gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A study on hyphomycetous fungi found on Maejus, a raw material of Korean traditional soysources (1993)

우리나라 전국 각지에서 수집한 메주에서 곰팡이만 48개의 균주를 순수분리하여, 29 종으로 동정하였다. 29 종의 fungi 중에서 불완전균은 3 속 20종으로 Aspergillus 속의 균 5 종, Scopulariosis 속의 1 종, Penicillium 속의 균 14종이 동정되었다. 메주에 서식하는 불완전균에는 Penicillium 속이 14종으로 다앙하게 나타났으나, 메주발효에 중요 역할을 하는 균은 아닌것으로 고려되었다. Sc. brevicaulis는 여러 메주에서 발효를 잘 시켰으며, Aspergillus 속의 균에서는 A. flavus보다 A. oryzae가 콩을 더 잘 발효시켰다. Sc. brevicaulis, A. oryzae, P. tulolense, 및 P. funiculosum의 4 개종으로 만들어진 메주에서 단간장 맛이 강하였다. 【Forty-eight fungal isolates were collected from the Korean traditional maejus and twenty-eight isolates of them were identified to be a hyphomycetous fungus(three genera and 20 species) Aspergillus flavus, A. flavus var columnaris, A. oryzae, A, oryzae var effusus, A. terreus, Scopula­riosis brevicaulis, Penicillium botryosum, P. gorlenkoanum, P. griseo-purpureum, P. citrinum, P. miczynskii, P. gaditanum, P. turolense, P. funiculosum, P. rubicundum, P. godlewskii, P. jensenii, P. roqueforti, P. volguense, P. verrucosum. Various 14 species of Penicillium were isolated from maejus, but all of them were not considered to be involved in the maeju fermentation. Otherwise, S. brevicaulis was especially collected from the maejus of various located areas, but were also related to the good quality of maejus under labratory conditions. A. flavus, A. oryzae P. tulolense, and P. funiculosum were also observed to be involved in the process of maeju.】
Psychological monitoring of overtraining and staleness. (1987)

It is widely agreed that overtraining should be employed in order to achieve peak performance but it is also recognised that overtraining can actually produce decrements in performance. The challenge appears to be one of monitoring stress indicators in the athlete in order to titrate the training stimulus and prevent the onset of staleness. The present paper summarises a ten-year research effort in which the mood states of competitive swimmers have been monitored at intervals ranging from 2-4 weeks during individual seasons for the period 1975-1986. The training cycle has always involved the indoor season which extends from September to March and the athletes who served as subjects were 200 female and 200 male competitive swimmers. The results indicate that mood state disturbances increased in a dose-response manner as the training stimulus increased and that these mood disturbances fell to baseline levels with reduction of the training load. Whilst these results have been obtained in a realistic setting devoid of experimental manipulation, it is apparent that monitoring of mood state provides a potential method of preventing staleness.
Stimulation of δ Opioid Receptor and Blockade of Nociceptin/Orphanin FQ Receptor Synergistically Attenuate Parkinsonism (2014)

δ opioid peptide (DOP) receptors are considered a therapeutic target in Parkinson's disease, although the use of DOP agonists may be limited by side effects, including convulsions. To circumvent this issue, we evaluated whether blockade of nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) tone potentiated the antiparkinsonian effects of DOP agonists, thus allowing for reduction of their dosage. Systemic administration of the N/OFQ receptor (NOP) antagonist J-113397 [(3R,4R)-1-cyclooctylmethyl-3-hydroxymethyl-4-piperidyl]-3-ethyl-1,3-dihydro-2H benzimidazol-2-one] and the DOP receptor agonist SNC-80 [(+)-4-[(αR)-α-(2S,5R)-allyl-2,5-dimethyl-1-piperazinyl)-3-methoxy-benzyl]-N-N-diethylbenzamide] revealed synergistic attenuation of motor deficits in 6-hydroxydopamine hemilesioned rats and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-treated mice. In this model, repeated administration of the combination produced reproducible antiparkinsonian effects and was not associated with rescued striatal dopamine terminals. Microdialysis studies revealed that either systemic administration or local intranigral perfusion of J-113397 and SNC-80 led to the enhancement of nigral GABA, reduction of nigral Glu, and reduction of thalamic GABA levels, consistent with the view that NOP receptor blockade and DOP receptor stimulation caused synergistic overinhibition of nigro-thalamic GABA neurons. Whole-cell recording of GABA neurons in nigral slices confirmed that NOP receptor blockade enhanced the DOP receptor-induced effect on IPSCs via presynaptic mechanisms. Finally, SNC-80 more potently stimulated stepping activity in mice lacking the NOP receptor than wild-type controls, confirming the in vivo occurrence of an NOP-DOP receptor interaction. We conclude that endogenous N/OFQ functionally opposes DOP transmission in substantia nigra reticulata and that NOP receptor antagonists might be used in combination with DOP receptor agonists to reduce their dosage while maintaining their full therapeutic efficacy.
Protection of mice against Giardia muris infection (1979)

Strains of mice showing relatively rapid (BALB/c) and defective (C3H/He) spontaneous elimination of Giardia muris displayed marked differences in the degree of resistance to infection induced by prior injection of trophozoites in Freund complete adjuvant.
A note on the yeast flora associated with fermentation of mango (1982)

Fifteen morphologically different groups of yeasts consisting of Metschnikowia pulcherrima, Trichosporon cutaneum, Kloeckera apiculata, Torulopsis Candida, Tor. glabrata. Tor. apicola, Candida tropicalis, Cand. krusei, Cand. sorbosa, Cand. diversa, Pichia terricola, Pic. membranaefaciens, Hyphopichia burtonii, Rhodotorula graminis and Aureobasidium pullulans were isolated from fresh, fermenting and fermented juice of two varieties of mango. This is the first report on the study of yeast flora of mango and also on the occurrence of Hyp. burtonii on fruits.
Design and evaluation of a cart for the collection and segregation of low-level radioactive waste. (1989)

This note describes a collection cart of sufficient size and shielding for the weekly service of 45 large biomedical departments distributed throughout nine interconnected buildings on a 15-acre campus
Purification and Characterization of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells from Patients with Lipoaspirate Transplant (2010)

Techniques for medical tissue regeneration require an abundant source of human adult stem cells. There is increasing evidence that adipose stem cells contribute to restoration of tissue vascularization and organ function. The object of our study was to isolate and characterize adult adipose-derived stem cells from patients undergoing on lipoaspirate transplant with the aim to improve tissue regeneration. Adipose-derived stem cells were isolated and purified from the lipoaspirate of 15 patients and characterized for CD markers and the ability to differentiate toward the adipogenic lineage. We found that purified adipose stem cells express high level of CD49d, CD44, CD90, CD105, CD13, and CD71 and these markers of staminality were maintained at high level for at least 3 months and seven passages of in vitro culture. As expected, these cells resulted negative for the endothelial and hematopoietic-specific markers CD31, CD106, CD34, and CD45. Differentiation towards adipogenic lineage demonstrated that purified adipose-derived stem cells are still able to become adipocytes at least 3 months after in vitro culture. The analysis of Akt and MAPK phosphorylation confirmed a modulation of their activity during differentiation. Interestingly, we established for the first time that, among the p53 family members, a strong upregulation of p63 expression occurs in adipocytic differentiation, indicating a role for this transcription factor in adipocytic differentiation. Taken together, these data indicate that purified lipoaspirate-derived stem cells maintain their characteristic of staminality for a long period of in vitro culture, suggesting that they could be applied for cell-based therapy to improve autologous lipoaspirate transplant.
Impaired in vitro growth of purified (CD34+) hematopoietic progenitors in human immunodeficiency virus-1 seropositive thrombocytopenic individuals (1992)

In this report the role played by human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) in the pathogenesis of HIV-1-related thrombocytopenia was investigated. CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells were purified from the bone marrow (BM) of HIV-1(+) thrombocytopenic patients, HIV-1(+) nonthrombocytopenic individuals, HIV-1(-) patients with immune thrombocytopenic purpura, and HIV-1(-) normal donors. CD34+ cells from HIV-1(+) thrombocytopenic individuals alone showed a reduced capacity to give rise to megakaryocytic colonies (CFU-Meg) and also a progressive and significant decline in cell number when placed in liquid culture containing recombinant human interleukin-3 (rIL-3). This decline involved not only megakaryocyte but also erythroid and granulocyte/macrophage progenitors. The defects in megakaryocyte colony formation and CD34+ cell growth did not result from a productive HIV-1 infection of CD34+ cells. Moreover, HIV-1 DNA was absent from CD34+ cells in 10 of 12 thrombocytopenic patients examined. On the other hand, the decreased survival/proliferation of CD34+ cells in liquid culture, within the HIV-1(+) thrombocytopenic patients, was correlated with the presence of HIV-1 p24 antigen in BM plasma. These results demonstrate an impairment of CD34+ cells in HIV-1(+) individuals presenting thrombocytopenia as the only hematologic manifestation. Furthermore, these findings suggest that increased viral replication in the BM microenvironment may cause this impairment and possibly contributes to HIV-induced thrombocytopenia.
Late-Preterm Birth and Its Association With Cognitive and Socioemotional Outcomes at 6 Years of Age (2010)

Late-preterm birth is associated with behavioral problems and lower IQ at the age of 6, independent of maternal IQ, residential setting, and sociodemographics. Future research is needed to investigate whether these findings result from a reduction in gestational length, in utero (eg, obstetric complications) or ex-utero (eg, neonatal complications) factors marked by late-preterm birth, or some combination of these factors.
Air transport annual report 2012 (2012)

The World Bank Group (WBG) fiscal year 2012 air transport portfolio includes nearly 30 projects or project components in all six World Bank region, as well as 20 active International Finance Corporation (IFC) investments and several advisory mandates. FY2012 has been successful year for air transport despite a small decline in the active air transport portfolio volume of the WBG of 4.5 percent from US $ 1304.8 to $ US 1245.6 due to the completion of several projects. The majority of projects in the International Development Association (IDA) and International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) air transport portfolio are being implemented in the Africa region, with new and additional commitments in Tanzania and Sierra Leone approved this year. The focus of these projects is particularly on infrastructure rehabilitation, institutional strengthening, and capacity building. Most new activity has been recorded in the East Asia and Pacific region with the launch of the Pacific Aviation Investment Program (PAIP). The implementation of IBRD and IDA financed projects in Latin America and the Caribbean and the Middle East and North Africa progressed satisfactorily in FY2012. The IFC air transport portfolio decreased slightly in FY2012, by 7.7 percent in active project commitments to US $ 32.9 million. Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) has been involved in air transport with the issuance of guarantees for two airport projects in Ecuador and Peru. Finally industry- relevant research by the WBG this year was focused on low cost airlines analyzing opportunities and impact of business model in developing countries. This research is planned to be completed in FY2013.
Changes in Rural Purchasing Power in Taiwan, 1952-72 (1975)

Community/Rural/Urban Development, International Development
SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF LIGNOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE, CHLORHEXIDINE GLUCONATE, AND TRIAMCINOLONE ACETONIDE IN SUSPENSION BY REVERSED-PHASE HPLC (1999)

The validation of an isocratic high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) procedure for the simultaneous determination of lignocaine hydrochloride, chlorhexidine gluconate and triamcinolone acetonide in suspension is reported. Reverse phase chromatography was conducted using 250 × 4.6 mm I.D. 5μm C18 column and monitored on a UV detector at 240nm. Two mobile phases were used: mobile phase A comprised a mixture of methanol/water/triethylamine (58:42:0.4) and the pH adjusted to 3 with phosphoric acid for analysing active ingredients, and mobile phase B was a mixture of methanol/0.01 N ammonium acetate (70:30) for limit testing related substances. Linear response (r > 0.999) was observed over the range of 20–240% of its label claim. The intra-day precision (RSD) of label claim amongst five independent sample preparations, was not more than 0.64% for peak area, and there was no significant difference (P < 0.05) between intra- and inter-day studies. Intermediate precision, as determined from twenty sample preparations, generated by two analysts on different HPLC systems over 7 days, indicated that the assay possessed high degrees of ruggedness by ANOVA test. Recovery studies showed good results for all solutes (99.20%–100.52%) and coefficients of variation ranging from 0.28% to 1.19%. The method showed that the excipients of the commercial suspension and potential degradation impurities caused no interferent effect in the determination of the active ingredients. Related substance limit test indicated that the amount of degradation impurities could be monitored which was important for evaluating the impact of manufacturing process or source changing on product quality. The stability studies at room temperature demonstrated that the drug is stable for at least 1 year. The method is simple, rapid, specific, and reliable, and can be successfully used for the quality control on commercial bulk product.
Performance Evaluation of Photovoltaic Solar Panel Using Thermoelectric Cooling (2014)

As a great potential renewable energy source, solar energy is becoming one of the most important energies in the future. Performance of PV panel decreases with increase in temperature of the PV panel. Hence, output power of PV module drops with rise in temperature, if heat is not removed. The cooling of PV modules would enhance the performance of PV panel. In order to cool this thermoelectric system is used. Hybridization of PV module with thermoelectric modules used to increase the overall efficiency of the solar energy conversion system by keeping temperature constant within the limits. Model of hybrid combination of PV–Thermoelectric has been developed and study of thermoelectric has done to illustrate its usefulness in hybrid model of PV and thermoelectric modules. This paper shows the performance of PV panel through augmentation of thermoelectric cooling system to increase overall electric conversion efficiency of PV array
Mechanistic Evaluation of Matrix Effect on Three Different Model of Mass Spectrometer by Using a Model Drug (2016)

In this research work we have tried to emphasis that the synergistic approach is required wherein during method development sample processing and instrument i.e., mass spectrometershall be evaluated in synchronized manner to get the best possible combination of processing technique and instrument model to get a method with no or minimal matrix effect. To perform this research work polar molecule niacin is considered as a model drug to evaluate the synergistic approach. Plasma was treated with three different conventional sample preparation procedures (PPT, LLE and SPE) and samples processed with the three methodology were then analyzed on three different instrument models of AB Sciex i.e., API-3000, API-3200, API-4000. Except for type of sample processing technique and instrument model, rest of the parameters like aliquot volume, internal standard working solution volume and chromatographic conditions were kept constant to avoid contribution of these factors due to these variables. Samples were analyzed using Inertsil® CN-3 as an analytical column and mobile phase consist of acetonitrile - solution-1(0.002% formic acid in water, v/v) in the ratio of 70:30, v/v. Result evidently showed that matrix effect was minimized through SPE technique over LLE technique and behavior of the co-elute matrix also changed significantly with ion-source design of the mass spectrometer. Consequently, the development result clearly showed that matrix effect was nullified by samples prepared by SPE technique and analyzed on API-3000. Results obtained from API- 3000 and API-4000 models were also comparable in terms of matrix effect. API-3000 in combination with solid phase extraction procedure was selected to further validate the method as API-4000 showed charge competition of internal standard. Overall, the results indicate that extraction procedure plays a crucial role to control matrix effect but to get the best result LC have to be coupled with mass spectrometer with proper ion source.
A global analysis of deforestation due to biofuel development (2011)

This report examines whether the recent increase in biofuel feedstock production is resulting in increased deforestation rates and magnitudes within tropical regions. It reviews several methodological challenges for undertaking this analysis, and presents a set of preliminary findings. The analysis is focused on three regions from a global perspective: Latin America, southeast Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa. The report deals only with agriculture-based feedstocks such as sugarcane, soya, palm oil and jatropha, known also as first generation biofuels, because second generation biofuels from wood or other lignocelullosic materials have not yet been produced on a commercial scale. The analysis centres on the years since 2000 due to the marked increase in biofuel production since then.
Partial purification and characterization of mold antigens commonly found in foods (1993)

Rapid methods are needed for detection of molds in foods; therefore, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed. The extracellular and mycelial antigens for Mucor, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, and Geotrichum species were partially purified and characterized. The molecular masses of the mycelial and extracellular antigens, as determined by size exclusion chromatography, ranged from 4.5 x 10(5) to 6.7 x 10(5) Da. There was only one main antigenic peak separated by Sepharose CL-4B and concanavalin A-Sepharose columns for Mucor, Cladosporium, and Geotrichum mycelial and extracellular antigens, but there were two for Aspergillus mycelial antigens and three for Aspergillus extracellular antigens. These antigens contained 10 to 50% protein which was part of the active site since protease digestion significantly decreased antigenic activity. Neutral sugars, ranging from 13 to 75%, made up the rest of the active site, and < 1% phosphate was detected in mycelial antigens. Geotrichum, Cladosporium, and Aspergillus antigens contained mainly glucose, galactose, and mannose. Mucor antigens contained these sugars plus fucose. The percentage of sugars differed between the mycelia and extracellular antigens. Enzymatic digestion and competitive inhibition tests using different sugar derivatives showed that galactosyl residues with beta linkages were immunodominant for Aspergillus, Geotrichum, and Cladosporium antigens and mannosyl residues with alpha linkages were immunodominant for Mucor antigens.
A 200-MHz sub-mA RF front end for wireless hearing aid applications (2000)

A hearing-aid system with RF connection between both ear-pieces is described and its transceiver is introduced. A suitable 200-MHz RF front end has been implemented in a 0.8-/spl mu/m BiCMOS technology. Low power consumption and area constraint were key requirements. The chip comprises a low noise amplifier (LNA), a single balanced mixer, a varactor tuned LC local oscillator with buffer and a 16/17 dual-modulus prescaler. The LNA has a measured gain of 17.5 dB at 200 MHz. The conversion g/sub m/ of the mixer is 1.88 mS. The overall voltage gain and noise figure are 26 dB and 5.2 dB, respectively. The voltage-controlled oscillator's (VCO's) phase noise is -104.7 dBc/Hz at an offset of 24 kHz.
Plant Population and Nitrogen Fertilization for Subsurface Drip-irrigated Onion (2004)

Onion ( Allium cepa L.) production in the Treasure Valley of eastern Oregon and southwestern Idaho has been based on furrow irrigation with 318 kg·ha -1 N fertilizer and average yields of 70 Mg·ha -1 , but these practices have been implicated in nitrate contamination of groundwater. Drip irrigation, introduced in the early 1990s, has several advantages, including reduced leaching losses. Since onion plant populations and N fertilizer rates can affect economic returns, studies were conducted in 1999, 2000, and 2001 to determine optimum plant populations and N fertilizer rates for subsurface drip-irrigated onion. Long-day onion (`Vision') was subjected to a combination of seven nitrogen fertilization rates (0 to 336 kg·ha -1 in 56-kg increments applied between late May and early July) and four plant populations (185, 250, 300, and 370 thousand plants/ha). Onion was grown on silt loam in two double rows spaced 0.56 m apart on 1.1 m beds with a drip tape buried 13 cm deep in the bed center. Soil water potential was maintained nearly constant at -20 kPa by automated irrigations based on soil water potential measurements at a 0.2-m depth. Onion bulbs were evaluated for yield and grade after 70 days of storage. Onion yield and grade were highly responsive to plant population. Onion marketable yield increased, and bulb diameter decreased with increasing plant population. Within the range of plant populations tested, gross returns were not always responsive to plant population. Returns were increased by the increase in marketable yield obtained with higher plant population, but higher plant population also reduced the production of the largest sized bulbs which had the highest value per weight. Onion yielded 95 Mg·ha -1 with no applied N fertilizer, averaged over plant populations and years. Onion yield and grade were not responsive to N fertilizer rate or interaction of N fertilizer rate with plant population. Preplant soil available N, N mineralization, and N in irrigation water all contributed N to the crop. Onion N uptake did not increase with increasing N fertilizer rate.
Automatic functional test program generation for microprocessor verification (2005)

A novel specification driven and constraints solving based method to automatically generate test programs from simple to complex ones for advanced microprocessors is presented in this paper. Our microprocessor architectural automatic test program generator (MA2TG) can produce not only random test programs but also a sequence of instructions for a specific constraint by specifying a user constraints file. The proposed methodology makes three important contributions. First, it simplifies the microprocessor architecture modeling and eases adoption of architecture modification via architecture description language (ADL) specification. Second, it generates test programs for specific constraints utilizing the power of state-to-art constraints solving techniques. Finally, the number of test program for microprocessor verification and the verification time are dramatically reduced. We applied this method on DLX processor to illustrate the usefulness of our approach.