gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of plasma shape and profiles on edge stability in DIII-D (1999)

The results of recent experimental and theoretical studies concerning the effects of plasma shape and current and pressure profiles on edge instabilities in DIII-D are presented. Magnetic oscillations with toroidal mode number n ≈ 2-9 and a fast growth time γ-1 = 20-150 μs are often observed prior to the first giant type I ELM in discharges with moderate squareness. High n ideal second ballooning stability access encourages edge instabilities by facilitating the buildup of the edge pressure gradient and bootstrap current density, which destabilize the intermediate to low n modes. Analysis suggests that discharges with large edge pressure gradient and bootstrap current density are more unstable to n > 1 modes. Calculations and experimental results show that ELM amplitude and frequency can be varied by controlling access to the second ballooning stability regime at the edge through variation of the squareness of the discharge shape. A new method is proposed to control edge instabilities by reducing access to the second ballooning stability regime at the edge using high order local perturbation of the plasma shape in the outboard bad curvature region.
Book Review:Contemporary Neurology--Neurologic Complications of Cancer, Volume 45 (1996)

The latest addition to the Contemporary Neurology series, devoted to the neurologic complications of cancer, is authored solely by Dr. Posner. Although this book has been written for both the student and trained professional, who can quickly adapt to the definitive nature of the tables, diagrams, and clinical approaches, it is likely to be most appealing to the neuro-oncologic specialist.
Pupillary and Visual Field Evaluation in Patients With Melanocytoma of the Optic Disc (1979)

Twenty patients with melanocytoma of the optic disc underwent Goldmann perimetry and pupillary evaluation. Two patients (10%) had normal visual fields. Three (15%) had minimal blind spot enlargement. Fifteen patients (75%) had a greatly enlarged blind spot, of which ten had concomitant nerve fiber bundle field defects. These consisted of a nasal step in two cases (10%), relative nerve fiber bundle defects in four cases (20%), and an absolute arcuate defect in four cases (20%). The blind spot enlargement relates to the pigmented tumor extended beyond the disc boundary, thereby shading the peripapillary retina. The nerve fiber bundle defects result from injury to the visual axons passing through the nerve head, although the mechanism is uncertain. A Marcus Gunn pupillary sign produced by the melanocytoma was found in six patients (30%), all of whom had a substantial relative or absolute nerve fiber bundle defect.
Rates of Oviposition of <i>Tribolium confusum</i> Duv. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) Surviving Exposure to Residues of <i>p</i>-<i>p</i>'-DDT (1955)

The use of residual insecticides is increasing in insect control programs. In practice all insects do not receive lethal dosages, possibly because of uneven application of insecticide and the failure of some insects to come in contact with treated surfaces. This study was designed to determine the rate of oviposition of adult females of Tribolium confusum Duv. surviving exposure to DDT residues and to compare this rate with that of unexposed females.
143. The oxidation of αβ-unsaturated ketones with alkaline hydrogen peroxide (1949)

C. A. Bunton and G. J. Minkoff, J. Chem. Soc., 1949, 665 DOI: 10.1039/JR9490000665
Proportional rate‐based congestion control under long propagation delay (1995)

Abstract The occurrence of congestion severely degrades the performance, especially in high‐speed networks with long propagation delay relative to packet transmission time. This is because it is very likely that a large number of transit packets are flying over such networks at a time and many of them will get lost if they arrive at some congested node. Among ways of controlling traffic to avoid congestion, this paper deals with a class of rate‐based congestion controls (RBCC) which regulate input traffic based on feedback information about network congestion status. Although such mechanisms have been studied recently, the mechanism to be considered, referred to as proportional RBCC, differs from them in that the amount of input traffic allowed to enter in the network is proportional to the network resources available, keeping a closer track of the network resources than the previous ones, where the network status is described by two states, congested or not. The mechanism seeks an optimal network operating point, adapting to dynamic changes of carried traffic. We carry out the stability analysis and the transient analysis of some performance measures related to the proportional RBCC, and also address fairness aspects in providing control to various source‐destination connections, while K. W. Fendick et al. have analysed the stability of a general class of RBCC. Furthermore, by making a comparison between the control mechanism analysed here and the ones based on binary feedback information, we show the effectiveness of the former.
Codes for Graph Erasures (2017)

Motivated by systems where the information is represented by a graph, such as neural networks, associative memories, and distributed systems, we present in this work a new class of codes, called codes over graphs. Under this paradigm, the information is stored on the edges of an undirected graph, and a code over graphs is a set of graphs. A node failure is the event where all edges in the neighborhood of the failed node have been erased. We say that a code over graphs can tolerate ρ node failures if it can correct the erased edges of any ρ failed nodes in the graph. While the construction of such codes can be easily accomplished by MDS codes, their field size has to be at least), O(n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) when n is the number of nodes in the graph. In this work we present several constructions of codes over graphs with smaller field size. In particular, we present optimal codes over graphs correcting two node failures over the binary field, when the number of nodes in the graph is a prime number. We also present a construction of codes over graphs correcting ρ node failures for all ρ over a field of size at least (n + 1)/2 - 1, and show how to improve this construction for optimal codes when ρ = 2,3.
The NKR-P1B Gene Product Is an Inhibitory Receptor on SJL/J NK Cells (1999)

The mouse NKR-P1 family includes at least three genes: NKR-P1A, -B, -C. Neither surface expression nor function of the NKR-P1B gene product has previously been shown. Here, we demonstrate that the SJL/J allele of the NKR-P1B gene product is expressed on SJL/J NK cells, and is recognized by PK136 mAb. Interestingly, the same mAb does not recognize the NKR-P1B gene product of C57BL/6. We have also generated a novel mAb, 1C10, that recognizes an activation receptor on SJL/J NK cells. Activation of the NKR-P1B receptor-inhibited 1C10 mAb induced redirected lysis and recruited SHP-1, indicating that NKR-P1B is an inhibitory receptor. Therefore, the mouse NKR-P1 gene family, like the Ly49 family, includes both activation and inhibitory receptors.
Modeling and Analysis of Three Phase Stand Alone Induction Generator under Single Phase Load (2012)

A model of a delta-connected three-phase stand alone induction generator (SEIG) feeding a deltaconnected load is derived and presented. This model includes the core losses where the core resistance is modeled as a function of the magnetizing reactance. Furthermore, the magnetizing reactance has been included in the negative sequence equivalent circuit as a variable. The model is applicable to R-L, R-C or resistive and three phase or single phase loads, balanced or unbalanced with any degree of unbalance. The SEIG performance has been computed for different single phase loading conditions iteratively. These results are confirmed experimentally.
Influence of Hide Thickness on the Ability to Predict Percent Intramuscular Fat with Real-time Ultrasound in Beef Cattle (2004)

Seven hundred forty (740) head of cattle were scanned with real-time ultrasound. Models developed by Iowa State University were used to predict percent intramuscular fat on these cattle. Hide thickness was also measured on each animal and the relationship between hide thickness and accuracy of predicting percent intramuscular fat with ultrasound was evaluated. Overall, hide thickness has little effect on accuracy of ultrasound to predict percent intramuscular fat. However some particular groups (i.e. thick hided cattle scanned with Aloka technology) may be prone to underestimation of percent intramuscular fat with ultrasound.
Variable Selection Using Iterative Reformulation of Training Set Models for Discrimination of Samples: Application to Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry of Mouse Urinary Metabolites (2009)

The paper discusses variable selection as used in large metabolomic studies, exemplified by mouse urinary gas chromatography of 441 mice in three experiments to detect the influence of age, diet, and stress on their chemosignal. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was applied to obtain class models, using a procedure of 20,000 iterations including the bootstrap for model optimization and random splits into test and training sets for validation. Variables are selected using PLS regression coefficients on the training set using an optimized number of components obtained from the bootstrap. The variables are ranked in order of significance, and the overall optimal variables are selected as those that appear as highly significant over 100 different test and training set splits. Cost/benefit analysis of performing the model on a reduced number of variables is also illustrated. This paper provides a strategy for properly validated methods for determining which variables are most significant for discriminating between two groups in large metabolomic data sets avoiding the common pitfall of overfitting if variables are selected on a combined training and test set and also taking into account that different variables may be selected each time the samples are split into training and test sets using iterative procedures.
Colecistectomía videolaparoscópica II : evaluación prospectiva de los primeros 328 casos en Medellín (1994)

Se presenta la experiencia de los primeros 328 casos de colecistectomía laparoscópica en Medellín, realizados entre septiembre 18 de 1991 y mayo 18 de 1993, por el grupo CIGLA (cirujanos laparoscopistas de Antioquia). El grupo de pacientes estuvo formado por 252 mujeres (76.8%) y 76 hombres (23.2%) con edades comprendidas entre 14 y 85 aíios. Se intervinieron 274 casos (83.5%) como cirugía programada y 54 de urgencia por colecistitis aguda (16.5%). Fue necesario convertir el procedimiento a cirugía abierta en 5 pacientes (1.5%); dos de ellos tenían adherencias firmes, anatomía confusa y fístulas colecistoduodenales; otros dos presentaban inflamación aguda y marcado edema y el último sufrió una lesión iatrogénica de las vías biliares; sólo se presentaron 6 casos de complicación mayor (1.8%): una colección sub hepática infectada que requirió drenaje quirúrgico, una lesión del conducto hepático derecho, dos casos de litiasis residual y dos de pancreatitis postoperatoria. El tiempo quirúrgico fue en promedio 46.6 minutos en los casos electivos y 63.3 en los urgentes. La hospitalización duró menos de un día en 280 pacientes (85.3%). Se concluyó que, también en nuestro medio, la colecistectomía videolaparoscópica es el tratamiento de elección de la litiasis vesicular.
Why Institutions Matter: Stakeholder attention to organizational ethics commitments (2012)

This paper investigates values and institutions in the context of business ethics. In particular, I test a theory of stakeholder attention to resource commitments by firms that implement the Ethics and Compliance Officer (ECO) position, from 1990 to 2008. Results support the hypothesized curvilinear relationship between resource commitments and stakeholder attention--while both high and low levels of ECO implementation generate low levels of reported ethics transgressions (the former due to good firm behavior and the latter due to stakeholder disengagement), moderate ECO implementation produces elevated transgression reports (due to raised expectations and increased engagement). Results are consistent across both internal and external firm stakeholder groups.
Estrogen Enhances Susceptibility to Experimental Autoimmune Myasthenia Gravis by Promoting Type 1-Polarized Immune Responses (2005)

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an organ-specific autoimmune disease caused in most cases by autoantibodies against the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR). It is now well documented that many autoimmune diseases, including MG, are more prevalent in women than in men, and that fluctuations in disease severity occur during pregnancy. These observations raise the question of the potential role of sex hormones, such as estrogens, as mediators of sex differences in autoimmunity. In the present study, we have analyzed the effect of 17beta-estradiol (E2) on the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG), an animal model of MG. We show that treatment with E2 before Ag priming is necessary and sufficient to promote AChR-specific Th1 cell expansion in vivo. This time-limited exposure to E2 enhances the production of anti-AChR IgG2a(b) (specific for b allotype; e.g., B6) and IgG2b, but not IgG1, and significantly increases the severity of EAMG in mice. Interestingly, the E2-mediated augmentation in AChR-specific Th1 response correlates with an enhanced production of IL-12 by splenic APCs through the recruitment of CD8alpha(+) dendritic cells. These data provide the first evidence that estrogen enhances EAMG, and sheds some light on the role of sex hormones in immune responses and susceptibility to autoimmune disease in women.
Vertical transmission of HCV is related to maternal peripheral blood mononuclear cell infection (2000)

Infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) has been demonstrated to be a crucial event in the vertical transmission of viruses, and it is known that hepatitis C virus (HCV) can infect PBMNCs. The relationship between vertical transmission of HCV and the presence of positive and negative strands of HCV-RNA in the PBMNCs of HCV-carrier mothers was investigated using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). During the study, 13 consecutive mothers who transmitted infection to their offspring and 53 consecutive mothers who did not were examined. The positive strand of HCV-RNA was identified in the PBMNCs of all mothers who transmitted the infection and in 13 of 53 mothers who did not (P < 10(-6)). The HCV-RNA(-) strand was found in 5 of 13 mothers who transmitted the infection, and the strand was not found in the mothers who did not transmit the infection (P =.0001). Neither maternal PBMNC infection nor HCV transmission to the offspring was significantly related to the viral genotype or to the maternal viral load. These data show that maternal PBMNC infection by HCV and viral replicative activity in PBMNCs are important factors in the transmission of HCV from mother to child. The mechanism through which HCV infection of PBMNC favors vertical transmission of the virus is still incompletely understood.
Asymmetric Synthesis of the Phytopathogen (+)‐Fomannosin (2007)

Drei neue Konstruktionsmerkmale in einer Synthese – für den anellierten Cyclobutenring, das Cyclopentanon und das funktionalisierte sechsgliedrige Lacton – charakterisieren den Weg zum natürlichen (+)-Enantiomer der Titelverbindung ausgehend von D-Glucose. An entscheidenden Schritten auf dem Syntheseweg wirken Organometallreagentien mit, die unter anderem Ruthenium, Osmium, Zirconium und Samarium enthalten. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2007/z702056_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
A 32‐channel multi‐coil setup optimized for human brain shimming at 9.4T (2019)

An optimized multi-coil shim setup was designed and constructed for human whole-brain shimming. Similar performance of the multi-coils with many channels can be achieved with a fewer number of channels when the coils are optimally arranged around the target.
Acquisition, processing and display of gated cardiac scintigrams (1974)

An improved method for non-traumatic and essentially noninvasive evaluation of left ventricular (LV) function with /sup 99m/Tc as the tracer was developed. This method combines previously used EKG gating techniques for cardiac blood pool visualization with new computerized acquisition, processing and display techniques. An Anger camera, a small computer, and a physiological synchronizer are used to acquire a sequence of eight scintigrams which span the entire cardiac cycle. Under our present protocol two twenty-minute sequences are obtained, one an LAO (50$sup 0$) projection, the other an RAO (30$sup 0$) projection. Subsequently these images are processed on-line with a digital filter to increase definition of the cardiac borders. The eight images are then displayed sequentially on a specially designed electronic monitor to give an impression of the beating heart somewhat analogous to that obtained with invasive contrast angiography. (auth)
Rule-based approach to computing module cohesion (1993)

Stevens, Myers, and Constantine introduced the notion of cohesion, an ordinal scale of seven levels that describes the degree to which the actions performed by a module contribute to a unified function (1974). They provided rules, termed as associative principles to examine the relationships between processing elements of a module and designate a cohesion level to it. Stevens et al., however, did not give a precise definition for the term processing element. The author interprets the output variables of a module as its processing elements. Stevens et al.'s associative principles are transformed to relate the output variables based on their data and control dependence relationships. What results is a rule-based approach to computing cohesion. Experimental results show that, but for temporal cohesion, the cohesion associated to a module under this reinterpretation and that due to the original definitions are identical for all examples. >
Image classification with a chirp-encoded joint transform correlator (1994)

We describe a method of performing image classification with a chirp-encoded joint transform correlator. In the proposed system the reference images and the input image that is to be classified are placed in different input planes of the joint transform correlator. As a result, different output planes of the correlator are associated with each reference image. The input image is classified on the basis of the intensity and the spatial position of the correlation peak. The reference images and the input image can be positioned in one input plane with glass blocks of different thicknesses placed on each reference image. This produces the same effect as having the reference images and the input image in different planes. Analytical expressions, computer simulations, and optical experiments are presented to investigate the performance of the chirp-encoded joint transform correlator for image classification.
Experimenting and Modeling the Combustion of a Liquid Oxidizer Droplet with Adjacent Solid Fuel (2006)

This work presents a physical model and qualitative experimental results of the combustion behavior of a liquid oxidizer droplet with adjacent solid fuel. The research is motivated by the potential enhancement of a solid propellant energetic performance by the addition of a liquid oxidizer. In the micro-scale, similarity to combustion of a solid oxidizer particle surrounded by a solid fuel matrix may be postulated, yielding the formulation of a one-dimensional mathematical model, which describes the main characteristics of the flamelet formed by a volatile (typically polymeric) fuel component and an evaporating oxidizer. The model predicts fuel and oxidizer surface temperatures, fluxes and flame standoff distance as a function of operating pressure and droplet size. The transient nature of the combustion process is emphasized, revealing a combustion cycle at the individual droplet scale, with pressure-dependent average burning rates typical to solid propellants. An experimental observation shows qualitatively the main combustion features of the investigated configuration.
In situ ammonia analyzer using a near infrared diode laser for process control and environmental monitoring (1997)

An ammonia monitor designed for in situ smoke stack or exhaust duct applications is discussed. A probe composed of diffusion cell with protected multi-pass optical measurement cavity provides the optical interaction with the sample. Other components of the system include signal processing electronics and an embedded computer platform. This instrument is useful in a wide variety of ammonia monitoring and process control applications, particularly ammonia-based NO{sub x} control technologies, such as selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR). The in situ design eliminates sample handling problems, associated with extractive analysis of ammonia, such as sample handling line adsorption and heated sample trains and cells. The sensor technology developed for this instrument is second harmonic spectroscopy using a near infrared diode laser. Data collected during field trails involving both SCR and SNCR applications demonstrate the feasibility and robust operation of this instrument in traditionally problematic operating environments. The instrument can measure other gases by changing the wavelength, either by changing the diode operational set point or by changing the diode. In addition, with straightforward modification the instrument can measure multiple species.
Enzyme Immunoassays with an Electrochemical Detection Method Using Alkaline Phosphatase and a Perfluorosulfonated Ionomer-Modified Electrode. Application to Phenytoin Assays (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnzyme Immunoassays with an Electrochemical Detection Method Using Alkaline Phosphatase and a Perfluorosulfonated Ionomer-Modified Electrode. Application to Phenytoin AssaysAnnie. La Gal La Salle, Benoit. Limoges, Chantal. Degrand, and Pierre. BrossierCite this: Anal. Chem. 1995, 67, 7, 1245–1253Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00103a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00103a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views183Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts