gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of Nano Precipitates in Austenite on Ferrite Transformation Start Temperature during Continuous Cooling in Nb–Ti Micro-alloyed Steels (2007)

In the present paper, transformation behavior during continuous cooling in non-deformed and hot deformed Nb–Ti micro-alloyed steels was investigated by using the thermal dilation method. Ti content in Nb–Ti bearing steels varied from 0 to 0.031 mass% with Nb content being kept to be constant. Thermal dilation curves were measured at different cooling rates, from which continuous cooling transformation (CCT) curves were built up. For non-deformed Nb–Ti steels, it was observed that ferrite transformation start temperatures (Ar3) decreased with increasing Ti content up to 0.015 mass%, leveled off in the range of 0.015 to 0.027 mass% Ti, and drastically decreased thereafter. For hot deformed Nb–Ti steels, Ar3 temperature did not exhibit significant difference with Ti addition lower than 0.027 mass%, and decreased drastically by further increasing Ti content. Austenite grain size (Dγ), Nb–Ti precipitates and residual strain were taken into account to explain the variation of Ar3 temperatures. Based on the experimental results, mathematical models for the calculation of Ar3 for non-deformed and hot deformed Nb–Ti micro-alloyed steels were developed.
1882-P: Liver-Specific Deletion of the Mitochondrial Quality Control E3 Ligase Parkin Is Associated with Increased Hepatic Steatosis and Markers of NAFLD in Diet-Induced Obese Mice (2019)

PARKIN, an ubiquitin E3 ligase, regulates mitochondrial homeostasis through a process called mitophagy, where damaged mitochondria are selectively targeted and removed via autophagy. Diminished hepatic mitophagy may play a role in mitochondrial dysfunction that occurs alongside insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis in association with obesity. Reduced hepatic mitophagy was observed in obese mice with fatty liver, raising the question as to whether loss of mitophagy contributes to the pathogenesis of fatty liver or is merely associated with the disease. To understand how loss of hepatic mitophagy affects obesity-associated liver disease, we developed a liver-specific PARKIN knockout mouse (LKO). There was no difference in body weight in LKO compared with WT mice fed regular chow (RC) or high-fat diet (HFD; 60% kcal, 12 weeks). There was also no difference in liver steatosis between RC groups, however, liver steatosis was 45% greater in HFD-LKO compared with WT mice (p&lt;0.05). Liver histology demonstrated presence of microvesicular steatosis in zones 2-3 in both HFD groups, but only LKO mice presented with micro and macrosteatosis in zones 1-3. HFD-LKO samples showed presence of an inflammatory cell infiltrate that was less apparent in WT samples. Unbiased transcriptomic analysis by RNA-Seq demonstrated 113 significant differentially expressed genes (82 up, 31 down) in HFD-LKO mice. Unsupervised gene ontology and pathway analysis revealed significant changes in extracellular matrix accumulation, lipid metabolism, metabolic and ROS processes in HFD-LKO mice. In summary, the increased steatosis and presence of macrovesicular steatosis and inflammation in HFD-LKO mice, alongside changes in gene expression suggesting collagen deposition and extracellular matrix remodeling, suggest that loss of PARKIN-mediated mitophagy increases susceptibility to HFD and may predispose mice to NAFLD. Disclosure L.R. Edmunds: None. A. Mills: None. M.J. Jurczak: None. Funding American Diabetes Association (1-19-PDF-102 to L.R.E.)
Interaction of Pulmonary Surfactant Protein C with CD14 and Lipopolysaccharide (2002)

In addition to their effects on alveolar surface tension, some components of lung surfactant also have immunological functions. We found recently that the hydrophobic lung surfactant protein SP-C specifically binds to the lipid A region of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In this study, we show that SP-C also interacts with CD14. Four observations showed cross talk between the three molecules SP-C, LPS, and CD14. (i) Like LBP, SP-C allows the binding of a fluorescent LPS to cells expressing CD14 (the other surfactant components were ineffective). (ii) Recombinant radiolabeled CD14 and SP-C (or a synthetic analog of SP-C) interact in a dose-dependent manner. (iii) LPS blocks the binding of radiolabeled CD14 to SP-C-coated wells. (iv) SP-C enhances the binding of radiolabeled CD14 to LPS-coated wells. These results, obtained with native murine SP-C and with three synthetic analogs, suggest that LPS and CD14 interact with the same region of SP-C and that binding of SP-C modifies the conformation of CD14 or the accessibility of its LPS-binding site, allowing it to bind LPS. This ability of SP-C to interact with the pattern recognition molecule CD14 extends the possible immunological targets of SP-C to a large panel of microorganisms that can enter the airways.
Spirituality and aging: How worship communities of older adults sustain their faith in the absence of traditional ordained leadership (2017)

This article considers how older Christians (aged over 70) exercise worship in an environment of shared ministry. Specifically, the Local Shared Ministry Units (LSMU) model of worship within the Auckland Diocese of the Anglican Church in Aotearoa/New Zealand and Polynesia (Auckland Diocese). A collective case study approach was used, and individual members of four LSMUs were interviewed with the resulting comments treated as a collective case study. The findings indicate these older adults are still seeking faith formation, do not regard themselves as fully formed spiritually, and use personal prayer in particular to enhance and nourish their faith growth.
Superfluorescence in photonic crystals with pencil-like excitation (2003)

Fractional decay of population inversion and spectral shift of superfluorescence in photonic crystals due to anomalous Rabi splitting and localization of macroscopic polarization field are demonstrated by means of the coupled-mode analysis for the pencil-like excitation of embedded atoms. Noninteger exponents of atomic density dependence are predicted for the temporal profile of emitted light pulses.
Architektur einer modernen Telematik-Zentrale (2000)

In diesem Aufsatz werden die Anforderungen an die Architektur einer dynamischen geographischen Telematik-Zentrale am Beispiel einer intelligenten Verkehrsinformationszentrale aufbereitet. Auf dieser Grundlage wird ein Systemkonzept vorgestellt, welches als Rechnerzentrale verschiedener Verkehrsinformationssysteme bereits erprobt ist.1
Effect of Pathogenic Cysteine Mutations on FGFR3 Transmembrane Domain Dimerization in Detergents and Lipid Bilayers (2007)

Mutations in fibroblast growth factor receptors are known as the genetic basis of skeletal growth disorders. The mechanism of pathogenesis, as determined by mutation-induced changes in receptor structure, interactions, and function, is elusive. Here we study three pathogenic Cys mutations, associated with either thanatophoric dysplasia or achondroplasia, in the TM domain of fibroblast growth factor receptors 3 (FGFR3). We characterize the dimerization propensities of the mutant TM domains in detergents and in lipid bilayers, in the presence and absence of reducing agents, and compare them to previous measurements of wild-type. We find that the Cys mutations increase the propensity for dimerization in detergent, with the Cys370 mutant exhibiting the highest propensity for disulfide bond formation, the Cys371 mutant having an intermediate propensity, and Cys375 the lowest. Thus, disulfide bonds readily form in detergents, with efficiency that correlates with the severity of the phenotype. In lipid bilayers, however, the Cys370 mutant, which dimerizes strongly in detergent, behaves as the wild-type, suggesting that Cys370-mediated disulfide bonds do not form between the isolated TM domains in bilayers. Thus, the nature of the hydrophobic environment plays an important role in defining the structure and flexibility of transmembrane dimers. These results and previous findings from cellular studies lead us to propose a conformational flexibility mechanism of receptor stabilization as a basis for disregulated FGFR3 signaling in thanatophoric dysplasia and achondroplasia.
Highlighting of the viscoelastic behaviour of interfaces in asphalt pavements – a possible origin to top-down cracking (2018)

Top-down cracking (TDC) is known to initiate and remain near the surface of bituminous pavements. The aim of this paper is twofold: (i) show experimental evidence of the viscoelastic behaviour of interface in asphalt pavements under some temperature conditions and (ii) show that taking into account such a behaviour could provide an explanation to the mechanism involved in the initiation of TDC. This paper documents the methodology used to investigate the behaviour of the upper interface from experimental tests. The mechanical response of the experimental pavement is evaluated using three models: (1) the elastic model, (2) the Huet–Sayegh viscoelastic model to account for the behaviour of asphalt layers and (3) same as 2, but with additional very thin viscoelastic layers to represent interfaces between the asphalt layers. The software ViscoRoute 2.0© is used to evaluate the stresses and the strains at different depths of the pavement. The comparison between the experimental results and the models clearly shows that model 3 is that yields the best fit. This model shows that significant tensile stresses and strains occur near the surface and at the interface between two asphalt layers. The transposition of the viscoelastic behaviour of interfaces to real traffic conditions could explain TDC as one of the damaging modes of asphalt pavements.
ChemInform Abstract: ORIENTATION EFFECTS ON CHARGE TRANSFER INTERACTIONS. 16. EXPERIMENTS ON THE PREPARATION OF ZWITTERIONIC DONOR‐ACCEPTOR CYCLOPHANES‐ THE DIASTEREOMERIC 12,15‐BIS(DIMETHYLAMINO)‐(2)(2,5)‐P‐BENZOQUINO(2)PARACYCLOPHANES (1978)

Abstract Die Donor‐ Acceptor‐Cyclophane (IV) und (V) werden synthetisiert und hinsichtlich ihrer Elektronenstruktur untersucht.
The effect of different oestrogens and oestradiol plus progesterone on the growth and carcass characteristics of fattening male hoggets (1961)

A comparison has been made in five flocks with a total of 473 sheep of the effect of 15 mg. diethylstilboestrol (DES.) as a paste, 15 mg. hexoestrol as an implant, and 5·0 mg. oestradiol benzoate plus 50 mg. progesterone (O.+P.) as two implants, on the growth rate and slaughter characteristics and carcass grading of fattening male hoggets. In those flocks where the plane of nutrition was adequate, all hormone treatments resulted in a significant increase in live-weight gain. During the first 24–40 days, DES. paste resulted in significantly greater daily live-weight gain compared to hexoestrol or O.+P. in two out of five flocks, but over the whole period there were no significant differences between these treatments. In one flock which was on a lower plane of nutrition there were no significant effects of hormone treatment. The hormone treatments resulted in extra carcass weight, extra pelt weight but no change in killing-out percentage or in carcass grade. There were no significant differences between treatments in the slaughter characteristics studied.
Engineering Aspects of ECMO Technology (1978)

The primary areas of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) technology with engineering components are: biomaterials, oxygenator design, ECMO physiology and total system design. The evolution of ECMO has been largely empirical, with many innovations introduced directly from clinical experience and observation. Major advances are needed in both materials ans oxygenator design if current hematologic hazards are to be reduced. Optimization of ECMO systems has not been attempted in any systematic way because the basic physiology is not well enough understood to define the rationales for optimum control and management strategies. Once these strategies have been developed and tested, currently available automation technology can be applied to make the ECMO system system simpler and safer for clinical use.
Noncovalent, Site-Specific Biotinylation of Histidine-Tagged Proteins (2007)

Site-specific conjugation of proteins to surfaces, spectroscopic probes, or other functional units is a key task for implementing biochemical assays. The streptavidin-biotin interaction has proven a highly versatile tool for detection, quantification, and functional analysis of proteins. We have developed an approach for site-specific reversible biotinylation of recombinant proteins through their histidine tag using biotin conjugated to the multivalent chelator trisnitrilotriacetic acid (BTtris-NTA). Stable binding of BTtris-NTA to His-tagged proteins was demonstrated, which is readily reversed by addition of imidazole, enabling versatile conjugation schemes in solution as well as at interfaces. Gel filtration experiments revealed that His-tagged proteins bind to streptavidin doped with BTtris-NTA in a 2:1 stoichiometry. Furthermore, an increased binding affinity toward His-tagged proteins was observed for BTtris-NTA linked to streptavidin compared to tris-NTA in solution and on surfaces. These results indicate an efficient cooperative interaction of two adjacent tris-NTA moieties with a single His-tag, yielding an extremely tight complex with a lifetime of several days. We demonstrate several applications of BTtris-NTA including multiplexed capturing of proteins to biosensor surfaces, cell surface labeling, and Western blot detection. The remarkable selectivity of the His-tag-specific biotinylation, as well as the highly stable, yet reversible complex provides the basis for numerous further applications for functional protein analysis.
Towards the automated detection of unknown malware on live systems (2014)

In this paper, we propose a new system monitoring framework that can serve as an enabler for automated malware detection on live systems. Our approach takes advantage of the increased availability of hardware assisted virtualization capabilities of modern CPUs, and its basic novelty consists in launching a hypervisor layer on the live system without stopping and restarting it. This hypervisor runs at a higher privilege level than the OS itself, thus, it can be used to observe the behavior of the analyzed system in a transparent manner. For this purpose, we also propose a novel system call tracing method that is designed to be configurable in terms of transparency and granularity.
Surgical stress during operation for gastrointestinal cancer increases plasma thioredoxin levels and decreases mitochondrial membrane potential in peripheral blood lymphocytes (2002)

Surgical stress is difficult to evaluate quantitatively. It has been reported that mitochondrial membrane potential (delta psi(m)) in the peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) is decreased by surgical stress. Thioredoxin (TRX), a small protein with redox-active dithiol/disulfide in the active site, is induced by a variety of oxidative stresses and secreted from the cells. Accumulating evidence shows that plasma levels of TRX are elevated in oxidative stress-associated disorders. In the present study, we examined plasma levels of TRX in cases undergoing operations for gastrointestinal cancer. Plasma levels of TRX were significantly elevated on the first postoperative day compared with the pre-operative levels. The changes in the plasma TRX levels tended to show an inverse relationship with the changes in delta psi(m) in PBLs, which shows a significant decrease caused by surgical stress. Plasma TRX levels as well as delta psi(m) in PBLs are valuable markers to evaluate surgical stress.
Ultra‐High‐Temperature Ceramic Coatings for Oxidation Protection of Carbon–Carbon Composites (2008)

Carbon–carbon (C–C) composites are attractive materials for hypersonic flight vehicles but they oxidize in air at temperatures >500°C and need thermal protection systems to survive aerothermal heating. We investigated using multilayers of high‐temperature ceramics such as ZrB 2 and SiC to protect C–C against oxidation. Our approach combines pretreatment and processing steps to create continuous and adherent high‐temperature ceramic coatings from infiltrated preceramic polymers. We tested our protective coatings at temperatures above 2600°C at the National Solar Thermal Testing Facility using controlled cold‐wall heat flux profiles reaching a maximum of 680 W/cm 2 .
Turbulent Flow Analysis of Erosive Burning of Cylindrical Composite Solid Propellants (1982)

An axisymmetric turbulent boundary layer was analyzed in order to investigate erosive burning in composite solid-propellant rocket motors. It was found that there is a strong interaction between the core flow acceleration and turbulence level in the boundary layer. The increase of turbulence near the surface of the propellant plays an important role in the erosive burning mechanism. Reducing the port diameter makes a rocket motor more sensitive to erosive burning. When the port diameter is uniform, the erosive burning rate increases toward the aft end of the rocket motor. This trend is less pronounced or even reversed when the port diameter is divergent.
Autonomous FMCW radar survey of Antarctic shear zone (2010)

Radar survey of the Antarctic shear zone was conducted using an ultra-wideband (2-10 GHz) frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar. The radar was mounted on a sled and pulled by a robot that was specifically designed to operate in a harsh polar environment. Our FMCW radar had good penetration through Antarctic snow and we observed snow stratigraphy to a depth of 20 m. The radar images also revealed multiple crevasses in the shear zone. Our results demonstrate that autonomous survey using high frequency radar is feasible and safe approach for detecting hidden crevasses.
Vector controlled five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor drive (2014)

This paper establishes the vector control of a five phase permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). First, the mathematical model of a five-phase PMSM is described in a decoupled space with two orthogonal components. Next, space vector modulation (SVM) algorithm is presented to obtain high performance vector control drive. The vector control principle of a five-phase PMSM is developed to prove the effectiveness of this control strategy. This paper deals with the simulation results of SVM and the vector control of a five-phase PMSM.
Cd8 T‐cell recognition of human 5T4 oncofetal antigen (2006)

The 5T4 oncofetal antigen is expressed by a wide variety of human carcinomas, including colorectal, ovarian and gastric carcinomas. The restricted expression of 5T4 on tumor tissues as well as its implication in tumor progression and bad prognosis makes 5T4 a promising new candidate for immunotherapy. An MVA vaccine encoding 5T4 antigen has been successfully evaluated in preclinical studies in a murine tumor model. Here, we report the generation of human CD8 T cells specific for the 5T4 antigen by stimulation with autologous monocyte derived DC infected with a replication defective adenovirus encoding the 5T4 cDNA (Ad5T4). Analysis of several donors confirms a repertoire of such CD8 responses. In a parallel approach, incorporating the results of proteasome-mediated digestion of 5T4 derived 35-mer peptides and the potential high affinity epitopes predicted by a computer-based algorithm, we identified 8 putative HLA-A*0201-presented CD8 MHC class I epitopes of 5T4 antigen. Two of these generated specific CD8 T cells after restimulation with peptide loaded autologous DC and assay by cytotoxicity and IFN gamma ELISPOT. Moreover these particular peptide generated T cells recognized naturally 5T4 positive tumor cells only if they expressed HLA-A*0201 as judged by IFN gamma ELISPOT or ELISA. Also, HLA-A*0201 CD8 T cells recognized these peptides in a DC-Ad5T4 polyclonal response. In conclusion, there is a repertoire of CD8 T cell recognition of 5T4 in normal human donors and some candidate HLA-A*0201 epitopes have been identified.
Recent advances in very highly nonlinear chalcogenide photonic crystal fibers and their applications (2012)

Perfos and the laboratory Glasses and Ceramics Group of University of Rennes 1 have worked together to develop a new fabrication technique for chalcogenide preforms based on the glass-casting process. Various fiber profiles have been designed by the Fresnel Institute and fiber losses have been significantly improved, approaching those of the material losses. Using this technology, we have manufactured an AsSe CPCF exhibiting a nonlinear coefficient γ of 46 000 W<sup>-1</sup>km<sup>-1</sup>. Self-phase modulation, Raman effect, Brillouin effect, Four-Wave Mixing have been observed leading to the demonstration of various optical functions such four-wave mixing based wavelength conversion at 1.55 μm by FOTON, the demonstration of Raman Shifts and the generation of a mid-IR supercontinuum source by ONERA and the demonstration of a Brillouin fiber laser by FOTON.
Rapid generation of sequence variation during primary HIV-1 infection (1992)

The type of variants that occur are dynamic, changing over time, and the mutations seen are consistent with those expected from random occurrence, unlike the pattern of variation previously reported during later stages of disease.
PTP1B deficiency enhances liver growth during suckling by increasing the expression of insulin‐like growth factor‐I (2010)

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is a negative regulator of insulin and tyrosine kinase growth factor signaling. We have recently demonstrated that PTP1B deficiency increases GLUT2/insulin receptor (IR) A complexes and glucose uptake in suckling, but not adult, primary hepatocytes. Herein we have investigated intrahepatic glucose utilization in 3-5 days old wild-type and PTP1B(-/-) mice. PTP1B deficiency decreased glycogen, lactate, and pyruvate content in the livers from suckling mice. Conversely, the activity of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), the rate limiting enzyme of the pentose phosphate cycle (PPC) which provides substrates for DNA synthesis, was enhanced in the liver of PTP1B(-/-) animals. Liver weight, liver-to-body mass ratio, DNA content, and PCNA expression were increased in PTP1B(-/-) suckling mice compared to the wild-type controls. At the molecular level, STAT 5B phosphorylation, IGF-I mRNA, and protein levels as well as IGF-IR tyrosine phosphorylation were increased in the livers of PTP1B-deficient neonates. Unexpectedly, hepatic and serum triglycerides (TG) were increased by PTP1B deficiency, although the expression of lipogenic enzymes remained as in the wild-type controls. However, the analysis of milk composition revealed higher TG content in lactating females lacking PTP1B. The effects of PTP1B deficiency on G6PD activity, STAT 5B/IGF-I/IGF-IR axis, PCNA expression and liver growth during suckling were maintained by transferring PTP1B(-/-) embryos (PTP1B(-/-T)) to a wild-type female. Conversely, PTP1B(-/-T) mice did not show hepatic fat accumulation. In conclusion, the present study suggests that PTP1B plays a unique role in the control of the physiological liver development after birth.
The Combined Effects of Limited Nutrition and High-Frequency Loading on Intervertebral Discs With Endplates (2010)

Supporting in vivo studies and cell culture experiments, high-frequency loading simulating vibration conditions shows detrimental effects on intervertebral disc cells in whole organ culture. The effect on cell viability was exacerbated by limited nutrition culture. However, neither frequency nor limited glucose affected cell metabolism, measured by glycosaminoglycan synthesis rate. Longer culture periods may be required to detect changes at the extracellular matrix level.