gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Corrosion Pits in Thin Films of Stainless Steel (1999)

Thin stainless steel films were prepared by sputter deposition onto silicon substrates using a 304 stainless steel target. The film composition was essentially that of 304 stainless steel, but they had a body‐centered cubic structure and were free of sulfide inclusions. Potentiodynamic polarization curves were obtained for thin films in various chloride‐containing solutions and compared to results from conventional stainless steel samples. In addition, video images of two‐dimensional pits in thin films were used to determine the anodic pit current density as functions of potential and chloride concentration. Thin stainless steel films were found to be significantly more resistant to pit initiation than their bulk counterparts, but pit propagation was possible at relatively low potentials. A diffusion‐controlled growth regime was identified at high potentials, with a transition to mixed activation/ohmic control at lower potentials (just above that required for repassivation). © 1999 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
13.75-Gb/s OFDM signal generation for 60-GHz RoF system within 7-GHz license-free band via frequency sextupling (2009)

A 60-GHz RoF system with frequency sextupling is experimentally demonstrated. Based on modified SSB, a 13.75-Gb/s OFDM signal is generated within the 7-GHz license-free band. No penalty is observed after transmission over 25-km single-mode fiber.
Antibiofilm activity of sodium bicarbonate, sodium metaperiodate and SDS combination against dental unit waterline-associated bacteria and yeast (2008)

This study shows that a composition comprising environmentally friendly and biologically safe compounds such as SB, SMP, and SDS has a potential application in reducing DUWL-associated acquired infections in dental clinics.
Qualification and Implementation of a Subsea Wet Gas Compressor Solution (2016)

The challenge of increased recovery in development of subsea fields has driven the advancement of subsea processing technologies, in particular within the subsea boosting domain. The successful operation of large subsea boosting systems on a global scale, coupled with significant added value of pre-compression systems in gas fields, has driven the next technology step; subsea multiphase compression. The application of the multiphase compressor in a subsea environment simplifies a subsea compression system significantly, as there is no need for pre-processing. This enables development of simplified subsea systems at lower capital expenditure and field development costs. This paper will provide an overview of the Technology Qualification Program (TQP) completed for Statoil's Gullfaks Subsea Compression (GSC) project, as well as present the WGC4000 compressor performance characteristics and mechanical design. Experiences from the GSC project, as well as deployment and commissioning of the subsea compression system in second half of 2015, will also be described.
Reduced pulmonary metabolism of endothelin-1 in canine tachycardia-induced heart failure (1998)

CHF causes a reduction of pulmonary ET-1 clearance that likely contributes to the increased circulating ET-1 levels and reflects pulmonary metabolic dysfunction associated with this condition.
Effect of Clay Particle Size on Clay-Escherichia coli-Bacteriophage Interactions (1978)

Microbiology Society journals contain high-quality research papers and topical review articles. We are a not-for-profit publisher and we support and invest in the microbiology community, to the benefit of everyone. This supports our principal goal to develop, expand and strengthen the networks available to our members so that they can generate new knowledge about microbes and ensure that it is shared with other communities.
Pyrazolo[1,5-a]quinazoline scaffold as 5-deaza analogue of pyrazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]benzotriazine system: synthesis of new derivatives, biological activity on GABA<sub>A</sub> receptor subtype and molecular dynamic study (2015)

To investigate the binding affinity of GABAA receptor subtype, new pyrazolo [1,5-a]quinazolines were designed, synthesized, and in vitro evaluated. These compounds, 5-deaza analogues of pyrazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]benzotriazine derivatives which were already studied in our research group, permit us to evaluate the relevance of the nitrogen or the oxygen atom at 5-position of the tricyclic scaffold. Molecular dynamic study was done on a set of the new and known ligands to rationalize and to explain the lack of affinity on the 4- or 5-substituted new derivative. In fact, from biological results, it can be found that the only 5-unsubstituted new derivative, compound 15, has receptor recognition (Ki = 834.7 nM).
Challenges for Least-Squares Kirchhoff depth migration (2017)

Least squares migration has been an important research topic in the academia for about two decades, but only recently it has attracted interest from the industry. The main reason is that from a practical point of view its ratio of benefit/cost has not been sufficient for its use in seismic exploration. Another problem is that these benefits are mixed with effects from the filtering techniques used to regularize the inversion, which are computationally much cheaper. In this paper, I discuss some challenges with least squares Kirchhoff depth migration. This algorithm, although less precise than the more popular least squares reverse time migration, has the advantage of being fast enough to be applied in a production environment, and flexible enough to be applied without data regularization. This last characteristic makes it a good candidate to understand benefits in terms of footprint acquisition and aliasing. In addition, its limitations in terms of modelling/imaging accuracy make more evident some problems that exist but are often ignored when using reverse time migration with synthetic data. Presentation Date: Wednesday, September 27, 2017 Start Time: 3:55 PM Location: 361A Presentation Type: ORAL
Development of a Hydrogen Contaminant Detector (2018)

Deployment of polymer electrolyte fuel cell vehicles commercially requires the development of a robust hydrogen fueling infrastructure. This is coupled with the need for high purity hydrogen fuel necessary to maintain fuel cell engine performance and durability over the life of the vehicle. In this paper, we discuss the development of an electrochemical hydrogen contaminant detector (HCD) to sense the presence of impurities in hydrogen fuel. Specifically, the role that mass transport plays on the HCD response is discussed. Electrolyte development is highlighted, in with focus on the effects of thickness on detecting the presence of contaminants. Further work on humidity independent electrolytes is provided, along with a brief discussion on the response measured during high pressure testing.
Teratogenic Effects of Methylazoxymethanol (1967)

SummaryMethylazoxymethanol (MAM), the aglycone of cycasin, a naturally occurring glucoside of cycad plants, causes retardation of growth and a variety of malformations in embryos of the golden hamster. This same substance was previously shown to be carcinogenic, hepatotoxic and to cause mutations, methylation of nucleic acids and chromosome breakage.
Associations in time between salivary cortisol and emotions in depressed patients and controls (2023)

Introduction Depression can be understood as a complex dynamic system, where depressive symptoms can directly affect each other. Knowledge on this symptom-symptom interaction is still scarce and is likely to differ between individuals. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is often implicated in depression, with hypercortisolism and impaired glucocorticoid receptor-mediated feedback inhibition being commonly reported. High salivary cortisol levels may reflect a reaction to symptoms, or may rather be a cause, effectively ‘binding’ symptoms. Objectives We aimed to analyze the temporal interplay between salivary cortisol and emotions in depressed patients and controls by using the novel Dynamic Time Warp analysis (DTW) approach. Methods The ‘Mood and movement in daily life’ (MOOVD) study consisted of 30 pair-matched (15 depressed and 15 control) participants. Salivary cortisol was collected three times a day for 30 days, resulting in 90 measurements per individual. At the same moments, participants completed questionnaires on an electronic diary, which included different momentary positive (PA) and negative (NA) affect items. The dynamic interplay between salivary cortisol and affect were analyzed by DTW, which extends momentarily associations to include one earlier and one later time point, in both undirected and directed analyses. Results Individual networks differed substantially within groups. At the group level, undirected and directed network analyses showed differences between depressed patients and controls. In undirected analysis, connectivity of PA items was comparable between depressed patients and controls, but the NA items showed a less dense network in depressed patients. Directed DTW analyses indicated (p = 0.07) that increases in salivary cortisol preceded that of some NA items (e.g., tiredness) in controls, but tended to follow upon NA item increase (e.g., not feeling appreciated) in depressed patients. Conclusions At the group level, connectiveness between NA items was substantially weaker in depressed patients compared to controls. As in complex systems strong internal connectivity facilitates “critical transitions” to different states, this may reflect (or explain) the persistence of a chronically depressed state. We preliminary conclude that high salivary cortisol in depression may be a consequence of NA, rather than a cause. Replication of these first exploratory findings are needed. Disclosure of Interest None Declared
Towards Improved Organisational Decision-Making – A Method and Tool-chain (2016)

Modern enterprises are large complex systems operating in an increasingly dynamic environment and are tasked to meet organisational goals by adopting suitable course of actions or means. This calls for deep understanding of the enterprise, the operating environment, and the change drivers reactive as well as proactive. Traditionally, enterprises have been relying on human experts to perform these activities. However, the sole reliance on humans for decision making is increasingly unviable given the large size of modern enterprises, fast dynamics, and the prohibitively high cost of incorrect decisions. To address this challenge, we propose a method that leverages existing enterprise modelling (EM) tools to improve the agility of organisational decision-making as well as reducing the analysis burden on human experts. The proposed method artifact employs a design science research methodology and the method is validated using a realistic industrial case to bring out its strengths as well as limitations.
Design and Optimization of Polyphosphazene Functionalized Fiber Matrices for Soft Tissue Regeneration (2012)

Electrospun polycaprolactone nanofiber matrices surface functionalized with poly[(ethyl alanato), (p-methyl phenoxy),] phosphazene were fabricated for the purpose of soft skeletal tissue regeneration. This preliminary study reports the effect of fiber diameter and polyphosphazene surface functionalization on significant scaffold properties such as morphology, surface hydrophilicity, porosity, tensile properties, human mesenchymal stem cell adhesion and proliferation. Six fiber matrices comprised of average fiber diameters in the range of 400-500, 900-1000, 1400-1500, 1900-2000, 2900-3000 and 3900-4000 nm were considered for primary evaluation. After achieving the greatest proliferation while maintaining moderate tensile modulus, matrices in the diameter range of 2900-3000 nm were selected to examine the effect of coating with 1%, 2% and 3% (weight/volume) polyphosphazene solutions. Polyphosphazene functionalization resulted in rougher surfaces that correlated with coating solution concentration. Analytical techniques such as energy dispersive X-ray analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, water contact angle goniometry and confocal microscopy confirmed the presence of polyphosphazene and its distribution on the functionalized fiber matrices. Functionalization achieved through 2% polymer solutions did not affect average pore diameter, tensile modulus, suture retention strength or cell proliferation compared to PCL controls. Surface polyphosphazene functionalization significantly improved the matrix hydrophilicity evidenced through decreased water contact angle of PCL matrices from 130 degrees to 97 degrees. Further, enhanced total protein synthesis by cells during in vitro culture was seen on 2% PPHOS functionalized matrices over controls. Improving PCL matrix hydrophilicity via proposed surface functionalization may be an efficient method to improve cell-PCL matrix interactions.
Identification of the responsible proteins for increased selenium bioavailability in the brain of transgenic rats overexpressing selenoprotein M (2014)

The present study was conducted to investigate whether the high antioxidant activity induced by selenium (Sel) treatment and selenoprotein M (SelM) overexpression affected the protein profile of the brain cortex. To accomplish this, the changes in global protein expression were measured in transgenic (Tg) rats expressing human SelM (CMV/hSelM) and non‑Tg rats using two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE). The results revealed that: ⅰ) CMV/hSelM Tg rats showed a high level of enzyme activity for antioxidant protein in the brain cortex compared to non-Tg rats; ⅱ) the high activity of these enzymes induced a decrease in total antioxidant concentration and γ-secretase activity in CMV/hSelM Tg rats; ⅲ) five proteins were upregulated and three were downregulated by SelM overexpression; ⅳ) among the five upregulated proteins, two associated with creatine kinase B-type (B-CK) and E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RING1 (RING finger protein 1) were further increased in the two groups following Sel treatment, whereas synaptotagmin-15 (SytXV), eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4H (eIF-4H) and lactate dehydrogenase B (LDH-B) were increased or decreased under the same conditions; ⅴ) the three downregulated proteins did not induce a significant change in expression following Sel treatment; and ⅵ) the protein expression level alterations of the two selected spots (B-CK and SytXV) identified by 2-DE were extremely similar to the results from western blot analysis. Overall, the results of the present study provide primary novel biological evidence that new functional protein groups and individual proteins in the brain cortex of CMV/hSelM Tg rats are associated with Sel biology, including the response to Sel treatment and SelM overexpression.
Effective two-dimensional pattern generation for self-aligned double patterning (2015)

In nano-scale systems, design for manufacturability is essentially required. For sub 20 nm technology node, Self-Aligned Double Patterning (SADP) is an important manufacturing technique, and complex two-dimensional patterns are requested to be fabricated by SADP. However all two-dimensional patterns cannot be fabricated by SADP. In this paper, two-dimensional patterns that satisfy connection requirements as well as manufacturability by SADP are effectively derived by our proposed approach in which partially pre-colored two-color base grid is used.
Omega-oxidation is the major pathway for the catabolism of leukotriene B4 in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. (1984)

Leukotriene B4 (LTB4), formed by the 5-lipoxygenase pathway in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), may be an important mediator of inflammation. Recent studies suggest that human leukocytes can convert LTB4 to products that are less biologically active. To examine the catabolism of LTB4, we developed (using high performance liquid chromatography) a sensitive, reproducible assay for this mediator and its omega-oxidation products (20-OH- and 20-COOH-LTB4). With this assay, we have found that human PMN (but not human monocytes, lymphocytes, or platelets) convert exogenous LTB4 almost exclusively to 20-OH- and 20-COOH-LTB4 (identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry). Catabolism of exogenous LTB4 by omega-oxidation is rapid (t1/2 approximately 4 min at 37 degrees C in reaction mixtures containing 1.0 microM LTB4 and 20 X 10(6) PMN/ml), temperature-dependent (negligible at 0 degrees C), and varies with cell number as well as with initial substrate concentration. The pathway for omega-oxidation in PMN is specific for LTB4 and 5(S),12(S)-dihydroxy-6,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (only small amounts of other dihydroxylated-derivatives of arachidonic acid are converted to omega-oxidation products). Even PMN that are stimulated by phorbol myristate acetate to produce large amounts of superoxide anion radicals catabolize exogenous leukotriene B4 primarily by omega-oxidation. Finally, LTB4 that is generated when PMN are stimulated with the calcium ionophore, A23187, is rapidly catabolized by omega-oxidation. Thus, human PMN not only generate and respond to LTB4, but also rapidly and specifically catabolize this mediator by omega-oxidation.
Evaluation of object identification methods for cell tracking in phase contrast microscopy (2009)

Cell tracking has been shown to be an important technique in order to obtain cell motility parameters to consider in various biological and pharmaceutical applications. In order to get statistically reliable data, a lot of tracking procedures have to be repeatedly performed, which is a tedious task if performed manually. Thus there is a strong interest in the automation of the tracking. Automatic cell tracking requires the re-identification of a certain cell image in subsequent video images. This task is very difficult due to the changes the cell undergoes why moving, i.e. stretching, rotation, but in phase contrast microscopy also intensity changes. Here we evaluate histogram-based cell image identification techniques, specifically histogram distance measures, regarding their applicability in phase contrast microscopy with focus on the possibility to successfully deal with the previously mentioned difficulties and propose a procedure that takes these into consideration and can thus be applied for image based cell re-identification.
Tunable Microcavities in 3D Photonic Crystals for Single-Photon Emission (2006)

Microcavities in high-index-contrast 3D photonic crystals could achieve ultra-high quality factors and be robust against fabrication distortions. A scheme for single-photon emission will be presented and new fabrication approaches will be discussed.
Removal of Adrenal Steroids from the Medium Reverses the Stimulating Effect of Catecholamines on Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Neurons in Organotypic Cultures (1995)

An organotypic culture system of anterior hypothalamic slices was developed for studying the secretory responses of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) neurons to corticosteroid-catecholamine interactions. The standard culture medium included 5% horse serum containing 50 micrograms/l cortisol. In 1- to 3-day cultures, the tissue viability was demonstrated by the presence of arginine vasopressin immunolabeled perikarya and axons in the paraventricular nucleus and by sustained tissue concentrations of CRH (around 50 pg/mg protein). However, immunoreactive CRH neurons were not detectable in cultures in the standard medium. Exposure of cultures to high K+ (56 mM) in the medium induced a ten-fold increase in basal CRH release which was completely abolished in a Ca(2+)-free medium containing 2 mM EGTA. Noradrenaline (NA) triggered CRH release in a dose-dependent (1-20 microM) and time-dependent (0.5-6 h) manner. Removal of corticosteroids from the media by charcoal treatment led to (1) the visualization of immunolabelled CRH perikarya and fibers and a 55% rise in CRH content of the paraventricular nucleus tissue and (2) to a five-fold increase in CRH release. Both effects were reversed by supplementation of the culture medium with corticosterone (50 micrograms/l). Under steroid-free conditions, NA (1-10 microM) not only failed to induce CRH release, but strongly inhibited the consistent baseline in CRH release. This was reminiscent of a similar corticosteroid-dependent inversion of the NA effect on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis described in vivo. Overall, these results are direct evidence of complex corticosteroid-catecholamine interrelationships as major regulatory factors of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.
Development of a New Ultrasonic Urine Sensor for Bladder Measurement (2007)

A new ultrasonic urine sensor is developed for measuring the urine accumulation in the human bladder. Intensive observations are made on the bladder expansion process under the gradual accumulation of urine by using a magnetic resonance imager. It is observed that the primary changes in shape take place at the top and very small changes occur at the bottom. These findings help to establish a simple and yet reasonable mechanism for the bladder measurement because the variations in the height of the bladder can be easily ascertained with a proposed PD index in terms of the application of ultrasound beams. The principle of measurement is evaluated in a clinical test and a strong monotonic tendency is identified between the urine accumulation and the proposed PD index. Design of the new ultrasonic urine sensor is then conducted and further experimental tests are carried out with the apparatus developed. It is found that the new ultrasonic urine sensor can really display a very good indication of the urine accumulation in the bladder. The new ultrasonic urine sensor is already commercialized and has received high appraisal from a great number of users. It is characterized by non-invasive measurement, small volume, low weight and affordable price, thereby permitting easy access by various patients including older adults.
Predicting time to metastatic progression from biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy (2004)

4642 Background: Many patients with a rising PSA (biochemical recurrence; BCR), after radical prostatectomy (RP) will eventually develop metastases, but our ability to predict the risk of progression over time is limited. We developed a model (nomogram) that incorporates all known prognostic factors to predict the probability of Mets 8 years after BCR. Methods: We queried our multidisciplinary prostate cancer database for patients who developed BCR after RP for clinically localized disease. We defined BCR as 3 subsequent peaks in PSA ≥0.1 ng/ml. After excluding 14 adjuvant radiation patients, we found 816 followed for 0.1 to 15.9 (median 4.3) years after BCR. We recorded times of secondary treatment (radiation or hormonal therapy), metastases and death. A Cox proportional hazards analysis incorporated preoperative PSA, use of neoadjuvant hormonal therapy (NHT), time from surgery to BCR, pathologic findings [surgical margin, presence of extracapsular extention, seminal vesicle invasion (SVI), lymph node metastases, and pathologic Gleason score (GS)], PSA doubling time (PSA DT) and PSA value at BCR into a predictive model. Results: Secondary treatment for BCR only was a frequent event: 216 patients (26.5%) had radiation therapy and 340 (41.7%) hormones; 157 developed metastases, 67 died of other causes and 244 (29.9%) were alive with out metastases or secondary treatment at last follow-up. In the multivariate model the following predicted metastatic progression: high preoperative PSA (P=0.01), use of NHT (P=0.02), presence of SVI (P=0.005), high pathologic GS (P<0.001), short PSA DT (P=0.01) and high PSA value at BCR (P<0.001). A nomogram for predicting risk of metastases at 8 years was constructed with a concordance index of 0.75. Conclusions: Multiple disease factors affect the risk of metastases after BCR. This new nomogram helps predict, at the time of BCR after RP, the 8-year probability of metastases for the individual patient and provides a useful tool to identify patients appropriate for intervention trials or surveillance. No significant financial relationships to disclose.