gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Selling a Dream Defense (2000)

Way Out There in the Blue Reagan, Star Wars and the End of the Cold War. Frances FitzGerald. Simon and Schuster, New York, 2000. 592 pp. $30, C$43.50. ISBN 0-684-84416-8. In this history, Fitzgerald shows how Reagan's political skills created and nurtured a multi-billion-dollar research program to build a perfect shield against Soviet nuclear weapons despite the seemingly critical flaw that the required technology was not remotely feasible.
Synthesis of QS-7-Api (2008)

Complex saponins from the bark of Quillaja saponaria are extremely potent adjuvants in immunotherapy. QS-21, the lead saponin is toxic whereas QS-7-Api shows negligible toxicity in mice. Moreover, QS-7-Api induces a remarkable synergistic immune response when co-administered with QS-21. The semisynthesis by Gin and co-workers proves the structure of QS-7-Api and it supplies sufficient homogeneous product for preclinical evaluation.
Ueber Phloridzin und Salicin (1839)

Anfange bereits erwiibnt hsben, dass namlich die
Optical Detection of the Pesticide by Functionalized Quantum Dots as Fluorescence-Based Biosensor (2011)

In this work, the results on using biosensor composed from quantum dots as transducer and acetylcholinesterase enzymes (AChE) to detect pesticides optically are presented. The used quantum dots were CdTe, CdSe/ZnS 10 monolayer (ML) and CdSe/ZnSe2ML/ZnS 8 ML – the brand new thick-shell quantum dots (QD). The study results pointed out that the CdSe/ZnS 10 ML and CdSe/ZnSe 2ML/ZnS 8ML quantum dots best fit for the role of transducers in biosensors. In the biosensor, acetylthiocholine (ATCh) is used as indicator for the AChE enzymes to work, since it is a very powerful hydrolyte with the presence of AChE enzymes. Moreover, the organophosphorus (OP) pesticides are the inhibitors for the AChE enzymes, thus, by the biosensors that we designed, we can detect pesticides by the change in photoluminescence (PL) intensity of QDs, with the detection of OP like parathion methyl is 0.05 ppm, and acetamiprid is 2.5 ppm.
Adaptive Holography in Liquid Crystal Light-Valves (2012)

By performing two-wave mixing experiments in a liquid crystal light-valve, optical beam amplification is obtained as a strongly resonant process to which a narrow frequency bandwidth is associated. This property is exploited to realize adaptive holographic interferometric systems able to efficiently detect displacements as small as fraction of picometers. Pressure radiation induced deformations of a reflecting membrane are measured with the same type of system. Then, when used with complex wavefronts, like speckle fields, the LCLV-based interferometer allows to detect extremely small phase modulations. The examples shown demonstrate the potentialities of the light-valve for dynamic holography applications.
Identification of the Major Ubiquitin-binding Domain of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa ExoU A2 Phospholipase (2013)

Numerous Gram-negative bacterial pathogens use type III secretion systems to deliver effector molecules into the cytoplasm of a host cell. Many of these effectors have evolved to manipulate the host ubiquitin system to alter host cell physiology or the location, stability, or function of the effector itself. ExoU is a potent A2 phospholipase used by Pseudomonas aeruginosa to destroy membranes of infected cells. The enzyme is held in an inactive state inside of the bacterium due to the absence of a required eukaryotic activator, which was recently identified as ubiquitin. This study sought to identify the region of ExoU required to mediate this interaction and determine the properties of ubiquitin important for binding, ExoU activation, or both. Biochemical and biophysical approaches were used to map the ubiquitin-binding domain to a C-terminal four-helix bundle of ExoU. The hydrophobic patch of ubiquitin is required for full binding affinity and activation. Binding and activation were uncoupled by introducing an L8R substitution in ubiquitin. Purified L8R demonstrated a parental binding phenotype to ExoU but did not activate the phospholipase in vitro. Utilizing these new biochemical data and intermolecular distance measurements by double electron-electron resonance, we propose a model for an ExoU-monoubiquitin complex.
Kinetic analysis of enhanced thermal stability of an alkaline protease with engineered twin disulfide bridges and calcium‐dependent stability (2002)

The thermal stability of a cysteine-free alkaline protease (Alp) secreted by the eukaryote Aspergillus oryzae was improved both by the introduction of engineered twin disulfide bridges (Cys-69/Cys-101 and Cys-169/Cys-200), newly constructed as part of this study, and by the addition of calcium ions. We performed an extensive kinetic analysis of the increased thermal stability of the mutants as well as the role of calcium dependence. The thermodynamic activation parameters for irreversible thermal inactivation, the activation free energy (deltaG), the activation enthalpy (deltaH), and the activation entropy (deltaS) were determined from absolute reaction rate theory. The values of deltaH and deltaS were significantly and concomitantly increased as a result of introducing the twin disulfide bridges, for which the increase in the value of deltaH outweighed that of deltaS, resulting in significant increases in the value of deltaG. The enhancement of the thermal stability obtained by introducing the twin disulfide bridges is an example of the so-called low-temperature stabilization of enzymes. The stabilizing effect of calcium ions on wild-type Alp is similar to the results we obtained by introducing the engineered twin disulfide bridges.
Performance of a lead radiator, gas tube calorimeter (1989)

The design and performance of a 4.2-radiation-length, lead-sandwich, gas tube hodoscope are discussed. The device, measuring 1*2 m/sup 2/ in area and 12 cm in depth, was used in Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory experiment 705. Multiple samplings of anode wires situated within three-walled aluminum tubes were used to generate an X coordinate; similarly, capacitively coupled copper-clad strips were ganged together to yield a Y coordinate. The results reviewed of an analysis of electron calibration data taken during a recent six-month running period are reviewed. The position resolution (in millimeters) is seen to be 0.8+3.3/ square root E+31/E for the 9.92 mm-spaced wires and 0.6+3.2/ square root E+32 for the 12.5-mm strips, where E represents the electron beam energy in GeV. The correlation between energy as measured by the wires and energy as measured by the strips is fairly tight, with an asymmetry RMS (root mean square) for 30-GeV electrons of about 4%.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A one step synthetic approach to L-pyrimidine nucleosides using Natural Phosphate coated with potassium iodide as catalyst (2008)

The one-step synthesis of several alpha-L-arabino and beta-L- xylonucleosides was performed in good yields under mild conditions by N-glycosylation of 1-O-acetyl-L-arabino and -xylofuranose using Vorbruggen type reaction conditions with or without Microwave irradiation.
Combined functional and molecular analysis of tumor cell signaling defines 2 distinct myeloma subgroups: Akt-dependent and Akt-independent multiple myeloma (2008)

Although the phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway has been reported to contribute to the malignant growth of multiple myeloma (MM), the true relevance of Akt kinases for this disease is still unclear. In particular, functional analyses in primary tumor cells and genetic target validation experiments are missing. Here, we used combined functional and molecular analyses to determine the importance of Akt activity in a large panel of primary MM samples and in MM cell lines. Akt down-regulation with isoform-specific siRNA constructs or with an Akt1/2-specific pharmacologic inhibitor strongly induced apoptosis in approximately half of the primary MM samples analyzed. Sensitivity to Akt inhibition strongly correlated with the activation status of Akt as determined by immunohistochemistry, phospho-Akt-specific flow cytometry, and Western analysis. Additional blockade of the MAPK and the IL-6R/STAT3 pathways was often not sufficient to decrease the viability of MM cells resilient to Akt inhibition. Taken together, these experiments led to the identification of 2 myeloma subgroups: Akt-dependent and Akt-independent MM.
Enhanced complement susceptibility of avidin-biotin-treated human erythrocytes is a consequence of neutralization of the complement regulators CD59 and decay accelerating factor (1995)

Biotinylation of erythrocytes (E) followed by avidin cross-linking at specific sites has been suggested as a novel means of drug delivery. Upon avidin cross-linking, biotinylated E become complement-activating and highly susceptible to complement lysis, thus bringing about release of entrapped drug. We set out to examine the mechanisms of this biotin-avidin-induced lytic susceptibility, focusing on the effects of biotinylation and avidin cross-linking on the major E complement regulatory molecules, decay accelerating factor (DAF) and CD59. We demonstrate here that biotinylation of E, which does not render them complement activating, partially inhibits DAF but has little effect on CD59. Subsequent cross-linking with avidin causes complete inhibition of DAF and near complete loss of CD59 activity. Following cross-linking, DAF and CD59 become associated in high molecular mass avidin-containing complexes on the membrane. Incorporation of physiological amounts of CD59 into the membranes of biotinylated and avidin cross-linked E is sufficient to render these cells resistant to complement lysis whereas incorporation of DAF has relatively little effect. An understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying complement susceptibility of biotin-avidin treated E should allow a rational design of strategies for drug delivery using E or other large, potentially complement-activating carriers.
Optimization of Key-Value Stores with Ranged Log-Structured Merge Trees (2019)

로그 구조 병합 트리는 로그 구조를 사용하는 데이터 구조로써 키-밸류 저장소에서 빈번히 발생하는 삽입/수정을 효율적으로 수행하기 위해 만들어진 자료구조이다. 이 트리는 데이터를 우선 로그 형식으로 저장하고, 로그 상의 데이터 정렬, 수정 작업의 처리 등의 병합을 미룸으로써 높은 쓰기 처리량을 가능케 한다. 하지만 후에 발생하는 병합 작업은 쓰기 증폭을 발생시키며 결국엔 시스템 성능과 저장장치의 수명에 악영향을 끼친다. 본 논문에서는 기존 로그 구조 병합 트리에서의 단점인 쓰기 증폭을 해결하기 위해서 범위 기반 로그 구조 병합 트리를 제안한다. 범위 기반 로그 구조 병합 트리에서는 데이터들을 임의 순서로 관리함으로써 이어 쓰기(append) 방식만을 사용해서 병합 할 수 있게 된다. 이 때 각 파일들은 서로 겹치지 않는 범위를 가짐으로써 읽기 증폭이 일어날 수 있는 부작용을 막는다. 해당 기법에 대해서 YCSB 벤치마크로 성능을 검증하였고 결과로써 쓰기 증폭이 3배 줄었다.
Environmental Modeling Research at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill: Final Report (2006)

Mechanistic mathematical models of environmental systems are used routinely to assess our understanding of the operative complex processes in nature. As our understanding matures, the complexity of these models increases and so too does the effort required to construct such models. This effort can be person years in some cases, and changes in model formulations or methods frequently leads to the need to either perform major revisions of existing codes or to abandon an existing code and recode the majority of the simulator. This project was intended to be a proof of concept approach aimed at developing a problem solving environment for the development of environmental models. The domain of focus was fluid flow and species transport in subsurface, porous medium systems. An approach was developed in which a mathematical model formulation was specified in LaTeX and this text document was processed, or compiled, multiple times to ultimately result in a computational simulator or model. The DOE developed Common Component Architecture paradigm was leveraged to implement solvers for reactions, integrators, algorithms, and discretization methods. A set of test problems was solved and the overall conclusion of the project is that a problem solving environment to support environmental modeling is certainly within scientific reach at this time.
Protective effect of glial cells against lipopolysaccharide-mediated blood-brain barrier injury (2003)

International audience
Analysis of high-molecular-weight fructan polymers in crude plant extracts by high-resolution LC-MS (2011)

The main water-soluble carbohydrates in temperate forage grasses are polymeric fructans. Fructans consist of fructose chains of various chain lengths attached to sucrose as a core molecule. In grasses, fructans are a complex mixture of a large number of isomeric oligomers with a degree of polymerisation ranging from 3 to >100. Accurate monitoring and unambiguous peak identification requires chromatographic separation coupled to mass spectrometry. The mass range of ion trap mass spectrometers is limited, and we show here how monitoring selected multiply charged ions can be used for the detection and quantification of individual isomers and oligomers of high mass, particularly those of high degree of polymerization (DP > 20) in complex plant extracts. Previously reported methods using linear ion traps with low mass resolution have been shown to be useful for the detection of fructans with a DP up to 49. Here, we report a method using high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS) using an Exactive Orbitrap MS which greatly improves the signal-to-noise ratio and allows the detection of fructans up to DP = 100. High-sugar (HS) Lolium perenne cultivars with high concentrations of these fructans have been shown to be of benefit to the pastoral agricultural industry because they improve rumen nitrogen use efficiency and reduce nitrous oxide emissions from pastures. We demonstrate with our method that these HS grasses not only contain increased amounts of fructans in leaf blades but also accumulate fructans with much higher DP compared to cultivars with normal sugar levels.
Optimal realization of sets of interconnection functions on synchronous multiple bus systems (1996)

We develop a formal and systematic methodology for designing an optimal multiple bus system (MBS) realizing a set of interconnection functions whose graphical representation (denoted as IFG) is symmetric. The problem of constructing an optimal MBS for a given IFG is NP-hard. In this paper, we show that polynomial time solutions exist when the IFG is vertex symmetric. This is the case of interest for the vast majority of important interconnection function sets. We present a particular partition (which can be found in polynomial time) on the edge set of a vertex symmetric IFG, that produces a symmetric MBS with minimum number of buses as well as minimum number of interfaces. We demonstrate several advantages of such an MBS over a direct-link architecture realizing the same IFG, in terms of the number of ports per processor, number of neighbors per processors, and the diameter.
Orbital-resolved soft x-ray spectroscopy in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">NaV</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>5</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (2002)

We demonstrate that angle-resolved soft x-ray spectroscopy can resolve absorption by inequivalent oxygen sites and by different orbitals belonging to the same site in ${\mathrm{NaV}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{5}.$ By rotating the polarization direction, we see a dramatic change in the absorption spectra at the oxygen K edge. Our theory identifies the detailed composition of the spectra and predicts a correct energy ordering of the orbitals of three inequivalent oxygen atoms. Because different orbitals dominate absorption spectra at different energies and angles, one can excite at a specific site and ``orbital.'' In contrast, absorption at the vanadium L edge does not show large changes when varying the polarization direction. The reason for this is that different excitation channels (involving different initial states for the excited electron) overlap in energy and vary in compensating ways, obscuring each channel's sensitive polarization dependence.
<title>Development of the IBIC (ion-beam-induced charge) technique for IC failure analysis</title> (1997)

IBIC imaging of buried structures of semiconductor devices is carried out with a scanned focussed MeV ion beam. The large range of these ions allows direct imaging of sub- surface through passivation layers, a feature not available to the well established EBIC technique. As multi-level designs become more prevalent this deep penetration is a significant advantage. The nuclear microscope is briefly described here. Recent examples of the IBIC analysis of CMOS and diffused junction devices are given, and the degradation of IBIC images with increasing ion dose is discussed. It is demonstrated that contrast is present in IBIC images even from junctions not directly connected to the preamplifier. The production of significant charge signals from unconnected junctions allows the imaging of such junctions, a highly desirable feature in the case of complex microcircuits. The contrast from unconnected junctions vanishes if these junctions are shortened, as will be shown.
Diazepam-Binding Inhibitor: A Neuropeptide Located in Selected Neuronal Populations of Rat Brain (1985)

An endogenous polypeptide of rat brain has been identified that is capable of displacing 1,4-benzodiazepines and the esters of the 3-carboxylic acid derivatives of beta-carbolines from their specific synaptic binding sites. This polypeptide was termed diazepam-binding inhibitor (DBI). Previous studies have shown that DBI injected intraventricularly in rodents elicits "proconflict" responses and antagonizes the "anticonflict" action of benzodiazepines. An antiserum to this peptide, directed toward an immunodeterminant near its amino terminus, makes it possible to detect, measure, and study the neuronal location of this peptide in rat brain. In the rat cerebral cortex, DBI immunoreactivity is located in neurons that are not GABAergic (GABA, gamma-aminobutyric acid); in the cerebellum and hippocampus, however, it might be present also in GABAergic neurons.
A review: Different methods producing different particles size and distribution in synthesis of calcium carbonate nano particles (2016)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation N. H. Sulimai, M. Rusop, Salman A. H. Alrokayan, Haseeb A. Khan; A review: Different methods producing different particles size and distribution in synthesis of calcium carbonate nano particles. AIP Conf. Proc. 6 July 2016; 1733 (1): 020057. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4948875 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Specialty fibers for high power lasers and amplifiers (2015)

This paper reviews our recent work on novel large-mode area fibers for high power lasers and amplifiers. An ultra-low- NA fiber and single-trench fiber have been proposed for mode area scaling of the fundamental mode. In case of single-trench fiber design, resonant coupling of the higher order modes has been exploited to achieve effective single mode operation in fiber with large effective mode area. Our proposed fiber designs are easy to fabricate using conventional low-loss fiber fabrication techniques, and moreover, being all solid structure, they ensure easy cleaving and splicing. A monolithic and compact high power fiber laser/amplifier device with a good output beam quality can be achieved using Single-trench fiber design.
Enabling global price comparison through semantic integration of web data (2008)

"Sell and shop globally" has been seen as a potential benefit of electronic business. A step toward realising this benefit is to know how things are selling worldwide. Global price comparison services would address this need. But there have not been many such services. We use a global price dispersion case study to illustrate the value of such services. Then we identify technology challenges, including semantic heterogeneity, in providing such services. We propose a mediation architecture to address the semantic heterogeneity problem, and demonstrate its feasibility with a prototype that enables global price comparison using web sources in several countries.
LMP-420, a small-molecule inhibitor of TNF-alpha, reduces replication of HIV-1 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis in human cells. (2006)

Inhibition of TNF with inexpensive, small-molecule, orally-active drugs may represent a useful strategy for enhancing the activity of currently-available antiviral and anti-M. Tb agents, particularly in those areas where co-infections with these pathogens act to synergistically enhance each other.
The oncogenicity of Jun. (1992)

A mutational analysis of the delta region of the Jun protein shows an inverse correlation between transforming and transactivation potential of the mutant proteins if both properties are measured in chicken embryo fibroblasts. The possibility that Jun acquires oncogenicity not by gain but by loss of function is also suggested by the down regulation of the differentiation control element MyoD by Jun and by the low transactivating potential of highly transforming chimeric proteins of Jun and JunD and Jun and herpes simplex VP16. These observations raise questions concerning the relative importance of positive and negative transcriptional control signals imitated by Jun.
Synthesis and Structure−Activity Relationship of a New Series of COX-2 Selective Inhibitors:  1,5-Diarylimidazoles (2003)

The synthesis and the pharmacological activity of a series of 1,5-diarylimidazoles developed as potent and selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors are described. The new compounds were evaluated both in vitro (COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition in human whole blood) and in vivo (carrageenan-induced paw edema, air-pouch, and hyperalgesia tests). Modification of all the positions of two regioisomeric imidazole cores led to the identification of 4-[4-chloro-5-(3-fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl)imidazol-1-yl]benzenesulfonamide (UR-8880, 51f) as the best candidate, which is now undergoing Phase I clinical trials.
Design and Motion Control of Fully Variable Morphing Wings (2013)

The ability to vary the geometry of a wing to adapt to different flight conditions can significantly improve the performance of an aircraft. However, the realization of any morphing concept will typically be accompanied by major challenges. Specifically, the geometrical constraints that are imposed by the shape of the wing and the magnitude of the aerodynamic and inertia loads make the usage of conventional mechanisms inefficient for morphing applications. This paper presents the design of a novel underactuated parallel mechanism, which addresses such concerns. This mechanism, which can be set up in a modular fashion, offers controlled motion in all six spatial degrees of freedom while providing multiple degrees of fault tolerance with only four actuators. The main feature of the design is the usage of active and passive linearly adjustable members to replace the structure of a conventional wing box. These members provide the necessary stiffness and load-bearing capabilities for the wing. With the exception of the skin no additional structure would be required, leading to a relatively light-weight design for the morphing wing. Additionally, an optimal motion control algorithm for minimum energy actuation is proposed based on the kinematics and statics of the mechanism. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed design and motion control is demonstrated through a simulation followed by the presentation of a multimodule prototype for a wing tip morphing application.