gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
GreenDM: A Versatile Tiering Hybrid Drive for the Trade-Off Evaluation of Performance, Energy, and Endurance (2014)

There are trade-offs among performance, energy, and device endurance for storage systems. These trade-offs become more complex in storage system comprising different storage technologies. Designs optimized for one dimension or workload often suffer in another. Therefore, it is important to study the trade-offs so as to be able to adapt the system to workloads. As different types of drives have different traits, tiering hybrid drives are studied more closely. However, previous tiering hybrids are often designed for high throughput, efficient energy consumption, or improving endurance--leaving empirical study on the trade-offs being unexplored. Past endurance studies also lack a concrete model and metric to help study the trade-offs. Lastly, previous designs are often based on inflexible policies that cannot adapt easily to changing conditions. We designed and developed GreenDM, a versatile tiering hybrid drive that combines Flashbased SSDs with traditional HDDs; we present our endurance model to study the aforementioned trade-offs. GreenDM presents a block interface and requires no modifications to existing application software. GreenDM migrates hot data to the faster SSD and cold data to the slower HDD. GreenDM offers tunable parameters useful in adapting the system to many workloads. We have designed, developed, and carefully evaluated GreenDMwith a variety of workloads using commodity SSD and HDD drives. We demonstrated the importance of versatility to be able to adapt to various workloads. Our thesis is that one must study the trade-offs among performance, energy, and endurance, especially in the ever more popular tiered storage systems, to enable adaptation to workloads. Our system is versatile so that it can adapt to different workloads to achieve certain trade-offs by adjusting the important system parameters. We also provide several interesting observations along the cost dimension. We developed a cost model for GreenDM and evaluated it under realistic cost metrics. Future storage system designs have to consider multiple optimizations dimensions: performance, energy, endurance, and dollar cost. We close with several interesting long-term future research. First, it will be interesting to provide automated control knobs for users to trade-off performance, energy efficiency, and endurance. Second, one could extend the two-tier system to three tiers and explore more tiering policies. Third, it would be useful to add security as an additional dimension to further explore these trade-offs. Forth, one could experiment with different storage devices and policies in the future, and help build more efficient storage systems to achieve high performance at minimum cost. Fifth and last, it would be interesting to provide control support at the CPU level as well to further justify the trade-offs among performance, energy, and endurance. | 118 pages
Implicit heterogeneous and parallel programming (2005)

Programmers are often required to develop parallel programs using new parallel languages or parallel extensions to existing languages that are different from the languages they used previously on sequential machines. As a consequence, programmers are faced with unfamiliar programming models and are often compelled to program at a low level with specific target machines. In this paper, we are going to introduce an implicit parallel programming method that allows programmers to use their favorite sequential programming languages for heterogeneous and parallel programming. Implicit parallelism relieves programmers since they do not have to worry about the details of parallel execution.
POLQ (Pol  ), a DNA polymerase and DNA-dependent ATPase in human cells (2003)

The genomes of eukaryotic cells predict the existence of multiple DNA polymerases, which are proposed to serve specialized roles in DNA replication and repair. We report here the isolation of the full-length human DNA POLQ gene, and an initial characterization of its gene product, DNA polymerase theta. POLQ is of particular interest as it is orthologous to Drosophila Mus308, a gene implicated in cellular resistance to interstrand DNA cross-linking agents. The POLQ cDNA encodes a polypeptide of 2592 amino acids with an ATPase-helicase domain in the N-terminal part of the protein, a central spacer domain, and a DNA polymerase domain in the C-terminal portion. This arrangement is conserved with Mus308. Expression of an mRNA of approximately 8.5 kb was detected in human cell lines. In a survey of human and mouse tissues, expression was highest in testis. Immunoblotting with POLQ antibodies detected a protein of >250 kDa in extracts from HeLa cells. Prominent fragments of approximately 100 kDa suggest that POLQ is readily proteolyzed. Full-length human POLQ was expressed from a baculovirus system. Purified POLQ showed DNA polymerase activity on nicked double-stranded DNA and on a singly primed DNA template. The enzyme activity was resistant to aphidicolin, consistent with its membership of the A family of DNA polymerases, and inhibited by dideoxynucleotides. POLQ further exhibited a single-stranded DNA-dependent ATPase activity.
Fuzzy systems in instrumentation: fuzzy control (2002)

This paper presents a short overview of fuzzy control and
discusses fuzzy partition in comparison with classical A/D and dither
quantification. A fuzzy controller for docking a model truck and trailer
is finally presented
Semi-supervised Triplet Loss Based Learning of Ambient Audio Embeddings (2019)

Deep neural networks are particularly useful to learn relevant representations from data. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of unsupervised representation learning for ambient sound analysis using various flavors of the triplet loss. They have compared this approach to supervised learning. However, in real situations, it is common to have a small labeled dataset and a large unlabeled one. In this paper, we combine unsupervised and supervised triplet loss based learning into a semi-supervised representation learning approach. We propose two flavors of this approach, whereby the positive samples for those triplets whose anchors are unlabeled are obtained either by applying a transformation to the anchor, or by selecting the nearest sample in the training set. We compare our approach to supervised and unsupervised representation learning as well as the ratio between the amount of labeled and unlabeled data. We evaluate all the above approaches on an audio tagging task using the DCASE 2018 Task 4 dataset, and we show the impact of this ratio on the tagging performance.
Gesture Recognition Based on Neural Networks for Dance Game Contents (2009)

The purpose of this study was to propose the method to recognize gestures based on neural networks and inertia sensor which recognizes the motions of the user using inertia sensor and lets the user enjoy the game by comparing the recognized gestures with the pre-defined gestures for the dance game contents.
Partial characterization of α‐mannosidase from <i>Yarrowia lipolytica</i> (1988)

Abstract An exo‐α‐mannosidase (E.C. 3.2.1.24) was characterized in the yeast form of Yarrowia lipolytica. The enzyme located in a crude particulate fraction of the cell extract is under catabolite repression, has an optimum pH of 6.0, a K m of 0.27 mM with p ‐nitrophenyl‐α‐D‐mannopyranoside and is partially inhibited by D‐mannose. The enzyme is not affected by ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid, several cations (only Zn ++ increased its activity in a 25%) or sulphydryl reagents and can be partially solubilized by treatment with digitonine.
Improving hand-eye calibration for robotic grasping and manipulation (2012)

Hand-eye calibration is an important component of robotic systems that perform manipulation and grasping tasks. However, calibration is often an onerous process - there are many parameters that must be estimated for the sensors and manipulators, resulting in a high-dimensional nonlinear estimation problem. While it is easy to obtain an approximately correct hand-eye calibration, reducing the error further requires increasingly greater effort. We have developed a simple method for increasing the accuracy of an approximately correct hand-eye calibration. This method does not require any external instrumentation and is unique in that it applies a transformation to sensed object locations to produce commanded end-effector locations. This method has been applied to the robot for the DARPA ARM-S program, consisting of a 7 DOF arm and a sensor head mounted atop a 4 DOF neck. We describe the theory of our approach, our implementation, and experimental results.
HRSG assessments identify trends in cycle chemistry, thermal transient performance (2009)

115 This article compiles information from one-day assessments of heat-recovery steam generators (HSRGs) focusing on cycle chemistry and thermal transients. The primary goal of the work was to help operators become proactive in the identification of key drivers for cycle-chemistry- and thermal-transient-induced failure and damage mechanisms. Regarding the former, the assessments addressed key factors for flow-accelerated corrosion (FAC), under-deposit corrosion (UDC), and pitting. For the latter, they addressed thermal fatigue and creep fatigue. In each area, the assessments provided a clear picture of exactly where the weaknesses in the approaches were. Based on their findings, the authors are not surprised that the current ranking order for HRSG tube failures essentially has remained static for the last
Design and simulation of a temperature-tunable terahertz metamaterials based on VO2 particles (2019)

A temperature-sensitive metamaterial containing vanadium dioxide (VO2) particles is designed and simulated in the terahertz band. A near-perfect absorption peak is achieved by optimizing structural parameters at room temperature. The peak amplitude and resonance frequency can be linearly modulated through changing structural parameters. Moreover, a new absorption band and an absorption peak are achieved when the simulated temperature reaches or exceeds the phase transition point of VO2 particles. The absorption band and the absorption peak are shifted to higher resonance frequencies with the temperature increasing. Moreover, this absorption band is expanded and the peak amplitude is gradually decreased with the temperature increasing. This proposed temperature-tunable terahertz metamaterial absorber can be used in many areas, such as sensing, communication, and more.
Effects of Morphological Collapse of Sphere Secondary Particles on Electrochemical Properties of a LiNi<sub>0.83</sub>Co<sub>0.11</sub>Mn<sub>0.06</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries (2020)

Li[Ni x Co y Mn z ]O 2 (LiNCM) is one of the candidate cathode material that can replace the currently commercialized LiCoO 2 (LCO) cathode material for lithium-ion batteries (LiBs). The morphological feature having primary particle and secondary sphere particle could affect structural stability, tap density and electrochemical performance of LiNCM. In this work, two LiNCM particles without or with the morphological collapse of the secondary particles were prepared by using a co-precipitation-assisted, solid-phase method and ball milling, and its morphological, structural and electrochemical characteristics were evaluated. The results of XRD, and FESEM demonstrated that the as-prepared two LiNCMs have a typical α -NaFeO 2 layered structure and the two morphological features of secondary particles needed in this study. The results of electrochemical properties indicated that the LiNCM electrode without collapsed secondary particles have a good stability in cycle performance compared to that with collapse of secondary particles at 0.5, 1.0 and 2 C-rate. The capacity retention of without and with collapsed NCM was 55.8% and 27.3% after 200 cycles at 1 C-rate, respectively.
A coumarin–indole-based near-infrared ratiometric pH probe for intracellular fluorescence imaging (2013)

New pH-activatable ratiometric fluorescent probes have been developed that have a coumarin structure attached to benzothiazole or indole units with one or two conjugated bonds. They have optical responses in acidic conditions. Probes with benzothiazole (1) and indole (2, 3) units have opposite responses to changes in pH, in terms of shifts in absorption and emission. Quantum chemical calculations with the B3LYP exchange functional provide insights into the differences in optical properties between 1 and 2/3. Probe 3 (7-diethylamino-3-[4-(3,3-dimethyl-3H-indol-2-yl)-buta-1,3-dienyl]-chromen-2-one) displayed a significant 122 nm red shift of the emission maximum; the new peak is located in the near-infrared region. In vitro assays demonstrate that probe 3 can be used in quantitative fluorescence imaging for the detection of intracellular pH distributions. In addition to the large Stokes shift, it has rapid responsivity, excellent cell permeability, and high selectivity. This study reveals that the conjugation of coumarin with benzothiazole or indole to form an intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) platform is an effective method to construct new fluorescent pH probes for acidic microenvironments.
Studies in Physical Exertion: III. Effect of Signal Variation on Football Charging (2013)

(1931). Studies in Physical Exertion: III. Effect of Signal Variation on Football Charging. Research Quarterly. American Physical Education Association: Vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 14-31.
Cryotropic gelation of poly(vinyl alcohol) solutions (1998)

The mechanisms of the cryotropic gelation of poly(vinyl alcohol) solutions as well as the influence of the characteristics of the polymer and the conditions of the cryogenic treatment on the structure and physicochemical properties of the cryogels obtained are examined. Data on the characteristics of the freezing of concentrated poly(vinyl alcohol) solutions are presented. The influence of soluble additives, possessing different lyotropic properties, on the course of gelation in frozen systems is discussed. The possibility of the cryocracking of poly(vinyl alcohol) chains is considered. The bibliography includes 349 references.
Robust Camera Calibration and Player Tracking in Broadcast Basketball Video (2010)

With the growth of fandom population, a considerable amount of broadcast sports videos have been recorded, and a lot of research has focused on automatically detecting semantic events in the recorded video to develop an efficient video browsing tool for a general viewer. However, a professional sportsman or coach wonders about high level semantics in a different perspective, such as the offensive or defensive strategy performed by the players. Analyzing tactics is much more challenging in a broadcast basketball video than in other kinds of sports videos due to its complicated scenes and varied camera movements. In this paper, by developing a quadrangle candidate generation algorithm and refining the model fitting score, we ameliorate the court-based camera calibration technique to be applicable to broadcast basketball videos. Player trajectories are extracted from the video by a CamShift-based tracking method and mapped to the real-world court coordinates according to the calibrated results. The player position/trajectory information in the court coordinates can be further analyzed for professional-oriented applications such as detecting wide open event, retrieving target video clips based on trajectories, and inferring implicit/explicit tactics. Experimental results show the robustness of the proposed calibration and tracking algorithms, and three practicable applications are introduced to address the applicability of our system.
Review of surrogate modeling in water resources (2012)

Surrogate modeling, also called metamodeling, has evolved and been extensively used over the past decades. A wide variety of methods and tools have been introduced for surrogate modeling aiming to develop and utilize computationally more efficient surrogates of high‐fidelity models mostly in optimization frameworks. This paper reviews, analyzes, and categorizes research efforts on surrogate modeling and applications with an emphasis on the research accomplished in the water resources field. The review analyzes 48 references on surrogate modeling arising from water resources and also screens out more than 100 references from the broader research community. Two broad families of surrogates namely response surface surrogates, which are statistical or empirical data‐driven models emulating the high‐fidelity model responses, and lower‐fidelity physically based surrogates, which are simplified models of the original system, are detailed in this paper. Taxonomies on surrogate modeling frameworks, practical details, advances, challenges, and limitations are outlined. Important observations and some guidance for surrogate modeling decisions are provided along with a list of important future research directions that would benefit the common sampling and search (optimization) analyses found in water resources.
Some Investigations on Output Level of Microphones in Air Streams (1969)

Investigations were made of the relation between different physical properties of a microphone in an air-stream and the sound pressure and pressure fluctuations caused by turbulent flow. The theoretical formula for the turbulent fluctuated pressure is deduced by considering small variations of flow in a quasistationary flow tube under a low magnitude condition for percentage of turbulence. Measurements were made in a wind tunnel using condenser microphones and probe microphones of various diameters. One of the probe microphones produced an output level in good agreement with the theoretical value. Another probe microphone, which has four tiny holes located on the side wall of the tube, produced an output level 24 dB below the theoretical value. A convenient theoretical expression of the microphone output level in the airflow is obtained by assuming random incidence of the pressure fluctuation on the microphone diaphragm by an analogy with sound waves. The results obtained are in reasonable agreement with the experimental values.
INSECT ATTRACTANTS, ANTI-ATTRACTANTS, AND REPELLENTS (1971)

Abstract Anti-attractants, defined as substances with little or no intrinsic repellency but with the property of diminishing the attractiveness of a lure, are predicted on spectroscopic grounds and their existence demonstrated in experiments with Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), and Dacus cucurbitae (Coquillett).
Rhabdomyolysis: historical background, clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic features (2010)

Rhabdomyolysis, a term used to describe the rapid breakdown of striated muscle, is characterized by rupture and necrosis of muscle fibers. This process results in the release of cell breakdown products into the bloodstream and extracellular space. Although direct muscle injury remains the most common cause of muscle injury, additional causes include hereditary enzyme disorders, drugs, toxins, endocrinopathies, malignant hyperthermia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, heatstroke, hypothermia, electrolyte alterations, diabetic ketoacidosis and non-ketotic hyperosmolar coma, severe hypo- or hyperthyroidism and bacterial or viral infections. The classic triad of symptoms includes muscle pain, weakness and dark urine, although more than 50% of the patients do not complain of muscle pain or weakness. Additional systemic symptoms include fever, general malaise, tachycardia, nausea and vomiting. The laboratory diagnosis is based essentially on the measurement of creatine kinase in serum or plasma. Plasma and urine myoglobin measurement might be useful in the early stages of the syndrome and for identifying a subset of patients with minor skeletal muscle injury. Patient monitoring is pivotal (the mortality rate is as high as 8%), and should be focused on preventing the detrimental consequences, that often include renal disease and coagulopathy. In the pre-hospital setting, forced hydration with 1.5-2 L of sterile saline solution should be started immediately, followed by 1.5-2 L/h. Following hospital admission, continuous hydration should be ensured, alternating the saline solution with a 5% glucose solution. In the presence of myoglobinuria, urine should be alkalinized by use of sodium bicarbonate solution. Clin Chem Lab Med 2010;48:749-56.
Cholesterol and bile acids regulate cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase expression at the transcriptional level in culture and in transgenic mice. (1994)

Cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (7 alpha-hydroxylase) is the rate-limiting enzyme in bile acid biosynthesis. It is subject to a feedback control, whereby high levels of bile acids suppress its activity, and cholesterol exerts a positive control. It has been suggested that posttranscriptional control plays a major part in that regulation. We have studied the mechanisms by which cholesterol and bile acids regulate expression of the 7 alpha-hydroxylase gene and found it to be solely at the transcriptional level by using two different approaches. First, using a tissue culture system, we localized a liver-specific enhancer located 7 kb upstream of the transcriptional initiation site. We also showed that low-density lipoprotein mediates transcriptional activation of chimeric genes, containing either the 7 alpha-hydroxylase or the albumin enhancer in front of the 7 alpha-hydroxylase proximal promoter, to the same extent as the in vivo cholesterol-mediated regulation of 7 alpha-hydroxylase mRNA. In a second approach, using transgenic mice, we have found that expression of an albumin enhancer-7 alpha-hydroxylase-lacZ fusion gene is restricted to the liver and is regulated by cholesterol and bile acids in a manner quantitatively similar to that of the endogenous gene. We also found, that a liver-specific enhancer is necessary for expression of the rat 7 alpha-hydroxylase gene, in agreement with the tissue culture experiments. Together, these results demonstrate that cholesterol and bile acids regulate the expression of the 7 alpha-hydroxylase gene solely at the transcriptional level.
Soluble Uridine Diphosphate d-Galactose:d-Glucose β-4-d-Galactosyltransferase from Bovine Milk (1966)

Abstract Some of the properties of a 70-fold purified bovine milk lactose synthetase have been determined. The enzyme preparation appears to be specific for uracil nucleoside diphosphate d-galactose derivatives. Adenosine, thymidine, cytidine, or guanosine diphosphate derivatives cannot serve as galactosyl donors for d-glucose to form lactose. The enzyme preparation will not transfer the galactosyl residue from uridine diphosphate d-galactose to α-d-glucose 1-phosphate, α-d-galactose 1-phosphate, d-xylose, maltose, α-methyl-d-glucoside, or l-glucose. N-Acetyl-d-glucosamine can serve as an acceptor for d-galactose but is only 25% as effective as d-glucose; the product of this reaction appears to be an analogue of lactose in which N-acetyl-d-glucosamine is substituted for d-glucose. It is not known whether these galactosyl transfer reactions are catalyzed by the same or a different enzyme. No reversal of the enzymatic reaction could be shown when lactose and UDP were used as substrates. The bovine milk lactose synthetase is activated by several divalent cations. The enzyme shows a maximum activation by Mn++, and an inhibition by ethylenediaminetetraacetate or Hg++. The enzyme has a 42° temperature optimum, and a pH optimum of 7.5, with maximum activity in sodium cacodylate-HCl or β,β'-dimethylglutarate-NaOH buffer. Phosphorylated compounds structurally related to the nucleoside diphosphate moiety of UDP-d-galactose strongly inhibit the enzymatic reaction whereas neutral hexoses or hexose phosphates produce little or no inhibition. The Km for UDP-d-galactose is 5.0 x 10-4 m, and that for d-glucose is 2.5 x 10-2 m.