gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A discrete element model for kaolinite aggregate formation during sedimentation (2007)

Abstract The formation of colloidal aggregates during sedimentation is an important process when considering geotechnical and environmental engineering problems including wastewater treatment systems and slurry wall constructions for waste isolation. In this paper, a quasi three‐dimensional discrete element framework is developed to model aggregate formation during sedimentation by considering the following microscopic inter‐particle forces present in the clay–water–electrolyte system: van der Waals attraction, electrical double‐layer repulsion, Born's repulsion, hydrodynamic viscous drag, and gravity. The role of these physico‐chemical forces in the formation of clay clusters during sedimentation is investigated using an integrated numerical and experimental approach. The discrete element method (DEM) framework has been previously shown to accurately model clay behavior at the microscopic level. The model is validated with experimental data for comparison of distributions of aggregate density and aggregate size. Good agreement between the model prediction and the experimental results is obtained, suggesting that the DEM can be a powerful tool to better understand the aggregate formation process at the microscopic scale. For particle sizes ranging from 0.05 to 1 µm it is also shown, through numerical simulations, that ionic strength of the fluid medium is the controlling factor for aggregate size and density and that at aggregate sizes less than 20 µm, face‐to‐face interactions dominate the force regime between a pair of particles. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chinese remainder theorem based group key management (2007)

In this paper, we present two new centralized group key management protocols based on the Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT). By shifting more computing load onto the key server we optimize the number of re-key broadcast messages, user-side key computation, and number of key storages. The first protocol is the base Chinese Remaindering Group Key (CRGK) protocol, which with a group of n users requires the key server to do O(n) XORs, additions, multiplications, and Extended Euclidean Algorithm computations and broadcast 1 re-key message; each individual user is required to do only 1 modulo arithmetic and 1 XOR operation for each group key update. The second protocol is the Fast Chinese Remaindering Group Key (FCRGK) protocol, which only requires the key server to do O(n) XORs, additions, and multiplications most of the times with no change to the number of re-key messages and user computation per group key update. For both protocols each user only needs to store 2 keys all the time. One special attraction for our FCRGK protocol is that it allows most of the re-keying computation to be done preemptively, which means when a user-join or user-leave event happens the response time for the key server to send out the new group key can be very short.
Sleep Quality and Falls in Older People Living in Self- and Assisted-Care Villages (2008)

Sleep disturbances were common and associated with a variety of psychological, physiological, health and lifestyle factors. Long daytime naps and short night-time sleep periods were associated with an increased risk of falls.
Green Supply Chain Management in Chinese Electronic Manufacturing Organisations (2015)

Green supply chain management and reverse logistics has emerged as a key area of research interest. Recent environmental regulations have also stimulated interest in this field. However, information sharing is a prerequisite to efficient and effective logistics utilisation. Manufacturing organisations in China were argued to be 10-20 years behind their Western counterparts in relation to information sharing in their supply chains (). This barrier needs to be addressed if China is going to maintain and grow its manufacturing position in the world, attempt to address green supply chain issues and their negative externalities. A systematic literature review was undertaken and green supply chain management theoretical framework adopted. The paper explores the perceptions of senior management toward green logistics and information sharing in Chinese electronic manufacturers. Previous research has concentrated on the focal companies (brand owners). This research concentrated on SME organisations further up the supply chain. Semi-structured interviews of eighteen senior managers of electronic manufactures in Jiangsu province China were conducted in 2012. Thematic analysis is applied and the findings contrasted to other research. The paper provides insight to the current status of managers' views on information sharing and green supply chain initiatives. Information platform, skills, investment, and trust emerged as key influences on their willing to engage in information sharing in relation to green supply chains. This research, among others, assists to inform policy for optimal evidence based intervention. Future research directions are also considered.
Hordeivirus Relationships and Genome Organization (1989)

Beneficial microbes in the microbiome of plant roots improve plant health. Induced systemic resistance (ISR) emerged as an important mechanism by which selected plant growth–promoting bacteria and fungi in the rhizosphere prime the whole plant body for ...Read More
Investigations into the mechanism of action of nitrobenzene as a mild dehydrogenating agent under acid-catalysed conditions (2003)

Protonated nitrobenzene can be used to dehydrogenate a range of hydrocarbons, which already possess at least one double bond. Kinetic and spectroscopic results, together with known electrode potentials, yield approximate limits within which protonated nitrobenzenes can be expected to effect dehydrogenation of hydroaromatic compounds. A high yielding synthesis of benzo[j]fluoranthene is described.
Exergy destruction characteristics of a transcritical carbon dioxide two-stage compression/ejector refrigeration system for low-temperature cold storage (2022)

Cold storage is an irreplaceable part of food cold chain. In the present study, a novel transcritical carbon dioxide two-stage compression/ejector refrigeration system for low-temperature cold storage is proposed to freeze and refrigerate food. Also, a combination of conventional and advanced exergy methods is adopted to evaluate the exergy destruction characteristics inside the system. According to the advanced exergy method, 69.88% of the exergy destruction is endogenous, which suggesting that exergy destruction of the system is primarily contributed to the irreversibility of components themselves, meanwhile, the interactions between components are not very close. Among all components, the high-pressure compressor possesses the most tremendous avoidable endogenous exergy destruction, indicating that it has the maximum potential for optimization. And the rest of the improved order is the ejector, low-pressure compressor, evaporator, gas cooler and intercooler, while the high-pressure and low-pressure expansion valves have the lowest priority for optimization. Remarkably, there is a significant discrepancy between the conclusions obtained from these two exergy methods. Furthermore, the system was also found to have a COP of 0.42 under the actual operating condition and 0.62 under the unavoidable operating condition. The impacts of the ejector and compressor efficiencies, as well as discharge and intermediate pressure upon theoretical exergetic performance of the system are considered. The system exergy efficiency is respectively increased by 5.78%, 36.2% and 50% as the ejector, low-pressure and high-pressure compressor efficiencies ranging from 0.5 to 0.9. In addition, there exists an optimal intermediate pressure of 4.25 MPa and an optimal discharge pressure of 8.75 MPa from the perspective of system exergy efficiency.
UV spectroscopic instrumentation for formaldehyde detection in the indoor environment (2014)

The aim of this project was to assess the feasibility of using UV spectroscopy for a simple\ndetection system for formaldehyde gas in the indoor environment. Formaldehyde gas is\nhazardous to human health causing irritation of the eyes, nose and throat, headaches, limited\npulmonary function and is a potential carcinogen. Formaldehyde derivatives are used in\nplywood and fibre board, carpeting, fabrics and some paints. The gas can be emitted from\nthese materials and can build up in the indoor environment. Current methods for detecting\nformaldehyde gas that are simple, reliable and inexpensive are limited.\nA literature study of chemicals common to the indoor environment was carried out, and their\nUV absorption spectra compared to that of formaldehyde. 85 substances and substance\ngroups were considered, 11 of which had absorption spectra that overlapped with the\nformaldehyde UV absorption band. A region was found between 320 and 360nm with very\nlittle spectral interference. Given the number of gases considered, this was a surprising result.\nFormaldehyde has several strong absorption peaks between regions of very low absorption,\nallowing for low resolution detection using a single LED source. Two prototype detection\nsystems were developed. The first used a UV LED light source and used a beam splitter to\nprovide one detection channel and one reference channel. The channels used narrow band\n(laser-line) optical filters.\nIt was thoroughly optimised for noise performance, giving a best case limit of detection of\n4.2ppm, limited by source fluctuation and shot noise, and LED thermal drift. Future\ndevelopments could include a temperature controller inside the casing of the LED, or a multi-\npass gas cell to increase sensitivity. With only two channels, the two filter system was\nsusceptible to spectral interference from nitrogen dioxide and nitric acid.\nThe second prototype system was developed using a novel method of passing un-collimated\nlight through a laser-line filter to produce multiple wavelength channels with an angular\nspread. The principle was validated using two-channel detection with a limit of detection of\n6ppm.
VI.—The Younger Rock Series of New Zealand (1912)

In the December number of the Geological Magazine, 1911, pp. 539–49, appeared an article by Professor James Park, F.G.S., on the Lower Tertiaries and Upper Cretaceous of New Zealand. As the author indicates, this article is largely a criticism of a paper on the the Younger Rock Series of New Zealand, written by Mr. R. Speight, Lecturer on Geology, Canterbury College, Mr. C. A. Cotton, Lecturer on Geology, Victoria College, and myself. You will doubtless understand from this statement that with the exception of Professor Thomas, of Auckland, with whom we had no opportunity of collaborating, all of those who are at present engaged in teaching geology in the University of New Zealand are co-anthors.
Epidemiology of gastric cancer. (2004)

The most recent estimates of global cancer incidence indicate that in 1990 stomach cancer was the second most frequent cancer in the world (after lung cancer), with about 800,000 new cases diagnosed every year (Parkin et al., 1999). Steady declines in incidence rates of gastric cancer have been observed worldwide in the last few decades. The exact causes of the decline are not well understood, but may include improvements in diet and food storage and a decline in the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection. Dietary modifications remain potentially one of the most important tools for the prevention of gastric cancer. Control of H. pylori infection, by indirect means such as improving the general sanitary conditions or by direct intervention such as eradication or immunization, is also likely to offer great potential for prevention.
Cosmogenic nuclide evidence for enhanced sensitivity of an East Antarctic ice stream to change during the last deglaciation (2010)

Glacial sediments from the Prince Charles Mountains, East Antarctica, record late Pleistocene ice thickness variability in the Lambert Glacier–Amery Ice Shelf system, one of the world's largest ice drainages. A former glacial limit, demarcated by minimally weathered deposits, follows a concave longitudinal profile, indicating a zone of strong ice streaming through the northernmost 500 km of the Lambert Graben. In situ 10Be and 26Al exposure ages from these relatively unweathered deposits indicate that the most recent phase of ice lowering occurred between ca. 18 and 8 ka, preceding by as many as 6 k.y. the deglaciation of adjacent coastal regions. Earlier onset of deglaciation in an area of strong ice streaming suggests a heightened sensitivity of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet to climate and sea-level changes following the Last Glacial Maximum than previously recognized. © 2011, Geological Society of America
Demanding good governance : a stocktaking of social accountability initiatives by civil society in anglophone Africa (2006)

The World Bank enjoys copyright under protocol 2 of the Universal Copyright Convention. This material may nonetheless be copied for research, educational, or scholarly purposes only in the member countries of The World Bank. Material in this series is subject to revision. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed herein are those of the author(s), and do not necessarily reflect the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank and its affiliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent.The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgement on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of
Seismology in Australia and Around the World - Part II (1959)

Other| March 01, 1959 Seismology in Australia and Around the World - Part II Dean S. Carder Dean S. Carder Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information Dean S. Carder Publisher: Seismological Society of America First Online: 03 Mar 2017 Online Issn: 1938-2057 Print Issn: 0895-0695 © 1959 by the Seismological Society of America Seismological Research Letters (1959) 30 (1): 5–9. https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.30.1.5 Article history First Online: 03 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation Dean S. Carder; Seismology in Australia and Around the World - Part II. Seismological Research Letters 1959;; 30 (1): 5–9. doi: https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.30.1.5 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietySeismological Research Letters Search Advanced Search This content is PDF only. Please click on the PDF icon to access. First Page Preview Close Modal You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
Nutrient Level of a Young Tropical Hydroelectric Dam Reservoir in Sarawak, Malaysia (2018)

Monitoring the nutrient level of a reservoir is crucial as excess nutrients can lead to hypoxia and fish kills in the reservoir. Hence, this study was carried out to examine the nutrient level of the Bakun reservoir, which is a newly built hydroelectric reservoir in Sarawak, Malaysia. Water samples were taken at five stations in the reservoir at three different depths (surface layer, 10 m, and 20 m) in November 2013. The present study demonstrated that Bakun reservoir contained low nitrite-nitrogen (≈ 0.005 mg/L) and nitrate-nitrogen (≈ 0.005 mg/L) concentrations but high five-day biochemical oxygen demand (≈ 4.73 mg/L) and organic Kjeldahl nitrogen (≈ 0.16 mg/L) concentrations indicating that organic pollution occurred in the reservoir. On the other hand, a mean total phosphorus concentration of 98.3 μg/L in the Bakun reservoir complied with the 200 μg/L standard value of Class II according to National Water Quality Standards in Malaysia. The nutrient level in the Bakun reservoir differed according to sampling stations and depths. Samplings stations located at Murum River downstream of the Murum dam construction site showed peak value of turbidity (182 FNU) and organic Kjeldahl nitrogen (0.45 mg/L) particularly at deeper water column. Batang Balui and Linau River were observed with higher five-day biochemical oxygen demand (> 6 mg/L) compared to other stations. Station near to the Bakun hydroelectric dam contained relatively high nitrite-nitrogen and total phosphorus concentrations but low nitrate-nitrogen and organic Kjeldahl nitrogen concentrations. Anthropogenic activities such as floating house and Murum dam construction have influenced the nutrients level in the reservoir. Keywords : Bakun hydroelectric reservoir, dam construction, nitrogen, phosphorus, turbidity
STUDY OF NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS OF TRICHOPHYTON TONSURANS (1954)

TRICHOPHYTON tonsurans has assumed importance<sup>*</sup>because of the increasing frequency of scalp infections with this endothrix organism. The literature discloses little information on its metabolism since the report in 1887 by Verujski<sup>3</sup>on the influences of acidity, alkalinity, various hydrocarbons, and urea on its growth. Oyama,<sup>4</sup>cited by Robbins and Kavanagh,<sup>5</sup>found that thiamine had no effect on the fungus, but that rice polishings were stimulatory. Burkholder and Moyer<sup>6</sup>stated that T. tonsurans (T. sulfureum) required thiamine but was not stimulated by the addition of liver or peptone. Drouhet and Mariat<sup>7</sup>recently reported that their strains of T. tonsurans required the pyrimidine fraction of thiamine, and that organic, especially amino, nitrogen was necessary for satisfactory growth. The purpose of this study was to obtain information regarding the vitamin, nitrogen, and carbon requirements for T. tonsurans. METHOD Fifteen strains were investigated (Table 1). One strain
Vaccinia virus semaphorin A39R is a 50–55 kDa secreted glycoprotein that affects the outcome of infection in a murine intradermal model (2001)

Vaccinia virus (VV) protein A39R has amino acid similarity to the extracellular domain of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked cell surface semaphorin (SEMA7A/CDw108) that has an immunological expression profile and binding properties, thereby implicating A39R as an immunomodulator. Previously, a closely related A39R protein expressed by ectromelia virus was shown to induce cytokine production and up-regulate ICAM-1 expression in mouse monocytes in vitro. In this study, we show that the A39R gene of VV strain Copenhagen (COP) encodes a 50-55 kDa secreted glycoprotein and is expressed late during infection. The A39R protein was secreted by eight of 15 strains of VV, but not by strain Western Reserve (WR). To analyse the VV A39R function, several recombinant viruses were made, including an A39R deletion mutant of VV COP and a WR mutant containing the A39R sequence from COP. Loss of the gene from COP did not affect virus growth in vitro, or VV virulence in a mouse intranasal model, and had only a slight effect on lesion size in an intradermal model. In contrast, expression of COP A39R by VV WR was associated with an increase in the severity and persistence of skin lesions after intradermal infection of mice. Finally, a histological examination of mouse skin infected with recombinant viruses suggested that A39R has direct or indirect pro-inflammatory properties.
The use of cumulative sums for detection of changepoints in the rate parameter of a Poisson (2007)

The problem of estimation of the rate parameter of a Poisson process when
the rate is piecewise constant with unknown number of pieces and changepoint
locations is studied. A binary segmentation algorithm in conjunction with a
cumulative sum statistic for detection of the changepoints is proposed. The
asymptotic distribution of the proposed statistic is derived, its consistency is
proved and the limiting distribution of the estimate of the changepoint is ob-
tained. Also, inference of the piecewise constant rate parameter is addressed. A
Monte Carlo analysis shows the good performance of the proposed cumulative
sum approach, which is illustrated with a real data example.
Investigation of Transmission Process for Ultrasonic Wave in Wood (2003)

Among the nondestructive evaluation (NDE) methods for wood defect detection, ultrasonic wave has been considered as competitive technique in terms of economics and workability. Until now, researches on application of NDE methods for wood have focused mainly on standing tree and logs. Recently, some attempts have been conducted with NDE technique, for evaluation of wooden structural members. However, wooden structural members are different from others (standing tree or log) in various aspects. Expecially when some parts or whole member are covered with other materials, they can't be evaluated appropriately on general NDE methods. For the purpose of development of proper NDE technique for the wooden structural members, the ultrasonic wave transmission process investigated on artificial defect in wood. First, various types of transmission process were assumed, and then the transmission times were predicted respectively. Predicted times were compared with the measured time of ultrasonic wave and then a suitable type of transmission process is determined. In case of the ultrasonic wave doesn’t transmit directly due to defect, it is reflected once only at the opposite surface of member, and the path is accord with the line of shortest length.
Lactose-reversible coaggregation between oral actinomycetes and Streptococcus sanguis (1981)

Freshly isolated strains of oral actinomycetes were obtained from human dental plaque and were tested for the ability to coaggregate with common laboratory stock strains of Streptococcus sanguis. Strains belonging to the genera Actinomyces, Arachnia, Bifidobacterium, and Bacterionema were isolated. Only members of the genus Actinomyces coaggregated with the streptococci, and only Actinomyces viscosus and Actinomyces naeslundii exhibited lactose-reversible interactions. A total of 61 strains, consisting of all of the A. viscosus isolates and 86% of the A. naeslundii isolates, coaggregated; 87% inhibited lactose-reversible coaggregation. On the basis of this property and the altered ability of strains to coaggregate after heat treatment of the cells, we delineated four coaggregation groups. The other 13% of the strains constituted a fifth group, which was characterized by a pattern of closely related interactions that were not reversed by lactose. Compared with previously characterized coaggregation properties determined with stock culture strains of actinomycetes, more than 80% of these fresh isolates exhibited identical coaggregation properties. Thus, most of the coaggregation between freshly isolated oral actinomycetes and streptococci involves lactose-reversible cell-cell interactions, which suggests that such coaggregation is mediated by a network of lectin-carbohydrate interactions between complementary cell surface structures on the two cell types.