gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A fuzzy operator for the enhancement of blurred and noisy images (1995)

Rule-based fuzzy operators are a novel class of operators specifically designed in order to apply the principles of approximate reasoning to digital image processing. This paper shows how a fuzzy operator that is able to perform detail sharpening but is insensitive to noise can be designed. The results obtainable by the proposed technique in the enhancement of a real image are presented.
Viable bone formation in porous hydroxyapatite: marrow cell-derived in vitro bone on the surface of ceramics (1997)

With the aim of in vitro production of bone fragments more closely resembling autogenous bone, rat cultured bone marrow cells were combined with porous hydroxyapatite (HA) discs and cultured in the presence of dexamethasone (Dex). Bone marrow cells were collected from the femoral diaphyses of a 7-week-old male Wistar rat, and primary culture was performed for six days. Then, cell suspensions were prepared by trypsin treatment, and combined with the porous HA discs. After a 2-hour incubation, the composites were additionally cultured for up to 4 weeks (subculture) in the presence of Dex. In a control group, the subculture was performed without Dex. After 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks of subculturing, the HA discs were removed, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, bone Gla protein (BGP), and DNA were quantitated. A portion of the disc was prepared for scanning electron microscopy (SEM), from which bone formation was evaluated morphologically. ALP activity peaked at 2-3 weeks and decreased at 4 weeks. BGP levels began to increase at 3 weeks. In the SEM study, mineralized collagenous extracellular matrix was noted at 3 and 4 weeks. In the control group, neither significant ALP activity nor increased BGP was detected. These biochemical and morphological results suggest that with the culture technique, active bone formation in the pore regions of HA can be fabricated in vitro. It is anticipated that when composites are subcultured in this way they will function as a bone graft with properties similar to those of autogenous bone.
M protein mediated adhesion of M type 24 Streptococcus pyogenes stimulates release of interleukin-6 by HEp-2 tissue culture cells (2006)

We investigated the contributions of lipoteichoic acid and M protein to reversible and irreversible adhesion of group A streptococci and the effects of such adhesion on release of interleukin-6. Streptococci in which lipoteichoic acid was masked by the hyaluronate capsule were readily washed from HEp-2 cells, indicating no attachment. Unencapsulated, M-negative streptococci in which lipoteichoic acid was exposed were removed more slowly, indicating loose attachment. Only unencapsulated streptococci that expressed both lipoteichoic acid and M protein remained stably adherent to HEp-2 cells throughout multiple washes. Streptococci expressing both M protein and lipoteichoic acid induced release of interleukin-6 from HEp-2 cells, whereas an isogenic, M-negative mutant failed to induce release of interleukin-6. These data suggest that lipoteichoic acid mediates reversible adhesion and that M protein is required for irreversible adhesion and for inducing release of interleukin-6 from HEp-2 cells.
Mediator head subcomplex Med11/22 contains a common helix bundle building block with a specific function in transcription initiation complex stabilization (2011)

Mediator is a multiprotein co-activator of RNA polymerase (Pol) II transcription. Mediator contains a conserved core that comprises the 'head' and 'middle' modules. We present here a structure-function analysis of the essential Med11/22 heterodimer, a part of the head module. Med11/22 forms a conserved four-helix bundle domain with C-terminal extensions, which bind the central head subunit Med17. A highly conserved patch on the bundle surface is required for stable transcription pre-initiation complex formation on a Pol II promoter in vitro and in vivo and may recruit the general transcription factor TFIIH. The bundle domain fold is also present in the Mediator middle module subcomplex Med7/21 and is predicted in the Mediator heterodimers Med2/3, Med4/9, Med10/14 and Med28/30. The bundle domain thus represents a common building block that has been multiplied and functionally diversified during Mediator evolution in eukaryotes.
Produced by a strain of unidentified Actinomycetes sp. (1980)

In the course of our screening program for new antitumor antibiotics using a tissue culture system of SV 40 transformed C3H-2K cells, we have isolated a new nucleoside antibiotic, 2'-amino-2'-deoxyadenosine (1). This antibiotic was produced by a strain of Actinomycetes sp. 372-Av, isolated from a soil sample collected in Toyama Prefecture.
Nd:YAG laser welding experiments (1985)

Laser-beam/plume interaction experiments were conducted with a pulsed Nd:YAG laser. A high speed camera was used to study plume growth phenomena and to determine maximum plume velocities. Tests were done on four different metals: Aluminum 1100, Molybdenum, Nickel 200, and Stainless Steel 304. Previous laser welding experiments have indicated that the vapor plume ejected from the irradiated base material significantly attenuates the laser beam energy for Nickel 200 and Stainless Steel 304. To substantiate this observation, the plume was subjected to a cross flow of argon gas. Metallurgical studies showed a significant increase in weld penetration for all materials except for Aluminum. These experiments also indicated that the plume ejects normal to the base material. Thus, the specimen was tilted at different angles in an attempt to reduce laser beam attenuation. Results showed no significant increase in weld depth when the tilt angle was increased. Mass loss measurements were also performed and the experimental data were an order-of-magnitude less than those predicted by a numerical laser welding code.
Orbital-Dependent Band Narrowing Revealed in an Extremely Correlated Hund’s Metal Emerging on the Topmost Layer of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>Sr</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>RuO</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (2016)

We use a surface-selective angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and unveil the electronic nature on the topmost layer of Sr_{2}RuO_{4} crystal, consisting of slightly rotated RuO_{6} octahedrons. The γ band derived from the 4d_{xy} orbital is found to be about three times narrower than that for the bulk. This strongly contrasts with a subtle variation seen in the α and β bands derived from the one-dimensional 4d_{xz/yz}. This anomaly is reproduced by the dynamical mean-field theory calculations, introducing not only the on-site Hubbard interaction but also the significant Hund's coupling. We detect a coherence-to-incoherence crossover theoretically predicted for Hund's metals, which has been recognized only recently. The crossover temperature in the surface is about half that of the bulk, indicating that the naturally generated monolayer of reconstructed Sr_{2}RuO_{4} is extremely correlated and well isolated from the underlying crystal.
Use of GA3 to Manipulate Flowering and Yield of `Hass' Avocado (2000)

Avocado trees ( Persea americana Mill.) bearing a heavy crop produce a light “off” bloom the next spring. This results in a light crop and a subsequent intense “on” bloom the year after. The objective of the study was to quantify the effects of GA 3 canopy sprays applied to `Hass' avocado trees during the months preceding an “off” or “on” bloom on inflorescence and vegetative shoot number and yield. The experiment was initiated approximately seven months before an anticipated “off” bloom in an attempt to increase flowering intensity and yield. GA 3 (25 or 100 mg·L -1 ) was applied to separate sets of trees in September (early stage of inflorescence initiation), November (early stage of inflorescence development), January (initial development of the perianth of terminal flowers), March (cauliflower stage of inflorescence development; only 25 mg·L -1 ), or monthly from September through January (only 25 mg·L -1 ). Control trees did not receive any treatment. GA 3 (100 mg·L -1 ) applied in September reduced inflorescence number in both years, but not yield. GA 3 (25 or 100 mg·L -1 ) applied in November before the “on” bloom reduced inflorescence number with a concomitant increase in vegetative shoot number and 47% yield reduction compared to control trees. This treatment might provide avocado growers with a tool to break the alternate bearing cycle by reducing yield in an expected “on” crop year to achieve a higher yield the following year. GA 3 (25 mg·L -1 ) applied in November or January stimulated early development of the vegetative shoot of indeterminate inflorescences. January and March applications did not affect the number of flowering or vegetative shoots produced either year. GA 3 (25 mg·L -1 ) applied in March at the start of an “off” bloom increased 2-fold the production of commercially valuable fruit (213 to 269 g per fruit) compared to the control.
High Rate of β-Globin DNA Detection Validates Self-Sampling in Herpes Simplex Virus Shedding Studies (2015)

Human β-globin DNA detection rate was high, and the quantity obtained significantly increased with genital, but not oral HSV shedding. The high rate of β-globin DNA detection is consistent with high adherence to study procedures in longitudinal studies of genital herpes shedding.
The Inhibition of Human Cytochrome P450 by Ethanol Extracts of North American Botanicals (2006)

High-throughput enzyme inhibition screening assays were used to quantify the effect of ethanol extracts of 2 accessions of 10 North American (NA) botanicals against the activity of the human cytochrome P450s: CYP3A4, CYP19, and CYP2C19. In addition, phytochemical biomarkers within each extract were identified and quantified using HPLC-MS or GC. Extracts containing uncharacterized phytochemicals were identified taxonomically. The overall objective was to describe the relationship between types and quantities of phytochemicals in ethanol extracts and their ability to inhibit CYP activity. The top three inhibitors of CYP3A4 were Gaultheria procumbens. L. leaf > Rhodiola rosea. L. root > Arctostaphylos uva-ursi. L. Spreng leaf; of CYP19 were R. rosea. root > Rhododendron groenlandicum. (Oeder) Kron & Judd leaf > A. uva-ursi. leaf; and of CYP2C19 were Achillea millefolium. L. leaf and flower > Vaccinium. sp. L. leaf > Polygala senega. L. root. Equisetum arvense. L. leaf, Arctium lappa. L. root, and P. senega. root had the least effect on CYP3A4 and CYP19 activity. These results suggest that North American botanicals have the potential to inhibit the metabolism of drug-specific CYPs in vivo., causing a direct shift in the availability of drugs and their pharmacokinetics in the body. Furthermore, the concentration of certain phytochemical markers varied significantly between accessions (i.e., rosarin and essential oils), suggesting that the extent of metabolic inhibition is directly dependent upon the concentration of bioactive constituents in an extract.
Accelerating Effect of Lewis Acid Co-Catalyst on C-H Amination (2010)

Intramolecular C-H amination processes are shown to be considerably accelerated using catalytic amounts of a Lewis acid co-catalyst.
Variations in the Chain Structure of Cationic (Phosphine)gold(I) Dialkyldithiophosphate Complexes (1998)

Abstract Treatment of dithiophosphoric acid diesters (RO) 2 P(S)SH with appropriate quantities of tris[(phosphine)gold(I)]oxoniumtetrafluoroborates {[(R′ 3 P)Au] 3 0} + BF4 - in dichloromethane gives di-or trinuclear complexes of the types {(RO) 2 P[SAu(PR 3 )] 2/3 } +/2+ (2) BF4 - as colour­ less, crystalline salts. As determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies, in the 1:2 complexes (with R = R′ = Me and R′ = Et, R = Ph and o-Tol), each gold atom is attached to a different sulfur atom, but with short intracationic Au-Au contacts. These cations are associated to form strings through intermolecular Au-Au contacts in the first case (R = Et), but through additional Au-S contacts in the second (R = Ph). For R = o-Tol, the cations are not associated at all owing to steric hindrance. This result is indicative of very small energy differences between the two modes of association. The 1:3 complexes are fluxional in solution and show virtually equivalent R 3 PAU groups in the NMR spectra at 20°C, but at low temperature non-equivalent ligands can be distinguished as shown previously for analogous dithiophosphinate derivatives.
High conversion efficiency terahertz generation using antenna-coupled silicon integrated Ge photodiodes (Conference Presentation) (2019)

Terahertz (THz) imaging has progressed tremendously due the continuous development of new THz emitters and detectors. However, highly integrated array devices are desired for fast THz imaging. Advanced features such as beam steering and phase contrast imaging may be realized using more complex systems that require tight integration. Silicon photonics is an enabler for CW THz applications such as imaging and high-speed communication because of low cost and high level of integration. We present results of our research on continuous-wave THz generation using antennacoupled silicon-germanium photodiodes. THz emission up to 2.2 THz has been demonstrated.
A New Method for Surge Margin Improvement of Booster Compressors in Modern Aeroengines (1998)

The subject of this paper is the development and first analysis of the performance of a new booster bleed valve control logic to improve the surge margin of the booster compressor in the new BR715 turbofan. The booster compressor is driven by the LP spool of the two spool engine, comprising an aerodynamically tuned system out of fan root and booster compressor. The flow delivered at the exit of the booster compressor must be accepted by the following HP compressor. This matching is not always possible, since the rates of change of the spool speeds during transients behave differently as do pressure rise and mass flow. Hence the transient handling of the booster compressor is difficult with respect to its surge stability. To aid in this situation it is a common practice to position a booster bleed valve after the booster compressor, which passes bleed air into the bypass duct. The BR715 jet engine takes advantage of a newly developed logic driving this valve. Monitoring input parameters such as spool and flight speeds as well as altitude, the logic provides the capability of appropriately positioning the valve, thereby maintaining an optimum performance of the engine throughout the whole operating range. Furthermore the logic allows for reaction on thrust reverser deployment or more serious events such as surge and foreign object damage. Much effort has been put into the development of the newly designed transient valve logic, which in its main part is based on the rate of change of the pressure at the exit of the HP compressor. This logic ensures a sufficient surge margin in case of deceleration or reslams of the engine. A simulation of the logic was set up, connected to a synthesis program for the two spool engine and used for the development. After this basic testing, the logic was implemented in the BR715 engine, which first ran in April 1997. The actual data from basic handling tests performed with this engine were analysed and checked against simulation results. The paper describes the logic in detail and contains first results. They prove a proper working of the logic and show the strong effect of the booster bleed valve.
The Effect of Chronic Subarachnoid Bupivacaine Infusion in Dogs (1987)

A functional and histologic examination of the effect of the continuous intrathecal administration of bupivacaine was made in five dogs. After a partial laminectomy at L5, a silicone rubber catheter was inserted into the subarachnoid space and advanced 10 cm cranially. A model 400 Infusaid pump, used for drug delivery, was placed in a subcutaneous pocket between the 13th rib and iliac crest. Drug infusions were individually adjusted and maintained at a concentration such that the animal just exhibited slight gait impairment. Daily bupivacaine doses ranged from 5.7-11.1 mg. Infusions were maintained for a period of 3-16 weeks. Light microscopic examination of spinal cord and roots revealed no abnormalities. A focal mononuclear cell infiltration of the leptomeninges was seen in two drug animals, as well as one catheter control animal. One of the 16-week animals had a residual limp upon drug removal. While we were not able to quantitatively assess the degree of sensory motor dissociation, the results of this study suggest that chronic intrathecal bupivacaine infusion through an implantable pump system may be a short-term alternative to intrathecal morphine in the control of cancer pain.
Apoptotic insults impair Na+, K+-ATPase activity as a mechanism of neuronal death mediated by concurrent ATP deficiency and oxidant stress (2003)

The Na+, K+-ATPase (Na+, K+-pump) plays critical roles in maintaining ion homeostasis. Blocking the Na+, K+-pump may lead to apoptosis. By contrast, whether an apoptotic insult may affect the Na+, K+-pump activity is largely undefined. In cultured cortical neurons, the Na+, K+-pump activity measured as a membrane current Ipump was time-dependently suppressed by apoptotic insults including serum deprivation, staurosporine, and C2-ceramide, concomitant with depletion of intracellular ATP and production of reactive oxygen species. Signifying a putative relationship among these events, Ipump was highly sensitive to changes in ATP and reactive oxygen species levels. Moreover, the apoptosis-associated Na+, K+-pump failure and serum deprivation-induced neuronal death were antagonized by pyruvate and succinate in ATP- and reactive-oxygen-species-dependent manners. We suggest that failure of the Na+, K+-pump as a result of a combination of energy deficiency and production of reactive oxygen species is a common event in the apoptotic cascade; preserving the pump activity provides a neuroprotective strategy in certain pathological conditions.
Surgical resection of the primary tumor, chest wall control, and survival in women with metastatic breast cancer (2008)

These data support the notion that improved local control may play a role in improving outcomes in women with stage IV breast cancer, and resection of in-breast tumors can help to achieve this. A randomized trial is needed to rule out selection bias as an explanation for these findings.
The nature of the luminescence of bismuth rhenium oxide (Bi3ReO8) (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe nature of the luminescence of bismuth rhenium oxide (Bi3ReO8)G. Blasse and G. J. DirksenCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1987, 91, 1, 20–21Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100285a008https://doi.org/10.1021/j100285a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views127Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
A Comparison of Malreduction After Plate and Intramedullary Nail Fixation of Forearm Fractures (1995)

A study was performed to compare the degree of malreduction after intramedullary nail and plate fixation of the forearm and to determine if the degree of malreduction was clinically significant. Eight matched pairs of forearms, including the wrist and elbow joints, were harvested from cadaver upper extremities. The forearms were put through a full range of motion, and physiological loads were applied to simulate those during normal use. Standardized anteroposterior and lateral radiographs of each forearm were obtained with the specimen intact, and after an osteotomy and internal fixation of one bone, both bones, and with gap at the osteotomy sites. In each forearm pair, plating was randomly performed in one specimen and intramedullary nailing was performed in the matching contralateral specimen. Forearm architecture was assessed by quantification of the magnitude and location of maximum radial bow and radial angulation. In this study, plate fixation was superior to nail stabilization in restoration of the normal radial architecture. Plating did not change any of the radiographic indices (magnitude and location of maximum radial bow and radial angulation) at any stage of testing. None of the radiographic indices was changed by nailing of only one of the forearm bones. The magnitude of maximum radial bow and the radial angulation were changed by nailing both forearm bones after osteotomy and both forearm bones with a gap (p < 0.05). Despite this, both techniques were well within the limits of what is radiographically acceptable for reduction.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Spectroscopie locale d'une surface par détection de champ proche : étude théorique comparative des métaux nobles (1992)

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Expression of Circadian Rhythm Genes in Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone-Secreting GT1-7 Neurons (2003)

The center for circadian rhythms in mammals is the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus, composed of single cell circadian oscillators driven by a transcriptional/translational feedback loop where clock proteins drive clock gene expression. These genes are expressed in peripheral tissues and several brain areas outside the SCN. It is likely that some peripheral oscillators are synchronized by the SCN. The pineal hormone melatonin plays an important role in the entrainment of circadian rhythms through feedback to the SCN. Melatonin also plays a role in reproduction, including direct effects on GnRH-secreting GT1-7 neurons. The intrinsic rhythmicity of GnRH neurons suggests that these neurons may express the components of the circadian oscillator. Using the GT1-7 cell line, we demonstrate expression of the circadian rhythm genes, clock, BMAL1,timeless (tim), period1,period2, cryptochrome1, andcryptochrome2. Furthermore, semiquantitative RT-PCR demonstrates that BMAL1, period1, andperiod2 as well as GnRH mRNAs are expressed with a circadian-like rhythm after synchronization over 54 h. With available antibodies, we demonstrated CLOCK, BMAL1, and PERIOD1 protein expression in these cells, with BMAL1 protein levels showing a rhythmic expression pattern. In addition, receptors for melatonin, mt1 and MT2, also show a circadian expression pattern in the GT1-7 cells, and their expression is down-regulated by melatonin treatment. These findings suggest that the components of the clock machinery in mammals may play a role in GnRH neuronal function.
Mechanism of laser-induced metal-semiconductor electrical connections in MOS structures (1976)

This paper describes in detail an experimental study of the laser-induced metal-semiconductor connections in MOS structures. Quantitative results concerning these connections, and their dependence on pulse width, pulse power, and the number of pulses are given. This information is valuable when the laser is used for interconnecting integrated circuits and similar devices.