gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mass spectrometry in structural and stereochemical problems—CXCVIII: A study of the fragmentation processes of some α,β-unsaturated aliphatic ketones (1970)

In contrast to the numerous studies of the mass spectrometric fragmentation behavior of saturated aliphatic ketones, that of unsaturated ketones has received only scant attention. The present article is concerned with high resolution measurements and deuterium labeling studies of 17 α, β-unsaturated ketones in order to define their fragmentation modes after electron-impact. Several hitherto undescribed cleavage processes were thus uncovered. For instance α, β-unsaturated methyl ketones (type A) eliminate acetone from their molecular ions through a double hydrogen transfer process. Such a reaction is suppressed in the presence of an α-alkyl group (type B) where it is superseded by the loss of this alkyl substituent through an a prioriunfavorable rupture of a vinylic bond. In those α,β-unsaturated ketones (type C) which can undergo the McLafferty rearrangement, evidence is presented for the occurrence of subsequent methyl loss—a process which seems to be associated with the presence of the conjugated double bond. Whether this is due to prior ketonization of the enol, contrary to the behavior of saturated alicyclic ketones, remains to be determined.
Endoscopic therapy of sclerosing cholangitis. (1995)

The efficacy of endoscopic treatment in primary sclerosing cholangitis has not been clearly established. This report presents endoscopic intervention in 53 consecutive patients with this disorder. Pertinent data were abstracted from the GI-TRAC database, medical records, and cholangiograms, and clinical follow-up was obtained by telephone interview of the subjects. Assessed treatment outcomes were clinical symptom, liver function test, and cholangiographic appearance. Between 1986 and 1993, 85 patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis underwent successful ERCP, of which 36 men and 17 women underwent 100 therapeutic endoscopic procedures. Forty-three of 50 dilations, 37 of 38 stentings, 8 of 8 nasobiliary tube placements, and 11 of 17 stone extractions were technically successful. These treatments were complicated by cholangitis or pancreatitis in 15 patients. Clinical follow-up was obtained in 50 of 53 patients who had undergone 85 procedures (median follow-up of 31 months): 28 patients felt better, 21 felt the same, and 1 felt worse. Liver function tests obtained within 3 months of the endoscopic treatment were significantly improved compared with pretreatment values (P < .001). Cholangiograms showed improvement in 36% of the patients, no change in 51%, and the effect of therapy could not be assessed in 13%. Overall, 41 of 53 patients (77%) had improvements of their clinical symptoms, liver function tests, or cholangiograms.
Profile of strong magnetic field By component in magnetotail current sheets (2012)

The strong magnetic field B-y component (in GSM coordinates) has been increasingly noticed to play an important role in the dynamics of tail current sheet (CS). The distribution profile of strong B-y components in the tail CS (i.e., those with guide field), however, is not well known. In the present work, by using the simultaneous multipoint observations of Cluster satellites, the profile of a strong B-y component in tail current sheets is explored, through detailed case studies, as well as in a statistical study. It is discovered that around the midnight meridian, the strength of the strong B-y component, i.e., |B-y|, is basically enhanced at the center of the CS relative to that in the CS boundaries and lobes and forms a north-south symmetric distribution about the center of CS. Generally, however, for strong guide field cases in the non-midnight meridian, the profile of B-y strength basically becomes north-south asymmetric, the strength of the B-y component in the northern side of the CS is found to be either stronger or weaker than that in the counterpart southern side. By considering the modulation of the tail flaring magnetic field with magnetic local time, we propose an interpretation to account for the variation of the B-y-profile, which is supported by the statistical survey. These results offer an observation basis for further studies.
Self-compacting concrete incorporating high volumes of class F fly ash (2001)

In recent years, self-compacting concrete (SCC) has gained wide use for placement in congested reinforced concrete structures with difficult casting conditions. For such applications, the fresh concrete must possess high fluidity and good cohesiveness. The use of fine materials such as fly ash can ensure the required concrete properties. The initial results of an experimental program aimed at producing and evaluating SCC made with high volumes of fly ash are presented and discussed. Nine SCC mixtures and one control concrete were investigated in this study. The content of the cementitious materials was maintained constant (400 kg/m3), while the water/cementitious material ratios ranged from 0.35 to 0.45. The self-compacting mixtures had a cement replacement of 40%, 50%, and 60% by Class F fly ash. Tests were carried out on all mixtures to obtain the properties of fresh concrete in terms of viscosity and stability. The mechanical properties of hardened concretes such as compressive strength and drying shrinkage were also determined. The SCCs developed 28-day compressive strengths ranging from 26 to 48 MPa. The results show that an economical SCC could be successfully developed by incorporating high volumes of Class F fly ash.
Structural rationale for the modulation of abscess formation by<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>capsular polysaccharides (2001)

Staphylococcus aureus is a medically important bacterial pathogen that is a common cause of superficial and deep-seated abscesses in humans. Most S. aureus isolates produce either a serotype 5 or 8 capsular polysaccharide (CP) that has been shown to enhance bacterial virulence. We investigated the role of S. aureus CPs in modulating abscess formation in an experimental animal model of intraabdominal infection. Structural studies of CP8 revealed that it has a zwitterionic charge motif conferred by the negatively charged carboxyl group of N-acetylmannosaminuronic acid and free amino groups available on partially N-acetylated fucosamine residues. We report that purified CP5 and CP8 facilitated intraabdominal abscess formation in animals when given i.p. with a sterile cecal contents adjuvant. Chemical modifications that neutralized the positively or negatively charged groups on CP8 abrogated its ability to provoke abscesses. Rats prophylactically treated with CP8 s.c. were protected against abscess formation induced by homologous or heterologous zwitterionic polysaccharides. Likewise, treatment with CP8 protected against challenge with viable S. aureus strains PS80 (a capsule type 8 strain) or COL (a methicillin-resistant capsule type 5 strain). Purified CP8 was a potent activator of rat and human CD4(+) T cells in vitro. When transferred to naive rats, these activated T cells modulated the development of intraabdominal abscess formation. These results provide a structure/function rationale for abscess formation by S. aureus and expand the sphere of encapsulated organisms that interact directly with T cells to regulate this host response to bacterial infection.
Hybrid systems in process control (1996)

Modeling and control of hybrid systems, with particular emphasis on process control applications, are considered in this article. Based on a number of observations on typical mixed discrete and continuous features for such applications, a fairly general model structure for hybrid systems is proposed. This model structure, which clearly separates the open-loop plant from the closed-loop system, is suitable for analysis and synthesis of hybrid control systems. To illustrate this, three different approaches for control-law synthesis based on continuous and discrete specifications are discussed. In the first one, the hybrid plant model is replaced by a purely discrete event model, related to the continuous specification, and a supervisor is synthesized applying supervisory control theory suggested by Ramadge and Wonham (1987). The other two methods directly utilize the continuous specification for determination of a control event generator, where time-optimal aspects are introduced as an option in the last approach.
Hybrid type anterior fibre-reinforced composite resin prosthesis: a case report. (2008)

A variety of therapeutic modalities, from implant to conventional Maryland prosthesis, can be used for the replacement of a missing anterior tooth. In patients refusing implant treatment, when minimal teeth reduction is preferred, a fibre reinforced composite (FRC) prosthesis can be a good alternative to conventional prosthetic techniques. The purpose of this case report is to describe the clinical procedure for fabricating hybrid type FRC prosthesis with pre-impregnated unidirectional E-glass fibres. Fibre-reinforced composite, in combination with adhesive technology, appears promising treatment option for replacing missing teeth. However, further clinical investigation will be required to provide additional information on this technique.
High-speed absolute three-dimensional shape measurement using three binary dithered patterns (2014)

This paper describes a method to reconstruct high-speed absolute three-dimensional (3D) geometry using only three encoded 1-bit binary dithered patterns. Because of the use of 1-bit binary patterns, high-speed 3D shape measurement could also be achieved. By matching the right camera image pixel to the left camera pixel in the object space rather than image space, robust correspondence can be established. Experiments demonstrate the robustness of the proposed algorithm and the potential to achieve high-speed 3D shape measurements.
The three‐dimensional solution structure of Aesculus hippocastanum antimicrobial protein 1 determined by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1999)

Aesculus hippocastanum antimicrobial protein 1 (Ah-AMP1) is a plant defensin isolated from horse chestnuts. The plant defensins have been divided in several subfamilies according to their amino acid sequence homology. Ah-AMP1, belonging to subfamily A2, inhibits growth of a broad range of fungi. So far, a three-dimensional structure has been determined only for members of subfamilies A3 and B2. In order to understand activity and specificity of these plant defensins, the structure of a protein belonging to subfamily A2 is needed. We report the three-dimensional solution structure of Ah-AMP1 as determined from two-dimensional 1H nuclear magnetic resonance data. The structure features all the characteristics of the “cysteine-stabilized αβ-motif.”A comparison of the structure, the electrostatic potential surface and regions important for interaction with the fungal receptor, is made with Rs-AFP1 (plant defensin of subfamily A3). Thus, residues important for activity and specificity have been assigned. Proteins 1999;37:388–403. ©1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Development and Implementation of SAE J2953 for AC Charging (2014)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">The purpose of this paper is to outline the development and implementation of SAE J2953. SAE J2953 contains the requirements and procedures of interoperability testing. Within SAE J2953 interoperability test articles are defined as an Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE) paired with a Plug-in Electric Vehicle (PEV). SAE J2953 requires the development and application of test fixtures with the ability to monitor mechanical forces and electrical signals of a charge system without modification or disassembly of the EVSE and PEV under test. Electrical signal monitoring includes pilot, proximity, and line conductors of the SAE J1772 TM AC coupler. This paper will outline the requirements of the fixtures as well as a specific build. Data will be presented showing full implementation of the SAE J2953 procedures including root-cause analysis and standards gap discovery.</div></div>
The Determination of the Relative Affinities of a Series of Specific Substrates from their Respective K<sub>S</sub> and k<sub>3</sub> Values<sup>1</sup> (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Determination of the Relative Affinities of a Series of Specific Substrates from their Respective KS and k3 Values1David S. Hogness and Carl NiemannCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 12, 3183Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01132a514https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01132a514research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views21Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Factors affecting the transition from a water tree to an electrical tree (2003)

Electric stress, voltage waveshape, temperature, contaminants and insulation resistance to oxidation have been analyzed as to their influence on triggering breakdown of a water-treed polymer. The transition from a water tree to an electrical tree is dependent on several factors, including voltage waveshape, and magnitude, temperature, the insulation/semiconducting shield interface, and possibly the oxidative state of the insulation. For field-aged cables and molded specimens, the electrical tree always initiated when the water tree had reached or was within approximately 200 mu m of the adjacent surface. Shorter duration overvoltages required higher voltages to cause breakdown. There was some overlap in the breakdown voltages caused by 250/2500 mu s impulses and 60 Hz. High temperature decreased the time required to initiate an electrical tree, possibly due to the increased oxidation that occurs at the higher temperature. No particular contaminant or contaminant concentration was found to correlate directly with the event of the transition from a water tree to an electrical tree.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Does body mass index impact the early outcome of surgical revascularization? A comparison between off-pump and on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (2014)

Our study did not detect significant differences between BMI classes with regard to mortality and morbidity. However, a slight trend towards a steadily increasing short-term mortality was detectable for patients with higher BMI values. When comparing ONCAB versus OPCAB, patients with higher BMI values appeared to have a weak tendency towards a reduced short-term morbidity and mortality in favour of OPCAB.
Commande en boucle ouverte de position d’un moteur synchrone pour accumulateur électromécanique d’énergie (2002)

RESUME : Apres avoir analyse le comportement dynamique d’une machine synchrone alimentee en courant, fonctionnant en vitesse variable et en boucle ouverte de position, nous montrons les performances d’une commande dans le repere abc. Les oscillations de couple observees sont alors eliminees par l’utilisation d’une commande dans un repere « dq estime ». Si l’utilisation d’une telle commande est envisageable pour des cycles de fonctionnement brefs (quelques minutes), en revanche, les imprecisions du modele de la machine utilisee sont a l’origine de son decrochage lorsque les cycles de fonctionnement sont plus longs. Une commande simple utilisant un capteur rudimentaire delivrant une impulsion par tour est alors proposee. Le schema de controle d’un accumulateur electromecanique comporte deux boucles de regulation (courant et puissance). Dans cet article, seule la boucle de courant est abordee. Une etude experimentale permet de valider la modelisation utilisee.
Electrophilic fluorination using elemental fluorine (1995)

R. D. Chambers, C. J. Skinner, J. Thomson and J. Hutchinson, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1995, 17 DOI: 10.1039/C39950000017
The Sprit of Invention. 10. Surface Emitting Laser. (1997)

1
Topographical associations between islet endocrine cells and duct epithelial cells in the adult human pancreas (2008)

Topographical associations between islet endocrine cells and pancreatic duct cells are frequent in adult human pancreas. The islet-duct association suggests possible functional interactions between the two interrelated pancreatic compartments.
Genetically Altered tRNAGly Subspecies in E. coli (1969)

A thorough understanding of the details of transfer RNA (tRNA) structure-function relationships is essential in studies on the mechanism of protein biosynthesis. An important approach to the study of tRNA action is through the use of mutant bacterial strains containing tRNA molecules with altered structure, and, as a result, altered function. In contrast to chemical alterations of tRNA structure, which may lead to random multiple changes in the polynucleotide, mutational changes in tRNA can be expected to be quite specific at single sites in the molecule. Thus it is anticipated that changes in tRNA function could be correlated with single-base substitutions in the polynucleotide chain.
ACUTE HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY POSSIBLY ASSOCIATED WITH MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE INFECTION (1995)

Nissen, Michael F.R.A.C.P.; McEniery, Julie F.R.A.C.P.; Delbridge, Greg F.R.A.C.P.; Pearn, John Ph.D., F.R.A.C.P.; Sloots, Theo B.Sc; Whight, Chris F.R.A.C.P. Author Information
INHERENT OPTICAL PROPERTIES IN THE GULF OF CALIFORNIA PROPIEDADES ÓPTICAS INHERENTES EN EL GOLFO DE CALIFORNIA (1999)

In order to be able to invert optical remote sensing data, it is necessary to understand the absorption, scattering and attenuation spectra. In this paper we present a study of the vertical distribution and spectra of the inherent optical properties by the particulate and dissolved materials in the Gulf of California. Most of the optical properties in the gulf are dominated by phytoplankton and their by-products (Case I waters). Only in the extreme northwestern region of the gulf were the optical properties dominated by inorganic materials. Typical spectra for the various components are presented. The distribution of the components and their relative contribution to the total optical properties are discussed.
Ground-water flow modeling of the Culebra dolomite (1990)

This hydrogeologic modeling study has been performed as part of the regional hydrologic characterization of the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) site in southeastern New Mexico. The study has produced an estimation of the transmissivity and Darcy-velocity distributions in the Culebra Dolomite Member of the Permian Rustler Formation at the WIPP site. The results of this study are intended to support Sandia National Laboratories performance-assessment calculations. The three-dimensional finite-difference code SWIFT II was employed for the numerical modeling, using a variable-fluid-density and single-porosity formulation. The spatial scale of the model, 21.3 km by 30.6 km, was chosen to allow simulation of regional-scale pumping tests conducted at the H-3 and H-11 hydropads and the WIPP-13 borehole, which are located south, southeast, and northwest, respectively, of the center of the WIPP site. The modeled area includes and extends beyond the controlled area defined by the WIPP-site boundaries. The work performed in this study consisted of modeling the hydrogeology of the Culebra in two stages: steady-state modeling to develop the best estimate of the undisturbed head distribution (i.e., of the hydraulic conditions before excavation of the WIPP shafts, which began in 1981) and superimposed transient modeling of local hydrologic response to excavation of the four WIPP shafts at the center of the WIPP site, as well as to various well tests. The transient modeling used the calculated steady-state freshwater heads as initial conditions. 144 refs., 98 figs., 23 tabs.
Probable mode of action of oral contraceptives. (1965)

The major cause of death of patients in this series was infection. The nature and source of the infecting organisms and the results of treatment are described.
Observation of channeling and volume reflection in bent crystals for high-energy negative particles (2009)

Deflection due to planar channeling and volume reflection in short bent silicon crystals was observed for the first time for 150 GeV/c negative particles, π− mesons, at one of the secondary beams of the CERN SPS. The deflection efficiency was about 30% for channeling and higher than 80% for volume reflection. Volume reflection occurs, in spite of the attractive character of the forces acting between the particles and the crystal planes, in a wide angular range of the crystal orientations determined by the crystal bend angle.
Starving the enemy (2016)

Plants respond to pathogen infection by relocalizing sugar from bacterial colonization sites
Genetic profile and functional proteomics of anal squamous cell carcinoma: proposal for a molecular classification (2019)

ABSTRACT Background Anal squamous cell carcinoma is a rare tumor. Chemo-radiotherapy yields a 50% 3-year relapse-free survival rate in advanced anal cancer, so improved predictive markers and therapeutic options are needed. Methods High-throughput proteomics and whole-exome sequencing were performed in 46 paraffin samples from anal squamous cell carcinoma patients. Hierarchical clustering was used to establish groups de novo . Then, probabilistic graphical models were used to study the differences between groups of patients at the biological process level. Results A molecular classification into two groups of patients was established, one group with increased expression of proteins related to adhesion, T lymphocytes and glycolysis; and the other group with increased expression of proteins related to translation and ribosomes. The probabilistic graphical model showed that these two groups presented differences in metabolism, mitochondria, translation, splicing and adhesion processes. Additionally, these groups showed different frequencies of genetic variants in some genes, such as ATM, SLFN11 and DST . Finally, genetic and proteomic characteristics of these groups suggested the use of some possible targeted therapies, such as PARP inhibitors or immunotherapy. Conclusions In this study, a molecular classification of anal squamous cell carcinoma using high-throughput proteomics and whole-exome sequencing data was proposed. Moreover, differences between the two established groups suggested some possible therapies.