gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Disease Severity Correlates with Thrombotic Capacity in Experimental Nephrotic Syndrome (2015)

Thrombotic disease, a major life-threatening complication of nephrotic syndrome, has been associated with proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia severity. However, it is not fully understood how disease severity correlates with severity of the acquired hypercoagulopathy of nephrotic syndrome. Without this knowledge, the utility of proteinuria and/or hypoalbuminemia as biomarkers of thrombotic risk remains limited. Here, we show that two well established ex vivo hypercoagulopathy assays, thrombin generation and rotational thromboelastometry, are highly correlated with proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia in the puromycin aminonucleoside and adriamycin rat models of nephrotic syndrome. Notably, in the puromycin aminonucleoside model, hyperfibrinogenemia and antithrombin deficiency were also correlated with proteinuria severity, consistent with reports in human nephrotic syndrome. Importantly, although coagulation was not spontaneously activated in vivo with increasing proteinuria, vascular injury induced a more robust thrombotic response in nephrotic animals. In conclusion, hypercoagulopathy is highly correlated with nephrotic disease severity, but overt thrombosis may require an initiating insult, such as vascular injury. Our results suggest that proteinuria and/or hypoalbuminemia could be developed as clinically meaningful surrogate biomarkers of hypercoagulopathy to identify patients with nephrotic syndrome at highest risk for thrombotic disease and potentially target them for anticoagulant pharmacoprophylaxis.
Exploring and expanding the continuum of OIT algorithms (2016)

Order independent transparency (OIT) proves challenging for modern rasterization-based renderers. Rendering without transparency can limit the quality of visual effects, so researchers have proposed various algorithms enabling and approximating OIT. Unfortunately, this work generally has restrictions limiting its applicability.To identify directions for improvement, we performed an in-depth categorization of existing transparency techniques and placed them on a multi-dimensional continuum. This categorization shows how prior published techniques relate to each other and highlights unexposed parts of the continuum where further research may prove beneficial. We also describe two new OIT algorithms that occupy previously unexplored regions of this continuum.These novel algorithms include stochastic layered alpha blending (SLAB), which provides a parameter to explicitly transition along the continuum between stochastic transparency and k-buffers, and multi-layered coverage blending (MLCB), which explicitly decorrelates visibility and opacity in multi-layered alpha blending.
Chondrogenic Potential of Pellet Culture Compared to High-Density Culture on a Bacterial Cellulose Hydrogel (2020)

Cell-based approaches of cartilage lesions use different culture systems to obtain optimal cell quality. Pellet cultures with high cellular density (HD) are the gold standard to keep chondrocytes in a differentiated stage. Bacterial cellulose (BC) hydrogel is discussed to prevent cellular aging and dedifferentiation. The hypothesis of this study was that HD culture on BC hydrogel (HD hydrogel) might reach the chondrogenic potential of pellet culture (pellet). Human articular osteoarthritic (OA) and non-osteoarthritic (non-OA) chondrocytes were cultured for seven days within pellets and compared to HD hydrogel and HD polystyrene. Gene expression analysis and histological assessment were performed. We observed no significant change of <i>COL2A1</i> expression by the culture system (pellet, HD hydrogel and HD polystyrene) but a significant change of <i>COL2A1/COL1A1</i>-ratio, with the highest ratio in pellets. Chondrocytes on HD hydrogel showed an elevated expression of <i>MMP13</i> and on polystyrene an increased expression of <i>COL1A1</i> and <i>MMP13</i>. The patterns of gene expression changes observed in OA and non-OA chondrocytes in reaction to the different culture systems were similar in those two cell groups. Pellet cultures moreover formed a histomorphologically superior neocartilage. Concluding, human chondrocytes kept the potential to express <i>COL2A1</i> in all HD culture systems. However, pellets excelled in a higher <i>COL2A1/COL1A1</i>-ratio, a higher extracellular matrix deposit and in not developing degeneration and dedifferentiation markers. This underlines the superiority of pellet culture in maintaining the chondrogenic potential of human chondrocytes in vitro.
Mapping Non–Class II H2-Linked Loci for Type 1 Diabetes in Nonobese Diabetic Mice (2004)

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) plays a largely predominant role in the genetic predisposition to type 1 diabetes, in both humans and rodents. While class II loci have long been recognized as essential, they do not fully explain the MHC-linked genetic component of type 1 diabetes. In the present study, using new NOD congenic strains harboring defined chromosomal segments from C57BL/6 mice, we circumscribed three distinct loci influencing murine type 1 diabetes and tightly linked to but separated from the class II region. Our findings might guide the search for additional HLA-linked loci in human type 1 diabetes.
Nucleotide sequence at the junction between the coding region of the adenovirus 2 hexon messenger RNA and its leader sequence. (1978)

We have determined a 139-base-pair sequence of adenovirus 2 DNA that is located immediately leftwards of the cleavage site for endonuclease Sma I at position 51.1. The established sequence includes the hexon AUG initiator codon, located 75--77 nucleotides leftwards of this cleavage site, and codons for the first 26 amino acids of the hexon polypeptide. By the use of purified hexon mRNA as a template and separated strands of small restriction enzyme fragments as specific primers, the complete 5' noncoding region of the hexon mRNA was synthesized and part of its sequence was determined. The tripartite leader sequence of the hexon mRNA starts 39 nucleotides upstream from the initiator AUG triplet and the total length of the 5' noncoding part of the hexon mRNA was estimated to be 235 nucleotides. The sequence at the junction of the leader sequence permits the formation of secondary structures that may be of importance for the splicing reaction.
Microvascular oxygen tension in the rat mesentery (2007)

Longitudinal Po(2) profiles in the microvasculature of the rat mesentery were studied using a novel phosphorescence quenching microscopy technique that minimizes the accumulated photoconsumption of oxygen by the method. Intravascular oxygen tension (Po(2), in mmHg) and vessel diameter (d, in microm) were measured in mesenteric microvessels (n = 204) of seven anesthetized rats (275 g). The excitation parameters were as follows: 7 x 7-microm spot size; 410 nm laser; and 100 curves at 11 pulses/s, with pulse parameters of 2-micros duration and 80-pJ/microm(2) energy density. The mean Po(2) (+/- SE) was 65.0 +/- 1.4 mmHg (n = 78) for arterioles (d = 18.8 +/- 0.7 microm), 62.1 +/- 2.0 mmHg (n = 38) at the arteriolar end of capillaries (d = 7.8 +/- 0.3 microm), and 52.0 +/- 1.0 mmHg (n = 88) for venules (d = 22.5 +/- 1.0 microm). There was no apparent dependence of Po(2) on d in arterioles and venules. There were also no significant deviations in Po(2) based on d (bin width, 5 microm) from the general mean for both of these types of vessels. Results indicate that the primary site of oxygen delivery to tissue is located between the smallest arterioles and venules (change of 16.3 mmHg, P = 0.001). In conclusion, oxygen losses from mesenteric arterioles and venules are negligible, indicating low metabolic rates for both the vascular wall and the mesenteric tissue. Capillaries appear to be the primary site of oxygen delivery to the tissue in the mesenteric microcirculation. In light of the present results, previously reported data concerning oxygen consumption in the mesenteric microcirculation can be explained as artifacts of accumulated oxygen consumption due to the application of instrumentation having a large excitation area for Po(2) measurements in slow moving and stationary media.
Bilattices in logic programming (2002)

Bilattices are a family of multiple-valued logics. Those meeting certain natural conditions have provided the basis for the semantics of a family of logic programming languages. Consideration is given to further restrictions on bilattices in order to narrow things down to logic programming languages that can, at least in principle, be implemented. Appropriate bilattice background information is presented, so the work is relatively self-contained. The backgrounds of logic programming and bilattices are given. Logic programming syntax is discussed, along with fixpoint semantics. Smullyan-style propositional rules are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Properties and applications of pyrethroids. (1976)

Improved understanding of the factors determining the insecticidal activity, the mammalian toxicity, and the stability in air and light of natural and synthetic pyrethroids has led to a series of new compounds with a very favorable combination of properties. Their characteristics include outstanding potency to insects, low toxicity to mammals associated with rapid metabolic breakdown and, in appropriate cases, adequate stability on plant surfaces even in bright sunlight. Initial tests indicate that even the more stable compounds are degraded rapidly in soil, so if the trials at present in progress reveal no toxicological or environmental hazards, within a few years synthetic pyrethroids should be available to control a wide range of domestic, veterinary, horticultural, agricultural, and forest pests at low rates of application.
Chain Multiplication of Dense Matrices: Proposing a Shared Memory based Parallel Algorithm (2012)

Chain multiplication of matrices is widely used for scientific computing. It becomes more challenging when there is large number of floating point dense matrices. Because, floating point operations take more time than integer operations. It would be interesting to lower the time of such chain operations. Now-a-days every multicore processor system has built in parallel computational power. This power can only be utilized when compatible parallel algorithms were used. So, in this work, a shared memory based parallel algorithms has been proposed to compute the multiplication of a long sequence of dense matrices. The algorithms have been tested with long sequence of matrices as input. The approach has been with 210 8 flops. The input matrix sequence length was typically varied from 2 to 30. Maximum number of processors used was eight (Eight core processor). Different parameters like speedup, efficiency etc. were also noted. It was concluded that the parallel algorithms could achieve approximately 90% efficiency at best case. The algorithms also showed improved scalability.
Control of chaos from a piecewise linear hysteresis circuit (1995)

This paper proposes a simple control method of chaos from a piecewise linear hysteresis circuit. We can derive one dimensional return map rigorously from the circuit. It enables us to prove chaos generation and to calculate the initial value for the desired unstable periodic orbit (UPO). The control method uses occasional proportional feedback in each linear region and must stabilize the desired UPO in a theoretical sense. The robustness of the control method is verified by laboratory experiment.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Crystallization in a Mixture of Solvents by Using a Crystal Modifier: Morphology Control in the Synthesis of Highly Monodisperse CaCO<sub>3</sub> Microspheres (2006)

It's under control: In the presence of an artificial double-hydrophilic block copolymer, poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(L-glutamic acid), highly monodisperse vaterite microspheres crystallize from a mixture of N,N-dimethylformamide and water (see picture). Varying the ratio of the solvents can control the morphology of the CaCO3 crystals. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2006/z600029_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Dravet syndrome: From electroclinical characteristics to molecular biology (2009)

The onset of Dravet syndrome typically occurs within the first year, with prolonged, generalized, or unilateral clonic seizures triggered by fever. In the early stages, other types of refractory seizures usually present that include myoclonic seizures, atypical absences, and partial seizures. Electroencephalography (EEG) findings are not pathognomonic, and signs of cognitive arrest or deterioration progressively appear. In contrast, in adults, myoclonic seizures, atypical absences, and focal seizures tend to disappear, and short tonic-clonic seizures, often associating a focal component, persist particularly during sleep. The sensitivity to fever persists into adulthood, and although mental deterioration occurs in infancy, usually leaving patients with severe mental impairment, further deterioration does not occur. The identification of genes associated with Dravet syndrome and related syndromes hints at the complexity of the etiology of such epilepsies. Identifying SCN1A mutations has become useful as a means to support an early diagnosis of Dravet syndrome, to benefit counseling, and to avoid use of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) that may have adverse effects. However, the defining characteristics of seizure type and EEG patterns initially identified by Dravet remain fundamental to diagnosis.
Thirty Years of Clinical Pathology (1983)

私は臨床病理学に従事して以来30余年を経過し, 順天堂大学に勤務して22年を経た. 最初臨床細菌学の研究から始め, 臨床細菌学が一貫して私の主な研究領域となったが, その間の研究内容を, 教室関係者のそれも含めてその概要を述べた. ついで私の眼で見たわが国の臨床病理学の進歩の模様を, 教室関係者の業績を中心として概観した. そして今後早急に解決すべき臨床病理学の課題にふれた.
Review: Old Fields: Dynamics and Restoration of Abandoned Farmland (2009)

Review: Old Fields: Dynamics and Restoration of Abandoned Farmland Viki A. Cramer and Richard J. Hobbs (Eds.) Cramer, Viki A. and Richard J. Hobbs (Eds.). Old Fields: Dynamics and Restoration of Abandoned Farmland. Washington, D.C.: Island Press, 2007. 334 pp. ISBN 1597260754. US$40.00, paper. Recycled, acid free paper. The editors of Old Fields compiled what is first international synthesis of research on dynamics of land abandonment, whether it is former cropland, pasturage, or tree plantations. This alone makes it a laudable achievement. Both editors, Viki A. Cramer and Richard J. Hobbs, are affiliated with Murdoch University in Western Australia. Cramer is an ecologist in School of Environmental Science where she teaches environmental restoration while Richard J. Hobbs is a fellow both there and at Australian Academy of Science and serves as editor-in-chief of journal Restoration Ecology. Together, in first two chapters, they offer an overview of body of work to date and outline theoretical principles based on them. The case studies follow. Questions raised deal with worldwide process of land abandonment and whether or not predictable patterns arise regardless of location. The post abandonment questions reckon with whether or not dynamics of plant succession that follow once cultivated landscapes are peculiar to locale or exhibit recognizable patterns globally. Why must these processes be investigated? Because understanding abandonment and post abandonment dynamics powerfully influence restoration ecology decisions. It is a useful work for scientists, practitioners and students of ecology. The interested generalist should await further synthesizing and a less technical approach. Cramer and Hobbs remind us that land abandonment is nothing new in human history. But most recent version of it since records have been kept is instructive. The eastern U.S. became the first region [on planet] to experience significant abandonment of cropland from 1870 onward (p. 3-5). The modern day experience in land abandonment has several causes. Among them are shifts in demand for commodities in world market that make a once intensely cultivated crop unprofitable; population explosions requiring human habitat development of former agricultural properties; intermittent environmental cataclysms like long term droughts; and long term abuses in production practices that led to catastrophes like deforestation. …
New family of nematic liquid crystals for displays (1973)

New organic compounds of positive dielectric anisotropy giving nematic liquid crystals at room temperature, either as the pure compounds or in admixture, are described. These materials are of improved stability, and function well in electro-optical devices based on the twisted-nematic or cholesteric-nematic phase-change effects.
Pathogenesis of Thoracic and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms (2006)

The major disease processes affecting the aorta are aortic aneurysms and dissections. Aneurysms are usually described in terms of their anatomic location, with thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs) involving the ascending and descending aorta in the thoracic cavity and abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) involving the infrarenal abdominal aorta. Both thoracic and abdominal aortas are elastic arteries, and share similarities in their physical structures and cellular components. However, thoracic and abdominal aortas differ in their biochemical properties and the origin of their vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). These similarities and differences between thoracic and abdominal aortas provide the basis for the various pathologic mechanisms observed in this disease. This review focuses on the comparison of the pathologic mechanisms involved in TAA and AAA.
Laquinimod Inhibits Inflammation-Induced Angiogenesis in the Cornea (2020)

<b>Background:</b> Inflammation-induced angiogenesis plays a critical role in many eye diseases, and abnormal angiogenesis inhibition is regarded as a therapeutic approach. Here, we examined the effects of laquinimod on inflammatory corneal angiogenesis. <b>Methods:</b> Mouse model of corneal neovascularization was induced by NaOH. Laquinimod or control vehicle were topically applied to alkali-treated eyes twice a day for 10 days. Corneal neovascularization, infiltrating inflammatory cells, and the levels of chemokines, pro-inflammatory cytokines were assessed. RAW cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells were used <i>in vitro</i> to further explore the underlying mechanisms of the effects of laquinimod on inflammation-induced angiogenesis. <b>Results:</b> Topical administration of laquinimod to the injured corneas dramatically inhibited alkali-induced corneal neovascularization and decreased inflammatory cell (such as macrophage) infiltration in a corneal injury mouse model. Laquinimod significantly downregulated the expression of chemokines (monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and macrophage inflammatory protein-1), pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-alpha), vascular endothelial growth factor, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing C-terminal caspase-recruitment domain adaptor protein in both injured corneas and RAW cells. <i>In vitro</i>, laquinimod also dramatically inhibited the proliferation, migration and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. <b>Conclusion:</b> Laquinimod inhibits inflammation-induced angiogenesis in the cornea. These results suggest that laquinimod is a potential new therapeutic option for corneal neovascularization and other angiogenesis-associated diseases.
Intrusion detection techniques for mobile cloud computing in heterogeneous 5G (2015)

Mobile cloud computing is applied in multiple industries to obtain cloud-based services by leveraging mobile technologies. With the development of the wireless networks, defending threats from wireless communications have been playing a remarkable role in the Web security domain. Intrusion detection system IDS is an efficient approach for protecting wireless communications in the Fifth Generation 5G context. In this paper, we identify and summarize the main techniques being implemented in IDSs and mobile cloud computing with an analysis of the challenges for each technique. Addressing the security issue, we propose a higher level framework of implementing secure mobile cloud computing by adopting IDS techniques for applying mobile cloud-based solutions in 5G networks. On the basis of the reviews and synthesis, we conclude that the implementation of mobile cloud computing can be secured by the proposed framework because it will provide well-protected Web services and adaptable IDSs in the complicated heterogeneous 5G environment. Copyright © 2015John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Investigating a mixed-initiative dialogue management strategy (2002)

This paper discusses how to design mixed-initiative spoken dialogues with only a partial recognition of the user utterances (recognition of concepts or phrase spotting). The objective is to investigate the potential of such a technique and in particular to develop a corresponding dialogue model. The work has been carried out within the ESPRIT OVID project, which addressed a voice controlled home banking task. A number of experiments have been carried out within the project and the paper discusses the results of these. A mixed-initiative dialogue management model has been developed and implemented, and the experiments have shown that users to a very high degree are able to grab the initiative at natural points in the dialogue.
Collaborative computational steering: Principles and application in HVAC layout (2006)

In this article, we present the Collaborative Computational Steering platform CoCoS. It enables geographically distributed engineers to use steerable simulation and analysis facilities during a collaborative design session. The environment is based o
Amateur football in England, 1948–63: The Pegasus phenomenon (2000)

(2000). Amateur football in England, 1948–63: The Pegasus phenomenon. Contemporary British History: Vol. 14, Amateurs and Professionals in Post-War British Sport, pp. 1-30.
Add-Back Therapy: Extending Safety and Efficacy of GnRH Analogues in the Gynecologic Patient (1998)

GnRH analogues have been demonstrated to be effective medical therapy for symptomatic endometriosis. The use of these agents has been limited to 6 months due to hypoestrogenic side effects. A variety of steroidal and nonsteroidal add-back regimens have been used in an effort to eliminate such side effects while maintaining efficacy in order to enhance compliance, safety and duration such side effects while maintaining efficacy in order to enhance compliance, safety and duration of administration of these agents. Only 3 regimens have been shown to be efficacious in prolonging analogue use beyond 6 months by reducing vasomotor symptoms as well as preventing significant bone mineral density loss. These include daily norethindrone acetate 5 mg alone or in conjunction with conjugated equine estrogens 0.625 mg daily, as well as norethindrone 2.5 mg daily in conjunction with an organic bisphosphonate. With further investigation, such regimens may allow safe prolongation of GnRH analogue use without sacrificing efficacy in those endometriosis patients with severe pelvic pain.