gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A pFET-access radiation-hardened SRAM for extreme environments (2008)

This paper presents the design of a 128 times 12 SRAM block with each SRAM unit containing 2 pFET access transistors and a precharge-to-ground system for the purpose of minimizing its layout feature size. By using these techniques, the feature size of the SRAM cell with guard rings was effectively reduced to 12.6 mum times 17.9 mum, incorporating IBM SiGe5AM 0.5 mum process in order to make the SRAM suitable for extremely low temperature environment. To improve the reliability, several radiation hardening techniques have also been applied: guard rings were designed to separate pFET and nFET regions of the SRAM cell to prevent potential latch-up, and an error-correcting code (ECC) was also included to correct soft errors caused by ionizing radiation. Cryogenic testing has been performed to verify the SRAM is able to operate correctly over a temperature range of 2 K to 297 K.
X-Ray Phase-Contrast Tomography of Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Damage (2014)

In conclusion GB-PCI with synchrotron radiation allows for non-destructive microstructural assessment of parenchymal kidney disease and vessel architecture. If translation to lab-based approaches generates sufficient density resolution, and with a time-optimized image analysis protocol, GB-PCI may ultimately serve as a non-invasive, non-enhanced alternative for imaging of pathological changes of the kidney.
Quantum Mechanical Calculation of Noncovalent Interactions: A Large-Scale Evaluation of PMx, DFT, and SAPT Approaches (2014)

Quantum mechanical (QM) calculations of noncovalent interactions are uniquely useful as tools to test and improve molecular mechanics force fields and to model the forces involved in biomolecular binding and folding. Because the more computationally tractable QM methods necessarily include approximations, which risk degrading accuracy, it is essential to evaluate such methods by comparison with high-level reference calculations. Here, we use the extensive Benchmark Energy and Geometry Database (BEGDB) of CCSD(T)/CBS reference results to evaluate the accuracy and speed of widely used QM methods for over 1200 chemically varied gas-phase dimers. In particular, we study the semiempirical PM6 and PM7 methods; density functional theory (DFT) approaches B3LYP, B97-D, M062X, and ωB97X-D; and symmetry-adapted perturbation theory (SAPT) approach. For the PM6 and DFT methods, we also examine the effects of post hoc corrections for hydrogen bonding (PM6-DH+, PM6-DH2), halogen atoms (PM6-DH2X), and dispersion (DFT-D3 with zero and Becke-Johnson damping). Several orders of the SAPT expansion are also compared, ranging from SAPT0 up to SAPT2+3, where computationally feasible. We find that all DFT methods with dispersion corrections, as well as SAPT at orders above SAPT2, consistently provide dimer interaction energies within 1.0 kcal/mol RMSE across all systems. We also show that a linear scaling of the perturbative energy terms provided by the fast SAPT0 method yields similar high accuracy, at particularly low computational cost. The energies of all the dimer systems from the various QM approaches are included in the Supporting Information, as are the full SAPT2+(3) energy decomposition for a subset of over 1000 systems. The latter can be used to guide the parametrization of molecular mechanics force fields on a term-by-term basis.
Coverage of DGPS/Radiobeacons (1992)

Differential GPS (DGPS)/radiobeacons are being deployed worldwide because they are a cost-effective way to broadcast DGPS corrections over relatively large areas to mobile marine users. They simply require the addition of a GPS reference station and a minimum shift keying (MSK) modulator to any existing marine radiobeacon. This paper describes the worldwide growth in the number of DGPS/radiobeacons, and it details an algorithm that estimates the coverage of an individual DGPS/radiobeacon. It also includes an appendix that addresses forward error correction and data compression for DGPS/radiobeacons.
Multi-agent learning and coordination algorithms for distributed dynamic resource allocation (2004)

The main problem addressed in this thesis is that of coordinated learning among multiple agents operating in a common environment. This general problem is motivated by a practical concern of distributed dynamic resource allocation among multiple agents with fluctuating demands for a common resource. Two examples of this problem are considered in this thesis: dynamic data or thread migration in computer networks and dynamic bandwidth sharing among multiple interacting wireless transmitters. 
In order to address the above problems, a new general multi-agent coordination framework is proposed—Spreading Impact Coordination (SIC), which is suitable for agents operating jointly in stochastic dynamic environments. In this framework, each agent receives a signal—partial information about the global situation, which it uses as a new state variable. The agent then learns to interpret and use this information in the context of its local state. This approach provides a dynamic balance between a fully centralized and a fully distributed control. 
Reinforcement learning (RL) is a standard framework for a single agent to learn optimal state-based policies in stochastic dynamic environments, and Q-learning is the most commonly used RL algorithm. As an alternative to Q-learning, this thesis presents a new reinforcement learning algorithm, Actor Critic Fuzzy Reinforcement Learning (ACFRL-2). ACFRL-2 extends Q-learning to domains with very large (and possibly continuous) state-action spaces, which arise in the wireless transmitter application domain. A convergence proof for ACFRL-2 is also presented. 
In order to test the effectiveness of the SIC framework in stochastic dynamic environments, two architectures are presented in this thesis: one combining SIC with Q-learning and one combining it with ACFRL-2. The first architecture has been applied to the problem of distributed dynamic load balancing in content distribution networks, and the second architecture has been applied to the problem of dynamic bandwidth sharing through power control in multiple interacting wireless transmitters. Both applications have shown very promising results, and their general nature indicates that the SIC framework in conjunction with the presented reinforcement learning algorithms can be successfully applied to a great variety of practical problems.
Immunohistochemical assessment of estrogen receptor distribution in the human endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle. (1984)

Monoclonal antiestrophilin antibodies (H226Sp gamma and H222Sp gamma) were used with an indirect immunoperoxidase technique to localize estrogen receptor in frozen sections of normal human endometrium. Estrogen receptor was detected in the nuclei of the vast majority of epithelial and stromal cells from all early, middle, and late proliferative phase endometria. However, middle and late secretory phase endometria showed a dramatic reduction in the amount of estrogen receptor localized. Specific staining for estrogen receptor in the functionalis of middle and late secretory phase endometria was weak and limited to nuclei of scattered epithelial and stromal cells. In contrast, strong staining for receptor was observed in epithelial cell nuclei of some glands in the basalis. The early secretory phase appeared to be a period of transition from the strong and ubiquitous staining for receptor characteristic of proliferative phase endometria to the weak, focal pattern of estrogen receptor localization characteristic of the functionalis from middle and late secretory endometria. Postmenopausal endometria showed consistently strong nuclear localization of estrogen receptor in epithelial and stromal cells. Myometrial smooth muscle cell nuclei also contained estrogen receptor. However, the endothelial cells of uterine vessels showed no localization of receptor. Specific staining for estrogen receptor was always limited to nuclei; no specific cytoplasmic staining was observed.
Target proteins of C/EBPαp30 in AML: C/EBPαp30 enhances sumoylation of C/EBPαp42 via up-regulation of Ubc9 (2007)

CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPalpha) is a critical regulator for early myeloid differentiation. Mutations in C/EBPalpha occur in 10% of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), leading to the expression of a 30-kDa dominant-negative isoform (C/EBPalphap30). In the present study, using a global proteomics approach to identify the target proteins of C/EBPalphap30, we show that Ubc9, an E2-conjugating enzyme essential for sumoylation, is increased in its expression when C/EBPalphap30 is induced. We confirmed the increased expression of Ubc9 in patients with AML with C/EBPalphap30 mutations compared with other subtypes. We further confirmed that the increase of Ubc9 expression was mediated through increased transcription. Furthermore, we show that Ubc9-mediated enhanced sumoylation of C/EBPalphap42 decreases the transactivation capacity on a minimal C/EBPalpha promoter. Importantly, overexpression of C/EBPalphap30 in granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-stimulated human CD34(+) cells leads to a differentiation block, which was overcome by the siRNA-mediated silencing of Ubc9. In summary, our data indicate that Ubc9 is an important C/EBPalphap30 target through which C/EBPalphap30 enhances the sumoylation of C/EBPalphap42 to inhibit granulocytic differentiation.
New and old trends for treating organ-specific autoimmune endocrinopathies (1995)

Autoimmune diseases affect up to 10% of the population. These diseases may be organ specific (e.g. thyroiditis) or non-organ specific (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis). Immunemediated damage to endocrine cells represents a major fraction of the organ-specific autoimmune diseases, including insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Addison's disease due to adrenalitis. These endocrinopathies are probably due to environmental factors operating in genetically susceptible individuals to induce a destructive process (Leshin et al. 1985). The destructive process is believed to be mediated by T-lymphocytes (Birk & Cohen 1993) although other immune effector systems such as macrophages and cytokines may also be important (Brennan & Feldman 1992). Intervention with immunotherapy has been considered either to ameliorate the clinical disease in its early stage or even to prevent the disease developing (Pozzilli et al. 1992). Immunotherapy could be specifically targeted at immune effector systems or it could involve non-specific immunomodulation (Adorini et al. 1990).
A Facile Method for the Production of <scp>d</scp>-<i>p</i>-Hydroxyphenylglycine. Asymmetric Transformation of <scp>Dl</scp>-<i>p</i>-Hydroxyphenylglycine Using (+)-1-Phenylethanesulfonic Acid (1987)

Abstract A practical method for the production of d-p-hydroxyphenylglycine, useful as a starting material for preparing semisynthetic penicillins or cephalosporins, has been developed. The diastereomeric salts of Dl-p-hydroxyphenylglycine with (+)-1-phenylethanesulfonic acid as a resolving agent, were efficiently resolved into less soluble d-p-hydroxyphenylglycine (+)-1-phenylethanesulfonate [d-HPG·(+)-PES] and soluble l-HPG·(+)-PES by the fractional crystallization of its salts in aqueous solution. The soluble l-HPG·(+)-PES could be easily epimerized into Dl-HPG·(+)-PES by heating it with water containing a 0.1 molar equivalent of free Dl-HPG in an autoclave. When the fractional crystallization of Dl-HPG with (+)-PES was simultaneously carried out under the epimerizing conditions, the Dl-HPG·(+)-PES was transformed into d-HPG·(+)-PES in up to 90% yield. The present asymmetric transformation should be a suitable method for preparing d-HPG in a large scale.
Antimicrobial resistance in livestock (2003)

Antimicrobial resistance may become a major problem in veterinary medicine as a consequence of the intensive use and misuse of antimicrobial drugs. Related problems are now arising in human medicine, such as the appearance of multi-resistant food-borne pathogens. Product characteristics, dose, treatment interval and duration of treatment influence the selection pressure for antimicrobial drug resistance. There are theoretical, experimental and clinical indications that the emergence of de novo resistance in a pathogenic population can be prevented by minimizing the time that suboptimal drug levels are present in the infected tissue compartment. Until recently, attention has been focused on target pathogens. However, it should be kept in mind that when antimicrobial drugs are used in an individual, resistance selection mainly affects the normal body flora. In the long term, this is at least equally important as resistance selection in the target pathogens, as the horizontal transfer of resistance genes converts almost all pathogenic bacteria into potential recipients for antimicrobial resistance. Other factors contributing to the epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance are the localization and size of the microbial population, and the age, immunity and contact intensity of the host. In livestock, dynamic herd-related resistance patterns have been observed in different animal species.
Characterization of microholograms recorded in a thermoplastic medium for three-dimensional optical data storage (2005)

A three-dimensional optical data storage system that combines a new recording material with a microholographic data format in which data are stored as single-bit microholograms is presented. This format offers less sensitivity to environmental conditions than the page-based holographic approach in addition to an increased compatibility with current storage technologies. The new recording material is based on a thermoplastic material. The results presented indicate that the dimensions of the microholograms are larger than those calculated by use of simple laser beam waist approximations and that multiple layers of microholograms would significantly affect signal levels. Data densities achievable with the microholographic format will likely be limited by those effects.
Ultrasound measurement of vertebral rotation in idiopathic scoliosis (1989)

Ultrasound can be used to outline the spinous processes and the laminae, and thus to measure axial rotation. Using our own technique, we measured vertebral rotation in 47 patients with idiopathic scoliosis. There was a strong linear relationship between the Cobb angle and the rotation of the apical vertebra in untreated patients, but this relationship was lost in patients who had had brace treatment. Vertebral rotation can easily be measured by ultrasound. This is a harmless and fairly rapid investigation which can be used at routine follow-up examination of patients with idiopathic scoliosis.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND REARRANGEMENT OF α‐ARYLAMINOMETHYLACRYLIC ESTERS (1978)

Abstract Die Umsetzung von Anilinen (I) mit 3‐Brom‐2‐brommethyl‐propionsäureester (II) in siedendem Acetonitril in Gegenwart von Kaliumcarbonat führt zu α‐Arylaminomethyl‐acrylsäureestern (III), die nicht nach Claisen umgelagert werden konnten.
Recent Advances in Broad-Band VHF and UHF Transmission Line Methods for Moisture Content and Dielectric Constant Measurement (1979)

Recent advances in VHF and UHF transmission line methods for determining either the complex permittivity or moisture content of bulky or film-like materials, or the thickness of film-like materials are discussed. These methods include TDR, CW phase, and |S21| transmission methods and employ a time-domain reflectometer (TDR), a vector voltmeter, and a network analyzer, respectively. Each technique involves monitoring the change of the transmission line parameters of a balanced open line, or of an unbalanced coaxial transmission line, when loaded with the material under test. Particular attention is given to the frequency range 10 to 1000 MHz and to broad-band methods. Experimental results are presented for several common materials, viz. concrete, asphalt, Plexiglas, moist paper, and moist soil.
Part II. The Significance of Urinary Reaction in Psychotic Subjects (1928)

In the normal subject the reaction of the urine denotes the tendency to reaction change of the blood and organism—a tendency which is adjusted by the respiratory mechanisms. To maintain a constant blood pH and CO 2 /NaHCO 3 , the kidney retains or rejects base and the lungs increase or decrease acid (C02) output, these compensatory processes being interdependent. With a definite relationship between urinary acidity, blood alkali reserve and alveolar air CO 2 tension the ratios are maintained. Urinary reaction represents the acid or alkaline “pressure”on the organism. The reaction of the blood and tissues depends on the adequacy of respiratory adjustment: in fact, as Henderson says, “low pH (acidity) in a fluid buffered like blood can never be due immediately to any other cause than relatively depressed breathing.”
Microelectromechanical Systems and Neurosurgery: A New Era in a New Millennium (2001)

MICROMACHINES AND MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS (MEMS) are terms that are new to neurosurgeons but certain to become “household terms” in neurosurgery in the near future. These new terms serve as an introduction to a new world of sensors, actuators, and “smart systems” that will change the ways in which neurosurgeons interact with their environment. Through the use of microelectronics and micromachining technologies, MEMS will allow neurosurgeons to perform familiar tasks with greater precision, perform tasks that previously were not done at all, and monitor physiological and biochemical parameters more accurately and with greater safety. This review provides the information necessary to understand the fundamental concepts of MEMS and their application to the neurosurgical arena. It defines the relevant terms and describes the history behind the “micromachine revolution,” the capabilities and limitations of MEMS technology, and how this revolution is germane to neurosurgery and to neurosurgeons.
Inhibitors of adenosine diphosphate ribosyl transferase suppress the induction of ornithine decarboxylase (1989)

Conference Article| April 01 1989 Inhibitors of adenosine diphosphate ribosyl transferase suppress the induction of ornithine decarboxylase DESMOND B. JOHNSON; DESMOND B. JOHNSON *Preventive Medicine Institute/Strang Clinic, 55 East 34 Street, New York, NY 10016, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar MELVIN M. MARKOWITZ; MELVIN M. MARKOWITZ *Preventive Medicine Institute/Strang Clinic, 55 East 34 Street, New York, NY 10016, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar RONALD W. PERO; RONALD W. PERO *Preventive Medicine Institute/Strang Clinic, 55 East 34 Street, New York, NY 10016, U.S.A.†University of Lund, Division of Molecular Ecogenetics, Wallenberg Laboratory, Box 7031, 220 07 Lund 7, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar PHILIP E. JOSEPH; PHILIP E. JOSEPH *Preventive Medicine Institute/Strang Clinic, 55 East 34 Street, New York, NY 10016, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar DANIEL G. MILLER DANIEL G. MILLER *Preventive Medicine Institute/Strang Clinic, 55 East 34 Street, New York, NY 10016, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and article information Publisher: Portland Press Ltd Received: September 30 1988 Online ISSN: 1470-8752 Print ISSN: 0300-5127 © 1989 Biochemical Society1989 Biochem Soc Trans (1989) 17 (2): 405–406. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0170405 Article history Received: September 30 1988 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation DESMOND B. JOHNSON, MELVIN M. MARKOWITZ, RONALD W. PERO, PHILIP E. JOSEPH, DANIEL G. MILLER; Inhibitors of adenosine diphosphate ribosyl transferase suppress the induction of ornithine decarboxylase. Biochem Soc Trans 1 April 1989; 17 (2): 405–406. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0170405 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: ODC, ornithine decarboxylase, ADPRT, adenosine diphosphate ribosyl transferase, PHA, phytohaemagglutinin This content is only available as a PDF. © 1989 Biochemical Society1989 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Perfect reconstruction integer-modulated filter banks (2002)

We present design methods for perfect reconstruction (PR) integer-modulated filter banks, including biorthogonal (low-delay) filter banks. Both the prototype filter and the modulation sequences are composed of integers, thus allowing efficient hardware implementations. To derive such filter banks, we first extend the PR conditions known for cosine modulation to other, more general, modulation schemes. We present solutions where the PR conditions on the prototype and the modulation are entirely decoupled and where some simple coupling is introduced. The conditions are derived for both even and odd numbers of channels. Design examples are presented for both cases.
Polarized triple-collinear splitting functions at NLO for processes with photons (2015)

We compute the polarized splitting functions in the triple collinear limit at next-to-leading order accuracy (NLO) in the strong coupling αS, for the splitting processes $$ \gamma\ \to q\overline{q}\gamma $$ , $$ \gamma\ \to q\overline{q}g $$ and $$ g\to q\overline{q}\gamma $$ . The divergent structure of each splitting function was compared to the predicted behaviour according to Catani’s formula. The results obtained in this paper are compatible with the unpolarized splitting functions computed in a previous article. Explicit results for NLO corrections are presented in the context of conventional dimensional regularization (CDR).
Tyrosinase inhibition: Conformational analysis based studies on molecular dynamics calculations of bipiperidine based inhibitors (2005)

Two series of variably N-substituted biperidines were synthesized by condensing various acid chlorides, alkyl halides and anhydrides with 1,4-bipiperidine. The new compounds were tested as tyrosinase inhibitors and a structure-activity relationship (SAR) study was carried out. Potent inhibition was observed in the case of the 4'-methylbenzyl substitution on this atom (IC50 = 1.72 microM) with this compound being a lead for future drug design. Additionally, calculations of the important QSAR molecular descriptors were done on the biperidine analogues after their 2 ps molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using molecular mechanics force field (MMFF) approaches. Using MD simulations potential and total energies were calculated for the energy minimized models of bipiperidine and the most active analogs 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 and 10.