gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electron transport in networks of gold nanoparticles connected by oligothiophene molecular wires (2006)

Network structures made of π-conjugated molecular wires of oligothiophene 3mer, or 9mer carrying thiol groups at α,ω-positions, and gold nanoparticles with average diameter of 4 nm were prepared on interdigitated gold electrodes. Observation of the resultant assemblies by means of FE-SEM and TEM revealed that the gold nanoparticles were connected by π-molecular wires to form a network. The networks exhibited thermally activated electron transport at room temperature with activation energies of 21and 45 meV for 3mer- and 9mer-networks, respectively, and these values were almost the same as those of networks connected with non-conjugated molecules having similar lengths. However, the activation energy became very small (∼0.1 meV) at temperatures lower than 30 K and non-linear current–voltage characteristics (I ∝ V3) appeared in π-conjugated networks at 4.2 K. These results suggest that the gold nanoparticles in the networks work as Coulomb islands and the temperature-independent behavior at lower temperatures can be interpreted in terms of a co-tunneling mechanism.
Phase 2 Clinical Trial of Intraoral Grafting of Human Tissue-Engineered Oral Mucosa (2013)

Abstract : This is a randomized, parallel-group phase II study to assess the safety and efficacy for use of human EVPOME for soft tissue intraoral grafting procedures compared to the gold standard palatal oral mucosa (POM) graft. The study will determine differences in the primary efficacy measure of increased keratinized mucosa; secondary measures of graft contracture and Wound Healing Index; and ancillary outcome measures of tissue perfusion measured graft color and laser Doppler flowmetry, and postoperative pain. Sixty subjects, thirty subjects per treatment group, will be randomized to receive either the experimental treatment, EVPOME (Group 1), or standard of care, the palatal oral mucosa (POM) graft (Group 2). The study population will include non-smoking adults (ages 18 and older) in need of additional keratinized oral mucosa for dental rehabilitation with dental implants. This trial has not yet started recruitment.
Continuous infusion of low-dose topotecan: pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics during a phase II study in patients with small cell lung cancer (1998)

Preclinical schedule dependency suggests that prolonged maintenance of low plasma levels of topotecan, a specific inhibitor of the nuclear enzyme topoisomerase I, results in optimal antitumor activity. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of topotecan, administered as single agent in second-line therapy as a continuous low-dose infusion for 21 days, were evaluated in nine patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Topotecan was administered i.v. as a 21 day continuous infusion every 28 days via an ambulatory pump. Dosages ranged from 0.4 to 0.6 mg/m2/day. Plasma levels of topotecan, the sum of topotecan, and its hydroxy acid congener and the N-desmethyl metabolite were determined at 1, 7, 14 and 21 days during infusion, using a validated high-performance liquid chromatography method with fluorescence detection. Myelosuppression was the most important toxicity. All patients experienced anemia, being severe (grade 3/4) in 55% of all courses. Other adverse effects were relatively mild and reversible, and included nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and fatigue. Three patients achieved a partial response. Mean steady-state concentrations of topotecan (C(ss)) in the first course were 0.46+/-0.17 and 0.47+/-0.19 ng/ml after doses of 0.4 and 0.5 mg/m2/day, respectively. Steady-state levels of the total of topotecan and hydroxy acid (C(ss,tot)) were 1.28+/-0.25 (range 0.93-1.58) and 1.57+/-0.19 (range 1.43-1.70) ng/ml at doses of 0.4 and 0.5 mg/m2/day, respectively. The percentage of the administered topotecan dose excreted in the urine within 24 h was 40+/-14 and 1.2+/-1.0% for total topotecan and N-desmethyltopotecan, respectively. During the second course, C(ss,tot) was significantly higher (p=0.032, paired t-test), which suggests altered topotecan disposition. A sigmoidal relationship was found between C(ss,tot) and the percent decrease in platelets (r=0.76, p=0.018). We conclude that topotecan administered as a 21 day continuous low-dose infusion has activity as single-agent, second-line therapy in patients with SCLC. There was considerable interpatient and intrapatient variability in systemic exposure to topotecan. Differences in organ function might contribute to this variation. Serum aspartate aminotransferase and albumin levels were predictive of topotecan pharmacokinetics.
Evaluation of Biofidelity of Side Impact Computational Surrogates (ES-2re, WorldSID, GHBMC) (2014)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">The goal of this study was to evaluate the biofidelity of the three computational surrogates (GHBMC model, WorldSID model, and the FTSS ES-2re model) under the side impact rigid wall sled test condition. The responses of the three computational surrogates were compared to those of post mortem human surrogate (PMHS) and objectively evaluated using the correlation and analysis (CORA) rating method. Among the three computational surrogates, the GHBMC model showed the best biofidelity based on the CORA rating score (GHBMC =0.65, WorldSID =0.57, FTSS ES-2re =0.58). In general, the response of the pelvis of all the models showed a good correlation with the PMHS response, while the response of the shoulder and the lower extremity did not. In terms of fracture prediction, the GHBMC model overestimated bone fracture. The results of this study can be effectively utilized in a research that mainly relies on the response of computational surrogates without experimental tests, especially initial development stage of countermeasures for occupant protection from vehicular accidents.</div></div>
Preface to the Special Issue on Deformation Theory and Applications (2011)

International audience
Spatial resonant control of flexible structures-application to a piezoelectric laminate beam (2001)

Introduces a class of resonant controllers that can be used to minimize structural vibration using collocated piezoelectric actuator-sensor pairs. The proposed controller increases the damping of the structure so as to minimize a chosen number of resonant responses. The controller can be tuned to a chosen number of modes. This results in controllers of minimal dimension. The controller structure is chosen such that closed-loop stability is guaranteed. Moreover, the controller can be designed such that the spatial H/sub 2/ norm of the system is minimized. This will guarantee average reduction of vibration throughout the entire structure. Experimental validation on a simply supported beam is presented showing the effectiveness of the proposed controller.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 3‐Chloro‐1‐carbacephem Compounds. (1990)

Abstract Starting with the 3H‐1‐carbacephem compounds (I), the 3‐chlorocarbacephems (VIII) are synthesized by consecutive addition of thiophenol (II), oxidation of the sulfide (III), α‐chlorination of the sulfoxide (IV), and elimination of phenylsulfinic acid from (V), followed by reduction of the azido group and hydrolysis of the tert‐butyl ester.
Splitting-based importance-sampling algorithm for fast simulation of Markov reliability models with general repair-policies (2001)

Markov chains with small transition probabilities occur while modeling the reliability of systems where the individual components are highly reliable and quickly repairable. Complex inter-component dependencies can exist and the state space involved can be huge, making these models analytically and numerically intractable. Naive simulation is also difficult because the event of interest (system failure) is rare, so that a prohibitively large amount of computation is needed to obtain samples of these events. An earlier paper (Juneja et al., 2001) proposed an importance sampling scheme that provides large efficiency increases over naive simulation for a very general class of models including reliability models with general repair policies such as deferred and group repairs. However, there is a statistical penalty associated with this scheme when the corresponding Markov chain has high probability cycles as may be the case with reliability models with general repair policies. This paper develops a splitting-based importance-sampling technique that avoids this statistical penalty by splitting paths at high probability cycles and thus achieves bounded relative-error in a stronger sense than in previous attempts.
Bonding of IC bare chips for microsystems using Ar atom bombardment (2001)

This paper describes integrated circuit (IC) bare chip bonding to micromechanical devices and discusses factors affecting bond and IC qualities. Test element group (TEG) with protective diode and TEG with transistors, small-scale circuits and junctions were used here as the IC chips. Some of the TEG dies were thinned into films. In the bonding process, an Ar atom beam is used to sputter clean the surface to be bonded. After contaminants on the surfaces to be bonded are removed by the Ar atomic beam irradiation, the IC chip, a die or a film is bonded to a silicon substrate. The IC dies and the films can be bonded at low temperature and under low pressure. The strengths of the joints are good enough for use in microsystems. There is no difference in current-voltage properties of the IC films before and after the irradiation. The shapes of the ring osillator waves of the bonded IC films are not distorted by the thermal tests. This suggests that the thermal tests do not cause electrical damage to the IC chips. Although the joints of IC film/Si substrate have a few fine voids at the interface, the thermal conductivities of the joints are compared to those of IC films before bonding. The results given show the feasibility of mounting bare IC chips onto substrates of microsystems.
Purification and characterization of a hydroperoxidase from the cyanobacterium<i>Synechocystis</i>PCC 6803: identification of its gene by peptide mass mapping using matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (1999)

A cytosolic catalase-peroxidase from the cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC 6803 was purified to homogeneity by a six-step purification procedure. It is a homodimeric enzyme with a subunit molecular mass of 85 kDa. The isoelectric point of the protein is at pH 5.5; Michaelis constant, turnover number, and catalytic efficiency of the catalase activity for H2O2 were measured to be 4.8 mM, 3450 s-1, and 7.2 x 10(5) M-1 s-1, respectively. Preparation and spectroscopy of the pyridine ferrohemochrome identified an iron protoporphyrin IX as the prosthetic group. The enzyme was shown to exhibit both catalase and peroxidase activities, both of which were inhibited by cyanide, leading to a high-spin to low-spin transition of the heme iron center as detected by a shift of the Soret peak from 405 to 421 nm. The catalase-specific inhibitor 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole proved ineffective. o-Dianisidine, pyrogallol and guaiacol functioned as a peroxidatic substrate, but no reaction was detected with NADH, NADPH, glutathione, and ascorbate. Peptide mass mapping using matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry showed the identity between the purified protein and a putative katG gene derived from the genome of Synechocystis PCC 6803. A comparison of amino acid sequences of the catalase-peroxidase from Synechocystis PCC 6803 and those from other bacteria showed a high homology around the assumed distal and proximal histidine residues, suggesting a highly conserved histidine as the fifth ligand of the heme iron.
Monitoring Dynamic Characteristics for a Supertall Structure under Different Loading Events (2011)

The Guangzhou New TV Tower (GNTVT), completed its construction in May 2009 in Guangzhou China, is a super tall tube-in-tube structure with a total height of 600m. A complicated structural health monitoring (SHM) system consisting of over 700 sensors has been implemented to the GNTVT for both in-construction and in-service real-time monitoring. This implemented SHM system has monitored the structural responses of the GNTVT after having completed its construction under different loading events (the typhoon, the earthquake and normal wind loading conditions). Firstly, the time history and PSD of the acceleration response under different loading events have been compared. Secondly, the modal properties (modal frequencies, mode shapes, and damping ratios) of the structure under different loading events have been identified. The results of this paper supply some references for better understanding the dynamic characteristics of supertall under different loadings.
Miniature, fast-response five-hole conical probe for supersonic flowfield measurements (1993)

Five-hole probes have been used successfully for several decades to measure Mach number, total pressure, and flow angularity of complex, three-dimensional supersonic flowfields. However, the time response of conventional five-hole probes is typically on the order of seconds. A new probe design incorporating internally mounted miniature piezoelectric transducers has improved the time response by more than two orders of magnitude from 5 s to 20 ms, while maintaining better than 1-mm spatial resolution. This probe has been calibrated over the range Mach 2-4, and uncertainties in derived flowfield quantities have been shown to be small. Sample measurements of a supersonic vortex have been made to demonstrate the capabilities of the probe
Prevention of Ventricular Fibrillation During Hypothermia With Bretylium Tosylate (1971)

BUCKLEY, JOSEPH J. M.D.; BOSCH, OTTO K. M.D.; BACANER, MARVIN B. M.D. Author Information
Truncating Binomial Series with Symbolic Summation (2007)

Taking an example from statistics, we show how symbolic summation can be used to find generalizations of binomial identities that involve infinite series. In such generalizations, the infinite series are replaced by truncated versions.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of β‐Amino α‐Hydroxy Acids via Aldol Condensation of a Chiral Glycolate Enolate. Synthesis of (‐)‐Bestatin. (1990)

Abstract Aldol condensation of the optically active spirocyclic 1,3‐dioxolanone (I) with phenylacetaldehyde (II) yields a mixture of the aldols (III).
Safety of the Open‐Irrigated Ablation Catheter for Radiofrequency Ablation: Safety Analysis from Six Clinical Studies (2012)

A proctoring program, careful fluid management, and absence of char and coagulum contributed to the safe use of the open-irrigated RFA catheter.
Identification of disease causing loci using an array-based genotyping approach on pooled DNA (2005)

Our results illustrate that pooling of DNA samples is an effective initial strategy to identify a genetic locus. However, it is important to eliminate inaccurate SNPs prior to analysis by comparing them to a database of individually genotyped samples as well as by comparing them to replicates of the pool. Lastly, detection of association signals can be improved by incorporating data from neighbouring SNPs.
Equipment Analysis And Wafer Parameter Prediction Using Real-Time Tool Data (2005)

We propose a system which uses real-time equipment sensor signals to automatically detect and analyze semiconductor equipment faults, and evaluate the impact of the fault on the wafer parameters. The system, which has been applied on plasma processes, consists of three modules: (1) fault detection, (2) fault analysis, and (3) prediction of final wafer parameters such as etch rate, uniformity, selectivity, and anisotropy.
Studies on the Bacteriological Quality of Frozen Meat Pies (1959)

The enterococci have been reported by various investigators to be present in a variety of frozen foods.At the present time, it is debatable whether coliform bacteria or enterococci are better indicators of contamination in foods and/or water; however, there is a definite trend toward the use of enterococci in preference to the Escherichia-Aerobacter group for the detection of bacterial contamination in foods.Andrewes and Horder (1906) described a microorganism from the human intestine which was very similar to the bacterium described by Thiercelin (1899).They designated this bacterium as Streptococcus faecalis.Later, Orla-Jensen (1919, 1943) described three species, Streptococcus faecium, Streptococcus glycerinaceus, and Streptococcus liquefaciens, and designated them as belonging to the enterococcus group.He based these separations on fermentation reactions.Sherman (1937) published a monograph on the streptococci and considered Orla-Jensen's S. faecium and S. glycerinaceus as varieties of S. faecalis.Skadhauge (1950) was able to separate S. faecium from S. faecalis on the observation that S. faecalis was not inhibited by 1:2500 potassium tellurite, whereas S. faecium failed to grow at this concentration.He further noted that these two organisms possessed different maximum temperature limits of growth and, also, had serological differences with respect to type specificity.Barnes and Ingram (1955) reported that enterococci were recognized as important organisms in the flora of meats.These bacteria were isolated from spoiled canned hams in large numbers and, if these bacteria were in- itially present, they were able to multiply.The authors also stated that the bacteria isolated from canned hams were solely of porcine, rather than human origin, and that S. faecalis was absent from both the intestine of the pigs and from canned hams.Lake et al. (1957) were unable to confirm the contentions of Barnes and In- gram.Based on thermal tolerance tests, they were able to explain the more common occurrence of S. faecium in canned hams.
Collapse pressures of bilayered biodegradable stents (2006)

Biodegradable helicoidal stent prototypes made up of layers of poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) and poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) polymers were fabricated by temperature conditioning the stents at different stages of fabrication. The process incorporated elastic memory, or self-expandability in the stent, which is desirable to minimize stent recoil. The collapse pressures of such stents were studied, with and without in vitro degradation. The effects of thickness and the composition of each layer on the collapse pressure were modeled using the simple series model. Results of the in vitro studies for over 3 months showed that collapse pressure of the stents depended mainly on the degradation and other side-effects brought about by the degradation of different polymer compositions. Generally, the trend is dominated by the thicker of the two layers that were used to form the stents.
An Integral Equation Formulation of the Equations of Motion of an Incompressible Fluid (1992)

Abstract : A set of coupled integral equations is derived from the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations and the continuity equation. These equations are based on a vorticity-velocity-enthalpy formulation and are exact. The equations consist of a generalization of the Biot-Savart law for determining the velocity, an integral expression of the momentum equation for determining the vorticity, and a boundary integral equation for determining the stagnation enthalpy. The equations are linear in each independent variable, with the nonlinearities entering only through the cross terms of the vorticity and velocity. They possess a number of interesting properties, including the total absence of spatial derivatives and the fact that the stagnation enthalpy, or pressure, is required only on the boundary of the fluid domain. In addition, since the vorticity is present in all volume integrals, the domain of integration in this case is restricted to the region of nonzero vorticity. All boundary conditions, and in particular the farfield boundary condition, are naturally incorporated in the formulation.
Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma (2002)

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a highly aggressive neoplasm with a poor prognosis. Curative management of these tumors has been difficult secondary to delayed diagnosis and advanced disease at presentation. Treatment modalities including surgery and fractionated radiotherapy have had limited success in controlling these tumors. Median survival time is often measured in months. A review of all patients treated between 1952 and 1999 identified 32 patients with anaplastic or poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Patients were divided into two groups: those treated between 1952 to 1980 (9 patients, group 1) and those treated between 1981 and 1999 (23 patients, group 2). Most group 1 patients received once-daily radiotherapy and most group 2 patients received twice-daily radiotherapy with concurrent chemotherapy. A variety of radiotherapy techniques were used. Chemotherapy consisted of doxorubicin, paclitaxel, vincristine, or cisplatin. Eleven patients presented with lymph node metastasis and two patients had distant metastases at diagnosis. The most common clinical presentation was a neck mass in 17 patients. In group 1, one patient was treated with surgery only, four with surgery and radiotherapy and four with radiotherapy alone. In group 2, 1 patient was treated with surgery only; 3 with surgery and radiotherapy; 10 with radiotherapy and chemotherapy; 5 with surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy; and 5 with radiotherapy alone. Overall 2-year survival rates were 44% for group 1 and 52% for group 2. Two-year progression-free survival (PFS) was 53% for group 1 and 38% for group 2. Five (16%) patients died within 60 days of diagnosis. Severe side effects included skin sequelae (one patient) and osteoradionecrosis of the mandible (one patient). There were 10 (52%) long-term survivors (>2 years). Clinicopathologic features associated with extended survival were limited extent of disease and inclusion in group 2. Among patients with ATC surgery, hyperfractionated radiotherapy in conjunction with chemotherapy is associated with better survival but not PFS compared to conventional radiotherapy.
Design of High Precision High Bandwidth and Reliable Nanopositioning Systems (2003)

In this paper, we present a paradigm which prescribes a procedure for a systematic design, analysis and development of nanopositioning devices. In this effort, we have used many tools from modern control theory to model devices, to quantify device resolution, bandwidth, range, and robustness, and to tackle undesirable nonlinear effects such as hysteresis and creep. The implementation of this procedure for the simultaneous achievement of robustness, high precision, and high bandwidth objectives is presented. The merits of the paradigm are demonstrated through experimental results.
Photonics to the Rescue: A Fresh Look at Microwave Photonic Filters (2015)

Extensively researched in recent years, microwave photonic filters can be implemented either in an incoherent operational regime or in a coherent operational regime. In the incoherent regime, a delay-line configuration is usually used with a finite-impulse response (FIR) or infinite-impulse response (IIR); to avoid optical interference, an incoherence light source or a laser array is used. Filter tuning and reconfiguration are achieved by changing the time delay and the tap coefficients. In the coherent regime, however, a single wavelength is needed, and the filter's spectral response is translated directly from the spectral response of an optical filter. Thus, a coherent microwave filter requires a well-defined optical filter with a precisely controlled spectral response. This article reviews the techniques for implementing both incoherent and coherent tunable and reconfigurable microwave photonic filters.