gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The pathophysiology of the prethrombotic state in humans: insights gained from studies using markers of hemostatic system activation (1987)

Numerous investigators have postulated that a hypercoagulable state exists in humans for a period of time before the development of thrombotic episodes. A clear biochemical definition of the prethrombotic state, however, has proved elusive due in part to the lack of reliable techniques for monitoring pertinent changes in blood coagulability. Based on recent advances in our knowledge of the biochemistry of the coagulation system, a series of highly sensitive and specific immunochemical tools has been developed that can quantitate the activities of various steps of the hemostatic mechanism in vivo at the subnanomolar level. We have established assays for F1+2 and the protein C activation peptide, which measure the cleavage of the prothrombin molecule by factor Xa and the scission of protein C by the thrombin-thrombomodulin complex, respectively. Nossel and coworkers had previously constructed similar assays for fibrinopeptide A (FPA) and fragment B beta 1–42, which monitor the cleavage of fibrinogen by thrombin and the proteolysis of fibrin I by plasmin, respectively. Substantial elevations in the levels of these markers have been found in patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation and many subjects with acute deep venous thrombosis. The F1+2 and FPA assays have been used to demonstrate that significant increments in factor Xa activity but not thrombin activity regularly occur in the blood of nonanticoagulated individuals with congenital deficiencies of antithrombin or protein C. These two disorders are known to be correlated with the subsequent development of thrombosis. Patients with protein C deficiency have also been noted to have significantly reduced plasma levels of protein C activation peptide. By using the immunoassays for FPA and B beta 1–42 in studies of postoperative patients, it has been shown that an imbalance between the procoagulant action of thrombin and the anticoagulant effect of plasmin on fibrin I polymer may induce an acquired thrombotic diathesis. Finally, we have recently demonstrated that prothrombin activation as measured by the F1+2 assay is suppressed by oral anticoagulants in the blood of patients with thrombotic diatheses. These investigations suggest that these assay techniques can be used to improve our understanding of the hypercoagulable state as well as to develop more effective treatment strategies for the prevention of thromboembolic events.
Priscilla Wakefield as a writer of children's educational books (1997)

Abstract In the final decades of the eighteenth century, a small group of women were particularly prominent as writers of educational books for women. Priscilla Wakefield was one of them. Many like Mary Wollstonecraft stressed the central role of motherhood and a mother's responsibility for educating her children. " Her knowledge of their minds, her taste, her judgement, her affections, her superintending intelligence", wrote the Edgeworths, "will be of inestimable value to her children". If she had "any skill in any accomplishment she was, more particularly where daughters were concerned, "the best person to instruct them". The publication of Rousseau's Emile in 1762 not only served to reinforce a new notion of childhood but provoked a number of women to write books on girls' education challenging the idea that an education based on " ornamental accomplishments" was essential if a girl was to marry successfully. Among them were Catharine Macaulay, Maria Edgeworth, Hannah More and Mary Wollstonecraft.
Sesquiterpene lactones of Eupatorium hyssopifolium. Germacranolide with an unusual lipid ester side chain (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSesquiterpene lactones of Eupatorium hyssopifolium. Germacranolide with an unusual lipid ester side chainWerner Herz and Ram P. SharmaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1976, 41, 6, 1015–1020Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1976https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00868a022RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views102Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (766 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Fast, Accurate, and Healthier: Interactive Blurring Helps Moderators Reduce Exposure to Harmful Content (2020)

While most user content posted on social media is benign, other content, such as violent or adult imagery, must be detected and blocked. Unfortunately, such detection is difficult to automate, due to high accuracy requirements, costs of errors, and nuanced rules for acceptable content. Consequently, social media platforms today rely on a vast workforce of human moderators. However, mounting evidence suggests that exposure to disturbing content can cause lasting psychological and emotional damage to some moderators. To mitigate such harm, we investigate a set of blur-based moderation interfaces for reducing exposure to disturbing content whilst preserving moderator ability to quickly and accurately flag it. We report experiments with Mechanical Turk workers to measure moderator accuracy, speed, and emotional well-being across six alternative designs. Our key findings show interactive blurring designs can reduce emotional impact without sacrificing moderation accuracy and speed.
[The effect of Lactobacillus salivarius administration on coliform bacteria and enterococci in the crop and cecum of broiler chickens]. (1995)

A rifampicin-resistant Lactobacillus salivarius 51R was isolated from chicken caeca and administered orally to newly hatched broiler chickens. The resistance to rifampicin enabled us to differentiate the administered organism from indigenous strains. First day after inoculation, L. salivarius 51R dominated among lactobacilli in the crop and caeca of inoculated chickens and its counts were slightly over 7 log c.f.u. per 1 g of digesta even after 10 days. L. salivarius significantly (P < 0.01) lowered counts of enterococci and coliforms in the crop during the whole experimental period (10 days). Effects of L. salivarius administration on caecal counts other than lactobacilli were generally small. The influence of Lactobacillus strain used to species composition of enterococci and coliforms were also observed. 105 strains of enterococci and 96 strains of coliforms isolated from the crop and caeca of both control and experimental groups were characterized using identification sets and computer program. Regarding, enterococci, 63% was identified to the species level, 31% to the genus level, and 6% was not identified. Regarding coliforms, 48% was reported to the species level, 25% to the genus level, and 26% was not identified. The most prevalent species among the enterococci was E. faecalis and among the coliforms E. coli. 24 h after the administration of L. salivarius 51R there was significantly higher (P < 0.05) occurrence of E. faecalis (57% out of all enterococcal isolates) in experimental group than those in the control group (31% out of all enterococcal isolates). The perspectives in the control of pathogens in young chickens via probiotics was discussed.
High throughput and multiplex localization of proteins and cells for in situ micropatterning using pneumatic microfluidics (2014)

Micropatterning technologies are emerging as an enabling tool for various microfluidic-based applications in life sciences. However, the high throughput and multiplex localization of multiple bio-components in a microfluidic device has not yet been well established. In this paper, we describe a simple and in situ micropatterning method using an integrated microfluidic device with pneumatic microstructures (PμSs) for highly controllable immobilization of both proteins and cells in a high throughput, geometry-dynamic, and multi-patterning way. The precise Pluronic F127 passivation of a microchamber surface except the PμS-blocked regions was performed and characterized, and the spatial dynamics and consistency of both the PμSs and protein/cell micropatterning were optically evaluated and quantitatively demonstrated too. Furthermore, a systematic investigation of PμS-assisted micropatterning in microfluidics was carried out. The feature of high throughput and spatial control of micropatterning can be simply realized by using the well-designed PμS arrays. Meanwhile, the co-micropatterning of different proteins (bovine serum albumin and chicken egg albumin) and cells (human umbilical vein endothelial cells and human hepatocellular carcinoma cells) in a microfluidic device was successfully accomplished with the orderly serial manipulation of PμS groups. We demonstrate that PμS-assisted micropatterning can be applied as a convenient microfluidic component for large-scale and diversified protein/cell patterning and manipulation, which could be useful for cell-based tissue organization, high-throughput imaging, protein-related interactions and immunoassays.
Writing Science: Literacy And Discursive Power (1993)

This volume focuses on the use of language and literacy issues in scientific research and in science classrooms. Working within the theoretical framework of systemic functional analysis, the book explores the evolution of scientific discourse in the English-speaking world, and the apprenticeship of students into the discourse in secondary schools. The distinguished linguist M.A.K. Halliday and his colleague, J.R. Martin, show scientific discourses at work in a range of historical, contemporary, and cross-cultural sites: from the works of the nineteenth-century scientists to other cultures textual representations of the natural world; from school students writings on scientific knowledge and procedures to the construction of a Secret English of science in secondary school textbooks and classroom talk. While the book draws specifically from examples of Australian schooling, it both refers to and has immediate application to schooling in North America. Running across these essays is a commitment not just to remaking science as a humane endeavor, but also to developing new analytic perspectives for critiquing science. They will be of particular interest to science and literacy educators and to educational linguists teaching in the field of English.
High-frequency temperature and pressure probe for unsteady compressible flows (1983)

A 3-mm-diam, dual hot-wire aspiring probe is described which can simultaneously measure total temperature and total pressure in an unsteady high-speed gas flow. The probe consists of two coplanar constant temperature hot wires at different overheat ratios operated in a 1.5-mm-diam channel with a choked exit. Thus, the constant Mach number flow by the wires is influenced only by free-stream total temperature and pressure. The probe design is a compromise between the conflicting requirements of spatial resolution, frequency response, and angular sensitivity. The dc temperature accuracy of the probe is about 1% while the resolution is 0.3%. Frequency response of the present design is dc to 20 kHz.
Companion Guide to the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Volume 1, Third Edition (2009)

This third edition of the Companion Guide of ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel and Piping Codes has been updated to the current (2007) Code Edition. Since the first edition, a total of 140 authors have contributed to this publication, and in this edition there are 107 contributors of which 51 are new authors. Several of the new contributors are from countries around the world that use ASME B&PV Codes, with knowledge of ASME Codes, in addition to expertise of their own countries' B&PV Codes. All of these authors who contributed to this third edition considerably updated, revised or added to the content matter covered in the second edition to address current and future trends as well as dramatic changes in the industry. The first two volumes covering Code Sections I through XI address organizational changes of B&PV Code Committees and Special topics relating to the application of the Code. Volume 1 covers ASME Code Sections I through VII, B31.1 and B31.3 Piping Codes. Volume 2 has chapters addressing Code Sections VIII through XI, refurbished with additional code material consistent with the current 2007 Code edition. ASME Code Section VIII Division 2 was completely rewritten, and that effort has been captured in this publication. Notable updates included in this Volume relate to maintenance rule, accreditation, dynamic loads, functionality, operability criteria, fluids, pipe vibration analysis, code design and evaluation for cyclic loading for Code Sections III and VIII.
Investigational Positive Inotropic Agents for Acute Heart Failure (2009)

Acute heart failure represents a major public health problem due to its high prevalence, high rates of mortality and readmissions and significant healthcare costs. Patients with AHF and low cardiac output represent a small subgroup of patients with very high mortality rates that require inotropic support to improve cardiac systolic function. Classical inotropic agents, such as beta1-adrenergic agonists (dobutamine, dopamine) and phosphodiesterase III inhibitors (milrinone, enoximone) improve symptoms and hemodynamics by increasing free intracellular Ca(2+) levels, but also increase myocardial O(2) demands and exert arrhythmogenic effects. These actions explain why these drugs increase both short- and long-term mortality, particularly in patients with AHF and coronary artery disease. Thus, we need new inotropic agents that do not increase cytosolic Ca(2+) or myocardial oxygen demands or produce arrhythmogenesis for the treatment of high-risk patients with acute heart failure and low cardiac output. This review describes three new classes of investigational agents: levosimendan, a calcium sensitizer and potassium channel opener, istaroxime, the first new luso-inotropic agent and cardiac myosin activators.
Calcium channels and signal transduction in plant cells (1991)

Abstract An increasing number of studies indicate that changes in cytosolic free Ca 2+ ([Ca 2+ ] c ) mediate specific types of signal transduction in plant cells. Modulation of [Ca 2+ ] c is likely to be achieved through changes in the activity of Ca 2+ channels, which catalyse passive influx of Ca 2+ to the cytosol from extracellular and intracellular compartments. Voltage‐sensitive Ca 2+ channels have been detected in the plasma membranes of algae, where they control membrane electrical properties and cell turgor. These channels are sensitive to 1,4‐dihydropyridines, which in animal cells specifically affect one class of voltage‐regulated plasma membrane Ca 2+ channel. Ca 2+ ‐permeable channels with different pharmacological properties have been found in the plasma membrane of higher plants. Recent evidence suggests the existence of two discrete classes of Ca 2+ channel co‐resident in the vacuolar membrane (tonoplast) of higher plants. The first is gated by inositol 1,4,5‐trisphosphate, and bears a number of similarities to its animal counterpart which is located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The second tonoplast Ca 2+ channel is voltage‐operated. However, the specific roles of these tonoplast channels in signal transduction have yet to be elucidated.
ORGANIC REACTIONS AT THE SURFACES OF DEHYDROGENATING CATALYSTS (1924)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTORGANIC REACTIONS AT THE SURFACES OF DEHYDROGENATING CATALYSTSHomer Adkins and Wilbur A. LazierCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1924, 46, 10, 2291–2305Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1924Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1924https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01675a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01675a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views119Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Carbohydrate biochemistry and metabolism (1984)

Spontaneous regression of simple renal cysts is a rare phenomenon. Two cases diagnosed as renal cysts are reported in which later studies revealed these lesions to have disappeared.
Asymmetric nucleophilic acylation via metalated .alpha.-aminonitriles possessing an axially disymmetric tertiary amino group (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAsymmetric nucleophilic acylation via metalated .alpha.-aminonitriles possessing an axially disymmetric tertiary amino groupNicole Maigrot, Jean Paul Mazaleyrat, and Zoltan WelvartCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 20, 3916–3918Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00220a046https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00220a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views382Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Transcriptional Induction of <i>MKP-1</i> in Response to Stress Is Associated with Histone H3 Phosphorylation-Acetylation (2001)

Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase phosphatase 1 (MKP-1) has been shown to play a critical role in mediating the feedback control of MAP kinase cascades in a variety of cellular processes, including proliferation and stress responsiveness. Although MKP-1 expression is induced by a broad array of extracellular stimuli, the mechanisms mediating its induction remain poorly understood. Here we show that MKP-1 mRNA was potently induced by arsenite and ultraviolet light and modestly increased by heat shock and hydrogen peroxide. Interestingly, arsenite also dramatically induces phosphorylation-acetylation of histone H3 at a global level which precedes the induction of MKP-1 mRNA. The transcriptional induction of MKP-1, histone H3 modification, and elevation in MKP-1 mRNA in response to arsenite are all partially prevented by the p38 MAP kinase inhibitor SB203580, suggesting that the p38 pathway is involved in these processes. Finally, analysis of the DNA brought down by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) reveals that arsenite induces phosphorylation-acetylation of histone H3 associated with the MKP-1 gene and enhances binding of RNA polymerase II to MKP-1 chromatin. ChIP assays following exposure to other stress agents reveal various degrees of histone H3 modification at the MKP-1 chromatin. The differential contribution of p38 and ERK MAP kinases in mediating MKP-1 induction by different stress agents further illustrates the complexity and versatility of stress-induced MKP-1 expression. Our results strongly suggest that chromatin remodeling after stress contributes to the transcriptional induction of MKP-1.
Triazoles. Part II. N-substitution of some 1 : 2 : 4-triazoles (1954)

M. R. Atkinson and J. B. Polya, J. Chem. Soc., 1954, 141 DOI: 10.1039/JR9540000141
Domino-CMOS barrel switch for 32-bit VLSI processors (1987)

A description is given of a full-fledged CMOS 32-bit barrel switch and its physical design. With an extensive use of domino-CMOS circuits with undecoded control signals, a high-speed, area-efficient barrel switch was designed to shift or rotate 32-bit data to the left or right by any number of bit positions between 0 and 31. Operating principles, timing requirements, gate matrix layout, and simulation and test results are discussed.
Electro-Oxidation of Borohydride on Rhodium, Iridium, and Rhodium–Iridium Bimetallic Nanoparticles with Implications to Direct Borohydride Fuel Cells (2010)

Electrochemical oxidation of borohydride is studied on nanosized rhodium, iridium, and bimetallic rhodium–iridium catalysts supported onto Vulcan XC72R carbon. The catalysts are characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy in conjunction with cyclic voltammetry and polarization studies. The studies reveal that a 20 wt % bimetallic Rh–Ir catalyst supported onto carbon (Rh–Ir/C) is quite effective for the oxidation of borohydride. Direct borohydride fuel cell with Rh–Ir/C as the anode catalyst and Pt/C as the cathode catalyst exhibits a peak power density of at a load current density of as against at for Rh/C and at for Ir/C while operating at . The synergistic catalytic activity for the bimetallic Rh–Ir nanoparticles toward borohydride oxidation is corroborated by density-functional theory calculations using electron-localization function.
HIV infection and AIDS in China. (1998)

HIV infection and AIDS in China. L Su, and F DuCopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.88.2.307 Published Online: October 07, 2011
Improved input power conditioning for fractional horsepower shipboard valve actuators (2009)

This paper presents the hardware implementation and control algorithms used in small electric valve actuators (<1000 VA) developed to address specific requirements outlined in MIL-STD-1399, Section 300 A and MIL-STD-461E. The design is fully compliant with the referenced specifications while adding significant reductions in size, cost, and complexity to comparable systems.