gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Text detection and recognition in natural scenes and consumer videos (2014)

We propose an end-to-end system for text detection and recognition in natural scenes and consumer videos. Maximally Stable Extremal Regions which are robust to illumination and viewpoint variations are selected as text candidates. Rich shape descriptors such as Histogram of Oriented Gradients, Gabor filter, corners and geometrical features are used to represent the candidates and classified using a support vector machine. Positively labeled candidates serve as anchor regions for word formation. We then group candidate regions based on geometric and color properties to form word boundaries. To speed up the system for practical applications, we use Partial Least Squares approach for dimensionality reduction. The detected words are binarized, filtered and passed to a hidden Markov model based Optical Character Recognition (OCR) system for recognition. We show significant improvement in text detection and recognition tasks over previous approaches on a large consumer video dataset. Furthermore, the event detection system built upon the OCR output of this approach outperformed multiple other OCR-only based submissions in the recently concluded NIST TRECVID 2013 multimedia event detection evaluations.
On the transition between the sounding modes of a flute (1980)

Mode transitions between the sounding modes of a flute were studied experimentally with an artificial mouth. This consisted of a nitrogen beam blown through a nozzle onto the embouchure of a real flute head pipe connected to a single open pipe. The nature of the transition depends sensitively on the angle of attack, the transverse displacement, and the length of the nitrogen beam. A qualitative model is discussed to understand the nature of the mode transition.
Fitness Clothing Gets Smart (2015)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTFitness Clothing Gets SmartView Author Information C&EN New York CityCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2015, 93, 48, 28–29Publication Date (Print):December 7, 2015Publication History Published online30 March 2016Published inissue 7 December 2015https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-09348-bus1https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09348-bus1newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 2015 Chemical & Engineering NewsArticle Views10Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Coating materials,Embedding,Sensors,Silicon Get e-Alerts
The application of atomic layer deposition for transparent thin film transistor (2006)

The ability of ALD to deposit thin films with great uniformity over large area and low temperature deposition make it viable technique for flexible flat panel display. Recently, transparent thin film transistor is being considered as important component for next generation display device. For this, all layers including active channel layer, gate insulator, source, drain, and gate should be made of transparent materials. For example, ZnO is widely studied as a promising material for active channel layer of TTFT. In addition, high k materials including Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> , and transparent conducting oxide such as Al-doped ZnO can be used for gate insulator and electrode, respectively. In this study, we investigated the ALD process for ZnO, Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> , and Al-doped ZnO and fabricated the TTFT from all ALD based thin film deposition technology. The electrical properties of ZnO thin films depending on the growth conditions for application as an active channel layer of TFT were discussed as a function of ALD process conditions.
Transport and assembly processes in the endoplasmic reticulum. (1990)

Until recently, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of eukaryotic cells was regarded as an open corridor for the unregulated movement of newly-synthesized exocytotic proteins from their site of membrane translocation to the vesicles that ferry them from the transitional elements of the ER to the Golgi apparatus. Moreover, it was widely assumed that the folding and assembly of newly translocated polypeptides into their tertiary and quaternary structure is a spontaneous process that does not involve the intervention of other cellular proteins. In this article we review evidence that the ER is a highly discriminatory organelle that grants passage only to proteins that have attained an essentially native conformation, and summarize current knowledge about resident ER proteins that appear to facilitate and/or monitor protein folding and assembly in this organelle.
Multi-resolution analysis using curvelet and wavelet transforms for medical imaging (2011)

Curvelet transform is a new extension of wavelet transform which aims to deal with interesting phenomena occurring along curves. Curvelet transform is particularly a challenging task to classify human organs in CT scans using gray-level information. An efficient implementation of curvelet transform for medical image segmentation and denoising has been presented in this paper. A comparison study has been carried out in this paper between different transforms which reveals that curvelet transform exhibits optimal representation of the region of interest (ROI) with better accuracy and less noise.
Treatment of Intestinal Cryptosporidiosis with Spiramycin (1984)

Nine male patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and one female patient who had an allogeneic bone marrow transplant for acute myeloblastic leukemia in relapse developed severe debilitating diarrhea. Cryptosporidium species were found in the stools of all patients. After receiving treatment with spiramycin for 1 week, five patients had complete resolution of the diarrhea and four patients had symptomatic improvement. One patient responded gradually and the diarrhea resolved after 30 days of treatment with spiramycin.
Using nearest neighbors for accurate estimation of ultrasonic attenuation in the spectral domain (2013)

Attenuation is a key diagnostic parameter of tissue pathology change and thus may play a vital role in the quantitative discrimination of malignant and benign tumors in soft tissue. In this paper, two novel techniques are proposed for estimating the average ultrasonic attenuation in soft tissue using the spectral domain weighted nearest neighbor method. Because the attenuation coefficient of soft tissues can be considered to be a continuous function in a small neighborhood, we directly estimate an average value of it from the slope of the regression line fitted to the 1) modified average midband fit value and 2) the average center frequency shift along the depth. To calculate the average midband fit value, an average regression line computed from the exponentially weighted short-time Fourier transform (STFT) of the neighboring 1-D signal blocks, in the axial and lateral directions, is fitted over the usable bandwidth of the normalized power spectrum. The average center frequency downshift is computed from the maximization of a cost function defined from the normalized spectral cross-correlation (NSCC) of exponentially weighted nearest neighbors in both directions. Different from the large spatial signal-block-based spectral stability approach, a costfunction- based approach incorporating NSCC functions of neighboring 1-D signal blocks is introduced. This paves the way for using comparatively smaller spatial area along the lateral direction, a necessity for producing more realistic attenuation estimates for heterogeneous tissue. For accurate estimation of the attenuation coefficient, we also adopt a reference-phantombased diffraction-correction technique for both methods. The proposed attenuation estimation algorithm demonstrates better performance than other reported techniques in the tissue-mimicking phantom and the in vivo breast data analysis.
Trajectory Enabled Service Support Platform for Mobile Users’ Behavior Pattern Mining (2009)

Existing operational support systems of GSM service providers focus on collecting and maintaining massive rough Cell- ID based location data, which cannot satisfy the requirement of new trajectory based services in identifying the behaviors of mobile users. In this paper, we introduce a trajectory e
Functional characterization of front‐end desaturases from trypanosomatids depicts the first polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic pathway from a parasitic protozoan (2005)

A survey of the three kinetoplastid genome projects revealed the presence of three putative front-end desaturase genes in Leishmania major, one in Trypanosoma brucei and two highly identical ones (98%) in T. cruzi. The encoded gene products were tentatively annotated as Delta8, Delta5 and Delta6 desaturases for L. major, and Delta6 desaturase for both trypanosomes. After phylogenetic and structural analysis of the deduced proteins, we predicted that the putative Delta6 desaturases could have Delta4 desaturase activity, based mainly on the conserved HX(3)HH motif for the second histidine box, when compared with Delta4 desaturases from Thraustochytrium, Euglena gracilis and the microalga, Pavlova lutheri, which are more than 30% identical to the trypanosomatid enzymes. After cloning and expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, it was possible to functionally characterize each of the front-end desaturases present in L. major and T. brucei. Our prediction about the presence of Delta4 desaturase activity in the three kinetoplastids was corroborated. In the same way, Delta5 desaturase activity was confirmed to be present in L. major. Interestingly, the putative Delta8 desaturase turned out to be a functional Delta6 desaturase, being 35% and 31% identical to Rhizopus oryzae and Pythium irregulareDelta6 desaturases, respectively. Our results indicate that no conclusive predictions can be made about the function of this class of enzymes merely on the basis of sequence homology. Moreover, they indicate that a complete pathway for very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis is functional in L. major using Delta6, Delta5 and Delta4 desaturases. In trypanosomes, only Delta4 desaturases are present. The putative algal origin of the pathway in kinetoplastids is discussed.
Exhaled carbon monoxide is not flow dependent in children with cystic fibrosis and asthma. (2004)

In contrast to CF-patients in the exhaled air of steroid-naive asthmatics elevated eCO concentrations are found that may serve as non-invasive inflammatory marker. In contrast to eNO, eCO did not show any expiratory flow dependency.
Nicotinamide-induced Mitophagy (2012)

Active autophagy coupled with rapid mitochondrial fusion and fission constitutes an important mitochondrial quality control mechanism and is critical to cellular health. In our previous studies, we found that exposure of cells to nicotinamide causes a decrease in mitochondrial content and an increase in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) by activating autophagy and inducing mitochondrial fragmentation. Here, we present evidence to show that the effect of nicotinamide is mediated through an increase of the [NAD(+)]/[NADH] ratio and the activation of SIRT1, an NAD(+)-dependent deacetylase that plays a role in autophagy flux. The [NAD(+)]/[NADH] ratio was inversely correlated with the mitochondrial content, and an increase in the ratio by the mobilization of the malate-aspartate shuttle resulted in autophagy activation and mitochondrial transformation from lengthy filaments to short dots. Furthermore, treatment of cells with SIRT1 activators, fisetin or SRT1720, induced similar changes in the mitochondrial content. Importantly, the activators induced mitochondrial fragmentation only when SIRT1 expression was intact. Meanwhile, MMP did not increase when the cells were treated with the activators, suggesting that the change in MMP is not induced by the mitochondrial turnover per se and that elevation of the [NAD(+)]/[NADH] ratio may activate additional mechanisms that cause MMP augmentation. Together, our results indicate that a metabolic state resulting in an elevated [NAD(+)]/[NADH] ratio can modulate mitochondrial quantity and quality via pathways that may include SIRT1-mediated mitochondrial autophagy.
Inflammatory bowel disease: Epidemiology, pathogenesis, and therapeutic opportunities (2005)

Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), the primary constituents of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), are precipitated by a complex interaction of environmental, genetic, and immunoregulatory factors. Higher rates of IBD are seen in northern, industrialized countries, with greater prevalence among Caucasians and Ashkenazic Jews. Racial gaps are closing, indicating that environmental factors may play a role. IBD is multigenic, with the most clearly established genetic link between certain NOD2 variants and CD. Regardless of the underlying genetic predisposition, a growing body of data implicates a dysfunctional mucosal immune response to commensal bacteria in the pathogenesis of IBD, especially CD. Possible triggers include a chronic inflammatory response precipitated by infection with a particular pathogen or virus or a defective mucosal barrier. The characteristic inflammatory response begins with an infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages, which then release chemokines and cytokines. These in turn exacerbate the dysfunctional immune response and activate either TH1 or TH2 cells in the gut mucosa, respectively associated with CD and, less conclusively, with UC. Elucidation of immunological and genetic factors indicate multiple points at which the inflammatory cascade may be interrupted, yielding the possibility of precise, targeted therapies for IBD.
Integrated Multiprocess Microfluidic Systems for Automating Analysis (2010)

Microfluidic technologies have been applied extensively in rapid sample analysis. Some current challenges for standard microfluidic systems are relatively high detection limits, and reduced resolving power and peak capacity compared to conventional approaches. The integration of multiple functions and components onto a single platform can overcome these separation and detection limitations of microfluidics. Multiplexed systems can greatly increase peak capacity in multidimensional separations and can increase sample throughput by analyzing many samples simultaneously. On-chip sample preparation, including labeling, preconcentration, cleanup and amplification, can all serve to speed up and automate processes in integrated microfluidic systems. This paper summarizes advances in integrated multi-process microfluidic systems for automated analysis, their benefits and areas for needed improvement.
Recommendations for the Reduction of Compound Artifacts in Time-Resolved Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer Assays (2007)

Time-resolved (TR) fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) is a widely accepted technology for high throughput screening (HTS), being able to detect and quantify the interactions of specific biomolecules in a homogeneous format. TR-FRET has several advantages for HTS applications that reduce assay artifacts such as compound interference. However, in some cases artifacts due to compound autofluorescence, color quenching, or signal stability are still observed. This report presents strategies addressing these issues by several means. One recommendation is the recording and visualization of differences in the donor/acceptor fluorescence, which allows the identification of compound artifacts. Another suggestion is to adjust the time delay, between excitation and recording of the fluorescence, in order to reduce compound interference. Furthermore, configuring the assay to allow the TR-FRET measurement to be taken at different time points, creating a reaction time course, allows background correction for each sample. Finally, the optimization of the FRET pair, to ensure assay signal stability under screening conditions, can improve the assay quality. This report presents examples of how these simple steps can be applied to enhance the quality of TR-FRET screening campaigns.
An anomaly-based system for parental control (2009)

This work presents an anomaly-based system for parental control. This approach combined with traditional parental control systems can produce a number of false positives and false negatives less than traditional solutions. The proposed system is also able to update the anomaly model according to feedback received by parents. Finally, in our system the anomaly model has been specifically designed for Web applications, chats, e-mails.
A Zinc/Hydrogel System for Cathodic Protection of Reinforced Concrete Structures (1996)

Abstract A zinc/hydrogel system has been developed for the cathodic protection of steel in reinforced concrete. This system consists of a thin foil of zinc which is attached to the concrete surface by an ionically conductive hydrogel adhesive. A direct electrical connection between the zinc and the reinforcing steel allows the zinc to function galvanically, polarizing the steel and protecting it from corrosion. Zinc, aluminum, and several aluminum alloys were tested as anodes in contact with hydrogel adhesives, and zinc was found to offer the best combination of working potential, resistance to passivation, cost and availability. Several hydrogels used for medical applications were found to be inadequate for this use, but a hydrogel adhesive was developed specifically to bond sacrificial anodes to concrete. This hydrogel achieved a total charge in accelerated testing equal to 12 years of life at current densities normally used for cathodic protection. Zinc/hydrogel was installed on about 1000 ft2 (100 m2) of a fishing pier in Ft. Pierce, Florida on members including prestressed pilings, conventionally reinforced pile caps, and prestressed beams. Installation of this system was relatively easy, and initial performance is encouraging. After 5 months of service, adhesion is good and current densities reamain high.
Design and Development of Low Cost, Simple, Rapid and Safe, Modified Field Kits for the Visual Detection and Determination of Arsenic in Drinking Water Samples (2005)

Arsenic is naturally found in surface and ground waters and the inorganic forms of arsenic are the most toxic forms. The adverse health effects of arsenic may involve the respiratory, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, nervous, and haematopoietic systems. Arsenic contamination in drinking water is a global problem widely seen in Bangladesh and West Bengal of the Indian sub continent. As there is a great demand for field test kits due to the anticipated reduction of the US EPA arsenic standard from 50ppb to 10ppb a field kit which offers rapid, simple and safe method for precise estimation of arsenic at 10ppb in drinking water samples is developed. Field methods, based on the mercuric-bromide-stain, consist of three different major parts, which are carried out stepwise. The first part of the procedure is to remove serious interference caused by hydrogen sulphide. In commercially available kits either the sulphide is oxidized to sulphate and the excess oxidizing reagent removed prior to the hydride generation step or, the hydrogen sulphide is filtered out by passing the gas stream through a filter impregnated with lead acetate during the hydride generation step. The present method employs cupric chloride in combination with ferric chloride or Fentonis reagent for the removal of hydrogen sulphide, which is rapid, simple and more efficient. Other interferences at this step of the analyses are normally not expected for drinking water analysis. In the second step, the generation of the arsine gas involves the classical way of using zinc metal and hydrochloric acid, which produce the enascenti hydrogen, which is the actual reducing agent. Hydrochloric acid can be replaced by sulfamic acid, which is solid and avoids a major disadvantage of having to handle a corrosive liquid in the field. The arsine gas produces a yellowish spot on the reagent paper. Depending on the arsenic content, either, Yellow n H (HgBr)2 As (10-50ppb), Brown n (HgBr)3 As (50-100ppb) or Black n Hg3 As2 (>100ppb) are formed which can be precisely estimated by visual comparison with standard color chart. The results obtained by field kits agree well with the data obtained through I.C.P.AES methods. The most important characteristic for field measurement is that analytical results can be obtained on the site where the sample is taken with high precision and can be conveniently utilized for monitoring arsenic rapidly in a highly contaminated large geographical area.
A simple positional accuracy measure for linear features (1997)

Abstract In this paper we propose a simple technique for assessing the positional accuracy of digitized linear features. The approach relies on a comparison with a representation of higher accuracy, and estimates the percentage of the total length of the low accuracy representation that is within a specified distance of the high accuracy representation. The approach deals successfully with three deficiencies of other methods: it is statistically based; is relatively insensitive to extreme outliers; and does not require matching of points between representations. It can be implemented using standard functions and a standard scripting language in any raster or vector GIS. We present the results of a test using data from the Digital Chart of the World.
Jean Rudhardt, Le thème de l'eau primordiale dans la mythologie grecque., 1971 (1972)

Schwartz Jacques. Jean Rudhardt, Le thème de l'eau primordiale dans la mythologie grecque., 1971. In: Revue d'histoire et de philosophie religieuses, 52e année n°1,1972. p. 128.
Does chronic radiation enteritis pose a diagnostic challenge? A report of three cases. (2008)

We present three cases of late radiation enteritis, all admitted through the accident and emergency unit and managed in the surgical department. All presented with acute symptoms. Two had abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting and in these two cases, plain radiology and computed tomography scans demonstrated small bowel obstruction. Exploratory laparotomies confirmed chronic radiation damage to the small bowel. The affected areas were resected and anastomoses were performed. The postoperative course was uneventful. The other patient presented with bleeding per rectum and a colonoscopy with biopsy of the rectum confirmed proctitis and radiation enteritis. This patient was treated conservatively and responded well. The key factor needed for successful diagnosis and management of chronic radiation enteritis is a high index of suspicion leading to appropriate use of imaging.
Boyer (Régis) Le Christ des Barbares. Le monde nordique (IXe-XIIIe siècles) (1988)

Genet Jean-Philippe. Boyer (Régis) Le Christ des Barbares. Le monde nordique (IXe-XIIIe siècles). In: Archives de sciences sociales des religions, n°66/2, 1988. p. 245.