gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Enoximone and Piroximone in Patients After Mitral Valve Operation: A Prospective and Controlled Clinical Study (1992)

Phosphodiesterase III (PDEII) inhibitors as so-called inodilators have previously proven a valuable alternative to positive inotropes in patients with cardiac insufficiency. In this study we compared patients receiving piroximone (P, n = 14, 0.5-mg/kg bolus in 30 min and then 3-6 micrograms/kg/min) with enoximone patients (E, n = 13, 1-mg/kg bolus and then 4-20 micrograms/kg/min) and with a third group (D, n = 14) receiving a combination of dopamine (4-10 micrograms/kg/min) and glyceroltrinitrate (0.5-5 micrograms/kg/min) for hemodynamic support. All three groups were comparable in terms of age, body surface area, and preoperative cardiac function [cardiac index (CI) less than or equal to 2.5 L/min/m2, LAP greater than 15 mm Hg]. Hemodynamic measurements (10) and Holter monitoring were performed until 18 h post MVR. In all groups, epinephrine was used for additional inotropic therapy if mean arterial pressure (MAP) was less than 60 mm Hg and/or CI was less than 2.5 L/min/m2. There was no early or late postoperative mortality in either group. Continuous support with epinephrine was necessary in 8 patients in group D, whereas initially 8 patients in group E and 6 patients in group P required epinephrine support. After PDE III inhibitor infusion, 2 patients in group E and 2 patients in group P remained epinephrine dependent (p less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Multispectral constraints for optical flow computation (2002)

Multispectral constraints are exploited for optical flow computation. The theoretical basis and conditions for using multispectral images are described. An optical flow algorithm using multispectral constraints is outlined. Tests of the algorithm on real image sequences show that various multispectral constraints from the visible and infrared spectrum can be used to compute optical flow fields in the presence of noise.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Macroscopic migration of implanted deuterium along a gas-bubble network in silicon (1999)

We observed experimentally the macroscopic migration of implanted deuterium in silicon with a new method in which the implanted deuterium concentrations were measured by counting the protons emitted from the nuclear reaction H2(d,p)H3 in the implanted region. The experimental results support a new model in which a macroscopic migration of gas bubbles containing the implanted deuterium in the form of D2 molecules exists in the implanted region and D2 molecules migrate macroscopically along the network. We describe the growth of the macroscopic network with percolation theory. From quantitative analysis of the experimental results, the density critical exponent β was obtained and found to be close to the theoretical value for two-dimensional systems predicted by the scaling theory of percolation.
816 Comparative evaluations of HRV parametars and interleukin-6 levels in patients with CHF (2005)

5 to 1.9, p<0.000).
Synthesis and Assembly of the Polypeptide Subunits of Photosystem I (1982)

The chloroplast inner membrane contains four major protein complexes: photosystem I (PS I), photosystem II (PS II), a cytochrome complex, and an ATPase. These units of function cooperate to convert photon energy into reducing power (NADPH) and chemical-bond energy (ATP). Each complex consists of 4 to 16 polypeptides that carry out a number of coordinated functions. For example, PS I contains polypeptides that bind chlorophyll, harvest light energy, and transfer the absorbed photon energy to the reaction center; a reaction-center chlorophyll-protein that mediates charge separation; two iron-sulfur proteins that serve as electron acceptors; and polypeptides that mediate the binding of ferredoxin and ferredoxin-NADP oxi-doreductase to PS I (Mullet et al. 1980).
Quantum Logic via the Exchange Blockade in Ultracold Collisions (2007)

A nuclear spin can act as a quantum switch that turns on or off ultracold collisions between atoms even when there is neither interaction between nuclear spins nor between the nuclear and electron spins. This "exchange blockade" is a new mechanism for implementing quantum logic gates that arises from the symmetry of composite identical particles, rather than direct coupling between qubits. We study the implementation of the entangling sqrt SWAP gate based on this mechanism for a model system of two atoms, each with ground electronic configuration 1S0, spin 1/2 nuclei, and trapped in optical tweezers. We evaluate a proof-of-principle protocol based on adiabatic evolution of a one-dimensional double Gaussian well, calculating fidelities of operation as a function of interaction strength, gate time, and temperature.
Automatic precision measurement of spectrograms (1978)

A fully automatic comparator has been designed and implemented to determine precision wavelengths from high-resolution spectrograms. The accuracy attained is superior to that of an experienced operator using a semiautomatic comparator with a photoelectric setting device. The system consists of a comparator, slightly modified for simultaneous data acquisition from two parallel scans of the spectrogram, interfaced to a minicomputer. The software which controls the system embodies three innovations of special interest. (1) Data acquired from two parallel scans are compared and used to separate unknown from standard lines, to eliminate spurious lines, to identify blends of unknown with standard lines, to improve the accuracy of the measured positions, and to flag lines which require special examination. (2) Two classes of lines are automatically recognized and appropriate line finding methods are applied to each. This provides precision measurement for both simple and complex line profiles. (3) Wavelength determination using a least-squares fitted grating equation is supported in addition to polynomial interpolation. This is most useful in spectral regions with sparsely distributed standards. The principles and implementation of these techniques are fully described.
Highly effective surfactants with low hemolytic activity (1991)

Communication: Fluorochemicals show potential as highly surface‐active but non‐hemolyzing surfactants , an important combination of properties for biomedical applications such as blood substitutes and contrast agents. Hydrocarbon‐based surfactants suffer from the disadvantage that as the length of the hydrocarbon chain (and therefore surface activity) increases, cell‐destruction (hemolysis) also increases. The fluorinated srufactants, however, exhibit the opposite effect, an increase in chain length and surface activity leading to reduced hemolysis.
Über 1.2.4‐Thiodiazole, XIII. Synthese und Eigenschaften von 3‐Alkylmercapto‐1.2.4‐thiodiazolen (1961)

Abstract Alkalische Kondensation von Dichlormethansulfenylchlorid mit Isothioharnstoffen ergab die bisher unbekannten 3‐Alkylmercapto‐1.2.4‐thiodiazole, die sich zu entsprechenden Sulfoxyden und Sulfonen oxydieren ließen.
Distributed Consensus Algorithms in Sensor Networks: Link Failures and Channel Noise (2007)

The paper studies average consensus with random topologies (intermittent links) \emph{and} noisy channels. Consensus with noise in the network links leads to the bias-variance dilemma--running consensus for long reduces the bias of the final average estimate but increases its variance. We present two different compromises to this tradeoff: the $\mathcal{A-ND}$ algorithm modifies conventional consensus by forcing the weights to satisfy a \emph{persistence} condition (slowly decaying to zero); and the $\mathcal{A-NC}$ algorithm where the weights are constant but consensus is run for a fixed number of iterations $\hat{\imath}$, then it is restarted and rerun for a total of $\hat{p}$ runs, and at the end averages the final states of the $\hat{p}$ runs (Monte Carlo averaging). We use controlled Markov processes and stochastic approximation arguments to prove almost sure convergence of $\mathcal{A-ND}$ to the desired average (asymptotic unbiasedness) and compute explicitly the m.s.e. (variance) of the consensus limit. We show that $\mathcal{A-ND}$ represents the best of both worlds--low bias and low variance--at the cost of a slow convergence rate; rescaling the weights...
The standardized family (1999)

In 1995 as part of The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's Generalist Physician Initiative, the University of Massachusetts (UMass) Medical School developed the "standardized family" as a new model for teaching the essential elements of primary care in a core curriculum format outside of the clinical setting. Using this model, a hypothetical family unit (the "McQ Family") serves as the focus for case-based clinical problem solving. This paper describes the standardized family model and provides two years of evaluation outcomes such as curriculum assessments, student performance outcomes, and correlation with external measures of clinical performance to support the effectiveness of this educational model. It discusses the transferability of the standardized family model from UMass Medical School to Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine and uses Pennsylvania State's adaptation (the "Hershey-Penn Family") to illustrate how the standardized family can be customized to integrate a core curriculum into a three-year longitudinal primary care program. The authors suggest that the standardized family model has the potential to meet a broad range of primary care teaching needs at other institutions.
Thrombin binding to platelets and their activation in plasma (1994)

The interactions of alpha-thrombin with platelets are critical in haemostasis and arterial thrombosis. This study established methods for characterizing the binding of alpha-thrombin to platelets and some of its consequences in platelet-rich plasma. The binding of alpha-thrombin to platelets and the subsequent platelet activation were quantified by flow cytometry, using affinity purified polyclonal antibodies to human alpha-thrombin and a monoclonal antibody to GMP-140, respectively. Dose-dependent binding of alpha-thrombin to platelets and their activation occurred in parallel, both reaching the maxima for each enzyme concentration within 10s after > or = 1.0 nM alpha-thrombin was added to recalcified PRP containing 1 microM recombinant tick anticoagulant peptide. The tick anticoagulant peptide abrogated prothrombin activation in the platelet-rich plasma. alpha-Thrombin binding to platelets, and their activation, were abrogated by a monoclonal antibody to the hirudin tail-like domain of the seven transmembrane thrombin receptor on platelets. Therefore this receptor represents an important site for alpha-thrombin binding to platelets suspended in plasma. D-Phe-Pro-ArgCH2-alpha-thrombin only bound to platelets when its concentration was > or = 100 nM, and it did so without inhibiting platelet activation by alpha-thrombin. Whereas concentrations of hirudin equimolar to those of alpha-thrombin failed to abrogate alpha-thrombin-mediated activation of platelets, a 10-fold molar excesses of hirudin over alpha-thrombin abrogated alpha-thrombin binding to platelets. The demonstration that > or = 1.0 nM alpha-thrombin can bind to platelets and initiate their activation raises the possibility that the levels of thrombin generated in venous and arterial thrombosis contribute to platelet activation in vivo.
Defocusing Losses in a Log Periodic-Fed Reflector. (1984)

Abstract : Log periodic designs are a well established wideband antenna technology, but one in which the phase center travels along the structure as the frequency varies. When a log periodic antenna is used as a feed for a reflector antenna, the phase center location cannot be maintained at the reflector focus over the frequency range and defocusing results. The purpose of this analysis is to quantify the defocusing loss for a long periodic-fed reflector. The analysis presented compares favorably with measured results. Author keywords include: Antenna losses; Reflector antenna; Wideband antenna.
Cold atoms in cavity-generated dynamical optical potentials (2013)

We review state-of-the-art theory and experiment of the motion of cold and ultracold atoms coupled to the radiation field within a high-finesse optical resonator in the dis-persive regime of the atom-field interaction with small internal excitation. The optical dipole force on the atoms together with the back-action of atomic motion onto the light field gives rise to a complex nonlinear coupled dynamics. As the resonator constitutes an open driven and damped system, the dynamics is non-conservative and in general enables cooling and confining the motion of polarizable particles. In addition the emit-ted cavity field allows for real-time monitoring of the particle’s position with minimal perturbation up to sub-wavelength accuracy. For many-body systems, the resonator field mediates controllable long-range atom-atom interactions, which set the stage for collective phenomena. Besides correlated motion of distant particles, one finds critical behavior and non-equilibrium phase transitions between states of different atomic or-der in conjunction with superradiant light scattering. Quantum degenerate gases inside optical resonators can be used to emulate opto-mechanics as well as novel quantum phases like supersolids and spin glasses. Non-equilibrium quantum phase transitions as predicted by e.g. the Dicke Hamiltonian can be controlled and explored in real-time via monitoring the cavity field. In combination with optical lattices, the cavity field can be utilized for non-destructive probing Hubbard physics and tailoring long-range interactions for ultracold quantum systems.
A phase I study of oral UFT given concomitantly with standard preoperative radiotherapy for rectal cancer. (2004)

The MTD of UFT together with leucovorin and preoperative radiotherapy for rectal cancer is 240 mg/m2. The major toxicity was diarrhea. Downstaging was noted in 60% of patients, allowing sphincter-preserving surgery even in patients with low tumors.
Monoclonal Antibody to Tumor Necrosis Factor α Attenuates Cardiopulmonary Dysfunction in Porcine Gram-negative Sepsis (1992)

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is implicated in the pathophysiology of gram-negative sepsis. This study examined physiologic and biochemical effects of pretreatment with an anti-TNF alpha monoclonal antibody immediately before the onset of sepsis. Three groups of anesthetized ventilated pigs were studied for 300 minutes. Groups 1 (n = 12) and 2 (n = 6) received a 1-hour infusion of live Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Group 2 was pretreated with anti-TNF alpha monoclonal antibody (15 mg/kg). Group 3 (n = 8) received intravenous sterile saline. Group 1 exhibited a significant rise in plasma TNF activity, which was abolished in group 2. Cardiac index was reduced in both groups 1 and 2 in the first hour but recovered in group 2 (3.3 +/- 0.4 l/min per square meter at 300 minutes in group 2 vs 1.3 +/- 0.2 L/min per square meter in group 1). Metabolic acidosis was attenuated (arterial pH, 7.39 +/- 0.01 in group 2 vs 7.16 +/- 0.03 at 300 minutes in group 1). Increased extravascular lung water was also attenuated (5.9 +/- 0.7 in group 2 vs 13.2 +/- 1.5 mL/kg at 300 minutes in group 1). However, pulmonary hypertension and hypoxemia, which are known cyclooxygenase effects, were not affected. In the early phase of the study, plasma thromboxane B2 levels were elevated in both groups 1 and 2. We conclude that anti-TNF alpha monoclonal antibody offered significant protection against the effects of sepsis, but that other mediators may be responsible for the early changes seen in this model.
Hollow conic beam generator using a cylindrical rod and its performances (2006)

By numerical simulations, it has been shown that a conventional cylindrical rod can be used as a hollow conic beam generator by illuminating a parallel laser beam inclined to the axis of the rod. Half of the conic beam is formed by the reflection at the surface of the cylindrical rod, and the opposite side of the conic beam by its transmission. We discuss the parameters to determine the size of the conic beam and the effect of the dielectric multilayer coating on the intensity distribution of the conic beam. The line beams of the shapes such as circle, ellipse, parabola, or hyperbola can be generated by this hollow conic beam generator, depending on the position and orientation of the observing plane.
Theory of Transverse Mode Coherence in Quantum Cascade Lasers (2009)

We model the phase coherence of multi-transverse modes of buried-heterostructure quantum cascade lasers. The experimentally observed transverse mode locking and beam steering are explained by four-wave mixing of longitudinal modes belonging to different transverse modes.
The heart communicates with the kidney exclusively through the guanylyl cyclase-A receptor: acute handling of sodium and water in response to volume expansion. (1996)

Disruption of guanylyl cyclase-A (GC-A) results in mice displaying an elevated blood pressure, which is not altered by high or low dietary salt. However, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), a proposed ligand for GC-A, has been suggested as critical for the maintenance of normal blood pressure during high salt intake. In this report, we show that infusion of ANP results in substantial natriuresis and diuresis in wild-type mice but fails to cause significant changes in sodium excretion or urine output in GC-A-deficient mice. ANP, therefore, appears to signal through GC-A in the kidney. Other natriuretic/diuretic factors could be released from the heart. Therefore, acute volume expansion was used as a means to cause release of granules from the atrium of the heart. That granule release occurred was confirmed by measurements of plasma ANP concentrations, which were markedly elevated in both wild-type and GC-A-null mice. After volume expansion, urine output as well as urinary sodium and cyclic GMP excretion increased rapidly and markedly in wild-type mice, but the rapid increases were abolished in GC-A-deficient animals. These results strongly suggest that natriuretic/diuretic factors released from the heart function exclusively through GC-A.
Cancer Diagnosis: From Tumor to Liquid Biopsy and Beyond (2018)

Technological advancements in research on circulating biomarkers from patient derived blood have enabled a less invasive means of diagnosing non-hematologic cancers. Considered a more practical way of real-time patient monitoring than traditional tumor biopsy, liquid biopsy markers including circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and extracellular vesicles (EVs) and exosomes certainly have the potential to change the dynamics of cancer management and treatment. Liquid biopsy essentially presents a snapshot of the disease from the primary and/or distant tumor locations and can be utilized for repeated sampling of tumor markers to adjust therapy according to the patient's response to treatment, also known as personalized or precision treatment. In this review, we discuss the research progress in this field with respect to each of the liquid biopsy markers ranging from CTCs, EVs to ctDNA. First, we highlight key CTC technologies that have been commercialized and extensively employed for patient sample analysis. Next, we present some recent developments with regards to exosome and ctDNA research. We then conclude with some future perspectives on the areas of research for these biomarkers. Taken together, we believe these non-invasive capabilities and their potential for diagnostic development can influence treatment selections and aid precision cancer therapies.
Using surface matching to register the tibia in robot-assisted total knee arthroplasty (2002)

status: Published
Data mining without data (2011)

With the proliferation of organizations that independently collect various types of data, with the growing awareness of corporations and public to keep their sensitive data private, and with the ever-increasing need of government and corporate policy makers to learn the behavior of their customers, there is a definite demand for data mining services even when the data owners refuse to provide their data directly. In the past, techniques such as random perturbation were used by data owners prior to sharing the data with a third-party data miner. But, as already proven, even these techniques are prone to privacy-violation.
Synthese und Struktur der gelben und grünen Formen von [Nb(O)Cl<sub>3</sub>(PMe<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>] sowie der organgen und grünen Formen von [Nb(S)Cl<sub>3</sub>(PMe<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>] ‐ Beispiele für perfekte Bindungslängenisomerie (1991)

Die vier siebenfach koordinierten isostrukturellen und isomorphen Nb v ‐Komplexe 1 und 2 wurden als zwei Paare von Bindungslängenisomeren ( a : lange Nb‐E‐Bindung, b : kurze Nb‐E‐Bindung) jeweils rein isoliert. So konnte durch gute IR‐spektroskopische und röntgenographische Charakterisierung der Verbindungen neues Material zur aktuellen Kontroverse über die Existenz der Bindungslängenisomerie geliefert werden. magnified image
Migratory Properties of Some Nuclear Waste Elements in Geologic Media (1979)

Nuclear waste can be disposed of in geologic repositories. To aid in assessing the suitability of geologic disposal, we have examined the interactions of trace quantities of cesium, plutonium, neptunium, and americium in aqueous solutions with rocks from formations that may be suitable for waste repositories. The results indicate that many geologic formations are barriers to the movement of these elements in flowing water.However, reactions that retard element migration are varied and do not lend themselves to simplified descriptions. In experiments with plutonium and americium, kinetics of reactions were seen to differ for each trace element and rock studied. In rock infiltration experiments with radioactive cesium, plutonium, neptunium, and americium, often most of the activity moved slowly compared to the water stream, but small quantities of the trace elements moved downstream from the main peaks of activity because of the slow reaction rates seen in static experiments, or possibly because of multiple speciation, colloid formation, movement of particles with adsorbed nuclides, or other causes. These fast-moving components of the trace elements may present a radiological hazard from a breached repository, even though they contain only a small fraction of the activity leaving the repository; therefore, detailed characteristics of nuclide migration need to be considered in the design of a nuclear waste repository.
Radiation conductance of apodized ID transducers in wedges (1977)

The radiation conductance of an apodized ID transducer for acoustic waves in wedges is derived from normal-mode theory. Using the analytical expressions for the field distribution developed in an earlier paper, the radiation conductance is calculated for an ID transducer on a 40° LiNbO3 wedge. The calculated values are in good agreement with published experimental results.