gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Universal Slepian-Wolf Source Codes Using Low-Density Parity-Check Matrices (2010)

Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes become very popular in channel coding, since they can achieve the performance close to maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding with linear complexity of the block length. Recently, Muramatsu et al. proposed a code using LDPC matrices for Slepian-Wolf source coding, and showed that their code can achieve any point in the achievable rate region of Slepian-Wolf source coding. However, since they employed ML decoding, their decoder needs to know the probability distribution of the source. Hence, it is an open problem whether there exists a universal code using LDPC matrices, where universal code means that the error probability of the code vanishes as the block length tends to infinity for all sources whose achievable rate region contains the rate pair of encoders. In this paper, we show the existence of a universal Slepian-Wolf source code using LDPC matrices for stationary memoryless sources.
Properties of Superconducting Tapes as Functions of Mechanical Processing (1993)

This study provides evidence showing a positive association between HW phenotype and markers of systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction.
Politics and minorities in Africa (2012)

This second volume of the book series Nova Collectanea Africana focuses on the relations between minorities and politics in independent Africa. Politics and Minorities in Africa gives an account of political participation of African minorities from their own point of view, instead of analyzing it from the majority's perspective. Rather than keeping the traditional distinction between Mediterranean and Sub-Saharan Africa, Politics and Minorities in Africa encompasses a relevant number of African countries, analyzed through several case studies. The book is divided instead into four thematic sections: Identities, Elections, Religion and Boundaries and Territories. Each chapter presents an original contribution, drawing from different disciplinary approaches. This results in a multifaceted and multidisciplinary overview of the issue.
Beyond Techniques of Case Management: The Challenge of the Civil Justice Reform Act of 1990 (2012)

The three of us spent many hours together discussing that project, and a number of the ideas presented in this paper had their genesis in those sessions.I am very much in their debt.Some ideas had their genesis in discussions with William B. Eldridge, Director of Research, Federal Judicial Center, when we
Two-Dimensional Laser Deflection Using Fourier Optics (1965)

Although several methods of rapid light deflection have been proposed by Bergmann and others, <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> the problem of two-dimensional deflection is still not completely solved. The purpose of this communication is to examine the feasibility of a method of diffracting the collimated monochromatic light of a laser by means of the diffraction spectrum of crossed objects having variable frequency, periodic amplitude or phase. By such means it is possible to move an intense light spot over a two-dimensional field. A possible application of this principal would be in read-only computer stores.
A MIMO Antenna Structure that Combines Transmit Beamforming and Spatial Multiplexing (2007)

We propose a new closed-loop MIMO (Multiple- Input Multiple-Output) signal processing scheme that combines transmit beamforming and spatial multiplexing in Rayleigh frequency-flat fading channel environment. Diversity gain is achieved by beamforming, and multiplexing gain by spatial multi- plexing. The proposed scheme is particularly useful for downlink communication, where the number of transmit antennas at the base station is greater than the number of receive antennas at the mobile. Beamforming weight vectors are computed at the receiver using the estimated channel matrix and are sent to the transmitter. The computation is based on the mutual information maximization criterion which reduces to a symmetric eigenvalue problem. The BER (Bit Error Rate) performance comparisons with other known schemes are also presented for the cases of the ML (Maximum Likelihood) decoding and the MMSE (Minimum Mean-Squared Error) nulling and ordered-cancellation decod- ing, through extensive Monte-Carlo simulation. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme has lower BER than the other schemes.
A Concrete Certificateless Signature Scheme without Pairings (2009)

Certificateless public key cryptography was introduced to avoid the inherent key escrow problem in identity-based cryptography, and eliminate the use of certificates in traditional PKI. Most cryptographic schemes in certificateless cryptography are built from bilinear mappings on elliptic curves which need costly operations. Despite the investigation of certificateless public key encryption without pairings, certificateless signature without pairings received much less attention than what it deserves. In this paper, we present a concrete pairing-free certificateless signature scheme for the first time. Our scheme is more computationally efficient than others built from pairings. The new scheme is provably secure in the random oracle model assuming the hardness of discrete logarithm problem.
Long non‐coding RNA GHET1 promotes gastric carcinoma cell proliferation by increasing c‐Myc <scp>mRNA</scp> stability (2013)

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a recently characterized class of non-coding RNAs, have been shown to have important regulatory roles and are de-regulated in a variety of tumors. However, the contributions of lncRNAs to gastric carcinoma and their functional mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, we found that lncRNA gastric carcinoma high expressed transcript 1 (lncRNA-GHET1) was up-regulated in gastric carcinoma. The over-expression of this lncRNA correlates with tumor size, tumor invasion and poor survival. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function analyses demonstrated that GHET1 over-expression promotes the proliferation of gastric carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Knockdown of GHET1 inhibits the proliferation of gastric carcinoma cells. RNA pull-down and immunoprecipitation assays confirmed that GHET1 physically associates with insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1) and enhances the physical interaction between c-Myc mRNA and IGF2BP1, consequently increasing the stability of c-Myc mRNA and expression. The expression of GHET1 and c-Myc is strongly correlated in gastric carcinoma tissues. Depletion of c-Myc abolishes the effects of GHET1 on proliferation of gastric carcinoma cells. Taken together, these findings indicate that GHET1 plays a pivotal role in gastric carcinoma cell proliferation via increasing c-Myc mRNA stability and expression, which suggests potential use of GHET1 for the prognosis and treatment of gastric carcinoma.
Learning Stochastic Edit Distance: application in handwritten character recognition (2008)

Many pattern recognition algorithms are based on the nearest neighbour search and use the well known edit distance, for which the primitive edit costs are usually fixed in advance. In this article, we aim at learning an unbiased stochastic edit distance in the form of a finite-state transducer from a corpus of (input,output) pairs of strings. Contrary to the other standard methods, which generally use the Expectation Maximisation algorithm, our algorithm learns a transducer independently on the marginal probability distribution of the input strings. Such an unbiased way to proceed requires to optimise the parameters of a conditional transducer instead of a joint one. We apply our new model in the context of handwritten digit recognition. We show, carrying out a large series of experiments, that it always outperforms the standard edit distance. Key words: Stochastic Edit Distance, Finite-State Transducers, Handwritten character recognition.
Best practices in information technology (IT) management: insights from K‐12 schools’ technology audits (1998)

Information regarding best practices of information technology (IT) management in K‐12 schools provides school leaders with a basis for developing their own IT systems or evaluating their existing systems. Important as this information is, limited literature coverage exists on this topic. Over 100 technology audits conducted by graduate students in school organizations in north‐east Ohio in the United States have yielded insights of best practices that school leaders should find useful. The insights discussed in this article include attention to the access rate of users, leadership promise, technology planning, staff development, technical support, strategic hardware and software procurement, the technology budget, and an expanded view of infrastructural facilities. The article concludes with recommendations to school leaders who are interested in taking their IT practices to another level of excellence.
Regional integration and economic development (1989)

Does it make sense for developing countries to pursue regional integration as a means of accelerating development? Economic analysis based on static comparative advantage clearly indicates that such a course does not make sense if multilateral or even unilateral trade liberalization is a politically feasible alternative. Under second-best scenarios, the creation of regional free trade areas or customs unions may -- or may not -- represent an improvement over the status quo -- depending on the characteristics of the countries and the integration framework being pursued. This paper reviews the criteria for judging whether common markets and customs unions are likely to be welfare-enhancing and the main motivations for regional integration under import-substitution strategies. It presents cross-country evidence that argues against the adoption of inward-oriented policies as a basis for development, while not negating the proposition that significant benefits may be reaped through the creation of larger internal markets. The paper examines the impact of past integration efforts on growth and trade performance. In view of the disappointing performance of most economic unions among developing countries, it examines the main barriers to effective integration, which have prevented the potential benefits of an enlarged internal market from being captured. A revised strategy of regional integration, based on more outward-oriented policies is suggested.
A cross-input adaptive framework for GPU program optimizations (2009)

Recent years have seen a trend in using graphic processing units (GPU) as accelerators for general-purpose computing. The inexpensive, single-chip, massively parallel architecture of GPU has evidentially brought factors of speedup to many numerical applications. However, the development of a high-quality GPU application is challenging, due to the large optimization space and complex unpredictable effects of optimizations on GPU program performance. Recently, several studies have attempted to use empirical search to help the optimization. Although those studies have shown promising results, one important factor—program inputs—in the optimization has remained unexplored. In this work, we initiate the exploration in this new dimension. By conducting a series of measurement, we find that the ability to adapt to program inputs is important for some applications to achieve their best performance on GPU. In light of the findings, we develop an input-adaptive optimization framework, namely G-ADAPT, to address the influence by constructing cross-input predictive models for automatically predicting the (near-)optimal configurations for an arbitrary input to a GPU program. The results demonstrate the promise of the framework in serving as a tool to alleviate the productivity bottleneck in GPU programming.
Liquid contact luminescence for laser material evaluation and flat panel display (2002)

Liquid contact luminescence (LCL) using aqueous electrolytes has been used previously to characterize semiconductor laser material. Using non-aqueous electrolytes, bubble-free LCL has been obtained for the first time, paving the way for its use in a flat panel display.
Human Identification Using Palm-Vein Images (2011)

This paper presents two new approaches to improve the performance of palm-vein-based identification systems presented in the literature. The proposed approach attempts to more effectively accommodate the potential deformations, rotational and translational changes by encoding the orientation preserving features and utilizing a novel region-based matching scheme. We systematically compare the previously proposed palm-vein identification approaches with our proposed ones on two different databases that are acquired with the contactless and touch-based imaging setup. We evaluate the performance improvement in both verification and recognition scenarios and analyze the influence of enrollment size on the performance. In this context, the proposed approaches are also compared for its superiority using single image enrollment on two different databases. The rigorous experimental results presented in this paper, on the databases of 100 and 250 subjects, consistently conforms the superiority of the proposed approach in both the verification and recognition scenario.
Installation of the AIRIX Induction Accelerator (1998)

The AIRIX flash X-Ray Radiographic facility will consist of a 3.5kA/4.0MeV/60ns injector and 64 induction cells powered by 32 H.V. generators (250 kV per cell). The induction cells studies made on the PIVAIR accelerator [1], which is the prototype of AIRIX, have allowed to design specific vacuum technology cells (ferrite are under vacuum). In this paper, we will present the technical features of the injector, and particularly the time-resolved energy measurement, the pepper-pot emittance measurement and the results of the three gradient method experiment which has been made by optical transition radiation and Cerenkov radiation observation. In a second part, we will present the design of the induction cells and their HV performances. We will see also the different tests and characterizations we make on each cell, and how we install the accelerator. Finally, we will expose the intermediate experiment we plan to do with the electron beam, after the first 16 cells, that are just installed. Those experiments will be a comparison between PIVAIR and AIRIX accelerators. They will allow to characterize the electron beam, and to optimize beam transport and beam centering procedures, before continuing the installation.
A Parametric Approach for Initial Hull Form Modeling Using NURBS Representation (2000)

An approach to initial hull form modeling using the concept of parametric generation and manipulation is introduced. The parametric approach is to directly control geometric features or to describe hydrostatic performance of a hull by utilizing naval architecture parameters that uniquely and unambiguously define a hull form. The Non Uniform Rational B-spline (NURBS) representation, which is the most common type of a hull form modeling in use, is combined with the parametric approach to represent a hull form. From a planar net of control points of a NURBS surface, a hull form satisfying the given requirements is automatically generated. The generation of the hull form is accomplished by subdividing the hull into five zones: stem, entrance, midbody, run, and stern, maintaining the continuity between adjacent zones. A library of pre-defined stems and sterns is provided to help a rapid and efficient design. Modification of the initial hull form can be accomplished by manipulating the set of NURBS control points that influences the designated part of the hull form. Refinement for precise hull form and variation to similar hull forms are easily carried out within any hull form distortion system. This proposed modeling approach is useful for an initial hull form design from scratch with minimal user requirements; therefore, it can be an effective tool for the initial design of a hull form when a suitable parent model is unavailable.
Concomitant expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition biomarkers in breast ductal carcinoma: Association with progression (2009)

Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process implicated in cancer progression in which the underlying cellular changes have been identified mainly using in vitro models. We determined the expression of some putative EMT biomarkers including E-cadherin, beta-catenin, zinc finger factor Snail (Snail), transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1), TGFbeta type II receptor (TBRII) and the HGF receptor (c-met) and their possible correlation to progression and overall survival in a series of breast ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive ductal carcinomas (IDC). Biomarkers were immunohistochemically determined in 55 IDC specimens from which 21 had lymph node metastases and in 95 DCIS specimens, 46 of these cases associated to invasive carcinoma, in a tissue microarray (TMA). Positive cytoplasmic staining of TGFbeta1 (78.2%), c-met (43.6%), Snail (34.5%), TBRII (100%), membranous E-cadherin (74.5%) and membranous/cytoplasmic beta-catenin (71%) were detected in the IDC samples. Metastatic lymph node samples displayed similar frequencies. A significant increase of c-met and TGFbeta1 positivity along DCIS to IDC progression was noted but only TGFbeta1 positivity was associated with presence of lymph node metastases and advanced stages in IDC. The evaluation of the other EMT markers in DCIS did not show differences in positivity rate as compared to invasive carcinomas. DCIS either pure or associated to IDC showed similar expression of the analyzed biomarkers. All the carcinomas exhibited positive expression of TBRII. Associations between the markers, determined by Spearman's correlation coefficient, showed a significant association between TGFbeta1 and respectively E-cadherin, beta-catenin and c-met in DCIS cases, but in invasive carcinomas only cadherin and catenin were positively correlated. Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed that none of the EMT biomarkers analyzed were correlated with survival, which was significantly determined only by clinical and hormone receptor parameters.
Sequence of a putative glucose 6‐phosphate translocase, mutated in glycogen storage disease type Ib<sup>1</sup> (1997)

We report the sequence of a human cDNA that encodes a 46 kDa transmembrane protein homologous to bacterial transporters for phosphate esters. This protein presents at its carboxy terminus the consensus motif for retention in the endoplasmic reticulum. Northern blots of rat tissues indicate that the corresponding mRNA is mostly expressed in liver and kidney. In two patients with glycogen storage disease type Ib, mutations were observed that either replaced a conserved Gly to Cys or introduced a premature stop codon. The encoded protein is therefore most likely the glucose 6-phosphate translocase that is functionally associated with glucose-6-phosphatase.
The continuum model (2018)

This chapter presents the continuum model and assesses its ongoing viability in light of the research exploring impression formation since the model's formal publication in 1990. It describes the historical context and reviewed the specific stages of the continuum model. The chapter addresses some of its meta-assumptions about situational and individual differences in motives, along with its emphasis on both expectations and information, and its compatibility with both serial and parallel implementations. It examines the model's five core premises, highlights some of the over 300 citations of it in the social-scientific literature since 1990. The chapter discusses some of the model's theoretical meta-assumptions, clarifying where appropriate some misinterpretations of students' positions. It also discusses impression formation in terms of the informational influences of prevailing category-based processes, interpretations of information configurations that guide use of the continuum, and differential attention to attribute information that mediate the processes.
Field programmable gate array implementation of a neural network accelerator (1994)

The use of a neural network to learn the nonlinear current profiles required to minimise torque ripple in a switched reluctance motor (SRM), at low to medium speeds, has been demonstrated using a digital signal processor (DSP). However, the DSP (Texas Instruments TMS320C25) implementation of a neural network in this application is a limiting factor on motor speed (if maximum current profile integrity is to be maintained). Fortunately, the neural network architecture used (cerebellar model articular controller (CMAC)) is amenable to hardware implementation, a point noted by Albus in one of his original papers and evidenced by at least one previous field programmable gate array (FPGA) implementation. Guided by the requirements of the switched reluctance motor application, a prototype accelerator based on a Xilinx XC4000 FPGA implementation of the neural network has been constructed that operates an order of magnitude faster than the DSP implementation.
Fault Detection by Means of Hilbert–Huang Transform of the Stator Current in a PMSM With Demagnetization (2010)

This paper presents a novel method to diagnose demagnetization in permanent-magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). Simulations have been performed by 2-D finite-element analysis in order to determine the current spectrum and the magnetic flux distribution due to this failure. The diagnostic just based on motor current signature analysis can be confused by eccentricity failure because the harmonic content is the same. Moreover, it can only be applied under stationary conditions. In order to overcome these drawbacks, a novel method is used based upon the Hilbert-Huang transform. It represents time-dependent series in a 2-D time-frequency domain by extracting instantaneous frequency components through an empirical-mode decomposition process. This tool is applied by running the motor under nonstationary conditions of velocity. The experimental results show the reliability and feasibility of the methodology in order to diagnose the demagnetization of a PMSM.
New treatments for Barrett's esophagus. (1997)

New treatments for Barrett's esophagus need to be looked at in the context of the goals of symptom relief, mucosal healing, and prevention of inflammatory and malignant complications. Pharmacological reduction of esophageal acid exposure is effective in controlling the symptoms of reflux and the healing of esophageal mucosa in the majority of patients. Antireflux surgery is similarly successful. Each of these therapeutic modalities rarely results in the reversal of Barrett's esophagus. Reducing the risk of the development of adenocarcinoma may require the elimination of all intestinal metaplasia in the esophagus. Experimentally, by endoscopic criteria this can be accomplished with combination therapy--esophagus acid control and endoscopic ablative techniques. Acid control can be achieved with high-dose proton pump inhibitor therapy or antireflux surgery. Elimination of intestinal metaplasia can be accomplished with laser, photodynamic and electrocoagulation therapy. A better definition of the subgroup of patients with Barrett's esophagus at a high risk of adenocarcinoma is necessary to identify appropriate candidates for combination therapy.