gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Features of the acousto-optic interaction of Bessel light beams and Bessel acoustic beams in transversely isotropic crystals (2017)

This paper discusses features of the acousto-optic interaction of Bessel light beams and acoustic beams in transversely isotropic crystals. The main characteristics of this type of diffraction are considered, including an analysis of possible vector diagrams of the acousto-optic process, the choice of the interaction geometry in actual crystals, and the role of longitudinal and transverse matching, as well as the derivation and solution of shortened equations. It is shown that high diffraction efficiency is maintained when there is a transition from plane waves to Bessel acoustic beams, and the possibility also appears of dynamically reconstructing the cone angle of a diffracted Bessel light beam. Moreover, in the process of this diffraction, there is a transformation of the order of the Bessel functions and accordingly of the order of the screw dislocation of the phase front of the light field within wide limits.
Interrogation of modern and ancient genomes reveals the complex domestic history of cattle (2014)

The analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequence polymorphisms from modern cattle populations has had a profound impact on our understanding of the events surrounding the domestication of cattle. From these studies, it has been possible to distinguish between pre-and post-domestic genetic differentiation, supporting previous assertions from archaeological studies and, in some cases, revealing novel aspects of the demographic history of cattle.
Hydrogen—Deuterium Equilibration over Palladium Hydride (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydrogen—Deuterium Equilibration over Palladium HydrideR. J. Rennard Jr. and R. J. KokesCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1966, 70, 9, 2905–2908Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1966https://doi.org/10.1021/j100881a031RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views113Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (357 KB) Get e-Alerts
Electrophysiological Properties of Human Astrocytic Tumor Cells In Situ: Enigma of Spiking Glial Cells (1998)

To better understand physiological changes that accompany the neoplastic transition of astrocytes to become astrocytoma cells, we studied biopsies of low-grade, pilocytic astrocytomas. This group of tumors is most prevalent in children and the tumor cells maintain most antigenic features typical of astrocytes. Astrocytoma cells were studied with the use of whole cell patch-clamp recordings in acute biopsy slices from 4-mo- to 14-yr-old pediatric patients. Recordings from 53 cells in six cases of low-grade astrocytomas were compared to either noncancerous peritumoral astrocytes or astrocytes obtained from other surgeries. Astrocytoma cells almost exclusively displayed slowly activating, sustained, tetraethylammonium (TEA)-sensitive outward potassium currents (delayed rectifying potassium currents; IDR) and transient, tetrodotoxin (TTX)-sensitive sodium currents (INa). By contrast, comparison glial cells from peritumoral regions or other surgeries showed IDR and INa, but in addition these cells also expressed transient "A"-type K+ currents and inwardly rectifying K+ currents (IIR), both of which were absent in astrocytoma cells. IIR constituted the predominant conductance in comparison astrocytes and was responsible for a high-resting K+ conductance in these cells. Voltage-activated Na+ currents were observed in 37 of 53 astrocytoma cells. Na+ current densities in astrocytoma cells, on average, were three- to fivefold larger than in comparison astrocytes. Astrocytoma cells expressing INa could be induced to generate slow action potential-like responses (spikes) by current injections. The threshold for generating such spikes was -34 mV (from a holding potential of -70 mV). The spike amplitude and time width were 52.5 mV and 12 ms, respectively. No spikes could be elicited in comparison astrocytes, although some of them expressed Na+ currents of similar size. Comparison of astrocytes to astrocytoma cells suggests that the apparent lack of IIR, which leads to high-input resistance (>500 MOmega), allows glioma cells to be sufficiently depolarized to generate Na+ spikes, whereas the high resting K+ conductance in astrocytes prevents their depolarization and thus generation of spikes. Consistent with this notion, Na+ spikes could be induced in spinal cord astrocytes in culture when IIR was experimentally blocked by 10 microM Ba2+, suggesting that the absence of IIR in astrocytoma cells is primarily responsible for the unusual spiking behavior seen in these glial tumor cells. It is unlikely that such glial spikes ever occur in vivo.
Coupled Thermo-Mechanical Modeling of Head-Disc Interface in Heat Assisted Magnetic Recording (2008)

In Heat Assisted Magnetic Recording (HAMR), various thermal loads (laser, electrical current) subject the Head-Disc Interface (HDI) to intensive thermal strain / stress fields. The thermal strains, in terms of slider protrusion and media protrusion, significantly reduce the head-disc clearance and may lead to head-disc contact. Air bearings, by design, can passively adjust the fly height through so-called “self-compensation” to the protrusions. In this paper, an electro-thermo-mechanical model coupled with air bearing model has been developed to analyze the head flying characteristics under these thermal loads. The thermal protrusions induced by laser and current Joule heating, as well as their interactions, have been studied and verified with experimental results.
Precursor Arc in an Electric Shock Tube (1964)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation J. P. Barach, J. A. Sivinski; Precursor Arc in an Electric Shock Tube. Phys. Fluids 1 July 1964; 7 (7): 1075–1076. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1711325 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioPhysics of Fluids (PFL) Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Performance measurement and analysis techniques for parallel and distributed programs. Technical progress report, August 1, 1996--May 31, 1997 (1997)

This report summarizes the authors technical progress during the first year of their three year proposal. This research is centered about the Paradyn Parallel Performance Tools. They include a summary of research accomplishments, technical transfers, and a list of papers written under this grant. The authors have made good progress on their research goals and have a strong outlook for the coming year.
OVEREXPRESSION OF C-FOS AND C-ERBB1 ENCODED PROTEINS IN SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMAS OF THE LUNG OF SMOKERS (1992)

Seventy-eight human squamous cell carcinomas of the lung of previously untreated patients were analyzed for expression of c-fos and c-erbB1 proteins by means of immunohistochemistry. Of the tumors investigated expression of c-fos protein was detected in 60% and of c-erbB1 protein in 77%. Carcinomas of smokers significantly express more frequently c-fos and c-erbB1 protein than carcinomas of non-smokers (p<0.05).
Image reconstruction for quality assessment of edge detectors (2008)

Extraction of the edges is a key step in image processing and there is still a continuing research effort to develop new and effective edge detection algorithms. Despite this fact, there is no single, reliable and efficient metric to evaluate the quality of an edge detector. We introduce an original method for image reconstruction that leads to edge evaluation based on image estimation. A new quantitative metric for assessment of the performance of the edge detector is also presented. The operation of the measure is established on a diverse image database using standard edge detection algorithms and the one based on partial derivatives of Boolean functions. The uses of the measure for an assortment of purposes are demonstrated and these are backed by visual assessment as well as some distance-based error functions applied on synthetic images.
Soil-Applied Nitrogen and Composted Manure Effects on Soybean Hay Quality and Grain Yield (2007)

Grain yield in many soybean experiments fails to respond to fertilizer nitrogen (N). A few positive responses have been reported when soybean were grown in the southern U.S., when N was applied near flowering and when biosolids were added. In a previous study, low N concentrations of soybean forage in north Texas on a high pH calcareous soil were reported and thus, we suspected a N nutrition problem. Consequently, we initiated this study to determine whether selected preplant N sources broadcast and incorporated into a Houston Black clay (fine, smectitic, thermic Udic Haplusterts) might increase forage N concentration, forage yield, or soybean grain yield. In 2003, N was applied as ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3, AN) up to 112 kg N ha−1 and dairy manure compost (DMC) was applied at rates of 4.9, 9.9, 15.0, and 19.9 Mg ha−1. The DMC contained 5.9, 2.6, and 6.7 g kg−1 of total N, P, and K, respectively; thus DMC added 29 to 116 kg N ha−1. In 2004, AN was applied at rates of 112 and 224 kg N ha−1 and DMC was applied at 28 and 57 Mg ha−1; thus, DMC added 168 to 335 kg N ha−1. In another 2004 test, biosolids, a biosolids/municipal yard waste compost mixture (BYWC), and AN were compared. The biosolids contained 31, 18, and 2.9 g kg−1 total N, P, and K, respectively. The BYWC mixture contained 8.8, 6.1, and 3.4 g kg−1 of total N, P, and K, respectively. Biosolids were applied at 10 Mg ha−1 (310 kg N ha−1), BYWC was applied at 58 Mg ha−1 (510 kg N ha−1), and AN up to 224 kg N ha−1. None of the soil treatments increased soybean grain yield or forage yield although AN slightly increased forage N concentration in 2003.
Study of Secondary Flow in Centrifugal Blood Pumps Using a Flow Visualization Method with a High‐Speed Video Camera (1996)

Four pump models with different vane configurations were evaluated with flow visualization techniques using a high-speed video camera. These models also were evaluated through in vivo hemolysis tests using bovine blood. The impeller having the greatest fluid velocity relative to the impeller, the largest velocity variance, and the most irregular local flow patterns in the flow passage caused the most hemolysis. Even if the pumps were operated at almost the same speed (rpm) at the same output, the impeller showing more irregular flow patterns had a statistically greater rate of hemolysis. This fact confirms that the existence of local irregular flow patterns in a centrifugal blood pump deteriorates its hemolytic performance. Thus, to optimize the design of the pump, it is very important to examine the secondary flow patterns in the centrifugal blood pump in detail using flow visualization with a high-speed video camera.
Chemically well-defined self-assembled monolayers for cell culture: toward mimicking the natural ECM (2011)

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a network of biological macromolecules that surrounds cells within tissues. In addition to serving as a physical support, the ECM actively influences cell behavior by providing sites for cell adhesion, establishing soluble factor gradients, and forming interfaces between different cell types within a tissue. Thus, elucidating the influence of ECM-derived biomolecules on cell behavior is an important aspect of cell biology. Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) have emerged as promising tools to mimic the ECM as they provide chemically well-defined substrates that can be precisely tailored for specific cell culture applications, and their application in this regard is the focus of this review. In particular, this review will describe various approaches to prepare SAM-based culture substrates <i>via</i> non-specific adsorption, covalent immobilization, or non-covalent sequestering of ECM-derived biomolecules. Additionally, this review will highlight SAMs that present ECM-derived biomolecules to cells to probe the role of these molecules in cell-ECM interactions, including cell attachment, spreading and 'outside-in' signaling <i>via</i> focal adhesion complex formation. Finally, this review will introduce SAMs that can present or sequester soluble signaling molecules, such as growth factors, to study the influence of localized soluble factor activity on cell behavior. Together, these examples demonstrate that the chemical specificity and variability afforded by SAMs can provide robust, well-defined substrates for cell culture that can simplify experimental design and analysis by eliminating many of the confounding factors associated with traditional culture substrates.
Dual stimulation of phospholipase activity in human monocytes. Role of calcium-dependent and calcium-independent pathways in arachidonic acid release and eicosanoid formation. (1988)

Human peripheral blood monocytes, prelabeled with [3H]arachidonic acid (AA), release labeled eicosanoids in response to soluble or particulate stimuli. Treatment with 12-O-tetradecanoate phorbol-13 acetate (20 nM), calcium ionophores, A23187 (2 microM) or ionomycin (1 microM), or serum-treated zymosan (300 micrograms) resulted in production of cyclooxygenase (CO) metabolites, 6-keto-PG-F1 alpha, thromboxane-B2, PGE2, PGF2 alpha, PGD2, PGB2, 12-L-hydroxy-5,8,10-heptadecatrienoic acid; 15-lipoxygenase products, including 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE); and unmetabolized AA. Labeled 5-lipoxygenase (LO) products, 5-HETE, and leukotriene-B4 were detected only after exposure to ionophore or serum-treated zymosan. The calcium dependence of 5-LO activation was confirmed in experiments where calcium was omitted from the incubation medium, and EGTA (0.5 mM) was added, as well as by direct measurement of increased intracellular calcium in phagocytosing monocytes. Combined or sequential treatment with two stimuli increased the release of unmetabolized AA without a commensurate augmentation of labeled metabolites, indicating that release of CO and LO metabolites does not necessarily reflect the extent of phospholipase activation. Quantitation of individual eicosanoids by RIA confirmed results by using radionuclides. These studies show the following. Activation of human monocyte phospholipase may be regulated by at least two pathways, one "12-O-tetradecanoate phorbol-13 acetate-like," which is largely independent of calcium, and another which is mediated by increased intracellular Ca2+ ("ionophore-like"). "Physiologic" stimulation of monocyte arachidonate release, such as that seen accompanying phagocytosis of opsonized particles, may occur via either a calcium-sensitive or calcium-insensitive pathway or both. Calcium may regulate eicosanoid formation at the level of phospholipase or 5-LO. Free AA, CO products, and 12- or 15-LO products are ordinarily released after phagocytosis, but leukotriene-B4, 5-HETE, or other 5-LO metabolites are produced only under conditions where calcium concentrations are optimal.
Priorities in the Prevention of Pyelonephritis (1977)

There is much merit in the points raised by Dodge in his comprehensive review of the subject of screening for renal disease. It is not surprising that screening for such common phenomena as proteinuria, hematuria, and bacteriuria has not been shown to prevent end-stage renal disease. They are only laboratory findings that provide limited information about a patient. Urinary tract infections are very common particularly in female patients. It is well established that most of these infections have an excellent prognosis unless complicated by obstructive or neurologic defects in the voiding mechanism. Therefore, it follows that most infections that are detected will not produce end-stage renal failure. This is not surprising nor is it reason to abandon a useful procedure. Urinary infections in childhood are a cause of considerable morbidity. Must we have a disease that kills people before it is considered to be important? Cost-effectiveness depends on one's point
The effect of some drugs on the urinary excretion of some aryl alkyl amines in the rat. (1975)

The urinary excretion levels of meta tyramine (mTA), para tyramine (pTA) and beta-phenylethylamine (PE) in the untreated rat have been established. The effects of intraperitoneal injections of a precursor (L-Dopa) and some inhibitors of monoamine oxidation (pargyline), decarboxylation (Ro4-4602) and hydroxylation (iprindole, imipramine and para chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) are consistent with the interpretation that PE arises essentially as a result of decarboxylation of phenylalanine, pTA by hydroxylation of PE and mTA by dehydroxylation (and decarboxylation) of a catechol.
The Resource for Applied Cognitive and Systems Engineering (TRACE-SE): An Approach to Understanding the GAP (2006)

Today's workplaces are complex organizations in which people connect to information, people, and the world through advanced technology. Accordingly, the nature of work evolves as the workplace adds technologies that challenge traditional skills and increase demands for highly specialized cognitive skills. Systems must therefore be designed to account for the cognitive strengths and limitations of users and support decision-based operations. Traditional systems engineering practices, however, frequently fail to expressly consider cognitive factors in design or consider them belatedly in the design cycle. As a result, systems are often designed that do not fully leverage the cognitive strengths of the human user or compensate for their limitations. Yet, embedding cognitive engineering methods into established systems engineering processes can be complex and expensive without tools to structure and support it. The Resource for Applied Cognitive Engineering and Systems Engineering (TRACE-SE) is a prototype web-based tool that can be used to begin bridging the gap that exists between cognitive and systems engineering. TRACE-SE provides the information needed to simultaneously support both cognitive and systems engineers in the design of user-centered systems that can produce superior decision making, improved safety, and greater operator productivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Two New Procedures for the Introduction of Benzyl‐Type Protecting Groups for Thiols. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Reversible activity changes of a lipid-coated lipase for enantioselective esterification in supercritical fluoroform (2001)

Enzymatic activity of a lipid-coated lipase for enantioselective esterification of (R)-1-phenylethanol in supercritical fluoroform can be reversibly controlled by changing pressure or temperature that reflects changes of dielectric constant.
Phase II/Pharmacodynamic Trial of Dose-Intensive, Weekly Parenteral Hydroxyurea and Fluorouracil Administered With Interferon Alfa-2a in Patients With Refractory Malignancies of the Gastrointestinal Tract (1999)

Combination therapy with high-dose, weekly infusional HU and 5FU with IFN-alpha2a modulation was well-tolerated with activity in gastric cancer. Patients > or = 70 years tolerated therapy as well as younger patients. This was the first study to correlate levels of TTP and dUTP after treatment with clinical outcome. In PBMCs used as a surrogate tissue, HU abrogated the 5FU-induced increase in dUTP levels without reversing the overall efficacy of the regimen.
The effect of sperm concentrations during preincubation and at insemination on fertilization of rat eggs in vitro (1982)

Rat epididymal spermatozoa, at a concentration of 40-65 X 10(4) cells/ml, were preincubated for 5-5, 5 hr and then added to eggs from superovulated, immature rats. By 10-12 hr after insemination, 86% of the eggs had undergone fertilization, but many of them (41%) were polyspermic. When sperm were preincubated at almost the same concentration and for the time stated above, but then diluted to 1-3 X 10(4) cells/ml before insemination, the number of fertilized eggs and the incidence of polyspermy were both reduced, being 56% and 5%, respectively. When a sperm concentration of 1-3 X 10(4) cells/ml was used both during preincubation and at insemination, the fertilization rate of 60% or more, with polyspermy not in excess of 10%, a sperm concentration of 30-100 X 10(4) cells/ml during preincubation and then diluted to approximately 1-3 X 10(4) cells/ml at insemination appears to be optimal.
ChemInform Abstract: METALLORGANISCHE DIAZOALKANE 5. MITT. CYCLOADDITION VON TRIMETHYLBLEIDIAZOESSIGESTER, (CH3)3PBC(N2)CO‐O‐C2H5 (1974)

Abstract Bei der Umsetzung der Verbindung (I) mit Acetylendicarbonsäure bzw. deren Methyl‐ oder Äthylester (II) in wasserfreiem Äther entstehen in 90% Ausbeute die Pyrazole (III).
Radiation therapy for patients with newly diagnosed metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (2018)

The addition of RT to chemotherapy in the up-front management of metastatic HNSCC was associated with prolonged OS in this study.