gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immune response to combined live influenza virus vaccines administered intranasally. (1975)

The immune responses in volunteers vaccinated intranasally with a live influenza virus vaccine containing attenuated A and B strains have been studied. The hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody titers for both components were determined a few weeks after vaccination. They demonstrated that a good antibody response had been induced in a high percentage of volunteers. The hemagglutination inhibiting titers and percentage of seroconversion for both components were comparable to the results obtained after the intranasal administration of each component separately.
Scanning voltage microscopy on active semiconductor lasers: the impact of doping profile near an epitaxial growth interface on series resistance (2004)

We apply scanning voltage microscopy to actively biased multiquantum-well ridge-waveguide semiconductor lasers. We localize the source of a major and hitherto unexplained sample-to-sample difference in current-voltage characteristics to the responsible junction. This is found to correspond to the regrowth interface, subsequently confirmed through secondary ion mass spectrometry to have different doping profiles in the two cases. By comparing the internal voltage profile of the operating lasers, we found that a voltage difference of 0.44 V occurred within /spl sim/100 nm of the regrowth interface in these laser structures, accounting for 88% of the difference in the measured series resistance. Additionally, 75% of the total device series resistance is associated with the structure's heterobarriers. These results relate nanoscopic measurements to macroscopic performance and are of significance in improving device understanding, design, and reliability.
Design of a key agile cryptographic system for OC-12c rate ATM (2002)

The paper describes an experimental key agile cryptographic system under design at MCNC. The system is compatible with ATM local- and wide-area networks. The system establishes and manages secure connections between hosts in a manner which is transparent to the end users and compatible with existing public network standards. A Cryptographic Unit supports hardware encryption and decryption at the ATM protocol layer. The system is SONET compatible and operates full duplex at the OC-12c rate (622 Mbps). Separate encryption keys are negotiated for each secure connection. Each Cryptographic Unit can manage more than 65,000 active secure connections. The Cryptographic Unit can be connected either in a security gateway mode referred to as a 'bump-in-the-fiber' or as a direct ATM host interface. Authentication and access control are implemented through a certificate-based system. The current status of the system is that hardware and software detail designs have been completed. An early version of the key management software has been completed and demonstrated. Hardware fabrication and systems integration are expected to take place over the next several months. Once completed the proof-of concept system will be used to explore issues of privacy, access control and authentication in relation to communications over emerging public networks.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Exposure of mouse preosteoblasts to pulsed electromagnetic fields reduces the amount of mature, type I collagen in the extracellular matrix (2005)

We tested the hypothesis that exposure of a mouse preosteoblast cell line to pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) would affect components of the extracellular matrix. We report that exposure of MC3T3-E1 cells to a single PEMF waveform significantly reduced the amount of mature, alpha1(I) collagen in the extracellular matrix (ECM) and the conditioned medium, without affecting the amount of total ECM protein. This decrease was not due to changes in the steady-state level of Col1A1 mRNA or to degradation of mature collagen. We then tested the effect of three distinct PEMF waveforms, two orthogonal coil orientations, and two waveform amplitude levels on the amount of alpha1(I) collagen in the conditioned medium. A sequence of factorial ANOVAs and stepwise regression modeling revealed that the period (duration) of the individual pulses accounted for a significant proportion of the variance associated with the amount of alpha1(I) collagen in the conditioned medium. The total variance accounted for, however, was small (R(2)=0.155, p<0.001 and R(2)=0.172, p<0.001, in the horizontal and vertical orientations, respectively). The positive and negative regression coefficients for the coil orientations revealed that the influence of pulse period was significantly different for the orthogonal coil orientations (p<0.001). The findings imply that the dominant influence of PEMF on the amount of mature, alpha1(I) collagen in the ECM is related to variables other than those expressed in the time-amplitude domain. The results provide objective direction toward identifying waveform characteristics that contribute to the observed between-waveform differences with regard to collagen. Advances in this area may lead toward improving waveforms and waveform delivery protocols.
INDEX OF REFRACTION AND LIQUID-VAPOR EQUILIBRIA FOR DEUTERIUM-NITROGEN MIXTURES (1955)

and rigorous boundary conditions. The solution methodology unique to the present problem is discussed in detail. in particular, the significance of the surface tension gradient driven flows (also called Marangoni flows) in forming uniform liquid layers inside ICF targets is demonstrated. Using the theoretical model, the values of the externally applied thermal gradients that give rise to uniform liquid layers of hydrogen inside a cryogenic spherical-shell ICF target are calculated, and the results compared with the existing experimental data.
Enol acetates from oxo-nucleosides: a new, mild, regioselective method (1979)

The reaction of some oxo-nucleosides of uracil with dimethylformamide acetals leads, after addition of acetic anhydride, to the corresponding enol acetatenucleosides; this is the first synthesis of enol acetatenucleosides by direct enolisation of an oxo-nucleoside.
Flight Tests of a Two-dimensional Wedge Diffuser at Transonic and Supersonic Speeds (1948)

"A two-dimensional wedge diffuser, designed to be used with a ducted-airfoil ram jet, was tested on a rocket-powered test vehicle up to a Mach number of 1.45. Orifice plates and a choking section behind the diffuser exit simulated burning in a combustion chamber by providing the proper pressure drop. Results obtained from these tests showed there was no abrupt changes in mass flow and pressure recovery as the model velocity increased through the transonic region" (p. 1).
Impaired CD40‐Signalling in CD19‐Deficient Mice Selectively Affects Th2‐Dependent Isotype Switching (2001)

Activation of B lymphocytes involves binding of antigen to the specific receptor and signalling through several membrane coreceptors, of which CD19 has been found to play a pivotal role as a response regulator. Although previous studies in CD19 gene knockout mice have demonstrated that antibody responses to T-cell-dependent antigens are strongly impaired in the absence of this coreceptor, little is known about the consequences of CD19 deficiency for the interaction between T and B cells. Here we report that Th2 co-ordinated B-cell differentiation is selectively impaired in CD19-deficient mice in response to mucosal or systemic immunizations or following an intestinal infection with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. Whereas immunoglobulin (Ig)G1 or IgE antibody responses were low or absent, IgG2a responses were normal. The selective defect was not caused by a poor Th2-development or interleukin (IL)-4 responsiveness in CD19-deficient mice. Rather, it was the result of an impaired Th2-B cell interaction, owing to a substantially reduced ability to signal via CD40 in CD19-deficient B cells. Thus, our study in CD19-deficient mice suggests that CD40L-CD40-interactions are more important for Th2 than for Th1 co-ordinated B-cell differentiation.
Inhibition of Crystal Growth in Gels by β-Cyclodextrin (1985)

Journal Article Inhibition of Crystal Growth in Gels by β-Cyclodextrin Get access A Pearson, A Pearson Department of Pharmacy, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XW Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N Shankland, N Shankland Department of Pharmacy, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XW Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E G Salole, E G Salole Department of Pharmacy, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XW Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J R Johnson J R Johnson Department of Pharmacy, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XW Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Volume 37, Issue Supplement_12, December 1985, Page 59P, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1985.tb14131.x Published: 12 April 2011
INFLUENCE OF A NEGATIVE <i>R</i> RATIO ON THE CREEP‐FATIGUE BEHAVIOUR OF THE N18 NICKEL BASE SUPERALLOY (1997)

Abstract— Crack growth rate measurements, performed on smooth specimens during creep‐fatigue testing of the N18 nickel base superalloy at 650°C, reveal a strong detrimental effect of the compressive part of the loading cycle. This effect is attributed to the residual stresses in the wake of the crack, which promote early crack opening. A finite element analysis is conducted in order to predict the evolution of the opening stress level as a function of the stress ratio. Good agreement is found between numerical and experimental results. The influence of the constitutive equation of the material on the crack closure level is tested and the effects of kinematic hardening and viscosity are more specifically examined. An engineering simplified method is proposed to determine the opening stress intensity factor as a function of crack length, stress ratio and maximum stress. This method, developed for cracks in smooth specimens, is then applied to small cracks growing from a notch root. Good agreement is found between the results given by the engineering simplified method and the result of the finite element analysis.
Dynamic modeling and stability analysis of an experimental test bench for electric-drive vehicle emulation (2013)

This paper describes dynamic modeling and stability analysis of one of the dynamometers in an electric drive vehicle test bench designed based on two electromechanical dynamometers. The studied dynamometer is comprised of two electric machines coupled mechanically by one shaft. One of the electric machines acts as the traction motor and injects power to the shaft; the other machine emulates the road condition and absorbs power. This machine acts as a constant power load to the traction motor and degrades system's stability margins.
Specificity of promoter consensus sequences in Escherichia coli chromosome. (1991)

Conservativeness of promoter-like sequences in transcribed and non-transcribed strands for polycistronic and monocistronic transcriptional units in Escherichia coli is investigated with chi 2-statistics. The results show that according with the degree of similarity to the consensus sequence (TTGACA--TATAAT), differences of frequencies with the theoretical one change from plus to minus.
Geovolume visualization interpretation: A lexicon of basic techniques (2000)

Visualization technology has created a paradigm shift in interpretation of 3-D seismic data. New geovolume visualization interpretation (GVI) techniques allow the interpreter to see and think in 3-D, the way the earth actually exists. Since Texaco introduced a facility devoted to GVI in 1997, the use of this technology has gained momentum, both within Texaco and in the oil and gas industry as a whole.
A Case of Angle Class III Malocclusion with Congenitally Missing of Mandibular Central Incisors (2010)

患者は初診時15歳2か月の女児, 前歯の歯並びを主訴に来院した.下顎両側中切歯の先天性欠如, 第二大臼歯部の頬舌的すれ違い咬合, 上顎歯列の叢生, および上顎前歯の唇側傾斜を伴うAngleⅢ級症例である. 治療としては, 上顎両側第一小臼歯の抜去, 下顎では, 側切歯を中切歯, 犬歯を側切歯, 第一小臼歯を犬歯とみなし排列を行った. 下顎歯列において, 側切歯のかわりに犬歯, 犬歯のかわりに小臼歯を用いる場合, 歯冠幅径ならびに頬舌的な厚みの違いにより, 前歯部の被蓋関係, 前方・側方運動時の誘導, および臼歯部咬頭嵌合の構築において苦慮することが予想される. 多くの場合, 歯冠の形態修正を必要とするが, 本症例では, 調和のとれた上下顎前歯部歯冠幅径であったため, 歯の移動のみで咬頭干渉を回避し, 下顎の前方ならびに側方運動時における誘導も良好な機能的咬合が得られた.
SPONTANEOUS AND STIMULATED BIOLUMINESCENCE OF THE DINOFLAGELLATE <i>CERATOCORYS HORRZDA</i> (PERIDINIALES)<sup>1</sup> (1995)

ABSTRACT This is the first report of spontaneous bioluminescence in the autotrophic dinoflagellate Ceratocorys horrida von Stein. Bioluminescence was measured, using an automated data acquisition system, in a strain of cultured cells isolated from the Sargasso Sea . Ceratocorys horrida is only the second dinoflagellate species to exhibit rhythmicity in the rate of spontaneous flashing, flash quantum flux (intensity), and level of spontaneous glowing. The rate of spontaneous flashing was maximal during hours 2–4 of the dark phase [i.e. circadian time (CT)16–18 for a 14:10 h LD cycle (LD14:10)], with approximately 2% of the population flashing‐min −1 , a rate approximately one order of magnitude greater than that of the dinoflagellate Gonyaulax polyedra. Flash quantum flux was also maximal during this period. Spontaneous flashes were 134 ms in duration with a maximum flux (intensity) of 3.1 × 10 9 quanta‐s −1 . Light emission presumably originated from blue fluorescent microsources distributed in the cell periphery and not from the spines. Values of both spontaneous flash rate and maximum flux were independent of cell concentration. Isolated cells also produced spontaneous flashes. Spontaneous glowing was dim except for a peak of 6.4 × 10 4 quanta‐s −1 cell −1 , which occurred at CT22.9 for LD14:10 and at CT22.8 for LD12:12. The total integrated emission of spontaneous flashing and glowing during the dark phase was 4 × 10 9 quantacell −1 , equivalent to the total stimulable luminescence. The rhythms for C. horrida flash and glow behavior were similar to those of Gonyaulax polyedra, although flash rate and quantum flux were greater. Spontaneous bioluminescence in C. horrida may be a circadian rhythm because it persisted for at least three cycles in constant dark conditions. This is also the first detailed study of the stimulated bioluminescence of C . horrida, which also displayed a diurnal rhythm. Cultures exhibited >200 times more mechanically stimulated bioluminescence during the dark phase than during the light phase. Mechanical stimulation during the dark phase resulted in 6.7 flashes. cell −1 ; flashes were brighter and longer in duration than spontaneous flashes. Cruise‐collected cells exhibited variability in quantum flux with few differences in flash kinetics. The role of dinoflagellate spontaneous bioluminescence in the dynamics of near‐surface oceanic communities is unknown, but it may be an important source of natural in situ bioluminescence .
Premature Delivery in HIV-Infected Women Starting Protease Inhibitor Therapy During Pregnancy: Role of the Ritonavir Boost? (2012)

The prematurity rate among HIV-infected pregnant women was twice that in the general population in France; this was not entirely explained by sociodemographic characteristics. Prematurity was independently associated with cARV therapy and, particularly, with the initiation of ritonavir-boosted PI therapy during pregnancy.
High temperature creep behaviour of single crystal superalloy (1998)

AbstractAbstractCreep behaviour of a newly developed single crystal nickel base superalloy DMSX-l (Ni-7.7Co-6.4Cr-8.4W-0.3Ti-S.S7 Al-7.6Ta-Nf-Y-Nb-Re, wt-%) with 〈001〉 orientation has been analysed and compared with the reported data ofSRR99. It was concluded that the shear stress based model developed for SRR99 is also applicable for the new alloy. Although the material constants for octahedral slip for the new alloy are not exactly the same as those of SRR99, the estimated values of initial creep rate and softening coefficients are nearly of the same order. Therefore it is concluded that in the absence of a material database for cube slip for this new alloy, those available for SRR99 could be used to predict the orientation dependence of its creep behaviour.
<i>In</i> <i>situ</i> and <i>ex</i> <i>situ</i> optical characterization of electro deposited magneto-optic materials (1996)

Electrodeposition is being investigated as a novel and low-cost method to prepare magneto-optic thin film and nanostructured materials. This deposition method allows precise control over thin-film properties and permits deposition of novel magnetic geometries. Multilayers and alloys can be deposited and controlled by adjusting deposition potentials and ion concentrations in the bath. Nickel/cobalt alloys have been electrodeposited from sulfamate, sulfate, and chloride solutions onto Au substrates. The optical properties were monitored in situ with a real-time spectroscopic ellipsometer measuring simultaneously at 44 wavelengths in the 410–750 nm spectral range. In situ measurements have the advantage of determining the material microstructural properties (thickness, density, and roughness) before the films are oxidized in the air ambient. Ex situ variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements were taken over the spectral range from 205 to 1000 nm.
A Spatial Dynamic Analysis of an Excavator to Determine Bucket/Load Weight (2000)

Abstract This is essentially a report of the final phase of a major study undertaken for the Caterpillar Technical Center, Peoria, Illinois to determine to a high degree of accuracy the bucket/load weight of an excavator under dynamic conditions. It was quite remarkable that a relatively simple solution was obtained using a least squares approach (as opposed to using a highly non-linear optimization method) considering that there are a total of nine unknown moments and cross moments of inertia of the bucket/load together with the unknown location of the center of mass and the bucket/load weight in the range of 1200–1650 kg which was finally computed to an accuracy of about 0.15%.
DNA barcoding of blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) as a tool for species identification and detection of hidden diversity in the eastern regions of Spain (2018)

In this study we assessed the use of the cox1 DNA barcoding region for the identification of species of blackflies in Spain. Our results showed that combining DNA barcoding with morphology enhanced our taxonomic rationale in identifying the blackflies in the country.
Bounds to the error probability of hybrid diversity two-dimensional signaling (2004)

In hybrid selection/maximal ratio combining the receiver selects the L branches with the largest signal-to-noise ratios from N available diversity branches and performs maximal ratio combining. This incurs a loss or penalty with respect to maximal ratio combining which can be defined as the increase in signal-to-noise ratio required for hybrid combining to achieve the same symbol error probability as maximal ratio combining. In this paper, we derive lower and upper bound expressions for the penalty of any two-dimensional signaling constellation with polygonal decision regions. Using these bounds with well known results for maximal ratio combining, the error probability performance of two-dimensional signaling with hybrid diversity can be approximated at small and large values of signal-to-noise ratio, to a high accuracy.
<i>e</i>-beam probe potential diagnostic in spherical electrostatic-inertial plasma confinement (SEIC) (abstract) (1992)

A new e-beam probe is developed to study the potential structure inside a SEIC device [G. H. Miley et al., Fusion Technol. 19, 840 (1991)]. The device has a spherical grid negatively biased inside a spherical vacuum chamber. Ions oscillate through the highly transparent grid, forming a single potential well inside the cathode. The potential in turn attracts electrons from ionization of background gas. The measurement of this complex potential profile is the objective of this work. The e-beam probe offers advantages over the e-emitting probes and the laser heterodyne method. It minimizes perturbations (versus a physical probe) and detects smaller charge density variations than possible with laser techniques. The present e-beam probe utilizes a higher voltage and a modified focus compared to the earlier version used by Swanson [Swanson et al., Phys. Fluids 16, 1939 (1973)]. The characteristic e-beam deflection patterns observed are compared to predictions from an impulse approximation model.
In-situ monitoring and control for the growth of highly reproducible VCSEL structures (2002)

Summary form only given. This paper reviews the pyrometric interferometry technique, and compares it with other in-situ and ex-situ methods for epitaxial growth monitoring and control. Highly reproducible vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSEL) structures are used as an example to demonstrate the effectiveness of the in-situ monitoring and control technique. The authors use the pyrometric interferometry technique for in-situ monitoring and feedback control of layer thickness to obtain highly reproducible distributed Bragg reflectors (DBR) for 980- and 780-nm vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSEL).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Subdivision for Powell-Sabin spline surfaces (2002)

In this paper we present an algorithm for calculating the B-spline representation of a Powell-Sabin spline surface on a refinement of the given triangulation. The resulting subdivision scheme is a triadic scheme; every original edge is split into three new edges. The presented rules are derived using the fact that triadic subdivision can be seen as two steps of sqrt(3)-subdivision. The scheme is numerically stable and generally applicable, there are no restrictions on the initial triangulation.
Ultraviolet photometry from the orbiting astronomical observatory. XXVII - Interpretation of the light curve of RR Lyrae (1977)

The OAO-2 ultraviolet RR Lyr light curves are presented. A hydrodynamical model is used to show the influence of atmospheric shock waves on these light curves. We find the ultraviolet observations to be useful as a verification of hydrodynamic atmospheric models, especially at the shortest wavelengths where the ultraviolet radiation tends to probe regions above the visible-light photo sphere. Our model indicates that visible light observations of the bump in the light curve before rising light and the stillstand in rising light are due to the energy deposition by two separate shock waves. Subject headings: hydrodynamics - stars: atmospheres - stars: RR Lyrae - ultraviolet: general
Oxidation of Difluorovinylidene (1998)

The novel difluoroketene is one of the products found in this matrix isolation study on the oxidation of the extremely electrophilic difluorovinylidene.