gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Architecture for a massively multiplayer online role playing game engine (2002)

Faster networks, faster processors and 3D accelerator cards have contributed to the push for a new genre of online games, the Massively Multiplayer Online Role Playing Game, MMORPG. This paper presents a high-level software architecture for building a MMORPG engine. Six goals for the architecture are set, the architecture is presented and then examined to determine how well the goals have been met. The architecture blends in a unique way several classical software architecture patterns, using the strength of each to achieve the goals for the system.
Transmission and Self-Generated Noise Characteristics of Polarization Scanned Digital Optical Systems (1964)

An optical system consisting of an arrangement of birefringent prisms and electrooptic cells is discussed. Polarized, collimated light travels through the system at angles which are functions of digitally coded voltages applied to the cells. Conventional design problems of electrooptical systems are briefly considered: these are transmission, fabrication errors, electrode placement, defects in crystal structure, electrical power consumption, and choice of electrooptic cell type. Unconventional design problems arise from errors in electrooptic cell retardation and alignment of crystal axes. The magnitude of these errors is evaluated for a 220 channel system scanning a photographic plate and establishes feasibility of such a system.
Manometric Methods for Study of Solid-Gas Reactions at Moderate Temperatures (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTManometric Methods for Study of Solid-Gas Reactions at Moderate TemperaturesPhillip. Souter, J. R. Willimott, and T. G. HunterCite this: Anal. Chem. 1954, 26, 3, 484–487Publication Date (Print):March 22, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 22 March 1954https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60087a017RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views32Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (3 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Application of Polypyrrole Cellulose Nanocrystalline Composite Conductive Material in Garment Design (2022)

The Chinese nation has a long cultural history and has deep attainments in food, clothing, art, and other cultural fields. With the development of science, technology, economy, and culture, new materials continue to appear, providing new ideas for clothing design. Polypyrrole is a common conductive polymer. The pure pyrrole monomer presents a colorless oily liquid at room temperature, slightly soluble in water and nontoxic. Nanocrystals, also called nanoscale crystals, use high-energy polymer spheres to pack calcium, magnesium ions, and bicarbonate in water to produce a water-insoluble crystal structure. Conductive composite materials mainly refer to composite conductive polymer materials, which are composed of polymers and various conductive substances through a certain composite method. This article aims to study the application of polypyrrole cellulose nanocrystalline composite conductive material in clothing design. Starting from the structural characteristics of the polypyrrole cellulose nanocrystalline composite conductive material, this article uses case analysis to study deeply the suitable polypyrrole cellulose nanocrystalline composite conductive material. This article can effectively use the innovative application method of its appearance style, so as to realize its application in clothing design. Starting from the functional properties of the polypyrrole cellulose nanocrystalline composite conductive material, the specific application of the polypyrrole cellulose nanocrystalline composite conductive material in different clothing designs is analyzed. Combining the postmodernist clothing style characteristics, aesthetic habits, and the characteristics of polypyrrole cellulose nanocrystalline composite conductive materials, this paper studies the innovative style design of polypyrrole cellulose nanocrystalline composite conductive materials. The experimental results in this paper show that when the reaction time is 2 min, the reaction rate at this time is zero, indicating that this time is in the initial stage of the reaction. After 4 minutes, as the reaction time increases, the reaction rate shows an increasing trend; when the reaction time is longer than 10 minutes, the reaction rate increases slowly and has a downward trend, which indicates the end of the reaction. The highest average reaction rate is about 7.5 mg/min.
Update on biologicals for treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (2013)

While JIA is a group of heterogeneous diseases, differences in their biology turned out to influence treatment success with different biologics. TNF inhibitors emerged to be the most commonly used biologics for the treatment of JIA. First they were successful for the treatment of rheumatoid factor positive and negative polyarticular JIA. TNF inhibitors have also been studied in patients with enthesitis-related arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and extended olioarthritis, and approval of at least etanercept is expected. Second-line biologics are abatacept and tocilizumab. For systemic onset JIA, tocilizumab, and the IL-1 inhibitors anakinra and canakinumab have been successfully studied. In the treatment of JIA, biologics have emerged as potent drugs to control the disease. New advancements will be crucial for further improvement of treatment options in JIA.
Influência da adubação com esterco bovino e inoculação de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares no crescimento de mudas de Carica papaya L. (var. Formosa) (1999)

Devido ao rápido crescimento do mamoeiro, poucos são os solos que, em condições naturais, podem satisfazer a sua demanda por nutrientes, sendo necessária a aplicação de fertilizantes minerais que favoreçam as plantas no período do transplantio para o campo. Os fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMA) são conhecidos por tornarem os seus hospedeiros mais resistentes aos estresses bióticos e abióticos, sendo por isso empregados na produção de mudas de diversas árvores frutíferas. Nesse trabalho objetivou-se avaliar a influência da inoculação de FMA e da aplicação de matéria orgânica no crescimento de mudas de mamoeiro (Carica papaya L. var. Formosa), em casa-de-vegetação. Mudas foram cultivadas em solo arenoso (caracterizado pelo baixo teor de P: 4 ppm), inoculado com FMA e adubado ou não com 50g de esterco bovino. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com seis tratamentos e três repetições: - inoculação com FMA nativos, com Gigaspora albida Schenck & Smith, ou com Scutellospora hetervgama (Nicol. & Gerd.) Walker & Sanders, com ou sem matéria orgânica O experimento foi avaliado a cada 10 dias, sendo aferidos os parâmetros: altura, diâmetro do caule e número de folhas. Diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos adubados e não adubados foram observados a partir do 30º dia Após 40 dias, as plantas inoculadas com os FMA nativos apresentaram melhor desenvolvimento do que as inoculadas isoladamente com G. albida ou S. hetervgama, em todos os parâmetros avaliados, tanto em solo adubado como em solo não adubado.
An Approach to Supply Simulations of the Functional Environment of ECUs for Hardware-in-the-Loop Test Systems Based on EE-architectures Conform to AUTOSAR (2009)

Today’s vehicles include a complex network of programmableelectronic control units with software components. Avehicle’s electric and electronic (EE) architecture has to bemodeled in an early design phase to evaluate design alternatives.The tool PREEvision offers possibilities to modelEE-architectures considering feature function networks,function networks, component networks as well as wiringharness and the respective mappings.The software architecture specified by AUTOSAR separateshardware dependent and hardware independent softwaremodules. This allows the mapping of hardware independentsoftware applications to different hardware platforms.Hardware-in-the-Loop (HiL) is an established technologyfor testing electronic control units (ECU) and to assurequality. HiL-test-systems (HiL-TS) simulate the ECU’sfunctional environment (car, driver, road, tires, etc.) andadditionally offers the possibility to insert logical faults aswell as electrical faults (short circuit, open load, etc.).Mostly, this HiL-simulation is individually engineered forevery single ECU.This paper introduces a concept for the automated supportof such simulations. This includes the derivation of relevantinformation from the model of the EE-architecture as wellas the portation of the AUTOSAR software architecture tothe HiL-TS. Following this concept, engineering costs canbe reduced and the quality and correctness of the simulationincreased.
Phylogenetic characterization of the epibiotic bacteria associated with the hydrothermal vent polychaete Alvinella pompejana (1995)

Alvinella pompejana is a polychaetous annelid that inhabits active deep-sea hydrothermal vent sites along the East Pacific Rise, where it colonizes the walls of actively venting high-temperature chimneys. An abundant, morphologically diverse epibiotic microflora is associated with the worm's dorsal integument, with a highly integrated filamentous morphotype clearly dominating the microbial biomass. It has been suggested that this bacterial population participates in either the nutrition of the worm or in detoxification of the worm's immediate environment. The primary goal of this study was to phylogenetically characterize selected epibionts through the analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences. Nucleic acids were extracted from bacteria collected from the dorsal surface of A. pompejana. 16S rRNA genes were amplified with universal bacterial primers by the PCR. These genes were subsequently cloned, and the resulting clone library was screened by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis to identify distinct clone types. The restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis identified 32 different clone families in the library. Four of these families were clearly dominant, representing more than 65% of the library. Representatives from the four most abundant clone families were chosen for complete 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. These gene sequences were analyzed by a variety of phylogenetic inference methods and found to be related to the newly established epsilon subdivision of the division Proteobacteria. Secondary structural model comparisons and comparisons of established signature base positions in the 16S rRNA confirmed the placement of the Alvinella clones in the epsilon subdivision of the Proteobacteria.
Convolutional Kernel Networks for Action Recognition in Videos (2015)

While convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have taken the lead for many learning tasks, action recognition in videos has yet to see this jump in performance. Many teams are working on the issue but so far there is no definitive answer how to make CNNs work well with video data. Recently, introduced convolutional kernel networks, a special case of CNNs which can be trained layer by layer in an unsupervised manner. This is done by approximating a kernel function in every layer with finite-dimensional descriptors. In this work we show the application of the CKN training to video, discuss the adjustments necessary and the influence of the type of data presented to the networks as well as the number of filters used.
A Continuously Variable Transmission for Automotive Fuel Economy (1975)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The use of a high efficiency, continuously variable transmission (CVT) with a wide ratio range is required in order to operate an automotive engine at minimum brake specific fuel consumption (bsfc). Such operation will increase fuel economy from 20-40% over conventional practice.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper describes a 12:1 ratio range CVT, and shows a simplified control system capable of allowing a vehicle to operate with the engine at or very near minimum bsfc under all demand power conditions for optimized fuel economy.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Also described is the effect such a transmission has on vehicle performance and raises the possibility of reducing engine size to maintain normal performance, and further increase fuel economy.</div>
Synthesis of Unsaturated Fatty Acids: Linoleic Acid (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of Unsaturated Fatty Acids: Linoleic AcidWalter J. Gensler and George R. ThomasCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1951, 73, 10, 4601–4604Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1951https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01154a029RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views397Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (628 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
The wear and tear of 26.2: dermatological injuries reported on marathon day (2004)

Whether it is to take on the challenge, to get in shape and lose weight, to relieve stress, or to enjoy the outdoors, people have increasingly turned to the marathon as their sporting event of choice. Although there are many health benefits, beginners should be aware that injuries are quite common in marathon runners. Among these are the wear and tear injuries to the skin. This is a review of the most commonly reported dermatological injuries on marathon day.
Pathogenesis of Ulcers of the Alkali-Burned Cornea (1970)

Intralamellar injections of small quantities of harvested collagenase from the ulcerated tissues of alkali-burned corneas produce full thickness ulcers in intact alkali-burned corneas. This is the final proof that the enzyme is responsible for the ulcers of the alkali-burned cornea. The enzyme is produced by the epithelium and cellular elements of the stroma. A scheme for the pathogenesis of the alkali-burned corneal ulcers is presented and is expanded to implicate the enzyme in many clinical destructive conditions.
Changes in the numerical density of synaptic contacts with long‐term potentiation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (1986)

Long-term potentiation (LTP) in the rat dentate gyrus is a multifaceted phenomenon, including synaptic potentiation; simultaneous synaptic depression at neighboring, unconditioned synapses; and a change in the amount of cell firing produced by a specified amount of synaptic current (see Levy and Desmond: In G. Buzsaki and C. Vanderwolf (eds): Electrical Activity of The Archicortex. Budapest: Akademiai Kiado, pp. 359-373, '85b). This study presents long-term anatomical modifications that seem related to excitatory synaptic modification. These anatomical alterations appear early and persist for at least 60 minutes following conditioning stimulation. Each animal received test pulse stimulation delivered alternately to the angular bundles before and after brief, unilateral high-frequency conditioning stimulation that is typical of many LTP paradigms. Anatomical preparation followed standard procedures. Double-blind scoring procedures quantified the number of asymmetric synapses in the dentate molecular layer. These counts were converted to the number of synapses per unit volume using stereological corrections that combined geometrically derived theory and modest serial sectioning. Multivariate analysis of variance evaluated the statistical significance of changes in synapse density. Across all three groups of animals, conditioning stimulation does not significantly change the density of synaptic contacts across the entire molecular layer. There is a trend for a decreased density of synaptic contacts in the middle molecular layer, the region activated by the conditioning stimulation. Here the density of concave spine profiles increases significantly in all three groups of animals with conditioning stimulation. This increase accompanies significant decreases in the density of nonconcave, simple and ellipsoid, spine profiles. No significant changes in the density of shaft synapses occur with LTP-inducing conditioning stimulation. These data suggest that the concave spine profiles are a correlate of LTP-inducing stimulation and may be the potentiated synapses. We hypothesize that with synaptic potentiation there occurs an interconversion of spine synapses such that some nonconcave spine profiles become concave spine profiles. Such an interconversion apparently begins shortly after the conditioning stimulation and persists for at least 60 minutes.
Iron‐Catalyzed Direct Diazidation for a Broad Range of Olefins (2015)

Reported herein is a new iron-catalyzed diastereoselective olefin diazidation reaction which occurs at room temperature (1-5 mol% of catalysts and d.r. values of up to >20:1). This method tolerates a broad range of both unfunctionalized and highly functionalized olefins, including those that are incompatible with existing methods. It also provides a convenient approach to vicinal primary diamines as well as other synthetically valuable nitrogen-containing building blocks which are difficult to obtain with alternative methods. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that the reaction may proceed through a new mechanistic pathway in which both Lewis acid activation and iron-enabled redox-catalysis are crucial for selective azido-group transfer.
Response of the Developing Embryo to Light (1971)

INTRODUCTION Attempts by this laboratory to grow chick embryos outside the shell were met with limited success (Boone, 1963). Among the environmental factors altered by the in vitro method of growing embryos was exposure to light. Boone (1969) found that average livability was 3.7 and 2.7 days in black painted and ordinary beakers respectively. That research involved three separate trials and a total of 112 embryos. Literature concerning the effect of light on the chick embryo is limited and conflicting. Shutze et al. (1962) exposed Leghorn eggs to light, and caused chicks to hatch one day earlier than controls. Hatchability of fertile eggs was not adversely affected by using lights in the incubator. The light intensity was less important than the mere presence of light. Voitle (1970) indicated that the longer the eggs were exposed to light, the faster the chicks hatched. Continuous light improved maturation of the navel as…
[Effect of cluster a in Hox gene on proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells and its relation to leukemia -- review]. (2009)

In recent years, Research shows that cluster A of Hox gene family is a group of master genes for proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs), which influence on the number of hematopoietic stem cells and the differentiation of HSPCs into erythroid, myeloid, megakaryocytic and lymphocytic lineages, and are closely related with the pathogenesis of leukemia. In this review, the effects of gene Hox on proliferation and differentiation of HSPCs were concerned, while the epigenetics alterations of cluster A in Hox gene family as well as its coexistence with Non-HOX and other fusion genes were also discussed. This made cluster A in Hox gene family plays a regulatory role in pathogenesis of leukemia.
Transfer of Activities from Container Material to Sample in Neutron Activation Analysis (1966)

Summary This study concerns an estimation of the amounts of the activities originating from polyethylene and quartz containers transferred to container surface due to the recoil effect in the thermal neutron-capture process, thus causing contamination of the sample. The universal range-energy relationship given by LINDHARD and SCHÄRFT has been applied in the calculations. As regards containers with impurities in the p. p. m. region, the amounts of activities transferred owing to this effect were found to be quite negligible. However, when the containers were rinsed with hydrochloric acid, activities were found to be extracted from depths of the order of magnitude 10 -3 and 10 -4 cm in the polyethylene and the quartz materials respectively which in some cases necessitates corrections.
Intraocular and cardiovascular effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-I and -II in the rabbit. (1991)

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a 37-amino acid neuropeptide localized in the eye in the sensory nerves. In this study, the physiological effects of the two naturally occurring forms of human CGRP, CGRP-I, and -II, which differ only in three amino acids, have been demonstrated in the rabbit eye and cardiovascular system. Intravenously administered CGRP-I caused a biphasic increase in the intraocular pressure (IOP), disruption of the blood-aqueous barrier, and increase in the cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) content in the aqueous humor. CGRP-II caused a monophasic increase in the IOP and disruption of the blood-aqueous barrier, but no increase in the cAMP content occurred. CGRP-I and -II decreased the blood pressure in a similar dose-dependent manner. The effects of intracamerally administered CGRP-I and -II were very similar in the eye. An increase in the IOP, breakdown of the blood-aqueous barrier, and an increase in the cAMP content in the aqueous humor occurred. The differences in the biological responses between CGRP-I and -II in the rabbit eye might be a result of the different affinities of the CGRP forms to a single receptor. Alternatively, different subtypes of receptors for CGRP-I and -II may exist in the rabbit.
The first preparative solution phase synthesis of melanotan II (2008)

Melanotan II is a synthetic cyclic heptapeptide used to prevent a sunlight-induced skin cancer by stimulating the skin tanning process. In this paper we report the first solution phase synthesis of the title compound. The hexapeptide sequence has been assembled by [(2+2)+1+1] scheme. After removing the orthogonal protection, a carbodiimide mediated lactamization, involving the epsilon-amino group of lysine and gamma-carboxy group of aspartic acid, led to a cyclic intermediate. Appending N-acetylnorleucine concluded the assembly of melanotan II molecule. Protection of the lateral groups in arginine and tryptophan was omitted for atom and step economy reasons. The total synthesis of melanotan II was accomplished in 12 steps with 2.6% overall yield, affording >90% pure peptide without using preparative chromatography.
A Study Of the Flow-Table And The Slump Test (1931)

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