gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
8pter-p23 deletion is associated with racial differences in prostate cancer outcome. (2000)

Deletions of chromosome sequences mapping to the short arm of chromosome 8 have been observed frequently in a variety of human cancers. A small number of studies have suggested that the terminal portion of the short arm of chromosome 8, 8pter-p23, may be deleted independently of other portions of 8p in human tumors, and that deletion of the 8pter-p23 region may be correlated with poor prognosis. The aim of the present study was to physically define the minimal region of 8pter-p23 deletion and to define the frequency and prognostic significance of 8pter-p23 loss in human prostate tumors. DNA was purified from normal and tumor tissues of 45 radical prostatectomy specimens and amplified for 15 highly polymorphic microsatellite sequences, 13 spanning 8pter-p23 and 2 proximal 8p markers. Allelic loss of 8p sequences was observed in 28 of 45 (62%) tumors examined. Of these, approximately half (12 of 28; 43%) demonstrated independent loss of the 8pter-p23 region, with several tumors defining a 5-cM minimal region of deletion spanning D8S264-D8S1824-D8S1781-D8S262-D8S1798. When serum prostate-specific antigen was used as a surrogate end point marker for survival, 8pter-p23 loss was significantly associated with reduced disease-free progression (log-rank P = 0.0426). Moreover, loss of the 8pter-p23 region was significantly associated with poor survival for American Caucasian (log-rank P = 0.0024) but not African-American (log-rank P = 0.5832) prostate cancer patients. These studies suggest that independent deletion of 8pter-p23 is differentially associated with disease recurrence and poor outcome in American Caucasian but not African-American prostate cancer patients.
Effect of Treating Apple Trees with Acibenzolar-<i>S</i>-Methyl on Fire Blight and Expression of Pathogenesis-Related Protein Genes (2002)

Acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM, Actigard 50 WG), a synthetic inducer of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) and pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins, was evaluated for the control of fire blight on apple trees in the field and for PR protein gene expression in apple seedlings in the greenhouse. Expression of putative genes related to SAR induction was elevated in ASM-treated apple seedlings 2 to 7 days after treatment; levels of PR-1 and PR-8 RNA were increased 10-fold and PR-2 RNA was increased 100-fold in ASM-treated seedlings over levels in untreated seedlings. Spurs and shoots on Jonathan trees sprayed with ASM at 75 mg a.i./liter at pink and at weekly intervals thereafter had significantly less fire blight than untreated trees, both from natural infection and following artificial inoculation with the pathogen. Less fire blight was observed on trees sprayed weekly with ASM than on trees sprayed biweekly. The severity of fire blight on inoculated shoots of Fuji apple decreased with increasing rates of ASM (0 to 300 mg a.i./liter), and ASM combined with streptomycin showed enhanced activity over ASM at 75 mg a.i./liter alone. In general, ASM was not superior to streptomycin for fire blight control, but integrating a weekly schedule of ASM, preferably at 150 mg a.i./liter, with a schedule of streptomycin designed for blossom blight control appears promising for overall improvement in fire blight control.
Orientation-enhanced growth and optical properties of ZnO nanowires grown on porous silicon substrates (2005)

ZnO nanowires have been synthesized on porous silicon substrates with different porosities via the vapour-liquid-solid method. The texture coefficient analysed from the XRD spectra indicates that the nanowires are more highly orientated on the appropriate porosity of porous silicon substrate than on the smooth surface of silicon. The Raman spectrum reveals the high quality of the ZnO nanowires. From the temperature-dependent photoluminescence spectra, we deduced the activation energies of free and bound excitons.
<i>Paravahlkampfia francinae</i> n. sp. Masquerading as an Agent of Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (2009)

Paravahlkampfia francinae n. sp., a new species of the free-living amoeba genus Paravahlkampfia, designated as CDC:V595, was isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with headache, sore throat, and vomiting, typical symptoms of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) caused by Naegleria fowleri. The isolate grew at 33 degrees C, 37 degrees C, 40 degrees C, and 42 degrees C and destroyed mammalian cell cultures. However, it did not kill young mice upon intranasal inoculation. P. francinae does not produce flagellates and does not grow on agar plates coated with Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli, the usual food source of Paravahlkampfia ustiana, the type species of the genus. The trophozoite at light microscopy exhibited eruptive locomotion and possessed a single vesicular nucleus. Ultrastructurally, the trophozoites had numerous mitochondria with discoidal cristae but did not have a Golgi apparatus. The trophozoites differentiated into cysts after consuming most of the monolayer. The cyst had an inner well-differentiated endocyst and an outer thin, wrinkled, and wavy ectocyst with no pores. During excystation trophozoites ruptured the cyst wall and emerged from the cysts. A unique feature seen in the cysts was the presence of bacterial endosymbionts, both in the endoplasm and within the cyst wall. Full-length sequencing analysis of the 18S and 5.8S RNA genes of P. francinae showed that they were distinct from those of other Paravahlkampfia species. The patient recovered within a few days indicating that some of the previously reported cases of PAM that survived may have been due to P. francinae.
Results of omacetaxine plus low-dose cytarabine (LD-araC) in older patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). (2013)

7068 Background: Older patients with AML have poor tolerance to intensive chemotherapy and poor prognosis. Omacetaxine is active in AML and is part of standard combination chemotherapy in China under the name of homoharringtonine. Methods: The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of low intensity therapy with omacetaxine and LD-ara C in newly diagnosed older patients (>/= 60 years) with AML or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Older patients with AML not fit or who refuse intensive chemotherapy were eligible. Normal organ functions and performance status </= 2 were required. Other eligibility criteria were standard. Induction therapy consisted of omacetaxine 1.25 mg/m2 subcutaneously twice daily for 3 days and ara-C 20 mg subcutaneously twice daily for 7 days. Maintenance therapy was with the same induction schedule, repeated every 4-6 weeks for up to 2 years. Dose adjustments for prolonged myelosupression or severe non-hematologic toxicities were made by reducing the number of days of omacetaxine (-1 day by level) and cytarabine (-1 to 2 days by level). Results: 30 patients have been treated, with a median age of 71 years (range 64-81); 60% were age 70 years or older. AML post MDS in 20%; chromosome 5 and 7 abnormalities were present in 23%. Overall, 9 patients achieved CR (30%), 5 had CRp (17%) and 1 had PR (3%), for an overall response rate of 50%. Induction mortality was noted in 4 (Day 5, 27, 27, and 70 from start of therapy; 13%); resistant disease in 8 (27%); too early in 4 (13%). With the median follow-up time of 10 months the median survival is 9.3 months and the estimated 1-year survival rate 42%. No serious drug related adverse effects were observed with the combination. Conclusions: Low-intensity therapy with omacetaxine + LD-ara C shows promising activity and is safe in older patients with AML not fit for intensive chemotherapy. Clinical trial information: NCT01272245.
Hereditary gingival fibromatosis: Clinical and ultrastructural features of a new family (2014)

This HGF frequently resulted in both esthetic and functional problems. The genetic pattern of this Brazilian family suggested a new mutation, which was later transmitted by an autosomal dominant trait.
Scientific Objectives, Measurement Needs, and Challenges Motivating the PARAGON Aerosol Initiative (2004)

Aerosols are involved in a complex set of processes that operate across many spatial and temporal scales. Understanding these processes, and ensuring their accurate representation in models of transport, radiation transfer, and climate, requires knowledge of aerosol physical, chemical, and optical properties and the distributions of these properties in space and time. To derive aerosol climate forcing, aerosol optical and microphysical properties and their spatial and temporal distributions, and aerosol interactions with clouds, need to be understood. Such data are also required in conjunction with size-resolved chemical composition in order to evaluate chemical transport models and to distinguish natural and anthropogenic forcing. Other basic parameters needed for modeling the radiative influences of aerosols are surface reflectivity and three-dimensional cloud fields. This large suite of parameters mandates an integrated observing and modeling system of commensurate scope. The Progressive Aerosol Retrieval and Assimilation Global Observing Network (PARAGON) concept, designed to meet this requirement, is motivated by the need to understand climate system sensitivity to changes in atmospheric constituents, to reduce climate model uncertainties, and to analyze diverse collections of data pertaining to aerosols. This paper highlights several challenges resulting from the complexity of the problem. Approaches for dealing with them are offered in the set of companion papers.
Does the lateral intercondylar ridge disappear in ACL deficient patients? (2010)

The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a difference in the presence of the lateral intercondylar ridge and the lateral bifurcate ridge between patients with sub-acute and chronic ACL injuries. We hypothesized that the ridges would be present less often with chronic ACL deficiency. Twenty-five patients with a chronic ACL injury were matched for age and gender to 25 patients with a sub-acute ACL injury. The lateral intercondylar ridge and lateral bifurcate ridge were scored as either present, absent, or indeterminate due to insufficient visualization by three blinded observers. The kappa for the three observers was .61 for the lateral intercondylar ridge and .58 for the lateral bifurcate ridge. The lateral intercondylar ridge was present in 88% of the sub-acute patients and 88% of the chronic patients. The lateral bifurcate ridge was present in 48% of the sub-acute and 48% of the chronic patients. This matched-pairs case-control study was unable to show a difference in the presence of the femoral bony ridges between patients with acute and chronic ACL injuries. The authors would suggest looking for the ridges as a landmark of the native ACL insertion site during ACL reconstruction in both acute and chronic ACL injuries.
On the WiMAX and HSDPA Coexistence (2007)

In this work we develop Markovian models to study the dynamics of elastic calls in a cell served by HSDPA and WiMAX systems. We first present analytical models for interference and throughputs in WiMAX and HSDPA. We then consider two different strategies of joint radio resource management (JRRM) with or without inter-system vertical handovers and show how to calculate the steady-state probabilities and the performance measures (blocking probabilities, mean sojourn times, loads). Our numerical results compare the different JRRM strategies and point out the advantages and drawbacks of each of them. We find out that, although JRRM with vertical handover achieves the best performance, the throughput maximising strategy without inter-system handovers has an acceptable performance and may be adopted in the first cooperative networks until constructors' handover solutions become more mature.
Sinoatrial node artery distribution and its relation to hierarchy of cardiac automaticity (1981)

The sinoatrial node (SAN) artery (SANA) was cannulated in dogs anesthetized with chloralose (7 dogs) or pentobarbital (1 dog). Intra-SANA injection of acetylcholine (ACh) with edrophonium (EPh) produced a transient junctional rhythm (JR) when the cannula tip lay near SANA origin. However, when ACh-EPh was injected while the cannula tip lay within SAN region, a slower P wave rhythm, rather than a JR, developed. To determine visually the injected ACh-EPh distribution, an equal volume of dye was injected under similar conditions. Dye-distribution patterns were consistent in all atria. These averaged 44 +/- 2% of the total endocardial surface, indicating that SANA distribution is not discrete, but widespread. Dye extended cranially, caudally, and laterally and included documented subsidiary pacemaker sites. Dye approached, but never trespassed, the coronary sinus ostium. Results suggest that cholinergic drug injection into the proximal SANA may suppress not only the SAN, but subsidiary atrial pacemakers as well. In this situation, junctional pacemakers probably emerge, not because of inherently greater automaticity, but after default of subsidiary atrial pacemakers.
ChemInform Abstract: Inter‐ and Intramolecular Hetero Diels‐Alder Reactions. Part 52. Effect of High Pressure on the Kinetics and Selectivity of the Intramolecular Hetero Diels‐Alder Reaction of an 1‐Oxa‐1,3‐butadiene. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Visual recognition of continuous hand postures (2002)

This paper describes GREFIT (Gesture REcognition based on FInger Tips), a neural network-based system which recognizes continuous hand postures from gray-level video images (posture capturing). Our approach yields a full identification of all finger joint angles (making, however, some assumptions about joint couplings to simplify computations). This allows a full reconstruction of the three-dimensional (3-D) hand shape, using an articulated hand model with 16 segments and 20 joint angles. GREFIT uses a two-stage approach to solve this task. In the first stage, a hierarchical system of artificial neural networks (ANNs) combined with a priori knowledge locates the two-dimensional (2-D) positions of the finger tips in the image. In the second stage, the 2-D position information is transformed by an ANN into an estimate of the 3-D configuration of an articulated hand model, which is also used for visualization. This model is designed according to the dimensions and movement possibilities of a natural human hand. The virtual hand imitates the user's hand to an remarkable accuracy and can follow postures from gray scale images at a frame rate of 10 Hz.
Revolutionizing Drug Discovery with Stem Cell Technology (2010)

Pluripotency is defined as the capacity of individual cells to initiate all lineages of the mature organism in response to signals from the embryo or cell culture environment. A pluripotent cell has no predetermined programme; it is a blank slate. This is the foundation of mammalian development and of ES (embryonic stem) cell biology. What are the design principles of this nacell state? How is pluripotency acquired and maintained? Suppressing activation of ERKs (extracellular-signal-regulated kinases) is critical to establishing and sustaining ES cells. Inhibition of GSK3 (glycogen synthase kinase 3) reinforces this effect. We review the effect of selective kinase inhibitors on pluripotent cells and consider how these effects are mediated. We propose that ES cells represent a ground state, meaning a basal proliferative state that is free of epigenetic restriction and has minimal requirements for extrinsic stimuli. The stability of this state is reflected in the homogeneity of ES cell populations cultured in the presence of small-molecule inhibitors of MEK (mitogen- activated protein kinase/ERK kinase) and GSK3.
THE HOSPITAL INTERN YEAR AS A REQUIREMENT FOR MEDICAL LICENSURE (1915)

In 1890, I was among those who took the first required course in pathology in the first required third year at the New York College of Physicians and Surgeons. Previous to that time, the medical curriculum consisted of two years of systematic lectures on the five "big" subjects, together with brief discussions of various minor topics. The introduction of a third year permitted the addition of several new laboratory and clinical demonstration courses. We were nervously tried out in a chemical laboratory reviewing many of the test-tube reactions which most of the college graduates had studied under far better auspices as sophomores. Additions were made to the lectures in physics, but this subterfuge did not suppress the indignation which most of the students felt against didactic drilling in this laboratory subject. In physiology we strained our eyes from a back row of hard benches at half dissected calves, dogs and
Synthesis of Chlorofluoropropanes (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of ChlorofluoropropanesDonald D. Coffman, Richard. Cramer, and G. W. RigbyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1949, 71, 3, 979–980Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01171a059https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01171a059research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views122Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Bone Marrow B Lymphocyte Development in c-abl-Deficient Mice (1995)

Mice homozygous for a mutation in the c-abl tyrosine kinase gene have multiple defects including high postnatal mortality, runting, morphological abnormalities, susceptibility to infections, and reductions in lymphocytes and their precursors. FACS analysis of bone marrow from mutant mice demonstrates variable reductions in pro-B and pre-B cells. While the numbers of cells in these populations are profoundly reduced in some mutants (16 and 1.2% of control pro-B and pre-B cells, respectively), normal levels are found in other individuals. In the affected mutants, some reductions are observed in many stages of B cell development. The response of B cell precursors to the cytokine interleukin-7 is variably affected while that of several other cytokines (stem cell factor, interleukin-3, GM-CSF, G-CSF, and erythropoietin) is normal in c-abl mutants. The population defects caused by the c-abl mutation can be recreated in normal mice by the transfer of adult bone marrow but, surprisingly, not fetal liver. These studies demonstrate that c-Abl signaling pathways may play a role in the earliest stages of B cell development in a developmental stage-specific manner. In spite of these variable abnormalities, however, the hemopoietic system of c-abl mutant animals is surprisingly intact.
Biochemical characteristics of a 5-fluorouracil-resistant subline of P388 leukemia. (1982)

A 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-resistant cell line of P388 mouse leukemia was established by intraperitoneal treatment with the drug. The activities of enzymes responsible for the formation of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate and 5-fluorouridine 5'-monophosphate from 5-FU, the quantities of 5-FU metabolites, and the permeability to 5-FU were determined in both the 5-FU-sensitive and the resistant cell lines. It was found that the activities of uridine kinase and uracil phosphoribosyltransferase, the initial uptake of 5-FU, and the intracellular levels of 5-FU-nucleotides were all decreased in the resistant cells. However, the initial uptake of 5-FU into cells preincubated with KCN was the same in the sensitive and the resistant cells. These results support the view that the ineffectiveness of 5-FU against the resistant cell line of P388 leukemia can be attributed to decreases in the activities of enzymes responsible for the formation of 5-FU-nucleotides and probably also decreased transport of 5-FU in the resistant cells.
Inhibition of Interferon–Alpha/Beta Induction in L-929 Cells by Benzene and Benzene Metabolites (1989)

Murine L-929 cells were treated with benzene or a series of benzene metabolites, washed and then interferon-alpha/beta was induced with polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid. Exposure of the cells to benzene or phenol, a monocyclic metabolite of benzene, did not affect interferon-alpha/beta induction. However, exposure of the cells to p-benzoquinone, hydroquinone or catechol, dihydroxy- and diketo-metabolites of benzene, resulted in a severe inhibition of interferon-alpha/beta production. There was no significant loss of viability of the cell cultures. Additional studies with p-benzoquinone indicated that inhibition of interferon-alpha/beta was reversible and could be abrogated by addition of reduced glutathione to the cell cultures.
Sex differences in the JAK2V617F allele burden in chronic myeloproliferative disorders (2010)

Sex is an independent factor accounting for variability in the JAK2(V617F) allele burden. We speculate that lower allele burdens in females reflect a lower frequency of mitotic recombination events in females than in males, and should be considered when evaluating the relationship of allele burden to disease phenotype and also in evaluating responses to JAK2(V617F)-inhibitors. Because sex may influence genotype and/or clonal expansion, underpinning the variability in JAK2(V617F) allele burden, it will be important to explore factors that determine susceptibility to mitotic recombination events.
Exploring Theranostic Potentials of Radioiodinated Hypericin in Rodent Necrosis Models (2012)

Radioiodinated Hyp as a necrosis avid tracer appears promising for non-invasive imaging diagnosis of necrosis-related pathologies. Its prominent targetability to necrosis allows targeted radiotherapy for malignancies on top of a prior necrosis-inducing treatment.
Adams, Marian, [1883] February 28 (1883)

paper copy; Jobe locates 131 Mount Vernon Street, Boston; header does not name Boston; poor quality