gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Assignment of the gene for cytoplasmic superoxide dismutase ( <i>Sod-1</i> ) to a region of chromosome 16 and of <i>Hprt</i> to a region of the X chromosome in the mouse (1979)

In the search for homologous chromosome regions in man and mouse, the locus for cytoplasmic superoxide dismutase (SOD-1; superoxide:superoxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.15.1.1) is of particular interest. In man, the SOD-1 gene occupies the same subregion of chromosome 21 that causes Down syndrome when present in triplicate. Although not obviously implicated in the pathogenesis, SOD-1 is considered to be a biochemical marker for this aneuploid condition. Using a set of 29 mouse-Chinese hamster somatic cell hybrids, we assign Sod-1 to mouse chromosome 16. Isoelectric focusing permits distinction between mouse and Chinese hamster isozymes, and trypsin/Giemsa banding distinguishes mouse from Chinese hamster chromosomes. The mouse fibroblasts used were derived from a male mouse carrying Searle's T(X;16)16H reciprocal translocation in which chromosomes X and 16 have exchanged parts. Analysis of informative hybrids leads to regional assignment of Sod-1 to the distal half of mouse chromosome 16 (16B4 --> ter). Because the Chinese hamster cell line (380) used for cell hybridization is deficient in hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT; IMP: pyrophosphate phosphoribosyltransferase, EC 2.4.2.8), that part of the mouse X chromosome carrying the complementing Hprt gene can be identified by selection in hypoxanthine/aminopterin/thymidine medium and counterselection in 8-azaguanine. Mouse Hprt is on the X(T) translocation product containing the proximal region X cen --> XD.
Le phosphate inorganique bloque le cycle cellulaire des cellules endothéliales en phase G1 en augmentant l’expression de p16 et p27 (2016)

L’augmentation de la prévalence des maladies cardiovasculaires chez les patients présentant une insuffisance rénale chronique (IRC) s’explique en partie par une dysfonction endothéliale conduisant à un défaut d’angiogenèse. Lors de l’IRC, des toxines urémiques dont le phosphate inorganique (Pi) s’accumulent et pourraient donc être impliquées dans cette dysfonction endothéliale. L’objectif de cette étude est, par conséquent, de déterminer l’effet du Pi sur la prolifération des HUVEC et plus particulièrement sur les protéines régulatrices du cycle cellulaire. Nous avons étudié l’effet du phosphate inorganique (Pi à 2 ou 3 mM) sur la prolifération des cellules endothéliales (HUVEC) grâce à des tests de prolifération ainsi qu’à une analyse du cycle cellulaire. Puis, nous avons étudié l’effet du Pi sur les différentes protéines impliquées dans la régulation du cycle cellulaire par western-blot. Enfin, nous avons mesuré l’apoptose dans les HUVEC traitées avec le Pi. Nos résultats montrent que le Pi à 2 et 3 mM diminue significativement la prolifération cellulaire de 24 % (p < 0,01) et 33 % (p < 0,001) respectivement par rapport aux cellules non traitées (contrôle). De plus, le Pi augmente le nombre de cellules en phase G1 (81 % et 72 % respectivement pour 2 et 3 mM) vs contrôle (54 %). L’analyse en western-blot montre que le Pi non seulement diminue significativement la synthèse de la cycline D1 mais augmente également l’expression des inhibiteurs de cyclines (p16 et p27) bloquant ainsi le cycle cellulaire en phase G1. Nous avons également montré une augmentation significative de la mort cellulaire de 35 % par apoptose et de 52 % par nécrose des HUVEC traitées par le Pi (p < 0,01 vs contrôle). Nos résultats montrent ainsi que le Pi à 2 et 3 mM diminue significativement la prolifération des cellules endothéliales, une étape essentielle du processus angiogénique en bloquant le cycle cellulaire en phase G1 notamment en modulant la synthèse et l’expression de différentes protéines impliquées dans la régulation de la transition phase G1-S. Ces résultats pourraient en partie expliquer le rôle du Pi dans l’augmentation du risque de maladies cardiovasculaires et plus particulièrement le défaut d’angiogenèse périphérique observée chez les patients IRC.
Network Coding-Based On-Demand Multipath Routing in MANET (2012)

A Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is a dynamic wireless network that can be formed without the need for any pre-existing infrastructure in which each node can act as a router. Due to bandwidth constraint and dynamic topology of mobile ad hoc networks, multipath supported routing is a very important research issue. This paper proposes a Network Coding-based on-demand Multipath Routing algorithm in MANET (NCMR). It is typically proposed in order to increase the reliability of data transmission or to provide load balancing. In our simulation, we compare NCMR routing protocol with AODVM routing protocol, in terms of the packet delivery ratio, packet overhead, and average end-to-end delay when a packet is transmitted. The simulation results show that the NCMR routing protocol provide an accurate and efficient method of estimating and evaluating the route stability in dynamic MANETs.
Development of a new ammonia‐based energy storage option for grid balancing (2020)

Abstract In the present study, a new ammonia‐based system is developed and investigated as an energy storage option. In this regard, an environmentally benign cyclic synthesis and usage of ammonia is proposed. The proton exchange membrane‐based electrolysis is used for hydrogen generation with cyclic water usage and production. A direct ammonia fuel cell is employed for power generation. The performance of the developed system is investigated through both energetic and exergetic analyses. In addition, different phases of charging and discharging are considered during the energy storage operation. Furthermore, several parametric investigations are conducted to study the effects of changing operating conditions. The energy efficiency of the charging phase is found to be 41.1% and the exergy efficiency is evaluated to be 43.7%. Moreover, the energetic efficiency of the discharging phase is 78.1% while the exergetic efficiency is 73.4%. The overall efficiency of the system considering both charging and discharging phases is evaluated as 32.1%.
Human forebrain activation by visceral stimuli (1999)

Visceral function is essential for survival. Discreet regions of the human brain controlling visceral function have been postulated from animal studies (Cechetto and Saper [1987] J. Comp. Neurol. 262:27-45) and suspected from lethal cardiac arrythmias (Cechetto [1994] Integr. Physiol. Behv. Sci. 29:362-373). However, these visceral sites remain uncharted in the normal human brain. We used 4-Tesla functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to identify changes in activity in discrete regions of the human brain previously identified in animal studies to be involved in visceral control. Five male subjects underwent heart rate (HR) and/or blood pressure (BP) altering tests: maximal inspiration (MX), Valsalva's maneuver (VM), and isometric handgrip (HG). Increased neuronal activity was observed during MX, VM, and HG, localized in the insular cortex, in the posterior regions of the thalamus, and in the medial prefrontal cortex. To differentiate special visceral (taste) regions from general visceral (HR, BP) regions in these areas, response to gustatory stimulation was also examined; subjects were administered saline (SAL) and sucrose (SUC) solutions as gustatory stimuli. Gustatory stimulation increased activity in the ventral insular cortex at a more inferior level than the cardiopulmonary stimuli. The observed neural activation is the first demonstration of human brain activity in response to visceral stimulation as measured by fMRI.
Muscarinic effects of vagosympathetic trunk stimulation on the repetitive extrasystole (RE) threshold. (1976)

The precise mechanism of the vagus in opposing adrenergic influences on cardiac vulnerability has not been defined. In the present investigation, cholinergic stimulation was produced by administering the selective muscarinic agent methacholine (MCh) and ventricular vulnerability was assessed by measuring the repetitive extrasystole (RE) threshold. MCh produced a sustained 98 +/- 12% (P less than 0.0001) increase in the RE threshold; the increase was abolished by concurrent infusion of atropine (0.2 mg/kg). When MCh was administered during beta-adrenergic blockade with propranolol, however, no further increase in RE threshold occurred beyond that resulting from propranolol alone. Infusion of norepinephrine (NE), in a dose insufficient to provoke systemic hypertension, significantly lowered the vulnerable period threshold. This decrease was completely abolished by concurrent vagosympathetic stimulation (VS). It is concluded that VS affects ventricular vulnerability through its muscarinic action and that the protection against VF is in part due to modulation of neural and humoral beta-adrenergic inputs.
XGobi: Interactive Dynamic Data Visualization in the X Window System (1998)

Abstract XGobi is a data visualization system with state-of-the-art interactive and dynamic methods for the manipulation of views of data. It implements 2-D displays of projections of points and lines in high-dimensional spaces, as well as parallel coordinate displays and textual views thereof. Projection tools include dotplots of single variables, plots of pairs of variables, 3-D data rotations, various grand tours, and interactive projection pursuit. Views of the data can be reshaped. Points can be labeled and brushed with glyphs and colors. Lines can be edited and colored. Several XGobi processes can be run simultaneously and linked for labeling, brushing, and sharing of projections. Missing data are accommodated and their patterns can be examined; multiple imputations can be given to XGobi for rapid visual diagnostics. XGobi includes an extensive online help facility. XGobi can be integrated in other software systems, as has been done for the data analysis language S, the geographic information system (GIS) Arc View™, and the interactive multidimensional scaling program XGvis. XGobi is implemented in the X Window System™ for portability as well as the ability to run across a network.
Supplementary Material for: Unknown Primary Melanoma: Worldwide Survey on Clinical Management (2017)

<b><i>Background:</i></b> How to deal with melanoma of unknown primary (MUP) origin is a debated topic in the literature. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> We performed a worldwide survey to inquire what clinical and investigational workup is performed as well as the physicians' perception of this disease. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A questionnaire was sent via mail to clinicians involved in melanoma care from December 2015 to April 2016 using the International Dermoscopy Society website. <b><i>Results:</i></b> 119 physicians from 47 different countries answered the questionnaire. The most reported examination was skin examination followed by CT and/or PET scans. All the participants declared asking about previous excisions of skin lesions with 81% of them asking for a histopathological slide review of previous biopsies. Half of the participants checked for a possible vitiligo phenomenon that may explain regression of the primary lesion. <i>BRAF, cKIT,</i> and <i>GNAQ</i> mutations were screened by 32% of participants. The majority of participants (76%) applied the same treatment protocols for MUP as patients with known primary melanomas of the same AJCC stage. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Strong heterogeneity was found between physicians dealing with MUP. Thus, a consensus document should be strongly encouraged.
The deep seismic structure of the moon (1977)

Data from 24 deep moonquakes are used to investigate the seismic structure of the lunar interior below the 300-500 km level. The deep moonquakes provide an uninterrupted ray-path coverage of the lunar mantle. Lower mantle seismic velocities are determined; the data suggest that moonquakes are confined to the near-side lower mantle. A compositional change rather than temperature effects is assumed to explain the upper mantle-lower mantle transition.
Photoactivation of Noncovalently Assembled Peptide Ligands on Carbon Nanotubes Enables the Dynamic Regulation of Stem Cell Differentiation (2016)

Stimuli-responsive hybrid materials that combine the dynamic nature self-assembled organic nanostructures, unique photophysical properties of inorganic materials, and molecular recognition capability of biopolymers can provide sophisticated nanoarchitectures with unprecedented functions. In this report, infrared (IR)-responsive self-assembled peptide-carbon nanotube (CNT) hybrids that enable the spatiotemporal control of bioactive ligand multivalency and subsequent human neural stem cell (hNSC) differentiation are reported. The switching between the ligand presented and hidden states was controlled via IR-induced photothermal heating of CNTs, followed by the shrinkage of the thermoresponsive dendrimers that exhibited lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behavior. The control of the ligand spacing via molecular coassembly and IR-triggered ligand presentation promoted the sequential events of integrin receptor clustering and the differentiation of hNSCs into electrophysiologically functional neurons. Therefore, the combination of our nanohybrid with biomaterial scaffolds may be able to further improve effectiveness, durability, and functionality of the nanohybrid systems for spatiotemporal control of stem cell differentiation. Moreover, these responsive hybrids with remote-controllable functions can be developed as therapeutics for the treatment of neuronal disorders and as materials for the smart control of cell function.
Human peripheral eosinophils express functional interferon-gamma receptors (IFN-γR) (1997)

In order to determine whether or not IFN-gammaR is associated with regulatory mechanisms on human eosinophil function, we examined the expression of functional IFN-gammaR on human peripheral eosinophils. In this study, peripheral blood eosinophils were obtained from seven normal controls and 12 patients (bronchial asthma, n = 9, and hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES), n = 3), and the purity of eosinophils was 97.11 +/- 2.31%, n = 19. We first showed that anti-IFN-gammaR alpha-chain MoAb reacted with all tested eosinophils of both normal controls and patients by flow cytometry analysis. We also showed expression of mRNA for the alpha-chain of IFN-gammaR in all purified eosinophils of six individuals. Further, to characterize IFN-gammaR on eosinophils, we did binding experiments with 125I-IFN-gamma on purified peripheral eosinophils. The linear Scatchard plot indicated a single type of high-affinity binding sites (dissociation constant (Kd) = 3.89-4.95 x 10(-10) M, numbers of binding sites = 183-233/cell, n = 3). To determine whether IFN-gammaR on eosinophils is functional, we examined surface eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP) and CD69 induction after IFN-gammaR ligation with recombinant human IFN-gamma (rhIFN-gamma) on eosinophils by flow cytometry. rhIFN-gamma stimulation significantly induced both ECP and CD69 expression on the 2-18 h-cultured eosinophils in a dose-dependent manner. Further, the effects of rhIFN-gamma stimulation were significantly blocked by both a neutralizing anti-IFN-gamma MoAb and a blocking anti-IFN-gammaR MoAb. These results suggest that human peripheral eosinophils express functional IFN-gammaR.
Effect of partial mode locking on second harmonic generation (1979)

Theoretical and experimental investigations were made of the effect of partial locking of domain-type axial and transverse modes on the characteristics of second harmonic generation. An analysis was made in the constant field approximation using a second-order correlation function formalism and the reverse effect of the second harmonic was allowed for by a numerical technique using a digital computer. It was shown that partial locking of these modes increases the conversion efficiency by a factor of 8–14 compared with single-frequency conditions for nonlinear crystals having small anisotropy angles. It is noted that in nonlinear crystals having large anisotropy angles the efficiency of second harmonic generation by a fundamental-frequency beam with partially locked transverse modes is reduced substantially.
Direct comparison of four different biomass estimation techniques against conventional dry weight measurements (1998)

Founded in 1683 in Leiden, the Netherlands, Brill is a leading international academic publisher in the Humanities, Social Sciences, International Law, and Biology. With offices in the Netherlands, Germany, Austria, the USA and Asia, Brill today publishes more than 360 journals and 2,000 new books and reference works each year as well as a large number of databases and primary source research collections.
Online Periodic Self-Test Scheduling for Real-Time Processor-Based Systems Dependability Enhancement (2009)

Online periodic self-testing is a cost-effective technique to ensure correct operation of microprocessor-based systems in the field and improve their dependability in the presence of failures caused by components aging/wearout. Effective online self-test tasks in embedded systems should have limited resource requirements: memory, execution time, and power consumption, while at the same time, they should guarantee the highest possible self-test quality levels. These requirements are not always easy to satisfy in real-time embedded systems with hard task deadlines. In this paper, we investigate the maximization of the effective self-test utilization and present solutions for the scheduling of online self-test tasks in hard real-time systems. The primary goal is to guarantee high self-test quality without affecting the deadline requirements of normal hard real-time tasks. We show that with appropriate selection of the periodicity of the self-test tasks, these goals can be met.
Resource Assignment for Rate Maximization With QoS Guarantees in Multiservice Wireless Systems (2012)

We formulate the resource assignment problem of maximizing the spectral efficiency of a wireless system subject to user satisfaction constraints in the multiservice scenario that is a challenging resource allocation problem from the system operators' point of view. We show that although this optimization problem is nonlinear, it can be converted to an integer linear program. This way, the optimal solution can be obtained by standard techniques. Due to the high computational complexity to obtain the optimal solution, we propose a fast suboptimal algorithm named Reallocation-based Assignment for Improved Spectral Efficiency and Satisfaction (RAISES). Simulation results show that our proposal achieves near-optimal performance in low and medium loads with a much lower computational complexity compared with the algorithm used to obtain the optimal solution. Therefore, the RAISES algorithm achieves a good tradeoff between performance and computational complexity.
G-protein-mediated Ca2+ sensitization of smooth muscle contraction through myosin light chain phosphorylation (1991)

The Ca2+ sensitivities of tonic (pulmonary and femoral artery) and phasic (portal vein and ileum) smooth muscles and the effects of guanosine 5'-O-(gamma-thiotriphosphate) (GTP gamma S) and norepinephrine on Ca2+ sensitivity of force development and myosin light chain (MLC20) phosphorylation were determined in permeabilized preparations that retained coupled receptors and endogenous calmodulin. The Ca2+ sensitivity of force was higher (approximately 3-fold) in the tonic than in the phasic smooth muscles. The nucleotide specificity of Ca2+ sensitization was: GTP gamma S much greater than GTP greater than ITP much greater than CTP = UTP. Baseline phosphorylation (7% at pCa greater than 8) and maximal phosphorylation (58% at pCa 5.0) were both lower in portal vein than in femoral artery (20 and 97%). Norepinephrine and GTP gamma S increased phosphorylation at constant [Ca2+] (pCa 7.0-6.5). MLC20 phosphorylation induced by norepinephrine was completely inhibited by guanosine 5'-O-(beta-thiodiphosphate) (GDP beta S). In portal vein at pCa 5, GTP gamma S increased phosphorylation from 58%, the maximal Ca2(+)-activated value, to 75%, and at pCa greater than 8, from 7 to 13%. In femoral artery at pCa 5, neither phosphorylation (97%) nor force was affected by GTP gamma S, while at pCa greater than 8, GTP gamma S caused an increase in force (16% of maximum) with a borderline increase in MLC20 phosphorylation (from 20 to 27%). MLC20 phosphorylation (up to 100%) was positively correlated with force. The major results support the hypothesis that the G-protein coupled Ca2(+)-sensitizing effect of agonists on force development is secondary to increased MLC20 phosphorylation.
Innervation of Hyperalgesic Skin in Patients with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (1996)

A major difference in distribution or change in histochemical content of cutaneous autonomic or nociceptor fibers is unlikely to underly static mechanical hyperalgesia following a soft-tissue or peripheral nerve injury. The relevance of cutaneous nerve tangles for the pathophysiology of RSD is uncertain.
On the achievable improvement by the linear minimum mean square error detector (2009)

Linear minimum mean square error (MMSE) detector has been shown to alleviate the noise amplification problem, resulting in the conventional zero-forcing (ZF) detector. In this paper, we analyze the performance improvement by the MMSE detector in terms of the condition number of its filtering matrix, and in terms of the post-precessing signal to noise ratio (SNR) improvement. To this end, we derive explicit formulas for the condition numbers of the filtering matrices and the post-processing SNRs. Analytical and simulation results demonstrate that the improvement achieved by the MMSE detector over the ZF detector is not only dependent on the noise variance and the condition number of the channel matrix, but also on how close the smallest singular values are to the noise variance.
A facile synthesis of optically active 3-ethyl- and 3-butylphthalides via catalytic enantioselective addition of dialkylzinc reagents to o-phthalaldehyde (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA facile synthesis of optically active 3-ethyl- and 3-butylphthalides via catalytic enantioselective addition of dialkylzinc reagents to o-phthalaldehydeMakoto Watanabe, Norifumi Hashimoto, Shuki Araki, and Yasuo ButsuganCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 2, 742–744Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00028a061https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00028a061research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views425Altmetric-Citations74LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts