gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Laminarin in the dietary fibre concept (2004)

Abstract Dietary fibres consist of edible plant polysaccharides that are resistant to digestion and absorption in the human small intestine but undergo complete or partial fermentation in the colon. Seaweeds, notably Laminaria spp, are particularly rich in polysaccharides resistant to hydrolysis in the upper gastrointestinal tract and are, in consequence, considered as dietary fibres. Most of the carbohydrates from Laminaria spp are thought to be indigestible by humans. The main storage polysaccharide of these algae is laminarin, a β‐polymer of glucose. The aims of this work were, on the one hand, to compare various methods of extraction of laminarin by partial characterisation of the product obtained and, on the other hand, to study the fate of this polysaccharide and its effects in the gastrointestinal tract in order to determine its potential as a dietary fibre in human nutrition. Among four methods tested to extract laminarin, the best appeared to be a hot HCl‐based method. Human digestive enzymes did not hydrolyse laminarin, so this polysaccharide can be considered as a dietary fibre. After ingestion by rats, this polysaccharide was not found in faeces of these animals. It did not increase the intestinal transit and stool output in vivo , but it increased the contractile response of the stomach to acetylcholine in vitro . Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
Adaptive timing synchronisationscheme for short-range Bluetooth network (2000)

An adaptive timing synchronisation scheme for a short-range Bluetooth system in partial-band noise environments is presented. The variance of the partial-band interference is estimated and is used for the trigger threshold value of the inquiry scan and page scan states. Numerical results show the proposed synchronisation algorithm is robust to partial-band noise interference and is of low complexity, which makes it suitable for use in low-cost personal area networks.
MAGNETIC INTERICTAL EPILEPTIC BRAIN ACTIVITY LOCALIZED BY USING THE SINGLE OR THE TWO DIPOLE MODEL (1992)

Article MAGNETIC INTERICTAL EPILEPTIC BRAIN ACTIVITY LOCALIZED BY USING THE SINGLE OR THE TWO DIPOLE MODEL was published on January 1, 1992 in the journal Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik (volume 37, issue s2).
TRIPOLI: A MODERN ARAB CITY. By John Gulick. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1967. 233 pp. $8.50 (1969)

Tripoli: A Modern Arab City. By John Gulick. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1967. 233 pp. $8.50 Gordon F. Lewis Gordon F. Lewis University of Vermont Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, Volume 47, Issue 3, March 1969, Pages 368–369, https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/47.3.368 Published: 01 March 1969
Mining Security Vulnerabilities from Linux Distribution Metadata (2014)

Security vulnerability research has long been hindered by the difficulty in obtaining structured, detailed data on individual vulnerabilities in sufficient quantities for analysis. We mined vulnerabilities from historical change log data from Linux distribution packages, tapping a yet-unexplored source of security data. Change logs provide a unified view of a application's evolution, version branching structure, and vulnerability patching history, allowing for the large-scale compilation of data on susceptible (and, in some cases, non-susceptible) versions of the original application for each vulnerability. We then compiled vulnerability datasets for multiple releases of Debian and Ubuntu Linux, analyzing trends in vulnerability patching over time. Patching practices in Debian and Ubuntu were similar, and patch rates stayed constant throughout each distribution's lifetime.
TahcoRoll: An Efficient Approach for Signature Profiling in Genomic Data through Variable-Length <i>k</i> -mers (2017)

Abstract k -mer profiling has been one of the trending approaches to analyze read data generated by high-throughput sequencing technologies. The tasks of k -mer profiling include, but are not limited to, counting the frequencies and determining the occurrences of short sequences in a dataset. The notion of k -mer has been extensively used to build de Bruijn graphs in genome or transcriptome assembly, which requires examining all possible k -mers presented in the dataset. Recently, an alternative way of profiling has been proposed, which constructs a set of representative k -mers as genomic markers and profiles their occurrences in the sequencing data. This technique has been applied in both transcript quantification through RNA-Seq and taxonomic classification of metagenomic reads. Most of these applications use a set of fixed-size k -mers since the majority of existing k -mer counters are inadequate to process genomic sequences with variable-length k -mers. However, choosing the appropriate k is challenging, as it varies for different applications. As a pioneer work to profile a set of variable-length k -mers, we propose TahcoRoll in order to enhance the Aho-Corasick algorithm. More specifically, we use one bit to represent each nucleotide, and integrate the rolling hash technique to construct an efficient in-memory data structure for this task. Using both synthetic and real datasets, results show that TahcoRoll outperforms existing approaches in either or both time and memory efficiency without using any disk space. In addition, compared to the most efficient state-of-the-art k -mer counters, such as KMC and MSBWT, TahcoRoll is the only approach that can process long read data from both PacBio and Oxford Nanopore on a commodity desktop computer. The source code of TahcoRoll is implemented in C++14, and available at https://github.com/chelseaju/TahcoRoll.git .
FORCE VARIATIONS - FORECAST OF THEIR ENTITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SPEED (1983)

A description is given of the relationship between the vertical and longitudinal force variations in a tyre under static conditions and their relationship with the deflection of the tyre. A procedure is then described for passing from the force variations in static conditions to those in dynamic conditions. For the covering abstract of the conference see TRIS 392374. (Author/TRRL)
De Novo Synthesis of Plasma Membrane and Tonoplast Polypeptides of Barley Roots during Short-Term K<sup>+</sup> Deprivation (1992)

[(35)S]Methionine labeling of intact barley roots (Hordeum vulgare cv Klondike) after short (6-12 h) and longer (18-24 and 90-96 h) periods of K(+) deprivation revealed that several membrane polypeptides were synthesized in significantly increased amounts following withdrawal of K(+) from nutrient solutions. One of these, a 43-kD polypeptide localized in plasma membrane- and tonoplast-enriched fractions, accounted for a large part of (35)S incorporation into membranes when [(35)S]methionine was administered for 6 h following 6 h of K(+) deprivation. With increasing duration of K(+) deprivation, (35)S incorporation into this 43-kD polypeptide decreased. This polypeptide, referred to as KR43, was not synthesized when NO(3) (-) or inorganic phosphate was removed or when Rb(+) was substituted for K(+). However, it was synthesized when K(+) was removed and replaced by an equivalent concentration of Na(+). The intrinsic nature of this polypeptide and the time course of changes in its expression, which correspond with changes of K(+)((86)Rb) influx associated with K(+) deprivation, provide evidence that this polypeptide may form part of the high-affinity K(+) transport system in barley roots. A possible role for this polypeptide is discussed in the context of changes in the subcellular distribution of K(+) in barley roots following interruption of K(+) supply. A 45-kD microsomal polypeptide, identified in earlier studies as a response to K(+) deprivation, is suggested to be an extrinsic protein, readily displaced from membranes by exposure to ethylenediaminetetraacetate.
Recent developments in rare-earth-doped fibres and fibre lasers (1987)

The development of techniques to produce single-mode rare-earth-doped fibres has led to many passive and active (laser) devices based on these fibres including distributed temperature sensors, high-rejection wavelength selective filters, and fibre lasers and amplifiers. The possibilities offered by fibre lasers and amplifiers are particularly exciting since they present a potential technique for achieving compact, tunable, diode-pumped, narrow-linewidth sources which are compatible with optical fibre technology. Recent developments include diode-pumped fibre lasers operating at 1.08µm with C.W. output powers of 6mW and Q-switched (pulsed) operation with output in excess of 13W. Single-longitudinal-mode operation with a linewidth of 1.3MHz has been demonstrated, as has single-polarisation operation with an extinction ratio of 37dB. The extension of these techniques to operation at 1.55µm will find immediate applications in coherent communications system and will be discussed, as will additional active and passive devices including in-line fibre amplifiers and bistable fibre switches.
A biometric based payment system by using payee and payer module (2017)

The essential advancement in payment mechanisms has an impact on everyone's standard of life. The latest payment mechanisms offer both advantages and disadvantages for the future. In order to have faster and efficiently suitable process, contactless payment has got attention with throughput with merchants prospective. These are the problems to the issuers, due to less robust customer verification mechanism. Thus, various researchers evolved and sustain an efficient, secure payment mechanism. This paper provides an approach and module by which one payee module can communicate with the player module using Bluetooth for money transfer from the payer's to the payee's bank. The significance of this approach is that it eliminates the physical need of case cash and serves for all types of payment and identity needs. The security of this module is intensified using biometric authentication. Finally, the results concludes a secure payment mechanism.
FACTORS AFFECTING PAIN OF INJECTION (1955)

This subject of pain from injections is one with which most adults have had intimate experience. On questioning a professional audience, I found that only one person in a hundred had never received a hypodermic injection of a medicine, vaccine, or test material. Furthermore, of those who had had an injection, only about 10% said they did not dread the next one. If persons were conditioned perfectly to the piqûre, there would be no unpleasant associations with it. But it is a sad commentary on current techniques of injection that so many persons have painful memories. Fear of the needle is usually acquired in childhood.<sup>1</sup>The psychic trauma to millions of the population produced in this way undoubtedly creates obstacles to good doctor-patient relationships, essential diagnostic procedures, and even life-saving therapy. <h3>IMMEDIATE PAIN OF INJECTION</h3> Attention has generally been focused on how to control pain of injection by rendering
Wind Farm NWP Data Preprocessing Method Based on t-SNE (2019)

The operation prediction of wind farms will be accompanied by the need for massive data processing, especially the preprocessing of wind farm meteorological data or numerical weather prediction (NWP). Because NWP data are strongly correlated with wind farm operation, proper processing of NWP data could not only reduce data volume but also improve the correlations of wind farm operation predictions. For this purpose, this paper proposes a data preprocessing algorithm based on t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE). Firstly, the data collected were normalized to eliminate the influence caused by different dimensions. The t-SNE algorithm is then used to reduce the dimensionality of the NWP data related to wind farm operation. Finally, the wind farm data visualization platform is established. In this paper, 22 index variables in NWP data were taken as objects. The t-SNE method was used to preprocess the NWP historical data of a wind farm, and the results were compared with the results of the principal component analysis (PCA) algorithm. It outperformed PCA in error precision; in addition, t-SNE dimension reduction preprocessing also had a visual effect, which could be applied to big data visualization platforms. A long short-term memory network (LSTM) was used to predict the operation of the wind farm by combining the preprocessed NWP data and the operation data. The simulation results proved that the effect of the preprocessed NWP data based on t-SNE on the wind power prediction was significantly improved.
Fatty acid composition of fats is an early determinant of childhood obesity: a short review and an opinion (2004)

The importance of dietary fat in human obesity remains a controversial issue as the prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased despite no dramatic change in the amount of ingested fats over the past few decades. However, qualitative changes (i.e. the fatty acid composition of fats) have been largely disregarded. In this review, we summarize experimental evidence which supports polyunsaturated fatty acids of the omega6 series as being potent promoters of both adipogenesis in vitro and adipose tissue development in vivo during the gestation/lactation period. This conclusion is also supported by epidemiological data from infant studies as well as by the assessment of the fatty acid composition of mature breast milk and formula milk. It is proposed that unnoticed changes in fatty acid composition of ingested fats over the last decades have been important determinants in the increasing prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity.
Digital-domain calibration of multistep analog-to-digital converters (1992)

A digital-domain self-calibration technique, which can directly measure and cancel code errors in multistep conversions, is developed to improve the linearity of multi-step analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). While conventional self-calibration techniques require separate digital-to-analog converters (DACs) for calibration purpose to subtract nonlinearity errors in the analog domain, the proposed digital calibration technique uses add-on digital logic to subtract nonlinearity errors digitally from uncalibrated digital outputs. In a prototype 12-b fully differential two-step ADC implemented using a 2- mu m n-well CMOS technology, this technique cancels MOS switch feedthrough, op-amp offsets, and interstage gain errors simultaneously, and improves total harmonic distortion from -64 to -77 dB.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Catalytic formation of aziridines from imines and diazoacetate (1995)

A catalytic method for the preparation of aziridines from imines and diazoacetate is developed using copper complexes as catalyst; the synthetic, diastereo- and enantio-selective scope of the reaction are presented.
Statistical Mechanics of Swelling of Network Structures (1950)

Inaccuracies in previously published theories dealing with the swelling of network polymers in solvents are pointed out. The treatment of Flory and Rehner, based on the tetrahedral model, is overly restrictive and leads to an entropy of swelling which is too small. A more recent treatment of Kuhn, Pasternak, and Kuhn introduces an error in the opposite direction. In the present paper the entropy of swelling a network of any degree of connectivity, or functionality f, is derived in a manner which avoids these inaccuracies. Corrected relationships are given for the partial molal-free energy of dilution, swelling equilibrium and the influence of deformation on swelling equilibrium. These differ appreciably from those previously given when the degree of interlinking (i.e., concentration of cross linkages if f=4) is large and the equilibrium degree of swelling therefore is small. Previous expressions for elastic deformation at constant volume are unaffected.
Concepts of Peripheral Nerve Repair (1981)

Current nerve repair techniques are based on long history of animal experimentation and clinical experience. The complex anatomy of the peripheral nervous system is closely correlated with function and plays an important role in the nerve repair. Traumatic nerve injuries are classified according to experimental mechanism, anatomical injury, and clinicopathological response. The treatment of surgical disorders is based upon morphological and clinical criteria. The phases of recovery are correlated with useful function. The role that clinical factors other than nerve repair play in determining recovery is presented. The problems with clinical studies and the current expectation for successful recovery are discussed.
Arsen‐organo‐Verbindungen. II. Zur Synthese der Dialkylamino‐dialkylarsine sowie der Dialkylarsine (1964)

Abstract Diäthylamino‐ und Piperidino‐dichlorarsine reagieren mit aliphatischen Grignard‐Verbindungen im Molverhältnis 1:2 unter Bildung der Amino‐dialkylarsine R 2 AsN(C 2 H 5 ) 2 und R 2 AsNC 5 H 10 (R  C 2 H 5 , C 2 H 5 , C 3 H 7 oder C 4 H 9 ). Die Amino‐dialkylarsine sind äußerst hydrolyseempfindlich, wobei eine quantitative Spaltung der AsN‐Bindung stattfindet. Eine Spaltung dieser Bindung resultiert gleichfalls mit HCl‐Gas. Es werden hierbei Amin‐hydrochloride und aliphatische Chlorarsine R 2 AsCl gebildet. Letztere lassen sich mit LiAlH 4 zu den entsprechenden Dialkylarsinen R 2 AsH reduzieren. In den Amino‐dialkylarsinen fungiert das Stickstoffatom als basisches Zentrum, wie aus der Ammoniumsalzbildung mittels CH 3 J zu folgern ist.
ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (1950)

In the welter of details contained in the preceding pages the reader has, I trust, perceived certain broad shining pathways leading towards our orthopaedic lode-star, the adequate treatment of all the crippled and disabled of our communityâadults and children, rich and poor. These are, as I see them, four in number: first, the emergence of our speciality from a tiny beginning, against the opposition of general surgery, to the position of an accepted branch of surgery secure in the support of all the branches of medical science. Second, the development not only of technical skill but of a humanitarian spirit which has resulted in the adequate care of the crippled child and, to a lesser degree, of the crippled adult. Third, the growth of educational facilities for undergraduate and postgraduate instruction and for research. Finally, the integration of orthopaedic surgery with all those progressive elements in the community which aim to democratize our efforts on behalf of the disabled.
Method comparison and validation of a prototype device for measurement of ionized calcium concentrations cow-side against a point-of-care instrument and a benchtop blood-gas analyzer reference method (2017)

The objective of this study was to assess an optimized ion-selective electrode Ca-module prototype as a potential cow-side device for ionized Ca (iCa) measurements in bovine blood. A linearity experiment showed no deviation from linearity over a range of iCa concentrations compared with a commercial point-of-care (POC) device commonly used in the field (POC<sub>VS</sub>; VetScan i-STAT, Abaxis North America, Union City, CA) and a laboratory gold standard benchtop blood-gas analyzer [reference analyzer (RA); ABL-800 FLEX, Radiometer Medical, Copenhagen, Denmark]. Coefficient of variation on 3 samples with high, within-range, and low iCa concentrations ranged from 1.0 to 3.9% for the prototype. A follow-up validation experiment was performed, in which our objectives were to (1) assess the performance of the prototype cow-side against the POC<sub>VS</sub> (farm gold-standard) using fresh non-anticoagulated whole-blood samples; (2) assess the performance of the prototype and the POC<sub>VS</sub> against the RA in a diagnostic laboratory using blood collected in a heparin-balanced syringe; and (3) assess the agreement of the prototype and POC<sub>VS</sub> on-farm (fresh non-anticoagulated whole blood) against the RA on heparin-balanced blood. Finally, sensitivity and specificity of the results obtained by the prototype and the POC<sub>VS</sub> cow-side compared with the results obtained by the laboratory RA using 3 different iCa cut points for classification of subclinical hypocalcemia were calculated. A total of 101 periparturient Holstein cows from 3 dairy farms in New York State were used for the second experiment. Ionized Ca results from the prototype cow-side were, on average, 0.06 mmol/L higher than the POC<sub>VS</sub>. With heparin-balanced samples under laboratory conditions, the prototype and POC<sub>VS</sub> measured an average 0.04 mmol/L higher and lower, respectively, compared with the RA. Results from the prototype and POC<sub>VS</sub> cow-side were 0.01 mmol/L higher and 0.05 mmol/L lower, respectively, compared with results from the laboratory RA on heparinized blood. Sensitivity and specificity for the prototype and the POC<sub>VS</sub> under farm conditions at 3 potential subclinical hypocalcemia cut points were 100 and ≥93.5%, respectively. This novel ion-selective electrode Ca-module could become a rapid low-cost tool for assessing iCa cow-side, while qualitatively allowing classification of subclinical hypocalcemia on-farm.
Inhaled Anesthesia: The Original Closed-Loop Drug Administration Paradigm (2008)

We administer anesthetics to obtain therapeutic effects and minimize untoward side effects. Anesthetists can precisely control inhaled anesthetic concentrations by controlling end-tidal volatile anesthetic concentrations. This degree of control eliminates the need for closed-loop inhaled anesthetic systems. The low solubility of modern inhaled anesthetics adds to the stability and control of the anesthetic state; the effective inhaled concentration varies little during maintenance of anesthesia unless altered by the anesthetist. A less precise closed-loop system applies a processed electroencephalogram (EEG) to assess depth of anesthesia and enable accurate delivery of volatile and intravenous anesthetics to maintain a stable state of anesthesia.
Introduction to the Special Issue: Homelessness in Canada (2010)

In February 2009, over 700 people gathered for more than three-days at 'Growing Home,' Canada's second national conference on housing and homelessness (www.nhc2009. ca) to explore causes and solutions to this urgent problem. Conference delegates included those who are experiencing or have experienced homelessness, their families, policy analysts, political activists, politicians, professionals, scholars, those in the affordable housing community, and concerned citizens generally. Over 140 academic papers and workshops were delivered by the country's leading researchers and homelessness- serving practitioners.
The coming electronic commerce (R)evolution (1995)

Advances in interactive communication will dramatically alter the structure of distribution. Will end users' direct access to on‐line product and purchasing data eliminate the need for many specialty resellers? Will large distributors become more like public warehouses? What is the long‐term potential of “electronic commerce”?
Dynamic performance evaluation of the Cartesian feedback linear transmitter (1994)

The parameters affecting the performance of the Cartesian feedback linear transmitter aer investigated by means of a computer model. The model has been validated by comparison with results from a fully developed experimental transmitter. Information obtained from the simulation can greatly simplify the transmitter design task, this has made it possible to predict the performance of the hardware prior to construction