gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Is Variant Anatomy of Atlas Clinically Important? A Review (2014)

Atlas occupies the most important and vital position interfacing skull cranially and axis caudally constituting atlanto-occipital and atlanto-axial joints. So it helps in complex biomechanical movements of skull and neck along with weight transmission of skull to spine. Besides this it paves the way for spinomedullary junction through vertebral foramen, vertebral artery and first cervical nerve over superior surface of posterior arch making it more vulnerable. Above mentioned reasons may make atlas most favorable for anatomical variations of all the vertebrae. Thus any of these anatomical variations of atlas causing pathology thereby clinical complication will be of paramount importance for health scientist and medical professionals. It is therefore necessary to make the health caring scientists and doctors to update the knowledge of the morphological variants consisting of occipitalization, cleft, hypoplasia and aplasia of anterior and posterior arches, bridging of vertebral groove and foramen transversarium of atlas. These morphological variations in atlas vertebra are related to bundle of clinical complications. This systematic review analyses available information on the clinical anatomy of the atlas vertebra. A literature search using electronic databases and standard anatomy references text books was conducted. The search was restricted to English language only. The study will be of paramount importance to Anatomists, clinicians and radiologists for updating their knowledge of current developments in this field.
디젤 인젝터 분사율 예측을 위한 AMESim 기반 1-D 모델 구축 (2020)

Recently, 1-D model-based engine development using virtual engine system is getting more attention than experimental-based engine development due to the advantages in time and cost. Injection rate profile is the one of the main parameters that determine the start and end of combustion. Therefore, it is essential to set up a sophisticated model to accurately predict the injection rate as starting point of virtual engine system. In this research, procedure of 1-D model setup based on AMESim is introduced to predict the dynamic behavior and injection rate of diesel injector. As a first step, detailed 3D cross-sectional drawing of the injector was achieved, which can be done with help of precision measurement system. Then an approximate AMESim model was provided based on the 3D drawing, which is composed of three part such as solenoid part, control chamber part and needle and nozzle orifice part. However, validation results in terms of total injection quantity showed some errors over the acceptable level. Therefore, experimental work including needle movement visualization, solenoid part analysis and flow characteristics of injector part was performed together to provide more accuracy of 1-D model. Finally, 1-D model with the accuracy of less than 10% of error compared with experimental result in terms of injection quantity and injection rate shape under normal temperature and single injection condition was established. Further work considering fuel temperature and multiple injection will be performed.
Comunicação eficaz através da língua brasileira de sinais do profissional de enfermagem com os deficientes auditivos (2018)

Pessoas portadoras de deficiência auditiva podem enfrentar problemas concernentes à comunicação efetiva no atendimento em saúde. Os deficientes auditivos (DA) no Brasil somam, cerca de 5,7 milhões. Desses, aproximadamente um milhão apresentam surdez severa1. Embora sejam feitas muitas pesquisas sobre a comunicação não-verbal, é escassa a literatura existente a respeito da comunicação de profissionais de saúde com populações surdas. O presente estudo se justifica pela lacuna de investigações relacionadas com as dificuldades do surdo para acessar os serviços de saúde devido às barreiras da comunicação. Sendo a comunicação primordial para que se efetive um atendimento de qualidade, afim de que restaure a cura ao doente. Os profissionais de enfermagem devem estar qualificados para humanizar seus serviços à essa comunidade. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi investigar como ocorre a comunicação entre enfermeiros e os deficientes auditivos do município de Valparaiso de Goiás. Trata-se de um estudo transversal quanti-qualitativa nos hospitais e ESFs. Observou-se que os profissionais de enfermagem necessitam ainda de uma maior conscientização e capacitação do processo de inclusão das pessoas surdas.\n\n\nDescritores: Deficiência auditiva; comunicação; enfermagem.
Effect of phosphate supplementation on metabolic and neuroendocrine responses to exercise and oral glucose load in obese women during weight reduction. (1993)

Thirty six obese women (BMI 29.5 to 44.0 kg m-2, aged 27 to 45 yrs) participated in the 4- week weight reducing program. All of them have prescribed low fat diet of approx. 4.2 MJ (1000 kcal per day) with high viscous fibre capsules as a basic supplement. In addition 18 women (group 1) received Redusan mineral tablets containing mainly calcium and potassium phosphates while the remaining subjects (group 2) were given Placebo instead of mineral tablets. Before energy restriction and after 4 weeks on the diet, half of the women from each group performed 30 min--bicycle ergometer exercise (30-50 W; HR approx. 110 beats.min-1). The remaining subjects were submitted to oral glucose (75 g) tolerance test (OGTT). Weight loss during energy restriction was not affected by phosphate supplementation (4.6 +/- 0.4 and 5.2 +/- 0.5 kg in group 1 and 2, respectively). Phosphates caused a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the resting metabolic rate (RMR). Net energy cost of work, resting and post-exercise blood glucose, lactate, plasma FFA, adrenalin, cortisol, growth hormone, insulin and testosterone did not differ between the groups receiving phosphates and placebo while respiratory exchange ratio was slightly higher (p < 0.05), and the plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate concentration lower (p < 0.05) than without phosphate supplementation. Post-exercise plasma noradrenaline was significantly lowered after 4 weeks of energy restriction in group 2 (on Placebo). Neither blood glucose, plasma insulin and noradrenaline responses to oral glucose ingestion nor the glucose induced thermogenesis were significantly affected by phosphate supplementation, whilst blood pressure increases following glucose load were reduced (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the present study confirmed a potential usefulness of phosphate supplementation during energy restriction in obese patients due to its effect on resting metabolic rate. The results did not, however, reveal any major alterations in the metabolic and hormonal responses to exercise or to glucose ingestion in comparison with placebo treatment.
Management of Hysteroscopic Surgery Complications (1999)

Hysteroscopic surgery is considered a safe, routine gynecologic procedure performed in the OR and in office settings. Complications are rare; however, when complications do occur they can be severe and rapid. The surgical team members must understand the significance of patient monitoring and proper equipment operation to ensure positive patient outcomes. This article discusses complications from intravasation of various distending media used during hysteroscopy and the complication of hyponatremia. A physiologic approach to these problems enhances awareness of the significance of patient monitoring during hysteroscopic procedures.
Two-path photo-induced electron transfer in naphthalimide-based model compound (1999)

A photo-induced electron transfer (PET) model compound in the form acceptor–fluorophore–donor and its reference compounds were synthesized. Because the fluorescence of the fluorophore 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide (ANI) was quenched by any PET process from donor to fluorophore (PET input path) or from fluorophore to acceptor (PET output path), therefore, if one of the above two paths was switched off, the occurrence of the PET process via the other PET path could be investigated by the fluorescence behavior of 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide. Thus, the two-path PET in the model compound could be probed individually through the fluorescence signal of 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide. Switching off the PET input path could be achieved by protonation (or quaternization) of the tertiary amine donor. The intramolecular electric field, which forced the electron transfer to proceed via the output path, could be destroyed through symmetrization of the model compound by the introduction of an identical amine substituent on the non-substituted 1,8-naphthalimide acceptor. It is worth noting that once either of the paths was of the status of “on”, PET occurred and the fluorescence signal of 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide was quenched.
Perspectives on the Professional Socialization of Women Faculty (1986)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Additional informationNotes on contributorsShirley M. ClarkShirley M. Clark is professor of education and sociology and Mary Corcoran is professor of higher education and educational psychology at the University of Minnesota.Mary CorcoranShirley M. Clark is professor of education and sociology and Mary Corcoran is professor of higher education and educational psychology at the University of Minnesota.
Key technical considerations when using Ethernet solutions in existing ATM and frame relay networks (2004)

The benefits of using Ethernet in existing ATM and frame relay networks have captured the interest of many service providers and vendors in the WAN industry. As islands of metro Ethernet networks for WAN services are deployed in this newly emerging market, established ATM and frame relay operators are priming themselves to leverage complementary benefits and venture into extended and innovative service offerings, while streamlining infrastructure costs.
‘There Aren’t Words for What We Do or How We Feel So We Have To Make Them Up’: Constructing Polyamorous Languages in a Culture of Compulsory Monogamy (2006)

Polyamory is an emerging sexual story that troubles mononormativity: the dominant discourse of monogamy which is reproduced and perpetuated in everyday conversation and saturates mainstream media depictions. Through an analysis of online discussions, websites and self-help books, this article explores the ways in which members of polyamorous communities construct their identities through language. We argue that the potentials of polyamory are, to some extent, constrained by the conventional mononormative language of partnerships, infidelities and jealousy. However, alternative languages are emerging which offer new discursive possibilities for the development of polyamorous identities, relationships and emotions.
Metal-to-Multilayer-Graphene Contact—Part I: Contact Resistance Modeling (2012)

Parasitic components are becoming increasingly important with geometric scaling in nanoscale electronic devices and interconnects. The parasitic contact resistance between metal electrodes and multilayer graphene (MLG) is a key factor determining the performance of MLG-based structures in various applications. The available methods for characterizing metal–MLG contact interfaces rely on a model based on the top-contact structure, but it ignores the edge contacts that can greatly reduce the contact resistance. Therefore, in the present work, a rigorous theoretical 1-D model for metal–MLG contact is developed for the first time. The contribution of the major components of resistance—the top and edge contacts (side and end contacts) and the MLG sheet resistivity—to the total resistance of the structure is included in the model. The 1-D model is compared to a 3-D model of the system, and a method for investigation and optimization of the range of validity of the 1-D model is developed. The results of this work provide valuable insight to both the characterization and design of metal–MLG contacts.
Clinical Experience With Ibrutinib Alone or in Combination With Either Cytarabine or Azacitidine in Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia (2019)

Ibrutinib alone or in combination with cytarabine or azacitidine demonstrated an acceptable safety profile. However, limited efficacy with ibrutinib was observed in patients with AML.
Effects of Different Titanium Alloys and Nanosize Surface Patterning on Adhesion, Differentiation, and Orientation of Osteoblast-Like Cells (2005)

To test nanosize surface patterning for application as implant material, a suitable titanium composition has to be found first. Therefore we investigated the effect of surface chemistry on attachment and differentiation of osteoblast-like cells on pure titanium prepared by pulsed laser deposition (TiPLD) and different Ti alloys (Ti6Al4V, TiNb30 and TiNb13Zr13). Early attachment (30 min) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity (day 5) was found to be fastest and highest, respectively, in cells grown on TiPLD and Ti6Al4V. Osteoblasts seeded on TiPLD produced most osteopontin (day 10), whereas expression of this extracellular matrix protein was an order of magnitude lower on the TiNb30 surface. In contrast, expression of the corresponding receptor, CD44, was not influenced by surface chemistry. Thus, TiPLD was used for further experiments to explore the influence of surface nanostructures on osteoblast adhesion, differentiation and orientation. By laser-induced oxidation, we produced patterns of parallel Ti oxide lines with different widths (0.2-10 microm) and distances (2-20 and 1,000 microm), but a common height of only 12 nm. These structures did not influence ALP activity (days 5-9), but had a positive effect on cell alignment. Two days after plating, the majority of the focal contacts were placed on the oxide lines. The portion of larger focal adhesions bridging two lines was inversely related to the line distance (2-20 microm). In contrast, the portion of aligned cells did not depend on the line distance. On average, 43% of the cells orientated parallel towards the lines, whereas 34% orientated vertically. In the control pattern (1,000 microm line distance), cell distribution was completely at random. Because a significant surplus of the cells preferred a parallel alignment, the nanosize difference in height between Ti surface and oxide lines may be sufficient to orientate the cells by contact guiding. However, gradients in electrostatic potential and surface charge density at the Ti/Ti oxide interface may additionally influence focal contact formation and cell guidance.
[Stable inheritance of hpt gene in transgenic rice plants mediated by biolistic bombardment]. (2000)

Japonica rice cv 77170 was transformed with pBI222 carrying hygromycin phosphotransferase gene (hpt) by using biolistic bombardment and fertile transgenic rice plants were obtained. In T1 and most T2 generation the performance of hygromycin resistance was normal. Only in T2 progeny of SG-15 some lines showed decreased resistance. Mendelian inheritance of hygromycin resistance was showed as single dominant locus and proved by Southern blotting analysis in T1 and T2 generation of all transgenic plants. Multiple copies of hpt integrated into rice genome. These copies linked closely and inherited stablly. Msp I digested Southern blotting showed that methylation of hpt existed commonly in transgenic plants and their progeny, therefore uncomplete silencing of hpt in some T2 progeny of SG-15 was not associated with hpt methylation probably.
Poloxamer 188 Facilitates the Repair of Alveolus Resident Cells in Ventilator-injured Lungs (2011)

P188 facilitates plasma membrane repair in alveolus resident cells, but has no salutary effects on lung mechanics or vascular barrier properties in live animals. This discordance may have pathophysiological significance for the interdependence of different injury mechanisms and therapeutic implications regarding the benefits of prolonging the life of stress-activated cells.
Progesterone and Estrogen Production by Placental Monolayer Cultures: Effect of Dehydroepiandrosterone and Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone* (1983)

The effect of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA) and LRH on estrogen and progesterone production by cultured placental cells has been investigated. Placental monolayer cultures were established by trypsin dispersion of term placental villi and were maintained for 5 days in culture medium containing either no steroid or 10(-7) - 10(-5)M DHA, DHA sulfate (DHAS), or 16 alpha-hydroxy-DHA (16 alpha-OH DHA), in all cases with and without the addition of 2 X 10(-7) or 2 X 10(-6)M LRH. The cultures were changed every 24 h, and the media collected were analyzed for estrogen and progesterone by RIA. 17 beta-Estradiol production was dependent on the presence of DHA or DHAS in the medium and increased in proportion to the concentration of precursor added. Similarly, estriol was produced in proportion to the amount of 16 alpha-OH DHA added to the medium. At the same time, high concentrations (10(-5) M) of DHA and DHAS, but not 16 alpha-OH DHA, markedly suppressed progesterone production. LRH had an inhibitory effect on both progesterone and estrogen output by the cultures. These studies suggest that not only the fetus, through its increasing adrenal production of DHA and DHAS toward term, but the placenta itself, through its production of LRH, could modulate placental steroid synthesis.
Differential Effects of Topical Vitamin E and C E Ferulic® Treatments on Ultraviolet Light B-Induced Cutaneous Tumor Development in Skh-1 Mice (2013)

Because of the ever-increasing incidence of ultraviolet light B (UVB)-induced skin cancer, considerable attention is being paid to prevention through the use of both sunscreens and after sun treatments, many of which contain antioxidants. Vitamin E is included as an antioxidant in many sunscreens and lotions currently on the market. Studies examining the efficacy of vitamin E as a topical preventative agent for UVB-induced skin cancer have yielded conflicting results. A likely contributor to differences in study outcome is the stability of vitamin E in the particular formulation being tested. In the current study we examined the effects of topical vitamin E alone as well as vitamin E combined with vitamin C and ferulic acid in a more stable topical formula (C E Ferulic®). Mice were exposed to UVB for 10 weeks in order to induce skin damage. Then, before the appearance of any cutaneous lesions, mice were treated for 15 weeks with a topical antioxidant, without any further UVB exposure. We found that topical C E Ferulic decreased tumor number and tumor burden and prevented the development of malignant skin tumors in female mice with chronically UVB-damaged skin. In contrast, female mice chronically exposed to UVB and treated topically with vitamin E alone showed a trend towards increased tumor growth rate and exhibited increased levels of overall DNA damage, cutaneous proliferation, and angiogenesis compared to vehicle-treated mice. Thus, we have demonstrated that topical 5% alpha tocopherol may actually promote carcinogenesis when applied on chronically UVB-damaged skin while treating with a more stable antioxidant compound may offer therapeutic benefits.
Quantitative Amino Acid Analysis (1996)

This overview unit describes the information that can be derived from quantitative amino acid analysis, presents some details on sample preparation, and gives examples of the calculations that are needed.
Simultaneously Increasing the Ductility and Strength of Nanostructured Alloys (2006)

Simultaneous increase of the ductility and strength of a bulk nanostructured Al alloy with an average grain size of ∼ 100 nm (curve NS) has been achieved by precipitating Guinier–Preston (G–P) zones, η′, and η particles (curve NS+P). Bulk nanostructured materials usually have high strength, but disappointingly low ductility. All previous attempts to enhance the ductility of nanostructured materials have sacrificed their yield strengths. This strategy is applicable to many nanostructured alloys and composites. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2089/2006/c0310_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
The Ubiquitin Ligase SCF(βTrCP) Regulates the Degradation of the Growth Hormone Receptor (2007)

SCF ubiquitin ligases play a pivotal role in the regulation of cell division and various signal transduction pathways, which in turn are involved in cell growth, survival, and transformation. SCF(TrCP) recognizes the double phosphorylated DSGPhiXS destruction motif in beta-catenin and IkappaB. We show that the same ligase drives endocytosis and degradation of the growth hormone receptor (GHR) in a ligand-independent fashion. The F-box protein beta-TrCP binds directly and specifically with its WD40 domain to a novel recognition motif, previously designated as the ubiquitin-dependent endocytosis motif. Receptor degradation requires an active neddylation system, implicating ubiquitin ligase activity. GHR-TrCP binding, but not GHR ubiquitination, is necessary for endocytosis. TrCP2 silencing is more effective on GHR degradation and endocytosis than TrCP1, although overexpression of either isoform restores TrCP function in silenced cells. Together, these findings provide direct evidence for a key role of the SCF(TrCP) in the endocytosis and degradation of an important factor in growth, immunity, and life span regulation.
A Hypotonic Infant With Complete Deficiencies of Acid Maltase and Debrancher Enzyme (1994)

Infantile acid maltase deficiency is an autosomal recessive disease that invariably leads to death in the first 2 years of life. Debrancher deficiency, also an autosomal recessive disease, however, carriers a slowly progressive course. We report a hypotonic infant with a typical clinical course of infantile acid maltase deficiency in whom biochemical investigation revealed complete deficiencies of both acid maltase and debrancher enzyme.
Über die Einwirkung von Schwefeldioxyd auf Ammoniak (1950)

Abstract Durch Umsetzen von gasförmigem SO 2 mit gasförmigem NH 3 wird SO 2 · NH 3 dar gestellt. Die Hydrolyse der bei verschiedenen Temperaturen bereiteten Produkte wird untersucht. Dabei ergibt sich, daß sich SO 2 unter dem Einfluß des Ammoniaks leicht disproportioniert; S 4+ geht in Schwefel der Oxydationsstufen 0, +2 und +6 über. Nur die bei sehr tiefen Temperaturen dargestellten Stoffe liefern bei der Umsetzung mit Wasser quantitativ HSO′ 3 und NH 4 . Bei Zimmertemperatur hergestelltes SO 2 · NH 3 gibt bei der Hydrolyse bereits auch S 3 O″ 6 , SO″ 4 und S 2 O″ 3 . Gewinnt man SO 2 · NH 3 bei höheren Temperaturen, oder erhitzt man das Produkt nachträglich bis auf 80°, so kann man Amidosulfonat und Imidosulfonat, N 4 S 4 , elementaren Schwefel und N 2 S 4 erhalten.