gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Associations between restriction site polymorphism and enzyme activity variation for esterase 6 in Drosophila melanogaster. (1990)

Thirty-five nucleotide polymorphisms were found in a 21.5-kbp region including the Est6 locus among 42 isoallelic lines extracted from a single natural population of Drosophila melanogaster. The heterozygosity per nucleotide pair was estimated to be 0.010 overall, but was lower in sequences hybridizing to transcripts than in those not hybridizing to transcripts. Eleven of 36 pairwise comparisons among the nine most common polymorphisms showed significant gametic disequilibrium. Four of these polymorphisms were also significantly associated with the major EST6-F/EST6-S allozyme polymorphism. Significant disequilibrium was generally restricted to polymorphisms less than 1-2 kbp apart. Previously reported measures of EST6 activity in virgin adult females proved not to be significantly associated with any of the six most common nucleotide polymorphisms located in the Est6 coding region or the 1.5 kbp immediately 5'. However, the 11 haplotypes for five of these polymorphisms that lie in the 1.5-kbp 5' region could explain about half of the previously reported variation among the lines for both EST6 activity and the amount of EST6 protein in virgin adult males. One particular polymorphism, for a RsaI site 530 bp 5' of the initiation codon, could explain 21% of the male activity variation among lines. This site is embedded in a large palindrome and we suggest that sequences including or close to this site may be involved in the regulation of EST6 synthesis in the ejaculatory duct of the adult male.
Inside Back Cover: Nitrogen‐Doped Nanoporous Graphenic Carbon: An Efficient Conducting Support for O<sub>2</sub> Cathode (ChemNanoMat 7/2016) (2016)

The metallothermic reduction of gaseous CO2 is energetic enough to break down N2 molecules, and thus results in N-doping in the formation of nanoporous graphenic carbon. The N-doped nanoporous carbon comprises both a highly porous graphenic and non-graphitic matrix and a “doped” phase of homogeneously dispersed ordered graphitic nanodomains, which constitutes a very unique composite carbon structure. The resulting porous carbon with a high surface area and a high conductivity exhibits more favorable reactivity as a carbon conducting support in the O2 cathode of Li-O2 batteries. More information can be found in the Communication by J. Lu, X. Ji et al. on page 692 in Issue 7, 2016 (DOI: 10.1002/cnma.201600112).
Estimation récursive en régression inverse par tranche (sliced inverse regression) (2010)

Dans cette communication, nous nous intéressons à la méthode SIR (Sliced Inverse Regression, que l'on peut traduire par régression inverse par tranches) qui permet d'estimer le paramètre $\\theta$ dans un modèle semi-paramétrique de régression du type $y=f(x'\\theta,\\varepsilon)$ sans avoir à estimer le paramètre fonctionnel $f$ ni à spécifier la loi de l'erreur $\\varepsilon$. Nous proposons un estimateur récursif de la direction de $\\theta$ dans le cas particulier où l'on considère $H=2$ tranches. Nous donnons des propriétés asymptotiques de cet estimateur (convergence et normalité asymptotique). Nous illustrons aussi sur des simulations le bon comportement numérique de la méthode proposée.
Detecting Directional Selection from the Polymorphism Frequency Spectrum (2007)

The distribution of genetic polymorphisms in a population contains information about the mutation rate and the strength of natural selection at a locus. Here, we show that the Poisson Random Field (PRF) method of population-genetic inference suffers from systematic biases that tend to underestimate selection pressures and mutation rates, and that erroneously infer positive selection. These problems arise from the infinite-sites approximation inherent in the PRF method. We introduce three new inference techniques that correct these problems. We present a finite-site modification of the PRF method, as well as two new methods for inferring selection pressures and mutation rates based on diffusion models. Our methods can be used to infer not only a "weighted average" of selection pressures acting on a gene sequence, but also the distribution of selection pressures across sites. We evaluate the accuracy of our methods, as well that of the original PRF approach, by comparison with Wright-Fisher simulations.
The expulsion of<i>Echinostoma trivolvis</i>: suppressive effects of dexamethasone on goblet cell hyperplasia and worm rejection in C3H/HeN mice (1996)

C3H/HeN mice were infected with Echinostoma trivolvis metacercariae on day 0, given intramuscular injections of dexamethasone daily for 5 or 7 days, and necropsied on days 5, 8, 12, 15, 20 and 30 p. i. Controls consisted of mice that were infected with echinostomes, but were not treated with dexamethasone. Dexamethasone treatment caused a delay in worm expulsion from the small intestine of the hosts, and the increase in goblet cell numbers that occurred in untreated mice was markedly delayed in the treated mice. Mast cell number in the small intestine increased rapidly from just after day 5 p. i. and reached a peak on day 15 p. i. in both dexamethasone-treated and control mice, although the increase in cell numbers was delayed slightly in the dexamethasone-treated mice. The eosinophil number in the small intestine of dexamethasone-treated mice was suppressed until 8 days p. i. and then increased reaching a peak on day 12 p. i., although the number was about one half that of the control. As determined on day 12 p. i., the mean body area of worms from dexamethasone-treated animals was significantly greater than that of the controls. Histological examination of the small intestine showed that the goblet and Paneth cell hyperplasia seen in mice infected with E. trivolvis was suppressed by dexamethasone treatment. Transmission electron microscopy revealed no marked ultrastructural differences in the small intestine of the dexamethasone-treated and control mice except that the former had an increased number of intracristal granules in mitochondria, an increase in vesicles in the apical epithelial cells and an increase in amorphous bodies and autophagic vacuoles in the Paneth cells. These results indicate that dexamethasone treatment delayed the expulsion of E. trivolvis from the small intestine of the host mouse in association with the suppression of goblet cell hyperplasia and increase in the number of mast cells and eosinophils.
ChemInform Abstract: Epoxidation of Isolated Double Bonds with 30% Hydrogen Peroxide Catalyzed by Pertungstate Salts. (1986)

Abstract Es wird ein bequemes Verfahren zur Epoxidierung von Alkenen beschrieben, wobei mit 30°C /oigem Wasserstoffperoxid in Gegenwart eines quartären Phosphonium‐ oder Ammoniumperwolframates (II) als Katalysator gearbeitet wird.
A cytogenetic comparison of some North American owl species (1991)

Karyotypes of three owl species previously not reported, the Burrowing Owl (Athene cunnicularia), the Hawk Owl (Surnia ulula), and the Western Screech Owl (Otus kennicotti), are presented. Comparison with other karyotypes in the literature suggests that the Burrowing Owl should be in a separate genus, as was previously the case. The Hawk Owl karyotype was found to bear considerable similarity to some Athene species, although we are not suggesting they should be placed in one genus. The karyotype of the Western Screech Owl appears to have diverged from the Otus species described previously, but these chromosomal data are not incompatible with these species sharing a common genus. A karyotype of the Long-eared Owl, which differs slightly from a previously published version, is presented. Relationships among the owls karyotyped to date are discussed on the basis of cladistic interpretations of these data.Key words: Strigiformes, phylogeny, karyotype, evolution, chromosome.
On board Pressure Measurements in Francis Model Runner Blades (2008)

The work presented in this thesis involves preparation and execution of measurements on Francis runners. The measurements were performed by means of onboard measuring equipment both in model runners and full-scale prototype runners. Also, analysis of the measured data, and the discussion of the results, is presented. The measurements resulted in large data sets. These data sets were used by the author to investigate the dynamic pressure and strain in the runners. The results of the analysis can be used as input in future turbine design. Andritz Hydro AG has used the data for verification of their numerical simulation tools. In connection with the refurbishment of Tokke power plant, two model runners were made available for onboard pressure measurements. To investigate the dynamic pressure in these runners, methods for integration of pressure transducers in the runner blades needed to be developed. After initial difficulties during the preparation, successful measurements were obtained from both model runners. At Tokke power plant, both the original and replacement runners were made accessible for onboard pressure and strain gauge measurements. On the original Kvaerner Brug AS runner, the test was prepared and performed by the author. This test failed, due to water intrusion in the logging chain. The second test was performed on the Andritz Hydro AG replacement runner. This test was prepared and performed by the author in close cooperation with Andritz Hydro AG, and the results were successful. The analysis results from both model and prototype runners show that the wake leaving the guide vanes is the most severe source of dynamic pressure in the runner. The draft tube vortex rope pulsation propagates upstream the runner, but does not appear as a significant frequency in the runner strain measurements.
Bioelectrical impedance analysis for perioperative water management in adult cardiovascular valve disease surgery (2020)

The EI is possibly a predictive marker for perioperative water management in cardiac surgery.
Axisymmetric particle-driven gravity currents (1995)

Axisymmetric gravity currents that result when a dense suspension intrudes under a lighter ambient fluid are studied theoretically and experimentally. The dynamics of and deposition from currents flowing over a rigid horizontal surface are determined for the release of either a fixed volume or a constant flux of a suspension. The dynamics of the current are assumed to be dominated by inertial and buoyancy forces, while viscous forces are assumed to be negligible. The fluid motion is modelled by the single-layer axisymmetric shallow-water equations, which neglect the effects of the overlying fluid. An advective transport equation models the distribution of particles in the current, and this distribution determines the local buoyancy force in the shallow-water equations. The transport equation is derived on the assumption that the particles are vertically well-mixed by the turbulence in the current, are advected by the mean flow and settle out through a viscous sublayer at the bottom of the current. No adjustable parameters are needed to specify the theoretical model. The coupled equations of the model are solved numerically, and it is predicted that after an early stage both constant-volume and constant-flux, particle-driven gravity currents develop an internal bore which separates a supercritical particle-free region upstream from a subcritical particle-rich region downstream near the head of the current. For the fixed-volume release, an earlier bore is also predicted to occur very shortly after the initial collapse of the current. This bore transports suspended particles away from the origin, which results in a maximum in the predicted deposition away from the centre. To test the model several laboratory experiments were performed to determine both the radius of an axisymmetric particle-driven gravity current as a function of time and its deposition pattern for a variety of initial particle concentrations, particle sizes, volumes and flow rates. For the release of a fixed volume and of a constant flux of suspension, the comparisons between the experimental results and the theoretical predictions are fairly good. However, for the current of fixed volume, we did not observe the bore predicted to occur shortly after the collapse of the current or the resulting maximum in deposition downstream of the origin. This is unlike the previous study of Bonnecaze et al. (1993) on two-dimensional currents, in which a strong bore was observed during the slumping phase. The radial extent R of the deposit from a fixed-volume current is accurately predicted by the model, and for currents whose particles settle sufficiently slowly, we find that R = 1.9( g ′ 0 V 3 / v 2 s ) 1/8 , where V is the volume of the current, v s is the settling velocity of a particle in the suspension and g’ 0 is the initial reduced gravity of the suspension.
On Predicting the Dynamic Effects of Clearances in One-Dimensional Closed Loop Systems (1974)

The dynamic response of a complex one-dimensional system with clearances is considered. It is shown that the presence of the clearances results in a substantial amplification of the internal dynamic forces of the system. This behavior is compared with the characteristics of a simple general model of the clearance coupling called an impact pair. It is shown that the impact pair is capable of predicting the effects of clearances on the dynamics of one-dimensional systems and represents a valuable design tool.
Trinexapac‐Ethyl and Iron Effects on Supina and Kentucky Bluegrasses Under Low Irradiance (2001)

Turf use in covered stadiums and other environments with reduced irradiance is limited due to lack of suitable turf species and management practices. This study compared the tolerance of supina bluegrass ( Poa supina Schrad.) and Kentucky bluegrass ( P. pratensis L.) with reduced irradiance of approximately 1 to 5 mol m −2 d −1 Treatments included trinexapac‐ethyl {[4‐(cyclopropyl‐α‐hydroxy‐methylene)‐3,5‐dioxo‐cyclohexane‐carboxylic acid ethyl ester]} (TE), foliar iron, and simulated athletic traffic inside a covered stadium simulator facility. Analysis of variance showed supina bluegrass was more responsive to TE than Kentucky bluegrass. Trinexapac‐ethyl reduced supina bluegrass clipping yields approximately 60%; Kentucky bluegrass yields were reduced by 20% or less. In non‐trafficked turf, TE increased supina bluegrass tillers by 50% and leaves by 33% but did not change tillering and leaf number of Kentucky bluegrass. Without traffic, TE‐treated supina bluegrass provided an acceptable turf at 10 to 15% solar irradiance for at least 4 to 6 mo, while Kentucky bluegrass and untreated supina bluegrass became unacceptable within 2 to 4 mo. Under traffic, TE‐treated supina bluegrass provided acceptable turf for up to 5 wk, while Kentucky bluegrass did not provide acceptable turf for more than 2 to 4 wk. Trinexapac‐ethyl enhanced supina bluegrass color and increased chlorophyll levels of both species. Foliar applications of iron had negligible effects on all of the parameters evaluated. Supina bluegrass is a useful turf for reduced irradiance situations but requires more than 5 mol m −2 d −1 to sustain traffic for periods longer than 5 wk.
Recognition of chronic carbon monoxide poisoning. (2000)

Chronic exposure to low levels of carbon monoxide can cause vague symptoms that are easily mistaken for other common illnesses. During the past 5 years, three families have contacted the Wisconsin Division of Public Health to report illnesses that may have been caused by chronic exposure to carbon monoxide. Members of these families were diagnosed with a variety of conditions including chronic fatigue syndrome, depression and influenza. Carbon monoxide exposure was not suspected as a cause of these illnesses until heating contractors discovered that gas appliances in these families' homes were not properly vented. These cases serve as reminders that carbon monoxide exposure should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients who present with chronic symptoms of headache, fatigue, dizziness, nausea and mental confusion--especially when these symptoms onset during the winter heating season.
New Synthetic Technology for the Rapid Construction of Novel Heterocycles—Part 1: The Reaction of Dess – Martin Periodinane with Anilides and Related Compounds (2000)

The unusual behavior of hypervalent iodine reagents, Dess – Martin periodinane and IBX, with an array of anilides leads to the formation of complex heterocycles in only one synthetic operation (see scheme). Furthermore, the substrates for these transformations are available in one step from readily available commercial building blocks. The mechanism by which these periodinanes interact with anilides is also explored. This exciting new class of chemical reactions was discovered during the course of the total synthesis of the CP molecules and leads to compounds which are relevant to chemical biology investigations and pharmaceutical research.
P15 Comparison of 2-D and 3-D image quality for high count rate brain studies on the GE discovery ST PET???CT scanner (2006)

King's College London School of Medicine at Guy's, King's College and St Thomas' Hospitals, London, UK Abstracts of the 34th Annual Meeting of the British Nuclear Medicine Society Manchester International Conference Centre, UK, 27–29 March 2006
Implementation of monoclonal antibody fluorescence on the Abbott CELL-DYN Sapphire haematology analyser: evaluation of lymphoid, myeloid and platelet markers (2006)

Apart from qualitative flags, that are typically inefficient and uninformative, haematology instruments provide little meaningful information about lymphocyte populations or the lineage of atypical or immature elements, The CELL-DYN Sapphire haematology analyser uses integrated optical and fluorescence (488 nm) measurements, with FL1 (FITC) and FL2 (PE) detectors being configured for fluorescent analysis. As monoclonal antibodies (Mab) are widely used as cellular probes, and are likely to constitute the future basis for immunodifferentials, we explored the feasibility of implementing immunofluorescence on this routine haematology analyser. An extensive series of Mab (CD2, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD11b, CD13, CD14, CD16, CD19, CD22, CD33, CD34, CD41, CD42b, CD45, CD56, CD61, CD64, CD235a and HLA-DR) were tested singly or in FITC/PE combinations. Analyser processing and data acquisition was achieved using CD-Sapphire automated CD61 immunoplatelet or CD3/4/8 assay procedures and, apart from mixing EDTA-blood and antibody, no further sample manipulation was required. Downloaded raw files were processed with cytometry software, and all evaluated reagents showed population discrimination analogous to flow cytometry. Practical procedures were straightforward and required minimal operator training. Extended information that can be obtained from monoclonal antibodies with a routine haematology analyser has the potential to extend haematology laboratory practices and positively impact laboratory and clinical efficiency.
B, Al, Ga, In, Tl (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Effects of Chronic Ethanol Treatment on the <i>In Vitro</i> Biosynthesis of Pro‐Opiomelanocortin and ItsPosttranslational Processing to (β‐Endorphin in theIntermediate Lobe of the Rat Pituitary (1984)

Chronic treatment of rats with 15% (vol/vol) ethanol in tap water as their only source of liquid over a period of 3 weeks resulted in a strong decrease by almost 50% in tissue levels and in vitro release of immunoreactive beta-endorphin of the neurointermediate pituitary. Moreover, the in vitro incorporation of [3H]phenylalanine into peptides of the neurointermediate pituitary, immunoprecipitable with beta-endorphin antiserum, was found to be decreased by more than 30%. Analysis of beta-endorphin-related peptides on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that chronic ethanol treatment reduced the in vitro biosynthesis of the beta-endorphin precursor pro-opiomelanocortin. This ethanol-induced effect was combined with a retardation in the time course of the posttranslational processing of the precursor into beta-endorphin. Thus, chronic ethanol treatment may influence the activity of enzymes which process the opioid peptide precursor pro-opiomelanocortin, leading to a decreased formation of the final secretory product beta-endorphin.
Monocytic involvement by monosomy 7 preceded acute myelomonocytic leukemia in a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome. (1988)

Novel techniques were used to detect which cell lineages were affected by monosomy 7 in a patient who had myelodysplastic syndrome and later developed acute leukemia. The patient had had paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria for 20 years before developing refractory anemia with excess of blasts. Cytogenetic analysis at the myelodysplastic stage disclosed monosomy 7 in bone marrow mitoses. Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of fractionated white blood cells with the chromosome 7-specific probes MetH and MetD revealed that blood monocytes and most bone marrow erythroblasts but not blood granulocytes or lymphocytes were affected by monosomy 7. The patient later developed acute myelomonocytic leukemia with blast cells positive for markers of the myelomonocytic lineage but negative for granulocytic markers in a standard surface marker analysis. The leukemic blast cells had monosomy 7 as determined by direct cytogenetic investigation. Thus, the monocytes were found to be affected by monosomy 7 in this patient 8 months before her myelodysplastic syndrome progressed to acute myelomonocytic leukemia, and the affected cells had the same biologic markers at both stages of the disease.
S100A12 in Vascular Smooth Muscle Accelerates Vascular Calcification in Apolipoprotein E–Null Mice by Activating an Osteogenic Gene Regulatory Program (2010)

Vascular smooth muscle S100A12 accelerates atherosclerosis and augments atherosclerosis-triggered osteogenesis, reminiscent of features associated with plaque instability.
Vertical Organic Light-Emitting Transistor Using Oriented Molecular Thin Film (2018)

We proposed a novel organic light-emitting transistors (OLETs) named band conduction based vertical organic light emitting transistor (BCBVOLET). In BCBVOLET, an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) is formed on the vertical organic transistor. The vertical organic transistor we used are originally developed transistor called band conduction based organic transistor (BCBOT). BCBOT allows low-voltage, and high-current operation. As a result of using BCBVOLET, we succeeded to obtain maximum luminance of 600 cd/m2 at gate voltage of -2 V. ON / OFF ratio of current density is 103 at gate voltage of -2 V to 0 V.