gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of the antifreeze protein gene in transgenic goldfish (Carassius auratus) and its implication in cold adaptation. (1995)

Ocean pout (Macrozoarces americanus) antifreeze protein (AFP) genes (approximately 10(6) copies) were microinjected into the oocytes of goldfish (Carassius auratus). Out of a total of 303 oocytes injected, 235 (77.6%) were normally fertilized after in vitro maturation and insemination, and 136 (57.9%) of the fertilized eggs were hatched. Dot blot analysis of genomic DNA from 2-month-old fish indicated that 30 of the fish (22%) were positive for the AFP transgene. The numbers of integrated AFP genes ranged from a single copy to multiple copies per cell. Two P1 male founders, Y45 and GV16, were crossed separately with a control female, and the inheritance of the AFP transgene was analyzed. Results from Southern blotting and polymerase chain reaction were found to be 7% (5 out of 82) and 58.8% (20 out of 34), respectively, indicating that these two founders are mosaic. The percentage of positive F2 generated from Y45F1 crossed with a control female was 56%, consistent with a Mendelian inheritance. Mature AFP detected by immunoblotting was expressed in both F1 and F2 offspring. These studies indicate that the antifreeze protein gene is successfully transferred and expressed in goldfish. Transgenic goldfish are significantly more cold tolerant than controls when challenged with low temperatures. These studies suggest that the AFP gene may have application in providing cold tolerance in addition to freeze resistance for a variety of fish species.
A simple microcontroller based building block for digital communication applications (2002)

This paper describes the design of a simple building block for applications in the area of digital communication. The simple building block functions mainly as a digitally programmable oscillator (DPO) extendable to work as a BFSK modulator. The DPO is designed using an LM 565 PLL chip, the centre frequency of the VCO within which is controlled by an 8031 microcontroller using binary weighted switched programmable resistor array (BWSPRA) implemented by CMOS CD 4066 switches and binary weighted resistors. Good quality square and triangular waves were obtained from the block whose frequencies in the range of 90 kHz to 680 kHz were varied digitally. The incorporation of a sine shaper with the simple building block along with a buffer and amplifier provided sinusoidal DPO. In the design extension of the simple sinusoidal DPO to BFSK modulator the mark and the space frequencies were obtained by effectively switching a single resistor. The digital base band signal was a PN sequence of length 7 generated by the 8031 microcontroller. An assembly language program had been developed. Good quality BFSK output was obtained with good phase continuity.
Sensing Ambient Light for User Experience-Oriented Color Scheme Adaptation on Smartphone Displays (2015)

With the rapid development of information technology, mobile devices have exhibited increasing popularity in recent years. To support the anytime-anywhere service model of mobile devices, one important problem related to the screen display arises when using these devices (e.g., smartphone and tablet) under various lighting conditions. On one hand, it is hard for users to see the display clearly under strong lighting conditions (e.g., sunlight). On the other hand, the screen appears dazzling under weak lighting conditions. This problem related to the mobile device display can significantly degrade user experience and undermine the successful deployment of the anytime-anywhere mobile service model. Existing solutions mainly focus on the automatic adjustment of brightness level under different light conditions. We show that merely utilizing brightness level to solve the display problem is not enough to maintain the user experience under both strong and weak lighting scenarios through experimenting with over 200 volunteers. In this work, we take a different approach by investigating automatic color scheme adjustment to improve user experience. We find that Readability, Comfort level and Similarity are major factors that contribute to user experience. In recognizing these problems, we propose a system, ColorVert, which utilizes the DKL color space to adaptively transform color schemes by sensing ambient light to improve user experience under various lighting scenarios. Our experimental evaluation with over 200 precipitants and various mobile devices demonstrates that ColorVert is more effective in both maintaining as well as improving user experience compared with the existing automatic brightness adjustment system.
Effect of delay spike on SCTP, TCP Reno, and Eifel in a wireless mobile environment (2003)

Eifel has been proposed as a solution to enhance the performance of TCP during delay spikes in a wireless mobile environment. This paper evaluates and compares the performance of SCTP, TCP, and Eifel during delay spikes. We have shown that although Eifel performs better than TCP Reno and SCTP when there are no packet losses, the opposite is true when packets are lost in the presence of delay spikes. Our results also show that a higher link bandwidth does not always increase the data throughput of SCTP, TCP Reno, and Eifel.
Regulation of iASPP expression by chemotherapeutic drugs (2009)

The tumour suppressor p53, is a key regulator in deciding between cell survival or cell death by its ability to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. It is one of the most frequently mutated genes in human cancers and influences the efficacy of many cancer therapies. The newly identified ASPP family of proteins is a specific regulator of p53-, p63- and p73-mediated apoptosis. The family consists of three members, two pro-apoptotic proteins ASPP1 and ASPP2, which selectively stimulate p53's apoptotic function and one anti-apoptotic member, iASPP, which inhibits p53-mediated cell death. This thesis has focused on identifying changes in iASPP protein expression in response to chemotherapeutic drugs. Our data describes a substantial decrease in mobility of iASPP by Western blot analysis, following treatment of cells with arsenic trioxide and microtubule drugs such as nocodazole, taxol and colchicine. Importantly, the iASPP expression pattern correlated with the cellular physiology. More precisely, a small decrease in iASPP mobility was associated with cells arrested in mitosis, while a more substantial mobility shift was related to cell death. These observations were confirmed in a variety of cell lines derived from solid tumours and haematological malignancies. We found that this mobility shift was caused by post-translational modifications of iASPP at the N-terminus in a defined region spanning amino acids 91 until 125. Mass spectrometric analysis provided evidence for phosphorylation on specific serines. Moreover, analysis of antibody epitopes and iASPP point mutants, provided evidence for the involvement of other residues within this epitope, suggesting multiple modifications. Furthermore, the signalling pathways leading to this iASPP modification following treatment with arsenic trioxide and nocodazole involve oxidative stress, mitogen-activated protein kinases, nuclear factor-B, glycogen synthase kinase-3, prolyl hydroxylases and cyclin-dependent kinases. All these data leads to a better understanding of the regulation of iASPP expression and function in cancer cells under normal and stress conditions. Additionally, increased knowledge of the mechanisms of action of these drugs could lead to new applications or improved strategies for treating malignancies.
Cluster–Nuclei Coassembled into Two-Dimensional Hybrid CuO-PMA Sub-1 nm Nanosheets (2019)

In the sub-1 nm scale region, nanomaterials have shown some novel and interesting chemical and physical properties, such as flexibility, polymer-like rheology, etc. However, how to limit the size of hybrid nanomaterials into sub-1 nm scale is still a great challenge. Herein, by incorporating phosphomolybdic acid (PMA) clusters into inorganic materials (CuO) during the nucleation step, we first synthesized the two-dimensional (2D) hybrid CuO-PMA sub-1 nm nanosheets (SNSs). Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations demonstrated that PMA clusters interacted with CuO molecules and coassembled into stable 2D simple square SNSs. The CuO-PMA SNSs not only performed well photothermal conversion property at 808 nm laser, but also could be applied in solar steam generation with an energy conversion efficiency of 95.72% under 1 sun illumination. This work would provide a promising avenue for the synthesis and wider applications of cluster-inorganic materials-based 2D hybrid SNSs.
Response and immunoresistance to botulinum toxin injections (1995)

Botulinum toxin antibodies (ABS) may be a reason why occasionally patients do not have a response to injections with botulinum toxin type A (BTX). We tested 86 patients with cervical or oromandibular dystonia for the presence of BTX ABS; 20 were positive and 66 were negative. All patients who tested positive had no response to BTX injections on at least two consecutive treatment sessions. When compared with 22 randomly selected patients with negative BTX ABS results, the patients with positive BTX ABS tests had an earlier age at onset (mean age: 31.8 +/- 16.7 years versus 43.4 +/- 10.5; p < 0.05), higher mean dose per visit (249.2 +/- 32.5 U versus 180.8 +/- 68.7, p < 0.0005), and higher total cumulative dose (mean dose: 1,709 +/- 638 U versus 1,066 +/- 938; p < 0.01). Four out of five patients with positive ABS tests later had a response to botulinum toxin type F injections. Of 26 patients with negative BTX ABS results who were tested because of poor response on at least one visit, 21 had good response after subsequent injection and five had no effect. Except for young age at onset and higher dosages, there were no other factors that could reliably predict which patients would become immunoresistant to BTX type A injections. Treatment with alternate serotypes may offer clinical benefit to this group of patients. Absence of detectable BTX ABS may occur in patients with poor response to BTX injections because of inadequate dosage, injections of inappropriate muscles, or poor sensitivity of the BTX ABS bioassay.
Locality-sensitive hashing scheme based on dynamic collision counting (2012)

Locality-Sensitive Hashing (LSH) and its variants are well-known methods for solving the c-approximate NN Search problem in high-dimensional space. Traditionally, several LSH functions are concatenated to form a "static" compound hash function for building a hash table. In this paper, we propose to use a base of m single LSH functions to construct "dynamic" compound hash functions, and define a new LSH scheme called Collision Counting LSH (C2LSH). If the number of LSH functions under which a data object o collides with a query object q is greater than a pre-specified collision threhold l, then o can be regarded as a good candidate of c-approximate NN of q. This is the basic idea of C2LSH.
Triterpenoid Saponins from the Roots of Aralia spinifolia (1994)

Two new triterpenoid saponins named aralosides H[1] and J [2], along with four known triterpenoid saponins 3-6 were isolated from the roots of Aralia spinifolia. Their structures were determined as 3-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl (1-->3)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-oleanolic acid [1], 3-O-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1-->4)-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl- oleanolic acid 28-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl ester [2], araloside A methyl ester [3], chikusetusaponin Ib [4], chikusetusaponin IV [5], and araloside A [6] on the basis of spectral and chemical data.
Puritans and Quakers (1954)

WTE may as well make two admissions at the very beginning. First: our Puritan ancestors were not saints. They sometimes referred to themselves as saints; but in their day a saint was one who not only lived a life of conspicuous rectitude, gentleness, and humility, but also one who had been elected to salvation, and except for the regrettable mischance that he was still alive on earth, was to all practical intents and purposes a denizen of the heavenly realm. They spoke of themselves not infrequently as saints in that theological sense, but sainthood in the ordinary sense they neither claimed nor deserved any more than we. Second: their treatment of all Antinomians, including Anabaptists and Quakers, is essentially unforgivable. In the last analysis, when every reason has been weighed, every extenuation advanced, and every possible excuse thrown into the scale, they stand guilty of actions that cannot be defended. The French have a proverb: To understand all is to forgive all. The purpose of this paper is to understand as much as possible, but if it leads you to forgive I shall be surprised. Of course there are people, and among them some historians of standing, who find an uncanny delight in seeing the Puritans condemned. I am not of that number. No man would be
Sympathetic cooling of trapped ions: A laser-cooled two-species nonneutral ion plasma (1986)

Sympathetic cooling of trapped ions has been demonstrated in an experiment where $^{198}\mathrm{Hg}^{+}$ ions were confined in a Penning ion trap with laser-cooled $^{9}\mathrm{Be}^{+}$ ions. $^{198}\mathrm{Hg}^{+}$ temperatures below 1 K were achieved. Ion plasma sizes, shapes, and rotation frequencies were measured. Dramatic changes in the $^{9}\mathrm{Be}^{+}$ plasma were observed when the $^{198}\mathrm{Hg}^{+}$ ions were introduced into the trap. These observations are consistent with the prediction of centrifugal separation for ions of different charge-to-mass ratios.
BPS기반의 도시재생사업 업무정보 시스템 구축 (2012)

1960년대 이후 국내의 도심은 수도권 중심의 개발로 인한 집중화, 과밀화, 기반시설의 노후화 및 상업 기능의 쇠퇴 등 사회, 경제, 환경적 문제들이 발생하였으며, 2000년대 들어 각종 도시 문제를 해결하기 위해 도시재생사업이 대두되었다. 그러나 현재 도시재생사업은 다양한 용도의 복합화 시설을 추구하고 있으며 사업의 특성상 다수의 참여주체, 사업의 장기화 등으로 인해 업무 프로세스가 복잡해지고 있다. 이런 현상으로 수행업무가 체계화되지 못해 사업 참여자들은 사업을 진행하는데 있어 참여자간의 복잡한 이해관계, 업무협업 등의 어려움을 겪고 있다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 여러 기관에서 도시재생사업 관련 정보 시스템을 제공하고 있지만 사업 세부내용을 체계적으로 제공하는데 한계가 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 도시재생사업의 현황 및 업무프로세스를 분석하고 업무정보관리의 체계성의 필요성을 제시하였다. 또한 도시재생사업 업무정보 체계 정립을 위해 BPS(Business Process Breakdown Structure, 이하 BPS)의 개념을 도입하여 사업진행을 위한 업무 정보를 분류하고 체계화 하였다. 이를 토대로 BPS기반의 도시재생사업 업무정보 시스템을 구현하고 시스템의 사용성을 평가하였다. 본 연구를 통해 BPS기반의 도시재생사업 업무정보 시스템을 구축함으로써 사업 참여자들에게 체계적인 도시재생사업관련 업무정보를 제공하여 효과적인 사업을 진행하는데 도움을 줄 것이다.
PointPWC-Net: A Coarse-to-Fine Network for Supervised and Self-Supervised Scene Flow Estimation on 3D Point Clouds (2019)

We propose a novel end-to-end deep scene flow model, called PointPWC-Net, on 3D point clouds in a coarse-to-fine fashion. Flow computed at the coarse level is upsampled and warped to a finer level, enabling the algorithm to accommodate for large motion without a prohibitive search space. We introduce novel cost volume, upsampling, and warping layers to efficiently handle 3D point cloud data. Unlike traditional cost volumes that require exhaustively computing all the cost values on a high-dimensional grid, our point-based formulation discretizes the cost volume onto input 3D points, and a PointConv operation efficiently computes convolutions on the cost volume. Experiment results on FlyingThings3D outperform the state-of-the-art by a large margin. We further explore novel self-supervised losses to train our model and achieve comparable results to state-of-the-art trained with supervised loss. Without any fine-tuning, our method also shows great generalization ability on KITTI Scene Flow 2015 dataset, outperforming all previous methods.
Laser-corrected vision (1990)

Abstract Since the mid-1980s, Professor Paul Cook, a laser scientist working for both British Aerospace and Brunei University in Middlesex, has been using laser technology to diagnose and treat vision problems.
p-Terphenyls from Fungus Paxillus curtisii Chelate Irons: A Proposed Role of p-Terphenyls in Fungus (2013)

Diverse p-terphenyl compounds, named curtisians, have been isolated from the fungus Paxillus curtisii, and degradation of wood by this fungus is thought to be progressed by iron chelation of p-terphenyl curtisians. In this study, the iron chelation ability of p-terphenyls has been proved by chrome azurol S (CAS) assay, reducing power, and UV-visible spectroscopic analyses. The catechol moiety of p-terphenyl is an essential factor for the potent iron chelation ability, and thus deacylated curtisian with a tetrahydroxyl moiety in the central ring of p-terphenyl is more effective than acylated curtisians.
Cure of duodenal ulcer after eradication of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (1990)

Eighty-two patients, whose duodenal ulcers were recurrent or resistant to H2-receptor antagonist therapy, were entered in a treatment protocol of ranitidine followed by a four-week "triple therapy" course to eradicate Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection. The triple therapy consisted of colloidal bismuth subcitrate, tetracycline and metronidazole. Duodenal ulcer healed in all 78 patients available for endoscopy and H. pylori infection was shown to be eliminated in 75 patients (96%) at rebiopsy four weeks after cessation of therapy. In these 75 remaining patients the relapse rates for H. pylori infection and duodenal ulcer were studied endoscopically, yearly and at any recurrence of symptoms. At Year 1, 71 of 73 patients remained free of H. pylori infection (HP-negative) and duodenal ulcer. The corresponding figures subsequently were: Year 2, 57/57; Year 3, 34/34; Year 4, 15/15. No duodenal ulcers recurred in HP-negative patients who were followed for up to four years. Two patients of the original cohort of 75 HP-negative patients were HP-positive with endoscopic duodenitis at 12 months, and one at 36 months, but all were without reulceration. Distorted duodenal caps gradually returned to near-normal appearance in 80% of patients by two years. From this four-year follow-up study we conclude that duodenal ulcer disease will not recur provided the patient remains free of H. pylori.
C5 Chemotactic Fragments Produced by an Enzyme in Lysosomal Granules of Neutrophils (1970)

Abstract Lysosomal granules from rabbit neutrophilic leukocytes contain an enzyme that cleaves the fifth component of human complement (C5) into chemotactically active fragments. The enzyme cleaves C5, but not the third component of complement, into chemotactically active fragments of variable molecular weights, depending upon conditions of incubation. One fragment consistently behaves in ultracentrifugation and gel filtration similar to the reference standard cytochrome c. The amount of chemotactic activity generated by interaction of the lysosomal granule lysate and C5 is a function of concentrations of C5 and lysate, as well as duration of incubation. The C5-cleaving enzyme of neutrophil lysosomal granules has a neutral pH optimum for activity. Based upon gel filtration, it has an estimated molecular weight of 35,000, is inhibited by esters bearing basic amino acids, is susceptible to inhibition by ε-amino caproic acid and in varying degree is susceptible to action of soybean trypsin inhibitor and EDTA. The presence in the neutrophil of an enzyme capable of cleaving C5 into chemotactically active fragments may reflect the potential for the neutrophil to exacerbate in a non-immunologic manner the acute inflammatory process once it is underway.
Basic Study on Numerical Navigation in Ise Bay (2012)

For safety coastal navigation, detailed information of atmospheric and ocean is very important and needed. In particular tidal current, wind and wave are effects to ship speed reduction, ship drift of a sailing ship. Also, the wind and waves would be changing dramatically in heavy situation such as a typhoon. In former part of this paper, the computational simulation of tidal current, wind and waves in Ise bay area was explained. The wind of sea was calculated by numerical model of WRF, the ocean wave was calculated by numerical model of SWAN and the tidal current was calculated by POM. In latter part of it, the numerical simulation of navigation in Ise bay was carried out. The effects of wind and wave and tidal current to navigation by container ship were examined numerically by the simulation.
Adult Ixodes dammini on Rabbits: A Hypothesis for the Development and Transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi (1987)

A histological study of unfed Ixodes dammini adults has shown that the Lyme disease spirochete can be found in the midgut diverticula of these ticks and is presumably carried over from the nymphal stage. Sequential histology of the early stages of ticks feeding on a rabbit showed that spirochetes began to divide and were located in close proximity or attached to the epithelial cells of the diverticulae. Evidence for division was obtained by the higher number of spirochetes per tick after a three-day feeding period than in the unfed females. Although the mechanism is unclear, some spirochetes become systemic by the fifth day of feeding and can be detected in low numbers in other tick organs. Spirochetes were also noted in the feeding cavities created by I. dammini in the dermis after five days of attachment. Spirochetes were not detected in salivary glands or in the feces of I. dammini during the feeding period.
FORMALDEHYDE TREATMENT OF PUREX RADIOACTIVE WASTES (1963)

Continuous denitration of Purex acid waste (PAW) with formaldehyde was successfully demonstrated in a fullscale plant prototype unit in the Hanford Purex plant. The reaction is smooth and is easily and safely controlled. Because severe foaming can occur in the reaction vessel, the use of an antifoam agent is required to attain acceptable plant processing rates. Extensive laboratory and pilot plant work, proper equipment design, and satisfactory oper ating procedures were the bases for developing adequate safeguards that assure complete control of the reaction at all times. During operation, the formaldehyde and the preheated PAW stream (with 50 to 100 parts antifoam per million parts PAW) are added continuously to the reactor which is maintained at 95 deg C. From an initial feed concentration of approximately 6.1M, the free acid is reduced to 0.5 to 1.0M in the treated waste. About 2.5 moles of free acid are destroyed per mole of formaldehyde added to the unit for a 60% reaction efficiency. A decontamination factor of 10/sup 4/ from feed to recovered acid is typical, which means that the ratio of radioactivity to HNO/sub 3/ in the recovered acid is reduced by a factor of 10,000 when compared to the same ratio in the high activity waste (PAW). Formaldehyde denitration of the Purex acid wastes reduces the chemical costs of waste treatment and storage. In addition, the process increases the storage capacity of underground tanks because of less salts in the waste, increases the flexibility of waste treatment equipment, and improves the quality of feed for fission product recovery. (auth)
Dynamic Biomechanics of the Normal Foot and Ankle During Walking and Running (1988)

This article presents an overview of dynamic biomechanics of the asymptomatic foot and ankle that occur during walking and running. Functional descriptions for walking are provided along with a review of quantitative findings from biomechanical analyses. Foot and ankle kinematics and kinetics during running are then presented, starting with a general description that is followed by more specific current research information. An understanding of the dynamic characteristics of the symptom-free foot and ankle during the most common forms of upright locomotion provides the necessary basis for objective evaluation of movement dysfunction.
Respiratory sounds denoising using wavelet packets (2002)

Lung sound analysis is made difficult by the inevitable noise contamination. Conventional frequency filtering is usually ineffective, therefore the use of other methods like those based on the wavelet transform is needed. In this paper, we propose a new technique for denoising lung sound This technique is based on Donoho's method and consists in modulating the wavelet packet coefficients before the thresholding operation and demodulating them after. By using this method, we can reduce the noise without distortion of the original sound. The results obtained with normal and pathological sounds show a very high efficiency.