gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Now There's a Thought: Planning for Traffic Management and Operations (2005)

This article describes traffic planning and management in terms of outcomes and outputs. The author uses the outcome-centered mode of planning to describe planning efforts that seek the overall effect of a traffic plan (such as a reduction in traffic congestion). In contrast, output describes the functional technological implementations and infrastructure that facilitate these outcomes. In this example, the infrastructure the author describes is Baltimore, Maryland's Multi Modal Traveler Information System (MMTIS) that acquires traffic flow data from cellular phones. The author writes against planning projects such as Constrained Long Range Transportation Plans (LRTP or CLRP), State Transportation Improvement Program (STIP), and Transportation Improvement Program (TIP) because these programs, while receiving high levels of attention, neglect the author's main premise that management and operations (which precipitates output) conduct entirely different systemic activities than planning (which precipitates outcome). The author closes with a final discussion on the possibilities of disentangling the joining of management and planning by describing it as the residue from an earlier paradigm of organizational strategies.
Production of High‐bulk Acrylic Yarns by the Tow‐dyeing Route (1969)

Batches of high‐bulk acrylic yarns of up to 15,000 lb have been successfully produced by the tow‐dyeing route. The method of dyeing is described. The ‘atoz’ process is also described and the results obtained are discussed. Advantages of the method include: coloration is economical; the yarn is free from flattening, tangling and other disturbances; and fancy effects, such as marls, can be produced easily. Limitations include: it is not economic to produce quantities of less than 1000–1500 lb by the method; extreme care is required to avoid contamination of yarn with fibres of different colours; and considerable forward planning is necessary.
Boiling on a tube bundle: heat transfer, pressure drop and flow patterns (2008)

The complexity of the two-phase flow in a tube bundle presents important problems in the design and understanding of the physical phenomena taking place. The working conditions of an evaporator depend largely on the dynamics of the two-phase flow that in turn influence the heat exchange and the pressure drop of the system. A characterization of the flow dynamics, and possibly the identification of the flow pattern in the tube bundle, in thus expected to lead to a better understanding of the phenomena and to reveal on the mechanisms governing the tube bundle. Therefore, the present study aims at providing further insights into two-phase bundle flow through a new visualization system able to provide for the first time a view of the flow in the core of a tube bundle. In addition, the measurement of the light attenuation of a laser beam through the two-phase flow and measurement of the high frequency pressure fluctuations with a piezo-electric pressure transducer are used to characterize the flow. The design and the validation of this new instrumentation also provided a method for the detection of dry-out in tube bundles. This was achieved by a laser attenuation technique, flow visualization, and estimation of the power spectrum of the pressure fluctuation. The current investigation includes results for two different refrigerants, R134a and R236fa, three saturations temperatures Tsat = 5, 10 and 15 Â°C, mass velocities ranging from 4 to 40 kg/sm2 in adiabatic and diabatic conditions (several heat fluxes). Measurement of the local heat transfer coefficient and two-phase frictional pressure drop were obtained and utilized to improve the current prediction methods. The heat transfer and pressure drop data were supported by extensive characterization of the two-phase flow, which was to improve the understanding of the two-phase flow occurring in tube bundles.
Collection and Analysis of Foods Associated with Japanese Texture Terms (2011)

日本語テクスチャー用語445語が描写する対象となる食物を明らかにすること，また，テクスチャー語彙の構造を把握することを目的として，訓練された分析型パネルを評価者として質問紙調査，解析を行い，以下の結果を得た．（1） 日本語テクスチャー用語445語が描写する対象の具体的な食物名のデータを得ることができた．食物名は935品目が出現し，網羅的なデータが得られた．（2） 用語によって回答数および出現品目数が大きく異なっていた．これは，各用語の日常的な頻出性および汎用性を反映していると推測された．（3） 用語と食物名のデータをクロス集計し，コレスポンデンス分析を適用したところ，第1次元は破砕と流動の軸，第2次元は空気による軽さの軸と解釈できた．これは英語およびフィンランド語の結果，日本語の先行研究の結果と同様の傾向であり，言語および調査時期が異なっても共通点があることが推察された．
Preclinical Biology of Recombinant Human Hemoglobin, Rhb1.1 (1998)

Historically, the development of hemoglobin based oxygen carriers, HBOCs, were confounded by issues related to activation of the complement cascade and other inflammatory processes, renal toxicity, and significant systemic vasoconstriction. However, with shortages in the blood supply, the risk of infectious agent contamination, and delays associated with complete crossmatch as well as transfusion reactions, HBOC development has assumed greater importance. A successful HBOC in addition to having favorable oxygen binding parameters and colloid oncotic properties, must also have a low toxicity profile, be nonimmunogenic, have positive rheologic properties, and have an adequate in vivo half life. In addition, it must also be stable in vivo and not undergo significant oxidation to methemoglobin or release heme or iron in the vasculature. The preclinical studies which have been designed and executed to address these requirements for recombinant human hemoglobin rHb1.1 serve as the focus of this review. Recombinant Hb1.1 represents the first HBOC to enter clinical trials as a recombinant product in distinction to other HBOCs which are derived from bovine or outdated human blood. While currently in phase II clinical trials, the preclinical biology which has increased our understanding of this molecule are the subject of this review.
Polyethylene-layered silicate nanocomposites: Synthesis, structure, and properties (2008)

This work studies the structure and main properties of nanocomposites based on polyethylene (PE) and modified montmorillonite (MMT) and prepared by intercalation polymerization. This method provides virtually complete exfoliation of precursor MMT particles into nanometer-thick single layers dispersed in the nascent PE matrix, as proven by small-angle X-ray scattering, very cold neutron (VCN) scattering, and transmission electron microscopy. In low-MMT nanocomposites, a number of important performance parameters are strongly improved compared to those of unfilled PE; they have higher barrier properties, a considerably increased dynamic mechanical modulus over a wide temperature range, improved heat resistance and thermooxidative stability, and a unique ability for oxidative carbonization during high-temperature pyrolysis and burning. As a result, we can classify these polymer nanocomposites with low-combustibility materials.
Metabolic Effects of Dietary Purine and Pyrimidine Bases in Rats (1983)

Journal Article Metabolic Effects of Dietary Purine and Pyrimidine Bases in Rats Get access Takako Yokozawa, Takako Yokozawa Department of Biochemistry, Research Institute for Wakan-Yaku, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sugitani, Toyama 930-01, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Hikokichi Oura, Hikokichi Oura Department of Biochemistry, Research Institute for Wakan-Yaku, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sugitani, Toyama 930-01, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Ping Dong Zheng, Ping Dong Zheng Department of Biochemistry, Research Institute for Wakan-Yaku, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sugitani, Toyama 930-01, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Masayuki Fukase, Masayuki Fukase Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sugitani, Toyama, 930-01 Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Fumitomo Koizumi, Fumitomo Koizumi Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sugitani, Toyama, 930-01 Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Matao Kanaoka Matao Kanaoka Department of Organic Chemistry, Research Institute for Wakan-Yaku, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sugitani, Toyama 930-01, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 47, Issue 6, 1 June 1983, Pages 1297–1304, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1983.10866083 Published: 01 June 1983 Article history Received: 10 November 1982 Published: 01 June 1983
The SEA (Social Cognition and Emotional Assessment): A clinical neuropsychological tool for early diagnosis of frontal variant of frontotemporal lobar degeneration. (2011)

The SEA is a new and useful tool for diagnosing fvFTD and, more generally, all of the diseases affecting the orbital and medial prefrontal functions.
Improving DP Operational Reliability through Application of the IMCA FMEA Management Guide (2005)

Wavespec has been working over many years with providers of offshore drilling and platform support services to review the status of DP documentation and operations on their vessels, particularly on vessels either built before the most recent DP regulations or that have been subject to upgrades. In many of these vessels there is either an insufficiently detailed FMEA document, or one which is seriously out of date.
Podocyte Injury in Lupus Nephritis (2019)

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by a broad spectrum of renal lesions. In lupus glomerulonephritis, histological classifications are based on immune-complex (IC) deposits and hypercellularity lesions (mesangial and/or endocapillary) in the glomeruli. However, there is compelling evidence to suggest that glomerular epithelial cells, and podocytes in particular, are also involved in glomerular injury in patients with SLE. Podocytes now appear to be not only subject to collateral damage due to glomerular capillary lesions secondary to IC and inflammatory processes, but they are also a potential direct target in lupus nephritis. Improvements in our understanding of podocyte injury could improve the classification of lupus glomerulonephritis. Indeed, podocyte injury may be prominent in two major presentations: lupus podocytopathy and glomerular crescent formation, in which glomerular parietal epithelial cells play also a key role. We review here the contribution of podocyte impairment to different presentations of lupus nephritis, focusing on the podocyte signaling pathways involved in these lesions.
Interleaved Active-Clamping Converter With ZVS/ZCS Features (2010)

In this paper, an interleaved soft-switching dc-to-dc converter configuration is proposed. It consists of two parts: the primary side is a constant-frequency asymmetrical converter with active-clamp feature and the secondary side is a series-resonant tank circuit. The active-clamp circuit recycles the energy stored in the magnetizing inductance of transformer to allow main/auxiliary switches turn-ON at zero-voltage switching and clamps the voltage stress of the main switches. Series-resonant tank circuit employs the transformer leakage inductance and secondary resonant capacitance to achieve zero-current switching of the output diodes. The circuit features constant-frequency operation and soft switching for both the transistors and the diodes. Interleaving operation of this configuration combines the aforementioned benefits and small output capacitor. Theoretical analysis and computer simulation of the converter were given. An 80-KHz 500-W experimental circuit of the proposed converter was demonstrated.
ChemInform Abstract: STEREOCHEMIE EINER PHOTOCHEMISCHEN ALLYLUMLAGERUNG (1970)

Abstract Das Keton (I) reagiert bei Bestrahlung in Pentan zum Norbornen (II) ( 10 bis 20%).
Comparison of Versions 1.0 AND 1.5 of the UltraSensitive AMPLICOR HIV-1 MONITOR Test for Subjects with Low Viral Load (2004)

We compared the performance of two UltraSensitive AMPLICOR HIV-1 MONITOR kits (version 1.5 [v1.5] versus v1.0) by retesting 404 plasma samples with low viral loads (<3,000 copies/ml) with both kits. With 292 samples that initially had <50 copies/ml by the v1.0 kit, the v1.5 assay was more sensitive than the v1.0 assay for samples with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA near the 50-copy/ml cutoff (P = 0.0146). Median numbers of copies per milliliter were similar for 112 samples with 50 to 3,000 copies/ml with no difference in sensitivity with a 200-copy/ml cutoff.
Renal Transplantation in Patients with Prior Thoracic Organ Transplants (1998)

556 Transplantation of thoracic organs such as hearts and lungs has become increasingly successful resulting in long term patient survival. The risk of chronic renal failure due to immunosuppressants has been estimated to be 15-20% in some studies of patients after heart transplantation. These patients are also at risk for hypertensive nephrosclerosis, atheroembolic disease and hepatitis related glomerulonephritis. Early preventive measures including protein restriction and angiotensin converting enzyme use may ultimately decrease the renal risk to these patients. Lifelong dialysis would be the only treatment option for those developing end stage renal disease unless renal transplantation could be offered. Since most of these patients have been transplanted for many years, adding a second transplant with the potential complications of high dose immunosuppression in the early post-operative period has potentially placed such patients in a very high risk group. Our experience suggests that patients with prior thoracic renal transplants have an excellent outcome after renal transplantation if a careful pre-transplant evaluation is performed. We report the results of our experience with renal transplantation after successful transplantation of thoracic organs. From 7/4/90 to 5/13/96, 13 patient with prior thoracic organ transplants received renal transplants at our institution. All patients received the renal allografts under Tacrolimus. Of these, 10 were adults (mean age 56.3 ± 7.7 years, range 41.1 to 64.5) and 3 were children (9.5, 16.3 and 17.9 years of age). The leading cause of renal failure was either CYA or TAC in 9 patients although renal biopsy was performed in only 2 patients. Diabetic nephropathy was present in one patient and the remainder were felt to have chronic glomerulonephritis or unknown etiology of renal failure. Hemodialysis had been performed in 6 patients, 1 CAPD and 6 had not started dialysis at the time of transplantation. The peak historical PRA prior to transplantation was 9.2± 8.5 and PRA immediately prior to transplantation was 5.3 ± 6.5. Cold ischemia time for all patients was 23 ± 6.7 hours. All patients were primary renal transplants. One year allograft survival was 92.3% and patient survival 100%. Two patients lost their renal grafts (day 72 and 5.6 years after transplantation). One heart transplant patient died of squamous cell laryngeal carcinoma 5.5 years after transplantation. His renal allograft had failed on day 72 post-transplant due to primary non-function. In summary, renal transplantation appears to be safe and effective in patients with prior thoracic organ transplants. These patients do not appear to be at great risk if a careful pre-transplant evaluation in performed and close follow up management is conducted by both the thoracic and renal transplant teams.
Insulin-like growth factor I-enhanced renal expression of osteopontin after acute ischemic injury in rats. (1996)

Pretreatment of rats with insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) ameliorates the course of acute ischemic renal injury. Differential display PCR was used to identify genes that are expressed in kidney after induction of acute ischemic renal injury in rats pretreated with vehicle or IGF-I. One amplification product that showed enhanced expression in kidneys of rats rendered ischemic compared to kidneys of sham-operated rats was identified as osteopontin. Sequence analysis of full-length complementary DNAs revealed a single species. Renal tissue was obtained for study 12 h and 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 14, and 28 days postinjury. Levels of whole kidney osteopontin messenger RNA (mRNA) in rats rendered ischemic 1 day previously were elevated approximately 18-fold compared to levels measured in sham-operated controls, as determined by Northern analysis. No differences were noted 12 h postinjury. Levels of osteopontin mRNA remained elevated for 14 days after ischemia, but were no longer elevated at 28 days. IGF-I pretreatment resulted in enhanced levels of osteopontin mRNA 12 h, 1 day, and 5 days postinjury. In situ hybridization demonstrated that the elevated expression of osteopontin 1 day postinjury was localized predominantly to cells in the distal tubule and medullary thick ascending limb of Henle's loop. Immunostaining showed an identical localization for elevated protein expression. Five days postinjury, osteopontin peptide and mRNA were clearly detected in regenerating proximal tubules in addition to distal tubule and medullary thick ascending limb. We propose that endogenous osteopontin serves to promote tissue regeneration and tissue remodeling within 1 day after acute ischemic injury of kidney. IGF-I enhanced expression of osteopontin at an earlier time postischemia may ameliorate the course of injury.
Simultaneous monitoring of P53 protein and dna content of colorectal adenocarcinomas by flow cytometry (1990)

The p53 transformation-related gene is located on 17p, a chromosomal segment frequently under-represented in colorectal adenocarcinoma karyotypes. We have developed a flow cytometric method for detection of its gene product on isolated nuclei by indirect immunofluorescence. Criteria for defining the presence of p53 were established, using parameters related to the difference of fluorescence obtained by incubating nuclei with a specific monoclonal antibody (MAB) versus isotypic control. This method allowed simultaneous quantitation of p53 and DNA in tumor nuclei to be made. Twenty-two of the 41 tumors analyzed (54%) were found to overexpress p53 when compared to 13 normal mucosa specimens. Repeated preparations from different fragments of the same tumor gave reproducible results for the 21 cases tested. p53 was detected in a higher proportion of disseminated tumors (64%) compared to localized disease (39%), but the difference did not reach statistical significance (chi 2 = 2.4, p greater than 0.10). Tumors containing aneuploid cell subpopulations were also more frequently positive (65%) than diploid ones (20%), the difference being significant (Fisher's exact test, p less than 0.03). This dual parameter flow cytometric method, evaluating both DNA ploidy and p53 expression, may prove useful in identifying different biological subgroups of colorectal cancer.
Real-Time Data Fusion and MEMS Sensors Fault Detection in an Aircraft Emergency Attitude Unit Based on Kalman Filtering (2012)

The design, realization, and experimental validation of an original avionic attitude estimation unit are presented. The core of the system is a nine-state extended Kalman filter that optimally blends complementary kinematic data provided by orthogonal triads of inertial micro-electro-mechanical systems sensors: rate gyros (short-term fast dynamics) and accelerometers (long-term static reference). The unit is embedded in a novel aircraft emergency guidance system based on miniaturized solid-state sensors. While achieving the required extreme compactness, state-of-the-art performance is preserved: 50 Hz update rate, 0.1 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex Notation="TeX">$^{\circ}$</tex></formula> angular resolution, 0.5 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$^{\circ}$</tex></formula> static accuracy, and 2 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$^{\circ}$</tex></formula> dynamic accuracy (400 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$^{\circ}/{\rm s}$</tex></formula> max. angular rate, 10 g max. acceleration), all experimentally verified and granted over the extended thermal range. The selection of the state variables has been carefully trimmed in order to maximize the performance/speed tradeoff for real-time running in an embedded processor. The adoption of the Kalman observer also enables the implementation of model-based sensor fault detection with no extra computational cost.
Rheology of linear and branched styrene–acrylonitrile copolymers. Similarities and differences (2010)

A comprehensive investigation of rheological properties of linear and branched styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer specimens with similar molecular characteristics has been carried out. During the steady-state shear flow, the viscosity properties of both specimens are described by the Cross equation. In this case, the branched copolymer is characterized by a higher viscosity and shear thinning degree as well as by substantially lower shear rate values corresponding to transition to the non-Newtonian flow region. The elasticity of the branched copolymer melt (estimated from the value of the first normal stress difference) is considerably higher than that of the linear. This is reflected on the characteristics of occurrence of unstable flow at high shear rates. Rougher extrudate surface distortions are characteristic for the branched copolymer, and the shear rate corresponding to their occurrence is noticeably lower than for the linear copolymer. The dynamic characteristics of the copolymers being compared also attest to a greater elasticity of the branched specimen. An investigation of the viscoelastic properties in a wide temperature range allowed constructing a generalized frequency dependence of dynamic moduli encompassing various regions of the relaxation states of the copolymer specimens. Continuous relaxation spectra were calculated by means of the Mellin transform. It is shown that relaxation phenomena caused by segmental mobility doesn’t depend on the presence of branchings, whereas branching of the chain has a substantial effect on translation mobility of the chain as a whole. Branching leads to a noticeable increase of transient elongation viscosity but has almost no effect of strain hardening of the melt.
The Fluharty Preschool Speech and Language Screening Test (1993)

Two cohorts of 4- and 5-year-old children (N = 700) were screened with the Fluharty Preschool Speech and Language Screening Test. Two stratified samples (n = 51 cohort 1; n = 147 cohort 2), based on speech/language screening results, were administered criterion tests for articulation (AAPS-R or Templin-Darley) and language (TOLD or TALC-R). Clinical validation indices for combined speech or language outcome in the two cohorts were as follows: sensitivity, .43 and .31 respectively; specificity, .82 and .93; predictive value, .43 and .54; overreferral, 14% and 5%; underreferral, 14% in both cohorts, and percent agreement, 72% and 80%. The measure of sensitivities for language outcomes was lower than the above, whereas sensitivities for articulation was higher. These results suggest that the Fluharty is too insensitive to be relied on for screening programs aimed at identifying preschool children with language disorders, although it appears to have promise for the identification of children with articulation impairments.