gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reaction of a N-anthrylcarbonylthiourea derivative with Cu2+ or H+: unusual rearrangement to a highly fluorescent S-(9-anthryl)isothiouronium salt (2000)

For the fluorescent ligand 1-(9-anthrylcarbonyl)-3,3-tetramethylenethiourea with Cu(ClO4)2 or strong acids an unusual rearrangement reaction occurred yielding a highly emissive S-(9-anthryl)isothiouronium salt. This rearrangement product was characterised by NMR spectroscopy and X-ray analysis as well as absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. Additionally, the chemical and complexation behaviour of the N-anthrylcarbonylthiourea derivative is compared to that of its naphthyl and phenyl analogues.
Shaking Force Optimization of Four-Bar Linkage With Adjustable Constraints on Ground Bearing Forces (1975)

A method for partial force balancing of four-bar linkages, which allows control over the increase in ground bearing forces, is presented. A novel adaptation of the Lagrange Multiplier method makes it possible to obtain design equations for appropriate counterweights.
ChemInform Abstract: Patterned Nanostructured Arrays for High‐Density Magnetic Recording (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
4 pi direction sensitive gamma imager with RENA-3 readout ASIC (2007)

A 4π direction-sensitive gamma imager is presented, using a 1 cm<sup>3</sup> 3D CZT detector from Yinnel Tech and the RENA-3 readout ASIC from NOVA R&D. The measured readout system electronic noise is around 4-5 keV FWHM for all anode channels. The measured timing resolution between two channels within a single ASIC is around 10 ns and the resolution is 30 ns between two separate ASIC chips. After 3D material non-uniformity and charge trapping corrections, the measured single-pixel-event energy resolution is around 1% for Cs-137 at 662 keV using a 1 cm<sup>3</sup> CZT detector from Yinnel Tech with an 8 x 8 anode pixel array at 1.15 mm pitch. The energy resolution for two pixel events is 2.9%. A 10 uCi Cs-137 point source was moved around the detector to test the image reconstruction algorithms and demonstrate the source direction detection capability. Accurate source locations were reconstructed with around 200 two-pixel events within a total energy window ±10 keV around the 662 keV full energy peak. The angular resolution FWHM at four of the five positions tested was between 0.05-0.07 steradians.
High-Yield Preparation of Oligomeric C-Type DNA Toroids and Their Characterization by Cryoelectron Microscopy (1998)

The quantitative and reversible compaction of open circular plasmid DNA (7676 bp) into toroids containing one to 19 molecules by sequential treatment with spermine and an excess of uranyl acetate is reported. The toroidal DNA structure was proven by cryoelectron microscopy. Linearized and supercoiled variants of the DNA also gave toroids under these conditions, but yields were significantly lower. In the presence of spermine alone no toroids were found. Open circular plasmid B-DNA helix was converted into the C-type helical form upon compaction as was shown by CD spectroscopy (negative peak at 255 nm) and electron microscopy (1.8-nm interduplex distance instead of 2.9 nm). Addition of uranyl salt to the DNA−spermine complexes resulted in the formation of netlike assemblies which further compacted to give toroids. A model containing a hexagonal arrangement of DNA strands with extensive strand crossings is proposed. Curvature and thus toroid formation is thought to be induced by the hydrophobic DNA coating of spermine methylene groups.
Traffic characterization and classification of users of land mobile communications channels (1984)

An analysis of traffic parameters for different types of users of land mobile radio (LMR) communications channels is presented. Based on audio monitoring of voice traffic, this analysis provides valuable information concerning efficiency of channel utilization by users; such information corroborates results already obtained through RF carrier monitoring. In addition, a user classification strategy, based on their message characteristics, is proposed and different procedures are suggested for estimating user message length when only base station information is available. Finally, the effects of grouping two users on the same channel are discussed from both channel allocation and grade of service points of view.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of 2‐Quinolones by Sequential Heck Reduction—Cyclization (HRC) Reactions by Using a Multitask Palladium Catalyst. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A fast time-domain EM-TCAD coupled simulation framework via matrix exponential (2012)

We present a fast time-domain multiphysics simulation framework that combines full-wave electromagnetism (EM) and carrier transport in semiconductor devices (TCAD). The proposed framework features a division of linear and nonlinear components in the EM-TCAD coupled system. The former is extracted and handled independently with high efficiency by a matrix exponential approach assisted with Krylov subspace method. The latter is treated by ordinary Newton's method yet with a much sparser Jacobian matrix that leads to substantial speedup in solving the linear system of equations. More convenient error management and adaptive control are also available through the linear and nonlinear decoupling.
Ring-opening polymerization of norbornene by a tantalum catalyst: a living polymerization (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRing-opening polymerization of norbornene by a tantalum catalyst: a living polymerizationKevin C. Wallace and Richard R. SchrockCite this: Macromolecules 1987, 20, 2, 448–450Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00168a043https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00168a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views412Altmetric-Citations86LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Silicone membranes to inhibit water uptake into thermoset polyurethane shape‐memory polymer conductive composites (2014)

ABSTRACT Electroactive shape memory polymer (SMP) composites capable of shape actuation via resistive heating are of interest for various biomedical applications. However, water uptake into SMPs will produce a depression of the glass transition temperature ( T g ) resulting in shape recovery in vivo . While water actuated shape recovery may be useful, it is foreseen to be undesirable during early periods of surgical placement into the body. Silicone membranes have been previously reported to prevent release of conductive filler from an electroactive polymer composite in vivo . In this study, a silicone membrane was used to inhibit water uptake into a thermoset SMP composite containing conductive filler. Thermoset polyurethane SMPs were loaded with either 5 wt % carbon black or 5 wt % carbon nanotubes, and subsequently coated with either an Al 2 O 3 ‐ or silica‐filled silicone membrane. It was observed that the silicone membranes, particularly the silica‐filled membrane, reduced the rate of water absorption (37°C) and subsequent T g depression versus uncoated composites. In turn, this led to a reduction in the rate of recovery of the permanent shape when exposed to water at 37°C. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132 , 41226.
Low-order stabilizing controllers (1993)

A method for designing low-order stabilizing controllers is described. It is shown that for some plants the order of stabilizing controllers may be less than or equal to l (respectively m), where l (respectively m) is the number of plant outputs (respectively inputs). An explicit characterization of a set of low-order stabilizing controllers is given and numerical examples are provided to illustrate the results of the note.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Accurate pattern registration for integrated circuit tomography (2001)

As part of an effort to develop high resolution microtomography for engineered structures, a two-level copper integrated circuit interconnect was imaged using 1.83 keV x rays at 14 angles employing a full-field Fresnel zone plate microscope. A major requirement for high resolution microtomography is the accurate registration of the reference axes in each of the many views needed for a reconstruction. A reconstruction with 100 nm resolution would require registration accuracy of 30 nm or better. This work demonstrates that even images that have strong interference fringes can be used to obtain accurate fiducials through the use of Radon transforms. We show that we are able to locate the coordinates of the rectilinear circuit patterns to 28 nm. The procedure is validated by agreement between an x-ray parallax measurement of 1.41±0.17 μm and a measurement of 1.58±0.08 μm from a scanning electron microscope image of a cross section.
Effect of Evening Primrose Oil on the Plasma and Red Blood Cells of Hyperlipidemias (1988)

Evening primrose oil (EPO) contains of ca 9 of γ-linolenic acid which is an intermediate of linoleic acid to arachidonic acid. Recently, it has been reported that EPO decreases the level of plasma cholesterol in rats. In order to elucidate the effect of EPO on lipid metabolism, we administered orally EPO to patients with hyperlipidemia and compared the effect with that of safflower oil (SFO). Using cross-over method, we divided the 21 patients aged 42-63 years old into two groups. One group intook 3g of EPO/day for 8 weeks and then the same amount of SFO for following 8 weeks, and the other group intook the same kinds of test oil in reverse order. Lipid and fatty acid composition in the plasma and red blood cells were determined. We could not see much differences of the plasma cholesterol, but triglycerides and VLDL-cholesterol in plasma significantly increased and LDL-cholesterol decreased significantly by the administration of EPO. EPO increased the level of dihomo-γ-linolenic acid in plasma and red blood cells, but the content of arachidonic acid was not changed. These results suggested that EPO could decrease the atherogenic index and improve lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemia.
Rare Earth doped nanoparticles in imaging and PDT (2013)

Nanoparticles doped with rare earth ions for biomedical imaging and infrared photodynamic therapy (IRPDT) have been synthesized, characterized, and compared. Specifically, these nanoparticles utilize two primary modalities: near infrared excitation and emission for imaging, and near infrared upconversion for photodynamic therapy. These nanoparticles are optimized for both their infrared emission and upconversion energy transfer to a photoactive agent conjugated to the surface. Finally, these nanoparticles are tested for toxicity, imaged in cells using the near infrared emission pathway, and used for selective killing of cells through the upconversion driven IRPDT.
Oscillations in the Basal Ganglia: The good, the bad, and the unexpected (2006)

Oscillations are present at many levels in the basal ganglia (BG), and can describe regular fluctuations in, for example, gene expression, current flow across the plasma membrane, the firing rate of a single neuron, the activity within and between small networks of neurons, and activity at the level of whole nuclei. Many BG neurons, including those of the subthalamic nucleus, globus pallidus (both segments), substantia nigra (both divisions), and some striatal interneurons, are endowed with a battery of intrinsic membrane properties that promote the expression of oscillatory discharge at both ‘rest’ (or in functional isolation) and in response to organized synaptic input (Richards et al., 1997; Bennett and Wilson, 1999; Bevan et al., 2002). The oscillatory activity of a single cell may or may not be synchronized with the oscillatory activity of another cell or network of cells. Indeed, oscillation and synchronization are distinct properties of neuronal networks. This is well illustrated in the BG; while the firing patterns of pallidal neurons are strongly periodic, the discharges of pairs of these neurons are typically uncorrelated (Bergman et al., 1998; Boraud et al., 2002). Conversely, the activity of BG neurons may be synchronized to within milliseconds but without being strongly periodic. These facts aside, it may be that synchronized oscillations offer the BG, and indeed the whole brain, something more than the simple sum of the parts (Steriade, 2000; Engel et al., 2001; Buzsaki and Draguhn, 2004). For example, they may provide the brain with a mechanism to execute tasks that require the combined function of distant and disparate
Stability of highly cooled hypervelocity boundary layers (2015)

The influence of high levels of wall cooling on the stability of hypervelocity boundary layers is investigated. Such conditions are relevant to experiments in high-enthalpy impulse facilities, where the wall temperature is much smaller than the free-stream temperature, as well as to some real flight scenarios. Some effects of wall cooling are well known, for instance, the stabilization of the first mode and destabilization of the second mode. In this paper, several new instability phenomena are investigated that arise only for high Mach numbers and high levels of wall cooling. In particular, certain unstable modes can travel supersonically with respect to the free stream, which changes the nature of the dispersion curve and leads to instability over a much wider band of frequencies. The cause of this phenomenon, the range of parameters for which it occurs and its implications for boundary layer stability are examined. Additionally, growth rates are systematically reported for a wide range of conditions relevant to high-enthalpy impulse facilities, and the stability trends in terms of Mach number and wall temperature are mapped out. Thermal non-equilibrium is included in the analysis and its influence on the stability characteristics of flows in impulse facilities is assessed.
Sulfur analogues of polychlorinated dibenzo-<i>P</i>-dioxins, dibenzofurans and diphenyl ethers as inducers of CYP1A1 in mouse hepatoma cell culture and structure-activity relationships (1994)

Abstract Three sulfur containing compounds, 2,3,7,8 tetrachlorothianthrene (TCTA), 2,3,7,8 tetrachlorodibenzothiophene (TCDT), and 3,3,4,4 tetrachlorodiphenyl sulfide (TCDPS), were analyzed for their CYP1A1 inducing potencies – measured as aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) and 7 ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activities – in mouse hepatoma cell culture Hepa 1 Marked differences in the induction potencies were observed among the three compounds studied and between 2,3,7,8 tetrachlorodibenzo p dioxin (TCDD) and its sulfur analogue The estimated EC50 values for TCDD, TCTA, and TCDT were about 8 pM, 700 pM, and 7 5 nM, respectively TCDPS did not elicit any AHH/EROD induction Comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) was not able to predict correctly the biological potency of TCTA and TCDT The most important reason for the poor performance of the model may be the positive point charge of sulfur in TCTA and TCDT
Optimized Fast-FISH with <FONT FACE=Symbol>a</font>-satellite probes: acceleration by microwave activation (1997)

It has been shown for several DNA probes that the recently introduced Fast-FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) technique is well suited for quantitative microscopy. For highly repetitive DNA probes the hybridization (renaturation) time and the number of subsequent washing steps were reduced considerably by omitting denaturing chemical agents (e.g., formamide). The appropriate hybridization temperature and time allow a clear discrimination between major and minor binding sites by quantitative fluorescence microscopy. The well-defined physical conditions for hybridization permit automatization of the procedure, e.g., by programmable thermal cycler. Here, we present optimized conditions for a commercially available X-specific alpha-satellite probe. Highly fluorescent major binding sites were obtained for 74 degrees C hybridization temperature and 60 min hybridization time. They were clearly discriminated from some low fluorescent minor binding sites on metaphase chromosomes as well as in interphase cell nuclei. On average, a total of 3.43 +/- 1.59 binding sites were measured in metaphase spreads, and 2.69 +/- 1.00 in interphase nuclei. Microwave activation for denaturation and hybridization was tested to accelerate the procedure. The slides with the target material and the hybridization buffer were placed in a standard microwave oven. After denaturation for 20 sec at 900 W, hybridization was performed for 4 min. at 90 W. The suitability of a microwave oven for Fast-FISH was confirmed by the application to a chromosome 1-specific alpha-satellite probe. In this case, denaturation was performed at 630 W for 60 sec and hybridization at 90 W for 5 min. In all cases, the results were analyzed quantitatively and compared to the results obtained by Fast-FISH. The major binding sites were clearly discriminated by their brightness.
Beneficial bacteria stimulate host immune cells to counteract dietary and genetic predisposition to mammary cancer in mice (2014)

Recent studies suggest health benefits including protection from cancer after eating fermented foods such as probiotic yogurt, though the mechanisms are not well understood. Here we tested mechanistic hypotheses using two different animal models: the first model studied development of mammary cancer when eating a Westernized diet, and the second studied animals with a genetic predilection to breast cancer. For the first model, outbred Swiss mice were fed a Westernized chow putting them at increased risk for development of mammary tumors. In this Westernized diet model, mammary carcinogenesis was inhibited by routine exposure to Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC-PTA-6475 in drinking water. The second model was FVB strain erbB2 (HER2) mutant mice, genetically susceptible to mammary tumors mimicking breast cancers in humans, being fed a regular (non-Westernized) chow diet. We found that oral supplement with these purified lactic acid bacteria alone was sufficient to inhibit features of mammary neoplasia in both models. The protective mechanism was determined to be microbially-triggered CD4+CD25+ lymphocytes. When isolated and transplanted into other subjects, these L. reuteri-stimulated lymphocytes were sufficient to convey transplantable anti-cancer protection in the cell recipient animals. These data demonstrate that host immune responses to environmental microbes significantly impact and inhibit cancer progression in distal tissues such as mammary glands, even in genetically susceptible mice. This leads us to conclude that consuming fermentative microbes such as L. reuteri may offer a tractable public health approach to help counteract the accumulated dietary and genetic carcinogenic events integral in the Westernized diet and lifestyle.
Glomus Tumor of the Stomach: A Clinicopathologic Analysis of 10 Cases and Review of the Literature (2012)

Gastric glomus tumors are unusual, distinct lesions that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a gastric submucosal mass. Unlike their deep soft tissue counterparts, most glomus tumors in the stomach are benign.
Beyond parallel programming with domain specific languages (2014)

Today, almost all computer architectures are parallel and heterogeneous; a combination of multiple CPUs, GPUs and specialized processors. This creates a challenging problem for application developers who want to develop high performance programs without the effort required to use low-level, architecture specific parallel programming models (e.g. OpenMP for CMPs, CUDA for GPUs, MPI for clusters). Domain-specific languages (DSLs) are a promising solution to this problem because they can provide an avenue for high-level application-specific abstractions with implicit parallelism to be mapped directly to low level architecture-specific programming models; providing both high programmer productivity and high execution performance.
Binaural speech enhancement with spatial cue preservation utilising simultaneous masking (2017)

Binaural multi-microphone noise reduction methods aim at noise suppression while preserving the spatial impression of the acoustic scene. Recently, a new binaural speech enhancement method was proposed which chooses per time-frequency (TF) tile either the enhanced target or a suppressed noisy version. The selection between the two is based on the input SNR per TF tile. In this paper we modify this method such that the selection mechanism is based on the output SNR. The proposed modification of deciding which TF tile is target-or noise-dominated leads to choices, which are better aligned with simultaneous masking properties of the auditory system, and, hence, improves the performance over the initial version of the algorithm.
Percutaneous Hardware Removal After Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Calcaneus Fractures (2002)

When hardware used to repair calcaneus fractures must be removed, the exposure using the original incision can be tedious due to scarring. The technique described here facilitates relatively easy and safe implant removal without the risk of wound complications.