gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Frequency Planning and Adjacent Channel Interference in a DSSS Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) (2006)

The new communications standard for wireless local networks is the IEEE 802.11 standard. 802.11b specifies that we use the ISM band at 2.4GHz. The ISM band at this frequency is 83MHz wide. For North America, under FCC regulations, the 83MHz of bandwidth is divided into 11 channels. Every channel has a frequency bandwidth of 22 MHz [1]. In North America, channels 1 through 11 are used and only Ch1, Ch6, and Ch11 physically do not have any overlapping frequency ranges. Therefore, it follows that frequency planning has been done using only these three channels. This greatly reduces the capacity and utilization of a given Wireless LAN. This paper will deal with and answer the question of how far attenuated the signal has to be so that it will not interfere with another adjacent or overlapping channel. The goal of the research was to generate a theoretical model of the 802.11 DS channelization (frequency reuse and interference profile) given that the 11 channels are arranged in a staggered overlapped fashion. The result of the research shows how a set of overlapping channels (1 through 6) can be positioned/attenuated in order to increase user capacity yet remain with minimal channel interference. In addition, the paper will provide sufficient evidence that will show that frequency planning can be done using four channels instead of three channels.
Studies on the Metal Complexes of Aminobenzoic Acids (1972)

An attempt was made to prepare Cu, Ni, Co (II), Mn (II), Zn, and Cd complexes of m-amino- and p-amino-benzoic acids, as well as these of ο-aminobenzoic acid for comparison, and elemental analysis, including metal elements by atomic absorption spectroscopy, infrared spectral analysis, DTA and TGA were carried out. These complexes have 2 : 1 ratio of meta1 to ligand and their -NH2 and -COOH groups are assumed to participate in the complex formation.
Diagnosis of metastatic neoplasms: a clinicopathologic and morphologic approach. (2010)

A systematic approach can frequently help to narrow down differential diagnoses for a patient to a few likely tumor sites of origin that can be confirmed or excluded with the use of selected immunohistochemistry and/or molecular tests. This approach involves the qualitative evaluation of the "pretest and posttest probabilities" of various diagnoses before the immunohistochemical and molecular tests are ordered. Pretest probabilities are qualitatively estimated for each individual by taking into consideration the patient's age, sex, clinical history, imaging findings, and location of the metastases. This estimate is further narrowed by qualitatively evaluating, through careful observation of a variety of gross pathology and histopathologic features, the posttest probabilities of the most likely tumor sites of origin. Multiple examples of the use of this systematic approach for the evaluation of metastatic lesions are discussed.
Electroabsorption effects in In<i>x</i>Ga1−<i>x</i>As/GaAs strained-layer superlattices (1990)

Electroabsorption of strained-layer Inx Ga1−x As/GaAs superlattice structures grown by molecular beam epitaxy on GaAs substrates was experimentally investigated. Its spectral characteristics were found to be similar to those of Franz–Keldysh electroabsorption of bulk semiconductor materials, and suggest that the widths of ground-state electron and hole minibands might be larger than the maximum tilt of the potential well caused by an applied voltage. We attribute the electroabsorption of such superlattices to photon-assisted tunneling between ground-state electron and heavy hole minibands.
Lifestyle Factors and Incident Mobility Limitation in Obese and Non‐obese Older Adults (2007)

These results underscore the importance of a healthy lifestyle for maintaining function among non-obese older adults. However, a healthy lifestyle cannot overcome the effect of obesity in obese older adults; this stresses the importance of preventing obesity to protect against mobility loss in older persons.
In vivo imaging visualizes discoid platelet aggregations without endothelium disruption and implicates contribution of inflammatory cytokine and integrin signaling (2011)

The mechanism by which thrombotic vessel occlusion occurs independently of plaque development or endothelial cell (EC) disruption remains unclear, largely because of an inability to visualize the formation of thrombus, especially at the single-platelet level in real time. Here we demonstrate that rapidly developing thrombi composed of discoid platelets can be induced in the mesenteric capillaries, arterioles, and large-sized arteries of living mice, enabling characterization of the kinetics of thrombosis initiation and the multicellular interrelationships during thrombus development. Platelet aggregation without EC disruption was triggered by reactive oxygen species (ROS) photochemically induced by moderate power laser irradiation. The inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1 could be key components of the EC response, acting through regulation of VWF mobilization to the cell surface. Thrombus formation was then initiated by the binding of platelet GPIbα to endothelial VWF in our model, and this effect was inhibited by the ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine. Actin linker talin-dependent activation of alphaIIb-beta3 integrin or Rac1 in platelets was required for late-phase thrombus stability. Our novel imaging technology illustrates the molecular mechanism underlying inflammation-based thrombus formation by discoid platelets on undisrupted ECs and suggests control of ROS could be a useful therapeutic target for the prevention of thrombotic diseases.
Changing the dose metric for inhalation toxicity studies: Short-term study in rats with engineered aerosolized amorphous silica nanoparticles (2009)

Inhalation toxicity and exposure assessment studies for nonfibrous particulates have traditionally been conducted using particle mass measurements as the preferred dose metric (i.e., mg or microg/m(3)). However, currently there is a debate regarding the appropriate dose metric for nanoparticle exposure assessment studies in the workplace. The objectives of this study were to characterize aerosol exposures and toxicity in rats of freshly generated amorphous silica (AS) nanoparticles using particle number dose metrics (3.7 x 10(7) or 1.8 x 10(8) particles/cm(3)) for 1- or 3-day exposures. In addition, the role of particle size (d(50) = 37 or 83 nm) on pulmonary toxicity and genotoxicity endpoints was assessed at several postexposure time points. A nanoparticle reactor capable of producing, de novo synthesized, aerosolized amorphous silica nanoparticles for inhalation toxicity studies was developed for this study. SiO(2) aerosol nanoparticle synthesis occurred via thermal decomposition of tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS). The reactor was designed to produce aerosolized nanoparticles at two different particle size ranges, namely d(50) = approximately 30 nm and d(50) = approximately 80 nm; at particle concentrations ranging from 10(7) to 10(8) particles/cm(3). AS particle aerosol concentrations were consistently generated by the reactor. One- or 3-day aerosol exposures produced no significant pulmonary inflammatory, genotoxic, or adverse lung histopathological effects in rats exposed to very high particle numbers corresponding to a range of mass concentrations (1.8 or 86 mg/m(3)). Although the present study was a short-term effort, the methodology described herein can be utilized for longer-term inhalation toxicity studies in rats such as 28-day or 90-day studies. The expansion of the concept to subchronic studies is practical, due, in part, to the consistency of the nanoparticle generation method.
HBOC-201 as an Alternative to Blood Transfusion: Efficacy and Safety Evaluation in a Multicenter Phase III Trial in Elective Orthopedic Surgery (2008)

HBOC-201 eliminated transfusion in the majority of subjects. The between arms (H vs. R) safety analysis was unfavorable and likely related to patient age, volume overload, and undertreatment and was isolated to patients that could not be managed by HBOC-201 alone. However, patients <80 years old with moderate clinical need may safely avoid transfusion when treated with up to 10 units of HBOC-201.
Quality, not Quantity: The Role of Natural Products and Chemical Proteomics in Modern Drug Discovery (2004)

Chemical genetics and reverse chemical genetics parallel classical genetics but target genes at the protein level and have proven useful in recent years for screening combinatorial libraries for compounds of biological interest. However, the performance of combinatorial chemistry in filling pharmaceutical pipelines has been lower than anticipated and the tide may be turning back to Nature in the search for new drug candidates. Even though diversity oriented synthesis is now producing molecules that are natural product-like in terms of size and complexity, these molecules have not evolved to interact with biomolecules. Natural products, on the other hand, have evolved to interact with biomolecules, which is why so many can be found in pharmacopoeias. However, the cellular targets and modes of action of these fascinating compounds are seldom known, hindering the drug development process. This review focuses on the emergence of chemical proteomics and reverse chemical proteomics as tools for the discovery of cellular receptors for natural products, thereby generating protein/ligand pairs that will prove useful in identifying new drug targets and new biologically active small molecule scaffolds. Such a system-wide approach to identifying new drugable targets and their small molecule ligands will help unblock the pharmaceutical product pipelines by speeding the process of target and lead identification.
ChemInform Abstract: PALLADIUMKATALYSIERTER ALLYLGRUPPEN‐AUSTAUSCH ZWISCHEN AETHERN ODER ESTERN UND CARBONSAEUREANHYDRIDEN (1973)

Abstract Die Reaktion der Allyläther bzw. ‐ester (I) mit den Anhydriden (II) in Gegenwart von Diacetato‐triphenylphosphin‐Pd(II) in Dimethylformamid bei 85°C liefert Gemische der Ester bzw. Anhydride (III) mit den isomeren Allylestern (IV) und (V).
An integrated C-Band SiGe variable gain amplifier and reflected type phase shifter for phased array T/R modules (2010)

A C-Band SiGe BiCMOS variable gain cascode amplifier (VGA) and reflection type phase shifter (RTPS) have been developed as a monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) with 45-dB gain control and 240° phase control with a SiGe varactor tuning range (Cmax/Cmin) of only 2.23. The proposed VGA combines the functionality of an amplifier and an attenuator. The RTPS uses a transformed single resonated varactor load and consumes zero DC power. The chip is 1.7 mm<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup>, operates with a low bias voltage, is designed for C-band phased array T/R modules, and is fabricated using a commercial 0.35 µm SiGe BiCMOS process.
Hexadecyloxypropyl-cidofovir, CMX001, prevents adenovirus-induced mortality in a permissive, immunosuppressed animal model (2008)

Adenoviruses (Ads) cause a wide array of end-organ and disseminated diseases in severely immunosuppressed patients. For example, approximately 20% of pediatric allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients develop disseminated Ad infection, and the disease proves fatal in as many as 50-80% of these patients. Ad infections are a serious problem for solid-organ transplant recipients and AIDS patients as well. Unfortunately, there are no antiviral drugs approved specifically to treat these infections. A suitable animal model that is permissive for Ad replication would help in the discovery process. Here we identify an animal model to study Ad pathogenesis and the efficacy of antiviral compounds. We show that human serotype 5 Ad (Ad5) causes severe systemic disease in immunosuppressed Syrian hamsters that is similar to that seen in immunocompromised patients. We also demonstrate that hexadecyloxypropyl-cidofovir (CMX001) rescues the hamsters from a lethal challenge with Ad5. The antiviral drug provided protection both prophylactically and when given up to 2 days after i.v. exposure to Ad5. CMX001 acts by reducing Ad replication in key target organs. Thus, the immunosuppressed Syrian hamster is a powerful model to evaluate anti-Ad drugs, and its use can facilitate the entry of drugs such as CMX001 into clinical trials.
Epidemic Myalgia (1938)

The following account of an outbreak of epidemic myalgia may be of some value, as it provides a possible differential diagnosis in cases of appendicitis, pleurisy, cholecystitis, and muscular rheumatism.
Intracranial Recordings of Movement-Related Potentials to Voluntary Saccades (1991)

Movement-related potentials evoked by voluntary and self-initiated horizontal saccades were recorded from subdural electrodes placed over the lateral (premotor and motor cortex) and the mesial (supplementary motor area) surfaces of the frontal lobe, in four patients with intractable focal seizures. An extremely localized bereitschaftspotential showing approximately the same latencies and amplitudes was simultaneously recorded from the frontal eye field and supplementary motor area (SMA). Our data suggest that both regions are equally active prior to saccades and do not support the view that the SMA acts as a supramotor cortex, being activated during the planning of the movement and the primary motor cortex only later on, close to the execution of the movement. In addition, we never observed the spike potential in our intracranial recordings, thus supporting the hypothesis of its extracerebral origin.
[Rapidly progressive T-cell angiocentric lymphoma with CD56+ phenotype involving bilateral orbits and skin in a patient with anti-HTLV-I antibody]. (1996)

A 57-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital complaining of left exophthalmos in July, 1991. Biopsy specimen of a tumor in the left orbit suggested an inflammatory pseudotumor. The orbit was irradiated and the exophthalmos disappeared. During admission, an erythema was noted on her anterior chest wall. After discharge, right exophthalmos and generalized skin eruptions developed. The skin eruption on her anterior chest wall was histopathologically diagnosed as angiocentric lymphoma and she was readmitted. Since her serum was positive for anti-HTLV-I antibody, adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma was suspected. Chemotherapy yielded limited relief of the right exophthalmos and transient fading of the skin eruptions. She died due to progression of the disease. Close examination of the skin eruption on the calf revealed that the lymphoma cells were CD56-positive immunohistochemically and electron microscopy revealed that they had large membrane-bound granules. Rearrangement of the T-cell receptor beta chain gene was observed. Incorporation of HTLV-I proviral DNA was not observed. Re-examination of the left orbital tumor confirmed the infiltration of these lymphoma cells. This is a rare case of T-cell lymphoma with NK cell phenotype involving orbits and skin, and showing a rapid clinical course.
An investigation of human body model morphing for the assessment of abdomen responses to impact against a population of test subjects (2017)

While the methodology could be further improved, it shows the feasibility of using model scaling methodologies to compare human models of different sizes and to evaluate scaling approaches within the context of human model validation.
Exxon donor solvent liquefaction process (1981)

The Exxon Donor Solvent (EDS) coal liquefaction system is a direct liquefaction procedure being developed by the Exxon Corporation. Coal is chemically reacted and dissolved in a recycle solvent that is hydrogenated between passes to the liquefaction reactor. More than 2.6 barrels (0.41 m 3) of a synthetic crude boiling below 1000 °F (538 °C) are produced per ton (0.907 t) of dry, high volatile coal feed. Other ranks of coal can be effectively liquefied. The process development has proceeded to a 250 ton/day (227 t/day) pilot plant stage that went into operation in June 1980. The presentation addresses the chemical reactions and process conditions that result in ease of operability and flexibility of the EDS process.
Removal of the airwave effect on MCSEM data by separation of the main part of the anomalous field (2010)

One of the difficulties in interpretation of MCSEM survey data in shallow water is related to the airwave effect, which dominates over the observed EM response and masks the anomalous effect of the resistive target. We demonstrate in this paper that this effect can be practically eliminated by a method of the separation of the main part of the anomalous field. As a result of this separation, the effect of the air‐water interface and the seawater layer is completely removed from the transformed signal. The advantage of this technique is that it can be used not only for a flat sea bottom but in areas with rough bathymetry as well. The proposed technique is implemented in the form of a stable integral transformation, which reduces the effect of the noise on the data, while methods based on the interferometry principles require the solution of an ill‐posed deconvolution problem. The numerical method of main‐part separation is based on the application of corresponding digital filters to the observed data. It is shown that the spectral characteristics of this transformation represent low‐frequency filters, which ensures robustness of the numerical algorithm.
Fluoxetine for Body Dysmorphic Disorder (2002)

Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a distressing and disruptive mental disorder that is not infrequently seen by dermatologists. Early studies suggested
The F/A-18 High-Angle-of- Attack Ground-to-Flight Correlation: Lessons Learned (1997)

Detailed wind tunnel and flight investigations were performed on the F/A-18 configuration to explore the causes of many high-angle-of-attack phenomena and resulting disparities between wind tunnel and flight results at these conditions. Obtaining accurate predictions of full-scale flight aerodynamics from wind-tunnel tests is important and becomes a challenge at high-angle-of-attack conditions where large areas of vortical flow interact. The F/A-18 airplane was one of the first high-performance aircraft to have an unrestricted angle-of-attack envelope, and as such the configuration displayed many unanticipated characteristics. Results indicate that fixing forebody crossflow transition on models can result in a more accurate match of flow fields, and thus a more accurate prediction of aerodynamic characteristics of flight at high angles of attack. The wind tunnel results show that small geometry differences, specifically nosebooms and aft-end distortion, can have a pronounced effect at high angles of attack and must be modeled in sub-scale tests in order to obtain accurate correlations with flight.
[Dietary factors and risk of colon cancer]. (1990)

Epidemiological and experimental studies indicate that certain dietary habits are associated with increased frequency of cancer in the large bowel. The article presents recent studies on the effects of fiber, fat and calcium on risk of cancer of the large bowel. A low fiber/high fat diet seems to enhance the risk of developing a colonic neoplasm. Increased intake of calcium may be beneficial in high-risk populations.
Modification of conjugate gradient iteration for stable and reproducible inversions (1993)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1993Modification of conjugate gradient iteration for stable and reproducible inversionsAuthors: Christof StorkChristof StorkAdvance Geophysicalhttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822556 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822556FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1993ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1993 Pages: 1396 publication data© 1993 Copyright © 1993 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 10 Feb 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Christof Stork, (1993), "Modification of conjugate gradient iteration for stable and reproducible inversions," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 578-582. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822556 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Why open government data initiatives fail to achieve their objectives: categorizing and prioritizing barriers through a global survey (2021)

Purpose Existing overviews of barriers for openly sharing and using government data are often conceptual or based on a limited number of cases. Furthermore, it is unclear what categories of barriers are most obstructive for attaining open data objectives. This paper aims to categorize and prioritize barriers for openly sharing and using government data based on many existing Open Government Data Initiatives (OGDIs). Design/methodology/approach This study analyzes 171 survey responses concerning existing OGDIs worldwide. Findings The authors found that the most critical OGDI barrier categories concern (in order of most to least critical): functionality and support; inclusiveness; economy, policy and process; data interpretation; data quality and resources; legislation and access; and sustainability. Policymakers should prioritize solving functionality and support barriers and inclusiveness barriers because the authors found that these are the most obstructive in attaining OGDI objectives. Practical implications The prioritization of open data barriers calls for three main actions by practitioners to reduce the barrier impact: open data portal developers should develop advanced tools to support data search, analysis, visualization, interpretation and interaction; open data experts and teachers should train potential users, and especially those currently excluded from OGDIs because of a lack of digital skills; and government agencies that provide open data should put user-centered design and the user experience central to better support open data users. Originality/value This study contributes to the open data literature by proposing a new, empirically based barrier categorization and prioritization based a large number of existing OGDIs.
Evaluation of a one-dimensional cloud model for yellow and green thunderstorms (2003)

Many observers have reported observations of green light emanating from severe thunderstorms in the midwestern United States. Spectral measurements have demonstrated that the dominant wavelength of the light is in the green portion of the visible spectrum and that this is not just a subjective impression. According to the theory proposed by Bohren and Fraser [Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 74, 2185 (1993)], two effects combine to produce green light from thunderstorms. First, incident solar radiation is reddened by selective scattering by air molecules and particles in the atmosphere before it enters the cloud. Second, the radiation that passes through an optically thick cloud is attenuated in the longer wavelengths because of selective absorption by liquid water. Model calculations indicate that realizable combinations of mean drop diameters, mean liquid-water contents, and cloud thicknesses can satisfy the conditions required for shifting the dominant wavelength of the incident solar radiation to green.
A methodology for creating reusable ontologies (2018)

Applications within the Internet of Things (IoT) increasingly build upon Semantic Web technologies to ensure interoperability of devices and applications. Hereby, a central aspect is knowledge representation, and in particular how devices can store and exchange semantic data. This paper defines and discusses a methodology for creating application-specific ontologies for the IoT. The two main objectives are to reuse existing knowledge on one hand and to derive reusable ontologies on the other hand. Thereby, a multi-agent system for switching optimization in the smart energy domain serves as a motivating example.