gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Database Design for Mere Mortals: A Hands-On Guide to Relational Database Design (3rd Edition) (2013)

The #1 Easy, Commonsense Guide to Database Design! Michael J. Hernandezs best-selling Database Design for Mere Mortals has earned worldwide respect as the clearest, simplest way to learn relational database design. Now, hes made this hands-on, software-independent tutorial even easier, while ensuring that his design methodology is still relevant to the latest databases, applications, and best practices. Step by step, Database Design for Mere Mortals , Third Edition, shows you how to design databases that are soundly structured, reliable, and flexible, even in modern web applications. Hernandez guides you through everything from database planning to defining tables, fields, keys, table relationships, business rules, and views. Youll learn practical ways to improve data integrity, how to avoid common mistakes, and when to break the rules. Coverage includes Understanding database types, models, and design terminology Discovering what good database design can do for youand why bad design can make your life miserable Setting objectives for your database, and transforming those objectives into real designs Analyzing a current database so you can identify ways to improve it Establishing table structures and relationships, assigning primary keys, setting field specifications, and setting up views Ensuring the appropriate level of data integrity for each application Identifying and establishing business rules Whatever relational database systems you use, Hernandez will help you design databases that are robust and trustworthy. Never designed a database before? Settling for inadequate generic designs? Running existing databases that need improvement? Start here.
Optical fiber-based single-shot picosecond transient absorption spectroscopy (2009)

A new type of single-shot transient absorption apparatus is described based on a bundle of optical fibers. The bundle contains 100 fibers of different lengths, each successively giving approximately 15 ps longer optical delay. Data are collected by imaging light from the exit of the bundle into a sample where it is overlapped with an electron pulse or laser excitation pulse, followed by imaging onto a charge coupled device (CCD) detector where the intensity of light from each fiber is measured simultaneously. Application to both ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopy and pulse radiolysis is demonstrated. For pulse radiolysis, the prototype bundle provides the ability to collect data with a time resolution limited only by the electron pulse width of 7-10 ps, over a total single-shot time window of approximately 1.5 ns. Tunable probe light is obtained from a titanium-sapphire laser and an optical parametric amplifier. Corrections are made to remove the fiber-to-fiber variations in signal magnitude due to the spatial overlap of the electron beam and probe image. High quality data can be collected over most of the sensitivity range of the CCD camera detectors. The single-shot instrument is valuable for measurement of samples that are only available in very limited quantities, are too viscous to flow, or are rigid. It is therefore excellent in applications, such as picosecond pulse radiolysis, where the thousands of pulses per kinetic trace typical in classical pump-probe experiments can damage the sample before useful results could be obtained.
Some surprising helical interaction circuits may hasten millimeter waves (1982)

Spurred on by the need for affordable broadband power at millimeter wavelengths, the long dormant helix loaded waveguide interaction circuit is making a comeback. It is one circuit which deserves a long, hard second look for numerous reasons; high peak and average power capability, low part count, ease of fabrication, and insensitivity to tolerance variations. The helix loaded waveguide is closely related electrically to the many forms of the transmission line helix. Somewhat more surprising, it can be derived from a helically coiled double ridge waveguide, an as yet untested interaction circuit which has theoretical design and performance characteristics much like those of the fast wave gyro TWT. In fact, it may be an attractive alternative to the fast wave TWT for numerous applications.
Dynamic structure and embedded representation in physics: The group theory of the adiabatic approximation (1988)

The group theoretical concepts of embedded representations and dynamical structure groups, distinct from dynamical symmetry groups, are introduced in order to describe the common physical situation in which collective bands of states of a many-body system are well described by an algebraic collective model even though the states may not span an invariant subspace of the many-body Hilbert space.
Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells: Osteogenesis <i>in vivo</i> as seed cells for bone tissue engineering (2008)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are ideal seed cells for bone tissue engineering. However, intrinsic deficiencies exist for the autologous transplantation strategy of constructing artificial bone with MSCs derived from bone marrow of patients. In this study, MSCs-like cells were isolated from human umbilical cords and were expanded in vitro. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that cells from the fourth passage were positive for CD29, CD44, CD71, CD73, CD90, and CD105 whereas they were negative for CD14, CD34, CD45, and CD117. Furthermore, these cells expressed HLA-A, B, C (MHC-I), but not HLA-DP, DQ, DR (MHC-II), or costimulatory molecules such as CD80 and CD86. Following incubation in specific inductive media for 3 weeks, cultured cells were shown to possess potential to differentiate into adipogenic, osteogenic or chondrogenic lineages in vitro. The umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UC-MSCs) were loaded with a biomimetic artificial bone scaffold material before being implanted subcutaneously in the back of Balb/c nude mice for four to twelve weeks. Our results revealed that UC-MSCs loaded with the scaffold displayed capacity of osteogenic differentiation leading to osteogenesis with human origin in vivo. As a readily available source of seed cells for bone tissue engineering, UC-MSCs should have broad application prospects.
Adlai E. Stevenson: Part I. Stevenson as spokesman (1960)

(1960). Adlai E. Stevenson: Part I. Stevenson as spokesman. Today's Speech: Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 3-5.
Design and implementation of automatic number plate recognition on android platform (2012)

Android platform has gained popularity in recent years in terms of market share and number of available applications. Android operating system is built on a modified Linux kernel with built-in services such as email, web browser, and map applications. In this paper, automatic number plate recognition (ANPR) was designed and implemented on Android mobile phone platform. First, the graphical user interface (GUI) for capturing image using built-in camera was developed to acquire car plate number in Malaysia. Second, the preprocessing of raw image was done using contrast enhancement, filtering, and straightening. Next, an optical character recognition (OCR) using neural network was utilized to extract texts and numbers. The proposed ANPR algorithm was implemented and simulated using Android SDK on a computer. The preliminary results showed that our system is able to recognize most of the plate characters by almost 88%. Future research includes optimizing the system for mobile phone implementation with limited CPU and memory resources, and geo-tagging of the image using GPS coordinates and online database for various mobile applications.
When failure is not an option (2014)

Some organizations seem to have purged "human error", operating highly complex and hazardous technological systems essentially without mistakes. How do they do it?
A cluster process monitoring tool for intrusion detection: proof-of-concept (2004)

Large-scale commodity cluster systems are finding increasing deployment in academic, research, and commercial settings. As a direct result of this popularity, cluster systems are also under increasing security threats. Unfortunately, there have been no corresponding improvements in security tools that specifically address the unique needs of cluster security. The paper describes an ongoing research effort at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications to develop tools for managing cluster security via process monitoring. We describe an extensible architecture and present details of a prototype process monitoring tool focused on intrusion detection.
Optimization of BARC process for hyper-NA immersion lithography (2008)

The extension of current 193nm immersion lithography technology is depending on increasing the numerical aperture (NA). High-resolution imaging requires the decrease of photoresist thickness to compensate for smaller depth of focus (DOF) and prevent pattern collapse. Poor etch selectivity between photoresist and BARC reads to the use of thinner BARC with faster etch-rate. Also, controlling reflectance over a wider range of incident angles for hyper-NA above 1.0 gives more challenge for thin BARC. To reduce substrate reflectivity, various material strategies (dual-layer BARC such as organic/inorganic BARC or organic/organic BARC, Si-based ARC/spin-on carbon (SOC), and so on) have been introduced through many papers. Organic dual-layer BARC is capable of suppressing reflectivity through wide range of incident angles. But, the inevitable increase of its thickness is not a desirable direction due to the decreasing trend of photoresist thickness. When amorphous carbon (a-C) is used as a hardmask for sub-stack, the combination of organic/inorganic BARC (i.e. SiON) is currently well known process. Si-ARC/SOC may be the promising candidates of hardmask because Si component of Si-ARC affords a high etch selectivity to photoresist and its combination with SOC decreases reflectance. The optical constants of above organic materials can be tuned to control the substrate reflectivity for hyper-NA.
Start-Up Response of Fluid Film Lubricated Cryogenic Turbopumps (Preprint) (2007)

Reusable primary power cryogenic turbopumps (TPs) implement externally pressurized fluid film bearings to support the expected large thrust and lateral radial loads. Compact - low count part TPs operate super critically at exceedingly high shaft speeds (180 krpm) and with large pressure differentials. Hybrid journal bearings (HJBs) enable smaller and lighter turbopumps through no bearing DN life limitation. The growth of an "all-fluid-film- bearing" technology for reusable and less costly (per launch) TPs demands the development of analytical models and design tools accompanied by the testing of components. The paper presents a computational model for the prediction of the start-up performance of a flexible rotor supported on hydrostatic radial bearings. The transient response of rotor-bearing systems is of importance to determine safe operation and reliable dynamic performance under extreme loading conditions. In the start-up operation of a cryogenic TP, the fluid supply and discharge pressures, as well as the radial loads acting on the bearings, depend on pump rotor speed. The designed aerodynamic performance of the whole turbopump determines the schedule of rotor speed ramp-up. The start-up event is quite short in nature, lasting a few seconds at most. The bearing reaction forces are calculated from the numerical solution of unsteady bulk-flow equations including fluid inertia, flow turbulence, variable fluid properties and thermal energy transport. The equations of motion for the rotor and the fluid film bearings are solved numerically with local linearization at each integration time step. Predictions for the transient start-up response of a test rotor supported on water hydrostatic bearings are presented. The numerical results evidence the effect of rotor mass on the rotordynamic stability of the rotor-bearing system.
Effect of Nonideal Linear Polarizers, Stray Magnetic Field, and Vibration on the Accuracy of Open-Core Optical Current Transducers (2014)

Because of the lower cost of open-core optical current transducers (OCTs), they are the first choice among different types of OCTs if their accuracy fulfills the requirements. Therefore, this paper studies the accuracy of the open-core OCTs and attempts to increase the accuracy using special considerations. First, errors due to nonideality in linear polarizers have been determined using Jones matrices mathematics. Then, the effects of vibration and stray-field on the accuracy of the open-core OCTs have been investigated. For this purpose, the OCT has been modeled macroscopically applying finite element method in COMSOL Multiphysics. The results are validated by means of comparison with experimental and computational results. At last, different topologies have been proposed to reach higher accuracies but retain the low price. Results show that the open-core OCT is very sensitive to external effects, but by special techniques the OCT can be accurate enough to work in high-voltage substations.
Antagonistic effects of trifluoperazine, imipramine, and chlorpromazine against acetylcholine-induced contractions in isolated rat uterus. (1997)

The muscarinic receptors on uterus behaved as M3 subtype. Tri and Imi, but not Chl, were competitive antagonist of muscarinic receptors of uterus. Imi behaved a simple competitive antagonist at a single site on myometrium, but Tri was not a simple competitive agent at a single site.
MiR-124 regulates osteoblast differentiation through GSK-3β in ankylosing spondylitis. (2018)

MiR-124 decreased and GSK-3β elevated in AS ligament tissue. Down-regulation of miR-124 expression enhanced GSK-3β expression, weakened Wnt/β-catenin pathway activity, and inhibited the differentiation of ligament fibroblasts into osteoblasts.
Hydroxycinnamic acids in the digestive tract of livestock and humans (1999)

Hydroxycinnamic acids are consumed as water-soluble conjugates and in larger amounts bound to plant cell walls. Bound acids are primarily released by microbial action in the modified forestomach of ruminants and the hindgut of non-ruminant species, including humans. In the rumen, rapid hydrogenation of p-coumaric, ferulic and caffeic acids, followed by dehydroxylation at C4 and more slowly at C3 yields 3-phenylpropionic acid. Phenylpropionate is absorbed and undergoes β-oxidation in the liver to benzoic acid which is then excreted predominately (75–95%) as its glycine conjugate (hippuric acid), but also as the free acid or glucuronide. In non-ruminants, hydroxycinnamates may be absorbed unchanged in the upper digestive tract via a Na+-dependent saturable transport system or escape to the hindgut where they are subject to microbial transformations with further absorption of metabolites. Metabolites of p-coumaric acid found in rat urine are the unchanged compound and its glycine conjugate, the reduced derivative and the β-oxidation product, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid. Caffeic acid and its methyl ethers (ferulic and iso-ferulic acids) are interconvertable and share metabolites. As in the rumen, reduction of the C3 side-chain, demethylation of ferulate and dehydroxylation at C4 are products of microbial action. Dehydroxylation at C3 is more rarely encountered. The resulting 3-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid is commonly found in the urine of all species and is the major metabolite in rats where relatively little chain-shortening occurs. A larger range of metabolites including C6–C1 compounds have been detected in human urine. Metabolism of hydroxycinnamate dimers found as cross-links between polysaccharide chains has been little studied although evident differences in the ability to metabolise such compounds exist between the human and rumen microflora. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry
Context-constrained matching of hierarchical CAD-based models for outdoor scene interpretation (2002)

The authors propose a method for outdoor scene interpretation which recognizes many kinds of objects in the scene, and determines their geometric structures using context information of objects in the scene and flexible matching of hierarchical CAD-based models. The system can deal with outdoor scenes with artificial objects which may have various shapes and sizes, and natural objects for which there are no CAD-based models. The system uses the intermediate results of the scene interpretation as context information to prune the candidate object classes, their positions and orientations, and uses hierarchical CAD models so that higher models may be able to represent one object class such as a house, with several variations by allowing changes of dimensions. The input scene is segmented into a ground plane and objects on it using the multisensory information such as video and range images, and planar surface patches are extracted from the segmented regions. Flexible matching between the scene descriptions and the hierarchical CAD models is performed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
ChemInform Abstract: Plasma‐Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition and Characterization of Boron Nitride Films. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Active Filtering Function of Three-Phase PWM Boost Rectifier Under Different Line Voltage Conditions (2005)

Slight hardware and algorithm modifications as well as a higher power ratio of a three-phase pulsewidth-modulation (PWM) rectifier make compensation of neighboring nonlinear power load possible. The active filtering function enlarges the functionality of PWM rectifiers, which decreases the cost of additional installation of compensating equipment. It gives a chance to fulfill both shunt active filter (SAF) and PWM rectifier tasks in a multidrive system by one advanced converter. Thanks to the idea of virtual flux, the direct power control space-vector-modulated (DPC-SVM) and new synchronous double reference frame phase-locked loop approach, the control system is resistant to a majority of line voltage disturbances. This assures proper operation of the system for abnormal and failure grid conditions. Simulation and experimental results have proven excellent performance and verify the validity of the proposed system.
Evaluation of PCR Amplification Bias by Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis of Small-Subunit rRNA and <i>mcrA</i> Genes by Using Defined Template Mixtures of Methanogenic Pure Cultures and Soil DNA Extracts (2003)

Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis is a widely used method for profiling microbial community structure in different habitats by targeting small-subunit (SSU) rRNA and also functional marker genes. It is not known, however, whether relative gene frequencies of individual community members are adequately represented in post-PCR amplicon frequencies as shown by T-RFLP. In this study, precisely defined artificial template mixtures containing genomic DNA of four different methanogens in various ratios were prepared for subsequent T-RFLP analysis. PCR amplicons were generated from defined mixtures targeting not only the SSU rRNA but also the methyl-coenzyme M reductase (mcrA/mrtA) genes of methanogens. Relative amplicon frequencies of microorganisms were quantified by comparing fluorescence intensities of characteristic terminal restriction fragments. SSU ribosomal DNA (rDNA) template ratios in defined template mixtures of the four-membered community were recovered absolutely by PCR-T-RFLP analysis, which demonstrates that the T-RFLP analysis evaluated can give a quantitative view of the template pool. SSU rDNA-targeted T-RFLP analysis of a natural community was found to be highly reproducible, independent of PCR annealing temperature, and unaffected by increasing PCR cycle numbers. Ratios of mcrA-targeted T-RFLP analysis were biased, most likely by PCR selection due to the degeneracy of the primers used. Consequently, for microbial community analyses, each primer system used should be evaluated carefully for possible PCR bias. In fact, such bias can be detected by using T-RFLP analysis as a tool for the precise quantification of the PCR product pool.
NEW GOODRICH WIND TUNNEL TESTS ADVANCED AIRCRAFT DE-ICING SYSTEMS (1988)

In 1985 BF Goodrich made the decision to build a modern, fully calibrated icing tunnel that would allow Goodrich engineers to develop and test de-icing systems and also permit on-going research into the physics of ice formation on aircraft. The icing tunnel is a closed-loop, low-speed facility 70 ft long and 40 ft wide. Airflow is provided by a 200-hp electric motor coupled to a variable frequency, alternating current drive mechanism. Following a detailed description of the design and operation of the icing tunnel, this article presents the results of on-going tests of silver estane polyurethane rubber de-icer for general aviation and regional airline aircraft.
Inoperability input‐output modeling (IIM) of disruptions to supply chain networks (2009)

Abstract In this paper, the Inoperability Input‐Output Model (IIM) is deployed for assessing the impacts of disruptive events on supply chain networks under an unsafe environment. The IIM for supply chain networks has been proposed, based on the original IIM used in macro‐economics. A new method called the OWA (Ordered Weighted Averaging) Operator has been formulated to evaluate the interdependency matrix, a key component of the IIM. Similar to the capability of the basic IIM to describe the propagation impacts of disruptions to macroeconomic systems, the IIM for supply chain networks is capable of describing the propagation effects of disruptions to interdependent supply chain components. IIM assesses the impacts of disruptions to supply chain networks with “inoperability” and “economic losses” metrics, which can provide helpful insights for risk management of supply chain networks. An example supply chain network is used to illustrate the application of IIM for systemic risk assessment of supply chains under an unsafe environment. A risk mitigation strategy by increasing the number of suppliers has been considered to reduce the adverse effects caused by the supply reduction of the single secondary supplier in the example supply chain network. In addition, a simulation model integrated with Monte Carlo simulation method has been developed to validate the accuracy of the IIM for supply chain. The example shows that the application of IIM can provide useful guidance toward supply chain risk management or mitigation strategies and it could also be used to test the effectiveness of these strategies. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng