gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Technical Note: Inhibition of Stress Corrosion in Type 304 Stainless Steel by Lithium Silicate (1969)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share MailTo Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation M. L. HOLZWORTH, A. E. SYMONDS; Inhibition of Stress Corrosion in Type 304 Stainless Steel by Lithium Silicate. CORROSION 1 July 1969; 25 (7): 287–288. doi: https://doi.org/10.5006/0010-9312-25.7.287 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest Search
Effect of Reactive Element Oxide Coatings on the High Temperature Oxidation Behavior of a FeCrAl Alloy (1992)

Thin coatings of nitrate‐converted oxides of Y, Zr, Hf, Ce, La, Ca, and Al have been applied to the surface of a Fe‐18 weight percent (w/o) Cr‐5 w/o Al alloy by hot‐dipping. The influence of these coatings on the oxidation behavior of the alloy was studied at 1100 and 1200°C. Results were also compared with the oxidation of a 1 w/o Hf‐containing alloy of the same base composition, with or without the application of selected coatings. It was found that all of the coated samples, apart from that coated with aluminum oxide, developed extremely convoluted scales. Oxide ridges several times larger than those formed on the untreated alloy developed at the oxidation temperature. These convoluted scales showed good spallation resistance after isothermal testing, but failed under thermal cyclic conditions. A thin layer of sulfur was found everywhere at the scale/alloy interface. The primary effect of the surface coatings was to increase the number of buckles in the oxide at the early stage of oxidation. Growth of the buckled oxide into large ridges took place by way of aluminum vapor phase transport and oxide lateral growth. The results are discussed in relation to the effect of reactive elements in improving scale adhesion, and it is suggested that the mechanisms governing this effect may be different for and for alloys.
Fiscal decentralization and intergovernmental relations in transition economics : toward a systematic framework of analysis (1993)

The decentralization of government in Eastern Europe represents a reaction both from below (to tight central political control) and from above (to privatize the economy and relieve the central government's fiscal stress). In all transitional economies, the developing structure of intergovernmental relations is intimately related to such critical policy issues as privatization, stabilization, and the social safety net. In the fiscal sphere, tax reform, deficit control, and intergovernmental finance are a tripod. Unless each leg is set up properly, the whole structure could collapse. The present strategy of devolving expenditures downward while holding back on revenue flows and transfers to balance the central budget is unlikely to succeed for more than a year or two at best. Net spending reductions at the subnational level may be difficult to achieve. From 10 to 40 percent of outlays go to the subnational sector, and in many countries local governments provide much of the social safety that makes the pain of the economic transition politically tolerable. And, most housing and many enterprises have been shifted to local ownership, with the maintenance and subsidy cost this implies. Since the revenue sources assigned to local governments cannot finance expected levels of local activity, the result of shifting spending downward is likely to be strong demands for increased, rather than decreased, transfers. Alternatively, subnational government may look to coping mechanisms such as holding on to their enterprises (which provide vital social services), developing extrabudgetary revenues, or borrowing. These coping mechanisms threaten privatization, reduce budgetary transparency, and impede stabilization policies. The authors describe the risks to privatization, to macroeconomic stability, and to an adequate social safety net that present policies toward local government may imply. Its themes are that the subnational sector needs to be more realistically factored into national plans - and that subnational expenditures be more clearly assigned and revenue needs more realistically assessed. Such assessments are likely to acknowledge a larger sphere for subnational governments and the need for access to more robust revenue sources. Giving local government a share in the personal income tax is one possible and perhaps desirable approach to meeting these revenues needs. Careful attention needs to be paid to the design and implementation of the intergovernmental fiscal transfers likely to remain prominent features of the intergovernmental landscape for years to come. Caution is also needed on borrowing by subnational government. Consolidating and integrating extrabudgetary funds at the subnational (and national) levels is crucial to enhanced budgetary transparency and macrostability.
Characteristics of Domestic and Imported Red Wines (2008)

This study was conducted to evaluate quality of domestic wines, with a long-tenn goal of improving their quality. We compared the characteristics of 19 domestic and imported red wines. The titratable acidity of imported wines ranged from 0.5-0.6% and that of domestic wines ranged from 0.4-0.8%. The sugar content of domestic wines ranged from 4-10% whereas all imported wines had a sugar content below 1.0%. Red color value and tannin contents were generally high in imported wines and some domestic wines had similar tannin levels. For ratio of total sulfite contents below 10 mg/L, domestic wines were higher with 36.8% than imported wines with 5%. Volatile acid contents were higher in domestic wines than in imported wines, which may be due to contamination of domestic wines by acetic acid bacteria.
An adaptive motion vector composition algorithm for frame skipping video transcoding (2004)

Frame skipping transcoding involves periodically dropping certain incoming frames to reduce the bit rate of the outgoing stream, thereby causing many motion vectors extracted from the incoming stream to be invalid. Instead of recalculating these invalid motion vectors, a number of techniques recompose the vectors by using the incoming information to reduce computational complexity. Reducing computational complexity is the key to real time operation. In this paper we propose an enhanced parametric activity dominant vector selection (PADVS) algorithm that reduces the overall computational complexity significantly, while retaining and even improving image quality.
gamma-Aminobutyric acid (Gaba) and the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia (1977)

gamma-Aminobutyric acid (Gaba) has been shown to influence dopamine activity in the brain. The author suggests that Gaba could be involved in the hypothesized dopamine hyperactivity in schizophrenia. He discusses pharmacological interventions that may raise Gaba-mediated function in the brain and states that further development of Gaba analogues seems clearly indicated. It is conceivable, he concludes, that these compounds could enhance the antipsychotic activity of dopamine receptor blockers, which could lead to the use of lower doses and therefore fewer extrapyramidal side effects.
Ontology based Semantic Indexing Approach for Information Retrieval System (2012)

This paper shows how the gap between the texts based web pages and the Resource Descriptive Framework based pages of the semantic web can be bridged by ontologies. Most traditional search engines use indexes that are engineered at the syntactical level and come back hits based mostly on straightforward string comparisons or use the static keyword based indexing. However, the indexes don't contain synonyms, cannot differentiate between homonyms ("mouse" as a Pointing device vs. "Mouse" as a living animal) and users receive completely different search results after they use different conjugation varieties of identical word. During this work, we have a tendency to gift a system that uses ontologies and Natural Language Processing techniques to construct index, and therefore supports word sense disambiguation. Therefore the retrieval of document that contains equivalent term as the context demands is achieved to provide efficient search engines through ontological indexing.
자동 구두점 삽입을 이용한 Rich Transcription 생성 (2007)

A punctuation generation system which combines prosodic information with acoustic and language model information is presented. Experiments have been conducted first for the reference text transcriptions. In these experiments, prosodic information was shown to be more useful than language model information. When these information sources are combined, an F-measure of up to 0.7830 was obtained for adding punctuation to a reference transcription. This method of punctuation generation can also be applied to the 1-best output of a speech recogniser. The 1-best output is first time aligned. Based on the time alignment information, prosodic features are generated. As in the approach applied in the punctuation generation for reference transcriptions, the best sequence of punctuation marks for this 1-best output is found using the prosodic feature model and an language model trained on texts which contain punctuation marks.
The Palynology of Some Tertiary and Pleistocene Deposits, Lachlan River Valley, New South Wales (1973)

Material from Ivanhoe (Eocene-0ligocene) and the Cowra-Forbes district of the Lachlan River valley (both Upper Pliocene? and Pleistocene?) has yielded almost 100 fossil species of spores and pollen. Where possible, they have been identified with living genera and classified according to a natural system. If the natural affinities are unknown, they have been assigned to form-genera and classified according to an artificial system. About one-quarter can be identified with living genera and twothirds can be placed in a family.
Equivalent<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>D</mml:mi><mml:mo mathvariant="bold">=</mml:mo><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:math>Supergravity Amplitudes from Double Copies of Three-Algebra and Two-Algebra Gauge Theories (2013)

We show that three-dimensional supergravity amplitudes can be obtained as double copies of either three-algebra super-Chern-Simons matter theory or two-algebra super-Yang-Mills theory when either theory is organized to display the color-kinematics duality. We prove that only helicity-conserving four-dimensional gravity amplitudes have nonvanishing descendants when reduced to three dimensions, implying the vanishing of odd-multiplicity S-matrix elements, in agreement with Chern-Simons matter theory. We explicitly verify the double-copy correspondence at four and six points for N = 12,10,8 supergravity theories and discuss its validity for all multiplicity.
A Convenient Synthesis of Simple Tetrahydroisoquinolines (1984)

Abstract Various simple tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids (Ia, b, c, IIa and IIIa, b, c) have been synthesized by the reaction of appropriate arylethylamines with paraformaldehyde or formaldehyde in formic acid.
Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology (1992)

The new edition begins with the basic aspects of cardiac electrophysiology in adults and children, and proceeds to cover all aspects of pacemaker implantation for the management of cardiac arrhythmias. It emphasizes the clinical use of pacemakers, rather than hardware or basic sciences. It also covers in depth antiarrhythmic agents and catheter ablation techiques. Over 50 recognised authorities contribute to this comprehensive and critical review.
Reduction of hysteretic propagation delay with less performance degradation by novel body contact in PD SOI application (2002)

A novel body contacted PDSOI MOSFET with double gate oxide integration at the body contact region is successfully demonstrated. It suppresses floating body effects without adding substantial gate loading capacitance in the body contact region, thus minimizing circuit performance degradation from the body contact region.
Elimination of subband-coding artifacts using the dithering technique (2002)

Subband image coding produces several types of artifacts, including contouring and ringing. We use the dithering technique to remove these artifacts. By dithering the subband signals, we can replace signal-dependent artifacts with signal-independent white noise which is less annoying to human eyes. The subjective quality of the coded images is hence improved. In addition, signal-independent white noise can be easily removed by existing noise-reduction methods. The dithering technique can also be applied to transform coding, including the discrete cosine transform, to remove the blocking artifact. Experiment results that illustrate the effectiveness of dithering are given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A comprehensive database of high-throughput sequencing-based RNA secondary structure probing data (Structure Surfer) (2016)

In total, Structure Surfer provides an easy-to-use database and visualization interface for allowing users to interrogate the currently available transcriptome-wide RNA secondary structure information for mammals.
The voyage of stem cell toward terminal differentiation: a brief overview (2012)

Presently, worldwide attempts are being made to apply stem cells and stem cell-derived products to a wide range of clinical applications and for the development of cell-based therapies. In order to harness stem cells and manipulate them for therapeutic application, it is very important to understand the basic biology of stem cells and identify the factors that govern the dynamics of these cells in the body. Several signaling pathways have emerged as key regulators of stem cells. Some of these signaling pathways regulate the stem cell's proliferative capacity and therefore act as direct regulators of the stem cell, whereas others are involved in shaping and maintaining the stem cell niche and therefore act as indirect regulators of the stem cell. It is difficult to identify which signaling pathways critically affect the stem cell's behavior and which are important for maintaining the quiescent population. A stem cell receives different extrinsic signals compared with the bulk population and responds to them differently. In order to manipulate these adult cells for therapeutic approaches it is crucial to identify how signaling pathways regulate stem cells either directly by regulating proliferative status or indirectly by influencing the niche. The main challenge is to identify whether different factors provide diverse extrinsic signals to the stem cell and its daughter cell population, or whether there are intrinsic differences in stem cell and daughter cell populations that is reflected in their behavior. In this study, we will focus on the various aspects of stem cell biology and differentiation, as well as exploring the potential strategies to intervene the differentiation process in order to obtain the desired yield of cells applicable in regenerative medicine.
Efficient metering schemes with pricing (2001)

In order to decide on advertisement fees for Web servers, Naor and Pinkas (see Proc. Advances in Cryptology-EUROCRYPT'98 (Lecture Notes in Computer Science). New York: Springer-Verlag, vol.1403, p.576-590, 1998) introduced metering schemes. They proposed metering schemes in which any server is able to compute a proof to be sent to an audit agency if and only if it has been visited by at least a certain number, say h, of clients. In such schemes, any server which has been visited by less than h clients has no information about the proof; consequently, it does not receive any money from the audit agency. In order to have a more flexible payment system, Blundo, De Bonis, and Masucci (see Proc. 4th Int. Symp. Distributed Computing-2000 (Lecture Notes in Computer Science). New York: Springer-Verlag, vol.1914, p.194-208,2000) introduced metering schemes with pricing. These schemes allow different rates of payments based on the number of visits that each server has received. In this paper, we are interested in the efficiency of metering schemes with pricing. We propose a new model for metering schemes with pricing and we provide lower bounds on the size of the information distributed to clients and servers, and on the number of random bits needed by the audit agency to set up a metering scheme with pricing. These bounds are tight, as we provide a scheme which achieves them with equality. Compared to the scheme presented by Blundo, De Bonis, and Masucci, our scheme distributes less information to clients and servers. The drawback of our scheme is that it requires servers to interact with the audit agency in order to compute their proofs.
Far-Infrared Magnetic Resonance in CoF2, NiF2, KNiF3, and YbIG (1963)

The far-infrared transmission spectra of a variety of magnetic insulators have been measured using the techniques of Fourier-transformation interferometry. Antiferromagnetic resonance has been observed for the first time in CoF2, NiF2, and KNiF3, and the ferrimagnetic resonance in YbIG has been found near 0°K. The temperature dependences of these resonances have been measured and, in the case of the iron-group fluorides, the results are compared with the Zener theory for the temperature dependence of the anisotropy energy. Resonances previously found by other investigators in YbIG, MnF2, MnO, and NiO have been observed with (in most cases) improved precision.
A New Tomato-Infecting Tospovirus from Iran (2005)

ABSTRACT A new tospovirus species serologically distinct from all other established tospoviruses was found in tomato in Iran. Typical disease symptoms observed include necrotic lesions on the leaves and yellow ring spots on the fruits, hence the name Tomato yellow ring virus (TYRV) was proposed. The S RNA of this virus was cloned and its 3,061 nucleotide long sequence showed features characteristic for tospoviral S RNA segments. The nucleocapsid (N) protein with a predicted Mr of 30.0 kDa showed closest relationship to the N protein of Iris yellow spot virus (74% sequence identity).
A comparison between 2% and 4% sodium cromoglycate eye drops in the treatment of vernal keratoconjunctivitis (1982)

Two per cent and 4% solutions of sodium cromoglycate eye drops were compared in patients with bilateral vernal keratoconjunctivitis. No difference in efficacy between the two solutions could be detected on the analysis of diary card scores or clinical assessments. The opinions of efficacy and treatment preferences recorded by patients and clinician at the end of the trial were very similar for each solution. Side effects were generally minor, usually relating to stinging following application of the eye drops.
Haemoglobin colour scale for anaemia diagnosis where there is no laboratory: a systematic review (2005)

The HCS may improve anaemia diagnosis where there is no laboratory, but there is a need for policy-relevant diagnostic research which is pragmatic, implementation-focused and assesses clinical outcomes. This requires a different approach and research skill-mix from efficacy studies.
Représentation, écriture et cliché dans la genèse d'Impressions d'Afrique (2016)

Cet article se propose d'étudier l'usage que Raymond Roussel fait de la langue dans les brouillons d'Impressions d'Afrique. Le choix de l'auteur s'est porté sur des passages cruciaux des avant-textes de ce roman où l'élaboration d'une écriture va de pair avec l'élaboration d'un système de représentation. Au cœur de l'article, est abordée la question du stéréotype, du style et de la représentation d'un univers aréférentiel recherché par Roussel.
RNA-mediated gene regulation system: Now and the future (Review) (2002)

The discovery of RNA-mediated gene regulation system has brought human beings another big surprise on the wisdom and power of nature. Nature can not only create genetic codes with 4 nucleotides and produce proteins with 21 amino acids, but also control their intermediates, mRNAs, with double-stranded RNA molecules composed of approximately 22 nt. It has been clear that approximately 22 nt dsRNAs can specifically and efficiently modulate gene expression through sequence-specific targeting thus silencing of RNA. This system promises to be an excellent model for the identification of gene functions and the exploitation of gene expression and phenotype alteration, and a promising way for the prevention and treatment of human diseases.
Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Flip Chip Package with Au Stud Bump (2013)

The Au stud bumps offer a low cost flip chip solution for low I/O (input/output) count ICs and fine pitch packaging applications. The thermo-mechanical reliability of the flip chip package with Au stud bump was investigated in this study. Flip chip solder joints were fabricated using the Au stud bumps and Sn surface finish. And two different types of reliability test was done with and without the underfill process. Isothermal aging study was performed to investigate the formation and growth of the intermetallic compound (IMC) layer at the solder/metallization interface. The micro structural change of the Au stud solder joints were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Results showed that before aging for 250 h, AuSn4 and (Cu,Au)3Sn IMC formed and after aging for 250 h Cu3Sn IMC formed and grew as the aging time got longer. Effect on the mechanical reliability of the Au stud solder joints was also studied using shear (bonding) tester, and the temperature cycle test was chosen for the thermo-mechanical reliability evaluation of the Au stud solder joints.
Behavioral assessments of two drug combinations for oral sedation. (1993)

This study compares the efficacy of two drug regimens used for oral sedation in pediatric dental patients: chloral hydrate (50 mg/kg)/promethazine (1 mg/kg) and meperidine (1 mg/kg)/promethazine (1 mg/kg). Twenty-four pediatric dental patients, ASA Class I, were evaluated in this double-blind, randomized study. The patients ranged in age from 18 to 48 months. Each dental procedure under sedation was videotaped and rated independently by two raters. Intraoperative ratings of sleep, movement, crying, an overall behavior score for each treatment interval, and an overall behavior score for each sedation were also evaluated. No treatment was aborted for either regimen. In all cases, chloral hydrate/promethazine sedations had significantly better results for sleep (P = 0.0001), movement (P = 0.0168), crying (P = 0.0041), and overall behavior score (P = 0.0186) for the sedations compared to meperidine/promethazine sedations. Although chloral hydrate/promethazine sedations produced significantly better results, clinically, both drug regimens were equally effective.
Heuristics based on unit propagation for satisfiability problems (1997)

The paper studies new unit propagation based heuristics for Davis-Putnam-Loveland (DPL) procedure. These are the novel combinations of unit propagation and the usual &amp;quot;Maximum Occurrences in clauses of Minimum Size &amp;quot; heuristics. Based on the experimental evaluations of di erent alternatives a new simple unit propagation based heuristic is put forward. This compares favorably with the heuristics employed in the current state-of-the-art DPL implementations (C-SAT, Tableau, POSIT). 1