gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Linearized Alternating Direction Method with Adaptive Penalty for Low-Rank Representation (2011)

Low-rank representation (LRR) is an effective method for subspace clustering and has found wide applications in computer vision and machine learning. The existing LRR solver is based on the alternating direction method (ADM). It suffers from $O(n^3)$ computation complexity due to the matrix-matrix multiplications and matrix inversions, even if partial SVD is used. Moreover, introducing auxiliary variables also slows down the convergence. Such a heavy computation load prevents LRR from large scale applications. In this paper, we generalize ADM by linearizing the quadratic penalty term and allowing the penalty to change adaptively. We also propose a novel rule to update the penalty such that the convergence is fast. With our linearized ADM with adaptive penalty (LADMAP) method, it is unnecessary to introduce auxiliary variables and invert matrices. The matrix-matrix multiplications are further alleviated by using the skinny SVD representation technique. As a result, we arrive at an algorithm for LRR with complexity $O(rn^2)$, where $r$ is the rank of the representation matrix. Numerical experiments verify that for LRR our LADMAP method is much faster than state-of-the-art algorithms. Although we only present the results on LRR, LADMAP actually can be applied to solving more general convex programs.
Empirical Search for Linkages between Foreign Direct and Portfolio Investment in Australia (2003)

This paper empirically establishes the relationship between inward foreign direct investment (FDI) and inward foreign portfolio investment (FPI) in Australia. This study is aimed to bridge the gap between the theoretical and empirical literature in that many theoretical studies argue that FDI and FPI substitute or complement each other, while most empirical studies model them independently. Our results show that FDI is cointegrated with GDP and market capitalization (CAP) and so is FPI; however, FDI and FPI are not cointegrated. Notwithstanding, FDI and FPI are found to Granger cause each other in the short run; but the strength of causality running from FDI to FPI is stronger than that running in the opposite direction.
Comparison of the <i>neuralized</i> genes of <i>Drosophila virilis</i> and <i>D</i>. <i>melanogaster</i> (1994)

The neurogenic gene neuralized of Drosophila melanogaster is thought to play a role in the determination of cell fate in the embryonic nervous system as well as other tissues during development. To determine which sequences within the neuralized gene encode functionally important domains, we have initiated an interspecific comparison of the neuralized gene of D. virilis and D. melanogaster. In this study we show that several motifs that we have previously identified in the neuralized protein of D. melanogaster are conserved in D. virilis. These include a putative nuclear localization signal, a homeodomain similarity region, and a zinc finger motif. In contrast, a helix-turn-helix motif with structural similarity to those identified as DNA-binding regions of bacterial repressors is deleted. These results demonstrate that it is possible to identify key functional regions of the neuralized protein by an interspecific comparison.
Mechanics of the Metal Cutting Process. II. Plasticity Conditions in Orthogonal Cutting (1945)

The analysis of the mechanics of orthogonal cutting with a type 2 chip as presented in the first paper of this series can be extended by introducing those physical properties of the work material which control its plastic behavior. One evident plasticity condition is the equality of the shear stress on the plane of shear to the shear strength of the metal. If it is also assumed that the shear strength of the work material is a constant and is the only quantity controlling its plastic behavior, then a very simple additional plasticity condition is obtained by application of the principle of minimum energy. This condition is 2φ+τ−α=90°, where φ is the shear angle, τ the friction angle, and α the rake angle. This condition, however, is found by experiment to be a poor approximation in the case of polycrystalline metals. A very good approximation is obtained, though, if use is made of the fact that the shear strength of the polycrystalline metal is actually a function of the compressive stress on the shear plane. The resulting plasticity condition is cot (2φ+τ−α)=k, where k is the slope of the linear curve relating shear strength and compressive stress, and is thus a constant of the work material. Such a plasticity condition establishes a relationship between the force system and the geometry of chip formation, so that, if k and the shear strength be known for a given material, all forces involved in cutting it can be calculated with reasonably good accuracy directly from measurements of chip geometry only, without use of a tool dynamometer. This is of importance in the analysis of practical machining operations.
Fast Training of Structured SVM Using Fixed-Threshold Sequential Minimal Optimization (2009)

In this paper, we describe a fixed-threshold sequential minimal optimization (FSMO) for structured SVM problems. FSMO is conceptually simple, easy to implement, and faster than the standard support vector machine (SVM) training algorithms for structured SVM problems. Because FSMO uses the fact that the formulation of structured SVM has no bias (that is, the threshold b is fixed at zero), FSMO breaks down the quadratic programming (QP) problems of structured SVM into a series of smallest QP problems, each involving only one variable. By involving only one variable, FSMO is advantageous in that each QP sub-problem does not need subset selection. For the various test sets, FSMO is as accurate as an existing structured SVM implementation (SVM-Struct) but is much faster on large data sets. The training time of FSMO empirically scales between O(n) and O(n 1.2 ), while SVM-Struct scales between O(n 1.5 ) and O(n 1.8 ).
ALLOXANINDUCED DIABETES IN RABBITS AND EFFECT OF HERBAL FORMULATION D–400 (1994)

Adult male rabbits injected with alloxan (50 mg/kg, i.p.) were divided into two groups of nine each. One group received placebo and the other group an aqueous suspension of D-400, at the dose of 1gm/kg body weight orally daily for 36 weeks. Blood glucose, blood urea and serum creatinine were estimated initially and at every 6-weekly intervals. At the end of 36 weeks D-400 significantly prevented the rise in blood urea and serum creatinine levels as compared to the control. Although a rise in blood sugar was noticed in both the groups, the level of blood sugar after 36 weeks was significantly lower in the D-400 treated group. This shows the favourable response of D-400 against alloxan-induced renal damaae and hyperglycaeima.
The gold of Bologna: Il Cinema Ritrovato (2013)

Bologna's festival of rediscoveries cast the spotlight on Hollywood journeyman Allan Dwan and neorealist Vittorio De Sica
Adsorption and Decomposition of Dimethyl Methylphosphonate on Metal Oxides (1997)

The adsorption and decomposition of dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) have been examined on four different metal oxide surfaces: aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, lanthanum oxide, and iron oxide. Aluminum, magnesium, and lanthanum oxides are observed to behave in much the same way, with initial binding of the PO species to the surface at an acid site, followed by stepwise elimination of the methoxy groups, beginning at temperatures as low as 50 °C, which combine with surface hydrogens to yield methanol that evolves from the surface. The final product observed for these oxides is a surface-bound methylphosphonate, with the P−CH3 bond intact, which is resistant to further oxidation even in the presence of 70 Torr of oxygen at 300−400 °C. Adsorption on iron oxide yields a different sequence of events, with the initial adsorption occurring again with the PO moiety binding to an acid site, although there is some indication of the formation of a second type of surface complex. The primary interaction on iron oxide appears to be much stronger than with the other oxides, and probably involves the unidentate coordination of the DMMP to a Lewis acid site on the surface. Nonselective elimination of both the methoxy and the phosphorus-bound methyl groups begins only after heating above 200 °C, but occurs with total elimination of the methyl and methoxy groups observed after heating above 300 °C in vacuum. The ease with which iron oxide cleaves the P−CH3 bond is attributed to the availability of multiple oxidation states to the iron atom. Participation of the Fe(III)/Fe(II) redox couple in the reaction provides a low-energy path for oxidative cleavage of the P−CH3 bond. The other oxide surfaces cannot provide a similar path, and on these surfaces the P−CH3 bond is resistant to cleavage. The use of infrared diffuse reflectance techniques, observing, in particular, the methyl stretch region of the infrared spectrum, has allowed the almost complete characterization of the decomposition processes which occur after DMMP adsorbs on aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, lanthanum oxide, and iron oxide.
Therapeutic vaccines against HPV16-associated tumors. Minireview. (2002)

Human papilloma viruses (HPV) were found to be closely associated with several types of anogenital tumors, particularly with cervical carcinomas (CC). Of more than 100 HPV types characterized until now, 11 have been classified as high-risk types and detected in human tumor tissue by molecular and immunological techniques. Immunological intervention against HPV can be envisaged at two levels, prophylactic and therapeutic. The therapeutic vaccines constructed to counteract tumors which are already developed utilize two nonstructural early proteins coded by HPV, the products of their E6 and E7 oncogenes. These E6/E7 oncoproteins are the only HPV-coded proteins expressed in CC; they are involved in malignant transformation of HPV-infected cells, their presence is necessary for the maintenance of the malignant phenotype of the cells, and their expression correlates with the transforming potential of HPV. Therefore, the E6/E7 oncoproteins are used for the construction of therapeutic vaccines against HPV-associated neoplasms. The purpose of this review is to discuss the results obtained with HPV16 E6/E7 oncoprotein based therapeutic vaccines in animal tumor models, as well as the prospects and limitations of the vaccines.
A Salicylate–Hypochlorite Method for Determining Ammonia in Seawater (1980)

Total ammonia-nitrogen (NH 4 -N) in artificial seawater was determined spectrophotometrically by a method in which indophenol blue is produced by the reaction of ammonia with salicylate and hypochlorite, in the presence of sodium nitroprusside. Recoveries of 10 to 1000 μg NH 4 -N/L by the salicylate– and phenol–hypochlorite methods compared well (r = 0.99); the coefficient of variation for 25 μg NH 4 -N/L and above was less than 3% for the salicylate–hypochlorite method. The new method is safer than the phenol–hypochlorite method because phenol is not used, but it may not be suitable for field determinations because of photosensitivity. The characteristic colors produced by increasing concentrations of ammonia make the assay useful for the direct, visual estimation of ammonia in culture systems.Key words: ammonia, analytical methods, seawater analysis
The mode of action of 4-quinolones and possible mechanisms of resistance (1986)

Supercoiling of bacterial DNA, mediated by DNA gyrase, is essential to enable bacteria to accommodate their very long chromosomes within the cell envelope. Bacterial DNA gyrase, unlike the comparable mammalian enzyme, is susceptible to 4-quinolone antimicrobials. All 4-quinolones share this action, but ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and ofloxacin possess an additional killing mechanism which vastly increases their potency. The occurrence of this second mechanism may also explain the lower frequencies (in populations of Escherichia coli KL 16) of mutants resistant to these three quinolones (less than 10(-12)) compared with other quinolones (10(-10)-10(-8)). No mutant was encountered that was resistant to peak serum concentrations of ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin or ofloxacin, or resistant to attainable urine concentrations of these or of acrosoxacin, flumequine, enoxacin, oxolinic acid or pipemidic acid. Mutational resistance may not necessarily lead to therapeutic resistance to 4-quinolones in E. coli.
Epicardial and endocardial mapping of ventricular tachycardia in patients with myocardial infarction. Is the origin of the tachycardia always subendocardially localized (1991)

BACKGROUNDLeft ventricular endocardial reentry is the conventional concept underlying surgery for ventricular tachycardia (VT). We assessed the incidences of patterns showing complete reentry circuits at either the subendocardial or subepicardial level and of patterns in which left ventricular endocardial mapping could only in part account for a reentrant mechanism.METHODS AND RESULTSWe retrospectively analyzed epicardial and left ventricular endocardial isochronal maps of 47 VTs induced in 28 patients with chronic myocardial infarction (inferior, 14 patients; anteroseptal, 14 patients). Electrograms were recorded intraoperatively from 128 sites with epicardial sock and transatrial left ventricular endocardial balloon electrode arrays. Given the methodology used in this study, the mapping characteristics of the tachycardias suggested five types of activation patterns: 1) complete (90% or more of VT cycle length) subendocardial reentry circuits in seven VTs (15%) and seven patients (25%), 2) complete subep...
Systematisches Verzeichnis der Abhandlungen welche in der in den Schulschriften sāmtlicher an dem Programmtausche teilnehmenden Lehranstalten erschienensind. Bearbeitet Dr.Rudolph Klussmann nebsfc Zwei Registern. Vierter Band 1896–1900. 1903. Price of the 4 vols. Mk. 26. (1904)

Systematisches Verzeichnis der Abhandlungen welche in der in den Schulschriften sāmtlicher an dem Programmtausche teilnehmenden Lehranstalten erschienensind. Bearbeitet Dr.Rudolph Klussmann nebsfc Zwei Registern. Vierter Band 1896–1900. 1903. Price of the 4 vols. Mk. 26. - Volume 18 Issue 1
An efficient VLSI implementation of four-step search algorithm (2002)

Four-step search (4SS) performs better than the well known three-step search (3SS) and the new three-step search (N3SS). Since 3SS, N3SS and 4SS are similar algorithms, existing architectures for 3SS and N3SS can be used for 4SS implementation. However, direct implementation of 4SS by existing architectures will cause redundant search. A power efficient VLSI implementation for 4SS is proposed. The implementation focuses on power reduction through a power down technique by dedicated data flow control and usage of calculation elements. The simulation result shows the proposed method increases the system throughput and reduces power consumption by 40%.
A self-trimming 14-b 100-MS/s CMOS DAC (2000)

A 14-b 100-MS/s CMOS digital-analog converter (DAC) designed for high static and dynamic linearity is presented. The DAC is based on a central core of 15 thermometer decoded MSBs, 31 thermometer decoded upper LSBs (ULSBs) and 31 binary decoded lower LSBs (LLSBs). The static linearity corresponding to the 14-b specification is obtained by means of a true background self-trimming circuit which does not use additional current sources to replace the current source being measured during self-trimming. The dynamic linearity of the DAC is enhanced by a special track/attenuate output stage at the DAC output which tracks the DAC current outputs when they have settled but attenuates them for a half-clock cycle after the switching instant. The DAC occupies 3.44 mm/spl times/3.44 mm in a 0.35-/spl mu/m CMOS process, and is functional at up to 200 MS/s, with best dynamic performance obtained at 100 MS/s. At 100 MS/s, power consumption is 180 mW from a 3.3-V power supply, and 210 mW at 200 MS/s.
Review. Ronsard. Etude historique et litteraire. I. Dassonville, M. (1970)

REVIEWS Get access ‘Sermon Joyeux’ and Polemic. Two sixteenth-century applications of the Legend of the Fifteen Signs. By WILLIAM W. HEIST. (University of North Carolina: Studies in the Romance Languages and Literatures, No. 73). Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. 1968. 55 pp. $3.50. A. J. KRAILSHEIMER A. J. KRAILSHEIMER OXFORD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar French Studies, Volume XXIV, Issue 3, July 1970, Pages 284-a–284, https://doi.org/10.1093/fs/XXIV.3.284-a Published: 01 July 1970
Beginning Ubuntu Linux (2011)

This sixth edition of Beginning Ubuntu Linux introduces all of us—newbies, power users and system administrators—to the Natty Narwhal Ubuntu release. Based on the bestselling fifth edition, this editi
Influence of dietary zinc and copper on digestive enzyme activity and intestinal morphology in weaned pigs1 (2006)

The current study was conducted to investigate the effects of high dietary concentrations of Zn as zinc oxide and Cu as copper sulfate on the activity of digestive enzymes in the pancreas and the intestinal mucosa, intestinal morphology, and mucin histochemistry in pigs after weaning. Thirty-two pigs were weaned at 4 wk of age. The pigs were fed standard weaning diets supplemented with Zn (100 or 2,500 ppm) and Cu (0 or 175 ppm) in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments for a 14-d period. In pancreatic tissue, the activity of amylase, carboxypeptidase A, chymotrypsin, trypsin, and lipase increased (P < 0.01) in pigs fed 2,500 ppm of Zn, whereas the activity of carboxypeptidase B and carboxylester hydrolase was unaffected. Copper had no effect on the activity of pancreatic enzymes. In small intestinal contents, the total activity of amylase and carboxypeptidase A was greater in pigs fed 100 ppm of Zn (P < 0.05), whereas feeding 2,500 ppm of Zn increased the chymotrypsin activity (P < 0.001). The remaining enzymes were unaffected by dietary Zn concentration. The villi were longer in the cranial small intestine (P < 0.001) in pigs fed 100 ppm of Zn than in pigs fed 2,500 ppm of Zn, but otherwise there were no clear effects of Zn and Cu supplementation on intestinal morphology. In the cranial small intestine, the activity of maltase (P < 0.001), sucrase (P < 0.001), and lactase was greater in pigs fed 100 ppm of Zn, even though there was a Zn x Cu interaction (P < 0.05) in lactase activity. In the middle and caudal small intestine, no clear differences between dietary treatments were observed. The activity of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in the intestinal mucosa was not affected by dietary Zn or Cu. In pigs fed 100 ppm of Zn, the activity of aminopeptidase N was greater in the caudal small intestine, but dietary Zn or Cu had no effect on aminopeptidase N in the cranial and middle small intestine. No effect of dietary Zn or Cu supplementation was found on carbohydrate histochemistry in the caudal small intestine, whereas high dietary Zn increased the area of neutral, acidic, and sulfomucins in the cecum (P < 0.01) and in the colon (P < 0.001). In summary, high dietary Zn increased the activity of several enzymes in the pancreatic tissue and increased the mucin staining area in the large intestine, whereas Cu had no clear effect on these variables. However, no definite answers were found as to how the growth promoting and diarrhea reducing effects of excess dietary Zn are exerted.
Computer-guided implant dentistry for precise implant placement: combining specialized stereolithographically generated drilling guides and surgical implant instrumentation. (2010)

The application of computed tomography (CT) and the use of computer software for dental implant therapy have significantly increased during the last several years. Dental implant positioning can be either "partially guided," where only osteotomy sites are prepared using sequential, removable surgical drilling guides (generated using computer software and through the process of stereolithography), or "totally guided," whereby one guide is used for osteotomy site preparation as well as implant delivery. Recently, the guided delivery of manufacturer-specific internal-connection implants has become available. Individualized protocols and specific instrumentation are employed under this approach to CT-based implant surgery. The purpose of this article is to expand on previous publications related to the use of prosthetically directed implant placement using computer software to ensure precise placement and predictable prosthetic outcomes. Three case reports are presented where precision-guided CT-based surgery was employed and the immediate delivery of a dental prosthesis was facilitated.
Temperature Control for PV Panel Absorbing Heat by Phase Change Material and its Estimation (2010)

Abstract Theexperimentalstudywasconductedtooptimizethesystemdissipatingproperlyheatfromthein-situsolarpanelinstalledontheroof.Forthispurpose,six12-Wattpanels,whichwereconsistedofthedifferentdesignconditionssuchascontainingphasechangematerial(PCM),changingthearrayofthealuminumfinandhoneycombatthebackofthepanel,weretested.PCM,whichhad44℃meltingpoint,waschoseninthisstudy.InordertoenhanceabsorbingandexpellingheatinPCM,profiledaluminumfinwasplacedeitherinwardoroutwardfromthepanel.Furthermore,AluminumhoneycombisimbeddedinthebackcontainertofindifitwouldimprovethethermalconductivityofPCM.Duringtheexperiment,therewererangedto26℃～32℃foroutdoortemperatureand700W/m 2 ～1000W/m 2 forirradiance.Asaresult,thesolarpanel,combinedwithhoneycombandoutwardfinswithPCMinsteadofplacingthefinsinward,isshowingthebestperformanceintermsofcontrolingpaneltemperatureanditsefficiency.Keywords:상변환물질(PhaseChangeMaterials),태양광패널(Photovoltaicpanel),온도제어(ThermalControl),효율저하(Efficiencyreduction) 기호설명 G :일조강도(W/m 2 )I :부하전류(Ampere)Iop :개방전압(Volt)Isc :단락전류(Ampere)V :부하전압(Volt)
The Application of GPU-based TTI RTM in a Complex Area with Shallow Gas and Fault Shadow - A Case History (2013)

Advances in computational power and updated programming techniques has made pre-stack Reverse time migration (RTM) algorithm for depth imaging becoming feasible recently. RTM uses full acoustic two-way wave propagation algorithm for both forward and reverse time extrapolation and provides a natural way to deal with large lateral velocity variations and imposes no dip limitations on the images. Survey discussed in this article is a geophysically challenging area to image due to the presence of near-vertical faults and shallow gas across the region. Reverse Time Migration (RTM) algorithms, plus a correction for Tilted Transverse Isotropy (TTI), shows considerable improvement in depth imaging comparison with the Pre-stack Kirchhoff depth migration. The case study undertaken to assess the impact of the imaging flow demonstrates that the TTI-RTM technology can produce significantly improved imaging results not only in the geological complex area like sub-salt area but also in the subtly complex one discussed in this article. Application of our high performance GPU-based RTM algorithms allows us to speed up RTM migration for large projects in such a complex area.
A 1-mil<sup>2</sup>single-transistor memory cell in N-silicon-gate technology (1973)

A cell design using a 4-μm width diffused bit line and a 5μm width aluminum word line contacted to a silicon gate over the channel region of the selection transistor of the memory cell will be described. Design of a sense-refresh circuit which can be used for 256 of the cells per amp will also be covered.