gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New Approach to the Local Synthesis of Spiral Bevel Gears (2007)

The generating of two spiral bevel gears by the plane-top generating wheel with essentially different parameters of the head-cutter installation and motion is considered. For this case the necessary and sufficient conditions providing coincidence of normal vectors and surface curvatures in the designed point are presented as the vector equations system. The relations among blade pressure angle, head-cutter radius, radial distance, tool installation angle, machine centre to back, blank offset and velocity ratio are obtained. The developed methods make the opportunity to design equivalent machine-tool settings, to extend manufacturing possibilities of gear-cutting machines and to raise the load rating of the gear drive.
Immunochemistry of sperm-whale myoglobins prepared with various modified porphyrins and metalloporphyrins (1967)

1. The preparation and characterization of manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper and zinc metalloporphyrins is described. Ferrihaem was also esterified with pyrid-4-ylpropanol and the derivative characterized as the diester. 2. Complexes of these various porphyrins, as well as protoporphyrin IX, with apomyoglobin were formed and the resulting artificial myoglobins characterized. 3. Very little complex-formation was obtained with nickel, cobalt and manganese metalloporphyrins and apomyoglobin. 4. Myoglobin prepared with copper metalloporphyrin was immunochemically identical with native ferrimyoglobin. All the other artificial myoglobins were less reactive to varying degrees. 5. The changes in antigenic reactivities were attributed to conformational reorganization caused by the different co-ordination tendencies of the various metals or by the modification of the side chains of the haem.
TGF-ß Mediates the Tropism of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hMSCs) for Malignant Gliomas (2010)

Neurosurgery: August 2010 - Volume 67 - Issue 2 - p 560 doi: 10.1227/01.NEU.0000387046.76576.4E
Gene transfer of cytokine inhibitors into human synovial fibroblasts in the SCID mouse model (1999)

The data show that cytokines can be successfully inserted into the genome of human RA synovial fibroblasts using a retroviral vector delivery system, and that the SCID mouse model of human RA is a valuable tool for examining the effects of gene transfer. In addition, inhibition of more than one cytokine pathway may be required to inhibit both synovial- and chondrocyte-mediated cartilage destruction in RA.
VERNE - a five-axis parallel kinematics milling machine (2005)

Ten years ago a new kind of machine tool was presented in Chicago, based on parallel kinematics architectures. Since then, many of these parallel kinematics machines (PKMs) have been developed around the world. Their main interest lies in their high dynamic characteristics, which could help in going faster in high-speed milling. In order to develop high-speed milling on PKM tools and to highlight their potentialities, the French laboratory IRCCyN is now equipped with the VERNE. This PKM tool has been developed by the Spanish company Fatronik. However, the high-speed milling production process is a complex task, in which a great number of parameters influence the final precision of the part and the productivity of the machine. For example, the NC (numerical control) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) parameters (feed forward, milling strategies, etc.), the piece geometry, the machine structure, the tool, etc., have a direct consequence on the final part. Hence, a method has been developed in order to check the capability of the machine (either serial or parallel) in milling, which relies on two approaches. The first one is an experimental approach (either using a coordinate measuring machine or acquiring the output axis encoders), while the second one is a simulated approach. After introducing the kinematics of the VERNE, the experimental approach performed so far will be presented.
Coexistence of two types of Ca(2+)-activated K+ channels in rat renal arterioles (1996)

Single-channel K+ currents were characterized in vascular smooth muscle cells freshly isolated from preglomerular arterioles (15-40 microns OD) of the rat. Under conditions of symmetrical K+ (145 mM), two types of single-channel K+ currents with unitary slope conductances of 68 +/- 2.6 and 251 +/- 4.9 pS were recorded from excised inside-out membrane patches. The open state probability (NPo) of these two types of K+ channels was voltage sensitive and the channels were highly selective for K+ over Na+. Elevation of intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) from 0.1 to 0.5 microM on the cytoplasmic face of inside-out patches increased the frequency of opening and the NPo of both the 68-pS and the 251-pS K+ channels. Application of ATP (0.1-1 mM) to the internal surface of inside-out patches had no effect on the activities of both channel types. Internally applied Ba2+ (1 mM) blocked both of these channels. Externally applied tetraethylammonium (0.1-0.3 mM) or charybdotoxin (50 nM) blocked both the 68-pS and the 251-pS K+ channels. Externally applied apamin (50 nM), however, selectively blocked the 68-pS K+ channel but had no effect on the frequency of opening of the 251-pS K+ channel. Apamin also reduced macroscopic K+ current recorded from voltage-clamped rat renal arteriolar muscle cells by 25-30%. These results indicate the coexistence of two types of Ca(2+)-activated K+ channels in the membranes of vascular smooth muscle cell isolated from renal preglomerular arterioles of the rat that differ in unitary conductances and pharmacological properties.
Thiazoles and Thiopyridines: Novel Series of High Affinity h5HT<sub>7</sub> Ligands. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Les marques geogràfiques de qualitat europees i la conservació dels recursos fitogenètics hortícoles a Catalunya (2018)

Marques geogràfiques
Lifetime Heterogeneity of DNA-Bound dppz Complexes Originates from Distinct Intercalation Geometries Determined by Complex–Complex Interactions (2012)

Despite the extensive interest in structurally explaining the photophysics of DNA-bound [Ru(phen)(2)dppz](2+) and [Ru(bpy)(2)dppz](2+), the origin of the two distinct emission lifetimes of the pure enantiomers when intercalated into DNA has remained elusive. In this report, we have combined a photophysical characterization with a detailed isothermal titration calorimetry study to investigate the binding of the pure Δ and Λ enantiomers of both complexes with [poly(dAdT)](2). We find that a binding model with two different binding geometries, proposed to be symmetric and canted intercalation from the minor groove, as recently reported in high-resolution X-ray structures, is required to appropriately explain the data. By assigning the long emission lifetime to the canted binding geometry, we can simultaneously fit both calorimetric data and the binding-density-dependent changes in the relative abundance of the two emission lifetimes using the same binding model. We find that all complex-complex interactions are slightly unfavorable for Δ-[Ru(bpy)(2)dppz](2+), whereas interactions involving a complex canted away from a neighbor are favorable for the other three complexes. We also conclude that Δ-[Ru(bpy)(2)dppz](2+) preferably binds isolated, Δ-[Ru(phen)(2)dppz](2+) preferably binds as duplets of canted complexes, and that all complexes are reluctant to form longer consecutive sequences than triplets. We propose that this is due to an interplay of repulsive complex-complex and attractive complex-DNA interactions modulated by allosteric DNA conformation changes that are largely affected by the nature of the ancillary ligands.
The rotational and tunneling spectrum of the H2S⋅CO2 van der Waals complex (1990)

The rotational spectra of H2S⋅CO2 and two deuterated forms have been observed using a pulsed-beam Fourier-transform microwave spectrometer. For each of the three complexes we assign a-type and c-type transitions which are split into a ‘‘weak’’ and a ‘‘strong’’ intensity component. The analysis based on that previously used for the (H2O)2 complex and modified for application to H2S⋅CO2, allowed us to assign internal rotation, inversion tunneling states of the H2S and CO2 units in the complex. The following rotational constants were determined for the ground tunneling state of each species: for H2S⋅CO2, A=11 048.0(26) MHz, B=2147.786(4) MHz, and C=1806.468(4) MHz; for HDS⋅CO2, A=10 769(35) MHz, B=2107.26(24) MHz, and C=1775.83(24) MHz; and for D2S⋅CO2, A=10 356.2(28) MHz, B=2065.376(8) MHz, and C=1746.122(8) MHz. The electric dipole moments were determined for the H2S⋅CO2 and D2S⋅CO2 species, resulting in the values μa=0.410(14) D and μc=0.822(10) D for the H2S⋅CO2 species. The structure of the complex has the CO2 and the S atom of H2S in a T-shaped configuration. The H2S plane is nearly orthogonal to the CO2–S plane with an angle of about 92° and the H2S⋅CO2 center-of-mass separation Rc.m. is 3.498(3) Å.
Improving Mercury (II) Removal by Activated Carbon (1974)

Research was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of mercury (II) removal from water by activated carbon with and without chemical aids. Batch tests, adsorption isotherms, and column runs were made on various systems. Treatment with activated carbon alone was most effective at low pH. Addition of a precipitating chelate ammonium 1-1 pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate improved capacity for mercury removal. Treatment of the activated carbon surface with carbon disulfide was also effective in increasing carbon capacity for mercury as compared to untreated carbon. It was possible to reduce influent mercury (II) concentrations from 3 mg/l to below 5 ppb with most of the systems tested.
Divided DQ Small-Signal Model: A New Perspective for the Stability Analysis of Three-Phase Grid-Tied Inverters (2018)

The instability issues of the three-phase grid-tied inverters are major concerns in the distributed generated systems. However, due to the coupling effects in dq frame, the instability mechanisms of the three-phase inverters have not yet been clearly revealed. This paper presents a divided dq small-signal model of the grid-tied inverter in dq frame. The specific expressions of a small-signal output admittance of the inverter are investigated based on the proposed model, which can reveal the influencing mechanism of coupling effects and phase-locked loop (PLL) on the stability of the inverter. Then, a stability analysis method based on the divided dq small-signal model is proposed, by which the procedure of checking the stability of the grid-tied inverters with strong/weak grid is executed step by step, and it could be helpful for the system parameters design. Furthermore, the stability of the multiparalleled inverter system is also studied, and it indicates that as the number of the paralleled inverters increases, the parameters of PLL could be adjusted for a stable operation. The theoretical stability analysis results are verified by simulations and experiments.
Investigation of GaN-HEMTs in Reverse Conduction (2017)

This work investigates the reverse conduction characteristics of 600 V-class GaN-HEMTs. The behavior of a conventional HEMT is analyzed and compared to the reverse conduction of an improved HEMT structure with integrated free-wheeling diode. The characteristics of both structures are measured on fabricated test samples. Furthermore, the electrical behavior is analyzed with regards to the intrinsic layouts.
INSIGHT: subunit functions of the steroid/thyroid receptor family. (1993)

Two articles appearing in this month’s issue highlight the next phase in the complexities of the steroid/thyroid receptor family of gene regulatory proteins. Vegeto et al. (1) and Tung et al. (2) using related approaches, have arrived at new observations regarding the potential function of receptor subunits. Both studies add fuel to the argument that says up-regulation and downregulation by these proteins are two sides of the same coin and are entirely cell and gene-context specific. Both papers use the human progesterone receptor (PR), a protein known to be expressed as two different molecular-weight forms. Both forms bind progesterone and in fact are identical except for the N-terminus, which is 164 amino acids longer in form B (PRB) than in the smaller one (PRA). Both bind their ligand with the same kinetics, and both are capable individually of progesterone-dependent regulation of reporter genes in test cells. Now these groups find that form B (the larger form) is active in transient transfection assays in several different cell types. Moreover the report by Tung et a/. (2) shows that ligands previously regarded as “antagonists” such as RU38486 are agonists when PRB is present alone. The notion that these ligands can be agonists in certain circumstances is not new, but previous reports of this activity have shown a requirement for the receptor to be truncated at its c-terminus for agonist activity to be manifest (3-5) or for elevated intracellular phosphorylation to exist (6). The implication of this finding is that the two forms of receptor must somehow interact in the normal physiological context in a way which permutes the structure of PRB to make the RU compound behave as an antagonist. This role for PRA implies that it interacts with PRB and perturbs the structure of its companion in an important way. This latter point is dealt with experimentally very nicely in both papers. The report by Vegeto et al. (1) shows that PRA is inactive by itself in two of the three cell types they tried, but it is a powerful repressor of the activity of PRB. Furthermore, this repressive activity can be achieved with any of three different “antagonists” bound to PRA. Both groups make the remarkable observation that DNA binding activity is not required for this event, at least not sequence-specific interactions of the classical kind. Tung’s group extends the obser-
Structure of bacteriophage lambda receptor protein (1983)

Receptor protein for phage lambda (LamB protein) is a major outer membrane protein in maltose-induced E. coli cells. This protein (M.W. ∼48,000) facilitates the passage of maltose, maltooligosaccharides and other sugars across the outer membrane. LamB and matrix proteins (OmpC and OmpF) form permeability channels and share a number of unique physical and biochemical properties. Yamada et al. have carried out experiments reconstituting LamB proteins with 1ipopolysaccharides, 1ipopolysaccharide derivatives, fatty acids, and phospholipid. The reconstituted specimens show first order hexagonal lattice with lattice constants that vary with the reconstitution component. We have reconstituted LamB protein with phosphatidylcholine from soybean. The reconstituted LamB membrane patches have dimensions from 0.2 μm to 3 μm in diameter with typical size of about 0.4 μm. LamB specimens negatively stained with phosphotungstic acid is shown in Figure l together with its optical diffraction pattern. The optical diffraction pattern shows a hexagonal lattice with lattice constant ∼7.2 nm. The diffraction intensities extend to a resolution of ∼2.4 nm.
The Heat of Combustion of Neodymium<sup>1</sup> (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Heat of Combustion of Neodymium1Elmer J. Huber Jr. and Charles E. Holley Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 21, 5530–5531Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01141a517https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01141a517research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views50Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
PARAMETRIC SENSITIVITY IN FITTING NONLINEAR KINETIC MODELS (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPARAMETRIC SENSITIVITY IN FITTING NONLINEAR KINETIC MODELSR. Mezaki and J. R. KittrellCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1967, 59, 5, 63–69Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50689a007https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50689a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views212Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Bisphosphonates as Chemotherapeutic Agents Against Trypanosomatid and Apicomplexan Parasites. (2001)

Trypanosomatid and apicomplexan parasites remain an important health problem in developing countries. Advances are being made in parts of the world in blocking transmission from insect vectors, but more effective chemotherapy is urgently needed. This is especially important since development of resistance is a growing problem. The rational development of new drugs depends on the identifica-tion of differences between human metabolism and that of the parasites. Recent developments in the study of the basic biochemistry of these parasites have resulted in the discovery that bisphosphonates, drugs widely used in the treatment of benign and malignant diseases characterized by increased bone resorption, could have a role as lead antiparasitic agents.
Reduction in plasma human immunodeficiency virus ribonucleic acid after dideoxynucleoside therapy as determined by the polymerase chain reaction. (1991)

Cell-free HIV RNA in plasma was detected and quantitated after antiviral therapy by the polymerase chain reaction. RNA was extracted from plasma, reverse transcribed to cDNA, amplified by polymerase chain reaction, and quantitated by absorbance based on an enzyme-linked affinity assay. 72 HIV antibody-positive subjects had one plasma sample taken. 39 who were not receiving antiretroviral therapy at the time had a mean plasma HIV RNA copy number of 690 +/- 360 (mean +/- SEM) per 200 microliters of plasma, while 33 subjects who had been receiving zidovudine therapy for a minimum of 3 mo had a mean copy number of 134 +/- 219 (P less than 0.05). 27 additional HIV antibody-positive patients had two plasma samples taken before and 1 mo after initiating dideoxynucleoside therapy. Plasma HIV RNA copy number fell from 540 +/- 175 to 77 +/- 35 (P less than 0.05). Finally, nine of these subjects had two baseline samples obtained before initiating therapy and two posttreatment samples 1 and 2 mo after therapy was begun. Mean plasma RNA copy number declined from 794 +/- 274 to less than 40 (below the lower limit of sensitivity) after 1 mo of therapy, with suppression maintained after 2 mo of therapy. These results suggest that gene amplification can be used to detect and quantitate changes in plasma HIV RNA after dideoxynucleoside therapy. Plasma HIV polymerase chain reaction may be a more sensitive marker to monitor antiviral therapy, particularly in asymptomatic patients where measurement of p24 antigen or quantitative plasma cultures are negative.
Identification of Novel Pathogenicity Genes by PCR Signature-Tagged Mutagenesis and Related Technologies (2004)

Microbial pathogens possess a repertoire of virulence determinants that make unique contributions to bacterial fitness during infection. In this chapter, we focus on the recent progress and adaptations of signature-tagged mutagenesis (STM) by PCR instead of hybridization. This is a PCR-based STM mutation-based screening method using a population of bacterial mutants for the simultaneous identification of multiple virulence genes in microbial pathogens by negative selection. Modifications of STM developed in our laboratory have been applied to Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. Screening of a collection of 6912 STM mutants in the rat chronic lung model of infection identified 214 P. aeruginosa STM mutants defective in virulence. For further studies, and to illustrate better the strategies that need to be utilized, we present detailed analysis of nine selected STM mutants. The data obtained indicate that in vivo, defects in virulence give a wide variety of phenotypes: defects in known virulence factors have been found, thereby validating the method; defects have also been found in orthologs with predicted functions, and in some genes whose functions cannot be predicted from databases. A general strategy and a simple scenario is discussed using the nine STM mutants selected for further characterization. PCR-based STM represent a genomics-based method for in vivo high-throughput screening of new virulence factors.
Photoresponsive Micelle-Incorporated Doxorubicin for Chemo-Photodynamic Therapy to Achieve Synergistic Antitumor Effects (2018)

A combination of chemo-photodynamic therapy has been manifested as a promising strategy for efficient cancer treatment due to the enhanced therapeutic efficacy. Here, we designed doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded photoresponsive micelles (DPRMs) based on a combination of chlorin e6 (Ce6) and lipoic acid (LA) conjugated methoxy-poly(ethylene) glycol (mPEG-Ce6, mPEG-LA) to achieve effective drug delivery using a single system. DPRMs were optimized with different molar ratios of mPEG-Ce6 and mPEG-LA which showed uniformly spherical morphology of size ∼130 nm and approximately 9% of DOX loading contents. Photoresponsive lipoyl ring of mPEG-LA was incorporated in DPRMs in order to induce photomediated reduction resulting in 2-3-fold accelerated DOX release according to higher molar ratio of mPEG-LA and enhancement of light dose. The photoresponsive DOX release and ROS generation by Ce6 mediated cytotoxic effect of DPRMs were demonstrated in vitro using CT-26 (mouse colon cancer) and HCT-116 (human colon cancer) cells. We observed both the photosensitizer and the anticancer drug are colocalized in the tumor cells to achieve effective enhancement. Additionally, the DPRMs with laser irradiation successfully inhibited tumor growth in CT-26 tumor bearing mouse model and immunohistochemical staining verified apoptosis-mediated tumor growth inhibition. These observations demonstrated that the DPRMs showed a higher therapeutic effect than the other systems and PDT maximized the antitumor effect. Thus, DPRMs confirmed the advantages as a chemo-photodynamic dual-therapy with a synergistic therapeutic effect and great potential for cancer treatment.