gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stoichiometry of the Redox Neutral Deamination and Oxidative Dehydrogenation Reactions Catalyzed by the Radical SAM Enzyme DesII (2010)

DesII from Streptomyces venezuelae is a radical SAM (S-adenosyl-l-methionine) enzyme that catalyzes the deamination of TDP-4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-d-glucose to form TDP-3-keto-4,6-dideoxy-d-glucose in the biosynthesis of TDP-d-desosamine. DesII also catalyzes the dehydrogenation of the nonphysiological substrate TDP-D-quinovose to TDP-3-keto-6-deoxy-d-glucose. These properties prompted an investigation of how DesII handles SAM in the redox neutral deamination versus the oxidative dehydrogenation reactions. This work was facilitated by the development of an enzymatic synthesis of TDP-4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-d-glucose that couples a transamination equilibrium to the thermodynamically favorable oxidation of formate. In this study, DesII is found to consume SAM versus TDP-sugar with stoichiometries of 0.96 +/- 0.05 and 1.01 +/- 0.05 in the deamination and dehydrogenation reactions, respectively, using Na(2)S(2)O(4) as the reductant. Importantly, no significant change in stoichiometry is observed when the flavodoxin/flavodoxin NADP(+) oxidoreductase/NADPH reducing system is used in place of Na(2)S(2)O(4). Moreover, there is no evidence of an uncoupled or abortive process in the deamination reaction, as indicated by the observation that dehydrogenation can take place in the absence of an external source of reductant whereas deamination cannot. Mechanistic and biochemical implications of these results are discussed.
Mycobacterial virulence - a delicate balance (2014)

promotiedatum: 12-3-2014 � prom-id: 10949
Increased Role of the Otolaryngologist in Endoscopic Pituitary Surgery: Endoscopic Hydroscopy of the Sella (2005)

The use of angled endoscopes in conjunction with hydroscopy increases visualization of the sella. The otolaryngologist plays a critical role in this examination with manipulation of the angled endoscopes. Therefore, the role of the otolaryngologist is extended beyond the approach to the pituitary.
The Use of the Lead (II) Cation as the Precipitating Agent in the Quantitative Determination of Phosphorus in Organo-Phosphorus Compounds – A Study of the Lead Phosphate – Lead EDTA System (1980)

Abstract A simple procedure for the quantitative determination of Phosphorus in organic compounds through the precipitation of lead phosphate and the subsequent titration of excess lead with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) was studied. The results of this study directed our investigation to the lead phosphate-lead EDTA system with a specific lead ion electrode.
FORMATION OF EPOXIDES IN THE PYRROLE AND FURAN SERIES BY PHOTOÖXIDATION (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFORMATION OF EPOXIDES IN THE PYRROLE AND FURAN SERIES BY PHOTOÖXIDATIONHarry H. Wasserman and Arno LiberlesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 8, 2086Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01493a070https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01493a070research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views307Altmetric-Citations67LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A simple, rapid method to isolate salt glands for three-dimensional visualization, fluorescence imaging and cytological studies (2010)

The study of salt glands directly at the glandular level are made possible with the successful isolation of these specialized structures. Preparation of materials for subsequent microscopic observations of salt glands could be achieved within a day. Potential applications of confocal fluorescence microscopic techniques could also be performed using these isolated glands. Experiments designed and targeted directly at the salt glands were explored and cytological information obtained herein could be further incorporated towards the understanding of the mechanism underlying secretion in plant salt glands.
Red blood cells derived from whole blood treated with riboflavin and ultraviolet light maintain adequate survival in vivo after 21 days of storage (2017)

RBCs derived from Mirasol WB and stored for up to 21 days in AS-3 maintained acceptable cell quality and recovery, albeit modestly reduced compared with untreated RBCs. Mirasol WB may represent a valid single WB PR platform that allows manufacture of RBC for storage for up to 21 days.
Post-Translational Inhibition of IP-10 Secretion in IEC by Probiotic Bacteria: Impact on Chronic Inflammation (2009)

We demonstrate segment specific effects of probiotic intervention that correlate with reduced IP-10 protein expression in the native epithelium. Furthermore, we revealed post-translational degradation of IP-10 protein in IEC to be the molecular mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory effect.
Inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis enhance X-ray killing of log-phase Chinese hamster cells. (1984)

Postirradiation incubation of V79 Chinese hamster cells with inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis was found to potentiate the killing of cells by X rays. Potentiation increased with incubation time and with concentration of the inhibitor. Preirradiation incubation had only a small effect. The enhanced response correlated well with the known extent of the inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis. A radiation-sensitive line, V79- AL162 /S-10, was affected to a lesser extent than the normal cells. Cells repaired the radiation damage with which the inhibitors interacted within 1 hr, a process that has similar kinetics to what is observed when a postirradiation treatment with hypertonic buffer is used [H. Utsumi and M. M. Elkind , Radiat . Res. 77, 346-360 (1979)]. However, the sectors of damage affected by inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis and hypertonic buffer do not entirely overlap. The inhibitor nicotinamide enhanced the killing mainly of late S-phase cells and did not affect cells at the G1/S border. It is concluded that the repair process(es) involving poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis is important for cell survival in repair-competent cells and that the radiation-sensitive cells that were examined are partially deficient in a repair pathway in which poly(ADP-ribose) participates.
Sample Complexity Bounds for Influence Maximization (2019)

Influence maximization (IM) is the problem of finding for a given $s\geq 1$ a set $S$ of $|S|=s$ nodes in a network with maximum influence. With stochastic diffusion models, the influence of a set $S$ of seed nodes is defined as the expectation of its reachability over simulations, where each simulation specifies a deterministic reachability function. Two well-studied special cases are the Independent Cascade (IC) and the Linear Threshold (LT) models of Kempe, Kleinberg, and Tardos. The influence function in stochastic diffusion is unbiasedly estimated by averaging reachability values over i.i.d. simulations. We study the IM sample complexity: the number of simulations needed to determine a $(1-ε)$-approximate maximizer with confidence $1-δ$. Our main result is a surprising upper bound of $O( s τε^{-2} \ln \frac{n}δ)$ for a broad class of models that includes IC and LT models and their mixtures, where $n$ is the number of nodes and $τ$ is the number of diffusion steps. Generally $τ\ll n$, so this significantly improves over the generic upper bound of $O(s n ε^{-2} \ln \frac{n}δ)$. Our sample complexity bounds are derived from novel upper bounds on the variance of the reachability that allow for small relative error for influential sets and additive error when influence is small. Moreover, we provide a data-adaptive method that can detect and utilize fewer simulations on models where it suffices. Finally, we provide an efficient greedy design that computes an $(1-1/e-ε)$-approximate maximizer from simulations and applies to any submodular stochastic diffusion model that satisfies the variance bounds.
Characteristics and utilization of a new class of low on-resistance MOS-gated power device (2003)

A new class of MOS-gated power semiconductor devices Cool MOS/sup TM/ has been introduced with a supreme conducting characteristic that overcomes the high on-state resistance limitations of high voltage power MOSFETs. From the application point of view, an immediate and very frequently asked question arises: does this device behave like a MOSFET or an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT)? The goal of this paper is to compare and contrast the major similarities and differences between this device and the traditional MOSFET and IGBT. In this study, the new device is fully characterized for its (1) conduction characteristics, (2) switching voltage, current, and energy characteristics, (3) gate drive resistance effects, (4) output capacitance, and (5) reverse bias safe operating areas. Experimental results indicate that the conduction characteristics of the new device are similar to the MOSFET but with much smaller on-resistance for the same chip and package size. The switching characteristics of the Cool MOS are also similar to the MOSFET in that they have fast switching speeds and do not have a current tail at turn-off. However, the effect of the gate drive resistance on the turn-off voltage rate-of-rise (dv/dt) is more like an IGBT. In other words, a very large gate drive resistance is required to have a significant change on dv/dt, resulting in a large turn-off delay. Overall, the device was found to behave more like a power MOSFET than like an IGBT.
The Blood Bank and the Technique and Therapeutics of Transfusion (1942)

To use the authors' own statement, this book is a “readily available compendious and expository source” of information relative to transfusions. If individuals having no knowledge of the various methods of administering whole blood or plasma and storing whole blood or plasma had access to only one book, this compilation most nearly would fill all requirements. The book is based on the experience derived from some 7,000 transfusions and almost half that many references to the literature. For example, one chapter contains 913 references in its bibliography. There is an apparently unavoidable amount of repetition in certain chapters, particularly as regards the military use of blood or plasma and various statements made will sometimes seem contradictory. This perhaps may be related to the dual authorship. Scattered typographical errors are noted, as for example, the statement is made that “Aletrin in a dosage of 0.3 grams” should be used in the treatment of malignant tertian malaria.
Dendritic cells in normal and asthmatic airways: expression of the α subunit of the high affinity immunoglobulin E receptor (FcεRI‐α) (1996)

Summary Background Immunoglobulin E (IgE) plays an important role in asthma, with total serum IgE levels closely related to both clinical expression of the disease and airway hyperresponsiveness. IgE binds to a high affinity cell‐surface receptor (FcεRI) which is present on mast cells and which has also recently been demonstrated on cutaneous dendritic cells. If pulmonary dendritic cells were also able to express this receptor, this would have important implications with regard to their potential role in asthma. Objectives The aims of the study were to investigate the expression of the α subunit of the high affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI‐α) in normal and asthmatic airways, and to analyse its cellular provenance with particular emphasis on the dendritic cell. Methods Bronchial biopsy specimens were obtained using fibreoptic bronchoscopy from 10 atopic asthmatics and nine non‐atopic non‐asthmatic control subjects. Specimens were processed into glycolmethacrylate resin and analysed by immunohistochemistry using specific monoclonal antibodies against FcεRI‐α. and against tryptase and CDla. markers for mast cells and dendritic cells, respectively. Results The numbers of dendritic cells were significantly higher in the airways of asthmatics compared with those of control subjects ( P <0.02). Analysis of sequential sections revealed that the α subunit of FcεRI was localized to both mast eells and dendritic cells. The proportion of dendritic cells expressing FcεRI‐α was significantly inereased in the asthmatic group ( P < 0.003). Conclusion These results support the hypothesis that dendritic cells play an important role in allergic asthma although the functional significance of FcεRI‐α expression needs further investigation.
Factors Affecting Workpiece Surface Integrity in Slotting of CFRP (2011)

CFRP use in aerospace applications has seen a dramatic increase over the last decade. The slotting/routing process is used to trim excess material from cured CFRP panels in wing manufacture. The work presented details the effect of different slotting parameters, tool materials (WC & PCD) and cutting environment (chilled air & dry) on the surface roughness and integrity of machined CFRP laminates when employing an L16 fractional factorial Taguchi experiment. Scanning electron micrographs and 3D topographic maps show the influence of fibre orientation with respect to the cutting direction. Thermal damage (burning & resin melt) were minimised using chilled air. Use of PCD tooling provided significantly increased productivity compared to coated WC with workpiece surface roughness of ∼3.6 μm Sa at 200m/min cutting speed and 0.03 mm/tooth feed rate.
Informed Consent and Investigational New Drug Abuses in the U.S. Military (2002)

I argue that in medical situations, the military is obligated to treat its troops as autonomous persons entitled to basic rights and protections. The DoD is currently using an approved drug, the anthrax vaccine, for an unapproved purpose and in an unapproved manner. In doing so, the DoD is not only violating the FDA's regulations against such practices, it is also violating an executive order which only allows the president to authorize the use of INDs on service members without their consent.
Early-Lumping Based Controller Synthesis for Linear Infinite-Dimensional Systems (2014)

The present thesis is concerned with the finite-dimensional output feedback control of linear time-invariant infinite-dimensional systems with bounded control and measurement.This system class contains a variety of linear parabolic, hyperbolic, and biharmonic distributed-parameter systems with spatially distributed inputs and outputs, as well as some time-delay systems.For these systems an observer-based compensator, i.e., a dynamic output feedback control, is designed by the early-lumping approach.The concept of this approach is to use an approximation of the infinite-dimensional system as the basis for the design of the compensator, which enables to apply the wellknown methods for finite-dimensional systems.The impact of the neglected system dynamics on the closed-loop behavior, commonly referred to as spillover, is an inherent shortcoming of the approach that might lead to instability.Usually, this problem is tackled by iterating the compensator design and the closed-loop analysis with a more and more precise approximation until an acceptable control performance is achieved.
Data-Driven Source Separation Based on Simplex Analysis (2018)

Blind source separation (BSS) is addressed, using a novel data-driven approach, based on a well-established probabilistic model. The proposed method is specifically designed for separation of multichannel audio mixtures. The algorithm relies on spectral decomposition of the correlation matrix between different time frames. The probabilistic model implies that the column space of the correlation matrix is spanned by the probabilities of the various speakers across time. The number of speakers is recovered by the eigenvalue decay, and the eigenvectors form a simplex of the speakers' probabilities. Time frames dominated by each of the speakers are identified exploiting convex geometry tools on the recovered simplex. The mixing acoustic channels are estimated utilizing the identified sets of frames, and a linear umixing is performed to extract the individual speakers. The derived simplexes are visually demonstrated for mixtures of 2, 3 and 4 speakers. We also conduct a comprehensive experimental study, showing high separation capabilities in various reverberation conditions.
Variation of Detection Ability with Scanning Method on Surface Survey of Radiological Density (2009)

The scanning method with GM survey meter is useful for detection of surface radiological density. The detection ability is varied with several parameters; those are the distance between the sample and the window of GM tube, the scanning speed and the background dose rates. We made an experimental system. In that system, a radiation source can be moved at any constant velocity with a linear scanning device. The obtained data shows that the change of count rate has some patterns due to each scanning velocity. The count rate increased with the source coming closer, and decreased with the source moving away. The maximum count rate under the scanning condition, those are 5 mm distance and 50 mm/s scanning velocity, point source on a stainless steel plate was 23% of the count rate on the fixed source. The detection ability in various scanning conditions was evaluated from the measured data. As a result, it was confirmed to be able surely to detect the lower level of the surface radiological density limit by means of the scanning condition applied to the routine work, 5 mm distance and 50 mm/s scanning velocity.
Equilibrium and kinetic studies of a chemical model of active transport: Membrane transport of potassium salts by cryptand carriers driven by potassium ion complexation (1988)

A theoretical framework of energy transduction in membranes was used as a point of departure for the design of a simple chemical model of primary active transport (reaction pumping). In the model, cryptand carriers transport potassium salts across a bulk liquid membrane, driven by the complexation of potassium by a dicarboxylate crown ether in one aqueous phase. Both the equilibrium position and kinetic behavior of the model system could be predicted from the theoretical framework. Experimental verification of the predictions confirms the fitness of the theoretical framework and provides a design tool for the formulation of new membrane transport systems.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF CROSS-BRACED FREIGHT BOGIES (1979)

There is currently world wide interest in cross-braced, cross-anchored and radial trucks. These are all terms which describe trucks having wheelsets connected together in such a way as to increase the shear stiffness between them while leaving the wheelsets reasonably free to adopt a radial position when negotiating a curve. The impetus for the development of these trucks has come from the increasing demands of railways for higher operating speeds combined with good wheel-life, even when the route involves sharply curved sections. The cross-braced truck concept provides greater scope to the designer over the difficult compromise between stability and curving. This article describes theoretical studies which have been carried out to examine the potential of this type of truck and the experimental results obtained from track tests of a pair of development trucks.
Effect of arcjet plume on satellite reflector performance (1990)

The effect of an arcjet plume on the performance of onboard reflector antennas is studied. The arcjet plume is modeled as an inhomogeneous scatterer with a smoothly varying refractive index. The spatial distribution of the refractive index is related to the measured electron density data based on the cold plasma model. Since the plume size of interest is more than several wavelengths in extent, geometrical optics is used to calculate the microwave propagation through the plume. The trajectory, phase, amplitude, and polarization of the high-frequency ray field transmitted through the plume are numerically computed based on the laws of geometrical optics. Once the ray optics field transmitted through the plume on the near-field aperture is found, the far-field pattern of the antenna can be calculated by a ray-tube integration scheme. Results obtained with the proposed method are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A simple method for the identification of aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (1984)

In order to study the correlation between the presence of aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in bacteria and the susceptibility of these bacteria to aminoglycosides, 133 resistant strains were collected, representing the most frequently occurring modifying enzymes in clinical isolates today. Enzymes in these resistant strains were identified by the determination of substrate profiles for eight different aminoglycosides in vitro. Thirteen different enzymes or combinations of enzymes appeared to be present in this collection, whereas in seven cases the resistance appeared to be non-enzyme-mediated. The enzyme activities were not reflected in the bacterial susceptibility data for each antibiotic. Cluster analysis of the combined sensitivity data, with biochemical enzyme analysis as a guideline, proved to be unsatisfactory for the identification of aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates. Much better results were obtained with a stepwise determination scheme. This method relies upon inhibition zone diameters around commercially available sensitivity discs for six aminoglycoside antibiotics. These zone diameters are compared with empirically established critical values, which are characteristic of an enzyme or group of enzymes. By this procedure proper identification of the enzyme(s) proved to be possible in 84% of the 133 resistant strains. For the evaluation of the method 100 consecutively isolated aminoglycoside resistant clinical isolates were analysed by means of the stepwise scheme and the biochemical method. Results were identical for 97 of the 100 strains.