gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Distinct roles of TIR and non‐TIR regions in the subcellular localization and signaling properties of MyD88 (2007)

MyD88 is a cytoplasmic adaptor protein that is critical for Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling. The subcellular localization of MyD88 is characterized as large condensed forms in the cytoplasm. The mechanism and significance of this localization with respect to the signaling function, however, are currently unknown. Here, we demonstrate that MyD88 localization depends on the entire non-TIR region and that the correct cellular targeting of MyD88 is indispensable for its signaling function. The Toll-interleukin I receptor-resistance (TIR) domain does not determine the subcellular localization, but it mediates interaction with specific TLRs. These findings reveal distinct roles for the TIR and non-TIR regions in the subcellular localization and signaling properties of MyD88.
Carry-Select Adder (1962)

A large, extremely fast digital adder with sum selection and multiple-radix carry is described. Boolean expressions for the operation are included. The amount of hardware and the logical delay for a 100-bit ripple-carry adder and a carry-select adder are compared. The adder system described increases the speed of the addition process by reducing the carry-propagation time to the minimum commensurate with economical circuit design. The problem of carry-propagation delay is overcome by independently generating multiple-radix carries and using these carries to select between simultaneously generated sums. In this adder system, the addend and augend are divided into subaddend and subaugend sections that are added twice to produce two subsums. One addition is done with a carry digit forced into each section, and the other addition combines the operands without the forced carry digit. The selection of the correct, or true, subsum from each of the adder sections depends upon whether or not there actually is a carry into that adder section.
Aucubin: A new antidote for poisonous <i>Amanita</i> mushrooms (1993)

Abstract Aucubin, an iridoid glycoside, exhibits significant protective activities against Amanita intoxication in beagle dogs. The post‐injection of aucubin helps beagle dogs survive from lethal poisoning caused by A. virosa ingestion. Such protective activities of aucubin result from primarily preventing hepatic injury caused by Amanita poisoning, and is partly due to a preventive effect of aucubin on the depression of m‐RNA biosynthesis in the liver caused by α‐amanitin intoxication.
Patterned microlens array for efficiency improvement of small-pixelated organic light-emitting devices (2008)

In this paper, we experimentally and theoretically investigated the optical characteristics of organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs), having different pixel sizes and attached with patterned microlens array films. For a regular microlens array, though it can extract the waveguiding light and increase luminous current efficiency for a large-pixelated OLED, we observed that it decreases the luminance to an even lower level than that of the planar OLED as its pixel size is close to the microlens dimension. Although a microlens can effectively outcouple the light rays originally at incident angles larger than the critical angle, it also can impede the outcoupling for the light rays originally at incident angles smaller than the critical angle. Enhancement or reduction of the light extraction depends on the relative positions of the light emitting point and the microlens. Therefore, we proposed a center-hollowed microlens array, of which the microlenses directly upon the pixel are removed, and proved that it can increase the luminous current efficiency and luminous power efficiency of a small-pixelated OLED. By attaching this patterned microlens array, 87% of luminance enhancement in the normal direction was observed for a 0.1x0.1 mm2 OLED pixel. On the other hand, a regular microlens array resulted in 4% decrease under the same condition.
Biooxidation of indole and characteristics of the responsible enzymes (2011)

Indole, an electron-rich N-aromatic heterocyclic organic compound, functions as a popular component of fragrances, indicator of some diseases and signal molecule in plant, animal and microorganism, respectively. It also serves as the precursor, core building block and functional group of many important biochemical molecules and compounds, such as plant hormones, alkaloids, indigoids, certain proteins and enzymes. Most of these important molecules and compounds if not all, are originated, fully or partly, from biooxidation of indole. This review outlined the progress in the study of biooxidation of indole and responsible enzymes in microorganism and in plant in past two decades, summarized the pathways of indole biooxidation with an emphasis on those leading to formation of indigo and indirubin in plant and discussed the perspectives of the research in indole biooxidation with a focus on the application of indole and its derivatives in agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals and environmental pollution remedy. Key words : Biooxidation, indole, indole 2, 3-dioxygenase, indole dioxygenase, indole hydroxylase, indole monooxygenase, indole oxidase, indole oxygenase.
The role of omega-3 dietary supplementation in blepharitis and meibomian gland dysfunction (an AOS thesis). (2008)

This trial demonstrated a decrease in the RBC and plasma ratios of omega-6 to omega-3 in patients taking omega-3 dietary supplementation, as compared to controls, and improvements in their overall OSDI score, TBUT, and meibum score. This is the first demonstration of an induced change in the fatty acid saturation content in meibum as a result of dietary supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids.
Astronomical Information Services: What Can We do when Problems become Big Problems? (2003)

The libraries and information services at astronomical institutions in Argentina, prior to the current economic crisis, will be discussed. What can be done in the near and long term future? I don’t intend to mention any political matters, even if politics are the real cause and effect of what is happening in our country. Instead, I shall focus on solutions instead of crying over spilt milk. Over the past few years, things were going well, at least on the surface, so, the principal item we needed to work on is money. Normally, money arrived regularly to our institution from the government, and we could continue buying bibliographies, paying our subscriptions and accessing electronic services such as SIMBAD, etc. In other words, we had the tools. We had problems, normal problems, but nothing that we couldn’t handle. Then, things changed. I think things have changed in a way or another all over the world, but our change was drastic and hard, very hard indeed. So, I am going to talk about problems, or more precisely, what happens when problems become big problems, let’s see the difference. I heard about problems here, such as not enough room to keep paper collections, metadata, the question about paper or online subscriptions, or both, and so on. Well! Big problems are when the “either, or” becomes “neither, nor”. Probably we will get no budget at all. Our problems became big problems. So, what to do? If we had to start at that moment thinking what to do, the big problems could become huge, unreachable and impossible to solve. Fortunately, one year before the crisis, we had begun the creation of a foundation, for the purpose of receiving funds from private institutions and individuals. The name of the foundation is FUPACA (Foundation for the Advance of Astronomical Sciences) and enables us to legally receive monetary allocations (from 5 % of the taxes) that institutions and individuals are required to pay. However, this doesn’t mean that everything is all right and we have solved all the problems, because those who could provide us with funds at present can hardly afford to pay their taxes. But we did something. We didn’t sit and wait for things to come from the sky, or from the government.... Our scientific staff (S. Malaroda and H. Levato), compiled and updated the Bibliographic Catalogue of Stellar Radial Velocities. The Bibliographic Catalogue of Stellar Radial Velocities, is available at http://www.casleo.gov.ar. It does not include all the journals of the as-
Impaired mesial frontal and putamen activation in Parkinson's disease: A positron emission tomography study (1992)

Selection of movement in normal subjects has been shown to involve the premotor, supplementary motor, anterior cingulate, posterior parietal, and dorsolateral prefrontal areas. In Parkinson's disease (PD), the primary pathological change is degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic projections, and this is associated with difficulty in initiating actions. We wished to investigate the effect of the nigral abnormality in PD on cortical activation during movement. Using C15O2 and positron emission tomography (PET), we studied regional cerebral blood flow in 6 patients with PD and 6 control subjects while they performed motor tasks. Subjects were scanned while at rest, while repeatedly moving a joystick forward, and while freely choosing which of four possible directions to move the joystick. Significant increases in regional cerebral blood flow were determined with covariance analysis. In normal subjects, compared to the rest condition, the free-choice task activated the left primary sensorimotor cortex, left premotor cortex, left putamen, right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and supplementary motor area, anterior cingulate area, and parietal association areas bilaterally. In the patients with PD, for the free-choice task, compared with the rest condition, there was significant activation in the left sensorimotor and premotor cortices but there was impaired activation of the contralateral putamen, the anterior cingulate, supplementary motor area, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Impaired activation of the medial frontal areas may account for the difficulties PD patients have in initiating movements.
Gestural Interaction with In-Vehicle Audio and Climate Controls (2010)

Among the most distractive in-vehicle interactions are audio and climate controls. If these interactions were as easy and spontaneous as natural language, driving could be much safer. Through this research it was found that drivers preferred gestural language to voice language when the control was simple and repetitive; subsequently, gestural interactions with secondary in-vehicle tasks were investigated. Following the principle of “eyes on the road and hands on the wheel”, a steering wheel design with two touch pads on the wheel to recognize gestures was conceived. The physical design of the steering wheel incorporated good ergonomics and anthropometric data, while gesture stereotypes assigned to a number of in-vehicle controls were determined empirically by two experiments. The new steering wheel design does not have any buttons, which may contribute to driver distraction, yet it incorporates 19 functions through natural thumb-gestures. This compares favorably with most current steering wheel designs, which have more than 11 buttons and 13 functions on the average.
An Analysis on the Vulnerability of Secure Keypads for Mobile Devices (2013)

스마트폰과 태블릿 PC 등의 모바일 플랫폼이 급격히 보급됨에 따라 이를 이용한 금융 거래나 전자상거래도 급증하고 있다. 모바일 환경에서는 데스크탑 PC 환경과는 달리 키보드나 마우스 대신 터치 스크린 상의 가상 키패드를 이용하여 패스워드 등의 중요 개인 정보를 입력하게 되는데, 이 때 터치 좌표가 노출될 경우 키 값이 쉽게 노출될 수 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 금융 거래와 관련된 대부분의 모바일 프로그램은 가상 키패드에서 키의 위치를 무작위로 바꾸는 보안 키패드를 채택하고 있다. 하지만, 각 키의 가변 위치가 2~3개에 불과하고 확률도 균등하지 않기 때문에 사용자의 중요 정보를 보호하는데는 한계가 있다. 본 논문에서는 대부분의 금융 관련 모바일 프로그램에 사용되는 보안 키패드에 대해 설명한 후, 기존 안전성 분석의 한계를 지적하고 터치 위치를 기반으로 키 값을 유추하는 새로운 공격 방법을 제시하고자 한다. Due to the widespread propagation of mobile platforms such as smartphones and tablets, financial and e-commercial transactions based on these mobile platforms are growing rapidly. Unlike PCs, almost all mobile platforms do not provide physical keyboards or mice but provide virtual keypads using touchscreens. For this reason, an attacker attempts to obtain the coordinates of touches on the virtual keypad in order to get actual key values. To tackle this vulnerability, financial applications for mobile platforms use secure keypads, which change position of each key displayed on the virtual keypad. However, these secure keypads cannot protect users' private information more securely than the virtual keypads because each key has only 2 or 3 positions and moreover its probability distribution is not uniform. In this paper, we analyze secure keypads used by the most financial mobile applications, point out the limitation of the previous research, and then propose a more general and accurate attack method on the secure keypads.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Characterization of Ultrafine Powders of the yAg‐Cu Alloy by γ‐Radiation Method. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A Presence Server for Context-aware Applications (2007)

This master’s thesis project “A Presence Server for Context-aware Applications” was carried out at KTH Center for Wireless Systems (Wireless@KTH). The overall goal of this thesis project is to implement a context aware infrastructure to serve as middleware for different kinds of context aware applications, such as a context-aware printing application, location based notifier application, etc. This thesis examines different types of context aware architectures and considers different forms of context modeling. Additionally the thesis also explores some of the related technology, in order to provide the reader with suitable background information to understand the rest of the thesis. By using the SIP Express Router (SER) and its presence module (pa) a context server has been designed, implemented, and evaluated. Evaluation reveals that the critical bottleneck is the increasing service time as the number of Publish messages for different events in the SER database increases, i.e. the time required for handling and sending the Notify messages when a new Publish message is received increases as a function of the number of earlier Publish messages. The evaluation also shows that the dependence of SER upon the MySQL database as incorrect database queries can cause SER to crash. Additionally the performance of the database limits the performance of the context server. A number of future improvements are necessary to address security issues (in particular the authentication of Watchers) and adding policy based control in order to send Notify messages only to the Watchers authorized to receive information for a specific event.
Cross-Species Annotation of Basic Leucine Zipper Factor Interactions: Insight into the Evolution of Closed Interaction Networks (2006)

Dimeric basic leucine zipper (bZIP) factors constitute one of the most important classes of enhancer-type transcription factors. In vertebrates, bZIP factors are involved in many cellular processes, including cell survival, learning and memory, cancer progression, lipid metabolism, and a variety of developmental processes. These factors have the ability to homodimerize and heterodimerize in a specific and predictable manner, resulting in hundreds of dimers with unique effects on transcription. In recent years, several studies have described dimerization preferences for bZIP factors from different species, including Homo sapiens, Drosophila melanogaster, Arabidopsis thaliana, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Here, these findings are summarized as novel, graphical representations of closed, interacting protein networks. These representations combine phylogenetic information, DNA-binding properties, and dimerization preference. Beyond summarizing bZIP dimerization preferences within selected species, we have included annotation for a solitary bZIP factor found in the primitive eukaryote, Giardia lamblia, a possible evolutionary precursor to the complex networks of bZIP factors encoded by other genomes. Finally, we discuss the fundamental similarities and differences between dimerization networks within the context of bZIP factor evolution.
Verandering in de frequentie van het gemengde huwelijk (1969)

A presentation & an analysis of the changing proportion of marriages between members of diff Christian denominations in the Netherlands after WWII. This proportion was 23. 1% of all marriages in 1946, fell steadily until it reached 19.9% in 1857, then rose again until it reached 23.5% in 1966. This rise is analyzed: it is noted that it is accompanied by a rise in the proportions of marriages between Catholics (39. 2 to 40%) & between non-Church members (11. 3 to 12. 5%) & by rises in an 'indifference index towards mixed marriages' for all main denominations. The overall factor behind the rise of mixed marriages is increased Ur'ization. The reasons behind their fall between 1946 & 1957 are less easy to determine; but increased abandonment of the churches & intensified pressures against mixed marriages played their part. I. Langnas.
Effect of NaCl on textural changes and protein and lipid degradation during the ripening stage of sufu, a Chinese fermented soybean food (2003)

Abstract Sufu is made by solid state fungal fermentation (using Actinomucor elegans ) of tofu, followed by salting and maturation in dressing mixtures containing salt, alcohol and various other ingredients. NaCl in dressing mixtures strongly affected the changes in textural properties and the hydrolysis of protein and lipid of sufu. Higher salt contents (14% w/w) resulted in increased hardness (+100%) and elasticity (+18%) and reduced adhesiveness (−30%). Hardness and elasticity could be used to judge the extent of sufu ripening. SDS‐PAGE showed the disappearance of all protein subunits at 80 and 110 g kg −1 salt content; however, some protein subunits were still detectable at 140 g kg −1 salt content after 60 days of ripening. Higher ratios of free amino nitrogen to total nitrogen (FAN/TN = 0.4–0.45) and free amino acids to crude protein (FAA/CP = 0.24–0.26) were observed in sufu with lower (80 g kg −1 ) salt content. FAN/TN and FAA/CP in white sufu (obtained with dressing mixtures containing only salt and alcohol) were higher than those in red sufu (obtained with dressing mixtures containing angkak or kojic red rice) owing to different dressing mixture compositions. Increases in free fatty acids (FFA) were also observed during ripening. FFA levels in sufu with lower salt content increased rapidly during the first 30–40 days and then increased slowly, probably resulting from the formation of fatty acid esters. Lowering the salt content (80 g kg −1 ) can shorten the ripening time to 40 days, which is of benefit to manufacturers. However, sufu will spoil, ie undergo souring, during the ripening stage at salt contents of 50 g kg −1 or lower. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
Enhancing Business Impact Analysis and Risk Assessment Applying a Risk-Aware Business Process Modeling and Simulation Methodology (2008)

Driven by the steadily growing number of natural disasters, the threat of terrorist and other criminal attacks as well as changed legislation and regulations, companies are increasingly forced to prepare against threats that endanger the survivability of crucial business activities. As a consequence, management has to pay more attention to business continuity issues including serious management commitment and more appropriate funding. Business impact analysis and risk assessment concepts enable adequate business continuity planning as they deliver essential information about the impact of resources' disruption on business. In this paper we present how these concepts can be enhanced through the application of the ROPE (Risk-Oriented Process Evaluation) methodology enabling risk-aware business process management and simulation. Moreover, we present essential extensions of the ROPE simulation capabilities leading to a more efficient and effective business continuity planning.
Chatbot Testing Using AI Planning (2019)

Chatbots, i.e., systems that can interact with humans in a more appropriate way using natural language, have been of increasing importance. This is due the fact of the availability of computational means for natural language interaction between computers and humans that are becoming closer to the interaction between humans alone. Consequently, there are more and more chatbots available that are intended to support humans organizing tasks or making decisions. In this paper, we focus on how to verify the communication capabilities provided by chatbots. In particular, we introduce an automated approach for generating communication sequences and carrying them out. The approach is based on AI planning where each action can be assumed to be a certain question that is given to the chatbot. The answer of the chatbot should make the action post-condition true, in order to proceed with the plan. In cases of deviations between the actual chatbot behavior and the expected one, re-planning is required. Besides the approach, we discuss its application to the domain of tourism and outline a case study.
[Detection of human rhinovirus genes from clinical sample by one-step RT-PCR]. (2005)

The findings showed that this one-step RT-PCR system was highly specific, rapid and convenient for the detection of HRV RNA in nasopharyngeal secretions of patients with acute respiratory tract infections and that the genome of HRV viruses was highly variable.
Efficient Surface Reconstruction using Generalized Coulomb Potentials (2007)

We propose a novel, geometrically adaptive method for surface reconstruction from noisy and sparse point clouds, without orientation information. The method employs a fast convection algorithm to attract the evolving surface towards the data points. The force field in which the surface is convected is based on generalized Coulomb potentials evaluated on an adaptive grid (i.e., an octree) using a fast, hierarchical algorithm. Formulating reconstruction as a convection problem in a velocity field generated by Coulomb potentials offers a number of advantages. Unlike methods which compute the distance from the data set to the implicit surface, which are sensitive to noise due to the very reliance on the distance transform, our method is highly resilient to shot noise since global, generalized Coulomb potentials can be used to disregard the presence of outliers due to noise. Coulomb potentials represent long-range interactions that consider all data points at once, and thus they convey global information which is crucial in the fitting process. Both the spatial and temporal complexities of our spatially-adaptive method are proportional to the size of the reconstructed object, which makes our method compare favorably with respect to previous approaches in terms of speed and flexibility. Experiments with sparse as well as noisy data sets show that the method is capable of delivering crisp and detailed yet smooth surfaces.