gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Algal flocculation-sedimentation by pH increase in a continuous reactor (1994)

The effectiveness of microalgae flocculation by pH increase was investigated using the jar test procedure. The results indicated that pH values between 11.8 and 12 induced extensive flocculation without need of adding magnesium. pH was increased by sodium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide. In both cases, the total solids abatement was more than 95% producing sludge of excellent settleability and good mechanical resistance quantified by a destructive test. The next step was the operation of a continuous flocculator which might optionally be packed with granular sand or inert resin. It was shown that a fluidized bed or any other mechanical energy transfer device was not required to obtain more than 95% efficiency with a superficial upflow velocity of 30 m/h corresponding to a residence time through the whole unit of 5 minutes only.
Some Aspects of the Spline Smoothing Approach to Non-Parametric Regression Curve Fitting (1985)

SUMMARY Non-parametric regression using cubic splines is an attractive, flexible and widely-applicable approach to curve estimation. Although the basic idea was formulated many years ago, the method is not as widely known or adopted as perhaps it should be. The topics and examples discussed in this paper are intended to promote the understanding and extend the practicability of the spline smoothing methodology. Particular subjects covered include the basic principles of the method; the relation with moving average and other smoothing methods; the automatic choice of the amount of smoothing; and the use of residuals for diagnostic checking and model adaptation. The question of providing inference regions for curves – and for relevant properties of curves – is approached via a finite-dimensional Bayesian formulation.
Localization and Central Projections of Primary Afferent Neurons That Innervate the Temporomandibular Joint in Cats (1987)

Primary afferent neurons that innervate the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in cats were labeled by injecting a 2-5% solution of wheatgerm agglutinin bound to horseradish peroxidase into the joint capsule and capsular tissues in 14 cats and processing the brain stem and trigeminal ganglia using the tetramethylbenzidine method described by Mesulam (1978). The perikarya of ganglion cells that innervate the TMJ ranged in diameter from 15 to 109 microns and were primarily located in the posterolateral portion of the trigeminal ganglion. The central processes of these neurons entered the brain stem in middle pons and were distributed to all portions of the sensory trigeminal nuclei. However, the majority of labeled fibers and greatest density of terminal labeling were observed in the dorsal part of the main sensory nucleus and the subnucleus oralis of the spinal trigeminal nucleus. Very few labeled fibers were observed in the spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve below the obex. However, evidence for axon terminals was consistently observed in laminae I, II, and III of the medullary dorsal horn. These findings concur with physiological evidence showing that information from the TMJ influences neurons in rostral (Kawamura et al., 1967) and in caudal (Broton et al., 1985) portions of the trigeminal sensory nuclei.
Does Ownership Matter? Public Service Motivation Among Physiotherapists in the Private and Public Sectors in Denmark (2011)

Is public service motivation (PSM) higher in the public sector than in the private sector? Or does the level of PSM depend on the task rather than on the sector in which the employee works? It is often difficult to investigate sector differences, as private and public employees typically perform different tasks. Here, we investigate the differences in the PSM levels for a single occupational group performing the same tasks in the private and public sectors: Danish physiotherapists. The article also aims to investigate whether public and private sector employment is related to different types of PSM. The most important findings are that there is no difference in the general level of PSM between employees performing the same tasks in public and private organizations, but whereas private sector physiotherapists seem to be more narrowly oriented toward the user, public sector physiotherapists have a broader orientation toward the public interest.
Finite element analysis for simplified thermal dose planning in interstitial laser thermotherapy (1999)

The objective was to investigate if diffusing laser fibres can be modelled as conductive heat sources without miscalculating coagulated volumes, and if finite element analysis, disregarding light transport, may be used for three dimensional (3D) treatment planning in interstitial laser thermotherapy (ILT). Temperature distributions and coagulated volumes with a diffusing laser fibre, as compared to a conductive heat source, were numerically calculated at equal output power and with optical tissue properties corresponding to coagulated human liver. Blood flow was absent in the model. The maximum temperature with the diffusing fibre was limited to 100 °C and 5, 10, 20 and 30 minutes heating time was studied. A 3D finite element model was used to calculate temperatures during heating with four cylindrical heat sources (no light emission) and results were compared to measured temperatures during laser irradiation in gel with known optical properties. Coagulated volumes with a single diffusing or conductive applicator ranged from 3.5 to 12.6 cm3 and differed less than 1% at all studied irradiation times. Calculated and measured temperatures with four applicators agreed excellently. The present study should be relevant to ILT of the human liver, when inflow is occluded.
Targeting the cyclin D-cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6-retinoblastoma pathway with selective CDK 4/6 inhibitors in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer: rationale, current status, and future directions. (2016)

Dysregulation of the cyclin D-cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6-INK4-retinoblastoma (Rb) pathway is an important contributor to endocrine therapy resistance. Recent clinical development of selective inhibitors of CDK4 and CDK6 kinases has led to renewed interest in cell cycle regulators, following experience with relatively non-selective pan-CDK inhibitors that often resulted in limited activity and poor safety profiles in the clinic. The highly selective oral CDK 4/6 inhibitors palbociclib (PD0332991), ribociclib (LEE011), and abemaciclib (LY2835219) are able to inhibit the proliferation of Rb-positive tumor cells and have demonstrated dose-dependent growth inhibition in ER+ breast cancer models. In metastatic breast cancer, all three agents are being explored in combination with endocrine therapy in Phase III studies. Results so far indicated promising efficacy and manageable safety profiles, and led to the FDA approval of palbociclib. Phase II-III studies of these agents, in combination with endocrine therapy, are also underway in early breast cancer in the neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings. Selective CDK 4/6 inhibitors are also being investigated with other targeted agents or chemotherapy in the advanced setting. This article reviews the rationale for targeting cyclin D-CDK 4/6 in hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer, provides an overview of the available preclinical and clinical data with CDK 4/6 inhibitors in breast cancer to date, and summarizes the main features of ongoing clinical trials of these new agents in breast cancer. Future trials evaluating further combination strategies with CDK 4/6 backbone and translational studies refining predictive biomarkers are needed to help personalize the optimal treatment regimen for individual patients with ER+ breast cancer.
Rear and side reproduction of elevated sources in Wave-Field Synthesis (2009)

Wave-Field Synthesis (WFS) is a spatial sound reproduction technique that has attracted the interest of many researchers in the last decades. Unfortunately, although WFS has been shown to provide excellent localization accuracy, this property is restricted to sources located in the horizontal plane. In order to deal with this problem, a spectral-filtering-based solution has been recently proposed for achieving slight elevation effects. This paper reports new experiments regarding side and rear reproduction of elevated virtual sources in WFS. Results show that elevation can be also perceived in these cases, confirming the validity of the spectral-filtering approach. 1.
Pecan: Program development systems that support multiple views (1984)

This paper describes the PECAN family of program development systems. PECAN supports multiple views of the user's program. The views can be representations of the program or of the corresponding semantics. The primary program view is a syntax-directed editor. The current semantic views include expression trees, data type diagrams, flow graphs, and the symbol table. PECAN is designed to make effective use of powerful personal machines with high-resolution graphics displays and is currently implemented on APOLLO workstations.
High-sensitivity Optical Sensor Based on Surface Plasmon Resonance Enhanced Goos-Hänchen shift (2006)

A new optical sensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) enhanced Goos-Hanchen(GH) shift is presented. Compared with the traditional SPR techniques, the new method provides higher sensitivity to sensor system. Theoretical simulations show the refractive index (RI) detection sensitivity of the SPR sensor based on the GH shift measurement has a strong dependence on the thickness of the metal film. When the optimal thickness of the metal film is selected, the RI resolution of the SPR sensor is predicted to be 2.2 times 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-7</sup> refractive index units (RIU). Furthermore, it is found that the incidence angle can be used as a parameter to adjust operating range of the sensor to different refractive index ranges.
Postoperative Delirium (2020)

burst suppression is better described as a 'marker' of an abnormal brain response to anesthesia and surgery-not a causal mediator."
Dynamics, Hover Configurations, and Rotor Failure Restabilization of a Morphing Quadrotor (2018)

We present the design of a morphing quadrotor which is capable of arm rotation and extension. Using Lagrangian mechanics, we derive the multibody dynamics. We also derive the set of equations which describe all possible hover configurations of the vehicle. Using these equations, we develop a technique to find a hover configuration in the event a rotor has limited or zero thrust. We then develop a control technique to stabilize the vehicle at these configurations after a rotor has failed. Finally, we present a simulation which demonstrates the viability of recovering from complete and sudden rotor failure.
Regularized extremal bounds analysis (REBA): An approach to quantifying uncertainty in nonlinear geophysical inverse problems (2009)

Geophysical measurements are band‐limited in nature, contain noise, and bear a nonlinear relationship to the subterranean features being sampled. These result in uncertainty in data interpretation and necessitate a regularization approach. Although model uncertainty and non‐uniqueness can be reduced by combining measurements of fundamentally different physical attributes of a subsurface target under investigation or by using available a priori information about the target, quantifying non‐uniqueness remains a difficult task in nonlinear geophysical inversion. This paper develops a new theoretical framework for regularized extremal bounds analysis (REBA) of model uncertainty using the most‐squares formalism. The nonlinear most‐squares method allows for combining data constraints and their associated uncertainties in an objective manner to determine the model bounds. By making the assumption that the relevant bounding models must sample the same underlying geology, it is proposed that structural dissimilarity between the extreme models can be quantified using the cross‐products of the gradients of their property fields and should serve as an objective measure of interpretational uncertainty in multidimensional inversion.
Lactobacillus GG promotes recovery from acute nonbloody diarrhea in Pakistan (1995)

A prospective, placebo-controlled, triple blind clinical trial was carried out in Pakistan to determine the effect of Lactobacillus GG on the course of acute diarrhea in hospitalized children. Forty children (mean age, 13 months) were enrolled and after rehydration received either oral Lactobacillus GG (n = 21) or placebo (n = 19) twice daily for 2 days, in addition to the usual diet. The clinical course of diarrhea was followed during the treatment period. Features on admission into the study groups were similar and were characterized by severe diarrhea, malnutrition and inappropriate management before presentation. Response was evident on Day 2 when the frequency of both vomiting and diarrhea was less in the Lactobacillus group. In those who had presented with acute nonbloody diarrhea (n = 32), the percentage of children with persistent watery diarrhea at 48 hours was significantly less in the Lactobacillus group: 31% vs. 75% (P < 0.01). No significant difference was observed by 48 hours in those presenting with bloody diarrhea. The relevance of this finding to the management of diarrhea in the tropics is discussed.
A Simple Method for Importing Multiple Image Files into PowerPoint (2004)

We designed, tested, and now routinely use a simple macro program for importing all images contained in a single directory into a PowerPoint presentation. The complete text of the macro code is included in this article, and readers are encouraged to experiment with it.
Neuregulin-1 attenuates development of nephropathy in a type 1 diabetes mouse model with high cardiovascular risk (2016)

Neuregulin-1 (NRG-1) is an endothelium-derived growth factor with cardioprotective and antiatherosclerotic properties and is currently being tested in clinical trials as a treatment for systolic heart failure. In clinical practice, heart failure often coexists with renal failure, sharing an overlapping pathophysiological background. In this study, we hypothesized that NRG-1 might protect against cardiomyopathy, atherosclerosis, and nephropathy within one disease process. We tested this hypothesis in a hypercholesterolemic apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE(-/-)) type 1 diabetes mouse model prone to the development of cardiomyopathy, atherosclerosis, and nephropathy and compared the effects of NRG-1 with insulin. Upon onset of hyperglycemia induced by streptozotocin, apoE(-/-)mice were treated with vehicle, insulin, or recombinant human (rh)NRG-1 for 14 wk and were compared with nondiabetic apoE(-/-)littermates. Vehicle-treated diabetic apoE(-/-)mice developed left ventricular (LV) dilatation and dysfunction, dense atherosclerotic plaques, and signs of nephropathy. Nephropathy was characterized by abnormalities including hyperfiltration, albuminuria, increased urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), upregulation of renal fibrotic markers, and glomerulosclerosis. rhNRG-1 treatment induced systemic activation of ErbB2 and ErbB4 receptors in both heart and kidneys and prevented LV dilatation, improved LV contractile function, and reduced atherosclerotic plaque size. rhNRG-1 also significantly reduced albuminuria, NGALuria, glomerular fibrosis, and expression of fibrotic markers. Regarding the renal effects of rhNRG-1, further analysis showed that rhNRG-1 inhibited collagen synthesis of glomerular mesangial cells in vitro but did not affect AngII-induced vasoconstriction of glomerular arterioles. In conclusion, systemic administration of rhNRG-1 in hypercholesterolemic type 1 diabetic mice simultaneously protects against complications in the heart, arteries and kidneys.
Comparison of different models for ground-level atmospheric turbulence strength (Cn^2) prediction with a new model according to local weather data for FSO applications (2015)

Atmospheric parameters strongly affect the performance of free-space optical communication (FSOC) systems when the optical wave is propagating through the inhomogeneous turbulence transmission medium. Developing a model to get an accurate prediction of the atmospheric turbulence strength (C(n)(2)) according to meteorological parameters (weather data) becomes significant to understand the behavior of the FSOC channel during different seasons. The construction of a dedicated free-space optical link for the range of 0.5 km at an altitude of 15.25 m built at Thanjavur (Tamil Nadu) is described in this paper. The power level and beam centroid information of the received signal are measured continuously with weather data at the same time using an optoelectronic assembly and the developed weather station, respectively, and are recorded in a data-logging computer. Existing models that exhibit relatively fewer prediction errors are briefed and are selected for comparative analysis. Measured weather data (as input factors) and C(n)(2) (as a response factor) of size [177,147×4] are used for linear regression analysis and to design mathematical models more suitable in the test field. Along with the model formulation methodologies, we have presented the contributions of the input factors' individual and combined effects on the response surface and the coefficient of determination (R(2)) estimated using analysis of variance tools. An R(2) value of 98.93% is obtained using the new model, model equation V, from a confirmatory test conducted with a testing data set of size [2000×4]. In addition, the prediction accuracies of the selected and the new models are investigated during different seasons in a one-year period using the statistics of day, week-averaged, month-averaged, and seasonal-averaged diurnal Cn2 profiles, and are verified in terms of the sum of absolute error (SAE). A Cn2 prediction maximum average SAE of 2.3×10(-13) m(-2/3) is achieved using the new model in a longer range of dynamic meteorological parameters during the different local seasons.
NALTREXONE IN CHRONIC NEGATIVE SCHIZOPHRENIA (1992)

MARCHESI, G. F.*; SANTONE, G.*; COTANI, P.*; GIORDANO, A.*; CHELLI, F.** Author Information
Immunohistochemical localization of cell adhesion molecule epithelial cadherin in human arachnoid villi and meningiomas. (1992)

Cadherins are a family of intercellular glycoproteins responsible for calcium-dependent cell adhesion and are currently divided into four types: epithelial (E), neuronal (N), placental (P), and vascular (V). Since cadherins are known to be indispensable for not only morphogenesis in the embryo but also maintenance of tumor cell nest, we examined the expression of E-cadherin in 31 meningiomas (11 syncytial, 12 transitional, 8 fibroblastic) and 3 arachnoid villi by immunoblot and immunohistochemical analyses. In the immunoblot analysis, E-cadherin was detected at the main band of Mr 124,000 in all of the arachnoid villi, as well as syncytial and transitional types of meningiomas, but not in the fibroblastic type. The immunohistochemical examination showed that E-cadherin was expressed at the cell borders of syncytial and transitional types, but the expression was absent in the fibroblastic type. Immunoelectron microscopy showed that E-cadherin was localized at the intermediate junctions in arachnoid villi, while it was detected diffusely at the cell surface in meningiomas. It is suggested from these data that the expression of E-cadherin might be closely related to the differentiation and organogenesis of meningioma cells.
ARTERIAL WAVEFORM MEASUREMENT USING A PIEZOELECTRIC SENSOR (2010)

This study aims to develop a new method to monitor peripheral arterial pulse using a PVDF piezoelectric sensor. After comparing different locations of sensor placement, a specific sensor wrap for the finger was developed. Its composition, size, and location make it inexpensive and very convenient to use. In order to monitor the effectiveness of the sensor at producing a reliable pulse waveform, a monitoring system, including the PZT sensor, ECG, pulse-oximeter, respiratory sensor, and accelerometer was setup. Signal analysis from the system helped discover that the PZT waveform is relative to the 1st derivative of the artery pressure wave. Also, the system helped discover that the first, second, and third peaks in PZT waveform represent the pulse peak, inflection point, and dicrotic notch respectively. The relationship between PZT wave and respiration was also analyzed, and, consequently, an algorithm to derive respiratory rate directly from the PZT waveform was developed. This algorithm gave a 96% estimating accuracy. Another feature of the sensor is that by analyzing the relationship between pulse peak amplitude and blood pressure change, temporal artery blood pressure can be predicted during Valsalva maneuver. PZT pulse wave monitoring offers a new type of pulse waveform which is not yet fully understood. Future studies will lead to a more broadly applied use of PZT sensors in cardiac monitoring applications.
22 joves artietes exposen les seves obres de fotoperiodisme (2012)

El Tinglado 1 del Moll de Costa del Port de Tarragona acoge las obras ganadoras del concurso de fotoperiosimo Clic de las ediciones de 2011 y 212. En las obras seleccionadas se reflejan situaciones sociales y la vida diaria de personas con dificultades
Preparation and characterization of novel tricalcium silicate bioceramics (2005)

Novel tricalcium silicate (Ca3SiO5) ceramics were successfully fabricated. The mechanical properties of the ceramics were dependent remarkably on sintering temperature. The fracture toughness, Young's modules, and bending strength of Ca3SiO5 ceramics sintered at 1500 degrees C were 1.93 MPa . m1/2, 36.7 GPa, and 93.4 MPa, respectively. These findings suggest that the Ca3SiO5 ceramics possess good mechanical properties, and might be a potential bone implant material.
Application of pattern recognition and image classification techniques to determine continuous cardiac output from the arterial pressure waveform (1994)

The shape of the arterial pressure waveform is a non-linear function of stroke volume, heart rate and many other cardiovascular parameters. Previous attempts have been made to exploit this relationship and derive cardiac output (CO) from the arterial pressure waveform. These classical "pulse-contour" methods utilized simplifying linear assumptions, as a result they failed to adequately estimate CO over a sufficiently wide range of hemodynamic conditions. We have applied pattern recognition and image processing techniques to the problem of deriving CO from the arterial pressure waveform, thereby eliminating the need for simplifying assumptions. Computer simulations were used to develop the basic pattern recognition algorithms and compare their performance with that of published classical "pulse-contour" methods. Animal models were subsequently used to demonstrate proof of the concept. For over 200,000 individual heart beats, covering a wide range of hemodynamic conditions, the mean error, in calculated CO compared to ultrasonic flow probe determined CO, was 2.8% with a standard deviation of 9.8%.
High-accuracy digital-analog solid-state speed controller (1962)

DURING THE PAST several years there has been a trend toward the use of highly accurate speed controllers. Digital systems using a crystal oscillator reference have incorporated counter circuitry for error integration. The steady-state accuracy of these systems approaches that of their highly accurate reference. Unfortunately, these systems are considerably more complicated and expensive than the analog systems which they replace.