gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Heuristic for the maximum disjoint paths problem in wavelength-routed networks with shared-risk link groups [Invited] (2003)

We tackle the problem of finding the maximum number of link-disjoint paths between a pair of source-destination nodes in wavelength-routed networks, subject to the shared-risk link group (SRLG) constraints. We propose a simple heuristic algorithm whose main idea is to iteratively find the path with the minimum total weight of all the SRLGs through which it passes until no further path can be found, where the weight of each SRLG is basically proportional to its size, and those SRLGs appearing in the minimum cut between the source-destination nodes are assigned higher weights. Extensive simulation results show that the proposed method, with a complexity comparable to that of the simplest conventional k-shortest-path algorithm, steadily outperforms the best existing method.
Guillain-Barré-Syndrom (2007)

Zusammenfassung Die klinische Entität des Guillain-Barré-Syndroms (GBS) umfasst mindestens vier Subtypen einer peripheren Neuropathie. Hierzu gehören neben der häufigsten akuten inflammatorischen demyelinisierenden Polyneuropathie (AIDP) zwei axonale motorische Varianten mit (AMSAN) oder ohne (AMAN) sensibler Beteiligung und das Miller- Fisher-Syndrom (MFS). Während autoimmunologische Prozesse bei allen Subtypen eine wichtige Rolle spielen, konnten insbesondere bei den axonalen Formen und beim MFS Autoantikörper gegen körpereigene Ganglioside als wesentlicher Pathomechanismus identifiziert werden. Diese Übersicht fasst den aktuellen Wissensstand zur Pathogenese, Diagnostik und Therapie des GBS und seiner Subtypen zusammen.
A 0.18 μm implementation of a floating-point unit for a processing-in-memory system (2004)

The Data-Intensive Architecture (DIVA) system incorporates Processing-In-Memory (PIM) chips as smart-memory coprocessors to a microprocessor. This architecture exploits inherent memory bandwidth both on chip and across the system to target several classes of bandwidth-limited applications. A key capability of this architecture is the support of parallel single-precision floating-point operations. Each PIM chip includes eight single-precision FPUs, each of which supports eight basic instructions and IEEE-754 compliant rounding and exceptions. Through block sharing and a hardware-efficient division algorithm, the resulting FPU is well-balanced between area and performance. This paper focuses on the novel divide algorithm implemented and documents the fabrication and testing of a prototype FPU based on standard cell methodology in TSMC 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS technology.
The Physician's Obligation to Testify and His Right to Compensation (1975)

It has long been held that a physician who has had no previous professional connection with an incident affecting an individual has no duty to testify on his behalf in court. Where a physician is requested to appear as an expert witness to give opinion testimony, he has no legal obligation to accept and his appearance is purely voluntary and by prearrangement. Under these circumstances, the physician may require that he be paid an “expert” witness fee in an amount determined by the usual and customary fee for such services and by the amount of time he actually spends in the preparation and presentation of his expert testimony.
Sociodemographic Change and Continuity in Korean Society Since 1945 (1996)

This volume is a collection of papers presented at an international academic conference, "Korea in the Global Community: Past, Present, and Future," which was held at the Tower Hotel of Seoul, Korea on November 2-3, 1995.
REAL-WORLD DATA ON ESLICARBAZEPINE ACETATE IN ELDERLY PATIENTS (2016)

<h3>Purpose</h3> To assess eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL) in elderly patients included in the Eslicarbazepine acetate in Partial-Onset Seizures (EPOS) study. <h3>Method</h3> Adult patients with uncontrolled partial-onset seizures receiving antiepileptic monotherapy, whose clinician had previously and independently decided to initiate ESL add-on therapy, were enrolled in the prospective, non-interventional EPOS study. A post hoc analysis was conducted for elderly patients (>60 years). Assessments included retention rate after 6 months, responder and seizure freedom rates, Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory-10 (QOLIE-10) and safety/tolerability. <h3>Results</h3> Overall, 41 patients aged >60 years were included in EPOS (maximum age 83 years). After 6 months, retention, responder and seizure freedom rates were 78.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 62.4–89.4%; n=41), 83.3% (95% CI 65.3–94.4%; n=30) and 56.3% (95% CI 37.7–73.6%; n=32), respectively. Mean QOLIE-10 total score decreased from 2.7 (n=28) at baseline to 2.2 (−14.5%; n=24) after 6 months. Twelve adverse events (AEs) were reported for six (14.6%) patients; most frequently, dizziness (4.9%) and allergic dermatitis (4.9%). No AE was reported in >5% of patients. <h3>Conclusion</h3> ESL as add-on to antiepileptic monotherapy was efficacious and generally well tolerated when used to treat patients aged >60 years in a real-life setting. Supported by Eisai.
Natural medicines for alcoholism treatment: a review (2005)

Alcoholism is a serious problem throughout the world. The development of alcoholism remedies have medical, social and economical significance. In view of the pitfalls of psychological dependence and adverse behavioural effects of synthetic drugs, the development of low toxicity and high efficiency medicines derived from natural products exhibits expansive market prospects. Based on these considerations, we summarize briefly folk application of traditional hangover remedies and clinical application of herbal complex and patent medicines for alcoholism treatment. We have reviewed the effects of natural medicines on intake, absorption and metabolism of alcohol, as well as the protective effects on alcohol-induced acute and chronic tissue injury.
Novel Involvement of a Mitochondrial Steroid Hydroxylase (P450c11) in Xenobiotic Metabolism (1995)

Adrenocortical mitochondrial cytochrome P450 isozymes of the Cyp11 family normally synthesize steroids with a very strict substrate specificity. However, for the first time, P450c11 was additionally shown to metabolize and bioactivate the adrenotoxic environmental pollutant 3-methylsulfonyl-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethene (MeSO2-DDE). This conclusion is based on a striking correlation between inductions of MeSO2-DDE and deoxycorticosterone metabolism by forskolin in the adrenocortical cell lines Y1 and Kin-8, inhibition of P450c11-dependent activities in Y1 cells by MeSO2-DDE, and metabolism of MeSO2-DDE by non-steroidogenic COS cells after transfection with a cDNA encoding P450c11. The interaction between xenobiotics and glucocorticoid synthesis should focus more attention to xenobiotic-induced hormonal disturbances.
Continuous aerosol therapy system using a modified Collison nebulizer (1977)

A Collison nebulizer was incorporated into an exposure system for administering antiviral compounds as continuous aerosols to mice infected with influenza virus. The nebulizer was modified to control aerosol output by varying the liquid feed rate. A multiple regression equation was developed from data obtained with uranine dye to define the aerosol concentration of the dye in the system as a function of the concentration of the dye in the spray fluid and the rate at which it was aerosolized. The rate of change of the concentration of the test solution due to evaporative losses was also ascertained for a 1-ml/min feed rate over a 23.5-h period of operation. Procedures are outlined for using these relationships to determine the concentration of a given drug that will result in a given dose. Performance data for the drug ribavirin are presented.
Numerical simulator for superconducting integrated circuits (1991)

A numerical simulator for the analysis of Josephson logic circuits that uses numerical methods and dynamic memory allocation, and is capable of simulating a wide variety of superconducting and conventional circuits, is described. The program uses SPICE-like input syntax and is capable of both static and dynamic analysis. The basic operation of Josephson logic is explained and an example simulation is given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Proteomic Analysis of Quercetin-Treated K562 Cells (2019)

Among natural products under investigation for their additive potential in cancer prevention and treatment, the flavonoid quercetin has received attention for its effects on the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In the past, we addressed this issue in K562 cells, a cellular model of the human chronic myeloid leukemia. Here, we applied stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) proteomics with the aim to increase knowledge on the regulative and metabolic pathways modulated by quercetin in these cells. After 24 h of quercetin treatment, we observed that apoptosis was not completely established, thus we selected this time range to capture quantitative data. As a result, we were able to achieve a robust identification of 1703 proteins, and to measure fold changes between quercetin-treated and untreated cells for 1206 proteins. Through a bioinformatics functional analysis on a subset of 112 proteins, we propose that the apoptotic phenotype of K562 cells entails a significant modulation of the translational machinery, RNA metabolism, antioxidant defense systems, and enzymes involved in lipid metabolism. Finally, we selected eight differentially expressed proteins, validated their modulated expression in quercetin-treated K562 cells, and discussed their possible role in flavonoid cytotoxicity. This quantitative profiling, performed for the first time on this type of tumor cells upon treatment with a flavonoid, will contribute to revealing the molecular basis of the multiplicity of the effects selectively exerted by quercetin on K562 cells.
HIGH SPEED RAIL IN JAPAN: A REVIEW AND EVALUATION OF MAGNETIC LEVITATION TRAINS (1992)

This is one of a series of reports now being produced as the first output of our study of the potential for a high-speed passenger train service in California. Each report deals with a specific high-speed train technology; it attempts an evaluation, standardized as far as available data permit, of its technical and economic viability. Specifically, each report assesses the particular high-speed technology against a number of criteria: 1. Technical Performance: configuration of roadbed in terms of gradients, curvature, and construction cost; power sources; capacity and speed; capacity to integrate with existing transportation facilities. 2. Economic performance: traffic levels; revenues; financial appraisal and overall cost-benefit analysis; level of public subsidy required, if any. 3. Resource consumption and environmental performance: type and amount of energy required; impact on non-renewable resources; environmental impact, including emissions, noise, visual intrusion and effect on local communities. The present series includes five studies. Two companion studies, on British Rail's InterCity 125 and 225 services and on Tilting Trains (the Italian Pendolino and the Swedish X-2000 service), will follow shortly. Thereafter, a systematic comparative analysis will be published. The CalSpeed study will continue with preliminary route alignments, also to be produced shortly, followed by market assessments, to be completed in Fall 1992. These will bring to a close the present phase of work, which will be the subject of an overall report also to be completed in Fall 1992. We gratefully acknowledge the support provided by the U.S. Department of Transportation and the California State Department of Transportation (Caltrans) through the University of California Transportation Center. Of course, any errors of fact or interpretation should be assigned to us and not our sponsors.
Variances and Covariances of Order Statistics from the Gamma Distribution (1974)

The expectations, variances and covariances of the order statistics in a sample of size n from a standardized gamma distribution with parameter r are tabulated for r = 2(1)5 and n = 2(1)10.
Fueling a Diesel Engine with Methyl-ester Soybean Oil (1995)

The Agricultural Engineering Department at the University of Missouri-Columbia has fueled a 1991 and a 1992 Dodge pickup 5.9 L (360 in.3) Cummins engine with methyl-ester soybean oil (soydiesel) for more than 80 467 km (50,000 mile). The 1991 pickup has been driven approximately 48 280 km (30,000 mile) and the 1992 pickup has been driven approximately 32 187 km (20,000 mile). Fueling the engines with 100% soydiesel increased engine power by 3% (1991 engine) and reduced power by 7% (1992 engine). The pickups averaged more than 6.9 km/L (16.7 mile/gal). Analysis of engine lubrication oil suggested that the engines were wearing at a normal rate. The black exhaust smoke normally observed when a diesel engine accelerates was reduced by 86% when the diesel engine was fueled with 100% soydiesel. Increased EPA exhaust emissions requirements for diesel engines have created much interest in the use of soydiesel as a fuel for diesel engines.
비 유지방 분말크림 제조시 유화 안정성의 비교 (1991)

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of the emulsion stability according to the quantity of emusifiers and the pressure of homogenizer in coffee whitener preparation. The results of this study are as follow : 1. To obtain a standard emulsifier, the ratio of mono and diglycerides (Atoms 150), sorbitan monostearate (Span 60) and polyoxylene(20) sorbitan monostearate (Tween 60) was 60 : 20 : 20 and the optimum quantity was about 0.9% for stable emulsion. 2. Characteristics as coffee whitner were markedly improved when the pressure of homogenizer was 200∼250㎏/㎠ and homogenizing times are over 4. 3. The good whitening capacity was showed when fat glouble`s average diameter was under 0.5㎛.
Photochemical Crosslinking and Isolation of Block Copolymers in Selective Solvent (1987)

Three block copolymer, poly (styrene/butadiene/styrene) micellized in selective solvents is photochemically crosslinked, using benzoyl peroxide as a photochemical initiator. It is found that the ultimate molecular weight of crosslinked micelles increases with the increase in concentration of copolymer and volume percent of precipitant, whereas it decreases with temperature. For isolation purposes of these crosslinked micelles, the nitrobenzene was mixed to the reaction mixture and nitrogen gas was bubbled through the system during precipitation. The micelles were precipitated by dropwise addition of methanol alongwith rigorous stirring. These precipitated micelles were dried at lower than 15Â°C under vacuum and the molecular weight of so precipitated micelles was found to be the same as before precipitation.
Aurintricarboxylic acid inhibits endothelial activation, complement activation, and von Willebrand factor secretion in vitro and attenuates hyperacute rejection in an ex vivo model of pig‐to‐human pulmonary xenotransplantation (2008)

Our study demonstrated in vitro protective effect of ATA on the inhibition of endothelial activation and vWF secretion and confirmed detrimental effect of ATA on induction of endothelial TF and platelet activation. The combination of ATA and lepirudin may act beneficially by preventing coagulation perturbation while maintaining improved xenograft survival.
Clock sensitivity reduction in echo cancellers (1985)

An algorithm is presented which enables echo cancellers to track rapid sample phase variations.
[Oryzalin-induced chromosome doubling of Scutellaria barbata]. (2011)

The technique could be used for chromosome doubling in Scutellaria barbata.
Anti-inflammatory activity of topical THC in DNFB-mediated mouse allergic contact dermatitis independent of CB1 and CB2 receptors (2013)

Topically applied THC can effectively attenuate contact allergic inflammation by decreasing keratinocyte-derived pro-inflammatory mediators that orchestrate myeloid immune cell infiltration independent of CB1/2 receptors. This has important implications for the future development of strategies to harness cannabinoids for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases.
Property Lost in Translation (2013)

The world is full of localized, non-standard property regimes that co-exist alongside state property laws. This Article provides the first comprehensive look at the phenomenon of localized property systems, and the difficulties that necessarily attend the translation of localized property rights.\nRather than survey the numerous localized property systems in the world, this Article explores the common features of the interaction between localized and state property systems. All localized property systems entail translation costs with the wider state property systems around them. Translation costs result from incompatibilities, as well as information and enforcement costs. Focusing on translation costs, the Article examines the pressures for localized systems to converge into larger state systems, as well as the features of localized property that may keep it distinct. Additionally, the Article shows that state protection of localized property systems (such as Norwegian protection of the property rights of the indigenous Sami people) may sometimes lower translation costs, but may also lower the utility of the localized systems through poor incorporation into state law.\nUnderstanding localized property systems has important implications for understanding the nature of property. Property law systems, like other legal systems, have greater utility with greater numbers of adherents. Thus, using the insights of the economics of network effects is crucial to understanding property. Another potential insight stemming from our analysis is in the theory of commons property: translation costs must be taken into account when examining collective action solutions to tragedies of the commons.
GAS EQUILIBRIUM BEHIND THE SHOCK WAVE IN OXYGEN, NITROGEN AND THEIR MIXTURES AND XENON (1961)

The calculation of the values of the thermodynamic parameters of a gas behind a direct shock wave in O2, N2 and their mixtures with Xe, assuming instantaneous establishment of equilibrium, is given. The calculations were made on a high-speed electronic computer. It is shown that the addition of xenon to oxygen and nitrogen noticeably raises the temperature and the degree of dissociation of the molecular components of the mixture. (Author)
20-40 Gb/s 0.2-/spl mu/m GaAs HEMT chip set for optical data receiver (1997)

Using our 0.2-/spl mu/m AlGaAs-GaAs-AlGaAs quantum well high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) technology, we have developed a chip set for 20-40 Gb/s fiber-optical digital transmission systems. In this paper we describe five receiver chips: a limiting amplifier with a differential gain of 17 dB and a 3 dB bandwidth of 29.3 GHz, a 40 Gb/s clock recovery, a data decision and a 1:4 demultiplexer, both for bit rates of more than 40 Gb/s, and a static 1:4 divider with operating frequencies up to 30 GHz. All presented chips were characterized on wafer with 50-/spl Omega/ coplanar test probes.
Transfer of data over ATM networks using available bit rate (ABR) (2002)

The paper contributes to currently debated key issues on the evolution of ATM networks and their standardisation. It takes the view that since the asynchronous transfer mode has features of both circuit and packet switching, one has to selectively draw benefits for different types of traffic, compromising, if necessary, the integration principle. The use of the available bit rate (ABR), promoted by the ATM Forum for handling time insensitive (best effort) traffic, is fully adopted and its influence on switching discussed in detail. Coupled with ABR for transmission, the paper supports the employment of massive memory within the switching equipment. By suggesting solutions to key memory management problems, it also examines the use of X.25-like flow and congestion control, selectively employed for data transfer over ATM networks.
暴风雪里的“暖和”点子比赛 (2013)

“你没事吧？”爸爸问道。我们的车子偏离了乡村公路，冲进了一个雪堆，一个雪白的世界将我们包围。爸爸试着启动车子，但无济于事。“我们被困在这儿了，”爸爸说，“但是不用担心，我们有奶奶准备好的应急箱。”
Balance the Carrier Mobility To Achieve High Performance Exciplex OLED Using a Triazine-Based Acceptor (2016)

A star-shaped 1,3,5-triazine/cyano hybrid molecule CN-T2T was designed and synthesized as a new electron acceptor for efficient exciplex-based OLED emitter by mixing with a suitable electron donor (Tris-PCz). The CN-T2T/Tris-PCz exciplex emission shows a high ΦPL of 0.53 and a small ΔET-S = -0.59 kcal/mol, affording intrinsically efficient fluorescence and highly efficient exciton up-conversion. The large energy level offsets between Tris-PCz and CN-T2T and the balanced hole and electron mobility of Tris-PCz and CN-T2T, respectively, ensuring sufficient carrier density accumulated in the interface for efficient generation of exciplex excitons. Employing a facile device structure composed as ITO/4% ReO3:Tris-PCz (60 nm)/Tris-PCz (15 nm)/Tris-PCz:CN-T2T(1:1) (25 nm)/CN-T2T (50 nm)/Liq (0.5 nm)/Al (100 nm), in which the electron-hole capture is efficient without additional carrier injection barrier from donor (or acceptor) molecule and carriers mobilities are balanced in the emitting layer, leads to a highly efficient green exciplex OLED with external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 11.9%. The obtained EQE is 18% higher than that of a comparison device using an exciplex exhibiting a comparable ΦPL (0.50), in which TCTA shows similar energy levels but higher hole mobility as compared with Tris-PCz. Our results clearly indicate the significance of mobility balance in governing the efficiency of exciplex-based OLED. Exploiting the Tris-PCz:CN-T2T exciplex as the host, we further demonstrated highly efficient yellow and red fluorescent OLEDs by doping 1 wt % Rubrene and DCJTB as emitter, achieving high EQE of 6.9 and 9.7%, respectively.
Kolmogorov entropy and numerical experiments (1976)

Numerical investigations of dynamical systems allow one to give estimates of the rate of divergence of nearby trajectories, by means of a quantity which is usually assumed to be related to the Kolmogorov (or metric) entropy. In this paper it is shown first, on the basis of mathematical results of Oseledec and Piesin, how such a relation can be made precise. Then, as an example, a numerical study of the Kolmogorov entropy for the H\'enon-Heiles model is reported.