gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Estimation of CO2 Transport Costs in South Korea Using a Techno-Economic Model (2015)

In this study, a techno–economic model was used to calculate the costs of CO2 transport and specify the major equipment required for transport in order to demonstrate and implement CO2 sequestration in the offshore sediments of South Korea. First, three different carbon capture and storage demonstration scenarios were set up involving the use of three CO2 capture plants and one offshore storage site. Each transport scenario considered both the pipeline transport and ship transport options. The temperature and pressure conditions of CO2 in each transport stage were determined from engineering and economic viewpoints, and the corresponding specifications and equipment costs were calculated. The transport costs for a 1 MtCO2/year transport rate were estimated to be US$33/tCO2 and US$28/tCO2 for a pipeline transport of ~530 km and ship transport of ~724 km, respectively. Through the economies of scale effect, the pipeline and ship transport costs for a transport rate of 3 MtCO2/year were reduced to approximately US$21/tCO2 and US$23/tCO2, respectively. A CO2 hub terminal did not significantly reduce the cost because of the short distance from the hub to the storage site and the small number of captured sources.
Uncooled Thermal Imaging Arrays, Systems, and Applications (2001)

The development of uncooled infrared focal plane arrays began with the military's need to see the battlefield at night without any form of illumination. The earliest detector arrays required cryogenic cooling. The move to uncooled systems began in the late 1970s and early 1980s with work at Honeywell Technological Center on thin film resistive bolometer arrays and at Texas Instruments on pyroelectric arrays and ferroelectric bolometer arrays. The author worked at Honeywell during the technology's formative period. Like all Tutorial Texts, this work is intended as an introduction for professionals and students. Topics covered include the principal uncooled thermal detection mechanisms; fundamental performance limits and theoretical performance; the state of the art in uncooled thermal detection; and applications, technical trends, and systems employing uncooled arrays.
New Right (2005)

Undoubtedly the many changes that conservatism in Britain has undergone since 1945 culminates in the preponderance of ‘classical liberal’ or New Right thinking, despite significant hostility to it. Of course, the long reign of Margaret Thatcher as Prime Minister, in which some of the main features of that paradigm were implemented, and adherents of the post-war collectivist consensus were gradually removed from leadership roles in the Party and lost influence as opinion leaders, was decisive. But that success represented a change in thinking widespread in the West. Indeed, the collapse of communism from 1989 was presaged by significant alterations in the public mood and official policy stances of even mildly collectivist governments. In this the Thatcherite Conservatives can take much credit for pioneering some ideas, especially privatisation and the attempt to reduce the size of government, which became the prevailing features of modern conservatism wherever it is found. Equally significant is the fact that even socialists have significantly modified their collectivism and admitted certain features of classical liberalism into their doctrine. The true ancestor of modern conservatism might be the great nineteenth-century liberal, and man of principle, William Gladstone, rather than his rival, the deliberately non-ideological and unprincipled Benjamin Disraeli.
Long-Range Propagation of Plasmon Polaritons in a Thin Metal Film on a One-Dimensional Photonic Crystal Surface (2006)

We present experimental results on ultralong-range surface plasmon polaritons, propagating in a thin metal film on a one-dimensional (1D) photonic crystal surface over a distance of several millimeters. This propagation length is about 2 orders of magnitude higher than the one in the ordinary Kretschmann configuration at the same optical frequency. We show that a long-range surface plasmon polaritons propagation may take place not only in a (quasi)symmetrical scheme, where a thin metal film is located between two media with (approximately) the same refraction index, but also in a scheme where the thin metal film is located between an appropriate 1D photonic crystal and an arbitrary (air, water, etc.) medium. The ultralong-range surface plasmon polaritons are potentially important for biosensors, plasmonics, and other applications.
A CMOS VLSI Implementation of an Asynchronous ALU (1993)

A CMOS self-timed ALU has been developed as part of an asynchronous implementation of the ARM microprocessor. This unit exploits the data dependency inherent in many arithmetic operations to enable a small, simple ALU to deliver a mean performance comparable with that of a more sophisticated synchronous one with consequent reductions in both silicon area and electrical power consumption. The self-timed nature of the unit means that the majority of operations complete quickly whilst allowing rare `worst-case&apos; operations to take longer, maintaining a high average throughput. This paper presents instruction usage statistics to justify the claimed performance and SPICE simulation results of measurements taken from the layout. Keyword Codes: B.2.0; B.2.1; B.7.1 Keywords: Arithmetic and Logic Structures, General; Arithmetic and Logic Structures, Design Styles,Integrated Circuits, Types and Design Styles 1. INTRODUCTION The ever-increasing availability of high performance processing has led ...
Fast and subpixel precise blob detection and attribution (2005)

This paper introduces an algorithm for fast and subpixel precise detection of small, compact image primitives ("blobs"). The algorithm is based on differential geometry and incorporates a complete scale-space description. Hence, blobs of arbitrary size can be extracted by just adjusting the scale parameter. In addition to center point and boundary of a blob, also a number of attributes are extracted. These describe the specific blob characteristics in more detail and, thus, allow for a subsequent classification of blobs. Several examples on real images illustrate the performance of the proposed algorithm.
On the relation between subglottal pressure and fundamental frequency in phonation (1989)

The change in fundamental frequency with subglottal pressure in phonation is quantified on the basis of the ratio between vibrational amplitude and vocal fold length. This ratio is typically very small in stringed instruments, but becomes quite appreciable in vocal fold vibration. Tension in vocal fold tissues is, therefore, not constant over the vibratory cycle, and a dynamic tension gives rise to amplitude-frequency dependence. It is shown that the typical 2-6 Hz/cm H2O rise in fundamental frequency with subglottal pressure observed in human and canine larynges is a direct and predictable consequence of this amplitude-frequency dependence. Results are presently limited to phonation in the chest register.
General Physical Properties of Ribosomes (1974)

INTRODUCTION This chapter is concerned with the morphology and structure of ribosomes, as revealed by physicochemical techniques. To attempt a comprehensive review of all reported measurements would be a formidable and unrewarding task. Rather, we feel that what is needed at this point is a critical review, which selects those observations that appear to be best documented. We shall attempt to correlate and interrelate these observations in such a manner as to provide a comprehensive picture of what we now know, or think we know, about ribosome structure. In doing this, we are almost forced into proposing tentative models. These models may be useful, not because our knowledge of ribosome structure is complete, but because it is incomplete. Models provide a means of summarizing existing data in a way that provokes further questions and of focusing on the areas of our ignorance. Finally, they allow concentration on the interrelation between structure and function. We believe that our knowledge of ribosome structure is now at the stage where such questions can be seriously considered. STRUCTURE OF E. COLI RIBOSOMES Scope and Difficulties In this section, we shall limit discussion to the 70S ribosomes of E. coli and the 50S and 30S subunits thereof. While we recognize that the ribosomes of other prokaryotes and eukaryotes may be of equal or greater interest to many, it is only with the E. coli particles that enough precise information has been gathered to present a coherent picture of physical properties. We presume, with some evidence...
An Age-Stable Feed Yarn for Draw Texturing by the False-Twisting Process 1 (1975)

Coupled drawing and false-twist texturing of undrawn polyester yarns offers potential for better dye and bulk uni formi'ty, higher fabric stretch and bulk, and reduced texturing costs. However, the well known age instability of un drawn polyester yarn makes difficult the use of draw texturing by throwsters. The research on which this paper is based defined a feed yam for draw texturing with the age stability required to permit throwsters to use the draw texturing process. The new feed yam is described, and the structural morphology responsible for its age stability is discussed. Results of accelerated laboratory ageing experiments are reported and related to severe warehouse storage exposures. Information is presented on the draw texturing process needed to handle the new yarn and on its textured yarn properties. Product advantages resulting from the draw textured yarns are illustrated.
Human fall-down event detection based on 2D skeletons and deep learning approach (2018)

The goal of this research is to apply the state-of-the-art deep learning approach to human fall-down event detection based on 2D skeletons extracted from RGB sequence. In this paper, we adopt convolutional neural network (CNN) to extract humans' 2D skeletons for each input frame and then employ recurrent neural network (RNN) with Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) state cells to process temporal skeleton series to make best use of not only spatial features but also temporal information to classify each short-term action to five categories, i.e., standing, walking, falling, lying, and rising. After simple rule processing, the consecutive RNN outputs can be used to detect human's long-term actions (falling down event) and determine whether to issue an alarm or not. The accuracy of classification into 5 sub-actions is capable of achieving 90%. Our contributions lie on two aspects: (1) improving the performance on short-term human action recognition based on the combination of CNN and RNN/LSTM, (2) excluding the fall-down events that actually need no help and achieving a lower false alarm rate.
Analyzing Liquid Pouring Sequences via Audio-Visual Neural Networks (2019)

Existing work to estimate the weight of a liquid poured into a target container often require predefined source weights or visual data. We present novel audio-based and audio-augmented techniques, in the form of multimodal convolutional neural networks (CNNs), to estimate poured weight, perform overflow detection, and classify liquid and target container. Our audio-based neural network uses the sound from a pouring sequence-a liquid being poured into a target container. Audio inputs consist of converting raw audio into mel-scaled spectrograms. Our audio-augmented network fuses this audio with its corresponding visual data based on video images. Only a microphone and camera are required, which can be found in any modern smartphone or Microsoft Kinect. Our approach improves classification accuracy for different environments, containers, and contents of the robot pouring task. Our Pouring Sequence Neural Networks (PSNN) are trained and tested using the Rethink Robotics Baxter Research Robot. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first use of audio-visual neural networks to analyze liquid pouring sequences by classifying their weight, liquid, and receiving container.
Topological aspects of two-dimensional quantum systems (2014)

In part I, we describe a protected qubit which is realized in a two-dimensional array of Josephson junctions. Our construction is the magnetic analogue of (‘dual’ to) a suggestion of a superconducting current mirror qubit (Kitaev,2006b). Our proposal therefore inherits the intrinsic fault-tolerance of the current mirror qubit, but may perform better than it in the laboratory, since magnetic\nnoise is generally less of a problem than electric noise. We adapt the scheme for universal fault-tolerant quantum computation proposed by Kitaev to our construction.\n\nIn part II, we describe a method of detecting the Chern number and entanglement properties of topological four-component free-fermion systems in cold atom experiments. We show that the Chern number of these systems decomposes into a sum of subsystem winding numbers which can be measured from time-of-flight images. Such images also enable the degree of subsystem entanglement in, and the component entanglement spectra of, these systems to be measured. The method is applied to the quantum spin-Hall insulator and\na staggered topological superconductor. We find that the phase diagrams are accurately reproduced, except when the subsystems are highly entangled.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphopodia and germinated spore exudates trigger Ca<sup>2+</sup> spiking in the legume and nonlegume root epidermis (2010)

• The aim of this study was to investigate Ca(2+) responses to endosymbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in the host root epidermis following pre-infection hyphopodium formation in both legumes and nonlegumes, and to determine to what extent these responses could be mimicked by germinated fungal spore exudate. • Root organ cultures of both Medicago truncatula and Daucus carota, expressing the nuclear-localized cameleon reporter NupYC2.1, were used to monitor AM-elicited Ca(2+) responses in host root tissues. • Ca(2+) spiking was observed in cells contacted by AM hyphopodia for both hosts, with highest frequencies correlating with the epidermal nucleus positioned facing the fungal contact site. Treatment with AM spore exudate also elicited Ca(2+) spiking within the AM-responsive zone of the root and, in both cases, spiking was dependent on the M. truncatula common SYM genes DMI1/2, but not on the rhizobial Nod factor perception gene NFP. • These findings support the conclusion that AM fungal root penetration is preceded by a SYM pathway-dependent oscillatory Ca(2+) response, whose evolutionary origin predates the divergence between asterid and rosid clades. Our results further show that fungal symbiotic signals are already generated during spore germination, and that cameleon-expressing root organ cultures represent a novel AM-specific bio-assay for such signals.
Closed Cycle Gas Turbine Systems in Europe (1977)

A review on the status of closed cycle turbine research and development in Europe is given. Closed cycle turbines utilizing air as a working fluid, either coal, gas or oil fired have been used in the past for electricity generation and as additional sources for district heating. The newer developments employ helium as a working fluid. The gas is heated by a large sophisticated gas heater at present. However, the final intention is to use turbines in connection with the high temperature gas cooled nuclear reactors. Marine applications for gas turbines exist and are discussed in the report. (Author)
Timing and delay spread estimation scheme in OFDM systems (2008)

In this paper, a scheme for symbol timing estimation and delay spread estimation using subblock correlation is proposed in the OFDM systems. The subblock correlation between the cyclic prefix and data symbol is applied to estimate symbol timing and the length of delay spread. Under a multipath fading channel referred to the OFDM multipath channel model in the standard of IEEE 802.11a/g WLAN, the results show that performance with the proposed scheme is better than that with Beek's scheme. In addition, the length of the delay spread could be estimated in the proposed scheme. Hence, in order to increase the bandwidth efficiency, the length of cyclic prefix could be adaptively assigned in the OFDM system.
The Androgen Receptor Gene Mutations Database (1998)

The current version of the androgen receptor (AR) gene mutations database is described. The total number of reported mutations has risen from 272 to 309 in the past year. We have expanded the database: (i) by giving each entry an accession number; (ii) by adding information on the length of polymorphic polyglutamine (polyGln) and polyglycine (polyGly) tracts in exon 1; (iii) by adding information on large gene deletions; (iv) by providing a direct link with a completely searchable database (courtesy EMBL-European Bioinformatics Institute). The addition of the exon 1 polymorphisms is discussed in light of their possible relevance as markers for predisposition to prostate or breast cancer. The database is also available on the internet (http://www.
Fifty Years of Experience with Propylthiouracil-Associated Hepatotoxicity: What Have We Learned?1 (1997)

The aim of this study was to determine the optimal management of patients with propylthiouracil (PTU) hepatotoxicity. A MEDLINE search for English language cases of PTU hepatotoxicity between 1966 and April 1996 was performed, and additional cases were cross-referenced. Twenty-seven cases were selected based on the availability of information on patient management after the onset of hepatotoxicity. Eighty-five percent of the selected cases met this criterion. A detailed summary of the management of two cases of PTU hepatotoxicity at our institutions is also provided. Although most patients recovered once PTU was stopped, seven patients died. Patients with PTU hepatotoxicity who survived were more likely to have received 131I during the course of their illness than those who died (P < 0.03, by Fisher's exact test). In our two patients, hyperbilirubinemia was linearly associated with progressively decreasing T4 levels (r = 0.91; P < 0.001) despite the presence of clinical thyrotoxicosis in one of the patients. These findings demonstrate the need for appropriate clinical evaluation and treatment of thyroid disease during the course of hepatotoxicity. Additionally, we report the first pediatric patient with PTU hepatotoxicity to undergo liver transplantation. The emerging role of liver transplantation in these patients is discussed.
Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 2/3‐mediated IL‐8‐dependent angiogenesis in cervical cancer cells (2011)

The expression of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA)-specific receptors in cervical cancer has not been clearly defined. In this study, we identified LPA1, LPA2 and LPA3 receptors' mRNA in SiHa, HeLa and CaSki cell lines by RT-PCR. These receptors were not associated with tumor cell proliferation in vitro. We then used a xenograph animal model to evaluate the effects of these receptors on in vivo cervical cancer tumorigenicity. When SiHa cells with different receptor expression patterns were seeded on the backs of SCID mice, the resulting knockout of both LPA2 and LPA3 significantly attenuated tumor growth; this decrease in tumor growth was found to be linked with decreased angiogenesis (microvessel density), suggesting that LPA2 and LPA3 are crucial for in vivo tumor growth through an angiogenic mechanism. We further investigated this mechanism of LPA receptor 2/3-mediated angiogenic capability by analyzing angiogenic factors in protein lysates from receptor knockout tumors, by detecting interleukin (IL-8) mRNA expression after treating with siRNA, by evaluating the biological role of LPA-enhanced IL-8 via endothelial cell tube formation, monolayer permeability, migration and cell growth assays, and by IL-8 knockout xenograft mice modeling. We found that the angiogenesis is mediated through IL-8. Finally, we evaluated the regulation pathways involved in LPA-induced IL-8 expression. We found that LPA receptor 2/3-mediated IL-8 expression occurs through Gi/PI3K/AKT, Gi/PKC and IκB/NF-κB signaling. In conclusion, we propose that LPA2 and LPA3 might play an important role in cervical cancer tumor growth through IL-8-dependent angiogenesis.
Butorphanol (Stadol) (1997)

Butorphanol (Stadol, Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Princeton, NJ) is a synthetically derived opiate. As a nasal spray, it was approved for release in 1991 and was subsequently promoted as a safe treatment for migraine. Since then, there have been numerous reports of problems with butorphanol similar to those of any narcotic, especially dependence-addiction and major psychological disturbances. These problems have been documented by the Food and Drug Administration, but the information can be obtained only through the Freedom of Information Act. The experience with butorphanol indicates the need for physicians to have additional sources of information about drugs than are presently available.
Labor Emigration and the Accumulation and Transfer of Human Capital (1993)

"This article examines the processes involved in the acquisition and transfer of human capital by Filipino overseas workers.... In the four major occupational groupings (seamen, production/construction workers, domestic helpers and entertainers), little homeward transmission of human capital has been identified.... Because of the high rate of unemployment in the economy, the outflow of workers has had no observable impact on domestic wage rates."
Mutational Spectrometry In Animal Toxicity Testing (1990)

Due to the massive data sets available for drug candidates, modern drug discovery has advanced to the big data era. Central to this shift is the development of artificial intelligence approaches to implementing innovative modeling based on the dynamic, ...Read More
Hypersonic Vehicles - Past, Present and Future Developments (2019)

In the aviation field there is great interest in high-speed vehicle design. Hypersonic vehicles represent the next frontier of passenger transportation to and from space. However, several design issues must be addressed, including vehicle aerodynamics and aerothermodynamics, aeroshape design optimization, aerodynamic heating, boundary layer transition, and so on. This book contains valuable contributions focusing on hypervelocity aircraft design. Topics covered include hypersonic aircraft aerodynamic and aerothermodynamic design, especially aeroshape design optimization, computational fluid dynamics, and scramjet propulsion. The book also discusses high-speed flow issues and the challenges to achieving the dream of affordable hypersonic travel. It is hoped that the information contained herein will allow for the development of safe and efficient hypersonic vehicles.
The Assessment of Composition: Style and Experience (1990)

This article compares two very different GCSE compositions, and various ways to assess them. The type of emphasis which examination boards, teachers and moderators place upon different musical styles, and different musical skills, has radical consequences for the type of marks we are likely to allot; and the system of music education itself throws up some significant ironies concerning the future opportunities of candidates.
Non-uniformity correction algorithm based on bilateral filter histogram equalization (2013)

The traditional infrared focal plane adaptive correction algorithm has target degradation problem and its convergence time is too long. Aiming at this problem, infrared focal plane adaptive nonuniformity correction algorithm based on bilateral filter histogram equalization was proposed. By analyzing infrared focal plane response characteristics, a statistical model of the infrared focal plane array response was created. According to the model, a single pixel time-domain statistical histogram was calculated firstly, then bilateral filter was fused to get the mean of the neighborhood histogram, and non-uniformity correction was completed using the mean histogram equalization. According to the practical application,this algorithm has the advantage of the strong ability to eliminate the image degradation, fast convergence speed and high precision.