gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Experiments in force control of robotic manipulators (1986)

A new classification scheme for robotic force control algorithms is presented. It is shown that algorithms can be categorized according to whether they are joint-based or cartesian-based. Further, they can be grouped according to whether the innermost servo loop is based on torque, velocity, or position. For useful force control, closing an inner loop on position can greatly increase disturbance rejection while also allowing for a split rate servo controller to minimize the computational burden. Experimental results from the implementation of a new force feedback method are presented. This cartesian-based method uses an inner loop closed on position and has been implemented on an AdeptOne robot. Bias force application, force searching, and selective compliance about a synthetic remote center compliance (RCC) have all been implemented. Excellent results in free space and in hard contact have been achieved. This technique has been successfully used to assemble parts having 0.001 inch clearances.
Design and implementation of a relational database server in a heterogeneous network enviroment (1986)

This paper discusses the architecture and application program interface of a relational database server. A database server provides database access services such as ad-hoc query, database update, database creation, database administration support, etc. These services are provided to multiple application programs running on one or more networks of heterogeneous host computers. A prototype database server consisting of a relational database machine and a front-end query processor was implemented in a HYPERchannel network environment. The requirements and design of the prototype and some initial applications of the database server are discussed.
Rapid Prototyping and Tooling Technology in Jewelry CAD (2004)

Computer-Aided Design and Applications is an international journal on the applications of CAD and CAM. It publishes papers in the general domain of CAD plus in emerging fields like bio-CAD, nano-CAD, soft-CAD, garment-CAD, PLM, PDM, CAD data mining, CAD and the internet, CAD education, genetic algorithms and CAD engines. The journal is aimed at all developers and users of CAD technology to ptovide CAD solutions for various stages of design and manufacturing. The journal publishes all about Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Aided technologies.
Exploring the use of data envelopment analysis for evaluation in primary care (2003)

Primary care is currently at the heart of the National Health Service policy. The newly established organisations, known as Primary Care Groups and Trusts (PCG/Ts), have the crucial role of improving the efficiency and equity in primary care delivery. However, not many studies have focused on performance assessment in primary care provision.\n\nIn this thesis we aim to contribute to a discussion regarding appropriate ways to compare the performance of primary care providers and the effective ways to use these results in order to improve performance in primary care. Following a review of the literature, a conceptual framework for performance assessment in primary care was developed in collaboration with a sample of PCG/Ts. This framework aims to establish a link between the local needs, the resources used, the services delivered and the outcomes achieved in primary care. Based on the relationships between these elements, four performance assessment criteria were defined: equity, efficiency, service effectiveness and cost effectiveness. DEA is then proposed to measure efficiency, service effectiveness and cost effectiveness, given the fact that it can handle multiple inputs and outputs without requiring the specification of a functional form.\n\nFollowing the Government’s policy of focusing on the management of chronic diseases, this conceptual framework is then applied to compare the performance of a sample of GP surgeries in terms of their delivery of diabetes care. An exploratory and formative comparison is undertaken in order to investigate why certain surgeries appear to perform better than others, and in order to identify ways in which some of the surgeries can improve their performance. The relationships between the different performance criteria are also investigated, together with the ways in which an adequate balance between the different criteria can be achieved.\n\nSeveral conclusions are arrived at and several contributions arc made to this research area. The usefulness of complementing efficiency analysis with equity and effectiveness analysis; the usefulness of following a formative methodology in the use of DEA; the importance of estimating the costs involved in achieving speciality based outcomes; the importance of area deprivation in the achievement of effectiveness and the limitations of the data available in primary care in England.\n
Nonlinear macroscopic polarization in III-V nitride alloys (2001)

We study the dependence of macroscopic polarization on composition and strain in wurtzite III-V nitride ternary alloys using ab initio density-functional techniques. The spontaneous polarization is characterized by a large bowing, strongly dependent on the alloy microscopic structure. The bowing is due to the different response of the bulk binaries to hydrostatic pressure and to internal strain effects (bond alternation). Disorder effects are instead minor. Deviations from parabolicity (simple bowing) are of order 10% in the most extreme case of AlInN alloys, much less at all other compositions. Piezoelectric polarization is also strongly nonlinear. At variance with the spontaneous component, this behavior is independent of microscopic alloy structure or disorder effects, and due entirely to the nonlinear strain dependence of the bulk piezoelectric response. It is thus possible to predict the piezoelectric polarization for any alloy composition using the piezoelectricity of the parent binaries.
Pathology of Nerve Agents: Perspectives on Medical Management (1985)

Pathology of Nerve Agents: Perspectives on Medical Management. MCLEOD, C. G., JR. (1985). Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 5, S10–S16. Recent investigations at several institutes have demonstrated extensive acute brain pathology in experimental animals exposed to single subcutaneous doses of the chemical warfare nerve agents soman or sarin. Lesions include neuronal and neurophil degeneration, necrosis, and in animals that survive for several weeks, a degenerative encephalopathy characterized by mineralization, encephalomalacia, atrophy, and hydrocephalus. The cerebral cortex, amygdaloid complex, hippocampus, and multiple thalamic nuclei are consistently affected. This pattern of injury resembles that described for epilepsy and ischemic brain injury. Some animals have cardiac lesions characterized by acute necrosis with subsequent mild inflammation and fibrosis. Anticonvulsants protect experimental animals from lesion development. In rats, this encephalopathy causes long-range behavioral changes characterized by hyperactivity during routine handling and variances in traditional behavioral tests. The histopathologic features and distribution of lesions in nerve agent-poisoned animals support the hypothesis that epileptiform seizure activity is a major factor in nerve agent pathology. Other localized insults such as ischemia and hypoxia probably contribute to the pathogenesis.
Liquid Chromatographic Determinationof Fumonisins B1, B2, and B3 in Foods and Feeds (1992)

Abstract Three recently described and toxlcologlcally Important Fusarlum mycotoxins, fumonisln B1 (FB1), fumonisln B2 (FB2), and fumonisln B3 (FB3), are the major fumonisins produced In cultures of F. monlllforme, a fungus that occurs worldwide on corn. Contamination of food and feed with F. monlllforme has been associated with a number of diseases In both animals and humans. Aspects of a recently reported liquid chromatographic method for the determination of FB1 and FB2 in corn, including Initial extraction, extract purification, and stability of derivatives, were Investigated and, where necessary, optimized further both to reduce the analysis time and to include the co-determlnatlon of FB3. The method was applied for the determination of FB3, in a series of U.S. feed samples associated with outbreaks of equine leukoencephalomalacla, which were shown previously to contain both FBi and FB2. Twelve of the 13 feed samples contained FB3 at levels ranging between 50 and 2650 ng/g, corresponding to 2.2-18% of the total fumonisln concentrations present in the FB3-posltlve feed samples. This is the first report of the natural occurrence of FB3.
Distribution of mtDNA haplogroup X among Native North Americans (1999)

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) samples of 70 Native Americans, most of whom had been found not to belong to any of the four common Native American haplogroups (A, B, C, and D), were analyzed for the presence of Dde I site losses at np 1715 and np 10394. These two mutations are characteristic of haplogroup X which might be of European origin. The first hypervariable segment (HVSI) of the non-coding control region (CR) of mtDNA of a representative selection of samples exhibiting these mutations was sequenced to confirm their assignment to haplogroup X. Thirty-two of the samples exhibited the restriction site losses characteristic of haplogroup X and, when sequenced, a representative selection (n = 11) of these exhibited the CR mutations commonly associated with haplogroup X, C --> T transitions at np 16278 and 16223, in addition to as many as three other HVSI mutations. The wide distribution of this haplogroup throughout North America, and its prehistoric presence there, are consistent with its being a fifth founding haplogroup exhibited by about 3% of modern Native Americans. Its markedly nonrandom distribution with high frequency in certain regions, as for the other four major mtDNA haplogroups, should facilitate establishing ancestor/descendant relationships between modern and prehistoric groups of Native Americans. The low frequency of haplogroups other than A, B, C, D, and X among the samples studied suggests a paucity of both recent non-Native American maternal admixture in alleged fullblood Native Americans and mutations at the restriction sites that characterize the five haplogroups as well as the absence of additional (undiscovered) founding haplogroups.
Abbreviated resettlement action plan (2009)

Ancient lakes have provided considerable insights into the drivers of speciation and adaptive radiation in aquatic organisms. Most studies of species-flocks, however, focus only on a single group of organisms, and few have attempted to integrate geological, limnological, ecological, and genetic drivers of speciation on multiple species-flocks at various trophic levels. As such, there is a need for a comprehensive model system for research on speciation in aquatic environments where multiple radiations are investigated at various levels of biological organization (e.g., individual, population, and ecosystem) and placed in light of geographical and geological setting. The ancient Malili Lakes of Sulawesi, Indonesia, are ideal candidates for such a model, and represent the only hydrologically connected ancient lakes in the world. These lakes are characterized by ultra-oligotrophy and unique physicochemical conditions that govern the composition and production of planktonic communities. At higher trophic levels, there are three recurring trends: (1) low taxonomic richness and simple community structures, (2) adaptive radiations with trophic specialization, and (3) remarkably high endemism with evolutionary innovations throughout the lakes and species-flocks. Furthermore, the restricted geographic distributions of species-flocks within the Malili Lakes indicate that each lake constitutes a unique environment, and dispersal among lakes is limited, despite close contemporary connectivity. These observations suggest that ecological and evolutionary processes are regulated from the bottom up, and speciation is primarily facilitated by interspecific and intraspecific competition for limited resources. The Malili Lakes represent an outstanding natural model for integrative research into speciation as they offer the opportunity to explore the roles of geography, dispersal, and selection in the radiation of aquatic organisms.
Thickness-Dependent DC Electrical Breakdown of Polyimide Modulated by Charge Transport and Molecular Displacement (2018)

Polyimide has excellent electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties and is widely used as a dielectric material in electrical equipment and electronic devices. However, the influencing mechanism of sample thickness on electrical breakdown of polyimide has not been very clear until now. The direct current (DC) electrical breakdown properties of polyimide as a function of thickness were investigated by experiments and simulations of space charge modulated electrical breakdown (SCEB) model and charge transport and molecular displacement modulated (CTMD) model. The experimental results show that the electrical breakdown field decreases with an increase in the sample thickness in the form of an inverse power function, and the inverse power index is 0.324. Trap properties and carrier mobility were also measured for the simulations. Both the simulation results obtained by the SCEB model and the CTMD model have the inverse power forms of breakdown field as a function of thickness with the power indexes of 0.030 and 0.339. The outputs of the CTMD model were closer to the experiments. This indicates that the displacement of a molecular chain with occupied deep traps enlarging the free volume might be a main factor causing the DC electrical breakdown field of polyimide varying with sample thickness.
Sliding Empirical Mode Decomposition (2010)

Biomedical signals are in general non-linear and non-stationary which renders them difficult to analyze with classical time series analysis techniques. Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) in conjunction with a Hilbert spectral transform, together called Hilbert-Huang Transform, is ideally suited to extract informative components which are characteristic of underlying biological or physiological processes. The method is fully adaptive and generates a complete set of orthogonal basis functions, called Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs), in a purely data-driven manner. Amplitude and frequency of IMFs may vary over time which renders them different from conventional basis systems and ideally suited to study non-linear and non-stationary time series. However, biomedical time series are often recorded over long time periods. This generates the need for efficient EMD algorithms which can analyze the data in real time. No such algorithms yet exist which are robust, efficient and easy to implement. The contribution shortly reviews the technique of EMD and related algorithms and develops an on-line variant, called Sliding Empirical Mode Decomposition (SEMD), which is shown to perform well on large scale time series.
New data on microbial communities and related sponge fauna from the Alkaline Satonda Crater Lake (Sumbawa, Indonesia) (1996)

The small erater lake of the Island Satonda is characterized\nby highly alkaline conditions as a whole probably due\nto an intense sulfate reduction in the deep anoxic water\nbody. Some portions of the highly alkali ne water is penetrating\nthrough the uppermost pycnocline and increases the\nalkalinity in the upper oxic water body (alkalinity pump). The\nupper water body is beside its slightly increased alkalinity\n(4-5 meq/I) eharacterized by a decreased salinity (32 %0).\nThis special hydroehemical situation let to a very speeific\nand endemie development of the biota. Cyanobacteria and\nheterotrophie microbes exhibit large diversities in contrast to\njust one sponge taxon (Suberites/Polmastia n. sp.). Common\nare cyanobacteria of the taxa Pleurocapsa, Phormidium,\nCalothrix, Spirulina, Microcoleus and Microcystaeea.
Passive radon/thoron personal dosimeter using an electrostatic collector and a diffused-junction detector (1985)

A solid-state alpha dosimeter has been designed and tested suitable for personal and environmental radon/thoron monitoring. The dosimeter basically consists of an electrostatic collector and an alpha-particle counting system with spectroscopy capabilities. The sensitive volume (∼20 cm3) of the electrostatic collector consists of a cylindrically shaped metal wire screen and a diffused-junction silicon alpha-detector covered with a thin aluminized Mylar sheet. A dc voltage (∼500 V) is applied between the wire screen and the Mylar sheet, with the latter held at negative potential relative to the former. Data can be retrieved during or after sampling by means of a microcomputer (Epson HX20) via a RS–232 communication interface unit. The dosimeter has been calibrated in a large (26 m3) radon/thoron test facility. A linear relationship was found between the dosimeter’s alpha-count and both radon gas concentration and radon daughter working level. The dosimeter is mounted on top of an ordinary miner’s cap lamp battery and is ideally suited for personal monitoring in underground uranium mines and other working areas. The dosimeter presented here is a considerably improved version of an earlier prototype.
Kinematics and CMD of the globular cluster NGC 4147 (2000)

Astrometry and BVRI CCD photometry of 115 stars down to B = 17.6 in the region of about 11' x 11' around the globular cluster NGC 4147 was performed. In the astrometric reduction, three earlier epoch plates taken at Sheshan, Shanghai, China, in 1958 and four recent epoch B-passband CCD frames taken at Kavalur, India, were used. The data were reduced to a catalogue based on measurements of stars on seven plates with an epoch period from 1917 to 1979 taken in Bonn, Germany, and ultimately to the Hipparcos catalogue. The reduction was done with the central overlapping method. Based on the new proper motion data, the membership probabilities of 115 stars were determined. Furthermore, three colour magnitude diagrams (CMD) of Sr versus B - V, V - R and V - I, respectively, for HE and GB stars were constructed from CCD photometry obtained with the Vainu Bappu Telescope. An absolute proper motion of the cluster of -2.08 +/- 0.48 mas/yr in right ascension and -3.07 +/- 0.46 mas/yr in declination has been obtained. The space velocity and apogalactic distance of the cluster with respect to the Galactic standard of rest were calculated. In contrast to the first results given in the literature we obtain a significantly lower velocity and a smaller apogalactic distance for NGC 4147.
Irreversible Electroporation (2015)

Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a predominantly nonthermal ablative technology that uses high-voltage, low-energy DC current pulses to induce cell death. Thermal ablative technologies such as radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, and cryoablation have several applications in oncology but have limitations that have been established. IRE has shown promise to overcome some of these limitations. This article reviews the basics of the technology, patient selection, clinical applications, practical pointers, and the published data.
Aptamer selection express: a novel method for rapid single-step selection and sensing of aptamers. (2008)

Here we describe a new DNA capture element (DCE) sensing system, based on the quenching and dequenching of a double-stranded aptamer. This system shows very good sensitivity and thermal stability. While quenching, dequenching, and separating the DCE systems made from different aptamers (all selected by SELEX), an alternative method to rapidly select aptamers was developed-the Aptamer Selection Express (ASExp). This process has been used to select aptamers against different types of targets (Bacillus anthracis spores, Bacillus thuringiensis spores, MS-2 bacteriophage, ovalbumin, and botulinum neurotoxin). The DCE systems made from botulinum neurotoxin aptamers selected by ASExp have been investigated. The results of this investigation indicate that ASExp can be used to rapidly select aptamers for the DCE sensing system.
THE PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF INFANTILE HYPERCALCEMIA: A PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION (1985)

A sample of 23 children aged seven to 12 years with diagnoses of infantile hypercalcaemia was assessed on a battery of psychological tests and rating scales in an attempt to describe the psychological characteristics of this disorder. All children were found to have a mild or moderate degree of mental handicap. As a group, their expressive language skills were superior to their verbal comprehension. They displayed a high degree of behaviour and emotional disorders, most notably in terms of high levels of activity. Most children were reported as being highly sensitive to noise. This study clarifies some of the psychological correlates of infantile hypercalcaemia and some implications for management are suggested.
Linear-Quadratic Control of a MEMS Micromirror Using Kalman Filtering (2011)

Abstract : The deflection limitations of electrostatic flexure-beam actuators are well known. Specifically, as the beam is actuated and the gap traversed, the restoring force necessary for equilibrium increases proportionally with the displacement to first order, while the electrostatic actuating force increases with the inverse square of the gap. Equilibrium, and thus stable open-loop voltage control, ceases at one-third the total gap distance, leading to actuator snap-in. A Kalman Filter is designed with an appropriately complex state dynamics model to accurately estimate actuator deflection given voltage input and capacitance measurements, which are then used by a Linear Quadratic controller to generate a closed-loop voltage control signal. The constraints of the latter are designed to maximize stable control over the entire gap. The design and simulation of the Kalman Filter and controller are presented and discussed, with static and dynamic responses analyzed, as applied to basic, 100 micrometer by 100 micrometer square, flexure-beam-actuated micromirrors fabricated by PolyMUMPs. Successful application of these techniques enables demonstration of smooth, stable deflections of 50% and 75% of the gap.
Face recognition based on the fusion of global and local HOG features of face images (2013)

Histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) descriptor was initially applied to human detection and achieved great success. In recent years, HOG descriptor has also been applied to face recognition. However, comparing with other sophisticated feature descriptors such as LBP, Gabor and so on, there are still considerable research space on the application of HOG features for face recognition. There are two main contributions. On one hand, the main parameters are statistically analysed characterising HOG descriptor for face recognition, which seems to be not discussed clearly in literatures so far. On the other hand, a novel framework for face recognition based on the fusion of global and local HOG features has been proposed. Face images are first illumination normalised by the DoG filter. Secondly, global and local HOG features are extracted by PCA + LDA or LDA with different framework. Finally, in decision level, global and local classifiers are built by the nearest neighbour classifier, after that, two classifiers are fused by a weighted sum rule. Experimental results on two large‐scale face databases FERET and CAS‐PEAL‐R1 show that, in comparison with 12 state‐of‐the‐art approaches of face recognition, the proposed method achieves the highest average recognition rate.