gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
p161, a murine membrane protein expressed on mast cells and some macrophages, is mouse CD13/aminopeptidase N (1996)

pl6l is a membrane glycoprotein expressed on mast cells and on activated macrophages but on few if any other cells of hematopoietic lineages. Its lack of expression on basophils makes it useful to distinguish mast cells from basophils and aids in the analysis of mast cells and their precursors. p161 was purified from the mast cell line CFTL-12 by affinity chromatography and subjected to limited proteolysis. The sequences of the resultant peptides indicated that p161 is homologous with rat and human CD13/aminopeptidase N. Using oligonucleotide primers derived from rat CD13 cDNA, a mouse cDNA was obtained. Its deduced amino acid sequence displays 87% identity with rat CD13 and 76 % identity with human CD13. Expression of the mouse cDNA in M12 cells, which are p161 negative, renders these cells positive for staining with the monoclonal anti-p161 Ab, K-1. Furthermore, a mAb raised against partially purified mouse intestinal aminopeptidase N specifically blocked the binding of K-1 to both CFTL-12 cells and the transfected M12 cells. These results strongly indicate that mouse p161 is CD13/aminopeptidase N. Northern blot analysis shows that p161 mRNA is most abundantly expressed in the intestinal tract and kidney and is present in liver, lymph node, spleen, and brain.
Potential and drawbacks of microbiology–membrane interaction in membrane bioreactors (2005)

Abstract In membrane bioreactors (MBRs), biomass and membranes interact in a number of ways, making it difficult to extrapolate phenomena and models known from conventional activated sludge processes. Originally, MBRs were thought to enable immense process intensifications through very high MLSS (mixed liquor suspended solid) concentrations and resulting low footprint. Economic considerations, however, currently lead to lower concentrations because high biomass content impedes oxygen transfer and increases sludge viscosity. On the other hand, the interactions can lead to a number of new potentials, which as yet were unknown in each unit operation individually such as increased removal efficiencies through a change in the microbial community or sludge age. Here, both potentials and limits of biomass–membrane interactions are reviewed with a focus on recent results from Europe, especially from Germany. © 2005 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2005
Derivative Particles for Simulating Detailed Movements of Fluids (2007)

We present a new fluid simulation technique that significantly reduces the nonphysical dissipation of velocity. The proposed method is based on an apt use of particles and derivative information. We note that a major source of numerical dissipation in the conventional Navier-Stokes equations solver lies in the advection step. Hence, starting with the conventional grid-based simulator, when the details of fluid movements need to be simulated, we replace the advection part with a particle simulator. When swapping between the grid-based and particle-based simulators, the physical quantities such as the level set and velocity must be converted. For this purpose, we develop a novel dissipation-suppressing conversion procedure that utilizes the derivative information stored in the particles, as well as in the grid points. For the fluid regions where such details are not needed, the advection is simulated using an octree-based constrained interpolation profile (CIP) solver, which we develop in this work. Through several experiments, we show that the proposed technique can reproduce the detailed movements of high-Reynolds-number fluids such as droplets/bubbles, thin water sheets, and whirlpools. The increased accuracy in the advection, which forms the basis of the proposed technique, can also be used to produce better results in larger scale fluid simulations.
<i>JAK2</i>V617F monitoring in polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia: Clinical usefulness for predicting myelofibrotic transformation and thrombotic events (2014)

The JAK2V617F allele burden has been identified as a risk factor for vascular events and myelofibrotic transformation in polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET). However, all previous studies have evaluated a single time point JAK2V617F measurement. Therefore, the frequency and the clinical significance of changes in the JAK2V617F mutant load occurring during the disease evolution remain unknown. In the present study, JAK2V617F monitoring was performed during the follow-up of 347 patients (PV = 163, ET = 184). According to their JAK2V617F evolutionary patterns, patients were stratified as stable < 50% (n = 261), stable ≥50% (n = 52), progressive increase (n = 24) and unexplained decrease (n = 10). After a 2,453 person-years follow-up, a total of 59 thrombotic events, 16 major hemorrhages, and 27 cases of myelofibrotic transformations were registered. At multivariate analyses, patients with a persistently high (≥50%) or unsteady JAK2V617F load during follow-up had an increased risk of myelofibrotic transformation (Incidence rate ratio [IRR]: 20.7, 95% CI: 6.5-65.4; P < 0.001) and a trend for a higher incidence of thrombosis (IRR: 1.7, 1-3.3; P = 0.05) than patients with a stable allele burden below 50%. In conclusion, JAK2V617F monitoring could be useful in patients with PV and ET for predicting disease's complications, especially myelofibrotic transformation.
The effect of clopidogrel, aspirin and both antiplatelet drugs on platelet function in patients with peripheral arterial disease (2004)

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is associated with platelet hyperactivity. Aspirin and clopidogrel, two platelet inhibitors, act by different mechanisms. Aspirin inhibits thromboxane A2 synthesis and clopidogrel acts on the P2Y12 platelet ADP receptor. We evaluated the effect of clopidogrel (75 mg/day), aspirin (75 mg/day) and then both drugs on several platelet function indices in patients with PAD (n = 20). There was a significant (P = 0.0001) decrease in ADP-induced aggregation, after clopidogrel but not after taking aspirin. Clopidogrel plus aspirin significantly decreased spontaneous platelet aggregation (SPA) (P = 0.01 to P = 0.002) but SPA was not significantly altered by either aspirin or clopidogrel monotherapy. Similarly, monotherapy did not inhibit serotonin (5HT)-induced aggregation but there was a sigificant inhibition (P = 0.03 to P < 0.02) after combination therapy. ADP (0.8 microM)-induced platelet shape change (PSC) was significantly inhibited by clopidogrel (P = 0.004) or aspirin (P = 0.01). This was also true for 5HT-induced PSC (clopidogrel, P = 0.01; aspirin, P = 0.03). Soluble P-selectin decreased significantly (from 32 +/- 24 to 25 +/- 17 ng/ml, P = 0.04) with combination therapy. Plasma platelet-derived growth factor and intraplatelet 5HT levels were not altered by combination therapy. In PAD, clopidogrel is a more potent inhibitor of ADP-induced platelet activation than aspirin; combination therapy is more effective than clopidogrel or aspirin monotherapy. These potentially clinically relevant findings should be evaluated in appropriately designed trials.
Homologous pigmentation mutations in human, mouse and other model organisms (1997)

Mouse coat colour genes have long been studied as a paradigm for genetic interactions in development. A number of these genes have been cloned and most correspond to human genetic disease loci. The proteins encoded by these genes include transcription factors, receptor tyrosine kinases and growth factors, G-protein coupled receptors and their ligands, membrane proteins, structural proteins and enzymes. Many of the mutations have pleiotropic effects, indicating that these proteins play a wider role in developmental or cellular processes. In this review I tabulate the available data on all pigmentation genes cloned from mouse or human, and I focus on three particular systems. One family of genes, including LYST and HPS/ep, shows the relationship between melanosomes and lysosomes. The G-protein coupled receptor, endothelin receptor-B, and its ligand, endothelin-3, are required for the development of both melanocytes and enteric neurons. The melanocortin-1 receptor is expressed only on melanocytes, but mutations that cause overexpression of agouti protein, an antagonist of the receptor, result in obesity, and highlight a role of melanocortins in weight homoeostasis.
Diagnostic strategies of superficial <scp>B</scp>arrett's esophageal cancer for endoscopic submucosal dissection (2013)

The indication of endoscopic submucosal dissection for Barrett's esophageal adenocarcinoma (BEA) is superficial BEA without lymph node metastasis. The characteristic endoscopic findings of superficial BEA are elevation, depression, and color change. Indigocarmine spreading is useful for the diagnosis of lateral extension. It is a simple and easy enhancement method. The observation of surface and vascular pattern by magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging is also useful for the diagnosis of lateral extension. The incidence of gastric cancer is high in Japan. The majority of early gastric cancer is detected by conventional endoscopy without random biopsy, or target biopsydiagnosis. The background mucosa of gastric cancer has gastritis, and the carcinogenesis based on inflammation is the same as early BEA. However, random biopsy remains the universal standard for early detection of Barrett's high-grade dysplasia and superficial BEA. A surveillance system that does not use random biopsy can and should be established using high-resolution endoscopy with target biopsy.
Design of TETRA-based Dedicated Radio Dispatching System of Urban Rail Transit (2013)

The use of IP-based TETRA dedicated dispatching system design can enhance the system reliability, flexibility and scalability. In this paper, we propose the software architecture of dispatching server and dispatching client to achieve the necessary commanding and dispatching functions of the trunked system such as calling, monitoring and dynamic grouping. All of these measures have an important significance for the security of the safe operation of urban rail transit, the increase in system transportation capacity and the improvement of punctuality and the alleviation of dispatching work intensity.
The Influence of Viscosity on Fluorescence‐Quantum‐Yields of a Polymethine‐Dye Dichinolyl‐Cyano‐Methane (1980)

Abstract Among a series of heteroannular polymethines, Dichinolyl‐Cyano‐Methane excells by its large dynamic range of fluorescence‐quantum‐yield in response to solvent fluidity. The excited‐state‐dynamics of this probe and the influences of various solvents on it are studied and compared with expectations from current models of the subject. A pronounced viscosity(temperature)‐dependent D‐effect on fluorescence‐quantum‐yield in fluid solution was found and explained by coupling of the dominant and viscosity‐dependent relaxationmode to a intramolecular H/D‐bridge‐potential. The observations presented indicate, that Dichinolyl‐Cyano‐Methane may serve as a diagnostic tool in future studies on fluid‐dynamics.
Identification of linear parameter-varying state-space models with application to helicopter rotor dynamics (2004)

A considerable amount of work has been dedicated in the past to the problem of the system identification of helicopter flight dynamics, while much less activity has been oriented to the goal of developing suitable identification procedures for rotor dynamics, mainly because of the difficulties associated with the task. This paper shows that subspace and optimization based identification techniques can be used to determine discrete-time linear parameter-varying models that have the potential to provide accurate descriptions for the (intrinsically time-varying) dynamics of a rotor blade. The identification techniques are presented and applied to simulated data generated by a physical model that describes the out-of-plane bending dynamics of a helicopter rotor blade.
Clay Minerals of the Outcropping Basal Cretaceous Beds Between the Cape Fear River, North Carolina, and Lynches River, South Carolina (1958)

Abstract The basal Cretaceous beds of the area are subdivided into three units: the Cape Fear formation, Middendorf formation and Bladen member of the Black Creek formation. Stratigraphic position and lithology indicate that the Cape Fear is the oldest and the Middendorf is in part the landward facies of the Bladen. The Middendorf sediments are fluviatile and the Cape Fear and Bladen sediments are probably marine. The Cape Fear and Bladen contain abundant montmorillonite, some kaolinite and lesser amounts of illite. In the Middendorf kaolinite predominates, although a few samples have small amounts of montmorillonite and illite. Preliminary data indicate that in the Cretaceous-Tertiary sediments of the Atlantic Coastal Plain, montmorillonite occurs in abundance in the marine beds and kaolinite in the nonmarine sediments. The basal Cretaceous beds of the area studied fit into this scheme of clay mineral distribution. The origin of the clay minerals of the Cretaceous formations studied is approached from sedimentary and empirical standpoints. The montmorillonite-marine and kaolinite-nonmarine associations strongly suggest that the montmorillonite has formed by marine diegenesis, whereas the sedimentary evidence suggests that the montmorillonite of the Cape Fear formation is detrital and the kaolinite of the Middendorf formation has formed by prolonged postdepositional weathering of a more varied clay mineral assemblage. The sediments of the Bladen unit in themselves offer little evidence as to the origin of their clay minerals. However, the predominance of kaolinite in the contemporary deltaic Bladen suggest that kaolinite was the only clay mineral supplied to the depositional area, and that in the marine part of the sedimentation area part of this kaolinite was changed to montmorillonite by marine diagnetic processes.
Novel Modeling and Control of Doubly-Fed Variable-Speed Constant-Frequency Wind Power Generator (2007)

Reasonable modeling and control is of significance for theory study and practical operation of doubly-fed variable speed constant frequency (DFVSCF) wind power generator. Two sorts of simulation models called no-load model and generation model were obtained through linearization and discretization of the state equations of doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG), which was derived from the DFIG model in synchronously rotating reference frame. Both models work in coordination one after another to achieve the whole simulation of DFIG before and after grid-connection. Based on the field-oriented vector control technique, the decoupling control of output power of DFIG, together with grid synchronization, was investigated. The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) was realized by control of DFIG active power. The simulation results, which are highly consistent with the experiment results, verify the validity and correctness of the theoretical analysis and control strategy proposed by this paper.
Conference on "Intelligence and the Threat from International Terrorism" Zagreb, Croatia, November 30 - December 01, 2001 (2001)

Kerr: They didn't follow their own creed very well.Smith: Smith: You're right that they did break all their rules.However, I think that the terrorists probably thought they were following their rules.We must remember that most people, but particularly fanatics, are able to convince themselves that what they are doing is right and consistent with their own rules.They set up rules and they believe they're following them.Boyadjiev: Boyadjiev: Since we will be talking about the politics and sociology of terrorism, I thought it would be interesting to share this.Tuman: Tuman: There is probably an explanation for
A new nondestructive cytometric assay based on resazurin metabolism and an organ culture model for the assessment of corneal viability (2003)

The resazurin metabolism test can be used to evaluate corneal viability and can thus be a potential alternative for toxicological assessments. This assay allows rapid assessment of non destructed samples, with simple equipment and at a reduced cost for continuous monitoring of corneal viability and possibly other three-dimensional cellular models.
A preparation of murine liver fragments for in vitro studies: liver preparation for toxicological studies (2013)

The described liver tissue preparation demonstrates stable hepatocyte structure, ultrastructure and biomarkers for up to 6 h, permitting in vitro studies.
Parallelring: a token ring local area network with concurrency (1986)

In this dissertation the Parallelring, a new token ring local area network, is introduced. The Parallelring is distinguished from earlier ring architectures by its ability to concurrently support multiple communication paths on a single loop in an efficient and fair manner. This is accomplished by allowing more than one station to transmit a variable-length packet at a time. According to simulation studies, the Parallelring exhibits better throughput-delay characteristics than the standard token ring and the register insertion ring. In addition, the Parallelring is completely decentralized and is adaptable to system growth.
The topology of the Parallelring may affect the number of multiple concurrent communication paths and, hence, the throughput-delay characteristics. An optimization method is developed to determine the topology that minimizes the delay for given workloads.
Deep Region and Multi-label Learning for Facial Action Unit Detection (2016)

Region learning (RL) and multi-label learning (ML) have recently attracted increasing attentions in the field of facial Action Unit (AU) detection. Knowing that AUs are active on sparse facial regions, RL aims to identify these regions for a better specificity. On the other hand, a strong statistical evidence of AU correlations suggests that ML is a natural way to model the detection task. In this paper, we propose Deep Region and Multi-label Learning (DRML), a unified deep network that simultaneously addresses these two problems. One crucial aspect in DRML is a novel region layer that uses feed-forward functions to induce important facial regions, forcing the learned weights to capture structural information of the face. Our region layer serves as an alternative design between locally connected layers (i.e., confined kernels to individual pixels) and conventional convolution layers (i.e., shared kernels across an entire image). Unlike previous studies that solve RL and ML alternately, DRML by construction addresses both problems, allowing the two seemingly irrelevant problems to interact more directly. The complete network is end-to-end trainable, and automatically learns representations robust to variations inherent within a local region. Experiments on BP4D and DISFA benchmarks show that DRML performs the highest average F1-score and AUC within and across datasets in comparison with alternative methods.
A novel technique and structure for the measurement of intrinsic stress and Young's modulus of thin films (2003)

A novel technique and test structure to measure the intrinsic stress and Young's modulus on thin films with better than 10% accuracy has been developed. The structure is a doubly supported beam that is driven electrostatically by a capacitive drive electrode in the middle of the beam. The characteristic pull-in voltage of the beam is used to measure the intrinsic stress and Young's modulus of thin films. An intrinsic stress of 1.83*10/sup 7/ Pa and a Young's modulus of 2.2*10/sup 11/ Pa for heavily boron-doped silicon structures have been measured. The technique can be easily applied to a number of other thin films including polysilicon and silicon nitride. The test structure occupies a small area.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Design of a Magnetic Field-Based Multi Degree-of-Freedom Orientation Sensor Using the Distributed-Multiple-Pole Model (2007)

Precision control of a tiltable spinning shaft requires real-time measurement of the inclination. Conventional single-axis encoders, though capable of providing high-resolution (linear or angular) measurements, rely on mechanical linkages (that often introduce frictions, backlashes, and singularities) to constrain the device so that the three-DOF motion can be deduced from the individual orthogonal measurements. Vision-based sensors, which have the attractive features of being non-contact, are limited to low speed measurements. We present here an efficient method for designing a magnetic field-based orientation sensor for devices where orientation control of a rotating shaft under the influence of a magnetic field is required. The ability to characterize the magnetic fields and forces in addition to orientation sensing can offer a number of advantages in real-time computation and control.
Thresholding neural network for adaptive noise reduction (2001)

In the paper, a type of thresholding neural network (TNN) is developed for adaptive noise reduction. New types of soft and hard thresholding functions are created to serve as the activation function of the TNN. Unlike the standard thresholding functions, the new thresholding functions are infinitely differentiable. By using the new thresholding functions, some gradient-based learning algorithms become possible or more effective. The optimal solution of the TNN in a mean square error (MSE) sense is discussed. It is proved that there is at most one optimal solution for the soft-thresholding TNN. General optimal performances of both soft and hard thresholding TNNs are analyzed and compared to the linear noise reduction method. Gradient-based adaptive learning algorithms are presented to seek the optimal solution for noise reduction. The algorithms include supervised and unsupervised batch learning as well as supervised and unsupervised stochastic learning. It is indicated that the TNN with the stochastic learning algorithms can be used as a novel nonlinear adaptive filter. It is proved that the stochastic learning algorithm is convergent in certain statistical sense in ideal conditions. Numerical results show that the TNN is very effective in finding the optimal solutions of thresholding methods in an MSE sense and usually outperforms other noise reduction methods. Especially, it is shown that the TNN-based nonlinear adaptive filtering outperforms the conventional linear adaptive filtering in both optimal solution and learning performance.
Prosthetic patch stabilization of crural repair in antireflux surgery in children. (1998)

Nissen fundoplication is a frequently performed procedure by pediatric surgeons for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux. Reoperation for failed fundoplication is necessary in 10 per cent of children and in 25 per cent of neurologically impaired children. In an attempt to reduce the postoperative recurrence of gastroesophageal reflux and wrap herniation, we have modified our Nissen fundoplication by reinforcing the crural repair with a horseshoe-shaped prosthetic patch. Between 1993 and 1995, 38 children underwent a Nissen fundoplication with prosthetic patch crural repair. Tension-free crural repair was performed over an esophageal dilator by suturing a horseshoe-shaped Dacron patch posterior to the esophagus. After crural repair, the standard Nissen 360 degrees wrap was constructed. Of the 38 children, 56 per cent (n = 21) were neurologically impaired. In 18 per cent of patients, the operation was performed for recurrent reflux due to wrap herniation after a Nissen fundoplication without prosthetic patch repair. One child required esophageal dilatation postoperatively for dysphagia related to esophageal stenosis. After a mean follow-up of 15 months, all patients were without symptomatic reflux or had no radiographic evidence of recurrent reflux or wrap herniation. Tension-free crural repair with a prosthetic patch may decrease postoperative reflux and wrap herniation, particularly in neurologically impaired children and in children requiring reoperation for recurrent reflux.