gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance Analysis of a JTIDS/Link-16-type Waveform Transmitted over Slow, Flat Nakagami Fading Channels in the Presence of Narrowband Interference (2008)

Link-16 is a tactical data link. It provides presumably secure and jam-resistant tactical information for land, sea, and air platforms. The communication terminal of Link-16 is called Joint Tactical Information Distribution System (JTIDS) and features Reed-Solomon (RS) coding, symbol interleaving, cyclic code-shift keying (CCSK) for M-ary symbol modulation, minimum-shift keying (MSK) for chip modulation, and combined frequency-hopping and direct sequence spread spectrum for transmission security. In this dissertation, the performance of a JTIDS/Link-16-type waveform in both additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and narrowband interference transmitted over a slow, flat Nakagami fading channel is investigated. In general, the results show that barrage noise interference (BNI) has the most effect in degrading JTIDS's performance when signal-to interference ratio (SIR) is small, whereas pulsed-noise interference with a smaller fraction of time that interference is on causes the greatest degradation when SIR is large, whether the channel is fading or not. In addition, two modified JTIDS/Link-16- compatible systems are proposed and evaluated. The first system uses errors-and-erasures decoding (EED) in place of errors only RS decoding, whereas the second system employs a new 32-chip CCSK sequence instead of the 32-chip CCSK sequence chosen for JTIDS. The results show that EED outperforms errors-only RS decoding in all cases and the probability of symbol error obtained for the new CCSK sequence compares favorably with the sequence chosen for JTIDS.
Interval velocities from surface measurements in the three-dimensional plane layer case (1976)

Abstract The basic requirements to recover plane layers of constant interval velocity, arbitrary dip and strike from common depth point (CDP) recordings are the following four quantities related to the primary event of each reflector at the common midpoint of a CDP profile:a) Two-way normal timeb) Normal moveout velocity within one arbitrary CDP profilec) Time slope of normally reflected rays within the profiled) Time slope of normally reflected rays in some other direction.The solution of the inverse problem is obtained directly. The moveout velocity is expressed in terms of seismic parameters along the normal incidence path in three dimensions and the direction of the profile within the free surface. A formula connecting dip and strike of the emerging normal ray with the measured time gradients is given and discussed. The method includes, as a special case, the Dix formulas for plane parallel layers.
One-stage glycosylation using protected glycose: the synthesis of <i>O</i>-β-<scp>D</scp>-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-<i>O</i>-[β-<scp>D</scp>-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)]-<scp>D</scp>-glucopyranose (1981)

The one-stage β-glucosylation of benzyl 3-O-acetyl-2,4-di-O-benzyl-α-D-glucopyranoside (1) with 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-α-D-glucopyranose (2) using a mixture of p-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride, silver trifluoromethanesulfonate, and triethylamine, followed by deacetylation, gave benzyl O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-(1 → 6)-2,4-di-O-benzyl-α-D-glucopyranoside (3). The disaccharide derivative 3 was then subjected to the β-glucosylation, followed by catalytic hydrogénation, to afford O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)]-D-glucopyranose (4). The key intermediate 1 was prepared from D-glucose by way of a Fischer reaction, triphenylmethylation, a controlled benzylation, and detriphenylmethylation.
Modeling of minority-carrier transport in semiconductor regions with position-dependent material parameters at arbitrary injection levels (1996)

An analytical treatment of minority-carrier transport in bipolar transistors under arbitrary injection levels is presented. The analysis is not restricted to particular doping profiles and applies also to SiGe devices. As a first result, it is demonstrated that the minority-carrier transport equation is exactly soluble at high-injection (HI) levels, yielding closed-form expressions for the injected current, transit time, and sheet resistance. Contrary to the presently available formula which is recovered here as a particular case, our result reveals that the HI transit time is strongly affected by band-gap narrowing effects. It is also found that the transit time increase due to velocity saturation is more pronounced at HI levels than at low-injection (LI) levels. An analytical formulation for the collector current density, base transit time, and base sheet resistance, valid at any injection level, is then proposed. The analysis is based on the construction of approximate solutions of the transport equation. Finally, a simple expression for the effective electric field is derived, which allows one to more clearly study its variation with the injection level, and to easily take into account the electric field-dependence of the mobility.
Ultraviolet-emitting conjugated polymer poly(9,9′-alkyl-3,6-silafluorene) with a wide band gap of 4.0 eV (2005)

An ultraviolet-emitting conjugated polymer, poly(9,9'-alkyl-3,6-silafluorene) with a wide band gap of 4.0 eV, has been synthesized and characterized.
Consumer decision patterns through eye gaze analysis (2010)

Eye tracking technology is a powerful tool used in the HCI field to measure the attention of users. This has of course numerous favorable financial consequences, since it helps developers of e-commerce websites to redesign their interfaces and layouts in accordance with users' habits and expectations. Most of the time, gaze data are consequently used to make an application more user-centered. In this paper, we propose a different approach consisting of analyzing consumers' behaviors and decision aid agents' utility when introduced to an online perfume shop. The literature about purchase decision making is enriched by many studies focusing on the interactions between customers and sellers. However, few studies have been performed to examine consumers' online strategies through interactions with intelligent systems. The understanding of the sub-processes involved in the online purchase decision making process will help us to modify and improve the conception of decision aid agents. The results of our study show that each entity in common e-commerce websites has a specific role. In particular, a recommender system helps users to build the basket set and facilitates exploration. This tool is as influential as the description of products, or the list view of available items in a catalog.
Intestinal cholesterol esterase: intracellular enzyme or contamination of cytosol by pancreatic enzymes? (1984)

The location of cholesterol esterase in rabbit intestine was re-evaluated. In three different experiments that were designed to eliminate contaminating mucus and pancreatic enzymes from the lumen of the small intestine, it was observed that the activities of cholesterol esterase and amylase in intestinal cytosol and whole homogenate decreased in parallel fashion. After the mucus was carefully wiped from the intestinal mucosa prior to the preparation of cytosol, amylase and cholesterol esterase activities decreased sevenfold. The recovery of the total activity of both enzymes in the cytosol was approximately 15%. When the lumen of the small intestine was filled with phosphate buffer and incubated at 37 degrees C for 20 min, cholesterol esterase and amylase activities in the cytosol prepared from this segment were further decreased. Moreover, the activities of amylase and cholesterol esterase were completely recovered from the lumen. Amylase and cholesterol esterase activities in the cytosol were eliminated if dithiothreitol was used as a mucolytic agent to prepare intestinal mucosa for the isolation of intestinal cells. In whole homogenates prepared from these intestinal segments, approximately 10-15% of the total cholesterol esterase activity remained. This activity, which could not be accounted for by pancreatic contamination, was associated with intestinal nuclei and cellular debris. Progesterone, ethinyl estradiol, and 25-hydroxycholesterol regulated microsomal acyl CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase activity and caused similar directional changes in the rate of cholesteryl ester synthesis in isolated intestinal cells. These same sterols, however, failed to affect cytosolic cholesterol esterase activity in vitro.
Reliability and Clinical Impact of the Normalization of the Prothrombin Times in Oral Anticoagulant Control (1985)

In 1983, the World Health Organization (WHO) published recommendations for normalization, in oral anticoagulant control, of the prothrombin time (PT). The common denominator is the International Sensitivity Index (ISI) of a thromboplastin, obtained by means of thromboplastin calibration. The common scale is that of the International Normalized Ratio (INR). The INR is the PT ratio (Formula: see text) which would have been found with the WHO primary international reference preparation (IRP) 67/40. The reliability of the INR depends on the extent of calibration precision, patient-specific influences, as well as inter-laboratory variation in the PT determination. Under well-controlled conditions the overall coefficient of variation (CV) of the INR is 11-13.5%, if thromboplastins of ISI congruent to 1 are used. For so-called low-sensitivity thromboplastins (ISI congruent to 2-2.5), the overall variation is larger due to a large between-laboratory variation of the measured PT-ratios. The user of thromboplastin will be provided with a chart or graph enabling him to convert the conventional terms used for expressing PTs into INRs. For quality assurance, and to prepare his own calibration chart if necessary, he should check normalization by means of control plasmas to which INRs have been assigned. There is sufficient clinical evidence to express optimal therapeutic ranges in terms of INR. Manufacturers should revise and adapt their inserts where necessary in order to conform to these requirements.
Search for New Antiviral Agents Part V : Synthesis of Some 1,2 Disubstituted Benzimidazole Derivatives (1981)

Chemistry Department, Lucknow University, Lucknow, U, P. <em>Manuscript received 2 June 1979, revised 20 September 1980, occepted 9 June 1981</em> A few 1-oxo-styryl-2-alkyl-N-phthaloyl benzimidazole derivatives have been synthesized with a view to test their antiviral activity.
A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Randomized Trial of Varenicline for Smokeless Tobacco Dependence in India (2013)

Varenicline is safe for treating smokeless tobacco dependence in India, and further examination of this medication for this important public health problem is warranted.
Central Nervous System Control of Gastrointestinal Motility and Secretion and Modulation of Gastrointestinal Functions (2014)

Although the gastrointestinal (GI) tract possesses intrinsic neural plexuses that allow a significant degree of autonomy over GI functions, the central nervous system (CNS) provides extrinsic neural inputs that regulate, modulate, and control these functions. While the intestines are capable of functioning in the absence of extrinsic inputs, the stomach and esophagus are much more dependent upon extrinsic neural inputs, particularly from parasympathetic and sympathetic pathways. The sympathetic nervous system exerts a predominantly inhibitory effect upon GI muscle and provides a tonic inhibitory influence over mucosal secretion while, at the same time, regulates GI blood flow via neurally mediated vasoconstriction. The parasympathetic nervous system, in contrast, exerts both excitatory and inhibitory control over gastric and intestinal tone and motility. Although GI functions are controlled by the autonomic nervous system and occur, by and large, independently of conscious perception, it is clear that the higher CNS centers influence homeostatic control as well as cognitive and behavioral functions. This review will describe the basic neural circuitry of extrinsic inputs to the GI tract as well as the major CNS nuclei that innervate and modulate the activity of these pathways. The role of CNS-centered reflexes in the regulation of GI functions will be discussed as will modulation of these reflexes under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Finally, future directions within the field will be discussed in terms of important questions that remain to be resolved and advances in technology that may help provide these answers.
Application of wavelet transforms to ultrasonic NDE and remote-sensing signal analysis (2002)

The use of discrete wavelet transforms and the discrete Gabor transforms in the ultrasonic NDE (nondestructive evaluation) and remote-sensing signal characterization and/or classification is considered. Both the NDE and the remote-sensing signals are likely to have multiple components which may be quite suitable for wavelet analysis. For the ultrasonic NDE signals, both the hidden geometrical defects and the composite material defects have been examined by using the wavelet transforms. The first remote-sensing signal considered is a simulated complex radar signal set which is analyzed by the complex Gabor transform. The other remote sensing signal is an infrared data set. It is found that both the discrete Gabor transform and the Daubechies filter coefficients are very useful for improved processing gain and feature effectiveness with the imagery signals so that the target detection and identification capabilities can be enhanced.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A laser control chip combining a power regulator and a 622-Mbit/s modulator (1994)

This paper presents a circuit combining a 622-Mbit/s laser diode modulator and a power regulator with a closed loop bandwidth of less than 100 Hz. The power regulator's closed loop bandwidth is implemented using an integrator configuration employing a current division technique to implement a large integration resistor, and an electronic time-constant enhancement technique to achieve the desired closed loop bandwidth. Impacts of the electronic time-constant enhancement technique on noise performance are discussed. The power regulator includes an output stage capable of delivering the needed bias current for the laser diode. The output stage is implemented as a high-ratio bipolar current mirror using an area-efficient topology. The modulator has ECL-compatible inputs including 50-/spl Omega/ input termination resistors, and it can modulate the laser diode with a current of up to 45 mA/sub pp/.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Organometallic polymers. I. Synthesis of ferrocene‐containing poly(phosphine oxides) and poly(phosphine sulfides) (1967)

Abstract Poly(phosphine oxides) and poly(phosphine sulfides) of ferrocene were synthesized in the melt phase. The resulting ferrocene polymers, linked by phosphorus bridges, were thermally stable and infusible solids, of low molecular weight (M̄ n < 4000). Phenyldichlorophosphine, phenyldichlorophosphonate, and phenylphosphonothioic dichloride were copolymerized with ferrocene in the melt phase (80–110°C.) with ZnCl 2 as a catalyst. As the polymerization temperature was raised, cleavage of cyclopentadiene rings from iron became more pronounced, and cyclopentane‐bridged polymers of ferrocene were produced in competition with the ferrocene–phosphorus polymers. The cleavage‐polymerization process became predominant at 140°C. The structures of poly(phosphine oxides) (and sulfides) of ferrocene were verified by infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
The application of a frequency oscillation method for tooth extraction in dogs. (1975)

A tooth-grasping forceps with a gas-driven oscillating headpiece was designed for dental extractions in the dog, Compared with the conventional method, the extraction time was shortened considerably, and preliminary results indicate it may cause less trauma to alveolar bone and periodontal ligament.
Methods for Obtaining and Determination of Squalene from Natural Sources (2015)

Squalene is a natural dehydrotriterpenic hydrocarbon (C30H50) with six double bonds, known as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of phytosterol or cholesterol in plants or animals. We have briefly reviewed the natural sources for squalene and focused on the main methods and techniques to obtain and to determine it. Some of its applications in different fields of human activity are also mentioned.
CARBON NANOTUBE SYNTHESES (1998)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTCARBON NANOTUBE SYNTHESESSingle-walled nanotubes grown on surfaces link discrete sites...RUDY BAUMCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1998, 76, 45, 11Publication Date (Print):November 9, 1998Publication History Published online12 November 2010Published inissue 9 November 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v076n045.p011https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v076n045.p011newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyArticle Views43Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Carbon nanotubes Get e-Alerts
On the ratio of generalized variances (1983)

This paper examines the ratio of the determinants of two independent central Wishart matrices. The ratio is represented as a product of independent beta type-2 random variables and then the exact density is evaluated for the general case. Different representations and particular cases are also discussed.
Effects of Healon, N,O carboxymethyl Chitosan and Vitreon on conjunctival cells and human peripheral blood lymphocytes (2002)

Hyaluronic acid (HA) and perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL) are used during and after intraocular surgery to maintain normal ocular structure. We present the results of our studies on the effects of vertebrate HA (Healon), N,O carboxymethyl Chitosan (CMC), and PFCL (perfluorophenanthrene, Vitreon) on conjunctival epithelial cells and human peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL). No cytotoxic effects were observed with HA or CMC on conjunctival epithelial cells. PFCL flattened cultured conjunctival cells and was cytocidal. CMC was associated with the formation of monocyte/macrophage syncytia in mitogen stimulated PBL cultures. CMC and PFCL inhibited PBL proliferation and interferon-/spl gamma/ (IFN-/spl gamma/) production by phytohemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalin A (ConA) and Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) stimulated PBL. Our results indicate that HA and CMC are not toxic to conjunctival epithelial cells but suggest that CMC may affect monocyte/macrophage functions associated with T cell proliferation and IFN-/spl gamma/ production. PFCL is cytocidal to conjunctival epithelial cells in stationary cultures and suppresses PBL proliferation and IFN-/spl gamma/ production.
Study of uncontained turbine engine rotor failure airworthiness compliance verification method (2011)

The safety design is very important to civil aircraft. In order to verify the civil aircraft design whether meet the requirement of airworthiness regulation about the hazards to an airplane in the event of uncontained turbine engine rotor failure, which require the design measures to minimize the hazards in the case of uncontained turbine engine rotor failure. Airworthiness compliance verification method is presented in this paper .Firstly, in the cause of uncontained rotor fragments bursting out, the hazards validation method is proposed based on the results of airplane level functional hazard analysis (FHA) and fault tree analysis (FTA) in this paper. Secondly, airworthiness compliance verification procedure is developed. Thirdly, quantitative assessment model of hazards caused is proposed and calculated. Finally, an example show the whole airworthiness compliance verification procedure include hazards validation, quantitative calculation and airworthiness compliance verdict Results show that the hazard combinations resulting in multiple systems failure can be identified, thus providing more sufficient basis for airplane design improvement to minimize the hazards caused by uncontained engine rotor failure.
Q-statistic and T2-statistic PCA-based measures for damage assessment in structures (2010)

This article explores the use of principal component analysis (PCA) and T 2 and Q-statistic measures to detect and distinguish damages in structures. For this study, two structures are used for experimental assessment: a steel sheet and a turbine blade of an aircraft. The analysis has been performed in two ways: (i) by exciting the structure with low-frequency vibrations using a shaker and using several piezoelectric (PZT) sensors attached on the surface, and (ii) by exciting at high-frequency vibrations using a single PZT as actuator and several PZTs as sensors. A known vibration signal is applied and the dynamical responses are analyzed. A PCA model is built using data from the undamaged structure as a reference base line. The defects in the turbine blade are simulated by attaching a mass on the surface at different positions. Instead, a progressive crack is produced to the steel sheet. Data from sets of experiments for undamaged and damaged scenarios are projected into the PCA model. The first two projections, and the Q-statistic and T 2 -statistic indices are analyzed. Q-statistic indicates how well each sample conforms to the PCA model. It is a measure of the difference or residual between a sample and its projection into the principal components retained in the model. T 2 -statistic index is a measure of the variation of each sample within the PCA model. Results of each scenario are presented and discussed demonstrating the feasibility and potential of using this formulation in structural health monitoring.
The murine myeloperoxidase promoter contains several functional elements, one of which binds a cell type-restricted transcription factor, myeloid nuclear factor 1 (MyNF1). (1993)

The myeloperoxidase (MPO) gene is expressed specifically in myeloid cells. There is significant homology between the murine and human MPO genes in the 1.6-kb region located upstream of the murine MPO transcription initiation sites. 5',3', and internal deletions of this DNA segment localized several cis-acting DNA elements in the murine MPO promoter which are functional in 32D cl3 cells, a murine myeloblast cell line which expresses MPO. These DNA elements did not function well in mouse L-cell fibroblasts. Additional mutagenesis of the most active promoter region allowed the delimitation of a functional 20-bp segment. Mutation of the enhancer core motif within this segment was functionally deleterious, and an oligonucleotide containing these base pairs increased the activity of a minimal promoter. This same oligonucleotide, but not a mutant variant, could bind a set of nuclear proteins, myeloid nuclear factors 1 alpha and 1 beta (MyNF1 alpha and -1 beta), present in 32D cl3 cells but absent from L cells, murine erythroleukemia cells, and SP2 lymphoid cells.