gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A phase I clinical trial of FOLFIRI in combination with the pancyclin–dependentkinase (CDK) inhibitor flavopiridol (2009)

e14511 Background: Preclinical data indicate that sequential treatment with flavopiridol (F) increases irinotecan- and 5-FU-induced apoptosis. Clinically, F showed promising activity when combined with irinotecan (Shah et al CCR 2005). Methods: We conducted a phase I trial of FOLFIRI + F every 2 weeks in patients (pts) with advanced solid tumors. Based on sequence- dependent inhibition, F was given 3 h after irinotecan but before 5-FU. Two maximum tolerated doses (MTD) were determined: MTD 1 (F over 1 h) and MTD 2 (F 30-min bolus + 4 h infusion). F pharmacokinetics (PK) were determined. Results: Of 74 pts treated, 63 were evaluable for toxicity and 56 for response. Pt characteristics: median age 60 (range 19–83), KPS 90 (70–90), prior regimens 3 (1–10). 39 pts received prior irinotecan. Tumor types: colorectal, gastric, HCC, GE junction, small bowel, pancreas, bile duct, breast, bladder, ovarian, sarcoma, melanoma, anal, urethral, thymic, head & neck, unknown primary. MTD 1 : F 80mg/ m 2 with irinotecan 180mg/m 2 , LV 400mg/m 2 , 5FU: 400mg/m 2 bolus + 2400mg/m 2 over 48 h. Dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) were diarrhea, fatigue, neutropenia, neuropathy. MTD 2 : F 35mg/m 2 bolus + 35mg/m 2 over 4 h with the same FOLFIRI dose. DLTs were diarrhea, neutropenia, and fatigue. Clinical activity included 2 partial responses (small bowel cancer, 10.3 m; bladder cancer, 10 m) and 1 complete response (mucosal melanoma 10.3 m). 22 pts had stable disease (median 5.9 m; range 1.5–25.7 m). Clinical benefit rate (CR + PR + SD for > 3 m) was 39% (22/56). Of 25 pts with colorectal cancer, 11 had as best response SD for > 3m (median 6 m, range 4.2–15.4 m), despite failing ≥ 1 irinotecan-containing regimen. 6 of those had significant decreases (36–78%) in CEA. F PK showed interpatient variability with no significant interaction between FOLFIRI dose and F C max . F C max increased with increasing F dose. At MTDs, there was higher C max in pts who experienced DLT (3.48μM) vs those who did not (2.21μM). Conclusions: F can be safely given as a bolus (80mg/m 2 ) or split dose (35mg/m 2 bolus + 35mg/ m 2 over 4 h) in combination with irinotecan 180mg/m 2 , LV 400mg/m 2 , 5FU: 400mg/m 2 bolus + 2400mg/m 2 over 48 h. Promising clinical activity is seen in mucosal melanoma and irinotecan-refractory colon cancer. (Supported by NCI R01CA67819) [Table: see text]
Caching Online Video (2017)

Online video presents new challenges to traditional caching with over a thousand-fold increase in number of assets, rapidly changing popularity of assets and much higher throughput requirements. We propose a new hierarchical filtering algorithm for caching online video HiFi. Our algorithm is designed to optimize hit rate, replacement rate and cache throughput. It has an associated implementation complexity comparable to that of LRU. Our results show that, under typical operator conditions, HiFi can increase edge cache byte hit rate by 5%--24% over an LRU policy, but more importantly can increase the RAM or memory byte hit rate by 80% to 200% and reduce the replacement rate by more than 100 times! These two factors combined can dramatically increase throughput for most caches. If SSDs are used for storage, the much lower replacement rate may also allow substitution of lower-cost MLC-based SSDs instead of SLC-based SSDs. We extend previous multi-tier analytical models for LRU caches to caches with filtering. We analytically show how HiFi can approach the performance of an optimal caching policy and how to tune HiFi to reach as close to optimal performance as the traffic conditions allow. We develop a realistic simulation environment for online video using statistics from operator traces. We show that HiFi performs within a few percentage points from the optimal solution which was simulated by Belady's MIN algorithm under typical operator conditions
On stochastic gradient descent and quadratic mutual information for image registration (2013)

Mutual information (MI) is quite popular as a cost function for intensity based registration of images due to its ability to handle highly non-linear relationships between intensities of the two images. More recently, quadratic mutual information (QMI) has been proposed as an alternative measure that computes Euclidean distance instead of KL divergence between the joint and the product of the marginal densities of pixel intensities. In this paper, we examine the conditions under which QMI is advantageous over the classical MI measure, for the image registration problem. We show that QMI is a better cost function to use for optimization methods such as stochastic gradient descent. We show that the QMI cost function remains much smoother than the classical MI measure on stochastic subsampling of the image data. As a consequence, QMI has a higher probability of convergence, even for larger degrees of initial misalignment of the images.
pFlours:A New Packetand Flow Gathering Tool (2008)

A networkmonitoring isanessential activity for managing, diagnosing, andprotecting networkresources. The network traffic gathering isafoundation ofthenetwork mon- itoring. Forthedetail networkmonitoring, boththepacket information andtheflowinformation isneeded. However, in thesampling neededenvironments, thesampling methodand timing ofthepacket andflow gathering tools aredifferent. Here, thesynchronization problem occurs. Thus,inthispaper, we present anewnetwork traffic gathering tool called pFlours. The proposed tool, pFlours, fetches apacket anddoesthesampling, andthenmakesflows andpacket dumpsusing thefetched packet. This, theensemble ofpacket andflowinformation eliminates a synchronization problem during sampling network traffic. Inthis paper, wepresent thespecification ofpFlours: theaims, features, design, andperformance. ThepFlours cangather flows aswell aspackets, solve thesynchronization problem, andexport the gathered packets andflows totheremotecollector. Furthermore, thepFlours consumes onlylittle system resource andshowsgood workonthehighspeednetworks. IndexTerms-pFlours, Flow, Packet, Tcpdump, NetFlow, Cap- ture, Gathering, Synchronization
Computer-aided design and optimization of high-speed electro-optic modulators: integrating the RF and EO models within a unified environment (2002)

The design of high-speed modulator requires to model, analyze and optimize not only the electro-optic interaction, but also the distributed microwave part of the device. Parasitic effects induced by package and transitions can completely mask the intrinsic device behaviour, leading to unacceptably poor input matching and electro-optic frequency response To account for such effects, we propose an integrated CAD model of the whole device within a microwave design environment.
A large-scale full-length cDNA analysis to explore the budding yeast transcriptome (2006)

We performed a large-scale cDNA analysis to explore the transcriptome of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We sequenced two cDNA libraries, one from the cells exponentially growing in a minimal medium and the other from meiotic cells. Both libraries were generated by using a vector-capping method that allows the accurate mapping of transcription start sites (TSSs). Consequently, we identified 11,575 TSSs associated with 3,638 annotated genomic features, including 3,599 ORFs, to suggest that most yeast genes have two or more TSSs. In addition, we identified 45 previously undescribed introns, including those affecting current ORF annotations and those spliced alternatively. Furthermore, the analysis revealed 667 transcription units in the intergenic regions and transcripts derived from antisense strands of 367 known features. We also found that 348 ORFs carry TSSs in their 3'-halves to generate sense transcripts starting from inside the ORFs. These results indicate that the budding yeast transcriptome is considerably more complex than previously thought, and it shares many recently revealed characteristics with the transcriptomes of mammals and other higher eukaryotes. Thus, the genome-wide active transcription that generates novel classes of transcripts appears to be an intrinsic feature of the eukaryotic cells. The budding yeast will serve as a versatile model for the studies on these aspects of transcriptome, and the full-length cDNA clones can function as an invaluable resource in such studies.
Mortality and risk factors for non-communicable diseases in Russia: Specific features, trends, and prognosis (2017)

In the Russian Federation, the increase in all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality began in the 1960s and lasted almost continuously until 2003. In our country, the characteristics of mortality are its substantially higher rates among men and a large regional variability, which is associated with economic, climatic, and geographic factors. Urbanization coupled with dietary changes and the higher prevalence of hypertension is the most likely initial impetus to the rise in mortality rates. The subsequent increase in mortality can be explained by the higher prevalence of behavioral and biological risk factors, alcoholism, and, since the 1990s, by heavy and protracted socioeconomic upheavals and lifestyle changes. The mortality decline since 2006 has been linked to the strengthening of the health system and to the reduction in the prevalence of smoking among men and hypertension in women. The slowing down of the pace of mortality decline may be due to the increase in the prevalence of hypertension and obesity among men. The modelling data show that by 2025, reductions in smoking prevalence rates by 23% among men and by 12% among women and increases in the efficiency of hypertension treatment by 17.2% in men and by 11.2% in women will reduce cardiovascular mortality rates by 15%.
3 The basic theory of neutron scattering (2000)

Abstract This chapter discusses ways to describe theoretically neutron scattering as a probe for condensed matter, first the scattering on a rigidly bound and isolated nucleus by the neutron-nucleus interaction as well as coherent and incoherent neutron scattering. Then the corresponding matrix element, in terms of perturbation theory of quantum mechanics, is derived which yields the double differential scattering cross-section of the sample as a function of momentum and energy transfer of the scattered neutrons. With the concept of the van Hove correlation functions, this matrix formulation is finally transformed into classical correlation functions, which are convenient if the particle motion can be described by classical dynamical models. In this way, the coherent scattering function S(Q, ω) is the double Fourier transform of the correlation function G(r,t), whereas the incoherent scattering function Si(Q, ω) is the double Fourier transform of the self-correlation function Gs(r,t). The convolution approximation relates S(Q, ω) to Si(Q, ω). The scattering intensity decreases with increasing Q due to the Debye–Waller factor which is directly connected to lattice vibrations.
ChemInform Abstract: Bisthiocyclomalto‐Oligosaccharides with Trehalosyl and Octyl Links: Their Synthesis for Dual‐Cavity Inclusion. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Structure of a cycloheptenone derivative (1986)

Racemic (1R,7S,9R)-2-methyl-6-oxobicyclo- (5.3.0)dec-2-en-9-yl methanesulfonate, C12HlsO4 S, Mr=258.3, orthorhombic, Pbca, a=8.745(2), b =33.451(5), c=8.845(2) A, V=2588A 3, Z=8, D x = 1.326 Mg m -3, 2(Mo Ka) = 0.71069 A, /z = 0.24 mm -1, F(000) = 1104, T = 298 K, R = 0.049 for 1387 unique observed reflections. The seven-membered ring adopts a boat and the five-membered ring a half-chair conformation; the ring junction is cis and the mesyloxy group axial. It had not proved possible to
Tuning Gold Nanoparticles Interfaces by Specific Peptide Interaction for Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) and Separation Applications (2013)

Surface functionalization and control over nanostructured interfaces represents a key aspect in nanoscience and nanobiotechnology. Nanoplasmonic structures for analyte detection typically require sophisticated nanofabrication techniques, as well as bioactivated nanostructures that need multistep conjugations for chemical ligation. An alternative to such complex processes is to rely on specific biomolecules adsorption for decoration or self-assembly of nanoparticles at solid/liquid interface. In principle, small biomolecules with specific binding properties to nanostructures could control the assembly without modifying the nanoparticle chemistry, pH of the solution or salt concentration. Importantly, such an approach could be direct, robust, and reversible. In this work, we report about the use of a specific peptide for direct and reversible adsorption on gold nanoparticles with tuned interfacial properties just by simply adjusting the ratio between the numbers of peptide molecules to the number of gold nanoparticles. This easy, direct and reversible assembly of gold nanoparticles mediated by the specific peptide makes this platform ideal for small-volume samples and low concentrations detection using surface enhanced Raman Spectroscopy, as well as for the capture or separation of biomolecules in complex mix.
Etude expérimentale et simulation des premiers stades de l’insertion d’hélium dans le tungstène (2017)

International audience
Linear Programming Based on Piece-Wise Linearization for Solving the Economic Load Dispatch Problem (2019)

This chapter discusses the application of linear programming (LP) techniques to find the optimal solution of the economic dispatch (ED) problem without considering transmission losses. The ED problem is concerned with optimizing the power generated by several generating units. The objective is to find the optimal power produced by each unit to supply the required load at minimum total cost. The generation cost associated with each unit is usually in the form of a quadratic or cubic function of the power produced. To apply LP, these nonlinear cost functions have to be linearized. The optimal solution is then determined by LP based on the approximate linear model. Piece-wise linearization methodology is adopted in this chapter. To evaluate the performance of the linearization method, a comprehensive set of benchmark test problems is used. LP solutions of linearized ED problems are compared with several other techniques from the literature. The LP technique with piece-wise linearization shows an overall competitive advantage in terms of total cost, solution time, and load satisfaction.
A Novel Drug Eluting Ureteral Stent: A Prospective, Randomized, Multicenter Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Effectiveness of a Ketorolac Loaded Ureteral Stent (2010)

The overall safety of the ketorolac loaded stent was confirmed. Although there was no significant difference in primary or secondary intervention rates, a trend toward a treatment benefit was noted for patients receiving drug loaded stents. Specifically young male patients appeared to require less pain medication when the ketorolac loaded stent was used. Future studies with higher drug concentrations or alternative drug eluting stents may prove beneficial.
Prediction of hospital mortality by classification trees and smoothing splines in patients with haematological malignancies admitted to the ICU (2009)

Introduction There is considerable uncertainty about the reproducibility of the various instruments used to measure dyspnea, their ability to reflect changes in symptoms, whether they accurately reflect the patient's experience and if its evolution is similar between acute heart failure syndrome patients and nonacute heart failure syndrome patients. URGENT was a prospective multicenter trial designed to address these issues. Methods Patients were interviewed within 1 hour of first physician evaluation, in the emergency department or acute care setting, with dyspnea assessed by the patient using both a five-point Likert scale and a 10-point visual analog scale (VAS) in the sitting (60) and then supine (20) position if dyspnea had not been considered severe or very severe by the sitting versus decubitus dyspnea measurement. Results Very good agreements were found between the five-point Likert and VAS at baseline (0.891, P <0.0001) and between changes (from baseline to hour 6) in the five-point Likert and in VAS (0.800, P <0.0001) in acute heart failure (AHF) patients. Lower agreements were found when changes from baseline to H6 measured by Likert or VAS were compared with the seven-point comparative Likert (0.512 and 0.500 respectively) in AHF patients. The worse the dyspnea at admission, the greater the amplitude of improvement in the first 6 hours; this relationship is stronger when dyspnea is measured with VAS (Spearman's rho coefficient = 0.672) than with the five-point Likert (0.272) (both P <0.0001) in AHF patients. By the five-point Likert, only nine patients (3% (1% to 5%)) reported an improvement in their dyspnea, 177 (51% (46% to 57%)) had no change, and 159 (46% (41% to 52%)) reported worse dyspnea supine compared with sitting up in AHF patients. The PDA test with VAS was markedly different between AHF and non-AHF patients. Conclusions Both clinical tools five-point Likert and VAS showed very good agreement at baseline and between changes from baseline to tests performed 6 hours later in AHF patients. The PDA test with VAS was markedly different between AHF and non-AHF patients. Dyspnea is improved within 6 hours in more than threequarters of the patients regardless of the tool used to measure the change in dyspnea. The greater the dyspnea at admission, the greater the amplitude of improvement in the first 6 hours.
Chitosan/Interfering RNA Nanoparticle Mediated Gene Silencing in Disease Vector Mosquito Larvae (2015)

Citation: Zhang, X., Mysore, K., Flannery, E., Michel, K., Severson, D. W., Zhu, K. Y., & Duman-Scheel, M. (2015). Chitosan/Interfering RNA Nanoparticle Mediated Gene Silencing in Disease Vector Mosquito Larvae. Jove-Journal of Visualized Experiments(97), 11. doi:10.3791/52523
Projection x-ray lithography with ultrathin imaging layers and selective electroless metallization (1993)

The effect of 193-nm excimer laser radiation on pellicles designed for 248-nm use is studied. The pellicles are transparent at 193 nm as well. However, prolonged irradiation causes gradual thinning and eventual rupture of the pellicle. The rate of change depends on the fluence and on the total dose but is not affected by the presence of atmospheric oxygen. Two-photon absorption plays an important role in the interaction between the laser and the pellicle material. Extrapolation to the approximately 0.1 mJ cm<sup>2</sup>/pulse fluences expected to be used in 193-nm steppers indicates that these pellicles will change little for several years in a full-production environment.
New Systemic Treatments for Onychomycosis (1995)

The inadequacy of systemic therapy for dermatophytoses is especially obvious in the treatment of onychomycosis. Griseofulvin has been the standard treatment for onychomycosis for over 30 years. Because nails grow slowly and because griseofulvin is fungistatic, the drug must be administered for 12 to 18 months, until the affected nail grows out. Long-term effectiveness is only about 30%.1 With ketoconazole, the cure rate in toenail infections after prolonged treatment is about 50%, and there are justifiable concerns about hepatotoxicity.2 Three new systemic fungicidal drugs -- itraconazole, fluconazole, and terbinafine -- appear to be more effective than griseofulvin and ketoconazole in the treatment of chronic dermatophytoses, including onychomycosis.3 These three agents bind to keratin and therefore accumulate in the nail.

Itraconazole and fluconazole are triazoles and terbinafine is an allylamine; both types of drugs inhibit ergosterol synthesis in the cell wall. Azoles inhibit 14-alpha demethylase and prevent conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol, leading to ergosterol depletion.2 Allylamines inhibit the squalene epoxidase that aids in the conversion of squalene to squalene epoxide in the ergosterol biosynthetic chain.4,5 The resultant build-up of squalene …
The UTIAS multi-robot cooperative localization and mapping dataset (2011)

This paper presents a two-dimensional multi-robot cooperative localization and mapping dataset collection for research and educational purposes. The dataset consists of nine sub-datasets, which can be used for studying problems such as robot-only cooperative localization , cooperative localization with a known map, and cooperative simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) . The data collection process is discussed in detail, including the equipment we used, how measurements were made and logged, and how we obtained groundtruth data for all robots and landmarks. The format of each file in each sub-dataset is also provided. The dataset is available for download at http://asrl.utias.utoronto.ca/datasets/mrclam/.
Photoablation with the free-electron laser in the far IR in biological soft tissue (cornea) (1995)

Wavelengths in the range from 12 micrometers up to 70 micrometers (far IR) have a water absorption coefficient in the same order as wavelengths used successfully for ablation near the 6 micrometers water absorption peak. Thus these wavelengths were considered to allow effective photothermal ablation of biological materials. The Free-Electron Laser (FEL) in Nieuwegein, NL (FELIX) is capable of delivering (far) IR laser light between 6 micrometers and 110 micrometers and was used for the first systematic investigation of the ablation quality (ablation depth per pulse and collateral damage beyond the surface) in the wavelength range between 12 micrometers and 70 micrometers . Porcine cadaver corneas were used as target material. Ablation depth per pulse as well as collateral thermal damage (extension of eosinophilic zone beyond the irradiated surface) were measured by histologic micrometry. It was found that the applied IR laser light can be used for an effective ablation of biological materials with a high water content. The experimental data are compared with theoretical values according to a previously described model for photoablation.
[pi]-Allyltricarbonyliron lactone complexes in asymmetric synthesis. (1997)

Digitisation of this thesis was sponsored by Arcadia Fund, a charitable fund of Lisbet Rausing and Peter Baldwin.
American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Nutrition: Use of oral fluid therapy and posttreatment feeding following enteritis in children in a developed country. (1985)

Note sur les solutions de rehydratation orale, les solutions orales de maintien de l'hydratation ou de prevention de la deshydratation, sur leur presentation, poudre ou liquide et sur les modalites de reintroduction de l'alimentation normale
Age-Dependent Retinal Iron Accumulation and Degeneration in Hepcidin Knockout Mice (2010)

These findings indicate that Hepc is essential for retinal iron regulation. In the absence of Hepc, retinal degeneration occurs. Increases in Hepc mRNA levels after intravitreal iron injection combined with Hepc-mediated decreases in iron export from cultured retinal capillary endothelial cells suggest that the retina may use Hepc for its tissue-specific iron regulation.