gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pain worsening with physical activity during migraine attacks in women with overweight/obesity: A prospective evaluation of frequency, consistency, and correlates (2017)

Background Migraine is a neurological disease involving recurrent attacks of moderate-to-severe and disabling head pain. Worsening of pain with routine physical activity during attacks is a principal migraine symptom; however, the frequency, individual consistency, and correlates of this symptom are unknown. Given the potential of this symptom to undermine participation in daily physical activity, an effective migraine prevention strategy, further research is warranted. This study is the first to prospectively evaluate (a) frequency and individual consistency of physical activity-related pain worsening during migraine attacks, and (b) potential correlates, including other migraine symptoms, anthropometric characteristics, psychological symptoms, and daily physical activity. Methods Participants were women (n = 132) aged 18-50 years with neurologist-confirmed migraine and overweight/obesity seeking weight loss treatment in the Women's Health and Migraine trial. At baseline, participants used a smartphone diary to record migraine attack occurrence, severity, and symptoms for 28 days. Participants also completed questionnaires and 7 days of objective physical activity monitoring before and after diary completion, respectively. Patterning of the effect of physical activity on pain was summarized within-subject by calculating the proportion (%) of attacks in which physical activity worsened, improved, or had no effect on pain. Results Participants reported 5.5 ± 2.8 (mean ± standard deviation) migraine attacks over 28 days. The intraclass correlation (coefficient = 0.71) indicated high consistency in participants' reports of activity-related pain worsening or not. On average, activity worsened pain in 34.8 ± 35.6% of attacks, had no effect on pain in 61.8 ± 34.6% of attacks and improved pain in 3.4 ± 12.7% of attacks. Few participants (9.8%) reported activity-related pain worsening in all attacks. A higher percentage of attacks where physical activity worsened pain demonstrated small-sized correlations with more severe nausea, photophobia, phonophobia, and allodynia (r = 0.18 - 0.22, p < 0.05). Pain worsening due to physical activity was not related to psychological symptoms or total daily physical activity. Conclusions There is large variability in the effect of physical activity on pain during migraine attacks that can be accounted for by individual differences. For a minority of participants, physical activity consistently contributed to pain worsening. More frequent physical activity-related pain worsening was related to greater severity of other migraine symptoms and pain sensitivity, which supports the validity of this diagnostic feature. Study protocol ClinicalTrials.govIdentifier: NCT01197196.
Ligand Lipophilic Efficiency (LLE) (2016)

The evolution that has taken place in medicinal chemistry practice as a result of major advances in genomics and molecular biology arising from the Human Genome Project has carried with it an extensive additional working vocabulary that has become both integrated and essential terminology for the medicinal chemist. Some of this augmented terminology has been adopted from the many related and interlocked scientific disciplines with which the modern medicinal chemist must be conversant, but many other terms have been introduced to define new concepts and ideas as they have arisen. In this supplementary Glossary, we have attempted to collate and define many of the additional terms that are now considered to be essential components of the medicinal chemist’s expanded repertoire.
Data collected in an integrated ecological survey of rotifer communities and corresponding environmental variables in the highly polluted Haihe River Basin, China (2018)

Here we presented two datasets (biological and environmental datasets) collected in a comprehensive large geographical scale (approximately 1.1×10<sup>5</sup> km<sup>2</sup>) survey of rivers/streams in the Haihe River Basin (HRB), which has become the most polluted river basin in past two decades in China. The survey selected a total of 94 representative sampling sites in the plain region of HRB, where environmental pollution is more severe than the mountain region. The biological dataset contains the information on the identified rotifer species and their abundance, while the environmental dataset provides the measured environmental variables at each sampling site. Based on this ecological survey, we identified a total of 91 rotifer species and their abundance, as well as abundance of two crucial taxonomic groups on rotifers' food webs (i.e., protozoans and crustaceans), and also presented seven environmental variables, particularly those associated with nitrogen and phosphorus pollution.
Diamond UV detectors and sensing mechanism (2010)

LGEP 2010 ID = 627
Simulation-based optimal calibration of spark ignition engines with multiple objectives: fuel economy and combustion variability (2011)

Optimal engine calibration methodology at part-load operating conditions using a multi-scale simulation approach is proposed and demonstrated on a spark ignition engine with dual-independent variable valve timing and a charge motion control valve. Fuel economy is typically selected as a calibration objective at part-load operating conditions. However, to secure vehicle driveability and smooth engine operation with low vibration and harshness, the combustion variability is considered by introducing the coefficient of variation in the indicated mean effective pressure characterized through a statistical analysis of experimental data. Other engine responses are fully predicted through a co-simulation approach by implementing the quasi-dimensional combustion simulation into the one-dimensional gas exchange simulation, and subsequently captured by an artificial neural network for fast computation. The best actuator set points are determined by solving the constrained multiple-objective optimization problem with fuel economy and combustion variability objectives under partload conditions. The calibration eliminates a high combustion variability at low loads and low speeds, maintaining most of the fuel economy benefit achievable with variable valve timing, and it can be used for an implementable feedforward control strategy.
Quantifying Disorder through Conditional Entropy: An Application to Fluid Mixing (2013)

In this paper, we present a method to quantify the extent of disorder in a system by using conditional entropies. Our approach is especially useful when other global, or mean field, measures of disorder fail. The method is equally suited for both continuum and lattice models, and it can be made rigorous for the latter. We apply it to mixing and demixing in multicomponent fluid membranes, and show that it has advantages over previous measures based on Shannon entropies, such as a much diminished dependence on binning and the ability to capture local correlations. Further potential applications are very diverse, and could include the study of local and global order in fluid mixtures, liquid crystals, magnetic materials, and particularly biomolecular systems.
New delay-dependent conditions for H<inf>&#x221E;</inf> filtering of nonlinear systems with neutral-type time-delay (2009)

This paper focuses on the observer design for nonlinear time-delay systems of neutral type. Nonlinearities of the system under consideration are supposed to be globally Lipschitz with respect to their arguments. We assume that the system output is corrupted by a norm-bounded noise and may contain delayed states. We brought new delay-dependent conditions under which the fault-tolerant observer converges with a prescribed level of uncertainty attenuation.
Novel decay dynamics revealed for virus-mediated drug activation in cytomegalovirus infection (2017)

Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a substantial cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised hosts and globally is one of the most important congenital infections. The nucleoside analogue ganciclovir (GCV), which requires initial phosphorylation by the viral UL97 kinase, is the mainstay for treatment. To date, CMV decay kinetics during GCV therapy have not been extensively investigated and its clinical implications not fully appreciated. We measured CMV DNA levels in the blood of 92 solid organ transplant recipients with CMV disease over the initial 21 days of ganciclovir therapy and identified four distinct decay patterns, including a new pattern exhibiting a transient viral rebound (Hump) following initial decline. Since current viral dynamics models were unable to account for this Hump profile, we developed a novel multi-level model, which includes the intracellular role of UL97 in the continued activation of ganciclovir, that successfully described all the decline patterns observed. Fitting the data allowed us to estimate ganciclovir effectiveness in vivo (mean 92%), infected cell half-life (mean 0.7 days), and other viral dynamics parameters that determine which of the four kinetic patterns will ensue. An important clinical implication of our results is that the virological efficacy of GCV operates over a broad dose range. The model also raises the possibility that GCV can drive replication to a new lower steady state but ultimately cannot fully eradicate it. This model is likely to be generalizable to other anti-CMV nucleoside analogs that require activation by viral enzymes such as UL97 or its homologues.
Multispectral Tissue Identification In MR Images (2005)

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is rapidly becoming accepted as a valuable diagnostic tool in modem day radiology. One of the most valuable aspects of MRI is that it provides multidimensional (i.e., multispectral) imagery which emphasizes different soft tissue characteristics. This paper describes our work regarding the development and exploration of techniques for the identification and characterization of tissues in such multispectral images. We have employed multiple approaches to this multispectral pattern problem which include the development of classifiers which utilize statistical and morphological information as well as artificial neural networks. The application of these because it permits the disease process to be followed over time in response to therapy, and provides quantitative information permitting the disease to be staged which is essential for surgical planning. In the case of MRI, the ability of the operator to control extrinsic pulse sequence parameters means that overlapping (multispectral) image planes can be obtained. Such MR images creates with different pulse sequences emphasize different tissue characteristics which provides a wealth of multispectral information which can be utilized for tissue identification and characterization. We have been interested in developing image processing and pattern recognition techniques for combining and quantifying information regarding different tissue types from MR multispectral imagery.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Carvone Based Construction of the Ring‐A of Taxoids. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
D-Homosteroids. II. 17a-Ethinyl-D-homoetiocholane-3α,17a-diol-11-ones and Related Compounds<sup>1</sup> (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTD-Homosteroids. II. 17a-Ethinyl-D-homoetiocholane-3α,17a-diol-11-ones and Related Compounds1R. O. Clinton, R. G. Christiansen, H. C. Neumann, and S. C. LaskowskiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 13, 3389–3395Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01546a048https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01546a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views39Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Esqueletos euclidianos discretos em resolução aumentada (2006)

A extracao de esqueletos Euclidianos e uma tema de grande importância na area de processamento de imagens e tem sido discutido pela comunidade cientifica ja ha mais de 20 anos. Hoje e consenso que os esqueletos Euclidianos devem ter as seguintes caracteristicas: finos, centrados, homotopicos e reversiveis, i.e., suficientes para a reconstrucao do objeto original. Neste trabalho, introduzimos o Eixo Mediano Euclidiano Exato em Resolucao Aumentada -HMA, com o objetivo de obter um eixo mediano mais ?no do que o obtido pela definicao classica. Combinando o HMA com um eficiente algoritmo de afinamento paralelo homotopico, propomos um esqueleto Euclidiano que e centrado, homotopico, reversivel e mais fino que os ja existentes na literatura. O esqueleto proposto tem a particularidade adicional de ser unico e independente de decisoes arbitrarias. Sao dados algoritmos e provas, assim como exemplos de aplicacoes dos esqueletos propostos em imagens reais, mostrando as vantagens da proposta. O texto inclui tambem uma revisao bibliografica sobre algoritmos de transformada de distância, eixo mediano e esqueletos homotopicos.
Abstract
ChemInform Abstract: MANIFESTATION OF DUAL AROMATICITY IN DOUBLY CHARGED ANNELATED PENTALENES (1979)

Abstract Im Gegensatz zu Pentalen ergeben die Dibenzopentalene (I) bei chemischer oder elektrochemischer Oxidation bzw. Reduktion die entsprechenden Dikationen bzw. Dianionen, die aromatische Diatropie aufweisen.
Propagation and depolarization of an arbitrarily polarized wave obliquely incident on a slab of random medium (1991)

The problem of how a slab of random medium affects the propagation and polarization of an arbitrarily polarized obliquely incident electromagnetic wave is investigated. The general formulation is given by using vector radiative transfer theory. The multiple scattering solution is compared with the analytical first-order solution when the optical distance is small and the comparison shows that the results are consistent with each other. The multiple scattering results for a left-handed circularly polarized incident wave show that the transmitted wave is still right-handed near the backscattering direction. The scattering signature obtained shows that for normal incidence one can obtain a maximum backscattered power if an arbitrarily oriented linearly polarized incident wave is chosen and that for an incident angle of 30 degrees , a minimum backscattered power can be obtained if a linearly polarized incident wave is oriented at 45 degrees or 135 degrees .< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Observation of null alleles of microsatellite markers in a Chinese population (2000)

Abstract Introduction Genotyping of a set of microsatellite markers is often necessary to map genes for complex human diseases by linkage analysis. Presence of null alleles (such as a mutation in the primer‐binding sequence) can lead to pseudo‐deficiency of heterozygosity. Materials and methods We completed a genomic scan using 367 autosomal markers on 1477 Chinese subjects in a total of 337 nuclear families. Two markers with apparent non‐Mendelian inheritance patterns were further investigated: marker GGAA15B08 results were re‐scored, and marker GATA29A01 was re‐genotyped using redesigned primers. Results The GGAA15B08 marker was found to contain a relatively frequent (24.4%) 185‐bp allele in the Chinese that was previously treated as a ‘null allele’. Marker GATA29A01 contained a null allele due to a mutation within the annealing region of its reverse primer. With a pair of redesigned PCR primers, the null allele diminished. In this study, we have a power > 82% to detect null alleles of frequency 0.04 or greater. Discussion The presence of GATA29A01 null alleles in this population was quite common (31.4%). Identification of markers with null alleles in our study has great implications in paternity testing, linkage analysis and forensic DNA testing. Particular care should be taken in analysing microsatellite genotype results to avoid this problem.
Periplasmic localization of nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase in Escherichia coli (1978)

Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase (NAPRTase) in Escherichia coli mediates the formation of nicotinate mononucleotide, a direct precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), from nicotinate and 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate. Specifically, NAPRTase contributes to NAD synthesis by utilizing intracellular nicotinate formed from NAD degradation products, which are recycled by NAD cycle enzymes and exogenous nicotinate when it is available. In previous studies, it has been tacitly assumed that almost all NAD cycle enzymes are localized in the cytoplasm of E. coli. The results of this investigation provide evidence that NAPRTase is a periplasmic (extracytoplasmic) enzyme. The osmotic shock of exponential-phase cells of E. coli K-12 and ML 308-225 resulted in the release of 63 to 72% and 42 to 48%, respectively, of the NAPRTase into the shock medium. In addition, when exponential cells of strains K-12 and ML 308-225 were converted into spheroplasts, 75 to 84% and 54 to 68%, respectively, of the enzyme was released into the spheroplast medium. Since previous estimates of the effective levels of NAPRTase present in putative repressed and derepressed E. coli cells appeared to be very low, a more convenient and accurate alternative method for the evaluation of NAPRTase in whole cells was developed. The results show that NAPRTase is subject only to a modest degree of enzyme repression. In addition, no evidence was found for the presence of a protein or low-molecular-weight inhibitor of the enzyme in repressed cells.
ChemInform Abstract: IMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES AS INHIBITORS OF CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHODIESTERASES (1975)

Abstract Aus Carbäthoxy‐imidazol (Ia) erhält.man durch Hydrolyse die Cabonsäure (Ib) sowie durch Tritylierung oder Acetylierung die N‐substituierten Verbindungen (IIa) und (IIb).
The role of suppression of hepatic SCD1 expression in the metabolic effects of dietary methionine restriction (2017)

Dietary methionine restriction (MR) produces concurrent increases in energy intake and expenditure, but the proportionately larger increase in energy expenditure (EE) effectively limits weight gain and adipose tissue accretion over time. Increased hepatic fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF21) is essential to MR-dependent increases in EE, but it is unknown whether the downregulation of hepatic stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase-1 (SCD1) by MR could also be a contributing factor. Global deletion of SCD1 mimics cold exposure in mice housed at 23 °C by compromising the insular properties of the skin. The resulting cold stress increases EE, limits fat deposition, reduces hepatic lipids, and increases insulin sensitivity by activating thermoregulatory thermogenesis. To examine the efficacy of MR in the absence of SCD1 and without cold stress, the biological efficacy of MR in Scd1<sup>-/-</sup> mice housed near thermoneutrality (28 °C) was evaluated. Compared with wild-type mice on the control diet, Scd1<sup>-/-</sup> mice were leaner, had higher EE, lower hepatic and serum triglycerides, and lower serum leptin and insulin. Although dietary MR increased adipose tissue UCP1 expression, hepatic Fgf21 messenger RNA, 24 h EE, and reduced serum triglycerides in Scd1<sup>-/-</sup> mice, it failed to reduce adiposity or produce any further reduction in hepatic triglycerides, serum insulin, or serum leptin. These findings indicate that even when thermal stress is minimized, global deletion of SCD1 mimics and effectively masks many of the metabolic responses to dietary MR. However, the retention of several key effects of dietary MR in this model indicates that SCD1 is not a mediator of the biological effects of the diet.
(.eta.4-Butadiene)bis(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)thorium (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticle(.eta.4-Butadiene)bis(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)thoriumGerhard Erker, Thomas Muehlenbernd, Reinhard Benn, and Anna RufinskaCite this: Organometallics 1986, 5, 2, 402–404Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00133a043https://doi.org/10.1021/om00133a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views159Altmetric-Citations73LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Measurements of infrared frequency shifts in stressed polymers (1981)

Abstract A difference‐spectrum method is used to measure vibrational frequency shifts in mechanically stressed polymers. It is shown that the peak‐to‐peak height of the difference‐spectrum intensity profile is a linear function of small frequency shifts with a slope inversely proportional to the band halfwidth for Lorentzian or Gaussian bands. The method is applied to measure frequency shifts in uniaxially stressed ultraoriented isotactic polypropylene films, using a double beam infrared grating dispersion spectrometer with a nonstressed sample in the reference beam. It is shown that frequency shifts can be measured with an accuracy of better than 0.01 cm −1 using the difference‐spectrum method.
ChemInform Abstract: BLEIORGANYL‐SYNTH. 6. MITT. RK. VON DISTICKSTOFFTETROXID MIT BLEIORGANISCHEN VERBINDUNGEN (1973)

Abstract In Abhängigkeit vom verwendeten Lösungsmittel entsteht bei der Reaktion der Tetraalkylplumbane (I) mit Distickstofftetroxid (II) eines der Nitrate (III) und (IV) oder beide neben dem dimeren Nitrosoalkan (V).
Reduced expression of transcriptional intermediary factor 1 gamma promotes metastasis and indicates poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (2014)

TIF1γ regulates tumor growth and metastasis through inhibition of TGF-β/Smad signaling and may serve as a novel prognostic biomarker in HCC.