gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Insertional Mutagenesis of the <i>Drosophila</i> Genome with Single P Elements (1988)

A versatile genetic method for identifying and cloning Drosophila melanogaster genes affecting any recognizable phenotype is described. Strains are constructed in which the insertion of a single P transposable element has caused a new mutation, greatly simplifying the genetic and molecular analysis of the affected gene. Mutagenesis is initiated by crossing two strains, each of which contains a specially designed P element. One element (jumpstarter), encoding P element transposase, efficiently mobilizes the second nonautonomous transposon (mutator), whose structure facilitates selection and cloning of new insertion mutations. Random mutator transpositions are captured in individual stocks that no longer contain jumpstarter, where they remain stable. This method was used to construct 1300 single P element insertion stocks which were then screened for recessive mutations. A library of single-element insertion strains will allow the structure and function of Drosophila genes to be readily correlated, and should have many other applications in Drosophila molecular genetics.
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) to treat upper patellar tendinopathies (2012)

peer reviewed
Function materialization in object bases: design, realization, and evaluation (1994)

View materialization is a well-known optimization technique of relational database systems. We present a similar, yet more powerful, optimization concept for object-oriented data models: function materialization. Exploiting the object-oriented paradigm-namely, classification, object identity, and encapsulation-facilitates a rather easy incorporation of function materialization into (existing) object-oriented systems. Only those types (classes) whose instances are involved in some materialization are appropriately modified and recompiled, thus leaving the remainder of the object system invariant. Furthermore, the exploitation of encapsulation (information hiding) and object identity provides for additional performance tuning measures that drastically decrease the invalidation and rematerialization overhead incurred by updates in the object base. First, it allows us to cleanly separate the object instances that are irrelevant for the materialized functions from those that are involved in the materialization of some function result, and this to penalize only those involved objects upon update. Second, the principle of information hiding facilitates fine-grained control over the invalidation of precomputed results. Based on specifications given by the data type implementor, the system can exploit operational semantics to better distinguish between update operations that invalidate a materialized result and those that require no rematerialization. The paper concludes with a quantitative analysis of function materialization based on two sample performance benchmarks obtained from our experimental object base system GOM.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
ChemInform Abstract: MONO‐C‐ALKYLATION OF β‐DICARBONYL COMPOUNDS USING TETRAETHYLAMMONIUM FLUORIDE (1977)

Abstract Das Diketon (I) bildet mit Tetraäthylammoniumfluorid ein Solvat, das bei 30°C mit überschüssigem Methyljodid in Chloroform zu (II) monoalkyliert wird, Weitere β‐Dicarbonylverbindungen wie Pentan‐2,4‐dion, 1‐Phenylbutan‐1,3‐dion, Acetessigsäuremethyl‐ und ‐äthylester werden eingesetzt.
Guideline update for the performance of fusion procedures for degenerative disease of the lumbar spine. Part 13: Injection therapies, low-back pain, and lumbar fusion (2014)

The medical literature continues to fail to support the use of lumbar epidural injections for long-term relief of chronic back pain without radiculopathy. There is limited support for the use of lumbar epidural injections for shortterm relief in selected patients with chronic back pain. Lumbar intraarticular facet injections are not recommended for the treatment of chronic lower-back pain. The literature does suggest the use of lumbar medial nerve blocks for short-term relief of facet-mediated chronic lower-back pain without radiculopathy. Lumbar medial nerve ablation is suggested for 3-6 months of relief for chronic lower-back pain without radiculopathy. Diagnostic medial nerve blocks by the double-injection technique with an 80% improvement threshold are an option to predict a favorable response to medial nerve ablation for facet-mediated chronic lower-back pain without radiculopathy, but there is no evidence to support the use of diagnostic medial nerve blocks to predict the outcomes in these same patients with lumbar fusion. There is insufficient evidence to support or refute the use of trigger point injections for chronic lowerback pain without radiculopathy.
10 Gb/s Uncooled Dilute-Nitride Optical Transmitters Operating at 1.3 µm (2009)

Dilute-nitride lasers with record performances have been used to build uncooled transceivers and failure free 10 Gb/s optical transmission was achieved over 815 m of multimode Corning InfiniCor fiber under the LRM standard.
Proton-loaded zeolites. 1. HX(X = Cl, Br, I) in sodium zeolite Y archetype: packaged acids on the road to intrazeolite semiconductors (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProton-loaded zeolites. 1. HX(X = Cl, Br, I) in sodium zeolite Y archetype: packaged acids on the road to intrazeolite semiconductorsGeoffrey A. Ozin, Saim. Ozkar, and Galen D. StuckyCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 19, 7562–7571Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100382a047https://doi.org/10.1021/j100382a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views138Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Reactivity of a Disilyne RSi≡SiR (R = Si<i><sup>i</sup></i>Pr[CH(SiMe<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]<sub>2</sub>) toward π-Bonds:  Stereospecific Addition and a New Route to an Isolable 1,2-Disilabenzene (2007)

The reaction of 1,1,4,4-tetrakis[bis(trimethylsilyl)methyl]-1,4-diisopropyltetrasila-2-yne 1 with cis- and trans-butenes produced cis- and trans-3,4-dimethyl-1,2-disilacyclobutenes 2a and 2b, respectively. The reactions proceeded in a stereospecific manner. Theoretical calculations on the reaction between 1 and 2-butenes show that the reaction proceeds via the interaction between the LUMO (πin*) of 1 and the HOMO of 2-butene, resulting in a formal [1 + 2] cycloaddition to give the silacyclopropyl−silylene intermediate, followed by its ring expansion to produce the final product. The reaction of 1 with phenylacetylene produced 1,2-disilabenzene derivative as a mixture of the two regioisomers, one of them being characterized by X-ray crystallography. The six-membered ring of 1,2-disilabenzene of 3a is almost planar with an Si−Si bond length of 2.2018(18) Å and Si−C bond lengths of 1.804(4) and 1.799(5) Å.
Using active database techniques for real time engineering applications (2002)

An active database model for representing engineering design, simulation and monitoring applications is described. The physical aspects of these applications are modeled by structural objects. The functions of the application are modeled by functional objects. The interaction between structures and functions is modeled by interaction objects. Events relate structures and functions such that any state change will cause the functional model to compute the new consistent state of the application. Ways to model event correlation, event recall, and ways to define schemas for continuous systems are presented. A parallel computing architecture and a set of guidelines on task distributing that make the model applicable to real-time application are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Conductance of Copper m-Benzenedisulfonate, an Unassociated 2,2 Electrolyte, and Some Related Salts (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Conductance of Copper m-Benzenedisulfonate, an Unassociated 2,2 Electrolyte, and Some Related SaltsGordon Atkinson, Masatoki Yokoi, and Calvin J. HalladaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1961, 83, 7, 1570–1575Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01468a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01468a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views43Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Randomized Trial of Itraconazole Oral Solution for Oropharyngeal Candidiasis in HIV/AIDS Patients (1998)

Itraconazole oral solution is well tolerated and offers an alternative at least as effective as fluconazole in the treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis.
Possible Involvement of Phosphorylation of Occludin in Tight Junction Formation (1997)

Occludin is an integral membrane protein localizing at tight junctions in epithelial and endothelial cells. Occludin from confluent culture MDCK I cells resolved as several (>10) bands between 62 and 82 kD in SDS-PAGE, of which two or three bands of the lowest Mr were predominant. Among these bands, the lower predominant bands were essentially extracted with 1% NP-40, whereas the other higher Mr bands were selectively recovered in the NP-40-insoluble fraction. Alkaline phosphatase treatment converged these bands of occludin both in NP-40-soluble and -insoluble fractions into the lowest Mr band, and phosphoamino acid analyses identified phosphoserine (and phosphothreonine weakly) in the higher Mr bands of occludin. These findings indicated that phosphorylation causes an upward shift of occludin bands and that highly phosphorylated occludin resists NP-40 extraction. When cells were grown in low Ca medium, almost all occludin was NP-40 soluble. Switching from low to normal Ca medium increased the amount of NP-40-insoluble occludin within 10 min, followed by gradual upward shift of bands. This insolubilization and the band shift correlated temporally with tight junction formation detected by immunofluorescence microscopy. Furthermore, we found that the anti-chicken occludin mAb, Oc-3, did not recognize the predominant lower Mr bands of occludin (non- or less phosphorylated form) but was specific to the higher Mr bands (phosphorylated form) on immunoblotting. Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed that this mAb mainly stained the tight junction proper of intestinal epithelial cells, whereas other anti-occludin mAbs, which can recognize the predominant lower Mr bands, labeled their basolateral membranes (and the cytoplasm) as well as tight junctions. Therefore, we conclude that non- or less phosphorylated occludin is distributed on the basolateral membranes and that highly phosphorylated occludin is selectively concentrated at tight juctions as the NP-40-insoluble form. These findings suggest that the phosphorylation of occludin is a key step in tight junction assembly.
Pulse Response for High-Speed Nondestructive Readout in Ferroelectrics (1994)

Pulse responses for high-speed nondestructive readout in ferroelectrics have been studied using a ferroelectric lead zirconate titanate thin film as a memory capacitor. A critical pulse width t * , defined as the maximum of the pulse width for which the system returns to the initial polarization state after the removal of the applied pulse field, is found to exist, suggesting the possibility of a nondestructive readout in ferroelectric memory. The observed pulse responses are compared with those of circuit simulation.
Energetics of bcc-fcc lattice deformation in iron (1989)

The energetics of homogeneous bcc-fcc lattice deformation in iron at 0 K has been investigated along the tetragonal ``Bain'' deformation path. The total energy (as a function of volume), the enthalpy (as a function of pressure), the pressure-volume relations---both for nonmagnetic (NM) and ferromagnetic (FM) states---were calculated using the linear muffin-tin-orbital (LMTO) method. The ground-state magnetic properties (ferromagnetic contributions to the total energy and magnetic moments) were found by making use of the Stoner theory of itinerant ferromagnetism, rather than spin-polarized calculations. This circumvents the difficulties of using the traditional local-spin-density approximation which fails to describe correctly the energetics of iron phases. The Stoner exchange parameter I was calculated from the linear-response theory for each axial ratio c/a as a function of volume and then adjusted by a constant enhancement factor \ensuremath{\beta}, determined by fitting the equilibrium atomic volume of the FM bcc phase. No other adjustments of any quantities were performed. The calculations revealed a somewhat unusual behavior of enthalpy along the deformation path.The enthalpy of the NM phase exhibits a monotonic decrease with c/a, the bcc modification being unstable with respect to the shear deformation. Moreover, up to a certain c/a (depending on pressure), the NM bcc phase is also unstable with respect to spontaneous magnetization. Ferromagnetism stabilizes the bcc phase. However, the FM fcc phase is unstable with respect to shear deformation. The enthalphy curve along the deformation path then has a cusp corresponding to a first-order phase transition between FM and NM states accompanied by an appreciable volume discontinuity. For the FM bcc, the calculated bulk modulus (1.689 mbar) and the magnetic moment (2.223${\ensuremath{\mu}}_{B}$/atom) as well as the fcc-bcc enthalpy difference at zero pressure (6.947 kJ/mol) are in good agreement with available experimental data. A fcc-bcc lattice-deformation enthalpy barrier at the equilibrium pressure ${P}_{0}$=145 kbar is found to be 12.762 kJ/mol. The NM fcc lattice loses mechanical stability at a fcc-bcc enthalpy difference of -14.072 kJ/mol. As an aid to the development of improved interatomic potentials for iron, plots of FM contributions to the energy versus Wigner-Seitz radius for different c/a are also presented.
Induction of ovulation with pulsatile GnRH in hypothalamic amenorrhoea (1988)

Pulsatile administration of gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) is a very effective treatment for induction of ovulation in hypothalamic amenorrhoea (HA). Thirty-seven women have been treated for a total of 117 cycles which resulted in 42 pregnancies--four treatment failures occurred. If these cycles are excluded, the 42 pregnancies were obtained within 2.3 cycles. One twin pregnancy occurred and no hyperstimulation was observed. The treatment was administered intravenously with a dosage schedule based on the grading of HA. We concluded that pulsatile GnRH was safe and very successful in induction of pregnancy in HA. Other indications (polycystic ovary syndrome and luteal phase defect) remain much less suitable for this treatment.
The use of animals in research: counting the costs and the benefits (2004)

The Australian Code of Practice for the Care and Use of Animals for Scientific Purposes requires Animal Ethics Committees to assess the merits of any research proposal involving the use of sentient animals. As part of that assessment they should make a judgment as to whether or not the costs to the welfare of the experimental animals are outweighed by the benefits of the predicted experimental outcome (i.e. conduct a cost–benefit analysis). This paper describes one approach that has been proposed to assist Animal Ethics Committees to take all factors into account when making this judgment. When agricultural animals are used in research the potential benefits are usually measured in terms of improved health and welfare or increased productivity when the research outcomes are applied to other animals reared in agricultural enterprises. When the aim of a project is to improve the health and welfare of the animals (i.e. ‘animal benefit’), the benefits are usually obvious and counting the cost is straightforward even if the impact on the animals under experimentation is quite extreme (e.g. death as an unavoidable endpoint in a vaccination experiment). Where the benefits accrue solely in terms of increased productivity or economic gain (i.e. ‘human benefit’), then balancing the costs and the benefits can be more problematical because people’s personal beliefs and their orientation towards animal welfare influence their assessment. Economists indicate that it is not increased productivity per se that generates value but consumption. Therefore, consumer perceptions of any adverse impact that gains in productivity have on the welfare of farmed animals can play a significant role in determining the ultimate benefit (value) of a particular piece of research with the sole aim to increase production and economic gain. This paper will explore some postulated relationships between productivity and animal welfare which could influence consumer preferences and hence the cost–benefit analysis.
Enteroglial-derived S100B protein integrates bacteria-induced Toll-like receptor signalling in human enteric glial cells (2013)

Human EGC interact with bacteria and discriminate between pathogens and probiotics via a different TLR expression and NO production. In EGC, NO release is impaired in the presence of specific inhibitors of the TLR and S100B pathways, suggesting the presence of a novel common pathway involving both TLR stimulation and S100B protein upregulation.
Adaptive Gaussian filtering in routine ECG/VCG analysis (1986)

Different types of filters are used in systems for the analysis of electrocardiograms and/or vectorcardiograms. These filters are mostly locally used to enhance the relevant signal components in order to improve the performance of one or more subtasks or modules rather than to provide filtered signals to be used in the feature extraction and classification part of the system. Filters are also used in the module dealing with the recognition of onsets and endpoints of the major components in the ECG. This paper reviews the theoretical aspects of an adaptive Gaussian filter [1], and describes the modifications that were necessary to make this filter suitable for application in the waveform-recognition module. The efficiency of the filter is demonstrated with the aid of an internationally validated database of ECG's and VCG's.
Development Of A Precision Diamond Cutting Machine For Fabrication Of Asymmetrical Aspheric Mirrors (1988)

A high-precision, numerically controlled, diamond cutting machine has been developed for fabrication of asymmetrical aspheric mirrors, such as toroidal mirrors used in SOR optics. In this machine, a work-piece is securely fixed to a machine base, and its side face is cut by a flying single-point diamond tool. A tool spindle is laid on an X-Y slide, and its position is numerically controlled by using a laser interferometer. It is possible to fabricate a cylindrical surface by having the spindle-axis rotate slightly about an axis perpendicular to the X-Y slide. Furthermore, while the spindle is rotating, cutting-depth can be dynamically controlled by utilizing a piezo-actuator fixed to the diamond tool. The cutting-depth control is synchronized to the current rotation angle of the spindle, and cutting-depth data are numerically programmed as function of X-Y slide position. A suitable combination of these programmable figure parameters allows fabrication of asymmetrical aspheric mirrors. In order to achieve high figure accuracy, accurate straight motion is required with the X-Y slide. Therefore, straightness error compensation control is adopted, which incorporates a ZERODURE straightedge of 1m length and three optical-fiber gap sensors. The machine accepts a work-piece with maximum dimensions of 600mm length and 100mm width. A figure accuracy of 0.1 μm and surface roughness of 0.03μmRmax have been achieved.
Trifluoroacetic anhydride ring opening addition to cyclic ethers (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTrifluoroacetic anhydride ring opening addition to cyclic ethersMark A. Wuonola and William A. SheppardCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1971, 36, 23, 3640–3641Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00822a046https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00822a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views123Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts