gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Study of Amino-Imino Tautomerism in Derivatives of 2-, 4- and 6-Aminonicotinic Acid (1994)

13 C NMR spectra of p -nitrobenzoyl 2-, 4-, and 6-aminopyridine-3-carboxylates, their hydrochlorides, trifluoroacetates and 1-benzyl derivatives were studied. As found from the chemical shifts of pyridine carbon atoms C-2, C-4 and C-6, the free bases exist in the amino form whereas hydrochlorides and 1-substituted pyridinium derivatives in the imino form. Trifluoroacetates of the 2- and 6-amino derivatives have structure similar to that of amidiniumcarboxylates (parallel hydrogen bonds and partially ionic character) whereas trifluoroacetate of the 4-amino derivative is structurally close to the corresponding hydrochloride. The found structures were confirmed by 1 H NMR and IR spectroscopy.
Mobile Robots Navigation (2010)

Mobile robots navigation includes different interrelated activities: (i) perception, as obtaining and interpreting sensory information; (ii) exploration, as the strategy that guides the robot to select the next direction to go; (iii) mapping, involving the construction of a spatial representation by using the sensory information perceived; (iv) localization, as the strategy to estimate the robot position within the spatial map; (v) path planning, as the strategy to find a path towards a goal location being optimal or not; and (vi) path execution, where motor actions are determined and adapted to environmental changes. The book addresses those activities by integrating results from the research work of several authors all over the world. Research cases are documented in 32 chapters organized within 7 categories next described.
A prospective study of life changes and subsequent health changes (1973)

The relationship of life events requiring social readjustment to subsequent health change has been examined through use of the Schedule of Recent Experience and the Life Change Unit Scale in a prospective study of 134 cadets enrolled in an officer training program. Significant positive correlations were found between life changes and health changes reported on a daily basis for the first two weeks of the training program and for succeeding four- and eight-month periods. There were no significant correlations between number of health changes and number of life-change items reported or number of adjectives checked on the Multiple Affect Adjective Check List, indicating that such personality variables as tendency to check items or recall ability are not the determinants of the correlation between reported life change and subsequently reported health change. The data support the hypothesis that disturbance in social equilibrium is reflected in disturbance of physiological equilibrium manifested by perceived and reportable health change.
Immediate Implant-based Prepectoral Breast Reconstruction Using a Vertical Incision (2015)

There can be significant morbidity associated with traditional subpectoral implant-based breast reconstruction. As an alternative, the results of this study show that an immediate single-stage prepectoral breast reconstruction with a smooth saline adjustable implant, using a vertical incision, in conjunction with mesh/matrix support can be performed with excellent aesthetic outcomes and minimal complications.
Fermentation (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFermentationDavid Perlman, William E. Brown, and Sylvan B. LeeCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1952, 44, 9, 1996–2012Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50513a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50513a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views224Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization (2009)

An adaptive particle swarm optimization (APSO) that features better search efficiency than classical particle swarm optimization (PSO) is presented. More importantly, it can perform a global search over the entire search space with faster convergence speed. The APSO consists of two main steps. First, by evaluating the population distribution and particle fitness, a real-time evolutionary state estimation procedure is performed to identify one of the following four defined evolutionary states, including exploration, exploitation, convergence, and jumping out in each generation. It enables the automatic control of inertia weight, acceleration coefficients, and other algorithmic parameters at run time to improve the search efficiency and convergence speed. Then, an elitist learning strategy is performed when the evolutionary state is classified as convergence state. The strategy will act on the globally best particle to jump out of the likely local optima. The APSO has comprehensively been evaluated on 12 unimodal and multimodal benchmark functions. The effects of parameter adaptation and elitist learning will be studied. Results show that APSO substantially enhances the performance of the PSO paradigm in terms of convergence speed, global optimality, solution accuracy, and algorithm reliability. As APSO introduces two new parameters to the PSO paradigm only, it does not introduce an additional design or implementation complexity.
Analysis of Pap Smear Results over Twenty Year Period, 1979-1998 (2000)

Objective : To estimate the significance of the Pap smear as a screening tool for cervical cancer. Methods : A total of 79,840 Pap smear results peformed at Pusan Paik Hospital over the 20 year period from 1979 to 1998 were collected and analyzed. Results : The number of Pap smear cases increased markedly during this period, and the results as a whole were classified as of 96.4% normal and benign cytology, 2.2% pre-cancerous cytology, and 1.4% cervical cancer. The relative frequency of cervical cancer decreased from 1.6% in 1979 to 0.7% in 1998. About 64% of the Pap smears were distributed within the age range of 30 to 49 years, and the rate of cervical cancer increased with age, age of marriage and experience of childbirth (p
Updates on the role of adrenal steroidogenesis inhibitors in Cushing’s syndrome: a focus on novel therapies (2016)

The management of CS, and particularly CD, remains challenging. Adrenal steroidogenesis inhibitors can be of major interest to control the hypercortisolism at any time point, either before or after surgery, as discussed in this review.
Environment for performing collaborative distributed virtual environments with QoS (2002)

The spread of virtual environments is creating a new set of challenges in the management of system resources for guaranteeing quality of service (QoS). This paper describes an implementation of end-user QoS control to a distributed virtual environment platform called DVECOM. In particular, we describe how to guarantee mandatory properties, such as synchronization and consistency, how to reduce the impact on the application in case of a sudden overload in the system, and how we master this degradation to guarantee a smooth degradation according to the end-user's requirements. This representation degradation is driven by the user's choices and profile-selected through the offered rendering strategy API. We also present our evaluation of the QoS implementation, describing some interesting results we achieved in a simulation of collaborative work in the system.
Analysis of middle distillate fuels by midband infrared spectroscopy (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnalysis of middle distillate fuels by midband infrared spectroscopyG. E. Fodor and K. B. KohlCite this: Energy Fuels 1993, 7, 5, 598–601Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ef00041a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ef00041a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views232Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Application of Activated Ceramics to Transducers (1949)

The conditions under which titanate ceramics may be made to have piezoelectric properties suitable for application to transducers are described. These conditions involve a selection of the titanate material to give a Curie point well above the working temperature, polarization from an external voltage source within certain limits of potential gradient and time duration, and mechanical structure. Most common transducers have a mechanical impedance far below that of a solid block of ceramic. Multilamellar strips have been developed to provide the mechanical impedance required in a phonograph pick-up, microphone, or the like. These consist, in general, of a metal strip with a thin plate of ceramic soldered to one side or with thin plates soldered to both sides. As the multilamellar strip cools below the solidification point of the solder, the ceramic becomes pre-stressed in compression. This strip is then used in flexure in a transducer. It has many unique properties, especially for applications involving extreme conditions of humidity. Applications of this strip for a phonograph pick-up and to a microphone are shown. Precautions involved in controlling production of a pick-up are discussed.
Melatonin and the cardiovascular system. (2002)

Melatonin concentrations in serum, as well as urinary levels of its main metabolite, 6-sulphatoxymelatonin, decrease with age. In the course of aging, the frequency of heart diseases, both acute and chronic, systematically increases. The evidence from the last 10 years suggests that melatonin influences the cardiovascular system. The presence of vascular melatoninergic receptors/binding sites has been demonstrated; these receptors are functionally linked with vasoconstrictor or vasodilatory effects of melatonin. Melatonin can contribute in cardioprotection of the rat heart, following myocardial ischemia. It has been shown that patients with coronary heart disease have a low melatonin production rate, especially those with higher risk of cardiac infarction and/or sudden death. There are clinical data reporting some alterations of melatonin in human stroke and coronary heart disease. The suprachiasmatic nucleus and, possibly, the melatoninergic system may also modulate cardiovascular rhythmicity. Hypercholesterolemia and hypertension are the other age-related symptoms. People with high levels of LDL-cholesterol have low levels of melatonin. It has been shown that melatonin suppresses the formation of cholesterol by 38% and reduces LDL accumulation by 42%. A 10-20% reduction of cholesterol concentration in women using the B-oval pill has been observed. It is a very important because, even a 10-15% reduction in blood cholesterol concentration has bee shown to result in a 20 to 30% decrease in the risk of coronary heart disease. People with hypertension have lower melatonin levels than those with normal blood pressure. The administration of the hormone in question declines blood pressure to normal range. It has been observed that melatonin, even in a dose 1 mg, reduced blood pressure and decreased catecholamine level after 90 min in human subjects. Melatonin may reduce blood pressure via the following mechanisms: 1) by a direct effect on the hypothalamus; 2) as an antioxidant which lowers blood pressure; 3) by decreasing the level of catecholamines, or 4) by relaxing the smooth muscle in the aorta wall.
Evaluation of Moment Distribution in Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Polymer-Strengthened Concrete Beams (2008)

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Millimeter-Wave Characteristics of Phase-Correcting Fresnel Zone Plates (1987)

A focusing element called the phase-correcting Fresnel zone plate is described, and its characteristics are given when used in the millimeter-wave region for imaging or frequency filtering in place of a lens. Two versions are discussed, one where alternate concentric annular grooves are cut in a single piece of low-loss dielectric, and a second where two (or more) dielectrics are used in alternate concentric rings. For the latter case, an appropriate choice of parameters produces a design of constant thickness (i.e., a flat disk), named the "planar lens." Design formulas and curves, as well as measured results, are given for both types, and an analytical description is derived for the far-field patterns. Compared with lenses, zone plates are simpler to construct and have lower absorption loss, thickness, and weight.
A short review of biotechnological methods of relevance to modern vaccine development. (1990)

The development of new methods and techniques in biotechnology over the last two decades has opened the way for fresh strategies to develop new and better vaccines. The relevant techniques have been developed through important discoveries in immunology, gene technology and polymer chemistry. The purpose of this short review is to discuss these techniques in the light of vaccine development, without going into details regarding each specific disease and vaccine.
Impact of Wettability on Residual Oil Saturation and Capillary Desaturation Curves (2014)

ABSTRACT In this paper, we supplement capillary desaturation data in the literature with additional wetting systems. The study is performed on Berea sandstone rock samples prepared with different wetting conditions. The rock wettability was characterized with spontaneous imbibition. Residual oil saturations as a function of capillary and Bond number are measured using flooding and centrifuge techniques, respectively, for a wide range of capillary and Bond numbers. We find a strong interrelation between wettability, residual oil saturation, and critical capillary and Bond numbers. As the system becomes less water-wet the residual oil saturation decreases and the critical capillary and Bond numbers increase. We find that the critical capillary or Bond number for strongly water-wet rock is , which is in agreement with data reported in literature. However, for less water-wet rock, the critical capillary or Bond number is higher by at least one order of magnitude. The data presented in this paper indicate that reservoir wettability may significantly impact the design of enhanced oil recovery processes.
Triggering of soman‐induced seizures in rats: Multiparametric analysis with special correlation between enzymatic, neurochemical and electrophysiological data (1999)

Soman, an anticholinesterasic neurotoxic drug, induces epileptic seizures during severe intoxication. The neuropathological lesions then observed are linked to the appearance of these seizures, but their trigger conditions still remain unknown and a great variability between animals is observed. We have developed a technique allowing, in freely moving rats, the in vivo determination of three sets of neurophysiological data, before and during a soman intoxication. For the same rat, we associated cortical acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity by microdialysis with both the assay of extracellular acetylcholine (ACh) concentrations and electroencephalographic (EEG) recording and power spectrum analysis (gamma band). Data have been analyzed to define the critical parameters which lead to the epileptic fit. Although we found thresholds for seizure occurrence, AChE inhibition having to be over 65% and ACh over 200-fold the baseline, these two criteria are not sufficient to predict the appearance of seizures. Only animals with no increase of energy in the gamma band early after soman poisoning will then exhibit an epileptic fit. Gamma band energy is modulated by noradrenergic activity and might be related to the sympathetic response to stress. So we can hypothezise, that the variation of energy in gamma band after intoxication, which might be related to stress adaptation strategy, may determine whether or not the animal will exhibit an epileptic fit. J. Neurosci. Res. 58:464–473, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
New Cytotoxic Indolic Metabolites from a Marine <i>Streptomyces</i> (2003)

Three new cytotoxic 3,6-disubstituted indoles (1-3) were isolated from the mycelium of a strain identified as Streptomyces sp. (BL-49-58-005), which was separated from a Mexican marine invertebrate, and their structures established by analysis of NMR and mass spectral data. GI(50) values for 1 and 2 in cytotoxic bioassays against a panel of 14 different tumor cell lines were estimated at micromolar range, while compound 3 showed no activity in the same assays.
Additive effect of drospirenone/17-β-estradiol in hypertensive postmenopausal women receiving enalapril1 (2002)

Our results suggest a significant additive BP-lowering effect of DRSP/E2 on both systolic and diastolic BP in hypertensive postmenopausal women receiving ENA, consistent with an antimineralocorticoid effect. DRSP/E2, a HRT with antimineralocorticoid effects, could offer a novel potential mechanism for reducing cardiovascular end points in postmenopausal women.
Study on Braking Force Distribution of Electric Vehicles (2009)

Braking force distribution of an electric vehicle has an important impact on braking performance and energy recovery. With the analysis of braking dynamics and the establishment of motor model, a braking force distribution strategy is proposed from the viewpoint of maximum energy recovery. From another point of view, how to distribute the braking force can be thought as a constrained optimization problem, in which the motor maximum power, the motor maximum angular speed and the requirements of vehicle stability are all taken into account. The task is to find the optimal distribution ratio of the regenerative braking torque and the friction braking torque so that the regenerated energy can be maximized. Genetic algorithm is used to solve the optimization problem. The simulation results show that the braking force distribution by optimization is in accordance with the proposed braking force distribution strategy. The strategy takes advantage of the motor maximum torque and can obtain maximum energy recovery.
Forging the new talent compact (2009)

It is difficult to attract and keep top talent, acknowledges Douglas Ready , but he believes that your company's culture and climate are key to creating a system that works.
Energy trapping in mesa-shaped quartz crystal microbalance (2003)

In this paper, the energy trapping problem in AT-cut quartz mesa structures is studied. Results show that the mesa structure is able to trap thickness-shear vibration energy within a much smaller area compared with a conventional electroded plate. The optimum sizes of these mesa structures are obtained through this study.
Gridistor—A new field-effect device (1964)

This article concerns a new category of field effect transistors currently being developed which are derived from the Tecnetron (known as the Fieldtron in the U.S.A.) and which use the principal of centripetal striction and have a multichannel structure. By this development it is intended that the advantages of bipolar and field effect transistors be combined insofar as this is possible. In the theoretical part of the article the peculiarities of centripetal striction are discussed. It is shown that since the multichannel structure of the Gridistor removes the limitations arising from the restriction on the degrees of freedom, it eliminates the disadvantages of centripetal striction while retaining its advantages. The various geometries of the Gridistor and the techniques for realizing them are then described with particular attention to their remarkable suitability for integrated circuits. The results obtained are then given briefly and prospects for the future are outlined.
Elastic Constants of Aluminum Alloys, 2024-T3510, 5083-H131 and 7039-T64 as Measured by a Sonic Technique (1976)

Abstract : This report presents the results of sonic tests performed on aluminum alloys, 2024-T3510, 5083-H131 and 7039-T64. Young's modulus, the shear modulus, Poisson's ratio and the velocity of sound are reported for the temperature range of 22 to 550 C.
Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Reductase in Soybean Nodules : Comparison of the Enzymes in Host Cytosol, Bradyrhizobium japonicum Bacteroids, and Cultures (1992)

Characteristics of pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (P5CR) from Bradyrhizobium japonicum bacteroids and cultured rhizobia were compared with those of the enzyme in soybean nodule host cytosol. Reductase from host cytosol differed from that in bacteroids in: (a) the effect of pH on enzymic activity, (b) the capacity to catalyze both reduction of pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid and NAD(+)-dependent proline oxidation, (c) apparent affinities for pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid, and (d) sensitivities to inhibition by NADP(+) and proline. The K(1) for proline inhibition of P5CR in bacteroid cytosol was 1.8 millimolar. The properties of P5CR in B. japonicum and bacteroid cytosol were similar. The specific activities of P5CR in the cytosolic fractions of the nodule host and the bacteroid compartment were also comparable.
Myositis ossificans after tetanus (1977)

The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care: April 1977 - Volume 17 - Issue 4 - p 332
Problems raised by potency evaluation of allergen preparations. (1975)

Mycobacterium tuberculosis was cultured from the lung tissues of 3 captive elephants in Nepal that died with extensive lung lesions. Spoligotyping, TbD1 detection and multi-locus variable number of tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) results suggested 3 isolates belonged to a specific lineage of Indo-Oceanic clade, EAI5 SIT 138. One of the elephant isolates had a new synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) T231C in the gyrA sequence, and the same SNP was also found in human isolates in Nepal. MLVA results and transfer history of the elephants suggested that 2 of them might be infected with M. tuberculosis from the same source. These findings indicated the source of M. tuberculosis infection of those elephants were local residents, presumably their handlers. Further investigation including detailed genotyping of elephant and human isolates is needed to clarify the infection route and eventually prevent the transmission of tuberculosis to susceptible hosts.