gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Trypsin activates pancreatic duct epithelial cell ion channels through proteinase-activated receptor-2 (1999)

Proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) is a G protein-coupled receptor that is cleaved by trypsin within the NH2-terminus, exposing a tethered ligand that binds and activates the receptor. We examined the secretory effects of trypsin, mediated through PAR-2, on well-differentiated nontransformed dog pancreatic duct epithelial cells (PDEC). Trypsin and activating peptide (AP or SLIGRL-NH2, corresponding to the PAR-2 tethered ligand) stimulated both an 125I- efflux inhibited by Ca2+-activated Cl- channel inhibitors and a 86Rb+ efflux inhibited by a Ca2+-activated K+ channel inhibitor. The reverse peptide (LRGILS-NH2) and inhibited trypsin were inactive. Thrombin had no effect, suggesting absence of PAR-1, PAR-3, or PAR-4. In Ussing chambers, trypsin and AP stimulated a short-circuit current from the basolateral, but not apical, surface of PDEC monolayers. In monolayers permeabilized basolaterally or apically with nystatin, AP activated apical Cl- and basolateral K+ conductances. PAR-2 agonists increased [Ca2+]i in PDEC, and the calcium chelator BAPTA inhibited the secretory effects of AP. PAR-2 expression on dog pancreatic ducts and PDEC was verified by immunofluorescence. Thus, trypsin interacts with basolateral PAR-2 to increase [Ca2+]i and activate ion channels in PDEC. In pancreatitis, when trypsinogen is prematurely activated, PAR-2-mediated ductal secretion may promote clearance of toxins and debris.
Unusual Crystalline Inclusions in a Case of AIDS-related Complex (1987)

A lymph node of a patient with AIDS-related complex was studied with light and electron microscopic techniques. In numerous plasma cells and follicular center cells amorphous and unusual crystalline structures which probably consist of abnormal immunoglobulin could be found.
Synchrony and mutual stimulation of yeast cells during fast glycolytic oscillations (1992)

Cell synchrony was investigated during glycolytic oscillations in starved yeast cell suspensions at cell densities ranging from 2 × 106-5 × 107cells ml-1. Oscillations in NAD(P)H were triggered by inhibition of mitochondrial respiration when intracellular NAD(P)H had reached a steady state after glucose addition. Before macroscopic damping of the oscillations, individual yeast cells oscillated in phase with the cell population. After oscillations had damped out macroscopically, a significant fraction of the cells still exhibited oscillatory dynamics, slightly out-of-phase. At cell concentrations higher than 107cells ml-1the dependence upon cell-density of (i) the damping of glycolytic oscillations and (ii) the amplitude per cell suggested that cell-to-cell interaction occurred. Most importantly, at cell densities exceeding 107cells ml-1the damping was much weaker. A combination of modelling studies and experimental analysis of the kinetics of damping of oscillations and their amplitude, with and without added ethanol, pyruvate or acetaldehyde, suggested that the autonomous glycolytic oscillations of the yeast cells depend upon the balance between oxidative and reductive (ethanol catabolism) fluxes of NADH, which is affected by the extracellular concentration of ethanol. Based on the facts that cell (i) excrete ethanol, (ii) are able to catabolize external ethanol, and (iii) that this catabolism affects their tendency to oscillate, we suggest that the dependence of the oscillations on cell density is mediated through the concentration of ethanol in the medium.
A Text Message Delivered Smoking Cessation Intervention: The Initial Trial of TXT-2-Quit: Randomized Controlled Trial (2013)

ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01166464; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01166464 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6IOE8XdE0).
In vitro activities of parenteral beta-lactam antimicrobials against TEM-10-, TEM-26- and SHV-5-derived extended-spectrum beta-lactamases expressed in an isogenic Escherichia coli host (2000)

The in vitro activities were determined and time-kill studies of cefepime, imipenem-cilastatin, meropenem and piperacillin-tazobactam were performed against SHVand TEM-derived extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs). Sequence-confirmed SHV-5, TEM-10 and TEM-26 beta-lactamases were transferred into Escherichia coli C600N by conjugation. Imipenem and meropenem were more active (MIC range 0. 0625-0.25 mg/L) than cefepime (MIC range 2-8 mg/L) and piperacillin-tazobactam (MIC range 8-32 mg/L). Regrowth of strains expressing TEM-10 and TEM-26 was noted at all cefepime and piperacillin-tazobactam concentrations studied. Imipenem-cilastatin and meropenem demonstrated rapid, sustained bactericidal activity uninfluenced by the type of ESBL expressed.
Phosphorylation of Human Erythrocyte Pyruvate Kinase by Soluble Cyclic‐AMP‐Dependend Protein Kinases (1980)

Human red cell contain soluble adenosine-3',5'-phosphate-dependent protein kinases, which are able to phosphorylate the L' subunits of erythrocyte pyruvate kinase. Efficiency and maximum level of phosphorylation are very comparable in human liver and red cells. Phosphorylation of red cell pyruvate kinase results in the same kinetic modifications as for liver enzyme, namely a shift towards a 'T' allosteric state characterized by a decreased affinity for phosphoenolpyruvate and increased inhibition by the allosteric inhibitors ATP and alanine. In the course of red cell aging a small amount of partially proteolysed pyruvate kinase, devoid of the phosphorylatable site, appears; it resembles the subtilisin-treated L'4 enzyme and accounts for less than 20% of total pyruvate kinase subunits. Endogenous phosphorylation of pyruvate kinase from erythrocytes incubated in the presence of cyclic nucleotides produces the same kinetic modifications as phosphorylation in partially purified extract; this, however, does not change glucose consumption, lactate production and glycolytic intermediate concentrations of the incubated cells.
ChemInform Abstract: CLEAVAGE OF HEXAMETHYLPHOSPHORAMIDE BY MEANS OF N‐BUTYLLITHIUM (1974)

Abstract Bei der Zugabe von n‐Butyllithium (I) zu Hexamethylphosphorsäureamid (II) in Äther oder THF bei 0‐25°C entstehen rote Lösungen, die das Lithium‐bis‐(dimethylamino)‐phosphat (III), Lithiumdimethylamid (IV) und Butan (V) enthalten.
Thyroxine-Triiodothyronine Combination Therapy<i>Versus</i>Thyroxine Monotherapy for Clinical Hypothyroidism: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials (2006)

T(4) monotherapy should remain the treatment of choice for clinical hypothyroidism.
GRAPE-II: Graphical RApid Prototyping Environment for Digital Signal Processing Systems (1994)

The paper describes GRAPE-II (Graphical RApid Prototyping Environment), an advanced system level development environment for the specification, compilation, debugging, simulation and emulation of complete DSP applications. GRAPE-II fully supports the real-time emulation of synchronous multi-rate applications on heterogeneous target platforms, consisting of multiple TMS320C40 processors, DSP5600x processors, core processors and Xilinx FPGAs. Ports to the TMS320C80 and the Analog Devices 21060 are foreseen for the near future. GRAPEII also allows for the simulation and debugging of asynchronous as well as synchronous multi-rate applications on a single Unix workstation, on a Unix workstation cluster, on a Meiko Computing Surface and on a Parsytec Xplorer parallel machine. GRAPE-II is commercialised under the name Virtuoso Synchro by Intelligent Systems International. Development costs for such ASICs are high, so algorithms should be thoroughly tested and optimized before implementation...
Efficient combination of Lidar intensity and 3D information by DNN for pedestrian recognition with high and low density 3D sensor (2017)

Pedestrian recognition is one of the key components for assisted and autonomous driving. So far many researchers have investigated systems combining a high density LIDAR with cameras or stereo, which results in an expensive and complex setup where the LIDAR data is mostly used to extract regions of interest for the 2D sensor. Very few work has focused on using pure 3D data coming from the LIDAR to recognize pedestrians, and even less have made an intensive use of the intensity information returned by the LIDAR. The intensity information displays a high frequency change between neighboring points of similar material, this can be due to the angle or distance. Due to this, it has not been frequently investigated as a potentially interesting feature as it would require extensive time consuming feature engineering to be worthwhile. In this paper we present a novel 2D representation of a 3D point cloud including the intensity information. We show the ability of convolutional neural networks to handle this data in order to accurately recognize pedestrians in complex driving scenes. Our system outperformed state of the art technique on the STC database. Additionally we show that this system is still highly accurate on low density LIDAR data.
Clinical Utility of Auditory Steady State Response in Children (2015)

Despite the appeal of an objective measure for determining frequency-specific hearing thresholds, the integration of ASSR into everyday practice has not been embraced; many clinics citing poor correlations with behavioral auditory thresholds. This retrospective study compared thresholds obtained from both ASSR and behavioral audiometry to demonstrate a strong correlation between ASSR and behavioral thresholds as a function of frequency and degree of hearing loss. Results demonstrate ASSR is an effective measure for threshold estimation for ongoing treatment of hearing loss.
Synthesis of 1,1-Disubstituted Indenes and Dihydronaphthalenes through C–C/C–C Bond-Forming Pd-Catalyzed Autotandem Reactions (2017)

A novel synthesis of 1,1-disubstituted 1H-indenes is described involving the Pd-catalyzed cascade reaction between o-bromophenyl-β-bromostyrenes and N-tosylhydrazones in a process comprising the consecutive formation of two Csp<sup>3</sup>-C bonds on the same carbon atom: the cross-coupling of the N-tosylhydrazone with the alkenyl bromide and the intramolecular Heck reaction on the newly formed double bond. A similar approach has been applied to the preparation of 1,1-disubstituted naphthalenes.
INVESTIGATION OF FREQUENCY-INDEPENDENT IMPEDANCE BEHAVIOR IN CONDUCTING POLYMERS (2010)

Ph.D.
<i>Staphylococcus Aureus</i> Evasion of Innate Antimicrobial Defense (2008)

Bacterial pathogens colonize human body surfaces soon after birth. In order to survive the constant threat of invasion and infection, the human innate immune system has evolved several efficient mechanisms to prevent harmful microorganisms from traversing epithelial barriers. These include cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs) such as defensins and the cathelicidin LL-37, bacteriolytic enzymes such as lysozyme, antimicrobial fatty acids, toxic oxygen- or nitrogen-containing molecules, the bacteriolytic complement components and further mechanisms with indirect impacts on bacterial multiplication. Staphylococcus aureus is an important human commensal and pathogen. In order to successfully establish an infection, S. aureus has evolved several mechanisms to resist the innate immune system. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms employed by S. aureus to achieve protection against antimicrobial host defense molecules with special emphasis on CAMPs. Lessons from recent studies on antimicrobial host defense molecules and cognate bacterial resistance adaptation should help in the development of more sustainable anti-infective compounds.
Three-dimensional true-amplitude zero-offset migration (1991)

Abstract The primary zero-offset reflection of a point source from a smooth reflector within a laterally inhomogeneous velocity earth model is (within the framework of ray theory) defined by parameters pertaining to the normal-incidence ray. The geometrical-spreading factor--usually computed along the ray by dynamic-ray tracing in a forward-modeling approach--can, in this case, be recovered from traveltime measurements at the surface. As a consequence, zero-offset reflections can be time migrated such that the geometrical-spreading factor for the normal-incidence ray is removed. This leads to a so-called 'true-amplitude time migration.' In this work, true-amplitude time-migrated reflections are obtained by nothing more than a simple diffraction stack essentially followed by a time derivative of the diffraction-stack traces. For small transmission losses of primary zero-offset reflections through intermediate-layer boundaries, the true-amplitude time-migrated reflection provides a direct measure of the reflection coefficient at the reflecting lower end of the normal-incidence ray. The time-migrated field can be easily transformed into a depth-migrated field with the help of image rays.
FATIGUE AND UNDERFEEDING IMPAIR COLD RESPONSES 552 (1997)

Thermoregulation of eight men (28±5 yrs) was assessed during 4-h cold air exposure (CA, 10°C) immediately after (<2-h, A) 61-d strenous military training (US Army Ranger School, daily training ≃ 20 hr/d, energy expenditure ≃ 4150 kcal/d and energy intake ≃ 3300 kcal/d), and following short (48-h, SR) and long (109-d, LR) recovery. During recovery, food, fluid and activity were ad libitum. Body weights (kg) decreased(p<0.05) from before training (75±8) to A (68±5), then increased (p<0.05) with SR (74±5), and LR (80±5). Body fat was 12±3% during A and SR, and increased to 21±3% during LR. Rectal temperature (Tre) was lower (p<0.05) before and during CA for A than SR and LR. Although Tre before CA was higher for SR than LR, Tre decreased during CA in SR but not LR. Skin temperature tended to be lower (p<0.06) in LR than SR and A, and the subcutaneous fat thickness-insulation relationship indicated that non-fatty shell insulation(vasoconstriction) was greater during LR than A or SR. Metabolic rate (˙M, W/m2) before CA was lower during A (49±15) than SR(68±11) and LR (63±7). The ˙M - mean body temperature relationship indicated no sensitivity differences, but the threshold (°C) for increasing metabolism was lower during A (34.67) than SR (37.02) and LR(35.83), which also differed. Sustained fatigue and negative energy balance appear to blunt basal metabolism, as well as shivering and vasoconstrictor responses to cold, leading to lower body temperatures. Acute refeeding during short recovery elevates metabolism, but longer recovery is required to restore vasoconstrictor responses and insulation sufficiently to defend body temperature during cold exposure.
Noise pollution in the 21st century (2014)

What will 21st century noise be and sound like? Will this century be noisier than the 20th century? What changes to noise policy and noise control are we likely? This paper explores these questions. The historical context of the last 100 years will be used to examine and understand the possibilities for the next 100 years.
Advances in the identification of γ-secretase inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (2011)

Studies in both transgenic and non-transgenic animal models of AD have indicated that γ-secretase inhibitors, administered by the oral route, are able to lower brain Aβ concentrations. However, scanty data are available on the effects of these compounds on brain Aβ deposition after prolonged administration. γ-Secretase inhibitors may cause significant toxicity in experimental animals and in humans believed to be associated with the inhibition of the cleavage of Notch, a transmembrane receptor involved in regulating cell-fate decisions. Unfortunately, two large Phase III clinical trials of semagacestat in mild-to-moderate AD patients were prematurely interrupted because of the observation of a detrimental cognitive and functional effects of the drug, possibly due to its lack of selectivity on APP processing. New APP-selective γ-secretase inhibitors are being developed with the hope of overcoming the previous setbacks.
Proteomics study of human cord blood reticulocyte-derived exosomes (2018)

Reticulocyte-derived exosomes (Rex), extracellular vesicles of endocytic origin, were initially discovered as a cargo-disposal mechanism of obsolete proteins in the maturation of reticulocytes into erythrocytes. In this work, we present the first mass spectrometry-based proteomics of human Rex (HuRex). HuRex were isolated from cultures of human reticulocyte-enriched cord blood using different culture conditions and exosome isolation methods. The newly described proteome consists of 367 proteins, most of them related to exosomes as revealed by gene ontology over-representation analysis and include multiple transporters as well as proteins involved in exosome biogenesis and erythrocytic disorders. Immunoelectron microscopy validated the presence of the transferrin receptor. Moreover, functional assays demonstrated active capture of HuRex by mature dendritic cells. As only seven proteins have been previously associated with HuRex, this resource will facilitate studies on the role of human reticulocyte-derived exosomes in normal and pathological conditions affecting erythropoiesis.
Setting up an information system on spreading and data standardisation (2001)

Recycling organic materials by spreading is often the best solution for eliminating and exploiting them. The process needs a strict framework and must be managed rigorously by the public authorities. Setting up a departmental information system provides suitable conditions for efficient monitoring of spreading practices and their acceptance by society. / Le recyclage des matières organiques par épandage est souvent la meilleure solution pour leur élimination et leur valorisation. Cette filière doit être encadrée et contrôlée de manière rigoureuse par les pouvoirs publics. La mise en place d'un système d'information départemental crée les conditions propices à un suivi efficace de ces pratiques d'épandage et à leur acceptabilité sociale.
Role of reactive oxygen species and phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase in cardiomyocyte differentiation of embryonic stem cells (2000)

Cardiotypic development in embryonic stem cell-derived embryoid bodies may be regulated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS were generated by a NADPH oxidase-like enzyme which was transiently expressed during the time course of embryoid body development. Incubation with either H(2)O(2) or menadione enhanced cardiomyogenesis, whereas the radical scavengers trolox, pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate and N-acetylcysteine exerted inhibitory effects. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI-3-kinase) inhibitors LY294002 and wortmannin abolished cardiac commitment and downregulated ROS in embryoid bodies. Coadministration of LY294002 with prooxidants resumed cardiomyocyte differentiation, indicating a role for PI-3-kinase in the regulation of the intracellular redox state.
Evaluating Tire Pressure Control Systems (TPCS) to Improve Productivity and Mitigate Pavement Damage (2008)

The imposition of seasonal load restrictions (SLR) on the thaw-weakened secondary roads interrupt the transportation of raw materials to processing facilities; for the forestry industry in particular, this has very significant impacts on productivity and costs. FPInnovations-Feric Division (Feric) has investigated the potential for Tire Pressure Control System (TPCS)-equipped trucks to travel with full, legal loading during the SLR period without accelerating road damage. The TPCS monitors and adjusts the inflation pressure of the trucks' tires from within the truck's cabin. This paper describes an investigation to determine whether TPCS can be used to mitigate traffic generated damage to secondary roads and also reduce the need to implement load restrictions.
A profile of women who seek counseling for sexual dysfunction (1979)

Abstract This study is based on a statistical analysis of 240 client records. The task of the study was to determine the variables inherent to women with diagnosed sexual problems. Data were secured for 93 variables in four classifications—sociological, sexological, psychological, and counseling. Frequency distributions revealed sociological characteristics which were representative of young, middle-class, well-educated women, except for a greater incidence of divorce and separation. Typical sexual experiences included extramarital relationships, oral and anal intercourse, masturbation, and childhood sexual contacts with adult males who were either a member or friend of the family. Compared to other reports of sexual experience, clients showed greater frequencies of intercourse, homosexual and extramarital experience, and childhood sexual contacts with adult males, but less frequency of orgasm. In addition, mean T-scores were moderately elevated (60–69) for eight of 13 MMPI scales.
Finding the Minimal DFA of Very Large Finite State Automata with an\n Application to Token Passing Networks (2011)

Finite state automata (FSA) are ubiquitous in computer science. Two of the\nmost important algorithms for FSA processing are the conversion of a\nnon-deterministic finite automaton (NFA) to a deterministic finite automaton\n(DFA), and then the production of the unique minimal DFA for the original NFA.\nWe exhibit a parallel disk-based algorithm that uses a cluster of 29 commodity\ncomputers to produce an intermediate DFA with almost two billion states and\nthen continues by producing the corresponding unique minimal DFA with less than\n800,000 states. The largest previous such computation in the literature was\ncarried out on a 512-processor CM-5 supercomputer in 1996. That computation\nproduced an intermediate DFA with 525,000 states and an unreported number of\nstates for the corresponding minimal DFA. The work is used to provide strong\nexperimental evidence satisfying a conjecture on a series of token passing\nnetworks. The conjecture concerns stack sortable permutations for a finite\nstack and a 3-buffer. The origins of this problem lie in the work on restricted\npermutations begun by Knuth and Tarjan in the late 1960s. The parallel\ndisk-based computation is also compared with both a single-threaded and\nmulti-threaded RAM-based implementation using a 16-core 128 GB large shared\nmemory computer.\n
Biodegradable lactone copolymers. I. Characterization and mechanical behavior of ?-caprolactone and lactide copolymers (1996)

Copolymers of ε-caprolactone and L-lactide (ε-CL/L-LA) and ε-caprolactone and DL-lactide (ε-CL/DL-LA) were synthesized with compositions 80/20, 60/40, and 40/60 (wt % in feed). The polymerization temperature was 140°C and Sn(II)octoate was used as a catalyst. The effect of the comonomer ratio on the thermal and mechanical properties of the copolymers was investigated by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry, and tensile testing. The copolymers differed widely in their physical characteristics, ranging from weak elastomers to tougher thermoplastics according to the ratio of ε-CL and LA in the copolymerization. Poly(L-lactide) (PLLA), poly(DL-lactide) (PDLLA), and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) homopolymers were studied as references. The tensile modulus and tensile strength were much higher for PLLA, PDLLA, and PCL homopolymers than for the copolymers. The maximum strain was very low for PLLA and PDLLA, whereas the copolymers and PCL exhibited large elongation. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.