gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cyber Security and Privacy Issues in Industrial Internet of Things (2021)

The emergence of industry 4.0 stems from research that has received a great deal of attention in the last few decades. Consequently, there has been a huge paradigm shift in the manufacturing and production sectors. However, this poses a challenge for cybersecurity and highlights the need to address the possible threats targeting (various pillars of) industry 4.0. However, before providing a concrete solution certain aspect need to be researched, for instance, cybersecurity threats and privacy issues in the industry. To fill this gap, this paper discusses potential solutions to cybersecurity targeting this industry and highlights the consequences of possible attacks and countermeasures (in detail). In particular, the focus of the paper is on investigating the possible cyber-attacks targeting 4 layers of IIoT that is one of the key pillars of Industry 4.0. Based on a detailed review of existing literature, in this study, we have identified possible cyber threats, their consequences, and countermeasures. Further, we have provided a comprehensive framework based on an analysis of cybersecurity and privacy challenges. The suggested framework provides for a deeper understanding of the current state of cybersecurity and sets out directions for future research and applications.
A device for easier collection of fetal scalp blood. (1983)

Since its introduction in 1961 the analysis of fetal scalp blood has become an indispensable tool in modern intrapartum obstetric management. However, the procedure to obtain a fetal blood sample remains rather cumbersome. A new device - with a light source inside - was developed which allows collection of fetal scalp blood directly into a capillary tube. The instrument can be used single-handed and since no change of instrumentation during this procedure is necessary, blood collection can be performed rapidly. Moreover, the depth of the incision into the fetal scalp is predefined to give maximal safety to the procedure.
Ardmore and the Awarding of B.E. Degrees - 50 Years On (1998)

It is fifty years this year since the School of Engineering at Auckland University was relocated to Ardmore. This year is also a suitable fiftieth anniversary to mark the completion of the first BE. degrees from Auckland. As the new century and millennium approach, and with many changes occurring in the tertiary educational scene, we review some aspects of the teaching of engineering at Auckland, and take a brief look ahead.
Evidence for cooperation between TCR V region and junctional sequences in determining a dominant cytotoxic T lymphocyte response to herpes simplex virus glycoprotein B (1997)

TCR repertoire availability has the potential to influence the immune response to foreign antigens. Here we have analysed how changes in V region availability influence the H-2b-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response to a dominant peptide determinant derived from the herpes simplex virus glycoprotein B (gB). We have previously shown that C57BL/6 mice mount a gB-specific, Kb-restricted CTL response which is dominated by a TCRBV10+ population and a TCRBV8S1+ subpopulation, both containing highly conserved CDR3 elements. We find that this dominant gB-specific CTL pool is lost in C57/L mice which have a different TCRBV haplotype. A population of CTL with diverse TCRBV and junctional sequence usage, which otherwise represents a minor subset in the gB-specific response, appears to emerge as a consequence of this TCRBV gene variation. The loss of preferential V region-encoded complementarity determining regions (CDR) 1- and/or CDR2-ligand interactions in this emerging population also results in a change in CDR3 sequence usage and a corresponding focusing of an otherwise promiscuous pattern of cross-reactivity with a panel of gB498-505 substitution analogues. This suggests that the difference between the two distinct TCR populations is the relative contributions of the CDR towards ligand recognition. Therefore, preferential V region-ligand interaction, at the expense of CDR3 peptide recognition, appears to control the dominant TCR selection in the C57BL/6 response to this peptide determinant.
Prevention of Glomerulonephritis and Prolonged Survival in New Zealand Black/New Zealand White F1 Hybrid Mice Fed an Essential Fatty Acid-deficient Diet (1981)

Female B/W mice spontaneously develop an autoimmune disease that is similar to systemic lupus erythematosus. Antibodies to doublestranded DNA (dsDNA) and antinuclear antibodies develop in aging animals; death from immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis occurs from 8 to 12 mo of age. It has been reported that prostaglandin (PG)E(1) treatment of such mice prolongs survival. In the present study, four groups of female B/W mice were studied beginning at 6-11 wk of age on the following regimens: (a) a synthetic diet that contained 20% safflower oil, (b) a standard laboratory chow diet, (c) a standard diet together with injections of PGE(1), and (d) an essential fatty acid-deficient synthetic diet that contained 20% coconut oil. All animals were tested monthly for antinuclear antibodies and anti-dsDNA. Kidney tissue was obtained for light and immunofluorescence microscopy when animals were dying. All disease manifestations were altered strikingly in the essential fatty acid (EFA)-deficient animals. Intermediate benefit was seen in PGE(1)-treated animals. 7% of the control animals and 18% of safflower oil-fed animals survived to 10 mo. In contrast, the PGE(1)-treated and EFA-deficient mice had a similar survival rate (78-88%). At age 16 mo, 78% of EFA-deficient mice and 45% of PGE(1)-treated mice were alive. 25% of the PGE(1)-treated and 55% of the EFA-deficient animals survived to 20 mo. Serum anti-dsDNA appeared at age 5 mo in safflower oil-fed and control animals, but not until 9 and 12 mo for PGE(1)-treated and EFA-deficient animals, respectively. All kidneys from 7- to 9-mo-old safflower oil-fed and control animals and the majority of kidneys from PGE(1)-treated animals were abnormal by light and immunofluorescence microscopy. Kidneys from EFA-deficient animals were essentially normal at 10 mo. At 13 mo, all PGE(1)-treated animals examined had significant kidney involvement, whereas none of the EFA-deficient animals had glomerulonephritis. These findings demonstrate that an EFA-deficient diet has a beneficial effect on murine lupus erythematosus.
Bone formation and calcification by isolated osteoblastlike cells. (1982)

Two cell populations were isolated from calvaria of chick embryos: PF cells were liberated by collagenase treatment from the periosteum, OB cells from the periosteum-free calvarium. Both populations were cultured in plastic culture dishes. After 6 d of culture, monolayers of each cell type either were scraped off the culture dishes, transplanted on the chorio-allantoic membrane of 7-d-old quail eggs, and cultured there for 6 d, or were used for biochemical experiments. OB transplants proved capable of producing calcified bone matrix, whereas PF transplants formed only fibrous tissue. Biochemically, OB cells showed high cAMP production in the presence of parathyroid hormone (PTH), whereas cAMP production was not stimulated in PF cultures. Lactate production was stimulated by PTH in both populations although somewhat differently. Citrate decarboxylation was high in OB cells and was inhibited by PTH but was low in PF cells, where it was stimulated by the same hormone. The differences in hormonal response between the two cell types made it possible to conclude that PF cultures are relatively free of OB cells. The PF contamination in OB cultures was more difficult to assess. The experiments described in this report show that the OB population contains osteoblasts or osteoblastlike cells which are, under favorable circumstances, capable of bone formation.
The Ability of Bile to Scavenge Superoxide Radicals and Pigment Gallstone Formation in Guinea Pigs (1996)

After partial ligation of the common bile duct (CBD) of guinea pigs, 14 of 16 animals developed pigment gallstones within one week (S group). Intraperitoneal injection of Vit. E and C, each 10 mg/kg daily from 3 days before CBD ligation to one week after the operation (S+V group), decreased the gallstone incidence to 5/14 (exact probability < 0.01). The gallstone incidence in the control group, that only received laparotomy without ligation of the CBD, was 0/15. Biochemical analysis of the gallbladder bile showed that stricture of the CBD was associated with a significant increase in levels of unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) and Ca2+ (p < 0.05 and < 0.01). Simultaneously the scavenging rate (SR) of superoxide radical in bile significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Comparing S+V group with S group, the effect of Vit. E and C on the concentrations of UCB and Ca2+ in bile was not significant (both p > 0.05), but Vit. E and C normalized the SR, and the difference between S group and S+V group was significant (p < 0.05). These results suggested that Vit. E and C, known as antioxidants, enhanced the ability to scavenge oxygen radical in S+V group; and that in addition to the increases of UCB and Ca2+ concentrations, the participation of oxygen radicals might be of importance for pigment gallstone formation induced by bile duct obstruction.
[Changes in the serum protein profile during radiotherapy of the upper respiratory and digestive tracts]. (1984)

Patients with a cancer of the upper airways or upper gastro-intestinal tract present a state of malnutrition as a result of the disease itself and, more importantly, as a result of its localisation. Loco-regional radiotherapy often leads to an aggravation of this state. The protein profile, consisting of nine serum proteins, was determined each week in 54 patients with cancer of the upper respirato-gastro-intestinal tract receiving radiotherapy. During the course of radiotherapy, the already altered nutritional state of these patients deteriorated further, as shown by a regular and significant downturn in the weight curve. The weekly monitoring of the protein profile showed a gradual and significant decrease in the levels of nutritional proteins (prealbumin, retinol binding protein, transferrin) and immunoglobulins (IgM, IgA) and a small variation in the levels of inflammatory proteins (haptoglobin, orosomucoid, C3 complement fraction, alpha 1-antitrypsin). The protein profile, established on the basis of carefully selected proteins, can provide useful information in the monitoring of a patient's nutritional state.
Application of AN69® Hydrogel to Islet Encapsulation (1997)

The polymer AN69 (polyacrylonitrile-sodium methallylsulfonate) is a reference in biocompatibility in the field of hemodialysis. Its use for the encapsulation of living cells has been already described, but this study is the first description of AN69 hydrogel-encapsulated islet isograft in streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats. The aim of this work is to evaluate the biocompatibility of the AN69 hydrogel by comparison of the efficacy of free versus encapsulated islets transplanted to balance diabetes. Pancreatic islets are isolated from adult male Lewis rats by a standard collagenase digestion and purified on Ficoll density gradients. The AN69 hollow fiber is obtained by coextrusion of an 8% AN69 collodion. The hollow fiber is filled with islets suspended in agarose at the final concentration of 10,000 islets/ml, closed with surgical clips and implanted. The recipients are rendered diabetic by intravenous injection of STZ. The experimental design includes 4 groups of 8 rats: group 1: control, group 2: diabetic rats intraperitoneally implanted with 6000 free islets, group 3: diabetic rats intraperitoneally implanted with 9000 encapsulated islets, group 4: diabetic control. Weight and fasting glycemia are evaluated twice a week, diuresis once a week. After free islet implantation, rat survival is improved with glycemia below 250 mg/dl during 22 days. Compared to group 2, the status of group 3 is better, with a glycemia below 250 mg/dl during at least 70 days. This tends to demonstrate the biocompatibility of AN69 and is the first step of the validation of the use of AN69 for living cell encapsulation.
Mechanisms of bone anabolism regulated by statins (2012)

Osteoporosis is a common disease in the elderly population. The progress of this disease results in the reduction of bone mass and can increase the incidence of fractures. Drugs presently used clinically can block the aggravation of this disease. However, these drugs cannot increase the bone mass and may result in certain side effects. Statins, also known as HMG-CoA (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA) reductase inhibitors, have been widely prescribed for CVD (cardiovascular disease) for decades. Nonetheless, several studies have demonstrated that statins exert bone anabolic effect and may be helpful for the treatment of osteoporosis. Several experiments have analysed the mechanisms of bone anabolism regulated by statins. In the present paper, we review the mechanisms of promoting osteogenesis, suppressing osteoblast apoptosis and inhibiting osteoclastogenesis.
The Origin of the Biphasic Flow Response to Local Heat in Skin (2008)

Metarterioles are not only necessary but sufficient to explain the origin of the biphasic flow response in skin blood flow.
Computing block importance for searching on web sites (2007)

In this paper we consider the problem of using the block structure of a Web page to improve ranking results when searching for information on Web sites. Given the block structure of the Web pages as input, we propose a method for computing the importance of each block (in the form of block weights) in a Web collection. As we show through experiments, the deployment of our method may allow a significant improvement in the quality of search results. We ran experiments to compare the quality of search results when using our method to the quality obtained when using no structure information. When compared to a ranking method that considered pages as monolithic units, our block-based ranking method led to improvements in the quality of search results in experiments with two sites with heterogeneous structures. Further, our method does not increase the cost of processing queries when compared to the systems using no structural information.
Using Touchable Tabletop as Unified Control Platform in Digital Home (2012)

Nowadays the popularity of the digital home concept and the types of household electronical appliances have significantly increased. But due to standalone interfaces bound to different manufactures, controlling in digital home becomes messy. So it is important to find a new way of controlling process in digital home. This paper puts forward the design and implementation of a unified control platform using touchable tabletop as a solution. The touchable controlling pattern provides friendly user experience. And the unified management makes the home appliances operate in an orderly manner. We aim at providing an effective option and reference to general design of controlling and managing household appliances in digital home.
Recording diagnostic and interventional procedures in the cardiac catheter laboratory: a relational database with graphical user interface (2002)

The progressive development of diagnostic and interventional procedures in the cardiac laboratory requires an improved documentation and quality control. The authors designed a relational PC database for the documentation of coronary angiography, ventriculography, hemodynamic measurement, aortography, angioplasty including all modern interventional techniques as well as diagnostic and interventional electrophysiology. The database is programmed with ACI 4th Dimension on Apple computer offering a complete window-based user interface. All data entry can be done by mouse-click and graphical buttons minimizing the need for keyboard entry. The database complies with the nationally agreed minimal basis cardiological and ACC recommended dataset.
Turizmde Doçentlik Unvanı: Kapalı Kariyer Yolu ve Etkileri (2011)

Turizm, en yuksek akademik dereceye sahip olmasina ragmen, istisnai olarak docentlik akademik kariyer unvanindan yoksundur. Kariyer yolundaki bu tikanma, akademisyenlerin turizm bilgisi uretimi ve buna bagli olarak turizmin disipliner gelisimi uzerinde birtakim etkilere sahiptir. Akademik kariyer yolundaki soz konusu bu tikaniklik, ayni zamanda turizm akademisyenlerini ekonomik, psiko-sosyal ve yonetsel olarak da etkilemektedir. Arastirmanin birincil verileri, 207 turizm akademisyenine gonderilen anket formlari ile elde edilmistir. Sonuclara gore, docentlik kariyer unvan boslugu, akademisyenlerin calisma odagini turizmin disina itmekte, bunun bir yansimasi olarak da uretilen akademik turizm bilgisinin nitelik ve niceligi olumsuz etkilenmektedir. Bu durum ayni zamanda turizmin ayri bir disiplin olarak gelisimini de olumsuz etkileyebilmektedir. Bu etkiler nedeniyle turizm akademisyenlerinin buyuk cogunlugu, turizmde docentlik akademik kariyer unvaninin olmasi gerektigini dusunmektedirler. Diger yandan akademik kariyer unvanindaki mevcut durum ve bunun sonuclari, Yuksek Ogretim Kurulu’nun turizm alani ile ilgili politikalariyla da zit bir gorunum sergilemektedir.
Myeloperoxidase mRNA Analysis in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (1996)

Expression of the myeloperoxidase (MPO) gene at the mRNA level is a better lineage marker than enzymatic activity in early myeloid precursors and their leukemic counterparts. Its diagnostic use depends on the specificity of expression for myeloblasts and its absence in blasts of lymphoid lineage. The present study investigates MPO mRNA expression in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Of a total of 13 cases, six were found to have blasts positive for MPO mRNA; in all of these cases, the blasts were cytochemically negative for MPO. This unexpected finding of MPO mRNA positivity in six of 13 cases was further investigated at the molecular level. Bcr gene rearrangement analysis was positive in all six cases for the bcr breakpoint diagnostic of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Only three of these six cases were cytogenetically positive for a Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome. Based on molecular analysis, these cases are considered as CML presenting in blast crisis of lymphoid lineage, as opposed to de novo ALL. The remaining seven cases were Ph negative at the cytogenetic and molecular levels; the leukemic blasts were MPO mRNA negative, confirming the lack of MPO gene expression in de novo ALL.
A Maximin Model for Test Design with Practical Constraints (1989)

A maximin model for IRT-based test design is proposed. In the model only the relative shape of the target test information function is specified. It serves as a constraint subject to which a linear programming algorithm maximizes the information in the test. In the practice of test construction, several demands as linear constraints in the model. A worked example of a text construction problem with practical constraints is presented. The paper concludes with a discussion of some alternative models of test construction.
The right border region of pTiT37 T-DNA is intrinsically more active than the left border region in promoting T-DNA transformation. (1986)

Deletions of border regions of T-DNA on Agrobacterium Ti plasmid or mini-T plasmid have shown the right border region of pTiT37 T-DNA to be more active than the left border region in promoting T-DNA transformation. In this study we examine the possibility that the apparent difference in activity of left and right border regions may be due to position or orientation differences between the left and right borders with respect to the transferred onc genes. We have constructed eight similar single-border mini-T plasmids that contain a left border segment or a right border segment of pTiT37 T-DNA at various positions with either orientation with respect to the onc genes. We assayed the plant tumor-inducing activity of these mini-T plasmids in Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404 containing the virulence helper plasmid pAL4404. Regardless of the position and orientation of the border-containing segment in the mini-T plasmid, mini-T plasmids with the right border segment were highly virulent, whereas those with the left border segment were only weakly so. These results indicate that the difference in transformational activity between the left and right border regions is intrinsic and not an effect of position or orientation with respect to the onc genes. The pattern of the mini-T plasmid sequences integrated into the plant genome suggests that T-DNA transformation involves the directional transfer of a linear intermediate bounded by the border repeats.
Separation and quantitation of coproporphyrin and uroporphyrin in urine. (1974)

Coproporphyrin and uroporphyrin are separated from urine and from each other by absorption onto, and selective elution from, an anion-exchange resin. The two compounds are separated by using solvents differing in both polarity and pH. The porphyrins are then quantitated with an Aminco-Bowman Spectrophotofluorometer equipped with an ellipsoidal mirror and a red-sensitive photomultiplier tube. Porphyrins can be determined in 1 ml of urine from a normal individual.
Viscosity Stabilization of Tapioca Starch (1973)

Abstract Two samples of Tapioca starch of different viscosities have been crosslinked with sodium trimetaphosphate, epichlorohydrin, and phosphorus oxychloride. Of these crosslinking agents, epichlorohydrin is the most efficient, requiring only 0.01 to 0.15% of the reagent on the weight of starch. It is noted that tapioca starch having initially a high viscosity requires less amount of the crosslinking agent for stabilization of its paste viscosity as compared to the starch sample having low initial viscosity.
Isolation and culture of biliary epithelial cells. (1994)

At one time it was thought that biliary epithelial cells simply formed the lining to the tubular conduits which constitute the biliary tract. Development of in vitro systems for culturing biliary epithelial cells has enabled functional studies which increasingly show that this is far from true, and that biliary epithelial cells do have important functional roles. Disruption of these functions may be involved in the generation of pathology. Most functional studies to date have utilised cells isolated from rat liver. Increasingly, variations are being found between human and animal cells both in terms of function and phenotype. The relevance of animal cells in the study of human disease therefore remains obscure. Human biliary tract disease has to date been studied almost exclusively by examination of histological sections. The development of improved methods for isolating highly pure biliary epithelial cells from human liver provides a new technology with which to investigate directly the dynamics of human biliary epithelial cell biology and pathobiology. It is predicted that further progress will now be made in dissecting the biology and physiology of human biliary epithelium.
The effects of topical everolimus and sunitinib on corneal neovascularization (2015)

Topical administration of both everolimus and sunitinib reduced VEGFR-2 levels and inhibited CNV. In additon, everolimus reduced ERK 1/2 levels and seems to be more effective than sunitinib on CNV.