gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i>Handbook of Geophysics and Space Environments</i> (1966)

Abstract : This handbook is a comprehensive collection of data, formulas, definitions, and theories concerning the natural environment. It was written by scientists of the Air Force Cambridge Reserach Laboratories (AFCRL) which, in 1976, became the Air Force Geophysics Laboratory (AFGL). It was designed to serve a broad spectrum of users: the planner, designer, developer, and operator of aerospace systems; the scientist who will find the tables and figures a convenient reference in his own field; the specialist who needs environmental data in another discipline; and science minded people who seek a summary of space-age environmental research. Revisions of individual chapters and sections of this handbook will be published as additional environmental reserach efforts pay off in new knowledge.
Adenosine 5'-triphosphate leakage does not cause abortive infection of bacteriophage T7 in male Escherichia coli (1980)

galU and rpsL mutations restore plating efficiency of bacteriophage T7 in male Escherichia coli without suppressing leakage of adenosine 5'-triphosphate pools.
Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation in Rehabilitation of Movement Disorders: A Review Of Current Research (2010)

PHYSIOLOGICAL RESEARCH HAS SHOWN THAT AUDITORY rhythm has a profound effect on the motor system. Evidence shows that the auditory and motor system have a rich connectivity across a variety of cortical, subcortical, and spinal levels. The auditory system—a fast and precise processor or temporal information—projects into motor structures in the brain, creating entrainment between the rhythmic signal and the motor response. Based on these physiological connections, a large number of clinical studies have researched the effectiveness of rhythm and music to produce functional change in motor therapy for stroke, Parkinson's disease, traumatic brain injury, and other conditions. Results have been strong in favor of rhythmic auditory stimulation (RAS) to significantly improve gait and upper extremity function. Comparative studies also have shown RAS to be more effective than other sensory cues and other techniques in physical rehabilitation.
Bluetooth: Opening a Blue Sky for Healthcare (2006)

Over the last few years, there has been a blossoming of developing mobile healthcare programs. Bluetooth technology, which has the advantages of being low‐power and inexpensive, whilst being able to transfer moderate amounts of data over a versatile, robust and secure radio link, has been widely applied in mobile healthcare as a replacement for cables. This paper discussed the applications of Bluetooth technology in healthcare. It started with the brief description of the history of Bluetooth technology, its technical characteristics, and the latest developments. Then the applications of Bluetooth technology in healthcare sector were reviewed. The applications are based on two basic types of links of Bluetooth technology: point‐to‐point link and point‐to‐multipoint link. The special requirements from healthcare and the challenges of successful application of Bluetooth in healthcare will be discussed. At last the future development of Bluetooth technology and its impacts on healthcare were envisioned.
Essential Role of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase in Leptin-inducedK ATP Channel Activation in the Rat CRI-G1 Insulinoma Cell Line (2000)

The mechanism by which leptin increases ATP-sensitive K(+) (K(ATP)) channel activity was investigated using the insulin-secreting cell line, CRI-G1. Wortmannin and LY 294002, inhibitors of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3-kinase), prevented activation of K(ATP) channels by leptin. The inositol phospholipids phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate and phosphatidylinositol trisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3)) mimicked the effect of leptin by increasing K(ATP) channel activity in whole-cell and inside-out current recordings. LY 294002 prevented phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate, but not PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3), from increasing K(ATP) channel activity, consistent with the latter lipid acting as a membrane-associated messenger linking leptin receptor activation and K(ATP) channels. Signaling cascades, activated downstream from PI 3-kinase, utilizing PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3) as a second messenger and commonly associated with insulin and cytokine action (MAPK, p70 ribosomal protein-S6 kinase, stress-activated protein kinase 2, p38 MAPK, and protein kinase B), do not appear to be involved in leptin-mediated activation of K(ATP) channels in this cell line. Although PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3) appears a plausible and attractive candidate for the messenger that couples K(ATP) channels to leptin receptor activation, direct measurement of PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3) demonstrated that insulin, but not leptin, increased global cellular levels of PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3). Possible mechanisms to explain the involvement of PI 3-kinases in K(ATP) channel regulation are discussed.
The Concept of a Buffer Volume as Applied to Stack Emissions (2000)

A novel approach for the protection of both ground level and elevated receptors from nearby stack emissions is described. Namely, the concept of a 'buffer volume' surrounding a stack is advanced. The 'Grant Street stack', which serves the Domain tunnel of the City Link road infrastructure project in Melbourne, has been used as a case study for the specification and application of the buffer volume concept to a building height control overlay. Employing a worst-case-scenario approach, emissions have been modelled with the dispersion model AUSPLUME. The resulting geometric approximations of the plume envelope were used to define the dimensions of the required buffer volume. The buffer volume dimensions were then incorporated into a technically supportable building height control overlay. The buffer volume overlay addresses the protection of sensitive receptors from the plume, as well as ensuring that the plume dispersion is unaffected by building wakes from proposed building developments located near a stack.
Design and implementation of distributed intrusion detection system based on honeypot (2010)

For the shortcoming of traditional intrusion detection system (IDS) in complex and unknown attack detection. A distributed intrusion detection system based on honeypot was proposed. We make use of honeypot to collect the invasion characteristics on the network, and use the method of unsupervised clustering (UC) and genetic clustering to extract the data for analysis. In addition, in order to improve the detection performance of the IDS, it combined protocol analysis with signature detection modules. Experiments result show that this system can better detect intrusion and improve the overall safety performance of large-scale networks.
Achilles Tendon Ruptures Stratified by Age, Race, and Cause of Injury among Active Duty U.S. Military Members (1999)

A total of 865 members of the U.S. military underwent repair of Achilles tendon ruptures at U.S. military hospitals during calendar years 1994, 1995, and 1996. The discharge summaries of these patients were analyzed for patient demographic information, including age, race, and causative activity. Patients were then stratified by age, race, and cause of injury. Blacks were at increased risk for undergoing repair of the Achilles tendon compared with nonblacks (overall relative risk = 4.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.63, 4.74; summary odds ratio controlling for age = 3.69, CI = 3.25, 4.19). Participation in the game of basketball accounted for 64.9% of all injuries in black patients and 34.0% of all injuries in nonblack patients. Among those injured, blacks had a significantly increased risk for injury related to playing basketball than nonblacks (relative risk = 1.82, CI = 1.58, 2.10). This finding suggests that there may be other predisposing factor(s) that result in a higher risk of Achilles tendon ruptures in black individuals.
Oligonucleotides DNA containing 8-trifluoromethyl-2′-deoxyguanosine for observing Z-DNA structure (2020)

Z-DNA is known to be a left-handed alternative form of DNA and has important biological roles as well as being related to cancer and other genetic diseases. It is therefore important to investigate Z-DNA structure and related biological events in living cells. However, the development of molecular probes for the observation of Z-DNA structures inside living cells has not yet been realized. Here, we have succeeded in developing site-specific trifluoromethyl oligonucleotide DNA by incorporation of 8-trifluoromethyl-2'-deoxyguanosine (FG). 2D NMR strongly suggested that FG adopted a syn conformation. Trifluoromethyl oligonucleotides dramatically stabilized Z-DNA, even under physiological salt concentrations. Furthermore, the trifluoromethyl DNA can be used to directly observe Z-form DNA structure and interaction of DNA with proteins in vitro, as well as in living human cells by19F NMR spectroscopy for the first time. These results provide valuable information to allow understanding of the structure and function of Z-DNA.
Microsatellite Analysis of Synchronous and Metachronous Tumors (2003)

Despite well-established histopathological features and the development of immunostaining of human neoplasms, there are a number of cases in which surgical pathologists cannot assure the origin of synchronous and metachronous tumors. In many cases, the classification of these lesions as either two separate primary tumors or as a single primary tumor with a metastasis has significant implications with respect to patient prognosis and recommendations for therapy. To establish the origin of tumors, we assessed tumor cell clonality using PCR-based microsatellite analysis on microdissected archival tissues for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and microsatellite instability (MSI) in a series of 19 paired synchronous and metachronous tumors from several organs. As a control group, 15 autopsy cases with an unequivocally recognizable primary tumor and associated metastases were also examined. Based on LOH and MSI findings, and using a panel of 4 to 12 (median 7) microsatellite markers, we were able to establish the clonal pattern of microsatellite changes in 17 out of 19 (89%) biopsy cases and thus determine if they were either double primary tumors (41%) or metastases (59%). Of interest, identical or similar pattern of microsatellite abnormalities were detected in 15 primary tumors and corresponding metastasis from autopsies. Our results indicate that microsatellite analysis for LOH and MSI, as an expression of clonality, provides a useful tool to distinguish double primary neoplasms and metastases in synchronous and metachronous tumors.
Traumatic axonal injury despite clinical phenotype of mild traumatic brain injury: a case report (2017)

TAI of four kinds of neural tracts was demonstrated in a patient with mild TBI despite airbag deployment, using DTT.
Review of a Pivotal Human Factors Article: “Humans and Automation: Use, Misuse, Disuse, Abuse” (2008)

Understanding this coevolution has important philosophical implications for the nature of human cognition and practical implications for satisfaction, performance, and safety.
Oil Rigs Designed to Combat Arctic Ice (1983)

Exploration and drilling rigs now being designed for use in the Beaufort Sea must withstand ice forces never before encountered. Design approaches include using the geometry of these structures to intercept and dissipate ice forces and transferring shear to the seabed soil by steel skirts, caissons or piles. Materials must be chosen carefully so that steel does not become brittle and concrete can withstand freeze-thaw attack. The structures must be capable of being moved to new locations. Three examples are provided.
Isolation of Mutants of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris Showing Altered Pathogenicity (1984)

A procedure has been developed for rapidly inoculating large numbers of turnip seedlings with Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, the causal agent of black rot of crucifers. Following mutagenesis bacterial mutants were isolated which showed altered pathogenicity. The mutants gave a range of responses on plants and some were impaired in their ability to grow in seedlings.
Effects of chronic ethanol feeding on rat hepatocytic glutathione. Relationship of cytosolic glutathione to efflux and mitochondrial sequestration. (1989)

Chronic ethanol feeding to rats increases the sinusoidal component of hepatic glutathione (GSH) efflux, despite a lower steady-state GSH pool size. In the present studies, no increase of biliary GSH efflux in vivo was found in chronic ethanol-fed cells. Studies were performed on ethanol-fed and pair-fed cells to identify the kinetic parameters of cellular GSH concentration-dependent efflux. The relationship between cytosolic GSH and the rate of efflux was modeled by the Hill equation, revealing a similar Vmax, 0.22 +/- 0.013 vs. 0.20 +/- 0.014 nmol/min per 10(6) cells for ethanol-fed and pair-fed cells, respectively, whereas the Km was significantly decreased (25.3 +/- 2.3 vs. 33.5 +/- 1.4 nmol/10(6) cells) in ethanol-fed cells. The difference in Km was larger when the data were corrected for the increased water content in ethanol-fed cells. We found a direct correlation between mitochondria and cytosolic GSH, revealing that mitochondria from ethanol-fed cells have less GSH at all cytosolic GSH values. The rate of resynthesis in depleted ethanol-fed cells in the presence of methionine and serine was similar to control cells and gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase remained unaffected by chronic ethanol. However, the reaccumulation of mitochondrial GSH as the cytosolic pool increased was impaired in the ethanol cells. The earliest time change in GSH regulation was a 50% decrease in the mitochondrial GSH at 2 wk.
Capabilities of near Infrared Spectroscopy for the Determination of Petroleum Macromolecule Content in Aromatic Solutions (2007)

In this paper the application of near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for the determination of petroleum macromolecules content in model systems is reported. Eighty (80) solutions of three main types of oil macromolecules (asphaltenes, resins, and paraffins) in toluene were studied. NIR spectra within the range 8,000–14,000 cm −1 were used to construct calibration models using the partial least squares method. The low prediction error of the models (0.43, 0.79 and 0.39% w/w for asphaltenes, resins and paraffins, respectively) indicate that NIR spectroscopy can be applied to analyse the petroleum macromolecule content in natural systems (crude oil and its refined products).
Reference values for oxygen saturation from sea level to the highest human habitation in the Andes in acclimatised persons (2017)

Oxygen saturation, measured by pulse oximetry (SpO<sub>2</sub>), is a vital clinical measure. Our descriptive, cross-sectional study describes SpO<sub>2</sub> measurements from 6289 healthy subjects from age 1 to 80 years at 15 locations from sea level up to the highest permanent human habitation. Oxygen saturation measurements are illustrated as percentiles. As altitude increased, SpO<sub>2</sub> decreased, especially at altitudes above 2500 m. The increase in altitude had a significant impact on SpO<sub>2</sub> measurements for all age groups. Our data provide a reference range for expected SpO<sub>2</sub> measurements in people from 1 to 80 years from sea level to the highest city in the world.
Activation Barriers for Oxygen Diffusion in Polystyrene and Polycarbonate Glasses: Effects of Low Molecular Weight Additives (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTActivation Barriers for Oxygen Diffusion in Polystyrene and Polycarbonate Glasses: Effects of Low Molecular Weight AdditivesYuanping Gao, Arthur M. Baca, Bojie Wang, and Peter R. OgilbyCite this: Macromolecules 1994, 27, 24, 7041–7048Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00102a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00102a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views707Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Evaluation of the Response of Time-Division Multipliers to AC and DC Input Signals (1975)

Three modifications of time-division multipliers have been investigated with respect to their response to ac and dc input quantities. These investigations were part of the development of an electronic ac-dc power comparator and were carried out by aid of a computer (Siemens type 4004). The calculations take into account different values of power factors, sample rates, amplitudes and different signal phases with respect to the first sample pulse. Results are presented in form of graphs and tables.
Bioconversion of hemicellulose: Aspects of hemicellulase production by <i>Trichoderma reesei</i> QM 9414 and enzymic saccharification of hemicellulose (1983)

The growth of Trichoderma reesei QM9414 in shake flasks at 28 degrees C on hemicellulose substrates and bagasse resulted in rather low yields of hemicellulolytic enzymes (1.0-1.5 units/mL xylanase and 0.05-0.08 units/mL beta-xylosidase). The influence of pH on the synthesis of beta-xylosidase was greater than on the synthesis of xylanase. Both xylanase and beta-xylosidase showed optimal activity at pH 4-5 and 55-60 degrees C. Xylanase was stable at pH 2-10 but was heat labile and totally inactivated after 1 h at 65 degrees C. Enzyme stability towards heat could be increased in the presence of bovine serum albumin. The beta-xylosidase was more tolerant to heat, but stable over a pH range 2.5-6.0. The D-xylose inhibited both enzymes in a competitive manner. Hemicellulose (heteroxylan) was degraded to the extent of 30-40%within 24 h. The degree of hydrolysis decreased as the substrate concentration increased and increased with increased amounts of enzyme. Multiple enzyme doses resulted in increased saccharification in reduced times. The degree of hydrolysis was influenced by the amount of beta-xylosidase present in the hemicellulolytic enzyme preparation. The -;xylosidase was demonstrated to play an important role in the overall conversion of heteroxylan into xylose that is analogous to the role of beta-glucosidase in the saccharification of cellulose by cellulases.
A modified physical clock synchronization algorithm (2013)

Clock synchronization is one of the most basic building blocks for many applications in a Distributed system. Synchronized clocks are interestingly important because they can be used to improve performance of a distributed system. The purpose of clock synchronization is to provide the constituent parts of a distributed system with a common notion of time. There are several algorithms for maintaining clock synchrony in a distributed multiprocessor system where each processor has its own clock. In this paper we consider the problem of clock synchronization with bounded clock drift. We propose a clock synchronization algorithm which does a two level synchronization to synchronize the local clocks of the nodes and also it exhibits fault tolerant behavior. Our algorithm is a combination of external clock synchronization and internal clock synchronization.
Binary phase plates cannot improve laser beam quality (1993)

Binary phase plates are often suggested as a means for improving the far-field brightness of beams coming from antiphased laser arrays or waveguide lasers operating in higher-order modes. Somewhat surprisingly, however, binary phase plates actually cannot improve at all the second-moment-based beam quality factor M2 as usually defined for such beams. Even from a power-in-the-bucket viewpoint, their usefulness is debatable.
A Red Light Activatable Multifunctional Prodrug for Image‐Guided Photodynamic Therapy and Cascaded Chemotherapy (2016)

A multifunctional prodrug, designated as TPP‐L‐GEM, is fabricated to realize image‐guided in situ tumor photodynamic therapy (PDT) with red light activatable chemotherapy. Gemcitabine is conjugated with a fluorescent photosensitizer, meso‐tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP), by a reactive oxygen species cleavable thioketal linker. Under the irradiation of low‐energy red light, TPP can generate singlet oxygen and damage tumor cells by photodynamic therapy. Simultaneously, the thioketal linkage can be cleaved by singlet oxygen and result in a cascaded gemcitabine release, causing sustained cell damage by chemotherapy. With the combination of PDT and cascaded chemotherapy, TPP‐L‐GEM shows significant tumor therapeutic efficacy in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the inherent fluorescent property of TPP endows the TPP‐L‐GEM prodrug with noninvasive drug tracking capability, which is favorable for image‐guided tumor therapy.
Volumetric‐modulated arc therapy planning using multicriteria optimization for localized prostate cancer (2015)

The purpose of this work is to evaluate the volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) multicriteria optimization (MCO) algorithm clinically available in the RayStation treatment planning system (TPS) and its ability to reduce treatment planning time while providing high dosimetric plan quality. Nine patients with localized prostate cancer who were previously treated with 78 Gy in 39 fractions using VMAT plans and rayArc system based on the direct machine parameter optimization (DMPO) algorithm were selected and replanned using the VMAT-MCO system. First, the dosimetric quality of the plans was evaluated using multiple conformity metrics that account for target coverage and sparing of healthy tissue, used in our departmental clinical protocols. The conformity and homogeneity index, number of monitor units, and treatment planning time for both modalities were assessed. Next, the effects of the technical plan parameters, such as constraint leaf motion CLM (cm/°) and maximum arc delivery time T (s), on the accuracy of delivered dose were evaluated using quality assurance passing rates (QAs) measured using the Delta4 phantom from ScandiDos. For the dosimetric plan's quality analysis, the results show that the VMAT-MCO system provides plans comparable to the rayArc system with no statistical difference for V95% (p < 0.01), D1% (p < 0.01), CI (p < 0.01), and HI (p < 0.01) of the PTV, bladder (p < 0.01), and rectum (p < 0.01) constraints, except for the femoral heads and healthy tissues, for which a dose reduction was observed using MCO compared with rayArc (p < 0.01). The technical parameter study showed that a combination of CLM equal to 0.5 cm/degree and a maximum delivery time of 72 s allowed the accurate delivery of the VMAT-MCO plan on the Elekta Versa HD linear accelerator. Planning evaluation and dosimetric measurements showed that VMAT-MCO can be used clinically with the advantage of enhanced planning process efficiency by reducing the treatment planning time without impairing dosimetric quality.