gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Application of expert system to power system restoration in sub-control center (1997)

An expert system is developed for emergency operation of power system restoration in a sub-control center. The proposed method restores the blackout area in a power system by using sensitivity analysis and heuristic rules. The rules are categorized into flow-control rules, energization rules, line switching rules, load shedding rules, and voltage correction rules. The switching (opening, closing) of transmission lines, transformers and shunt capacitors, and the load shedding are used for the emergency operations in this paper. For the real time recognition of the network topology, the power system components are represented in hierarchical data structure.
Maximum Allowable Production Rates from Openhole Horizontal Wells (1991)

ABSTRACT The completion technology for horizontal wells presents numerous design possibilities. The simplest and least expensive method is completing the well as open hole or using slotted liners. The majority of producing horizontal wells are being completed as open hole; this technique offers large flow areas, much more than when cemented and perforated casing is used. But hole stability and pressure drawdown may cause hole collapse and sand production which will restrict the production rate. The problem then is to determine the maximum allowable production rates from horizontal wells completed as open hole. This paper discusses the stress distribution around a horizontal borehole function of the amount of pressure drawdown and the overburden loads, and the stability of this hole under these stresses. It also assesses the production rate at which sand grains may be produced with the fluid. The paper presents an equation to calculate the maximum production rates from open hole completed horizontal wells without sand problems or hole collapse. The equation includes the effect of well depth and the length of the horizontal displacement. Also, it can be used to calculate the effective borehole diameter of the horizontal well that minimizes sand production.
Quantitative spectroscopic criteria for the classification of pre-main sequence low-mass stars. (1997)

The discovery of hundreths of X-ray emitting stars possibly associated with pre-main sequence (PMS) low-mass stars far from molecular clouds, makes it necessary to adopt quantitative spectroscopic criteria for classifying them. T Tauri stars have young ages (< 10 Myr) and low masses (M<2M ). As a consequence, it is shown that they must verify two spec- troscopic conditions: (1) spectral type in the range K0-M6, and either (2a) strong emission lines and UV-optical-NIR contin- uum excesses, or (2b) weak-emission lines and a photospheric Lii670.8 absorption feature with a \minimum equivalent width which depends on its spectral type. Classical T Tauris meet criteria (1) and (2a), while weak T Tauris (WTTS) meet criteria (1) and (2b). T Tauri stars occupy a different region in the Teff {W LiI diagramme than the low-mass members of young open clusters. Post T Tauri stars (PTTSs) later than about K2 can be clearly identied in the same diagramme because they ll an empty region (PTT-gap), intermediate between the T Tauris and the young cluster stars. The application of the spectroscopic crite- ria dened in this work to the PMS stars claimed to have been discovered in recent X-ray surveys of molecular clouds is ham- pered by the lack of high-resolution optical spectra for most of them. On the basis of the sparse and modest-resolution data that is available, the preliminary results indicate that the majority of these stars (60%) are not WTTSs. Only 25% of the non- WTTS X-ray discovered stars are clearly PTTSs according to this study. The PMS status of the remaining stars is dubious. It seems unlikely that the PTTSs indentied in X-ray surveys out- number the T Tauri stars. Far away from molecular clouds, the number of WTTSs and PTTSs appear to decrease signicantly.
Pathogenesis and treatment to postoperative bile leakage: report of 38 cases. (2005)

A piece of white gauze can be used to touch surgical area in detecting biliary leakage intraoperatively. Mucous to mucous suture of the bile duct and appropriate time for removal of T-tube are recommended to prevent biliary leakage. Reoperation is essential to acute peritonitis. Drainage can be used if leakage don't diffuse or it occurs after pulling out T-tube. Drainage plus ERCP, ENBD, PTCD and drainage are effective.
Analysis of Multi-stage Convex Relaxation for Sparse Regularization (2010)

We consider learning formulations with non-convex objective functions that often occur in practical applications. There are two approaches to this problem: • Heuristic methods such as gradient descent that only find a local minimum. A drawback of this approach is the lack of theoretical guarantee showing that the local minimum gives a good solution. • Convex relaxation such as L1-regularization that solves the problem under some conditions. However it often leads to a sub-optimal solution in reality. This paper tries to remedy the above gap between theory and practice. In particular, we present a multi-stage convex relaxation scheme for solving problems with non-convex objective functions. For learning formulations with sparse regularization, we analyze the behavior of a specific multistage relaxation scheme. Under appropriate conditions, we show that the local solution obtained by this procedure is superior to the global solution of the standard L1 convex relaxation for learning sparse targets.
Tolerance to a rice hydrolysate formula in children allergic to cow's milk and soy (2003)

Children allergic to cow's milk and soy tolerate an HRF clinically. This suggests that rice hydrolysate may be used as a protein source for children with multiple food-induced reactions.
Novel Surfactant‐like Hypocrellin Derivatives to Achieve Simultaneous Drug Delivery in Blood Plasma and Cell Uptake (2010)

Water-soluble derivatives of hypocrellins can be safely delivered in blood plasma but lose their photodynamic activity in vivo due to poor cell uptake, while hydrophobic derivatives retaining their activity may aggregate in the blood plasma and block vascular networks. Considering both drug delivery and biological activity, surfactant-like hypocrellin B (HB) derivatives, sodium 12-2-HB-aminododecanoate (SAHB) and sodium 11,11'-5,8-HB-dimercaptoundecanoate (DMHB), were first designed and then synthesized in the current work. Both SAHB and DMHB were photoactive, generating free radicals and reactive oxygen species, as confirmed by EPR and chemical measurements. Most importantly, DMHB was not only readily soluble, allowing preparation of an intravenous injection solution at a clinically acceptable concentration, but it was also more photodynamic therapy (PDT) active to human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells than its parent HB under irradiation. The photodynamic activity was exactly identical to the (1)O(2) quantum yield and was not reduced by the improved water solubility, suggesting an independent hydrophilicity or lipophilicity. To our knowledge, this is a new strategy that possesses general significance for converting hydrophobic photosensitizers into clinically usable PDT drugs.
Pesticide Policy Influences on Biopesticide Technologies (2003)

Pesticide policy has a substantial impact on the development and use of biopesticides. Before exploring the nature and extent of this impact, it is worthwhile to examine biopesticide use, in order to put policy influences in proper perspective.
Introduction (1992)

This is a study of Kafka’s reception of Dostoyevsky, principally in the period from 1912 to early 1915. In talking of the shaping of influence I wish to stress two points. First that the relationship under consideration here is significantly a causal one, a relationship of influence. Equally, however, it is essential to see that in a relationship of this kind, as Leszek Kolakowski says, ‘the active partner is not the one who exerts the influence, but the one on whom the influence is exerted’.1 Accordingly, this is principally a book about Kafka and the way he responded to Dostoyevsky, though there is also a sense in which it is a book about Dostoyevsky and the way his world — both real and fictional — cast a spell over Kafka’s imagination. The focus on influence is above all a result of Kafka’s literalness. It is because his writing often takes up earlier models in a quite discernible process of creative restatement, that there is such rich textual evidence of Dostoyevsky’s influence, or rather, of Kafka’s appropriations. In reviewing this evidence, the contours of an underlying affinity emerge and a fascinating narrative unfolds of Kafka’s deepening entanglement in Dostoyevsky’s life and work. In asking in what ways Kafka’s writing might legitimately be said to be Dostoyevskian, I make a purely pragmatic distinction between ‘influence’ and ‘affinity’ in which influence is rather like the tip of an iceberg, highly visible yet resting on something larger whose exact shape and extent is less apparent.
Intelligent network operations systems for INS network (1988)

A general development plan for, and the architecture of, highly intelligent network operations systems using knowledge-based technology (THINKING), for the NTT Information Network Systems are presented. THINKING systems are types of operational functional elements. They are being incorporated into network operations systems that are constructed based on conventional information-processing technology. THINKING systems are designed on the basis of the total network operation maintenance and administration system (TOMAS) philosophy. As application examples, intelligent fault diagnosis and testing of I-interface digital subscriber lines and switching systems (THINKING-DSL and THINKING-ESS) are described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Decoding algorithms for block codes over two-dimensional signal-constellations (2002)

We use the basic code construction by Huber (1987, 1989) with block codes over two-dimensional signal constellations to obtain powerful codes, which can be decoded efficiently.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Gas turbines with heat exchanger and water injection in the compressed air (1973)

In gas turbine plants with heat exchanger, water injection into the compressed air between the compressor and the heat exchangeronly marginally increases the efficiency but it substantially raises output, regarded from the point of view of energy economics, by as much as 55% in two-shaft plants. The specific cost is thus reduced as compared with simple gas turbines without heat exchanger. Regulation of the water supply presents no dlfficulty. The transient behavior is discussed. The addition of water to the cycle reduces the emission of nitrogen oxides by at least half. (auth)
Effect of Combined Therapy with Ansamycin, Clofazimine, Ethambutol, and Isoniazid for Mycobacterium avium Infection in Patients with AIDS (1989)

Journal Article Effect of Combined Therapy with Ansamycin, Clofazimine, Ethambutol, and Isoniazid for Mycobacterium avium Infection in Patients with AIDS Get access Bruce D. Agins, Bruce D. Agins Infectious Disease Section, Medical Service, New York Veterans Administration Medical Center, and the Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York City Please address requests for reprints to Dr. Bruce D. Agins, Infectious Disease Division, Nassau County Medical Center, 2201 Hempstead Turnpike, East Meadow, NY 11554. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Daniel S. Berman, Daniel S. Berman Infectious Disease Section, Medical Service, New York Veterans Administration Medical Center, and the Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York City Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Debra Spicehandler, Debra Spicehandler Infectious Disease Section, Medical Service, New York Veterans Administration Medical Center, and the Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York City Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Wafaa El Sadr, Wafaa El Sadr Infectious Disease Section, Medical Service, New York Veterans Administration Medical Center, and the Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York City Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Michael S. Simberkoff, Michael S. Simberkoff Infectious Disease Section, Medical Service, New York Veterans Administration Medical Center, and the Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York City Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar James J. Rahal James J. Rahal Infectious Disease Section, Medical Service, New York Veterans Administration Medical Center, and the Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York City Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 159, Issue 4, April 1989, Pages 784–787, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/159.4.784 Published: 01 April 1989 Article history Received: 28 July 1988 Revision received: 24 October 1988 Published: 01 April 1989
Automatic Term Extraction in Technical Domain using Part-of-Speech and Common-Word Features (2018)

Extracting key terms from technical documents allows us to write effective documentation that is specific and clear, with minimum ambiguity and confusion caused by nearly synonymous but different terms. For instance, in order to avoid confusion, the same object should not be referred to by two different names (e.g. "hydraulic oil filter"). In the modern world of commerce, clear terminology is the hallmark of successful RFPs (Requests for Proposal) and is therefore a key to the growth of competitive organizations. While Automatic Term Extraction (ATE) is a well-developed area of study, its applications in the technical domain have been sparse and constrained to certain narrow areas such as the biomedical research domain. We present a method for Automatic Term Extraction (ATE) for the technical domain based on the use of part-of-speech features and common words information. The method is evaluated on a C programming language reference manual as well as a manual of aircraft maintenance guidelines, and has shown comparable or better results to the reported state of the art results.
Noncovalent Attachment of Nucleotides by FluorousFluorous Interactions: Application to a Simple Purification Principle for Synthetic DNA Fragments (2005)

Abstract We report a highly efficient noncovalent immobilization of DNA fragments on surfaces by fluorous fluorous interactions. The principle was applied to a simple and straightforward purification protocol for synthetic DNA. The method is completely compatible with standard solid‐phase synthesis of DNA.
Flexibility Of DNA In 2:1 Drug-DNA Complexes - Simultaneous Binding Of Two DAPI Molecules To DNA (1992)

Simultaneous binding of two DAPI molecules in the minor groove of (dA)15.(dT)15 B-DNA helix has been simulated by molecular mechanics calculations. The energy minimised structure shows some novel features in relation to binding of DAPI molecules as well as the flexibility of the grooves of DNA helices. The minor groove of the helix expands locally considerably (to 15 angstroms) to accommodate the two DAPI molecules and is achieved by positive propeller twisting of base pairs at the binding site concomitant with small variations in the local nucleotide stereochemistry. The expansion also brings forth simultaneously a contraction in the width of the major groove spread over to a few phosphates. These findings demonstrate another facet of the flexible stereochemistry of DNA helices in which the local features are significantly altered without being propagated beyond a few base pairs, and with the rest of the regions retaining the normal structure. Both the DAPI molecules are engaged in specific hydrogen bonds with the bases and non specific interactions with phosphates. Stacking interactions of DAPI molecules between themselves as well as with sugar-phosphate backbone contribute to the stability of the complex. The studies provide a stereochemical support to the experimental findings that under high drug-DNA ratio DAPI could bind in the 2:1 ratio.
부실채권(NPL) 투자 현황과 운용실태에 관한 연구 -해외 사례 비교를 중심으로- (2014)

국내의 경우 부동산 경기침체, 저축은행 부실화, 가계부채 심화 등 위험요소가 산적해있는 상황에서 위기발생에 대비하여 현 민간 부실채권시장을 진단하고 위기 발생에 대비한 공적 역할에 대해 검토할 필요가 있다. 현재 민간 부실채권시장에서는 회수가 용이한채권 위주로 거래가 형성되고 있고, 회생가능성이 낮은 악성 부실채권의 정리는 공적기구에 이전되고 있는 이원화 구조이다. 또한 수익창출이 목적인 민간 AMC는 구조조정을통한 정상화 및 채무재조정 등의 회생 유인이 낮아 시장에 위험을 그대로 전달하는 위험성을 내포하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 다양한 구조조정 경험 및 채무재조정 인프라를구비하고 있는 해외 선진국 중에서 미국, 아일랜드, 스페인으로 한정하여 비교 분석하여부실채권 정리 기구와 방안을 연구 확대하여 상시적 컨트롤타워 역할을 수행함으로써 부실채권 정리와 회생의 기회를 마련 할 수 있는 정책적 대안을 제시하고자 하는 것이 목적이다.
Release Factors 2 from Escherichia coli and Thermus thermophilus: structural, spectroscopic and microcalorimetric studies (2007)

Prokaryotic class I release factors (RFs) respond to mRNA stop codons and terminate protein synthesis. They interact with the ribosomal decoding site and the peptidyl-transferase centre bridging these 75 A distant ribosomal centres. For this an elongated RF conformation, with partially unfolded core domains II.III.IV is required, which contrasts the known compact RF crystal structures. The crystal structure of Thermus thermophilus RF2 was determined and compared with solution structure of T. thermophilus and Escherichia coli RF2 by microcalorimetry, circular dichroism spectroscopy and small angle X-ray scattering. The structure of T. thermophilus RF2 in solution at 20 degrees C is predominantly compact like the crystal structure. Thermodynamic analysis point to an initial melting of domain I, which is independent from the melting of the core. The core domains II.III.IV melt cooperatively at the respective physiological temperatures for T. thermophilus and E. coli. Thermodynamic analyses and the X-ray scattering results for T. thermophilus RF2 in solution suggest that the compact conformation of RF2 resembles a physiological state in absence of the ribosome.
Structure, Properties and Applications of Mussel-Inspired Polydopamine (2014)

Mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDA) has emerged as a promising molecule used for anchoring synthetic and biological substances or forming an adhesive layer onto various substrates for biomedical and nanotechnology applications because of its outstanding properties. This review article provides an overview of the recent progress in the PDA-based materials, including synthesis of nanoparticles, capsules, structure-mechanism, physicochemical and biological properties, and medical applications. Frist, to understand how PDA nanoparticles, capsules and films produce the unique properties is insight on the processing parameters. Next, we highlight what is known regarding the mechanism of self-polymerization and the structure features of dopamine (DA), which is based on the formation of covalent bond or through a combination mode between monomers. The inherent hydrophilicity and adhesive property of PDA with the coexistence of catechol and amine functionalities provide desirable surface characteristics without the need for further modification. Finally, successful applications, such as grafting substances, biomineralization, antifouling and antibacterial coatings, drug/gene delivery, and tissue engineering, reported to date involving PDA will be focused. The future study of PDA to develop novel materials with unique properties is emerging for specific nanomedicine applications.
Characteristics of secondary flow in steady and pulsatile flows through a symmetrical bifurcation (1987)

Steady and pulsatile flow in a glass model simulating an arterial bifurcation was investigated by flow visualization techniques. Secondary flow generated at the bifurcation has a similar pattern to a vortex, called the horseshoe vortex, produced around a wall-based protuberance in a circular tube. The same flow disturbance was clearly observed during the decelerating phase of pulsatile flow. The vortex produces a stagnation point on the top and bottom wall just upstream from the bifurcation apex. When aluminium dust was suspended in the test fluid perfusing the blood vessel model, particles deposited over an area spreading from the stagnation point to the lateral corners of the bifurcation. Comparison between the present results and topographical patterns of atherosclerosis reported in the literature suggests that it is in such low shear regions that lipid deposition tends to occur most.
Association of Physics Teachers (1955)

Coalition (PhysTEC) will award new funding to seven universities to develop their physics teacher education programs. The newly selected sites are Arizona State
Adaptive subcarrier and power allocation in OFDM based on maximizing utility (2004)

This paper investigates adaptive resource allocation on the downlink of multiuser OFDM networks to achieve both multiuser diversity and fairness. Utility functions are applied to quantify the level of users' satisfaction derived from the radio resources they occupy. We formulate cross-layer optimization problem as one that maximizes the sum of the utilities over all active users subject to the feasible rate region, which is determined by adaptive resource allocation schemes deployed and the current channel conditions. We present the conditions for optimal subcarrier assignment and power allocation based on utility, and investigate the optimality properties as well. It is also shown that the inherent mechanism of balancing spectral efficiency and fairness is associated with concave utility functions.
Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test (PRNT) in the Congenital Zika Syndrome: Positivity and Associations with Laboratory, Clinical, and Imaging Characteristics (2020)

The short duration of viremia, low blood viral load, inaccessibility to timely specific diagnostic tests, and cross-reactions with other flaviviruses have hindered laboratory confirmation of Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS). This study analyzes the positivity of the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) in children with clinical or imaging characteristics of CZS and its association with laboratory, clinical, and imaging characteristics. The 94 clinical cases of CZS submitted to the ZIKV PRNT<sub>90</sub> test were followed from 2016 to 2018. The mean age of children at PRNT<sub>90</sub> collection was 22 ± 6 months Standard Deviation. The ZIKV PRNT<sub>90</sub> was positive (titer ≥ 10) in 40 (42.5%) children. ZIKV PRNT<sub>90</sub> positivity was associated with severe microcephaly in newborns (<i>p</i> = 0.016), lower head circumference z-score at birth (<i>p</i> = 0.043) and 24 months of age (<i>p</i> = 0.031), and severe reduction of the cerebral parenchyma volume (<i>p</i> = 0.021), expressing greater disease severity. Negative PRNT<sub>90</sub> in children with characteristic signs of CZS may be due to false-negative results, indicating that the diagnosis of CZS should be primarily syndromic.