gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photoinduced Electron Transfer in Porphyrin−Quinone End-Capped Poly(methacrylic acid). 1. Photophysical Studies (1996)

Photoinduced electron transfer from porphyrin (P) to benzoquinone (Q) moieties covalently attached to poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) chain ends was studied. The effect of polymer chain length, pH, and ionic strength of the aqueous polymer solution on the rate constant of charge separation was determined.
Immobilization of plasminogen on<i>Escherichia coli</i>flagella (1993)

The interaction of plasminogen with flagella of Escherichia coli was investigated. Plasminogen bound to flagella purified from E. coli LE392, a commonly used cloning host, and E. coli IH3069, an O25H1 strain isolated from a case of newborn bacteremia. The binding was inhibited by the lysine analog epsilon-aminocaproic acid, suggesting involvement of the lysine-binding Kringle domains of plasminogen in the binding. Purified flagella enhanced the formation of plasmin activity in the presence of tissue-type plasminogen activator; a similar enhancement was observed with flagella-expressing LE392 cells.
ON A HIERARCHY OF APPROXIMATE MODELS FOR FLOWS OF INCOMPRESSIBLE FLUIDS THROUGH POROUS SOLIDS (2007)

The celebrated equations due to Fick and Darcy are approximations that can be obtained systematically on the basis of numerous assumptions within the context of mixture theory; the equations however not having been developed in such a manner by Fick or Darcy. Relaxing the assumptions made in deriving these equations via mixture theory selectively leads to a hierarchy of mathematical models and it can be shown that popular models due to Brinkman, Biot and many others can be obtained via various approximations. It is shown that a variety of other generalizations are possible in addition to those that are currently in favor, and these might be appropriate for describing interesting technological applications.
CARE OF GUILLAIN-BARRé SYNDROME AFTER ICU DISCHARGE (2014)

Respiratory insufficiency occurs in 25% of patients with GBS and major complications are common. In the UK, the mortality rate in ICU is 7.7% but the in-hospital mortality rate after ICU step-down is 16.7%. The cause of this alarmingly high rate is unclear but delayed weaning and long-term ventilatory support are critical to outcome. We present a review of 20 patients managed in a tertiary referral centre over 12 years. The mean age of patients was 59.3 years with a marked male predominance. All had tracheostomy at the time of transfer. The duration of mechanical ventilation between the onset and the time of transfer varied between 45–489 days. The time from admission to decanulation varied from 1–118 days. 19 patients were successfully weaned from invasive ventilatory support, 5 required non-invasive (NIV) nocturnal support for 10–225 days, one has continued to use ongoing nocturnal NIV and one patient died. 19 patients were successfully discharged. This series argues that the ongoing care of patients with GBS who have been discharge from ICU requires meticulous and specialised expertise. Failure to provide such support may account for the disturbingly high UK mortality after discharge from intensive care.
Solving (Almost) all Systems of Random Quadratic Equations (2017)

This paper deals with finding an $n$-dimensional solution $\bm{x}$ to a system of quadratic equations $y_i=|\langle\bm{a}_i,\bm{x}\rangle|^2$, $1\le i \le m$, which in general is known to be NP-hard. We put forth a novel procedure, that starts with a \emph{weighted maximal correlation initialization} obtainable with a few power iterations, followed by successive refinements based on \emph{iteratively reweighted gradient-type iterations}. The novel techniques distinguish themselves from prior works by the inclusion of a fresh (re)weighting regularization. For certain random measurement models, the proposed procedure returns the true solution $\bm{x}$ with high probability in time proportional to reading the data $\{(\bm{a}_i;y_i)\}_{1\le i \le m}$, provided that the number $m$ of equations is some constant $c > 0$ times the number $n$ of unknowns, namely, $m\ge cn$. Empirically, the upshots of this contribution are: i) perfect signal recovery in the high-dimensional regime given only an information-theoretic limit number of equations; and, ii) near-optimal statistical accuracy in the presence of additive noise. Extensive numerical tests using both synthetic data and real images corroborate its improved signal recovery performance and computational efficiency relative to state-of-the-art approaches.
Monolithic integration of metal-ferroelectric-semiconductor heterostructure using atomic layer deposition (2017)

Integration of perovskite oxides with silicon and germanium can enable the realization of novel electronics device designs and the improvement of device performance. In particular, the wide variety of perovskite oxides and their ability to grow epitaxially on silicon and germanium allows the design of monolithically integrated semiconductor devices. The fabrication of monolithically integrated metal-ferroelectric-semiconductor structures is reported. Out-of-plane orientation of BaTiO<sub>3</sub> ferroelectric film is demonstrated, and process considerations to ensure oxide electrode conductivity are discussed. The structures reported here demonstrate the feasibility of fabricating ferroelectric field effect devices that are monolithically integrated into silicon and/or germanium platforms.
<title>Application of a novel laser Doppler tester including a sustainable tissue phantom</title> (1998)

A new optical tissue phantom is presented, which consists of a polymer film containing scatterers and absorbers. With this tissue phantom, tissue models can be constructed having optical properties and layered structures similar to those in living tissue. Optical properties can be specified for each layer, with a resolution of 20 micrometers. With this tissue phantom, a new laser Doppler testing principle is developed using a repetitive construction of static and moving layers. In this paper, the consequences of the usage of uniform motion in thin layers are discussed, as compared with the more random motion of blood in tissue. This issue is studied by means of Monte Carlo simulations. Measurements are shown performed with a laser Doppler imager. In particular, the normalization of the flux signal is discussed. It turns out, that normalization with the DC-level of the backscattered light gives better images than normalization with DC<SUP>2</SUP>. Also, results of depth sensitivity measurements are shown.
Wellbore Monitoring in Unconventional Reservoirs: Value of Accurate DTS Interpretation and Risks Involved (2014)

Abstract Wellbore monitoring techniques are proving to be significant in reservoir management and intervention design, particularly in unconventional fields where fluid flow behavior is not very well understood. Distributed temperature sensing (DTS) technology allows for an estimation of zonal flow rates in the entire well as a function of time during hydraulic fracturing, as well as during the production phase. In this work, a novel transient thermo-hydraulic model that includes fluid transport and thermal coupling and simulates fluid flow and temperature in both the wellbore and reservoir is presented. Real DTS data from a hydraulic fracturing operation in a low-permeability basin in west Texas has been inverted using this model. Flow allocation based on the thermo-hydraulic model is presented. It was found that the reservoir heterogeneity, and hence the zonal flow rates, can be accurately obtained based on temperature and pressure data from the well. Most of the steady-state DTS data inversion models are typically applicable to production scenarios, where the transient in temperature has vanished. Injection operations, such as in fracturing where the temperature does not achieve a steady- state during the injection stage, require a transient model that can capture the initial-time effects. Also, some of these models fail to include the Joule-Thomson effect, and this leads to an incorrect flow allocation. The thermo-hydraulic model developed in this work includes both the Joule-Thomson and transient effects. It can be applied to non-reactive fluid injection during stimulation operations, such as matrix acidizing and fracturing. In particular, application of the model for fluid distribution before, during, and post-fracturing provides an estimate of the efficiency of fracturing stages.
Objective job conditions, social support and perceived stress among blue collar workers (1982)

Abstract The hypothesis that perceived supportive relations mediate the association between extra‐individual (objective) job conditions and perceptions of occupational stress is tested in a population of blue collar workers. Responses to a mailed questionnaire (N = 1830) include measures of social support from four sources (supervisor, coworkers, spouse, friends/relatives) and measures of perceived stress (five job pressures and four need deprivations). In addition, company records and expert ratings by company, union and study personnel provide measures of objective job conditions which are commensurate with the subjective reports. Associations between objective job conditions and perceived stress are significant but modest in size. Controls for age, education, exposure to noxious agents and physical effort on the job do not alter associations between objective conditions and perceived stress. For five of the nine indicators of perceived stress, social support and objective conditions interact in determining perceptions. This is interpreted as a buffering effect in which social support provides a context that significantly alters perceptions of job conditions. The effect of supervisor support is especially important in regard to buffering. It is suggested that research on the quality of work should be especially aware of the conditional nature of the relationship between objective job conditions and perceptions.
Ultrasound backscattered tensor imaging of the brain: an ex vivo feasibility study (2019)

In neurosurgeries, brain shift and tumor removal may render the preoperative MRI diffusion tensor scan irrelevant. There is a need for real time and accurate mapping of the brain white matter fibers. Towards solving this problem, for the first time, we demonstrate the feasibility of ultrasound backscatter tensor imaging (BTI) in locating and measuring the corpus callosum (CC), the largest white matter fibers, in an ex vivo formalin-fixed rat brain. BTI analyzes the coherence in the backscatter signal at different transducer-to-fiber orientations to estimate regions of high anisotropy and thus the presence of fibers. We collected ultrasound radio frequency signals for 180° with a step-size of 10° . At each step, we used focused ultrasound beams to scan the central axis of the rat transverse plane. We then calculated and mapped the coherence factors (CF) to infer the size and location of the CC at two locations of high and low anisotropy, respectively. Lastly, we compared our results in the high anisotropy plane to a rat brain MRI Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) atlas. The CC thickness in the measured plane was 0.87 mm (atlas) vs. 1.0±0.3 mm (CF map), while the distance to the rat brain medial dorsal surface was at 1.53 mm (atlas) vs. 1.7±0.3 mm (CF map). This is an ongoing study with limitations in the axial and lateral resolution, speed of acquisition, and signal to noise ratio. To our best knowledge, this is a first study in demonstrating the potential of BTI in detecting the corpus callosum with promising results to warrant further efforts towards clinical translation.
A Formal System for Producing Demons from Rules in an Object-Oriented Database. (1989)

This paper presents how to combine the advantages of both procedural attachment and logic programming in a deductive object-oriented database. The solution we propose is to generate demons from logical rules that define the operations to be performed. Three steps are introduced to achieve this goal: each logic rule is first represented by a term of a relational algebra. A formal transformation produces computational terms from these algebraic terms. These terms are, in turn, compiled into low-level procedures that may be used as demons in order to perform logic resolution.
Surface relief DOE with azo-polymer film (2003)

Surface relief holograms and diffusers are fabricated on azo-polymer films by irradiation of interference laser fringes. Temperature dependence of the increase of the surface relief structure is measured. The diffraction efficiency of the hologram is controlled by irradiation of the laser beam with corona charging above T/sub g/.
THE STRUCTURE OF METOPON (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE STRUCTURE OF METOPONGilbert Stork and Ludwig BauerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1953, 75, 17, 4373–4374Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1953https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01113a542https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01113a542research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views66Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Directing Cluster Formation of Au Nanoparticles from Colloidal Solution (2013)

Discrete clusters of closely spaced Au nanoparticles can be utilized in devices from photovoltaics to molecular sensors because of the formation of strong local electromagnetic field enhancements when illuminated near their plasmon resonance. In this study, scalable, chemical self-organization methods are shown to produce Au nanoparticle clusters with uniform nanometer interparticle spacing. The performance of two different methods, namely electrophoresis and diffusion, for driving the attachment of Au nanoparticles using a chemical cross-linker on chemically patterned domains of polystyrene-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PS-b-PMMA) thin films are evaluated. Significantly, electrophoresis is found to produce similar surface coverage as diffusion in 1/6th of the processing time with an ~2-fold increase in the number of Au nanoparticles forming clusters. Furthermore, average interparticle spacing within Au nanoparticle clusters was found to decrease from 2-7 nm for diffusion deposition to approximately 1-2 nm for electrophoresis deposition, and the latter method exhibited better uniformity with most clusters appearing to have about 1 nm spacing between nanoparticles. The advantage of such fabrication capability is supported by calculations of local electric field enhancements using electromagnetic full-wave simulations from which we can estimate surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) enhancements. In particular, full-wave results show that the maximum SERS enhancement, as estimated here as the fourth power of the local electric field, increases by a factor of 100 when the gap goes from 2 to 1 nm, reaching values as large as 10(10), strengthening the usage of electrophoresis versus diffusion for the development of molecular sensors.
Experimental surgical model in osteoporosis study. (1994)

To induce osteoporosis in animals many different experimental models are suggested. Experimental animal models play an important role in improving the knowledge of the aetiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and preventive and therapeutical techniques regarding osteoporosis. These experimental models permit thorough and standardized data that would be difficult to obtain by experimental clinical studies because of the difficulty of evaluating the differences that exist among patients. The choice of an in vivo experimental model is conditioned by a lot of factors: the reliability, the reproducibility, the feasibility and often some factors linked to equipment and costs which are also very important. In the present study some experimental models are examined and discussed, and in particular an experimental surgical model, that was performed in the Department of Experimental Surgery of the Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, is described. Female Sprague-Dawley rats, 40 or 50 weeks old, 350 +/- 20 g b.w., underwent bilateral oophorectomy in order to obtain an oestrogen deficiency. During the postoperative period the animals were maintained at the same housing conditions and diet. Fourteen days after oophorectomy it was possible to observe an osteopenia, that became progressively more pronounced up to 100 days. Till now this model permitted the comparative evaluation of different therapeutical treatments in such a diffuse and still debated pathology. Many are the experimental models adopted for comparative experimental studies of osteoporosis. Our model can induce a constant decrease of bone mass both in 50 and in 40 week old rats.
Water Balance and Corn Yield under Different Water Table Management Scenarios in Southern Quebec (2010)

Corn is one of the major crops of North America. It is one of the major source of food for both humans and livestock. Water and nitrogen are two important components that affect the yield of all crops. This study looks at the total water use of the plant under different nitrogen application. Nitrogen was applied at the rate of 125, 180 and 245 kg/ha. The different water table management system maintained were water table at 60 cm from the soil surface with the help of sub-irrigation and free drainage plots with variable water table as determined only by rainfall. The soil type was sandy-loam. The study was conducted in 2008 and 2009 on a farm at Coteau-du-lac, 40 km west of Montreal.
Methodology Based on Chiral Silanes in the Synthesis of Polypropionate‐Derived Natural Products − Total Synthesis of Epothilone A (2001)

Epothilones A and B (1 and 2) are natural products with potent antitumor activity. These compounds have a TaxolTM-like mechanism of action against tumor cells. A total synthesis of epothilone A (1) is reported, which is based on the synthesis and union of two advanced fragments: C3-C11 fragment 4 and C12-C21 fragment 5. Bond construction methodology based on chiral silanes was utilized to introduce the key C6 and C7 stereocenters of fragment 4. A lipase-mediated kinetic resolution established the C15 stereocenter of fragment 5. The 16-membered lactone was constructed using a three-step sequence: an intermolecular B-alkyl Suzuki coupling of 4 and 5, an aldol condensation, and a Yamaguchi-type macrolactonization reaction.
CONTROL OF SOUTHERN ARMYWORM AND BEET ARMYWORM IN BELL PEPPER WITH BIOPESTICIDES, 1999 (2001)

Southern armyworm (SAW): Spodoptera eridania (Cramer) Beet armyworm (BAW): Spodoptera exigua (Hbner)
The Natural Killer Cell – Friend or Foe in Autoimmune Disease? (2002)

Autoimmune diseases are chronic conditions resulting from a loss of immunological tolerance to self-antigens. Recent observations have supported an ever-broader role for innate immune responses in directing and regulating adaptive immunity, including responses to self. This review summarizes recent findings supporting important functions of natural killer (NK) cells in regulating autoimmunity. A close survey of the current literature reveals multiple steps where NK cells can regulate inflammation and intervene in loss of self-tolerance. Importantly, the findings also caution against inferring a similar role for NK cells in all autoimmune phenomena or during separate stages of the same disease. Indeed, NK cells may have different influences during the priming and the effector phases of disease. Hence, an increased understanding of the involvement of NK cells in inflammation and infection should provide new insights into the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease.
<i>Corrigendum to</i> : Parallel responses of human epidermal keratinocytes to inorganic SbIII and AsIII (2019)

Environmental context Increasing commercial use of antimony is raising its environmental presence and thus possible effects on humans and ecosystems. An important uncertainty is the risk that exposure poses for biological systems. The present work explores the similarity in response of human epidermal keratinocytes, a known target cell type, to antimony and arsenic, where deleterious consequences of exposure to the latter are better known. Abstract SbIII and AsIII are known to exhibit similar chemical properties, but the degree of similarity in their effects on biological systems merits further exploration. The present work compares the responses of human epidermal keratinocytes, a known target cell type for arsenite-induced carcinogenicity, to these metalloids after treatment for 1 week at environmentally relevant concentrations. Previous work with these cells has shown that arsenite and antimonite have parallel effects in suppressing differentiation, altering levels of several critical enzymes and maintaining colony-forming ability. More globally, protein profiling now reveals parallels in SbIII and AsIII effects. The more sensitive technique of transcriptional profiling also shows considerable parallels. Thus, gene expression changes were almost entirely in the same directions for the two treatments, although the degree of change was sometimes significantly different. Inspection of the changes revealed that RYR1 and LRIG1 were among the genes strongly suppressed, consistent with reduced calcium-dependent differentiation and maintenance of epidermal growth factor-dependent proliferative potential. Moreover, levels of microRNAs in the cells were altered in parallel, with nearly 90% of the 198 most highly expressed ones being suppressed. Among these was miR-203, which is known to decrease proliferative potential. Finally, both SbIII and AsIII were seen to attenuate bone morphogenetic protein 6 induction of dual-specificity phosphatases 2 and 14, consistent with maintaining epidermal growth factor receptor signalling. These findings raise the question of whether SbIII, like AsIII, could act as a human skin carcinogen.
Trends in Combined Steam-Gas Turbine Power Plants in the U. S. A. (1966)

The combined steam-gas turbine cycle offers reductions in fuel consumption and energy production cost compared to all steam, particularly for the smaller-size plants used in industrial complexes. Currently, combined cycles are restricted to natural gas fuel, which limits their use particularly by utility companies. Their potential is predicted in the event an economic means of operating gas turbines on coal can be found. Extrapolation of the historic trend of gas turbine performance and cost suggests that combined cycles will be able to demonstrate substantial economies for larger power plants in the future.