gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization and Prognostic Significance of Variable Decelerations in the Second Stage of Labor (1998)

The characteristics of variable decelerations (VD) in the second stage of labor and the relationship between the number, frequency, or severity and neonatal outcome have not been studied. We have analyzed the characteristics of VD in the second stage of labor and their prognostic significance in the prediction of Apgar scores. In this descriptive study, fetal heart tracings containing VD from 250 singleton, vaginal deliveries between June 1994 and July 1996 were reviewed blinded to outcome information. Excluded were: (1) deliveries at <36 weeks, (2) uninterpretable tracing, (3) absence of VD in second stage of labor, and (4) absence of exam establishing beginning of second stage of labor. VD characteristics evaluated: shape (U, V, W); anterior and posterior "shoulders"; slow return to baseline (< or = 30-degree curve); cumulative depth of VD per 10 min, second stage oxytocin dose. Outcome information collected: method of delivery, birth weight and Apgar scores. Statistical analysis included regression and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The mean maternal age was 32+/-5 years and gestational age 39+/-1.3 week. In the second stage of labor, the mean oxytocin dose was 3+/-5 mu/min, length of the second stage 65+/-57 min, total number of VD averaged 21+/-17 and uterine contractions 26+/-22 per patient. The percentage of VD <100 bpm was 50+/-27%, VD <70 bpm 13+/-20%, anterior shoulders 76+/-30%, posterior shoulders 75+/-30% and slow return to baseline 12+/-17%. The number of VD significantly increased with the length of the second stage of labor (r=0.85, p <0.001). The total number and percentage of VD <70 bpm were inversely correlated with 5-min Apgar score (p=0.038, 0.015 respectively). The sum of the depth of VD/length of second stage as well as the percentage of VD with anterior and/or posterior shoulders and slow return to baseline were not significantly related to Apgar scores (p=0.08, 0.72, 0.73, 0.99, respectively). Patients with a higher percentage of decelerations with slow return to baseline had a higher rate of operative vaginal deliveries (20 vs. 11 %, p=0.002); but no significant differences in Apgar scores compared with those with spontaneous delivery (p=0.9). Second stage VD <70 bpm were significantly associated with lower 5-min Apgar scores. Although the presence of VD with a slow return to baseline was significantly associated with operative delivery, there was no difference in 5-min Apgar scores.
End‐tidal carbon dioxide monitoring in very low birth weight infants: Correlation and agreement with arterial carbon dioxide (2011)

In ventilated VLBWI, the correlation between mainstream ETCO(2) and PaCO(2) is good, but the agreement is poor and negatively influenced by the severity of pulmonary disease. Capnography is feasible in ELBWI. ETCO(2) should not replace PaCO(2) measurements in ventilated VLBWI, but may have a role to detect trends of PaCO(2).
Investigation of surface fluctuating pressures on a 1/4 scale YC-14 upper surface blown flap model (1979)

Fluctuating pressures were measured at 30 positions on the surface of a 1/4-scale YC-14 wing and fuselage model during an outdoor static testing program. These data were obtained as part of a NASA program to study the fluctuating loads imposed on STOL aircraft configurations and to further the understanding of the scaling laws of unsteady surface pressure fields. Fluctuating pressure data were recorded at several discrete engine thrust settings for each of 16 configurations of the model. These data were reduced using the technique of random data analysis to obtain auto-and cross-spectral density functions and coherence functions for frequencies from 0 to 10 kHz, and cross-correlation functions for time delays from 0 to 10.24 ms. Results of this program provide the following items of particular interest: (1) Good collapse of normalized PSD functions on the USB flap was found using a technique applied by Lilley and Hodgson to data from a laboratory wall-jet apparatus. (2) Results indicate that the fluctuating pressure loading on surfaces washed by the jet exhaust flow was dominated by hydrodynamic pressure variations, loading on surface well outside the flow region dominated by acoustic pressure variations, and loading near the flow boundaries from a mixture of the two.
Graphene GaN-Based Schottky Ultraviolet Detectors (2015)

Graphene GaN-based Schottky ultraviolet detectors are fabricated. The monolayer graphene is grown by chemical vapor deposition. The graphene is much more transparent than metals, as confirmed by the fact that our devices retain their high responsivity up to 360-nm wavelength (corresponding to the band edge absorption of GaN). Importantly, by virtue of the tunable work function of graphene, the graphene GaN Schottky barrier height can be greatly enlarged. The built-in field is enhanced, and the detector performance is improved. The current ratio with and without luminescence is up to <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1.6\times 10^{4}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> . The characteristic time constants of the devices are in the order of a few milliseconds. The device open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current are also increased. At last, special type Schottky devices consisting of GaN nanorods or surface-etched GaN are prepared for complementary study. It is found although the dry etching induced surface defects lead to an increase in the dark current, and these carrier traps also greatly contribute to the photoconductivity under luminescence, resulting in extraordinarily large responsivity (up to 360 A/W at −6 V).
/-<i>sis</i> oncogene-induced transformation of human fibroblasts into cells capable of forming benign tumors (1994)

Normal human fibroblasts do not synthesize platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), but they respond to its mitogenic action. In contrast, cells from several human fibrosarcomas have been shown to synthesize PDGF at significant levels. To investigate the possible role of PDGF expression in the development of tumors of mesenchymal origin in humans, we transfected a plasmid carrying the v-sis oncogene and a selectable marker into an infinite lifespan, non-tumorigenic human fibroblast cell strain, MSU-1.1. The v-sis gene codes for a protein homolog of PDGF-B. Of the six independent drug-resistant transfectants clonally isolated, three expressed a relatively low level of v-sis mRNA and protein, grew to a saturation density only 2-2.5 times higher than MSU-1.1 cells, did not form colonies in agar, were not growth factor independent and did not form tumors. The other three expressed v-sis mRNA and protein at a high level, grew to a very high saturation density (> 750,000 cells/cm2), replicated in medium lacking exogenous growth factors almost as rapidly as with 10% serum, formed large colonies in 0.33% agarose and, when injected into athymic mice, formed tumors that grew rapidly. Tumors that were removed after 6 weeks were classified as benign (fibromas). However, several of the tumors that were left in the animals for 6 months developed focal areas of cells showing features of poorly differentiated spindle cell or round cell sarcomas. Similarly, cells isolated from a very large sized agarose colony formed by one of the other v-sis strains expressed very high levels of v-sis mRNA and protein and formed large, very fast growing benign tumors. Re-injection of cells from the tumors yielded tumors composed of two distinct areas: spindle cell fibromas and high grade sarcomas. These results suggest that if mesenchymal cells in the body were induced to express their PDGF-B gene, this could lead to the formation of benign tumors of mesenchymal origin. The system described can serve as a model for studying the mechanisms of formation of such tumors in humans and their progression to the malignant state.
Path Loss at 5 GHz and 31 GHz for Two Distinct Indoor Airport Settings (2019)

Vehicular and indoor communications continue to grow. This pertains to applications in aviation as well, which is also experiencing rapid growth. Since a pre-requisite to reliable communication link design is accurate knowledge of the wireless channel, research on channel models for these environments is an active area of study, and this is the topic of this paper. In this work, we report on measurement and model results for propagation path loss in two indoor airport environments, in two frequency bands. The first environment is a typical small terminal building, with characteristics similar to indoor offices, and the second is a more unusual aircraft maintenance hangar. The hangar is a crowded environment with multiple aircraft and metallic objects. Our results are for both the 30 GHz band (specifically 31 GHz), which is being investigated for future 5 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> generation cellular and other applications, and for the 5 GHz band, for a comparison. Our results show that the airport terminal building exhibits path loss characteristics very similar to those of an indoor office environment, at both frequencies, and this is largely as expected. In contrast, the maintenance hangar path loss is less than that of non-line of sight terminal building regions, somewhat unexpectedly. We attribute this to the highly reflective hangar environment, which serves to compensate for reduced diffraction and increased blockage losses at 31 GHz.
Stress Detection in Steels Through Variations in Magnetic Properties (1993)

The evaluation of stress in large scale constructed facilities, such as pipelines in power plants, is important for assessing the condition of the structure. The development of viable NDE techniques for high precision evaluation of stress in steels has remained a long standing problem. Some success has been achieved in recent years in the quantitative measurement of stress along a single axis coaxial with applied magnetic field. This paper reports on subsequent work aimed at the evaluation of the stress in two dimensions. This is clearly a problem of direct relevance to the estimation of stress in the surface of a pipeline.
Multiple Gene Polymorphisms in the Complement Factor H Gene Are Associated with Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Chinese (2008)

purpose. Variants in the complement factor H (CFH) gene have been shown to be strongly associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). In this study, sequence alterations in CFH were investigated in 163 Chinese patients with exudative AMD and 155 unrelated Chinese control subjects. methods. All the 22 CFH exons, intron–exon boundaries, and promoter sequences were screened by polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing. results. Fifty-eight sequence changes, 42 of them novel, were identified. Six SNPs with an allele frequency >30% were significantly associated with exudative AMD. SNP rs3753396 was novel; the rest had been reported: rs3753394, rs551397, rs800292, rs2274700, and rs1329428. Two haplotype blocks were constructed. The TG haplotype for rs551397 and rs800292 was the major haplotype that conferred a significantly increased susceptibility to exudative AMD (P corr = 0.0001, OR = 1.91, 95% CI = 1.36–2.68). conclusions. The findings support prior evidence that the CFH gene is one of the AMD-associated genes. There is a different distribution pattern of CFH variants in the Chinese compared with other populations. Individual SNP and haplotype analyses revealed that the ancient alleles at the 5′ end of CFH contribute to an increased susceptibility to exudative AMD.
The superconducting bismuth-based mixed oxides (2002)

The ruthenocuprates have tetragonal perovskite-related structures containing distinct CuO2 and RuO2 layers. Superconductivity arises from doping of the CuO2 planes, and the Ru spins show an independent magnetic ordering transition. The intrinsic order is near-antiferromagnetic, but a field-induced spin flop or metamagnetic transition to a ferromagnetic state is easily observed. Structural studies of RuSr2GdCu2O8, show that local symmetry-breaking rotations and tilts of the RuO6 octahedra lead to domains seen by HREM [1,2]. The structure and conducting/magnetic properties result from overlap between Cu dx2-y2 and Ru t2g bands which is confirmed by doping Ru by Sn and Nb resulting in hole and electron doping, respectively [3,4,5]. A new ruthenocuprate Pb2Sr2RuCu2O8Cl has recently been prepared [6]. The structure is similar to that of RuSr2GdCu2O8, with Pb2Cl layers replacing Gd in the latter structure. The material is non-superconducting, but a variable temperature and field neutron diffraction study shows the magnetic properties to be very similar to those of RuSr2GdCu2O8.
ChemInform Abstract: An Enzyme‐Scissile Linker for Solid‐Phase Peptide Synthesis. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Electronic angular momentum transfer in the I(/sup 2/P/sub 1/2/) + NF(A/sup 1/. delta. ) system. Interim report (1976)

A rate coefficient at 298 K of greater than 2.6 x 10/sup 14/ cc/mol-s was deduced for the electronic energy transfer I(/sup 2/P/sub 1/2/) + NF(A/sup 1/..delta..) ..-->.. I(/sup 2/P/sub 3/2/) + NF(B/sup 1/..sigma..). (GRA)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Histomorphologic Correlation Studies on Paramagnetic Metalloporphyrins in Rat Models of Necrosis (1997)

The implied affinity of metalloporphyrins for necrosis with presumably increased relaxivity suggests a possible mode of targetability for MRI contrast media that may elicit novel applications.
TLA-2, a Novel Ambler Class A Expanded-Spectrum β-Lactamase (2005)

Beta-lactamase TLA-2 is encoded by a 47-kb plasmid isolated from an unidentified bacterial strain from a wastewater treatment plant. TLA-2 is an Ambler class A beta-lactamase that shares 52% amino acid identity with CGA-1 from Chryseobacterium gleum and 51% with TLA-1 from Escherichia coli. The enzyme hydrolyzes mostly cephalosporins.
<i>In Silico</i> Protein Interaction Analysis Using the Global Proteome Machine Database (2010)

Experiments to probe for protein-protein interactions are the focus of functional proteomic studies, thus proteomic data repositories are increasingly likely to contain a large cross-section of such information. Here, we use the Global Proteome Machine database (GPMDB), which is the largest curated and publicly available proteomic data repository derived from tandem mass spectrometry, to develop an in silico protein interaction analysis tool. Using a human histone protein for method development, we positively identified an interaction partner from each histone protein family that forms the histone octameric complex. Moreover, this method, applied to the α subunits of the human proteasome, identified all of the subunits in the 20S core particle. Furthermore, we applied this approach to human integrin αIIb and integrin β3, a major receptor involved in the activation of platelets. We identified 28 proteins, including a protein network for integrin and platelet activation. In addition, proteins interacting with integrin β1 obtained using this method were validated by comparing them to those identified in a formaldehyde-supported coimmunoprecipitation experiment, protein-protein interaction databases and the literature. Our results demonstrate that in silico protein interaction analysis is a novel tool for identifying known/candidate protein-protein interactions and proteins with shared functions in a protein network.
Medieval Historiography: Stenton, Maitland, and Round - Stenton's Anglo-Saxon England Fifty Years On. Edited by Donald Matthew, with the assistance of Anne Curry and Ewen Green. Reading: University of Reading, Reading Historical Studies, 1994. Pp. viii + 134. $25.60. - The Anarchy of King Stephen's Reign. Edited by Edmund King. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994. Pp. xxii + 332. $59.00. - The “History of English Law”: Centenary Essays on “Pollock and Maitland.” Edited by John Hudson. Oxford: Oxford University Press for the British Academy, 1996. Pp. xii + 288. $49.95. (1999)

Medieval Historiography: Stenton, Maitland, and Round - Stenton's Anglo-Saxon England Fifty Years On. Edited by Donald Matthew, with the assistance of Anne Curry and Ewen Green. Reading: University of Reading, Reading Historical Studies, 1994. Pp. viii + 134. $49.95. - Volume 38 Issue 1
Interpolation approaches to vector quantization for image compression (2002)

Vector quantization (VQ) applies effectively to very low bit-rate image transmission. The high compression ratios are often balanced by limited reconstruction quality due to blockiness effects due to coarse quantization. Interpolating different codevectors can overcome such drawback by enhancing the generalization ability and the adaptiveness of the coding system at run time. Experimental results on real testbeds show the method's advantages as compared with related techniques.
Treatment of xanthelasma palpebrarum using radiofrequency advanced electrolysis (2015)

The aim of this study was to investigate the outcomes of radiofrequency advanced electrolysis (RAE) for the treatment of xanthelasma palpebrarum (XP) and report the outcomes of treatment at 18 months. Fifty patients presenting to an aesthetic clinic with XP between 2011 and 2013 were identified. All patients underwent clinical examination and treatment with RAE. Records were retrospectively reviewed and questionnaires were sent via post (mean follow-up time 17.6 months; response rate 50%). Treatment was deemed to be successful or partially successful in all patients, with 22 of 25 respondents reporting an improvement to their quality of life. RAE was described as partially successful in five patients whose condition vastly improved, but was not eradicated. Five patients reported new xanthelasma at follow-up. The authors concluded that xanthelasmata have a profound impact on confidence and self-esteem but can be removed with RAE—an efficient treatment for visibly reducing the appearance of or removing plaques, with excellent patient– and observer-reported outcomes.
Set-base dynamical parameter estimation and model invalidation for biochemical reaction networks (2010)

The practicability of our approach is illustrated with two case studies. The first study shows that our approach allows to conclusively rule out wrong model hypotheses. The second study focuses on parameter estimation, and shows that the proposed method allows to evaluate the global influence of measurement sparsity, uncertainty, and prior knowledge on the parameter estimates. This can help in designing further experiments leading to improved parameter estimates.
A study of rivastigmine liposomes for delivery into the brain through intranasal route (2008)

The present study is mainly aimed at delivering a drug into the brain via the intranasal route using a liposomal formulation. For this purpose, rivastigmine, which is used in the management of Alzheimer's disease, was selected as a model drug. Conventional liposomes were formulated by the lipid layer hydration method using cholesterol and soya lecithin as lipid components. The concentration of rivastigmine in brain and plasma after intranasal liposomes, free drug and per oral administration was studied in rat models. A significantly higher level of drug was found in the brain with intranasal liposomes of rivastigmine compared to the intranasal free drug and the oral route. Intranasal liposomes had a longer half-life in the brain than intranasally or orally administered free drug. Delivering rivastigmine liposomes through the intranasal route for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease might be a new approach to the management of this condition.
Cholangiocarcinoma: Molecular Pathways and Therapeutic Opportunities (2014)

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive biliary tract malignancy with limited treatment options and low survival rates. Currently, there are no curative medical therapies for CCA. Recent advances have enhanced our understanding of the genetic basis of this disease, and elucidated therapeutically relevant targets. Therapeutic efforts in development are directed at several key pathways due to genetic aberrations including receptor tyrosine kinase pathways, mutant IDH enzymes, the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway, and chromatin remodeling networks. A highly desmoplastic, hypovascular stroma is characteristic of CCAs and recent work has highlighted the importance of targeting this pathway via stromal myofibroblast depletion. Future efforts should concentrate on combination therapies with action against the cancer cell and the surrounding tumor stroma. As the mutational landscape of CCA is being illuminated, molecular profiling of patient tumors will enable identification of specific mutations and the opportunity to offer directed, personalized treatment options.
Sequential Translation of Trinucleotide Codons for the Initiation and Termination of Protein Synthesis (1968)

Terminal events in protein synthesis were studied with trinucleotide codons. Initiator and terminator trinucleotides sequentially stimulate N-formyl-methionyl-tRNA binding to ribosomes and the release of free N-formyl-methionine from the ribosomal intermediate. The release factor discovered by Capecchi is also required. The trinucleotides UGA, UAA, and UAG were found to be terminator codons. This pattern of codon degeneracy has not been observed with other trinucleotides and transfer RNA.
Phenotype and Functional Features of Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Immortalized Human Airway Smooth Muscle Cells from Asthmatic and Non-Asthmatic Donors (2018)

Asthma is an obstructive respiratory disease characterised by chronic inflammation with airway hyperresponsiveness. In asthmatic airways, there is an increase in airway smooth muscle (ASM) cell bulk, which differs from non-asthmatic ASM in characteristics. This study aimed to assess the usefulness of hTERT immortalisation of human ASM cells as a research tool. Specifically we compared proliferative capacity, inflammatory mediator release and extracellular matrix (ECM) production in hTERT immortalised and parent primary ASM cells from asthmatic and non-asthmatic donors. Our studies revealed no significant differences in proliferation, IL-6 and eotaxin-1 production, or CTGF synthesis between donor-matched parent and hTERT immortalised ASM cell lines. However, deposition of ECM proteins fibronectin and fibulin-1 was significantly lower in immortalised ASM cells compared to corresponding primary cells. Notably, previously reported differences in proliferation and inflammatory mediator release between asthmatic and non-asthmatic ASM cells were retained, but excessive ECM protein deposition in asthmatic ASM cells was lost in hTERT ASM cells. This study shows that hTERT immortalised ASM cells mirror primary ASM cells in proliferation and inflammatory profile characteristics. Moreover, we demonstrate both strengths and weaknesses of this immortalised cell model as a representation of primary ASM cells for future asthma pathophysiological research.
Expansion Velocities and Core Masses of Bright Planetary Nebulae in the Virgo Cluster (2008)

The line-of-sight velocities and [O iii] 5007 Å expansion velocities are measured for 11 planetary nebulae (PNs) in the Virgo Cluster core, at 15 Mpc distance, with the FLAMES spectrograph on the ESO VLT. These PNs are located about halfway between the t