gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Geographic Clustering of <i>Pneumocystis carinii</i> Pneumonia in Patients with HIV Infection (2000)

To detect whether there was geographic clustering of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia cases among patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, we performed a retrospective analysis of a clinical database. The rates of pneumocystosis were analyzed by zip code zones for evidence of geographical clustering. During the study period, 118 patients at our AIDS Treatment Center had a first episode of P. carinii pneumonia. An analysis of the 24 zip code zones for which a P. carinii pneumonia rate was calculated (requiring a denominator of at least 10 known HIV- infected individuals residing in that zone) showed a trend toward geographic clustering (p = 0.07); when all 45 Cincinnati zip code zones were included in the analysis, clustering of cases was observed (p = 0. 02). By contrast, no clustering was observed for 52 HIV-infected control subjects with respiratory disease or for 960 HIV-infected patients treated at our center during the same time period. These data raise intriguing questions about exposure to exogenous sources of P. carinii and suggest the need for prospective studies.
Inside Back Cover: “Helix‐in‐Helix” Superstructure Formation through Encapsulation of Fullerene‐Bound Helical Peptides within a Helical Poly(methyl methacrylate) Cavity (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 3/2017) (2017)

Helical wrapping of C60-bound helical peptides by a syndiotactic poly(methyl methacrylate) (st-PMMA) chain results in induction of a preferred handed helical conformation in the st-PMMA backbone with the same handedness as the peptide. In their Communication on page 791 ff., E. Yashima and co-workers report a novel approach to construct a unique supramolecular helix-in-helix structure through encapsulation of optically active helical peptides bearing the C60 moiety at one end within the st-PMMA cavity; the encapsulation results from a molecular carrier effect of the C60 moiety.
Radiation Environment of Growth Chambers1 (1976)

Abstract Radiation measurements with different types of meters in several controlled environment facilities have been compiled to demonstrate the problems associated with insuring uniform radiation levels in separate faciities. Data are provided for a quantum meter, three photometers, a pyranometer and a far-red energy meter. Significant variations in total radiant energy in chambers under similar photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) levels were demonstrated. Measurement of light under cool white fluorescent and incandescent lighting with calibrated photometers from different manufacturers, varied by 20%. Greater variation occurred when photometer measurements were compared under different types of lamps. One of the most significant variations in different chambers was the intensity of incandescent radiation. This could only be effectively monitored and controlled with the far-red sensor. Factors are given for conversion between quantum, photometric and radiometric measurements, but high precision cannot be assumed in the use of these factors because of the differences in instrument sensitivity and variations in spectral output of lamps. The study documents the need for calibration of instruments under the same type of light source that is utilized in the growth chambers and for the use of more than one type of sensing instrument to quantify the radiation that controls plant growth.
Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) in the hippocampus of Alzheimer patients (2002)

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is best known for its hypothalamic neuroendocrine role in regulating thyroid function. In extra-hypothalamic regions in vitro, we have shown TRH to have a protective effect against synaptic loss and neuronal apoptosis. A role for TRH in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has not been established previously. In this study, we examined the content of the TRH peptide in the hippocampus of elderly controls (n=5) and AD patients (n=7) by radioimmunoassay (RIA). The TRH concentration was decreased in the AD hippocampus compared to normal elderly controls (p < 0.01). In a separate series of experiments utilizing primary cell cultures made from rat hippocampus, TRH peptide concentration was depleted by the addition of TRH antiserum. TRH withdrawal was found to enhance the activity of glycogen synthetase kinase-3 (GSK-3beta), a critical enzyme necessary for the phosphorylation of tau, as well as the phosphorylation of the tau protein itself. This TRH depletion induced upregulation in phosphorylation that was observed to initiate axonal retraction in cultured neurons. These data suggest that TRH within the hippocampus can regulate the activity of various proteins by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation that may be involved in the pathogenesis of AD.
Cyclic Metal Complexes of Nucleobases and Other Heterocycles: Molecular Boxes, Rectangles, and Hexagons (1997)

Depending on the configuration of the metal unit (cis or trans) and the sequence of coordination by six-membered heterocycles uracil, 1-methylcytosine, and 2-amino-pyridine, complexes of different topologies—open box, rectangle, or hexagon—are obtained (see below). These complexes contain six or eight metal units (with PtII, NiII, PdII, CuII, or AgI; represented by spheres) in unusual relative arrangements.
Positive and Negative Regulation of Salicylic Acid-Dependent Cell Death and Pathogen Resistance in Arabidopsis <i>lsd6</i> and <i>ssi1</i> Mutants (2000)

Salicylic acid (SA) is a key defense molecule in higher plants that is required for resistance to diverse pathogens. A number of mutants of Arabidopsis with elevated resistance to pathogens and constitutive activation of defense-related genes and cell death have been shown to require SA for all of their phenotypes. These mutants potentially identify interesting regulatory genes that control diverse SA responses. When dominant mutations confer SA-dependent phenotypes, it is important to know the genetic basis of dominance in order to draw conclusions on the possible mechanisms of action of the genes identified. Here I characterize the basis of the dominant phenotypes conferred by the ssi1 and lsd6 mutations. I show that ssi1 is haploinsufficient, while lsd6 is a gain-of-function mutation. Thus, SA-dependent responses are under both negative and positive regulation.
Vascular stents with rationally-designed surface patterning (2012)

Herein, we discuss our recent progress towards realization of next-generation vascular stents that seek to mitigate adverse physiological responses to stenting via rational design of stent surface topography at the nanoscale. Specifically, we will discuss advances in patterning of deep sub-micrometer scale features in titanium (Ti) substrates, creation of cylindrical stents from micromachined planar Ti substrates, and integration of these processes to produce devices that will eventually allow evaluation of rationally-designed nanopatterning in physiologically-relevant contexts. We will also discuss results from mechanical testing and finite element modeling of these devices to assess their mechanical performance. These efforts represent key steps towards our long-term goal of developing a new paradigm for stents in which rationally-designed surface nanopatterning provides a physical means for complementing, or replacing, current pharmacological interventions.
A Simultaneous map building system by using developed photo PSD sensors (2006)

This paper presents the work of developed sensor system for indoor map building. One of the objectives of this work is to develop a low-cost product. Most robots are equipped with obstacle detectors that operate using ultrasound. However, ultrasonic sensor has major problems: the uncertainty information of sensor, false readings caused by specular reflection and multi path effect. In order to resolve these problems, we developed a range finder sensor module which consists of low cost photo PSD (position sensitive detector) sensors. PSD sensor is cost effective and light weighting but its signal has many noises. We propose an effective filter to remove these noises. The map building system consists of navigation module and map building module based on developed PSD sensor module. In this paper, we represent a cost effective map building system using developed PSD sensor controller. We proved this system's validity through field test
Design of robustly testable combinational logic circuits (1991)

An integrated approach to the design of combinational logic circuits in which all path delay faults and multiple line stuck-at, transistor stuck-open faults are detectable by robust tests is proposed. Robustly testable static CMOS primitive logic circuit designs are presented for any arbitrary combinational logic function. They require no special gates, and fan-in and fan-out constraints do not affect the designs. Extra controllable inputs or additional hardware to achieve testability was not used. It is demonstrated that the method guarantees the design of CMOS logic circuits in which all path delay faults are locatable.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Distribution of inflammation and atrophy in the stomach of Helicobacter pylori-positive and -negative patients with chronic gastritis. (1996)

At the greater curvature of the body, the development of atrophy is closely associated with the increase in the severity of inflammation, which is more marked in H. pylori-positive patients.
A simple apparatus for preparing aldehydes. A warning (1933)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA simple apparatus for preparing aldehydes. A warningC. Johnson and C. E. Burke Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1933, 10, 10, 641Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1933Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 October 1933Published inissue 1 October 1933https://doi.org/10.1021/ed010p641.2RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views28Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (803 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: STEREOCHEMICAL STUDIES, XXVI. ACID AMIDES OF POTENTIAL PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY, II. THE SYNTHESIS OF CIS‐ AND TRANS‐2‐AMINO‐1‐CYCLOPENTANE‐, ‐1‐CYCLOHEXANE‐ AND ‐1‐CYCLOHEPTANECARBOXAMIDE DERIVATIVES (1976)

Abstract Ausgehend von den cis‐ und trans‐Aminosäuren (Ia)‐(Ic) werden nach Schutz der Aminogruppe [→(II)] durch Kondensation mit entsprechenden Aminen (III) nach der Anhydridmethode die Amide (IV) dargestellt; nachfolgende Schutzgruppenabspaltung gibt die gewünschten, für pharmakologische Untersuchungen vorgesehenen Verbindungen (V) [z. T. isoliert als Hydrobromide bzw. Hydrochloride].
Low-Pressure CO2 Capture Using Ionic Liquids to Enable Mars Propellant Production (2020)

Room-temperature ionic liquids offer a potential technological approach for propellant production on Mars using in situ resources. These unique salts can be employed to preferentially capture carbon dioxide from the atmosphere of the planet for subsequent processing. To explore this application, and argon solubility experiments were performed with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate ([BMIM][Tfo]) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([BMIM][Ac]) over partial pressures of 0–84 kPa. The benchtop data are then extrapolated to anticipated specifications required for a flight-scale capture system on Mars. An artificial increase in partial pressure from local atmospheric conditions (0.8 kPa) to 84 kPa will significantly reduce the required mass of ionic liquid due to enhanced uptake. Meanwhile, the mass and volume specifications of [BMIM][Ac] are more competitive than [BMIM][Tfo]. The time interval for capture with [BMIM][Ac] is also shown to be a driving factor in required mass because 81% of the maximum uptake capacity is absorbed in approximately a third of the time needed to fully load the ionic liquid with .
Interference with Hemozoin Formation Represents an Important Mechanism of Schistosomicidal Action of Antimalarial Quinoline Methanols (2009)

The overall significant reduction in several disease burden parameters by the antimalarial quinoline methanols indicates that interference with Hz formation in S. mansoni represents an important mechanism of schistosomicidal action of these compounds and points out the heme crystallization process as a valid chemotherapeutic target to treat schistosomiasis.
Metabolic response to carbohydrate ingestion during exercise in males and females (2005)

The present study investigated potential sex-related differences in the metabolic response to carbohydrate (CHO) ingestion during exercise. Moderately endurance-trained men and women (n = 8 for each sex) performed 2 h of cycling at approximately 67% Vo(2 max) with water (WAT) or CHO ingestion (1.5 g of glucose/min). Substrate oxidation and kinetics were quantified during exercise using indirect calorimetry and stable isotope techniques ([(13)C]glucose ingestion, [6,6-(2)H(2)]glucose, and [(2)H(5)]glycerol infusion). In both sexes, CHO ingestion significantly increased the rates of appearance (R(a)) and disappearance (R(d)) of glucose during exercise compared with WAT ingestion [males: WAT, approximately 28-29 micromol x kg lean body mass (LBM)(-1) x min(-1); CHO, approximately 53 micromol x kg LBM(-1) x min(-1); females: WAT, approximately 28-29 micromol x kg LBM(-1) x min(-1); CHO, approximately 61 micromol x kg LBM(-1) x min(-1); main effect of trial, P < 0.05]. The contribution of plasma glucose oxidation to the energy yield was significantly increased with CHO ingestion in both sexes (from approximately 10% to approximately 20% of energy expenditure; main effect of trial, P < 0.05). Liver-derived glucose oxidation was reduced, although the rate of muscle glycogen oxidation was unaffected with CHO ingestion (males: WAT, 108 +/- 12 micromol x kg LBM(-1) x min(-1); CHO, 108 +/- 11 micromol x kg LBM(-1) x min(-1); females: WAT, 89 +/- 10 micromol x kg LBM(-1) x min(-1); CHO, 93 +/- 11 micromol x kg LBM(-1) x min(-1)). CHO ingestion reduced fat oxidation and lipolytic rate (R(a) glycerol) to a similar extent in both sexes. Finally, ingested CHO was oxidized at similar rates in men and women during exercise (peak rates of 0.70 +/- 0.08 and 0.65 +/- 0.06 g/min, respectively). The present investigation suggests that the metabolic response to CHO ingestion during exercise is largely similar in men and women.
Passive timing synchronization between Ti:sapphire laser and Yb-doped fiber laser (2008)

We demonstrated passive timing stabilization of mode-locked Ti:sapphire and Yb-fiber oscillators. The timing jitter of two femtosecond laser pulses was 3.2 fs from 10-kHz to 1-Hz integration.
Infrared optical manufacturing trends (2005)

This paper attempts to inform and educate readers to some of the more recent changes in infrared material pricing and availability along with the impact of optical manufacturing trends and the means by which optical designers, manufacturers and product end-users are using to avoid or eliminate the pitfalls these changes may create.
On Ingravescent Apoplexy. A Contribution to the Localisation of Cerebral Lesions (1876)

SYIn TimO:AS WATSON followinig Abercrombie and cor- roboratiungr by lis own observation the distinctionls laid dowln by Abercromlbie describes tlhree formas of apoplectic attack."In the first formi of tllc attack, the patient falls down suddenily, deprived of sense and nmotion, and lies like a person in a deep sleep; hiis facc generally flushed, his breathinig stertorous, hiis pulse full and not frequent, sometimes below the natural standard.In some of these convulsions occur; in otlhers rigidity and contraction of the muscles of the limbs, sometimes on one side only." Now., respecting persons seen in this condition, the immediate prognosis is uncertaini.Some die in a short tinme anid much blood is found extravasated within the cranium.Some die after a rather loinger interval, and VOL.LIX.22
Neuropeptide Y<sub>5</sub>Receptors Reduce Synaptic Excitation in Proximal Subiculum, But Not Epileptiform Activity in Rat Hippocampal Slices (2000)

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) potently inhibits excitatory synaptic transmission in the hippocampus, acting predominantly via a presynaptic Y(2) receptor. Recent reports that the Y(5) receptor may mediate the anticonvulsant actions of NPY in vivo prompted us to test the hypothesis that Y(5) receptors inhibit synaptic excitation in the hippocampal slice and, furthermore, that they are effective in an in vitro model of anticonvulsant action. Two putative Y(5) receptor-preferring agonists inhibited excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) evoked by stimulation of stratum radiatum in pyramidal cells. We recorded initially from area CA1 pyramidal cells, but subsequently switched to cells from the subiculum, where a much greater frequency of response was observed to Y(5) agonist application. Both D-Trp(32)NPY (1 microM) and [ahx(8-20)]Pro(34)NPY (3 microM), a centrally truncated, Y(1)/Y(5) agonist we synthesized, inhibited stimulus-evoked EPSCs in subicular pyramidal cells by 44.0 +/- 5.7% and 51.3 +/- 3.5% (mean +/- SE), in 37 and 58% of cells, respectively. By contrast, the less selective centrally truncated agonist, [ahx(8-20)] NPY (1 microM), was more potent (66.4 +/- 4.1% inhibition) and more widely effective, suppressing the EPSC in 86% of subicular neurons. The site of action of all NPY agonists tested was most probably presynaptic, because agonist application caused no changes in postsynaptic membrane properties. The selective Y(1) antagonist, BIBP3226 (1 microM), did not reduce the effect of either more selective agonist, indicating that they activated presynaptic Y(5) receptors. Y(5) receptor-mediated synaptic inhibition was more frequently observed in slices from younger animals, whereas the nonselective agonist appeared equally effective at all ages tested. Because of the similarity with the previously reported actions of Y(2) receptors, we tested the ability of Y(5) receptor agonists to suppress stimulus train-induced bursting (STIB), an in vitro model of ictaform activity, in both area CA3 and the subiculum. Neither [ahx(8-20)]Pro(34)NPY nor D-Trp(32)NPY were significantly effective in suppressing or shortening STIB-induced afterdischarge, with <20% of slices responding to these agonists in recordings from CA3 and none in subiculum. By contrast, 1 microM each of [ahx(8-20)]NPY, the Y(2) agonist, [ahx(5-24)]NPY, and particularly NPY itself suppressed the afterdischarge in area CA3 and the subiculum, as reported earlier. We conclude that Y(5) receptors appear to regulate excitability to some degree in the subiculum of young rats, but their contribution is relatively small compared with those of Y(2) receptors, declines with age, and is insufficient to block or significantly attenuate STIB-induced afterdischarges.
Dynamic constraint propagation with continuous variables (1992)

Traditional techniques for constraint satisfaction assume that the set of constraints is independent of the results of the propagation process. In many practical problems, especially in automated design, applicability of constraints depends upon assumptions about parameter values, resulting in a dynamic constraint satisfaction problem...
Intracranial Facial Nerve Reconstruction (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery journal
Super Learning: An Application to Prediction of HIV-1 Drug Susceptibility (2006)

Many statistical methods exist that can be used to learn a predictor based on observed data. Examples include decision trees, neural networks, support vector regression, least angle regression, Logic Regression, and the Deletion/Substitution/Addition algorithm. The optimal algorithm for prediction will vary depending on the underlying data-generating distribution. In this article, we introduce a "super learner," a prediction algorithm that applies any set of candidate learners and uses cross-validation to select among them. Theory shows that asymptotically the super learner performs essentially as well or better than any of the candidate learners. We briefly present the theory behind the super learner, before providing an example based on research aimed at predicting the in vitro phenotypic susceptibility of the HIV virus to antiretroviral drugs based on viral mutations. We apply the super learner to predict susceptibility to one protease inhibitor, nelfinavir, using a set of database-derived nonpolymorphic treatment-selected protease mutations.
Man portable mine detector using nuclear quadrupole resonance - first year progress and test results (1998)

We report the results of the first year of a three-year program to develop an NQR-based landmine detection system. An extensive 35 hour series of blind tests was carried out on a new man portable sensor head for detecting RDX. The system achieved a 90% probability of detection with a corresponding 10% false alarm rate multiple times during the different test scenarios. In a smaller set of 1000 blind runs on 60 g and 2.5 kg targets under the same conditions the system repeatedly achieved 100% probability of detection at close to 0% false alarms. In addition, we report the results of a new effort to improve the detection of TNT by NQR. At the end of the first year the system sensitivity is such that scaled to the single sided coil used for RDX, the performance is 225 g of TNT with a 98.5% probability of detection with a corresponding 10% false alarm rate.