gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of representation size and visual ambiguity on RatSLAM system performance (2006)

RatSLAM is a vision-based SLAM system based on extended models of the rodent hippocampus. RatSLAM creates environment representations that can be processed by the experience mapping algorithm to produce maps suitable for goal recall. The experience mapping algorithm also allows RatSLAM to map environments many times larger than could be achieved with a one to one correspondence between the map and environment, by reusing the RatSLAM maps to represent multiple sections of the environment. This paper describes experiments investigating the effects of the environment-representation size ratio and visual ambiguity on mapping and goal navigation performance. The experiments demonstrate that system performance is weakly dependent on either parameter in isolation, but strongly dependent on their joint values. 1
Software architecture styles as graph grammars (1996)

We present a formalism for the definition of software architectures in terms of graphs. Nodes represent the individual agents and edges define their interconnection. Individual agents can communicate only along the links specified by the architecture. The dynamic evolution of the overall architecture is defined independently by a 'coordinator'. An architecture style is a class of architectures characterised by a graph grammar. The rules of the coordinator are statically checked to ensure that they preserve the constraints imposed by the architecture style.
Electronic properties of nanohorns (2001)

Electronic properties of nanohorns were investigated by electron spin resonance, resistivity and thermo-electric power measurements. Electron transport and spin relaxation is governed by hopping between “dahlia”-like aggregates of conducting nanohorn structures. Upon doping, conduction electron part of paramagnetic susceptibility increases significantly. Field emission properties of nanohorns rank them among the best field-emitters currently available.
Selective thymocyte depletion in neonatal HIV-1 thymic infection (1993)

Changes in the distribution of thymocyte subsets suggests a role for thymic involvement in the pathogenesis of HIV-1 infection in neonates.
On the number of attractors of Boolean automata circuits (2009)

In line with elds of theoretical computer science and biology that study Boolean automata networks often seen as models of regulation networks, we present some results concerning the dynamics of networks whose underlying interaction graphs are circuits, that is Boolean automata circuits. In the context of biological regulation, former studies have highlighted the importance of circuits on the asymptotic dynamical behaviour of the biological networks that contain them. Our work focuses on the number of attractors of Boolean automata circuits. We prove how to obtain formally the exact value of the total number of attractors of a circuit of arbitrary size n as well as, for every positive integer p, the number of its attractors of period p depending on whether the circuit has an even or an odd number of inhibitions. As a consequence, we obtain that both numbers depend only on the parity of the number of inhibitions and not on their distribution along the circuit.
The malaria merozoite surface: a 140,000 m.w. protein antigenically unrelated to other surface components on <i>Plasmodium knowlesi</i> merozoites. (1983)

We previously identified three proteins on the surface of merozoites (140,000, 105,000 and 75,000 m.w.). To determine if 140,000 m.w. protein was related to other surface proteins, we immunized mice with liposomes containing merozoite proteins from the 140,000 m.w. region of the polyacrylamide gel. The immune sera reacted with the surface of viable merozoites and acetone-fixed schizonts by immunofluorescence. The sera immunoprecipitated only the 140,000 m.w. protein from surface-labeled merozoites. We demonstrated that monoclonal antibody 13C11 immunoprecipitated a 250,000 m.w. protein from metabolically labeled schizonts and bound to the merozoite surface. This monoclonal antibody immunoprecipitated the 75,000 and lower m.w. proteins from surface-labeled merozoites but did not bring down the 140,000 m.w. protein. Because the mouse immune sera did not immunoprecipitate the 250,000 m.w. protein from metabolically labeled schizonts or proteins other than the 140,000 m.w. protein from surface-labeled merozoites, we conclude that the 140,000 m.w. protein is unrelated to other merozoite surface antigens identified to date. The mouse immune sera against the 140,000 m.w. protein on the merozoite surface did not immunoprecipitate a 140,000 m.w. protein from metabolically labeled schizonts. Instead, the major protein immunoprecipitated had a m.w. of 144,000. By analogy to the 250,000 m.w. protein and its cleavage products, we propose that the 140,000 m.w. protein on the merozoite surface is a cleavage product of the higher m.w. protein.
Diffractive Optics: Methods (2015)

The three physical processes for controlling light are reflection, refraction, and diffraction. For many years, the two primary methods were reflection and refraction, and therefore, lenses and mirrors were the principal tools for bending or dispersing light to achieve a given purpose. Diffraction has had limited application. While elements such as gratings and Fresnel zone plates have been manufactured, their use was limited due to low diffraction efficiencies and the complexity of fabrication. This entry introduces the modeling building blocks for the design and analysis of diffractive optical elements.
Flame—Retarding Textile Fibers (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFlame—Retarding Textile FibersR. C. NametzCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1970, 62, 3, 41–53Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1970https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50723a008Request reuse permissionsArticle Views486Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (3 MB) Get e-Alerts
Irradiation damages in Ti3SiC2: formation and characterisation of the oxide layer (2007)

International audience
Adsorption and elution of extracellular matrix proteins on non-tissue culture polystyrene petri dishes (1992)

We have devised a simple procedure for directly measuring the adsorption of fibrinogen, type IV collagen, and fibronectin on non-tissue culture polystyrene petri dishes using proteins labeled with 125I and removable dish sections. Our approach provides a rapid method for obtaining quantitative adsorption isotherms for these large extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in situations applicable for studies of cell culture and cell adhesionmigration. We found that the surface density of adsorbed ECM protein depends not only on solution protein concentration but also on ECM protein type, with roughly one and two orders of magnitude more fibronectin and type IV collagen, respectively, adsorbing at an equivalent solution concentration compared to fibrinogen. Adsorption isotherms for each of these proteins were compared with theoretical bounds for monolayer density based on random sequential adsorption and molecular close-packing. We also observed that exposure to 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate in 3 M NaOH for 25 h was effective at eluting fibrinogen from our dishes over a wide range of protein concentration, but that this same detergent treatment was ineffective at completely desorbing type IV collagen adsorbed at high density. Our results, useful to researchers examining the role of substratum-bound molecules in the control of cell behavior, demonstrate that estimates of the adsorbed molecular density of ECM proteins obtained from indirect methods, such as elution and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, or inferred from solution coating concentrations may provide erroneous estimates of the true number of molecules actually adsorbed.
A New Preparation Technique for Pd/Alumina Membranes with Enhanced High-Temperature Stability (1999)

Pd/alumina composite membranes were fabricated using the generally practiced electroless plating process involving two-step activation of a symmetric 0.2 μm α-alumina microfilter with tin (Sn) chloride sensitizer (containing SnCl2 and SnCl4) and palladium(II) chloride (PdCl2). Pd films were deposited on these activated supports with a hydrazine- (N2H4-) and PdCl2-containing electroless plating bath. When these membranes were tested at 823 K for several days, the ideal H2/N2 separation factor (pure gas permeability ratio) declined substantially, depending on the membrane thickness. Modifications to the activation procedure minimized the amount of Sn chloride used in the sensitizing step. This reduced the selectivity decline, although the problem was not eliminated. The amount of Sn present at the Pd/ceramic interface was qualitatively related to the high-temperature performance. Possible routes for pore formation and selectivity decline are suggested. Sn chloride was removed from the process entirely with a new activation technique utilizing palladium(II) acetate (Pd(O2CCH3)2). Prior to electroless plating, substrates were dip-coated in a chloroform solution of Pd acetate, dried, calcined, and then reduced in flowing H2. At 973 K, nitrogen flux through these membranes remained constant for a period of at least a week. However, hydrogen permeability decreased at 873 K and above because of annealing.
Photochemical Transformations. X. Irradiation of a Fused Ring Homoannular Dienone Related to ψ-Santonin<sup>1,2</sup> (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemical Transformations. X. Irradiation of a Fused Ring Homoannular Dienone Related to ψ-Santonin1,2William G. Dauben, David A. Lightner, and William K. HayesCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1962, 27, 5, 1897–1898Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01052a514https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01052a514research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views31Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Transverse and lateral distribution of phospholipids and glycolipids in the membrane of the bacterium Micrococcus luteus (1989)

The photodimerization of anthracene was used to investigate the transverse and lateral distribution of lipids in the membrane of the Gram-positive bacterium Micrococcus luteus. 9-(2-Anthryl)nonanoic acid (9-AN) is incorporated at a high rate into various membrane lipids of M. luteus. On irradiation of intact bacteria at 360 nm, anthracene-labeled lipids form stable photodimers which can be extracted and separated by thin-layer chromatography. We present here the results of a study on the distribution of two major lipids, phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and dimannosyldiacylglycerol (DMDG), within each leaflet of the membrane lipid bilayer. After metabolic incorporation of a tritiated derivative of 9-AN in M. luteus, the radioactivity associated with the photodimers issued from PG and DMDG was counted. In the bacterial membrane, the ratio of PG-DMDG heterodimer with respect to PG-PG and DMDG-DMDG homodimers is around half of what should be obtained for a homogeneous mixture of the two lipids. In order to find out whether this was due to an asymmetric distribution of the two lipids between the two membrane leaflets or a heterogeneous distribution of the two lipids within the same membrane leaflet, the transverse distribution of PG and DMDG was also investigated. This was carried out by following the kinetics of oxidation of the two lipids by periodic acid in the membrane of M. luteus protoplasts. PG predominated slightly in the outer layer (60%), while DMDG was found to be symmetrically distributed between the two leaflets. By itself, this lipid asymmetry cannot account for the lipid distribution determined from the photodimerization experiments. This indicates that PG and DMDG are not homogeneously distributed in the plane of the bacterial membrane.
Differential gene and protein expression between rat tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve during Wallerian degeneration (2019)

Wallerian degeneration and nerve regeneration after injury are complex processes involving many genes, proteins and cytokines. After different peripheral nerve injuries the regeneration rate can differ. Whether this is caused by differential expression of genes and proteins during Wallerian degeneration remains unclear. The right tibial nerve and the common peroneal nerve of the same rat were exposed and completely cut through and then sutured in the same horizontal plane. On days 1, 7, 14, and 21 after surgery, 1-2 cm of nerve tissue distal to the suture site was dissected out from the tibial and common peroneal nerves. The differences in gene and protein expression during Wallerian degeneration of the injured nerves were then studied by RNA sequencing and proteomic techniques. In the tibial and common peroneal nerves, there were 1718, 1374, 1187, and 2195 differentially expressed genes, and 477, 447, 619, and 495 differentially expressed proteins on days 1, 7, 14, and 21 after surgery, respectively. Forty-seven pathways were activated during Wallerian degeneration. Three genes showing significant differential expression by RNA sequencing (Hoxd4, Lpcat4 and Tbx1) were assayed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RNA sequencing and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction results were consistent. Our findings showed that expression of genes and proteins in injured tibial and the common peroneal nerves were significantly different during Wallerian degeneration at different time points. This suggests that the biological processes during Wallerian degeneration are different in different peripheral nerves after injury. The procedure was approved by the Animal Experimental Ethics Committee of the Second Military Medical University, China (approval No. CZ20160218) on February 18, 2016.
A Case Study Documenting the Development of Job Assist: A Speech Based Job Search System for Individuals with Visual Impairments (2017)

Web accessibility is an improving issue but still an issue nonetheless. The Job Assist system documented within this report addresses the accessibility issue by enabling users with visual impairments to access job and salary information using spoken dialogue interaction through a standalone desktop application. This case study provides information on our practical experience developing the system as well as our experience with Microsoft’s Windows Speech API, Bing Speech API and Language Understanding Intelligent Service (LUIS). In our project we were most severely challenged in our attempt to make our system usable by two groups of users, native English speakers and non-native English speakers of Indian origin. We argue that the solutions that we employed to address these challenges may be of value to other practitioners in similar contexts.
Design of LNA probes that improve mismatch discrimination (2006)

Locked nucleic acids (LNA) show remarkable affinity and specificity against native DNA targets. Effects of LNA modifications on mismatch discrimination were studied as a function of sequence context and identity of the mismatch using ultraviolet (UV) melting experiments. A triplet of LNA residues centered on the mismatch was generally found to have the largest discriminatory power. An exception was observed for G-T mismatches, where discrimination decreased when the guanine nucleotide at the mismatch site or even the flanking nucleotides were modified. Fluorescence experiments using 2-aminopurine suggest that LNA modifications enhance base stacking of perfectly matched base pairs and decrease stabilizing stacking interactions of mismatched base pairs. LNAs do not change the amount of counterions (Na+) that are released when duplexes denature. New guidelines are suggested for design of LNA probes, which significantly improve mismatch discrimination in comparison with unmodified DNA probes.
Serum osteoprotegerin levels are increased in patients with advanced prostate cancer. (2001)

Our data show that serum OPG levels are increased with advanced CaP. We hypothesize that OPG levels are related to CaP progression and suggest that further studies of the biological effects of OPG on CaP metastases are warranted.
PCL reconstruction: In vitro biomechanical comparison of 'isometric' versus single and double-bundled 'anatomic' grafts (1998)

We compared the ability of three different posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstructions to restore normal anteroposterior laxity to the knee from 0 to 130 degrees of knee flexion. Cadaver knees were tested intact, after PCL rupture or after bone-patellar tendon-bone grafting. Grafts were performed isometrically or with a single bundle representing the anatomical anterior PCL fibre bulk (aPC) or with a double bundle that added the posterior PCL fibre bulk (pPC). The grafts were tensioned to restore normal knee laxity at 60 degrees of flexion, except for the pPC which was tensioned at 130 degrees. The isometric graft led to overconstraint as the knee extended resulting in high graft tension in extension and excess laxity in flexion. The aPC graft matched normal laxity from 0 to 60 degrees of flexion but was lax from 90 to 130 degrees of flexion. Only the double-bundled graft could restore normal knee laxity across the full range of flexion.
Content-Based Music Retrieval on Acoustic Data (2003)

With the explosive amount of music data available on the internet in recent years, there has been much interest in developing new ways to search and retrieve such data effectively. Currently, most music search engines operate on text labels or symbolic data, rather than on the underlying acoustic content. A truly content-based music retrieval system should have the ability to find similar songs based on their underlying score or melody, regardless of their metadata description or file names. Potential applications include automatic music identification, music analysis, plagiarism detection, copyright enforcement, etc. 
In this dissertation, we study the problem of searching and retrieving music based on acoustic content similarity. Given a query sound clip, our goal is to retrieve “similar” occurrences from a music database, where similarity is based on the intuitive notion of “same song” perceived by humans: two pieces are similar if they are fully or partially based on the same score, even if they are performed by different people, with different instruments, or at different tempo. Retrieval results are given as a list of songs ranked by computed similarity estimate. Both the input query and the underlying database are taken from actual music recordings in raw acoustic format. 
We study two types of systems, one based on exhaustive matching by dynamic programming (which is relatively accurate but not scalable), the other based on high-dimensional indexing (which is less accurate but scalable). For the latter index-based retrieval system, the core algorithm is parallelizable and can be placed into a peer-to-peer architecture for improved performance, with the ability to share spare CPU resources and to achieve dynamic load-balancing.
<i>Magnaporthe grisea</i> Pathogenicity Genes Obtained Through Insertional Mutagenesis (1998)

We have initiated a mutational analysis of pathogenicity in the rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe grisea, in which hygromycin-resistant transformants, most generated by restriction enzyme-mediated integration (REMI), were screened for the ability to infect plants. A rapid primary infection assay facilitated screening of 5,538 transformants. Twenty-seven mutants were obtained that showed a reproducible pathogenicity defect, and 18 of these contained mutations that cosegregated with the hygromycin resistance marker. Analysis of eight mutants has resulted in the cloning of seven PTH genes that play a role in pathogenicity on barley, weeping lovegrass, and rice. Two independent mutants identified the same gene, PTH2, suggesting nonrandom insertion of the transforming DNA. These first 7 cloned PTH genes are described.
Broadband balun using active negative group delay circuit (2007)

In this paper, a broadband balun using an active circuit with negative group delay (NGD) is proposed. The unit cell of the active NGD circuit is based on a Field Effect Transistor (FET) in cascade with an RLC series network. First, a comparison between measurements of a two-stage prototype of this active topology and simulations validate the synthesis method of this innovative device. Then, thanks to the NGD circuit, a constant phase can be generated if this circuit is associated with a classical transmission line. By implementing such phase shifters into the two branches of a resistive splitter, we obtain a new balun topology. The NGD balun simulation results show a rather constant differential output phase (180degplusmn9deg), insertion losses above -2.4 dB and an excellent isolation below -59 dB for all three ports, for a bandwidth from 3.5 GHz to 5.5 GHz.