gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Exercise and Prognosis on the Basis of Clinicopathologic and Molecular Features in Early-Stage Breast Cancer: The LACE and Pathways Studies (2016)

To investigate whether the impact of postdiagnosis exercise on breast cancer outcomes in women diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer differs on the basis of tumor clinicopathologic and molecular features. Using a prospective design, 6,211 patients with early-stage breast cancer from two large population-based cohort studies were studied. Age-adjusted and multivariable Cox regression models were performed to determine the relationship between exercise exposure (total MET-hours/week) and recurrence and breast cancer-related death for: (i) all patients ("unselected" cohort), and on the basis of (ii) classic clinicopathologic features, (iii) clinical subtypes, (iv) PAM50-based molecular intrinsic subtypes, and (v) individual PAM50 target genes. After a median follow-up of 7.2 years, in the unselected cohort (n = 6,211) increasing exercise exposure was not associated with a reduction in the risk of recurrence (adjusted Ptrend = 0.60) or breast cancer-related death (adjusted Ptrend = 0.39). On the basis of clinicopathologic features, an exercise-associated reduction in breast cancer-related death was apparent for tumors <2 cm [HR, 0.50; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.34-0.72], well/moderately differentiated tumors (HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.43-0.91), and ER-positive tumors (HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.53-0.97). Stratification by clinical subtype indicated that the ER(+)/PR(+)/HER2(-)/low-grade clinical subtype was preferentially responsive to exercise (recurrence: adjusted HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.45-0.88; breast cancer-related death: adjusted HR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.37-0.86). The impact of exercise on cancer outcomes appears to differ as a function of pathologic and molecular features in early-stage breast cancer. Cancer Res; 76(18); 5415-22. ©2016 AACR.
Derivatisation and transition metal chemistry of a new monophosphinite ligand : 2-(diphenylphosphinoxy)naphthyl (2006)

Reaction of monophosphinite ligand, 2-(diphenylphosphinoxy)naphthyl, C10H7OPPh2 (1) with elemental sulphur or selenium gives the corresponding sulphide C10H7OP(S)Ph-2 (2) or selenide C10H7OP(Se)Ph-2 (3) derivatives. Reaction of 1 with [CpRu(PPh3)(2)Cl] gives monosubstituted complex, [CpRu(C10H7OPPh2)(PPh3)Cl] (4) as well as the disubstituted complex, [CpRu(C10H7OPPh2)(2)Cl] (5) depending upon the reaction conditions. Treatment of 1 with [Rh(CO)(2)Cl](2) affords a trans-complex, [Rh(CO)(C10H7OPPh1)(2)Cl] (6). Reaction of 1 with [Pd(COD)Cl-2] results in the formation of an unexpected chloro-bridged dipalladium complex; [Pd(PPh2O)(PPh2OH)(mu-Cl)](2) (7), whereas similar reaction with [Pt(COD)Cl-2] gives cis[Pt(C10H7OPPh2)(2)Cl-2] (8) in good yield.
Tight regulation of transgene expression by tetracycline‐dependent activator and repressor in brain (2005)

Methods to temporally and spatially regulate gene mutations will provide a powerful strategy to investigate gene function in the brain. To develop these methods, we have established a tightly regulated system for transgene expression in the forebrain using both a tetracycline (Tc)-dependent transcription activator (rtTA) and a repressor (TetR-Kruppel-associated box). In this system, the repressor binds to the Tc-responsive element (TRE) in the absence of doxycycline (Dox), leading to the repression of leaky activation of TRE-mediated transcription caused by weak binding of rtTA to TRE. Upon Dox administration, only the activator binds to TRE and activates transcription. We tested this system in cultured cells by bicistronically expressing both the regulators using an internal ribosome entry site (IRES). In COS-1, HeLa and SHSY5Y cells, leaky transcription activation led by rtTA in the absence of Dox was repressed without decreasing the level of activated transcription in the presence of Dox. Using this system, transgenic mice were produced that express both the regulators using IRES in the forebrain under the control of the alphaCaMKII promoter and were bred with transgenic mice carrying the TRE-dependent reporter transgene. In reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization analyses of the forebrain in adult double transgenic mice, the treatment of Dox induces reporter mRNA expression, which was not detected before the treatment and after the withdraw of Dox following the treatment. These results indicate that this system allows the tight regulation of transgene expression in a Dox-dependent fashion in the forebrain and will be useful in investigating gene function in the brain.
Structure and reactions of carbon and hydrogen on Ru(0001): A scanning tunneling microscopy study (2008)

The interaction between carbon and hydrogen atoms on a Ru(0001) surface was studied using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), density functional theory (DFT) and STM image calculations. Formation of CH species by reaction between adsorbed H and C was observed to occur readily at 100 K. When the coverage of H increased new complexes of the form of CH+nH (n=1, 2, and 3) were observed. These complexes, never observed before, might be precursors for further hydrogenation reactions. DFT analysis reveals that a considerable energy barrier exists for the CH+H-->CH(2) reaction.
No association between the K variant of the butyrylcholinesterase gene and pathologically confirmed Alzheimer's disease (1998)

The polymorphic K variant of the butyrylcholinesterase ( BCHE-K ) gene recently has been demonstrated to have an elevated frequency in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients carrying the epsilon4 allele of the apolipoprotein (APO E) gene when compared with a control population. We therefore genotyped a large series of pathologically confirmed AD patients and controls to confirm this association. We found no change in the frequency of this genetic variant, either in the AD group as a whole or in early- or late-onset patients when compared with age-matched controls. Stratification of these groups with reference to the APO E epsilon4 allele also showed no difference between AD and control groups. To determine if a biological effect were present, we also looked at senile plaque and neurofibrillary tangle densities in the frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital cortices in AD patients either carrying or not carrying a copy of the K variant. We found no difference in plaque or tangle load between these two groups in either the total, late-onset or early-onset AD subjects. Stratification of the total AD group in terms of APO E epsilon4 allele possession, and further comparison of plaque and tangle load between carriers and non-carriers of BCHE-K still failed to disclose a relationship between BCHE-K and AD. We conclude that in the population studied here there is no association between BCHE-K and AD, or that if such a relationship exists it is precluded by another, as yet unknown factor.
Impaired vasodilatation of epicardial coronary arteries and resistance vessels following myocardial ischemia and reperfusion in anesthetized dogs (1990)

To study whether the reactivity of the large coronary artery in vivo is affected by coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion, left circumflex coronary artery diameter, coronary blood flow, systemic arterial blood pressure, and heart rate were measured in anesthetized, open-chest dogs. Intracoronary injections of acetylcholine and glyceryl trinitrate (an endothelium-independent vasodilator) produced increases in both coronary artery diameter (0.06 ± 0.02 mm and 0.15 ± 0.02 mm, respectively) and coronary blood flow (58±15 mL/min and 50 ± 11 mL/min, respectively) under control conditions. Neither arterial blood pressure nor heart rate was affected by the vasodilators. After 60 minutes of coronary artery occlusion and 30 minutes of reperfusion, baseline coronary artery diameter and coronary blood flow were reduced (P & 0.05), and the increases produced by acetylcholine and glyceryl trinitrate in coronary artery diameter (0.01 ± 0.02 mm and 0.09 ± 0.01 mm, respectively) and coronary blood flow (2014 mL/min and 19 ± 5 mL/min, respectively) were significantly attenuated (P&0.05). Electron microscopy revealed endothelial cell injury and focal regions of detachment from underlying subendothelium and adherence of leukocytes to the endothelium of the ischemic large coronary artery. Leukocyte plugging of capillaries in the ischemic myocardium was also occurred. In isolated arterial ring preparations, acetylcholine-induced relaxation (maximum = 59% 19%) was attenuated by ischemia and reperfusion (maximum = 15%14%; P<0.05), whereas glyceryl trinitrate-induced relaxation was not affected. Thus, coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion attenuate endothelium-dependent and -independent dilatation of large coronary arteries and coronary resistance vessels in vivo, whereas only endothelium-dependent relaxation is inhibited in isolated arterial ring experiments. Thus, endothelial dysfunction is not the only factor contributing to reduced vasodilator responses after ischemia and reperfusion. The ischemia-induced constriction of the coronary circulation may restrict the responsiveness to exogenous vasodilators. Also, reduced vasodilator reserve caused by capillary plugging may contribute to the attenuation of the normal increases in coronary blood flow produced by both endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilators.
Diastereoselective access to chiral non‐racemic [1,3]oxazolo‐[2,3‐<i>a</i>]isoindol‐5‐one ring systems <i>via</i><i>O</i>‐cationic cyclization (2002)

Abstract Dedicated to Professor Jean Morel for his retirement The title compounds 4 have been prepared from suitable β‐amino‐ alcohol 2 and phthalic anhydride ( 5 ) in a three‐step sequence in moderate to good yields (58‐94%). The key step of this methodology is based on an intramolecular O ‐cationic cyclization involving N ‐acyliminium species. The high levels of the observed chemoselectivity during the intermolecular or intramolecular cyclization were also discussed.
Hydroxyapatite coated with hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) stimulates human osteoblasts in vitro (2000)

We have studied in vitro the effect of a hydroxyapatite (HA) tricalcium phosphate material coated with hepatocyte growth factor (HA-HGF) on cell growth, collagen synthesis and secretion of metalloproteinases (MMPs) by human osteoblasts. Cell proliferation was stimulated when osteoblasts were incubated with untreated HA and was further increased after exposure to HA-HGF. The uptake of [3H]-proline was increased after treatment with HA. When osteoblasts were exposed to HA-HGF, collagen synthesis was increased with respect to HA. The secretion of MMPs in control cells was undetectable, but in HA and HA-HGF cells MMP 2 and MMP 9 were clearly synthesised. Our results suggest that HA can promote osteoblast activity and that HGF can further increase its bioactivity.
Robust Diffusion LMS over Wireless Sensor Network in Impulsive Noise (2011)

Distributed wireless sensor networks have been proposed as a solution to environment sensing, target tracking, data collection and other applications. Energy efficiency, high estimation accuracy, and fast convergence are important goals in distributed estimation algorithms for sensor network. This paper studies the problem of robust adaptive estimation in impulsive noise environment using robust cost function like Wilcoxon norm and saturation nonlinearity. The diffusion cooperative scheme conventionally used in sensor network in which each node have local computing ability and share them with their predefined neighbors, is not robust to impulsive type of noise. In this paper the robust norm is introduced in diffusion cooperative distributed network to estimate the desired parameters in presence of Gaussian contaminated impulsive noise. The simulation study shows that Wilcoxon norm and saturation linearity based diffusion LMS is robust to impulsive noise. KeywordsAdaptive networks, contaminated Gaussian distribution, distributed processing, incremental algorithm, diffusion LMS, Wilcoxon norm, error saturation nonlinearity algorithm.
Low-voltage traveling-wave electroabsorption modulator (2002)

Electroabsorption modulators (EAM) based on the quantum-confined-Stark QCS) effect have attracted a lot of interest in optical fiber communication due to their integrability with lasers, high extinction ratios and low chirp. At high frequency, the performance of conventional lump-electrode EAMs is limited by the total parasitic capacitance of the device, thus the device length can not be increased to improve the extinction ratio and saturation power. Based on the distributed effects, traveling-wave EA modulators (TWEAM) have been proposed to eliminate the lumped-element limits. In this paper, the practical issues of designing TWEAM for low-driving-voltage, high-speed and high-power operation are discussed.
Investigation of Automated Perimetry in the Evaluation of Patients for Upper Lid Blepharoplasty (1992)

We investigated the application of automated perimetry in the evaluation of 17 patients for upper lid blepharoplasty. Visual fields were assessed by a 114 point threshold related screening test of the superior visual field on the Humphrey Allergan Model 640 visual field analyzer. Patients enrolled in the study underwent a complete oculoplastic evaluation prior to and at 4-6 weeks after their procedure. Postoperatively, the visual field as measured by the number of points seen, increased by 26.2% (p < 0.000001). Improvement in visual field results was most dramatic in patients whose margin reflex distance (MRD) was < or = 3.5 mm. This effect was related to excision of redundant eyelid tissue rather than a change in MRD after blepharoplasty. Above this MRD level, blepharoplasty did not significantly improve the patients superior visual field. These results suggest that automated perimetry provides valuable information to document visual field changes for medicolegal and insurance purposes.
The Putative Glycosyltransferase-Encoding Gene cylJ and the Group B Streptococcus (GBS)-Specific Gene cylK Modulate Hemolysin Production and Virulence of GBS (2007)

International audience
The Potent Pressor Effect of Phenylpropanolamine in Patients With Autonomic Impairment (1987)

We determined the pressor effect of phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride, a widely used sympathomimetic agent, in 14 patients with autonomic failure and orthostatic hypotension. Blood pressure was monitored every five minutes in the sitting position with an automated device. Oral administration of 25 mg of phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride in nine patients produced significant increases in systolic (32 mm Hg), diastolic (15 mm Hg), and mean (21 mm Hg) blood pressures. The pressor effect appeared within the first 60 minutes and was still present at 105 minutes. There was no change in heart rate. Blood pressure was also significantly raised by administration of 12.5 mg of oral phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride in five additional patients. We conclude that administration of 25 mg of phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride elicits a potent pressor response in patients with orthostatic hypotension and that significant hypertension may result.
<title>Research on image preprocessing techniques for real-time radiography inspection</title> (2000)

In this paper, the image preprocessing techniques are studied in detail combining with the characteristics of real-time radiography. In view of the characteristics of radiant attenuation, an image processing method is presented to make the relationship between image gray scale and workpiece thickness linear. In order to get better image contrast, an image stretching method based on fuzzy transformation is designed by which the image is effectively enhanced. Meanwhile, another algorithm is also proposed to avoid the complexity of above method. Moreover, the study is carried out to the influence of radiation source focus, which is a very important factor to image quality in real-time radiography. The mathematical model is established for the influence of radiation source focus on real-time radiography image. On the basis of this model, the corresponding algorithm is proposed to eliminate its influence. All these algorithms are studied in detail with corresponding results presented.
Lack of positive results of a physiologically based treatment of amblyopia. (1980)

Recent reports have described marked improvement of visual acuity in amblyopic eyes of young children following monocular exposure to square-wave gratings presented at a variety of spatial frequencies and orientations for as little as 7 minutes. We sought to confirm and expand on these investigations, with emphasis on single-session results. Sixteen juvenile and 11 adult amblyopes and 26 control subjects were used. Visual acuity was determined before and after a 7-minute stimulation period using an E-chart that controlled for contour interaction. The 50% visual acuity threshold corrected for guessing was computer calculated by probit analysis. Results show that frequency, range, and magnitude of changes (either increases or decreases) in visual acuity following stimulation were approximately the same (< +/- 10% Snell-Sterling) in both amblyopic and control groups. These findings suggest that brief exposure to the grating patterns had little if any beneficial effect on visual acuity in amblyopic eyes.
Whitewater clarification using a dual flocculation/ultrasonic method (2000)

Nous avons analyse une nouvelle methode d'extraction des matieres solides permettant de clarifier l'eau d'un circuit d'eau blanche par ultrasons et floculation. Cette technologie utilise des floculants pour creer de plus grosses particules ou flocs. Puis on applique un champ ultrasonore aux flocs pour obtenir un circuit d'eau clarifiee et un circuit de flocs concentres. Un systeme de laboratoire pour la separation par ultrasons a ete utilise pour demontrer le concept de clarification. Des essais a divers debits et niveaux d'intensite acoustique et diverses frequences ultrasonores ont ete effectues. Les meilleurs resultats ont ete obtenus a l'aide du systeme de floculants PEO/PFR. Lors de l'essai, nous avons obtenu un circuit propre contenant moins de 100 ppm de matieres solides et une efficacite de clarification de pres de 80% du maximum d'efficacite realisable. Une evaluation economique preliminaire de la technologie a ete effectuee.
The Culture of Translational Science Research (2013)

We apply a symbolic interactionist framework and a qualitative methodology to the examination of the everyday reality of translational science research (TSR). This is a growing scientific movement that aims to facilitate the efficient application of basic research to clinical service design and delivery. We describe the emerging culture of translational research at a mid-size medical center that received a Clinical and Translational Science Award from the National Institutes of Health. The stories related by scientists, clinicians, and students in interviews indicate that they make sense of the emerging inter- and cross-disciplinary, team-oriented culture of TSR through the refinement and redefinition of the <i>significant symbols</i> that inform their work while they attempt to master translational research by addressing the <i>dilemmas</i> it produces for them and their work. We see the strength, currency, adaptability, and energy of the core self-definition of "scientist" to be significant in shaping the emerging culture of translational research. We conclude by celebrating the value of interpretive ethnography for evaluation research.
STING-Mediated DNA Sensing Promotes Antitumor and Autoimmune Responses to Dying Cells (2014)

Adaptive immune responses to Ags released by dying cells play a critical role in the development of autoimmunity, allograft rejection, and spontaneous as well as therapy-induced tumor rejection. Although cell death in these situations is considered sterile, various reports have implicated type I IFNs as drivers of the ensuing adaptive immune response to cell-associated Ags. However, the mechanisms that underpin this type I IFN production are poorly defined. In this article, we show that dendritic cells (DCs) can uptake and sense nuclear DNA-associated entities released by dying cells to induce type I IFN. Remarkably, this molecular pathway requires STING, but not TLR or NLR function, and results in the activation of IRF3 in a TBK1-dependent manner. DCs are shown to depend on STING function in vivo to efficiently prime IFN-dependent CD8(+) T cell responses to tumor Ags. Furthermore, loss of STING activity in DCs impairs the generation of follicular Th cells and plasma cells, as well as anti-nuclear Abs, in an inducible model of systemic lupus erythematosus. These findings suggest that the STING pathway could be manipulated to enable the rational design of immunotherapies that enhance or diminish antitumor and autoimmune responses, respectively.
Dynamic minimum-resolvable temperature-difference for IR imaging systems characterization (1990)

The currently used minimum-resolvable-temperature-difference (MRTD) model for characterizing IR imaging systems, referred to as the Ratches model, is a static performance model. 1 However, when the object in the scene moves, its picture on the cathode-ray-tube screen may be so severely degraded that the object may not be recognizable. Accordingly, MRTD, which is determined by the static modulation transfer function, fails to account for such target degradation. A recent work, however, has identified a dynamic modulation transfer function (DMTF) for a phosphor-based cathode-ray-tube display device. 2 In our work, we first develop the DMTF for IR imaging systems and then use it to identify a dynamic MRTD (DMRTD). In particular, we identify the DMRTD of a staring IR system.
306. Thermal decomposition of explosives in the solid phase. Part I. The thermal decomposition in a vacuum of certain mono- and dinitrobenzenediazo-oxides, with a note on the kinetics of thermal breakdown of 2-nitrobenzene-4-diazo-1-oxide (1947)

J. Vaughan and L. Phillips, J. Chem. Soc., 1947, 1560 DOI: 10.1039/JR9470001560
Guanidinophenyl-substituted enol lactones as selective, mechanism-based inhibitors of trypsin-like serine proteases (1992)

We have synthesized four guanidinophenyl-substituted protio enol and iodo enol lactones (3-(4-guanidinophenyl)-6-methylidenetetrahydro-2-pyranone (1), 3-(4-guanidinophenyl)-6-(E)-(iodomethylidene)tetrahydro-2-pyran one (2), 4-(4-guanidinophenyl)-6-methylidenetetrahydro-2-pyranone+ ++ (3), and 4-(4-guanidinophenyl)-6-(E)-(iodomethylidene)tetrahydro-2-pyran one (4)) and tested them for inhibitory activity against some trypsin-like enzymes, namely trypsin, urokinase, tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasmin, and thrombin, as well as alpha-chymotrypsin and human neutrophil elastase (HNE). The beta-aryl-substituted protio lactone 3 was a potent alternate substrate inhibitor of trypsin and urokinase. The alpha-aryl-substituted iodo lactone 2 was a permanent inactivator of urokinase, plasmin, t-PA, thrombin, and alpha-chymotrypsin, exhibiting a relatively high specificity for the former two enzymes. In general, these compounds showed a preference for inactivating trypsin-like enzymes over alpha-chymotrypsin and HNE. Also, within the class of trypsin-like enzymes, there was generally good selectivity of inhibition.