gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SO <sub>3</sub> ‐Einschiebungsreaktionen bei Organopentacarbonyl‐rhenium(I)‐Verbindungen (1971)

Durch Einschiebung von SO3 in die Metall-Kohlenstoff-Bindung von CH3Re(CO)5 (1), C6H5Re(CO)5 (2) und p-CH3C6H4Re(CO)5 (3) gelingt gemäß Gl. (1) die Darstellung der noch unbekannten Sulfonato-Komplexe CH3SO3ReI(CO)5 (4), C6H5SO3ReI(CO)5 (5) und p-CH3C6H4SO3ReI(CO)5 (6). Die Zusammensetzung und Struktur dieser Verbindungen wurde mit Hilfe von 1H-NMR-, massen- und IR-spektroskopischen Untersuchungen ermittelt. SO3-Insertion into Organopentacarbonylrhenium(I) Compounds The hitherto unknown sulfonato complexes CH3SO3ReI(CO)5 (4), C6H5SO3ReI(CO)5 (5), and p-CH3C6H4SO3ReI (CO)5 (6) are obtained according to equation (1) by insertion of SO3 into the metal-carbon bond of CH3Re(CO)5 (1), C6H5Re(CO)5 (2), and p-CH3C6H4Re(CO)5 (3). The composition and the structure of these compounds result from 1H n. m. r., mass, and i. r. spectroscopic investigations.
Painful sensory neuropathy (1999)

Patients presenting with painful feet are heterogeneous, consisting of both large and small fiber sensory neuropathies. In rare cases, a central cause for pain can be found. Over one-third of patients required a skin biopsy to diagnose a small fiber sensory neuropathy. A limited battery of blood tests facilitated diagnosis, but serum antinerve antibodies were not helpful.
Estimation of isometric recruitment curves of electrically stimulated muscle (1988)

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1988.
Long-acting medications for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2015)

This article explores the role of anticholinergic medications for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It provides an overview of COPD and outlines the current long-activing anti-muscarinic bronchodilators available. It also looks at issues such as side-effects, adherence, and how these treatments compare with other long-acting drug therapies for COPD.
A genome-wide expression analysis identifies a network of EpCAM-induced cell cycle regulators (2008)

Expression of the epithelial cell adhesion molecule EpCAM is upregulated in a variety of carcinomas. This antigen is therefore explored in tumour diagnosis, and clinical trials have been initiated to examine EpCAM-based therapies. Notably, the possible intracellular effects and signalling pathways triggered by EpCAM-specific antibodies are unknown. Here, we show treatment of the mouse lung carcinoma cell line A2C12, of the human lung carcinoma cell line A549 and the human colorectal cell line Caco-2 with the monoclonal EpCAM antibody G8.8 to cause dose dependently an increase in cell proliferation, as determined by the MTS and the 5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) labelling assay. Furthermore, a genome-wide approach identified networks of regulated genes, most notably cell cycle regulators, upon treatment with an EpCAM-specific antibody. Indeed, changes in the expression of cell cycle regulators agreed well with the BrdU labelling data, and an analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed the processes with the strongest over-representation of modulated genes, for example, cell cycle, cell death, cellular growth and proliferation, and cancer. These data suggest that EpCAM is involved in signal transduction triggering several intracellular signalling pathways. Knowing EpCAM signalling pathways might lead to a reassessment of EpCAM-based therapies.
Breast cancer targeting novel microRNA-nanoparticles for imaging (2009)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are one of the most prevalent small (~22 nucleotide) regulatory RNA classes in animals. These miRNAs constitute nearly one percent of genes in the human genome, making miRNA genes one of the more abundant types of regulatory molecules. MiRNAs have been shown to play important roles in cell development, apoptosis, and other fundamental biological processes. MiRNAs exert their influence through complementary base-pairing with specific target mRNAs, leading to degradation or translational repression of the targeted mRNA. We have identified and tested a novel microRNA (miR-491) and demonstrated increased apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) and in human breast cancer cells (HBT3477) in vitro. We prepared a novel cancer targeting assembly of gold nanoparticles (GNP) with Quantum dots, miR-491, and MAb-ChL6 coupled through streptavidin/biotin for effective transfection, and to induce apoptosis in specific cancer cells for imaging and targeted therapy. The targeting and apoptosis inducing ability was tested by confocal and electron microscopy. The MAb-GNP-miR491-Qdot construct effectively transfected into the HBT3477 cells and induced apoptosis the confirmation of these results would suggest a new class of molecules for the imaging and therapy of breast cancer.
MecA dampens transitions to spore, biofilm exopolysaccharide and competence expression by two different mechanisms (2011)

The adapter protein MecA targets the transcription factor ComK for degradation by the ClpC/ClpP proteolytic complex, thereby negatively regulating competence in Bacillus subtilis. Here we show that MecA also decreases the frequency of transitions to the sporulation pathway as well as the expression of eps, which encodes synthesis of the biofilm matrix exopolysaccharide. We present genetic and biophysical evidence that MecA downregulates eps expression and spore formation by directly interacting with Spo0A. MecA does not target Spo0A for degradation, and apparently does not prevent the phosphorylation of Spo0A. We propose that it inhibits the transcriptional activity of Spo0A∼P by direct binding. Thus, in its interaction with Spo0A, MecA differs from its role in the regulation of competence where it targets ComK for degradation. MecA acts as a general buffering protein for development, acting by two distinct mechanisms to regulate inappropriate transitions to energy-intensive pathways.
Potential Therapeutic Application of Intravenous Autologous Bone Marrow Infusion in Patients with Alcoholic Liver Cirrhosis (2011)

The present study was conducted to evaluate the application and efficacy of autologous bone marrow infusion (ABMi) for improvement of liver function in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis (ALC). Five subjects and 5 control patients with ALC who had abstained from alcohol intake for 24 weeks before the study were enrolled. Autologous bone marrow cells were washed and injected intravenously, and the changes in serum liver function parameters, and the level of the type IV collagen 7S domain as a marker of fibrosis, were monitored for 24 weeks. The distribution of activated bone marrow was assessed by indium-111-chloride bone marrow scintigraphy. The number of cells infused was 8.0±7.3×10(9) (mean±standard error). The serum levels of albumin and total protein and the prothrombin time were significantly higher during the follow-up period after ABMi than during the observation period in treated patients, whereas no such changes were observed in the controls. In the patients who received ABMi, the Child-Pugh score decreased in all 3 who were classified as class B; the serum levels of type IV collagen 7S domain improved in 4 of the 5 patients; and bone marrow scintigraphy demonstrated an increase of indium-111-chloride uptake in 3 of the 4 patients tested. ABMi for patients with ALC helps improve liver function parameters in comparison with observation during abstinence and ameliorates the degree of fibrosis in terms of serum markers and bone marrow activation in most cases.
Invited Discussion (2005)

The authors investigate the potential of a reverse end-to-side repair ot facilitate nerve regeneration. They conclude that while an end-to-side repair will not support regeneration into a normal nerve, it will regenerate in an end-to-side fashion into a denervated nerve.
Tactile Display for a Surface Texture Sensation (1997)

Abstract The authors have developed tactile displays which have vibrating pins to convey the surface texture sensation of object surfaces to the user’s fingertip. The tactile sensation intensity scaling was performed to obtain a sensation scale of the display by means of the JND (just noticeable difference) method. One dimensional curves on the scale were displayed to investigate the human sensitivity to an intensity change rate. A tactile texture presentation method based on the image of an object surface is introduced. Two kinds of experiment were performed to discuss the feature of the method. Texture discrimination is the first one, in which the effect of texture element size to the correct separation was discussed. Then the sensations produced by the display and those by real objects were compared regarding several samples that had a major feature of vertical lines and of not containing low frequencies. The results are summarized, which is followed by the future research work.
Percutaneous stereotactic brain tumour biopsy and cyst aspiration with a non-invasive frame (1990)

A non-invasive Stereoadapter was used for stereotactic CT-guided percutaneous brain biopsy in 18 patients with 16 solid tumours and four cysts. The Stereoadapter was mounted on the patient's head using ear plugs and a nasion support. After the CT study, the Stereoadapter was detached. The target was simulated on a phantom base and a probe carrier attached to the Stereoadapter. For surgery, the Stereoadapter with the probe carrier was remounted to the patient's head. Local anaesthesia was mainly used. Tissue samples were aspirated with a 2 mm diameter Sedan-Nashold biopsy cannula, introduced through a twist drill hole. Conclusive histological/cytological diagnosis was obtained in 16 of the 20 lesions. The new method proved to be reliable and quick. Since the imaging study and the surgery could be separated in time and place, the biopsy procedure was less time-consuming than previous methods of stereotactic biopsy using an invasive frame.
Improving skin lesion segmentation in dermoscopic images by thin artefacts removal methods (2016)

In dermoscopic images, various thin artefacts naturally appear, most usually in the form of hairs. While trying to find the border of the skin lesion, these artefacts effect the lesion segmentation methods and also the subsequent classification. Currently, there is a lot of research focus in this area and various methods are presented both for skin lesion segmentation and thin artefacts removal. In this paper, we investigate into three different thin artefacts removal methods and compare their results using two different skin lesion segmentation methods. The segmentation results are compared with ground truth segmentation. In addition, we introduce our novel artefacts removal method, which combined with the Expectation Maximization image segmentation outperforms all the tested methods.
Synaptic plasticity and learning and memory: LTP and beyond (1999)

Long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic activity is by far the most popular and widely researched model of synaptic plastic changes that might occur during learning. Numerous recent reports, however, have not found a correlation between the inducibility of LTP in the hippocampus and the ability of animals to learn hippocampus-dependent tasks. For example, some experiments with gene deletion (knockout) mice strains have shown that in some strains LTP is not inducible in the dentate gyrus, in area CA3, or CA1, but the animals are still able to learn spatial tasks. This apparent mismatch has rejuvenated the discussion concerning whether LTP is a good model for mechanisms that underlie memory formation in the nervous system. This review analyzes the conditions under which LTP is induced or learning takes place and suggests reasons for the mismatches that can occur and what we can learn from them. High-frequency stimulation protocols and in vitro assays cannot be seen to resemble natural firing patterns or conditions found in the brain. More physiological experimental conditions, especially in vivo recording in awake animals, could lead the way to the development of improved models of learning mechanisms that better correlate with learning abilities of animals.
Robust lidar-based closed-loop wake redirection for wind farm control (2017)

Wind turbine wake redirection is a promising concept for wind farm control to increase the total power of a wind farm. Further, the concept aims to avoid partial wake overlap on a downwind wind turbine and hence aims to decrease structural loads. Controller for wake redirection need to account for model uncertainties due to the complexity of wake dynamics. Therefore, this work focuses first on modeling a wind farm using an uncertain plant description and second on the design of a robust H∞ controller for closed-loop wake redirection by applying standard robust modeling and control techniques on a wind farm. The wake center position is estimated and fed back to a controller which uses the yaw actuator to redirect the wake. For several inflow conditions, step simulations are conducted and system identifications are performed to obtain multiple plant models. This set of models is used to derive a nominal plant and an uncertainty set. Both the nominal model and the uncertainty set define the uncertain plant model. The robust controller is then designed showing promising results in a medium-fidelity CFD simulation model with time-varying inflow conditions.
Measuring contrast sensitivity with gratings: A new simple technique for the early diagnosis of retinal and neurological disease. (1979)

The measurement of contrast sensitivity using gratings is a new clinical procedure which yields information about the functioning of the visual system. Previously, this type of information has not been readily obtainable in the clinical environment. This article includes the basic concepts of measuring contrast sensitivity with gratings and preliminary clinical results.
Biooxidation capacity of the extremely thermoacidophilic archaeonMetallosphaera sedula under bioenergetic challenge (1998)

The biooxidation capacity of an extremely thermoacidophilic archaeon Metallosphaera sedula (DSMZ 5348) was examined under bioenergetic challenges imparted by thermal or chemical stress in regard to its potential use in microbial bioleaching processes. Within the normal growth temperature range of M. sedula (70-79 degrees C) at pH 2.0, upward temperature shifts resulted in bioleaching rates that followed an Arrhenius-like dependence. When the cells were subjected to supraoptimal temperatures through gradual thermal acclimation at 81 degrees C (Han et al., 1997), cell densities were reduced but 3 to 5 times faster specific leaching rates (Fe3+ released from iron pyrite/cell/h) could be achieved by the stressed cells compared to cells at 79 degrees C and 73 degrees C, respectively. The respiration capacity of M. sedula growing at 74 degrees C was challenged by poisoning the cells with uncouplers to generate chemical stress. When the protonophore 2,4-dinitrophenol (5-10 μM) was added to a growing culture of M. sedula on iron pyrite, there was little effect on specific leaching rates compared to a culture with no protonophore at 74 degrees C; 25 μM levels proved to be toxic to M. sedula. However, a significant stimulation in specific rate was observed when the cells were subjected to 1 μM nigericin (+135%) and 2 μM (+63%); 5 μM levels of the ionophore completely arrested cell growth. The ionophore effect was further investigated in continuous culture growing on ferrous sulfate at 74 degrees C. When 1 μM nigericin was added as a pulse to a continuous culture, a 30% increase in specific iron oxidation rate was observed for short intervals, indicating a potential positive impact on leaching when periodic chemical stress is applied. This study suggests that biooxidation rates can be increased by strategic exposure of extreme thermoacidophiles to chemical or thermal stress, and this approach should be considered for improving process performance. Copyright 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The Spike in the C<sub>60</sub><sup>•-</sup> ESR Spectrum:  Oxygen Effect and Negative Temperature Dependence of the C<sub>60</sub>O<sub>2</sub><sup>•-</sup> Isomerization Rate (1997)

A stable, broad ESR signal (g = 1.998, ΔHpp = 37.0 G) of the C60•- anion radical was generated by irradiation of a C60−toluene solution in the presence of organic salt, [(ph)3P]2N+(ph)4B-, and 14.3% methanol. Upon exposure to molecular oxygen, the broad band gradually diminishes and a narrow band of g = 2.0008 and ΔHpp = 3.32 G (hereafter, band b) grows, which further transforms to another narrow band of g = 2.0026 and ΔHpp = 1.67 G (hereafter, band c). The transformation rate of bands b to c was found to be negative temperature dependent, i.e., the higher the temperature, the slower the transformation rate. At high temperatures (e.g., 365 K) and in polar solvents (e.g., 30% methanol in toluene), band c can reversibly transform back to band b. Microwave power saturation experiments show that band c has much longer relaxation times than band b. Both bands b and c resemble the “spike” commonly observed in the C60•- anion radical ESR spectra and were designated to two isomers of the C60O2•- anion radical. A kinetic model was derived to account for the negative temperature-dependent transformation rate of bands b to c.
Regulation of Purine Nucleotide Biosynthesis in<i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (1973)

The effects of adenine and (or) guanosine concentration on the accumulation of inosine, xanthosine, adenosine and succino-adenosine were studied with various purine auxotrophs of Bacillus subtilis K strain. Genetical derepression of the common pathway enzymes resulted in increase in the accumulation of inosine, xanthosine and adenosine. Co-operative repression system of a common pathway enzyme, succino-AMP lyase with respect to adenine and guanosine, was confirmed under the condition of the accumulation test. From these and the relating other studies it was concluded that the synthesis of AMP was regulated mainly by the inhibition of PRPP amidotransferase by AMP and secondly by the repression of the common pathway enzymes by adenine and guanosine, that the synthesis of GMP was regulated mainly by the inhibition and repression of IMP dehydrogenase by guanine derivatives and that GMP was synthesized in preference to AMP at the branch point, IMP.
Pharmacological treatment of lipid disorders in diabetes (2004)

Summary

Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) experience myocardial infarction to the extent that the disease has been classified as a coronary artery disease (CAD) equivalent. This risk is related in part to lipid abnormalities, some of which can be corrected by a change in lifestyle, whereas others require drug therapy. To correct high levels of triglycerides, fibrates are often used. These agents reduce very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) and can increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Niacin is also used to treat elevated triglycerides and raise HDL-C, although some adjustment in hypoglycaemic therapy may be required. The statins can be used for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reduction with modest improvement in triglyceride and HDL-C levels. Statin therapy has proven effective in preventing vascular events in the patients with diabetes included in large trials. However, combination therapy may be required to successfully treat the combined elevations of LDL and triglycerides found in many patients with T2DM. Some patients may be at more risk of myopathy or liver dysfunction with combination therapy, and this requires monitoring for adequate safety.
Superradiance and Motional Narrowing of Exciton-Polaritons in J-Aggregate Thin Films (2007)

We investigate dispersion of J-aggregate thin films of varying thickness. Reflectance measurements and simulations suggest a "superradiance" effect in thick films similar to that observed in multiple-quantum wells in addition to evidence of motional narrowing.
The laser-drop method: a new approach to induce multiple photon chemistry with pulsed lasers. Examples involving reactions of diphenylmethyl and cumyloxyl radicals (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe laser-drop method: a new approach to induce multiple photon chemistry with pulsed lasers. Examples involving reactions of diphenylmethyl and cumyloxyl radicalsJ. T. Banks and J. C. ScaianoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 14, 6409–6413Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00067a067https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00067a067research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views242Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effects of Long-Term Treatment with Recombinant Human Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor in Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndrome (1995)

We examined the effects of long-term treatment with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) in 61 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Patients were randomly assigned to receive daily subcutaneous injection of 60 micrograms/m2, 125 micrograms/m2 or 250 micrograms/m2 for 8 weeks. A significant increase in granulocyte counts including neutrophils and eosinophils was shown from one week after the start of the treatment in all three dose groups. The increase in granulocyte counts reached a plateau at the 4th week and was sustained during the treatment period. However, no consistent change in other cell lineages including monocytes, lymphocytes, reticulocytes and platelets were observed. Nevertheless peak-levels of these cells were significantly higher than the pre-treatment levels. In higher dose groups, the number of patients developing infections was reduced. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events among the 3 dose groups, and the toxicity was generally well-tolerated. These observations indicate that treatment with rhGM-CSF can be of potential therapeutic benefit to patients with MDS.