gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Detection of the Novel Metabolite Ethylphenidate After Methylphenidate Overdose With Alcohol Coingestion (1999)

Methylphenidate is the most commonly prescribed psychostimulant in clinical use today. Known methylphenidate metabolites include ritalinic acid, corresponding lactams, and p-hydroxymethylphenidate. Recent in vitro work using rat liver preparations has indicated that the methylphenidate ethyl ester, ethylphenidate, is formed upon incubation with ethanol. This report describes the first detection of ethylphenidate in human blood and liver samples obtained from two suicide victims who had overdosed on methylphenidate and coingested ethanol. Amounts of ethylphenidate detected in whole blood specimens in these two cases (8 ng/mL and 1 ng/mL, respectively) were small relative to methylphenidate and ritalinic acid concentrations. Nonetheless, given the high likelihood that methylphenidate and ethanol coingestion frequently occurs, the detection of ethylphenidate in humans warrants further investigation into the extent of its formation as well as into any associated toxicity in nonoverdose situations.
Molecular Modeling for Drug Design (2000)

Computer-aided molecular modeling (CAMM) has proven to be a highly valuable tool for rational drug design. Main applications of CAMM come from structure-based drug design (if 3D information of the target molecule is available) and QSAR (Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship). More recently new methods for the de novo design of ligands have been developed, e.g. LUDI, CAVEAT, etc. In addition new CAMM tools are now available that enable structure-based design of combinatorial libraries followed by high-throughput computational docking at the target binding site to select the most promising candidate ligands for chemical synthesis. The purpose of the mini-symposium was to illustrate to chemists from both industry and academia the current possibilities, limitations, and future developments in the molecular modeling area.
Metallothionein of Prostatic Tissues and Fluids in Rats and Humans. (1992)

We analyzed metallothionein (MT) in rat prostates by gel filtration and radioimmunoassay. The concentration of MT in the prostate, kidney and liver of cadmium-induced rats was measured. The concentration of MT was also measured in normal prostate, benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostate cancer and the prostatic fluids from various prostatic diseases in humans. MT was detected in rat prostates by gel filtration and radioimmunoassay. The concentration of MT (micrograms/g wet tissue) was 0.3 +/- 0.1 (S.D.) in the ventral lobe, 30.4 +/- 24.0 in the lateral lobe, 5.2 +/- 0.9 in the dorsal lobe, 25.0 +/- 6.4 in the kidney and 2.0 +/- 1.5 in the liver of the rat control group. Change in MT content in CdCl2-induced organs increased quantitatively with the dose administered. The concentration of MT (micrograms/g wet tissue) in human prostate was 99.3 +/- 121.8 in the peripheral zone (PZ), 12.0 +/- 8.5 in the preprostatic region (PR), 7.3 +/- 3.1 in the central zone (CZ), 17.5 +/- 15.0 in benign hyperplastic nodules (A) and 4.2 +/- 0.5 in cancer tissue (CA). MT concentration in PZ was very high and that of CA, low (p less than 0.05). MT concentration in prostatic fluids (ng/mg protein) was 11.5 +/- 5.7 in normal patients, 3.8 +/- 2.3 in acute prostatitis, 6.5 +/- 3.7 in chronic prostatitis with pyuria, 39.6 +/- 3.9 in chronic prostatitis without pyuria and 16.9 +/- 3.0 in benign prostatic hyperplasia. We concluded that MT in the prostate is induced by heavy metals and secreted into prostatic fluid. Possibly, it is a marker of secretory function in the prostate.
Mechanical reliability evaluation of alternate motors for use in a radioiodine air sampler (1984)

After over a decade of development, mRNA has recently matured into a potent modality for therapeutics. The advantages of mRNA therapeutics, including their rapid development and scalability, have been highlighted due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, in which the first two clinically approved mRNA vaccines have been spotlighted. These vaccines, as well as multiple other mRNA therapeutic candidates, are modified to modulate their immunogenicity, stability, and translational efficiency. Despite the importance of mRNA modifications for harnessing the full efficacy of mRNA drugs, the full breadth of potential modifications has yet to be explored clinically. In this review, we survey the field of mRNA modifications, highlighting their ability to tune the properties of mRNAs. These include cap and tail modifications, nucleoside substitutions, and chimeric mRNAs, each of which represents a component of mRNA that can be exploited for modification. Additionally, we cover clinical and preclinical trials of the modified mRNA platform not only to illustrate the promise of modified mRNAs but also to call attention to the room for diversifying future therapeutics.
Thermal Conductivity Measurements of Solid Sb<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>3</sub> by Hot-Strip Method (2010)

The thermal conductivity of solid Sb 2 Te 3 has been measured by the hot strip method from room temperature to 789 K. The thermal conductivity of solid Sb 2 Te 3 decreases with an increase in temperature up to approximately 500 K and then increases. It is proposed that phonon thermal conduction dominates the heat transport around room temperature although other mechanisms such as electron and ambipolar diffusion are also in operation. Ambipolar diffusion is thought to be more dominant at higher temperature and contributes to the increase in the thermal conductivity.
Pulmonary Nodules: Experimental and Clinical Studies at Low-Dose CT (1999)

Pulmonary nodules were detected reliably at CT with 50 mA and pitch of 2 or with 25 mA and a pitch of 1. However, further reduction of the dose to that used at chest radiography was associated with a significant decrease in the number of nodules 5 mm or smaller that were detected, possibly due to artifacts.
On some properties of a check digit system (2012)

In this paper, we consider check digit systems which are based on the use of elementary abelian p-groups of order p <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</sup> . The work is inspired by a recently introduced check digit system for hexadecimal numbers. By interpreting its check equation in terminology of matrix algebra, we generalize the idea to build systems over a group of order p <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</sup> , while keeping the ability to detect all the 1) single errors, 2) adjacent transpositions, 3) twin errors, 4) jump transpositions and 5) jump twin errors. Besides, we consider two categories of jump errors: t-jump transpositions and t-jump twin errors, which include and further extend the double error types of 2)-5). In particular, we explore the capacity range of the system to detect these two kinds of generalized jump errors, and demonstrate that it is 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</sup> - 3 for p = 2 and (p <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</sup> -1)/2-2 for an odd prime p. Also, we show how to build such a system that detects all the single errors and these two kinds of double jump-errors within the capacity range.
956. Syntheses and properties of derivatives of dibenzofuran and dibenzothiophen. Part I. Monophenyl derivatives (1962)

E. B. McCall, A. J. Neale and T. J. Rawlings, J. Chem. Soc., 1962, 4900 DOI: 10.1039/JR9620004900
Aberration-free Imaging by Coherent Diffractive Imaging (2006)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2006 in Chicago, Illinois, USA, July 30 – August 3, 2006
A compact microstrip λ/4-SIR interdigital bandpass filter with extended stopband (2004)

This paper presents a new microstrip interdigital bandpass filter using /spl lambda//4 stepped impedance resonator (SIR) to achieve both size reduction and stopband extension. It is shown that as the low-impedance to high-impedance ratio is maintained smaller than unity, fundamental f/sub 0/ and the first spurious f/sub s/ shift to the lower and higher frequency value respectively, thus extending the rejection band, as in the case of /spl lambda//2-SIR. Unequal lengths spurlines are embedded into the resonators where additional transmission zeros can be realized in the spurious passband such that the upper rejection band can be further extended. A 3/sup rd/ order Butterworth bandpass filter centered at 700MHz with spurious response up to 4f/sub 0/ is simulated and measured to demonstrate the proposed design usefulness.
ChemInform Abstract: COORDINATION AND REDUCTION OF NITRIC OXIDE ON A COBALT TETRAPHENYLPORPHYRIN IMIDAZOLE COMPLEX (1982)

Abstract Mittels IR‐ und UV‐Spektroskopie wird die NO‐Adduktbildung mit an Imidazol‐enthaltenden SiO 2 ‐Katalysatoren gebundenem Co‐tetraphenylporphyrin untersucht.
Integrated cryogenic current comparator based on superconductor LSI technology (2010)

A new implementation of Sullivan-Dziuba type cryogenic current comparators (CCCs) is proposed. We designed an integrated CCC device consisting of a thin-film CCC, a pick-up coil and a SQUID sensor on a single chip. Prototype devices were fabricated by using a superconductor multilayer integrated circuit technology with chemical-mechanical polishing processes.
Epilogue (1998)

Now that we have finished reading the more than 600 pages in the two volumes of this book describing the progress and the most recent advances in the use of transition metals in organic synthesis, it is time to discuss some very fundamental questions: What did we learn? Where are the major achievements? Which directions shall we take now?
Properties of microelectromagnet mirrors as reflectors of cold Rb atoms (1999)

Cryogenically cooled microelectromagnet mirrors were used to reflect a cloud of free-falling laser-cooled ${}^{85}\mathrm{Rb}$ atoms at normal incidence. The mirrors consisted of microfabricated current-carrying Au wires in a periodic serpentine pattern on a sapphire substrate. The fluorescence from the atomic cloud was imaged after it had bounced off a mirror. The transverse width of the cloud reached a local minimum at an optimal current corresponding to minimum mirror roughness. A distinct increase in roughness was found for mirror configurations with an even versus odd number of lines. These observations confirm theoretical predictions.
Further Evidence of an Association Between Attention‐Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Cigarette Smoking (1997)

The authors investigated the relationship between attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and cigarette smoking in siblings of ADHD and non‐ADHD probands. They conducted a 4‐year follow‐up of siblings from ADHD and control‐group families. In the siblings of ADHD probands, ADHD was associated with higher rates and earlier onset of cigarette smoking. There was also a significant positive association between cigarette smoking and conduct disorder, major depression, and drug abuse in the siblings, even after adjusting for confounding variables. Moreover, smoking was found to be familial among ADHD families but not control‐group families. Our findings indicate that ADHD is a risk factor for early initiation of cigarette smoking in the high‐risk siblings of ADHD probands.
Isoniazid Blood Levels in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis at a Tuberculosis Referral Center (2010)

Based on the result of this study, plasma INH concentrations were not within the therapeutic range for 37.80% of the patients on conventional therapy. Therefore therapeutic drug monitoring may be needed to optimize INH dosage, especially in patients with inadequate clinical response or toxicity to INH.
Deposition of demanding optical coatings on curved substrates (2019)

The paper addresses the deposition of high precision optical coatings on curved substrates, i.e. lenses. A band pass filter on the convex side of a lens with a constant central wavelength across the surface was produced. The coating also has a broad blocking range from 360 to 1100nnm. A combination of a sub-rotation and uniformity masks was used. The shape of the masks was designed with the particle-in cell Monte Carlo method described in. The existing model framework was expanded to compute deposition profiles on moving 3D substrates. Some surprising effects regarding the behavior the magnetron system were also observed. An excellent agreement of theory with experiment could be reached when full 3D plasma simulation is applied.
Decreased Levels of Bisecting GlcNAc Glycoforms of IgG Are Associated with Human Longevity (2010)

We here describe IgG glycoforms associated with calendar age at all ages and the propensity for longevity before middle age. As modulation of IgG effector functions has been described for various IgG glycosylation features, a modulatory effect may be expected for the longevity marker described in this study.
Blast Injuries to the Facial Nerve (1994)

The recommended treatment of penetrating traumatic facial nerve injuries associated with immediate, total paralysis of the ipsilateral facial muscles generally includes facial nerve exploration and repair. We reviewed our experience with bullet injuries to the extratemporal facial nerve to determine the efficacy of this approach. Five patients with immediate, total facial nerve paralysis caused by bullet wounds near the extratemporal facial nerve were seen between July 1990 and December 1992. Of four patients who underwent surgical exploration, only one demonstrated complete transection of the facial nerve. Two of these four were followed up with serial electroneuronography, which demonstrated complete degeneration within the first week after injury. The fifth patient was followed up with serial electroneuronography without complete degeneration, and partial recovery was observed. We conclude that penetrating bullet injuries with immediate, total facial paralysis may not necessarily be associated with transection of the facial nerve. We propose a method of treating patients with these injuries using electroneuronography.
On finding a minimum weight cycle basis with cycles of bounded length (2010)

Language of publication: en
Comparison of corneal power obtained from VERION image-guided surgery system and four other devices (2017)

None of the VERION parameters were significantly different from those of AL-Scan and LenStar. AL-Scan (2.4 mm zone) was especially similar to VERION. Wide LOAs are potential contributors to axis error in patients with toric IOL implants.
Low dimensional thermoelectrics (2002)

Enhanced ZT has been predicted theoretically for low dimensional electronic systems under appropriate experimental conditions. Enhanced ZT has been observed experimentally within 2D quantum wells of PbTe, and good agreement between theory and experiment has been obtained. The advantages of low dimensional systems for thermoelectric applications are described, and prospects for further enhancement of ZT are discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,3‐DIPOLARE CYCLOADDITIONEN 66. MITT. 1,3,4‐DIOXAZOLE AUS NITRILOXIDEN UND CARBONYLVERBINDUNGEN (1972)

Abstract Werden die Aldehyde (III) mit dem Nitriloxid (II) umgesetzt, so entstehen die Dioxazole (IV) neben den entsprechenden Furoxanen, wobei die störende Dimerisation des Nitriloxids zurückgedrängt werden kann, wenn das Nitriloxid (II) in situ aus dem Hydroximsäurechlorid (I) mit Triäthylamin erzeugt wird.
Allopregnanolone, a progesterone metabolite, enhances behavioral recovery and decreases neuronal loss after traumatic brain injury (2004)

Purpose: In the current study we investigated whether allopregnanolone, a metabolite of progesterone, could replicate progesterone's beneficial effects in promoting spatial learning ability after bilateral medial prefrontal cortex contusions in rats. Allopregnanolone has been shown to enhance GABA neurotransmission, whereas its isomer epiallopregnanolone does not have this property. Thus, epiallopregnanolone was chosen as a control substance to examine further the role of GABA transmission in post-trauma neuroprotection. Methods: After the contusion, rats were given 4 mg/kg treatment of either allopregnanolone or epiallopregnanolone for five consecutive days beginning 1hr post-injury. Control groups only received vehicle treatment at the same time points. A spatial learning task (Morris Water Maze, MWM) was performed at 7 days post-injury for 10 days. Subsequent histological analyses of brain tissue were conducted to determine quantitatively the neuronal losses in both the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus (MDN) and the nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM). Results: Allopregnanolone-treated rats showed better performance in the MWM compared to the vehicle-treated injury group. The histological analyses also revealed that the allopregnanolone-treated injury group had less neuronal loss in both the MDN and the NBM compared to the vehicle-treated injury group. In contrast, epiallopregnanolone did not facilitate MWM performance or reduce neuronal loss in the MDN and the NBM after TBI. Conclusion: Based on our findings, we suggest that allopregnanolone may mediate the effects of progesterone in promoting cognitive and morphological recovery from TBI through, among others, its direct or indirect effects on GABA-modulated neurons in the MDN and the NBM.
Effects of Wind Speed and Angle on Fire Spread along Privacy Fences (2016)

Certain commercial entities, equipment, or materials may be identified in this document in order to describe an experimental procedure or concept adequately. Such identification is not intended to imply
Multimedia Group Communication Evolution: PoC2, XDM2, Presence 2 and Simple IM (2008)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Architectural Elements of OMA PoC2 OMA XDMv2 OMA Presence Version 2 OMA SIMPLE Messaging Summary and Conclusions References
Controlled FRET efficiency in nano-bio hybrid materials made from semiconductor quantum dots and bacteriorhodopsin (2012)

Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between CdSe/ZnS core/shell quantum dots (QDs) and the photochromic protein bacteriorhodopsin (bR) in its natural purple membrane (PM) has been modulated by independent tuning of the Förster radius, overlap integral of the donor emission spectrum and acceptor absorption spectrum, and the distance between the donor (QD) and acceptor (bR retinal). The results have shown that the observed energy transfer from QDs to bR corresponds to that predicted by a multiple-acceptors geometric model describing the FRET phenomenon for QDs quasi-epitaxied on a crystalline lattice of bR trimers. Linking of QDs and bR via streptavidin–biotin linkers of different lengths caused FRET with an efficiency reaching 82%, strongly exceeding the values predicted by the classical FRET theory. The data not only demonstrate the possibility of nano-bioengineering of efficient hybrid materials with controlled energy-transfer properties, but also emphasize the necessity to develop an advanced theory of nano–bio energy transfer that would explain experimental effects contradicting the existing theoretical models.
Nanocrystalline TiO<sub>2</sub> Electrodes Exhibiting High Storage Capacity and Stability in Rechargeable Lithium Batteries (1994)

Nanocrystalline TiO 2 films were explored for the first time as electrode material for a rechargeable lithium intercalation cell, i.e., Li/LiCF 3 SO 3 + PC/TiO 2 . Two kinds of nanocrystalline films, TiO 2 F387 (Degussa) and TiO 2 colloid‐240, were investigated. These films exhibited excellent performance renderings them a promising choice for secondary battery applications. At a current density of 0.01 mA/cm 2 , two voltage plateaus at 1.78 and 1.89 V were observed for TiO 2 F387 films during charge and discharge, respectively. The TiO 2 electrode charge capacity per unit weight rose with decreasing current density. The highest capacity, obtained at a current density of 0.005 mA/cm 2 and a final discharge voltage of 1.4 V, was 265 mAh/g corresponding to a lithium insertion ratio of x = 0.8. Nanocrystalline TiO 2 colloid‐240 films showed a similar performance. The cycle life of a TiO 2 colloid‐240 cell at a high current density was found to be excellent; a capacity loss lower than 14% has been observed over 100 charge/discharge cycles.
Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Full Depth Asphalt Pavement (2008)

Based on the pavement structure three-dimensional model through finite-element calculation software(ANSYS), the representative full-depth asphalt pavement and asphalt pavement with semi-rigid base are analyzed in the aspect of mechanical response under the action of vehicle load. It can be known that the full-depth asphalt pavement is better than the asphalt pavement with semi-rigid in anti-fatigue damage and permanent deformation, what′s more, the lifespan is longer. It has brighter application prospect.
Supplementary File: An Adaptable Device for Scalable Electrospinning of Low- and High-Viscosity Solutions (2019)

Supplementary File: An Adaptable Device for Scalable Electrospinning of Low- and High-Viscosity Solutions
Interleukin 2 in cell‐mediated immune responses (1980)

The lymphokine Interleukin 2(IL2) restores T cell responses in a number of in vitro systems where immunogenicity has been compromised. UV irradiation of the stimulating allogeneic cells in a mixed leukocyte culture eliminates the production of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and greatly reduces the DNA synthesis response. IL2 restores both parameters. UV-irradiated stimulators are also unable to induce the normal production of IL2 which is observed in a mixed leukocyte culture. The cytotoxic activity of allogeneically stimulated thymocytes is almost completely lost within 24 hours after removal of IL2 at 5 days, indicating that the lymphokine is continuously required to maintain CTL. Thymocytes in 4-day cultures do not adsorb IL2 unless they are simultaneously activated with a mitogen. Finally, IL2 does not adequately restore a secondary response to the purified protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD) in adherent-cell-depleted cultures, indicating that macrophages, in addition to being required for IL2 production, have other functions. These probably include the presentation of soluble antigens to responding cells.
Computer interface to use head and eyeball movement for handicapped people (2002)

In this paper we propose a computer interface device for handicapped people. Input signals of the interface device are movements of eyeballs and head of the handicapped. The movements of the eyeballs and head are detected by an image processing system. One feature of our system is that the operator is not obliged to wear any burdensome device like glasses and a helmet. The sensing performance of the image processing of the eyeballs and head is evaluated through experiments. Experimental results reveal the applicability of our system.
ltiple Choice Questions for Theoretical Development of Fast Fourier Transforms (2011)

Take a test on Theoretical Development of Fast Fourier Transforms. The test is based on six levels of Bloom's Taxonomy
Computación cuántica modular. Un ambicioso programa de investigación intenta construir un ordenador cuántico a partir de la conexión de múltiples componentes diminutos. (2016)

La principal dificultad para construir un ordenador cuantico funcional reside en que, al juntar un numero cada vez mayor de particulas, estas pierden sus propiedades cuanticas.

La computacion cuantica modular intenta vincular multiples ordenadores cuanticos pequenos mediante conexiones minimas que no arruinen su comportamiento cuantico.

Varias estrategias basadas en distintos tipos de qubits han demostrado resultar exitosas a pequena escala. Tal vez pronto logren extenderse para formar sistemas mayores.