gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Estimating Attenuation in Composite Laminates Using Backscattered Ultrasound (1984)

As an approach to the nondestructive evaluation of composite laminates, we applied several techniques based on spectral analysis of backscattered ultrasound in order to evaluate a method for estimating attenuation which doea not require accesa to both sides of a composite. The method makes use of the fact that propagation of a broadband ultrasonic pulse through a medium exhibiting a trequencydependent attenuation results in changes in the backscattered spectrum, including changes in the lowest order moments (i.e., total backscattered energy, spectral centroid, and spectral variance or width). As a means of evaluating the accuracy of the estimate of the attenuation determined from backscat tered ultrasound, attenuation was measured at the same sites using a transmission mode technique with a phaseinsensitive acoustoelectric receiving transducer. Results of attenuation estimates on a test specimen consisting of an isotropic suspension of 44 micron Sic grit embedded in gelatin and on a graphite-epoxy composite laminate were in good agreement with the results of transmission mode measurements.
Abstract 153: IL-17 Amplifies Thrombosis in a Mouse Model of DVT (2017)

Background: Immune cells are known to participate in thrombosis. A subset of IL-17 producing T-cells plays a role in the inflammatory dysregulation of inflammatory bowel disease, malignancy, and acute graft rejection. IL-17 resides at the interface between innate and adaptive immunity, exerting pro-inflammatory effects via induction of cytokines and cellular adhesion molecules, with consequent neutrophil activation and mobilization. Inflammatory properties of endothelium itself direct T-cell plasticity, and we have previously demonstrated that endothelial CD39 is an important inflammatory regulator via degradation of pro-inflammatory nucleotides. It is unknown whether IL-17 affects development of thrombosis in deep veins. Hypothesis: IL-17 released from T-cells augments deep venous thrombosis, through endothelial CD39-driven T-cell phenotype switching. Methods: A uniform non-occluding ligature around the infrarenal IVC was used to model DVT. CD39 haploinsufficient (CD39+/-) mice were used, as full knockouts demonstrate baseline platelet reactivity abnormalities affecting thrombosis. Mice were sacrificed at 48 hours and IVC and thrombus harvested. IL-17 protein was measured using western blotting and immunohistochemistry and inflammatory cells in vein wall were identified by flow cytometry. Results: CD39 +/- mice had increased thrombus mass compared to wild-type animals (p=0.02), with a corresponding increase in IL-17. In CD39 +/- mice, immunohistochemistry of thrombus indicated increased inflammatory cell infiltration, expression of VCAM-1 and IL-17. In vitro confirmation of effect of IL-17 dosing of HUVEC induced a 2-fold induction of E-Selectin (p<0.0001) and a 1.25 fold induction of ICAM-1 (p=0.0002) by qPCR; P-Selectin was not different (p=0.6). Flow cytometric analysis of vein wall after thrombus induction indicated increased infiltration of neutrophils (2.5-fold), monocyte-macrophage (2-fold), and T-cells (1.5 fold) in CD39 +/- mice compared with controls. Conclusion: Decreased expression of CD39 is associated with a pro-thrombotic phenotype in CD39 haploinsufficient mice, resulting in increased IL-17 within the IVC, inducing Selectin- and CAM-driven pathways of inflammatory cell infiltration after thrombosis.
HABRA ANUALMENTE 20 MIL NUEVOS CASOS DE CANCER CERVICO-UTERINO (1990)

EL CANCER CERVICO UTERINO ES LA SEGUNDA CAUSA DE MUERTE ENTRE LAS MUJERES ADULTAS DEL LLAMADO TERCER MUNDO, ASEGURO LA DOCTORA VALENTINA NABOR, JEFA DEL MODULO DE PLANIFICACION FAMILIAR Y CLINICA DE DISPLASIAS DEL HOSPITAL GENERAL DE CIUDAD NEZAHUALCOYOTL, AL OFRECER UNA CONFERENCIA SOBRE EL TEMA. A PESAR DE QUE EL DIAGNOSTICO TEMPRANO DE ESTA ENFERMEDAD ES SENCILLO Y RAPIDO, DIJO, MUCHAS MUJERES SON RENUENTES A REALIZARSE LA PRUEBA DEL PAPANICOLAOU, POR LO QUE ESTA PATOLOGIA HA ALCANZADO UNA TASA DE MORTALIDAD DE 10.57 POR CIENTO ANUAL. LA ESPECIALISTA, EGRESADA DE LA ESCUELA NACIONAL DE ESTUDIOS PROFESIONALES (ENEP) ZARAGOZA, APORTO DATOS ESTADISTICOS DE LOS CASOS PRESENTADOS EN EL MUNICIPIO DE NEZAHUALCOYOTL, DE LAS CAUSAS DE ESTE TRASTORNO Y DE LAS RECOMENDACIONES PARA UN BUEN ESTADO DE SALUD EN LA MUJER.
WY-14 643 rapidly activates nuclear factor kappaB in Kupffer cells before hepatocytes (1998)

Stimulation of cell proliferation caused by peroxisome proliferators was blocked by antibodies against TNF alpha and agents that inactivate Kupffer cells, a rich source of TNF alpha, which supports the hypothesis that Kupffer cells play a pivotal role in peroxisome proliferator-induced hyperplasia. Here, the ability of the very potent peroxisome proliferator WY-14 643 to activate the transcription factor NF-kappaB in rat liver was examined since it is involved in TNF alpha production. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were treated by gavage with WY-14 643 (100 mg/kg) while control animals were given equivalent doses of vehicle (olive oil). Activation of NF-kappaB in both whole liver, non-parenchymal cells, Kupffer cells and hepatocytes was assessed for up to 36 h using an electrophoretic mobility shift assay. In whole liver, WY-14 643 transiently increased NF-kappaB binding maximally 3.5-fold in 2-8 h followed by a steady decline to near control levels at 36 h. As early as 2 h after WY-14 643 treatment, the active form of NF-kappaB was localized predominantly in Kupffer cells with values 20- to 25-times greater than in hepatocytes. In hepatocytes, a small increase in NF-kappaB binding was observed but only 8 h after WY-14 643 administration. Pre-treatment with allopurinol, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor and free radical scavenger, suppressed NF-kappaB activation by WY-14 643 almost completely. It is concluded that NF-kappaB is activated by reactive oxygen species and plays a central role in the mechanism of action of peroxisome proliferators. Moreover, these findings support the hypothesis that Kupffer cells play a pivotal role in peroxisome proliferator-induced hepatocyte proliferation through rapid NF-kappaB activation and subsequent induction of TNF alpha production. TNF alpha from Kupffer cells stimulates growth in parenchymal cells later via mechanisms that also involve NF-kappaB.
Multiple charging of poly(propylene glycol) by binary mixtures of cations in electrospray (2004)

Single, double and triple charging of poly(propylene glycol) (PPG) (Mn = 1900 g/mol) in the presence of binary mixtures of cations (Li+, Na+, K+, Cs+, and NH4+) under electrospray ionization (ESI) conditions were investigated. For these studies, sodium ion was selected as the reference cation, and the resulting ion-intensities were evaluated as a function of the [Na+]/[C+] ratio (where C+ is the other cation, i.e., Li+, K+, Cs+ and NH4+). A linear relationship was found between INa+/IC+ and [Na+]/[C+] (INa+ and IC+ stand for the intensity of the singly charged PPG molecules cationized with Na+ and C+ ions, respectively). The slope of the INa+/IC+−[Na+]/[C+] plot (α) indicates the binding selectivity of Na+ ions to PPG chains with respect to cation C+. In the case of the doubly charged PPG chains, the INaNa2+/INaC2+ and INaC2+/ICC2+ versus [Na+]/[C+] ratio also yield straight lines with slopes of approximately α/2 and 2α, respectively (INaNa2+, INaC2+ and ICC2+ are the intensity of the doubly charged PPG chains cationized with two Na+ ions, Na+ and C+ ions, and two C+ ions, respectively). Similarly, linear dependences with the [Na+]/[C+] ratio for the corresponding intensity ratios of the triply charged PPG were found. Based on the value of α, the selectivity of the cations was found to increase in the order of Li+ < Cs+ ≈ Na+ < K+ ≈ NH4+. The observed relative ion intensities are interpreted on the basis of the solution state equilibrium between PPG and the cations. In addition, the investigations showed that the abundances of the doubly and triply charged PPG-containing mixed cations can be optimized in a simple way using the value of α.
An Expedient Regio- and Diastereoselective Synthesis of Hybrid Frameworks with Embedded Spiro[9,10]dihydroanthracene [9,3′]-pyrrolidine and Spiro[oxindole-3,2′-pyrrolidine] Motifs via an Ionic Liquid-Mediated Multicomponent Reaction (2015)

A series of hitherto unreported anthracene-embedded dispirooxindoles has been synthesized via a one-pot three-component 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of an azomethine ylide, generated in situ from the reaction of isatin and sarcosine to 10-benzylideneanthracen-9(10H)-one as a dipolarophile in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide([bmim]Br), an ionic liquid. This reaction proceeded regio- and diastereoselectively, in good to excellent yields.
Remarks on multiple periodic solutions of nonlinear ordinary differential equations (1980)

We prove the existence and multiplicity of periodic solutions for nonlinear ordinary differential equa tions of the type u"(x) + g(u(x)) = f(x) under the various conditions upon the function g.
Enzymatic preparation of ethyl (S)-3-hydroxybutanoate with a high enantiomeric excess. (1989)

Both enantiomers ofethyl 3-hydroxybutanoate (1) are the chiral starting materials for many biologically active compounds, including insect pheromones1* and carbapenem antibiotics.2) Several enzymatic methods for the preparation of chiral 1 have been reported.3)Although
Predicting workload profiles of brain–robot interface and electromygraphic neurofeedback with cortical resting-state networks: personal trait or task-specific challenge? (2015)

Neurophysiological profiles in resting state and during the exercise may provide task-independent workload markers for monitoring and matching participants' ability and task difficulty of neurofeedback interventions.
Di-cyclopentadienyl-nickel (1953)

Durch Umsetzung von Cyclopentadien-kalium mit [Ni(NH 3 ) 6 ](SCN) 2 in flüssigem Ammoniak gelang es, grünes, flüchtiges, paramagnetisches Di-cyclopentadienyl-nickel Ni II (C 5 H 5 ) 2 darzustellen. Röntgenographische Befunde beweisen seinen dem Fe II (C 5 H 5 ) 2 entsprechenden Molekülbau. Bei geeigneter Oxydation geht es in ein gelbes, paramagnetisches, wenig beständiges Di-cyclopentadienyl-nickel(III)-Kation [Ni(C 5 H 5 ) 2 ] + über.
Expression of the Colony-Stimulating Factor-1 Receptor (c-fms Proto-Oncogene Product) in the Human Uterus and Placenta1 (1992)

This study describes the expression pattern in the human uteroplacental unit of c-fms, the proto-oncogene that encodes the receptor for colony-stimulating factor-1. Quantitative mRNA analysis showed that c-fms mRNA expression in placental tissues was lowest in first trimester samples and highest at the end of pregnancy. Expression of c-fms mRNA was also high in first trimester endometrium and term chorion. Although c-fms mRNA was approximately 3.7 kb in size on northern blots of all placental, endometrial, and chorion preparations, trophoblast-specific transcription of c-fms exon 1 was confirmed by primer-directed amplification of reverse-transcribed total RNA. Immunohistochemistry using both polyclonal and monoclonal anti-c-fms protein antibodies showed that c-fms protein was expressed over the entire trophoblastic area during the first trimester but became progressively restricted to the villous syncytiotrophoblast as pregnancy advanced. Of particular interest was the high level of c-fms protein expression in the intermediate trophoblasts of the villous sprouts during first trimester. The synthesis of c-fms protein was also detected in glandular epithelial cells and decidual cells of first trimester endometrium and in the extra-villous trophoblastic layer of the chorion.
Article (2002)

The spray-drying process of milk has been developed using an approach based more on empirical and technological concepts than on food material science. However, optimisation of the concentration and spray-drying steps require a detailed consideration of material phase transitions as well as the kinetics of possible chemical reactions and physical transformations. The phase diagram of milk, now completed by a description of glass transition, was found to be a very powerful tool for understanding the physical changes that may occur during milk dehydration. In this paper, the glass transition line versus the concentration and the sorption isotherm are presented for both whole milk and skimmilk and a universal relationship between the glass transition temperature and water activity is proposed. The phase transition lines as well as the kinetics of lactose crystallisation are also described here. In whole milk, depending on the concentration and the temperature, lactose may undergo at least two phase transitions: (1) nucleation of alpha hydrate lactose crystals in a supersaturated milk concentrate; and (2) nucleation of beta anhydrous crystals in a rubbery-glassy powder state. However, in skimmilk powders nucleation of a mixture of anhydrous beta and alpha lactose was identified.
Surgical Outcomes Following Laminectomy With Fusion Versus Laminectomy Alone in Patients With Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy (2020)

Contains fulltext : 231709.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)
Proliferative potential and K‐ras mutation in epithelial hyperplasia of the gallbladder in patients with anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal union (1998)

BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown that anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal union (APBD) is an important risk factor for the development of gallbladder carcinoma. Epithelial hyperplasia of the gallbladder is one of the characteristic changes, but it is not clear whether epithelial hyperplasia is a premalignant lesion that could lead to cancer in APBD patients. METHODS Twenty-four APBD patients were classified into two types: patients with bile duct dilation (dilated type) (n = 13) and patients without dilation (undilated type) (n = 11). Resected gallbladders obtained from APBD patients and control patients without APBD were examined histologically and with immunohistochemical techniques for the detection of p53 and Ki-67 (as a cell proliferation marker). K-ras mutations were examined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and direct DNA sequence analysis. The patients were also classified, according to extent of epithelial hyperplasia, as having high grade or low grade hyperplasia. RESULTS Fifteen (63%) of 24 APBD patients had epithelial hyperplasia of the gallbladder, whereas no patients without APBD exhibited this lesion. The incidence of epithelial hyperplasia was significantly higher in the gallbladders of undilated-type APBD patients (91%) than in those of dilated-type patients (38%) (P < 0.01). Three of 24 APBD patients (13%) had gallbladder carcinoma, and 2 of the 3 gallbladder carcinomas (67%) were accompanied by diffuse epithelial hyperplasia of the gallbladder. Among 21 nonneoplastic gallbladders, diffuse epithelial hyperplasia was observed in all (100%) of the undilated-type APBD and in 4 (33%) of 12 dilated-type APBD (P < 0.001). High grade hyperplasia was observed in 7 of 11 patients (64%) with undilated-type APBD and 2 of 13 patients (15%) with dilated-type APBD (P < 0.05). The incidence of high grade hyperplasia increased with age among patients older than 35 years. Ki-67 labeling index (LI) was significantly higher in hyperplastic mucosa than in control gallbladder mucosa. High grade hyperplasia had a significantly higher Ki-67 LI than low grade hyperplasia (P < 0.001). Two (22%) of 9 high grade hyperplasia cases had K-ras mutations, whereas none of 6 low grade hyperplasia cases had. The types of K-ras mutations in codon 12 were GTT (Val) and GAT (Asp) in each case of hyperplasia; these were identical to those of concomitant carcinomas. Neither hyperplastic nor normal mucosa exhibited p53 overexpression. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that hyperplasia of the gallbladder mucosa in APBD patients is an early change that, because of the increased proliferative activity and presence of K-ras mutations, could be considered a premalignant lesion of the gallbladder. An increased cell population of epithelial hyperplasia may predispose the mucosa to mutational events, resulting in an increased risk for the development of gallbladder carcinoma in APBD patients. Cancer 1998;83:267-275. © 1998 American Cancer Society.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Catalytic Asymmetric Mannich‐Type Reaction of α‐ and β‐Fluorinated Amides. (2016)

Abstract A direct catalytic asymmetric Mannich‐type reaction of variously fluorinated 7‐azaindole amine pronucleophiles and N‐carbamoyl imines is developed using a binary catalytic system of a chiral Cu(I)‐complex and Barton′s base.
The Transfer of Oxygen Atoms in Oxidation—Reduction Reactions. III. The Reaction of Halogenates with Sulfite in Aqueous Solution (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Transfer of Oxygen Atoms in Oxidation—Reduction Reactions. III. The Reaction of Halogenates with Sulfite in Aqueous SolutionJoseph Halperin and Henry TaubeCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 2, 375–380Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01122a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01122a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views278Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Lignin-Derived Biomaterials for Drug Release and Tissue Engineering (2018)

Renewable resources gain increasing interest as source for environmentally benign biomaterials, such as drug encapsulation/release compounds, and scaffolds for tissue engineering in regenerative medicine. Being the second largest naturally abundant polymer, the interest in lignin valorization for biomedical utilization is rapidly growing. Depending on resource and isolation procedure, lignin shows specific antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Today, efforts in research and industry are directed toward lignin utilization as renewable macromolecular building block for the preparation of polymeric drug encapsulation and scaffold materials. Within the last five years, remarkable progress has been made in isolation, functionalization and modification of lignin and lignin-derived compounds. However, literature so far mainly focuses lignin-derived fuels, lubricants and resins. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current state of the art and to highlight the most important results in the field of lignin-based materials for potential use in biomedicine (reported in 2014&ndash;2018). Special focus is drawn on lignin-derived nanomaterials for drug encapsulation and release as well as lignin hybrid materials used as scaffolds for guided bone regeneration in stem cell-based therapies.
Influence of Polyethylene Glycol Insulin on Lipid Tissues of Experimental Animals (1983)

Earlier investigations have revealed that polyethylene glycol-B1-insulin (PEG insulin) causes lower utilization of glucose in fat cells than does the unaltered hormone, even though the blood glucose-lowering activity of both preparations in intact animals is identical. The present study was aimed to establish whether or not PEG insulin in regard to adipose tissues of intact animals has similar functions. Radioactive glucose was used to examine the influence of both native pork insulin and its PEG derivative on the incorporation of tracers into lipids. Male Wistar rats and male domestic rabbits received 14C- and/or 3H-labeled glucose intravenously, while the insulin preparations were administered by either the subcutaneous (s.c.) or the intravenous (i.v.) route. Under the influence of PEG insulin, diminished incorporation of 14C and/or 3H into adipose tissues was observed in all cases, yet both natural insulin and the derivative lowered the blood glucose to the same extent. These observations allow the assumption that, by using certain modified insulins, it may also be possible to manipulate the extent of glucose metabolism by lipid tissues in diabetic patients.
The signaling pathway of dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) activation using normal mode analysis (NMA) and the construction of pharmacophore models for D2R ligands (2016)

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are targets of more than 30% of marketed drugs. Investigation on the GPCRs may shed light on upcoming drug design studies. In the present study, we performed a combination of receptor- and ligand-based analysis targeting the dopamine D2 receptor (D2R). The signaling pathway of D2R activation and the construction of universal pharmacophore models for D2R ligands were also studied. The key amino acids, which contributed to the regular activation of the D2R, were in detail investigated by means of normal mode analysis (NMA). A derived cross-correlation matrix provided us an understanding of the degree of pair residue correlations. Although negative correlations were not observed in the case of the inactive D2R state, a high degree of correlation appeared between the residues in the active state. NMA results showed that the cytoplasmic side of the TM5 plays a significant role in promoting of residue-residue correlations in the active state of D2R. Tracing motions of the amino acids Arg219, Arg220, Val223, Asn224, Lys226, and Ser228 in the position of the TM5 are found to be critical in signal transduction. Complementing the receptor-based modeling, ligand-based modeling was also performed using known D2R ligands. The top-scored pharmacophore models were found as 5-sited (AADPR.671, AADRR.1398, AAPRR.3900, and ADHRR.2864) hypotheses from PHASE modeling from a pool consisting of more than 100 initial candidates. The constructed models using 38 D2R ligands (in the training set) were validated with 15 additional test set compounds. The resulting model correctly predicted the pIC<sub>50</sub> values of an additional test set compounds as true unknowns.
A major antigen on the outer envelope of a human oral spirochete, Treponema denticola (1989)

Human oral spirochetes are prominent inhabitants of subgingival plaque in patients with periodontal disease. By immunoelectron microscopy using protein A-gold complexes and either polyclonal mouse antiserum against the 53-kDa antigen or 53-kDa-antigen-specific monoclonal antibody, a major polypeptide antigen, with a molecular weight of 53,000 (molecular size, 53 kilodaltons [kDa]), of a human oral spirochete, Treponema denticola ATCC 33520, was found to localize on the surface of the outer envelope.