gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Infectious Diseases of Wild Mammals (2001)

Viral and prion diseases: Rabies Morbilliviral diseases Bluetongue, epizootic haemorrhagic diseases, and other orbivirus realted diseases Arbovirus infections Picornaviruses Parvoviruses Herpesvirus infections Poxviruses Adenoviruses Papillomavirus infections Pestivirus infections Coronaviral infections Rodent-borne haemorrhagic fever viruses Orthomyxoviruses and paramyxoviruses Calicivirus infections transmissible spongiform encephalopathy Bacterial and mycotic diseases: Tularemia Plague and yersiniosis Pasteurellosis Mycobacterial diseases Anthrax Disease due to mycoplasmas Chlamydiosis of koalas Lyme borreliosis Order rickettsiales Miscellaneous bacterial infections Mycotic diseases.
Flight Test Results of a Video-Aided GPS/Inertial Navigation System (2007)

NAVSYS Corporation has been developing a navigation system that can apply aiding to an inertial navigation solution using video-updates to provide a back-up navigation mode in the event that GPS is unavailable. Tactical UAVs carry onboard video sensors that are being used to provide situational awareness on the battlefield. By using NAVSYS’ integrated GPS/inertial/video (GIEye) technology, we are able to use this onboard sensor data to provide navigation augmentation during periods of GPS dropouts. The video updates are performed by networking georegistered images from the UAV to the ground station where we run our Web-based GeoReferenced Image Manager (WebGRIM™) software. WebGRIM includes the capability to compare visible landmarks within the GI-Eye images to reference imagery stored in the WebGRIM database. The offset between the two provides an observation of the position error in the onboard navigation solution of this waypoint. This is then sent as a Waypoint update (WUPT) to the UAV’s onboard inertial navigation system. This provides a reliable, robust back-up navigation mode during GPS dropouts that can be used with inexpensive tactical grade or MEMS Inertial Measurement Units (IMU). The videoaided system design and test results are presented in this paper.
Concerning Type Locality And Type Fixation Of The North American Ant, Myrmica Emeryana Forel. (1954)

xBio:D Automated Upload
Tethers for Small Satellite Applications (2025)

This paper begins with a sketch of the history of space tether concepts and then describes the four tether orbital flight tests flown in 1992-94 (TSS-1, SEDS-1, PMG, and SEDS-2). It reviews currently funded flight experiments and studies aimed at near-term flights. Next it provides a brief tutorial on some key aspects of space tether concepts. Finally it homes in on issues and applications relevant to small satellites, and gives specific examples of typical mission scenarios, tradeoffs, benefits, and costs.
A performance validation tool for J2EE applications (2006)

J2EE is the de-facto industry standard for implementing and scaling Java on the enterprise scale distributed systems. It is the result of strong industry collaboration. All involved is trying to make the technology J2EE commercially viable. This industry support has allowed J2EE to be based on the experience and expertise from leading designers of industry systems that are scalable, well integrated and provided a cross platform environment for application development, deployment and management. One of the major problems in building large-scale enterprise systems is managing the performance of the eventual solution. It is also true for J2EE based systems. This paper proposes an approach for accurate analysis of J2EE applications. It discusses the design of JPManager - a J2EE performance management system and related techniques, such as Java instrumentation, which is used in the JPManager's implementation.
Order Picking in Narrow‐Aisle Warehouses (1990)

Order picking in a warehouse consumes most of the stockroom labour because of the high frequency of transactions. This article presents an algorithm for order picking in narrow‐aisle warehouses and describes its implementation using a spreadsheet. The algorithm is illustrated by an example, and the algorithmic method is compared with the current method of order picking in the food industry. Randomly generated problems show savings of up to 85 per cent in distance travelled by the pick‐up vehicle. The manager of the warehouse, where the method has been implemented, confirmed that he has become more effective and efficient on order delivery by using it.
New Strategies in Lung Cancer: Translating Immunotherapy into Clinical Practice (2014)

Recent breakthroughs in translating the early development of immunomodulatory antibodies into the clinic, notably with the anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 antibody, ipilimumab, have led to durable benefits and prolonged survival for a subgroup of patients with advanced melanoma. Subsequent studies have shown that related immune checkpoint antibodies, specifically those targeting the programmed death-1 pathway, have activity in non-small cell lung cancer. Non-small cell lung cancer is the commonest cause of cancer death worldwide and this exciting avenue of clinical investigation carries with it great promise and new challenges. In this article, we discuss recent developments in lung cancer immunotherapy, reviewing recent findings from therapeutic vaccine studies and in particular we focus on the refinement of immunomodulation as a therapeutic strategy in this challenging disease.
The survival of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> spores in the baking of bread (1954)

Abstract The survival of Bacillus subtilis spores at temperatures near 100° was determined in buffered suspensions. Known numbers (about 10 5 /g.) of these spores were mixed into dough which was baked normally into bread. Temperatures taken near the centre of the loaf, near the crust, and midway between the two showed that the temperature within the loaf was 100‐101° and this was only just attained at the centre. These temperatures were comparable with similar measurements in various baked products. Viable counts were made on the dough just before entering the oven and on baked samples taken at the thermocouple positions. Corresponding loaves were incubated at 37°. In buffer solutions vegetative cells were killed in about 2 min. at 75°. The thermal death/time curves for spores were not exponential, a small proportion of the spores surviving for relatively long periods. In dough, about half the spores germinated between mixing the dough and putting it into the oven. Comparison of the survival of spores in the bread with that expected from the temperature treatment and from the experiments in buffer solutions suggested that the heat resistance in bread is roughly the same as, certainly no less than, that in phosphate buffer of pH 6.5. Only a small proportion of the surviving spores generated ropy patches within a week, owing perhaps to peculiarities in water distribution within the loaf.
Water‐Soluble Non‐Classical Benzene Mimetics (2020)

A new generation of saturated benzene mimetics, 2-oxabicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes, was developed. These compounds were designed as analogues of bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane with an improved water solubility. Crystallographic analysis of 2-oxabicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes revealed that they occupy a novel chemical space, but, at the same time, resemble the motif of meta-disubstituted benzenes.
Computer-aided development of mechatronic systems (2002)

As a rule, modern technical systems consist of components from different disciplines (mechanics, electrical engineering, electro-magnetics, hydraulics, etc.). Typical examples are the so-called mechatronic systems. These are systems whose basic structure is usually a mechanical one with mostly higher transmission bandwidth and which are completed by actuators and sensors for a better statical and dynamical behaviour. Their special efficiency is due to a combination with information-processing systems; these are usually digital control elements. The considerable complexity of systems of this kind requires systematization of the design process, as regards model generation, system analysis and synthesis. This, however, is indissolubly linked to software support covering the entire design cycle. This is the starting point for my contribution which will present a uniform system description language for various technical disciplines. It is the basis of a graphics-oriented, interactive design environment for developing and realizing mechatronic systems which will be exemplified in detail by their modelling and nonlinear simulation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Modélisation et élaboration de micro-sources pour l'étalonnage des méthodes de microscopie thermique. (2004)

National audience
Analysis Of Combined Heat Transfer Through The Core Materials Of Vips With Various Scattering Properties (2015)

Vacuum Insulation Panel (VIP) can achieve very low<br> thermal conductivity by evacuating its inner space. Heat transfer in the<br> core materials of highly-evacuated VIP occurs by conduction through<br> the solid structure and radiation through the pore. The effect of various<br> scattering modes in combined conduction-radiation in VIP is<br> investigated through numerical analysis. The discrete ordinates<br> interpolation method (DOIM) incorporated with the commercial code<br> FLUENT® is employed. It is found that backward scattering is more<br> effective in reducing the total heat transfer while isotropic scattering is<br> almost identical with pure absorbing/emitting case of the same optical<br> thickness. For a purely scattering medium, the results agrees well with<br> additive solution with diffusion approximation, while a modified term<br> is added in the effect of optical thickness to backward scattering is<br> employed. For other scattering phase functions, it is also confirmed<br> that backwardly scattering phase function gives a lower effective<br> thermal conductivity. Thus the materials with backward scattering<br> properties, with radiation shields are desirable to lower the thermal<br> conductivity of VIPs.
Impacts of Weather on Traffic Flow Characteristics of Urban Freeways in Istanbul (2011)

Speed-flow relationships have been established for different free-flow speeds on urban freeways. However, there have been few research efforts relating real-time traffic flow parameters and weather conditions for different levels of heavy vehicle traffic. This study aims at establishing relationships between speed and volume in freeway sections using Remote Traffic Microwave Sensor (RTMS) data as a function of weather conditions. Historical weather and RTMS detector data (i.e., volume and speed) from two highway corridors in the Istanbul metropolitan area are used for this purpose. Empirical relationships between traffic speed and volume are analyzed by weather condition (clear, rain, fog/mist/haze, or snow), surface condition (dry, wet, or icy), and percentage of heavy vehicles in the traffic mix. The findings from the analysis show that rain reduced the average vehicular speeds by 8 to 12% and the capacity by 7-8%. Moreover, wet surface conditions resulted in a reduction of average speeds by 6 to 7% and light snow affected demand leading to a significant reduction in traffic volume.
Mechanical dewatering of chopped alfalfa using an experimental piston-cylinder assembly (2000)

Sinha, S., Sokhansanj, S., Crerar, W.J., Yang, W., Tabil, L.G., Khoshtaghaza, M.H. and Patil, R.T. 2000. Mechanical dewatering of chopped alfalfa using an experimental piston-cylinder assembly. Can. Agric. Eng. 42:153-156. Experiments were conducted to investigate the quantity and quality of the chopped alfalfa pulp and juice extracted in a piston-cylinder assembly. Singleand doublemacerated alfalfa chops at an initial moisture content of 75.7% (wet mass basis) were pressed under constant or increasing pressures up to 20 MPa. The pressed pulp and the juice were analyzed for the contents of dry matter, protein, and β-carotene. Approximately 52% of the total water content was removed at pressures higher than 4 MPa. The pressure required to extract extra juice from already pressed pulp increased exponentially. The juice had on average solids content of 1012% (dry mass basis). On a dry matter basis, there were no reductions in either protein content or β-carotene in the pulp.
The beta subunit of the mitochondrial processing peptidase from rat liver: cloning and sequencing of a cDNA and comparison with a proposed family of metallopeptidases. (1993)

Most nuclearly encoded mitochondrial proteins are synthesized with amino-terminal leader peptides that are removed by the mitochondrial processing peptidase (MPP) after translocation. Earlier we reported cloning and sequencing of a cDNA for the larger subunit (MPP alpha subunit) of this enzyme from rat liver mitochondria. We have now completed the cloning and sequencing of a cDNA encoding the smaller subunit of the enzyme (MPP beta subunit) from the same source. The cDNA consists of 1570 bp: 17 bp of 5'-untranslated sequence, 1467 bp of coding sequence, and 86 bp of 3'-untranslated sequence. The predicted protein consists of 489 amino acid residues, including a 45-amino acid leader peptide at the amino terminus and a 444-amino acid mature protein. The amino acid sequences of four tryptic peptides derived from purified MPP beta subunit precisely match those predicted by the cDNA sequence, as does the predicted mature amino terminus. The amino-terminal sequence is typical of a mitochondrial leader peptide, with eight positively charged arginine residues and a single negatively charged aspartate residue. When the amino acid sequence of rat MPP beta subunit is compared with sequences in the protein data bases, significant homology is found with the protease-enhancing protein of Neurospora crassa, the smaller subunit of MPP from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the core I protein of bovine ubiquinol:cytochrome c reductase. Lower homology is found with other members of a recently proposed class of endoproteases, which includes human insulinase and protease III from Escherichia coli.
Common Docking Domain Mutation E322K of the ERK2 Gene is Infrequent in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas (2012)

Our result indicates that mutation in the CD domain of ERK2 is rare in OSCC patients, which suggests the role of genetic alterations in other mitogenic genes in the development of carcinoma in the rest of the patients. Nevertheless, the finding is clinically significant, as the relatively rare prevalence of the E322K mutation in OSCC suggests that ERK2, being a common end point signal in the multi-hierarchical mitogen activated signaling pathway may be explored as a viable drug target in the treatment of OSCC.
The Clinical History and Development of the Low Contact Stress Total Knee Arthroplasty (2002)

Contemporary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has evolved over the past 30 years as a result of early prosthetic design failure. Hinge-type implants demonstrated a high loosening rate because of overconstraint. Curved-on-flat prostheses, which were popular in the late 1970s, became associated with a high incidence of polyethylene failure. The Low Contact Stress (LCS) Total Knee System (DePuy Orthopaedics Inc, Warsaw, Ind), a mobile-bearing knee arthroplasty design, was introduced in 1977. The LCS Total Knee System, now in its 25th year without alterations in articular geometry, has demonstrated clinical success and has had an impact on evolving prosthetic designs. Introduced in 2001, the LCS Complete Total Knee System provides further refinements in patient fit without changing the fundamental design principles. Surgeons are cautioned to use a well-proven clinical design, as biomechanical variations critically impact clinical outcomes.
Etude et architecture d'un modem numerique destine aux modulations multiporteuses de densite 2 (1998)

Cette these porte sur l'etude et l'architecture d'un modem numerique destine aux modulations multiporteuses de densite 2 (ofdm/oqam). Les modems actuels bases sur une transformee de fourier et une structure de banc de filtres sont complexes et demandent une puissance du calcul et une capacite de memorisation importantes. Nous proposons un nouvel algorithme de modulation et de demodulation multiporteuse de type ofdm/oqam. Il repose sur une methode particuliere de filtrage appele buffer glissant. Nous proposons les architectures et les solutions originales permettant une realisation simple du modem. Elles permettent egalement de reduire le nombre d'operations a effectuer et la capacite de memoire necessaire. Dans ce cadre nous proposons un nouvel algorithme de transformee de fourier rapide optimise pour traiter les donnees reelles. Le modem simule, avec la fonction prototype iota, pour un nombre de porteuses egale a 1024 presente une precision suffisante pour un calcul interne sur 12 bits et une quantification des coefficients iota sur 9 bits.
Enhancement of chemotherapeutic effects with focused shock waves: extracorporeal shock wave chemotherapy (ESWC). (1997)

The effects of shock waves in combination with various anti-cancer agents i.e. Bleomycin(BLM), Cis-platinum (CDDP) and 5-fluorouracil(5-FU) on various human cancer cells were examined. It was only with BLM that enhancement was evident in all cell lines. The degree of chemotherapeutic enhancement was proportional to the amount of shock wave energy applied. Ladder formation of DNA in GCIY, a gastric cell line, was observed only when treated with both BLM and shock waves in combination. When SW 480, a colon cancer cell line, transplanted into the back of nude mice were treated with a combination of i.v. injected BLM and regional exposure to shock waves, a significant enhancement of chemotherapeutic effects was observed in terms of the tumor growth curve. When cancer cells exposed to shock waves and observed under scanning and transmission electron microscopes, microvilli on the cell surface disappeared and numerous dimples(diameters distributed from 0.05 to 0.5 microns) became apparent. These dimples were concluded to be pores penetrating through the cell membrane, because reagents such as propidium iodide or 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein could enter cells treated shock waves.
Long-term treatment of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy -- usefulness of verapamil (1983)

Journal Article Long-term treatment of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy — usefulness of verapamil Get access G. Kober, G. Kober Zentrum Innere Medizin, Abt für Kardiologie. J. W. Goethe-UniversitätD-6000 Frankfurt/Main 70, Federal Republic of Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. Schmidt-Moritz, A. Schmidt-Moritz Zentrum Innere Medizin, Abt für Kardiologie. J. W. Goethe-UniversitätD-6000 Frankfurt/Main 70, Federal Republic of Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. Hopf, R. Hopf Zentrum Innere Medizin, Abt für Kardiologie. J. W. Goethe-UniversitätD-6000 Frankfurt/Main 70, Federal Republic of Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. Kaltenbach M. Kaltenbach Zentrum Innere Medizin, Abt für Kardiologie. J. W. Goethe-UniversitätD-6000 Frankfurt/Main 70, Federal Republic of Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar European Heart Journal, Volume 4, Issue suppl_F, November 1983, Pages 165–174, https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/4.suppl_F.165 Published: 01 November 1983
Cross Talk Between Pathogenic CD4+T Cells and B Cells (143.35) (2010)

Abstract The effect of B cell depletion on diabetogenic T cells is not fully understood. We generated hCD20BDC2.5 NOD mice to specifically address this question. We treated hCD20BDC2.5 NOD mice with 2H7 or control IgG.Our results showed that dividing BDC2.5 cells from 2H7 treated mice produced more IFNg than their counterparts from IgG treated mice (P=0.0035). Interestingly, circulating IFNg in serum of IgG treated mice was higher than that in 2H7 treated mice (p=0.0029). To investigate effect of B cell depletion on diabetogenicity of BDC2.5 T cells, we transferred purified CD4+ BDC2.5 T cells, from either 2H7 or IgG treated mice, into NOD/SCID mice. The overall incidence of diabetes was much higher in NOD/SCID mice received BDC2.5 CD4+ cells from 2H7 treated donors than that from IgG treated donors. To investigate the direct effect of B cells on diabetogenic CD4+ T cells, we co-transferred BDC2.5 CD4+ T cells with purified B cells from NOD mice. Interestingly, we found that B cells may have a protective effect as diabetes development was delayed in the NOD/SCID mice received more B cells. In vitro, the addition of B cells inhibited the proliferation of BDC2.5 CD4+ T cells, supporting the in vivo diabetes development results. In summary, B cell depletion affects pathogenic T cells and there is a dichotomy in the role of B cells in diabetes development.
Serological markers in inflammatory bowel disease: a review of their clinical utility. (2009)

There is emerging evidence that combining serological markers may increase the accuracy of diagnosis of a specific form of IBD or its behavior, but the perfect assay or combination of antibodies has not been discovered. They have several limitations, therefore clinicians must be aware of the evidence on serological markers, interpret them with caution and always correlate with the clinical picture.
Efficient Algorithm for H.264/AVC Intra Frame Video Coding (2010)

This letter proposes an enhanced sum of absolute transform differences (SATD)-based intra mode decision for H.264/advanced video coding intra frame coding, which is accomplished in two stages. In the first stage, the low-frequency AC components of discrete cosine transform block of a MB is used to select I4 MB or I16 MB mode prediction; while in the second stage SATD coefficients, including SATD value and its variance, is used to skip improper modes for rate-distortion optimization mode decision. This letter compares the proposed algorithm performance with other distinct algorithms such as image structure tensor and dominant edge direction, and so on, and the results indicate that the proposed algorithm significantly outperforms these algorithms, in both rate-distortion performance and computation performance.
Testicular cancer (2004)

Testicular cancer research continues to modify current therapies, increase the understanding of the molecular basis of the disease, and improve the risk stratification of the patient population so as to minimize exposure to treatment-related morbidity and toxicity.
QoS tradeoffs using an application-oriented transport protocol (AOTP) for multimedia applications over IP (2003)

Traditionally, the provided service of Internet transport protocols is reliable/ordered or unreliable/unordered service, respectively. It has been widely accepted that a variety of applications (e.g. multimedia) can tradeoff reliability mechanisms to achieve higher throughput. Such a solution, which additionally respects user preferences for QoS characteristics (e.g. reliability, cost, throughput, delay) is a current demand. We propose an application-oriented transport protocol (AOTP) to handle partially or completely reliable transport service favoring throughput at the expense of reliability, or dropping the reliability level in order to keep the cost at a desired level. The protocol can be applied to cases where resource reservation is not possible or desired. Our approach does not use forward error correction to save bandwidth, but uses instead, a receiver-based retransmission mechanism. Therefore, the protocol is appropriate for applications that tolerate losses and thus, the need for retransmission (additional RTTs) does not arise often. We present encouraging initial results tested over Ethernet links; we compare AOTP with TCP and a TCP-like protocol without congestion control (TCPWCC), contrasting throughput results for different levels of reliability requirements.