gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Draw resonance involving rheological transitions (1978)

Abstract The periodic diameter variations in melt spinning known as draw resonance have been extensively studied, both theoretically and experimentally. The theory has evolved from analyses for isothermal, Newtonian spinning in which the critical draw ratio was found to be 20.21. Compared with this, recent theories have shown that elasticity and cooling are stabilizing (with certain qualifications on the range of variables) and that non‐linear rheological response is destabilizing. The present work presents systematic data on two polymers, one that is always amorphous (polystyrene) and one that solidifies into a semi‐crystalline state (polypropylene). Isothermal and non‐isothermal data are available for the former; non‐isothermal data, for the latter. The melt temperature, the cooling environment, the die length, the spinning length, the mass flow rate and the draw ratio were varied. Certain observations cannot be explained within the existing theoretical framework, specifically the destabilizing effect of certain cooling histories in the case of polystyrene and the destabilizing effect of short dies, presumably a die swell effect, in the case of polypropylene. Very highly oriented polystyrene can be produced under certain conditions when the fiber temperature is held above T g .
Complexation of polymer-bound imino diacetate-type chelating agents with some transition-metal ions. Effect of charged polymer chains on chelate formation reactions (1988)

Acid dissociation constants (Ka) of the polymer-bound imino diacetate analogue, 4-vinylbenzylamine-N, N′-diacetate co-styrenesulphonte (P-SS) and 4-vinylbenzylamine-N, N′-diacetate co-N-vinylpyrrolidone (P-VPRo), and the formation constants of (P-SS)–M2+(M = Co, Ni, Cu) chelates have been determined by means of potentiometric titration and spectrophotometry, respectively. The values of Ka1 and Ka2 of P-SS and P-VPRo are smaller than those of the corresponding low molecular weight model compound, benzylamine-N, N′-diacetate (BDA), and the formation constants of the (P-SS)–M2+ chelates are larger than those of the corresponding BDA–M2+ chelates by a factor of 10–102, depending on the metal ions. The results obtained in the polymer system are largely explained in terms of a powerful microheterogeneous field effect of the anionic polyelectrolyte chain.
Energy management system for a renewable based microgrid with a demand side management mechanism (2011)

A novel energy management system for a renewable based microgrid is proposed. It provides on-line set points for each generation unit, operation modes for a water supply system, and signals for consumers based on a demand side management mechanism. The smart microgrid is composed of photovoltaic panels, a wind turbine, a diesel generator, a battery bank, and a water supply system. The energy management system (EMS) minimizes the operational costs while supplying the water and electric load demands. It considers a two days ahead prediction of the weather conditions. Also, a neural network for a two days ahead electric consumption forecasting is designed. The system is implemented and tested using a real data set from a reference location. Results show the economic sense of the set points and management, for a practical implementation of the system in a specific location in Chile.
Identification of Bacterial Pathogens of Poultry by Practicing Veterinarians (1953)

Since diagnosis is paramount to the solution of a poultry disease problem, the experienced practitioner realizes that he cannot rely entirely on a good case history, symptoms and lesions found at necropsy to establish a positive diagnosis in many instances. The alert veterinarian soon learns that various diseases may manifest themselves in a similar manner. In such cases a differential diagnosis is essential if subsequent treatment, control measures and eradications are to be effective.
The Hepatopulmonary Syndrome (1995)

In the context of persisting uncertainty about the cause and treatment of the hepatopulmonary syndrome, future studies must focus on better understanding the pathophysiology of the hepatopulmonary syndrome, predicting reversibility after liver transplantation, and identifying other treatment options.
A Low Complexity DDS IC for FM-UWB Applications (2007)

This paper presents a low-complexity DDS IC for subcarrier processing in an FM-UWB transceiver. The IC implements data pre-filtering and FSK generation for the transmitter and quadrature LO signals generation for the receiver. The use of DDS techniques yields accurate signals whose parameters can be easily adjusted to accommodate a wide range of sub-carrier frequencies and bit rates. An interpolating DAC is used to directly generate the lowpass filtered analog output signals. The design will be fabricated in a standard 130 nm CMOS technology.
Transform coding of audio signals using correlation between successive transform blocks (2003)

The authors propose a transform coding algorithm for bit rate reduction of high-quality sound. The algorithm provides for long-term stationarity in the transform coder while keeping fixed blocklength. Side information is drastically reduced, and predictive coding of DFT (discrete Fourier transform) coefficients is used to remove the interblock redundancy. Perceptual properties are incorporated in the bit-allocation procedure to achieve spectral noise shaping. The complete algorithm is described, and results of coding at 96 kb/s for a monophonic 15-kHz audio signal are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Advanced street lighting maintenance using GPS, light intensity measuring and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (2014)

System for light intensity measuring and GPS positioning of street lighting in Novi Sad and its neighboring villages is presented in this paper. Information obtained by measurements will help improve the quality of street lighting and make the maintenance work more efficient. An overview of intelligent lighting system with proposals to improve the quality of street lighting for a relatively low investment is presented. Elements of cost-effectiveness analysis are presented.
Artichoke leaf extract reduces oxidative stress and lipoprotein dyshomeostasis in rats fed on high cholesterol diet (2009)

Hypercholesterolemia and lipid peroxidation play complementary role in atherosclerosis. Artichoke leaf extract (ALE) is rich in natural antioxidants and has a cholesterol-reducing effect. However, there is no study investigating the effect of ALE on lipid levels and lipid peroxidation in experimental hypercholesterolemic conditions. Rats were fed on 4% (w/w) cholesterol and 1% (w/w) cholic acid supplemented diet for 1 month. ALE (1.5 g/kg/day) was given by gavage during the last 2 weeks. Serum lipid composition, malondialdehyde (MDA) and diene conjugate (DC) levels and plasma antioxidant activity (AOA) were measured. In addition, endogenous DC and copper-induced MDA levels were determined in apo B-containing lipoproteins (LDL+VLDL fraction). Serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels and the ratio of cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol decreased due to ALE treatment in rats fed on HC diet. Significant decreases in serum MDA and DC levels and increases in plasma AOA were detected in serum in ALE-treated hypercholesterolemic rats. Endogenous DC and copper-induced MDA levels were also lower in LDL+VLDL fraction due to ALE-treatment in hypercholesterolemic rats. Our results indicate that ALE may be useful for the prevention of hypercholesterolemia-induced pro-oxidant state in LDL+VLDL fraction and the reduction of increased serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels.
Deep-level transient spectroscopy: A new method to characterize traps in semiconductors (1974)

A new technique, deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS), is introduced. This is a high-frequency capacitance transient thermal scanning method useful for observing a wide variety of traps in semiconductors. The technique is capable of displaying the spectrum of traps in a crystal as positive and negative peaks on a flat baseline as a function of temperature. It is sensitive, rapid, and easy to analyze. The sign of the peak indicates whether the trap is near the conduction or valence band, the height of the peak is proportional to the trap concentration, and the position, in temperature, of the peak is uniquely determined by the thermal emission properties of the trap. In addition, one can measure the activation energy, concentration profile, and electron- and hole-capture cross sections for each trap. The technique is presented with a simple theoretical analysis for the case of exponential capacitance transients. Various traps in GaAs are used as examples to illustrate certain features of the DLTS technique. Finally, a critical comparison is made with other recent capacitance techniques.
COMPARISON OF RAPID TECHNIQUES FOR THE DETECTION OF <i>ESCHERICHIA COLI</i> O157:H7 (1994)

ABSTRACT Four different commercial kits (EHEC‐TEK of Organon Teknika, Durham, NC; HEC O157 of 3M, St. Paul, MN; and Coline dipstick and Coline one‐step of AMP‐COR Inc., Camden, NJ) were evaluated for the detection and recovery of E. coli O157:H7from 75 fresh meat samples and 23 artificially inoculated beef and pork samples. Of the total 75 samples tested, 21 (28%) were presumptive positive by HEC O157 and Coline dipstick, 18 (24%) by Coline one‐step, and 12 (16%) by EHEC‐TEK. None of the presumptive positive samples by any of the methods was confirmed as E. coli O157:H7 (false positive). Of the 23 positive spiked samples tested, 23 were recovered by Coline dipstick and one‐step (100%), 22 (95.6%) by HEC O157, and 20 (86.9) were recovered by EHEC‐TEK. In the confirmation step 17 of the 23 spiked samples produced characteristic colonies on MacConkey sorbitol agar (Difco) with 5‐bromo‐4‐chloro‐3‐indoxy‐β‐D‐glucuronide (Biosynth International) (MSA‐BCIG) and were confirmed as E. coli O157:H7. No characteristic colonies on MSA‐BCIG were detected for 6 of the spiked samples with initial inoculum levels of between 2 to 70 cells/g and, therefore, were not confirmed as E. coli O157:H7. A better enrichment medium, as well as improved selective plating and confirmation techniques, are needed to enhance the selective growth of E. coli O157:H7 and provide lower detection levels.
Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine plus ritonavir-boosted lopinavir or cobicistat-boosted elvitegravir as a single-tablet regimen for HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (2017)

A higher PEP non-completion, poor adherence and adverse events were observed in patients allocated to the lopinavir/ritonavir arm, suggesting that STR elvitegravir/cobicistat is a well-tolerated antiretroviral for PEP.
An AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructure-emitter bipolar transistor (1990)

An AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructure-emitter bipolar transistor using separate carrier injection and confinement is discussed. A common-emitter current gain of 28 with BV/sub CEO/=15 V was obtained at a base doping level of 1*10/sup 19//cm/sup 3/. No spacer layer was inserted in the structure. This transistor combines the merits of homojunction transistors and regular heterostructure bipolar transistors (HBTs) and is simple to fabricate.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Jacobian, Manipulability, Condition Number, and Accuracy of Parallel Robots (2005)

Although the concepts of Jacobian matrix, manipulability, and condition number have existed since the very early beginning of robotics their real significance is not always well understood. In this paper we revisit these concepts for parallel robots as accuracy indices in view of optimal design. We first show that the usual Jacobian matrix derived from the input-output velocities equations may not be sufficient to analyze the positioning errors of the platform. We then examine the concept of manipulability and show that its classical interpretation is erroneous. We then consider various common local dexterity indices, most of which are based on the condition number of the Jacobian matrix. It is emphasized that even for a given robot in a particular pose there are a variety of condition numbers and that their values are not coherent between themselves but also with what we may expect from an accuracy index. Global conditioning indices are then examined. Apart from the problem of being based on the local accuracy indices that are questionable, there is a computational problem in their calculation that is neglected most of the time. Finally, we examine what other indices may be used for optimal design and show that their calculation is most challenging.
MUCILAGE FROM YELLOW MUSTARD (1980)

Yellow mustard contains about 2% mucilage, the level being subject to environmental influence. Mucilage is present early in seed development. Sufficient variation among genotypes is present to indicate that some increase in mucilage content could be made by breeding.
Review on the effects of exposure to spilled oils on human health (2010)

Harmful effects of oil spills on diverse flora and fauna species have been extensively studied. Nevertheless, only a few studies have been compiled in the literature dealing with the repercussions of oil exposure on human health; most of them have focused on acute effects and psychological symptoms. The objective of this work was to gather all these studies and to analyze the possible consequences of this kind of complex exposure in the different aspects of human health. Studies found on this topic were related to the disasters of the Exxon Valdez, Braer, Sea Empress, Nakhodka, Erika, Prestige and Tasman Spirit oil tankers. The majority of them were cross-sectional; many did not include control groups. Acute effects were evaluated taking into account vegetative-nervous symptoms, skin and mucous irritations, and also psychological effects. Genotoxic damage and endocrine alterations were assessed only in individuals exposed to oil from Prestige. The results of the reviewed articles clearly support the need for biomonitoring human populations exposed to spilled oils, especially those individuals involved in the cleanup, in order to evaluate not only the possible immediate consequences for their health but also the medium- and long-term effects, and the effectiveness of the protective devices used.
Wortmannin Inhibits Spreading and Chemotaxis of Rat Osteoclasts In Vitro (1998)

Wortmannin (WT) and 17beta-hydroxywortmannin (HWT), which are inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol-3(OH)-kinase (PI3K), have been shown previously to inhibit bone resorption in vitro and in vivo, possibly by interfering with formation of the osteoclast ruffled border. Since migration of osteoclasts also plays an important role in the process of bone resorption, we investigated the effects of these inhibitors on osteoclast morphology and motility. Both HWT and WT caused a sustained decrease in the planar area of osteoclasts in vitro (half maximal effect at 25 and 165 nM, respectively), with the effect of HWT on cell area more readily reversible than WT. These agents also caused accumulation of intracellular vesicles. Time-lapse video microscopy was used to record the migration of osteoclasts in response to macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) or vehicle, flowing passively from a micropipette positioned 200-400 microm from the cell. M-CSF caused directed migration of osteoclasts, indicating chemotaxis (over 3 h osteoclasts migrated 96 +/- 14 microm in response to M-CSF vs. 11 +/- 2 microm in control experiments). Both WT (100 or 500 nM) and LY294002 (100 microM), a specific PI3K inhibitor structurally unrelated to WT, significantly inhibited osteoclast chemotaxis in response to M-CSF. Taken together, these effects of WT, HWT, and LY294002 are consistent with an important role for PI3K in regulating cytoskeletal function in osteoclasts. The inhibitory effects of WT and HWT on bone resorption may be due, in part, to impairment of osteoclast motility.
Recent advances in the development of mutant-selective EGFR inhibitors for non-small cell lung cancer patients with EGFR-TKI resistance. (2014)

Over the last decade, first-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) (erlotinib and gefitinib) for the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), especially adenocarcinoma, have demonstrated remarkable advances and leaded to improvement in patients’ survival time, either progression-free survival or overall survival. EGFR-TKI therapies also provided a superior quality of life in specific patient populations (1).
One-way communication and error-correcting codes (2003)

We establish a further connection between one-way communication where a sender conveys information to a receiver who has related information, and error-correction coding where a sender attempts to communicate reliably over a noisy channel. We use this connection to derive three results on the two problems. An often-tight lower bound on the number of bits required for one-way communication based on the largest code for the corresponding error-correction problem. A proof that one-way communication is suboptimal for a large class of Hamming-distance problems. And an error-correcting code whose minimum distance properties are similar to those of BCH codes.
Der Verlust der strategischen Wettbewerbsvorteile und die Konsequenzen (2003)

Dem Fleischerfachgeschäft von Martin Meister droht eine Krise und der Verlust des strategischen Wettbewerbsvorteils. Doch bevor sich das Teufelchen ins Fäustchen lachen kann, erfahrt der Gewürz-Meister von Möglichkeiten, der Krise zu begegnen. Sie lesen, inwiefern die Instrumentarien der internen und externen Unternehmensanalyse dazu führen, strategische Wettbewerbsvorteile zu schaffen, zu erhalten und den Gegebenheiten des Marktes anzupassen. Dabei ist es vor allem die CCP-Analyse, die Customer Competition Performance, die Martin Meister eine zielgerichtete Unternehmensanalyse erlaubt.
Geothermal -- The Energy Under Our Feet: Geothermal Resource Estimates for the United States (2006)

On May 16, 2006, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) in Golden, Colorado hosted a geothermal resources workshop with experts from the geothermal community. The purpose of the workshop was to re-examine domestic geothermal resource estimates. The participating experts were organized into five working groups based on their primary area of expertise in the following types of geothermal resource or application: (1) Hydrothermal, (2) Deep Geothermal Systems, (3) Direct Use, (4) Geothermal Heat Pumps (GHPs), and (5) Co-Produced and Geopressured. The workshop found that the domestic geothermal resource is very large, with significant benefits.
Risk management in Indian venture capital and private equity firms: A comparative study (2005)

Venture capitalists and private equity funds are often considered experts at investing in high-risk projects and firms. To be successful investors, venture capitalists and private equity funds must therefore manage the many aspects of risk associated with investing in unlisted small and medium-sized enterprises. This study examines how Indian venture capital and private equity firms manage several dimensions of risk. We analyze risk management preferences in Indian venture capital and private equity firms. A comparison between Indian and U.K. funds is presented. The results are discussed in detail. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Alkylation of Nitroparaffins with Amines and Their Derivatives (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAlkylation of Nitroparaffins with Amines and Their DerivativesH. R. Snyder and William E. HamlinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 11, 5082–5085Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01167a073https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01167a073research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views124Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death After a First Myocardial Infarction by Pharmacologic or Surgical Antiadrenergic Interventions (1992)

Antiadrenergic Interventions and Prevention of Sudden Death after MI. Introduction: Growing evidence points to sympathetic hyperactivity as one critical trigger for life‐threatening arrhythmias among postmyocardial infarction patients. Methods and Results: We have evaluated, in a placebo‐controlled multicenter study, the efficacy of a β‐adrenergic blocking agent (oxprenolol 160 mg) and of a selective left cardiac sympathetic denervation in preventing sudden death in patients with a first and anterior myocardial infarction. Two patient groups were studied. The high‐risk group included 144 patients who survived a myocardial infarction complicated by either ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation. The relatively low‐risk group included 869 patients whose myocardial infarction did not have these complications; they were allocated only to placebo or oxprenolol. Randomization took place 30 days postmyocardial infarction; mean follow‐up was 22 months. In the high‐risk group the sudden cardiac death (crude rate) in the placebo subgroup was indeed high (21.3%), and was strikingly reduced to 2.7% and to 3.6% by oxprenolol and by left cardiac sympathetic denervation, respectively (P < 0.05). In the low‐risk group the sudden cardiac death (crude rate) in the placebo subgroup was 5.2% and was still reduced by oxprenolol to 1.6% (P < 0.05). The results for total mortality were quite similar to those for sudden death iu both groups. Conclusion: This study, unique for the populations studied and for one of the treatments used, demonstrates that pharmacologic and surgical antiadrenergic interventions significantly reduce sudden cardiac death in postmyocardial infarction patients at high and at low risk. With due consideration to the relatively small size of the high‐risk group, it seems reasonable to suggest that left cardiac sympathetic denervation may be considered as a possible alternative for high‐risk patients with contraindications to beta blockers. ( J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol 3, pp. 2–16, February 1992 )
Fundamental Issues of Catalytic Conversion of Bio‐Ethanol into Butadiene (2014)

Abstract This paper reviews issues related to butadiene production via bio‐ethanol conversion from the days of Lebedev until today. A catalogue of catalytic systems proposed till date were identified; the inevitable role of various dopants in enhancing catalytic activity, physico‐chemical analysis of certain catalytic trends and prospects for the development of the old process by the implementation of process initiators and the use of new generation catalysts with higher performance and better tolerance to coking problems, and the impact of shale gas exploitation on the supply and demand of butadiene were also discussed.