gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial activity of a novel bioengineered honey against non-typeable <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> biofilms: an in vitro study (2018)

The opportunistic pathogen non-typeable <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> (NTHi) plays an important role in many chronic respiratory diseases including otitis media, chronic rhinosinusitis, cystic fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Biofilm formation has been implicated in NTHi colonisation, persistence of infection and recalcitrance towards antimicrobials. There is therefore a pressing need for the development of novel treatment strategies that are effective against NTHi biofilm-associated diseases. SurgihoneyRO is a honey-based product that has been bioengineered to enable the slow release of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, a reactive oxygen species to which <i>H. influenzae</i> is susceptible. Treatment of established NTHi biofilms with SurgihoneyRO significantly reduced biofilm viability through enhanced H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production and was shown to be more effective than the conventional antibiotic co-amoxiclav.
Role of platinum agents in the management of advanced pancreatic cancer (2007)

Pancreatic cancer, one of the most common gastrointestinal tumors, has a 5-year survival rate of < 5%. Since 1997, when gemcitabine showed superior clinical benefit to single-agent 5-fluorouracil, it has remained the only standard chemotherapy approved by the US FDA for the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer. Numerous new agents, both cytotoxic and targeted, have been tested against and in combination with this standard. Many combination therapy regimens showed encouraging results in Phase II settings, which led to > 12 randomized Phase III trials in the last decade. Some trials showed improved response rates or progression-free survival, but there was no clear improvement in survival. Among these combinations, the combination of gemcitabine plus platinum agents showed improved progression-free survival or time-to-tumor progression, but failed to demonstrate a survival advantage over gemcitabine. This combination has regained attention after a recent pooled analysis and a meta-analysis suggested a survival benefit of gemcitabine-platinum doublets when compared with single agent gemcitabine. There are preclinical data showing synergism between gemcitabine and platinum agents. Hence, this review covers the role of platinum doublets in the treatment of metastatic pancreatic cancer.
Signal design and figure of Merit for green communication links (2017)

To maximize energy efficiency in communications, particularly wireless communications, it is necessary to minimize power dissipation in all circuitry. This joint minimization is unfortunately not independently achievable. Decisions on the type of signal modulation adopted for use in any particular application can and do put lower limits on achievable circuit power dissipation, and therefore putting a ceiling on achievable energy efficiency. Such restrictions must be removed to fully realize our Green Communications objectives. Here the reasons for the energy efficiency limits are presented, which results in a new Figure of Merit for appropriateness of a signal selection with respect to maximizing available communication energy efficiency.
A radio communications network for voice and data in underground mines (2002)

A 900 MHz radio communications network, designed specifically for underground mines, is described. It has been conceived as a modern, microcellular approach to the provision of quality and reliable mine-wide integrated communications for multiple channels of two-way voice, data, and compressed digital video signals. The network backbone is a cascade of base stations with switching capability to enhance network reliability. The 512 kb/s common air interface (CAI) has been formulated to flexibly cater for the data and voice traffic likely to be encountered in underground mining. Computer simulated results on of the CAI under integrated voice and data traffic conditions are also presented.
Symmetric Cryptography With Shift 2<sup>n-1</sup>, Hash Transformation, Optimization-Based Controller for Medical Image Infosecurity: Case Study in Mammographic Image (2020)

Among imaging examinations, mammography noninvasively aids in the early detection and diagnosis of diseases inside the body, such as lung cancer or breast tumor, for first-line examination and helps physicians to treat medical conditions. As digital medical images can be transmitted by computer or telecommunication network, ensuring image infosecurity in public spaces is difficult. In infosecurity considerations, digital signature and encryption of individual anamnesis plain images should prevent data from being stolen, tampered, or peeked by unauthorized people. Hence, infosecurity has become an important issue in the digital era. This study proposes right / left shift 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n-1</sup> pixel values, hash transformation with multi-secret gold keys, and an optimization-based controller to integrate two symmetric cryptography processes for medical image encryption and decryption with the same secret gold keys. Then, swarm optimization-based controllers, which are based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) and firefly algorithm (FA), are implemented to search the decryption key parameters. For a case study on mammographic images consisting of medical X-ray images of 50 benign tumors and 50 malignant tumors, the peak signal-to-noise ratio is used to evaluate the relation between the original plain images and decrypted images. Conclusively, the FA-based controller performed better than the PSO-based controller in terms of recovery reliability and speeds up the computation of the desired optimal solution.
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF N-SUBSTITUTED İNDOLE 2- AND 3-CARBOXAMIDES (2004)

A series of N-substituted indole amide derivatives was tested for in vitro effects on rat liver microsomal NADPH-dependent lipid peroxidation (LP) and superoxide anion (SOD) formation. Vitamin E (a-tocopherol) decreased the LP level by about 63% at 104M concentration. A significant decrease in male liver microsomal LP level was noted for the compounds 1, 8 and 10 at a concentration of 104M comparing with a-tocopherol. The inhibition of 02( by compounds 8 and 10 were found highly efficient. Both activity results show that these compounds are promising antioxidants
SOME CONSIDERATION OF THE INTERACTION OF THE METAL PEPTIDASES WITH THEIR SUBSTRATES (1950)

It is generally agreed that enzymes must form definite chemical compounds with their substrates. This thesis, first clearly stated by Michaelis and Menten (1913), has been tested by kinetic studies on a large number of enzymes. Direct physical evidence has also been obtained by Keilin and Mann (1937) and by Chance (1943, 1947) that peroxidase and catalase form complexes with their substrate, hydrogen peroxide. Although there is ample evidence that enzymes form compounds with their substrates, the nature of the interactions has remained largely unknown. From the viewpoint of the enzyme chemist,
Multichannel SAR: a concept design (2010)

The potentiality of multichannel SAR, to provide wideswath and high resolution at the same time, has been described in many papers in the last past years. The scope of this paper is to address some of the architectural and technological aspects related to the implementation of a multichannel receiver for a multibeam-multimode SAR, with the objective to provide some solutions for different configurations with increased complexity.
The Kinetics and Mechanism of the Reaction of Diphenyldiazomethane and Benzoic Acid in Ethanol<sup>1</sup> (1951)

The reactions of substituted diazomethanes with carboxylic acids have been studied mainly in nonhydroxylic solvents. In one of the earliest papers published on this subject, Staudinger and Gaule reported that a variety of diazomethane derivatives reacted with substituted acetic acids in cumene at rates which depended on the strengths of the acids. Similar observations were later made by Norris and Strain with di-p-tolyldiazomethane and substituted benzoic acids in benzene, toluene and ethyl acetate solutions. The reaction of diazoacetic ester in aprotic solvents with various carboxylic acids has also been investigated and found to be roughly second-order in acid in contrast to the reaction of di-p-tolyldiazomethane with benzoic acid in toluene, which has been reported to be accurately first-order in acids. In non-hydroxylic solvents, the principal (if not the exclusive) reaction products are the carboxylic esters. Thus, diphenyldiazomethane reacts with benzoic acid in ether to give a 92% yield of benzhydryl benzoate' and recently Hardegger, El Heweihi and Robinet found that a large variety of carboxylic acids react similarly in non-hydroxylic solvents to form the corresponding benzhydryl esters in high yields.
ENABLE CLOUD ACCUMULATE APPRAISAL WITH PROVABLE FOR OUT SOURCE OF EXPLANATION UPDATES (2017)

Within the thing indicated ensample, key updates may be energetically outsourced beside a validated celebration, and inasmuch as the real thing-update hardship round the head might be hoarded least. Within already stated report, we point of interest relating to the way to bring about the foremost updates as clear-cut as you'll for that believer and contemplate a brand spanking new prototype referred to as puff larder auditing among testable outsourcing of key updates. Besides, us invent besides equips the client by forte to assist double-check the punch on the encrypted key keys equipped per person OA. Particularly, we suction the outsourced actuary in many existing electorate auditing devises; grant it to perform vouched for celebration amidst in our place, enable liable for the two-stash auditing and besides the able key updates for key-exposure holding. We place the which means and further the safety sort of this person chart. The certain birthday celebration haves an encrypted unknown key of the front for veil storehouse auditing and updates it lower the encrypted demand in each and every amount of time. The habitue keyboards the encrypted covert computerize the supported birthday party and decrypts it in agreement with he desires to exchange new files to darken. Within our plan, OA simplest need to occupy an encrypted style of the applicant’s unpublished key although act most of these unruly tasks beside respect to the client. The purchaser handiest have to boot up the encrypted confidential program the OA much as passing new files to perplex. Within us perform, OA handiest have to buy an encrypted style of the disciple’s covert key even though handiwork most of these intractable tasks beside respect to the client.
Developing your own 32-bit operating system (1995)

This tutorial is designed to build upon an intermediate programmer's knowledge and explain how to design and develop a feature-rich, full operating system.
The functional visual field during picture viewing. (1980)

In four experiments, pictures of complex, naturalistic scenes were shown, followed by a two-alternative forced-choice recognition test in which the targets and distractors differed in only a single, critical detail. Eye movements were recorded at the time of study in the first two experiments. In Experiment 1 we investigated eye movements during short initial exposure times and found that if the nearest fixation to the critical detail was further than about 2 degrees of visual angle, performance was no better than chance. Experiment 2 replicated Experiment 1 using longer exposure times and an expanded set of pictures. Performance was still found to decrease with increase in distance of the nearest fixation to the critical detail, but not quite to chance. In Experiments 3 and 4 we controlled where the subject's first fixation occurred using a prefixation point of light. The results indicated that the performance again decreases with increasing distance from the critical detail; however, performances did not fall completely to chance levels. In Experiment 4 a verbal recognition test was included, and overall performance was still slightly better than chance at extreme distances. It was concluded that some information is stored from the visual periphery during picture viewing.
An Analysis of Horizontal Wells Intercepted by Multiple Fractures (1997)

Summary A mathematical model is developed and used to discern the characteristic responses of a multiply-fractured horizontal-well. A systematic discussion of pressure behaviors is given. New interpretations and conclusions are provided. A simple, screening guide to evaluate the efficacy of this completion scheme is presented. The consequences of perforating selective sections after fracturing are examined. The pressure behaviors that are discussed in this work are used to analyze responses of a field test. This test was conducted on a medium-radius horizontal-well completed in a dolomite/anhydrite formation with a 1900′ horizontal section. Four distinct intervals were perforated and individually stimulated. Results from the analysis of the commingled test are presented in this work. The methodology outlined here should be useful to others. Practical guidelines are provided.
HIV‐1 Nef equips dendritic cells to reduce survival and function of CD8 <sup>+</sup> T cells: a mechanism of immune evasion (2004)

The accessory HIV‐1 Nef protein is a crucial determinant for viral replication and pathogenesis. During HIV infection, loss of immune control in the setting of a strong and broad HIV‐specific T‐lymphocyte response, leads to a lethal outcome through AIDS. Moreover, dysfunction of dendritic cells (DCs) may contribute to the immune suppression associated with AIDS progression. We recently demonstrated that exogenous Nef selectively activates immature DCs manipulating their phenotypical, morphological, and functional developmental program. Here, we tracked whether Nef, targeting DCs, could be involved in the dysregulation of CD8 + T cell responses. We found that Nef inhibits the capacity of DCs to prime alloreactive CD8 + T cell responses down‐regulating their proliferation and functional competence. This coincides with the induction of CD8 + T cell apoptosis. Nef oversees apoptotic killing of CD8 + T cells up‐regulating TNF‐α and FasL production by DCs and interfering with the death receptor pathway in CD8 + T cells and thus activating caspase 8. Our findings suggest that Nef may contribute to the immune evasion associated with HIV‐1 infection, subverting DC biology. This may help explain the pleiotropic function that Nef plays during infection and makes this protein an attractive target for preventive and therapeutic intervention.
[The primary structure of a monoclonic immunoglobulin-L-chain of subgroup IV of the kappa type (Bence-Jones protein Len.)]. (1975)

The complete amino acid sequence of Bence-Jones protein Len. was established by sequential analysis of tryptic and chymotryptic peptides. The result of these experiments and the comparative sequence analysis with the other 17 completely determined kappa-proteins is incompatible with the serological typisation of protein Len. as a member of subgroup II: There are 18 positions in protein Len. than cannot be associated with any one of the subgroups kappaI, kappaII or kappaIII. Also the average amino acid exchange rate between protein Len. and these subgroups is in the same range as the average amino acid exchange rate between these subgroups. Therefore Bence-Jones protein Len. is the first completely determined representative of a new IV. kappa-type subgroup. The variability of immunoglobulins follows a structural principle in which the single point mutations responsible for the variability are linked. The present paper contains the exact analysis of the linked point mutations within the so far best-investigated subgroup, kappaI (12 completely sequenced proteins). These linked exchanges allow the arrangement of the kappaI proteins in 4 subgroups and their further subdivision. The regularity of this amino acid sequence pattern can only be explained by an evolutionary origin of antibody variability. On the basis of this evolutionary mechanism the relationship of immunoglobulins can be depicted in a phylogenetic tree. Such a tree was therefore constructed for the 18 completely determined Bence-Jones proteins of kappa-type, for the first time taking into account Bence-Jones protein Len. Its topology is in complete agreement with the results of the comparative sequence analysis.
NMR Solution Structure of Ole e 6, a Major Allergen from Olive Tree Pollen (2004)

Ole e 6 is a pollen protein from the olive tree (Olea europaea) that exhibits allergenic activity with a high prevalence among olive-allergic individuals. The three-dimensional structure of Ole e 6 has been determined in solution by NMR methods. This is the first experimentally determined structure of an olive tree pollen allergen. The structure of this 50-residue protein is based on 486 upper limit distance constraints derived from nuclear Overhauser effects and 24 torsion angle restraints. The global fold of Ole e 6 consists of two nearly antiparallel alpha-helices, spanning residues 3-19 and 23-33, that are connected by a short loop and followed by a long, unstructured C-terminal tail. Viewed edge-on, the structured N terminus has a dumbbell-like shape with the two helices on the outside and with the hydrophobic core, mainly composed of 3 aromatic and 6 cysteine residues, on the inside. All the aromatic rings lie on top of and pack against the three disulfide bonds. The lack of thermal unfolding, even at 85 degrees C, indicates a high conformational stability. Based on the analysis of the molecular surface, we propose five plausible epitopes for IgE recognition. The results presented here provide the structural foundation for future experiments to verify the antigenicity of the proposed epitopes, as well as to design novel hypoallergenic forms of the protein suitable for diagnosis and treatment of type-I allergies. In addition, three-dimensional structure features of Ole e 6 are discussed to provide a basis for future functional studies.
Evidence for local DNA influences on patterns of substitutions in the human α-interferon gene family (1986)

The evolutionary history of genes can be used to examine patterns of spontaneous mutation if the sequences are sufficiently extensive to provide reliable data. Many human alpha-interferon genes have been sequenced and they form a large multigene family including several pseudogenes. A phylogenetic history for 15 human interferon sequences was reconstructed and their ancestral sequences inferred using a maximum parsimony method. This evolutionary history provided a record of more than 738 spontaneous mutations that have occurred in man's recent evolution. Of these mutations, more than 267 base substitution and deletion-insertion events were analyzed to determine the possible effects of nearby DNA sequences. Many substitutions occur at the end of long runs of identical bases and some dinucleotide pairs may mutate more often than others. Because templating by local DNA sequences has been implicated in prokaryotic mutation, the sequences were also examined for nearby repeats that include the substituted nucleotide and hence are potentially capable of templating the substitution. The majority of sequence alterations examined have either a similar direct repeat or palindrome nearby. Often such templates can account for simultaneous multiple mutations. These results suggest that sequence-directed events may occur occasionally in eukaryotes and that neighbouring DNA sequences can influence both the occurrence and types of mutations in several different ways.
Emissions and Stability Characteristics of Flameholders for Lean-Premixed Combustion (1992)

An experimental study was conducted to determine the NOx emissions and flame stability associated with various flameholders used to support lean-premixed combustion of natural gas at gas turbine conditions. Data were obtained for velocities of 6 to 24 m/s, initial temperatures of 533 to 650 K, and pressures of 3.4 to 13.6 atm. Bluff-body, perforated-plate, and swirl-stabilized flameholders were tested and compared. The results confirm that NOx emissions at ultra-lean conditions scale with the flame temperature and are essentially independent of flameholder geometry for typical combustor residence times. The stability behavior, however, was strongly affected by flameholder type, illustrating the influence of fluid mechanics on flame stability. The flame stability was related also to the dynamics produced by combustion instability. A swirl-stabilized flameholder demonstrated the best stability characteristics at the expense of flameholder pressure drop.
Non-linear analogue-to-digital conversion through PWM (1987)

A method for finding non-linear functions digitally is described. The design is based on pulse width modulating (PWM) the analogue signal by applying a specially shaped reference waveform in the modulator. The number of pulses of a high frequency clock entering in a binary counter during the high state period of the PWM will provide a digital number proportional to the first, square, cubic or forth order root at the input voltage. Exponential form functions also can be found digitally.
Characterization of β-Hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl Coenzyme A Reductase Inhibitor from <i>Pueraria thunbergiana</i> (2005)

This study describes the extraction and characterization of an inhibitor for beta-hydroxy-beta-methylglutaryl (HMG) coenzyme A (CoA) reductase from Pueraria thunbergiana. The maximum HMG-CoA reductase inhibitory activity (IC(50) = 79 microg) was obtained when P. thunbergiana was extracted with 70% ethanol at 30 degrees C for 12 h. After purification of the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor by means of systematic solvent extraction, silica gel column chromatography, and HPLC, an active fraction with an IC(50) of 0.9 microg (4.25 microM) and a yield of 1.3% was obtained. The purified HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor was identified as daidzein (C(15)H(10)O(4); molecular mass, 254 Da).
A study on development of bipolar metal surface anodizing equipment using H-bridge (2011)

In this paper, we developed the equipment to forming the insulation film which there are operated an electrolysis principles in particular solution. In the earlier, there are supplied the anode by unipolar voltage with pulse, in this paper, there are supplied the anode by bipolar voltage with pulse, alternately. And then, we examinate the system that there are developed the bipolar anodizing equipment using H-bridge. There are modulated pulse width for the variable current. In the results, we obtained the results of the uniform film surface that compared with the unipolar anodizing.
Involvement of 5-Hydroxytryptamine in Platelet Aggregation In Vivo in Rats and Guinea Pigs (1989)

In this study, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) caused a dose-dependent fall in the circulating platelet count suggesting that 5-HT receptors are activated in rat platelets to cause platelet adhesion and aggregation. When low doses of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) were simultaneously injected with 5-HT, there was a significant potentiation of the responses to ADP. Ketanserin significantly reduced the potentiated responses. When higher doses of ADP were infused with bolus injections of 5-HT there was no potentiation and ketanserin did not reduce these responses. Ketanserin did not inhibit the collagen-induced fall in circulating platelet count, but did significantly increase the rate of return to the basal platelet count compared with control. 5-HT did not cause a fall in platelet count in guinea-pigs.
PLK1 Inhibitors Synergistically Potentiate HDAC Inhibitor Lethality in Imatinib Mesylate–Sensitive or –Resistant BCR/ABL+ Leukemia Cells <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Vivo</i> (2012)

These findings suggest that concomitant PLK1 and HDAC inhibition is active against imatinib mesylate-sensitive or refractory CML and ALL cells both in vitro and in vivo and that this strategy warrants further evaluation in the setting of BCR/ABL(+) leukemias.