gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i>myo</i>‐Inositol Transport in Mouse Astroglia‐Rich Primary Cultures (1991)

Uptake of radiolabeled myo-inositol was studied in astroglia-rich primary cultures derived from neonatal mouse brains. The uptake was saturable in the presence of Na+ with a Km of 25 microM and a Vmax of 60 pmol.min-1.(mg protein)-1, suggesting a high-affinity transport system for myo-inositol in astroglial cells. In addition, a Na(+)-independent, nonsaturable component was found. Carrier-mediated uptake was not inhibited by cytochalasin B (50 microM), but was reduced by depolarizing concentrations of K+ and, to different extents, in the presence of phloretin, ouabain, or amiloride (1 mM each). scyllo-Inositol, glucose, and galactose also reduced myo-inositol uptake; inhibition by the two hexoses was not reversed in the presence of 0.4 mM sorbinil. On the other hand, uptake of 2-deoxyglucose was not inhibited by high concentrations of myo-inositol. Preincubation of the cells with glucose-free or inositol-free medium stimulated uptake of myo-inositol and preincubation with 25 mM glucose in the presence of 0.4 mM sorbinil had no effect on the rate of uptake. The results suggest that myo-inositol is taken up into the astroglial cells by a transport mechanism that is distinct from that of glucose and probably is an active one. Sorbitol pathway activity does not interfere with myo-inositol uptake.
Pulmonary hypertension in patients with pulmonary fibrosis awaiting lung transplant (2007)

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) may complicate idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) but the prevalence of PH in IPF remains undefined. The present authors sought to describe the prevalence of PH in IPF. The lung transplant registry for the USA (January 1995 to June 2004) was analysed and IPF patients who had undergone right heart catheterisation (RHC) were identified. PH was defined as a mean pulmonary arterial pressure ((Ppa)) > or =25 mmHg and severe PH as a (Ppa) >40 mmHg. Independent factors associated with PH were determined. Of the 3,457 persons listed, 2,525 (73.0%) had undergone RHC. PH affected 46.1% of subjects; approximately 9% had severe PH. Variables independently associated with mild-to-moderate PH were as follows: need for oxygen, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (P(pcw)) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV(1)). Independent factors related to severe PH included the following: carbon dioxide tension, age, FEV(1), P(pcw), need for oxygen and ethnicity. A sensitivity analysis in subjects with P(pcw) <15 mmHg did not appreciably alter the present findings. Pulmonary hypertension is common in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients awaiting lung transplant, but the elevations in mean pulmonary arterial pressure are moderate. Lung volumes alone do not explain the pulmonary hypertension. Given the prevalence of pulmonary hypertension and its relationship with surrogate markers for quality of life (e.g. activities of daily living), future trials of therapies for this may be warranted.
MANAGEMENT OF CYCLICAL MASTALGIA IN ORIENTAL WOMEN: PIONEER EXPERIENCE OF USING GAMOLENIC ACID (EFAMAST<sup>®</sup>) IN ASIA (1999)

Efamast may be recommended as a first-line specific treatment for Oriental women with disturbing cyclical mastalgia.
NEW TECHNOLOGIES FOR CONCRETE PAVEMENT CONSTRUCTION (2025)

New technologies for concrete pavement construction have been demonstrated on a 1750 m long access road to the freeway system in the Northern part of Jutland in Denmark during the autumn of 1995. The new technologies refer both to the cement treated granular base (ROADBASE) and to the concrete pavement itself. The latter being the result of a Brite-EuRam project "ECOPAVE". In the cement treated granular base 25 vol% of the materials are reused products which otherwise had to be landfilled. The reused products are old asphalt, low quality flyash and dust from cement kilns. Due to mechanical vibration a few days after paving, a system of microcracks have been established in the baselayer. For this reason no random cracking formed. The risk for reflective cracking in an overlaying asphalt- or concrete layer therefore is minimized. The concrete layer itself is constructed according to the ECOPAVE (ECOnomic PAVEment) principles. Active transverse cracks for every 1.5 m have been established within two days after paving, thus minimizing the crack widths and thereby eliminating the use of expensive dowels across the cracks. Due to the narrow crack width, load transfer is secured by interlocking between aggregates and rough crack surfaces. The 8.4 m wide, 120 mm thick, ROADBASE layer as well as the 8 m wide 200 mm thick ECOPAVE layer have been paved and totally compacted in full width only using an asphalt paver. The concrete was produced at a stationary concrete mixing plant. The mixing capacity equals a paving speed between 30 and 60 m/h. Even with a cement content as low as 260 kg/m3, and a content of microsilica of 20 kg/m3, the 28 days compressive cylinder strength is higher than 90 MPa. The concrete is freeze/thaw resistant, even in the presence of deicing chemicals though no air entrainment has been used.
Among the Blackberries (2001)

John Faulkner RHA (1835-1894) \nStudied at the Royal Dublin Society's School from 1848 and commenced exhibiting at the RHA in 1852. Left Ireland in 1870 "under circumstances which brought about his removal from membership of the Academy" (Strickland, Vol. II, p.340), but returned to exhibiting at the RHA in 1880, continuing to do so until 1887. (Whyte's)
Tulane University final report (2004)

The Frontiers in Reproductive Health (FRONTIERS) program is a 10-year cooperative agreement between the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and the Population Council in partnership with Family Health International and Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine. This report summarizes the main activities undertaken by Tulane University under its subagreement with the Population Council on the FRONTIERS project from 1998–2004. As a partner, Tulane furthered progress toward all three of the program’s intermediate results: contributing innovative interventions tested to improve reproductive health through the small grants program; helping research staff take a more proactive approach to promoting utilization; and capacity-building activities, developing a standard research protocol for systematic screening of services, and developing and facilitating a workshop on operations research for program managers. Through the internship program, selected Tulane students were provided opportunities to work on the design, implementation, and management of operations research reproductive health projects. Currently, Tulane University is considering adding a course on Introduction to Operations Research to its academic program in International Health and Development.
Protein requirements and ageing: metabolic demand and efficiency of utilization (1997)

The protein requirements of the elderly were investigated with [13C]leucine balance studies of metabolic demand, the efficiency of postprandial protein utilization (PPU) and the consequent apparent protein requirement. Ten elderly subjects aged 68-91 years (five men and five women) and ten young adult subjects aged 21-31 years (five men and five women) were infused with L-[1-13C]leucine for 9 h commencing in the postabsorptive state (0-3 h), continuing during the half-hourly feeding of low-protein meals (LP; protein 3% energy, 3-6 h), and during similar feeding of isoenergetic higher protein meals (HP; protein 15% energy, 6-9 h). Leucine oxidation and balance were determined from plasma [1-13C]-alpha-ketoisocaproate enrichment and expired 13CO2 excretion measured during the 3rd hour of each 3 h period. The protein intake during the HP phase was similar to the habitual intake estimated in the subjects from 24 h urinary N excretion. Metabolic demand was defined as equal to twice the body-protein equivalent of measured postabsorptive leucine oxidation. The efficiency of PPU was calculated from the increased leucine oxidation observed during feeding, and the apparent protein requirement was defined as metabolic demand/PPU and calculated in relation to both body weight (BW) and fat-free mass (FFM) determined by densitometry or bioimpedance. Metabolic demand in the young adults was 0.83 g protein/kg per d; in both elderly groups it was 36% lower when expressed per kg BW and 30% lower when expressed per kg FFM. The apparent protein requirement calculated from metabolic demand and PPU was 0.99 g protein/kg per d in the young adults and this was also lower in the elderly, although this was only significant in the men (0.66 g per kg BW, P = 0.013; 0.79 g per kg FFM, P = 0.02). The results show that in this group of healthy elderly adults protein requirements as assessed from leucine balance studies were either similar to or less than those of younger adults.
Canvas: An Intelligent Colour Selection Tool For VDU Images (2005)

CANVAS is a palette-driven system for colour selection in the density slicing of single-band imagery. By incorporating intelligence on the visual distinction and ordering of colours, the system can operate in several modes. Colours can be selected individually from the palettes or by the system, which maximises the apparent distinction between them. Colour series with unipolar, repeating unipolar and bipolar perspectives can also be created from end colours chosen from the palettes or defaults. Typical applications include the mapping of land cover classes and the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI).
Abscisic Acid Inhibition of Endosperm Cell Division in Cultured Maize Kernels (1990)

The response of developing maize (Zea mays L.) endosperm to elevated levels of abscisic acid (ABA) was investigated. Maize kernels and subtending cob sections were excised at 5 days after pollination (DAP) and placed in culture with or without 90 micromolar (+/-)-ABA in the medium. A decreased number of cells per endosperm was observed at 10 DAP (and later sampling times) in kernels cultured in medium containing ABA from 5 DAP, and in kernels transferred at 8 DAP to medium containing ABA, but not in kernels transferred at 11 DAP to medium containing ABA. The number of starch granules per endosperm was decreased in some treatments, but the reduction, when apparent, was comparable to the decreased number of endosperm cells. The effect on endosperm fresh weight was slight, transient, and appeared to be secondary to the effect on cell number. Mature endosperm dry weight was reduced when kernels were cultured continuously in medium containing ABA. Endosperm (+)-ABA content of kernels cultured in 0, 3, 10, 30, 100, or 300 micromolar (+/-)-ABA was measured at 10 DAP by indirect ELISA using a monoclonal antibody. Content of (+)-ABA in endosperms correlated negatively (R = -0.92) with endosperm cell number. On the basis of these studies we propose that during early kernel development, elevated levels of ABA decrease the rate of cell division in maize endosperm which, in turn, could limit the storage capacity of the kernel.
Expression of the mucosal lymphocyte integrin a<sup>E</sup>ß<sub>7</sub>and its ligand E-cadherin in salivary glands of patients with Sjögren's syndrome (1998)

The expression of the mucosal lymphocyte integrin alphaEbeta7 and its ligand E-cadherin was analyzed in sialadenitic lesions of patients with Sjögren's syndrome in order to assess the potential interactions between the mucosal and the systemic immunological compartments. Immunohistochemical evaluation of the inflammatory infiltrates in the salivary gland tissues in Sjögren's syndrome patients revealed presence of alphaEbeta7-integrin-expressing lymphocytes, in 18 of 20 biopsies examined. The ligand for alphaEbeta7, E-cadherin was also found in 18 of 20 salivary gland biopsies analysed. These results suggest homing of lymphocytes derived from the gut epithelium through the blood stream to inflamed salivary gland tissue followed by in situ interaction with E-cadherin expressing cells, the ligand for alphaEbeta7 expressing T lymphocytes.
Graph-based algorithms for comparison and prediction of household-level energy use profiles (2013)

We present an efficient graph-based algorithm for quantifying the similarity of household-level energy use profiles, using a notion of similarity that allows for small time-shifts when comparing profiles. Experimental results on a real smart meter data set demonstrate that in cases of practical interest our technique is far faster than the existing method for computing the same similarity measure. Having a fast algorithm for measuring profile similarity improves the efficiency of tasks such as clustering of customers and cross-validation of forecasting methods using historical data. Furthermore, we apply a generalisation of our algorithm to produce substantially better household-level energy use forecasts from historical smart meter data.
Facial landmark detection via cascade multi-channel convolutional neural network (2015)

This paper presents a novel cascade multi-channel convolutional neural networks(CMC-CNN) approach for face alignment. Several CNN are jointly used for the finally output. In our method, each stage CNN takes the local region around the landmarks as input, and each local patches does convolution separately, which can lead network to learn local high-level features. Then a fully connected layer is put to learn global information from these local features. Our methods has achieves the state-of-the-art results when tested on the 300 Face in-the-Wild(300-W) dataset.
Handwritten Courtesy Amount and Signature Recognition on Bank Cheque using Neural Network (2015)

Bank cheques are used not only in our country but also all over the world for financial transactions. Still now Bank cheques are processed manually everyday in both developed and developing countries. The proposed system presents a recognition system of both handwritten courtesy amount and signature .To read the courtesy amount and signature, the system uses the scanned image of Bank cheque. The proposed system divided into several stages that focus on: Image preprocessing; the detection of block of courtesy amount and signature; the post processing; the segmentation of string into characters; Feature extraction of courtesy amount and signature; Neural Network recognition. At first, scanned image is converted into gray image and then it is filtered. Then detection of the courtesy amount and signature is performed using image cropping method. The cropped images are post-processed to ensure correct recognition. Then courtesy amount is segmented using the segmentation method. The segmentation module has been implemented as a recursive process. Then segmented digit and binary image of signature are passed through the feature extraction process. A rotation, translation, scaling and orientation invariant feature extraction method has been used to extract the features of the input images based on moment feature extraction method. And finally, a back propagation learning algorithm is used to train up the network and tested the performance. Overall success rate of the system is tested in different sorts of numeral and the experimental result shows satisfactory performance.
Effective idle_timeout value for instant messaging in Software Defined Networks (2015)

In Software Defined Networks (SDN), each flow table entry is dedicated to an individual flow and has an idle timeout value associated with it. Due to limited flow table and controller processing resources, SDN suffers from scalability problem especially when dealing with a large number of flows. As Instant Messaging (IM) applications usually generate too many different flows and idle timeout has effect on the two limited resources, we try to obtain the effective idle timeout value for IM in this paper. Firstly, based on ON/OFF traffic model, we explore the effect of idle timeout on flow table and controller processing resources respectively, and then we define corresponding costs of the both resources. After that, we derive the lower and upper bounds of idle timeout value considering the constraints of limited flow table and controller processing resources. Furthermore, we formulate an optimization model to calculate the effective idle timeout for IM. At the end of this paper, we note that the simulation results are consistent with our theoretical analysis, which verifies the effectiveness of our model.
Letter from Secretary of Theodore Roosevelt to John C. Lohr 1912-03-27 (1912)

The Secretary of Theodore Roosevelt thanks John C. Lohr for sending Roosevelt a copy of those verses.
New In Vivo Animal Model to Create Intervertebral Disc Degeneration and to Investigate the Effects of Therapeutic Strategies to Stimulate Disc Regeneration (2002)

The results of this study suggest that disc degeneration can be induced by axial dynamic loading in the rabbit intervertebral disc. The compressed rabbit intervertebral discs were large enough for the application of local transmitters through a percutaneous approach. We anticipate that this animal model could be used as a basic model to study intervertebral disc degeneration and to investigate new local therapeutic strategies for maintaining disc health or initiating tissue repair.
α-Lipoic acid has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties: an experimental study in rats with carrageenan-induced acute and cotton pellet-induced chronic inflammations (2010)

α-Lipoic acid (ALA) has been termed the 'ideal' antioxidant, a readily absorbed and bioavailable compound capable of scavenging a number of free radicals, and it has been used for treating diseases in which oxidative stress plays a major role. The present study was designed to gain a better understanding for the positive effects of ALA on the models of acute and chronic inflammation in rats, and also determine its anti-oxidative potency. In an acute model, three doses of ALA (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) and one dose of indomethacin (25 mg/kg) or diclofenac (25 mg/kg) were administered to rats by oral administration. The paw volumes of the animals were calculated plethysmometrically, and 0·1 ml of 1 % carrageenan (CAR) was injected into the hind paw of each animal 1 h after oral drug administration. The change in paw volume was detected as five replicates every 60 min by plethysmometry. In particular, we investigated the activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and myeloperoxidase (MPx), and the amounts of lipid peroxidation (LPO) or total GSH in the paw tissues of CAR-injected rats. We showed that ALA exhibited anti-inflammatory effects on both acute and chronic inflammations, and a strongly anti-oxidative potency on linoleic acid oxidation. Moreover, the administration of CAR induced oedema in the paws. ALA significantly inhibited the ability of CAR to induce: (1) the degree of acute inflammation, (2) the rise in MPx activity, (3) the increases of GST and iNOS activities and the amount of LPO and (4) the decreases of GPx, GR and SOD activities and the amount of GSH. In conclusion, these results suggest that the anti-inflammatory properties of ALA, which has a strong anti-oxidative potency, could be related to its positive effects on the antioxidant system in a variety of tissues in rats.
Molecular Generation with Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) (2017)

The potential number of drug like small molecules is estimated to be between 10^23 and 10^60 while current databases of known compounds are orders of magnitude smaller with approximately 10^8 compounds. This discrepancy has led to an interest in generating virtual libraries using hand crafted chemical rules and fragment based methods to cover a larger area of chemical space and generate chemical libraries for use in in silico drug discovery endeavors. Here it is explored to what extent a recurrent neural network with long short term memory cells can figure out sensible chemical rules and generate synthesizable molecules by being trained on existing compounds encoded as SMILES. The networks can to a high extent generate novel, but chemically sensible molecules. The properties of the molecules are tuned by training on two different datasets consisting of fragment like molecules and drug like molecules. The produced molecules and the training databases have very similar distributions of molar weight, predicted logP, number of hydrogen bond acceptors and donors, number of rotatable bonds and topological polar surface area when compared to their respective training sets. The compounds are for the most cases synthesizable as assessed with SA score and Wiley ChemPlanner.
On High Performance MIMO Communications with Imperfect Channel Knowledge (2010)

This paper compares the performance of a MIMO system applying a Mismatched Maximum Likelihood Detector (MMLD) with that applying a Generalized Likelihood Ratio Detector (GLRD) in the presence of channel estimation errors. Two sources of error are considered: errors due to noise and errors due to time variations induced by Doppler effects. The MMLD relies on the available channel estimate whereas the GLRD combines the channel estimate with a block of received data and uses a joint channel-symbol estimation approach to solve for the transmitted symbols. The GLRD is shown to outperform the MMLD whenever errors in channel estimation are incurred and the performance gap depends on the amount of error. Furthermore, the GLRD provides a unified receiver structure which can also be applied to differentially encoded MIMO systems and to situation where no channel estimate is available as in blind MIMO. The improved performance of the GLRD comes with increased computational complexity. This problem is addressed through search efficient algorithms based on the branch-estimate-bound optimization framework. We analyze the performance of the GLRD and provide a tight upper bound on the BER of the system at high SNR. Simulation results are shown for a 2 × 2 MIMO system.
Optomechanical Systems Design (1981)

In this issue, we present a series of papers addressing, in a variety of ways, the general subject of optomechanical design. That this is an interdisciplinary subject has long been recognized by many of those scientists, designers, and engineers engaged in the evolution of optical instruments. Indeed, Donald H. Jacobs voiced his conviction on this matter way back in 1943 with the words, "In the design of any optical instrument, optical and mechanical considerations are not separate entities to be dealt with by different individuals but are merely two phases of a single problem."1
Two fourteenth-century pendants with the arms of Trublevile (1949)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Prefetching strategy in peer-assisted social video streaming (2011)

Online social network has emerged as the most popular approach for people to directly access multimedia contents. Among these contents, video sharing is a challenging task due to the demand on a large amount of uplink bandwidth at the dedicated server. We leverage a P2P paradigm to alleviate the server to distribute shared videos. By investigating traces obtained from a popular online social network in China, we observe that users' preferences can be predicted. We design a user preference guided prefetching strategy to reduce video startup delays, enabling smooth playback. Simulation experiments show that our design achieves high prefetch accuracy and short startup delay with conservative storage and bandwidth capacities at peers.