gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
609. Long Term Persistence of Canine Factor IX-Specific Th1 Lymphocytes in Regional Lymph Nodes after AAV1-Mediated Intramuscular Gene Transfer in a Hemophilia B Dog (2005)

Previous studies on AAV-mediated gene therapy for hemophilia B showed that underlying factor IX (F.IX) mutation, vector dose, serotype, and route of administration all play a role in the risk of anti-F.IX antibody formation. Intramuscular (IM) administration of an AAV2 vector in normal and hemophilia B (HB) mice invariably activates F.IX-specific Th2 lymphocytes with production of mainly IgG1 and IgG2b antibody subclasses. Similarly, HB dogs with a missense mutation usually do not develop an immune response against canineF.IX when injected IM with low doses of an AAV2 vector. At high vector doses, a neutralizing antibody response has been observed, characterized by the production of both IgG1 and IgG2 subclasses, with levels of IgG2>IgG1. Although previous observations ruled out the involvement of CD8+ T cells, a recent study on the ovalbumin mouse model of AAV-mediated muscle-directed gene transfer showed a CTL response against the transgene protein at high vector doses (Wang et al., Blood, in press). An HB dog from the Chapel Hill colony (E57) received by IM injection an AAV1 vector expressing canine F.IX under the control of the CMV promoter at a dose of 2.4 |[times]| 10^11vg/kg, vector was co-administered with immunosuppression (IS) (Arruda et al., Blood 2004). One week after vector administration the whole blood clotting time (WBCT) fell to the normal range (18min) and circulating F.IX levels reached 104 ng/ml. However, after discontinuing IS a long-lasting neutralizing antibody response was observed (6 BU >3 years after injection) with production of both anti-cF.IX IgG1 and IgG2 and levels of IgG1>IgG2. In order to study in detail T cell responses against the cF.IX, a peptide library was produced spanning the F.IX protein sequence. PBMCs were isolated from whole blood of E57 and, from two HB dogs that received an AAV2-cF.IX vector delivered to the muscle. Lymphocytes were tested by ELISpot for secretion of IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-|[gamma]| and, interestingly, dogs injected with the AAV2 vector showed a positive IL-10 response while the AAV1 injected dog did not. Next, E57 and a normal dog were sacrificed and lymphocytes from spleen, draining lymph nodes (LN) and non-draining LN were isolated. Lymphocytes from E57 draining LN showed positive results on ELISpot for IFN-|[gamma]| for 2 cF.IX peptide pools. No response was detected for the other tissues and for the control dog. IF staining for CD8+ cells and H&E staining of muscle sections from E57 were negative. These results suggest a long-lived immune response detectable locally in the draining LN. Cytokine and antibody subclass profiles are typical of a Th1 response vs. the Th2 response seen in AAV2 injected dogs. Whether the shift from a Th2 to a Th1 response is driven by higher levels of antigen expression of by the switch in serotypes is currently under study. We conclude that in AAV-mediated, muscle-directed gene transfer, there may be long-term persistence of F.IX-specific Th1 lymphocytes in the regional LN.
ChemInform Abstract: Kinetics of Complexation (in Supramolecular Chemistry) (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Characterization of Candida albicans mannan-induced, mannan-specific delayed hypersensitivity suppressor cells (1990)

We have shown previously that CBA/J mice immunized with Candida albicans developed delayed hypersensitivity (DH) demonstrable with mannan (MAN) extracted from the same organism and that the intravenous (i.v.) injection of MAN prior to or during the immunization phase resulted in the suppression of the MAN-specific DH response. In this study, we demonstrate that MAN-induced suppression of DH is a T-lymphocyte-mediated phenomenon. Suppressor cells induced in vivo by the i.v. injection of MAN into naive mice 1 to 7 days prior to harvest were passaged through nylon wool, treated with various surface-specific antibodies and complement, and then injected i.v. into immunized syngeneic recipients. Enrichment of splenic T cells by passage over nylon wool and transfer of the nylon-wool-nonadherent populations to immunized recipient mice suppressed DH in a dose-dependent manner. Depletion of Thy+ or Lyt-2+ cells from nylon-wool-nonadherent populations regularly ablated the ability of such suspensions to transfer suppression. Treatment of the same transfer suspensions with anti-Lyt-1 had variable effects, suggesting that the surface density of the Lyt-1 antigen was not as constant from population to population as was the Lyt-2 antigen. In addition, C. albicans MAN-induced suppressor cells were able to suppress DH demonstrable with Candida tropicalis MAN in animals immunized with C. tropicalis. Suppression of DH by MAN in this model, therefore, is mediated by Thy+ Lyt-2+ lymphocytes.
Spectroscopic Studies of “Exciplex Tuning” for Dicyanoaurate(I) Ions Doped in Potassium Chloride Crystals (2002)

Photoluminescence and Raman results for single crystals of KCl doped with KAu(CN)2 with different Au content are presented and compared with results for pure KAu(CN)2 crystals. Photoluminescence spectra of the doped crystals show three major UV−vis bands that can be resolved by varying the excitation wavelength. Spectroscopic and computational evidence suggests the formation of Au−Au bonded excimers and exciplexes in this doped system. The excimer/exciplex luminescence bands can be tuned in a given crystal by site-selective excitation and their relative intensities tuned by varying the dopant concentration. Microsecond lifetimes were observed for the various luminescence bands, suggesting Au-centered phosphorescent emissions. Raman spectral analysis was used successfully to correlate with the luminescence bands observed in pure and doped crystals of [Au(CN)2-] and [Ag(CN)2-] systems. The Raman νCN bands corresponding to various sites of [Au(CN)2-]n and [Ag(CN)2-]n clusters in various crystals correlated well with the luminescence spectra, in terms of both the number of peaks and their relative frequencies. The results have illustrated interesting differences in the clustering of [Au(CN)2-] versus [Ag(CN)2-] ions in the host lattice. As the dopant level increases, the extent of metal−metal interactions increases due to larger oligomers or shorter metal−metal separation, in either case leading to decreased back-bonding and higher νCN frequencies. The νCN Raman frequencies in [Au(CN)2-]/KCl crystals with increasing doping level increased beyond the value for pure KAu(CN)2 crystals, presumably due to a shorter Au−Au distance in the highest doped crystal than the distance in the pure crystal. In contrast, increasing the doping level in [Ag(CN)2-]/KCl systems resulted in the appearance of νCN Raman peaks with correspondingly higher frequencies but the values remained lower than those for pure KAg(CN)2 crystals, as expected.
Progress towards a long length metallic precursor process for multifilament Bi-2223 composite superconductors (1995)

A process based on metal precursors has been developed for fabricating 361-filament Bi-2223 oxide superconductor-silver composite tapes with oxide and whole wire critical current densities of 20.8 kA/cm/sup 2/ and 3.74 kA/cm/sup 2/ at 77 K over 85 m (1 /spl mu/V/cm criterion). Fabrication of approximately 50 m lengths for a cumulative 1 km yielded average oxide critical current densities of 15.2 kA/cm/sup 2/ and 11.9 kA/cm/sup 2/ using 1 /spl mu/V/cm and 10/sup -11/ /spl Omega/ cm criteria. Within tape I/sub c/ variability was less than 5% except for I/sub c/ drop-offs near the tape ends. The oxide superconductor exhibited a high degree of the required texture. A 1.12 T (at 4.2 K) instrumented magnet with a 2.5 cm bore was fabricated by a react- and-wind approach from the tapes and delivered to Oak Ridge National Laboratory for quench studies.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Acetylated Polyamines in Lungs from Rats with Monocrotaline-Induced Pneumotoxicity (1989)

Multiple lines of evidence implicate the polyamines, putrescine, spermidine, and spermine in the lung injury and hypertensive pulmonary vascular disease produced in rats by the pyrrolizidine alkaloid monocrotaline. While increases in lung polyamine content evoked by monocrotaline can be attributed in part to induction of the two rate-limiting enzymes in de novo polyamine synthesis, ornithine decarboxylase and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase, little attention has been paid to the role that catabolic interconversion processes might play in lung polyamine accumulation. Accordingly, the present study evaluated dose (10–60 mg/kg) and time (0–21 days)-dependent effects of monocrotaline on lung contents of acetylated polyamines and on the activity of spemidine/spermine acetyltransferase (SAT), the enzyme affecting spermidine acetylation. A single subcutaneous injection of monocrotaline produced dose- and time-dependent increases in the lung contents of N1-acetylspermidine. Neither N1-acetylspermine nor N1-acetylputrescine could be detected in lungs from control rats or from rats treated with monocrotaline. SAT activity also was increased in monocrotaline-treated rat lungs in a dose- and tunedependent manner that was closely related to increases in the lung burden of N1-acetylspermidine. As expected, monocrotaline also caused dose- and time-dependent elevations in the lung contents of the primary polyamines, putrescine, spermidine, and spermine. Right ventricular hypertrophy, an index of sustained pulmonary hypertension, did not develop in animals treated with 10 or 20 mg/kg monocrotaline despite elevations in the lung contents of putrescine and N1-acetylspermidine and increases in the activity of SAT. In contrast,30 and 60 mg/kg monocrotaline provoked right ventricular hypertrophy accompanied by elevations in the primary polyaming N1-acetylspermidine, and SAT activity. These observations indicate that monocrotaline-induced pneumotoxicity, characterized by development of sustained pulmonary hypertension, is associated with increased activity of SAT and accumulation of N1-acetylspermidine as well as the primary polyamines. This association suggests that polyamine interconversion pathways may be important in development of monocrotaline-induced pneumotoxicity.
Relative molar response of a flame ionization detector to some organic compounds containing sulfur (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRelative molar response of a flame ionization detector to some organic compounds containing sulfurW. G. Filby, K. Guenther, and R.-D. PenzhornCite this: Anal. Chem. 1975, 47, 13, 2283–2285Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1975https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60363a056RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views90Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (401 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Hormesis, gompertz functions, and risk assessment (1988)

A historical survey of the literature indicates that benefits derived from low doses of toxic substances have been reported over many centuries. Hippocrates, Paracelsus, Arndt, Schulz, and Hahnemann (founder of homeopathy) have all reported that low doses of toxic substances may be "stimulatory" or otherwise beneficial. Assessment of mortality data from modern-day bioassay studies indicates that low-dose animal exposure to a variety of toxic agents can, through an unknown mechanism, also induce beneficial changes which promote health and prolong life (longevity hormesis). This nonspecific and apparently reversible phenomenon has been modeled kinetically through use of age-specific mortality rate and a generalized Gompertz function; the basic assumption is that mortality in an interval is a function of the weighted sum of intensities of physiologic injury during that interval. It was assumed that longevity-enhancing hormetic reduction in population injury may be decremented from life-shortening injury produced through the aging process and concomitant toxicity. At low exposure levels, a net reduction in age-specific mortality rate can sometimes be observed. The implications for risk assessment are significant. It is tacitly assumed in generating virtually all estimates of risk that toxic manifestations observed at higher doses are the sole effects elicited at lower doses. This appears to be qualitatively incorrect.
A new noise-tolerant dynamic logic circuit design (2007)

This work proposes a new noise-tolerant dynamic circuit design. It has been extensively compared to previously published schemes. The new design can achieve a level of noise robustness that is unreachable by the previous proposals. Furthermore, it has minimal delay and energy penalties. Under the same energy-delay product, the proposed design shows a noise-robustness that is increased by up to 116%, in comparison with the existing schemes.
Deficiency of Akt1, but not Akt2, attenuates the development of pulmonary hypertension (2014)

Pulmonary vascular remodeling, mainly attributable to enhanced pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, is a major cause for elevated pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary arterial pressure in patients with pulmonary hypertension. The signaling cascade through Akt, comprised of three isoforms (Akt1-3) with distinct but overlapping functions, is involved in regulating cell proliferation and migration. This study aims to investigate whether the Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, and particularly which Akt isoform, contributes to the development and progression of pulmonary vascular remodeling in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH). Compared with the wild-type littermates, Akt1(-/-) mice were protected against the development and progression of chronic HPH, whereas Akt2(-/-) mice did not demonstrate any significant protection against the development of HPH. Furthermore, pulmonary vascular remodeling was significantly attenuated in the Akt1(-/-) mice, with no significant effect noted in the Akt2(-/-) mice after chronic exposure to normobaric hypoxia (10% O2). Overexpression of the upstream repressor of Akt signaling, phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN), and conditional and inducible knockout of mTOR in smooth muscle cells were also shown to attenuate the rise in right ventricular systolic pressure and the development of right ventricular hypertrophy. In conclusion, Akt isoforms appear to have a unique function within the pulmonary vasculature, with the Akt1 isoform having a dominant role in pulmonary vascular remodeling associated with HPH. The PTEN/Akt1/mTOR signaling pathway will continue to be a critical area of study in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension, and specific Akt isoforms may help specify therapeutic targets for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension.
Efficient Stereoselective Synthesis of All Geometrical Isomers of Heptadeca-11,13-dienes (1997)

All geometrical isomers of heptacosa-11,13-dienes, 1-4 , previously identified in termite Prorhinotermes simplex cuticular hydrocarbons, were efficiently synthesized according Peterson-Hudrlik olefination procedure in high stereoisomeric purity using syn and anti elimination of erythro alkenyl-β-hydroxysilanes ( 15 and 17 ). These ( Z )- and ( E )-alkenyl-β-hydroxysilanes are available from regioselective opening of (1 R *,2 S *)-1,2-epoxy-1-trimethylsilylpentadecane 13 with corresponding ( Z )- and ( E )-dodec-1-enyl cuprates ( 14 and 16 ). Stereoisomeric purity of obtained dienes 1-4 was higher than 95% ( 13 C NMR).
Sequential reductive dehalogenation of chloroanilines by microorganisms from a methanogenic aquifer (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSequential reductive dehalogenation of chloroanilines by microorganisms from a methanogenic aquiferElmar P. Kuhn and Joseph M. SuflitaCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1989, 23, 7, 848–852Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00065a014https://doi.org/10.1021/es00065a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views141Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
COOKING EFFECTS ON TITIN IN FRESH AND PROCESSED BEEF PRODUCTS (1992)

ABSTRACT Fresh bovine longissimus thoracis muscle samples, heated at 73C for 0, 5, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 min, were subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and western blot analysis. Titin was both aggregated into large protein masses and degraded into smaller fragments (two apparently independent processes) in fresh muscle samples heated 15 min or more at 73C. Samples removed at various points during the manufacture of a tumbled cured beef product were also subjected to electrophoresis and western blot analysis. Titin was primarily degraded into smaller polypeptide fragments during the manufacture of this product with no large titin aggregates observed. Commercially manufactured meat products, when examined by these techniques, contained both titin aggregates and degradation products. These results suggest that titin can be aggregated into large protein masses and degraded into smaller polypeptide fragments during the heating of fresh or processed meat products.
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleophilic Reactions of Quinones (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Action of toluene-p-thiol and triethylamine on fully protected thymidylyl-(3′→ 5′)-thymidine. Possible occurrence of thiolate ion-promoted internucleotide cleavage in the synthesis of oligonucleotides by the phosphotriester approach (1981)

When 5′-O-methoxytetrahydropyranylthymidylyl-(3′→ 5′)-3′-O-methoxytetrahydropyranylthymidine o-chlorophenyl ester (12) is treated with an excess of toluene-p-thiol and triethylamine in acetonitrile solution at room temperature, it is cleaved to give 5′-O-methoxytetrahydropyranylthymidine 3′-(o-chlorophenyl) phosphate (10) and 5′-deoxy-5′-(p-tolylthio)-3′-O-methoxytetrahydropyranylthymidine(13). The bearing of this result on the synthesis of oligonucleotides by the phosphotriester approach is discussed.
<i>nec1</i>, a Gene Conferring a Necrogenic Phenotype, Is Conserved in Plant-Pathogenic <i>Streptomyces</i> spp. and Linked to a Transposase Pseudogene (1998)

We are investigating the genetic basis for, and evolution of, plant pathogenicity in Streptomyces spp. The plant-pathogenic species S. scabies, S. acidiscabies, and S. turgidiscabies cause the scab disease of potato and produce the phytotoxins, thaxtomins. Forty-three Streptomyces strains representing the three species were evaluated; all thaxtomin A-producing Streptomyces strains were pathogenic on potato tubers and all but one hybridized to nec1 and ORFtnp, two genes previously cloned from S. scabies ATCC 41973. nec1 confers a pathogenic phenotype on S. lividans TK24, a nonpathogen, and ORFtnp is a transposase pseudogene located 5' to nec1. The eight nonpathogenic strains tested neither produced thaxtomin A nor hybridized to nec1. ORFtnp and nec1 occurred on a single PvuII restriction fragment in all thaxtomin A-producing Streptomyces strains. The nucleotide sequences of the homologs of nec1 and ORFtnp from two pathogenic strains each of S. scabies, S. acidiscabies, and S. turgidiscabies were identical; oligonucleotide primers specific to this gene amplified homologs from all strains that hybridized to nec1. We propose that nec1 and ORFtnp have been horizontally mobilized from S. scabies to S. acidiscabies and S. turgidiscabies, and that nec1 is involved in pathogenicity and physically linked to the thaxtomin A biosynthetic genes.
Resonant Raman Scattering in ZnS (1991)

Three Raman lines were observed in addition to excitonic emission lines in cubic ZnS using a He-Cd laser 325 nm line. The lines were assigned to the Raman lines of the laser line scattered by one or two phonons. The energies of the LO phonon and the TO phonon were estimated to be 44 meV and 35 meV from the energy of the Raman lines. These values agreed well with those measured by right-angle Raman scattering with an Ar laser 514.5 nm line. With the rise in temperature from 4.2 K, the intensity of the Raman lines declined until 80 K and was then enhanced to about 130 K. The temperatures where the intensity was enhanced corresponded to those where the energy of the free exciton level approached the energies of the Raman lines. The temperature dependence of the Raman intensity was interpreted in terms of resonance between the incident or scattered light with the temperature-dependent free exciton level.