gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Is microbial diversity of bovine mammary ecosystem correlated to mastitis susceptibility (2013)

Inflammation and infection of bovine mammary glands, commonly known as mastitis, cause significant losses in the milk industry worldwide. To date, antibiotic treatment is the most common method to treat bovine mastitis. However it has a low cure rate during lactation for many mastitis pathogens, frequently resulting in chronic and recurrent infections. Our group explores new strategies to fight against mastitis. In the recent years, the concept of biological control has emerged as an interesting and sustainable alternative to antibiotics. The MEUH project (Milk Ecosystem and Udder Health) aims at describing bovine mammary microbiota in relation to mastitis sensitivity in cows. Cows were grouped according to their sanitary status over the past 3 years, as defined upon somatic cell counts in milk and clinical examinations. Three groups were defined: healthy, clinical mastitis sensitive, and subclinical mastitis sensitive cows. Samples (foremilk and swab) corresponding to the teat canal microbiota were collected on eight cows for each group. These samples are subjected to metagenomic pyrosequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes (ongoing, plateforme GEF, Rennes). We also plan to include a functional characterization of the bovine mammary microbiota through Illumina sequencing. Expected results include i) the determination of the composition of mammary microbiota according to the sanitary status (identification and proportion of each OTU), ii) the definition of a balanced versus unbalanced microbiota, and iii) the identification of marker species and functions correlated to mastitis susceptibility. These marker species will be further evaluated as candidates for the development of bovine mammary probiotics.
Isosteviol increases insulin sensitivity and changes gene expression of key insulin regulatory genes and transcription factors in islets of the diabetic KKAy mouse (2008)

The results indicate that ISV improves glucose and insulin sensitivity as well as improving the lipid profile and upregulates the gene expression of key beta-cell genes, including insulin regulatory transcription factors.
Results of a Modular Femoral Revision System Before and After Taper Roller Hardening in Total Hip Arthroplasty. (2017)

Results indicate that the taper roller hardening process was successful in improving durability of a modular femoral revision system and reducing frequency of component breakage for patients who require treatment of the deficient femur in complex primary and revision THA.
Sliding mode control of a unity power factor AC-to-DC boost converter (2007)

The subject of the paper is a control scheme that allows achievement of a unity power factor value for a class of power converters commonly addressed as power factor pre- compensators. The primary control objective is to provide a constant level output voltage while keeping a power factor value close to unity, in the presence of unknown parameter uncertainties. Such uncertainties are identified using the sliding mode parameter observer, while the main regulation problem is addressed via the sliding mode control. Numerical simulation is furnished for assessing the performance of the proposed control method.
High coercivity in boron substituted Sm-Co melt-spun magnets (2003)

Summary form only given. The structural and magnetic properties of nanocomposite melt-spun Sm(Co/sub 0.74-x/ Fe/sub 0.1/Cu/sub 0.12/Zr/sub 0.04/B/sub x/)/sub 7.5/ samples, as a function of the wheel speed and annealing conditions are under investigation. In this work we extend the study to higher B substitution range (x=0.005, 0.010, 0.015, 0.025, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05) and report high H/sub c/ values for as-spun ribbons.
A fault tolerant control scheme based on sensor–actuation channel switching and dwell time (2012)

SUMMARY The present paper proposes a switching control scheme for a plant with multiple sensor–estimator/control–actuator pairs. The scheme is shown to handle the specific stability problems originated by the switching between the different feedback loops and accommodate to faults in the measurement (sensors) channels. The main contribution is a fault tolerant switching scheme with stability guarantees assured by a pre‐imposed dwell time. The detection and the fault tolerance capabilities are achieved through the separation of sets associated with suitable residual signals corresponding to healthy and faulty functioning. Another contribution of the paper resides in a recovery technique for the post‐fault reintegration of the biased estimations. This technique makes use of a virtual sensor whose associated estimation, based on an optimization procedure, minimizes the recovery time. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Colorectal Villous and Tubulovillous Adenomas Equal to or Greater than Four Centimeters (1988)

The records of 237 patients treated for benign and malignant villous and tubulovillous adenomas at Roswell Park Memorial Institute from 1963 to 1987 were reviewed. Sixty-five adenomas were greater than or equal to 4 cm and form the basis of this report. Fifteen (23%) were in the cecum, 3 (5%) in the right colon, 1 (1%) in the splenic flexure, 10 (15%) in the sigmoid colon, and 36 (55%) in the rectum. The most common symptoms were rectal bleeding (70%), mucus diarrhea (44%), constipation (22%), and tenesmus (19%). Fifty-five (85%) of these large adenomas contained invasive adenocarcinoma and one in situ carcinoma. Two thirds of invasive carcinomas arose from predominantly villous adenomas and one third from tubulovillous adenomas. Half of all malignant adenomas demonstrated metastases to regional lymph nodes or distant metastases. Seven malignant adenomas (12%) were associated with synchronous adenocarcinomas of the colon, and 29% of malignant adenomas were associated with synchronous adenomatous polyps, principally tubular type. Four of nine benign, large adenomas were associated with synchronous adenomas but with no adenocarcinomas. No relationship was found between the size of the adenoma, location, or Dukes' stage. Though the incidence of in situ and invasive carcinomas is clearly related to the size of the adenoma, a linear relationship could not be demonstrated.
A novel method for predicting and using distance constraints of high accuracy for refining protein structure prediction (2009)

The principal bottleneck in protein structure prediction is the refinement of models from lower accuracies to the resolution observed by experiment. We developed a novel constraints-based refinement method that identifies a high number of accurate input constraints from initial models and rebuilds them using restrained torsion angle dynamics (rTAD). We previously created a Bayesian statistics-based residue-specific all-atom probability discriminatory function (RAPDF) to discriminate native-like models by measuring the probability of accuracy for atom type distances within a given model. Here, we exploit RAPDF to score (i.e., filter) constraints from initial predictions that may or may not be close to a native-like state, obtain consensus of top scoring constraints amongst five initial models, and compile sets with no redundant residue pair constraints. We find that this method consistently produces a large and highly accurate set of distance constraints from which to build refinement models. We further optimize the balance between accuracy and coverage of constraints by producing multiple structure sets using different constraint distance cutoffs, and note that the cutoff governs spatially near versus distant effects in model generation. This complete procedure of deriving distance constraints for rTAD simulations improves the quality of initial predictions significantly in all cases evaluated by us. Our procedure represents a significant step in solving the protein structure prediction and refinement problem, by enabling the use of consensus constraints, RAPDF, and rTAD for protein structure modeling and refinement.
[Treatment of 100 acute myeloid leukemias (author's transl)]. (1979)

Between november 1974 and august 1976, 100 acute myeloïd leukemias were treated by the same protocol L. 275. Induction treatment was daunorubicine, vincristine, cytosine arabinoside, in one intensive course for patients under 65 and cyclophosphamide (CPM), VCR and CAR in a less intensive and repetitive courses for patients over 65. In remission, there were three phases: consolidation, prevention of central nervous system leukemia, maintenance. All patients in remission received an androgenotherapy and two groups were randomised: chemotherapy and chemotherapy plus BCG. 68 patients were in complet remission (CR) 61 out of 80 patients under 65 and 7 out of 20 over 65. Median duration of first remission was 12 months. Median duration of survival was 13 months for all patients, 15 months for patients under 65, 3 months for patients over 65, and 22 months for 68 patients in CR. Survival of patients receiving BCG was slightly better than patients without BCG.
Macroporous Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/Carbon Composite Microspheres with a Short Li<sup>+</sup> Diffusion Pathway for the Fast Charge/Discharge of Lithium Ion Batteries (2014)

Macroporous Fe3O4/carbon composite and core-shell Fe3O4@carbon composite microspheres have been prepared by means of one-pot spray pyrolysis. The addition of polystyrene (PS) nanobeads to a spray solution containing an iron salt and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) led to macroporous Fe3O4/carbon composite microspheres, the carbon and iron components of which are uniformly distributed over the entire composite microsphere. The pore-size distribution curve for the macroporous Fe3O4/carbon composite shows distinct peaks at around 10 and 80 nm. An electrode prepared from the macroporous Fe3O4/carbon composite microspheres showed better cycling and rate performances than an electrode formed from core-shell Fe3O4@carbon composite microspheres. The initial discharge and charge capacities of the macroporous Fe3O4/carbon composite microsphere electrode were determined to be 1258 and 908 mA h g(-1) at 2 A g(-1), respectively, and the corresponding initial coulombic efficiency was 72 %. The composite microsphere electrode cycled 500 times at 5 A g(-1) showed a high discharge capacity of 733 mA h g(-1).
Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli protein secretion is induced in response to conditions similar to those in the gastrointestinal tract (1997)

The pathogenicity of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is associated with the expression and secretion of specific bacterial factors. EspB is one such secreted protein which is required to trigger host signaling pathways resulting in effacement of microvilli and cytoskeletal rearrangements. These events presumably contribute to the ensuing diarrhea associated with EPEC infections. EPEC encounters several environmental changes and stimuli during its passage from the external environment into the host gastrointestinal tract. In this paper we show that the secretion of EspB is subject to environmental regulation, and maximal secretion occurs under conditions reminiscent of those in the gastrointestinal tract. Thus, secretion is maximal at 37 degrees C, pH 7, and physiological osmolarity. In addition, maximal secretion requires the presence of sodium bicarbonate and calcium and is stimulated by millimolar concentrations of Fe(NO3)3. The secretion of the four other EPEC-secreted proteins appears to be modulated in a manner similar to that of EspB. Our results also show that secretion is not dependent on CO2, as originally reported by Haigh et al. (FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 129: 63-67, 1995), but that CO2 more likely acts as a component of the medium buffering system, since CO2 dependence was abolished by the use of alternative buffers.
Optimal scheduling of cooperative tasks in a distributed system using an enumerative method (1993)

Preemptive (resume) scheduling of cooperative tasks that have been preassigned to a set of processing nodes in a distributed system, when each task is assumed to consist of several modules is discussed. During the course of their execution, the tasks communicate with each other to collectively accomplish a common goal. Such intertask communications lead to precedence constraints between the modules of different tasks. The objective of this scheduling is to minimize the maximum normalized task response time, called the system hazard. Real-time tasks and the precedence constraints among them are expressed in a PERT/CPM form with activity on arc (AOA), called the task graph (TG), in which the dominance relationship between simultaneously schedulable modules is derived and used to reduce the size of the set of active schedules to be searched for an optimal schedule. Lower-bound costs are estimated, and are used to bound the search. An example of the task scheduling problem and some computational experiences are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
<title>Tunable photoconductive switch-based microwave source</title> (1995)

We describe a circuit for generating a variety of pulsed waveforms. The circuit consists of a fast photoconductive switch (the bulk avalanche semiconductor switch or BASS) and three transmission line sections consisting of a charge line, a tuning stub and an output line. A model was established for predicting the expected waveforms and experimental results are compared to the model predictions.
Reduced viscosities of polyelectrolytes in the presence of added salts (1955)

Abstract Two different techniques for diluting polyelectrolyte solutions with salt solutions are discussed. The first is the so‐called isoionic dilution and the second is a method using salt solutions of concentrations so chosen as to make the reduced viscosity a linear function of polymer concentration. For isoionic dilutions, in which the total counterion concentration is kept constant, the reduced viscosity curves are not linear over the whole range but are rather sharply curved at the early stages of dilution. However, it is observed that the viscosity of solutions subject to such dilutions can be expressed by an empirical equation similar in form to that of Fuoss and Strauss. The second method is carried out by diluting the polymer solution with a simple salt solution whose concentration, c 1 , is selected by trial and error to make the reduced viscosity a linear function of concentration. The ratio r = c 1 / c 0 where c 0 is the concentration of counterions from the original polymer solution, increases as the charge density of the polyelectrolyte decreases and is rather insensitive to c 0 . The values of 1 − r obtained for the partially neutralized polyacrylate were compared with the degrees of counterion fixation obtained by electrolytic methods, and good agreement was found between the two.
Transposition of the <i>mariner</i> element from <i>Drosophila mauritiana</i> in zebrafish (1998)

With the increased popularity of zebrafish (Danio rerio) for mutagenesis studies, efficient methods for manipulation of its genome are needed. One approach is the use of a transposable element as a vector for gene transfer in this species. We report here the transformation of zebrafish and germ-line transmission of the mariner element from Drosophila mauritiana. The mariner element was selected because its transposition is independent of host-specific factors. One- to two-cell-stage zebrafish embryos were coinjected with a supercoiled plasmid carrying the nonautonomous mariner element peach and mRNA encoding the transposase. Surviving larvae were reared to adulthood, and the transmission of peach to the F1 generation was tested by PCR. Four of the 12 founders, following plasmid injections on 2 different days, transmitted the element to their progeny. Inheritance of the transgene from the F1 to the F2 generation showed a Mendelian pattern. No plasmid sequences were detected by PCR or Southern blot analysis, indicating transposition of peach rather than random integration of the plasmid DNA. These data provide evidence of transformation of a vertebrate with a transposable element and support the host-independent mechanism for transposition of the mariner element. We suggest this system could be used for insertional mutagenesis or for identifying active regions of the genome in the zebrafish.
QUDA Programming for Staggered Quarks (2011)

We have been extending the QUDA GPU code developed at Boston University to include the case of improved staggered quarks. Improved staggered quarks such as asqtad and HISQ require both first and third nearest neighbor terms in the Dirac operator. We call the corresponding links fatlinks and longlinks. The fatlinks are not unitary, and staggered phases are included in the links, so link reconstruction techniques may either be inapplicable or require modification. A single precision inverter using compressed storage for the longlinks achieves a speed of 100 GF/s on an NVIDIA GTX 280 GPU on a 24 3 32 lattice. In addition to the inverter code, we have code for fatlink computation, gauge force and fermion force. They run at 170, 186 and 107 GF/s, respectively, for similar conditions to the solver speed above. The single GPU code is currently in production on NCSA's AC cluster for the study of electromagnetic effects. The double precision multimass solver is running at 20 GF/s, about 80% of the speed of an 8-node or 64-core job on Fermilab's jpsi cluster. The AC cluster has C1060 Tesla boards with lower memory bandwidth than the GTX 280, where the DP inverter runs at 33 GF/s. Multi-GPU code is in development.
Increases in Wheelchair Breakdowns, Repairs, and Adverse Consequences for People with Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury (2012)

The incidence and consequences of repairs are increasing from what was already a very high statistic in this United States population. Further investigation into causality is required, and intervention is needed to reverse this potential trend.
Microbial Agents<i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i>ssp.<i>israelensis</i>and<i>Bacillus sphaericus</i>Suppress Eutrophication, Enhance Water Quality, and Control Mosquitoes in Microcosms (1999)

Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. israelensis de Barjac (Bti) and Bacillus sphaericus Neide are promising microbial mosquito larvicides currently employed in mosquito control programs. During the screening and evaluation of new formulations of these control agents, it was noted that productivity of some algal species was noticeably suppressed, and that certain water quality parameters were enhanced by the suppression of primary productivity with these agents. Quantitative studies on these aspects were conducted in microcosms where Culex mosquitoes bred naturally. Treatments with VectoBac G (Bti) at the high dosage of 48.1 kg/ha, B. sphaericus water dispersible granules at 3.1 kg/ha, and Bti water dispersible granules at 0.6 kg/ha yielded good control of immature mosquito populations. Two species of unicellular algae, Closterium sp. and Chlorella sp., existed in both the controls and treatments. Growth of these algae was suppressed by the microbial agents applied. Suppressed algal productivity and photosynthesis resulted in lower water turbidity and oxygen concentrations in the treatments than in the controls, especially during the hot season. Water in treatments was discernibly clearer than in the controls, which was further borne out by differences in the optical density readings.
ON THE THEORY OF BROADENING SPECTRAL LINES IN PLASMA (1958)

A review is given of the theory of spectral line broadening caussd by the Stark effect, with considerations of disturbance by the electric field created by the assembly of large number of moving charged particles. In the proposed theory it is assumed that both ions and electrons can be classically described, that positions of charged particles are not mutually correlated (i.e., that their spatial distribution is taken at random at a given mean density), that their motion is rectilinear, that the pertarbation field is uniform, and that the field has an adiabatic effect on the atom. (R.V.J.)
A Thaumatin-like Protein from Larvae of the Beetle <i>Dendroides</i> <i>canadensis</i> Enhances the Activity of Antifreeze Proteins (2006)

The levels of thermal hysteresis (antifreeze activity) produced by purified antifreeze proteins (DAFPs) from the larvae of the beetle Dendroides canadensis at endogenous concentrations are lower than what are present in the hemolymph of overwintering larvae. Thermal hysteresis activity of DAFPs is dependent not only on AFP concentration but also on the presence of enhancers that may be either proteins (including other hemolymph DAFPs) or low-molecular mass enhancers such as glycerol. The purpose of this study was to identify endogenous protein enhancers using yeast two-hybrid, co-immunoprecipitation, and finally the enhancement of antifreeze activity. Here we show that a thaumatin-like protein from D. canadensis, until recently known only from plants, significantly enhances the thermal hysteresis of DAFP-1 and -2. Glycerol can further this enhancement, presumably by promoting the interaction of the DAFPs and thaumatin-like protein.
A Ratio of Spore to Viable Organisms: A Case Study of the JPL-SAF Cleanroom (2017)

Spacecraft surfaces that are destined to land on potential life-harboring celestial bodies are required to be rigorously cleaned and continuously monitored for spore bioburden as a proxy for spacecraft cleanliness. The NASA standard assay (NSA), used for spacecraft bioburden estimates, specifically measures spores that are cultivable, aerobic, resistant to heat shock, and grow at 30 C in a nutrient-rich medium. Since the vast majority of microorganisms cannot be cultivated using the NSA, it is necessary to utilize state-of-the art molecular techniques to better understand the presence of all viable microorganisms, not just those measured with the NSA. In this study, the nutrient-deprived low biomass cleanrooms, where spacecraft are assembled, were used as a surrogate for spacecraft surfaces to measure the ratio of NSA spores in relation to the total viable microorganism population in order to make comparisons with the 2006 Space Studies Board (SSB) estimate of 1 spore per approximately 50,000 viable organisms. Ninety-eight surface wipe samples were collected from the Spacecraft Assembly Facility (SAF) cleanroom at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) over a 6-month period. The samples were processed and analyzed using classical microbiology along with molecular methodology. Traditional microbiology plating methods were used to determine the cultivable bacterial, fungal, and spore populations. Molecular assays were used to determine the total organisms (TO, dead and live) and the viable organisms (VO, live). The TO was measured using adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays. The VO was measured using internal ATP, propidium monoazide (PMA)-qPCR, and flow cytometry (after staining for viable microorganisms) assays. Based on the results, it was possible to establish a ratio between spore counts and VO for each viability assay. The ATP-based spore to VO ratio ranged from 149-746, and the bacterial PMA-qPCR assay-based ratio ranged from 314-1,491 VO, per spore. The most conservative estimate came from fluorescent-assisted cell sorting (FACS), which estimated the ratio to be 12,091 VO per 1 NSA spore. Since archaeal (less than 1%) and fungal (approximately 2%) populations were negligible, the spore to VO ratios were based on bacterial population estimates. The most conservative ratio from this study can be used as a replacement for the SSB estimate on nutrient-deprived (oligotrophic) desiccated spacecraft surfaces, to estimate the VO from NSA measurements without utilizing state-of-the art molecular methods that are costly and require more biomass than is typically found on spacecraft surfaces.