gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Low-power BitStream Controller for H.264/AVC Baseline Decoding (2006)

In this paper, the authors present the design and VLSI implementation of a low-power bitstream controller for H.264/AVC baseline profile decoding. It is comprised of bitstream parsing and three dedicated decoders for intra-prediction mode, inter-motion vector and boundary strength. Various low-power design techniques, such as statistic-based data driven decoding, hierarchical FSM decomposition, nonuniform LUT partition favoring smaller tables, module-wise clock gating are employed. Due to a clever architecture design, the proposed work is capable of decoding realtime QCIF of 30 fps at a required operating frequency as low as 1MHz or even slower. A prototype chip, fabricated in a 0.18mum CMOS process, has an area of 3.6mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> with 47k gate counts and dissipates 113muW of power on a 1.8V supply
Analysis of Electric Machinery (1986)

Originally published in 1986 by McGraw-Hill. Focusing on the areas of electric power and electric drives, this advanced text and industry reference emphasizes analysis and formulation for control applications and computer simulation. Annotation copyright Book News, Inc. Portland, Or.
ADAPTIVE MODEL BASED COMBUSTION PHASING CONTROL FOR MULTI FUEL SPARK IGNITION ENGINES (2013)

This research describes a physics-based control-oriented feed-forward model, combined with cylinder pressure feedback, to regulate combustion phasing in a spark-ignition engine operating on an unknown mix of fuels. This research may help enable internal combustion engines that are capable of on-the-fly adaptation to a wide range of fuels. These engines could; (1) facilitate a reduction in bio-fuel processing, (2) encourage locally-appropriate bio-fuels to reduce transportation, (3) allow new fuel formulations to enter the market with minimal infrastructure, and (4) enable engine adaptation to pump-to-pump fuel variations. These outcomes will help make bio-fuels cost-competitive with other transportation fuels, lessen dependence on traditional sources of energy, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions from automobiles; all of which are pivotal societal issues. Spark-ignition engines are equipped with a large number of control actuators to satisfy fuel economy targets and maintain regulated emissions compliance. The increased control flexibility also allows for adaptability to a wide range of fuel compositions, while maintaining efficient operation when input fuel is altered. Ignition timing control is of particular interest because it is the last control parameter prior to the combustion event, and significantly influences engine efficiency and emissions. Although Map-based ignition timing control and calibration routines are state of art, they become cumbersome when the number of control degrees of freedom increases are used in the engine. The increased system complexity motivates the use of model-based methods to minimize product development time and ensure calibration flexibility when the engine is altered during the design process. A closed loop model based ignition timing control algorithm is formulated with: 1) a feed forward fuel type sensitive combustion model to predict combustion duration from spark to 50% mass burned; 2) two virtual fuel property observers for octane number and laminar flame speed feedback; 3) an adaptive combustion phasing target model that is able to self-calibrate for wide range of fuel sources input. The proposed closed loop algorithm is experimentally validated in real time on the dynamometer. Satisfactory results are observed and conclusions are made that the closed loop approach is able to regulate combustion phasing for multi fuel adaptive SI engines.
Crystallization of zirconia films by thermal annealing (1986)

Thin films of zirconium dioxide were produced by ion-beam sputter deposition onto fused silica substrates. The deposition process involved a Kaufman-type ion source with ion energy of 1100 eV, beam current density 1.5 mA/cm2, and argon to oxygen ratio of 40:60. Raman scattering was used to monitor crystallization. When the zirconia film was thermally annealed in air, it first crystallized into a mixed tetragonal and monoclinic phase at 450 °C. Further heating beyond 900 °C showed a transformation to a cubic phase. The crystalline transformations decreased the film refractive index from 2.2 to 2.0, significantly increased both the optical absorption and scattering, and lowered the optical band gap from 3.8 to 3.2 eV.
Effects of Schizonepeta Spica water extrect on the OVA-induced BALB/c mice model of allergic rhinitis (2015)

Objectives : The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Schizonepeta Spica water extract (SS) on the OVA-induced BLAB/c mice allergic rhinitis model.Methods : Thirty two BALB/c mice were equally assigned to 4 groups; the sham group, the control group, the cetirizine hydrochloride (Cet) treatment group, and the SS treatment group. Sham group was sensitized and challenged with saline, and the other groups were sensitized and challenged with OVA. The dosage of SS was 7.6 mg /kg·day, and Cet was 10 mg/kg·day. Nasal rubbing and sneezing were measured by the behavior observation. The concentrations of IL-1β, IL-10, TNF-α and MIP-2 in the sera of allergic rhinitis model were measured by mouse cytokine/chemokine magnetic bead panel kits. Total IgE and OVA-specific IgE were measured by ELISA method. Epithelial thickness and eosinophil infiltration of nasal septum was investigated by histological examination.Results : The clinical symptoms that increased in control group were significantly reduced in SS-treated group. Serum total IgE and OVA-specific IgE in the SS-treated group were significantly reduced compared to the control group. The concentration of IL-1β, IL-10, TNF-α and MIP-2 in SS-treated group showed a significant reduction compared to the control group. The infiltration of eosinophil into nasal tissues of SS-treated group decreased markedly compared to control group, and thickness of nasal septum in nasal mucosa showed a significant reduction compared to control group.Conclusions : According to the above result, it is suggested that SS may inhibit the early and late phase of allergic rhinitis reaction.
Serum parathyroid hormone-related protein levels during lactation. (1995)

We measured parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) in the serum of 15 healthy women within three days of beginning breast-feeding and within one hour of completing nursing. A sensitive immunoradiometric assay that measures N-terminal PTHrP containing at least the first 74 amino acids was used. We found normal PTHrP values in all patients. Values one day before and two days after delivery in a hypoparathyroid woman who chose not to breast-feed were also normal. Since N-terminal PTHrP fragments of 1-36 amino acids or more are biologically active, we believe additional studies using sensitive PTHrP assays that measure smaller fragments and investigations performed under other conditions of breast-feeding are necessary before concluding that PTHrP does not have a role in calcium homeostasis in nursing mothers. Furthermore, additional studies in hypoparathyroid nursing mothers should be performed.
Die Vorhersage der Dauerschwingfestigkeit unter Berücksichtigung des statistischen Größeneinflusses (1982)

Abstract Es wurden 310 Zug‐Druck‐Dauerschwingversuche im reinen Wechsellastbereich an glatten und gekerbten Rundproben unterschiedlicher Größe (11 Probeserien) im Übergangsgebiet des Wöhlerfeldes durchgeführt. Die Auswertung der Versuche erfolgte unter Zugrundelegung der statistischen Fehlstellentheorie. Die beiden Konstanten des zweiparametrigen Weibullansatzes wurden für jede Probenserie bestimmt. Der Vergleich zwischen experimentellem und berechnetem Wert wurde jeweils für die Dauerfestigkeit mit einer Bruchwahrscheinlichkeit von 50% vorgenommen. Verwendet man zur Vorhersage die Ergebnisse nur einer Probeserie, so können die. Ergebnisse der anderen Probeserien mit einem mittleren Fehler von 5% (max. 14,1%) berechnet werden. Legt man alle experimentellen Ergebnisse der Vorhersage zugrunde, so verringert sich der mittlere Fehler auf 3,2% (max. 5,7%). Die statistische Fehlstellentheorie kann daher für querschnittshomogene Werkstoffe im Übergangsgebiet des Wöhlerfeldes mit sehr gutem Ergebnis zur Beschreibung des Größeneinflusses herangezogen werden.
A configurable AES processor for enhanced security (2005)

We propose a configurable AES processor for extended-security communication. The proposed architecture can provide up to 219 different AES block cipher schemes within a reasonable hardware cost. Data can be encrypted not only with secret keys and initial vectors, but also by different block ciphers during the communication. A novel on-the-fly key expansion design is also proposed for 128-, 192-, and 256-bit keys. Our unified hardware can run both the original AES algorithm and the extended AES algorithm. The proposed processor design has been fabricated by a 0.25μm CMOS process, with a silicon area of 6.93mm2---about 200.5K equivalent gates. Under a 66MHz clock, the throughput rate for both the ECB and CBC operation modes are 844.8Mbps, 704Mbps, and 603.4Mbps for 128-bit, 192-bit, and 256-bit keys, respectively.
CD44 and hematologic malignancies. (2006)

The expression of CD44 was upregulated in some hematological malignancies and is associated with metastasis and prognosis. The ligation of CD44 with specific monoclonal antibodies can trigger terminal differentiation of leukemic blasts in some subtypes, so it is probable to develop an anti-CD44 based differentiation therapy in leukemia. The effects of CD44 and its monoclonal antibodies are discussed in this review.
A DSP based method for audio stimuli generation (2002)

Audio stimuli generation for tonal audiometry, realized by direct digital synthesis (DDS) is described. Introduction of digital methods in audiometry enables not only increased parameter accuracy and resolution, but simple research with new examination procedures. The signal obtained by the developed generator based on a digital signal processor (ADSP 2181) showed excellent properties for application in tonal audiometry: high spectral purity, high signal/noise ratio, high frequency and amplitude resolution and accuracy.
The Problem (1977)

‘Within the whole gate of my people (Ruth III, 11) there has not yet arisen an historian in Israel like Josephus …they ceased, the writers of memorials, they ceased, until I arose, even I, Joseph’ (Judges v, 7). In these words, R. Joseph HaCohen (1496–1578), the author of a history of the kings of France and Ottoman Turkey, signified the novelty of his enterprise. His contemporary, R. Solomon Ibn Verga, seems to confirm this notion of Jewish unconcern with the past and to make it a source of reproach. In his chronicle of persecution, Shevet Yehudah (Adrianople, 1553), Ibn Verga seems to suggest a contrast, unfavourable to the Jews, between their attitude to history and that of the Christians. At one point, when he is relating the downfall of Persia in its war with Ishmael (Islam), allegedly because of the persecution it had inflicted on the Jews, Ibn Verga expresses the hope that the King of Spain will benefit from this precedent, when it is brought before him, ‘as is the custom of the Christians, for they will wish to know earlier matters to take counsel from them and this is because of their insight and their enlightenment’.1
Simple methods for making EcoK and McrA restrictionless mutants (1991)

Journal Article Simple methods for making EcoK and McrA restrictionless mutants Get access K. Hiom, K. Hiom Genetics Division National Institute for Medical ResearchMill Hill, London NW7 1AA, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar S.G. Sedgwick S.G. Sedgwick Genetics Division National Institute for Medical ResearchMill Hill, London NW7 1AA, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 19, Issue 9, 11 May 1991, Page 2502, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/19.9.2502 Published: 11 May 1991 Article history Received: 19 March 1991 Published: 11 May 1991
Low bit-rate speech coders for multimedia communication (1996)

The International Telecommunications Union (ITU) has standardized three speech coders which are applicable to low-bit-rate multimedia communications. ITU Rec. G.729 8 kb/s CS-ACELP has a 15 ms algorithmic codec delay and provides network-quality speech. It was originally designed for wireless applications, but is applicable to multimedia communications as well. Annex A of Rec. G.729 is a reduced-complexity version of the CS-ACELP coder. It was designed explicitly for simultaneous voice and data applications that are prevalent in low-bit-rate multimedia communications. These two coders use the same bitstream format and can interoperate. The ITU Rec. G.723.1 6.3 and 5.3 kb/s speech coder for multimedia communications was designed originally for low-bit-rate videophones. Its frame size of 30 ms and one-way algorithmic codec delay of 37.5 ms allow for a further reduction in bit rate compared to the G.729 coder. In applications where low delay is important, the delay of G.723.1 may be too large. However, if the delay is acceptable, G.723.1 provides a lower-complexity alternative to G.729 at the expense of a slight degradation in quality. This article describes the attributes of speech coders such as bit rate, complexity, delay, and quality. Then it discusses the basic concepts of the three new ITU coders by comparing their specific attributes. The second part of this article describes the standardization process for each of these coders.
Aniracetam improves radial maze performance in rats (1992)

The memory enhancing effect of the pyrrolidinone derivative aniracetam was investigated in rats trained in a delayed-response task in an 8-arm radial maze. Oral administration of aniracetam (100, 200, 400, or 800 mg kg-1) 16 h and again 1 h prior to a first trial of exposure to a given configuration of 4 baited arms resulted in a significant improvement in performance during a second trial in the maze given 3 h later in which there was access to all 8 arms but only the other 4 arms were baited. The pattern of baited arms was varied daily. The performance enhancement was greatest for the highest doses. These results extend the demonstration of the cognition enhancing effects of aniracetam to a spatial memory task in rats.
Expression of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Capsid Proteins in Silkworm-Baculovirus Expression System and Its Utilization as a Subunit Vaccine (2008)

The results suggest that this strategy might be used to develop the new subunit FMDV vaccine.
A new cost effective solution for control of electrical actuators (2011)

This paper presents a new cost effective solution for velocity and position control of a linear actuator, equipped with a brushless DC motor. Specifically, a practically validated solution is presented, which combines a speed estimator and a method of emulating an absolute position sensor, both using only digital Hall sensors signals.
Factors associated with recovery from and relapse into major depressive disorder in the elderly (1993)

The findings are consistent with research in mixed-age samples that has documented the influence of interpersonal factors on the course of depression.
Claimpotential in unvollständigen Verträgen im internationalen Anlagengeschäft (2000)

Sämtliche Kooperationen und Leistungsbeziehungen basieren auf Regeln und Vereinbarungen, die in Verträgen fixiert werden. Sie müssen festlegen, was von welcher Vertragspartei unter welchen Bedingungen und zu welchem Zeitpunkt zu tun bzw. nicht zu tun ist.117 Mit der Konstruktion von Verträgen beschäftigt sich die Theorie der Vertragsgestaltung. Das Ziel der Vertragsgestaltung ist es, effiziente Verträge zu formulieren. Ein Vertrag ist dann effizient, wenn kein anderer Vertrag für beide Partner zu einem mindestens ebenso günstigen und für mindestens einen Vertragspartner zu einem besseren Ergebnis führt als der abgeschlossene Vertrag.118 Im Rahmen der Vertragstheorie sind verschiedene Typologien von Vertragsarten entwickelt sowie deren Besonderheiten und mögliche Einsatzfelder analysiert und beschrieben worden.119
A catenary problem (2001)

In this paper we develop a simple model to determine how high a static swing, with an occupant, is above the ground. The height of the swing is determined by how the supporting chains arrange themselves. Numerical solutions for several cases are calculated and these demonstrate that even though the shape of the supporting chains appears to vary considerably when they support differing weights, the actual effect on the height is minimal. We then go on to answer the question as to whether the same swing on the moon (carrying the same mass) sits higher or lower than the equivalent swing on earth.
Measurement of BLDC Motor Efficiency for Commutation Angle Optimisation (2015)

This paper describes an approach for measuring efficiency of BLDC motor fan for different commutation angles. Such measurement is needed for commutation angle optimisation. Experimental measurement shows that fan speed fluctuates around the long time average value. Therefore, the statistical approach is used to define the number of samples in moving average calculation of efficiency for selected confidence interval. In most cases, the commutation angles are derived from the fixed position Hall sensor. Presented measurement shows that efficiency is a continuous function of several angle parameters with the global maximum. Commutation angle of this global maximum does not match the Hall sensor signal exactly. Hence, simple gradient optimisation method can be used to find optimal commutation angles for the highest efficiency.
Organocatalytic Asymmetric C–H Vinylation and Arylation of<i>N</i>-Acyl Tetrahydroisoquinolines (2015)

The first organocatalytic enantioselective oxidative C-H functionalization of N-acyl tetrahydroisoquinolines with vinyl and aryl boronates promoted by a chiral Brønsted acid is described. This metal-free process tolerates a wide range of electronically varied N-acyl tetrahydroisoquinolines and structurally diverse boronates with good to excellent enantioselectivities.
Electron-Rich Nitrido-Bridged Complexes. Structure and Bonding in Triosmium Dinitrido Compounds (1999)

Triosmium dinitrido-bridged compounds Os3(N)2Cl8L6 (L = 3-picoline, 4-ethylpyridine, 4-tert-butylpyridine) have been prepared via the thermolysis of the terminal nitrido complexes Os(N)Cl3L2. X-ray structural studies of Os3(N)2Cl8(4-Etpy)6 and Os3(N)2Cl8(4-t-Bupy)6 reveal a linear Os3(N)2 unit with multiple bonding significantly localized in the outer osmium−nitrogen bonds in OsV⋮NOsIVN⋮OsV. A simple model of bonding and electronic structure consistent with the solid-state structures is discussed.
Expert system for development of request for proposal packages and evaluation of proposals (2003)

The author describes a data/knowledge-base system that uses and manages libraries of information (e.g. standard request-for-proposal paragraphs, accumulated technical/acquisition expertise, government regulations, proposal evaluation criteria, status/management information, etc.). In both the preparation of the document to be published and the evaluation of documents received, these libraries and the automated processes associated with them can assist in standardization, control, quantification, comparison, and security. The addition of a library of qualitative rules allows preparers to evaluate the success potential of their documents based on experience and assumptions. Although this system uses currently available technology, its approach to the problem provides a comprehensive solution that is otherwise unavailable.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Advanced Modeling Technology: Optimizing Bit-Reamer Interaction Leads to Performance Step-Change in Hole Enlargement While Drilling (2010)

Abstract The increasing necessity for hole enlargement while drilling (HEWD) technology has resulted in an essential need for engineers to fully understand the interaction between the drill bit and the hole opening tool. Inefficiency and damaging bit and bottom hole assembly (BHA) vibrations, caused by improper bit and reamer selection when drilling through interbedded formations and formation transitions, are a leading cause of inconsistent performance including excessive torque, low rate of penetration (ROP) and downhole tool failures (DTF). To mitigate vibrations, operators required a comprehensive analysis system/process that would allow them to model the complex BHA interaction in a virtual environment and quantitatively compare the performance of various design scenarios. To solve the challenge, the drilling team utilized a comprehensive, 4-D finite element model that couples laboratory results with a sophisticated computer simulator that calculates the drilling system’s dynamic performance from the bit back to surface in a real-time domain. Unlike other modeling programs that assume the contact forces between the cutter and rock, this advanced model utilizes exact cutting structure details coupled with the laboratory-derived rock mechanics to accurately predict the behavior of the bit and reamer with the entire drill string and bottom hole assembly. The effects of each specific BHA component and variations in drilling parameters on vibrations, ROP, and directional tendency can then be quantitatively evaluated.
Mixed Gas Transport Study Through Polymeric Membranes: a Novel Technique (1997)

The gas transport and separation properties of polymers have been successfully exploited in commercial ventures. Industrial applications employing membrane processes range from production of pure gases to barrier coatings for protection against environmental elements. Membrane separations are simple, energy efficient processes, which can be economically competitive with traditional separation technologies. Membrane separation and permeation characteristics for a particular mixed gas system is typically calculated from single-component transport parameters, namely, diffusion coefficients and solubility constants. In certain gas systems involving gaseous or vapor mixtures, where mass transport is affected by coupling effects or competition between penetrants for unrelaxed free volume, such calculations can lead to erroneous estimates of the membrane separation efficiency. Attempts to study the true transport phenomena effective during mixed gas permeation through membranes have been restricted due to experimental limitations. Also, the absence of rigorous theoretical models hinders the complete understanding of the transport phenomena. The current research involved design and development of an experimental set-up for observing mixed gas permeation through non-porous membranes with real time resolution. The technique employs a gas chromatograph as the selective detector for monitoring the variation in gas concentration, as the gases permeate through the membrane. The same set-up can also be used for conducting single gas permeation experiments. The novelty in the experimental set-up is the In-line sampling interface, used for injection of permeate gases in the GC without introducing any leaks in the permeate volume. Also, a novel data cropping technique is used to elucidate the transport properties of gases through membranes under mixed gas permeation conditions. Mixed gas feed concentration studies performed on a rubbery polymer (PDMS: poly dimethyl siloxane) showed no coupling effects. However, with a glassy polymer (NEW TPI: thermoplastic polyimide), the synergistic effects of gases is observed to play a major role in altering the gas transport and separation properties of the membrane.