gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Meteoroid activity on the lunar surface from the Surveyor 3 sample examination (1971)

The Surveyor 3 television camera shroud and polished aluminum tube, retrieved as a result of the Apollo 12 mission after 2-1/2 years on the lunar surface, were examined at the NASA Manned Spacecraft Center for evidence of meteoroid impact. The results of this examination were compared with other estimates of the meteoroid flux in the lunar vicinity and are shown to be in good agreement with the Lunar Orbiter penetration rates. In addition, the relationship between a derived lunar surface meteoroid cumulative-flux model and the comparable near-earth model is discussed in the light of theoretical predictions. It is shown that the effect of the gravitational field of the earth on the near-earth environment was greater than previously predicted. The implication is that the average meteoroid velocity relative to the earth is probably 17 km/s. The many low velocity impacts on the Surveyor 3 camera and tube are shown to be of lunar surface origin and to be primarily the result of rocket exhaust interaction.
The pro region required for folding of carboxypeptidase Y is a partially folded domain with little regular structural core (1993)

The pro region of carboxypeptidase Y (CPY) from yeast is necessary for the correct folding of the enzyme [Winther, J. R., & Sørensen P. (1991) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88, 9330-9334]. Using fluorescence, circular dichroism, and heteronuclear NMR analyses, it is demonstrated that the isolated pro region is a partially folded protein domain under the conditions where it is functional. It is characterized by a relatively high content of secondary structural elements but a very low content of defined tertiary structure. Although these characteristics are reminiscent of the compact denatured states that have been identified as intermediates in protein folding ("molten globules"), the pro region exhibits only very weak binding of the hydrophobic probe 1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate, and it is resistant toward complete thermal unfolding. Altogether the data indicate an extremely flexible structure that has little regular structural core. It is proposed that the feature of a partially folded domain per se is important for the function of the pro region of CPY as a "co-translational chaperone".
[Alveolar proteinosis in a facade plasterer. A sequential study of bronchoalveolar lavage and thoracic computerized tomography]. (1990)

Alveolar proteinosis is a rare disease. We report a case occurring in a patient who smoked and was a facade plasterer who was treated with repeated pulmonary lavage. A mineral analysis of the lavage fluid recovered a significant amount of silica and iron oxide confirming the massive exposure of the patient to these minerals. The favourable outcome over the next 7 years was associated as regards respiratory function, with a progressive improvement in lung volumes and pulmonary output and of CO diffusion capacity, as regards broncho-alveolar lavage there was a regular increase in the cellularity and finally as regards CT scanning (at high resolution) there was a progressive clearing of the alveolar opacities only leaving the persistent opacities in the interstitium.
A concise enantioselective synthesis of N-morpholinosphingosines from D-aspartic acid (1995)

D-Aspartic acid, by N-tosylation, anhydride formation, reduction, α-hydroxylation and iodo-esterification, gives ethyl (2R,3R)-3-[(N-tosyl)amino]-2-hydroxy-4-iodobutyrate which, by treatment with morpholine, silylation, DIBAH reduction, Wittig reaction and deprotection, gives the N-morpholinosphingosine 13 in an overall yield of 27%.
Tin and lead as selective catalysts in the direct synthesis of methylchlorosilanes (1963)

Abstract In this paper experiments are described in which tin and lead are used as selective catalysts for the synthesis of methyltrichlorosilane (80‐90% yield) and methyldichlorosilane (72% yield), respectively. For the methyltrichlorosilane synthesis, the reaction velocity is given as a function of temperature and conversion of methyl chloride at atmospheric pressure.
Autocatalysis and aryl-alkyl bond cleavage in 1-dodecylpyrene pyrolysis (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAutocatalysis and aryl-alkyl bond cleavage in 1-dodecylpyrene pyrolysisPhillip E. Savage, Garry E. Jacobs, and Minoo JavanmardianCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1989, 28, 6, 645–654Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00090a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00090a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views171Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
5-Arylthiopyrimidines. II. 2- and 4-Alkylamino and 4-Amino Derivatives<sup>1</sup> (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT5-Arylthiopyrimidines. II. 2- and 4-Alkylamino and 4-Amino Derivatives1BARBARA ROTH and GEORGE H. HITCHINGSCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1961, 26, 8, 2770–2778Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01066a035https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01066a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views216Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A unique degree program in wireless information systems (2002)

This paper describes the development and details of a unique degree program in wireless information systems. The wireless curriculum in most engineering schools deal with the lower layers of the OSI model and emphasize traditional digital communications and electromagnetics. The Wireless Information Systems (WIS) Track at the University of Pittsburgh adopts a systems approach that will enable the students to obtain a grasp of all issues required for design, deployment, management and administration of future wireless information systems.
Simulation of water flow and retention in earthen-cover materials overlying uranium mill tailings (1981)

The water retention characteristics of a multilayer earthen cover for uranium mill tailings were simulated under arid weather conditions common to Grand Junction, Colorado. The multilayer system described in this report consists of a layer of wet clay/gravel (radon barrier), which is separated from a surface covering of fill soil by a washed rock material used as a capillary barrier. The capillary barrier is designed to prevent the upward migration of water and salt from the tailings to the soil surface and subsequent loss of water from the wet clay. The flow model, UNSATV, described in this report uses hydraulic properties of the layered materials and historical climatic data for two years (1976 and 1979) to simulate long-term hydrologic response of the multilayer system. Application of this model to simulate the processes of infiltration, evaporation and drainage is described in detail. Simulations over a trial period of one relatively wet and two dry years indicated that the clay-gravel layer remained near saturation, and hence, that the layer was an effective radon barrier. Estimates show that the clay-gravel layer would not dry out (i.e., revert to drying dominated by isothermal vapor-flow conditions) for at least 20 years, provided that the modeled dry-climate period continues.
Effect of Geometric Variables in a New Cemented Hip Femoral Stem Concept (2012)

Introduction The orthopaedic market offers more than two hundred different hip femoral stems. Of these, very few have undergone scientific studies with published results. The differences of designs of the stem are mainly related to surface texture and geometry sections. The development of a new cemented hip prosthesis is certainly a very hard task if aiming the improvement of actual performance. Materials and Methods This study presents the influence of geometric variables in a novel hip stem concept which was based on the comparison of the performance of the best cemented stems actually in the market. The study was developed using finite element analysis and experiments with in vitro femoral replacements. A numerical simplified model of the hip replacement was designed to generate the final geometry of the femoral stem section. After an in vitro cemented commercial stem was done, with the best cemented stem a Lubinus, Charnley, Stanmore and Muller. Realistic numerical models also allowed us to determine cement mantle stresses of commercial femoral stems that were compared with those obtained for the new concept stem. The new model was then prototyped and tested through in vitro fatigue tests. Finally fatigue tests were also performed to determine the density of cracks in the cement mantles, as well as debonding for both conventional and new designs. Results Stem section geometry influences the fatigue mechanism at the stem–cement interface and is an important factor in the load transfer. The organic section presents 60% (average) less cement stress than sharp sections. Concerning the new stem, detail design geometry parameters were analyzed, such as collar position and orientation, medial radius and geometry of the stem tip. The simulations performed show that the new stem design presents 98.5% of cement volume under an equivalent stress lower than 3 MPa [FIG 1]. The correlation factor between this percentage with the clinical follow up results for 10 years of commercial stems is 0.964, being p=0.641 the significance level of one tailed Person correlation. Discussion The variables associated to the stem geometry presents influence in the cement mantle stress and could improve the success. The section of stem is an important factor to improve the load transfer. The [FIG. 2] presents a resume of some variables in a new concept. The inclination of collar 5° at sagital plane reduces the stress in 10% proximally. The tip geometry influences the stress in cement and improves the femoral position. The tip geometry could reduce 20% of cement stress in distal region. Conclusions The new femoral design was based on the findings of the finite element analysis and fatigue tests. It presents an innovative collar, “organic” geometry sections and a geometry tip that minimizes stress concentration. The stem developed reduces the cement stresses in an average of 25% relatively to the commercial stems used in the study. The work demonstrates in a new hip concept that small details in design of cemented hip may have consequences in the implant success.
Rapid Electron Transfer between Monomers when the Cytochrome bc1 Complex Dimer Is Reduced through Center N (2005)

We have obtained evidence for electron transfer between cytochrome b subunits of the yeast bc(1) complex dimer by analyzing pre-steady state reduction of cytochrome b in the presence of center P inhibitors. The kinetics and extent of cytochrome b reduced by quinol in the presence of variable concentrations of antimycin decreased non-linearly and could only be fitted to a model in which electrons entering through one center N can equilibrate between the two cytochrome b subunits of the bc(1) complex dimer. The b(H) heme absorbance in a bc(1) complex inhibited at center P and preincubated with substoichiometric concentrations of antimycin showed a red shift upon the addition of substrate, which indicates that electrons from the uninhibited center N in one monomer are able to reach the b(H) heme at the antimycin-blocked site in the other. The extent of cytochrome b reduction by variable concentrations of menaquinol could only be fitted to a kinetic model that assumes electron equilibration between center N sites in the dimer. Kinetic simulations showed that non-rate-limiting electron equilibration between the two b(H) hemes in the dimer through the two b(L) hemes is possible upon reduction through one center N despite the thermodynamically unfavorable b(H) to b(L) electron transfer step. We propose that electron transfer between cytochrome b subunits minimizes the formation of semiquinone-ferrocytochrome b(H) complexes at center N and favors ubiquinol oxidation at center P by increasing the amount of oxidized cytochrome b.
Starvation, Glucose, and Stress Ulcers in the Rat (1974)

Stress ulcers frequently occur in posttraumatic or septic patients who may have inadequate caloric intake. This problem was evaluated by studying the response to restraint stress of rats that were starved or had 1.0, 2.5, or 5.0 gm/100 ml glucose as their drinking solution for four days. Control rats had a caloric intake of 39 calories per day while rats drinking 5 gm/100 ml glucose had 13 calories per day. When starved rats were analyzed against control rats, the starved rats had a substantial increase in restraint-induced gastric lesions. This increase did not occur in rats drinking 5 gm/100 ml glucose, but did occur in those drinking 1.0 or 2.5 gm/100 ml glucose. Weight loss, hypernatremia, and arterial blood pressure were factors that were different in starved rats and rats fed 5 gm/100 ml glucose. These studies suggest that a critically low glucose or caloric intake may account in part for gastric lesions in the stressed patient.
Multiscale Fluctuation Analysis Revisited (2007)

Ubiquitous non‐Gaussianity of the probability density of (time‐series) fluctuations in many real world phenomena has been known and modelled extensively in recent years. Similarly, the analysis of (multi)scaling properties of (fluctuations in) complex systems has become a standard way of addressing unknown complexity. Yet the combined analysis and modelling of multiscale behaviour of probability density — multiscale PDF analysis — has only recently been proposed for the analysis of time series arising in complex systems, such as the cardiac neuro‐regulatory system, financial markets or hydrodynamic turbulence. This relatively new technique has helped significantly to expand the previously obtained insights into the phenomena addressed. In particular, it has helped to identify a novel class of scale invariant behaviour of the multiscale PDF in healthy heart rate regulation during daily activity and in a market system undergoing crash dynamics. This kind of invariance reflects invariance of the system under renormalisation and resembles behaviour at criticality of a system undergoing continuous phase transition — indeed in both phenomena, such phase transition behaviour has been revealed. While the precise mechanism underlying invariance of the PDF under system renormalisation of both systems discussed is not to date understood, there is an intimate link between the non‐Gaussian PDF characteristics and the persistent invariant correlation structure emerging between fluctuations across scale and time.
<title>Multifunctional system for active noise control and damage detection on a typical aeronautical structure</title> (2001)

The present work relates to the assessment and testing of a multifunctional intelligent system, based upon the use of piezoelectric devices, devoted both to the active noise and vibration control and to damage detection f the structure. In the control application, the piezoelectric devices (in form of patches) play the role of actuators; their induced secondary vibration field has the target to reduce the primary one through a specific control algorithm and system. In the health monitoring application, the piezo devices play both the roles of actuators and sensors. In fact the developed technique is primarily based upon the evaluation and comparison of the structure Frequency Response Functions (FRF) that intrinsically contains all the information regarding the structural properties whose change may be correlated with incipient damages. The aforementioned application were investigated and experimentally assessed with good results with reference to a typical partial fuselage structure (three frames, eight stringers and the skin panels: 1.2 m x 1.7 m). On the noise control application side, a height sensors/height actuators control architecture was then assessed and experimentally tested whose results may be synthesized in a 30 dB vibration level reduction at sensors locations and more than 20 dB of reduction of the associated noise field. In the optic of a multifunctional intelligent system, the aforementioned set of piezo's was decided to be used also for health monitoring application. As a preliminary activity, an extensive monitoring was performed on the integer structure to verify the sensibility of the system and the stability of the defined Damage Index (DI) in respect to environmental factor not related to structural real modification. To verify the sensibility of the technique to reveal and locate a typical shear clip damage, a set of rivets were successively cut in the area surrounding the frame shear clip, and relative FRF's were acquired and relative DI calculated. The analysis of the data showed a good sensibility of the system to identify the presence of a damage with maximum values of the DI in the sensor closest to the damage location and with an absolute value of the index growing up with damage extension.
THE ROLE OF CONSTRAINTS IN LINKED DATA (2018)

This paper investigates the role that constraints play in Linked Data in the context of a multi-step modeling process, involving three ontologies. The source ontology provides a local model of the exported data. The domain ontology provides a conceptual model of the application domain. The application ontology describes the external model of the exported data, using a subset of the vocabulary of the domain ontology. The main contributions of the paper are methods for constructing application ontology constraints and for defining the mappings between the three ontologies. The methods assume that the ontologies are written in an expressive family of languages and depend on a procedure to test logical implication, which explores the structure of sets of constraints.
Case report: Formation of vessel aneurysm after stand alone coronary excimer laser angioplasty (1992)

Formation of aneurysms in coronary arteries can be observed following percutaneous transluminal balloon angioplasty but has not been reported previously after coronary excimer laser angioplasty in humans. Stand alone coronary excimer laser angioplasty was performed in a 49-year-old man with a 75% left anterior descending artery stenotic lesion and exertional angina, documenting a good angiographic result postintervention. Control angiography 6 months after the procedure revealed an aneurysm distal to a 90% restenosis in the area of ablation.
cAMP increases liver Na<sup>+</sup>-taurocholate cotransport by translocating transporter to plasma membranes (1997)

Adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP), acting via protein kinase A, increases transport maximum of Na+-taurocholate cotransport within 15 min in hepatocytes (S. Grüne, L. R. Engelking, and M. S. Anwer. J. Biol. Chem. 268: 17734-17741, 1993); the mechanism of this short-term stimulation was investigated. Cycloheximide inhibited neither basal nor cAMP-induced increases in taurocholate uptake in rat hepatocytes, indicating that cAMP does not stimulate transporter synthesis. Studies in plasma membrane vesicles showed that taurocholate uptake was not stimulated by the catalytic subunit of protein kinase A but was higher when hepatocytes were pretreated with cAMP. Immunoblot studies with anti-fusion protein antibodies to the cloned Na+-taurocholate cotransport polypeptide (Ntcp) showed that pretreatment of hepatocytes with cAMP increased Ntcp content in plasma membranes but not in homogenates. Ntcp was detected in microsomes, endosomes, and Golgi fractions, and cAMP pretreatment resulted in a decrease only in endosomal Ntcp content. It is proposed that cAMP increases transport maximum of Na+-taurocholate cotransport, at least in part, by translocating Ntcp from endosomes to plasma membranes.
Efficient 3D aerial base station placement considering users mobility by reinforcement learning (2018)

This paper considers an aerial base station (aerial-BS) assisted terrestrial network where user mobility is taken into account. User movement changes the network dynamically which may result in performance loss. To avoid this loss, guarantee a minimum quality-of-service (QoS) and possibly increase the QoS, we add an aerial-BS to the network. For fair comparison between the conventional terrestrial network and the aerial-BS assisted one, we keep the total number of BSs identical in both networks. Obtaining the best performance in such networks highly depends on the optimal placement of the aerial-BS. To this end, an algorithm which can rely on general and realistic assumptions and can decide where to go based on the past experiences is required. The proposed approach for this goal is based on a discounted reward reinforcement learning which is known as Q-learning. Simulation results show this method provides an effective placement strategy which increases the QoS of wireless networks when it is needed and promises to find the optimum position of the aerial-BS in discrete environments.
Robins, Elizabeth, [1891?] [n.m.] [n.d.] (1891)

The Reform Club; Friday a.m.; begins am sure I shld be able to stand it beautifully… PW has tentatively redated as [Mar 30 1906], (this is not the same letter from Koch collection) and needs to be more thoroughly researched. Tdk 09/29/05 ; PAW 6/14/05 (transcription note)