gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fraction of metastable<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mi>s</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mi>s</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi/></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow><mml:mi>S</mml:mi></mml:math>ions in fast He-like beams<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mi>Z</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>5</mml:mn><mml:mn/><mml:mo>–</mml:mo><mml:mn>9</mml:mn><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:math>produced in collisions with carbon foils (2002)

Auger spectroscopy has been used to measure the fraction of metastable $1s2s{}^{3}S$ ions in fast He-like B, C, N, O, and F beams produced in collisions with thin carbon foils as a function of both the incident energy in the range of $0.5--2 \mathrm{MeV}/u$ and the foil thickness in the range of $1--5 \ensuremath{\mu}{\mathrm{g}/\mathrm{c}\mathrm{m}}^{2}.$ The method used for determination of the metastable fraction is based on measurements of the electron emission from the doubly excited states of Li-like ions formed in collisions of primary beams with hydrogen and helium targets. Some differences were observed both in the energy dependence and the absolute value of metastable fractions for different beams. In particular, the metastable content in ${\mathrm{C}}^{4+}$ ions produced in carbon foils was found to be significantly lower than that of other investigated beams. The observed deviation has been explained on the basis of K-vacancy sharing, which is known to have the highest probability for symmetric collisions. A model recently proposed for the calculation of the metastable fraction in He-like beams has been used to predict the metastable fraction for ${\mathrm{B}}^{3+}$ ions leading to a good agreement with the experiment.
Performance of a fungal based SBR under pH extreme and shock phenolic exposure (2008)

An investigation was performed to explore the capabilities of a filamentous fungal biomass to grow non-aseptically in a glucose-fed Sequencing Batch Reactor system in very extreme environment (pH 3.5) conditions. Trichoderma viride Pers: Fr. Isolate 8/90 was used as inoculum. Microscopic investigations were carried out to confirm fungal dominance in the open culture. In batch tests, the fungal biomass showed a significant ability to grow and remove the applied organic load (2000 mg(Glucose) L(-1) d(-1)), with high biomass yields. Furthermore, the biomass showed an ability to resist gallic acid toxicity at high concentraions (1 g L(-1)) without any pre- exposure acclimation of the biomass. The biomass (about 2.5 g(VSS) L(-1)) demonstrated significant aerobic removal of gallic acid in a timeframe of 20 h from initial exposure. The robust characteristics of this SBR system demonstrate potential for future development of fungal based treatment for recalcitrant feedstocks or operation under extreme environmental conditions.
Ipoacusia a scuola: il contributo delle nuove tecnologie (2010)

Questo contributo presenta il progetto “Camminando Comunicando. Lo strumento multimediale per migliorare l’apprendimento di tutti”, il cui obiettivo principale e di studiare e sperimentare l’impiego di tecnologie informatiche per migliorare la scolarizzazione degli alunni ipoacusici. Il progetto si e sviluppato secondo tre fasi: progettazione, formazione e sperimentazione. Durante la prima fase, e stata realizzata una postazione computerizzata innovativa, la postazione bifronte, atta a favorire la partecipazione dell’alunno ipoacusico alle attivita didattiche. Inoltre, e stato creato un dvd contenente software educativi per questa tipologia di utenti. Durante la seconda fase, gli insegnanti coinvolti nel progetto sono stati addestrati all’utilizzo del materiale preparato. Durante la terza fase, la postazione bifronte e il dvd sono stati sperimentati con alcuni alunni ipoacusici. La sperimentazione ha dato ottimi risultati.
Synthesis and Suzuki–Miyaura cross coupling reactions for post-synthetic modification of a tetrabromo-anthracenyl porphyrin (2018)

The outstanding properties of porphyrins and the extreme versatility of their synthesis and their functionalisation constitute real assets for the fabrication of opto- and electroactive materials or for biological applications. In the large collection of porphyrinic structures, meso-substituted anthracenylporphyrins are among the less studied. Here, we synthesised the 5,10,15,20-tetra-bromoanthracenylporphyrin (BrTAP) and we investigated its chemical reactivity by post-synthetic modification using Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling reactions with a series of boronic acids to generate a collection of original tetra-anthracenyl porphyrin based molecules: tetraphenylanthracenylporphyrin (TPAP), tetratolylanthracenylporphyrin (TTAP), tetramethoxyphenylanthracenylporphyrin (TMPAP), tetranaphthylanthracenylporphyrin (TNAP) and tetrapyrenylanthracenylporphyrin (TPyAP). Optical characterisations of these modified porphyrins showed, in most cases, only emission of the porphyrin in the visible region with extinction of the fluorescence of PAHs in the UV or visible region.
The Extended LM method For Multiple Frequencies Micro-Doppler Radar for Human Heartbeat Sensing (2019)

Micro-Doppler radar is attracting attention as a technology to wirelessly sense small movement of human body such as heartbeat measurement. The off-the-shelf 24 GHz micro-Doppler radar can easily detect the human vital signals. To enhance the detection performance, many signal processing algorithms have been proposed. One of key issue for improving the detection performance is the DC-offset estimation of the micro-Doppler radar because the DC-offset has direct impact on the radar's movement estimation accuracy. This paper proposes a new accurate DC-offset estimation algorithm that is based on state-of-the-art multiple frequencies micro-Doppler radar.
Local Capsaicin Treatment of the Nasal Mucosa Reduces Symptoms in Patients with Nonallergic Nasal Hyperreactivity (1991)

Ten patients with nonallergic nasal hyperreactivity were selected from the outpatient department at the ENT clinic of the Karolinska Hospital. Traditional treatment had been ineffective. Local capsaicin treatment (30 μM solution) was performed on 3 consecutive days after careful nasal decongestion and local anesthesia with naphazoline and lidocaine. The treatment was evaluated using a diary where the patients were asked to score their subjective symptoms of nasal discharge, nasal blockage, and sneezing on a visual analogue scale. At the follow-up, the desensitization to local capsaicin application of the nasal mucosa was also tested. After 1 month the patients reported a 63% and 69% reduction of nasal blockage and nasal discharge respectively, which was parallel to a desensitization of the nasal mucosa to capsaicin. The results were similar after 3 months. After 6 months the patients had reverted to a score similar to that before the treatment. At this time the response of the nasal mucosa to capsaicin was normalized. In conclusion, capsaicin treatment of the nasal mucosa in patients with nonallergic nasal hyperreactivity induces a long-lasting reversible desensitization and a parallel subjective reduction of symptoms.
Flashover Voltage Characteristics of CO<sub>2</sub>/N<sub>2</sub>/SF<sub>6</sub> Gas Mixture under Uniform Field (2002)

This paper describes flashover voltage characteristics of CO2/N2/SF6 gas mixtures under uniform field, focusing on whether or not the flashover voltage can be increased by adding CO2 into N2/SF6 gas mixture as found under non-uniform field experiments. First, uniform field experiments are carried out by applying standard lightning impulse voltages to a parallel plane electrode while changing the gas pressure from 0.1 to 0.6MPa. It was found that flashover voltage of CO2/N2/SF6 gas mixture increases as much as a few to 10% as comparison with N2/SF6 gas mixture. Additionally, it was expected that dielectric strength of 60%CO2/30%N2/10%SF6 gas mixture is equal to that of SF6 at 0.5MPa when the gas pressure increases up to about 0.9 MPa. In order to confirm this expectation, flashover voltages of the gas mixture at 0.9MPa are investigated using practical size coaxial electrodes, and then flashover voltages among SF6, 90%N2/10%SF6 and 60%CO2/30%N2/10%SF6 gas mixtures are experimentally compared. As a result, positive VFO of 60%CO2/30%N2/10%SF6 gas mixture at 0.9MPa is almost same as negative VFO of pure SF6 at 0.5MPa. This result suggests that CO2/N2/SF6 gas mixture is superior to N2/SF6 gas mixture on withstand impulse voltage under uniform field as well as non-uniform field formed by a free particle or defects in GIS.
Q-switching Zirconia-Erbium-doped Pulsed Fiber Laser with MWCNTs-PEO as Saturable Absorber (2019)

Abstract Q-switched pulses provide a significant contribution to recent biomedical applications such as laser treatment, medical imaging, biomedical diagnoses and spectroscopy due to high efficiency, compact device, less footprint, flexibility and cost effective. A successful generation of Q-switching pulsed fiber laser by using a homemade fiber of zirconia-based erbium-doped fiber (Zr-EDF) with the utilization multi-walled carbon nanotubes-polyethylene oxide (MWCNTs-PEO) as saturable absorber is reported. The active medium is 1 meter length of Zr-EDF with -0.6 ps 2 group delay dispersion (GDD) for overall setup arrangement. At maximum pump power 126 mW, the repetition rate, pulse duration, output power and pulse energy are 17.3 kHz, 7.57 μs, 1.13 mW and 65.03 nJ, respectively.
Therapeutic and economic implications of traumatic dental injuries in Denmark: an estimate based on 7549 patients treated at a major trauma centre (2001)

Thus, treatment of traumatic dental injuries comprises an expensive part of the health services in Denmark.
Multi-Stacked Supported Lipid Bilayer Micropatterning through Polymer Stencil Lift-Off (2015)

Complex multi-lamellar structures play a critical role in biological systems, where they are present as lamellar bodies, and as part of biological assemblies that control energy transduction processes. Multi-lamellar lipid layers not only provide interesting systems for fundamental research on membrane structure and bilayer-associated polypeptides, but can also serve as components in bioinspired materials or devices. Although the ability to pattern stacked lipid bilayers at the micron scale is of importance for these purposes, limited work has been done in developing such patterning techniques. Here, we present a simple and direct approach to pattern stacked supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) using polymer stencil lift-off and the electrostatic interactions between cationic and anionic lipids. Both homogeneous and phase-segregated stacked SLB patterns were produced, demonstrating that the stacked lipid bilayers retain lateral diffusivity. We demonstrate patterned SLB stacks of up to four bilayers, where fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) and quenching was used to probe the interactions between lipid bilayers. Furthermore, the study of lipid phase behaviour showed that gel phase domains align between adjacent layers. The proposed stacked SLB pattern platform provides a robust model for studying lipid behaviour with a controlled number of bilayers, and an attractive means towards building functional bioinspired materials or devices.
Addition de photons par transfert d'énergie et absorption dans l'état excité dans les matériaux MClF: Sm+2 (M = Ba, Sr) (1986)

Sous excitation sélective par laser à impulsions dans le premier niveau métastable 5D0 de l'ion Sm+2 incorporé dans les matrices BaCIF et SrCIF avec des concentrations diverses (0,1 ‰, 1 ‰, 5 ‰), nous avons observé à 4,4 K les fluorescences anti-Stokes issues des niveaux supérieurs 5D1 et 5D 2, situés respectivement à 1 339 et 3 280 cm-1 au-dessus de 5D0. L'analyse de l'évolution temporelle de ces émissions montre l'intervention de deux mécanismes distincts : (i) une absorption à partir de l'état excité 5D0 clairement mise en évidence par une expérience de double excitation, (ii) une addition de photons par transfert d'énergie (A.P.T.E.) dont l'existence est suggérée par l'effet de la concentration. La compétition entre les deux mécanismes apparaît nettement lors de l'examen de l'influence de l'intensité et de la longueur d'onde de la radiation excitatrice sur le profil des déclins de fluorescence. La résolution numérique des équations de populations prenant en compte les deux processus permet de reproduire l'ensemble des résultats expérimentaux. L'évaluation des contributions relatives des deux mécanismes conduit à considérer que le transfert d'énergie peut être à l'origine de 70 % de l'intensité de la fluorescence anti-Stokes dans le matériau BaClF:5 ‰ Sm+2 à faible énergie d'excitation, cette proportion diminuant considérablement lorsque la puissance du faisceau excitateur augmente.
Multi-channel IIR filtering of audio signals using a GPU (2014)

In the audio signal processing field, multiple IIR filters are required in many applications. As an example, equalizing a Wave Field Synthesis system requires massive filter processing in real time. Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) are well known for their potential in highly parallel data processing. Up to now, the use of the GPUs for implementing IIR filters has not been clearly tackled in audio processing because of its feedback loop that prevents its total parallelization. However, using the Parallel form of IIR filters, this feedback is reduced, since every single sample is computed in a parallel way. This paper analyzes the performance of multiple IIR filters using GPUs and compares it with a powerful multi-core computer. The proposed GPU implementation can run up to 1256 concurrent IIR filters of order 256th in real time, which means 321,536 total filter order, with a latency time of 0.72 ms (sampling frequency of 44.1 kHz). This demonstrates that GPUs are well suited for computing massive IIR filtering.
Role of C and B clusters in transient diffusion of B in silicon (1996)

Transient diffusion of ion-implanted B is inhibited in the presence of high C or B concentrations, due to the formation of interstitial clusters stabilized by impurity atoms. Comparison between experiments and simulations suggests that the number of self-interstitials trapped per clustered impurity atoms is ≊1.15 for C and ∼1 for B, consistent with a volume compensation mechanism.
Cellular heterogeneity in normal human urothelium: an analysis of optical properties and lectin binding. (1986)

Flow cytometry was used to study the optical properties of normal urothelial cells in suspension. Narrow-angle light scatter, which is a function of cell size, defined one major and one minor cell population, and 90 degrees light scatter, a function of intracellular structure, showed three distinct cell populations. These properties were displayed as a 2-dimensional dot plot or "fingerprint" which proved to be characteristic and reproducible from one specimen of urothelium to the next. Cell sorting on the basis of these two parameters demonstrated that the small cells of the basal layer occupy the low narrow angle, low 90 degrees light-scatter region; the giant cells of the superficial layer lie in the high narrow angle, high 90 degrees scatter region; and the pyramidal cells of the intermediate layer lie in an intermediate zone. Studies of tissue sections using the galactose-specific, FITC-conjugated Maclura Pomifera lectin (MPA) demonstrated preferential binding to the superficial layers of intact urothelium. In order to quantify the apparent differences in lectin binding between the superficial and basal layers, urothelial cell suspensions were labeled with FITC-conjugated MPA and studied by flow cytometry. The resolution obtained on the basis of light scatter made it possible to quantify the difference in lectin binding to the three morphologically recognized cell types present in normal urothelium.
Inspection resistant memory (2012)

The ability to safely keep a secret in memory is central to the vast majority of security schemes, but storing and erasing these secrets is a difficult problem in the face of an attacker who can obtain unrestricted physical access to the underlying hardware. Depending on the memory technology, the very act of storing a 1 instead of a 0 can have physical side effects measurable even after the power has been cut. These effects cannot be hidden easily, and if the secret stored on chip is of sufficient value, an attacker may go to extraordinary means to learn even a few bits of that information. Solving this problem requires a new class of architectures that measurably increase the difficulty of physical analysis. In this paper we take a first step towards this goal by focusing on one of the backbones of any hardware system: on-chip memory. We examine the relationship between security, area, and efficiency in these architectures, and quantitatively examine the resulting systems through cryptographic analysis and microarchitectural impact. In the end, we are able to find an efficient scheme in which, even if an adversary is able to inspect the value of a stored bit with a probabilistic error of only 5%, our system will be able to prevent that adversary from learning any information about the original un-coded bits with 99.9999999999% probability.
Optimal cooperative spectrum sensing in cognitive sensor networks (2009)

This paper addresses the problem of optimal cooperative spectrum sensing in a cognitive-enabled sensor network where cognitive sensors can cooperate in the sensing of the spectrum. Such sensor networks are assumed to be power resource constrained. With a given threshold for the accuracy of the spectrum detection, we find the optimal number of cognitive sensors participating in the cooperative spectrum sensing and the optimal sensing interval that minimize the total energy consumption of the cooperative sensing. First, the mathematical lower bound and upper bound for the number of cooperative cognitive sensors are found. Then the optimization problem to minimize the total energy consumed by a group of sensors is presented. Finally, an efficient approximate solution to the optimization problem is proposed. Numerical calculations validate the accuracy and the performance of the proposed scheme. The impact of the noise uncertainty, the choice of the energy detection threshold, and the spectrum bandwidth on the detection accuracy and the minimum total energy consumption is also studied.
Mn Self-Diffusion in Single Grain Icosahedral<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>Al</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>70</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>Pd</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>21.5</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>Mn</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>8.5</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>Quasicrystals (1996)

The self-diffusivity of ${}^{54}\mathrm{Mn}$ in single grain icosahedral ${\mathrm{Al}}_{70}{\mathrm{Pd}}_{21.5}{\mathrm{Mn}}_{8.5}$ quasicrystals has been determined by a precision grinding technique. In the range from 870 to 1093 K the temperature dependence of the Mn self-diffusivity $D$ follows the Arrhenius equation with an activation energy $Q\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}(180.8\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}4.6)\mathrm{kJ}{\mathrm{mol}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ and a pre-exponential factor ${D}_{0}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}3.4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}{\mathrm{m}}^{2}{\mathrm{s}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. The experimental results are discussed together with diffusion mechanisms proposed for quasicrystals from theoretical considerations.
Reactions of coordinated ligands. XX. Cobalt(III)-promoted hydrolysis of glycine tert-butyl ester (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of coordinated ligands. XX. Cobalt(III)-promoted hydrolysis of glycine tert-butyl esterYu-Lin Wu and Daryle H. BuschCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1970, 92, 11, 3326–3332Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00714a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00714a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views151Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Determining conditional shortest paths in an unknown 3-D environment using framed-octrees (2002)

A conditional shortest path is a collision-free path of shortest distance which is computed from environmental information which is known at a given time. Based on the techniques of computational geometry, this paper proposes a novel cell decomposition approach for finding conditional shortest paths, in either the L/sub 1/ or L/sub /spl infin// metric, through an unknown 3D environment. The proposed based on a new data structure called the framed-octree, compute a distance transform using a spherical path planning wave. The proposed methods combine together the accuracy of 3D grid-based path planning techniques with the efficiency of octree-based techniques, hence having the advantages of both kinds of techniques and avoiding their disadvantages.
The Aerothermal Performance of a Cooled Winglet Tip in a High Pressure Turbine Cascade (2013)

The aerothermal performance of a winglet tip with cooling holes on the tip and on the blade surface near the tip is reported in this paper. The investigation was based on a high pressure turbine cascade. Experimental and numerical methods were used. The effects of the coolant mass flow rate are also studied. Because the coolant injection partially blocks the tip leakage flow, more passage flow is turned by the blade. As a result, the coolant injection on the winglet tip reduces the deviation of the flow downstream of the cascade due to the tip leakage flow. However, the tip leakage loss increases slightly with the coolant mass flow ratio. Both the computational fluid dynamics tools and experiments using the Amonia–Diazo technique were used to determine the cooling effectiveness. On the blade pressure side surface, low cooling effectiveness appears around the holes due to the lack of the coolant from the cooling hole or the lift-off of the coolant from the blade surface when the coolant mass flow is high. The cooling effectiveness on the winglet tip is a combined effect of the coolant ejected from all the holes. On the top of the winglet tip, the average cooling effectiveness increases and the heat load decreases with increasing coolant mass flow. Due to its large area, the cooled winglet tip has a higher heat load than an uncooled flat tip at engine representative coolant mass flow ratio. Nevertheless, the heat flux rate per unit area of the winglet is much lower than that of an uncooled flat tip. The cycle analysis is carried out and the effects of relative tip-to-casing endwall motion are address.