gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization Of The Infrared And Far-Infrared Properties Of Sapphire And Quartz (1988)

High-quality room-temperature data have been obtained on single-crystal sapphire and quartz in the far infrared (ν = 50-200 cm -1) and found to follow the expected v2 variation (based on the fluctuation-dissipation theorem, e.g., Huber and Van Vleck). An extrapolation to lower frequencies following the v2 curve is found to be consistent with experimental data down to 1 cm -1. It has been physically argued in the past that the absorption mechanism in this region arises from broad phonon difference bands. We find that a substantial fraction of the observed absorption is consistent with a red-wing extrapolation from the dominant one-phonon modes seen in the reflection spectrum. A combination of these two mechanisms is believed to account for the smooth falloff in absorption that is observed.
The β conformation of polypeptides of valine, isoleucine, and threonine in solution and solid‐state: Optical and infrared studies (1975)

Abstract Water‐soluble polypeptides of L ‐valyl and L ‐isoleucyl residues flanked with DL ‐lysyl blocks [poly( DL Lys · HCl) x –poly( L Val) y –poly( DL Lys · HCl) x , poly( DL Lys · HCl) x –poly‐( L Ile) y –poly( DL Lys · HCl) x ] and homopoly( L ‐threonine) were prepared. The β conformation of these polymers in water, as well as in aqueous methanol, was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy and circular dichroism studies. The optical properties of these valyl and isoleucyl polypeptides were quite different from those of previously reported synthetic homopolypeptides in the β structure. Their differences could be explained by the presence of a “ single extended β chain ” without either intra ‐ or inter chain association.
Peripheral Morphine Administration Blocks the Development of Hyperalgesia and Allodynia after Bone Damage in the Rat  (1998)

This study shows that local application of a low dose of morphine effectively blocks the development of hyperalgesia and allodynia in a rat model of bone damage through mu-opioid receptor action. These findings provide further evidence that local application of morphine at the time of orthopedic surgery, bone graft, or bone marrow harvesting may reduce the amount of postoperative pain.
9-[(<i>E</i>)-2-(2-Methoxyphenyl)ethenyl]-3,4,5,6,7,9-hexahydro-2<i>H</i>-xanthene-1,8-dione (2012)

In the title compound, C(22)H(22)O(4), the two cyclo-hexenone rings adopt half-chair conformations, whereas the six-membered pyran ring adopts a flattened boat conformation, with the O and methine C atoms deviating from the plane of the other four atoms by 0.142 (2) and 0.287 (2)Å, respectively. In the crystal, weak C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link mol-ecules into chains running parallel to the a axis.
Scheduled controller design for systems with two switching sensor configurations: A frequency-domain approach**This work is supported by the Dutch Technology Foundation (STW) under project “HyperMotion: Hybrid Control for Performance Improvement of Linear Motion Systems” (no. 10953). (2015)

In this paper, we consider a hybrid system consisting of a motion stage that exhibits, from a control point-of-view, position-dependent dynamics as a result of varying sensor configurations. A scheduled controller design is proposed that is intuitive for control engineers as all individual filters can be obtained using classical frequency-domain loop-shaping techniques thereby connecting to the industrial motion control practice. Moreover, data-based graphical conditions are provided in the frequency-domain under which closed-loop stability can be verified irrespective of how the switching between the controllers occurs in time. The effectiveness of the proposed scheduling technique, as a way to improve both transient and steady-state performance compared to the current state-of-the-art industrial control solution, is demonstrated by means of experiments on a high-precision industrial motion stage.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF MOLYBDENUM OXO COMPLEXES WITH SUBSTITUTED HYDRAZINES. PART 3. THE PREPARATION AND CRYSTAL AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF BIS(DIMETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATO)(N,N‐DIMETHYLHYDRAZIDO‐N′)OXOMOLYBDENUM(VI) (1980)

Abstract Die Dioxo‐Mo(VI)‐Komplexe (I) reagieren mit den Hydrazinen (II) zu den Hydrazido‐Komplexen (III), die IR‐ und NMR‐spektroskopisch charakterisiert werden.
A Multivariate Approach to Determine the Dimensionality of Human Facial Asymmetry (2020)

Many studies have suggested that developmental instability (DI) could lead to asymmetric development, otherwise known as fluctuating asymmetry (FA). Several attempts to unravel the biological meaning of FA have been made, yet the main step in estimating FA is to remove the effects of directional asymmetry (DA), which is defined as the average bilateral asymmetry at the population level. Here, we demonstrate in a multivariate context that the conventional method of DA correction does not adequately compensate for the effects of DA in other dimensions of asymmetry. This appears to be due to the presence of between-individual variation along the DA dimension. Consequently, we propose to decompose asymmetry into its different orthogonal dimensions, where we introduce a new measure of asymmetry, namely fluctuating directional asymmetry (F-DA). This measure describes individual variation in the dimension of DA, and can be used to adequately correct the asymmetry measurements for the presence of DA. We provide evidence that this measure can be useful in disentangling the different dimensions of asymmetry, and further studies on this measure can provide valuable insight into the underlying biological processes leading to these different asymmetry dimensions.
Estimation of Loading via Fingered Flow (1991)

Results of experimental investigations of fingered preferential flow are combined into a concise, conservative engineering methodology for predicting pollutant transport through fingered flow paths. An example comparing predicted groundwater loading of naphthalene using an EPA screening model and the proposed finger flow model illustrates the dramatic impact of fingered preferential flow on the loading of pollutants to groundwater aquifers.
Experimental Studies Regarding the Possible Use of Self-Curing Acrylic in Orthopaedic Surgery (1957)

1. Self-curing methyl methacrylate causes no more tissue reaction than does Vitallium in the rabbit or monkey. 2. It is not strong enough to be used without reinforcement where there is transverse stress. The strength seems adequate to withstand most compression stresses in the body. Strength is a limiting factor, however. 3. It can be obtained sterile and is available in convenient packages which can be stored for long periods. 4. Heat of polymerization is, at present, a troublesome and limiting factor. It can be controlled by various methods, but this adds to the inconvenience of using the material. 5. It can be molded quickly and easily by use of a negative mold. 6. It will not remain absolutely tight against the bone. This applies not only to plastic but also to steel and Vitallium. 7. Although at the present time, no uses in orthopaedic surgery can be recommended unequivocally, it is believed that it may find a place following more research on the basic material, especially as rgards the heat of polymerization.
HIGH LEVEL OF TOTAL AKT-1 PREDICTS HIGH-RISK OF BIOCHEMICAL RECURRENCE AND PROSTATE CANCER SPECIFIC DEATH (2009)

You have accessJournal of Urology1 Apr 2009HIGH LEVEL OF TOTAL AKT-1 PREDICTS HIGH-RISK OF BIOCHEMICAL RECURRENCE AND PROSTATE CANCER SPECIFIC DEATH Rile Li, Hong Dai, Thomas Wheeler, Mohammad Sayeeduddin, Peter Scardino, Anna Frolov, and Gustavo Ayala Rile LiRile Li More articles by this author , Hong DaiHong Dai More articles by this author , Thomas WheelerThomas Wheeler More articles by this author , Mohammad SayeeduddinMohammad Sayeeduddin More articles by this author , Peter ScardinoPeter Scardino More articles by this author , Anna FrolovAnna Frolov More articles by this author , and Gustavo AyalaGustavo Ayala More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(09)62157-1AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "HIGH LEVEL OF TOTAL AKT-1 PREDICTS HIGH-RISK OF BIOCHEMICAL RECURRENCE AND PROSTATE CANCER SPECIFIC DEATH." The Journal of Urology, 181(4S), p. 775 © 2009 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 181Issue 4SApril 2009Page: 775 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2009 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Rile Li More articles by this author Hong Dai More articles by this author Thomas Wheeler More articles by this author Mohammad Sayeeduddin More articles by this author Peter Scardino More articles by this author Anna Frolov More articles by this author Gustavo Ayala More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Does Barite Scale Deposit at a Kinetic Stable Flow? (2020)

Abstract Barium sulfate is one of the most serious problem in mineral scale precipitation, the deposition of barite on the surface is a concern to flow assurance in the oil well. The scale formation is typically predicted by thermodynamic solubility limit. However, it is believed that a kinetically stable region exists where no scale will form even when the solution is supersaturated. The purpose of this study is to identify the existence of such a supersaturated region where scale does not form and to determine whether inhibitor is needed to control scale at this range of supersaturation. Series of experiments were conducted in both batch reactor and flowing tube to investigate the range of supersaturation index (SI) where barite forms. In the batch experiments, a green laser apparatus was used to determine the induction time, which is defined as the time elapsed between the creation of supersaturation and detectable particle formation. In the flowing tubing experiments, the barium sulfate solution was continuously injected into a 92.7 cm 316 stainless steel tubing with 0.21 inch ID at SI = 0.3 to 1.2 at 120°C. The traveling time inside the tubing is 5 minutes with flow rate = 240 ml/hr. When barite SI = 0.3, no deposited barite were found in flowing tube which agrees with measured induction time in batch. However, at barite SI = 0.5 to 0.9, the deposited crystals were observed even though the predicted induction time is much longer than 5 minutes in the reactor tubing. The contradiction is, the barite deposited inside the flowing tube even though it was predicted not to precipitate in such short time according to batch experiment results. –The objective of this study is to resolve this apparent contradiction. The presence of the hydrodynamic boundary layer may explain this phenomena. Further investigations were conducted in a microfluidic device to visually measure the time and size of deposited crystals to verify the hypothesis. The measured nucleation time corresponds with the batch reactor nucleation time. The results indicate that the supersaturated solution inside the boundary layer may have enough time to precipitate and deposit. This concept explains some of the field experience that the scaling happens even at a low SI value. Furthermore, 0.25 ppm DTPMP can inhibit most of the barite deposition for 48 hours at 120°C with barite SI = 0.9. The result indicates that with trace amount of inhibitors in the boundary layer, the barite deposition can be prevented. On the other hand, 0.25 ppm PPCA shows partial inhibition and 1.0 ppm PPCA can completely inhibit barite deposition for 48 hours at 120 °C when barite SI equals to 0.9. This work contributes to the verification of the kinetic stable SI range. The experimental results suggest that the deposition can take place inside the boundary layer even at a SI value predicted to be safe. Trace amounts of inhibitors can prevent the deposition at the same conditions. It is believed that these results provide a novel view of scaling risk prediction.
Key role of T cell defects in age-related vulnerability to West Nile virus (2009)

West Nile virus (WNV) infection causes a life-threatening meningoencephalitis that becomes increasingly more prevalent over the age of 50 and is 40-50x more prevalent in people over the age of 70, compared with adults under the age of 40. In a mouse model of age-related vulnerability to WNV, we demonstrate that death correlates with increased viral titers in the brain and that this loss of virus control with age was the result of defects in the CD4 and CD8 T cell response against WNV. Specific age-related defects in T cell responses against dominant WNV epitopes were detected at the level of cytokine and lytic granule production, each of which are essential for resistance against WNV, and in the ability to generate multifunctional anti-WNV effector T cells, which are believed to be critical for robust antiviral immunity. In contrast, at the peak of the response, old and adult T cells exhibited superimposable peptide sensitivity. Most importantly, although the adult CD4 or CD8 T cells readily protected immunodeficient mice upon adoptive transfer, old T cells of either subset were unable to provide WNV-specific protection. Consistent with a profound qualitative and quantitative defect in T cell immunity, old brains contained at least 12x fewer total effector CD8 T cells compared with adult mice at the peak of brain infection. These findings identify potential targets for immunomodulation and treatment to combat lethal WNV infection in the elderly.
Dynamic Fracture of Thermosetting Resin System for Additive Manufacturing of Advanced Composites Using Digital Light Processing (2020)

This study examines the dynamic fracture behavior of high-performance thermosetting polymers for additive manufacturing (AM) to enable rapid production of lightweight and functional polymeric and composite materials that meet military requirements. We present a systematic investigation of the role of print orientation on the dynamic fracture response of a bis-GMA based AM polymer as a model material, using single edge notched tension (SENT) geometry. While most fracture criteria in predictive simulations use quasi-static values, fracture is innately dynamic and impulsively loaded cracks can have toughness values that differ by more than 20%. A unique long-bar striker apparatus is used to fire a striker at the opposite end of the notched and pre-cracked specimens in order to create a dominantly dynamic Mode-I (opening) fracture load. Digital Image Correlation (DIC) is used in conjunction with ultra high-speed imaging to capture the evolving displacement, and hence strain fields ahead of the crack tip. The elastodynamic solution accounting for inertial effects and wave interactions is optimized using a least squares fit to extract the evolving critical stress intensity factor (SIF) leading to initiation. Preliminary findings suggest that under impulsive loading, the print orientation does slightly affect the overall dynamic fracture toughness of the material.
Efficient Implementation of Cache Coherence in Scalable Shared Memory Multiprocessors (2001)

The cache coherence scheme for a scalable distributed shared memory multiprocessor should be efficient in terms of memory overhead for maintaining the directories, as well as network latency for a memory request. In this paper, we propose a cache coherence scheme which minimizes the memory access delay and at the same time, reduces the directory overhead by using a limited directory scheme. In the proposed scheme, pointer overflow is handled an efficient invalidation mechanism using logically embedded rings. rings for transmitting control messages. A single ring architecture for small scale multiprocessor and a multiple ring hierarchical architecture for a scalable multiprocessor are evaluated. In both the architectures, wormhole routing, in conjunction with the usage of ring, introduces a snoopy behavior to the proposed scheme. We will show, with the help of execution driven simulation results, that for several applications our techniques outperform the full map directory scheme, as well as the traditional implementations of limited directory schemes.
An Autonomous Microdigital Sun Sensor by a CMOS Imager in Space Application (2012)

Digital sun sensors are a category of attitude sensors applied on spacecraft. The proposed microdigital sun sensor (μDSS) is specifically applied for microsatellites. This application requires low power consumption, high accuracy, and radiation hardness, as well as miniaturization. The μDSS adopts a low-power windowing readout method: a two-step acquisition-tracking operation. The power consumed in the acquisition mode is significantly reduced with a profiling method which is enabled by a specific pixel design. The high accuracy is achieved by reducing the system thermal noise with a quadruple sampling method. The radiation hardness is strengthened by both hardware design and algorithm correction. The system miniaturization is realized by a SoC solution: integrating the active pixel sensor, timing control circuit, algorithm and processing circuit, and analog-to-digital converter on chip. The proposed μDSS achieves a 0.01° accuracy with 21 mW at 10 frame/s.
An alloantibody recognizing the FVIII A1 domain in a patient with CRM reduced haemophilia A due to deletion of a large portion of the A1 domain DNA sequence. (2000)

We report the development of a FVIII inhibitor in a patient with severe, cross reacting material reduced (CRM(R)) haemophilia A. The level of Factor VIII antigen (FVIII:Ag) measured by ELISA using anti-C2 monoclonal and alloantibodies was 1.9 U/dl. This baseline FVIII:Ag level was increased to 8.3 U/dl after administration of DDAVP. The anti-FVIII inhibitor titer was 2.9 Bethesda U/ml. DNA analysis showed a large deletion of the FVIII gene from exon 4 to 7, corresponding to amino acid residues 111-317 included within the A1 domain. The size of the gene deletion was approximately 28 kb. 5' and 3' breakpoints were identified by sequencing in intron 3 and intron 7, respectively. FVIII mRNA was detected in the patient's peripheral lymphocytes and the deletion spanning exon 4 to 7 was confirmed at the RNA level. Immunoprecipitation experiments using 125I labeled A1, A2 and light chain demonstrated that the inhibitor reacted only with the 54 kDa A1 domain. The inhibitor activity was more than 95% neutralized by A1 domain polypeptide. Our findings suggest a close relationship between the inhibitor epitope and the specific gene deletion with regard to the pathogenesis of the inhibitor in this patient.
Combined effects of irritants and allergens (2002)

Knowledge of the combined effects of irritants and allergens is of interest with respect to accurate risk assessment. The threshold for elicitation of allergic contact dermatitis in previously sensitized individuals may theoretically be markedly influenced by the simultaneous presence of irritants and allergens. Combined exposures have, however, only been studied infrequently. In the present study, the combined effect of an irritant and an allergen was evaluated in a dose-response designed experimental study. 20 nickel-sensitized subjects were exposed to patch testing with varying concentrations of NiCl2 (nickel chloride) and sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) alone and in combination. Evaluation of skin reactions was performed by colorimetry, measurement of transepidermal water loss and clinical evaluation, and the data were analyzed by logistic dose-response models. A synergistic effect was found of combined exposure to NiCl2 and SLS, as compared to each of the substances applied separately, as evaluated by colorimetry and clinical scoring. This means that the effect produced by the combined exposure was substantially greater than the effect produced by either of the substances alone. A synergistic effect of combined exposure on skin barrier impairment was not found, since the barrier function is significantly influenced by SLS-exposure only and not by NiCl2. Concentration limits are used by industry and government agencies to protect consumers. The present results clearly illustrate that elicitation thresholds and concentration limits may be influenced considerably by combined exposure to allergens and irritants.
RECIST and WHO Criteria Evaluation of Cervical, Thoracic and Abdominal Lymph Nodes in Patients with Malignant Lymphoma: Manual versus Semi-Automated Measurement on Standard MDCT Slices (2009)

Semi-automated measurement of cervical, thoracic and abdominal lymph nodes showed valid results on standard axial reconstructions compared to manual quantification with the limitation of a high false segmentation rate in thoracic lymph nodes.
Presence of covalently bound metabolites on rat hepatocyte plasma membrane proteins after administration of isaxonine, a drug leading to immunoallergic hepatitis in man (1989)

Isaxonine and several other drugs transformed by cytochrome P-450 into reactive metabolites apparently lead to immunoallergic hepatitis in man. Protein epitopes modified by the covalent binding of the metabolites have been proposed as possible targets for the immune response. The purpose of this work was to determine whether covalently bound metabolites are indeed present on hepatocyte plasma membrane proteins. In a first series of experiments, rats were killed 15 or 60 min after administration of [2-14C]isaxonine (0.2 mmol.kg-1 i.p.), and various fractions were prepared from isolated hepatocytes; microsomal contamination of the plasma membrane fraction was 1.2% or less. At 60 min, the amount of isaxonine metabolite covalently bound per mg of protein was similar in plasma membranes (0.42 nmole metabolite.mg protein-1) and in microsomes (0.38); both values were decreased by about 70% in rats pretreated with piperonyl butoxide, an inhibitor of cytochrome P-450. At 15 min, however, covalent binding to plasma membrane proteins (0.06 nmole metabolite.mg protein-1) was only half of that to microsomal proteins (0.12). In a second series of experiments, [2-14C] isaxonine (0.1 mM) was incubated with NADPH, hepatic microsomes and plasma membranes. The reactive isaxonine metabolite became bound extensively to microsomal proteins, but not to plasma membrane proteins. These results show that administration of isaxonine leads to the presence of isaxonine adducts on the proteins of the hepatocyte plasma membrane.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
An oral tactile interface for two-way communication (2002)

An oral tactile interface capable of two-way communication is demonstrated. The interface consists of a retainer-like mouthpiece that one can use not only to send out commands and controls but also to receive messages via the tactile channel. As a key component for such a tactile interface, a flexible electrotactile display with 7/spl times/7 dome-shaped tactors has been designed and fabricated for tactile presentation to the roof of the mouth. An oral tactile interface prototype is then realized by mounting the tactor array on top of a month impression and attaching a tongue operated keypad (NewAbilities, Mountain View, CA) at the bottom. An interfacing system is implemented to control the tactor array and interact with the tongue touch keypad. The system is programmed to simulate a scenario of navigation guidance via the oral tactile interface. It is demonstrated that a user may receive simple geospatial cues by sensing tactile patterns on the oral display, and meanwhile, manipulate an image of a person on the computer screen with the tongue-operated keypad. Psychophysical experiments on geospatial cues indicate that identification on left or right moving patterns is highly accurate while errors on forward or backward moving patterns vary considerably among subjects.