gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Versatility of Reversed Phase Chromatographic Techniques on the Separation and Purification of Complex Glutathione Conjugates Mixtures from Synthetic Origin (1990)

Abstract Reversed phase chromatographic techniques have shown to be versatile and convenient tools for separation and purification of the cis [c-GSH 1 (3S, 4R) and c-GSH 2 (3R, 4S)] and trans [t-GSH 1 (3R, 4R) and t-GSH 2 (3S, 4S), see Figure la] diastereomeric pairs of adducts derived from the reaction of glutathione with 3,4-epoxyprecocene II (1), a model of bioactive epoxide. Combination of analytical and semipreparative HPLC, Sep-Pack cartridges and open column flash chromatography, enabled the separation and eventual isolation of the above compounds at microgram, milligram, or gram scales. In addition, an open column procedure has also been developed for easy removal of salts and water from eluates in the above separations.
Kinetics Of Palm Oil Cracking In Batch Reactor (2013)

The kinetics of palm oil catalytic cracking over aluminum containing mesoporous silica Al-MCM-41 (5% Al) was investigated in a batch autoclave reactor at the temperatures range of 573 – 673 K. The catalyst was prepared by using sol-gel technique and has been characterized by nitrogen adsorption and x-ray diffraction methods. Surface area of 1276 m2/g with average pore diameter of 2.54 nm and pore volume of 0.811 cm3/g was obtained. The experimental catalytic cracking runs were conducted using 50 g of oil and 1 g of catalyst. The reaction pressure was recorded at different time intervals and the data were analyzed using Levenberg- Marquardt (LM) algorithm using polymath software. The results show that the reaction order was found to be -1.5 and activation energy of 3200 J/gmol.
A Simplified Well Control Model for Horizontal Slimholes and Coiled Tubing Drilling (1996)

Abstract This paper presents the development of a simplified two-phase well control computer model to simulate gas kicks. The paper identifies key factors in the prediction of kick behavior based on a comparison between a fully implicit dynamic two-phase model and a single-phase model. The model also analyzes kick responses for directional and horizontal slimholes and wells drilled with coiled tubing. Directional and horizontal wells consider multiple build-up rates. This paper highlights the effect of homogeneous or locally high pressured horizontal wells and the effect of reeled coiled tubing. This paper also examines theoretical kill sheets for several well trajectories from vertical to horizontal and for coiled tubing drilling. Theoretical kill sheets are compared with conventional kill sheets. The simplified two-phase well control model developed in this study is reliable and stable. It can handle vertical, directional, and horizontal wells with multiple build-up rates and hold sections and does not have any numerical problems such as may occur with a dynamic two-phase well control model. For directional and horizontal wells with high build-up rates, choke pressure changes rapidly without much kick expansion because of vertical height change of the kick mixture as the kick moves through the curve. A conventional kill sheet is good enough for a conventional large diameter vertical well with uniform well geometry. However, a theoretical kill sheet should be used with some amount of over-pressure for directional, and horizontal wells, especially when those are slimhole wells or are drilled with coiled tubing.
Removing the time dependence in a rapidly oscillating Hamiltonian (1998)

Hamiltonian systems with rapidly oscillating explicit dependence on time are considered. The wavelength of this oscillation is treated as a small parameter and it is shown how to remove the time dependence up to some order in the small parameter by means of a canonical transformation presented in the form of an asymptotic series. The result has applications for the study of pulse propagation for high bit-rate transmission in optical fibres.
Estimation of dynamic petrophysical properties of water‐bearing sands invaded with oil‐base mud from multi‐physics borehole geophysical measurements (2010)

We develop and successfully test a new method to estimate permeability, capillary pressure, and relative permeability of water‐bearing sands invaded with oil‐base mud (OBM) from multi‐physics borehole geophysical measurements. The inferred petrophysical properties of water‐saturated sands are used for calibration of equivalent properties in hydrocarbon‐bearing sands within the same sedimentary sequence. Our estimation method simulates the process of invasion between OBM and water. We iteratively adjust porosity, permeability (mobility), capillary pressure, and relative permeability in the simulation of invasion until density, PEF, neutron, and resistivity logs are accurately reproduced with numerical simulations from post‐invasion radial distributions of water saturation. Examples of application include the cases of oil‐ and gas‐ bearing reservoirs that exhibit a complete capillary fluid transition between water at the bottom and hydrocarbon at irreducible water saturation at the top. We show that the estimated dynamic petrophysical properties in the waterbearing portion of the reservoirs are in agreement with the vertical variations of water saturation above the free water‐hydrocarbon contact, thereby validating our estimation method. Furthermore, we show that the radial distribution of water saturation inferred from resistivity and nuclear logs can be used for fluid‐substitution analysis of sonic compressional and shear logs.
Excessive damage increase in dual phase steels under high strain rates and temperatures (2020)

Damage formation in dual phase steels is a complex process and it may be sensitive to the deformation conditions and mechanisms. In this study, the damage parameter is measured and compared under quasi-static and industrial forming conditions (temperatures: 25 vs 200, 300°C and strain rates: 10 −3 vs 10 s −1 ) for DP590 and DP800 steels. Resonance frequency and ultrasonic sound velocity techniques are utilized for the measurements to test the effectiveness and validity of each technique. At a given strain, the damage values can be up to 700% higher at industrial forming conditions, under which dynamic strain aging (DSA) controls the deformation behavior. DSA results in lower formability and is the likely mechanism responsible from the abnormal damage evolution. Measured damage parameters are also confirmed with the void fraction characterization by microscopy, which also provided details on the void shape and distribution with respect to the deformation conditions.
The perception of vocal-tract length in cochlear implant users: Can it be improved? (2015)

When trying to understand a speaker among competing speakers, normal-hearing listeners take advantage of differences in the voices of the talkers. However, cochlear implant (CI) users do not seem to benefit from such voice differences. Roy D. Patterson's group in Cambridge has applied psychophysical methods to voice perception in order to isolate the acoustic cues that allow listeners to identify and segregate voices [e.g. Smith, Patterson, Turner, Kawahara and Irino, 2005, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., vol. 117, pp. 305–318]. In our group, we have extended these methods to CI listeners to fully characterize the limitations CI users experience in utilizing voice characteristics. More specifically, we have shown that while voice pitch (F0) is sufficiently salient through the implant to allow gender categorization, the perception of vocal-tract length (VTL) is severely degraded, leading to erroneous gender perception. With the help of acoustic simulations mimicking the CI processing, the potential factors explaining this lack of sensitivity for VTL were explored. Poor spectral resolution, spectral quantization, and spectral distortion were all found to affect VTL just-noticeable-differences. These results have yielded a number of potential solutions to improve VTL representation — and hence concurrent speech perception — in the implant.
Bacterial Flora of Seven Species of Fish Collected at Rongelap and Eniwetok Atolls (1962)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Application of support vector machines for T-cell epitopes prediction (2003)

Data for 203 synthesized peptides is available at http://linus.nci.nih.gov/Data/LAU203_Peptide.pdf
Novel layered silicate and microporous silica materials in the Na-magadiite–H2O–(TMA)2O system (2001)

Novel layered silicate and microporous silica materials have been successfully synthesized in a Na-magadiite–H2O–(TMA)2O system. At appropriate water and TMAOH contents, Na-magadiite was converted into a new layered silicate phase (KLS2) at relatively low temperatures, in the range 130 to 150 °C. However, a microporous silica material (FLS) was formed at higher temperatures, from 160 up to 180 °C. The samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, 29Si magic-angle spinning NMR, infra-red spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis, and adsorption measurements. It was found that the KLS2 phase has lower thermal stability than the FLS phase. An amorphous phase was formed upon heating KLS2 below 300 °C, while FLS was found to be stable up to 600 °C and exhibits a surface area of 300 m2 g−1 and micropore volume of 0.082 mL (liquid nitrogen) g−1. Factors such as the Na-magadiite, TMAOH and water contents, which dominate the conversion of Na-magadiite, are discussed.
Effects of Molybdenum, Wolfram and Copper on Solubility of Graphite in Liquid Iron and the Method of Calculation for the Activity of Carbon in a Multicomponent Solution. (1960)

Effects of molybdenum, wolfram and copper on solubility of graphite in liquid iron were studied at 1550°C. Interaction parameters at graphite saturation were given as follows:A general approximate equation for calculating the activity coefficient of carbon in a multicomponent solution was given as follows:Validity of the above equation was discussed by using the present data. Interaction parameters of an infinite dilute solution and the graphite saturated solution were compared with each other and discussed.
Fabrication of a gated resonant tunneling diode with a laterally adjustable quantum dot cross-section (2003)

The authors report a novel technique used to place a rectifying contact at the well region of a unipolar Al/sub 0.3/Ga/sub 0.7/As/GaAs double barrier heterostructure. Application of a potential at this third terminal with respect to a common emitter depleted the vertical cross section, thereby decreasing the electrical size of the RTD (resonant tunneling diode). Transport measurements showed that at gate potentials less than 0.4 V, the gated RTD (GRTD) was effective in modulating current length through the RTD without appreciably affecting the resonant bias. It was shown that the tunneling cross section of the well region of a RTD can be electrically controlled, thereby suggesting the feasibility of in situ transition from a two-dimensional electron gas to a zero-dimensional quantum dot.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Purification and Properties of Long‐Chain Acyl‐Coenzyme‐A Synthetase from Rat Liver (1979)

Long‐chain acyl‐coenzyme‐A synthetase from the microsomes as well as from the mitochondrial fraction of rat liver has been purified to homogeneity as evidenced by dodecylsulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, amino‐terminal analysis and the elution profile at the final chromatography step. The purification procedure involves resolution of the cellular particles with Triton X‐100 and chromatography on Blue‐Sepharose, hydroxyapatite and phosphocellulose. The purified enzymes from both sources have a specific activity of 26–29 units/mg protein at 35°C, which is more than 100‐fold higher than those of long‐chain acyl‐CoA synthetases of animal and bacterial origin hitherto reported. The purified enzymes exhibit a molecular weight of approximately 76000 as estimated by dodecylsulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and catalyze the activation of saturated fatty acids with 10–18 carbon atoms and unsaturated fatty acids with 16–20 carbon atoms most efficiently. The purified enzyme from the microsomes and that from the mitochondrial fraction, which are obtained by essentially identical procedures, are indistinguishable from each other with respect to all molecular and catalytic properties examined, including molecular weight, amino acid composition, amino‐terminal residue, heat stability, specific activity, pH optimum and substrate specificity regarding fatty acid, acyl acceptor and nucleoside 5′‐triphosphate.
Crystal and molecular structure of CuCo(fsa)2en.6H2O(H4(fsa)2en = N,N'-bis(2-hydroxy-3-carboxybenzylidene)-1,2-diaminoethane): an example of close-packed association of two heterobinuclear units through the formation of a water molecule network (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCrystal and molecular structure of CuCo(fsa)2en.6H2O(H4(fsa)2en = N,N'-bis(2-hydroxy-3-carboxybenzylidene)-1,2-diaminoethane): an example of close-packed association of two heterobinuclear units through the formation of a water molecule networkJean Galy, Joel Jaud, Olivier Kahn, and Pierre TolaCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1980, 19, 10, 2945–2948Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1980https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50212a021RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views78Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (510 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Optimizing density down-ramp injection for beam-driven plasma wakefield accelerators (2017)

Density down-ramp (DDR) injection is a promising concept in beam-driven plasma wakefield accelerators for the generation of high-quality witness beams. We review and complement the theoretical principles of the method and employ particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations in order to determine constrains on the geometry of the density ramp and the current of the drive beam, regarding the applicability of DDR injection. Furthermore, PIC simulations are utilized to find optimized conditions for the production of high-quality beams. We find and explain the intriguing result that the injection of an increased charge by means of a steepened ramp favors the generation of beams with lower emittance. Exploiting this fact enables the production of beams with high charge ($\ensuremath{\sim}140\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{pC}$), low normalized emittance ($\ensuremath{\sim}200\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{nm}$) and low uncorrelated energy spread (0.3%) in sufficiently steep ramps even for drive beams with moderate peak current ($\ensuremath{\sim}2.5\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{kA}$).
Clinical risk factors of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support in older adults (2018)

Our findings indicate that the risk of mortality increases with cardiogenic shock, higher APACHE II score, and higher SAPS II score. These risk factors can be utilized as potential predictors to identify the potential candidates for ECMO support.
P1‐356: Virtual Reality as an Assessment of Social Cognition in Behavioural Variant Frontotemporal Dementia: A Pilot Study. (2016)

Virtual reality (VR), a simulated computer-generated environment, is increasingly being considered in terms of its application to the assessment of dementia. Complementary evidence suggests that a person’s physical and verbal reactions within social VR scenarios can be considered a relative proxy of social cognition in the real world. We report on the development of VR social scenarios designed to elicit evidence of impairment in different components of social cognition in individuals with behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and a typical Alzheimer’s disease (tAD) control group relative to healthy participants. Data from 10 individuals with bvFTD, 10 with tAD and 20 healthy volunteers will be reported. Participants are immersed in the 5-minute virtual scene of a cafe bistro. The scenarios are manipulated in terms of the visual and social distinctiveness of the customers (conventional/unconventional characters), valence (positive/negative) and the extent to which the participant is privy to social exchanges within the scene (e.g. direct, where characters interact within the scene, vs. indirect, where the anchor character receives valenced information over the telephone). The virtual scenario also includes a ‘slapstick’ style accident involving the anchor character. Observational measures include verbal and physical reactions, location and proximity data, direction of gaze and pre-/post-immersion structured interviews. VR data will be compared with scores on pen-and-paper neuropsychological tests of social cognition and carer reports of behaviour. Comparisons between the bvFTD, tAD and control groups in their verbal, physical and oculomotor reactions to the virtual scenarios will be reported. Early data indicate marked differences between bvFTD patients and controls not only in responses to primary characters and social scenarios but also in exploratory behaviour and responses to background characters and elements of the scenario. We will discuss the utility of VR scenarios for eliciting evidence of social cognitive deficits in individuals with bvFTD and other dementia syndromes. Future work will evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of VR social cognition tasks relative to traditional clinical report and paper-and-pencil neuropsychological measures in detecting social cognition changes in individuals at risk of familial FTD before the onset of frank behaviour change.
Fracture Analysis of Ceramic Proppants (1983)

Small particles (traditionally sand) are mixed with fluid in hydraulic fracturing treatments of petroleum wells to stimulate production. The solid particles, called proppants, are used to prop open the fracture as hydraulic pressure is reduced. Deep wells can demand higher strength than provided by sand, while low specific gravity is desired to improve proppant transport. This paper considers the stress and strength analysis of proppants, and considers the use of high-strength ceramics as possible proppants. The stresses produced by interparticle contact are analyzed, which along with a failure criterion based on a critically stressed volume lead to a fracture prediction. The results show that ceramics can give adequate strength, even when used in low-density forms such as with high porosity or as hollow spheres. Laboratory tests of the effect of closure pressure on fluid permeability are seen to be in good agreement with the fracture predictions.
Local figure–ground cues are valid for natural images (2007)

Figure-ground organization refers to the visual perception that a contour separating two regions belongs to one of the regions. Recent studies have found neural correlates of figure-ground assignment in V2 as early as 10-25 ms after response onset, providing strong support for the role of local bottom-up processing. How much information about figure-ground assignment is available from locally computed cues? Using a large collection of natural images, in which neighboring regions were assigned a figure-ground relation by human observers, we quantified the extent to which figural regions locally tend to be smaller, more convex, and lie below ground regions. Our results suggest that these Gestalt cues are ecologically valid, and we quantify their relative power. We have also developed a simple bottom-up computational model of figure-ground assignment that takes image contours as input. Using parameters fit to natural image statistics, the model is capable of matching human-level performance when scene context limited.
Expression of rat intestinal L-lysine transport systems in isolated oocytes of Xenopus laevis (1993)

The mechanisms by which cationic amino acids are transported across the intestinal epithelium are poorly understood. We show that isolated stage VI oocytes of Xenopus laevis can express lysine transport activity, which is due to the microinjection of mRNA from rat small intestine. L-Lysine transport activity (0.2 mM, 20 degrees C) reaches 400 pmol.oocyte-1.h-1, compared with a typical endogenous rate of 85 pmol.oocyte-1.h-1. Na(+)-dependence and amino acid inhibition studies resolved the expressed transport activity into three components: 1) a Na(+)-dependent transport system that can be inhibited by leucine with high affinity and also by alanine; 2) a Na(+)-independent system that can be inhibited by leucine with high affinity when Na+ is present, but this affinity is reduced in its absence; 3) a Na(+)-independent system that is inhibited by leucine with high affinity only when Na+ is present. Peak arginine-inhibitable lysine influx was found in a mRNA size fraction of 1.5-2.25 (median 2.0) kb.
Synthesis of the tricarbonyl region of FK-506 through an amidophosphorane [Erratum to document cited in CA111(7):57366p] (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleSynthesis of the tricarbonyl region of FK-506 through an amidophosphorane [Erratum to document cited in CA111(7):57366p]Harry H. Wasserman, Vincent M. Rotello, David R. Williams, and John W. BenbowCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 22, 5406Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1989https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00283a048RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views43Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (151 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts