gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chapter 13 Structure—Function Analysis of Cytoskeletal/Contractile Proteins in Avian Myotubes (1997)

This chapter focuses on cell culture approach that would allow in vitro structural and functional evaluation of mutations in cytoskeletal and contractile proteins of muscle. The basic idea is to create a preparation that is similar to the permeabilized skeletal muscle fiber, which has been a mainstay of muscle physiologists for more than four decades. Although this preludes the assessment of cytoskeletal-membrane-extracellularm atrix interactions, it is a preparation that is well suited to structure/function analyses of contractile and intermediate filament proteins. This approach has been applied to the analysis of desmin and troponin T, each of which illustrates a different paradigm. To date, primary muscle cell cultures have been used because of their superior sarcomeric structural development in culture, when compared to muscle cell lines. However, the same approach is easily adapted to cell lines. Rather than growing cells on collagen, the cells are plated onto dishes that have been initially treated with collagen and then coated with a 1.0 mm thick layer of Matrigel.
Hollow Sphere Selenium Nanoparticles: Their In-Vitro Anti Hydroxyl Radical Effect (2002)

Hollow sphere selenium nanoparticles have been produced by an in-situ template-interface reaction. The intriguing anti-hydroxyl radical property of the particles is demonstrated and the important role the surface area plays in this behavior is discussed. The Figure shows the scheme for preparing the nanoparticles.
Sponsors of Policy: A Network Analysis of Wealthy Elites, Their Affiliated Philanthropies, and Charter School Reform in Washington State (2014)

Background/Context Charter school policy has evolved into a major component of the current education reform movement in the United States. As of 2012, all but nine U.S. states allowed charter schools, and in one of those nine, Washington State, charter school legislation was passed by popular vote in November 2012. There is a substantial, if contested, research base focusing on charter school effectiveness, particularly related to test score achievement, as well as an equally contested literature base on charter school enrollment selectivity, student expulsions, and increased segregation in charter school populations. Purpose The purpose of this study is to analyze the network of relations of policy actors surrounding the statewide campaign to pass the charter school Initiative 1240 in Washington State in order to better understand how wealthy individuals and their associated philanthropic organizations influence educational policy. Research Design Making use of available tax records, public election information, individual and organizational websites, and institutional and foundation databases, this study uses simple directed graphing techniques from social network analysis to analyze the complex relationships and affiliations of policy actors relative to the campaign to pass charter school Initiative 1240 in the state of Washington. Conclusions/Recommendations This study concludes that, compared to the average voter in Washington, an elite group of wealthy individuals, either directly through individual donations or indirectly through their affiliated philanthropic organizations, wielded disproportionate influence over the outcome of the charter school initiative in the state, thereby raising serious concerns about the democratic underpinnings of an education policy that impacts all of the children in Washington State. This study also concludes that elite individuals make use of local nonprofit organizations as a mechanism to advance their education policy agenda by funding those nonprofits through the philanthropic organizations affiliated with those same wealthy elites. In light of these conclusions, the authors recommend that a mechanism for more democratic accountability be developed relative to education policy campaigns, initiatives, and legislation.
TSV protection: Towards secure 3D-MPSoC (2015)

Through-Silicon-Vias (TSVs) are the key enabling technology for high performance of three-dimension Multi-processor System-on-Chip (3D-MPSoC). Physical weaknesses of TSVs can be exploited by malicious software to attack the system. By means of the manipulation of the TSV communication an attacker is able to modify, spy and even denial the TSV communication. Extending just 2D security mechanisms to 3D-MPSoC without taking into account the 3D aspects will not protect the system. In this paper we propose 3D-SECTSV, a flexible and efficient security architecture based on a 3D-NoC communication structure able to protect the TSV data exchange of 3D-MPSoCs. We compare our approach with several 3D-protection proposals, including the simple extension of 2D security countermeasures. We show that our solution outperforms other approaches with respect to attack detection while decreasing cost and performance impact on the system.
A Novel Full Phase-Coherent Frequency Synthesis Method for SFWF Radar Application (2011)

A novel method of full phase-coherent synthesis is proposed in this paper, which uses the frequency-converting technology and the phase-locked loop to fulfill the transmission and tracking of the frequency and phase between the main loop and secondary loops. This method, which differs from the traditional converting-filtering scheme, can solve the tradeoff between the frequency difference and the bandwidth of the full phase-coherent outputs, and it can have a high isolation between the outputs. A Ka-band full phase-coherent frequency synthesizer is implemented based on the idea. The measured results show that this novel full phase-coherent frequency synthesis method proposed in this paper is correct. The frequency synthesizer has full phase-coherent characteristics along with a very low phase noise, fast hopping time, high spurious rejection, and very high isolation between the main output and the secondary output.
High performance missile testing (next generation test systems) (2004)

Complex missile technology and capability can require time consuming testing. Extensive cool down time is required between tests when the missile's maximum power-on time is exceeded. Throughput can become unacceptable when long periods of cool down are required. There are various techniques to speed up the testing process to achieve acceptable throughput levels. With lean budgets for developing new test systems, the Navy needs to find better ways to get the most "bang-for-the-buck". The concepts of this paper apply to most automatic test equipment (ATE).
Acetaminophen selectively suppresses peripheral prostaglandin E2 release and increases COX-2 gene expression in a clinical model of acute inflammation (2006)

Acetaminophen is widely used for pain management as an alternative to NSAIDs and selective COX-2 inhibitors, but its action at a molecular level is still unclear. We evaluated acetaminophen's effect on PG release and the expression patterns of genes related to PG production in a clinical model of tissue injury and acute inflammation. Subjects (119 outpatients) received either 1000 mg acetaminophen, 50 mg rofecoxib (a selective COX-2 inhibitor), 30 mg ketorolac (a dual COX-1/COX-2 inhibitor), or placebo before the surgical removal of two impacted mandibular third molars. Microdialysis was used to collect inflammatory transudate from the surgical site for measurement of PGE2 and TXB2 levels at the site of injury. Biopsies were collected to investigate the expression patterns of genes related to PG production at baseline prior to surgery and at 3 or 24 h following surgery. PGE2 release was suppressed by ketorolac, rofecoxib and acetaminophen compared to placebo at 3 h coincident with increased COX-2 gene expression in biopsies collected from the surgical site. TXB2 release was suppressed only by ketorolac. COX-2 gene expression remained elevated at 24 h with continued ketorolac and acetaminophen treatment. COX-1 gene expression was significantly down-regulated at 24 h by ketorolac, rofecoxib and acetaminophen. Acetaminophen suppression of PGE2 without inhibiting TXB2 release, when COX-2 gene expression is up-regulated, suggests that acetaminophen is a selective COX-2 inhibitor in vivo. The up-regulation of COX-2 gene and down-regulation of COX-1 gene expression suggests that acetaminophen may result in changes in COX-derived prostanoids with repeated doses.
Cryptographic error correction (2006)

It has been said that “cryptography is about concealing information, and coding theory is about revealing it. ” Despite these apparently conflicting goals, the two fields have common origins and many interesting relationships. In this thesis, we establish new connections between cryptography and coding theory in two ways: first, by applying cryptographic tools to solve classical problems from the theory of error correction; and second, by studying special kinds of codes that are motivated by cryptographic applications. In the first part of this thesis, we consider a model of error correction in which the source of errors is adversarial, but limited to feasible computation. In this model, we construct appealingly simple, general, and efficient cryptographic coding schemes which can recover from much larger error rates than schemes for classical models of adversarial noise. In the second part, we study collusion-secure fingerprinting codes, which are of fundamental importance in cryptographic applications like data watermarking and traitor
Reaction of "activated" esters with amidoximes. Convenient synthesis of 1,2,4-oxadiazoles (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReaction of "activated" esters with amidoximes. Convenient synthesis of 1,2,4-oxadiazolesJohn A. Durden Jr. and D. L. HeywoodCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1971, 36, 9, 1306–1307Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00808a034https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00808a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views583Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ActiveCampus: experiments in community-oriented ubiquitous computing (2004)

The continuing proliferation of handheld computing devices offers a new platform for mobile computing applications that could enrich our experience of the world around us. Yet many questions about realizing this vision remain open. We have been investigating these questions at the University of California, San Diego, through the ActiveCampus Project. ActiveCampus explores technologies that can enrich the learning community in the midst of these changes. It explores wireless context-aware computing as a means to enhance the "learning community" experience of a large urban university. We have tested two applications: ActiveClass supports classroom activities, such as asking questions during a lecture, and ActiveCampus Explorer supports context-aware activities, such as instant messaging and location-aware maps annotated with dynamic hyperlinked information.
DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION OF LOW RCS PATCH ANTENNAS BASED ON A GENETIC ALGORITHM (2011)

In this article, a genetic algorithm (GA) is employed to the design of low radar cross section (RCS) patch antennas. Combined with the high frequency simulation software (HFSS) for antenna simulations, the GA performs the optimization of geometric parameters.
Natural history and clinical predictors of clinical progression in benign prostatic hyperplasia (2004)

With further understanding of the natural history and the predictors of progression of BPH, management can be better tailored according to risk stratification and the results of clinical trials of effectiveness can be better interpreted.
Phase transformations in nearly stoichiometric NbNx (1976)

Processes of the phase transformation in nearly stoichiometric niobium nitride, from cubic δ-NbN to hexagonal ε-NbN, are studied by selected-area electron diffraction, by using NbNx films of the transition state prepared by annealing δ-NbNx films at about 1000 °C in an atmosphere of H2 gas. The diffraction patterns taken from the annealed NbNx films suggest that the phase transformations (vacancy-poor-) δ-NbNx (cub.) → (N-vacancy-) ordered δ-NbN (tet.) → ordered ζ-NbN (hex.) → ordered γ′-NbN (mon.) → δ′-NbN (hex.) → ε-NbN (hex.) occur. Ordered δ-NbN, ordered ζ-NbN, ordered γ′-NbN, and δ′-NbN are transient phases which occur during the transformation δ-NbNx → ε-NbN, and the superlattice structures of the three ordered phases are described by the ordering of N vacancies with random Nb vacancies in their fundamental lattices. Mechanisms of the transformations from δ-NbNx to ε-NbN at about 1000 °C are discussed on the basis of the transient phases observed during the phase transformations.
Formulation of Seismic Passive Resistance of Non-Vertical Retaining Wall Backfilled (2012)

The seismic passive earth pressure is really the most important parameter in some special cases like key analysis, anchor analysis, foundation analysis etc. The simultaneous action of weight, surcharge, cohesion and adhesion is also taken into consideration. A visual presentation is made by plotting graphs with the wide range of variation Parameters like angle of internal friction, angle of wall friction, wall inclination angle, cohesion ( c ), adhesion ( c a ), seismic accelerations ( k h , k v ), surcharge loading ( q ), unit weight, height ( H ) to provide the variation of seismic passive earth pressure coefficient. Keywords: Pseudo-static, seismic passive resistance, single wedge, rigid retaining wall, wall inclination.
The Centrosomal Kinase Nek2 Displays Elevated Levels of Protein Expression in Human Breast Cancer (2004)

Aneuploidy and chromosome instability are common abnormalities in human cancer. Loss of control over mitotic progression, multipolar spindle formation, and cytokinesis defects are all likely to contribute to these phenotypes. Nek2 is a cell cycle-regulated protein kinase with maximal activity at the onset of mitosis that localizes to the centrosome. Functional studies have implicated Nek2 in regulation of centrosome separation and spindle formation. Here, we present the first study of the protein expression levels of the Nek2 kinase in human cancer cell lines and primary tumors. Nek2 protein is elevated 2- to 5-fold in cell lines derived from a range of human tumors including those of cervical, ovarian, breast, prostate, and leukemic origin. Most importantly, by immunohistochemistry, we find that Nek2 protein is significantly up-regulated in preinvasive in situ ductal carcinomas of the breast as well as in invasive breast carcinomas. Finally, by ectopic expression of Nek2A in immortalized HBL100 breast epithelial cells, we show that increased Nek2 protein leads to accumulation of multinucleated cells with supernumerary centrosomes. These data highlight the Nek2 kinase as novel potential target for chemotherapeutic intervention in breast cancer.
Towards A Laser Diode Pumped Nd:LiNbO 3 Waveguide Laser (1989)

Laser properties of Nd:LiNb03 were investigated and low loss proton exchange planar optical waveguides were fabricated in this material. Nd3+ spectroscopic properties were found to be unchanged indicating that the realization of a diode pumped Nd:LiNb03 waveguide laser should be possible.
Fibrosarcoma of the Kidney:A Case Report and Literature Review (2000)

Primary renal sarcomas of the kidney in adults are unusual, accounting for approximately 1% to 3% of all primary renal malignancies. Pathologically, leiomyosarcomas are the most frequent tumors of primary renal sarcomas, and fibrosarcomas of the kidney are rare. We report on a 46-yr-old male admitted to our hospital due to right side renal tumor. He received radical nephrectomy, and the histopathological report revealed primary fibrosarcoma of the right kidney. He received adjuvant radiotherapy with 5000 cGy due to invasion of the retroperitoneal muscle. Multiple organs metastases of lung, liver and bone developed 2 mo after nephrectomy. He died of the disease 6 mo after surgery. Prognoses of fibrosarcomas. Chemotherapy or radiotherapy is not helpful for survival. Herein, we present this case and review the literature.
Phase Shifting of Harmonics in AC Circuits of Rectifiers (1968)

The origin and transformation of harmonics in rectifier circuits is traced in order to remove the confusion and traps that develop. Phase shift between the primary supply and secondary voltages does not in itself change the harmonic content of the primary supply current. However, each harmonic current is shifted by a different angle, and every other one is shifted in the reverse direction. As a result, the waveshape of the composite current is altered, but the rms value is not changed. By proper choice of the phase-shift angle between two or more rectifiers, selected harmonics can be displaced and cancelled in the total supply current. The rms value will be altered, but the resulting reduction is generally small and unimportant.
Influence of Time of Day on Captures of Two Species of Peromyscus in a New England Deciduous Forest (1987)

Journal Article Influence of Time of Day on Captures of Two Species of Peromyscus in a New England Deciduous Forest Get access Lee C. Drickamer Lee C. Drickamer Biology Department, Williams College, Williamstown, MA 01267 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Mammalogy, Volume 68, Issue 3, 28 August 1987, Pages 702–703, https://doi.org/10.2307/1381611 Published: 28 August 1987 Article history Received: 18 November 1985 Accepted: 17 July 1986 Published: 28 August 1987
Biotransformations Catalyzed by the Genus<i>Rhodococcus</i> (1994)

Rhodococci display a diverse range of metabolic capabilities and they are a ubiquitous feature of many environments. They are able to degrade short-chain, long-chain, and halogenated hydrocarbons, and numerous aromatic compounds, including halogenated and other substituted aromatics, heteroaromatics, hydroaromatics, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. They possess a wide variety of pathways for degrading and modifying aromatic compounds, including dioxygenase and monooxygenase ring attack, and cleavage of catechol by both ortho- and meta-routes, and some strains possess a modified 3-oxoadipate pathway. Biotransformations catalyzed by rhodococci include steroid modification, enantioselective synthesis, and the transformation of nitriles to amides and acids. Tolerance of rhodococci to starvation, their frequent lack of catabolite repression, and their environmental persistence make them excellent candidates for bioremediation treatments. Some strains can produce poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate)s, others can accumulate cesium, and still others are the source of useful enzymes such as phenylalanine dehydrogenase and endoglycosidases. Other actual or potential applications of rhodococci include desulfurization of coal, bioleaching, use of their surfactants in enhancement of oil recovery and as industrial dispersants, and the construction of biosensors.
Influence of the Post-Injection Pattern on Performance, Soot and NOx Emissions in a HD Diesel Engine (2002)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The main objective of the study described in this paper is to explore the potential of different post-injection patterns, with a plain common rail system, for reduction of soot emissions in HD diesel engines.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Test have been carried out in a single-cylinder engine at several critical engine operation points from the European Steady state test Cycle (ESC). At these operation points, EGR was introduced to reduce NOx emissions to a given value, and then different post-injection patterns were produced. A parametric study was performed, considering the time between injections and the post-injected fuel mass as the main variables. In every case the total injected fuel mass was kept constant.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Aside from the experimental data obtained in the engine tests, a diagnosis model was applied to calculate heat release laws and other parameters depicting the combustion process.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The results obtained allowed to discern the effects produced by the different post-injection patterns and to assess their potential for Soot emissions reduction, keeping NOx emissions and fuel consumption at the original values.</div>
Synthesis and Evaluation as Prodrugs of Hydrophilic Carbamate Ester Analogues of Resveratrol (2015)

Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) is an unfulfilled promise for health care: its exploitation is hindered by rapid conjugative metabolism in enterocytes and hepatocytes; low water solubility is a serious practical problem. To advantageously modify the physicochemical properties of the compound we have developed prodrugs in which all or part of the hydroxyl groups are linked via an N-monosubstituted carbamate ester bond to promoieties derived from glycerol or galactose, conferring higher water solubility. Kinetic studies of hydrolysis in aqueous solutions and in blood indicated that regeneration of resveratrol takes place in an appropriate time frame for delivery via oral administration. Despite their hydrophilicity some of the synthesized compounds were absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract of rats. In these cases the species found in blood after administration of a bolus consisted mainly of partially deprotected resveratrol derivatives and of the products of their glucuronidation, thus providing proof-of-principle evidence of behavior as prodrugs. The soluble compounds largely reached the lower intestinal tract. Upon administration of resveratrol, the major species found in this region was dihydroresveratrol, produced by enzymes of the intestinal flora. In experiments with a fully protected (trisubstituted) deoxygalactose containing prodrug, the major species were the prodrug itself and partially deprotected derivatives, along with small amounts of dihydroresveratrol. We conclude that the N-monosubstituted carbamate moiety is suitable for use in prodrugs of polyphenols.