gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A mechanism for the hydroperoxide-mediated inactivation of prostacyclin synthetase (1979)

Abstract Hydroxyl radical generation was demonstrated during heme-catalyzed decomposition of 15-hydroperoxy arachidonic acid. The hydroperoxide- mediated inactivation of prostacyclin synthetase seems to be related to the generation of this highly reactive species. A relationship between hydroperoxides and the hydroxyl radical may be important in the modulation of prostacyclin synthesis in diseased states.
Die Wärmebehandlung in der Fertigungslinie mit einem neuartigen Rollenherdofen (1990)

Article Die Wärmebehandlung in der Fertigungslinie mit einem neuartigen Rollenherdofen was published on December 1, 1990 in the journal HTM Journal of Heat Treatment and Materials (volume 45, issue 6).
Improving Accuracy in Knee Arthroplasty (2012)

Knee arthroplasty is a surgical procedure to replace the weight-bearing surfaces of the knee joint to relieve the pain and disability of osteoarthritis. It may also be performed for other knee diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis. Improving Accuracy in Knee Arthroplasty discusses new technology allowing the design of implants to be adapted for individual patients. Beginning with an introduction to knee alignment and misalignment, the following sections examine anatomical landmarks in the normal and arthritic knee, instruments, navigation in knee arthroplasty, robotics and soft tissue guided surgery. With contributions from a renowned author and editor team from the UK, USA and Europe, this comprehensive manual includes more than 400 colour images and illustrations.
Modeling and optimization of high-power Nd/sup 3+/-Yb/sup 3+/ codoped fiber lasers (2006)

High-power continuous-wave Nd <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+</sup> -Yb <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+</sup> codoped fiber lasers (NYDFL) are analyzed, based on a rate-propagation equations model. The model takes into account energy transfer between Nd <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+ </sup> and Yb <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+</sup> , as well as cross relaxation between Nd <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+</sup> ions, and contributions from high-order modes to the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE). Examples of cladding-pumped NYDFLs with distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) at either end are presented. We demonstrate the optimal laser design by considering the effects of the Nd <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+</sup> and Yb <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+</sup> concentrations, pump wavelengths multiplexing, output mirror reflectivity, and the laser wavelength. Approximate quasi-analytical solutions are shown to be in good agreement with the exact numerical solutions of the rate equations for practical conditions
The Effect of Sulfur Deposition on Gaswell Inflow Performance (1997)

Summary Deposition of solid elemental sulfur in the formation may significantly reduce the inflow performance of sour-gas wells. The key operational and reservoir parameters that influence the magnitude of impairment by sulfur deposition were identified through the derivation of an analytical expression for the rate of sulfur buildup assuming idealized flow conditions. A methodology for the use of conventional, black-oil reservoir simulators was subsequently developed to permit the investigation of sulfur-deposition processes for specific reservoir descriptions and well operations. The rate of sulfur buildup in the formation was shown to be inversely proportional to the square of the radial distance from the well. As a consequence, the magnitude of sulfur deposition is highly sensitive to well skin— the lower the skin, the farther away from the well the deposition occurs and the lower the sulfur-buildup rate. Nonuniform deposition over the pay interval (owing to reservoir layering or uneven stimulation) was shown to accelerate the impact of sulfur deposition. A field case involving early decline in well production caused by sulfur deposition was successfully history-matched with the simulation model developed in this study.
Race as a Hiring/Casting Criterion: If Laurence Olivier was Rejected for the Role of Othello in Othello, Would He Have a Valid Title VII Claim (1997)

This Note analyzes whether an actor or actress has a cause of action against casting directors and/or producers under Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act for employment discrimination based on race. The author discusses what constitutes a violation of the Act and the procedural requirements a plaintiff must comply with in order to establish a prima facie case of discrimination. This Note then addresses how the law does not effectively deal with the issue and how this inapplicability of the law affects employment opportunities for minority actors and actresses. The author proposes that currently, the only appropriate remedy is a non-legal one which requires a collaborative effort from those who are closely involved in the industry-producers, directors, actors and actresses, and the audience. The author also concludes that government should be excluded from this collaborative solution because of the unique nature of the industry, even in light of the potential for discrimination.
B2幅面数字印刷机 技术脚步不停歇 落地应用仍待时日 (2016)

静电数字印刷机的打印尺寸通常包括A4（210mm×297mm）、A3（297mm×420mm）及SRA3（320mm×450mm）3种,且很长一段时间内难以在幅面上做出突破,这也是限制数字印刷广泛应用的因素之一。近年来,随着数字印刷技术的不断进步,B2幅面（515mm×728mm）数字印刷机逐渐进入人们的视野中。
Purification of serologically active phosphoinositides of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (1966)

Glycolipids extracted with pyridine from three strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis were fractionated. Phosphatidyl inositol, two phosphatidyl inositol dimannosides (A and M), and two phosphatidyl inositol pentamannosides (G and K) were separated and purified by a combination of solvent fractionations and chromatography on silicic acid. In each of these lipids, palmitic and tuberculostearic acids accounted for more than 90% of the total fatty acids. Mole ratios of fatty acid to P were: for phosphatidyl inositol, 2; for G and M, 3; for A and K, 4. Certain mixtures of A or M with G fixed complement with human sera from cases of tuberculosis. Two serologically inactive dimannosides, each containing two fatty acid ester groups per atom of P, were also present.
Production of viral vaccines for veterinary use. (2012)

This review provides inside information on the production of vaccines for veterinary use. The vaccines against rinderpest as well as foot and mouth disease are considered milestones in the history of veterinary vaccine production. Modern vaccines are based on the scientific progress in virology, cell biology and immunology. While naturally occurring attenuated viruses or viruses obtained after passage in different animal species or cell culture were used as vaccine strains in the early vaccines, nowadays targeted mutagenesis can be applied to generate vaccine virus strains. In principle, the antigen production process is the same for live and inactivated vaccines. The vaccine virus is usually grown in cell culture, either in roller bottles or bioreactors. Most live vaccines are freeze-dried in order to enable storage in the refridgerator for a longer period. To this end, a so-called stabilizer is added to the culture medium. The inactivation of the vaccine virus for the production of killed vaccines is done by physical or chemical treatments that lead to denaturation of the proteins or damage of the nucleic acids. The inactivated antigen may be further purified and mixed with an adjuvant. The quality standards for vaccines are layed down in international regulations and laws. Numerous tests are performed during the different production steps and on the final product in order to warrant the quality of each batch.
ATP hydrolysis-dependent formation of a dynamic ternary nucleoprotein complex with MutS and MutL (1999)

Functional interactions of Escherichia coli MutS and MutL in mismatch repair are dependent on ATP. In this study, we show that MutS and MutL associate with immobilised DNA in a manner dependent on ATP hydrolysis and with an ATP concentration near the solution K m of the ATPase of MutS. After removal of MutS, MutL and ATP, much of the protein in this ternary complex is not stably associated, with MutL leaving the complex more rapidly than MutS. The rapid dissociation reveals a dynamic interaction with concurrent rapid association and dissociation of proteins from the DNA. Analysis by surface plasmon resonance showed that the DNA interacting with dynamically bound protein was more resistant to nuclease digestion than the DNA in MutS-DNA complexes. Non-hydrolysable analogs of ATP inhibit the formation of this dynamic complex, but permit formation of a second type of ternary complex with MutS and MutL stably bound to the immobilised DNA.
Efficient Syntheses of 3-(3-Arylsydnon-4-yl)triazole Derivatives (2004)

3-Arylsydnone-4-carbohydroximic acid chlorides 1 were reacted with hydrazine hydrate to give hydrazino(3-arylsydnon-4-yl)methanone oximes 2 which are good precursors of 4-tri­azolyl sydnones. 5-Aryl-3-(3-arylsydnon-4-yl)-1H-[1,2,4]triazoles 4 could be synthesized in excellent yields by reacting hydrazino(3-arylsydnon-4-yl)methanone oximes 2 with aromatic aldehydes 3 under acid catalysis. Compounds 2 were also reacted with 3-aryl-4-formylsydnones 5 and aliphatic aldehydes 7 to produce 3-(3-arylsydnon-4-yl)-5-(3-arylsydnon-4-yl)-1H-[1,2,4]triazoles 6 and 5-alkyl-3-(3-arylsydnon-4-yl)-1H-[1,2,4] triazoles 8, respectively.
Comparative study of meat composition from various animal species (2011)

A b s t r a c t: The meat of various species of animals has specific composition, structure and odor, however, the identification of meat raw materials is a difficult problem. Fatty and amino acid composition of meat components being a part of recipes of meat products has been investigated. The factors influencing the results of analytical determination of individual fatty and amino acids are shown. The main ratios for sheep, pigs, boars, cows, turkeys, horses, chicken, pheasants and wild boars, allowing their use in production of modern meat products with variable nutrition value are presented, too. Calculation of specific ratios of fatty acids in fats from various species of animals allows revealing the characteristic features. Thus, horsemeat has a high share of fatty acids with 18 atoms of carbon; these are mainly; oleinic, linoleic and linolenic acids. The C18:C12 ratio in horsemeat is 6 times higer than in pork, 18 times higher than in beef, 8 and 2 times higher than in mutton and turkey meat, respectively. The ratios of amino acids – arginine, histidine and lysine for the investigated species of animals have been obtained. These ratios do not depend on age or weight of the animal. For example, for mutton it is 2:3:1 and for pork 1.5:2.0 – 2.2:1. Comparative analysis of the readings of the sensors of VOCmeter instrument, as obtained during investigations of volatile components of beef, pork, mutton, chicken meat, ostrich and turkey meat, and their processing by principal components methods, allowed revelation of meat from different species of animals and poultry with a high degree of reliability. The data obtained can be used for production of advanced meat products.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF A HEXAPEPTIDE, A POTENTIAL INHIBITOR OF GH‐RH (GROWTH HORMON RELEASING HORMON) LIBERATION (1973)

Abstract Aus Gründen struktureller Ähnlichkeit kann angenommen werden, daß GH‐ RH (Wachstumshormon freisetzendes Hormon) aus der β‐Kette von Hämoglobin gebildet wird, d. h., daß es das amino‐terminale Fragment 1‐10 von letzterem darstellt.
Analysis of Coupled Slots and Coplanar Strips on Dielectric Substrate (1975)

A frequency-dependent hybrid-mode analysis of single and coupled slots and coplanar strips is presented. The dispersion characteristic and characteristic impedance of the structures are obtained by applying a Fourier transform technique and evaluating the resulting expressions numerically using the method of moments. Numerical results are presented and compared with results published by other investigators. The experimental performance of a slot-line coupler is compared with predicted performance based upon the results presented here for coupled slots. Excellent agreement has been obtained in all cases.
A Software-Configurable Processor Architecture (2006)

A software-configurable processor combines a traditional RISC processor with a field-programmable instruction extension unit that lets the system designer tailor the processor to a particular application. To add application-specific instructions to the processor, the programmer adds a pragma before a C or C++ function declaration, and the compiler then turns the function into a single instruction
Activation of the Interleukin-6/STAT3 Antiapoptotic Pathway in Esophageal Cells by Bile Acids and Low pH: Relevance to Barrett's Esophagus (2007)

The IL-6/STAT3 antiapoptotic pathway is induced by short exposure to bile acid cocktail and low pH. This alteration, if persistent in vivo, may underlie the development of dysplastic BE and tumor progression.
阿尔伯特·维恩：美国现代主义者 (2010)

阿尔伯特·维恩（Albert Wein），1915年出生于纽约布朗克斯区，父亲是弗兰克·维恩，母亲名叫埃尔莎·格罗斯曼，都是纽约人，先辈则是从匈牙利和俄罗斯移民来的。阿尔伯特出生于父母婚后第’一年，可能也是他们唯一的孩子，
ReProCS: A Missing Link between Recursive Robust PCA and Recursive Sparse Recovery in Large but Correlated Noise (2011)

This work studies the recursive robust principal components' analysis (PCA) problem. Here, "robust" refers to robustness to both independent and correlated sparse outliers, although we focus on the latter. A key application where this problem occurs is in video surveillance where the goal is to separate a slowly changing background from moving foreground objects on-the-fly. The background sequence is well modeled as lying in a low dimensional subspace, that can gradually change over time, while the moving foreground objects constitute the correlated sparse outliers. In this and many other applications, the foreground is an outlier for PCA but is actually the "signal of interest" for the application; where as the background is the corruption or noise. Thus our problem can also be interpreted as one of recursively recovering a time sequence of sparse signals in the presence of large but spatially correlated noise. This work has two key contributions. First, we provide a new way of looking at this problem and show how a key part of our solution strategy involves solving a noisy compressive sensing (CS) problem. Second, we show how we can utilize the correlation of the outliers to our advantage in order to even deal with very large support sized outliers. The main idea is as follows. The correlation model applied to the previous support estimate helps predict the current support. This prediction serves as "partial support knowledge" for solving the modified-CS problem instead of CS. The support estimate of the modified-CS reconstruction is, in turn, used to update the correlation model parameters using a Kalman filter (or any adaptive filter). We call the resulting approach "support-predicted modified-CS".
Genetic mapping of a mouse chromosomal locus required for mink cell focus-forming virus replication (1983)

Mouse-hamster somatic cell hybrids were used to show that the recombinant mink cell focus-forming murine leukemia viruses and their ecotropic virus progenitors require different mouse chromosomes for replication. Mouse chromosome 1 was shown to carry the genetic information necessary for the replication of six different mink cell focus-forming isolates, and this gene, designated Rmc-1, was tentatively positioned at the distal end of the chromosome.
Evaluation of Sulfate Resistance of Hydraulic-Cement Mortars by the ASTM C 1012 Test Method (1987)

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A Study on the Thermal Conductivity of Carbon-Nanotube Nanofluids (2007)

An experimental study was conducted to investigate the effect of the morphology of CNT (Carbon Nanotube) on the thermal conductivity of suspensions. The effective thermal conductivities of the samples were measured using a steady-state cut bar apparatus method. Enhancements based on the thermal conductivity of the base fluid are presented as functions of both the volume fraction and the temperature. Although functionalized SWNT (Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube) produced more stable and homogeneous suspensions, the addition of small amounts of surfactant to suspensions of 'as produced' SWNT demonstrated a greater increase in effective thermal conductivity than functionalized SWNT alone. The effective thermal conductivity enhancement corresponding to 1.0% by volume approached 10%, which was observed to be lower than expected, but more than twice the values, 3.5%, obtained for similar tests conducted using aluminum oxide suspensions. However, for suspensions of MWNT (Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube), the degree of enhancement was measured to be approximately 37%. It was postulated that the effect of clustering, resulting from the multiple heat-flow passages constituted by interconnecting neighboring CNT clusters, played an important role in significant enhancement of effective thermal conductivity.
Abundance and Frequency of the Asiatic Oak Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Defoliation on American, Chinese, and Hybrid Chestnut (<i>Castanea</i>) (2016)

The Asiatic oak weevil, Cyrtepistomus castaneus Roelofs (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is a nonnative defoliator of trees in the Fagaceae family in the United States but has not been studied on Castanea species in the southern Appalachian Mountains. Planted trees of Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh. (Fagales: Fagaceae), Castanea mollissima Blume (Fagales: Fagaceae), and four hybrid breeding generations were evaluated in 2012 for insect defoliation and C. castaneus abundance and frequency. Defoliation was visually assessed throughout the growing season at two sites in the southern Appalachian Mountains (western North Carolina and eastern Tennessee). C. castaneus abundance and frequency were monitored on trees using beat sheets and emergence was recorded from ground traps. Asiatic oak weevils were more abundant and more frequently collected on American chestnut (Ca. dentata) and its most closely related BC3F3 hybrid generation than on the Asian species Ca. mollissima. In most months, C. castaneus colonization of hybrid generations was not significantly different than colonization of parental species. Frequency data for C. castaneus suggested that adults were distributed relatively evenly throughout the study sites rather than in dense clusters. Emergence of C. castaneus was significantly higher under a canopy dominated by Quercus species than under non-Quercus species or open sky. C. castaneus emergence began in May and peaked in late June and early July. These results may be useful for resource managers trying to restore blight-resistant chestnut to the Southern Appalachians while minimizing herbivory by insect pests.
Annealing of degraded npn-transistors-mechanisms and modeling (1994)

We report on the annealing of degraded npn-transistors, which includes a new model describing the decrease of base current during annealing. We found that two mechanisms are responsible for annealing: the recombination of charges and the bonding of hydrogen atoms on interface traps. Furthermore, we show that a heating of the whole device and a forward biasing of the emitter-base-diode activate these annealing mechanisms. This biasing deactivates the interface traps by recombination with a part of the streaming charge and results in a local increase in temperature, caused by the current. Both local and global heating yield an additional thermal generation of charges and an increasing diffusivity of hydrogen atoms. Consequently, an additional deactivation and passivation of interface traps is detected.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Direct Evidence for Hydroxyl Radical Scavenging Activity of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles (2011)

Cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles have been considered as excellent antioxidants and have become a focus of numerous studies. However, the mechanism behind the antioxidant role in the complex biological system has not been well-understood. In this work, direct evidence for the hydroxyl radical (•OH) scavenging activity of CeO2 nanoparticles was established by a simple photometric system in vitro. When methyl violet (MV) reacted with hydroxyl radical, the absorbance change indicated the hydroxyl radical level. The presence of CeO2 nanoparticles protected MV by competitively reacting with the •OH, so their hydroxyl radical scavenging activity was directly seen through the absorbance change. This activity was also proved to be size-dependent and was believed to have a close correlation with Ce3+ at the surface of the particles.
The Three Transcobalamins in Myeloproliferative Disorders and Acute Leukaemia (1975)

The unsaturated vitamin B12 binding capacity of whole serum (UBBC) and of the three transcobalamins (TC) has been studied in patients with various haematological diseases including myeloproliferative disorders (MPD) and acute leukaemia. The binding capacity of TC I and TC III was increased in MPD; TC I being particularly high in chronic granulocytic leukaemia (CGL) and TC III especially raised in polycythaemia rubra vera (PRV) and in infectious leucocytosis. The binding capacity of both TC I and TC III correlated with blood neutrophil count and the ratio TC III/TC I was low in CGL and increased in PRV. TC II was increased in acute myelogenous leukaemia, during remission and blast cell crisis of CGL and in refractory anaemia with excess of myeloblasts but not in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). TC II correlated inversely with blood neutrophil count. There is an inverse ratio between TC II and TC I at least in myelogenous leukaemia. These abnormalities are discussed in relation to granulocyte kinetics. TC III and TC I reflect probably the total body granulocyte pool and share some biochemical and immunological properties supporting the view that they have a common origin in the more mature stages of the granulocyte cell line while TC II probably originates partly in more primitive granulocytes.
Charge-Transfer CMOS Image Sensors: Device and Radiation Aspects (2009)

The aim of this thesis was twofold: investigating the effect of ionizing radiation on 4-T CMOS image sensors and the possibility of realizing a CCD like sensor in standard 0.18-?m CMOS technology (for medical applications). Both the aims are complementary; borrowing and lending many aspects of radiation and device physics amongst each other.
Multivariate and Propensity Score Matching Software with Automated Balance Optimization: The Matching package for R (2011)

Matching is an R package which provides functions for multivariate and propensity score matching and for finding optimal covariate balance based on a genetic search algo-rithm. A variety of univariate and multivariate metrics to determine if balance actually has been obtained are provided. The underlying matching algorithm is written in C++, makes extensive use of system BLAS and scales efficiently with dataset size. The genetic algorithm which finds optimal balance is parallelized and can make use of multiple CPUs or a cluster of computers. A large number of options are provided which control exactly how the matching is conducted and how balance is evaluated.