gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Virtual reality: an international directory of research projects (1993)

Articles from leading researchers, covering the origins of VR, disciplines involved, country by country summary of research country by country directory of research and development projects.
Luminescence centers in Y<sub>3</sub>Al<sub>5</sub>O<sub>12</sub>:La single crystals (2011)

The nature of luminescence centers created by La3+ isoelectronic impurities (IIs) in Y3Al5O12 (YAG) crystals has been considered. The La3+ dopant in YAG crystals gives rise to intensive UV luminescence in the complex band peaked at 4.28 eV at 300 K with a decay time of the main component of 575 ns. It has been shown that the complex UV emission band in YAG:La crystals in the 10–300 K range is a superposition of the luminescence of excitons localized near La dopants (LE(La) centers), the recombination luminescence of La3+ ions in the positions of Y3+ cations (LaY centers) and the low-intensive recombination luminescence of YAl antisite defects in the bands peaked at 4.65–4.62, 4.29–4.25 and 3.86–3.84 eV, respectively. In the visible range the emission spectra of YAG:La crystals also consist of the luminescence of F+ and F-centers in the bands peaked at 3.1 and 2.69 eV with a decay time of the main components of 2.3 ns and in the μs-ms range, respectively. It has been shown that the luminescence of F+ and F-centers in YAG:La crystals can be excited by emission of LE(LaY) and LaY centers.
Confined etchant layer technique (CELT) for micromanufacture (2011)

Confined etchant layer technique (CELT) is an electro-and/ or photo- chemically induced chemical etching method for micromanufacture originated by our research group, which is distinguished from the LIGA and EFAB. To obtain the micro-/nano- meter precision, there are three strategies of CELT: (1) electro- and/or photo- chemical generation of etchant on the surface of tool; (2) confining the etchant layer to a thickness of micro-/nano- meter; (3) Approaching tool to the workpiece for micromanufacturing. CELT have been proved successful in the micromanufacture on conductive, semiconductive and also insulate workpiece. In this paper, our work on CELT will be reviewed and future research will also be prospected.
A current genotoxicity database for heterocyclic thermic food mutagens. I. Genetically relevant endpoints. (1986)

Cooking, heat processing, or pyrolysis of protein-rich foods induce the formation of a series of structurally related heterocyclic aromatic bases that have been found to be mutagens. The primary genetic assay utilized to detect and isolate these mutagens has been the his reversion assay in Salmonella typhimurium. The classification and nomenclature of these chemicals is revised to reflect recent advances. The findings of short-term tests for genetic injury that have been applied to these agents are presented in a systematic way. Cell-free, bacterial, mammalian cell culture, and in vivo systems are included. Major results, the mutagens tested, and key references are presented in tabular form, with text commentary. Integrated conclusions on the state of current knowledge of the genetic toxicity of thermic food mutagens are presented. Areas in need of further research are defined. Finally, an outline is presented of a suggested path leading to the determination whether normal methods of food preparation and processing constitute a human health hazard.
The use of monoclonal antibodies for the histopathological detection of mammary axillary micrometastases. (1987)

We have studied the clinical value of immunohistochemical techniques in detecting occult axillary metastases from breast carcinoma in forty patients, all of whom had been assessed as free of nodal metastases by routine histology 5 years earlier. The same sections were restained using monoclonal antibodies against Epithelial Membrane Antigen (EMA). In four patients, occult metastases were detected, giving an increase in diagnostic accuracy of 10%. At 5-year follow-up 12 (30%) patients had developed tumour recurrence, of whom three were detected on immunohistochemical testing, while the other nine patients were reported as free of nodal metastases on staining with Anti-EMA. We conclude that routine application of immunohistochemical staining would further increase the diagnostic yield of axillary metastases from breast carcinoma, but this increase would not be of significant clinical value.
ProtNN: Fast and Accurate Nearest Neighbor Protein Function Prediction based on Graph Embedding in Structural and Topological Space (2015)

Studying the function of proteins is important for understanding the molecular mechanisms of life. The number of publicly available protein structures has increasingly become extremely large. Still, the determination of the function of a protein structure remains a difficult, costly, and time consuming task. The difficulties are often due to the essential role of spatial and topological structures in the determination of protein functions in living cells. In this paper, we propose ProtNN, a novel approach for protein function prediction. Given an unannotated protein structure and a set of annotated proteins, ProtNN finds the nearest neighbor annotated structures based on protein-graph pairwise similarities. Given a query protein, ProtNN finds the nearest neighbor reference proteins based on a graph representation model and a pairwise similarity between vector embedding of both query and reference protein-graphs in structural and topological spaces. ProtNN assigns to the query protein the function with the highest number of votes across the set of k nearest neighbor reference proteins, where k is a user-defined parameter. Experimental evaluation demonstrates that ProtNN is able to accurately classify several datasets in an extremely fast runtime compared to state-of-the-art approaches. We further show that ProtNN is able to scale up to a whole PDB dataset in a single-process mode with no parallelization, with a gain of thousands order of magnitude of runtime compared to state-of-the-art approaches.
The Influence of Tension on Pre‐Rigor Excised Bovine Muscle (1969)

SUMMARY — The influence of four levels of tension in two pre‐rigor excised bovine muscles on fiber diameter, sacromere length, percent kinkiness, and shear value were studied. Fiber diameter was found to be smaller with 1,000‐g pull treatment than when there was no tension, but no significant change was found with succeeding increases in tension. Sarcomere length was found to increase to the 2,500 g pull treatment and then level off. Both muscles exhibited less kinkiness to the 1,000‐g pull treatment. However, after this level the semitendinosus muscle increased whereas the semimembranosus decreased. In like manner, a considerable decrease was noted in shear force to the 1,000‐g pull treatment for both muscles, but after this point a small increase was noted for the semitendinosus muscle whereas the semimembranosus muscle did not change.
Abnormality of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (2007)

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are key components of the hematopoietic microenvironment and provide support to hematopoiesis and modulate immune system. Several studies suggest that SLE may be seen as stem cell disorders. However, it is unclear that whether MSCs from SLE patients are defective. So in this research, we studied the biological character of bone marrow derived MSCs in patients with SLE, focused on their phenotype (morphology and immunophenotype), karyotype, cytokines expression and hematopoietic support of MSCs. Our results showed that MSCs from SLE patients and normal controls can be successfully culture-expanded, but the MSCs from SLE grew more slowly than those of normal controls (P < 0.05). Cells from both groups were positive for CD29, CD44 and CD105, and negative for CD14, CD34, CD45 and HLA-DR. MSCs from SLE have a normal karyotype. Both groups express IL-6, IL7, IL-11, macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) and stem cell factor (SCF) at mRNA level. While IL-6 and IL-7 were down-regulated in MSCs from SLE patient (P < 0.05) at mRNA level. The MSCs from SLE patients and normal controls were infused into ICR (Tac: Icr: Ha strain) mice after high-dose chemotherapy, with no adverse events in either group. Recovery of white blood cells, hemoglobin and platelet was more rapid (P < 0.05) compared with the group without MSCs infusion. We conclude that MSCs in patient with SLE have abnormalities compared with those in normal control. MSCs in patient with SLE may play an important role in the SLE pathogenesis.
Synthesis of poly(ethylene terephthalate) in benzyl imidazolium ionic liquids (2012)

Abstract In order to improve the method of synthesis of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), a series of ionic liquids (ILs) based on benzyl imidazolium ([YBMIM][X], Y = NO 2 , CH 3 , F; B = benzyl; X = Tf 2 N) were used to investigate the formation of PET at low temperature and pressure. High molecular weight PET ( M w up to 2.6 × 10 4 g mol −1 ) was obtained by two‐step polycondensation in these ILs at lower temperature (230–240 °C) than with traditional melt polycondensation (270–290 °C). Moreover, the molecular weight of the resulting PET was found to depend on the activities of the catalysts used in the ILs. The catalysts (Sb 2 (OCH 2 CH 2 O) 3 , Sb(OAc) 3 , Sb 2 O 3 ) used in the preparation of PET have little effect on the thermostability of the ILs. The ILs can decrease the viscosity of the reaction system, and thus small molecules can be easily removed. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Acylation and Alkoxycarbonylation of Benzoxazoline‐2‐thione and Benzothiazoline‐2‐thione. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Holistic Approach to Mobile Service Provisioning (2009)

Mobile service provisioning is concerned with enabling handheld devices, such as phones and PDAs, to host services. This naturally raises significant challenges that stem from mobile devices' inherent mobility and limited resources. Furthermore, mobile services tend to operate in dynamic, insecure and heterogeneous operating environments. The aim of our research is to develop a novel toolkit for constructing mobile services that addresses such challenges. In getting started, we have taken a middleware-based approach that mediates interaction between clients and mobile services. This work offers a foundation upon which we intend to build using techniques that fall within the domain of automated software engineering.
A Grey Prediction Based Hard Handover Hysteresis Algorithm for 3GPP LTE System (2012)

The aim of this study is to develop a handover algorithm based Grey Model (1, N) in Long Term Evolution (LTE) for High Speed Railway. Many methods have been proposed by researchers is used to decision in handover only based on Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP). GM (1, N) can employ in two or more input data, thus process of handover not only consider RSRP but also Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ). In handover procedure, at least required two measurement reports, RSRP and RSRQ. By using both of them can guarantee the QoS of handover procedures. Due to the handover procedure in LTE belongs to a kind of hard Handover procedures, handover decision-making should be in early step, and then can get low failure rate. Therefore, we proposed Handover Decision-making Algorithm Based on Grey Model, GM (1, N). Via this method, signal received strength from eNodeB can be predicted the value for th-(n+1) measurement time, where the current measurement time is n. It can achieve better handover decision-making for in Long Term Evolution (LTE) for High Speed Railway.
The Cathodic Protection Potential Criterion for Underground Steel Structures (1993)

Abstract The history and development of the -0.850 VCSE potential criterion is traced through the technical literature over the last 60 years with respect to thermodynamic consideration and empirical testing in both the laboratory and field. The significance of reference electrode position and IR drop voltages for the protective potential measurement is discussed. The influence of soil resistivity, sulfate reducing bacteria, and temperature on the effectiveness of the minimum potential value is reviewed. In addition the hazards of overprotecting a steel structure with respect to hydrogen embrittlement and coating disbondment is considered.
When Good Information Truly Matters: Public Sector Decision Makers Acquiring and Using Research to Inform Their Decisions (2006)

Since our nation’s inception, there have been a variety of debates about the proper boundaries between the several branches of U.S. federal and state governments. The argument at the heart of these debates centers on how best to advance the public interest. While each branch operates under a different set of powers, restraints, and processes, if this dedication to the public interest is internalized into the deliberations of judges, legislators, and bureaucrats, then the quality of the information these branch officials use to inform their decisions is crucial to determining how well the public is served. In the past, officials of the three branches typically depended on others to provide them with the bulk of the information necessary to complete their work. Legislators would receive information from lobbyists, advocates, legislative colleagues, and constituents. Executive branch officials heard from the same sources during policy formation, and because of their role in program administration, heard a great deal from vendors hoping to sell goods and services to the government as part of policy implementation. Judges heard from the parties arguing cases before them and in some cases, “friends of the court.” This dependency has traditionally relied on the process of advocacy, where both sides present their arguments to the official and the official as decision maker determines the relative merits of the
Effect of curcumin on Helicobacter pylori biofilm formation (2009)

Helicobacter pylori is a leading etiologic agent causing peptic ulcer and gastric cancer. The alternative lifestyle as a biofilm facilitates H. pylori to survive in adverse environments. Here, we investigated effect of curcumin on H. pylori biofilm formation both qualitatively by pellicle assay and quantitatively by crystal violet staining. Three-dimensional structure of biofilm was imaged by scanning electron microscopy. The effect of curcumin on H. pylori adherence to HEp-2 cells was also investigated. Subinhibitory concentrations of curcumin inhibited the biofilm in dose dependent manner. However, H.pylori could restore ability to form biofilm during extended time of incubation. Scanning electron microscopy revealed less amorphous extracellular polymeric matrix, slow of morphological conversion to coccoid form with cell damage after curcumin treatment. Curcumin significantly decreased the ability of H. pylori to adhere to the HEp-2 cells. Our findings demonstrated advantages of curcumin to inhibit biofilm formation by H. pylori, making it as a potential complimentary medicine for curing of H. pyloribiofilm related infections.
Sensor-Aware Recognition and Tracking for Wide-Area Augmented Reality on Mobile Phones (2015)

Wide-area registration in outdoor environments on mobile phones is a challenging task in mobile augmented reality fields. We present a sensor-aware large-scale outdoor augmented reality system for recognition and tracking on mobile phones. GPS and gravity information is used to improve the VLAD performance for recognition. A kind of sensor-aware VLAD algorithm, which is self-adaptive to different scale scenes, is utilized to recognize complex scenes. Considering vision-based registration algorithms are too fragile and tend to drift, data coming from inertial sensors and vision are fused together by an extended Kalman filter (EKF) to achieve considerable improvements in tracking stability and robustness. Experimental results show that our method greatly enhances the recognition rate and eliminates the tracking jitters.
The Experimental Chemotherapy of Influenza Viruses (1954)

Summary Twelve compounds were found to inhibit the PR8 strain of influenza A virus in embryonated eggs, and six of these also inhibited the Lee strain of influenza B. Four of the inhibitors were virucidal as shown by in vitro tests at concentrations similar to those existing in the allantoic cavity. At high concentrations, only two compounds were without virucidal activity. Three compounds showed inhibitory effects when given by the yolk sac, a route different from that of the virus. The possibility that some of these compounds do not reach the site of viral growth when injected into the yolk sac is suggested. When tested at various time intervals after the infectious process had started, four compounds were found to be ineffective when given only 1 hour after the virus. The other compounds were effective when given at intervals which ranged from 3 to 12 hours after infection. Polymerised sodium salts of substituted benzoid sulfonic acids, one of the most effective compounds tested, prevented multiplication up to 12 hours after injection of virus. Thirty-seven naturally occurring substances were tested for ability to reverse the inhibition caused by six of the compounds. Several sudstances were antagonistic to the virus inhibitors. Tryptophane reversed the inhibition caused by minimal concentrations of polymerized sodium salts of substituted benzoid sulfonic acids, but it did not affect higher concentrations. Riboflavin caused reversal of inhibition by Congo red, but only at low concentrations of the drug. Thiamin hydrochloride also reversed the inhibition caused by Congo red, apparently due to a direct combination of the drug with the antagonist, making the drug unavailable for virustatic action. None of the compounds tested against influenza A infections in mice was found to have any effect in preventing infection.
Architectural styles and the design of network-based software architectures (2000)

\nThe World Wide Web has succeeded in large part because its software architecture has been designed to meet the needs of an Internet-scale distributed hypermedia system. The Web has been iteratively developed over the past ten years through a series of modifications to the standards that define its architecture. In order to identify those aspects of the Web that needed improvement and avoid undesirable modifications, a model for the modern Web architecture was needed to guide its design, definition, and deployment.\n\nSoftware architecture research investigates methods for determining how best to partition a system, how components identify and communicate with each other, how information is communicated, how elements of a system can evolve independently, and how all of the above can be described using formal and informal notations. My work is motivated by the desire to understand and evaluate the architectural design of network-based application software through principled use of architectural constraints, thereby obtaining the functional, performance, and social properties desired of an architecture. An architectural style is a named, coordinated set of architectural constraints.\n\nThis dissertation defines a framework for understanding software architecture via architectural styles and demonstrates how styles can be used to guide the architectural design of network-based application software. A survey of architectural styles for network-based applications is used to classify styles according to the architectural properties they induce on an architecture for distributed hypermedia. I then introduce the Representational State Transfer (REST) architectural style and describe how REST has been used to guide the design and development of the architecture for the modern Web.\n\nREST emphasizes scalability of component interactions, generality of interfaces, independent deployment of components, and intermediary components to reduce interaction latency, enforce security, and encapsulate legacy systems. I describe the software engineering principles guiding REST and the interaction constraints chosen to retain those principles, contrasting them to the constraints of other architectural styles. Finally, I describe the lessons learned from applying REST to the design of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol and Uniform Resource Identifier standards, and from their subsequent deployment in Web client and server software.
A Preterm Birth Risk Prediction System for Mobile Health Applications Based on the Support Vector Machine Algorithm (2018)

The process of knowledge discovery in health databases has steadily been developing. Data mining (DM) techniques integrate several knowledge fields for extraction of reliable, understandable, and useful patterns, such as statistics and artificial intelligence (AI). In this sense, this paper proposes the application of a machine learning (ML) technique, named support vector machine (SVM), for the recognition of patterns in a pregnancy database. This approach has outperformed other ML methods, representing a valuable tool for smart decision support systems (DSSs) and mobile health (m-health) applications. For the performance assessment of the proposed model, this work uses the 10-fold cross-validation method. This ML based technique obtained encouraging results with an accuracy of 0.821, a true positive (TP) rate of 0.839, a false positive (FP) rate of 0.268, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area of 0.785. These indicators show that this approach is an excellent pattern recognizer for pregnancy care. This research provides a comprehensive inference mechanism for mobile DSSs capable of enhancing the care provided to women who are at a risk of developing pregnancy-related problems. Thus, this work can contribute to improve the maternal and fetal health conditions, predicting preterm birth risk early.
Verizon experience with NG Ethernet services: evolution to a converged layer 1, 2 network (2005)

This article presents Verizon's experience with deploying metro Ethernet services and some of our laboratory activities related to the convergence of layer 2/1 networks. Such convergence leverages the existing SONET and optical transport network infrastructure, and integrates layer 1 and layer 2 transport, control, and management planes within the network. Integrated service provisioning is featured, including service logic and policy that controls the admission, path selection, and transport bandwidth adjustment requirements of provisioning an Ethernet virtual connection within the metro Ethernet network.