gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multiple beam-shaping diaphragm for efficient exposure of gratings (1993)

The variable-shaped beam principle has some advantages over Gaussian beams in terms of throughput. The multiple beam-shaping diaphragm concept offers additional capabilities and further increase of throughput. The fabrication procedure of the diaphragm blades are described. We used the multiple beam-shaping diaphragm in ZBA 31/32 from JENOPTIK for efficient exposure of gratings with critical dimension down to 150 nm.
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF REPAIRS TO SECONDARY LINING AT CONISBROUGH TUNNEL, CADEBY, SOUTH YORKSHIRE (2001)

Conisbrough Tunnel, in South Yorkshire, was opened to passenger traffic in 1849. Subsequent to construction of the tunnel two sections of the brick and masonry-lined tunnel were supported by the installation of wrought iron ribs infilled with brick. This resulted in a reduction of clearances and the application of a Permanent Speed Restriction (PSR). Studies carried out by the lead authors on behalf of Railtrack LNE concluded that the lining of the tunnel in its current state was stable, but that the wrought iron arches were not contributing to the support provided by the secondary lining. These wrought iron ribs were extremely corroded and therefore their full removal was recommended. The studies also concluded that the failure mechanism (resulting in the original installation of the secondary lining) was geomechanical. This paper describes the detailed design studies carried out to provide a solution comprising installation of 8m to 12m long rock dowels on a regular pattern, followed by removal of the secondary lining and installation of stainless steel mesh. It was concluded that removal of the whole of the secondary lining, which would improve clearances in the tunnel and permit the lifting of the PSR, could be carried out provided the stability of the primary lining could be maintained. The critical stability of the primary lining was achieved by prior installation of the rock dowels, sleeved off through the secondary lining. Grouting of the voids above the crown using lightweight aggregates was the recommended method for reducing the risk from upwards movements in the crown leading to further sidewall movement. Construction of these repairs commenced in March 2000 within a series of restricted night-time possessions. To date, all planned rock dowel installation is complete and removal of the secondary lining is well underway. The paper describes the installation of the rock dowels, removal of secondary lining and installation of the mesh. The paper further describes the careful sequencing required at the temporary works stage to ensure the stability of the primary lining and guarantee the safety of workers in the tunnel, and also the careful programming carried out to minimise disruption to the railway. For the covering abstract see ITRD E123713.
Control of the citric acid cycle by glyoxylate. 2. Mechanism of the inhibition of respiration in liver and kidney particles (1962)

1. The rate of the condensation of glyoxylate and oxaloacetate was followed by determining the disappearance of the aldehyde group.
Updated Meta-Analysis on the Relationship Between Congruence and Satisfaction (2005)

This article reports on a replication meta-analysis of Holland’s congruence theory, which maps the relationship between vocational interests-vocational environments on one hand and satisfaction on the other. The replication is based on 26 studies reported between 1988 and 2003, representing 53 samples and 6,557 respondents. This meta-analysis also examines the effect of culture and age as moderating variables on the congruence-satisfaction relationship. The current replication found no support for the moderating effect of others in the environment, satisfaction source, and code type, as reported by the previous meta-analysis. However, previous findings regarding the effect of congruence index as a moderator were confirmed. Moreover, this type of interest questionnaire was also found to be a moderating variable. The examination of the effects of culture yielded differences between studies conducted in the United States and Israel. Some support was also found for age as a moderating variable. Recommendations for future research are suggested.
Einführung in die PLL-Technik (1978)

Die ständig wachsende Zahl der Teilnehmer im internationalen Nachrichtenverkehr macht die Erschließung immer höherfrequenter Nachrichtenkanäle erforderlich. Sowohl im zivilen wie im militärischen Bere
On the Merit of Asymmetric Phased Array Elements (2013)

Phased array antennas with a desired symmetric scan range about broadside usually are designed with array elements that have a corresponding symmetry. However, this appears to be an unnecessary restriction. We 1) show analytically that symmetric scan performance normally is maintained even with asymmetric array elements, and 2) compare conventional symmetric patch elements, which have <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$E$</tex></formula> - and <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$H$</tex></formula> -plane symmetry, with patches which are asymmetric in the <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex Notation="TeX">$E$</tex></formula> -plane, and with fully non-symmetric patches which have neither <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$E$</tex> </formula> - nor <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$H$</tex> </formula> -plane symmetry. The comparison is based on patch designs obtained by numerical optimization, over a 90 degree scan volume and 3:1 bandwidth, using a genetic algorithm. The elements with spoiled symmetry clearly have better scan and/or bandwidth performance. The results support our view that spoiling the symmetry may be a general technique to improve the bandwidth of phased array elements.
Research Progress of Syringa Breeding (2015)

The essay summarizes the research advances and achievements of Syringa at home and abroad were reviewed according to different means of breeding, such as cross, polyploid and mutation. Crossbreeding is still the key method for Syringa breeding and polyploid will be highlighted in the future.
A fast nearest-neighbor search algorithm (1991)

A fast nearest-neighbor search algorithm is developed which incorporates prior information about input vectors. The prior information comes in the form of a vector from the codebook which is known to be near the input vector, though it may not be the nearest codebook vector. A number of applications are described for which such prior information is available. The algorithm has a very simple structure and can be designed to have very low memory requirements. The new algorithm requires much less computation for constructing precomputed tables than previously proposed algorithms with comparable performance. Simulations show dramatic saving over conventional full search methods.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Guy's Neurological Disability Scale (GNDS): a new disability measure for multiple sclerosis (1999)

A postal survey showed that the majority of 49 leading international neurologists involved with multiple sclerosis research felt that currently existing outcome measures for this illness were inadequate, and that there was a need for a new measure which should be patient orientated, multidimensional, and not biased towards any particular disability. The Guy's Neurological Disability Scale (GNDS) was subsequently devised as a simple and user-friendly clinical disability scale capable of embracing the whole range of disabilities which could be encountered in the course of multiple sclerosis. It has 12 separate categories which include cognition, mood, vision, speech, swallowing, upper limb function, lower limb function, bladder function, bowel function, sexual function, fatigue, and 'others'. The GNDS was found to be acceptable to neurologists and patients, reliable, responsive, and valid as a measure of disability. The scale was also found to be valid when applied by non-neurologists, over the phone, or via a postal questionnaire.
Stability of sterile aqueous lidocaine hydrochloride and epinephrine injections submitted by U.S. hospitals (1986)

The stability of lidocaine hydrochloride and epinephrine injections that had been stored in hospital pharmacies across the United States was studied. Through a voluntary drug stability program, the Food and Drug Administration selected 220 samples (representing four manufacturers) from hospital pharmacies representing an adequate cross section of the country. The samples were analyzed for strength, identification, pH, and physical condition. Six samples failed to meet USP requirements for strength of epinephrine, but all six of these samples had passed the expiration dates. Of the 62 samples that were analyzed for the presence of the d-isomer of epinephrine, approximately 95% had less than 5% d-isomer present. Only one sample had greater than 10% d-isomer present, and this sample had a low epinephrine content (26%) and had passed the expiration date. Lidocaine hydrochloride and epinephrine injections appear to be stable after storage under actual marketplace conditions.
Rechnerunterstützung bei der Rohrleitungs‐Konstruktion im 3D‐Raum (1982)

Abstract Computer‐assisted pipe routing in three‐dimensional space . For the past twelve years, the management of materials and the production of isometric drawings have been supported by computer programs. With the aim of expanding computer assistance, a long‐term joint systematic study of design activities during the planning of chemical plant performed by BASF and the engineering design department of the Technical University of Braunschweig has led on to a study of the use of computer graphics.
Risley prism scan-based approach to standoff trace explosive detection (2013)

A number of optical techniques are available to perform active standoff trace explosive detection. Integrating a laser scanner provides the ability to detect explosives over a wide area as well as to assess the full extent of a threat. Risley prism laser-beam steering systems provide a robust alternative to conventional scanner solutions and are ideal for portable and mobile systems due to their compact size, low power, large fieldof-view, and fast scan speed. The design of a long-wave infrared Risley prism-scanned diffuse reflectance spectroscopy system along with data obtained from a prototype system is presented for both simulant and live explosive materials.
A Method for Calculating Exact Geodetic Latitude and Altitude. Revision (1993)

Abstract : This report derives a new and improved technique for computing the geodetic latitude and altitude of an arbitrary point in space assuming the Earth is an ellipsoid of revolution. This method theoretically computes the exact values of the geodetic latitude and altitude. All the programs currently in use utilize approximation techniques for computing the quantities mentioned above. The method is simple and efficient and is strongly recommended for implementation.... Ellipsoid of revolution, Exact geodetic latitude, Exact geodetic altitude, roots of Biquadratic equation
PredictABEL: an R package for the assessment of risk prediction models (2011)

The rapid identification of genetic markers for multifactorial diseases from genome-wide association studies is fuelling interest in investigating the predictive ability and health care utility of genetic risk models. Various measures are available for the assessment of risk prediction models, each addressing a different aspect of performance and utility. We developed PredictABEL, a package in R that covers descriptive tables, measures and figures that are used in the analysis of risk prediction studies such as measures of model fit, predictive ability and clinical utility, and risk distributions, calibration plot and the receiver operating characteristic plot. Tables and figures are saved as separate files in a user-specified format, which include publication-quality EPS and TIFF formats. All figures are available in a ready-made layout, but they can be customized to the preferences of the user. The package has been developed for the analysis of genetic risk prediction studies, but can also be used for studies that only include non-genetic risk factors. PredictABEL is freely available at the websites of GenABEL ( http://www.genabel.org ) and CRAN ( http://cran.r-project.org/).
Paired-Samples Tests of Equivalence (2012)

Equivalence tests are used when the objective is to find that two or more groups are nearly equivalent on some outcome, such that any difference is inconsequential. Equivalence tests are available for several research designs, however, paired-samples equivalence tests that are accessible and relevant to the research performed by psychologists have been understudied. This study evaluated parametric and nonparametric two one-sided paired-samples equivalence tests and a standardized paired-samples equivalence test developed by Wellek (2003 Wellek , S. (2003). Testing Statistical Hypotheses of Equivalence . New York : Chapman & Hall/CRC. [Google Scholar]). The two one-sided procedures had better Type I error control and greater power than Wellek's test, with the nonparametric procedure having increased power with non normal distributions.
Inverse image editing (2013)

We study the problem of inverse image editing , which recovers a semantically-meaningful editing history from a source image and an edited copy. Our approach supports a wide range of commonly-used editing operations such as cropping, object insertion and removal, linear and non-linear color transformations, and spatially-varying adjustment brushes. Given an input image pair, we first apply a dense correspondence method between them to match edited image regions with their sources. For each edited region, we determine geometric and semantic appearance operations that have been applied. Finally, we compute an optimal editing path from the region-level editing operations, based on predefined semantic constraints. The recovered history can be used in various applications such as image re-editing, edit transfer, and image revision control. A user study suggests that the editing histories generated from our system are semantically comparable to the ones generated by artists.
Pupils' Voluntary Reading (1907)

How much 40 pupils in the grammar grades and high school read voluntarily?Is there any relation between the amount and character of voluntary reading done and the character of school work done by the same pupils?Is the coarse in English as presented in the schools vitally related to the pupils' voluntary reading?To what extent is the public library a determining factor in the formation of a good reading habit?These and similar questions form the basis of this study.To secure data, questions were submitted to the pupils in all grades above the fifth in the schools of Iowa City, Cedar Rapids, and Council Bluffs.Answers were received from 915 boys and 1,284 girls.The report may be considered under three heads, viz., (I) as to the quantity of reading done, (2) as to the quality of reading done, and (3) conclusions and suggestions for further studies.
Exploiting Turn-Taking Temporal Evolution for Personality Trait Perception in Dyadic Conversations (2016)

In dyadic conversations, turn-taking is a dynamically evolving behavior strongly linked to paralinguistic communication. Turn-taking temporal evolution in a dyadic conversation is inevitable and can be incorporated into a modeling framework for characterizing and recognizing the personality traits (PTs) of two speakers. This study presents an approach to automatically predicting PTs in a dyadic conversation. First, a recurrent neural network (RNN) was used to model the relationship between Big Five Inventory 10 (BFI-10) items and linguistic features of spoken text in each turn of a speaker (speaker turn) to output a BFI-10 profile. The RNN applies a recurrent property to characterize the short-term temporal evolution of a dialog. Second, the coupled hidden Markov model (C-HMM) was employed to model the long-term turn-taking temporal evolution and cross-speaker contextual information for detecting the PTs of two individuals for the entire dialog represented by the BFI-10 profile sequence. The Mandarin Conversational Dialogue Corpus was used for evaluation. The evaluation result shows that an average perception accuracy of 79.66% for the big five traits was achieved using five-fold cross validation. Compared with conventional HMM and support vector machine-based methods, the proposed approach achieved a more favorable performance according to a statistical significance test. The encouraging results confirm the usability of this system for future applications.
A compact finite field processor over GF(2/sup m/) for elliptic curve cryptography (2003)

This paper proposes a compact finite field processor over GF(2/sup m/) using polynomial basis. The proposed processor uses the extended Euclidean algorithm for field division and the LSB-first procedure for field multiplication. Addition, multiplication, and division are implemented directly sharing a common datapath hardware. The presented processor accepts an external irreducible polynomial and allows several field sizes with small area overhead The proposed processor requires (6m/sup 2/+16m+11m/spl lceil/m/8/spl rceil/-16/spl lceil/m/8/spl rceil/-17) cycles for elliptic curve scalar multiplication over GF(2/sup m/) using double-addition method We were able to implement a finite field processor over GF(2/sup 192/) with 16,847 gate counts.
Mastering Microsoft Office 2003 for Business Professionals (2003)

Introduction.Chapter 1: What?s New in Office 2003.Chapter 2: Digging Out of the E-Mail Avalanche.Chapter 3: Taking Control of Your Time and Tasks.Chapter 4: Unleashing the Power of Outlook Contact Management.Chapter 5: Beyond Text: Making an Impression with Multimedia.Chapter 6: Adding Electronic Punch to Your Presentations.Chapter 7: Pushing PowerPoint to the Limit.Chapter 8: Collaborating on Documents.Chapter 9: Streamlining Mailings and Messaging.Chapter 10: Taming Complex Publications.Chapter 11: Creating and Modifying Documents for the Web.Chapter 12: Securing and Organizing Documents.Chapter 13: Building Robust and Foolproof Workbooks.Chapter 14: Designing and Building Data Sources.Chapter 15: Creating Templates to Handle Your Repetitive Tasks.Chapter 16: Constructing Forms for User Input.Chapter 17: Dissecting, Importing, and Exporting Data.Chapter 18: Tweaking Office to Fit the Way You Work.Chapter 19: Using Macros to Do More with Office.Appendix: Speech and Handwriting Recognition Tools.Index.
Techniques Optimizing the Number of Processors to Schedule Multi-threaded Tasks (2012)

These last years, we have witnessed a dramatic increase in the number of cores available in computational platforms. Concurrently, a new coding paradigm dividing tasks into smaller execution instances called threads, was developed to take advantage of the inherent parallelism of multiprocessor platforms. However, only few methods were proposed to efficiently schedule hard real-time multi-threaded tasks on multiprocessor. In this paper, we propose techniques optimizing the number of processors needed to schedule such sporadic parallel tasks with constrained deadlines. We first define an optimization problem determining, for each thread, an intermediate (artificial) deadline minimizing the number of processors needed to schedule the whole task set. The scheduling algorithm can then schedule threads as if they were independent sequential sporadic tasks. The second contribution is an efficient and nevertheless optimal algorithm that can be executed online to determine the thread's deadlines. Hence, it can be used in dynamic systems were all tasks and their characteristics are not known a priori. We finally prove that our techniques achieve a resource augmentation bound of 2 when the threads are scheduled with algorithms such as U-EDF, PD <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , LLREF, DP-Wrap, etc.
Hearing Aids: II. Implantable Hearing Aids (1996)

Technological advances and functional and cosmetic improvements in conventional hearing aids notwithstanding, there are still individuals for whom alternative amplification schemes are desirable. Patients generally fitted with bone-conduction hearing aids, eg, those with irreparable aural atresia, unremitting otorrhea, earmold allergy, or conductive losses not amenable to surgery, have difficulty with the pressure, poor fidelity, and unattractive appearance of these devices. Patients capable of wearing conventional air-conduction hearing aids contend with sound distortion, feedback, canal occlusion, tight earmolds, and poor cosmetic appearance.<sup>1</sup>A number of implantable hearing devices are in varying stages of development in an effort to overcome some of the limitations associated with conventional hearing aids.
Lightpath routing and capacity assignment for survivable IP-over-WDM networks (2009)

In IP-over-WDM networks the logical topology consists of a set of lightpaths that are routed on top of the physical fiber topology. Hence a single fiber cut can lead to multiple logical link failures. We study the impact of lightpath routing on network survivability and spare capacity requirements. We show that poor routings can lead to significant increase in spare capacity requirements and develop new metrics for assessing the survivability of different lightpath routings. Finally, we use these metrics to develop joint lightpath routing and capacity assignment algorithms that significantly reduce the spare capacity requirements of IP-over-WDM networks.
Search-based duplicate defect detection: An industrial experience (2013)

Duplicate defects put extra overheads on software organizations, as the cost and effort of managing duplicate defects are mainly redundant. Due to the use of natural language and various ways to describe a defect, it is usually hard to investigate duplicate defects automatically. This problem is more severe in large software organizations with huge defect repositories and massive number of defect reporters. Ideally, an efficient tool should prevent duplicate reports from reaching developers by automatically detecting and/or filtering duplicates. It also should be able to offer defect triagers a list of top-N similar bug reports and allow them to compare the similarity of incoming bug reports with the suggested duplicates. This demand has motivated us to design and develop a search-based duplicate bug detection framework at BlackBerry. The approach follows a generalized process model to evaluate and tune the performance of the system in a systematic way. We have applied the framework on software projects at BlackBerry, in addition to the Mozilla defect repository. The experimental results exhibit the performance of the developed framework and highlight the high impact of parameter tuning on its performance.
The synthesis and characterization of solvatochromic maleimide‐fused <i>N</i>‐allyl‐ and <i>N</i>‐alkyl‐substituted 1,4‐dithiines and Diels–Alder reactions with anthracene (2010)

Abstract magnified image A simple and facile access to new solvatochromic maleimide‐fused N ‐allyl‐ and N ‐alkyl‐substituted 1,4‐dithiines from the corresponding N ‐substituted succinamic acid derivatives in one‐pot with oxidation by thionyl chloride is described. The Diels–Alder reaction of these 1,4‐dithiines with anthracene has been investigated. The 1,4‐dithiine derivatives react smoothly with anthracene via charge‐transfer complexes to form the Diels–Alder adducts in excellent yields. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2010).