gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Advanced CO2 Separation Technologies: Coal Gasification, Warm-gas Cleanup, and Hydrogen Separation Membranes (2013)

To facilitate the use of hydrogen in integrated gasification combined-cycle applications, hydrogen-from-coal technologies capable of managing carbon will be needed. Many technologies are under development for the separation of hydrogen from coal-derived syngas. Among the most promising are hydrogen separation membranes. The Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC), together with the U.S. Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory and the state of Wyoming, completed a project evaluating the performance of hydrogen separation membranes on coal-derived syngas. EERC small pilot-scale gasifiers were used to produce the syngas, and solid sorbents were used for warm-gas cleanup and water–gas shift.
MicroRolls (2009)

The input vocabulary for touch-screen interaction on handhelds is dramatically limited, especially when the thumb must be used. To enrich that vocabulary we propose to discriminate, among thumb gestures, those we call MicroRolls, characterized by zero tangential velocity of the skin relative to the screen surface. Combining four categories of thumb gestures, Drags, Swipes, Rubbings and MicroRolls, with other classification dimensions, we show that at least 16 elemental gestures can be automatically recognized. We also report the results of two experiments showing that the roll vs. slide distinction facilitates thumb input in a realistic copy and paste task, relative to existing interaction techniques.
LLC-PK1 cell growth is repressed by WT1 inhibition of G-protein αi-2 protooncogene transcription. (1996)

Vol. 270, p. 30760 Page 30762, Fig. 1C: This part of the figure did not reproduce adequately. An improved version is shown below.
Utilization Of Oral Glutathione (1993)

The intestine is exposed continually to dietary toxicants, and it utilizes GSH and GSH-dependent enzyme systems in detoxication of these agents. Recent studies show that enterocytes take up GSH intact and use it to increase degradation of dietary lipid hydroperoxides, enhance GSH S-conjugation of electrophiles, and prevent oxidative injury. The intestine also has a mechanism (i.e., mucosal cysteine secretion) to reduce luminal GSSG to GSH, thereby making more GSH available to enterocytes. Additionally, GSH is transported from lumen to blood to increase plasma GSH concentration. Given the ability of various organ systems to use extracellular (i.e., plasma) GSH for chemical detoxication, increased daily intake of GSH in the diet or from oral therapy may be useful in disease prevention.
Plasticity of the Hepatitis C Virus Genome (2014)

With approximately 3% of the world's population (~130 million people) infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV), the World Health Organization has declared HCV a global health problem. The genotypes are divided into multiple epidemiologically distinct subtypes differing by 20 to 25% from one another. In public databases, the consensus sequence of the quasispecies is normally presented as the most predominant residue at any given position. Virtually all patients undergo reinfection of the donor organ. This reinfection is associated with a dramatic shift in the complexity of the quasispecies population, suggesting that only a limited number of viral variants establish reinfection. Importantly, the sequences from the infection source are located close to the center of the phylogenetic tree whereas the viruses from different patients continuously evolve away from the center. It is noteworthy that samples for the subsequent infection of the next animal were taken during the acute phase before antibodies became detectable. In a study it was found that a virus harboring an escape mutation in an HLA-B8 restricted epitope in NS3 was transmitted to a host who was HLA-B8 negative and therefore was not able to mount the same T-cell response.
Lysyl Oxidase-like 1 Gene Polymorphisms in German Patients With Normal Tension Glaucoma, Pigmentary Glaucoma and Exfoliation Glaucoma (2010)

Our study reveals that in the German population the LOXL1 genetic predisposition is limited to exfoliation glaucoma and does not include normal tension glaucoma. In addition, our study implicates that LOXL1 polymorphisms are not likely to have a major influence on the pathophysiology of pigmentary glaucoma. However, 1 nonsynonymous polymorphism may serve as a predictor of age at disease onset in pigmentary glaucoma.
Fast temporal interactions in human auditory cortex (2000)

The temporal resolution of the human primary auditory cortex (AC) was studied using middle-latency evoked fields. Paired sounds with either the same or different spectral characteristics were presented with gaps between the sounds of 1, 4, 8 and 14 ms. Spatio-temporal modelling showed (1) that the response to the second sound was recognizable with gaps of 1 ms and rapidly increased in amplitude with increasing gap durations, (2) an enhanced N40m amplitude at gaps > 4 ms, (3) delayed N19m-P30m latencies when the stimuli were different. The median psychoacoustical thresholds were 1.6 ms for the same stimuli and 2.5 ms for different stimuli, confirming the electrophysiological evidence for rapid pattern-specific temporal processing in human primary auditory cortex.
Promoter mutations that allow nifA-independent expression of the nitrogen fixation nifHDKY operon. (1983)

The nifHDKY operon of Klebsiella pneumoniae encodes for structural polypeptides of nitrogenase and requires the nifA gene product for transcription. Mutations that allow transcription of the nifHDKY operon in absence of the nifA gene product were characterized in plasmids containing the regulatory region of nifHDKY and nifH fused in phase to lacZ. beta-Galactosidase activity served as a measure for nifH expression. Most mutations were located in the nif regulatory region and included insertion sequence 2 (IS2) insertions, a sequence duplication, and a base substitution. In Escherichia coli, beta-galactosidase activity expressed from the mutant plasmids in the absence of nifA was 6-30% of the nifA-activated, parental level. Expression from most mutant plasmids was further increased by nifA. In K. pneumoniae, IS2-containing plasmids expressed low levels of beta-galactosidase and responded poorly, if at all, to activation by nifA, whereas expression from other mutant types was similar to that observed in E. coli. Nucleotide sequence analysis of two mutants indicated that sequences within 41 base pairs upstream to the nifH coding sequence were involved in nif-specific regulation. The results suggest that an inverted repeat element in this region, which could theoretically form a cruciform structure in the DNA, is involved in the transcriptional control of the nifHDKY operon.
Transport through double-gated graphene-based devices (2009)

We discuss transport through double gated single and few layer graphene devices. This kind of device configuration has been used to investigate the modulation of the energy band structure through the application of an external perpendicular electric field, a unique property of few layer graphene systems. Here we discuss technological details that are important for the fabrication of top gated structures, based on electron-gun evaporation of SiO$_2$. We perform a statistical study that demonstrates how --contrary to expectations-- the breakdown field of electron-gun evaporated thin SiO$_2$ films is comparable to that of thermally grown oxide layers. We find that a high breakdown field can be achieved in evaporated SiO$_2$ only if the oxide deposition is directly followed by the metallization of the top electrodes, without exposure to air of the SiO$_2$ layer.
Effect of Bovine Manure on<i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i>Oocyst Attachment to Soil (2005)

The objective of this work was to assess the effect of dilute bovine manure (1.0% and 0.1%) versus that of no manure on attachment and subsequent detachment of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts to soil. Manure enhanced the attachment of oocysts to soil particles; the maximum attachment was observed with 0.1% manure. Oocyst attachment was partially reversible; maximum detachment was observed with dilute manure. These results indicate that oocyst attachment to soil is substantially affected by bovine manure in a complex manner and should have implications for how oocysts may be transported through or over soils.
Patiëntenparticipatie in Richtlijnontwikkeling (2004)

Bij richtlijnontwikkeling betekent patiëntenparticipatie het benutten van de ervaringsdeskundigheid van patiënten met als doel de kwaliteit en de implementatie van richtlijnen te verbeteren. Het gaat hierbij om de toegevoegde waarde van het patiëntenperspectief op de weging van wetenschappelijke literatuur en de formulering van de aanbevelingen. Het is belangrijk om, alvorens tot patiëntenparticipatie over te gaan, te bepalen waarom het patiëntenperspectief bij het proces wordt betrokken. Er zijn veel verschillende methoden van patiëntenparticipatie; de keuze hangt af van de doelstelling en het gewenste niveau van participatie, en van de mate waarin belangrijke voorwaarden ervoor gerealiseerd zijn. Patiëntenparticipatie kan een rol spelen in vrijwel alle fasen van een richtlijn: voorbereiding, uitvoering, afronding, publicatie en implementatie.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetic Foot Infections (2005)

Benjamin A. Lipsky, Anthony R. Berendt, H. Gunner Deery, John M. Embil, Warren S. Joseph, Adolf W. Karchmer, Jack L. LeFrock, Daniel P. Lew, Jon T. Mader, Carl Norden, and James S. Tan Medical Service, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, and Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington; Bone Infection Unit, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom; Northern Michigan Infectious Diseases, Petoskey, Michigan; Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba; Section of Podiatry, Department of Primary Care, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Coatesville, Pennsylvania; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts; Dimensional Dosing Systems, Sarasota, Florida; Department of Medicine, Service of Infectious Diseases, University of Geneva Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine, The Marine Biomedical Institute, and Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Department of Medicine, New Jersey School of Medicine and Dentistry, and Cooper Hospital, Camden, New Jersey; and Department of Internal Medicine, Summa Health System, and Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine, Akron, Ohio
Tolerance Induced by the Lipopeptide Pam3Cys Is Due to Ablation of IL-1R-Associated Kinase-1 (2004)

Stimulation of the human monocytic cell line Mono Mac 6 with the synthetic lipopeptide (S)-(2,3-bis(palmitoyloxy)-(2RS)-propyl)-N-palmitoyl-(R)-Cys-(S)-Ser(S)-Lys(4)-OH, trihydrochloride (Pam(3)Cys) at 10 microg/ml induces a rapid expression of the TNF gene in a TLR2-dependent fashion. Preculture of the cells with Pam(3)Cys at 1 microg/ml leads to a reduced response after subsequent stimulation with Pam(3)Cys at 10 microg/ml, indicating that the cells have become tolerant to Pam(3)Cys. The CD14 and TLR2 expression is not decreased on the surface of the tolerant cells, but rather up-regulated. Analysis of the NF-kappaB binding in Pam(3)Cys-tolerant cells shows a failure to mobilize NF-kappaB-p50p65 heterodimers, while NF-kappaB-p50p50 homodimers remain unchanged. Pam(3)Cys-tolerant cells showed neither IkappaBalpha-Ser(32) phosphorylation nor IkappaBalpha degradation but MyD88 protein was unaltered. However, IRAK-1 protein was absent in Pam(3)Cys-induced tolerance, while IRAK-1 mRNA was still detectable at 30% compared with untreated cells. In contrast, in LPS-tolerized cells, p50p50 homodimers were induced, IRAK-1 protein level was only partially decreased, and p50p65 mobilization remained intact. It is concluded that in Mono Mac 6 monocytic cells, inhibition of IRAK-1 expression at the mRNA and protein levels is the main TLR-2-dependent mechanism responsible for Pam(3)Cys-induced tolerance, but not for TLR-4-dependent LPS-induced tolerance.
Determining the Hansen Solubility Parameter of Three Corrosion Inhibitors and the Correlation with Mineral Oil (2012)

The Hansen solubility parameters were determined for three commercial organic corrosion inhibitors of surface adsorption type, i.e., benzotriazole, tolyltriazole, and Irgamet 39 (a N-methylamino-substituted triazole). The determination was performed using an indirect method using the solubility of the inhibitors in various solvents. The calculated Hansen solubility parameters of the inhibitors were compared to the Hansen solubility parameters and solubility sphere of refined naphthenic mineral oil. The obtained Hansen solubility parameters of benzotriazole indicate very low solubility in mineral oils, while the solubility of tolyltriazole was slightly higher because of the methyl substitution. For Irgamet 39, full miscibility with refined mineral oil was indicated. The adsorption kinetics of the inhibitors in naphthenic oil were considered and related to the Hansen solubility parameters.
Prioritization of Mobile IoT Data Transmission Based on Data Importance Extracted From Machine Learning Model (2019)

Predicting real-time spatial information from data collected by the mobile Internet of Things (IoT) devices is one solution to the social problems related to road traffic. The mobile IoT devices for real-time spatial information prediction generate an extremely high volume of data, making it impossible to collect all of it through mobile networks. Although some previous works have reduced the volume of transmitted data, the prediction accuracy of real-time spatial information is still not ensured. Therefore, this paper proposes an IoT device control system that reduces the amount of transmitted data used as input for real-time prediction while maintaining the prediction accuracy. The main contribution of this paper is that the proposed system controls data transmission from the mobile IoT devices based on the importance of data extracted from the machine learning model used for the prediction. Feature selection has been widely used for extracting the importance of data from the machine learning model. Feature selection methods were also used to reduce communication overhead in distributed learning. Unlike the conventional usage of feature selection methods, the proposed system uses them to control the data transmission of the mobile IoT devices with priority. In this paper, the proposed system is evaluated with a real-world vehicle mobility dataset in two practical scenarios using the random forest model, which is an extensively used machine learning model. The evaluation results show that the proposed system reduces the amount of transmitted input data for real-time prediction while achieving the same level of prediction accuracy as benchmark methods.
Reactions of Alkynyldihaloboranes with 1,3-Dienes. 1,4-Alkynylborations and Stepwise Diels−Alder Reactions (1997)

Alkynyldihaloboranes 1-6 are readily generated in situ from the boron-tin exchange reaction of BCl(3) or BBr(3) with the corresponding alkynylstannanes. The Diels-Alder reactions of 1-4 with isoprene in hexanes proceed rapidly at 25 degrees C, affording 1,4-cyclohexadiene products in high yield with high regioselectivity. Reactions carried out in CH(2)Cl(2) exhibited an alternative product that results from the formal 1,4-alkynylboration of the diene. The alkynylboration intermediates can undergo further conversion to the Diels-Alder adducts under the reaction conditions. The mechanism of these reactions is discussed.
Performance of strong interference cancellation in flexible UL/DL TDD systems using coordinated muting, scheduling and rate allocation (2016)

Flexible UL/DL TDD can be used for efficient spectrum utilisation in 5G small cells. In this paper, we consider fully coordinated (centralized) scheduling which exploits interference cancellation in a cluster of small cells using flexible TDD. We study joint uplink-downlink scheduling, with coordinated link adaptation and/or muting in the flexible TDD system with successive interference cancellation receiver. This coordinated link adaptation is called rate allocation. The novelty is that a scheduler may purposely schedule strong interference situations, with muting and rate allocation decisions in the small cell cluster to facilitate effective interference cancellation. Simulation based packet delay performance is shown in an indoor small cell scenario, where high base station-to-base station interference impacts the uplink. Ideal and non-ideal channel estimation cases are considered. Comparison is made to the baseline centralized scheduling where muting is used for interference mitigation without interference cancellation. Results show that with ideal channel estimation, at a system load of 55% interference cancellation aware scheduling, muting with rate allocation outperforms other schemes. It achieves high gain of 67% in terms of packet delay reduction as compared to the baseline. Interference cancellation aware scheduling and muting with uncoordinated rate adaptation also achieves high gain around 62% at the same load using realistic channel estimation.
Return to Play and Patient Satisfaction After ACL Reconstruction (2017)

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Evidence for <i>Cis</i> Interaction and Cooperative Signalling by the Heat‐stable Antigen Nectadrin (murine CD24) and the Cell Adhesion Molecule L1 in Neurons (1995)

L1 is a transmembranal homophilic cell adhesion molecule of the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed by neural and lymphoid cells. The heat-stable antigen (HSA, murine CD24) nectadrin is a highly and heterogeneously glycosylated glycophosphatidylinositol-linked differentiation antigen of haematopoietic and neural cells. L1 and nectadrin have been shown to mediate cell adhesion and intracellular Ca2+ signals in neurons and B lymphoblasts, respectively. Here we show that nectadrin is co-expressed with L1 in murine cerebellar granule cell neurons and neuroblastoma N2A cells. Purified nectadrin bound to L1 with an apparent binding ratio of five nectadrin molecules to one L1 molecule at saturation. Binding between nectadrin and purified N-CAM was not observed. In co-capping experiments nectadrin co-redistributed with L1 and N-CAM. Since in these cells N-CAM and L1 cohere by cis-binding nectadrin appears to join the L1-N-CAM complex through binding to L1. Antibodies to each L1 and nectadrin evoked small increases in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration. However, when both antibodies were added together or in tandem to the cells, a strong intracellular Ca2+ signal was measured that was at least 6- and 10-fold stronger than the signal separately induced by L1 and nectadrin antibodies respectively. Such a cooperative effect was not observed in B lymphoblasts, using the same antibodies, or in neurons, using a combination of L1 and Thy-1 antibodies. Both the weak Ca2+ signal mediated by L1 alone and the enhanced signal jointly triggered by antibodies to L1 and nectadrin were inhibited by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and were not significantly affected by Ni2+ and Cd2+ cations, suggesting that they are related to one another and involve recruitment of intracellular Ca2+. Nectadrin therefore appears to join a functional complex of neuronal adhesion molecules and to potentiate the signal transduction pathway of L1, possibly in response to neuron-neuron contact formation.
All-optical logic gates and wavelength conversion via the injection locking of a Fabry-Perot semiconductor laser (2013)

This work investigates the implementation of all-optical logic gates based on optical injection locking (OIL). All-optical inverting, NOR, and NAND gates are experimentally demonstrated using two distributed feedback (DFB) lasers, a multi-mode Fabry–Perot laser diode, and an optical band-pass filter. The DFB lasers are externally modulated to represent logic inputs into the cavity of the multi-mode Fabry–Perot slave laser. The input DFB (master) lasers’ wavelengths are aligned with the longitudinal modes of the Fabry–Perot slave laser and their optical power is used to modulate the injection conditions in the Fabry–Perot slave laser. The optical band-pass filter is used to select a Fabry– Perot mode that is either suppressed or transmitted given the logic state of the injecting master laser signals. When the input signal(s) is (are) in the on state, injection locking, and thus the suppression of the non-injected Fabry–Perot modes, is induced, yielding a dynamic system that can be used to implement photonic logic functions. Additionally, all-optical photonic processing is achieved using the cavity-mode shift produced in the injected slave laser under external optical injection. The inverting logic case can also be used as a wavelength converter — a key component in advanced wavelength-division multiplexing networks. As a result of this experimental investigation, a more comprehensive understanding of the locking parameters involved in injecting multiple lasers into a multi-mode cavity and the logic transition time is achieved. The performance of optical logic computations and wavelength conversion has the potential for ultrafast operation, limited primarily by the photon decay rate in the slave laser.
Hypertensive Patients With Reduced Blood Pressure Still Have Hypertension: The Role of the Hypertension Specialist (2007)

“ There is no good theory of disease which does not at once suggest a cure.” —Ralph Waldo Emerson
MANAGEMENT OF A POSITIVE SURGICAL MARGIN AFTER RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY: DECISION ANALYSIS (2000)

The results of our decision analysis imply that immediate radiation may be appropriate for patients with a positive surgical margin(s) and a high likelihood of recurrent local rather than distant disease. This model may be useful to physicians and patients who use individual probability estimates and utility values to determine the preferred course of management after surgery.
2P1-A03 Development and Evaluation of a Muscle Suit to Assist Manual Labor : Assessment of Local Muscle Fatigue by NIRS(Wearable Robotics) (2012)

In order to assist human motion, we have been developing a compact and lightweight "Muscle Suit" which uses reliable McKibben type artificial muscles. The Muscle Suit physically supports the physical load of the wearer, and has high versatility and conveyance. The evaluation of effectiveness will become a key point on the development of the Muscle Suit. In this study, we used EMG that is used widely, in addition, used near-infrared spectroscopy (MRS) to indirectly measure the serum oxygenated hemoglobin and deoxygenated hemoglobin concentration of wearer's regional muscle, and attempted to evaluate the degree of fatigue.