gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Enzymes in Organic Synthesis. Part 14. Kinetic Resolution of Aliphatic 1,2‐Diols by a Lipase‐Catalyzed Sequential Acetylation. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Myocardial Contractility of the Intact Heart (1967)

Review Articles| October 21 2008 Myocardial Contractility of the Intact Heart Subject Area: Cardiovascular System P.S. Puri; P.S. Puri From the Department of Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Mich Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar R.J. Bing R.J. Bing From the Department of Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Mich Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Cardiologia (1967) 51 (5): 257–261. https://doi.org/10.1159/000165822 Article history Published Online: October 21 2008 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation P.S. Puri, R.J. Bing; Myocardial Contractility of the Intact Heart. Cardiologia 1 May 1967; 51 (5): 257–261. https://doi.org/10.1159/000165822 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsCardiologia Search Advanced Search Keywords: Myocardial contractility, Myocardial mechanics, Force-velocity relationship, Active state, Length-tension curve This content is only available via PDF. 1967Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Top-Gathering Periodic Array Derived from Self-Organization of Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Pillars (2006)

The mechanism of “top-gathering” pillars and the controllability of top-gathering pattern formation were investigated. Two-dimensional pillar arrays with micrometer repetitions have been fabricated from a hybrid organic-inorganic material by photolithography. The type of array structure formed depending on the distance between neighboring pillars. From in situ observation during drying, it was found that capillary force is affected by the distance between the pillars. Such pillars of 16 μm height were gathering, and top-gathering units could be obtained when the distance between neighboring pillars is less than 8 μm. Gathering units composed of four pillars can be formed periodically by controlling the arrangement of the pillars.
Evaluation of Spring Cereal Grains and Wild Germplasm for Resistance to AG-8 (2003)

Rhizoctonia root rot, caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kühn AG-8 (Anastomosis Group 8), is a yield-limiting disease of direct-seeded cereals in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) region of the USA, and to date, no resistant Triticum germplasm has been identified. The objective of this research was to identify potential sources of genetic resistance among selected members of the primary, secondary, and tertiary gene pools of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) for use in cultivar improvement. Members of the primary gene pool {spring wheat germplasm, synthetic hexaploids, triticale (× Triticosecale spp.), Triticum turgidum var. durum (Desf.) Bowden [= T turgidum subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn.]}, secondary gene pool [Aegilops cylindrica Host, Dasypyrum villosum (L.) P. Candargy], and tertiary gene pool (Hordeum vulgare L.) of wheat were screened for disease response to two isolates (C1 and D2) of R solani AG-8 in controlled environment assays. Variation for magnitude of susceptibility to both isolates was detected, but no sources of resistance were identified among primary or tertiary gene pool members. Isolate D2 generally produced more severe disease than isolate C1, with the exception of the most susceptible accessions for which both isolates caused equally severe disease. All accessions of D villosum exhibited some level of seedling resistance to isolate C1, and 73% also displayed a resistance response to isolate D2. All D villosum/durum amphiploids, as well as Chinese Spring/D villosum addition lines, were susceptible to both isolates. Differences in disease response between the two isolates suggest that varying levels of virulence, or aggressiveness, exist among R solani AG-8 isolates.
Oxidative and electrophilic stress induces multidrug resistance–associated protein transporters via the nuclear factor-E2–related factor-2 transcriptional pathway (2007)

The activation of the Nrf2 regulatory pathway stimulates the coordinated induction of hepatic Mrps.
Comprehensive non-functional analysis of combinational circuits vulnerability to single event transients (2016)

The progressive shrinking of device sizes in advanced technologies leads to miniaturization and performance improvements. However, ultra-deep sub-micron technologies are more vulnerable to different types of uncertainties, parametric variations, and interference. In this paper, we propose a methodology to model and analyze the behavior of a system in the presence of Single Event Transients (SETs). The problem of SET propagation was modeled as a satisfiability problem using different satisfiability modulo theories. The SET width and timing constraints are formulated as a difference logic constraint satisfaction formulation. This formulation utilizes concepts from static timing analysis to efficiently evaluate the required time and width for the SET to be latched. Next, the proposed model is analyzed using efficient SMT solvers for a set of nonfunctional assertions to investigate SETs propagation. Based on the results of this analysis, new fault observability estimates are computed. These values are then used to compute the soft error rate. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed SMT approach provides better runtime then contemporary techniques.
Anderson Localization and the Quantum Phase Diagram of Three Dimensional Disordered Dirac Semimetals (2015)

We study the quantum phase diagram of a three dimensional noninteracting Dirac semimetal in the presence of either quenched axial or scalar potential disorder, by calculating the average and the typical density of states as well as the inverse participation ratio using numerically exact methods. We show that as a function of the disorder strength a half-filled (i.e., undoped) Dirac semimetal displays three distinct ground states, namely an incompressible semimetal, a compressible diffusive metal, and a localized Anderson insulator, in stark contrast to a conventional dirty metal that only supports the latter two phases. We establish the existence of two distinct quantum critical points, which respectively govern the semimetal-metal and the metal-insulator quantum phase transitions and also reveal their underlying multifractal nature. Away from half-filling the (doped) system behaves as a diffusive metal that can undergo Anderson localization only, which is shown by determining the mobility edge and the phase diagram in terms of energy and disorder.
Incorporation of a Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitor into Scaffolds: A Strategy for Stimulating Vascularization (2014)

Clinical applications of tissue engineering are constrained by the ability of the implanted construct to invoke vascularization in adequate extent and velocity. To overcome the current limitations presented by local delivery of single angiogenic factors, we explored the incorporation of prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors (PHIs) into scaffolds as an alternative vascularization strategy. PHIs are small molecule drugs that can stabilize the alpha subunit of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), a key transcription factor that regulates a variety of angiogenic mechanisms. In this study, we conjugated the PHI pyridine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid (PDCA) through amide bonds to a gelatin sponge (Gelfoam(®)). Fibroblasts cultured on PDCA-Gelfoam were able to infiltrate and proliferate in these scaffolds while secreting significantly more vascular endothelial growth factor than cells grown on Gelfoam without PDCA. Reporter cells expressing green fluorescent protein-tagged HIF-1α exhibited dose-dependent stabilization of this angiogenic transcription factor when growing within PDCA-Gelfoam constructs. Subsequently, we implanted PDCA-Gelfoam scaffolds into the perirenal fat tissue of Sprague Dawley rats for 8 days. Immunostaining of explants revealed that the PDCA-Gelfoam scaffolds were amply infiltrated by cells and promoted vascular ingrowth in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, the incorporation of PHIs into scaffolds appears to be a feasible strategy for improving vascularization in regenerative medicine applications.
Studies on the efficient embryo transfer methods using inbred embryos in generation of transgenic mice = Inbred 마우스 수정란을 이용한 형질전환마우스 생산에 있어서의 효과적인 수정란 이식 방법에 관한 연구 (2003)

본 연구의 목적은 inbred 마우스 (C57BL/6J)의 수정란을 이용하여 형질전환마우스를 생산할 때, 수정란이식의 효율성을 증진시키기 위한 것이다. C57BL/6J 및 BCF1 마우스로부터 과배란처리 방법에 의해 수정란을 얻고, DNA를 1 세포기 수정란에 미세 주입한 다음, 1세포기 또는 2 세포기의 수정란을 가임신된 마우스의 한쪽 또는 양쪽 난관에 각각 이식하였다. 1세포기의 수정란을 0.75 d.p.c. 가임신된 마우스의 한쪽 난관에 이식했을 때, 임신율이 C57BL/6J는 68.8±7.83%, BCF1은 48.3±14.22% 이었고, 이식한 수정란 당 산자의 발달율은 C57BL/6J가 11.9±5.51%, BCF1은 10.5±8.03%로 성적이 저조하였다. 그러나, 2세포기의 수정란을 0.5 d.p.c. 가임신된 마우스의 양쪽 난관에 이식했을 때, 임신율이 C57BL/6J는 94.4±9.64%, 13CFl은 100±0% 이었고, 이식한 수정란 당 산자의 발달율은 C57BL/6J가 22.1 ±0.4%, BCF1은 21.8±0.38%였다. 따라서 C57BL/6J 마우스의 2세포기 수정란을 0.5 d.p.c. 가임신된 마우스의 양쪽 난관에 이식하는 것이, BCF1마우스와 유사한 성적을 얻어 경쟁력이 있는 것으로 판단되었다. 이러한 결과에 영향을 미치는 인자가 여러 가지 있을 것으로 판단되지만, C57BL/6J 마우스의 2세포기 수정란을 0.5 d.p.c.가임신된 마우스의 양쪽 난관에 이식하는 방법이 다른 방법보다 형질전환마우스를 생산하는데 효율성이 더 높은 것으로 본 실험에서 확인되었다.
Numerical Model Study of the Field of View and Temporal Response of the Infrared Sense Organ in <i>Crotaline</i> Pit Vipers (2001)

Abstract The IR sensitive membrane of the Crotaline pit organ was modeled numerically to help interpret electrophysiologic measurements of the pit organ response to a calibrated infrared source simulating a biological target. The model results are compared to electrophysiologic measurements for an on-axis exposure (target normal to the pit organ axis, oriented for maximum response). Additional model studies were conducted to: 1) estimate the field of view of the pit organ and 2) estimate the expected temperature rise in the membrane from the target at varying distances. The pit organ model was based on detailed measurements of its geometry. The membrane illumination irradiance difference from background thermal radiation (in W/mm2) was calculated from a quasi-analytical solution for the radiation coupling factor, Fjj. The illumination function was used to estimate temperature rise neglecting infrared heat transfer between the membrane and surrounding pit organ tissues. That is, the membrane was assumed in thermal steady state with the snake body and the environment outside of the target. The mammalian target is thus assumed to represent a small perturbation to the thermal steady state condition. This matches the electrophysiologic data, and is reasonable since the snake is cold blooded and snake body temperature is very close to its surroundings. The membrane includes blood flow effects, but it turns out that the membrane blood flow is strictly capillary in nature and changes the effective lateral thermal conductivity rather than providing significant heat transfer. The membrane is “optically thin”, being only about 5 wavelengths in thickness, and the specific optical properties of the interior layers were estimated from relative water content.
The thermoreflectance approach in Dynamic Thermometry and Thermophysical Property Measurement for Thermal Design of Electronics (2012)

This presentation is a part of the Special Session on Dynamic Thermometry and Thermophysical Property Measurement for Thermal Design of Electronics, and aims at providing a perspective on the physics of thermoreflectance (TR) and its application to measuring the thermal properties of thin-film electronic materials and the surface temperature fields of active devices. The existence of a dependence between the temperature of a surface and the reflectivity of that surface has long been known. But, since that dependence is generally weak, on the order of 10−3 or 10−4 per Kelvin, it was not immediately obvious how to leverage thermoreflectance physics as a thermal metrological tool. More recently, however, several research teams around the world have found success in the use of TR as a means of measuring thermal properties and temperature, and there have been early successful efforts in productizing thermal measurement instruments based on the TR approach.
Amplicon identification using SparsE representation of multiplex PYROsequencing signal (AdvISER-M-PYRO): application to bacterial resistance genotyping (2014)

In this proof-of-concept study, quintuplex pyrosequencing was applied on eight bacterial DNA and targeted genetic alterations underlying resistance to β-lactam antibiotics. Using SENATOR-driven dispensation order, all genetic variants (31 of 31; 100%) were correctly identified with AdvISER-M-PYRO. Among nine expected negative results, there was only one false positive that was tagged with an 'unsafe' label.
Strategies for Oligoribonucleotide Synthesis According to the Phosphoramidite Method (2000)

Advances in oligoribonucleotide synthesis have lagged behind those in oligodeoxyribonucleotide synthesis because of the difficulty in identifying orthogonal protecting groups for the 2'- and 5'-hydroxyls. Adaptation of the phosphoramidite method for DNA synthesis to RNA synthesis has greatly improved our understanding of RNA. It allows site-specific introduction of modified nucleosides to any position in an RNA molecule, as well as introduction of variations at multiple sites in the molecule. This overview discusses issues that are relevant to RNA synthesis by the phosphoramidite approach, including supports used, activation of the ribonucleoside phosphoramidites, and protection of the nucleobase, phosphate, and 2'- and 5'-hydroxyls.
“<i>Microthrix parvicella</i>”, a filamentous bacterium causing bulking and foaming in activated sludge systems: a review of current knowledge (2004)

This review summarizes the microbiology and physiology of "Microthrix parvicella" and the methods of its growth control in activated sludge wastewater treatment plants. This filamentous bacterium is of high interest because of its worldwide involvement in severe bulking and foaming at wastewater treatment plants. We present a critical analysis of physiological and kinetic data on "M. parvicella" and discuss its growth and storage abilities in various environments with the aim of understanding the strategies of this organism to successfully compete with other bacteria in activated sludge. Additionally, this review elaborates on research needs for defining reliable control strategies of bulking and foaming based on key features of "M. parvicella".
New flash-photolysis system for the investigation of fast reactions (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew flash-photolysis system for the investigation of fast reactionsErnst G. Niemann and Max KlenertCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1968, 72, 11, 3766–3768Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100857a011https://doi.org/10.1021/j100857a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views39Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Assessment of Residual Mass Estimation Methods for Cylinder Pressure Heat Release Analysis of HCCI Engines With Negative Valve Overlap (2012)

Increased residual levels in homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engines employing valve strategies such as recompression or negative valve overlap (NVO) imply that accurate estimation of residual gas fraction (RGF) is critical for cylinder pressure heat release analysis. The objective of the present work was to evaluate three residual estimation methods and assess their suitability under naturally aspirated and boosted HCCI operating conditions: (i) the simple state equation method employs the ideal gas law at exhaust valve closing (EVC); (ii) the Mirsky method assumes isentropic exhaust process; and (iii) the Fitzgerald method models in-cylinder temperature from exhaust valve opening (EVO) to EVC by accounting for heat loss during the exhaust process and uses measured exhaust temperature for calibration. Simulations with a calibrated and validated “virtual engine” were performed for representative HCCI operating conditions of engine speed, fuel-air equivalence ratio, NVO and intake pressure (boosting). The state equation method always overestimated RGF by more than 10%. The Mirsky method was most robust, with average errors between 3–5%. The Fitzgerald method performed consistently better, ranging from no error to 5%, where increased boosting caused the largest discrepancies. A sensitivity study was also performed and determined that the Mirsky method was most robust to possible pressure and temperature measurement errors.
Induction of the SUMO-specific Protease 1 Transcription by the Androgen Receptor in Prostate Cancer Cells (2007)

Prostate cancer, the most frequently diagnosed carcinoma in males, is readily modulated via the transcriptional activity of androgen receptors. Our recent publication reported that androgen receptor-dependent transcription is significantly elevated with expression of the human sentrin/SUMO-specific protease (SENP1) in the androgen-sensitive human prostate cancer cell line (LNCaP). In situ hybridization studies indicated an elevation of SENP1 message in prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and prostate cancer lesions as compared with normal prostate epithelia. This study aimed to delineate the mechanism for the regulation of SENP1 message and to determine the pathophysiological consequence of SENP1 induction with respect to prostate cancer. Real-time PCR confirmed the elevation of SENP1 mRNA in prostate cancer cells as compared with normal prostate epithelial cells. Chronic androgen exposure of LNCaP cells prompted an enhancement in the SENP1 transcript selectively. This androgen-mediated augmentation of SENP1 was absent with co-administration of the androgen receptor antagonist bicalutamide and in androgen receptor-negative prostate cancer PC-3 cells, indicating an androgen receptor-dependent event. Activation of the androgen receptor was required for binding an identified androgen response element and positively regulating SENP1 promoter activity. Abrogation of elevated SENP1 mRNA in prostate cancer cells significantly decreased androgen-mediated cell growth. Because increased SENP1 expression directly modulated androgen receptor-dependent cell proliferation and transcription, SENP1 could play an important role in prostate carcinogenesis.
50 nm MOSFET with electrically induced source/drain (S/D) extensions (2001)

A new bulk 50 nm metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) with n/sup +/ poly-Si sidegates has been proposed and fabricated by using a mix-and-match technique. A main gate having a work function different from that of n/sup +/ poly-Si side-gates is adopted. In this work, p/sup +/ poly-Si is used for the main gate. Due to n/sup +/ floating sidegates (FSG) at both sides of the main gate, an inversion layer is induced under the FSG, which acts as an extended source/drain (S/D). Using 50 nm E-beam lithography and electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) N/sub 2/O radical oxidation for intergate oxide, the 50 nm NMOSFET was successfully fabricated. From the I-V characteristics, we obtained I/sub on/=690 /spl mu/A//spl mu/m at V/sub GS/-V/sub TH/=V/sub DS/=1.5 V for intrinsic 50 nm NMOSFET with 3 nm gate oxide. We investigated the effects of the FSGs on device characteristics and verified their reasonable operation. The coupling ratio of the main gate to the FSGs of the device was obtained to be about 0.75. We found the device has excellent short channel threshold voltage (V/sub TH/) roll-off characteristics due to an ultrashallow induced extended S/D. A scaling study shows that the proposed structure can be used even for 20 nm bulk MOSFETs.
Figures of Merit for Indirect Time-of-Flight 3D Cameras: Definition and Experimental Evaluation (2011)

Indirect Time-of-Flight (I-TOF) cameras can be implemented in a number of ways, each with specific characteristics and performances. In this paper a comprehensive analysis of the implementation possibilities is developed in order to model the main performances with a high level of abstraction. After the extraction of the main characteristics for the high-level model, several figures of merit (FoM) are defined with the purpose of obtaining a common metric: noise equivalent distance, correlated and uncorrelated power responsivity, and background light rejection ratio. The obtained FoMs can be employed for the comparison of different implementations of range cameras based on the I-TOF method: specifically, they are applied for several different sensors developed by the authors in order to compare their performances.