gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Studies on the syntheses of tetracycline derivatives. III. Synthetic approach to adriamycin-synthesis of the linear tetracyclic skeleton having the same BC ring system with adriamycin. (1978)

Cycloaddition of 1-acetoxybenzocyclobutene (21) with naphthoquinone (8) gave naphthacene-5, 12-quinone (22) which was converted into 6, 11-dihydroxynaphthacene-5, 12-quinone (25) by three steps. Synthetic trial of 6-oxygenated naphthacene-5, 12-quinones from naphthacene-5, 12-quinones are also described.
The Use of Comb-Branched Copolymers as Pigment Dispersants (2003)

Pigmented coating compositions are used in a wide variety of applications including paints, inks, and inkjet inks. For inkjet inks in particular, the trend towards both inorganic and organic pigments has been driven by the need to produce more lightfast images with improved durability and water resistance. A challenge with using pigments is achieving stable, fine-particle pigment dispersions. This is especially the case for aqueous pigment dispersions. Thus, it is desirable that a dispersant is optimized to effectively wet, disperse and stabilize pigments during the milling process. These objectives can be met by using a dispersant comprising an acrylic/polyether comb-branched polymer. We will review the sensitivities of pigment dispersion processing and properties to variations in the composition and molecular distributions of comb-branched copolymeric dispersants. The influence of these variations on end use performance for several applications will be reviewed. lnkjet ink performance, in particular, will be emphasized.
Computing the Unmeasured: An Algebraic Approach to Internet Mapping (2004)

Distance estimation is important to many Internet applications. It can aid a World Wide Web client when selecting among several potential candidate servers or among candidate peer-to-peer servers. It can also aid in building efficient overlay or peer-to-peer networks that react dynamically to changes in the underlying Internet. One of the approaches to distance (i.e., time delay) estimation in the Internet is based on placing tracer stations in key locations and conducting measurements between them. The tracers construct an approximated map of the Internet after processing the information obtained from these measurements. This work presents a novel algorithm, based on algebraic tools, that computes additional distances, which are not explicitly measured. As such, the algorithm extracts more information from the same amount of measurement data. Our algorithm has several practical impacts. First, it can reduce the number of tracers and measurements without sacrificing information. Second, our algorithm is able to compute distance estimates between locations where tracers cannot be placed. To evaluate the algorithm's performance, we tested it both on randomly generated topologies and on real Internet measurements. Our results show that the algorithm computes up to 50%-200% additional distances beyond the basic tracer-to-tracer measurements.
Scanning tunneling microscopy of the <i>a</i>-<i>b</i> planes of Bi2(Ca,Sr)3Cu2O8+δ single crystal and thin film (1988)

A scanning tunneling microscope was used to image the a-b plane of a single crystal of Bi2(Ca,Sr)3Cu2O8+δ (Tc∼85 K) and a thin film grown epitaxially on a (100) SrTiO3 substrate. Images taken at room temperature in air of a freshly cleaved bulk sample clearly show the one-dimensional superstructure (27.2±0.7 Å periodicity) which is common to this phase. Several images show steps 16 Å high, suggesting that the cleavage occurs between 2122 molecular units. The registry of the superstructure from terrace to terrace is either shifted by half a superlattice parameter or is aligned. Images of evaporated thin films show features of comparable size, but not the same long-range order as the crystal. Low-temperature conductance measurements of the thin film exhibit a BCS-like energy gap with 2Δ/kTc≊12.
A65 SUB-CHRONIC JET-LAG DISTURBS CIRCADIAN ACTIVITY, WITHOUT AFFECTING FORCED-SWIM AND ELEVATED PLUS-MAZE BEHAVIOR (2005)

Weber, M.; Talmon, S.; Boeddinghaus, C.; van Gaalen, M.M.; Gross, G.; Wicke, K.M. Author Information
Comprendre les structures guidantes (2019)

L’optique ou ce qu’il convient d’appeler la photonique vit une période de transition majeure. De nouveaux concepts et de nouvelles structures ont permis récemment des approches originales pour manipuler la lumière à des échelles plus petites que sa longueur d’onde caractéristique, suscitant des espoirs réels de voir ces technologies photoniques sur le devant de la scène dans les décennies à venir.
DNA Computation: A Photochemically Controlled AND Gate (2012)

DNA computation is an emerging field that enables the assembly of complex circuits based on defined DNA logic gates. DNA-based logic gates have previously been operated through purely chemical means, controlling logic operations through DNA strands or other biomolecules. Although gates can operate through this manner, it limits temporal and spatial control of DNA-based logic operations. A photochemically controlled AND gate was developed through the incorporation of caged thymidine nucleotides into a DNA-based logic gate. By using light as the logic inputs, both spatial control and temporal control were achieved. In addition, design rules for light-regulated DNA logic gates were derived. A step-response, which can be found in a controller, was demonstrated. Photochemical inputs close the gap between DNA computation and silicon-based electrical circuitry, since light waves can be directly converted into electrical output signals and vice versa. This connection is important for the further development of an interface between DNA logic gates and electronic devices, enabling the connection of biological systems with electrical circuits.
True histiocytic lymphoma following therapy for lymphoblastic neoplasms (1996)

True histiocytic lymphomas (THLs) are rare tumors in which the malignant cells show morphologic and immunophenotypic evidence of histiocytic differentiation. We describe THLs that arose after therapy for one case of T-lineage lymphoblastic lymphoma (LyL) and two cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (both CD10+, one pre-B phenotype). The lymphoblastic neoplasms were not unusual in any way, and responded well to standard therapy. The THLs arose 10 to 20 months after complete remission was achieved for the lymphoblastic neoplasms, at which time there was still no clinical or pathologic evidence of the lymphoblastic neoplasms. All three THLs exhibited clinical and morphologic features of malignancy. Neoplastic cells in the THLs had abundant eosinophilic vacuolated cytoplasm and pleomorphic nuclei, and expressed histiocytic antigens in the absence of lymphocyte-specific lineage markers. Because THLs are rare neoplasms, their occurrence after otherwise successful therapy for lymphoblastic neoplasms in these three cases may constitute a distinct clinicopathologic entity.
Age- and Sex-Specific Thorax Finite Element Model Development and Simulation (2015)

In this study, age- and sex-specific thoracic models were developed and the biomechanical response was studied using frontal and lateral impact simulations. The development of these age- and sex-specific FE models of the thorax will lead to an improved understanding of the complex relationship between thoracic geometry, age, sex, and injury risk.
The Impact and Sliding Wear Performance of Thermal Spray HVAF Thick Carbide Coatings on Steel Substrates (2014)

Abstract This study assesses the sliding wear and impact behavior of thick carbide coatings deposited on hot-rolled steel by high-velocity airfuel (HVAF) spraying. Coating samples are evaluated based on scratch, ball-on-disc sliding, normal impact, and compound sliding impact tests and efforts are made to rank materials according to tribological criteria including coating failure mode, friction response, and wear. The approach is intended to provide insights for product designers specifying thermal spray coatings for steel components and structures from a wear performance perspective.
Local Drug Delivery Using Coated Stents: New Developments and Future Perspectives (2004)

Percutaneous coronary intervention has been hampered by restenosis since its inception. Many research projects including the use of various devices and systemic drug administration have shown disappointing results. The clinical data reported from trials with sirolimus- and paclitaxel- eluting stents have been very promising, such that stents with the capability of drug elution are currently attracting the medical community for the prevention of restenosis. Based on the mechanism of action of the drugs released from the stent and the target of the restenotic process, there may be 4 therapeutic objectives: anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, anti-migratory, and pro-endothelial healing. There are many candidate agents for drug-eluting stents, however, it now becomes clear that not all drug-eluting stents are equally effective. This article describe candidate agents which have been tested or currently under investigation, and summarize the latest information.
Study of computer network education simulation system (2014)

Welcome to the WIT Press eLibrary - the home of the Transactions of the Wessex Institute collection, providing on-line access to papers presented at the Institute's prestigious international conferences and from its State-of-the-Art in Science & Engineering publications.
Effect of impurity concentration on 1.54 um emission from GaN:Er (2000)

The surface morphology and the room temperature 1.54 micrometers photoluminescence (PL) intensity have been investigated as a function of Er flux in GaN:Er grown by gas source molecular beam epitaxy using below bandgap excitation energy. Unlike AlN, GaN:Er showed improved surface smoothness as evidenced by atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, with RMS roughness values improving from 18.1 to 2.0 nm as the Er concentration is increased. Similarly the PL emission increased with increasing Er concentration and showed no evidence of saturation or concentration quenching. Even further improvements in 1.54 micrometers PL intensity from GaN:Er have been obtained through the introduction via ion implantation of carbon or oxygen, with carbon appearing to produce the greatest increase. Increasing the C concentration through the use of CBr<SUB>4</SUB> during growth initially improved the surface smoothness, with RMS roughness improving by a factor of seven over undoped GaN. The PL also improved dramatically. However, the highest amounts of C investigated produced a decrease in the PL as well as a roughening of the film surface. These effects indicate that the GaN:Er had reached its C solubility limit, producing an increased amount of defect induced nonradiative recombination.
Convenient <i>C</i>-alkylation of some acyloins (1969)

Acetoin, adipoin, and benzoin are conveniently alkylated by benzyl chloride and methyl iodide in 1,2-dimethoxyethane solution using sodium hydride as the base. Only alkylation at carbon is observed. Little or no alkylation occurs at oxygen.
Effect of Hydrogen Concentration at Overlay / Base Metal Interface on Repair Weldability of Petroleum Pressure Vessel (2008)

In order to extend the life of petroleum pressure vessels operated in long term, it is demanded to establish the repair welding technique. To make clear the effect of weld thermal cycles during repair welding on the hydrogen content and weld cold cracking at the base metal of 2.25Cr- 1Mo steel / overlaying metal of austenitic stainless steels interface in the structural material of petroleum pressure vessels, the crack susceptibility was estimated by y-groove weld cracking test and repair welding test with varying overlay thickness and hydrogen exposure conditions. In addition, the hydrogen distribution in the material was calculated by the theoretical analysis using the diffusion equation based on activity. The crack susceptibility was raised with increase in the hydrogen content at the interface. It was concluded that the cracking could be prevented by controlling the repair welding process to reduce the hydrogen content at the interface.
Influence of Basicity on Heating Properties of Slags from Municipal Waste Ash. (2000)

Two slags of different CaO content from municipal waste were heat-treated. The structure and properties of the products were revealed. The main crystalline phase in the specimen with high CaO content (high basicity) was gehlenite when it was heated above 1073K. When heated above 1123K, fully crystallized materials were obtained. The specimen with low basicity yielded porous materials on heating above 1173K and the effective foaming was observed in the temperature range between 1223-1233K. The porous materials were composed of gehlenite, anorthite and glass. The difference in crystals formed on heating with the difference in basicity was interpreted according to a three-phase triangle diagram defined by gehlenite, anorthite and wollastonite.
ChemInform Abstract: NICKEL(II) COMPLEXES OF HYBRID NITROGEN‐PHOSPHORUS, NITROGEN‐ARSENIC, AND NITROGEN‐ANTIMONY LIGANDS. A COMPARISON (1980)

Abstract Die Reaktionen der isostrukturellen zweizähnigen Liganden (Ia)‐(Ic) mit Ni(II)‐Salzen werden untersucht und mit denen der entsprechenden Liganden (Id) und (Ie) verglichen.
Cloning, restriction digestion and DNA labeling of large DNA fragments (greater than or equal to 1 kb) in the presence of remelted SeaPlaque GTG agarose gels. (1991)

Large DNA fragments (greater than or equal to 1 kb), separated in low melting temperature SeaPlaque GTG agarose gels, can be enzymatically processed directly in the presence of this agarose (in-gel). Time saving protocols are discussed for in-gel processing of large DNA fragments in the presence of remelted SeaPlaque GTG agarose, including cloning into pUC18, nick translation, random priming and restriction digestion. These in-gel molecular biology techniques are as efficient as those using DNA recovered from agarose. The effects of UV irradiation, Mg2+ concentration and agarose concentration on selected in-gel protocols are also discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: INTRAMOLECULAR CYCLOPENTENE ANNULATION. 3. SYNTHESIS AND CARBON‐13 NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY OF BICYCLIC CYCLOPENTENE LACTONES AS POTENTIAL PERHYDROAZULENE AND/OR MONOTERPENE SYNTHONS (1984)

Abstract Durch intramolekulare Cyclopropanierung der Diazoverbindungen (II) und (VIII) entstehen die Derivate (III) bzw. (IX), deren Thermolyse zu den cyclopentenanellierten Lactonen (IV) und (VI) bzw. (X) und (XI) führt.
Numerical Simulation of Condensed Water Behavior in Gas Diffusion Layers of PEFC Using the Lattice Boltzmann Method (2013)

Numerical simulations using the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) has been developed to elucidate the dynamic behavior of condensed water in a gas diffusion layer (GDL) of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEFC). Here, a LBM model of two-phase flow with equal densities was applied, because the condensed water behavior is less affected by the gas flow. The simulation results showed that the LBM applied here can simulate dynamic capillary fingering at low migration speeds of liquid water in a GDL, which is similar to the results of the LBM simulation with large density differences. Using the equal density LBM, we conducted efficient large-scale analyses to elucidate the effect of the GDL structure and wettability on the liquid water behavior inside of the GDL.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Single Step Preparation of 1,3,5‐Thiadiazin‐4‐ones (III) from Carbon Oxide Sulfide (II) and Dialkylcyanamides (I) Under High Pressure. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Cyclopentadienylidene. A matrix isolation study exploiting photolysis with unpolarized and plane-polarized light (1981)

Diazocyclopentadiene (1) was photolyzed in N(2), CO, and other low-temperature matrices. The resulting carbene, cyclopentadienylidene (2), was characterized by its UV and IR spectra, and its thermal dimerization and reaction with CO were observed. Photolysis of 1 with plane-polarized light gave matrices exhibiting linear dichroism. Comparison of dichroic IR and UV spectra revealed that the photolysis proceeds via an excited A(l) state of the diazo compound. Plane-polarized irradiation of the corresponding ketene (4) in CO matrices resulted in photoreorientation of the molecules of 4 without significant loss.
Outcome after total hip arthroplasty: Part I. General health evaluation in relation to definition of failure in the Swedish National Total Hip Arthroplasty register (2000)

The Swedish National Total Hip Arthroplasty register, which was started in 1979, is one of the oldest national quality registers in the world and consists of over 160,000 primary operations and 12,500 revisions. The register identifies risk factors for poor outcomes related to the patient, implant and surgical techniques. The end-point for failure, i.e., revision, does not provide information about the patient's general health after the primary procedure. The aim of this study was twofold. First, to validate the end-point for failure in the Swedish National Total Hip Arthroplasty register and secondly, to study general health after total hip arthroplasty. We validated the outcome of 1,056 primary THRs randomly selected from the Discharge register in Sweden by comparing the data to the Swedish THA register. These patients had answered the SF-36 and Nottingham Health Profile questionnaires. By comparing the clinical outcome, measured as general health, with the results obtained from the register, we evaluated the importance of the end-point for failure. We found that the end-point was useful, but further evaluations are desirable. Patients operated on with hip replacement do very well up to 10 years postoperatively and those who are not revised have good general health. The findings in this study can be used as a reference for others as it shows results from a national register, with a random selection of the study cohort.
Studies on the Morphopoiesis of the Head of Phage T‐Even (1969)

Assembly of T4 polyheads and T4 phage has been investigated under special metabolic conditions of the host cell. The purpose of the investigation was to determine whether the assembly of polyheads or capsids depends on protein and DNA synthesis and whether it is energy requiring. The influences of chloramphenicol, 5‐fluoro‐2′‐deoxyuridine and potassium cyanide on the maturation process were studied. The main results of experiments performed with T4D.20 ( am N50) and T4D.20( am N50)‐e are as follows: The maturation of polyheads and capsids is independent of concurrent protein synthesis; if the protein synthesis is arrested 10 min after infection or later, the existing protein precursor pools can be depleted by 90%. With phage DNA synthesis reduced to about 10%, the capsid assembly is diminished, but not that of polyheads. Capsids may, polyheads may not need DNA as a morphopoietic factor. The assembly of polyheads, but not that of capsids is partially inhibited by cyanide which lowers the intracellular ATP level to 10–20%.
Emphysematous Cellulitis of the Hip and Thigh Resulting from Enteric Fistula (1963)

In the two cases presented, acute non-clostridial emphysema of the hip and thigh was the result of enteric fistulae that dissected into the fascial planes of the hip. Emphysema may be produced by the introduction of coliform organisms into the tissue of the diabetic patient or by the extension of an iliopsoas abscess into the region of the lesser trochanter. Extension of an iliopsoas abscess may occur from emphysematous perirenal abscesses in patients with diabetes mellitus or from perforating lesions of the gastro-intestinal tract. Adequate surgical drainage of the hip and thigh is necessary in conjunction with or prior to the treatment of the primary disease.
ChemInform Abstract: THE SYNTHESIS OF SOME NEW 3‐METHYL‐2‐PYRAZOLIN‐5‐ONES (1976)

Abstract Die 2‐Arylhydrazone (III) entstehen durch Kupplung von Acetessigester (I) mit den Diazoniumsalzen (II).
Predicting Long Term Riding Comfort in Cars by Contact Forces Between Human and Seat: SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-2690 (2005)

In this paper a project is described on finding a relationship between discomfort and contact force distribution between human and seat. In the first step experiments were conducted to find correlations between pressure and discomfort. In the second step these findings were validated for long term discomfort. The gained knowledge provides the possibility to check the long term riding properties of a car seat by taking the pressure distribution which takes only a few minutes. Furthermore, pressure distributions which are computed by digital human models can be evaluated with this knowledge.
GJB2: The spectrum of deafness-causing allele variants and their phenotype (2004)

Genetic testing was completed on 1,294 persons with deafness referred to the Molecular Otolaryngology Research Laboratories to establish a diagnosis of DFNB1. Exon 2 of GJB2 was screened for coding sequence allele variants by denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) complemented by bidirectional sequencing. If two deafness-causing mutations of GJB2 (encoding Connexin 26) were identified, further screening was not performed. If only a single deafness-causing mutation was identified, we screened for the g.1777179_2085947del (hereafter called del(GJB6-D13S1830); GenBank NT_024524.13) and mutations in the noncoding region of GJB2. Phenotype-genotype correlations were evaluated by categorizing mutations as either protein truncating or nontruncating. A total of 205 persons carried two GJB2 exon 2 mutations and were diagnosed as having DFNB1; 100 persons carried only a single deafness-causing allele variant of exon 2. A total of 37 of these persons were c.35delG carriers, and 51 carried other allele variants of GJB2. Persons diagnosed with DFNB1 segregating two truncating/nonsense mutations had a more severe phenotype than persons carrying two missense mutations, with mean hearing impairments being 88 and 37%, respectively (P < 0.05). The number of deaf c.35delG carriers was greater than expected when compared to the c.35delG carrier frequency in normal-hearing controls (P < 0.05), suggesting the existence of at least one other mutation outside the GJB2 coding region that does not complement GJB2 deafness-causing allele variants.
Interference Channels with Confidential Messages: Scaling up the Secure Degrees of Freedom with No CSIT (2018)

We consider the K-user interference channel with confidential messages (IC-CM) with intersymbol interference (ISI). The main contribution of this paper is to show that sum-secure degrees of freedom (SDoF) can be made to linearly increase with the number of users K with no channel state information at the transmitters (CSIT). We demonstrate that this is true whenever the channel impulse response (CIR) lengths from the legitimate transmitters towards their respectively intended receivers are larger than those from the interfering transmitters towards the unintended receivers. To design this scheme, we use: a) the simple channel matrix structures of the received signal space to eliminate interference and allow decodability at the intended receivers. b) an injection of artificial noise into the transmitted signal from a strategically chosen small number of transmitters that act as cooperative jammers in order to preserve confidentiality of messages at unintended receivers. This is the first work showing that the SDoF of the K-user IC-CM with ISI can linearly increase with K, the number of users.