gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bouncer (2008)

Attackers exploit software vulnerabilities to control or crash programs. Bouncer uses existing software instrumentation techniques to detect attacks and it generates filters automatically to block exploits of the target vulnerabilities. The filters are deployed automatically by instrumenting system calls to drop exploit messages. These filters introduce low overhead and they allow programs to keep running correctly under attack. Previous work computes filters using symbolic execution along the path taken by a sample exploit, but attackers can bypass these filters by generating exploits that follow a different execution path. Bouncer introduces three techniques to generalize filters so that they are harder to bypass: a new form of program slicing that uses a combination of static and dynamic analysis to remove unnecessary conditions from the filter; symbolic summaries for common library functions that characterize their behavior succinctly as a set of conditions on the input; and generation of alternative exploits guided by symbolic execution. Bouncer filters have low overhead, they do not have false positives by design, and our results show that Bouncer can generate filters that block all exploits of some real-world vulnerabilities.
Model calculation of the optical susceptibilities taking account of the spatial dispersion of nonlinearity in nonlinear spectroscopy of solutions of chiral molecules (1995)

A semiclassical oscillator model, proposed for the interaction of light with complex chiral molecules, takes account of the spatial dispersion of the susceptibility nonlinearity. The components of the macroscopic tensors of the nonlinear optical susceptibilities of the second, third, and fourth order are calculated for an isotropic gyrotropic medium. The calculation is accurate up to terms which are linear in respect of the spatial dispersion parameter and which describe respectively the sum-frequency generation, CARS (ωa = 2ω − ω1), and the process ωb = 3ω − ω1.
Precision adjustment of spring contacts using laser forming (2006)

Small-lot, precision electrical contact-containing devices frequently require manual adjustment of their contact gaps under a microscope; a time consuming, skilled operator-dependent procedure. Laser forming has been shown effective in bending ∼mm-thick, low strength, flat steel alloy stock and is evaluated herein as a high productivity, high precision alternative. The application discussed uses thin, high reflectivity, high conductivity, and high strength Neyoro-G™. Since laser forming requires thermal-gradient-induced non-homogeneous plastic strain, size-scale and material properties were of concern. Calculations employing simple models from the literature and a non-linear, transient finite element analysis (FEA) were used to evaluate feasibility and suggest laser processing parameters. The FEA model employed temperature-dependent mechanical properties; modeled both a scanned-spot and stationary bar-shaped source equal to the contact width; and used heat inputs chosen to promote through-thickness thermal gradients with peak temperatures at the Neyoro-G™ final heat treatment temperature (to avoid softening). Material properties, process parameters and initial and final material conditions are discussed and related to bi-directional bending behaviour. The bar-shaped heat source was found to be more effective both by modelling and in reality.
Molecular Compounds. II. Picric Acid-Naphthalene, Picric Acid-m-Dinitrobenzene and Picric Acid-1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene in Chloroform (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular Compounds. II. Picric Acid-Naphthalene, Picric Acid-m-Dinitrobenzene and Picric Acid-1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene in ChloroformSidney D. Ross and Irving KuntzCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 1, 74–76Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01630a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01630a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views210Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Dual Binding Site for Integration Host Factor and the Response Regulator CtrA inside the <i>Caulobacter crescentus</i> Replication Origin (2003)

The response regulator CtrA controls chromosome replication by binding to five sites, a, b, c, d, and e, inside the Caulobacter crescentus replication origin (Cori). In this study, we demonstrate that integration host factor (IHF) binds Cori over the central CtrA binding site c. Surprisingly, IHF and CtrA share DNA recognition sequences. Rather than promoting cooperative binding, IHF binding hinders CtrA binding to site c and nearby site d. Unlike other CtrA binding sites, DNA mutations in the CtrA c/IHF site uniquely impair autonomous Cori plasmid replication. These mutations also alter transcription from distant promoters more than 100 bp away. When the CtrA c/IHF site was deleted from the chromosome, these cells grew slowly and became selectively intolerant to a CtrA phosphor-mimic allele (D51E). Since CtrA protein concentration decreases during the cell cycle as IHF protein concentration increases, we propose a model in which IHF displaces CtrA in order to bend Cori and promote efficient chromosome replication.
Full-wave theory of a quasi-optical launching system for lower-hybrid waves: Preliminary results (1994)

Numerical studies on the use of an advanced launcher to couple lower‐hybrid waves to a plasma, for current drive in tokamaks, are currently under development. The study of the coupling has been carried out in a rigorous way, through the solution of the scattering from cylinders with parallel axes in the presence of a plane of discontinuity for electromagnetic constants. We present the general features of the proposed method together with preliminary results on launched spectra and coupled power.
Srs2: The “Odd-Job Man” in DNA repair (2010)

Homologous recombination plays a key role in the maintenance of genome integrity, especially during DNA replication and the repair of double-stranded DNA breaks (DSBs). Just a single un-repaired break can lead to aneuploidy, genetic aberrations or cell death. DSBs are caused by a vast number of both endogenous and exogenous agents including genotoxic chemicals or ionizing radiation, as well as through replication of a damaged template DNA or the replication fork collapse. It is essential for cell survival to recognise and process DSBs as well as other toxic intermediates and launch most appropriate repair mechanism. Many helicases have been implicated to play role in these processes, however their detail roles, specificities and co-operativity in the complex protein-protein interaction networks remain unclear. In this review we summarize the current knowledge about Saccharomyces cerevisiae helicase Srs2 and its effect on multiple DNA metabolic processes that generally affect genome stability. It would appear that Srs2 functions as an "Odd-Job Man" in these processes to make sure that the jobs proceed when and where they are needed.
Preimplant Atrial Defibrillation Testing with a Temporary Catheter in Sheep (1997)

Prior to implantation of an atrial defibrillator, its effectiveness should be tested in each patient. A new catheter design for temporary use with electrodes for atrial defibrillation, electrogram sensing, and pacing was tested in this study. Atrial defibrillation thresholds defined using this temporary catheter were compared to the ones defined by catheters intended for chronic use with an implantable atrial defibrillator. Atrial defibrillation threshold was determined in six sheep using both types of catheters. Each animal was subjected to studies on 2 consecutive days. On the first day, shocks were applied between two of the temporary catheters. On the following day, permanent leads were inserted and atrial defibrillation threshold was redetermined. In both cases, defibrillation electrodes were positioned in the same heart location with one electrode in the distal coronary sinus and the second electrode in the right atrium. Atrial defibrillation threshold was obtained using 10 V increments or decrements to determine the lowest shock intensity needed to defibrillate the atria. Threshold was defined as the shock intensity at which 20 shock percent success was at or between 15% and 85%. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference (P < 0.05) between atrial defibrillation threshold energy (0.53 J vs 0.55 J), voltage (122 V vs 120 V) or current (2.2 A vs 2.6 A) measured with the temporary catheters and the permanent leads, respectively. These data indicate that temporary catheters can be used for efficacy testing prior to implant of an atrial defibrillator, and that they predict atrial defibrillation threshold adequately for chronic leads.
Discovering Methodologies for Integrated Product Design (1998)

The current methodologies for multi-disciplinary product design are based on compromising between different disci plines rather than integrating them. These methodologies do not use a systematic and holistic approach to the problem of multi-disciplinary design and thus are piecemeal rather than comprehensive. This paper presents a new approach to pro ducing design methodologies for integration of the different disciplines in the design process. A multi-agent system has been developed that designs a 2-DOF robot arm by incorpo rating five proposed strategies for integration between disci plines. Design methodologies are extracted by tracking the system and generalizing the traces that are produced. The results show that the trace of the system provides invaluable information on how to improve the design process.
Transport and egress of herpes simplex virus in neurons (2007)

The mechanisms of axonal transport of the alphaherpesviruses, HSV and pseudorabies virus (PrV), in neuronal axons are of fundamental interest, particularly in comparison with other viruses, and offer potential sites for antiviral intervention or development of gene therapy vectors. These herpesviruses are transported rapidly along microtubules (MTs) in the retrograde direction from the axon terminus to the dorsal root ganglion and then anterogradely in the opposite direction. Retrograde transport follows fusion and deenvelopment of the viral capsid at the axonal membrane followed by loss of most of the tegument proteins and then binding of the capsid via one or more viral proteins (VPs) to the retrograde molecular motor dynein. The HSV capsid protein pUL35 has been shown to bind to the dynein light chain Tctex1 but is likely to be accompanied by additional dynein binding of an inner tegument protein. The mechanism of anterograde transport is much more controversial with different processes being claimed for PrV and HSV: separate transport of HSV capsid/tegument and glycoproteins versus PrV transport as an enveloped virion. The controversy has not been resolved despite application, in several laboratories, of confocal microscopy (CFM), real-time fluorescence with viruses dual labelled on capsid and glycoprotein, electron microscopy in situ and immuno-electron microscopy. Different processes for each virus seem counterintuitive although they are the most divergent in the alphaherpesvirus subfamily. Current hypotheses suggest that unenveloped HSV capsids complete assembly in the axonal growth cones and varicosities, whereas with PrV unenveloped capsids are only found travelling in a retrograde direction.
Finite element modeling of a capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (2004)

Capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers have been investigated using finite element analysis. Three ANSYS models have been developed to illustrate the collapse voltage and operating frequency of CMUTs. A 2D axisymmetric model is used to illustrate the relationship between collapse voltage and electrode radius. The model agrees with past results for electrode radius sizes between full membrane radius and half membrane radius. A 3D solid model is utilized to demonstrate the resonant frequency of the CMUT silicon nitride membrane. A reduced order model is also used to depict the resonant frequency. Both models demonstrate a resonant operating frequency around 2.3 MHz for a membrane with a radius of 50 microns, a thickness of 1 micron, a residual stress of 60 MPa (tension) and biased at 30 V/sub DC/. The results are validated using previously reported findings.
Cold agglutinins in infectious mononucleosis and heterophil-antibody- negative mononucleosis-like syndromes (1977)

Cold agglutinins (CA) were evaluated prospectively in patients with various mononucleosis syndromes and in a large control group. Cold agglutinins with anti-i specificity were seen mainly in heterophil-positive or -negative Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-induced infectious mononucleosis (31.8% of cases). Unclassified CA with equal reactivity against cord and adult erythrocytes were seen in 56 of 150 (37.3%) cases of heterophil-antibody-positive infectious mononucleosis (IM), in 1 of 7 (14.3%) cases of heterophil-negative EBV-induced IM, and in 12 of 31 (38.7%) cases of the heterophil-negative mononucleosis-like syndrome due to cytomegalovirus or other unspecified agents. One patient with heterophil-positive IM had a persistent, partially papain sensitive CA with anti-Pr-like activity. Anti-i CA were seen in less than 1.0% of healthy young adults (500) or patients without mononucleosis (500) submitted for heterophil studies. Unclassified CA were noted in 3.2% of the latter 1000 samples.
Cyclometalated gold(<scp>iii</scp>) complexes for chemoselective cysteine modification via ligand controlled C–S bond-forming reductive elimination (2014)

Modular assembly of cyclometalated gold(III) complexes by choosing appropriate bidentate C,N-donor ligands and ancillary ligands for chemoselective cysteine modification of peptides and proteins via C-S bond-forming reductive elimination has been achieved.
INNOVATIVE LASER SEALING TECHNOLOGIES FOR MICRO AND NANOSYSTEMS (LASEAL) (2012)

LASEAL-project is a research project funded by TEKES and industries. In this project the feasibility of laser assisted bonding for chip- and wafer level packaging in microsystems packaging applications will be studied. The goal is to develop bonding methods that enable direct hermetic sealing of microsystems in low temperature without additional sealing layers. In addition to the bonding also laser assisted methods to realise reliable electrical contacts during the packaging process will be studied. Duration
A progress report on DSA of high-chi silicon containing block co-polymers (Conference Presentation) (2018)

We have developed block co-polymers (BCPs) in which one of the blocks incorporates silicon and the other does not [1]. These materials provide access to BCPs with high Flory-Huggins interaction parameters (χ) and dry etch selectivity under reactive ion etching (RIE) conditions to provide Sub-20 nm patterns [2]. Recently we have investigated a hybrid chemo/grapho-epitaxy process that provides 20 nm and 10 nm full pitch patterning and we have transferred these patterns into useful substrates. This hybrid process produced 20 nm DSA with fewer defects with this material than the conventional chemo-epitaxial process. Cross-sectional scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) with electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) confirmed that the BCP features span the entire film thickness on hybrid process wafers [3]. We have now succeeded in demonstrating DSA with poly(4-methoxystyrene-block-4-trimethylsilylstyrene) (PMOST-b-PTMSS) aligned by guidelines comprised of cross linked poly(2-vinylpyridine) (Figure a). The process was demonstrated by cross-section analysis to produce features that span the entire BCP film thickness and the introduction of nitrogen into the guide line provides new evidence for the nature of the interaction between the guide lines and the BCP(Figure b). We have also reported the DSA and pattern transfer of poly(5-vinyl-1,3-benzodioxole-block-pentamethyldisilylstyrene) (PVBD-b-PDSS) at 10 nm full pitch. However, in this case, the DSA involved a trade-off between perpendicularity and dislocation defects [4]. Improved brush materials that selectively graft to an etched Cr surface rather than etched imprint resist provide oriented and aligned 5 nm line-and-space patterns that cleanly traverse the full film thickness thickness (Figure c). 1. Bates C. M., et al. Science (2012), 338 (6108), 775. 2. Azarnouchea, L., et al. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B (2016) 34 (6), 061602/1-061602/10. 3. Blachut, G., et al. Chem. Mater (2016), 28 (24), 8951-8961. 4. Lane A. P., et al. ACS Nano (2017), 11 (8), 7656-i7665.
Identification of enantiomorphism in crystals by electron microscopy (1975)

Simple electron-microscopy techniques are described which allow one to detect the presence of two enantiomorphous forms of a structure within an apparent single crystal. The first method consists of a characterization of the interface between the two enantiomorphs. In the second method advantage is taken of violations of Friedel's law which can occur in non-centrosymmetric crystals. These techniques have been illustrated by an analysis of the domain structure in ordered LiFe5O8, which has a space group P4132 or P4332. Consistent results were obtained with both methods. The first method yields a more complete description of the domain structure. Methods which can be used to determine the absolute configuration of the structure in a part of the crystal are discussed.
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Patients With Progressive Supranuclear Palsy and Parkinson's Disease (2001)

Neuropsychiatric symptoms are common in basal ganglia disorders and may have severe clinical consequences. The authors compared the neuropsychiatric manifestations of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). All 103 PD patients and 27 of the 61 PSP patients were taking dopaminergic agents. PSP patients showed significantly more apathy and disinhibition. Patients with PD had higher frequency of hallucinations, delusions, and depression. These results suggest that PSP patients show symptoms compatible with lesioned orbitofrontal and medial frontal circuits, such as disinhibition and apathy, whereas PD patients show symptoms associated with monoaminergic disturbances, such as psychosis and depression.
Adhesion of nonplanar wrinkled surfaces (2010)

Abstract Topological patterns on polymer surfaces can significantly alter and control adhesion. In this study, the effect of surface wrinkles on a spherical surface on adhesion has been studied. Surface wrinkling induced by swelling of a crosslinked polydimethylsiloxane elastomer constrained by a stiff, thin surface layer (silicate) is used to produce topographic features of various length scales over a large curved area. By controlling the properties of the stiff layer and the applied strain conditions, surface wrinkles of varying amplitude and wavelength are obtained. The effect of wrinkle morphology on adhesion is quantified, and the results display a transition from enhancement of adhesion to decrease depending upon wrinkle dimensions. A simple phenomenological model is proposed that describes the change of adhesion behavior as a function of wrinkle morphology. Our results provide a critical understanding toward tuning the adhesion behavior of nonplanar surfaces consisting of periodic topographic structures. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2011
ChemInform Abstract: Two Modifications of NH<sub>4</sub>HPO<sub>3</sub>F: Synthesis and Crystal Structure. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Transcriptomic and Proteomic Profiling of Anabaena sp. Strain 90 under Inorganic Phosphorus Stress (2015)

Inorganic phosphorus (Pi) is one of the main growth-limiting factors of diazotrophic cyanobacteria. Due to human activity, the availability of Pi has increased in water bodies, resulting in eutrophication and the formation of massive cyanobacterial blooms. In this study, we examined the molecular responses of the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. strain 90 to phosphorus deprivation, aiming at the identification of candidate genes to monitor the Pi status in cyanobacteria. Furthermore, this study increased the basic understanding of how phosphorus affects diazotrophic and bloom-forming cyanobacteria as a major growth-limiting factor. Based on RNA sequencing data, we identified 246 differentially expressed genes after phosphorus starvation and 823 differentially expressed genes after prolonged Pi limitation, most of them related to central metabolism and cellular growth. The transcripts of the genes related to phosphorus transport and assimilation (pho regulon) were most upregulated during phosphorus depletion. One of the most increased transcripts encodes a giant protein of 1,869 amino acid residues, which contains, among others, a phytase-like domain. Our findings predict its crucial role in phosphorus starvation, but future studies are still needed. Using two-dimensional difference in gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), we found 43 proteins that were differentially expressed after prolonged phosphorus stress. However, correlation analysis unraveled an association only to some extent between the transcriptomic and proteomic abundances. Based on the present results, we suggest that the method used for monitoring the Pi status in cyanobacterial bloom should contain wider combinations of pho regulon genes (e.g., PstABCS transport systems) in addition to the commonly used alkaline phosphatase gene alone.