gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bipolar Radio Frequency Ablation of Spinal Neoplasms in Late Stage Cancer Disease (2011)

Ablation of tumorous masses adjacent to neural structures by bipolar technique, is feasible and predictable. Spinal cord damage can be avoided by exact planning of the induced necrosis.
Renal cystic disease and ammoniagenesis in Han (1994)

Cyst formation in conditions associated with increased renal ammoniagenesis (hypokalemia, distal renal tubular acidosis, renal mass reduction) and experimental links between increased ammoniagenesis and interstitial inflammation have suggested a role for ammonia in the pathogenesis of polycystic kidney disease (PKD). To explore this hypothesis, Han:SPRD rats, a PKD model that affects male more severely than female animals, have been used. Heterozygous cystic (Cy/+) and homozygous normal (+/+) male and female offspring of Cy/+ rats were divided at 3 wk of age into control groups drinking water and experimental groups drinking 300 mM NH4Cl, 300 mM KHCO3, 200 mM KHCO3, 200 mM KCl, 200 mM NaHCO3, or 200 mM NaCl. At 2 months of age, the rats were kept fasting from 8:00 p.m. to 8:00 a.m. in metabolic cages and urine samples were collected under mineral oil. The rats were then weighed and anesthetized for the collection of blood and kidneys. The administration of 300 mM NH4Cl, and to a lesser extent that of 200 mM NaCl, was accompanied by an increase in the urinary excretion of ammonia and aggravation of the renal cystic disease. On the other hand, the administration of 300 mM KHCO3, 200 mM KHCO3, or 200 mM NaHCO3 lowered the urinary excretion of ammonia and markedly reduced the severity of the cystic disease and interstitial inflammation. The administration of 300 mM KHCO3, and to a lesser extent that of 200 mM KHCO3, resulted in the precipitation of calcium phosphate in the medullary collecting ducts.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
FABES and FAPES – transesterification of triglycerides with higher alcohols. Quantitation and mass spectrometric evaluation (1985)

Abstract In order to facilitate the gas chromatographic determination of butyric as well as other short chain fatty acids, triglycerides containing these fatty acids were transbutylated and transpentylated to give FABES (fatty acid butyl esters) and FAPES (fatty acid pentyl esters), respectively. This method allows the molecular weight of the compounds to be increased while their polarity is decreased. Short chain esters elute sufficiently separated from the solvent; due to the decreased polarity, elution of long chain fatty acids is only slightly retarded compared to the corresponding methyl esters. Quantitative evaluation over a large series of injections proved the linearity of correction factors in both cases, FABES and FAPES, with a slight deviation for 16:0 and 18:0, respectively. Structural characterization was performed by GC/MS. It was shown that there are characterstic fragmentations for FABES as well as for FAPES. The El‐mass spectra give structural information about the alcohol and acid moieties, the ester molecule and the Cl‐spectra indicate the molecular weight. The absence of abundant highly characteristic peaks in the spectra of these esters makes the detection of FABES or FAPES in complex mixtures more difficult than the detection of FAMES with their very characteristic ions at m/z 74 and 87.
Mitrofanoff Continent Catheterizable Stoma for Pediatric Patients with Spinal Cord Injury (2000)

Our purpose was to determine the clinical efficacy of the Mitrofanoff catheterizable stoma for children and adolescents with spinal cord injury (SCI). In 1980, Mitrofanoff described the creation of an appendicovesicostomy for continent urinary diversion. This procedure greatly facilitates clean intermittent catheterization in patients with neurogenic bladder. We report on the objective results and the subjective measures of quality of life following appendicovesicostomy in 12 adolescents with SCI. Between 1996 and 1998, 12 adolescents with neurogenic bladders secondary to SCI underwent appendicovesicostomy formation, with or without bladder augmentation. Patients were interviewed about pre- and postoperative catheterization satisfaction. Infections, complications, and urinary continence were assessed postoperatively. Ten of twelve patients were satisfied with the procedure. Mean catheterization time was decreased from 16.4 to 5.1 min. Preoperatively, only 3 of 12 were able to perform self-catheterization, whereas all 12 were independent in catheterization postoperatively. Patient satisfaction preoperatively was 2.3 (scale 1-5) and improved to 4.5 postoperatively. Optimal management of the child with an SCI and neurogenic bladder is often clean intermittent catheterization. Unfortunately, many patients are unable to satisfactorily perform self-catheterization due to physical limitations. We report the successful use of the appendicovesicostomy continent catheterizable stoma in selected patients with SCI.
Attribute level overlap (and color coding) can reduce task complexity, improve choice consistency, and decrease the dropout rate in discrete choice experiments (2018)

A randomized controlled discrete choice experiment (DCE) with 3,320 participating respondents was used to investigate the individual and combined impact of level overlap and color coding on task complexity, choice consistency, survey satisfaction scores, and dropout rates. The systematic differences between the study arms allowed for a direct comparison of dropout rates and cognitive debriefing scores and accommodated the quantitative comparison of respondents' choice consistency using a heteroskedastic mixed logit model. Our results indicate that the introduction of level overlap made it significantly easier for respondents to identify the differences and choose between the choice options. As a stand-alone design strategy, attribute level overlap reduced the dropout rate by 30%, increased the level of choice consistency by 30%, and avoided learning effects in the initial choice tasks of the DCE. The combination of level overlap and color coding was even more effective: It reduced the dropout rate by 40% to 50% and increased the level of choice consistency by more than 60%. Hence, we can recommend attribute level overlap, with color coding to amplify its impact, as a standard design strategy in DCEs.
Hydrodynamic analysis of calenderable PVC and ABS compounds (1995)

Abstract Calendering of rigid and semirigid PVC (and ABS) compounds require an understanding of compound rheology and critical processing parameters. Compound rheology is modified with processing aids and lubricants. The choice of processing aid can be critical to achieving the desired rheology needed for calendering. This paper will focus on defining calendering rheology parameters as a function of a super high molecular weight MMA/SAN copolymer processing aid. These rheology parameters will be defined in terms of mill roll gap pressure, adhesive force (compound roll release) melt temperature, and shear rate. The ability to measure these parameters via a computerized two roll mill and relate this data to the actual calendering line will also be discussed.
Simulation of the plume generated by a micro laser-ablation plasma thruster (2002)

An end-to-end model is presented of the transient plume created by a micro laser-ablation plasma thruster. The laser ablation and plasma formation processes are modeled using a semi-analytical approach. This procedure provides boundary conditions at the target surface for the plume model that is based on a particle computational approach. The present study considers a 2 W diode-based laser irradiating a poly- vinyl chloride target over a spot radius of 10 micrometers for a pulse of about 100 microsecond(s) ec. The plume simulations reveal many details of the multi-component plasma expansion. The results are used to predict plume induced contamination effects.
Stimulated autoantibody response and increased longevity in NZB/NZW mice treated with cyclophosphamide and tilorone. (1978)

The experiment described in this report was designed to study the effects of immunostimulatory therapy in cyclophosphamide-treated hybrid New Zealand mice. Autoantibodies, renal histology and neoplasms were studied in seventeen female NZB/NZW mice treated with daily injections of the potent immunosuppressive drug, cyclophosphamide. Results were compared with fifteen female NZB/NZW mice who received both cyclophosphamide and tilorone, an interferon inducer which stimulates the immune system. Fifteen control mice received saline. The controls died with spontaneous arteritis and immune complex glomerulonephritis; their mean age at death was 46 weeks. In the cyclophosphamide group anti-DNA antibodies and renal disease were suppressed. Mean longevity was prolonged significantly to 80 weeks. Two mice died of iatrogenic causes, and the remaining fifteen mice died with neoplasms. Eleven mice had multiple neoplasms; a total of twenty-seven neoplasms appeared. In mice receiving combination therapy, autoantibody responses were not suppressed. Nevertheless, glomerulonephritis was controlled partially and the mean lifespan was prolonged to 82 weeks. Eighteen neoplasms appeared in ten mice in the combination treatment group, and five mice had more than one neoplasm. The appearance of lymphomas was delayed in mice receiving two drugs. It was concluded that concurrent therapy with tilorone stimulated autoantibody production and altered the expected pattern of neoplasia in cyclophosphamide-treated NZB/NZW mice.
Allogeneic suppressive effects of pregnancy sera on monocytes of responding cells in human mixed lymphocyte reactions. (1985)

The purified human monocytes of a responding donor preincubated with heat-inactivated serum T1264 or T1295 derived from pregnant women for 30 min at 37 degrees C expressed allogeneic suppressive effects on the proliferative response of the lymphocytes from the same donor in the allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). The pregnancy serum in our experiments was found not to contain any antibodies to DR and DQ antigens on monocytes of the responding donor. Accordingly, the suppressive effects mediated by monocytes were not based on the blocking of DR and DQ antigens on monocytes of the responding donor by DR and DQ antibodies in the serum. These highly reproducible allogeneic suppressive effects by monocytes of the responding donor were demonstrated in the MLR specific for DRw9-positive stimulating cells, whereas no inhibition was seen in the cultures with other stimulating cells of different DR phenotypes. Additionally, these suppressive effects appeared on the monocytes of a DR2-positive responding donor, but not on the monocytes of a DR2-negative responding donor. These suppressive effects were abolished when the absorbed pregnancy serum by monocytes of the DR2-positive responding donor was used. In this suppression phenomenon that we discovered, monocytes of the responding donor appear to act as regulatory cells on the proliferative response of the allogeneic MLR. This regulatory function of monocytes could be expressed through the specific molecules distinct from DR and DQ determinants on monocytes in cooperation with antibodies (IgG class) in the pregnancy serum.
Multiple Functions of Glutamate Uptake via Meningococcal GltT-GltM <scp>l</scp> -Glutamate ABC Transporter in Neisseria meningitidis Internalization into Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells (2015)

We previously reported that Neisseria meningitidis internalization into human brain microvasocular endothelial cells (HBMEC) was triggered by the influx of extracellular L-glutamate via the GltT-GltM L-glutamate ABC transporter, but the underlying mechanism remained unclear. We found that the ΔgltT ΔgltM invasion defect in assay medium (AM) was alleviated in AM without 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) [AM(-S)]. The alleviation disappeared again in AM(-S) supplemented with 500 μM glutamate. Glutamate uptake by the ΔgltT ΔgltM mutant was less efficient than that by the wild-type strain, but only upon HBMEC infection. We also observed that both GltT-GltM-dependent invasion and accumulation of ezrin, a key membrane-cytoskeleton linker, were more pronounced when N. meningitidis formed larger colonies on HBMEC under physiological glutamate conditions. These results suggested that GltT-GltM-dependent meningococcal internalization into HBMEC might be induced by the reduced environmental glutamate concentration upon infection. Furthermore, we found that the amount of glutathione within the ΔgltT ΔgltM mutant was much lower than that within the wild-type N. meningitidis strain only upon HBMEC infection and was correlated with intracellular survival. Considering that the L-glutamate obtained via GltT-GltM is utilized as a nutrient in host cells, l-glutamate uptake via GltT-GltM plays multiple roles in N. meningitidis internalization into HBMEC.
Endobronchial ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration versus transcervical mediastinoscopy in nodal staging of non small cell lung cancer: a prospective comparison study (2012)

Compared to TM, EBUS-FNA had a lower diagnostic yield and resulted in systematic mediastinal nodal understaging. At this point we suggest corroborating negative EBUS-FNA results by transcervical mediastinoscopy.
In memoriam: edward j. hoffman 1942-2004 (2004)

A brief biography of Edward J. Hoffman (1942-2004) is given highlighting his professional achievements. He was well known as a scientist whose early research in medical imaging helped create the positron emission tomography (PET) scanner.
POLARIS (2020)

In this paper, we describe the Polaris distributed SQL query engine in Azure Synapse. It is the result of a multi-year project to re-architect the query processing framework in the SQL DW parallel data warehouse service, and addresses two main goals: (i) converge data warehousing and big data workloads, and (ii) separate compute and state for cloud-native execution. From a customer perspective, these goals translate into many useful features, including the ability to resize live workloads, deliver predictable performance at scale, and to efficiently handle both relational and unstructured data. Achieving these goals required many innovations, including a novel "cell" data abstraction, and flexible, fine-grained, task monitoring and scheduling capable of handling partial query restarts and PB-scale execution. Most importantly, while we develop a completely new scale-out framework, it is fully compatible with T-SQL and leverages decades of investment in the SQL Server single-node runtime and query optimizer. The scalability of the system is highlighted by a 1PB scale run of all 22 TPC-H queries; to our knowledge, this is the first reported run with scale larger than 100TB.
A Bleustein-Gulyaev-Shimizu Wave Resonator with 2 or 3 Resonances for Double Traps in TV and VCR (VTR) (1996)

A Bleustein-Gulyaev-Shimizu (BGS) wave with only a shear-horizontal (SH) displacement has the property of complete reflection at the free edge of a piezoelectric ceramic substrate. A BGS wave resonator utilizing this property is super-miniature and wide band, has a small capacitance ratio, and does not require frequency tuning. At present, two kinds of BGS resonators have been used as the additional traps at f ap and f as in TV·VCR VIF circuits. In this work, utilizing the responses generated due to the frequency characteristic of weighted IDT and even mode reflections at free edges of the substrate, we propose a new type of BGS resonator device which has two or three resonant frequencies for both f ap and f as . By applying this resonator in a VIF circuit, we have confirmed that it produces sufficient attenuations for practical use at both f ap and f as .
Impact of transistor aging on RF low noise amplifier performance of 28nm technology: Reliability assessment (2013)

Transistor reliability has become one of the major concerns in reliable circuit design in advanced CMOS nanometer technology. Transistor aging can have a significant impact on the performance of the RF frontend circuits. In this paper, the impacts of transistor aging on a RF low noise amplifier (LNA) are studied. In this work, single-ended cascode LNA with source inductive degeneration and LC folded-cascode LNA test circuits are used to study the transistor aging effect. The noise figure (NF) and the gain, critical performance parameters of a LNA are shown to be degradation-sensitive. It is shown that the noise figure of the LNA is significantly increased and the gain of the LNA is decreased by the aging effect using a 28nm technology. The optimum gate bias point and the cascode structure have been shown as design guidelines to make the LNA more reliable.
Research data supporting "Pseudopotential for the 2D contact interaction" (2016)

A Mathematica notebook which may be run to generate all the pseudopotentials used in the paper 'Pseudopotential for the 2D contact interaction'. Contains documentation on how to run the notebook.
6-Deoxy-6-aminoethyleneamino cellulose: synthesis and study of hemocompatibility (2015)

Hemocompatibility of aqueous solutions of antimicrobial 6-deoxy-6-aminoethyleneamino (AEA) cellulose with different degrees of substitution (DS, 0.54-0.92) was investigated in vitro. The AEA cellulose derivatives were synthesized by tosylation of cellulose and subsequent nucleophilic substitution with 1,2-diaminoethane. The structure was confirmed by elemental analysis as well as by FTIR and NMR spectroscopies. Markers for coagulation (thrombin generation, aPTT, PT, blood clotting, thrombocyte activation) and membrane integrity (hemolysis) were measured in human whole blood, human platelet-rich plasma, human pooled plasma, and erythrocytes suspension. AEA cellulose with a low DS of 0.54 showed the highest hemocompatibility in vitro, suggesting the possibility of biomedical applications.
Regional localization of the gene for thyroid peroxidase to human chromosome 2pter→p12 (1988)

A 2.0-kb thyroid peroxidase cDNA of human origin was used as probe for Southern blot hybridization of genomic DNA from human somatic cells and human-rodent somatic cell hybrids. The results showed that the gene coding for human thyroid peroxidase is located on chromosome. 2. Further analysis of hybrids derived from Burkitt lymphoma cells carrying a (2;8)(p12;q24) translocation revealed that the gene maps to the region 2pter----p12.
Fuselet Design and Implementation: A Practical Framework for the Creation of the Joint Battlespace Infosphere (2002)

Abstract : In this effort, two fuselet authoring tools were developed and incorporated in a demonstration system utilizing AFRL's Adaptive Sensor Fusion (ASF) technology for data communication and component encapsulation. Fuselet components created by the authoring tools fall into two categories: adaptor fuselets and correlator fuselets. These fuselets were demonstrated in the context of a Joint Battlespace Infosphere (JBI) operational scenario.
Three‐Dimensional Analysis of Pharyngeal High‐Resolution Manometry Data (2013)

Three-dimensional analysis led to improved classification of swallows based on pharyngeal HRM. Artificial neural network performance with both two-dimensional and three-dimensional analyses was effective, classifying a large percentage of swallows correctly, thus demonstrating its potential clinical utility.
Imaging of cell-based therapy using <sup>89</sup>Zr-oxine <i>ex vivo</i> cell labeling for positron emission tomography (2020)

With the rapid development of anti-cancer cell-based therapies, such as adoptive T cell therapies using tumor-infiltrating T cells, T cell receptor transduced T cells, and chimeric antigen receptor T cells, there has been a growing interest in imaging technologies to non-invasively track transferred cells <i>in vivo</i>. Cell tracking using <i>ex vivo</i> cell labeling with positron emitting radioisotopes for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has potential advantages over single-photon emitting radioisotopes. These advantages include intrinsically higher resolution, higher sensitivity, and higher signal-to-background ratios. Here, we review the current status of recently developed Zirconium-89 (<sup>89</sup>Zr)-oxine <i>ex vivo</i> cell labeling with PET imaging focusing on its applications and future perspectives. Labeling of cells with <sup>89</sup>Zr-oxine is completed in a series of relatively simple steps, and its low radioactivity doses required for imaging does not interfere with the proliferation or function of the labeled immune cells. Preclinical studies have revealed that <sup>89</sup>Zr-oxine PET allows high-resolution <i>in vivo</i> tracking of labeled cells for 1-2 weeks after cell transfer both in mice and non-human primates. These results provide a strong rationale for the clinical translation of <sup>89</sup>Zr-oxine PET-based imaging of cell-based therapy.
Phenothiazine-Induced Hyperglycemia: Relation to CNS and Adrenal Effects (1971)

SummaryThe ability of 4 phenothiazines to induce hyperglycemia, to decrease motor activity in mice, and to release catecholamines from isolated bovine adrenals, were not well correlated. Fluphenazine produced the greatest CNS depression with a minimal hyperglycemia. Chlorpromazine produced the greatest hyperglycemia but was not the best releasing agent in isolated adrenals. It appears that the hyperglycemic action of the phenothiazines may be minimized without sacrificing CNS activity by selecting the appropriate derivative. Variation in extra-adrenal effects on blood sugar may explain the lack of correlation between production of hyperglycemia and adrenal catecholamine release by the phenothiazines studied.
“Apraxia” of eyelid opening (1985)

Apraxia of lid opening was described by Goldstein and Cogan as "a non paralytic motor abnormality characterized by the patient's difficulty in initiating the act of lid elevation." We studied six such patients with this finding accompanied by vigorous frontalis contraction and no evidence of ongoing orbicularis oculi contraction, dysfunction of the oculomotor nerve, or loss of ocular sympathetic innervation. Four patients had Parkinson's disease or atypical parkinsonism, one had progressive supranuclear palsy, and one had Shy-Drager syndrome. At onset of ocular symptoms, mean age was 64 years, and the mean duration of extrapyramidal symptoms was 9.7 years. By definition, the motor system must be intact in any apraxia. Therefore, this disorder of lid opening in patients with extrapyramidal motor dysfunction is not an apraxia, but rather involuntary levator palpebrae inhibition of supranuclear origin.
Construction and evaluation of a<i>cea-lacZ</i>gene fusion for the detection of environmental mutagens and carcinogens (1991)

The cea-kil operon of the ColE1 plasmid is negatively regulated by the LexA-repressor and therefore, it is under the control of SOS regulation. We constructed a gene fusion between the cea and lacZ genes. Expression of the translational fusion can be easily detected by monitoring the levels of β-galactosidase. Since the whole detection system is plasmid-based, it can be used in both Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium strains. The SOS-function-inducing activities of 14 chemical mutagens were investigated in E. coli K12 and in two S. typhimurium Ames-strains and compared with results obtained by the SOS-chromotest and by the Umu-test. To correct for the inhibitory effects of test chemicals on mRNA and/or protein synthesis, the level of the constitutive chloramphenicol acetyl transferase was assayed in parallel.