gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antibodies against Four Proteins from a <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> Serotype M1 Strain and Levels of Circulating Mannan-Binding Lectin in Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis (2006)

Our results give evidence of exposure to SIC and protein H in conjunction with AGN. This implies that SIC and protein H and/or cross-reacting proteins may have a role in the pathogenesis of AGN or that streptococci expressing SIC or protein H are nephritogenic for other reasons. The finding of MBL-deficient individuals among the patients demonstrates that MBL is not necessary for the recruitment of complement in AGN.
Rektifikation von Dreistoffgemischen. Teil 2: Rektifikationslinien realer Gemische und Berechnung der Dreistoffrektifikation (1964)

Abstract Im ersten Teil dieser Arbeit waren die Aktivitätskoeffizienten von fünf realen Dreistoffgemischen aus Meßwerten errechnet und durch Reihenentwicklungen nach den Molanteilen der Flüssigkeit angenähert worden. Mit Hilfe dieser empirischen Gleichungen für das Dampf/Flüssigkeits‐Gleichgewicht werden dann die Rektifikations‐ und Rektifikationsscheidelinien der realen Gemische bestimmt. Schließlich wird eine Dreistoffrektifikation auch zahlenmäßig berechnet, und zwar die azeotrope Entwässerung von Äthylalkohol. Die Ergebnisse stimmen sehr gut mit denen von Norman überein, der den Rektifikationsverlauf bei der Entwässerung von Äthylalkohol mit Hilfe des Begriffes des theoretischen Bodens teils rechnerisch, teils graphisch bestimmt hat.
Role of electronic, geometric, and surface properties on the mechanism of the electrochemical hydriding/dehydriding reactions (2002)

Since 1990 there has been an ongoing collaboration among authors to investigate the role of individual elements on the thermodynamics and kinetics of hydriding/dehydriding reactions. This review article presents the electrochemical and physicochemical characteristics of hydriding/dehydriding reactions from the point of view of their dependence on electronic, geometric and surface properties of the hydride materials. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) and scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET) studies were carried on AB/sub 5/ type alloys, partially substituted by other elements. Expansion of the unit cell volume and a larger Ni d band vacancy are beneficial for increasing the amount of the hydrogen storage. XAS and SVET showed that the Ce substitution for La in an AB, alloy enhances the lifetime of hydride electrode.
Abstract 194: Neurological Prognosis Of Infliximab Therapy Against Immunoglobulin Refractory Kawasaki Disease (2015)

Background: Infliximab (IFX) which is an anti-TNFα monoclonal antibody is effective in the treatment of gamma globulin treatment (IVIG) resistance Kawasaki disease (KD) . It has been reported that TNFα adjusts the gene expression of myelin protein components and cause demyelination. Furthermore, at IFX treatment, the possibility of onset of the demyelinating disease in rheumatic diseases, and the exacerbation of the underlying disease in demyelinating disease have been suggested. Objective: To evaluate the neurological prognosis in pediatric cases who underwent treatment with IFX against IVIG resistant KD, were examined for the presence or absence of demyelination and delayed myelination. Methods: It is targeted for the 10 cases of IVIG refractory KD patients who received IFX 5mg/kg administration. Informed consent was obtained from the parents of all participants. We evaluated the candidate child’s mental development by the intelligence test (WISC-IV) and investigated the presence of demyelination and delayed myelination by brain MRI. Results: All cases were above 6 years old, and more than a year had passed since they received medication of IFX. In all cases, abnormalities of neurological findings and psychomotor developmental delay after treatment were not observed. There was no obvious abnormality in eight cases (boys of 5 cases, girls of 3 cases, 6-11 years of age at the investigation) who underwent the WISC- IV; Full Scale IQ 97.4 ± 12.5, Verbal Comprehension Index 92.8 ± 11.9, Perceptual Reasoning Index 103.9 ± 17.9, Working Memory Index 97.1 ± 15.5, Processing Speed Index 100.9 ± 9.7. In addition, in nine cases (boys of 4 cases, girls of 5 cases, 6-16 years of age at the investigation) who underwent brain MRI, there was no evidence of demyelination and delayed myelination. Conclusion: In this study, there were not existed the findings of demyelination, delayed myelination, and mental retardation in IFX administration cases. However, it is necessary to repeat examination how the IFX medication to children make adverse effects on central nervous system.
Concepts for Developing Interoperable Software Frameworks Implementing the New IEEE 11073 SDC Standard Family (2018)

The long overdue IEEE 11073 Service-oriented Device Connectivity (SDC) standard proposals for networked and surgical devices provide vendor-independent interoperability and therefore room for improved workflow and new functionality in the operating room. Research and development in this domain remain also highly topical in orthopaedic surgery. Due to the novelty and complexity of the SDC standard family, there is currently a lack of open source public implementations. Such implementations have to overcome several non-trivial challenges, mainly because the complexity of the standards has to be reflected in the software design and implementation. The SDC standard family comes in three different parts and all three standard proposals must be considered when designing and implementing standard conform device communication. In this work, we address these challenges and discuss and compare two design approaches for different programming languages (C++ and Java). Suitable software engineering principles are used to ensure a clean design approach. Practical guidelines are given on how to integrate existing third party components and tools in the framework and the development process, respectively. General feasibility is demonstrated by outlining interoperability between two software frameworks developed using different design concepts.
Effect of Two Antibacterial Mouth Sprays and Dentifrices on Dental Plaque and Gingivitis in Beagle Dogs (1979)

Plaque inhibition by dilute mouth sprays and dentrifrices containing benzethonium chloride and chlorhexidine gluconate was compared in beagle dogs. Agents with chlorhexidine gluconate produced less plaque than their benzethonium chloride or placebo counterparts, but the differences were not significant when compared to mean control scores registered during interexperimental recovery periods.
Synthesis and Electronic Structure Diversity of Pyridine(diimine)iron Tetrazene Complexes (2018)

A series of pyridine(diimine)iron tetrazene compounds, (<sup><sup>i</sup>Pr</sup>PDI)Fe[(NR)NN(NR)] [<sup><sup>i</sup>Pr</sup>PDI = 2,6-(ArN = CMe)<sub>2</sub>C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>3</sub>N; Ar = 2,6-<sup>i</sup>Pr<sub>2</sub>C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>3</sub>] has been prepared either by the addition of 2 equiv of an organic azide, RN<sub>3</sub>, to the corresponding iron bis(dinitrogen) compound, (<sup><sup>i</sup>Pr</sup>PDI)Fe(N<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub> or by the addition of azide to the iron imide derivatives, (<sup><sup>i</sup>Pr</sup>PDI)FeNR. The electronic structures of these compounds were determined using a combination of metrical parameters from X-ray diffraction, solution and solid-state magnetic measurements, zero-field <sup>57</sup>Fe Mössbauer and <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectroscopies, and density functional theory calculations. The overall electronic structure of the iron tetrazene compounds is sensitive to the nature of the tetrazene nitrogen substituent with three distinct classes of compounds identified: (i) overall diamagnetic ( S = 0) compounds arising from intermediate-spin iron(II) centers ( S<sub>Fe</sub> = 1) engaged in antiferromagnetic coupling with both pyridine(diimine) and tetrazene radical anions ( S<sub>PDI</sub> = -<sup>1</sup>/<sub>2</sub> and S<sub>tetrazene</sub> = -<sup>1</sup>/<sub>2</sub>; R = 2-adamantyl, cyclooctyl, benzyl); (ii) overall S = 1 compounds best described as intermediate-spin iron(III) ( S<sub>Fe</sub> = <sup>3</sup>/<sub>2</sub>) derivatives engaged in antiferromagnetic coupling with a pyridine(diimine) radical anion ( S<sub>PDI</sub> = -<sup>1</sup>/<sub>2</sub>; R = 3,5-Me<sub>2</sub>C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>3</sub>, 4-MeC<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>); (iii) overall S = 2 compounds best described as high-spin iron(III) centers ( S<sub>Fe</sub> = <sup>5</sup>/<sub>2</sub>) engaged in antiferromagnetic coupling to a pyridine(diimine) radical anion ( S<sub>PDI</sub> = -<sup>1</sup>/<sub>2</sub>; R = 1-adamantyl). For both the intermediate- and high-spin ferric cases, the tetrazene ligand adopts the closed-shell, dianionic form, [N<sub>4</sub>R<sub>2</sub>]<sup>2-</sup>. For the case where R = SiMe<sub>3</sub>, spin-crossover behavior is observed, arising from a spin-state change from intermediate- to high-spin iron(III).
BLUESOUND: A New Resident Identification Sensor—Using Ultrasound Array and BLE Technology for Smart Home Platform (2017)

Activity recognition through ambient sensors in a smart home can efficiently monitor residents' abnormal behaviors in daily life, while not adding extra burdens caused by wearable sensors. Monitoring and separating the activities of a specific individual in a multi-residential home is still, however, a significant challenge for these smart home applications. This paper proposes a new human identification sensor, which can efficiently differentiate multiple residents in a home environment to detect their height as a unique bio-feature. This sensor includes three sensing/communication modules: pyroelectric infrared (PIR) occupancy, ultrasound array, and bluetooth low energy (BLE) communication modules. The PIR occupancy module is used to detect the moving direction, while the ultrasound array module detects the moving residents' height. The combination of these two sensing technologies can be used to then detect the moving velocity. The BLE advertising mode is then used to communicate these data to the data server. A new embedded algorithm increased the energy efficiency of this identification technology. A comprehensive modeling and experiments are done to assess the performance of this sensor and the results are provided.
A Study of Surface Chromium on Tinplate (1973)

The reactions occurring during the anodic polarization of tinplate passivated cathodically in a dichromate solution (CDC tinplate) were ascertained by applying Faraday's law to analyses of the oxidation products generated. It was found that a large portion of the CDC passivation film consists of chromium in the metallic state.
Sampling methods for a matrix ionization chamber system (1992)

To achieve increased image acquisition speed or better image quality, several read-out methods for a matrix ionization chamber system have been investigated. In this device, which is applied for portal imaging in radiation therapy, 256 x 256 small liquid-filled ionization chambers are scanned by switching the polarizing voltage applied to rows of chambers. The ionization current of each column is measured by a separate amplifier. In this approach, instead of measuring row by row, more complex switching schemes can be applied for the polarizing voltage. These schemes are useful either for varying speed and spatial resolution of the imaging device or for coded sampling of the ionization signal. The former option allows for doubling or quadrupling the acquisition speed with a small loss in image quality, or for obtaining a large improvement in signal-to-noise ratio at the cost of image resolution. In the latter option, coded sampling, the image is reconstructed mathematically from the measured signals. It is shown that in this case the application of Hadamard or derived matrices for sampling leads, under certain circumstances, to a noise reduction in the reconstructed image.
Monitoring Endoscopic Treatment of Superficial Bladder Carcinoma by Postoperative Urinary Cytology (1987)

Transurethral resection was the only modality of treatment in 39 patients with long-standing, recurrent, superficial bladder carcinoma. Postoperative urinary cytology was performed within 3 days of each endoscopy. Tumor recurrence was defined by the presence of a positive biopsy or visible papillary tumors on followup cystoscopic examination. Tumor recurred in 38 patients (97.4 per cent) and 1 patient (2.6 per cent) has remained free of disease 74 months following transient positive postoperative cytology. Among the 38 recurrences 15 (39.5 per cent) were positive, 3 (7.9 per cent) suspicious and 20 (52.6 per cent) negative at the postoperative cytological examination. The interval to recurrence did not differ significantly among the 3 groups. The failure of a negative postoperative cytology study to predict a durable response to treatment by transurethral resection reflects the polychronotopic nature of superficial bladder tumors in this select patient population and suggests the need for adjuvant therapy.
Lensless Holographic Line Scanner (1986)

A new lensless holographic line scanner has been developed. The scanner consists of two holographic elements, a holographic disk with a flat-field focusing function and a newly devised holographic lens. The holographic lens was designed to circularize the laser diode beam, correct scanning beam aberrations, and reduce positioning error caused by mode hopping of a laser diode. In fabricating the holographic lens, chromatic aberration caused by the difference between the wavelength used for fabrication and that used for operation was successfully corrected by the use of plano-convex and plano-concave lenses. The lensless holographic scanner was found to have a scanning beam diameter of 170 um for a scanning width of 220 mm.
Peripheral K Lymphocytes in Patients with Subacute Thyroiditis (1984)

In a previous study, we showed that immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP) was markedly increased in the acute phase in patients with subacute thyroiditis (SAT). In order to investigate the immunological abnormalities in SAT, peripheral K lymphocytes in SAT and hyperthyroidism were measured by the plaque-forming technique using sheep-red-blood cells as a target. The effect of the patients' serum on K-cells in normal lymphocytes was also investigated. The percentages of K-cells in 5 patients with SAT in the acute and recovery phases were 2.3 +/- 1.9 (mean +/- S.D.) and 5.3 +/- 2.2%, respectively. The former was significantly lower than the latter (p less than 0.05). Furthermore, the value in the acute phase showed a significant decrease against that of the normal controls (7.3 +/- 3.4, n = 14, p less than 0.01). The percentage of K-cells in 16 patients with hyperthyroidism was 2.8 +/- 2.2%, which was also significantly lower than that of the normal controls (p less than 0.05). The degree of inhibition of K-cells in normal lymphocytes by sera from 12 SAT in the acute and recovery phases was 69 +/- 21% and 35 +/- 22%, respectively, which was significantly higher (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.05, respectively) than that in 12 normal sera (15 +/- 20%). Furthermore, the inhibition was markedly higher in the acute phase than in the recovery (p less than 0.01). The sera from 10 patients with hyperthyroidism also inhibited K-cells of normal lymphocytes (p less than 0.01). It was suggested that in the sera of SAT and hyperthyroidism there is some factor which inhibits K-cells.
The effect of cross-linking on the molecular dynamics of the segmental and β Johari–Goldstein processes in polyvinylpyrrolidone-based copolymers (2015)

The effect of the cross-link density on the molecular dynamics of copolymers composed of vinylpyrrolidone (VP) and butyl acrylate (BA) was studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS). A single glass transition was detected by DSC measurements. The dielectric spectra exhibit conductive processes and three dipolar relaxations labeled as α, β and γ in the decreasing order of temperatures. The cross-linker content affects both α and β processes, but the fastest γ process is relatively unaffected. An increase of cross-linking produces a typical effect on the α process dynamics: (i) the glass transition temperature is increased, (ii) the dispersion is broadened, (iii) its strength is decreased and (iv) the relaxation times are increased. However, the β process, which possesses typical features of a pure Johari-Goldstein relaxation, unexpectedly loses the intermolecular character for the highest cross-linker content.
The antidepressant sertraline downregulates Akt and has activity against melanoma cells (2008)

Melanoma is a common malignancy which is poorly responsive to chemotherapy and radiation. One of the major reasons melanoma responds poorly to these modalities is constitutive expression of Akt, which protects against apoptosis. The antidepressant sertraline was found to be a potent cytotoxic agent against A375 human melanoma. To determine the mechanism by which sertraline kills melanoma cells, Western blot analysis of signaling molecules, including phosphorylated Akt, caspase 9 and phospho-p70 S6 kinase was performed. Finally, the effects of sertraline on A375 xenografts in mice were assessed. Sertaline potently inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt, and caused cell death through induction of endoplasmic reticulum in vitro. Sertraline monotherapy demonstrated activity against A375 xenografts in vivo. Akt is a major cause of resistance of melanoma to current therapy. Antidepressants are commonly used to prevent interferon-induced depression. Use of antidepressants that decrease Akt may improve the efficacy of interferon and other therapies against melanoma. Further studies are needed to elucidate whether sertraline acts as an Akt inhibitor in melanoma.
Nitrocellulose-stabilized silver nanoparticles as low conversion temperature precursors useful for inkjet printed electronics (2007)

Silver nanoparticles were synthesized from silver nitrate and methanol and stabilized by the use of nitrocellulose and 3-aminopropyl alcohol. These colloidal solutions were found to be very stable, with no evidence of silver aggregation over a period of 9 months, and displayed properties (viscosity, surface tension and size of the nanoparticles) compatible with inkjet printing technologies. The two main advantages of using nitrocellulose are its ability to stabilize silver nanoparticles and its low converison temperature (degradation starts at 135 °C, and the typical annealing temperature was 190 °C). For the annealing of the precursor films, two different heating methods and their effect on the kinetics of degradation and morphology of the final cured films have been investigated.
Brain-spinal cord interactions stabilize the locomotor rhythm to an external perturbation. (1999)

Motor networks within the spinal cord of vertebrates are capable of generating rhythmic locomotor output even in the absence of phasic sensory input. In an intact animal these spinal pattern generators are affected by descending inputs from the brain and by sensory inputs. The role of the feedforward-feedback (FF-FB) loops between the brain and the spinal cord in the control of locomotion are not well understood. We hypothesized that the dynamic interaction between the brain and the spinal cord would affect the response of the neural system to external perturbation. We investigated this hypothesis in an in-vitro brain-spinal cord fictive locomotion preparation of a primitive vertebrate, lamprey. In tandem, we analyzed the behavior of a neural network model representing the brain and multiple segments of the spinal cord. Our experimental results indicate that with intact FF-FB loops, phase locked entrainment of the spinal motor activity can be obtained on direct stimulation of the spinal cord. However, the effect is localized with minimal influence on distal spinal segments. The intersegmental coupling strength is strong as indicated by a fast recovery of the perturbed rhythm to the natural frequency on termination of the perturbation. With the FF-FB loop interrupted, the perturbation was capable of altering the motor activity from multiple sites in the spinal cord. Also, upon termination of the perturbation there was a prolonged period before recovery of the original natural frequency. Model analyses support our interpretation of the experimental results. In the neural network model with the brain-spinal cord loops closed there was a localized effect on the oscillatory rhythm and strong intersegmental coupling. Also, the analysis indicated the presence of a smaller entrainment range and many more periodic orbits than with the loops open. The results suggest that the increased variability in the locomotor rhythm and decreased sensitivity to perturbation observed in the presence of intact brain spinal cord connections may be a reflection of a higher dimensional system with many periodic orbits. The higher dimension could allow the system to collectively remain within the attractor space of one of these periodic orbits and thus remain resilient to perturbation.
The role of RNase Y in rpoS transcript processing in B. burgdorferi (2013)

Lyme disease affects an estimated 300,000 Americans yearly, and, if untreated, can be deadly. Borrelia burgdorferi, the bacterium that causes Lyme disease, is likely transmitted to hosts in a process involving rpoS messenger RNA (mRNA) processing via ribonucleases (RNases). RNases are enzymes that degrade the nucleic acid RNA and are involved in many molecular processes in cells. B. burgdorferi requires a change in gene expression to transmit from its tick vector to a mammalian host. Transmission depends on a complicated cascade of regulatory factors, including the alternative sigma factor, RpoS. Sigma factors are a component of RNA polymerase, the enzyme that transcribes genes. RpoS production requires the translation of a processed rpoS mRNA; however, the mechanism by which this rpoS mRNA is processed is unknown. I am investigating whether the rpoS mRNA is cleaved by RNase Y in B. burgdorferi. Previous research in Bacillus subtilis shows that this enzyme appears to be responsible for both global mRNA stability and degradation. To this end, I am attempting to obtain RNase Y by overexpression of recombinant RNase Y with a truncated transmembrane domain and subsequent purification using the IMPACT system. I am using this purified protein to characterize the potential processing site of the rpoS mRNA by using various artificial rpoS mRNA substrates through an in vitro cleavage assay. This research will contribute to a better understanding of the transmission mechanism of B. burgdorferi and of the function of RNase Y. Additionally, this project has the potential to provide the basis for developing new antimicrobial therapies against Lyme disease. If identified as crucial to transmission of Lyme disease to hosts, the thorough characterization of RNase Y activity in processing mRNA will reveal specific targets for drug and therapy development.
Response to Comment on: Lipsky et al. Developing and Validating a Risk Score for Lower-Extremity Amputation in Patients Hospitalized for a Diabetic Foot Infection. Diabetes Care 2011;34:1695–1700 (2011)

We thank Drs. Aragon-Sanchez and Lazaro-Martinez (1) for their insightful comments and questions about our article (2). As we noted, we used virtually the same database of patients as we did for a previously published article (3) in which we investigated mortality, length of stay, and cost associated with skin and soft tissue infections (of both the foot and other anatomic sites) in persons with diabetes. Because some patients had multiple codes for infections, we devised a hierarchy based on associated mortality risk to ensure that patients were counted only once and were classified into the highest mortality risk group.

In our current article concerning a lower-extremity amputation (LEA) risk score (2 …