gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 5: A New Miniaturized Chest Compressor (2006)

Introduction. After prolonged cardiac arrest, uninterrupted chest compression with restoration of myocardial blood flow facilitates defibrillation (2005 AHA Guidelines for CPR, Circulation 2005 ; 112 : 24 ). We recognized that such may best be accomplished with a mechanical device and especially so during transport. We therefore sought a lightweight, portable chest compressor which may be carried on the belt of the first response rescuer. This device contrasts with currently available large devices with high energy requirements. Hypothesis. A Miniaturized Pneumatic Chest Compressor (MCC) weighing less than 2 kg will be as effective as the standard “Thumper” for restoring circulation during CPR. Methods. In 10 domestic male pigs weighing 40 ± 2 kg, ventricular fibrillation (VF) was electrically induced and untreated for 5 minutes. Animals were randomized to receive chest compressions with either the MCC or a Thumper R (Model 1000, Michigan Instruments, Grand Rapids, MI) after 5 minutes of untreated cardiac arrest. After 5 minutes of mechanical chest compression, defibrillation was attempted with a 150 J biphasic precordial shock. Coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) and ETCO 2 were measured by conventional techniques together with right carotid artery blood flow (CBF) utilizing an ultransonic flowprobe. Results. Each animal compressed with the MCC and 4 of 5 animals compressed with Thumper R were successfully resuscitated. No significant differences in CPP or ETCO 2 were observed between groups (Table ). Conclusions. The Miniaturized Chest Compressor of small dimension and weight is as effective as the conventional Thumper for maintaining forward blood flow during CPR. (Patent in favour of the Weil Institute is pending)
HYDROGENATION OF CO OVER SILICA-SUPPORTED Mo–Ir CATALYSTS (1985)

Abstract Silica-supported Mo–Ir bimetallic catalysts exhibited much higher activity than the monometallic Mo or Ir catalyst for the hydrogenation of CO at 220–240 °C and 21 atm. Alcohols up to four carbon atoms were found to be produced over the bimetallic catalysts.
Transsplenic Portal System Catheterization: Review of Current Indications and Techniques (2022)

Multiple diseases of the portal system require effective portal vein access for endovascular management. While percutaneous transhepatic and transjugular approaches remain the standard methods of portal vein access, transsplenic access (TSA) has gained recognition as an effective and safe technique to access the portal system in patients with contraindications to traditional approaches. Recently, the utility of percutaneous TSA has grown, with described treatments including recanalization of chronic portal vein occlusion, placement of stents for portal vein stenosis, portal vein embolization of the liver, embolization of gastric varices, placement of complicated transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts, and interventions after liver transplant. The authors provide a review of percutaneous TSA, including indications, a summary of related portal vein diseases, and the different techniques used for access and closure. In addition, an imaging-based review of technical considerations of TSA interventions is presented, with a review of potential procedural complications. With technical success rates that mirror or rival the standard methods and reported low rates of major complications, TSA can be a safe and effective option in clinical scenarios where traditional approaches are not feasible. <sup>©</sup>RSNA, 2022.
Vascular control of platelet function (2002)

The vascular endothelium is a dynamic cellular interface between the blood and subendothelial tissue and is critical for the maintenance of blood flow and hemostasis. The endothelium releases substances (Fig. 29.1) that play an important role in the modulation of vascular tone and permeability, as well as blood fluidity. These substances affect vascular tone by causing both vasodilation [prostaglandin I2 (PGI2), nitric oxide (NO), and endothelium- derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF)] and vasoconstriction [thromboxane A2 (TXA2) and endothelin (Et-1)], with the interaction between these two processes ultimately determining the tone of the vessel. In addition to modulating vascular tone, substances released from the endothelium affect platelet adhesion and aggregation. Nitric oxide inhibits platelets adhesion and aggregation, and PGI2 inhibits platelet aggregation.
ΣΔ capacitive interface for a vertically-driven XaY-axis rate gyroscope (2002)

This paper presents the capacitive sensing interface for a vertically-driven X&Y-Axis rate gyroscope fabricated in a monolithic MEMS/circuits technology with 0.8µm CMOS and 6µm thick structural polysilicon. The Coriolis-acceleration transducer and the capacitive sensing interface form a continuous-time 2nd-order 1-bit ΣΔ modulator. The gyroscope achieves 8.6°/sec/√Hz noise floor at atmospheric pressure.
Investigation of the potential of silica-bonded macrocyclic ligands for separation of metal ions from nuclear waste. [Macrocyclic ligands covalently bonded to silica gel] (1992)

This report describes the testing of some novel separations materials known as SuperLig{trademark} materials for their ability to separate efficiently and selectively certain metal ions from a synthetic, nonradioactive nuclear waste solution. The materials, developed and patented by IBC Advanced Technologies, are highly selective macrocyclic ligands that have been covalently bonded to silica gel. The SuperLig{trademark} materials that were tested are: (1) SuperLig{trademark} 601 for barium (Ba{sup 2+}) and strontium (Sr{sup 2+}) separation, (2) SuperLig{trademark} 602 for cesium (Cs{sup +}) and rubidium (Rb{sup +}) separation, (3) SuperLig{trademark} 27 for palladium (Pd{sup 2+}) separation, and (4) SuperLig{trademark} II for silver (Ag{sup +}) and ruthenium (Ru{sup 3+}) separation. Our observations show that the technology for separating metal ions using silica-bonded macrocycles is essentially sound and workable to varying degrees of success that mainly depend on the affinity of the macrocycle for the metal ion of interest. It is expected that ligands will be discovered or synthesized that are amenable to separating metal ions of interest using this technology. Certainly more development, testing, and evaluation is warranted. 3 figs., 11 tabs.
Reaktivität des Phenyl‐chinoxalinyl‐(2)‐glyoxals (1969)

Abstract Die Synthese der Titelverbindung ( 2 ) sowie ihre Umsetzung mit o ‐Phenylendiamin und Amidrazonen zu den Heterocyclen 4 – 6 wird beschrieben. Unter den Bedingungen der Benzilsäureumlagerung und beim Versuch der alkalisch katalysierten Kondensation mit Dibenzylketon entstehen unerwartete Produkte.
Conformal array antenna for mobile satellite communications (1992)

Abstract In the case of mobile satellite communication antennas for automobiles and aircraft, a necessary electrical characteristic is to scan the beam over a wide angle. Also, from the viewpoint of aerodynamics and design, conformal arrays are desirable which are fit to the shape of the moving body. This paper discusses the radiation characteristics of a conformal array suitable for mobile satellite communications. In addition, a one‐piece fabrication of a conformal array is carried out and its electrical characteristics are evaluated. First, it is shown by means of computation of a 16‐element partial spherical array with icosahedron arrangement that the radiation characteristics can be varied by adjusting the curvature in the conformal array and there exists an optimum value. Next, a trial fabrication is carried out to establish a one‐piece fabrication technique. The test results are described for a 16‐element hemispherical array made by a vacuum‐forming method and a 16‐element partial spherical array made by a roundfaced compression method which is employed to improve the fabrication accuracy of a thin partial spherical array. Excellent single‐element characteristics and array radiation characteristics are obtained with the 16‐element partial spherical array using the round‐faced compression method. Hence, the validity of the fabrication method is verified.
Validation of an indicator of mammalian retinal receptor response: recovery in the dark following exposure to a luminous stimulus. (1967)

A histochemical reaction has been described which allows the investigator to distinguish between light and dark adapted retinal receptors. The incubation medium employed contained NBT, succinate, TC 199, and a buffer. The reactive process studied has its locus in the ellipsoid of the retinal receptor. Several response characteristics of this reaction have been reported, including the finding that this reactive process is dependent upon the absorption of energy by photosensitive pigment located in the neighboring receptor outer segment. In this paper, the recovery of the reactive process in the dark following exposure to light has been considered. Dark adapted albino rats were exposed to calibrated luminous stimuli (500 nm.). After exposure, varying time periods (in the dark) were allowed prior to dissecting the retina from the eye of the living animal. The dissected retina was incubated in the dark in our standard medium, the reaction was stopped, and the retina was examined for the presence (or lack) of a stained image of the instrument field stop. The retinal irradiance of the (initial) stimulus was determined for threshold detection of the (subsequently) stained latent image on the retina. A relatively simple semilogarithmic relationship was found between the stimulus magnitude necessary to induce a just noticeable stained image, and the time the animal was kept in the dark following light exposure (recovery time). The following added test conditions were considered: (1) The retina was dissected immediately after exposure and placed in normal saline in the dark for the test period; then, it was processed in the standard, manner. (2) The animal was killed immediately after exposure to the stimulus; the eye was left in situ during the recovery period; then, the retina was dissected and processed in the usual way.
Single-phase fluid flow classification via learning models (2011)

Abstract This paper applies learning models, such as support vector machines (SVM), neural networks, and mixed-integer programming kernel classifiers (MIPKC) to classify the flow pattern of a non-Newtonian fluid in an annulus/pipe. Classification of flow patterns is characterized by six attributes that represent the parameters that determine the fluid flow in the annulus/pipe. The SVM and MIPKC learning models construct a separating hyperplane in the feature space. The weights of the hyperplane represent a scaled level of importance for each of the parameters. Preliminary results show that the most efficient model with respect to computation time favours the SVM model with a polynomial kernel of degree 2. However, with respect to low error rates and sparseness of solution, one of the MIPKC models with a polynomial kernel of degree 2 outperforms the other methods. Keywords: support vector machinesneural networksmixed-integer programming kernel classifiersfluid flow pattern classification Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Science Foundation Grant EIA-0205628. Notes †Present address: IBM Business Analytics and Optimization, 71 S Wacker Drive, Chicago, IL 60606, USA. 1. Email: dr_o_olad@hotmail.com Additional informationNotes on contributorsOlutayo O. Oladunni 1 †
ChemInform Abstract: Replacement of the Activated Nitro Group by a Phenylthio Group. (1986)

Abstract The nitro compounds (I), whose nitro grAoup is activated by a carbonyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group or by a phenyl group react with PhSH under neutral conditions to form the phenylthio compounds (II) by Substitution of the activated nitro group by a thiophenyl group.
Purse-string Sutures for Hyperopia Following Radial Keratotomy (1998)

Double intrastromal purse-string suturing produces steepening of the central cornea and reduces hyperopia after radial keratotomy.
Conditional, genetic disruption of ciliary neurotrophic factor receptors reveals a role in adult motor neuron survival (2008)

In the published paper of Lee et al. (2008), there was an error in Fig. 4: the double dagger (‡) indicating P < 0.01 was omitted from the ‘AAV-Cre 4 months’ bar. The publishers apologize for this error, and reproduce the corrected figure with its legend here. Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-Cre recombinase (Cre) injection into the facial motor nucleus of floxed CNTFRα mice leads to genotype-dependent loss of facial MNs. The mean (±SEM) number of facial MNs in wild-type (open bars) and floxed CNTFRα (solid bars) mice following the indicated treatments. N per condition presented in bars. Less than identically treated wild-type controls *P < 0.05; **P < 0.001; less than vehicle (phosphate-buffered saline; PBS)-injected wild-type controls ‡P < 0.01.
Multiple Connexins Form Gap Junction Channels in Rat Basilar Artery Smooth Muscle Cells (1999)

Three connexins, Cx43, Cx40, and Cx37, have been found by protein or mRNA analysis to be prominent in mammalian blood vessels, but electrophysiological characterization of gap junction channels in freshly isolated vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) has not previously been reported. We used a dual-perforated patch-clamp technique to study gap junction conductances in SMC pairs from rat basilar arteries. Macroscopic junctional conductance (Gj) measured in 98 cell pairs with either Cs+ or K+ ranged between 0.68 and 24.8 nS. In weakly coupled cells (Gj<5 nS), single-channel currents were readily resolved without pharmacological uncoupling agents, allowing identification of 4 major unitary conductances. Two of these conductances, 80 to 120 pS and 150 to 200 pS, corresponded to the major conductance states for homotypic channels formed from Cx43 or Cx40, which we confirmed were present in smooth muscle by immunofluorescence analysis. Two other conductances, 220 to 280 pS and >300 pS, were identified that have not been previously reported in vascular SMCs. Macroscopic recordings revealed currents that deactivated incompletely over a broad range of transjunctional potentials. In about half of the pairs, we identified macroscopic as well as single-channel currents that exhibited marked voltage asymmetry, consistent with nonhomotypic, ie, either heterotypic or heteromeric channels. Our data indicate that basilar artery SMCs are coupled in vivo in a richly complex manner, involving Cx43, Cx40, and other large-conductance channels, and that a significant number of couplings involve putative nonhomotypic channels.
A novel <i>PRRT2</i> pathogenic variant in a family with paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia and benign familial infantile seizures (2017)

Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by recurrent attacks of dyskinetic movements without alteration of consciousness that are often triggered by the initiation of voluntary movements. Whole-exome sequencing has revealed a cluster of pathogenic variants in <i>PRRT2</i> (proline-rich transmembrane protein), a gene with a function in synaptic regulation that remains poorly understood. Here, we report the discovery of a novel <i>PRRT2</i> pathogenic variant inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern in a family with PKD and benign familial infantile seizures (BFIS). After targeted Sanger sequencing did not identify the presence of previously described <i>PRRT2</i> pathogenic variants, we carried out whole-exome sequencing in the proband and her affected paternal grandfather. This led to the discovery of a novel <i>PRRT2</i> variant, NM_001256442:exon3:c.C959T/NP_660282.2:p.A320V, altering an evolutionarily conserved alanine at the amino acid position 320 located in the M2 transmembrane region. Sanger sequencing further confirmed the presence of this variant in four affected family members (paternal grandfather, father, brother, and proband) and its absence in two unaffected ones (paternal grandmother and mother). This newly found variant further reinforces the importance of <i>PRRT2</i> in PKD, BFIS, and possibly other movement disorders. Future functional studies using animal models and human pluripotent stem cell models will provide new insights into the role of <i>PRRT2</i> and the significance of this variant in regulating neural development and/or function.
Vergleichende Analyse der Genexpressionsprofile von humanen adulten neuralen Stammzellen (2005)

Besonders in der Stammzellbiologie ist die stadienabhängige Expression von bestimmten Proteinen entscheidend für den Verlauf von Proliferation, Differenzierung und Zelltod (Apoptose). Ziel dieser Arbeit ist daher die Etablierung der Real-Time-PCR Methode für das Erstellen von Genexpressionsprofilen neuraler Stammzellen aus mRNA-Quantifizierungsanalysen. Da die Beobachtung auf mRNA-Ebene sowohl Translation als auch Transkription mit einbezieht, können Aussagen über bereits erworbene morphologische Merkmale(Strukturproteine, Enzyme) ebenso getroffen werden, wie über biochemische Vorgänge in der Zelle. Beispiele dafür sind molekulare Schaltmechanismen, Signaltransduktion oder molekulargenetische Prozesse, wie Transkriptionsaktivatoren und Suppressoren. Ein weiteres Ziel dieser Untersuchungen ist die Charakterisierung von humanen adulten neuralen Stammzellen unterschiedlicher Stadien. Dies ist unumgänglich, um Klonierungen und Zellsortierungen genetisch zu überprüfen und Aussagen über die Reinheit von Stammzellpopulationen treffen zu können.
Space station experiment definition: Advanced power system test bed (1986)

A conceptual design for an advanced photovoltaic power system test bed was provided and the requirements for advanced photovoltaic power system experiments better defined. Results of this study will be used in the design efforts conducted in phase B and phase C/D of the space station program so that the test bed capabilities will be responsive to user needs. Critical PV and energy storage technologies were identified and inputs were received from the idustry (government and commercial, U.S. and international) which identified experimental requirements. These inputs were used to develop a number of different conceptual designs. Pros and cons of each were discussed and a strawman candidate identified. A preliminary evolutionary plan, which included necessary precursor activities, was established and cost estimates presented which would allow for a successful implementation to the space station in the 1994 time frame.
ChemInform Abstract: ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE AND NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE STUDY OF THE REDUCTION OF RHODIUM/TITANIUM DIOXIDE SYSTEMS AT 298 K (1984)

Abstract Rh/TiO 2 ‐Katalysatoren sind bei 298 K leicht durch H 2 O reduzierbar, während TiO 2 allein nicht reduziert wird.
Nonlocal content of quantum operations (2001)

We show that quantum operations on multiparticle systems have a nonlocal content; this mirrors the nonlocal content of quantum states. We introduce a general framework for discussing the nonlocal content of quantum operations, and give a number of examples. Quantitative relations between quantum actions and the entanglement and classical communication resources needed to implement these actions are also described. We also show how entanglement can catalyze classical communication from a quantum action.
Requirements for Name Resolution Service in ICN (2018)

This document discusses the motivation and requirements for Name
Resolution Service (NRS) in ICN. The NRS in ICN is to translate an
object name into some other information such as locator and another
name which is used for forwarding the object request.
Conoscopic interferometry of wafers for surface-acoustic wave devices (1997)

We show that in interpreting the conoscopic interference fringes, one should exercise care in employing approximate expressions which fail for certain crystal cuts. In this paper, we study 64°- and 128°-rotated Y-cut and Z-cut LiNbO3 wafers. We show that the error made in using the approximate formulae for the samples is more than 25% and that one has to use exact formulae in order to attain quantitative agreement with the experimental data.
Notch‐3 receptor activation drives inflammation and fibrosis following tubulointerstitial kidney injury (2012)

Kidney diseases impart a vast burden on affected individuals and the overall health care system. Progressive loss of renal parenchymal cells and functional decline following injury are often observed. Notch-1 and -2 receptors are crucially involved in nephron development and contribute to inflammatory kidney diseases. We specifically determined the participation of receptor Notch-3 following tubulointerstitial injury and in inflammatory responses. Here we show by heat map analyses that Notch-3 transcripts are up-regulated in human kidney diseases. A similar response was corroborated with kidney cells following TGF-β exposure in vitro. The murine unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model mirrors hallmarks of tubulointerstitial injury and damage. A subset of tubular and interstitial cells demonstrated up-regulated Notch-3 receptor expression in diseased animals. We hypothesized a relevance of Notch-3 receptors for the chemotactic response. To address this question, animals with genetic ablation of receptor Notch-3 were analysed following UUO. As a result, we found that Notch-3-deficient animals are protected from tubular injury and cell loss with significantly reduced interstitial collagen deposition. Monocytic cell infiltration was significantly reduced and retarded, likely due to abrogated chemokine synthesis. A cell model was set up that mimics enhanced receptor Notch-3 expression and activation. Here a pro-mitogenic response was seen with activated signalling in tubular cells and fibroblasts. In conclusion, Notch-3 receptor fulfils non-redundant roles in the inflamed kidney that may not be replaced by other Notch receptor family members. Thus, specific blockade of this receptor may be suitable as therapeutic option to delay progression of kidney disease.
Overview of quantum error prevention and leakage elimination (2004)

Abstract Quantum error prevention strategies will be required to produce a scalable quantum computing device and are of central importance in this regard. Progress in this area has been quite rapid in the past few years. In order to provide an overview of the achievements in this area, we discuss the three major classes of error prevention strategies, the abilities of these methods and the shortcomings. We then discuss the combinations of these strategies which have recently been proposed in the literature. Finally, we present recent results in reducing errors on encoded subspaces using decoupling controls. We show how to generally remove mixing of an encoded subspace with external states (termed leakage errors) using decoupling controls. Such controls are known as ‘leakage elimination operations’ or ‘LEOs’.
Performance evaluation of channel coding for Gbps 60-GHz OFDM-based wireless communications (2010)

In this paper, we undertake a comparison of LDPC (768,384) and convolutional (171,133) codes for 60-GHz OFDM-based wireless communication systems. The comparison is based on two parameters: Frame Error Rate (FER) for 60-GHz channels and decoding hardware complexity for a required throughput of more than 1 Gbps. Additionally, we provide performance parameters of a fully parallel LDPC decoder chip, fabricated in our IHP in-house 0.13 μm CMOS technology, achieving a throughput of more than 1 Gbps.