gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isothiocyanates as Cancer Chemopreventive Agents: Their Biological Activities and Metabolism in Rodents and Humans (2002)

Isothiocyanates (ITCs) are a group of naturally occurring compounds that occur as thioglucoside conjugates, termed glucosinolates, in plants and cruciferous vegetables such as watercress, Brussels sprouts, broccoli, cabbage, kai choi, kale, horseradish, radish and turnip. ITCs inhibit the development of tumors in many of the experimental models investigated, and are being investigated as possible chemopreventive agents for specific human cancers. The goal of this review is to provide a mechanistic understanding for the biological activities of ITCs and to relate the metabolism of ITCs to their action as chemopreventive agents. In vivo animal studies have been conducted to address issues of tissue disposition, pharmacokinetics, and metabolism of ITCs. Methods for analysis of ITCs and their metabolites in urine and plasma have been developed. The metabolism of several naturally occurring ITCs as constituents of foodstuffs or as drugs has also been investigated in human studies. Finally, based on recent epidemiological studies, the role of dietary consumption of vegetables containing ITCs in prevention of human cancers and human cancer susceptibility is discussed.
Promising HE for explosive welding of thin metallic foils (2012)

Experimental results are presented on the development of a high explosive (HE) suitable for the welding of thin metallic foils. The explosive is formed from a mixture of brisant HE (RDX or PETN) and an inert material, namely sodium bicarbonate. Sodium bicarbonate releases a rather large quantity of gas during decomposition, the effects of which are discussed. Measurements of detonation velocity and critical thickness for specific mixture combinations are presented. It is shown that particle size (of the RDX or PETN component) has a significant effect upon detonation velocity and critical thickness. Compositions were developed which have a stable detonation velocity ~2 km/s with a layer thickness ~ 2 mm.
Impact of the gene expressions of thymidylate synthase and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase on survival in patients enrolled in the ACTS-GC study. (2012)

52 Background: The efficacy of 5-FU-based therapy is basically related to the expression of enzymes involved in pyrimidine metabolism, such as thymidylate synthase (TS), dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), thymidine phosphorylase (TP) and orotate phosphoribosyltransferase (OPRT). Biomarker analysis was conducted to evaluate the influence of these expressions on the outcomes of patients enrolled in the ACTS-GC study, a randomized phase III trial, which demonstrated the efficacy of adjuvant treatment with S-1 after D2 dissection for stage II and III gastric cancer (Sakuramoto et al., NEJM 2007) Methods: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens were available for 829 of a total of 1,059 (78.3%) patients. Expressions of TS, DPD, TP and OPRT were measured by RT-PCR in macrodissected tumor specimens and normalized to β-actin expression as the reference gene. The expression levels of each gene were categorized as low or high at the 33.3rd or 66.7th percentile. If the p-value of the interaction was less than 0.1, statistical significance was assumed. Results: Expressions of the 4 genes were quantifiable in 97% of the 829 specimens and the distributions were balanced across the arms. The hazard ratio (HR) for overall survival (OS) of S-1 to surgery alone was smaller in the high-TS (highest one-third) (HR, 0.370; 95%CI, 0.221-0.619) than in the low-TS group (lower two-thirds) (HR, 0.757; 95%CI, 0.563-1.018). This interaction between TS expression and OS was statistically significant (p=0.015). Similarly, the HR for OS of S-1 to surgery alone was smaller in the high-DPD (higher two-thirds) (HR, 0.520; 95%CI, 0.376-0.720) than in the low-DPD group (lowest one-third) (HR, 0.848; 95%CI, 0.563-1.276). This interaction (p=0.065) was also statistically significant. There was no interaction between the TP or OPRT expression and OS. Conclusions: This large biomarker study showed that intratumoral TS and DPD gene expressions may be predictive markers of the efficacy of S-1 in gastric cancer patients receiving postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1.
β2 Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor availability in post-traumatic stress disorder (2008)

Availability of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors containing beta2 subunits (beta2-nAChRs) was studied in unmedicated, symptomatic patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and healthy control subjects, all current non-smokers. A subgroup of participants had a history of smoking. Availability of beta2-nAChRs in the mesiotemporal cortex, prefrontal cortex, thalamus and striatum was determined using the radiotracer [123I]5-IA-85380 ([123I]5-IA) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). PTSD symptoms were assessed using the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS). Never-smoking PTSD patients compared to never-smoking healthy controls showed significantly higher [123I]5-IA binding in the mesiotemporal cortex (ANOVA: F=6.21, d.f.=1, 11, p=0.030). Among all PTSD patients, there was a significant correlation between the re-experiencing symptom cluster and thalamic [123I]5-IA binding (R2=0.66, p=0.019, Bonferroni corrected). These findings not only suggest an involvement of beta2-nAChRs in the pathophysiology of PTSD but also raise the possibility that this receptor may be a novel molecular target for drug development.
Lethal cardiac and cerebral toxoplasmosis in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia after successful allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. (1984)

Une observation: greffe de moelle du pere du malade (HLA-identique et negatif en culture mixte) lors de la 2eme remission d'une leucemie. Preparation par cyclophosphamide et irradiation, traitement ensuite par methotrexate puis trimethoprim-sulfomethoxazole. Prise de la greffe, mais a partir du 34eme jour troubles hepatiques, fievre, puis troubles neurologiques. Mort par toxoplasmose cerebrale et cardiaque, diagnostic post-mortem seulement. On souligne le danger du a la difficulte du diagnostic de la toxoplasmose (normalement curable) chez les malades sous immunodepresseurs
Ferrioxamine Iron in Rabbit Reticulocyte Heme Synthesis (1970)

Abstract Ferrioxamine B, a naturally occurring sideramine, serves as an iron transport agent and iron donor for heme synthesis in micro organisms. It is unable to effectively replace transferrin in iron delivery for rabbit reticulocyte hemoglobin formation.
MULTICLASS QUEUE: FCFS SERVICE (2002)

We consider an infinite capacity buffer where the incoming fluid traffic belongs to K different types modulated by K independent Markovian on-off processes. The kth input process is described by three parameters: (0k, Ik, rk), where 1/k is the mean off time, 1/#Ik is the mean on time, and rk is the constant peak rate during the on time. The buffer empties the fluid at rate c according to a first come first served (FCFS) discipline. The output process of type k fluid is neither Markovian, nor on-off. We approximate it by an on-off process by defining the process to be off if no fluid of type k is leaving the buffer, and on otherwise. We compute the mean on time Trn and mean off time roff We approximate the peak output rate by a constant rI so as to conserve the fluid. We approximate the output process by the three parameters (X, 4, rko), where ? = 1/t?ff, and j4 = 1/r n. In this paper we derive methods of computing rn, rko and rk for k = 1, 2,..., K. They are based on the results for the computation of expected reward in a fluid queueing system during a first passage time. We illustrate the methodology by a numerical example. In the last section we conduct a similar output analysis for a standard M/G/1 queue with K types of customers arriving according to independent Poisson processes and requiring independent generally distributed service times, and following a FCFS service discipline. For this case we are able to get analytical results.
Effects of 2‐ and 4‐ hydroxybiphenyl on cultures of the red tide organism <i>Ptychodiscus brevis</i> (1981)

Abstract 4‐Hydroxybiphenyl and 2‐hydroxybiphenyl are major and minor metabolites, respectively, in mammals and a number of fungi. Both compounds were tested against cultures of the red tide organism Ptychodiscus brevis (formerly Gymnodinium breve). The LD50 value for 4‐hydroxybiphenyl is slightly lower than 2‐hydroxybiphenyl. The value for either is between 1–2 ppm under the conditions of the assay, i.e. extent of lysis within a 20‐hour period. Both substances appear to exhibit a saturation effect above 2 ppm.
Three-Dimensional Film-Cooled Vane CFD Simulations and Preliminary Comparison to Experiments (2011)

Reynolds-Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are conducted using the Wilcox k-ω turbulence model within a code called LEO on a threedimensional fully film-cooled modern turbine inlet vane called the High Impact Technologies (HIT) Research Turbine Vane (RTV). External flows at operating conditions around the vane and their interaction with film cooling flows from the vane leading edge, pressure side (PS), suction side (SS), trailing edge, and hub and tip endwalls are modeled. The film cooling is modeled using a local source term in the governing equations for the added mass flux at the appropriate locations in the fluid domain along the vane surface. Cooled and uncooled isothermal vane simulations are conducted. Predictions of stream-wise distributions of heat flux and net heat flux reduction (NHFR) at two span locations are provided and compared to vane-only-configuration heat flux data recently obtained in the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) Turbine Research Facility (TRF) short-duration blowdown facility. Details on proper matching of experimental boundary conditions for the CFD simulations are also given in order to provide a validation case for the maturing CFD code. Uncooled and cooled experimental data show appropriate relative trends, as do the uncooled and cooled predictions. However, comparing heat flux data to predictions shows disparities that require further investigation of the cooling modeling technique and appropriate assumptions going into the model.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Photoluminescence of a New Eu‐Doped Sr Containing Sialon (Sr<sub>0.94</sub>Eu<sub>0.06</sub>) (Al<sub>0.3</sub>Si<sub>0.7</sub>)<sub>4</sub> (N<sub>0.8</sub>O<sub>0.2</sub>)<sub>6</sub>. (2012)

Abstract Colorless, transparent platelet single crystals of the new title compound are prepared from mixtures of SrCO 3 , AlN, Si 3 N 4 , SiO 2 , and Eu 2 O 3 (BN crucible, 0.92 MPa N 2 , 1800 °C, 2 h).
The postsynaptic dorsal column pathway mediates cutaneous nociceptive information to cerebellar climbing fibres in the cat. (1991)

1. The location in the spinal cord of the pathway mediating cutaneous nociceptive C fibre input to climbing fibres projecting to the forelimb area of the C3 zone in the cerebellar anterior lobe was investigated in pentobarbitone-anaesthetized cats. Lesions of the spinal cord at the segmental level of C3 sparing the dorsal funiculi (DF preparation) or lesions of the ipsilateral and part of the contralateral dorsal funiculi were made. 2. In the DF preparation, the cutaneous input to climbing fibres projecting to the C3 zone was the same as in cats with an intact spinal cord. Also, the topography of tactile and nociceptive receptive fields and the distribution of A- and C fibre-evoked climbing fibre field potentials was similar to that in cats with an intact spinal cord. 3. In cats with an initially intact spinal cord the cutaneous nociceptive C fibre input and the topographically well organized tactile input to the C3 climbing fibres disappeared following a lesion of the ipsilateral and part of the contralateral dorsal funiculi. Following this lesion the receptive fields of the climbing fibres became indistinct and only irregular responses were evoked on skin stimulation. 4. It is concluded that the cutaneous nociceptive C fibre input from the forelimb to climbing fibres projecting to the C3 zone is mediated by the ipsilateral dorsal funiculus. Since cutaneous C fibres terminate exclusively in the spinal cord close to their entrance zone the postsynaptic dorsal column pathway must be part of this spino-olivocerebellar pathway.
Electron spin resonance of tetrahedral transition metal oxyanions (MO4n-) in solids (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReportNEXTElectron spin resonance of tetrahedral transition metal oxyanions (MO4n-) in solidsM. Greenblatt Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 8, 546Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1980Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 August 1980Published inissue 1 August 1980https://doi.org/10.1021/ed057p546RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views788Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (4 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Molecularly Thin Nitride Sheets Stabilized by Titanium Carbide as Efficient Bifunctional Electrocatalysts for Fiber-Shaped Rechargeable Zinc-Air Batteries (2020)

With the ever-increasing growth in next-generation flexible and wearable electronics, fiber-shaped zinc-air batteries have attracted considerable attention due to their advantages of high energy density and low cost, though their development, however, has been seriously hampered by the unavailability of efficient electrocatalysts. In this work, we designed a trimetallic nitride electrocatalyst in an unusual molecular sheet form, which was stabilized by metallic titanium carbide sheets. Besides the expected elevation in catalytic activity toward the oxygen evolution reaction, the material simultaneously unlocked excellent catalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction with the half-wave potential as small as 0.84 V. A flexible fiber-shaped zinc-air battery, employing the designed electrocatalyst as the air cathode and a gel as the electrolyte, demonstrated an enhanced and durable electrochemical performance, outputting a competitive energy density of 627 Wh kg<sub>zn</sub><sup>-1</sup>. This work opens new avenues for utilizing two-dimensional sheets in future wearable and portable device applications.
A 16b 250MS/s IF-sampling pipelined A/D converter with background calibration (2010)

We present a 16b 250MS/S ADC that employs background calibration of the residue amplifier gain errors. It has an integrated input buffer and is fabricated on a 0.18¿m BiCMOS process. Without the input buffer, the SNR is 77.5dB and the SFDR is 90dB. With the input buffer, the SNR is 76dB and the SFDR is 95dB. The clock jitter is 60fs. The ADC consumes 850mW and the input buffer consumes 150mW.
Theory of A.c. Polarization and A.c. Polarography and Voltammetry of Two-step Surface Redox Reactions (1980)

Abstract Theoretical expressions are presented of the a.c. polarization and of the a.c. polarography and voltammetry for a two-step surface redox reaction (Oad+n1e\ightleftharpoonsSad,Sad+n2e\ightleftharpoonsRad) in which the charge transfer reactions take place exclusively between the adsorbed reactants Oad, Sad, and Rad, and all the reactants are adsorbed so strongly that the amount of O, S, or R brought to or removed from the electrode surface can be neglected. The interaction between the adsorbed reactants is assumed to be expressed by Frumkin’s a-parameters. The effect of the double layer impedance is taken into account. Several simplified cases are discussed in detail.
Turnover and Function of Noncoding RNA Polymerase II Transcripts (2006)

In the past few years, especially since the discovery of RNA interference (RNAi), our understanding of the role of RNA in gene expression has undergone a significant transformation. This change has been brought about by growing evidence that RNA is more complex and transcription more promiscuous than has previously been thought. Many of the new transcripts are of so-called noncoding RNA (ncRNA); i.e., RNA that does not code for proteins such as mRNA, or intrinsic parts of the cellular machinery such as the highly structured RNA components of ribosomes (rRNA) and the small nuclear RNA (snRNA) components of the splicing machinery. It is becoming increasingly apparent that ncRNAs have very important roles in gene expression. This paper focuses on work from our laboratory in which we have investigated the roles and turnover of ncRNA located within the gene pre-mRNA, which we refer to as intragenic ncRNA. Also discussed are some investigations of intergenic ncRNA transcription and how these two classes of ncRNA may interrelate.
Analysis of handwriting individuality using word features (2005)

Analysis of allographs (characters) and allograph combinations(words) is the key for obtaining the discriminatingelements of handwriting. While allographs usually inhabitin words and segregation of a word into allographs ismore subjective than objective, especially for cursive writing,analysis of handwritten words is a natural and betteroption. In this study, a handwritten word image is characterizedby gradient, structural, and concavity features, andindividuality of handwritten words is experimented throughwritership identification and verification on over 12,000word images extracted from 3000 handwriting samples of1000 individuals in U.S.. Experimental results show thathandwritten words are very effective in differentiating handwritingand carry more individuality than most handwrittencharacters (allographs).
Parents and friends both matter: simultaneous and interactive influences of parents and friends on European schoolchildren’s energy balance-related behaviours – the ENERGY cross-sectional study (2014)

Parental and friends norm and modelling are associated with schoolchildren's energy balance-related behaviours. Having family rules or showing favourable parental modelling and norms seems to reduce the potential unfavourable associations of friends' norms and modelling with the EBRBs.
A CONSTRAINT-BASED FURNITURE DESIGN CRITIC (2010)

This paper reports on the Furniture Design Critic. We propose a computational model of design critiquing using the program, which as a research tool helps us explain how to select critiquing methods in the consideration of critiquing conditions. Surveying the literature of architectural education, we have identified two dimensions from critiquing comments: (1) delivery types (interpretation, introduction/reminder, example, demonstration, and evaluation) and (2) communication modalities (written comments, graphical annotations, and images). This paper also presents how the Furniture Design Critic system selects particular methods by considering specific conditions such as the user's knowledge level and the interaction history between the user and the system.
ConsensusDriver improves upon individual algorithms for predicting driver alterations in different cancer types and individual patients – a toolbox for precision oncology (2017)

Abstract Background In recent years, several large-scale cancer genomics studies have helped generate detailed molecular profiling datasets for many cancer types and thousands of patients. These datasets provide a unique resource for studying cancer driver prediction methods and their utility for precision oncology, both to predict driver genetic alterations in patient subgroups (e.g. defined by histology or clinical phenotype) or even individual patients. Methods We performed the most comprehensive assessment to date of 18 driver gene prediction methods, on more than 3,400 tumour samples, from 15 cancer types, to determine their suitability in guiding precision medicine efforts. These methods have diverse approaches, which can be classified into five categories: f unctional i mpact on proteins in general (FI) or specific to c ancer (FIC), c ohort- b ased a nalysis for recurrent mutations (CBA), m utations with e xpression c orrelation (MEC) and methods that use gene i nteraction n etwork-based a nalysis (INA). Results The performance of driver prediction methods varies considerably, with concordance with a gold-standard varying from 9% to 68%. FI methods show relatively poor performance (concordance <22%) while CBA methods provide conservative results, but require large sample sizes for high sensitivity. INA methods, through the integration of genomic and transcriptomic data, and FIC methods, by training cancer-specific models, provide the best trade-off between sensitivity and specificity. As the methods were found to predict different subsets of drivers, we propose a novel consensus-based approach, ConsensusDriver, which significantly improves the quality of predictions (20% increase in sensitivity). This tool can be applied to predict driver alterations in patient subgroups (e.g. defined by histology or clinical phenotype) or even individual patients. Conclusion Existing cancer driver prediction methods are based on very different assumptions and each of them can only detect a particular subset of driver events. Consensus-based methods, like ConsensusDriver, are thus a promising approach to harness the strengths of different driver prediction paradigms.
Written on the Heart (1400)

David Edgar's Written on the Heart is a historical drama about the creation of the King James Bible, commissioned by the Royal Shakespeare Company to mark its four-hundredth anniversary in 2011. It was first performed by the Royal Shakespeare Company in the Swan Theatre, Stratford-upon-Avon, on 27 O
New developments in solid-state extrusion (1981)

Abstract A few developments have been discussed that extend the range of the solid-state extrusion process for processing polymers and polymer morphologies that were difficult to process by conventional solid-state extrusion. The split billet and the push-pull extrusion techniques proceed at faster rates by comparison to the conventional process. When combined they allow the preparation of extrudates of maximum draw ratio that can be obtained under a load equivalent to the tensile strength of the extrudate at the extrusion temperature. The split billet technique as a coextrusion process eliminates various problems associated with the extrusion process. Thus, by adjusting the dimensions of the components the extrusion pressure and the extent of shear flow may be reduced. In the coextrusion of aliphatic polyamides with HDPE the presence of the ammonia plasticizer reduces significantly the load required to deform the polyamides in the solid state.