gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
COX-2 selective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: current status. (2005)

Since, their introduction, COX (cyclooxygenase enzyme)-2 specific inhibitors have become a rapidly growing segment of the prescription drug market. Researchers have recently focused on the potentially lethal side effects associated with their. FDA has banned the use of nimesulide (hepatotoxic) in pediatric patients and rofecoxib (cardiovascular complications) in both adults and children. COX-2 inhibitors may decrease vascular prostacyclin production and may tip the balance in favour of prothrombotic eicosanoids (thromboxane A2) and lead to increased cardiovascular thrombotic events. COX-2 inhibitors can also result into increase blood pressure, macular eruptions, urticaria, pseudoporphyria, erythema multiforme, oedema, worsening of heart failure, fatal allergic vasculitis and aggravation of doxorubicin-mediated cardiac injury. The COX-2 enzyme is also involved in the development of many organ systems, and its inhibition may lead to various congenital defects in neonates. It has been reported that COX-2 inhibitors also interfere with implantation, hence their use should be avoided in sexually active women at risk of pregnancy. However, presently the choice of COX-2 selective inhibitors for a particular patient should be based upon their relative efficacy, toxicity, concomitant drug use, concurrent disease states, hepatic and renal function and relative cost.
Cognitive determinants of fixation location during picture viewing. (1978)

This experiment involved the question of where human observers look in a picture. The results indicated that observers fixate earlier, more often, and with longer durations on objects that have a low probability of appearing in a scene (e.g., an octopus in a farm scene) than on objects that have a high probability of appearing (e.g., a tractor in a farm scene). These findings (a) imply a role of cognitive factors in peripheral visual processing and (b) suggest a possible relationship between the nature of information initially acquired from a picture and subsequent recognition memory for that picture.
Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Characterisation of an Anti-Mouse TNF Receptor 1 Domain Antibody Formatted for In Vivo Half-Life Extension (2015)

Tumour Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) inhibition has been transformational in the treatment of patients with inflammatory disease, e.g. rheumatoid arthritis. Intriguingly, TNF-α signals through two receptors, TNFR1 and TNFR2, which have been associated with detrimental inflammatory and beneficial immune-regulatory processes, respectively. To investigate if selective TNFR1 inhibition might provide benefits over pan TNF-α inhibition, tools to investigate the potential impact of pharmacological intervention are needed. Receptor-deficient mice have been very insightful, but are not reversible and could distort receptor cross-talk, while inhibitory anti-TNFR1 monoclonal antibodies have a propensity to induce receptor agonism. Therefore, we set out to characterise a monovalent anti-TNFR1 domain antibody (dAb) formatted for in vivo use. The mouse TNFR1 antagonist (DMS5540) is a genetic fusion product of an anti-TNFR1 dAb with an albumin-binding dAb (AlbudAb). It bound mouse TNFR1, but not human TNFR1, and was an antagonist of TNF-α-mediated cytotoxicity in a L929 cell assay. Surprisingly, the dAb did not compete with TNF-α for TNFR1-binding. This was supported by additional data showing the anti-TNFR1 epitope mapped to a single residue in the first domain of TNFR1. Pharmacokinetic studies of DMS5540 in mice over three doses (0.1, 1.0 and 10 mg/kg) confirmed extended in vivo half-life, mediated by the AlbudAb, and demonstrated non-linear clearance of DMS5540. Target engagement was further confirmed by dose-dependent increases in total soluble TNFR1 levels. Functional in vivo activity was demonstrated in a mouse challenge study, where DMS5540 provided dose-dependent inhibition of serum IL-6 increases in response to bolus mouse TNF-α injections. Hence, DMS5540 is a potent mouse TNFR1 antagonist with in vivo pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties compatible with use in pre-clinical disease models and could provide a useful tool to dissect the individual contributions of TNFR1 and TNFR2 in homeostasis and disease.
Anticandidal activity of SPA-S-843, a new polyenic drug (2000)

The activity of a new, soluble and stable polyene (SPA-S-843) against Candida albicans was assessed by contact and culture tests and by inhibition of germ-tube formation. The drug demonstrated a higher contact activity and lower MICs than amphotericin B. This antimicrobial activity was more evident under acid pH and low ionic strength. In addition, the ability of SPA-S-843 to inhibit Candida sp. conversion from yeast to mycelial form was evident at low drug concentrations (0.25-0.62 mg/L).
Human β-defensin-3 correlates with muscle fibre degeneration in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (2013)

Sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM) and polymyositis (PM) are characterized by muscle inflammation, with sIBM showing additional degenerative alterations. In this study we investigated human beta defensins and associated TLRs to elucidate the role of the innate immune system in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM), and its association with inflammatory and degenerative alterations. Expression levels of human beta-defensin (HBD)-1, HBD-2, HBD-3 and TLR2, 3, 4, 7 and 9 were analysed by quantitative real-time PCR in skeletal muscle tissue. Localization of HBD-3, collagen 6, dystrophin, CD8-positive T-cells, CD-68-positive macrophages, β-amyloid, the autophagy marker LC3, and TLR3 were detected by immunofluorescence and co-localization was quantified. HBD-3 and all TLRs except for TLR9 were overexpressed in both IIM with significant overexpression of TLR3 in sIBM. HBD-3 showed characteristic intracellular accumulations near deposits of β-amyloid, LC3 and TLR3 in sIBM, and was detected in inflammatory infiltrations and macrophages invading necrotic muscle fibres in both IIM. The characteristic intracellular localization of HBD-3 near markers of degeneration and autophagy, and overexpression of endosomal TLR3 in sIBM hint at different pathogenetic mechanisms in sIBM compared with PM. This descriptive study serves as a first approach to the role of the innate immune system in sIBM and PM.
Clinicopathological Characteristics of Chinese Colorectal Cancer Patients under 30 Years of Age: Implication in Diagnosis and Therapy (2015)

Compared with older CRC patients, younger CRC patients (<30 yr) have a higher frequency of mucinous adenocarcinomas, more aggressive diseases and poorer prognosis. Identification of clinicopathological characteristics in younger CRC patients would help diagnose and treat the disease in this unique group of CRC patients in the clinic.
Fast Convergence of Iterative Computation for Incompressible-Fluid Reynolds Equation (2012)

When a discretized Reynolds equation is to be solved iteratively at least three subjects have to be determined first. These are the iterative solution method, the size of gridwork for the numerical model, and the stopping criterion for the iterative computing. The truncation error analysis of the Reynolds equation is used to provide the stopping criterion, as well as to estimate an adequate grid size based on a required relative precision or grid convergence index. In the simulated lubrication analyses, the convergent rate of the solution is further improved by combining a simple multilevel computing, the modified Chebyshev acceleration, and multithreaded computing. The best case is obtained by using the parallel three-level red-black successive-over-relaxation (SOR) with Chebyshev acceleration. The speedups of the best case relative to the case using sequential SOR with optimal relaxation factor are around 210 and 135, respectively, for the slider and journal bearing simulations.
A Genetic Risk Score Is Associated With Incident Cardiovascular Disease and Coronary Artery Calcium (2012)

A GRS composed of 13 SNPs associated with coronary disease is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events and of high CAC, modestly improves risk reclassification for incident CHD, and significantly improves discrimination for high CAC. The addition of recently discovered SNPs did not significantly improve the performance of this GRS.
Assessment in Engineering Education: Evolution, Approaches and Future Collaborations (2005)

This article examines the current state of assessment in engineering education in the United States as reflected in the Journal of Engineering Education. We begin with a brief review of recent developments in the assessment of engineering education and the events that have inspired change. Next, we explore assessment methodologies that have been used repeatedly in the evaluation of engineering courses, curricula, and research investigations as well as some methods that have not been used extensively but are likely to be informative. We conclude with a discussion of the importance of establishing collaborations between researchers in engineering education and educational research. Throughout this paper we highlight examples of sound and rigorous assessments in engineering education.
SCREENING OF Bacillus spp. SUPPRESING THE INFECTION OF Trichoderma sp. IN MUSHROOM CULTIVATION (2007)

ABSTRACT  The aim of this study is to search for potential Bacillus spp. that can suppress the infection of Trichoderma sp. in Shiitaki mushroom (Lentinus edodes) and oyster mushroom (Pleurotus sajor-caju). Preliminary screening of 30 isolates of Bacillus spp. was performed against the green mold, Trichoderma sp., one of the pathogens of several  mushroom cultivation.  All bacilli except the commercial product, Plaikaow TM (B. subtilis PKTM) were isolated from infected and non infected mushrooms with Trichoderma sp.  Antifungal efficiency was examined by agar diffusion and dual culture assay. Microscopic study revealed that the bacilli caused abnormalities in mycelium, such as cytolysis, vacuole formation, cell-shrink and cell-size reduction. API 50 CHB was used to identify the species of 5 isolates and 4 isolates were found to be B. subtilis (designated as Bs 02-SU2, Bs 05-SU3, Bs 07-SU4 and Bs 09-SU5) while another species was B. licheniformis (Bl 01-SU1). For in vivo test in mushroom house, bacterial cell suspensions from 24 hr. incubation time, pH 7 at 37 0C, containing 106 cell/ml of the 5 selected isolates were injected into the spawn cultivated mushrooms and followed by 106 spore/ml of  Trichoderma  sp. 2 days later. Trichoderma sp. infected-mushrooms were counted twice a week, for a period of 6 weeks. It was found that the percentage of green mold infection by Bl 01-SU1 on L. edodes and P.sajor- caju was 58.23 and 80,  respectively.  Its efficacy was equivalent to Bs PKTM (P > 0.05) but was significantly different (P<0.05) from the rest of other bacterial isolates.  In addition, all tested bacteria exhibited significantly higher suppression for Trichoderma sp. infected P. sajor-caju than those infected L. edodes.
On the Applicability of Acoustoelasticity for Residual Stress Determination (1981)

Acoustoelasticity has recently been used for the nondestructive evaluation of residual stresses. In making such measurements the assumption has been made that the plastic flow leading to the residual stress state did not change the acoustic response of the material. This paper examines the extent to which that assumption holds for three aluminum alloys. The acoustoelastic theory is summarized and results are presented for tests of specimens under uniaxial tension which are subjected to plastic deformation followed by complete unloading. It is shown that the assumption made does not hold for all materials and that further theoretical development is required for general quantitative residual stress determination.
Low-power wide-area networks (2018)

Low-Power Wide-Area Network (LPWAN) is an emerging network technology for Internet of Things (IoT) which offers long-range and wide-area communication at low-power. It thus overcomes the range limits and scalability challenges associated with traditional short range wireless sensor networks. Due to their escalating demand, LPWANs are gaining momentum, with multiple competing technologies currently being developed. Despite their promise, existing LPWAN technologies raise a number of challenges in terms of spectrum limitation, coexistence, mobility, scalability, coverage, security, and application-specific requirements which make their adoption challenging. In this paper, we identify the key opportunities of LPWAN, highlight the challenges, and show potential directions of the future research on LPWAN.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURES OF SUBSTITUTED N‐BENZYLPIPERIDONE CARBOXYLIC ACID ESTERS (1976)

Abstract Aus dem cyclischen Carbonsäureanhydrid (I) werden mit Alkoholen die Acetondicarbonsäuremonoester (II) gebildet, die direkt mit Aldehyden und Aminen zu den Pyridinderivaten (III) umgesetzt werden.
A grid method for robot path recognition based on RFID technology (2016)

In this paper, a path planning of grid method based on RFID technology is presented. In the traditional sense, the grid method adopts the random searching, and uses the continuous subdivision of the grid to obtain the optimal path, so it would increase the difficulty of the path planning. Here, the grid method based on RFID technology is applied to achieve the optimal path planning globally via RFID and computer information interaction. Simulation experiment results demonstrate that the method can be used to effectively solve the problem of obstacle avoidance and path identification for intelligent robots patrolling.
Similarity in the Design and the Implementation of a Multi-Platform CASE Tool (1999)

Colloque avec actes et comité de lecture.
A Study on Influential Factors for the Continuance of Hospital Volunteer Activities (2011)

The aim of this study was to examine the impact of the participation motivation of hospital volunteers, their awareness of hospital image, hospital management of volunteers, the organizational interpersonal relationship of volunteers and their satisfaction with volunteer activities on the continuance of their volunteer activities. The subjects were 480 volunteers who did volunteer activities in 37 hospitals in Busan, 399 subjects were responsed. This study is meaningful in that unlike relevant earlier studies of medicine, it attempted to make an integrative analysis of the influential factors for volunteer activities continuance and to make use of structural equation, a more advanced analysis technique. Besides, this study gave some suggestions on the customized management of hospital volunteers, its objects and related logical model.
C. Miller Fisher (1980)

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A 72dB-DR &#x0394;&#x03A3; CT modulator using digitally estimated auxiliary DAC linearization achieving 88fJ/conv in a 25MHz BW (2012)

The ongoing trend for wide-band, power-efficient continuous-time ΔΣ modulators has led to various implementations, which commonly share the usage of multi-bit quantization, low oversampling ratio and 3 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rd</sup> or 4 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> -order loop-filters [1,2]. In order to improve power efficiency, circuit and architectural innovations [1], as well as digital implementation [3] or digital correction of analog circuit parts have been used. To date, the best power vs. performance ratio for ΔΣ modulators with above 10MHz bandwidth is held by [1] with an FoM of 120fJ/conv.
Bit allocation for scalable video coding of multiple video programs (2010)

The problem of joint rate allocation for scalable video coding (SVC) of multiple video programs is addressed in this paper. Most of the existing approaches are based on non-scalable video coding platforms, where computationally expensive encoding or transcoding is demanded to adjust the bit-rate of each video program. Different from all these works, we develop a new statistical multiplexing system, where the scalable video coding technique is applied to compress the video programs. Experiments are carried out to verify the performance of the proposed scheme by comparing it with existing methods. The results demonstrate the merit of the proposed scheme and the variation of quality between different video programs is significantly reduced.
Interactive printed circuit board design (1984)

The paper describes the changeover and the reasons for changeover from a manual PCB design system with computer processing to a wholly computer-based interactive system. The need for change and the criteria for the selection of a new system are identified. The chosen system is described and the advantages gained by its introduction are shown. Possible future extensions and developments are considered.
Design of Sample Adaptive Product Quantizers for Noisy Channels (2005)

Channel-optimized vector quantization (COVQ) has proven to be an effective joint source-channel coding technique that makes the underlying quantizer robust to channel noise. Unfortunately, COVQ retains the high encoding complexity of the standard vector quantizer (VQ) for medium-to-high quantization dimensions and moderate-to-good channel conditions. A technique called sample adaptive product quantization (SAPQ) was recently introduced by Kim and Shroff to reduce the complexity of the VQ while achieving comparable distortions. In this letter, we generalize the design of SAPQ for the case of memoryless noisy channels by optimizing the quantizer with respect to both source and channel statistics. Numerical results demonstrate that the channel-optimized SAPQ (COSAPQ) achieves comparable performance to the COVQ (within 0.2 dB), while maintaining considerably lower encoding complexity (up to half of that of COVQ) and storage requirements. Robustness of the COSAPQ system against channel mismatch is also examined.
BMP-7 PROTEIN EXPRESSION IS DOWNREGULATED IN HUMAN DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY. (2015)

Bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) is expressed in all parts of the normal kidney parenchyma, being highest in the epithelium of proximal tubules. It protects kidney against acute and chronic injury, inflammation and fibrosis. Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease, and is characterized by decreased expression of BMP-7. The aim of our study was to analyze whether the expression of BMP-7 is significantly changed in advanced stages of human diabetic nephropathy. Immunohistochemical analysis of the expression of BMP-7 was performed on archival material of 30 patients that underwent renal biopsy and had confirmed diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy. Results showed that BMP-7 was differently expressed in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells of proximal tubules and podocytes among all stages of diabetic nephropathy. At early stages of diabetic nephropathy, BMP-7 was strongly positive in proximal tubules and podocytes, while low expression was recorded in the majority of samples at advanced stages. In conclusion, increased expression of BMP-7 at initial stages of diabetic nephropathy with subsequent decrease at advanced stage highlights the role of BMP-7 in the protection of kidney structure and function. Further investigations should be focused on disturbances of BMP-7 receptors and signaling pathways in patients with diabetic nephropathy.
Algebraic Geometry for Scientists and Engineers (1990)

Rational and polynomial parametrizations Fractional linear transformations Cubic curves Cubic surfaces and general hypersurfaces Outline of the theory of plane curves Affine plane and projective plane Sphere with handles Functions and differentials on a curve Polynomials and power series Review of abstract algebra Some commutative algebra Hensel's lemma and Newton's theorem More about Newton's theorem Branches and valuations Divisors of functions and differentials Weierstrass preparation theorem Intersection multiplicity Resolution of singularities of plane curves Infinitely near singularities Parametrizing a quartic with three double points Characteristic pairs Criterion for one place and Jacobian problem Inversion formula and Jacobian problem Surfaces Hypersurfaces Resolution of singularities of algebraic surfaces Birational and polyrational transformations Valuations and birational correspondence Rational cylinders through a variety Resultants.
Dynamic Kinetic Resolution of Primary Amines with a Recyclable Pd Nanocatalyst for Racemization (2007)

A practical procedure for the dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) of primary amines has been developed. This procedure employs a palladium nanocatalyst as the racemization catalyst, a commercial lipase (Novozym-435) as the resolution catalyst, and ethyl acetate or ethyl methoxyacetate as the acyl donor. Eleven primary amines and one amino acid amide have been efficiently resolved with good yields (85-99%) and high enantiomeric excesses (97-99%). [reaction: see text]
Wireless online games (2002)

The number of mobile phone users is increasing rapidly and this will provide opportunities for developing additional business in the mobile device market. Wireless online games is one of the rising stars in the market. Nevertheless, the insecurity of data transmission through wireless networks and the low performance of the central processing unit (CPU) of mobile devices create a barrier to doing business through these wireless networks. This paper proposes an “interactive dynamic cryptosystem” for enhancing the security of data transmission through wireless networks and a multi‐tier architecture for improving the performance and management of the multi‐user wireless online games system. Based on the proposal, a safe environment can be set up for truly real‐time interactive wireless online games.
Group-based distributed computing: Programming and distributed platform model. (2000)

Much research has been done in the past in the area of group communication. However most of this research exists in the low-level support for group communication, such as different types of ordered and reliable multicast protocols, membership management protocols, virtual synchrony, replication techniques, etc. Most of this research provides only low-level pieces of the complete puzzle. The big picture involves a vision of group-based distributed computing . This vision calls for a shift of focus from low-level issues of group communication to the high-level issues of an overall distributed environment capable of supporting group-based distributed computing applications . This thesis is focussed on the dual models of the distributed environment---the distributed programming model and the distributed platform model, required for the support of group-based distributed computing applications. The thesis presents the software architecture of an agent-based and policy-driven group support platform in an implementation independent manner. This is an extensible, configurable and programmable software architecture which permits the separation of group coordination aspects from the application issues. The goal is to enhance the level of middleware support provided by the current generation of distributed platforms such as CORBA. The thesis identifies a set of "middleware-level" group support services (GSSs), such as message distribution service, collation service, synchronisation service, filtering service, etc. commonly required by group-based applications and the corresponding group support agents (GSAs). The thesis presents a framework for the organisation of these group support agents. This framework is called the group support machine (GSM). This thesis is based upon the architectural principles underlying object-based distributed systems architectures such as RM-ODP, ANSA, ROSA, OMA, etc., and is scoped within the ODP computational and engineering models. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)