gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Motion Control of the CyberCarpet Platform (2012)

The CyberCarpet is an actuated platform that allows unconstrained locomotion of a walking user for Virtual Reality exploration. The platform consists of a linear treadmill covered by a ball-array carpet and mounted on a turntable, and is equipped with two actuating devices for linear and angular motion. The main control objective is to keep the walker close to the platform center in the most natural way, counteracting his/her voluntary motion while satisfying perceptual constraints. The motion control problem for this platform is not trivial since the system kinematics is subject to a nonholonomic constraint. In the first part of the paper we describe the kinematic control design devised within the CyberWalk project, where the linear and angular platform velocities are used as input commands and feedback is based only on walker's position measurements obtained by an external visual tracking system. In particular, we present a globally stabilizing control scheme that combines a feedback and a feedforward action, based on a disturbance observer of the walker's intentional velocity. We also discuss possible extensions to acceleration-level control and the related assessment of dynamic issues affecting a walker during his/her motion. The second part of the paper is devoted to the actual implementation of the overall system. As a proof of concept of a final full-scale platform, the mechanical design and realization of a small-scale prototype of the CyberCarpet is presented, as well as the visual localization method used to obtain the human walker's position on the platform by an overhead camera. To validate the proposed motion control design, experimental results are reported and discussed for a series of motion tasks performed using a small tracked vehicle representative of a moving user.
Inhibition of Protease-Resistant Prion Protein Accumulation In Vitro by Curcumin (2003)

Inhibition of the accumulation of protease-resistant prion protein (PrP-res) is a prime strategy in the development of potential transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) therapeutics. Here we show that curcumin (diferoylmethane), a major component of the spice turmeric, potently inhibits PrP-res accumulation in scrapie agent-infected neuroblastoma cells (50% inhibitory concentration, approximately 10 nM) and partially inhibits the cell-free conversion of PrP to PrP-res. In vivo studies showed that dietary administration of curcumin had no significant effect on the onset of scrapie in hamsters. Nonetheless, other studies have shown that curcumin is nontoxic and can penetrate the brain, properties that give curcumin advantages over inhibitors previously identified as potential prophylactic and/or therapeutic anti-TSE compounds.
Glenoid Fracture Following Arthroscopic Bankart Repair: A Biomechanical Study (SS‐06) (2011)

Introduction There have been recent reports of anterior inferior glenoid fractures through anchor sites following arthroscopic Bankart repair. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if arthroscopic anchors placed during Bankart repair decrease the forces needed for fracture to occur or alter the size of the fracture itself. Methods One group of 6 polyurethane (Sawbones) glenoids was prepared with three 3.0 mm arthroscopic anchors in each. The anchors were placed 2 mm onto the face of the glenoid. The first anchor was placed at the 5:30 position, and the next two were placed 1cm superior from the previously placed anchor. 6 intact glenoids served as controls. The glenoids were then potted in Bondo. They were secured to an MTS machine in 15 degree anterior tilt, and 30 degree inferior tilt to recreate the force vectors noted during an anterior dislocation. Suture from the anchors were hung over a pulley in line with the force vector with a 10lb weight to recreate traction forces. An axial load was placed at 1mm/sec with a 47mm prosthetic humeral head centered at the 5:00 position and 2mm anterior to the glenoid lip. The yield load failure (initial cortical fracture) and ultimate load failure (catastrophic fracture) were recorded. Percent anterior glenoid fracture and length of fracture were also recorded. Results There were no statistical differences in yield load failure or ultimate load failure between the two groups. There was a significantly larger percent bone loss (p=0.004) and length of fracture (p=0.003) noted in the group with anchors placed, with all fractures through the anchor sites. Conclusion The presence of arthroscopic anchors did not decrease the forces necessary to fracture the anterior inferior glenoid in this biomechanical model. Once a fracture occurred, it was significantly larger in the glenoids that had anchors placed, and fractured through the anchor sites.
Allergologische Diagnostik von Überempfindlichkeitsreaktionen auf Arzneimittel (2008)

Drug hypersensitivity reactions have to be tested to identify the culprit substance. The history includes the general information and specific data concerning used drugs, the classification and circumstances of the reaction. Skin tests are performed in all hypersensitivity reactions with allergic symptoms. Tests should be done between four weeks and six months after clearance of the symptoms by performing skin prick test, intradermal test, patch test or photopatch test. Validated tests for the detection of specific IgE antibodies in the serum are available for only few drugs, especially betalactam antibiotics. Other laboratory tests, e.g., the basophil activation test are done only in special cases. Provocation tests are indicated, if the culprit drug cannot be identified by the above mentioned tests. If possible, the evaluation of provocation tests should rely on objective parameters. The concluding assessment will be discussed with the patient and will be documented in an allergy pass.
Diabetic Retinopathy: A General Survey (1978)

Diabetic retinopathy has become one of the major causes of legal blindness and can cause a degree of visual loss that prevents independent ambulation and even total blindness. It-is now the second leading cause of new blindness in the United States and the leading cause in adults under age sixty-five.1–2 The tragedy of this is even more greatly magnified when one considers that those blinded by diabetes are often quite young, in their twenties or thirties. Fortunately, most patients with diabetic retinopathy do not have visual impairment. The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy is strongly and positively associated with duration of diabetes.3–5 Retinopathy is seen after a shorter duration of diabetes in older patients than in younger patients, but prevalence figures for all ages seem to merge after ten years duration of diabetes.3 Thus, the overall prevalence of clinically detectable retinopathy in patients under age thirty at diagnosis is less than 10% if the duration of the disease is less than ten years, while the prevalence for patients over age 60 at diagnosis is 35–40% with the same duration.4 After fifteen years duration of diabetes, 60–70% of patients will have retinopathy.3–5 The true prevalence of diabetic retinopathy remains unknown, however, and statistical data are complicated by a variety of factors. Most studies focus on juvenile-onset diabetes, or of diabetes of long duration, and do not include the large numbers of elderly patients with mild diabetes without retinopathy. Studies have usually been done in referral centers for either diabetes or eye disease. Thus, the prevalence of the disease is probably more common than appreciated by most physicians, but not as common as thought by most ophthalmologists who are biased by the type of diabetic patients referred for ophthalmic care.
N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed Reaction of Enals and 1,2‐Dicarbonyl Compounds: Stereoselective Synthesis of Spiro γ‐Butyrolactones. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Author Correction: Rice intermediate filament, OsIF, stabilizes photosynthetic machinery and yield under salinity and heat stress (2019)

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
Cassava Starch Processing Wastes: Potential Pollution and Role of Microorganisms. (2002)

As a result of agriculture, urban and industrial activities, wastes and residues are increasing and are causing environmental pollution. Current cassava starch industry processing, which is discharging voluminous amounts of solid waste and wastewater, is reappeared in this review. Potential pollutions of cassava starch processing (CSP) wastes including two major problems: high loading of organic compound and cyanide content in the exceeding limit are also indicated. The important role of microorganism reflected in the improvement of natural deficient properties of cassava products shows capacity of microorganisms in detoxification of cyanide as well as utilization of raw cassava starchas a substrate for growth and conversion. The information is collected as an evidence to confirm the feasibility of microorganism, particularly filamentous fungi, in the development of microbial treatment system for the reclaimation of the CSP wastes.
Trapping a Photoelectron behind a Repulsive Coulomb Barrier in Solution (2019)

Multiply charged anions (MCAs) display unique photophysics and solvent-stabilizing effects. Well-known aqueous species such as SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup> and PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3-</sup> experience spontaneous electron detachment or charge-separation fragmentation in the gas phase owing to the strong Coulomb repulsion arising from the excess of negative charge. Thus, anions often present low photodetachment thresholds and the ability to quickly eject electrons into the solvent via charge-transfer-to-solvent (CTTS) states. Here, we report spectroscopic evidence for the existence of a repulsive Coulomb barrier (RCB) that blocks the ejection of "CTTS-like" electrons of the aqueous B<sub>12</sub>F<sub>12</sub><sup>2-</sup> dianion. Our spectroscopic experimental and theoretical studies indicate that despite the exerted Coulomb repulsion by the nascent radical monoanion B<sub>12</sub>F<sub>12</sub><sup>-•</sup><sub>aq</sub>, the photoexcited electron remains about the B<sub>12</sub>F<sub>12</sub><sup>-•</sup> core. The RCB is an established feature of the potential energy landscape of MCAs in vacuo, which seems to extend to the liquid phase highlighting recent observations about the dielectric behavior of confined water.
The Role of Thalidomide and Placebo for the Treatment of Cancer-Related Anorexia-Cachexia Symptoms: Results of a Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Randomized Study (2012)

Based on the poor accrual rate and attrition observed in this study, it is important that future research on thalidomide as a treatment for cancer-related anorexia-cachexia symptoms (ACS) in patients with advanced cancer use less stringent entry criteria and less exhaustive outcome measures.
An analytical growth model for vertically aligned single-walled carbon nanotubes (2007)

An in situ optical absorbance measurement was used to study the growth dynamics of vertically aligned single-walled carbon nanotubes (VA-SWCNTs) synthesized by chemical vapor deposition of ethanol. The growth rate of the VA-SWCNT film was found to decay exponentially from an initial maximum, resulting in an effective growth time of approximately 15 minutes. Investigation of various growth conditions revealed an optimum pressure at which growth is maximized, and this pressure depends on the growth temperature. Below this optimum pressure the synthesis reaction is first-order, and the rate-limiting step is the arrival of ethanol at the catalyst. We also present a novel method for determining the burning temperature of low-mass materials, which combines the in situ absorbance measurement with controlled oxidation.
Predictive Control for Energy Management in Ship Power Systems under\n High-power Ramp Rate Loads (2017)

Electrical weapons and combat systems integrated into ships create challenges\nfor their power systems. The main challenge is operation under high-power ramp\nrate loads, such as rail-guns and radar systems. When operated, these load\ndevices may exceed the ships generators in terms of power ramp rate, which may\ndrive the system to instability. Thus, electric ships require integration of\nenergy storage devices in coordination with the power generators to maintain\nthe power balance between distributed resources and load devices. In order to\nsupport the generators by using energy storage systems, an energy management\nscheme must be deployed to ensure load demand is met. This paper proposes and\nimplements an energy management scheme based on model predictive control to\noptimize the coordination between the energy storage and the power generators\nunder high-power ramp rate conditions. The simulation and experimental results\nvalidate the proposed technique in a reduced scale, notional electric ship\npower system.\n
[Effect of the administration of rhGM-CSF in a patient with marrow aplasia resistant to immunosuppressive treatment]. (1990)

The treatment of patients with refractory bone marrow aplasia in whom bone marrow transplant cannot be performed is unsatisfactory. Infections and haemorrhages are the most frequent cause of death in such patients. Human recombinant proteins from haemopoietic growth factors provide new therapeutic possibilities. The clinical and biologic course of one such patient treated with rhGM-CSF is reported here. The patient had severe bone marrow aplasia refractory to immunosuppressive treatment, and an improvement of leucocyte, neutrophil and eosinophil counts, along with the healing of an infection only partially controlled with antibiotics, followed the administration of rhGM-CSF. However, such peripheral blood improvement was not accompanied by any increase of bone marrow cellularity, as measured by conventional histopathologic methods, and the patient died due to ictero-ascitic evolution of post-transfusion chronic liver disease.
Enabling a Collaborative Problem-Solving Framework Through User Intent Modeling of the Analytic Process (2009)

Abstract : The research team during the CASE project was working on the problem of modeling an analyst's intent in order to improve tacit collaboration among analysts. The actions of an analyst are captured, and their goals and commitment to achieve them are inferred in order to improve effectiveness in collaborative tasks by building a user model to predict an analyst's intent. The targeted sharing of knowledge among analysts assists to reduce the time needed for junior analysts to solve problems by allowing the sharing and reuse of common/expert knowledge and actions that experts had in similar situations. This research helps ensure successful collaboration by development of analyst intent to provide deep understanding of what analysts are trying to achieve and how they are achieving their goals. Without this level of understanding of the analyst's intentions, collaboration may only be suggested based on similarity of topical interests among analysts which does not reflect the motivation behind these interests. This report is an overview of the state of the art research; the main idea of the researchers? approach; presents a scenario; and describes the valuable lessons learned from this project.
Communications - 8-Isoprogesterone (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCommunications - 8-IsoprogesteroneC. Djerassi, A. Manson, and A. SegaloffCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1956, 21, 4, 490–491Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1956Publication History Published online3 March 2003Published inissue 1 April 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01110a616https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01110a616research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views39Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Evaluation of haptically augmented touchscreen gui elements under cognitive load (2007)

Adding expressive haptic feedback to mobile devices has great potential to improve their usability, particularly in multitasking situations where one's visual attention is required. Piezoelectric actuators are emerging as one suitable technology for rendering expressive haptic feedback on mobile devices. We describe the design of redundant piezoelectric haptic augmentations of touchscreen GUI buttons, progress bars, and scroll bars, and their evaluation under varying cognitive load. Our haptically augmented progress bars and scroll bars led to significantly faster task completion, and favourable subjective reactions. We further discuss resulting insights into designing useful haptic feedback for touchscreens and highlight challenges, including means of enhancing usability, types of interactions where value is maximized, difficulty in disambiguating background from foreground signals, tradeoffs in haptic strength vs. resolution, and subtleties in evaluating these types of interactions.
Digital Multimode Buck Converter Control With Loss-Minimizing Synchronous Rectifier Adaptation (2006)

This paper develops a multimode control strategy which allows for efficient operation of the buck converter over a wide load range. A method for control of synchronous rectifiers as a direct function of the load current is introduced . The function relating the synchronous-rectifier timing to the load current is optimized on-line with a gradient power-loss-minimizing algorithm. Only low-bandwidth measurements of the load current and a power-loss-related quantity are required, making the technique suitable for digital controller implementations. Compared to alternative loss-minimizing approaches, this method has superior adjustment speed and robustness to disturbances, and can simultaneously optimize multiple parameters. The proposed synchronous-rectifier control also accomplishes an automatic, optimal transition to discontinuous-conduction mode at light load. Further, by imposing a minimum duty-ratio, the converter automatically enters pulse-skipping mode at very light load. Thus, the same controller structure can be used in both fixed-frequency pulsewidth modulation and variable-frequency pulse-skipping modes. These techniques are demonstrated on a digitally-controlled 100-W buck converter
Ceftiofur-Resistant <i>Salmonella</i> Strains Isolated from Dairy Farms Represent Multiple Widely Distributed Subtypes That Evolved by Independent Horizontal Gene Transfer (2005)

Salmonella is the leading cause of known food-borne bacterial infections in the United States, with an incidence rate of approximately 15 cases per 100,000 people. The rise of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella subtypes, including the appearance of subtypes resistant to ceftriaxone, represents a particular concern. Ceftriaxone is used to treat invasive cases of Salmonella in children and is closely related to ceftiofur, an antibiotic commonly used to treat diseases of cattle. In order to develop a better understanding of the evolution and transmission of ceftiofur resistance in Salmonella, we characterized ceftiofur-resistant and -sensitive Salmonella isolates from seven New York dairy farms. A total of 39 isolates from these seven farms were analyzed for evolutionary relatedness (by DNA sequencing of the Salmonella genes fimA, manB, and mdh), antibiotic resistance profiles, and the presence of bla(CMY-2), a beta-lactamase gene associated with resistance to cephalosporins. Our data indicate that (i) resistance to ceftriaxone and ceftiofur was highly correlated with the presence of bla(CMY-2); (ii) ceftiofur-resistant Salmonella strains were geographically widespread, as shown by their isolation from farms located throughout New York State; (iii) ceftiofur-resistant Salmonella strains isolated from farms represent multiple distinct subtypes and evolutionary lineages, as determined by serotyping, DNA sequence typing, and antimicrobial-resistance profiles; and (iv) ceftiofur-resistant Salmonella strains evolved by multiple independent acquisitions of an identical bla(CMY-2) allele and by clonal spread of ceftiofur-resistant subtypes.
Fast Enhancement of Validation Test Sets to Improve Stuck-at Fault Coverage for RTL circuits (2007)

A digital circuit usually comprises a controller and datapath. The time spent for determining a valid controller behavior to detect a fault usually dominates test generation time. A validation test set is used to verify controller behavior and, hence, it activates various controller behaviors. In this paper, we present a methodology wherein the controller behaviors exercised by test sequences in a validation test set are reused for detecting faults in the datapath. A heuristic is used to identify controller behaviors that can justify/propagate pre-computed test vectors/responses of datapath register-transfer level (RTL) modules. Such controller behaviors are said to be compatible with the corresponding pre-computed test vectors/responses. The heuristic is fairly accurate, resulting in the detection of a majority of stuck-at faults in the datapath RTL modules. Also, since test generation is performed at the RTL and the controller behavior is predetermined, test generation time is reduced. For microprocessors, if the validation test set consists of instruction sequences then the proposed methodology also generates instruction-level test sequences
Anisotropic linear elastic properties of fractal-like composites (2010)

In this work, the anisotropic linear elastic properties of two-phase composite materials, made up of square inclusions embedded in a matrix, are investigated. The inclusions present a fractal hierarchical distribution and are supposed to have the same Poisson's ratio as the matrix but a different Young's modulus. The effective elastic moduli of the medium are computed at each fractal iteration by coupling a position-space renormalization-group technique with a finite element analysis. The study allows to obtain and generalize some fundamental properties of fractal composite materials.