gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Schedule-dependent enhanced lethality with combined administration of actinomycin D and tumor necrosis factor in mice. (1989)

While additive in vitro antitumor cytotoxicity has been observed with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in combination with cytotoxic agents, particularly actinomycin D (AMD), the critical issue of potentially enhanced host toxicity has not been assessed with such combinations. Dose- and schedule-dependent toxicity of AMD and recombinant human TNF (rHTNF) were studied in mice using sublethal single agent doses. Dose-dependent toxicity was tested using 500, 400, 250, and 50 micrograms/kg of AMD (i.p.) and 50, 25, and 5 micrograms/kg of rHTNF (i.v.). AMD was injected 2 h before TNF. The lethality from maximal doses of these agents alone was consistent with the LD10. However, in combination, an 83% (40/48) lethality was observed at the 500 micrograms/kg dose of AMD, and varying the TNF dose tenfold had no pronounced impact on mortality. A TNF dose response was observed with 400 micrograms/kg of AMD. No deaths occurred with the lower AMD doses (regardless of TNF dose). A similar pattern of lethality at the same doses of AMD and TNF was seen in immunocompetent heterozygotes from the same inbred strain. Toxicity was critically dose schedule (order and interval) dependent. Substantial lethality was seen only if AMD preceded TNF and was maximal at a dose interval of 15 min; this pattern was seen at two dose ranges. If AMD was given after TNF, essentially no lethality was seen. If Phase I clinical trials of AMD/TNF are to be contemplated, the design of such protocols must address (a) the likelihood that severe toxicity might occur at doses far lower than with rHTNF alone, (b) the importance of dose schedule on toxicity, and (c) the critical necessity for precise dose administration compliance if consistent results are to be achieved.
Transitory mobile phase environments for rapid selectivity changes in liquid chromatography: application to organic dyestuffs (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTransitory mobile phase environments for rapid selectivity changes in liquid chromatography: application to organic dyestuffsJennifer C. Gluckman, Karel. Slais, Udo A. T. Brinkman, and Roland W. FreiCite this: Anal. Chem. 1987, 59, 1, 79–85Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00128a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00128a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views32Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Improved Automated Detection of Embolic Signals Using a Novel Frequency Filtering Approach (1999)

Using a novel system for automated detection, which utilizes the fact that embolic signals have maximum intensity over a narrow frequency range, we have achieved detection with a high sensitivity and high specificity. These results are considerably better than those previously reported. We tested this initial system on short 5-second segments of data played in real time. This approach now needs to be developed for use in a true online system to determine whether it has sufficient sensitivity and specificity for clinical use.
A Robust and Fast Digital Background Calibration Technique for Pipelined ADCs (2007)

This paper presents a background calibration scheme for pipelined analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) that is robust and has short calibration time. For a switched-capacitor (SC) pipeline stage, by splitting its input sampling capacitor, a random sequence can be injected into the ADC's signal path, and then calibration data can be extracted from the ADC's digital output without interrupting its normal conversion operation. Using an input-dependent scheme to generate the calibration random sequence, no additional signal range is required to accommodate the extra calibration signal. Furthermore, using random choppers to scramble signal can ensure that all necessary calibration data can be collected within a given time regardless of input conditions, resulting in a more robust ADC. A split-channel ADC architecture is proposed to reduce the calibration time. The split-channel ADC consists of two A/D channels that receive the same analog input but employ different random sequences for calibration. The calibration time can be greatly reduced by comparing the digital outputs from both channels and then removing the embedded perturbations before extracting the calibration data. The proposed calibration techniques are analyzed by using both theoretical formulation and system-level simulation.
Prognostic significance of Nm23/NDPK expression in breast carcinoma, assessed on 10-year follow-up by automated and quantitative immunocytochemical assays (1998)

The Nm23 gene has been described as an antimetastatic gene; in some studies, disease progression in patients with solid tumours is related to Nm23 protein expression, which can be detected by immunohistochemical procedures. Detection of Nm23-H1 protein in breast cancer may be relevant for the monitoring of patient therapy, provided that the technical procedures are reliable and cost-effective. The aim of the present study was to determine the prognostic significance of Nm23, assessed by quantitative immunocytochemical assays (Nm23 ICAs), under optimal technical conditions. Nm23-H1 ICAs were performed on frozen sections, using an automated immunoperoxidase technique (Ventana) and computer-assisted analysis of digitized colour microscopic images (SAMBA), in a series of 168 breast carcinomas. The results of automated quantitative ICAs were correlated with patients' follow-up (129 months). Nm23-H1 immunocytochemical expression in histological sections of tumours in which more than 3 per cent of the surface area was positively stained was significantly (0.012) correlated with longer metastasis-free survival in both node-positive and node-negative groups of patients (P = 0.032 and P = 0.036, respectively) (Kaplan-Meier log-rank test, NCSS 6.0.1 software). Nm23 expression (cut-point 3 per cent) did not, however, correlate with overall survival, or with the recurrence-free survival. In multivariate analysis (proportional hazards regression, Cox model), the prognostic significance of Nm23 in terms of metastasis-free survival was independent of tumour size and grade, and of histological grade, in the entire cohort of patients. It is concluded that Nm23 immunodetection is only of limited practical clinical relevance in breast carcinoma, even when assessed under optimal technical conditions.
Ectopic Expression of Cyclin D1 but Not Cyclin E Induces Anchorage-Independent Cell Cycle Progression (1997)

Normal fibroblasts are dependent on adhesion to a substrate for cell cycle progression. Adhesion-deprived Rat1 cells arrest in the G1 phase of the cell cycle, with low cyclin E-dependent kinase activity, low levels of cyclin D1 protein, and high levels of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27kip1. To understand the signal transduction pathway underlying adhesion-dependent growth, it is important to know whether prevention of any one of these down-regulation events under conditions of adhesion deprivation is sufficient to prevent the G1 arrest. To that end, sublines of Rat1 fibroblasts capable of expressing cyclin E, cyclin D1, or both in an inducible manner were used. Ectopic expression of cyclin D1 was sufficient to allow cells to enter S phase in an adhesion-independent manner. In contrast, cells expressing exogenous cyclin E at a level high enough to overcome the p27kip1-imposed inhibition of cyclin E-dependent kinase activity still arrested in G1 when deprived of adhesion. Moreover, expression of both cyclins D1 and E in the same cells did not confer any additional growth advantage upon adhesion deprivation compared to the expression of cyclin D1 alone. Exogenously expressed cyclin D1 was down-regulated under conditions of adhesion deprivation, despite the fact that it was expressed from a heterologous promoter. The ability of cyclin D1-induced cells to enter S phase in an adhesion-independent manner disappears as soon as cyclin D1 proteins disappear. These results suggest that adhesion-dependent cell cycle progression is mediated through cyclin D1, at least in Rat1 fibroblasts.
Aplastic Anemia Due to Chemicals and Drugs (1984)

To illustrate the etiologic role of drugs and chemicals in the development of aplastic anemia, we analyzed 108 cases of aplastic anemia among 3,715 hematologic patients during a ten-year period at the hematology section of Istanbul Medical School. Among these 3,715 patients, 695 had leukemia, a result indicating the relative rarity of aplastic anemia as compared with leukemia. Of the 108 patients, 58.3% were male and 41.7% were female. Their ages ranged from six months to 82 years. Pancytopenia was severe in 42.6% of the patients, and moderate or mild in 57.4%. Bone marrow was hypocellular in 84 patients, normocellular in 16, and hypercellular in eight. In 52 (48.1%) of the patients with aplastic anemia, the following etiologic factors were implicated: benzene (25 patients), antirheumatic drugs (ten), chloramphenicol (four), chloramphenicol plus hepatitis or chromosome anomalies (two), thiamphenicol plus sulfonamide (one), antituberculous drugs (three), daraprim (three), insecticides (two), hepatitis (one), and sulfonamide (one). Data indicate that the degree of bone-marrow cellularity is not always related to functional capacity, and numerous agents may have etiologic roles in the development of aplastic anemia.
Ray traced scalar fields with shaded polygonal output (1990)

An algorithm for rendering scalar field data that reduces rendering times by as much as two orders of magnitude over traditional full resolution images is presented. Less than full-resolution sampling of the scalar field is performed using a fast ray tracing method. The sampling grid points are output as a set of screen-based Gouraud shaded polygons which are rendered in hardware by a graphics workstation. A gradient-based variable resolution algorithm that further improves rendering speed is presented. Several examples are presented. >
Optimization of Pure-Component LNG Cascade Processes with Heat Integration (2018)

Liquefaction of natural gas is an energy-intensive process in which the energy efficiency depends on the number of compressors stages and the heat integration scheme. The aim of the study is to systematically evaluate process performance of pure component cascade processes, present optimized designs for all relevant numbers of compression stages and compare energy consumption between processes with differing levels of complexity. An original method for the evaluation of process performance is developed that utilizes as little human interaction as possible, making it suitable for optimization. This study shows that a pure-component cascade process using the three refrigerants R290, R1150 and R50 must have at least 11 stages to equal the energy efficiency of the best mixed refrigerant process. An optimized configuration for an 11-stage process scheme operating at 20 ∘ C ambient temperature is described in detail.
Boron trifluoride catalyzed addition of disulfides to alkenes (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBoron trifluoride catalyzed addition of disulfides to alkenesMarjorie C. Caserio, Cindy L. Fisher, and Jhong K. KimCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 22, 4390–4393Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00222a041https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00222a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1083Altmetric-Citations84LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Microbial Processes and Products (2005)

The development of recombinant DNA techniques over the last 20 years has greatly expanded the opportunities for using microorganisms to produce a broad range of valuable substances. In Microbial Processes and Products, outstanding leaders in using microorganisms as cell factories describe in detail their best laboratory procedures for many processes and products mediated by microorganisms. An overview chapter describes how to develop strain improvement programs and strategies to optimize fermentation processes.
Level of knowledge among health care providers on preparation of injectable artesunate for treatment of severe malaria in public health facilities in Tanzania (2019)

Most (82.5%) of HCP had low knowledge on preparation of injectable artesunate; 78.8% of HCP did not know what to do if the mixture do not mix-up correctly, 73.7% did not know when to discard the preparation if not used and half (50.1%) of them knew how to correctly calculate the dose based on body weight.
Improving the Codebook Design for Vector Quantization (1987)

In the vector quantization of speech signals. the codebook design is an important element. There are two major steps in the codebook design: codebook initialization and iterative optimization. The codebook initialization is especially important in order to design a better codebook. The present initialization procedures involve the random generation of initial codewords. In this paper. a non-iterative optimization procedure is used to reduce the guesswork to a minimum. Because better initial codewords are generated in this procedure, there is no empty cell problem in our design of the codebook. In comparison with a cell-splitting procedure, the S/N performance of this procedure is better by about 2 db.
Failure Analysis of Three Slow Speed Induction Motors for Reciprocating Load Application (2006)

This refinery has three 5400 HP slow speed induction motors driving reciprocating compressors for a hydrogen plant. All motors were rewound on site over a period 1998-2002 using magnetic wedges as per the original design and the motor protection was upgraded to microprocessor type relays. In summer 2003 it was noted that the motors suffered substantial loss of slot magnetic wedges and had to be scheduled for re-wedging over 2004-2005. The paper presents failure analysis, field measurements covering heat run test results, motor performance and vibration analysis before and after motor re-wedging work. The paper reviews the key factors for using magnetic versus non-magnetic wedges in these applications and techniques available to predict loss of wedges. The use of a microprocessor relay for slow speed induction motors protection is discussed particularly the thermal protection feature to address the cyclic load pattern caused by the reciprocating compressor.
Aging and Endothelial Function in Normotensive Subjects and Patients With Essential Hypertension (1995)

The present data indicate that there is a blunted response to acetylcholine with advancing age in both normotensive control subjects and essential hypertensive patients, suggesting that aging is associated with reduced endothelium-dependent vasodilation in humans.
Relationship of Porosity Formation and Preservation to Sandstone Consolidation History—Gulf Coast Lower Tertiary Frio Formation (1979)

In clastic situations, primary porositv is a direct function of texture and fabric, including size, sorting and shape (Fig. 1). Grain size, sorting, fabric, as well as sedimentary structures are related directly to sedimentary processes acting at the time of deposition (Fig. 1). Each depositional environment is characterized by a distinct suite of processes distributed across the active sediment water interface in a pattern unique for that environment (Fig.2). This suite of processes gives rise to a group of products, including sediment texture, fabric, and structures distributed across the active sediment water interface in a pattern unique for each depositional environment (Figs. 1 and 2). In a prograding or regressive situation, when sedimentation is taking place at the active sediment-water interface, a vertical sequence of sediments is formed which reflects, in an orderly fashion, from deepest at the base, to shallowest at the top, the progressive changes in texture, fabric and sedimentary structures resulting from the progressive changes in processes found along this interface from shallow to deep water (Fig. 3). Each sedimentary environment then, can be characterized by a unique vertical sequence of sediment textures, fabrics and sedimentary structures. It is this unique suite of characteristics that is commonly used for the identification of depositional environments in ancient rock sequences, and most importantly, is used to predict the presence and detailed distribution of the most porous (best sorted, coarsest) potential reservoir facies (Fig. 3).In a regional setting, the recognition of distinct sedimentary environments and knowledge of logical lateral relationships is the keystone for prediction of the lateral extension or even presence of potential reservoir facies.
Human kappa-casein as a tumor marker: purification and properties. (1981)

To test the efficacy of kappa-casein as a marker of human malignancy, a protein human milk, ostensibly kappa-casein, has been purified and serum levels determined, by RIA, in normal subjects, breast cancer patients, and lactating women. The results do not support claims by other workers for this protein. Concurrent physicochemical characterization of the protein has shown that it is probably lactoferrin and this result casts some doubt on the earlier studies as it is a major, non-beta component of the casein fraction. It also indicates that caution should be exercised when homology between proteins is used as a guide to identity.
Subband neural networks prediction for on-line audio signal recovery (2002)

In this paper, a subbands multirate architecture is presented for audio signal recovery. Audio signal recovery is a common problem in digital music signal restoration field, because of corrupted samples that must be replaced. The subband approach allows for the reconstruction of a long audio data sequence from forward-backward predicted samples. In order to improve prediction performances, neural networks with spline flexible activation function are used as narrow subband nonlinear forward-backward predictors. Previous neural-networks approaches involved a long training process. Due to the small networks needed for each subband and to the spline adaptive activation functions that speed-up the convergence time and improve the generalization performances, the proposed signal recovery scheme works in online (or in continuous learning) mode as a simple nonlinear adaptive filter. Experimental results show the mean square reconstruction error and maximum error obtained with increasing gap length, from 200 to 5000 samples for different musical genres. A subjective performances analysis is also reported. The method gives good results for the reconstruction of over 100 ms of audio signal with low audible effects in overall quality and outperforms the previous approaches.
Bioavailability of Dietary Polyphenols and Gut Microbiota Metabolism: Antimicrobial Properties (2015)

Polyphenolic compounds are plant nutraceuticals showing a huge structural diversity, including chlorogenic acids, hydrolyzable tannins, and flavonoids (flavonols, flavanones, flavan-3-ols, anthocyanidins, isoflavones, and flavones). Most of them occur as glycosylated derivatives in plants and foods. In order to become bioactive at human body, these polyphenols must undergo diverse intestinal transformations, due to the action of digestive enzymes, but also by the action of microbiota metabolism. After elimination of sugar tailoring (generating the corresponding aglycons) and diverse hydroxyl moieties, as well as further backbone reorganizations, the final absorbed compounds enter the portal vein circulation towards liver (where other enzymatic transformations take place) and from there to other organs, including behind the digestive tract or via blood towards urine excretion. During this transit along diverse tissues and organs, they are able to carry out strong antiviral, antibacterial, and antiparasitic activities. This paper revises and discusses these antimicrobial activities of dietary polyphenols and their relevance for human health, shedding light on the importance of polyphenols structure recognition by specific enzymes produced by intestinal microbial taxa.
Sources of DNA Double-Strand Breaks and Models of Recombinational DNA Repair (2014)

DNA is subject to many endogenous and exogenous insults that impair DNA replication and proper chromosome segregation. DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are one of the most toxic of these lesions and must be repaired to preserve chromosomal integrity. Eukaryotes are equipped with several different, but related, repair mechanisms involving homologous recombination, including single-strand annealing, gene conversion, and break-induced replication. In this review, we highlight the chief sources of DSBs and crucial requirements for each of these repair processes, as well as the methods to identify and study intermediate steps in DSB repair by homologous recombination.