gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Transport of Ionized Titanium Atoms in a Highly Ionized Sputter Deposition Process (2007)

This paper deals with the transport of metallic ions in a highly ionized sputter deposition process, usually called high power pulsed magnetron sputtering (HPPMS) device. The space and time variations of titanium ions density were determined by time-resolved optical absorption spectroscopy (TROAS) and the electron density by Langmuir probe technique. We studied the influence of an additional radio frequency (RF) plasma generated by a one-loop coil in the HPPMS post-discharge. Measurements showed that the transport of titanium ions was accelerated when the RF power applied on the coil was increased. These experimental data are quite well fitted by results obtained from a simple one-dimensional ambipolar diffusion model, indicating that this acceleration is due to the increase in the ambipolar diffusion coefficient when increasing the RF power.
Zum Beispiel: Erika Cremer (2001)

Abstract Erika Cremer war eine Wegbereiterin für grundlegende Arbeiten zu Kettenreaktionen und Gaschromatographie.
Intensification of the Process Flow in the Pilot Plant of an Internally Heat-Integrated Distillation Column (HIDiC) (2008)

パイロットスケールの内部熱交換型蒸留塔（HIDiC）により炭化水素12成分系混合物の蒸留分離を行い，操作特性，省エネルギー性について検討した．運転結果を元に，市販のプロセスシミュレータ上でHIDiCシミュレータを構築した．運転データおよびシミュレーション結果から，外部還流比ゼロおよびリボイラー負荷ゼロでの運転条件が最も経済性に優れ，従来型蒸留塔よりも約62%の省エネルギー性が得られることを示した．作成したシミュレータを用いて塔頂と原料との間での熱交換を行うフローについても検討を行い，HIDiCのさらなる省エネルギー運転の可能性を見出した．
Anti-p53 antibodies are rarely detected in serum of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and Sjögren's syndrome. (1999)

Our results suggest that if p53 mutations have any role in the pathogenesis of some autoimmune diseases, they are rarely associated with the presence of anti-p53 antibodies in patients with RA. In patients with SS, the presence of serum anti-p53 antibodies might be an indirect sign of the development of a lymphoma.
Modification of halogen specificity of a vanadium‐dependent bromoperoxidase (2004)

The halide specificity of vanadium-dependent bromoperoxidase (BPO) from the marine algae, Corallina pilulifera, has been changed by a single amino acid substitution. The residue R397 has been substituted by the other 19 amino acids. The mutant enzymes R397W and R397F showed significant chloroperoxidase (CPO) activity as well as BPO activity. These mutant enzymes were purified and their properties were investigated. The maximal velocities of CPO activities of the R397W and R397F enzymes were 31.2 and 39.2 units/mg, and the K(m) values for Cl(-) were 780 mM and 670 mM, respectively. Unlike the native enzyme, both mutant enzymes were inhibited by NaN(3). In the case of the R397W enzyme, the incorporation rate of vanadate into the active site was low, compared with the R397F and the wild-type enzyme. These results supported the existence of a specific halogen binding site within the catalytic cleft of vanadium haloperoxidases.
Recombinant subunit vaccines: potentials and constraints. (2005)

Recombinant DNA techniques have enormous potential for the development of inexpensive, safe and efficacious vaccines for the aquaculture industry. Aside from rationally attenuated pathogens, two broad categories of recombinant vaccines have been described. The first are so-called "vectored" vaccines, which consist of either viral or plasmid expression vectors harbouring genes for protective antigens from a given pathogen. The second are recombinant subunit antigens produced using heterologous protein expression systems. Less onerous from a regulatory standpoint, recombinant subunit vaccines generate strong antibody responses in recipient animals when administered parenterally with adjuvant-containing formulations. This approach is nevertheless constrained by the fact that low-cost systems for protein expression (especially E. coli, but also yeast) often generate misfolded or incorrectly processed membrane antigens that fail to protect, while more complex insect and mammalian tissue culture cells are prohibitively expensive from a production standpoint. Furthermore, subunit antigens generate less than optimal mucosal and cytotoxic T-cell responses, the last two of which are especially important for the clearance of intracellular pathogens. Fortunately, these constraints are now being overcome through the use of new generation adjuvants and delivery systems that enhance immunogenicity, as well as new expression systems for the production of viral and protozoan membrane antigens.
Acoustic radiation force impulse imaging (ARFI) for non-invasive detection of liver fibrosis: examination standards and evaluation of interlobe differences in healthy subjects and chronic liver disease (2011)

Our study strengthens the necessity for definition of examination standards and demonstrates the usefulness of ARFI in non-viral liver disease. Interlobe variations of liver stiffness demand further investigation.
Optical spectroscopy of individual segments of interband cascade diode laser Nanostacks/spl reg/ (2004)

Monolithically stacked high-power laser structures, i.e. device structures that include two or more nominally identical waveguide segments separated by a specially designed tunnel junction, are designed as high-brightness coherent radiation source predominantly for pulsed operation applications. Additional technological advantages are related to reduced operation currents that need to be provided by the power supply. Such so-called Nanostack/spl reg/ structures are investigated by near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM). This method provides straightforward and separate access to the properties of both optically active segments. Device emission, namely electroluminescence (EL) and lasing, as well as photoluminescence (PL) and photocurrent (PC) data are recorded separately from both device segments with ultra-high spatial resolution.
Cruciform specimen design for large plastic strain during biaxial tensile testing (2018)

The cruciform biaxial tensile test can be used to map the hardening evolution of the yield surface over a wide range of loading paths, which is useful for calibrating and validating the advanced material models. However, when cruciform specimens following ISO Standard 16842 are used, equivalent plastic strain in the gauge region is limited to only ~0.03 for DP590. In this study, a new method was developed to strengthen the arms of ISO Standard cruciform specimen in order to achieve greater plastic deformation in the gauge region. Arm strength of cruciform specimens was enhanced by laser deposition of thickening layers using materials compatible with the base metal. Furthermore, the slit geometry in the arms was adjusted to improve strain distribution and delay fracture. To verify the proposed method, cruciform specimens of different base materials (Cr4, DP590, DP780 and DP980) were tested in a biaxial tensile testing system with the aid of digital image correlation (DIC) techniques to characterize the strain fields within the gauge region. The laser-deposition-affected zones were negligible for the base materials according to optical microscopy. For DP590, the laser deposition method provided an increase of equivalent plastic strain in the gauge region from ~0.03 to ~0.11 for various loading paths. Consequently, evolution of an experimental yield locus was obtained at equivalent plastic strains up to ~0.11 for DP590. Continuing work with Cr4, DP780 and DP980 materials increased equivalent plastic strains to different degrees under nearly plane strain conditions (biaxial force ratio of 1:2).
Characterization of gas chromatographic liquid phases using McReynolds constants: An experiment for instrumental analysis laboratory. (1986)

This paper describes an experiment that is designed to aid in the development of an understanding of the fundamental processes involved in gas chromatographic separations by introducing the student to the Kovats retention index system.
Effect of fog on free-space optical links employing imaging receivers (2012)

We analyze free-space optical links employing imaging receivers in the presence of misalignment and atmospheric effects, such as haze, fog or rain. We present a detailed propagation model based on the radiative transfer equation. We also compare the relative importance of two mechanisms by which these effects degrade link performance: signal attenuation and image blooming. We show that image blooming dominates over attenuation, except under medium-to-heavy fog conditions.
Effects of Double Filtration Plasmapheresis on Nocturnal Respiratory Function in Myasthenic Patients (2013)

Assessment of respiratory function using combined oximetry-cutaneous capnography has never been evaluated in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG). We investigated the effects of double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) on respiratory status in 18 MG patients. Results of combined oximetry and transcutaneous capnography, MG scores, and acetylcholine receptor antibody titers before and after DFPP treatment were compared. The respiratory monitoring was performed at three time periods (morning, afternoon, and sleep). Mean MG score was markedly lower after DFPP treatment (5.7) than before treatment (7.9). Before DFPP, the minimum pulse oximetric saturation (SpO2 ) level obtained during the night session was significantly lower (P = 0.0513 and P = 0.0199) than the levels obtained during the two daytime sessions. A similar phenomenon was noted for maximum transcutaneous carbon dioxide tension (PtcCO2 ). After DFPP treatment, the maximum and mean PtcCO2 levels were significantly higher (P = 0.0056) in the morning than in the afternoon. Of all the respiratory function parameters measured, only minimum SpO2 levels obtained during morning sessions before DFP treatment differed significantly from those obtained after DFPP treatment (P = 0.0322). Overall, however, minimum SpO2 levels as well as mean and maximum PtcCO2 levels improved significantly during sleep after DFPP. In conclusion, we found that respiratory function abnormalities were common in myasthenic patients without clinical respiratory symptoms. DFPP treatment resulted in minimal improvement of respiratory parameters.
High precision biometry of pseudophakic eyes using partial coherence interferometry (1998)

The scanning version of PCI enables high precision (< or = 5 microns) and high resolution (approximately 12 microns) biometry of pseudophakic eyes that is better than conventional ultrasound by a factor of more than 20. For the first time, positive LCD, a possible risk factor for posterior capsule opacification, could be detected and quantified. Furthermore, this technique offers a high degree of comfort for the patient since it is a noncontact method with no need for local anesthesia or pupil dilation and has a reduced risk of corneal infection.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnesium Imide: Synthesis and Structure Determination of an Unconventional Alkaline Earth Imide from Decomposition of Magnesium Amide. (2011)

Abstract Mg(ND 2 ) 2 is prepared by ball milling of MgD 2 under 8 bar ND 3 (12 h) followed by annealing at 300 °C under 8 bar ND 3 .
A new class of lysosomal/vacuolar protein sorting signals. (1990)

A number of inherited lysosomal diseases are known to result from missorting of lysosomal proteins. Considerable attention has been directed toward an understanding of this sorting pathway, and it has become apparent that different mechanisms are used for the sorting of lysosomal membrane and soluble proteins. Protein sorting to the yeast vacuole/lysosome provides a simple model system to study this process. We have mapped the first sorting signal in a vacuolar membrane protein, repressible alkaline phosphatase, and have shown it to be both necessary and sufficient for vacuolar delivery of this enzyme. The sorting information is confined to the transmembrane and cytoplasmic tail region of this type II integral membrane protein. The location of this sorting signal provides an explanation for some of the differences observed between membrane and soluble vacuolar protein sorting.
Irradiation-induced pinning in single-crystal and thin-film Tl sub 2 Ca sub 2 Ba sub 2 Cu sub 3 O sub 10 superconductors (1990)

Magnetization relaxation measurements were used to directly measure the effects of ion irradiation on magnetic flux pinning. The pinning potential (U) in a Tl{sub 2}Ca{sub 2}Ba{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub y} single crystal irradiated with 4.5 MeV protons, to a damage level of 4 {times} 10 {sup {minus}4} dpa, increased by {approx}25% at 25 K. In contrast, U for a highly oriented polycrystalline thin film irradiated with 300 keV He ions to a damage level of 2 {times} 10{sup {minus}4} dpa increased by only 5% at 25 K (and less at higher temperatures). Enhancement of the magnetization critical current density (J{sub cm}) is determined as a function of temperature and damage in the single crystal and thin film. High energy proton irradiation increased J{sub cm} in the single crystal by an order of magnitude at 25 K but had only a small effect on J{sub cm} in the thin film. 13 refs., 4 figs.
A new photon counter for inverse photoemission (1987)

Data are presented obtained from a new design of high-resolution (70 meV) and high-sensitivity, fixed isochromat detector for use in inverse photoemission whose peak quantum efficiency is 20% at an energy of 10.08 eV. The detector design is of the Geiger type with a novel combination of a CaF2 window and CS2 vapor fill. The performance of this detector is compared with others currently being used. It is suggested that this design could provide an inexpensive viable alternative for high-resolution spectroscopy systems. Inverse photoemission spectra obtained from a CuNi(111) surface in ultrahigh vacuum are presented.
Long‐working‐distance microscope used for diesel injection spray imaging (1996)

An optical system for analysis of diesel spray penetration and atomization has been developed. The basic system is based on a microscope with a long working distance (230 mm) and a modest resolution. The magnification is variable between 1:1 and 50:1 on the camera plane. This enables the study of individual droplets with a diameter of 5 mm. A number of different techniques have been used together with the basic system to study different parts of the spray. They include the darkground technique, double exposure, and ordinary magnification. The size, speed, and direction of propagation of the individual droplets have been calculated using the elongation of the droplet image caused by the duration time of the flash.
Monodisperse, size-tunable and highly efficient β-NaYF4:Yb,Er(Tm) up-conversion luminescent nanospheres: controllable synthesis and their surface modifications (2009)

Monodisperse, oil-dispersible β-NaYF4:Yb,Er(Tm) up-conversion (UC) luminescent nanospheres (NPs) have been successfully synthesized. The as-prepared NPs show high size-uniformity without any size-selection process, and the sizes of the NPs can be tuned in the range of 18 nm–45 nm, which are well suitable for biolabels. The NPs are thoroughly characterized and a growth mechanism is proposed. By co-doping Yb-Er or Yb-Tm, the as-prepared NPs can show bright green or blue UC luminescence under the irradiation of a 980 nm near-infrared (NIR) laser, and the UC luminescence can be obviously enhanced by constructing a NaYF4:Yb,Er@NaYF4 core/shell structure. Furthermore, the hydrophobic UC nanospheres (UCNPs) are converted into water-soluble by a robust ligand-exchange pathway with poly(acrylic acid). The presence of free carboxylic acid groups on their surfaces not only results in high solubility in water, but also allows further conjugation with biomolecules such as antigens, antibodies and oligonucleotides, which pave the way for potential bio-applications of the UCNPs.
A Major Peritoneal Reservoir of Precursors for Intestinal IgA Plasma Cells (1989)

Studies presented examine the origin of IgA plasma cells in B lineage chimeric mice constructed by reconstituting lethally irradiated mice with a mixture of syngeneic bone marrow cells and peritoneal cells from Ig heavy chain allotype congenic donors. In these mice, essentially all B cells in spleen and Peyer's patches are derived from the bone marrow donor; however Ly-1 B lineage cells which have been mainly detected in the peritoneum are derived from the peritoneal cell donor. Surprisingly, roughly half of the IgA plasma cells in the lamina propria of the gut are also derived from the peritoneal cell donor, suggesting an important role for peritoneally-derived B cells in the mucosal immune response.
Collaborative particle filters for group tracking (2010)

Tracking groups of people is a highly informative task in surveillance, and it represents a still open and little explored issue. In this paper, we propose a brand new framework for group tracking, that consists in two separate particle filters, one focusing on groups as atomic entities (the multi-group tracker), and the other modeling each individual separately (the multi-object tracker). The latter helps the multi-group tracker in better defining the nature of a group, evaluating the membership of each individual with respect to different groups, and allowing a robust management of the occlusions. The coupling of the two processes is theoretically founded due to the revision of the posterior distribution of the multi-group tracker with the statistics accumulated by the multi-object tracker. Experimental comparative results certify the goodness of the proposed technique.
Quasi-reflection-less bandpass filter with a variable frequency plan (2021)

An adjustable blueprint of microwave quasireflection-less band pass filter is presented in this article in order to execute multiple filter responses with the same design. A three-channel quasi-reflection-less filter is considered and a combination between different bands is achieved by combining channels together while maintaining a quasi-reflection-less particularity. The addition of RF switches with variable states insure the overall resilience of the final design by insuring tunable bands and answer the rising need of complex specifications without incrementing the congestion. The complexity of this design can be pushed further by increasing the number and order of the filters along with the quantity of RF switch and accordingly retrieve a higher number of possible configurations.
Autism Endophenotypes and Quantitative Trait Loci (2011)

The genetic complexity of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) can be addressed by studying correlated quantitative endophenotypes that have simpler modes of inheritance. Successful ASD endophenotypes will exhibit wide variation and substantial heritability. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) studies of these endophenotypes involve selecting an appropriate study sample that captures sufficient variation in those who are affected and possibly those who are unaffected. The choice of statistical algorithm for QTL mapping will depend on the individuals who can be studied and the distribution of the endophenotype. Although QTL studies for ASD are at an early stage, its application to ASD has led to initial successes.
<title>Petawatt laser system</title> (1997)

We recently demonstrated the production of over a petawatt of peak power in the Nova/Petawatt Laser Facility, generating > 600 J in approximately 440 fs. The Petawatt Laser Project was initiated to develop the capability to test the fast ignitor concept for inertial confinement fusion, and to provide a unique capability in high energy density physics. The laser was designed to produce near kJ pulses with a pulse duration adjustable between 0.5 and 20 ps. At the shortest pulse lengths, this laser is expected to surpass 10<SUP>21</SUP> W/cm<SUP>2</SUP> when focused later this year. Currently, this system is limited to 600 J pulses in a 46.3- cm beam. Expansion of the beam to 58 cm, with the installation of 94-cm gratings, will enable 1 kJ operation. Target experiments with petawatt pulses will be possible either integrated with Nova in the 10 beam target chamber or as a stand alone system in an independent, dedicated chamber. Focusing the beam onto a target will be accomplished using an on axis parabolic mirror. The design of a novel targeting system enabling the production of ultrahigh contrast pulses and an easily variable effective focal length is also described.
ChemInform Abstract: Double Deprotonation of N‐Boc‐aminobenzotriazole for the Preparation of Substituted Benzyne Precursors. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Human Platelet Secreted Proteins and Prostacyclin Production by Bovine Aortic Endothelial Cells (1983)

The effects of specific human platelet-secreted proteins on prostacyclin (PGI2) production by primary cultures of bovine aortic endothelial cells have been studied. Cells were incubated with various concentrations of highly purified preparations of platelet factor 4 (PF4), low-affinity platelet factor 4 (LA-PF4), beta-thromboglobulin (beta TG), platelet basic protein (PBP), and partially purified platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in the presence or absence of arachidonic acid (AA). The amount of 6-Keto-PGF1 alpha, the stable degradation product of PGI2, was determined in the cell incubation medium by means of a specific radioimmunoassay. Short-term (15 min) incubation of cell monolayers with either LA-PF4 or beta TG slightly reduced 6-keto-PGF1 alpha production. The effect was not dose-related and could not be observed after prolonged (24 hr) incubation of the cells with the same proteins. It was not seen in the cell suspensions. Moreover, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha production stimulated by AA was not affected by incubation with either of the proteins. PF4 and PBP had no significant effect on 6-keto-PGF1 alpha production by endothelial cells. Human PDGF showed a slight tendency to stimulate 6-keto-PGF1 alpha release when cells were incubated for 24 hr with the protein; however, PDGF did not potentiate the stimulatory effect of AA on 6-keto-PGF1 alpha release by the cells. We suggest that platelet-derived proteins exert only a moderate and possibly nonspecific effect on PGI2 production by endothelial cells.
An analysis of U.S. fishing boats : dimensions, weights, and costs (1959)

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/3530/5/bab1318.0001.001.pdf