gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spatial Position Measurement System for Surgical Navigation Using 3-D Image Marker-Based Tracking Tools With Compact Volume (2017)

We develop a spatial position measurement system using three-dimensional (3-D) image marker-based tracking tools targeted at surgical navigation in minimally invasive surgery. We generate 3-D image markers with spatial information encoded to 2-D images, design tracking tools with the 3-D image markers, and analyze the tracking tools' theoretical spatial errors, which are primarily limited by the spatial distribution of reconstructed fiducial 3-D markers. A pattern analysis-based positional measurement algorithm is developed to calculate the tool's spatial information using its spatial configuration. Evaluation experiments were conducted to demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed system. Furthermore, surgical navigation feasibility studies were performed. With a patient-image registration algorithm, a navigation interface that shows preoperative medical data and intraoperative information about the tool can intuitively and accurately assist surgeons. The results demonstrate that the proposed tracking tools, which have compact volume and spatial positional information, are of potential use in minimally invasive surgery in a limited space.
Antiplatelet effect of the anaesthetic drug propofol: influence of red blood cells and leucocytes (1999)

1. The present study was designed to investigate the mechanism of the antiplatelet action of the anaesthetic propofol in vitro. 2. Human whole blood was incubated with different concentrations of propofol and its solvent Intralipid(R). We determined, platelet aggregometry in whole blood, platelet-enriched plasma (PRP), PRP plus red blood cells (RBC), and PRP plus leucocytes (LC); platelet production of thromboxane B2 (TxB2), ATP release by platelet dense granules, adenosine uptake by RBC, intraplatelet levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cyclic GMP), and LC production of nitric oxide (NO). 3. Propofol-induced inhibition of platelet aggregation was greater in whole blood (IC50 80 - 136 microM) than in PRP (IC50>600 microM), except when aggregation was induced by arachidonic acid, in which case the antiaggregatory effect of the anaesthetic was similar in both media (IC50 72 - 85 microM). Inhibition of platelet aggregation correlated significantly with inhibition of TxB2 synthesis (r2=0.83). Propofol also inhibited granular ATP release; this effect was greatest in whole blood. 4. The presence of RBC or LC increased the antiaggregatory effect of propofol, mainly when collagen was used as aggregating agent. Intralipid inhibited the uptake of adenosine by RBC, however this effect probably does not contribute significantly to its antiaggregatory effect. 5. The anaesthetic potentiated the NO-cyclic GMP pathway, mainly by increasing the synthesis of NO by LC. Intralipid had no effect on the NO-cyclic GMP pathway in the LC-platelet interaction. 6. Propofol inhibited platelet aggregation in human whole blood, possibly through the sum of the effects of Intralipid on the platelet-RBC interaction and the increased synthesis of NO by LC in the platelet-LC interaction.
Chromogenic assays for equine coagulation factors VII, VIII:C, IX, and X, and C1-esterase inhibitor. (1998)

Human chromogenic assays can be routinely used to measure F.VII, F.VIII:C, F.IX, F.X, and C1-INH in horses, and may be useful in evaluation of horses with disorders of hemostasis.
Dead silence: the greatest mystery in Arctic discovery. John Geiger and Owen Beattie. 1993. London: Bloomsbury Publishing. 219p, illustrated, hardcover. ISBN 0-7475-1185-3. £16. 99. (1994)

Dead silence: the greatest mystery in Arctic discovery. John Geiger and Owen Beattie. 1993. London: Bloomsbury Publishing. 219p, illustrated, hardcover. ISBN 0-7475-1185-3. £16. 99. - Volume 30 Issue 172
Development of a prosthetic venous valve (1985)

The pathology of thrombophlebitis primarily results from the obliteration of venous valves in the lower extremities. The objective of this study was to develop a prosthetic venous valve that could be implanted in the human femoral system to ameliorate the deleterious effects of thrombophlebitis. Prosthetic venous valves were produced from two materials: Pellethane valves were fabricated from a dip-casting process; umbilical vein valves were produced by a fixation process. The valves were evaluated as implants within the external jugular veins of 10 research dogs. Each animal was implanted with one Pellethane valve in one external jugular vein and one umbilical vein venous valve in the contralateral jugular vein. Each valve was positioned over a stainless-steel cylinder that had been implanted into the jugular veins in such a manner that there existed no blood-cylinder interaction. Patency of the valves was determined by X-ray venography at 24, 48, and 72 h and at 5 and 8 days postoperatively. All of the umbilical vein venous valves were occluded by the end of 48 h, whereas two of the Pellethane venous valves remained patent for at least 5 days but were occluded at 8 days. The results of this study suggest the possibility of success of Pellethane valve implants in the venous circulation and indicate future directions for study.
Glucose pump test: a new method for blood flow measurements (2002)

GPT offers the advantage of a simple bedside procedure easily performed before dialysis: it does not interfere with the dialysis treatment and it is less intrusive for the patient as it does not involve reversal of the blood lines. The preliminary data indicate that our method could be a useful, simple and cheap test for monitoring access flow in every dialysis unit.
Feedback control of vibrations in a moving flexible robot arm with rotary and prismatic joints (2005)

A robot with a long extendible flexible arm which can also undergo both vertical translation and rotary motion is considered. First, a distributed-parameter model for the robot arm dynamics is developed. It is found that the extending motion could enhance the arm vibrations. Then, a Galerkin type approximation based on an appropriate time-dependent basis for the solution space is used to obtain an approximate finite-dimensional model for simulation studies. A feedback control for damping the motion-induced vibrations is derived by considering the time rate-of-change of the total vibrational energy of the flexible arm. The paper concludes with some simulation results for a special case with the proposed control law.
Keyphrase Extraction Using Semantic Networks Structure Analysis (2006)

Keyphrases play a key role in text indexing, summarization and categorization. However, most of the existing keyphrase extraction approaches require human-labeled training sets. In this paper, we propose an automatic keyphrase extraction algorithm, which can be used in both supervised and unsupervised tasks. This algorithm treats each document as a semantic network. Structural dynamics of the network are used to extract keyphrases (key nodes) unsupervised. Experiments demonstrate the proposed algorithm averagely improves 50% in effectiveness and 30% in efficiency in unsupervised tasks and performs comparatively with supervised extractors. Moreover, by applying this algorithm to supervised tasks, we develop a classifier with an overall accuracy up to 80%.
Bevordert het werk het leren van leraren? Een longitudinale toets van de actief-lerenhypothese in Karaseks Demand-Control model (2003)

Contains fulltext : 63024.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)
Reviews (1988)

Reviews J. A. Buttigieg , A Portrait of the Artist in Different Perspective . Pp. xiii + 165 . Athens, Ohio and London : Ohio University Press , 1987 . £23.70. RONALD MASON RONALD MASON Banstead, Surrrey Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume 35, Issue 4, December 1988, Pages 550–551, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/35-4-550 Published: 01 December 1988
Structural Determinants of Muscarinic Agonist Activity (1989)

Traditionally, structure-activity relationships (SAR) among muscarinic cholinergic agonists have been derived from dose-effect studies on isolated tissues or in whole animals (Barlow, 1964). In general, in vitro assays are preferable to in vivo assays for studying relations between chemical structure and actual effect (pharmacodynamics). The interpretation of SAR obtained in vivo is likely to be complicated by distributional and pharmacokinetic factors.
Inductive and Ultrasonic Multi-Tier Interface for Low-Power, Deeply Implantable Medical Devices (2012)

We report the development of a novel multi-tier interface which enables the wireless, noninvasive transfer of sufficient amounts of power as well as the collection and transmission of data from low-power, deeply implantable analog sensors. The interface consists of an inductive coupling subsystem and an ultrasonic subsystem. The designed and experimentally verified inductive subsystem ensures that 5 W of power is transferred across 10 mm of air gap between a single pair of PCB spiral coils with an efficiency of 83% using our prototype CMOS logic gate-based driver circuit. The implemented ultrasonic subsystem, based on ultrasonic PZT ceramic discs driven in their low-frequency, radial/planar-excitation mode, further ensures that 29 μW of power is delivered 70 mm deeper inside a homogenous liquid environment-with no acoustic matching layer employed-with an efficiency of 1%. Overall system power consumption is 2.3 W. The implant is intermittently powered every 800 msec; charging a capacitor which provides sufficient power for a duration of ~ 18 msec; sufficient for an implant μC operating at a frequency of 500 KHz to transmit a nibble (4 bits) of digitized sensed data.
Intravehicular, Short- and Long-Range Communication Information Fusion for Providing Safe Speed Warnings (2016)

Inappropriate speed is a relevant concurrent factor in many traffic accidents. Moreover, in recent years, traffic accidents numbers in Spain have fallen sharply, but this reduction has not been so significant on single carriageway roads. These infrastructures have less equipment than high-capacity roads, therefore measures to reduce accidents on them should be implemented in vehicles. This article describes the development and analysis of the impact on the driver of a warning system for the safe speed on each road section in terms of geometry, the presence of traffic jams, weather conditions, type of vehicle and actual driving conditions. This system is based on an application for smartphones and includes knowledge of the vehicle position via Ground Positioning System (GPS), access to intravehicular information from onboard sensors through the Controller Area Network (CAN) bus, vehicle data entry by the driver, access to roadside information (short-range communications) and access to a centralized server with information about the road in the current and following sections of the route (long-range communications). Using this information, the system calculates the safe speed, recommends the appropriate speed in advance in the following sections and provides warnings to the driver. Finally, data are sent from vehicles to a server to generate new information to disseminate to other users or to supervise drivers' behaviour. Tests in a driving simulator have been used to define the system warnings and Human Machine Interface (HMI) and final tests have been performed on real roads in order to analyze the effect of the system on driver behavior.
Experiments with a digital computer in a simple control system (1954)

The use of digital computers as elements in control systems is rapidly becoming an accepted and effective practice. One important feature of such systems is that information is accepted by most digital computers only intermittently. On each sample of incoming data the computer performs a sequence of operations, and it is effectively unable to accept new data until it has finished operating on the old sample. Thus, such a mixed (digital-analog) system is a sampled-data system.
Adenosine myocardial perfusion imaging. (1994)

Adenosine myocardial perfusion imaging is useful in diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) and risk assessment in patients who have exercise limitations. As a pharmacologic stressor, adenosine acts on two cell-surface purine receptors, A1 and A2. Activation of A2 receptors cause coronary vasodilation. Unlike other pharmacologic stressors, such as dipyridamole and dobutamine, adenosine is an endogenous biochemical. Adenosine perfusion studies have a relatively high sensitivity and specificity (80%-90%) for identifying CAD. Images from adenosine studies are comparable to, or better than, images from exercise myocardial perfusion studies. The side effects are common, but not serious; they are short-lived and rarely require the administration of aminophylline.
Dermatitis during radiation for vulvar carcinoma: prevention and treatment with granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor impregnated gauze (2001)

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF) impregnated gauze in preventing or healing radiation‐induced dermatitis. Sixty‐one patients were irradiated for vulvar carcinoma. Thirty‐seven applied steroid cream at irradiated areas throughout radiotherapy (Group A) and 24 patients applied additionally GM‐CSF impregnated gauze (40μg/cm 2 of skin‐irradiated area, twice per day) in addition to the steroid cream, after 20Gy of irradiation (Group B). The score of skin reactions ( P= 0.008, chi 2 test) and the time interval of radiotherapy interruption ( P =0.037, Mann‐Whitney U test) were statistically significantly reduced in Group B patients. Multivariate analysis of variance showed for this group not only a significant reduction in the Sum of Gross Dermatitis Scoring ( P <0.001, adjusted for Duration of Dermatitis) but also a significant reduction of the healing time ( P =0.02, adjusted for Sum of Gross Dermatitis Scoring). The pain grading was less ( P= 0.014, chi 2 test) and pain reduction was noticed sooner after the application of GM‐CSF impregnated gauze ( P =0.0017, Mann‐Whitney U test). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the only significant effect on dermatitis score is due to Body Mass Index ( P =0.034) and the application of GM‐CSF ( P =0.008). GM‐CSF impregnated gauze can be effective in preventing and healing radiation‐induced dermatitis and in reducing the interruption intervals of radiotherapy for vulvar carcinomas.
Synthesis and in solution behaviour of new 2‐substituted‐4‐thiazolidinecarboxylic acid derivatives (1989)

Abstract A number of 2‐substituted‐4‐thiazolidinecarboxylic acid derivatives were synthesized by cyclocondensation of L‐cysteine or its esters with various aldehydes, resulting from acids provided with antiinflammatory properties. In the cyclocondensation a new chiral center at C‐2 position of thiazolidine ring is formed giving rise to a mixture of diastereoisomers which can be partially separated. These diastereoisomers show in solution a fast epimerisation at the same chiral center as evidenced by 1 H‐nmr studies.
MicroRNAs expressed by human cytomegalovirus (2020)

To study the miRNAs encoded by viruses and their roles in viral replication, expression, and infection will not only contribute to the planning of effective antiviral therapies, but also provide new molecular targets for the development of antiviral drugs.
An Asymptotically Random Tausworthe Sequence (1973)

The theoretical limitations on the orders of equidistribution attainable by Tausworthe sequences are derived from first principles and are stated in the form of a criterion to be achieved. A second criterion, extending these limitations to multidimensional uniformity, is also defined. A sequence possessing both properties is said to be asymptotically random as no other sequence of the same period could be more random in these respects. An algorithm is presented which, for any Tausworthe sequence based on a primitive trinomial over GF(2), establishes how closely or otherwise the conditions necessary for the criteria are achieved. Given that the necessary conditions are achieved, the conditions sufficient for the first criterion are derived from Galois theory and always apply. For the second criterion, however, the period must be prime. An asymptotically random 23-bit number sequence of astronomic period, 2 607 - 1, is presented. An initialization program is required to provide 607 starting values, after which the sequence can be generated with a three-term recurrence of the Fibonacci type. In addition to possessing the theoretically demonstrable randomness properties associated with Tausworthe sequences, the sequence possesses equidistribution and multidimensional uniformity properties vastly in excess of anything that has yet been shown for conventional congruentially generated sequences. It is shown that, for samples of a size it is practicable to generate, there can exist no purely empirical test of the sequence as it stands capable of distinguishing between it and an ∞-distributed sequence. Bounds for local nonrandomness in respect of runs above (below) the mean and runs of equal numbers are established theoretically. The claimed randomness properties do not necessarily extend to subsequences, though it is not yet known which particular subsequences are at fault. Accordingly, the sequence is at present suggested only for simulations with no fixed dimensionality requirements.
Research on High-RAP Asphalt Mixtures with Rejuvenators and WMA Additives (2016)

This study is to evaluate the mechanical and chemical properties of the asphalt concrete (AC) mixture, fine aggregate matrix (FAM), and binder modified by three different rejuvenators and warm mix asphalt (WMA) additive.In this regard, for testing of AC mixtures, the dynamic modulus, dynamic creep, and semicircular bending (SCB) fracture tests were conducted.For testing of FAM mixtures, three types of strain-controlled torsional oscillatory shear tests (i.e., strain sweep, frequency sweep, and time sweep) and the static creeprecovery tests were employed for comparative purposes.For binders, the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, saturates-aromatics-resins-asphaltenes (SARA) analysis, dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to characterize the physicochemical and mechanical aspects of the asphalt binders.Based on test and analysis results, the rejuvenators can soften the materials, increase the rutting potential and may mitigate moisture damage resistance, while improving cracking and fatigue resistance of the asphaltic mixtures.A comparison between AC mixtures and corresponding FAM mixtures revealed the interrelationships between the two length scales.From the binder tests, it appears that the rejuvenators decrease either carbonyl or sulfoxide or both indices.Addition of rejuvenators to the mixture of recycled asphalt binder and virgin binder led to a decrease in the amount of asphaltenes.Furthermore, rejuvenators improved colloidal instability index (CII), which implies that the aged binder has become more stable due to rejuvenation.The AFM phase images of binders indicated that the softening effect of rejuvenators corresponds to the mechanical test results from DSR. 17.
<b>Neil Smith,</b><i>Chomsky</i>: <i>ideas and ideals</i>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999. Pp. viii+268. (2001)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Low-complexity motion-based saliency map estimation for perceptual video coding (2011)

In this paper, a low-complexity motion-based saliency map estimation method for perceptual video coding is proposed. The method employs a camera motion compensated vector map computed by means of a hierarchical motion estimation (HME) procedure and a Restricted Affine Transformation (RAT)-based modeling of the camera motion. To allow for a computationally efficient solution, the number of layers of the HME has been restricted and the potential unreliable motion vectors due to homogeneous regions have been detected and specially managed by means of a smooth block detector. Special care has been taken of the smoothness of the resulting compensated camera motion vector map to avoid unpleasant artifacts in the perceptually-coded sequence, by including a final post-processing based on morphological filtering. The proposed saliency map has been both visually and subjectively assessed showing quality improvements when used as a part of the H.264/AVC standard codec at medium-to-low bitrates.
Techniques for building dependable distributed systems: multi-version software testing (2002)

To investigate the effectiveness of serializable back-to-back testing and other issues in multiversion software systems, an experiment was performed. The authors discuss the use of multiple implementations for fault prevention throughout development, particularly during the testing phase. The specifications chosen were written in languages that meet industrial standards. The application is a communication protocol based on the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) layered model adopted by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in 1979. The OSI layered model is introduced, the generation of appropriate test cases is discussed, and the testing environment is presented. The serializable back-to-back testing paradigm is presented in detail, along with testing results.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Some applications of unsaturated soil mechanics (2011)

After a brief review of a number of developments of unsaturated soil mechanics, the paper presents some applications to engineering problems. The first case involves the collapse of a residual soil in
Brazil triggered by a water level increase caused by the filling of a dam reservoir. The second case analyzes the effects of rainfall on a natural slope in Ancona (Italy). The final case refers to the subsidence in the region of Ravenna related to the depletion of deep gas reservoirs. The ensemble of the cases described illustrates
the potential of unsaturated soil mechanics concepts for the understanding and reproduction of observed field behaviour.
Nuclear Energy - a Risk Assessment Perspective (1999)

Nuclear power is not a new technology. It has been used for electricity generation for nearly five decades. Internationally nuclear power has received renewed interest in recent times as an alternative to fossil fuels, particularly coal, because it doesn't produce greenhouse gases. The main aim of this paper is to explore an aspect of this debate that generally receives little attention but the awareness helps to keep the debate constructive.
Prenatal Diagnosis — When and How? (1992)

Advances in prenatal diagnosis provide new opportunities for patients and their physicians to distinguish the abnormal from the normal fetus. Demands from women to learn about their fetuses earlier in pregnancy have pushed investigators to identify new methods that are useful in the first trimester. The prenatal diagnosis of many disorders, such as the fragile X syndrome, cystic fibrosis, hemoglobinopathies, inborn errors of metabolism, and hundreds of mapped inherited syndromes, is possible today with the use of molecular techniques. However, the detection of Down's syndrome is still the primary reason women seek prenatal diagnosis. Parental decisions on how to respond . . .