gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Protease Activated Receptor Signaling Is Required for African Trypanosome Traversal of Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells (2009)

Together, the data support a role, in part, for GPCRs as molecular targets for parasite proteases that lead to the activation of Galpha(q)-mediated calcium signaling. The consequence of these events is predicted to be increased permeability of the BBB to parasite transmigration and the initiation of neuroinflammation, events precursory to CNS disease.
NUCLEAR HYPERFINE STRUCTURE IN $\tilde{A} \leftarrow \bar{X}$ TRANSITIONS OF Cd-R (R=H,$CH_{3}$) (1993)

Jet cooled, high resolution ($< 140$ MHz) spectra have been recorded for $\\bar{A} ^{2}E_{1/2} \\leftarrow \\bar{X} ^{2}A_{1}$ transition of $CdCH_{3}$ and for both spin-orbit components of the $A ^{2}\\Pi \\leftarrow X\\,^{2}\\Sigma^{+}$ transition of CdH. Hyperfine structure due to $^{111}Cd$ and $^{113}Cd$, both with $1 = 1/2$, is observed in both species. Additionally, CdH reveals hydrogen hyperfine splitting. The spectra from both species have been fit to a model that includes Fermi contact, electronic-nuclear dipolar and nuclear spinelectronic orbit interactions. The fitted parameters are compared to previous matrix ESR $studies^{1}$ of X CdH and provide further support for the $\\tilde{A} \\leftarrow \\bar{X}$ transition being principally metal centered $(Cd 5p_{x,y} \\leftarrow 5s)$ in both of these species.
Frequency and degree of aneuploidy in benign and malignant thyroid neoplasms (1990)

The frequency and degree of aneuploidy in 44 benign and 124 malignant thyroid neoplasms were analyzed by DNA flow cytometry. Single aneuploid cell populations were found in 72% of the undifferentiated carcinomas, 64% of the follicular carcinomas, 24% of the papillary carcinomas and in 24% of the follicular adenomas. Multiple aneuploid cell populations were detected in 4% of the papillary and in 36% of the follicular carcinomas but not in undifferentiated carcinomas. A low degree of aneuploidy was found in well differentiated papillary carcinomas (mean DNA index of aneuploid populations: DI = 1.17; SD +/- 0.09). Significantly higher values were found for aneuploid moderately differentiated papillary carcinomas (DI = 1.46; SD +/- 0.29), well and moderately differentiated follicular carcinomas (DI = 1.61; SD +/- 0.33 and DI = 1.60; SD +/- 0.30, respectively) and undifferentiated carcinomas (DI = 1.72; SD +/- 0.19). High DNA indices were also found in several follicular adenomas (DI = 1.49; SD +/- 0.22). Comparison of the 10-year survival rates of patients with moderately versus well differentiated papillary carcinoma (79 vs. 98 months, respectively) indicates that loss of differentiation and progression of aneuploidy in this tumour type is associated with more aggressive clinical behaviour. Similarly, the high frequency and degree of aneuploidy in undifferentiated carcinomas is in agreement with the very poor survival rate (0% at 10 years) in this group of patients. However, the occurrence of highly aneuploid adenomas and (near)-diploid undifferentiated carcinomas does not point to a direct causal relationship between DNA-ploidy changes and clinical behaviour of these thyroid tumours.
Construction of Recombinant Attenuated <i>Salmonella enterica</i> Serovar Typhimurium Vaccine Vector Strains for Safety in Newborn and Infant Mice (2010)

Recombinant bacterial vaccines must be safe, efficacious, and well tolerated, especially when administered to newborns and infants to prevent diseases of early childhood. Many means of attenuation have been shown to render vaccine strains susceptible to host defenses or unable to colonize lymphoid tissue effectively, thus decreasing their immunogenicity. We have constructed recombinant attenuated Salmonella vaccine strains that display high levels of attenuation while retaining the ability to induce high levels of immunogenicity and are well tolerated in high doses when administered to infant mice as young as 24 h old. The strains contain three means of regulated delayed attenuation, as well as a constellation of additional mutations that aid in enhancing safety, regulate antigen expression, and reduce disease symptoms commonly associated with Salmonella infection. The vaccine strains are well tolerated when orally administered to infant mice 24 h old at doses as high as 3.5 x 10(8) CFU.
Capacitation state‐dependent changes in adenosine receptors and their regulation of adenylyl cyclase/cAMP (2002)

This study was designed to localize adenosine receptors and to provide evidence that specific receptors are active only in either uncapacitated or capacitated mouse spermatozoa, where they play a role in regulating cAMP production. Using specific antibodies, stimulatory A(2A) receptors were localized primarily on the acrosomal cap region and the flagellar principal piece. Interestingly, the staining was much more pronounced in uncapacitated than in capacitated spermatozoa, suggesting capacitation-dependent changes in epitope accessibility. A(1) receptors showed a very similar distribution, but the staining was markedly greater in capacitated than in uncapacitated cells. After addition of purified decapacitation factor (DF) to capacitated cells, strong staining for A(2A) was regained, suggesting reversibility in epitope accessibility. Chlortetracycline analysis revealed that an agonist specific for A(2A) receptors had no detectable effect on capacitated cells, but after DF-induced decapacitation, the agonist then stimulated capacitation. That agonist also significantly stimulated cAMP production in uncapacitated cells, had no effect on capacitated cells, but regained the ability to stimulate cAMP in the latter following DF treatment. In contrast, an A(1) agonist inhibited cAMP in capacitated cells. These results indicate that specific adenosine receptors function in a reversible manner in one or other capacitation state, resulting in regulation of cAMP.
Structures and Superconducting Properties of Y-Ba-Cu-O Sputtered Films (1987)

Y-Ba-Cu-O thin films were prepared by an RF magnetron sputtering technique. When annealed at temperatures between 920°C and 1000°C the crystal structures of these films are orthorhombic, while when annealed at 1010°C the structures are tetragonal. Superconductivity can be observed for the orthorhombic films. Their critical temperature ( T c ) of superconducting becomes higher as the a -axis becomes shorter, and is independent of the b -axis value.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselective Sulfoxidation by H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> or HNO<sub>3</sub> Using a Phosphate Impregnated Titania Catalyst. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Effect of delay-spread and fading on the performance of an adaptive dual-antenna handset (1999)

This paper investigates the relation between bandwidth and the delay-spread in order to assess the performance of an adaptive dual-antenna handset. In order to do this; a relation between the measured delay-spread using narrowband pulses and the radio-channel delay-spread based on wideband pulses is presented. Delay-spread values are presented that have been measured with different bandwidths using a dedicated indoor setup. These values are corrected for the effect of the bandwidth of the pulses to obtain the delay-spread of the radio-channel. Next a dual-antenna equal-gain diversity receiver is introduced. Its performance to reduce delay-spread is analysed for two simple algorithms; one that maximises signal-strength and one that minimises delay-spread. It turns out that antenna diversity can be an effective countermeasure to reduce delay-spread. Especially the delay-spread in narrowband communication links is significantly reduced by using diversity.
The IMPACT Study (Influence of Sensor-Equipped Microcatheters on Coronary Hemodynamics and the Accuracy of Physiological Indices of Functional Stenosis Severity) (2016)

Introduction of the Navvus microcatheter leads to clinically relevant stenosis severity overestimation in intermediate stenosis.
nsPEF-induced effects on cell membranes: use of electrophysical model to optimize experimental design (2013)

A numerical model, usually employed to analyze the electroporation phenomenon in eukaryotic cells exposed to high voltage electric pulses with duration in the ms to μs time scale, is extended to investigate the electroporation onset and dynamics induced by nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEFs). The model allows to track the primary events and dynamics of the electroporation process on a time scale where available experimental methods do not provide reliable information. In particular the model, solved in the time domain, provides the spatial and temporal distribution of the transmembrane voltage and pore density of fixed radii around the plasma membrane. Moreover, it allows to optimize the experimental design of biological investigations in the framework of the mechanistic understanding of nsPEF. The obtained simulation results are correlated to biological observations of plasma membrane permeabilization in human lymphoblastoid Jurkat T-cells exposed to nsPEFs with variable pulse amplitude, as assessed by YO-PRO1 dye uptake.
Measurement of Metabolic Responses to an Orbital-Extravehicular Work-Simulation Exercise (1988)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A new system has been designed to simulate orbital-extravehicular (EVA) work to provide for real-time measurement of physiological parameters. Such a system described here incorporates an experimental protocol, exercising subject, controlled-atmosphere chamber, EVA-work simulation exercise device, medical instrumentation and a data acquisition system. Applications of the neutral-buoyancy method and other laboratory-simulation methods are described. This information is presented to facilitate the understanding of this exercise device as a possible additional orbital-EVA work-simulation tool.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Important engineering issues associated with the design of the proposed system are discussed. They are: biomechanical influences on the exercise device design, chamber volume and instrument sensitivity in relation to measurement system response time, exercise device counterbalancing with respect to the extravehicular mobility unit (EMU) mass inertia, and incorporation of suit joint-flexure energy cost. This simulation system may be ideal for preflight astronaut conditioning as well as physiological studies such as nutritional assessments, thermoregulation experiments, work efficiency investigations, fatigue and endurance research, etc.</div>
RHEOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS OF TENSION IN LIQUIDS (2004)

This research investigates effects of tensile stresses in liquids. Areas of application include bearing lubrication and polymer processing, in which liquids may be subjected to hydrostatic tension or large shear stresses.\n\tA primary thrust of this research is the development of a criterion for liquid failure, or cavitation, based upon the general state of stress in the liquid. A variable pressure, rotating inner cylinder, Couette viscometer has been designed and used to test a hypothesized cavitation criterion. The criterion, that cavitation will occur when a principal normal stress in a liquid becomes more tensile than some critical stress, is supported by the results of experiments with the viscometer for a Newtonian liquid. Based upon experimental observation of cavitation, a model for cavitation inception from crevice stabilized gas nuclei, and gaseous, as opposed to vaporous, cavitation is hypothesized.\n\tThe cavitation inception model is investigated through numerical simulation, primarily using the boundary element method. Only Newtonian liquids are modeled, and, for simulation purposes, the model is reduced to two dimensions and the limit of negligible inertia is considered. The model includes contact line dynamics. Mass transport of dissolved gas through the liquid and in or out of the gas nucleus is considered. The numerical simulations provide important information about the probable nature of cavitation nucleation sites as well as conditions for cavitation inception.\n\tThe cavitation criterion predicts cavitation in simple shear, which has implications for rheological measurements. It can cause apparent shear thinning and thixotropy. Additionally, there is evidence suggesting a possible link between shear cavitation and extrusion defects such as sharkskin. A variable pressure capillary tube viscometer was designed and constructed to investigate a hypothesized relationship between shear cavitation and extrusion defects. Results indicate that despite the occasional coincidence of occurrence of cavitation and sharkskin defects, cavitation cannot explain the onset of extrusion defects. \n\tIf nuclei are removed, then liquids can withstand a negative hydrostatic pressure. A falling body viscometer has been constructed and used to investigate the effect of negative pressures on viscosity. It is found that current pressure viscosity models can be accurately extrapolated to experimentally achievable negative pressures.
Optimization of Citric Acid Production from a New Strain and Mutant of<i>Aspergillus niger</i>Using Solid State Fermentation (2007)

A new strain of Aspergillus niger isolated from soil and its mutant were used for citric acid production from carob under solid-state fermentation conditions. The parental strain produced 30 g/kg citric acid, while the mutant G4, selected after four rounds of gamma ray irradiation, produced 60 g/kg. Maximum citric acid production was obtained after 7 days of incubation, as the acid production was 34 and 64 g/kg for parental and mutant strains, respectively. The addition of 2% methanol increased citric acid production from the parental strain to 42 and the mutant G4 to 65 g/kg. Trace elements, namely Cu, Fe, and Zn, promoted the production of citric acid as the acid production from the parental strain increased to 46 g/kg and for mutant G4 increased to 73 g/kg after their addition. The optimum spore inoculum concentration for acid production was 107 ml−1, and the optimum pH was 5 for both parental and mutant strains.
Osteoprotegerin A Physiological and Pharmacological Inhibitor of Bone Resorption. (2001)

OPG is a new member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family which plays a key role in the physiological regulation of osteoclastic bone resorption. The protein, which is produced by osteoblasts and marrow stromal cells, lacks a transmembrane domain and acts as a secreted decoy receptor which has no direct signaling capacity. OPG acts by binding to its natural ligand OPGL, which is also known as RANKL (receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand). This binding prevents OPGL from activating its cognate receptor RANK, which is the osteoclast receptor vital for osteoclast differentiation, activation and survival. Overexpression of OPG in transgenic mice leads to profound osteopetrosis secondary to a near total lack of osteoclasts. Conversely, ablation of the OPG gene causes severe osteoporosis in mice. Ablation of OPGL or RANK also produces profound osteopetrosis, indicating the important physiological role of these proteins in regulating bone resorption. The secretion of OPG and OPGL from osteoblasts and stromal cells is regulated by numerous hormones and cytokines, often in a reciprocal manner. The relative levels of OPG and OPGL production are thought to ultimately dictate the extent of bone resorption. Excess OPGL increases bone resorption, whereas excess OPG inhibits resorption. Recombinant OPG blocks the effects of virtually all factors which stimulate osteoclasts, in vitro and in vivo. OPG also inhibits bone resorption in a variety of animal disease models, including ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis, humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy, and experimental bone metastasis. OPG might represent an effective therapeutic option for diseases associated with excessive osteoclast activity.
Stiff man–like syndrome and generalized myokymia in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (2006)

We describe the novel association of spinocerebellar ataxia type 3/Machado-Joseph disease (SCA3/MJD) phenotype combining classical clinical presentation and semeiology mimicking stiff man syndrome (SMS). The studied pedigree comprises seven affected members in three generations. Their clinical picture consisted of cerebellar ataxia, pyramidal signs, facial myokymia, and ophthalmoplegia. The proband was a 39-year-old man in whom such a clinical picture, 5 years after onset at age 29, evolved to severe SMS and widespread myokymia. Electrophysiological study revealed continuous muscle activity in proximal limb muscles. Molecular study demonstrated the MJD gene mutation in all four examined patients with 73 to 76 CAG repeats in the expanded allele. We conclude that an excess of motor unit activity including stiff man-like syndrome and widespread myokymia may be an integral part of the SCA3 clinical spectrum.
Laser-transected microtubules exhibit individuality of regrowth, however most free new ends of the microtubules are stable. (1988)

To study the possible mechanism of microtubule turnover in interphase cells, we have used the 266-nm wavelength of a short-pulsed Nd/YAG laser to transect microtubules in situ in PtK2 cells at predefined regions. The regrowth and shrinkage of the transected microtubules have been examined by staining the treated cells with antitubulin mAb at various time points after laser irradiation. The results demonstrate that microtubules grow back into the transected zones individually; neither simultaneous growth nor shrinkage of all microtubules has been observed. The half-time of replacement of laser-dissociated microtubules is observed to be approximately 10 min. On the other hand, exposure of the core of the microtubule, which is expected to consist almost completely of GDP-tubulin, by transecting the internal regions of the microtubule does not render the remaining polymer catastrophically disassembled, and most transected microtubules with free minus ends do not quickly disappear. Taken together, these results suggest that most microtubules in cultured interphase cells exhibit some properties of dynamic instability (individual regrowth or shrinkage); however, other factors in addition to the hydrolysis of GTP-tubulin need to be involved in modulating the dynamics and the stability of these cytoplasmic microtubules.
0893. High respiratory rate favors pulmonary edema in an experimental model of acute lung injury (2014)

The ARDS-net protocol [1], recommends that respiratory rate (RR) could be increased at hypercapnia in order to normalize PaCO2. However, i n heterogeneously inflated lungs, e.g., ARDS, at every breath the local alveolar distending forces will be amplified up to 4.5 times in the interphase between collapsed and aerated areas [2]. Thus, a higher RR could exaggerate the cyclic deformations of lung parenchyma and might therefore induce further lung injury. Indeed, animal studies using simultaneous modifications of flow and tidal volume have indicated that low respiratory rates are lung protective [3]. We therefore hypothesized that an isolated increase of RR would augment the development of ventilator induced lung injury (VILI).
Fixed Bin Population Data for the VNTR Loci D1S7, D2S44, D4S139, D5S110, D10S28, and D14S13 in a Population Sample from Rio De Janeiro, Brazil (1997)

Fixed bin frequencies for the VNTR loci D1S7, D2S44, D4S139, D5S110, D10S28, and D14S13 were determined in a Rio de Janeiro sample population. The data were generated by RFLP analysis of HaeIII-digested genomic DNA and chemiluminescent detection. The six VNTR loci meet Hardy-Weinberg expectations, and there is no evidence for association of alleles between the VNTR loci. The frequency data can be used in forensic analyses and paternity tests to estimate the frequency of a DNA profile in the general Brazilian population.
Nomenclature and classification of the proteins homologous with the cysteine-proteinase inhibitor chicken cystatin (1986)

Correspondence| May 15 1986 Nomenclature and classification of the proteins homologous with the cysteine-proteinase inhibitor chicken cystatin A J Barrett; A J Barrett Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar H Fritz; H Fritz Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar A Grubb; A Grubb Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar S Isemura; S Isemura Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar M Järvinen; M Järvinen Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar N Katunuma; N Katunuma Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar W Machleidt; W Machleidt Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar W Müller-Esterl; W Müller-Esterl Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar M Sasaki; M Sasaki Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar V Turk V Turk Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1986) 236 (1): 312. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj2360312 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation A J Barrett, H Fritz, A Grubb, S Isemura, M Järvinen, N Katunuma, W Machleidt, W Müller-Esterl, M Sasaki, V Turk; Nomenclature and classification of the proteins homologous with the cysteine-proteinase inhibitor chicken cystatin. Biochem J 15 May 1986; 236 (1): 312. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj2360312 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1986 London: The Biochemical Society1986 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Unit‐Cell‐Level Assembly of Metastable Transition‐Metal Oxides by Pulsed‐Laser Deposition (2007)

Schicht für Schicht: Die sequenzielle Abscheidung von CaO-Steinsalz- und CaMnO3-Perowskit-Schichten auf ein SrTiO3-Substrat mit Laserpulsen führt zum Wachstum der metastabilen Glieder der Ruddlesden-Popper-Reihe Can+1MnnO3n+1 (mit n=4, 5 und 6; siehe Hochauflösungs-TEM-Bild von Ca5Mn4O13). Der Prozess wird mithilfe der Beugung hochenergetischer Elektronen unter Reflexion (RHEED) verfolgt. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2007/z700119_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.