gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Capacity management through Lagrangean relaxation: an application to tyres production (1996)

Abstract A new integrated approach to capacity management in complex manufacturing systems is developed and the resulting framework is applied to a case study in tyre production. A hierarchical multilayered decomposition of the planning process is proposed, in which lower layers provide an increased level of detail and accuracy in capacity representation and analysis. Thus, a large and comprehensive model describing the manufacturing system is subdivided into smaller sub-models via relaxation and decomposition techniques. The Lagrangean multipliers provide a bi-directional link among different layers, reducing the risk of sub-optimization and infeasibility of the aggregate plans. Each of the sub-models is easier to solve than the original one and involves a different set of decision variables. Moreover, they relate to different levels of the management hierarchy, so that there emerges a strict correspondence between the decomposition scheme and the decision process underlying capacity management.
Commercial Data Mining: Processing, Analysis and Modeling for Predictive Analytics Projects (2014)

This guide illustrates cost-benefit evaluation of potential data mining projects and includes vendor-agnostic advice on what to look for in off-the-shelf solutions, as well as tips on building your own data mining tools. It also includes practical examples and case studies as well as actionable business insights from author's own experience.
Treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis in children and adolescents. (2003)

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) may be defined as a metabolic derangement characterized by hyperglycemia, acidosis and ketonuria. It is a crucial pediatric medical emergency. DKA may occur in children with diabetes at onset due to severe insulin deficiency, in established patients from failing to take insulin, acute stress, and poor sick-day management. The treatment of DKA has undergone a radical transformation over recent years. Among the major innovations the early adjustment of the hydroelectrolyte imbalance and the continuous i.v. infusion of microdoses of insulin are the most interesting. Despite appropriate use of insulin and fluids, and continuous clinical observation, the mortality rate has not improved, and has remained the same as that reported in the 1970s. DKA can be prevented by shortening the period of carbohydrate intolerance that usually precedes the diagnosis of Type 1 diabetes. Its prevention decreases morbidity and mortality and allows to save on the hospital costs. The aim of this paper is to review the main aspects of the treatment and prevention of DKA.
Recent Advances in Nanoparticle Preparation by Spray and Microemulsion Methods (2009)

Micro- and nano-sized metal, semiconductor, pharmaceutical, and simple or complex ceramic particles have numerous applications in the development of sensors, thermal barrier coatings, catalysts, pigments, drugs, etc. The challenges include controlling the particle size, size distribution, particle crystallinity, morphology and shape, being able to use the nanoparticles for a given purpose, and to produce them from a variety of precursors. There are several methods to produce nanoparticles, each suitable for a range of applications. In this article, two methods that are receiving increasing attention are considered: spray and microemulsion methods. Spray techniques are single-step methods of producing a broad spectrum of simple to multicomponent functional micro and nanoparticles and quantum dots. Microemulsion is a wet chemistry method. A micro-emulsion system consists of aqueous domains, called reverse micelles, dispersed in a continuous oil phase. In this article, the above mentioned methods of nanoparticle production are introduced and recent advances, research directions and challenges, and the pertinent patents are reviewed and discussed.
Use of flow cytometry and SNARF to calibrate and measure intracellular pH in NS0 cells (2005)

Our data indicates that the choice of calibration solution can affect the reported pHi value; therefore, careful choice of solution is important.
Measuring the Cost of Neonatal and Perinatal Care (1999)

This article provides an overview of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) treatment costs. It discusses data sources as well as the methods for measuring costs, contrasting the strengths and weaknesses of alternate approaches. In addition, detailed information on NICU treatment costs is presented from a nationally representative sample of 25 hospitals with NICUs. The sample consists of 3288 very low birth weight infants (</=1500 g at birth) with admission dates between January 1, 1993, and September 30, 1994. Information on median treatment cost per infant, ancillary costs, accommodation costs, length of stay, and cost per day are presented. In addition, ancillary costs are disaggregated further into those for respiratory therapy, laboratory, radiology, pharmacy, and all other ancillary services.
An isogeometric analysis approach to gradient damage models (2011)

Abstract Continuum damage formulations are commonly used for the simulation of diffuse fracture processes. Implicit gradient damage models are employed to avoid the spurious mesh dependencies associated with local continuum damage models. The C 0 ‐continuity of traditional finite elements has hindered the study of higher order gradient damage approximations. In this contribution we use isogeometric finite elements, which allow for the construction of higher order continuous basis functions on complex domains. We study the suitability of isogeometric finite elements for the discretization of higher order gradient damage approximations. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Executing secured virtual machines within a manycore architecture (2015)

Manycore processors are a way to face the always growing demand in digital data processing. However, by putting closer distinct and possibly private data, they open up to security breaches. This article presents undergoing work aiming at providing security guaranties to different users utilizing different cores in a manycore architecture. The proposed solution is using physical isolation and a hypervisor with minimum rights, although the work described in the paper focuses only on hardware mechanisms. We present a hardware module providing an address translation service allowing to fully virtualize operating systems, while offering advantages compared to a classical memory management unit within our context. Experiments made on a virtual prototype shows that our solution has a low time overhead - typically 3% on average.
Long-lived and Well-resolved Mn2+ Ion Emissions in CuInS-ZnS Quantum Dots (2014)

CuInS2 (CIS) quantum dots (QDs) have tunable photoluminescence (PL) behaviors in the visible and near infrared spectral range with markedly lower toxicity than the cadmium-based counterparts, making them very promising applications in light emitting and solar harvesting. However, there still remain material- and fabrication- related obstacles in realizing the high-performance CIS-based QDs with well-resolved Mn(2+) d-d emission, long emission lifetimes as well as high efficiencies. Here, we demonstrate the growth of high-quality Mn(2+)-doped CuInS-ZnS (CIS-ZnS) QDs based on a multi-step hot-injection strategy. The resultant QDs exhibit a well-resolved Mn(2+) d-d emission with a high PL quantum yield (QY) up to 66% and an extremely long excited state lifetime up to ~3.78 ms, which is nearly two times longer than the longest one of "green" QDs ever reported. It is promising that the synthesized Mn(2+)-doped CIS-ZnS QDs might open new doors for their practical applications in bioimaging and opto/electronic devices.
Vision 2000 business capability for extraordinary customer care (2002)

The last two decades has seen tremendous change in the telephony market. The 80's heralded long distance competition, the 90's heralded wireless technology and the year 2000 will herald multimedia communications. It is this new world of voice, data and image that will cause the greatest changes in our industry. Now that global communications will be deregulated, the era of the communications merchandiser has arrived. The shift from single dimension pricing to comprehensive value propositions requires that the business platform is able to order and price the full range of network access, products and services and also manage the delivery and performance of those products. Service guarantees are leading to compensation awards for failures to deliver. In order to perform these functions in an efficient accurate manner, the business platform must be the driver in service definition, service order creation, trouble identification and value proposition pricing.
Explanations of recommendations (2007)

This thesis focuses on explanations of recommendations. Explanations can have many advantages, from inspiring user trust to helping users make good decisions. We have identified seven different aims of explanations, and in this thesis we will consider how explanations can be optimized for some of these aims. We will consider both an explanation's content and its presentation. As a domain, we are currently investigating explanations for a movie recommender, and developing a prototype system. This paper summarizes the goals of the thesis, the methodology we are using, the work done so far and our intended future work.
A double-blind, placebo controlled trial of high-dose lecithin in Alzheimer's disease. (1985)

The first long-term double-blind placebo controlled trial of high dose lecithin in senile dementia of the Alzheimer type is reported. Fifty one subjects were given 20-25 g/day of purified soya lecithin (containing 90% phosphatidyl plus lysophosphatidyl choline) for six months and followed up for at least a further six months. Plasma choline levels were monitored throughout the treatment period. There were no differences between the placebo group and the lecithin group but there was an improvement in a subgroup of relatively poor compliers. These were older and had intermediate levels of plasma choline. It is suggested that the effects of lecithin are complex but that there may be a "therapeutic window" for the effects of lecithin in the condition and that this may be more evident in older patients.
Defining the Role of Central Complexes in Activity and Regulation of Glutamate Dehydrogenase (2007)

Glutamate Dehydrogenase catalyzes the reversible oxidatitive deamination of glutamate and, with lower efficiency, mono‐carboxylic amino acids including norvaline. To investigate the roles that central complexes and abortive complexes play in the overall reaction a combination of stopped flow kinetic studies and binding studies have been employed to allow characterization of the steps on the pathway. Using fluorescence and multiple emission wavelengths to build up emission spectra with excitation at 340nm, the flow of the reaction through the various potential NAD(P)H containing complexes is followed. With norvaline as substrate the rate limiting step is formation of the Enzyme‐NADH‐Products complex and no other complexes are detected. With glutamate there is a clear pre‐steady state burst indicating that either rearrangements of various product complexes or release of reduced cofactor from one or more of the potential NAD(P)H containing complexes is rate limiting. Analysis of the pre‐steady state phase indicates that in most cases the kinetics are best described using a double exponential fit indicating the complex nature of the steps involved in this highly regulated enzyme. Isotope effect experiments using deuterated glutamate indicate that there is a steady state isotope effect but no isotope effect on the rate constant for the pre‐expoential phase of the reaction. This suggests that the overall rate limiting step in the hydride transer phase of the reaction is conformational rather than chemical and that the observed isotope effect on the steady state rate is due to an isotope effect on the equilibrium position of the central complexes of the reaction. This work is supported by NSF Grant MCB 0448905 to EB.
Analogues of adenosine 5'-diphosphate-new platelet aggregators. Influence of purine ring and and phosphate chain substitutions on the platelet-aggregating potency of adenosine 5'-diphosphate. (1972)

A number of previously unreported analogues of adenosine 59-diphosphate have been synthesized in order to evaluate their effects as aggregators of mammalian blood platelets. These compounds include 2-methoxyadenosine 59-diphosphate, 2-methylthioadenosine 59-diphosphate, and 2-ethylaminoadenosine 59-diphosphate, which are shown to be more powerful aggregating agents than ADP, 2-chloro-N6-methyladenosine 59-diphosphate (which is less potent than the unsubstituted nucleotide), and 2-chloroadenosine 59-methylenediphosphonate (which is inactive). The 2-methylthio analogue proved to be exceptionally active and aggregated sheep platelets at concentrations 30 times less than equieffective concentrations of ADP. Evidence is presented that all these substances act at the same receptor site. On the basis of calculated analogue-receptor affinity constants and the observed lack of activity of the two analogues of ADP in which the anhydride oxygen is replaced by a methylene group, namely, adenosine 59-methylenediphosphonate and 2-chloroadenosine 59-methylenediphosphonate, some speculations concerning the requirements of the platelet ADP receptor have been made.
A COMPARISON OF TWO SETS OF MICROARRAY EXPERIMENTS TO DEFINE ALLERGIC ASTHMA EXPRESSION PATTERN (2009)

Allergic asthma is a complex trait. Several approaches have been used to identify biomarkers involved in this disease. This study aimed at demonstrating the relevance and validity of microarrays in the definition of allergic asthma expression pattern. The authors compared the transcript expressions of bronchial biopsy of 2 different microarray experiments done 2 years apart, both including nonallergic healthy and allergic asthmatic subjects (n = 4 in each experiment). U95Av2 and U133A GeneChips detected respectively 89 and 40 differentially expressed genes. Fifty-five percent of the U133A genes were previously identified with the U95Av2 arrays. The immune signaling molecules and the proteolytic enzymes were the most preserved categories between the 2 experiments, because 3/4 of the genes identified by the U133A were also significant in the U95Av2 study for both categories. These results demonstrate the relevance of microarray experiments using bronchial tissues in allergic asthma. The comparison of these GeneChip studies suggests that earlier microarray results are as relevant as actual ones to target new genes of interest, particularly in function categories linked to the studied disease. Moreover, it demonstrates that microarrays are a valuable technology to target novel allergic asthma pathways as well as biomarkers.
Reaction of <i>N</i>‐hydroxymethylsaccharin with aliphatic carboxylic acid derivatives: Synthesis of <i>N</i>‐acylsaccharins and <i>N</i>‐(saccharinylmethyl) aliphatic carboxylates (1989)

Abstract N ‐Acylsaccharins and N ‐(saccharinylmethyl)aliphatic carboxylates were synthesized from N ‐hydroxymeth‐ylsaccarin and aliphatic carboxylic acid chlorides (or anhydrides).
ChemInform Abstract: HYDRATION AND HYDROLYSIS OF METHYL PYRUVATE. A BIFUNCTIONAL PROBE OF CHEMICAL AND ENZYMIC CATALYSIS (1982)

Abstract Sowohl Hydratisierung der Keto‐ als auch Hydrolyse der Carboxylatgruppe in der Titelverbindung werden in Abhängigkeit vom pH‐Wert durch Carbonat‐Hydrolyase katalysiert.
Novel 3D Hilbert microstrip resonators (2005)

Abstract Recently, planar microstrip resonators employing 2D Hilbert curves were introduced, outperforming existing solutions. However, very little attention has been paid to multilayer resonators with embedded 3D curves. In this paper, four novel 3D resonators are compared using full‐wave EM simulations. It is shown that the 3D Hilbert resonator outperforms all others, achieving very high values of the unloaded quality factor. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 46: 195–197, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20943
Pressure Gauge Handbook (1986)

layout practice achieves a balance between the requirements for safety, economics, the protection of the public and the environment, construction, maintenance, operation, space for future expansion and process needs.
Compressed Sensing Recovery via Collaborative Sparsity (2012)

Compressed Sensing (CS) has drawn quite an amount of attention as a joint sampling and compression approach. Its theory shows that a signal can be decoded from many fewer measurements than suggested by the Nyquist sampling theory, when the signal is sparse in some domain. So one of the most significant challenges in CS is to seek a domain where a signal can exhibit a high degree of sparsity and hence be recovered faithfully. Most of conventional CS recovery approaches, however, exploited a set of fixed bases (e.g. DCT, wavelet and gradient domain) for the entirety of a signal, which are irrespective of the nonstationarity of natural signals and cannot achieve high enough degree of sparsity, thus resulting in poor rate-distortion performance. In this paper, we propose a new framework for compressed sensing recovery via collaborative sparsity (RCoS), which enforces local two-dimensional sparsity and nonlocal three-dimensional sparsity simultaneously in an adaptive hybrid space-transform domain, thus substantially utilizing intrinsic sparsities of natural images and greatly confining the CS solution space. In addition, an efficient augmented Lagrangian based technique is developed to solve the above optimization problem. Experimental results on a wide range of natural images are presented to demonstrate the efficacy of the new CS recovery strategy.
Counting and tracking people in a smart room: An IoT approach (2015)

In this paper we present an approach for counting and tracking people participating in a meeting that takes place in a smart room. The sensing and processing modules are incorporated within the context of an IoT framework, that follows a message oriented architecture. The proposed algorithm consists of a motion detection module, a background subtraction module, a people counting module and a tracking module, while its output is primarily used as input to a decision making module that controls the room's environment. We show that we may achieve satisfactory results, using simple low resolution cameras. We evaluate our method using a publicly available, real world data set. Experimental results on real life meetings indicate the effectiveness of our approach.
Calculating medication compliance, adherence and persistence in administrative pharmacy claims databases (2008)

AbstractAbstractCompliance, adherence, and persistence are outcomes easily measured in pharmacy claims databases. However, these measures are used with differing taxonomies and the calculations are heterogeneous. The results can then lead to spurious interpretations. Therefore, the research community would benefit from a common set of definitions and methods to calculate compliance and persistence. This paper briefly explains the definitions of compliance and persistence based on the guidance from the Medication Compliance and Persistence Special Interest Group of ISPOR, the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research, and provides analytic methods that are congruent with the preferred terminology.Keywords: ADMINISTRATIVE PHARMACY CLAIMSADHERENCECOMPLIANCEPERSISTENCE
Neurovirulent Murine Coronavirus JHM.SD Uses Cellular Zinc Metalloproteases for Virus Entry and Cell-Cell Fusion (2017)

The coronavirus (CoV) S protein requires cleavage by host cell proteases to mediate virus-cell and cell-cell fusion. Many strains of the murine coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) have distinct, S-dependent organ and tissue tropisms despite using a common receptor, suggesting that they employ different cellular proteases for fusion. In support of this hypothesis, we found that inhibition of endosomal acidification only modestly decreased entry, and overexpression of the cell surface protease TMPRSS2 greatly enhanced entry, of the highly neurovirulent MHV strain JHM.SD relative to their effects on the reference strain, A59. However, TMPRSS2 overexpression decreased MHV structural protein expression, release of infectious particles, and syncytium formation, and endogenous serine protease activity did not contribute greatly to infection. We therefore investigated the importance of other classes of cellular proteases and found that inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)- and a disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM)-family zinc metalloproteases markedly decreased both entry and cell-cell fusion. Suppression of virus by metalloprotease inhibition varied among tested cell lines and MHV S proteins, suggesting a role for metalloprotease use in strain-dependent tropism. We conclude that zinc metalloproteases must be considered potential contributors to coronavirus fusion.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> The family <i>Coronaviridae</i> includes viruses that cause two emerging diseases of humans, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), as well as a number of important animal pathogens. Because coronaviruses depend on host protease-mediated cleavage of their S proteins for entry, a number of protease inhibitors have been proposed as antiviral agents. However, it is unclear which proteases mediate <i>in vivo</i> infection. For example, SARS-CoV infection of cultured cells depends on endosomal acid pH-dependent proteases rather than on the cell surface acid pH-independent serine protease TMPRSS2, but Zhou et al. (Antiviral Res 116:76-84, 2015, doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2015.01.011) found that a serine protease inhibitor was more protective than a cathepsin inhibitor in SARS-CoV-infected mice. This paper explores the contributions of endosomal acidification and various proteases to coronavirus infection and identifies an unexpected class of proteases, the matrix metalloproteinase and ADAM families, as potential targets for anticoronavirus therapy.
Chronic ventricular ectopic activity and sudden death. (1978)

The majority of deaths from coronary heart disease (CHD) occur before the victims receive medical attention. Chronic ventricular ectopic activity (VEA) is a well-established predictor of coronary mortality as well as sudden death. Evidence that chronic VEA is independently and causally related to sudden death, however, remains equivocal. Only more advanced grades of chronic VEA appear to be significant. Arrhythmias are clearly more common in patients with advanced coronary obstruction, and therefore prone to new ischemic events and their associated electrical disturbances. Autopsy studies are limited in their ability to identify an acute myocardial infarction in patients who die suddenly, but experience with the mobile coronary care units has reemphasized the role of acute ischemia. The prospective, randomized trial, including reliable assessment of VEA, offers the only definitive means of identifying the contribution of chronic VEA to the incidence of sudden death from CHD.
서안지역(西安地域)에서 발견(發見)된 석탑(石塔) 및 탑형(塔型) 사리용기(舍利容器)에 대한 소고(小考) (2015)

본고에서는 서안 지역에서 발견된 석조 불탑 및 석조 사리용기에 대해 살펴보고자 한다. 먼저 서안지역에서 발견된 석조 불탑은 북위 평성지역의 영향을 받았으며, 특히 운강석굴에 조각된 석조 불탑의 영향을 받은 것으로 판단된다. 또한 서안지역에서 지금까지 발견된 소형 석조 불탑은 사람들이 예배를 하는 신앙의 대상이 되기도 하지만, 남북조에서 수·당대까지는 사원의 장식품으로도 쓰였다는 것을 알 수 있다. 끝으로 서안지역 석조 탑형 사리용기를 당대 석조 장엄구 피장자의 신분과 비교하여 검토해 본 결과, 이러한 사리용기가 등급과 지위를 상징했던 것으로 이해된다.