gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Onset and progression of pathological lesions in transforming growth factor-beta 1-deficient mice. (1995)

Null-mutant (knockout) mice were obtained through disruption of the sixth exon of the endogenous transforming growth factor-beta 1 allele in murine embryonic stem cells via homologous recombination. Mice lacking transforming growth factor-beta 1 (mutants) were born grossly indistinguishable from wild-type littermates. With time, mutant mice exhibited a wasting phenotype that manifested itself in severe weight loss and dishevelled appearance (between 15 and 36 days of age). Examination of these moribund mice histologically revealed that transforming growth factor-beta 1-deficient mice exhibit a moderate to severe, multifocal, organ-dependent, mixed inflammatory cell response adversely affecting the heart, stomach, diaphragm, liver, lung, salivary gland, and pancreas. Because of the known multifunctional nature of transforming growth factor-beta 1 on the control of growth and differentiation of many different cell types, it is important to determine the degree to which the inflammatory response interacts with or masks other deficiencies that are present. To this end, we examined the extent and nature of the inflammatory lesions in different ages of neonatal knockout mice (5, 7, 10, and 14 days of age) and older moribund mice (> 15 days of age) and compared them with the histology seen in wild-type normal animals. Mild inflammatory infiltrates were first observed in 5-day mutant mice in the heart, by day 7 in the lung, salivary gland, and pancreas, and by day 14 inflammatory lesions were found in almost all organs examined. Moderate to severe inflammation was not present until the mice were 10 to 14 days old. In the older animals, there was a slight increase in the severity of the inflammatory lesions as the mice aged.
Comparison of select analytes in aerosol from e-cigarettes with smoke from conventional cigarettes and with ambient air (2014)

Leading commercial electronic cigarettes were tested to determine bulk composition. The e-cigarettes and conventional cigarettes were evaluated using machine-puffing to compare nicotine delivery and relative yields of chemical constituents. The e-liquids tested were found to contain humectants, glycerin and/or propylene glycol, (⩾75% content); water (<20%); nicotine (approximately 2%); and flavor (<10%). The aerosol collected mass (ACM) of the e-cigarette samples was similar in composition to the e-liquids. Aerosol nicotine for the e-cigarette samples was 85% lower than nicotine yield for the conventional cigarettes. Analysis of the smoke from conventional cigarettes showed that the mainstream cigarette smoke delivered approximately 1500times more harmful and potentially harmful constituents (HPHCs) tested when compared to e-cigarette aerosol or to puffing room air. The deliveries of HPHCs tested for these e-cigarette products were similar to the study air blanks rather than to deliveries from conventional cigarettes; no significant contribution of cigarette smoke HPHCs from any of the compound classes tested was found for the e-cigarettes. Thus, the results of this study support previous researchers' discussion of e-cigarette products' potential for reduced exposure compared to cigarette smoke.
ShelfScanner: Toward real-time detection of groceries for the visually impaired (2010)

We present a study on grocery detection using our object detection system, ShelfScanner, which seeks to allow a visually impaired user to shop at a grocery store without additional human assistance. ShelfScanner allows online detection of items on a shopping list, in video streams in which some or all items could appear simultaneously. To deal with the scale of the object detection task, the system leverages the approximate planarity of grocery store shelves to build a mosaic in real time using an optical flow algorithm. The system is then free to use any object detection algorithm without incurring a loss of data due to processing time. For purposes of speed we use a multiclass naive-Bayes classifier inspired by NIMBLE, which is trained on enhanced SURF descriptors extracted from images in the GroZi-120 dataset. It is then used to compute per-class probability distributions on video keypoints for final classification. Our results suggest ShelfScanner could be useful in cases where high-quality training data is available
Modulational instability and space time dynamics in nonlinear parabolic-index optical fibers (2003)

Beam propagation in multimode graded-index parabolic optical fibers in the presence of group-velocity dispersion and Kerr nonlinearity is theoretically investigated. It is shown that a modulational instability arising from the periodic spatial focusing of the beam takes place regardless of the sign of fiber dispersion, leading to a highly nonlinear space-time dynamics and the generation of ultrashort optical pulses.
Electrochemical Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles under Protection of Poly(<i>N</i>-vinylpyrrolidone) (2003)

A novel electrochemical method for size-controlled synthesis of spherical silver nanoparticles in aqueous phase was developed for the first time. In this method the poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) was used as the stabilizer for the silver clusters. PVP was found to greatly promote silver particle formation rate and significantly reduce silver deposition rate, thereby making monodispersed silver nanoparticles to be synthesized very convenient by means of electroreduction of the bulk silver ions. It is possible to control the particle size by adjusting electrolysis parameters and to improve homogeneity of silver particles by changing the composition of electrolytic solutions. The results also showed the fact that the rate of transfer of PVP-stabilized silver clusters from the cathodic vicinity to the bulk solution played an important role in preparation of the monodispersed nanoparticles. In addition, the silver nanoparticles synthesized electrochemically may be directly employed to prepare the silver-doping tin electrodeposited coating.
Amperometric Detection of Nitric Oxide with Microsensor in the Medium of Seawater and Its Applications (2005)

Amperometric detection of nitric oxide with ISO-NOPMC NO microsensors(WPI) is systemically studied in the six media including seawater. The linear range of themicrosensor for NO was from 10-6 to 10-9 mol/l and the detection limit was4.2×10-10 mol/L(S/N=2). With this method, we provide preliminary evidence that NOproduction could be a general attribute of marine alga (Haeterosigma akashiwo).Experiment conducted with inhibitor of uncoupler 2,4-DNP (2,4-dinitropheno) revealed thatNR (nitrate reductase) activity is responsible for NO formation.
Mutation of <i>invH</i> , but Not <i>stn</i> , Reduces <i>Salmonella</i> -Induced Enteritis in Cattle (1998)

The induction of secretory and inflammatory responses in calves by Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella dublin strains was compared, and the effects of mutations in the invH and stn genes were assessed. S. typhimurium induced greater secretory and inflammatory responses than S. dublin in bovine ileal loops, despite the fact that these serotypes were recovered from bovine ileal mucosa in comparable numbers (P. R. Watson, S. M. Paulin, A. P. Bland, P. W. Jones, and T. S. Wallis, Infect. Immun. 63:2743-2754, 1995). These results implicate serotype-specific factors other than, or in addition to, intestinal invasion in the induction of enteritis. The secretory and inflammatory responses induced by S. typhimurium and S. dublin in bovine ligated ileal loops were not significantly altered by mutation of stn, which suggests that stn does not have a major role in Salmonella-induced enteritis. The invH mutation significantly reduced the secretory and inflammatory responses induced in bovine ileal loops, and this correlated with a reduction in the severity of enteritis following oral inoculation of calves. The attenuation associated with the invH mutation did not appear to be due to an increased susceptibility to the innate host defense mechanisms, because the resistance of S. typhimurium to the bactericidal action of either bovine polymorphonuclear leukocytes or bovine serum was not significantly altered. However, lysis of macrophages following infection with S. typhimurium was significantly reduced by the invH mutation. The invH mutation prevented the normal secretion of several proteins, including SipC, by S. typhimurium, indicating that the function of the inv-spa-encoded type III protein secretion system was disrupted. Taken together, these observations implicate inv-spa-dependent effectors in mediation of Salmonella-induced enteritis in cattle. Clearly, however, other undefined serotype-specific virulence factors are also involved in Salmonella-induced enteritis.
Fructooligosaccharides and β-fructofuranosidase production by Aspergillus japonicus immobilized on lignocellulosic materials (2009)

This work describes the fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and -fructofuranosidase (FFase) production from sucrose (200 g/l) by Aspergillus japonicus ATCC 20236 immobilized on different lignocellulosic materials including brewer's spent grain, wheat straw, corn cobs, coffee husks, cork oak, and loofa sponge. Transfructosylating (U t ) and hydrolyzing (U h ) activities of FFase were also determined. The FOS production and FFase activity ranged from 128.35 to 138.73 g/l, and 26.83 to 44.81 U/ml, respectively, for cells immobilized in the different carriers. Corn cobs was the best support material since gave the highest results of microorganism immobilization (1.49 g/g carrier), FOS and FFase production, with FOS productivity (6.61 g/l h) and yield (0.66 g/g based on total substrate; 0.73 g/g based on consumed substrate) higher than those obtained by free cells system. Moreover, the ratio U t /U h of FFase, parameter of importance for elevated FOS production, was greater for cells immobilized in corn cobs than for free cells. Such results demonstrated that corn cobs can be successfully used as carrier for immobilization of the fungus A. japonicus, for the production of FOS and FFase.
Analysis and Design of a Double-Output Series-Resonant DC–DC Converter (2007)

This paper presents a method for designing the ratio of the feedback weighting gains and the transformer secondary turns ratio of a double-output series-resonant dc-dc converter. The equivalent circuit models of the secondaries including the circuit parasitics are examined. The feedback line and load lines are drawn on a rectangular-coordinated output-voltage plane to check if the output specifications can be met. Three load ranges are classified. Then the ratio of the weighted feedback gains and the turns ratio of the transformer secondaries are determined. Design procedures are addressed. Satisfactory results on a double-output 180-W prototype are demonstrated and verified
Development and Reliability of the Research Version of the Minnesota Handwriting Test (1993)

Poor handwriting is often the trigger for evaluation by occupational therapists of students in special education programs, yet psychometrically strong tests for assessing primary grade printing are lacking. The Minnesota Handwriting Test was developed to meet the need of occupational therapists for an educationally relevant, norm-referenced test that can identify students with handwriting difficulties as well as document treatment effectiveness. In this report, the development of the research version of the test and studies of the test's reliability are reported.
Rapid Method for Coextraction of DNA and RNA from Natural Environments for Analysis of Ribosomal DNA- and rRNA-Based Microbial Community Composition (2000)

A rapid protocol for the extraction of total nucleic acids from environmental samples is described. The method facilitates concomitant assessment of microbial 16S rRNA diversity by PCR and reverse transcription-PCR amplification from a single extraction. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis microbial community analysis differentiated the active component (rRNA derived) from the total bacterial diversity (ribosomal DNA derived) down the horizons of an established grassland soil.
Some studies of the crystallization of polychlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer films (1968)

Abstract A fluorocarbon copolymer of chlorotrifluoroethylene (96%) and vinylidene fluoride has been isothermally crystallized and the quenched films analyzed by the light microscope, photographic light‐scattering, and density measurements. Above a supercooling of 79°C., homogeneous nucleation dominates, giving a morphology that appears to be that of a twisted ribbon. At supercoolings below 79°C., heterogeneous nucleation dominates and leads to spherulitic morphology. Sheaf or rodlike morphology occurs at very low supercoolings. Crystallization rates determined from density measurements at room temperature indicate maximum rate due to heterogeneous nucleation occurring at a supercooling greater than 79°C., but the temperature for maximum rate cannot be identified because of the transition to homogeneous nucleation which causes a discontinuity in the rate versus temperature curve. Superposability of crystallization isotherms constructed from density values are inconsistent with the large melting point lowering from that of polychlorotrifluoroethylene for this copolymer. However, this may be explained by the presence of a different crystal system for each monomer in the copolymer.
High-frequency microstrip cross resonators for circular polarization electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (2008)

In this article we discuss the design and implementation of a novel microstrip resonator which allows absolute control of the microwaves polarization degree for frequencies up to 30 GHz. The sensor is composed of two half-wavelength microstrip line resonators, designed to match the 50 Omega impedance of the lines on a high dielectric constant GaAs substrate. The line resonators cross each other perpendicularly through their centers, forming a cross. Microstrip feed lines are coupled through small gaps to three arms of the cross to connect the resonator to the excitation ports. The control of the relative magnitude and phase between the two microwave stimuli at the input ports of each line allows for tuning the degree and type of polarization of the microwave excitation at the center of the cross resonator. The third (output) port is used to measure the transmitted signal, which is crucial to work at low temperatures, where reflections along lengthy coaxial lines mask the signal reflected by the resonator. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectra recorded at low temperature in an S=5/2 molecular magnet system show that 82% fidelity circular polarization of the microwaves is achieved over the central area of the resonator.
Weak field NMR and ESR spectrometers and magnetometers (1992)

Weak field magnetic resonance is usually limited by the signal-to-noise ratio, which decreases drastically with the field. The authors present high-resolution NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) and ESR (electron spin resonance) sensors developed for Earth field magnetometry and spectrometry. For some of them the resonance signal is amplified by the Overhauser effect or laser optical pumping. The spectrometers and magnetometers are described. The features of magnetometers and many application fields are summarized. The performance of the low field spectrometers and their potential use in spin dynamic studies are also presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Comparison of techniques for demonstrating antibodies to Rift Valley fever virus (1986)

Nine serological techniques were compared by monitoring the response to infection with Rift Valley fever (RVF) virus in three sheep. Antibodies were monitored daily for the first 14 days after infection, then weekly and later fortnightly up to week 24. The earliest antibody response was detected in one sheep on day 3 by a plaque reduction neutralization test, and by day 6 antibodies were demonstrable in all three sheep by haemagglutination-inhibition, reversed passive haemagglutination-inhibition, immunodiffusion, indirect immunofluorescence (IF), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and neutralization of cytopathic effect in cell cultures. Antibodies were demonstrable by complement fixation on day 8 at the earliest. IF and the two neutralization techniques produced the highest titres, but all tests could be used satisfactorily for the serological diagnosis of RVF. Inactivated antigen could be used for all except the neutralization tests. A radioimmunoassay technique using 125I-labelled staphylococcal protein A detected antibodies on day 8 at the earliest and produced lower mean titres than some of the other techniques. This was probably because sheep immunoglobulins bind protein A poorly.
DECREASE OF OXYGEN SATURATION DURING DENTAL TREATMENT UNDER GENERAL ANESTHESIA OF DOWN SYNDROME PATIENT WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE -A CASE REPORT- (2009)

A 26-year-old female patient with Down syndrome visited to recieve dental treatment under gnenral anesthesia 6 years ago. The patient had difficulties in oral examination, radiograph taking and laboratory test. The patient had congenital heart disease and medical consultation based on the echocardiography was provided by a cardiologist indicating that the patient could tolearte general anesthesia during dental treatment. And two times of general anesthesia were administered during a dental treament with the interval of 3 years and no postoperpative complicaton was reported. At the third dental operation, the patient had a relatively good condition and her prescreening test revealed no abnormalities. Without further consultation with a cardiologist, general anesthesia was administered to the patient. Anaesthesia was based on thiopental and ventilation of desflurane and in oxygen via an endotracheal tube with an appropriate monitoring. During the maintenance of anesthesia, the blood pressure of the patient started to drop and the oxygen saturation also began to decrease. Consequently, the proceding operation was discontinued and also inhalation anesthesia was ceased. As the patient was recovered from anesthesia, her systemic conditions were alleviated. After the complete recovery of the patient, she visited the cardiologist, and the cardiologic test revealed her severe right ventricular dilatation. In the anesthesia of patients with congenital heart disease, information on their systemic conditions needs to be undated from the medical consultation, which assures the safety of treatment.
Use of immunoglobulin-loaded protein A-bearing staphylococci as a primary solid phase immunoadsorbent in radioimmunoassay. (1980)

Protein A-bearing formalinized heat-inactivated Staphylococcus aureus bind rabbit 125I-IgG with high capacity of IgG for antigen. The affinity of immobilized IgG for antigen is equal to the affinity of soluble antibody, and the capacity for antigen approximates the capacity of soluble antibody for antigen. 125I-IgG bound to high affinity sites on bacteria is not substantially displaced in the presence of human serum after 4 h at 4 degrees C, but rabbit immunoglobulin can displace bound rabbit IgG. Protein A-bearing bacteria which have adsorbed IgG free from protease activity in antiserum provide a stable, sensitive, primary solid phase adsorbent with unique features for radioimmunoassay. Sedimentation characteristics of bacteria permit facile separation of bound from free ligand by centrifugation of the primary antibody. Immunoglobulin-loaded staphylococci can adsorb ligand from serum, simultaneously purifying and concentrating ligands for measurement in a single subsequent step. Immunoglobulin-bearing bacteria can be used directly in biological fluids containing immunoglobulin, such as serum and culture media. Improved economy of staphylococci, low nonspecific binding, high functional capacity, stability, and unique characteristics of radioimmunoassay using immunoglobulin-loaded staphylococci compare favorably with conventional solid phase adsorbents.
Impact of Cognition and Clinical Factors on Functional Outcome in Patients with Bipolar Disorder. (2017)

Total episodes, depressive episodes, time since the last episode, and cognitive dysfunction correlated with poor functioning. Executive dysfunction was the strongest predictor of psychosocial outcome in euthymic bipolar patients. Long-term therapeutic interventions should target relapse prevention with special consideration given to depressive episodes and cognitive rehabilitation.
Pédagogie audio-visuelle et enseignement de l’histoire à l’élémentaire (1979)

Pédagogie audio-visuelle et enseignement de l’histoire à l’élémentaire. Un article de la revue Revue des sciences de l'éducation (Volume 5, numéro 2, printemps 1979, p. 179-341) diffusée par la plateforme Érudit.
A method and its application to evaluate automated distribution control (1988)

Increased capital and generation costs coupled with the expense of distribution system losses are providing motivation to distribution engineers to improve their knowledge of the distribution system and apply that knowledge to improve its operation. A straightforward method is developed which is capable of examining the effects of continuous system reconfiguration of switches and capacitors with automated distribution control (ADC) on a portion of the Pennsylvania Power and Light Company (PP&L) service territory. A load model and an electrical model are applied in a six-step method. The development of this method was made possible by two key elements: the availability of unique time-of-day load data from a historical survey of several PP&L feeders; and the use of an advanced integrated distribution system modeling and analysis package. The results show that the application of ADC techniques provide potential distribution system loss reductions which could not otherwise be achieved.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Community Mental Health: Why the Benign Neglect? (1973)

The Community Mental Health Centers Act of 1963 was the culmination of decades of effort to achieve equity in the provision of mental health care by developing a comprehensive and coordinated network of service within the community. The statute projected the mental health profession beyond the confines of the clinical establishment into the fabric of community life. The challenge given the new mental health centers was to aid people, " ... too fearful, too angry, too alienated, too hopeless to seek any kind to help."