gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Structure of the Alcohol Obtained by the Hydration of Myrcene (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Structure of the Alcohol Obtained by the Hydration of MyrceneWilliam J. Houlihan, Joseph Levy, and Josef MayerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1959, 81, 17, 4692–4694Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01526a061https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01526a061research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views247Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Expression of p16 and lack of pRB in primary small cell lung cancer (1999)

The retinoblastoma protein (pRB), p16, and cyclin D1 are major components of the RB pathway, which controls the G1 checkpoint of the cell cycle. Proper regulation of this pathway is crucial for normal cell proliferation. Abnormal forms of these proteins have been found in various types of malignant tumours. In the present report, immunohistochemical techniques were applied to study the expression of pRB, p16, and cyclin D1 in 161 samples of primary small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and 20 samples of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). While pRB and cyclin D1 staining was negative in 161 specimens of SCLC, expression of p16 was observed in 153 samples. In contrast to SCLC, 16 out of 20 NSCLC cases exhibited pRB expression and 15 showed cyclin D1 expression, but only very weak p16 staining was found in five samples. These observations could provide additional criteria for the distinction between SCLC and NSCLC. Furthermore, these findings, based on primary tissues, implicate different mechanisms in the tumourigenesis of SCLC and NSCLC.
New high performance parallel bonded fine enamelled wire for hard disk drive head (2003)

Data are presented characterizing high-performance parallel bonded fine enamelled wires which have been applied to HDD (hard disk drive) heads. This wire (OFC 2P-UEWB(RG)SL) is shown to be superior in mechanical strength, electrical insulation properties, and high-frequency characteristics to the single wire which has been widely used for HDD heads. This parallel wire has the same clean solderability, chemical resistance, and thermal life as single wire. In addition, the parallel wire has excellent automatic windability, and it has better hand-windability than single wire. Special oxygen-free copper-type parallel bonded wire (AOFC 2P-UEWB(RG)SL) is very suitable for finer size wire.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Rac Activator Tiam1 Is a Wnt-responsive Gene That Modifies Intestinal Tumor Development (2005)

Mutations in the canonical Wnt signaling pathway leading to its activation are known to cause the majority of intestinal tumors. However, few genes targeted by this pathway have been demonstrated to affect tumor development in vivo. Here we show that Tiam1, a selective Rac GTPase activator, is a Wnt-responsive gene expressed in the base of intestinal crypts and up-regulated in mouse intestinal tumors and human colon adenomas. Moreover, by comparing tumor development in APC mutant Min (multiple intestinal neoplasia) mice expressing or lacking Tiam1, we found that Tiam1 deficiency significantly reduces the formation and growth of polyps in vivo. However, invasion of malignant intestinal tumors is enhanced by a lack of Tiam1. In line with this, knock-down of Tiam1 reduced the growth potential of human colorectal cancer cells and their ability to form E-cadherin-based adhesions, a prerequisite for local invasion of tumor cells. Our data indicate a novel cross-talk between Tiam1-Rac and canonical Wnt-signaling pathways that influences intestinal tumor formation and progression.
Semi-active dampling in automotive systems: design-by-simulation (2002)

The article describes the design and implementation of semi-active suspensions for trucks. The main objective of semi-active suspension design is decreasing road damage. The feedback laws for the semi-active dampers are designed by simulation and parameter optimisation. The performance predicted by the simulation experiments is verified for two real vehicles - a platform truck and tractor semi-trailer combination. The simulation experiments as well as the field measurements indicate the semi-active damping as a concept for producing more road friendly heavy-duty vehicles.
Modal Analysis of Vegetable Transplanter’s Mounting Headstock Based on ANSYS (2012)

Mounting headstock is an important part of the vegetable transplanting machine, its strength directly affects the machine's performance. The modal analysis of three types of headstocks while lifting and lowering implement were carried out with ANSYS finite element analysis software, the natural vibration characteristics including natural frequency, damping ratio and modal vibration mode of each particular mode without external interference were obtained, The comparison among the three structures was conducted and it may provide a theoretical basis for the structure design of the mounting headstock of vegetable transplanting machine .
Persistent Current Analysis of Superconducting Coils in an Electrodynamic Suspension System. (1994)

In a superconductive electrodynamic suspension system, superconducting coils experience space harmonic magnetic field generated by induced current in the levitation coils installed along the guideway. Current in a superconducting coils varies to keep the total magnetic flux constant when the coil is exposed in an external magnetic field. However, superconducting coil current was treated as constant in the conventional analysis, because the electromagnetic
The Use of Vanadium Modified Materials for Reactor Fabrication (2005)

Vanadium modified 2 1/4Cr-1Mo and 3Cr-1Mo alloys used for the fabrication of hydroprocessing reactors offer a number of important advantages over the corresponding conventional alloys. These include increased resistance to hydrogen attack, a lower susceptibility to temper embrittlement, increased resistance to weld overlay disbonding and higher strength resulting in thinner and lighter reactors. Since the first vanadium modified 3Cr-1Mo reactors first went into service in the early 1990’s, vanadium modified alloys have gained acceptance and today more than one hundred and forty vanadium modified reactors and pressure vessels have been placed in service and are operating in severe process environments. Despite the excellent benefits of these materials, they also exhibit less desirable characteristics such as reduced weldability, higher hardnesses in the base metal, weld metal and heat affected zones and the need for higher post weld heat treatment (PWHT) temperatures. Additionally, these materials have a reduced notch toughness at lower temperatures especially in the as welded condition and require intermediate stress relieving (ISR) in lieu of dehydrogenation treatment (DHT) in restrained and highly stressed joints such as nozzle to shell and head welds. These materials also require extra care and effort to be taken during fabrication. The paper presents a serious weld metal cracking problem that occurred with vanadium modified materials during the installation of a nozzle in a restrained and highly stressed weld when only DHT was performed instead of the more beneficial ISR. This fabrication problem is provided as a typical example of problems that can occur during fabrication with vanadium modified materials, and points out that additional care must be taken during fabrication when using these materials. The paper identifies the main causes for the cracking using information based upon mechanical, metallurgical and stress analyses and suggests steps that may be taken to circumvent similar reoccurrences.
Cost-Effective Management of Isolated Facial Fractures (2004)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the subset of costs incurred for surgical treatment of isolated midface and mandible fractures of patients admitted directly from the emergency department compared with those admitted as outpatients after evaluation and discharge from the emergency department. After institutional review board approval, the records of patients admitted to Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center were studied retrospectively for patients who underwent surgical repair of an isolated facial fracture between July 1, 1999 and June 30, 2000. Patients were placed into one of two groups: admission from the emergency department versus admission as an out-patient. Total hospital charges were compared, and complications were evaluated. Mechanism of injury, age, and gender were recorded within each group. Forty-two patients met the study criteria. Twenty-eight patients were admitted directly from the emergency department (Group A), and 14 were admitted as outpatients after elective scheduling for operative repair (Group B). Operative charges based on utilization of time and materials showed no statistical significance between Group A (P = 0.275) and Group B (P = 0.393). Patients admitted directly from the emergency department had a mean hospital charge of 3,556.66 dollars higher (P< or = 0.001) and stayed 2 days longer in the hospital as compared with the outpatient group. No differences were noted in complications between the study groups. The results of this study reveal a significant decrease in cost for patients with isolated facial fractures admitted as outpatients on scheduling surgery as compared with immediate admission from the emergency department.
Effect of Water Content on Stress Aging of Nylon 6–10 (1971)

The kinetics of stress aging are markedly increased by H2O additions to nylon. This increase in rate is taken as evidence that the aging process takes place in amorphous regions of the polymer. The breakup of the stress-aged structure is also greatly accelerated by H2O. The activation enthalpy ΔH* and shear activation volume V* for breakup are constant up to ∼0.7 wt% H2O, and then decrease to about one-half their dry values at ∼2.0 wt% H2O. These changes in the activation parameters are consistent with the activated step in breakup being the synchronous shear of stress-induced microcrystals, the size of microcrystals which nucleate during stress aging being limited by the average spacing between H2O molecules in the amorphous regions.
LiCoO2 catalyst for diesel particulate abatement (2005)

Abstract This paper concerns the development of a LiCoO2 catalyst which shows appreciable activity towards the catalytic combustion of soot already at 300 °C. An in situ combustion synthesis method was then tailored to the preparation of a LiCoO2-catalysed trap based on a silicon carbide wall-flow monolith. Engine bench tests on this catalytic trap (trap loading with soot and then its regeneration induced by a temperature rise entailed by catalytic combustion of post-injected fuel) showed that the presence of the catalyst in the wall-flow trap enables both a more complete regeneration (78% opposed to just 52% of the non-catalytic trap) and a reduction of the regeneration time, with consequent saving of post-injected fuel.
Multi-class cancer classification via partial leastsquares with gene expression profiles (2002)

dnguyen@stat.tamu.edu; dmrocke@ucdavis.edu
Production of Nucleic Acid-Related Substances by Fermentative Processes (1969)

Growth responses of Brevibacterium ammoniagenes ATCC 6872, capable of accumulating purine nucleotides, were investigated by the use of completely defined media. (1) Casamino acids required for its growth could be replaced by a mixture of L-histidine, L-homoserine, glycine, D, L-alanine and L-lysine. Acompletely defined medium for mucleotide productions was thus established by the use of this mixture. (2) High levels of phosphate inhibited growth markedly, and this inhibition was overcome by the simultaneous addition 1) of hign levels of Mg2+ and 2) of Mn2+, 3) pantothenate and 4) thiamine. Ca2+ had also a stimulatory effect on the growth. Therefore, a clear growth response to Mn2+ levels and the requirement of the two vitamins for growth emerged only under the conditions of high phophate and magnesium salts. These 4 factors were found entirely the same as factors essential for nucleotide accumulations by Br. ammoniagenes.
An integrated multiscale, multicellular skin model (2019)

ABSTRACT Skin is our primary barrier to the outside world, protecting us from physical, biological and chemical threats. Developing innovative products that preserve and improve skin barrier function requires a thorough understanding of the mechanisms underlying barrier response to topical applications. In many fields, computer simulations already facilitate understanding, thus accelerating innovation. Simulations of software models allow scientists to test hypothesized mechanisms by comparing predicted results to physical observations. They also enable virtual product optimization, without physical experiments, once mechanisms have been validated. The physical accessibility and abundant knowledge of skin structure makes it a prime candidate for computational modeling. In this article, we describe a computational multiscale multicellular skin model used to simulate growth and response of the epidermal barrier. The model integrates several modeling styles and mathematical frameworks including ordinary differential equations, partial differential equations, discrete agent-based modeling and discrete element methods. Specifically, to capture cell biology and physical transport, we combined four distinct sub-models from existing literature. We also implemented methods for elastic biomechanics. Our software implementation of the model is compatible with the high-performance computing simulation platform Biocellion. The integrated model recapitulates barrier formation, homeostasis and response to environmental, chemical and mechanical perturbation. This work exemplifies methodology for integrating models of vastly different styles. The methodology enables us to effectively build on existing knowledge and produce “whole-system” tissue models capable of displaying emergent properties. It also illustrates the inherent technical difficulties associated with the mounting complexity of describing biological systems at high fidelity. Among the challenges are validation of the science, the mathematical representations approximating the science and the software implementing these representations. Responsibility for a discrepancy observed between in silico and in vitro results may as easily lie at one of these three levels as at another, demanding that any sustainable modeling endeavor engage expertise from biology, mathematics and computing.
Interim Report on Identification of Candidate Thin Film Ceramics to Test for Viability for Static Strain Sensor Development (2006)

Since its founding, NASA has been dedicated to the advancement of aeronautics and space science. The NASA Scientific and Technical Information (STI) program plays a key part in helping NASA maintain this important role. The NASA STI Program operates under the auspices of the Agency Chief Information Officer. It collects, organizes, provides for archiving, and disseminates NASA’s STI. The NASA STI program provides access to the NASA Aeronautics and Space Database and its public interface, the NASA Technical Reports Server, thus providing one of the largest collections of aeronautical and space science STI in the world. Results are published in both non-NASA channels and by NASA in the NASA STI Report Series, which includes the following report types: • TECHNICAL PUBLICATION. Reports of completed research or a major significant phase of research that present the results of NASA programs and include extensive data or theoretical analysis. Includes compilations of significant scientific and technical data and information deemed to be of continuing reference value. NASA counterpart of peer-reviewed formal professional papers but has less stringent limitations on manuscript length and extent of graphic presentations. • TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM. Scientific and technical findings that are preliminary or of specialized interest, e.g., quick release reports, working papers, and bibliographies that contain minimal annotation. Does not contain extensive analysis.
Advances in Light Microscopy for Neuroscience (2009)

Since the work of Golgi and Cajal, light microscopy has remained a key tool for neuroscientists to observe cellular properties. Ongoing advances have enabled new experimental capabilities using light to inspect the nervous system across multiple spatial scales, including ultrastructural scales finer than the optical diffraction limit. Other progress permits functional imaging at faster speeds, at greater depths in brain tissue, and over larger tissue volumes than previously possible. Portable, miniaturized fluorescence microscopes now allow brain imaging in freely behaving mice. Complementary progress on animal preparations has enabled imaging in head-restrained behaving animals, as well as time-lapse microscopy studies in the brains of live subjects. Mouse genetic approaches permit mosaic and inducible fluorescence-labeling strategies, whereas intrinsic contrast mechanisms allow in vivo imaging of animals and humans without use of exogenous markers. This review surveys such advances and highlights emerging capabilities of particular interest to neuroscientists.
Three-Dimensional Analysis of SiC/SiC Composite Structures for Fusion Reactors (1993)

The structural analysis of a SiC/SiC composite first wall in a tokamak fusion reactor is explored using the finite element method. The analysis is done in three dimensions under thermal and pressure loads. The effect of the three-dimensional analysis on the results is compared with that for the two-dimensional analysis. The comparison indicates that for laminated SiC/SiC composite structures, the two-dimensional analysis, which ignores the effect of the stacking sequence of the laminate and the effect of the interlaminar shear stress, is insufficient for reactor design.
Analysis of the outer electromagnetic shield of a superconducting turbine-generator (1982)

With reference to a superconductive synchronous generator the iron losses in the outer shield are evaluated, using the vector potential algorithm and the Poisson-like equation. The numerical results are compared with those obtained by means of a finite elements program. The temperature distribution in the shield is also determined. The thickness of the iron yoke is then optimized introducing another conductive cylinder outside it. The optimization is done with reference to the overall Joule losses in the shielding system.
Antiproliferative effect of suramin on primary cultures of human pheochromocytomas and rat PC12 pheochromocytoma cells (1997)

Suramin may have potential as an antiproliferative drug in nonresectable pheochromocytoma.
Queuing with distortion-control for multimedia content (2002)

There are numerous contexts in which systems need to buffer multimedia signal content. If such a buffer overflows, signal data are lost in an uncontrolled manner, which can lead to large end-to-end distortions. However, if the queued signals are distortion-tolerant, overflows can be avoided, and significant performance gains realized, by reducing the fidelity of the signals in a gradual, controlled, manner. Based on ideas of successive-approximation source coding, we design an adaptive-buffering algorithm to minimize end-to-end distortion. This algorithm performs nearly as well as a performance bound on all possible algorithms. Perhaps most importantly, the algorithm's performance remains robust across a wide range of (unpredictable) utilization rates (input rate/output rate).
Chicken fetal antigen: example of an antigenically complex oncodevelopmental membrane glycoprotein. (1981)

CFA is a complex onco-developmental membrane marker system that is being investigated at the cellular, molecular, genetic and functional levels. CFA appears to be a family of genetically-determined carbohydrate side chains attached to a membrane-bound polypeptide chain. Unique combinations of the thirteen serologically detectable CFA determinants are expressed on erythroid and lymphoid cells of all avian species tested. Whether or not CFA determinants are hematopoietic specific markers remains to be established. The CFA determinants are proving to be useful membrane markers for the study of normal as well as neoplastic hematopoietic cellular differentiation. The probability that CFA determinants are differentiation-stage-specific markers for cells of both the erythroid and lymphoid series coupled with the observation that one of the CFA determinants acts as a cell membrane binding site for an arbovirus makes this antigen system a valuable tool for studying the cellular differentiation blockage hypothesis of neoplasia.
On the Internal Organization of Consumers' Cognitive Schemata (1989)

An operational definition for internal-based versus external-based schema variables via the tangible versus intangible dichotomy is provided. Using strings of one-word associations made in response to a verbal stimulus, the stochastic structure associated with the use of these variables is investigated. Analysis shows that a first-order Markov chain model which allows for dependence between two consecutive schema variables is more appropriate than a Bernoulli model in the description of the internal organization of cognitive schemata. The phenomena of “chunking” and tangible versus intangible dominance are expressed in the context of the parameters associated with a first-order Markov chain.