gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hot Carrier Cooling and Recombination Dynamics of Chlorine Doped Hybrid Perovskite Single Crystals (2020)

Methyl ammonium lead bromide (MAPbBr3) crystals, possible replacements for silicon in many photonic applications, were probed with transient reflectivity spectroscopy, revealing faster carrier cooling dynamics and slower recombination dynamics with increased chlorine doping.
A Model for Bone Resorption (2006)

In the present paper a model for the resorption of bone, such as that observed at the interface between surgical implants and bone tissue, is developed. While there are many previous studies where models for bone remodelling calculations are proposed, these have been based on the stress or strain state of the bone tissue itself as the driving force for bone remodelling. We, instead, develop a constitutive model based on observations in recent experiments where it seems that fluid pressure, or possibly fluid flow velocity, is a major factor in the bone resorption process.
Study of dryout heat fluxes in beds of inductively heated particles. Technical report. [LMFBR] (1977)

Experimental observations of the dryout heat fluxes for inductively heated particulate beds have been made. The data were obtained when steel and lead particles in the size distribution 295-787 micrometers were placed in a 4.7 cm diameter pyrex glass jar and inductively heated by passing radio frequency current through a 13.3 cm diameter multi-turn work coil encircling the jar. Distilled water, methanol and acetone were used as coolants in the experiments, while the bed height was varied from 1.0 cm to 8.9 cm. Different mechanisms for the dryout in deep and shallow beds have been identified. Dryout in shallow beds is believed to occur when the vapor velocity in the gas jets exceeds a certain critical velocity at which choking of the vapor, leading to obstruction in the flow of the liquid towards the bed, occurs. However, deep beds dry out when gravitational force can no longer maintain a downward coolant flow rate necessary to dissipate the heat generated in the bed. The heat flux data of the investigation and that from two previous investigations made at Argonne Laboratory and at UCLA have been correlated with semi-theoretical correlations based on the proposed hydrodynamic models. The deep and shallow bed correlationsmore » are used to predict the bed height at which translation from deep to shallow bed would occur. An application of the present study has been made to determine the maximum coolable depths of the core debris as a function of the particle size, bed porosity and decay heat.« less
Physiology, morphology and immunocytology of dorsal horn layer iii neurons (1981)

Bennett, G. J.; Abdelmoumene, M.; Hayashi, H.*; Hoffert, M. J.; Ruda, M. A.; Dubner, R.Author Information
Novel Radio Architectures for UWB, 60 GHz, and Cognitive Wireless Systems (2006)

There are several new radio systems which exploit novel strategies being made possible by the regulatory agencies to increase the availability of spectrum for wireless applications. Three of these that will be discussed are ultra-wideband (UWB), 60 GHz, and cognitive radios. The UWB approach attempts to share the spectrum with higher-priority users by transmitting at power levels that are so low that they do not cause interference. On the other hand, cognitive radios attempt to share spectra by introducing a spectrum sensing function, so that they are able to transmit in unused portions at a given time, place, and frequency. Another approach is to exploit the advances in CMOS technology to operate in frequency bands in the millimeter-wave region. 60 GHz operation is particularly attractive because of the 7 GHz of unlicensed spectrum that has been made available there. In this paper, we present an overview of novel radio architecture design approaches and address challenges dealing with high-frequencies, wide-bandwidths, and large dynamic-range signals encountered in these future wireless systems.
Impedance specification and impedance improvement for DC distributed power system (2003)

In a DC distributed power system, the interaction between individually designed power modules/subsystems may cause the instability of the whole system. In the small-signal sense, these kinds of interactions can be predicted by checking impedance ratio Z/sub o//Z/sub i/ and can also be prevented by making impedance specification for power modules/subsystems. Many efforts have been made in defining impedance specification and improving I/O impedance for converters and filters. This paper summarizes work in these two areas.
Effect of Recombinant Bovine Interleukin-1β on Viral/Bacterial Pneumonia in Cattle (1995)

Bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) is an important pathogen of respiratory infections in cattle. Its continuing importance lies in its ability to predispose infected hosts to bacterial infections (e.g., Pasteurella haemolytica). In this study we determined whether the immunoregulatory effects induced by recombinant bovine interleukin-1 (rbIL-1) could stimulate appropriate host defense mechanisms to influence the course of BHV-1 and P. haemolytica infection in cattle. We first evaluated the effect of multiple doses (5 doses of 300 ng/kg) of rbIL-1 in normal cattle. An increase in polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells, as well as monocytes, in peripheral blood was observed during the course of IL-1 administration. In addition, the phagocytic activity of monocytes was increased. Although the phagocytic and oxidative burst activities in PMN decreased during the course of rbIL-1 treatment, no changes were observed in the bactericidal capacity of these cells. Lymphocyte numbers in peripheral blood remained unchanged; however, the functional activity of these cells, as measured by IFN-gamma production upon in vitro stimulation, was decreased. In the bovine respiratory disease model, multiple administration of IL-1 did not influence significantly the progression of BHV-1/P. haemolytica infection in cattle. Thus, our results demonstrated that IL-1, although not therapeutically effective, could be administered safely as an adjuvant, even during the course of BHV-1/P. haemolytica infection.
9B10 - Theory of the interband magnetooptical semiconductor laser (1966)

The operation of the interband magnetooptical semiconductor laser has been realized by two techniques, viz., injection and optical pumping. This paper considers the theory of the electro-magnetic modes and threshold conditions which can be applied to either of these configurations. In addition, the bulk magnetooptical laser, which can in principle be realized by electronbeam pumping, is also considered. Because of the mode-coupling due to the magnetic field, neither TE nor TM modes alone are adequate to describe the electro-magnetic wave propagating in the laser. Moreover, an exact solution of the complete boundary value problem is not feasible. However, we have derived an expression for the propagation constant by using a linear combination of the TE and TM modes given at zero field in a perturbation theory. This expression is in terms of the propagation constants of the unperturbed TE and TM modes and the perturbation of the conductivity tensor due to the magnetic field.
Linear and nonlinear shear flow behavior of monodisperse polyisoprene melts with a large range of molecular weights (2008)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Dietmar Auhl, Jorge Ramirez, Alexei E. Likhtman, Pierre Chambon, Christine Fernyhough; Linear and nonlinear shear flow behavior of monodisperse polyisoprene melts with a large range of molecular weights. J. Rheol. 1 May 2008; 52 (3): 801–835. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.2890780 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe Society of RheologyJournal of Rheology Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Bulk material vs. single crystal: powder diffraction to the rescue (2004)

The crystal structure of bulk microcrystalline material obtained by interaction of two rigid building blocks, namely dirhodium(ii) tetra(trifluoroacetate), [Rh2(O2CCF3)4], and bis(4'-pyridyl)diphenylsilane, (C6H5)2Si(C5H4N)2, has been solved ab initio using X-ray powder diffraction data. The title product of the 1 [ratio] 1 composition, [Rh2(O2CCF3)4.(mu2-(C6H5)2Si(C5H4N)2)], is a one-dimensional zigzag polymer built on axial Rh...N interactions averaged at 2.16 A. Its structural characterization complements the previously reported product of the 2:1 composition obtained from the same reaction, namely {[Rh2(O2CCF3)4]2.(mu4-(C6H5)2Si(C5H4N)2)}. The latter has a 2D layered network revealed by the single crystal diffraction study. A combination of powder and single crystal X-ray techniques is shown to be methodologically important and complementary for understanding of product assembling in the system.
Effective Management of Upper Limb Parkinsonian Tremor by IncobotulinumtoxinA Injections Using Sensor-based Biomechanical Patterns (2015)

<strong>Background:</strong> Focal treatment of Parkinson’s disease tremor by botulinum toxin type A incobotulinumtoxinA (BoNT-A) injections has been inadequately investigated and at best provides modest relief with significant muscle weakness. Complexity of multi-joint tremulous movements results in non-individualized dosing regimens. This 38-week open-label study used kinematic technology to guide muscle selection and improve efficacy of incobotulinumtoxinA (BoNT-A) injections for Parkinson’s disease tremor. <strong>Methods:</strong> Participants (n=28) attended study visits at weeks 0, 6, 16, 22, 32, and 38, and were injected with BoNT-A at weeks 0, 16, and 32. During each visit, clinical tremor scales, the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and the Fahn–Tolosa–Marin (FTM), and kinematic assessments were conducted. Participants performed rest and postural scripted tasks with motion sensors placed over the wrist, elbow, and shoulder joints where tremor was quantified by angular root mean square (RMS) amplitude in multiple degrees of freedom at each joint. Injection parameters were determined using the clinician’s interpretation of which muscles would contribute to the upper limb tremor biomechanics analyzed kinematically. <strong>Results:</strong> Kinematic measures of tremor amplitude allowed detailed segmentation of tremor into directional components at each arm joint permitting a statistically significant decrease in mean UPDRS item 20 (rest tremor) at week 16 (p=0.006) and at week 32 (p=0.014), and in FTM tremor severity scores at week 6 (p=0.024). Ten participants perceived mild muscle weakness following the third treatment, which did not interfere with performing activities of daily living. <strong>Discussion:</strong> Kinematics is a simple method for standardizing assessments and treatment of upper limb Parkinson’s disease tremor, thereby personalizing tremor therapy and optimizing the effect of BoNT-A injections for Parkinson’s disease tremor.
Frequency stabilization of 1.55 mu m DFB laser diode using vibrational-rotational absorption of /sup 13/C/sub 2/H/sub 2/ molecules (1989)

The vibrational-rotational absorption of /sup 13/C/sub 2/H/sub 2/ molecules (VRAMs) in the 1.52-1.55 mu m region was investigated in detail. On the basis of this investigation, frequency stabilization of 1.55- mu m distributed-feedback (DFB) laser diodes was demonstrated. Frequency stability to within 2 MHz peak/peak fluctuation was achieved at the 1.54949- mu m wavelength. In addition, frequency stabilizations in the wavelength regions of 1.53 mu m and 1.54 mu m were also carried out by using the strong absorption lines of /sup 13/C/sub 2/H/sub 2/ VRAM in these wavelength regions. The spectral width of the frequency-stabilized DFB laser diode was found to be 25 MHz. The absolute frequency was found to be stabilized at least to within 25 MHz by the measurement of beat spectrum.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Mid-Infrared Spectrometry of Biomolecules Using a Free Electron Laser (2008)

Since most biomolecules have a specific molecular vibration mode in the mid-infrared (MIR) wavelength range, they absorb the MIR light energy of a specific wavelength. An MIR laser can be used to analyze several optical characteristics of biomolecules. The free electron laser (FEL) at Osaka University can be continuously varied in a wavelength range of 5.0-20.0μm. The pulse width is-5ps, and its peak power with 5 MW is higher than common laser systems. In this study, we measured the reflectance spectra of dentin and gelatin using FEL to estimate applications as a spectroscopic light source. Reflectance spectra resembled the transmission spectra by the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FT-IR) method.
Molecular modelling of GABA uptake inhibitors (1987)

A joint molecular modelling and computer graphics study of the potent and conformatio-nally flexible GABA uptake inhibitor SKF 89.976-A is presented. Two principally different approaches for determining the biologically active conformation(s) are described. In the first approach, three flexible compounds are compared in order to find differences between the potent SKF compound, an inactive and a less active compound. In the second approach, SKF 89.976-A is compared with a conformationally constrained GABA uptake inhibitor. The results are compared and a tentative model for the recognition site deduced.
When is a reflex not a reflex? The riddle of behavioral-state control (1986)

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Enhancement of Electrical Conductivity of Polycrystalline β-PbO by Exposure to Ozone Gas at Room Temperature (1996)

Polycrystalline β-PbO pellets were exposed to ozone gas at room temperature. They were oxidized rapidly up to the composition of PbO1.01 for 1 h. Then, a color change from bright yellow to greenish brown and an enhancement of electrical conductivity from 10-11 to 10-3 S cm-1 were observed. The pellets appeared to have been oxidized up to inside uniformly for 10 min by visual observation. Formation of secondary crystalline phases was not detected by X-ray powder diffraction. Differential thermal analysis showed a broad distinct exothermic peak locating at ∼520 K, which was ascribed to a release of the strain energy accumulated by the room-temperature oxidation. The temperature region corresponded to that of a decrease in conductivity, indicating that the carrier annihilation was closely related to the lattice relaxation. A tentative mechanism that atomic oxygen is a diffusing species with a high rate was proposed.
Identification of <i>Legionella pneumophila rcp</i> , a <i>pagP</i> -Like Gene That Confers Resistance to Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides and Promotes Intracellular Infection (2001)

In the course of characterizing a locus involved in heme utilization, we identified a Legionella pneumophila gene predicted to encode a protein with homology to the product of the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium pagP gene. In Salmonella, pagP increases resistance to the bactericidal effects of cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs). Mutants with insertions in the L. pneumophila pagP-like gene were generated and showed decreased resistance to different structural classes of CAMPs compared to the wild type; hence, this gene was designated rcp for resistance to cationic antimicrobial peptides. Furthermore, Legionella CAMP resistance was induced by growth in low-magnesium medium. To determine whether rcp had any role in intracellular survival, mutants were tested in the two most relevant host cells for Legionnaires' disease, i.e., amoebae and macrophages. These mutants exhibited a 1,000-fold-decreased recovery during a Hartmannella vermiformis coculture. Complementation of the infectivity defect could be achieved by introduction of a plasmid containing the intact rcp gene. Mutations in rcp consistently reduced both the numbers of bacteria recovered during intracellular infection and their cytopathic capacity for U937 macrophages. The rcp mutant was also more defective for lung colonization of A/J mice. Growth of rcp mutants in buffered yeast extract broth was identical to that of the wild type, indicating that the observed differences in numbers of bacteria recovered from host cells were not due to a generalized growth defect. However, in low-Mg(2+) medium, the rcp mutant was impaired in stationary-phase survival. This is the first demonstration of a pagP-like gene, involved in resistance to CAMPs, being required for intracellular infection and virulence.
Hydrometallurgical recovery of platinum group metals (2012)

The demand for platinum group metals (PGMs) has been rising significantly for the last few decades as the metals have become very important for the today’s society. They are used in pollution control and also in many other applications where their unique properties are needed. It seems that the trend is towards even further increase in the consumption due to tightening emission standards and new energy sources. The supply of PGMs is limited as they only exist in a larger scale in South Africa and Russia. As the end products where PGMs are used are scattered around the globe, the recycling of the metals at these locations also seems attractive.\nThis literature review focuses on the extraction and separation processes used in the platinum group metals industry nowadays. The information available is partly limited as companies are not willing to give their secrets away. Most of the processes reviewed are meant for primary metals processing, but some of them are also used to recycle PGMs from secondary sources. The number of specific processes proposed in the literature is high, but most of these processes are however mainly modifications from existing processes and based on the same principles.\nDifferences in the used raw material lead to clear differences in the used process chemistry and technology when producing platinum group metals. As more metals are present, usually a more complex process chain has to be utilized. The process chemistry has to adapt easily to small changes in order to make the process profitable. In this report some of the commercially available processes were reviewed as well as some of the processes proposed in the literature. No one outstanding process stood out, but many processes have advantages that can be employed when processing some certain ore or secondary material. The modern process technology employing ion exchange and molecular recognition appears to be more flexible considering the raw material. This has been one of the reasons besides faster and more efficient operation, why the traditional processing methods have been replaced by the modern refining processes.
Speciated hydrocarbon emissions and the associated local ozone production from an automotive gasoline engine (2004)

Concentrations of total and individual exhaust gas hydrocarbon species were measured from a contemporary automotive gasoline engine to gain insight into how an engine's operating conditions affect the combustion and post-flame oxidation processes and to estimate the ozone-forming potential of these hydrocarbons. Both the customary method of estimating maximum ozone production using maximum incremental reactivity (MIR) factors and a new method of estimating actual local ozone production (LOP) were used to quantify the harmfulness of the exhaust hydrocarbons. Depending on local atmospheric conditions, LOP estimations are about 2–10 times less than the method of maximum ozone production using MIR factors. Per unit of engine output, retarded spark timing and higher engine load reduce the LOP of catalyst-in hydrocarbons, while the air-fuel ratio does not strongly affect the LOP of catalyst-in hydrocarbons. LOP is increased during a start-up and drastically decreased by the catalytic converter, once the catalyst is heated to its operating temperature and the engine is run at stoichiometry.
Charge-Transfer Chromatography Used To Study The Interaction of Chlorhexidine with Proteins and Amino Acids (1995)

Abstract The interaction of the antibacterial agent chlorhexidine (1,1-hexamethylene-bis-/5-(4-chlorophenyl)-bis-guanidine/) with human albumin and pepsin and with amino acids was studied with reversed-phase charge transfer chromatography in the presence of various monovalent cations. It was established that the mobility of chlorhexidine increases in the presence of ions in the lower concentration range (0.001 – 0.1 M) then increases at higher concentrations. The ion radii significantly influences the effect. Stepwise regression analysis proved that the chlorhexidine binds both to pepsin and human albumin, the binding is stronger with human albumin. The ions modify the character of chlorhexidine-human albumin binding indicating the hydrophilic character of the interaction. Except Asp and Glu the other amino acids exhibited weak interactions with chlorhexidine, no significant difference was found between the interactive strength of L- and D-forms of Asp and Glu. Our data make probable that hydrophilic binding of chlorhexidine to the acidic side chains in proteins may be involved in its mode of action.
Competitive adsorption of macromolecules and real-time dynamics of Vroman-like effects (2011)

Quasi-elastic light scattering (QELS) and quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) non-equilibrium and equilibrium studies of competitive interactions of pairs of polymers and proteins with fumed silica and ceramic coatings deposited on QCM crystals show complex interfacial behaviour. The effects observed depend on the adsorption sequence of co-adsorbates, their chemical structure and the morphology and chemical structure of the adsorbent. The equilibrium adsorption and dynamics of interactions of macromolecules with bare adsorbent surface and surface covered with pre-adsorbed polymer or protein, are compared in terms of the distribution functions of the Gibbs free energy of adsorption, which varied from -25 kJ mol(-1) on a bare surface to almost 0 kJ mol(-1) on a polymer or protein coated surface.
Changes in perceived velocity following adaptation to simulated auditory motion (1999)

To investigate whether adaptation to auditory motion can cause changes in perceived velocity, measurements of perceived velocity were conducted for apparently moving stimuli produced by varying only interaural time differences (ITDs). Following adaptation to a 10-s 500-Hz tone, a 500-Hz test tone was presented, followed by a 250-Hz standard tone. The velocity (ITD change rate) of the adapter tone was chosen from the range of 300 to 2400 μs/s, and that of the standard tone was fixed at 300 μs/s. Subjects judged which of the test and standard tones was perceived as moving faster. The constant method was used to obtain the velocity of the test tone judged to be equal to that of the standard tone. It was found that the perceived velocity of the test tone following adaptation was slower than the physical value by up to 70 μs/s. Adaptation did not affect the perceived direction of the test tone in the present velocity range of the adapting and test tones. These results indicate that adaptation to auditory motion cannot only produce countermotion of a physically stationary sound, as has been reported, but also cause changes in perceived velocity of a moving sound. Theoretical implications will be discussed.
CADMIUM CAUSED ECTOPIC PATTERN OF APOPTOSIS DURING ZEBRAFISH EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT (1999)

Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. (introduced by PKS Lam)