gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamic resource allocation of smart home workloads in the cloud (2016)

Cloud computing offers provision for elastic and scalable infrastructure resource allocation across the network that allows deployment of services for controlling home devices and appliances. Data generated from heterogeneous smart home devices are processed in different application services deployed in the cloud data center. The primary challenge of smart home service provider's is to optimize the cloud resource allocation while satisfying the Quality of Service(QoS) constraints of the application services. Service execution time is one of the most vital QoS parameters. In this paper, a queuing theoretic approach is proposed to model the smart home workload. First, M/M/c queue model is applied to find the response time of smart home tasks with light variation over the arrival rate. Then, Markovian Modulated Poisson Process (MMPP) is used to extend the model to a more advanced type of smart home processing workloads. Next, the optimal number of Virtual Machines(VMs) required deploying the application servers that can satisfy the execution time constraint of incoming workloads is calculated. Finally, total service time of a smart home application is calculated considering into account the possible level of concurrency and dependency among tasks of an application service. In the end, some numerical and simulation examples are provided to validate our findings.
Application of a New Soot Sensor for Exhaust Emission Control Based on Time Resolved Laser Induced Incandescence (TIRE-LII) (2000)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The development of new generations of internal combustion engines requires appropriate measurement techniques for all relevant limited exhaust gas species and particulates. However, because of stricter future emission limits, there is a severe lack especially with respect to soot particles. Conventional methods, like gravimetric sampling, have substantial deficiencies in sensitivity and temporal resolution, which is strongly required for transient tests. Furthermore, artifacts arise from other exhaust components, like sulfuric acid, water vapor and volatile hydrocarbons.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">In contrast to the state-of-the-art techniques, laser induced incandescence (LII) has been proved to be a favorable technique, which overcomes these deficiencies and offers additional information, which allows new insight into combustion phenomena. Besides soot mass concentration, also the soot primary particle size is accessible by this technique. In previous work, basic features of the technique have been introduced and some first applications have been shown for a passenger car and a truck engine. In these investigations a clear correlation was found between the soot mass concentration derived from LII and the filter smoke number measurements.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">In this study, the application of an advanced soot sensor is demonstrated at a medium duty truck engine (MAN D08). This sensor prototype allows an easy adaptation to the exhaust pipe without the need of any further adjustment. A fully automatic on-line evaluation of the measurement data allows an easy use of the compact measurement system. The influence of a few different fuel types on particulate mass concentration and primary particle size was preliminarily investigated at different stationary operation points. Additionally, some first transient tests have been performed with particularly high temporal resolution. The results are discussed in some detail and an outlook on future work is given.</div>
Stokes polarimetry in multiply scattering chiral media: effects of experimental geometry (2007)

The spatial distribution of optical rotation alpha and surviving linear polarization fraction beta(L) of light scattered from cylindrical turbid chiral (glucose-containing) and achiral samples is studied using a linear Stokes polarimeter. alpha and beta(L) are measured in and off the incident plane as the detection angle changes from the forward to the backward direction. The experimental results exhibit a complex dependence on the detection geometry: alpha is more sensitive to glucose presence off the incident plane, whereas beta(L) exhibits larger effects in-plane, as validated by polarization sensitive Monte Carlo simulations. A rigorous methodology is presented for optimizing the experimental geometry in the polarimetric examinations of complex random systems.
Fluorometric and Colorimetric Assessment of Thiobarbituric Acid-Reactive Lipid Aldehydes in Biological Matrices (2003)

The thiobarbituric acid (TBA) assay was developed to quantitatively determine lipid peroxidation for aldehydic compounds in biological matrices. Kohn and Liversedge introduced this methodology in 1944 (1,2). Since its introduction, the TBA assay has generated widespread interest in providing valuable information in the assessment of free radical-mediated damage owing to various disease pathologies as well as peroxidation of fatty acids, foods from plant and animal sources, cell membranes (2–4), and rat-liver microsomes (3–5). A biological marker that indicates oxidative stress with respect to lipid peroxidation in body fluids or cells is malondialdehyde (MDA). MDA is a byproduct of the arachidonate cycle, as well as lipid peroxidation (6–8) and is detectable in quantifiable amounts employing the TBA assay. TBA and MDA react to form a schiff base adduct (illustrated in Fig. 1) under high temperature/acidic conditions to produce a chromogenic/fluorescent product that can be easily measured employing various analytical techniques such as spectrophotometric (7,9–11) or fluorometric methods (6,12–14). Incorporating HPLC with ultraviolet (UV)/fluorometric detection or gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) have also been used previously to determine TBA-MDA adducts (2–3,5,15–17) but those methodologies are beyond the scope of this investigation. Our laboratory has developed a quick, simple, and reliable bioanalytical assay using a fluorescence microplate reader in the detection, as well as quantification of the TBA-MDA adduct (lipid peroxidation product) in rat liver microsomes, which we describe here.
Perinatal and infant mortality in Ireland and selected countries: variations in underlying factors. (1981)

The principal purpose of this paper is to examine the differences between Ireland [and selected other countries] in the main factors known to influence perinatal and infant mortality with particular emphasis on biological and socio-economic factors. (EXCERPT)
Experimental elicitation of contact allergy from a diazolidinyl urea‐preserved cream in relation to anatomical region, exposure time and concentration (2005)

The elicitation potential of the cosmetic preservative diazolidinyl urea was studied in formaldehyde- and diazolidinyl urea-sensitized volunteer patients using a stepwise controlled exposure design. The test product was a facial moisturizer, preserved with varying concentrations of diazolidinyl urea, ranging from 0.05% to 0.6%. A repeated open application-like exposure test was performed on volunteers and a control group with the test product containing increasing preservative concentrations, on arm, neck and face, sequentially, for 2 weeks or until dermatitis developed. The preservative action in the cream at different test concentrations was tested in microbial challenge tests and was found effective at all concentrations tested. The study established a non-eliciting concentration of diazolidinyl urea of 0.05% in formaldehyde-sensitive patients and showed that the skin reactivity depends on the anatomical region, increasing from the upper arm to neck and, possibly, to the face. The study design, beginning on the upper arm and moving on to the neck and face seems to be relevant for the study of reactions to cosmetic products. A clear dose-response relationship was seen regarding preservative concentration in the product.
Classification using intersection kernel support vector machines is efficient (2008)

Straightforward classification using kernelized SVMs requires evaluating the kernel for a test vector and each of the support vectors. For a class of kernels we show that one can do this much more efficiently. In particular we show that one can build histogram intersection kernel SVMs (IKSVMs) with runtime complexity of the classifier logarithmic in the number of support vectors as opposed to linear for the standard approach. We further show that by precomputing auxiliary tables we can construct an approximate classifier with constant runtime and space requirements, independent of the number of support vectors, with negligible loss in classification accuracy on various tasks. This approximation also applies to 1 - chi <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and other kernels of similar form. We also introduce novel features based on a multi-level histograms of oriented edge energy and present experiments on various detection datasets. On the INRIA pedestrian dataset an approximate IKSVM classifier based on these features has the current best performance, with a miss rate 13% lower at 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-6</sup> False Positive Per Window than the linear SVM detector of Dalal & Triggs. On the Daimler Chrysler pedestrian dataset IKSVM gives comparable accuracy to the best results (based on quadratic SVM), while being 15times faster. In these experiments our approximate IKSVM is up to 2000times faster than a standard implementation and requires 200times less memory. Finally we show that a 50times speedup is possible using approximate IKSVM based on spatial pyramid features on the Caltech 101 dataset with negligible loss of accuracy.
Millimeter Wave Multi-User Performance Evaluation Based on Measured Channels With Virtual Antenna Array Channel Sounder (2018)

Virtual antenna arrays are versatile and cost-effective tools for millimeter-wave channel characterization. Massive sampling of the channel in space with virtual antenna arrays enables high spatial resolution in channel sounding. In this paper, a uniform cubic array is used with a vector network analyzer to characterize an indoor propagation channel. The power angle delay profile under line-of-sight (LOS) and obstructed-LOS (OLOS) scenarios is then extracted from the measurement data. The analysis is extended to a multi-user scenario using a virtual uniform rectangular array, which acts as the base station and with users under LOS and OLOS conditions. Results show interference suppression with zero-forcing beamforming that performs well even in critical multi-user scenarios based on the measured channels, i.e., a scenario with closely spaced users in LOS conditions and a scenario with a strong interfering user and a weak desired user.
Complementary aspects of topological maps and time delay neural networks for character recognition (2003)

A study comparing a back propagation-like network integrating feature selection notions introduced in neocognitron networks with a supervised learning algorithm, based on Kohonen's self-organizing feature maps, is presented. The two methods are applied to handwritten zipcode recognition. The results achieved by the networks are reported using common training and test sets. The complementary aspects of these networks and possible cooperative schemes are discussed. It is shown that the performance obtained, even with a very simple cooperation scheme, significantly exceeds those of the networks working separately.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Supplemental feeding of phospholipid-enriched alkyl phospholipid from krill relieves spontaneous atopic dermatitis and strengthens skin intercellular lipid barriers in NC/Nga mice (2018)

Plasmalogen (Pls) is a glycerophospholipid derived from alkyl phospholipid (Alk) with antioxidant functions in vivo. The present study investigated the effects of ether phospholipids, such as Pls and Alk, on intercellular lipid barriers in the skin of NC/Nga mice, a model of atopic dermatitis (AD). NC/Nga mice fed Alk showed increased plasma levels of Alk and Pls. The AD-related changes in ceramide composition in the skin were abrogated by oral administration of Alk. Moreover, Alk suppressed skin inflammation in AD mice. These results indicate that Alk partially fortifies the stratum corneum lipid barrier and may be an effective treatment for AD. Abbreviations: Pls: plasmalogen; PlsCho: choline plasmalogen; PlsEtn: ethanolamine plasmalogen; Alk: alkyl phospholipid; TJ: tight junction; FA: fatty acid; AD: atopic dermatitis; SO: soybean oil; FO: fish oil; DHA: docosahexaenoic acid; EPA: eicosapentaenoic acid; TG: triglyceride; PL: phospholipid; RF: retention factor; AlkCho: choline-type alkyl phospholipid; AlkEtn: ethanolamine-type alkyl phospholipid; LC-MS/MS: liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry; FAR1: fatty acyl-coenzyme (Co)A reductase 1.
Neutrophil chemotactic behaviour in patients with early‐onset forms of periodontitis (1989)

Despite some reports to the contrary, it is generally assumed that early-onset forms of periodontal disease (including both juvenile and rapidly progressive periodontitis) are associated with a defect in neutrophil (PMN) chemotactic behaviour. Using the Boyden chamber technique and N-formyl-methionyl-leucylphenylalanine (FMLP) to assess locomotion by the leading front method, we have failed to show any evidence for such depressed PMN locomotion. Indeed, when PMN chemotaxis and chemokinesis are considered in response to a range of chemoattractant doses our results indicate significant enhancement of all but random locomotion. When taken together with other studies, our results suggest that PMNs from patients with early-onset periodontitis may show abnormal locomotory behaviour which can either be enhanced or reduced in nature. The extent to which these results reflect in vitro methodology in uncertain and, furthermore, their in vivo significance is unclear.
Sharp-Line Fluorescence, Electron Paramagnetic Resonance, and Thermoluminescence of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Mn</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>α</mml:mi></mml:math>-<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Al</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (1962)

Sharp-line fluorescence, paramagnetic resonance in the ground state, and optical absorption due to ${\mathrm{Mn}}^{4+}$ in $\ensuremath{\alpha}$-${\mathrm{Al}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ have been observed (analog of ${\mathrm{Cr}}^{3+}$). The ${\mathrm{Mn}}^{4+}$ valence state is obtained by charge compensation with ${\mathrm{Mg}}^{2+}$. The increased charge of ${\mathrm{Mn}}^{4+}$ compared to ${\mathrm{Cr}}^{3+}$ results in a stronger crystal field and greater covalency whose effects are clearly seen in both the optical and paramagnetic resonance results. The ground state splitting is 0.39 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, almost the same as in ruby, while the metastable $^{2}E$ state splitting is 80 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. When the crystals are irradiated with ultraviolet (3000 \AA{}), more than 50% of the ground state of ${\mathrm{Mn}}^{4+}$ is depopulated, as long-lived traps are filled which decay via the $^{2}E$ states through sharp-line thermoluminescence. The possible application to light masers is briefly discussed.
Sites of methylation of purified transfer ribonucleic acid preparations by enzymes from normal tissues and from tumours induced by dimethylnitrosamine and 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (1974)

1. The sites within the tRNA sequence of nucleosides methylated by the action of enzymes from mouse colon, rat kidney and tumours of these tissues acting on tRNA(Asp) from yeast and on tRNA(Glu) (2), tRNA(fMet) and tRNA(Val) (1) from Escherichia coli were determined. 2. The same sites in a particular tRNA were methylated by all of these extracts. Thus tRNA(Glu) (2) was methylated at the cytidine residue at position 48 and the adenosine residue at position 58 from the 5'-end of the molecule; tRNA(Asp) was methylated at the guanosine residue at position 26 from the 5'-end of the molecule; tRNA(fMet) was methylated at the guanosine residues 9 and 27, the cytidine residue 49 and the adenosine residue 59 from the 5'-end; tRNA(Val) (1) was methylated at the guanosine residue 10, the cytidine residue 48 and the adenosine residue 58 from the 5'-end. 3. All of these sites within the clover leaf structure of the tRNA sequence are occupied by a methylated nucleoside in some tRNA species of known sequence. It is concluded that methylation of tRNA from micro-organisms by enzymes from mammalian tissues in vitro probably does accurately represent the specificity of these enzymes in vivo. However, there was no evidence that the tumour extracts, which had considerably greater tRNA methylase activity than the normal tissues, had methylases with altered specificity capable of methylating sites not methylated in the normal tissues.
Acrosome reaction induced by immunoaggregation of a proteinase inhibitor bound to the murine sperm head (1991)

ZP3, a glycoprotein of the murine zona pellucida, functions both to bind acrosome intact sperm and to induce the acrosome reaction. Solubilized whole zonae as well as purified ZP3 are able to induce acrosome reactions in capacitated sperm. Pronase digests of whole zonae yield glycopeptides that bind to sperm but are unable to induce acrosome reactions. However, immunoaggregation of these glycopeptides results in the exocytosis of the acrosome in the majority of treated sperm. The data suggest that ZP3 triggers the acrosome reaction by the aggregation of ZP3 binding sites on the sperm head. If aggregation of ZP3 binding sites is important in the induction of the acrosome reaction, then it may be possible to induce the acrosome reaction in the absence of zona by immunoaggregation of the sites. This presentation deals with the immunoaggregation of a proteinase inhibitor of seminal vesicle origin (SVI) that binds to a site on the sperm head known to participate in zona binding. We show that capacitated murine sperm, pretreated with the SVI, will acrosome react, as determined by Coomassie brilliant blue staining, when incubated with rabbit antiinhibitor antiserum (anti-SVI). The percentage of SVI-treated sperm displaying an acrosome reaction is dependent on the concentration of the immune serum. Sperm stain positive for intact acrosomes when anti-SVI Fab fragments or normal rabbit serum is substituted for the immune serum. However, when capacitated sperm, treated with both SVI and anti-SVI Fab fragments, are incubated with goat antirabbit IgG, the majority of sperm acrosome react. The data suggest that the aggregation of SVI bound to the sperm surface, in the absence of zona glycoproteins, is sufficient to induce the acrosome reaction.
Enhanced osteogenic activity of a poly(butylene succinate)/calcium phosphate composite by simple alkaline hydrolysis (2013)

Bone engineering offers the prospect of alternative therapies for clinically relevant skeletal defects. Poly(butylene succinate) (PBSu) is a biodegradable and biocompatible polyester which may possess some limitations in clinical use due to its hydrophobicity. In order to overcome these limitations and increase the bioactivity, a simple and convenient surface hydrolysis of PBSu, PBSu/hydroxyapatite and PBSu/β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) films was performed. The resulting surfaces (i.e., HPBSu, HPBSu/HA and HPBSu/TCP) were tested for their physicochemical property, biocompatibility and osteogenic potency. The results showed that surface hydrolysis significantly increased surface roughness and hydrophilicity of the composites, with the HPBSu/TCP possessing the most pronounced results. All the materials appeared to be biocompatible and supported in vitro growth and osteoblast differentiation of hMSCs, and the alkaline hydrolysis significantly enhanced the hMSC cell proliferation and the osteogenic potency of PBSu/TCP compared with the non-hydrolyzed sample. In conclusion, the HPBSu/TCP possessed better hydrophilicity, biocompatibility and osteogenic potency in vitro, suggesting that this simple and convenient alkaline hydrolysis could be used to augment the biological property of PBSu-based composites for bone engineering in vivo.
Sequence variation in putative functional domains of the circumsporozoite protein of Plasmodium falciparum. Implications for vaccine development. (1987)

Sequences of the circumsporozoite protein gene from five isolates of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum are compared, and the extent of sequence variability within putative functional domains is assessed in terms relating to vaccine efficacy. Nucleotide substitutions were observed outside of the immunodominant domain. Of the substitutions observed outside of the repeat domain, none were silent. The substitutions correlated with biologically functional regions, such as a helper T cell epitope (Th2R) and a region (N1) which may be important in liver invasion. Contrary to previous impressions, the small numbers of amino acid changes in these areas of the protein seem potentially very significant. The immunodominant repeat region displays several characteristics that implicate a rapid evolutionary mechanism, most probably involving recombination. The data supporting this are 1) variable numbers of repeats, 2) a shifting pattern of substitutions among the isolates, and 3) codon bias. The region thus has the potential for very rapid change should an effective anti-repeat vaccine come into use. We conclude that strain variability is significant, that the potential for large scale variation in the repeats is great, and that regions that may be critical for an effective vaccine are polymorphic. Their potential impact on malaria vaccine development must be addressed.
Stable carbocations. CLXII. 1,4-Bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl dication, a novel pseudoaromatic system (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStable carbocations. CLXII. 1,4-Bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl dication, a novel pseudoaromatic systemG. A. Olah, G. Liang, P. V. R. Schleyer, E. M. Engler, M. J. S. Dewar, and R. C. BinghamCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95, 20, 6829–6831Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00801a051https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00801a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views155Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts