gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Proteolytic degradation of vimentin and glial fibrillary acidic protein in rat astrocytes in primary culture (1984)

Vimentin and glial fibrillary acidic (GFA) protein in rat astrocytes in primary culture were identified with their respective specific antisera on electroblots of one-dimensional and two-dimensional polyacrylamide gels. Each antiserum revealed respectively vimentin (58 kDa, pI 5.3), GFA protein (50 kDa, pI 6-5.8) and several more acidic, lower molecular mass vimentin-immunoreactive and GFA protein-immunoreactive polypeptides. These were more apparent when astrocyte proteins were extracted in the absence of EGTA and in the presence of Ca2+ ions suggesting that the lower immunoreactive polypeptides result from a Ca2+-sensitive proteolytic degradation of vimentin and GFA protein. The extent of proteolysis of GFA protein was higher when the differentiation of astrocytes was induced with 1,N6-dibutyryl-adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (Bt2cAMP). In contrast, the proteolysis of vimentin was not affected by the state of differentiation of astrocytes. The results indicate the existence of at least two distinct degradative pathways for intermediate filament proteins in astrocytes in primary culture and suggest that in differentiated astrocytes the activity of proteinase(s) involved in the degradation of GFA protein increases.
The oxygen non-stoichiometry and structure of solid oxide fuel cell cathode materials measured by in-situ neutron diffraction (2006)

The mixed ion-electron conducting perovskite oxide Ba<sub>0.5</sub>Sr <sub>0.5</sub>Co<sub>0.8</sub>Fe<sub>0.2</sub>O<sub>3-δ</sub> (BSCF) has recently been proposed as a promising cathode material for solid oxide fuel cells. The performance of BSCF for this application is dictated by the structure, oxygen stoichiometry, 3-δ, and chemical and thermal expansion properties of the material. In-situ neutron diffraction provides a novel approach to simultaneously measure of all of these properties at temperatures and oxygen partial pressures of interest to application; 873 to 1173 K and pO<sub>2</sub> between 5×10<sup>-4</sup> to 1 atm. The related material, SrCo<sub>0.8</sub>Fe<sub>0.2</sub>O<sub>3-δ</sub> (SCF), a promising mixed-conducting membrane material, provides an informative comparison. It was found that BSCF exhibits significantly lower oxygen stoichiometry than SCF and that 3-δ can be as low as ∼2.2, and ∼2.3 respectively. This was surprising as the increased basicity of Ba<sup>2+</sup> relative to Sr <sup>2+</sup> may be expected to stabilize higher B-site oxidation states. In addition, where oxygen vacancies in SCF order to form the brownmillerite structure at reduced pO<sub>2</sub> and temperature, BSCF maintains the vacancy disordered cubic perovskite structure under all conditions investigated. Both of these factors will lead to increased oxygen transport rates in BSCF and may explain the observed high performance of BSCF cathodes.
Evidence for the Formation of Singly Bonded Dimers During the Reductive Electrochemistry of Methanofullerenes (2003)

Four methanofullerene derivatives, with phosphonate or sulfone groups attached to a C(60) core through a Bingel procedure, were synthesized to probe their stability upon electrolytic reduction. Derivatives 1 and 2 are the most stable upon electroreduction and do not exhibit retro-cyclopropanation reactions until more than three electrons per C(60) derivative are transferred. The cyclopropane ring is then removed and C(60)(>CH(2))(n) (n=1-3) products result from reactions of the trianion of C(60) with the solvent, CH(2)Cl(2). The situation with diphosphonate 3 or phosphonatecarboxylate 4 is dramatically different. For 3, quantitative retro-cyclopropanation occurs when 2.8 e(-) per molecule are transferred. In the case of 4, when more than two electrons per molecule are transferred, there is evidence of the reversible formation of a very stable intermediate, which is oxidized at a potential 500 mV more positive than the first fullerene-based reduction of the parent compound. Electrolysis of a simple C(70)-Bingel monoadduct (5) also exhibits the formation of a similar intermediate. On the basis of cyclic voltammetry, ESR spectroscopy, and MALDI analysis of products, the intermediate observed during the electrolysis of compounds 4 and 5 is assigned to a dimeric structure.
Micro-analysis of Lanthanides and Actinides: A New Approach by a Co-integration of Optical and Fluidic Guides (2012)

In this paper, we describe some techniques useful for performing chemical measurements requiring very low sample volumes. This aspect is particularly important in the nuclear industry, where the need for controlling the nuclear fuel processes requires a high number of chemical analysis. Moreover, the radiotoxic hazard is proportional to the sample volume. The approach proposed here combines integrated optics on glass by ion-exchange and microfluidics. A first demonstrator is an integrated Young interferometer on a microchannel. Tested with a solution of cobalt in ethanol, it has a detection limit of 4x10-3 M with a probed volume of (33.5 ± 3.5) pL. In order to achieve lower detection limits with even smaller volumes, we also propose some preliminary results on an integrated absorption spectrometer exploiting the principle of slot waveguides.
Generalized access control strategies for token passing systems (1989)

A very large class of access control strategies is proposed and studied for token passing systems, generalized from the timer-based approach. The idea is to assign transmission quotas dependent on past service times to control the token cycles dynamically while utilizing the token channel efficiently. The dynamics inherent in the control scheme are identified as an important issue and, under heavy load and a few other assumptions, it is shown that the proposed strategies have stable dynamics. Furthermore, the ability of the proposed strategies to control the token cycles is demonstrated. Theoretical results are derived, followed by a thorough discussion on the crucial properties of the new strategies.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Rolle der zytoreduktiven Operation bei Patientinnen, die beim ersten Rezidiv nicht operiert wurden: Eine Subanalyse der DESKTOP-III-Studie (2022)

Zielsetzung Rolle der Rezidiv-OP bei Patientinnen aus der AGO-DESKTOP III-Studie, die in den Standard-Therapiearm (Chemotherapie alleine) randomisiert wurden und bei nachfolgendem Rezidiv operiert wurden.
Transforming Growth Factor–β Regulates Mammary Carcinoma Cell Survival and Interaction with the Adjacent Microenvironment (2008)

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta signaling has been associated with early tumor suppression and late tumor progression; however, many of the mechanisms that mediate these processes are not known. Using Cre/LoxP technology, with the whey acidic protein promoter driving transgenic expression of Cre recombinase (WAP-Cre), we have now ablated the type II TGF-beta receptor (T beta RII) expression specifically within mouse mammary alveolar progenitors. Transgenic expression of the polyoma virus middle T antigen, under control of the mouse mammary tumor virus enhancer/promoter, was used to produce mammary tumors in the absence or presence of Cre (T beta RII((fl/fl);PY) and T beta RII((fl/fl);PY;WC), respectively). The loss of TGF-beta signaling significantly decreased tumor latency and increased the rate of pulmonary metastasis. The loss of TGF-beta signaling was significantly correlated with increased tumor size and enhanced carcinoma cell survival. In addition, we observed significant differences in stromal fibrovascular abundance and composition accompanied by increased recruitment of F4/80(+) cell populations in T beta RII((fl/fl);PY;WC) mice when compared with T beta RII((fl/fl);PY) controls. The recruitment of F4/80(+) cells correlated with increased expression of known inflammatory genes including Cxcl1, Cxcl5, and Ptgs2 (cyclooxygenase-2). Notably, we also identified an enriched K5(+) dNp63(+) cell population in primary T beta RII((fl/fl);PY;WC) tumors and corresponding pulmonary metastases, suggesting that loss of TGF-beta signaling in this subset of carcinoma cells can contribute to metastasis. Together, our current results indicate that loss of TGF-beta signaling in mammary alveolar progenitors may affect tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis through regulation of both intrinsic cell signaling and adjacent stromal-epithelial interactions in vivo.
Effects of vasopressin and epinephrine on splanchnic blood flow and renal function during and after cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pigs (2000)

In the early postresuscitation phase, superior mesenteric blood flow was temporarily impaired by vasopressin in comparison with epinephrine. With respect to renal blood flow and renal function after ROSC, there was no difference between either vasopressor given during CPR. Vasopressin given during CPR did not result in an antidiuretic state in the postresuscitation phase.
New FHWA VMT Forecasts Implications for Local Planning (2015)

A summary of FHWA’s new national traffic trends assessment will be presented, including discussion of varied factors influencing forward-thinking forecasts. Examples of Oregon statewide vehicle miles travelled (VMT) and historic traffic trends from ATR stations in the Portland urban region and greater Willamette Valley will be highlighted. VMT, population and income data will be noted with implications on local transportation planning.
Testing switched-current memory cells using DC stimuli (2003)

The authors study the efficiency of a DC test for a memory cell, which is the elementary building block for switched-current circuits. Simulations are performed on two different cells. It is demonstrated that most of the hard faults are detected using one single input test current for the basic cascode memory cell, and two reverse-sign currents for the S/sup 2/I cascode memory cell. This study is also extended taking into account different values for the short and open resistance.
Effect of rabbit antimotilin serum on myoelectric activity and plasma motilin concentration in fasting dog (1983)

It is known that a cyclic increase in plasma motilin concentration occurs during the interdigestive state of dog and the increase coincides with migrating myoelectric complexes (MMCs) of the antrum as well as proximal duodenum. The purpose of the present study is to determine the role of endogenous motilin in the occurrence of MMCs in 10 dogs prepared with a gastric cannula and platinum monopolar electrodes in the gastric antrum, duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. After recording at least two consecutive cycles of MMCs from the proximal duodenum, each dog received an intravenous infusion of highly specific rabbit antimotilin sera in varying doses ranging from 3.5 to 15 ml for a period of 60 or 90 min. During the motility recording period ranging from 6 to 30 h following the administration of the antimotilin serum, several changes in the motility were observed. 1) The occurrence of MMCs in the antrum, duodenum, jejunum, and ileum was temporarily interrupted for varying periods depending on the individual dog studied and the amount of antiserum administered. When the higher dose of antimotilin was administered, a more profound and prolonged inhibition occurred. 2) Phase I activity rarely occurred. Instead, a phase II-like activity continued throughout the recording period. 3) MMCs in the jejunum or ileum occurred at irregular intervals without aboral propagation of MMCs from the duodenum or jejunum. 4) The plasma motilin concentration decreased to levels lower than that observed during phase I of the duodenum and exhibited no cyclic increase until the MMCs reappeared in the proximal duodenum.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Laser-to-RF Synchronization with Femtosecond Precision (2017)

Optical synchronization systems are already in regular operation in many FELs, or they will eventually be implemented in the future. In FLASH and the European XFEL, phase-stableoptical reference signals are provided by a pulsed optical synchronization system in order to achieve low timing jitter FEL performance. The generation of phase-stable RF signalsfrom a pulsed optical synchronization system is still a field of active research. The optical reference module (REFM-OPT), designed at DESY for operation in both FELs, employs a laser-to-RF phase detector, based on an integrated Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The phase drift of the 1.3 GHz RF reference signals with respect to the optical pulses is measured and actively corrected within the REFM-OPT at multiple locations in the accelerator. Therefore the REFM-OPT provides phase stable 1.3 GHz RF reference signals at these locations.The short-term and long-term performance in the accelerator tunnel of the European XFEL is presented and carefully reviewed.
The Determination of Starch in Flour by Diastase-Acid Hydrolysis (1931)

Journal Article The Determination of Starch in Flour by Diastase-Acid Hydrolysis Get access B G Hartmann, B G Hartmann Food Control Laboratory, Food and Drug Administration, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F Hillig F Hillig Food Control Laboratory, Food and Drug Administration, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Association of Official Agricultural Chemists, Volume 14, Issue 1, 15 February 1931, Pages 112–116, https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/14.1.112 Published: 21 February 2020
Electron impact studies. XL. Negative-ion mass spectra of organosulphur compounds : Thioglycollic acids and arylsulphinylamines (1969)

The negative-ion mass spectra of thioglycollic esters and S- alkylthioglycollic acids exhibit ions produced by simple cleavage and/or cleavage with hydrogen rearrangement. Similar spectra of arylsulphinylamines show pronounced molecular ions together with simple cleavage fragments. No skeletal-rearrangement fragments are present in the negative-ion spectra, in marked contrast with those observed in the corresponding positive-ion spectra.
New experiments on color in context and organic-based artificial photoreceptors (2010)

In recent years, organic semiconductors have been used to develop a new generation of photodetectors; in some cases their outstanding properties, especially in terms of spectral tuning, have been exploited in order to reproduce human cone sensitivities.To date, however, it is still not clear if the spectral differences between real and artificial cone responses, unavoidable at a certain extent, may lead to real, corresponding differences in the final color perception. As a matter of fact, one should note that perception is the final result of a complex analysis and elaboration made by our visual system at a superior level respect to the color sensation, as detected in the retinal photoreceptors layer. Therefore, aiming at the development of an artificial retina, the way how human perception actually works can not be disregarded.In this paper, we focus in detail on the role and effect of spatial normalization, when applied to a set of tristimulus values obtained using different integration curves, derived by different organic semiconducting materials.In a recent work, we proposed an experimental setup to investigate this issue. We used a multispectral rendering of a virtual scene as a simulation of incoming light spectra, and a set of artificial cone sensitivities to obtain different tristimulus values for each combination of integrating curves. Finally, we applied different computational models with and without spatial color computation to partially simulate human perception. A preliminary analysis of the values showed that the application of a spatial color algorithm leads to a normalization of the differences in artificial cones spectral sensitivities.In this paper we present the results of a new session of experiments, based on the same experimental setup, but using new multispectral test images of real scenes, and a different selection of organic active materials. We analyze the values obtained after the application of the processing methods, trying to define some latex in the selection, among the many available organic semiconductors, of their most effective combination. Moreover, we introduce some hypothesis regarding the effect of different frequency cut points and overlapping areas between the photoresponsivity curves.
Positional effects on the structure and stability of abbreviated H-ras DNA sequences containing O6-methylguanine residues at codon 12 (1991)

Activation of the H-ras protooncogene in rats by methylating carcinogens results from a G-to-A transition mutation at the second position of codon 12 (GGA), presumably due to formation of an O6-methylguanine (m6G) at this position. A similar transition at the first position of codon 12 appears not to occur in vivo. To study the possible structural basis for this bias in mutation, we synthesized a series of 11-base H-ras sequences [e.g., 5'-d(CGCTG*G*AGGCG)-3' and two complementary strands] containing an m6G at the first, second, or both positions of codon 12 (i.e., G* = m6G). The results of solution chemical studies indicated that the individual strands formed stable hairpin structures among which that containing m6G at the second position of codon 12 was most stable. Further, the DNA duplex with m6G at the second position was significantly more stable than that with m6G at the first position, and under certain conditions, it was more stable than the unmodified duplex as well. It is possible that such a difference in stability might lead to more ready recognition of an m6G at the first position by repair proteins, and this could contribute to the apparent site specificity of mutation by methylating carcinogens at codon 12 of the H-ras gene.
Random space-time codes with iterative decoders for BLAST architectures (2002)

In this paper, we propose a new generation of space-time codes for Bell Labs Layered Space-Time (BLAST) architecture (Foschini 1996) for wireless communications. The information stream is split into parallel substreams ({B/sub k/}/sub k=1/(n/sub T/)) and independently encoded ({C/sub k/}/sub k=1/(n/sub T/)) by using a predetermined block code/convolutional code. The encoded substreams are then space-time interleaved using an off-line designed random space-time interleaver (RSTI). The combination of independent coding and RSTI can be viewed as a "random" space-time block (RSTB) code with cyclic property. The structure of these codes leads to an iterative "turbo-like" receiver for jointly decoding the simultaneously transmitted substreams.
Determination of the Orientation of Silanes on Silica Surfaces by Fourier Transform Infrared Photoacoustic Spectroscopy (1986)

Fourier transform infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy has been used for quantitative surface analysis of silica treated with trifunctional coupling agents such as γ-Methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane (γ-MPS), γ-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (γ-GPS), and γ-Aminopropyltri-ethoxysilane (γ-APS). The calibration curves are obtained for several characteristic bands of the coupling agents. Using a highly polarizable gas in the photoacoustic cell and comparing the spectra with a nonpolarizable coupling gas, it is possible to evaluate orientation of the coupling agents on the silica surface. The type of orientation is a function of the extent of surface coverage. At low surface coverage, coupling agents tend to take a perpendicular orientation with respect to the surface, and increasing surface coverage leads to parallel orientation. Increasing the coupling agent concentration also causes orientational changes of the species which form chemical bonds with the silica surface (hydroxyl, water, and carbonyl groups).
Bipolar Microwave RMS Power Detectors (2006)

A peak/RMS power detector with <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$geq hbox 40~dB$</tex> dynamic range is presented. The simulated frequency response is flat to 60GHz and the measured response is flat to 20 GHz. Analysis shows that the Meyer detector, originally developed as a peak detector, can be used for RMS detection with an error less than 0.5dB over an approximately 20 dB range, comparable to the popular RF/microwave diode detector. The range for RMS detection is extended by cascading several stages of attenuators and detectors, leading to a circuit suitable for applications such as embedded RFIC test. The power detector is only 700 <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$,times,$</tex> 550 <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$muhbox m ^2$</tex> including all AC and DC bond pads.
Genotype Frequencies of theHuman Platelet Antigen, Ca/Tu,in Japanese, Determined by aPCR-RFLP Method (1996)

Recently, the polymorphism of a new human platelet antigen, Ca/Tu, was shown to be derived from a G-A nucleotide substitution at base 1564 of GPIIIa cDNA,which leads to a single amino acid difference, Arg/Gln at amino acid 489 of GPIIIa. We developed a PCR-RFLP method to determine the genotypes of Ca/Tu and their frequencies in a Japanese population. Fifteen Ca/Tu(a) donors comprising 1 Ca/Tu(a/a) homozygous donor and 14 Ca/Tu(a/b) heterozygous donors were found among the 314 random donors analyzed. The frequencies of Ca/Tu genes were 0.025 (Ca/Tu(a)) and 0.975 (Ca/Tu(b)). The present study showed that the frequency of Ca/Tu[l individuals in the Japanese (15/314) was approximately 7-fold higher than in the Finnish population (1/150) previously reported by Kekomäki et al. Therefore, attention must be given to the involvement of the Ca/Tu alloantigen in neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia and the refractoriness of platelet transfusion.
Potassium homeostasis in liver cirrhosis. (1988)

Extrarenal mechanisms are important in the defense against hyperkalemia. During a potassium load, cellular uptake is essential to avoid severe hyperkalemia. Liver and muscles represent the major buffering system, partially mediated by insulin, in the distribution of potassium between intracellular and extracellular fluids. To study the potential role of the liver, we administered an oral load of potassium (0.75 mEq/kg) to nine male patients with compensated cirrhosis and ten normal subjects of similar age, sex, and weight. Despite identical renal excretion, cirrhotic patients had higher potassium levels two and three hours after oral administration. Moreover, only cirrhotic patients presented a clear-cut increase in serum C-peptide concentration after the potassium load without any change in glucose level. It is likely that, in cirrhosis, liver failure contributes to the decrease in hepatic cellular potassium uptake despite insulin hypersecretion.
[2 or 4 daily doses of cimetidine in the treatment of gastric ulcer?]. (1984)

In a randomized multicentre study of 149 patients with gastric ulcer the effect of 1000 mg cimetidine daily applied in four separate doses was compared to that of 400 mg cimetidine twice a day. In both patient groups similar healing rates were observed. 80.3% and 74.0%, respectively, of the ulcers healed within 6 weeks, and 93.8% and 90.3%, respectively, within 10 weeks. Abdominal pain and antacid consumption decreased under both regimens to a similar degree. Drug safety was good. Lower cost and simplicity in the administration make the b. i. d. regimen of cimetidine preferable to the q. i. d. regimen in the acute treatment of gastric ulcer.