gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design, Synthesis, and Quantitative Structure−Activity Relationship Study of Herbicidal Analogues of Pyrazolo[5,1-<i>d</i>][1,2,3,5]tetrazin-4(3<i>H</i>)ones (2007)

A series of pyrazolo[5,1-d][1,2,3,5]tetrazin-4(3H)one derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their herbicidal activities where some of these compounds provided >80% control of Brassica campestris at 10 microg/mL. Quantitative structure-activity relationship studies were performed on these compounds using physicochemical parameters (electronic, Verloop, or hydrophobic) as independent parameters and herbicidal activity as a dependent parameter, where herbicidal activity correlated best (r > 0.8) with physicochemical parameters in this set of molecules. The herbicidal activity against B. campestris was mainly affected by the molar refractivity (MR) for R1, Taft (Eso) for R2 or R6, Verloop (Lm) for R3 or R5, and electronic parameters (Hammett's constants) for R4. The optimal MR for herbicidal activity is 0.95. The herbicidal activity against Echinochloa crus-galli was mainly related with the substituents' hydrophobic parameter. The optimal pi parameters for R1 and R4 for herbicidal activity are 0.72 and 0.68, respectively. In general, these compounds showed greater herbicidal activity toward B. campestris than E. crus-galli.
Human α-1-Microglobulin Is Covalently Bound to Kynurenine-derived Chromophores (2004)

Alpha-1-microglobulin carries a set of covalently linked chromophores that give it a peculiar yellow-brown color, fluorescence properties, and both charge and size heterogeneity. In this report it is shown that these features are due to the adducts with the tryptophan metabolite, 3-hydroxykynurenine, and its autoxidation products and that the modification is more pronounced in the protein isolated from urine of hemodialyzed patients. The light yellow amniotic fluid alpha-1-microglobulin acquires the optical properties and charge heterogeneity of the urinary counterpart following incubation with kynurenines. The colored amino acid adducts of urinary and amniotic fluid alpha-1-microglobulins were separated by chromatography after acid hydrolysis and analyzed by mass spectrometry. Human serum albumin samples, native and treated with 3-hydroxykynurenine in the presence of oxygen, were used as a control. The retention times and mass fragmentation products were compared, and a lysyl adduct with hydroxantommathin was identified in the urinary alpha-1-microglobulin and in the modified albumin samples. The more extensive modification of the urinary protein appears to be correlated with uremia, a condition in which the catabolism of tryptophan via the kynurenine pathway is increased, and the consequent rise in the concentration of its derivatives is accompanied by the oxidative processes due to the hemodialysis treatment. The oxidative derivatives of 3-hydroxykynurenine, which are known to act as protein cross-linking agents, are the likely cause of the propensity of urinary alpha-1-microglobulin to form dimers and oligomers. This process, as well as the redox properties of these metabolites, may contribute to the toxic effects of the kynurenine species.
Adsorption and Pore-Size Measurements on Charcoals and Whetlerites. (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAdsorption and Pore-Size Measurements on Charcoals and Whetlerites.P. H. EmmettCite this: Chem. Rev. 1948, 43, 1, 69–148Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1948https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr60134a003https://doi.org/10.1021/cr60134a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views606Altmetric-Citations88LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Robust speech recognition over IP networks (2002)

This work looks at the issues involved in performing robust speech recognition over a packet-based network such as the IP network. This involves the combination of robust speech recognition together with a reliable method of sending speech data over the IP network. The format in which the speech is sent over the network is considered and results show that much better robustness is achieved when the front-end features are transmitted directly rather than encoding the speech with a codec. The problem of packet loss is addressed and a novel detection and estimation scheme for missing frames is introduced to overcome this problem. This is shown to recover performance with 50% packet loss from 33% to 90% which is only 3% below the no loss case.
Human resource development (2018)

This chapter examines Korea’s approach to human resource development (HRD) in the 50 years since universal primary education was established in 1960. Korea invests heavily in education, both publicly and privately, and this focus means it has experienced few skills shortages during peak periods of development. Korea also invests heavily in research and development as a proportion of GNP. Korea acquires technology primarily through informal rather than formal channels, allowing Korean firms to retain some independence from multinational firms but limiting access to FDI and insulating Korean firms from international practice standards. In anticipation of the Fourth Industrial Revolution Korea will need to adopt lifelong learning practices and effect the government’s efforts to devolve employment and human resource development to the local level.
Targeted Reduction in Expression of<i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>Surface Glycoprotein gp90 Increases Parasite Infectivity (2001)

A previous study had shown that the expression of gp90, a stage-specific surface glycoprotein of Trypanosoma cruzi metacyclic trypomastigotes, is inversely correlated with the parasite's ability to invade mammalian cells. By using antisense oligonucleotides complementary to a region of the gp90 gene implicated in host cell adhesion, we investigated whether the selective inhibition of gp90 synthesis affected the capacity of metacyclic forms to enter target cells. Parasites were incubated for 24 h with 20 microM PS1, a phosphorothioate oligonucleotide based on a sequence of the gp90 coding strand; PS2, the antisense counterpart of PS1; or PO2, the unmodified version of PS2 containing phosphodiester linkages, and the expression of surface molecules was analyzed by flow cytometry and immunoblotting using specific monoclonal antibodies. PS2 but not PS1 or PO2 inhibited the expression of gp90. Inhibition by PS2 was dose dependent. Northern blot analysis revealed that steady-state gp90 mRNA levels were diminished in PS2-treated parasites compared to untreated controls. Treatment with PS2 did not affect the expression of other metacyclic stage surface glycoproteins involved in parasite-host cell interaction, such as gp82 and the mucin-like gp35/50. Expression of gp90 was also inhibited by other phosphorothioate oligonucleotides targeted to the gp90 gene (PS4, PS5, PS6, and PS7) but not by PS3, with the same base composition as PS2 but a mismatched sequence. Parasites treated with PS2, PS4, or PS5 entered HeLa cells in significantly higher numbers than untreated controls, whereas the invasive capacity of PS1- and PS3-treated parasites was unchanged, confirming the inverse association between infectivity and gp90 expression.
Rho-kinase as a Potential Therapeutic Target for the Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension (2006)

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a cardiovascular disorder characterized by vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling. Recently, rapidly increasing evidence from various rat models of PH and patients with PH suggest that small GTPase Rho and its downstream effector, Rho-kinase, play a key role in the pathogenesis of PH. Activation of the Rho/Rho-kinase pathway is important for pulmonary endothelial dysfunction, pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cell contractility, proliferation and apoptosis in PH. A greater Rho-kinase expression and an enhanced Rho-kinase activity have been observed in pulmonary arteries of PH rats, such as hypoxia-induced, monocrotaline-induced and genetic spontaneous PH rats. Moreover, Y-27632 or fasudil, the selective Rho-kinase inhibitors, significantly attenuated PH in various pulmonary hypertensive model rats and patients with PH, but did not reduce systemic blood pressure. Therefore, Rho-kinase inhibitors may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of PH.
Oral naluphine in postpartum pain (1984)

One hundred twenty-one patients with postpartum pain caused by uterine cramp or episiotomy pain were the subjects of a randomized, double-blind, single-dose study of oral nalbuphine (N), 15 mg (N = 39); codeine (C), 60 mg (N = 42); and placebo (N = 40) for analgesia. Observations were made over 6 hr. There were significant differences for sum of pain intensity differences and total pain relief between the active drugs and placebo but not between N and C. Time to onset of analgesia favored N (mean = 0.65 min) over C (mean = 0.74 min), but the analgetic effect of N diminished more rapidly at this dose. Results were the same for both uterine cramp and episiotomy pain. Adverse effects were of the narcotic type and of the same incidence for the two active drugs. Two new parameters for determining analgetic effect are introduced: number of dropouts per dose and number of subjects with zero analgetic effect.
Improving Adherence to Treatment Guidelines (2009)

Patients with chronic diseases often require complex medication regimens to meet evidence-based treatment guidelines. However, translating evidence-based recommendations into clinical care has proven to be difficult. Several factors-patient adherence, disease complexity, competing medical issues, guideline dissemination, and clinical inertia-are thought to contribute to this problem. In this manuscript, we describe a multidisciplinary ambulatory approach to improve the care of patients with chronic conditions. Our goal was to design an intervention that focused on improving the prescription rates of medications known to reduce cardiovascular-related events and hospital admissions for patients with diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, heart failure, chronic kidney disease, or stroke. We also describe the critical lessons we have learned in implementing our intervention, including the successes and barriers we encountered during the project.
Classification of Psychiatric Symptoms in Patients with Epilepsy (2000)

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder, but many patients with epilepsy also have psychiatric symptoms. These symptoms and the underlying psychopathology vary considerably among patients, and the classification of these symptoms is disputed. Some classifications are based on the psychiatric symptomatology, the presence or absence of disturbance of consciousness, the EEG abnormalities, or the temporal relation between the symptoms and the seizures. The International Classification of Mental and Behavioral Disorders: Clinical Description and Diagnostic Guidelines (ICD-10) is accepted worldwide in psychiatry. The feasibility of classifying the psychiatric symptoms associated with the epilepsy according to the ICD-10 classification was studied. It was concluded that only symptoms in cases of epilepsy where there is a clear sensorium might be appropriately classified by the ICD-10. The classification of psychiatric symptoms in epilepsy needs further investigation.
The Impact of Tourism on the Economy of Cape Cod, Massachusetts (1953)

T no many New England communities, the past few decades have been a time of economic readjustment and expansion. Modern roads, new stores, and well-painted houses have appeared in areas which, a short time ago, were in the midst of a general recession, brought on by declining returns from agriculture and industry. This current reversal of trend is largely the result of New England's growing tourist industry, the income from which in 1951 amounted to $957,000,000.1 In terms of value, tourism was the leading industry in Maine and New Hampshire, stood second in Vermont, and ranked high in industrial southern New England as well. In this article the impact of tourism on the economy of one representative area will be analyzed as a case study in the development of the modern recreation industry.
Restitution of fertility in sterilized mice by transferring primordial ovarian follicles (1990)

Primordial follicles isolated from infant mouse ovaries by enzymatic disaggregation have been transferred to the ovaries of sterile adults. They were transferred after being recombined and incubated in a plasma clot which was inserted either into ovaries which had been sterilized by X-irradiation or into vacant periovarian capsules immediately after ovariectomy. Irrespective of the type of operation, these grafts underwent morphogenesis to form replicas of the normal ovary, which were generally indistinguishable in respect of form, histological appearance and function. The numbers of follicles in these so-called transgerminative ovaries were highly variable, but all stages of follicular maturation up to Graafian stage were represented in most of them, while grafts that had been X-irradiated before transfer were sterile. Ovaries forming from fertile grafts were capable of spontaneous ovulation and the majority of animals carrying them were sexually receptive to males. Mating often resulted in pregnancies and those delivering at full-term produced normal offspring.
A facile route for irreversible bonding of plastic-PDMS hybrid microdevices at room temperature (2010)

Plastic materials do not generally form irreversible bonds with poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) regardless of oxygen plasma treatment and a subsequent thermal process. In this paper, we perform plastic-PDMS bonding at room temperature, mediated by the formation of a chemically robust amine-epoxy bond at the interfaces. Various plastic materials, such as poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), polyimide (PI), and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) were adopted as choices for plastic materials. Irrespective of the plastic materials used, the surfaces were successfully modified with amine and epoxy functionalities, confirmed by the surface characterizations such as water contact angle measurements and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and chemically robust and irreversible bonding was successfully achieved within 1 h at room temperature. The bonding strengths of PDMS with PMMA and PC sheets were measured to be 180 and 178 kPa, respectively, and their assemblies containing microchannel structures endured up to 74 and 84 psi (510 and 579 kPa) of introduced compressed air, respectively, without destroying the microdevices, representing a robust and highly stable interfacial bonding. In addition to microchannel-molded PDMS bonded with flat plastic substrates, microchannel-embossed plastics were also bonded with a flat PDMS sheet, and both types of bonded assemblies displayed sufficiently robust bonding, tolerating an intense influx of liquid whose per-minute injection volume was nearly 1000 to 2000 times higher than the total internal volume of the microchannel used. In addition to observing the bonding performance, we also investigated the potential of surface amine and epoxy functionalities as durable chemical adhesives by observing their storage-time-dependent bonding performances.
Development of Android Smartphone App for Corner Point Feature Extraction using Remote Sensing Image (2011)

최근 국내외적으로 인터넷 웹에서 스마트폰 앱으로 정보통신기술 사용자 요구와 개발 환경이 변화되고 있어 공간정보 분야에서도 이에 따른 기술적 대응이 요구되고 있다. 그러나 현재의 수준은 스마트폰 지도서비스와 위치 확인 서비스가 주가 되고 있어 공간정보 콘텐츠 서비스를 위한 스마트폰 앱의 개발은 전세계 기술 개발 동향을 고려하더라도 시험 개발의 초기 단계로 볼 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 공간영상정보를 활용하여 코너 포인트 객체 (Corner Point Feature) 추출 및 DB 연동 처리 기능을 제공하는 앱을 개발하였다. 이때 코너 포인트 객체 추출은 Harris 알고리즘을 적용하였으며 데이터베이스 서버와 어플리케이션 서버, 사용자 환경으로 구분한 기본적인 시스템 환경의 모든 처리 모듈은 오픈소스 기반으로 설계 및 구현하였다. 추출되는 코너 포인트는 사용자 요구사항에 따라 화면 확대, 축소에 따라 상세화(Level of Details) 과정을 거쳐 화면에 최적화하도록 설계하였다. 한편 공간영상정보와 통일한 대상 지역의 수치지도가 있는 경우에는 앱 상에서수치지도 레이어를 중첩 표현할 수 있는 추가 기능을 제공하도록 하였다. 본 연구에서 추출되는 자동 POI(Point of Interests) 설정이나 포인트 객체 기반 국토변화 탐지에 적용이 가능할 것으로 예상한다. In the information communication technology, it is world-widely apparent that trend movement from internet web to smartphone app by users demand and developers environment. So it needs kinds of appropriate technological responses from geo-spatial domain regarding this trend. However, most cases in the smartphone app are the map service and location recognition service, and uses of geo-spatial contents are somewhat on the limited level or on the prototype developing stage. In this study, app for extraction of corner point features using geo-spatial imagery and their linkage to database system are developed. Corner extraction is based on Harris algorithm, and all processing modules in database server, application server, and client interface composing app are designed and implemented based on open source. Extracted corner points are applied LOD(Level of Details) process to optimize on display panel. Additional useful function is provided that geo-spatial imagery can be superimposed with the digital map in the same area. It is expected that this app can be utilized to automatic establishment of POI (Point of Interests) or point-based land change detection purposes.
Formation of Barium Aluminium Fluoride During Removal of Glassy Phase from Porcelain Doped with BaCO_3 (1987)

Pour etudier la microstructure des porcelaines par MEB ou pour determiner leur teneur en corindon et mullite par extraction chimique, on elimine la phase vitreuse par une attaque a l'aide de HF. Dans le cas de porcelaines contenant BaCO 3 , on observe un precipite a la surface de la porcelaine, qui empeche la determination exacte de la microstructure. On etudie la composition, les causes et les mecanismes de formation de ce precipite
Impact of self-reported performance status on survival in advanced colorectal cancer (2004)

3761 Background: Patients with advanced cancer are greatly concerned about their ability to carry out the activities of daily living. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) scale has been widely used to quantify the performance status of cancer patients. ECOG captures patient-derived functional status data on a scale of 0 through 4; 0 being normal with no limitations and 4 being completely disabled and bedridden. The purpose of this investigation was to assess the impact of baseline ECOG scores on survival in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on a consecutive case series of 233 stages III and IV colorectal cancer patients treated at Cancer Treatment Centers of America at Midwestern Regional Medical Center between January 1995 and March 2001. The patient cohort was divided into 2 categories; newly diagnosed (63) and recurrent disease (170). Patients were also divided into 2 mutually exclusive classes of functional status, good (ECOG scores of 0 to 1) and poor (ECOG scores of 2 to 4). The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate survival which was defined as the time interval between date of first patient visit to the hospital and date of death from any cause or date of last contact. The log rank test statistic was used to evaluate the equality of survival distributions across the two ECOG strata. Results: Newly diagnosed patients with good ECOG scores had a median survival of 30.5 months (95% CI, 17.8 to 43.3; n = 47) while those with poor scores had 15.1 months (95% CI, 1 to 29.1; n = 10), the difference being statistically significant (p = 0.01). Similarly, patients with recurrent disease demonstrated a statistically significantly (p = 0.0002) better median survival for good ECOG scores (10.1 months; 95% CI, 8.1 to 12; n = 104) as compared to those with poor ECOG scores (5.1 months; 95% CI, 3.1 to 7.1; n = 53). Conclusions: In this cohort, we found that low ECOG scores (good performance status) versus high ECOG scores (poor performance status) identified patients with better survival outcomes. Further studies need to focus on more extensive investigation of the prognostic importance of the ECOG scores in clinical cancer settings. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Microbial differentiation and changes in susceptibility to antimicrobial agents (2000)

Journal Article Microbial differentiation and changes in susceptibility to antimicrobial agents Get access N.A. Turner, N.A. Turner Welsh School of Pharmacy and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Harris, J. Harris School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.D. Russell, A.D. Russell Welsh School of Pharmacy and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. Lloyd D. Lloyd School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Applied Microbiology, Volume 89, Issue 5, 1 November 2000, Pages 751–759, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2672.2000.01176.x Published: 01 November 2000
Decisions in Disaster Recovery Operations: A Game Theoretic Perspective on Organization Cooperation (2011)

Throughout history, disasters have had a defining impact on individuals, governments, and society as a whole. The terrorist attacks on September 11th, 2001 and several catastrophic hurricanes in the gulf region have brought disaster response and emergency management to a new level of visibility and importance in the United States. The increased media coverage of international disasters, such as the Indian Ocean Tsunami in 2004 and the Earthquake in Haiti in 2010, have resulted in international disaster response and recovery efforts becoming a larger part of foreign policy for developed countries. The changing scene of disaster response and recovery has also resulted in a rapid increase in the number of private organizations emerging to assist in the wake of such catastrophes. There are significant cross-cultural dynamics and interoperability issues that become apparent when new actors (governments, businesses, organizations, etc.) enter an unfamiliar disaster environment which could reduce the operational efficacy of both local and foreign actors. In this project we propose an approach to support and guide decision makers in emergency environments on how to select and develop relationships to improve resource utilization and project outcomes in the wake of a disaster. Using game theory, we provide an initial approach for the development of a decision support framework for emergency managers entering a disaster environment.
Renal and vascular hypertension-induced inflammation: role of angiotensin II (2006)

The pharmacological blockade of angiotensin II actions, by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor antagonists, results in beneficial organ protective effects, in addition to the effects of these agents on blood pressure control, that can be explained by the blockade of the angiotensin II-induced pro-inflammatory response. These data provide a rationale for the use of blockers of the renin-angiotensin system to prevent vascular and renal inflammation in patients with hypertension.