gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Atheroma-inhibiting and vasoprotective properties of CO-targeting neutral endopeptidase and angiotensin converting enzyme (2001)

Omapatrilat (OMA) is a single molecule, which simultaneously inhibits angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and neutral endopeptidase (NEP). ACE which converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II is increased in atherosclerosis and may contribute to endothelial dysfunction and atheroma formation. NEP, an ectoenzyme present in vascular endothelial cells, cleaves endogenous peptides, such as adrenomedullin, the natriuretic peptides and bradykinin, which possess vasodilatatory, growth inhibiting and antiproliferative properties. We hypothesized that OMA would reduce atheroma formation and enhance the vasorelaxing actions of the cardiac hormone ANP and the endothelium derived peptide CNP in experimental atherosclerosis. Rabbits were fed with 1% cholesterol diet and randomized into two groups, one receiving orally administered OMA (12 mg/Kg/day, BMS)(n=8) and the other vehicle (n=8). At the end of 8 weeks of treatment, no differences were observed between groups in plasma cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglyceride levels (p= NS). There were also no differences in arterial pressures between groups (p= NS). OMA reduced atherosclerotic plaque surface area in the aorta compared to the vehicle group (23±6% vs 68±8%, p<0.05). Furthermore, OMA enhanced vasorelaxations to ANP in isolated thoracic aortic rings with and without endothelium as compared to the vehicle group (EC50; OMA vs vehicle: 8.4±0.07 vs 7.6± 0.1, and 8.4±0.08 vs 7.9±0.09 respectively, -log mol/liter, p<0.005 for both). In contrast, OMA did not improve vasorelaxations to CNP in the aortic rings with or without endothelium (EC50; OMA vs vehicle: 8.4±0.001 vs 8.3±0.001, and 8.5±0.00003 vs 8.3±0.004 respectively, -log mol/liter, p=NS for both). These results, for the first time, demonstrate that chronic inhibition of ACE and NEP with OMA inhibits atheroma formation and selectively enhances ANP but not CNP mediated vasorelaxations in an experimental model of atherosclerosis independent of cholesterol lowering.
Effect of Mutations in the Second Extracellular Loop of CXCR4 on Its Utilization by Human and Feline Immunodeficiency Viruses (1999)

CCR5 and CXCR4 are the principal CD4-associated coreceptors used by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). CXCR4 is also a receptor for the feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). The rat CXCR4 cannot mediate infection by HIV-1NDK or by FIVPET (both cell line-adapted strains) because of sequence differences with human CXCR4 in the second extracellular loop (ECL2). Here we made similar observations for HIV-189.6 (a strain also using CCR5) and for a primary HIV-1 isolate. It showed the role of ECL2 in the coreceptor activity of CXCR4 for different types of HIV-1 strains. By exchanging ECL2 residues between human and rat CXCR4, we found that several amino acid differences contributed to the inactivity of the rat CXCR4 toward HIV-189.6. In contrast, its inactivity toward HIV-1NDK seemed principally due to a serine at position 193 instead of to an aspartic acid (Asp193) in human CXCR4. Likewise, a mutation of Asp187 prevented usage of CXCR4 by FIVPET. Different mutations of Asp193, including its replacement by a glutamic acid, markedly reduced or suppressed the activity of CXCR4 for HIV-1NDK infection, indicating that the negative charge was not the only requirement. Mutations of Asp193 and of arginine residues (Arg183 and Arg188) of CXCR4 reduced the efficiency of HIV-1 infection for all HIV-1 strains tested. Other ECL2 mutations tested had strain-specific effects or no apparent effect on HIV-1 infection. The ECL2 mutants allowed us to identify residues contributing to the epitope of the 12G5 monoclonal antibody. Overall, residues with different charges and interspersed in ECL2 seem to participate in the coreceptor activity of CXCR4. This suggests that a conformational rather than linear epitope of ECL2 contributes to the HIV-1 binding site. However, certain HIV-1 and FIV strains seem to require the presence of a particular ECL2 residue.
Transport and Piezoresistive Characteristics of Ruthenium‐Doped Bismuth–Borosilicate Glass Thin Films Grown by Pulsed Laser Deposition (2010)

Ruthenium‐doped bismuth–borosilicate glass thin films were grown by pulsed laser deposition as a material with a chemical structure equivalent to that of the functional region in a thick‐film resistor (TFR) with piezoresistivity. X‐ray diffraction and electron energy‐loss spectroscopy analyses indicated that the thin films were in amorphous and contained both trivalent and tetravalent states of ruthenium after annealing in air. Analyses of transport properties verified that the electrical conduction in the film was via variable range hopping with a hole carrier. Furthermore, one of the films exhibits piezoresistive sensitivity six times as that of the TFR; the sensitivity has a strong correlation with the spatial extension of the wave function in the localized electronic states.
Comparative fault tolerance of parallel distributed processing networks (1994)

We propose a method for evaluating and comparing the fault tolerance of a wide variety of parallel distributed processing networks (more commonly referred to as artificial neural networks). Despite the fact that these computing networks are biologically inspired and share many features of biological neural networks, they are not inherently tolerant of the loss of processing elements. We examine two classes of networks, multilayer perceptrons and Gaussian radial basis function networks, and show that there is a marked difference in their operational fault tolerance. Furthermore, we show that fault tolerance is influenced by the training algorithm used and even the initial state of the network. Using an idea due to Sequin and Clay (1990), we show that training with intermittent, randomly selected faults can dramatically enhance the fault tolerance of radial basis function networks, while it yields only marginal improvement when used with multilayer perceptrons.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
dv/dt Dependence in metal oxide varistors (1986)

A dv/dt dependence has been observed in metal oxide varis-tors during impulse testing. A lossy dielectric model which provides a qualitative explanation of this behaviour can also be used to account for current overshoot.
Self-templating of large rings by small rings in 4,4'-bipyridyl–3,4-dihydroxy-3-cyclobutene-1,2-dione (2/3) (1999)

The title compound is a salt, bis(4,4'-bipyridyl-4,4'-diium) bis[3,4-dihydroxy-3-cyclobutene-1,2-dionate(1-)] 3,4-dihydroxy-3-cyclobutene-1,2-dionate(2-), 2C 10 H 10 N 2 2+ .2C 4 HO 4 - .C 4 O 4 2- . The cations and the (C 4 O 4 ) 2- anions are linked by two types of short N-H…O hydrogen bond [N...O 2.595 (2) and 2.622 (2) A; NH...O 167 and 170°] to form a planar rectangular net built from a single type of centrosymmetric R 8 6 (56) ring. The (C 4 HO 4 ) - anions are linked by paired short OH…O hydrogen bonds [O…O 2.471 (2) A and O-H...O 152°] into centrosymmetric dimers containing an R 2 2 (10) motif. A [(C 4 HO 4 ) - ] 2 dimer lies at the centre of each R 8 6 (56) ring, and is linked to it by two C-H...O hydrogen bonds [C…O 3.318 (3) and 3.165 (3) A; C-H…O 155 and 151°].
Cellular ingestion, toxic effects, and lesions observed in human bronchial epithelial tissue and cells cultured with asbestos and glass fibers (1982)

Abstract Although exposure to asbestos has been shown in previous epidemiological studies to synergistically increase the risk of bronchogenic carcinoma for cigarette smokers, the pathobiological mechanism(s) responsible for the cocarcinogenic action of asbestos is not known. Therefore, the effects of asbestos fibers on normal human tracheobronchial epithelium are of interest. Asbestos fibers, i.e. , amosite, crocidolite and chrysotile (UICC samples) and glass fibers were initially assayed for their cytotoxcity. Bronchial epithelial cells exposed to either asbestos or glass fibers displayed inhibition of cell growth as a function of fiber concentration. When compared to glass fibers, asbestos fibers caused a statistically significant ( p <0.05) decrease in cell population doubling rate. Chrysotile was approximately 10 times more cytotoxic than either amosite or crocidolite and more than 100 times more cytotoxic than the glass fibers. Epithelial cells were 10 to 15 times more sensitive to the cytotoxic effects of asbestos fibers than bronchial fibroblasts from the same donor. Using electron microscopy, asbestos fibers were seen to be ingested by epithelial cells. After exposure for 2 h short fibers (<12μm) were found both in the cytoplasm and within phagosomes. High‐voltage electron microscopy combined with stereo‐microscopy revealed asbestos fibers in the cytoplasmic matrix. A single exposure to amosite asbestos (100–1000 μg/ml) was found to induce focal hyperplasia and epidermoid metaplasia with cellular atypia in human tracheobronchial explants. Surface fine structure observations revealed asbestos fibers protruding from these lesions. Intra‐cytoplasmic and intranuclear fibers of amosite were identified in these focal lesions using X‐ray microanalysis in combination with transmission electron microscopy. With increasing time, fibers were also seen deposited within the submucosa of the explants. The preferential cytotoxicity of asbestos for epithelial cells and the metaplastic response of bronchial epithelium may be important in the cocarcinogenic action of asbestos.
Dust charging processes with a Cairns-Tsallis distribution function with negative ions (2016)

Dust grain charging processes are presented in a non-Maxwellian dusty plasma following the Cairns-Tsallis (q, α)–distribution, whose constituents are the electrons, as well as the positive/negative ions and negatively charged dust grains. For this purpose, we have solved the current balance equation for a negatively charged dust grain to achieve an equilibrium state value (viz., qd = constant) in the presence of Cairns-Tsallis (q, α)–distribution. In fact, the current balance equation becomes modified due to the Boltzmannian/streaming distributed negative ions. It is numerically found that the relevant plasma parameters, such as the spectral indexes q and α, the positive ion-to-electron temperature ratio, and the negative ion streaming speed (U0) significantly affect the dust grain surface potential. It is also shown that in the limit q → 1 the Cairns-Tsallis reduces to the Cairns distribution; for α = 0 the Cairns-Tsallis distribution reduces to pure Tsallis distribution and the latter reduces to Maxwellian distribution for q → 1 and α = 0.
Application of the FORSS sensitivity code system to fast reactor analysis (1975)

The FORSS Sensitivity Analysis Code System is described in terms of its objectives and present capabilities. An example is made of a problem specified by the Processing Methods Testing Subcommittee of the Code Evaluation Working Group, i.e., the determination of integral parameters, sensitivities to cross- section data, methods and data uncertainties, and required cross-section accuracies for an infinite media of ZPR 6/7 core composition. (auth)
Deep Learning for Compressive Spectral Imaging (2019)

We develop a deep learning network to recover hyperspectral images (e.g., with 24 spectral channels) from a single shot measurement. A dual-stage generative model is devised, which can finish the reconstruction task within sub-seconds instead of hours taken by the most recently proposed DeSCI algorithm with a higher quality.
Uso de hexapéptidos para preparar medicamentos de la enzima conversorta de angiotensina I (2007)

Fecha de solicitud: 11/10/2007.- Titular: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC)
Patient-reported outcomes in patients with a germline BRCA mutation and HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer receiving olaparib versus chemotherapy in the OlympiAD trial (2019)

HRQoL was consistently improved for patients treated with olaparib, compared with chemotherapy TPC.
Possibilities for XUV operation at the 1.0 GeV Stanford Fel ring (1984)

The capabilities of present high energy electron storage rings should make possible operation of storage ring FEL oscillators at wavelengths to 500 Å and below in the XUV. We describe the characteristics of a possible XUV storage ring FEL using the FEL accelerator facilities presently under development at Stanford.
An Experimental Investigation of Reactivity-Controlled Compression Ignition Combustion in a Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine Using Hydrous Ethanol (2013)

Dual-fuel reactivity-controlled compression ignition (RCCI) combustion using port injection of a less reactive fuel and early-cycle direct injection of a more reactive fuel has been shown to yield both high thermal efficiency and low NOX and soot emissions over a wide engine operating range. Conventional and alternative fuels such as gasoline, natural gas and E85 as the lower reactivity fuel in RCCI have been studied by many researchers; however, published experimental investigations of hydrous ethanol use in RCCI are scarce. Making greater use of hydrous ethanol in internal combustion engines has the potential to dramatically improve the economics and life cycle carbon dioxide emissions of using bio-ethanol. In this work, an experimental investigation was conducted using 150 proof hydrous ethanol as the low reactivity fuel and commercially-available diesel as the high reactivity fuel in an RCCI combustion mode at various load conditions. A modified single-cylinder diesel engine was used for the experiments. Based on previous studies on RCCI combustion by other researchers, early-cycle split-injection strategy of diesel fuel was used to create an in-cylinder fuel reactivity distribution to maintain high thermal efficiency and low NOX and soot emissions. At each load condition, timing and mass fraction of the first diesel injection was held constant, while timing of the second diesel injection was swept over a range where stable combustion could be maintained. Since hydrous ethanol is highly resistant to auto-ignition and has large heat of vaporization, intake air heating was needed to obtain stable operations of the engine. The study shows that 150 proof hydrous ethanol can be used as the low reactivity fuel in RCCI through 8.6 bar IMEP and with ethanol energy fraction up to 75% while achieving simultaneously low levels of NOX and soot emissions. With increasing engine load, less intake heating is needed and EGR is required to maintain low NOX emissions. Future work will look at stability of hydrous ethanol RCCI at higher engine load.
A novel buried grid device fabrication technology (1980)

A new buried grid fabrication technology based upon preferential etching and planar epitaxial refill techniques is described. This technology produces buried grids with a rectangular cross-section. The resulting improvement in the aspect ratio of the channel between the grids allows the fabrication of large area, high voltage, vertical channel field effect transistors and field controlled thyristors with very high blocking gains.
Polypohosphazene Fluoroelastomer for Denture Liners and Facial Prosthetics (1999)

Firestone PNF®-200 and later, Ethyl Eypel®-F were compounded with di- and tri-functional acrylates, BaSO4, peroxide activator, and pigment to make a hot water-curing polyphosphazene liner for removable dentures. Advantages include permanent softness (durometer A = 35), energy absorbance, fungus resistance, and bonding to PMMA dentures. Uses may also include facial prosthetics which replace parts of the face lost due to cancer, trauma, or birth defects.
ESTUDIO SOBRE EL CONSUMO DE SUSTANCIAS PSICOACTIVAS EN NIÑOS ENTRE 10 Y 12 AÑOS. ESTADO DEL ARTE Y RESULTADOS PRELIMINARES (2009)

Se presentan los resultados preliminares de la primera etapa de una investigación multidimensional sobre el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas. Se ...
Pentacyclic Triterpenoid Alkanoates in Propolis (1999)

A series of high molecular mass pentacyclic terpenoid wax esters (TTFAE) were characterized for the first time in hexane extracts of Brazilian propolis (Carangola, Minas Gerais State). Identification was by HT-HRGC (High Temperature High Resolution Gas Chromatography) and HT-HRGC coupled to mass spectrometry (HT-HRGC-MS).
HERA-B detectors with p-spray isolation on the n-side; unirradiated results (2000)

p-spray isolation of double-sided detectors is investigated by computer simulations and measurements on full-size detector prototypes. Simulations showed that a B p-spray implant doses 4/spl middot/10/sup 12/, 6/spl middot/10/sup 12/, and 8/spl middot/10/sup 12/ cm/sup -2/ and implant energy 60 keV would yield breakdown voltages above 200 V for unirradiated detectors with oxide charge 2/spl middot/10/sup 11/ cm/sup -2/. The simulations showed that the breakdown voltage decreases with increasing p-spray dose. According to the computer simulations, the detectors should perform equally well after irradiation giving an oxide charge of 1/spl middot/10/sup 12/ cm/sup -2/. HERA-B strip detectors with p-spray isolation were manufactured, using the three simulated doses. The average breakdown voltages and standard deviations were 167/spl plusmn/31 V for the 4/spl middot/10/sup 12/ cm/sup -2/ dose, 151/spl plusmn/16 V for the 6/spl middot/10/sup 12/ cm/sup -2/ dose, and 127/spl plusmn/13 V for the 8/spl middot/10/sup 12/ cm/sup -2/ dose. The measured decrease in breakdown voltage is in good agreement with the computer simulations.
HIDE AND SEEK BETWEEN ANDROMEDA'S HALO, DISK, AND GIANT STREAM (2011)

Photometry in B, V (down to V similar to 26 mag) is presented for two 23' x 23' fields of the Andromeda galaxy (M31) that were observed with the blue channel camera of the Large Binocular Telescope during the Science Demonstration Time. Each field covers an area of about 5.1 x 5.1 kpc(2) at the distance of M31 (mu(M31) similar to 24.4 mag), sampling, respectively, a northeast region close to the M31 giant stream (field S2) and an eastern portion of the halo in the direction of the galaxy minor axis (field H1). The stream field spans a region that includes Andromeda's disk and giant stream, and this is reflected in the complexity of the color-magnitude diagram of the field. One corner of the halo field also includes a portion of the giant stream. Even though these demonstration time data were obtained under non-optimal observing conditions, the B photometry, which was acquired in time-series mode, allowed us to identify 274 variable stars (among which 96 are bona fide and 31 are candidate RR Lyrae stars, 71 are Cepheids, and 16 are binary systems) by applying the image subtraction technique to the selected portions of the observed fields. Differential flux light curves were obtained for the vast majority of these variables. Our sample mainly includes pulsating stars that populate the instability strip from the Classical Cepheids down to the RR Lyrae stars, thus tracing the different stellar generations in these regions of M31 down to the horizontal branch of the oldest (t similar to 10 Gyr) component.
Large-eddy simulation of three-dimensional bundle flows (1993)

The objective of this study is to apply the large-eddy simulation (LES) technique to practical three-dimensional turbulent flows. The LES technique is emerging as one of the most promising techniques for the calculation of turbulence within industrial flow components such as steam generators and heat exchangers. In this investigation, the unsteady two- and three-dimensional flow field within a tube bundle has been calculated and compared with available experimental findings. The results of an LES calculation are time histories of the fluctuating velocity components and pressure at each mesh location. The power spectral densities (PSDS) of the time-dependent lift and drag coefficients are compared with similar data obtained experimentally. The results show that the LES calculations are in reasonable agreement with the available experimental data for both two- and three-dimensional calculations. This study also shows that the two-dimensional model provides a satisfactory simulation of the three-dimensional turbulent phenomenon occurring within the tube bundle for the cases considered.
Regulation de l'expression et fonctions des conductances potassium et calcium des lymphocytes au cours du cycle cellulaire (1994)

The apolipoprotein E (APOE, gene; apoE, protein) isoforms are associated with differential risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). An additional involvement of APOE promoter polymorphisms in AD risk has recently been suggested by several studies. Indeed, three polymorphisms of the APOE regulatory region (-219 G/T, -427 C/T and -491 A/T) have been found associated with AD even after adjustment on the apoE status. We analysed these three promoter region polymorphisms in a large French case-control study (388 AD cases and 386 controls). We found that the -427 T and -491 A alleles were associated with an increased risk of developing AD, but not the -219 G/T alleles. However, a strong linkage disequilibrium was observed between the alleles of these promoter region polymorphisms and the APOE coding region alleles. We therefore retested association after adjustment on apoE status and found that the sole association which remained significant was the association with the -427 T allele. The alpha level was equal to 0.03 (0.09 after Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons). Analysis of promoter haplotypes also yielded non-significant results. Thus our study does not reinforce the hypothesis of an independent involvement of the APOE promoter region polymorphisms in AD risk.