gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Composing design patterns (2006)

Pattern composition has been shown as a challenge to applying design patterns in real software systems. One of the main problems is that multiple design patterns in a system are not limited to affect only the application concerns. They also crosscut each other in multiple heterogeneous ways so that their separation and composition are far from being trivial. In this context, it is of paramount importance to systematically verify whether aspect-oriented programming (AOP) supports improved composability of design patterns. This paper presents a systematic investigation on how AOP scales up to deal with modularization of pattern-specific concerns in the presence of pattern interactions. We have made both qualitative and quantitative assessments of 62 pairwise compositions taken from 3 medium-sized systems implemented in Java and AspectJ programming languages. Our analysis has also included the evaluation of compositions involving more than two patterns. The assessment was based on four fundamental software attributes, namely separation of concerns, coupling, cohesion, and conciseness.
<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Infections: Persisting Problems and Current Research to Find New Therapies (1975)

Despite the availability of specific antibiotics, Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria still cause troublesome infections in patients with a variety of illnesses: extensive thermal injury, leukopenia from antineoplastic chemotherapy and other forms of immunosuppressive treatment, chronic pulmonary disease such as cystic fibrosis, or intravenous narcotic use. The use of antibiotics has improved the prognosis of pseudomonas infections considerably. However, patients with marginal or defective host immunity may need more extensive therapy to master the infection. By evaluating additional modalities of treatment such as granulocyte replacement, improved usage of antibiotics, and active (prophylaxis) or passive antibody administration, the optimal combination may be found.
Micromechanical Light Modulators On Silicon (1985)

Electromechanical devices can be used to rapidly modulate light if their mechanical inertias can be made small enough. The usefulness of these devices depends upon the ability to produce them in large arrays with high yield and at low cost, to integrate them with their drive circuitry, and to achieve a high level of reliability and reproducibility. In recent years micromechanical fabrication techniques have been used to produce arrays of miniature optical modula-tors on silicon that can operate at frequencies to 1 MHz with negligible drive power. They are completely compatible with integrated circuit technology and can be fabricated on a silicon wafer along with electronic circuits. In large arrays they can transfer data at a high rate for parallel optical readout of microelectronic devices and sensor arrays. Once in optical form, the data are amenable to optical processing. The development of the micromechanical modulator, its features, performance characteristics and limitations, and its potential applications to data transfer and processing are discussed.
Short Distance Ground Wave Propagation Modeling in Irregular and Forested Environments (2011)

This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Trace: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of Trace: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact
Small-size, low-power bipolar memory cell (1971)

The development of a bipolar transistor storage cell, consisting of active components, which allows a very high storage density in random access read/write monolithic memories at an extremely low power dissipation, will be covered.
Bregman Divergence for Stochastic Variance Reduction: Saddle-Point and Adversarial Prediction (2017)

Adversarial machines, where a learner competes against an adversary, have regained much recent interest in machine learning. They are naturally in the form of saddle-point optimization, often with separable structure but sometimes also with unmanageably large dimension. In this work we show that adversarial prediction under multivariate losses can be solved much faster than they used to be. We first reduce the problem size exponentially by using appropriate sufficient statistics, and then we adapt the new stochastic variance-reduced algorithm of Balamurugan & Bach (2016) to allow any Bregman divergence. We prove that the same linear rate of convergence is retained and we show that for adversarial prediction using KL-divergence we can further achieve a speedup of #example times compared with the Euclidean alternative. We verify the theoretical findings through extensive experiments on two example applications: adversarial prediction and LPboosting.
Globalization in Busan and beyond (2010)

Busan(Pusan), Korea’s second largest city (population 3.6 million) and fifth busiest port in the world, is experiencing rapidly increasing trade, global connections, events, and resulting infrastructural projects. What should Busan do to better handle the social, political, and economic complexities brought by these changes? To answer this question, this paper explores the relationship of globalization and culture, as treated by cultural anthropology. It also considers how the tools of applied social science and anthropology can be mobilized to help Busan and the southeast region of Korea deal with these challenges. After introducing anthropological treatments of culture, globalization and global problems, I discuss how applied social science/anthropology is used in international business/trade, tourism, and transport/logistics, especially the third area. To show how applied social science can help transportation and logistics projects in Busan and Korea, I present lessons from case studies and examples in Denver, Colorado Springs, Chuuk(Truk, South Pacific), and Korea. Applied social science and applied anthropology present a wealth of helpful methods and insights to help Busan and Korea improve planning, public participation, political, social and environmental issues in transport and logistics projects, and help prevent ethical and budgetary lapses. Finally, I offer suggestions for initial training programs and future studies to help expedite these goals.
Las mujeres en El lápiz del carpintero de Manuel Rivas: ¿adelantadas a su tiempo? (2016)

espanolTras un analisis sobre el papel de la situacion de las mujeres durante la guerra civil y la postguerra, se analizan los personajes femeninos, y los modelos a los que representan, de la novela El lapiz del carpintero de Manuel Rivas. Dos mujeres revolucionarias que rompen con el modelo establecido: Marisa Mallo, la protagonista, de familia tradicional y falangista, e Izarne, monja con los mismos ideales de libertad. Dos mujeres sometidas: Maria da Visitacao, joven prostituta y Beatriz, la mujer maltratada fisica y psicologicamente por su marido. Y otras dos mujeres que apuntalan el sistema social de la epoca: las prostitutas Manila y la Tumbona. Se reflexiona sobre cuales fueron adelantadas a su tiempo y a traves de que medios narrativos se presentan estas mujeres en sus respectivos ambientes y como eso influye en los modelos de mujer. El articulo se cierra con una propuesta de las razones por las que los profesores de ensenanza secundaria pueden sugerir al alumnado la lectura de algunas novelas de Manuel Rivas para ensenar, a traves de su vision del mundo, como funciona nuestra sociedad actual. EnglishThis article deals with the analysis of female characters in Manuel Rivas’s novel El lapiz del carpintero (The carpenter’s pencil) and the role models they represent. It begins with the study of the situation of women during the Spanish Civil War and its aftermath, and shows how two revolutionary women break the established pattern: Marisa Mallo, the main character, who comes from a traditional and fascist background, and Izarne, a nun who shares her freedom ideals. Besides, there are two overpowered women, young prostitute Maria da Visitacao and Beatriz, physically and mentally abused by her husband, plus two other women who strengthen and secure the social system of the time, prostitutes Manila and La Tumbona. Thus, the paper ponders on which women were ahead of their time and the narrative ways they are portrayed within their context and the implications on the women models they depict. Finally, the article closes with a proposal on why secondary education teachers can suggest our students reading Manuel Rivas’ novels so as to show how our society works through Rivas’ point of view.
Large oscillatory forces generated by interfacial water under lateral modulation between two hydrophilic surfaces (2011)

We observed remarkable oscillatory forces with amplitude of 60-90 nN and periodicity of 3–4 water molecule diameters in an ambient environment between two silicon surfaces as the tip-sample distance decreased using the cantilever-based optical interfacial force microscope with lateral modulation. As the humidity increased, the oscillatory forces changed from being large at lower relative humidities, below 40%, to progressively becoming smaller as the humidity went higher than 40%. The frequency of oscillatory forces increased with the existence of lateral tip-modulation and with the slower approaching tip-speed. Its starting point distance has been found to originate from the topographic water structure.
Communications via updates of shared memory (Corresp.) (1982)

A model in which a transmitter <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</tex> sends a message to a receiver <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">R</tex> via shared random-access memory is analyzed. In the model, the random-access memory consists of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">L</tex> individually addressable cells, each of which may be set to a value from a finite alphabet. A message <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</tex> is sent by writing values into some of the memory cells so that the memory state is consistent with some codeword for <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</tex> . The model differs from traditional source coding in several respects. The codeword may specify values for a noncontiguous subset of the memory cells and allow the remaining unspecified cells to be filled in by other users as they wish. Also, the transmitter <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</tex> may attempt to avoid writing a full codeword into memory by first reading some cells to determine the initial memory state partially. Thus, the cells accessed for transmission and the cells specified by a codeword may be distinct, unlike traditional noiseless source coding where the symbols sent and symbols received are identical. Here we analyze the operational characteristics of the transmitter <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</tex> . It is shown that the number of accesses by <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</tex> obeys a generalized Kraft inequality. Lower bounds are given for the worst case and average number of accesses.
The Nature of Surface States on Chemically Modified TiO2 Electrodes (1980)

Two important parameters which strongly influence the flatband potential of a semiconductor in electrolytic solutions are the electron affinity of the semiconductor and the net charge on the surface. An attempt to modify these parameters by chemical derivatization of the surface of the semiconductor will be described. When the surface of is modified with alkylsilanes, impedance and photocurrent measurements indicate that surface states are introduced at the semiconductor‐electrolyte interface. These states have broad Gaussian distribution, with a maximum near the bottom of the conduction band. The states act as effective recombination centers for light‐generated minority carriers. When the alkylsilane is derivatized with a phosphonate group, the Gaussian distribution of the states is retained but with reduced width, and the maximum is shifted considerably to more positive potentials. These states do not act as recombination centers. An attempt also was made to change the electron affinity of the surface by fluorination. The only measured result was an increase in surface recombination of minority carriers, which resulted in a decrease in the anodic photocurrent.
Enhancement in Chemiluminescence by Carbonate for Cobalt(II)-catalyzed Oxidation of Luminol with Hydrogen Peroxide (2005)

Chemiluminescence (CL) from the cobalt(II)-catalyzed oxidation of luminol with hydrogen peroxide was dramatically enhanced by the presence of carbonate. The CL signal increases by several orders of magnitude over a wide range of concentrations of Co(II), luminol, or hydrogen peroxide. A limit of detection of 10−12 M for Co(II) and luminol and 10−8 M for hydrogen peroxide can be achieved. The CL emission spectrum exhibits a maximum at 425 nm, indicating that the excited 3-aminophthalate is the emitting species. ESR spin-trapping experiments revealed a large increase in the production of hydroxyl and carbonate radicals by the presence of carbonate, which is responsible for the enormous CL enhancement. Uric acid, ascorbic acid, acetaminophen, and p-hydroxyphenyl acetic acid are capable of scavenging the radicals, thereby inhibiting the CL emission. The inhibition of CL intensity can be used to determine these substances at the sub-micromolar level.
A distributed, multimedia environmental information system (2002)

Scientific research addressing global change continues to generate large quantities of information for analysis and understanding. However, the volume, distributed nature, and diversity of this information prohibits convenient access by many potential users. This paper describes an object-oriented, distributed system consisting of an integrated collection of software tools that allows a user to query and manipulate distributed, multimedia data sets through a graphical user interface (GUI). The tool, ENFORMS (ENvironmental inFORMation System), is currently populated with environmental information for use in a regional watershed analysis project.
Crystal structure of magnesioneptunite (2012)

The crystal structure of the new mineral magnesioneptunite (K0.8Na0.1−0.1)Na2Li(Ti0.39Mg0.34Fe0.27)2(Ti0.59Mg0.22Fe0.19)2[Si4O11]2(O,OH) from the xenolith of Verkhnechegemskaya caldera (Lakarga Mountain, North Caucasus) has been investigated by X-ray diffraction (XCalibur-S diffractometer, R = 0.0244): a = 16.3271(7) Å, b = 12.4788(4) Å, c = 9.9666(4) Å β = 115.651(5), V = 1830.5(1) Å3, sp. gr. C2/c, Z = 4, and ρcalcd = 3.152 g/cm3. The disordered distribution of Ti, Mg, and Fe atoms in the octahedra forming the basis of the cationic framework is established. It is shown that the isomorphic occupation of octahedral positions by cations of three types corresponds to the centrosymmetric crystal structure and is likely caused by the high-temperature crystallization of the mineral.
A protection scheme based on online encryption for streaming media (2008)

In the existing applications of streaming media, the formats of streaming media contents are multiple. How to effectively protect various-format streaming media contents is a new challenge. A new protection scheme based on online encryption for streaming media is proposed in this paper. It achieves content protection for various-format streaming media by encrypting the data packets. The proposed protection scheme is independent of the streaming media server and format, also can set various security levels according to the streaming media content to achieve personal protection service. Experiments show that the scheme is suitable for copyright protection of various-format streaming media.
Stereoscopic video error concealment for missing frame recovery using disparity-based frame difference projection (2009)

At low bit-rate video communications, packet loss may easily cause whole-frame loss that, in return, leads to annoying frame drop phenomenon. In this paper, a novel error concealment algorithm is specifically developed for stereoscopic video, called the disparity-based frame difference projection (DFDP), to recover the lost frames at the decoder. The proposed DFDP contains three key components: 1) change detection, 2) disparity estimation, and 3) frame difference projection, which exploits both the intra-view frame difference from one view and interview correlation to estimate the lost frame in another view. The change region computed on the correctly received frame will be used to predict the change region between current missing frame and its previous frame through the estimated disparity, which is the summation of the estimated global disparity and the estimated local disparity. Experimental results have shown that the proposed stereoscopic video error concealment method can effectively restore the lost frames at the decoder and deliver attractive performance, in terms of objective measurement (in peak signal-to-noise ratio) and subjective visual quality.
The X-ray contrast method for testing germinability of Picea abies (L.) Karst. seed (1971)

In this investigation the working out and the standardisation of the x-ray contrast method for determination of the germinability of Picea abies (L.) Karst. seed is described. Eighty-four samples from different countries and with various germination values were used for the study. Treatment of a sample with a 40 per cent solution of sodium iodide for 15 minutes at room temperature was found to be suitable for calculating its germinability. Seeds with both embryo and endosperm free of impregnation or those with embryo unimpregnated and the endosperm impregnated in not more than 25 per cent of its projected area on the x-ray film were considered as germinable. The development of the embryo and the endosperm was also taken into consideration for determining the germinabilitj of a seed. The results of the germinability of the samples calculated by the x-ray contrast method were found to agree well with their germination percentages on Jacobsen apparatus, which were used as the standard in this study.
Introduction (1976)

Many of the processes used in producing computer programs may be performed with less user effort by using specialized computer programs. There has been a continuous stream of developments which decrease the effort of a human programmer in producing a computer program, including symbolic assemblers, macro assemblers, algorithmic languages, text editors, debugging systems and so forth. An important part of this series of developments has been the development of higher level programming languages. These allow the user to ignore low level details of implementation and have the system provide for them.
DIESEL PARTICULATES : THE CONTROVERSIES GROW (1999)

At the recent Diesel Engines - Particulate Control seminar in London, there was lively controversy about the most appropriate methods of measuring exhaust particles and the extent of health hazards related to particulates. One claim, contrary to popular belief by diesel engineers, was that switching to ultra-low sulphur content in 'city diesel' fuel could worsen, not relieve, the respiratory problems from diesel engine emissions. It became progressively clear that particle size and number are at least as critical as particle mass. The more particles there are in exhaust emissions, the smaller their average size and the deeper their penetration into the lungs of those exposed to them; smaller particles also stay in the atmosphere longer. Various instruments can measure these particle properties. One reason why the Euro standards do not yet refer to particle size and numbers is that regulations about them would at present be much too difficult to enforce, due to severe problems in measuring these properties accurately enough. However, chemical dilution could improve the accuracy of such measurements. If it became necessary to remove ever smaller particles from exhaust, particle traps would need to become finer filters, implying denser ceramic monoliths with smaller pores. New catalysts are also being developed.
Adaptive wavelets classification of transient sonar signals (2002)

This paper discusses the applicability of adaptive wavelets for the classification of transient sonar signals. A two-step classification method is presented. The first step is the extraction of adaptive wavelet features. The second step is the signal classification using a feedforward neural network. Four classes of transient sonar signals are used for an experiment. The test result shows that the performance of adaptive wavelets for this application is rather better than that of the power spectral features based classifier.
Proliferation of human ocular fibroblasts. An assessment of in vitro colorimetric assays. (1990)

Growing interest surrounds the pharmacologic modulation of ocular wound healing and fibroblastic proliferation. Therefore many investigators have developed assays to screen potential antiproliferative drugs on cultured fibroblasts. Such assays are extremely labor intensive, especially when many compounds are tested. Using proliferating human ocular fibroblasts, the authors explored the feasibility of three in vitro colorimetric assays as rapid, simple alternatives to more tedious proliferation assays, such as Coulter counting. These were: (1) the mitochondrial metabolism of a tetrazolium dye, (2) the cytoplasmic activity of hexosaminidase, and (3) the lysosomal uptake of neutral red, a weak basic dye. Serial dilutions of fibroblasts were assayed with each colorimetric technique; Coulter counting was used as a standard. All three colorimetric methods showed strong linear relationships between optical density and Coulter-cell counts. The MTT and neutral-red techniques were relatively insensitive, unable to quantify reliably fewer than 20,000 or 50,000 cells, respectively. On the other hand, the hexosaminidase assay was far more sensitive, reliably detecting a few hundred cells. Despite their differences and limitations, these three colorimetric techniques are useful as inexpensive screens whenever multiple drugs are tested for antifibroblastic effects.
Information in the Zero Crossings of Bandpass Signals (1977)

An interesting subclass of bandpass signals {h} is described wherein the zero crossings of h determine h within a multiplicative constant. The members may have complex zeros, but it is necessary that h should have no zeros in common with its Hilbert transform h other than real simple zeros. It is then sufficient that the band be less than an octave in width. The subclass is shown to include full-carrier upper-sideband signals (of less than an octave bandwidth). Also it is shown that full-carrier lower-sideband signals have only real simple zeros (for any ratio of upper and tower frequencies) and, hence, are readily identified by their zero crossings. However, under the most general conditions for uniqueness, the problem of actually recovering h from its sign changes appears to be very difficult and impractical.