gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Metagenomic analyses for understanding structural and functional aspects of microbial communities and their interactions (2018)

Ecology being the study of how living organisms interact with one another and with their environment, there is a critical need for strategies that link community-level taxonomic changes to ecological and functional changes (Ganong, 1902; Prosser et al., 2007). While NGS has increased\nthe ability to successfully capture the richness and composition of microbial communities, researchers are often limited in their ability to ecologically interpret taxonomic changes, or assign specific community members into ecologically meaningful categories. The use of microbial\nfunctions, as opposed to taxonomic structure, presents an opportunity for describing microbial communities in terms of ecologically relevant processes. This chapter describes current approaches to infer and interpret microbial community functions from both rRNA community profiling and from shot-gun metagenomics data.
IL-17A stimulates the production of inflammatory mediators via Erk1/2, p38 MAPK, PI3K/Akt, and NF-κB pathways in ARPE-19 cells. (2011)

IL-17A-induced production of inflammatory mediators by ARPE-19 cells involves Erk1/2, p38MAPK, PI3K-Akt and NF-κB pathways.
Influences of the substituents at the iminic carbon atoms (hydrogen versus methyl) upon the properties of ferrocenylimines and their cyclopalladated derivatives (1994)

Ferrocenylimines of general formula [Fe(η5-C5H5)(η5-C5H4CRNR′)](R = Me, R′= Ph 1a, C6H4Me-2 1b, C6H4Me-4 1c, CH2Ph 1d, CH2C6H4Me-2 1e, CH2C6H4Cl-2 1f, CH2CH2Ph 1g or 1-C10H71h; R = H, R′= Ph 1i, C6H4Me-2 1j, C6H4Me-4 1k, CH2C6H4Me-2 1l, CH2C6H4Cl-2 1m or 1-C10H71n) have been prepared and characterized. Addition of these ligands to methanolic solutions of Na2[PdCl4], and sodium acetate trihydrate in a 1 : 1 molar ratio, results in the formation of the di-µ-chloro bridged cyclopalladated complex [{[graphic omitted]R′)](µ-Cl)}2]2a–2n. Reaction of compounds 2a–2n with triphenylphosphine in benzene yields more soluble monocyclopalladated derivatives [[graphic omitted]R′)}Cl(PPh3)]3a–3n. Proton, 13C and 31P NMR spectroscopic studies on these complexes reveal that cyclopalladation occurs on the ferrocenyl moiety, thus producing five-membered metallacycles containing the CN bond (endo-type structures). The crystal structures of compounds 1a, 1i and 3g have been determined. Complex 1a is triclinic, space group P with a= 10.152(3), b= 12.169(3), c= 12.239(3)Å, α= 90.45(2), β= 100.56(2) and γ= 102.72(2)°. Compound 1i is monoclinic, space group Cc, with a= 5.876(3), b= 37.298(9), c= 12.640(4)Å and β= 103.26(4)°. The complex [[graphic omitted]CH2CH2Ph)}Cl(PPh3)]·CH2Cl23g is monoclinic, space group P21/n with a= 20.343(2), b= 9.133(1), c= 19.714(2)Å and β= 97.17(1)°, and its crystal structure confirms the formation of a five-membered palladocycle fused with the ferrocenyl moiety. The influence of the substituents R (H or Me) and R′ upon the spectroscopic and structural properties of the free ligands and the cyclopalladated complexes is also discussed.
Retinoid Hyperostosis (1983)

An oral synthetic vitamin A derivative, 13-cis-retinoic acid (isotretinoin), is effective in controlling a wide variety of dermatoses. Short-term use produces sustained remission in severe refractory cystic and conglobate acne.1 Higher doses and long-term administration are required to control keratinizing dermatoses, such as lamellar ichthyosis.2 In four of nine consecutive patients receiving long-term 13-cis-retinoic acid for ichthyosis, we have observed an ossification disorder resembling diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis.Case 1Two years after beginning to take 13-cis-retinoic acid (3 mg per kilogram of body weight per day) for lamellar ichthyosis, a 33-year-old woman had . . .
Technique of nano-grating fabricated by AFM (2006)

On the basis of micro-fabrication technique using the atomic force microscope,a new method was proposed for producing high frequency grating.The grating was fabricated on compact disc(polycarbonate) with silicon AFM tip under the contact mode.The fabrication technique was discussed.The experimental parameters were optimized.A grating of nanostructure was formed.As further application,the formed grating involves with digital grating to form digital moire.The grating can be used in deformation measurement of objects in nano-deformation.
Editor's Introducation: Fictionary (1998)

Introduction to the current issue, including editor's picks. Peterson examines “terminological trickiness” and lexical games, particularly as A. A. Howsepian employs them in a recent article in the distinguished journal Religious Studies.
Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 Nanocrystal Coated Capillary for Molecular Sieving of Branched Alkanes from Linear Alkanes along with High-Resolution Chromatographic Separation of Linear Alkanes (2010)

A zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) nanocrystal coated capillary is shown not only to have a strong ability to sieve branched alkanes from linear alkane isomers owing to the narrow pore windows but also to offer excellent features for high-resolution gas chromatographic separation of linear alkanes due to van der Waals interaction between linear alkanes and the hydrophobic inner surfaces of the micropores. This makes the ZIF-8 coated capillary very promising for the specific adsorption and separation of alkanes in complicated matrices.
Characteristics of five cell types appearing during in vitro culture of embryonic material from Drosophila melanogaster. (1970)

Although attempts have been made over a number of decades to achieve successful tissue culture of Drosophila material, progress has been held back until recently by a lack of basic information on the chemical and physiological characteristics of the haemolymph of the organism necessary for a reasoned formulation of a culture medium. In 1963, Begg & Cruickshank published details of the mineral composition, osmotic pressure and pH of the haemolymph of third instar larvae, and this has provided the basis for a more satisfactory approach, as reflected in an increasing amount of fruitful work since reported. Much of this work has been done with embryonic material. Horikawa & Fox (1964) claimed continuous multiplication of a small type of early embryonic cell; Lesseps (1965) described re-aggregation of dissociated embryonic cells in culture, with possible development of muscle cells, nerve cells and oenocytes in the aggregates.
영아 - 부모교육 프로그램에 관한 비교 연구 (1984)

This study is to review and analysis four infant and parent education programs considers similarities and differences in program justification, goals and objectives, content and materials, implementation and evaluation evidence presented by program developers. It was selected some concentrates on program such as Shaefer for infant only; Gordon & Levenstein programs focused on both parent & infant, and Nimnicht`s toy lending library focused on parents. Program similarities that parents are first and most influential educators of their own children underlines educational aspects of program. The prerequisites must be met for any early education program to succeed are consistent home support and stimulation of children by their parents. Active parental involvement - with ultimate goal of enhancing family`s ability to respond to its children - is increasingly seen as a given in any intelligent approach to early childhood education. The modifiability of intelligence and criticalness of environment and Piaget`s concept of sensory motor development are their similarities also. Four programs give rationales for emphasizing language development. The best teachers of parent would be women of a similar background as mother. Non-professional, low-income women usually from same community as mothers were intensively trained as parent educators. And results of intervention were the earlier better, longer better, and more consistent better. Critique issues associated with infant & parent education programs examined also. The issue of intervening in lives of children in their homes prior to their entrance into private or public early childhood programs has to be addressed with greater insight, clarity and caution.
Commodification and housing market cycles in Chinese cities (2014)

The paper assesses how housing commodification in China has been used to cope with the impact of financial crises and open up new opportunities to boost economic growth. In particular, in the aftermath of the global financial crisis, the injection of capital has led to a new housing market cycle. We explain the major housing market cycles after 1978 and suggest an underlying linkage with macroeconomic measures aimed at making housing a more â€˜liquidâ€™ asset and richer households increasingly using second homes as an investment strategy. Further, the Chinese form of development regime is examined, revealing the role of local government in promoting housing markets, on the one hand, and the concern of central government with property bubbles and financial risks â€“ leading to the adaptation of a more regulated approach to restrict housing sales â€“ on the other. We argue that housing market cycles should be understood by seeing how property development is at the centre of urban development in China.
Fließpressen (1997)

Fließpressen ist ein Massivumformverfahren, bei dem der Werkstoff unter Einwirkung eines hohen Druckes zum Fließen gebracht wird. Die Umformung erfolgt überwiegend bei Raumtemperatur — Kaltfließpressen — weil man dabei preßblanke Werkstücke mit hoher Maßgenauigkeit erhält.
1999年度談話会・特別講演アブストラクト集 Colloquium Lectures 北海道大学理学部数学教室 (2000)

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The process of building a Process Manager: Architecture and design patterns (2007)

Process Managers are applications that implement and manage process flows integrating people, information, and technology. They allow customers to improve organizational productivity while satisfying governance and compliance requirements. This paper describes the design challenges in building Process Managers in contrast with workflow-based applications. A methodology is presented which includes using industry best practice processes, usage scenario analysis, and architecture and design patterns that have been derived from lessons learned over the last few years of building Process Managers. Although the approach and design methodology are described for the information-technology-enabled service management domain, the overall design principles are expected to be of interest for most process management domains.
Multispectral-diode-laser-induced fluorescence biological particle sensor (2004)

Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) provides a real-time technique for detecting micron-size airborne pathogens. Early LIF biological particle sensors used harmonic generation of UV in solid-state lasers to excite fluorescence. UV diode lasers have several key advantages over traditional lasers: a greater selection of wavelengths for the efficient and selective excitation of specific fluorescent biological compounds; continuous output so that all sampled particles are interrogated; and the ability to combine several UV diode lasers emitting at different wavelengths into a compact multiple-wavelength source for simultaneously exciting several biofluorophores. The coincident detection of multiple biofluorophores is expected to markedly improve discrimination of airborne pathogens from non-biological background aerosols. In this paper, we describe BioLert 2x16C5+1 - a LIF bio-particle sensor with two diode lasers, detection of sixteen fluorescence emission bands bundled into five user-defined linear combinations, and an elastic scatter detector. BioLert 2x16C5+1 also features fluorescence photon counting for sensitivity sufficient to distinguish between single bacterial spores and similar size inert particles, improved signal processing for optimally distinguishing between airborne pathogens and harmless particles, and a highly integrated air sampling system.
Metabolic kinetics and quantitative analysis by isotope dilution thermospray LC/MS (1987)

The use of thermospray LC/MS for quantitative analysis using isotope dilution is reviewed. Assays for acetylcholine, glucose, sorbitol, cortisol, testosterone and 1,25-(OH)2-vitamin D in biological fluids are discussed.
HIV testing technologies after two decades of evolution. (2005)

Over the past two decades, HIV diagnostics have been essential in detecting and monitoring infection, and continue to play a major role in saving lives throughout the world. As technology evolved, screening, confirmatory, and HIV monitoring assays have been improved and offer better alternatives to address blood screening, surveillance, diagnosis, and patient management. Molecular methods are critical in detecting early infection and for managing patients on anti retroviral therapy whose viral infection may become resistant to therapy. In addition, modifications to conventional methods have introduced new assays, such as sensitive/less sensitive (detuned) assays that can estimate when someone was infected, thereby providing a useful tool for epidemiologic incidence estimates and enrollment into specific intervention programmes for recently infected persons. Many of the newly evolving technologies are essential for use in resource-limited countries because they can address cost issues, limited infrastructure, and a lack of formally trained personnel. Newer rapid HIV kits can be stored in a wide range of temperatures (2-30 degrees C) to address cold-chain issues, can use easily-collected fingerstick blood and oral fluids, and have one-step procedures that are relatively foolproof. Manual CD4 lymphocyte count assays that require only a light microscope and haemacytometer and more simple assays to estimate viral load are appropriate for developing countries where sophisticated instrumentation cannot be supported. Technologic advances with HIV diagnostics continue to address outstanding and new issues associated with diagnosis and the monitoring of infection by providing more simplified, cost-effective, and accurate testing throughout the world.
Disabling Camera Features in a Mobile Phone in Restricted Zones (2016)

Objective: To provide a system that is effective in its objective of curtailing the vulnerable camera component access inside the restricted environment. Method: Failure to provide a standardized feature for industry purpose have left them vulnerable to some of the unwanted features in a mobile phone. This means that the mobile phone is able to have all components as a casual user. This maybe a source for the violation of some of the secure company’s policies. It may not be a viable option to deprive the user from possessing a phone with those components. Instead, it is a feasible solution to curb the user from using it in the restricted zone under consideration. Our solution involves a system where there is a well-defined architecture that provides the methods to curtail the vulnerable components. Findings: The method is an add-on on top of the existing solution and is a minimal effort to attempt at providing the necessary secure features for the organization using it. This allows the companies to enforce more productive ideas such as Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) without any concerns. Application: The proposed system effectively adds up to the mobile device management principles and serves the purpose of completely automated security for mobile device.Keywords: Bring Your Own Device (BYOD), Camera Access, Mobile Device Management (MDM), Mobile Application
Microwave Processing and Ethanol-Based Fixation in Forensic Pathology (2006)

An ethanol-based fixative (FineFIX) has been used, together with rapid microwave-stimulated processing, in postmortem material, resulting in a rapid fixation and processing of the tissues with morphology, histochemical stains, and immunocytochemistry comparable to formalin-fixed material. Furthermore, this alternative fixation gives better DNA recovery in higher amounts if compared with DNA extracted from formalin-fixed tissue, particularly advantageous in forensic pathology.
Augmented reality using a 3D motion capturing suit (2013)

In the paper, we propose an approach that immerses the human user in an Augmented Reality (AR) environment with the use of an inertial motion capturing suit and a Head Mounted Displays system. The proposed approach allows for full body interaction with the AR environment in real-time and it does not require the use of any markers or cameras.
A Competitiveness Analysis of Information And Telecommunications Equipments Industry in South Korea (1996)

Does the competitiveness of ow Information and Telecommunications Equipments Industry have \problems in viewpoint of export and import? If it has problems, what are those? Can we identify in detail where the problem will be? In this paper we deals with the above issues and suggest an analysis tool to narrow the scope of the place where the problem is to be emerged. Some characteristics of this analysis tool are figured out.
A New First Step in Activation of Steroid Receptors (2002)

We have identified a new first step in the hormonal activation of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Rather than causing immediate dissociation of the cytoplasmic GR heterocomplex, binding of hormone-induced substitution of one immunophilin (FKBP51) for another (FKBP52), and concomitant recruitment of the transport protein dynein while leaving Hsp90 unchanged. Immunofluorescence and fractionation revealed hormone-induced translocation of the hormone-generated GR-Hsp90-FKBP52-dynein complex from cytoplasm to nucleus, a step that precedes dissociation of the complex within the nucleus and conversion of GR to the DNA-binding form. Taken as a whole, these studies identify immunophilin interchange as the earliest known event in steroid receptor signaling and provide the first evidence of differential roles for FKBP51 and FKBP52 immunophilins in the control of steroid receptor subcellular localization and transport.
Common transcriptional programs and the role of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20 (<i>CCL20</i>) in cell migration of cholangiocarcinoma. (2019)

The incidence of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) has risen in many countries, but there is still no appropriate screening and treatment available. The growing number of microarray data published todays can be a powerful resource for the discovery of biomarkers to tackle challenges in the management of CCA. This study analyzed multiple microarray datasets to identify the common transcriptional networks in CCA and select a possible biomarker for functional study in CCA cell lines. A systematic searching identified 4 microarray datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository and PubMed articles. Differential expression analysis between tumor and normal tissues was performed in each dataset. In order to characterize the common expression pattern, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from all datasets were combined and visualized by hierarchical clustering and heatmap. Gene enrichment analysis performed in each cluster revealed that over-expressed DEGs were enriched in cell cycle, cell migration and response to cytokines while under-expressed DEGs were enriched in metabolic processes such as oxidation-reduction, lipid, and drug. To explain tumor characteristics, genes enriched in cell migration and response to cytokines were further investigated. Among these genes, CCL20 was selected for functional study because its role has never been studied in CCA. Moreover, its signaling may be regulated by disrupting its only receptor, CCR6. Treatment with recombinant CCL20 induced higher cell migration and increased expression of N-cad. In contrast, knockdown of CCR6 by siRNA reduced cell migration ability and decreased N-cadherin level. Altogether, these results suggested the contribution of CCL20/CCR6 signaling in cell migration through epithelial-mesenchymal transition process. Thus, CCL20/CCR6 signaling might be a target for the management of CCA.
Mikalojus Konstantinas Ciurlionis, composer (2013)

The Lithuanian artist Ciurlionis developed two talents: music and painting. The present article was written in the context of an exhibition at the Museum of Fine Arts in Ghent that presented an impressive overview of his work as a painter. In the article on Ciurlionis as a composer, the relationship between the two sides of his artistic practice is defined and the stylistic features of his music explored.
Recommended Specimen Dimensions and Boundary Conditions for Measurement of Hydrogen Permeation in Thick Carbon Steel Plates (2015)

The present work discusses the influence of specimen dimen- sions and boundary conditions on the deviation towards 2D diffusion during hydrogen permeation measurements on thick carbon steel plates. It was mathematically found and experi- mentally confirmed that hydrogen losses through lateral dif- fusion could significantly affect the validity of laboratory mea- surements on thick plates, since the common 1D simplification of diffusion equations is no longer valid. Based on a finite element analysis, two options are proposed to minimize the ef- fects of side diffusion on permeation measurements. The first option, which encompasses ISO 17081 criteria, recommends optimum radii for hydrogen charging and extraction surfaces and is valid for a wide range of specimen thicknesses. The second option relies on modification of boundary conditions and consists of applying a hydrogen-diffusion barrier on the specimen side edges. This second option was experimentally tested and validated by means of an oxide layer deposited us- ing a heat treatment. The present paper will describe in detail the mathematical modeling and experimental approaches and the basis for our recommendation.
A model for the plasma-activated chemical vapor deposition process (1985)

This paper presents the results of a theoretical study of the plasma-activated chemical vapor deposition (PCVD) process used for the preparation of optical fibers. We show how the static deposition profile of silica can be computed by taking into account convection, reaction, and diffusion processes inside the glass tube. The parameters describing these processes are estimated. We examine how the deposition profile depends on the gas velocity, the reaction, and the diffusion constants. Theory and experiment are in good agreement. The calculations confirm the idea that in the PCVD process the deposit is formed from single molecules and not from clusters.
Lambda Interferons: New Cytokines with Old Functions (2010)

Interferon lambda (IFN-λ) is a member of the class II cytokine family, and like the other members of this family, they are small helical proteins. Since their discovery significant efforts have been made to determine their role in innate and adaptive immunity. Their strong antiviral activity, both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>, has firmly established their interferon status. However, in contrast to type I interferon, only a very limited subset of cells/tissues responds to interferon lambda. In addition to inducing an antiviral state in responsive cells, recent data suggest that IFN-l plays a role in shaping the adaptive immune response. However, the data is not in complete agreement regarding the effect of IFN-λ on the adaptive immune system. Recently IFN-l has entered clinical trials against hepatitis C Virus and IFN-l is a promising future therapeutic, against different viruses replicating in responsive tissues, like that of the airway epithelia. In this review we describe the knowledge acquired during the past six years about the structure and function of interferon lambda.