gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Acetylcholinesterase from fetal bovine serum. Purification and characterization of soluble G4 enzyme. (1985)

Acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7) from fetal bovine serum (FBS) was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity. The procedure involved procainamide affinity chromatography with native FBS, followed by chromatography on Sepharose 6B and DEAE-Sephadex. The acetylcholinesterase was purified approximately 44,000-fold, and 13 mg was obtained corresponding to an overall yield of about 45%. The purified acetylcholinesterase was stable at 4 degrees C for at least 8 weeks but was labile to freezing; however, in 50% glycerol the enzyme was stable at -20 degrees C for at least 12 weeks. FBS acetylcholinesterase exhibited typical substrate inhibition, had a Km of 120 microM, and a turnover number of 5300 s-1 with the substrate acetylthiocholine. The enzyme was highly sensitive to the specific acetylcholinesterase inhibitor 1,5-bis(4-allyldimethylammoniumphenyl)pentan-3-one. FBS acetylcholinesterase was characterized as a G4 form of acetylcholinesterase and was distinguished from bovine erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase on the basis of lectin gel binding, [3H] Triton X-100 binding, amino acid composition, number of catalytic subunits/molecule, and hydrodynamic properties. FBS acetylcholinesterase had a Stokes radius of 76 A as judged by gel filtration, and from this a molecular weight of 340,000 daltons was calculated. The enzyme had a subunit weight of approximately 83,000 daltons by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; paraoxon titration indicated a relative active site mass of 75,000 daltons. The amino acid composition of FBS acetylcholinesterase was similar to the human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (Rosenberry, T. L., and Scoggin, D. M. (1984) J. Biol. Chem. 259, 5643-5652). A monoclonal antibody directed against human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase, AE-2, (Fambrough, D. M., Engel, A. G., and Rosenberry, T. L. (1982) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 79, 1078-1082) cross-reacted with FBS acetylcholinesterase.
Haptotropic Rearrangements in Sandwich (Fluorenyl)(Cyclopentadienyl) Iron and Ruthenium Complexes (2008)

Haptotropic rearrangements in sandwich (Cp)M(ηn-Flu) (M = Fe, Ru; Flu = fluorenyl) complexes were investigated by theoretical (DFT) methods and experimental techniques as well in the iron case. The molecular structure of the (Cp)Fe(η5-Flu) isomer (A-Fe) was determined by an X-ray diffraction study. The activation barrier for the η6-Flu (B-Fe, kinetic product) ⇆ η5-Flu (A-Fe, thermodynamic product) process in the iron complex was determined by 1H NMR to be 31.4 ± 2.2 kcal·mol−1 in benzene. Using DFT calculations for the η6 ⇆ η5 process in (Cp)M(ηn-Flu) (M = Fe, Ru), two stable intermediates were found, i.e., η3-“frontside” (C) and η4-“backside” (D) species. The “frontside” pathway was found to be 4–5 kcal·mol−1 more favorable than the “backside” pathway for both the Fe and Ru complexes. The corresponding activation barriers were found to be 27.3 (B3LYP set) and 33.2 (BP86 set) kcal·mol−1 for the Fe complexes and 27.9 kcal·mol−1 (B3LYP set) for the Ru complexes.
MIMO Broadcasting for Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer (2013)

Wireless power transfer (WPT) is a promising new solution to provide convenient and perpetual energy supplies to wireless networks. In practice, WPT is implementable by various technologies such as inductive coupling, magnetic resonate coupling, and electromagnetic (EM) radiation, for short-/mid-/long-range applications, respectively. In this paper, we consider the EM or radio signal enabled WPT in particular. Since radio signals can carry energy as well as information at the same time, a unified study on simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) is pursued. Specifically, this paper studies a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless broadcast system consisting of three nodes, where one receiver harvests energy and another receiver decodes information separately from the signals sent by a common transmitter, and all the transmitter and receivers may be equipped with multiple antennas. Two scenarios are examined, in which the information receiver and energy receiver are separated and see different MIMO channels from the transmitter, or co-located and see the identical MIMO channel from the transmitter. For the case of separated receivers, we derive the optimal transmission strategy to achieve different tradeoffs for maximal information rate versus energy transfer, which are characterized by the boundary of a so-called rate-energy (R-E) region. For the case of co-located receivers, we show an outer bound for the achievable R-E region due to the potential limitation that practical energy harvesting receivers are not yet able to decode information directly. Under this constraint, we investigate two practical designs for the co-located receiver case, namely time switching and power splitting, and characterize their achievable R-E regions in comparison to the outer bound.
From Sensor Data Streams to Linked Streaming Data: a survey of main approaches (2017)

Today, large amounts of data are produced by sensor networks. They are continuously producing data streams about real world phenomena. However, these data streams are generated in raw and different formats, lacking the semantics to describe their meanings, which imposes barriers to accessing and using them. To tackle this problem, several solutions using Linked Data Principles have been proposed. In this paper, we survey the main solutions developed by the research communities for publishing data streams in the Web of Data. The major contributions of the paper are the identification of the strengths and limitations of these solutions and, over that basis, the main steps that someone should follow to publish data streams in a manner that anyone can use them, with a minimal understanding of the details. We also highlight the main challenges that emerge from this survey, concluding with a list of research tasks for future work.
In-Situ Pore Pressure at IODP Site U1324, Ursa Basin, Gulf of Mexico (2007)

Abstract We measured pore pressures with two pore pressure penetrometers at IODP Site U1324 in Pleistocene sediments of the Ursa Basin, Gulf of Mexico, directly offshore from the Mississippi Delta. Between the seafloor and 300 meters below the seafloor (mbsf), overpressures reach 80% of the hydrostatic effective stress (?=0.8=(u0-uh)/(?v-uh) In this interval, only low permeability mudstones are present. Beneath 300 mbsf, ?* is approximately 0.2 and the sediments are composed of interbedded mudstone, siltstone, and very fine sandstone. We interpret that the lower relative pressures beneath 300 mbsf are caused by the higher permeability of these sediments. Penetrometer deployments ranged from 30 minutes to 90 minutes, which was not enough time for the measured pressure to dissipate to the in-situ pressure. To estimate the in-situ pressure, we used two inverse time extrapolation techniques: 1/?t, and1/t. We use a theoretical soil model to show that the 1/?textrapolation provides a desirable accuracy in much shorter amount of time than the 1/t extrapolation. Introduction Overpressures, pore pressures in excess of hydrostatic pressure, have been observed in sedimentary basins around the world 1. Knowledge of the distribution of overpressure is critical to explore, drill, and produce hydrocarbons 2, 3. Overpressures drive pore water flow 4, impact large-scale structural development 5, and affect the state of stress 6. In young, cool, sedimentary basins, overpressures are generated in low permeability mudstones due to their inability to drain as they are loaded by sedimentation or deformation. Although the pressure is generated within the mudstone, it is most often measured in permeable formations adjacent to the mudstone 3. Recently, the petroleum industry has extended geotechnical techniques to measure pore pressure within mudstones through the use of pore pressure penetrometers in the borehole to depths of many hundred of meters 7–9. This exciting technique provides direct measurements of pore pressure in low permeability rocks and in some locations it has documented very high pore pressures immediately beneath the seafloor 7. When the penetrometer is pushed into the formation below the bottom of the hole (BOH), a pressure disturbance is created. The time that it takes to disipate this pressure depends on the probe diameter and the hydraulic diffusivity of the sediment. In ocean drilling, the time available for downhole tool measurements is expensive and limited. In this environment, in-situ properties must be interpreted from partial dissipation records. If detailed soil properties are available, the in-situ pressure and diffusivity of the sediment can be inferred from modeling of soil behavior for different penetrometer geometries 10–14. However, in many cases soil properties are not available, or there are insufficient resources to pursue soil modeling. In these cases, in-situ pressure is inferred from a simple extrapolation approach.
Correction: Design and Validation of a Periodic Leg Movement Detector (2015)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114565.].
OCT4: biological functions and clinical applications as a marker of germ cell neoplasia (2006)

Germ cell tumours (GCTs) are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms, which develop in the gonads as well as in extragonadal sites, that share morphological patterns and an overall good prognosis, owing to their responsiveness to current surgical, chemotherapeutic, and radiotherapeutic measures. GCTs demonstrate extremely interesting biological features because of their close relationships with normal embryonal development as demonstrated by the pluripotentiality of some undifferentiated GCT variants. The similarities between GCTs and normal germ cell development have made it possible to identify possible pathogenetic pathways in neoplastic transformation and progression of GCTs. Genotypic and immunophenotypic profiles of these tumours are also useful in establishing and narrowing the differential diagnosis in cases of suspected GCTs. Recently, OCT4 (also known as OCT3 or POU5F1), a transcription factor that has been recognized as fundamental in the maintenance of pluripotency in embryonic stem cells and primordial germ cells, has been proposed as a useful marker for GCTs that exhibit features of pluripotentiality, specifically seminoma/dysgerminoma/germinoma and embryonal carcinoma. The development of commercially available OCT4-specific antibodies suitable for immunohistochemistry on paraffin-embedded specimens has generated increasing numbers of reports of OCT4 expression in a wide variety of gonadal and extragonadal GCTs. OCT4 immunostaining has been shown to be a sensitive and specific marker for seminomatous/(dys)germinomatous tumours and in embryonal carcinoma variants of non-seminomatous GCTs, whether in primary gonadal or extragonadal sites or in metastatic lesions. Therefore, OCT4 immunohistochemistry is an additional helpful marker both in the differential diagnosis of specific histological subtypes of GCTs and in establishing a germ cell origin for some metastatic tumours of uncertain primary. OCT4 expression has also been reported in pre-invasive conditions such as intratubular germ cell neoplasia, unclassified (IGCNU) and the germ cell component of gonadoblastoma. Additionally, OCT4 immunostaining shows promise as a useful tool in managing patients known to be at high risk for the development of invasive GCTs.
The Influence of Graphene Nano-Particles on the Biological Interest of Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanocomposites (2017)

Recently, the development of Nano-material has become the most interest issues for many researchers. For example, nanocarbons such as graphene (Gr) and graphene derivatives attracted more attention due to their better structural, high strength, low density, and good combability with polymer. Introduction these nanocarbon to the polymer matrix like polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) improved the properties of the polymer for instance: thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties. This led to its accessibility to many applications. This review, present recent studies of preparation PVA nanocomposites with Gr as filler and also illiterate the improvement of properties for further use.
Qualitative separation of copper and cadmium by sodium dithionite (Na2S2O4). (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTQualitative separation of copper and cadmium by sodium dithionite (Na2S2O4).P. C. Gaines and Ray. Woodriff Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1949, 26, 3, 166Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1949Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 March 1949Published inissue 1 March 1949https://doi.org/10.1021/ed026p166RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views142Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Low-temperature chemical vapor deposition and scaling limit of ultrathin Ru films (2004)

Thermal chemical vapor deposition at temperatures as low as 423 K, using Ru3(CO)12 with no accompanying reactive gas, forms pure, uniform, and smooth Ru films on Ta and low-resistivity films on SiO2. A 2.5-nm-thick Ru film fully covers the underlying Ta and the Ru film is thermally stable up to 573 K. Unlike Ta, Ru films exhibit excellent wetting by Cu even when the Ru surface is contaminated with small amounts of oxygen.
Adaptation of the growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I axis to chronic and severe calorie or protein malnutrition. (1995)

The hierarchy of diet components (e.g., protein, carbohydrate, vitamins, and minerals) influencing growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and their binding proteins (BP) is not well defined. Young adult rats were fed diets for 1 mo that included low protein or 60% and 40% of carbohydrate calories. We hypothesized that levels of both hormones, their dominant BPs and liver IGF-I mRNA would fall, and that part of the mechanism for decreasing serum IGF-I would be enhanced IGFBP-3 protease activity. By day 30, caloric deprivation to 40% lowered serum GH, GHBP, IGF-I and IGFBP-3, and liver IGF-I mRNA. This was the only condition resulting in body weight loss (-15%) vs 39% gain in controls. Restriction to 60% calories had no impact on BP levels, slightly lowered IGF-I (-12%) in the face of a 95% inhibition of GH levels, while allowing a modest 9% body weight gain. Protein deprivation lowered serum GH, IGF-I and IGFBP-3, and liver IGF-I mRNA, while GHBP levels were normal. The reduced total IGF-I under these dietary conditions could not be explained by an increase in IGFBP-3 protease activity, or a decrease in the association of IGF-I with IGFBP-3 and the acid labile subunit.
Improving API documentation usability with knowledge pushing (2009)

The documentation of API functions typically conveys detailed specifications for the benefit of interested readers. In some cases, however, it also contains usage directives, such as rules or caveats, of which authors of invoking code must be made aware to prevent errors and inefficiencies. There is a risk that these directives may be ldquolostrdquo within the verbose text, or that the text would not be read because there are so many invoked functions. To address these concerns for Java, an Eclipse plug-in named eMoose decorates method invocations whose targets have associated directives. Our goal is to lead readers to investigate further, which we aid by highlighting the tagged directives in the JavaDoc hover. We present a lab study that demonstrates the directive awareness problem in traditional documentation use and the potential benefits of our approach.
Coefficients de température de la conductivité des solutions concentrées de lithium et de césium dans l'ammoniac liquide (1971)

Des mesures de conductivité électrique par une méthode d'induction des solutions Li-NH3 et Cs-NH 3 montrent que le coefficient de temperature γ de la conductivité devient négatif aux concentrations et aux températures les plus élevées. Nous suggérons qu'une déformation de la bande de conduction peut être à l'origine du changement de signe de y.
Incremental Learning in SwiftFile (2000)

SwiftFile is an intelligent assistant that helps users organize their e-mail into folders. SwiftFile uses a text classifier to predict where each new message is likely to be filed by the user and provides shortcut buttons to quickly file messages into one of its predicted folders. One of the challenges faced by SwiftFile is that the user&apos;s mail-ling habits are constantly changing -- users are frequently creating, deleting and rearranging folders to meet their current ling needs. In this paper, we discuss the importance of incremental learning in SwiftFile. We present several criteria for judging how well incremental learning algorithms adapt to quickly changing data and evaluate SwiftFile&apos;s classifier using these criteria. We find that SwiftFile&apos;s classifier is surprisingly responsive and does not require the extensive training that is often assumed in most learning systems.
NITROUS ACID BEHAVIOR IN PUREX SYSTEMS (1959)

A semiquantitative discussion is given on the formation, behavior, and decomposition of small (10/sup -5/ M to 10/sup -2/ M) concentrations of nitrous acid in nitric acid--tributyl phosphate systems. It is shown that nitrous acid is more stable in TBP than in an acid-aqueous solution. However, a typical plant solvent may consume nitrous acid through the diluent reactions faster than the normal decomposition rate of HNO/sub 2/. Autocatalytic reactions involving nitric acid which would raise the concentration of nitrous acid are not observed with Purex solvent below 50 deg C and in contact with nitric acid less than 10 M. These temperature and concentration limits may vary greatly depending on the diluent used with the TBP. Radiolysis produces nitrous acid from both aqueous and organic solutions of nitrates. An equilibrium value is reached which varies with composition but for acid solutions is less than 0.01 M HNO/sub 2/. Equilibrium requires an energy absorption of from 50 to 200 watt hours per liter. Highly nitrated solvent may release nitrous acid on exposure to ultraviolet light. The extraction of nitrous acid by TBP is through hydrogen bonding to the phosphoryl oxygen. The 1: 1 complex formed is of lower stability than the corresponding nitric acid complex but is more soluble in the organic phase. Infrared absorption curves are obtained for several TBP complexes involving nitrogen compounds. Several variables involved in the colorimetric analysis of nitrous acid are examined. (N.W.R.)
En studie av småhusentreprenader : En redovisning av byggprocessen för småhus (2003)

Nar en privatperson vill bygga ett nytt hus till sin familj star han/hon infor sin formodligen livs storsta investering. Det ar en lang och komplicerad process dar mycket kan ga fel om man inte ser ...
Preparation of isotacticity‐rich poly(<i>tert</i>‐butyl vinyl ether) by the cationic polymerization of <i>tert</i>‐butyl vinyl ether with dimethyl[<i>rac</i>‐ethylenebis(indenyl)]zirconium and tri(pentafluorophenyl)borane (2007)

Abstract tert ‐Butyl vinyl ether (tBVE) was polymerized with the catalyst dimethyl[ rac ‐ethylenebis(indenyl)] zirconium (ansa‐zirconocene) with tri(pentafluorophenyl) borane [B(C 6 F 5 ) 3 ] as a cocatalyst. The effects of various polymerization conditions, such as the polymerization time, type of polymerization solvent, polymerization temperature, and catalyst concentration, on the conversion of tBVE into poly(tBVE), its molecular weight and molecular weight distribution, and its stereoregularity were investigated. The maximum conversion of tBVE into poly(tBVE) was over 90% at a polymerization temperature of −30°C with an ansa‐zirconocene and B(C 6 F 5 ) 3 concentration of 3.0 × 10 −7 mol/mol of tBVE, respectively. The number‐average molecular weights of poly(tBVE) ranged from approximately 14,000 to 20,000, with a lower polydispersity index (weight‐average molecular weight/number‐average molecular weight) ranging from 1.48 to 1.77, at all polymerization temperatures. The number‐average molecular weight of poly(tBVE) increased with decreases in the polymerization temperature and catalyst concentration. The mm triad sequence fraction of poly(tBVE) polymerized with ansa‐zirconocene/B(C 6 F 5 ) 3 at −30°C was much higher than that of poly(tBVE) polymerized with the B(C 6 F 5 ) 3 catalyst at −30°C, and this indicated that the ansa‐zirconocene/B(C 6 F 5 ) 3 catalyst system affected the isospecific polymerization of tBVE. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Measurement of temporal frequency characteristics of VEP using pseudorandom binary sequence and their correlation with cerebral blood flow in human visual cortex (1997)

Steady-state visual evoked potentials (S-VEP) have been used to derive temporal frequency characteristics, which are effective in detecting sensitivity loss for high-frequency stimuli in early glaucoma. However, this method requires independent measurements of VEPs for various frequencies. In this study, an improved technique using pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS) stimulation to elicit VEPs (PRBS-VEP) was proposed and compared with the S-VEP. Regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) was also measured with positron emission tomography (PET), and its response to stimulation was compared with the VEP. Results showed that PRBS-VEP yielded temporal frequency characteristics similar to those obtained by S-VEP, but in a much shorter time. Furthermore, CBF response in the primary visual cortex was well correlated with the VEP amplitude, suggesting that VEPs originate in the primary visual cortex.
ChemInform Abstract: INTRAMOLECULAR METALATION WITH METHYLMANGANESE AND METHYLRHENIUM CARBONYL COMPLEXES. 10. THE CRYSTAL AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURES OF THE SECONDARY METALATION PRODUCTS PH2P(C6H3(CO)MN(CO)4)MN‐(CO)3PPH3 AND A RHENIUM‐CONTAINING DERIVATIVE (1978)

Abstract Das bei der Thermolyse von cis‐CH3Mn(CO)4 ‐ PPh3 gebildete primäre Metallierungsprodukt liefert bei Weiterreaktion mit der Ausgangsverbindung das sekundäre Metallierungsprodukt (Ia).