gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Early Evaporation of Microlayer for Boiling Heat Transfer Enhancement (2016)

For over five decades, an enhancement in pool boiling heat transfer has been achieved by altering the surface wetting, wickability, roughness, nucleation site density, and providing separate liquid/vapor pathways. In this work, a new enhancement mechanism based on the early evaporation of the microlayer is discovered and validated. The microlayer is a thin liquid film present at the base of a vapor bubble. The presence of microridges on the silicon dioxide surface partitions the microlayer and disconnects it from the bulk liquid, causing it to evaporate sooner, thus leading to increase in the bubble growth rate, heat transfer, departure frequency, and critical heat flux (CHF). Compared to a plain surface, an ∼120% enhancement in CHF is obtained with only an ∼18% increase in surface area. A CHF enhancement map is developed on the basis of the ridge height and spacing, resulting in three regions of full, partial, and no enhancement. The new mechanism is validated by comparing the growth rate of a laser-created vapor bubble on a ridge-structured surface and a plain surface, and the corresponding prediction of the CHF enhancement is found to be in good agreement with the experimental boiling data. This discovery opens up a new field of CHF enhancement and can potentially be coupled with existing techniques to further push the limits of boiling heat transfer.
Prediction Models for Dynamic Demand Response (2015)

As Smart Grids move closer to dynamic curtailment programs, Demand Response (DR) events will become necessary not only on fixed time intervals and weekdays predetermined by static policies, but also during changing decision periods and weekends to react to real-time demand signals. Unique challenges arise in this context vis-a-vis demand prediction and curtailment estimation and the transformation of such tasks into an automated, efficient dynamic demand response (D<sup>2</sup>R) process. While existing work has concentrated on increasing the accuracy of prediction models for DR, there is a lack of studies for prediction models for D<sup>2</sup>R, which we address in this paper. Our first contribution is the formal definition of D<sup>2</sup>R, and the description of its challenges and requirements. Our second contribution is a feasibility analysis of very-short-term prediction of electricity consumption for D<sup>2</sup>R over a diverse, large-scale dataset that includes both small residential customers and large buildings. Our third, and major contribution is a set of insights into the predictability of electricity consumption in the context of D<sup>2</sup>R. Specifically, we focus on prediction models that can operate at a very small data granularity (here 15-min intervals), for both weekdays and weekends - all conditions that characterize scenarios for D<sup>2</sup>R. We find that short-term time series and simple averaging models used by Independent Service Operators and utilities achieve superior prediction accuracy. We also observe that workdays are more predictable than weekends and holiday. Also, smaller customers have large variation in consumption and are less predictable than larger buildings. Key implications of our findings are that better models are required for small customers and for non-workdays, both of which are critical for D<sup>2</sup>R. Also, prediction models require just few days’ worth of data indicating that small amounts of historical training data can be used to make reliable predictions, simplifying the complexity of big data challenge associated with D<sup>2</sup>R.
Single Amino Acids Changes in the Signal Receptor Domain of XylR Resulted in Mutants That Stimulate Transcription in the Absence of Effectors (1995)

The XylR protein positively controls expression from the Pseudomonas putida TOL plasmid sigma 54-dependent "upper" pathway operon promoter (Pu) and the xylS gene promoter (Ps), in response to the presence of aromatic effectors. Two mutant XylR regulators able to stimulate transcription from Pu and Ps in the absence of effectors were isolated. These mutants exhibited single point mutations, namely Asp135-->Asn and Pro85-->Ser. Both mutations are located in the amino termini domain of XylR, which is thought to be responsible for interactions with effectors. The effector profile of XylRP85S was similar to that of wild-type XylR protein; however, XylRD135N exhibited an altered pattern of effector recognition: with m-nitrotoluene it stimulated transcription from the Pu promoter above the high basal level, whereas this nitroarene inhibited the wild-type regulator. Previous work (Delgado, A., and Ramos, J.L. (1994) J. Biol. Chem. 269, 8059-8062) showed that residue 172 was involved in effector interactions, as mutant XylRE172K also recognized m-nitrotoluene. However, double mutant XylR135N/E172K did not stimulate transcription in the absence of effector, but retained the ability to stimulate transcription with m-nitrotoluene. Transcription mediated by XylRD135N and XylRP85S from Pu::lacZ was analyzed in detail. Like the wild-type regulator, XylRD135N and XylRP85S required sigma 54 for full transcription activation, but in contrast with the wild-type regulator, XylRD135N, but not XylRP85S, stimulated transcription from Pu in the absence of the integration host factor protein. XylRD135N, also in contrast with XylR and XylRP85S, mediated transcription from a mutant Pu promoter that lacked one of the upstream regulator binding sites (delta UAS1), but not when both upstream regulator binding sites were deleted. The level of autoregulation of XylRD135N was at least 2-fold higher than that found with the wild-type XylR regulator and the mutant XylRP85S.
Experimental Structural Dynamic Characterization of the Hawkmoth (<i>Manduca Sexta</i>) Forewing (2013)

While many bio-inspired flapping wing micro air vehicle wing designs continue to be conceived and studied in earnest, a general consensus of which physical attributes of the biological entity are important for flight is still at-large. It is proposed herein that the eigenstructure of the wing should figure prominently among rigorous engineering metrics for guiding flapping wing micro air vehicle wing designs at the scales of large insects. With virtually no compelling work done in this area to date, the method and results of system identification tests for the forewings of a representative sample of hawkmoth ( Manduca Sexta) are presented, revealing the underlying structural nature of this incredibly agile flyer's wings. Despite their inherent biological variability, these wings show very little variability in eigenstructure which may suggest it as a critical attribute for robust flight. Further supporting this hypothesis, the wings of four other insect species are briefly examined and show remarkable similarity with the hawkmoth wing's eigenstructure.
Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity assessment of the extract and lectins from Moringa oleifera Lam. Seeds / Avaliação da citotoxicidade e genotoxicidade do extrato e lectinas das sementes de Moringa oleifera Lam (2021)

Moringa oleifera seeds are used globally as a treatment for water and contain the lectins cMoL and WSMoL, which display coagulant activity. In this study, we sought to determine the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of the M. oleifera seed extract (SE), prepared with the same procedure that people use for treating water, as well as cMoL and WSMoL, in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Cell viability was assessed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, while genotoxicity was evaluated using the comet assay, with cell nucleoids categorized in classes ranging from 0 (without damage) to 4 (maximum damage). The PBMCs treated with SE, cMoL, and WSMoL displayed viability higher than 60% in treatments with concentrations up to 100 µg/mL. In addition, SE and cMoL displayed low genotoxicity owing to the detection of nucleoids in class 1. However, the number of nucleoids in all classes increased when 50 and 100 µg/mL of WSMoL was administered, reaching a damage frequency of 50.0%. Although M. oleifera SE, cMoL, and WSMoL were not cytotoxic to PBMCs after 24 h of exposure, dose-dependent genotoxic effects were observed, especially with WSMoL. These findings indicate that caution must be exercised when selecting a lectin/extract concentration for water treatment.
The Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor γ (PPARγ) Controls Natural Protective Mechanisms against Lipid Peroxidation in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (2012)

Recent evidence highlights the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) as critical neuroprotective factors in several neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). To gain new mechanistic insights into the role of these receptors in the context of ALS, here we investigated how PPAR transcriptional activity varies in hSOD1(G93A) ALS transgenic mice. We demonstrate that PPARγ-driven transcription selectively increases in the spinal cord of symptomatic hSOD1(G93A) mice. This phenomenon correlates with the up-regulation of target genes, such as lipoprotein lipase and glutathione S-transferase α-2, which are implicated in scavenging lipid peroxidation by-products. Such events are associated with enhanced PPARγ immunoreactivity within motor neuronal nuclei. This observation, and the fact that PPARγ displays increased responsiveness in cultured hSOD1(G93A) motor neurons, points to a role for this receptor in neutralizing deleterious lipoperoxidation derivatives within the motor cells. Consistently, in both motor neuron-like cultures and animal models, we report that PPARγ is activated by lipid peroxidation end products, such as 4-hydroxynonenal, whose levels are elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid and spinal cord from ALS patients. We propose that the accumulation of critical concentrations of lipid peroxidation adducts during ALS progression leads to the activation of PPARγ in motor neurons. This in turn triggers self-protective mechanisms that involve the up-regulation of lipid detoxification enzymes, such as lipoprotein lipase and glutathione S-transferase α-2. Our findings indicate that anticipating natural protective reactions by pharmacologically modulating PPARγ transcriptional activity may attenuate neurodegeneration by limiting the damage induced by lipid peroxidation derivatives.
An Improved Mechanical Soil-Root Sampler (1982)

ABSTRACT A mechanical sampler has been developed to rapidly extract large undisturbed soil samples. The sampler utilizes a commercially available fence-post driver. A hydraulic cylinder mounted in a pulling frame is used to remove the undisturbed soil samples. A fractionator has been designed to further separate the large samples into small cubes. The densities of soil samples taken by the new mechanical sampler compared well with that of a conventional core sampler. The sampler is used to obtain root mass distribution as influenced by soil compaction.
Reversible in vivo phosphorylation of tau induced by okadaic acid and by unspecific brain lesion in rat. (1998)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is histopathologically characterised by the formation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) that are largely composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein (PHF-tau), and senile plaques which contain aggregates of the Abeta peptide. Formation of PHF-tau and amyloidogenic processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) might be related to a disturbance in the balance between protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation. In the present study, the effects of injections into the cerebral cortex of either okadaic acid (OA), an inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A, or saline were investigated. Both kinds of injections induced a reversible phosphorylation of tau, albeit to a different extent. The secretion of soluble APP was reduced after OA but not affected after injection of saline. It is concluded that phosphorylation of tau, similar though not identical to those seen in AD can be induced in vivo by inhibition of protein dephosphorylation as well as by unspecific lesion of cortical neurones. It might, therefore, be suggested that phosphorylation processes involved in PHF-formation in AD similarly reflect a neuronal response to injury.
Dynamic cooling of a mechanical resonator in the strong coupling regime (2013)

We propose uniquely dynamically-modulated dissipative cooling scheme in strong optomechanical coupling, which significantly enhances the cooling process. This overcomes quantum backaction and instantaneous phonon occupations below the steady-state cooling limit can be achieved.
A New Class of Planar−Chiral Ligands:  Synthesis of a <i>C</i><sub>2</sub>-Symmetric Bisazaferrocene and Its Application in the Enantioselective Cu(I)-Catalyzed Cyclopropanation of Olefins (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTA New Class of Planar−Chiral Ligands: Synthesis of a C2-Symmetric Bisazaferrocene and Its Application in the Enantioselective Cu(I)-Catalyzed Cyclopropanation of OlefinsMichael M.-C. Lo and Gregory C. FuView Author Information Department of Chemistry Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 39, 10270–10271Publication Date (Web):September 19, 1998Publication History Received15 July 1998Published online19 September 1998Published inissue 1 October 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja982488yhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja982488yrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1876Altmetric-Citations130LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Cyclopropanation,Hydrocarbons,Ligands,Organic compounds,Stereoselectivity Get e-Alerts
Intensities of isotopic carbon bands in the lambda 6191 sequence of the Swan system for some R-type spectra. (1949)

Recently a study of the intensities of the main and isotopic bands of the N4737 I ,0 sequence of Swan bands in the spectra of twenty-one R-type stars has been concluded.i For six of the stars, the bands were too intense to allow accurate evaluation of their intensities. The present paper deals with five stars of the latter group, and describes the measurement of the intensities of members of the considerably weaker N6191 sequence of C2 bands. On the spectrograms used (dispersion 35 and 20 A/mm at N620o), serious blending was encountered for three of the six bands in the 0,2 (N6191) and 1,3 (X6122) transitions. The only bands usable for a study of the isotopic abundance ratio were the C12 C12 N6122, 1,3 band and the C12C13 N6IoI I `3 band. From these, ratios of the C12 C12 to C12 C13 band intensities varying from 1.4 to 1.0 were found for the five stars, giving, on the assumption of direct proportionality between intensity and abundance, C12 to C12 abundance- ratios from 2.7 to 2.0. It is possible that blending effects are present even in the bands used. This matter is being further examined using spectrograms of higher dispersion. I.Pub. Dom. Astroph. Obs. I, 395, 1948. Dominion A strophysicol Observatory, Victoria, B. C.
Role of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Otolaryngologic Perioperative Care (2018)

The use of CAM in patients undergoing otolaryngologic surgeries may relieve common perioperative symptoms. While further study is warranted, otolaryngology providers might consider implementing CAM with patients electing surgery.
The 1<sub>H</sub> NMR spectra of the strychnos alkaloids retuline isoretuline, and their N‐deacetyl compounds. (1978)

Abstract The 300 MHz 1 H NMR spectra of the title compounds are discussed. The vicinal coupling constants 3 J H2, H16 and H16, H15 are about 10 Hz and 4 Hz in the iso series, and about 7 Hz and 1 Hz for 1 and 2. In isoretuline, the piperidine ring (ring D) has a chair conformation, but in retuline a boat conformation, with C21 in the tip position, prevails. This conclusion is based on the pattern of allylic and homoallylic couplings around the double bond, and rests also on comparison with the spectrum of strychnine. Evidence is presented for a hydrogen bond between the C17 hydroxymethyl and the Nl‐COCH 3 , group in isoretuline.
Analysis of hydrogenation effects on LWIR HgCdTe diode characteristics (2002)

In this work, we demonstrate how Hg/sub 0.78/Cd/sub 0.22/Te photovoltaic detectors are affected by the hydrogenation technique. To examine the effects of hydrogenation, n on p type photovoltaic diodes were fabricated with the undoped wafers having a cutoff wavelength of 10.5 /spl mu/m. The hydrogenation was performed in a simple parallel-plate plasma equipment. The zero bias dynamic resistance area product (RoA) of the hydrogenated diodes are found to be 70 /spl sim/120 /spl Omega/cm/sup 2/, which is one order of magnitude higher than that of non-hydrogenated diodes. From the model fitting analysis, the hydrogenation effects were attributed to an increase of the minority carrier lifetime and a decrease of the trap density in the depletion region. The quantum efficiency also increased with the hydrogenation, which is revealed in the spectral current response and the photocurrent of hydrogenated diode. Laser beam induced current (LBIC) measurements were also undertaken to understand the mechanism of the hydrogenation. It was found that the peak LBIC signal obtained from the hydrogenated diode was two times larger than that of non-hydrogenated diode, which supports the theory of reduced trap density in the depletion region due to the hydrogenation. It is concluded that the hydrogenation process improved the junction property as well as the bulk property.
Bioremediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Pollution (2003)

Uncontrolled and catastrophic releases of petroleum pose ecologicaland environmental repercussions as a lot of hydrocarbon components are toxic and persistent in terrestrial and aquatic environments. Several physico-chemical methods of decontaminating the environment have been established and employed. Biological degradation, a safe, effective and an economic alternative method, is a process of decay initiated by biological agents, specifically in this case by microorganisms. Bioremediation refers to site restoration through the removal of organic contaminants by microorganisms. Biodegradation of hydrocarbons is largely carried out by diverse bacterial populations, which are ubiquitously distributed in the environment. The most commonly reported genera of hydrocarbon-degraders include Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Nocardia, Vibrio and Achromobacter. The factors, that influence the rates of microbial degradation of hydrocarbons, include temperature, pH, salinity, oxygen, nutrients, and physical and chemical composition of petroleum. Due to the complexity of crude oil, biodegradation involves the interaction of many different microbial species. It could be attributed to the effects of synergistic interactions among members of the consortium.
Damage Detection in Simulated Aging-Aircraft Panels Using the Electro-Mechanical Impedance Technique (2000)

Abstract The aging of aerospace structures is a major current concern of civilian and military aircraft operators. PZT active sensors offer special opportunities for developing sensor arrays for in-situ health monitoring of aging aircraft structures. In this paper, we examine the structural health monitoring of aging aircraft structures with the electro-mechanical (E/M) impedance method. Local impedance methodology as well as damage detection strategy were developed. The detection of damage due to corrosion, structural cracks, and active sensor self-diagnostics with electro-mechanical (E/M) impedance method are discussed. The paper emphasis is sensor fabrication and installation procedures. Consistency and repeatability of sensor fabrication and installation were perfected and confirmed by statistical tests on a number of nominally identical specimens. Experiments on simple metallic beams were then performed and the results were compared with readily available theoretical predictions. Experiments on square plates manufactured from aircraft grade thin-gage stock followed. Statistical analysis of plate data confirmed that consistent and repeatability results could be achieved with our methodology. Finally, experiments on realistic aircraft panels with simulated crack and corrosion damage were performed. An array of four sensors were installed along a line emanating at a right angle from the crack, and E/M impedance readings were collected from all sensors. Consistency of sensor readings was verified. Also, the tendency of frequency to shift in the vicinity of the crack was noticed. However, further data processing, and detailed FEM modeling are still needed before full understanding of the correlation between crack presence and sensors readings is achieved.
Tables of the Anger and Lommel-Weber Functions (1963)

Abstract : Anger and Lommel-Weber functions are tabulated as functions of order in the range -10 to +10, and as functions of argument in the range 0 to +10, with precision + or - 1/10,000. Increments in both order and argument between points are 0.1. Also extremely informative curves and contour maps of the functions are included. The method of computation is described in detail, and an IBM 709 FORTRAN sub-routine is provided. (Author)
Illuminating uveitis: metagenomic deep sequencing identifies common and rare pathogens (2016)

MDS can identify fungi, parasites, and DNA and RNA viruses in minute volumes of intraocular fluid samples. The identification of chronic intraocular rubella virus infection highlights the eye's role as a long-term pathogen reservoir, which has implications for virus eradication and emerging global epidemics.
DESINTEGRAÇÃO E DESINTEGRANTES FARMACÊUTICOS (1994)

O termo desintegrante e usado para se referir aos adjuvantes primarios tecnologicos, adicionados a formulacao de formas farmaceuticas solidas compactadas, como, por exemplo, comprimidos, com o proposito de causar sua desagregacao em estruturas particulares menores quando em contato com o meio fisiologico liquido (GUNSEL, 1980).