gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lymphocyte transformation in patients with cutaneous T‐cell lymphomas (1980)

The proliferative responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from ten patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma were tested after stimulation with a variety of mitogens, including phytohemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalin A (Con A), pokeweed mitogen (PWM), staphylococcal protein A (SPA), and lymphocyte-conditioned medium (LyCM). Responses were measured by the incorporation of tritiated thymidine and by flow microfluorometry (FMF). In general, responses were depressed, although a broad range of responses were observed ranging from very poor to near normal responses. SPA and PWM were the most potent mitogens in the CTCL patients, unlike controls in whom PHA and SPA were the optimum mitogens and PWM was weakly mitogenic. FMF studies in two patients clearly demonstrated that aneuploid Sezary cells and not admixed normal lymphocytes were proliferating in response to SPA and PWM stimulation. The unusual pattern of mitogen responses found in these CTCL patients suggests Sezary cells may be derived from T-cell subpopulations with special affinity for SPA and PWM. The ability of FMF to demonstrate that aneuploid cells respond to mitogen stimulation makes it a useful additional technique in the evaluation of lymphocyte blastogenesis in patients with malignant lymphoproliferative disorders.
Comparison of Passive Hemagglutination with Turkey Erythrocyte Assay, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, and Counterimmunoelectrophoresis Assay for Serological Evaluation of Tetanus Immunity (1983)

Antibody titers to tetanus toxin in human sera were assayed by passive hemagglutination with turkey erythrocytes, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and counterimmunoelectrophoresis. The first two of these tests were shown to be the most sensitive for antibody detection, having the same range of sensitivity and reproducibility. The antibody levels determined by these assays were up to 400-fold higher than those determined by counterimmunoelectrophoresis. The turkey erythrocyte hemagglutination assay requires only 40 min, whereas the immunosorbent assay method requires 24 h. These results suggest that the hemagglutination assay is the more appropriate method for rapid and sensitive determination of tetanus antibody levels.
THE INFRARED SPECTRUM OF $CH_{3}SH$. (1967)

$^{1}$ H. W. Thompson and C. H. Miller, Trans. Faraday Soc., 46, 22 (1950).
ChemInform Abstract: Conformationally Restricted TRH Analogues: Constraining the Pyroglutamate Region. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Differential eLoran Trials in Harwich Harbour (2007)

“A prudent navigator should not rely on a single source of navigational information.” Although GPS and the future European Galileo seem to be able to provide inexpensive, highly accurate navigation information, it has become clear in the last decade that neither system, nor the two together will be sufficient to guarantee safe navigation in the most demanding circumstances. Alternate or back-up systems are desirable. From a maritime perspective, the world’s shipping industry is experiencing a period of strong growth with seaborne trade at record levels and increasing 4 percent per year. Ships are larger and faster, sea-lanes more crowded, and crews are less experienced. New concepts, such as e-Navigation should make safe navigation easier and less expensive. However, the reliance on the correctness and availability of navigation and timing information for these systems becomes much stronger, thus increasing the operational risks when systems fail. In these cases a back-up system is a necessity. Initial differential eLoran trials conducted by UK’s General Lighthouse Authorities at Harwich in April 2006 and using a test transmitter at Rugby have demonstrated horizontal positioning accuracies better than 9 meters with 95 percent confidence using modern, miniaturized eLoran receivers. This puts eLoran on the same basis as single-frequency GPS or Galileo: each requires differential corrections to guarantee meeting the International Maritime Organisation’s (IMO) future accuracy requirements for port approach and restricted waters. IMO Resolution A.915(22) presents the revised maritime policy and requirements for a future GNSS. The paper describes the concept of differential eLoran positioning, the trial set-up and the results.
High-Order Sideband Generation in Quantum Wells Driven by Intense THz Radiation: Electron-Hole Recollisions (2012)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text B. Zaks, R. Liu, and M. S. Sherwin, "High-Order Sideband Generation in Quantum Wells Driven by Intense THz Radiation: Electron-Hole Recollisions," in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics 2012, OSA Technical Digest (Optical Society of America, 2012), paper QTu1H.3. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Pressurized Sprays of Permethrin or Deet on Military Clothing for Personal Protection Against Ixodes Dammini (Acari: Ixodidae)12 (1986)

Journal Article Pressurized Sprays of Permethrin or Deet on Military Clothing for Personal Protection Against Ixodes Dammini (Acari: Ixodidae) Get access C.E. Schreck, C.E. Schreck 3Insects Affecting Man and Animals Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, P.O. Box 14565, Gainesville, Florida 32604, USA. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar E.L. Snoddy, E.L. Snoddy 4Fisheries and Aquatic Ecology Branch, E & D Building, TVA, Muscle Shoals, Alabama 35660, USA. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. Spielman A. Spielman 5Department of Tropical Public Health, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Medical Entomology, Volume 23, Issue 4, 28 July 1986, Pages 396–399, https://doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/23.4.396 Published: 28 July 1986
Highly Selective Fluorescent Analogue of the Potent δ-Opioid Receptor Antagonist Dmt-Tic (2004)

A fluorescent tripeptide probe derived by coupling fluorescein to H-Dmt-Tic-Glu-NH2 was developed to interact with delta-opioid receptors with high affinity (Ki = 0.035 nM) and selectivity (Ki(mu)/Ki(delta) = 4371). It acts as an irreversible delta-opioid receptor antagonist, and binding to NG108-15 cells is blocked by the standard nonpeptidic delta-opioid receptor antagonist naltrindole. This probe should prove useful in the study of the distribution of delta-opioid receptors in tissues and the internalization of opioid peptides during signal transduction.
Chromosomal changes without DNA overproduction in hydroxyurea-treated mammalian cells: implications for gene amplification. (1986)

It has been reported that a 6-h incubation of early S-phase Chinese hamster cells with hydroxyurea promotes DNA overproduction, i.e., replication of DNA a second time within a single cell cycle, and that this could be the basis for gene amplification in drug-treated mammalian cells. When we incubated methotrexate-resistant Chinese hamster cells that were approximately 2 h into the S phase with hydroxyurea for 6 h, DNA that had been replicated before the incubation with hydroxyurea (early S-phase DNA) was replicated again within 11 h after the hydroxyurea treatment. However, incubation with colchicine or Colcemid after hydroxyurea treatment virtually abolished this overreplication, as well as that of the amplified dihydrofolate reductase genes in these cells, indicating that the second replication had occurred in a second cell cycle. Cells collected in the first mitosis after incubation with hydroxyurea never contained overreplicated DNA but did contain abundant chromosome aberrations. Early S-phase DNA replicated again on schedule during the first few hours after mitosis. Asymmetric segregation of chromosome fragments or unequal sister chromatid exchange may be the actual basis for gene amplification in drug-treated mammalian cells.
Seminal (2006)

We present a new way to generate type-error messages in a polymorphic, implicitly, and strongly typed language (specifically Caml). Our method separates error-message generation from type-checking by taking a fundamentally new approach: we present to programmers small term-level modifications that cause an ill-typed program to become well-typed. This approach aims to improve feedback to programmers with no change to the underlying type-checker nor the compilation of well-typed programs.We have added a prototype implementation of our approach to the Objective Caml system by intercepting type-checker error messages and using the type-checker on candidate changes to see if they succeed. This novel front-end architecture naturally decomposes into (1) enumerating local changes to the abstract syntax tree that may remove type errors, (2) searching for places to try the changes, (3) using the type-checker to evaluate the changes, and (4) ranking the changes and presenting them to the user.
Plug-and-Play Phasor Monitor for DxPSK Signals Based on Single Delay-Interferometer Using a 3×3 Optical Coupler (2008)

We report an adjustment-free DxPSK demodulator using a single delay-interferometer composed of a 3 x 3 optical coupler. We experimentally demonstrate wavelength- and polarization-independent monitoring of the differential phasor trajectory of DxPSK signals.
Assay Imprecision and 99th-Percentile Reference Value of a High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin I Assay (2009)

We undertook a performance evaluation and determination of the 99th-percentile reference value for the Siemens cTnI-Ultra with a fully characterized population that had undergone noninvasive cardiac imaging. Permission for the study was obtained from the local research ethics committee. Participants >45 years of age were randomly selected from the practice lists of 7 representative local community practices; 1392 individuals from the general population were invited. Demographic data were collected from the participants by questionnaire. Heart rate and blood pressure measurements (mean of 2 readings) and spirometry, electrocardiography, and echocardiography evaluations were performed. For measurements of fasting serum glucose, creatinine, and cardiac troponin, venous blood was collected into Becton Dickinson serum separator tubes and centrifuged. The serum was removed and stored at −70 °C. Frozen samples were thawed to room temperature, mixed, and centrifuged before analysis. The left ventricular ejection fraction was calculated quantitatively with Simpson’s apical biplane method (1). The left ventricular mass was calculated with the Devereux-modified American Society of Echocardiography equation(2). Valvular regurgitation and stenosis were assessed qualitatively on a 5-point scale. Diastolic heart failure …
Polyethylene Terephthalate and Polycarbonate Microplastics in Sewage Sludge Collected from the United States (2019)

Microplastics (MPs) are emerging pollutants of public health and environmental concern. Sewage sludge is a sink for MPs that originate from domestic sources and can provide an indication of the magnitude of discharge of MPs by local populations. Nevertheless, reports of quantitative analysis of MPs present in sewage sludge are limited. In this study, 65 sewage sludge samples collected from sewage treatment plants (STPs) across the United States were analyzed for MPs originating from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polycarbonate (PC) using alkali-assisted thermal depolymerization and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. PET and PC were detected in all sludge samples at concentrations (dry weight) in the ranges of 28–12000 μg/g (median of 370 μg/g) and 0.70–8400 μg/g (median of 5.9 μg/g), respectively. The concentrations of PET and PC varied, depending on the treatment capacity of the STPs. The annual environmental emission of MPs through sludge disposal was estimated at 3700000 kg/year for PET and 310000 kg/year for PC. Our results provide a quantitative estimate of emission of MPs through land application of sludge.
Polyborane reactions in ionic liquids (2006)

Abstract In contrast to reactions that have been observed in traditional organic solvents, decaborane olefin-hydroboration and alkyne-insertion reactions proceed in ionic liquid (IL) solvents without the need of a catalyst. These reactions now provide important new, high-yield synthetic pathways to functionalized decaborane and ortho -carborane clusters. As illustrated by the synthesis of n -B 18 H 22 , ILs can also provide an inert reaction medium for carrying out dehydrocondensation reactions leading to higher fused cage compounds.
A Baseline Study and Calibration for Multidisciplinary Design Optimization of Hybrid Composite Wind Turbine Blade (2011)

Preliminary baseline finite element (FE) model calibrations and evaluations are developed to assist and guide multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) of a large-scale hybrid composite wind turbine blade. The weight, displacement, and failure index are compared and used for calibration purposes. In addition, a cost estimation model is calibrated for labor hour, as well as labor cost, material cost and total cost. Stability of baseline wind turbine blade against harmonic resonance due to rotor rotation is validated by finite element analysis (FEA). A MDO process is proposed using the calibrated FE and cost estimation models. The MDO optimizes multiple objectives such as blade length, weight, manufacturing cost, and power production. For this analysis, the turbine blade is divided into regions and the sequence of hybrid laminate layup for each region is considered as design variables. Extreme wind condition for rotor rotation and rotor stop condition is considered as the applied load on the blade. The designed structural strength and stiffness are demonstrated to withstand the loads due to harmonic excitation from rotor rotation. A process of design procedure for obtaining an optimum hybrid composite laminate layup and an optimum blade length of a wind turbine blade structure is developed in this research.
Terminal Phase Navigation (1968)

Precise measures of position and velocity of an aircraft have important applications during the landing phase. Such measures can be obtained, in directions, normal to an instrument landing system (ILS) reference path, by suitably tying together an inertial navigation system and an instrument landing system. Operations performed on the difference between ILS position and inertially-measured position yield corrections to the inertially-measured position and velocity. An important facet of the fully automatic landing problem is the acquisition of the ILS localizer course. A considerable improvement in performance, compared with that of a conventional system, may be realized during this phase by applying optimal control theory with a minimal time-to-acquisition criterion. The second part of this paper presents a practicable realization of a minimal-time controller which utilizes information derived from the ILS receiver and an on-board inertial navigation system. Solution characteristics are presented for the Boeing 2707 SST.
Model-based control of rapid thermal processes (2005)

Parameter estimation of a nonlinear dynamic model for a rapid thermal processing system in single wafer semiconductor processing has been performed. A model transformation is presented that significantly improves the conditioning of the control system. A successively linearized quadratic dynamic matrix control (QDMC) strategy using the model transformation has been developed. Experimental results of the control strategy are presented and compared with internal model control (IMC) with gain scheduling. The nonlinear controller presented in this paper shows superior performance for the test case studied.
[Physiopathology and molecular diagnosis for prion diseases]. (2000)

Prion diseases, including Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), are infectious neurodegenerative disorders. The etiological agent, prion, is postulated to consist mainly of a proteinase K-resistant isoform of prion protein (PrPSc) which is generated by post-translational conversion from the proteinase K-sensitive normal version (PrPC) physiologically expressed on the surface of neuronal and glial cells. The constitutive conversion results in the tremendous accumulation of PrPSc in the prion-infected brain. Homozygous disruption of the Prnp gene encoding PrPC renders mice resistant to prion, and the animals are no longer capable of generating PrPSc, indicating an essential role for PrPSc in the pathogenesis of prion diseases. The PrP-null mice (Ngsk Prnp0/0) revealed progressive ataxia due to the degeneration of cellebellar Purkinje cells at old ages. Successful rescue of Ngsk Prnp0/0 mice from neurodegeneration by a transgene encoding the normal mouse PrPC has indicated that the functional loss of PrPC is essential for this phenotype. Moreover, we detected aberrant mRNAs chimeric between Prnp exon 1-2 and a novel gene encoding PrP-like protein (PrPLP). These results suggested that, in addition to the functional loss of PrPC, ectopic expression of the PrPLP in the brain of Ngsk Prnp0/0 mice could be associated with Purkinje cell degeneration.
Equimolar mixtures of divalent transition metal perchlorates as constant ionic media in studies on complex formation in non-aqueous donor solvents. Chloro complex formation in dimethyl sulphoxide (1982)

Equimolar mixtures of divalent transition metal perchlorates in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) have been used as constant ionic media for studying the formation of complexes of metal cations with weakly coordinating anions. Isopiestic experiments indicate the same solvent activities and accordingly the same activity coefficients of the solutes in such mixtures. In the present study Co(ClO4)2 is used as one component of the mixture and optical absorptions due to CoCl3DMSO–, which is formed on addition of Et4NCl, are used to study chloride complexing with several transition metals.
Photolysis of Imidazolinone Herbicides in Aqueous Solution and on Soil (1992)

The photolytic degradation of several imidazolinone herbicides in solution and on soil was investigated. Ultraviolet light caused 100% degradation of imazaquin, imazethapyr, and imazapyr, and 87 and 8% degradation of imazamethabenz and atrazine in aqueous solutions, respectively, after 48 h. The order of susceptibility to photolysis in decreasing order was imazaquin = imazethapyr > imazapyr > imazamethabenz > atrazine. In soil Studies, 45% of imazaquin and 52% of imazethapyr dissipated from moist sand after 48 h of exposure. Herbicide dissipation on air-dry sand and on field capacity and air-dry silty clay loam was less than 10% in most instances. Atrazine photolysis was not detected. This research indicates that photolysis of imidazolinone herbicides in solution is rapid. Photolysis on soil occurs readily on coarse-textured wet soils probably due to greater availability of the herbicide for photochemical alteration.
Experiments on the growth rate of surface instabilities in a linear pinched discharge (1960)

Abstract Photographic observations on the growth of surface instabilities in a linear pinched discharge are presented, and numerical results on the growth rates are deduced from them. These are discussed with reference to the various theoretical studies made. It is shown that the Rayleigh-Taylor type of instability is likely to be the dominant process and an attempt is made to compare the observed growth rates with those predicted.
Deep learning for neuroimaging: a validation study (2013)

Deep learning methods have recently made notable advances in the tasks of classification and representation learning. These tasks are important for brain imaging and neuroscience discovery, making the methods attractive for porting to a neuroimager's toolbox. Success of these methods is, in part, explained by the flexibility of deep learning models. However, this flexibility makes the process of porting to new areas a difficult parameter optimization problem. In this work we demonstrate our results (and feasible parameter ranges) in application of deep learning methods to structural and functional brain imaging data. We also describe a novel constraint-based approach to visualizing high dimensional data. We use it to analyze the effect of parameter choices on data transformations. Our results show that deep learning methods are able to learn physiologically important representations and detect latent relations in neuroimaging data.
Physiological and Pathological Aspects of Human NK Cells (2012)

Natural Killer (NK) cells were first defined, more than 30 years ago, on the basis of their unique capability of killing spontaneously different targets including tumor and virusinfected cells. Thus, since their first discovery, NK cells came across as a potential attractive tool for the implementation of immuno-therapeutic strategies for different diseases. Accordingly, besides the plethora of studies aimed at investigating their functional and phenotypic properties, considerable efforts have also been spent in the past several years to understand how these cells could be generated and how their functions could be regulated and/or manipulated. At the same time further attention has been paid on their alteration in vivo and their potential role in the occurrence of NK cell-based hematological malignancies.
python-pillow/Pillow 7.1.2 (2020)

https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/stable/releasenotes/7.1.2.html
Investigation of an In-cylinder Ion Sensing Assisted HCCI Control Strategy (2005)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Recent research activities have greatly expanded the understanding of HCCI, its controlling mechanisms, and operation strategies. However, substantially more work is required before HCCI engines will be ready for production. This includes development of a methodology for feedback and closed-loop control of the fuel and air systems to realize HCCI combustion over the speed load range in a production vehicle. In this paper, we use in-cylinder ion sensing to extract the timing of start of combustion and monitor other combustion information such as knocking as feedback signals for closed loop control of HCCI engines. The ion sensor we use is modified from the existing glow plug. This method will minimize the cost relative to an in-cylinder pressure sensor and signal conditioning circuitry while providing equivalent combustion information for the ECU to control the engine. The parameters that affect the ion signal are identified and relationship of ion signal to start of combustion is established, which can be used for HCCI engine control. Ion sensing not only can detect start of fast reaction, but under certain conditions, can also detect the start of cool flame reaction. This correlation could be used to control engine parameters such as charge composition, temperature, and boost of the HCCI engine. However, there is a limitation of when ion sensing is effective and when it is not. At light load, the ion signal strength is too low to be detected. When HCCI combustion is stable and smooth, the ionization signal is stable and the distinction between different combustion phases can be easily identified on the raw ion signal. When HCCI combustion is unstable and violent, the ionization reflects the combustion characteristics as ringing on the ion signal.</div>