gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isolation and analysis of the acetate regulatory gene, facB, from Aspergillus nidulans. (1989)

The facB gene of Aspergillus nidulans is thought to be involved in acetate induction of enzymes required for acetate utilization and of the acetamidase encoded by the multiply regulated amdS gene. In addition, some evidence suggests that the facB gene has a structural as well as a regulatory role in acetate metabolism. The facB gene was cloned from a cosmid library by complementation of the facB101 loss-of-function mutation. Transformants receiving multiple copies of facB displayed stronger growth on acetamide media, indicating increased amdS expression, while growth on acetate was inhibited in these multicopy transformants. A 3.1-kilobase acetate-inducible facB transcript was detected by Northern (RNA) blot analysis. Examination of message levels in wild-type and mutant strains indicated that the facB gene is subject to carbon catabolite repression. Previous work has indicated that the presence of multiple copies of the 5' end of the amdS gene can result in titration of regulatory proteins. Additional copies of the facB gene were shown to specifically overcome the effect of facB product titration.
A white matter lesion-filling approach to improve brain tissue volume measurements (2014)

Multiple sclerosis white matter (WM) lesions can affect brain tissue volume measurements of voxel-wise segmentation methods if these lesions are included in the segmentation process. Several authors have presented different techniques to improve brain tissue volume estimations by filling WM lesions before segmentation with intensities similar to those of WM. Here, we propose a new method to refill WM lesions, where contrary to similar approaches, lesion voxel intensities are replaced by random values of a normal distribution generated from the mean WM signal intensity of each two-dimensional slice. We test the performance of our method by estimating the deviation in tissue volume between a set of 30 T1-w 1.5 T and 30 T1-w 3 T images of healthy subjects and the same images where: WM lesions have been previously registered and afterwards replaced their voxel intensities to those between gray matter (GM) and WM tissue. Tissue volume is computed independently using FAST and SPM8. When compared with the state-of-the-art methods, on 1.5 T data our method yields the lowest deviation in WM between original and filled images, independently of the segmentation method used. It also performs the lowest differences in GM when FAST is used and equals to the best method when SPM8 is employed. On 3 T data, our method also outperforms the state-of-the-art methods when FAST is used while performs similar to the best method when SPM8 is used. The proposed technique is currently available to researchers as a stand-alone program and as an SPM extension.
A brief review of interplay between vitamin D and angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2: Implications for a potential treatment for <scp>COVID</scp>‐19 (2020)

The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is rapidly expanding and causing many deaths all over the world with the World Health Organization (WHO) declaring a pandemic in March 2020. Current therapeutic options are limited and there is no registered and/or definite treatment or vaccine for this disease or the causative infection, severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 syndrome (SARS-CoV-2). Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a part of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), serves as the major entry point into cells for SARS-CoV-2 which attaches to human ACE2, thereby reducing the expression of ACE2 and causing lung injury and pneumonia. Vitamin D, a fat-soluble-vitamin, is a negative endocrine RAS modulator and inhibits renin expression and generation. It can induce ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/MasR axis activity and inhibits renin and the ACE/Ang II/AT1R axis, thereby increasing expression and concentration of ACE2, MasR and Ang-(1-7) and having a potential protective role against acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Therefore, targeting the unbalanced RAS and ACE2 down-regulation with vitamin D in SARS-CoV-2 infection is a potential therapeutic approach to combat COVID-19 and induced ARDS.
Authentication using graphical password in cloud (2012)

Recently, cloud computing is the most popular term among enterprises and news. The concept comes true because of fast Internet bandwidth and advanced cooperation technology. Resources on the cloud can be accessed through Internet without self-built infrastructure. Enterprises can reduce their maintain cost and put more resource into marketing and research. Unfortunately, the infrastructure of cloud computing is built on Internet, and will encounter all the risk of Internet. To decrease the risks, an authentication mechanism is the possible solution. However, traditional alphanumeric password authentication mechanism is not secure enough. A secure authentication mechanism using graphical password should be proposed in this paper for improving traditional authentication mechanism and let users access cloud services securely.
Morphological and functional aspects of active specific immunotherapy of established pulmonary metastases in guinea pigs. (1981)

Using active specific immunotherapy, we evaluated the efficacy of syngeneic tumor cell vaccines supplemented with the adjuvant Mycobacterium bovis strain Bacillus Calmette-Guerin against established pulmonary metastases. In a series of experiments, inbred strain 2 guinea pigs were given i.v. injections of 106 syngeneic hepatocarcinoma cells (100 times the minimum lethal dose). Animals were not treated or were treated once a week for 2 weeks with vaccines consisting of 107 cryopreserved, X-irradiated viable tumor cells admixed with 107 live B. Calmette-Guerin and on the third week with a vaccine consisting of 107 tumor cells alone. To assess the limits of tumor burden in this model, we immunized groups of animals on Days 1, 4, 7, or 10 after i.v. tumor challenge. The pulmonary tumor foci ranged from clumps of several cells at Day 1 to nodules between 0.1 and 0.2 mm in diameter at Day 10. By Days 21 to 24 after i.v. tumor challenge, the pulmonary nodules were macroscopic in size, equal to or greater than 0.5 mm in diameter. While significant protection was measured by survival, the effectiveness of this combination of tumor cells plus B. Calmette-Guerin was limited by tumor burden. Morphological evaluation of pulmonary tumor foci in treated animals revealed mononuclear cell infiltration characteristic of a cell-mediated hypersensitivity reaction in the time interval between the first and second immunization. By the time of the third immunization, the nodules had progressed to a marked histiocytosis with fibrosis and central necrosis. It is possible not only that these specific immunological reactions accomplish a significant reduction of the tumor mass but that the host-mononuclear cell infiltrate disrupts the organized histological architecture of metastatic clones, perhaps by the release of soluble factors such as lymphokines. This disruption of the organized histological architecture of the metastatic clones creates a state in which the tumor cells may be more vulnerable or exposed, by destroying the anatomic barriers that allow the tumor to escape disruption by a variety of antitumor agents. This report suggests that multimodality therapy such as post-surgical active specific immunotherapy would be enhanced in combination with other antitumor agents, which on their own would be limited by the anatomical organization of micrometastatic nodules.
Light scattering investigation of the stability of bovine casein micelles to dilution (1980)

SUMMARY Dialysed whey and dialysed ultracentrifugate from skim-milk were found to be satisfactory dilution media for light scattering studies on bovine casein micelles at 20 °C. Both milk dialysate and milk ultracentrifugate were only useful at fairly low levels of dilution and even then only for short periods of time. Whey, pH-adjusted to that of the original milk, was found to be an unsuitable diluent medium. Most of the instability of casein micelles to dilution could be attributed to some form of Ca phosphate precipitation or Ca phosphate–casein micelle aggregation.
A system to place incoming students in computer science, mathematics and statistics (2011)

Colleges utilize various methods of placing incoming students in classes, but many methods are time intensive, have limited scope, or lack precision. After an older LISP-based expert system had difficulty placing students, Grinnell College needed a successor system to provide accurate placements and be easily modifiable for the constantly changing curriculum. The placement system described here quickly provides consistent placements using a PHP based inference engine with extensively-researched rules. This system generates LaTeX letters for first year students and advisors that give placements and advertise introductory computer science courses. An online interface also provides tentative placements to prospective students.
Metagenomic and Metatranscriptomic Analysis of Microbial Community Structure and Gene Expression of Activated Sludge (2012)

The present study applied both metagenomic and metatranscriptomic approaches to characterize microbial structure and gene expression of an activated sludge community from a municipal wastewater treatment plant in Hong Kong. DNA and cDNA were sequenced by Illumina Hi-seq2000 at a depth of 2.4 Gbp. Taxonomic analysis by MG-RAST showed bacteria were dominant in both DNA and cDNA datasets. The taxonomic profile obtained by BLAST against SILVA SSUref database and annotation by MEGAN showed that activated sludge was dominated by Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Verrucomicrobia phyla in both DNA and cDNA datasets. Global gene expression annotation based on KEGG metabolism pathway displayed slight disagreement between the DNA and cDNA datasets. Further gene expression annotation focusing on nitrogen removal revealed that denitrification-related genes sequences dominated in both DNA and cDNA datasets, while nitrifying genes were also expressed in relative high levels. Specially, ammonia monooxygenase and hydroxylamine oxidase demonstrated the high cDNA/DNA ratios in the present study, indicating strong nitrification activity. Enzyme subunits gene sequences annotation discovered that subunits of ammonia monooxygenase (amoA, amoB, amoC) and hydroxylamine oxygenase had higher expression levels compared with subunits of the other enzymes genes. Taxonomic profiles of selected enzymes (ammonia monooxygenase and hydroxylamine oxygenase) showed that ammonia-oxidizing bacteria present mainly belonged to Nitrosomonas and Nitrosospira species and no ammonia-oxidizing Archaea sequences were detected in both DNA and cDNA datasets.
Simultaneous Earth views from CERES, MISR and MOPITT (2004)

The ultimate goal of NASA's Terra mission is to unravel the mysteries of climate and environmental change. The instruments on board the Terra spacecraft are collecting global data sets needed to study the interrelationships inherent in the Earth's coupled atmosphere-land-ocean-biosphere system. Issues such as the Earth's energy balance, global cloudiness, the effects of atmospheric aerosols, and the impact of trace gases on climate can be addressed with simultaneous data from instruments such as the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES), the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) and the Measurements Of Pollution In The Troposphere (MOPITT). An important feature of the experiments onboard Terra is the ability to obtain data from multiple instruments viewing the same phenomena. CERES, MISR and MOPITT data available from the Atmospheric Sciences Data Center (ASDC) at NASA's Langley Research Center are used to demonstrate various complementary views of the Earth system. Examples are given of spatially and temporally coincident data covering phenomena such as aerosol concentrations from dust storms, and carbon monoxide and smoke associated with fires. CERES uses broadband radiometric measurements in three channels to provide both solar-reflected and Earth-emitted radiation throughout the atmosphere and, in combination with simultaneous measurements from instruments such as the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS), provides new information on cloud properties. MISR obtains precisely calibrated images taken simultaneously at nine different angles and four wavelengths (blue, green, red and near-infrared) to provide data related to aerosols, clouds, and the Earth's surface. MOPITT is a scanning radiometer designed to measure tropospheric profiles and total column amount of carbon monoxide on both the day and night portions of an orbit. Information about the available CERES, MISR and MOPITT data products, and how to obtain them can be found at the ASDC web site: http://eosweb.larc.nasa.gov
On Evaluating the Performability of Degradable Computing Systems (1980)

If the performance of a computing system is "degradable," performance and reliability issues must be dealt with simultaneously in the process of evaluating system effectiveness. For this purpose, a unified measure, called "performability," is introduced and the foundations of performability modeling and evaluation are established. A critical step in the modeling process is the introduction of a "capability function" which relates low-level system behavior to user-oriented performance levels. A hierarchical modeling scheme is used to formulate the capability function and capability is used, in turn, to evaluate performability. These techniques are then illustrated for a specific application: the performability evaluation of an aircraft computer in the environment of an air transport mission.
The Effect of Eruca sativa extract on Gram Posative and Negative Bacteria (2007)

The antibacterial effect of (Eruca sativa) extract was evaluated by an in vitro study testing the growth of various Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative bacteria . The bactericidal activity of this extract was analyzed by serial dilution in tubes. This study,found that Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive bacteria susceptible to very low eruca concentrations. On the other hand, Gram-positive bacteria were more susceptible than Gram-negative bacteria, the minimal bactericidal concentration of Gram-positive bacteria was 5 mg ml-1 but minimal bactericidal concentration of Gram-negative bacteria was 10 mg ml-1 that mean duble inhibation concentration of Gram-positive bacteria . this study suggest that Eruca sativa leaves have inhibation effect on Gram-Posative and Gram-Negative bacteria and Eruca sativa was natural material with little side effect.
Self-Efficacy for Learning and Performance. (1996)

The theory of self-efficacy (beliefs concerning one's capabilities to learn or perform behaviors at designated levels), has developed since A. Bandura's work (1977) and continues to be applied to a variety of educational settings and grade levels. This paper addresses various issues pertaining to self-efficacy in settings involving academic learning and performance. The paper begins with a discussion of self-efficacy theory as discussed by Bandura and Schunk. Measurement issues are discussed in terms of reliability and validity of self-efficacy measures. Empirical evidence is reviewed in several areas to help distinguish the operation of self-efficacy during learning from its role in performance settings: self-efficacy for learning; self-efficacy for performing learned behaviors; self-efficacy and motivation/self-regulation; and self-efficacy and goal orientations. Finally, the accuracy of self-appraisal with regard to self-efficacy is discussed. contains 34 references. (DR/Author) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ***********************************************************************
A Comparative Study Of Serum Proteins In Some Vertebrate Representatives (2014)

Serum is the liquid part of blood, which can be analysed through protein electrophoresis (PEP) technique to determine the levels of different types of proteins in a blood sample. In present investigation a comparative electrophoretic study of serum protein of Gallus gallus domesticus, Hemidactylus frenatus, Schizothorax plagiostomus, Duttaphrynus melanostictus was carried out with serum fraction of man. There was no albumin like large fraction observed in Duttaphrynus metanostictus, Hemidactylus frenatus and Schizothorax plagiostomus. The number of serum protein fractions and their separation pattern differed in all these vertebrate representatives analysed. There were 20 fractions in man, 21 in Gallus gallus domesticus, 14 in Duttaphrynus melanostictus, 11 in Hemidactylus frenatus and 16 in Schizothorax plagiostomus.
Generating Good Degree Distributions for Sparse Parity Check Codes using Oracles (2001)

Fast forward error correction codes are becoming an important component in bulk content delivery. They fit in naturally with multicast scenarios as a way to deal with losses and are now seeing use in peer to peer networks as a basis for distributing load. In particular, new irregular sparse parity check codes have been developed with provable average linear time performance, a significant improvement over previous codes. In this paper, we present a new heuristic for generating codes with similar performance based on observing a server with an oracle for client state. This heuristic is easy to implement and provides further intuition into the need for an irregular heavy tailed distribution.
[Acylated tripeptides as chemotaxin antagonists (author's transl)]. (1981)

Boc-protected peptides antagonise leucocyte chemotaxis induced by formylated derivatives. Other protecting groups similar to Boc were investigated to see if they also produce chemotaxin antagonists when combined with the chemotactic standard sequence' Met-Leu-Phe. Four related acylated tripeptides were synthesized and studied in the agarose test. It could be proved that they influence the chemotaxin HCO-Met-Leu-Phe-OH as potent antagonists.
Towards a practitioner-based model of selecting celebrity endorsers (2000)

Use of celebrity endorsers has become a widely employed marketing communication strategy. One of the key issues of this strategy is to decide which celebrity to employ. Even though scholars, mostly US-based, have written about the celebrity endorsement strategy and effective endorser characteristics, so far no studies have explored how advertising agencies select celebrity endorsers. To discover the process by which advertising agencies select celebrities and factors considered during this process, semi-structured interviews were carried out. Findings indicate that there is an unwritten and informal process of selecting celebrity endorsers, in which there are a number of factors affecting decisions.
EFFECTS OF YUNKE (TECHNETIUM‐99 CONJUGATED WITH METHYLENE DIPHOSPHONATE; <sup>99</sup>Tc‐MDP) AND/OR COLLOIDAL CHROMIC PHOSPHATE PHOSPHONIUM‐32, ALONE AND IN COMBINATION, IN RATS WITH ADJUVANT ARTHRITIS (2007)

1. The present study investigated the therapeutic effects of both single and combination treatment with Yunke (technetium-99 conjugated with methylene diphosphonate; (99)Tc-MDP) and colloidal chromic phosphate (32)P (phosphonium-32) in rats with adjuvant arthritis (AA). 2. Rats were randomly allocated to one of five groups: (i) normal control group (sham operated and treated with normal saline); (ii) AA control group (arthritis induced with adjuvant and treated with normal saline); (iii) (32)P colloid group (arthritis induced with adjuvant and treated with a single intra-articular injection of colloidal chromic phosphate phosphonium-32 (0.02 mCi) and i.p. injections of normal saline every other day); (iv) Yunke group (arthritis induced with adjuvant and treated with i.p. Yunke (2.5 x 10(-3) microg/kg) every other day and single intra-articular injection of normal saline); and (v) combination group (arthritis induced with adjuvant and treated with a combination of both therapies). 3. The left-to-right diameter (LRD) of the left hind ankle, serum levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin (IL)-1b and histological sections of the ankle joints were examined at different time points. 4. The LRD of the left hind ankle was smaller for the combination group compared with (32)P colloid alone at Week 4 (7.11 +/- 0.28 vs 7.57 +/- 0.24 mm, respectively; P < 0.001). The combination treatment was more effective than (32)P colloid alone in decreasing serum TNF (1.614 +/- 0.368 vs 1.977 +/- 0.255 ng/mL, respectively; P = 0.002 for Week 4) and IL-1b (0.271 +/- 0.027 vs 0.308 +/- 0.020 ng/mL, respectively for Week 4; 0.209 +/- 0.023 vs 0.255 +/- 0.016 ng/mL, respectively for Week 6; both P = 0.001). Histologically, the combination group exhibited less synovium proliferation compared with Yunke treatment alone and decreased inflammatory cell infiltration compared with (32)P colloid alone. 5. In conclusion, the combination of Yunke and (32)P colloid is more effective in the treatment of AA in rats compared with Yunke or (32)P colloid alone.
Potential Antitumor Agents. 24. Synthesis and Pharmacological Behavior of Imidazo[2,1-<i>b</i>]thiazole Guanylhydrazones Bearing at Least One Chlorine (1996)

In connection with a previous research dealing with the antitumor activity of imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole guanylhydrazones, this paper reports the synthesis of new derivatives which were tested for antitumor and positive inotropic activity. In most cases the cytotoxic data from the in vitro experiments (HeLa) were in agreement with the antitumor data in vivo (Ehrlich). The active compounds bear a phenyl ring at the 6 position. On the other hand, the most active cardiotonic agents were devoid of the phenyl ring.
Intracellular Ca <sup>2+</sup> Handling in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Is Affected by Proliferation (2000)

Despite intensive interest in the dedifferentiation process of vascular smooth muscle cells, very little data are available on intracellular Ca(2+) signaling. The present study was designed to investigate the evolution of the intracellular Ca(2+) pools when rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMCs) proliferate and to define the mechanisms involved in the functional alterations. RASMCs were cultured in different conditions, and [Ca(2+)](i) was measured by use of fura 2. Expression of the sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+) pumps (SERCA2a and SERCA2b), Ca(2+) channels, the ryanodine receptor (RyR), and the inositol trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) was studied by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence. Antibodies specific for myosin heavy chain isoforms were used as indicators of the differentiation state of the cell, whereas an anti-proliferating cell nuclear antigen antibody was a marker of proliferation. SERCA2a, SERCA2b, RyR3, and IP3R-1 mainly were present in the aorta in situ and in freshly isolated RASMCs. These cells used the 2 types of Ca(2+) channels to release Ca(2+) from a common thapsigargin-sensitive store. Proliferation of RASMCs, induced by serum or by platelet-derived growth factor-BB, resulted in the disappearance of RyR and SERCA2a mRNAs and proteins and in the loss of the caffeine- and ryanodine-sensitive pool. The differentiated nonproliferative phenotype was maintained in low serum or in cells cultured at high density. In these conditions, RyR and SERCA2a were also present in RASMCs. Thus, expression of RyR and SERCA2a is repressed by cell proliferation, inducing loss of the corresponding Ca(2+) pool. In arterial smooth muscle, Ca(2+) release through RyRs is involved in vasodilation, and suppression of the ryanodine-sensitive pool might thus alter the control of vascular tone.