gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Alpha‐Synuclein induces hyperphosphorylation of Tau in the MPTP model of Parkinsonism (2006)

Many neurodegenerative diseases associated with functional Tau dysregulation, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other tauopathies, also show alpha-synuclein (alpha-Syn) pathology, a protein associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) pathology. Here we show that treatment of primary mesencephalic neurons (48 h) or subchronic treatment of wild-type (WT) mice with the Parkinsonism-inducing neurotoxin MPP+/MPTP, results in selective dose-dependent hyperphosphorylation of Tau at Ser396/404 (PHF-1-reactive Tau, p-Tau), with no changes in pSer202 but with nonspecific increases in pSer262 levels. The presence of alpha-Syn was absolutely mandatory to observe MPP+/MPTP-induced increases in p-Tau levels, since no alterations in p-Tau were seen in transfected cells not expressing alpha-Syn or in alpha-Syn-/- mice. MPP+/MPTP also induced a significant accumulation of alpha-Syn in both mesencephalic neurons and in WT mice striatum. MPTP/MPP+ lead to differential alterations in p-Tau and alpha-Syn levels in a cytoskeleton-bound, vs. a soluble, cytoskeleton-free fraction, inducing their coimmunoprecipitation in the cytoskeleton-free fraction and neuronal soma. Subchronic MPTP exposure increased sarkosyl-insoluble p-Tau in striatum of WT but not alpha-Syn-/- mice. These studies describe a novel mechanism for MPTP neurotoxicity, namely a MPTP-inducible, strictly alpha-Syn-dependent, increased formation of PHF-1-reactive Tau, suggesting convergent overlapping pathways in the genesis of clinically divergent diseases such as AD and PD.
Thermally Modulated Flux Concentrator for Minimizing $1/f$ Noise in Magnetoresistance-Based Field Sensors (2008)

In order to take advantage of the high sensitivity in magneto-resistance based field sensor, 1/f noise must be minimized for low frequency field measurement. We propose a novel thermally modulated flux concentrator design, which can mitigate the 1/f noise by shifting the measurement frequency to kHz range. The proposed flux concentrator is made of the materials with Curie points around operation temperature. Numerical simulation demonstrated the feasibility of kHz temperature modulation of 20degC around the Curie temperature. Modulation efficiency can be significantly higher than state-of-the-art flux concentrators. In addition, the numerical simulation also demonstrated the robustness of the thermal modulation on flux concentrator against various nonidealities.
The role of dopamine neurotransmission in ethanol dependence development and ethanol withdrawal in rats. (1995)

This study was undertaken to evaluate the influence of acute doses of ethanol, chronic ethanol administration and the withdrawal syndrome on central dopaminergic neurotransmission in 700 rats. The ethanol effects were differentiated by their influence on D1 and D2 receptors using following dopaminergic ligands. SKF 38393 (2.5 mg/kg), SCH 23,390 (0.5 mg/kg), pimozide (1 mg/kg), PPHT (2 mg/kg). It was found that ethanol in a low single dose (1.0 g/kg p.o.) increased DA level in rats' brain. In chronic alcoholized rats SKF 38,393 increased the D1 receptor answer in biochemical and behavioural experiments. During the withdrawal period in rats D2 agonist PPHT reversed abstinence symptoms whereas other DA antagonists normalized only some parameters altered by ethanol removal from the diet.
Research of WEB Application Based on JSF Technology (2008)

This paper introduces JSF is a new develop framework for WEB application.in the meantime,the basic work mechanism and particular application of JSF framework are also discussed.
Mechanism for ohmic contact formation of Ni∕Ag contacts on p-type GaN (2004)

The mechanism for ohmic contact formation of Ni∕Ag contacts on p-type GaN was investigated using synchrotron photoemission spectroscopy. A low contact resistivity of 6.6×10−5Ωcm2 was obtained from Ni(50Å)∕Ag(1200Å) contact after annealing at 500°C in O2 ambient. Ni out-diffused to form a NiO and Ag in-diffused into the contact interface during the oxidation annealing. Out-diffused Ga atoms from GaN could dissolve in the Ag layer to form Ag–Ga solid solutions, leaving Ga vacancies below the contact. Ga vacancies could increase the net hole concentration and reduce the surface band bending, resulting in the ohmic contact formation.
The N-terminal Shuttle Domain of Erv1 Determines the Affinity for Mia40 and Mediates Electron Transfer to the Catalytic Erv1 Core in Yeast Mitochondria (2010)

Erv1 and Mia40 constitute the two important components of the disulfide relay system that mediates oxidative protein folding in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. Mia40 is the import receptor that recognizes the substrates introducing disulfide bonds while it is reduced. A key function of Erv1 is to recycle Mia40 to its active oxidative state. Our aims here were to dissect the domain of Erv1 that mediates the protein-protein interaction with Mia40 and to investigate the interactions between the shuttle domain of Erv1 and its catalytic core and their relevance for the interaction with Mia40. We purified these domains separately as well as cysteine mutants in the shuttle and the active core domains. The noncovalent interaction of Mia40 with Erv1 was measured by isothermal titration calorimetry, whereas their covalent mixed disulfide intermediate was analyzed in reconstitution experiments in vitro and in organello. We established that the N-terminal shuttle domain of Erv1 is necessary and sufficient for interaction to occur. Furthermore, we provide direct evidence for the intramolecular electron transfer from the shuttle cysteine pair of Erv1 to the core domain. Finally, we reconstituted the system by adding in trans the N- and C- terminal domains of Erv1 together with its substrate Mia40.
A model for multiple subcutaneous insulin injections developed from individual diabetic patient data (1995)

Many diabetic patients taking multiple subcutaneous insulin injections cannot adjust their dosage appropriately to maintain blood glucose within a normal range. It is hard to predict how dosage changes and physiological fluctuations affect insulin levels and subsequently glucose control. To examine these issues, we have developed a model representing the link between dosage and blood insulin levels. Our model adequately predicts insulin concentrations for individual patients and could be incorporated into an overall glucose-insulin representation. More importantly, parameter and sensitivity analysis results highlight insulin kinetic features that are difficult to isolate in a clinical setting and that may significantly influence glucose dynamics. For example, large interpatient variation, measured quantitatively by model parameters, emphasizes the need for individualized design of insulin regimens. Intrapatient variations are also large in some patients. Improved control for these patients may only be possible through more frequent sampling and control action. The sensitivity coefficient for absorption suggests a significant overlapping injection effect that is not considered in present patient management strategies.
ChemInform Abstract: An Improved Method for the Preparation of 4,5‐Diaminochrysazin. (2011)

Abstract The title method affords the title compound (V) in high purity and is suitable for scale‐up.
High‐Speed Adder (2004)

This chapter includes the following topics: Conditional-Sum Addition Carry-Completion Sensing Addition Carry-Lookahead Addition (CLA) Carry-Save Adders (CSA) Bit-Partitioned Multiple Addition
The bibliographical databases discussion group (1982)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Survival and Death Strategies in Glioma Cells: Autophagy, Senescence and Apoptosis Triggered by a Single Type of Temozolomide-Induced DNA Damage (2013)

Apoptosis, autophagy, necrosis and cellular senescence are key responses of cells that were exposed to genotoxicants. The types of DNA damage triggering these responses and their interrelationship are largely unknown. Here we studied these responses in glioma cells treated with the methylating agent temozolomide (TMZ), which is a first-line chemotherapeutic for this malignancy. We show that upon TMZ treatment cells undergo autophagy, senescence and apoptosis in a specific time-dependent manner. Necrosis was only marginally induced. All these effects were completely abrogated in isogenic glioma cells expressing O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), indicating that a single type of DNA lesion, O(6)-methylguanine (O(6)MeG), is able to trigger all these responses. Studies with mismatch repair mutants and MSH6, Rad51 and ATM knockdowns revealed that autophagy induced by O(6)MeG requires mismatch repair and ATM, and is counteracted by homologous recombination. We further show that autophagy, which precedes apoptosis, is a survival mechanism as its inhibition greatly ameliorated the level of apoptosis following TMZ at therapeutically relevant doses (<100 µM). Cellular senescence increases with post-exposure time and, similar to autophagy, precedes apoptosis. If autophagy was abrogated, TMZ-induced senescence was reduced. Therefore, we propose that autophagy triggered by O(6)MeG adducts is a survival mechanism that stimulates cells to undergo senescence rather than apoptosis. Overall, the data revealed that a specific DNA adduct, O(6)MeG, has the capability of triggering autophagy, senescence and apoptosis and that the decision between survival and death is determined by the balance of players involved. The data also suggests that inhibition of autophagy may ameliorate the therapeutic outcome of TMZ-based cancer therapy.
Why Elected Local Government? (1994)

In this chapter we address that deceptively simple question: why elected local government? In Chapter 2 we identified the defining characteristics of our local government system and some of the challenges facing it in the 1990s. We look now at the principles underpinning that system, at its rationale and raison d'être, its value and values. Most of this chapter will emphasise the benefits and positive attributes of elected local government as we defined it in Chapter 2. The emphasis reflects a bias to which we readily admit: a predisposition in favour of decentralisation of power and against its undue concentration.
Pruning of recurrent neural models: an optimal brain damage approach (2018)

This paper considers the problem of pruning recurrent neural models of perceptron type with one hidden layer which may be used for modelling of dynamic system. In order to reduce the number of model parameters (i.e. the number of weights), the Optimal Brain Damage (OBD) pruning algorithm is adopted for the recurrent neural models. Efficiency of the OBD algorithm is demonstrated for pruning neural models of a neutralisation reactor benchmark process. For the considered neutralisation system, the OBD algorithm makes it possible to reduce as many as 60% of model parameters and reduce the validation error by some 30% when compared to the full (unpruned) models.
Inhibition of leukocyte rolling in venules by protamine and sulfated polysaccharides (1991)

Intravital video microscopy was used to investigate leukocyte margination in 80 mesenteric venules (19 to 54 microns) of 50 anesthetized rabbits. After intravenous (IV) bolus injection, sulfated polysaccharides reduced in a reversible and dose-dependent way the number of leukocytes rolling slowly along the venular wall. The presence of sulfate groups is essential because other negatively charged or neutral polysaccharides had no effect. It was not caused by an increase in RBC velocity or chelation of divalent cations. Inhibition by sulfated dextrans (n = 7) was independent of molecular weight (mol wt 13,000 to 500,000) but was influenced by the average number of sulfate groups per monosaccharide. With substitution 0.13, the 90%-inhibition dose was 104 mg/kg, with 0.7 it was 56 mg/kg, and between substitution 1 and 2 it ranged from 20 to 23 mg/kg. At 100 mg/kg, plasma concentration was 0.6 to 0.7 mg/mL. Xylan sulfate (mol wt 6,000, substitution 1.8) gave 90% inhibition at 11 mg/kg, and heparin gave 90% inhibition at 97 mg/kg. Duration of inhibition (0.5 to 2 hours) depended on mol wt and appeared to be related to plasma clearance. Because protamine also inhibited rolling (12 mg/kg; less than 10 minutes), we propose that repetitive formation and breakup of ionic bonds between sulfate groups and positively charged amino acids is involved in leukocyte rolling. During inhibition of rolling, systemic lymphocyte/monocyte levels appeared to increase. Granulocyte counts did not change, indicating that rolling is not the main mechanism responsible for the marginal granulocyte pool.
Stable Recovery of Sparse Signals Via Regularized Minimization (2008)

Suppose we want to recover a vector x <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> isinR <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sup> from incomplete and contaminated measurements y=Ax <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> +e, where A is a p by m matrix, p<m and e is an error term, parepar <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> =epsiv. In previous work, Donoho et al. (1998), Candes et al. (Commun. Pure Appl.) have shown that if the signal x <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> is sufficiently sparse, it can be recovered stably by lscr <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> -minimization. More precisely, the vector x <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">#</sup> with minimal lscr <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> norm, constrained by parAx <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">#</sup> -ypar <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> lesepsiv, satisfies parx <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">#</sup> -x <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> par <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> lesCepsiv. In the present correspondence it is shown that one can also choose a regularization approach, in which one minimizes the functional parAx-ypar <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> +muparxpar <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> , without additional constraints; its minimizer x* is likewise a good estimate for x <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> , with a bound on parx*-x <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> par <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> proportional to epsiv.
On death and dying. (1975)

Although most areas of human experience are nowadays discussed freely and openly, the subject of death is still surrounded by conventional attitudes and reticence that offer only fragile comfort because they evade the real issues. The dying may thus be denied the opportunity of sharing their feelings and discussing their needs with family, friends, or hospital staff. Although receiving devoted medical care, a dying patient is often socially isolated and avoided, since professional staff and students can find contact painful and embarrasing. 
Aware of the strains imposed on all sides by this situation, Dr Kubler-Ross established a seminar at the University of Chicago to consider the implications of terminal illness for patients and for those involved in their care. Patients invited to talk about their experience often found great relief in expressing their fear and anger and were able to move towards a state of acceptance and peace. The seminar, initially composed of students of medicine, sociology, psychology, and theology, but later joined by hospital staff and relatives of patients, enabled many members to come to terms with their own feelings and to respond constructi to what the patients had to teach them.
The Uniform Adoption Act (1995)

The Spring 1993 issue of The Future of Children focused on adoption. Guest Editor Dr. Irving Schulman and the Center staff emphasized the significant societal as well as private benefits of adoption, especially for children in need of permanent families, and called for careful consideration of policies intended to remove persistent and unreasonable barriers to adoption. In an article which appeared in that issue, Joan Hollinger discussed how a complex regulatory system, as well as the lack of consensus about the functions served by adoption, produces uncertainty on issues as basic as determining who are the "parents" whose consent is required for adoption, evaluating the suitability of prospective adoptive parents for different kinds of children, deciding how much information must or may be shared between birth and adoptive families, and distinguishing between lawful placement activities and illegal "baby-selling." Hollinger and the Center staff recommended passage of more uniform state adoption laws to facilitate adoption while adequately protecting the interests of all parties. This article describes the proposed Uniform Adoption Act (UAA) promulgated in 1994 by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws (NCCUSL) and discusses the likelihood of its enactment by the states.
Molecular analysis of the prostate-specific antigen upstream gene enhancer (2001)

These results correlate unknown sequence-specific DNA binding proteins with androgen-mediated regulation of a prostate-specific gene, thus providing further insight into the mechanism of PSA gene expression.
Pre-, Pro-, and Synbiotics: Do They Have a Role in Reducing Uremic Toxins? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2012)

Objective. This paper assessed the effectiveness of pre-, pro-, and synbiotics on reducing two protein-bound uremic toxins, p-cresyl sulphate (PCS) and indoxyl sulphate (IS). Methods. English language studies reporting serum, urinary, or fecal PCS and/or IS (or their precursors) following pre-, pro-, or synbiotic interventions (>1 day) in human adults were included. Population estimates of differences in the outcomes between the pre- and the postintervention were estimated for subgroups of studies using four meta-analyses. Quality was determined using the GRADE approach. Results. 19 studies met the inclusion criteria, 14 in healthy adults and five in haemodialysis patients. Eight studies investigated prebiotics, six probiotics, one synbiotics, one both pre- and probiotics, and three studies trialled all three interventions. The quality of the studies ranged from moderate to very low. 12 studies were included in the meta-analyses with all four meta-analyses reporting statistically significant reductions in IS and PCS with pre- and probiotic therapy. Conclusion. There is a limited but supportive evidence for the effectiveness of pre- and probiotics on reducing PCS and IS in the chronic kidney disease population. Further studies are needed to provide more definitive findings before routine clinical use can be recommended.
Efficacy of Combination Therapy for Patients with Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome: A Prospective Study (2006)

Purpose: The National Institute of Health (NIH) category III chronic nonbacterial prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndromes (CPPS) are commonly seen disorders; however, there has been no consensus on how to manage these patients. The purpose of this trial was to compare the efficacy of antibiotic monotherapy and antibiotic plus alpha-blocker combination therapy for the treatment of CPPS patients. Materials and Methods: The study was comprised of 54 patients who were randomly placed into two groups: group I was treated with levofloxacin alone (28 patients), and group II was treated with levofloxacin and alfuzosin (26 patients). The levofloxacin, or the levofloxacin and alfuzosin were given to the respective groups for 8 weeks. The NIH Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) was evaluated both before and after the treatment. Results: Before the treatment, the mean CPSI of the group I patients was 23.1±8.1, and after the treatment, it was 15.6±5.6. For the group II, the mean CPSI before the treatment was 23.9±8.3, and after the treatment, it was 11.0±4.5. The difference between the preand post-treatment CPSI scores of group II was significantly larger than that of group I (p=0.001). The mean differences of the CPSI from the initial scores to the final scores in both groups were followed: -2.2 in group I and -4.3 in group II for the pain domain, -1.5 in group I and -2.8 in group II for the urinary domain, and -3.8 in group I and -5.7 in group II for the quality of life domain. Conclusions: Combination therapy of levofloxacin with alfuzosin appeared more effective for treating patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome than just administering antibiotic alone. (Korean J Urol 2006;47:536-540)
A New Representation of Wells in Numerical Reservoir Simulation (1994)

Summary Numerical PI's are used to relate wellblock and wellbore pressures and the flow rate of a well in reservoir simulations by finite differences. This approach is based on an "equivalent wellblock radius," req,o. When nonuniform grids are used, req,o may create an error in wellbore pressure or oil rate. This paper presents a new well representation. The analytical solution for near-well pressure is included by modifying the transmissibilities between gridblocks so that flow around a well is described fully. The new method is applicable to nonuniform grids and nonisolated wells.
Heliotherapy (1922)

Journal Article Heliotherapy Get access Eleanor Fisher Eleanor Fisher 1U. S. Veterans’ Hospital No. 45, Biltmore, N. C. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Physical Therapy, Volume 2, Issue 3, September 1922, Pages 14–16, https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/2.3.14 Published: 01 September 1922
Theoretical and experimental analysis of a partially textured thrust bearing with square dimples (2007)

Surface texturing has proved to be very efficient in full and mixed lubrication, reducing the friction coefficient and the wear rate of mating surfaces. By partially texturing the inlet zone of a thrust washer pad load carrying capacity is generated in the system. In the present paper, a partially textured thrust bearing with square dimples is analysed theoretically using a thermohydrodynamic model. The equations are solved numerically by the finite-difference method. The bearing was realized by the photolithographic method and the theoretical results (fluid film thickness and friction torque) were compared with the experimental data obtained on the test rig. It is found that an optimal number of 12 sectors maximize the load carrying capacity of the bearing. The optimal textured fraction, which maximizes the load carrying capacity is 0.5 on the circumferential direction and 0.9-1 on the radial direction. A good correlation was found between the theoretical and experimental results for the two measured parameters (fluid film thickness and friction torque).