gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sonochemical Destruction of CFC 11 and CFC 113 in Dilute Aqueous Solution (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSonochemical Destruction of CFC 11 and CFC 113 in Dilute Aqueous SolutionH. Michael. Cheung and Shreekumar. KurupCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1994, 28, 9, 1619–1622Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00058a014https://doi.org/10.1021/es00058a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views145Altmetric-Citations65LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Permanent and transitory components of GDP and stock prices: further analysis (2008)

Using the conventional VAR identification approach, Cochrane (Quarterly Journal of Economics 107: 241–65, 1994) finds that substantial amounts of variation in GDP growth and stock returns are due to transitory shocks. Following the common trend decomposition of King etal. (American Economic Review 81: 819–40, 1991), we show that Cochrane's results depend on the assumption of weak exogeneity of one of the variables with respect to the cointegration vector. When this assumption holds both approaches coincide. If not, the shocks Cochrane called transitory are not totally transitory. In this case, the conventional VAR approach with the assumption of the weak exogeneity may overstate the magnitude of transitory shocks and understate that of permanent shocks. We find that the permanent components of GDP and stock prices are much larger than those estimates of Cochrane, although substantial (but much smaller than in Cochrane 1994) variations in GDP growth and stock returns are attributed to transitory shocks.
Strategies for Managing Retirement Risks (2016)

Retirees commonly face four risks that can threaten to derail their retirement: longevity, health care, sequence of returns, and inflation. These risks pose a multifaceted challenge that requires a combination of strategies, such as carefully choosing when to claim Social Security, allocating assets to lifetime income annuities, adopting a systematic withdrawal strategy, and planning for long-term care. This article offers a range of ideas and insights to help retirees achieve a more secure retirement. <b>TOPICS:</b>Retirement, social security, wealth management
Quantized Conductance through a Spin-Selective Atomic Point Contact (2019)

We implement a microscopic spin filter for cold fermionic atoms in a quantum point contact (QPC) and create fully spin-polarized currents while retaining conductance quantization. Key to our scheme is a near-resonant optical tweezer inducing a large effective Zeeman shift inside the QPC while its local character limits dissipation. We observe a renormalization of this shift due to interactions of only a few atoms in the QPC. Our work represents the analog of an actual spintronic device and paves the way to studying the interplay between spin splitting and interactions far from equilibrium.
An Agent-Based Approach in Demographic Research: Preliminary Study on Korean Population Dynamics (2016)

In this paper, an agent-based modeling and simulation of the demographic research is presented. Different from the demographic research using microsimulation, the agentbased approach to demographic simulation is expected to provide a more scalable and flexible framework to analyze the population dynamics. While microsimulation, which is based on past statistical, is widely used in demographic study of analyzing the macroscopic changes of population, it lacks prescriptive capabilities of analyzing interactions among individuals (e.g., kinships, person-person relations) and environs (e.g., job status, incomes, education levels, cultural aspects, etc.) which may cause the population changes. The agent-based demographic simulation with Korean data conducted in this paper is expected to be the initial model for the agent-based demographic simulation, which may provide a variety of perspectives on the demographic research in the future. &amp;#169; Research India Publications.
Glaucumolides A and B, Biscembranoids with New Structural Type from a Cultured Soft Coral Sarcophyton glaucum (2015)

Glaucumolides A (1) and B (2), novel biscembranes composed of an unprecedented α,β-unsaturated ε-lactone, along with the known metabolites ximaolide A (3) and isosarcophytonolide D (4), were isolated from the cultured soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum. The structures of the new metabolites were determined by extensive spectroscopic analyses. Compounds 1 and 2 were shown to exhibit cytotoxicity against a limited panel of cancer cell lines. In anti-inflammation assay, compounds 1 and 2 displayed strong inhibition of superoxide anion generation and elastase release in human neutrophils stimulated by fMLP/CB. Furthermore, both 1 and 2 were shown to significantly inhibit the accumulation of the pro-inflammatory inducible nitric oxide synthase protein, and compounds 1-3 were found to effectively reduce the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 protein, in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells.
Mechanism of nucleophilic substitution at silicon: kinetic evidence on the slow formation of a five-co-ordinate silicon intermediate (1973)

Kinetic studies of the competitive reactions of an organometallic reagent with two silicon substrates differing only in their leaving group show that all the reactions studied occur with retention of the configuration at silicon, consistent with the occurrence of slow, rate-determining formation of a five-co-ordinate silicon intermediate.
Ethanolic Extract of Taheebo Attenuates Increase in Body Weight and Fatty Liver in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet (2014)

We evaluated whether intake of an ethanolic extract of Taheebo (TBE) from Tabebuia avellanedae protects against body weight increase and fat accumulation in mice with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. Four-week old male C57BL/6 mice were fed a HFD (25% fat, w/w) for 11 weeks. The diet of control (HFD) mice was supplemented with vehicle (0.5% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose by gavage); the diet of experimental (TBE) mice was supplemented with TBE (150 mg/kg body weight/day by gavage). Mice administered TBE had significantly reduced body weight gain, fat accumulation in the liver, and fat pad weight, compared to HFD mice. Reduced hypertrophy of fat cells was also observed in TBE mice. Mice administered TBE also showed significantly lower serum levels of triglycerides, insulin, and leptin. Lipid profiles and levels of mRNAs and proteins related to lipid metabolism were determined in liver and white adipose tissue of the mice. Expression of mRNA and proteins related to lipogenesis were decreased in TBE-administered mice compared to mice fed HFD alone. These results suggest that TBE inhibits obesity and fat accumulation by regulation of gene expression related to lipid metabolism in HFD-induced obesity in mice.
Regulation of matrix metalloproteinase production by cytokines, pharmacological agents and periodontal pathogens in human periodontal ligament fibroblast cultures (2002)

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). produced by both infiltrating and resident cells of the periodontium, play a role in physiologic and pathologic events. It is recognized that an imbalance between activated MMPs and their endogenous inhibitors leads to pathologic breakdown of the extracellular matrix during periodontitis. To date, little is known about the regulation of MMP synthesis and secretion in human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLFs). The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of cytokines, pharmacological agents (protein synthesis inhibitor and protein kinase C inhibitors) and predominant periodontal pathogens (Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis) on MMP production in human PDLFs using gelatin zymography. The gelatin zymograms revealed that the main gelatinase secreted by human PDLFs migrated at 72 kDa and represents MMP-2. Minor gelatinolytic bands were also observed at 92 kDa regions that correspond to MMP-9. We found that A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis and IL-1alpha can elevate MMP-2 secretion in human PDLFs. These results indicate that periodontal pathogens and inflammatory cytokines play an important role in tissue destruction and disintegration of extracellular matrix in periodontal diseases. Thus, activation of MMPs may be one of the distinct host degradative pathways in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. In addition, H7, staurosporine, cycloheximide and TGF-beta could suppress MMP-2 production. Agents that target protein synthesis or the protein kinase C pathway in human PDLFs inhibit MMP-2 production, and such inhibition may contribute to the pathogenesis of periodontal inflammation. Taken together, these findings suggest a possible new therapeutic approach, involving the use of drugs that modify host-response mechanisms to suppress or inhibit MMP-mediated tissue destruction.
Application of the Principle of the Concentration Cell to Kinetic Studies. I. Hydrolysis of t-Butyl Chloride in 95% Water-5% Acetone Solution (1946)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTApplication of the Principle of the Concentration Cell to Kinetic Studies. I. Hydrolysis of t-Butyl Chloride in 95% Water-5% Acetone SolutionC. Gardner Swain and Sidney D. RossCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1946, 68, 4, 658–661Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1946Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1946https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01208a039https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01208a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views265Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Reconstitution of translation from Thermus thermophilus reveals a minimal set of components sufficient for protein synthesis at high temperatures and functional conservation of modern and ancient translation components (2012)

Thermus thermophilus is a thermophilic model organism distantly related to the mesophilic model organism E. coli. We reconstituted protein translation of Thermus thermophilus in vitro from purified ribosomes, transfer ribonucleic acids (tRNAs) and 33 recombinant proteins. This reconstituted system was fully functional, capable of translating natural messenger RNA (mRNA) into active full-length proteins at temperatures up to 65°C and with yields up to 60 μg/ml. Surprisingly, the synthesis of active proteins also occurred at 37°C, a temperature well below the minimal growth temperature for T. thermophilus. A polyamine was required, with tetraamine being most effective, for translation at both high and low temperatures. Using such a defined in vitro system, we demonstrated a minimal set of components that are sufficient for synthesizing active proteins at high temperatures, the functional compatibility of key translation components between T. thermophilus and E. coli, and the functional conservation of a number of resurrected ancient elongation factors. This work sets the stage for future experiments that apply abundant structural information to biochemical characterization of protein translation and folding in T. thermophilus. Because it contains significantly reduced nucleases and proteases, this reconstituted thermostable cell-free protein synthesis system may enable in vitro engineering of proteins with improved thermostability.
Preventable Repeat Wrist Arthroscopies: Analysis of the Indications for 133 Cases (2016)

<b>Background</b> Frequently, patients undergo repeated wrist arthroscopies for single wrist problems. <b>Purpose</b> The purposes of this study were to assess the indications for repeat wrist arthroscopies and to identify potentially preventable procedures. <b>Methods</b> For this retrospective, two-center study, the electronic patient records were examined for patients, who underwent repeat wrist arthroscopy in a 5-year period. The cases were sorted by the underlying pathologies and the causes that necessitated repeat arthroscopies. <b>Results</b> Ulnar-sided wrist pain accounted for 100 (77%) of all 133 revision arthroscopies: 67 of which due to suspected ulnar triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) avulsions, 33 due to ulnar impaction syndromes. Cartilage was reassessed in 22 (17%) wrists. Thereby, insufficient preoperative diagnostics necessitated pure diagnostic before therapeutic arthroscopy in 49 (37%) wrists: 48 of which for TFCC pathologies, one for a scapholunate (SL) ligament lesion. The uncertainty of diagnosis despite previous arthroscopy necessitated 18 (14%) revision arthroscopies: 15 for ulnar TFCC avulsions, 1 for a central TFCC lesion, 2 to reevaluate the SL ligament. Inadequate photo or video documentation of the cartilage necessitated arthroscopic reassessment in 16 (12%) wrists. <b>Conclusion</b> In this series, two out of three revision arthroscopies could potentially have been prevented. Inadequate preoperative diagnostics with the lack of reliable preoperative diagnoses necessitated pure diagnostic arthroscopies for ulnar-sided wrist pain. However, even arthroscopically, the diagnosis of ulnar TFCC avulsions or SL ligament lesions is not trivial. Surgical skills and experience are necessary to detect such lesions. Finally, adequate photo or video documentation may prevent repeated arthroscopic diagnostic procedures. <b>Level of Evidence</b> Level IV.
Mechanisms of temporal pitch coding and their implication for cochlear implants [Abstract] (1996)

Mounting evidence suggest that the mammalian auditory system is able to extract pitch percepts from the temporal components of phase-locked neural responses and also from the rate-place components of neural response. Exactly how these two methods of frequency estimation are combined within the auditory system is still an open question, and will depend on the exact properties of each.
Fulminant atypical Cryptococcus neoformans pneumonia confirmed by PLEX-ID (2014)

Use of the PLEX-ID system can lead to a rapid molecular diagnosis in microbiology. To illustrate the clinical implications of this new diagnostic tool, we present the case of a 46-year-old patient admitted with severe respiratory failure and septic shock. Cryptococcal pneumonia was diagnosed by Fungi-Fluor™ staining of the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and the patient tested positive for HIV. Unfortunately, he died 12h after admission despite intensive care support and treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics, amphotericin B, and flucytosine. Retrospective use of the PLEX-ID on the BAL, bronchial aspirate, and blood yielded Cryptococcus neoformans in all fluids tested. Rapid molecular diagnosis with PLEX-ID, especially when performed on the blood of septic patients, may reduce the time to adequate treatment and limit the number of diagnostic procedures needed.
The relationship between QT intervals and mortality in ambulant patients with chronic heart failure. The United Kingdom Heart Failure Evaluation and Assessment of Risk Trial (UK-HEART) (1999)

In an adequately powered prospective study none of the QT or JT parameters were shown to be independent predictors of outcome in patients with mild to moderate congestive heart failure. These variables do not therefore add to the prognostic information which can be gained from simple radiographic, biochemical, echocardiographic and Holter data in this group of patients.
Researches and Practical Implementations of Assistive Technology in The Medical and Welfare Fields: Training and Assistive Devices (2015)

1．はじめに 厚生労働省が発表した2013年人口動態統計によれば，脳血管疾患の死亡患者は2013年には11.9万人となり，悪性新生物，心疾患，肺炎に次いで第4位へと低下した(1)。しかし，2011年の脳血管疾患による入院患者数推計は17.2万人であり，入院を要する患者数は死亡上位の3疾
Terminal differentiation of murine resident peritoneal macrophages is characterized by expression of the STK protein tyrosine kinase, a receptor for macrophage-stimulating protein (1995)

STK, a new member of the hepatocyte growth factor receptor family, is the receptor for macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP), which acts on murine resident peritoneal macrophages. We established polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies against STK and characterized the structure of STK protein and STK expression on cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system. Western blotting showed that the STK transcript is translated into a single-chain precursor and then cleaved into a 165-kD disulfide-linked heterodimer composed of a 35-kD alpha-chain and a 144-kD beta-chain. Western blotting detected STK protein on resident peritoneal macrophages, a target of MSP, and showed that it was autophosphorylated in cells stimulated by MSP. By flow cytometric analysis using a monoclonal anti-STK antibody, we showed that STK protein is expressed on restricted macrophage populations such as resident peritoneal macrophages, but not on exudate peritoneal macrophages or mononuclear phagocytes of the bone marrow, peripheral blood, spleen, or alveoli. Resident peritoneal macrophages were classified into two fractions according to their reactivity with an anti-STK antibody and a marker antibody for macrophages: STKhigh-F4/80high cells and STKnegative-F4/80low cells. Acute exudative macrophages were all STKnegative-F4/80low, but they gradually became predominantly STKhigh-F4/80high several days after entrance into the peritoneal cavity. These results showed that after monocytes migrate into the peritoneal cavity, they undergo terminal differentiation in the peritoneal microenvironment. This is the first evidence of tissue-specific terminal differentiation of peritoneal macrophages, and this terminal differentiation can be characterized by the expression of STK receptor tyrosine kinase.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2′,3′‐Didehydro‐2′,3′‐dideoxynucleosides by Reaction of 5′ ‐Protected Nucleoside 2′,3′‐Dimesylates with Telluride Dianion: A General Route from cis Vicinal Diols to Olefins. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Simulation and performance analysis of duobinary 40 Gbps optical link (2012)

This paper presents a system model to simulate and evaluate the performance of duobinary RZ (DB-RZ) and duobinary NRZ (DB-NRZ) modulation format in a 40 Gbps optical communication link. The design has been optimized to estimate the electrical and optical filter parameters for optimum performance under dispersion and self-phase modulation induced impairments. The presented model has been operated under various OSNR conditions to investigate the limitations of GVD and SPM on the BER-equivalent Q-factor for DB-NRZ and DB-RZ encoded optical data. The analysis reports the superiority of DB-NRZ over DB-RZ at higher OSNR. However, for a typical OSNR value a crossover optical filter bandwidth has been observed beyond which DB-RZ outperforms DB-NRZ.
Enantiomer-Specific Binding of Ruthenium(II) Molecular Wires by the Amine Oxidase of Arthrobacter globiformis (2008)

The copper amine oxidase from Arthrobacter globiformis (AGAO) is reversibly inhibited by molecular wires comprising a Ru(II) complex head group and an aromatic tail group joined by an alkane linker. The crystal structures of a series of Ru(II)-wire-AGAO complexes differing with respect to the length of the alkane linker have been determined. All wires lie in the AGAO active-site channel, with their aromatic tail group in contact with the trihydroxyphenylalanine quinone (TPQ) cofactor of the enzyme. The TPQ cofactor is consistently in its active ("off-Cu") conformation, and the side chain of the so-called "gate" residue Tyr296 is consistently in the "gate-open" conformation. Among the wires tested, the most stable complex is produced when the wire has a -(CH2)4- linker. In this complex, the Ru(II)(phen)(bpy)2 head group is level with the protein molecular surface. Crystal structures of AGAO in complex with optically pure forms of the C4 wire show that the linker and head group in the two enantiomers occupy slightly different positions in the active-site channel. Both the Lambda and Delta isomers are effective competitive inhibitors of amine oxidation. Remarkably, inhibition by the C4 wire shows a high degree of selectivity for AGAO in comparison with other copper-containing amine oxidases.
sAPP Enhances the Transdifferentiation of Adult Bone Marrow Progenitor Cells to Neuronal Phenotypes (2006)

The remediation of neurodegeneration and cognitive decline in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) remains a challenge to basic scientists and clinicians. It has been suggested that adult bone marrow stem cells can transdifferentiate into different neuronal phenotypes. Here we demonstrate that the alpha-secretase-cleaved fragment of the amyloid precursor protein (sAPPalpha), a potent neurotrophic factor, potentiates the nerve growth factor (NGF)/retinoic acid (RA) induced transdifferentiation of bone marrow-derived adult progenitor cells (MAPCs) into neural progenitor cells and, more specifically, enhances their terminal differentiation into a cholinergic-like neuronal phenotype. The addition of sAPPalpha to NGF/RA-stimulated MAPCs resulted in their conversion to neuronal-like cells as evidenced by the extension of neurites and the appearance of immature synaptic complexes. MAPCs differentiated in the presence of sAPPalpha and NGF/RA exhibited a 40% to as much as 75% increase in neuronal proteins including NeuN, beta-tubulin III, NFM, and synaptophysin, compared to MAPCs differentiated by NGF/RA alone. This process was accompanied by an increase in the levels of choline acetyltransferase, a marker of cholinergic neurons, compared to those of GABAergic and dopaminergic neuronal subtypes. MAPCs immunopositive for sAPPalpha were identified within the septohippocampal system of transgenic PS/APP mice injected intravenously with sAPPalpha-transfected MAPCs and found in close proximity to the cerebral vasculature. Given that in AD cholinergic neurons are severely vulnerable to neurodegeneration and that the levels of sAPPalpha are significantly reduced, these findings suggest the combined use of sAPPalpha and MAPCs offers a new and potentially powerful therapeutic strategy for AD treatment.