gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Tyrosine Hydroxylation in Hippocampus of Chronically Stressed Rats upon Exposure to a Novel Stressor (1992)

We have used microdialysis to measure the in vivo level of tyrosine hydroxylation in hippocampus of the freely moving rat. An inhibitor of aromatic amino acid decarboxylase, NSD-1015, was administered through the dialysis probe and the resulting accumulation of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) in extracellular fluid of hippocampus was quantified. Administration of the tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor, alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine, decreased extracellular DOPA to undetectable level. In addition, both systemic and local application of clonidine, an alpha 2-adrenergic agonist, produced a decrease in extracellular DOPA. In response to acute tail shock, a significant increase in extracellular DOPA was observed. Thus, it appears that in vivo accumulation of DOPA after local administration of NSD-1015 provides a reliable index of hippocampal tyrosine hydroxylation. We have used this technique to investigate whether prior exposure to chronic stress alters the in vivo level of tyrosine hydroxylation in hippocampus under basal conditions as well as in response to a novel stressor. In rats previously exposed to chronic cold stress, the basal accumulation of extracellular DOPA did not differ from naive controls. Acute tail shock, however, produced a significantly greater and more prolonged elevation in extracellular DOPA of chronically stressed rats. These data suggest that enhanced biosynthetic capacity of noradrenergic terminals may be one mechanism underlying adaptation to chronic stress.
A Wideband Inductorless LNA With Local Feedback and Noise Cancelling for Low-Power Low-Voltage Applications (2010)

A wideband noise-cancelling low-noise amplifier (LNA) without the use of inductors is designed for low-voltage and low-power applications. Based on the common-gate-common-source (CG-CS) topology, a new approach employing local negative feedback is introduced between the parallel CG and CS stages. The moderate gain at the source of the cascode transistor in the CS stage is utilized to boost the transconductance of the CG transistor. This leads to an LNA with higher gain and lower noise figure (NF) compared with the conventional CG-CS LNA, particularly under low power and voltage constraints. By adjusting the local open-loop gain, the NF can be optimized by distributing the power consumption among transistors and resistors based on their contribution to the NF. The optimal value of the local open-loop gain can be obtained by taking into account the effect of phase shift at high frequency. The linearity is improved by employing two types of distortion-cancelling techniques. Fabricated in a 0.13-μm RF CMOS process, the LNA achieves a voltage gain of 19 dB and an NF of 2.8-3.4 dB over a 3-dB bandwidth of 0.2-3.8 GHz. It consumes 5.7 mA from a 1-V supply and occupies an active area of only 0.025 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
A power-efficient on-chip linear regulator assisted by switched capacitors for fast transient regulation (2013)

This paper presents an output-capacitorless low-dropout voltage regulator designed in a commercial 90nm CMOS technology for low-voltage applications. The power efficiency of the regulator is enhanced by significantly reducing its dropout voltage and quiescent current consumption. The resultant degradation of its transient regulation performance is compensated by a novel auxiliary circuit using switched-capacitor technique. The regulator operates under 1V supply voltage with a 0.9V output and delivers a maximum DC current of 100mA. The power efficiency under the full-load condition is about 90% and under the light-load condition (1mA load current) it maintains above 86%. For transient performance, when a 100mA load current step with 5ns rise/fall time is applied, the output voltage droop and overshoot are both within 10% of the steady-state value, while it would exceed 40% without the auxiliary circuit. Monte Carlo and temperature-sweep simulation results show that the LDO is robust to process and temperature variations and device mismatches.
Fast and high-precision 3D tracking and position measurement with MEMS micromirrors (2008)

We demonstrate real-time fast-motion tracking of an object in a 3D volume, while obtaining its precise XYZ co-ordinates. Two separate scanning MEMS micromirror sub-systems track the object in a 20 kHz closed-loop. A demonstration system capable of tracking full-speed human hand motion provides position information at up to 5m distance with 16-bit precision, or ≦20μm precision on the X and Y axes (up/down, left/right,) and precision on the depth (Z-axis) from 10μm to 1.5mm, depending on distance.
Dynamic segment size adjustment for TCP performance in cellular networks (2005)

We analyze the impact of the maximum segment size (MSS) on TCP performance in cellular networks and propose a scheme alleviating the performance drop of TCP, which adjusts the segment size dynamically.
THE POLITICAL FUNCTIONS OF THE SOUTHERN CAPITAL IN THE MING DYNASTY (2006)

INTRODUCTION During the long period from the eleventh century BCE to the fall of the Qing dynasty (1644–1911) in the early twentieth century, most of the major Chinese dynasties maintained more than one national capital. Among the various dual- or multi-capital systems practiced in classical and imperial China, the two-capital system of the Ming dynasty was the most elaborate. Unlike the auxiliary capitals of the other dynasties, whose bureaucratic apparatuses were incomparable with those of the primary capitals, the auxiliary Southern Capital (Nanjing <inline-graphic href="splitsection5_in1.tif"/>) of the Ming had an identical administration with the same structure of power and bureaucratic agencies, as that possessed by the primary Northern Capital (Beijing <inline-graphic href="splitsection5_in2.tif"/>). The similarities in the governmental apparatuses between Beijing and Nanjing were displayed not only in the civil and military agencies, but also in the eunuch household departments. Almost all the government departments in Beijing—civil, military, and eunuch—had their counterparts in Nanjing. Furthermore, the ranks and emoluments of the Nanjing officials were identical to those of Beijing bureaucrats.
BNA<sup>NC</sup> Gapmers Revert Splicing and Reduce RNA Foci with Low Toxicity in Myotonic Dystrophy Cells (2017)

Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a multisystemic disease caused by an expanded CTG repeat in the 3' UTR of the dystrophia myotonica protein kinase (DMPK) gene. Short, DNA-based antisense oligonucleotides termed gapmers are a promising strategy to degrade toxic CUG expanded repeat (CUG<sub>exp</sub>) RNA. Nucleoside analogs are incorporated to increase gapmer affinity and stability; however, some analogs also exhibit toxicity. In this study, we demonstrate that the 2',4'-BNA<sup>NC</sup>[NMe] (BNA<sup>NC</sup>) modification is a promising nucleoside analog with high potency similar to 2',4'-LNA (LNA). BNA<sup>NC</sup> gapmers targeting a nonrepetitive region of the DMPK 3' UTR show allele-specific knockdown of CUG<sub>exp</sub> RNA and revert characteristic DM1 molecular defects including mis-splicing and accumulation of RNA foci. Notably, the BNA<sup>NC</sup> gapmers tested in this study did not induce caspase activation, in contrast to a sequence matched LNA gapmer. This study indicates that BNA<sup>NC</sup> gapmers warrant further study as a promising RNA targeting therapeutic.
Can the TAG derivation tree represent a semantic graph? An answer in the light of Meaning-Text Theory (1998)

Introduction From the parsing point of view, the derivation tree in TAG [hereafter DT] is seen as the &quot;history&quot; of the derivation but also as a linguistic representation, closer to semantics, that can be the basis of a further analysis. Because in TAG the elementary trees are lexicalized and localize the predicate-arguments relations, several works have compared the DT to a structure involving dependencies between lexical items (RJ92; RVW95). 1 We agree with these authors that there are divergences between the DT and syntactic dependencies, but we show here that the DT --- in the sense of (SS94) --- can be viewed as a semantic dependency graph, namely a SemS for Meaning-Text Theory [MTT] (ZM67; M88). This requires the predicate-argument cooccurrence principle and also constraints on the adjunction of predicative auxiliary trees. We briefly introduce the representation levels in MTT before studying the dependencies shown by the DT. 2 1. Repre
Warpage improvement for large die flip chip package (2009)

In the case of field programmable gate array (FPGA) chips, as the demand for higher speeds and enhanced functionality increases, the size of the flip chip die grows accordingly to offer higher number of logic cells. Large flip chip die also requires a large package for efficient signal routing. This paper shows a warpage improvement study including lid design and process optimization to solve warpage issue of large die FPGA flip chip packages with more fragile bump (23 * 23 mm die and 42.5 * 42.5 mm package). Though package warpage is well controlled for standard eutectic bump BOM (bill of materials) and process, it encountered problem when using higher Tg underfill, which is for better bump protection and reliability. A detailed finite element analysis was performed to simulate the effect of different lid structures (foot width, thickness etc) and lid materials (Cu, Al etc) on warpage. Actual units were built using improved lid structures and process. It was found that thicker Cu lid and lower underfill cure temperature are effective ways for warpage control, less than 8 mils warpage was achieved by lid design and process optimization for this 42.5 mm package with 23 mm die with more fragile bump.
Transcription factors: structure, function, and implication in malignant growth. (1995)

Transcription factors are the principal modulators of gene expression patterns in the organism and are thus involved in processes leading to changes in developmental programmes, responses to growth and differentiation signals, and some of the alterations causing neoplastic transformation. The present overview deals with general aspects of the structure, function, and regulation of transcription factors, in relation to their physiological role and oncogenic potential.
Distorted support (1989)

I am writing to say how sad I was to read the article I ‘Keeping the high-flyers’ by I anonymous (Nursing Standard November 15-21), I not because of the repetition of the solutions to the nursing manpower and leadership problem, but the sinister approach to the cause.
Craniofacial Phenotyping in Obstructive Sleep Apnea — A Novel Quantitative Photographic Approach (2009)

Craniofacial phenotypic differences in OSA in Caucasian subjects can be demonstrated using a photographic analysis technique.
On distributed antenna systems with limited feedback precoding: Opportunities and challenges (2010)

The distributed antenna system is a promising technique to enhance system performance in next-generation broadband wireless mobile communications. The application of linear precoding with space time codeword based on channel state information can further enhance the link quality and reduce the receiver complexity in DASs. However, designing the optimal codebook for DAS to convey the precoding information remains an open issue. This article provides a tutorial addressing various issues of DASs with limited feedback, focusing on the challenges in its codebook design. A suboptimal codebook design is then proposed, suitable for DAS. Furthermore, an effective feedback reduction strategy without performance loss is presented by exploiting the channel correlation property. Numerical results are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Controllable terahertz conductivity in single walled carbon nanotube/polymer composites (2015)

Terahertz (THz) conductivity of single walled carbon nanotube (SWNT)/poly-vinyl alcohol (PVA) composites has been studied in the frequency window of 0.3–2.0 THz. SWNT/PVA composite films with a constant thickness of 300 ± 20 μm are grown by dispersing required amount of SWNT in PVA solution via a slow drying process at room temperature under ambient condition. THz time domain spectroscopic measurements have been performed in transmission geometry at room temperature under N2 atmosphere and THz conductivity spectra have been extracted from the time domain data. It is found that conductivity of these samples can be efficiently tuned by changing the length of the SWNTs and also the SWNT weight fraction. For the highest weight fraction at a frequency of 1.5 THz, longer SWNT sample (average length ∼ 15 μm) showed 80% increased conductivity than its shorter counterpart (average length ∼ 2 μm) of the same diameter (1–2 nm). Shielding effectiveness of the samples has also been engineered by simply changing the effective length of SWNT inclusion in the polymer matrix. A modified Universal Dynamic Response model is applied to analyze the conductivity spectra of the samples.
UroVysion™ Multiprobe FISH in Urinary Cytology (2004)

Urinary cytology is used in combination with cystoscopy for the diagnosis of primary bladder cancer and to monitor the patients for early detection of recurrence after initial transurethral resection. Urinary cytology is highly specific for the detection of poorly differentiated urothelial carcinoma (G3), but notoriously unreliable in case of low-grade urothelial tumors (1–3). The sensitivity of urinary cytology for the detection of low-grade urothelial tumors is as low as 15–25% (1,4). Because of a broad cytological overlap between reactive urothelial changes and low-grade urothelial neoplasia, cytologists often have to capitulate by assigning samples to the uncertain and unrewarding category of cellular atypia. Several attempts have been made to improve the detection of neoplastic cells in urinary specimens (5–8). Common drawbacks of these tests include high false-positive rates resulting from benign conditions and lack of reproducibility if applied in different laboratories. Chromosomal alterations are likely to be more tumor-specific than alterations of protein expression, as they occur frequently in bladder cancer but have only exceptionally been described in non-neoplastic conditions (9–11). Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) allows for visualization of specific DNA sequences and can, therefore, be used for quantitation of chromosomes and genes, including aneusomies, chromosomal deletions, or amplifications (12,13). Applicability to interphase nuclei makes FISH an ideal tool for chromosomal analyses in cytopathology (14).
Conformations of saturated cyclic phosphorus heterocycles. II. 5-tert-Butyl-2-amino-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinanes. Apparent effects of phosphorus-nitrogen vicinal interactions on the conformational energy of amino groups on trivalent phosphorus and the influence of lone pair orientation on 3FHeqP (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConformations of saturated cyclic phosphorus heterocycles. II. 5-tert-Butyl-2-amino-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinanes. Apparent effects of phosphorus-nitrogen vicinal interactions on the conformational energy of amino groups on trivalent phosphorus and the influence of lone pair orientation on 3FHeqPWesley G. Bentrude and Han-Wan. TanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95, 14, 4666–4675Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00795a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00795a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views69Altmetric-Citations51LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fetal origins of cardiovascular disease (1999)

Low birthweight, thinness and short body length at birth are now known to be associated with increased rates of cardiovascular disease and non-insulin dependent diabetes in adult life. The fetal origins hypothesis proposes that these diseases originate through adaptations which the fetus makes when it is undernourished. These adaptations may be cardiovascular, metabolic or endocrine. They permanently change the structure and function of the body. Prevention of the diseases may depend on prevention of imbalances in fetal growth or imbalances between prenatal and postnatal growth, or imbalances in nutrient supply to the fetus.
Electronic Digital Computer Control of Ventilation and Anaesthesia (1973)

The use of a small digital computer to control a number of interactive physiological variables is demonstrated. It is shown that by monitoring the values of end tidal per cent CO 2 , inspired O 2 percentage and mean arterial blood pressure, a computer-controlled system can regulate the ventilation and anaesthesia of an animal within fine tolerances. Similarly it is shown that by controlling the infusion of muscle relaxant, the integrated electromyogram of a muscle can be maintained at any desired level. The computer control system automatically allows for random disturbances in system parameters in maintaining set levels of the controlled variables. The system responds rapidly to changes in the desired level of variables, and prescribed time courses of variables can be followed.
The Nutritional Characteristics of a Contemporary Diet Based Upon Paleolithic Food Groups (2002)

Purpose: The intent of the present study was to examine the nutritional characteristics of a contemporary diet based upon Paleolithic food groups and to determine how these characteristics may impact the risk of chronic disease. Methods: Nutritional software was employed to ascertain the macro and trace nutrient characteristics of a diet composed of commonly available modern foods, but devoid of processed foods, dairy products and cereal grains. The rel-ative contribution of plant and animal foods to the experi-mental diet was based upon average values previously determined in 229 hunter gatherer societies. Results: The analysis revealed that except for vitamin D, which would have been supplied by endogenous synthesis in hunter gatherers, it is entirely possible to consume a nutri-tionally balanced diet from contemporary foods that mimic the food groups and types available during the Paleolithic. Despite the elimination of two major food groups, the trace nutrient density of the experimental diet remained excep-tionally high. The macronutrient content of the experimen-tal diet (38 % protein, 39 % fat, 23 % carbohydrate by ener-gy) varied considerably from current western values.
Probiotics, prebiotics and antioxidants as functional foods. (2005)

The term "functional foods" comprises some bacterial strains and products of plant and animal origin containing physiologically active compounds beneficial for human health and reducing the risk of chronic diseases. Among the best known functional compounds probiotics, prebiotics and natural antioxidants should be given as examples. These substances can be obtained by biotechnological methods and by extraction from plant or animal tissues.
<i>Automated Repair Service Bureau</i>: Evolution (1982)

This paper describes the evolution of a family of integrated computer-based operations support systems, the Automated Repair Service Bureau (ARSB). The ARSB supports the maintenance of a telephone customer's service from the local switch to the subscriber's premises (i.e., the loop portion of the service). The automation of labor-intensive manual tasks has made it possible to provide better service at lower cost.
Trust and Social Collateral<sup>*</sup> (2009)

This paper builds a theory of trust based on informal contract enforcement in social networks. In our model, network connections between individuals can be used as social collateral to secure informal borrowing. We define network-based trust as the largest amount one agent can borrow from another agent and derive a reduced-form expression for this quantity, which we then use in three applications. (1) We predict that dense networks generate bonding social capital that allows transacting valuable assets, whereas loose networks create bridging social capital that improves access to cheap favors such as information. (2) For job recommendation networks, we show that strong ties between employers and trusted recommenders reduce asymmetric information about the quality of job candidates. (3) Using data from Peru, we show empirically that network-based trust predicts informal borrowing, and we structurally estimate and test our model.
Platform Development for Run-Time Reconfigurable Co-Emulation (2006)

Over the past few years, there has been an increasing interest in using partial and run-time reconfigurable (RTR) FPGAs to develop reconfigurable systems for various applications. To support this new type of hardware, new or improved design methodologies and tools are needed that can provide sufficient support for RTR-related design and verification tasks. This paper first introduces a novel concept called run-time reconfigurable co-emulation, which extends traditional co-emulation with the RTR capability of FPGAs. It then describes and discusses how to develop hardware platforms that use the RTR co-emulation concept for transaction-level functional verification and in-circuit debugging of RTR-based FPGA designs
Multiple-window spectrum estimates for non-stationary data (2002)

Several methods for estimating time-frequency distributions using multiple-window methods are described. These include estimates of the generalized dual frequency spectrum, spectrograms, and Wigner-Ville-like functions. The spectrograms have much higher time resolution than standard, and the corresponding time-frequency distributions have much lower bias than conventional time-frequency distributions.
Synthesis of Highly Basic Hexasubstituted Biguanides by Environmentally Friendly Methods (2013)

A series of hexasubstituted biguanides was synthetized employing nonconventional and environmentally friendly methods. Their properties were studied computationally (basicity) and experimentally (basicity and catalytic properties in transesterification reaction).