gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Decreased Circulating Levels of APRIL: Questioning Its Role in Diabetes (2015)

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that affects over 382 million people worldwide. Type-1 Diabetes (T1D) is classified as an autoimmune disease that results from pancreatic β-cell destruction and insulin deficiency. Type-2 Diabetes (T2D) is characterized principally by insulin resistance in target tissues followed by decreased insulin production due to β-cell failure. It is challenging to identify immunological markers such as inflammatory molecules that are triggered in response to changes during the pathogenesis of diabetes. APRIL is an important member of the TNF family and has been linked to chronic inflammatory processes of various diseases since its discovery in 1998. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate APRIL serum levels in T1D and T2D. For this, we used the ELISA assay to measure serum APRIL levels of 33 T1D and 30 T2D patients, and non-diabetic subjects as control group. Our data showed a decrease in serum APRIL levels in T1D patients when compared with healthy individuals. The same pattern was observed in the group of T2D patients when compared with the control. The decrease of serum APRIL levels in diabetic patients suggests that this cytokine has a role in T1D and T2D. Diabetes is already considered as an inflammatory condition with different cytokines being implicated in its physiopathology. Our data suggest that APRIL can be considered as a potential modulating cytokine in the inflammatory process of diabetes.
Timing of Neutrophil Activation and Expression of Proinflammatory Markers Do Not Support a Role for Neutrophils in Cervical Ripening in the Mouse1 (2005)

The mechanisms that facilitate remodeling of the cervix in preparation for and during parturition remain poorly understood. In the current study, we have evaluated the timing of inflammatory cell migration in cervix through comparisons between wild-type mice and steroid 5alpha-reductase type 1 null mice (Srd5a1-/-), which fail to undergo cervical ripening due to insufficient local progesterone metabolism. The timing of migration and distribution of macrophages, monocytes, and neutrophils were examined using cervices from wild-type and Srd5a1-/- mice before Day 15 (d15) and during cervical ripening (late d18), and postpartum (d19). Neutrophil numbers were quantitated by cell counts and activity was estimated by measurement of myeloperoxidase activity. The mRNA and/or protein expression of neutrophil chemoattractants, CXCL2 and CXCL1, and other proinflammatory and adhesion molecules, including IL1A, IL1B, TNF, CCL11, CCL5, CCL3, ITGAM, and ICAM1, were measured in cervices collected before, during, and after birth. The effect of neutrophil depletion on parturition was tested. Tissue macrophages, myeloperoxidase activity, and expression of proinflammatory molecules are not increased within the cervix until after birth. Neutrophil numbers do not change after birth and neutrophil depletion before term has no effect on timing or success of parturition. These results suggest that cervical ripening does not require neutrophils. Moreover, neutrophil activation and a general inflammatory response are not initiated within the cervix until shortly after parturition. The timing of inflammatory cell migration and activation in pregnant cervix suggest a role for these cells in postpartum remodeling of the cervix rather than in the initiation of cervical ripening at parturition.
INŽENJERSKOGEOLOŠKE I GEOTEHNIČKE ZNAČAJKE OBILAZNICE PLOČA (2000)

Beta adrenergic antagonists are a complex group of agents. The profusion of newer agents will allow us to discover nuances of difference between them, but that will be a future development. Currently, our concerns should be obtaining extensive experience with propranolol, controlling intraoperative and postoperative tachycardia; using beta blockade as adjunctive therapy during vasodilator administration; using beta blockade as part of "balanced" anesthesia, especially in patients with coronary artery disease; and learning sophisticated ways of preoperatively and intraoperatively evaluating hemodynamics so as to be able to decide when and how to best utilize the drugs. Beta agonists recently introduced include dopamine and dobutamine. Differences and similarities are numerous. Overriding in adults, at least, may be the ability of dopamine to stimulate renal dopaminergic receptors to increase renal blood flow.
A Simple, Accurate Model for Alkyl Adsorption on Late Transition Metals (2013)

A simple model that predicts the adsorption energy of an arbitrary alkyl in the high-symmetry sites of late transition metal fcc(111) and related surfaces is presented. The model makes predictions based on a few simple attributes of the adsorbate and surface, including the d-shell filling and the matrix coupling element, as well as the adsorption energy of methyl in the top sites. We use the model to screen surfaces for alkyl chain-growth properties and to explain trends in alkyl adsorption strength, site preference, and vibrational softening.
A Versatile and Clearable Nanocarbon Theranostic Based on Carbon Dots and Gadolinium Metallofullerene Nanocrystals (2016)

Nanocarbons such as carbon nanotubes, graphene derivatives, and carbon nanohorns have illustrated their potential uses as cancer theranostics owing to their intrinsic fluorescence or NIR absorbance as well as superior cargo loading capacity. However, some problems still need to be addressed, such as the fates and long-term toxicology of different nanocarbons in vivo and the improvement of their performance in various biomedical imaging-guided cancer therapy systems. Herein, a versatile and clearable nanocarbon theranostic based on carbon dots (CDs) and gadolinium metallofullerene nanocrystals (GFNCs) is first developed, in which GFNCs enhance the tumor accumulation of CDs, and CDs enhance the relaxivity of GFNCs, leading to an efficient multimodal imaging-guided photodynamic therapy in vivo without obvious long-term toxicity. Furthermore, biochemical analysis reveals that the novel nanotheranostic can harmlessly eliminate from the body in a reasonable period of time after exerting diagnostic and therapeutic function.
Surface topography of microstructures in lithium niobate by digital holographic microscopy (2004)

We report here on the application of digital holographic microscopy as a metrological tool for the inspection and the micro-topography reconstruction of different microstructures fabricated in bulk lithium niobate by differential etching of reversed ferroelectric domain patterned crystals. These structures have a range of applications in optical ridge waveguides, alignment structures, V-grooves, micro-tips and micro-cantilever beams and precise control of the surface quality and topography is required. The technique allows us to obtain digitally a high-fidelity surface topography description of the specimen with only one image acquisition allowing us to have relatively simple and compact set-ups able to give quantitative information on object morphology. The advantages of this technique compared to traditional microscopy are discussed.
Hydrocracking and Hydroisomerization of Long-Chain Alkanes and Polyolefins over Metal-Promoted Anion-Modified Zirconium Oxides (1996)

Previous work on the hydrocracking and hydroisomerization of alkanes over metal-impregnated anion-modified zirconium oxides (AZOs) is extended to long-chain alkanes, from n-heptane to high molecular weight polyolefins, using ZrO2 modified by anion-derived groups such as SO4 and WO3 and promoted with hydrogenation metals such as Pt or Ni. Depending on reaction temperature and time, high yields of C5−C12 isoalkanes or a mixture of gases with high selectivities to isobutane and isopentane can be produced. The products do not contain olefins, aromatics, or alkanes of carbon number higher than the feed. The iso/normal ratios of the alkane products obtained are significantly higher than those predicted by isomerization equilibria at the reaction conditions. It appears that higher (C7+) alkane hydrocracking over metal-promoted AZOs may not proceed via the conventional bifunctional mechanism involving initial dehydrogenation to an olefinic intermediate. The AZOs did not sinter or agglomerate during the hydrocracking reactions as indicated by particle size measurements. AZOs containing WO3 are more stable than those containing SO4, retaining their anionic groups in reactions at severe reducing conditions [300+ °C, 500−1200 psig (cold) H2]. XANES analysis of the Pt/ZrO2/WO3 catalyst indicated that both Pt and W maintained their zerovalent (Pt0) and hexavalent (W6+) states, respectively, during alkane hydrocracking as well as during recalcination in air.
Expert-System Scores for Complex Constructed-Response Quantitative Items: A Study of Convergent Validity (1991)

This study investigated the convergent validity of expert-system scores for four mathematical constructed-response item formats. A five-factor model comprised of four constructed-response for mat factors and a Graduate Record Examination (GRE) General Test quantitative factor was posed. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the fit of this model and to compare it with several alter natives. The five-factor model fit well, although a solution comprised of two highly correlated dimensions _ GRE-quantitative and constructed- response—represented the data almost as well. These results extend the meaning of the expert system's constructed-response scores by relating them to a well-established quantitative measure and by indicating that they signify the same underlying proficiency across item formats.
Optimum look weighting for burst-mode and ScanSAR processing (1995)

Burst-mode and ScanSAR systems record only short pieces of Doppler histories; the energy contained in each echo ensemble and, hence, the intensity in the final burst image (look) depends on the scatterer's position relative to the time of the burst event according to the azimuth antenna pattern, an effect known as scalloping. Most systems employ a burst period short enough that adjacent looks overlap allowing for individual weighting of the looks before summation. The paper introduces a new class of look weighting functions for burst-mode and ScanSAR processing that correct for scalloping while simultaneously keeping the S/N ratio constant over azimuth and maximizing the equivalent number of looks. The achievable radiometric resolution and the sensitivity to Doppler centroid estimation errors are discussed. A 3-look example using ASAR parameters illustrates the proposed weighting functions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Design of Resonator-Coupled Wireless Power Transfer System by Use of BPF Theory (2010)

A wireless power transfer system based on magnetically coupled two resonators is analysed using the filter theory. Design equations for each lumped parameter circuit components are derived. As a result, change of coupling coefficient between the resonators and/or change of load resistance are easily responded. Effect of circuit loss to the design theory is also addressed. After designing a power transfer system, a real system is constructed using spiral and loop coils. Dependence of circuit elements on their dimensions is measured in advance and used to cope with the designed element values. Simulated response by use of designed element values and measured result are compared, indicating the validity of the theory.
The hepatic circulation in health and disease: Report of a single-topic symposium (1998)

Blood flow and vascular resistance in the hepatic vasculature are closely regulated through a balance of vasoactive molecules including nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), endothelin (ET), and prostanoids such as prostacyclin. These vasoregulatory agents interact with unique nonparenchymal cells in the hepatic sinusoid through autocrine and paracrine mechanisms. These cells, which include sinusoidal endothelial cells (SEC), hepatic stellate cells (HSC), and Kupffer cells (KC), each have the molecular machinery to synthesize and/or respond to these vasoactive molecules. This complex interaction of cells and molecules, although not well understood, appears to involve vasoregulatory mechanisms that are unique to the hepatic vascular bed. Alterations in the function of the cells lining the sinusoids and in the activity of vasoactive mediators in the hepatic circulation play a role in mediating vascular disturbances which may arise in the liver secondary to cirrhosis, sepsis, and liver transplantation. Thus, understanding the mechanisms which regulate blood flow in the hepatic circulation are of vital importance. On June 21-22, 1996, the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases sponsored a symposium entitled ''Liver Microcirculation in Health and Diseases.'' The purpose of this conference was to review current basic research endeavors pertaining to the hepatic circulation. The conference was organized into four sessions, with each session composed of several lectures. This article will summarize the salient aspects of each lecture based on summaries submitted by the speaker and modified based on dictations of the lecture. The first section, entitled ''Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Regulation of Vascular Function,'' chaired by William C. Sessa and Roberto J. Groszmann, examined basic mechanisms of vascular regulation, with particular emphasis on the physiology and biology of the endothelial cell and its modulation by other cell types, vasoactive mediators, and biomechanical forces. The second section, entitled ''The Liver Microcirculation,'' chaired by Robert S. McCuskey and Jurg Reichen, addressed anatomic and physiological studies in the hepatic circulation and novel characteristics of HSC. The third section, entitled ''Pathogenesis of Portal Hypertension,'' chaired by Jaime Bosch and Didier LeBrec, examined mechanisms that may account for the hemodynamic disturbances in the liver and other regional beds that are characteristic of chronic liver disease. The fourth section, entitled ''Sepsis and Transplantation,'' chaired by Ian R. Wanless and Andres T. Blei, discussed the mechanisms that mediate the microvascular injury often observed after liver transplantation and during sepsis.
Proteome analysis of the responses of <b><i>Panax ginseng</i></b> C. A. Meyer leaves to high light: Use of electrospray ionization quadrupole‐time of flight mass spectrometry and expressed sequence tag data (2003)

We performed comparative proteomic analyses in order to understand the physiological responses of ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) to high light (HL). As a first step, we analyzed the proteins expressed in ginseng leaves. Proteins extracted from leaves were separated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Protein spots were identified by tandem mass spectra analysis using electrospray ionization quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (ESI Q-TOF MS). We used a ginseng expressed sequence tag (EST) database as well as a nonredundant protein database from NCBI to identify proteins. Eighty-one proteins were identified using the nr protein database, 51 of which were also verified from the ginseng EST database. An additional 66 proteins were identified only from the ginseng EST database. Proteins that function in energy metabolism, protein stabilization, and protection against oxidative stress were abundant. To understand the light responses of ginseng leaves, we studied time dependent changes in expressed proteins produced by 0-4 h of HL exposure. Six HL-responsive proteins were identified: three proteins were up-regulated (cytosolic small heat-shock protein, cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase, and putative major latex-like protein) and three proteins were down-regulated (Rieske Fe/S protein, putative 3-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/isomerase-like protein, and oxygen-evolving enhancer-like protein). Our results show that the ginseng EST database combined with ESI Q-TOF MS analysis can be used to identify ginseng proteins and to elucidate the protective mechanism of ginseng against HL induced damage.
Biomechanical evaluation of a pulmonary artery autograft in the Ross procedure with and without a PEARS reinforcement (2015)

status: Published
THE INHIBITED AUTOXIDATION OF STYRENE: PART I.THE DEUTERIUM ISOTOPE EFFECT FOR INHIBITION BY 2,6-DI-<i>tert</i>-BUTYL-4-METHYLPHENOL (1962)

Most previous work on the inhibition of autoxidation by phenols has indicated that the reaction involves abstraction of the phenolic hydrogen. However, the apparent absence of any appreciable deuterium isotope effect made it difficult to believe that abstraction could be rate controlling. The present work using styrene as the substrate, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methyl-phenol as the inhibitor, and azo-bis-isobutyronitrile as the initiator has shown that this reaction has an unexpectedly large isotope effect, e.g. ~10.6 at 65 °C. Previous failures to detect an isotope effect are attributed to the rapid exchange of deuterium which takes place between deuterated phenols and traces of moisture or other hydroxyl-containing compounds present in the substrate. Rate constants and activation energies for some of the elementary reactions in the inhibited and uninhibited oxidation of styrene have been measured. It is suggested that a compound which functions in the same way as a weak phenolic inhibitor is formed in the apparently uninhibited oxidation.
Doble regulación de la expresión génica de la histona H2A de Trypanosoma cruzi (1997)

En el protozoo parásito Trypanosoma cruzi la histona H2A está codificada por dos unidades génicas, organizadas en dos agrupaciones independientes localizadas en un mismo cromosoma. Estas unidades se diferencian por la adición de una secuencia de inserción en el extremo 3' de la unidad básica, y dan lugar a dos tránscritos poliadenilados de 1 y 0,7 Kb de tamaño. La presencia de mensajeros para la H2A en el citoplasma del parásito es específica de los estadios replicativos a través de una regulación transcripcional. En estos estadios replicativos el nivel de mensajeros para la H2A está sujeto a una regulación post-transcripcional acoplada a la replicación del ADN.
Non-exchange of Oxygen between Water and Some Compounds of Nitrogen<sup>1</sup> (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNon-exchange of Oxygen between Water and Some Compounds of Nitrogen1Francis Bonner and Jacob BigeleisenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 19, 4944–4945Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01139a501https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01139a501research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views35Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A new room temperature FET-ammonia sensor (2002)

We report a new FET sensor which can detect ammonia at room temperature. We discovered a new application of high T/sub c/ cuprates, commonly known as high temperature superconducting copper oxides. The gas sensing properties of thin films of these materials have been examined through work function measurements. Thin films of YBCO and BSCCO are prepared on oxidized silicon substrates. These are then used in a capacitively controlled field effect transistor. One plate of the capacitor is a gas sensitive film and the other one is a reference electrode which is connected to the FET gate electrode. The operating principle of this sensor is based on the change in work function of the sensitive film due to gas adsorption on its surface. This is measured as change in transistor gate voltage. Measurements show that the nonamplified sensor signal is more than 10 mV for only 5 ppm of ammonia. Typical rise time of 24 sec and fall time of 250 sec are measured at 18°C. The sensor is selectively sensitive to ammonia and shows little or no response to hydrogen and hydrocarbon based gases. Measurements at different temperatures reveal that the sensor performs optimally in the 15-25°C temperature range. Device sensitivity to carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen and hydrogen gases has been found to be negligibly low. Thus a new FET sensor capable of sensing ammonia with selectivity around room temperature is reported in this paper.
Expanding the molecular weaponry of bacterial species (2018)

The type VI secretion system (T6SS) delivers toxic effectors between Gram-negative bacteria. Most antibacterial T6SS effectors are peptidoglycanases, nucleases, or lipases. In the current work, Tang et al. structurally and functionally characterize a novel family of NAD(P)+-hydrolyzing effectors (NADases), thus expanding the documented types of T6SS substrates. Bioinformatic identification of NADase family members putatively secreted by the bacteriolytic type VII secretion system (T7SS) of Gram-positive bacteria further points to NADases as a diverse and important class of effectors. The type VI secretion system (T6SS) delivers toxic effectors between Gram-negative bacteria. Most antibacterial T6SS effectors are peptidoglycanases, nucleases, or lipases. In the current work, Tang et al. structurally and functionally characterize a novel family of NAD(P)+-hydrolyzing effectors (NADases), thus expanding the documented types of T6SS substrates. Bioinformatic identification of NADase family members putatively secreted by the bacteriolytic type VII secretion system (T7SS) of Gram-positive bacteria further points to NADases as a diverse and important class of effectors. Diverse NADase effector families mediate interbacterial antagonism via the type VI secretion systemJournal of Biological ChemistryVol. 293Issue 5PreviewThe bacterial type VI secretion system (T6SS) mediates antagonistic cell–cell interactions between competing Gram-negative bacteria. In plant-beneficial bacteria, this pathway has been shown to suppress the growth of bacterial pathogens; however, the identification and mode of action of T6SS effector proteins that mediate this protective effect remain poorly defined. Here, we identify two previously uncharacterized effectors required for interbacterial antagonism by the plant commensal bacterium Pseudomonas protegens. Full-Text PDF Open Access