gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of body weight and feed allocation during sexual maturation in broiler breeder hens. 1. Growth and carcass characteristics (1999)

The effects of broiler breeder BW and nutrient intake on carcass traits were examined at photostimulation (PS) (21 wk) and at sexual maturity (SM) in birds of standard (STD) BW or either 20% lighter (LOW), or heavier (HIGH) at PS and subsequently allowed restricted (RF) or ad libitum (AL) access to feed. Of the 30 Shaver Starbro pullets assigned to each BW group at PS, 10 birds of each size were processed immediately for carcass analysis and 10 birds assigned to each of the RF and AL feeding regimens. Remaining birds were processed for assessment of carcass traits following SM. The mean BW of LOW, STD, and HIGH birds processed at PS were 1,639, 1,995, and 2,394 g, respectively. The relative breast muscle weight, abdominal fat pad weight, and total carcass lipid content of LOW birds were significantly lower than those of STD or HIGH birds. Body weight at PS primarily affected lipid stores, with absolute carcass lipid content being 103, 180, and 241 g in LOW, STD, and HIGH birds, respectively. The mean AL BW increased by 85% between PS and SM compared to 46% for RF birds. Although LOW birds weighed less than HIGH birds at SM, abdominal fat pad weight and carcass lipid content did not differ. Mean carcass lipid weight was 740 g in AL birds compared to 370 g in RF birds at SM. The use of AL feeding accelerated the onset of lay (25 d from PS) compared to RF birds (39 d), and removed body size effects on the rate of sexual maturation. Initial BW affected timing of SM in RF birds, with LOW, STD, and HIGH birds reaching SM 51, 38, and 27 d after PS, respectively. As the carcass composition of these birds varied greatly at PS, improving BW and composition uniformity at PS would be beneficial for a more uniform onset of lay and reduced early production losses from small hens. Whereas thresholds for BW, carcass protein, or carcass lipid appeared to affect the onset of lay in RF birds, the rapid onset of production in their AL counterparts suggests that the actual internal signal for reproductive development is more likely a metabolic one.
ChemInform Abstract: SAEURENKATALYSIERTE ADDITION VON PHENOLEN UND ESSIGSAEURE AN ALKENE (1971)

Abstract Es wird die Addition von Phenolen, wie z.B. (III), an die Doppelbindung der Alkene (II) bzw. (IV) bei 80‐130°C (Ölbad) in Gegenwart von überschüssigen Katalysatoren wie H 2 SO 4 , p‐Toluol‐ bzw. Methansulfonsäure oder HBF 4 untersucht.
Towards Interactive Virtual Dogs as a Pervasive Social Companion in Augmented Reality (2020)

Pets and animal-assisted intervention sessions have shown to be beneficial for humans' mental, social, and physical health. However, for specific populations, factors such as hygiene restrictions, allergies, and care and resource limitations reduce interaction opportunities. In parallel, understanding the capabilities of animals' technological representations, such as robotic and digital forms, have received considerable attention and has fueled the utilization of many of these technological representations. Additionally, recent advances in augmented reality technology have allowed for the realization of virtual animals with flexible appearances and behaviors to exist in the real world. In this demo, we present a companion virtual dog in augmented reality that aims to facilitate a range of interactions with populations, such as children and older adults.We discuss the potential benefits and limitations of such a companion and propose future use cases and research directions.
Discrete spatial solitons (2002)

/sup W/e will review our recent experimental results in nonlinear waveguide arrays and discuss the differences between continuous and discrete nonlinear systems. When a discrete soliton is launched in a waveguide array, it resembles in many ways its continuous counterpart. However, since a slab is invariant to translations and rotations, no significant changes are observed when standard spatial solitons are launched at an angle, or in different initial positions. When a discrete soliton is launched with a phase-gradient across the initial distribution, it hops sideward while propagating along the array. The deviation from the continuous case appears particularly at higher powers, where the soliton may lock to the initial waveguides, suppressing the transverse motion. The previous situation can be reversed by launching a straight beam in an arbitrary position of the array. An asymmetric distribution of power in adjacent waveguides can generate a nonlinear phase gradient and therefore, induce power dependent steering of the discrete soliton. We will present experimental results showing how significant steering of a "discrete" spatial soliton beam can be obtained through a much smaller "control" of the input beam parameters.
Structure and function analysis of <i>Pseudomonas</i> plant cell wall hydrolases (1998)

Conference Article| May 01 1998 Structure and function analysis of Pseudomonas plant cell wall hydrolases G. P. Hazlewood; G. P. Hazlewood *Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology, The Babraham Institute, Babraham, Cambridge CB2 4AT, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar H. J. Gilbert H. J. Gilbert 1 †Department of Biological and Nutritional Sciences, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K. 1To whom correspondence should be addressed. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1998) 26 (2): 185–189. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0260185 Article history Received: November 14 1997 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation G. P. Hazlewood, H. J. Gilbert; Structure and function analysis of Pseudomonas plant cell wall hydrolases. Biochem Soc Trans 1 May 1998; 26 (2): 185–189. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0260185 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: CBD, cellulose binding domain This content is only available as a PDF. © 1998 Biochemical Society1998 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Abstract 271: Ampkα1/Prkaa1 Facilitates Excess Nutrients-induced Endothelial Inflammation in HFD-induced Mouse Metabolic Syndrome (2020)

Introduction: Excess nutrients-induced EC inflammation is a hallmark in high fat diet (HFD)- induced metabolic syndrome. AMPKα1/PRKAA1 shows its beneficial effects in many studies of cardiometaboli...
Optoacoustic effect in SF6 (1985)

Short pulses (∼1 μs) of 10.6-μ radiation from a CO2 laser have been used to generate optoacoustic pulses in gaseous SF6. The optical path length for 10.6-μ radiation in SF6 is very short at intermediate pressures (∼1 Torr) so a strong acoustic pulse is generated which travels in the direction of the incident laser beam (in addition to cylindrical expansion). As the gas pressure is decreased, the optical path length increases resulting in an acoustic pulse with a shape dominated by collisional transfer in SF6. As the pressure is lowered further (∼200 mTorr), thermal conduction to the test cell walls and spontaneous radiation by the excited gas become important. As these mechanisms begin to compete with slow collisional energy transfer processes, the optoacoustic signal changes in sign. A microscopic description of the behavior will be offered. [Work supported by ONR.]
Pegfilgrastim in dose-dense, sequential adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with breast cancer (BC) (2006)

10708 Background: Large randomized trials in the US and Europe have recently shown, that increased dose density of adjuvant chemotherapy leads to a relevant and significant prolongation of disease-free and overall survival in breast cancer. Dose density refers to the administration of drugs with a shortened intertreatment interval. G-CSF support is an essential requirement for increasing dose intensity. We explored the feasibility of pegylated filgrastim (Neulasta) in this setting. Methods: Patients (pts) up to the age of 60 with a confirmed histology of breast cancer and lymph node involvement were recruited into the study. A dose-dense chemotherapy, consisting of 3 x 4 sequential single drug cycles of epirubicin 90 mg/m 2 , paclitaxel 175 mg/m 2 , and cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m 2 was planned on a two-weekly schedule (similar to Citron et al., J Clin Oncol, 21 (2003): 1431–1439). Pegfilgrastim was to be administered on day 2 of each cycle, 24 h after chemotherapy application. Results: Seventeen pts with a mean age of 49 years were enrolled into this feasibility study. 76% of pts had pN2–3 stage, 65% G2 and 35% G3 tumors, 71%/47% a positive estrogen/progesterone receptor status, respectively. All but one pt were HER2-negative. The full number of 12 cytotoxic courses could be administered in all but one patient due to an anaphylactic reaction against paclitaxel. A total of nine weeks of treatment delay was recorded in 6 of the remaining 16 patients (38%), resulting in an overall mean relative dose intensity of 95.9% (range 80– 100%). Pegfilgrastim was given during 85% of the 198 courses. Febrile or grade 4 neutropenia were not recorded, grade 3 neutropenia in one cycle (6%) without G-CSF support. Antibiotic treatment was necessary in only 18% of pts. Median peak WBC count during the complete treatment course was 28,150/μl, no values above 100,000/μl were recorded. Bone pain was reported in 4 patients (24%) and occurred in a total of 6 cycles (3%). Conclusions: Pegfilgrastim can be used safely and seems to achieve the required supportive efficiency in a dose dense sequential chemotherapy schedule for locally advanced BC. [Table: see text]
Accuracy of Discrete-Velocity BGK Models for the Simulation of the Incompressible Navier-Stokes Equations (1993)

Two discretizations of a 9-velocity Boltzmann equation with a BGK collision operator are studied. A Chapman-Enskog expansion of the PDE system predicts that the macroscopic behavior corresponds to the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with additional terms of order Mach number squared. We introduce a fourth-order scheme and compare results with those of the commonly used lattice Boltzmann discretization and with finite-difference schemes applied to the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in primitive-variable form. We numerically demonstrate convergence of the BGK schemes to the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations and quantify the errors associated with compressibility and discretization effects. When compressibility error is smaller than discretization error, convergence in both grid spacing and time step is shown to be second-order for the LB method and is confirmed to be fourth-order for the fourth-order BGK solver. However, when the compressibility error is simultaneously reduced as the grid is refined, the LB method behaves as a first-order scheme in time.
Correction: Kif3a Guides Microtubular Dynamics, Migration and Lumen Formation of MDCK Cells (2013)

The microtubular motor Kinesin-2 and its subunit Kif3a are essential for the formation of primary cilia, an organelle implicated in a wide spectrum of developmental abnormalities. Outside cilia, Kinesin-2 mediated transport has been implicated in vesicle and N-cadherin transport, but it is unknown if and how extraciliary Kif3a affects basic cellular functions such as migration or the formation of multicellular structures. Here we show that tetracycline inducible depletion of Kif3a in MDCK cells slows epithelial cell migration. Microtubules at the leading edge of Kif3a depleted cells failed to grow perpendicularly into the leading edge and microtubular dynamics were dampened in Kif3a depleted cells. Loss of Kif3a retarded lateral membrane specification and completely prevented the formation of three-dimensional spheres in collagen. These data uncover that Kif3a regulates the microtubular cytoskeleton in the cell periphery and imply that extra-ciliary Kif3a has an unexpected function in morphogenesis.
Heavy metals in food products from corn (1974)

Concentrations of seven heavy metals (zinc, manganese, copper, lead, cadmium, chromium, and mercury) were determined for a wide variety of consumer oriented corn products: milled fractions, prepared breakfast and snack foods, canned and frozen sweet corn items, syrups, oil, and kernel popcorn. Samples were decomposed by wet oxidation, and six of the elements were determined by flame atomic absorption. Mercury was measured by a nonflame atomic absorption technique. Metal content ranged from a high of more than 200 γ zinc per g in a defatted corn germ flour to a low of less than 0.001 γ mercury per g in some products. The possible introduction of heavy metals into finished corn products by industrial processing was studied by comparing concentrations in finished products with previously determined heavy metal concentration in whole kernel corn.
Diagnosis of osteoarthritis and prognosis of tibial cartilage loss by quantification of tibia trabecular bone from MRI (2012)

A longitudinal study was used to investigate the quantification of osteoarthritis and prediction of tibial cartilage loss by analysis of the tibia trabecular bone from magnetic resonance images of knees. The Kellgren Lawrence (KL) grades were determined by radiologists and the levels of cartilage loss were assessed by a segmentation process. Aiming to quantify and potentially capture the structure of the trabecular bone anatomy, a machine learning approach used a set of texture features for training a classifier to recognize the trabecular bone of a knee with radiographic osteoarthritis. Using cross-validation, the bone structure marker was used to estimate for each knee both the probability of having radiographic osteoarthritis (KL >1) and the probability of rapid cartilage volume loss. The diagnostic ability reached a median area under the receiver-operator-characteristics curve of 0.92 (P < 0.0001), and the prognosis had odds ratio of 3.9 (95% confidence interval: 2.4-6.5). The medians of cartilage loss of the subjects classified as slow and rapid progressors were 1.1% and 4.9% per year, respectively. A preliminary radiological reading of the high and low risk knees put forward an hypothesis of which pathologies the bone marker could be capturing to define the prognosis of cartilage loss.
Advancements in craniofacial prosthesis fabrication: A narrative review of holistic treatment (2018)

The treatment of craniofacial anomalies has been challenging as a result of technological shortcomings that could not provide a consistent protocol to perfectly restore patient-specific anatomy. In the past, wax-up and impression-based maneuvers were implemented to achieve this clinical end. However, with the advent of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology, a rapid and cost-effective workflow in prosthetic rehabilitation has taken the place of the outdated procedures. Because the use of implants is so profound in different facets of restorative dentistry, their placement for craniofacial prosthesis retention has also been widely popular and advantageous in a variety of clinical settings. This review aims to effectively describe the well-rounded and interdisciplinary practice of craniofacial prosthesis fabrication and retention by outlining fabrication, osseointegrated implant placement for prosthesis retention, a myriad of clinical examples in the craniofacial complex, and a glimpse of the future of bioengineering principles to restore bioactivity and physiology to the previously defected tissue.
A 1D inversion for non-invasive time domain reflectometry (2008)

Time domain reflectometry may be used to non-invasively determine volumetric θv moisture content within various sample materials. For many practical applications, however (e.g. soil, pavement and concrete), the water distribution can be realistically described as being plane stratified. This leads to the possibility of decreasing the number of equations and unknowns in the system equation that describes the interaction of the transmission line's electric fields with the sample dielectric. Since the required solution is an inverse of the system equation, iteration must be performed and such a reduction in equation complexity becomes critical. The general form of the system equation, either before or after the stratification adjustment, is not readily amenable to the standard forms of optimization (e.g. steepest descent, conjugate gradient) so a Monte Carlo method is used with pre-computed values to mitigate against the usual speed problems associated with these methods. Simulation of the physical process shows that this technique provides a good estimate of θv provided that a suitable prior density is given. It is shown that this inversion is fast enough to allow real-time operational use of the TDR and can also provide a good measure of the individual error associated with each estimate.
Change of T Cell Immunity in Patients with Tuberculosis (1989)

Purified protein derivative (PPD) skin test is one of the in vivo methods to evaluate the cell.
Inelastic behaviors of steel shear tab connections (2013)

Inelastic behaviors of shear tab connections commonly used in modern steel buildings are investigated in this work. Full-scale steel shear tab connections with and without concrete slab physically tested by other researchers are closely simulated by non-linear finite element (FE) method. Different nonlinear FE features (inelastic materials, surface-based contacts and large geometric options) are included, and different solution strategies (Newton method and Explicit Dynamic method) are employed to balance computational effort and solution accuracy. The simulations extend our understandings on shear tab connections at micro levels, including stress distribution in the connection zone, movement of the neutral axis along the beam sections and normal stress distributions along steel shear tabs and concrete slabs. It is found that the shear tabs contribute to flexural strength of the beam-to-column connection and the elastic–plastic theory explains the observed behavior well only when concrete slab is not present. The composite steel shear tab connections have unsymmetrical behavior under negative and positive bending moments. The compressive concrete slabs significantly increase the flexural stiffness and strength of composite shear tab connections. It is also verified that the shear studs near steel columns play a key role for the composite connections. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Generation of the primary hair follicle pattern (2006)

Hair follicles are spaced apart from one another at regular intervals through the skin. Although follicles are predominantly epidermal structures, classical tissue recombination experiments indicated that the underlying dermis defines their location during development. Although many molecules involved in hair follicle formation have been identified, the molecular interactions that determine the emergent property of pattern formation have remained elusive. We have used embryonic skin cultures to dissect signaling responses and patterning outcomes as the skin spatially organizes itself. We find that ectodysplasin receptor (Edar)-bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling and transcriptional interactions are central to generation of the primary hair follicle pattern, with restriction of responsiveness, rather than localization of an inducing ligand, being the key driver in this process. The crux of this patterning mechanism is rapid Edar-positive feedback in the epidermis coupled with induction of dermal BMP4/7. The BMPs in turn repress epidermal Edar and hence follicle fate. Edar activation also induces connective tissue growth factor, an inhibitor of BMP signaling, allowing BMP action only at a distance from their site of synthesis. Consistent with this model, transgenic hyperactivation of Edar signaling leads to widespread overproduction of hair follicles. This Edar-BMP activation-inhibition mechanism appears to operate alongside a labile prepattern, suggesting that Edar-mediated stabilization of beta-catenin active foci is a key event in determining definitive follicle locations.
Generation of plasma columns for shorter-wavelength capillary discharge soft x-ray lasers utilizing a high-power Blumlein generator (1999)

Capillary discharge plasmas were generated with current pulses up to 200 kA and 10 - 90% rise time of about 10 ns using a water dielectric Blumlein generator. Time resolve spectra and pinhole images of the plasma columns generated in ceramic capillaries are presented. The data indicates that the plasma obtain in ceramic capillaries are hotter than those generated in polyacetal capillaries. The maximum degree of ionization, plasma dimensions and time evolution are in general agreement with model computations and show the generation of plasma columns 250 - 300 micrometers diameter with temperatures is congruent to 250 eV.
ChemInform Abstract: Production of Functionally Graded Materials from Electrochemically Modified Carbon Preforms. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A 26-Year-Old Woman With Shoulder Pain (2000)

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