gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bolometric response in graphene based superconducting tunnel junctions (2012)

We fabricate graphene-TiOx-aluminum tunnel junctions and characterize their radio frequency response. Below the superconducting critical temperature of aluminum and when biased within the superconducting gap, the devices show enhanced dynamic resistance which increases with decreasing temperature. Application of radio frequency radiation affects the dynamic resistance through electronic heating. The relation between the electron temperature rise and the absorbed radiation power is measured, from which the bolometric parameters, including heat conductance, noise equivalent power, and responsivity, are characterized.
Frequency difference gating: A multivariate method for identifying subsets that differ between samples (2001)

Frequency Difference Gating is a powerful tool that automates the process of identifying events comprising underlying differences between samples. It is not a clustering tool; it is not meant to identify subsets in multidimensional space. Importantly, this method may reveal subtle changes in small populations of cells, changes that only occur simultaneously in multiple dimensions in such a way that identification by univariate or bivariate analyses is impossible. Finally, the method may significantly aid in the analysis of high-order multivariate data (i.e., 6-12 color flow cytometric analyses), where identification of differences between datasets becomes so time-consuming as to be impractical. Published 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Maximizing the use of food emulsifiers (2010)

Emulsifiers have been and remain highly functional ingredients in the food industry. Emulsifiers contain both hydrophilic and lipophilic parts, resulting in their ability to be useful in foods at very low levels. However, knowledge of why emulsifiers work and how to use them most effectively is reserved for the few scientists who specialize in the discipline. Therefore, a comparison of current emulsifier theory with known emulsifier usage in the industry is beneficial to all who use these ingredients. Current emulsifier theory effectively describes how emulsifiers behave in food systems. Emulsion theory details how emulsifiers facilitate the formation and stability of emulsions through study of the kinetics of food systems. Emulsion theory further relates the ability of emulsifiers to interact with other substances in a food system. The main interactions concerning emulsifiers are their ability to form mesophases with water, to strengthen or weaken protein interactions, to form complexes with starches, and to promote or subdue fat crystallization. However, industrial applications of emulsifiers indicate areas where exceptions to theory exist. While emulsion theory has been found to effectively describe the individual interactions and functions in food, the simplicity of the models indicates that complex food system models are still needed to truly understand how to maximize the functionality of emulsifiers.
Managing dynamic shared state in virtual space for collaborative design (2002)

When building the virtual world for distributed collaborative design, the senses of sharing the world and cooperation between physically distributed hosts and users are usually achieved by a maintained dynamic shared state. So that those events that happen in another physical location can be virtually "seen" by other participants, communication through a network is indispensable. Because of the limited network bandwidth and limited CPU resources reserved for communication in a virtual world simulation, reducing communication traffic is a critical issue. We present an efficient model, the improved "lazy model", to reduce communication for maintaining the dynamic shared state. We also propose an approximate method using AOI, area of interest, to enhance the implementation of this model.
Design and implementation of Chinese platform based on VxWokrs embedded system (2006)

The theory and implementation of Chinese platform based on component,the basic knowledge,design and output method of the raster and vector font are introduced,and the solution of Chinese inputting,position of Chinese platform in VxWorks embedded system are pointed out,which make it possibly to use Chinese in VxWorks OS freely。
Reduction of boron thermal diffusion in silicon by high energy fluorine implantation (2003)

This letter investigates the effect of a deep F+ implant on the diffusion of boron in silicon. The effects on boron thermal diffusion and transient enhanced diffusion are separately studied by characterizing the diffusion of a buried boron marker layer in wafers with and without a 185 keV, 2.3 ×1015 cm−2 F+ implant, and with and without a 288 keV, 6 ×1013 cm−2 P+ implant. In samples given both P+ and F+ implants, the fluorine completely eliminates the transient, enhanced boron diffusion caused by the P+ implant, and in samples implanted with F+ only, the fluorine suppresses the boron thermal diffusion by 65%. These results are explained by the effect of the fluorine on the vacancy concentration in the vicinity of the boron profile.
An investigation of a stoppable helicopter rotor with circulation control (1980)

A stoppable helicopter rotor with circulation control was investigated in the Ames 40 by 80 foot wind tunnel. The model was tested as a rotating wing, a fixed wing, and during transition start/stop sequences. The capability of the model's control system to maintain pitch and roll moment balance during the start/stop sequence, the ability of the blades to withstand the start/stop loads, the adequacy of the control system to maintain balance in the helicopter mode, and the control system capabilities in the fixed-wind mode were assessed. Time-history data of several start/stop sequences of the X-wing rotor, and the steady-state data relating to the model as both a rotor and as a fixed-wing aircraft are presented. In addition, stability data are presented which were acquired during open-loop and closed-loop tests of the hub moment feedback control system.
Optimizing plant performance through power distribution monitoring (2003)

The introduction of the microprocessor into metering, protection and control products throughout the power distribution system has provided stand-alone devices with the ability to communicate the information used to perform their standard functions back to a central monitoring point cost effectively. The author focuses on the benefits to overall plant productivity and efficiency as a result of these devices and their inexpensive communication capabilities. Topics covered include device evolution, communications the value of monitoring using so-called smart devices, and the cost of power monitoring.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
3D printing: the new industrial revolution (2013)

This publication contains reprint articles for which IEEE does not hold copyright. Full text is not available on IEEE Xplore for these articles.
<i>Rhodococcus equi</i> and <i>Arcanobacterium haemolyticum</i>: Two "Coryneform" Bacteria Increasingly Recognized as Agents of Human Infection (1997)

Rhodococcus equi and Arcanobacterium haemolyticum, formerly classified in the genus Corynebacterium, are members of the loosely defined taxon "coryneform" bacteria. Although they are the etiologic agents of distinct human infections, both organisms are frequently overlooked, which results in missed or delayed diagnoses. R. equi, long known as an important pathogen of immature horses, has become in the past three decades an opportunistic pathogen of severely immunosuppressed humans. Most cases are secondary to HIV infection. When specifically sought in throat swab cultures, A. haemolyticum is found responsible for 0.5% to 2.5% of bacterial pharyngitis, especially among adolescents. These two microorganisms represent a spectrum of disease in humans: from a mild, common illness to a rare life-threatening infection. Each organism elaborates lipid hydrolyzing enzymes (cholesterol oxidase by R. equi and sphingomyelinase D by A. haemolyticum) that are toxic to animals and humans and damaging to mammalian cell membranes. The participation of the cytotoxins in pathogenicity is discussed. Greater awareness of the properties of these two bacteria may promote faster, more accurate diagnoses and better clinical management.
Isolation and characterization of an alginase from mucoid strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1984)

Strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa which produce an alginate-like slime polysaccharide were shown to also synthesize an intracellular enzyme which can degrade these polysaccharides and the seaweed alginic acids. The enzyme acts as an eliminase introducing delta 4,5 unsaturation into the uronic acid moiety. It appears to be a polymannuronide lyase which degrades the polysaccharides, depending on their uronic acid composition, to a series of oligosaccharides, the smallest of which is a disaccharide. L-Guluronic acid linkages are not split. The Pseudomonas alginase resembles other bacterial alginases and enzymes from molluscs but differs in some important properties, such as extent of degradation and linkage preference. Nonmucoid forms of the organism produce detectable but much lower amounts of enzyme.
The Athenian <i>Iliad</i> of the Sixth Century - George Melvillé Bolling: Ilias Atheniensium. The Athenian Iliad of the Sixth Century B.C. (Special Publication of the American Philological Association with the co-operation of the Linguistic Society of America.) Pp. x + 18 + (600 approx.) Lancaster, Pa.: American Philological Society, 1950. Cloth, $5. (1952)

The Athenian Iliad of the Sixth Century - George Melvillé Bolling: Ilias Atheniensium. The Athenian Iliad of the Sixth Century B.C. (Special Publication of the American Philological Association with the co-operation of the Linguistic Society of America.) Pp. x + 18 + (600 approx.) Lancaster, Pa.: American Philological Society, 1950. Cloth, $5. - Volume 2 Issue 1
Synthesis and analgesic activity of new phencyclidine derivatives. (1994)

New phencyclidine derivatives having structural similarities with the well known 4-phenylpiperidine narcotic analgesics were synthesized characterized and their anti-nociceptive activity tested in mice by the hot-plate and tail-flick tests. Structure-activity relationships for these compounds further point to the importance of a second aryl moiety at position 4 of the piperidine ring of phencyclidine. In addition, the presence of a hydroxyl group in close proximate to the lipophilic moiety is vital for analgesic activity.
Small‐size internal eight‐band LTE/WWAN mobile phone antenna with internal distributed LC matching circuit (2010)

Abstract A coupled‐fed planar inverted‐F antenna (PIFA) to be mounted at the small no‐ground portion of the system circuit board of the mobile phone with a low profile of 10 mm to the system ground plane and a thin profile of 3 mm to the system circuit board is presented.The proposed small‐size PIFA is formed by a simple structure of two radiating strips of different lengths, both capacitively fed by a coupling feed and short circuited to the system ground plane by a shorting strip. The coupling feed and shorting strip together function as an internal distributed LC matching circuit, with the coupling feed as a capacitive element and the shorting strip as an inductive element. This internal distributed LC matching circuit has an equivalent layout as the conventional external high‐pass LC matching circuit with lumped elements; both are effective in tuning the antenna's lower band bandwidth. In addition, the antenna with the proposed internal distributed LC matching circuit, in this study, can lead to much widened bandwidths in both the antenna's lower and upper bands to cover the 698–960 and 1710–2690 MHz bands, respectively. That is, eight‐band LTE/WWAN operation can be achieved. Results of the proposed antenna with the internal distributed LC matching circuit are presented. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52:2244–2250, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience. wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.25431
Definition and application of metaclasses in an object-oriented database model (2002)

The metalevel concepts for an object-oriented database model are presented. Usually, systems that include a metaclass concept are either only implicitly supporting the management of meta information, which restricts the application of this concept, or explicitly giving unrestricted access to manipulate metaclasses, which results in inconsistent states of the system. To make the explicit support more system-controlled, the metascheme is partitioned into two parts: the system view and the application view. Possible scheme level operations, the representation of methods and their implementation as a special kind of meta information, and a simple extension to the query algebra of the underlying object-oriented database system that allow users to query objects and metaobjects within a single algebra expression are described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Tapping mode microwave impedance microscopy (2009)

We report tapping mode microwave impedance imaging based on atomic force microscope platforms. The shielded cantilever probe is critical to localize the tip-sample interaction near the tip apex. The modulated tip-sample impedance can be accurately simulated by the finite-element analysis and the result agrees quantitatively to the experimental data on a series of thin-film dielectric samples. The tapping mode microwave imaging is also superior to the contact mode in that the thermal drift in a long time scale is totally eliminated and an absolute measurement on the dielectric properties is possible. We demonstrated tapping images on working nanodevices, and the data are consistent with the transport results.
Improved electron mobility by AlAs spacer in one-sided selectively doped Al<i>x</i>Ga1−<i>x</i>As/GaAs multiple quantum well heterostructures (1987)

One-sided selectively Si-doped n-AlxGa1−xAs/GaAs multiple quantum well heterostructures were grown by molecular beam epitaxy, which exhibit an enhanced mobility of more than 6×105 cm2/V s at 4 K using a binary AlAs spacer as narrow as 4.5 nm. In this heterostructure the two-dimensional electron gas is formed at the all-binary GaAs/AlAs interface of the constituent asymmetric GaAs quantum wells. The periodic sequence of electrically not coupled electron channels of high mobility with a spacing of about 133 nm is attractive for fundamental investigations; e.g., coupled-layer plasmon modes have been studied which give important information on the carrier density profile.
A tutorial on microwave photonic filters (2006)

Microwave photonic filters are photonic subsystems designed with the aim of carrying equivalent tasks to those of an ordinary microwave filter within a radio frequency (RF) system or link, bringing supplementary advantages inherent to photonics such as low loss, high bandwidth, immunity to electromagnetic interference (EMI), tunability, and reconfigurability. There is an increasing interest in this subject since, on one hand, emerging broadband wireless access networks and standards spanning from universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) to fixed access picocellular networks and including wireless local area network (WLAN), World Interoperability for Microwave Access, Inc. (WIMAX), local multipoint distribution service (LMDS), etc., require an increase in capacity by reducing the coverage area. An enabling technology to obtain this objective is based on radio-over-fiber (RoF) systems where signal processing is carried at a central office to where signals are carried from inexpensive remote antenna units (RAUs). On the other hand, microwave photonic filters can find applications in specialized fields such as radar and photonic beamsteering of phased-arrayed antennas, where dynamical reconfiguration is an added value. This paper provides a tutorial introduction of this subject to the reader not working directly in the field but interested in getting an overall introduction of the subject and also to the researcher wishing to get a comprehensive background before working on the subject.
On the relationship between dynamic visual and auditory processing and literacy skills; results from a large primary‐school study (2002)

Three hundred and fifty randomly selected primary school children completed a psychometric and psychophysical test battery to ascertain relationships between reading ability and sensitivity to dynamic visual and auditory stimuli. The first analysis examined whether sensitivity to visual coherent motion and auditory frequency resolution differed between groups of children with different literacy and cognitive skills. For both tasks, a main effect of literacy group was found in the absence of a main effect for intelligence or an interaction between these factors. To assess the potential confounding effects of attention, a second analysis of the frequency discrimination data was conducted with performance on catch trials entered as a covariate. Significant effects for both the covariate and literacy skill was found, but again there was no main effect of intelligence, nor was there an interaction between intelligence and literacy skill. Regression analyses were conducted to determine the magnitude of the relationship between sensory and literacy skills in the entire sample. Both visual motion sensitivity and auditory sensitivity to frequency differences were robust predictors of children's literacy skills and their orthographic and phonological skills.
Software test automation practices in agile development environment: an industry experience report (2012)

The increased importance of Test Automation in software engineering is very evident considering the number of companies investing in automated testing tools nowadays, with the main aim of preventing defects during the development process. Test Automation is considered an essential activity for agile methodologies being the key to speed up the quality assurance process. This paper presents empirical observations and the challenges of a test team new to agile practices and Test Automation using open source testing tools integrated in software projects that use the Scrum methodology. The results obtained showed some important issues to be discussed and the Test Automation practices collected based on the experiences and lessons learned.
Genetic study for some pod characters in vegetable cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) (2013)

Pod characters like pod length, pod weight, number of pods per cluster and number of pods per plant are very important yield component which determines the marketable green pod yield in vegetable cowpea. Line x Tester (6x4) analysis of in cowpea exhibited significant differences among parents and their crosses for all these characters. ICP-38 x Arka Garima, ICP-45 x Pusa Komal and ICP-42 x Indira Hari exhibited maximum positive magnitude for relative heterosis, heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis respectively for pod length. Crosses ICP-42 x Arka Garima and ICP-54 x Indira Hari showed maximum positive magnitude for relative heterosis, heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis for pod weight and number of pods per plant respectively.  Additive genetic variance was predominant for pod length and pod weight whereas, non-additive gene action for number of pods per cluster and number of pods per plant. ICP-42, ICP-45, Pusa Komal, Arka Garima and Indira Hari were good general combiner for pod length and pod weight. ICP-42, Arka Garima and Khalleshwari were good general combiners for number of pods per cluster whereas, ICP-38 and ICP-54 for number of pods per plant. The crosses ICP-42 x Indira Hari, ICP-26 x Khalleshwari, ICP-42 x Indira Hari and ICP-42 x Arka Garima were identified as best specific combiners for all the traits.
The elements of complex analysis (1983)

Some of the welcome features of the book are: proofs and motivation for the theory: examples are provided to illustrate the concepts; exercises of various levels of difficulty are given at the end of every chapter: keeping in view the applied nature of the subject, ordinary linear homogeneous differential equations of the second order and conformal mapping and its applications are given more attention than most other books: uniform approximation and elliptic functions are treated in great detail; there is also a detailed treatment of Harmonic Functions, Weierstrass approximation theorem, analytic continuation, Riemann mapping theorem, homological version of Cauchys theorem and its applications; diagrams are provided whenever feasible to help the reader develop skill in using imagination to visualise abstract ideas; and, solutions to some selected exercises which involve lot of new ideas and theoretical considerations have been provided at the end.
A Revision of Australian <i>Teramachia</i> (1989)

Abstract Based on a comparison of type material Teramachia dalli claydoni Poppe, 1986 and T. dupreyae Emerson, 1985 are synonymized with T. dalli (Bartsch, 1942) and T. johnsoni (Bartsch, 1942) respectively. Additional data on the occurrence of both species on the continental slope off the North West Shelf of Western Australia, based on specimens in the Western Australian Museum, is provided. Data presented include information on the shells, radulae, operculae, and geographic and vertical distribution.
The Perinucleolar Compartment (2010)

The perinucleolar compartment (PNC) is a subnuclear body characterized by its location to the periphery of the nucleolus. The PNC is a dynamic structure and is highly enriched in RNA-binding proteins and pol III RNA. The structural stability of the PNC is dependent on continuous pol III transcription and the presence of key proteins. The PNC is associated with malignancy both in vitro and in vivo and its presence positively correlates with metastatic capacity, making it a potential cancer marker. Recent studies also suggest an association between the PNC and a specific DNA locus, and ongoing PNC research continues to focus on determining the structure and function of the PNC to understand its role in cancer. This article summarizes the current understanding of PNC structure and function with an emphasis on the association of PNC and malignancy.
Comparison of Back Propagation and Resilient Propagation Algorithm for Spam Classification (2013)

In this paper we compare the performance of back propagation and resilient propagation algorithms in training neural networks for spam classification. Back propagation algorithm is known to have issues such as slow convergence, and stagnation of neural network weights around local optima. Researchers have proposed resilient propagation as an alternative. Resilient propagation and back propagation are very much similar except for the weight update routine. Resilient propagation does not take into account the value of the partial derivative (error gradient), but rather considers only the sign of the error gradient to indicate the direction of the weight update. We show that resilient propagation yields faster convergence and higher accuracy on the UCI Spambase dataset.
A Brief Report of Research (2009)

The purpose of this study was to determine nursing care for deceased patients among intensive care unit nurses. This prospective, observational study was conducted in Istanbul, Turkey. The sample consisted of 20 intensive care nurses caring for 39 deceased patients during the study period. Researchers observed the care activities of the nurses and these were recorded. All the nurses closed the curtains or placed screens to separate the deceased patient from others and to allow some privacy for the family. Two nurses allowed the family to participate in the care. There was no difference in care activities according to the religious affiliation of the patients.