gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A user-friendly SSVEP-based brain–computer interface using a time-domain classifier (2010)

We introduce a user-friendly steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP)-based brain-computer interface (BCI) system. Single-channel EEG is recorded using a low-noise dry electrode. Compared to traditional gel-based multi-sensor EEG systems, a dry sensor proves to be more convenient, comfortable and cost effective. A hardware system was built that displays four LED light panels flashing at different frequencies and synchronizes with EEG acquisition. The visual stimuli have been carefully designed such that potential risk to photosensitive people is minimized. We describe a novel stimulus-locked inter-trace correlation (SLIC) method for SSVEP classification using EEG time-locked to stimulus onsets. We studied how the performance of the algorithm is affected by different selection of parameters. Using the SLIC method, the average light detection rate is 75.8% with very low error rates (an 8.4% false positive rate and a 1.3% misclassification rate). Compared to a traditional frequency-domain-based method, the SLIC method is more robust (resulting in less annoyance to the users) and is also suitable for irregular stimulus patterns.
A dynamic road incident information delivery strategy to reduce urban traffic congestion (2018)

Advanced information and communication technologies can be used to facilitate traffic incident management. If an incident is detected and blocks a road link, in order to reduce the incident-induced traffic congestion, a dynamic strategy to deliver incident information to selected drivers and help them make detours in urban areas is proposed by this work. Time-dependent shortest path algorithms are used to generate a subnetwork where vehicles should receive such information. A simulation approach based on an extended cell transmission model is used to describe traffic flow in urban networks where path information and traffic flow at downstream road links are well modeled. Simulation results reveal the influences of some major parameters of an incident-induced congestion dissipation process such as the ratio of route-changing vehicles to the total vehicles, operation time interval of the proposed strategy, traffic density in the traffic network, and the scope of the area where traffic incident information is delivered. The results can be used to improve the state of the art in preventing urban road traffic congestion caused by incidents.
Electron Field Emission from Graphitic Nanoflakes Grown Over Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes (2008)

Single step growth of self-assembled graphitic nanoflakes (GNF) over carbon nanotubes (CNT) on iron coated silicon(100) substrates is reported. These nanostructures were grown by varying the deposition time in a microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition reactor using acetylene, hydrogen and argon as reactant gases. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) studies of the deposited carbon films revealed that with increase in deposition time from 3 minutes to 6 minutes, the surface topography of the films transformed from one dimensional cylindrical nanostructure to flat-shaped two-dimensional nanoflakes. Carbon film deposited for 5 minutes showed improved surface coverage as compared to films deposited for 6 minutes i.e., surface area of the CNT film covered with nanoflakes increased as compared to carbon film deposited for higher durations. Field emission studies of films deposited at 5 minutes and 6 minutes showed increase in turn-on field, required for electron emission, from 2.7 V/microm to 2.9 V/microm respectively. However, such a combination of one dimension carbon and two dimension carbon may prove useful in applications where high surface area films are required.
ADP is not an agonist at P2X<sub>1</sub> receptors: evidence for separate receptors stimulated by ATP and ADP on human platelets (2000)

ADP, an important agonist in thrombosis and haemostasis, has been reported to activate platelets via three receptors, P2X(1), P2Y(1) and P2T(AC). Given the low potency of ADP at P2X(1) receptors and recognized contamination of commercial samples of adenosine nucleotides, we have re-examined the activation of P2X(1) receptors by ADP following HPLC and enzymatic purification. Native P2X(1) receptor currents in megakaryocytes were activated by alpha, beta-meATP (10 microM) and commercial samples of ADP (10 microM), but not by purified ADP (10 - 100 microM). Purified ADP (up to 1 mM) was also inactive at recombinant human P2X(1) receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Purification did not modify the ability of ADP to activate P2Y receptors coupled to Ca(2+) mobilization in rat megakaryocytes. In human platelets, P2X(1) and P2Y receptor-mediated [Ca(2+)](i) responses were distinguished by their different kinetics at 13 degrees C. In 1 mM Ca(2+) saline, alpha,beta-meATP (10 microM) and commercial ADP (40 microM) activated a rapid [Ca(2+)](i) increase (lag time < or =0.5 s) through the activation of P2X(1) receptors. Hexokinase treatment of ADP shifted the lag time by approximately 2 s, indicating loss of the P2X(1) receptor-mediated response. A revised scheme is proposed for physiological activation of P2 receptors in human platelets. ATP stimulates P2X(1) receptors, whereas ADP is a selective agonist at metabotropic (P2Y(1) and P2T(AC)) receptors.
A Transition-Metal−η<sup>4</sup>-Diene Cation Can Undergo Nucleophilic Addition at the Internal Carbon (1998)

Treatment of CpW(CO)2(η4-cyclohexadiene)BF4 with RMgBr (R = methylvinyl, phenyl, naphthyl) in cold THF (−78 °C) afforded the CpW(CO)2[(1,2,4-η)-1-CO-2-R-cyclohexene] complex as the major product; this result provides an example of a nucleophile attacking the internal carbon of a cationic η4-diene fragment.
Tools and Tactics for the Master Day Trader: Battle-Tested Techniques for Day, Swing, and Position Traders (2000)

Part One: Seeds of Wisdom for the Master Trader: Preparing the Trader's Mind for Greatness. Chapter 1: Initiation of the Master Trader: Understanding the Master Trader's World. Chapter 2: Developing the Master Trader's Mind: Keys to Correct Trading Behavior. Chapter 3: Loss: The Prerequisite to Trading Power and Success. Chapter 4: Education of the Master Trader: How to Save Yourself from Years of Lost Time and Money. Chapter 5: The Seven Deadly Sins of Trading: How to Combat Them and Defeat Them. Chapter 6: Trading Laws of Success: Rules the Master Trader Lives By. Chapter 7: Secrets of the Master Trader: 15 things Every Trader Should Know, But Doesn't. Chapter 8: 10 Lessons for the Master Trader. Chapter 9: Final Words of Wisdom from a True Master. Tools and Tactics for the Master Trader: Developing the Arsenal of a Master Trader. Chapter 10: Market Timing Tools and Tactics. Chapter 11: Charting Tools and Tactics. Chapter 12: Execution Tools and Tactics. Chapter 13: NASDAQ Level II Tools and Tactics. Chapter 14: Entry Tools and Tactics: A Step-by-Step Guide to Entering Stocks Like a Pro. Chapter 15: Trade Management Tools and Tactics: A Step-by-Step Guide to Managing Your Trades Like a Pro. Chapter 16: Exit Tools and Tactics: a Step-by-Step Guide to Exiting Your Trades Like a Pro. Part Three: Looking Ahead. Chapter 17: How to Put It All Together. Chapter 18: ESP: The Future of Electronic Trading Software. Chapter 19: Conclusion.
Disappearance of<i>s</i>-Triazines as Affected by Soil pH Using a Balance-Sheet Approach (1974)

The effect of soil pH on the disappearance of 14 C ring-labeled atrazine [2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)- s -triazine], hydroxyatrazine [2-hydroxy-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)- s -triazine], and prometryne [2,4-bis(isopropylamino)-6-(methylthio)- s -triazine] were studied over a 5-month period in a Bladen silt loam soil under greenhouse conditions. Employment of an integrated system allowed simultaneous monitoring of degradation, volatilization, respiration, plant uptake, and leaching processes. A resulting balance-sheet indicated that a range of 87 to 99% of the 14 C added could be accounted for after 5 months. Degradation was found to be the primary mode of dissipation. The pattern of atrazine degradation was characteristic of nonbiological processes, while prometryne degradation was probably by microbial action. Hydroxyatrazine was the major metabolite from the atrazine treatments while prometryne yielded an unknown and hydroxypropazine [2-hydroxy-4,6-bis(isopropylamino)- s -triazine]. Ex-tractable atrazine after 5 months amounted to 35% of the initial amount added in the pH 7.5 soil and 11% in the pH 5.5 soil, while prometryne occurred as 10% in the pH 7.5 soil and 42% in the pH 5.5 soil. Plant uptake and leaching occurred to a greater extent in the more alkaline soil with each chemical, but these pathways along with volatilization and respiration were minor contributors toward the disappearance of these herbicides.
Nutrition in infancy and childhood. 5th ed. (1993)

Presents information on growth and development, nutrient needs of infants and children, and the clinical approach to collecting and assessing food intake information. Includes discussions on infancy, preschool-age, school-age, and adolescent children. The fifth edition has been reorganized and expanded, and includes two new chapters: one on the school-age child and another on nutrition intervention in special circumstances in adolescence. Other revisions include expansion of the chapter on the developmentally delayed child, the addition of review questions, etc.
소년형사사법제도의 실태 및 개선방안 (2014)

성인범 못지않은 소년범죄로 인하여 소년범의 범죄율을 낮추고, 재범을 방지하기 위해 각종 제도들이 새롭게 등장하고 있고, 소년사법분야에서도 소년사법의 근간이 되는 「소년법」과「보호소년 등의 처우에 관한 법률」의 개정을 통해 비행소년 또는 범죄소년의 인권보장 및 재범방지를 위한 각종제도가 새롭게 도입하는 등 제도개혁을 꾀하고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고,...
Study on carcinogenicity of clinoptilolite type zeolite in Wistar rats. (1993)

The long term carcinogenicity of clinoptilolite was examined in Wistar rats. Respirable clinoptilolite was given intratracheally in doses 0, 30, or 60 mg/animal to groups of 60 or 50 male and 50 female rats on one occasion. No significant dose-related increase was found in the incidence of tumours in any organ or tissue. The results indicated that clinoptilolite type zeolite had no carcinogenic activity in Wistar rats.
Blockchain in Healthcare: A Patient-Centered Model (2019)

A blockchain is a system for storing and sharing information that is secure because of its transparency. Each block in the chain is both its own independent unit containing its own information, and a dependent link in the collective chain, and this duality creates a network regulated by participants who store and share the information, rather than a third party. Blockchain has many applications in healthcare, and can improve mobile health applications, monitoring devices, sharing and storing of electronic medical records, clinical trial data, and insurance information storage. Research about blockchain and healthcare is currently limited, but blockchain is on the brink of transforming the healthcare system; through its decentralized principles, blockchain can improve accessibility and security of patient information, and can therefore overturn the healthcare hierarchy and build a new system in which patients manage their own care.
Stress-induced early flowering is mediated by miR169 in Arabidopsis thaliana (2013)

Plants interact with their environment and they often flower earlier under stress conditions, but how such stress-induced flowering is regulated remains poorly understood. Here evidence is presented that the miR169 family plays a key role in stress-induced flowering in plants. The microRNA (miRNA) miR169 family members are up-regulated in Arabidopsis, maize, and soybean under abiotic stresses. Overexpression of miR169d in Arabidopsis results in early flowering, and overexpression of the miR169d target gene, AtNF-YA2, especially a miR169d-resistant version of AtNF-YA2, results in late flowering. The results suggest that the miR169 family regulates stress-induced flowering by repressing the AtNF-YA transcription factor, which in turn reduces the expression of FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC), allowing for the expression of FLC target genes such as FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) and LEAFY (LFY) to promote flowering. It was shown that the expression of genes or miRNAs involved in the other flowering pathways, namely the photoperiod (CO), ambient temperature (SVP), ageing (miR156), and gibberelin (SOC1) pathways, was not affected in miR169d-overexpressing plants, suggesting that stress-induced early flowering is a novel signalling pathway mediated by miR169.
Automatic analysis of facial expressions: the state of the art (2000)

Humans detect and interpret faces and facial expressions in a scene with little or no effort. Still, development of an automated system that accomplishes this task is rather difficult. There are several related problems: detection of an image segment as a face, extraction of the facial expression information, and classification of the expression (e.g., in emotion categories). A system that performs these operations accurately and in real time would form a big step in achieving a human-like interaction between man and machine. The paper surveys the past work in solving these problems. The capability of the human visual system with respect to these problems is discussed, too. It is meant to serve as an ultimate goal and a guide for determining recommendations for development of an automatic facial expression analyzer.
Analyse thermique et électrochimique de supercondensateurs carbone-MnO2 en milieu aqueux (2012)

Cette thèse a pour but de caractériser le fonctionnement de supercondensateurs asymétriques à base de carbone activé et de dioxyde de manganèse (C-MnO2) dans un électrolyte aqueux de sulfate de potassium. Un dispositif calorimétrique a été conçu spécialement pour réaliser des mesures thermiques (échauffement et puissance dissipée au cours du temps) et électriques (courant et tension au cours du temps, durées des charges et de décharges, capacité électrique) sur des supercondensateurs C-MnO2 de petite taille en fonction de plusieurs paramètres de fonctionnement : densité de courant, plage de potentiel de cyclage et température ambiante. Les mesures ont montré des évolutions de puissance calorifique induites par les phénomènes de transport et de transfert des charges électriques dans l'électrolyte et sur les électrodes. Les énergies calorifiques impliquées dans l'adsorption des ions de l'électrolyte sur la surface du carbone et de l'intercalation des ions K+ dans MnO2 ont été quantifiées. L'effet de la température sur la capacité électrique et le rendement énergétique de la cellule a été étudié. Les mesures électrochimiques et calorimétriques ont mis en évidence l'effet de la décomposition de l'électrolyte au delà de 1,5 V. Un modèle a été développé pour la simulation électrothermique de supercondensateurs C-MnO2 de grande capacité électrique. Ce modèle a été établi à partir des mesures obtenues sur une cellule de petite taille. Les simulations, réalisées sur des dispositifs de 500 F et 1 700 F et prenant en compte les couplages thermo-électrochimiques, ont montré des hétérogénéités de température dans les cellules affectant le comportement électrochimique.
Structural Identification for Performance Prediction Considering Uncertainties: Case Study of a Movable Bridge (2012)

Structural identification (St-Id) can be described simply as estimating the properties of a structural system based on a correlation of inputs and outputs for decision making. For a complete St-Id process, establishing the decision-making needs, developing analytical and numerical models, and conducting field measurements, along with parameter identification using the experimental data for model calibration, are carried out. One important consideration is evaluation of the limitations and adequacy of using a single calibrated model before leveraging it for decision making, such as the reliability of the structural system for the remainder of its design life. The uncertainties in the data collected, determined by means of intermittent testing or monitoring; the limitations of the models; and the nonstationary nature of structural behavior need to be considered. These uncertainties can be incorporated by using of a family of parent and offspring models. The objective of this paper is to illustrate the use of a family of models that incorporates the uncertainties and makes predictions in terms of load rating and system-level reliability with the help of structural health monitoring (SHM) data. First, a finite-element (FE) model of a movable bridge is calibrated with SHM data, and parent FE models are created to best represent the measurements. At the same time, uncertainties in critical structural parameters such as boundary conditions are considered by offspring models. The family-of-models approach is employed to estimate load rating and system reliability by considering the probability of failure of the system with different correlations among the safety margins of the components. Finally, future performance of the movable bridge in the case of damage and deterioration is estimated for demonstration of structural identification for performance prediction by considering uncertainties. Such results are expected to provide a set of solutions for the performance of a structure for optimal decision making.
Visual Laser Ablation of the Prostate (VLAP) with Bare Fiber in Conjunction with Laser Bladder Neck Incision in The Treatment of Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) (1997)

The objective of this paper was to assess the effectiveness of visual laser ablation of the prostate (VLAP) using a bare fiber with simultaneous laser incision of the bladder neck for patients with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. Sixty-seven patients with symptomatic bladder outlet obstruction due to benign prostatic hyperplasia were entered into a prospective trial where VLAP was done with neodymium:YAG laser, while the bladder neck incision was done with KTP laser. The laser was delivered using a bare fiber. There was marked improvement demonstrated at three months post-lasing in symptom score and flow rate. No significant changes were noticed in the subsequent follow-up. However, the addition of the bladder neck incision increased the rate of retrograde ejaculation without appreciable improvement in symptom score or flow rate when compared to other published data. None of the patients developed bladder neck contracture. VLAP, using a bare fiber, in conjunction with laser bladder neck incision, produces durable improvement in urine flow rate and symptom score in patients with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia without the development of bladder neck contracture. This method will reduce the costs of laser prostatectomy.
A 512×576 65-nm CMOS ISFET sensor for food safety screening with 123.8 mV/pH sensitivity and 0.01 pH resolution (2016)

Internet-of-things (IoTs) need a common CMOS technology platform to build multi-modal sensor on chip. This paper shows a CMOS-based ion-sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET) pH sensor for food safety screening. A low-power high-gain subthreshold trans-impedance amplifier is integrated with an integration capacitor to form a readout scheme by pH-to-time-to-voltage conversion (pH-TVC), which greatly improves sensitivity of a single ISFET pixel. Fabricated in standard CMOS 65-nm process with the smallest pixel pitch of 4.4 µm, a 123.8 mV/pH sensitivity is achieved compared to traditional source-follower readout with a 6.3 mV/pH sensitivity. E. coli experiment further shows its great potential to monitor hygiene condition for food safety with a 0.01 pH resolution.
Rethinking Screening for Breast Cancer and Prostate Cancer (2009)

After 20 years of screening for breast and prostate cancer, several observations can be made. First, the incidence of these cancers increased after the introduction of screening but has never returned to prescreening levels. Second, the increase in the relative fraction of early stage cancers has increased. Third, the incidence of regional cancers has not decreased at a commensurate rate. One possible explanation is that screening may be increasing the burden of low-risk cancers without significantly reducing the burden of more aggressively growing cancers and therefore not resulting in the anticipated reduction in cancer mortality. To reduce morbidity and mortality from prostate cancer and breast cancer, new approaches for screening, early detection, and prevention for both diseases should be considered.
Design of Last-Level On-Chip Cache Using Spin-Torque Transfer RAM (STT RAM) (2009)

Because of its high storage density with superior scalability, low integration cost and reasonably high access speed, spin-torque transfer random access memory (STT RAM) appears to have a promising potential to replace SRAM as last-level on-chip cache (e.g., L2 or L3 cache) for microprocessors. Due to unique operational characteristics of its storage device magnetic tunneling junction (MTJ), STT RAM is inherently subject to a write latency versus read latency tradeoff that is determined by the memory cell size. This paper first quantitatively studies how different memory cell sizing may impact the overall computing system performance, and shows that different computing workloads may have conflicting expectations on memory cell sizing. Leveraging MTJ device switching characteristics, we further propose an STT RAM architecture design method that can make STT RAM cache with relatively small memory cell size perform well over a wide spectrum of computing benchmarks. This has been well demonstrated using CACTI-based memory modeling and computing system performance simulations using SimpleScalar. Moreover, we show that this design method can also reduce STT RAM cache energy consumption by up to 30% over a variety of benchmarks.
Considerations of non-sinusoidal field distribution in a permanent magnet synchronous motor control (1994)

International audience
Intrinsic peroxidase-like activity and catalase-like activity of Co3O4 nanoparticles (2012)

We demonstrate that Co(3)O(4) nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit intrinsic peroxidase-like activity and catalase-like activity. The peroxidase-like activity of the Co(3)O(4) NPs originates from their ability of electron transfer between reducing substrates and H(2)O(2), not from ˙OH radical generated. As peroxidase mimetics, Co(3)O(4) NPs were used for colorimetric determination of H(2)O(2) and glucose.
Recycled Wool-Based Nonwoven Material as an Oil Sorbent (2003)

The aim of this study was to highlight the possibility of using recycled wool-based nonwoven material as a sorbent in an oil spill cleanup. This material sorbed higher amounts of base oil SN 150 than diesel or crude oil from the surface of a demineralized or artificial seawater bath. Superficial modification of material with the biopolymer chitosan and low-temperature air plasma led to a slight decrease of sorption capacity. Loose fibers of the same origin as nonwoven material have significantly higher sorption capacities than investigated nonwoven material. White light scanning interferometry analysis of the fibers suggested that roughness of the wool fiber surface has an important role in oil sorption. The laboratory experiments demonstrated that this material is reusable. Recycled wool-based nonwoven material showed good sorption properties and adequate reusability, indicating that a material based on natural fibers could be a viable alternative to commercially available synthetic materials that have poor biodegradability.