gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Large deflections of variable-arc-length beams under uniform self weight: Analytical and experimental (2005)

This paper presents the solution of large static deflection due to uniformly distributed self weight and the critical or maximum applied uniform loading that a simply supported beam with variable-arc-length can resist. Two analytical approaches are presented and validated experimentally. The first approach is a finite-element discretization of the span length based on the variational formulation, which gives the solution of large static sag deflections for the stable equilibrium case. The second approach is the shooting method based on an elastica theory formulation. This method gives the results of the stable and unstable equilibrium configurations, and the critical uniform loading. Experimental studies were conducted to complement the analytical results for the stable equilibrium case. The measured large static configurations are found to be in good agreement with the two analytical approaches, and the critical uniform self weight obtained experimentally also shows good correlation with the shooting method.
Comparative Genomics of <i>Salmonella</i> <i>enterica</i> Serovar Typhi Strains Ty2 and CT18 (2003)

We present the 4.8-Mb complete genome sequence of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi strain Ty2, a human-specific pathogen causing typhoid fever. A comparison with the genome sequence of recently isolated S. enterica serovar Typhi strain CT18 showed that 29 of the 4,646 predicted genes in Ty2 are unique to this strain, while 84 genes are unique to CT18. Both genomes contain more than 200 pseudogenes; 9 of these genes in CT18 are intact in Ty2, while 11 intact CT18 genes are pseudogenes in Ty2. A half-genome interreplichore inversion in Ty2 relative to CT18 was confirmed. The two strains exhibit differences in prophages, insertion sequences, and island structures. While CT18 carries two plasmids, one conferring multiple drug resistance, Ty2 has no plasmids and is sensitive to antibiotics.
Swirling flows between coaxial cylinders with injection by radial jets (1975)

An experimental program has been carried out to investigate a class of flows which is of interest with regard to the aeroelastic flutter of flexible cylinders. The flowfield of interest is the swirling flow between two concentric cylinders, of which the inner one is stationary and the outer one rotates. Air is admitted into the annulus between the cylinders through inlets in the wall of the rotating outer cylinder near one end of the apparatus and is exhausted through an annular outlet surrounding the inner cylinder near the other end. Measurements of the resulting flowfield have been made for a wide range of flow rates, outer cylinder rotational speeds, and inlet geometries. Approximate scaling laws for the velocity field have been developed, and dimensionless parameters have been defined which correlate the effects of the various inlet conditions which were tested. Nomenclature Aan = cross-sectional area of annulus A„ = total cross-sectional area of inlets d = internal diameter of inlet tubes / = inner cylinder structural frequency I = length of inlet tubes m =mass flow, Ibm/sec M = dimensionless momentum flux quantity, Eq. (4) N = number of inlets p,pt = static pressure, pitot pressure r = radius from cylinder axis Rj = radius of inner cylinder (outside) R0 = radius of outer cylinder (inside) R = dimensionless radius = (r-Rt)/(R0 —/?/) t = dimensionless residence time quantity, Eq. (5) Um = average axial velocity in the annulus =m/pAan V = magnitude of fluid velocity Vn = average radial velocity in inlets =m/pAn Vt = tangential component of fluid velocity Vz = axial component of fluid velocity z = axial coordinate 0 = yaw angle A = pitot pressure referenced to the static pressure at the inner cylinder =prp(Ri) T =Vtr, circulation T0 =uR20, (ideal) circulation at outer cylinder oj = angular velocity of outer cylinder
Motion planning of multiple mobile robots for cooperative manipulation and transportation (2003)

In this paper, we propose a motion-planning method of multiple mobile robots for cooperative transportation of a large object in a three-dimensional environment. This task has various kinds of problems, such as obstacle avoidance and stable manipulation. All of these problems cannot be solved at once, since it would result in a dramatic increase of the computational time. Accordingly, we divided the motion planner into a global path planner and a local manipulation planner, designed them, and integrated them. The aim was to integrate a gross motion planner and a fine motion planner. Concerning the global path planner, we reduced the dimensions of the configuration space (C-space) using the feature of transportation by mobile robots. We used the potential field to find the solution by searching in this smaller-dimension reconstructed C-space. In the global path planner, the constraints of the object manipulation are considered as the cost function and the heuristic function in the A/sup */ search. For the local manipulation planner, we developed a manipulation technique, which is suitable for mobile robots by position control. We computed the conditions in which the object becomes unstable during manipulation and generated each robot's motion, considering the robots' motion errors and indefinite factors from the planning stage. We verified the effectiveness of our proposed motion planning method through simulations.
Baseline conditions and subtractive logic in neuroimaging (2001)

Discrepancies in the patterns of cortical activation across studies may be attributable, in part, to differences in baseline tasks, and hence, reflect the limits of the subtractive logic underlying much of neuroimaging. To assess the extent of these effects, three of the most commonly used baseline conditions (rest, tone monitoring, and passive listening) were compared using phoneme discrimination as the experimental task. Eight participants were studied in a fMRI study with a 4.1 T system. The three baseline conditions systematically affected the amount of activation observed in the identical phoneme task with major affects in Broca's area, the left posterior superior temporal gyrus, and the left and right inferior parietal regions. Two central findings were: 1) a differential effect of baseline within each region, with the rest baseline condition producing the greatest amount of activation and the passive listening condition producing the least, and 2) systematic baseline task activation in the inferior parietal regions. These results emphasize the relativity of activation patterns observed in functional neuroimaging, and the necessity to specify the baseline processes in context to the experimental task processes.
A simple method for noise tolerance characterization of digital circuits (2002)

A method for characterizing dynamic noise tolerance of digital circuits is discussed. In this method noise impulses are characterized by their energy, voltage and width. The method is intended for use in simulation-based noise analysis and design of receiver circuits in digital systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Anti-tumour effects of localized hyperthermia on an experimental bone tumour using an intramedullary nail (1997)

A new localized hyperthermia system for an experimental bone tumour in the rabbit tibia was developed. This system was composed of an induction coil, generator and a Kirschner wire, which was inserted into the medullary canal of the tibia as a heat-generating ferromagnetic implant. The metastatic bone tumour model was created by implantation of VX2 carcinoma in the medullary canal of the tibia diaphysis. The days after VX2 implantation, hyperthermia was induced for 50 min. Three weeks after the treatment, rabbits were sacrificed for histological and radiological evaluation. According to the semi-quantitative scoring system, anti-tumour effects of the single dose of hyperthermia was noted radiologically (p < 0.01) and histologically (p < 0.05) where the temperature was at a sufficient level to cause hyperthermia (> 42.5 degrees C). This new heating method, which is relatively simple and clinically applicable, appears to be promising for the treatment of metastatic tumours of the long bone.
Symmetrical Purpura Doesn't Mirror Child Abuse (1987)

To the Editor.— The recent description by Brown and Melinkovich 1 of a case of Schonlein-Henoch purpura that was originally misdiagnosed as suspected child abuse, along with the accompanying color photograph, graphically illustrate an important differential feature that was not mentioned in the article. The lesions, as illustrated, are absolutely symmetrical on the cheeks, forearms, hand dorsa, thighs, and knees, producing an almost mirror image picture, left and right. The authors correctly point to the difficulty of differentiating Schonlein-Henoch purpura from traumatic skin lesions, ie, as in child abuse cases. However, the finding of perfectly symmetrical skin lesions, as in their illustrated case, must make an exogenous cause highly unlikely.
Synthesis and Mesomorphic Properties of Naphthyl Propionate Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals (2002)

Ferroelectric liquid crystalline compounds containing (2 S )-2-(6-hydroxy-2-naphthyl)propionic acid moiety were synthesized from ( S )-naproxen ( 1 ). Reactions of ( S )-naproxen chloride with alkanols (C 4 -C 6 ) in the presence of propylene oxide gave chiral esters 4 . Demethylation of 4 with dimethylsulfide-AlCl 3 produced naphthols 5 . Esterfication of naphthols 5 with 4-(4-alkoxyphenyl)benzoic acid 6 using 1,3-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and 4-dimethylaminopyridine afforded alkyl ( S )-2-{6-[4-(4'-alkoxyphenyl)benzoyloxy]-2-naphthyl} propionates 7 in good yields. Naphthyl propionates 9 having a fluorine substituent on the biphenyl core were similarily prepared. HPLC analysis using chiral column confirmed that racemizations did not occur in all processes. All of the optically pure naphthyl propionate compounds 7 and 9 showed an enantiotropic mesomorphic phase. Some derivatives of 7 and 9 with a straight terminal chain attached to the external side of the chiral center exhibited blue phase (BP) and/or twist grain boundary (TGB A ) phase.
Ultrafast nano-imaging of polaron dynamics in lead halide perovskites (2020)

To investigate the spatio-temporal heterogeneity in the ultrafast soft-lattice and polaron dynamics of lead halide perovskites, we develop ultrafast heterodyne-detected infrared nano-imaging resolving nanoscale disorder in polaron formation, coupling, and dynamics.
Convenient synthesis of (S)-(-)-pulegone from (-)-citronellol (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConvenient synthesis of (S)-(-)-pulegone from (-)-citronellolE. J. Corey, Harry E. Ensley, and J. William SuggsCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1976, 41, 2, 380–381Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00864a047https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00864a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3144Altmetric-Citations88LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
In situ environmental transmission electron microscopy investigation of core-shell supported co-catalyst system for optimized visible-light water splitting (2012)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2012 in Phoenix, Arizona, USA, July 29 – August 2, 2012.
The Use of Eddy Current Sensor Based Blade Tip Timing for FOD Detection (2008)

Deterioration of rotor blades due to foreign object damage (FOD), erosion by sand/water, low cycle fatigue (LCF) and high cycle fatigue (HCF) all limit blade life, but cannot always be detected before a failure. The advent of tip-timing systems makes it possible to assess turbomachinery blade vibration using non-contact systems. However, these systems are still largely optical based and therefore suffer from contamination problems, further development of these systems is difficult due to problems associated with keeping the sensors clean. Experimental measurements have been carried out using an alternative eddy current sensor that has been validated in a series of laboratory and engine tests to measure rotor blade arrival times. A series of engine trials have been conducted to assess their capability for detection of pre-existing damage and the capture of dynamic foreign object damage (FOD) events. The results show that it is possible to acquire high quality blade timing data for use in engine condition monitoring. In addition for the detection of FOD created damage and FOD damage as it occurs.
A Novel Application of Levenshtein Distance for Assessment of High-Level Motor Planning Underlying Performance During Learning of Complex Motor Sequences (2019)

Few studies have examined high-level motor plans underlying cognitive-motor performance during practice of complex action sequences. These investigations have assessed performance through fairly simple metrics without examining how practice affects the structures of action sequences. By adapting the Levenshtein distance (LD) method to the motor domain, we propose a computational approach to accurately capture performance dynamics during practice of action sequences. Practice performance dynamics were assessed by computing the LD based on the number of insertions, deletions, and substitutions of actions needed to transform any sequence into a reference sequence (having a minimal number of actions to complete the task). Also, combining LD-based performance with mental workload metrics allowed assessment of cognitive-motor efficiency dynamics. This approach was tested on the Tower of Hanoi task. The findings revealed that throughout practice this method could capture: i) action sequence performance improvements as indexed by a reduced LD (decrease of insertions and substitutions), ii) structural modifications of the high-level plans, iii) an attenuation of mental workload, and iv) enhanced cognitive-motor efficiency. This effort complements prior work examining the practice of complex action sequences in healthy adults and has potential for probing cognitive-motor impairment in clinical populations as well as the development/assessment of cognitive robotic controllers.
Marketing Sewing Machines in the Post-Civil War Years (1946)

The development in the nineteenth century of new manufactured products which were made in large quantities and under increasing competition as the decades passed brought great changes in marketing organization, in the financing of marketing, and in selling methods. Since there was no adequate experience, no precedent, to go by, the changes that came were largely improvised and experimental. Some of the problems that arose and attempts at solving them are well illustrated by what happened in the marketing of sewing machines.
An Overview of High Melting Point Metallization (1991)

This paper reviews the applications of the high-melting point metallization both for the conventional devices and integrated circuits at considerably higher temperatures. Conventional devices generally operate between room temperature and ∼100 °C, depending on the nature and density of devices and cooling effectiveness of the packaging. In such cases the need for the high melting point metal arises due to (a) increasing current density, leading to enhanced electromigration, and (b) ease of post-metallization processing. On the other hand there are high power devices and devices that operate in environment of high temperatures. In this latter use there are additional needs of a high melting point metallization scheme. Such metallization should also be immune to thermally induced metallurgical/chemical reactions and internal changes in the metallization properties such as electrical resistivity, microstructure, stress, etc. In this paper we will examine these requirements for both applications and then review metals, alloys, or sandwich metallization schemes that may be able to satisfy our needs of future.
Experimental and Modeling Study of the Transport of Chromium Acetate Solutions Through Carbonate Rocks (2006)

The transport of chromium acetate solutions through dolomite rock material was studied by injecting various solutions through short dolomite cores and measuring Cr, Mg, and Ca concentrations and pH in the effluent. A mathematical model was developed that describes convection, dispersion, kinetic reactions of carbonate dissolution and chromium precipitation, and chemical equilibrium for reactions between aqueous components. Experimental data and data taken from literature were simulated by the model.
A model of spectral filtering to reduce photochemical damage in age-related macular degeneration. (2004)

Sunglasses that strongly decrease both deep blue light and rod photobleaching, while preserving photopic sensitivity and color perception, would provide upstream protection from potential photochemical damage in subjects at risk for AMD progression after cataract surgery.
FE Modeling of NiTi Elastomeric Composites for Use as Biomaterials (2013)

International audience
A novel timing recovery circuit with high tracking ability for burst-mode multi-level QAM transmission (2005)

Since the proposed timing recovery circuit can handle relatively large frequency offsets, manufacturing costs are quite low. To achieve both accurate timing synchronization and high tracking ability, a 2-stage timing recovery circuit is proposed, composed of an acquisition circuit and a tracking circuit. The proposed circuit has the two major features: (1) half-operation rate of the "square-type" acquisition circuit (corresponds to the Nyquist rate); (2) high performance tracking circuit. Even if the timing frequency offset is as much as /spl plusmn/100 ppm, the proposed circuit achieves overall timing error (mean error + RMS error) of 6/spl deg/, which holds the C/N degradation to only 0.3 dB for 64QAM transmission and required BER of 3/spl times/10/sup -4/. The proposed circuit shows sufficient performance for the target 64QAM 40-Mbaud system.
Gestational Diabetes and Postpartum Physical Activity: Evidence of Lifestyle Change 1 Year After Delivery (2009)

Although women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are advised to incorporate physical activity into their lifestyle in order to reduce their risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2DM), it is recognized that new mothers face barriers to postpartum exercise. Thus, we sought to determine whether, following the diagnosis of GDM, women indeed alter their postpartum physical activity patterns, as compared to their peers without GDM. In this prospective observational cohort study, we assessed the physical activity patterns of 238 white women (58 with GDM, 180 without GDM) in the year before pregnancy and in the year following delivery, using the Baecke questionnaire, which evaluates the following three domains of physical activity: work, sport activity, and nonsport leisure-time activity. Before diagnosis with GDM, women reported lower pregravid sport (P = 0.010) and leisure-time activity (P = 0.013), compared to their peers without GDM. By 1 year postpartum, however, there were no longer significant differences between the GDM and non-GDM groups in either sport or leisure-time activity (P = 0.078 and P = 0.957, respectively). In particular, women with GDM significantly increased their leisure-time activity over the first year postpartum (F = 10.1, P = 0.002), whereas the non-GDM group did not (F = 0.00, P = 0.984). Indeed, on multiple linear regression analysis, GDM independently predicted an increase in leisure-time activity between 1 year pregravid and 1 year postpartum (t = 2.55, P = 0.012). Furthermore, this significant relationship persisted even after adjustment for the finding of prediabetes/diabetes at 3 months postpartum (t = 2.83, P = 0.005). In conclusion, women with GDM successfully increased their leisure-time activity in the first year postpartum, reflecting an element of lifestyle change following this diagnosis.
Direct role of the Escherichia coli Dam DNA methyltransferase in methylation-directed mismatch repair (1986)

The T4 dam+ gene has been cloned (S. L. Schlagman and S. Hattman, Gene 22:139-156, 1983) and transferred into an Escherichia coli dam-host. In this host, the T4 Dam DNA methyltransferase methylates mainly, if not exclusively, the sequence 5'-GATC-3'; this sequence specificity is the same as that of the E. coli Dam enzyme. Expression of the cloned T4 dam+ gene suppresses almost all the phenotypic traits associated with E. coli dam mutants, with the exception of hypermutability. In wild-type hosts, 20- to 500-fold overproduction of the E. coli Dam methylase by plasmids containing the cloned E. coli dam+ gene results in a hypermutability phenotype (G.E. Herman and P. Modrich, J. Bacteriol. 145:644-646, 1981; M.G. Marinus, A. Poteete, and J.A. Arraj, Gene 28:123-125, 1984). In contrast, the same high level of T4 Dam methylase activity, produced by plasmids containing the cloned T4 dam+ gene, does not result in hypermutability. To account for these results we propose that the E. coli Dam methylase may be directly involved in the process of methylation-instructed mismatch repair and that the T4 Dam methylase is unable to substitute for the E. coli enzyme.
Magnetic force and force gradient microscopy utilizing an ultrasensitive vertical cantilever geometry (1993)

We have developed a novel Magnetic Force Microscope (MFM) utilizing a vertically cantilevered microprobe tip. This new geometry provides maximum sensitivity while inhibiting uncontrolled vertical deflections. We demonstrate the capability of our MFM by imaging domain structure in pre-recorded magnetic tape and domain walls in single-crystal iron whiskers. Good agreement is obtained between the observed magnetic contrast and predictions of a micromagnetic model.
A global approach for motion generation of non-holonomic mobile manipulators (2002)

A mobile robotic manipulator, i.e. a manipulator mounted on a vehicle, is a very useful system for tasks in dangerous environments. Unfortunately the use of a wheeled vehicle introduces non-holonomic constraints, and the combination of a vehicle and a manipulator generally introduces kinematic redundancy. The goal of this paper is to propose a method to determine a feasible path between two fixed configurations for a mobile manipulator whose vehicle is non-holonomic. For this purpose, we write the global displacement of the system in a symbolic way, using two representation tools: homogeneous matrices and dual quaternions. Then, we compute the corresponding joint parameters to make the desired displacement coincide with the computed symbolic displacement. The method is described and some simulation results are presented.