gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Job Scheduling Method Based on Expected Probability of Completion of Voting in Volunteer Computing (2015)

This paper addresses the problem of job scheduling in volunteer computing (VC) systems where each computation job is replicated and allocated to multiple participants (workers) to remove incorrect results by a voting mechanism. In the job scheduling of VC, the number of workers to complete a job is an important factor for the system performance; however, it cannot be fixed because some of the workers may secede in real VC. This is the problem that existing methods have not considered in the job scheduling. We propose a dynamic job scheduling method which considers the expected probability of completion (EPC) for each job based on the probability of worker's secession. The key idea of the proposed method is to allocate jobs so that EPC is always greater than a specified value (SPC). By setting SPC as a reasonable value, the proposed method enables to complete jobs without excess allocation, which leads to the higher performance of VC systems. We assume in this paper that worker's secession probability follows Weibull-distribution which is known to reflect more practical situation. We derive parameters for the distribution using actual trace data and compare the performance of the proposed and the previous method under the Weibull-distribution model, as well as the previous constant probability model. Simulation results show that the performance of the proposed method is up to 5 times higher than that of the existing method especially when the time for completing jobs is restricted, while keeping the error rate lower than a required value.
Comparative Field Evaluation of Shale Oil—Modified Asphalt with Polymer-Modified Asphalts (1996)

A study is described that was conducted in response to the premature deterioration of dense friction course/open friction course (DFC/OFC) hot mix surfaces with steel slag aggregates in the greater Toronto area. The deterioration manifested itself in the form of severe raveling and early formation of map cracking. A network-level pavement management system (PMS) was applied to this unique problem. A pavement condition evaluation was conducted, and a steel slag DFC/OFC-specific deterioration model was developed. The application of the PMS has been efficient. It facilitated estimating the rehabilitation needs, prioritizing the rehabilitation strategies, and demonstrating the most cost-effective budget.
Influence of Animal Passage on a Line of Tissue-Culture Cells (1959)

This study confirms and further elucidates a previous observation that mouse passage increases the tumor-producing capacity of a low tumor-producing line of mouse tissue-culture cells. The change in the cells was maintained during serial passage of the cells in vivo and persisted for several months after return to culture. The increased tumor-producing capacity ultimately subsided, partially in one strain and almost completely in another after 8 months in vitro. The cells before and after mouse passage did not differ significantly with respect to their morphology in vitro or in vivo, their failure to elicit an early vascular response in the host, their antigenicity for mice of the strain of origin (C3H), or their low rate of anaerobic glycolysis in vitro. Chromosomal numbers were slightly altered. The cells after mouse passage did seem to differ in their increased resistance to the immunity they induced in the host. This effect was produced not only in cells cultured on stock medium but also in cells cultured on a different medium known to enhance the transplantability of the cells. Two cell strains were isolated after mouse passage that exhibited the morphologic, metabolic, and physiologic characteristics of another line of cells carried independently from the low tumor-producing line but originated in vitro from the same cell. The observations suggest that this cell type was present in culture before mouse passage and was selectively concentrated during mouse passage. Several possibilities to explain the increased tumor-producing capacity of the cell population after mouse passage are discussed.
New method for carbon–carbon bond formation: biogenetic-type synthesis of safranal (1979)

Acid catalysed cyclisation of the olefinic β-hydroxy selenide (5) afforded the cyclic compound (7) which was converted into safranal (16)via the olefinic alcohol (12), diolefinic alcohol (14), and aldehyde (15).
High-Resolution Electron Microscopy and Scanning Tunneling Microscopy of Native Oxides on Silicon (1987)

High-resolution transmission electron microscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy have been combined to examine the structure of the thin "native" oxide that forms on silicon surfaces at room temperature. Differences in the cleaning procedures for silicon wafers may affect the morphology of this oxide and critically influence further processing on the silicon substrates. An etch that ended with a dip in hydrofluoric acid provided a thinner oxide and a lower interface step density than did a sulfuric peroxide treatment. The availability of complementary information from high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy is discussed.
S88 Mast cell myositis is associated with persistent airflow limitation (PAL) in childhood severe asthma (SA) (2010)

<h3>Background</h3> Studies of airway inflammation and remodelling may help us to understand the pathophysiology of SA. Adult studies have shown mast cell inflammation within smooth muscle is specific to asthma and is associated with airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). However, this has not been studied in childhood disease. <h3>Hypothesis</h3> Children with SA have increased submucosal eosinophils and mast cells within smooth muscle compared to age-matched mild asthmatics and non-asthmatic controls. <h3>Methods</h3> 75 children, mean age 11.8 (5.6–17.3) years, 53 with SA, 7 with mild/moderate asthma (MA) and 15 non-asthmatic controls (bronchoscoped for upper airway symptoms) were included. All underwent spirometry and bronchodilator reversibility, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) measurement, fibreoptic bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and endobronchial biopsy (EB). EB were stained for: eosinophils (congo red), neutrophils (neutrophil elastase), mast cells (mast cell tryptase); and reticular basement membrane (RBM) thickness, epithelial shedding and volume fraction (Vv) of smooth muscle. <h3>Results</h3> <b>See Abstract S88 Table 1.</b> Children with SA had significantly increased BAL and submucosal eosinophils compared to controls. There were no significant group differences in submucosal mast cells, but the presence of mast cells within smooth muscle exhibited a non-significant trend to be increased in SA and MA. Children with mast cells within smooth muscle were more likely to have PAL (post bronchodilator, post steroid trial FEV<sub>1</sub><80% predicted) (p<0.05). The Vv of subepithelial tissue occupied by airway smooth muscle (ASM) was only increased in SA. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Children with SA have increased luminal and submucosal eosinophilia. However, in contrast to reports in adults of AHR being associated with mast cell myositis, we have found severe asthmatic children with mast cell myositis were more likely to have PAL. Mast cell myositis may be a feature of severe asthma in children.
Patrons and Clients, Jobs and Machines: A Case Study of the Uses of Patronage (1979)

How are patronage rewards allocated within a political machine? This article studies the distribution of 675 CETA Title I jobs within a New Haven machine. Data suggest that the jobs were used as patronage, but that patronage allocations did not follow conventionally assumed patterns of organization maintenance. Ethnic particularism overshadowed, and in fact redefined, considerations of vote-maximization and recruitment of workers. Questionnaire data suggest that those hired were not highly active politically, either before or after hiring, a finding contrary to normal suppositions about patronage recipients. The seemingly anomalous (and perhaps even counterproductive) patronage allocations become understandable, however, viewed in light of some problems and contradictions inherent in patron-client politics. These involve the inflexibility of job-based incentive systems, qualifications on assumptions of reciprocity, and the “aging” of the organization.
Triazole Antifungal Susceptibility Patterns among <i>Aspergillus</i> Species in Québec, Canada (2019)

Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality among immunocompromised patients ([1][1][–][2][3][3]), with over 500 patients developing IA in Canada each year ([4][4]). The overall mortality rate of IA is approximately 25% ([5][5], [6][6]) but increases to over 60% in
Reversal of an Unconditioned Behavioral Preference for Specific Food Pellets by Intervention of Whisker Sensory Inputs (2016)

Adenylyl cyclase type-5 (AC5) is preferentially expressed in the dorsal striatum. Recently, we reported that AC5 knockout (KO) mice preferred food pellets carrying an olfactory cue produced by AC5 KO mice during food consumption (AC5 KO pellets) over food pellets that had been taken by wildtype (WT) mice. In the present study, we demonstrated that whisker trimming on the right side of the face but not the left in AC5 KO mice blocked the behavioral preference for AC5 KO pellets. Conversely, whisker trimming on the right but not the left in WT mice induced a behavioral preference for AC5 KO pellets. Mice lacking D2 dopamine receptor (D2 KO mice) also showed a behavioral preference for AC5 KO pellets. In D2 mice, whisker trimming on the right side of the face but not the left blocked a behavioral preference for AC5 KO food pellets. AC5 KO mice had increased level of phospho-CaMKIIα in the dorsal striatum, and WT mice with whiskers cut on either side also showed increased p-CaMKIIα level in the dorsal striatum. The siRNA-mediated inhibition of CaMKIIα in the dorsal striatum in either the right or the left hemisphere in AC5 KO mice and D2 KO mice blocked the behavioral preference for AC5 KO pellets. However, behavioral changes induced by this inhibition on each side showed asymmetrical time courses. These results suggest that an unconditioned behavioral preference for specific food pellets can be switched on or off based on the balance of states of neural activity in the dorsal striatum regulated by a signaling pathway centered on AC5 and D2 and the sensory inputs of whiskers from the right side of the face.
Reconstruction of old anterior cruciate ligament tears with a Dacron prosthesis (1993)

Seventy patients with chronic anterior instability underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with a Dacron prosthesis pretensioned to 60 N. Of these patients, 49% (34%) had combined medial instability, 32% (22) had failed previous anterior cruciate ligament surgery, and 37% (26) had previous meniscectomy. At reconstruction, 12 patients had their medial instability treated; 22 did not. Follow-up intervals were 3, 6, and 12 months and then each year to 5 years. The 5-year followup included 69 patients; the other 1 had the ligament removed because of a synovial fistula at 8 months. Results were 23% prosthesis ruptures, 3% poor, 17% fair, 16% good, and 39% excellent. The 2-year results showed the same distribution, but a lower rupture rate, which was affected by placement of the tibial tunnel within the anterior one-third of the tibia (9 times increase) and coexisting nonrepaired medial instability (5 times increase). Those patients with perfect placement of the ligament who also had good medial stability and no previous ligament surgery had no rupture at 5 years. The stability that was gained at surgery was gradually lost (-11.2% per year). At 5 years, the uninjured knee also had lost 41% of the preoperative stability; the mean laxity difference was within +/- 2 mm. The mean improvement in subjective knee function (Lysholm score 74.5 to 91.9) was maintained during the followup. The mean preoperative activity level improved significantly, but did not reach the preinjury level. These results show that the Dacron prosthesis will not give acceptable results in salvage cases where other instabilities are left untreated.
Abstract 16847: C-kit+ Cells Restore Podocyte Function in a Model of Acute Glomerulonephritis in Rats (2013)

Introduction: Kidney-derived c-kit cells exhibit the properties of stem cells and regenerate epithelial tubular cells following ischemia-reperfusion injury. We hypothesize that c-kit+ cells have th...
Purification of Caveolae-Derived Membrane Microdomains Containing Lipid-Anchored Signaling Molecules, Such as GPI-Anchored Proteins, H-Ras, Src-Family Tyrosine Kinases, eNOS, and G-Protein α-, β-, and γ-Subunits (2003)

This laboratory is interested in understanding how signaling molecules are compartmentalized within normal cells, and how this molecular organization may be disrupted during oncogenic transformation. For this purpose, the authors have focused their efforts on a particular organelle, or subcompartment of the plasma membrane, known as caveolae (1).
Engaging Students in STEM Learning through Co-Robotic Hands-On Activities (Evaluation) (2016)

Abstract This paper introduces two co-robotic pedagogical platforms. The goal is to study the effect of meaningful learning contexts and hands-on activities, facilitated through the use of co-robotic platforms, in broadening and sustaining student engagement in STEM. The paper presents a week-long residential STEM learning curriculum designed and implemented to introduce students to hands-on engineering. The week-long program has been offered for middle school level students, and its effectiveness has been studied. Pre and post surveys have been conducted to study the impact of the experience in increasing students’ interest in robotics and engineering. The results of this study show that co-robotic activities increased students’ awareness about the role of engineering in protecting the environment and improving human life.
Prednisone‐responsive aplastic anemia associated with T‐lymphocyte proliferation (1981)

In some cases, bone marrow aplasia has been thought to result from immunologic abnormalities. Our patient had severe transfusion-dependent aplastic anemia, which responded to treatment with prednisone on two occasions. The exacerbations of aplastic anemia were associated with lymphocytic proliferation which on one occasion had the characteristics of T-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Though he had had mild lymphoproliferation for a number of years, he ultimately died with progressive diffuse lymphoid infiltration of the bone marrow and other organs. The simultaneous occurrence of the T-cell lymphoproliferation and aplastic anemia and their simultaneous response to therapy suggests that this may be a clinical example of T-lymphocyte mediated suppression of erythropoiesis.
Theoretical Mechanics of Particle Capture: Predictions for Hydropsychid Caddisfly Distributional Ecology (1990)

Computer simulations based on equations developed earlier were used to analyze theoretically the effects of six parameters on particle capture by hydropsychid caddisfly nets. If assumptions that form the basis of these simulations are valid, the following statements can be made. (1) Nets with fine meshes capture suspended particles at a higher rate per unit of area than those with larger meshes. (2) Species spinning large meshes have a greater total capture rate because of a correlation between mesh size and overall net area. (3) Capture rates of all nets increase with current speed and temperature. (4) A specific mesh size maximizes the capture rate of a given particle size (for a fixed ambient current velocity and fiber diameter). Finally, (5) nets with larger meshes have a greater tendency to capture larger particles, and nets with smaller meshes have a greater tendency to capture smaller particles. These results are compatible with a particle-size hypothesis, but they compel a modification of a capture-rate hypothesis, suggesting that the particle-capture performance of different net morphologies is not a sufficient basis for explaining empirical correlations between resource concentration and caddisfly community structure.
FLOW THROUGH A HIGHLY POROUS ANISOTROPIC MULTIFILAMENT KNIT (1998)

Abstract Experimental results for isothermal Newtonian flow through a high porosity anisotropic porous medium are provided. The porous medium is formed by a knitted stainless steel wire mesh rolled up to form a cylindrical plug. This kind of porous medium is generally used as a mist eliminator in the chemical and petroleum industries. Experimental results are compared with pressure drop predictions obtained with a theoretical pore-scale method. The model allows for anisotropy and is applied predictively over both the Darcy and non-Darcy regimes, requiring only that the porosity, dimensions of the wire and characteristic lengths of the plug be known. The predictions compare reasonably well with the experimental results.
Characteristics of Flow Filed Induced by a Rotationally Reciprocating Plate Impeller (2016)

The present study deals with the flow field in the circular cross section of a cylindrical vessel induced by a rotationally reciprocating impeller, rotating back and forth with gradual change in rotational speed. A periodically stable velocity field was measured by PIV and also simulated by CFD. It was revealed that the velocity field near the liquid free surface is basically 2-dimensional, except for the acceleration period at Re=43, and agrees well with 2-dimensional CFD simulation, except for the development process of 3-dimensional tip vortices at Re=43. The separation behavior of the vortices originally generated at the impeller tip changed with increasing Reynolds number. No separation was observed at a lower Reynolds number, while the separated vortices turn into 3-dimensional potential vortices and remain as 2-dimensional vortices at the next impeller counterturn at higher Reynolds numbers. The fluctuation of each velocity component was remarkably small, suggesting that the flow field even at the highest Reynolds number was still laminar. It is found that effective transportation of energy from the impeller to 3-dimensional potential vortex is related to a large and constant power number, which is reported in our recent publication.
The Safety of Higher Than Standard Dose of Doxylamine‐Pyridoxine (Diclectin®) for Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy (2001)

A delayed-release combination of doxylamine-pyridoxine (D-P) (Diclectin) is the only approved antiemetic medication for use in pregnancy in Canada. The standard recommended dose is up to 4 tablets a day, regardless of body weight or severity of symptoms. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of adverse maternal and fetal effects and pregnancy outcome in 225 women taking Diclectin at the recommended (n = 123) or higher than recommended (n = 102) doses. In this observational, prospective study, one-third (33.6%) of women reported having adverse effects (sleepiness, tiredness, and/or drowsiness) temporally related to the medication. There was no association between the dose per kg and rates of reported maternal adverse effects with doses ranging from 0.1 mg/kg to 2.0 mg/kg (1-12 tablets). Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) was reported as severe by the majority (75.8%) of women. Mean birth weight (BW) was 3,400 g and gestational age (GA) 39 weeks. Multivariate analysis revealed that only prepregnancy weight and GA predicted lower BW, not the dose of D-P or the severity of NVP. There were two pregnancies with major malformation, a finding that is consistent with the rates of birth defects in the general population. It was concluded that the higher than standard dose of Diclectin, when calculated per kg of body weight, does not affect either the incidence of maternal adverse effects or pregnancy outcome. If needed, Diclectin can be given at doses higher than 4 tablets/day to normalize for body weight or optimize efficacy.
ChemInform Abstract: NMR and IR Studies of Zeolite H‐ZSM‐5 Modified with Orthophosphoric Acid. (1990)

Abstract The results of 1 H NMR self‐diffusion experiments show that H 3 PO 4 penetrates into the channel network of the ZSM‐5 zeolite.
Kinetic mechanism of phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. (1988)

We have investigated the kinetic mechanism of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) N-methyltransferase purified from rat liver using PE, phosphatidyl-N-monomethylethanolamine (PMME), and phosphatidyl-N,N-dimethylethanolamine (PDME) as substrates. We previously reported (Ridgway, N. D., and Vance, D. E. (1987) J. Biol. Chem. 262, 17231-17239) that initial velocity curves with PE, PMME, and PDME at a fixed concentration of Triton X-100 were sigmoidal, thus generating nonlinear inverse plots. Comparison with other integral membrane enzymes suggested this response resulted from the enzyme's requirement for a complete boundary layer of phospholipid. Hence, the effect of a nonsubstrate phospholipid on initial velocity patterns for PE, PMME, and PDME was examined. The sigmoidicity of initial velocity curves at constant Triton X-100 concentration and increasing PE, PMME, and PDME were converted to the more familiar hyperbolic response by the addition of egg phosphatidylcholine (PC). Hill coefficients for PE, PMME, and PDME at a fixed Triton concentration were 3.6, 2.5, and 4.7, respectively, but with the addition of 30 or 40 mol % of egg PC, coefficients were close to unity (0.9-1.2). The activation by egg PC of PE, PMME, and PDME methylation indicates that a secondary phospholipid binding site(s) plays a role in catalysis in mixed micelles. This site(s) may represent a transmembrane segment(s) in close association with a boundary layer of phospholipid. Kinetic analysis of initial velocity and product inhibition patterns for PMME and PDME methylation fit an ordered Bi Bi mechanism. Phospholipid substrates and products were the first to bind and the last to dissociate from the active site, respectively. As well, PE, PMME, and PDME compete for a single active site. The overall kinetic scheme for the methylation of PE to PC in mixed micelles involves the initial binding of PE, followed by successive steps where S-adenosyl-L-methionine is bound, the sulfonium methyl group is transferred, and S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine is released.
Combining collaborative workspaces with tablet computing: Research in learner engagement and conditions of flow (2007)

This paper reports on efforts to blend tablet computers with collaborative workspace technologies. An underlying conjecture is that this blend, evaluated with support from Microsoft Research and the National Science Foundation, may help increase learner engagement substantially. The pedagogical logic is that if an instructor can effect a high volume of precise feedback experiences, engagement levels and learning will climb. The intervention needs to afford the teacher a vivid lens on learner processing, and to furnish learners with means to construct representations naturally but electronically. It would also need to furnish means to mediate the rapid flow of those representations and instructor responses to them. These design principles were met with two collaboration workspace technologies and a tablet PC, critical because it allows users to make handwritten representations as one would do with paper and pencil. Results show significant increases in learner engagement that resulted from the tablet PCs/collaborative software combination, based on paper and pencil measurements, electronic engagement measurements, and interviews of faculty and students.