gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
VIII. Effects of non‐oestrous inseminations and return patterns after second inseminations (1977)

The conception rate (C.R. = 49‐day % non‐return rate) for 863 605 first inseminations was 62.0% compared with 61.5% for 207 884 second inseminations. Most(135 759) second inseminations were made after a period between insemination (p.b.i.) of 18–24 days, a further 52 075 being made after a p.b.i. of 17 days or less. C.R. was 64.0% for the former proup of second inseminations and 55.5% for the latter. This lower C.R. was associated with a higher frequency of short return intervals (1–17 days) after these second inseminations and probably arose through more errors in oestrus diagnosis. Such errors will result in non‐oestrous inseminations. Results obtained in one field trial with 1712 cows showed that if the non‐oestrous intra‐uterine insemination preceded the oestrous insemination, the C.R. for the latter insemination was not affected. In contrast, a second field trial with 65 cows indicated that if the non‐oestrous second insemination was made within 3 weeks of the oestrous first insemination, the pregnancy rate to the first insemination was significantly reduced from 53.1% to 24.2%.
New 2-Acetyl-3-aminophenyl-1,4-naphthoquinones: Synthesis and<i>In Vitro</i>Antiproliferative Activities on Breast and Prostate Human Cancer Cells (2020)

The reaction of 2-acyl-1,4-naphthoquinones with <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-dimethylaniline and 2,5-dimethoxyaniline, promoted by catalytic amounts of CeCl<sub>3</sub>·7H<sub>2</sub>O under "open-flask" conditions, produced a variety of 2-acyl-3-aminophenyl-1,4-naphthoquinones structurally related to the cytotoxic 2-acetyl-3-phenyl-1,4-naphthoquinone, an inhibitor of the heat shock chaperone protein Hsp90. The members of the 2-acyl-3-aminophenyl-1,4-naphthoquinone series were isolated in good yields (63-98%). The cyclic voltammograms of the 2-acyl-3-aminophenyl-1,4-naphthoquinone exhibit two one-electron reduction waves to the corresponding radical-anion and dianion and two quasireversible oxidation peaks. The first and second half-wave potential values (<i>E</i> <sub>1/2</sub>) of the members of the series are sensitive to the push-pull electronic effects of the substituents in the naphthoquinone scaffold. Furthermore, the <i>in vitro</i> antiproliferative properties of these new quinones were evaluated on two human cancer cells DU-145 (prostate) and MCF-7 (mammary) and a nontumorigenic HEK-293 (kidney) cell line, using the MTT colorimetric method. Two members, within the series, exhibited interesting cytotoxic activities on human prostate and mammary cancer cells.
Compression techniques for active video content (2003)

Summary for only given. Conventional digital video playback systems provide only limited user interactivity, mostly in the form of VCR-like controls. In this model, the temporal ordering and the spatial viewpoints of the video streams being viewed are completely determined at authoring time. In contrast, we have defined a form of interactive video called active video (see http://www.ecsl.cs.sunysb.edu//spl sim/anindya/avs/avs.html, 2002), which supports hyper-linking among related video sequences and interpolation of video sequences with neighboring viewpoints, to offer end users the additional flexibility of choosing the sequencing and the viewing angle (even virtual ones) at playback time. However, active video has a substantially higher storage and transmission cost due to multiple time-synchronized video streams capturing the dynamic scene and the pixel-level correspondence maps encoding the spatial association among the frame-pairs of all adjacent streams. The maps are interpolated at run-time to generate virtual views. We describe and evaluate the following three compression techniques that alleviate the storage and network transmission costs of active video: spatial video compression; lossy map compression; lossless map compression.
Explaining why Gleevec is a specific and potent inhibitor of Abl kinase (2013)

Tyrosine kinases present attractive drug targets for specific types of cancers. Gleevec, a well-known therapeutic agent against chronic myelogenous leukemia, is an effective inhibitor of Abl tyrosine kinase. However, Gleevec fails to inhibit closely homologous tyrosine kinases, such as c-Src. Because many structural features of the binding site are conserved, the molecular determinants responsible for binding specificity are not immediately apparent. Some have attributed the difference in binding specificity of Gleevec to subtle variations in ligand-protein interactions (binding affinity control), whereas others have proposed that it is the conformation of the DFG motif, in which ligand binding is only accessible to Abl and not to c-Src (conformational selection control). To address this issue, the absolute binding free energy was computed using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations with explicit solvent. The results of the free energy simulations are in good agreement with experiments, thereby enabling a meaningful decomposition of the binding free energy to elucidate the factors controlling Gleevec's binding specificity. The latter is shown to be controlled by a conformational selection mechanism and also by differences in key van der Waals interactions responsible for the stabilization of Gleevec in the binding pocket of Abl.
理顺北约内部指挥体系,加强应对危机能力 北约快速反应部队 (2003)

长期以来，北约成员国之间在军事上存在着明显的差距，严重制约了其责任范围外作战和反恐行动的需要，甚至威胁到北约集团的稳定。因此，北约开始着手一系列军事改革，以理顺军事组织指挥体制，增强其应付危机，参与国际事务的能力。其中，十分引人注目的是，北约正在紧锣密鼓地筹备组建一支快反部队。
Chemotherapy-induced kaolin intake is increased by lesion of the lateral parabrachial nucleus of the rat (2009)

Anticancer agents, such as cisplatin, stimulate nausea, vomiting, and behaviors indicative of malaise. Rats and mice do not possess a vomiting response, and, therefore, in these species, the ingestion of kaolin clay (a pica response) has been used as an index of malaise. In the rat, cisplatin-induced kaolin intake is inhibited by antiemetic treatments. In addition, cisplatin activates vagal afferent fibers in the gut, and kaolin intake induced by cisplatin is largely dependent on an intact vagus. Nevertheless, little is known about the brain pathways controlling pica. We investigated the role of the lateral parabrachial nucleus (lPBN), a major visceral afferent link between the hindbrain and forebrain, in cisplatin-induced c-Fos expression and pica. Injection of cisplatin (6 mg/kg ip) produced c-Fos expression in the ventrolateral (external) lPBN, a region receiving viscerosensory input. In rats with bilateral ibotenic acid lPBN lesions, cisplatin treatment substantially increased kaolin intake compared with controls ( approximately 30 g vs. approximately 5 g, respectively, over 24 h). Food intake was reduced by cisplatin treatment and by apomorphine, an emetic agent that acts centrally. Unlike cisplatin, however, apomorphine stimulated kaolin intake to a similar degree in both the lesioned and control rats, suggesting that lPBN damage neither produces nonspecific effects nor enhances malaise in general. These data suggest that lPBN-lesioned animals not only demonstrate pica after cisplatin treatment, but, in fact, show an exaggerated response that is greatly in excess of any treatment known to produce kaolin intake in rats.
Guided Gabor Filter for Finger Vein Pattern Extraction (2012)

In this paper, a novel explicit image filter, called Guided Gabor filter, is proposed to extract the finger vein pattern without any segmentation processing, and lower performance reduction for poor quality images which result from low contrast, illumination, or noise effects, etc. The proposed filter is contributed for finger vein enhancement, noise reduction, and haze removal without being affected by the brightness of the vein. It performs well not only on ridge detection like the Gabor filter, but on image enhancement as an edge-preserving smoothing operator without the gradient reversal artifacts. The experimental results show that the proposed method is able to get vein pattern more clearly and faster than the existing methods, and improve the matching performance with higher recognition rate.
An Analysis of the History of Marine Animal Diversity (2007)

Abstract According to when they attained high diversity, major taxa of marine animals have been clustered into three groups, the Cambrian, Paleozoic, and Modern Faunas. Because the Cambrian Fauna was a relatively minor component of the total fauna after mid-Ordovician time, the Phanerozoic history of marine animal diversity is largely a matter of the fates of the Paleozoic and Modern Faunas. The fact that most late Cenozoic genera belong to taxa that have been radiating for tens of millions of years indicates that the post-Paleozoic increase in diversity indicated by fossil data is real, rather than an artifact of improvement of the fossil record toward the present. Assuming that ecological crowding produced the so-called Paleozoic plateau for family diversity, various workers have used the logistic equation of ecology to model marine animal diversification as damped exponential increase. Several lines of evidence indicate that this procedure is inappropriate. A plot of the diversity of marine animal gene...
Techniques for Treating Hazardous Wastes to Remove Volatile Organic Constituents (1985)

This paper discusses the potential for using commercially available treatment techniques to remove VOCs from hazardous waste streams and addresses some of the issues associated with making waste treatment a viable VOC emission control technique for hazardous waste management facilities. It discusses the waste streams of concern because of their volatile constituents and describes potentially applicable treatment techniques. The use of models for treatment process design is described. Finally, the paper discusses treatment cost, treatment residuals, and considerations of importance in choosing where in the life cycle of a hazardous waste stream to treat it.
Air sparging case study database update (1996)

In situ air sparging is a commonly used remediation technology which was developed in the late 1980s as a method for treating dissolved volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in groundwater. Air sparging involves the injection of air under pressure into saturated zone soils. The injected air displaces water and creates air-filled porosity in the saturated soils, volatilizes and removes dissolved and adsorbed phase VOCs, and transfers oxygen into the groundwater. As a result, both physical removal and aerobic biodegradation of contamination in groundwater and saturated zone soil are enhanced. Air sparging offers a means of remediating soils and groundwater without the need for active groundwater pumping, and in some cases, air sparging has been shown to produce significant and permanent reductions in groundwater contaminant concentrations. As a result there has been a steady increase in application of air sparging, and hundreds of systems are currently in operation. However, dissolved groundwater concentrations sometimes fall dramatically during sparging, but then rebound nearly to original levels once the sparge system is turned off. In this paper, the results of 32 sparging case studies are compiled to shed light on how well and under what conditions air sparging achieves permanent reduction in groundwater contaminant concentrations.more » Pollutants of concern include BTEX and chlorinated solvents.« less
A Cache-Based Hardware Accelerator for Memory Data Movements (2008)

This dissertation presents a hardware accelerator that is able to accelerate large (including non-parallel) memory data movements, in particular memory copies, performed traditionally by the processors. As todays processors are tied with or have integrated caches with varying sizes (from several kilobytes in hand-held devices to many megabytes in desktop devices or large servers), it is only logical to assume that data to-be-copied by a memory copy is already present within the cache. This is especially true when considering that such data often must be processed first. This means that the presence of the caches can be utilized to significantly reduce the latencies associated with memory copies, when a smarter way to perform the memory copy operation is used. Therefore, the proposed accelerator for memory copies takes advantage of the presence of these caches and introduces a redirection mechanism that links the original data (in the cache) to the copied addresses (in a newly added indexing table). The proposed solutions avoid cache pollution and duplication of data, and efficiently schedule the access to the main memory, thus effectively reducing the latency associated with memory copies. Moreover, the proposed accelerator supports copies of cache line and word granularity, can be connected to a direct-mapped or a set-associative cache, and can efficiently reduce the memory copy bottleneck in single core processors and in multi-core processors that execute a message passing communication model. The proposed solutions have been implemented in a FPGA as a proof of concept and incorporated in a simulator running several benchmarks to determine the performance gains of the proposal. In particular, for the receiver side of the TCP/IP stack, the proposed solutions can reach speedups from 2.96 to 4.61 times and reduce the number of instructions executed by 26% to 44%.
The Wider Organization (1980)

In its formal aspects, UNCTAD is composed of two distinct sets of personae: the national delegations of the 156 member states1 which periodically meet to present and negotiate their official positions on issues related to trade and development, and the international staff of the UNCTAD Secretariat which numbers some 450 individuals. The assemblages of government representatives may be seen as the public life of the organization and a consideration of the organization and its functioning from their perspective is the main focus of the present chapter. Their attitude of general discontent with respect to the organization's efficiency and cost-effectiveness in structuring their activities, to Secretariat staff initiatives in the field of primary-commodity control and to employment and promotion practices within the Secretariat are examined. Towards the end of the chapter, the functioning of the delegates themselves in relation to one another and to the aims of the organization receives special consideration. This representation of the organization, the accumulation of the values and behaviours of those of its individual member delegations, is in a sense the organization itself, although to many outside the system, as well as within delegations, the organization is easily, perhaps conveniently, confused with its Secretariat. Whether directly, through its members' activities, or indirectly through their exercise of control over its Secretariat, the organization exerts a force sometimes greater, at times considerably less, than the sum of individual member energies and convictions.KeywordsMember CountrySocial EconomyInternational Labour OrganizationIntegrate ProgrammeWorld Intellectual Property OrganizationThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Covalent affinity labeling by periodate-oxidized [alpha-32P]ATP of the large-T proteins of polyoma and SV40 viruses. (1982)

Incubation of crude extracts from cells lytically infected with polyoma virus in the presence of periodate-oxidized [alpha-32P]ATP led to the radioactive labeling of one main polypeptide immunoprecipitated by anti-T antigen antibodies. It was absent from extracts of mock-infected cells and exhibited an apparent Mr value of 105,000, identical with that of the large-T viral protein. This polypeptide was unambiguously identified as large-T on the basis of the heat sensitivity of the in vitro labeling in extracts from cells infected with a tsa mutant. The amount of incorporated radioactivity was found to increase linearly with that of infected cell extract and with the incubation time. Labeling resulted from the specific binding of an oxidized ATP molecule to a nucleotide binding site of the large-T protein, since it was efficiently completed by unlabeled ATP. Study of the dependence on the concentration of oxidized ATP evidenced a first order kinetic for the labeling reaction. Similar results were obtained for the large-T protein of SV40 virus.
Proceedings of the 1st international workshop on pervasive eye tracking & mobile eye-based interaction (2011)

It is our great pleasure to welcome you to the 1st International Workshop on Pervasive Eye Tracking and Mobile Eye-Based Interaction (PETMEI 2011).

Recent developments in mobile eye tracking equipment and automated eye movement analysis point the way toward unobtrusive eye-based human-computer interfaces that will become pervasively usable in everyday life. We call this new paradigm pervasive eye tracking - continuous eye monitoring and analysis 24/7.

PETMEI 2011 focuses on pervasive eye tracking as a trailblazer for mobile eye-based interaction and eye-based context-awareness. The workshop provides a forum for researchers and practitioners from context-aware computing, human-computer interaction and eye tracking to share their perspectives on techniques and applications that go beyond classical eye tracking and stationary gaze-based interaction. We want to stimulate and explore the creativity of these communities with respect to the implications, key research challenges, and new applications for pervasive eye tracking.

Our international program committee consisted of 15 of the leading researchers in the fields of ubiquitous computing, human-computer interaction, eye tracking as well as experimental psychology. The call for papers attracted 13 submissions - 10 full papers and 3 notes - from Europe, Asia, and the United States. Each submission was reviewed by at least two members of the program committee. Of the 13 submissions, 11 were evaluated by one additional PC member. The PC members provided feedback to the authors through 37 high quality reviews. Based on the reviews and after an online discussion among the organisers, one full paper was downgraded to notes and a total of 10 submissions - 7 full papers and 3 notes - were accepted for publication in these proceedings. This represents an overall acceptance rate of 76.9%.

Jeff B. Pelz will give an opening keynote entitled Semantic Analysis of Mobile Eye Tracking Data in which he highlights the challenges but also potential solutions for analysing large amounts of eye movement data collected using mobile eye trackers.
Long optical vibrations and elastic constants of hexagonal boron nitride (1978)

Abstract The long optical vibrations of hexagonal BN are studied using the valence force constants of the borazine molecule. It is shown that the in‐plane interactions are adequately described by the transferred molecular force constants. The elastic constant ( c 11 + c 12 ), calculated from the above model compares well with the experimentally deduced value. It is argued that the interplanar forces cannot be satisfactorily described by a simple Lennard‐Jones potential.
A pH-sensitive nano drug delivery system of doxorubicin-conjugated amphiphilic polyrotaxane-based block copolymers (2013)

A pH-sensitive nano antitumor drug delivery system was prepared by conjugating doxorubicin (DOX) to amphiphilic polyrotaxane (PR)-based block copolymers through a pH-sensitive cis-aconityl moiety. The resulting polymer-drug conjugates were able to self-assemble into polymeric micelles in an aqueous solution with diameters varying from 297 nm to 178 nm after the conjugation as evidenced by DLS measurements. The pH-sensitive cis-aconityl linkage provided a controlled and sustained release of DOX over a period of more than 5 days in an acidic environment mimicking the tumor microenvironment, and a negligible amount of release in an environment with physiological pH. The nanoparticles had lower cytotoxicity than the free drug and can efficiently transfer and release the drug into HeLa cells. With these promising properties, the PR-based block copolymers have the potential to be carriers for the controlled release of antitumor drugs.
About Edge Detection in Digital Images (2018)

Edge detection is one of the most commonly used procedures in digital image processing. In the last 30-40 years, many methods and algorithms for edge detection have been proposed. This article presents an overview of edge detection methods, the methods are divided according to the applied basic principles. Next, the measures and image database used for edge detectors performance quantification are described. Ordinary users as well as authors proposing new edge detectors often use Matlab function without understanding it in details. Therefore, one section is devoted to some of Matlab function parameters that affect the final result. Finally, the latest trends in edge detection are listed. Picture Lena and two images from Berkeley segmentation data set (BSDS500) are used for edge detection methods comparison.
A New Iterative Solution Method With Alternating Interblock Direction (AID) Preconditioner (1995)

ABSTRACT This paper presents a new iteration method for the numerical solution of pressure equations arising in petroleum reservoir engineering. It utilizes a newly developed preconditioner and generalized conjugate gradient acceleration with a new residual constraint procedure. The Alternating Interblock Direction (AID) preconditioner exploits a natural way of alternating sweeps in xyz-directions and is free from the dependence on the choice of the first internal direction which is common with other methods. The generalized conjugate gradient algorithm is ORTHOMIN. It is further accelerated by an alternating direction residual constraints (ADC) which could make the summation of the residuals be zero simultaneously in all three axes. The new method can be easily vectorized and parallelized. It can also be adapted to equations other than the pressure equation. Its speed and robustness are proved to be favorable to previously published methods by numerical experiments.
Daily glucose injections facilitate performance of a win^stay water-escape working memory task in mice. (1992)

In an experiment that compared 3 versions of a working memory task, male C57BL/6 mice given either 3 (n = 7) or 5 (n = 7) opportunities (test runs) per trial to choose the escape choice section of a maze acquired a win-stay (spatial matching-to-sample) water-escape task. Mice given only 1 test run per trial (n = 6) were unable to perform above chance level. In a 2nd experiment, 14 mice from the 1st experiment were tested for performance on the 3-test-run version of the task. Each mouse was tested for 12 consecutive days with each of 4 doses of glucose (0, 50, 100, & 250 mg/kg ip) given 30 min before testing. The two higher doses increased the percentage of correct test run choices on all 3 daily test runs across the 12 days of testing. Daily glucose injections facilitated the use of trial-dependent information.
Quantum cryptography: Public key distribution and coin tossing (2014)

When elementary quantum systems, such as polarized photons, are used to transmit digital information, the uncertainty principle gives rise to novel cryptographic phenomena unachievable with traditional transmission media, e.g. a communications channel on which it is impossible in principle to eavesdrop without a high probability of disturbing the transmission in such a way as to be detected. Such a quantum channel can be used in conjunction with ordinary insecure classical channels to distribute random key information between two users with the assurance that it remains unknown to anyone else, even when the users share no secret information initially. We also present a protocol for coin-tossing by exchange of quantum messages, which is secure against traditional kinds of cheating, even by an opponent with unlimited computing power, but ironically can be subverted by use of a still subtler quantum phenomenon, the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox.