gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MPEG-7 visual motion descriptors (2001)

This paper describes tools and techniques for representing motion information in the context of MPEG-7 standardization for multimedia description interfaces. It first gives an overview of the current organization of the set of MPEG-7 motion descriptions, then illustrates this by presenting two of them, motion activity and motion trajectory, in more detail. It explains how to extract them from the content, how to express them in a compact way, and illustrates their use in concrete applications scenarios.
A CASE OF ACUTE POLIOMYELITIS (1907)

Journal Article A CASE OF ACUTE POLIOMYELITIS Get access STANLEY BARNES, M.D., D.Sc., M.R.C.P., STANLEY BARNES, M.D., D.Sc., M.R.C.P. Assistant Physician to the General Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JAMES MILLER, M.D., D.Sc., M.R.C.P.,ED. JAMES MILLER, M.D., D.Sc., M.R.C.P.,ED. Special Lecturer on Bacteriology at the University, and Visiting Pathologist to the General HospitalBirmingham Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Brain, Volume 30, Issue 1, June 1907, Pages 101–109, https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/30.1.101 Published: 01 June 1907
Study for Active Control of Jet-Fan Noise (2000)

This paper describes reduction method of Jet-Fan noise using Active Noise Control (ANC) systems. The dominant frequency component of Jet-Fan noise is the blade passing frequency (BPF) of rotating fan blades. To reduce the BPF, we have used a multi channel ANC system using four error sensors and twelve speakers. Results show, (1) Coupling one error sensor and three speakers is effective. (2) The BPF component can be reduced by 9dB three-dimensionally at the optimal position of the error sensors.
Well logs evaluate and monitor heavy oil steamflood in Kern County, California (1981)

The Poso McVan heavy oil reservoir, located in Kern County, California, is being evaluated based on large diameter core and open and cased hole well logging suites. Comparative results for oil saturation and reservoir porosity are presented based on core analysis, resistivity, porosity, dielectric log (EPT), and carbon/oxygen log. Initial experiences with the monitoring of steamflood operations also are discussed.
A Short Formal Synthesis of (±)-Perhydrohistrionicotoxin (2008)

The reaction of a silyl enol ether bearing a nitrogen atom with a hemiacetal vinylog in the presence of a catalytic amount of boron trifluoride etherate led to the corresponding ketoaldehyde. The cyclisation of the ketoaldehyde into azaspiroenone and nitrogen deprotection was performed in basic medium. The N-benzylation of this enone gave the known key intermediate of total synthesis of (±)-perhydrohistrionicotoxin.
Sequential polypeptides. Part I. Use of mono-esters of catechol in the synthesis of sequential polypeptides (1971)

Benzyloxycarbonylpeptide 2-benzyloxyphenyl esters have been shown to be useful intermediates for the racemisation-free synthesis of sequential polypeptides. Simultaneous removal of the benzyloxycarbonyl and benzyl groups with hydrogen bromide in acetic acid (or, less satisfactorily, by hydrogenolysis) gives a peptide 2-hydroxyphenyl ester salt, which is not isolated but is polymerised immediately by triethylamine in dimethyl sulphoxide. Syntheses of poly(glycylglycyl-L-phenylalanine), poly-(β-alanyl-L-phenylalanine) and poly(glycyl-L-prolyl-L-alanine) are described as examples. In the last case the polymer (molecular weight by the Archibald method 1·20 ± 0·1 × 104) had an optical rotation more than twice as great as a preparation of similar molecular weight obtained previously by use of a 4-nitrophenyl ester. Attempts to extend the versatility of the method by using alternative methods of blocking the phenolic group have so far proved fruitless.
Functional Dissection of the α and β Subunits of Transcription Factor PEBP2 and the Redox Susceptibility of Its DNA Binding Activity (1996)

The mouse transcription factor PEBP2 is a heterodimer of two subunits: a DNA binding subunit alpha and its partner subunit beta. The alpha subunit shares a region of high homology, termed the Runt domain, with the products of the Drosophila melanogaster segmentation gene runt and the human acute myeloid leukemia-related gene AML1. To study the molecular basis for the DNA binding and heterodimerization functions of this factor, we constructed series of deletions of the alpha and beta subunits and examined their activities by electrophoretic mobility shift and affinity column assays. The minimal functional region of the alpha subunit for DNA binding and dimerization was shown to coincide with the Runt domain. On the other hand, the region of the beta subunit required for heterodimerization was localized to the N-terminal 135 amino acids. Furthermore, it was found that the DNA binding activity of the Runt domain is regulated by a reduction/oxidization (redox) mechanism and that its reductively activated state, which is extremely labile, is stabilized by the beta subunit. These findings add a new layer to the mechanism and significance of the regulatory interplay between the two subunits of PEBP2.
Systeme de vision utilisant le flou optique: application a la recherche automatique de defauts d'aspects (1985)

The possibilities of a hybrid image processor, entitled Net Flou, used for the automatic detection of defects are presented. In this paper, the new idea is to optimize the Net-Flou system to detect defects with particular spatial frequency characteristics. An application example in detecting visual defects of mechanical objects (connecting rods) will be illustrated.
Electromagnetic Interference Pattern of Resonance Cones in the Far Field (1980)

At large densities or large distances from the transmitting antenna it is observed that resonance cones, instead of being a single sharp peak, become spatially modulated by a multiperiod interference pattern; this interference pattern can dominate over the phasing imposed by a grill antenna. A simple theory shows that this effect occurs when ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{\mathrm{pe}}\frac{\mathcal{r}}{c}\ensuremath{\gg}1$ and that it is caused by electromagnetic terms neglected in the electrostatic approximation.
Real-Time Background Subtraction Using Adaptive Sampling and Cascade of Gaussians (2017)

Background-Foreground classification is a fundamental well-studied problem in computer vision. Due to the pixel-wise nature of modeling and processing in the algorithm, it is usually difficult to satisfy real-time constraints. There is a trade-off between the speed (because of model complexity) and accuracy. Inspired by the rejection cascade of Viola-Jones classifier, we decompose the Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) into an adaptive cascade of classifiers. This way we achieve a good improvement in speed without compensating for accuracy. In the training phase, we learn multiple KDEs for different durations to be used as strong prior distribution and detect probable oscillating pixels which usually results in misclassifications. We propose a confidence measure for the classifier based on temporal consistency and the prior distribution. The confidence measure thus derived is used to adapt the learning rate and the thresholds of the model, to improve accuracy. The confidence measure is also employed to perform temporal and spatial sampling in a principled way. We demonstrate a speed-up factor of 5x to 10x and 17 percent average improvement in accuracy over several standard videos.
Total Synthesis of Phorboxazole A via <i>de Novo</i> Oxazole Formation: Strategy and Component Assembly (2010)

The phorboxazole natural products are among the most potent inhibitors of cancer cell division, but they are essentially unavailable from natural sources at present. Laboratory syntheses based upon tri-component fragment coupling strategies have been developed that provide phorboxazole A and analogues in a reliable manner and with unprecedented efficiency. This has been orchestrated to occur via the sequential or simultaneous formation of both of the natural product's oxazole moieties from two serine-derived amides, involving oxidation-cyclodehydrations. The optimized preparation of three pre-assembled components, representing carbons 3-17, 18-30, and 31-46, has been developed. This article details the design and syntheses of these three essential building blocks. The convergent coupling approach is designed to facilitate the incorporation of structural changes within each component to generate unnatural analogues, targeting those with enhanced therapeutic potential and efficacy.
Fischer−Tropsch Synfuels from Biomass: Maximizing Carbon Efficiency and Hydrocarbon Yield (2010)

According to various published process studies, efficiencies of biomass-to-liquid conversion may be expected in the range of 30−50% for chemical energy and 25−45% for carbon recovered in hydrocarbon products. Strategies for improving carbon conversion efficiency include minimizing O2 consumption in gasification and increasing synthesis selectivities and CO2 conversion during synthesis with hydrogen added from external sources. CO2 conversion during Fischer−Tropsch (FT) synthesis is possible with a CO/CO2 shift-active catalyst, if sufficient H2 is available. A combined experimental and modeling study has shown that equilibrium and kinetic limitations involved can be decreased by means of a membrane, which allows for in situ removal of H2O from the catalyst bed. The results help to quantify the effects of H2O permeability, permselectivities, and reaction conditions and help to indicate directions for further membrane development. This paper collects yield and efficiency estimates for FT synfuel production from biomass feedstocks. Limiting factors for the heating value output are discussed, and a conceptual/experimental study is presented that addresses in situ H2O removal by a hydrophilic membrane, aiming at maximizing carbon efficiency.
Quantum reactive scattering calculations of cross sections and rate constants for the N(2D)+O2(X 3Σg−)→O(3P)+NO(X 2Π) reaction (2003)

Time-dependent quantum wave packet calculations have been performed on the two lowest adiabatic potential energy surfaces (2 2A′ and 1 2A″) for the N(2D)+O2(X 3Σg−)→O(3P)+NO(X 2Π) reaction. The calculations have been carried out, on these recently published potential energy surfaces, using the real wave packet method together with a new dispersion fitted finite difference technique for evaluating the action of the radial kinetic energy operator. Reaction probabilities, corresponding to the O2 reactant in its ground vibrational-rotational state, have been calculated for both surfaces and for many different values of the total angular momentum quantum number (J), within the helicity decoupling approximation. The reaction probabilities associated with all other relevant J values have been interpolated, and to a smaller extent extrapolated, using a capture model, to yield probabilities as a function of energy. The probabilities have in turn been summed to yield energy dependent cross sections and then used to compute rate constants. These rate constants are compared with ones obtained from quasiclassical trajectory (QCT) and variational transition state theory (VTST) calculations performed on the same surfaces. There is a good agreement between the wave packet and QCT cross sections for reaction on both potential energy surfaces considered, with the exception of the near threshold region, where the reaction probability is dominated by tunnelling. Comparison of the predicted rate constants shows that for the 2 2A′ surface, above 300 K, the wave packet, QCT and VTST results are quite similar. For the 1 2A″ surface, however, significant differences occur between the wave packet and the other methods. These differences become smaller with increasing temperature. It is likely that these differences arise, at least in part, from the fact that, when calculating the rate constants, the reactants are restricted to be in their lowest vibrational-rotational state in the wave packet calculations but are selected from a thermally equilibrated population in the other methods.
Extraction of Weak Geophysical Information in the Strong Disturbing Background (2015)

The research on geophysics is closely related to the solid observation data, but the observation data is interfered by underground medium, recording environment and some random factors. Such kind interference noise is sometime stronger than the real geophysical information in the near surface geophysics observations based on the records. For example, in the gravity data non-tidal variation contains zero drift which generated by recording instrument and other factors. Zero drift (noise) deduction is needed before identifying the relationship between variation of gravity and earthquake. Another example is the diurnal variation of the geomagnetic field, the noise can reach 10-20 γ from the geomagnetic observation, but the magnetic field change caused by earthquake is much smaller, to just a few γ. Therefore how to extract weak but real magnetic field variation data caused by the seismologic process from the background noise of strong interference (daily variation) is the first priority during the study on the relationship between magnetic field variation and seismogenic process. Certain progresses are made on recent study. In this paper, we explain some effective methods to eliminate many strong interference noise and obtain weak geophysical signal in the near surface geophysical observation recorded by the non-stationary and nonlinear signal processing theory.
INJURIES TO COYOTES CAUGHT IN PADDED AND UNPADDED STEEL FOOTHOLD TRAPS (1986)

Steel foothold traps are used throughout North America to harvest furbearers and control depredations in livestock-producing areas. Opposition to traps and legislation introduced to ban or restrict their use have increased in recent years. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) has been concerned about this trend because personnel from their Animal Damage Control program trapped 36.3% of the coyotes (Canis latrans) taken in 1980 (Connolly 1982); the trap continues to be a primary device for controlling coyotes that attack livestock. Foot injuries sustained by animals in traps have been a reason for opposition to trapping. In response to this and other concerns, the USFWS has investigated modified foothold traps intermittently since 1962 (Balser 1965), and more recently has reported techniques to reduce leg injury (Linhart et al. 1981) and increase selectivity (Turkowski et al. 1984). Studies to effectively pad the jaws of foothold traps were begun in 1980. Twenty-two field tests of unpadded and prototype padded traps were conducted, and leg injury was grossly determined (Linhart et al. 1981). We conducted detailed analyses to determine if padded traps reduce the extent of injury to coyotes and kit foxes (Vulpes macrotis) in comparison with unpadded traps. METHODS
Flowfield characteristics in a liquid propellant rocket (1993)

Measurements of LOX drop size and velocity in a uni-element liquid propellant rocket chamber are presented. The use of the Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer in obtaining temporally averaged probability density functions of drop size in a harsh rocket environment has been demonstrated. Complementary measurements of drop size/velocity for simulants under cold flow conditions are also presented. The drop size/velocity measurements made for combusting and cold flow conditions are compared, and the results indicate that there are significant differences in the two flowfields.
A Novel Compact Ultra-wideband Rectangular Shaped Antenna (2011)

International audience
UV and visible emission processes in a moly-oxide discharge (2003)

Summary form only given, as follows. Due to the hazardous material designation of spent fluorescent lamps on board naval vessels, the Naval Research Laboratory has been investigating alternative lighting concepts which are free of mercury. A moly-oxide discharge driven by an inductively coupled RF coil at 13 MHz emits a broad spectrum in the visible range with strong line emission from the quintet spin levels of the Mo atom near the peak of the photopic curve. One limitation of such a discharge for direct white light applications is the near UV emission from the Mo septet resonance lines between 300 and 400 nm. Analysis of the excitation processes and channels for both the visible and UV emission will be presented based on a Boltzmann model for the electron energy distribution function and detailed atomic physics calculations for the cross sections. The results indicate that a Mo partial pressure of -10 mTorr or more will render the resonance lines optically thick and concurrently increase the visible emission. Calibrated spectroscopic measurements throughout the UV and visible region will be reported as a function of power and pressure and compared, through actinometry, with the theoretical simulations.
On the Synthesis of Cysteine Peptides (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOn the Synthesis of Cysteine PeptidesMordechai. Sokolovsky, Meir. Wilchek, and Abraham. PatchornikCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1964, 86, 6, 1202–1206Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1964https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01060a048Request reuse permissionsArticle Views367Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (711 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Hydrosilanes with Transition‐Metal Complexes: Formation of Stable Transition‐Metal Silyl Compounds (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Independent and reproducible hippocampal radiomic biomarkers for multisite Alzheimer’s disease: diagnosis, longitudinal progress and biological basis (2019)

Abstract Background: Hippocampal morphological change is one of the main hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The primary aim of this study is to explore whether radiomics feature is a robust biomarker for AD and further explore the biological basis of those features.Methods: Hippocampal radiomic features were extracted for classification and prediction using a support vector machine (SVM) with 1943 subjects (multi-site).Results: Multivariate classifier-based SVM analysis provided individual-level predictions for distinguishing AD patients (N=261) from normal controls (NCs; N=231) with accuracy=88.21% with inter-site cross-validation. Further analyses of a large, independent ADNI dataset (N=1228) reinforced these findings. In mild cognitive impairment (MCI) groups, a systemic analysis demonstrated that the identified features were significantly associated with clinical features (e.g., apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype, polygenic risk scores, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ, CSF Tau), and longitudinal changes in cognition ability; more importantly, the radiomic features have a consistently altered pattern with changes in the MMSE scores over 5 years of follow-up.Conclusion: These comprehensive results suggest that hippocampal radiomic features can serve as robust biomarkers for clinical applications in AD/MCI.
Shigella flexneri infection is dependent on villin in the mouse intestine and in primary cultures of intestinal epithelial cells (2005)

Villin is an actin-binding protein present in intestinal and kidney brush borders. Villin has been shown to present in vitro Ca(2+)-dependent bundling and severing F-actin properties. The study of villin knock-out mice allowed us to show that while bundling of F-actin microfilaments is unaffected, this protein is important for the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton elicited by various signals during both physiological and pathological conditions. Here, we studied the role of villin during infection by Shigella flexneri, the causative agent of bacillary dysentery. This bacterium induces the reorganization of the host actin cytoskeleton to penetrate into epithelial cells and spread from cell to cell. In vivo, we show that unlike newborn vil+/+ mice, which are sensitive to Shigella invasion, resulting in a destructive inflammatory response of the intestinal mucosa following intragastric inoculation, newborn vil-/- mice appear fully resistant to infection. Using primary cultures of intestinal epithelial cells derived from vil+/+ or vil -/- mice, we demonstrate that villin plays an essential role in S. flexneri entry and cell-to-cell dissemination. Villin expression is thus critical for Shigella infection through its ability to remodel the actin cytoskeleton.
The recovery of polymer melts after shear and elongational flows (1994)

This work examines the constrained recoil after steady shear flow and the free recovery after steady elongational flow of monodisperse polymer melts. Calculations are performed in the framework of the Curtiss–Bird theory using both conventional numerical integrations and nonequilibrium Brownian dynamics. The latter approach is shown to have significant advantages, particularly at high shear or elongational rates. The predicted curves of recovery as a function of shear rate exhibit an unusual maximum for which several explanations are proposed.
ORIGIN OF CRICKET ---- IN INDIA (2015)

Introduction The origin of cricket is unknown as there are many beliefs regarding the etymology of the word. Some people believe it to be originated from a French word 'Crequet 1 ', meaning a Club while others think it to be derived from an English word 'Crycc'. , which means “stick,” and, in its rude form, resembled the 13th century game known as club-ball. Cricket evolved in England in the 18th century, mainly because of the interest of great landowners who tried their skills on a field of play with their tenants and the local peasantry. Records show that teams from Kent and London played with each other in 1719, and that Kent and Sussex met in 1728.
Human Antigen and Enzyme Markers in Man-Chinese Hamster Somatic Cell Hybrids: Evidence for Synteny Between the <i>HL-A, PGM</i> <sub>3</sub> , <i>ME</i> <sub>1</sub> , and <i>IPO-B</i> Loci (1974)

In man-Chinese hamster somatic cell hybrids the segregation of the loci for 27 human enzyme markers and the species-specific surface antigens, including the HL-A histocompatibility antigens, was studied. The results show a synteny of the human loci for phosphoglucomutase 3, cytoplasmic malic enzyme, tetrameric indophenol oxidase, and HL-A. Furthermore, evidence is presented that the loci for the human species-specific antigens are distributed over several chromosomes.
An inconvenient epidemic (2012)

The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery 72(4):p 1117-1118, April 2012. | DOI: 10.1097/TA.0b013e31824237e7
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Structure of Some Peri‐Substituted 2,4,6,8‐Tetraazabicyclo(3.3.0)octanes. (1987)

Abstract Coupling of the imidazolidine (Ib), derived from (Ia) by acetylation, with methylenebisacetamide (II) gives the bicyclic compound (III).