gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Health effects of acute exposure to air pollution. Part II: Healthy subjects exposed to concentrated ambient particles. (2003)

The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of short-term exposure to concentrated ambient particles (CAPs*) on lung function and on inflammatory parameters in blood and airways of healthy human subjects. Particles were concentrated from the ambient air in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, using a Harvard/EPA (US Environmental Protection Agency) ambient fine particle concentrator (HAPC). Each of 38 subjects was exposed either to filtered air (n = 8) or to CAPs (n = 30) for two hours, during which all subjects intermittently exercised. Blood was obtained immediately before and 18 hours after exposure. Also at 18 hours after exposure, viable bronchial biopsy tissues and lavage samples were obtained from 10 CAPs-exposed and 7 control subjects by fiberoptic bronchoscopy. To balance these two groups, additional biopsy tissues were obtained from 4 control subjects participating in an identical protocol for another study. For the CAPs-exposed group, the concentration of particulate matter measuring 2.5 microm or less in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) in the exposure aerosols varied from 23.1 to 311.1 microg/m3; for the filtered air group, mean particle concentration was 2.9 microg/m3. For comparative analyses, the CAPs-exposed subjects were separated into three tertiles on the basis of the final concentration of particles to which they were exposed. Lung function, assessed by spirometry and plethysmography before and immediately after exposure, was unaffected by CAPs. Of the inflammatory parameters studied in blood, subjects exposed to CAPs showed mean increases in fibrinogen of 40 to 48 mg/dL with no obvious differentiation by dose, whereas subjects exposed to filtered air showed no change; red and white blood cell counts were unaffected by CAPs exposure. In bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from CAPs-exposed subjects, neutrophils showed a dose-dependent increase both when analyzed as an absolute cell count and as a percentage of total lavaged cells. Bronchial biopsy tissues from 10 CAPs-exposed subjects and 11 control subjects did not show any consistent effect of CAPs exposure on cell counts or adhesion molecule expression. We conclude that CAPs induced a modest degree of airway inflammation as judged by lavage, but this effect was not reflected in biopsy tissues from proximal airways. This discrepant finding may mean that the inflammatory effect of CAPs occurs in more distal airways or that the health effects of PM are driven by processes other than those investigated in this study.
Evaluation of Renal Function Before and After Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair (2015)

http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifiers: NCT00209274, NCT01931956, NCT01940120.
Characterization of germ-line genes of the VGAM3.8 VH gene family from BALB/c mice (1992)

Five germ-line genes of the VGAM3.8 VH family in BALB/c mice have been isolated from genomic libraries and sequenced. The genes are functional and three are expressed in antibodies of different specificities. Overall nucleotide sequence homologies within the family are greater than 90%, whereas homologies with other VH families are less than 70%. Southern blot hybridization and sequencing indicate a minimum family size of six genes. Differences in the coding regions are mostly confined to CDR, where there is a high replacement/silent substitution ratio, indicative of positive selection for diversification associated with Ag binding. VHVGAM3.8 sequences are highly conserved, and polymorphism in the coding regions appears to be very limited. Evidence is presented that the family has evolved, and been homogenized, by recombinatorial events.
Transfer of apatite coating from porogens to scaffolds: Uniform apatite coating within porous poly(<scp>DL</scp>‐lactic‐<i>co</i>‐glycolic acid) scaffold <i>in vitro</i> (2006)

Strategies to bone tissue engineering have focused on the use of synthetic or natural degradable materials as scaffolds for cell transplantation to guide bone regeneration. Biocompatibility, biodegradability, biomechanical integrity, and osteoconductivity are important requirements for the scaffold materials. This study explored a new approach of apatite coating to enhance the osteoconductivity of a synthetic degradable poly(DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold. The new approach was developed to ensure a relatively uniform apatite coating on the interior pore surfaces deep inside a scaffold, even for a relatively thick scaffold with small pores. Apatite was first coated on the surface of paraffin spheres of the desirable sizes. The paraffin spheres were then molded to form a foam. PLGA/pyridine solution was cast into the interspaces among the paraffin spheres. After the paraffin spheres were dissolved and removed by cyclohexane, PLGA scaffold with controlled pore size, good interconnectivity and high porosity was obtained with apatite left on the pore surface uniformly throughout the whole scaffold. The scaffold and apatite coating were characterized using thermogravimetry analysis, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffractometry.
Role of Flexible Endoscopy in The Evaluation of Possible Esophageal Trauma After Penetrating Injuries (2000)

Emergent flexible endoscopic examination of the esophagus is a safe and useful diagnostic tool in the early evaluation of penetrating injuries. Flexible endoscopy resulted in four negative surgical explorations, which was deemed acceptable by the Trauma Service, as the consequences of a missed esophageal injury is likely to be devastating.
Modeling of ion-implanted GaAs MESFET's by the finite-element method (1986)

We discuss the results of a new two-dimensional (2-D) finite-element model for GaAs MESFET's made by ion implantation. Several different devices are characterized by varying gate recess and doping profile. The simulation, in qualitative agreement with experimental findings, shows that a FET with a shallow gate recess exhibits a similar behavior to a FET with a deep implantation, i.e., an improvement in linearity, a higher pinch-off voltage, and a decrease in transconductance.
Correlation of Risser Sign, Radiographs of Hand and Wrist With the Histological Grade of Iliac Crest Apophysis in Girls With Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (2009)

Radiologic skeletal age of the wrist and digits can provide important information for maturity assessment in girls with AIS. It can also enhance the sensitivity of clinical parameters in determining the remaining growth potential.
New Standards for Ultraviolet Radiation (1971)

Guidelines covering safe levels for exposure to ultraviolet radiation in an occupational environment are reported. The guidelines clarify the spectral radiant exposure doses and relative spectral effectiveness of ultraviolet radiation required to elicit adverse biologic effects.
Androgen and taxol cause cell type-specific alterations of centrosome and DNA organization in androgen-responsive LNCaP and androgen-independent DU145 prostate cancer cells (2000)

We investigated the effects of androgen and taxol on the androgen-responsive LNCaP and androgen-independent DU145 prostate cancer cell lines. Cells were treated for 48 and 72 h with 0.05-1 nM of the synthetic androgen R1881 and with 100 nM taxol. Treatment of LNCaP cells with 0.05 nM R1881 led to increased cell proliferation, whereas treatment with 1 nM R1881 resulted in inhibited cell division, DNA cycle arrest, and altered centrosome organization. After treatment with 1 nM R1881, chromatin became clustered, nuclear envelopes convoluted, and mitochondria accumulated around the nucleus. Immunofluorescence microscopy with antibodies to centrosomes showed altered centrosome structure. Although centrosomes were closely associated with the nucleus in untreated cells, they dispersed into the cytoplasm after treatment with 1 nM R1881. Microtubules were only faintly detected in 1 nM R1881-treated LNCaP cells. The effects of taxol included microtubule bundling and altered mitochondria morphology, but not DNA organization. As expected, the androgen-independent prostate cancer cell line DU145 was not affected by R1881. Treatment with taxol resulted in bundling of microtubules in both cell lines. Additional taxol effects were seen in DU145 cells with micronucleation of DNA, an indication of apoptosis. Simultaneous treatment with R1881 and taxol had no additional effects on LNCaP or DU145 cells. These results suggest that LNCaP and DU145 prostate cancer cells show differences not only in androgen responsiveness but in sensitivity to taxol as well.
Comparative Grazing of Corn and Soybean Residue (1997)

Cattle gain faster on cornstalks than on a combination of soybean stubble and cornstalks.
Size Preference and Sex Ratio forPteromalus cerealellae(Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) ParasitizingSitotroga cerealella(Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in Stored Corn (1995)

Hosts nmging from small larvae to pupae of the Angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier), were exposed to females of the pteromalid parasitoid, Pteromalus cerealellae (Ashmead), to determine the effects of host size on preference, parasitism success, adult size, and progeny sex ratio of the parasitoid. The parasitoid successfully parasitized larvae (>0.43 mm in maximum body width), prepupae (1.55 ± 0.05 mm [mean ± SEM] mm maximum average body width), and a single pupa (1.20 mm maximum body width). All female parasitoid progeny emerged from hosts that had a maximum body width >0.85 mm. Sixtyfour percent of male parasitoid progeny emerged from hosts that had a maximum body width between 0.43 and 0.85 mm. Size of P. cerealellae adults was correlated width host size (larger parasitoids developed on larger hosts). The optimal host sizes for producing female parasitoid progeny were larvae with a maximum body width between 1.69 and 2.05 mm and prepupae. The optimal host sizes for producing male parasitoid progeny were larvae with a maximum body width between 0.57 and 0.70 mm. These results are discussed in terms of maximum potential biological control of the Angoumois grain moth by this parasitoid.
Delayed recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation: Detection of origin by chromosomal analysis (2000)

We report on a 41-year-old man undergoing liver transplantation for chronic hepatitis C who presented 26 months later with hepatocellular carcinoma. No evidence of hepatocellular carcinoma could be found in the native liver, although features of small cell dysplasia were prominent. Although he had recurrent hepatitis C, the transplanted liver was not cirrhotic. Chromosomal analysis was used to resolve whether this was a de novo tumor or a recurrence of an unsuspected tumor present at the time of transplantation. This male patient had received a liver from a female donor, and in situ hybridization for the Y chromosome showed reactivity in the tumor but not in surrounding nontumorous liver. Thus, this is an example of the use of chromosomal analysis to resolve the origin of a tumor occurring in the transplant setting.
On a theory of network equivalence (2009)

We describe an equivalence result for network capacity. Roughly, our main result is as follows. Given a network of noisy, independent, memoryless links, a collection of demands can be met on the given network if and only if it can be met on another network where each noisy link is replaced by a noiseless bit pipe with throughput equal to the noisy link capacity. This result was previously known only for multicast connections.
Detection of cadherin-6 mRNA by nested RT-PCR as a potential marker for circulating cancer cells in renal cell carcinoma (2003)

To detect circulating RCC cells, we established a nested RT-PCR system for cadherin-6 mRNA, which is specifically expressed in RCC. A total of 121 samples of peripheral blood (34 healthy volunteers and 87 patients with RCC) were analyzed in this study. Total RNA of the monocyte fraction of the blood was extracted, then nested RT-PCR using specific primers was performed to detect mRNA of N-cadherin or cadherin-6. Nested RT-PCR revealed that expression of cadherin-6 mRNA was not present in the blood of most healthy volunteers (absent in 32/34), but positive expression was observed in the blood at concentrations of 10 cells/ml or greater of the SKRC-33 RCC cell line, which is a strong expresser of cadherin-6. In peripheral blood from patients with metastatic disease, cadherin-6 mRNA was detected in 70.4% (19/27). Messenger RNA of cadherin-6 was detectable in 45.0% (27/60) of patients with localized tumors. The PCR-based detection system for peripheral blood samples from patients with metastatic disease could reveal the presence of circulating RCC cells in the blood. Detection of cadherin-6 mRNA in non-metastatic presurgical RCC patients suggests that careful follow-up study is necessary in these patients.
Effect of a Magnetic Field in Simulating the Very Near-Field Plume of an Anode Layer Hall Thruster (2007)

Peer Reviewed
Connected operators based on reconstruction process for size and motion simplification (2002)

This paper deals with connected operators based on reconstruction process. Connected operators are filtering tools that act on the connected components of the space where the image is constant, the so-called “flat zones”. Intuitively, connected operators can remove boundaries between flat zones but cannot add new boundaries nor shift existing contours. After reviewing the filtering strategy, new operators are proposed to perform size and motion simplification. In the case of size simplification, the proposed approach allows a better preservation the contrast of maxima or minima that have not been totally simplified by the filtering process. In the case of motion simplification, two applications are presented: motion detection for maxima/minima and sequence simplification to improve the coding efficiency of standard encoders.
Cardenolides from the Methanolic Extract of <i>Nerium </i><i>oleander</i> Leaves Possessing Central Nervous System Depressant Activity in Mice (1997)

Two new cardenolides, 3 beta-O-(D-2-O-methyldigitalosyl)-14 beta-hydroxy-5 beta-carda-16,20(22)-dienolide (1) and 3 beta-hydroxy-8,14-epoxy-5 beta-carda-16,20(22)-dienolide (2), and two known cardenolides, 3 beta-O-(D-digitalosyl)-14 beta-hydroxy-16 beta-acetoxy-5 beta-card-20(22)-enolide (3) and 3 beta-O-(D-digitalosyl)-14 beta-hydroxy-5 beta-card-20(22)-enolide (4), have been isolated from the leaves of Nerium oleander following a bioactivity-directed isolation of the MeOH extract, which showed central nervous system (CNS) depressant activity in mice at a dosage of 50 mg/kg i.p. Their structures were established on the basis of chemical and spectral data. Compounds 1, 3, and 4 were found to exhibit sedation in mice at a dosage of 25 mg/kg, although 2 had no effect on the CNS of mice at a dosage of up to 50 mg/kg.
Phase Controlled EMAT Antenna for the Inspection of Coated Pipes (2002)

Pipe inspection in the production and inspection of pipeline systems during maintenance are tasks, which require improvement of NDE-techniques. The reasons are the unification of norms according to technical progress and increased understanding of quantitative contribution of NDE to the reliability and safety of industrial objects. The modern trends in NDE are in the automation of the inspection
Routing and caching on DHTS (2010)

The phenomenon of some patients with schizophrenia withdrawing and becoming hikikomori needs to be resolved. In some countries, outreach methods are being employed. In Japan, psychiatric home-visit nursing for patients with schizophrenia and hikikomori is being implemented. However, it is not based on sufficient evidence and relies on the experience and intuition of individual nurses. This study explored the underlying themes in the nursing practices of psychiatric home-visit nurses via semi-structured interviews with 10 nurses and a thematic analysis. Nine key themes emerged. Four themes-(i) understanding the patient's world, (ii) supporting the patients as they are, (iii) providing a sense of relief, and (iv) having equal relationships-highlighted the nurses' commitment to respecting patients' individuality while building and sustaining relationships. Two themes-(v) exploring the right timing and (vi) waiting for the appropriate timing-illustrated the nurses' anticipation of proactive patient engagement. Finally, three themes-(vii) working together on things, (viii) continuing care for expanding the patient's world, and (ix) nursing care for the patient's future-underscored the nurses' gradual and methodical approach to working alongside patients. Nursing practices based on these nine themes cultivated meaningful relationships and secured a sense of relief for the patients. Additionally, they awaited patients' proactive engagement and delivered timely support to facilitate positive daily life changes. These findings contribute to the establishment of evidence-based nursing practices for patients with schizophrenia and hikikomori.
Incidence and Severity of Head Impact during Freestyle Aerial Ski Jumping (1999)

A field study was performed using freestyle aerial ski jumpers to determine the incidence of head impact (slapback) and to record head acceleration data during slapback episodes for the 1994–1995 and 1995–1996 winter seasons. A total of 382 slapbacks were recorded from 2,352 jumps for an observed slapback incidence of 16.2%. Head acceleration data were recorded for 5 slapback events. Maximum head acceleration magnitudes for the 5 impacts ranged from 27 to 92 gs and impact durations ranged from 12 to 96 μsec. Standard severity indices including the Gadd Severity Index and Head Injury Criteria were calculated from the resultant acceleration signal and ranged from 57 to 223, and 21 to 159, respectively, which are considered low in terms of life threatening injury levels.
Improved Signature Schemes for Secure Multi-Party Computation with Certified Inputs. (2018)

The motivation for this work comes from the need to strengthen security of secure multi-party protocols with the ability to guarantee that the participants provide their truthful inputs in the computation. This is outside the traditional security models even in the presence of malicious participants, but input manipulation can often lead to privacy and result correctness violations. Thus, in this work we treat the problem of combining secure multi-party computation (SMC) techniques based on secret sharing with signatures to enforce input correctness in the form of certification. We modify two currently available signature schemes to achieve private verification and efficiency of batch verification and show how to integrate them with two prominent SMC protocols.
Inclusion Body Rhinitis (1962)

Recognition of a new disease in swine may occur because of one of two reasons. The first is occasioned by the recognition of an existing but previously overlooked specific disease agent and its attendant clinical syndrome while the second is due to the introduction of a hitherto absent pathogen into an area, region, or country. In general, it requires some interval of time to be reasonably certain which of these two situations is applicable to a newly recognized clinical problem.
Progesterone Antagonists Increase Androgen Receptor Expression in the Rhesus Macaque and Human Endometrium1 (2001)

Antiprogestins (APs) inhibit estradiol (E(2))-stimulated endometrial growth in women and nonhuman primates, but the mechanism of this "antiestrogenic" action is unknown. Here, we report that APs up-regulate endometrial androgen receptor (AR) in both women and macaques, an effect that might play a role in the antiproliferative effects of APs on the primate endometrium. In addition, because there are discrepancies in the literature on the regulation and localization of AR in the primate endometrium, we used both in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry to evaluate hormonal influences on endometrial AR in women and macaques. In ovariectomized macaques, the following treatments were given for 4 weeks each: E(2) alone, E(2) + progesterone (P), E(2) + mifepristone (RU 486), and E(2) + P + RU 486. In women, samples were obtained during the normal menstrual cycle and after treatment with either RU 486 for 30 days at 2 mg/day, or after a single oral administration of 200 mg RU 486 on cycle day LH + 2. In macaques, E(2) significantly increased AR expression above vehicle controls; E(2) + RU 486 increased binding further; E(2) + P decreased AR binding; and E(2) + P + RU 486 treatment caused an intermediate elevation in AR binding. In macaques treated with E(2) alone, stromal AR staining was predominant, and P treatment suppressed that staining. E(2) + RU 486 or E(2) + P + RU 486 treatment produced a striking up-regulation of glandular epithelial AR staining and enhanced the stromal AR signal. In situ hybridization analyses confirmed the immunocytochemistry data. Similar induction of glandular AR staining and enhanced stromal AR staining were obtained in macaques treated with ZK 137 316 and ZK 230 211. During the natural cycle in women, stromal AR staining predominated and was greater in the proliferative than the late secretory phase. RU 486 treatment of women up-regulated glandular epithelial AR staining after either daily treatment for 30 days with 2 mg/day or after a single oral dose of 200 mg. In summary, endometrial AR was highest in the stroma during the human proliferative phase (or during E(2) treatment in macaques) and lowest during the late secretory phase in women (or after E(2) + P treatment in macaques). In both species, RU 486 induced AR expression in the glands and enhanced AR expression in stromal cells. Because androgens can antagonize E(2) action, enhanced endometrial AR expression induced by APs could play a role in the antiproliferative, "antiestrogenic" effects of APs in primates.
Treatment of Wilson Disease With Ammonium Tetrathiomolybdate (1996)

<h3>Objective:</h3> To test the efficacy and toxic effects of ammonium tetrathiomolybdate in the initial treatment of a relatively large series of patients with neurologic symptoms and signs caused by Wilson disease. Two key aspects of efficacy are to preserve the neurologic function present at the onset of therapy and to maximize the opportunity for long-term recovery. <h3>Design:</h3> An open study of 33 patients treated for 8 weeks each, including further follow-up data on the original 17 patients. Neurologic function was evaluated by frequent quantitative neurologic and speech pathology examinations. Several copper-related variables were studied to evaluate the effect of the drug on copper, and several biochemical and clinical variables were studied to evaluate potential toxic effects. Patients were then followed up at yearly intervals, with follow-up periods of 1 to 8 years reported. <h3>Setting:</h3> A university hospital referral setting. <h3>Intervention:</h3> Patients were generally treated for 8 weeks with tetrathiomolybdate, followed by zinc maintenance therapy. <h3>Main Outcome Measures:</h3> Neurologic function was evaluated by quantitative neurologic and motor speech examinations and magnetic resonance imaging scans of the brain. <h3>Results:</h3> During the 8 weeks of tetrathiomolybdate administration, only 1 of the 33 patients showed deterioration in neurologic function. Copper status and potential further toxic effects were generally well controlled quickly. Evaluation of data from individual patients revealed evidence of a toxic side effect in only 1 patient, who exhibited reversible anemia. During the ensuing period of follow-up of 1 to 6 years, neurologic recovery in most patients was good to excellent. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> Tetrathiomolybdate appears to be an excellent form of initial treatment in patients with Wilson disease who present with neurologic symptoms and signs. In contrast to penicillamine therapy, initial treatment with tetrathiomolybdate rarely allows further, often irreversible, neurologic deterioration.