gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characteristic Parameters Extraction and Pattern Recognition of Partial Discharges based on Envelope of Ultra-high Frequency Signal (2016)

With the help of the Hilbert transform, the low-frequency signals modulated by high-frequency signals can be demodulated. This article proposed a method to extract the time-domain features of ultra-high frequency (UHF) signals regarding the partial discharges (PD) in a gas insulated switchgear (GIS). Utilizing the Hilbert transform, the envelope of a PD signal can be solved, and further the corresponding characteristic parameters of some key time domains can be acquired. An experimental platform for the detection of artificial insulation faults in a GIS was established. Thus, the experimental data of 3 types of typical PD signals were gained, and then used for the analysis and verification of the presented algorithm. The result shows that different types of PDs were accurately recognized. It can be concluded that the method presented is practical and effective.
Advances in the Chemical Synthesis of Medium-Sized Cyclitols (2004)

Densely hydroxylated, medium-sized carbocycles and their analogues have long been a somewhat neglected molecular progeny for two reasons: (a) the synthesis of such expanded and functionality rich rings is quite a challenging task that remains partially unsolved and (b) the biological significance of these constructs has not yet been thoroughly appreciated. This account mainly discusses recent approaches used to deal with this rare class of carbohydrate mimics with particular emphasis being placed on annulative strategies using ring-closing metathesis, aldol-based ring closure, intramolecular nitrile oxide and nitrone cycloaddition, and the Claisen rearrangement. Less documented annulative and non-annulative procedures including free-radical cyclisation, intramolecular coupling, and ring expansion and manipulation are also considered. Keywords: cyclitols, carbasugars, medium-sized rings, chemical synthesis, glycosidase inhibitors
Symbolic protocol analysis with products and Diffie-Hellman exponentiation (2004)

We demonstrate that for any well-defined cryptographic protocol, the symbolic trace reachability problem in the presence of an Abelian operator (e.g., multiplication) can be reduced to solvability of a particular system of quadratic Diophantine equations. This result enables formal analysis of protocols that employ primitives such as Diffie-Hellman exponentiation, products, and xor, with a bounded number of role instances, but without imposing any bounds on the size of terms created by the attacker. In the case of xor, the resulting system of Diophantine equations is decidable. In the case of a general Abelian group, decidability remains an open equation, but our reduction demonstrates that standard mathematical techniques for solving systems of Diophantine equations are sufficient for the discovery of protocol insecurities.
Channel hopping scheme to mitigate jamming attacks in wireless LANs (2017)

Although a jamming attack is an important problem in Wi-Fi networks, there is no effective solution to this problem yet. In this paper, we propose a new approach to resolve jamming attacks in Wi-Fi networks based on the concept of channel hopping. If we assume that the attacker does not jam all the channels simultaneously, then it might be possible to circumvent a jamming attack by changing the channel. A channel hopping mechanism is designed so that the access point (AP) and a normal user can agree on the next channel with a high probability without pre-sharing of any secret information between the AP and a user node. The proposed scheme is evaluated through experiment in a test bed.
Forearm nitric oxide balance, vascular relaxation, and glucose metabolism in NIDDM patients (1997)

Endothelium-dependent and -independent vascular responses were assessed in 10 NIDDM patients and 6 normal subjects with no evidence of atherosclerotic disease. Changes in forearm blood flow and arteriovenous (AV) serum nitrite/nitrate (NO2-/NO3-) concentrations were measured in response to intra-arterial infusion of acetylcholine (ACh) (7.5, 15, 30 microg/min, endothelium-dependent response) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) (0.3, 3, 10 microg/min, endothelium-independent response). Insulin sensitivity (determined by minimal model intravenous glucose tolerance test) was lower in NIDDM patients (0.82 +/- 0.20 vs. 2.97 +/- 0.29 10(4) min x microU(-1) x ml(-1); P < 0.01). Baseline forearm blood flow (4.8 +/- 0.3 vs. 4.4 +/- 0.3 ml x 100 ml(-1) tissue x min(-1); NS), mean blood pressure (100 +/- 4 vs. 92 +/- 4 mmHg; NS), and vascular resistance (21 +/- 1 vs. 21 +/- 1 units; NS), as well as their increments during ACh and SNP, infusion were similar in both groups. No difference existed in baseline NO2-/NO3- concentrations (4.09 +/- 0.33 [NIDDM patients] vs. 5.00 +/- 0.48 micromol/l [control subjects]; NS), their forearm net balance (0.31 +/- 0.08 [NIDDM patients] vs. 0.26 +/- 0.08 micromol/l x 100 ml(-1) tissue x min(-1); NS), and baseline forearm glucose uptake. During ACh infusion, both NO2- and NO3- concentrations and net balance significantly increased in both groups, whereas glucose uptake increased only in control subjects. When data from NIDDM and control groups were pooled together, a correlation was found between the forearm AV NO2- and NO3- differences and blood flow (r = 0.494, P = 0.024). On the contrary, no correlation was evident between NO2- and NO3- concentrations or net balance and insulin sensitivity. In summary, 1) no difference existed in basal and ACh-stimulated NO generation and endothelium-dependent relaxation between uncomplicated NIDDM patients and control subjects; 2) in both NIDDM and control groups, forearm NO2- and NO3- net balance following ACh stimulation was related to changes in the forearm blood flow; and 3) ACh-induced increase in forearm blood flow was associated with an increase in glucose uptake only in control subjects but not in NIDDM patients. In conclusion, our results argue against a role of impaired NO generation and blood flow regulation in determining the insulin resistance of uncomplicated NIDDM patients; rather, it supports an independent insulin regulation of hemodynamic and metabolic effects.
Amniotic Mesenchymal Tissue Cells Inhibit Dendritic Cell Differentiation of Peripheral Blood and Amnion Resident Monocytes (2009)

Cells derived from the amniotic membranes of human term placenta have drawn much interest for their characteristics of multipotency and low immunogenicity, supporting a variety of possible clinical applications in the field of cell transplantation and regenerative medicine. We have previously shown that cells derived from the mesenchymal region of human amnion (AMTC) can strongly inhibit T-lymphocyte proliferation. In this study, we demonstrate that AMTC can block differentiation and maturation of monocytes into dendritic cells (DC), preventing the expression of the DC marker CD1a and reducing the expression of HLA-DR, CD80, and CD83. The monocyte maturation block resulted in impaired allostimulatory ability of these cells on allogeneic T cells. In attempting to define the mechanisms responsible for these findings, we have observed that the presence of AMTC in differentiating DC cultures results in the arrest of the cells to the G(0) phase and abolishes the production of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha, CXCL10, CXCL9, and CCL5. Finally, we also demonstrate that the monocytic cells present in the amniotic mesenchymal region fail to differentiate toward the DC lineage. Taken together, our data suggest that the mechanisms by which AMTC exert immumodulatory effects do not only relate directly to T cells, but also include inhibition of the generation and maturation of antigen-presenting cells. In this context, AMTC represent a very attractive source of multipotent allogeneic cells that promise to be remarkably valuable for cell transplantation approaches, not only due to their low immunogenicity, but also because of the added potential of modulating immune responses, which could be fundamental both for controlling graft rejection after transplantation and also for controlling diseases characterized by inflammatory processes.
Abstract W P49: Optimizing Ct Perfusion for Prediction of Ischemic Core in Acute Stroke With an Open-source Benchmarking Tool to Standardize Stroke Imaging Research (2015)

Background: Multiple studies have investigated the optimal CT perfusion (CTP) parameter for identification of the ischemic core. Differences in methodology have led to results that are not easily comparable. The aim of this project was to create and test a benchmarking tool that will standardize the evaluation of CTP-software. Methods: We developed a tool consisting of: 1) an imaging library and 2) a statistical analysis algorithm. The imaging library includes pre-processed DWI and CTP scans from a large cohort of 104 acute stroke patients from 2 centers who underwent DWI within 2 hours of CTP. Pre-processing included manual delineation of the acute infarct on DWI (DWI-ROIs) and motion-correction, time-correction, and co-registration of the CTP images. The statistical analysis algorithm evaluates the performance of CTP-software by determining the sensitivity, specificity and volumetric accuracy of the CTP-software’s ischemic core (CTP-ROIs). The tool was tested with CTP-ROIs based on relative CBF (rCBF) thresholds (ranging from 0.00 to 1.00 in 0.02 increments), generated by in-house developed CTP-software (RAPID). Results: We successfully pre-processed the DWI and CTP data of 104 patients. Median time between CT and start of MR was 36 min (IQR 25-77). The tool’s statistical analysis algorithm successfully determined the performance metrics of our in-house CTP-software: Volumetric accuracy of the CTP-ROIs was optimal at an rCBF threshold of 0.36. At this threshold the median absolute volumetric difference between the CTP- and DWI-ROIs was 10 ml (4-17 IQR), sensitivity 64% and specificity 90%.Conclusion: This open-source CTP benchmarking tool provides the scientific community, for the first time, with a method to directly compare the accuracy of CTP-software packages. This may lead to major improvements in CTP-software, as researchers worldwide can use it to determine the optimal algorithm for identifying the ischemic core with CTP.
The antiarrhythmic peptide rotigaptide (ZP123) increases gap junction intercellular communication in cardiac myocytes and HeLa cells expressing connexin 43 (2006)

We investigated the effects of rotigaptide (ZP123), a stable hexapeptide with antiarrhythmic properties, on gap junction mediated intercellular communication in contracting rat neonatal cardiac myocytes, HL-1 cells derived from cardiac atrium and in HeLa cells transfected with cDNA encoding Cx43-GFP, Cx32-GFP, Cx26-GFP, wild-type Cx43 or wild-type Cx26. Intercellular communication was monitored before and after treatment with rotigaptide following microinjection of small fluorescent dyes (MW<1 kDa). The communication-modifying effect of rotigaptide was confined to cells expressing Cx43 since the peptide had no effect on dye transfer in HeLa cells expressing Cx32-GFP, Cx26-GFP or wild-type Cx26. In contrast, HeLa cells expressing Cx43-GFP exposed to 50 nM rotigaptide for 5 h showed a 40% increase in gap junction mediated communication. Rotigaptide (50 nM) increased intercellular dye transfer in myocytes and atrial HL-1 cells, where Cx43 is the dominant connexin. However, it caused no change in cell beating rates of cardiac myocytes. Western blot analysis showed that rotigaptide did not modify the overall level of Cx43 expression and changes in the phosphorylation status of the protein were not observed.We conclude that the effects of rotigaptide were confined to cells expressing Cx43.
Liquid‐crystalline stereoregular polyketone prepared from a mesogenic vinylarene and carbon monoxide (2003)

Abstract Isotactic and syndiotactic polyketones were synthesized by the alternating copolymerizations of a mesogenic vinylarene, 4‐cyano‐4′‐[8‐(4‐vinylphenyl)octyl‐1‐oxy]biphenyl, with carbon monoxide, and this revealed the influence of backbone tacticity on their thermal properties. The isotactic polyketone was an amorphous polymer that did not show any mesophase, whereas the syndiotactic polyketone exhibited liquid crystallinity. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 41: 3556–3563, 2003
Selective actions of calcium antagonistic drugs on the haemodynamics and regional organ blood flow in rats. (1986)

Six substances, all of which influence calcium utilization by smooth muscle, namely nimodipine (50 micrograms/kg), flunarizine (1 mg/kg), verapamil (0.2 mg/kg), lidoflazine (1 mg/kg), magnesium (600 mumol Mg++/kg), and manganese (180 mumol Mn++/kg), were given intravenously to rats and their effects on regional blood flows and on cardiac output were determined by the radioactive microsphere technique. All compounds caused a temporary fall in mean arterial blood pressure. Cardiac output was decreased by manganese, and minute work by nimodipine, manganese and lidoflazine. Nimodipine increased blood flow in the liver, skeletal muscle and heart and decreased that in the stomach, ileum, colon, kidney, spleen and skin; manganese increased flow in the duodenum, jejunum, liver and myocardium and decreased that in the stomach, ileum, colon, spleen and skin; flunarizine increased flow in the liver, heart and brain; and magnesium increased flow in the liver, spleen and brain. Lidoflazine and verapamil, although leading to haemodynamic alterations, had no selective effect on organ blood flow. Selective actions by calcium effector drugs can provide information on mechanisms of calcium flux in various types of vascular smooth muscle, and show that it is possible to tailor combinations of anti-calcium agents with optimal effects on a given organ.
Various Prothrombin Complex Concentrates and their Effect on Coagulation and Fibrinolysis In Vivo (1976)

Thromboembolic complications occurring in patients treated with factor IX concentrates have been reported. To study the thrombogenicity various types of factor IX concentrates (50 or 100 units F. IX/kg bodyweight) have been infused in dogs. As control albumin was given. The various components of the coagulation and fibrinolytic system have been assayed before the infusion and at various intervals after the end of infusion (0, 1, 4 and 24 hrs). Konyne resulted in marked activation of the coagulation process with decrease of platelets, fibrinogen, F. VIII and appearance of FDP and positive ethanol gelation test. Prothromplex and Preconativ gave no significant changes. Preconativ is prepared without addition of heparin during the procedure.
NEW TIME-RESOLVED STEP-SCAN FTIR SPECTROSCOPY IN ABSORPTION AND EMISSION MODES DEMONSTRATING MICRO-AND NANO-SECOND TEMPORAL RESOLUTION (1993)

$^{1}$ R.A. Palmer, C.J. Manning, J.A. Rzepiela, J.M. Widder and J.L. Chou, Appl. Spec. 43, 193, (1989). $^{2}$ A. Simon and J.M. Weil, Bruker Application Note \#39, (1989). $^{3}$ W. Uhmann, A. Becker, C. Taran, and F. Siebert, Appl. Spec., 45, 390, (1991). $^{4}$ P. Biggs, G. Hancock, D.E. Heard and R.P. Wayne, Meas. Sci. Tech, 1, 630, (1990). $^{5}$ G.V. Hartland, W. Xie, H.L. Dai, A. Simon, and M.J. Anderson, Rev. Sci. Instr. 63, 3261, (1992).
Surface Water-Sediment Feasibility Study Report for the McCormick and Baxter Superfund Site, Stockton, California (1999)

No abstract prepared.
Wettability alteration by magnesium ion binding in heavy oil/brine/chemical/sand systems—analysis of hydration forces (2010)

In laboratory sandpack tests for heavy oil re-covery by alkaline flooding, it was found that wettability alteration of the sand had a significant impact on oil recovery. In this work, a heavy oil of 14? API was used to examine the effect of organic acids in the oil and water che- mistry on wettability alteration. From interfacial tension measurements and sand surface composition analysis, it was concluded that the water-wet sand became preferentially oil-wet by magnesium ion binding. The presence of Mg2+ in the heavy oil/Na2CO3 solution/sand system increased the oil/water interfacial tension. This confirmed the hypothesis that magnesium ion combined with the ionized organic acids to form magnesium soap at oil/water interface. Under alkaline condition, the ionized organic acids in the oil phase partition into the water phase and subsequently adsorb on the sand surfaces. The analysis of sand surface composition sugg- ested that more ionized organic acids adsorb- ed on the sand surface through magnesium ion binding. The attachment of more organic acids on the sand surface changed hydration forces, making the sand surface more oil-wet.
Wiring visual systems: common and divergent mechanisms and principles (2017)

The study of visual systems has a rich history, leading to the discovery and understanding of basic principles underlying the elaboration of neuronal connectivity. Recent work in model organisms such as fly, fish and mouse has yielded a wealth of new insights into visual system wiring. Here, we consider how axonal and dendritic patterning in columns and laminae influence synaptic partner selection in these model organisms. We highlight similarities and differences among disparate visual systems with the goal of identifying common and divergent principles for visual system wiring.
Research and development related to Nevada nuclear waste storage investigations. Progress report, April 1-June 30, 1979 (1979)

Geochemical laboratory support for Subtask 3.2.2, Tuff Media Investigations; geologic support for Subtask 2.5, Tectonics, Seismicity, and Volcanism; and administrative support for Subtask 5.2, Quality Control are presented. Mineralogic-petrologic examination of material from Yucca Mountain hole UE25A#1 is nearing completion. Sorption measurements on tuff from holes J-13 and UE25A#1 are continuing with both natural and synthetic ground waters and under aerobic and anoxic conditions. Column work is continuing. A standardized batch procedure for Am and Pu has been adopted. A preliminary probability analysis has been performed for volcanic hazards of the Crater Flats basalts.
Collaborative Study of the Determination of Zoalene and ANOT in Chicken Tissue (1966)

Abstract Zoalene (3,5-dinitro-o-toIuamide) and a metabolite, ANOT (3-amino-5-nitro-o-toluamide), are both present in chickens when the former compound is fed as a coccidiostat. The colorimctric methods for zoalene and ANOT in chicken tissue were studied collaboratively, and results indicate that the methods are reasonably accurate and reproducible for both compounds. It is recommended that the methods be adopted as official, first action.
Multilocus genetic structure in natural populations of Escherichia coli. (1983)

A survey of allozyme variation at 12 enzyme loci in 1,705 clones of the genetic species Escherichia coli (including four species of Shigella) from natural populations revealed 302 unique allele combinations (electrophoretic types). Single-locus diversity estimates fall within the range predicted by the neutral allele theory of molecular evolution, but the combination of alleles in electrophoretic types are highly nonrandom, as indicated by a test of association over all loci and by evidence of complex linkage disequilibria in several four-locus combinations. These linkage disequilibria reflect genetic differentiation of E. coli into three groups of strains. Because of restricted recombination, both the stochastic extinction of lines and selective differences between particular genetic combinations may have contributed to the evolution of subspecific structure in E. coli.
3-Dimensional Demonstration of Fetal Anal Canal and Sphincter (2012)

The fetal anal canal can be visualized when a systematic analysis is performed using a 3 D volume dataset.
Cultivation,<i>in vitro</i>Culture, Secondary Metabolite Production, and Phytopharmacognosy of Saffron (<i>Crocus sativus</i>L.) (2000)

ABSTRACT Saffron, the dried, dark-red stigmata of Crocus sativus L., is the most expensive spice in the world, currently selling for over $2,000/kg. Used for flavoring and coloring food, saffron is also being investigated as an anti-cancer agent, but low productivity (6 kg saffron/hectare) limits availability. New technologies, such as in vitro tissue cultures, are being developed for their utility in increasing the amounts of crocin, crocetin, picrocrocin, and safranal, the main constituents of saffron. Additionally, saffron's pharmacological properties have also been the focus of extensive research. We review the recent advances of the past decade to better understand the growth and physiology of Crocus sativas L. as well as the pharmacological properties of saffron secondary metabolites.
Chemical physics of high dynamic pressures (2009)

Basic characteristics of dynamic impact and specific changes caused by it in condensed media, both used in practice and prospective, are discussed.
A Self‐Sufficient Peroxide‐Driven Hydroxylation Biocatalyst (2003)

Gezielte Veränderung der Häm-Gruppe von Cytochrom P450 BM-3 führt zu einem vielseitigen, hoch aktiven Hydroxylierungskatalysator (siehe Bild), der unabhängig von der Zellumgebung funktioniert und weder auf NADPH noch auf Reduktase angewiesen ist. Die Möglichkeit zur Verbesserung seiner Stabilität und zur Modifizierung des Substratspektrums eröffnen diesem vereinfachten Biokatalysator beachtliche Perspektiven.
Tumor specific immune response of experimental active-specific immunotherapy. [Concanavalin A, rats] (1977)

Evidence for augmentation of antigenic recognition was investigated by measuring antigen-specific lymphocyte stimulation in animals which were minimally immunized with Con A-modified tumor cells. Comparison of lymphocyte stimulation response was made to animals immunized with unmodified tumor cells or sham immunization. Markedly heightened, tritiated Thymidine incorporation was observed in the lymph node cells from animals immunized with Concanavalin A-modified tumor cells, while minimal response was observed in control hosts. These preliminary findings imply that Con A-modified tumor cell immunotherapy may work by augmenting the host's capacity to recognize minimal differences in immunogenicity between tumor cells and the normal cells of origin. This modulation of the immune response may be a key factor in the success of active-specific immunotherapy.
Resource reservation comparison of fault resilient routing schemes (2014)

Reliable delivery of network services is critically for numerous real-time applications, such as video conferencing, broadcast TV and content distribution, in which time sensitive content is delivered to a single or multiple destinations. Failure protection in connection-oriented networks can be realized using local protection schemes, such as fast reroute (FRR), or using end-to-end protection schemes, like redundant trees. In this paper we study the trade-offs between local and end-to-end protection schemes from several key aspects such as protection availability, management complexity and in particular the resource reservation efficiency of the two approaches.
An Ellipsometric Investigation of the Underpotential Deposition of Lead on Gold (1975)

Potential scanning ellipsometry has been used to examine the wavelength and potential dependence of the optical constants of the lead layer formed on Au by underpotential deposition from Pb2+ solution. The two main current peaks in the voltammetry curves of the system can be identified with two different states of the surface film. Neither state has optical constants resembling those of bulk Pb. Both films have an ellipsometrically determined thickness of 1.5.Å. The large wavelength dependence of the optical constants of the films indicates a strong interaction of the lead adlayer with the surface layer of the Au substrate. The ellipsometric data are consistent with a model in which the layer formed on the surface at less cathodic potentials is primarily ionic and at cathodic potentials undergoes a transition to a metal‐like lead adlayer.