gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
4An Introduction to the Modeling of Neural Networks (P. Peretto) (1995)

Previous article Next article 4An Introduction to the Modeling of Neural Networks (P. Peretto)Christopher W. Myers and Frank H. GuentherChristopher W. Myers and Frank H. Guentherhttps://doi.org/10.1137/1037146PDFBibTexSections ToolsAdd to favoritesExport CitationTrack CitationsEmail SectionsAbout[1] Daniel J. Amit, , Hanoch Gutfreund and , H. Sompolinsky, Spin-glass models of neural networks, Phys. Rev. A (3), 32 (1985), 1007–1018 10.1103/PhysRevA.32.1007 86g:92015 CrossrefISIGoogle Scholar[2] E. Gardner, Maximum storage capacity in neural networks, Europhysics Letters, 4 (1987), 481–485 CrossrefGoogle Scholar[3] John Hertz, , Anders Krogh and , Richard G. Palmer, Introduction to the theory of neural computation, Santa Fe Institute Studies in the Sciences of Complexity. Lecture Notes, I, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company Advanced Book Program, Redwood City, CA, 1991xxii+327 92f:82044 Google Scholar[4] J. J. Hopfield, Neural networks and physical systems with emergent collective computational abilities, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 79 (1982), 2554–2558 83g:92024 CrossrefISIGoogle Scholar Previous article Next article FiguresRelatedReferencesCited byDetails Volume 37, Issue 4| 1995SIAM Review History Published online:17 February 2012 InformationCopyright © 1995 © Society for Industrial and Applied MathematicsPDF Download Article & Publication DataArticle DOI:10.1137/1037146Article page range:pp. 629-632ISSN (print):0036-1445ISSN (online):1095-7200Publisher:Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
Elicitation and specificity of anti-vesicular stomatitis virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. (1981)

Abstract We have examined the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) control and antigen specificity of 2 antiviral effector mechanisms elicited during infection of mice with vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). Infection of mice with VSV results in the elicitation of anti-VSV cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) that are functionally restricted to virus-infected targets which are syngeneic at the H-2K and H-2D ends of the MHC. The ability to generate high levels of anti-VSV CTL activity was found to be controlled by the H-2 haplotype of the responding mouse. Mice with either H-2d or H-2b haplotypes were found to be high responders to VSV infection, while mice of the H-2k haplotype were low responders. The observed difference in the ability to generate anti-VSV CTL by the various strains could not be attributed to artifactual differences in the susceptibility to lysis of the syngeneic targets but was a true reflection of immune responsiveness to VSV infection, which mapped to the H-2K IA and/or H-2D ends of the MHC. The anti-VSV antibody response or the natural killer response induced by VSV infection, on the other hand, did not appear to be controlled by the MHC. The specificities of the anti-VSV CTL and of the antibodies elicited as a result of infection were also examined. It was found that 2 serologically distinct strains of VSV (Indiana and New Jersey) elicit CTL that lyse target cells infected with the heterologous virus serotype. Studies to evaluate the target antigen of this cross-reactive lysis indicated that expression of the major surface glycoprotein (G protein) was needed for recognition by cross-reactive anti-VSV CTL. In summary, the observation that the CTL and B cell responses to VSV infection differ both with respect to specificity and MHC-controlled responsiveness suggests that the host can interact with, process, and present viral antigens in different ways, depending on the effector mechanism involved.
Rhodium(<scp>I</scp>)–iron(<scp>0</scp>) carbonyl complexes containing one bridging Ph<sub>2</sub>PCH<sub>2</sub>PPh<sub>2</sub>ligand, including the formation of a tetranuclear cluster from a heterobimetallic precursor: crystal structures of [(OC)<sub>4</sub>Fe(µ-Ph<sub>2</sub>PCH<sub>2</sub>PPh<sub>2</sub>)RhCl(CO)] and [Fe<sub>2</sub>Rh<sub>2</sub>(µ-Ph<sub>2</sub>PCH<sub>2</sub>PPh<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(CO)<sub>8</sub>] (1987)

Treatment of [Fe(CO)4(dppm-P)](dppm = Ph2PCH2PPh2) with [Rh2Cl2(CO)4] in benzene gave [(OC)4Fe(µ-dppm)RhCl(CO)](1) in 90% yield. The structure of (1) has been established by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction study; the crystals are monoclinic, space group P21/n, with a= 1 246.5(2), b= 1 849.0(3), c= 1 612.3(2) pm, β= 110.34(1)°, and Z= 4; final R factor 0.0481 for 4 053 observed reflections. The structure shows that there is a metal–metal bond [Fe–Rh 269.9(4) pm], formulated as a donor → acceptor bond, viz. Fe → Rh. None of the carbonyl ligands shows any bridging interactions. Treatment of (1) with lithium acetate in dichloromethane–methanol converted the binuclear complex into the tetranuclear cluster [Fe2Rh2(µ-dppm)2(CO)8](3) in 69% yield, also characterised by an X-ray diffraction study. Crystals of (3) are monoclinic, space group P21/n, with a= 2 074.6(5), b= 1 385.1(3), c= 2 271.6(5) pm, β= 117.48(2)°, and Z= 4; final R factor 0.0578 for 6 212 observed reflections. The structure is that of an unsupported Fe2Rh2 butterfly, the Rh–Rh distance of 405.4 pm indicating no interaction between the wing-tip atoms. Similar complexes are described for Ph2P(CCH2)PPh2.
Development of integrated preamplifier for high frequency ultrasonic transducer (2010)

This paper describes the design of an integrated circuit consisting of a preamplifier with Sallen-Key Butterworth filter for direct interfacing to a high frequency ultrasonic transducer. This preamplifier was fabricated with the IBM 7WL process. Sallen-key filter is used to increase the gain of the front-end circuit. The measured voltage gain of one of the selected front end circuits for the preamplifier with Sallen-Key filter is 35.61dB at 100MHz with a bandwidth of 87.3% and 8.58mW DC power consumption. Pulse-echo responses and wire-phantom images with ultrasonic transducers have been acquired with the front end circuit.
Development of a Grain Milling System by Use of Digital Data (2010)

Computer-Aided Design and Applications is an international journal on the applications of CAD and CAM. It publishes papers in the general domain of CAD plus in emerging fields like bio-CAD, nano-CAD, soft-CAD, garment-CAD, PLM, PDM, CAD data mining, CAD and the internet, CAD education, genetic algorithms and CAD engines. The journal is aimed at all developers and users of CAD technology to ptovide CAD solutions for various stages of design and manufacturing. The journal publishes all about Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Aided technologies.
Chemical structures and corticosterone secretion-inducing activities of saikosaponins. (1981)

The corticosterone secretion-inducing activities of saikosaponins isolated from the roots of Bupleurum falcatum L., their artifact saponins and genuine genins were examined in rats 30 minutes after administration. Intraperitoneal administration of saikosaponin-a (1) or -d (2) increased the plasma corticosterone level maximally at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg or 1.0mg/kg, respectively. Saikosaponin-c (9) did not increase the plasma corticosterone level at a dose of 100 mg/kg. Saikogenin-F (3) and -G (4), the genuine aglycones of 1 and 2, also increased the plasma corticosterone level but their activities were 1/70 to 1/90, respectively, of those of the corresponding saponins on a molar basis. Saikosaponin-b1 (5) and -b3 (7), artifact saponins derived from 1, showed 1/8 and 1/40 of the activity of 1, respectively. Saikosaponin-b2 (6) and -b4 (8), derived from 2 through the same structural change as in the case of 1, showed 1/50 and 1/30 of the activity of 2, respectively. Oral administration of 2, which was unstable to acid, increased plasma corticosterone to a maximum level at a dose of 50 mg/kg in fed rats but did not in fasted rats.
Complete genome sequence and phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis B virus isolated from turkish patients with chronic HBV infection (2005)

Hepatitis viruses are the leading causes of chronic liver disease resulting in chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma in the world and also in Turkey. Although Turkey has an intermediate rate of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection with a prevalence reported as 5%, a complete HBV genome sequence has not been published. In this study, the molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis are described of 11 complete HBV genomes isolated from 11 naïve patients (5 male, 6 female; ages: 18--54 years old, median 35 years old) with chronic HBV infection. Of 11 patients, 7 and 4 were HBeAg positive/anti-HBe negative and HBeAg negative/anti-HBe positive, respectively. All patients had no co-infection with HCV, HDV, or HIV. HBV DNA was extracted from the sera of the patients. The complete genome was amplified by PCR and cloned into a TA vector. The PCR products were sequenced directly and the complete HBV genome sequences were determined. Ten HBV genomes were 3182 base pairs in length. There was a 183 bp deletion (between nucleotides 2987--3169) in pre-S region in one HBeAg positive patient. There were two pre-core stop codons (G1896A) in two HBeAg negative and three core promoter dual mutations (T1762/A1764) in one HBeAg positive and two HBeAg negative patients' HBV genomes. Phylogenetic analysis of all complete genomes yielded that all Turkish sequences were clustered in genotype D branch (ten in subgenotype D1 and one in subgenotype D2). The analysis of S gene amino acid sequences revealed that surface gene subtypes of one and ten HBV strains were subtype ayw3 and ayw2, respectively. This study indicates that Turkish patients with chronic hepatitis B infection show very little genotypic heterogeneity. Genotype D of HBV DNA and subtype ayw2 of surface gene represent almost the whole Turkish patient population infected with HBV.
Bus energy minimization by transition pattern coding (TPC) in deep sub-micron technologies (2002)

The energy dissipation associated with driving long wires accounts for a significant fraction of the overall system energy. This is particularly the case with the increasing importance of the inter-wire parasitic capacitance in deep sub-micron technology. A closed form solution for estimating the energy dissipation of a data bus is presented that uses an elaborate parasitic wire model. This includes the distributed RLC effects of wires as well as the coupling between wires. We also propose a general class of coding techniques to reduce energy dissipation for data transmission by trading-off between computation and communication costs. An algorithm is presented to design efficient coding strategies to minimize energy. When the effects of interwire capacitance are taken into account, the best coding strategy is not to simply minimize transitions - an approach followed by previous research. Instead, Transition Pattern Coding (TPC) modifies the transition profile to minimize energy, and in many cases higher transition activity can result in lower energy. Results show that up to a factor of 2 reduction in energy.
43Gb/s balanced photoreceiver using monolithic integrated lensed facet waveguide dual-UTC photodiodes (2008)

By integrating a monolithic lens using dry etching of the input mirror facet of an UTC photodiode, we have achieved > 4-fold improvement of alignment tolerance in the lateral axis without compromising diode efficiency. Lensed photodiodes show simultaneously 0.76 A/W with low polarisation loss (0.3 dB).
What You See is What You Get: Lack of Significant Postoperative Contour Change in Muscle Transplants to the Lower Leg (1997)

A widely held tenet in the reconstructive surgery literature is that muscle transplants undergo significant postoperative atrophy, contributing to progressive improvement in appearance of the reconstruction. In contrast, it has been our experience that muscle transplants retain the majority of their bulk following inset, and undergo minimal postoperative atrophy. Prospective evaluation of 20 patients undergoing muscle transplant reconstruction of Gustillo type IIIB lower limb wounds found minimal decrease in limb circumference at 6-month follow-up, as measured at the point of maximum transplant projection.
Effect of Copper Addition on Grain Growth Behavior of Austenite in Low Carbon Steels (2004)

The effect of copper (Cu) addition on the grain growth behavior of austenite was investigated in a low carbon steel and a Cu bearing low carbon steel. Cu addition to the steel does not affect the nucleation rate of reversed austenite on heating in the martensitic structure but markedly retards the grain growth of the austenite during holding at 1173K (austenitization). As a result, the grain size of austenite in the Cu bearing steel becomes about one-third times smaller than that in the base steel after austenitization for 14.4ks. TEM observations in the Cu bearing steel revealed that Cu particles precipitated during aging treatment had completely dissolved in 1.2ks of austenitization. Therefore, the retardation of grain growth of austenite can not be explained by the grain boundary pinning effect of Cu particles but by the dragging effect of Cu atoms in the austenitic solid solution.
Compensating for dispersion and the nonlinear Kerr effect without phase conjugation (1996)

We propose the use of a dispersive medium with a negative nonlinear refractive-index coefficient as a way to compensate for the dispersion and the nonlinear effects resulting from pulse propagation in an optical fiber. The undoing of pulse interaction might allow for increased bit rates.
Identifying bottlenecks in manufacturing systems using stochastic criticality analysis (2017)

System design is a difficult process with many design-choices for which the impact may be difficult to foresee. Manufacturing system design is no exception to this. Increased use of flexible manufacturing systems which are able to perform different operations/use-cases further raises the design complexity. One important criterion to consider is the overall makespan and associated critical path for the different use-cases of the system. Stochastic critical path analysis plays a fundamental role in providing useful feedback for system designers to evaluate alternative specifications, which traditional fixed-time analysis cannot. In this paper, we extend our formal model-based framework, for the specification and design of manufacturing systems, with stochastic analysis abilities by associating a criticality index to each action performed by the system. This index can then be visualized and used within the framework such that a system designer can make better informed decisions. We propose a Monte-Carlo method as an estimation algorithm and we explicitly define and use confidence intervals to achieve an acceptable estimation error. We further demonstrate the use of the extended framework and stochastic analysis with an example manufacturing system.
Nodaviruses of Insects (1998)

The study of nodaviruses began with the isolation of nodamura virus (NOV) from mosquitoes in 1956 (Scherer and Hurlbut, 1967; Scherer et al., 1968). The virus drew immediate attention because it uniquely combined the biological property of arthropod transmission to vertebrates with the physical property of resistance to lipid solvents, a characteristic that is now known to indicate the absence of a viral envelope. Molecular studies established that NOV was also unique in its genome structure: two molecules of single-stranded, positive-sense RNA copackaged in spherical virus particles (Fig. 1) (Newman and Brown, 1973, 1977; Clewley et al., 1982). Despite this combination of unusual features, however, the lack of a convenient cell culture system for growing NOV and the absence of antibodies to the virus in human sera, which suggested that it was not naturally transmitted to man, diverted most investigators to more pressing and tractable systems.
Analysis of a hybrid composite/metal ship hull structural system with removable panels (2007)

Abstract This article presents the finite element analysis of a bolted composite/metal hybrid panel assembly subjected to uniform pressure loading. The structure consists of four EG/VE stiffened panels joined together by a hybrid connection configuration. A simplified modeling approach is presented, where effective section properties of the hybrid joint regions are computed according to the behavior of each section. The modeling approach is verified with available experimental data, and the global panel deflections as well as the strains within the bulk of the panels are in good agreement with the test results. Parametric studies are presented to quantify the influence of the geometry of the joint constituents on the global response of the hybrid assembly. The model response is most sensitive to changes in the steel component geometries, while the composite laminate geometry has a modest localized effect at the joint region. This approach is useful for global modeling of hybrid joints in large-scale structures, where extensive detailing of the joint region is unfeasible.
Phase diagram of neutral quark matter in nonlocal chiral quark models (2006)

We consider the phase diagram of two-flavor quark matter under neutron star constraints for two nonlocal, covariant quark models within the mean-field approximation. In the first case (Model I) the nonlocality arises from the regularization procedure, motivated by the instanton liquid model, whereas in the second one (Model II) a separable approximation of the one-gluon exchange interaction is applied. We find that Model II predicts a larger quark mass gap and a chiral symmetry breaking (CSB) phase transition line which extends 15--20% further into the phase diagram spanned by temperature ($T$) and chemical potential ($\ensuremath{\mu}$). The corresponding critical temperature at $\ensuremath{\mu}=0$, ${T}_{c}(0)\ensuremath{\simeq}140\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{MeV}$, is in better accordance to recent lattice QCD results than the prediction of the standard local NJL model, which exceeds 200 MeV. For both Model I and Model II we have considered various coupling strengths in the scalar diquark channel, showing that different low-temperature quark matter phases can occur at intermediate densities: a normal quark matter (NQM) phase, a two-flavor superconducting (2SC) quark matter phase and a mixed 2SC-NQM phase. Although in most cases there is also a gapless 2SC phase, this occurs in general in a small region at nonzero temperatures, thus its effect should be negligible for compact star applications.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure and Physical Properties of Ce<sub>3</sub>Rh<sub>5</sub>Si. (2012)

Abstract The new title compound is prepared by arc melting of the elements and its crystal structure is determined by powder XRD.
Applications of New, High Intensity X-Ray Optics - Normal and thin film diffraction using a parabolic, multilayer mirror (1997)

Corundum (300) peak intensity from a NIST SRM 1976 plate improved dramatically for narrow samples when using a parabolic, multilayer mirror compared to standard Bragg-Brentano parafocusing optics, but was poorer than Bragg-Brentano optics for wide samples. Peak intensity from the mirror was 5.2 times higher than the for Bragg-Brentano case for a 1.15 mm wide sample. Conversely, the Bragg-Brentano case was superior for large samples, presumably because the greatly decreased irradiated volume due to the narrow parallel beam more than compensated for the increased X-ray flux density from the mirror. Likewise, compared to both Bragg-Brentano and parallel beam optics, the parabolic, multilayer mirror produced superior peak intensities in grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) studies for small grazing angles on both a 600 A Pt thin film and a 350 A TiN thin fihn. Parallel beam optics with conventional incident beam slits were superior for grazing angles above 3 degrees. The amount of intensity improvement for mirror optics over parallel beam optics with a divergent incident beam increased as the grazing angle decreased; reaching values of 2.6 times at 0.3 degrees for the Pt film and 1.6 times at 0.5 degrees for the TiN film.
MONOFUNCTIONAL COVALENT PHOTOBINDING OF DICTAMNINE, A FUROQUINOLINE ALKALOID, TO DNA AS TARGET IN VITRO (1982)

Abstract— The naturally occurring furoquinoline alkaloid, dictamnine, is phototoxic to Gram‐positive bacteria, yeasts and filamentous fungi in the presence of long‐wave UV light. Prior to photobinding to DNA dictamnine forms a complex with the macromolecule in the dark. Photobinding to DNA is shown with [ 3 H]‐dictamnine. In contradiction to an earlier finding, dictamnine proved to be incapable of forming interstrand crossiinkages with native DNA. This fact was ascertained by the use of methods additional to hydroxyapatite column chromatography, e.g. alkaline sucrose gradient centrifugation and hyperchromicity tests. The alkaloid therefore represents a new monofunctional photoreagent towards DNA in vitro. It is assumed that it binds through its furyl‐C=C to DNA. The inability to form crosslinks may be attributed to the stability of the lateral aromatic nucleus. As no photoreactivity against human erythrocytes could be observed, it is possible that nucleic acids represent the major target of damage in vivo.
Postseismic Relaxation Along the San Andreas Fault at Parkfield from Continuous Seismological Observations (2008)

Seismic velocity changes and nonvolcanic tremor activity in the Parkfield area in California reveal that large earthquakes induce long-term perturbations of crustal properties in the San Andreas fault zone. The 2003 San Simeon and 2004 Parkfield earthquakes both reduced seismic velocities that were measured from correlations of the ambient seismic noise and induced an increased nonvolcanic tremor activity along the San Andreas fault. After the Parkfield earthquake, velocity reduction and nonvolcanic tremor activity remained elevated for more than 3 years and decayed over time, similarly to afterslip derived from GPS (Global Positioning System) measurements. These observations suggest that the seismic velocity changes are related to co-seismic damage in the shallow layers and to deep co-seismic stress change and postseismic stress relaxation within the San Andreas fault zone.
The natural killer cell dysfunction of aged mice is due to the bone marrow stroma and is not restored by<scp>IL</scp>‐15/<scp>IL</scp>‐15Rα treatment (2014)

Immune dysfunctions in the elderly result in increased susceptibility to infectious diseases, cancer, and autoimmune diseases. Natural killer (NK) cells are bone marrow-derived lymphocytes crucial for host defense against several infections and cancer. We have previously shown that compared to young, aged C57BL/6 mice have decreased numbers of mature NK cells in the blood, spleen, and bone marrow, resulting in susceptibility to mousepox, a lethal disease caused by ectromelia virus. Here, we describe further age-related defects in NK cells including reduced proliferation in vivo, additional signs of immaturity, and dysregulated expression of activating and inhibitory receptors. Aging also alters the expression of collagen-binding integrins in conventional NK cells and the frequency and phenotype of liver tissue-resident NK cells. We additionally show that the defect in NK maturation is the consequence of deficient maturational cues provided by bone marrow stromal cells. Moreover, we demonstrate that in aged mice, treatment with complexes of the cytokine IL-15 and IL-15Rα induce massive expansion of the NK cells, but most of these NK cells remain immature and are unable to restore resistance to mousepox. The use of rodent model to understand immunosenescence may help the development of treatments to improve the immune fitness of the aged. Our work with NK cells should contribute toward this goal.