gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polar Nematic Phase in Lyotropic Solutions of Poly(γ-benzyl glutamate) and Its Temperature Instability As Detected by SHG Measurement (2008)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUECommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTPolar Nematic Phase in Lyotropic Solutions of Poly(γ-benzyl glutamate) and Its Temperature Instability As Detected by SHG MeasurementChu-Chun Yen*, Yoshiaki Taguchi, Masatoshi Tokita, and Junji WatanabeView Author Information Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan* To whom correspondence should be addressed: e-mail [email protected]Cite this: Macromolecules 2008, 41, 8, 2755–2758Publication Date (Web):April 1, 2008Publication History Received28 January 2008Revised14 March 2008Published online1 April 2008Published inissue 1 April 2008https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma800208yhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma800208yrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2008 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views427Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Chromatography,Molecules,Nonlinear optics,Peptides and proteins,Phase transitions Get e-Alerts
Treatment of severe acne with isotretinoin in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (1990)

Four patients with inflammatory bowel disease and severe cystic acne were treated with isotretinoin. Two patients had a successful course of treatment without any gastrointestinal side-effects. One patient had two episodes of profuse rectal bleeding that were probably related to pre-existing haemorrhoids. The fourth patient had a flare-up of his Crohn's disease after starting isotretinoin.
Highly sensitive and broadband carbon nanotube radio-frequency single-electron transistor (2008)

We have investigated radio-frequency single-electron transistor operation of single-walled carbon nanotube quantum dots in the strong tunneling regime. At a temperature of 4.2 K and with a carrier frequency of 754.2 MHz, we reach a charge sensitivity of 2.3×10−6e/Hz over a bandwidth of 85 MHz. Our results indicate a gain-bandwidth product of 3.7×1013 Hz(3/2)/e, which is by one order of magnitude better than those for typical radio-frequency single-electron transistors.
Design and construction methodology of 96 GHz FMCW millimeter-wave radar based on radio-over-fiber and optical frequency doubler (2015)

To detect small debris on the airport surface, the optically-connected distributed-type 96 GHz millimeter-wave radar system, which is based on radio-over-fiber (RoF) technology and an optical fiber network, has been proposed and developed. Such foreign object debris (FOD) is required to be removed immediately. The distributed-type radar system enables the improvement of both the FOD detection and cost performance. In this paper, design and construction methodology of the 96 GHz frequency-modulated continuous wave radar system based on the RoF and optical frequency doubler is discussed. The architecture of the millimeter-wave radar system, which is designed to enable a long distance RoF transmission, is demonstrated. In addition, the effectiveness of the high-speed signal processing circuit inside the central unit is evaluated at an actual airport.
Multi-planar amorphous silicon photonics with compact interplanar couplers, cross talk mitigation, and low crossing loss (2017)

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a photonic routing architecture that can efficiently utilize the space of multi-plane (3D) photonic integration. A wafer with three planes of amorphous silicon waveguides was fabricated and characterized, demonstrating &lt;3×10−4 dB loss per out-of-plane waveguide crossing, 0.05±0.02 dB per interplane coupler, and microring resonators on three planes with a quality factors up to 8.2×104. We also explore a phase velocity mapping strategy to mitigate the cross talk between co-propagating waveguides on different planes. These results expand the utility of 3D photonic integration for applications such as optical interconnects, neuromorphic computing and optical phased arrays.
Ag/sub 9/TlTe/sub 5/ and AgTlTe: high ZT materials with extremely low thermal conductivity (2005)

We have studied the thermoelectric properties Ag/sub 9/TlTe/sub 5/ and AgTlTe. The thallium compounds have extremely low thermal conductivities around 0.25 Wm/sup -1/K/sup -1/ from room temperature to about 700 K. The thallium compounds indicate very high ZT values; especially the highest ZT value of Ag/sub 9/TlTe/sub 5/ is 1.23 obtained at 700 K. Ag/sub 9/TlTe/sub 5/ is a unique material combining extremely low thermal conductivity and relatively low electrical resistivity.
Social Semantics and Its Evaluation by Means of Semantic Relatedness and Open Topic Models (2009)

This paper presents an approach using social semantics for the task of topic labelling by means of Open Topic Models. Our approach utilizes a social ontology to create an alignment of documents within a social network. Comprised category information is used to compute a topic generalization. We propose a feature-frequency-based method for measuring semantic relatedness which is needed in order to reduce the number of document features for the task of topic labelling. This method is evaluated against multiple human judgement experiments comprising two languages and three different resources. Overall the results show that social ontologies provide a rich source of terminological knowledge. The performance of the semantic relatedness measure with correlation values of up to .77 are quite promising. Results on the topic labelling experiment show, with an accuracy of up to .79, that our approach can be a valuable method for various NLP applications.
ChemInform Abstract: NEW THIOPHENE SYNTHESIS METHOD (1981)

Abstract Dibutyldisulfid (I) pyrolysiert im Quarzrohr im Stickstoffstrom in 50%iger Ausbeute zu Thiophen (II).
Nuclear Design Basis Method for Managing Critical Operations Design Content (2009)

Designing new plants, clear requirements and efficient processes should translate nuclear designs clearly into operations. Methods that improve translation benefit operations lowering risk, complementing safety and cost performance. Nuclear plant designs develop specifications that assure design integrity from construction into operations throughout plant life. With the certified design at startup, all plants should have (1) scheduled operations monitoring and maintenance plans; (2) developed by qualified engineers; and (3) based on engineering due diligence, equivalent to airline certified operations plans. Although existing rules apply requirements, tort laws have always required operating plans for products.
Elaboration and study of mechanically alloyed O.D.S. ferritic stainless steel (1993)

O.D.S. ferritic stainless steel has been elaborated by mechanical alloying from elemental powders and fully characterized by SEM, TEM, EDS and XRD. Macroscopic and microstructural evolutions of the material have been determined as a function of milling time. It has been observed that the changes in composition and structure are dramatic up to 40 milling hours. For higher milling durations, the powder characteristics are nearly unchanged. Two kinds of reinforcing dispersoids have been identified by TEM on HIP compacted powders : titanium compounds (50-200 nm) in the grain boundaries and complex yttrium oxide nanometer sized particles inside the grains.
Considerations on the folding topology and evolutionary origin of cadherin domains. (1995)

Cell-cell adhesion in zonula adherens and desmosomal junctions is mediated by cadherins, and recent crystal structures of the first domain from murine N-cadherin provide a plausible molecular basis for this adhesive action. A structure-based sequence analysis of this adhesive domain indicates that its fold is common to all extracellular cadherin domains. The cadherin folding topology is also shown to be similar to immunoglobulin-like domains and to other Greek-key beta-sandwich structures, as diverse as domains from plant cytochromes, bacterial cellulases, and eukaryotic transcription factors. Sequence similarities between cadherins and these other molecules are very low, however, and intron patterns are also different. On balance, independent origins for a favorable folding topology seem more likely than evolutionary divergence from an ancestor common to cadherins and immunoglobulins.
Soft Tissue Infection Around a Skin Penetrating Osseointegrated Implant: A Case Report (1987)

A case is reported where a female patient with bilateral otosclerosis received a bone-anchored and skin-penetrating titanium implant on which a hearing aid was mounted to improve conductive hearing loss. The patient developed an infection that did not cease despite intensive local treatment and skin-grafting. Eventually the implant was removed. The histological examination of the interface between implant and surrounding bone and soft tissues showed an inflammatory reaction in the superficial parts of the soft tissues whereas the deeper portions of the soft tissues and all of the bone tissue were free of inflammation. It is concluded that it is possible to maintain osseointegration in spite of an aggressive soft tissue infection around the implant.
AMIRAS—An Airborne MIRAS Demonstrator (2008)

This paper describes AMIRAS, an airborne demonstrator of the Microwave Imaging Radiometer with Aperture Synthesis, which is the instrument onboard ESA's Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission. The main electrical, mechanical, thermal, and control elements of the demonstrator are shown, together with its capabilities and performances as demonstrator of the spaceborne instrument. AMIRAS main tests inside an anechoic chamber, field ground experiments, and its first two maiden flights are reported, and some results of these tests are highlighted. AMIRAS will further be used in some calibration and validation campaigns of the SMOS mission.
Demand–supply of neurointerventionalists for endovascular ischemic stroke therapy (2013)

Fiorella and Cloft and authors Zaidat et al. discuss the impending oversupply of neurointerventionalists and echo debates ongoing in many medical subspecialties, namely, how to construct barriers to decrease the number of people entering a field.Between 2005 and 2007, the United Council of Neurologic Subspecialties created 7 new board examinations, complete with rigid application requirements.It is hard not to view these barriers as potentially self-serving.Many of the people initiating additional fellowships and new board examinations have managed well in their fields without those hurdles.While it is difficult to argue against more education, these requirements have a time and financial cost for trainees (and their departments) and could contribute to fragmentation within the field.
Sleep and the Time Course of Motor Skill Learning (2003)

Growing evidence suggests that sleep plays an important role in the process of procedural learning. Most recently, sleep has been implicated in the continued development of motor-skill learning following initial acquisition. However, the temporal evolution of motor learning before and after sleep, the effects of different training regimens, and the long-term development of motor learning across multiple nights of sleep remain unknown. Here, we report data for subjects trained and retested on a sequential finger-tapping task across multiple days. The findings demonstrate firstly that following initial training, small practice-dependent improvements are possible before, but not following the large practice-independent gains that develop across a night of sleep. Secondly, doubling the quantity of initial training does not alter the amount of subsequent sleep-dependent learning that develops overnight. Thirdly, the amount of sleep-dependent learning does not correlate with the amount of practice-dependent learning achieved during training, suggesting the existence of two discrete motor-learning processes. Finally, whereas the majority of sleep-dependent motor-skill learning develops during the first night of sleep following training, additional nights of sleep still offer continued improvements.
Synthesis and Properties of a New Class of Potential Biomedical Polymers (1970)

Abstract Both low molecular weight compounds and some polyelectrolytes containing quaternary nitrogen atoms in their structure have been known for some time to possess important biological activity. Aliphatic ammonium compounds are used as bacteriocides and muscle relaxants, and quinolinium compounds have recently been found to be excellent antileukemic agents. In addition, a considerable amount of evidence has been accumulated to show that organic ammonium salts combine with heparin, and the resulting complex may be used as a coating to render polymers blood-compatible. However, the introduction of ammonium groups into the backbone of a polymer exhibiting good mechanical properties offers certain advantages.
Absolute Geodetic Rotation Measurement Using Atom Interferometry (2011)

We demonstrate a cold-atom interferometer gyroscope which overcomes accuracy and dynamic range limitations of previous atom interferometer gyroscopes. We show how the instrument can be used for precise determination of latitude, azimuth (true north), and Earth's rotation rate. Spurious noise terms related to multiple-path interferences are suppressed by employing a novel time-skewed pulse sequence. Extended versions of this instrument appear capable of meeting the stringent requirements for inertial navigation, geodetic applications of Earth's rotation rate determination, and tests of general relativity.
Visual Question Answering as Reading Comprehension (2019)

Visual question answering (VQA) demands simultaneous comprehension of both the image visual content and natural language questions. In some cases, the reasoning needs the help of common sense or general knowledge which usually appear in the form of text. Current methods jointly embed both the visual information and the textual feature into the same space. Nevertheless, how to model the complex interactions between the two different modalities is not an easy work. In contrast to struggling on multimodal feature fusion, in this paper, we propose to unify all the input information by natural language so as to convert VQA into a machine reading comprehension problem. With this transformation, our method not only can tackle VQA datasets that focus on observation based questions, but can also be naturally extended to handle knowledge-based VQA which requires to explore large-scale external knowledge base. It is a step towards being able to exploit large volumes of text and natural language processing techniques to address VQA problem. Two types of models are proposed to deal with open-ended VQA and multiple-choice VQA respectively. We evaluate our models on three VQA benchmarks. The comparable performance with the state-of-the-art demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method.
A hybrid controller for autonomous vehicle lane changing with epsilon dragging (2014)

Trajectory control for an autonomous ground vehicle typically utilizes the error from the desired path or trajectory (i.e., crosstrack error) to produce velocity and steering commands. If an obstacle is in the path, previous techniques have synthesized a new trajectory that avoids the obstacles, and the vehicle directly follows this new path. This approach has drawbacks at high velocity, because the synthesized trajectory must satisfy the stability criteria of the vehicle. This paper introduces a technique which we call epsilon dragging. The approach modifies the existing trajectory by some value e in order to avoid an obstacle at high speeds, while preserving the original trajectory as the desired path. Epsilon dragging is performed by inducing an additional error to the crosstrack error of the vehicle; this induced error can be bounded in order to stay within the velocity/turnrate profile that governs safe behavior at high speeds. The paper provides a method to construct epsilon such that a vehicle can avoid an obstacle at high speeds without the need to verify the trajectory's curvature before it is synthesized. The technique is demonstrated in completing a lane-change maneuver at different velocities, and verifying that the velocity/turnrate profiles are not exceeded.
Absence of HER4 Expression Predicts Recurrence of Ductal Carcinoma <i>In situ</i> of the Breast (2005)

The type 1 tyrosine kinase receptor HER2 (c-erbB2/neu) is associated with resistance to hormone therapy and poor survival in invasive breast cancer, whereas HER4 expression is associated with endocrine responsiveness. Patterns of tyrosine kinase receptor coexpression may aid prediction of recurrence risk after surgery for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Women who had undergone surgery for pure DCIS were studied. Out of 129 primary tumors, 39 had recurred and 90 had not recurred after 5 years of follow-up. Primary tumors were compared for HER2, HER3, and HER4, estrogen receptor, and Ki67 by immunohistochemistry. HER2 was expressed in 58%, HER3 in 49%, and HER4 in 63% of nonrecurrent DCIS, compared with HER2 expression in 82% (P = 0.008), HER3 expression in 71% (P = 0.04), and HER4 expression in 36% (P = 0.004) in DCIS that subsequently recurred. Dually expressing HER2/4 DCIS was more likely to be estrogen receptor positive than HER2-only-expressing DCIS (73% versus 53%; P = 0.05). HER2 expression was associated with a higher percentage and HER4 expression a significantly lower percentage of proliferating DCIS cells (median, 13.8% versus 8.4%; P = 0.001). Coexpression of HER2 with HER4 was associated with reduced recurrence compared with HER2-only positive DCIS (P = 0.003). This association remained significant when analyzing only high nuclear-grade DCIS (P = 0.015). Low nuclear grade, low proliferation rate and presence of HER4 expression were independent predictors of nonrecurrence. Potentially, HER4 expression may identify women who could avoid radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery for DCIS.
Increased Circulating AC133 <sub>+</sub> CD34 <sub>+</sub> Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Children with Hemangioma (2003)

This is the first study to suggest a role for EPCs in the pathogenesis of hemangioma. Our results imply that increased levels of circulating EPCs may contribute to the formation of this vascular tumor.
Detection of in vivo P-glycoprotein inhibition by PSC 833 using Tc-99m sestamibi. (1997)

Tc-99m sestamibi is a substrate of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) that has been proposed for use as a functional imaging agent for the multidrug resistance-1 phenotype. In vitro, retention of sestamibi by cells that overexpress Pgp can be modified by the presence of Pgp antagonists. In a Phase I trial of the Pgp reversal agent PSC 833, we show that the effects of this reversal agent can also be demonstrated in patients. Nine patients with metastatic renal carcinoma were studied three times: at baseline, approximately 1 day after vinblastine infusion, and while on PSC 833. One patient with metastatic adrenocortical cancer was also studied. Time activity curves and areas under the curve (AUCs) were obtained for tumor, liver, lung, and myocardium, and organ:heart AUC ratios were generated. With PSC 833, tumor visualization was enhanced, and statistically significant increases were found in AUC ratios for tumor and liver compared to baseline. For the liver, significant differences were also found between the vinblastine versus PSC 833 scans but not between the baseline versus vinblastine scans. This study demonstrates that sestamibi retention by tumor and liver is altered in the presence of the reversal agent PSC 833, presumably reflecting inhibition of Pgp. Thus, sestamibi may be useful in vivo as a means of monitoring the effects of this and other reversal agents on various tumors and normal tissues that express Pgp.
Variation Diminishing Matrices (1997)

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Monoclonal antibodies (1985)

Monoclonal antibodies will have utility as tools for diagnosis, staging, and therapy of malignant disease. Investigators have produced monoclonal antibodies that are directed against tumor-associated antigens and have varying degrees of cross-reactivity against normal tissues. These reagents have homogeneous molecular structure, recognize specific antigenic sites, can be produced in mass quantities, and are easily purified. Clinical trials with monoclonal antibodies are in progress and suggest modest toxicity and potential therapeutic efficacy.
The <i>C. elegans</i> protein CEH-30 protects male-specific neurons from apoptosis independently of the Bcl-2 homolog CED-9 (2007)

The developmental control of apoptosis is fundamental and important. We report that the Caenorhabditis elegans Bar homeodomain transcription factor CEH-30 is required for the sexually dimorphic survival of the male-specific CEM (cephalic male) sensory neurons; the homologous cells of hermaphrodites undergo programmed cell death. We propose that the cell-type-specific anti-apoptotic gene ceh-30 is transcriptionally repressed by the TRA-1 transcription factor, the terminal regulator of sexual identity in C. elegans, to cause hermaphrodite-specific CEM death. The established mechanism for the regulation of specific programmed cell deaths in C. elegans is the transcriptional control of the BH3-only gene egl-1, which inhibits the Bcl-2 homolog ced-9; similarly, most regulation of vertebrate apoptosis involves the Bcl-2 superfamily. In contrast, ceh-30 acts within the CEM neurons to promote their survival independently of both egl-1 and ced-9. Mammalian ceh-30 homologs can substitute for ceh-30 in C. elegans. Mice lacking the ceh-30 homolog Barhl1 show a progressive loss of sensory neurons and increased sensory-neuron cell death. Based on these observations, we suggest that the function of Bar homeodomain proteins as cell-type-specific inhibitors of apoptosis is evolutionarily conserved.
NMR-Spectroscopy for Nontargeted Screening and Simultaneous Quantification of Health-Relevant Compounds in Foods: The Example of Melamine (2009)

The recent melamine crisis in China has pointed out a serious deficiency in current food control systems, namely, they specifically focus on selected known compounds. This targeted approach allowed the presence of melamine in milk products to be overlooked for a considerable time. To avoid such crises in the future, we propose that nontargeted screening methods need to be developed and applied. To this end, NMR has an extraordinary potential that just started to be recognized and exploited. Our research shows that, from the very same set of spectra, (1)H NMR at 400 MHz can distinguish between melamine-contaminated and melamine-free infant formulas and can provide quantitative information by integration of individual lines after identification. For contaminated Chinese infant formulas or candy, identical results were obtained when comparing NMR with SPE-LC/MS/MS. NMR was found to be suitable for routine nontargeted and targeted analyses of foods, and its use will significantly increase food safety.