gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
HETEROTOPIC BONE IN A PIGMENTED NEVUS (1950)

Osteoma cutis, either primary or secondary, occurs very rarely, as is evidenced by the fact that Hopkins 1 in reviewing the literature in 1928 could find only five cases. During the next 20 years Leider 2 could uncover only seven additional cases. Such calcifications have reportedly occurred in ulcers, cysts, scars, lupus erythematosus, acne vulgaris and scleroderma and finally as embryonic cell rests. The only case previously recorded in which true bone was found in a pigmented nevus was that of Heidingsfeld. 3 The case herein described bears some resemblance to that one. REPORT OF A CASE A 42 year old white woman was referred for treatment of a pigmented lesion on the right cheek which had been present since childhood. This had increased considerably in size during the preceding months and had become slightly tender. One inch (2.5 cm.) above and lateral to the right angle of
Characterization of a Human Angiotensinogen Cleaved in Its Reactive Center Loop by a Proteolytic Activity from Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells (2000)

Angiotensinogen, the renin (E.C. 3.4.23.15) substrate, belongs to the serpins superfamily and has been classified as a noninhibitory serpin. Using mass spectroscopy, angiotensinogen purified from Chinese hamster ovary cell supernatant shows a broad spectrum. The absence of protease inhibitors throughout the purification leads to an angiotensinogen cleaved within the reactive center loop. This cleavage does not affect the Ang I generation because kinetic parameters are similar to the values of the full-length angiotensinogen. Although cleavage is complete, the cleaved angiotensinogen migrates after deglycosylation on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis as a doublet differing by 4 kDa. To test whether the circulating angiotensinogen is cleaved in the reactive center loop, it was purified from a pool of human plasma and was shown to be uncleaved. Its migration was obviously slower than of cleaved angiotensinogen but also consisted of two bands pointing to a so far unexplained residual heterogeneity. We then compared the heat-induced polymerization of full-length- and reactive center loop-cleaved angiotensinogens. Both monomers were able to aggregate, revealing a particular behavior of angiotensinogen distinct from that of reactive center loop-cleaved serpins. Lacking the three-dimensional structure of angiotensinogen, we propose and discuss a structural model of the serpin fold within the renin substrate.
Differential gamma -ray diffractometry. A new technique in the study of twinned crystals behaviour. Some examples on KH<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>samples (1980)

Two possibilities of using differential gamma -ray diffractometry to investigate twinned crystals are described. The analysis of the rocking curves traced from a KH2PO4 sample in the low-temperature phase allows detection of two deformation processes in its domain structure. Information on the non-linear piezoelectric response of such a ferroelectric crystal is obtained.
Status of Superconducting Cable Demonstration Project in Japan (2010)

The HTS cable demonstration project, called the Yokohama Project, supported by Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry and the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, was initiated in Japan in 2007. The aim of this project is to operate a 66 kV, 200 MVA high-temperature superconducting (HTS) cable in a network of the Tokyo Electric Power Company to demonstrate cable reliability and stable operation. Total project period was changed from 5 years to 6 years. Chosen as the demonstration site was the Asahi substation in Yokohama. Based on the analysis of the network conditions of the demonstration site, specifications of the HTS cable system were determined. Element technologies were developed and various preliminary tests using short core samples were conducted to confirm the HTS cable design. A 30-meter HTS cable system was manufactured and tested prior to initial demonstration tests. Long-term demonstration tests of the HTS cable system in an actual grid at the Asahi substation are scheduled to be started in 2011.
CHARACTERIZATION OF MULTI-CHARGE MASS SPECTRA FOR PEPTIDE SEQUENCING (2005)

Sequencing of peptide sequences using tandem mass spectrometry data is an important and challenging problem in proteomics. In this paper, we address the problem of peptide sequencing for multi-charge spectra. Most peptide sequencing algorithms currently handle spectra of charge 1 or 2 and have not been designed to handle higher-charge spectra. We give a characterization of multicharge spectra by generalizing existing models. Using these new models, we have analyzed spectra with charges 1-5 from the GPM [8] datasets. Our analysis shows that higher charge peaks are present and they contribute significantly to prediction of the complete peptide. They also help to explain why existing algorithms do not perform well on multi-charge spectra. We also propose a new de novo algorithm for dealing with multi-charge spectra based on the new models. Experimental results show that it performs well on all spectra, especially so for multi-charge spectra. 1
Organ-targeted mutagenicity of nitrofurantoin in Big Blue transgenic mice (2006)

Nitrofurans are widely used in human medicine, as nitrofurantoin and nifuroxazide, still prescribed for long-term antimicrobial prophylaxis of urinary tract and gastrointestinal infection in humans respectively. Recent experiments in mammals, as well as reports mentioning toxic effects in humans associated with a long-term use, specially in the case of nitrofurantoin, raised the need for reevaluating their genotoxicity. The objective of this study was to determine whether these two compounds induce a mutagenic effect in the Big Blue transgenic mouse mutation assay. Mice were orally treated either with nitrofurantoin or nifuroxazide for five consecutive days and sacrificed 3 weeks later. In order to optimize the genotoxic response, the doses used for each compound were 25-fold higher as the posology in humans. They corresponded to 50% of the highest doses tolerated by mice. The mutant frequency was determined from kidney, lung, bladder, caecum, colon, small intestine, spleen and stomach. A weak mutagenic response of nitrofurantoin-treated mice specifically in the kidney was observed. As in the case of other nitrofuran compounds, the mutation spectra determined from treated samples exhibited slightly more GC-->TA transversions as compared with untreated conditions. These data are relevant to the targeted action of nitrofurantoin as a urinary antimicrobial agent. No significant increase of mutants was detected in the case of nifuroxazide-treated mice whatever the organs analysed.
Functional selectivity at the serotonin 2A receptor: differential signaling by serotonin and dimethylated tryptamines (2010)

Serotonin and the hallucinogenic metabolites of tryptamines, dimethylated tryptamines, activate the serotonin 2A receptor (5‐HT2AR), which is implicated in numerous mental health disorders. We have previously demonstrated that the 5‐HT2AR is differentially regulated by βarrestin2 (βarr2) depending upon the agonist; here we utilized βarr2 knockout mice to compare signaling profiles in vivo, by assessing the head twitch response (which serves as a behavioral model for selective 5‐HT2AR activation), and in vitro, by assessing kinase activation. We demonstrate that serotonin leads to 5‐HT2AR‐mediated phosphorylation of the serine/threonine kinase AKT in the mouse frontal cortex and in primary neuronal cultures and that the head twitch response occurs in a βarr2 and AKT dependent manner. In contrast, a metabolism‐resistant dimethylated tryptamine, 5‐MeO‐DMT, does not induce phosphorylation of AKT in frontal cortex or in cortical neurons and induces the head twitch response regardless of βarr2 or inhibition of AKT expression. We also show that in the absence of βarr2, the head twitch response is enhanced in response to 5‐MeO‐DMT, suggesting that while βarr2 mediates serotonin signaling at the 5‐HT2AR, it dampens dimethylated tryptamine signaling at this receptor. Funding: R01 DA025158 , NIDA.
Properties of Factor VIII in the recombinant Factor VIII Concentrates (BAY w 6240) (1990)

Properties of factor VIII (FVIII) in recombinant FVIII concentrates (rFVIII, BAY w 6240) were investigated using 6 kinds of monoclonal antibodies to FVIII.The FVIII: C levels obtained by the one-stage method using severe hemophilia A plasma as a substrate were identical with those indicated on the label (100u/ml). The FVIII: C levels obtained by the chromogenic method were relatively higher than those by the one-stage method.The FVIII: Ag levels assayed by polyclonal ELISA agreed with those by NMC-VIII/1 (recognizes the 80KDa fragment of L-chain) or NMC-VIII/5 (the 70KDa of L-chain) monoclonal ELISA, whereas the FVIII: Ag levels by C 5 (the 54KDa of H-chain) monoclonal ELISA were 2.5-3.0 times higher than those by other monoclonal ELISAs. The ratio between FVIII: Ag and FVIII: C was 1.4. It was considered that FVIII in the recombinant concentrates lost its activity less than FVIII in the heat-treated concentrates commercially available.No von Willebrand factor was detectable by the sandwich ELISA system. SDS-PAGE pattern showed almost no contamination except albumin as a stabilizer.Immunoblot analysis revealed that FVIII in recombinant concentrates could react not only with monoclonal antibodies to L-chain and H-chain, but also with monoclonal antibodies to middle portion of FVIII molecule.These results suggest that the fundamental structure of FVIII molecule for coagulant activity is preserved in the rFVIII concentrates, and that it is expected to be useful for the treatment of hemophiliacs.
Eigenvalue extraction for large finite element models using a new conjugate gradient algorithm (1996)

A new conjugate gradient algorithm is presented for extracting eigenvalues from large systems of equations encountered in finite element analysis. The new algorithm involves applying the conjugate gradient method (CGM) to a static problem to generate an equivalent tridiagonal matrix used for eigenvalue computation. The eigenvalues of the tridiagonal matrix are then extracted using a QR factorization. The similarity of the new CGM with the Lanczos method is discussed regarding the need for matrix inversion and reorthogonalization. Several examples using the new method are presented to illustrate its performance.
Real-Time Automatic License Plate Recognition through Deep Multi-Task Networks (2018)

With the increasing number of cameras available in the cities, video traffic analysis can provide useful insights for the transportation segment. One of such analysis is the Automatic License Plate Recognition (ALPR). Previous approaches divided this task into several cascaded subtasks, i.e., vehicle location, license plate detection, character segmentation and optical character recognition. However, since each task has its own accuracy, the error propagation between each subtask is detrimental to the final accuracy. Therefore, focusing on the reduction of error propagation, we propose a technique that is able to perform ALPR using only two deep networks, the first performs license plate detection (LPD) and the second performs license plate recognition (LPR). The latter does not execute explicit character segmentation, which reduces significantly the error propagation. As these deep networks need a large number of samples to converge, we develop new data augmentation techniques that allow them to reach their full potential as well as a new dataset to train and evaluate ALPR approaches. According to experimental results, our approach is able to achieve state-of-the-art results in the SSIG-SegPlate dataset, reaching improvements up to 1.4 percentage point when compared to the best baseline. Furthermore, the approach is also able to perform in real time even in scenarios where many plates are present at the same frame, reaching significantly higher frame rates when compared with previously proposed approaches.
Robust multiple watermarking in color images with correlation coefficient detector (2008)

In this paper, we propose a robust multiple digital watermarking technique for the copyright protection of digital color images. The watermark is a binary image, which is divided into four parts, each encrypted using a secret key and embedded using the spatial domain into four different regions of size 128×128 of the blue component of the color image. Watermark extraction is based on the comparisons between the original intensity pixel values and the corresponding watermarked intensity pixel values in blocks of size 8x8. The watermark extracted bits are determined using the probabilities of detecting bit '1' or bit '0'. The watermark can be extracted in sixteen parts but only four of these are selected by a correlation coefficient detector and used to reconstruct the extracted watermark. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme successfully makes the watermark perceptually invisible and robust for a wide range of attacks, including JPEG loss compression, median filtering, low pass filtering, rotation, rotation-scaling, rotation-crop, image cropping, image scaling and self similarity attacks.
FABRICATION OF HEAT EXCHANGERS AND RADIATORS FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE REACTOR APPLICATIONS. Period Covered: February 1955-April 1955 (1956)

Two 500-kw fused-fluoride-to-NaK heat exchangers, two 500-kw NaK-to-air radiators, and a 20-tube highvelocity heat exchanger were fabricated for a heatexchanger development program. A construction procedure, utilizing both inert-arc-welding and hightemperature dry-hydrogen brazing, was used successfully on all of the units. The tube-to-header joints were welded and back-brazed; the manifold joints were inertarc-welded with full penetration; and the tube-to-fin joints were brazed. A detailed description of the fabrication of each type of component is discussed and a cost analysis of the 500-kw units is presented. (auth)
PREDICTION OF A GAS-PARTICLE TURBULENT JET WITH THE FLUCTUATION-SPECTRUM-RANDOM-TRAJECTORY MODEL (1995)

A numerical treatment for determining the particle velocity and the trajectories in a two-phase flow is described herein and this new fluctuation-spectrum-random-trajectory (FSRT) model is proposed to account for the turbulent diffusion of particles. It is predicted for the flow of a turbulent axisymmetric gaseous jet laden with spherical solid particles of nonuniform size. The particle velocity and the concentration field are obtained by the revised volume average method. The predictions are compared with experiment.
Determination of aromatase cytochrome P450 messenger ribonucleic acid in human breast tissue by competitive polymerase chain reaction amplification. (1992)

Local production of estrogen in breast tissue may influence the growth of breast cancers. Peripheral conversion of C19 steroids to estrogens is catalyzed by the aromatase enzyme complex which is comprised of a specific form of cytochrome P450, aromatase cytochrome P450 (P450AROM) and the flavoprotein, NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase. To evaluate P450AROM mRNA levels in breast tissue, a specific competitive polymerase chain reaction amplification procedure was devised. In this method, a rat P450AROM complementary RNA is coamplified as an internal standard in order to compare amplification reactions. The amplification products are recognized by hybridization with 32P-labeled oligonucleotides specific for each species. Densitometry is used to quantitate autoradiographs. Initial studies using RNA from whole breast tissue obtained from reduction mammoplasty revealed linearity of the relationship between the densitometer signal from the human amplification product and total RNA concentration. Breast tissue was then separated into a floating adipocyte fraction and a pelleted fraction containing the other cellular elements by collagenase digestion and centrifugation. Comparison of specific content of aromatase amplification product per unit weight of RNA extracted from adipocytes and pelleted cells revealed considerably higher levels in the RNA from the nonadipocyte fraction. Immunocytochemical characterization of this fraction revealed the presence of several cell types including macrophages, ductal epithelial cells, and endothelial cells, but primary cells of stromal origin.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydroxypinanone as Chiral Auxiliary in Michael Additions: An Inversion of Diastereoselectivity at Low Concentration of Enolate, a Substrate‐ Directed Approach. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
PM448 Ventricular non-compaction is prevalent in patients with single ventricle physiology but does not alter ventricular function (2014)

Primary cardiac tumors in infants and children are extremely rare; hence, there is very little literature available, and most knowledge is based on collections of case reports. This report is a comprehensive review of our 26-year experience with primary cardiac tumors in children with emphasis on surgical indications, strategies, and long-term outcome.Between 1986 and 2012, 47 children (mean age 5.9 ± 2.4 months; range, 1 day to 17 years) underwent either subtotal or total resection of cardiac tumors (rhabdomyoma, 13; fibroma, 12; teratoma, 9; myxoma, 8; hemangioma, 2; rhabdomyosarcoma, 1; non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, 1; lymphangioma, 1). The majority were diagnosed by echocardiography (n = 33). Clinical patterns were varied: 40 had an atypical heart murmur and 6 were asymptomatic. Outflow tract obstruction of more than 30 mm Hg was present in 11 children. Three patients had abnormal coronary arteries secondary to pressure from tumor bulk. Indications of resection were hemodynamic/respiratory compromise, severe arrhythmia, and a significant embolization risk. Strategy of resection varied according to location and hemodynamic status without damage to adjacent structures.Morbidity included bleeding in a patient and a transient low output state in another. A 5-month-old infant with left ventricular fibroma underwent left ventricular assist device implantation secondary to failure from weaning off cardiopulmonary bypass, and she eventually underwent heart transplantation 17 days later. Early mortality (n = 2, 4.2%) included a 5-month-old infant who underwent complete resection of rhabdomyoma located in the left ventricle, with concomitant pulmonary valve replacement; unfortunately, he underwent left ventricular assist device implantation for postoperative heart failure and died on the 13th postoperative day. An 8-month-old child with 3 cm × 4 cm fibroma obstructing the right ventricular outflow tract compressing the right coronary artery died of severe right-side heart failure on the 13th postoperative day. One late death (2.1%) occurred; a 16-year-old with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma died 7 months after the surgery. Mean duration of follow-up is 11.6 ± 3.5 years. All survivors (93.4%) are well, free of tumor-related symptoms and tumor recurrence/progression, even when resection was incomplete.This study illustrates that although primary cardiac tumors in infants and children have a wide and unusual spectrum of clinical presentation, an individualized approach to tumor resection allows restoration of an adequate hemodynamic function and satisfactory long-term, tumor-free outcome.
Quantification of Protein Metabolism <i>in Vivo</i> for Skin, Wound, and Muscle in Severe Burn Patients (2006)

This novel methodology enables in vivo quantification of the integrated response of muscle, wound, and skin protein/amino acid metabolism and confirms the long-held theory of a net catabolism of muscle and a net anabolism of wound protein in patients after injury. This methodology can be used to assess the metabolic impact of such measures as nutrition, pharmacologic agents, and surgical procedures.
Successful Treatment of Disseminated Central Nervous Aspergillosis in a Patient with Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia (1997)

Invasive opportunistic mycoses are common complications in patients suffering from hematological disorders. Brain abscesses in the immunocompromised host are known to be most frequently caused by fungi of the Aspergillus species and are often associated with concomitant pulmonary disease. As the penetration of the currently available antifungal agents into the brain tissue is limited, only very few patients have been described to survive this life-threatening condition. We report the case of a 62 year old female patient who presented with multiple aspergillus brain abscesses during prolonged neutropenia following induction chemotherapy for acute myeloblastic leukemia and was successfully treated with high dose (8 mg/kg/day) liposomal amphotericin B.
Beryllium ion implantation in GaAsSb epilayers on InP (1996)

Beryllium ion implantation was used to form high acceptor concentrations in GaAs1−xSbx (0.47≤x≤0.49) epilayers on semi-insulating InP substrates. Two implant doses were tested: Q0=5×1014 cm−2 and Q0=1×1015 cm−2 at an implant energy of E=50 keV. Electrochemical profiling and secondary-ion-mass spectrometry (SIMS) results confirm acceptor concentrations of NA≥1×1019 cm−3 and NA≥2×1019 cm−3 within 1000 Å of the GaAs1−xSbx surface for the lower and higher implant dose, respectively. These results provide a p+ surface layer for low-resistance ohmic contact to GaAsSb-based devices. Optical microscopy and SIMS demonstrate rapid thermal anneal (RTA) temperature limits of T=650 °C for Q0=5×1014 cm−2 and T=600 °C for Q0=1 ×1015 cm−2. The temperature limitation is imposed by destabilization of the GaAs1−xSbx surface through Ga sputtering during implantation, and Ga and As outdiffusion during RTA.
Integration of short gold nanoparticles chain on SOI waveguide (2011)

In this letter, we demonstrate the integration of short metal nanoparticle chains (L \approx 700nm) supporting localized surface plasmons in Silicon On Insulator (SOI) waveguides at telecom wavelengths. Nanoparticles are deposited on the waveguide top and excited through the evanescent field of the TE waveguide modes. Finite difference time domain calculations and waveguide transmission measurements reveal that almost all the TE mode energy can be transferred to nanoparticle chains at resonance. It is also shown that the transmission level is very sensitive to the nanoparticle environment, thus opening the way towards ultra-compact sensors in guided optics on SOI.
The development of Bio-based Polymers for Notebook PC (2006)

We assessed the life cycle of personal computer (PC) housings made from plant resin and analyzed their environmental burden by considering carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and various inputs such as energy and resources during the life cycle. We compared the levels of CO2 emission from PC housings made from bio- and fossil-fuel-based polymers throughout their life cycles. There were differences in C02 emissions from the two materials during the production and incineration. The overall results showed that using the bio-based polymer provided an environmental advantage equal to a 14.8% decrease in CO2 emissions over the entire life cycle. In the future, PC housings discarded after use will be recycled into raw materials for new PC housing. Although some electrical power is required to recycle used housing into raw material, the CO2 emissions from the bio-based polymer's life cycle are 28.8% lower than those made from the fossil-fuel-based polymer because less virgin material is consumed.