gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<sup>99m</sup>Tc-Labeled Small Peptides as Diagnostic Radiopharmaceuticals (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT99mTc-Labeled Small Peptides as Diagnostic RadiopharmaceuticalsShuang Liu and D. Scott EdwardsView Author Information DuPont Pharmaceuticals Company, Medical Imaging Division, 331 Treble Cove Road, North Billerica, Massachusetts 01862 Cite this: Chem. Rev. 1999, 99, 9, 2235–2268Publication Date (Web):July 28, 1999Publication History Received21 December 1998Revised14 May 1999Published online28 July 1999Published inissue 8 September 1999https://doi.org/10.1021/cr980436lCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views2605Altmetric-Citations403LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (781 KB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Nuclear medicine,Peptides and proteins,Pharmaceuticals,Receptors,Technetium Get e-Alerts
Differentiation-associated toxin receptor modulation, cytokine production, and sensitivity to Shiga-like toxins in human monocytes and monocytic cell lines (1996)

Infections with Shiga toxin-producing Shigella dysenteriae type 1 or Shiga-like toxin (SLT)-producing Escherichia coli cause bloody diarrhea and are associated with an increased risk of acute renal failure and severe neurological complications. Histopathological examination of human and animal tissues suggests that the target cells for toxin action are vascular endothelial cells. Proinflammatory cytokines regulate endothelial cell membrane expression of the glycolipid globotriaosylceramide (Gb(3)) which serves as the toxin receptor, suggesting that the host response to the toxins or other bacterial products may contribute to pathogenesis by regulating target cell sensitivity to the toxins. We examined the effects of purified SLTs on human peripheral blood monocytes (PBMn) and two monocytic cell lines. Undifferentiated THP-1 cells were sensitive to SLTs. Treatment of the cells with a number of differentiation factors resulted in increased toxin resistance which was associated with decreased toxin receptor expression. U-937 cells, irrespective of maturation state, and PBMn were resistant to the toxins. U-937 cells expressed low levels of GB(3), and toxin receptor expression was not altered during differentiation. Treatment of monocytic cells with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) did not markedly increase sensitivity or alter toxin receptor expression. Undifferentiated monocytic cells failed to synthesize TNF and interleukin 1beta when treated with sublethal concentrations of SLT type I (SLT-I), whereas cells treated with 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate acquired the ability to produce cytokines when stimulated with SLT-I. When stimulated with SLT-I, U-937 cells produced lower levels of TNF than PBMn and THP-1 cells did.
Failure of egg cylinder elongation and mesoderm induction in mouse embryos lacking the tumor suppressor <i>smad2</i> (1998)

smad genes constitute a family of nine members whose products serve as intracellular mediators of transforming growth factor beta signals. SMAD2, which is a tumor suppressor involved in colorectal and lung cancer, has been shown to induce dorsal mesoderm in Xenopus laevis in response to transforming growth factor beta and activins. The smad2 gene is expressed ubiquitously during murine embryogenesis and in many adult mouse tissues. Animals that lacked smad2 died before 8.5 days of development (E8.5). E6.5 homozygous mutants were smaller than controls, lacked the extraembryonic portion of the egg cylinder, and appeared strikingly similar to E6.5 smad4 mutants. This similarity was no longer evident at E7.5, however, because the smad2 mutants contained embryonic ectoderm within their interiors. Molecular analysis showed that smad2 mutant embryos did not undergo gastrulation or make mesoderm. The results demonstrate that smad2 is required for egg cylinder elongation, gastrulation, and mesoderm induction.
Switch in glutamate receptor subunit gene expression in CA1 subfield of hippocampus following global ischemia in rats (1993)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Effects of the application of Low-Dye taping on the pain and stability of patients with plantar fasciitis (2015)

[Purpose] This study examined how the application of Low-Dye (LD) taping affected the pain and stability of patients with plantar fasciitis. [Subjects] The subjects were 30 patients with plantar fasciitis who were divided into two groups: a Low-Dye taping group (LTG, n=15) and a conservative treatment group (CTG, n=15). [Methods] The treatments were performed three times a week for six weeks in both groups. A visual analog scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the pain and stability of patients with plantar fasciitis, and the transfer area of the center of gravity (TAOCOG) was measured to evaluate stability using a BioRescue device. [Results] In the within-group comparison of the VAS, the LTG and CTG values significantly decreased. In the post-test between-group comparison, the VAS pain decreased more significantly in LTG than in CTG. In the within-group comparison of the TAOCOG, the LTG value significantly increased. In the post-test between-group comparison, the TAOCOG value increased more significantly than in LTG than in CTG. [Conclusion] Utilizing Low-Dye taping for patients with plantar fasciitis appears to be an effective intervention method for reducing pain and enhancing stability.
Potential role of NKT regulatory cell ligands for the treatment of immune mediated colitis (2007)

Natural killer T lymphocytes (NKT) have been implicated in the regulation of autoimmune processes in both mice and humans. In response to stimuli, this subset of cells rapidly produces large amounts of cytokines thereby provoking immune responses, including protection against autoimmune diseases. NKT cells are present in all lymphoid compartments, but are most abundant in the liver and bone marrow. They are activated by interaction of their T-cell receptor with glycolipids presented by CD1d, a nonpolymorphic, major histocompatibility complex class I-like molecule expressed by antigen presenting cells. Several possible ligands for NKT cells have recently been suggested. beta-glucosylceramide, a naturally occurring glycolipid, is a metabolic intermediate in the anabolic and catabolic pathways of complex glycosphingolipids. Like other beta-glycolipids, beta-glucosylceramide has an immunomodulatory effect in several immune mediated disorders, including immune mediated colitis. Due to the broad impact that NKT cells have on the immune system, there is intense interest in understanding how NKT cells are stimulated and the extent to which NKT cell responses can be controlled. These novel ligands are currently being evaluated in animal models of colitis. Here, we discuss strategies to alter NKT lymphocyte function in various settings and the potential clinical applications of natural glycolipids.
An Integrated Approach to Staff Development, Supervision, and Teacher Evaluation. (1987)

In 13 patients with myotonic dystrophy, oculomotor, auditory, and vestibular tests were performed. All 13 patients showed one or more abnormalities. There was a significant increase in the penetrance of the separate abnormalities with age. Saccadic slowing was found in 10 patients, in a severe form in three. Seven patients had a sensorineural high-tone hearing loss (30 to 85 dB at 8 kHz), which was in excess of that expected for their age, that could be attributed to myotonic dystrophy. Brain-stem auditory evoked potentials showed a significant interwave delay of the I-V interval (0.35 to 0.7 milliseconds). An abnormal vestibulo-ocular reflex was found in six patients; three had vestibular hyperreflexia with increased gain, and three had hyporeflexia with short time constants. This study confirms that in myotonic dystrophy, sensory system involvement can be found on both a peripheral and a central level.
Modelling and analysis of the effect of stacking chips with TSVs in 3D IC package encapsulation process (2012)

This paper presents the modelling and analysis of the encapsulation processfor three-dimensional (3D) stacking-chip package with through-silicon via (TSV)integration. The fluid-structure interaction of the 3D stacking-chip package encapsulationwas modelled by finite volume and finite element codes, which were solved separately.The effect of the increase in the number of stacking chips was analysed. The visualisationof the 3D stacking-chip package encapsulation process was presented at different fillingtimes. The void formation around the stacking chips was identified for each case. Thedisplacement and von Mises stress for the copper through-silicon vias were determined.The use of designed inlet-outlet heights in the integrated circuit package maintained thefilling time of the encapsulation process and reduced the void of the packages as thenumber of stacking chips increased. The encapsulation model facilitated a clearvisualisation and enhanced fundamental understanding of the design of a 3D integratedcircuit encapsulation. The proposed analysis is expected to be a reference and guide inthe design and improvement of 3D integration packages.
Properties of Ion-Implanted Boron, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus in Single-Crystal Silicon. (1967)

The technique of ion implantation provides a method of introducing impurities into semiconductors for the purpose of selectively doping the material to form device structures. The purpose of the research reported here was to investigate the usefulness of this technique for implanting the elements boron, phosphorus, and nitrogen into the semiconductor silicon. The material produced by this method was analyzed in relation to both its physical properties and to the electrical characteristics of the device structures obtained. Planar and mesa diodes were fabricated which had low leakage and sharp reverse breakdown characteristics. Also by ion implantation methods, useful planar transistors were made which exhibited common-emitter current gains up to 30. (Author)
Interleukin‐18 and transforming growth factor‐beta 1 plasma levels in Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia (2006)

Inflammation has been involved in the development of dementia in cerebrovascular diseases. To investigate the cellular activation of the peripheral immune system in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD), we determined the presence of IL-18 and TGF-beta1 in the plasma by using ELISA. The levels of IL-18 and TGF-beta1 were significantly elevated in patients with AD and VaD compared to non-demented, age-matched subjects. We found an inverse correlation between the levels of IL-18 and TGF-beta1 in AD patients. In VaD patients, the correlation between IL-18 and TGF-beta1 reached a borderline positive value. Whereas, in the non-demented, age-matched subjects, a positive correlation between IL-18 and TGF-beta1 levels was observed. These findings indicate that IL-18 and TGF-beta1 elevation is associated with AD and VaD patients, confirming that the immune system might exert a remarkable role in the development and progression of neurodegenerative disorders. Moreover, as different modifications were detected in the patients affected by AD and VaD, we propose that IL-18 and TGF-beta1 plasma levels might represent possible differential biomarkers.
Colonization With Staphylococcus aureus in Atopic Dermatitis Patients: Attempts to Reveal the Unknown (2021)

Atopic dermatitis (AD) patients are massively colonized with <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>) in lesional and non-lesional skin. A skin infection may become systemic if left untreated. Of interest, the incidence of multi-drug resistant <i>S. aureus</i> (MRSA) in AD patients is higher as compared to a healthy population, which makes treatment even more challenging. Information on the specific genetic background of <i>S. aureus</i> accompanying and/or causing AD flares would be of great importance in terms of possible treatment option development. In this review, we summarized the data on the prevalence of <i>S. aureus</i> in general in AD skin, and the prevalence of specific clones that might be associated with flares of eczema. We put our special interest in the presence and role of staphylococcal enterotoxins as important virulence factors in the epidemiology of AD-derived <i>S. aureus</i>. Also, we summarize the present and potentially useful future anti-staphylococcal treatment.
Language model parameter estimation using user transcriptions (2009)

In limited data domains, many effective language modeling techniques construct models with parameters to be estimated on an in-domain development set. However, in some domains, no such data exist beyond the unlabeled test corpus. In this work, we explore the iterative use of the recognition hypotheses for unsupervised parameter estimation. We also evaluate the effectiveness of supervised adaptation using varying amounts of user-provided transcripts of utterances selected via multiple strategies. While unsupervised adaptation obtains 80% of the potential error reductions, it is outperformed by using only 300 words of user transcription. By transcribing the lowest confidence utterances first, we further obtain an effective word error rate reduction of 0.6%.
Holographic Panoramic Stereograms Synthesized from White Light Recordings (1969)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text D. J. DeBitetto, "Holographic Panoramic Stereograms Synthesized from White Light Recordings," Appl. Opt. 8, 1740-1741 (1969) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Software metrics model for integrating quality control and prediction (2002)

A model is developed that is used to validate and apply metrics for quality control and quality prediction, with the objective of using metrics as early indicators of software quality problems. Metrics and quality factor data from the Space Shuttle flight software are used as an example. Our approach is to integrate quality control and prediction in a single model and to validate metrics with respect to a quality factor. Boolean discriminant functions (BDFs) were developed for use in the quality control and quality prediction process. BDFs provide good accuracy for classifying low quality software because they include additional information for discriminating quality: critical values. Critical values are threshold values of metrics that are used to either accept or reject modules when the modules are inspected during the quality control process. A series of nonparametric statistical methods is also used in the method presented. It is important to perform a marginal analysis when making a decision about how many metrics to use in the quality control and prediction process. We found that certain metrics are dominant in their effects on classifying quality and that additional metrics are not needed to accurately classify quality. This effect is called dominance. Related to the property of dominance is the property of concordance, which is the degree to which a set of metrics produces the same result in classifying software quality. A high value of concordance implies that additional metrics will not make a significant contribution to accurately classifying quality; hence, these metrics are redundant.
Effects of a Ni cap layer on transparent Ni/Au ohmic contacts to p-GaN (2002)

Ohmic contacts to p-GaN were obtained after annealing Ni/Au and Ni/Au/Ni contacts in flowing O2. Both Ni-capped p-GaN/Ni/Au and uncapped Ni/Au contacts were shown to result in specific contact resistance of ∼10−4 Ω cm2. In both cases, transparent NiO and thin, porous Au films were formed. Ni/Au contacts exhibited optical transmittance at λ=450 nm of &gt;85%. Addition of the Ni cap layer was shown to increase the thermal stability of thin Ni/Au ohmic contacts and increase the 450 nm transmittance to 93%, while maintaining a low contact resistance. The ability of the capping layer to produce these improvements was discussed based on a total energy model of thin film morphology.
Latest developments in VGF technology: GaAs, InP, and GaP (2002)

VGF (vertical gradient freeze) technology produces the world's highest quality III-V semiconductors, including GaAs, InP, and GaP. In this paper, we review the latest developments of the VGF technology in terms of the crystal quality, electrical characteristics and mechanical strength, as well as epitaxy and implant applications.
Fracture toughness of one- and two-dimensional nanoreinforced cement via scratch testing (2021)

Cement is the most widely consumed material globally, with the cement industry accounting for 8% of human-caused greenhouse gas emissions. Aiming for cement composites with a reduced carbon footprint, this study investigates the potential of nanomaterials to improve mechanical characteristics. An important question is to increase the fraction of carbon-based nanomaterials within cement matrices while controlling the microstructure and enhancing the mechanical performance. Specifically, this study investigates the fracture response of Portland cement reinforced with one- and two-dimensional carbon-based nanomaterials, such as carbon nanofibres, multiwalled carbon nanotubes, helical carbon nanotubes and graphene oxide nanoplatelets. Novel processing routes are shown to incorporate 0.1-0.5 wt% of nanomaterials into cement using a quadratic distribution of ultrasonic energy. Scratch testing is used to probe the fracture response by pushing a sphero-conical probe against the surface of the material under a linearly increasing vertical force. Fracture toughness is then computed using a nonlinear fracture mechanics model. Nanomaterials are shown to bridge nanoscale air voids, leading to pore refinement, and a decrease in the porosity and the water absorption. An improvement in fracture toughness is observed in cement nanocomposites, with a positive correlation between the fracture toughness and the mass fraction of nanofiller for graphene-reinforced cement. Moreover, for graphene-reinforced cement, the fracture toughness values are in the range of 0.701 to 0.717 MPa[Formula: see text]. Thus, this study illustrates the potential of nanomaterials to toughen cement while improving the microstructure and water resistance properties. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'A cracking approach to inventing new tough materials: fracture stranger than friction'.
The Protection Technology of Script-Based Cyber Attack (2015)

Recent web-based cyber attacks are evolving into a new form of attacks such as private information theft and DDoS attack exploiting JavaScript within a web page. These attacks can be made just by accessing a web site without distribution of malicious codes and infection. Script-based cyber attacks are hard to detect with traditional security equipments such as Firewall and IPS because they inject malicious scripts in a response message for a normal web request. Furthermore, they are hard to trace because attacks such as DDoS can be made just by visiting a web page. Due to these reasons, it is expected that they could result in direct damages and great ripple effects. To cope with these issues, in this article, a proposal is made for techniques that are used to detect malicious scripts through real-time web content analysis and to automatically generate detection signatures for malicious JavaScript.
Biology of the navel orangeworm,<i>Paramyelois transitella</i>(Walker), on almonds and walnuts in northern California (1961)

the Federal Bureau of Entomology took one adult in a light trap near Tempe, Arizona. This was the first recorded collection of the navel orangeworm in the United States. He further noted that the navel orangeworm came into prominence in 1921. He stated that during July of that year, navel oranges in the Salt River Valley of Arizona were falling in greater abundance than usual, and many of them were infected with a blackrot known as Alternaria citri Ellis and Pierce. A survey of the groves showed that practically all the diseased fruits were infested with caterpillars of the navel orangeworm. Because the disease and the caterpillars were found only in Washington and Australian navel oranges, the larvae were thought to be responsible for the presence of the disease. Mote also called attention to the fact that the Arizona Commission of Agriculture and Horticulture, in a letter, offered California authorities an opportunity to investigate the problem and simultaneously prohibited the movement of Arizona navel oranges into California. This embargo was supplemented by the California authorities with instructions to all quarantine inspectors and guardians to refuse to admit navel oranges from Arizona. A quarantine order was not promulgated, for fear of causing unnecessary injury to the Arizona citrus industry. Mackie and Jacobsen (1930) mentioned that the above order was superseded on March 11,1927, by Quarantine Circular No.7, with no changes being made in regard to excluding fruit from California.
Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy children (2008)

Influenza vaccines are efficacious in children older than two but little evidence is available for children under two. There was a marked difference between vaccine efficacy and effectiveness. No safety comparisons could be carried out, emphasizing the need for standardisation of methods and presentation of vaccine safety data in future studies. It was surprising to find only one study of inactivated vaccine in children under two years, given current recommendations to vaccinate healthy children from six months old in the USA and Canada. If immunisation in children is to be recommended as a public health policy, large-scale studies assessing important outcomes and directly comparing vaccine types are urgently required.