gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Endothelium-specific activation of NAD(P)H oxidase in aortas of exogenously hyperinsulinemic rats (1999)

To examine the effects of chronic hyperinsulinemia on vascular tissues, we examined the production of superoxide anion (O(-2)) in the aortic tissues of control and exogenously hyperinsulinemic rats performed by the implantation of an insulin pellet for 4 wk. O(-2) production by aortic segments from hyperinsulinemic rats was 2. 4-fold (lucigenin chemiluminescence method) and 1.7-fold (cytochrome c method) of that of control rats without any differences in O(-2) degrading activities in aortic tissues, respectively (P < 0.025). The increment was completely abolished in the presence of either 100 micromol/l apocynin (an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase) or 10 micromol/l diphenyleneiodonium (an inhibitor of flavin-containing enzyme) and was exclusively endothelium dependent. Consistently, NAD(P)H oxidase activities in endothelial homogenate in hyperinsulinemic rats were dose dependently stimulated above the values of control rats, although these activities in nonendothelial homogenate were not significantly stimulated by insulin. Furthermore, an insulin effect was also demonstrated 1 h after exposing aortic tissues to insulin. These results indicate that O(-2) production specifically increases in endothelium of aortic tissues in chronic hyperinsulinemic rats through the activation of NAD(P)H oxidase.
Gram-negative bacilli as nontransient flora on the hands of hospital personnel (1987)

The possibility that gram-negative bacilli (GNB) are part of the nontransient flora on hands was examined by using a broth rinse technique to detect low titers of GNB after a hygienic hand wash with soap and water. A total of 100 nurses who had direct patient contact and 40 controls without patient contact had a similar rate of recovery of GNB (46 and 55%, respectively). GNB persisted on the hands of 10 nurses throughout five successive hand washes with soap and water. Hand cultures were obtained daily from 12 nurses before and after a work shift in a surgical intensive care unit. GNB were recovered from 57% of individuals before patient contact and from only 24% after the work shift. Nontransient GNB on the hands of hospital personnel are a potential reservoir for hospital strains, and patient contact is not an obvious source for the acquisition of nontransient GNB.
Trematodes of Marine Fishes of Mexican Waters IX. Four Gasterostomes from the Pacific Coast (1956)

Margarita Bravo-Hollis, Franklin Sogandares-Bernal, Trematodes of Marine Fishes of Mexican Waters IX. Four Gasterostomes from the Pacific Coast, The Journal of Parasitology, Vol. 42, No. 5 (Oct., 1956), pp. 536-539
Tail Reconnection Triggering Substorm Onset (2008)

Magnetospheric substorms explosively release solar wind energy previously stored in Earth's magnetotail, encompassing the entire magnetosphere and producing spectacular auroral displays. It has been unclear whether a substorm is triggered by a disruption of the electrical current flowing across the near-Earth magnetotail, at approximately 10 R(E) (R(E): Earth radius, or 6374 kilometers), or by the process of magnetic reconnection typically seen farther out in the magnetotail, at approximately 20 to 30 R(E). We report on simultaneous measurements in the magnetotail at multiple distances, at the time of substorm onset. Reconnection was observed at 20 R(E), at least 1.5 minutes before auroral intensification, at least 2 minutes before substorm expansion, and about 3 minutes before near-Earth current disruption. These results demonstrate that substorms are likely initiated by tail reconnection.
Exact solution for excess electrons in quantum mechanically operating solar cells, under cumulative Auger effects (2007)

Abstract: – We derive excess carrier populations in quantum wells, embedded in the intrinsic region of p-i-n solar cells. In the process of the analysis, we (a) solve for photo-generated carriers in quantum wells and (b) determine explicit dependence on incident solar wavelength. We include in the computations the existence of optical gaps near 1eV or wavelengths in the near infrared, so that our complete device design covers both visible and IR spectra simultaneously: a clear advantage over bulk and nitride-base solar currently studied solar cells. In the process of derivations, we include the effect of recombination losses via cumulative Auger recombination coefficients cn on photo-excited carriers in intrinsic quantum wells nph, as found in the middle region of p-i-n solar cells, leading to an explicit new result of the form: nph ~ cn-1/3.We find the total carrier concentration to be the sum of photo-excited and background carriers, namely, ntotal = nph + no. Our approach is general and can be applied to different semiconducting layers, while as a concrete application, we select lattice-matched germanium and gallium arsenide layers forming quantum wells. Excess carrier concentrations of the order of 10 18 per unit volume are predicted for thin GaAs-Ge quantum wells, under steady solar photon incidence, while the background dark carrier concentration is near 10 14 carriers per unit volume. Key-Words: quantum wells, solar cells, solar spectrum, Auger recombination, material growth, quantum photovoltaics 1
NITINOL 60 AS A MATERIAL FOR SPACECRAFT TRIBOELEMENTS (2009)

The mechanical properties of Nitinol 60, 60 w/o Ni, 40 w/oTi (55 a/o Ni, 45 a/o Ti) are sufficiently attractive to warrant its consideration as a lubricated spacecraft triboelement. The ability to lubricate Nitinol 60 by the oils usually used on spacecraft mechanisms--Pennzane 2001A, Krytox 143AC and Castrol 815Z - was experimentally determined. These oils were run in the boundary lubrication regime for Nitinol 60 balls running against a 440C steel counterface in the vacuum spiral orbit tribometer. Test results consisting of the coefficient of friction versus time (friction traces) and relative degradation rates are presented. Contrary to the inability to successfully lubricate other metal alloys with high titanium content, it was found that Nitinol 60 is able to be lubricated by these oils. Overall, the results presented here indicate that Nitinol 60 is a credible candidate material for spacecraft bearing applications.
Ligadura do canal arterial: técnica extrapleural Ligation of patent ductus arteriosus: extrapleural technique (1992)

A técnica de correção cirúrgica da persistência do canal arterial (PCA) com ligadura tripla por via extrapleural é apresentada. Após anestesia geral, a criança é posicionada em decúbito lateral direito tendendo a decúbito ventral. Por uma pequena incisão acompanhando a borda inferior da escápula, o canal arterial é dissecado e ligado duplamente com fios Poliéster 2/0 e um ponto transfixante de Polipropileno 4/0. Essa técnica dispensa drenagem torácica. De setembro de 1988 a agosto de 1990, foram operados 47 pacientes portadores de PCA. Destes, 40 foram submetidos à técnica. A idade variou de quatro meses a 11 anos com média de 3,1 ± 3,0 anos (Tabela 1). Vinte e quatro crianças eram do sexo feminino e 16 do masculino. Vinte crianças (50%) tinham idade menor que um ano. Não foi registrada nenhuma intercorrência intra ou pósoperatória. Todas as crianças foram seguidas no pós-operatório tardio com avaliação clínica, exame radiológico do tórax e ecodopplercardiografia. Nenhuma delas apresentou recanalização ou lesão de nervo recorrente, num seguimento que variou de sete a 30 meses, com média de 15,3 meses. Em nossa experiência, a ligadura do canal arterial mostrou-se benigna quanto ao intra e ao pós-operatório, não apresentando mortalidade imediata ou tardia. Essa técnica deve ser utilizada como de escolha na correção da PCA, principalmente com crianças de baixa idade e peso.<br>The authors describe the surgery for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) with triple ligature through the extrapleural path. After general anesthesia, the child has his position in the right lateral and a little ventral decubitus. A small incision is made in the inferior limit of the scapula. The pleura is dissected and the PDA exposed, double ligated with Polyester 2/0 and transfixed and tightened with Polypropilene 4/0. With this technique it is not necessary to have a chest tube. Fourty seven patients with PDA were submitted to surgery between September 1988 and August 1990; in 40 patients it was possible to do this type of surgery. Ages ranged from 4 months to 11 years, with mean age of 3.1 ± 3.0 years. Twenty children were less than one year old. There were 24 females and 16 males. No cases of intra or post-operative complications were registered. The follow-up ranged from 7 to 30 months (mean 15.3 months). Ali children were submitted to clinical evaluation, thoracic Rx and ecocopplercardiography. No patients presented recanalization or other complications. This experience showed that this tecnique is reliable, efective and it does not present immediate and late morbility or mortality. This technique can be safely used in younger as well as older children.
Deletion of Newly Described Molecule, Pellino1, Aggravates Blood Perfusion and Neovascularization and Exerts Increased Tissue Fibrosis in a Murine Model of Hind-Limb Ischemia (2015)

Rishi, Muhammad T. MD; Shaikh, Inam A. MD; Selvaraju, Vaithinathan PhD; McFadden, David W. MD, FACS; Palesty, Alexander J. MD, FACS; Maulik, Nilanjana PhD, FAHA Author Information
A Computer-Based Multichannel Recording System for Nuclear Analysis (1968)

The use of digital computers for multichannel pulse-height analysis is becoming more and more prominent. This thesis describes a computer-based system which was built to do this analysis. Data obtained from scintillation detectors is analyzed in an analog- to- digital converter and stored in the 8-k memory of a Sigma-II computer. The entire system is described. Details of the interface between the computer and the converter are included. Also included are flowcharts and programs for data storage and printout.
Evaluating microprocessor multimedia extensions for the real-time simulation of RBF networks (2003)

In this article we determine the performances of general purpose microprocessors with multimedia extensions, i.e., including a SIMD micro-machine. We studied the Pentium and Pentium II processors with MMX technology to evaluate the capability of the multimedia extensions to simulate in real-time RBF networks using the Mahalanobis distance. For that purpose we implemented the Mahalanobis distance both in MMX assembly code and in C language. Our experiments showed that the Pentium processors with MMX technology are capable of simulating RBF neural networks in real-time with a speed up greater than 3 over usual code in C.
EFFECT OF PINEAL EXTRACTS ON BLOOD GLUTATHIONE LEVEL IN PSYCHOTIC PATIENTS (1954)

THE FUNCTION of the pineal gland is not established; evidence bearing on this matter has been reviewed in another publication from this laboratory. 1 The possibility that the pineal gland might influence metabolism in man has not been investigated extensively in the past, and it was therefore decided to make such a study here. Some negative findings were encountered; a constant positive finding was that the blood glutathione level changed during a course of injections of some pineal extracts. This was considered important since earlier work 2 had shown that the blood glutathione level is low in many patients with manic-depressive, involutional, or schizophrenic psychoses. A few observations on glucose tolerance were also made, in view of the belief currently held by some workers that glutathione influences carbohydrate metabolism. MATERIAL AND METHODS Nine experiments were performed with four pineal extracts, designated in this laboratory as A, RPA-4, TRPA-4, and TSD-D;
Estrogens keep alive the hepatocyte memory (1988)

Transient stimulation of target tissues by sex steriods can cause long-lasting changes that may facilitate or alter responses to subsequent hormonal treatment. How these altered characteristics are propagated during cell division in the absence of the stimulating hormone is unknown. The human hepatocarcinoma cell line HepG2 was used as a model to examine the effects of estrogen on the synthesis of serum apolipoproteins in vitro . Treatment with low concentrations of estrogen for 24 to 48 hours resulted in long-lasting alterations in the kinetics with which the cells respondent to subsequent stimulation with estrogen. Manifestation of this memory effect was correlated quantitatively with the induction and propagation of a moderate-affinity, nuclear, estrogen-binding protein with the characteristics of a type II estrogen receptor. The data indicate that transient exposure of these cells to estrogen can induce changes in their response, characteristics and composition of nuclear proteins that are inherited by daughter cells grown in the absence of hormone for more than ten generations.
A Prospective Study of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Sexually Active Young Women (2000)

Asymptomatic bacteriuria in young women is common but rarely persists. It is a strong predictor of subsequent symptomatic urinary tract infection.
Dynamic Observation of Sweat Glands of Human Finger Tip Using All-Optical-Fiber High-Speed Optical Coherence Tomography (2005)

High-speed optical coherence tomography (OCT) makes it possible to perform a time-sequential imaging of biological tissue and small organs. In this paper, we demonstrate in vivo observation of dynamics of sweat glands of human finger tip using high-speed OCT with push–pull driven fiber-optic PZT phase modulators. Movement of a sweat droplet through a micro spiral duct can be tracked clearly. An interesting function of sweat glands is found out in time-sequential OCT imaging.
Dispersion of axially symmetric waves in fluid-filled cylindrical shells (2000)

Acoustic waves normally incident on an elastic cylindrical shell can cause the excitation of circumferential elastic waves on the shell. These shells may be empty and fluid immersed, or fluid filled in an ambient medium of air, or doubly fluid loaded inside and out. Circumferential waves on such shells have been investigated for the case of aluminum shells, and their phase-velocity dispersion curves have been obtained for double fluid loading [Bao, Raju, and Überall, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 105, 2704 (1999)]. Similar results were obtained for empty or fluid-filled brass shells [Kumar, Acustica 27, 317 (1972)]. We have extended the work of Kumar to the case of fluid-filled aluminum shells and steel shells imbedded in air. These cases demonstrate the existence of circumferential waves traveling in the filler fluid, exhibiting a certain simplicity of the dispersion curves of these waves. This is in striking contrast to the results for double (outside and inside) loading by two fluids of comparable density, where circumferential waves in both external and internal fluids were found, their interaction causing segmentation and repulsion phenomena of their dispersion curves. The condition of standing circumferential waves determines the eigenfrequency spectrum of the shell.
Expression of <i>c‐sis</i> and other cellular proto‐oncogenes in human sarcoma cell lines and biopsies (1989)

Six biopsies (4 of human fibrosarcomas, 1 of a B-cell lymphoma and 1 of a normal lymph node from a melanoma patient) and 6 cell lines (derived from 5 different human osteosarcomas and from 1 rhabdomyosarcoma), together with control cells, were examined for the expression of c-sis, c-fos and c-myc. The expression of c-sis/PDGF-B-related proteins was also examined in cultured cells (not in biopsies). In situ hybridization studies further showed that the occurrence and level of expression of c-sis mRNA and c-sis/PDGF-B-related proteins were significant in the tumor cells. Expression of c-fos and c-myc mRNA did not correlate with c-sis expression. Southern blot analysis of c-sis, c-fos and c-myc of 20 DNAs of cell lines derived from human sarcoma or biopsies showed an identical pattern for BamH1 and EcoR1 restriction fragments of c-sis (except for 1 fibrosarcoma biopsy), implicating no gene rearrangement as a cause of enhanced proto-oncogene expression. The nucleotide sequence of c-sis is highly homologous to that of the viral v-sis oncogene which is capable of transforming infected cells. We conclude that enhanced expression of c-sis in the sarcomas we have examined is involved in the initiation and/or maintenance of the cell transformed state.
Kinetics of the free radical terpolymerization of diethyl maleate with methyl methacrylate and styrene (1987)

Abstract The kinetics of the free radical terpolymerization of diethyl maleate (DEM) (M 1 ) with methyl methacrylate (MMA) (M 2 ) and styrene (M 3 ) was investigated at 60°C with AIBN as initiator. The analysis of the dependence of the terpolymer composition on the feed composition was difficult due to the similar chemical and physical properties of diethyl maleate and methyl methacrylate and also by the low content of the former monomer in the terpolymers. Finally, the terpolymer composition could be determined by means of microanalyses of carbon and hydrogen content. The results of these determinations were confirmed by 13 C NMR spectroscopy. The initiation rate constant of AIBN was studied at different feed compositions by means of the inhibition method. For the study of the over‐all polymerization kinetics of this ternary system it was necessary to take into account the dependence of the termination rate on the feed composition. It was found that not only the viscosity of the solution, but also the properties of the polymer segment next to the radical site have to be considered. Containing only parameters and constants measured independently from terpolymerization, the kinetic equation obtained described satisfactorily the initial over‐all rates.
A Secondary Response to Pressor Stimuli Caused by Sensitization to an Endogenous Pituitary Hormone (1958)

A prolonged and frequently extreme pressor response subsequent to the usual pressor response to asphyxia, nicotine injection or carotid occlusion has been observed in dogs, cats and monkeys treated with certain pressor aminies. Analysis of this phenomenon indicates that it is due to sensitization of the vascular bed, largely that of the intestine, by the amines to a pituitary hormone released by the various stimuli used. This hormone is probably equivalent to vasopressin.
Failure in Steel Forging (2008)

Abstract This article presents six case studies of failures with steel forgings. The case studies covered are crankshaft underfill; tube bending; spade bit; trim tear; upset forging; and avoidance of flow through, lap, and crack. The case studies illustrate difficulties encountered in either cold forging or hot forging in terms of preforge factors and/or discontinuities generated by the forging process. Supporting topics that are discussed in the case studies include validity checks for buster and blocker design, lubrication and wear, mechanical surface phenomenon, forging process design, and forging tolerances. Wear, plastic deformation processes, and laws of friction are introduced as a group of subjects that have been considered in the case studies.
RAKE Finger Placement for CDMA Downlink Equalization (2006)

We consider the problem of interference suppression in a multipath DS-CDMA downlink using a general RAKE receiver structure with M fingers and arbitrary finger delays. Utilizing asymptotically optimal sampling design theory, a new design approach that optimizes the receiver performance over the finger delays is proposed. It provides a set of delays which are asymptotically optimal for large M, and sheds light on the behavior of various finger placements' performance, as the number of fingers increases, and on the effect of the smoothness of the underlying chip pulse. Numerical results show that for certain Rayleigh fading channels and several chip pulses, the proposed finger placement is superior to the chip periodically-spaced finger placement.
Micro-Benchmark Based Extraction of Local and Global Disk (2000)

Obtaining timely and accurate information about the low-level characteristics of disk drives presents a problem for system design and implementation alike. This paper presents a collection of three disk microbenchmarks which combine to empirically extract a relevant subset of disk geometry and performance parameters in an efficient and accurate manner, without requiring a priori information of the drive being measured. Novel among the benchmarks is the utilization of linearly increased stride to glean a spectrum of low-level details including head switch and cylinder switch times while factoring out rotational effects. A bandwidth benchmark extracts the zone profile of disks, revealing that the previously preferred linear model of zone bandwidth is less accurate than the quadratic model. A seek profile is also generated, completing a trio of benchmarks. Data is collected from a class of modern disks, including five SCSI, two IDE and two simulated drives.
Replacement of histidine by glutamine at select residues in the chlorophyll-binding protein CP47 in photosystem II. [Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803] (1991)

A mutant strain of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 has been developed in which psbB, the gene coding for the chlorophyll a-binding protein CP47 in photosystem II (PS II), has been deleted. This deletion mutant has been used for the reintroduction of modified psbB into the cyanobacterium. Histidine residues in hydrophobic regions of CP47 are potential ligands to chlorophyll molecules. Three histidine residues in the putative sixth membrane spanning helix of this protein have been replaced by glutamine, resulting in mutants H455Q, H466Q and H469Q (the number refers to the CP47 residue that was altered). Both H455Q and H466Q are able to grow photoautotrophically with a doubling time of 12 hours at a rate similar to wild type. H469Q, however, has a doubling time of 50 hours. The chlorophyll/PS II ratio in H469Q is also increased from 600 (as found in wild type, H455Q and H466Q) to 3,300. The 695 nm 77K fluorescence emission, emanating from PS II, is also greatly reduced in H469Q. They conclude that histidine 469 is required for the stable incorporation of CP47 into the thylakoid membrane and is therefore required for the stable assembly of the PS II reaction center.
Optimum laser-produced plasma for extreme ultraviolet light source (2008)

The optimum plasma conditions of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light source for lithography were experimentally clarified that is optically thin and minimum mass Sn plasma generated from a limited size target. Sn plasma is quite opaque for EUV light of 13.5 nm in wavelength, therefore 13.5 nm light emitted from deep within a Sn plasma is strongly absorbed, thus optically thin plasma production is essential for efficient EUV generation. Contamination of EUV optics caused by debris emanated from laser irradiated Sn targets is a serious problem in the Sn based EUV source system. Target residue around the laser spot is the dominant source of neutral debris, which can be reduced with supplying the minimum mass target containing the minimum number of Sn atoms required for sufficient EUV generation. Spectral purity of generated EUV light is an important requirement to expose clear mask image on a photo-resist film without chromatism. Out-of-band radiation in the vacuum ultraviolet range is dominantly radiated from the laser spot peripheral. Target size must be equal to the laser spot size to suppress the out-of-band radiation.
ChemInform Abstract: MICELLAR EFFECTS UPON THE REACTIONS OF AMINO ACIDS AND THEIR DERIVATIVES WITH 2,6‐DINITRO‐4‐TRIFLUOROMETHYLBENZENE SULFONATE ION (1976)

Abstract Die Untersuchungen betreffen die Reaktion des Sulfonat‐Ions (I) mit den Aminoderivaten (II) zu den N‐substituierten Produkten (III).