gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fatty acid regulation of very low density lipoprotein production (1997)

The topic covered in this review is the regulation of hepatic VLDL production by fatty acids, with emphasis on the role of plasma free fatty acids. Hepatic VLDL production is primarily substrate driven, the most important regulatory substrate being fatty acids. Fatty acids may be derived from at least four sources: (1) de-novo lipogenesis, (2) cytoplasmic triglyceride stores, (3) fatty acids derived from lipoproteins taken up directly by the liver, or (4) exogenous fatty acids (plasma free fatty acids). Although the total flux of fatty acids reaching hepatocytes plays an important regulatory role in VLDL synthesis, it is the nutritional and hormonal state of the organism that ultimately determines the rate of VLDL secretion. Nutritional and hormonal factors will determine whether intracellular fatty acids are channelled into oxidative, storage or secretory pathways. Conditions associated with both elevated free fatty acid flux to the liver and elevated de-novo lipogenesis, such as occurs in hyperinsulinemic insulin-resistant states, have hepatocytes primed to channel fatty acids into secretory pathways, with consequent high rates of VLDL secretion. Insulin-resistant states are associated not only with the release of larger quantities of free fatty acids from the increased mass of circulating lipoproteins, particularly in the postprandial state, but also with reduced free fatty acid uptake and esterification by peripheral tissues. Thus a vicious cycle is set up in insulin-resistant states involving free fatty acids and hypertriglyceridemia.
BCR ligation induced by IgM stimulation results in gene expression and functional changes only in IgVH unmutated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells (2008)

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients exhibit a variable clinical course. To investigate the association between clinicobiologic features and responsiveness of CLL cells to anti-IgM stimulation, we evaluated gene expression changes and modifications in cell-cycle distribution, proliferation, and apoptosis of IgV(H) mutated (M) and unmutated (UM) samples upon BCR cross-linking. Unsupervised analysis highlighted a different response profile to BCR stimulation between UM and M samples. Supervised analysis identified several genes modulated exclusively in the UM cases upon BCR cross-linking. Functional gene groups, including signal transduction, transcription, cell-cycle regulation, and cytoskeleton organization, were up-regulated upon stimulation in UM cases. Cell-cycle and proliferation analyses confirmed that IgM cross-linking induced a significant progression into the G(1) phase and a moderate increase of proliferative activity exclusively in UM patients. Moreover, we observed only a small reduction in the percentage of subG(0/1) cells, without changes in apoptosis, in UM cases; contrariwise, a significant increase of apoptotic levels was observed in stimulated cells from M cases. These results document that a differential genotypic and functional response to BCR ligation between IgV(H) M and UM cases is operational in CLL, indicating that response to antigenic stimulation plays a pivotal role in disease progression.
Laboratory Evaluation of Repellents Against Four Anopheline Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) and Two Phlebotomine Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) (1993)

Deet, the lactone CIC-4, and the piperidine compounds A13-37220 and A13-35765 were evaluated for initial repellency against laboratory-reared Anopheles albimanus Wiedemann, An. freeborni Aitken, An. gambiae Giles, An. stephensi Liston, and Phlebotomus papatasi (Scopoli) using a dose-response testing procedure on human volunteers. In addition, deet and CIC-4 were tested against Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva). In general, the repellency of A13-37220, A13-35765, and CIC-4 was not markedly different from that of deet against each species tested; however, the different species varied greatly in response to the repellents. Overall, An. stephensi, L. longipalpis, and P. papatasi were the most sensitive, and An. albimanus the most tolerant species. The four repellents subsequently were tested against An. stephensi and An. albimanus to determine the duration of repellency. AI3-37220 provided effective (> 90%) protection against An. stephensi bites for 7 h, whereas deet, AI3-35765, and CIC-4 provided 6, 5, and 3 h of protection, respectively. Each of the four compounds provided < 1 h of protection against An. albimanus bites.
Determinants in Competition between Cross-Sector Alliances (2017)

Private, public, and not-for-profit organizations come together in cross-sector alliance projects and programmes (CSA) to bring about large-scale changes. CSA can often face determined competition from other alliances that oppose large-scale change or propose alterative large-scale changes. Competition can be related to people’s deeply held beliefs arising from their ideologies, cultures, and/or other sources of entrenched preconceptions. In previous CSA research, there has been little consideration of competition between CSA involving people’s deeply held beliefs. Accordingly, in this paper, a conceptual framework for better understanding CSA competition is introduced. This encompasses the influence of people’s beliefs and related underlying determinants. This is necessary because there are many large-scale challenges that involve private, public, and not-for-profit organizations working together in projects and programmes against competition.
Rim Multiparametric Linear Programming (1975)

The rim multiparametric linear programming problem (RMPLP) is a parametric problem with a vector-parameter in both the right-hand side and objective function (i.e., in the “rim”). The RMPLP determines the region K* ⊂ E* such that the problem, maximize z(λ) = c T (λ)x, subject to Ax = b(λ), x ≧ 0, has a finite optimal solution for all λ ∈ K*. Let B i be an optimal basis to the given problem, and let R i *, be a region assigned to B i such that for all λ ∈ R i * the basis B i is optimal. The goal of the RMPLP problem is to cover K* by the R i * such that the various R i * do not overlap. The purpose of this paper is to present a solution method for finding all regions R i * that cover K* and do not overlap. This method is based upon an algorithm for a multiparametric problem described in an earlier paper by Gal and Nedoma.
Centralized and Distributed Schedulers for Non-Coherent Joint Transmission (2018)

This paper studies the performance of three typical network coordination schemes, i.e., dynamic point selection, fully overlapped non-coherent joint transmission (F-NCJT), and non-fully overlapped NCJT (NF-NCJT), in 3GPP new radio (NR) in indoor scenarios via system level simulation. Each of these schemes requires a different level of user data and channel state information (CSI) report exchange among coordinated transmission reception points (TRPs) depending on centralized or distributed schedulers. Scheduling strategies of these network coordination schemes are briefly discussed. It has been demonstrated that distributed network coordination schemes (e.g., NF-NCJT) can still perform reasonably well; a result which has important implications to the design of the fifth generation (5G) cellular network architecture.
Human Factors Design Guide Update. Revision (2002)

This document contains an updated and expanded version of the automation chapter of the Human Factors Design Guide (FAA, 1996). A research team of human factors experts evaluated the existing guidelines for relevance, clarity, and usability. The research team drafted new guidelines as necessary based on relevant sources and reorganized the document to increase usability. This resulted in extensive changes to the original document, including the addition of more than 100 new guidelines and 102 new sources. This report contains a brief introduction along with the modified guidelines.
Intelligent fault diagnosis and control reconfiguration (1994)

This paper gives an overview of fault diagnosis and control reconfiguration for complex systems such as those required in the aerospace industry. The presentation starts with a brief review of fault accommodation followed by four specific examples, viewed from the perspective of a control engineer. These examples are: 1) real-time fault diagnosis; 2) fault accommodation and control reconfiguration for an autonomous unmanned underwater vehicle; 3) fault detection, isolation, and reconfiguration for aircraft control surfaces; and 4) fault diagnosis relating to autonomous control of a spacecraft.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Allelic variation at the interleukin 1β gene is associated with decreased bone mass in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (2001)

Our results suggest that genetic variability may be a major determinant of bone loss in IBD. Carriers of IL1B-511*2, who are hypersecretors of IL-1beta, have a higher risk of presenting with low bone mass in IBD. Screening for this allele may contribute to determination of the risk of bone loss at the time of disease onset.
Improved RF4CE key agreement approach involving two‐phase key distribution for smart‐convergence home device (2011)

ABSTRACT This paper presents a robust and secure hybrid connectivity framework for ubiquitous convergence in a home environment. The proposed hybrid connectivity framework is based on various consumer electronics and mobile devices with wireless interfaces such as IEEE 802.15.4 (e.g., radio frequency for consumer electronics (RF4CE) or ZigBee) and IEEE 802.11. In particular, this framework involves an RF4CE‐based WiFi zero‐configuration scheme. It simplifies connectivity by means of secure key distribution and a simple WiFi configuration involving WiFi‐capable devices. To validate our framework, we analyzed the system and security performance using real hardware prototypes. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers Pumped in the 411512-411312 Band (1989)

A theoretical model for Er'+-doped fiber amplifiers pumped within the particular 4f13/2-41,5/2 absorption band is developed. The model predicts gain coefficients around 2 dB per milliwatt of launched pump power, in close agreement with previously reported measurements. The model is also used to determine the optimal pump wavelength A,,, that maximizes the amplifier gain. It is shown that the latter is insensitive to pump detuning near Aopt = 1.48 pm, within a 20 nm range, which indicates that broad-band, multimode laser diode pump sources and pumps with narrow linewidths should yield identical gain performance.
A Novel Multitrace Boundary Integral Equation Formulation for Electromagnetic Cavity Scattering Problems (2015)

We present a new multitrace boundary integral equation (BIE) formulation for the solutions of the time-harmonic electromagnetic (EM) scattering from large and deep cavities. Comparing to previously integral equation formulations, the new formulation has two major benefits: 1) it leads to a well-conditioned system equation after multiplicative Schwarz preconditioning and 2) the localized impedance matrices arising from decomposed boundary value problems are immune from cavity resonance effects. We outline the key technical aspects of the new multitrace formulation, give the details of the numerical analysis and report numerical experiments verifying the analysis, and display the capabilities of the proposed methods.
Eight-beam piezoresistive accelerometer fabricated by using a selective porous silicon etching method (2002)

This paper presents the first experimental results of a piezoresistive silicon accelerometer with eight beams fabricated by a unique silicon micromachining technique using selective porous silicon etching. This technique is capable of precisely constructing a microstructure without any lateral etching or undercutting. By the use of eight-beam structure, the mechanical strength of the accelerometer can be highly improved due to smaller shear stress. The lower sensitivity of the sensor can be simply solved by combining four output signals of half-bridge. The effectiveness of the sensor is confirmed through an experiment in which the accelerometer is characterized.
Image Recognition by Holography (1989)

A systematic account of the current status of holographic recognition systems, including their theory, principles of construction, and applications. Discusses statistical image recognition methods, optical data processing, principles of holographic correlator construction, holographic character read
iTEM: a temperature-dependent electromigration reliability diagnosis tool (1997)

In this paper, we present a new electromigration reliability diagnosis tool (iTEM) for CMOS VLSI circuits. Unlike previous electromigration reliability tools, iTEM can estimate the interconnect temperature rise due to joule heating and heat conduction from the substrate using a newly developed lumped thermal model. By including the temperature effect, iTEM provides much more accurate electromigration reliability diagnosis. Moreover, it is computationally efficient, and can analyze circuit layouts containing tens of thousands of transistors on a desktop workstation.
The interference of polarized light as an early example of Berry's phase (1986)

Open Access. Reprinted in Selected papers on fundamentals of quantum optics, Ed. G S Agarwal & B J Thompson. p299, SPIE milestone series Vol. MS103, SPIE, 1995.
Solubility of Carbohydrates in Ionic Liquids (2010)

While carbohydrates serve as an abundant, diverse, and reusable source of carbon, their derivatization for industrial applications is still a challenging task because of the low solubility in solvents other than water. Ionic liquids are recognized as green solvents for carbohydrate processing. However, only a limited number of studies have been carried out to investigate their ability to dissolve and modify saccharides. Most of the works focus on cellulose. The aim of this Review is to assess the current state of knowledge regarding the solubility of carbohydrates in ionic liquids but not on modifications of carbohydrates in ionic liquids. We herein collect all of the available literature data about the solubility of various carbohydrates in ionic liquids and highlight their interactions with carbohydrates. The subject of functionalization of carbohydrates in ionic liquids is not discussed in this Review.
<i>In silico</i> prediction of drug‐binding strengths to human serum albumin (2003)

Drug binding to Human Serum Albumin (HSA) is an area of intense research. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs are strongly affected by their binding to this protein. In this article, the field is reviewed, as well as our models to predict drug-binding affinities to HSA from drug structure. The physiological role of HSA is described, as well as its influence in drug action. The crystal structures of this protein are discussed, emphasizing the two drug-binding sites and the fatty acids binding sites observed therein. The advantages of using high-performance affinity chromatography to rapidly screen drugs for HSA binding are explained. The different QSAR models for HSA binding of restricted families of drugs (both from other groups and our group) are enumerated. Finally, a detailed description of our general models to predict drug-binding strengths to HSA from structure is given. It is expected for these models to be useful in drug design and pharmaceutical research.
Time-Resolved Europium(III) Excitation Spectroscopy: A Luminescence Probe of Metal Ion Binding Sites (1979)

A laser-induced luminescence technique is introduced for probing the structure and equilibria of lanthanide complexes and lanthanide ion binding to macromolecules. The method involves the excitation of the 7F0 leads to 5D0 transition between nondegenerate levels in the europium(III) ion by means of an intense pulsed dye laser source. Excitation profits obtained by scanning the laser through the transition region reveal distinct peaks characteristic of individual europium(III) ion environments. The technique may be used to characterize the species present in complex equilibria in solution or to study europium(III) binding to macromolecules. Distinct europium(III) binding sites in thermolysin with long and short excited state lifetimes are observed.
Dynamic Data Structure Analysis for Java Programs (2006)

Analysis of dynamic data structure usage is useful for both program understanding and for improving the accuracy of other program analyses. Static analysis techniques, however, suffer from reduced accuracy in complex situations, and do not necessarily give a clear picture of runtime heap activity. We have designed and implemented a dynamic heap analysis system that allows one to examine and analyze how Java programs build and modify data structures. Using a complete execution trace from a profiled run of the program, we build an internal representation that mirrors the evolving runtime data structures. The resulting series of representations can then be analyzed and visualized, and we show how to use our approach to help understand how programs use data structures, the precise effect of garbage collection, and to establish limits on static data structure analysis. A deep understanding of dynamic data structures is particularly important for modern, object-oriented languages that make extensive use of heapbased data structures.
Rate Constants for the Decay and Reactions of the Lowest Electronically Excited Singlet State of Molecular Oxygen in Solution. An Expanded and Revised Compilation (1995)

An expanded and revised compilation on the reactivity of singlet oxygen, the lowest electronically excited singlet state of molecular oxygen, 1O2*(1Δg), in fluid solution is presented, which supersedes the publication of Wilkinson and Brummer, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 10, 809 (1981). Rate constants for the chemical reaction and physical deactivation of singlet oxygen available through 1993 have been critically compiled. Solvent deactivation rates (kd) are tabulated for 145 solvents or solvent mixtures and second-order rate constants for interaction of singlet oxygen with 1915 compounds are reported.
Optimization of aircraft trajectories over the North Atlantic Airspace (2018)

L'objectif de cette thèse est de proposer de nouvelles approches plus efficaces pour améliorer la situation du trafic aérien dans l'Atlantique Nord (NAT). NAT est considéré \n\ncomme l'espace aérien océanique le plus utilisé dans le monde. Le contrôle du trafic aérien dans cet espace confronte plusieurs difficultés dues aux différences de fuseaux \n\nhoraires, aux demandes des passagers et aux vents forts induits par les jet-streams. De plus, la prédiction et le contrôle des trajectoire de vol sont très limités à cause de \n\nl'abscence de couverture radar. Par conséquent, une structure de routes, appelée Organized Track System (OTS), est établie dans le NAT et des normes de séparation très rigide \n\nsont imposés.\nTous ces facteurs obligent les vols à suivre des trajectoires non optimales, ce qui influence négativement la consommation de carburant et le coût total du vol. Dans le cadre \n\ndes projet lancé pour moderniser le systéme de gestion du trafic aérien, de nouvelles technologie de communication, de navigation et de surveillance ont été développés, l'un des \n\nplus prometteurs étant l'ADS-B. L'utilisation de l'ADS-B permet d'exploiter de nouvelles et différentes méthodes d'organiser le trafic, alternative à l'OTS, ce qui constitue \n\nl'axe principal de notre travail.\nTout d'abord, nous étudions la possibilité d'introduire le Free Flight Concept (FFC) dans le NAT. En effet, nous proposons une nouvelle approche pour organiser le trafic aérien \n\nNAT en se basant sur un comportement d'essaim. En effet, le trafic est considéré comme un système Multi-Agent où tous les vols coopèrent, grâce à l'ADSB, afin de construire \n\nleurs trajectoires, tout en détectant et en résolvant les conflits entre eux. Les trajectoires résultantes sont efficaces en terme de temps de croisière. Cependant,\nils ne sont pas robustes contre les changements du vents. Ensuite, nous proposons une nouvelle structure de route qui bénéficie du jet stream. Cette structure de route est \n\nappelée Wind-Optimal Track Network (WOTN), et est construite en considérant les normes de séparation réduites. WOTN couvre un plus grand\nespace aérien que l'OTS, afin de gérer un trafic plus dense. En gros, WOTN est construit de telle sorte que des pistes parallèles proches sont mis-en place pour suivre le jet-\n\nstream et les transitions entre les pistes n'est autorisé que dans les sections d'entrée et de sortie de la structure. Les résultats révèlent l'importance de mettre en place une \n\nstructure de route afin de garantir des trajectoires robustes face aux vents forts. Enfin, nous proposons une approche permettant aux aéronefs de sortir en toute sécurité de la structure de la route en cas d'urgence.
A diversified memory built-in self-repair approach for nanotechnologies (2004)

Memory built in self repair (BISR) is gaining importance since several years. Because defect densities are increasing with submicron scaling, more advanced solutions may be required for memories to be produced with the upcoming nanometric CMOS process generations. This problem will be exacerbated with nanotechnologies, where defect densities are predicted to reach levels that are several orders of magnitude higher than in current CMOS technologies. For such defect densities, traditional memory repair is not adequate. This work presents a diversified repair approach merging ECC codes and self-repair, for repairing memories affected by high defect densities. The approach was validated by means of statistical fault injection simulations considering defect densities as high as 3*10/sup -2/% (3% of cells are defective). The obtained results show that the approach provides close to 100% memory yield, by means of reasonable hardware cost, for technologies of very poor quality. Thus, the extreme defect densities that many authors predict for nanotechnologies do not represent a show-stopper, at least as concerning memories.
Zur Kenntniss des Amido‐<i>p</i>‐dichlorbenzols (1905)

Ueber die Ekwirkung der salpetrigen Saure