gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An experimental test of the “transmission‐line model” of electromagnetic radiation from triggered lightning return strokes (1988)

The “transmission‐line” model of return‐stroke radiation, proposed by Uman and McLain (1970) and invoked frequently thereafter to deduce peak currents from remote fields or to estimate propagation velocities from measured fields and currents, has never received a thorough experimental test. During the summer of 1985 at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida, we were able to measure peak currents (with a coaxial shunt), two‐dimensional average propagation speeds (with a high‐speed streak camera), and electric field waveforms (at 5.15‐km range) for a number of subsequent return strokes in rocket‐triggered lightning flashes. Because of the temporal ambiguity on the streak‐camera films, it has not been possible to identify individual velocity measurements with particular strokes for which current and field data are available. Three multistroke flashes, however, each yielded a tight cluster of velocity measurements and a group of peak field to peak current ratios, though not necessarily for the same strokes. A further six flashes provided more current and field measurements for which no velocity information was obtained, and velocity measurements only are available for still other flashes. It is shown that these data indicate reasonable agreement between the propagation speeds measured with the streak camera and those deduced from the transmission‐line model. The previously observed difference between current and radiation‐field waveforms suggests a modification of the model, involving two wave fronts traveling upward and downward away from a junction point a short distance above the ground, which substantially improves the agreement between measured and inferred propagation speeds.
Smooth and collision-free navigation for multiple mobile robots and video game characters (2012)

The navigation of multiple mobile robots or virtual agents through environments containing static and dynamic obstacles to specified goal locations is an important problem in mobile robotics, many video games, and simulated environments. Moreover, technological advances in mobile robot hardware and video games consoles have allowed increasing numbers of mobile robots or virtual agents to navigate shared environments simultaneously. However, coordinating the navigation of large groups of mobile robots or virtual agents remains a difficult task. Kinematic and dynamic constraints and the effects of sensor and actuator uncertainty exaggerate the challenge of navigating multiple physical mobile robots, and video games players demand plausible motion and an ever increasing visual fidelity of virtual agents without sacrificing frame rate. 
We present new methods for navigating multiple mobile robots or virtual agents through shared environments, each using formulations based on velocity obstacles. These include algorithms that allow navigation through environments in two-dimensional or three-dimensional workspaces containing both static and dynamic obstacles without collisions or oscillations. Each mobile robot or virtual agent senses its surroundings and acts independently, without central coordination or inter-communication with its neighbors, implicitly assuming the neighbors use the same navigation strategy based on the notion of reciprocity. We use the position, velocity, and physical extent of neighboring mobile robots or virtual agents to compute their future trajectories to avoid collisions locally and show that, in principle, it is possible to theoretically guarantee that the motion of each mobile robot or virtual agent is smooth. Moreover, we demonstrate direct, collision-free, and oscillation-free navigation in experiments using physical iRobot Create mobile robots, simulations of multiple differential-drive robots or simple-airplanes, and video games levels containing hundreds of virtual agents.
The TPS Advanced Development Project for CEV (2006)

The CEV TPS Advanced Development Project (ADP) is a NASA in-house activity for providing two heatshield preliminary designs (a Lunar direct return as well as a LEO only return) for the CEV, including the TPS, the carrier structure, the interfaces and the attachments. The project s primary objective is the development of a single heatshield preliminary design that meets both Lunar direct return and LEO return requirements. The effort to develop the Lunar direct return capable heatshield is considered a high risk item for the NASA CEV development effort due to the low TRL (approx. 4) of the candidate TPS materials. By initiating the TPS ADP early in the development cycle, the intent is to use materials analysis and testing in combination with manufacturing demonstrations to reduce the programmatic risk of using advanced TPS technologies in the critical path for CEV. Due to the technical and schedule risks associated a Lunar return heatshield, the ADP will pursue a parallel path design approach, whereby a back-up TPS/heatshield design that only meets LEO return requirements is also developed. The TPS materials and carrier structure design concept selections will be based on testing, analysis, design and evaluation of scalability and manufacturing performed under the ADP. At the TPS PDR, the preferred programmatic strategy is to transfer the continued (detailed) design, development, testing and evaluation (DDT&E) of both the Lunar direct and LEO return designs to a government/prime contractor coordinated sub-system design team. The CEV prime contractor would have responsibility for the continued heatshield sub-system development. Continued government participation would include analysis, testing and evaluation as well as decision authority at TPS Final System Decision (FSD) (choosing between the primary and back-up heatshields) occurring between TPS PDR and TPS Critical Design Review (CDR). After TPS FSD the prime CEV contractor will complete the detailed design, certification testing, procurement, and integration of the CEV TPS.
Database for crude drugs and Kampo medicine. (2011)

A wiki-based repository for crude drugs and Kampo medicine is introduced. It provides taxonomic and chemical information for 158 crude drugs and 348 prescriptions of the traditional Kampo medicine in Japan, which is a variation of ancient Chinese medicine. The system is built on MediaWiki with extensions for inline page search and for sending user-input elements to the server. These functions together realize implementation of word checks and data integration at the user-level. In this scheme, any user can participate in creating an integrated database with controlled vocabularies on the wiki system. Our implementation and data are accessible at http://metabolomics.jp/wiki/.
3D printing of hydroxyapatite polymer-based composites for bone tissue engineering (2017)

Abstract Skeletal defects reconstruction, using custom-made substitutes, represents a valid solution to replacing lost and damaged anatomical bone structures, renew their original function, and at the same time, restore the original aesthetic aspect. Rapid prototyping (RP) techniques allow the construction of complex physical models based on 3D clinical images. However, RP machines usually work with synthetic polymers; therefore, producing custom-made scaffolds using a biocompatible material directly by RP is an exciting challenge. The aim of the present work is to investigate the potentiality of 3D printing as a manufacturing method to produce an osteogenic hydroxyapatite-polylactic acid bone graft substitute.
Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Aerobic Dialkoxylation of 2‐Propenyl Phenols: A Pronounced Effect of Copper Additives on Enantioselectivity. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Comprar Phonetics: Transcription, Production, Acoustics, and Perception | Marcelle Gaune-Escard | 9780631232261 | Wiley (2009)

Tienda online donde Comprar Phonetics: Transcription, Production, Acoustics, and Perception al precio 28,35 € de Marcelle Gaune-Escard | Kenneth R. Seddon | Henning Reetz | Allard Jongman, tienda de Libros de Medicina, Libros de Quimica - Quimica
Surfactant structure and aggregate morphology. The urge for aggregate stability (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSurfactant structure and aggregate morphology. The urge for aggregate stabilityJan Jaap H. Nusselder and Jan B. F. N. EngbertsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 13, 5000–5002Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00195a075https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00195a075research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views202Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Sensorless Control of Synchronous Machines Based on Direct Speed and Position Estimation in Polar Stator-Current Coordinates (2012)

This paper proposes a sensorless control scheme for a surface-mounted permanent-magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) based on the back-electromotive force voltage. It is a direct estimation method, meaning the rotor position is directly calculated based on stator-current measurements and the stator voltage commands as well as on the knowledge of stator resistance and stator inductance, but without the use of an asymptotic observer or integration of speed, respectively, flux. The estimated angle is filtered and used directly for sensorless field-oriented current and torque control. Analogously, the rotor speed is also directly calculated and used for sensorless speed control. A polar stator-current coordinate representation is chosen for the stator currents such that the scheme is easily extendable with filters to cope with measurement noise. A comparison to a reduced-order observer highlights the robustness advantage. Experimental results confirm good dynamical performance, even at low speeds.
Development of a new bird repellent, Flight Control (1998)

In August 1995 the development of a new bird repellent, Flight Control containing anthraquinone, was initiated. A series of laboratory formulation testing, cage and pen studies were conducted. The anthraquinone discrimination threshold (concentration at which birds could detect the test material) for starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) was 151 ppm in treated feeds. The model revealed that to achieve 90% repellency with Flight Control, the treated material should receive 1,131 ppm of anthraquinone. Bird feed containing pesticide granules treated with 1% anthraquinone and control feed in a lab choice study, resulted in zero mortality in quail chicks (Colinus virginianus). Pen studies with American robins (Turdus migratorius) demonstrated Flight Control repelled the species when holly berries were treated with 500 ppm anthraquinone. Pen studies in Louisiana using Flight Control-treated rice seeds generated efficacy in excess of 90% to cowbirds (Molothrus ater) and red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus).
InGaN/GaN Core–Shell Single Nanowire Light Emitting Diodes with Graphene-Based P-Contact (2014)

We report on the demonstration of MOVPE-grown single nanowire InGaN/GaN core-shell light emitting diodes (LEDs) with a transparent graphene contact for hole injection. The electrical homogeneity of the graphene-contacted LED has been assessed by electron beam induced current microscopy. By comparing graphene-contacted and metal-contacted nanowire LEDs, we show that the contact layout determines the electroluminescence spectrum. The electroluminescence changes color from green to blue with increasing injection current. High-resolution cathodoluminescence on cleaved nanowires allows the location with high precision of the origin of different emitted wavelengths and demonstrates that the blue peak originates from the emission of the radial quantum well on the m-planes, whereas the green peak arises from the In-rich region at the junction between the m-planes and the semipolar planes. The spectral behavior of the electroluminescence is understood by modeling the current distribution within the nanowire.
Synthetische Anthracyclinone, XXXIV. Ein enantiomerenreiner AB‐Baustein zur Daunomycinon‐Synthese unter Einbau von (<i>S</i>)‐Äpfelsäure (1987)

Abstract ( S )‐Äpfelsäure ( 1 ) wird über das Dilithiumsalz 4 des Acetals 3 ohne Verlust der Enantiomerenreinheit in den vollständig funktionalisierten Daunomycinon‐Baustein 24 eingebaut.
Proton NMR and Optical Spectroscopic Studies on the DNA Triplex Formed by d-A-(G-A)<sub>7</sub>-G and d-C-(T-C)<sub>7</sub>-T (1991)

Triplex and duplex formation of two deoxyribohexadecamers d-A-(G-A)-G (a) and d-C-(T-C)-T (b) have been studied by UV, CD, fluorescence, and proton NMR spectroscopy. Optical studies of a and b at dilute concentrations (microM range) yielded results similar to those seen for polymers of the same sequence, indicating that these hexadecamers have properties similar to the polymers in regard to triplex formation. The CD spectra of concentrated NMR samples (mM range) are similar to those observed at optical concentrations at both low and high pH, making possible a correlation between CD and NMR studies. In NMR spectra, two imido NH-N hydrogen bonded resonance envelopes at 12.6 and 13.7 ppm indicate that only the duplex conformation is present at pH greater than 7.7. Four new NH-N hydrogen-bonded resonance envelopes at 12.7, 13.5, 14.2, and 14.9 ppm are observed under acidic conditions (pH 5.6) and the two original NH-N resonances gradually disappear as the pH is lowered. Assignment of these four peaks to Watson-Crick G.C. Hoogsteen T.A Watson-Crick A.T, and Hoogsteen C+.G hydrogen-bonded imidos, respectively, confirm the formation of triple-stranded DNA NMR results also show that triplex is more stable than duplex at the same salt condition and that triplex melts to single strands directly without going through a duplex intermediate. However, in the melting studies, a structural change within the triple-stranded complex is evident at temperatures significantly below the major helix-to-coil transition. These studies demonstrate the feasibility of using NMR spectroscopy and oligonucleotide model compounds a and b for the study of DNA triplex formation.
PF816 DEFORMABILITY OF PACKED RED BLOOD CELLS: UNIT-TO-UNIT VARIABILITY (2019)

Background: ENKTL account for more than 20% of the peripheral T-cell lymphoma in Asia. Patients with r/r ENKTL have a poor prognosis after failing an L-asparaginase based regimen, and the median overall survival is less than 6 months. The overexpression of PD-L1 induced by EBV infection is a potential mechanism for ENKTL to avert immune surveillance, and recent studies of PD-1 antibodies in pts with r/r ENKTL have demonstrated potential efficacy. Sintilimab, a fully human anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody, has a safety profile consistent with other approved PD-1 antibodies and was approved for r/r classical Hodgkin lymphoma in China in 2018. Aims: This multicenter, single-arm, phase 2 study aims to validate the efficacy and safety of sintilimab monotherapy in patients with r/r ENKTL in China. Methods: Patients with pathologically confirmed r/r ENKTL were enrolled. Sintilimab was given 200 mg IV Q3W, until PD, death, unacceptable toxicity, or withdrawal from the study. Treatment beyond PD is allowed. Tumor response evaluation was performed by both PET-CT and CT/MRI with contrast. The primary endpoint was objective response rate based on LUGANO 2014 criteria. Data cut-off date for this analysis was Feb 2, 2019. Results: From Aug 31, 2017 to Feb 7, 2018, a total of 28 patients were enrolled: 60.7% male and the median age was 37 (range: 19∼65) yr. Sixty-eight percent of patients were stage IV and 89.3% were ECOG PS ≥ 1. All patients had failed an L-asparaginase based regimen, the median lines of previous therapy were 3 (range: 1∼13), 78.6% patients received prior radiotherapy and 7.1% had failed HSCT. Median duration of therapy was 14.04 (range: 1.4∼17.3) months and 19 patients are still receiving sintilimab. Sixty-eight percent (19/28, 95%CI: 47.6%∼84.1%) of patients achieved response (CR+PR), including 4 pts who experienced PD prior to having a response. DCR was 85.7%, including 5 pts who experienced PD before SD or response. The 1-year OS rate was 82.1% and the median OS has not been reached. Most TRAEs were G1∼2 (67.9%) and no patients discontinued treatment due to AEs. The most common TRAE was decreased lymphocyte count (46.4%) and 84.6% were grade 1∼2. SAEs occurred in 21.4% of patients and none were related to sintilimab. No patients died from AEs. Summary/Conclusion: Sintilimab is effective and well tolerated in r/r ENKTL and could be a promising treatment option for these patients. Early disease progression observed by PET scan in this study could be pseudo-progression as it did not correlate with poor outcome, which warrants further investigation. NCT03228836
Abstract LB-69: Targeting CK2 with small molecule CX-4945 modulates NF-kappaB, TP53 and cell survival in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (2010)

Abstract Objective: We previously identified CK2 as an upstream kinase activating NF-kappaB and modulating TP53 mediated signaling pathways. Up regulated CK2 activity is implicated in promoting the malignant phenotype and progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Here, we investigate the antitumor effects of CX-4945, a selective small molecule inhibitor of CK2. Design: The effects of CX-4945 on cell proliferation were measured by MTT assay in a panel of 9 University of Michigan squamous cell carcinoma (UM-SCC) cell lines. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was determined in vitro. CX-4945 inhibition of cell cycle and induction of cell death were measured by DNA flow cytometry. The effects of CX-4945 on the activity of NF-kappaB, BCL-XL, and TP53 promoters were tested by the chemiluminescent reporter gene assay. The anti-tumor activity of orally administered CX-4945 was evaluated in SCID mice bearing UM-SCC-11A xenografts. Results: The IC50 in 9 UM-SCC cell lines ranged from 3.4 µM to 11.7 µM. The UM-SCC-11A cell line used for in vivo studies had an IC50 of 4.07 µM in vitro. CX-4945 showed a concentration and time dependent cell cycle arrest in G1 and G2/M phases accompanied by a significant induction of sub-G0 cells indicating cell death. CK2 inhibition with CX-4945 downregulated the reporter activities of survival-promoting genes such as NF-kappaB and BCL-XL and up regulated the reporter activity of apoptosis-promoting gene TP53 in a concentration and time dependent manner. Furthermore, CX-4945 (75 mg/kg) showed significant tumor growth inhibition (31% (p&lt;0.05)) in UM-SCC-11A xenografts compared to the control group. Conclusions: Inhibition of CK2 via CX-4945 reveals anti-proliferative activity and modulation of NF-kappaB activation in HNSCC cell lines. In vivo studies show significant antitumor activity in a bortezomib-resistant HNSCC xenograft model. CK2 is an unexploited target in HNSCC and CX-4945 demonstrates the potential of a therapeutic agent with this novel mechanism of action for the treatment of head and neck cancers. (Supported by NIDCD intramural project ZIA DC-000016) Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-69.
Chaotic Behavior in Excitable Systems (1990)

This paper has dealt with biophysically accurate, or plausible, excitation systems. These are obtained from experiments, and so are complicated, often of high order, and are continually being updated by new experimental results. This is especially true for the excitation equations that represent cardiac tissue. Biophysically relevant problems require quantitatively accurate answers: What happens at what values of what parameter? Thus, numerical methods and results are important, and there is a strong tendency for both the model and the method of analysis to be given as computer algorithms; a current model for cardiac membrane dynamics is a computer package, and the use of path tracking procedures such as AUTO or PATH is becoming common. Perhaps the best way to proceed in the investigation of complicated and exotic dynamics in models of cardiac tissue would be to combine model formulation from voltage clamp data (the derivation of the excitation equations) with bifurcation, and even perhaps singularity theory analysis of dynamical systems, into an expert system.
Biomass Production and Nitrogen Uptake in Corn‐Ryegrass Systems (1997)

Abstract Cropping systems, plant growth stages, and applied N fertilizer rates all directly affect N uptake. A 2‐yr study was conducted to evaluate the effects of cropping system [monocrop corn ( Zea mays L.) and corn intercropped with annual ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum Lam.)] on dry matter (DM) production and distribution and on N uptake and allocation in the plants during the development of corn. Each of these corn systems was produced on a fine sandy loam (Typic Humaquept), using an application of 270 kg N ha −1 in each spring. Zero N (control) and conventional N rate (180 kg N ha −1 ) treatments were included for monocropped corn with conventional drainage. Plant tissues of all treatments were sampled at six‐leaf, tasseling, and mid‐grain filling stages, and after physiological maturity. In both years, DM production and N uptake of intercropped corn were lower than, or not different from, the monocropped corn (depending on growth stage). The total N uptake and DM production of the intercropping system (corn + ryegrass + weeds) were greater than those of the monocrop system. Application of 270 kg N ha −1 resulted in 20% less N recovery than 180 kg N ha −1 with monocropped corn production using free drainage. Both the corn‐ryegrass intercropping system and applied N rates altered the allocation of DM and N among different parts of the corn plants. The ryegrass and weeds were not able to take up enough of the extra N after the high N rate was applied for two consecutive years. The effect of precipitation on annual ryegrass growth was an important factor in N uptake by the intercropping system.