gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An innovative method of acquiring optimization for image retrieval via dual clustering method based on segmentation (2016)

In past era it has been observed that there is an inordinate awareness in exploration continuously in the area of content-based image retrieval. This proceeds smooth approach for a huge amount of new methods and classifications and a budding attention in related meadows to sustenance such systems. Clustering has involved a lot of exploration consideration owing to its numerous solicitations. The anticipated innovative clustering technique constructed on two fields called Dual Clustering Method Based on Segmentation (DCMBS), where one field denotes to the optimization and the other mentions to the limitation. This projected DCMBS intentions to enhance the impartial task in the optimization field however sustaining the limit quantified in the control field. The suggested DCMBS created a well-organized and active process to extent the goal excellently. Though this Dual clustering technique established on separation (DCMBS) accomplishes entity clustering in equally three-dimensional (Spatial) and non-spatial domains that cannot be dispensed using glowing by outdated clustering approaches. Investigational outcomes display that the planned technique designed for image recovery is supplementary to exact, well-organized and fairly explicable in spite of the ease of use of the present recovering processes.
TLR3 activation increases chemokine expression in human fetal airway smooth muscle cells (2015)

Viral infections, such as respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus, adversely affect neonatal and pediatric populations, resulting in significant lung morbidity, including acute asthma exacerbation. Studies in adults have demonstrated that human airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells modulate inflammation through their ability to secrete inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. The role of ASM in the developing airway during infection remains undefined. In our study, we used human fetal ASM cells as an in vitro model to examine the effect of Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists on chemokine secretion. We found that fetal ASM express multiple TLRs, including TLR3 and TLR4, which are implicated in the pathogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus infection. Cells were treated with TLR agonists, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] (TLR3 agonist), lipopolysaccharide (TLR4 agonist), or R848 (TLR7/8 agonist), and IL-8 and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5) secretion were evaluated. Interestingly, poly(I:C), but neither lipopolysaccharide nor R848, increased IL-8 and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 secretion. Examination of signaling pathways suggested that the poly(I:C) effects in fetal ASM involve TLR and ERK signaling, in addition to another major inflammatory pathway, NF-κB. Moreover, there are variations between fetal and adult ASM with respect to poly(I:C) effects on signaling pathways. Pharmacological inhibition suggested that ERK pathways mediate poly(I:C) effects. Overall, our data show that poly(I:C) initiates activation of proinflammatory pathways in developing ASM, which may contribute to immune responses to infection and exacerbation of asthma.
A Synthesis of Thyronamine and Its Lower Homolog (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Synthesis of Thyronamine and Its Lower HomologL. PETIT and N. P. BUU-HOÏCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1961, 26, 10, 3832–3834Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01068a050https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01068a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views92Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
GSK3-TIP60-ULK1 Signaling Pathway Links Growth Factor Deprivation to Autophagy (2012)

In metazoans, cells depend on extracellular growth factors for energy homeostasis. We found that glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3), when deinhibited by default in cells deprived of growth factors, activates acetyltransferase TIP60 through phosphorylating TIP60-Ser(86), which directly acetylates and stimulates the protein kinase ULK1, which is required for autophagy. Cells engineered to express TIP60(S86A) that cannot be phosphorylated by GSK3 could not undergo serum deprivation-induced autophagy. An acetylation-defective mutant of ULK1 failed to rescue autophagy in ULK1(-/-) mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Cells used signaling from GSK3 to TIP60 and ULK1 to regulate autophagy when deprived of serum but not glucose. These findings uncover an activating pathway that integrates protein phosphorylation and acetylation to connect growth factor deprivation to autophagy.
First-Principles Predictions of Thermoelectric Figure of Merit for Organic Materials: Deformation Potential Approximation (2012)

We propose a combined computational scheme to predict the thermoelectric properties of organic semiconductors, taking α-form phthalocyanine crystals H2Pc, CuPc, NiPc, and TiOPc as examples. This completely parameter-free approach combines first-principles band structure calculations, Boltzmann transport theory, deformation potential theory for electron-phonon coupling, and nonequilibrium molecular dynamics for heat transport. We abandon the constant relaxation time approximation commonly practiced in the literature. Instead, we calculate it from first principles with the deformation potential approximation. The obtained Seebeck coefficients are in good agreement with experimental results, validating our treatment for relaxation time. From the calculated thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) value, we show that phthalocyanine crystals could be excellent thermoelectric materials when n-doped, with the highest ZT value of 2.5 in NiPc at a doping level of -1.5 × 10(20) cm(-3).
Fine-structure mapping of herpes simplex virus type 1 temperature-sensitive mutations within the short repeat region of the genome (1981)

Cloned herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) DNA fragments were used to fine-structure map the temperature-sensitive (ts) lesions from four mutants, ts T, D, c75, and K, by marker rescue. These mutants all overproduced immediate-early viral polypeptides at the nonpermissive temperature. Although one of these viruses, ts K, gave a more restricted infected-cell polypeptide profile under these conditions than the other three, no complementation was detected between pairwise crosses of these mutants in the yield test. Recombination, however, was obtained between all mutant pairs except ts T and D. In physical mapping experiments, ts+ virus was recovered from cells coinfected with DNA of ts T, D, or c75 and BamHI fragment k from wild-type strain 17 HSV-1 DNA cloned in pAT153, whereas ts K was rescued by cloned HSV-1 BamHI-y. Both of these cloned DNA fragments contained sequences from the short repeat region of the HSV-1 genome. The ts mutations were more precisely mapped by marker rescue, using restriction enzyme fragments within BamHI-k and -y from cloned DNA. The smallest fragment able to rescue a mutant was 320 base pairs long. The order of the four mutations derived from these studies was consistent with the assignment by genetic recombination. All four lesions mapped within the coding sequences of the immediate-early polypeptide Vmw IE 175 (ICP4) which lie outside the "a" sequence. The results showed that mutations in different regions of the gene encoding Vmw IE 175 could produce similar phenotype effects at the nonpermissive temperature.
The carotid body and associated tumors: updated review with clinical/surgical significance (2019)

<b>Purpose:</b> The carotid body functions as a chemoreceptor and receives richer blood supply, by weight, than any other organ in the body. We review the literature regarding the anatomy, histology, and function of the carotid body and the incidence, functionality, and clinical relevance of carotid body tumors and paragangliomas. These lesions are often nonfunctional but can be associated with catecholamine secretion. Most patients are asymptomatic or present initially with a cervical mass. As the tumors grow, they can impinge on nearby cranial nerves. Although there is some debate, the dominant clinical strategy is to surgically resect these tumors as early as possible. If they are resected early, the risk of postoperative neurovascular injury is minimized. <b>Methods:</b> Literature search was performed using the PubMed database with focus on articles including descriptions of the carotid body and associated tumors. <b>Results:</b> We reviewed recent literature that related to the anatomy of the carotid body while also including carotid pargangliomas and associated diagnosis with treatment interventions. <b>Conclusion:</b> As the carotid body serves as a vital modulator of cardiovascular and respiratory functions, illustrates the importance of identifying potential carotid paragangliomas due its ability to impede function of the carotid body. By understanding carotid paraganglioma's distinct etiologies while also understanding proper diagnosis of tumors allows for early detection and appropriate treatment options.
Dyeing polypropylene fibres by means of copolymer additives (1994)

Ways of improving the dyeability of polypropylene (PP) fibres using copolymer additives have been investigated. The copolymers used consisted of stearyl methacrylate plus one of three additional components that conferred dye sites available for acid or basic dyes, or both. The synthesis and characterisation of these copolymers are described, together with the method used to incorporate them into the PP fibre. Subsequent dyeing tests showed that the copolymer additives improved dyeability on PP. The mechanical properties of the fibre were not greatly affected by the copolymer additives.
Electrolyte Effects on Attachment of an Estuarine Bacterium (1984)

The effect of electrolyte concentration on attachment of Vibrio alginolyticus to hydroxyapatite was determined. Bacterial affinity for attachment to the surface and surface capacity were derived from linearization of bacterial adsorption isotherms. At low concentrations (<0.1 M) the affinity of the bacteria for the surface increased with increasing ionic strength, in agreement with the D.L.V.O. theory of colloid interaction. At higher concentrations, bacterial affinity for the surface decreased with increasing concentration of cations and was not related to ionic strength changes in the medium. These results demonstrate a change in the mechanism by which salts affect bacterial attachment at salt concentrations above 0.1 M. The results are consistent with the relationship between the proportion of attached bacteria and salinity observed in previously published field studies. The results may also resolve differences between various attachment studies carried out in different ionic strength media, utilizing different bacteria, surfaces, and experimental methods.
Bulk Purification by Fractional Precipitation (2003)

The solubility of a particular protein in aqueous solution depends on the solvent composition and on the pH; hence, variation in these parameters provides a way of purifying proteins by fractional precipitation. The factors that dictate solubility are complex, since the surface of a protein is itself complex containing ionized residues, polar regions, and hydrophobic patches, all of which will interact with the solvent in ways that are not completely understood. Hence, it is not possible to elaborate a theoretical approach to fractional precipitation (); rather, the methods are used in an essentially empirical fashion. The most widely used procedures are precipitation by addition of salt (salting out) and by addition of organic solvents; these are the focus of this chapter (see Note 1).
An Imidazole-Based Bisphenol 2-((2-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)(imidazol-4-yl)methyl)-4,6-dimethylphenol: A Versatile Host for Anions (2012)

Imidazole containing bisphenol 2-((2-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)(imidazol-4-yl)methyl)-4,6-dimethylphenol (1), (abbreviated as Imbp) and its salts with dicarboxylic acids and mineral acids, namely, maleic acid (H2mal), fumeric acid (H2fum), adipic acid (H2adpt), perchloric acid, sulphuric acid (sulfate and bisulphate), tetrafluoroboric acid, and nitric acid are structurally characterized. The crystal packing in the solid state structures of the salts are assisted by electrostatic N+–H···O and related weak interactions. The bisphenol 1 and its methanol solvate have extensive hydrogen bonded structures; in the later case the methanol molecule acts as a bridge through N–H···O and O–H···O interactions and strong π···π interactions between the two imidazole rings. Both the structures have strong intramolecular O–H...O hydrogen bonds among the hydroxyl groups of the Imbp molecule. The mono-deprotonated salts of 1 with maleic acid, adipic acid, have layered structure, whereas anion encapsulation takes place in the case of dideprotonated salts of fumeric acid. In the case of perchlorate, bisulphate, tetrafluoroborate, and nitrate salts of 1 the intramolecular O–H···O is retained. The sulfate anchors trimeric self-assemblies formed through R33 (6) type of hydrogen bond in the protonated 1 and finally they form circular structures with a diameter of 15.193 Å, in which anion is embedded. A bisulphate salt of 1 is prepared by the reaction of magnesium sulfate with sulphuric acid in methanol in the presence of 1; in this structure bisulphate occurs in pairs through intermolecular hydrogen bonds and it assists in the formation of an assembled structure of the protonated bisphenol 1.
A Strategy of “Combination Chemotherapy” in Alzheimer’s Disease: Rationale and Preliminary Results with Physostigmine plus Deprenyl (1992)

Although the central cholinergic deficits are still considered to be of primary importance in Alzheimer's disease, there is great need for an expansion of the pharmacological approach in this illness beyond the simple cholinergic replacement hypothesis. This report focuses on the concept of "combination chemotherapy" in Alzheimer's disease as the next generation of therapeutic strategies. Based on earlier positive findings in Alzheimer patients with the monoamine oxidase B inhibitor, 1-deprenyl, the authors speculate that a combination of physostigmine, the short-acting cholinesterase inhibitor, and 1-deprenyl might be more beneficial than either agent alone. The authors outline a sample paradigm for such combination studies, report preliminary data on the first 16 Alzheimer subjects to have received an initial combination of physostigmine and deprenyl, and point to other possible "combination chemotherapy" strategies for future study.
Direct PECVD growth of vertically erected graphene walls on dielectric substrates as excellent multifunctional electrodes (2012)

A novel uniform multi-level matrix of vertically erected graphene walls is directly grown on a dielectric substrate by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) at 900 °C without the presence of any catalyst and post-transfer treatment. Such a two-level structure is composed of continuous vertically erected graphene sheets (the second level) on a nanocrystalline graphene film (the first level). A nanocrystalline film is formed in the first stage (<15 min), and the graphene walls initialize on the boundary C sp3 atoms as nucleation centers to grow the erected graphene walls as the second-level component. The microstructure of the graphene walls can be modified by plasma power, growth time and seed layer coating. The unique three-dimensional graphene structure possessed high hydrophobicity (contact angle: 141°), outstanding electron conductivity (sheet resistance: 198 Ω sq−1), and tunable transparency (91.9–38.0% at 550 nm). The three-dimensional structure enables the graphene to act as an excellent electron transport network with high surface area in many aspects. The highly conductive graphene walls were used as the counter electrode of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) with a photovoltaic efficiency of 6.01%, comparable to FTO-based DSSCs (6.10%). This in situ one-step growth indicates the great potential to fabricate excellent electrodes for photovoltaic and electronic applications.
The Nature of the Hydrated Proton H<sub>(aq)</sub><sup>+</sup> in Organic Solvents (2008)

The nature of H(H2O)n(+) cations for n = 3-8 with weakly basic carborane counterions has been studied by IR spectroscopy in benzene and dichloroethane solution. Contrary to general expectation, neither Eigen-type H3O x 3 H2O(+) nor Zundel-type H5O2(+) x 4 H2O ions are present. Rather, the core species is the H7O3(+) ion.
Deflektometrie zur Qualitätsprüfung spiegelnd reflektierender Oberflächen (Deflectometry for Quality Control of Specular Surfaces) (2003)

Abstract Defekte auf glänzend lackierten Oberflächen wie z.B. Karosserieteilensind für den menschlichen Betrachter leichter wahrzunehmen — und damit störender — als auf diffus reflektierenden Oberflächen. Aus diesem Grund werden für Werkstücke, deren visuelle Erscheinung relevant für ihre Verwendung ist, besonders empfindliche Messverfahren benötigt. Deflektometrische Messverfahren ahmen die menschliche Wahrnehmung nach, indem sie das zu vermessende Objekt als Spiegel einsetzen, dessen Abbildungseigenschaften die Bestimmung der gewünschten Oberflächenfunktion erlauben. Sie erreichen eine wesentlich höhere Empfindlichkeit als Triangulationsverfahren.
Method of analysis of astaxanthin and its occurrence in some marine products (1971)

Abstract A method for the determination of astaxanthin in free and esterified forms is based on silica gel chromatography of a lipid extract to obtain fractions of diester, monoester and free astaxanthin. The fractions are reduced with borohydride and the tetrahydroxy β‐carotene is measured by ultra‐violet spectrophotomefry at 450 and 476 nm. The method has been applied to different crustacean samples and products to fish oils and to organs from rainbow trout. Values down to 0·1 μg/g sample could be measured. The fractions were identified by thin‐layer chromatography.
Psychiatric Aspects of Impulsivity (2001)

The high comorbidity of impulsivity and selected psychiatric disorders, including personality disorders, substance use disorders, and bipolar disorder, is in a large part related to the association between impulsivity and the biological substrates of these disorders. Before treatment studies on impulsivity can move forward, measures of impulsivity that capture the core aspects of this behavior need to be refined and tested on the basis of an ideologically neutral model of impulsivity.
[Prevention of iodine-deficient diseases]. (2005)

The Interregional center of public health and development assisted by Sechenov Moscow Medical Academy undertook, 1999-2000, a study of the standard of knowledge, attitude and conduct of consumers in respect to the use of iodinated salt (IS) in the prevention of iodine-deficient diseases (IDD). It was demonstrated that, on the average per one district, 19% of city respondents and 13% of rural respondents used IS only. About 31% of city respondents used IS when it was available at the next-door shop, i.e. from time to time. This figure reached 48% in Irkutsk and Orenburg Regions. The share of those who used IS sometimes in rural regions made an average of 20.7%. 67.2% of those who believe that IDD can be prevented think that ID can also be prevented. Less than 5% of them say ID cannot be regarded as a reliable tool in the prevention of IDD.
Adipositas und arterielle Hypertonie, Diabetes mellitus Typ II, Fettstoffwechselstörungen - Therapie mit Sibutramin (2003)

Insulinresistenz ist das pathogenetische Bindeglied bei der Entstehung von Diabetes mellitus Typ II, arterieller Hypertonie, Fettstoffwechselstörungen und Hyperurikämie. Die Insulinresistenz entsteht durch Übergewicht. Sie kann verbessert werden durch gesteigerte körperliche Aktivität, Gewichtsreduktion und hypokalorische Kost. Da häufig eine genetische Prädisposition, die sich z. B. auf das Appetitverhalten auswirkt, vorliegt, die die Kontrolle des Körpergewichts erschwert, sind neue Konzepte zur Gewichtsreduktion notwendig. Grund dafür ist, daß die mittelfristigen Erfolge der Gewichtsreduktion schlecht sind. Häufig kommt es wieder rasch zur Gewichtszunahme mit der Entwicklung noch schwerer ausgeprägter Folgeerkrankungen als vorher. Aus diesem Grunde sollte für die Therapie Sibutramin erwogen werden. Dieses das Appetitverhalten regulierende und die Thermogenese steigernde Medikament hilft einerseits, einen Gewichtsverlust zu erzielen und ihn besser beizubehalten. Durch die verminderte Nahrungsaufnahme kann sich jedoch zusätzlich das Therapieprinzip "hypokalorische Kost" zunutze gemacht werden, so daß häufig günstige Auswirkungen auf die Folgeerkrankungen auch ohne eintretenden Gewichtsverlust zu erzielen sind.
Usefulness of ultrasound for selecting a correctly sized uncuffed tracheal tube for paediatric patients (2011)

The purpose of this study was to assess whether ultrasonography is useful for determining uncuffed tracheal tube sizes for paediatric patients. The equation for selecting the correctly sized tracheal tube was developed using data on the subglottic diameter measured by ultrasonography and air leak test. The efficacy of the new equation was evaluated by comparing it with the conventional age-based formula (4 + age/4) in another 100 patients. Tracheal tube sizes were selected using two methods, and air leakage pressure was measured after each intubation. The ultrasonographic method allowed the correct tube size to be selected in 60% of cases, whereas the age-based method enabled this in 31% of cases (p < 0.001). Ultrasound can offer a useful means of selecting correct tracheal tube size compared with the age-based formula in paediatric patients. However, even using ultrasound, the success rate of correct tube size selection is still not very high.