gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Materials/processing approaches to phase stabilization of thermally conductive pastes (1990)

An assessment of the phase stability of thermally conductive pastes using both accelerated off-line centrifuge testing and functional testing with high-performance multichip modules is presented. The formulations used to improve the phase stability of thermally conductive pastes exposed to thermomechanical stressing associated with temperature variations during power cycling are shown. The pastes derived from the formulations were characterized and functionally tested. Particle surface modification, materials, and milling are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
COOLING DOWN THE MIX : NAPA EXPLORES NEW "WARM MIX ASPHALT" TECHNOLOGIES DEVELOPED IN EUROPE (2003)

A review of new Hot Mix Asphalt technologies from Europe focuses on warm-mix, lower-temperature pavement material, as much as 100 degrees F lower than what is presently considered usable. Lower- temperature asphalt mixes would reduce the need for fuel, cut odors and reduce emissions. A tour of European facilities in the summer of 2002 brought industry leaders to cutting-edge asphalt plants, paving sites and completed roads in Germany and Norway. Questions to be studied further include the new asphalt's compatibility with U.S. mix designs, equipment, climate, and work practices, which are very different from Europe's. Of special concern is the need to retain the significant performance benefits of Stone Matrix Asphalt, Superpave and mixtures containing reclaimed asphalt pavement. The National Asphalt Pavement Association plans to initiate a research program to investigate these new mixes at the National Center for Asphalt Technology. Three different proprietary processes are the most widely used of the new technologies: a synthetic form of zeolite; WAM-Foam, a two-component system that uses soft and hard asphalt; and the use of organic additives with asphalt cement.
A computer-controlled knee prosthesis: a preliminary report (1989)

"A computer-controlled knee prosthesis: a preliminary report." Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology, 13(1-2), pp. 134–135
A SPI FLASH-based FPGA dynamic reconfiguration method (2013)

To make the FPGA configuration more flexible and easier, this article designs a SPI FLASH-based FPGA dynamic reconfiguration method according to the principle of FPGA configuration. In the paper, some of the key technologies in software design are analyzed and solved. Besides, the design has been verified on the hardware platform as well. The results show that this design is reasonably practicable and has achieved the design requirements of dynamic reconfiguration.
High performance bulk photovoltaics in narrow-bandgap centrosymmetric ultrathin films (2019)

Intensive bulk photovoltaic effects are produced in narrow-bandgap centrosymmetric materials by a new strategy based on polar nano-regions.
ChemInform Abstract: BIOMETHYLATION OF TOXIC ELEMENTS IN THE ENVIRONMENT (1977)

Abstract Auf der Basis von Redoxprozessen kann man die Biomethylierung toxischer Elemente, beispielsweise Queck‐ Silber, Palladium, Thallium, Blei, Platin, Gold, Zinn, Chrom, Selen, Arsen und Schw fel, erklären.
Magnetism in Disordered Graphene and Irradiated Graphite (2008)

The magnetic properties of disordered graphene and irradiated graphite are systematically studied using a combination of mean-field Hubbard model and first-principles calculations. By considering large-scale disordered models of graphene, I conclude that only single-atom defects can induce ferromagnetism in graphene-based materials. The preserved stacking order of graphene layers is shown to be another necessary condition for achieving a finite net magnetic moment of irradiated graphite. Ab initio calculations of hydrogen binding and diffusion and of interstitial-vacancy recombination further confirm the crucial role of stacking order in pi-electron ferromagnetism of proton-bombarded graphite.
Stroke Risk Predicts Verbal Fluency Decline in Healthy Older Men: Evidence From the Normative Aging Study (2001)

Risk factors for stroke cause ischemic changes in the cerebral white matter that may affect frontal lobe functions more than other brain functions. Therefore, stroke risk could specifically affect performance on behavioral indexes traditionally associated with frontal lobe function such as verbal fluency. The authors examined this hypothesis in 235 healthy older men (mean age = 66.41 years) who received concurrent medical and neuropsychological examinations twice at a 3-year interval. Relations between stroke risk and decline in verbal fluency, memory, and visuospatial performance were analyzed through regression, controlling for age and education. Age was associated with decline in all cognitive functions; stroke risk was associated with decline only on verbal fluency. The relation between stroke risk and fluency decline was 80% as large as that between age and fluency decline. These results suggest that stroke risk rivals the effects of aging on verbal fluency performance.
The multi 2D systolic design and implementation of Convolutional Neural Networks (2013)

A novel Systolic Convolutional Neural Network (SCoNN) architecture suitable to be implemented in a single hardware die is proposed in this paper. A large size of memory is required to store the input and intermediate data resulted among convolutional layers in the CoNN. However, to parallelize the computations, multiple memory accesses should be achieved simultaneously. Consequently, memory bandwidth should be increased by the use of either fast expensive components or complicated managed interleaved scheme. Our proposed system can address this challenge efficiently. This is achieved due to the use of smaller memory to store the input pattern and to re-use it as an intermediate memory for inter-processing patterns that produced between two convolutional layers. Using systolic technique which can efficiently exploit its input leads to achieve this goal. A high parallelism level can be achieved with a minimal number of memory accesses. Also, the proposed computational units is designed to be suitable for processing an image of scaled resolutions. The reason behind that is attributed to using a sliding window architecture to implement the convolution process. Now apart from the size of the input pattern or window and instead of feeding the window across the image, the image is fed through the window due to using FIFO caching scheme. According to these advantages, an easily, efficient, and scalable SCoNN architecture can be implemented using small FPGA resources.
Occlusion Matting: Realistic Occlusion Handling for Augmented Reality Applications (2017)

Nowadays, visualizations in Augmented Reality have to be as realistic as possible with lowest possible computational cost. In this paper, we present a real-time solution to realize dynamic occlusions. Sometimes virtual objects are softly, partially or totally occluded by real objects. Incorrect and inaccurate occlusion handling breaks the illusion of co-existence between the real and virtual world on the one hand and can result in wrong depth perception on the other hand. Our approach formulates the occlusion problem as alpha matting problem. Instead of calculating the visibility for each pixel of the virtual objects we estimate a blending coefficient. This enables a seamless integration of virtual objects in the real world, even for fuzzy foreground objects (like hair). Our approach takes raw depth information of the real scene (e.g. obtained by a low cost depth sensor) to realize rough foreground background segmentation. The blending coefficient between transitions where depth values are typically noisy is estimated based on the color image. Experimental evaluations of several scenes demonstrate that our algorithm produces consistent and visually appealing occlusions between the real and virtual scene with low computational cost. Furthermore, we compare the results with related depth-based approaches and show that our algorithm overcomes previous limitations.
Vital Energy the Antebellum Health Movement (1991)

Abstract: While the notion of the relationship between well-being and energy attracts nurses, the idea is not new to health care. During antebellum America a “medical counterculture” embraced an assortment of holistic beliefs which challenged orthodox medicine. This historical essay describes the holistic health movement of the 1800's and emphasizes the notion that health is both a product and a prisoner of any epoch's social, economic, and intellectual context. Although the past is not prologue, the essay suggests patterns and reactions of the health movement which will seem familiar to holisic health nurse practioners. The conceptual struggle of mind/body interaction and the questions regarding which entity has priority or supremacy have puzzled health practioners for centuries.
Depth versus breadth: How content coverage in high school science courses relates to later success in college science coursework (2008)

Abstract This study relates the performance of college students in introductory science courses to the amount of content covered in their high school science courses. The sample includes 8310 students in introductory biology, chemistry, or physics courses in 55 randomly chosen U.S. colleges and universities. Students who reported covering at least 1 major topic in depth, for a month or longer, in high school were found to earn higher grades in college science than did students who reported no coverage in depth. Students reporting breadth in their high school course, covering all major topics, did not appear to have any advantage in chemistry or physics and a significant disadvantage in biology. Care was taken to account for significant covariates: socioeconomic variables, English and mathematics proficiency, and rigor of their preparatory high science course. Alternative operationalizations of depth and breadth variables result in very similar findings. We conclude that teachers should use their judgment to reduce coverage in high school science courses and aim for mastery by extending at least 1 topic in depth over an extended period of time. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Sci Ed 93: 798–826, 2009
XXXVIII.<i>A suggested method for extending microscopic resolution into the ultra-microscopic region</i> (1928)

(1928). XXXVIII. A suggested method for extending microscopic resolution into the ultra-microscopic region. The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science: Vol. 6, No. 35, pp. 356-362.
Effective C++ CD (1998)

From the Publisher:
Scott Meyers is an undisputed guru of C++, best known for his incisive guidelines on effective use of the language. This CD includes the complete text of his Effective C++ and More Effective C++, plus a collection of recent C++ magazine articles. Far more than the sum of Meyers' two books, the CD has over 2000 separate links: within and between the books, among the books and the articles, and from the books and articles to the Internet. Meyers personally selected the magazine articles to complement the material in his books, and they make the CD even more comprehensive and up-to-date.
Navigating the Effective C++ CD is fast and easy, because it takes advantage of powerful new features in the leading web browsers. You never have to dick more than twice to get to the information you want.
The CD offers unprecedented support for linking into the material, so seamlessly integrating the CD with a collection of HTML documents (such as an Intranet) is painless. Also unprecedented is the CD's configurability. Preference options control the size of images, diagrams, and file sizes, resulting in a system that looks good and responds quickly, regardless of your configuration.
The Pacemaker Syndrome (1985)

The pacemaker syndrome is a complex of clinical signs and symptoms related to the adverse hemodynamic and electrophysiologic consequences of ventricular pacing in the absence of other causes. Neurologic symptoms or those suggesting low cardiac output or congestive heart failure, temporally related to the onset of ventricular pacing, are indicative of the pacemaker syndrome. The evolution of a clinically recognized syndrome, an analysis of possible mechanisms and clinical manifestations, and diagnostic approaches and their implications for management are discussed.
[Long term experience with the LifeSite hemodialysis device]. (2003)

We present the first report on the long term use of the LifeSite hemodialysis access system in patients who have no possibility of arteriovenous fistula creation. This system consist of a titanium alloy valve and silicone catheter which is placed in a central vein. Conventionally two devices are placed for optimal blood draw and return but single needle dialysis is possible using only one device. We have used this system in six patients since February 1999. Four patients continue to use the LifeSite for dialysis while one patient transferred to peritoneal dialysis because of hemodynamic instability during dialysis and one patient died of mesenteric infarction. Blood flow using two devices is excellent (300-345 ml/min). The infection rate is low (about 1.7 episodes per 1,000 days) and most patients were successfully treated without the need to remove the device. Two patients required temporary removal of one device because of local infection. While this, they were dialysed via a single needle using the remaining device. In our experience the LifeSite system appears a useful alternative in patients in whom a native fistula is not possible and it is able to provide effective dialysis for at least three years.
Reinvest, recruit and rebuild to protect the future of IT (2005)

Purpose Explores the reasons for, and possible solutions to, the shortage of suitably trained and experienced employees in information technology. Findings Discusses the importance of ongoing development for existing IT employees and the need to invest in recruiting new talent for the industry. Explains how internal IT apprenticeship and trainee schemes can help to promote employee retention. Practical implications Highlights the benefits that one company, Comunica, has obtained from its employee development and calls for other major employers to follow suit. Originality/value Provides a useful reminder of the need for increased investment in developing IT skills.
Modeling and simulation of a traction control algorithm for an electric vehicle with four separate wheel drives (2003)

The aim of this paper is to present a traction control algorithm for an electric vehicle (EV) with four separate wheel drives. This algorithm is necessary to improve the handling and stability of EV during cornering or under slippery road conditions. It distributes the traction power among four drives and especially an independent torque reference on each wheel. The proposed algorithm is implemented in terms of a hierarchical architecture, which incorporates all new known vehicle systems ABS (anti-lock brake system), ASR (anti slip regulation), ESP (electronic stability program). To achieve good performance a correlation of the traction controller with motor performance has been implemented. Several simulation results, which show the potential of such a algorithm, are presented.
Removal of carbonaceous and nitrogenous pollutants from a synthetic wastewater using a membrane-coupled bioreactor (2004)

Two modified Ludzack-Ettinger (MLE)-type membrane-coupled bioreactors (MBRs) were investigated in this study for the purpose of removing both nitrogenous and carbonaceous pollutants from a synthetic wastewater. During the first MBR experiment, removal efficiencies were high (>90%) for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia, but total nitrogenous pollutant removal efficiency was poor (approximately 25%). Bacterial community analysis of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) by a nested PCR-DGGE approach detected two Nitrosomonas-like populations and one Nitrosospira-like population. During the initial portion of the second MBR experiment, COD and ammonia removal efficiencies were similar to the first MBR experiment until the COD of the influent wastewater was increased to provide additional electron donors to support denitrification. Total nitrogen removal efficiencies eventually exceeded 90%, with a hydraulic residence time (HRT) of 24 h and a recirculation ratio of 8. When the HRT of the MBR experiment was decreased to 12 h, however, ammonia removal efficiency was adversely affected. A subsequent increase in the HRT to 18 h helped improve removal efficiencies for both ammonia (>85%) and total nitrogenous compounds (approximately 70%). Our research demonstrates that MBRs can be effectively designed to remove both carbonaceous and nitrogenous pollutants. The ability of the microbial community to switch between anoxic (denitrifying) and oxic (nitrifying) conditions, however, represents a critical process constraint for the application of MLE-type MBR systems, such that little benefit is gained compared to conventional designs.
Production and Economics of Steers Grazing Tall Fescue with Annual Legumes or Fertilized with Nitrogen (2012)

ABSTRACT Use of cool‐season forage legumes may decrease production costs and improve returns to beef cattle ( Bos spp.) producers. The objective of this 3‐yr field study was to compare the performance and economics of stocker cattle grazing tall fescue { Festuca arundinacea Schreb. [syn. Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort] ‘Texoma MaxQ II’} under two N systems. Paddocks (0.81 ha) were either a tall fescue with 112 kg N ha −1 (fertilized so that a total of soil residual N plus fertilizer would equal 112 kg N ha −1 ) (TF‐N) or contained a tall fescue with annual legume mixture (arrowleaf clover [ Trifolium vesiculosum Savi], hairy vetch [ Vicia villosa Roth], and field pea [ Pisum sativum L.] (TF‐Leg). Steers ( Bos taurus ; 282 ± 67 kg initial body weight) were weighed every 28 d during each grazing season, and stocking rates were adjusted based on forage mass with put‐and‐take steers. In each 28‐d grazing period, forage mass, forage allowance, and stocker average daily gain (ADG) and total gain (TG) were measured. Results show a greater number of grazing days (429 and 334 d ha −1 , respectively; p = 0.03) were associated with the TF‐N system than the TF‐Leg system while animal performance (ADG of 0.70 kg per head d −1 ; p = 0.61) and TG (296 and 237 kg ha −1 ; p = 0.10) were similar. The 3‐yr average total cost with establishment and gross revenue were similar between the TF‐N (US$460.67 and $691.16 ha −1 , respectively) and TF‐Leg systems ($466.79 and $553.33 ha −1 , respectively). However, the TF‐N system showed a tendency toward greater expected net return than the TF‐Leg system ($224.35 and $92.67 ha −1 , respectively; p = 0.08).
The Colonization of Peyer's Patches by a Strain of Salmonella typhimurium Cured of the Cryptic Plasmid (1986)

We cured a strain of Salmonella typhimurium of its cryptic plasmid and confirmed that orally administered cured strains lost virulence for mice. Loss of the cryptic plasmid rendered the S. typhimurium strain sensitive to the bactericidal action of normal human serum. However, loss of the plasmid did not change the ability of the strain to associate with HeLa cells in tissue culture. Furthermore, when administered orally to mice, both the plasmid-containing and plasmid-free strains invaded the Peyer's patches of the small intestine to the same extent, and both were capable of inducing resistance to oral challenge with virulent S. typhimurium. When injected intraperitoneally, the cured strain was eliminated rapidly, whereas the parental strain persisted. We also showed that the cured strain did not contain a plasmid copy in the chromosome. We propose that although the plasmid-cured strain of S. typhimurium is able to colonize Peyer's patches, it cannot survive when administered intraperitoneally because it is susceptible to elimination by macrophages.
Advanced age, but not anergy, is associated with altered serum polyunsaturated fatty acid levels. (2003)

Unknown factors present in the serum of older adults impair lymphocyte function and may be responsible for anergy (absence of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH)) present in many older adults. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and their metabolites are immunomodulatory and may play a role in clinical conditions of advanced age, including immune dysfunction. We hypothesized that PUFAs could be the factor(s) present in serum that contribute to impaired immune responses in older adults. Prior studies of serum PUFAs in older adults neither adequately control dietary PUFA intake, nor investigated the relationship of PUFAs and DTH responses. We determined serum PUFA concentrations in young adults with normal immune responses, and older adults with impaired (anergic elderly) or normal immunity (nonanergic elderly) before and after administering a standardized diet. After controlling for dietary intake, advancing age was associated with markedly higher serum concentrations of arachidonic acid (AA), dihomo-gamma-linoleic acid (DGLA), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and a lower AA:EPA ratio. Other serum PUFAs and the AA:DGLA ratio were unaffected by age. However, there was no difference between older adults with or without anergy. These data suggest advanced age is associated with marked alterations of serum PUFAs that are only apparent after strictly controlling dietary intake. However, there was no association of serum PUFA concentrations with DTH status among older adults.
Fixing missing eye-contact in video conferencing systems (2011)

A novel but simple and experimentally motivated method related to the Mona Lisa effect for establishing eye contact in video conferences using big screens and cameras mounted above the screens is proposed.
Between-batch variability of thermal characteristics of commercially available L'vov platform graphite tube atomisers and analytical accuracy in electrothermal atomisation atomic absorption spectrometry (1987)

Variable lead atom signals and analytical sensitivities, with several batches of commercially available L'vov platform graphite tube atomisers, gave unacceptably poor analytical performances in an established ETA-AAS method for the determination of lead in whole blood. The source of the variation was identified as the variable contact between the L'vov platform and the grooves cut into the inner wall of the graphite tube which produced variable rates of atomisation. The problem was overcome by using L'vov platforms in non-grooved tubes, but a long-term remedy requires an alternative support for the L'vov platform within the graphite tube.
Forensics as a Service (2013)

In today’s dynamic information technology system, one area of tremendous focus and recent growth has been that of the cloud-computing model in its various offerings. With this growth, however, come new challenges within the realms of e-discovery and digital forensics, as we traditionally know it. The rapid growth of cloud-computing services and the rate of acceptance and use by consumers are on the rise. Conversely, both legitimate and illegitimate activates can leverage the resources of the cloud to execute their operations. With the challenges growing to combat computer crime that utilizes the cloud ecosystem and the ease of which a criminal activity may be hidden using a cloud service, it is imperative that a cloud provider dedicate time, training, budget, and other resources to provide the facility for forensic investigators as well as law enforcement to combat this threat. The Cloud-Forensics-as-a-Service (FRaaS) model introduced later in this chapter can provide a comprehensive cloud forensics solution for creating a repeatable system. Such a system could be implemented as a standard forensics operational model for deployment within the cloud ecosystem regardless of environments and client service lines.