gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-Mobility Group (HMG) Protein HMG-1 and TATA-Binding Protein-Associated Factor TAF<sub>II</sub>30 Affect Estrogen Receptor-Mediated Transcriptional Activation (1997)

The estrogen receptor (ER) belongs to a family of ligand-inducible nuclear receptors that exert their effects by binding to cis-acting DNA elements in the regulatory region of target genes. The detailed mechanisms by which ER interacts with the estrogen response element (ERE) and affects transcription still remain to be elucidated. To study the ER-ERE interaction and transcription initiation, we employed purified recombinant ER expressed in both the baculovirus-Sf9 and his-tagged bacterial systems. The effect of high-mobility group (HMG) protein HMG-1 and purified recombinant TATA-binding protein-associated factor TAF(II)30 on ER-ERE binding and transcription initiation were assessed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay and in vitro transcription from an ERE-containing template (pERE2LovTATA), respectively. We find that purified, recombinant ER fails to bind to ERE in spite of high ligand-binding activity and electrophoretic and immunological properties identical to ER in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. HMG-1 interacts with ER and promotes ER-ERE binding in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The effectiveness of HMG-1 to stimulate ER-ERE binding in the electrophoretic mobility shift assay depends on the sequence flanking the ERE consensus as well as the position of the latter in the oligonucleotide. We find that TAF(II)30 has no effect on ER-ERE binding either alone or in combination with ER and HMG-1. Although HMG-1 promotes ER-ERE binding, it fails to stimulate transcription initiation either in the presence or absence of hormone. In contrast, TAF(II)30, while not affecting ER-ERE binding, stimulates transcription initiation 20-fold in the presence of HMG-1. These results indicate that HMG-1 and TAF(II)30 act in sequence, the former acting to promote ER-ERE binding followed by the latter to stimulate transcription initiation.
SVC video streaming over cooperative LTE/802.11p vehicle-to-infrastructure communications (2013)

Collaborative techniques for real-time video streaming of scalable video coded (SVC) videos over vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) communications are investigated. In the studied methods, roadside units (RSUs) communicate with moving vehicles using IEEE 802.11p, whereas the long term evolution (LTE) system is used to communicate with the vehicles through cellular base stations. Techniques for video transmission by RSUs only, LTE only, or jointly by both LTE and RSUs are presented and compared, and the joint collaborative technique is shown to lead to the best results.
<i>Reply:</i> (2016)

We appreciate the insightful comments by Wu et al on our recent article “Computer-Assisted Detection of Cerebral Aneurysms in MR Angiography in a Routine Image-Reading Environment: Effects on Diagnosis by Radiologists.”[1][1] We would like to address their comments and concerns. ### Apparently
Strongly localized gap solitons in diatomic lattices (1993)

It is shown that strongly localized discrete gap solitons may exist in a diatomic chain of particles interacting via a harmonic and a quartic anharmonic potential. In the framework of the rotating-wave approximation, several types of such nonlinear modes are found in the limit of large nonlinearity.
Direct current slice imaging (2003)

We report a new variation of the velocity map ion imaging method that allows the central section of the photofragment ion cloud to be recorded exclusively. The relevant speed and angular distributions for a molecular photodissociation or scattering event may therefore be obtained without need to utilize inversion methods such as the inverse Abel transform. In contrast to the recently reported “slicing” technique of Kitsopoulos and co-workers [C. R. Gebhardt et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 72, 3848 (2001)], our method makes no use of grids or pulsed electric fields which can distort the photofragment cloud and therefore compromise the resolution of velocity mapping. We find that by operating a multilens velocity mapping assembly at low voltages, the ion cloud stretches in the acceleration region owing to the kinetic energy release in the fragments. Furthermore, this inherent stretching is sufficient to allow the central section of the distribution to be recorded exclusively by application of a narrow time gate (∼40 ns) to a position sensitive detector. We have performed extensive ion trajectory simulations to understand this “direct current (dc) slice imaging” technique, and experimentally we have applied it to the 355 nm dissociation of Cl2 and NO2 as well-understood test cases. In the Cl2 studies the velocity resolution obtained for the Cl35 fragments is on the order of Δν/ν=2.8% and for the first time we are able to directly observe dissociation via the weak B 3Π0u+ state channel whilst imaging the ground state Cl(2P3/2)-atom distribution. For the case of NO2 dissociation the internal state distributions of the NO fragment are extracted more cleanly using slicing than is possible with the Abel inversion and our resolution is sufficient to resolve some of the NO rotational structure in the kinetic energy release for the first time. Overall, we find our data to compare very favorably with previously reported results and conclude that dc slice imaging offers an important, easily implemented refinement to the velocity mapping approach. We also demonstrate a second dc slice imaging method that records only the central section of an expanded photofragment distribution by using a probe laser displaced off-axis from the molecular beam. This approach, which we term “raster imaging,” may be particularly advantageous in two-color experiments where the probe laser also makes a significant contribution to the initial photolysis of the molecular species under investigation.
Thermochemistry of Interconversion of H<sub>2</sub>B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>(g) and H<sub>3</sub>B<sub>3</sub>O<sub>3</sub>(g)<sup>1</sup> (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermochemistry of Interconversion of H2B2O3(g) and H3B3O3(g)1Lawrence Barton, Satish K. Wason, and Richard F. PorterCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1965, 69, 9, 3160–3164Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100893a058https://doi.org/10.1021/j100893a058research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views33Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
The Specific Polysaccharide of Type XVIIIA Pneumococcus<sup>*</sup> (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Specific Polysaccharide of Type XVIIIA Pneumococcus*Michael Heidelberger, Sergio Estrada-Parra, and Rachel BrownCite this: Biochemistry 1964, 3, 10, 1548–1550Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00898a027https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00898a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views25Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 delays collagen formation in nutritional injury in rat liver† (1988)

Chronic nutritional injury was induced in rats by a high-fat, lipotrope-deficient diet. The hepatoprotective effect of 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 on the deposition of collagen and fat was assessed by histological evaluation and measurement of hydroxyproline. Dose-response studies established that optimal protection was achieved by the twice daily administration of 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 at 100 micrograms per kg (subcutaneous) or 250 micrograms per kg (oral). 16,16-Dimethyl prostaglandin E2 and a crystalline analog [(p-acetamidobenzamido)phenyl ester of 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 significantly delayed both the deposition of collagen and the increase in hepatic hydroxyproline content. There was an excellent correlation between the histological assessment of collagen and the biochemical measurement of hydroxyproline. These data provide a rationale for the evaluation of prostaglandins in the treatment of human liver disease.
Localized elasticity measured in epithelial cells migrating at a wound edge using atomic force microscopy (2008)

Restoration of lung homeostasis following injury requires efficient wound healing by the epithelium. The mechanisms of lung epithelial wound healing include cell spreading and migration into the wounded area and later cell proliferation. We hypothesized that mechanical properties of cells vary near the wound edge, and this may provide cues to direct cell migration. To investigate this hypothesis, we measured variations in the stiffness of migrating human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE cells) approximately 2 h after applying a scratch wound. We used atomic force microscopy (AFM) in contact mode to measure the cell stiffness in 1.5-microm square regions at different locations relative to the wound edge. In regions far from the wound edge (>2.75 mm), there was substantial variation in the elastic modulus in specific cellular regions, but the median values measured from multiple fields were consistently lower than 5 kPa. At the wound edge, cell stiffness was significantly lower within the first 5 microm but increased significantly between 10 and 15 microm before decreasing again below the median values away from the wound edge. When cells were infected with an adenovirus expressing a dominant negative form of RhoA, cell stiffness was significantly decreased compared with cells infected with a control adenovirus. In addition, expression of dominant negative RhoA abrogated the peak increase in stiffness near the wound edge. These results suggest that cells near the wound edge undergo localized changes in cellular stiffness that may provide signals for cell spreading and migration.
Immunoarchitecture of the bone marrow in neutropenia: Increased HNK‐1 + cells define a subset of neutropenic patients (1987)

An immunoperoxidase technique was used to examine the distribution of lymphocyte subsets in bone marrow biopsies of 15 patients with neutropenia and seven non-neutropenic controls. The bone marrow of most patients and controls had similar distributions of immune effector cells characterized by a diffuse array of predominantly cytotoxic/suppressor T-cells and occasional nodular aggregates of helper T-cells. Cells displaying the natural killer cell marker HNK-1 were sparse in controls and most neutropenic patients. However, marked increases in marrow HNK-1 + cells were identified in four of the 15 patients. Three of these patients had diffuse HNK-1 + infiltrates associated with increased Leu 4+ (OKT-3+) T-cells while one had a nodular HNK-1+ infiltrate associated with small B-cell follicles. Each of these patients had clinical features similar to those described in the large granular lymphocyte (LGL) lymphocytosis (leukemia) syndrome, but only one of four demonstrated persistently increased numbers of LGLs in the peripheral blood. Thus, this study extends the association of neutropenia and increased numbers of cells with a T/NK phenotype to include patients whose bone marrow is the only demonstrable site of involvement. Since morphologic examination of the bone marrow could not identify the bone marrows with increased HNK-1+ cells, immunologic techniques are required to detect these cases.
Stimulated electronic anti-stokes Raman emission in quantum cascade lasers (2005)

We report the first observation of stimulated electronic anti-Stokes Raman emission in quantum cascade lasers. The pump laser is monolithically integrated with the anti-Stokes nonlinear region in a 2-stack active waveguide core.
Neural progenitors derived from human embryonic stem cells are targeted by allogeneic T and natural killer cells (2009)

Neural progenitor cells (NPC) of foetal origin or derived from human embryonic stem cells (HESC) have the potential to differentiate into mature neurons after transplantation into the central nervous system, opening the possibility of cell therapy for neurodegenerative disorders. In most cases, the transplanted NPC are genetically unrelated to the recipient, leading to potential rejection of the transplanted cells. Very few data provide reliable information as to the potential immune response of allogeneic neural progenitors derived from HESC. In this study, we analyzed in vitro the allogeneic immune response of T lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells to NPC derived from HESC or of foetal origin. We demonstrate that NPC induce T-cell stimulation and a strong NK cytotoxic response. NK-cell activity is unrelated to MHC-I expression but driven by the activating NKG2D receptor. Cyclosporine and dexamethasone previously used in clinical studies with foetal NPC did not only fail to prevent NK alloreactivity but strongly inhibited the terminal maturation from NPC into mature neurons. We conclude that allogenic transplantation of NPC in the central nervous system will most likely require an immunosuppressive regimen targeting allogenic T and NK cells, whereas possible interference with the differentiation of NPC needs to be carefully evaluated.
Morphologic changes in boar sperm nuclei with reduced disulfide bonds in electrostimulated porcine oocytes (2006)

In pigs, failure of sperm nuclear decondensation has been reported after injection into oocytes. We examined the effects of pretreating sperm heads with Triton X-100 (TX-100) and dithiothreitol (DTT) and of electrical stimulation of oocytes after sperm head injection on time-dependent morphologic changes in sperm nuclei and in vitro development to the blastocyst stage. In experiment 1, spermatozoa were pretreated with 1% TX-100 and 5 mM DTT (T + D) or not treated, and then injected into in vitro matured oocytes. Electrical stimulation (1.5 kV/cm, 20 mus DC pulse) was applied to the oocytes 1 h after injection (stimulated group) or was not applied (unstimulated group). Some of the oocytes in each group were evaluated at hourly intervals until 10 h after injection for morphologic changes in the sperm nuclei. Unstimulated oocytes injected with untreated spermatozoa showed a delayed peak in the rate of nuclear decondensation (39.4-44.1%, 3-6 h after injection) compared with oocytes injected with T + D-treated spermatozoa (57.0% and 52.6%, 1 and 2 h, respectively). The rate of male pronucleus formation peaked 6 h after stimulation (by 40-60%) after injected oocytes had been stimulated with an electrical pulse, irrespective of whether or not the spermatozoa had been pretreated. In unstimulated oocytes, the rate of male pronucleus formation did not increase and stayed at the basal level (less than 20%) throughout the culture period, regardless of the sperm treatment. Thus, T + D treatment of spermatozoa did not affect completion of fertilization. In experiment 2, we evaluated the effects of electrical stimulation and sperm treatment with T + D on the rate of blastocyst formation and the mean number of cells per blastocyst. Oocytes stimulated after injection with either T + D-treated or untreated spermatozoa showed significantly higher percentages of blastocyst formation (24.8% and 27.1% respectively) than did unstimulated oocytes (1.1% and 4.1% for T + D-treated and untreated respectively; P < 0.01 by Duncan's multiple-range test). The rate of blastocyst formation did not differ between the T + D-treated and untreated groups. The mean number of cells per blastocyst did not differ among any of the groups (14.0-29.4 cells). These results suggest that pretreatment of sperm with TX-100 and DTT shifted the timing of sperm nuclear decondensation forward. However, pronucleus formation and development to the blastocyst stage in vitro were not improved by sperm treatment. Thus, electrical stimulation of injected oocytes enhances in vitro development to the blastocyst stage in pigs.
An extremely narrowband directional coupler wavelength filter based on electromagnetically induced transparency (2002)

Electromagnetic induced transparency (EIT) [1] is a technique that offers a possibility to dynamically engineer the susceptibilities of materials, potentially allowing for large increases in the density of photonic components, as well as the development of functions of impossible implementation with existing integrated optical technologies. The increase in density is due to the order of magnitude decrease in interaction lengths and the potential ultra-low power dissipation in adiabatic structures. In this work we show a possible application of EIT in producing an extremely selective wavelength coupler filter. We next study the performance and limitations of the device with respect to the physical parameters involved.
The effect of mechanical treatment on kraft pulps produced from different softwood raw materials (2005)

Fiber deformation is generally considered to be changes in the three-dimensional form of the fiber and fiber damage is considered to be changes in the strength properties of the fiber and fiber network. Usually, fiber deformation and fiber damage occur simultaneously and together are referred to as fiber damage. In this study fiber damage occurring in pulps made from pine and spruce round wood and sawmill chip raw materials were examined in the laboratory. Damage was carried out in the laboratory by mixing the pulp at the end of the cook (170°C) for 15 minutes. The curl index, kink index, fiber length and strength properties were measured for unbleached pulps made from these raw materials as a function of PFI beating. The damaged spruce pulps had lower wet zero-span tensile strength than the damaged pine pulps, although the strengths of the undamaged pulps were at the same level. Furthermore, this study showed that spruce fibers were more deformed than pine fibers under the same mechanical treatment conditions. The results also showed that the tensile index of unbeaten fibers was a good indication of fiber deformation. The curl of the deformed fibers decreased during PFI-beat-ing whereas the curl of the undeformed fibers increased.
Columnar Self-Assembly and Alignment of Planar Carbenium Ions in Langmuir−Blodgett Films (2010)

Structural and optical properties of multilayer Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of two amphiphilic carbenium salts 2-didecylamino-6,10-bis(dimethylamino)-4,8,12-trioxatriangulenium hexafluorophosphate (ATOTA-1) and 2,6-bis(decylmethylamino)-10-dimethylamino-4,8,12-trioxatriangulenium hexafluorophosphate (ATOTA-2) are described. The LB films were prepared on lipophilic glass by standard vertical dipping. Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD) measurements show that the planar organic cores, in spite of their positive charge, form closely packed columns with a repeating distance of ∼3.45 Å. Specular X-ray reflectivity (SXR) reveals the LB multilayers to consist of Y-type bilayers with thickness 31 Å for ATOTA-1 and 41 Å for ATOTA-2. This significant difference is ascribed to the different packing motifs of the alkyl chains in the two LB films. GIXD and polarized UV-vis absorption and emission spectroscopy show that the columnar aggregates in the LB films are oriented along the dipping direction. This alignment is attributed to shear effects during LB transfer. The main absorption band of the LB films is blue-shifted compared to that in solution, while the fluorescence is red-shifted by more than 100 nm. These findings suggest the presence of H-aggregates in agreement with the cofacial packing derived from the X-ray measurements. Polarized absorption spectroscopy with variable angle of incidence was used to resolve two perpendicular optical transitions in the visible range, one at 460 nm polarized perpendicular to the columnar direction, in the plane of the film, and one at 420 nm polarized along the film normal.
Ruthenium‐NHC‐katalysierte hoch asymmetrische Hydrierung von Benzofuranen (2012)

H2-O-T! Aromatische O-Heterocyclen sind eine anspruchsvolle, aber lohnenswerte Klasse von Substraten in der asymmetrischen Hydrierung (H2). Ein in situ gebildeter Rutheniumkomplex eines chiralen N-heterocyclisches Carbens (NHC) ermöglicht die effektive, vollkommen regioselektive und hoch asymmetrische Hydrierung von substituierten Benzofuranen bei RT, die zur Bildung von wertvollen 2,3-Dihydrobenzofuranen führt. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.