gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nitrosamines: assessing the relative risk (1980)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTNitrosamines: assessing the relative riskThe ubiquitous nitrosamines have been found in diverse places, but so far no one has determined whether those made in the body or those found in the environment pose a greater riskLOIS R. EMBERView Author Information C&EN, WashingtonCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1980, 58, 13, 20–26Publication Date (Print):March 31, 1980Publication History Published online7 November 2010Published inissue 31 March 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v058n013.p020https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v058n013.p020newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 1980 American Chemical SocietyArticle Views17Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Amines,Anions,Atmospheric chemistry,Beverages,Nitrogen Get e-Alerts
Long-Term Sertraline Intake Reverses the Behavioral Changes Induced by Prenatal Stress in Rats in a Sex-Dependent Way (2017)

Early life stress is a major factor underlying the vulnerability to respond to stressful events later in life. The present study attempted to evaluate the role of prenatal stress affecting the development of stress-related disorders and their reversion by postnatal exposure to Sertraline (SERT), a front-line medication for medication for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in humans. To achieve this, adult male and female prenatally stressed (PS) or unstressed (Controls) offspring rats, following oral chronic treatment with SERT (5 mg/kg/day; from 1 month to 4 months old), or not, were studied prior to and after a traumatic event. First, anxiety-like behavior during the prepulse inhibition (PPI) test, a modulation of the startle reflex, was examined in all animals. Subsequently, the animals were subjected to a session of mild inescapable footshocks (IS; 0.35 mA, 5 s) in a shuttle box that was followed by 4 days of situational reminders in the aversive context. Prior to the footshocks no effects of PS or SERT were shown, and no changes in PPI and the habituation to the shuttle box were found. After them, PS led animals to exhibit behavioral alterations. When compared to the Controls, PS animals of both sexes displayed less rearing activity in the aversive environment. PS males responded less to footshock delivery and, in most of the animals, fear extinction was impaired. Moreover, the early postnatal exposure to SERT lessened the behavioral impact of PS in females, while in males it had no effect. Current results extend previous data from our laboratory, showing that PS heightened vulnerability to stress later on, and that SERT acts differently in males and females.
A mathematical model of tumor-immune evasion and siRNA treatment (2004)

In this paper a mathematical model is presented that describes growth,immune escape, and siRNA treatment of tumors. The model consists of asystem of nonlinear, ordinary differential equations describing tumorcells and immune effectors, as well as the immuno-stimulatory andsuppressive cytokines IL-2 and TGF-$\beta$. TGF-$\beta$ suppresses theimmune system by inhibiting the activation of effector cells andreducing tumor antigen expression. It also stimulates tumor growth bypromoting angiogenesis, explaining the inclusion of an angiogenicswitch mechanism for TGF-$\beta$ activity. The model predicts thatincreasing the rate of TGF-$\beta$ production for reasonable values oftumor antigenicity enhances tumor growth and its ability to escapehost detection. The model is then extended to include siRNA treatmentwhich suppresses TGF-$\beta$ production by targeting the mRNA that codesfor TGF-$\beta$, thereby reducing the presence and effect of TGF-$\beta$in tumor cells. Comparison of tumor response to multiple injectionsof siRNA with behavior of untreated tumors demonstrates theeffectiveness of this proposed treatment strategy. A secondadministration method, continuous infusion, is included to contrastthe ideal outcome of siRNA treatment. The model's results predict conditionsunder which siRNA treatment can be successful in returning anaggressive, TGF-$\beta$ producing tumor to its passive, non-immuneevading state.
Pharmacokinetics of Clodronate after Single Intravenous, Intramuscular and Subcutaneous Injections in Rats (1991)

The pharmacokinetics of clodronate was studied in rats after single intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous doses of a mixture of unlabelled and 14C-labelled disodium clodronate (25 mg/5 muCi/kg). The peak clodronate concentration in plasma was reached within 5 min., and the drug was eliminated with a half-life of about 1.5 hr regardless of administration route. Bioavailabilities after intramuscular and subcutaneous administration were 105% and 89%, respectively. During the 72 hr collection period, the mean share of clodronate recovered from the urine was about 53% of the dose regardless of administration route. Most of the drug was excreted during the first 24 hr. The amount of clodronate in bone (femur) was 186 micrograms/g tissue at 2 hr after intravenous administration, 188 micrograms/g after intramuscular administration and 157 micrograms/g after subcutaneous administration. It is concluded that absorption of clodronate after intramuscular and subcutaneous administration is rapid and good, and that the concentrations of the drug in bone after 2 hr are about the same as after intravenous administration.
Education and Research Update (2007)

Information management (IM) education and research at Monash University goes back to 1975. A new Bachelor of Information Technology and Systems has been introduced, which has an Information Management major. This major will give graduates a recognised LIS qualification as well as preparing them for the future impact of IT on the profession.
[Presence of Yersinia enterocolitica in conditions of agro complex]. (2013)

Agro complexes are a variant oftechnogenic foci where ecological conditions for prolonged existence of sapronosis are formed.
PKCδ‐dependent cleavage and nuclear translocation of annexin A1 by phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate (2003)

Annexin A1 (ANX-1), a calcium-dependent, phospholipid binding protein, is known to be involved in diverse cellular processes, including regulation of cell growth and differentiation, apoptosis, and inflammation. The mitogen phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) induces expression and phosphorylation of ANX-1. However, the roles of ANX-1 in PMA-induced signal transduction is unknown. Here, we study the cellular localization of ANX-1 in the PMA-induced signal transduction process. We have found that PMA induces the cleavage of ANX-1 in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells, and that the cleaved form of ANX-1 translocates to the nucleus. The PMA-induced nuclear translocation of ANX-1 was inhibited by the protein kinase C (PKC)delta-specific inhibitor rottlerin, indicating that PKCdelta plays a role in nuclear translocation of the cleaved ANX-1. We propose a novel mechanism of PMA-induced translocation of ANX-1 to the nucleus that may participate in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation.
Low-Dimensional Chaos in Large Conductance Ca-Activated K-Channel Gating Kinetics (1998)

The dynamics of single channel gating kinetics is conventionally attributed to stochastic processes generating the open and close states of the channel. However, recent evidence has accumulated for low-dimensional deterministic dynamics in the geometric or temporal evolution of various biological systems. Representative open and close time series of a large conductance Ca-activated K-channel (BK channel), obtained from a cell-attached patch-clamp of a human pituitary cell, were studied by dynamical analysis. Dynamical analysis by nonlinear deterministic measures of the nonstationary open and close time series included geometrical reconstruction by recurrence diagrams, point correlation dimension (PD2i), “chaoticity” of time series by dynamic Lyapunov exponents, and long-range scaling properties. Statistical significance of the dynamical measures was obtained from phase-randomized data sets constructed from the original data addressing the null hypothesis that the original time series was indistinguishable from a stochastic process (linearly correlated noise). The recurrence diagrams revealed nonstationarities in the open and close data series but showed geometrically low-dimensional deterministic structure that was absent in the surrogate series. The correlation dimensions (PD2i) were 5.5 and 2.9 for open and close time series, statistically different from their surrogate counterparts (7.6 and 6.0, respectively), the small noninteger numbers suggesting low-dimensional chaos. The dynamic largest Lyapunov exponents, for most of the time series, revealed positive numbers indicative of chaotic dynamics. The asymptotic scaling exponents were > 0.5 < 1.0 for both open and close time series, suggesting the presence of scale-invariant long-range power-law correlations (“memory”). The results suggest that single ion channel gating kinetics exhibit low-dimensional chaotic dynamics and call for deterministic descriptors of channel gating, reinvestigation of other channel types and deterministic or fractal modeling.
Tunable acousto-optic filter utilizing acoustic beam walkoff in crystal quartz (1974)

A new configuration of a tunable acousto-optic filter utilizing acoustic beam walkoff in crystal quartz is described. By changing the acoustic frequency from 54 to 175 MHz, tuning of optical wavelength from about 650 to 250 nm is obtained in a single filter.
Implication of the tRNA Initiation Step for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase in the Mechanism of 3‘-Azido-3‘-deoxythymidine (AZT) Resistance (1998)

There is a lack of correlation between biochemical studies and the observed clinical resistance of AIDS patients on long-term AZT therapy. Mutant HIV-1 reverse transcriptase in the viral isolates from these patients shows a 100-fold decrease in sensitivity to AZT whereas little or no difference is observed in kinetic parameters in vitro using steady-state kinetic analysis. A pre-steady-state kinetic analysis was used to examine the binding and incorporation of 2'-deoxythymidine 5'-triphosphate (dTTP) and 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine 5'-triphosphate (AZTTP) by wild-type HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and a clinically important AZT-resistant mutant form of the enzyme (D67N, K70R, T215Y, K219Q) utilizing a physiologically relevant RNA 18-mer/RNA 36-mer primer-template substrate. It was determined that with this RNA/RNA substrate there is a 2.6-fold increase in the selection for incorporation of the natural nucleotide dTTP over the unnatural nucleoside analogue AZTTP by AZT-resistant reverse transcriptase as compared to its wild-type form. This observation indicates that the tRNALys initiation step plays an important role in the development of drug resistance. Furthermore, this result implies that the structural basis of AZT resistance in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase involves the conformation of the RNA-DNA junction (formed upon attachment of a deoxynucleotide to the RNA primer). Taken together, these observations suggest a new pharmacological basis for the development of more effective and novel AIDS drugs.
Evaluation of the clinical significance of HER2 amplification by chromogenic in situ hybridisation in patients with primary breast cancer. (2004)

HER2 overexpression and amplification was found in 24.3% and 19.1%, respectively. The clinico-pathological correlations revealed a significant association between positive HER2 status and standard prognostic factors including high tumour grade, large tumour size and absence of steroid hormone receptors. Univariate analysis indicated that HER2 overexpression and amplification were predictive for poor overall (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). The same effect was also seen in the patient groups with node-negative as well as node-positive breast cancer. By multivariate analysis, HER2 alteration proved to be an indicator of poor prognosis, independent of tumour size, tumour grade, hormone receptor expression, nodal involvement and adjuvant therapy. CONCLUSION. HER2 expression, as assessed by CISH, is an independent marker for unfavourable prognosis in primary breast cancers.
Analysis of the minor autolysins of Bacillus subtilis during vegetative growth by zymography (1995)

SDS-PAGE and zymographic analysis of protein extracts from Bacillus subtilis AN8, which is deficient in the major 50-kDa amidase (CwlB[LytC]), revealed another distinct but relatively weak 50-kDa protein and its strong activity band. As well as the 50-kDa protein (designated as CwIE), a 35-kDa protein (designated as CwlF) and its activity were also found. In contrast to CwlE production, CwlF production was unaffected by a flaDl(sinR) point mutation which represses other vegetative phase autolysins. These newly identified autolysin activities quickly disappeared when cell growth entered stationary phase. The introduction of a sigD-null mutation caused the disappearance of Cw1E activity but Cw1F activity was unaffected by the mutation, as judged on zymography. The possible roles of CwlE and CwlF during vegetative growth are discussed.
Regional Chest Wall Volume Changes During Various Breathing Maneuvers in Normal Men (2011)

Alternation of breathing maneuvers affects regional chest wall volume changes.
Palabras de apertura del IV Encuentro de Optometristas y Ópticos celebrado en la Facultad de Tecnología de la Salud de La Habana (2016)

A tono con este momento historico la Facultad de Tecnologia de la Salud, tiene la mision desde la preparacion permanente y continuada brindarle a sus recursos laborales, los espacios para la investigacion cientifica, la socializacion e innovacion, como una exigencia de los avances cientificos tecnologicos a los que se enfrentan hoy, sobre todo los que se desempenan en el area de las Tecnologias de la Salud. Para nadie es un secreto que el hombre hoy se mueve en una sociedad que tiene como caracteristica distintiva ser la sociedad del conocimiento, por su urgente y dinamico movimiento, lo que trae como consecuencia que se este generando constantemente  el enriquecimiento y actualizacion de las ciencias en sentido general. Esto acarrea como necesidad apremiante, que los recursos humanos que interactuan dentro de ella sean capaces de ser: -Diestros  en soluciones rapidas, sencillas, ingeniosas, practicas, flexibles y personales a problemas rutinarios o emergentes. -Capaz de integrarse y/o proponer trabajos en grupos  cooperativos multidisciplinarios. -Artifice de una dinamica, responsable de una gestion del conocimiento que le permita: actualizarse, racionalizar y optimizar recursos, alcanzar la mayor organizacion, control y eficiencia posibles en la produccion y los servicios. -Excelente cultor de relaciones humanas, profesionales, ambientales y bioeticas. -Solidarios, responsables  y comprometidos con su desarrollo personal, y el del pais. Hoy nuestra Facultad, se enfrenta a la necesidad de fortalecer desde este tipo de intercambio cientifico las bases teoricas practicas de sus diferentes areas del saber, por lo que invitamos a los especialistas que desde sus procederes tecnologicos contribuyan a la salud de la sociedad, con los estandares de calidad que se imponen a nivel nacional e internacional. Lic. Antonio Humberto Rodriguez Sanchez Toledo Decano Facultad de Tecnologia de la Salud
Rapid Detection of Human Rhinoviruses in Nasopharyngeal Aspirates by a Microwell Reverse Transcription-PCR–Hybridization Assay (1999)

A rapid and sensitive microwell reverse transcription (RT)-PCR-hybridization assay was developed to detect human rhinoviruses in clinical specimens and cell culture suspensions. Two hundred three nasopharyngeal aspirates collected from children with symptoms of respiratory disease were analyzed by a classical rolling-tube cell culture method, microwell culture of HeLa Ohio cell monolayers, and RT-PCR with detection of the amplicons in a microwell hybridization assay. The RT-PCR was also done with harvests of the microwell cultures. RNA was extracted with a commercial kit, and the RT-PCR procedure was carried out with microtiter-format equipment. A confirmatory test that exploited a blocking oligonucleotide at the hybridization step was developed to reliably identify marginally positive specimens. Of the 203 nasopharyngeal aspirate specimens, rhinovirus or rhinoviral RNA was detected in 111 specimens (55%). Ninety-eight specimens (48%) were found to be positive by RT-PCR of the original nasopharyngeal aspirates, while the conventional rolling-tube cell culture method yielded 52 (26%) positive specimens. This RT-PCR method with solid-phase hybridization is easy to perform, sensitive, and specific and will be especially useful for analysis of large numbers of clinical specimens.
Privatization of extension systems: case studies of international initiatives (2004)

Twelve case studies are described where privatization has been a feature of national or regional reform processes over the past 10-15 years. Cases come from Chile, Ecuador, Estonia, Germany-Brandenburg, Honduras, Mali, Niger, Pakistan, South Africa, Venezuela, Uganda, and the United Kingdom. What is clear from the experiences across these countries is that privatization, in the context of national reform of rural extension services systems, is an important strategic component of these complex and pluralistic processes rather than an ideological mantra imbuing the overall endeavor. Also emerging from the studies and other related international experience is the fundamental difference in both principles and policies between reform processes involving the privatization of agricultural enterprises and those involving the privatization of rural services. Privatization of enterprises involves the ceding of total or substantial ownership and operational control from the government to the private sector whereas privatization of services involves the development of new partnerships and associated capacities between government agencies and non-governmental and private sector actors.
Influence of Minor Additions and Calcination Temperature of Beryllia on Powder Properties (1981)

Influence of minor additions of MgO, TiO2 and Fe2O2 on BeO powders prepared by calcination of the hydroxide has been studied. Minor additions have no significant influence on the decomposition characteristics of beryllium hydroxide. Depending on the temperature of calcination, the minor additions have varying degree of influence on surface area, crystallite size, particle size and particle morphology. Reduction in surface area and increase in crystallite size with increase in calcination temperature were dependent on the type of the additive present. The crystallite size and particle size were of the same order of magnitude at lower calcination temperature. With increase in calcination temperature the particle growth was much more than the crystallite growth.
Modulation Considerations for a 91 Mbit/s Digital Radio (1978)

The DRS-8 is a 91 Mbit/s long haul digital radio system designed for use in the Canadian 8 GHz frequency band. This paper discusses the considerations which lead to the choice of Quadrature Partial Response Signaling (QPRS) for this application. A method of implementing QPRS that circumvents power amplification difficulties and permits the use of simple conventional filtering and equalization is presented. The computer analysis program and the design strategy used in the system filter design are described. Details of the signal shaping filters as well as details of carrier and clock synchronization are given. Finally, measured system performance is presented and compared with computed performance.
Morphology of Corneal Nerves Using Confocal Microscopy (2001)

This study provides convincing evidence of the suitability of confocal microscopy to image corneal nerves, the only drawback being the limited resolution in terms of the differentiation of the ultrastructure of nerve bundles.
Effects of ethanol and other alkanols on the kinetics and the activation parameters of thermal death in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (1982)

Ethanol, isopropanol, propanol, and butanol enhanced thermal death in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by increasing DeltaSdouble dagger, the entropy of activation of thermal death while DeltaHdouble dagger, the enthalpy of activation, was not significantly affected. The relation between DeltaSdouble dagger and alkanol concentration was linear with a different slope for each alkanol: DeltaS(double dagger) (X) = DeltaS(double dagger) (0) + C(A) (E)X, where X is the alkanol concentration and C(A) (E) the entropy coefficient for the aqueous phase defined as increase in entropy of activation per unit concentrations of the alkanol. C(A) (E) was correlated with the lipid-buffer partition coefficients of the alkanols while C(M) (E), the entropy coefficient for the lipid phase, was nearly identical for the four alkanol and averaged 37.6 entropy units per mole of alkanol per kilogram of membrane. As predicted by these results, the specific death rates (K(d)) at constant temperature were an exponential function of the alkanol concentration and behaved in agreement with the following equation: In K(X) (d) = In K(0) (d) + (C(A) (E)/R)X, where R is the gas constant. It was concluded that the alkanols enhanced thermal death through nonspecific action on membrane structure.
[Screening the mimic antigen epitopes of triosephosphate isomerase of Schistosoma japonicum Chinese strain (Sjc-Tpi) with random phage peptide library]. (2001)

The two mimic antigen epitopes of SjC-TPI obtained are imitative epitopes of the configuration antigen of SjC-TPI.
The Synthesis of Stypandrol, a Toxic Binaphthalenetetrol Isolated From <i>Stypandra imbricata</i> : New Syntheses of Dianellidin and Stypandrone (1988)

New syntheses of the naphthalenoid natural products dianellidin [1- (1,8-dihydroxy-3-methylnaphthalen-2-yl) ethanone ] (2) and stypandrone [6-acetyl-5-hydroxy-7-methylnaphthalenel-1,4-dione] (20), which rely on the Fries rearrangement, are described. This methodology is then applied to the synthesis of stypandrol [1,1'-(1,1',8,8'-tetrahydroxy- 6,6'-dimethyl-2,2'-binaphthalene-7,7'-diyl) bisethanone ] (1), a toxic naphthalenetetrol isolated from Stypandra imbricata R.Br. ('blind grass').