gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analgesic Nephropathy — A Preventable Renal Disease (1989)

Each day in the United States, television advertisements advocate the use of analgesics, available without prescription, for the aches, pains, and headaches of daily living. Because of the effectiveness of modern advertising, the sale of analgesics over the counter has grown to become a huge industry. In addition, analgesics available by prescription generally contain similar ingredients in larger doses, sometimes in combination with narcotics, barbiturates, antihistamines, or decongestants. The 1989 Physicians' Desk Reference lists more than 75 combinations of aspirin, acetaminophen, and caffeine, in addition to many preparations that contain only one ingredient.1 In a carefully performed case–control study reported . . .
<title>Multiple target tracking and classification improvement using data fusion at node level using acoustic signals</title> (2005)

Target tracking and classification using passive acoustic signals is difficult at best as the signals are contaminated by wind noise, multi-path effects, road conditions, and are generally not deterministic. In addition, microphone characteristics, such as sensitivity, vary with the weather conditions. The problem is further compounded if there are multiple targets, especially if some are measured with higher signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) than the others and they share spectral information. At the U. S. Army Research Laboratory we have conducted several field experiments with a convoy of two, three, four and five vehicles traveling on different road surfaces, namely gravel, asphalt, and dirt roads. The largest convoy is comprised of two tracked vehicles and three wheeled vehicles. Two of the wheeled vehicles are heavy trucks and one is a light vehicle. We used a super-resolution direction-of-arrival estimator, specifically the minimum variance distortionless response, to compute the bearings of the targets. In order to classify the targets, we modeled the acoustic signals emanated from the targets as a set of coupled harmonics, which are related to the engine-firing rate, and subsequently used a multivariate Gaussian classifier. Independent of the classifier, we find tracking of wheeled vehicles to be intermittent as the signals from vehicles with high SNR dominate the much quieter wheeled vehicles. We used several fusion techniques to combine tracking and classification results to improve final tracking and classification estimates. We will present the improvements (or losses) made in tracking and classification of all targets. Although improvements in the estimates for tracked vehicles are not noteworthy, significant improvements are seen in the case of wheeled vehicles. We will present the fusion algorithm used.
Treating Interdialytic Hyperkalemia with Fludrocortisone (2003)

Hyperkalemia is a frequent and dangerous problem in dialysis patients. Many factors contribute to potentially life-threatening potassium elevation and most remedies used to treat hyperkalemia are handicapped by the consequences of the separate pools of intra- and extracellular potassium. Besides the kidney, the colon has the ability to excrete potassium, which can help lower total body potassium. Several prior authors have addressed the colon's ability to up-regulate potassium secretion, including the effect of aldosterone on fecal potassium content. Potentially dangerous intradialytic maneuvers to lower potassium levels may be avoidable with the use of the mineralocorticoid agonist fludrocortisone.
Configurationally Stable (<i>S</i>)‐ and (<i>R</i>)‐α‐Methylproline‐Derived Ligands for the Direct Chemical Resolution of Free Unprotected β<sup>3</sup>‐Amino Acids (2018)

Reported herein is a chemical method for the direct resolution of unprotected racemic β‐substituted‐β‐amino acids (β 3 ‐AAs) that uses specially designed, stable, and recyclable α‐methylproline‐derived chiral ligands. The versatility of this methodology is unmatched by biocatalytic approaches. The method shows a broad synthetic generality for various aryl‐ or alkyl‐substituted β 3 ‐AAs, and the new nonracemizable ligands can be accessed readily. Furthermore, the presented method produces an excellent stereochemical outcome and has a fully recyclable source of chirality, and the reaction conditions are operationally simple and convenient. The procedure has also been successfully applied to the scalable synthesis of the anti‐HIV drug maraviroc.
SCIP/Oct‐6, Krox‐20, and desert hedgehog mRNA expression during CNS remyelination by transplanted olfactory ensheathing cells (2001)

Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs), although having a separate developmental origin to Schwann cells, are able to generate myelin sheaths following transplantation into areas of CNS demyelination that are remarkably similar to those made by Schwann cells. The transcriptional control of Schwann cell myelination has been well documented, in particular the role of SCIP/Oct-6 and Krox-20. It is not known, however, whether these transcription factors are also expressed when OECs assume a myelinating phenotype. In this study, we addressed this question by using a transplantation approach to generate myelinating OECs and then examined the expression of SCIP/Oct-6 and Krox-20 mRNA by in situ hybridization using oligonucleotide probes. We also examined the expression of desert hedgehog (Dhh), a Schwann cell-derived signaling molecule that is responsible for regulating the development of the connective tissue elements in peripheral nerve, which bear similarities to the morphologies adopted by nonmyelinating transplanted cells. Our results indicate that both Krox-20 and Dhh mRNA are strongly expressed by transplanted OECs, with SCIP mRNA present at much lower levels. The expression of Krox-20 relative to the expression of P0 mRNA by the transplanted OECs is consistent with its playing a similar role in OEC myelination to that in Schwann cell myelination, while the expression of Dhh suggests a possible mechanism for the diverse morphologies that cells adopt following OEC transplantation into the damaged CNS. Taken together, our results provide further evidence for the close similarity of OECs and Schwann cells and suggest that, despite their separate origins, the manner in which they generate a peripheral-type myelin sheath involves similar regulatory mechanisms.
Reduction Mammaplasty and Mastopexy in Previously Irradiated Breasts: Notes on Safety and Pitfalls (2014)

We read with great interest the article from Spear et al1; we commend the authors for their engaging and challenging study, which makes a breakthrough on such a relevant topic as reconstructive procedures after breast conservation therapy (BCT).

Advances in breast cancer treatment have made BCT an effective and widely adopted surgical strategy. However, morphological and aesthetic outcomes are often not optimal and require secondary breast remodeling that may be confounded by previous radiation therapy. Although based on a small patient cohort, given the paucity of literature on this topic, the study by Spear et al1 provided informative data that will support surgeons in adopting a safe, therapeutic algorithm for patient care. It is important to note that complication rates (28%) could be reduced—even 2 years …
Hepatic and renal clearance of sodium cromoglycate (1981)

Journal Article Hepatic and renal clearance of sodium cromoglycate Get access B Clark, B Clark Fisons Limited—Pharmaceutical Division, Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK Fisons Limited—Pharmaceutical Division, Loughborough, Leicestershire, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M G Neale M G Neale Fisons Limited—Pharmaceutical Division, Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Volume 33, Issue 1, September 1981, Pages 744–745, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1981.tb13922.x Published: 12 April 2011 Article history Received: 16 February 1981 Published: 12 April 2011
OBSERVATIONS ON THE EFFECTS OF MATERIALS ON CARD GAP TEST RESULTS (1963)

T HE dependence of the card gap value for a propellant on the container material has been previously'reported.l The data reported here on nitromethane (NM) and a mixture of tetranitromethane (TNM) and acetonitrile (AN) confirm this dependence and, moreover, uncover certain effects that could be interpreted in terms of specific chemical or catalytic activity. This card gap test is a standard test in the rocket industry used to determine the relative sensitivities of propellants to hydrodynamic shock.2 It is capable of good reproducibility if one conforms to the conditions specified for the test. However, if the conditions are varied, then marked changes in the card gap value for a given propellant are possible.1 The simplicity and reproducibility of the test and its sensitivity to experimental conditions suggested that it could be useful in obtaining qualitative or semiquantitative information on the effects of certain variables on the initiation and detonation processes of monopropellan ts. It was therefore decided to use this method to study two monopropellants. The variable of greatest interest was the propellant container material. In addition to varying container materials, small quantities of several solids were added to the monopropellants to assess the presence or absence of particular chemical or catalytic effects. The basic experimental procedure was that of the JANAF Panel on Liquid Propellant Test Methods.2 The propellants were reagent grade NM and a mixture of TNM (99 + % by weight) and reagent grade AN in the ratio of 2 moles of AN to 1 mole of TNM. The container materials investigated were Teflon-coated steel (the standard container material), stainless steel 304, aluminum (T-3003), Pyrex glass, and Lucite. These materials were selected because of large differences in their chemical and mechanical properties. The dimensions of the cups prepared from these materials were very close to the dimensions of the standard cup. In some tests, small quantities of a variety of different solids, usually in the form of spheres (less than 1 cm3 volume, equivalent to 7 to 10 in number), were added to the test containers. The card gap value was located to ±5 cards, since only gross changes as a function of the variables were sought. The card gap values of NM in the standard Teflon-coated
Reduced Cerebral Oxygen Saturation During Thoracic Surgery Predicts Early Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction (2013)

Tang, L.; Kazan, R.; Taddei, R.; Zaouter, C.; Cyr, S.; Hemmerling, T. M. Author Information
Influence of cellulosic pressboards physical chemical composition on static electrification in power transformers (2004)

International audience
Topological properties of analytically uniform spaces (1971)

In the first part of the article we study certain topological properties of analytically uniform spaces (/([/-spaces, cf.L. Ehrenpreis, Fourier transforms in several complex variables, Interscience, New York, 1970).In particular we prove that .4(/-spaces and their duals are always nuclear.From here one can easily obtain some important properties of these spaces, such as the Fourier type representation of elements of a given A (/-space, etc.The second part is devoted to one important example of A (/-space which was not investigated in the aforementioned monograph: the scale of Beurling spaces Ba and '".We find a simple family of majorants which define the topology of the space 3a.This shows that the spaces of Beurling distributions are /((/-spaces.Moreover, it leads to some interesting consequences and new problems.Introduction.The notion of analytically uniform space was introduced into analysis by Leon Ehrenpreis in 1960 [13] as a natural framework for his so-called fundamental principle and other related results on division problems.Later it turned out that not only the division problems for convolution equations, but also many other problems in analysis such as the quasi-analycity, gap and density theorems, balayage, etc., can be successfully studied in terms of analytically uniform spaces.These topics together with numerous concrete examples of analytically uniform spaces are treated in the recent monograph of L. Ehrenpreis [16].The analytically uniform spaces can be viewed as the largest class of topological vector spaces which can be studied and described in terms of the Fourier transform.However, it is then natural to ask: What are the functional analysis properties of analytically uniform spaces?This question is studied in the first part of the present article.In particular, we prove that such spaces are always nuclear (cf.Theorems 1 and 2).The second part deals with the Beurling distribution spaces S)'a considered as analytically uniform spaces.In order to show that S>'a is an analytically uniform space (cf.Corollary 1 of Theorem 3) one has to find an intrinsic description of the
Future directions for flow cytometry. (1979)

Free accessAbstractFirst published December 1979Future directions for flow cytometry.L A KamentskyView all authors and affiliationsVolume 27, Issue 12https://doi.org/10.1177/27.12.391998
Using Heterogeneous Equivalences for Query Rewriting in Multidatabase Systems. (1995)

In order to have significant practical impact on future information systems, multidatabase management systems (MDBMS) must be both flexible and efficient. We consider a MDBMS with a common object-oriented model, based on the ODMG standard, and local databases that may be relational or object-oriented. In this context, query rewriting (for optimization) is made difficult by schematic discrepancy, and the need to model mapping information between the multidatabase and local schemas. We address the flexibility issue by representing the mappings from a local schema to the multidatabase schema, as a set of heterogeneous object equivalences, in a declarative language. Efficiency is obtained by exploiting these equivalences to rewrite multidatabase OQL queries into equivalent, simplified queries on the local schemas. 1 Introduction The advent of open systems is increasingly stimulating the development of information systems which can provide high-level integration of heterogeneous informatio...
Design of Plane Mirror Systems* (1965)

It is shown that the rotation of an optical image by a system of plane mirrors relates directly to the angles between the successive planes into which the optical axis reflects. This permits simpler visualization of mirror systems and rapid design of such systems for particular image rotations. Tables of the rotation are presented in terms of angles easily measured and specified in the laboratory.
Impact ionization in high resistivity silicon induced by an intense terahertz field enhanced by an antenna array (2015)

We report on the observation of ultrafast impact ionization and carrier generation in high resistivity silicon induced by intense subpicosecond terahertz transients. Local terahertz peak electric fields of several MV cm ^−1 are obtained by field enhancement in the near field of a resonant metallic antenna array. The carrier multiplication is probed by the frequency shift of the resonance of the antenna array due to the change of the local refractive index of the substrate. Experimental results and simulations show that the carrier density in silicon increases by over seven orders of magnitude in the presence of an intense terahertz field. The enhancement of the resonance shift for illumination from the substrate side in comparison to illumination from the antenna side is consistent with our prediction that the back illumination is highly beneficial for a wide range of nonlinear processes.
Correlation between Morphology, Water Uptake, and Proton Conductivity in Radiation‐Grafted Proton‐Exchange Membranes (2010)

Abstract An SANS investigation of hydrated proton exchange membranes is presented. Our membranes were synthesized by radiation‐induced grafting of ETFE with styrene in the presence of a crosslinker, followed by sulfonation of the styrene. The contrast variation method was used to understand the relationship between morphology, water uptake, and proton conductivity. The membranes are separated into two phases. The amorphous phase hosts the water and swells upon hydration, swelling being inversely proportional to the degree of crosslinking. Hydration and proton conductivity exhibit linear dependence on swelling. Proton conductivity and volumetric fraction of water are related by a power law, indicating a percolated network of finely dispersed aqueous pores in the hydrophilic domains. magnified image
Enhanced toxic gas detection using a MEMS preconcentrator coated with the metal organic framework absorber (2008)

Widespread and timely sensing of explosives, toxic chemicals and industrial compounds needs fast, sensitive detection technology that is affordable and portable. Many gas detectors developed for portable applications are based on sensing a change in resistivity or other non-selective material properties, often leading to low sensitivity and selectivity. In this paper, we report a new generation of the UIUC MEMS gas preconcentrator (muGPC) and its integration into a microfluidic M-8 (muM8) detector to demonstrate an enhanced overall detection limit and selectivity in detecting a toxic gas simulant. The integration creates a portable sensor to sniff an analyte of interest at concentration of 10 ppb or below.
Early-onset Alzheimers and Cortical Vision Impairment in a Woman With Valosin-containing Protein Disease Associated With 2 APOE [Latin Small Letter Open E]4/APOE [Latin Small Letter Open E]4 Genotype (2013)

Hereditary inclusion body myopathy is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by rimmed vacuoles and by the presence of filamentous cytoplasmic and intranuclear inclusions. Inclusion body myopathy with Paget disease of bone and frontotemporal dementia is a progressive autosomal dominant disorder associated with a mutation in valosin-containing protein (VCP) with typical onset of symptoms in the 30s. APOE [Latin Small Letter Open E]4 is a major risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer disease, a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects memory, thinking, behavior, and emotion as a result of the excessive buildup and decreased clearance of β-amyloid proteins resulting in the appearance of neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. In conclusion, we report a unique patient with an APOE [Latin Small Letter Open E]4/APOE [Latin Small Letter Open E]4 genotype and atypical VCP disease associated with early Alzheimer disease and severe vision impairment. Future studies will elucidate the interaction of VCP mutations and APOE [Latin Small Letter Open E]4 alleles in understanding common mechanisms in AD and VCP disease.
In Vivo Analysis of the Hsp90 Cochaperone Sti1 (p60) (1997)

Hsp90 interacts with Sti1 (p60) in lysates of yeast and vertebrate cells. Here we provide the first analysis of their interaction in vivo. Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutations that eliminate Sti1 or reduce intracellular concentrations of Hsp90 individually have little or no effect on growth at normal temperatures. However, when combined, the mutations greatly reduce or eliminate growth. Furthermore, overexpression of Sti1 has allele-specific effects on cells carrying various hsp90ts point mutations. These genetic interactions provide strong evidence that Hsp90 and Sti1 interact in vivo and that their functions are closely allied. Indeed, deletion of STI1 reduces the in vivo activity of the Hsp90 target protein, glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Mutations in GR that eliminate interaction with Hsp90 also eliminate the effects of the sti1 deletion. Examination of GR protein complexes in the sti1 deletion mutant reveals a selective increase in the concentration of GR-Ydj1 complexes, supporting previous hypotheses that Ydj1 functions at an early step in the maturation of GR and that Sti1 acts at an intermediate step. Deletion of STI1 also reduces the in vivo activity of another, unrelated Hsp90 target protein, v-Src. Our data indicate that Sti1 is a general factor in the maturation of Hsp90 target proteins and support earlier suggestions that Hsp90 matures even very different target proteins by a similar mechanism.
Characterization of a Novel Group of Mycobacteria and Proposal of <i>Mycobacterium sherrisii</i> sp. nov (2004)

We describe here the characterization of five isolates of Mycobacterium simiae-like organisms representing a novel group based on whole-cell fatty acid analysis and genotypic evaluation. Two of the five isolates in this study, W55 and W58, were previously considered to belong to M. simiae serotype 2. Analysis of cellular fatty acids by gas-liquid chromatography indicated a close clustering of this group, which was well differentiated from the other M. simiae-like species. Molecular characterization was performed by nucleic acid sequencing of the small subunit rRNA gene and the gene encoding the 65-kDa heat shock protein and genomic DNA hybridization. Sequence analysis of the entire 16S rRNA gene showed a unique sequence most closely related to those of M. triplex and M. simiae. The hsp65 partial gene sequence was identical for the five isolates, with 97% identity to the M. simiae type strain. However, qualitative whole genomic DNA hybridization analysis confirmed that this group is genetically distinct from M. simiae and M. triplex. Antimicrobial susceptibilities for this group resemble those of M. simiae and M. lentiflavum. We conclude that this group represents a unique Mycobacterium species for which we propose the name Mycobacterium sherrisii sp. nov.
Implications of noise contamination in stochastic time lapse inversion (2015)

Summary Time-lapse seismic monitoring of fluids inside reservoirs has now become a routine procedure in the industry. Nevertheless, the interpretation of time-lapse anomalies still involves challenges. In order to achieve more quantitatively interpretable results, the use of machine intensive techniques, as seismic inversion, emerges as an interesting option due to its capacity to quickly model and compare all the possible scenarios. Additionally, since the complete description of the “true-model” for variation of rock properties with production is not achievable by any geophysical method due to low seismic resolution and repeatability issues, a measurement of the uncertainty related to the possible scenarios is of great use to guide the seismic interpreter. Currently one of the techniques capable of giving such information is stochastic time lapse inversion. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of noise contamination on this technique through the inversion of a synthetic seismic dataset to which different RMS (Root mean square) amplitude scaled versions of random and coherent noise were added.
Guest editorial: On-the-road communications (2009)

Recent developments in the automotive and telematics industries have led to a new emerging domain known as vehicular wireless networks. Vehicular wireless networks enable several new classes of vehicular applications that can improve traffic safety, driver convenience, roadway efficiency, and facilitate many types of in-vehicle services. Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) involve not only vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) but also vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications.