gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
P2X7 receptor activation increases expression of caveolin-1 and formation of macrophage lipid rafts, thereby boosting CD39 activity (2020)

Macrophages are tissue-resident immune cells that are crucial for the initiation and maintenance of immune responses. Purinergic signaling modulates macrophage activity and impacts cellular plasticity. The ATP-activated purinergic receptor P2X7 (also known as P2RX7) has pro-inflammatory properties, which contribute to macrophage activation. P2X7 receptor signaling is, in turn, modulated by ectonucleotidases, such as CD39 (also known as ENTPD1), expressed in caveolae and lipid rafts. Here, we examined P2X7 receptor activity and determined impacts on ectonucleotidase localization and function in macrophages primed with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). First, we verified that ATP boosts CD39 activity and caveolin-1 protein expression in LPS-primed macrophages. Drugs that disrupt cholesterol-enriched domains - such as nystatin and methyl-β-cyclodextrin - decreased CD39 enzymatic activity in all circumstances. We noted that CD39 colocalized with lipid raft markers (flotillin-2 and caveolin-1) in macrophages that had been primed with LPS followed by treatment with ATP. P2X7 receptor inhibition blocked these ATP-mediated increases in caveolin-1 expression and inhibited the colocalization with CD39. Further, we found that STAT3 activation is significantly attenuated caveolin-1-deficient macrophages treated with LPS or LPS+BzATP. Taken together, our data suggest that P2X7 receptor triggers the initiation of lipid raft-dependent mechanisms that upregulates CD39 activity and could contribute to limit macrophage responses restoring homeostasis.
Does an endogenous methylpyridinium analogue cause Parkinson's disease? (1985)

Journal Article Does an endogenous methylpyridinium analogue cause Parkinson's disease? Get access B Testa, B Testa School of Pharmacy, University of Lausanne, Place du Chateau, CH-1005, Lausanne, Switzerland School of Pharmacy, University of Lausanne, Place du Chateau, CH-1005, Lausanne, Switzerland. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R Naylor, R Naylor MRC Movement Disorders Research Group, University Department of Neurology and Parkinson's Disease Society Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry and King's College Hospital Medical School, Denmark Hill, London SE5, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B Costall, B Costall Postgraduate School o Studies in Pharmacology, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P Jenner, P Jenner MRC Movement Disorders Research Group, University Department of Neurology and Parkinson's Disease Society Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry and King's College Hospital Medical School, Denmark Hill, London SE5, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C D Marsden C D Marsden MRC Movement Disorders Research Group, University Department of Neurology and Parkinson's Disease Society Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry and King's College Hospital Medical School, Denmark Hill, London SE5, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Volume 37, Issue 9, September 1985, Pages 679–680, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1985.tb05116.x Published: 12 April 2011 Article history Received: 07 May 1985 Published: 12 April 2011
A compact resonace-based wireless energy transfer system for implanted electronic devices (2011)

A compact wireless energy transfer scheme for delivering power to the implantable electronic devices has been presented here. The wireless energy transfer system is built by using a printed spiral receiving resonator with a cylindrical source resonator to transfer energy wirelessly through strongly coupled magnetic resonance. Experimentally, it is found that the wireless power transfer efficiency reaches the maximum at the resonant frequency, and the efficiency decreases with the increase of the distance between the source and receiver coils. The proposed design has the significant advantage of being easier to implement for biomedical applications due to sizeable reduction in volume required on the implantable devices.
Upgrading control with satellite communications (1992)

Unocal Pipeline Co.'s Eastern Pipeline System consists of nine pipelines in Colorado, Nebraska, Wyoming, Utah, Texas and Louisiana. The system includes 1,000 miles of trunk and gathering lines, and moves approximately 250,000 bbl/day of oil. In 1990, these pipelines were controlled by five separate SCADA systems. Three were located at Van, Texas, and two stand-alone systems were operational in Louisiana. All were installed in the 1970s. The systems gathered field data from 48 remote terminal units totalling 2,500 status points. Each time a new group of sites needed to be added to any of the SCADA networks a new control system had to be added as well. This paper reports that to resolve this situation, Unocal began a feasibility study.
ChemInform Abstract: Nitrous Oxide Oxidation of Olefins Catalyzed by Ruthenium Porphyrin Complexes. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: EQUILIBRIUM HYDROGEN PRESSURES IN THE THORIUM‐NITROGEN‐HYDROGEN SYSTEM (1982)

Abstract Die metallreiche Ecke des Titelsystems wird durch Messung des H 2 ‐Gleichgewichtsdruckes bei verschiedenen Zusammensetzungen und Temp. (350‐850°C) untersucht.
JAPANESE COMPOSERS OF THE POST-TAKEMITSU GENERATION (2004)

The towering international reputation of Toru Takemitsu has dominated the West's perceptions of contemporary Japanese music, a situation resulting in the relative neglect of other worthy composers. This phenomenon has parallels in other countries, such as France, where Boulez's and Messiaen's overshadowing reputations were factors in the delayed international recognition of Barraqué and Ohana. Accordingly, various important composers who have established significant profiles within Japan during the last 40 years have struggled to achieve attention beyond Asian borders. Some have established cult reputations within contemporary music circles, but more widespread recognition through recordings has been compromised by limited Western distribution of the two Japanese labels that have promoted the post-Takemitsu generations: Camerata and Fontec. Fortunately, the websites for these labels have provided an opportunity for curious Westerners to directly purchase much important music that is ripe for discovery in Western concert halls. Another positive development is the recent release of European recordings of important new Japanese works.
Rock Texture Classification Using Spectral Analysis And Genetically Optimized Texture Features. (2016)

In this work we present a method to classify a set of rock textures based on a Spectral Analysis and the extraction of the texture Features of the resulted images. Up to 520 features were tested using 4 different filters and all 31 different combinations were verified. The classification process relies on a Naive Bayes classifier. We performed two kinds of optimizations: statistical optimization with Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and a genetic optimization, for 10,000 randomly defined samples, achieving a final maximum classification success of 91% against the original ~70% success ratio. After the optimization 9 types of features emerged as most relevant.
Strain Specificity of Clinical Isolates of Herpes Simplex Virus (1980)

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) produces a wide variety of ocular disease in man. Although host factors are important in determining this variation, it is possible that the different clinical patterns of herpetic ocular disease may be attributed at least partially to the differing biological behavior of specific strains of HSV. To test this theory, we compared the anterior segment disease produced by infecting rabbit corneas with seven different strains of HSV. We found that these seven different strains produced different patterns of ocular disease in the rabbit eye. This also may occur in humans, and we hope to define the biological differences that cause one strain to produce disease more severe than that produced by another strain.
Population genetic analyses reveal distinct geographical blooms of the jellyfish<i>Rhizostoma octopus</i>(Scyphozoa) (2015)

Understanding the spatial integrity and connectivity of jellyfish blooms is important for ecologists and coastal stakeholders alike. Previous studies have shown that the distribution of jellyfish blooms can display a marked consistency in space and time, suggesting that such patterns cannot be attributed to passive processes alone. In the present study, we used a combination of microsatellite markers and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I sequences to investigate genetic structuring of the scyphozoan jellyfish Rhizostoma octopus in the Irish and Celtic Seas. The mitochondrial data indicated far higher levels of population differentiation than the microsatellites: ST[MT] = 0.300 vs. ST[NUC] = 0.013. Simulation studies indicated that the low levels of nuclear differentiation were not the result of limited power because of low levels of polymorphism. These findings, supported by palaeodistribution modelling and mismatch distribution analysis, are consistent with expansion of R. octopus from a single, limited refugium after the Last Glacial Maximum, followed by subsequent isolation, and that the discrepancy between the mitochondrial and nuclear markers is a result of the nuclear loci taking longer to reach mutation-drift equilibrium following the expansion as a result of their four-fold larger effective population size. The populations studied are probably not well connected via gene flow, and thus genetically as well as geographically distinct, although our findings also highlight the need to use a combination of organellar and nuclear markers to enable a more complete understanding of population demography and structure, particularly for species with large effective population sizes.
Sensitivity and Specificity of Tests of Malignant Hyperthermia Susceptibility (1991)

Department of Medicine University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, CA 94143 (Olgin) Department of Anesthesiology Hahnemann University Hospital Philadelphia, PA (Rosenberg)
Spectrophotometric, potentiometric, and density gradient ultracentrifugation studies of the binding of silver ion by DNA (1966)

Abstract The equilibrium and the stoichiometry for the reversible complexing of silver ion by DNA have been studied by potentiometric titrations, proton release pH‐stat titrations, and by spectrophotometry. The complexing reactions involve primarily the purine and pyrimidine residues, not the phosphate groups. There are at least three types of binding (types I, II, and III), of which the first two have been intensively studied in this work. The sum of type I and type II binding saturates at one silver atom per two nucleotide residues. In the type I and type II reactions, zero and one proton, respectively, are displaced per silver ion bound. At pH 5.6, the reactions occur stepwise, type I being first, while at pH 8.0, they occur simultaneously. The silver ion binding curve is very sharp at pH 8, indicating a cooperative reaction. The strength of the binding increases with increasing GC content. Type I binding is more important for GC‐rich DNA's than for GC‐poor ones. Denatured DNA binds more strongly than does native DNA. The silver ion complexing reaction is chemically and biologically reversible. We propose that type II binding essentially involves the conversion of an \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm N} - {\rm H} \cdots {\rm N} $\end{document} hydrogen bond of a complementary base pair to an N—Ag—N bond. The nature of type I binding is less clear, but it may involve a π interaction with stacked bases. The buoyant density (ρ 0 ) of DNA in a Cs 2 SO 4 density gradient increases when the DNA reacts with silver ion. The buoyant density change is about 0.15 g./ml. for 0.5 silver bound per nucleotide. The large buoyant density changes and the selective nature of the complexing reaction make it possible to perform good separations between native and denatured DNA or between GC‐rich and GC‐poor native DNA's by density gradient centrifugation.
On the Heterogeneity of Catalase from Goat Liver (1978)

Catalase [EC 1.11.1.6] from goat liver was purified by acetone and ammonium sulfate fractionations followed by DEAE-cellulose and Bio-Gel A-1.5 m column chromatography. The purified enzyme was found to be homogeneous ultracentrifugally and the molecular weight of the native goat liver catalase (GLC) was estimated by gel filtration to be approximately 220,000. SDS-gel electrophoresis results indicated that catalase from goat liver consists of four apparently identical subunits, with a molecular weight of about 60,000; this is similar to the subunit structure of bovine liver catalase (BLC). The enzyme activity of GLC was slightly less than that of BLC, which apparently correlated with the lower R.Z. value (A405nm/A280nm) of GLC than of BLC. The optimal pH of the enzyme activity of GLC was found to be around 7, the same as that of BLC. The CD spectrum of native GLC generally resembled that of BLC, although the band intensities and band positions differed slightly. However, the α-helix content of GLC was found to be about 30% by CD measurement, slightly less than that of BLC. The effect of pH on the stability of GLC was studied in terms of α-helical conformation and the fluorescence of tryptophanyl residues and 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonate (ANS) bound to the enzyme. These results indicated that GLC may dissociate into subunits at extreme pH's. On the other hand, precise densito-metric tracing of disc electrophoresis gels indicated heterogeneity of the purified GLC; there were four components, with isoelectric points of 5.80, 5.97, 6.01, and 6.10. It was found that three out of the four components varied electrophoretically on treatment with thiol reagents such as 2-mercaptoethanol (ME) and dithiothreitol (DTT).
Role of the prohormone convertase PC2 in the processing of proglucagon to glucagon (1997)

Proglucagon is alternatively processed to glucagon in pancreatic alpha-cells, or to glucagon-like peptide-1 in intestinal L cells. Here, the specificity of PC2, the major prohormone convertase of alpha-cells, was examined both in vivo and in vitro. Adenovirus-mediated co-expression of proglucagon and PC2 in GH4C1 cells resulted in a pattern of processing products very similar to that observed in alpha-cells. Oxyntomodulin, an intermediate in the processing of proglucagon, was quantitatively converted to glucagon in vitro by purified recombinant PC2, in combination with carboxypeptidase E. It is concluded that PC2 is able to act alone in the pancreatic pathway of proglucagon processing.
Corneal Thickness Measurements Following Intraocular Lens Implantation (1977)

SUMMARY Corneal thickness measurements were carried out on patients who had undergone combined phacoemulsification cataract extraction with simultaneous intraocular lens implantation in one eye at least six months prior to the date of measurement. The unoperated eye served as control. Another group of patients who had undergone simultaneous phacoemulsification cataract extraction combined with intraocular lens implantation were followed over a two-month period of time, serial corneal thickness measurements being performed. The results indicate that, in surgery performed by experienced surgeons on carefully selected patients, phacoemulsification cataract extraction using the Kelman technique combined with intraocular lens implantation had no significant effect on corneal endothelial function as reflected in corneal thickness changes.
Isomerization via Transannular Enolate Anion (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIsomerization via Transannular Enolate AnionTadamichi FukunagaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1965, 87, 4, 916–917Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01082a041https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01082a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views100Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
New era in cancer immunotherapy: Twenty years to the discovery of monoclonal antibodies harnessing the immune system to eradicate tumors (2013)

The better understanding of the mechanism in which the immune system responds to the developing cancer provided the outcome in a new era in cancer immunotherapy. The tumor suppressive effect on the immune system is caused by negative T cell receptor signaling that abrogate immunity against the cancer cells. Novel monoclonal antibodies that target co-inhibitory receptors on T cells block the tumor induced inhibition of the immune system and enable the immune system to eradicate the tumors. The development of such antibodies started twenty years ago by the preparation of a monoclonal antibody termed BAT. A single administration of the antibody to tumor bearing mice resulted in striking anti tumor activity that was mediated by the lymphocytes. These studies provided a basis for the new era of cancer immunotherapy. The present review summarizes twenty years to the discovery of monoclonal antibodies harnessing the immune system to eradicate tumors.
Withering and the Quarterly Journal of Negative Results (1963)

The current trend by some of us to stress the scientific side of medicine to the exclusion of everything else has prompted the following editorial, which does not necessarily reflect the opinions of the editors of this journal. It is written by a man who envies both the true scientist and the good clinician, but who would have their personalities and ambitions wedded into one unit. The wondrous physician who emerges from this union would have his research sponsored by the granting agencies, and would be beloved by his patients, a fortunate combination indeed. On a recent trip to Shropshire, England, I discovered some documents, which are worth discussing. Since they concern Dr. Withering, the discoverer of the therapeutic effects of digitalis, I thought them of sufficient interest to publish them. Although they were written in the 18th century, they appear so modern that they could have been written today.
A High Throughput Targeted Gene Disruption Method for <i>Alternaria brassicicola</i> Functional Genomics Using Linear Minimal Element (LME) Constructs (2006)

Alternaria brassicicola causes black spot disease of cultivated Brassicas and has been used consistently as a necrotrophic fungal pathogen for studies with Arabidopsis. In A. brassicicola, mutant generation has been the most rate-limiting step for the functional analysis of individual genes due to low efficiency of both transformation and targeted integration. To improve the targeted gene disruption efficiency as well as to expedite gene disruption construct production, we used a short linear construct with minimal elements, an antibiotic resistance selectable marker gene, and a 250- to 600-bp-long partial target gene. The linear minimal element (LME) constructs consistently produced stable transformants for diverse categories of genes. Typically, 100% of the transformants were targeted gene disruption mutants when using the LME constructs, compared with inconsistent transformation and usually less than 10% targeted gene disruption with circular plasmid disruption constructs. Each mutant displayed a unique molecular signature thought to originate from endogenous exonuclease activities in fungal cells. Our data suggests that a DNA double-stranded break repair mechanism (DSBR) functions to increase targeting efficiency. This method is advantageous for high throughput gene disruption, overexpression, and reporter gene introduction within target genes, especially for asexual filamentous fungi where genetic approaches are unfavorable.
School nutrition survey. (1993)

Food we eat has an important influence on health and well-being. Many eating habits are established in childhood. 456 children aged eight to 12 years participated in this survey of food eaten at school. Of all the food items eaten as a snack, 48.6% were categorised as junk. 75.8% of the sandwiches brought to school for lunch were made with white bread. Of the remaining food items brought for lunch 63.5% were of the junk variety. Compared with those who brought a snack or lunch from home, those given money to buy their own were more likely to eat junk (p < 0.01). Food eaten at school reflects approximately one third of a child's daily food intake but health food practises for even a third of food intake may be of a value for health and long term eating habits. Nutritional education with the reinforcement of high nutritional standards in schools could improve the situation.
Fuzzy Control (1999)

Abstract The sections in this article are Fuzzy Control Techniques The Fuzzy Controller as a Nonlinear Transfer Element Heuristic Control and Model‐Based Control Cell Mapping Supervisory Control Adaptive Control
ChemInform Abstract: ELECTROCHEMICAL NUCLEATION IN HYDRATED MELTS‐ ELECTROREDUCTION OF THALLIUM(I) FROM CALCIUM NITRATE TETRAHYDRATE (1977)

Abstract Die Elektroreduktion von Tl(I) in einer Lösung von TINO 3 in einer Ca(NO 3 ), ° 4 H 2 O‐Schmelze wird amperometrisch, chronopotentiometrisch und durch cyclische Voltammetrie untersucht.