gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A phase I/II trial of ketoconazole + calcitriol [1,25(OH)2D3] in castration-resistant prostate cancer. (2016)

5065 Background: Considerable evidence indicates that exposure of tumor cells to high concentrations of 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 [1,25D3] in vitro can suppress in vivo tumor growth. Several studies have shown that administration of very high doses of 1,25D3 is safe, particularly with intermittent administration. Another way to achieve high intracellular concentrations of 1,25D3 is to combine it with an inhibitor of 1,25D3 breakdown. Ketoconazole is a non-specific inhibitor of CYP enzymes, including the dominant 1,25D3 catabolic enzyme, CYP24A1. We have shown that KETO + 1,25D3 are synergistic. (Muindi JR, et al Endocrinology 2010. 151:4301). A phase I/II trial in men with CRPC was conducted with 2 objectives: (1) to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of 1,25D3 + “high dose” KETO (400mg TID) (2) to conduct a 2 stage, phase II trial of 1,25D3 + KETO in men with CRPC. Pharmacokinetics of 1,25D3 were determined in 8 patients before and after 2 weeks of ketoconazole therapy in phase II. Methods: 6 CRPC patients entered the phase I portion and 37 patients in phase II. Results: Phase I: At dose level 2 of the 1,25D3 escalation (15mcg QDX3, weekly), limiting toxicity (grade 3) was seen in 3/3 patients[hypercalcemia{1},hyperkalemia{1} & dysphagia/elevated serum calcium{1}]. Dose level 1 (10mcg po QDX3 weekly) was employed for the phase II portion of this trial. The phase II 2 stage design had a stopping rule at 17 patients, if < 2 had a complete or partial PSA response. 7/17 patients met the criteria for response so the trial continued to enroll. For administrative reasons, the trial was interrupted when a total of 37 patients were accrued; 25 patients were evaluable for response. Complete or partial PSA response was seen in 15 patients (60%). Since 15 responses were seen with accrual of 25 evaluable patients, the trial was closed, and judged “positive”. Toxicities in phase II were primarily those associated with high dose ketoconazole administration (GI). No hypercalcemia was seen. Serum pharmocokinetics of 1,25D3 were not changed by co-administration with KETO. Conclusions: KETO(400mg TID) +1,25D3 (10mcgQDX3, weekly) is an active, reasonably tolerated regimen, deserving further evaluation. (supported by 5R01 CA067267-19) Clinical trial information: NCT00536991.
TUNGSTEN BRONZE RELATED NON-NOBLE ELECTROCATALYSTS. (1969)

Abstract : Titanium, zirconium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, molybdenum and tungsten disilicides and also zirconium, vanadium, niobium and molybdenum carbides were examined as oxygen electrodes. Steady state potentiostatic experiments were performed on the substrates in rod form, in argon and oxygen saturated 0.1 N sulfuric acid solutions. The data obtained are interpreted in terms of the formation of oxide films on these substrates. The electrochemical growth of sodium tungsten bronze crystals from a melt of sodium tungstate and tungsten oxide has been studied under controlled conditions of temperature, purity of the melt and electrode potential. The rate of growth has been analyzed. Sodium tungsten bronzes incorporating tantalum and niobium have been prepared. Testing of the bronzes as oxygen electrocatalysts is, as yet, incomplete but the pure sodium tungsten bronzes and those containing niobium that have been tested are quite inactive. A considerable enhancement of activity was observed for a bronze containing tantalum. (Author)
Dose-intensive melphalan with blood stem cell support for the treatment of AL amyloidosis: one-year follow-up in five patients (1996)

The morbidity and lethality of AL amyloidosis is caused by the deposition of lg light chains as fibrillar amyloid protein in vital organs, disrupting their function, and not by the generally low burden of clonal plasma cells that produce the paraproteins. Survival of patients with AL amyloidosis is no more than 1 to 2 years from the time of diagnosis with current management approaches. Clearly, more effective therapies are needed for this rapidly lethal disease. Five patients were treated with dose-intensive melphalan and blood stem cell support and followed for a period of 1 year. Patients were diagnosed with AL amyloidosis by tissue biopsy and categorized by performance status and organ involvement. Their plasma cell dyscrasias were evaluated with immunofixation electrophoresis of serum and urine specimens, quantitative serum lgs, and immunohistochemical staining of bone marrow biopsy specimens. After treatment with dose-intensive intravenous melphalan followed by infusion of autologous growth-factor-mobilized blood stem cells, clinical evaluations and plasma cell studies were repeated at 3 and 12 months. Three men and 2 women aged 38 to 53 years were treated. Median performance status (SWOG) was 2 (1 to 3), and clinical presentations included nephrotic syndrome (n = 1), symptomatic cardiomyopathy (n = 1), gastrointestinal involvement with polyneuropathy (n = 2), and hepatomegaly (n = 1). With a median follow-up of 13 months (12 to 17 months), all five patients are well and have shown stable or improved performance status and clinical remission of organ-related dysfunction, including a 50% reduction in daily proteinuria with no change in creatinine, reversal of symptoms of cardiomyopathy and reductions of posterior wall and septal thickening, reversal of polyneuropathy and gastric atony, and resolution of hepatomegaly by computed tomographic scan. In 3 of the 5 patients (60%) at 12 months after treatment, plasma cell dyscrasias could not be detected. Dose-intensive chemotherapy with intravenous melphalan and growth-factor-mobilized blood stem cell support is feasible therapy for patients with AL amyloidosis, even when there is clinical evidence of cardiac involvement. At least some patients with AL amyloidosis achieve complete remission of their plasma cell dyscrasia, improvement in performance status, and clinical remission of organ-specific disease after this form of treatment.
A W-band Radar Receiver for Cloud Observations (2002)

Cloud observations are of significant importance in the study of long-term climatic trends. These observations require high-resolution radars at 94GHz. We have developed a compact multichip module (MCM) 94GHz radar receiver and the state of the art InP MMICs to construct it. The LNA MMIC determined the noise figure of the receiver, 3dB, and conversion gain of 17dB. This LNA MMIC was complemented by a second harmonic mixer MMIC that had very low conversion loss of 9.5dB despite the operation at second harmonic frequency. The MCM receiver provided the system requirement of 2dB noise figure when cooled to 170K.
Actinomycin D prevents nuclear processing of estrogen receptor. (1978)

This communication describes a novel effect of actinomycin D (AcD) in inhibiting the nuclear processing or turnover of estrogen receptors in the human breast cancer cell line. MCF-7. In the absence of AcD, estradiol treatment results in rapid (5 min) hormone binding and translocation of unfilled cytoplasmic receptors (Rc) and binding of unfilled nuclear receptors (Rn). Thereafter, filled nuclear receptors (RnE) progressively deplete and, by 3 to 5 h, 70% are lost or processed. We now show that 1 to 2 micrometer AcD or chromomycin A3, both of which intercalate at G-C base-pairs on DNA, selectively and completely block RnE processing. In contrast, estrogen binding, translocation of receptor complex, and RnE accumulation in the nucleus are completely insensitive to AcD inhibition. At 1 to 2 micrometer, all other intercalators and inhibitors tested, including other inhibitors of transcription and replication, or inhibitors of translocation or of other functions, fail to prevent binding, translocation, or the nuclear processing step. AcD intranslocation, or the nuclear processing step. AcD inhibition of RnE processing is dependent on dose; at lower doses (100 nM decreasing to 1 nm), progressively greater RnE depletion occurs. AcD completely prevents RnE depletion if given together with or within 30 min after estradiol; at any time between 30 min and 5 h after estradiol, the processing of RnE is stopped instantly by addition of AcD. Because of the complexity of actinomycin action, several mechanisms can be proposed to explain its effect on nuclear ER levels.
Postprocessing and corrections of bathymetry derived from sidescan sonar systems: application with SeaMARC II (1994)

A procedure for postprocessing bathymetry data provided by a phase-measuring sidescan sonar system is presented. The data were collected with the SeaMARC II system, and are generally characterized by a high level of noise and uneven spatial sampling. Before any spatial filtering is applied, data are selected to remove most of the obvious artifacts and to retain instantaneous depth profiles whose slant ranges increase monotonically from a central location to the edges of the swath. An extrapolation scheme, patterned after a potential field, is proposed to fill gaps in the coverage or to extend the bathymetric swath to that of the corresponding sidescan image when regridding the data to a rectangular frame. To fill the near nadir gap typically found in these data, a specific interpolation methodology is developed that takes into account the slant range of the first bottom return as received by the sidescan sonar itself or by a shipboard echo-sounder. Spatial low-pass filtering is applied through convolutions with parabolic windows whose width is proportional to the footprint of the acoustic beam along track and roughly 1/8 of the swath width across track. Mismatches of contour lines between adjacent tracks are reduced through a statistical method design to correct systematic profile errors.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Pyridopyrimidine Derivatives as Inhibitors of Stable Toxin a (STa) Induced cGMP Synthesis. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Reduction Pathway of End-On Terminally Coordinated Dinitrogen. IV. Geometric, Electronic, and Vibrational Structure of a W(IV) Dialkylhydrazido Complex and Its Two-Electron-Reduced Derivative Undergoing N−N Cleavage upon Protonation (2005)

The molybdenum and tungsten dialkylhydrazido complexes [M(dppe)2 (NNC5H10)]2+ (M = Mo, W; compounds A(Mo) and A(W)) and their two-electron-reduced counterparts [M(dppe)2 (NNC5H10)] (compounds B(Mo) and B(W)) are characterized structurally and spectroscopically. The crystal structure of B(W) indicates a geometry between square pyramidal and trigonal bipyramidal with the NNC5H10 group in the apical position and in the trigonal plane of the complex, respectively. Temperature-dependent 31P NMR spectra of B(Mo) show that this geometry is present in solution as well. At room temperature, rapid Berry pseudorotation between the "axial" and "equatorial" ligand positions gives rise to a singlet in the 31P NMR spectrum. This exchange process is slowed at low temperature, leading to a doublet. The N-N distance of B(W) is 1.388 A, and the W-N distance is 1.781 A. Infrared and Raman spectroscopy applied to A(W), B(W), and their 15N isotopomers reveals extensive mixing between the N-N and W-N vibrations of the metal-N-N core with the modes of the piperidine ring. The N-N force constant of A(W) is determined to be 6.95 mdyn/A, which is close to the values of the Mo and W NNH2 complexes. In B(W), the N-N force constant decreases to 6.4 mdyn/A, which is between the values found for the Mo/W NNH3 and NNH2 complexes. This allows us to attribute N-N double bond character to A(W) and intermediate character between the double and single bonds for the N-N bond of B(W). These findings are supported by DFT calculations. More importantly, the HOMO of B(W) corresponds to a linear combination of the metal d(sigma) orbital with a ligand orbital having N-N sigma* character, inducing a weakening of the N-N bond. This contributes to the cleavage of the N-N bond taking place upon protonation of B(W) at the Nbeta atom of the NNC5H10 group.
Reshaping of Peapods via Temperature and Laser Irradiation (2005)

We report a means to apply local and quick annealing using a focused laser beam on freestanding thin films of peapods. In situ characterization is performed by Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy. The findings are compared to traditional slow annealing in a furnace. With laser annealing we observe a fast transformation of the C60 “peas” to inner tubes and at even higher irradiation densities these new inner tubes are removed again. The removal of the inner tubes is not observed with conventional furnace annealing, however, carbon bicables, viz. two parallel nanotubes inside an oval shaped outer one, are obtained. These stark differences are a result of photo‐induced processes in laser annealing.
Unilateral pursuit‐induced congenital nystagmus (1989)

We describe two patients with a lifelong history of oscillopsia only when following objects moving toward their left side. Neurologic examination was normal except for eye movements. The patients showed nystagmus during any tasks that required visual following toward the left (ie, smooth pursuit, optokinetic nystagmus, and vestibulo-ocular-reflex-suppression), but had no nystagmus during fixation of stationary targets or visual following tasks to the right. Eye-movement recordings showed waveforms during pursuit to the left that were typical of congenital nystagmus.
Optimization-based feedforward control for a drop-on-demand inkjet printer (2010)

The printing quality delivered by a Drop-on-Demand (DoD) inkjet printhead is limited due to operational issues such as residual oscillations in the ink channel and the cross-talk between the ink channels. The maximal jetting frequency of a DoD inkjet printhead can be increased by quickly damping the residual oscillations and by bringing in this way the ink channel to rest after jetting the ink drop. This paper proposes an optimization-based method to design the input actuation waveform for the piezo actuator in order to improve the damping of the residual oscillations. The narrow-gap model is used to predict the response of the ink channel under the application of the piezo input. Simulation and experimental results are presented to show the applicability of the proposed method.
Laser Angioplasty With Contact Sapphire Probe (1987)

Previous attempts to recanalize obstructed arteries in humans, using laser angioplasty techniques have shown the technique to be feasible but the tunnels created through the arterial obstructions and occlusions were too small, thus facilitating early or late re-occlusion.1-4 Therefore, regardless of the technique used, laser emission through bare fibers shielded by a balloon catheter or thermal angioplasty with a heat metal cap,5,6 a complementary procedure using conventional balloon angioplasty was required to widen the narrow channel left after laser angioplasty.
A CMOS power amplifier with 180&#x00B0; hybrid on-chip coupler for 4G applications (2015)

This paper presents a CMOS Class AB power amplifier with an on-chip 180° hybrid coupler for 4G applications. Two-stage power amplifier architecture with a combination of low voltage core transistor and high voltage I/O transistors, is designed to achieve the power gain in the 180nm standard CMOS technology. The driver stage has a power gain of 18.5dB and linear output power of 12.9dBm. The power stage has a gain of 13.7dB and P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1dB</sub> of 24.4dBm. The paper also presents an on-chip 180° hybrid coupler, designed in the same technology, for combining the power generated from individual power amplifiers. The measured results of the coupler show an isolation better than -30dB, S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> better than -20dB and, S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">21</sub> and S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">31</sub> equal to -5.4dB, at 2.35GHz. The complete differential power amplifier using the on-chip coupler gives P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1dB</sub> of 26.4dBm and saturated output power of 27.4dBm. As compared to all the reported on-chip couplers configurations, use of 180° hybrid coupler leads to better load insensitivity as well as improved linearity due to the second harmonic cancellation.
IFN-gamma regulation of the type IV class II transactivator promoter in astrocytes. (1999)

The transcriptional activation of class II MHC genes requires the class II transactivator (CIITA) protein, a regulator that is essential for both constitutive and IFN-gamma-inducible class II MHC expression. The CIITA gene is controlled by multiple independent promoters; two promoters direct constitutive expression, while another, the type IV CIITA promoter, mediates IFN-gamma-induced expression. We investigated the molecular regulation of IFN-gamma-induced type IV CIITA promoter activity in astrocytes. IFN-gamma inducibility of the type IV CIITA promoter is dependent on three cis-acting elements contained within a 154-bp fragment of the promoter; the proximal IFN-gamma activation sequence (GAS) element, the E box, and the proximal IFN regulatory factor (IRF) element. Two IFN-gamma-activated transcription factors, STAT-1alpha and IRF-1, bind the proximal GAS and IRF elements, respectively. The E box binds upstream stimulating factor-1 (USF-1), a constitutively expressed transcription factor. Furthermore, STAT-1alpha binding to the proximal GAS element is dependent on the binding of USF-1 to the adjacent E box. Functionally, the proximal IRF element is essential for IFN-gamma induction of type IV CIITA promoter activity, while the proximal GAS and E box elements contribute to the IFN-gamma inducibility of this promoter. In astrocytes, TNF-alpha enhances IFN-gamma-induced class II MHC transcription. Our results demonstrate that TNF-alpha does not enhance IFN-gamma-induced transcriptional activation of the type IV CIITA promoter, indicating that the enhancing effect of TNF-alpha is mediated downstream of CIITA transcription. These results define the molecular basis of IFN-gamma activation of the type IV CIITA promoter in astrocytes.
Bis(2-diphenylphosphinoethyl)amine. A flexible synthesis of functionalized chelating diphosphines (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBis(2-diphenylphosphinoethyl)amine. A flexible synthesis of functionalized chelating diphosphinesMichael E. Wilson, Ralph G. Nuzzo, and George M. WhitesidesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1978, 100, 7, 2269–2270Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00475a069https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00475a069research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views755Altmetric-Citations60LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A single rRNA gene region in Bradyrhizobium japonicum (1995)

Bradyrhizobium japonicum contains only a single rRNA (rrn) gene region, despite its comparatively large genome size of 8,700 kb. The nucleotide sequence revealed an organization of rRNA and tRNA genes that is frequently found in bacteria: 5'-rrs (16S rRNA)-ileT (tRNA(Ile))-alaT (tRNA(Ala))-rrl (23S rRNA)-rrf (5S rRNA)-3'. The 5' end of the primary transcript, one of the 16S rRNA processing sites, and the 5' end of the mature 16S rRNA were determined by primer extension. DNA hybridization experiments showed that the slowly growing Bradyrhizobium strains generally have only a single copy of the 16S rRNA gene, whereas the faster-growing Rhizobium species contain three rrs copies.
Evaluation of a Hand-Held Meter for Cowside Evaluation of Blood Beta-Hydroxybutyrate and Glucose Concentrations in Dairy Cows (2008)

Ketosis, defined as blood beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) concentrations greater than 1,400 umol/1, is an important problem in dairy herds. Prompt and accurate detection of ketosis may lessen its negative effects on milk yield and reproduction, and may help prevent subsequent displaced abomasum. Cowside tests are necessary for prompt diagnosis and treatment of ketosis; however, existing cowside urine or milk ketone tests are limited by their relatively low sensitivity (about 80%) compared to blood BHBA (the gold standard test for ketosis). Cowside blood glucose tests have not been commonly used but could be useful in helping clinicians determine if glucose treatments are indicated for early lactation cows with an unknown diagnosis or that have already been treated for ketosis. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the correlation of BHBA and glucose results from the hand-held meter with laboratory analysis results, and to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the hand-held meter for determining BHBA and glucose concentrations above established cut-points.