gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recognition of isolated musical patterns using context dependent dynamic time warping (2003)

Automatic recognition of musical patterns plays a crucial part in musicological and ethnomusicological research and can become an indispensable tool for the search and comparison of music extracts within a large multimedia database. This paper presents an efficient method for recognizing isolated musical patterns in a monophonic environment, using a novel extension of dynamic time warping, which we call context dependent dynamic time warping. Each pattern, to be recognized, is converted into a sequence of frequency jumps by means of a fundamental frequency tracking algorithm, followed by a quantizer. The resulting sequence of frequency jumps is presented to the input of the recognizer. The main characteristic of context dependent dynamic time warping is that it exploits the correlation exhibited among adjacent frequency jumps of the feature sequence. The methodology has been tested in the context of Greek traditional music, which exhibits certain characteristics that make the classification task harder, when compared with western musical tradition. A recognition rate higher than 95% was achieved.
The Diagnostic Accuracy of Tests for Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Hemodialysis Patients (2014)

The QFT-G and the T-SPOT.TB tests were more sensitive than the TST for diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection in patients on hemodialysis while offering a comparable level of specificity. This systematic review calls into question the practice of using the TST to screen in this population, especially in patients considered for kidney transplantation.
Formalizing an Informal Process (1998)

Abstract In 1993, professionals at the University of Delaware Library initiated a formal mentoring program. Turnover and additions of professional positions had produced rapid changes in the composition of the staff during the 1980's. Many staff members faced the challenges of becoming active in professional organizations and fulfilling the requirements for promotion. Although informal mentoring partnerships already existed, the staff thought that it would be useful to formalize these relationships in a library-wide mentoring program. A committee was formed to evaluate mentoring programs at other institutions, and then present potential models to the staff for development to fit the Library's needs. The resulting three-tiered program has helped professional staff members receive orientation to the Library's corporate culture, obtain advice on promotion preparation, and learn about opportunities for profession al growth in the field of librarianship.
Radioactive contamination of soil close to phosphogypsum disposal pond (2003)

Natural radioactivity is a part of our natural surrounding and concentrations of natural radionuclides in the environment increase with the development of technologies. It has become clear that the rapidly growing world population must depend increasingly upon commercial fertilizers for its food and fiber. Phosphate materials used for production of phosphate fertilizers contain a minor quantity of radioactive material, mainly various members of the uranium and thorium series, and radiopotassium. In Republic of Croatia, the annual use of phosphate fertilizers is low. Specific activity of uranium is from 600 to 1400 Bqkg-1, of potassium about 3000 Bqkg-1. Thorium content is neglected. The basic phosphate material used to produce phosphate fertilizers unfortunately is very insoluble. For that reason, drastic chemical treatment with strong acid is necessary to produce soluble phosphate products. The result of classical process is precipitation of gypsum (termed phosphogypsum). The aim of the present work was to define the level of some natural radionuclides in soil samples collected from uncultivated surfaces close to phosphogypsum disposal pond at phosphate fertilizer plant in Republic of Croatia. The specific activities of uranium (238U) and thorium (232Th) decay series, as well as radiopotassium (40K) have been determined gammaspectrometrically.
PortAudio - an Open Source Cross Platform Audio API. (2001)

This paper describes a new open-source cross-platform 'C' library for audio input and output. It is designed to simplify the porting of audio applications between various platforms, and also to simplify the development of audio programs in general by hiding the complexities of device interfacing. The API was worked out through community discussions on the music-dsp mailing list. A number of people have contributed to the development of the API and are listed on the web-site. Implementations of PortAudio for Windows MME andDirectSound, the Macintosh Sound Manager, and Unix OSS have been developed and are freely available on the web.Support for other platforms is being planned.The paper describes the use of PortAudio and discusses the issues involved in its development including the design philosophy, latency, callbacks versus blocking read/write calls, and efficiency.
A cluster-based approach to thesaurus construction (1988)

The importance of a thesaurus in the successful operation of an information retrieval system is well recognized. Yet techniques which support the automatic generation of thesauri remain largely undiscovered. This paper describes one approach to the automatic generation of global thesauri, based on the discrimination value model of Salton, Yang, and Yu and on an appropriate clustering algorithm. This method has been implemented and applied to two document collections. Preliminary results indicate that this method, which produces improvements in retrieval performance in excess of 10 and 15 percent in the test collections, is viable and worthy of continued investigation.
Expression Patterns of Glutathione Transferase Gene (GstI) in Maize Seedlings Under Juglone-Induced Oxidative Stress (2011)

Juglone (5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) has been identified in organs of many plant species within Juglandaceae family. This secondary metabolite is considered as a highly bioactive substance that functions as direct oxidant stimulating the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in acceptor plants. Glutathione transferases (GSTs, E.C.2.5.1.18) represent an important group of cytoprotective enzymes participating in detoxification of xenobiotics and limiting oxidative damages of cellular macromolecules. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of tested allelochemical on growth and development of maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings. Furthermore, the effect of juglone-induced oxidative stress on glutathione transferase (GstI) gene expression patterns in maize seedlings was recorded. It was revealed that 4-day juglone treatment significantly stimulated the transcriptional activity of GstI in maize seedlings compared to control plants. By contrast, at the 6th and 8th day of experiments the expression gene responses were slightly lower as compared with non-stressed seedlings. Additionally, the specific gene expression profiles, as well as the inhibition of primary roots and coleoptile elongation were proportional to juglone concentrations. In conclusion, the results provide strong molecular evidence that allelopathic influence of juglone on growth and development of maize seedlings may be relevant with an induction of oxidative stress in acceptor plants.
The Rise and Decline of Mancur Olson's View of<i>The Rise and Decline of Nations</i> (2007)

The evolution of Mancur Olson's views regarding The Rise and Decline of Nations , the second of his three main books, is examined. It expands and extends to history and to the world the arguments presented in his earlier work, The Logic of Collective Action. Although Olson never abandons the idea that the accumulation of interest groups in a democratic society can lead to its economic stagnation, how this comes about and can be overcome changes somewhat by the time of his final book, Power and Prosperity , which focuses on the problems of transition economies and proper political governance. A sign of the greater complexity of his later views emerges in his analysis of the U.S. South, presented in his 1983 presidential address to the Southern Economic Association.
Enterogastrone Inhibits Eating by Fasted Mice (1967)

In mice fasted for 17 hours, administration of enterogastrone purified from hog duodenum reduced the food intake. This effect was greatest during the first 30 minutes, but the cumulative reduction continued for at least 4 hours. Other peptides prepared from hog duodenum or colon, as well as glucagon, secretin, glucose, and bovine serum albumin, were ineffective.
N5-Acetyl-N5-hydroxy-L-ornithine-derived siderophore-carbacephalosporin .beta.-lactam conjugates: iron transport mediated drug delivery (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTN5-Acetyl-N5-hydroxy-L-ornithine-derived siderophore-carbacephalosporin .beta.-lactam conjugates: iron transport mediated drug deliveryE. Kurt Dolence, Albert A. Minnick, and Marvin J. MillerCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1990, 33, 2, 461–464Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00164a001https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00164a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views524Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
DNA-Controlled Assembly of Soft Nanoparticles (2008)

Immobilization of DNA (encoding) on solid nanoparticles requires surface chemistry, which is well established for gold surfaces but often tedious and not generally applicable for many other inorganic surface materials. While substantial effort has been devoted to expanding surface chemistry techniques for solid nanoparticles, considerably less attention has been given to the development of noncovalent attachment of DNA to soft nanoparticles, like liposomes. Here we report a DNA-controlled assembly of liposomes in solution and on solid supported membranes, this process displays remarkably sharp thermal transitions from an assembled to a disassembled state, allowing application of DNA-controlled liposome assembly for the detection of polynucleotides (e.g., DNA) with single mismatch discrimination power. The method is based on a single DNA strand (contains two lipid membrane anchors), which is able to noncovalently attach to a liposome surface. This design enables detection of biological polynucleotide targets as the complementary strand can be unmodified DNA and RNA strands.
Café society (2007)

Massages, reiki and thai chi – these are not the kinds of activities which immediately spring to mind when you think of a café for people with dementia.
Reaction of N-Nonaflylbenzotriazole with Silyl Enol Ethers (2009)

N-Nonaflylbenzotriazole reacts with trimethylsilyl enol ethers in tetrahydrofuran at room temperature under tetrabutylammonium fluoride catalysis to afford o-(nonafluorobutylsulfonamido)phenylhydrazones in 19-82% yield. N-Nonaflylbenzotriazole reacts twice with the less sterically demanding silyl enol ethers to afford the corresponding o-(nonafluorobutylsulfonamido)phenyl­azo enols in 41-75% yield.
Using a Combination of Electroencephalographic and Acoustic Features to Accurately Predict Emotional Responses to Music (2021)

Music has the ability to evoke a wide variety of emotions in human listeners. Research has shown that treatment for depression and mental health disorders is significantly more effective when it is complemented by music therapy. However, because each human experiences music-induced emotions differently, there is no systematic way to accurately predict how people will respond to different types of music at an individual level. In this experiment, a model is created to predict humans&rsquo; emotional responses to music from both their electroencephalographic data (EEG) and the acoustic features of the music. By using recursive feature elimination (RFE) to extract the most relevant and performing features from the EEG and music, a regression model is fit and accurately correlates the patient&rsquo;s actual music-induced emotional responses and model&rsquo;s predicted responses. By reaching a mean correlation of r = 0.788, this model is significantly more accurate than previous works attempting to predict music-induced emotions (e.g. a 370% increase in accuracy as compared to Daly et al. (2015)). The results of this regression fit suggest that accurately predicting how people respond to music from brain activity is possible. Furthermore, by testing this model on specific features extracted from any musical clip, music that is most likely to evoke a happier and pleasant emotional state in an individual can be determined. This may allow music therapy practitioners, as well as music-listeners more broadly, to select music that will improve mood and mental health.
Momentary Affect Surrounding Loss of Control and Overeating in Obese Adults With and Without Binge Eating Disorder (2011)

Research suggests that loss of control (LOC) while eating (the sense that one cannot control what or how much one is eating) is a more salient feature of binge eating than the amount of food consumed. This study examined the unique contributions of LOC and episode size to negative affect surrounding eating episodes in binge eating disorder (BED) and obesity. Twenty-two obese adults with (n = 9) and without (n = 13) BED completed daily records of eating patterns and mood using ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Linear mixed modeling revealed that across groups, greater premeal self-reported LOC was associated with higher premeal negative affect independent of episode size. For individuals with BED, greater premeal self-reported LOC was associated with higher postmeal negative affect, regardless of the amount of food eaten, whereas for obese controls, the combination of LOC and consumption of large amounts of food was associated with lower postmeal negative affect. Results indicate that LOC, but not the quantity of food consumed, is associated with momentary distress related to aberrant eating in BED. Findings also highlight the need for further research investigating the emotional context surrounding aberrant eating in obese individuals without BED.
The use of servos in the Army during the past war (1947)

The paper reviews the principal applications of servo mechanisms to Army weapons during the past war, giving in each case a general description of the particular system employed, and outlining the main historical and design factors governing its adoption. Features of design of special interest are noted. It is not claimed that the number of examples given is exhaustive, but it is representative of the field covered in relation to Army weapons.
Characterization of electromigration under bidirectional (BC) and pulsed unidirectional (PDC) currents (2003)

The electromigration of Al-1%-Si interconnects under bidirectional (BC) and pulsed unidirectional (PDC) signals is discussed. The effect of signal asymmetry, duty cycle and frequency on the damage generation rate has been tested. The data suggests that the equivalent DC current of a non-DC signal is given by the average of the signal current for frequencies 1 kHz and higher. A transition region from an average DC equivalent circuit model to an ON-time equivalent type model has been identified around 1 Hz for PDC signals at 3.3E6 A/cm/sup 2/ and 200 degrees C. The refilling of microvoids under current reversal prevents the observation of that transition region for symmetrical bidirectional currents. PDC signals are shown to behave as particular cases of a generalized bidirectional signal. A physical model of the kinetics of material accumulation/depletion is described to show that a high-frequency operation approximation naturally leads to the average DC equivalent-current model.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Sulfonylurea-Binding Sites and ATP-Sensitive K+ Channels in α-TC Glucagonoma and β-TC Insulinoma Cells (1993)

alpha-Cells secrete glucagon in a fuel-dependent fashion. We tested the hypothesis that alpha-cells contain sulfonylurea- and ATP-sensitive K+ channels. We studied two clonal lines of alpha-TC cells (simian virus 40 T-antigen induced glucagonoma cells) and for reference purposes, similarly transformed beta-TC insulinoma cells. alpha-TC cells each contained approximately 3000 high-affinity binding sites for the sulfonylurea [3H]glyburide. Whole-cell ATP- and tolbutamide-sensitive K+ currents of alpha-TC and beta-TC cells, relative to cell surface area, were comparable. In cell-attached membrane patches of alpha-TC cells, two types of K+ channels were observed. They had slope conductances of approximately 63 and 33 pS when the electrode contained 151 mM K+. Tolbutamide and diazoxide decreased and enhanced, respectively, the open probability of these channels. The membrane of alpha-TC cells depolarized periodically. This electrical activity was inhibited by diazoxide. A physiological mixture of amino acids enhanced glucagon release, and high glucose partially inhibited this release. Tolbutamide also enhanced glucagon release, whereas diazoxide inhibited it. Thus, alpha-TC glucagonoma cells contain ATP-sensitive K+ channels that regulate glucagon release, yet allow inhibition of hormone release by glucose.
A Definition of Optimum Nutrient Requirements in Birch Seedlings. II (1971)

Abstract The aim of the experiments described was to specify further the nutrient requirements of birch seedlings. A growth method is described in which the nutrients consumed at maximum growth of birch seedlings can be replaced, without change of the nutrient solution, by means of additions made as pH and conductivity titrations so that three conditions are satisfied: 1) All necessary mineral nutrients are present in the plant in optimum proportions. 2) The nitrogen sources NH 4 + and NO 3 ‐ are present in the nutrient solution in an optimum ratio. 3) Total concentration in the solution is optimum. The three conditions may be regarded as criteria in a definition of nutrient requirements. The possible use of criterion 1 as an expression of the optimum nutrient status is also discussed. A considerable increase in light intensity had no significant effect on the optimum nutrient proportions or the optimum total concentration. A tendency to lower ammonium uptake in relation to nitrate was induced when both nitrogen sources were present. Simple stock nutrient solution systems are listed and discussed.
Low voltage CMOS active pixel sensor design methodology with device scaling considerations (2001)

In this paper, the design methodology and trade-offs for low voltage CMOS active pixel sensors (APS) are studied. As a result of device scaling, the power supply voltage has to be scaled at the same time. However, with the conventional APS architecture, the swing available for analog to digital conversion is significantly reduced. A new architecture with PMOS reset transistor can increase the APS swing by one V/sub T/ (threshold voltage) at the expense of extra area required for the N-well. This extra area can be compensated by using transistors with reduced dimensions. The trade-off between area and power supply voltage over 4 generations of technologies is studied and compared.
Modeling three‐dimensional crack propagation—A comparison of crack path tracking strategies (2008)

Abstract The development of a new finite element technique for the simulation of discontinuous failure phenomena in three dimensions is the key objective of this study. In contrast to the widely used extended finite element technique, we apply a purely deformation‐based strategy based on an independent interpolation of the deformation field on both sides of the discontinuity. This method has been applied successfully for two‐dimensional crack propagation problems in the past. However, when it comes to three‐dimensional failure phenomena, it faces the same difficulties as the extended finite element method. Unlike in two dimensions, the characterization for the three‐dimensional failure surface is non‐unique and the tracking of the discrete crack can be performed in several conceptually different ways. In this work, we review the four most common three‐dimensional crack tracking strategies. We perform a systematic comparison in terms of standard algorithmic quality measures such as mesh independency, efficiency, robustness, stability and computational cost. Moreover, we discuss more specific issues such as crack path continuity and integratability in commercial finite element packages. The features of the suggested crack tracking algorithms will be elaborated by means of characteristic benchmark problems in failure analysis. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Projections from the Rat Prefrontal Cortex to the Ventral Tegmental Area: Target Specificity in the Synaptic Associations with Mesoaccumbens and Mesocortical Neurons (2000)

Excitatory projections from the prefrontal cortex (PFC) to the ventral tegmental area (VTA) play an important role in regulating the activity of VTA neurons and the extracellular levels of dopamine (DA) within forebrain regions. Previous investigations have demonstrated that PFC terminals synapse on the dendrites of DA and non-DA neurons in the VTA. However, the projection targets of these cells are not known. To address whether PFC afferents innervate different populations of VTA neurons that project to the nucleus accumbens (NAc) or to the PFC, a triple labeling method was used that combined peroxidase markers for anterograde and retrograde tract-tracing with pre-embedding immunogold-silver labeling for either tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) or GABA. Within the VTA, PFC terminals formed asymmetric synapses onto dendritic shafts that were immunoreactive for either TH or GABA. PFC terminals also synapsed on VTA dendrites that were retrogradely labeled from the NAc or the PFC. Dendrites retrogradely labeled from the NAc and postsynaptic to PFC afferents were sometimes immunoreactive for GABA but were never TH-labeled. Conversely, dendrites retrogradely labeled from the PFC and postsynaptic to PFC afferents were sometimes immunoreactive for TH but were never GABA-labeled. These results provide the first demonstration of PFC afferents synapsing on identified cell populations in the VTA and indicate a considerable degree of specificity in the targets of the PFC projection. The unexpected finding of selective PFC synaptic input to GABA-containing mesoaccumbens neurons and DA-containing mesocortical neurons suggests novel mechanisms through which the PFC can influence the activity of ascending DA and GABA projections.