gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrical behaviour of discontinuous silver films deposited on softened polyvinylpyridine substrates (1998)

Results of the investigations carried out on the electrical behaviour of discontinuous silver films deposited on poly(2-vinylpyridine) (PVP) coated substrates held at temperatures in the range 410-475 K in a vacuum of are reported. Both the resistance immediately after deposition and the room temperature resistance show a regular dependence on thickness, for films deposited at a substrate temperature of 425 K. The films deposited at this temperature show almost zero temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) near room temperature, whereas films deposited at higher temperatures show large negative TCR and the magnitude of TCR decreases with increasing thickness. The films show an irreversible increase of resistance during exposure to atmosphere beyond a pressure of about . A film deposited on PVP held at room temperature is more sensitive to exposure. The reduced aging in vacuum following deposition and improved stability against exposure to atmosphere of the films deposited on PVP at 425 K, in comparison with the film deposited on a rigid substrate, suggest the formation of subsurface particulate silver films. This can account for the high resistance observed, even for a 2000 Å thick film deposited on softened PVP substrates.
Immobilized cell systems for batch and continuous winemaking (2014)

The Major challenges in the food industry are the development of healthier, safer and environmental friendly products. To achieve these objectives, it is essential to develop advanced technologies to make the production processes economically attractive. The use of immobilized cell systems has been widely applied in the production of several products. However, in winemaking, it has only been studied to prove its applicability. The studies targeting the production of wine using these innovative fermentation systems aim to overcome limitations related to the product quality, the operational costs associated with the material used as support and the immobilization process itself.
Cardiotoxicity associated with high-dose cyclophosphamide therapy (1981)

• The cardiac effects of chemotherapeutic regimens using high doses of cyclophosphamide (180 mg/kg over four days) were assessed in 32 patients with hematologic malignant neoplasms. Left ventricular systolic function, determined by the fractional shortening on echocardiogram, declined substantially five to 16 days after the initiation of cyclophosphamide therapy. Although pericardial effusion on echocardiogram occurred in 33% of the patients studied, ECG voltage decreased five to 14 days after beginning cyclophosphamide therapy even in those patients without pericardial effusion. Congestive heart failure was noted in nine patients (28%) within three weeks of cyclophosphamide administration. Six of these patients (19%) died of myocardial failure. Pericardial tamponade occurred in six patients (19%), including five who died of myocardial failure. Histopathologic and electron microscopic findings showed endothelial injury and a hemorrhagic myopericarditis. Cyclophosphamide in this high dose is associated with a toxic, often fatal, pericardiomyopathy. Depression of ECG voltage and systolic left ventricular function, though common, do not necessarily predict clinical cardiac deterioration. (<i>Arch Intern Med</i>1981;141:758-763)
Ultrasonic vocalizations in rat pups: modulation at the gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptor complex and the neurosteroid recognition site. (1997)

Agonists acting at benzodiazepine, gamma-aminobutyric acidA, barbiturate and neurosteroid recognition sites were studied for their attenuation of separation-induced ultrasonic vocalizations (USV) in rat pups. The behavioral effects of the neuroactive steroid 3alpha-hydroxy-5alpha-pregnan-20-one (allopregnanolone) were assessed when the drug was administered alone and in combination with agonists and antagonists acting at the gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptor complex. At 7 days postpartum, male and female Long-Evans rat pups were separated from the dam and littermates, and placed on a 20 degrees C surface for 2 min. Allopregnanolone (1-30 mg/kg s.c.), alprazolam (0.03-1 mg/kg s.c.), diazepam (0.1-3 mg/kg s.c.), muscimol (0.03-0.3 mg/kg s.c.) and pentobarbital (1-30 mg/kg s.c.) dose-dependently decreased USV. Pretreatment with flumazenil (0.1 mg/kg s.c.) antagonized alprazolam's and diazepam's USV-suppressive effects; bicuculline (2 mg/kg s.c.) reversed muscimol's USV-suppressive effects. Allopregnanolone (3 mg/kg s.c.) produced a 4- to 7-fold leftward shift in alprazolam's and diazepam's USV-suppressive effects, and also produced a modest leftward shift in pentobarbital's USV dose-effect function. Neither flumazenil, bicuculline, nor picrotoxin (1 mg/kg s.c.) altered allopregnanolone's USV-suppressive effects. These results suggest that the USV-suppressive effects of the neurosteroid allopregnanolone are mediated at the gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptor complex, and are independent from a direct action on the benzodiazepine or gamma-aminobutyric acidA recognition sites on this complex.
Temporalidad en los contratos de los jóvenes inmigrantes en España (2007)

Treball presentat a la primera ponència del X Congrés de Població de l'AGE. Pamplona: 29 de juny a 1 juliol de 2006.
elt-2, a Second GATA Factor from the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (1995)

We have previously shown that a tandem pair of (A/T)GATA(A/G) sequences in the promoter region of the Caenorhabditis elegans gut esterase gene (ges-1) controls the tissue specificity of ges-1 expression in vivo. The ges-1 GATA region was used as a probe to screen a C. elegans cDNA expression library, and a gene for a new C. elegans GATA-factor (named elt-2) was isolated. The longest open reading frame in the elt-2 cDNA codes for a protein of M(r) 47,000 with a single zinc finger domain, similar (approximately 75% amino acid identity) to the C-terminal fingers of all other two-fingered GATA factors isolated to date. A similar degree of relatedness is found with the single-finger DNA binding domains of GATA factors identified in invertebrates. An upstream region in the ELT-2 protein with the sequence C-X2-C-X16-C-X2-C has some of the characteristics of a zinc finger domain but is highly diverged from the zinc finger domains of other GATA factors. The elt-2 gene is expressed as an SL1 trans-spliced message, which can be detected at all stages of development except oocytes; however, elt-2 message levels are 5-10-fold higher in embryos than in other stages. The genomic clone for elt-2 has been characterized and mapped near the center of the C. elegans X chromosome, ELT-2 protein, produced by in vitro transcription-translation, binds to ges-1 GATA-containing oligonucleotides similar to a factor previously identified in C. elegans embryo extracts, both as assayed by electrophoretic migration and by competition with wild type and mutant oligonucleotides. However, there is as yet no direct evidence that elt-2 does or does not control ges-1.
Stem cells in craniofacial and dental tissue engineering (2005)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been identified in a variety of adult tissues as a population of pluripotential self-renewing cells. Based on their adherence and colony forming properties, a small number of MSC can be isolated from most mesenchymal tissues as well as bone marrow. In the presence of one or more growth factors, these cells commit to lineages that lead to the formation of bone, cartilage, muscle, tendon and adipose tissue; recent studies indicate that stem cells for cementum, dentine and the periodontal ligament also exist. All of these cells can be expanded in vitro, and, embedded in a scaffold, inserted into defects to promote healing and tissue replacement. Increased understanding of the molecular mechanism directing lineage specification and morphogenesis is providing a rational approach for the regeneration of craniofacial tissues and oral structures.
New approach for high-performance PMSM drives without rotational position sensors (1997)

A new approach to the position sensor elimination of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives is presented in this paper. With the help of the modern drive technique, the actual rotor position as well as the machine speed can be estimated accurately even in the transient state using the "electrical steady-state" operation concepts. Due to the angle-modification scheme with error-tracking function, the sensorless drive system has robustness to parameter variations. As well as giving a detailed explanation of the new algorithm, the paper presents a wide range of experimental results, demonstrating the feasibility of the proposed method under full operating conditions in the /spl plusmn/50/spl sim//spl plusmn/2000 [RPM] speed range and 0/spl sim/1 per unit (p.u.) load conditions.
Monte-Carlo Simulation and Analysis of the Spectrum of p+ ~( 11)B Three-Body Sequential Decay (2002)

The new experimental data of 11B(p,α 1)8Be *(1)(2α) three-body decay show that the continuous α spectrum of the two alpha particles produced by the intermediate nuclear 8Be *(1) looks like a saddle type distribution. To explain the experimental facts, we have written a Monte Carlo simulation program to the p+ 11B reaction. The calculation results of the program indicate that the anisotropy distribution emission of the decay alpha particles produced by 8Be *(1) can give a satisfying explanation to the experimental spectrum. =
ADDITIVITY CONJECTURE AND COVARIANT CHANNELS (2004)

In this survey paper we discuss the relation between the minimal output entropy and the χ-capacity for irreducibly covariant quantum channels implying equivalence of the additivity property for both quantities for such channels. The structure of the Weyl-covariant channels is described in detail.
Dynamic Credit Scoring on Consumer Behavior Using Fuzzy Markov Model (2009)

The present financial tsunami has brought credit risk into a main focus. Dynamic credit scoring tools is highly demanded by commercial banks with products like credit cards. However, till now practitioners almost only employ statistical scoring models such as regressions. Thus the purpose of this paper is to provide for a new direction of attempts in modeling consumer credit risk and behavioral scoring dynamics. The model features heterogeneity across consumers and over time, which is realized by such a process that the credit migration rate matrix of the fuzzy Markov chain is inferred by the fuzzy inference system based on a reasonable setting of rules for each consumer, and updated at each time. A training procedure based on maximum likelihood criterion is developed for model parameters' estimation. In addition to dynamic behavioral scoring and credit behavior forecast, the model can also evaluate credit quality of each consumer according to two indicators: credit level and credit volatility.
Efficient Sensor Node Authentication in Wireless Integrated Sensor Networks Using Virtual Certificate Authority (2014)

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is used for collecting the information from the environment. WSN consists of large number of Sensor Nodes (SN). To implement security during the transmission of data from one node to another node, different security techniques are used. Authentication is an essential requirement in sensor network pursuing security. But the Wireless Sensor Networks are very difficult to secure due to its dynamic and ad-hoc nature. To analyze the security issues that arise try to solve by integrating Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) with the mobile network and can utilize the combined capabilities of both networks. To address the problem of authentication in WSNs this paper presents propose an efficient and secure framework which provide authentication to a roaming sensor node while allowing a sensor node to move across multiple WSNs. The proposed key management technique to provide authentication is by using Virtual Certificate Authority (VCA) which is designed especially for distributed Adhoc network.
C: Pages 1-100 (2011)

A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Statistical Factors Affecting the Intensity of X-Rays Diffracted by Crystalline Powders (1948)

The Laplacian probability equation can be used to predict the reproducibility of the intensities of x-rays diffracted by crystalline powders. If absorption is neglected, and N is the number of particles irradiated, p the proportion of particles which are oriented so as to diffract, and q=1 − p, the relative mean deviation to be expected in repeated intensity measurements is given by Um=0.798 (q/Np)½. When absorption and the actual distribution of particle sizes are taken into account, the expression becomes Um=0.798(qμve/pA)12,where μ is the linear absorption coefficient of the material, ve the effective volume per particle, and A the cross-sectional area of the incident beam. The theory is confirmed by measurements on four size fractions of quartz powder using a Norelco Geiger-counter x-ray spectrometer. For typical experimental conditions and powders of medium absorbing power for x-rays, it is demonstrated that good reproducibility can be expected only if the effective particle dimension is less than approximately five microns.
ANTIGENS IN IMMUNITY (1964)

Summary An investigation of the immunogenicity of three flagellar preparations, namely, intact flagella, polymerized flagellin and the soluble, low molecular weight protein flagellin, was performed in rats. Despite the similarity of in vitro serological behaviour of these three antigens, important differences in their in vivo immunological effectiveness were noted. While flagella and polymerized flagellin caused first 19S antibody formation and later prolonged 7S antibody formation, flagellin appeared to be quite incapable of inducing a 19S primary response. Further, the peak titres achieved with Hagellin were lower than those with the other antigens. Polymerized flagellin was somewhat less immunogenic than were flageila. The study covered a dosage range of 10 logs. 10 , i.e., from 10 –12 g. to 10 –2 g. Clear‐cut dose‐response relationships could be observed for the shortlived 19S response caused by flagella or polymerized flagellin, over the dose range 10 ng. (0·01 μg.) to 10 μg. For the 7S response, particularly with flagellin, dose‐response relationships were not established. Remarkably small doses, namely, 100 ng. (0·1 μg.) of flagella, 1 μg. of polymerized flagellin and 10 μg. (0·01 μg.) of flagellin caused peak 7S titres to appear. Doses as small as 100 pg. (0·0001 μg.) occasionally caused antibody production. Doses of antigen too small to cause a detectable 19S response were followed by a lag period of about two weeks during which serum antibody levels remained below the threshold of our test. Then antibody litres rose steadily until six or eight weeks after injection, Peak levels were maintained for over six weeks, and fell slowly. At 34 weeks, when the experiments were stopped, antibody litres were still quite high, The lag period with doses which caused 19S antibody production was much shorter, generally less than four days. In such animals, 19S antibody was gradually replaced by 7S antibody during the second week, and again it took several weeks for peak 7S litres to be leached. These results emphasized the need to use small doses in any meaningful study of antigen distribution, localization, behaviour and fate.
The 4-D descent trajectory generation techniques under realistic operating conditions (1990)

NASA-Langley has been conducting and sponsoring research in airborne energy management for a number of years. During the course of this research, two fundamental techniques for the generation of 4D (fixed time) descent trajectories have emerged as viable candidates for advanced flight management systems. The first technique utilizes speed schedules of constant Mach number transitioning to constant calibrated airspeed chosen empirically to produce minimum fuel usage. The second technique computes cost optimized speed schedules of variable airspeed developed through application of optimal control theory. Both techniques have been found to produce reasonable and flyable descent trajectories. The formulation of the algorithms for each technique is evaluated and their suitability for operations in realistic conditions is discussed. Operational factors considered include: airplace speed, thrust, and altitude rate constaints; wind, temperature, and pressure variations; Air Traffic Control altitude, speed, and time constaints; and pilot interface and guidance considerations. Time flexibility, fuel usage, and airborne computational requirements were the primary performance measures.
IMPAIRED ABILITY OF OLD MALE RATS TO SECRETE GROWTH HORMONE<i>IN VIVO</i>BUT NOT<i>IN VITRO</i>IN RESPONSE TO hpGRF(1–44) (1983)

The capacity of hpGRF (1-44) to induce release of GH in young (3-4 month old) versus old (19-21 month old) male rats was compared in vivo and in vitro. Injection of 1 ug/kg hpGRF to rats anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital increased plasma GH concentrations in young animals to greater than 1600 ng/ml within 5 min, and a dose of 10 ug/kg hpGRF increased GH levels to approximately 1900 ng/ml at 10 min. In old rats, plasma GH concentrations were increased after hpGRF but the increases were significantly lower than in the young rats at 5, 10, and 20 min after injection (P less than 0.01). The total GH released in old animals was calculated to be approximately 50% of that in young animals. In vitro release of GH from anterior pituitary slices incubated with hpGRF was also compared between young and old animals. After 20 min incubation with hpGRF (10(-9) or 10(-7) M) or vehicle, both young and old animals demonstrated a dose related and equivalent increase in GH release. These results indicate a reduced capacity of hpGRF to stimulate GH release in vivo in aged as compared to young male rats. This decline is believed to be due to a hypothalamic influence on the anterior pituitary since the in vitro response of anterior pituitary tissue to hpGRF was similar in young and old rats. The reduced response to hpGRF in old male rats in vivo may be due to increased release of or enhanced sensitivity to somatostatin.
Systolic matrix and vector multiplication methods for signal processing (1984)

Matrix and vector multiplications are widely used in signal processing in operations such as FIR and IIR filtering, feature extraction and classification. Frequently, signal processing must be done in real time requiring the use of special purpose VLSI hardware. Regular structures such as systolic arrays are well suited for matrix and vector operations and are also amenable to VLSI implementation. This paper describes efficient systolic arrays for matrix and vector multiplication, at both word and bit levels, and outlines three applications relevant for signal processing: a convolver, an IIR filter and a linear classifier.
Investigating the continuum linear polarization of Be stars (2010)

Abstract In order to understand the mechanisms that govern the development of circumstellar disks surrounding classical Be stars, we use computational codes to create theoretical models of these particular objects with their gaseous environments and we compare the predicted observables to astronomical observations. In this study, we present the use of the non-LTE radiative transfer code of Sigut & Jones (2007) to examine the effect of a self-consistent thermal structure and realistic chemical composition on the polarization of the classical Be star γ Cassiopeia. Primarily, we investigate the effect of several improvements on the pioneering work of Poeckert & Marlborough (1978) in calculating the polarization levels of γ Cas. We establish best-fit models for the same observations and analyze the implications of the differences between our results and those obtained by Poeckert & Marlborough.
Cytogenetic abnormality in man, wider implications of theories of sex chromatin origin. (1962)

Female nuclei may be identified by means of sex chromatin. In general the number of sex chromatin bodies is one less than the number of X chromosomes. An exception to this rule is a case of sex chromatin-positive XO Turner's syndrome. This case suggests the possibility of sex chromatin-positive XY males, and it may be evidence for chromosomal differentiation.
Fluorinating Hexagonal Boron Nitride/Graphene Multilayers into Hybrid Diamondlike Nanofilms with Tunable Energy Gap (2011)

Using ab initio calculations and quantum molecular dynamics simulations, we demonstrate that a few layers of graphene sandwiched between hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) layers can undergo spontaneous transformation into hybrid cubic BN-diamond (c-BN/Dmd) nanofilms upon fluorination. This spontaneous transformation stems from the remarkably higher stability of thin c-BN/Dmd nanofilm with sp3 hybridization over the precursor multilayer with sp2 hybridization and is promoted by strong selectivity of fluorination with the boron atoms of the coating BN layers. Upon increasing the total number of multilayers, however, the transformation is no longer spontaneous due to emergence of the energy barrier. Nevertheless, adding more h-BN layers to the hybrid nanofilm can assist the transformation into c-BN/Dmd nanofilms upon fluorination. The electronic properties of the c-BN/Dmd nanofilms can be tuned by controlling the ratio of the BN component and film thickness, which can yield narrow-gap semiconductors for novel electronic applications. In addition, the energy gap in the nanofilms can be modulated linearly by applying external electric fields.