gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
GPS-aided navigation and unaided navigation on the joint direct attack munition (2002)

The Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM) provides a low-cost accuracy enhancement to existing MK-83, MK-84, and BLU-109 weapons. Low-cost has been achieved through the use of commercial standards and high-volume production techniques. Accuracy improvements are achieved with a GPS-aided Inertial Navigation System (INS), an adaptive optimal guidance algorithm, an autopilot featuring a robust servo structure, and a tail actuator subsystem. Flight testing has demonstrated an impact uncertainty considerably less than the 13 meter Circular Error Probable (CEP) requirement in CPS-aided missions. This paper focuses on the JDAM navigator and Kalman filter algorithms that support both GPS-aided and unaided missions. The GPS-aided navigator consists of a tightly-coupled GPS/INS integration that supports both conventional and relative GPS operation. During GPS-aided operation, the JDAM Kalman filter is configured to estimate the basic kinematics states, calibrate critical inertial sensors, estimate GPS receiver clock errors, and estimate line-of-sight biases between the weapon and each NAVSTAR satellite tracked during the mission. JDAM also includes an unaided navigation mode that is used if GPS is denied. Unaided navigation relies on a transfer alignment algorithm to align the weapon's navigator to the carrier aircraft's navigator and to calibrate critical inertial sensors before release. Transfer alignment enhancements include senescence error estimation and an adaptive Kalman filter tuning algorithm that modifies filter process noise based on the weapon's vibration environment.
배율조정 및 스펙트럼 맞춤 입력지반운동 모델에 대한 비선형 단자유도 시스템의 파손확률 (2008)

비선형 구조계의 확률론적 지진해석 방법 중 대표적인 것은 지진 재해도 수준에 해당하는 입력지반운동 모델을 사용한 시간이력을 수행하여 그 응답의 확률분포를 예측하는 것이다. 이 연구에서는 널리 사용되고 있는 두 가지 입력지반운동 모델에 따른 구조계 응답의 분포특성 및 파손확률의 차이와 그 원인을 분석한다. 입력지반운동 모델로는 실제 지진기록을 배율 조정하여 사용하는 배율조정 입력지반운동과 설계 응답스펙트럼에 상응하는 인공 지진기록을 사용하는 스펙트럼 맞춤 입력지반운동 두 가지를 고려한다. 동일한 지진재해도 수준을 고려한 해석결과 설계 응답스펙트럼에 상응하는 인공 지진기록을 사용한 입력지반운동 모델은 실제 지진기록을 배율 조정한 입력지반운동 모델보다 평균적으로 응답을 크게 평가하였고 이로 인해 파손확률 또한 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 경향은 연약한 지반에서 더욱 현저한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 입력지반운동 모델에 따른 파손확률의 차이는 스펙트럼 맞춤 입력지반운동의 목표로 사용된 도로교 설계기준의 설계 응답스펙트럼이 실제 지진기록의 응답스펙트럼보다 장주기로 갈수록 응답을 크게 평가하도록 보수적으로 만들어졌기 때문인 것으로 나타났다.
A close-up detection method for movies (2010)

Close-up (CU) is a photographic technique which tightly frames a person or an object. In movies, it is applied to guide audience attention and to evoke audience emotion. In this paper, we detect face CU, object CU, and lean of movies, which are widely used to romance emotions. A lean consists of shots in a sequence, with a close-up shot as focus. A set of features are extracted by considering movie making techniques and human attention for CU detection. The features are average saliency, color entropy, color variance, face height, skin area, and texture scales. These features are tested through statistical hypothesis test to be significantly discriminating for CUs. Then, Support Vector Machine (SVM) is applied on these features to detect face CU and object CU. Based on the face CU and object CU detection result, lean is further detected by investigating the changing of the face/object size. Lean detection is of challenge due to the technique of montage. We solve this problem through color similarity estimation and SIFT point matching. Experimental results on four full length movies verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Preventing and Treating Skin Tears (2007)

Cynthia A. Fleck, MBA, BSN, RN, ET/WOCN, CWS, DNC, DAPWCA, FCCWS, is a certified wound specialist, dermatology clinical nurse specialist, writer, and speaker; vice-president, Clinical Marketing, Medline Industries Advanced Skin and Wound Care Division, Mundelein, IL; president-elect, American Academy of Wound Management; and board member, Association for the Advancement of Wound Care. She may be contacted at [email protected].
Harmonic source monitoring and identification using neural networks (1990)

Neural networks are applied to make initial estimates of harmonic sources in a power system with nonlinear loads. The initial estimates are then used as pseudomeasurements for harmonic state estimation, which further improves the measurements. This approach permits measurement of harmonics with relatively few permanent harmonic measuring instruments. Simulation tests show that the trained neural networks are able to produce acceptable estimates for varying harmonic sources and that the state estimator will generally pull these estimates closer to the correct values. The process successfully identified and monitored a suspected harmonic source that had not previously been measured.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Early abnormalities of pulmonary vascular development in the Fawn-Hooded rat raised at Denver's altitude (2000)

The Fawn-Hooded rat (FHR) is a genetic strain that has been extensively studied as a model of primary pulmonary hypertension in adult rats. Based on our recent observations that alveolar number and pulmonary arterial density are reduced in FHRs raised at Denver's altitude, we hypothesized that early abnormalities in pulmonary vascular development contribute to the progression of pulmonary hypertension in the FHR. We found that endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) protein content was lower in the lungs of fetal, 1- and 7-day-old, 3-week-old, and adult FHRs compared with that in the normal Sprague-Dawley (SDR) and Fischer rat strains, all raised at Denver's altitude. In contrast, lung expression of the endothelial proteins kinase insert domain-containing receptor/fetal liver kinase-1 (KDR/Flk-1) and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (CD31) was not different between strains. Barium arteriograms showed that pulmonary arterial density was reduced in 3-week-old FHRs compared with SDRs. Perinatal treatment of FHRs with mild hyperbaria to simulate sea-level alveolar PO(2) improved lung eNOS content and pulmonary vascular growth and reduced right ventricular hypertrophy. We conclude that the development of pulmonary hypertension in Denver-raised FHRs is characterized by reductions in lung eNOS expression and abnormal pulmonary vascular growth during the fetal, neonatal, and postnatal periods.
Design and implementation of adaptive slope compensation in current mode DC—DC converter (2010)

To improve the compensation for the inherent instability in a current mode converter, the adaptive slope compensation, giving attention to the problems of the traditional compensation on compensation accuracy, loading capability and turning jitter, is presented. Based on the analysis of current loop, by detecting the input and output voltage, converting the adaptive slope compensation current, the compensation of the current loop is optimized successfully. It can not only improve the compensation accuracy but also eliminate the over compensation, the turning jitter and the poor loading capability in the reported slope compensation. A power supply chip with adaptive slope compensation has been fabricated in a 0.35 μm CMOS process. The measurement results show that the chip starts up and operates steadily with the constant current limit under conditions of 5 V input voltage, from 10% to 100% duty cycle.
A Multi-agent Based Load Balancing Framework in Cloud Environment (2016)

Cloud computing is a commercial application of distributed system. With the rapid development of cloud computing, resource management problem has been widely studied and discussed. Most of the existing researches concern resource allocation by launching virtual machines, however, instant monitoring of the hosts, load balancing of the cloud platform is much more important for cloud providers. In this paper, a multi-Agent based distributed load balancing framework is proposed for cloud platform, it uses workload prediction technology and threshold buffering strategies to reduce the migration of VMs. Experiments show that our method can significantly reduce the workload data transmission and solve the frequent migration problem, which can effectively achieve load balancing, promote the utilization of the entire data center resources.
A Chirp-z-Transform-Based Software Synchronization Method for Optical Performance Monitoring (2011)

A software synchronization method based on chirp-z transform is proposed for optical performance monitoring in this letter. In comparison with the previously reported software synchronization methods, the proposed method is shown to have higher spectral resolution and shorter calculation time. The accuracy of the sampling step size for eye diagram recovery is efficiently improved. The experimental results of the eye-diagram and <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</i> factor demonstrate the validity of the newly developed method.
Supressive effect of maslinic acid from pomace olive oil on oxidative stress and cytokine production in stimulated murine macrophages (2006)

The pentacyclic triterpene maslinic acid (MA) is a natural compound present in the non glyceride fraction of pomace olive oil, also called orujo olive oil. This compound has previously demonstrated antioxidant properties against lipid peroxidation in vitro, but its effects on reactive oxygen and nitrogen-derived species and pro-inflammatory cytokines generated by a cell system have not yet been investigated. In this study, we have tested the effect of MA upon oxidative stress and cytokine production using peritoneal murine macrophages. MA significantly inhibited the enhanced production of nitric oxide (NO) induced by lypopolysaccharide (LPS) when it was measured by the nitrite production with an inhibitory concentration 50% value (IC(50)) of 25.4 microM. This inhibiting effect seems to be consequence of an action at the level of the LPS-induction of the inducible nitric oxide synthethase (iNOS) gene enzyme expression rather than to a direct inhibitory action on enzyme activity. The secretion of the inflammatory cytokines interleukine-6 and TNF-a from LPS-stimulated murine macrophages was also significantly reduced (p < 0.05 and 0.01) by 50 and 100 microM of MA. In addition, reactive oxygen species were measured after stimulation with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA). Thus, pre-treatment with MA reduced the generation of hydrogen peroxide from stimulated macrophages in a dose-dependent manner (IC(50): 43.6 microM) as assayed by the oxidation of the peroxidase enzyme. However, no inhibitory effect on superoxide release, measured by the reduction of ferricytochrome c, was observed after the pretreatment with MA in the culture medium. These results suggest a potential biopharmaceutical use of this hydroxy-pentacyclic triterpene derivative, present in orujo olive oil, on preventing oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokine generation.
[Central interleukin-1beta involved in modulation of motor behavior in novelty stress rats]. (2004)

Central interleukin-1beta plays an important role in modulation of motor behavioral response to novelty stress.
Spiral antenna with external feeding for planar applications (2003)

Spiral antennas are conventionally fed in the center of the spiral. For planar integration of the spiral antenna this conventional feeding structure is not possible. This contribution investigates the possibility of feeding an archimedean spiral antenna with two transmission lines connected to the outer radius of the spiral at opposite sides. Experimental results show that an operation bandwidth of 3:1 with radiation characteristics corresponding to the center-fed spiral is possible.
A Study on Performance Optimization of a Hydraulic Breaker (2011)

연구에서는 유압브레이커의 시뮬레이션 결과와 실제 실험 결과의 비교를 통해 시뮬레이션의 타당성을 검증하였다. 유압브레이커의 성능 향상을 위하여 비교적 설계 변경이 용이한 부품의 제원을 설계인자로 선정하였고, 요인시험과 회귀분석을 이용하여 각각의 설계 인자가 유압브레이커의 성능에 미치는 영향을 규명하였다. 본 연구의 결과로 기존 유압브레이커의 성능을 최대화 시킬 수 있는 방안을 제시하였다.
Nylon Backing for Dermatome Grafts (1945)

EXPERIENCE with many skin-grafting operations in the repair of burn wounds of all sizes has shown that the Padgett dermatome technic1 gives extremely satisfactory results but is time-consuming. To secure properly stretched grafts in place it is necessary to place many sutures at the periphery of the graft. Frequently the suturing is the lengthiest part of the operation and thereby increases the seriousness of the procedure. In addition, considerable care must be taken in the removal of the graft from the drum to prevent curling and wrinkling. For the same reason, it is difficult to use pieces of such grafts . . .
Alzheimer disease and HIV (2010)

HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND)1 remain common despite highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) that is effective both in the blood and the CSF.2,3 There are several potential reasons, each of which may be relevant in individual patients, but at present it is not clear what the dominant reason is at a population level. Moreover, we should recognize that what may be important in the next year or so may not be so in another 5 years as patients age and antiretroviral agents change. Additionally, some of the current study cohorts could be affected by a significant survivor bias, having remained alive despite suboptimal therapies in the past.

Some patients may have HAND as a consequence of an incomplete response to HAART, a so-called “legacy effect.” However, the relatively frequent development of HAND on HAART argues against this as a major explanation (reviewed in reference 2). Some patients with subclinical HAND may develop impairment as a consequence of an immune restoration disorder (IRD). This is an intriguing condition in which antiretroviral-induced improvement in immune function leads to an exacerbation of disease that was previously minor or subclinical: HAART may paradoxically “convert” asymptomatic impairment to dementia through enhancement of immunopathology. However, in relation …
Rapid diagnosis of Entamoeba infection by using Entamoeba and Entamoeba histolytica stool antigen detection kits (1995)

Humans are infected by two morphologically identical species of Entamoeba: Entamoeba histolytica causes amebic colitis and liver abscess, and Entamoeba dispar is noninvasive. Several weeks of culture and isoenzyme (zymodeme) analysis are required to differentiate E. histolytica from E. dispar. Here we report a field trial of commercial antigen detection kits designed to rapidly detect and differentiate E. histolytica from E. dispar in stool specimens. Stool specimens from 202 patients with diarrhea were examined for E. histolytica and E. dispar by microscopy, culture, and antigen detection. Compared with culture, microscopic identification of the E. histolytica-E. dispar complex was 60% sensitive and 79% specific, while the screening antigen detection test for the E. histolytica-E. dispar complex was 80% sensitive and 99% specific. Differentiation of E. dispar from E. histolytica by the E. histolytica-specific test was 95% sensitive and 93% specific compared with zymodeme analysis. We conclude that the antigen detection test for the E. histolytica-E. dispar complex is more sensitive and specific than microscopy and that the E. histolytica-specific antigen detection test is as reliable and much more rapid than zymodeme analysis for the differentiation of E. histolytica from E. dispar.
Windows Server 2008オフィシャルマニュアル (2009)

第４部 ネットワークのセキュリティ保護（セキュリティの計画；セキュリティの実装 ほか） 第５部 サポートしているサービスと機能（相互運用性；ソフトウェアの管理 ほか） 第６部 チューニング、メンテナンス、および修復（信頼性とパフォーマンスモニタ；障害回復計画 ほか） 第７部 付録（Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ Ｓｅｒｖｅｒ ２００３から変更されたインターフェイス；オプションのコンポーネント ほか）
The srs2 suppressor of UV sensitivity acts specifically on the RAD5- and MMS2-dependent branch of the RAD6 pathway (2001)

The SRS2 gene encodes a helicase that affects recombination, gene conversion and DNA damage repair in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Loss-of-function mutations in srs2 suppress the extreme sensitivity towards UV radiation of rad6 and rad18 mutants, both of which are impaired in post-replication DNA repair and damage-induced mutagenesis. A sub-branch within the RAD6 pathway is mediated by RAD5, UBC13 and MMS2, and a comprehensive analysis of the srs2 effect on other known members of the RAD6 pathway reported here now demonstrates that suppression by srs2 is specific for mutants within this RAD5-dependent sub-system. Further evidence for the concerted action of RAD5 with UBC13 and MMS2 in DNA damage repair is given by examination of the effects of cell cycle stage as well as deletion of other repair systems on the activity of post-replication repair. Finally, it is shown that MMS2, like UBC13 and many other repair genes, is transcriptionally up-regulated in response to DNA damage. The data presented here support the notion that RAD5, UBC13 and MMS2 encode an ensemble of genetically and physically interacting repair factors within the RAD6 pathway that is coordinately affected by SRS2.
Acute kidney injury in children (2008)

Acute kidney injury (AKI) (previously called acute renal failure) is characterized by a reversible increase in the blood concentration of creatinine and nitrogenous waste products and by the inability of the kidney to regulate fluid and electrolyte homeostasis appropriately. The incidence of AKI in children appears to be increasing, and the etiology of AKI over the past decades has shifted from primary renal disease to multifactorial causes, particularly in hospitalized children. Genetic factors may predispose some children to AKI. Renal injury can be divided into pre-renal failure, intrinsic renal disease including vascular insults, and obstructive uropathies. The pathophysiology of hypoxia/ischemia-induced AKI is not well understood, but significant progress in elucidating the cellular, biochemical and molecular events has been made over the past several years. The history, physical examination, and laboratory studies, including urinalysis and radiographic studies, can establish the likely cause(s) of AKI. Many interventions such as 'renal-dose dopamine' and diuretic therapy have been shown not to alter the course of AKI. The prognosis of AKI is highly dependent on the underlying etiology of the AKI. Children who have suffered AKI from any cause are at risk for late development of kidney disease several years after the initial insult. Therapeutic interventions in AKI have been largely disappointing, likely due to the complex nature of the pathophysiology of AKI, the fact that the serum creatinine concentration is an insensitive measure of kidney function, and because of co-morbid factors in treated patients. Improved understanding of the pathophysiology of AKI, early biomarkers of AKI, and better classification of AKI are needed for the development of successful therapeutic strategies for the treatment of AKI.
Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometric determination of cadmium after solid-liquid extraction with dithizone (2009)

A method for the determination of trace amount of cadmium ion after preconcentration by extracting its dithizone complex into molten naphthalene was developed. Several experimental conditions such as pH of the solution, stirring time, the amounts of naphthalene, standing time and volume of the solution were optimized. Trace amount of cadmium ion in aqueous solution of sample was chelated with 5 mL of 0.001 M dithizone at pH 8. After addition of 0.15 g naphthalene, the solution was heated to about 85 oC and stirred (800rpm) for 2 min to reproduce the microcrystalline naphthalene. Cadmium ion was determined by a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer. The interfering effects of diverse concomitant ions (cations and anions) wereinvestigated. Artificial sea water and a standard reference material (SRM) were analyzed by this method. The sensitivity and detection limit of 1.2 ngL-1 and 1.5 ng L-1 were found, respectively.
APIExample: An effective web search based usage example recommendation system for java APIs (2011)

Programmers often learn how to use an API by studying its usage examples. There are many usage examples scattered in web pages on the Internet. However, it often takes programmers much effort to find out the desired examples from a large number of web pages by web search. This paper proposes a tool named APIExample that can extract usage examples for java APIs from web pages on the Internet and recommend them to programmers. Given a java API, the tool collects its related web pages from the Internet, extracts java code snippets and their surrounding descriptive texts embedded in the pages, then assembles them into usage examples for programmers. Furthermore, in order to help programmers capture more kinds of usages of the target API by browsing fewer examples, our tool clusters and ranks the listed examples based on the target API's usage. Besides, as a practical tool, APIExample provides multiple aspects of frequently-used information about using the target API in a concise user interface with friendly user experience. Two kinds of user-interaction style, a web search portal and an Eclipse plug-in, are now both publicly available.
Papillary (Transitional) Carcinoma in an Ileal Conduit (1975)

An example of papillary carcinoma developing at the ureteroileal junction with herniation of the tumor into the lumen of an ileal conduit is reported. This and similar tumors have occurred within 4 years of urinary diversion, emphasizing the need for continued surveillance of patients with an ileal conduit. Patients with widespread atypia of the transitional epithelium of the urinary tract, such as ours, are especially prone to recurrent carcinoma and should be watched most carefully. Surgical excision of the tumor occurring at or near the ureteroileal junction should always include a cuff of ileum, as in the standard treatment of renal pelvic and ureteral tumors.
Classifying Indonesian Online Articles as Advertisement Placement Base Using Text Mining (2017)

Rapid development in technological aspect resulting in growing level of human needs for the latest news, so that emerged a new trend of publishing and accessing news through online media or usually called online journalism. In addition, the number of people who sell and purchase through online sites also continues to increase and this opportunity is utilized by the company and the advertiser by implementing targeted web advertising. However, the high number of articles that have been published and accessed leads to great opportunities for errors in determining where to place the ads. Therefore, it needs a system that can categorize articles accessed by users as the basis of advertisement placement by the company and this classification system can be done by applying the method of Data Mining and Text Mining. This research uses document data in the form of article content that will be categorized into twenty categories of class of advertisement by using Text Mining technique with Support Vector Machine algorithm. The results of this study may be used by companies or advertisers as a basis for placement of ads on selected online media sites.
Quality assurance in cereal plants. (1991)

Adapted from a chapter in AACC's new book on breakfast cereals, this article discusses the principal aspects of food plant quality assurance with special reference to breakfast cereals