gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Crystal Structure and Magnetic Properties of <i>ϵ</i>‐Ru<sub><i>x</i></sub>Fe<sub>2‐<i>x</i></sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanosize Hard Ferrite (2018)

A new series of metal-substituted ϵ-iron oxides, ϵ-Ru<sub>x</sub> Fe<sub>2-x</sub> O<sub>3</sub> (x=0 (1), 0.005 (2), and 0.014 (3)) nanoparticles (average size=20 nm) is synthesized by sintering iron oxide hydroxide with ruthenium hydroxide in a silica matrix. The samples are characterized by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) of transmission electron microscope. The X-ray diffraction pattern shows that ϵ-Ru<sub>x</sub> Fe<sub>2-x</sub> O<sub>3</sub> has an orthorhombic crystal structure with a space group of Pna2<sub>1</sub> and the Rietveld analyses show that Ru is doped selectively at the regular octahedral C site among the four non-equivalent Fe sites (A, B, C, and D site). Magnetization vs. temperature plots show that the Curie temperature (T<sub>C</sub> ) depends on x, and T<sub>C</sub> =498 K for 1, 497 K for 2, and 496 K for 3. Magnetization vs. external magnetic field plots indicate that the coercive field (H<sub>c</sub> ) increases from 17.7 kOe (1) to 20.3 kOe (3). This increment of 15 % on H<sub>c</sub> is attributed to the single ion anisotropy of the magnetic spin on Ru<sup>III</sup> (4d<sup>5</sup> , S=1/2).
Noise suppression methods for speech applications (2005)

This paper presents a discussion and evaluation of several filtering techniques for suppressing narrowband background noise in speech signals. The methods discussed are a modified spectral subtraction technique, an inverse transform filter, an adoptive notch placement technique, an adaptive predictor, and a modification of the adaptive predictor. Performance of the filter methods are compared using a spectral error measurement and an area ratio parameter error measurement. Although the modified adaptive predictor provided the best improvement in spectral error, results indicate the modified spectral subtraction method to be the most suitable for use with linear predictive coding systems.
Site‐Specific Recognition of Nanophase‐Separated Surfaces of Amphiphilic Block Copolymers by Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Gold Nanoparticles (2006)

Gleich und gleich gesellt sich gern: Die ortsspezifische Erkennung der nanophasenseparierten Oberfläche eines PEOm-b-PMA(Az)n-Films (PEO=Polyethylenoxid, PMA(Az)=Polymethacrylat mit Azobenzol-basierten flüssigkristallinen Seitenketten) durch hydrophile und hydrophobe Goldnanopartikel (Au-NPs) wurde untersucht. Sie banden selektiv an die hydrophilen PEO- bzw. hydrophoben PMA(Az)-Domänen.
Nuclear localization of protein phosphatase 5 is dependent on the carboxy‐terminal region (2001)

Endogenous and overexpressed protein phosphatase 5 (PP5) localizes to the nucleus and cytoplasm of HeLa cells, while the overexpressed TPR domain of PP5 is restricted to the cytoplasm. Deletion and mutational analysis of human PP5 demonstrates that the C-terminal amino acids 420-499 are essential for nuclear localization and PP5 activity is not required. Since the phosphatase domain terminates at 473, these studies suggest that the highly conserved section (476-491) with the eukaryotic consensus FXAVPHPXPhiXPMAYAN is required for nuclear localization of PP5. Bacterially expressed PP5 is inhibited by several tumor promoters but not by the anticancer drug fostriecin.
Effects of Statins on Triglyceride Metabolism (1998)

Hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors, or "statins," have been extremely efficacious in decreasing low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels in patients with hypercholesterolemia and in treating patients with dysbetalipoproteinemia, a relatively rare form of hyperlipidemia. Clinical trials have indicated that statins can significantly lower very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) triglyceride levels, although the central mechanism of action of statins-i.e., increasing the number of LDL receptors-would appear to suggest that they would have no significant effect on VLDL levels. Through a review of published data from animal and human studies, this article addresses the important clinical question of how drugs that inhibit the rate-limiting enzyme for cholesterol can affect triglyceride metabolism.
Highway and Transit Program Reauthorization (2002)

This report discusses significant legislative provisions in the two provisional bills that are likely to be the subject of congressional discussion to reauthorize federal highway, highway safety, and transit programs.
Effects of Mn, Cr, Ni and Cu on Calcium Wrought Graphite Steel (1968)

A study has been made on the graphitization and mechanical properties of the calcium treated graphite steel containing 0.57∼1.78%Mn, 0.26∼1.41%Cr, 0.37∼1.83%Ni or 0.32∼1.63%Cu. Where carbide forming elements such as manganese and chromium are present over 1% in the former and over 0.5% in the latter, the graphitization has been considerably suppressed. When the amount of nickel and copper increased, the carbide phase was more unstable than the common graphite steel. From mechanical properties of heat-treated alloy graphite steels it has been inferred that suitable additions of manganese and chromium are effective for improvement in wear resistance, and additions of nickel and copper improve ductility and machinability, respectively.
Power Spectral Density Characteristics of MCSK Based Impulse Radios in UWB Communications (2005)

This paper studies the power spectral density (PSD) characteristics of ultra wideband (UWB) signals modulated by M-ary code shift keying (MCSK)/binary pulse position modulation (BPPM) and MCSK/binary pulse amplitude modulation (BPAM), which we refer to as MCSK based impulse radios (IRs). MCSK/BPPM is a recently proposed UWB modulation format that can achieve a high data rate without affecting pulse shaping and further improve the bit-error-rate (BER) performance subject to the same signal energy per bit. The MCSK/BPPM increases the effective time hopping (TH) code period by randomly selecting a TH code from a set of M distinct codes per user. This selection smooths the continuous spectrum and suppresses the discrete spectral components, which is desired for real implementation. For a complete PSD evaluation of MCSK based IRs, also the PSD of MCSK/BPAM is studied. The analysis shows that MCSK/BPPM and MCSK/BPAM systems achieve improved PSD characteristics over the conventional TH-BPPM and TH-BPAM systems. Suggestions are also made to improve the PSD characteristics of conventional TH systems.
Human regular U‐500 insulin via continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion versus multiple daily injections in adults with type 2 diabetes: The VIVID study (2019)

In type 2 diabetes requiring high doses of insulin, both methods of U-500R delivery lowered HbA1c. However, the CSII group attained greater HbA1c reduction with significantly less insulin. Individualized dose titration will be important to balance glycaemic control with hypoglycaemia risk.
Can We Learn From Viruses How to Prevent Type 1 Diabetes? (2008)

We will take a journey from basic pathogenetic mechanisms elicited by viral infections that play a role in the development of type 1 diabetes to clinical interventions, where we will discuss novel combination therapies. The role of viral infections in the development of type 1 diabetes is a rather interesting topic because in experimental models viruses appear capable of both accelerating as well as decelerating the immunological processes leading to type 1 diabetes. Consequently, I will discuss some of the underlying mechanisms for each situation and consider methods to investigate the proposed dichotomy for the involvement of viruses in human type 1 diabetes. Prevention of type 1 diabetes by infection supports the so-called "hygiene hypothesis." Interestingly, viruses invoke mechanisms that need to be exploited by novel combinatorial immune-based interventions, the first one being the elimination of autoaggressive T-cells attacking the beta-cells, ultimately leading to their immediate but temporally limited amelioration. The other is the invigoration of regulatory T-cells (Tregs), which can mediate long-term tolerance to beta-cell proteins in the pancreatic islets and draining lymph nodes. In combination, these two immune elements have the potential to permanently stop type 1 diabetes. It is my belief that only combination therapies will enable the permanent prevention and curing of type 1 diabetes.
Spectral-spatial classification of polarimetric SAR data using morphological attribute profiles (2011)

Morphological profiles (MPs) have been effective tools to fuse spectral and spatial information for the classification of remote sensing data. However, the previous applications have been limited to the multi-/ hyper-spectral data analysis. In this study, the application of morphological profiles is extended for the classification of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (POLSAR) data. The MPs are constructed with the diagonal elements of the covariance matrix and the features derived from the eigenvalue decomposition method. The resulting extended morphological profile (EMP) which is a stack of all the MPs of various features is used for supervised classification of the images using a support vector machine (SVM) classifier. It is shown that significant improvements in classification accuracies can be achieved by using the profiles.
Inhibition of insect juvenile hormone synthesis by phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate (1987)

The synthesis of insect juvenile hormone III (JH III) by isolated corpora allata of the cockroach Diploptera punctata incubated in vitro is inhibited by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate and 1-oleyl-2-acetylglycerol. 4 alpha-Phorbol 12,13-didecanoate and diolein are inactive. The inhibitory effect of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate is fully reversed by 2E,6E-farnesol or by 2E,6E-farnesoic acid. It is highest in corpora allata that are past their peak in secretory activity or that have been inhibited by injections of 20-hydroxyecdysone. This effect of phorbol esters implicates protein kinase C in the regulation of insect corpus allatum activity.
Electrophilic Substitution at Saturated Carbon. XXII. Intramolecular Hydrogen Transfer Reactions in Base-Catalyzed Allylic Rearrangements (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrophilic Substitution at Saturated Carbon. XXII. Intramolecular Hydrogen Transfer Reactions in Base-Catalyzed Allylic RearrangementsDonald J. Cram and Roy T. UyedaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1964, 86, 24, 5466–5477Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01078a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01078a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views204Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Nucleation under Soft Confinement: Role of Polymer–Solute Interactions (2011)

Nucleation of a crystalline phase almost always occurs at interfaces. However, the lack of fundamental understanding of the impact of interfacial properties on nucleation hinders the design of nucleation active materials for regulating crystallization in practice. In particular, the role of intermolecular interactions is often neglected in nucleation under confinement such as those provided by nano- and microporous materials. Herein, we report the use of a novel material, polymer microgels with tunable microstructure and chemistry, for understanding the role of intermolecular interactions in nucleation under confinement and for controlling crystallization from solution in general. We demonstrate that by tuning the polymer–solute interactions, solute nucleation kinetics were promoted by up to 4 orders of magnitude. Moreover, the effect of polymer–solute interactions was manifested by the split of nucleation time scales due to the presence of nucleation sites of distinct chemical compositions in the microgels, characterized by small angle neutron scattering. Our mechanistic investigations suggest that the polymer matrix facilitates nucleation by enhancing effective solute–solute interactions due to solute adsorptive partitioning and by promoting molecular alignment inferred from preferred crystal orientations on polymer surfaces. Our results provide new insights into nucleation at interfaces and help enable a rational material design approach for directing nucleation of molecular crystals from solution.
DNA‐dependent protein kinase is involved in heat shock protein‐mediated accumulation of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α in hypoxic preconditioned HepG2 cells (2008)

Hypoxic preconditioning may afford protection against subsequent lethal hypoxia. As hypoxic tolerance induces changes in the expression of genes involved in DNA damage and repair response pathways, we investigated whether DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), one of the DNA double-strand break repair proteins, could be involved in hypoxic preconditioning-induced protective signaling cascades. We showed that induction of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha expression during hypoxic preconditioning by repeated hypoxic exposure was associated with increased mRNA and protein levels of DNA-PK catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) and Ku70/Ku80, the DNA-PK components, in human hepatoma HepG2 cells, followed by upregulation of Hsp70/Hsp90 and Bcl-2 and concurrent downregulation of Bax. Additionally, loss of DNA-PKcs led to attenuated expression of Hsp70/Hsp90, accelerated hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha degradation, and increased susceptibility to hypoxia-induced cell death. We also found that the mRNA and protein levels of heat shock factor-1 (HSF1) were progressively increased with DNA-PK activation during hypoxic preconditioning, and inhibition of HSF1 function by KNK437 resulted in a significant decrease in the level of protein kinase Akt as well as of DNA-PKcs, with downregulation of Hsp70/Hsp90 and HIF-1alpha. Our results suggest the possibility that DNA-PK-mediated signaling pathway is required for the increase in HIF-1alpha expression through activation of HSF1 and subsequent upregulation of heat shock proteins after hypoxic reconditioning.
Betriebsfestigkeit unter Berücksichtigung von Einsparungen (2007)

Structural durability in plant engineering is of essential importance for existing and future industrial plants. The goal of a structural durable design is achieving required service life, reliability and safety under consideration of weight savings and economy. Savings through the use of lightweight potentials ore possible by transition from a safe-life to a damage tolerant design. The realisation of a damage-tolerant design is accompanied by monitoring concepts in order to check the observance of the required safety.
Design and operation of an autonomous fuel cell-supercapacitor power system for portable applications (2011)

This paper presents a novel design for a portable fuel cell system. Since the merits of supercapacitors in fuel cell systems have been explored before, this design adds functionality and uses supercapacitors as an energy storage medium that can store energy and initiate fuel cell operation. This method eliminates the need for batteries and additional circuitry normally required to initiate fuel circulation in portable fuel cell systems. Furthermore, this design uses three different control modes, which are digitally implemented and are automatically selected based on the state of the system. This allows for autonomous operation of supercapacitor charging and normal fuel cell operation. A 20 W prototype direct borohydride fuel cell converter was designed and tested. A design procedure for choosing the supercapacitor is outlined. The advantages and limitations of the novel sequence and hardware architecture are presented.
The Effect of Joint Conditions on the Longitudinal and Flexural Wave Velocities of a Rock Mass (2006)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Differential Germination Characteristics of Dicamba-Resistant Kochia (<i>Bassia scoparia</i>) Populations in Response to Temperature (2018)

Abstract Dicamba-resistant (DR) kochia [ Bassia scoparia (L.) A. J. Scott] has been reported in six U.S. states and one Canadian province. To develop effective B. scoparia control tactics, it is necessary to understand the seed germination pattern of DR B. scoparia . The objective of this study was to compare the germination characteristics of DR versus dicamba-susceptible (DS) B. scoparia populations from Montana and Kansas under constant (5 to 35 C) and/or alternating temperatures (5/10 to 30/35 C). DR B. scoparia lines from Montana were generated after three generations of recurrent selection of field-collected populations with dicamba. Seeds of DR or DS lines from Kansas were obtained after one generation of restricted self-pollination. DR B. scoparia lines from both Montana and Kansas had a lower maximum cumulative germination than the DS lines across all temperature treatments. A majority of DR B. scoparia lines from Montana showed a temperature-mediated seed germination response, with a higher thermal requirement (30 to 35 C or 25/30 to 30/35 C) to attain the maximum cumulative germination compared with DS lines. Germination rates at 5 to 30 C were lower for DR versus DS B. scoparia lines from Kansas. All DR lines from Montana took more time than DS lines to initiate germination at 5 and 10 C or 5/10 and 20/25 C. Similarly, there was a delayed onset of germination of the DR versus DS line from Kansas at 5, 10, 15, and 20 C. Furthermore, the DR B. scoparia from both Kansas and Montana had a slower germination pattern relative to the DS B. scoparia . Diversified crop rotations using winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.), fall-sown cover crops, or early-spring planted crops (e.g., wheat or barley [ Hordeum vulgare L.]) that are competitive against late-emerging B. scoparia in conjunction with strategic tillage and late-season weed control tactics should be used to facilitate depletion of DR B. scoparia seedbanks.
Microphysical and Radiative Evolution of Aerosol Plumes Over the Tropical North Atlantic Ocean (2002)

[1] Over the tropical North Atlantic Ocean in the summer, plumes of aerosol extend from Saharan Africa to the Caribbean. The microphysical and radiative evolution of such plumes is studied using a Lagrangian column model and measurements obtained near the west coast of Africa (during the second Aerosol Characterization Experiment [ACE-2]) and the Caribbean Sea (during the Passing Efficiency of the Low Turbulence Inlet [PELTI] experiment). Mass and scattering in the plumes can be separated into two layers that overlay one another over much of the Atlantic Ocean. Mineral dust dominates in the lower free troposphere, and sea-salt aerosol dominates in the boundary layer. Carbonaceous, sulfate, and nitrate (CSN) aerosols are a minor component of mass but contribute significantly to total column optical depth. Combined, CSN aerosols and sea-salt contribute to more than half of total aerosol clear-sky shortwave forcing associated with such plumes. Satellite and model data suggest that the reduction of plume forcing between the African coastline and the Caribbean is less than 20%. The reduction is due principally to settling of large dust particles and atmospheric subsidence; however, the reduction of forcing remains small because (a) boundary layer trade winds provide a
Frequency Response Equations for Quartz Crystal Microbalances (2016)

Piezoelectric chemical and electrochemical sensors are classified. Basic terms and definitions related to piezoelectric materials and sensing devices, electric transducers, and analytical measurements with piezoelectric chemical sensors are provided. In addition, the more essential response equations are presented.
A study of the weathering of an elastomeric polyurethane (1961)

Abstract A study was designed to show the nature of weathering of an elastomer poly(ester‐urethane), and to indicate methods of overcoming the deficiency. Unprotected polymer, when exposed to UV radiation in a Weatherometer, showed deterioration which is characterized by loss of tensile strength, some increase in modulus, and a decreased extensibility of surface skin.
Myokardiale Steifigkeit des linken und rechten Ventrikels nach frischem Moykardinfarkt (1973)

Der Füllungsdruck im linken Ventrikel, der die Druckverhältnisse im venösen Schenkel des Lungenkreislaufes beeinflußt, hängt von der Vorbelastung, dem venösen Rückfluß, der Nachbelastung und den elastischen Eigenschaften der Kammerwand ab (1). Diese Wandeigenschaften sind nach tierexperimentellen und ersten klinischen Ergebnissen beim frischen Infarkt im Sinne einer deutlichen Steigerung der myokardialen Wandsteifigkeit verändert. Unbekannt ist bisher der zeitliche Verlauf der Wandsteifigkeit des linken und rechten Ventrikels, der Einfluß von Infarktlokalisation und -größe sowie die haemodynamische Bedeutung der veränderten Wandeigenschaften im Verlaufe des Infarktes. Um diese Frage zu klären, wurde bei 43 Patienten mit frischem Myokardinfarkt im Durchschnitt 18 Stunden nach Auftreten der ersten klinischen Symptome die Haemodynamik des linken und rechten Ventrikels untersucht, 9 Patienten wurden erneut 4–6 Wochen nach dem Infarkt untersucht.
Transformation of cardiac endothelium into cushion mesenchyme is dependent on ES/130: temporal, spatial, and functional studies in the early chick embryo. (1995)

ES/130 is a novel 130-kDa protein that has been linked previously to the transformation of endocardial endothelium into cushion mesenchyme. In the present study we report the localization of protein and mRNA for ES/130 in stages 7-plus through 20 chick embryos and present functional data related to a potential mechanism for ES/130. The temporal and spatial regulation of ES/130 expression suggests that this epithelial-to-mesenchymal transformation is a result of homogenetic induction. Functional studies indicate that myocardially derived ES/130 elicits expression of this protein by target AV endothelial cells, which is linked to a signal transduction cascade. The localization of ES/130 to other sites of inductive interactions (e.g., limb bud ectoderm, gut, and notochord) implies that this protein may have a more widespread importance to embryogenesis beyond its involvement in cardiac cushion tissue formation.