gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Two distinct structural elements of 5S rRNA are needed for its import into human mitochondria (2008)

RNA import into mitochondria is a widespread phenomenon. Studied in details for yeast, protists, and plants, it still awaits thorough investigation for human cells, in which the nuclear DNA-encoded 5S rRNA is imported. Only the general requirements for this pathway have been described, whereas specific protein factors needed for 5S rRNA delivery into mitochondria and its structural determinants of import remain unknown. In this study, a systematic analysis of the possible role of human 5S rRNA structural elements in import was performed. Our experiments in vitro and in vivo show that two distinct regions of the human 5S rRNA molecule are needed for its mitochondrial targeting. One of them is located in the proximal part of the helix I and contains a conserved uncompensated G:U pair. The second and most important one is associated with the loop E-helix IV region with several noncanonical structural features. Destruction or even destabilization of these sites leads to a significant decrease of the 5S rRNA import efficiency. On the contrary, the beta-domain of the 5S rRNA was proven to be dispensable for import, and thus it can be deleted or substituted without affecting the 5S rRNA importability. This finding was used to demonstrate that the 5S rRNA can function as a vector for delivering heterologous RNA sequences into human mitochondria. 5S rRNA-based vectors containing a substitution of a part of the beta-domain by a foreign RNA sequence were shown to be much more efficiently imported in vivo than the wild-type 5S rRNA.
Measuring the External Value of the Dollar (2013)

How much is a dollar worth? The value of a dollar is most generally defined in terms of its purchasing power over the goods and services that households and individuals consume on a regular basis. As goods and services become more expensive, the purchasing power?or value?of the dollar falls. Over long periods of time, the tendency has been for most goods and services to become more expensive in dollar terms. The result is that the purchasing power of a dollar in 2014 is a lot less than the purchasing power of a dollar in 1914.
It takes a bit of imagination... (2007)

This workshop will adopt a scenario planning approach to ask participants to engage in some forward thinking around the implications of different approaches to institutional transformation. <br/>The implementation of new technologies to support learning and teaching is sometimes led by a combination of external agendas and institutional strategic drivers, for example quality assurance, widening participation. Sometimes it is 'bottom-up', through learners or teachers adopting technological developments, which are subsequently institutionalised, for example pod-casting, blogging. Quite often innovative change in practice is started by individual e-learning champions, perhaps with the help of development grants. Too often though, this development work is not embedded within institutional practice. We would argue that developments led by real pedagogic need offers a strong basis on which to really embed within and transform institutions.<br/>The workshop will present some innovative technological developments which answered specific pedagogical needs across a number of disciplines: Humanities, Geography, Design Engineering and Anthropology. These were led by academic teams, involved partnerships across and between institutions, demanded new teaching models and approaches and were intended from the outset to be embedded within institutional practice. The Digital Libraries in the Classroom Programme aims to improve and enhance the learning experience of students through innovative technical approaches with digital content. The four projects have all demonstrated that the integration of digital developments into core curriculum practice can have a significant impact on student achievement, institutional structures and practices. All four projects, The Spoken Word (Glasgow Caledonian University), DialogPLUS (University of Southampton), DIDET (University of Strathclyde) and DART (London School of Economics) involved collaborations between UK and US universities.
Matching research between engine and transmission of vehicle based on AVL-Cruise (2015)

Using the analysis of the design goals for a new carthe basic structure type of this new car was determined. Under the presupposition of giving power unit, the various of matching scheme of driveline and engine was selected preliminary. The vehicle model was construced by using AVL-Cruise software, and the performance simulation and theory analysis were carried out for the different combination of the power plant and driveline, the optimum matching of powertrain to meet the performance required was chosed in the eventually. Practice has proved that the development cycle of new car can be shortened, the research and development costs can be reduced by using the simulation platform of AVL-Cruise software.
InP Gunn-Effect Devices for Millimeter-Wave Amplifiers and Oscillators (1976)

CW InP Gunn oscillator performance has been extended up in frequency to the 26.5-40 and 50-75-GHz ranges. CW power outputs of 78 mW at 56 GHz have been attained to date. Amplifier evaluation in Ku band yielded useful gain from 26.5 to 40 GHz in two half-band circuits with noise figures ranging from 12.4 to 16.5 dB on flat profile devices. In a narrow-band amplifier circuit at 23 GHz, a device noise figure of 10.1 dB was obtained at 9-dB gain. A description of material growth, evaluation techniques, and device designs is also presented.
The human interferon-alpha species and hybrid proteins. (1997)

Ten years of interferon (IFN) therapy have followed the approval of this agent by the US Food and Drug Administration on June 5, 1986. As the first biotherapeutic approved, IFN-alpha paved the way for the many new biotherapeutics. Regardless of this long history, however, we have just touched the surface of understanding the multitude of human IFNs. This report reviews the history of the purification of human leukocyte IFN and key aspects of our current state of knowledge of human leukocyte IFN genes and proteins.
Removal of a Dye from an Aqueous Solution by the Fungus Aspergillus niger (2000)

Abstract Biosorption is becoming a promising alternative to replace or supplement the present dye removal processes from dye wastewater. In this study, removal of a dye, Basic Blue 9, from an aqueous solution by biosorption on the dead fungal biomass Aspergillus niger was studied. The effective pretreatment method for increasing the biosorption capacity of A. niger was investigated. Autoclaving was found to effectively enhance the biosorption capacity of A. niger to 18.54 mg/g compared with 1.17 mg/g of living cells for Basic Blue 9. Batch pH, kinetic and isotherm studies were conducted to evaluate the biosorption capacity of the pretreated (dead) biomass. The initial pH of the dye solution strongly affected the biosorption capacity and rate. The effective initial pH was between 4 and 6. The equilibrium time varied with the initial pH of the dye solution and was set at 30 h because no significant dye removals occurred after that time of contact. The Lagergren and Ho et al. models can be used to describe the kinetics of Basic Blue 9 biosorption on A. niger successfully for different initial pH values, except for pH 4. At initial pH 4, biosorption of Basic Blue 9 fitted the Langmuir equation well; at initial pH 10, the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models both fitted biosorption well. The results of this study indicated that fungal biomass of A. niger can be used for removing Basic Blue 9 from an aqueous solution.
The Effects of Nicotine on PGI2 Production by Rat Aortic Endothelium (1985)

The production of prostacyclin by rat aortic rings was measured following administration of nicotine by a single subcutaneous injection and after continuous subcutaneous infusion over 7 days. Single subcutaneous injections of nicotine at 1, 5, 10 or 20 mg/kg had no effect on prostacyclin production by rat aortic rings in comparison with controls. However, aortic rings obtained after 7 days continuous subcutaneous infusion of 0.54 g/ml of nicotine at the rate of 1 microliter per hour produced significantly less prostacyclin than control animals.
The Latent Period of the Pupil Light Reflex in Lesions of the Optic Nerve (1981)

The latent period of the pupil light reflex was investigated by means of infrared pupillography in patients suffering from optic neuritis (retrobulbar neuritis, papillitis), papilledema, optic atrophy or anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. The inflammatory diseases of the optic nerve and the optic atrophy cause significant prolongation of the latent period of the pupil light reflex. Conversely, in papilledema no prolonged latent period could be demonstrated. The vascular diseases of the optic nerve affect the pupil latent period also, however, to a lower degree.
An application of the tourism destination area life cycle to Barbados (1991)

Butler's well‐documented concept of the tourism destination area life cycle (Butler 1980) was adapted from the marketing notion of the product life cycle and used to examine the rise and decline of tourist resorts and the regions within which they are located. Initially few empirical studies attempted to examine the validity of this concept but published findings of such applications have begun to come forward. Among the studies available, that of Cooper and Jackson (1989) on the Isle of Man demonstrates the descriptive value of the concept and its ability to act as an analytical framework for explaining the evolution of tourism in particular areas. However they do note (Cooper & Jackson 1989 p. 386) that Butler's model is less valuable as a prescriptive tool.
The Incidence of Primary Cardiac Arrest during Vigorous Exercise (1984)

To examine the risk of primary cardiac arrest during vigorous exercise, we interviewed the wives of 133 men without known prior heart disease who had had primary cardiac arrest. Cases were classified according to their activity at the time of cardiac arrest and the amount of their habitual vigorous activity. From interviews with wives of a random sample of healthy men, we estimated the amount of time members of the community spent in vigorous activity. Among men with low levels of habitual activity, the relative risk of cardiac arrest during exercise compared with that at other times was 56 (95 per cent confidence limits, 23 to 131). The risk during exercise among men at the highest level of habitual activity was also elevated, but only by a factor of 5 (95 per cent confidence limits, 2 to 14). However, among the habitually vigorous men, the overall risk of cardiac arrest--i.e., during and not during vigorous activity--was only 40 per cent that of the sedentary men (95 per cent confidence limits, 0.23 to 0.67). Although the risk of primary cardiac arrest is transiently increased during vigorous exercise, habitual vigorous exercise is associated with an overall decreased risk of primary cardiac arrest.
Triple-functional core–shell structured upconversion luminescent nanoparticles covalently grafted with photosensitizer for luminescent, magnetic resonance imaging and photodynamic therapy in vitro (2012)

Upconversion luminescent nanoparticles (UCNPs) have been widely used in many biochemical fields, due to their characteristic large anti-Stokes shifts, narrow emission bands, deep tissue penetration and minimal background interference. UCNPs-derived multifunctional materials that integrate the merits of UCNPs and other functional entities have also attracted extensive attention. Here in this paper we present a core-shell structured nanomaterial, namely, NaGdF(4):Yb,Er@CaF(2)@SiO(2)-PS, which is multifunctional in the fields of photodynamic therapy (PDT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and fluorescence/luminescence imaging. The NaGdF(4):Yb,Er@CaF(2) nanophosphors (10 nm in diameter) were prepared via sequential thermolysis, and mesoporous silica was coated as shell layer, in which photosensitizer (PS, hematoporphyrin and silicon phthalocyanine dihydroxide) was covalently grafted. The silica shell improved the dispersibility of hydrophobic PS molecules in aqueous environments, and the covalent linkage stably anchored the PS molecules in the silica shell. Under excitation at 980 nm, the as-fabricated nanomaterial gave luminescence bands at 550 nm and 660 nm. One luminescent peak could be used for fluorescence imaging and the other was suitable for the absorption of PS to generate singlet oxygen for killing cancer cells. The PDT performance was investigated using a singlet oxygen indicator, and was investigated in vitro in HeLa cells using a fluorescent probe. Meanwhile, the nanomaterial displayed low dark cytotoxicity and near-infrared (NIR) image in HeLa cells. Further, benefiting from the paramagnetic Gd(3+) ions in the core, the nanomaterial could be used as a contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Compared with the clinical commercial contrast agent Gd-DTPA, the as-fabricated nanomaterial showed a comparable longitudinal relaxivities value (r(1)) and similar imaging effect.
Craniotomy in sitting position (2014)

Sitting position for neurosurgical procedures may be a well tolerated approach for the patient if neurosurgeons and neuroanesthesiologists undergo a strict team protocol, including all necessary monitoring and meticulously followed.
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase antisense oligodeoxynucleotides protect against cytosine arabinonucleoside-induced apoptosis in cultured cerebellar neurons. (1996)

Cytosine arabinonucleoside (AraC) is a pyrimidine antimetabolite that kills proliferating cells by inhibiting DNA synthesis and, importantly, is also an inducer of apoptosis. We recently reported that age-induced apoptotic cell death of cultured cerebellar neurons is directly associated with an over-expression of a particulate 38-kDa protein, identified by us as glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH; EC 1.2.1.12). We now show that the AraC-induced neuronal death of immature cerebellar granule cells in culture is effectively delayed by actinomycin-D, cycloheximide, or aurintricarboxylic acid (a DNase inhibitor). Furthermore, two GAPDH antisense, but not their corresponding sense, oligodeoxyribonucleotides markedly arrested AraC-induced apoptosis. This protection was more effective than that induced by the above-mentioned classical inhibitors of apoptosis. Prior to AraC-induced neuronal death, GAPDH mRNA levels increased by approximately 2.5-fold, and this mRNA accumulation was blocked by actinomycin-D and the GAPDH antisense (but not sense) oligonucleotide. Like actinomycin-D, a GAPDH antisense oligonucleotide also suppressed the AraC-induced over-expression of the 38-kDa particulate protein (i.e., GAPDH), while the corresponding sense oligonucleotide was totally ineffective. Thus, the present results show that GAPDH over-expression is involved in AraC-induced apoptosis of cultured cerebellar granule cells.
Tachyphylaxis to the action of topically applied corticosteroids (1975)

A previously unrecognized pharmacological event, acute tolerance to the vasoconstrictive action of topically applied glucocorticosteroids, has been discovered in human skin. Thus, potent topical glucocorticosteroids will cause vasoconstriction when first applied to human skin but with subsequent applications the production of vasoconstriction rapidly diminishes. However, after a rest period of a few days, the same initial vasoconstrictive effect may be produced again, but this will also disappear if the steroid is again continued topically. These observations have important applications to optimum timing in the clinical topical use of glucocorticosteroids for maximum therapeutic advantage.
Three new species of the lichen genusAnthracothecium from, the Eastern Himalayas (India) (1982)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Xiphinema simile (Nematoda: Longidoridae) in the Czech Republic and a note on other Xiphinema species (2006)

Abstract A nematode survey was carried out in South Moravia and Bohemia (Czech Republic) to assess the occurrence of Xiphinema in the rhizosphere of fruit orchards. Sixty six orchards in South Moravia and seven in Bohemia were studied during the years 2003 and 2004. Four Xiphinema species (X. diversicaudatum, X. pachtaicum, X. simile and X. vuittenezi) were recorded. X. simile constitutes a first record for the nematodes fauna of the Czech Republic.
Introduction: The Ecological Relevance of Chemically Induced Endocrine Disruption in Wildlife (2006)

This article is part of the monograph “The Ecological Relevance of Chemically Induced Endocrine Disruption in Wildlife.”
Neural Networks for Document Image and Text Processing (2017)

After several years working on this Ph.D. and several internships is difficult to recall all the partners, colleagues, family and friends that have accompanied me during this trip; I hope I haven't forgotten anybody.
Culturally Derived Motifs and Symbols as Structural Features in Es'kia Mphahlele's Chirundu (1984)

The story of Chirundu is set in an independent Central African territory. Various geographical and historical references in the novel identify this territory as Zambia. In Chirundu Mphahlele is primarily concerned with the nature of political power in ex-colonial Africa and the problem of adapting traditional cultures to modern social structures. The personal relationships of the main characters represent situations and relationships which exist between various groups in the society. Mphahlele examines the choices for the individual and the society as a whole, operating as they do between African and Western institutions. Social relationships, in this context, Mphahlele shows, become 'largely incoherent, pulling against and contradicting each other'.' The situation which Mphahlele describes for a particular Central African territory may be regarded as a paradigm for all ex-colonial African societies which show social structures which are inconsistent in themselves because of social and political pressures which operate in contrary directions.
The Amalgamation of Chinese Higher Education Institutions (2002)

The 1990s witnessed revolutionary change in China's higher education system, particularly through radical mergers. The reform process and its background are detailed here, with a case study focusing on Zhejiang University. After nearly 15 years of painstaking effort, the reform goals for the higher education system have been met, and a decentralized, two-tiered administrative system has been installed. However, the most hotly debated reform has been the amalgamation of universities. The need to optimize China's system of higher education has a background dating back about 50 years, when the first reordering of higher education took place. The reordering and its results are described, and the causes and after effects of this reform are detailed.
Immunogenicity of the soluble isoforms of HLA-G (2003)

Soluble class Ib HLA-G glycoproteins synthesized in the placenta are abundant in the pregnant uterus and circulate in maternal blood throughout pregnancy. To establish immunogenicity of these proteins, we tested sera from 64 women with at least one successful pregnancy (multigravid), 21 women who had never been pregnant, and 54 males for antibodies to epitopes present on recombinant sHLA-G isoforms (sHLA-G1, sHLA-G2) derived from HLA 6.0 cDNA (HLA-G*0101 allele). By indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, antibodies to sHLA-G isoforms were identified in six sera, all from multigravid women; all other sera were negative (P = 0.0083). Immunoblots showed that two of the positive sera reacted exclusively with sHLA-G1 and -G2 whereas four reacted to both sHLA-G and pooled HLA class I antigens. To establish potential relationships between anti-sHLA-G and exposure to foreign paternal alleles (*0101, *0103, *0104, *0106), all multigravid women and their partners were genotyped. No relationship between allelic disparity and antibody production was identified. Taken together, these results indicate that (i) tolerance to HLA-G is the usual condition as antibodies to HLA-G were not detected in 91% (58/64) multigravid women, and (ii) pregnancy stimulates loss of tolerance in 9% (6/64) of multigravid women. All six women delivered healthy babies, demonstrating that maternal antibodies to epitopes on sHLA-G do not abrogate pregnancy.
Protoplast formation and regeneration of dehydrodivanillin-degrading strains of Fusobacterium varium and Enterococcus faecium (1986)

Two strains of rumen anaerobes isolated from dehydrodivanillin-degrading cultures were identified as Fusobacterium varium and Enterococcus faecium. These organisms degraded dehydrodivanillin synergistically to 5-carboxymethylvanillin and vanillic acid. Specific conditions for protoplast formation and cell wall regeneration for both bacteria were determined, under strictly anaerobic conditions, to be as follows. The cell wall of each bacterium in yeast extract medium was loosened by adding penicillin G during early log-phase growth. The cell wall of F. varium was lysed by lysozyme (1 mg/ml) in glycerol (0.2 M)-phosphate buffer (0.05 M; pH 7.0). The addition of NaCl (0.08 M) with lysozyme was necessary for lysis of E. faecium in this solution. Almost all cells were converted to protoplasts after 2 h of incubation at 37 degrees C. Regeneration of both protoplasts was 20 to 30% on an agar-containing yeast extract medium.
Biochemical Membrane Constituents and Activities of Alkaline and Acid Phosphatase and Cathepsin in Cortical and Subcortical Brain Areas in Dementia of the Alzheimer Type (1991)

Biochemical substrates and activities of three enzymes were determined in cortical and subcortical brain areas from neuropathologically proven cases with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) and age-matched control cases. Protein and total lipid content, lecithin, triglycerides, cholesterol, uric acid, alkaline and acid phosphatases and cathepsin activity were determined in homogenates from frontal, temporal, and occipital cortex, hippocampus, the amygdaloid nucleus and the putamen. Protein content was reduced in the frontal cortex only. In the hippocampus, total lipids, triglycerides, lecithin, cholesterol, and acid phosphatase activity were reduced. Cathepsin activity was reduced in the putamen, and increased in the amygdaloid body. The other brain areas appeared unaltered. Neuropathological changes were most pronounced in the hippocampus. The data indicate that only in the hippocampus, the most severely affected brain region, major alterations of membrane constituents occur. Among the neocortical brain regions, only the frontal cortex showed some signs of degradation of cell membranes. The activity of cathepsin, a lysosomal protease potentially involved in amyloidogenesis, was differentially altered. The biochemical observations do not follow the classical pattern of neuropathological degeneration in DAT.