gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Contribution of Plasma Protease Inhibitors to the Inactivation of Kallikrein in Plasma (1982)

Although Cl-inhibitor (Cl-INH) and alpha(2)-macroglobulin (alpha(2)M) have been reported as the major inhibitors of plasma kallikrein in normal plasma, there is little quantitative support for this conclusion. Thus, we studied the inactivation of purified kallikrein in normal plasma, as well as in plasma congenitally deficient in Cl-INH, or artificially depleted of alpha(2)M by chemical modification of the inhibitor with methylamine. Under pseudo-first-order conditions, the inactivation rate constant of kallikrein in normal plasma was 0.60 min(-1). This rate constant was reduced to 0.35, 0.30, and 0.06 min(-1), in plasma deficient respectively in Cl-INH, alpha(2)M, or both inhibitors. Thus Cl-INH (42%) and alpha(2)M (50%) were found to be the major inhibitors of kallikrein in normal plasma. Moreover all the other protease inhibitors present in normal plasma contributed only for 8% to the inactivation of the enzyme. To confirm these kinetic results, (125)I-kallikrein (M(r) 85,000) was completely inactivated by various plasma samples, and the resulting mixtures were analyzed by gel filtration on Sepharose 6B CL for the appearance of (125)I-kallikrein-inhibitor complexes. After inactivation by normal plasma, 52% of the active enzyme were found to form a complex (M(r) 370,000) with Cl-INH, while 48% formed a complex (M(r) 850,000) with alpha(2)M. After inactivation by Cl-INH-deficient plasma, >90% of the active (125)I-kallikrein was associated with alpha(2)M. A similar proportion of the label was associated with Cl-INH in plasma deficient in alpha(2)M. After inactivation by plasma deficient in both Cl-INH and alpha(2)M, (125)I-kallikrein was found to form a complex of M(r) 185,000. This latter complex, which may involve antithrombin III, alpha(1)-protease inhibitor, and/or alpha(1)-plasmin inhibitor, was not detectable in appreciable concentrations in the presence of either Cl-INH or alpha(2)M, even after the addition of heparin (2 U/ml). These observations demonstrate that Cl-INH and alpha(2)M are the only significant inhibitors of kallikrein in normal plasma confirming previous predictions based on experiments in purified systems. Moreover, in the absence of either Cl-INH or alpha(2)M, the inactivation of kallikrein becomes almost entirely dependent on the other major inhibitor.
Innate Immune Sensing of<i>Fusarium culmorum</i>by Mouse Dendritic Cells (2015)

Chronic inhalation of grain dust is associated with asthma and chronic bronchitis in grain worker populations. Exposure to fungal particles was postulated to be an important etiologic agent of these pathologies. Fusarium species frequently colonize grain and straw and produce a wide array of mycotoxins that impact human health, necessitating an evaluation of risk exposure by inhalation of Fusarium and its consequences on immune responses. Data showed that Fusarium culmorum is a frequent constituent of aerosols sampled during wheat harvesting in the Vaud region of Switzerland. The aim of this study was to examine cytokine/chemokine responses and innate immune sensing of F. culmorum in bone-marrow-derived dendritic cells and macrophages. Overall, dendritic cells and macrophages responded to F. culmorum spores but not to its secreted components (i.e., mycotoxins) by releasing large amounts of macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α, MIP-1β, MIP-2, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, RANTES, and interleukin (IL)-12p40, intermediate amounts of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), IL-6, IL-12p70, IL-33, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), and interferon gamma-induced protein (IP-10), but no detectable amounts of IL-4 and IL-10, a pattern of mediators compatible with generation of Th1 or Th17 antifungal protective immune responses rather than with Th2-dependent allergic responses. The sensing of F. culmorum spores by dendritic cells required dectin-1, the main pattern recognition receptor involved in β-glucans detection, but likely not MyD88 and TRIF-dependent Toll-like receptors. Taken together, our results indicate that F. culmorum stimulates potently innate immune cells in a dectin-1-dependent manner, suggesting that inhalation of F. culmorum from grain dust may promote immune-related airway diseases in exposed worker populations.
RCS reduction technique for reflectarray antennas (2003)

The performance of a concentric ring reflectarray element backed either by a solid metal ground plane or a frequency-selective surface is compared. Simulated and measured results show that the ‘in-band’ reflection phase response of the two structures is similar; however, the periodic surface reduces the ‘out-of-band’ reflectivity of the antenna by more than 4 dB, thereby decreasing its RCS profile to these signals.
Prolonged Application of High Fluid Shear to Chondrocytes Recapitulates Gene Expression Profiles Associated with Osteoarthritis (2010)

Prolonged application of high fluid shear stress to chondrocytes recapitulates gene expression profiles associated with osteoarthritis. Our data suggest a potential link between exposure of chondrocytes/cartilage to abnormal mechanical loading and the pathogenesis/progression of OA.
Eine kritische Analyse bei 341 operierten Mitralstenosen* (1967)

341 operierte Mitralstenosen wurden nach verschiedenen Gesichtspunkten einer kritischen Analyse unterzogen. Die Häufigkeit eines Zusammentreffens einer Klappenverkalkung mit einem Insuffizienzanteil war eklatant. Operationsmortalität und Zahl der Spättodesfälle wiesen enge Beziehungen zum Schweregrad der Erkrankung und zum pathologisch-anatomischen Befund an der Mitralklappe auf. Die bei 267 Patienten erhobenen Nachuntersuchungsergebnisse lassen in eindrucksvoller Weise erkennen, wie in engster Korrelation die Anzahl der sehr guten und guten Operationsresultate eine deutliche Abnahme beim Vorliegen einer Begleitinsuffizienz oder einer Klappenverkalkung, und andererseits eine beträchtliche Zunahme beim Bestehen einer narbigen bzw. vorwiegenden Stenose erfährt.
Effects of a Multiple Linguistic and Prescriptive Approach to Spelling Instruction (2004)

Current research in spelling development emphasizes specific linguistic factors that provide the foundation for spelling abilities. These factors are addressed in the case of a fifth-grade student with spelling difficulties. The student participated in a short-term intervention program focused on increasing spelling skills by incorporating multiple linguistic factors that underlie spelling development. Specifically, prescriptive assessment results led to an intervention plan targeting orthographic knowledge and phonemic awareness skills. The student demonstrated clinically significant improvement in spelling performance. Word-level reading ability also improved without direct reading instruction. Results of the case study suggest a multiple linguistic approach to spelling instruction may improve spelling and other literacy skills.
Integrated Mixed-signal Optoelectronic System-on-a-Chip Sensor (2005)

A mixed-signal optoelectronic system-on-a-chip sensor was integrated with embedded photodetector arrays and interferometric optical waveguides on a silicon (Si) complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) circuit chip. Photodetector (PD) arrays were fabricated with parallel mixed-signal delta-sigma (/spl Delta//spl Sigma/) analog-to-digital converters (ADC) using a standard 1.5 /spl mu/m n-well Si CMOS process. The electrical and optical sensitivities of the circuit were measured and the data suggests that the circuit can detect 100 pW optical power. On the fabricated 4.6/spl times/4.7 mm/sup 2/ chip, interferometric optical waveguides were integrated, and the complete system was a miniaturization of a Mach Zehnder interferometer-based sensor system. The integrated sensor micro system was tested with water vapor and the multimode interference pattern changes at the output of the interferometer were observed with the on-chip photodetector and ADC array.
Flowering Responses in Pharbitis Nil as Influenced by the Removal of Photoperiodically Induced Leaves (1956)

1) The effect of the removal of a photoinduced leaf upon flowering response in Pharbitis Nil was studied in plants which had only one leaf and the bud in its axil left. Upon the removal of the donor leaf after a 14-16 hour dark period a minimal flowering response occurred in the developing axillary bud. This indicates that in this duration the stimulus was transmitted from the leaf in a sufficient amount to effect flowering. With increasing dark period before defoliation the response increases.2) The effect of a dark period of sufficient duration is not destroyed by a following light period. Delayed defoliation results in increased response, even if the photoinduced leaf is illuminated.
Controlling the Reversible Assembly of Liposomes through a Multistimuli Responsive Anchored DNA (2016)

We present a novel approach to reversibly control the assembly of liposomes through an anchored multistimuli responsive DNA oligonucleotide decorated with an azobenzene moiety (AZO-ON1). We show that liposomes assembly can be simultaneously controlled by three external stimuli: light, Mg(2+), and temperature. (i) Light alters the interaction of AZO-ON1 with liposomes, which influences DNA coating and consequently liposomes assembly. (ii) Mg(2+) induces the assembly, hence variation in its concentration enables for reversibility. (iii) Double-stranded AZO-ON1 is more efficient than single-stranded AZO-ON1 in triggering the assembly of liposomes and temperature has been used for controllable assembly through DNA thermal denaturation. Our multiresponsive AZO-ON1 represents a unique example in which multiple stimuli can be simultaneously applied to regulate the reversible assembly of liposomes.
On the relationship between chromatic dispersion and transmitter filter response in duobinary optical communication systems (1997)

It is shown through numerical simulation that limiting the spectral occupancy of a duobinary optical signal, which can be achieved by an appropriate choice of electrical transmitter filter response, is necessary in order to receive a benefit from duobinary transmission in single-mode optical communication systems. It is explained why such band limiting gives an improvement in dispersion immunity, and why ideal duobinary signaling is ineffective. The results are in good agreement with published experimental work.
ChemInform Abstract: THE DIPHENYLMETHYLBIS(PI‐CHROMIUM TRICARBONYL) CARBONIUM ION, ISOLATION OF A STABLE HEXAFLUOROPHOSPHATE SALT (1975)

Abstract Aus Diphenylquecksilber (I) wird über den Chromkomplex (III) und das Keton (V) durch Reduktion mit Natriumborhydrid das Carbinol (VI) hergestellt, das in Propionsäureanhydrid mit Hexafluorophosphorsäure das stabile Carboniumionsalz (VII) bildet.
Effect of Phenobarbital on Cerebral Blood Flow in the Newborn Piglet under Stress (1986)

Heart rate, cardiac output, mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), and cerebral blood flow (CBF) were measured in 12 newborn piglets (6 controls and 6 pretreated with 20 mg/kg phenobarbital), under two different stresses: pain stimulation and intravenous injection of 2.5 mg/kg phenylephrine. Phenobarbital prevented pain-induced tachycardia (p less than 0.05 versus controls) but failed to prevent hemodynamic changes induced by phenylephrine. CBF remained relatively constant throughout the study. A better correlation between cerebral vascular resistance and MABP was noted in the phenobarbital group (r = 0.58, p less than 0.01) than in the controls (r = 0.15, p = NS), suggesting that phenobarbital potentiates the vasoconstrictor effect of catecholamines.
TEMPORAL OCCURRENCE OF THIRD-STAGE LARVAE OF ELAEOPHORA SCHNEIDERI IN TABANUS LINEOLA HINELLUS ON SOUTH ISLAND, SOUTH CAROLINA (1986)

The occurrence of third-stage larvae of the arterial worm (Elaeophora schneideri) in populations of the horse fly, Tabanus lineola hinellus, was studied on South Island, Georgetown County, South Carolina. Over the period from mid-April to mid-October 1982, horse flies had a bimodal pattern of abundance with peak populations in June and September. During individual bimonthly horse fly collections, the prevalence of infection of T. l. hinellus ranged from 0 to 1.23%. Prevalence of infected horse flies was biphasic with peaks in mid-May (1.23%) and mid-August (1.22%), 2 to 4 wk prior to peaks in horse fly populations. The intensity of infection of T. l. hinellus increased as time progressed and was highest in late summer. This increase resulted in greater recovery of infective larvae during August-September (mean intensity = 25) than in May-June (mean intensity = 4). Both prevalence and intensity of infection of T. l. hinellus were low compared to primary intermediate hosts of E. schneideri in the western U.S.
Conditional mutation of <i>Smc5</i> in mouse embryonic stem cells perturbs condensin localization and mitotic progression (2016)

Correct duplication of stem cell genetic material and its appropriate segregation into daughter cells are requisites for tissue, organ and organism homeostasis. Disruption of stem cell genomic integrity can lead to developmental abnormalities and cancer. Roles of the Smc5/6 structural maintenance of chromosomes complex in pluripotent stem cell genome maintenance have not been investigated, despite its important roles in DNA synthesis, DNA repair and chromosome segregation as evaluated in other model systems. Using mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) with a conditional knockout allele of Smc5, we showed that Smc5 protein depletion resulted in destabilization of the Smc5/6 complex, accumulation of cells in G2 phase of the cell cycle and apoptosis. Detailed assessment of mitotic mESCs revealed abnormal condensin distribution and perturbed chromosome segregation, accompanied by irregular spindle morphology, lagging chromosomes and DNA bridges. Mutation of Smc5 resulted in retention of Aurora B kinase and enrichment of condensin on chromosome arms. Furthermore, we observed reduced levels of Polo-like kinase 1 at kinetochores during mitosis. Our study reveals crucial requirements of the Smc5/6 complex during cell cycle progression and for stem cell genome maintenance.
Electrically thin VHF array elements for satellite applications using Artificial Magnetic Material (2015)

The application of large antenna arrays for space missions in VHF band is hindered by the dimension and weight of the single radiating element from a conventional design approach. Satellites used for this kind of applications are typically micro/mini platforms and cannot accommodate large antennas. To this purpose, element volume minimization and mass reduction are considered performance drivers, even considering the array deployment and satellite mass requirements. The important size reduction properties of Artificial Magnetic Materials (AMM) / Meta Materials (MM) made this approach a natural choice for the development of miniaturized antennas. A multipurpose, dual polarized array element with highly reduced dimensions and weight was developed to overcome these obstacles. This paper describe the design, manufacturing and testing of a dual polarized array element considering application in a low orbit Automatic Identification System (AIS) mission.
Nonlinear Dielectric Metalenses: Imaging and Higher-Order Correlations (2019)

We demonstrate the first highly efficient all-dielectric nonlinear metalens that realizes third-harmonic imaging accompanied by spatial third-order correlations carrying information about coherence effects. We describe this metalens analytically with a generalized nonlinear lens equation. © 2019 The Author(s)
Simulation and experimental study of ArF 193 nm laser lift-off AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (2011)

A finite element simulation was used to estimate the temperature distributions within AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) during the laser lift-off process. The time-dependent simulation showed that a thin layer of GaN at the GaN/sapphire interface was heated up to around 1600 K in less than 25 ns by a pulsed laser exposure with a duration of 25 ns and a fluence of 800 mJ/cm2 to decompose this GaN layer into Ga and nitrogen. Experimentally, there was a threshold fluence around 550 mJ/cm2, corresponding to 1300 K at the GaN/sapphire interface, for partially lifting off the HEMT structure from the sapphire. The simulated temperature at the GaN/sapphire interface with a fluence of 420 mJ/cm2 never reached above 1000 K, however, the HEMT structure was lifted-off by multiple laser exposures at this fluence. Therefore, instead of thermally induced decomposition, the lift-off mechanism could also be through the Ga–N bond breaking during the multiple lower-fluence high-energy 193 nm laser exposures.
Online Intelligent Demand Management of Plug-In Electric Vehicles in Future Smart Parking Lots (2015)

This paper proposes an online intelligent demand coordination of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) in distribution systems. The proposed method is based on the assignment of scores to PEVs through a fuzzy expert system. As well, without violation of grid operational constraints, the PEVs are optimally charged in order to maximize the owners' satisfaction in terms of the energy delivered. The optimization problem of online PEV charging is defined as mixed-integer nonlinear programming. Simulation on a typical distribution network proves the effectiveness of the proposed methodology. Results of the analysis indicate that for more critical PEVs, which have shorter parking duration and higher required charging time, the proposed solution outperforms in more robust energy delivery to the PEV and, accordingly, more satisfaction for the owner.
Coexistence of Gapless Excitations and Commensurate Charge-Density Wave in the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mi>H</mml:mi></mml:math>Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (2006)

An unexpected feature common to 2H transition metal dichalcogenides ( 2H TMDs) is revealed with a first-principles Wannier function analysis of the electronic structure of the prototype 2H TaSe2: The low-energy Ta "5d(z2)" bands governing the physics of a charge-density wave (CDW) is dominated by hopping between next-nearest neighbors. With this motivation we develop a minimal effective model for the CDW formation, in which the unusual form of the hopping leads to an approximate decoupling of the three sublattices. In the CDW phase one sublattice remains undistorted, leaving the bands associated with it ungapped everywhere in the Fermi surface, resolving the long-standing puzzle of the coexistence of gapless excitations and commensurate CDW in the 2H TMDs.
Transient Radiation Induced Attenuation And Luminescence In Optical Fibers (1989)

This paper addresses two effects of transient irradiation on optical fibers. The recovery of the induced attenuation was measured from 100 ns to 1 ms in several fibers, including two pure silica fibers and three fibers with doped silica cores. Measurements were performed at various optical power levels up to 28 mW at -55 and 23 C to investigate the temperature dependence and possible photobleaching effects at short times. We also report studies of the luminescence induced by the transient irradiation for the same group of fibers.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Chemistry of Zeolites: Solid‐State Electronegativity and Sensitivity Analysis (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Light transmission measurements on suspensions (1967)

Measurements of the efficiency factor K under rigorously controlled experimental conditions are reported for nine monodisperse suspensions of latex spheres in water for the wavelength range in air from 0·38 to 0·63 μm. These show good agreement in the range x = 0-30 with Irvine's computations from Mie's theory for m = 1·2, but the effect of optical dispersion on the (K, x) curve is significant. Secondary oscillation (ripple) has been detected in the K value for x values in the range 25-28.
Deterministic service on IEEE 802.11-like networks (2008)

Wireless IEEE 802.11 networks are typically deployed as a convenient and flexible way to access wired backbones. However, due to the inherently shared nature and physical properties of their communication medium, performance limits are easily reached. Some standard medium access control (MAC) solutions trade simplicity for performance yielding an overall throughput possibly much lower than the actual transmission rate. Moreover, given that many applications with real-time requirements, such as VoIP phones, IPTV, videoconferencing, distributed gaming, are getting increasingly deployed and important to users, it is mandatory for the wireless access to support them. However, the delay and jitter introduced by current IEEE 802.11 standard MAC solutions in some critical, although not uncommon, scenarios can be unacceptable for real-time applications. This work proposes a novel MAC solution for wireless networks that can offer deterministic quality of service for priority traffic while fully supporting statistical multiplexing and possibly increasing the aggregated network throughput. Being based on IEEE 802.11 physical layers and integrating some of the IEEE 802.11 MAC mechanisms, the implementation can leverage on existing components to take advantage of their economy of scale. The throughput and delay achieved with the proposed solution are compared with the ones of standard IEEE 802.11 protocols in various simulation scenarios.
Interaction of Triplet Photosensitizers with Nucleotides and DNA in Aqueous Solution at Room Temperature (1996)

The study of triplet excited state behavior of nucleic acids and component mononucleotides is hampered by the very small yields produced by direct photolysis. We have used high energy triplet sensitizers to generate these species in high yield, thus facilitating the study of their photophysical and photochemical behavior. Acetone-sensitized triplet formation of all triplet state nucleotides allowed nucleotide triplet−triplet absorption spectra to be measured. Triplet−triplet absorption coefficients were determined using comparative actinometry. Self-quenching of the nucleotide triplet states was found to occur efficiently with rate constants, ksq > 107 M-1 s-1. The interaction of a variety of ketone triplet sensitizers with mononucleotides has been studied as a function of the relative energies of the sensitizer−nucleotide pair. In all cases, the triplet states of the sensitizers were efficiently quenched by the nucleotides, although different reaction mechanisms were observed depending on the reaction pair under study. Acetone, the sensitizer with the highest triplet energy, sensitized all triplet state nucleotides. Sensitizers with triplet energies, ET > 74 kcal mol-1, sensitized TMP and those with ET < 74 kcal mol-1 did not exhibit any triplet sensitization, although an efficient quenching reaction (kq > 108 M-1 s-1) was observed. Where energy transfer did not take place, sensitizers were quenched by electron transfer from the purines. The quantum yield for this process was determined as 0.31 for GMP and 0.09 for AMP. In DNA, triplet energy transfer from the same sensitizers was probed by determining the relative efficiency of pyrimidine dimer formation in pBR322, an exclusively triplet-mediated reaction under sensitized conditions. Our results allow some conclusions to be drawn on triplet properties and intramolecular energy transfer in DNA. Base triplet energy levels appear to be lower in DNA than in the isolated mononucleotides. In any system where ketone triplet states are generated, electron transfer from a purine should be considered as a significant reaction pathway.