gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficient Data Propagation in Traffic-Monitoring Vehicular Networks (2011)

Road congestion and traffic-related pollution have a large negative social and economic impact on several economies worldwide. We believe that investment in the monitoring, distribution, and processing of traffic information should enable better strategic planning and encourage better use of public transport, both of which would help cut pollution and congestion. This paper investigates the problem of efficiently collecting and disseminating traffic information in an urban setting. We formulate the traffic data acquisition problem and explore solutions in the mobile sensor network domain while considering realistic application requirements. By leveraging existing infrastructure such as traveling vehicles in the city, we propose traffic data dissemination schemes that operate on both the routing and the application layer; our schemes are frugal in the use of the wireless medium, rendering our system interoperable with the proliferation of competing applications. We introduce the following two routing algorithms for vehicular networks that aim at minimizing communication and, at the same time, adhering to a delay threshold set by the application: 1) delay-bounded greedy forwarding and 2) delay-bounded minimum-cost forwarding. We propose a framework that jointly optimizes the two key processes associated with monitoring traffic, i.e., data acquisition and data delivery, and provide a thorough experimental evaluation based on realistic vehicular traces on a real city map.
Shared determinants between virus‐infected and trinitrophenyl‐conjugated H‐2‐identical target cells detected in cell‐mediated lympholysis (1976)

Infection of H-2-identical mice with either lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) virus, vaccinia virus, or paramyxo (Sendai) virus resulted in the generation of specifically sensitized cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). CTL generated in vitro against 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl (TNP)-conjugated syngeneic stimulator cells were specifically cytotoxic for TNP-conjugated H-2K (D) region identical targets. Both LCM and vaccinia-induced CTL, however, were found to be strongly cytotoxic towards TNP-conjugated, H-2K(D) region-identical target cells. In contrast, Sendai virus-induced CTL did not lyse TNP-conjugated, syngeneic target cells. Inhibition experiments using cold targets suggested that shared antigenic determinants can be detected on either LCM virus-infected and TNP-conjugated targets, which are not present on the cell surface of normal target cells.
Incidence of ketamine-induced emesis in cynomologus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) used for staphylococcal enterotoxin bioassay. (1982)

Ten (24%) of 41 cynomologus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) showed emetic response to 2.5-20 mg/Kg of ketamine injected i.m. Reduction of the levels of ketamine to one half or less of the emetic level resulted in faster recovery from sedation yet provided adequate time for intubation and subsequent intragastric feeding of staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) in only 6 of the 10 monkeys without emesis. The onset of the first emetic episode with ketamine was similar to that induced by staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA). Cynomologus monkeys showing emetic response to ketamine could still be used for SE bioassay if an experimentally determined non-emetic dose for individual monkeys is employed for sedation.
New efficient maleic acid additive for the activation of regenerated CoMo/Al2O3 hydrodesulfurization catalysts (2011)

international
Cyclobutanone formation via in situ generated vinyl ketene complexes of chromium (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCyclobutanone formation via in situ generated vinyl ketene complexes of chromiumWilliam D. Wulff and Ralph W. KaeslerCite this: Organometallics 1985, 4, 8, 1461–1463Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00127a028https://doi.org/10.1021/om00127a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views175Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
The use of shift reagents in ion mobility-mass spectrometry: Studies on the complexation of an active pharmaceutical ingredient with polyethylene glycol excipients (2008)

Gas-phase ion mobility studies of mixtures containing polyethylene glycols (PEG) and an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), lamivudine, have been carried out using electrospray ionization-ion mobility spectrometry-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ESI-IMS-Q-TOF). In addition to protonated and cationized PEG oligomers, a series of high molecular weight ions were observed and identified as noncovalent complexes formed between lamivudine and PEG oligomers. The noncovalent complex ions were dissociated using collision induced dissociation (CID) after separation in the ion mobility drift tube to recover the protonated lamivudine free from interfering matrix ions and with a drift time associated with the precursor complex. The potential of PEG excipients to act as "shift reagents," which enhance selectivity by moving the mass/mobility locus to an area of the spectrum away from interferences, is demonstrated for the analysis of lamivudine in a Combivir formulation containing PEG and lamivudine.
The cooling box (2019)

We propose a data structure called the “cooling box” which can be used to efficiently process the energetic reasoning [1], [4] for the parallel machine scheduling problem and the Cumulative Scheduling Problem (CuSP) [2]. In this context, each task to schedule can be represented by an object whose resource demands vary according to the time. To efficiently process some adjustments of the release dates of the tasks, it is useful to identify the highest-priority task, i.e. the one using the highest resource quantity at a given time. The aim of the proposed data structure is to obtain a time complexity of O(n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ln C) [3] for these adjustments instead of O(n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> C) [1], where C is the capacity of the cumulative resource and n is the number of tasks.
Incorporation of<sup>14</sup>CO<sub>2</sub>and<sup>15</sup>NH<sub>4</sub>into amino acids of the two subunits of fraction 1 protein in spinach leaves (1978)

Abstract In the investigation of nitrogen metabolism in plants, it is important to deal with proteins, which are the end-products of nitrogen metabolism.
Synthesis and Characterization of Enzymatically Biodegradable PEG and Peptide-Based Hydrogels Prepared by Click Chemistry (2010)

Herein we describe the synthesis and rheological characterization of a series of enzymatically sensitive PEG and peptide-based hydrogels by the Cu(I)-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction. The hydrogels were synthesized by a combination of alkyne-functionalized star-shaped PEG molecules (two 4-armed PEGs with M(w) 10 and 20 kDa, respectively, and one 8-armed PEG of 20 kDa) and the protease-sensitive bis-azido peptide, N(alpha)-(azido)-D-alanyl-phenylalanyl-lysyl-(2-azidoethyl)-amide (6) in the presence of CuSO(4) and sodium ascorbate in aqueous solution. The swelling ratio and the storage modulus (G') of the hydrogels could be tailored by several parameters, for example, the initial solid content of the hydrogel, the molecular weight of the PEG derivative, and by the architecture of the PEG molecule (4- versus 8-armed PEG derivative). The peptide sequence, D-Ala-Phe-Lys, was sensitive toward the proteases plasmin and trypsin to render the hydrogels biodegradable.
Myosin light chain-2 mutation affects flight, wing beat frequency, and indirect flight muscle contraction kinetics in Drosophila. (1992)

We have used a combination of classical genetic, molecular genetic, histological, biochemical, and biophysical techniques to identify and characterize a null mutation of the myosin light chain-2 (MLC-2) locus of Drosophila melanogaster. Mlc2E38 is a null mutation of the MLC-2 gene resulting from a nonsense mutation at the tenth codon position. Mlc2E38 confers dominant flightless behavior that is associated with reduced wing beat frequency. Mlc2E38 heterozygotes exhibit a 50% reduction of MLC-2 mRNA concentration in adult thoracic musculature, which results in a commensurate reduction of MLC-2 protein in the indirect flight muscles. Indirect flight muscle myofibrils from Mlc2E38 heterozygotes are aberrant, exhibiting myofilaments in disarray at the periphery. Calcium-activated Triton X-100-treated single fiber segments exhibit slower contraction kinetics than wild type. Introduction of a transformed copy of the wild type MLC-2 gene rescues the dominant flightless behavior of Mlc2E38 heterozygotes. Wing beat frequency and single fiber contraction kinetics of a representative rescued line are not significantly different from those of wild type. Together, these results indicate that wild type MLC-2 stoichiometry is required for normal indirect flight muscle assembly and function. Furthermore, these results suggest that the reduced wing beat frequency and possibly the flightless behavior conferred by Mlc2E38 is due in part to slower contraction kinetics of sarcomeric regions devoid or partly deficient in MLC-2.
Electrophotography as a Means of Nanofabrication: The Role of Electrodynamic and Electrostatic Forces (2005)

Recently, nanofabrication has become an extensive research topic and, as a consequence, an eminent goal of industry. While at this time nanofabrication technology is, generally speaking, a goal rather than a defined manufacturing process, nanofabrication has been in existence, at least in one area for a considerable time. For example, electrophotography could be considered a nanofabrication process since it produces documents and images by precisely placing large numbers (often exceeding 1010 per 8 ½ × 11 inch page) of micrometer-size pigmented particles, usually referred to as toner particles, in specific sites, whereby each site has a diameter of the order of 20 μm or less, at process speeds that can exceed 75 cm/s. If the toner particles are not precisely placed, the image generated by these particles will lack resolution or sharpness, will exhibit shifts in color balance, will have an increase in grain or background, etc. In order to achieve an accurate placement of the particles onto the receiver, a precise balance of adhesion or electrodynamic forces and electrostatic forces has to be achieved between the toner particles and the chosen substrates during the entire image-forming process. The forces controlling the motion and precise location of the micrometer-size toner particles in the electrophotographic process, as an example of nanofabrication, are described in this paper. We also demonstrate in this paper how nanofabrication can be correlated to an electrophotographic process in a general sense and illustrate this concept with several examples. Finally, the physics and engineering associated with extending this technology into the process of fabricating microscopic components and devices are explored in this paper.
In Vitro Activation of Human T Lymphocytes by<i>Haemophilus influenzae</i>Type<i>b</i>Capsular Polysaccharides (1992)

Polyribosilribitolphosphate (PRP), the capsular polysaccharide from Haemophilus influenzae type b, is a T-cell-independent type 2 antigen. In vitro culture of adult peripheral blood T cells with 15 micrograms/ml PRP leads to induction of interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) expression on up to 10% of T cells. These cells are CD4+ and carry the alpha beta T-cell receptor. PRP, at concentrations above 1-5 micrograms/ml, can also induce in vitro proliferation of both adult and neonatal T cells. We conclude that PRP acts as a human T-cell mitogen. The in vitro proliferative response as well as IL-2R expression was studied in T cells derived from adults after vaccination with native PRP, with PRP conjugated to a carrier protein, or with diphtheria toxoid. Vaccination with conjugated PRP decreased the doses of PRP required for in vitro induction of IL-2R expression and T-cell proliferation. This indicates that vaccination with PRP conjugated to a carrier protein improves the in vitro T-cell response to PRP activation.
Structure of [Cu(CN)(py)2] (1993)

catena-Poly[{bis(pyridine-N)copper(I)}-μ-cyano-N:C] crystallizes with two independent polymeric chains in the structure. The chains are propagated by -CN- groups that are N-bound and C-bound to Cu I centres with no apparent disorder. Each Cu is bound to two pyridines, the N atom of one CN and the C atom of another. The coordination geometry is distorted tetrahedral with particularly wide angles involving the cyanide groups
A systematic review of surface electromyography analyses of the bench press movement task (2017)

PM and TB EMG activity is more dominant and shows greater EMG amplitude than anterior deltoid during the BP. There are six factors that can influence muscle activity during the BP; however, the most important factor is exercise intensity, which interacts with all other factors. The research on muscle activity in the BP has several unresolved areas, such as clearly and strongly defined guidelines to perform EMG measurements (e.g., how to elaborate with surface EMG limits) or guidelines for the use of exact muscle models.
Copper: Relation to Penicillamine-Induced Defect in Collagen (1968)

When rats were depleted of copper by administration of a copperdeficient diet, no abnormalities developed in dermal collagen. In contrast, marked changes were produced by penicillamine although the degree of copperdeficiency induced by the drug was less. Large additions of copper to the diet failed to prevent the penicillamine-induced collagen defect when the drug was given parenterally. The effect of penicillamine on soft-tissue collagen appears to be unrelated to its copper-chelating properties.
Abnormalities of Pulmonary Function Tests After Marrow Transplantation Predict Nonrelapse Mortality (1995)

To determine whether pulmonary function test (PFT) results after marrow transplantation were predictive of nonrelapse mortality, a review was made of prospective, nonrandomized PFT results for association with nonrelapse mortality by log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards modeling. The setting was a tertiary referral center. The patients were all marrow recipients who performed PFT between Days 60 and 120 after marrow transplantation between July 1, 1983 and December 31, 1990 (n = 906). At 3 mo after transplantation, the mean values for total lung capacity (TLC) and diffusing capacity decreased, and restrictive ventilatory defects (TLC < 80% of predicted) were noted in 34% of the cohort. Airflow rates (FEV1/FVC) were unchanged. A restrictive lung defect at 3 mo after transplant or a significant decline (> or = 15%) in TLC from baseline despite remaining within the normal range was associated with a twofold increased risk of nonrelapse mortality. Neither airflow obstruction nor impairment in diffusing capacity was associated with an increased risk. Abnormalities of the TLC at 3 mo after transplant were associated with death with respiratory failure, but not with an increased risk of chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). There is an increase in the nonrelapse mortality rate associated with either the presence of a restrictive defect 3 mo after marrow transplantation or a significant decline in lung volume compared with baseline. This effect is most pronounced more than 1 yr after marrow transplant and appears to be a result of an increase in the rate of death with respiratory failure, not chronic GVHD.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Syntheses of eisenine and its amide by the N-carboxy .alpha.-amino acid anhydride method (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSyntheses of eisenine and its amide by the N-carboxy .alpha.-amino acid anhydride methodRyoichi Katakai and Masano OyaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1974, 39, 2, 180–182Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00916a012https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00916a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views124Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
DNAzymes as potential therapeutic molecules. (2007)

Numerous DNA-based biopharmaceuticals are able to control disease progression by induction and/or inhibition of genes. These potent therapeutics include plasmids containing transgenes, antisense oligonucleotides, aptamers, ribozymes, DNAzymes and short interfering RNAs. DNAzymes, which cleave RNA substrates in a sequence-specific manner, have been studied as potential therapeutics to target pathogenic mRNAs, and may yield drugs that are safer than those currently available. This reviewo discusses the structural design of DNAzymes and their modification for stability. Their therapeutic application and use as biomarkers is also discussed.
Mutations of the<i>RDX</i>gene cause nonsyndromic hearing loss at the<i>DFNB24</i>locus (2007)

Ezrin, radixin, and moesin are paralogous proteins that make up the ERM family and function as cross-linkers between integral membrane proteins and actin filaments of the cytoskeleton. In the mouse, a null allele of Rdx encoding radixin is associated with hearing loss as a result of the degeneration of inner ear hair cells as well as with hyperbilirubinemia due to hepatocyte dysfunction. Two mutant alleles of RDX [c.1732G>A (p.D578N) and c.1404_1405insG (p.A469fsX487)] segregating in two consanguineous Pakistani families are associated with neurosensory hearing loss. Both of these mutant alleles are predicted to affect the actin-binding motif of radixin. Sequence analysis of RDX in the DNA samples from the original DFNB24 family revealed a c.463C>T transition substitution that is predicted to truncate the protein in the FERM domain (F for 4.1, E for ezrin, R for radixin, and M for moesin) (p.Q155X). We also report a more complete gene and protein structure of RDX, including four additional exons and five new isoforms of RDX that are expressed in human retina and inner ear. Further, high-resolution confocal microscopy in mouse inner ear demonstrates that radixin is expressed along the length of stereocilia of hair cells from both the organ of Corti and the vestibular system.
Formation of reactive oxygen species by the contracting diaphragm is PLA<sub>2</sub>dependent (1999)

Recent work indicates that respiratory muscles generate superoxide radicals during contraction (M. B. Reid, K. E. Haack, K. M. Francik, P. A. Volberg, L. Kabzik, and M. S. West. J. Appl. Physiol. 73: 1797-1804, 1992). The intracellular pathways involved in this process are, however, unknown. The purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that contraction-related formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by skeletal muscle is linked to activation of the 14-kDa isoform of phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)). Studies were performed by using an in vitro hemidiaphragm preparation submerged in an organ bath, and formation of ROS in muscles was assessed by using a recently described fluorescent indicator technique. We examined ROS formation in resting and contracting muscle preparations and then determined whether contraction-related ROS generation could be altered by administration of various PLA(2) inhibitors: manoalide and aristolochic acid, both inhibitors of 14-kDa PLA(2); arachidonyltrifluoromethyl ketone (AACOCF(3)), an inhibitor of 85-kDa PLA(2); and haloenol lactone suicide substrate (HELSS), an inhibitor of calcium-independent PLA(2). We found 1) little ROS formation [2.0 +/- 0.8 (SE) ng/mg] in noncontracting control diaphragms, 2) a high level of ROS (20.0 +/- 2.0 ng/mg) in electrically stimulated contracting diaphragms (trains of 20-Hz stimuli for 10 min, train rate 0.25 s(-1)), 3) near-complete suppression of ROS generation in manoalide (3.0 +/- 0.5 ng/mg, P < 0. 001)- and aristolochic acid-treated contracting diaphragms (4.0 +/- 1.0 ng/mg, P < 0.001), and 4) no effect of AACOCF(3) or HELSS on ROS formation in contracting diaphragm. During in vitro studies examining fluorescent measurement of ROS formation in response to a hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase superoxide-generating solution, manoalide, aristolochic acid, AACOCF(3), and HELSS had no effect on signal intensity. These data indicate that ROS formation by contracting diaphragm muscle can be suppressed by the administration of inhibitors of the 14-kDa isoform of PLA(2) and suggest that this enzyme plays a critical role in modulating ROS formation during muscle contraction.
Brain uptake of iodinated L-meta-tyrosine, a metabolically stable amino acid derivative (1999)

The possibility of using L-meta-tyrosine (L-mTyr) with high metabolic stability and amino acid transport affinity was evaluated. mTyr was first separated into D- and L-isomers with high-performance liquid chromatography and both were labelled with non-carrier-mediated 125I. Biodistribution and pharmacological studies of radioiodinated mTyr in mice and rats were then performed. 125I-L-mTyr showed greater accumulation in the brain and the pancreas. It accumulated in the brain stereospecifically in the in vivo studies and by the L-tyrosine competitive energy dependent transport system in the in vitro studies. It was resistant to deiodination, appeared to have no retention mechanism and was rapidly excreted. 123I-L-mTyr has the potential of an amino acid transport marker, especially in the brain and the pancreas.