)

<i>Objectives:</i> The evaluation of the caloric and the rotational tests in the light of contemporary data on the function and dysfunction of the vestibular system. This is attempted by using novel engineering system notions. <i>Material and Patients:</i> Our work in mathematical modeling of the vestibuloocular reflex. In addition, our data from thousands of patients submitted to caloric testing and more than one hundred patients submitted to rotational testing. <i>Methods:</i> Analysis of results in light of system engineering notions. <i>Results and Conclusions:</i> The caloric test, corresponding to low head velocity and movement frequency, is an excellent test in defining the degree of excitability of one side versus the other. If there is a bilateral loss of vestibular function both, right and left, caloric responses will be compromised. However, the definition of the dynamic condition of the system and the detection of nonlinearities, especially in the presence of pathology, require rotational tests, which will yield such information if data are appropriately processed. Present day knowledge is insufficient on: (1) the functional contribution of the fast phase of nystagmus, (2) the synergistic effects of semicircular canals and otoliths, and (3) the synergistic effects of vestibular and other sensory modalities.
[Biological markers reflecting peripheral effects of thyroid hormones in autonomous thyroid adenoma]. (1991)

In some patients with functioning thyroid autonomous nodules preclinical hyperthyroidism is detected. It is important to know, whether in this intermediate clinical state beside the suppression of pituitary TSH secretion other target organs are also affected by serum free-thyroxine and free-triiodothyronine levels still within the normal range. Determining some sensitive, but not specific biologic markers reflecting the impact of thyroid hormones at the peripheral tissue level, it was demonstrated that in the group of preclinical hyperthyroidism the mean level of plasma fibronectin exceeded that of the controls (mean +/- S. D.: 583.5 +/- 163.9 vs. 424.2 +/- 84.1 micrograms/ml, p less than 0.001), serum procollagen-III-peptide concentration was already significantly raised, though its value was still within the normal range (mean +/- S. D.: 0.73 +/- 0.17 vs. 0.57 +/- 0.16 U/ml, p less than 0.05), conversely, mean sex-hormone binding globulin level was the same as in euthyroid controls (mean +/- S. D. 47.4 +/- 18.2 vs. 48.3 +/- 16.3 nmol/l). The value of all three parameters was significantly elevated in patients with toxic nodular goiter. Based on the results of this study "tissue"-thyrotoxicosis is suspected in some patients with preclinical hyperthyroidism, which may have therapeutical implications.
OPTIMIZING DAYLIGHT SIMULATION FOR SPEED AND ACCURACY (2003)

A study by Reinhart and Herkel showed that long-term predictions of daylight availability in architectural spaces should take the daylight conditions of all individual time steps into account. However, most contemporary simulation tools and algorithms require such long computation times that it is impractical or even unrealistic to perform a simulation of the daylight penetration for each time step. This paper discusses two adaptations of a known algorithm, radiosity, that bring down the required computation time for an annual prediction from the order of days to the order of seconds.
Edentulousness and neuroleptic-induced neck and trunk dyskinesia. (1991)

Edentulousness, by disrupting trigeminal propioceptive input from the oral cavity to the basal ganglia, may increase the risk for neuroleptic-induced orofacial dyskinesia. Since lesions of the globus pallidus alter trigeminal sensory-induced reflexive neck muscle activity in rats and the putamen-caudate complex regulates vestibular and propioceptive mechanisms, edentulousness could facilitate also the expression of neuroleptic-induced neck and trunk dyskinesias. In a sample of 131 neuroleptic-treated chronic schizophrenic patients, we found that edentulous patients exhibited significantly more neck and trunk dyskinesias as compared to nonedentulous patients (p less than 005). By contrast, dyskinesias of the face, tongue, and extremities did not differ between the two cohorts of patients. Our findings imply that edentulousness may increase the risk of neck and trunk dyskinesias and highlight the importance of the dental status in tardive dyskinesia.
Maximizing wind turbine production using revisited CRONE control (2012)

International audience
President Truman Speaks: A Study of Ideas vs. Media (1950)

The way in which each individual related ideas to his own needs and values had more effect upon recall, in this instance, than repetition of a theme by either speaker or media. Dr. Swanson is director of the Research Division, School of Journalism, University of Minnesota, where Jones is a staff member. Jones is also on the staff in Psychology, as is Jenkins.
Scleroglucan: A Versatile Polysaccharide for Modified Drug Delivery (2005)

Scleroglucan is a natural polysaccharide, produced by fungi of the genus Sclerotium, that has been extensively studied for various commercial applications (secondary oil recovery, ceramic glazes, food, paints, etc.) and also shows several interesting pharmacological properties. This review focuses its attention on the use of scleroglucan, and some derivatives, in the field of pharmaceutics and in particular for the formulation of modified-release dosage forms. The reported investigations refer mainly to the following topics: natural scleroglucan suitable for the preparation of sustained release tablets and ocular formulations; oxidized and crosslinked scleroglucan used as a matrix for dosage forms sensitive to environmental conditions; co-crosslinked scleroglucan/gellan whose delivery rate can be affected by calcium ions. Furthermore, a novel hydrogel obtained with this polysaccharide and borate ions is described, and the particular structure of this hydrogel network has been interpreted in terms of conformational analysis and molecular dynamics. Profound attention is devoted to the mechanisms involved in drug release from the tested dosage forms that depend, according to the specific preparation, on swelling and/or diffusion. Experimental data are also discussed on the basis of a mathematical approach that allows a better understanding of the behavior of the tested polymeric materials.
Dual diversity versus simple block coding for correlated frequency-selective fading channels (2002)

We investigate the effects of correlation on the performance of diversity systems in wide-band wireless radio environments. Specifically, the average bit error rate (BER) performance of M-ary differential phase shift keying (MDPSK) on correlated frequency-selective slow Rayleigh fading channel is analyzed. A two-branch diversity receiver with postdetection equal gain combining is considered. Nyquist pulse shaping is used and differential detection is employed at the receiver. The effects of cochannel interference on the system performance are assessed using a Gaussian interference model. To further enhance the system performance, the effects of combined diversity and forward error correction (FEC) coding on the average BER are investigated. Results using short cyclic block codes with perfect bit interleaving are obtained. The effects of the root mean square (RMS) delay spread, the amount of correlation, and the level of modulation, M, on the average BER are investigated in detail for both coded and uncoded systems. The results show that dual branch diversity combining with a correlation coefficient of 0.5 outperforms (in terms of BER) short block codes with perfect bit interleaving, and that combined diversity and coding strategies are effective in combatting the effects of frequency-selective fading.
MOLECULAR MECHANISMS FOR CELLULAR REGULATION OF LIPID METABOLISM (1978)

Acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase plays a critical role in the regulation of biosynthesis of long-chain fatty acids, the principal constituent of lipids. The hepatic content of acetyl-CoA carboxylase varies in accordance with the rate of fatty acid synthesis under different metabolic conditions, including dietary alteration, diabetes and obesity. Previous studies with combined immunochemical and isotopic techniques have shown that the variations in acetyl-CoA carboxylase content are due principally to corresponding changes in the rate of synthesis of the enzyme. In an attempt to gain further insight into the molecular mechanisms regulating acetyl-CoA carboxylase synthesis, we estimated the contents of specific polysomes involved in the synthesis of this enzyme in the livers of rats subjected to different metabolic conditions. For this purpose, we used two methods, i.e. binding of 5I-labeled specific antibody to polysomes, and cell-free translation of polysomes in the reticulocyte lysate system. The results of these studies demonstrated that the hepatic content of acetyl-CoA carboxylase synthesizing polysomes varies in accordance with the rate of hepatic synthesis in vivo of the enzyme under different metabolic conditions. This indicates that the different rates of acetyl-CoA carboxylase synthesis can be ascribed to changes in the amount of translatable messenger RNA coding for the enzyme.
Bivalirudin and Provisional Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Blockade Compared With Heparin and Planned Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Blockade During Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (2003)

Bivalirudin with provisional Gp IIb/IIIa blockade is statistically not inferior to heparin plus planned Gp IIb/IIIa blockade during contemporary PCI with regard to suppression of acute ischemic end points and is associated with less bleeding.
Single Trial EEG Patterns for the Prediction of Individual Differences in Fluid Intelligence (2017)

Assessing a person's intelligence level is required in many situations, such as career counseling and clinical applications. EEG evoked potentials in oddball task and fluid intelligence score are correlated because both reflect the cognitive processing and attention. A system for prediction of an individual's fluid intelligence level using single trial Electroencephalography (EEG) signals has been proposed. For this purpose, we employed 2D and 3D contents and 34 subjects each for 2D and 3D, which were divided into low-ability (LA) and high-ability (HA) groups using Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices (RAPM) test. Using visual oddball cognitive task, neural activity of each group was measured and analyzed over three midline electrodes (Fz, Cz, and Pz). To predict whether an individual belongs to LA or HA group, features were extracted using wavelet decomposition of EEG signals recorded in visual oddball task and support vector machine (SVM) was used as a classifier. Two different types of Haar wavelet transform based features have been extracted from the band (0.3 to 30 Hz) of EEG signals. Statistical wavelet features and wavelet coefficient features from the frequency bands 0.0-1.875 Hz (delta low) and 1.875-3.75 Hz (delta high), resulted in the 100 and 98% prediction accuracies, respectively, both for 2D and 3D contents. The analysis of these frequency bands showed clear difference between LA and HA groups. Further, discriminative values of the features have been validated using statistical significance tests and inter-class and intra-class variation analysis. Also, statistical test showed that there was no effect of 2D and 3D content on the assessment of fluid intelligence level. Comparisons with state-of-the-art techniques showed the superiority of the proposed system.
An effective BIST scheme for arithmetic logic units (2002)

Multifunction arithmetic logic units (ALUs) that realize complex arithmetic and logic operations (like the operations of the 74/spl times/181 family) are widely used in today's complex integrated circuits, such as commercial microprocessors and digital signal processors. These ALUs are built around either ripple-carry (RC) adders, carry-lookahead (CLA) adders or mixed CLA/RC adders depending on area and performance requirements. In this paper, first, we introduce novel C-testable multifunction ALUs built around RC adders and linear-testable multifunction ALUs built around CLA adders and mined CLA/RC adders with respect to CFM. Then, we introduce an effective ALU BIST scheme for all three types of ALUs (RC, CLA, mixed CLA/RC) that hits the target of a unified datapath BIST architecture, since it is compatible to an effective BIST scheme for datapaths. Complete CFM testability is achieved with a reasonable number of deterministic test patterns in all cases. The scheme imposes reasonable area overhead and negligible delay overhead and owing to its inherent high regularity can be easily adopted for automatic BIST synthesis of datapaths.
Interaction of vimentin and phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinases in FcϵRI and CC chemokine receptor 1 engaged mast cells (44.18) (2012)

Abstract Accumulating evidence points to cross-talk between FcϵRI and CC chemokine receptor (CCR)-mediated signaling pathways in mast cells. Here, we propose that vimentin, a protein composing type III intermediate filament, participates in such cross-talk for CCL2/ monocyte chemotactic protein 1 production in mast cells. Co-stimulation via FcϵRI, with IgE/antigen, and CCR1, with recombinant CCL3/macrophage inflammatory protein-1α increased expression of phosphorylated, disassembled and soluble vimentin in rat basophilic leukemia (RBL)-2H3 cells expressing human CCR1 (RBL-CCR1 cells), a model of mucosal type mast cells. Furthermore, the co-stimulation enhanced production of CCL2 and phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases. Treating the cells with p38 MAP kinase inhibitor SB203580, but not with MAP kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor PD98058, reduced CCL2 production, suggesting that p38 MAP kinase, but not extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), plays a critical role in the chemokine production. Immunoprecipitation analysis showed association of vimentin with phosphorylated ERK1/2 and p38 MAP kinases in the co-simulated cells. Preventing formation of the soluble vimentin by aggregating vimentin filaments using beta,beta'-iminodipropionitrile reduced the association of vimentin with phospholylated MAP kinases, and CCL2 production in the cells. Taken together, soluble vimentin could need optimal CCL2 production in mast cells.
Bactrop: A platform of genomic resources to study organization and evolution of tropical crop species [S04-3] (2003)

BAC libraries are essential tools for assisting genome organization and evolution. Given the rapid development of genomics projects on tropical crops, we have begun the creation of a platform of BAC library resources for a number of tropical species, called BACTROP. BAC libraries for 9 tropical plant species were constructed and characterised. Efforts are now focused on three main research axes: 1)comparative analysis between the genomes of three tropical monocots (banana, oil palm and coconut) and that of rice using highly conserved cDNA and genetically anchored RFLP probes; 2)characterise linkage disequilibrium patterns in the genome of perennial (coffee, rubber tree, cocoa) and annual crops (sorghum, sugarcane) with marked differences in their domestication and pollination strategies; 3)characterisation of genetically mapped resistance gene analogs co-segregating with QTLs for important agronomic traits in tropical perennial crop species (cocoa, rubber tree). To manage the approximately 4 million BAC clones of BACTROP a database called BACTROPDB is under development and will enable to keep track of screenings, replicas, and sequencing of BAC clones belonging to different BAC libraries. We acknowledge financial support to realise BACTROP from CIRAD-AMIS, Agropolis International, INIBAP, EMBRAPA, COCOP. (Texte intégral)
Presence of α-glucosidases in the male reproductive system of the rat and hormonal influences (1983)

The use of a synthetic substrate (p-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-glucoside) to measure alpha-glucosidase activity has allowed us to demonstrate the presence of acid and neutral alpha-glucosidases in the reproductive organs of the male rat. Both enzymes increased in the epididymis, particularly in the caput segment, along with initiation of spermatogenesis at puberty; it then started decreasing after 12 weeks of life. Similar variations were not recorded in testis, prostate, and seminal vesicles. Castration led to a significant decrease of acid and neutral alpha-glucosidases in all accessory reproductive organs, but administration of testosterone proprionate (50 micrograms/day for 10 days) restored the enzyme activity to its original level. When estradiol-17 beta (5 mg) was administered simultaneously with testosterone (500 micrograms), the antagonistic effect of estradiol on testosterone was particularly evident on the levels of neutral alpha-glucosidases which reached the castration range, while the acid alpha-glucosidase remained unchanged in epididymis, prostate, and seminal vesicles. These results show that both acid and neutral alpha-glucosidases may be influenced by gonadal hormones in the male rat.
Changes in Angular and Spatial Distribution Introduced into Fiber Optic Headlamp Systems by the Fiber Optic Cables (1998)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Design of fiber optic headlamp systems incorporates coupling between a source and the beam-forming optics. In many situations, the coupling includes a bent section of fiber to minimize the package size of the headlamp system. The bend can introduce changes in the light distribution which impact the headlamp performance. The bent fiber is investigated using state of the art illumination design software. The intensity (angular) distribution, the illuminance (spatial) distribution, and the total flux at the output of the bent fiber are the main performance parameters investigated. In addition, modeling results showing that the illuminance distribution varies as a function of view angle are included. A model that incorporates an attenuation coefficient into the fiber clad is shown to provide excellent agreement with measurements. In addition, a novel method for minimizing the changes in the fiber output with a tight bend is shown.</div>
Present status of GaAs (1979)

An extensive literature survey on GaAs was carried out for the period December 31, 1970, to December 31, 1977. The increasing interest in GaAs device structures increased steadily during that period. The leading research and development centers and the specific areas of interest were identified. A workshop on GaAs was held in November 1977 to assess the present status of melt-grown GaAs and the existing needs for reliable chemical, structural, and electronic characterization methods. It was concluded that the present available bulk GaAs crystals are of poor quality and that GaAs technology is lagging demonstrated or potentially feasible GaAs devices and systems.
Occurrence of photoinduced charge separation by the modulation of the electronic coupling between pyrene dimers and chemically converted graphenes (2016)

The photoexcitation of the pyrene dimer on graphene resulted in the final formation of a charge-separated state following an exciplex formation, while that of the pyrene monomer on graphene generated the corresponding exciplex solely due to the difference in the electronic coupling between the pyrene and the graphene.
Synthesis and Structure−Activity Relationships of 6,7-Benzomorphan Derivatives as Use-Dependent Sodium Channel Blockers for the Treatment of Stroke (2002)

We have synthesized a series of 6,7-benzomorphan derivatives and determined their ability to bind to voltage-dependent sodium channels. We have also compared the functional consequences of this blockade in vitro and in vivo. The ability of the compounds to displace [(3)H]batrachotoxin from voltage-dependent sodium channels was compared with their ability to inhibit [(3)H]glutamate release in rat brain slices and block convulsions in the maximal electroshock test in mice. We found that the hydroxyl function in the 4'-position is crucial for improving the sodium channel blocking properties. Moreover, the stereochemistry and the topology of the N-linked side chain also influence this interaction. Indeed, the affinity is improved by an aromatic substitution in the side chain. By modifying the N substituent and the substitution pattern of the hydroxyl function, we were able to discover (2R)-[2alpha,3(S),6alpha]-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydro-6,11,11-tri-methyl-3-[2-(phenylmethoxy)propyl]-2,6-methano-3-benzazocin-10-ol hydrochloride. This compound was chosen as the best candidate for further pharmacological investigations.
A Packaged 40Gb/s X-Cut LiNbO 3 Modulator With 3V-Drive-Voltage And suppressed Dc-Drift (2002)

We developed a packaged 40Gb/s X-cut LiNbO 3 modulator with a two-step back-slot structure and realized higher extinction-ratio with lower drive voltage at 40Gb/s. 10%-dc-drift over 20 years at 50 degree-C was experimentally confirmed.
Profiling MicroRNA Expression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Reveals MicroRNA-224 Up-regulation and Apoptosis Inhibitor-5 as a MicroRNA-224-specific Target (2008)

Like other cancers, aberrant gene regulation features significantly in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) were recently found to regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional/translational levels. The expression profiles of 157 miRNAs were examined in 19 HCC patients, and 19 up-regulated and 3 down-regulated miRNAs were found to be associated with HCC. Putative gene targets of these 22 miRNAs were predicted in silico and were significantly enriched in 34 biological pathways, most of which are frequently dysregulated during carcinogenesis. Further characterization of microRNA-224 (miR-224), the most significantly up-regulated miRNA in HCC patients, revealed that miR-224 increases apoptotic cell death as well as proliferation and targets apoptosis inhibitor-5 (API-5) to inhibit API-5 transcript expression. Significantly, miR-224 expression was found to be inversely correlated with API-5 expression in HCC patients (p < 0.05). Hence, our findings define a true in vivo target of miR-224 and reaffirm the important role of miRNAs in the dysregulation of cellular processes that may ultimately lead to tumorigenesis.