gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microvascular anastomosis with minimal suture and fibrin glue: Experimental and clinical study (1998)

A comparative study was undertaken to evaluate a new microvascular anastomosis technique utilizing only four sutures placed 90 degrees apart and sealed with fibrin glue, in contrast to the conventional method of eight sutures as a control. The two methods were compared in regard to patency rates, time needed for vascular anastomosis, and microscopic evaluation. Postoperative patency rates were 100% and 85% with the fibrin glue technique compared with 100% and 90% with the conventional technique immediately postoperative and 2 weeks postoperative, respectively. Less time was consumed with the fibrin glue technique, which took 16 minutes, compared with the conventional technique, which took 21 minutes. Microscopically, re-endothelization was complete, with a smooth and less injured inner lining and also with less inflammatory response in the fibrin glue technique compared with the conventional technique. We applied this new technique to clinical cases of 17 digit replantations and one free flap. All cases survived completely except for one toe replantation case, which was severely crushed at the time of injury.
Sensitivity to external feedback for gain-coupled DFB semiconductor lasers (1991)

Performances of DFB semiconductor lasers with both index and gain spatial modulation are theoretically analysed in terms of threshold gain, emission wavelength, modal discrimination and sensitivity to external optical feedback. It is found that gain coupling provides low threshold gain, high spectral selection in favour of the mode oscillating at the Bragg wavelength with a relative immunity from facet reflection, and the sensitivity to external feedback is not significantly reduced in comparison with the case of pure index coupling.
A 4K CMOS erasable PROM (1978)

A high performance ultraviolet erasable complementary MOS PROM is described. Microwatt standby power is achieved by utilizing synchronous design on an ion-implanted silicon-gate CMOS technology. The device can operate with a single voltage supply from 4 to 11 V while still maintaining TTL compatibility on all address inputs, or with two supplies allowing under 200 ns access time with both TTL compatible address and output levels. On-chip address latches and high noise immunity are some of the other features that would simplify system design using the CMOS EPROM. Programming is by avalanche injection of electrons into selected floating gates. Single-location programming and high programming duty cycle reduce programming time to less than 30 s per device.
Ice and pulsed electromagnetic field to reduce pain and swelling after distal radius fractures (2005)

The addition of pulsed electromagnetic field to ice therapy produces better overall treatment outcomes than ice alone, or pulsed electromagnetic field alone in pain reduction and range of joint motion in ulnar deviation and flexion for a distal radius fracture after an immobilization period of 6 weeks.
Stable Expression of mtlD Gene Imparts Multiple Stress Tolerance in Finger Millet (2014)

Finger millet is susceptible to abiotic stresses, especially drought and salinity stress, in the field during seed germination and early stages of seedling development. Therefore developing stress tolerant finger millet plants combating drought, salinity and associated oxidative stress in these two growth stages is important. Cellular protection through osmotic adjustment and efficient free radical scavenging ability during abiotic stress are important components of stress tolerance mechanisms in plants. Mannitol, an osmolyte, is known to scavenge hydroxyl radicals generated during various abiotic stresses and thereby minimize stress damage in several plant species. In this study transgenic finger millet plants expressing the mannitol biosynthetic pathway gene from bacteria, mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase (mtlD), were developed through Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation. mtlD gene integration in the putative transgenic plants was confirmed by Southern blot. Further, performance of transgenic finger millet under drought, salinity and oxidative stress was studied at plant level in T 1 generation and in T 1 and T 2 generation seedlings. Results from these experiments showed that transgenic finger millet had better growth under drought and salinity stress compared to wild-type. At plant level, transgenic plants showed better osmotic adjustment and chlorophyll retention under drought stress compared to the wildtype. However, the overall increase in stress tolerance of transgenics for the three stresses, especially for oxidative stress, was only marginal compared to other mtlD gene expressing plant species reported in the literature. Moreover, the Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation protocol developed for finger millet in this study can be used to introduce diverse traits of agronomic importance in finger millet.
Common genetic variants in candidate genes and risk of familial lymphoid malignancies (2009)

Familial aggregation, linkage and case-control studies support the role of germline genes in the aetiology of lymphoid malignancies. To further examine the role of genetic variation underlying susceptibility, we analysed 1536 single nucleotide polymorphisms in 152 genes involved in apoptosis, DNA repair, immune response and oxidative stress pathways among a unique sample of 165 unrelated familial cases including patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), Waldenström macroglobulinaemia (WM) and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), and 107 spouse controls. We confirmed previous studies showing a polymorphism in the IL10 promoter (rs1800890/-3575T>A) to be associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma, as this allele was found to be associated with both CLL and WM. We also confirmed the role of IL6 variation to be associated with HL. Polymorphisms in TNFSF10 were associated with both CLL and WM. Future replication and functional studies are needed to clarify the role of these genetic variants. Finally, our data further support the close association of WM and CLL.
Collaborative signaling by mixed chemoreceptor teams in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (2002)

Chemoreceptors of the methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein family form clusters, typically at the cell pole(s), in both Bacteria and Archaea. To elucidate the architecture and signaling role of receptor clusters, we investigated interactions between the serine (Tsr) and aspartate (Tar) chemoreceptors in Escherichia coli by constructing Tsr mutations at the six hydrophobic and five polar residues implicated in "trimer of dimers" formation. Tsr mutants with proline replacements could not mediate serine chemotaxis, receptor clustering, or clockwise flagellar rotation. Alanine and tryptophan mutants, although also nonchemotactic, formed receptor clusters, and some produced clockwise flagellar rotation, indicating receptor-coupled activation of the signaling CheA kinase. The alanine and tryptophan mutants evidently assemble defective receptor complexes that cannot modulate CheA activity in response to serine stimuli. In cells containing wild-type Tar receptors, tryptophan replacements in Tsr interfered with Tar function, whereas four Tsr mutants with alanine replacements regained Tsr function. These epistatic and rescuable phenotypes imply interactions between Tsr and Tar dimers in higher-order signaling teams. The bulky side chain in tryptophan mutants may prevent stimulus-induced conformational changes in the team, whereas the small side chain in alanine mutants may permit signaling control when teamed with functional receptor molecules. Direct physical interactions between Tsr and Tar molecules were observed by in vivo chemical crosslinking. Wild-type Tsr crosslinked to Tar, whereas a clustering-defective proline replacement mutant did not. These findings indicate that bacterial chemoreceptor clusters are comprised of signaling teams, seemingly based on trimers of dimers, that can contain different receptor types acting collaboratively.
Un facteur du mouvement: le poids, thème d'une terminologie à l'autre (2006)

These results have implications for the design and interpretation of results from clinical trials that evaluate cough frequency as a treatment outcome.
3D shape measurement using image-matching-based techniques (2017)

Image matching involves detecting the same points in two or multiple images that are captured from different viewpoints, at different time, and/or by different cameras. This paper presents using the image-matching-based techniques to carry out the static and dynamic 3D shape measurements. The process contains two crucial steps: (1) calibrate the cameras to get the intrinsic and extrinsic parameters; (2) perform matching of pixel points to detect the location disparities of the same physical points in the involved two or multiple images. A number of experiments are shown to demonstrate the applications to 3D shape, deformation, motion and vibration measurements.
Load Rebalancing for Distributed File Systems in Clouds (2012)

Distributed file systems are key building blocks for cloud computing applications based on the MapReduce programming paradigm. In such file systems, nodes simultaneously serve computing and storage functions; a file is partitioned into a number of chunks allocated in distinct nodes so that MapReduce tasks can be performed in parallel over the nodes. However, in a cloud computing environment, failure is the norm, and nodes may be upgraded, replaced, and added in the system. Files can also be dynamically created, deleted, and appended. This results in load imbalance in a distributed file system; that is, the file chunks are not distributed as uniformly as possible among the nodes. Emerging distributed file systems in production systems strongly depend on a central node for chunk reallocation. This dependence is clearly inadequate in a large-scale, failure-prone environment because the central load balancer is put under considerable workload that is linearly scaled with the system size, and may thus become the performance bottleneck and the single point of failure. In this paper, a fully distributed load rebalancing algorithm is presented to cope with the load imbalance problem. Our algorithm is compared against a centralized approach in a production system and a competing distributed solution presented in the literature. The simulation results indicate that our proposal is comparable with the existing centralized approach and considerably outperforms the prior distributed algorithm in terms of load imbalance factor, movement cost, and algorithmic overhead. The performance of our proposal implemented in the Hadoop distributed file system is further investigated in a cluster environment.
Architectures and design of OTA/gm-C filters (2002)

This chapter has addressed some topics in gm-C filter design. Two integrator loop, LC ladder-based and multiple loop feedback OTA-C filter structures have been studied. Design examples using a wideband high output resistance OTA have been presented. Current-mode gm-C filters have been discussed and compared with voltage-mode counterparts. Tuning issues including both analogue and digital schemes have been discussed.
SOBOLEV SPACES (1987)

By Vladimir G. Maz'ja: pp. 486. DM.184.–. (Springer-Verlag, 1985.)
Ankaflavin from <i>Monascus</i>-Fermented Red Rice Exhibits Selective Cytotoxic Effect and Induces Cell Death on Hep G2 Cells (2005)

Monascus-fermented red rice has traditionally been used as a natural food colorant or food preservative of meat and fish for centuries. Recently, it has become a popular dietary supplement due to many of its bioactive constituents being discovered. Commercial Monascus-fermented red rice was used in this study. According to the cell-based cytotoxicity assay, a compound with selective cytotoxicity was found and identified as ankaflavin. Ankaflavin was found to be toxic to human cancer cell lines Hep G2 and A549 with a similar IC50 value of 15 microg/mL, while it posed no significant toxicity to normal MRC-5 and WI-38 cells at the same concentration. For elucidating the possible mode of cell death, Hep G2 cells were treated with ankaflavin for 48 h to examine the morphological change of the chromatin. Chromosomal condensation and fragmentation were found, and a significant sub-G1 peak was found by flow cytometry. Apoptosis was therefore suggested as the possible mechanism. Monascin, an analogue of ankaflavin, was also tested in this study. However, it showed no cytotoxicity and did not induce death of Hep G2 cells.
Is it safe to talk about systems again yet?: Self-organising processes for complex living systems and the dynamics of human inquiry (2005)

The following article makes a case for the social sciences to renew their interest in systems, drawing on ideas circulating in organisational and community psychology, industry, engineering, biology and ecology, the new physics, management, evaluation, religion and spirituality, policy-making, human services professions, and service-user and community movements. It charts a different kind of systemic thinking in striking contrast to traditional mechanistic social systems theory. Sociology&#039;s current resiling from systems theory is explained as a legacy of its loyal service in the &#039;battlefield&#039; of the post WW2 critique of authoritarian structural-functionalist positivist systems and the hard-won interpretive turn to issues of process, diversity, conflict, change and a critical and &#039;qualitative&#039; epistemology. A new transdisciplinary mental architecture of self-organising processes for complex living systems is offered which integrates understandings of both &#039;structural systems&#039; and the &#039;processual systemic&#039; in individual psychology, organisational sociology, and in action research as its epistemology.
The personal current meter-A novel ankle-worn device for the measurement of RF body current in a mobile subject (1990)

An instrument is described for measurement of body current based on the use of a clamp-on RF current transformer, of a type used in EMC (electromagnetic compatibility) testing which can be worn around a subject's ankle. This transformer and its associated electronics are termed a personal current meter or PCM. The prototype instrument gave good performance over the current range 8-1000 mA for a frequency range of 0.1-80 MHz, and uses a digital display. The design of a prototype PCM is discussed, together with a description of the test methods used to assess the performance of the instrument in the laboratory.
CDE: run any Linux application on-demand without installation (2011)

There is a huge ecosystem of free software for Linux, but since each Linux distribution (distro) contains a different set of pre-installed shared libraries, filesystem layout conventions, and other environmental state, it is difficult to create and distribute software that works without hassle across all distros. Online forums and mailing lists are filled with discussions of users ’ troubles with compiling, installing, and configuring Linux software and their myriad of dependencies. To address this ubiquitous problem, we have created an open-source tool called CDE that automatically packages up the Code, Data, and Environment required to run a set of x86-Linux programs on other x86-Linux machines. Creating a CDE package is as simple as running the target application under CDE’s monitoring, and executing a CDE package requires no installation, configuration, or root permissions. CDE enables Linux users to instantly run any application on-demand without encountering “dependency hell”. 1
The Thermal Conductivites of Eight Common Gases between 80° and 380°K (1946)

Thermal conductivities of O2, N2, CO, NO, H2, He, N2O, CO2, and CH4 have been measured between 80°K and 380°K, with the potential lead type of hot wire cell developed by Taylor and Johnston. Results—which have a precision generally better than 0.1 of one percent and are believed to be accurate to ±0.5 of one percent—are tabulated for the eight gases. Comparisons with the results of other investigators are also shown in tabular form.
Leaf Oils of Two New Avocado Varieties Endemic to Costa Rica (1998)

Abstract The leaf oils of two new montane varieties of Persea americana, endemic to Costa Rica were examined by GC/MS. The analysis of the volatiles showed the presence of 78 components, of which 62 were identified. Persea americana var. tilaranensis oil was characterized by a-phellandrene (14%), β-caryophyllene (21%), germacrene D (14%), β-elemene (8%) and valencene (5%). P. americanavar. costaricensis oils were characterized by germacrene D (26%), β-caryophyllene (21%), valencene (14%), α-phellandrene (3%) and β-elemene (3%).
A new quality metric for image fusion (2004)

We present three variants of a new quality metric for image fusion. The interest of our metrics, which are based on an image quality index recently introduced by Wang and Bovik in [Z. Wang et al., March 2002], lies in the fact that they do not require a ground-truth or reference image. We perform several simulations which show that our metrics are compliant with subjective evaluations and can therefore be used to compare different image fusion methods or to find the best parameters for a given fusion algorithm.
Evaluation of HER-2/neu (erbB-2) status in breast cancer: from bench to bedside. (1999)

Molecular alterations in breast cancer are being incorporated into the development of new treatment strategies. The HER-2/neu oncogene has been extensively investigated as a prognostic factor and recently as a predictor of response to chemotherapy or endocrine therapy. The development of a humanized anti-HER-2 monoclonal antibody (Herceptin) and the encouraging results obtained in the treatment of patients with HER-2 overexpressing metastatic breast cancer with this antibody have resulted in renewed interest in HER-2/neu. This article reviews the current knowledge of HER-2/neu both as a prognostic and a predictive factor. Problems associated with the standardization of the methodology for assessing HER-2/neu status and clinically significant cut-off points are addressed.
[Advances in fish antifreeze protein research]. (2002)

Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) can highly effectively protect cells and embryos from damages in freezing process by lowering the freezing points of their cytoplasmic matrix and body fluids in a noncolligative manner. Based on their origins and properties, AFPs have been classified into four types, i.e. type I, II, III and IV. Each of them possesses rather distinct characteristics both in structure and composition, although all of them have ability of lowering freezing points of fluids. AFPs' genes have been characterized as members of a multigene family and the levels of their mRNA synthesis vary significantly with seasons. Adsorption-inhibition operating at the ice surface is nowadays a hypothesis widely used to interpret the molecular mechanisms of noncolligative lowering of the freezing point, but the details of the mechanism on how the different types of AFP are adsorbed onto ice remain uncertain. Progresses in research on structures, amino acid compositions, genes, antifreeze mechanisms of the 4 distinct types of AFPs, and the application of the AFPs in cryopreservation of cells and embryos are reviewed here.
On the Glass Transition of Polymer Semiconductors and Its Impact on Polymer Solar Cell Stability (2015)

The glass transition temperature is a critical processing parameter that governs the kinetics of molecular organization of polymer semiconductors during solidification. Yet, little attention is paid to the resulting structure-processing-property relationships that lead to optimal optoelectronic performance, which is usually obtained with nonequilibrium nanostructures. This review elucidates the interplay of molecular design and glass transition phenomena that are common to the most well-studied families of conjugated polymers, including polyfluorenes, polythiophenes, and poly(p-phenylenevinylene)s. The influence of key structural factors—known from classical polymer science—such as molecular weight, chain rigidity, side-chain architecture, and intermolecular π–π interactions, is explored in order to provide rationales that can guide the synthesis of new polymer semiconductors with tailored glass transition temperatures. Moreover, the discussion is anchored in an overview of the main measurement techniques with emphasis on rate-dependency and sub-glass transition phenomena as well as differences between bulk and thin films. The second half of the review focuses on the glass transition temperature(s) of polymer:fullerene bulk-heterojunction blends, which represent the most promising active layer architecture for organic solar cells, and highlights the relevance of fullerene diffusion. A challenging perspective is provided with regard to the thermal stability of the blend nanostructure vs the mechanical robustness and ductility of the active layer material. Conflicting demands on the blend glass transition temperature, i.e., higher vs lower than the processing and operating temperature, require a satisfactory compromise that must be achieved before truly flexible polymer solar cells with a high light-harvesting efficiency can be realized.
Maximum likelihood erasure decoding scheme for concatenated codes (1992)

A maximum likelihood erasure decoding scheme for concatenated codes, in which the outer code is an (N, K, D) Reed-Solomon (RS) code and the inner code is an (n, k, d) linear code, is described. The complexity of the decoding is O((n-k)3) additions in GF(2) for the linear inner code and O((D-1)2) multiplications in GF(2k) for the RS outer code. An algorithm for solving the Vandermonde system of equations is applied in the outer decoding algorithm, which has less complexity than the Forney algorithm.
Cathepsin D is membrane-associated in macrophage endosomes. (1988)

Previously we identified an acid protease activity which was located in the endosomes of rabbit alveolar macrophages (Diment, S., and Stahl, P.D. (1985) J. Biol. Chem. 260, 15311-15317). In this study, the endosomal protease is identified as cathepsin D by immunoprecipitation with polyclonal antibodies raised against rabbit cathepsin D and by NH2-terminal sequence. In order to elucidate the mechanism for targeting of cathepsin D to endosomes, we first examined the membrane association of cathepsin D with light (rho = 1.05 g/ml) and heavy density (rho = 1.1 g/ml) vesicles from Percoll density gradients. After sequential washes, 8.4 and 21.9% of cathepsin D activity remained associated with heavy and light density vesicles, respectively. This membrane-associated cathepsin D could not be solubilized in either buffer at pH 5.0 containing mannose 6-phosphate and EDTA or in buffer at pH 10.6. Solubilization required the detergent Triton X-100. To determine whether membrane-associated cathepsin D was found in endosomes, the enzyme was radioiodinated within endosomes and lysosomes with internalized lactoperoxidase. The membrane-associated form was detected in endosomes, but much less in lysosomes. Biosynthetic studies combined with the same extraction procedure revealed that macrophage cathepsin D is first synthesized as an inactive membrane-associated precursor. The precursor is processed to an active, membrane-associated form and then to the active soluble form found in lysosomes. Our studies provide evidence that 1) cathepsin D is in endosomes of macrophages; 2) cathepsin D is transported to endosomes as a membrane-associated form; and 3) the membrane-associated form is a biosynthetic precursor for the soluble form found in endosomes and lysosomes.
Epiphyseal Growth Plate Fractures (2007)

Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics: October 2007 - Volume 27 - Issue 7 - p 848 doi: 10.1097/bpo.0b013e318155834d