gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Kinetics and Equilibrium Studies on Adsorption of Acid Red 18 (Azo‐Dye) Using Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) from Aqueous Solution (2011)

Azo dyes are one of the synthetic dyes that are used in many textile industries. Adsorption is one of the most effective techniques for removal of dye‐contaminated wastewater. In this work, efficiency of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as an adsorbent for removal of Acid Red 18 (azo‐dye) from aqueous solution was determined. The parameters affecting the adsorption process such as contact time, pH, adsorbent dosage, and initial dye concentration were studied. Experimental results have shown by increasing the adsorbent dosage, the rate of dye removal was increased, but the amount of adsorbed dyes per mass unit of MWCNTs was declined. pH as one of the most important influencing factors on the adsorption process was evaluated. The best pH for adsorption process was acidic pH of about 3. To describe the equilibrium of adsorption, the Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherms were used. The Langmuir isotherm (R 2 =0.985) was the best fitted for experimental data with maximum adsorption capacity of 166.67 mg/g. A higher correlation value of the kinetic′s model was observed close to pseudo second order (R 2 =0.999) compared to other kinetic models.
Aspectos relacionados con el manejo del turismo y el control de visitantes (1995)

Governments throughout the world have given management organizations of natural \nresource areas the responsibility for the presentation and utilization of the natural resource \nto the public. The potential conflict of these objectives and the impact of increased visitors \nhave resulted in a need for more effective control techniques in the planning, development \nand management of endemic resources for profitable and sustainable tourism. Two areas \nhave emerged from the research as dominate control techniques in all areas: Management \nZones and Interpretation. \nManagement zones are essential in all environments from the most pristine forests to the \nlargest mass tourism areas. Licensing and fees are methods being utilized within these zones. Appropriate facilities and activities at the site must enhance the visitor's experience while minimizing the damages to its natural resources. \nBut in the fostering of eco-tourism, and its educative element, interpretation techniques are \nsome of the most reliable tools available to resource management. Not only do they \neducate and greatly enhance the visitor appreciation but they also enlist the cooperation, \nunderstanding and support of the visitor in the task of conservation. \nIn this research note similar management issues from 137 American, British, and Australian forests, \nreserves and parks, including specific World heritage areas are analyzed and compared. By comparing \ntechniques, significant trends can be established with the potential of incorporation into global \ntechniques and procedures for the protection of any endemic resource.
A details enhancement rendering method for pointillism (2014)

This paper presents a non-photorealistic rendering algorithm for Pointillism style. At first, ellipse dots are adopted as rendering elements and their locations are randomly distributed on a target image. Then dots orientations are pre-calculated with guidance of a direction map. A saliency map of the source image decides long and short radius of the ellipse dot. At last, the dots render the canvas image layer-by-layer from large to small dots according to their directions. The proposed method not only reserves the classic Pointillism style, but also enhances the detailed parts of the source image.
Analysis and Prevention of Child Ejections from Golf Cars and Personal Transport Vehicles (2009)

United States Consumer Products Safety Commission statistics indicate there are approximately 13,000 golf car related emergency room visits in the United States annually. Of these, approximately 40% involve children (i.e. age < 16) and 50% of these involve a fall from a moving car. Evidence also indicates that many passenger ejections occur during left turns. Children are especially susceptible to ejection because of their small size and reliance upon the hip restraint for stability. While adult ejections have been studied, the present study analyzes mechanisms of child ejection during left turns. Dynamic tests are presented wherein an anthropomorphic Hybrid III 6 year old dummy in the front passenger seat is ejected during a moderate left turn and ejection kinematics are analyzed. An Articulated Total Body (ATB) occupant simulation is also presented, which compares favorably with experimental results. Additional simulations are presented wherein a seatbelt is found to be effective in preventing ejection with minimal belt force requirements. While experimental and simulated occupant dummies do not include muscular reactions, the potentially rapid onset of vehicle acceleration indicates that real occupants, particularly young children, may not have time to react before the ejection process has begun. Results indicate that current hip restraints are not large enough to prevent the ejection of small children during a moderate left turn. Additionally, seatbelts or straps are effective in preventing ejection during driver induced accelerations. The small belt force requirements indicate that seatbelts designed for use in automobiles and meeting Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS) may not be necessary. Based on these results, it is recommended that children be prohibited from riding in golf cars without a seatbelt type restraint when driven on golf courses and that seatbelt type restraints be provided for each occupant, especially children, when driving outside the golf course setting. The full text of this paper may be found at: http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/pdf/esv/esv21/09-0186.pdf For the covering abstract see ITRD E145407.
Temporal Evolution of Financial Market Correlations (2010)

We investigate financial market correlations using random matrix theory and principal component analysis. We use random matrix theory to demonstrate that correlation matrices of asset price changes contain structure that is incompatible with uncorrelated random price changes. We then identify the principal components of these correlation matrices and demonstrate that a small number of components accounts for a large proportion of the variability of the markets that we consider. We then characterize the time-evolving relationships between the different assets by investigating the correlations between the asset price time series and principal components. Using this approach, we uncover notable changes that occurred in financial markets and identify the assets that were significantly affected by these changes. We show in particular that there was an increase in the strength of the relationships between several different markets following the 2007--2008 credit and liquidity crisis.
Über eine neuartige Synthese von β‐Ketoallenen durch Reaktion von tertiären Acetylencarbinolen mit Vinyläthern eine ergiebige methode zur darstellung des Pseudojonons und verwandter verbindungen (1967)

Abstract The novel acid‐catalysed reaction of isopropenyl ether with tertiary acetylenic carbinols to give β‐ketoallenes in high yields is described. Upon treatment with bases, these allenes readily undergo isomerization to conjugated dienones. This reaction sequence results in an economic synthesis of pseudo‐ionones and pseudo‐irones from dehydrolinalool and its homologs.
Didáctica de la estadística con MAPLE: una experiencia docente (2007)

En los ´ultimos a�nos ha proliferado el uso de software comercial (SPSS,
Statgraphic, Minitab,...) como herramienta docente en la ense�nanza de la
estad´ýstica. El objetivo de este trabajo es mostrar la potencialidad did´actica
de MAPLE no s´olo como herramienta docente en la did´actica de la
estad´ýstica sino tambi´en como un instrumento de ayuda para la adquisici
´on de determinados conceptos y procedimientos. As´ý mismo, introducimos
una determinada metodolog´ýa �activa y heur´ýstica� de ense�nanzaaprendizaje
centrada en el alumno que tiene como objetivo lograr que el
aprendizaje del alumno deje de ser simplemente mec´anico o memor´ýstico,
pasando a ser un aprendizaje significativo basado en la teor´ýa de aprendizaje
constructivista. La conclusi´on fundamental de nuestra experiencia
es que la utilizaci´on del programa de c´alculo simb´olico MAPLE es un gran
instrumento de ayuda para la adquisici´on de determinados conocimientos
de nuestras disciplinas y facilita la capacidad de autoaprendizaje, el
dinamismo y la automotivaci´on en el aprendizaje que contribuyen, en
definitiva, al aprendizaje significativo del estudiante.
Low-cholesterol diet: enhancement of effect of CDCA in patients with gall stones. (1978)

Fifteen patients with gall stones who were taking chenodeoxycholic acid(CDCA) 15 mg/kg at bedtime participated in two separate experiments to investigate the effects of altering sterol intake on the cholesterol saturation index (SI) of fasting gall-bladder bile. In experiment I the 15 patients on an unrestricted diet had a SI of 0.87 +/- 0.04 (mean +/- SE of mean), which fell to 0.75 +/- 0.04 after one week in hospital on a diet of 100 mg cholesterol daily. In experiment II seven of the patients were given four different dietary regimens lasting one month each in random order as outpatients. On a diet of 600 mg of cholesterol daily the mean SI was 0.72 +/- 0.05, which fell to 0.67 +/- 0.05 when the patients were put on a 100 mg cholesterol diet. The addition of plant sterols (3 g daily) to both diets raised the mean SIs to 0.80 +/- 0.05 and 0.77 +/- 0.05 respectively. The percentage CDCA in bile was unaffected by alterations in the cholesterol and plant sterol intakes. We conclude that a low-cholesterol diet but not a high intake of plant sterols enhances the effect of CDCA in patients with gall stones.
Distributed Eiffel: a language for programming multi-granular distributed objects on the Clouds operating system (2003)

The design and implementation of Distributed Eiffel, a language designed and implemented for distributed programming, on top of the Clouds operating system by extending the object-oriented language Eiffel are discussed. The language presents a programming paradigm based on objects of multiple granularity. While large-grained persistent objects serve as units of distribution, fine-grained objects are used to describe and manipulate entities within these units. The language design makes it possible to implement both shared-memory and message-passing models of parallel programming within a single programming paradigm. The language provides features with which the programmer can declaratively fine-tune synchronization at any desired object granularity and maximize concurrency. With the primitives provided, it is possible to combine and control both data migration and computation migration effectively, at the language level. The design addresses such issues as parameter passing, asynchronous invocations and result claiming, and concurrency control.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Three-state CMOS Schmitt triggers (1989)

The reasons for application of three-state Schmitt triggers are considered, and the implementations of those circuits with CMOS transistors are described in the paper. The design of three-state Schmitt triggers is described and their static and dynamic parameters are analysed. The results of computer simulation and comparison of the proposed circuits are presented. Several experimental results are also given in the paper.
A Coherent Ultra-Wideband Receiver IC System for WPAN Application (2006)

An integrated pulse based ultra-wideband (UWB) receiver using a coherent architecture is presented. BPSK modulation of monocycle Gaussian pulses which meet FCC's UWB frequency band (3.1 - 10.6 GHz) is adopted. The received pulses are correlated with template pulses from a local pulse generator. In each period the correlation value is either sampled by a high speed ADC for further signal processing or sent to a comparator to recover the transmitted data. Simulation and primary measurement results show that the receiver can achieve a demodulation rate of 100/220/480 Mbps and consumes 99 mW peak power. The design is based on a 0.18-/spl mu/m CMOS process.
The value of supplementary trace minerals and trace minerals plus bonemeal in a fattening ration (2011)

This is the fifth experiment in this series conducted to determine the\nvalue of added trace minerals in a typical cattle-fattening ration. The\nfour previous experiments are reported in Kansas Agricultural Experiment\nStation Circulars 279, 308, 335, and 358. No response has been\nobtained when trace minerals were added to high roughage rations of\nsorghum silage, sorghum grain and a protein concentrate, or to a fattening ration or sorghum grain, prairie hay, and a protein concentrate.\nImproved performance has been obtained when trace minerals were added to fattening rations of corn, prairie hay, and a protein concentrate.\nGround limestone has been fed in all the fattening trials to furnish\nadequate calcium.
A scan conversion algorithm with reduced storage requirements (1973)

Most graphics systems using a raster scan output device (CRT or hardcopy) maintain a display file in the XY or random scan format. Scan converters, hardware or software, must be provided to translate the picture description from the XY format to the raster format. Published scan conversion algorithms which are fast will reserve a buffer area large enough to accommodate the entire screen. On the other hand, those which use a small buffer area are slow because they require multiple passes through the XY display file. The scan conversion algorithm described here uses a linked list data structure to process the lines of the drawing in strips corresponding to groups of scan lines. A relatively small primary memory buffer area is used to accumulate the binary image for a group of scan lines. When this portion of the drawing has been plotted, the buffer is reused for the next portion. Because of the list processing procedures used, only a single pass through the XY display file is required when generating the binary image and only a slight increase in execution time over the fully buffered core results. Results show that storage requirements can be reduced by more than 80 percent while causing less than a 10 percent increase in execution time.
Citanest® (Prilocaine) in Spinal Analgesia (1965)

SUMMARY A report of 339 cases of subarachnoid block is presented. Citanest was used in 106 cases. The advantages of this drug are discussed. A very small number with Citanest 1.9% compared with two other drugs (4.6% and 6.5%) required supplementary anaesthesia.
Effect of (-)epicatechin on cAMP content, insulin release and conversion of proinsulin to insulin in immature and mature rat islets in vitro. (1991)

(-)Epicatechin, an active principle in the water extract of the bark of Pterocarpus marsupium increases the cAMP content of the islets which is associated with the increased insulin release, conversion of proinsulin to insulin and cathepsin B activity. The response of the islets to the (-)epicatechin stimulation is more pronounced in immature (one month old) than in mature (12 month old) rats.
The rate of corneocyte formation in microscopic lesions in patients with active psoriasis (1981)

Microscopic lesions in active psoriasis were identified after careful examination with a magnifying glass in areas free of macroscopic lesions and of hair follicles. Biopsies were excised without anesthesia, immediately frozen and cryostat-sectioned. Care was taken to preserve the horny layer which was stained to reveal corneocyte membranes and nuclei when present. The interlocking sheets of corneocyte layers made it feasible to outline and trace intercellular spaces parallel to the surface and count the number of corneocyte layers between pairs of these. It was assumed that the location of such a space in the horny layer indicates the period of time from its formation. This information was used to assess the rate of corneocyte layer formation at specified intervals of time. The result shows that adjacent areas of the horny layer could be compared and relative rates of corneocyte layer formation computed. In the parakeratotic part of the early lesions of psoriasis studied the rate of corneocyte layer formation was 15 times higher than that in the non-involved skin. The peak rate, coincident with parakeratosis, was preceded by a number of thickened corneocyte layers. These also showed an increased rate of formation, up to 6.6 times that in non-involved skin. There was no acanthosis in the lesions studied. A subepidermal cellular infiltrate was observed. Periods of rapid corneocyte formation with parakeratosis were often short (not more than one day). These were interrupted by periods with a lower rate. The relationship between corneocyte morphology and stratum corneum kinetics is a distinct feature in the early psoriatic lesion.
Extension of Sample Sizes and Percentage Points for Significance Tests of Outlying Observations (1972)

Tables of percentage points for significance tests conrerning the highest or the lowest observation in normal samples, or the two highest or the two lowest observations in normal samples, were recently extended to larger sample sizes than heretofore published and to probability levels of .005 and .001. These tables are being pltblished to satisfy a long existing demand for such extensions.
Internal Stress Distribution in Cervical Intervertebral Discs (2003)

There is concern that cervical interbody fusion can result in accelerated degenerative changes occurring at adjacent spinal levels. The cervical spine clearly evolved to be mobile. It would seem to be desirable for spinal surgeons to have an alternative to fusion, and spinal arthroplasty is an appealing concept. The Bristol Disc is a mechanical device comprising two articulating components that result in motion with 6 df. It has been shown to have favorable kinematics when compared with intact and fused cadaveric spines. The current study attempts to record changes in the distribution of stresses within cervical intervertebral discs adjacent to the artificial disc or a simulated fusion. The technique used to measure intradiscal stress distributions is based on earlier work by McNally and Adams on lumbar intervertebral discs. The study generated stress profiles through cervical intervertebral discs statically loaded in four different postures in addition to recording changes in intradiscal pressure within both the nucleus and the annulus during flexion. Similar stress profiles were recorded from intact specimens and those with the artificial joint inserted. The artificial joint resulted in reduced stresses in the annulus compared with spines with a simulated fusion. The study demonstrates how different testing conditions can result in researchers being confronted with paradoxical data, and the simulation of muscle forces is recommended.
Treatment option for sperm- or oocyte-related fertilization failure: assisted oocyte activation following diagnostic heterologous ICSI (2005)

Assisted oocyte activation enables normal fertilization and pregnancy in sperm- and oocyte-related fertilization failure.
A Direct Copper-Promoted Three-Component Entry to Trifluoromethylketoximes (2014)

A new copper-promoted three-component method for constructing ketoximes has been developed. This transformation can be achieved using indoles/pyrroles with the in situ generated 2,2,2-trifluorodiazoethane and nitrite species under mild conditions, thus offering a direct pathway to (E)-3-indolyl/2-pyrrolyl trifluoromethylketoximes.
Fast switching charge dump assisted Class-D audio amplifier with high fidelity and high efficiency (2008)

A fast switching charge dump assisted Class-D audio amplifier is presented in this paper. To achieve high efficiency and high linearity, the Class-K* audio amplifier consists of the Class D amplifier with high efficiency and the proposed charge dump amplifier with high linearity. The charge pump amplifier works at faster switching frequency than Class D amplifier so as to compensate the distortion caused by switching of the Class-D amplifier. The Class-K* audio amplifier implemented in 0.35μm CMOS process shows −71.8 dB THD+N at 1 KHz and a maximum efficiency of 81% at an output power of 257mW for 4.1Ω load.
The European Rotorcraft Forum (1997)

Presents shortened versions of a number of papers presented at the recent 22nd European Rotorcraft Forum held in Brighton, UK, whose theme was advances in research, development, design, manufacturing, testing and operation. Specific aircraft focused on are the EH 101 Merlin trials aircraft; the V‐22 Osprey tiltrotor; and the NH 90 helicopter. Discusses some of the developments on the more general subjects that were dealt with at the symposium: advanced transmission technology; metallic structures; composites; and aeroelasticity.
Detecting Fatigue Cracks in Gears by Amplitude and Phase Demodulation of the Meshing Vibration (1986)

A digital signal processing technique is proposed for calculating the amplitude and phase modulation of the tooth meshing vibration of a gear from the signal average of the vibration with application to the early detection of local defects such as fatigue cracks. The importance of phase modulation in the detection of defects is confirmed.
Clinical evaluation of a critical path for coronary artery bypass surgery patients. (1991)

The critical path, one component of the case management model, was examined to determine its accuracy in describing patient recovery following coronary artery bypass surgery and to determine if variations from the path influenced postoperative length of stay. One hundred ninety-five (195) postoperative days were analyzed on 28 subjects. Data about patient characteristics, daily progress, and recovery following transfer from intensive care until hospital discharge were compared to expected patient progress and recovery as delineated by the critical path. Fifty-seven percent (57%) of the patients (n = 28) were discharged within the time frames designated by the critical path. Significant correlations (p less than or equal to .01) were found between postoperative length of stay and the variables of activity progression (r = -.46), telemetry usage (r = -.56), inspirometer use (r = -.35), and adherence to the critical path (r = -.48). Using step-wise multiple regression analysis, overall adherence to the critical path in the areas of telemetry usage and activity progression were found to be significant predictors of postoperative length of stay (combined R2 = .65).
An investigation of the dynamic switching properties of 4-layer diodes (1960)

The voltage-current relation for 4-layer diodes has been described in the literature and is characterized by regions of high and low positive resistance separated by a region of negative resistance.1,2 The transition between high positive resistance and negative resistance occurs at a potential designated as the breakover or firing potential, Vb. This breakover potential is normally specified in terms of static (d-c) or low-frequency sinusoidal measurements but is, however, a variable dependent on the waveform of the applied voltage. The purpose of this paper is to present experimental data on the variation of breakover potential for various types of applied voltage waveforms, and to give a qualitative explanation of this variation in terms of the breakover process of the 4-layer diode.