gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The amyloid β‐protein precursor of Alzheimer's disease is degraded extracellularly by a Kunitz protease inhibitor domain‐sensitive trypsin‐like serine protease in cultures of chick sympathetic neurons (1999)

The amyloid beta-protein precursor (APP) of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is cleaved either by alpha-secretase to generate an N-terminally secreted fragment, or by beta- and gamma-secretases to generate the beta-amyloid protein (Abeta). The accumulation of Abeta in the brain is an important step in the pathogenesis of AD. Alternative mRNA splicing can generate isoforms of APP which contain a Kunitz protease inhibitor (KPI) domain. However, little is known about the physiological function of this domain. In the present study, the metabolic turnover of APP was examined in cultured chick sympathetic neurons. APP was labelled by incubating neurons for 5 h with [35S]methionine and [35S]cysteine. Intracellular labelled APP decayed in a biphasic pattern suggesting that trafficking occurs through two metabolic compartments. The half-lives for APP in each compartment were 1.5 and 5.7 h, respectively. A small fraction (10%) of the total APP was secreted into the culture medium where it was degraded with a half-life of 9 h. Studies using specific protease inhibitors demonstrated that this extracellular breakdown was due to cleavage by a trypsin-like serine protease that was secreted into the culture medium. Significantly, this protease was inhibited by a recombinant isoform of APP (sAPP751), which contains a region homologous to the Kunitz protease inhibitor (KPI) domain. These results suggest that KPI forms of APP regulate extracellular cleavage of secreted APP by inhibiting the activity of a secreted APP-degrading protease.
Reactive collision dynamics by far wing laser scattering: Mg+H2 (1986)

We have measured the far wing absorption profiles of the MgH2 collision system leading to both the nonreactive formation of Mg* and into two distinct final rotational states of the reaction product MgH (v″=0, J″=6, 23). We have observed qualitatively expected behavior including a pronounced red wing in the reactive absorption profile indicating strong reaction probability on the excited attractive potential surfaces. We have also observed novel aspects of the excited state dynamics including reactive vs nonreactive channel competition effects and a strong far blue wing reactive absorption suggesting significant reaction probability even for trajectories on the repulsive surfaces. We have developed a simple theoretical model to semiquantitatively explain our experimental results. This model uses standard quasistatic theory to estimate the absorption probability as a function of detuning between levels of MgH2 and with assumed nonreactive vs reactive branching ratios, accounts for the subsequent evolution on the excited potential surfaces. This theory correctly predicts the overall shapes of the profiles and in general gives reasonable predictions for the relative magnitudes of the wing intensities.
The solution behavior of poly‐<scp>L</scp>‐proline: II. Fluorescence behavior of labeled polyproline in water and conentrated aqueous neutral salt solytions (1973)

Abstract Fluorescence depolarization experiments performed on labaled poly‐ L ‐proline Forme II suggest the occurrence of aggrgation in water while 6 M guanidinium‐HCl induces dissociation. The solvent 4 M CaCl 2 results in a reduction of polymer structural orgganization. These findings corroborate suggestion of polyproline aggregation and solution behavior in aqueous neutral salt solytion (see preceding article).
<title>Novel self-oscillating anemometer with capacitance-based sensing</title> (2000)

In this paper, the feasibility of a self-oscillating anemometer is examined. A 2D numerical study of a novel self-oscillating anemometer that can be fabricated using micromachining techniques is performed. The device is essentially a square cylinder suspended in the fluid flow by a fixed beam. The flow velocity can be easily measured by determining the frequency of oscillation obtained from capacitance sensing. Anemometer with different length scales can be fabricated to enable different ranges of velocities to be measured.
Magnetic Field Dependence of Acoustic Attenuation in Uniaxially Compressed Sb Doped Ge (1980)

The magnetic field effect on acoustic attenuation in lightly Sb-doped Ge was measured at liquid He temperatures under uniaxial stress. The direction of the uniaxial stress was in parallel with that of the magnetic field. The attenuation of 1 GHz acoustic waves was measured as a function of the magnetic field up to 60 kG under fixed uniaxial stress. The experimental results were compared with the theory, in which it is shown that the attenuation is caused by the relaxation of the system into an instantaneous local thermal equilibrium by the acoustic waves under the consideration of' the influence on the donor wave function of each valley by the uniaxial stress and the magnetic field. It was found that the effect of the magnetic field is far larger than that of the present theory (i.e., the Zeeman effect).
General theory and comparative anatomy of dip moveout (1990)

Abstract It is possible to derive a general formula for con-stant-velocity, two-dimensional dip moveout (DMO). This serves to unify the many published forms of DMO. Known results for common-offset and shot profile DMO are special cases of the general formula. The analysis is based on the dip-corrected NMO equation, and thus is a kinematic DMO theory.Using a logarithmic stretch of the time axis, efficient fast Fourier transform (FFT) common-offset DMO algorithms can be derived. In the published versions, log variables are introduced into the NMO equation. It can be shown that the resulting impulse response departs from the DMO ellipse, which means that some dips have been improperly handled. A new log-stretch formulation (exact log DMO) which preserves the DMO ellipse can be derived by starting with the analytic impulse response, rather than the NMO equation.Tests on field data indicate that exact log DMO handles shallow, steeply dipping events in agreement with Hale's DMO, while the other log-stretch algorithms degrade these events. In situations where constant-velocity DMO is viable, exact log DMO can be used to create a Hale-quality image at FFT speed.
Development of an efficient method to produce uniformly haploid parthenogenones (1999)

Bovine ovaries (paired by cow) were obtained from a local abattoir and cumulus oocyte complexes were aspirated within six hours of slaughter. Two methods for activation [(1) calcium ionophore (ionomycin) alone (n = 191); and (2) ionomycin followed by the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide (n = 207)] were evaluated for production of bovine parthenogenones. Activation with ionomycin alone resulted in a development rate of 33%, while activation with ionomycin and cycloheximide sequentially resulted in a development rate to two-cell stage of 49%. A procedure was developed to expedite accurate evaluation of activated oocytes for uniformly haploid development. Uniformly haploid parthenogenones that cleaved at least once in four days of in vitro culture were individually prepared for genetic analysis. Three techniques: (1) phosphate buffered saline; (2) TL-HEPES with 0.2% ovine serum albumin; and (3) TL-HEPES with 0.2% polyvinyl pyrrolidone were compared to harvest parthenogenones for genetic analysis. The only effective method that did not create spurious results during later genetic analysis was TL-HEPES with 0.2% polyvinyl pyrrolidone. Based on the results of this study, we estimate that an average of 5–7 uniformly haploid bovine parthenogenones can be realized from each donor (using pairs of ovaries). These parthenogenones, when maintained as family units, will be valuable for accomplishment of female-specific genetic linkage analysis. J. Exp. Zool. 284:112–118, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
A Novel CDS-Based Routing Protocol for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks in Urban Environments (2015)

International audience
INTERACTIONS AND PHOTOREACTIVITY OF 5‐ALKOXYPSORALENS WITH THYMINE. A MODEL APPROACH (1988)

Abstract— In order to investigate the interactions and the photoreactions in solution between the thymine (thy) and the psoralen (Pso) rings, we have prepared model compounds Thy‐(CH 2 ) n ‐Pso in which two aromatic chromophores Thy and Pso are linked by flexible polymethylene chains of varying length (CH 2 ) n . Two series of compounds were examined and compared as models for the two important drugs 5‐methoxypsoralen and 8‐methoxypsoralen. Results concerning the 5‐alkoxypsoralen series are reported here. In water, these model molecules exhibit intramolecular ring‐ring stacking interactions as indicated by hypochromism in the UV and by shielding of the protons in 1 H NMR spectroscopy. These interactions disappear in organic solvents. The photochemical properties of the models were examined in relation with their ground state interaction properties. Irradiation at 365 nm carried out at the usual concentrations (10 ‐2 ‐10 ‐3 M) leads exclusively to a stereoselective dimerization involving the psoralen moieties of the models at the 3,4 double bonds. However, when operating at exceedingly low concentrations (2 × 10 ‐5 M ), the psoralen photodimerization is avoided and a highly regio and stereo‐selective psoralen thymine photoaddition is observed involving the 3,4 double bond of psoralen leading to the cis adduct. The same reaction occurs for all models under study being independent of the length of the (CH 2 ) n polymethylene linking chain, n = 2 to 6, 12 and of the solvent used. This is unambiguous proof for the highest intrinsic photoreactivity of the 3,4 vs the 4′,5′ double bond in 5‐alkoxy psoralen.
Compact meander slot microstrip antenna with suppressed harmonics (2004)

A novel compact meander slot microstrip antenna is proposed, to achieve miniaturization of the antenna and suppression of harmonics. To obtain these characteristics, a meander typed slot radiator and open-ended T-shaped conductor line located in the meander slot are used. The size of the antenna is 6.7/spl times/4.15 mm at a center frequency of 5.3 GHz, and the measured real parts of the input impedance at the second and third harmonic frequencies are nearly zero. From measured radiation E-plane patterns, both the second and third harmonic suppression are approximately less than -30 dB. In the H-plane, the second and third harmonic suppression are observed approximately less than -30 and -35 dB, respectively.
Cost-effectiveness of double-contrast barium enema in screening for colorectal cancer. (1998)

Cost-effectiveness of double-contrast barium enema in screening for colorectal cancer.S Glick, J L Wagner and C D JohnsonAudio Available | Share
Small organometallic compounds as antibacterial agents (2012)

The emergence of bacterial resistance to commercial antibiotics is an issue of global importance. During the last two decades, the number of antibacterial agents that have been discovered and introduced into the market has steadily declined and failed to meet the challenges posed by rapidly increasing resistance of the pathogens against common antibacterial drugs. The development of new classes of compounds to control the virulence of the pathogens is therefore urgently required. This perspective describes the historical development in brief and recent advances on the preparation of small organometallic compounds as new classes of antibacterial agents with potential for clinical development.
A truncated polynomial interpolation theorem and its application to the WLS design of IIR filters (2003)

In this paper, we propose a simple method to find the optimal rational function, with a fixed denominator, which minimizes the integral of the polynomially weighted squared error to a given analytic function. Firstly, we present a generalization of the Walsh's theorem. By using the knowledge on the zeros of the fixed denominator, this theorem characterizes the optimal rational function with a system of linear equations on the coefficients of its numerator polynomial. Moreover when the analytic function is specially given as a polynomial, we show that the optimal numerator can be derived without using any numerical integration or any root finding technique. Numerical examples demonstrate the practical applicability of the proposed method.
Feature grouping in moving objects (2002)

We address the problem of grouping points or features common to a single object. In this paper we consider the processing of a sequence of two-dimensional orthogonal projections of a three-dimensional scene containing an unknown number of independently-moving rigid objects. We describe a computationally inexpensive algorithm that can determine the number of bodies and which points belong to which body. >
Altered expression of glycosaminoglycans in metastatic 13762NF rat mammary adenocarcinoma cells (1987)

A difference in the expression and metabolism of sulfated glycosaminoglycans between rat mammary tumor cells derived from a primary tumor and those from its metastatic lesions has been observed. Cells from the primary tumor possessed about equal quantities of chondroitin sulfate and heparan sulfate on their cell surfaces but released fourfold more chondroitin sulfate than heparan sulfate into their medium. In contrast, cells from distal metastatic lesions expressed approximately 5 times more heparan sulfate than chondroitin sulfate in both medium and cell surface fractions. This was observed to be the result of differential synthesis of the glycosaminoglycans and not of major structural alterations of the individual glycosaminoglycans. The degree of sulfation and size of heparan sulfate were similar for all cells examined. However, chondroitin sulfate, observed to be only chondroitin 4-sulfate, from the metastases-derived cells had a smaller average molecular weight on gel filtration chromatography and showed a decreased quantity of sulfated disaccharides upon degradation with chondroitin ABC lyase compared to the primary tumor derived cells. Major qualitative or quantitative alterations were not observed for hyaluronic acid among the various 13762NF cells. The metabolism of newly synthesized sulfated glycosaminoglycans was also different between cells from primary tumor and metastases. Cells from the primary tumor continued to accumulate glycosaminoglycans in their medium over a 72-h period, while the accumulation of sulfated glycosaminoglycans in the medium of metastases-derived cells showed a plateau after 18-24 h. A pulse-chase kinetics study demonstrated that both heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate were degraded by the metastases-derived cells, whereas the primary tumor derived cells degraded only heparan sulfate and degraded it at a slower rate.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Antibody Response of Hamsters to A2/Hong Kong Virus Vaccine after Priming by Heterotypic Virus Infection (1973)

Hamsters previously infected with influenza virus A1/FM/1/47 produced serum hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody in response to 1/100 the antigenic dose of inactivated influenza virus A2/Hong Kong vaccine necessary to induce antibody in normal animals. This priming effect was believed to be due to the virus infection which caused an immune response to a virus antigen common to both the infecting virus and the virus vaccine; this antigen acted as a carrier for the specific vaccine virus hemagglutinin and potentiated the immune response to the new antigen. This theory, which has been established in other immune systems, was tested, and the results obtained did not contradict the conditions imposed in the above explanation. Thus, the priming effect could be transferred to normal hamsters by inoculation of spleen cells from virus-infected animals, and the HI antibody response to the virus vaccine was characteristic of a secondary response. The theory also required that the new antigen be coupled to the carrier protein; however, primed hamsters produced serum HI antibody after inoculation with ether-Tween-split virus vaccine, but there was no proof that this vaccine was completely dissociated.
Phase and amplitude beam shaping with intelligent input plane and Fourier plane phase modifications (2018)

We find that ideas in optical image encryption can be very useful for adaptive optics in achieving simultaneous phase and amplitude shaping of a laser beam. An adaptive optics system with simultaneous phase and amplitude shaping ability is very desirable for atmospheric turbulence compensation. Atmospheric turbulence induced beam distortions can jeopardize the effectiveness of optical power delivery for directed energy systems and optical information delivery for free space optical communication systems. In this manuscript, a prototype adaptive optics system is proposed based on a famous image encryption structure. The major change is to replace the two random phase plates at the input plane and Fourier plane of the encryption system, respectively, with two deformable mirrors that perform on-demand phase modulations. A Gaussian beam is used as an input to replace the conventional image input. We show through theory, simulation and experiments that the slightly modified image encryption system can be used to achieve arbitrary phase and amplitude beam shaping within the stroke limits of the deformable mirrors. In application, the proposed technique can be used to perform mode conversion between optical beams, generate structured light signals for imaging and scanning, and compensate atmospheric turbulence induced phase and amplitude beam distortions.
Hydrogen cyanide chemistry. III. Synthesis of diiminosuccinonitrile and its conversion to diaminomaleonitrile (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydrogen cyanide chemistry. III. Synthesis of diiminosuccinonitrile and its conversion to diaminomaleonitrileO. W. Webster, D. R. Hartter, R. W. Begland, W. A. Sheppard, and A. CairncrossCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1972, 37, 25, 4133–4136Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00798a037https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00798a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1324Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Investigating a design pattern to support personalized human computer interaction (2015)

For many interaction designers, human-computer interaction is a kind of human communication, in which the computer acts as an agent of the designer. When successful, users can communicate with the computer in an effective way. To this end, interaction design is really about how to support the way people communicate and interact in their everyday and working lives. A key challenge for human computer interaction design is to support a natural and intuitive interaction between the user and computer.
In this thesis, we propose an interaction design method: Interaction Language Design Pattern (ILDP) which focuses on allowing users to personalize their interaction. Different to existing interaction design methods, which aim to provide a designed interaction model, the ILDP centers on forming an effective way of customizing interactions – producing an interaction language to do so.
In order to create this interaction language to support effective interactions between human and computer, the key components and basic structure of language are discussed. The application of the interaction language is described by giving a comprehensive design guide. The quality of the human computer interactions is evaluated using two prototype studies. The first, paper prototype, study focuses on usability testing. The second, Hi-Fi prototype is created for a user experience study. According to the result of evaluation, personalizing interactions can help users improve their experiences. The findings show that this method is effective at supporting the personalization of interaction.
A Monte Carlo study on the size dependence in hydrophobic hydration (1981)

Monte Carlo calculations have been carried out with the Metropolis method for two systems each containing 63 ST-2 water and one Lennard-Jones solute in NVT ensemble at 298.15 K and 18.07 cm3 mol−1. The solutes chosen approximately simulate ethane and pentane. The internal energy and various distribution functions have been calculated and their results enable us, when combined with the previous study on methane and isobutane solutions, to examine the solute size dependence of hydrophobic hydration. Although energetic stabilization and structuration of water due to the introduction of a nonpolar solute have been shown to exist for all of the four solutions studied, they do not change monotonically with the size of solute. A long MC run has also been done for an aqueous methane solution to check the convergence characteristics of the present calculation.
Should Continuous Infusion 5-Fluorouracil Become the Standard of Care in the USA as It Is in Europe? (2006)

The mechanism of action of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and its pharmacologic behavior are influenced by its mode of administration. Several clinical studies have been conducted with the purpose of evaluating the difference between the continuous (CI 5-FU) and the bolus infusion of 5-FU (BI 5-FU). We focus our review on the studies relevant to the treatment of colorectal cancer, both in the adjuvant and metastatic setting. While individual trials fail to show a survival benefit for CI 5-FU, a meta-analyses of 7 trials shows an improvement in overall survival (OS) over BI 5-FU in metastatic colorectal cancer treatment. All trials in the same setting reveal a different toxicity profile for CI 5-FU that is generally more favorable than BI 5-FU. In the adjuvant setting, CI 5-FU allows the duration of therapy to be shortened by half without compromising the efficacy. CI 5-FU is the regimen of choice when given concurrently with radiation. When given in combination with other cytotoxic agents, CI 5-FU seems to be associated with less toxicity and potentially higher efficacy. Oral fluoropyrimidines, especially capecitabine, appear to behave in similar manner to CI 5-FU and may offer a convenient alternative to the usage of infusion pumps and indwelling catheters. While clinical trials are ongoing to compare capecitabine to CI 5-FU, we believe that CI 5-FU should be offered to patients in the United States given its favorable toxicity profile and higher efficacy in several settings.