gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Variación y proporción de varianza de (ROA) regiones océano atmosféricas y (AH) áreas húmedas en años enos con o sin ocurrencia de ratadas, el caso del (BSFS) bajo San Francisco Sergipano, (NEB) nordeste de Brasil (2013)

En los arrozales de las (AH) areas humedas, (BSFS) Bajo San Francisco Sergipano, en la region (NEB) Nordeste de Brasil, desde 1978 se evidencia un �outbreak� de ratas. El fenomeno coincide con anos de �El Nino� y sequias en el NEB (Santos, 2000). La variabilidad climatica del NEB, esta modulada por padrones de (ROA) Regiones Oceano-Atmosfericos (Moura and Shukla, 1981; Folland, et al., 2001; Moura, et al. 2009). Segun (Lima et al., 1999; Jaksic y Lima, 2003), las �ratadas� del semiarido en varias partes de Sudamerica se identifican con el �El Nino�. Este estudio investiga la presencia de correlaciones lineales significativas y la proporcion de varianza, r2, entre (ATSM) anomalias de la Temperatura de la superficie marina, y (TSM) Temperatura de la Superficie Marina del Oceano Pacifico Tropical Central: (IOS) Indice de Oscilacion Sur; tipicas regiones �El Nino�: N1+2, N3, Nino 34, Nino 4; categorias oceanicas: (NAO) Atlantico Norte, (SAO) Sur y Tropical segun NOAA (2013, 2013) (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration); y las medias mensuales maximas y minimas de temperatura 0o C, y acumulados de precipitaciones mensuales, mm, en anos de ocurrencia del evento (ENOS) �El Nino� Oscilacion Sur, con y sin registros de plaga, en las AH/BSFS. El estudio cubre un periodo entre (1964-2010), en una serie no secuenciada de 18 anos, anterior y posterior a los cambios ambientales. Se estimaron coeficientes de correlacion de Pearson, r, cuyo valor de probabilidad p para correlacion lineal significativa es p=0,05 y p=0,01. Los resultados identifican correlaciones lineales significativas entre ROA y AH en anos ENOS, con y sin registros de �ratadas�. Para la proporcion de r2, las ROA influyen fuertemente en las AH. Las regiones N1+2, N34, Atlantico Sur, presentaron el mayor numero y mejores correlaciones con las AH.
Optimal local spline approximation of planar shape (1991)

The problem of how to model a given planar curve by local splines defined by a number of knot points which is much smaller than the number of points defining the curve is addressed. To solve the problem an optimization technique is applied that minimizes an error norm, which reflects the discrepancy of the splines to the original curve. The error norm is defined as the total squared distance of the sample points from the local spline model. The objective function for the optimization process is the above error norm plus a term which ensures convergence to the correct solution. The objective function is minimized with respect to a set of independent variables, which are the locations of the knot points defining the local spline model. The initial locations of the knot points are selected heuristically. Experimental results show that the method converges to a solution that compares favorably with previous techniques.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Use of<i>Bordetella bronchiseptica</i>and<i>Bordetella pertussis</i>as live vaccines and vectors for heterologous antigens (2003)

Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella bronchiseptica are respiratory pathogens of humans and animals respectively. Unlike many bacteria, they are able to efficiently colonise healthy ciliated respiratory mucosa. This characteristic of Bordetella spp. can potentially be exploited to develop efficient live vaccines and vectors for delivery of heterologous antigens to the respiratory tract. Here we review the progress in this area.
Epithelium formation in the <i>Drosophila</i> midgut depends on the interaction of endoderm and mesoderm (1994)

The reorganization of mesenchymal cells into an epithelial sheet is a widely used morphogenetic process in metazoans. An example of such a process is the formation of the Drosophila larval midgut epithelium that develops through a mesenchymal-epithelial transition from endodermal midgut precursors. We have studied this process in wild type and a number of mutants that show defects in midgut epithelium formation. Our results indicate that the visceral mesoderm serves as a basal substratum to which endodermal cells have to establish direct contact in order to form an epithelium. Furthermore, we have analyzed the midgut phenotype of embryos mutant for the gene shotgun, and the results suggest that shotgun directs adhesion between midgut epithelial cells, which is independent from the adhesion between endoderm and visceral mesoderm.
Dementia in Adults With Down Syndrome: Diagnostic Challenges (1998)

Although dementia associated with Down syndrome is often presumed to be progressive and irreversible, variations in disease course have been described. In addition, prevalence rates have varied widely among studies. This interim report is a description of the status of 70 adults with Down syndrome who are being followed for signs of dementia. Of the 70, 12 met all criteria for dementia, 40 met subsets of criteria, and 18 met no criteria. Information is provided on instruments used, rationale for choice and revision of instruments as well as criteria used to identify dementia and changes in the status of the participants. The results suggest that extreme care is needed when diagnosing dementia in adults with Down syndrome, for both clinical and research purposes.
Automatic power supply system to underwater vehicles utilizing non-contacting technology (2005)

As a method of sending electric power to underwater vehicles, the contactless power supply system (CLPS) utilizing the cone-type coil is proposed. This system has efficient nature and high power transmission capability, even when the fluctuation in the sea exists. Furthermore, the electromagnetic force generated during power transmission will be useful for maintaining the location of an underwater vehicle stably. If this system is applied to the vehicle, the restriction of a sphere of activity and time in inquiry is go out. So it is possible to reduce in costs. The electric power of 500 W can be transmitted at about 96% of efficiency when the diameter of the coil is 48 mm. And it is calculated for the system to transmit about 2 kW in the same size. Furthermore, it is possible to transmit more electric power by expanding the size of coil
Contra Davidson on Counterfeiting, Round Two (2013)

Libertarians and non libertarians alike agree that counterfeiting legitimate money owned by innocent people is illicit. But what about counterfeiting counterfeit money owned by the guiltless? Davidson and I, both libertarians, take the position that this would be a rights violation; that this would violate the rights of innocent owners of currency, who would be victimized by such fraudulent behavior of counterfeiters, even those who limit themselves to counterfeiting counterfeit funds. But what about counterfeiting counterfeit money owned by those who are guilty of crimes? Davidson (2013) opines, in effect, that there are no such people. The counterfeiter of counterfeit money is thus himself a criminal, she avers. I argue, very much to the contrary, that the relevant population consists mostly of guilty people, and thus they are not in a logical position to object to what would otherwise be considered victimization. As for the few innocents among them, they demonstrate their innocence to a large degree by not objecting to the counterfeiting of counterfeit money. If they do object, and take actions to prevent this practice, they act in a manner incompatible with the libertarian non aggression principle (NAP) and thus enter the ranks of the guilty. I find Davidson’s (2013) economic analysis impeccable; her understanding of libertarianism highly problematic.<br /><br />In the interests of full disclosure, I should make it clear that the present paper contains the radical suggestion that we should do away with our established monetary- and financial system. If need be, and this is by no means my first choice, we are entitled to do so by means of massive counterfeiting of established currencies (which is justified by deontological considerations and libertarian principles). Of course, this is illegal in extant nations, and I would not want to be imprisoned for committing a crime. So, for purposes of our discussion, we will be considering only the imaginary country of Ruritania.
529. Indolizines. Part III (1965)

J. Hurst, T. Melton and D. G. Wibberley, J. Chem. Soc., 1965, 2948 DOI: 10.1039/JR9650002948
Priority Assessment of Investment in Development of Nanotechnology in Upstream Petroleum Industry (2009)

Abstract Nanotechnology is an emerging technology with the potential to effect revolutionary changes in several aspects of the oil and gas industry. While the advantages of nanotechnology in several small-scale downstream sections of the industry is well established, policy makers in the upstream section often tend to adopt a more conservative approach towards the emerging technologies. This is chiefly rooted in the comparatively extensive investments needed to impose any fundamental technology changes in this section, and the high level of economical risk involved. However, since the impacts of any widespread technological revolution will be inevitably felt in every large-scale industry, adopting an astute strategy in regard to the incoming tides is of utmost importance. Such a strategy must determine the areas most prepared to accept technological changes so that the emerging technology will be accepted in a premeditated manner, minimizing the associated risks. Regarding these considerations, in the present study, an extensive literature survey was conducted, with the aim of discerning those sections of the upstream oil and gas industry, where nanotechnology is potentially advantageous in providing technically and economically viable alternatives for present materials and technologies. This survey led to creation of a Technology Tree, which demonstrates these fields with the associated organic connections among them. In the next step, a priority assessment was carried out to determine those areas of upstream industry most suitable for investment. For this aim, comprehensive questionnaires were prepared and distributed among a number of experts in nanotechnology and energy policy making. The pool of experts were carefully handpicked, so that the selected individuals would have considerable experience and expertise in fields such as nanotechnology, upstream oil industry, technology management and policy making. The gathered feedback was then analyzed according to the AHP model, using software specifically engineered by the authors to include all the necessary criteria. At the end, a select-few of fields were found to have the highest priority for investment. Among these were Chemical EOR, i.e. application of polymeric nanocomposites specifically hydrogel nanocomposites for enhanced and improved oil recovery and taking advantage of nanostructured materials in producing high-efficiency water-based drilling fluids.
Feature Extraction and Recognition for Human Action Recognition (2014)

How to automatically label videos containing human motions is the task of human action recognition. Traditional human action recognition algorithms use the RGB videos as input, and it is a challenging task because of the large intra-class variations of actions, cluttered background, possible camera movement, and illumination variations. Recently, the introduction of cost-effective depth cameras provides a new possibility to address difficult issues. However, it also brings new challenges such as noisy depth maps and time alignment. In this dissertation, effective and computationally efficient feature extraction and recognition algorithms are proposed for human action recognition. At the feature extraction step, two novel spatial-temporal feature descriptors are proposed which can be combined with local feature detectors. The first proposed descriptor is the Shape and Motion Local Ternary Pattern (SMltp) descriptor which can dramatically reduced the number of features generated by dense sampling without sacrificing the accuracy. In addition, the Center-Symmetric Motion Local Ternary Pattern (CS-Mltp) descriptor is proposed, which describes the spatial and temporal gradients-like features. Both descriptors (SMltp and CS-Mltp) take advantage of the Local Binary Pattern (LBP) texture operator in terms of tolerance to illumination change, robustness in homogeneous region and computational efficiency. For better feature representation, this dissertation presents a new Dictionary Learning (DL) method to learn an overcomplete set of representative vectors (atoms) so that any input feature can be approximated by a linear combination of these
Endothelial progenitor cells in patients with essential hypertension (2006)

The present study shows that essential hypertension is not characterized by the altered number or functional activity of EPC. Plasma total and LDL-cholesterol are independent predictors of reduced numbers of circulating EPC in essential hypertension patients. The absence of any correlation between the characteristics of EPC and several markers predictive of cardiovascular damage merits further investigation.
Iridium Complexes of Bulky CCC-Pincer N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands: Steric Control of Coordination Number and Catalytic Alkene Isomerization (2012)

Three new iridium complexes of meta-phenylene-bridged bis-N-heterocyclic carbene CCC-pincer ligands were synthesized and characterized. For a pincer ligand with 2,6-diisopropylphenyl N-substituents, a six-coordinate iridium(III) complex of the formula Ir(CCC)HCl(MeCN) was formed. In contrast, ligands with t-butyl or adamantyl N-substituents gave five-coordinate iridium(III) complexes of the formula Ir(CCC)HCl. These iridium complexes, along with two previously described iridium complexes, were tested for activity in the catalytic transfer-dehydrogenation of n-octane at 150 °C. The new complexes were inactive for this reaction, while two previously reported catalysts were modestly active: a mesityl-substituted derivative gave 12 turnovers, and a 3,5-di-t-butylphenyl-substituted variant gave 10 turnovers. In contrast, these complexes were shown to be highly active catalysts for the isomerization of terminal alkenes, under conditions much milder than those required for transfer-dehydrogenation.
<i>In vitro</i> accuracy of a novel registration and targeting technique for image‐guided template production (2005)

Comparing the presented registration technique to existing registration methods in IGTP and burr tracking, no radiographic and registration templates are needed. The procedure is easy and requires only minimal effort. Navigation-controlled drillings could be performed with an accuracy that approaches the intrinsic navigation system's accuracy, a fact that warrants its use for surgical template production. Further accuracy studies of template-guided drillings are necessary before the presented registration technique can be implemented for patient treatment.
Obesity: diagnosis, prevention, and treatment; evidence based answers to common questions (2002)

Paediatric obesity is now common in the UK, as in other developed countries. A literature search was conducted and evidence based answers to five frequently answered questions sought. Recommendations for diagnosis are given. Although there is no conclusive evidence that the condition is preventable, a number of treatment approaches are promising.
Functionally Induced Priors for the Analysis of Experiments (2007)

AbstractThis work develops the idea of using functional priors for the design and analysis of three-level and higher-level experiments. Developing a prior distribution for model parameters is challenging, because a factor can be qualitative or quantitative. We propose appropriate correlation functions and coding schemes so that the prior distribution is simple and the results are interpretable. The prior incorporates well-known principles, such as effect hierarchy and effect heredity, which helps resolve the aliasing problems in fractional designs almost automatically. The usefulness of the new approach is illustrated through the analysis of some real experiments.KEY WORDS : Bayesian analysisExperimental designGaussian processHelmert coding
Orthorhombic martensite and the ω phase in quenched and deformed titanium alloys with 20–24 at % Nb (2007)

X-ray diffraction is used to study phase transformations in quenched and cold-worked titanium alloys with 20–24 at % Nb in a temperature range of 80–373 K and to determine the volume fraction of the orthorhombic martensite and its lattice parameters. As the temperature decreases, the martensite lattice parameter b is found to increase reversibly. This increase leads to a change in the ratio of the orthorhombic lattice parameters, and this change agrees with the tendency of bcc → hcp transition that proceeds as the temperature decreases. In the same temperature range, the fine structure of the retained bcc phase changes reversibly, and these changes are related to the formation of the athermal ω phase during cooling.
Cost and Accuracy Aware Scientific Workflow Composition for Service-Oriented Environments (2012)

Large-scale scientific data analysis projects have catalyzed service-based workflow management systems. We present an approach for integrating user preferences on completion time and workflow accuracy in a workflow composition system. The relationship between workflow execution time and the accuracy of results is exploited by our workflow system. Specifically, our system is equipped with a way for users to define cost models on service completion time and error propagation (prevalent in many scientific and data analysis applications). Together with these models and an ontology for describing web service and data dependences, our system plans service-based workflows to answer high-level queries. Our system was evaluated under a real service-based environment against user constraints on time, accuracy, and network bandwidth variations. In the worst case in our experiments, we observed an average deviation of 14.3 percent below the desired time constraints, which suggests that our system is time-conservative. Within varying network bandwidth environments, we can also meet time constraints through sampling, and only a 12.4 percent deviation below time expectations are observed on average. We further show that, though negotiating with services' error models, our system is capable of planning data reduction measures (e.g., sampling) directly within workflow plans to achieve the desired accuracy.
Murine candidiasis: Susceptibility is associated with the induction of T cell‐mediated, strain‐specific autoreactivity (1990)

Inbred mice can be classified as susceptible or resistant to systemic infection with the yeast Candida albicans by histopathological evaluation of tissue lesions. Candida-specific memory T cell responses generated by resistant BALB/c mice are vigorous and sustained, whereas those displayed by susceptible CBA/H mice are weak. When spleen cells from immune mice were activated by culture with candida antigens in vitro, and injected into syngeneic and allogeneic recipients in the absence of further antigenic stimulation, cells from CBA/H mice induced a specific inflammatory response only in CBA/H recipients. In contrast, cells from immune BALB/c mice showed no specific activity. The effector cells were identified as T cells of the cytotoxic/suppressor subclass (CD4-, CD8+); and analysis in various F1 hybrid mice showed that reactivity was expressed only in animals carrying CBA/H genes. The data thus indicate that susceptibility to C. albicans infection is associated with the induction of a T cell subpopulation that has the potential to react specifically against unmodified self antigens expressed by the susceptible strain.
A novel self-repairing platform for embedded systems (2006)

In recent years there has been considerable interest placed on the development of systems which are capable of self-repair with various degrees of success. However the ability to implement repairs or relocate computation in such systems has proven difficult as a result of re-connecting components in hardware. In this paper the authors propose a novel platform to support the implementation of self repair strategies for embedded electronic systems which addresses interconnectivity. The platform builds on the concept used to solve the interconnect problems of large chip designs, namely network-on-chip (NoC), and the adaptability of partially reconfigurable FPGA hardware. The novel self-repair platform is presented and results from an example application demonstrate the capability of the platform to support self-repair and implement repairs on real embedded hardware.
Detecting Fraudulent Bank Account Based on Convolutional Neural Network with Heterogeneous Data (2019)

Detecting fraudulent accounts by using their transaction networks is helpful for proactively preventing illegal transactions in financial scenarios. In this paper, three convolutional neural network models, i.e., NTD‐CNN, TTD‐CNN, and HDF‐CNN, are created to identify whether a bank account is fraudulent. The three models, same in model structure, are different in types of the input features. Firstly, we embed the bank accounts’ historical trading records into a general directed and weighted transaction network. And then, a DirectedWalk algorithm is proposed for learning an account’s network vector. DirectedWalk learns social representations of a network’s vertices, by modeling a stream of directed and time‐related trading paths. The local topological feature, generating by accounts’ network vector, is taken as input of NTD‐CNN, and TTD‐CNN takes time series transaction feature as input. Finally, the two kinds of heterogeneous data, being integrated into a novel feature matrix, are fed into HDF‐CNN for classifying bank accounts. The experimental results, conducted on a real bank transaction dataset, show the advantage of HDF‐CNN over the existing methods.
Quality of gastric ulcer healing evaluated by endoscopic ultrasonography (2005)

To evaluate the quality of gastric ulcer healing after different antiulcer treatment by endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS).
Two-dimensional capacitor-connected grids metamaterial waveguide for UWB contactless data transfer channels (2013)

This paper expands previous work on 1-D capacitor-connected grids by exploring a 2-D CCG case. The fractional bandwidth achieved by a 2-D CCG with 1μF coupling capacitance largely exceeds the bandwidth limitation of conventional 2-D MIWs. Compared to a conventional 2-D MIW, 2-D CCG waveguide surfaces are less dispersive over a greater bandwidth. 2-D CCG offers great potential to be used as UWB contactless multipath data transfer channels. With finite element circuit analysis, 2-D CCG is found to have complex frequency-sensitive standing wave patterns.
Synthesis of All Nineteen Appropriately Protected Chiral α-Hydroxy Acid Equivalents of the α-Amino Acids for Boc Solid-Phase Depsi-Peptide Synthesis (2004)

[reaction: see text] The preparation of depsi-peptides, amide-to-ester-substituted peptides used to probe the role of hydrogen bonding in protein folding energetics, is accomplished by replacing specific l-alpha-amino acid residues by their alpha-hydroxy acid counterparts in a solid-phase synthesis employing a t-Boc strategy. Herein we describe the efficient stereoselective synthesis of all 19 appropriately protected alpha-hydroxy acid equivalents of the l-alpha-amino acids, employing commercially available materials, expanding the number of available alpha-hydroxy acids from 9 to 19.
HIV, alcohol dependence, and the criminal justice system: a review and call for evidence-based treatment for released prisoners (2010)

Untreated alcohol dependence, particularly for released HIV-infected prisoners, has negative consequences both for the individual and society and requires a concentrated effort and rethinking of our existing approaches for this vulnerable population.