gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The role of high frequencies in speech localization (2005)

This study measured the accuracy with which human listeners can localize spoken words. A broadband (300 Hz-16 kHz) corpus of monosyllabic words was created and presented tolisteners using a virtual auditory environment. Localization was examined for 76 locations ona sphere surrounding the listener. Experiment 1 showed that low-pass filtering the speech sounds at 8 kHz degraded performance, causing an increase in polar angle errors associated with the cone of confusion. In experiment 2 it was found that performance in fact varied systematically with the level of the signal above 8 kHz. Although the lower frequencies (below 8 kHz) are known to be sufficient for accurate speech recognition in most situations, these results demonstrate that natural speech contains information between 8 and 16 kHz that is essential for accurate localization.
ChemInform Abstract: The Effects of Ti, C, and TiC on the Crystallization of Amorphous Nd2Fe14B. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
In-Situ and Ex-Situ Investigation of Lateral Current Density Variations in a PEM Fuel Cell With Serpentine Flow Field (2009)

One of the most common types of flow field designs used in proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell is the serpentine flow field. It is used for its simplicity of design, its effectiveness in distributing reactants and its water removal capabilities. The knowledge about where current density is higher, under the land or the channel, is critical for flow field design and optimization. Yet, no direct measurement data are available for serpentine flow fields. In this study a fuel cell with a single channel serpentine flow field is used to separately measure the current density under the land and channel on the cathode. In this manner, a systematic study is conducted under a wide variety of conditions and a series of comparisons are made between land and channel current density. Results show that under most operating conditions, current density is higher under the land than that under the channel. However, at low voltage, a rapid drop off in current density occurs under the land due to concentration losses. In order to investigate the cause of the variations of current density under the land and channel and series of ex-situ and in-situ experiments were conducted. In the ex-situ portion of the study, the contact resistance between the gas diffusion electrode (GDE) and the graphite flow plate were measured using an ex-situ impedance spectroscopy technique. The values of the contact resistance under the channel were found to be larger than that under the land. This implies that the contact resistance under the land and channel vary greatly, likely due to variations in compression under different section of the flow field. These variations in turn cause current density variations under the land and channel.
High‐melting bisphenol‐A polycarbonate from annealing of vapor‐induced crystals (1986)

Abstract Polycarbonate is known to crystallize thermally, but only slowly and to a limited (25%) extent. The melting points reported exhibit a wide variation. We have found that the melting temperature of polycarbonate may be drastically increased by employing a sequence of vapor‐induced crystallization and annealing treatments. The crystals formed by the treatment with organic vapor act as a nucleation or precursor state for further crystallization into larger, more perfect lamellae. An initial peak melting temperature of 195°C has been annealed up to 239°C, and then to 295°C by a double‐heat treatment. This sample is 60% crystalline, based on heat‐of‐fusion calculations. An equilibrium melting point of 335°C has been obtained for PC from an extrapolation of reciprocal lamellar thickness.
Trans‐Proteomic Pipeline supports and improves analysis of electron transfer dissociation data sets (2010)

Electron transfer dissociation (ETD) is an alternative fragmentation technique to CID that has recently become commercially available. ETD has several advantages over CID. It is less prone to fragmenting amino acid side chains, especially those that are modified, thus yielding fragment ion spectra with more uniform peak intensities. Further, precursor ions of longer peptides and higher charge states can be fragmented and identified. However, analysis of ETD spectra has a few important differences that require the optimization of the software packages used for the analysis of CID data or the development of specialized tools. We have adapted the Trans-Proteomic Pipeline to process ETD data. Specifically, we have added support for fragment ion spectra from high-charge precursors, compatibility with charge-state estimation algorithms, provisions for the use of the Lys-C protease, capabilities for ETD spectrum library building, and updates to the data formats to differentiate CID and ETD spectra. We show the results of processing data sets from several different types of ETD instruments and demonstrate that application of the ETD-enhanced Trans-Proteomic Pipeline can increase the number of spectrum identifications at a fixed false discovery rate by as much as 100% over native output from a single sequence search engine.
Pineal modulation of the rat caudate‐putamen spontaneous neuronal activity: Roles of melatonin and vasotocin (1993)

The effects of microiontophoretic application of melatonin and melatonin plus vasotocin on spontaneously active neurons of caudate-putamen in sham-operated and pinealectomized rats were studied. Extracellular unit recordings showed that in sham-pinealectomized rats, melatonin ejection primarily produced inhibition of the responsive neurons (74.1%), whereas only 24.9% of the neurons were excited. Iontophoretic ejection of vasotocin or melatonin+vasotocin produced, in both cases, an inhibition of 100% of the responsive neurons. In pinealectomized rats, iontophoretic melatonin ejection produced a similar percentage of inhibition (46.1%) and excitation (53.8%) of the responsive neurons. The simultaneous ejection of melatonin+vasotocin further increased the percentage of inhibition (88.8%) compared with the melatonin only treated group. Moreover, iontophoretic ejection of vasotocin inhibited 100% of the responsive neurons in pinealectomized rats. The actions of melatonin and vasotocin seem to be specific, because their effects are dependent on the amount of these compounds ejected, i.e., the intensity of the ejection current. These results indicate that the pineal compounds melatonin and vasotocin are neuromodulators of spontaneous neuronal activity of the rat caudate-putamen.
Differential fine-tuning of gene expression regulation in coffee leaves by CcDREB1D promoter haplotypes under water deficit (2017)

Despite the importance of the DREB1D gene (also known as CBF4) in plant responses to water deficit and cold stress, studies analysing its regulation by transgenic approaches are lacking. In the current work, a functional study of three CcDREB1D promoter haplotypes (named HP15, HP16 and HP17) isolated from drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive clones of Coffea canephora was carried out in plants of C. arabica stably transformed by Agrobacterium tumefaciens by analysing their ability to regulate the expression of the uidA reporter gene in response to water deficit mimicked by polyethylene glycol (-2.0 MPa) and low relative humidity treatments. A deletion analysis of their corresponding 5'-upstream regions revealed increased specificity of β-glucuronidase activity in the polyethylene glycol and low relative humidity treatments, with high expression in leaf mesophyll and guard cells in full-length constructs. RT-qPCR assays also revealed that the HP16 haplotype (specific to clone tolerant to water deficit) had stronger and earlier activity compared with the HP15 and HP17 haplotypes. As most of the cis-regulatory elements involved in ABA-dependent and -independent networks, tissue specificity and light regulation are common to these haplotypes, we propose that their organization, as well as the nucleic acid polymorphisms present outside these boxes, may play a role in modulating activities of DREB1D promoters in guard cells.
Trade-Off Curves for QoS Routing (2006)

Trade-off curves for the exact and the relaxed QoS routing problem are presented and discussed. In addition, an efficient parametric linear programming algorithm to compute the trade-off curve of the relaxed problem is given. Trade-off curves enable a network operator to choose the set of constraints according to its QoS portfolio and are useful in the design of the network. In particular, the trade-off curves represent for the operator’s network the possible basic feasible solutions that can be computed rapidly. In some sense, we reverse the QoS routing problem by giving the network operator the means to advertise an appropriate set of QoS constraints for its network. Instead of offering the user the freedom to require desirable endto-end QoS levels from the operator, the user now can choose from the advertised QoS constraints portfolio those that best fit his application. The trade-off curve of the approximate, relaxed problem also gives insight in the computational complexity of QoS routing.
Optimizing complex systems by intelligent evolotion: the LEMd method and case study (2006)

Most methods of evolutionary computation follow a Darwinian-type model that proceeds through random mutations or recombinations of the genetic material and natural selection of individuals carried out according to the principle of the survival of the fittest. In such a model, the creation of new individuals is not guided by any reasoning process or “external mind”, but rather by random or semi-random changes. Recently, a new, non-Darwinian approach to evolutionary computation has been proposed, called Learnable Evolution Model (LEM), in which the evolutionary process is guided by computational intelligence. In LEM, a new way of creating individuals is proposed, namely, by hypothesis formation and instantiation. In numerous experiments, LEM has consistently and significantly outperformed compared conventional Darwinian-type algorithms in terms of the evolution length (the number of fitness evaluations) in solving complex function optimization problems. Based on the LEM ideas, we developed a method, called LEMd, which is tailored to problems of optimizing very complex engineering systems. This article provides a brief description of LEMd and its application to the development of a specialized system, ISHED, for the optimization of evaporator designs in cooling systems. According to experts in cooling systems, ISHED-developed designs have matched or outperformed the best human designs. These results and those from the experimental testing of learnable evolution on problems with hundreds of variables suggest that LEMd may be an attractive new tool for optimizing very complex engineering systems.
Inactivation of Salmonella typhi by high levels of volatile fatty acids during anaerobic digestion (1998)

Survival of Salmonella typhi was investigated in an anaerobic digester for cattle dung with volatile fatty acid (VFA) levels of 5000 mg l(-1) and pH 6.0. The organism was added to the digester only once in the first experiment and daily in the other. Survival was monitored on alternate days. In the single dose experiment, the counts of Salm. typhi declined rapidly and the pathogen was completely eliminated within 12 d in the experimental digester (VFA ca 5000 mg l(-1) and pH 6.0), whereas 26 d were required in the control digester (VFA ca 100 mg l(-1) and pH 6.8). T90 values for the experimental and control digesters were 2.44 d and 4.80 d, respectively. In the daily dose experiment, a four log reduction in the pathogen count was observed in the experimental digester, but only a two log reduction in the control digester at the end of the experimental period. The mean T90 values for the experimental and the control digester were 4.22 d and 18.63 d, respectively. In both the experiments, statistical analysis of the data showed significant differences in the survival pattern of Salm. typhi in the two digesters.
Photolysis of 2-ethynylcycloheptanone: a photochemical acetylene–allene rearrangement with ring expansion (1969)

R. G. Carlson and D. E. Henton, J. Chem. Soc. D, 1969, 674 DOI: 10.1039/C29690000674
Aller voir ailleurs si j'y suis. Hergé, Michaux, Simenon (1995)

peer reviewed
Personification and Optimization of Learning Based on Technology for Evaluation and Monitoring of Complex Processes: Uchi.ru Case Study (2016)

Modern information technologies has changed our world dramatically during last years. We see how a number of traditional professions were died, and how a number of new specialities and workplaces were born under pressure of new technologies. Technologies are moving so quickly, and in so many directions, that it becomes challenging to even keep in mind a general picture. In this article, we shortly discuss disruptive technologies and tried to formulate our vision how they could change the very core activities in every society -education. The analysis shown that the main challenge and apical point for educational systems is adaptation and personification of educational process. The principal grounds are illustrated on the example of Uchi.ru platform.
1417 Numerical study on viscoelastic flow in co-extrusion process of multi-layer film (2007)

We studied the viscoelastic flow in co-extrusion process of multi-layer film by simulating the viscoelastic constitutive model in two dimension. The viscoelasticity of resins affects the flow in a channel, which results in the variation of the thickness of each layer. We discuss the effect of the viscoelasticity in co-extrusion by comparing the results with pure-viscous fluids.
Earth-Atmospheric Coupling During Strong Earthquakes by Analyzing MODIS Data (2001)

Interactions between the Earth and the atmosphere during major earthquakes (M greater than 5) are the subject of this investigation. Recently a mechanism has been proposed predicting the build-up of positive ground potentials prior to strong earthquake activity. Connected phenomena include: transient conductivity of rocks, injection of currents, possibly also electromagnetic emission and light emission from high points at the surface of the Earth. To understand this process we analyze vertical atmospheric profiles, land surface and brightness (temperature) data, using the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) onboard NASA's Terra satellite launched in December 1999. MODIS covers the entire Earth every 1-2 days in 36 wavelength bands (20 visible and 16 infrared) at different spatial resolutions (250 m, 500 m, and 1 km). Using MODIS data we look for correlations between the atmospheric dynamics and solid Earth processes for the January 2001 strong earthquakes in San Salvador and India. As part of the build-up of positive grounds potential, an IR luminescence is predicted to occur in the 8-12 micrometer band. We use the MODIS data to differentiate between true signals and IR luminescence. Indeed, on the basis of a temporal and spatial distribution analysis, a thermal anomaly pattern is found that appears to be related to the seismic activity. Aerosol content and atmospheric instability parameters also change when ground charges build up causing ion emission and leading to a thin aerosol layer over land. We analyze the aerosol content, atmospheric pressure, moisture profile and lifted index. Anomalous trends have been identified in few days prior to the main shocks. The significance of this observation should be explored further using other data sets.
Nonlinear Piece In Hand Perturbation Vector Method for Enhancing Security of Multivariate Public Key Cryptosystems. (2008)

Abstract. The piece in hand (PH) is a general scheme which is applicable to any reasonable type of multivariate public key cryptosystems for the purpose of enhancing their security. In this paper, we propose a new class PH method called NLPHPV (NonLinear Piece in Hand Perturbation Vector) method. Although our NLPHPV uses similar perturbation vectors as is used for the previously known internal perturbation method, this new method can avoid redundant repetitions in decryption process. With properly chosen parameter sizes, NLPHPV achieves an observable gain in security from the original multivariate public key cryptosystem. We demonstrate these by both theoretical analyses and computer simulations against major known attacks and provides the concrete sizes of security parameters, with which we even expect the grater security against potential quantum attacks. Key words: public key cryptosystem, multivariate polynomial, multivariate public key cryptosystem, piece in hand concept, perturbation vector 1
Mapping Large-Scale Networks Associated with Action, Behavioral Inhibition and Impulsivity (2021)

A key aspect of behavioral inhibition is the ability to wait before acting. Failures in this form of inhibition result in impulsivity and are commonly observed in various neuropsychiatric disorders. Prior evidence has implicated medial frontal cortex, motor cortex, orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), and ventral striatum in various aspects of inhibition. Here, using distributed recordings of brain activity [with local-field potentials (LFPs)] in rodents, we identified oscillatory patterns of activity linked with action and inhibition. Low-frequency (δ) activity within motor and premotor circuits was observed in two distinct networks, the first involved in cued, sensory-based responses and the second more generally in both cued and delayed actions. By contrast, θ activity within prefrontal and premotor regions (medial frontal cortex, OFC, ventral striatum, and premotor cortex) was linked with inhibition. Connectivity at θ frequencies was observed within this network of brain regions. Interestingly, greater connectivity between primary motor cortex (M1) and other motor regions was linked with greater impulsivity, whereas greater connectivity between M1 and inhibitory brain regions (OFC, ventral striatum) was linked with improved inhibition and diminished impulsivity. We observed similar patterns of activity on a parallel task in humans: low-frequency activity in sensorimotor cortex linked with action, θ activity in OFC/ventral prefrontal cortex (PFC) linked with inhibition. Thus, we show that δ and θ oscillations form distinct large-scale networks associated with action and inhibition, respectively.
Concept for Temperature Control in Broaching Nickel-Based Alloys (2012)

In production of safety critical components in aero engine manufacture, to date broaching is the most efficient process machining fir-tree slots in turbine discs. Machining highly thermal resistant Nickel-based alloys, manufacturers commonly use High Speed Steel (HSS) tools and work at low cutting speeds in order to stay at rather low tool wear rates and avoid part quality defects. The key variable affecting tool wear as well as part quality, as in most machining processes, is the temperature. Excessive temperatures in the cutting zone lead to enhanced tool wear on the one hand, and surface defects such as white layer formation and residual tensile stresses on the other hand. In this article, the temperature development is investigated for typical tool geometries and cutting parameters in broaching. Furthermore, the possibility of a temperature control using intermediate variables such as process forces is discussed, and potentials employing a control are explained.
Continuous microwave oscillations in GaAs junction lasers (1968)

Microwave oscillations produced by continuously operating GaAs stripe geometry junction lasers are reported here for the first time. These oscillations have been measured both in the light output of the diodes and in the dc current applied to the laser connections. The frequency of the oscillation lies in the 0.5- to 3.0-GHz range and depends strongly on current and temperature. The frequency typically increases with increasing current at a rate of 15 to 20 MHz/mA and decreases with increasing temperature at 100 to 150 MHz/°K. Introduction of an external microwave signal locks the frequency of the oscillation and reduces the oscillation width from 10 MHz to the external signal width. The frequency of oscillation agrees with a theory of intensity fluctuations in lasers based on the rate equations.
Polarisation control mechanism of DFB fibre lasers (1998)

Since the introduction of single-mode DFB fibre lasers with UV induced phase-shift, these lasers have found many applications within optical communication [1]. Single polarisation operation of the laser could be attributed to a polarisation dependence of either the grating reflectivity, background loss, erbium gain, or the phase-shift. It has been shown that a birefringent distributed phase-shift causes a considerable difference in the magnitude of the phase-shift experienced by the two polarisations [2]. However, until now it has not been clarified which polarisation dependent effect is dominating in obtaining single polarisation operation. In this paper, we present experimental evidence that a birefringent distributed phase-shift is the dominating effect.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Switching of Ca2+-dependent inactivation of Ca(v)1.3 channels by calcium binding proteins of auditory hair cells. (2006)

Ca(V)1.3 channels comprise a vital subdivision of L-type Ca2+ channels: Ca(V)1.3 channels mediate neurotransmitter release from auditory inner hair cells (IHCs), pancreatic insulin secretion, and cardiac pacemaking. Fitting with these diverse roles, Ca(V)1.3 channels exhibit striking variability in their inactivation by intracellular Ca2+. IHCs show generally weak-to-absent Ca2+-dependent inactivation (CDI), potentially permitting audition of sustained sounds. In contrast, the strong CDI seen elsewhere likely provides critical negative feedback. Here, we explore this mysterious CDI malleability, particularly its comparative weakness in hair cells. At baseline, heterologously expressed Ca(V)1.3 channels exhibit intense CDI, wherein each lobe of calmodulin (CaM) contributes a distinct inactivation component. Because CaM-like molecules (bearing four recognizable but not necessarily functional Ca2+-binding EF hands) can perturb the Ca2+ response of molecules regulated by CaM, we asked whether such CaM-like entities could influence CDI. We find that CaM-like calcium-binding protein (CaBP) molecules are clearly expressed within the organ of Corti. In particular, the rare subtype CaBP4 is specific to IHCs, and CaBP4 proves capable of eliminating even the potent baseline CDI of Ca(V)1.3. CaBP4 thereby represents a plausible candidate for moderating CDI within IHCs. PMID: 17050707
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND TOPICAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF SOME STEROIDAL (16α,17α‐D)‐ISOXAZOLIDINES (1983)

Abstract Die Steroide (I) und (IV) werden in die Pregnatriendione (III) und (V) übergeführt, die mit Nitronen und mit dem N‐Oxid (VII) die Cycloaddukte (VI) bzw. (VIII) ergeben.