gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
EPR and Luminescence Studies of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Er</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mn>3</mml:mn><mml:mn/></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>in Acceptor-Doped ZnTe (1969)

${\mathrm{Er}}^{+3}$ can be incorporated in the ZnTe lattice in significant concentrations by co-doping with an acceptor species. From EPR studies at 4\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K, the symmetries of the dominant sites in ZnTe (Er,P) are trigonal (${g}_{\mathrm{II}}=1.254$, ${g}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}=9.469$) and cubic ($g=5.93$). For ZnTe (Er,Li) crystals, the same cubic site is observed, but the dominant site has trigonal symmetry (${g}_{\mathrm{II}}=4.066$, ${g}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}=8.068$). Thermal treatments which are known to remove Li from electrically active centers in ZnTe greatly increase the strength of the cubic spectrum and greatly reduce the strength of the trigonal spectrum. The sharp-line emission observed in photoluminescence occurs in the region 663 nm and represents a transition from $^{4}F_{\frac{9}{2}}$ to the ground state of ${\mathrm{Er}}^{+3}$. This sharp-line emission is weakest in those samples in which the cubic EPR spectrum is the strongest, which indicates that ${\mathrm{Er}}^{+3}$ on a substitutional Zn site with nonlocal charge compensation is not an efficient radiative-recombination center for rare-earth emission. Rare-earth electroluminescence at 77\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K is observed from diodes fabricated from ZnTe(Er,Li) and ZnTe(Er,P) substrates.
Interactions of integrin GPIIb/IIIa-derived peptides with fibrinogen investigated by NMR spectroscopy (1996)

Three peptides derived from platelet receptor glycoprotein alphaIIbBeta3 (GPIIb/IIIa) have been identified recently as fibrinogen-binding sequences: GPIIb 300-314 and 656-667 and GPIIIa 211-223. NMR spectroscopy has been used here to investigate the interactions of these peptides with parent fibrinogen. Based on resonance broadening and chemical-shift changes of peptides in the presence and absence of fibrinogen, interactions in the fast ligand-exchange regime are apparent and interfacial residues can be proposed. Positively charged arginines and histidines, along with several hydrophobic residues, are implicated as being crucial to the binding process. Transferred nuclear Overhauser effects and distance geometry calculations allow discussion of probable conformations in peptide-'bound' states. These identifications are consistent with other biological/chemical data and provide the basis for further studies aimed at understanding fibrinogen-mediated platelet aggregation on the molecular level.
A new satellite tracking antenna (2005)

Dual terminal linear arrays have very unusual and useful characteristics which have not previously received adequate attention. We have investigated analytically and experimentally the radiation patterns from such arrays considering both sum and difference patterns from the two terminals as functions of (1) wavelength, and (2) amplitude and phase distribution on the array. The feeding and matching problems on the transmission lines are treated for element spacing both near and remote from <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\lambda/2</tex> . The use of dual terminal arrays with secondary reflectors or lenses is discussed. Factors effecting gain and angular accuracy are emphasized. A complete satellite tracking system is described for 108 Mcps operation using 22 new type radiating elements electromagnetically coupled to a balanced two-wire line. This "single antenna interferometer" will give a single angle coordinate to high accuracy without ambiguities. The antenna is inexpensive to fabricate and install and is suitable for radio astronomy applications. Experimental antenna patterns are compared with theoretical.
EHMT1 Protein Binds to Nuclear Factor-κB p50 and Represses Gene Expression (2012)

Transcriptional homeostasis relies on the balance between positive and negative regulation of gene transcription. Methylation of histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) is commonly correlated with gene repression. Here, we report that a euchromatic H3K9 methyltransferase, EHMT1, functions as a negative regulator in both the NF-κB- and type I interferon-mediated gene induction pathways. EHMT1 catalyzes H3K9 methylation at promoters of NF-κB target genes. Moreover, EHMT1 interacts with p50, and, surprisingly, p50 appears to repress the expression of type I interferon genes and genes activated by type I interferons by recruiting EHMT1 to catalyze H3K9 methylation at their promoter regions. Silencing the expression of EHMT1 by RNA interference enhances expression of a subset NF-κB-regulated genes, augments interferon production, and augments antiviral immunity.
Orchestration of Concurrent Oxidation and Reduction Cycles for Stereoinversion and Deracemisation of <i>sec</i>-Alcohols (2008)

Black and white are opposites as are oxidation and reduction. Performing an oxidation, for example, of a sec-alcohol and a reduction of the corresponding ketone in the same vessel without separation of the reagents seems to be an impossible task. Here we show that oxidative cofactor recycling of NADP (+) and reductive regeneration of NADH can be performed simultaneously in the same compartment without significant interference. Regeneration cycles can be run in opposing directions beside each other enabling one-pot transformation of racemic alcohols to one enantiomer via concurrent enantioselective oxidation and asymmetric reduction employing defined alcohol dehydrogenases with opposite stereo- and cofactor-preference. Thus, by careful selection of appropriate enzymes, NADH recycling can be performed in the presence of NADP (+) recycling to achieve overall, for example, deracemisation of sec-alcohols or stereoinversion representing a possible concept for a "green" equivalent to the chemical-intensive Mitsunobu inversion.
Paired Insulators and High Temperature Superconductors (2014)

Almost forty years ago, Phil Anderson introduced the negative U center to account for the fact that most glasses and amorphous semiconductors are diamagnetic. This paper has been highly influential, but certainly does not rank among Phil's most famous works. However, focusing on it enables us to reacquaint a younger generation with another of Phil's contributions, and to use this as a springboard to discuss some forward looking extensions that continue to fascinate us.
The Concept of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (2006)

In this chapter we examine whether criteria usually defining adult tissue stem cells apply to mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that give rise to cells of the skeletal connective tissues. MSCs appear to constitute a heterogeneous population of undifferentiated and committed, lineage-primed cells, capable of: homing upon engraftment to a number of growth microenvironments, extensive proliferation, producing large numbers of differentiated progeny, and functional tissue repair after injury. In addition, MSCs are extensively distributed throughout tissues, and bone marrow MSCs provide the stromal component of the niche of hematopoietic stem cells. The capacity of apparently differentiated mesenchymal cells to shift their differentiation pathway with changing microenvironmental conditions (known as differentiation plasticity) may be due to de-differentiation and reprogramming in MSCs. Because they present several features setting them apart from other stem cells, MSCs may constitute another paradigm for stem cell systems, where self-renewal and hierarchy are no longer essential, but where plasticity is the major characteristic.
Low density lipoprotein degradation by secretory granules of rat mast cells. Sequential degradation of apolipoprotein B by granule chymase and carboxypeptidase A. (1986)

The secretory granules of rat serosal mast cells are able efficiently to degrade the apolipoprotein B component of low density lipoproteins (LDL) Kokkonen, J. O., and Kovanen, P. T. (1985) J. Biol. Chem. 260, 14756-14763). The granules are known to contain two neutral proteases with complementary specificities: a chymotrypsin-like endopeptidase called chymase, and an exopeptidase, the granule carboxypeptidase A. The role of this enzyme pair in the proteolytic degradation of LDL was studied with the aid of specific enzyme inhibitors. Incubation of LDL with intact granules (both enzymes active) led to the formation of numerous low molecular weight peptides and the liberation of free amino acids, most of which (95%) were aromatic (Phe, Tyr, Trp) or branched-chain aliphatic (Leu, Ile, Val). Selective inhibition of granule carboxypeptidase A (leaving chymase active) blocked the liberation of free amino acids, but left the formation of peptides uninhibited. On the other hand, selective inhibition of granule chymase (leaving carboxypeptidase A active) totally abolished the proteolytic degradation of LDL. The results are consistent with a model according to which the proteolytic degradation of LDL by mast cell granules results from coordinated action of the two granule-bound enzymes, whereby the chymase first cleaves peptides from the apolipoprotein B of LDL, and thereafter the carboxypeptidase A cleaves amino acids from the peptides formed.
A simple and correct shared-queue algorithm using compare-and-swap (2002)

A compare-and-swap shared-queue algorithm is presented that permits concurrent access. This algorithm is nondelaying in that no processor need wait for an action by another processor. A verification method that analyzes the states of the shared data structure is given. By drawing a graph that incorporates in a simple way the effects of multiprocessor interleaving, one can quickly find errors in an algorithm or produce a proof of correctness. Since enqueue and dequeue operations may begin at any time, concurrent queue operations are represented by providing, in each state of the shared data structure, one transition that initiates an enqueue operation and another transition for a dequeue operation. The method is a practical one that is applicable to a variety of algorithms that use shared data structures.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Soft Tissue Sarcoma (2010)

OverviewSarcomas constitute a heterogeneous group of rare solid tumors of mesenchymal cell origin with distinct clinical and pathological features, and are usually divided into 2 broad categories: sarcomas of soft tissues (including fat, muscle, nerve and nerve sheath, blood vessels, and other connective tissues) and sarcomas of bone.Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are the most frequent sarcomas; the annual incidence in the United States for 2009 is estimated to be approximately 10,660 cases, with an overall mortality rate of approximately 3820 cases per year, including adults and children. 1 The true incidence of sarcoma is underestimated, especially because a large proportion of patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) may not
Combined genetic and transcriptomic analysis reveals three major signalling pathways activated by Myc‐<scp>LCO</scp>s in <i>Medicago truncatula</i> (2015)

Summary Myc‐ LCO s are newly identified symbiotic signals produced by arbuscular mycorrhizal ( AM ) fungi. Like rhizobial Nod factors, they are lipo‐chitooligosaccharides that activate the common symbiotic signalling pathway ( CSSP ) in plants. To increase our limited understanding of the roles of Myc‐ LCO s we aimed to analyse Myc‐ LCO ‐induced transcriptional changes and their genetic control. Whole genome RNA sequencing ( RNA ‐seq) was performed on roots of Medicago truncatula wild‐type plants, and dmi3 and nsp1 symbiotic mutants affected in nodulation and mycorrhizal signalling. Plants were treated separately with the two major types of Myc‐ LCO s, sulphated and nonsulphated. Generalized linear model analysis identified 2201 differentially expressed genes and classified them according to genotype and/or treatment effects. Three genetic pathways for Myc‐ LCO ‐regulation of transcriptomic reprogramming were highlighted: DMI 3 ‐ and NSP 1 ‐dependent; DMI 3 ‐dependent and NSP 1 ‐independent; and DMI 3 ‐ and NSP 1 ‐independent. Comprehensive analysis revealed overlaps with previous AM studies, and highlighted certain functions, especially signalling components and transcription factors. These data provide new insights into mycorrhizal signalling mechanisms, supporting a role for NSP 1 , and specialisation for NSP 1 ‐dependent and ‐independent pathways downstream of DMI 3 . Our data also indicate significant Myc‐ LCO ‐activated signalling upstream of DMI 3 and/or parallel to the CSSP and some constitutive activity of the CSSP .
Synthesis of axial dialkoxy phosphorus(<scp>V</scp>)porphyrin derivatives—novel hypervalent phosphorus compounds (1992)

Water-stable, axial dialkoxy hypervalent phosphorus(V)tetraphenylporphyrins have been synthesised in a novel fashion by efficient substitution of axial chloride ligands of dichlorophosphorus(V)-tetraphenylporphyrin.
Serum carotene, vitamin A, retinol-binding protein and lipoproteins before and after jejunoileal bypass surgery. (1982)

The plasma vitamin A and carotene transport in 45 obese patients was examined before and at various times after bypass surgery. The serum levels of lipoproteins, carotene, vitamin A and retinol-binding protein (RBP) were monitored and compared to those of healthy controls. LDL-cholesterol levels were decreased by 40 per cent (P less than 0.001) within the first year after surgery and remained low thereafter. The reduction of serum carotene (from a mean of 64 to 17 micrograms/dl) was rapid and constant. This change was observed already within 1-2 weeks post-surgery. The serum concentrations of carotene and LDL-cholesterol were highly correlated (r = 0.74). The concentrations of vitamin A and RBP were normal before the operation and remained so until 30 months after surgery, when slight reductions were observed compared to the control values [46 +/- 28 vs 66 +/- 11 micrograms/dl for vitamin A (P less than 0.01) and 32 +/- 8 vs 41 +/- 6 mg/l for RBP (P less than 0.01)]. No overt signs of vitamin A deficiency were observed. The mechanisms by which carotene (but not vitamin A) decreases so rapidly after bypass surgery cannot be explained by the decreased LDL levels.
Modeling the neuron-microtransducer junction: from extracellular to patch recording (1993)

This paper is devoted to a detailed characterization of the neuron-to-microtransducer junction, based on the equivalent electric-circuit approach. As a result, recording of action potentials can be simulated with the general-purpose network-analysis program SPICE. Both noble-metal microelectrodes and insulated-gate FET's are considered. The responses of such devices are characterized as functions of several parameters, e.g., sealing impedance, density of ionic currents in the cell membrane, and spatial discontinuities of the adhesion process. It is shown that the various signal shapes reported in the literature can be reproduced and interpreted in terms of time derivatives of the action potential. In this way, the shape of any experimental signal can be interpreted on the basis of a specific sealing condition. Possible future improvements in microtransducer design, based on the proposed approach, are also suggested.
Distance-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry: What, Why, and How? (2016)

Distance-of-flight mass spectrometry (DOFMS) separates ions of different mass-to-charge (m/z) by the distance they travel in a given time after acceleration. Like time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS), separation and mass assignment are based on ion velocity. However, DOFMS is not a variant of TOFMS; different methods of ion focusing and detection are used. In DOFMS, ions are driven orthogonally, at the detection time, onto an array of detectors parallel to the flight path. Through the independent detection of each m/z, DOFMS can provide both wider dynamic range and increased throughput for m/z of interest compared with conventional TOFMS. The iso-mass focusing and detection of ions is achieved by constant-momentum acceleration (CMA) and a linear-field ion mirror. Improved energy focus (including turn-around) is achieved in DOFMS, but the initial spatial dispersion of ions remains unchanged upon detection. Therefore, the point-source nature of surface ionization techniques could put them at an advantage for DOFMS. To date, three types of position-sensitive detectors have been used for DOFMS: a microchannel plate with a phosphorescent screen, a focal plane camera, and an IonCCD array; advances in detector technology will likely improve DOFMS figures-of-merit. In addition, the combination of CMA with TOF detection has provided improved resolution and duty factor over a narrow m/z range (compared with conventional, single-pass TOFMS). The unique characteristics of DOFMS can enable the intact collection of large biomolecules, clusters, and organisms. DOFMS might also play a key role in achieving the long-sought goal of simultaneous MS/MS. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
Normal laser‐evoked cortical responses in patients with chronic hemibody pain (2014)

The present results show that our patients with chronic hemibody pain do not show signs of spinothalamic tract lesion. This indicates normal processing of sensory aspects of painful stimuli, while higher pain processing areas show altered activation. We conclude that normal laser-evoked magnetic fields (LEF) or laser-evoked potentials (LEP) may not exclude central pain condition.
Microbial Ecology and Genomics: A Crossroads of Opportunity (2002)

Microbes have dominated life on Earth for most of its 4.5 billionyear history. They are the foundation of the biosphere, controlling the biogeochemical cycles and affecting geology, hydrology, and local and global climates. All life is completely dependent upon them. Humans cannot survive without the rich diversity of microbes, but most microbial species can survive without humans. Extraordinary advances in molecular technology have fostered an explosion of information in microbial biology. It is now known that microbial species in culture poorly represent their natural diversity—which dwarfs conventions established for the visible world. This was revealed over the last decade using newer molecular tools to explore environmental diversity and has sparked an explosive growth in microbial ecology and technologies that may profit from the bounty of natural biochemical diversity. Several colloquia and meetings have helped formulate policy recommendations to enable sustained research programs in these areas. One such colloquium organized by the American Academy of Microbiology (“The Microbial World: Foundation of the Biosphere,” 1997) made two key recommendations: (1) develop a more complete inventory of living organisms and the interagency cooperation needed to accomplish this goal, and (2) develop strategies to harvest this remarkable biological diversity for the benefit of science, technology, and society. Complete genome sequence information was identified as an essential part of strategy development, and the recommendation was made to sequence the genome of at least one species of each of the major divisions of microbial life.
Utility Analysis of High Resolution (1995)

Abstract : This report summarizes the results of two studies conducted to address specific issues related to the utility of a specific high resolution multispectral sensor, designated the F sensor. The first study assessed the validity of a sensor model, entitled the Performance Prediction Model (PPM), which was provided by the sensor contractor. This was performed by cross checking results with an independent sensor model. In most cases, good agreement was achieved. The second study assessed the expected performance of a vital component of the F sensor, a magnetic bearing system (MBS) for line of sight control and stabilization.
BIPHASIC SUBSTRATE-INCORPORATION BY SYNTHETIC MEMBRANE VESICLES (1984)

Abstract The substrate-binding property of single-walled vesicles formed with N,N-ditetradecyl-Nα-(6-trimethylammoniohexanoyl)-l-alaninamide bromide was investigated from both static and dynamic viewpoints, hexyl p-nitrophenyl ether being used as a hydrophobic pseudo-substrate. The substrate-binding equilibrium was achieved through a two-step mechanism.
Quantitative analysis of breast cancer tissue microarrays shows that both high and normal levels of HER2 expression are associated with poor outcome. (2003)

Using a tissue microarray cohort of 300 breast cancers and 84 samples of normal breast epithelium, we analyzed HER2/neu expression and compared traditional clinical (manual) scoring with a recently developed system for the quantitative measurement of immunohistochemical stains (AQUA). As expected, both methods identified a population (10-15%) of high-HER2-expressing tumors with poor 30-year disease-related survival. Using AQUA analysis, we found that normal epithelium expresses a low but detectable level of HER2 and that 17.5% of tumors exhibit similar low-level HER2 expression. This low group was not definable by manual scoring. Surprisingly, HER2-normal tumors were as aggressive as HER2-overexpressing tumors. Our studies suggest that in situ quantitative measurement of HER2 stratifies breast tumors into three expression levels: normal, intermediate, and high, where both normal and high levels are associated with a worse outcome.
Fluorinated bicyclics. II. Steric control in the free-radical addition of polyhalomethanes to 5,5,6,6-tetrafluoro-2-norbornene (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFluorinated bicyclics. II. Steric control in the free-radical addition of polyhalomethanes to 5,5,6,6-tetrafluoro-2-norborneneB. E. SmartCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1973, 38, 11, 2035–2038Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00951a014https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00951a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views39Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Arousal Responses during Overnight Polysomnography and their Reproducibility in Healthy Young Adults (2015)

Average arousal intensity and heart rate response to arousal are highly variable among healthy young adults and stable within individuals.
[Prevention of bacterial infections using ciprofloxacin in granulocytopenic patients with cancer]. (1989)

The optimal approach to reduce bacterial infections in granulocytopenic patients is still controversial. Recently, fluoroquinolones have been developed and real progress has been achieved in the prevention of Gram negative bacilli septicemia. This study reports our experience with ciprofloxacin and shows the excellent tolerance of ciprofloxacin by our patients as well as promising data for the reduction of Gram negative bacilli infection. However, practical modalities to prevent infection caused by Gram positive cocci remain to be defined.