gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dexamethasone stimulates the expression of GLUT1 and GLUT4 proteins via different signalling pathways in L6 skeletal muscle cells (1998)

It was recently demonstrated that dexamethasone treatment of L6 skeletal muscle cells resulted in an elevation of GLUT1 protein. However, the level of GLUT4 protein under these conditions was not examined. In addition, the signalling mechanism(s) leading to dexamethasone-induced expression of GLUT1 protein was not investigated. In the present study we investigated the effect of dexamethasone on the expression of GLUT1 and GLUT4 proteins in differentiated L6 muscle cells and the signalling mechanism(s) via which dexamethasone may act. Dexamethasone (300 nM) treatment for 24 h elevated GLUT1 and GLUT4 proteins by 68% and 94%, respectively, above control levels. These increases were due to de novo synthesis as shown by metabolic labelling with [35S]methionine. Incubation of cells with 100 nM wortmannin or 30 ng/ml rapamycin prevented the dexamethasone-stimulated elevation of GLUT1 protein. In contrast, neither of these inhibitors affected the elevation of GLUT4 protein by dexamethasone. Furthermore, dexamethasone down-regulated insulin receptor substrate-1 protein content by 42% and insulin-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 by 28%. The p70 ribosomal S6 kinase was not activated by dexamethasone and instead, dexamethasone attenuated the stimulation of this enzyme activity by insulin. These results suggest that dexamethasone induces the expression of GLUT1 and GLUT4 protein by independent signalling mechanisms with a concomitant depression of intracellular signalling by insulin.
Growth dynamics of isotactic polypropylene single crystals during isothermal crystallization from a miscible polymeric solvent (2004)

The present article presents a spatiotemporal growth of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) single crystals, melt crystallized from a polymeric solvent, i.e., poly (ethylene octene) copolymer that is known to be miscible with iPP. Optical and atomic force microscopic investigations reveal that the melt grown single crystals of iPP develop in the form of two parallel rows of crystal lamellae, but these crystals merge at the tips. To elucidate the mechanism of these emerging parallel rows of iPP crystals, a phase field model pertaining to solidification phenomena has been employed that involves a nonconserved crystal order parameter and a chain-tilting angle. This phase field model is based on the free energy of crystallization, having an asymmetric double well, and a tensorial surface free energy of the crystal interface coupled with a curvature elastic free energy that is possessed by the solid-liquid interface. The spatiotemporal simulation of iPP single crystal growth has been carried out on a square lattice based on the finite difference method for spatial steps and an explicit method for temporal steps with a periodic boundary condition. The appearance of the seemingly twin crystal is captured in the simulation, which may be attributed to the sector demarcation that is taking place in the anisotropically growing single crystal of iPP.
Effect of gel spinning accompanied with cross‐linking using boric acid on the structure and properties of high‐molecular‐weight poly(vinyl alcohol) fiber (2009)

Abstract To enhance the thermal stability of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) fiber, the fiber was prepared from the gel spinning of high molecular weight (HMW) PVA by using dimethyl sulfoxide/water (8/2, v/v) as a solvent, accompanied with the cross‐link by boric acid (B‐PVA). In addition, the structure and properties of the B‐PVA fiber were compared with those of the HMW PVA fiber obtained by using the same spinning system without cross‐linking (NB‐PVA). Through a series of experiments, it turned out that cross‐linking actualized by an optimum amount of boric acid (0.3 wt % based on PVA) and zone drawing caused significant changes in the properties of HMW PVA gel fiber. That is, cross‐linking increased thermal degradation temperatures at each degradation step and amounts of final residues, resulting in improving thermal properties of the PVA fiber. On the contrary, it was found that in the case of the B‐PVA fiber, some broadening of the original PVA unit cell occurred, which was identified by the peak shift to lower angle in X‐ray diffractogram. The tensile strength and Young's modulus of B‐PVA fiber with draw ratio of 15 are 23.1 and 308.3 g/d, respectively. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Meningoencephalitis and Demyelination Are Pathologic Manifestations of Primary Polyomavirus Infection in Immunosuppressed Rhesus Monkeys (2004)

The human polyomavirus JC (JCV) is the etiologic agent of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a demyelinating disease of the CNS that occurs in immunosuppressed individuals. Because polyomavirus-induced CNS pathology usually occurs as a result of the reactivation of latent virus, little is known about the disease manifestations of a primary polyomavirus-induced disease in man. To model such a primary infection, SV40-negative rhesus monkeys were immunosuppressed by infection with the virus SHIV-89.6P and then superinfected with the polyomavirus SV40. The animals developed CNS pathology characterized by both demyelination and meningoencephalitis. This observation suggests that a primary polyomavirus infection can be associated with an inflammatory CNS process. These data shed new light on the pathogenic mechanisms of primate polyomaviruses in the immunocompromised host.
Multiplexed Analytical Glycomics: Rapid and Confident IgG <i>N</i>-Glycan Structural Elucidation (2011)

N-glycans attached to the C(H)2 domains of the Fc or the antigen binding regions of IgG play an important role in stabilizing and modulating antibody activity. Exhaustive elucidation of 32 IgG N-glycans using a combination of weak anion exchange enrichment and exoglycosidase array digestion with subsequent profiling exceeded 48 h. Pursuing increased throughput and associated structural annotation confidence, we compared the 1.7 μm hydrophilic interaction phase for UPLC with CE-LIF for the rapid and comprehensive characterization of N-glycans released from healthy human serum polyclonal IgG. Combination of the data individually generated using each technique demonstrated that complete structural annotation was possible within a total analysis time of 20 min due to the advantageous orthogonality of the separation mechanisms. The parallel use of both analytical techniques provides a powerful platform for rapid and comprehensive analysis of IgG N-glycosylation present on therapeutic antibodies or on antibodies of biomedical or pathological significance.
ELECTRONIC NOSE FOR THE CONTINUOUS MEASUREMENT OF ODOUR CONCENTRATION AT EMISSIONS: INSTRUMENT DEVELOPMENT, TRAINING AND APPLICATION Extended abstract (2013)

The presence of odour in ambient air is nowadays recognized as an environmental stressor that negatively affects the quality of life (Blanes-Vidal et al., 2012). In order to evaluate odour exposure at receptors, several methods can be applied. Different regulations provide to use dispersion modelling to simulate how odour disperses into the atmosphere, and consequently to calculate hourly ground odour concentration values in the simulation spacetime domain (Cusano et al., 2010). Given that a detailed characterization of emissions over time would require frequently repeated olfactometric tests, thus resulting in a very expensive (in terms of money and time) approach, emission data employed as model inputs are usually represented by averaged odour emission rate values. This approach may provide a good description of the average odour impact, but doesn’t take account of fluctuations that are typical of some emission typologies (Isaac-Ho Tin Noe et al., 2010). This study discusses the possibility of installing an electronic nose directly at an emission, in order to measure odour concentration continuously and therefore to obtain data that could be possibly used as real-time inputs for dispersion models as well as hourly data to use instead of averaged values. Such an application requires the development of a specific instrument, as well as a specific training. An EOS 507 electronic nose, developed in collaboration with Sacmi s.c. and Progress S.r.l., was used to evaluate the possibility to monitor the odour concentration at the emission of a plant for hospital waste treatment. Laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate the electronic nose capability of quantifying odour concentration: samples containing pure compounds and mixtures were tested at different concentrations, as well as real samples collected directly from the odour source.
Lack of impact of a water and sanitation intervention on the nutritional status of children in rural Bangladesh. (1989)

The nutritional impact of a water and sanitation intervention in a rural community of Bangladesh, comprising the provision of handpumps, construction of latrines and hygiene education was assessed. During 3 years, the quarterly anthropometric measures of about 200 children aged 12-35 months from the intervention community were compared with those of a similar number of children from a control area. The interventions reduced the incidence of diarrhoea by 25 per cent among the children less than 5 years of age. There was no significant difference in nutritional status, however, between the two groups of children. Moreover, within the intervention area, indicators of water and latrine use were not significantly related to the children's nutritional status. This suggests that either the obtained reduction of diarrhoea was not large enough to have an impact on nutritional status or that diarrhoea is not an important cause of malnutrition in this community.
Infrared photodetector based on intersubband transitions to minigap-confined states in doped quantum wells (2001)

We have demonstrated an infrared photodetector based on intersubband transitions in doped (In, Ga)As quantum wells in which the excited state is confined by the minigap between two minibands in a surrounding superlattice. Sharp peaks were observed at 78 K in the infrared photocurrent spectra in the 2.7–3.6 μm wavelength region corresponding to transitions in which the excited state energy is substantially above the (In, Al)As conduction-band edge. Broader, longer-wavelength photocurrent features corresponding to transitions into the lower-lying miniband states were also observed. The spectral features in the photocurrent spectra are well described by calculations of the optical absorption cross section.
Doporučení odborníků pro prevenci a terapii CMV infekce uhematologických pacientů. Doporučení odborníků s podporou CELL (2013)

Nasledujici doporuceni se plně se shoduji s doporucenimi panelu
odborniků ECIL (European Conference on Infections in Leukemia),
jehož zasedani se někteři clenove autorskeho týmu pravidelně
ucastni. Pro plne zněni doporuceni ECIL vcetně zhodnoceni miry
evidence a sily jednotlivých doporuceni odkazujeme na původni
praci ECIL.
Regional Astrocyte Allocation Regulates CNS Synaptogenesis and Repair (2012)

Astrocytes, the most abundant cell population in the central nervous system (CNS), are essential for normal neurological function. We show that astrocytes are allocated to spatial domains in mouse spinal cord and brain in accordance with their embryonic sites of origin in the ventricular zone. These domains remain stable throughout life without evidence of secondary tangential migration, even after acute CNS injury. Domain-specific depletion of astrocytes in ventral spinal cord resulted in abnormal motor neuron synaptogenesis, which was not rescued by immigration of astrocytes from adjoining regions. Our findings demonstrate that region-restricted astrocyte allocation is a general CNS phenomenon and reveal intrinsic limitations of the astroglial response to injury.
Organic reactions of oxide-free carbon surfaces, an electroactive derivative (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrganic reactions of oxide-free carbon surfaces, an electroactive derivativeStephen Mazur, Tomislav Matusinovic, and Karl CammannCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 11, 3888–3890Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00453a084https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00453a084research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views93Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Governs Epithelial Cell Invasion during Oropharyngeal Candidiasis (2017)

Oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC), caused predominantly by <i>Candida albicans</i>, is a prevalent infection in patients with advanced AIDS, defects in Th17 immunity, and head and neck cancer. A characteristic feature of OPC is fungal invasion of the oral epithelial cells. One mechanism by which <i>C. albicans</i> hyphae can invade oral epithelial cells is by expressing the Als3 and Ssa1 invasins that interact with the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) on epithelial cells and stimulate endocytosis of the organism. However, the signaling pathways that function downstream of EGFR and mediate <i>C. albicans</i> endocytosis are poorly defined. Here, we report that <i>C. albicans</i> infection activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), leading to activation of Src family kinases (SFKs), which in turn phosphorylate EGFR and induce endocytosis of the fungus. Furthermore, treatment of oral epithelial cells with interferon gamma inhibits fungal endocytosis by inducing the synthesis of kynurenines, which cause prolonged activation of AhR and SFKs, thereby interfering with <i>C. albicans</i>-induced EGFR signaling. Treatment of both immunosuppressed and immunocompetent mice with an AhR inhibitor decreases phosphorylation of SFKs and EGFR in the oral mucosa, reduces fungal invasion, and lessens the severity of OPC. Thus, our data indicate that AhR plays a central role in governing the pathogenic interactions of <i>C. albicans</i> with oral epithelial cells during OPC and suggest that this receptor is a potential therapeutic target.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> OPC is caused predominantly by the fungus <i>C. albicans</i>, which can invade the oral epithelium by several mechanisms. One of these mechanisms is induced endocytosis, which is stimulated when fungal invasins bind to epithelial cell receptors such as EGFR. Receptor binding causes rearrangement of epithelial cell microfilaments, leading to the formation of pseudopods that engulf the fungus and pull it into the epithelial cell. We discovered AhR acts via SFKs to phosphorylate EGFR and induce the endocytosis of <i>C. albicans</i> Our finding that a small molecule inhibitor of AhR ameliorates OPC in mice suggests that a strategy of targeting host cell signaling pathways that govern epithelial cell endocytosis of <i>C. albicans</i> holds promise as a new approach to preventing or treating OPC.
Findings of the 2015 Workshop on Statistical Machine Translation (2015)

Ondřej Bojar, Rajen Chatterjee, Christian Federmann, Barry Haddow, Matthias Huck, Chris Hokamp, Philipp Koehn, Varvara Logacheva, Christof Monz, Matteo Negri, Matt Post, Carolina Scarton, Lucia Specia, Marco Turchi. Proceedings of the Tenth Workshop on Statistical Machine Translation. 2015.
Improved Turbulent Boundary-Layer Model for Shock Tubes (2003)

A viscous boundary-layer model was assembled to help describe the nonideal gas dynamics within shock tubes operating at high densities. The analytical model is based primarily on the landmark work of Mirels, who used the Blasius relation for the turbulent skin friction. The main improvement was the incorporation of a modern friction model for compressible, turbulent boundary layers via changes to the constants and exponents of Mirels's original boundary-layer relations. For example, the wall shear stress now depends on a Reynolds number to the -0.14 power as compared to -0.25 in the original model. As a result, the boundary layer at higher densities is thicker in the present model than in the original one, thus increasing the incident-shock attenuation and related nonuniformities. Even in borderline cases, the boundary-layer transitions to turbulent very quickly, usually within 100 mus for incident-shock pressures greater than about 2 atm. Because a turbulent boundary layer is thicker than a laminar one at the same conditions, the boundary-layer thickness in higher-pressure shock tubes is expected to be a larger fraction of the tube diameter than normally seen in lower-pressure shock tubes. The turbulent boundary layer and elevated pressure also increase the heat transfer to the shock-tube walls.
<scp>ADAM</scp>10 correlates with uveal melanoma metastasis and promotes in vitro invasion (2014)

Uveal melanoma (UM) is a rare ocular tumor that may lead to deadly metastases in 50% of patients. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM)10, ADAM17, and the HGF-receptor c-Met support invasiveness in different tumors. Here, we report that high ADAM10, MET, and, to a lesser extent, ADAM17 gene expression correlates with poor progression-free survival in UM patients (hazard ratio 2.7, 2.6, and 1.9, respectively). About 60% of primary UM expresses c-Met and/or ADAM10 proteins. Four UM cell lines display high levels of ADAM10 and ADAM17, which constitutively cleave c-Met, inducing the release of soluble c-Met. ADAM10/17 pharmacological inhibition or gene silencing reduces c-Met shedding, but has limited impact on surface c-Met, which is overexpressed. Importantly, ADAM10 silencing inhibits UM cell invasion driven by FCS or HGF, while ADAM17 silencing has a limited effect. Altogether our data indicate that ADAM10 has a pro-invasive role and may contribute to UM progression.
Low solids flux technology for solder assembly of circuit packs (2003)

The feasibility of using low solids fluxes for circuit pack assembly is investigated. The potential benefits are enormous since the use of these fluxes eliminates the need for post-solder cleaning. The results of the tests have demonstrated a dependence of the surface insulation resistance on the quantity of applied low solids flux. Because of this correlation, a technique was required to apply a minimal amount of flux. Since no commercially available fluxers were suitable, a means of fluxing to address this need was studied and was implemented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Highly Diastereoselective Asymmetric Mannich Reactions of 1,3‐Dicarbonyls with Acyl Imines. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Viral Noncoding RNA Complements a Weakened Viral RNA Silencing Suppressor and Promotes Efficient Systemic Host Infection (2016)

Systemic movement of beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) in Beta macrocarpa depends on viral RNA3, whereas in Nicotiana benthamiana this RNA is dispensable. RNA3 contains a coremin motif of 20 nucleotides essential for the stabilization of noncoding RNA3 (ncRNA3) and for long-distance movement in Beta species. Coremin mutants that are unable to accumulate ncRNA3 also do not achieve systemic movement in Beta species. A mutant virus carrying a mutation in the p14 viral suppressor of RNA silencing (VSR), unable to move long distances, can be complemented with the ncRNA3 in the lesion phenotype, viral RNA accumulation, and systemic spread. Analyses of the BNYVV VSR mechanism of action led to the identification of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 6 (RDR6) pathway as a target of the virus VSR and the assignment of a VSR function to the ncRNA3.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Amide‐Linked A‐Norpaclitaxels. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
USE OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES IN ENZYME LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY (ELISA) FOR DETECTION OF BOTULINUM TYPE B TOXINS (1984)

Use of polyclonal antibodies failed to correlate mouse assay with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in titration of culture fluid of different strains of Clostridium botulinum type B. If ELISA is performed with such a monoclonal antibody that is capable of neutralizing the toxin, however, the lethal toxicity can be determined quantitatively.
Experimental Factors Influencing Hepatic Metastases. XII. Effect of Increased Arterial Blood Flow. (1963)

Previous studies demonstrated that a reduction in arterial blood supply to the liver resulted in an augmentation of experimentally induced hepatic metastases. It was concluded that the alteration of the “soil,” i.e., liver damage, subsequent to alteration of hepatic blood and oxygen supply was responsible. From the reported experiments it was demonstrated that following an increase in arterial blood supply to the liver via arterialization of that organ a similar increase in “take”and growth of tumor occurs which likewise may be related to hepatic trauma. From these observations it would seem unlikely that the susceptibility of the liver to metastases, when compared with other organs, might be due, as has been proposed, to its relatively poor oxygen supply.
Gottlob Frege (2017)

1879–1918 Mathematik-Professor in Jena; neue Grundlegung der Logik und Versuch, Arithmetik auf Logik zu reduzieren; der Aufb au des logisch-semantischen Fundaments des gescheiterten Reduktionsversuchs und die Sprachphilosophie in »Über Sinn und Bedeutung« (1892) und Logische Untersuchungen wurden zu einem Paradigma für die mathematische Logik und die analytische Philosophie.
Geometry-Aware Similarity Learning on SPD Manifolds for Visual Recognition (2017)

Symmetric positive definite (SPD) matrices have been employed for data representation in many visual recognition tasks. The success is mainly attributed to learning discriminative SPD matrices encoding the Riemannian geometry of the underlying SPD manifolds. In this paper, we propose a geometry-aware SPD similarity learning (SPDSL) framework to learn discriminative SPD features by directly pursuing a manifold-manifold transformation matrix of full column rank. Specifically, by exploiting the Riemannian geometry of the manifolds of fixed-rank positive semidefinite (PSD) matrices, we present a new solution to reduce optimization over the space of column full-rank transformation matrices to optimization on the PSD manifold, which has a well-established Riemannian structure. Under this solution, we exploit a new supervised SPDSL technique to learn the manifold-manifold transformation by regressing the similarities of selected SPD data pairs to their ground-truth similarities on the target SPD manifold. To optimize the proposed objective function, we further derive an optimization algorithm on the PSD manifold. Evaluations on three visual classification tasks show the advantages of the proposed approach over the existing SPD-based discriminant learning methods.