gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Erase rates in photorefractive materials with two photoactive species: erratum (1984)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text George C. Valley, "Erase rates in photorefractive materials with two photoactive species: erratum," Appl. Opt. 23, 1131-1131 (1984) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Dialkylamino‐2,4‐dihydroxybenzoic Acids as Easily Synthesized Analogues of Platensimycin and Platencin with Comparable Antibacterial Properties (2011)

Function matters more than synthesis: Simple analogues of platensimycin, nanomolar inhibitors of bacterial FabF enzymes, are made in just two-flask reactions from commercially available aldehydes. These readily synthesized analogues are as effective as platensimycin in killing several bacterial strains. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
WCE video clips segmentation based on abnormality (2010)

Wireless Capsule Endoscopy (WCE) is a state-of-the-art technology to examine the entire gastrointestinal tract. Its main disadvantage is long review time for physicians to diagnose diseases, as it will produce over 55,000 frames per patient for one examination. In this paper we propose a novel strategy to segment WCE video clips based on abnormality. The new scheme is based on a non-parametric corner detection method. The k-means clustering is adopted to extract the most representative frames (MRFs) to summarize the video clip. The experiments were performed on the real patient video clips and the results demonstrate that the MRFs consist of frames of interest and abnormalities, such as bleeding, ulcer and tumor.
A Standards-based Computer System To Support Positron-emission Tomographs With List-mode Capability (2005)

A new computer system designed for Posi- tron Emission Tomography (PET) devices that utilize list- mode data acquisition and Time-of-Flight(ToF) information is presented. The approach uses commercially available subsys- tems, all supported by hardware and software industry stan- dards. The host supports a VME-based disk farm that provides inexpensive disk storage operating at high transfer rates capa- ble of easily supporting list-mode data collection. All software development as well as the production environment is suppomd entirely under UNIX. All code development uses the C language. Graphical user interfxes are developed under X-Windows, Version 11. Images and data which are produced by the scanner are easily transferred to other environments via etheme$ link and 'KP/lP. Benchmark results show an increase in list-mode data collection rates, while decreasing the loss associated with the collection protocol. Image reconstruction times are shown to decrease markedly. Overall cost is also decreased. This allows a very flexible approach to system selection, enabling the researcher to choose any standards-based plat- form which provides a satisfactory cost-performance ratio. 1. The Importance of Industry Standards
CCN1 (Cysteine Rich 61-Connective Tissue Growth Factor- Nephroblastoma Overexpressed) and the Expression of Integrins by Bovine Ovarian Follicles. (2012)

The matricellular protein, CCN1, possesses a variety of functions associated with inflammation, angiogenesis, cell proliferation and cancer. We have recently reported that CCN1 (CYR61) mRNA is expressed by granulosa and theca cells of untreated bovine ovarian follicles as well as those collected from cows treated with prostaglandin F2a (PGF). We now report that immunoblotting studies reveal the presence of CCN1 protein in bovine theca tissue. It has previously been reported that the functions of CCN1 are mediated, in part, through its binding to integrins which are membrane-spanning protein receptors know to mediate cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix adhesion. Integrins are composed of an a subunit and a β subunit. There are at least 18 a subunits and 8 β subunits identified to date, each coded by individual genes. The goal of the present study was to assess the expression of a and β integrin subunits by follicular granulosa and theca cells. Ovarian follicles were collected from midcycle dairy cows (control) and at 24 and 48 hrs following a single injection of PGF. The granulosa cells and theca interna were harvested from follicles greater than 10 mm in diameter. Quantitative PCR was performed following generation of cDNA from RNA. Regardless of treatment or cell type, the relative expression of the aV subunit was lower than the a2b and a6 subunits. In addition, there was an upward trend in the expression of the β1, β3 and β5 subunits in granulosa cells of control, 24 and 48 hr post-PGF cows. Notably, the relative expression of the β3 subunit in control, 24 and 48 hr post-PGF theca was significantly greater than in the granulosa cells obtained from respective follicles. Further, our preliminary analyses revealed that the aV and a2b subunits were positively correlated to β5 and β3, respectively, in control granulosa cells; aV and a6 subunits were both positively correlated to the β3 subunit in theca of 24 hr post-PGF cows and a2b was positively correlated to β1 in granulosa of 48 hr post-PGF cows. Since the many functions of CCN1 have been shown to be dependent on the expression of specific integrins, we are in the process of determining which integrin heterodimers are present in theca and granulosa cells in order to investigate their specific roles in mediating the actions of CCN1 during the ovarian follicle-corpus luteum transition. (Supported by NIH grant P01 CA045548 and the Stuart Weitzman Foundation to MAM and the NE1027 Multistate Regional Project to PCWT.)
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND PROTEIN CHARACTERISTICS OF LENTILS (1976)

Chemical and amino acid compositions, protein solubility (Osborn classification), and in vitro protein quality of six genotypes of lentils (Lens culinaris Medik.) were determined. Lentils contained an average of 28.6% protein, 3.1% ash, 4.4% fiber, 0.7% ether extract, 63.1% total carbohydrate (nitrogen-free extract), 44.3% starch and 4,186 kcal/kg of gross energy. Lentil starch contained 36.1% amylose. About one-half (47.1%) of the lentil proteins were soluble in 1.0 M sodium chloride, 3.8% soluble in water, 3.1% soluble in 70% ethanol, and 14.9% soluble in dilute hydrochloric acid. Only 24.0% of the lentil proteins were not solubilized by these solvents. The lentils contained 6.8% of the meal nitrogen as nonprotein nitrogen. The amino acid compositions of the six lentil genotypes were similar. The major amino acids were glutamic acid, aspartic acid, arginine, leucine and lysine; the minor amino acids were methionine, cystine and tryptophan. Because of the lower concentrations of the latter amino acids, lentil proteins gave a chemical score of 35, a protein score of 46, and an essential amino acid index of 63, relative to egg protein.
Effects of molecular interactions on the viscoelastic and plastic behaviour of plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (2003)

Abstract The mechanical behaviour of plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) in the glassy state was revisited in order to provide some understanding of the properties observed on the molecular scale. Nine samples were investigated, consisting either of pure poly(vinyl chloride) or of plasticized formulations including different amounts of di‐octyl phthalate or benzyl butyl phthalate in the range 5–20 wt%. Presence of the additives resulted in the depression of the glass transition temperature, T g , and the main mechanical relaxation temperature, T α , as determined by differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical analysis, respectively. These expected results were related to the plasticizing character of the additives on the long‐range cooperative polymer motions. In addition, a marked reduction of the secondary mechanical relaxation β was observed for additive concentrations equal to or larger than 10 wt%. This antiplasticizing effect was interpreted as the hindrance of main‐chain local polymer motions, due to poly(vinyl chloride)–additive interactions. Occurrence of such interactions was confirmed by mid‐ and near‐infrared measurements. The plastic behaviour of the materials in the glassy state was also examined. Particular attention was paid to the strain‐softening amplitude (difference between yield stress and plastic flow stress), to the percentage of non‐elastic deformation and to the mechanical energy to yield. All these quantities are strongly affected by the chain‐mobility characteristics. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
Probabilistic, modular and scalable inference of typestate specifications (2012)

Static analysis tools aim to find bugs in software that correspond to violations of specifications. Unfortunately, for large and complex software, these specifications are usually either unavailable or sophisticated, and hard to write.
Reversing the Negative Genomic Effects of Aging with Short-Term Calorie Restriction (2001)

According to government figures, total health care spending in the U.S. in 1999 was 1.316 trillion dollars. The government projects an increase in health care costs to 2.176 trillion dollars by 2008. If we project this growth rate to 2020, health care costs will reach 4.009 trillion dollars. Today, people often spend more health care dollars during the last year of their lives than in all previous years combined. Medical treatment in the last few years of life is usually very expensive and often futile. With the baby-boom generation now moving through middle age, the prescription for the U.S. health care system will be disastrous unless we learn how to keep people healthier longer. This dramatic increase in health care costs leaves us with only one acceptable alternative to rationed health care or financial ruin--to discover interventions that make people functionally younger, healthier, and less susceptible to debilitating, age-related diseases.
Channel estimation for time-hopping pulse position modulation ultra-wideband communication systems (2008)

Ultra-wideband (UWB) communication systems are used in indoor environments with dense multi-path characteristics. Therefore channel estimation has an important role in the receiver of these systems. A new approach for data-aided (DA) and non-data-aided (NDA) channel estimation is proposed, which is called the pulse compression (PC) method. This method is useful for UWB systems employing time-hopping pulse position modulation. The PC method requires only some basic operations such as sampling, overlap-add and finite impulse response filtering. The PC method, in both DA and NDA scenarios, in spite of its low complexity, outperforms the maximum-likelihood (ML) method in channel parameters estimation. The bit error rate (BER) of the DA method, in single-user scenario, performs as well as the ML method, and in multi-user scenario, in the worst case, there is only 0.5 dB loss compared with the ML method. In the case of NDA scenario, the proposed method outperforms the NDA-ML method, that is, in the single-user scenario about 4 dB gain at the BER of 10−3 is observed. In multi-user scenario, it outperforms significantly the NDA-ML method, and its performance loss in comparison with the perfect channel knowledge scenario is about 3 dB at the BER of 10−3.
Crystal structure of deglycosylated human IgG4-Fc (2014)

The Fc region of IgG antibodies, important for effector functions such as antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis and complement activation, contains an oligosaccharide moiety covalently attached to each C(H)2 domain. The oligosaccharide not only orients the C(H)2 domains but plays an important role in influencing IgG effector function, and engineering the IgG-Fc oligosaccharide moiety is an important aspect in the design of therapeutic monoclonal IgG antibodies. Recently we reported the crystal structure of glycosylated IgG4-Fc, revealing structural features that could explain the anti-inflammatory biological properties of IgG4 compared with IgG1. We now report the crystal structure of enzymatically deglycosylated IgG4-Fc, derived from human serum, at 2.7Å resolution. Intermolecular C(H)2-C(H)2 domain interactions partially bury the C(H)2 domain surface that would otherwise be exposed by the absence of oligosaccharide, and two Fc molecules are interlocked in a symmetric, open conformation. The conformation of the C(H)2 domain DE loop, to which oligosaccharide is attached, is altered in the absence of carbohydrate. Furthermore, the C(H)2 domain FG loop, important for Fcγ receptor and C1q binding, adopts two different conformations. One loop conformation is unique to IgG4 and would disrupt binding, consistent with IgG4's anti-inflammatory properties. The second is similar to the conserved conformation found in IgG1, suggesting that in contrast to IgG1, the IgG4 C(H)2 FG loop is dynamic. Finally, crystal packing reveals a hexameric arrangement of IgG4-Fc molecules, providing further clues about the interaction between C1q and IgG.
Location of single-stranded and double-stranded regions in rat liver ribosomal 5S RNA and 5.8S RNA (1981)

Rat liver 5S rRNA and 5.8S rRNA were end-labelled with 32P at 5'-end or 3'-end of the polynucleotide chain and partially digested with single-strand specific S1 nuclease and double-strand specific endonuclease from the cobra Naja naja oxiana venom. The parallel use of these two structure-specific enzymes in combination with rapid sequencing technique allowed the exact localization of single-stranded and double-stranded regions in 5S RNA and 5.8 S RNA. The most accessible regions to S1 nuclease in 5S RNA are regions 33-42, 74-78, 102-103 and in 5.8 S RNA 16-20, 26-29, 34-36, 74-80 and a region around 125-130. The cobra venom endonuclease cleaves the following areas in 5S RNA: 7-8, 17-20, 28-30, 49-51, 56-57, 60-64, 69-70, 81-82, 95-97, 106-112. In 5.8S RNA the venom endonuclease cleavage sites are 4-7, 10-13, 21-22, 33-35, 43-45, 51-55, 72-74, 85-87, 98-99, 105-106, 114-115, 132-135. According to these results the tRNA binding sequences proposed by Nishikawa and Takemura [(1974) FEBS Lett. 40, 106-109], in 5S RNA are located in partly single-stranded region, but in 5.8S RNA in double-stranded region.
Structural and Chemical Characterization of Fe-Co Alloys Prepared by Electrodeposition (2001)

We report on several new features of the Fe-Co binary phase diagram in electrodeposited alloys. The different phases are clearly identified using X-ray diffraction experiments. There are significant differences with the equilibrium phase diagram extrapolated at room temperature. The chemical composition and purity of the samples were verified with X-ray photoelectron experiments. © 2001 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
High performance, high yield InP DHBT production process for 40 Gbps applications (2002)

High-speed digital logic is essential in diverse applications such as optical communication, frequency synthesizers, and analog-digital conversion. Current research efforts indicate that technologies utilizing heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) are the preferred approach for systems operating at clock frequencies of 40 GHz and above. This need for higher performance electronics for space and defense applications has driven the development of InP HBTs at TRW. Consistent and continuous improvements from the baseline MBE structure and process technology have enhanced frequency performance, breakdown voltage, producibility, yield, reliability such that InP HBTs are being used successfully for many commercial, space, and defense applications. This paper describes our optimized high-yield production InP DHBT process which simultaneously combines f/sub T/>170 GHz, f/sub max/>190 GHz, and breakdown voltage /spl sim/7 V.
Ca <sub>V</sub> 2.1 P/Q-type calcium channel alternative splicing affects the functional impact of familial hemiplegic migraine mutations: Implications for calcium channelopathies (2009)

Alternative splicing is known to generate multiple functionally distinct calcium channel variants that exhibit unique spatial and temporal expression patterns. In humans, naturally occurring mutations in genes encoding calcium channel pore forming alpha(1)-subunits are associated with several severe hereditary disorders although it remains to be described whether there exists any relationship between the physiological effects of these mutations and calcium channel splice variation. In the present study, we systematically compare the biophysical effects of three type-1 familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM-1) mutations in two predominant splice variants of the neuronal Ca(V)2.1 P/Q-type channel. All three FHM-1 mutations cause a greater hyperpolarizing shift in voltage-dependent properties when expressed in the short carboxyl terminus variant (Ca(V)2.1 Delta47) compared to the long variant (Ca(V)2.1 +47). Furthermore, the FHM-1 mutations also exhibit differential splice variant-specific effects on recovery from inactivation and accumulation of inactivation during tonic and burst firing. Our findings provide important insight concerning the role of calcium channel alternatively spliced variants and the molecular pathophysiology of FHM-1 and potentially of other calcium channelopathies.
Some lower and upper bounds for algebraic decision trees and the separation problem (2003)

The complexity of computing Boolean functions with algebraic decision trees over GF(2) and R is considered. Some lower and upper bounds for algebraic decision trees of various degrees are found. It is shown that over GF(2) decision trees of degree d are more powerful than trees of degree <d. For the case of decision trees over R, it is shown that decision trees of degree >or=n/2-O( square root n log /sup O(1)/n) are more powerful than trees of degree cn, with 0<c<1/2.<<ETX>>
Exploration and Visualization of Very Large Datasets with the Active Data Repository (2001)

The analysis and exploration of scientific datasets is a challenging and increasingly important part of scientific research. Visualization is a powerful analysis tool that converts numerical values into an image, which can be more easily analyzed by a human. We have developed a framework, called the Active Data Repository, that is designed to provide support for applications that analyze, explore and visualize very large multi-dimensional datasets. ADR targets distributed memory parallel machines with one or more disks attached to each node. In this paper, we present implementations of ray-casting based volume rendering and iso-surface rendering methods using ADR for visualizing out-of-core datasets, and describe experimental performance results. (Also cross-referenced as UMIACS-TR-2001-04)
Electrochemical Properties of MCMB Powder Modified by Thermal Plasma Treatment and Mechanical Milling Method as an Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Rechargeable Battery (2004)

Mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB) powders, a kind of synthesized graphite powder, are treated in induction thermal plasmas of high temperature exceeding 10, 000 K and various reactive atmospheres. The plasma-treated powders are compared with mechanical-milled powders in a ball mill. The plasma-treatment and the mechanical-milling do not give rise to the further graphitization. The surface morphology of plasma-treated powders varies depending on plasma treatment atmospheres. The crystallinity difference in the surface region is revealed by Raman spectroscopy. Electrochemical measurements as anode for lithium-ion rechargeable battery are performed in non-aqueous solvents containing 1 M LiClO4. Discharge capacity of the plasma-treated powders is larger than that of original MCMB powder. Especially, the first discharge/charge efficiency of the MCMB powders treated in the atmosphere containing CO2 is higher than that of original MCMB powder. The mechanical-milled powder with the same surface area as plasma-treated powder possesses the lowered first discharge/charge efficiency and discharge capacity. The thermal decomposition reaction of lithiated graphite anodes is also investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). In DSC, the heat generation, which is associated with the formation of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), depends on surface area of MCMB powders.
Big-Data Tensor Recovery for High-Dimensional Uncertainty Quantification of Process Variations (2016)

Fabrication process variations are a major source of yield degradation in the nanoscale design of integrated circuits (ICs), microelectromechanical systems (MEMSs), and photonic circuits. Stochastic spectral methods are a promising technique to quantify the uncertainties caused by process variations. Despite their superior efficiency over Monte Carlo for many design cases, stochastic spectral methods suffer from the curse of dimensionality, i.e., their computational cost grows very fast as the number of random parameters increases. In order to solve this challenging problem, this paper presents a high-dimensional uncertainty quantification algorithm from a big data perspective. Specifically, we show that the huge number of (e.g., 1.5 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">27</sup> ) simulation samples in standard stochastic collocation can be reduced to a very small one (e.g., 500) by exploiting some hidden structures of a high-dimensional data array. This idea is formulated as a tensor recovery problem with sparse and low-rank constraints, and it is solved with an alternating minimization approach. The numerical results show that our approach can efficiently simulate some IC, MEMS, and photonic problems with over 50 independent random parameters, whereas the traditional algorithm can only deal with a small number of random parameters.
Hierarchical multi-label prediction of gene function (2006)

ogt@cs.princeton.edu.
Effect of heat on the conversion of di‐2‐ethylhexyl phthalate to mono‐2‐ ethylhexyl phthalate in human plasma (1981)

Plasma di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), which accumulates during blood storage in plastic bags, gives rise to plasma mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP). This also in plasma samples awaiting analysis, which are no longer stored in plastic bags. Heating plasma samples at 60 C for 25 to 30 minutes in a water bath effectively halts conversion of DEHP to MEHP during subsequent room temperature storage for at least 100 hours. This result is consistent with the view that MEHP accumulation in plasma is due to enzymatic hydrolysis of DEHP by esterase (s) which can be heat-inactivated.
Speech signal analysis using the Wigner distribution (2003)

The concept of the partially smoothed Wigner distribution (WD) for signal analysis is introduced. Correct marginals are positivity ape two desirable but incompatible requirements for bilinear distributions. By sacrificing both these properties, partially smoothed WD can be used to improve the localization of events in time and frequency. Since the resolutions in time and frequency can be specified independently of each other, this is a powerful tool with wide applications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Pyoderma faciale. A review and report of 20 additional cases: is it rosacea? (1992)

We regard it as an extreme form of rosacea and suggest it be renamed rosacea fulminans in analogy with its counterpart, acne fulminans.