gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Well-Defined, Model Long Chain Branched Polyethylene. 2. Melt Rheological Behavior (2002)

In this paper, we examine the melt rheology of well-defined, model polymers where the long chain branching (LCB) is precisely known from the synthesis. All of these are made by the hydrogenation of polybutadiene, but they vary greatly in the level and type of LCB present. We find that all polymers that have LCB show a greater degree of shear thinning than linear chains. This applies both to those with a single branch (stars) and also to those with multiple branches per chain (such as combs). However, only molecules with multiple branches induce extensional thickening in a sample. Only a small amount of these comblike molecules, on the order of 5%, are needed to show this effect. We also show here how a new method of treating the shear data, the so-called Van Gurp−Palmen analysis, can give a more easily interpreted form of the results that can reveal the length and amount of branches in a sample. The insights generated from this work show the importance of access to well-defined polymers with several kinds of branching architecture for the development of a deeper understanding of polymer rheology.
Synthesis and crystal structure of the dimer {Li2(THF)2[C24H14](SiMe3)2}2: an example of a Li-Cp-Li-Cp supersandwich (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and crystal structure of the dimer {Li2(THF)2[C24H14](SiMe3)2}2: an example of a Li-Cp-Li-Cp supersandwichDennis Malaba, Lee Chen, Claire A. Tessier, and Wiley J. YoungsCite this: Organometallics 1992, 11, 3, 1007–1009Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00039a001https://doi.org/10.1021/om00039a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views97Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Investigation of Flow Topology and Aerodynamic Bifurcation for Aircraft with Vented Strakes (2004)

Three wind tunnel experiments were conducted to investigate flow topology changes associated with several vented strake aircraft configurations. Abrupt changes in the force and moment data for the vents-open configurations indicated that a flow bifurcation occurred at angles of attack between approximately 15 and 20 degrees. In order to characterize the flow topologies of the vents-open and vents-closed configurations, balance, oil flow, and laser sheet flow visualization data were gathered and analyzed. A key off-body flow topology change due to opening the strake vents is that the flow through the vents moves the powerful strake vortex up off the wing and creates a secondary vortical structure that diverts inboard the strake vortex trajectory. An important on-body flow topology change that accompanies the bifurcation for the vents-open configurations is the migration of reverse flow from the midboard section of the wing onto the outer wing. This region of reverse flow stems from the flow through the open strake vents and the resulting trajectory change of the strake vortices. Furthermore, at angles of attack consistent with the aerodynamic bifurcation reverse flow from the midboard portion of the wing interacts with a vortex on the outer wing that creates a large degree of unsteadiness and an abrupt loss of lift on the outer wing. These topological changes result in flow asymmetries consistent with wing drop observed in early developmental flight tests for a vents-open pre-production Super Hornet configuration.
Flexibility in the phosphorylase catalytic reaction. Glucosyltransfer from pyridoxal (5')-triphospho(1)-alpha-D-glucose to glycogen catalyzed by phosphorylase. (1987)

When rabbit muscle phosphorylase reconstituted with pyridoxal (5')-diphospho(1)-alpha-D-glucose is incubated with glycogen, its glucosyl moiety is transferred to the nonreducing end of glycogen with the formation of a new alpha-1,4-glucosidic linkage. This finding provided the first evidence for the direct phosphate-phosphate interaction between the coenzyme pyridoxal 5'-phosphate and the substrate alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate in the phosphorylase catalytic reaction (Takagi, M., Fukui, T., and Shimomura, S. (1982) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 79, 3716-3719). We have examined whether pyridoxal(5')triphospho(1)-alpha-D-glucose can act in a similar manner to the diphospho compound or not. In the absence of glucan the enzyme-bound triphospho compound was stable for 1 day at pH 6-9. In the presence of glucan, however, its glucosidic linkage was cleaved, and the glucosyl moiety liberated was transferred to glycogen with the formation of a new alpha-1,4-glucosidic linkage. Allosteric activator AMP accelerated the reaction and allosteric inhibitor glucose 6-phosphate showed the reverse effect. The pH optimum of the reaction was pH 8.1-8.4. Mg2+ slightly but significantly accelerated the reaction, whereas Mn2+ and Ca2+ inhibited the reaction. These results indicate that the glucosyltransfer from the triphospho compound occurs in an identical manner to that from the diphospho compound. Based on the present and previous data, we discuss the catalytic mechanism of phosphorylase, especially in comparison with that of phosphoryltransferases.
RT-18 * TARGETING MPS1 ENHANCES RADIOSENSITIZATION OF HUMAN GLIOBLASTOMA BY MODULATING DNA REPAIR PROTEINS (2014)

During the cell cycle, genomic stability requires accurate chromosome segregation. Errors in this process can cause aneuploidy, leading to tumorigenesis. To ensure faithful chromosome segregation, cells use the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) mechanism. However, in aneuploid cancer cells components of the SAC machinery are frequently altered. Thus, targeting the components of SAC machinery required for the growth of aneuploid cells may thus offer a cancer cell specific therapeutic approach. Monopolar spindle 1 (MPS1) is an essential SAC kinase involved in determining spindle integrity. MPS1 is overexpressed in a wide range of tumors and is required for tumor cell proliferation; there is thus increased interest in targeting MPS1 for cancer treatment. In this study, we have analyzed the mechanistic basis of the effects of inhibiting MPS1 in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). We show that the inhibition of MPS1 in conjunction with radiation reduces GBM cell growth, and clonogenic survival and that this is associated with mitotic cell arrest and induction of mitotic catastrophe. MNS-P715 not alone, but along with fractionated doses of radiation significantly enhanced the tumor growth delay. Using gene expression profiling of GBM cells in which MPS1 was silenced we identified altered expression of genes associated with DNA damage, DNA repair, and DNA replication, including PRKDC, the DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNAPK). Inhibition of MPS1 blocked two important DNA repair pathways, non-homologous end joining and homologous recombination. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating a role for MPS1 in DNA repair. Data mining of publically available databases showed the clinical relevance of MPS1 as an important cancer target in GBM. We conclude that inhibiting MPS1 kinase in combination with DNA damage, including irradiation, could represent a promising new approach to cancer therapy.
The Proinflammatory Cytokine Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Increases the Amount of Glucose Transporter-4 at the Surface of Muscle Cells Independently of Changes in Interleukin-6 (2007)

TNFalpha is a proinflammatory cytokine secreted by macrophages in response to bacterial infection. Recently new evidence has emerged suggesting that stressed or injured myocytes produce TNFalpha that then acts as an autocrine and/or paracrine mediator. TNFalpha receptors types 1 and 2 are present in skeletal muscle cells, and muscle cells can secrete, in addition to TNFalpha, other cytokines such as IL-1beta or IL-6. Furthermore, the plasma concentration of TNFalpha is elevated in insulin-resistant states associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes. Here we show that TNFalpha increased the amount of glucose transporter (GLUT)-4 at the plasma membrane and also glucose uptake in the L6 muscle cell line stably expressing GLUT4 tagged with the c-myc epitope. Regardless of the state of differentiation of the L6 cells, TNFalpha did not affect the rate of proliferation or of apoptosis. The stimulatory effects of TNFalpha on cell surface GLUT4 and glucose uptake were blocked by nuclear factor-kappaB and p38MAPK pathway specific inhibitors (Bay 11-7082 and SB220025), and these two pathways were stimulated by TNFalpha. Furthermore, although TNFalpha increased IL-6 mRNA and protein expression, IL-6 did not mediate the effects of TNFalpha on cell surface GLUT4 levels, which also did not require de novo protein synthesis. The results indicate that TNFalpha can stimulate glucose uptake in L6 muscle cells by inducing GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane, possibly through activation of the nuclear factor-kappaB and p38MAPK signaling pathways and independently of the production of IL-6.
A dual modular multilevel converter with shared capacitor sub-module for MV open-end stator winding machine drives (2018)

This paper proposes a new dual modular multilevel converter (MMC) topology as a medium-voltage drive for adjustablespeed applications incorporating open-end stator winding machines. A novel concept of sharing one capacitor between each two adjacent-arm sub-modules (SMs) of MMC phaselegs, operating with out-of-phase modulation, is realized through new SM arrangement. This concept allows the MMC to utilize half the number of the SM capacitors, compared to a traditional MMC topology. Additionally, the sizing requirement of the shared capacitor is diminished, which significantly reduces the volume of the drive system and its stored energy. The switching scheme of the shared capacitor between two oppositely modulated SMs eliminates the problem of capacitor wide voltage fluctuations, independent of the operating frequency. Further, the proposed MMC can efficiently operate at near zero frequency, therefore a machine speed-range from zero speed to the rated speed is possible under rated torque operating condition. The proposed MMC topology is elucidated in detail, and its effective performance is verified through simulation.
Gold Catalysis: Mild Conditions for the Transformation of Alkynyl Epoxides to Furans (2004)

Abstract Gold(III) chloride catalyzes the isomerization of alkynyl epoxides to furans under mild conditions. Additional functional groups like hydroxy groups or aryl bromides do not need to be protected.
Computational Models of Auditory Function (2001)

This volume provides state-of-the-art summary chapters on computational modelling of auditory processing, including cochlear function, binaural mechanisms, pitch perception, periodicity analysis, speech processing and auditory scene analysis. The chapters describe computational modles germane to these functional processing, as well as background material describing the significance of these modles for understanding the physiological, anatomical and perceptual bases of hearing function.
An Elastic Pouch Operation for Large Retinal Tears (1979)

An episcleral pouch operation that uses Dacron-reinforced silicone sheeting for the patch and silicone sponge pellets for the stuffing has been used to extend the localized radial buckling technique to retinal detachments that are caused by breaks that span a circumferential arc between 40 degrees and 70 degrees. Nineteen of 20 retinal detachments responded favorably to the operation, 14 without drainage of subretinal fluid. When the pouch was extended circumferentially to apply to detachments caused by breaks greater than 70 degrees, it failed in six of seven patients because a radial configuration could no longer be maintained. The substitution of transparent silicone sheeting for donor sclera facilitates the fitting and stuffing of the pouch.
Active damping of free-rotor gyroscopes during initial spin-up (1970)

Covers advancements in spacecraft and tactical and strategic missile systems, including subsystem design and application, mission design and analysis, materials and structures, developments in space sciences, space processing and manufacturing, space operations, and applications of space technologies to other fields.
Inhibition of tumor growth correlates with the expression level of a human angiostatin transgene in transfected B16F10 melanoma cells. (1999)

Although the therapeutic value of angiostatin, a proteolytic fragment of plasminogen, has been recognized for the treatment of cancer, the production of bioactive angiostatin remains a difficult task. Here we report that expression of a cDNA encoding a secreted, four-kringle human angiostatin inhibited tumor growth of B16F10 melanoma cells in mice but did not suppress tumor cell growth in culture. After transfection and selection, stable expression of the angiostatin cDNA was demonstrated in several B16F10 clones by quantitative mRNA analysis using the Taqman method. Cells that expressed angiostatin at either a low, medium, or high level were injected into C57BL/6 mice. s.c. Growth of B16F10 tumors was diminished by the angiostatin transgene, and the inhibition was directly proportional to the expression level of angiostatin in the transfected cells. However, suppression of s.c. tumor growth was transient, and eventually, tumors emerged with a strongly decreased expression of the transgene. Angiostatin expression also reduced lung metastasis from i.v.-injected B16F10 cells. Our data indicate that a cDNA encoding bioactive human angiostatin is potentially useful for gene therapy of human cancers, but the delivery of the transgene may require repeated dosing to achieve sustained dormancy of primary tumors and cancer metastases.
Observation of Coherent Transient Birefringence in C<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">S</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>Vapor (1975)

We have observed short-duration birefringence in C${\mathrm{S}}_{2}$ vapor 38 and 76 psec after excitation with a mode-locked (\ensuremath{\sim} 5 psec duration) 1.06-\ensuremath{\mu}m glass: ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}$ laser pulse. These bursts are attributed to the time evolution of a coherent sum of rotational superposition states.
Fetal nuchal translucency: ultrasound screening for fetal trisomy in the first trimester of pregnancy (1994)

The risk of fetal trisomy can be derived by combining maternal age and fetal nuchal translucency thickness at 10 to 13 weeks of gestation. It is predicted that for a false positive rate of 5%, the sensitivity of the new method of screening would be at least 85%, which compares favourably with the respective 20 to 30% and 50 to 60% of screening based on maternal age alone or the combination of maternal age with maternal serum biochemistry.
Multiphase starter generator for 48V mini-hybrid powertrain: Design and testing (2014)

The paper focuses on the design and experimental test results of a belt driven starter generator for 48V mini hybrid powertrains. The functionalities required to the system are the engine start up, launch assistant torque, regenerative braking, battery charging and early fuel cut off. The cost effective electrical machine must provide high starting torque and wide constant power range both in motor and generator mode. The authors outline the motivation of the electrical machine topology selection in relation to the specification and constraints. In particular, a double three-phase induction machine has been selected as the suitable candidate. Details of the machine design are presented including a study on multi-layers bar stator windings. Finally, predicted and measured performance of the prototype are reported and discussed.
Effects of Indomethacin and Prostaglandin Injections on Plasma Prolactin and Growth Hormone Levels in Rats* (1978)

Ovariectomized (OVX) rats were injected with estradiol benzoate (Eb, 2 μg sc) and 2 days later their plasma PRL and GH titers were determined in jugular blood samples drawn through an indwelling silastic cannula at 1- to 2-h intervals from 1000–1600 h. PRL was low in the morning and increased in the afternoon. Control OVX rats treated with oil did not show such an increase. Although Eb increased basal GH levels, plasma GH varied in a pulsatile manner in both OVX and OVX, Eb-treated rats. Indomethacin (Id), an inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis administered 24 h before blood sampling, depressed the Ebinduced PRL release and the pulsatile GH release in a dose-related manner. Intraventricular injection of nine different prostaglandins (PGs) and two endoperoxide analogs in conscious, free-moving OVX, Eb-treated rats revealed that only PGEi released PRL and that both PGE1 and PGE2 released GH within 15 min of their injection. When [3H]PGE2 was injected intraventricularly < 3% of the injected radioactivity was found in the pituitary, 5, 10, and 15 min after injection. Intraventricular injection of PGE1 or PGE2 in Id-treated rats increased plasma GH levels as much as in control rats. In the case of PRL, the increase was much more pronounced. Plasma PRL levels were not only elevated by PGE1 but also by PGE2, which had been ineffective in rats not treated with Id. Id-treated rats also showed a striking increase in plasma PRL after the iv injection of PGEi. This increased PRL response to PGs seemed to reside at a pituitary level because the PRL response to TRH was also enhanced in Id-treated rats. By contrast, pituitary GH response to TRH was blunted by Id treatment. The results suggest that hypothalamic PGE1 and PGE2 may be physiological components of the mechanisms responsible for estrogen-induced PRL release and for pulsatile GH secretion in the rat. (Endocrinology102: 531, 1978)
Zastosowanie nowego terpolimeru akrylowego do regulacji filtracji zaczynu uszczelniającego (2019)

Wydawnictwo SIGMA-NOT wydaje czasopisma fachowe informujące swoich czytelników o najnowszych osiągnięciach naukowych i nowoczesnych rozwiązaniach technicznych w Polsce i na świecie, popularyzuje problemy techniczne oraz poszerza wiedzę i kulturę techniczną.
A technique of myocardial protection during aorto-coronary bypass in high-risk patients. (1984)

In the authors' opinion, profound myocardial hypothermia is imperative in myocardial protection while the aorta is cross-clamped. They based their own protection method, beside using a single dose of crystalloid cardioplegic solution, on very efficient topical cooling, by which myocardial temperature is reduced to below 15 degrees C. Very efficient topical cooling is achieved by a high flow (2 l/min) of continuously cooled fluid (0 degrees C- +2 degrees C). The great temperature-reducing capacity of the cooling system is due to 10-15 metres long metal coil tubing which is immersed in an ice-salt cold bath. The water pump placed in the bath makes heat exchange even more efficient. The described method of myocardial protection with stable profound myocardial hypothermia safely prolongs the ischaemic time during operation to more than two hours.
Generalized PCRTT Offline Bandwidth Smoothing Based on SVM and Systematic Video Segmentation (2009)

As a trade-off technique, bandwidth smoothing can reduce the client buffer requirements and simultaneously keep transmission scheme as smooth as possible. In this paper, bandwidth smoothing is formulated into a binary classification problem of the underflow and overflow points. We propose a novel method to solve that problem based on support vector machine (SVM). Our method is proven to be able to achieve the minimum buffer requirements of constant rate transmission and transport. Furthermore, it directly computes the transmission rate without exhaustively searching buffer size and startup delay. Besides this method, this paper provides a systematic video segmentation algorithm, which can intelligently partition the playback curve into some unequal segments to naturally track the trends of playback curve. The smoothing results with the playback curve of <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">y</i> = <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</i> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</sup> demonstrate that this video systematic segmentation requires smaller than half of the buffer of the equal segmentation algorithm. Finally, we construct a generalized piecewise constant rate transmission and transport algorithm with SVM and the systematic video segmentation method. The experiments of some real MPEG4 and H.264 video data confirmed the efficiency of our proposed algorithm.
ChemInform Abstract: Progress in Carbonylative‐Heck Reactions of Aryl Bromides: Catalysis and DFT Studies. (2011)

Abstract Cinnamylpalladium/PPh 3 is found to be an inexpensive and convenient catalyst system for the coupling of aryl bromides with styrenes in the presence of CO to give chalcones (22 examples).
Beige Can Be Slimming (2010)

Prostaglandins promote the development of thermogenic beige fat in mice and may be a therapeutic approach to treat obesity.
Chondroprotective Effects of Cinnamomum cassia Blume in a Rat Model of Osteoarthritis (2013)

The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Cinnamomum cassia Blume (CC) extract on the repair of damaged cartilage in a rat model of osteoarthritis (OA) by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) and medial meniscus resection (MMx). Forty-eight rats were assigned to six groups (n = 8 per group): sham as negative control (NC), positive control (PC), diclofenac sodium (DS, 2 mg/kg), CC 25 mg/kg, CC 50 mg/kg and CC 100 mg/kg groups. Treatments were 12 weeks from 7 days after ACLT + MMx. Loss of cartilage and joint instability were significantly reduced in response to treatment with CC or DS compared to the PC (p < 0.05). CC significantly ameliorated cartilage degradation in a dose-dependent manner as assessed by histological findings (p < 0.01). A reduction in the severity of structural changes and a dose-dependent increase in Safranin-O staining intensity were observed in CC treatments, indicating that cartilage degradation was inhibited. Although DS did not affect the increase in active caspase-3 and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-induced apoptosis during the progression of OA, cells reactive to these apoptotic markers were decreased significantly by CC (p < 0.05). However, treatments with CC or DS did not influence the uptake of 5-bromo-2’-deoxyuridine. The findings suggest that CC can exert a chondroprotective action on OA through anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties.