gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An IEEE 488 Interface Bus Controller (1982)

An inexpensive IEEE 488 interface bus controller based on a Motorola MEK6800D2 kit is described. The controller provides ten user commands and requires minimum modification of the kit. Hardware and software are described, and an example is given demonstrating their interaction.
Time dependent analysis of active and passive optical bistability in semiconductors (1985)

A time-dependent theory of optical bistability is developed and applied to laser amplifiers and passive semiconductor etalons. Results of the theory show an output intensity spike in switch-up which occurs after a time delay determined largely by the carrier recombination time, and before which the transition is unstable. Although for passive etalons the spike is rather broad (of order 1 ns for parameters appropriate to GaAs at 0.85 ?m or InGaAsP at 1.55 ?m) and of low amplitude, for amplifiers it is roughly an order of magnitude narrower and higher in amplitude. As a consequence, it is predicted that clock speeds for semiconductor bistable switching elements will be limited to rates commensurate with the carrier recombination time, not only for switch-down operations (as already well known) but also for switch-up operations.
JUMONJI, a Critical Factor for Cardiac Development, Functions as a Transcriptional Repressor (2003)

JUMONJI (JMJ) is a nuclear factor that is critical for normal cardiovascular development, evidenced by the analysis of jmj homozygous mutant mice. However, the molecular function of JMJ remains to be elucidated. In the present study, we investigated whether JMJ is a transcriptional modulator. Reporter gene assays using the GAL4-DNA binding domain fused to JMJ and a reporter gene consisting of the GAL4 binding sites upstream of a luciferase reporter gene indicated that JMJ functions as a powerful transcriptional repressor. The DNA binding motif of JMJ was determined using CASTing experiments by incubating a random oligonucleotide library with the GST-JMJ fusion protein coupled to agarose beads. Among the selected binding oligonucleotides, the high affinity DNA binding sequences were identified by gel retardation assays. JMJ repressed expression of the reporter genes containing the high affinity JMJ binding sequences, indicating that JMJ is a DNA-binding transcriptional repressor. The domains for transcriptional repression, DNA binding, and nuclear localization signal were mapped by mutational analyses using reporter gene assays, gel retardation assays, and immunostaining experiments, respectively. The present data demonstrate for the first time that JMJ functions as a DNA-binding transcriptional repressor. Therefore, JMJ may play a critical role in transcription factor cascade to regulate expression of heart-specific genes and normal cardiac development.
Electrodeposition of Adherent Titanium Coatings on Induction Heated Cathodes in Fused Salts (1959)

A new electrolytic method for the deposition of adherent coatings of titanium on steel cathodes is described. The procedure involves the use of fused alkali‐halide baths composed of eutectic mixtures of lithium, potassium or sodium iodides, bromides, chlorides, and fluorides, with a high‐frequency‐heated cathode and a soluble titanium anode. The bath composed of performed best and deposited a very smooth and uniform titanium coating. Conversely, the bath composed of and (2 to 5%) yielded dendritic Ti and is therefore considered more suitable for an electrorefining process. Equipment and operating conditions are described and the microstructure of the coating produced is reported. A series of decomposition voltage curves is included and discussed, and the mechanism of the electrolytic reactions is studied in detail.
Smart home research (2005)

This paper is a survey for smart home research, from definition to current research status. First we give a definition to smart home, and then describe the smart home elements, typical research projects, smart home networks research status, smart home appliances and challenges at last.
Strategies toward Organic Carbon Monoxide Prodrugs (2018)

Carbon monoxide is widely acknowledged as an important gasotransmitter in the mammalian system with importance on par with that of nitric oxide. It has also been firmly established as a potential therapeutic agent with a wide range of indications including organ transplantation, cancer, bacterial infection, and inflammation-related conditions such as colitis and sepsis. One major issue in developing CO based therapeutics is its delivery in a pharmaceutically acceptable form. Currently, there are generally five forms of deliveries: inhaled CO, photosensitive CO-releasing molecules, encapsulated CO, CO dissolved in drinks, and molecules that would release CO under physiological conditions without the need for light. For over a decade, the last category only included metal-based CO releasing molecules. What had been missing were organic CO prodrugs, which release CO under physiological conditions with tunable rates and in response to various exogenous and endogenous triggers such as water, chemical reagents, esterase, ROS, and changes in pH. This Account describes our work in this area as well as the demonstration for these organic prodrugs to recapitulate CO's pharmacological effects both in vitro and in vivo. Generally, two categories of CO prodrugs have been developed in our lab. Both can be considered as precursors of norbornadien-7-ones, which readily undergo cheletropic reaction under very mild conditions to extrude CO. The first category of CO prodrugs capitalizes on the inter- and intramolecular inverse electron demand Diels-Alder (DA<sub>inv</sub>) reaction to trigger CO release under physiological conditions. As for the bimolecular CO prodrugs, we proposed a new concept of "enrichment triggered CO release" by conjugating both components with a mitochondria-targeting moiety to achieve targeted CO delivery with improved biological outcomes in vitro and in vivo. As for the unimolecular CO prodrugs, the release half-lives can be readily tuned from minutes to days by varying the substituents on the dienone ring, the tethering linker, and the alkyne. Some significant structure-release rates relationships (SRRs) have been unveiled. An esterase-activated CO prodrug and a cascade prodrug system for co-delivery of CO and another payload have also been devised using such an intramolecular click and release strategy. The second category of CO prodrugs leverage on an elimination reaction to generate norbornadien-7-ones for CO release from norborn-2-en-7-ones. In the case of pH-sensitive ones, the CO release is triggered by β-elimination, and the release rate can be quantitatively predicted using the Hammett constant of the substituents on the leaving group. The ROS-activated ones take advantage of ROS-induced selenoxide elimination to achieve targeted CO delivery to disease sites with elevated ROS level. We strongly believe that these CO prodrugs could serve as powerful tools for CO-associated biological studies and are promising candidates for ultimate clinical applications.
Current Distribution Measurements Within the Human Cochlea (1981)

The magnitudes of the currents returned through each ground electrode fine of a multiple-electrode cochlear implant array were determined during surgical implantations on two patients. These were often found to be distributed widely to points far from the stimulus electrode site. Further measurements made in in vitro solutions demonstrated that the distributions were due largely to the ground electrode interface impedances being significantly larger than the fluid-path impedances, and demonstrated that distributions could be changed by modification of the ground electrode interface impedances.
Hepatic‐Portal Vein Infusions of Glucagon‐Like Peptide‐1 Reduce Meal Size and Increase c‐Fos Expression in the Nucleus Tractus Solitarii, Area Postrema and Central Nucleus of the Amygdala in Rats (2010)

We recently reported that brief, remotely controlled intrameal hepatic-portal vein infusions of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) reduced spontaneous meal size in rats. To investigate the neurobehavioural correlates of this effect, we equipped male Sprague-Dawley rats with hepatic-portal vein catheters and assessed (i) the effect on eating of remotely triggered infusions of GLP-1 (1 nmol/kg, 5 min) or vehicle during the first nocturnal meal after 3 h of food deprivation and (ii) the effect of identical infusions performed at dark onset on c-Fos expression in several brain areas involved in the control of eating. GLP-1 reduced (P < 0.05) the size of the first nocturnal meal and increased its satiety ratio. Also, GLP-1 increased (P < 0.05) the number of c-Fos-expressing cells in the nucleus tractus solitarii, the area postrema and the central nucleus of the amygdala, but not in the arcuate or paraventricular hypothalamic nuclei. These data suggest that the nucleus tractus solitarii, the area postrema and the central nucleus of the amygdala play a role in the eating-inhibitory actions of GLP-1 infused into the hepatic-portal vein; it remains to be established whether activation of these brain nuclei reflect satiation, aversion, or both.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and You (2008)

The information provided in this handout does not necessarily reflect the views of the University of Minnesota Medical School physicians and faculty. These materials are provided for informational purposes only and are in no way intended to take the place of the advice and recommendations of your personal health care provider. You use the information provided in these handouts at your own risk.
Model predictive control of post-combustion CO<inf>2</inf> capture system for coal-fired power plants (2017)

The technique of post-combustion CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> capture is one of the most direct and effective means of reducing CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> emissions from coal-fired power plants. However, owing to the complex behavior of CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> capture system, such as large inertia, strong coupling among multi-variables, and strict constraints, the conventional PID controllers cannot meet the flexible operation requirement. For this reason, this paper proposes the use of model predictive control to improve the control performance of the CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> capture system. Subspace identification is firstly utilized to identify a model from input-output data of the CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> capture system. The power plant flue gas is considered in the modeling as measured disturbance, so that its influence can be quickly removed by the predictive control system. The model predictive controller is then developed on the identified model to regulate the CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> capture level and re-boiler temperature. To alleviate the effect of unknown disturbances and modeling mismatches, and achieve an offset-free tracking of the capture system, integral action is added by using an augmented state-space model in the controller design. Simulation results on an amine solvent-based post-combustion CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> capture system demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed controller.
In der Seitenkette halogenierte Methylpyridine und Methylchinoline (1963)

Abstract Bisher waren nur 2‐ und 4‐Trihalogenmethylpyridine und ‐chinoline durch direkte Halogenierung mit freiem Halogen leicht zugänglich. Die besonders wichtigen und sehr reaktionsfähigen Monohalogenmethyl‐Verbindungen mußten, von Ausnahmen abgesehen, auf Umwegen dargestellt werden. In dieser Arbeit wird ein Verfahren beschrieben, das die direkte Monochlorierung von 2‐Methylgruppen im technischen Maßstab ermöglicht. Außerdem wird ein Überblick über die Darstellungsmethoden und Eigenschaften von halogenmethylpyridinen und ‐chinolinen gegeben.
Design and implementation of dual-factor authentication file encryption system based on smart-phone (2012)

Designed and implemented a dual-factor authentication file encryption system based on smart-phone, analyzed the security of file encryption system and combined dual-factor authentication technology. Via the mutual approval between Bluetooth as well as application-specific communication protocol and the computer, the system used the smart-phone as a hardware encryption key to set up a file cabinet in the computer for storing private files to deal with the security of information storage. The application shown that the system is easy to use, highly expansible and has greatly improved the security of the data storage.
Automatic generation of e-government forms from semantic descriptions (2007)

Currently there are numerous initiatives for applying Semantic Web technologies to e-Government. Most of these efforts concentrate on the definition, discovery, orchestration and execution of Semantic Web services. The focus is thereby often on system-to-system communication and less on human-computer interaction. In this paper we present a way to generate web-forms out of an existing semantic description. The core difference to most of the existing similar approaches is that our semantic description does not focus on web-service description: it simply utilizes Semantic Web technologies to provide a logic description of Public Administration Services and relevant parts of the e-Government domain. The idea is to automatically identify relevant input for a Public Administration Service based on the semantic description of the service and its business rules that must be applied to create the particular results. According to the relevant input a web-form is generated to gather the needed information from the citizen. This input is interactively checked against the procedure's business rules. If the provided data is correct and conforms to the ontology's restriction, the data, represented as XML and RDF, can be consumed by any application supporting the data interchange standard including Semantic Web services.
The histone deacetylase inhibitor MS‐275 induces <i>p21<sup>WAF1/Cip1</sup></i> expression in human Hep3B hepatoma cells (2007)

Abstract MS‐275 is a novel synthetic benzamide derivative histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, that has demonstrated antiproliferative activity in a variety of in vitro human cancer cell lines including breast, colon, lung, myeloma, ovary, pancreas, prostate, and leukemia. Currently, little information is available concerning the effects of MS‐275 on liver cancer cells. In the current study, MS‐275 was found to have potent actions against human hepatoma Hep3B cells including inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis. MS‐275 selectively up‐regulated a cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor, p21 WAF1/Cip1 without alteration of p27 WAF1 . Expression of p21 WAF1/Cip1 is considered to play a pivotal role in Hep3B cell growth arrest and induction of apoptosis. Induction of p21 WAF1/Cip1 expression was accompanied by an accumulation of acetylated histones H3 and H4 associated specifically with p21 WAF1/Cip1 gene. ChIP analysis revealed remarkable alterations in protein components bound to the promoter region of p21 WAF1/Cip1 gene in response to MS‐275 treatment. These included the degradation of HDAC1, HDAC3, and c‐Myc, and as well as increased p300 and RNA polymerase II. The selective effect of MS‐275 on the up‐regulation of the p21 WAF1/Cip1 gene whose expression was suppressed in the hepatoma cancer cell line indicated that it would be a very attractive approach in clinical liver cancer therapy. Drug Dev Res 68:61–70, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
False alarm estimation in an automated fingerprint identification system (AFIS) (2002)

Law enforcement uses automated fingerprint identification systems (AFIS) to identify people who are reported missing, wanted, or who require background investigation. AFIS employ automated searches of fingerprint features in feature databases. The feature records have relational links to other descriptive information. Quantitative AFIS evaluation includes measurement of missed detection (Type I) and false alarm (Type II) error rates. Some contemporary systems are designed to achieve a very low false alarm rate, creating an environment with sparse data for the error rate estimation. In this environment, expensive large scale testing is needed to observe a few false alarms and error rate estimation is challenging. The authors developed a method for estimating false alarms based on measuring the outcome of data entry processes. The method applies to one-to-many and one-to-one biometric systems used in law enforcement and security. The false alarm rate estimation method can be used during standard benchmark testing. It applies easily to AFIS because the data entry processes check input data to avoid duplicate entries. This authors present the method within the context of AFIS benchmarking. A short tutorial background on AFIS error rate measurement is provided. The theoretical foundation for the method is presented. The formulae used to estimate false alarm rate are presented with the needed extensions for applying them to data entry.
A Dual-Power-Mode Output Matching Network for Digitally Modulated CMOS Power Amplifier (2013)

A dual-power-mode output matching network for a digitally modulated power amplifier (DMPA) to improve low power efficiency is proposed. The DMPA with output matching network is fully integrated using a 0.13- μm RF CMOS process. The matching network incorporates a switched transformer and capacitors. The switched transformer is proposed for tuning its inductance to have two power modes. It is designed to minimize losses due to parasitic components of the switch transistor. The DMPA has a 12-bit resolution to enable a wide digital transmit power control (TPC) range. The peak power is 29.3 dBm with 34% efficiency. The efficiency at 16 dBm is improved from 8% to 13% by using the output matching network. Simple static predistortion helps the DMPA reconstruct 27.9-dBm WCDMA signals at 1.95 GHz with 31% efficiency. The digital TPC range is 25 dB.
Localized Hypothermia Aggravates Bleeding in the Collagenase Model of Intracerebral Hemorrhage (2014)

Animal studies testing whether therapeutic hypothermia is neuroprotective after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) have been inconclusive. In rodents, ICH is often produced in the striatum by infusing collagenase, which causes prolonged hemorrhaging from multiple vessels. Our previous data shows that this bleeding (hematoma) is worsened by systemic hypothermia given soon after collagenase infusion. In this study we hypothesized that localized brain hypothermia would also aggravate bleeding in this model (0.2 U of collagenase in 1.2 μL of saline). We also evaluated cooling after intrastriatal thrombin infusion (1 U in 30 μL of saline)-a simplified model of ICH thought to cause bleeding. Focal hypothermia was achieved by flushing cold water through an implanted cooling device attached to the skull underneath the temporalis muscle of adult rats. Previous work and data at this time shows this method cools the striatum to ∼33°C, whereas the body remains normothermic. In comparison to normothermic groups, cooling significantly worsened bleeding when instituted at 6 hours (∼94 vs. 42 μL, p=0.018) and 12 hours (79 vs. 61 μL, p=0.042) post-ICH (24-hour survival), but not after a 24-hour delay (36-hour survival). Rats were cooled until euthanasia when hematoma size was determined by a hemoglobin-based spectrophotometry assay. Cooling did not influence cerebral blood volume after just saline or thrombin infusion. The latter is explained by the fact that thrombin did not cause bleeding beyond that caused by saline infusion. In summary, local hypothermia significantly aggravates bleeding many hours after collagenase infusion suggesting that bleeding may have confounded earlier studies with hypothermia. Furthermore, these findings serve as a cautionary note on using cooling even many hours after cerebral bleeding.
Hematopoietic Microenvironment in the Fetal Liver: Roles of Different Cell Populations (2012)

Hematopoiesis is the main function of the liver during a considerable period of mammalian prenatal development. Hematopoietic cells of the fetal liver exist in a specific microenvironment that controls their proliferation and differentiation. This microenvironment is created by different cell populations, including epitheliocytes, macrophages, various stromal elements (hepatic stellate cells, fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells, mesenchymal stromal cells), and also cells undergoing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. This paper considers the involvement of these cell types in the regulation of fetal liver hematopoiesis.
TREATMENT OF MAJOR DEPRESSION IN GENERAL PRACTICE: A DOUBLE‐BLIND COMPARISON OF PAROXETINE AND LOFEPRAMINE (1996)

A six-week, double-blind, randomised study was used to compare the efficacy, tolerability, safety and effect on cognitive function of paroxetine with that of lofepramine in the treatment of 138 patients with major depression in general practice. Efficacy was assessed using the Montgomery and Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scale. Effect on cognitive function was assessed using the paired associate learning test and the serial "E' cancellation test. The results showed that the antidepressant efficacy of paroxetine was comparable to that of lofepramine in the treatment of depressed patients. Similar improvements in mean total MADRS scores were observed in both treatment groups, but a significantly greater improvement was seen in the CGI with paroxetine at weeks 2 and 4. The effect of treatment on cognitive function did not differ significantly across the two treatment groups, nor did the number of adverse events reported nor the overall tolerability.
Prolonged plasma exchange in the treatment of renal involvement in essential mixed cryoglobulinemia. (1983)

Four men and 2 women with Essential Mixed Cryoglobulinemia and a membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis were treated with prolonged Plasma Exchange without the addition of cytotoxic agents. All patients had Nephrotic Syndrome and Renal Insufficiency. Three of them presented a rapid deterioration of renal function just prior to Plasma Exchange treatment. Total number of procedures varied for each patients from 24 to 105. Serum creatinine decreased significantly in those patients with rapid deterioration of renal function, while it was not modified in the 3 with stable chronic renal failure. In no instance major side effects were recorded, and relapses of the disease did not occur, after gradually tapering of Plasma Exchange sessions. These data suggest that Plasma Exchange alone, if early instituted, may be an effective and safe treatment of Essential Mixed Cryoglobulinemia Glomerulonephritis.