gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The biology of aging. (2003)

In humans, aging is inexorable. The progressive decrease in physiological capacity and the reduced ability to respond to environmental stresses lead to increased susceptibility and vulnerability to disease. Consequently, mortality due to all causes increases exponentially with aging. Attempts at understanding the causes of aging are limited by the complexity of the problem. Aging changes are manifest from the molecular to the organismic level; environmental factors affect experimental observations; secondary effects complicate elucidation of primary mechanisms; and precisely defined, easily measurable biomarkers are lacking. No one unifying theory may exist, since the mechanisms of aging could be quite distinct in different organisms, tissues, and cells. Evolutionary pressures have selected for successful reproduction, making it likely that the post-reproductive physiology of an organism (i.e., aging) is an epigenetic and pleiotropic manifestation of the optimization for early fitness. Indeed, antagonistic pleiotropy, wherein genes that enhance early survival and function but are disadvantageous later in life, may play an overriding role in aging. Theories of aging can be divided into two general categories: stochastic and developmental-genetic. These are not mutually exclusive, particularly when considering the free radical/mitochondrial DNA theory of aging. Increasing evidence suggests that cellular senescence and organismic aging are antagonistically pleiotropic manifestations of evolutionary pressures to prevent malignant transformation. In other words, aging may be the price we pay to avoid cancer. The beneficial paradox may be that the maximum lifespan potential of humans may have been achieved, in part, due to our ability to grow old.
Application of the Elution Centrifuge to Separation of Polynucleotides with the Use of Polymer Phase Systems (1973)

A flow-through centrifuge without rotating seals enables the use of polymer phase systems for chromatographic separation of macromolecules. The capability of the technique is demonstrated on partition of polynucleotides.
A label-free biosensor based on silver nanoparticles array for clinical detection of serum p53 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (2011)

By using triangular silver (Ag) nanoparticle array, a localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) nanosensor was fabricated and shown to sense serum p53 protein in vitro, which is involved in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The nanosensor consists of a triangular Ag nanoparticles array with single particle dimension of 120 nm in-plane width and 45 nm out-of-plane height. When examined using LSPR nanobiosensor, the results indicated significant difference in LSPR shifts (Δλ(max)) between HNSCC patient and control. Although there is need for precise quantification and large-scale prospective, this report shows that the LSPR nanobiosensor provides a promising platform with attractive advantages for serological diagnosis or molecular diagnosis in tumor, such as HNSCC. This is the first clinical application of the LSPR nanosensor in HNSCC.
Heart rate variability and cardiac autonomic function in systemic lupus erythematosus (1996)

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic disease with significant morbidity and functional disability. The traditional treatment for RA relied on the use of NSAIDs early in the disease course, followed by disease-modifying agents later. More recently, the disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) have become the mainstay of RA therapy because of the recognition of their superior efficacy/toxicity profile. The antimalarial drugs, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, are some of the most commonly used DMARDs in the management of RA. They have been shown to be significantly more effective than NSAIDs alone in several clinical trials, and have a benign toxicity profile. A combination of hydroxychloroquine with methotrexate appears to reduce significantly the hepatic toxicity of methotrexate. In this review, we summarize the efficacy and toxicity profiles of the antimalarial drugs in rheumatoid arthritis.
New algorithm for the passive THz image quality enhancement (2016)

We propose a new approach for THz image quality enhancing using correlation function between the image under consideration and a standard image. The standard image moves in two directions along a image under analysis. As a result, 2 D correlation function is obtained. Multiplying this function by color number belonging to a grey scale, we restore the image under the analysis. This allows to suppress a noise on a new image. This method allows to see the person clothes details that it means multi-times increasing of the passive THz camera temperature resolution. We discuss a choice of standard image characteristics for an achievement of correlation function for high contrast. Other feature of our approach arises from a possibility of a person image coming to the THz camera by using a computer processing of the image only. It means that we can “decrease” a distance between a person and the passive THz camera. This algorithm is very convenient for using and has a high performance.
IPv6 mobility in cluster based heterogeneous wireless mesh networks (2008)

We present a framework for IPv6 mobility support in Cluster Based Heterogeneous Wireless Mesh Networks. The framework inherits the design and the features from the trendy Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) which can provide network-based mobility to Mobile Nodes having standard IPv6 stack. Design and implementation details are described. We also present a virtualization method using User-mode Linux and Ns2-Emultion for implementing and testing the framework. Some qualitative results are provided to prove the correctness and the advantages of our framework. KeywordsProxy Mobile IPv6, PMIPv6, Wireless Mesh Network, Heterogneous Access, Seamless Mobility .
The Managerial Roles of Public Community College Chief Academic Officers (2002)

Utilizing a managerial role survey based on Mintzberg's taxonomy, this study sets out to answer two important questions regarding the duties of the community college Chief Academic Officer: 1) What managerial roles do CAOs at community colleges perform and which roles do they emphasize? 2) Are there differences in the roles CAOs emphasize because of environmental characteristics, because of personal characteristics, or because of situational characteristics? The answers to these questions create a benchmark for managerial roles of CAOs at community colleges.
A Novel Scene Text Detection Algorithm Based On Convolutional Neural Network (2016)

Candidate text region extraction plays a critical role in convolutional neural network (CNN) based text detection from natural images. In this paper, we propose a CNN based scene text detection algorithm with a new text region extractor. The so called candidate text region extractor I-MSER is based on Maximally Stable Extremal Region (MSER), which can improve the independency and completeness of the extracted candidate text regions. Design of I-MSER is motivated by the observation that text MSERs have high similarity and are close to each other. The independency of candidate text regions obtained by I-MSER is guaranteed by selecting the most representative regions from a MSER tree which is generated according to the spatial overlapping relationship among the MSERs. A multi-layer CNN model is trained to score the confidence value of the extracted regions extracted by the I-MSER for text detection. The new text detection algorithm based on I-MSER is evaluated with wide-used ICDAR 2011 and 2013 datasets and shows improved detection performance compared to the existing algorithms.
Calcium ion activation of rabbit liver alpha 1,2-mannosidase. (1990)

Rabbit liver alpha 1,2-mannosidase is a calcium ion requiring enzyme involved in processing the asparagine-linked oligosaccharides of glycoproteins. Ca2+ activation occurs with an apparent Ka of 1.1 microM. The major effect of the metal ion activator is on Km rather than Vmax. The kinetic mechanism of the enzyme is that of an ordered equilibrium in which Ca2+ must bind before substrate and the metal ion cannot release once the substrate has added to the enzyme. Several other divalent cations including Co2+, Mn2+, and Zn2+ were competitive with Ca2+ and inhibited the enzyme. Significantly, Mg2+ had no effect on enzyme activity. 1-Deoxymannojirimycin and Tris, which inhibit glycoprotein processing in vivo, are inhibitors of the mannosidase competitive with substrate. The effect of Ca2+ on the affinity of the enzyme for substrate may be a determinant in regulation of enzyme activity in vivo.
A novel cell-penetrating peptide suppresses breast tumorigenesis by inhibiting β-catenin/LEF-1 signaling (2016)

The inhibition of β-catenin/LEF-1 signaling is an emerging strategy in cancer therapy. However, clinical targeted treatment of the β-catenin/LEF-1 complex remains relatively ineffective. Therefore, development of specific molecular targets is a key approach for identifying new cancer therapeutics. Thus, we attempted to synthesize a peptide (TAT-NLS-BLBD-6) that could interfere with the interaction of β-catenin and LEF-1 at nuclei in human breast cancer cells. TAT-NLS-BLBD-6 directly interacted with β-catenin and inhibited breast cancer cell growth, invasion, migration, and colony formation as well as increased arrest of sub-G1 phase and apoptosis; it also suppressed breast tumor growth in nude mouse and zebrafish xenotransplantation models, showed no signs of toxicity, and did not affect body weight. Furthermore, the human global gene expression profiles and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software showed that the TAT-NLS-BLBD-6 downstream target genes were associated with the HER-2 and IL-9 signaling pathways. TAT-NLS-BLBD-6 commonly down-regulated 27 candidate genes in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, which are concurrent with Wnt downstream target genes in human breast cancer. Our study suggests that TAT-NLS-BLBD-6 is a promising drug candidate for the development of effective therapeutics specific for Wnt/β-catenin signaling inhibition.
Efficient CP-ABE Attribute/Key Management for IoT Applications (2015)

Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption (CP-ABE) is a promising cryptographic mechanism for fine-grained access control to shared data. Attribute/Key management is a keystone issue in CP-APE because of low efficiency of existing attribute revocation techniques. Indeed, existing solutions induce great side effect after each attribute revocation. The side effect induces rekeying and/or re-assignment of attributes to all users. In this paper, we propose a solution which does not require extra entities like proxies to re-encrypt data after every access policy change. Moreover, our solution does not imply latencies following access grants and revocations. We compare our solution with the batch-based CP-ABE attribute management technique and we show that our solution outperforms existing rekeying/revocation techniques in terms of overhead.
A Comparative Study of Modelling Techniques for Laminar Flow Transients in Hydraulic Pipelines (2005)

Accurate predictions of pressure surges are crucial in many fluid-line systems. There are several techniques available for modelling flow transients in hydraulic pipelines, offering different advantages and disadvantages and therefore suiting different applications. In this paper four modelling methods are evaluated in terms of accuracy, computational efficiency and flexibility for laminar, single-phase flow in circular, rigid pipes. These are the method of characteristics (MOC), the finite element method (FEM), the transmission line method (TLM), and the rational polynomial transfer function approximation (RPTFA) method, which is a form of modal approximation method. All four methods were implemented in MATLAB/Simulink. It was found that the RPTFA model potentially gives the most accurate solution, while the MOC and TLM models are the most computationally efficient. The FEM is the least accurate out of the four methods, but it can be used with varying parameters and time steps thus providing the most modelling flexibility.
Hospital acquired infection: principles and prevention: By G. A. J. AYLIFFE, B. J. COLLINS and LYNDA J. TAYLOR. 1982. Wright PSG, Bristol. Pp. x and 147.  4.50. (1983)

Microbiology Society journals contain high-quality research papers and topical review articles. We are a not-for-profit publisher and we support and invest in the microbiology community, to the benefit of everyone. This supports our principal goal to develop, expand and strengthen the networks available to our members so that they can generate new knowledge about microbes and ensure that it is shared with other communities.
Muscle and Tendon Size Relationships in a Paralyzed Chick Embryo Model of Clubfoot (1998)

Clubfoot is a birth defect that may be related to muscle weakness or imbalance. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among muscle and tendon size and embryonic motility in a paralyzed chick embryo model of clubfoot and arthrogryposis. Decamethonium bromide, a neuromuscular blocking agent, was administered to a series of embryos in five dosage groups, producing a cohort of embryos with various degrees of paralysis and atrophy of tendons and muscle. Embryonic movement frequency was monitored, and after death in late gestation, the cross-sectional areas of the calf musculature and the gastrocnemius tendon proximal to the ankle were measured histologically. Significant correlations were found between embryonic motility and both muscle(r2 = 0.52) and tendon (r2 = 0.77) areas. In addition, a significant correlation (r2 = 0.74) was found between muscle and tendon areas, suggesting that a measurement of one may be used to predict the other.
Measurement of cell proliferation by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a monoclonal antibody to bromodeoxyuridine (1991)

An ELISA was developed and optimized to measure cell proliferation using a monoclonal antibody to bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd). Incorporation of BrdUrd into myoblast monolayers, measured as the optical density at 492 nm, increased in response to fetal calf serum, IGF-I and EGF, the ELISA data correlated closely with data obtained by BrdUrd immunocytochemistry (r = 0.984), cell counting (r = 0.972) and tritiated thymidine uptake by liquid scintillation counting (r = 0.990). The BrdUrd ELISA is a useful alternative to measurement of tritiated thymidine uptake by scintillation counting, and has the added advantages of dispensing with the use of radioactivity and of being less labour intensive.
XML: data's universal language (2000)

You have probably heard a lot lately about Extensible Markup Language (XML): a new tag based language for describing data. Trade journals and industry magazines devote cover pages to it, and application vendors build in support for it and promote its virtues. The most enthusiastic supporters claim XML will open the door for the next generation of Internet applications. But will XML live up to all the hype? XML is fast becoming the key language for an increasing number of new applications. It is poised to fundamentally alter the way we deliver and use information and to enable the creation of new, powerful applications. It has the potential to shape the future of the Web, among other things. But XML is still a work in progress. Designers and developers are adding new features to it and developing new technologies around it.
Hollow Micro/Nanomaterials with Multilevel Interior Structures (2009)

Abstract In this Review, recent achievements in the multilevel interior‐structured hollow 0D and 1D micro/nanomaterials are presented and categorized. The 0D multilevel interior‐structured micro/nanomaterials are classified into four main interior structural categories that include a macroporous structure, a core‐in‐hollow‐shell structure, a multishell structure, and a multichamber structure. Correspondingly, 1D tubular micro/nanomaterials are of four analogous structures, which are a segmented structure, a wire‐in‐tube structure, a multiwalled structure, and a multichannel structure. Because of the small sizes and complex interior structures, some special synthetic strategies that are different from routine hollowing methods, are proposed to produce these interior structures. Compared with the same‐sized solid or common hollow counterparts, these fantastic multilevel hollow‐structured micro/nanomaterials show a good wealth of outstanding properties that enable them broad applications in catalysis, sensors, Li‐ion batteries, microreactors, biomedicines, and many others.
Modeling hot-carrier effects in polysilicon emitter bipolar transistors (1988)

In self-aligned polysilicon emitter transistors a large electric field existing at the periphery of the emitter-base junction under reverse bias can create hot-carrier-induced degradation. The degradation of polysilicon emitter transistor gain under DC stress conditions can be modelled by Delta I/sub B/ varies as I/sub R//sup m+n/t/sup n/ where n approximately=0.5 and m approximately=0.5. The more complex relationships of Delta beta (I/sub C/, I/sub R/, t) and beta (I/sub C/, I/sub R/, t) result naturally from the simple Delta I/sub B/ model. Using these relationships the device lifetime can be extrapolated over a wide range of reverse stress currents for a given technology.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Software Product Line Process to Develop Agents for the IoT (2015)

One of the most important challenges of this decade is the Internet of Things (IoT), which aims to enable things to be connected anytime, anyplace, with anything and anyone, ideally using any path/network and any service. IoT systems are usually composed of heterogeneous and interconnected lightweight devices that support applications that are subject to change in their external environment and in the functioning of these devices. The management of the variability of these changes, autonomously, is a challenge in the development of these systems. Agents are a good option for developing self-managed IoT systems due to their distributed nature, context-awareness and self-adaptation. Our goal is to enhance the development of IoT applications using agents and software product lines (SPL). Specifically, we propose to use Self-StarMASMAS, multi-agent system) agents and to define an SPL process using the Common Variability Language. In this contribution, we propose an SPL process for Self-StarMAS, paying particular attention to agents embedded in sensor motes.
The post‐colonial state and the forces and relations of production: Swaziland (1977)

In the case of Swaziland it is shown that the articulation of the capitalist mode of production in southern Africa with the non‐capitalist mode, the Swazi mode, provides a starting point from which to understand the take‐over of state power at independence and of the role played by the post‐colonial state.
Multi-neural networks approaches for biomedical applications: classification of brainstem auditory evoked potentials (2003)

Auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) are electrical response caused by the brief stimulation of the auditory sensing system. AEP based techniques are important tools to diagnosis many of auditory pathologies. Especially to suspect the presence of auditory tumors called 'acoustic neuromas'. We investigate the design of a neural based biomedical diagnosis aide tool. We use three models of artificial neural networks: learning vector quantization, radial basis function and backpropagation ones. In our approach these three neural networks are used to achieve the classification in two multi-neural network configurations. A case study and experimental results are reported and discussed.
Multilead ECG Delineation Using Spatially Projected Leads From Wavelet Transform Loops (2009)

In this paper, a novel multilead (ML) based automatic strategy for delineation of ECG boundaries is proposed and evaluated with respect to the QRS and T-wave boundaries. The ML strategy is designed from a single-lead (SL) wavelet-transform-based delineation system. It departs from three orthogonal leads and takes advantage of the spatial information provided using a derived lead better fitted for delineation. SL delineation is then applied over this optimal derived lead. The ML strategy produces a reduced error dispersion compared to SL results, thus providing more robust, accurate, and stable boundary locations than any electrocardiographic lead by itself and outperforming strategies based on lead selection rules after SL delineation.
Compatibility and sex specific phage plating characteristics of the TOL and NAH catabolic plasmids (1978)

SUMMARY The sex specific bacteriophage PR4 has been found to plate on P. aeruginosa strains harbouring the TOL catabolic plasmid or the plasmid pND2 derived from TOL. Based on this, attempts were made to place TOL into a Pseudomonas plasmid incompatibility group and by showing that pND2 is incompatible with the R plasmid R2, TOL has been placed into the P-9 group. The NAH catabolic plasmid has been reported to be incompatible with TOL, pND2 and a variety of other plasmids derived from TOL. Thus, these plasmids also would appear to belong to the P-9 incompatibility group.
Health Care Access and Insurance Availability in Nevada (2012)

The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2012) defines healthcare access as “the timely use of health services to achieve the best health outcomes.” The Department specifies that efficient health care access is contingent on several steps, including (1) entry into the healthcare system, (2) availability of needed services, and (3) accessibility of providers with whom individuals can establish relationships founded on mutual communication and trust.
Choosing populations to study the health effects of low-dose ionizing radiation. (1981)

In January 1978, the United States Congress requested information about the utility of additional epidemiologic studies for quantifying the health effects of low-dose ionizing radiation. In our judgment, no single population can be recommended for study on purely scientific grounds, since the largest group offers only a small chance to obtain a definitive result. On the other hand, if social pressures and regulatory agencies mandate that such studies be attempted, we would recommend prospective cohort studies of occupational populations. We propose that a national worker registry be developed using ionizing radiation as the prototype for studying other occupational exposures. The problems related to studying low-level radiation are not unique, but apply equally to investigations dealing with a great variety of toxic agents. A national plan for collecting information on workers' exposure and health could provide a cost-efficient means to answer public health questions posed by the Congress, scientists and the public.
Electromagnetic scattering by arbitrarily shaped surfaces with impedance boundary conditions (1992)

The impedance boundary condition has been implemented in the electric field integral equation triangular patch model for scattering from arbitrarily shaped, imperfectly conducting surfaces. The impedance boundary condition function has been assumed linear within each triangular face, and discontinuous changes in the impedance value are allowed from face to face. The procedure has been validated by comparison of numerical results obtained with the model and exact solutions for scattering by spheres having uniform impedance boundary conditions. Validation for scattering by objects with discontinuous or nonuniform impedance boundary conditions has been obtained by comparison of triangular patch models with body of revolution models.