gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Functional relationships in small groups of neurons in the dorsal cochlear nucleus. (1991)

This dissertation describes research involving the investigation of functional relationships in small groups of individually recorded neurons in the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) of the guinea pig. The first section is a critical review of the general problem of neural system identification from multi-unit recordings, i.e., from observations of multiple single-neuron spike discharges, with an emphasis on the problem of identifying functional properties of the DCN. The second section reports the results of an experimental study in which multi-unit recordings of two to five neurons in the DCN were analyzed with respect to complex acoustic stimuli. The general neural system is considered a nonlinear multiple-input, multiple-output system composed of many elements whose interconnections are governed by underlying anatomical structure. The system identification problem is one of describing global functional properties of the system in terms of connections between elements and representations of external stimuli by groups of elements. Multi-unit recordings allow for estimation of stimulus-to-unit and unit-to-unit relationships for the observed units. Most of the system's elements are unobserved and their effects on system function cannot be directly estimated. Several unit-to-unit analysis methods are reviewed, with particular emphasis on correlation methods and intensity models. The experimental study investigated functional relationships between neurons in the DCN in response to noise stimulation. Multi-unit recordings of two to five neurons were obtained using thin-film, solid-state, multi-channel microelectrodes having multiple recording sites spanning 100 to 600 microns in a single plane. Twenty-three neural ensembles were observed, each of which consisted of units either in the same approximate isofrequency sheet or different isofrequency sheets. The spectro-temporal receptive field (STRF) of each individual unit was calculated to estimate stimulus-to-unit functional relationships. Unit-to-unit relationships for unit pairs were estimated with correlation analysis. Shared-stimulus driving between units was found to be associated with overlaps in the spectral extents of the units' STRFs; temporal patterns of shared-stimulus driving were consistent with temporal patterns of the STRFs. Units also exhibited a high degree of effective connectivity separate from stimulus driving and not related to tuning. These results are compared to previous work that used tonal stimuli.
Prolonged Chest Compressions during Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation for In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest due to Acute Pulmonary Embolism (2015)

Patients with hemodynamic collapse due to acute pulmonary embolism have a dismal prognosis if not treated rapidly. Therapeutic options include systemic thrombolytic therapy, rheolytic thrombectomy, and surgical embolectomy. However, the efficacy of thrombolytic therapy is diminished because the low-output state hinders effective delivery of the lytic agent to the thrombus. In the absence of any form of mechanical circulatory support, such as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation or cardiac surgery on site, we think that prolonged vigorous manual compressions might be the only way to support the circulation during the initial critical state, when thrombolytic therapy has been administered. We report the results of prolonged manual chest compressions (exceeding 30 minutes) on 6 patients who received tenecteplase in treatment of acute pulmonary embolism that induced in-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest. Four of 6 patients survived and were discharged from the hospital. In an era of increasing technologic complexity for patients with hemodynamic instability, we emphasize the importance of prolonged chest compressions, which can improve systemic perfusion, counteract the prothrombotic state associated with cardiopulmonary arrest, and give the lytic agent time to act.
Total synthesis of 6-deoxy-6-aminoheptopyranuronic acid derivatives (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal synthesis of 6-deoxy-6-aminoheptopyranuronic acid derivativesGiovanni Casiraghi, Lino Colombo, Gloria Rassu, and Pietro SpanuCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 23, 6523–6527Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00023a015https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00023a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views339Altmetric-Citations61LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ASM Journals Eliminate Impact Factor Information from Journal Websites (2016)

Editor's note: This editorial is published simultaneously by the following ASM journals: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy , Applied and Environmental Microbiology , Clinical Microbiology Reviews , Infection and Immunity , Journal of Clinical Microbiology , mBio , Microbiology and Molecular
Stimulus response coupling in the human neutrophil. I. Kinetic analysis of changes in calcium permeability. (1984)

The relationship between receptor-ligand interaction in human neutrophils and initiation of enhanced Ca permeability ("45Ca uptake") has been correlated with cell function. Different ligands varied in their efficacy in provoking 45Ca permeability changes: chemotactic peptide f-Met-Leu-Phe greater than concanavalin A greater than immune complexes greater than phorbol myristate acetate. Mixtures of stimuli at optimal concentrations elicited no summation of responses, indicating that interaction of f-Met-Leu-Phe, concanavalin A, and phorbol myristate acetate with their respective "receptors" regulates a common site of 45Ca uptake. The onset of Ca uptake was an early event, preceding onset of aggregation, O-2 generation, and degranulation. Enhanced 45Ca permeability during neutrophil activation is dependent on mobilization of intracellular Ca, since 8-(N,N-diethylamino)-octyl:3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate hydrochloride was a potent inhibitor of the Ca permeability response. In contrast, calmodulin antagonists did not inhibit Ca permeability changes; the requirement for calmodulin in the physiological responses of aggregation, O-2 generation, and degranulation must therefore be subsequent to activation of the "Ca translocator." We propose a role for a "Ca-translocating mechanism" as an amplifying factor in neutrophil activation.
Perchlorophenyl-silicon compounds. Crystal and molecular structure of perchlorotriphenylsilane (1987)

The synthesis of tris(pentachlorophenyl)silane (1), perchlorotriphenylsilane (2), and bromotris(pentachlorophenyl)silane (3) are reported for the first time, the hydrolysis of (2) and (3) under neutral conditions giving tris(pentachlorophenyl)silanol (4); the structure of the silane (2) has been established by X-ray crystallography.
THE FOAMING PROPERTIES OF BEER (1985)

Beer foam is reviewed in terms of the physical principles which underly it, its measurement and the components of beer which affects its formation and stability. The influence of processing conditions on foam production, retention and cling are detailed.)
Results of intraarterial cisplatin and hyperfractionated radiotherapy in locally advanced cancer of the oropharynx and oral cavity (2006)

5563 Background: Intraarterial cisplatin and hyperfractionated radiation (HYPERADPLAT) is an accepted therapy for Stage III and IV head and neck cancer. We present long-term follow-up of patients with OP and OC cancer treated with HYPERADPLAT at a single institution. Methods: 44 patients with Stage III-IV squamous cell carcinomas of the OP or OC were treated with the HYPERRADPLAT regimen consisting of external beam radiotherapy (76.8–81.6 Gy) delivered in 1.2 Gy BID fractions with intraarterial cisplatin (150 mg/m 2 ) administered when patients had reached 60 Gy. Tumor response, disease free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and toxicity were assessed for all patients according to NCI CCT criteria. Results: Of 44 patients, 21 had tumors of the base of tongue, 14-tonsil, 4-floor of mouth, and 5-other. Eighty eight percent of patients had T4 tumors and 7% had T3 tumors. Complete tumor response was observed in 86% of patients and 14% had a partial response. Lymph node metastases were present in 84% of patients with 78% of node positive patients having a complete nodal response and 19% with a partial response to treatment. Three-year DFS was 55% and OS was 45%. Locoregional recurrence was noted in 30% of patients and 16% had distant failure. Overall recurrence was noted in 47% of patients with a median time to recurrence of 8 months (range 4–55 months). Median weight loss during treatment was 9% of initial body weight and 28 patients required a feeding tube within 6 months of starting treatment. Grade 3 mucositis was noted in 68% of patients and 3 patients developed Grade 4 toxicity (2 mucosal, 1 hematologic). Conclusions: HYPERRADPLAT results in excellent tumor control that is well tolerated with minimal Grade 4 toxicity in patients with advanced poor prognosis cancers of the OP and OC. These results compare favorably with historically reported control rates and response for patients with a significantly high percentage of T4 tumors of the oropharynx and oral cavity. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Synthesis, characterization, and properties in aqueous solution of poly(starch‐<i>g</i>‐[1‐amido‐ethylene)‐co‐(sodium 1‐(2‐methylprop‐2<i>N</i>‐<i>yl</i>‐1‐sulfonate)amidoethylene)]) (1987)

Abstract Graft terpolymers of starch, 2‐propenamide, and sodium 2‐methyl‐3‐imino‐4‐oxohex‐5‐ene‐1‐sulfonate can be made by cerium‐IV‐initiated, free‐radical polymerization of an aqueous monomer mixture on starch. Synthesis is conducted on aqueous, gelled, lintnerized potato starch at 30°C under a nitrogen atmosphere. Yields range from 50 to 100 wt % and products contain 9–52 wt % starch, 1–51 wt % 1‐acidoethylene, and 18–65 wt % sodium 1‐(2‐methylprop‐2 N‐yl ‐1‐sulfonate)amidoethylene. Repeat unit ratios in the reaction product approximate monomer ratios in the reaction mixture. Fraction of starch grafted in a reaction decreases as the mole fraction of sulfonated monomer in the reaction mixture increases. No proof has been found for grafting of synthetic side chains to starch in monomer mixtures containing only sulfonated monomer. Starch graft copolymers with side chains composed of 1‐amidoethylene units and a sulfonated 1‐amidoethylene unit derivative, 1‐(sodium[2‐methylprop‐2 N‐yl ‐1‐sulfonate])amidoethylene, are water‐soluble, thickening agents. The rheology of solutions of these copolymers is a function of the ratio of nonsulfonated to sulfonated repeat units in the synthetic chains of the molecule. Aqueous solutions of these products are shear thinning and have power law exponents which decrease 1) with increasing product concentration or 2) as the nonsulfonated to sulfonated repeat unit ratio moves toward 3/1. Limiting viscosity number of product in water decreases with increasing shear rate of measurement or with increasing salt concentration of the solvent. Formulas are derived from the theories of Kirkwood and Flory which show that for copolymers with constant molecular weight, expansion coefficient, and limiting viscosity number increase as the fraction of sulfonate‐containing repeat units in the chain increase. This theoretical requirement and the limiting viscosity data for groups of samples prepared under identical synthesis conditions are used to show that molecular weight of the graft copolymer decreases as the fraction of sulfonated repeat units in the copolymer increases. Screen factor measurements show product solutions to be viscoelastic.
Immunogenetic analysis of HLA Class II in premalignant disease of the cervix and correlation with HPV status (1999)

The human papilloma virus (HPY) infection has a causal association with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer. However, pre-malignant or malignant transformation is not always observed with HPY infection. lILA molecules are important in the regulation of the immune response to foreign antigens. The role of genetic variation at the HLA class II loci (DR and DQ) in CIN was investigated in 176 British Caucasian patients and 420 controls (normal cervical cytology and negative for HPY 16, 18, 31 and 33). HLA DQB 1 *03 typing was performed by a novel polymerase chain reactionrestriction fragment length polymorphism method (A-RFLP). The technique uses PCR to mutate the first base of codon 40 (DQ alleles) from T to G to create an artificial restriction site for an enzyme, <i>MluI</i>, which distinguishes DQB 1 *03 from other alleles and is confirmed by digestion of amplified DNA with <i>MluI</i>. Further HLA DR-DQ typing was performed by PCR DNA amplification and oligonucleotide probe typing. HPY types (16, 18, 31 & 33) were detected by using type-specific oligonucleotide primers and PCR. The alleles of the DQB 1 *03, DRB 1 *04 and DRB 1 * 11 groups were strongly associated with susceptibility to CIN. Specifically the haplotypes DRB 1 *040 I-DQB 1 *0301 and DRBl*1101-DQB1*0301 were significant and indicated susceptibility. The DQBl*03 locus was more contributory to this association than the DRB 1 loci. A weak protective effect was shown for the haplotype DRB 1 *0 10 I-DQB 1 *0501. Positive correlation was also observed for HPY-positive CIN, suggesting that specific HLA alleles may be important in determining the immune response to HPY antigens and the risk for CIN after HPY infection. Immunoaffinity purification of the susceptibility and protective HLA ~ molecules was performed and the naturally processed peptides were eluted and sequenced by Edman degradation. The data obtained was used for motif prediction of HPY 16 E6, E7, Ll and L2 sequences that may be capable of binding to these HLA molecules. Motif prediction as well as the binding affinity of predicted peptide motifs for HLA D RB 1 *0401 and DRB 1 *0 10 1 was accomplished using the published data' on the naturally bound peptide sequences bound to these HLA molecules. The results revealed significant differences in both the number and binding affinity of the HPV 16 derived peptides to the protective and susceptibility HLA molecules. These results should help in the rational design of vaccines against HPV.
Monolithic Transmit Modules for a Multibeam Ku-Band Phased-Array Antenna (1988)

This paper presents the design and performance of Ku-band transmit modules that were developed for insertion in a multibeam active phased array. The design considerations and performance of the transmit module's monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) elements are also presented. These elements include a 5-bit digital attenuator (15.5-dB range and 0.5-dB resolution), a 5-bit digital time-delay circuit (360° range and 11.25° resolution), amplifiers, and the array controller.
Vagally mediated gastric relaxation induced by intestinal nutrients in the dog (1986)

Using a gastric barostat to measure gastric tone, we previously demonstrated that nutrient perfusion into the intestine induces gastric relaxation. To investigate the pathway of this enterogastric reflex we surgically isolated the vagi either in a cervical skin tunnel (3 dogs) or within an implanted supradiaphragmatic cooling jacket (3 dogs). In the conscious fasted dogs, cervical or supradiaphragmatic vagal blockade by cooling (5 degrees C X 10 min) induced a reversible gastric relaxation. Bethanechol (0.2 mg X kg-1 X h-1 iv) alone or in combination with adrenergic blockers (phentolamine 1.5 mg X kg-1 X h-1 + propranolol 0.3 mg X kg-1 X h-1) suppressed the cooling-induced relaxation but did not abolish gastric relaxation induced by intestinal nutrient perfusion (Osmolite, 3.1 ml/min). At this point, vagal cooling, either cervical or supradiaphragmatic, reversibly blocked the nutrient-induced gastric relaxation: gastric tone significantly increased driven by the cholinergic background and reverted after vagal rewarming to the previous relaxed state. We conclude that intestinal nutrients induce gastric relaxation by a nonadrenergic noncholinergic mechanism. This reflex is mediated by fibers contained in the vagus nerves at both cervical and supradiaphragmatic levels.
Postgastrectomy Afferent Loop Obstruction Simulating Acute Pancreatitis* (1960)

Hinshaw, DAVID B. M.D.; Carter, RICHARD M.D.; Baker, HARVEY W.; Wise, ROBERT A. M.D. Author Information
Further Investigation of Pigmentary Changes After Alexandrite Laser Hair Removal in Conjunction With Cryogen Spray Cooling (2004)

KELLY, KRISTEN M. MD; SVAASAND, LARS O. PhD; NELSON, J. STUART MD, PhD Author Information
The Need for Marketing Engineering (1959)

The Industrial Revolution produced an applied science of industrial engineering. As the spotlight has shifted from manufacturing to marketing, however, no similarly systematic treatment has appeared for the “creative” techniques of distribution. Ninety-eight per cent of new products fail. Yet the years have revealed many examples of successful introduction of new products; and the author believes that these cases should be classified and indexed into a ten-part loose-leaf treasury of marketing tactics. From this step might follow the other elements of scientific method: deduction, hypothesis, and verification.
Primary aortoduodenal fistula – overlooked because of guidelines? (2020)

Primary aortoduodenal fistula is an uncommon yet mostly lethal finding. We present a case of a 63 year-old male who exhibited significant upper gastrointestinal bleeding and hemorrhagic shock. Repeated endoscopies did not detect any source of bleeding. Emergency laparotomy disclosed an aortoduodenal fistula. Despite intense medical efforts for several months the patient did not fully recover and treatment was limited to palliative care. In light of the substantial mortality associated with this condition, computed tomography imaging should be performed in case of doubt to prevent delayed diagnosis.
Scaling up the Single Transducer Thickness-Independent Ultrasonic Imaging Method for Accurate Characterization of Microstructural Gradients in Monolithic and Composite Tubular Structures (1998)

Ultrasonic velocity/time-of-flight imaging that uses back surface reflections to gauge volumetric material quality is highly suited for quantitative characterization of microstructural gradients including those due to pore fraction, density, fiber fraction, and chemical composition variations. However, a weakness of conventional pulse-echo ultrasonic velocity/time-of-flight imaging is that the image shows the effects of thickness as well as microstructural variations unless the part is uniformly thick. This limits this imaging method's usefulness in practical applications. Prior studies have described a pulse-echo time-of-flight-based ultrasonic imaging method that requires using a single transducer in combination with a reflector plate placed behind samples that eliminates the effect of thickness variation in the image. In those studies, this method was successful at isolating ultrasonic variations due to material microstructure in plate-like samples of silicon nitride, metal matrix composite, and polymer matrix composite. In this study, the method is engineered for inspection of more complex-shaped structures-those having (hollow) tubular/curved geometry. The experimental inspection technique and results are described as applied to (1) monolithic mullite ceramic and polymer matrix composite 'proof-of-concept' tubular structures that contain machined patches of various depths and (2) as-manufactured monolithic silicon nitride ceramic and silicon carbide/silicon carbide composite tubular structures that might be used in 'real world' applications.
Postoperative Analgesie nach Knie-TEP (2015)

The perioperative treatment with an IAC system is an easy technique, which ensures a markedly faster ambulation following TKA compared to the treatment with continuous FNB. Hence, its usage, especially in fast-track concepts can be recommended. In this study, a comparison of pain intensity, the additional requirement of opioids and early range of motion (ROM) offers no benefits compared to FNB. Due to time savings cost reduction can be achieved.
Characterization of <i>N</i>‐cadherin mRNA in chicken brain and heart by means of oligonucleotide probes (1990)

It has previously been reported, that there is only one mRNA of 4.3 kb for chicken N-cadherin in brain and heart and one gene [(1988) J. Cell Biol. 106, 873-881]. Using three synthetic oligonucleotide probes derived from the published chicken N-cadherin cDNA sequence we found hybridization to at least four mRNAs in chicken brain and heart. The measured sizes were 8.0, 4.7, 3.8, and 3.3 kb. The 8.0 kb mRNA is only seen in brain, and only when a cytoplasmic probe is employed. The 3.8 kb mRNA is only observed in heart.
LLRF CONTROL ALGORITHM FOR APEX (2012)

The Advanced Photo-cathode EXperiment (APEX) is an ongoing experiment of a high repetition rate low emittance VHF band gun (1). A low level RF (LLRF) control and monitoring subsystem is developed based on 5 LLRF4 (2) boards. One of them is used for low level RF control and the other 4 are used as interlocks and RF monitors at differ- ent points of the system. The synchronization of the pho- tocathode laser is also controlled relative to the RF system. This paper summarizes the control algorithms implemented in the system firmware. cavity, and provide a user interface to monitor and control the system. Currently, the cavity frequency tuner has not been installed yet, so the RF drive frequency must be ad- justed to follow changes in the cavity resonance frequency. The LLRF system for APEX consists of one RF con- trol chassis and two monitor and interlock chassis. The RF control chassis drives a solid state amplifier followed by a 60 kW tetrodes to feed the cavity, and it also phase locks the laser to the same cavity frequency. The monitor and interlock chassis monitor multiple points along the RF dis- tribution line and provide interlock signals. The cavity is fed by two symmetric input couplers, so the RF drive sig- nal is split and amplified separately. In each of these chassis, the RF signal are mixed with a common Local Oscillator (LO) to generate the Intermedi- ate Frequency (IF) signal, one (for the RF control) or two (for the interlock and monitoring) LLRF4 boards are used to process the IF signal and generate control signal accord- ingly. The FPGA (Xilinx XC3S1000) and ADC clock is fclk = 100MHz. The ADC digitize the IF frequency and feed the data to the FPGA to be processed. The LO fre- quency in the chassis is twice the clock frequency. The nominal relationship between the RF/laser frequency and the clock frequency is