gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Accurate identification and profiling of ellagitannins in strawberries and woodland strawberries: the influence of cultivar on the concentration and composition of ellagitannins (2013)

Of the most commonly consumed berries, strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) are the most popular choice with consumers, being eaten both fresh and frozen, as well as in different processed products. Although the composition of strawberry fruit has been extensively studied, especially for the most abundant phenolic compounds, ellagitannins and in detail agrimoniin has been only recently univocally identified as one of the most abundant phenolic compounds in strawberry (Vrhovsek et al. 2012). This class of natural polyphenols recently gained much attention in light of the experimental evidence of their anticancer activities, antiproliferative properties, and antibacterial activity on intestinal pathogens. Furthermore agrimoniin is a known bioactive compound, which has been used for treatment of diarrhea and haemorrhaging and reported to have antitumor properties. Its presence as the main ellagitannin in both strawberry and woodland strawberry fruit is therefore noticeable. Of fruit containing ellagitannins, strawberries are the most widely consumed, and agrimoniin is suggested to be one of the most widely present ellagitannin in the human diet (manuscript in preparation) \nThe establishment of an HPLC protocol for the separation of the ellagitannins (Gasperotti et al. 2010), and the isolation and characterisation of the main ellagitannins and ellagic acid derivatives, allowed us an accurate quantification of ellagitannins and ellagic acid conjugates in 6 different varieties of strawberry and in 2 woodland strawberry. The structural characterization was obtained by QTOF-HDMS in order to discriminate the different oligomeric form or the differences between the ellagitannins with similar building block units. The presence of 23 ellagitannins and 3 ellagic acid conjugates in the strawberry extracts was confirmed among the strawberry cultivars and woodland strawberry types. \nWoodland strawberries were the richest in terms of absolute concentration of ellagitannins and number of ellagitannins. Beside that, different cultivars of strawberries differ significantly in the amount and also profiles of ellagitannins. These data give evidence that more precise information about the fruit composition in term of their nutritional relevance needs to be taken into account in food metabolomics studies and their application to nutritional research. The attention of the consumer needs to be moved in the direction of the consumption of more nutritional relevant cultivar. \nAgrimoniin, together with the other strawberry ellagitannins and ellagic acid derivatives characterised in this study, deserve further attention since they are expected to play an important, yet still largely unexplored, role in the relationship between healthy effects and the consumption of strawberries in humans.\n\nLiterature:\nVrhovsek et al. 2012, JAFC, DOI: 10.1021/jf2052256 \nGasperotti et al. 2010, JAFC. DOI: 10.1021/jf904543w
Air Oxidation of Cyclodextrin with a Platinum Catalyst. (2000)

Air oxidation of α-cyclodextrin, β-cyclodextrin and γ-cyclodextrin with platinum-asbestos catalyst was attempted. The oxidation products were separated with GPC on Toyopearl HW-40S for γ-cyclodextrin (eluent: water) and on HW-50S for a-cyclodextrin (eluent: water) and β-cy-clodextrin (eluent: 10% methanol). The yields of oxides for the three species (α-, β- and γ-cy-clodextrin) estimated from GPC were 17.7, 10.8 and 23.4%, respectively. However, HPAEC analysis proved that the oxides of the three species were mixtures of regio-isomers.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,8‐NAPHTHALENEDIYLBIS(DIMETHYLPHOSPHINE): CONSEQUENCES OF STERIC CROWDING ON METHYLATION AND BORYLATION (1982)

Abstract Die Titelverbindung (II) wird durch Umsetzung des 1,8‐Dilithio‐Derivats von Naphthalin (I) mit Chlorodimethylphosphin dargestellt.
Highly integrated plastic package transceiver modules for large core fiber systems (2006)

We have developed fiber optic transceivers (FOT) based on leadframe and plastic molding technology for large core POF and PCS fiber systems. The leadframe style package exhibits a compact small size of 9.7mm x 6.2mm x 3.6mm. For PCS fiber system, the VCSEL based fiber optic transceivers have an operating wavelength at 850nm. The transmitter has an internal control circuit to stabilize the optical output of VCSEL and an integrated coupling optics to provide loose alignment tolerances of ±70μm in lateral axis for a working distance of 500μm to PCS optical fibers. The optical coupling power from the transmitter to the PCS fiber has a variation within 1dB over the wide ambient temperature range from -40<sup>o</sup>C to +105<sup>o</sup>C. Eye diagrams of the transceivers at 50Mbps are wide open over the normal operating temperature range from -40<sup>o</sup>C to +105<sup>o</sup>C. With a pair of VCSEL transmitter and MSM-PD receiver we achieve 1.25Gb/s transmission over 10m of PCS fiber. In a POF transmission system of 40m, over an operating temperature range from -40<sup>o</sup>C to +85<sup>o</sup>C, the fiber output power variation with the green LED transmitter is 1.5dB less than that with a similar red LED transmitter. The eye-diagrams of the green LED transmitter at 20Mbps are captured at back-to-back transmission and after 40m POF transmission.
Nanoporous polymeric templates systems for the confined growth of epitaxial ferromagnetic complex oxides nanostructures. (2015)

9-13 March 2015
Brain Neuroadaptative Changes in Adolescents with Internet Addiction (2008)

Objectives : Internet addiction or pathologic internet use is one of the major mental health problems in children and adolescents in Korea. Internet addiction is defined as uncontrollable, markedly time-consuming internet use, which lasts for a period of at least six months. Internet addiction results in poor academic performance and negative parent-child relationships. By using 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), we investigated the effects of internet addiction on functional changes occurring in the adolescent brain. Methods : Adolescent patients with an internet addiction (4 boys and 2 girls ; 15.6±1.2 years) participated in this study. Eight healthy young adults (5 males and 3 females; 18-30 years old) with no previous history of psychiatric illness also participated as normal controls. Brain FDG-PET data was obtained with the participants in the resting condition and with no addictive stimuli. Results : Statistic parametric mapping analysis of the brain FDG-PET data revealed hypometabolic changes in the visual information processing circuits and hypermetabolic changes in the prefrontal areas in the adolescents with internet addiction, as compared with normal controls (p Conclusion : These results suggest a neuronal adaptation to excessive visual stimulation and synaptic plasticity due to internet addiction.
Nonalcoholic Beer Reduces Inflammation and Incidence of Respiratory Tract Illness (2011)

Consumption of 1-1.5 L · d(-1) of NAB for 3 wk before and 2 wk after marathon competition reduces postrace inflammation and URTI incidence.
Targeting of reactive isolevuglandins in mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation (2019)

Inflammation is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Western societies. Despite use of multiple drugs, both chronic and acute inflammation still represent major health burdens. Inflammation produces highly reactive dicarbonyl lipid peroxidation products such as isolevuglandins which covalently modify and cross-link proteins via lysine residues. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been associated with inflammation; however, its molecular mechanisms and pathophysiological role are still obscure. We hypothesized that inflammation-induced isolevuglandins contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction and mortality. To test this hypothesis, we have (a) investigated the mitochondrial dysfunction in response to synthetic 15-E<sub>2</sub>-isolevuglandin (IsoLG) and its adducts; (b) developed a new mitochondria-targeted scavenger of isolevuglandins by conjugating 2-hydroxybenzylamine to the lipophilic cation triphenylphosphonium, (4-(4-aminomethyl)-3-hydroxyphenoxy)butyl)-triphenylphosphonium (mito2HOBA); (c) tested if mito2HOBA protects from mitochondrial dysfunction and mortality using a lipopolysaccharide model of inflammation. Acute exposure to either IsoLG or IsoLG adducts with lysine, ethanolamine or phosphatidylethanolamine inhibits mitochondrial respiration and attenuates Complex I activity. Complex II function was much more resistant to IsoLG. We confirmed that mito2HOBA markedly accumulates in isolated mitochondria and it is highly reactive with IsoLGs. To test the role of mitochondrial IsoLGs, we studied the therapeutic potential of mito2HOBA in lipopolysaccharide mouse model of sepsis. Mito2HOBA supplementation in drinking water (0.1 g/L) to lipopolysaccharide treated mice increased survival by 3-fold, improved complex I-mediated respiration, and histopathological analyses supported mito2HOBA-mediated protection of renal cortex from cell injury. These data support the role of mitochondrial IsoLG in mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation. We conclude that reducing mitochondrial IsoLGs may be a promising therapeutic target in inflammation and conditions associated with mitochondrial oxidative stress and dysfunction.
A calculation of urban metabolism efficiency. (2012)

In this contribution we will introduce a new methodology for the construction of an index of urban efficiency. Indeed, the main aim\nof the implementation of the model developed in the framework of\nthis research project is to give a suitable description and evaluation of the metabolism of a city. In the first part, we will briefly introduce the thermodynamic and ecological point of view used in this construction (section “Metabolic and thermodynamic point of view on cities”), its conceptual background based on the use of fuzzy logic methods (section “The indicator of urban efficiency”) and the empirical meaning of this index as a simulator of decision processes of experts (section “The empirical meaning of the indicator of urban efficiency”). The remaining parts are dedicated to the specific calculation of this index for the cities\nof Barcelona and Lugano (section “Construction of the European Urban Efficiency Index 2009”) and to the presentation of possible results and their practical uses (section “Preliminary results and conclusions”).
Tensile material properties of human tibia cortical bone effects of orientation and loading rate. (2008)

The purpose of this study was to quantify effects of both specimen orientation and loading rate on the tensile material properties for human tibia cortical bone in a controlled study. This study presents 25 human tibia cortical bone coupon tests obtained from the mid-diaphysis of two fresh frozen male human cadavers: 11 axial and 14 lateral. The primary component for the tension coupon testing was a high rate servo-hydraulic Material Testing System (MTS) with a custom slack adaptor. The specimen were loaded at a constant strain rate of approximately 0.05 strains/s, 0.5 strains/s, or 5.0 strains/s. Axial specimens were found to have a significantly larger ultimate stress and ultimate strain compared to lateral specimens for all loading rates, and a significantly larger modulus for low and high loading rates. This finding illustrates the anisentropic behavior of bone over a range of strain rates, which is attributed to the microstructure of the bone and the osteon orientation along the long axis of the bone. With respect to loading rate, both axial and lateral specimens showed significant increases in the modulus and significant decreases in ultimate strain with increased loading rate. Although not significant, axial specimens showed another traditional viscoelastic trend, with ultimate stress increasing with increased loading rate.
Shizukanolides D, E and F, Novel Lindenanolides from <i>Chloranthus</i> spp. (Chloranthaceae) (1989)

Three novel sesquiterpene lactones having a unique lindenane skeleton were isolated from Chloranthus spp. (Chloranthaceae). The first one, shizukanolide D (1), was found in ether extracts of C. japonicus Sieb., Hitorishizuka, and characterized to be an epoxy derivative of previously known chloranthalactone C (3). The other two compounds, shizukanolides E (4) and F (6), were isolated from ether extracts of C. serratus (Thumb.) Roem. et Schult., Futarishizuka, and their structures were determined to be hydroxy derivatives of shizukanolide C (2).
Compliance nach Organtransplantation - Einfluss von Lebensqualität und Arzt-Patienten-Beziehung (2006)

Drug Prescribing for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in General Practice: a Cross-Sectional Study
Summary of requirements in NASA work package No. 2 (1988)

Work package No. 2 (WP2) has a section in the proposal dealing with measurements of the environment. The quantities to be measured as well as the instruments to be used are summerized. The information provided is only a cursory overview of what has been considered at the time of the proposal. Nevertheless the general ideas are given that much work needs to be done to develop specifics. It is important to note that measurements in the field of particles and waves are not part of the proposal. On the other hand, some of the environmental measurements planned and included in the proposal do not fall within the category of contamination. Some concepts of environment monitoring configurations are also given.
Evaluation of Shake-and-Catch Mechanism in Mechanical Harvesting of Apples (2018)

Abstract. Damaged fruit is the most important barrier to success in the mechanical harvesting of fresh market apples using mass harvesting methods. To address fruit quality issues and expedite the commercialization of mechanical harvesting of fresh market apples, an innovative air suspension-based catching (ASC) mechanism was designed and fabricated to collect fruit detached with a mechanical shaking device (tree limb shaker). The objective of this study was to evaluate the shake-and-catch mechanism in mechanical harvesting of apples. Three apple varieties with different physical characteristics (‘Honeycrisp’, ‘Pacific Rose’, and ‘Pink Lady’) were used in the field trials. The air pressure settings for the ASC mechanism played an important role in reducing the risk of apple damage and improving fruit quality. The effect of the shaking frequency of the tree limb shaker on fruit quality was not significant. When the air pressure increased from 0 to 1030 kPa, the fruit quality greatly improved. Keywords: Air pressure, Air suspension-based catching mechanism, Fluidized bed technology, Fresh market apples, Fruit quality, Mass harvesting, Shaking efficiency.
Power Amplification Conditions for Fusion-Reactor Plasmas Heated by Reacting Ion Beams (1974)

The plasma energy confinement time required to achieve a practically useful power amplification factor ${Q}_{E}$ can be reduced substantially if the plasma is heated by an energetic ion beam that reacts with the bulk ions as it thermalizes. The contribution to ${Q}_{E}$ arising from the beam-plasma fusion reactions can be maximized by maintaining the post-injection energy of the beam ions near an optimum value, for example, by means of slow magnetic compression.
Measurements of absolute M <i>α</i> x‐ray production cross sections of heavy elements Au, Pb, Bi, and U by electron impact (2014)

Absolute M α x‐ray production cross sections have been measured and calculated for heavy elements Au, Pb, Bi, and U for electron incident energies from the ionization threshold up to 38 keV. The experimental cross sections were deduced from M x‐ray intensities emitted from ultrathin samples of the elements of interest deposited onto self‐supporting C films. The measurements were performed using two electron microprobes and several wavelength‐dispersive spectrometers. X‐ray intensities were converted into x‐ray production cross sections by using estimated values of the number of incident electrons, target thickness, and spectrometer efficiency. Experimental results are compared with calculated cross sections using different predictive formulae. Good agreement is found between the measured cross sections and the predictions from the distorted‐wave Born approximation, which indicates that this approximation is suited for the calculation of M‐shell ionization cross sections of heavy elements. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Present Development Status of Radiation Curable Coatings Industry in China (2008)

Summary and analysis of the market of radiation curable coating products in China in 2007 were carried out.The output of multifunctional monomers in 2007 was almost the same with that in 2006.However,its total export was over 16 thousand tons in 2007 with a growth rate of 100%.While the increase rate of output of oligomers and photoinitiators were 15.2% and 33.9% respectively compared with that in 2006.Meanwhile,a few oligomers were exported and the export of photoinitiators was more than 70% of the total output.The growth rates of varnish and printing ink were 12.1% and 13.6% respectively,while the UV curable adhesives was up to 73% due to its rapid increase trend on a lower basis.
CD7+, CD4-, CD8- acute leukemia: a syndrome of malignant pluripotent lymphohematopoietic cells (1989)

Following our initial observation of in vivo conversion of CD7+, CD4-, CD8- acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells from lymphoid to myeloid lineages (Proc Natl Acad Sci (USA) 81:253, 1984) we have studied eight additional cases of ALL with this leukemic cell phenotype. The CD7+, CD4-, CD8- phenotype was associated with a distinct clinical entity with those affected predominantly male (either less than 35 years or greater than 65 years of age), with frequent mediastinal and/or thymic masses, skin and CNS disease, high peripheral WBC counts, and bone marrow blasts that were morphologically L1 or not ascribable to a specific lineage. These patients did not respond to conventional chemotherapeutic regimens for either acute lymphoid or myeloid leukemias. No common karyotype or T-cell gene rearrangement pattern could be defined. Importantly, seven of eight patient's leukemic cells studied were capable of multilineage (myeloid, erythroid, monocytoid, megakaryocytoid, and lymphoid) differentiation in vitro. Data is presented suggesting that CD7+, CD4-, CD8- leukemias, in many instances, are leukemias of immature hematopoietic cells. The development of novel therapeutic approaches to this form of leukemia will be necessary to alter its poor prognosis.
Non-scanning 3D-CT measurement of Premixed Flames (2006)

Instantaneous three-dimensional distributions of fuel consumption rate of propane/air fuel-rich premixed "blue" flames are captured by a newly proposed technique; "non-scanning three-dimensional computerized tomography (3D-CT) technique" with a custom-made multi(40)-lens camera. The results for the turbulent burner flame show that the flame front is observed to be a thin wrinkled luminous region of 0.6 mm in thickness and flame-quenching exists at the cusps and ridges. The maximum local fuel consumption rate of 2.7 g(propane)/s/m3 is derived from the 3D distribution. Instantaneous 3D-CT image of spark-ignited spherically-expanding flame is also obtained by the proposed technique.
A Minimal Spliceosomal Complex A Recognizes the Branch Site and Polypyrimidine Tract (1997)

The association of U2 snRNP with the pre-mRNA branch region is a critical step in the assembly of spliceosomal complexes. We describe an assembly process that reveals both minimal requirements for formation of a U2 snRNP-substrate RNA complex, here designated the Amin complex, and specific interactions with the branch site adenosine. The substrate is a minimal RNA oligonucleotide, containing only a branch sequence and polypyrimidine tract. Interactions at the branch site adenosine and requirements for polypyrimidine tract-binding proteins for the Amin complex are the same as those of authentic prespliceosome complex A. Surprisingly, Amin complex formation does not require U1 snRNP or ATP, suggesting that these factors are not necessary for stable binding of U2 snRNP per se, but rather are necessary for accessibility of components on longer RNA substrates. Furthermore, there is an ATP-dependent activity that releases or destabilizes U2 snRNP from branch sequences. The simplicity of the Amin complex will facilitate a detailed understanding of the assembly of prespliceosomes.
Hereditary Vitamin D-resistant Rickets in Greek Children: Genotype, Phenotype, and Long-term Response to Treatment (2007)

We describe four patients (two pairs of children from two unrelated kindreds) from a Greek island, suffering from hereditary vitamin D-resistant rickets (HVDRR) with alopecia. There were two different homozygous mutations in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene of the affected members of the two kindreds that resulted in a truncated or missing receptor. The disorder began in early infancy with similar clinical, biochemical and radiological findings in all four patients, namely, alopecia (which provided the initial diagnostic evidence for HVDRR), rachitic deformities, hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, secondary hyperparathyroidism, and elevated serum levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D; however, the patients of kindred B had a more severe clinical expression. Treatment options include oral or intravenous calcium and active vitamin D metabolites. The response varies widely in different cases. Our patients were initially treated with high doses of 1alpha(OH)D3 and oral calcium supplementation. Kindred A patients had a satisfactory response to this regimen, while kindred B patients presented clinical and biochemical improvement when 1alpha(OH)D3 was changed to 1,25(OH)2D3. In the older patients of each kindred, treatment requirements gradually decreased during puberty, and therapy was finally discontinued before adulthood.
A Structuration Agency Approach to Security Policy Enforcement in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (2008)

ABSTRACT A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a self-organizing, self-configuring confederation of wireless systems. MANET devices join and leave the network asynchronously at will, and there are no predefined client or server roles – roles change based on the nature of a given communication. The dynamic topologies, mobile communications structure, decentralized control, and anonymity creates many challenges to the security of systems and network infrastructure in a MANET environment. Consequently, this extreme form of dynamic and distributed model requires a reevaluation of conventional approaches to security enforcements. Recent developments in agent frameworks have contributed to some potential solutions for security policy enforcements for MANETs. Building on these developments, and extending principles from structuration theory (Giddens, 1984 Giddens, A. 1984. The constitution of society: Outline of the theory of structuration, Cambridge, , UK: Polity Press. [Google Scholar]), we formulated a socio-biologically inspired approach to MANET security we refer to as structuration agency theory.