gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Immune System (2014)

The Immune System, Fourth Edition emphasizes the human immune system and presents immunological concepts in a coherent, concise, and contemporary account of how the immune system works. Written for undergraduate, medical, veterinary, dental, and pharmacy students, it makes generous use of medical examples to illustrate points. This classroom-proven
The Knuth-Bendix Completion Procedure and Thue Systems (1985)

The Knuth-Bendix completion procedure for term rewriting systems in many cases provides a decision procedure for equational theories and has been found to have many applications in various areas. We discuss the application of the Knuth-Bendix procedure to Thue systems. We use the notion of a reduced Thue system and show that for every Church-Rosser Thue system, there is a unique reduced Church-Rosser Thue system equivalent to it. Furthermore, the Knuth-Bendix completion procedure, when applied to a Thue system T, always produces the finite reduced Church-Rosser Thue system equivalent to T whenever such a system exists. Similar results can also be proved for almost-confluent Thue systems. Using properties of reduced Church-Rosser systems, we develop conditions under which a class of special Thue systems have equivalent finite Church-Rosser systems. In addition, we show that the completion procedure always terminates on finite parenthesized Thue systems, from which the termination of the completion procedure over ground-term-rewriting systems can be shown immediately. From the results discussed in this paper, we also obtain the termination of the Knuth-Bendix completion procedure for commutative Thue systems (commutative monoids) as a simple corollary.
Overlapping confidence intervals or standard error intervals: What do they mean in terms of statistical significance? (2003)

We investigate the procedure of checking for overlap between confidence intervals or standard error intervals to draw conclusions regarding hypotheses about differences between population parameters. Mathematical expressions and algebraic manipulations are given, and computer simulations are performed to assess the usefulness of confidence and standard error intervals in this manner. We make recommendations for their use in situations in which standard tests of hypotheses do not exist. An example is given that tests this methodology for comparing effective dose levels in independent probit regressions, an application that is also pertinent to derivations of LC50s for insect pathogens and of detectability half-lives for prey proteins or DNA sequences in predator gut analysis.
Progress in Phosphate Glass Dosimetry: Experiences and Routine Monitoring with a Modern Dosimetry System (1993)

Abstract The modern, commercially available PLD system type Toshiba FGD-10, with flat glass dosemeters and a full automatic readout system, type tested at the PTB, allows for the measurement of Hpown to photon energies of 10 keV and, in addition, the indication of radiation quality below 100 keV as well as the direction of the radiation incidence. Due to the intrinsic pre-dose subtraction, doses of 0.03 mSv up to 8 Sv can be measured with a random uncertainty of 10%. The paper discusses long-term monitoring results on a monthly and yearly basis. Experiences in routine monitoring as well as intercomparison experiments, showed an excellent long-term stability of the system with an accuracy of measurement in the order of 1% not previously obtained with other solid state dosimetry systems. The system allows for a reliable routine evaluation also under unfavourable readout and environment conditions.
Space-based radar (1993)

This chapter describes the working principles, the main design options and the capabilities of space-based radar. Two aspects are specifically discussed: (1) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and space-based SAR missions, and (2) space-based radar surveillance.
The reactivity of bare lithium metal surfaces in contact with various organic electrolytes (2003)

An in situ cutting technique has been developed to expose bare lithium metal in various organic electrolyte environments. The corrosion potential-time transients have been measured. The electrolytes investigated were LiAsF/sub 6/, LiPF/sub 6/, LiBF/sub 4/, LiClO/sub 4/, and Li(CF/sub 3/SO/sub 2/)/sub 2/N in tetrahydrofuran (THF), 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran (2Me-THF), and propylene carbonate (PC). The transients permit the ranking of the reactivity of the electrolytes and show that the passivating reactions are completed in less than one second, even for very carefully purified electrolytes. Cyclic voltammetry and normal Raman spectroscopy (NRS) have also been used to characterize the lithium/organic electrolyte interface. For LiAsF/sub 4//THF and 2Me-THF, NRS has given evidence for reduction of As(V) to As(III) by the bare lithium metal at open-circuit potential. The measurements have shed light on the understanding of the stability of various salts and solvents in contact with lithium.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Structure and macromolecular interactions of 5S RNA. 2. Parameters for the interaction of ribosomal proteins L5, L18, and L25 with 5S RNA from Escherichia coli (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure and macromolecular interactions of 5S RNA. 2. Parameters for the interaction of ribosomal proteins L5, L18, and L25 with 5S RNA from Escherichia coliPierre Spierer, Alexei A. Bogdanov, and Robert A. ZimmermannCite this: Biochemistry 1978, 17, 25, 5394–5398Publication Date (Print):December 12, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 12 December 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00618a012https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00618a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views65Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A large-scale benchmark dataset for event recognition in surveillance video (2011)

We introduce a new large-scale video dataset designed to assess the performance of diverse visual event recognition algorithms with a focus on continuous visual event recognition (CVER) in outdoor areas with wide coverage. Previous datasets for action recognition are unrealistic for real-world surveillance because they consist of short clips showing one action by one individual [15, 8]. Datasets have been developed for movies [11] and sports [12], but, these actions and scene conditions do not apply effectively to surveillance videos. Our dataset consists of many outdoor scenes with actions occurring naturally by non-actors in continuously captured videos of the real world. The dataset includes large numbers of instances for 23 event types distributed throughout 29 hours of video. This data is accompanied by detailed annotations which include both moving object tracks and event examples, which will provide solid basis for large-scale evaluation. Additionally, we propose different types of evaluation modes for visual recognition tasks and evaluation metrics along with our preliminary experimental results. We believe that this dataset will stimulate diverse aspects of computer vision research and help us to advance the CVER tasks in the years ahead.
[Histochemical and electron microscopic study of the formation of trabecular meshwork and changes of glycosaminoglycans]. (1993)

The development of iridocorneal angle and trabecular tissue was investigated histochemically and electron microscopically. Sixty-three human eyes at from 5 to 22 weeks of gestation were used in this study. For identifying glycosaminoglycans, alcian blue staining and enzyme digestion methods with hyaluronidase and chondroitinase AC and ABC were carried out light microscopically. Electron microscopically, specimens were stained with ruthenium red. In the early stage from 8 to 10 weeks, mesenchymal cells between the primordium of the cornea and the iris became elongated and connected with one another. Desmosome-like junctional complexes were observed in these cells. Schlemm's canal and para-canalicular tissue were observed at 20 weeks and the structure of the meshwork became similar that of adults. From findings of enzyme digestion methods, glycosaminoglycans in trabecular tissue seemed to be mainly hyaluronic acid in the early stage, which was replaced by chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate afterwards. Substances positive for ruthenium red, which seemed to be glycosaminoglycans, was observed in intercellular spaces electron microscopically. They decreased according to development. These findings indicated that the beginning of aqueous outflow might be related to the decrease of glycosaminoglycans in trabecular tissue.
Development of (<i>R</i>)‐4‐hydroxymandelonitrile synthesis in an aqueous–organic biphasic stirred tank batch reactor (2002)

A relatively new hydroxynitrile lyase-catalyzed reaction was optimized to be suitable for rapid and efficient development of a full-scale production process. The conversion of 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde into (R)-4-hydroxymandelonitrile, catalyzed by Prunus amygdalus hydroxynitrile lyase, was carried out in a biphasic system of aqueous buffer (pH 5.5) and methyl tert-butyl ether and is described with a process model. The process model consists of a description of the reaction kinetics, mass transfer kinetics, and mass balances for both the aqueous and the organic phase. Values are determined for the equilibrium constant, the enzyme kinetic parameters, the lumped mass transfer coefficient for benzaldehyde, and the partition coefficients. By using estimated prices of enzyme and reactor use, the optimum aqueous phase volume fraction and required enzyme concentration were calculated at a temperature of 20 degrees C for a batch-operated stirred tank reactor. According to the process model it was possible to convert 90% of the 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde into (R)-4-hydroxymandelonitrile with 95% enantiomeric excess. The price optimum for this reaction was found at an aqueous phase volume of 17% of the total volume. The required enzyme concentration to meet the targets was 28.6 g/L aqueous phase. At the predicted optimum, the synthesis was performed experimentally and the results were in accordance with the simulation regarding the extent of conversion and the enantiomeric excess.
F-F coupling constants in some perfluoroalkyl-fluroaromatic compounds (1970)

The 19F nuclear magnetic resonance spectra have been studied for the compounds perfluoro (2,4-di-isopropylquinonline)(I), perfluoro(4-isopropylpyridine)(II), 4-heptafluoro-isopropyl-2-methoxytrifluoropyridine (III), perfluoro(sec-butylbenzene)(IV) and perfluoro(4-sec-butylpyridine)(V). The spectral parameters are listed (including signs of some coupling constants) and discussed. Compounds (II)-(V) have large coupling constants originating from a “through-space” mechanism and these were shown to be opposite in sign from ortho JFF. At –40° the spectra of the two rotational isomers of compound (III) were distinguished.
Plasma Apelin and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in a Cohort From the Community (2019)

International audience
An Introduction to CLOS (1993)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction, Classes, Inheritance, Generic Functions and Methods, Method Combination, Object Creation and Initialization, Class Redefinition, Conclusions, Bibliography
Characterization of cardenolides by field ionization mass spectrometry (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCharacterization of cardenolides by field ionization mass spectrometryPeter Brown, Fred R. Bruschweiler, George R. Pettit, and Tadeus ReichsteinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1970, 92, 14, 4470–4472Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1970https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00717a063RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views69Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (346 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
The normal response to prolonged passive head up tilt testing (2000)

False positive results with tilting appear to be common. This has important implications for the use of diagnostic tilt testing. The magnitude of the heart rate and blood pressure changes observed during negative tilts largely invalidates previously suggested criteria for abnormal non-syncopal outcomes.
Seasonal Patterns of Fusarium Root Rot Development in Resistant vs. Susceptible Cultivars of Phaseolus vulgaris L.1 (1973)

Abstract By periodic sampling, seasonal patterns of the development of Fusarium root rot were studied in resistant and susceptible bean cultivars. Infection severity increased rapidly from the first sampling date, dropped off after the second or third, and again increased until the end of the season. In most cases, cultivar differences were apparent at any time after the second sampling, but resistant and susceptible cultivars could best be differentiated during the middle of the season. Sample variation was high, showing the potential for error in making single plant selections or in using small samples to compare cultivars.
Persistent Infection by HSV-1 Is Associated With Changes in Functional Architecture of iPSC-Derived Neurons and Brain Activation Patterns Underlying Working Memory Performance (2014)

The lytic/quiescent cycles in iPSC-derived neurons indicate that persistent neuronal infection can occur, altering cellular function. The fMRI studies affirm the associations between nonencephalitic HSV-1 infection and functional brain changes linked with working memory impairment. The fMRI and iPSC studies together provide putative mechanisms for the cognitive impairments linked to HSV-1 exposure.
The Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium Guideline for SLCO1B1 and Simvastatin-Induced Myopathy: 2014 Update (2014)

Simvastatin is among the most commonly used prescription medications for cholesterol reduction. A single coding single-nucleotide polymorphism, rs4149056T>C, in SLCO1B1 increases systemic exposure to simvastatin and the risk of muscle toxicity. We summarize evidence from the literature supporting this association and provide therapeutic recommendations for simvastatin based on SLCO1B1 genotype. This article is an update to the 2012 Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium guideline for SLCO1B1 and simvastatin-induced myopathy.
Phase relationships in the simple coacervating system isoelectric gelatin: ethanol: water (1966)

Abstract The influence of molecular weight on coacervation in the system iso-electric gelatin: ethanol: water has been studied. The minimum concentration of ethanol required to produce coacervation decreased as the molecular weight of the gelatin increased. Analysis of the coacervate phase showed that the ethanol content was approximately constant and independent of both the molecular weight of the gelatin and the total concentration of ethanol in the system.
Reply to Comments on "Novel ultra-wideband bandpass filter using shorted coupled lines and transversal transmission line" (2011)

In replying to the comment on their original paper [ibid., vol. 21, no. 9 pp 510, 2011] the authors state their appreciation of the good work previously published by Sanchez-Soriano et al. (2009) in the UWB bandpass filter (BPF) structure realized with two shorted coupled lines and a 270° transmission line. It is noted that the earlier work was not found in a literature search before the authors' article was published.
Adaptive control of a class of first-order nonlinear systems using convex re-parametrizations (2003)

In this paper we deal with the problem of adaptive control of a class of first-order nonlinearly parametrized plants. The main contribution is to show that, through a well-chosen reparametrization, it is possible to convexify the nonlinear parametrization. A well-known stabilizing adaptive controller for systems with convex parametrization can then be applied to the system.
Mass Transfer in Separation Devices with Reactive Hollow Fibers - Slow Reaction (1993)

The introduction of mobile carrier species which reacts reversibly with the solute species, into liquid membrane of mass transfer separation devices can give enhanced mass transfer rates. For fully developed, one dimensional, laminar flow of a Newtonian fluid in a hollow fiber mass separator with nonequilibrium facilitated transport inside the membrane, the mass transfer rate in the mass separator was analysed numerically. The effect of Damkohler number on the performance of the mass separators was investigated. The dependence of facilitated factor and mixing cup concentration on Damkohler number was discussed.
Band-gap renormalization and optical many-body effects in diluted magnetic semiconductors (2005)

We calculate the Coulomb interaction induced density, temperature and magnetization dependent many-body band-gap renormalization in a typical diluted magnetic semiconductor GaMnAs in the optimally-doped metallic regime as a function of carrier density and temperature. We find a large (about 0.1 eV) band gap renormalization which is enhanced by the ferromagnetic transition. We also calculate the impurity scattering effect on the gap narrowing. We suggest that the temperature, magnetization, and density dependent band gap renormalization could be used as an experimental probe to determine the valence band or the impurity band nature of carrier ferromagnetism.
Coding external causes of injury (E-codes) in Maryland hospital discharges 1979-88: a statewide study to explore the uncoded population. (1990)

We examined the trends in hospital discharge E-coding in Maryland over a 10-year period. The overall proportion of E-coded discharges has increased from 40 percent in 1979 to 55 percent in 1988. E-coding was lower in the severely injured, the elderly, and patients with long hospital stays. Our findings demonstrate that E-code reporting varies because of the limited number of data fields available for coding of discharge diagnoses. Universal, systematic reporting of E-codes in hospital discharge data is essential if these data are to provide critically needed information about nonfatal injuries. Hospital discharge data formats should contain separate fields for E-codes and the use of these codes, we believe, should be mandated.
Characterization of borosilicate microchannel plates functionalized by atomic layer deposition (2015)

Borosilicate microcapillary arrays have been functionalized by Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) of resistive and secondary emissive layers to produce robust microchannel plates (MCPs) with improved performance characteristics over traditional MCPs. These techniques produce MCP’s with enhanced stability and lifetime, low background rates, and low levels of adsorbed gas. Using ALD to functionalize the substrate decouples the two and provides the opportunity to explore many new materials. The borosilicate substrates have many advantages over traditional lead glass MCPs, including the ability to be fabricated in large areas (currently at 400 cm<sup>2</sup>).
Role of the intercistronic region in post‐transcriptional control of gene expression in the histidine transport operon of <i>Salmonella typhimurium:</i> involvement of REP sequences (1988)

The high-affinity histidine permease of Salmonella typhimurium is encoded by a four-gene operon containing a large intercistronic region located between the first gene (hisJ) and the three distal genes (hisQ, hisM, hisP). The level of expression of hisJ is 30-fold greater than that of hisP. In order to investigate the role of the intercistronic region in intra-operonic control of gene expression, we have isolated MudII-mediated lacZ gene fusions to hisQ, hisM and hisP. We have used these fusions to isolate and analyse mutants that have altered levels of expression of the hisQ gene, the first gene downstream from the intercistronic region. The results indicate that intra-operonic regulation is due to a combination of factors including efficiency of translational initiation, mRNA degradation, and retroregulation of hisJ expression. They also suggest that the REP (Repetitive Extragenic Palindromic) sequences, which are located in the hisJ-hisQ intercistronic region, may interfere with translation of the hisQ gene and affect upstream messenger RNA stability by protecting it from 3' to 5' nuclease degradation (in agreement with data presented by Newbury et al., 1987).
High-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy in Combination with Stenting Offers a Rapid and Statistically Significant Improvement in Quality of Life for Patients with Endobronchial Recurrence (2004)

Symptomatic endobronchial recurrence after treatment failure is common in advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Optimal palliation has yet to be defined. We examined the combination of near-simultaneous, high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy with stenting in this cohort of patients. Informed consent for intervention was obtained for 10 patients experiencing severely symptomatic (hemoptysis and oxygen-dependent shortness of breath), biopsy-proven endobronchial recurrence. All patients (eight men, two women, aged 52-77 years) had failed to respond to chemoradiotherapy for stage IIIB non-small cell lung cancer. Intervention consisted of placement of a self-expanding metallic stent (Nitinol/Ultraflex stent, Boston Scientific Co., Natick, MA) into the obstructing region. During that same bronchoscopy, HDR catheters were introduced. A dose of 6 Gy at 0.5 cm from the catheter was then delivered via an HDR unit. Two additional HDR sessions followed at weekly intervals for a total dose of 18 Gy. Patients under went follow-up bronchoscopes 1 month after the last HDR and when clinically indicated. All patients completed the prescribed therapy. No morbidity was noted from bronchoscopy, HDR, or stenting. All patients had rapid relief of signs and symptoms. At 1 week after stenting/first HDR, a statistically significant improvement in Karnofsky status was noted. Pulmonary palliation was maintained for the duration of their survival. The radio-opaque stent also offered significant advantages for catheter placement and verification during the HDR procedure. Although this series is small, the beneficial outcome obtained deserves further evaluation.