gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A new class of cationic cyclodextrins: synthesis and chemico-physical properties (2010)

A new class of positively charged triazole-bridged β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) derivatives have been synthesized in excellent yields (over 70%) through a copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC), starting from 6I-azido-6I-deoxy-β-CD or its permethylated derivative and a series of 1-butyl-3-alkynylimidazolium salts. The regioselective azide/alkyne [3 + 2] cycloaddition was efficiently carried out using metallic copper as the catalyst, affording very clean products. Easy access to such hybrid molecules that combine the properties of CDs and ionic liquids, may pave the way to a number of new applications in analytical chemistry and catalysis.
Evidence of excitotoxicity in the brain of the ornithine carbamoyltransferase deficient sparse fur mouse (1995)

Ornithine carbamoyltransferase deficiency (OCTD) is the most common inborn error of urea synthesis. An X-linked disorder, OCTD males commonly present with hyperammonemic coma in the newborn period. There is a high rate of mortality and morbidity, with most survivors sustaining severe brain damage and resultant developmental disabilities. Although ammonia is presumed to be the principal neurotoxin, there is evidence that other neurochemical alterations may also be involved. The OCTD sparse fur (spf/Y) mouse has proven to be a useful model of this disease with similar metabolic and neurochemical alterations to those found in the human disease. In this study, the levels of the tryptophan derived excitotoxin quinolinic acid were examined in the brains of spf/Y mice. In addition, the neuropathology was examined using both light and electron microscopic approaches. Consistent with reports in children with urea cycle disorders, the levels of tryptophan and quinolinic acid were increased two-fold in various brain regions of the spf/Y mouse. Quinolinic acid, an agonist at the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, is known to produce selective cell loss in the striatum. We found a significant loss of medium spiny neurons and increased numbers of reactive oligodendroglia and microglia in the striatum of spf/Y mice. These neurochemical and neuropathological observations are consistent with an excitotoxic influence on brain injury in OCTD. It leads us to suggest that administration of NMDA receptor antagonists may ameliorate brain damage in children with inborn errors of urea synthesis.
Diffusion of Fibers in a Tubular Flow (1988)

Abstract Based on an ellipsoidal particle model, the equivalent diameter for the slip correction, diffusion coefficient, and diffusion diameter of fibers were obtained from the adjusted sphere method of Dahneke. The diffusion coefficient calculated for polydisperse crocidolite fibers compared favorably with available experimental data. Deposition of fibers in a tubular flow was then calculated with the use of the derived diffusion coefficient and applied to the human lung airways. The effect of velocity shear on particle orientation was also considered. It was found that the velocity shear had only a small effect on deposition. For a given fiber size, deposition increased in the lung distally, but at the same fiber diameter, the efficiency decreased with increasing aspect ratio.
Essential Elements of Evidenced-Based Endodontics: Steps Involved in Conducting Clinical Research (2005)

Endodontists have the opportunity to apply relevant research findings to the care of their patients using the principles and methods of evidence-based treatment. Finding evidence begins with a specific, well-built clinical question. Once a specific question is framed, the validity and relevance of the evidence need to be appraised. The best levels of evidence can then be used to inform decisions regarding care. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the history of evidence-based treatment and to clarify the process of conducting a systematic review. The various types of research designs appropriate for answering clinical questions most commonly encountered in dental practice, including a description of the strengths and weaknesses of each, are also presented. Finally, the implications of evidence-based research on endodontics and future research are outlined.
Flunixin meglumine and flurbiprofen in cows with experimental Escherichia coli mastitis (1989)

The effect of flunixin meglumine and flurbiprofen on the course of experimental Escherichia coli mastitis was examined. Nine cows (within one month post partum) were inoculated intramammarily with 20 x 10(5) viable E coli in both rear quarters. Three cows remained untreated (controls); three cows received three injections of flunixin meglumine and three cows received flurbiprofen as two intravenous infusions. Flunixin meglumine and flurbiprofen were initially given before clinical signs were observed. Treatment was repeated if the cows' temperature increased by more than 1 degree C. In the untreated cows, rectal temperature and heart rate increased from three hours after infection, and rumen motility (both frequency and amplitude) decreased from four hours after infection. Treatment with flunixin meglumine or flurbiprofen almost completely abolished the febrile response during the first nine hours after infection, and the decrease in rumen motility was less pronounced in the treated animals. These results suggest that the decrease in rumen motility during E coli mastitis is at least partly due to a mechanism involving prostaglandin.
A phase i study of emetine hydrochloride (nsc 33669) in solid tumors (1973)

A Phase I clinical trial of emetine hydrochloride (NSC-33669) in adults with solid tumors was conducted using two time schedules: a. a single subcutaneous dose daily for 10 days, and b. a single subcutaneous injection every 4 days (q4d) for 10 doses. Thirty-two patients were treated on the daily schedule with doses ranging from 1.0–2.0 mg/kg/day, and nine patients were treated in the q4d schedule with doses ranging from 1.2–2.2 mg/kg/dose. Toxicity was similar in both groups and consisted of pain at the injection site, muscle weakness and myalgia, elevations in creatine phosphokinase, and electrocardiographic abnormalities. Muscle weakness was the dose-limiting toxicity. The maximum tolerable total dose was 10 mg/kg. No response was noted in 16 patients evaluated.
Generation of Assembly or Disassembly Sequences Based on Topological Operations. (1997)

An automatic generation of assembly or disassembly sequences is a significant problem for assemblies using robot manipulators. The problem can be separated into two stages: (1) generation of all assembly/disassembly sequences, and (2) decision of optimal sequence. For stage (2), efficient strategies based on the AND/OR graph have been proposed. However, for stage (1), no efficient technique has been proposed yet. In this paper, we propose a method to examine disassembly task feasibility without searching whole space, in order to generate assembly or disassembly sequences. First, the C-Obstacle is extended to one with an attribute of "shape". Second, a necessary and sufficient condition for judging feasibility of disassembly tasks using the C-Obstacle shape is proposed. Third, we propose a concrete algorithm for C-Obstacle generation. Fourth, an efficient examination method for the generated sequences is described. Finally, we show a simple example.
Experimental study on nerve regeneration through the basement membrane tubes of the nerve, muscle, and artery (1996)

We evaluated neurotization after transplantation with lyophilized nerves, muscles, and arteries, and examined the possibility of practical application of long bridging grafts. Grafts of 10 mm and 25 mm of lyophilized nerves, muscles, and arteries harvested from Fisher rats were transplanted to the sciatic nerves of recipient Lewis rats. The histological changes undergone by short grafts were observed at weekly intervals. The sham-operated and isograft groups were used to compare the results of long grafts. In both the nerve and muscle-graft group, regenerated axons grew out through the residual basement membrane tube. But in the muscle graft group, phagocytosis of myofibril debris took longer than that of degenerated axons. No statistical differences were found between results of TSI, induced EMG, and quantitative analysis of myelinated axons in the nerve and muscle graft groups. No neurotization was noted in the long artery graft. In long grafts, laminin found on the basement membrane may not be sufficient to accelerate neurotization, and arteries should not be used for tubulization.
Ultra-compact TE and TM pass polarizers based on vanadium dioxide on silicon (2015)

Vanadium dioxide (VO(2)) is a metal-insulator transition (MIT) oxide recently used in plasmonics, metamaterials, and reconfigurable photonics. Because of the MIT, VO(2)shows great change in its refractive index allowing for ultra-compact devices with low power consumption. We theoretically demonstrate a transverse electric (TE) and a transverse magnetic (TM) pass polarizer with an ultra-compact length of only 1 μm and tunable using the MIT of the VO<sub>2</sub>. During the insulating phase, both devices exhibit insertion losses below 2 dB at 1550 nm. Changing to the metallic phase, the unwanted polarization is attenuated above 15 dB while insertion losses are kept below 3 dB. Broadband operation over a range of 60 nm is also achieved.
The Investigation of the Enhancement Mechanisms of the Oxide Treatment on Cemented Carbide Tools (1975)

The mechanisms responsible for enhancement of the metal cutting properties of cemented carbide tools during oxide treatments are investigated. The reaction of individual phases present in cemented carbide tools with various oxides was analyzed experimentally under temperature-pressure conditions previously employed for the oxide treatment. The change in the surface structure and the formation of new phases were determined by means of X-ray diffraction, oxidation experiments, and thermodynamic analyses. The experimental results show that during the oxide treatment such carbides as TiC and ZrC, which are chemically more stable than WC, form on the surface of WC. It was also found that a small percentage of oxides mixed in the eutectic phase of Co-WC stabilizes the eutectic phase, thus preventing its adhesion to a solid piece of oxides.
British Study Sheds Light on Postmenopausal Dyspareunia (2018)

Dyspareunia is a common female health problem, according to a large British population probability survey, affecting 7.5% of sexually active women.
The presence table (2010)

The Presence Table is a prototype that connects two households through an ambient, expressive interaction. The surface of the table illuminates and creates a reactive trace of human gestures and everyday objects. This trace is shared through a network connection to a linked surface at another location.
Metformin treatment in diabetes and heart failure: when academic equipoise meets clinical reality (2009)

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00325910.
CORRELATION OF THE RELATIVE PULSE HEIGHT OF ORGANIC SCINTILLATORS WITH POLARITY AND RESONANCE EFFECTS<sup>1</sup> (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCORRELATION OF THE RELATIVE PULSE HEIGHT OF ORGANIC SCINTILLATORS WITH POLARITY AND RESONANCE EFFECTS1Stanley R. Sandler, Paul J. McGonigal, and K. C. TsouCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1962, 66, 1, 166–171Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100807a039https://doi.org/10.1021/j100807a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views42Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Three New Cytotoxic Metabolites from the Marine Sponge Plakortis halichondrioides (1993)

Three new cytotoxic compounds, one a cyclic-peroxide-containing acid (5) and the two others alkylated dihydroxy alpha,beta-unsaturated C22 and C21 acids (6 and 7), were isolated from the marine sponge Plakortis halichondrioides, which was collected off the coast of Jamaica. The structures were elucidated through mass and mainly 1D and 2D nmr spectral analysis. All three acids are cytotoxic against P-388 murine leukemia.
CEP-11981: A potent TIE-2/Pan-VEGF-R inhibitor with broad kinase inhibitory activity exhibits significant antitumor and antiangiogenic efficacy in preclinical tumor models (2007)

B264 The identification of novel anti-angiogenic agents with favorable drug-like properties and the ability to induce objective tumor responses (regressions) across multiple tumor types is a major goal of oncological drug discovery efforts. The therapeutic efficacy of anti-angiogenic agents may be improved by inhibition of a combination of multiple angiogenic and tumor-specific targets. CEP-11981, a C3-(2-amino pyrimidine) dihyroindolocarbazole is a potent and highly-cell permeable multiplex inhibitor of human TIE-2, VEGF-R2, and VEGF-R1 receptor tyrosine kinases (IC 50 = 22 ±6, 4 ±1, and 3±1 nM, respectively), in enzyme-based assays, with a kinase selectivity index, S(90) against 217 kinases of 0.25 at 1µM. CEP-11981 has a low nanomolar concentration-related in vitro and ex vivo anti-angiogenesis profile with respect to inhibition of VEGF-A,-C, -D-induced, Angiopoietin-1-induced, and FGF2-induced human and murine endothelial cell proliferation, chemotaxis, migration, and survival in vitro, and microvessel outgrowth and branching in primary rat aortic ring explant cultures ex vivo (EC 50 = 4 ± 1 nM). Sustained oral anti-angiogenic efficacy was observed in VEGF-A-, tumor-and inflammation-induced neo-vascularization models in rodents and dose-related anti-tumor activity demonstrated across a panel of human and murine tumor models at doses of 0.3 to 30 mg/kg orally qd and bid. Dose-related and exposure driven in vivo anti-tumor efficacy was observed in s.c. (melanoma, glioblastoma, prostate carcinoma) and orthotopic human and rodent solid (colon carcinoma, renal carcinoma, and glioblastoma) and hematological (acute leukemia) tumor xenograft models in normal and immunocompromised murine hosts. Depending on the model and dosing regimens, CEP-11981 exhibited dose-related tumor growth inhibitory and anti-angiogenic effects as well as sustained partial and complete tumor regressions when administered as monotherapy. Specific intermittent oral dosing schedules (drug holidays) on qd and bid dosing regimens demonstrated significant anti-tumor efficacy (tumor growth inhibition and partial and complete regressions) in both solid (CT-26 murine colon carcinoma) and hematological (P388 murine leukemia) tumor models, with qd and bid continuous dosing being most effective. CEP-11981 was well-tolerated when administered chronically (>250 days bid p.o.) in mice in combination with cytotoxic agents (e.g. temozolamide, TMZ). The combination of CEP-11981 with TMZ conferred a median survival benefit in orthotopic human glioblastoma-bearing animals relative to that with TMZ alone (253 days versus 160 days; p=0.04). CEP-11981 is currently in Phase I clinical trials in patients with refractory solid tumors.
Synthesis of Mono- and Bis-substituted Anthraquinones as Inhibitors of Human Telomerase (1999)

A number of anthraquinone derivatives have been synthesized in good yield and tested for their ability to inhibit the enzymes telomerase and Taq polymerase using a modified telomeric repeat amplification protocol. In addition, all the synthesized compounds were screened against a panel of ovarian carcinoma cell lines (A2780, CH1 and SKOV-3) to determine their cytotoxicity.



All compounds tested inhibited telomerase at a concentration of 10 μM, but showed negligible inhibition of Taq polymerase. None of the compounds tested displayed significant general cell toxicity in ovarian cancer cell lines.



The synthesized compounds are potential selective inhibitors of human telomerase.
Tissue Substitutes with Improved Angiogenic Capabilities: An in vitro Investigation with Endothelial Cells and Endothelial Progenitor Cells (2009)

The use of implantable biomaterials, such as artificial skin substitutes used for dermal defects, remains limited by the low angiogenic potential of these products. The rapid in vivo degradation of growth factors contributes to the limiting of angiogenesis in biomaterials. Here, we report on collagen sponges in which vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was immobilized through physical binding to heparin, covalently incorporated in the matrix via cross-linking with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide. The in vitro release of VEGF over time and endothelial cell proliferation were investigated in matrices modified at varying heparin to EDC ratios either nonloaded or loaded with VEGF. ELISA demonstrated a significantly slower in vitro release of VEGF over a period of 5 days from heparinized matrices as compared to their unmodified and cross-linked counterparts. The effects of these modifications on the proliferation of endothelial cells and endothelial progenitor cells were evaluated after 1, 3 and 5 days either according to the bromodeoxyuridine assay or total cell counting with a Neubauer chamber. The endothelial and endothelial progenitor cells cultured in contact with heparinized matrices loaded with VEGF revealed both the highest rate of DNA synthesis and the highest total cell count. Furthermore, these results show that the cross-linking of collagen matrices - both in the presence and absence of heparin - leads to increases of the proliferative activities. We can assume that these changes lead to matrices with increased angiogenic capabilities.
Amorphous thin films for solar cell application. Quarterly report No. 3, October 1, 1979-December 31, 1979 (1979)

The identification, content, and role of impurities in a-Si thin films are sources of speculation not only for possible device performance degradation but also for their impact on film-property diagnosis. This concern is presently shared by those using all deposition processes, with oxygen and argon receiving attention as the most commonly introduced impurities. Oxygen to some degree (and with nitrogen) might have beneficial effects on film photoconductivity; yet device performance is said to suffer when oxygen concentration approaches one percent. Argon inclusion effects on film structure, resulting post-deposition oxidation, and the nature of the defect state are indicated but unclear. Emphasis this quarter was on (1) the measurement of oxygen concentration profiles through the film using Rutherford backscattering and nuclear reaction methods; and (2) the control over oxygen inclusion in the sputtered films. Progress is reported in detail.
Micromachined cavity-based bandpass filter and suspended planar slow-wave structure for vacuum-microelectronic millimeter-wave/THz microsystem embedded in LTCC packaging substrates (2015)

Micromachining of ceramic packaging interposers was demonstrated by the authors in the 62nd and 63rd ECTC as one of the prospective paths leading to high-density and heterogeneous 3D integration, by showing 3 individual micromachined modules, i.e. micro-accelerometers, cooling microchannels and RF passive structures, which were fabricated on a unified platform with both LTCC SIP integration and micromachining capability. As follow ups, in this paper, initial advancements in exploring the potential of the unified platform in vacuum-microelectronic millimeter-wave/THz microsystem integration are reported, that is, the development of two 3-D micromachined millimeter-wave/THz SIP modules. Firstly, the designing, fabricating and testing of a W-band (millimeter wave) bandpass filter based on 3D micro-cavity structures is revealed, as a representative of passive millimeter wave/THz devices, which can be entirely embedded into a LTCC packaging substrate (including interposers). The test results show a mid-band (central) frequency at 88GHz and 2GHz pass-band width, a low passband attenuation of better than -3dB and a stop-band rejection of -8dB @ 5GHz off mid-band frequency (i.e. 4GHz above and below passband edges respectively) and -14dB@10GHz off mid-band frequency. Secondly, interdigitated lines screen-printed on LTCC interposer are proposed as feasible slow-wave structures that can be embedded into SIP interposers, which are the essential parts for vacuum microelectronic active devices like backward wave oscillators and travelling wave amplifiers. Full-wave electromagnetic analysis proved the effectiveness of these planar designs as slow wave micro-functional structures, showing low and smooth transmission loss and dispersion characters, as well as promising coupling impedance characters, in 5~45GHz bands. In addition, two slow-wave structures consisting of interdigitated lines suspended on LTCC membrane are proposed as improvements for higher frequency use (up to 110GHz), and full-wave analysis proves their enhanced performance and potential capability in extending the operation frequency range, maybe into the THz range. In the future, these two modules may find applications into highly integrated wireless telecommunication and radar transceivers which are now being the research and development hotspot, facilitating advanced air-borne, space-borne and high-end automotive/consumer electronics.
Glucocorticoid receptor dimerization is required for survival in septic shock <i>via</i> suppression of interleukin‐1 in macrophages (2011)

Sepsis is controlled by endogenous glucocorticoids (GCs). Previous studies provided evidence that crosstalk of the monomeric GC receptor (GR) with proinflammatory transcription factors is the crucial mechanism underlying the suppressive GC effect. Here we demonstrate that mice with a dimerization-deficient GR (GR(dim)) are highly susceptible to sepsis in 2 different models, namely cecal ligation and puncture and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced septic shock. TNF-α is normally regulated in these mice, but down-regulation of IL-6 and IL-1β is diminished. LPS-treated macrophages derived from GR(dim) mice are largely resistant to GC actions in vitro in terms of morphology, surface marker expression, and gene expression. Treatment with recombinant IL-1 receptor antagonist improved survival of GR(dim) mice and mice lacking the GR in macrophages (GR(LysMCre)) mice. This suggests that regulation of IL-1β in macrophages by GCs is pivotal to control sepsis.