gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<sup>7</sup>Li NMR Studies of Chemically-Delithiated Li<sub>1-<i>x</i></sub>CoO<sub>2</sub> (2002)

7Li magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR) spectroscopy and Rietveld analysis of X-ray diffraction data have been used to study chemically delithiated Li1-xCoO2. Samples of LiCoO2 were prepared at 400 (LT), 600 (MT), and 800 °C (HT), chemically delithitated to Li0.5CoO2 composition, and heated at 200 °C. It was found that all HT materials and the as-prepared MT-Li0.5CoO2 displayed layered structure, whereas all LT materials and the 200 °C heated MT- Li0.5CoO2 displayed spinel structure. The NMR results suggest that the local atomic and electronic structures of the as-prepared MT-Li0.5CoO2 approach that of spinel phase although X-ray refinement results show the rhombohedral layer structure. The 7Li MAS NMR results provide evidence for electronic phase segregation in layered and spinel Li1-xCoO2 materials. Several samples showed coexisting NMR peaks arising from lithium in a diamagnetic Co3+ environment and in a paramagnetic mixed-valence Co3+/4+ environment. Li0.5CoO2 samples derived from LiCoO2 fired at 600 °C and 800 °C gave rise to only one NMR peak, associated with a mixed-valence cobalt environment, and produced a low NMR signal intensity, arising from an environment containing localized t2g holes (Co4+ ions). A large NMR shift was observed for lithium in the mixed-valence environment, attributed to a Knight shift for the as-prepared HT-Li0.5CoO2 and to a hyperfine shift in the other samples. Variable-field studies showed homonuclear dipolar coupling to be the dominant source of residual line broadening in Li1-xCoO2, and chemical shift dispersion to be a probable secondary source.
New Bifunctional Chelator for <sup>64</sup>Cu-Immuno-Positron Emission Tomography (2013)

A new tetraazamacrocyclic bifunctional chelator, TE2A-Bn-NCS, was synthesized in high overall yield from cyclam. An extra functional group (NCS) was introduced to the N-atom of TE2A for specific conjugation with antibody. The Cu complex of TE2A-Bn-NCS showed high kinetic stability in acidic decomplexation and cyclic voltammetry studies. X-ray structure determination of the Cu-TE2A-Bn-NH2 complex confirmed octahedral geometry, in which copper atom is strongly coordinated by four macrocyclic nitrogens in equatorial positions and two carboxylate oxygen atoms occupy the elongated axial positions. Trastuzumab was conjugated with TE2A-Bn-NCS and then radiolabeled with 64Cu quantitatively at room temperature within 10 min. Biodistribution studies showed that the 64Cu-labeled TE2A-Bn-NCS-trastuzumab conjugates maintain high stability in physiological conditions, and NIH3T6.7 tumors were clearly visualized up to 3 days by 64Cu-immuno-positron emission tomography imaging in animal models.
From the Editor: Hot and Cold (2001)

In formulating my thoughts for this piece, I was somehow reminded of the cyclical nature of science—something that Larry Faulkner referred to in his Acheson Award address ( Interface , Winter 2000)—of how a given research field suddenly becomes “hot.”
Deployment Control of Spinning Space Webs (2008)

Future solar sail and solar power satellite missions require deployment of large and lightweight flexible structures in space. One option is to spin the assembly and use the centrifugal force for deployment, stiffening and stabilization. Some of the main advantages with spin deployment are that the significant forces are in the plane of rotation, a relatively simple control can be used and the tension in the membrane or web can be adjusted by the spin rate to meet the mission requirements. However, a successful deployment requires careful development of new control schemes. The deployment rate can be controlled by a torque, applied either to a satellite in the center or by thrusters in the corners, or by deployment rate control, obtained by tether, spool braking or folding properties. Analytical models with only three degrees of freedom were here used to model the deployment of webs and membranes for various folding patterns and control schemes, with focus on space webs folded in star-like arms coiled around a center hub. The model was used to investigate control requirements and folding patterns and to obtain optimal control laws for centrifugal deployment. New control laws were derived from the optimal control results and previously presented control strategies. Analytical and finite element simulations indicate that the here developed control laws yield less oscillations, and most likely more robustness, than existing controls. Rotation-free (RF) shell elements can be used to model inflation or centrifugal deployment of flexible memebrane structures by the finite element method. RF elements approximate the rotational degrees of freedom from the out-of-plane displacements of a patch of elements, and thus avoid common singularity problems for very thin shells. The performance of RF shell elements on unstructured grids is investigated in the last article of this thesis, and it is shown that a combination of existing RF elements performs well even for unstructured grids.
Novel extraction of tar sands by sonication with the aid of in-situ surfactants (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNovel extraction of tar sands by sonication with the aid of in-situ surfactantsKazem M. Sadeghi, Mohammad Ali Sadeghi, and Teh Fu YenCite this: Energy Fuels 1990, 4, 5, 604–608Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ef00023a034https://doi.org/10.1021/ef00023a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views229Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Spectral beam combining of Yb-doped fiber lasers using wavelength dependent polarization rotators and polarization beam combiners (2007)

We propose a robust spectral beam combining scheme using wavelength dependent polarisation rotators and polarization beam combiners. We successfully demonstrated the concept for two Yb-doped fiber lasers at 1064nm and 1092nm up to a total input power of 90W. The results reveal a very good combining efficiency and the potential for scaling to high power operations in this method of beam combining.
The X-ray global view of the Galactic Center region with the ASCA survey (1999)

We present the pre iminary results of the hard X-ray global mapping of the Galactic Center region with ASCA. Many point sources and diffuse structures are resolved more clearly than before in the 2–10 keV band. Iron line emission is a so intensely distributed along the Galactic plane. It is interpreted that either high temperature plasma concentrates on the Plane, or the molecular clouds illuminated by externa strong X-ray sources are densely distributed along the Plane, or possibly both mechanisms are important.
Tight Bounds on Low-Degree Spectral Concentration of Submodular and XOS Functions (2015)

Submodular and fractionally subadditive (or equivalently XOS) functions play a fundamental role in combinatorial optimization, algorithmic game theory and machine learning. Motivated by learnability of these classes of functions from random examples, we consider the question of how well such functions can be approximated by low-degree polynomials in ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> norm over the uniform distribution. This question is equivalent to understanding the concentration of Fourier weight on low-degree coefficients, a central concept in Fourier analysis. Denoting the smallest degree sufficient to approximate f in ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> norm within ∈ by deg <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">∈</sub> (ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> )(f), we show that : For any submodular function f : {0, 1} <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</sup> → [0, 1], deg <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">∈</sub> (ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> )(f) = O(log(1/∈)/∈ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4/5</sup> ) and there is a submodular function that requires degree Ω(1/∈ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4/5</sup> ). : For any XOS function f : {0, 1} → [0, 1], deg <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">∈</sub> (ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ) (f) = O(1/∈) and there exists an XOS function that requires degree Ω(1/∈). This improves on previous approaches that all showed an upper bound of O(1/∈ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) for submodular [CKKL12], [FKV13], [FV13] and XOS [FV13] functions. The best previous lower bound was Ω(1/∈ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2/3</sup> ) for monotone submodular functions [FKV13]. Our techniques reveal new structural properties of submodular and XOS functions and the upper bounds lead to nearly optimal PAC learning algorithms for these classes of functions.
A thrips vector of tomato spotted wilt virus responds to tomato acylsugar chemical diversity with reduced oviposition and virus inoculation (2019)

There is increasing evidence that acylsugars deter insect pests and plant virus vectors, including the western flower thrips (WFT), Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), vector of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). Acylsugars are sugar-polyesters composed of saturated, un-saturated, and variously branched short and long chain fatty acids (FAs) esterified to a glucose (acylglucose) or sucrose (acylsucrose) moiety. We sought to understand how acylsucrose amount and composition of associated FA profiles interacted to mediate resistance to WFT oviposition and TSWV inoculation on tomato leaves. Towards this goal, we examined WFT oviposition and TSWV inoculation behavior on tomato lines bred to exude varying amounts of acylsucrose in association with diverse FA profiles. Our data show that as acylsucrose amounts increased, WFT egg-laying (oviposition) decreased and TSWV inoculation was suppressed. Western flower thrips also responded to FA profiles that included iC4, iC11, nC12 and nC10 FA. These findings support improving acylsugar-mediated resistance against WFT by breeding tomatoes exuding greater amounts of acylsucrose associated with specific FA profiles. We show that increasing acylsucrose amount output by type IV trichomes and selecting for particular FA profiles through advanced breeding profoundly affects WFT behavior in ways that benefit management of WFT as direct pests and as TSWV vectors.
Alterations in cyclin-dependent kinase 2 function during differentiation of primary human keratinocytes (1998)

Terminal differentiation of epithelial cells is intimately linked to cell-cycle withdrawal. The tight coupling of these two processes is critical to maintenance of epidermal tissue homeostasis and is frequently disrupted in squamous cell carcinoma. To identify possible molecular targets of epithelial carcinogenesis, we investigated the regulatory pathways that couple cellular differentiation and proliferation in primary cultures of human keratinocytes and found that the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKIs) p21cip1/waf1 and p27kip1 were induced early during differentiation of human keratinocytes, whereas p15ink4B was induced later in differentiation. The induction of p21c1/waf1 was mediated by both transcriptional and non-transcriptional mechanisms, and the activities of cyclin A/cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) 2 and cyclin E/cdk2 complexes were specifically inhibited during keratinocyte differentiation. In contrast, p21cip1/wafl did not associate with cdk4, and the activities of cdk4 complexes remained unchanged. Hence, our results support the model that multiple CKIs participate in linking cellular proliferation and differentiation in human keratinocytes by specific modulation of cdk2 activity.
GC-IRMS and enantioselective analysis in biochemical studies in dill (Anethum graveolens L.) (1997)

The analysis of the δ13CPDB-values and the enantiomeric distribution in combination with the composition of the essential oil of dill (Anethum graveolens L.) at various developing stages of different plant parts allows us to draw valuable conclusions about the biosynthesis of the monoterpenes in the entire plant. The composition of the essential oil is different for the various plant parts and changes significantly during the ripening of the dill umbels. While α-phellandrene, β-phellandrene, dill ether and carvone occur enantiomerically pure in all investigated plant parts and during all stages of maturity, both enantiomers of limonene are detected. The enantiomeric composition of limonene is different for the various plant parts and changes during the development of the umbels. The δ13CPDB-values of the different monoterpenes also change with development. (R)-Limonene and carvone show absolutely the same behaviour in their δ13CPDB-values during the whole development of the umbels up to the seeds. In addition the δ13CPDB-values themselves are absolutely the same. Also α-phellandrene and dill ether show the same behaviour in their δ13CPDB-values, but the δ13CPDB-values themselves differ around 1.5–2‰. Based on the results of these investigations, a biochemical pathway of the monoterpenes in dill is postulated, according to which a very close biogenetic relationship is established for limonene and carvone and also for α-phellandrene and dill ether. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor induces long‐lasting Ca<sup>2+</sup>‐activated K<sup>+</sup> currents in rat visual cortex neurons (2002)

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) increases postsynaptic intracellular Ca2+ and modulates synaptic transmission in various types of neurons. Ca2+-activated K+ currents, opened mainly by intracellular Ca2+ elevation, contribute to hyperpolarization following action potentials and modulate synaptic transmission. We asked whether BDNF induces Ca2+-activated K+ currents by postsynaptic elevation of intracellular Ca2+ in acutely dissociated visual cortex neurons of rats. Currents were analysed using the nystatin-perforated patch clamp technique and imaging of intracellular Ca2+ mobilization with fura-2. At a holding potential of -50 mV, BDNF application (20 ng/mL) for 1-2 min induced an outward current (IBDNF-OUT; 80.0 +/- 29.0 pA) lasting for more than 90 min without attenuation in every neuron tested. K252a (200 nm), an inhibitor of Trk receptor tyrosine kinase, and U73122 (3 microm), a specific phospholipase C (PLC)-gamma inhibitor, suppressed IBDNF-OUT completely. IBDNF-OUT was both charybdotoxin- (600 nm) and apamin- (300 nm) sensitive, suggesting that this current was carried by Ca2+-activated K+ channels. BAPTA-AM (150 microm) gradually suppressed IBDNF-OUT. Fura-2 imaging revealed that a brief application of BDNF elicited a long-lasting elevation of intracellular Ca2+. These results show that BDNF induces long-lasting Ca2+-activated K+ currents by sustained intracellular Ca2+ elevation in rat visual cortex neurons. While BDNF, likely acting through the Trk B receptor, was necessary for the induction of long-lasting Ca2+-activated K+ currents via intracellular Ca2+ elevation, BDNF was not necessary for the maintenance of this current.
Responses of ‘‘lower-spontaneous-rate’’ auditory-nerve fibers to speech syllables presented in noise. II: Glottal-pulse periodicities (1991)

The responses of single cat auditory-nerve fibers to naturally spoken voiced sounds (the vowels [a, i, u] and the murmur [m]) presented at normal intensity (70 dB SPL) in various levels of speech-shaped noise were analyzed for the encoding of the glottal-pulse (fundamental) period. To quantify the strength of this fundamental-period encoding, selected segments of the response histograms were autocorrelated, rectified, and fitted with the best-fitting sinusoid of the fundamental frequency. The magnitude of this best-fitting sinusoid was taken as the magnitude of synchronization. In most cases, it was found that the "lower-SR" fibers (those with spontaneous discharge rates less than 20/s) encoded the fundamental periodicity more strongly and more robustly than did the "high-SR" fibers (those with spontaneous discharge rates greater than 20/s). When either a single strong spectral peak or a relatively "flat" spectrum excited a fiber, it showed poor synchronization to the fundamental period, regardless of its spontaneous-rate class. Judging from a few examples, the glottal-pulse synchronization appears to be intensity dependent, with the relative performance of the high-SR fibers improving at lower intensities. A conceptual model is given which accounts for the general characteristics of the data.
A diary study on annotating locations with mixed reality information (2010)

With advanced sensor technologies and tools for content creation, current mobile devices possess features for providing information services based on user's location. There are several services for geographically pinned user-generated content focusing on providing information to users in unfamiliar locations. However, information needs regarding location-based content services in the familiar everyday context have so far been quite little researched. Our research entailed a 12-day user study where nine participants kept a diary, in which they reported needs for annotations of locations they had come across in various day-to-day situations. Based on our results, we present design implications for annotation services, taking into account the user needs in various daily situations. The results show that the services should support flexible controls of the visibility of annotations, notifications about selected annotations within the vicinity, and easy remote annotations. In addition, the system should support collective and living annotations that can be contributed by several users.
Why nuclei? (1994)

Why do cells have nuclei? Prokaryotes, by far the most abundant life forms, do just fine without one. Answers to this question will consist of equal measures of uncertainty and speculation. However, the exercise is nevertheless worthwhile since it may illuminate some elusive principles in cell biology.
Synthèse de glycosyl-isoindigos et glycosyl-azaisoindigos diversement substitués. Etude de leur activité antiproliférative. (2007)

Communication orale
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF FERROCENYLMETHYL DERIVATIVES OF SILICON AND GERMANIUM WITH METHANOL, SOLVOLYSIS OF THE METAL‐CARBON BOND IN THE PRESENCE OF FERRIC IONS (1974)

Abstract Ferrocenylmethyl‐lithium (I) und die Chlor‐ bzw. Alkoxysilane bzw. Chlorgermane (II) setzen sich inTHF bei ‐10°C bis "‐50 zu den Ferrocenylmethyl‐Derivaten (III) um.
Multiblock Copolymers for Low Relative Humidity Fuel Cell Operations (2007)

Fuel cell operation under reduced humidity is highly desirable for automotive applications. Unfortunately, sulfonated polymer electrolytes tend to lose proton conductivity with decreasing water activity. It has been observed in our studies that proton conductivity of polymer electrolytes is critically related to nanostructured (phase separated) morphology. In this study, we focus on morphological effects on proton conductivity, particularly at a low relative humidity. Two copolymer systems - . multiblock copolymers and traditional random copolymers were used in the study. Water sorption, proton conductivity and morphology of the systems are compared and H2/air fuel cell performance was evaluated at high temperature and low relative humidity.
Introducing Geometry in Active Learning for Image Segmentation (2015)

We propose an Active Learning approach to training a segmentation classifier that exploits geometric priors to streamline the annotation process in 3D image volumes. To this end, we use these priors not only to select voxels most in need of annotation but to guarantee that they lie on 2D planar patch, which makes it much easier to annotate than if they were randomly distributed in the volume. A simplified version of this approach is effective in natural 2D images. We evaluated our approach on Electron Microscopy and Magnetic Resonance image volumes, as well as on natural images. Comparing our approach against several accepted baselines demonstrates a marked performance increase.
CORRECTIONS- A Correlation for Velocity and Eddy Diffusivity for the Flow of Power- Law Fluids Close to a Pipe Wall (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleCORRECTIONS- A Correlation for Velocity and Eddy Diffusivity for the Flow of Power- Law Fluids Close to a Pipe WallW Krantz and D WasanCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundamen. 1972, 11, 2, 286Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1972Publication History Published online27 June 2002Published inissue 1 May 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i160042a600https://doi.org/10.1021/i160042a600research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views25Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Synthesis of Sulfoximidoyl-Substituted Triazoles by Huisgen 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition (2007)

The reaction of alkynyl sulfoximines with in situ prepared organic azides in water-dichloromethane under reflux affords sulfoximidoyl-substituted triazoles by Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition.