gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Digital Vision Chip for Early Feature Extraction with Rotated Template-Matching CA (2005)

We discuss a cellular-automata (CA) LSI core that extracts early features of objects in images, such as sizes and skeletons. A CMOS-image sensor with a CA core enables high-speed image processing. We propose an efficient CA algorithm based on rotated template matching. Each cell circuit in the proposed CA is implemented by a digital circuit, and transistors in each cell circuit number 198 in full customized design. The CA LSI consists of a large number of cell circuits operating in parallel to ensure fast, efficient object extraction as the number of cells increases. With a 0.25μm CMOS process, the total area of each cell circuit is 30×30μm². Simulation results indicated that image processing with 320×240 cells operates at up to 25MHz.
SWIR-based spectral indices for assessing nitrogen content in potato fields (2010)

Nitrogen (N) is an essential element in plant growth and productivity, and N fertilizer is therefore of prime importance in cultivated crops. The amount and timing of N application has economic and environmental implications and is consequently considered to be an important issue in precision agriculture. Spectral indices derived from handheld, airborne and spaceborne spectrometers are used for assessing N content. The majority of these indices are based on indirect indicators, mostly chlorophyll content, which is proven to be physiologically linked to N content. The current research aimed to explore the performance of new N spectral indices dependent upon the shortwave infrared (SWIR) region (1200–2500 nm), and particularly the 1510 nm band because it is related directly to N content. Traditional nitrogen indices (NIs) and four proposed new SWIR-based indices were tested with canopy-level spectral data obtained during two growing seasons in potato experimental plots in the northwest Negev, Israel. Above-ground biomass samples were collected at the same location of the spectral sampling to provide in-situ N content data. The performance of all indices was evaluated by three methods: (1) correlations between the existing and proposed indices and N as well as correlations among the indices themselves; (2) the root mean square error prediction (RMSEP) of the N content; and (3) the indices relative sensitivity (S r) to the N content. The results reveal a firm advantage for the proposed SWIR-based indices in their ability to predict, and in their sensitivity to, N content. The best index is one that combines information from the 1510 and 660 nm bands but no significant differences were found among the new SWIR-based indices.
Overexpressed LIM Mineralization Proteins Do Not Require LIM Domains to Induce Bone (2002)

Rat LIM mineralization protein 1 (LMP-1, an LIM domain protein) mediates bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP-6) induction of bone nodule formation in fetal rat calvarial osteoblast (ROB) cultures. We have isolated the complementary DNA (cDNA) for the human homologue of LMP-1 from an adult human heart cDNA library and showed that when overexpressed it is osteoinductive in the same culture system. The recently revised cDNA sequence of Enigma, the protein product of which binds to the insulin receptor and the tyrosine kinase receptor ret, now matches the nucleotide sequence of human LMP-1 (hLMP-1). A truncated, 223 amino acid (AA) LMP-1(t) protein has identical effects as the full-length protein, despite the deletion of the LIM domains. Two splice variants of human LMP-1 have been detected. Human LMP-2 has a 119-base pair (bp) deletion between bp 325 and 444 and a 17-bp insertion at bp 444. The resulting derived protein contains 423 AA with the LIM domains intact and does not induce bone formation when overexpressed in ROB cultures. Human LMP-3 has the same 17 nucleotide insertion at bp 444, resulting in a shift in the reading frame that causes a stop codon to occur at bp 505-507. The resulting 153 AA protein does not have the LIM domains, but overexpression of hLMP-3 induces bone formation in osteoblast cultures. These findings suggest that the LIM domains are not required for LMPs to induce bone formation. In addition, a small region (36 AA) of the LMP-1 protein may be required for bone formation.
Sequential Therapy With Nonablative Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation, Post Transplant Imatinib and Donor Lymphocyte Infusion for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (2009)

Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is a potentially curative therapy for patients(pts) with CML. Its use has declined because of the favorable results of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), and concerns regarding toxicity and GVHD. The efficacy of ASCT is largely due to the immune graft-vs.-leukemia effect. Nonmyeloablative conditioning has reduced toxicity, and post transplant treatment with imatinib and donor lymphocyte infusions can produce durable molecular complete remissions in pts with residual disease. We prospectively studied use of a reduced intensity preparative regimen involving fludarabine, busulfan and Thymoglobulin followed by ASCT from an HLA identical or one antigen mismatched related or unrelated donor. Pts who do not achieve molecular CR (mCR) after 3 mo received TKI treatment. Those without mCR after an additional 3 mo received escalating doses of donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI). 42 pts, median age 42 yrs (range 14–69) were entered. All were previously treated with imatinib, but with detectable disease. 20 had early disease (chronic phase or isolated clonal evolution) and 22 had advanced CML (prior accelerated or blast phase). 4 early and 9 advanced pts had a cytogenetic CR (CyCR) at the time of transplant. The regimen was well tolerated without life-threatening toxicity except for one pt with reversible transplant related microangioapathy. Two pts had graft failure, one required a second transplant and the other had autologous recovery with Ph- hematopoiesis. Only one pt died within 100 days post transplant. At 3 months, all of the chronic phase pts and 21 of the 18 advanced pts achieved CyCR and 7 early and 5 advanced pts achieved a mCR. 22 pts received treatment with TKIs post transplant; mCR was achieved in 7 of the 9 early pts and 2 of 13 advanced pts. 16 pts subsequently received DLI; 2 of 2 pts with early disease achieved mCR with one other pt too early to evaluate; 2 of 13 advanced pts have a mCR. 31 pts are alive. This includes 18 of 20 (90%) transplanted with early disease, (all in cCyR 13 in cMR) and 13 of the 22 (59%) with advanced disease (7 in cCyR and 9 in cMR). This sequential strategy of nonmyeloablative ASCT, post transplant TKIs, and DLI is associated with a low treatment related mortality and deserves further study to produce durable mCR in patients with a suboptimal response to imatinib. Most favorable results were achieved in pts without overt transformation.
[The "classical" macrophage marker CD68 is strongly expressed in primary human fibroblasts]. (2003)

Our findings clearly demonstrate that the expression of CD68 is not restricted to the macrophage lineage. This is highly relevant for experimental and diagnostic purposes, since anti CD68 antibodies cannot be accepted without reservations for the discrimination of myeloid cells and fibroblasts even in paraffin sections after formalin fixation.
In Vivo XRF Measurements of Heavy Elements: Summary of a Workshop (1994)

This is a brief summary of the first workshop of “In Vivo XRF Measurements of Heavy Elements,” at the Denver Conference on Applications of X-Ray Analysis. In vivo x-ray fluorescence has been applied to medical applications since the 1960's, with much of the pioneering work being done in Sweden (1). First measurements were of iodine in the thyroid. Elements from iron to uranium have now been measured, at natural and elevated levels. Elevated levels occur either unintentionally through occupational or environmental exposure, or intentionally through medical administration. Examples of measurements are cadmium in kidney and liver, platinum in kidneys and tumors, mercury in the wrists and skulls of dentists, lead in various near-surface bones, copper in the eye and iron in skin. Nearly all measurements make use of either silicon or germanium detectors; radioisotopes and less frequently x-ray tubes are used for excitation.
An Approach to Multimodal Biomedical Image Registration Utilizing Particle Swarm Optimization (2004)

Biomedical image registration, or geometric alignment of two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional (3D) image data, is becoming increasingly important in diagnosis, treatment planning, functional studies, computer-guided therapies, and in biomedical research. Registration based on intensity values usually requires optimization of some similarity metric between the images. Local optimization techniques frequently fail because functions of these metrics with respect to transformation parameters are generally nonconvex and irregular and, therefore, global methods are often required. In this paper, a new evolutionary approach, particle swarm optimization, is adapted for single-slice 3D-to-3D biomedical image registration. A new hybrid particle swarm technique is proposed that incorporates initial user guidance. Multimodal registrations with initial orientations far from the ground truth were performed on three volumes from different modalities. Results of optimizing the normalized mutual information similarity metric were compared with various evolutionary strategies. The hybrid particle swarm technique produced more accurate registrations than the evolutionary strategies in many cases, with comparable convergence. These results demonstrate that particle swarm approaches, along with evolutionary techniques and local methods, are useful in image registration, and emphasize the need for hybrid approaches for difficult registration problems.
SEROLOGIC TESTS FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF LYME DISEASE (1993)

Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases. New England Medical Center Hospitals, Boston, Massachusetts
Coin Flipping, Dynamical Systems, and the Fibonacci Numbers (1994)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size This article is part of the following collections: The Fibonacci Sequence
Identification and characterization of nonsedimentable lipid-protein microvesicles. (1991)

Previously uncharacterized lipid-protein microvesicles have been isolated from young and senescing bean cotyledon tissue. The microvesicles are nonsedimentable and enriched in phospholipid degradation products (free fatty acids, long-chain aldehydes, and long-chain hydrocarbons). They range from 70 to 170 nm (radius) with a mean radius of 132 nm, and it is clear from freeze-fracture electron micrographs that they are bilayered in nature. Nonsedimentable lipid-protein microvesicles containing the same products of phospholipid degradation but smaller were also formed in vitro when smooth microsomal membranes from young cotyledon tissue were treated with Ca2+ to stimulate enzymatic degradation of phospholipids. The data suggest that these microvesicles comprise an intermediate stage of membrane lipid deterioration. They appear to serve as a vehicle for moving phospholipid degradation products out of membranes into the cytosol during senescence and perhaps also during normal membrane lipid turnover.
A high-pass phaseless filter for eliminating low-frequency ECG noise during exercise and its clinical application to automatic analysis of the heart rate and ST segment level. (1984)

We developed a new technique to eliminate low-frequency ECG noise by the use of a specially designed high-pass phaseless filter. The phaseless filter was tested by computer-simulated ECG signals and it proved to be highly effective in eliminating ECG noise without any significant deformation of the ST segment level. The maximum distortion of ST segment level at 0.8 Hz cut off frequency of this filter is equivalent to the distortion of the usual ECG Amp having 0.1 Hz cut off frequency (JIS). Furthermore, studies of the stabilized ECG recordings during exercise, which became possible by using the phaseless filter, enabled us to develop a method of automatic analysis of the heart rate-ST segment level relationship during and after exercise. The submaximal exercise ECG test was done on 78 ostensibly healthy men. The heart rate (X axis) and three points on the ST segment levels (Y axis) were plotted automatically on an X-Y recorder. Although a great variety of patterns were drawn, we could discern clearly different patterns for normal subject and those with typical ischemic heart disease. Further analysis of this relationship will undoubtedly contribute to the detection of ischemic heart disease.
Total synthesis of the ravidomycin aglycone (defucogilvocarcin V) (1987)

The synthesis of 1-hydroxy-10,12-dimethoxy-8-vinyl-6H-benzo[d]naphtho[1, 2b]pyran-6-one 7, starting from vanillin and 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene is described. This compound is the aglycone of the antitumor antibiotic ravidomycin and is identical with the recently reported antimicrobial agent, defucogilvocarcin V.
Fractionation of Short-Ragweed Pollen Extracts on Diethylaminoethyl-Cellulose (1959)

Summary A method is described for fractionation of extracts of short-ragweed pollen using column chromatography with DEAE-cellulose. There appear to be at least seven distinct allergens; four major and three minor, in the phosphate extract of short-ragweed pollen. Practically all patients react to one major allergen but only about 50% react with three other major allergens. The reaction patterns of different patients differ. The patients react to one or more (up to five) of the allergen fractions, but in multiple reactions the fractions are not always the same. The importance of these findings in the treatment of the ragweed sensitive patient is discussed.
Optimización Multi-Objetivo de la Secuencia de aterrizaje de aviones (2013)

Se proponen dos metodos para resolver el problema de Secuencia de Aterrizaje de Aviones. En este problema el controlador debe asignar un tiempo de aterrizaje y una pista a cada avion que entran en el radar, minimizando los costes a la vez que se respetan un numero de restricciones operacionales. Los costes asociados con los tiempos de aterrizaje de aviones varian segun el tiempo de aterrizaje asignado. Las restricciones hacen referencia a la separacion que tiene que haber entre aterrizajes consecutivos, separacion que depende del tipo de avion, y a la ocupacion de pista. Dado un numero de aviones en un tiempo determinado, se proponen dos metodos basados en Algoritmos Evolutivos Multi-Objetivo (MOEAs). Se comparan los dos algoritmos y la calidad de las soluciones obtenidas.
Explainable security for relational databases (2014)

Companies and organizations collect and use vast troves of sensitive user data whose release must be carefully controlled. In practice, the access policies that govern this data are often fine-grained, complex, poorly documented, and difficult to reason about. As a result, principals frequently request and are granted access to data they never use. To encourage developers and administrators to use security mechanisms more effectively, we propose a novel security model in which all security decisions are formally explainable. Whether a query is accepted or denied, the system returns a concise yet formal explanation which can allow the issuer to reformulate a rejected query or adjust his/her security credentials. Our approach has a strong formal foundation based on previously unexplored connections between disclosure lattices and policy algebras. We build on this foundation and implement a disclosure control system that handles a wide variety of real SQL queries and can accommodate complex policy constraints.
Thermal Hydraulic, Exergy and Exergy-Economic Analysis of Micro Heat Sinks at High Flow Rates (2010)

Recently, micro/nanofabrication technology has been used to develop a number of microfluidic systems. With its integration to microfluidic devices, microchannels and micro scale pin fin heat sinks find applications in many areas such as drug delivery and propulsion in biochemical reaction chambers and micro mixing. Many research efforts have been performed to reveal thermal and hydrodynamic performances of microchannel based micro fluidic devices. In the current study, it is aimed to extend the knowledge on this field by investigating heat and fluid flow in micro heat sinks at high flow rates. Moreover, thermodynamic and thermo-economic aspects were also considered. De-ionized water was used as the coolant in the system. Flow rates were measured over pressures of 20–80 psi. A serpentine heater was deposited at the back of the micro pin fin devices to enable the delivery of heat to these devices. Two micro-pin fin devices each having different geometrical properties (Circular based and Hydrofoil based) were used in this study. In addition, the performances (thermal-hydraulic, exergy, exergo-economic) were also experimentally obtained for a plain microchannel device. Thermal resistances, exergy efficiencies and thermo-economic parameters were obtained from the devices and their performances were assessed.
Stochastic Modeling of Expression Kinetics Identifies Messenger Half-Lives and Reveals Sequential Waves of Co-ordinated Transcription and Decay (2012)

The transcriptome in a cell is finely regulated by a large number of molecular mechanisms able to control the balance between mRNA production and degradation. Recent experimental findings have evidenced that fine and specific regulation of degradation is needed for proper orchestration of a global cell response to environmental conditions. We developed a computational technique based on stochastic modeling, to infer condition-specific individual mRNA half-lives directly from gene expression time-courses. Predictions from our method were validated by experimentally measured mRNA decay rates during the intraerythrocytic developmental cycle of Plasmodium falciparum. We then applied our methodology to publicly available data on the reproductive and metabolic cycle of budding yeast. Strikingly, our analysis revealed, in all cases, the presence of periodic changes in decay rates of sequentially induced genes and co-ordination strategies between transcription and degradation, thus suggesting a general principle for the proper coordination of transcription and degradation machinery in response to internal and/or external stimuli.
Lack of synergy by mixtures of weakly estrogenic hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls and pesticides. (1998)

We examined the estrogenicity of binary mixtures of the hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (OHPCBs) 2,4,6-trichloro-4'-biphenylol (2,4,6-TCB-4'-OH) and 2,3,4,5-tetrachloro-4'-biphenylol and the pesticides endosulfan and dieldrin. The OHPCBs and pesticides were tested in both the MCF-7 focus assay and a competitive estrogen-receptor binding assay. Although the individual OHPCBs were estrogenic in both assays, there was no synergy when they were combined at various concentrations as equimolar mixtures. Of the pesticides, only endosulfan was estrogenic. Its weak estrogenicity was seen only in the MCF-7 focus assay at the highest concentration tested--10 microM. There was no synergy of the equimolar mixture of pesticides. To determine whether OHPCBs might respond synergistically when combined with the natural estrogen 17-beta-estradiol (E2), we tested various concentrations of 2,4,6-TCB-4'-OH in the MCF-7 focus assay in combination with physiologically relevant concentrations of E2. There was no synergy between 2,4,6-TCB-4'-OH and E2. Pretreatment for 3 or 7 days with 2,4,6-TCB-4'-OH had no effect on subsequent foci induced by a concentration of 2,4,6-TCB-4'-OH and E2. Although our results showing no synergy between the pesticides or the OHPCBs are in contrast to a recent report that binary mixtures of these same compounds produce synergistic responses in estrogen-sensitive assays, they are in agreement with the results from other assays showing a lack of synergy. Considering all results, it appears that synergy of these weakly estrogenic compounds acting through the estrogen receptor is unlikely.
Towards practical space-variant based face recognition and authentication (2014)

Face recognition is among the most challenging areas of research in Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. The early approaches, based on iconic representations and image filtering techniques, have been recently surpassed by new algorithms based on the extraction of distinctive features, and the adoption of powerful descriptors capturing essential information of the face. In this paper several issues related to the adoption of a space variant descriptor are discussed. In particular, it is shown that, combining the extraction of salient points and space-variant descriptors, a novel and efficient method for face recognition and authentication can be implemented. Preliminary experimental results obtained from both the FERET and the BANCA databases are reported, demonstrating the large-scale applicability of the devised technique.
Unnecessary Transfers for Acute Surgical Care: Who and Why? (2016)

Interhospital transfers for acute surgical care occur commonly, but without clear guidelines or protocols. Transfers may subject patients and delivery systems to significant burdens without clear clinical benefit. The incidence and factors associated with unnecessary transfers are not well described. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patient transfers within a regional referral network to a tertiary center for nontrauma acute surgical care from 2009 to 2013. Clinically unnecessary transfers were defined as transfers that resulted in no intervention (operation, endoscopy, or interventional radiology procedure) and discharge to home within 72 hours. We performed bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. The study population included 2177 patient transfers, 19 per cent of which were determined to be clinically unnecessary. After adjustment, clinically unnecessary transfers were more commonly performed for patient request (odds ratio = 2.52, 95% confidence interval = 1.60-3.99), continuity of care (1.87, 1.44-2.42), and care by urologic (1.50, 1.06-2.13) and vascular services (1.44, 1.03-2.01). Patients with higher comorbidity and severity of illness scores were less likely to have unnecessary transfers. The burden of unnecessary transfers could be mitigated by identifying appropriate transfer candidates through mutually developed guidelines, interfacility collaboration, and increased use of remote care to provide surgical subspecialty consultation and maintain continuity.