gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Smart Antennas for Battlefield Multimedia Wireless Networks with Dual Use Applications (1998)

Abstract : Work under this contract focused on algorithms for space time processing (STP) address the critical needs of the wireless battlefield network including high speed data, enhanced coverage and capacity, low power, and antijam capability. STP, also known as smart antennas, has application in battlefield multimedia distributed wireless networks and can readily be conformed to civilian mobile communications. Significant progress was made in the areas of space time channel modeling, space time receiver algorithms, and space time transmit algorithms. It was shown that smart antenna enabled systems are capable of improving performance in severe multipath environments, in the presence of co-channel interference, and with unknown or variable antenna geometry. Many of the proposed algorithms were ultimately demonstrated in a TDMA smart antenna testbed built at Stanford.
Binding of<sup>14</sup>C‐phosphatidylcholine to sodium chloride crystals (1970)

Abstract 14 C‐Phosphatidylcholine in benzene was found to bind to sodium chloride crystals. The magnitude of this binding was greatest when the crystal size was the smallest, namely when the crystals were prepared from frozen and lyophilized aqueous solution.
The use of hypersonic waveriders for aero-assisted orbital manoeuvring (1993)

The benefits of using a hypersonic waverider for spacecraft trajectory modification are presented. A waverider is a hypersonic vehicle specifically designed so that the undersurface bow shock is attached to the leading edge, which provides for the highest known lift-to-drag ratios achievable at high Mach number flight. Several viable space missions are suggested which could use such configurations for low-drag aero-assisted maneuvers in planetary atmospheres. It is shown that large changes in the spacecraft velocity vector can be accomplished with acceptably small losses in energy due to drag using a waverider aeroshell. The primary advantage of an aero-assist maneuver is suggested by comparison to a traditional gravity-assist trajectory. Some scaling laws are presented for comparing waveriders designed for different planetary atmospheres, and it is shown that the compositional differences between the terrestrial planets has a minimal impact on waverider design.
NCB-02 (standardized Curcumin preparation) protects dinitrochlorobenzene-induced colitis through down-regulation of NFκ-B and iNOS (2007)

Curcumin treatment ameliorates colonic damage in DNCB induced colitic rats, an effect associated with an improvement in intestinal oxidative stress and downregulation of colonic NFkappa-B and iNOS expression.
Spindle Dynamics and the Role of γ-Tubulin in Early<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>Embryos (2001)

gamma-Tubulin is a ubiquitous and highly conserved component of centrosomes in eukaryotic cells. Genetic and biochemical studies have demonstrated that gamma-tubulin functions as part of a complex to nucleate microtubule polymerization from centrosomes. We show that, as in other organisms, Caenorhabditis elegans gamma-tubulin is concentrated in centrosomes. To study centrosome dynamics in embryos, we generated transgenic worms that express GFP::gamma-tubulin or GFP::beta-tubulin in the maternal germ line and early embryos. Multiphoton microscopy of embryos produced by these worms revealed the time course of daughter centrosome appearance and growth and the differential behavior of centrosomes destined for germ line and somatic blastomeres. To study the role of gamma-tubulin in nucleation and organization of spindle microtubules, we used RNA interference (RNAi) to deplete C. elegans embryos of gamma-tubulin. gamma-Tubulin (RNAi) embryos failed in chromosome segregation, but surprisingly, they contained extensive microtubule arrays. Moderately affected embryos contained bipolar spindles with dense and long astral microtubule arrays but with poorly organized kinetochore and interpolar microtubules. Severely affected embryos contained collapsed spindles with numerous long astral microtubules. Our results suggest that gamma-tubulin is not absolutely required for microtubule nucleation in C. elegans but is required for the normal organization and function of kinetochore and interpolar microtubules.
Properties of Silicon Carbide (1995)

Basic physical properties optical and paramagnetic properties carrier properties and band structure energy levels surface structure, metallization and oxidation etching diffusion of impurities and ion implantation bulk and epitaxial growth contacts and junctions Schottky diodes, transistors and optoelectronic devices.
THEORY OF THE NEUTRON-AMPLIFIER REACTOR (1957)

The so-called neutron amplifier'' principle, in which two or more subcritical regions are permitted to interact through a rectifying'' neutron valve of moderator and thermal poison, has been proposed as a means of exciting a large subcritical power-generating region with a small, easily controlled source. An idealized system embodying this principle is investigated using a perturbation approach in two-group diffusion theory. This approach makes possible the evaluation of performance characteristics of the assembly in terms of the separate components. The salient features emerging from the analysis appear to be as follows: (A) The transmission of the rectifier in the backward sense cannot be neglected; its effect is an increase in the control requirements of the source region, (The gain per stage'' in a multi-stage amplifier is limited by the ratio of forward-to-backward transmission.) (B) Owing to the large moderator thickness required to attain a high forward-to-backward transmission ratio, the transmission in the forward sense is rather small. This condition is augmented by the intrinsically poor coupling of the transmitted neutrons to the fundamental mcde of the power region. Consequently, the power region must be operated quite close to critical if it is to generate more power than the source region, and the power split (or gain) is sensitive to small changes in reactivity of the power region. Analytical and numerical results are presented. (auth)
One-pot catalytic hydrocracking of raw woody biomass into chemicals over supported carbide catalysts: simultaneous conversion of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin (2011)

Using raw lignocellulosic biomass as feedstock for sustainable production of chemicals is of great significance. Herein, we report the direct catalytic conversion of raw woody biomass into two groups of chemicals over a carbon supported Ni-W2C catalyst. The carbohydrate fraction in the woody biomass, i.e., cellulose and hemicellulose, were converted to ethylene glycol and other diols with a total yield of up to 75.6% (based on the amount of cellulose & hemicellulose), while the lignin component was converted selectively into monophenols with a yield of 46.5% (based on lignin). It was found that the chemical compositions and structures of different sources of lignocellulose exerted notable influence on the catalytic activity. The employment of small molecule alcohol as a solvent could increase the yields of phenols due to the high solubilities of lignin and hydrogen. Remarkably, synergistic effect in Ni-W2C/AC existed not only in the conversion of carbohydrate fractions, but also in lignin component degradation. For this reason, the cheap Ni-W2C/AC exhibited competitive activity in comparison with noble metal catalysts for the degradation of the wood lignin. Furthermore, the catalyst could be reused at least three times without the loss of activity. The direct conversion of the untreated lignocellulose drives our technology nearer to large-scale application for cost-efficient production of chemicals from biomass.
Chondrogenic potential of subpopulations of cells expressing mesenchymal stem cell markers derived from human synovial membranes (2010)

In this study we analyzed the chondrogenic potential of subpopulations of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from human synovial membranes enriched for CD73, CD106, and CD271 markers. Subpopulations of human synovial membrane MSCs enriched for CD73, CD106, and CD271 markers were isolated using a cytometry sorter and characterized by flow cytometry for MSC markers. The expression of Sox9, Nanog, and Runx2 genes by these cells was measured by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. The chondrogenesis of each subpopulation was assessed by culturing the cells in a defined medium to produce spontaneous spheroid formation and differentiation towards chondrocyte-like cells. The examination of the spheroids by histological and immunohistochemical analyses for collagen type II (COL2), aggrecan, collagen type I (COL1), metalloprotease 13 (MMP13), and collagen type X (COLX) levels were performed to assess their chondrogenesis capacity. The adipogenesis and osteogenesis potential of each subpopulation was determined using commercial media; the resulting cells were stained with oil red O or red alizarin to test the degree of differentiation. The subpopulations had different profiles of cells positive for the MSC markers CD44, CD69, CD73, CD90, and CD105 and showed different expression levels of the genes Sox9, Nanog, and Runx2 involved in chondrogenesis, undifferentiation, and osteoblastogenesis, respectively. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that COL1, COL2, COLX, MMP13, and aggrecan were expressed in the spheroids as soon as 14 days of culture. The CD271(+) subpopulation expressed the highest levels of COL2 staining compared to the other subpopulations. CD105 and Runx2 were shown by immunohistochemistry and genetic analysis to have significantly higher expression CD271(+) subpopulation than the other subpopulations. Spheroids formed from CD271-enriched and CD73-enriched MSCs from normal human synovial membranes mimic the native cartilage extracellular matrix more closely than CD106(+) MSCs and are possible candidates for use in cartilage tissue engineering. Both cell types have potential for promoting the differentiation of MSCs into chondrocytes, presenting new possibilities for achieving intrinsic cartilage repair.
POSTOPERATIVE SURGICAL SITE INFECTION AND PROFILE OF MICROORGANISM IN ELECTIVE LAPAROTOMIES (2020)

Laparotomy is one of the most common surgical procedures done by a surgeon. It is performed both as elective and an emergency procedure. Laparotomy procedures are prone to post-operative complications such as pain, fever, wound infection, wound dehiscence, incisional hernia, etc. The rate of these complications depends on preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis, skin antisepsis, control of contamination and surgical skills. SSI is the most common health-care-associated infection and is a cause of one-third of post-operative deaths. A prudent antibiotic prophylaxis and post-operative antibiotic management should be done. For successful management knowledge is necessary regarding the possible pathogens and their antibiotic resistance patterns. The aim of the study is to find out the incidence of SSI in elective laparotomies and to find out the type of pathogenic organism causing wound infection. This prospective observational study was conducted on 180 patients who had undergone elective laparotomy after taking an informed consent.Asterile swab for culture and sensitivity was taken Pre-operatively from incision site and sent to laboratory for assessment with normal culture technique. Repeat swabs for culture and sensitivity was done for patients with post-operative wound infection. Patients were followed up for 1 month. Out of 180 cases incidence of the SSI was seen in 17 cases of elective laparotomy (9.4%). Out of 17 SSI swab specimens 2 (11.8%) were Gram positive involving CONS pathogen, 13 (64.7%) were Gram negative involving E. coli, K.pneumoniae and Pseudomonas (41.2%, 29.4%, 5.9%) while no growth was observed in 11.8% specimens. SSIs were unaffected by demographic or operative variables. Surgical site infections were instrumental in prolonging the duration of hospital stay. Tigecycline and colistin were found to be 100 % sensitive for all the pathogens.
Soluble biglycan: a potential mediator of cartilage degradation in osteoarthritis (2015)

High levels of sBGN was found in advanced OA and RA SF. sBGN activates chondrocytes mainly via TLR4, which results in net loss of cartilage. Thus, sBGN can be a mediator of OA cartilage degradation and also a potential biomarker for arthritis.
Diagnostic value of the Binax NOW assay for identifying a pneumococcal etiology in patients with respiratory tract infection. (2006)

High negative predictive values and high false-positive rates were found in both adults and children, indicating that a negative result may be more useful than a positive one in clinical practice. The high specificity of this test in adults indicates its potential value in the choice of initial antibiotic treatment by eliminating pneumococcal infection as a likely cause of respiratory tract infection in a proportion of patients.
A Novel Shunt Active Power Filter Based on Voltage Detection for Harmonic Voltage Mitigation (2007)

This paper presents a shunt active power filter (SAPF) based on voltage detection method to control harmonic voltage in a radial distribution feeder. The harmonic voltage distortion is suppressed by injecting appropriate harmonic currents into the system. The proposed voltage-detection SAPF has a novel multi-channel complex-gain controller, which is designed to improve system stability margins and to make the SAPF output tunable. The system model including both the proposed SAPF and a typical building distribution system is developed. Transfer functions in the s domain are derived for both SAPF and distribution components in multiple reference frames. Characteristics of the proposed SAPF in the system are then investigated. The computer simulation and experimental results verifies the analytical analysis.
Fractal-like model of porous silicon (2002)

A geometrical model of a porous silicon structure is proposed. The resulting size distribution spectra are analyzed by their relation to photoluminescence and Raman scattering. Both experimental data are investigated and compared to those results. The model well describes the presence of a low-energy part of the photoluminescence spectra with wavelength compatible to bulk crystalline silicon. Shapes and positions of Raman and photoluminescence lines are within the frames of model flexibility and indicate similar values of parameters, especially the minimal size of crystallites where Raman scattering and radiative recombination reveal the activity.
Vitamin C stability in encapsulated green West Indian cherry juice and in encapsulated synthetic ascorbic acid (2006)

Abstract Kinetic studies on the degradation of vitamin C and nonenzymatic browning of green West Indian cherry juice and synthetic ascorbic acid, encapsulated in maltodextrin DE20 and a mixture of this with gum arabic, were carried out at different temperatures (15, 25, 35 and 45 °C). Vitamin C degradation followed the first‐order and nonenzymatic browning a zero‐order kinetic model. At higher storage temperatures the formulation containing a mixture of maltodextrin and gum arabic (3:1) was the most effective for vitamin C protection. An increase in storage temperature showed a greater impact on the degradation of synthetic vitamin C than on that of the green West Indian cherry juice. These differences could be due to the presence of phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity, protecting the vitamin C. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry
CANADA: Designing nucleic acid sequences for nanobiotechnology applications (2009)

The design of nucleic acid sequences for a highly specific and efficient hybridization is a crucial step in DNA computing and DNA-based nanotechnology applications. The CANADA package contains software tools for designing DNA sequences that meet these and other requirements, as well as for analyzing and handling sequences. CANADA is freely available, including a detailed manual and example input files, at http://ls11-www.cs.uni-dortmund.de/molcomp/downloads.
Adaptive Regularization Parameter for Pseudo Affine Projection Algorithm (2009)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> An adaptive regularized affine projection (AR-AP) algorithm has recently been proposed in order to achieve good misalignment performance. However, the algorithm requires high computational complexity. To overcome this problem, we propose an adaptive regularized pseudo affine projection (AR-PAP) algorithm. Additionally, we derive the lower bound of the regularization parameter in order to guarantee the stability of the AR-PAP algorithm. Simulation results show that the performance of the proposed algorithm is better than that of the AR-AP algorithm despite its significantly lower complexity. </para>
CBTRUS Statistical Report: Primary Brain and Other Central Nervous System Tumors Diagnosed in the United States in 2013–2017 (2020)

The Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States (CBTRUS), in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and National Cancer Institute (NCI), is the largest population-based registry focused exclusively on primary brain and other central nervous system (CNS) tumors in the United States (US) and represents the entire US population. This report contains the most up-to-date population-based data on primary brain tumors (malignant and non-malignant) and supersedes all previous CBTRUS reports in terms of completeness and accuracy. All rates (incidence and mortality) are age-adjusted using the 2000 US standard population and presented per 100,000 population. The average annual age-adjusted incidence rate (AAAIR) of all malignant and non-malignant brain and other CNS tumors was 23.79 (Malignant AAAIR=7.08, non-Malignant AAAIR=16.71). This rate was higher in females compared to males (26.31 versus 21.09), Blacks compared to Whites (23.88 versus 23.83), and non-Hispanics compared to Hispanics (24.23 versus 21.48). The most commonly occurring malignant brain and other CNS tumor was glioblastoma (14.5% of all tumors), and the most common non-malignant tumor was meningioma (38.3% of all tumors). Glioblastoma was more common in males, and meningioma was more common in females. In children and adolescents (age 0-19 years), the incidence rate of all primary brain and other CNS tumors was 6.14. An estimated 83,830 new cases of malignant and non-malignant brain and other CNS tumors are expected to be diagnosed in the US in 2020 (24,970 malignant and 58,860 non-malignant). There were 81,246 deaths attributed to malignant brain and other CNS tumors between 2013 and 2017. This represents an average annual mortality rate of 4.42. The 5-year relative survival rate following diagnosis of a malignant brain and other CNS tumor was 23.5% and for a non-malignant brain and other CNS tumor was 82.4%.
The Impacts of Globalization on Environmental Struggles in a South African City (2000)

The 1994 election of Nelson Mandela to the presidency of South Africa signalled the end of the apartheid era, a transition to democracy, and the beginning of the global reintegration of South Africa after several decades of partial economic and political isolation.
Conjugate addition of RMgX to nitroarenes. A very useful method of alkylation of aromatic nitro compounds (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConjugate addition of RMgX to nitroarenes. A very useful method of alkylation of aromatic nitro compoundsGiuseppe Bartoli, Marcella Bosco, and Graziano BaccoliniCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1980, 45, 3, 522–524Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01291a031https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01291a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views532Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Decision Feedback Techniques for Interference Cancellation in PN Spread Spectrum Communication Systems (1984)

A new type of nonlinear interference canceller with applications in PN spread spectrum communication systems is described, and performance results are given. This interference cancelling technique can be implemented in a one stage or two stage form. Both forms are discussed, and their performance compared and related to that of linear interference cancellation methods. These results demonstrate that decision feedback techniques yield significantly improved performance relative to previously reported linear interference cancellation methods.
Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles using plants (2011)

In recent years, the development of efficient green chemistry methods for synthesis of metal nanoparticles has become a major focus of researchers. They have investigated in order to find an eco-friendly technique for production of well-characterized nanoparticles. One of the most considered methods is production of metal nanoparticles using organisms. Among these organisms plants seem to be the best candidates and they are suitable for large-scale biosynthesis of nanoparticles. Nanoparticles produced by plants are more stable and the rate of synthesis is faster than in the case of microorganisms. Moreover, the nanoparticles are more various in shape and size in comparison with those produced by other organisms. The advantages of using plant and plant-derived materials for biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles have interested researchers to investigate mechanisms of metal ions uptake and bioreduction by plants, and to understand the possible mechanism of metal nanoparticle formation in plants. In this review, most of the plants used in metal nanoparticle synthesis are shown.
Poly(acrylic acid)-Bearing Photoreactive Azido Groups for Stabilizing Multilayer Films (2009)

In this article, we have demonstrated a universal method for improving the stability of polyelectrolyte multilayer films by designing a photoreactive polyanion as the building block for layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly. By grafting an azido group into poly(acrylic acid), we synthesized a photoreactive polyanion, which can induce the photo-crosslinking between the azido group and polymeric backbone under UV irradiation. Our results show that after photocross-linking, the stability of the polyelectrolyte multilayer is greatly improved. Considering that the polyanion-bearing azido group is highly reactive, we have shown that it can be used to stabilize different LbL films. Moreover, by taking advantage of the different stability before and after UV irradiation, a patterned surface can be fabricated, which could be used as a template for selective adsorption.
The Scholarship of Risk, Hazards and Crisis (2010)

Abstract Paul J. Rich, President, Policy Studies Organization, discusses the importance of the systematic study of risk, hazards, and crisis in this new journal.