gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preform index profiling (PIP) (1979)

An automatic and nondestructive focusing method to determine the refractive index distributions of optical fiber preforms is presented. The preform is immersed in index matching oil, and collimated light is passed transversely through it. The intensity distribution of the transmitted light is detected with a vidicon camera equipped with a low f-number lens focused just outside the core boundary. Recording and processing of the light distribution follow with the aid of a computer-controlled video-analysis system. The refractive index profile of the preform is computed from the intensity distribution, plotted, and fitted with a power-law curve within several minutes time. The repeatability of the index measurement is better than 1%, and excellent agreement is obtained with profiles determined interferometrically using slab samples from the tips of the same preforms.
On a realization for the unit lower triangular transform (1979)

The purpose of this communication is to introduce a novel realization for the unit lower triangular transform corresponding to a given positive definite correlation matrix. A brief discussion concerning the relevance of this realization to adaptive digital filtering is also included.
Glia-Induced Morphological Differentiation in Neuroblastoma Cells (1973)

Glial cells release a factor into their culture medium that induces a high degree of morphological differentiation in neuroblastoma cells under normal growth conditions. This phenomenon is not correlated with a change in intracellular adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate or in the rate of cell growth. Media from other cell lines tested induce less morphological differentiation or have no effect.
Solitary Vortex Pairs in Viscoelastic Couette Flow (1997)

We report experimental observation of a localized structure, which is of a new type for dissipative systems. It appears as a solitary vortex pair (``diwhirl'') in Couette flow with highly elastic polymer solutions. In contrast to the usual solitons the diwhirls are stationary. It is also a new object in fluid dynamics---a pair of vortices that build a single entity. The diwhirls arise as a result of a purely elastic instability through a hysteretic transition at negligible Reynolds numbers. It is suggested that the vortex flow is driven by the same forces that cause the Weissenberg effect.
H-2/myc, E mu/myc, and c-myc transgenic mice: potent sources of early hematopoietic cell lines. (1993)

Activation of the cellular c-myc oncogene appears to be linked to the development of malignancies in a variety of tissues, in particular, hematopoietic tumors. In an attempt to obtain cell lines corresponding to early stages of lymphoid differentiation, we have derived several strains of transgenic mice in which human c-myc genomic sequences were coupled to various regulatory sequences, H-2, E mu, and c-myc. The class I H-2Kb 5' region is active in most adult tissues; the activity of the enhancer E mu of the heavy chain immunoglobulin is restricted to lymphocytes; and the 2-kilobase-long c-myc 5' region has been shown by in vitro experiments to contain most of the sequences required for c-myc regulated expression. Regardless of the construct, H-2/myc, E mu/myc, or c-myc, the transgenes were mainly expressed in lymphoid tissues. However, the quantity of transgene mRNA differed markedly among the transgenic strains, thus providing a situation in which the level of c-myc expression could be correlated with tumor development. Several cell lines were derived and maintained by in vivo transplantation and/or in vitro cultures. All except two of the lines correspond to immature T- or B-lymphoblasts, as revealed both by fluorescence-activated cell sorting and Southern blot analysis; one cell line corresponds to a gamma delta T-cell population, and the other to a bipotential mixed lymphoid and myeloid tumor.
Searching for primitive roots in finite fields (1990)

Article Free Access Share on Searching for primitive roots in finite fields Author: V. Shoup AT&T Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, NJ AT&T Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, NJView Profile Authors Info & Claims STOC '90: Proceedings of the twenty-second annual ACM symposium on Theory of ComputingApril 1990 Pages 546–554https://doi.org/10.1145/100216.100293Online:01 April 1990Publication History 11citation662DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations11Total Downloads662Last 12 Months25Last 6 weeks2 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
ACQUIRED SPINAL CORD INJURY IN HUMAN FETUSES WITH MYELOMENINGOCELE (1996)

AbstractExperimental studies have shown that there is a potential to attempt in utero repair of myelomeningocele in human fetuses. To provide a better understanding of the pathology of these lesions we prospectively studied eight stillborn human fetuses with myelomeningocele autopsied at The Johns Hopkins Hospital. The intact vertebral column with surrounding structures was removed, processed as a single block, and prepared as serial histologic sections. Study of the slides showed in all cases that in the center of the myelomeningocele the vertebral arch was open, the arrangement of meninges was such that the dura mater was open and in continuity with the deep layers of the dermis, and the pia mater was open and in continuity with a layer consisting of the superficial dermis and the epidermis. These meningeal relationships created an abnormally configured arachnoid space containing cerebrospinal fluid ventral to the spinal cord, which rested on the open pia mater and was exposed on the dorsal aspect of the sac. At the level of the myelomeningocele the naked cord had undergone varying degrees of injury up to complete loss of neural tissue. Where ventral remnants of the cord remained it was evident that a large degree of normal development of the cord had occurred. In most instances it appeared that the injury or destruction of the dorsal spinal cord was recent and consistent with occurrence during delivery. The results of this study support the concept that in utero surgery could preserve and protect the exposed spinal cord in a myelomeningocele of a human fetus and thus could reduce the severity of the neurologic deficit at birth.Key Words: autopsybirth injurydysraphiafetal surgerymeningesmyelomeningocele
Residual Drag Torque on Magnetically Suspended Rotating Spheres (1972)

An almost quantitative explanation of the residual drag torque on freely spinning steel spheres in magnetic suspension is given by comparing previously published experimental data with theoretical results of Keith (1963). Accordingly, the residual drag torque is mainly caused by the earth's rotation. The associated decay ratio −ω̇/ω increases quite linearly with the rotor angular velocity ω. A distortion of the rotational symmetry of the supporting magnetic field enhances the decay ratio. This effect decreases with increasing rotor speed. The influences of rotor imperfections and of lateral rotor vibrations are also considered.
Microencapsulated<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>Column Bioreactor for Potential Use in Renal Failure Uremia (2012)

A novel bioreactor containing viable APA microencapsulated yeast cells was designed. Rat plasma was used for perfusion. Yeast cell loading and perfusion flow rate were studied to maximize urea removal. An increase in column loading from 25% to 100%, increased urea removal from 5.67 ± 1.34% to 30.45 ± 0.48%. An increase in flow rate from low to high, increased urea removal from 30.46% to 40.4%. At 100% column loading and high flow rate, the creatinine and phosphate concentrations decreased by 22% and 10%, respectively, while ammonia concentrations increased by 58.9% (p < 0.05). Our in-vitro perfusion study demonstrates that microencapsulated yeast cells can remove urea efficiently.
An Automated Procedure for On-Line Measurement of Spherical-Aberration Coefficient of High-Resolution Electron Microscopes (1996)

Spherical aberration coefficient (Cs) of the objective lens and electron wavelength ultimately determine the point-resolution of a high resolution electron microscope (HREM). Accurate measurement of Cs has become increasingly critical for reconstruction of structural information well beyond the point-resolution by means of either electron holography or focal series methods with a field emission gun (FEG) microscope. There are two main existing procedures for Cs measurement, i.e. (1) using diffractograms from a thin amorphous material, and (2) using beam-tilt-induced image displacement (BID). Since these procedures generally involve intensive data measurement, it is highly desirable to have an automated procedure. With an image pickup system such as CCD camera and appropriate software, we have developed an automated procedure for on-line Cs measurement. The procedure is based on analyzing diffractograms from a thin amorphous material such as amorphous carbon or germanium. The use of CCD camera allows for on-line measurement, and also for magnification to be calibrated with high precision, which is critical in Cs measurement.
Consequences of MEGF10 deficiency on myoblast function and Notch1 interactions (2017)

Mutations in MEGF10 cause early onset myopathy, areflexia, respiratory distress, and dysphagia (EMARDD), a rare congenital muscle disease, but the pathogenic mechanisms remain largely unknown. We demonstrate that short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated knockdown of Megf10, as well as overexpression of the pathogenic human p.C774R mutation, leads to impaired proliferation and migration of C2C12 cells. Myoblasts from Megf10-/- mice and Megf10-/-/mdx double knockout (dko) mice also show impaired proliferation and migration compared to myoblasts from wild type and mdx mice, whereas the dko mice show histological abnormalities that are not observed in either single mutant mouse. Cell proliferation and migration are known to be regulated by the Notch receptor, which plays an essential role in myogenesis. Reciprocal co-immunoprecipitation studies show that Megf10 and Notch1 interact via their respective intracellular domains. These interactions are impaired by the pathogenic p.C774R mutation. Megf10 regulation of myoblast function appears to be mediated at least in part via interactions with key components of the Notch signaling pathway, and defects in these interactions may contribute to the pathogenesis of EMARDD.
Investigating Geophysical Technologies to Characterize Pore Geometric Properties Controlling Containment Mass Transport in Fractured Rock (2015)

Contaminated fractured rock aquifers pose unique challenges that limit the effectiveness of enhanced remediation strategies. The efficiency of targeted amendment injections is limited by the slow diffusion of aqueous phase contaminants into the low-permeability rock matrix between fractures or near dead-end fractures. Understanding the distribution of physical properties controlling this fine scale distribution of contaminant mass away from fractures, and how this mass changes in response to remediation efforts, is critical for improving remediation in fractured rock. We have investigated the measurements of two geophysical methods, (1) complex resistivity (CR), and (2) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), to define key transport characteristics at two sites contaminated with chlorinated ethenes for several decades. Each distinct fractured rock environment has been part of the G360 Institute research program on the behavior of chlorinated solvents in fractured rock since 1997 and 2003. One site is an interbedded sandstone, siltstone and shale sequence of marine turbidite origin that has been uplifted and faulted in a tectonically active area in southern California, and the other site has horizontally bedded sandstone, siltstone and dolostones located in south-central Wisconsin. The spectral polarization responses measured from CR and the T2 relaxation times measured from borehole NMR show sensitivity to pore size distribution, surface area and air permeability from numerous depth-discrete rock core samples selected to represent the variability observed in continuous core logs. We demonstrate how borehole geophysical measurements might be used to estimate mass transfer rates local to fractures controlling fluid flow by minimizing the need to measure these properties on numerous core samples in the laboratory.
First-principles study of Zn- and Se-stabilized ZnSe(100) surface reconstructions (1994)

We have carried out first-principles pseudopotential calculations to study the formation energies of various ZnSe(100) surface reconstructions. Both Zn- and Se-terminated models are treated, using as a guide the satisfaction of the electron counting rule (i.e., charge compensation at the surface by the filling of all the Se dangling bonds and the emptying of the Zn dangling bonds). In order to treat structures with different stoichiometries, we determine the surface energy as a function of the Zn chemical potential, which is allowed to vary in a range determined by the energies of bulk Zn, Se, and ZnSe. A c(2×2) reconstruction with half-monolayer coverage of twofold coordinated Zn atoms is stable in the Zn-rich limit. Under moderately Se-rich conditions, the surface adopts a (2×1) Se-dimer phase. In the extreme Se-rich limit we predict the stability of a reconstruction with one and a half monolayer coverage of Se. The new structure can account for the high growth rates observed in atomic layer epitaxy and migration enhanced epitaxy experiments at relatively low temperatures.
Rapid Diagnosis of Mycobacterial Cervical Adenitis Using Auramine O Stain (2004)

Objectives: Mycobacterial infection is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases worldwide and commonly presents as cervical adenitis. Current methods in diagnosing mycobacterial cervical adenitis (MCA) employ Ziehl-Neelsen stain followed by cultures. The former is a sensitive but time-consuming method, while the latter requires weeks before results become available. Independent studies have found the Auramine O (AO) stain effective in diagnosing mycobacterial infection in respiratory specimens. As clinicians are challenged to identify causes of neck masses in a cost-effective manner, we hypothesize that AO staining of fine needle aspirates is a sensitive and rapid tool for detecting mycobacteria. Methods: Nineteen patients with the presumed clinical diagnosis of MCA received fine needle aspiration of their neck masses. These cytologic smears were processed with the AO stain and examined under fluorescence microscopy. Corresponding cultures were submitted. Patients' presenting symptoms, use of anti-mycobacterial medications, AO staining results, and culture results were analyzed. Results: Sixteen of the 19 patients presented with no systemic symptoms. Mycobacteria were identified in 16 of 19 AO-stained fine needle aspirates, with results available within four hours. Corresponding cultures confirmed the AO-positive diagnosis in 12 patients, 8 tuberculous and 4 nontuberculous, and grew mycobacterium tuberculosis from the 3 AO-negative specimens. The 4 patients with negative cultures had previously taken antimycobacterial medications. Conclusion: The AO stain with fluorescence microscopy, in comparison to the conventional Ziehl-Neelsen stain, is a more sensitive and rapid method for identifying tuberculous and nontuberculous mycobacteria. It is a valuable tool for the otolaryngologists and pathologists in the diagnosis of MCA.
Compatible laser emission and optical waveguide modulation at 1.5 μm using Wannier–Stark localization (1992)

We investigate the electroabsorption properties of an InGaAs-InAlAs superlattice optical waveguide. When reverse biased, the structure exhibits large extinction ratios over short waveguide lengths with very low drive voltages by using low-energy oblique transitions below the superlattice band gap. Although the structure has been optimized for modulation, laser emission is observed under forward bias. The peak emission wavelength stands in the ‘‘blue-shift’’ region which opens a way to straightforward laser-modulator monolithic integration.
Object-oriented Matlab adaptive optics toolbox (2014)

Object-Oriented Matlab Adaptive Optics (OOMAO) is a Matlab toolbox dedicated to Adaptive Optics (AO) systems. OOMAO is based on a small set of classes representing the source, atmosphere, telescope, wavefront sensor, Deformable Mirror (DM) and an imager of an AO system. This simple set of classes allows simulating Natural Guide Star (NGS) and Laser Guide Star (LGS) Single Conjugate AO (SCAO) and tomography AO systems on telescopes up to the size of the Extremely Large Telescopes (ELT). The discrete phase screens that make the atmosphere model can be of infinite size, useful for modeling system performance on large time scales. OOMAO comes with its own parametric influence function model to emulate different types of DMs. The cone effect, altitude thickness and intensity profile of LGSs are also reproduced. Both modal and zonal modeling approach are implemented. OOMAO has also an extensive library of theoretical expressions to evaluate the statistical properties of turbulence wavefronts. The main design characteristics of the OOMAO toolbox are object-oriented modularity, vectorized code and transparent parallel computing. OOMAO has been used to simulate and to design the Multi-Object AO prototype Raven at the Subaru telescope and the Laser Tomography AO system of the Giant Magellan Telescope. In this paper, a Laser Tomography AO system on an ELT is simulated with OOMAO. In the first part, we set-up the class parameters and we link the instantiated objects to create the source optical path. Then we build the tomographic reconstructor and write the script for the pseudo-open-loop controller.
Long-term seafloor tidal gravity and pressure observations in the North Sea: Testing and validation of a theoretical tidal model (2008)

Abstract Seafloor gravity and pressure measurements for 4D reservoir monitoring require precise models of the time-varying tidal signals. Current seafloor instrumentation can resolve 0.003mGal in time-lapse gravity differences and 0.05kPa(5mm) in pressure. To verify model accuracy, a seafloor gravimeter and pressure gauge were operated continuously for 446days next to the Troll A gas platform in the North Sea (60.64227° north, 3.72417° east) at a depth of 303m. The seafloor gravity and pressure time series were filtered and corrected with estimates from the tidal model, which predicts the solid earth tide, ocean loading, and direct gravitational attraction of the varying water level. The rms difference between the observed tidal gravity signal and the prediction is about 0.0013mGal during periods when there are no surface storms. A slight difference is observed for the direct attraction of the water overhead as computed from the tidal prediction versus that computed from direct seafloor pressure measurements when the entire 446-day record is analyzed; it shows an rms difference of 0.708kPa, equivalent to 7cm of water-height variation, yielding a gravity effect of 0.003mGal. We conclude that existing theoretical tide models in combination with in situ pressure records are sufficiently precise for correcting time-lapse gravity observations.
Water-in-oil droplet-based microfluidic system for enzymatic studies, coupled to off-chip electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (2012)

Droplet-based microfluidic systems coupled to electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry (MS) has a number of advantages for the study of enzyme kinetics: minimal reagent consumption, a well-defined reaction time control, and label-free and multiplex detection analysis. However, most studies have been dependent on ESI sources integrated on chips, which can be a challenge for practical application. Here, we report a simple trick for coupling of a standard ESI source to a droplet-based microfluidic chip that can also be made with standard techniques. With the new coupling, we demonstrated a label-free kinetic analysis of an enzymatic reaction in 50 nL droplets.
Transformation of Stöber Silica Spheres to Hollow Nanocatalysts (2020)

Abstract The discovery of silica spheres by Werner Stöber and his team (known as Stöber silica) has been instrumental to many technological fields such as hollow materials research. Recent research endeavors on (physical and chemical) transformation of Stöber silica have specifically opened up a new horizon in this domain, especially in catalysis science and catalyst technology. Deliberate introduction of working spaces into Stöber silica via such transformations is regarded as a meaningful methodology toward fabrication of highly confined hollow nanostructures in the form of “reactor‐like nanocatalysts” or “catalyst‐like nanoreactors” . More importantly, advanced catalytic devices with well‐defined size, shape, composition, and hollowness could be obtained by these viable approaches. Concerning the further research, the present minireview gives an overview on recent advances about the synthesis and applications of hollow nanocatalysts derived from Stöber silica spheres. Firstly, we will provide the gist of current status of hollow materials research. Secondly, applicable methods for transformation of Stöber silica spheres to hollow nanostructures and hollow nanocatalysts will be elaborated. The stability and durability of SiO 2 ‐based hollow constructs will also be elucidated. Subsequently, research snapshots of Stöber SiO 2 ‐derived hollow nanostructures and their applicability mainly for catalytic purposes, from our research group and literature, will be discussed. Our personal perspectives on promising research opportunities and challenges in this field will also be given at the end.
Modulating Modulation: Crosstalk Between Regulatory Pathways of Presynaptic Calcium Channels (2002)

The activity of some voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) can be inhibited by specific G protein beta subunits. Conversely, in the case of N-type VGCCs, protein kinase C can relieve Gbeta-dependent inhibition by phosphorylating at least one specific site on the calcium channel. A recent publication describes a newly identified method of intracellular regulation of specific VGCCs. Wu et al. have uncovered that VGCC activity can be regulated by phosphatidylinositol-4',5'-bisphosphate (PIP2). Whereas PIP2 is important for maintaining the activity (open state) of Cav2.1 (N-type) and Cav2.2 (P/Q-type) channels, the enzymatic breakdown of PIP2 leads to the inactivation of these channels. Additionally, PIP2 can cause changes in voltage-dependent activation of Cav2.2 (P/Q-type) channels that make it more difficult for these channels to open (from the closed state). Furthermore, protein kinase A activity can circumvent PIP2-mediated inhibition. Thus, the PIP2-mediated regulation of VGCCs is tightly controlled by the functions of kinases (and phosphatases), as well as phospholipases. Wu et al. stress that because PIP2 can be found at synapses, PIP2-dependent control of VGCCs "could have profound consequences on synaptic transmission and plasticity."
Temperature and composition dependence of the absorption and refraction of Mg-doped congruent and stoichiometric LiNbO3 in the THz range (2005)

Absorption coefficient and index of refraction of Mg-doped LiNbÜ3 crystals with different compositions are determined in the 30 - 200 cm-1 frequency range. Stochiometric LiNbO3 has smaller absorption and index of refraction than congruent samples.
CATECHOLBORANE IN ORGANIC SYNTHESIS. A REVIEW (1977)

(1977). CATECHOLBORANE IN ORGANIC SYNTHESIS. A REVIEW. Organic Preparations and Procedures International: Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 131-147.