gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning in Animals (2015)

Several articles have showed the effect of ALP toxicity on different organs. Toxicity mechanisms are not clearly understood yet. Due to the potential increased use of ALP as a fumigant and the lack of adequate toxicity data, previous studies were re-evaluated to characterize the epidemiological, toxicological, and clinical/ pathological aspects of ALP poisoning and its management. Related terms were looked up in bibliographical databases such as the Tehran University Medical Science Digital Library, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and British library. The studies suggest that phosphine targets the mitochondria and inhibits respiration in rat liver mitochondria, insect mitochondria, and intact nematodes. On the other hand, glutathione (GSH) levels are reduced in various tissues of ALP-poisoned rats, while remaining unchanged in insects and mammalian cells. Also, acetylcholine signaling is an important component of phosphine toxicity. Phosphine (PH3) induces oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in insects, mammalian cells, and other animals. There is no known antidote for ALP intoxication; but, melatonin as an effective antidote protects against oxidative damage in the brain, lung, and liver of the rats and suggests the involvement of ROS in the genotoxicity of PH3. Cholinesterase inhibition responds to treatment with atropine, pralidoxime, and oral sweet almond oil, especially if used immediately after ALP poisoning. Several treatments have been used in animals some of which have not been tested in human-beings yet. Such treatments should be given in controlled situations with the hope they may be helpful in treating these patients.
Critical Diplomatic Editing: Applying text-critical principles as algorithms (2017)

The "usefulness" of a critical apparatus depends both on the editor's judgment of what to include or exclude and also on a given reader's needs, which may or may not align with the editor's critical principles. The challenge, then, is to make the critical apparatus flexible – to allow the reader to change the level of detail presented in the apparatus, on demand. In this paper, I will present a hypertext edition and an open-source software platform currently in development that performs automatic collation on demand and generates an apparatus for a base text and a set of variant texts, with constraints on the level of detail to be included in the apparatus that can be adjusted by the reader. These constraints are essentially the reader's text-critical principles, expressed as parameters that guide the collation algorithm. I will consider the specific challenges and solutions of such a platform as they relate to the presentation of Sanskrit texts as well as the general scholarly aims that I hope to achieve by producing such a work.
Dipeptidyl peptidase I regulates the development of collagen‐induced arthritis (2005)

These results indicate that DPPI regulates a critical step in the development of CIA that is independent of T cell and B cell functions.
Mechanism of the reaction of dithiols with flavins (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanism of the reaction of dithiols with flavinsEdward L. Loechler and Thomas C. HollocherCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 11, 3235–3237Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00844a062https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00844a062research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views153Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A cladistic analysis of species of Lambis (Gastropoda : Strombidae) (2001)

A cladistic analysis of the 9 species currently classified as the genus Lambis (Abbott, 1961) was conducted. Three species in the genus Strombus (Abbott, 1960) were used as outgroups. Features of the radula, soft anatomy, and shell were coded as binary ch
Heat Setting of Protein and Cellulosic Fibers (1964)

It is shown in this paper that protein and cellulosic fibers can be heat set at tempera tures above 100° C and moisture regains varying from that corresponding to 65% RH to the saturated value providing the moisture regain is kept constant during the treatment. No chemicals need to be added before or during the treatment.
All-optical gain-controlled bidirectional optical add-drop multiplexer (2004)

A new all-optical gain-controlled bidirectional optical add-drop multiplexer (BOADM) for use in single-fiber bidirectional networks is demonstrated. The BOADM uses amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise path through optical circulators (OCs) to achieve constant gain and low noise figure over a large range of input power. Moreover, the device has low crosstalk, is flexible, and removes Rayleigh backscattering and out-of-band ASE noise.
Dynamic DDoS Defense Resource Allocation using Network Function Virtualization (2017)

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) is one of the most common but destructive kind of cyberattacks. The DDoS attack traffic vastly includes the SYN packets. To handle excessive DDoS traffic without large impact on the benign traffic, it is important to allocate sufficient resource for the defense. With the support from Network Function Virtualization (NFV) technology, this can be done in a significantly lower lower cost, with higher flexibility. In this work, we propose a DDoS defense mechanism based on Network Function Virtualization platform, which is capable to balance with the attack load. Our proposed mechanism uses dynamic network agents to intercept packets when the system experiences DDoS attack. In particular, we focus on the mechanism that deploys virtual agents dynamically according to the attack strength. The corresponding load-balancing algorithm dynamically determines the number of agents to allocate for defending the attack traffic. Our simulation results demonstrate that the mechanism can successfully defeat the DDoS attacks with different attack intensities, while it incurs minimal performance degradation on the benign traffic and keeps the increase in the server's response time sufficiently low compared to that of a successful DDoS attack.
Sleep Duration and Sleep Quality in Relation to 12-Year Cardiovascular Disease Incidence: The MORGEN Study (2011)

Short sleepers, especially those with poor sleep quality, have an increased risk of total CVD and CHD incidence. Future investigations should not only focus on sleep duration, but should also take sleep quality into account.
Global Trends in Total Ozone (1988)

Satellite ozone data from the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer from 1979 through 1986 show that recent decreases of total ozone have not been confined to the Antarctic spring season (the Antarctic ozone hole), but are global in extent. The losses are about twice the estimated uncertainty in the satellite data. The decreases are largest in middle and high latitudes and occur in all seasons of the year. The decreases for this 8-year period are comparable in magnitude to the increases observed during the 1960s. Southern Hemisphere values from 1986 are generally greater than those from 1985.
Umbelliferone and Esculetin: Inhibitors or Substrates for Polyphenol Oxidases? (2008)

Recently, an interesting debate arose about the nature (substrate versus inhibitor) of esculetin, a coumarin derivative, for mushroom polyphenol oxidase (PPO). The present study examined the behavior of PPOs preparations from fungal and plant origin towards esculetin as a substrate. Both enzymes were able to oxidize esculetin though at a slow rate. A higher sensitivity was reached when the assay was performed in the presence of 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrazone (MBTH) even with a lower amount of PPO. These observations unambiguously confirmed that esculetin has to be considered a substrate for mushroom polyphenol oxidase. The oxidation of esculetin was also demonstrated for the first time by a fungal laccase. This should be taken into account because some mushroom PPO preparations could exert contaminant laccase activity. In addition, a PPO preparation from Ferula communis was demonstrated to use esculetin as a substrate. Umbelliferone, the monophenolic precursor of esculetin along the phenylpropanoid pathway, behaved as a competitive inhibitor for the monophenolase activity of mushroom PPO with a K(i) value=0.014 mM. This is worth a mention because only a few couples of mono- and corresponding o-diphenol show such opposite behavior towards PPO. A possible role of PPO in the esculetin fate along biosynthesis pathway of coumarin derivatives is also discussed.
Interview with Achmat Dangor (2002)

South African writer Achmat Dangor was born in 1948, as the Nationalist government — the architects of Apartheid — came to power. In 1973 he was banned for five years for his involvement in the radical black cultural group Black Thoughts, which he had helped to establish. Although forbidden to attend public gatherings and publish any of his writing during that time, Dangor wrote in secret and, in the 1980s, helped found the Congress of South African Writers (COSAW), a group of mainly black writers dedicated to the freedom struggle. From 1986 to 1991 he was executive director of the rural development agency Kagiso Trust, and in 1992 taught South African literature and creative writing at the City University of New York. He was subsequently appointed Director of the Independent Development Trust and, in 1999, was made Chief Executive Officer of the Nelson Mandela Children’s Fund. Alongside his work in the development field he continued to write, and has published seven works of fiction and poetry to date. These include two collections of poetry, Bulldozer (1989) and Private Voices (1993), a short story collection (Waiting for Leila, 1982), a play (Majiet, 1986), and three novels, The Z Town Trilogy (1990), Kafka’s Curse (1997) and Bitter Fruit (2001). He has won many literary prizes, including the 1998 Herman Charles Bosman Prize for Kafka’s Curse, a novel which is in its second edition and has been translated into seven languages. In July 2001 he relocated to New York where he is currently working on his next novel. In March this year he returned to South Africa to participate in the Time of the Writer Festival in Durban.
Water quality criteria for farming the grass shrimp, Penaeus monodon (1985)

PLEASE SCROLL DOWN TO SEE THE FULL TEXT To cite this document : Chen, H-C (1985). Water quality criteria for farming the grass shrimp, Penaeus monodon (Abtract only). In Taki Y., Primavera J.H. and Llobrera J.A. (Eds.). Proceedings of the First International Conference on the Culture of Penaeid Prawns/Shrimps, 47 December 1984, Iloilo City, Philippines (p.165). Iloilo City Philippines: Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center.
Comparison of polynomial-oriented computer algebra systems (1999)

Exact symbolic computation with polynomials and matrices over polynomial rings has wide applicability to many fields [Hereman96, Lewis99]. By "exact symbolic", we mean computation with polynomials whose coefficients are integers (of any size), rational numbers, or from finite fields, as opposed to coefficients that are "floats" of a certain precision. Such computation is part of most computer algebra (CA) systems. Over the last dozen years, several large CA systems have become widely available, such as Axiom, Derive, Macsyma, Maple, Mathematica and Reduce. They tend to have great breadth, be produced by profit-making companies, and be relatively expensive, at least for a full blown non-student version. However, most if not all of these systems have difficulty computing with the polynomials and matrices that arise in actual research. Real problems tend to produce large polynomials and large matrices that the general CA systems cannot handle [Lewis99].In the last few years, several smaller CA systems focused on polynomials have been produced at universities by individual researchers or small teams. They run on Macs, PCs and workstations. They are freeware or shareware. Several claim to be much more efficient than the large systems at exact polynomial computations. The list of these systems includes CoCoA, Fermat, MuPAD, Pari-Gp and Singular [CoCoA, Fermat, MuPAD, Pari-Gp, Singular].In this paper, we compare these small systems to each other and to two of the large systems (Magma and Maple) on a set of problems involving exact symbolic computation with polynomials and matrices. The problems here involve:&bull; the ground rings Z, Q, Z /p and other finite fields&bull; basic arithmetic of polynomials over the ground ring&bull; basic arithmetic of rational functions over the ground ring&bull; polynomial evaluation (substitution)&bull; matrix normal forms&bull; determinants and characteristic polynomials&bull; GCDs of multivariate polynomials&bull; resultants
COMPOSICIÓN SONORA VISUAL, EN EL MUSEO EXPERIMENTAL EL ECO (2008)

CON EL PROPOSITO DE MEZCLAR EL ARTE VISUAL CON EL SONORO, EL MUSICO Y PEDAGOGO MANUEL ROCHA ITURBIDE EXPONE COMPOSICIONES, EN EL MUSEO EXPERIMENTAL EL ECO, MUESTRA QUE PERMANECER  ABIERTA AL PUBLICO HASTA EL 23 DE NOVIEMBRE. PARA EL AUTOR, ESTE TRABAJO HACE UNA PAR FRASIS DE LA OBRA DEL PINTOR WASSILY KANDINSKY, QUIEN CREO UNA SERIE DE RETRATOS CON EL MISMO NOMBRE, EN UNA EPOCA DONDE TENIA UNA RELACION ESTRECHA CON ARNOLD SCH”NBERG, EL CREADOR DEL SISTEMA DODECAFONICO, GENERANDO UNA SINESTESIA ENTRE LO VISUAL Y LO SONORO. LA EXHIBICION LA CONFORMAN FOTOGRAFIAS MONTADAS EN LA SALA PRINCIPAL Y DOS INSTALACIONES SONORAS, UNA EN EL VENTANAL DEL MUSEO Y OTRA EN LA SALA DANIEL MONT. SE RESENAN LAS PIEZAS EXPUESTAS; ASIMISMO, SE EXPLICA QUE LAS FOTOGRAFIAS DE LA EXHIBICION COMPRENDEN EL PERIODO ENTRE 1998 A 2002, Y EST N RELACIONADAS CON IM GENES RITMICAS, CAOS, ENTROPIA, ELEMENTOS TAMBIEN UTILIZADOS PARA SUS COMPOSICIONES DE MUSICA CONTEMPOR NEA. EL OBJETIVO, AGREGO ROCHA, ES MOSTRAR COMO ALGUIEN PUEDE LOGRAR UNA EXPOSICION TANTO SONORA COMO VISUALMENTE Y CREAR UNA SINESTESIA. PARA EL ARTISTA, EL SONIDO ES UNA FORMA DE ENCUENTRO. EL PODEMOS UBICARNOS EN UN ENTORNO Y, DEPENDIENDO DE LA SENSIBILIDAD, DEFINIR NUESTRO PAPEL FRENTE AL MISMO. EL SONIDO ES UN SUCESO FISICO CUYA NATURALEZA EST  CONFIGURADA POR FENOMENOS CONCERNIENTES A ONDAS EL STICAS, POR LO GENERAL AUDIBLES. ROCHA HA SIDO FRECUENTEMENTE INVITADO A EXPONER SUS OBRAS EN FOROS Y GALERIAS DENTRO Y FUERA DEL PAIS. EN 1983, DESPUES DE ESTUDIAR PEDAGOGIA MUSICAL EN LYON, FRANCIA, COMENZO SU CARRERA COMO COMPOSITOR EN LA ESCUELA NACIONAL DE MUSICA DE LA UNAM. EL EXTREMO ACADEMICISMO EN ESA INSTITUCION LO IMPULSO A EXPLORAR OTROS CAMINOS CREATIVOS ADEM S DEL MUSICAL, LO CUAL LO LLEVO A PRACTICAR LA FOTOGRAFIA EN EL TALLER DE LOS LUNES, UN ESPACIO ORGANIZADO POR PEDRO MEYER, PRECURSOR EN FOTOGRAFIA DIGITAL EN MEXICO.
Intergenerational 20 year trends in the prevalence of asthma and hay fever in adults: the Midspan family study surveys of parents and offspring (2000)

The prevalence of asthma in adults has increased more than twofold in 20 years, largely in association with trends in atopy, as measured indirectly by the prevalence of hay fever. No evidence was found for an increase in diagnostic awareness being responsible for the trend in atopic asthma, but increased awareness may account for trends in non-atopic asthma.
Report of the ACRL Task Force on Electronic Publishing. Final Report. (1996)

The final report of the ACRL Task Force on Electronic Publishing is presented here. Some of the conclusions reached by the Task Force call for action, while others require more study; all are summarized below.
Single electron transfer promoted photocyclization reactions of (aminoalkyl)cyclohexenones. Mechanistic and synthetic features of processes involving the generation and reactions of amine cation and .alpha.-amino radicals (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSingle electron transfer promoted photocyclization reactions of (aminoalkyl)cyclohexenones. Mechanistic and synthetic features of processes involving the generation and reactions of amine cation and .alpha.-amino radicalsWei Xu, Xiao Ming Zhang, and Patrick S. MarianoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 23, 8863–8878Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00023a039https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00023a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1174Altmetric-Citations95LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Equity Effects of Increasing-Block Electricity Pricing (2008)

Utility regulators frequently attempt to use tariff structures to pursue both distributional and efficiency goals. Efficiency necessitates setting prices as close to marginal costs as possible while still allowing the firm to cover its costs. The common distributional goal is to protect low-income customers from high prices. Perhaps nowhere is the conflict between these goals greater than in the use of increasing-block residential utility pricing, in which the marginal price to the customer increases as the customerâs usage rises. Since the 2000-01 California electricity crisis, the state has adopted some of the most steeply increasing-block tariffs in electric utility history, but the distributional and efficiency effects have not been analyzed in detail. Using a novel approach for matching customer bill data with census data on area income distributions, I derive estimates of the income redistribution effected by the increasing-block tariffs used by California regulated electric utilities. I find that the rate structure does redistribute income to lower-income groups, but that the effect is fairly modest, particularly compared to a means-tested program also in use. While the distributional impact of these tariffs do not seem to be large, the efficiency costs may not be great either. Examining the distribution of customer demand quantities, I find preliminary evidence that customers do not respond to the increasing marginal prices they face.
FOXO3A genotype is strongly associated with human longevity (2008)

Human longevity is a complex phenotype with a significant familial component, yet little is known about its genetic antecedents. Increasing evidence from animal models suggests that the insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) pathway is an important, evolutionarily conserved biological pathway that influences aging and longevity. However, to date human data have been scarce. Studies have been hampered by small sample sizes, lack of precise phenotyping, and population stratification, among other challenges. Therefore, to more precisely assess potential genetic contributions to human longevity from genes linked to IIS signaling, we chose a large, homogeneous, long-lived population of men well-characterized for aging phenotypes, and we performed a nested-case control study of 5 candidate longevity genes. Genetic variation within the FOXO3A gene was strongly associated with human longevity. The OR for homozygous minor vs. homozygous major alleles between the cases and controls was 2.75 (P = 0.00009; adjusted P = 0.00135). Long-lived men also presented several additional phenotypes linked to healthy aging, including lower prevalence of cancer and cardiovascular disease, better self-reported health, and high physical and cognitive function, despite significantly older ages than controls. Several of these aging phenotypes were associated with FOXO3A genotype. Long-lived men also exhibited several biological markers indicative of greater insulin sensitivity and this was associated with homozygosity for the FOXO3A GG genotype. Further exploration of the FOXO3A gene, human longevity and other aging phenotypes is warranted in other populations.
Robust damping controls for large power systems (1989)

A perspective on the need for robust damping controls in the extensive power system that serves western North America is offered. Key issues include the dynamics of the power system, known threats to controller robustness, and the information-poor environment in which major damping controllers must be designed and operated. The discussion covers power system stability control, reactive-power modulation in the main area, small-signal response during system disturbances, system dynamics tests at the Celilo HVDC terminal, and HVDC modulation and interactions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Bactericidal Properties of Chlorsulfamates (1972)

The low bactericidal potency of dichlorsulfamate and the apparent nonexistent bactericidal potency of monochlorsulfamate counter-indicate the use of sulfamate ion as a chlorine stabilizer and sulfamic acid as a pH regulator in swimming pool water. The germicidal potency of dichlorsulfamate increases with increasing pH. It is markedly greater than that of monochlorsulfamate and it is markedly less than that of either hypochlorous acid or chloramide. Concentrations of dichlorsulfamate equivalent to 2.0 mg per 1, 4.0 mg per 1, and 8.0 mg per 1 chlorine require 57 min, 36 min, and 24.5 min, respectively, to effect 99% kills of E. coli at pH 7.0 and 20°C. The presence of ammonia in aqueous solution with dichlorsulfamate enhances the germicidal potency of the chlorine originally present in the form of dichlorsulfamate due to the chemical reactivity of dichlorsulfamate as a N-chlorination agent.