gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Obtenção in situ do compósito alfa-SiAlON-SiC (2005)

O objetivo desse trabalho foi a preparação in situ do compósito alfa-SiAlON-SiC com desenvolvimento de solução sólida de nitreto de silício (SiAlON) durante a sinterização, utilizando o óxido misto de ítrio e terras raras (CRE2O3), fabricado na FAENQUIL, como estabilizador da fase alfa-Si3N4. Uma fração de 20% em volume da mistura AlN-CRE2O3, na proporção 9:1 (mol%), foi misturada a 80% em volume de Si3N4. A essa mistura (Si3N4-AlN-CRE2O3), foram adicionadas quantidades variadas de beta-SiC (entre 0 e 20 peso%). As misturas de pós foram moídas e, em seguida, compactadas por prensagem uniaxial e, subseqüente prensagem isostática a frio. Os compactos foram submetidos a sinterização a 1950 0C por 1 h e sob pressão de 1 MPa de N2. As amostras sinterizadas foram caracterizadas quanto às fases presentes, transformação Si3N4-SiAlON e aspectos microestruturais. Os resultados revelaram alfa-SiAlON e beta-SiC como únicas fases cristalinas. Além disso, não houve cristalização parcial da fase intergranular remanescente, e observou-se que variadas adições de SiC não interferiram na solubilidade e conseqüente formação de alfa-SiAlON, porém o crescimento de grãos alongados de alfa' é inibido em função da adição de quantidades maiores de SiC.
Basis For Joint Tenancy Property (1998)

The battle over the portion of value of property owned in joint tenancy (or tenancy by the entirety) receiving a new basis at death moved a notch closer to resolution with a 1998 Tax Court case. In that decision, Hahn v. Commissioner, the Tax Court agreed with five earlier cases that a surviving spouse may be entitled to a new income tax basis in 100 percent of the date of death value of property held in joint tenancy with a predeceased spouse.
Schmorl Nodes of the Thoracic and Lumbar Spine: Radiographic-Pathologic Study of Prevalence, Characterization, and Correlation with Degenerative Changes of 1,650 Spinal Levels in 100 Cadavers (2001)

Schmorl nodes are common in the spines in an elderly population, with a frequency similar to that in a younger population. Schmorl nodes are associated with moderate but not advanced degenerative changes. Geometric observations regarding the vertebral endplates support the concept that Schmorl nodes are caused by an abnormality of the discovertebral junction.
Carcinostatic action of polycarbonyl compounds and their derivatives. III. Hydroxymethylglyoxal bis (guanylhydrazone). (1958)

Summary 1.Hydroxymethylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone) sulfate was an active inhibitor of Adenocarcinoma 755 in C57 × DBA F1 hybrid mice when administered in the diet. This compound was also active against Leukemia L1210 in the same strain of mice. 2.At low doses a dystherapeutic, stimulant effect was noted on Adenocarcinoma 755. 3.Methylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone) was moderately active, and glyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone) was weakly active on Adenocarcinoma 755. 4.A potential mechanism of action is discussed.
World development indicators (1997)

The developing world has made remarkable progress. The number of people living in extreme poverty on less than $1 a day has fallen by about 400 million in the last 25 years. Many more children, particularly girls, are completing primary school. Illiteracy rates have fallen by half in 30 years. And life expectancy is nearly 15 years longer, on average, than it was 40 years ago. The demand for statistics to measure progress and demonstrate the effectiveness of development programs has stimulated growing interest in the production and dissemination of statistics. And not just in the traditional domains of debt, demographics, and national accounts, but in new areas such as biodiversity, information, communications, technology, and measures of government and business performance. In response World Development Indicators (WDI) has continued to grow and change. In 1999 members of the statistical community, recognizing that the production of sound statistics for measuring progress is a global responsibility, established the Partnership in Statistics for Development in the twenty-first century (PARIS21) to strengthen statistical capacity at all levels. In 2000 the United Nations millennium summit called on all countries to work toward a quantified, time-bound set of development targets, which became the millennium development goals (MDG). In the five years since the millennium summit, the idea of working toward specific goals has evolved into a general strategy of managing for development results. Countries are reporting on progress toward the MDG and monitoring their own results using a variety of economic and social indicators. Bilateral and multilateral development agencies are incorporating results into their own management planning and evaluation systems and using new indicators to set targets for harmonizing their joint work programs. All of these efforts depend on statistics.
Plant Productivity and the Control of Photorespiration (1973)

The noninteractive zero-knowledge proof (NIZKP) is underlying a broad spectrum of applications. The major categories of NIZKP are instantiated with deterministic hash functions in the real world. However, the outputs of deterministic hash ...Zero-knowledge proof (ZKP) is a fundamental cryptographic primitive that allows a prover to convince a verifier of the validity of a statement without leaking any further information. As an efficient variant of ZKP, noninteractive zero-knowledge proof (...
Analysis of comfort and moisture management properties of polyester/milkweed blended plated knitted fabrics for active wear applications (2016)

The search for sustainable renewable source of fibre is the need of the hour for the textile industry. In this aspect, milkweed fibres are considered to be one of the potential fibre crops. Plated knit fabrics are designed and engineered with correct selection of fibre and yarn constituents in the distinct bottom and top layer (next to sin) can serve well for next-to-skin applications. In this research work, the potential application of milkweed/polyester plated knitted fabrics for next-to-skin end uses were analysed by changing the inner and outer layers of plated fabrics and with different polyester/milkweed blend proportion. From the results of various moisture management indices of plated knitted fabrics, it is observed that except polyester/polyester and polyester/60% milkweed samples, which are exhibited as water penetration fabric, all other samples are showed as moisture management fabric. The hydrophobic fibre (polyester) in the top layer and hydrophilic fibres (milkweed) in the bottom layer exhibits higher bottom absorption rate, bottom spreading speed and one-way liquid transport leading to higher overall moisture management index. By considering the moisture management indices and grades of various samples, it could be observed that the plated fabric made from 40% milkweed/polyester could be an efficient moisture management fabric when used in either-way compared with other fabrics. One-way analysis of variance carried out at 95% confidence level showed that the results are statistically significant. The pair wise strength and association between various moisture management indices was analysed using Pearson correlation coefficient and observed that one-way transport capacity and overall moisture management capacity was found to be positively and linearly related to each other.
Monocular depth from focus estimation with complementary filters (2011)

In this paper, new methodologies for the estimation of the depth of a target with unknown dimensions, based on depth from focus strategies, are proposed. The image-based measurements are detailed, through the minimization of a new functional, deeply rooted on optical characteristics of the lens system, namely the point spread function. This work complements an inexpensive single pan and tilt camera-based indoor positioning and tracking system, resorting to complementary filters for depth estimation. A motivation example is provided, where the target dimensions are assumed as known. Then, an extension corresponding to an higher-order filter is presented, that tackles the problem at hand. To assess the performance of the proposed system, a series of indoor experimental tests for a range of operation of up to ten meter were carried out. A centimetric accuracy was obtained under realistic conditions.
A randomized, open labeled, comparative study to assess the efficacy and safety of controller medications as add on to inhaled corticosteroid and long-acting β2 agonist in the treatment of moderate-to-severe persistent asthma (2010)

All add on controller medications helped, with a significant improvement of lung functions and asthma symptoms.
Redistribution of recent collision push and ridge push in Central Europe: insights from FEM modelling (2006)

2-D elastic finite element models of the recent stress field of Central Europe are built to evaluate the loads exerted on the continental boundary and the magnitude of tectonic stresses within the continental part of the plate. The models comprise 24 tectonic blocks (their stiffness is either constant throughout the model or varies from block to block), 16 fault zones and 12 geologically significant boundary segments. We have obtained a relatively unique balance of external tectonic forces by (1) careful adjustment of calculated stress directions and regimes to complex pattern of stress from data and (2) by calibration with gravitational potential energy. A high level of compression (ca. 9 × 10
Analysis of evolution scenarios for end-to-end quality of services provisioning in the internet (2009)

One of the main objectives in the next generation networks design is to propose customers a service of end-to-end connectivity with defined quality characteristics on-demand. This objective is challenging: a typical communication session in the Internet involves multiple networks managed by different providers and all networks along a path of a given session should forward guaranteed QoS traffic according to specific quality requirements. This paper analyzes the real Internet topology consisting of more than 30,000 Autonomous Systems and investigates probability to establish an end-to-end path between end-users in several scenarios. Received numerical results demonstrate that high probability of end-to-end connectivity can be achieved if end-user hosts are connected to large networks (with high connectivity degree). In other cases, probability to get end-to-end QoS path between end-nodes is relatively low unless a very significant number of Autonomous Systems in the Internet is involved to the provisioning process. The service with guaranteed end-to-end quality is unlikely to be delivered between any two end-points in the current Internet unless strong cooperation incentives exist for all parties in a communication chain.
Large object support in POSTGRES (2002)

Four implementations that support large objects in the POSTGRES database system are presented. The four implementations offer varying levels of support for security, transactions, compression, and time travel. All are implemented using the POSTGRES abstract data type paradigm, support user-defined operators and functions, and allow file-oriented access to large objects in the database. The support for user-defined storage managers available in POSTGRES is also detailed. The performance of all four large object implementations on two different storage devices is described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Digital Mammography A Comparison of Two Digitization Methods (1989)

A preliminary study of 40 different radiodense breasts digitized with a Fuji high resolution BAFBr:EU2+ imaging plate enabled us to establish acceptable enhancement procedures with a Fuji Computer Radiology 201 system. Screen-film images of 36 of these breasts were also digitized and enhanced on a Damon DETECT TV system. Three radiologists specializing in mammography reviewed each pair of images. For the 20 normal examinations, both digital methods were considered equivalent in image quality, while for the 16 cases containing pathology (masses and/or calcifications) the TV system was considered to provide the best image quality twice as often as the laser scanned system. The radiologists rejected both methods of enhancement for 8% of the images. Despite cost differences between the two systems, both have equal capability in penetrating dense breasts. However, both systems have several significant deficiencies which preclude their clinical use. At the present time, there is no objective justification for using either system for breast imaging other than in an experimental capacity.
Transport Security Model for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) (2009)

This memo describes a Transport Security Model for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP).This memo also defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB) for monitoring and managing the Transport Security Model for SNMP.
Statistically/computationally efficient frequency estimation (2003)

A frequency estimator for a single complex sinusoid in complex white Gaussian noise is proposed. The estimator is more computationally efficient that the optimal maximum-likelihood estimator yet attains as good performance at moderately high signal-to-noise ratios. Also, the estimator is shown to be related to the linear prediction estimator. This relationship is exploited to reveal why the linear prediction estimator does not attain the Cramer-Rao bound even at high signal-to-noise ratios.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Research status of replacement gases for SF6 in power industry (2020)

SF6 is widely used in the industrial field due to its stable structure and excellent properties. It is mainly used in electrical insulation equipment. Due to the boiling point of SF6, its use in extremely cold regions has been limited. It is harmful to the health of practitioners due to the toxicity of decomposition products. The gas has limited its wider use because of its strong greenhouse effect. As a result, researchers and electrical equipment manufacturing companies around the world are gradually searching for new environmentally friendly gases and have conducted research and exploration on theory and experiment. In this paper, the current status and existing problems of SF6 are summarized. The research contents and research methods of SF6 alternative gas direction are reviewed from the aspects of insulation performance, interrupter performance, and decomposition performance. The existing research results of the natural gas, SF6 mixed gas, perfluorocarbons, and CnFmX gas are summarized, and the future development trend of alternative gas for SF6 in the electrical industry is proposed.
The behavior of Taiwanese investors in asset allocation (2011)

Purpose – This paper aims to identify traits of Taiwanese investors that deviate from the typical rationale governing financial decisions, through the analysis of their asset preferences and investment criteria. It also highlights the post‐modern portfolio theory to address the behavior of Taiwanese investors found in our result and in other studies.
Detection and Reuse of the Produced Chemicals in Alkaline-Surfactant-Polymer Floods (2003)

Abstract Alkaline-Surfactant-Polymer (ASP) flood processes have been increasingly applied in the oil fields due to their high ultimate oil recovery. However, a major technical challenge is how to significantly reduce the amount and the cost of chemicals used such that ASP floods can become cost-effective as well. On the other hand, field applications show that the concentrations of alkali, surfactant and polymer remain relatively high in the produced fluids of ASP floods. Thus, successful detection and reuse of these chemicals can substantially reduce the capital cost and the environmental impact. In this paper, several methods are applied to detect each chemical and quantify its concentration in the produced fluids. Also re-injection of the produced chemicals is conducted for further enhancing oil recovery. More specifically, first, the total interactions of each chemical with the oil-brine-rock system are studied. With the developed detection techniques for each individual chemical used in ASP floods, the total loss of each chemical is measured. The chemical loss is caused by its chemical reactions with the crude oil and the reservoir brine, as well as its adsorption onto the rock surface. Secondly, coreflood tests are performed for alkaline floods, surfactant floods, alkaline-surfactant (AS) floods, and ASP floods to determine their respective tertiary oil recovery. Hence, a better understanding of how each chemical contributes to enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is achieved. Thirdly, typical chemical concentrations in the produced fluids are measured and compared with those in the injected slugs so as to determine the potential of reusing these chemicals in practice. The follow-up coreflood tests of reusing these produced chemicals are carried out by directly re-injecting the produced fluids. The test results show that the produced chemicals can still effectively enhance oil recovery by up to 19.7%. It is anticipated that the detection and reuse techniques studied in this work should facilitate the design, optimization and implementation of ASP flood projects.
A New Procedure for Determining Bond Orders in Polar Molecules, with Applications to Phosphorus and Nitrogen Containing Systems (2003)

This thesis introduces a newly discovered relationship between calculated values of the delocalization index and Lewis bond orders, for polar bonds. Using the methods of the Theory of Atoms in Molecules, properties of individual atoms - defined as regions of real space - can be calculated from numerical molecular wavefunctions. In addition to determining the number of electrons in an atom, and thus the atomic charge, one can also calculate the extent to which the charge density on a given atom is delocalized to the each of the other atoms in the molecule. This property is known as the de localization index. F or a non-polar bond (equal sharing of electrons), the delocalization index calculated from a Hartree-Fock wavefunction is found to correspond closely with the bond order predicted by the Lewis model of chemical bonding. The delocalization index decreases, however, as the bond polarity increases. The relationship between the decreasing delocalization index and the increasing atomic charges is quantified in this work. A simple quadratic relationship is observed between the delocalization index, 8(A,H) and the charge transfer, q(H), across the A-H bond in a series of hydrides, AHn • The same relationship, 5 = 1-q2, is shown to be derived from the Hartree-Fock expressions for the delocalization index and the atomic charges and can be generalized to more than one pair of electrons. The same derivation applies to two other definitions of bond order proposed by other workers. A method for employing these correlations, along with other calculated properties, to establish the Lewis bond order for a series of related molecules, with differently polarized bonds, is presented. The method is applied to seven series of phosphorus containing molecules and three series of nitrogen containing molecules. The octet rule is found to be more important for the nitrogen systems than for the phosphorus systems.
Optimal Online Two-Way Trading with Bounded Number of Transactions (2018)

We consider a two-way trading problem, where investors buy and sell a stock whose price moves within a certain range. Naturally they want to maximize their profit. Investors can perform up to k trades, where each trade must involve the full amount. We give optimal algorithms for three different models which differ in the knowledge of how the price fluctuates. In the first model, there are global minimum and maximum bounds m and M. We first show an optimal lower bound of $$\varphi $$ (where $$\varphi =M/m$$ ) on the competitive ratio for one trade, which is the bound achieved by trivial algorithms. Perhaps surprisingly, when we consider more than one trade, we can give a better algorithm that loses only a factor of $$\varphi ^{2/3}$$ (rather than $$\varphi $$ ) per additional trade. Specifically, for k trades the algorithm has competitive ratio $$\varphi ^{(2k+1)/3}$$ . Furthermore we show that this ratio is the best possible by giving a matching lower bound. In the second model, m and M are not known in advance, and just $$\varphi $$ is known. We show that this only costs us an extra factor of $$\varphi ^{1/3}$$ , i.e., both upper and lower bounds become $$\varphi ^{(2k+2)/3}$$ . Finally, we consider the bounded daily return model where instead of a global limit, the fluctuation from one day to the next is bounded, and again we give optimal algorithms, and interestingly one of them resembles common trading strategies that involve stop loss limits.
Elevational Spatial Compounding (1994)

Spatial compounding has long been explored to reduce coherent speckle noise in medical ultrasound. By laterally translating a one-dimensional array, partially correlated measurements made at different look directions can be obtained and incoherently averaged. The lateral resolution, however, is limited by the sub-array length used for each independent measurement. To reduce speckle contrast without compromising lateral resolution, a new spatial compounding technique using two-dimensional, anisotropic arrays is proposed. This technique obtains partially correlated measurements by steering the image plane elevationally with small inclinations. Incoherent averaging is then performed by adding image magnitudes. Therefore, contrast resolution is improved only at the price of a slightly wider elevational beam. Note that although anisotropic arrays have limited steering capability in elevation, grating lobes are not considered influential since only small inclinations are needed between measurements. Simulations have been performed to show both the change in spatial resolution and the improvement in contrast resolution. Results indicated minimal increase in the correlation length both laterally and axially. It was also shown that detectability can be significantly enhanced by increasing the number of measurements or increasing the differential inclination between measurements. This technique is therefore effective for reducing speckle noise while maintaining in-plane spatial resolution. Furthermore, it demonstrates a new application of two-dimensional anisotropic arrays in spite of their limited elevational steering capability.