gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[An evaluation of complete denture with the EMG of masseter in chewing cycle]. (1995)

The aim of this investigation was to study the EMG of masseter of edentulous patients in chewing cycle. 18 subjects were examined by Disa-2000M Neuro-electromyograph. It was found that the period of chewing cycle of the patients with complete denture was distinctly longer than that of normal people, and the change of the duration prolongs the time phases. The velocity was relatively slow when trying to keep the stability of dentures. The amplitude of potential in masseter was lower in chewing cycle, but it did not affect the function of mastication. The abnormal pause after occlusal contact of denture had an influence on the function of mastication.
Prenatal diagnosis of congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia. (1993)

Congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia can be diagnosed prenatally. Treatment in early infancy can lead to normal mental and physical development.
Nicotine self‐administration reverses cognitive deficits in a rat model for schizophrenia (2017)

High comorbidity between schizophrenia and tobacco addiction has been well established. Explanatory theories include nicotine as a cognitive enhancer ameliorating symptoms of schizophrenia and underlying shared substrates increasing susceptibility to addiction in these individuals. To test these non-mutually exclusive theories, the maternal immune activation (MIA) model was utilized. To this end, pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were subcutaneously injected with a bacterial endotoxin, lipopolysaccharide (0.5 mg/kg), on gestation days 10 and 11. Selective attention and working memory in adult male offspring were subsequently assessed using the latent inhibition and delayed non-matching to sample paradigms both before and after nicotine or saline self-administration. MIA led to deficits in both latent inhibition and delayed non-matching to sample in male offspring. Further, these animals showed a small but significantly increased responding for nicotine during self-administration acquisition, although there was no difference in dose-response effect or in progressive ratio testing. However, nicotine, but not saline self-administration, significantly ameliorated the cognitive deficits induced by MIA. While the male offspring of mothers prenatally exposed to lipopolysaccharide was only slightly more sensitive to the reinforcing effects of nicotine, after self-administration, the MIA-induced cognitive deficits significantly improved. These data lend support for the self-medication hypothesis of schizophrenia.
Position effect variegation in <i>Drosophila</i>: Towards a genetics of chromatin assembly (1989)

The formation of a highly condensed chromosome structure (heterochromatin) in a region of a eukaryotic chromosome can inactivate the genes within that region. Genetic studies using the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster have identified several essential genes which influence the formation of heterochromatin. My purpose in this review is to summarize some recent work on the genetics of heterochromatin assembly in Drosophila and a recent model for how chromosomal proteins may interact to form a heterochromatic structure.
5세 조기취학 아동의 적응도 연구 (1998)

본 연구는 만 5세 조기취학 아동과 만 6세 정상취학 아동을 대상으로 지능, 사고력 및 사회 · 정서 발달 정도를 비교하고, 초등학교 조기취학 제도에 대한 학부모와 교사의 의견을 분석하였다. 연구 결과 5세 아동과 5세 아동의 지능 및 언어이해력, 수학적 사고력, 시각기억력과 같은 기초적 사고력은 차이가 없었으나, 원리를 추론하고 논리적으로 표현하는 등의 고차적 사고력은 5세 조기취학 아동에 비해 6세 정상취학 아동이 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 조기취학 제도에 대한 교사들의 의견은 부정적이었다.
Aggregation of Nile Red in Water: Prevention through Encapsulation in β-Cyclodextrin (2019)

The present work, based on various spectroscopic investigations, vividly demonstrates the self-association of Nile red (NR) in aqueous medium. The rapid decrease in the absorbance as well as emission of NR in water bears the signature of the aggregation process. Appearance of a new blue-shifted absorption band in addition to the original one and a drastic decrease in the emission intensity imply that the aggregation is of H-type. Poor solubility of NR in water, hydrophobic interaction, and the planar structure of the dye are ascribed to favor the formation of the aggregate in the aqueous medium. Absorption-based kinetic studies reveal the aggregation process to be second order, thereby establishing the aggregate to be a dimer. Similar kinetic profiles of the absorbance of NR in the presence and absence of light confirm that the aggregation process is not photoassisted. The presence of an isosbestic point in the absorbance spectra and an isoemissive point in the time-resolved area normalized emission spectra bears the evidence of equilibrium between the dimeric and the monomeric species of NR in the ground state as well as in the photoexcited state. Encapsulation of the monomer of NR within the hydrophobic cavity of β-cyclodextrin is demonstrated to prevent the aggregation process.
Group leaders' meeting, February 15, 1954 (1954)

Present: J. W. Forrester, D. R. Brown, S. H. Dodd, R. R. Everett,, J. C. Proctor, N. H. Taylor, C. R. Weiser, P. Youtz, and for Item 2, J. B. Bennett, H. D. Bennington, W. N. Papian, J. R. Freeman, K. E. KcVicar, R. A. Nelson
Analysis and Solution of CNN Accuracy Reduction over Channel Loop Tiling (2020)

Owing to the growth of the size of convolutional neural networks (CNNs), quantization and loop tiling (also called loop breaking) are mandatory to implement CNN on an embedded system. However, channel loop tiling of quantized CNNs induces unexpected errors. We explain why channel loop tiling of quantized CNNs induces the unexpected errors, and how the errors affect the accuracy of state-of-the-art CNNs. We also propose a method to recover accuracy under channel tiling by compressing and decompressing the most-significant bits of partial sums. Using the proposed method, we can recover accuracy by 12.3% with only 1% circuit area overhead and an additional 2% of power consumption.
CA 125 - Epitopes and Molecular Size (1998)

CA 125 has two main immunogenic areas reactive with mouse and rat monoclonal antibodies. These areas are defined by the antibodies OC 125 and M11, respectively. Antibodies related to the main groups are named OC 125-like and M 11-like antibodies. The OC 125-like antibodies can be subgrouped into four sets, whereas the M 11-like antibodies segregate into many closely related binding specificities. One M 11-like antibody, ZR38, is not fully inhibited by any other M 11-like antibody and therefore represents a distinct subgroup. A single antibody, OV 197, is related to some OC 125-like antibodies, but not to OC 125. However, OC 125 enhances binding of OV 197 to its epitope. A new antibody, 7C 12, induces conformation changes, affecting binding of some M 11-like and some OC 125-like antibodies. CA 125 exists as very large molecules that can be partly disrupted by SDS and heat. The form found in serum might be a degradation product from a larger molecule found in the abdominal and other serous cavities.
Broad TCR repertoire and diverse structural solutions for recognition of an immunodominant CD8+ T cell epitope (2018)

A keystone of antiviral immunity is CD8 T-cell recognition of viral peptides bound to MHC-I proteins. The recognition mode of individual T cell receptors (TCRs) has been studied in some detail, but the extent of TCR variation in the response to a viral antigen is unclear. The influenza M1 epitope is an immunodominant target of CD8 T cells helping to control influenza in HLA-A2&#43; individuals. Here, we show that thousands of different TCRs are used by CD8 T cells to recognize HLA-A2/M1, encoding different structural solutions to the problem of specifically recognizing a relatively featureless peptide antigen previously thought to greatly constrain TCR selection. The vast majority of responding TCRs targets a small cleft between the peptide and MHC. These broad repertoires lead to plasticity in antigen recognition and protection against T cell clonal loss and viral escape.
Positional distribution of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids on egg lecithin (1959)

A method is described to determine the position of fatty acids on lecithin. Purified egg lecithin is enzymatically hydrolyzed to the corresponding mixture of α,β-diglycerides with lecithinase D. Myristic acid is incorporated into the α' position of the diglycerides and the resulting triglycerides are hydrolyzed with pancreatic lipase, which specifically cleaves fatty acids from the α and α` positions. Palmitic, myristic, and stearic acids were freed by the pancreatic lipase, proving that the saturated acids are on the α' position, while the unsaturated fatty acids occupy the β position of egg lecithin. Since snake venom lecithinase A removes the unsaturated acids from lecithin, the site of hydrolysis must be at the β position of lecithin.
Magnetic Metamaterials as 1-D Data Transfer Channels: An Application for Magneto-Inductive Waves (2010)

Magneto-inductive waves are a form of propagation that only exists in certain types of magnetic metamaterials formed from inductively coupled resonant circuits. These waves are candidates for forming a contactless data channel between suitably designed devices. This paper reports on an investigation into the data carrying capacity of these novel channels in one dimension from both an analytical and experimental perspective. The derivation of a simple analytical model for both channel and resonating terminals is presented based on simple circuit theory. Resonating terminals are found to have potential as efficient transducers of magneto-inductive waves. A simple demonstration device is constructed from copper rings and lumped-element capacitors. Experimental data capacities, determined from experimental data, are of the order of 60 Mb/s for signal-to-noise levels (SNR = 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sup> ) measured in the experiments. It is found that an optimum coupling strength exists for the most efficient excitation magneto-inductive waves in the device, and this leads to an understanding of the limits on the coupling and the eventual data capacity in terms of the interresonator coupling. The conclusion is that the optimal coupling for a resonating terminal will be approximately twice the interresonators coupling in the waveguide for 1-D structures and four times for 2-D devices.
Fault-Tolerant Computing (1980)

Critical computer applications will grow explosively in the next decade, demanding systems that are reliable and available. Fault tolerance provides the tools to build such systems.
THE ACTION OF ORGANIC ACIDS UPON NITRILS.<sup>1</sup> (1898)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE ACTION OF ORGANIC ACIDS UPON NITRILS.1John Alexander MathewsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1898, 20, 9, 648–668Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1898Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1898https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja02071a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ja02071a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views230Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Frost Injury and Heterogeneous Ice Nucleation in Leaves of Tuber-Bearing <i>Solanum</i> Species (1983)

The heterogeneous ice nucleation characteristics and frost injury in supercooled leaves upon ice formation were studied in nonhardened and cold-hardened species and crosses of tuber-bearing Solanum. The ice nucleation activity of the leaves was low at temperatures just below 0 degrees C and further decreased as a result of cold acclimation. In the absence of supercooling, the nonhardened and cold-hardened leaves tolerated extracellular freezing between -3.5 degrees and -8.5 degrees C. However, if ice initiation in the supercooled leaves occurred at any temperature below -2.6 degrees C, the leaves were lethally injured.To prevent supercooling in these leaves, various nucleants were tested for their ice nucleating ability. One% aqueous suspensions of fluorophlogopite and acetoacetanilide were found to be effective in ice nucleation of the Solanum leaves above -1 degrees C. They had threshold temperatures of -0.7 degrees and -0.8 degrees C, respectively, for freezing in distilled H(2)O. Although freezing could be initiated in the Solanum leaves above -1 degrees C with both the nucleants, 1% aqueous fluorophlogopite suspension showed overall higher ice nucleation activity than acetoacetanilide and was nontoxic to the leaves. The cold-hardened leaves survived between -2.5 degrees and -6.5 degrees using 1% aqueous fluorophlogopite suspension as a nucleant. The killing temperatures in the cold-hardened leaves were similar to those determined using ice as a nucleant. However, in the nonhardened leaves, use of fluorophlogopite as a nucleant resulted in lethal injury at higher temperatures than those estimated using ice as a nucleant.
Rabies: 2015 Update (2015)

Rabies is an almost universally fatal viral disease transmitted to humans primarily by bites and scratches from infected animals, and less commonly through other routes, including transplantation of infected organs, exposure to infected neural tissue, and possibly through airborne and aerosolized routes. This disease is endemic to all continents worldwide except Antarctica, and only a few islands elsewhere can be considered "rabies free." Special Operations Forces medical providers should be aware of this disease. Prevention and recognition of risk are key due to its extreme lethality.
Long-lasting Phosphorescence of Tb~(3+) Doped MO (M=Ca,Sr) (2005)

Luminescence of Tb3+ doped MO (M=Ca,Sr) were investigated. Photoluminescence of MO:Tb3+ (M=Ca, Sr) is due to the 5D4,3-7FJ transitions of Tb3+ ions. Under UV light irradiation, the strongest luminescence peak of SrO:Tb3+ located at 543 nm while the CaO:Tb3+ located at 550 nm. Long-lasting phosphorescence of MO:Tb3+ (M= Ca,Sr) were also observed with naked eye even after the 254 nm UV irradiation have been removed. Thermolumi- nescence (TL) spectra revealed that the incorporation of the Tb3+ formed a highly dense trapping level located at a suitable depth in relation to the thermal release rate at RT to creat the long-lasting phosphorescence.
<title>On-chip dome-shape spiral micro-inductor for high-frequency applications</title> (2002)

This work reports a new approach to fabricate spiral on-chip inductors with suspended dome-shape metal tracks. The new fabrication techniques are aimed at reduction of substrate losses by fabrication of spiral metal tracks on top of a sacrificial polymeric dome so that the inductor is suspended in the air when the dome is finally removed. In addition, the reduction of fringing capacitance between the spiral metal tracks is expected since the tracks sidewalls are not fully overlap to each other. Dome-shape spiral inductors made of copper were demonstrated. Currently, high-frequency characterizations of these inductors are under way.
On Improved Generalization of 5-State Hidden Markov Model-based Internet Traffic Classifiers (2013)

The multitude of services delivered over the Internet would have been difficult to fathom 40 years ago when much of the initial design was being undertaken. As a consequence, the resulting architecture did not make provisions for differentiating between, and managing the potentially conflicting requirements of different types of services such as real-time voice communication and peer-to-peer file sharing. This shortcoming has resulted in a situation whereby services with conflicting requirements often interfere with each other and ultimately decrease the effectiveness of the Internet as an enabler of new and transformative services. The ability to passively identify different types of Internet traffic then would address this shortcoming and enable effective management of conflicting types of services, in addition to facilitating a better understanding of how the Internet is used in general. Recent attempts at developing such techniques have shown promising results in simulation environments but perform considerably worse when deployed into real-world scenarios. One possible reason for this descrepancy can be attributed to the implicit assumption shared by recent approaches regarding the degree of similarity between the many networks which comprise the Internet. This thesis quantifies the degradation in performance which can be expected when such an assumption is violated as well as demonstrating alternative classification techniques which are less sensitive to such violations.
Analysis of a Modified Feedback Control Technique for Suppressing Electrical Alternans in Cardiac Tissue (2007)

Alternans is an abnormal cardiac rhythm in which action potential duration alternates from beat-to-beat. In order for an implanted pacemaker to successfully seize control of the heart rhythm, its electrical stimuli have to be carefully timed relative to the firing of the heart’s specialized pacemaker cells. In this manuscript, we use mathematical techniques to analyze a novel feedback control algorithm for suppressing alternans. We model the cardiac rhythm and the effect of the controller using a system of two nonlinear difference equations. Our analysis reveals that it is often advantageous not to allow the pacemaker to intervene in every beat when attempting to control alternans.
Avian influenza A H5N1 infections in cats (2008)

Although cats had been considered resistant to disease from influenza virus infection, domestic cats and large felids are now known to be naturally und experimentally susceptible to infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 (HPAIV H5N1). The virus causes systemic infection, lung and liver being the mainly affected organs. Infected cats show fever, depression, dyspnoea, and neurological signs, but subclinical infections have also occurred. Mostly, cats have been infected by direct contact with affected birds, especially by eating raw poultry; transmission from cat to cat may also occur. Little is known about the role of cats in the epidemiology of the virus. So far, no reassortment between avian and mammalian influenza viruses has occurred in cats, but experts fear that cats might give the virus an opportunity to adapt to mammals. This publication gives a review on avian influenza in cats with a focus on practical aspects for veterinarians.
Collagen aggregation phenomena (1966)

Abstract Three processes by which tropocollagen units associate to yield highly specific aggregates have been examined. From the temperature coefficients of the amounts aggregated it is concluded that the complex “native” aggregation is endothermic, whereas both end‐to‐end and lateral aggregation are exothermic. These results combined with additional information lead to the conclusion that “native” aggregation is an entropy‐driven process in which hydrophobic bonding plays the dominant role. In contrast the reactions producing the lateral aggregate and the aggregate in which end‐to‐end bonding is dominant are electrostatically governed.
Effect of temporal envelope smearing on speech reception (1994)

The effect of smearing the temporal envelope on the speech-reception threshold (SRT) for sentences in noise and on phoneme identification was investigated for normal-hearing listeners. For this purpose, the speech signal was split up into a series of frequency bands (width of 1/4, 1/2, or 1 oct) and the amplitude envelope for each band was low-pass filtered at cutoff frequencies of 0, 1/2, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, or 64 Hz. Results for 36 subjects show (1) a severe reduction in sentence intelligibility for narrow processing bands at low cutoff frequencies (0-2 Hz); and (2) a marginal contribution of modulation frequencies above 16 Hz to the intelligibility of sentences (provided that lower modulation frequencies are completely present). For cutoff frequencies above 4 Hz, the SRT appears to be independent of the frequency bandwidth upon which envelope filtering takes place. Vowel and consonant identification with nonsense syllables were studied for cutoff frequencies of 0, 2, 4, 8, or 16 Hz in 1/4-oct bands. Results for 24 subjects indicate that consonants are more affected than vowels. Errors in vowel identification mainly consist of reduced recognition of diphthongs and of confusions between long and short vowels. In case of consonant recognition, stops appear to suffer most, with confusion patterns depending on the position in the syllable (initial, medial, or final).
Influence of alumina on the properties of continuous basalt fibers (2009)

We study the influence of alumina percentage on fundamental properties (structure and crystallization) and applied properties (temperature range of manufacturing and strength) of basalt glasses and continuous basalt fibers (CBFs) on their base. Crystallization of high-alumina glasses and CBFs occurs in three steps. First, magnetite crystallizes, serving as nuclei for subsequent crystallization of augite mineral. Above 900°C, anorthite is the major crystallization product. For low-alumina fibers, augite is the major crystallization product. Fibers and glasses having high alumina percentages have the highest resistance to crystallization. IR spectroscopy showed that the structural connectivity of glasses and fibers increases with increasing alumina percentage. The breaking strength of fibers varies within 1.7–2.5 GPa, increasing with Al2O3 percentage.