gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
How to avoid unintended increase of posterior slope in navigation-assisted open-wedge high tibial osteotomy. (2007)

Open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO) with navigation provides accurate axial alignment correction in the frontal plane but can cause an unintended increase of the proximal tibial slope. This study examined the plausibility of preserving the original posterior slope of the proximal tibia during navigation-assisted open-wedge HTO. Three-dimensional virtual HTO preserving the original posterior slope was simulated and the opening gaps measured. Forty cases of navigation-assisted open HTO for unicompartmental osteoarthritis were performed maintaining an anterior opening gap measuring 67% of the posterior gap. The posterior slope of the proximal tibia was compared before and after surgery. In virtual surgery, a ratio of 0.67 between the anterior and posterior opening gap was needed to maintain the original slope. In navigation-assisted HTO, the mechanical axis was corrected to 2.9 degrees valgus (range, 0.5 degree-6.2 degrees) with fewer outliers (12.5%), and the posterior slope was maintained. The posterior slope was 7.9 degrees +/- 2.3 degrees preoperatively and 8.3 degrees +/- 2.8 degrees postoperatively (P > .05). The normal tibial posterior slope can be maintained if the anterior opening gap is approximately 67% of the posterior opening gap during the navigation-assisted HTO.
The time course of the adaptations of human muscle proteome to bed rest and the underlying mechanisms (2012)

In order to get a comprehensive picture of the complex adaptations of human skeletal muscle to disuse and further the understanding of the underlying mechanisms, we participated in two bed rest campaigns, one lasting 35 days and one 24 days. In the first bed rest (BR) campaign, myofibrillar proteins, metabolic enzymes and antioxidant defence systems were found to be down-regulated both post-8 days and post-35 days BR by proteomic analysis of vastus lateralis muscle samples from nine subjects. Such profound alterations occurred early (post-8 days BR), before disuse atrophy developed, and persisted through BR (post-35 days BR). To understand the mechanisms underlying the protein adaptations observed, muscle biopsies from the second bed rest campaign (nine subjects) were used to evaluate the adaptations of master controllers of the balance between muscle protein breakdown and muscle protein synthesis (MuRF-1 and atrogin-1; Akt and p70S6K), of autophagy (Beclin-1, p62, LC3, bnip3, cathepsin-L), of expression of antioxidant defence systems (NRF2) and of energy metabolism (PGC-1α, SREBP-1, AMPK). The results indicate that: (i) redox imbalance and remodelling of muscle proteome occur early and persist through BR; (ii) impaired energy metabolism is an early and persistent phenomenon comprising both the oxidative and glycolytic one; (iii) although both major catabolic systems, ubiquitin proteasome and autophagy, could contribute to the progression of atrophy late into BR, a decreased protein synthesis cannot be ruled out; (iv) a decreased PGC-1α, with the concurrence of SREBP-1 up-regulation, is a likely trigger of metabolic impairment, whereas the AMPK pathway is unaltered.
Imagerie de résistance électrique locale par AFM à pointe conductrice en mode contact intermittent (2013)

National audience
Role of Copper Ions in the Regulation of<scp>L</scp>-Glutamate Biosynthesis (1973)

Cell-free extracts of Brevibacterium thiogenitalis culture grown in the presence of copper catalyzed the oxidation of NADH2 and succinate through an electron transport chain which contained menaquinones and cytochromes a, b and c. On the other hand, extracts of cells grown in the absence of copper lacked cytochromes a and c, and contained cytochrome d. These findings, as well as the results obtained in inhibition experiments, suggest that in copper-deficient cells the major part of NADH2 was oxidized via a bypass in which the electrons were transferred directly from flavoprotein or cytochrome b to molecular oxygen. Electron transport from these substrates to molecular oxygen resulted in ATP synthesis. The average P/O ratios in extracts of the copper-sufficient cells were 0.33 for generated NADH2, 0.20 for added NADH2, and 0.34 for succinate, and those in extracts of the copper-deficient cells were 0.15, 0.13 and 0.21, respectively. In addition, a linear relationship was found between the yield of L-glutamate from acetate and the P/Ο ratios with both NADH2 and succinate as substrates. From these results, it is reasonable to consider that the poor yield of L-glutamate from acetate in copper-deficient cells was due to a reduction in energy supply, which was caused by the low efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation.
Experiences from an NSF I/UCRC on Engineering Logistics and Distribution (2013)

The College of Engineering of the University of Oklahoma (OU) embarked on a journey to develop and maintain an I/UCRC (Industry/University Cooperative Research Center) for ten years under the guidance of the NSF (National Science Foundation) on the topic of Engineering Logistics and Distribution (CELDi). CELDi is a multi-university center of excellence promoting collaboration between faculty at various universities and technical professionals in their partner companies to solve logistics and distribution related problems. This paper presents the development, growth, and the graduation of OU's CELDi center from NSF's oversight. We also cite specific development projects, and get into the critical success factors for such centers in the United States. Return on University's investment in the center was 1,898%.
ChemInform Abstract: Protecting Group Free Synthesis as an Opportunity for Invention (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Computational Approaches to the Determination of Active Site Structures and Reaction Mechanisms in Heterogeneous Catalysts (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
ASPECTS AND LIMITS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC SEPARATION FOR THE PRODUCTION OF VERY HIGHLY ENRICHED ISOTOPES (1962)

The investigation of the basic causes for the occurrence of contamination and means for correcting their effect was joined to a review of the outputs of various existing electromagnetic isotope separators. The properties of sensitive devices for obtaining the highest enrichment coefficient possible are described in conclusion. (tr-auth)
Pancreatic polypeptide inhibits pancreatic enzyme secretion via a cholinergic pathway (1987)

In rat pancreatic slices, rat pancreatic polypeptide (PP) or C-terminal hexapeptide of PP [PP-(31-36)] inhibited potassium-stimulated amylase release in a dose-dependent manner. The inhibition was unaffected by addition of hexamethonium but blocked by atropine. In contrast, PP(31-36) did not have any effect on acetylcholine- or cholecystokinin octapeptide-stimulated amylase release. In addition, when pancreatic slices were incubated with [3H] choline, PP(31-36) inhibited the potassium-evoked release of synthesized [3H] acetylcholine in a dose-dependent manner. The inhibitory action of PP was unaffected by adrenergic, dopaminergic, or opioid receptor antagonists. Thus PP inhibits pancreatic enzyme secretion via presynaptic modulation of acetylcholine release. This newly identified pathway provides a novel mechanism for hormonal inhibition of pancreatic enzyme secretion via modulation of the classic neurotransmitter function.
Curved CMOS Image Sensors: Packaging Issues, Applications and Roadmaps (2017)

Since few years, there has been an increasing interest and demand in flexible electronics. Standard imaging system consists of an optical module (set of lenses) and an image sensor. For wide field of view applications, and due to the curved shape of lenses and mirrors, the flat image after being propagated through the optical system is not flat but curved, i.e. the off-axis light focuses in a curved manner. This problem is called Petzval Field Curvature Aberration (Petzval FCA). It is generally fixed by additional complex lenses to “flatten” the image plane. We propose another approach with a hemispherical curved sensor technology. It allows eliminating FCA directly at the sensor level and thus makes it possible to drastically simplify, and hence miniaturize, the optical system architecture. First, a brief state of the art on curved detectors will be detailed for different application fields. Bendable capacities of hydrid detectors (included interconnection layer) were fully investigated and tested in the past [1, 2]. Moreover, a hemi-spherically curved visible image sensor with better optical characteristics (image quality) was realized and patented by Sony Company in 2014 [3]. Recently, a tunable curving packaging technology, with new optical functions possibilities has been presented in Electronic Component and Technology Conference 2016 [4]. Then, CEA-LETI curving technologies will be explained to address fixed and tunable curvature packaging applications, included modeling and technical process steps. Characterization of curved sensors prototypes have been performed to understand mechanical and electro-optical bending limits and will be also presented in the paper. Based on an existing fisheye flat sensor optical design, a curved focal plane will be described, showing that it's possible to simplify the standard system from 14 lenses (11 types of optical glass) with 2 aspheric lenses, to only 9 lenses (−35%), 3 types of optical glasses, without aspheric surfaces. The benefits of a curved sensor will be summarized into two categories: those related to the optical system design and those related to the quality of images produced by a camera with curved sensor. Optical system:» Miniaturization of optical devices (volume, weight);» Simplification of the lenses alignment process (due to reduced number of lenses);» Suppression of aspheric lenses;» Wide field of view enhancement. Image quality:» More homogeneous image quality (reduced image noise);» Similar or improved resolution and higher sensitivity;» Corrected distortion occurring along the image edges. Finally, curved CMOS image sensor roadmaps and perspectives will be discussed: from a market point of view, application field surveys have been done on mass market applications (mobile, consumer…), photography, automotive… From a technical aspect, a curving technologies roadmap will be proposed, leaded by applications needs, on single chip, collective, and wafer level processes.
Influence of Load Signal Form and Variable Amplitude Loading on the Corrosion Fatigue Behaviour of Aluminium Alloys (2014)

Aluminium alloys are used for a large variety of safety relevant applications for example in the automotive and aviation industries. With the introduction of high strength but possibly less corrosion resistant alloys it is essential to determine if an enhanced sensitisation against corrosion comes into effect under simultaneous mechanical and corrosive loading. Within this work corrosion fatigue tests under constant and variable amplitude loading were carried out on aluminium alloys established for chassis applications such as EN AW-5018 with slightly elevated magnesium content (AlMg3.5Mn), EN AW-6082-T6, EN AW-6110A-T6 and EN AC‑42100-T6 as well as alloys sensitised to corrosion. Sensitisation was obtained by a borderline (17 h at 130 °C) and an excessive (500 h at 130 °C) thermal ageing treatment and elevated copper contents for the forged and cast alloys. Aforementioned alloys and material conditions were assessed concerning the impact of mechanical loading conditions such as load signal type (sinusoidal and square-wave signal), strain rate and load spectra on the damaging process and on corrosion fatigue life. Fatigue tests were complemented by simultaneous determination of electrochemical characteristics as well as the type of corrosion by metallographic investigations.
Improvement of Interfacial Contacts for New Small‐Molecule Bulk‐Heterojunction Organic Photovoltaics (2012)

The influence of protonation reactions between poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and a thiadiazolo[3,4-c]pyridine small-molecule donor are reported; these result in poor solar-cell performance due to a barrier for charge extraction. The use of a NiO(x) contact eliminates such deleterious chemical interactions and results in substantial improvements in open-circuit voltage, fill factor, and an increased power conversion efficiency from 2.3% to 5.1%.
Bubble driven fluid circulations (1968)

Abstract Bubble driven fluid circulations are present in bubble columns, gas lifts, pool boiling, etc. Their mechanism is shown to be quite similar to the mechanism of natural covection but with much larger driving forces. These circulations are stable in many baffled systems but unstable and rapidly changing in size, shape, and orientation in unbaffled systems. The effect of these circulations in bubble columns is to lower holdup and vapor residence time, thus decreasing the mass transfer efficiency of the column.
Response to Weisschuh’s “Comment: a novel missense mutation in BEST1 associated with an autosomal-dominant vitreoretinochoroidopathy (ADVIRC) phenotype” (2019)

"Response to Weisschuh’s “Comment: a novel missense mutation in BEST1 associated with an autosomal-dominant vitreoretinochoroidopathy (ADVIRC) phenotype”." Ophthalmic Genetics, 40(1), pp. 88–89
European consensus for the management of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma of the follicular epithelium (2006)

Thyroid carcinoma is rare among human malignancies (<1%) but is the most frequent endocrine cancer, accounting for about 5% of thyroid nodules (1). The latter are very frequent in the general population and, according to the method of detection and the age of the patients, their prevalence may approach 20–50% of the general population, thus representing a daily issue in endocrine clinics. Furthermore, the incidence of thyroid cancer, mainly differentiated, is one of the most rapidly increasing human cancers, at least in the United States (2), with the papillary histotype being the most frequent (nearly 80%). There is a need for uniform diagnostic and treatment strategies for thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) since the disease requires a multidisciplinary approach, including endocrinology, internal medicine, nuclear medicine, oncology, endocrine (general or head and throat) surgery and even general practice operating in different settings not always equipped with the appropriate services (such as specialized centers, general hospitals and peripheral centers). Not infrequently among European countries, epidemiology may differ according to different environment, probably reflecting different clinical practice or pathogenetic factors, which may change the presentation and the management strategy. In addition, in recent decades, the clinical presentation of differentiated thyroid cancer has been changing from advanced cases requiring intense treatment and surveillance to cancers detected by fortuitous neck ultrasonography (US) requiring less aggressive treatment and follow-up. Diagnostic and treatment tools have also improved in recent years (sensitive assays for serum thyroglobulin measurement, neck US, recombinant human thyrotropin (rhTSH)), thus allowing for less invasive and uncomfortable procedures for the patients. Altogether, these considerations dictate the need for applying the more effective, less invasive and less expensive procedures able to guarantee the best management and the best quality of life for a disease that, albeit having an intrinsic low mortality, requires life-long follow-up care. Several European countries have developed their own guidelines or consensus reports (3–6), based on consolidated experience and cultural attitude of the country. Nevertheless, they differ in several, sometimes important, aspects. Following the spirit of concrete cultural and scientific integration among the countries participating in the new reality of the European Union, the European Thyroid Association (ETA) has endorsed the implementation of this consensus for the management of thyroid nodules and DTC.
Single-Cell Nonphotochemical Hole Burning of Ovarian Surface Epithelial Carcinoma and Normal Cells (2004)

Persistent spectral nonphotochemical hole-burning (NPHB) spectroscopy has recently been applied to dye molecules in cells. The sensitivity of NPHB to the nanoenvironment of the probe is well established. It has been shown that NPHB applied to bulk suspensions of cultured human cells can distinguish between normal and cancer cells. Thus, NPHB has potential as a diagnostic cancer tool. For this reason, the methodology is referred to as hole-burning imaging, by analogy with MRI. The optical dephasing time (T{sub 2}) of the dye in hole-burning image replaces the proton T{sub 1} relaxation time in MRI. In addition to the T{sub 2} mode of operation, there are four other modes including measurement of the spectral hole growth kinetics (HGK). Reported here is that the selectivity and sensitivity of NPHB operating in the HGK mode allow for distinction between normal and carcinoma cells at the single-cell level. The ovarian cell lines are ovarian surface epithelial cells with temperature-sensitivity large T antigens (analogously normal) and ovarian surface epithelial carcinoma (OV167) cells. The mitochondrial specific dye used was rhodamine 800 (Molecular Probes). This carbocationic dye is highly specific for the outer and inner membranes of mitochondria. In line with the results for bulk suspensions of the two cell lines, the hole-burning efficiency for OV167 cells was found to be significantly higher than that for normal cells. Theoretical analysis of the HGK data leads to the conclusion that the degree of structural heterogeneity for the probe-host configurations in OV167 cells is lower than in the normal cells. Possible reasons for this are given.
Synthesis of Thymidine Analogues with a Cyanoimido Substituent (1991)

The synthesis of thymidine analogues with a N-cyanomido substituent in the 3'- or 5'- position is described.
Heteropolar One-Electron Bond (1971)

Factors which are characteristic for covalent binding between different atoms are analyzed through an investigation of the one-electron heteronuclear bond. The examination of these model systems shows that the origin of binding can be understood by a partitioning of the binding energy in terms of five contributions with well defined conceptual meanings: Charge transfer from one atom to another, quasiclassical Coulombic interactions between the atoms, interference interactions between the atoms, atomic orbital contraction, and equalization of atomic orbital sizes. A stable bond is found to exist only if the nuclear charges differ by less than about 20%; a metastable bond exists if the difference in the nuclear charges lies approximately between 20%-40%; a purely repulsive binding energy curve results if the nuclear charges differ by more than about 40%. A variational analysis shows the reason for this behavior to be the high energetic cost of electronic charge transfer required to establish electron sharing. It is also confirmed that the interference energy is adversely affected by bond polarity. Finally, it is observed that, in these heteronuclear bonds, there exists a pronounced and explainable tendency for the atomic orbitals of the two parent atoms to become more similar in size upon molecule formation, while both contract. The basic origin of covalent binding is found to have the same explanation as in the homonuclear case.
DltABCD- and MprF-Mediated Cell Envelope Modifications of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Confer Resistance to Platelet Microbicidal Proteins and Contribute to Virulence in a Rabbit Endocarditis Model (2005)

The DltABCD and MprF proteins contribute a net positive charge to the Staphylococcus aureus surface envelope by alanylating and lysinylating teichoic acids and membrane phosphatidylglycerol, respectively. These surface charge modifications are associated with increased in vitro resistance profiles of S. aureus to a number of endogenous cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAPs), such as alpha-defensins. The current study investigated the effects of dltA and mprF mutations on the following host factors relevant to endovascular infections: (i) in vitro susceptibility to the CAP thrombin-induced platelet microbicidal protein 1 (tPMP-1), (ii) in vitro adherence to endothelial cells (EC) and matrix proteins, and (iii) in vivo virulence in an endovascular infection model (rabbit endocarditis) in which tPMP-1 is felt to play a role in limiting S. aureus pathogenesis. Both mutations resulted in substantial increases in the in vitro susceptibility to tPMP-1 compared to that of the parental strain. The dltA (but not the mprF) mutation resulted in a significantly reduced capacity to bind to EC in vitro, while neither mutation adversely impacted in vitro binding to fibronectin, fibrinogen, or platelets. In vivo, both mutations significantly attenuated virulence in terms of early colonization of sterile vegetations and subsequent proliferation at this site (versus the parental strain). However, only the dltA mutation significantly reduced metastatic infections in kidneys and spleens compared to those in animals infected with the parental strain. These data underscore the importance of resistance to distinct CAPs and of teichoic acid-dependent EC interactions in the context of endovascular infection pathogenesis.
Emotion-enabled haptic-based serious game for post stroke rehabilitation (2013)

In this paper, we propose and develop a novel adaptive haptic- based serious game for post stroke rehabilitation. Real-time patients emotions monitoring based on the Electroencephalogram (EEG) is used as an additional game control. A subject-dependent algorithm recognizing negative and positive emotions from EEG is integrated. Force feedback is proposed and implemented in the game. The proposed EEG-enabled haptic-based serious game could help to promote rehabilitation of the patients with motor deficits after stroke. Such games could be used by the patients for post stroke rehabilitation even at home convenience without a nurse presence.
SESSION 1: INNOVATIONS - MAINTENANCE : BILAN DES BETONS BITUMINEUX ULTRA-MINCES (1996)

Le projet ESTERE (enrobe superficiel tres economique et a rendement eleve) a ete developpe par l'entreprise Jean Lefebvre. En effet, apres avoir constate les limites du materiel standard, cette societe a decide de concevoir une machine specifique capable de mettre en oeuvre des formules de beton bitumineux et permettant d'echapper aux contraintes du finisseur propres a la mise en oeuvre des couches ultra-minces. Pour atteindre ce but, l'entreprise Jean Lefebvre s'est concentree sur deux axes d'innovation (optimisation des formules de betons bitumineux et conception d'un prototype destine a appliquer ces formules) et a realise depuis 1991 des chantiers experimentaux (plus de 700.000 m2). Cette communication fait etat de ces recherches en presentant : les formulations des enrobes ; la description de la machine ; l'experience acquise sur les principaux chantiers realises en 1992 et 1993 avec suivi de la rugosite geometrique du coefficient de frottement longitudinal, du coefficient de frottement transversal, de la mesure du bruit et de l'uni ; les avantages et le potentiel de developpement. (Voir fiche generale DIRR 133546). (Titres en anglais et allemand : The situation of ultra-thin bituminous concrete surfacing. - Ueberblick ultra-duenner Asphaltbeton).