gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Coal liquefaction bench-scale studies. Volume 1. Bench-scale support: bituminous coal (1985)

A 0.2 TPD integrated coal liquefaction bench-scale unit was designed, constructed and operated at Kerr-McGee Corporation Cimarron Facility. This two-stage (Thermal and Catalytic) unit includes a coal liquefaction section for dissolution of coal, a Critical Solvent Deashing (CSD) section for deashing of coal liquids and a hydrotreating section for upgrading of liquid products. A program was initiated to evaluate the technical feasibility of advanced coal liquefaction processes involving selective recycle of process streams to produce environmentally-acceptable fuel and useable by-products. This report summarizes the studies completed in the integrated unit through the end of calendar year 1982. Four integrated two-stage coal liquefaction process configurations were evaluated with the objective of maximizing the yield of liquid products and minimizing the production of gases. The integrated two-stage work completed to-date has demonstrated that is is possible to obtain higher coal conversions and higher distillate yields from an eastern bituminous coal than produced under prevalent non-integrated two-stage process configuration. It was shown in this integrated two-stage process configuration that high distillate yields could be attained with a short-contact-time (SCT) in the thermal stage while recycling hydrotreated Full-range SRC along with distillate solvent to the liquefaction stage. 1 ref., 15 figs., 4 tabs.
Removal of U and Mo from water by immobilizedDesulfovibrio desulfuricans in column reactors (1998)

Intact cells of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans were immobilized in polyacrylamide gel and used to remove soluble U and Mo from water by enzymatically mediated reduction reactions in column reactors. Formate or lactate served as the electron donor and oxidized U(VI) and Mo(VI) species served as electron acceptors. Greater than 99% removal efficiencies were achieved for both metals with initial concentrations of 5 mg/L U and 10 mg/L Mo. Hydraulic residence times in the columns were between 24 and 36 h. Sulfate concentrations as high as 2000 mg/L did not inhibit reduction of U or Mo in the columns. However, nitrate inhibited uranium reduction at concentrations near 50 mg/L and inhibited molybdenum reduction at concentrations near 150 mg/L. The results indicate that enzymatic reduction of U and Mo by immobilized cells of D. desulfuricans may be a practical method for removing these contaminants from solution in continuous-flow reactors.
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration in the diagnosis of mediastinal masses of unknown origin (2002)

EUS-FNA in patients presenting with idiopathic mediastinal masses establishes the diagnosis in the vast majority of cases, particularly for those with malignant disease. The emergence of transesophageal EUS-FNA of the mediastinum provides the ability to alter subsequent workup and therapy, obviating the need for more invasive diagnostic studies such as thoracotomy.
Post-Editing Extractive Summaries by Definiteness Prediction (2021)

Extractive summarization has been the mainstay of automatic summarization for decades. Despite all the progress, extractive summarizers still suffer from shortcomings including coreference issues arising from extracting sentences away from their original context in the source document. This affects the coherence and readability of extractive summaries. In this work, we propose a lightweight postediting step for extractive summaries that centers around a single linguistic decision: the definiteness of noun phrases. We conduct human evaluation studies that show that human expert judges substantially prefer the output of our proposed system over the original summaries. Moreover, based on an automatic evaluation study, we provide evidence for our system's ability to generate linguistic decisions that lead to improved extractive summaries. We also draw insights about how the automatic system is exploiting some local cues related to the writing style of the main article texts or summary texts to make the decisions, rather than reasoning about the contexts pragmatically.
Sb-heterostructure millimeter-wave zero-bias diodes (2002)

Millimeter wave detection at W-band and above has great potential for imaging under a variety of environmental conditions such as precipitation, smoke, and dust. One current limiting factor is the large per pixel cost of arrays. Direct detecting zero bias diodes would reduce the cost significantly. Here, we demonstrate specially designed Sb-heterostructure-based backward diodes grown by molecular beam epitaxy. These diodes have superior frequency response compared to Ge diodes. The behavior is based on heterojunction tunneling and, in contrast to planar doped barrier (PDB) diodes, is not overly sensitive to growth conditions. Estimates indicate frequency operation comparable to or superior to PDB diodes should be achievable. Millimeter wave detector arrays containing thousands of diodes are now feasible for the first time at W-band and above. We present measurements demonstrating this performance and estimate the ultimate frequency potential of this new technology. The material system used is the InAs-AlSb-GaAlSb nearly lattice matched combination.
Model Development and Analysis of Mammalian Cell Culture Systems (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Review of Mathematical Models of Mammalian Cell Culture Systems Motivation Dynamic Modeling of Biological Systems – An Illustrative Example Concluding Remarks
Formation mechanism of axial macrosegregation of primary phases induced by a static magnetic field during directional solidification (2017)

Understanding the macrosegregation formed by applying magnetic fields is of high commercial importance. This work investigates how static magnetic fields control the solute and primary phase distributions in four directionally solidified alloys (i.e., Al-Cu, Al-Si, Al-Ni and Zn-Cu alloys). Experimental results demonstrate that significant axial macrosegregation of the solute and primary phases (i.e., Al<sub>2</sub>Cu, Si, Al<sub>3</sub>Ni and Zn<sub>5</sub>Cu phases) occurs at the initial solidification stage of the samples. This finding is accompanied by two interface transitions in the mushy zone: quasi planar → sloping → quasi planar. The amplitude of the macrosegregation of the primary phases under the magnetic field is related to the magnetic field intensity, temperature gradient and growth speed. The corresponding numerical simulations present a unidirectional thermoelectric (TE) magnetic convection pattern in the mushy zone as a consequence of the interaction between the magnetic field and TE current. Furthermore, a model is proposed to explain the peculiar macrosegregation phenomenon by considering the effect of the forced TE magnetic convection on the solute distribution. The present study not only offers a new approach to control the solute distribution by applying a static magnetic field but also facilitates the understanding of crystal growth in the solute that is controlled by the static magnetic field during directional solidification.
USE OF MULTIPLE UROLUME El COMPLEX BULBAR UR IDOURETHRAL PROSTHESES IN ETHRAL STRICTURES (1997)

Purpose: We evaluated patients who received multiple UroLume Wallstents* during the North American UroLume trial for the treatment of recurrent bulbar urethral strictures. Materials and Methods: A total of 41 patients received multiple UroLume stents. The clinical histories and therapeutic outcomes of these patients were reviewed. Results: Of the patients 23% required placement of multiple urethral stents. Stents placed at the initial procedure were required for strictures longer than 2.5 cm. and for multiple, separate strictures. Indications for secondary insertion included recurrent stricture adjacent to the stent, hyperplastic tissue growth within the stent and gaps between previously adjacent stents. The repeat treatment rate was 43.9% versus 14.3% for the study group overall. Urine flow rates and symptom scores in the multiple stent group showed improvement similar to that of the study group overall. Conclusions: Patients who required multiple stents had greater rates of repeat treatment but similarly improved urine flows and symptom scores, which were maintained at 2 years. Despite advances in endoscopic and reconstructive urology approximately a third of patients with urethral strictures remain a therapeutic challenge to the urologist.l Many strictures treated with optical urethrotomy and/or urethroplasty repair remain resistant to therapy. Multiple urethral dilations and self-catheterization are disappointing, if not unacceptable, alternatives. The UroLume Wallstent is a flexible, self-expanding, biocompatible, inert endoprosthesis made of a nonmagnetic superalloy woven into a tubular mesh, and pre-loaded into an endoscopic deployment tool with a 22F sheath and a 24F distal collar. This device can be used with standard cystoscopic equipment. The UroLume stent is currently available in 2 and 3 cm. lengths, and when fully expanded the internal diameter of the stent is 42F. Urothelium will grow through the interstices of and in most patients completely cover the stent. Of patients 90% show 90 to 100% coverage at 1 year.2 The expansile nature of the stent keeps it in place until endothelialization fdy anchors the stent in place. Endothelialization prevents contact with urine, thus preventing incrustation and infection. The UroLume endourethral prosthesis has been evaluated in North America in a 5-year multicenter study of recurrent bulbar urethral strictures. The 2-year results have shown marked improvement in urine flow rates and symptom 8cores.2 However, 41 of the 175 patients in the study (23%) required placement of multiple stents as a primary procedure or for repeat treatment. We evaluated patients who required multiple stents to determine if they achieved the same efficacious and durable results as reported for the entire study group.
Standards for XML and web services security (2003)

XML schemas convey the data syntax and semantics for various application domains, such as business-to-business transactions, medical records, and production status reports. However, these schemas seldom address security issues, which can lead to a worst-case scenario of systems and protocols with no security at all. At best, they confine security to transport level mechanisms such as secure sockets layer (SSL). On the other hand, the omission of security provisions from domain schemas opens the way for generic security specifications based on XML document and grammar extensions. These specifications are orthogonal to domain schemas but integrate with them to support a variety of security objectives, such as confidentiality, integrity, and access control. In 2002, several specifications progressed toward providing a comprehensive standards framework for secure XML-based applications. The paper shows some of the most important specifications, the issues they address, and their dependencies.
Increased Response to Subcutaneous Erythropoietin on Type I Diabetic Patients on Capd: Is There a Synergistic Effect with Insulin? (1995)

According to our results, we suggest that factors related to insulin-dependent diabetes seem to be involved in a favorable response to SC EPO. Hyperinsulinemia derived from subcutaneous use of insulin might act as a comitogen with the induced increments of serum erythropoietin.
The First Example of an RNA Urea Synthase: Selection through the Enzyme Active Site of Human Neutrophile Elastase (2003)

RNA catalysts: In vitro selection from a random library of RNA sequences gave RNA urea synthases able to utilize tripeptides as substrates (see scheme; HNE, human neutrophile elastase). The tripeptide substrates were mechanism-based protease suicide substrates. Stereoselection of serine protease tripeptide phosphonate inhibitors was achieved by RNA catalysis. The RNA urea synthases showed a high degree of diastereoselectivity for the most potent protease suicide inhibitor. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2268/2003/z610_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Schwannoma in the psoas muscle removed by the retroperitoneal approach (1993)

The case of a 56-year-old male with a schwannoma in the right psoas muscle is reported. The tumour was extirpated by the retroperitoneal approach, which afforded direct access to this lumbar paraspinal lesion.
Local reconfiguration policies (2003)

Survivable systems are modelled abstractly as collections of services supported by any of a set of configurations of components. Reconfiguration to restore services as a result of component failure is viewed as a kind of "flow" analogous to information flow. We apply C. Meadows' (1990) theorem on datset aggregates to characterize the maximum safe flow policy for distributed systems. For reconfiguration, safety means that services are preserved and that that reconfiguration rules may be stated and applied locally, with respect to just the failed components.
<title>Preparation, structure, and properties of aluminium nitride (AIN) reinforced polymer composites: alternative substrate materials for microelectronic packaging</title> (1997)

A series of composite materials of varying compositions based on a high temperature resistance engineering thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer and particulate aluminium nitride (AlN) were compounded at relatively low temperature using a co-rotating twin screw extruder/compounder equipped with the segmented screws. The compounded composites are injection molded into different shapes, i.e., dumbbell, rectangular bar and cylindrical disk, for various physical and mechanical tests. In particular, detailed study was carried out to understand the effect of AlN on the dielectric constant, thermal conductivity and thermal expansion behavior of these materials. Results have shown that the thermal conductivity steadily increases with AlN filler concentration. An increase by about 80 percent in thermal conductivity of the composite materials is achieved as compared to the unfilled polymer. The dielectric constants of these composites were found to increase with filer content and range from 3.6 to 5.0 at 1 kHz and 3.0 to 4.2 at 10 MHz. Substantial reductio in thermal expansion coefficient was also achieved in the composite materials. Attempt has been made to correlate the experimental data with composite theories.
Ebola virus glycoprotein stimulates IL-18–dependent natural killer cell responses (2020)

BACKGROUNDNK cells are activated by innate cytokines and viral ligands to kill virus-infected cells. These functions are enhanced during secondary immune responses and after vaccination by synergy with effector T cells and virus-specific antibodies. In human Ebola virus infection, clinical outcome is strongly associated with the initial innate cytokine response, but the role of NK cells has not been thoroughly examined.METHODSThe novel 2-dose heterologous Adenovirus type 26.ZEBOV (Ad26.ZEBOV) and modified vaccinia Ankara-BN-Filo (MVA-BN-Filo) vaccine regimen is safe and provides specific immunity against Ebola glycoprotein, and is currently in phase 2 and 3 studies. Here, we analyzed NK cell phenotype and function in response to Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo vaccination regimen and in response to in vitro Ebola glycoprotein stimulation of PBMCs isolated before and after vaccination.RESULTSWe show enhanced NK cell proliferation and activation after vaccination compared with baseline. Ebola glycoprotein-induced activation of NK cells was dependent on accessory cells and TLR-4-dependent innate cytokine secretion (predominantly from CD14+ monocytes) and enriched within less differentiated NK cell subsets. Optimal NK cell responses were dependent on IL-18 and IL-12, whereas IFN-γ secretion was restricted by high concentrations of IL-10.CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrates the induction of NK cell effector functions early after Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo vaccination and provides a mechanism for the activation and regulation of NK cells by Ebola glycoprotein.TRIAL REGISTRATIONClinicalTrials.gov NCT02313077.FUNDINGUnited Kingdom Medical Research Council Studentship in Vaccine Research, Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking, EBOVAC (grant 115861) and Crucell Holland (now Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V.), European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme and European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (EFPIA).
Developing Saps R/3 Applications with Abap/4 with CD-ROM (1996)

From the Publisher:
Developing SAP's R/3 Applications with ABAP/4 is the official and complete guide to the ABAP/4 programming language. Written by two ABAP/4 developers at SAP, this book is required reading for programmers, consultants, and IS managers who are using the R/3 system now, or evaluating it for purchase. Understand language basics, report-writing, and transaction-writing. Comprehensive, straightforward coverage shows you how to write code, build screens and window interfaces, create Dictonary definitions, produce library functions, and design your own client/server applications. Harness the power and flexibility of the ABAP/4 language. Use the ABAP/4 Development Workbench. Understand elementary and dynamic language constructs. Manipulate database tables, internal tables, and their interaction. Build data retrieval programs with Logical Databases. Create dialog programs. Use Remote Function Call (RFC) and OLE Automation to share data with commercial software. You'll also find valuable coding examples, a thorough exploration of the ABAP/4 QUERY function, a discussion of teamworking methods in the distributed environment, and an explanation of R/3 system architecture.
EFFECTS OF INCREMENT SIZE AND REINFORCER VOLUME ON PROGRESSIVE RATIO PERFORMANCE (1963)

The progressive ratio schedule requires the subject to emit an increasing number of responses for each successive reinforcement. Eventually, the response requirement becomes so large that the subject fails to respond for a period of 15 min and thereby terminates the session. This point is arbitrarily defined as the "breaking point" of the subject's performance. The measure is quantified in terms of the number of responses in the final completed (i.e., reinforced) ratio run of the session. Previous work has shown that this measure varies as a function of several motivational variables and may thus be useful as an index of reinforcement strength. The present study is an extension of that work. The subjects were four rats. In the first experiment, the effects of the size of the increment by which each ratio run increased were studied. In two additional experiments, the volume of a liquid reinforcer was varied using both large and small ratio increments. The results indicate that the number of responses in the final completed ratio run increases as a function of the size of the ratio increment. However, the number of reinforcements obtained by the animals per session declines sharply. When large ratio increments are used, the number of responses in the final ratio increases as a function of the volume of the reinforcer, but when small increments are used, progressive satiation results in a decline in performance with the larger volumes of liquid.
Knowledge, capital formation and innovation behaviour in a spatial context (2004)

In a shrinking and increasingly globalised world, it is vital for any entrepreneur to carefully select the location at which production or other economic activities will occur. This book provides a theoretical and empirical analysis of entrepreneurial behaviour in a spatial context, and links it to important new fields in economics such as endogenous growth theory, the new economic geography and evolutionary theory.
A compact fibre-optic gyroscope by use of an optical Bragg cell (1984)

A descriptive analysis is given of a fibre-optic rotation-sensing system that incorporates an optical Bragg cell as a multipurpose component. The Bragg cell simplifies the fibre-optic system and yields two output signals being out of phase that produce a differential output for improvement of the signal-to-noise ratio. Performance characteristics have been verified experimentally.
New Parameter-Insensitive Observer-based Control Methods for Combined Source Voltage Harmonics and Unbalance Disturbances in PWM Voltage-Source Converters (2009)

In this paper, computationally-efficient sinusoidal disturbance estimation and elimination methods are introduced into the control of an active front end (AFE) voltage-source converter (VSC) to achieve effective disturbance rejection in high-power systems with slower PWM switching frequencies (e.g., 5 kHz) and limited current controller bandwidth. Since the active rectifier is in series with the source and the load, there is no need to add additional hardware for harmonic elimination. The input positive- and negative-sequence voltages are extracted using the new observer methods and negative-sequence currents are injected to eliminate the dc link 120 Hz ripple. The observer-based disturbance rejection methods are proven to be very effective when all three types of disturbances (input voltage harmonics, unbalance, and inductor unbalance) co-exist simultaneously, even under input inductance variations of 30%. Simulation results are verified experimentally using a 15 hp adjustable-speed drive (ASD) system that includes an AFE-VSC coupled to a dSpace controller.
Projeto de uma matriz integrada de fototransistores (1990)

Orientador: Vitor Baranauskas
Safe box cloud authentication using TLS extesion (2015)

Although the great success and the popularity of Cloud computing, an important number of challenges and threats are inherent to this new computing paradigm. One of the serious challenges in Cloud service architecture is managing authentication. Our goal in this paper is to present a flexible authentication solution based on TLS standard and asynchronous one time password mechanism. Our purpose is to be as close as possible to the TLS standard treatment and calculation of different security settings. The addition of a strong password (HOTP) preserves a maximum of operational reliability to TLS protocol. We also offer the same strength client authentication method as digital certificate. In this paper we will also demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed framework as an authentication alternative in case of private Safe Box Cloud Service.