gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PRODUCTIONOF CETANEIMPROVERFROMJathropa curcas Oil (2010)

ABSTRACT\nNitration of biodiesel from Jatropha curcas oil using mixture of HN03 and H2S04had been done in an attempt\nto obtain a cetane improver or cetane number enhancer. The nitration was carried out by varying the numbers of\nmoles of sulphuric acid, nitric acid, temperature and time. The process was conducted in a round bottom flask reactor that equipped with a magnetic stirrer and a ball cooler on a water batch. The mixture of H2S04 and HN03 was placed in the reactor and subsequentlyadded slowly with biodiesel drop by drop. Theresults showed that increasing the mole numbers of sulphuric acid tends to reduce the yield or volume and total N of nitrated biodiesel. Increasing the number of moles of nitric acid tends to increase the yield, but decrease the value of total N. While increasing of temperature and reaction time tends to reduce the yield and total N. From FTIR spectra product was estimated as a\nmixture of esters of alkyl nitrates and nitro. From the testing of cetane number it can be predicted that nitrated\nbiodiesel potentially as cetane improver.\nKeywords: cetane improver, jatropha oil, additive, diesel oil
Leptoclinidamines A−C, Indole Alkaloids from the Australian Ascidian <i>Leptoclinides durus</i> (2009)

Three new indole alkaloids, leptoclinidamines A-C (1-3), were isolated from the Australian ascidian Leptoclinides durus. Their structures were determined by analysis of 2D NMR spectra. Leptoclinidamines A and B both contain an indoleglyoxylic acid attached to an L-arginine. The structure of leptoclinidamine A was confirmed by total synthesis. Leptoclinidamine C contains the naturally rare 1,3-dimethyl-5-(methylthio)histidine attached to a 6-bromoindole-3-carboxylic acid. Leptoclinidamine C (3) and both enantiomers of leptoclinidamine A (1) were tested for antimalarial, antitrypanosomal, and cytotoxic activity, but none of the compounds were bioactive.
Porous Acrylic Cement: Evaluation of a Novel Implant Material (1988)

The preparation and some properties of in situ curing porous acrylic cement, a modification of the traditional bone cement, are described. Through numerous animal experiments, the behavior of the porous cement in a biological environment has been studied. The histological evaluation reveals that hard and soft tissues readily grow into the pores of the cement, thus anchoring the implant to the host tissues. Some inflammatory foci, decreasing in number with residence time, together with varying numbers of multinucleated giant cells were found occasionally in the tissues in and around implants. When implanted in soft tissues, the porous cement behaved favorably with respect to solid acrylic implants because of the immobility of the implants and the absence of ectopic hard tissue formation. The biocompatibility of porous acrylic cement is judged to justify clinical trials in plastic and reconstructive surgery.
Bladder Afferent Signaling: Recent Findings (2010)

To control dysfunctional micturition we must know more about all components involved in normal micturition control, including how afferent information is handled by the central nervous system.
Polymer modified bitumen (2012)

AbstractStandard methods of characterisation of bitumen (BIT) and polymer modified bitumen (PMB) do not provide sufficient information. We propose to rely on determination of rheological properties which are much more informative. Along theses lines, we have determined rheology before and after the rolling thin film oven test. The materials studied were BIT, BIT+linear (L), styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS), block copolymer, BIT+radial (R) and SBS copolymer. The rheological properties of the modified binders are characterised using a dynamic shear rheometer, over wide ranges of temperatures at a fixed traffic frequency of 10 rad s−1. The SBS block copolymers increase the elasticity of the BIT at high temperatures and contribute to a better flexibility at low temperatures. Polymer modified bitumens have higher resistance to permanent deformation. After aging, the hardening of BIT and PMBs occurred and the elastic response decreases as a consequence of degradation. The determined rheological properties are in agreement with the results of conventional tests.Keywords: Polymer modified bitumenRheological propertiesDSRSBS-LSBS-RThermooxidative degradation The financial support of the Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia (grant no. 125-125-2971-2578) is acknowledged.
High frequency trading an analysis regarding volatility and liquidity starting from a base case of algorithms and a dedicated software architecture (2014)

High-frequency algorithmic trading has had significant success in recent years due to technological advances and innovations around trading activities. The technique involves the use of algorithms to acquire, process and react to market information at high speed. This paper introduces a reference architecture for performing such trading and dissects a example transaction. We show the life-cycle of the connections between the client and the trading platform; the structure and dynamics of the data processed by the algorithm, and the response of the trading platform. The paper helps understand the components involved in this process and acts as a basic use-case that allows the reader to develop further more sophisticated financial applications.
Fingerprint Matching Using Phase-Only Correlation and Fourier-Mellin Transforms (2006)

A novel correlation-based fingerprint matching method is present. Traditional correlation methods have to calculate the correlation over all possible rotations to determine the rotation angle between the template and query fingerprint image when this angle is unknown. In this paper we achieve the alignment by Fourier-Mellin transform (FMT), which can quickly align two images without the time-consuming test, and use the band-limited phase-only correlation (BLPOC) method to match two aligned images. The BLPOC method is more robust to the noise and can provide a sharper peak to distinguish between the genuine and impostor matching than the original phase-only correlation (POC). The experimental results on FVC2002 fingerprint databases show that the proposed algorithm is effective
Image encryption based on chaos with PWL memristor in Chua's circuit (2009)

Image encryption algorithm based on chaotic system has been increasingly, but the disadvantages of small key space, weak security in low dimensional chaotic cryptosystems, simple chaotic system, and inconvenient for hardware implementation are obvious. This paper presents a new image encryption algorithm based on chaos with PWL memristor in Chua's circuit. This encryption algorithm includes two main operations of image scrambling and pixel replacement. Simulations show that the key space is large, and the attacker can not decrypt an encrypted image without the correct key. The encryption algorithm has high-level security.
Are They Different? Affect, Feeling, Emotion, Sentiment, and Opinion Detection in Text (2014)

A major limitation in the automatic detection of affect, feelings, emotions, sentiments, and opinions in text is the lack of proper differentiation between these subjective terms and understanding of how they relate to one another. This lack of differentiation not only leads to inconsistency in terminology usage but also makes the subtleties and nuances expressed by the five terms difficult to understand, resulting in subpar detection of the terms in text. In light of such limitation, this paper clarifies the differences between these five subjective terms and reveals significant concepts to the computational linguistics community for their effective detection and processing in text.
Measurement of the hyperelastic properties of tissue slices with tumour inclusion (2008)

The elastic and hyperelastic properties of biological soft tissues have been of interest to the medical community as there are several applications where parameters characterizing these properties are critical for a reliable outcome. This includes applications such as surgery planning, needle biopsy and cancer diagnosis using medical imaging. While there has been considerable research on the measurement of the linear elastic modulus of small tissue samples, little research has been conducted for measuring parameters that characterize nonlinear elasticity of tissues included in slice specimens. In this paper, we present a method of measuring the hyperelastic parameters of tissue slice samples with tumours. In this method, to measure the hyperelastic properties of a tumour within a slice sample, the tumour was indented to acquire its force–displacement response while the slice remained intact. To calculate the hyperelastic parameters from the acquired data, we developed two inversion techniques that use the slice nonlinear finite element model as their forward problem solver. One of these techniques was based on nonlinear optimization while the other is a novel iterative technique that processes the variable slopes of the force–displacement response to calculate the hyperelastic parameters. The latter was developed specifically for the Yeoh and the second-order polynomial hyperelastic models, since we found that the other optimization-based inversion technique did not perform well with these models. To validate the proposed techniques, we performed numerical and phantom experiments. While we were able to achieve convergence with wide ranges of parameters of initial guesses to within 1% error with the numerical simulation experiments, we achieved convergence to within errors of around 5% with the tissue mimicking phantoms. Moreover, we successfully applied these techniques to data we acquired from nine pathological breast tissue slice specimens where the goal was to determine the hyperelastic properties of the tumour within the breast tissue slices.
CD4+CD25− T Cells in Aged Mice Are Hyporesponsive and Exhibit Suppressive Activity (2003)

Studies on humans and rodents have established that functional deterioration of CD4 T cells occurs with aging. We report in this study that approximately 70% of CD4(+)CD25(-) T cell preparations from individual 24-mo-old mice are hyporesponsive to in vitro stimulation with anti-CD3 Ab. The remaining 30% of CD4(+)CD25(-) T cell preparations showing the intermediate or normal responsiveness in the primary stimulation also exhibit the hyporesponsive properties after primary stimulation. Both of these hyporesponsive aged CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells could inhibit the proliferation of cocultured CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells from young mice, like CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells, which have recently been demonstrated as an immune regulator in young mice. Another experiment revealed that hyporesponsive aged CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells arrest the cell division of cocultured young CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells. The suppressive activity observed in aged CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells is aging-dependent, not mediated by humoral factors, cell-contact dependent, and broken by the addition of IL-2 or anti-GITR Ab, but not by anti-CTLA-4 Ab. These studies show that aging not only leads to a decline in the ability to mount CD4(+)CD25(-) T cell responses, but at the same time, also renders these aged CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells suppressive.
High-Efficiency Phosphorescent White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with Stable Emission Spectrum Based on RGB Separately Monochromatic Emission Layers (2014)

Highly efficient phosphorescent white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) with stable emission spectra are successfully fabricated by using an RGB three-color separately monochromatic emission layer (EML) structure. The EML consists of a sequence of bis(2-methyldibenzo[f, h]quinoxaline) (acetylacetonate) iridium (III) (Ir(MDQ)2 (acac)) doped tris(4-carbazoyl-9-ylphenyl)amine (TCTA) as the red emission layer, iridium, tris(2-phenylpyidine)(Ir(ppy)3) doped TCTA as the green emission layer and iridium(III) [bis(4, 6-difuorophenyl)-pyridinato-N, C2']picolinate (FIrpic) doped a mixed-host of TCTA and tris(4-carbazoyl-9-ylphenyl)amine (26DCz PPy) as the blue emission layer. Without using any out-coupling techniques, the resulting WOLEDs achieve a power efficiency of 42lm/W at 100 cd/m2, and 34 lm/W at 1000 cd/m2. The WOLEDs also show excellent spectrum stability with bias voltages, remaining the Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage coordinates at (0.44, 0.43) from 1000 cd/m2 to 10000 cd/m2 and the color rendering index is as high as over 80. We contribute the stable emission spectrum to the RGB separate EML structure that successfully suppresses the undesired competition between host-guest energy transfer and direct exciton formation on emissive dopants by effectively controlling the position of exciton recombination region.
Studies on the pharmacological control of gastric emptying in man. (1985)

Three compounds with differing pharmacological properties have been studied with respect to their effects on gastric emptying, BP, pulse rate and sedation in comparison with placebo in three groups of normal male volunteers. BRL 20627 (10 mg i.v.), a benzamide without dopamine antagonist activity, increased gastric emptying rate (t0.5 BRL 20627 8.3 +/- 0.87 min, placebo 13.8 +/- 2.29 min, P less than 0.005). Zetidoline (20 mg orally), a dopamine D2-receptor antagonist had no significant effect on gastric emptying parameters. BK 34/530 (50 and 100 mg orally) a compound with mixed dopamine agonist and alpha-adrenoceptor antagonist activity, impaired gastric adaptive relaxation as measured by the volume 5 min after the drink and at the higher dose delayed gastric emptying (placebo--5 min volume 256 +/- 44.3 ml, t0.5 15.3 +/- 1.32 min: 50 mg BK 34/530-5 min volume 247 +/- 38 ml, t0.5 14.2 +/- 1.94 min: 100 mg BK 34/530-5 min volume 228 +/- 43.7 ml, t0.5 21.1 +/- 3.82 min). All three drugs resulted in small but significant falls in blood pressure, and in the case of BK 34/530 the 100 mg dose caused significant tachycardia. These studies suggest that dopamine antagonist activity is not a prerequisite for 'gastrokinetic' effects in man, and that there is no inhibitory dopaminergic tone on gastric emptying in normal subjects.
Insecurity of Voice Solution VoLTE in LTE Mobile Networks (2015)

VoLTE (Voice-over-LTE) is the designated voice solution to the LTE mobile network, and its worldwide deployment is underway. It reshapes call services from the traditional circuit-switched telecom telephony to the packet-switched Internet VoIP. In this work, we conduct the first study on VoLTE security before its full rollout. We discover several vulnerabilities in both its control-plane and data-plane functions, which can be exploited to disrupt both data and voice in operational networks. In particular, we find that the adversary can easily gain free data access, shut down continuing data access, or subdue an ongoing call, etc. We validate these proof-of-concept attacks using commodity smartphones (rooted and unrooted) in two Tier-1 US mobile carriers. Our analysis reveals that, the problems stem from both the device and the network. The device OS and chipset fail to prohibit non-VoLTE apps from accessing and injecting packets into VoLTE control and data planes. The network infrastructure also lacks proper access control and runtime check.
Mad3 KEN Boxes Mediate both Cdc20 and Mad3 Turnover, and Are Critical for the Spindle Checkpoint (2007)

Mitotic progression is controlled by proteolytic destruction of securin and cyclin. The mitotic E3 ubiquitin ligase, known as the anaphase promoting complex or cyclosome (APC/C), in partnership with its activators Cdc20p and Cdh1p, targets these proteins for degradation. In the presence of defective kinetochore-microtubule interactions, APC/C(Cdc20) is inhibited by the spindle checkpoint, thereby delaying anaphase onset and providing more time for spindle assembly. Cdc20p interacts directly with Mad2p, and its levels are subject to careful regulation, but the precise mode(s) of APC/C( Cdc20) inhibition remain unclear. The mitotic checkpoint complex (MCC, consisting of Mad3p, Mad2p, Bub3p and Cdc20p in budding yeast) is a potent APC/C inhibitor. Here we focus on Mad3p and how it acts, in concert with Mad2p, to efficiently inhibit Cdc20p. We identify and analyse the function of two motifs in Mad3p, KEN30 and KEN296, which are conserved from yeast Mad3p to human BubR1. These KEN amino acid sequences resemble 'degron' signals that confer interaction with APC/C activators and target proteins for degradation. We show that both Mad3p KEN boxes are necessary for spindle checkpoint function. Mutation of KEN30 abolished MCC formation and stabilised Cdc20p in mitosis. In addition, mutation of Mad3-KEN30, APC/C subunits, or Cdh1p, stabilised Mad3p in G1, indicating that the N-terminal KEN box could be a Mad3p degron. To determine the significance of Mad3p turnover, we analysed the consequences of MAD3 overexpression and found that four-fold overproduction of Mad3p led to chromosome bi-orientation defects and significant chromosome loss during recovery from anti-microtubule drug induced checkpoint arrest. In conclusion, Mad3p KEN30 mediates interactions that regulate the proteolytic turnover of Cdc20p and Mad3p, and the levels of both of these proteins are critical for spindle checkpoint signaling and high fidelity chromosome segregation.
A simple CMOS delay model for wide applications (2002)

In this paper, we propose a delay model of CMOS gates for wide application. After introducing a delay model for the CMOS inverter, we develop it for other CMOS gates. In this process, we first remodel the MOSFET and the input signal effectively, and then, we model the MOSFETs in the inverter as a resistor or a current source according to both the input voltage and the output voltage of the inverter such that, when the MOSFET is in the saturation mode, it is modeled as a current source and when it is in the nonsaturation mode, it is modeled as a resistor. The delay model for the CMOS inverter is simply converted for other CMOS gates by minor manipulation. Our model has an accuracy of less than 5% error rate from the SPICE simulation results for the fifteen cascaded CMOS gates of inverter, NAND and NOR.
A study on the effects of lightning and marker color variation to marker detection and tracking accuracy in gait analysis system (2009)

This work is a part of the project to develop a multicamera 3-D gait analysis system based on passive markers. The system consists of two modules, i.e. the camera synchronization and calibration module and the marker detection and tracking module. The work presented in this paper concerns with the automatic detection of 2-D marker coordinates from the video recording produced by one camera. 2-D coordinates as a result from this module could be transformed into 3-D gait coordinates when combined with another 2-D coordinates detected from different camera, by using the calibration module. Videography is one of common methods for gait analysis, in which we use one or more camera for passive marker detection and tracking. These passive markers are reflective markers that reflect light from light source around them to camera and result as proportional electric current from camera to computer. Detection and tracking module developed in this work is based on videography method and has three specifications that are it has ability to detects passive marker in normal condition of light, it designed for 3D application, and it has ability to detect several colors of markers for solving the problem rise from false marker detection in condition where marker displacement on each frame transition bigger than distance between markers on patient.
Fast and Accurate Algorithm for Motion Estimation in Mobile Environments (2010)

본 논문에서는 모바일 환경에서 모션을 추정하기 위하여 특징점을 코너로 선택하고, 기존 코너 검출 알고리즘인 Rosten 알고리즘 보다 모션 추정의 정확성을 높이는 방법을 제안한다. Rosten 알고리즘은 간단한 덧셈과 뺄셈만으로 코너를 검출함에 따라 처리 속도가 빠른 장점이 있지만, 코너를 매칭하면서 모션추정의 성능이 떨어지는 단점을 가지고 있다. 우리는 Normalized Cross Correlation(NCC) 계수를 사용하여 코너를 매칭하고, 두 단계에 걸쳐 부정확한 매칭에 의한 외톨이를 제거한다. 기존의 Rosten 알고리즘과 제안하는 알고리즘을 실제 영상에서 실험을 통하여 성능을 비교하고, 실제 모바일 장치의 응용 프로그램에 적용한다. 제안한 알고리즘이 Rosten 알고리즘 보다 더 정확한 모션을 추정해 냄을 실험 결과 확인하였고, 실제 모바일 환경에서도 실시간으로 동작함을 확인하였다. In this paper, we propose a new method of improving accuracy of motion estimation in mobile environments, compared with Rosten's algorithm. The present method selects corners as feature points. The Rosten's algorithm uses simple addition and subtraction to detect the corners. Although it has the advantage of faster processing speed, Rosten's algorithm has a drawback of low performance in motion estimation. We use the NCC(Normalized Cross Correlation) coefficients to match the corners, and remove in two steps the outliers of inaccurate matching corners. We compare the proposed algorithm with Rosten's algorithm by applying both to the real images. We find that the proposed method shows better performance than Rosten's algorithm in motion estimation. In addition, we implement the present method on mobile devices and confirm that it works in mobile environments in real time.
Darstellung und Kristallstruktur von Cs<sub>2</sub>Sn<sub>3</sub>Se<sub>7</sub>, ein Cäsium-selenostannat(IV) mit fünffach koordiniertem Zinn / Preparation and Crystal Structure of Cs<sub>2</sub>Sn<sub>3</sub>Se<sub>7</sub>, a Cesium Selenostannate(IV) with Pentacoordinated Tin (1990)

Methanolothermal reaction of Cs 2 CO 3 with SnSe, in the presence of SnSe at 160 C and 13 bar yields the selenostannates(IV) Cs 4 Sn 2 Se 6 and Cs,Sn 3 Se 7 . The structure of the latter phase was established by X-ray structural analysis. The crystal structure contains polyselenostannate(IV) sheet anions [Sn 3 Se 7 2- ] ∞ 2 , for which the basic elements are trigonal SnSe 5 -bipyramids. Six of the seven independent selenium atoms in the asymmetric unit are coordinated by two tin atoms, one by three atoms. Neighbouring anion sheets are so placed that channels are formed which contain two independent cesium cations; these display coordination numbers of, respectively, eight and seven.
Occupational Health (1963)

Journal Article Occupational Health Get access OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH IN FOUR COUNTRIESGeneva. 1963. World Health Organization R. MURRAY R. MURRAY Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Occupational Medicine, Volume 13, Issue 1, April 1963, Page 31, https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/13.1.31 Published: 01 April 1963