gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genetic Control of Susceptibility to<i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>-Induced Alveolar Bone Loss in Mice (2000)

Periodontal disease affects a large percentage of the human population. Resorption of the alveolar bone of the jaw is a pivotal sequela of periodontal disease, because this bone is the attachment site for the periodontal ligaments that anchor the teeth. Using a murine model in which alveolar bone loss is induced by oral infection with Porphyromonas gingivalis, a gram-negative bacterium associated with human adult periodontal disease, we provide evidence suggesting that susceptibility to such bone loss is a genetically determined trait. AKR/J, DBA/2J, and BALB/cByJ or BALB/cJ mice were highly susceptible, while A/J, A/HeJ, 129/J, SJL/J, and C57BL/6J mice were much more resistant. When susceptible BALB/cJ and BALB/cByJ mice were crossed to resistant strains, two patterns were observed. (BALBc/ByJ x C57BL/6J)F(1) offspring were susceptible, suggesting C57BL/6J has recessive resistance alleles, while (BALB/cJ x A/J)F(1) mice were all resistant, suggesting that A/J mice have dominant resistance alleles. These results suggest a tractable genetic basis for P. gingivalis-induced alveolar bone loss and open the possibility of exploiting the mouse model to identify loci important for host susceptibility and resistance to periodontal disease.
Pharmacophore-guided elucidation of the active principle from natural compounds (2010)

Pharmacophore-based virtual screening is broadly applied to predict bioactivities of small molecules. [1] One pharmacophore model represents chemical features of a compound that are required for a specific biological response, for example a specific arrangement of hydrophobic areas and hydrogen bonds. When a large number of such models is combined, the pharmacological profile of a compound can be predicted, including potential desired and adverse effects. This so-called pharmacophoric profile can guide the identification of biological effects of natural products. [2] The approach especially aims to elucidate the active principle of traditionally used herbal and fungal remedies, thereby accelerating the identification of their molecular mode-of-action. This presentation will introduce the concept of pharmacophoric profiling, describe the setup and data analysis of a profiling run, and show successful application examples to natural products.
Synthesis of Substituted <i>N</i>-Benzyl Pyridones via an <i>O</i>- to <i>N</i>-Alkyl Migration (2008)

A new LiI-promoted O- to N-alkyl migration has been developed for the conversion of O-alkylated 2-hydroxy pyridines, quinolines, and pyrimidines to the corresponding N-alkylated heterocycles in good to excellent yields (57−99%). This method serves as an efficient means for the preparation of N-benzyl pyridones, quinolones, and pyrimidones.
Occurrence of <i>Chilli veinal mottle virus</i> in Himalayan butterfly bush ( <i>Buddleja crispa</i> ) (2006)

Buddleja crispa, commonly known as Himalayan butterfly bush, grows in open rocky places. It is a deciduous or semi-evergreen, ornamental, perennial shrub with fuzzy white leaves on long, arching stems, bearing tiny pink, violet or purple flowers. The flowers are often fragrant, attractive and irresistible to butterflies, bees and other nectar-feeding birds and insects. Buddleja davidii, an allied species of B. crispa, has been reported to be a host of Tomato ringspot virus (Hughes & Scott, 2003), Alfalfa mosaic virus (Walter et al., 1985) and Cucumber mosaic virus (Perkins, 1991). In the course of a study to assess virus incidence in natural plant resources of high-altitude areas in the western Himalayan region of India, some leaves of B. crispa with mild chlorosis and mosaic symptoms were collected from the Kinnaur area (altitude 2500 m asl) of Himachal Pradesh during 2003. The infected leaves were tested by ELISA for the presence of Tomato ringspot virus (antibody kit supplied by DSMZ, Braunschweig, Germany), Cucumber mosaic virus and potyviruses (antibodies from Agdia, Elkhart, USA). A positive result was obtained with the potyvirus group-specific antibodies. To confirm the identity of the virus detected, leaf samples were tested using a universal potyvirus primer pair (P9502 and CPUP), which amplify part of the coat-protein gene and 3′-UTR of the viral genome (Van der Vlugt et al., 1999). An amplification product of 800 bp was obtained after RT–PCR. The DNA product was cloned, sequenced and submitted to the EMBL Database (accession number AJ889836). The sequence showed 95% homology to Chilli vein-banding mottle virus, a strain of Chilli veinal mottle virus reported from Japan (GenBank accession number AB012221). This is a new report of this potyvirus occurring on B. crispa growing in nature, therefore this plant should be taken into account as a potential reservoir of Chilli veinal mottle virus infecting chilli crops. Authors would like to thank the National Bioresource Development Board, Department of Biotechnology, Government of India for financial assistance (IHBT publication no. 515).
Occlusion of Coronary Arteries after Vein Bypass (1973)

The coronary arteries of 100 patients were radiographically visualized by selective injection of contrast material. Findings in the three main arteries (left anterior descending, right, and circumflex arteries) were analyzed before and after aortocoronary-saphenous vein graft surgery. Proximal coronary artery stenosis progressed to complete occlusion in almost half the patients on whose stenotic arteries a graft had been placed. The incidence was higher than that observed in nongrafted arteries during the "natural" course of the disease. The frequency of occlusion in grafted coronary arteries was higher in severely stenotic than in moderately stenotic arteries. The fact that the occlusion occurred more often with a patent graft than with a closed graft suggests a hemodynamic component in its pathogenesis. The study indicates that in many patients the prognosis must remain linked to patency of the bypass graft.
Systematischer Review und Meta-Analyse von Zystenflüssigkeits-Markern für die Differentialdiagnose von zystischen Pankreasläsionen (2016)

Hintergrund: Zystische Pankreasläsionen (PCL) werden zunehmend diagnostiziert und besitzen ein unterschiedliches malignes Potenzial. Die präoperative Differentialdiagnose von muzinösen Neoplasien (MCN) oder Hauptgang-IPMN is oft eine Herausforderung, aber beeinflusst möglicherweise entscheidend das Patientenüberleben. Die vorliegende Studie fasst die Zystenflüssigkeitsmarker für die Differentialdiagnose von PCL systematisch zusammen.
Electro-submersible pump deployment strikes it rich (1999)

Baker Hughes Centrilift has patented a significant advance in artificial lift technology for oil fields — the new ElectroCoilTM system. ElectroCoil is not a pump, it's a solution to a problem that engineers have been attempting to address for over twenty years — how to effectively deploy an electro-sub-mersible pump, with coiled tubing. As coiled tubing has advanced, it has become established as an alternative to traditional jointed pipe for drilling and a wide range of production purposes including, now, electro-submersible pump deployment.
The influence of a copolymer as adhesion promoter for polycarbonate and liquid crystalline polymer blends (1993)

Abstract The modification of the interface between polycarbonate (PC) and Pet Phb60 was studied. The ester interchange reaction between the components of the 50% w/w mixture, responsible for the formation of molecular segments of intermediate affinity toward the parent polymers, has greatly affected the morphology of extrudate samples. The reacted compound was used in the ratio of 5% as compatibilizer in the formulation of the in situ composite between PC and PetPhb60, containing 10% of the reinforcing thermotropic liquid crystal polymer (TLCP). The effects of the adhesion promoter has been evaluated comparing the morphological features of melt‐drawn fibers with the previous result concerning the fibers without the compatibilizer. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Development of Benzodiazepine and Picrotoxin (<i>t</i>‐Butylbicyclophosphorothionate) Binding Sites in Rat Cerebellar Granule Cells in Culture (1990)

The specific bindings of [3H]flunitrazepam [( 3H]FLU), [3H]CGS 8216, and t-[35S]butylbicyclophosphorothionate [( 35S]TBPS) to sites on rat cerebellar granule cells all increase from 4 to 15 days in culture, although their time courses differ. Specific [3H]FLU binding doubles, [3H]CGS 8216 binding triples, and [35S]TBPS binding increases about fourfold from 4 to 15 days in culture. Displacement studies, using the type I-selective ligand CL 218,872, indicate that at 4 days the [3H]FLU binding sites are almost entirely "type II," judging from an IC50 value near 300 nM and a pseudo-Hill number near 1. By 10 days, approximately equal numbers of type I and type II binding sites are present in the cultured cells, and this ratio remains constant thereafter (12 and 15 days). At days 10-15, both the IC50 value for CL 218,872 (near 100 nM) and the pseudo-Hill number (near 0.7) remain constant and are significantly different from the values at culture day 4. The development of specific [35S]TBPS binding parallels that of [3H]CGS 8216 binding more closely than the development of [3H]FLU binding. The [3H]CGS 8216/[3H]FLU ratio increased by a factor of 1.6 from day 4 to day 15 (p less than 0.001). Taken together, our data suggest the existence of several gamma-aminobutyric acidA (GABAA) receptor subunits, the relative proportions of which change during development. The presence of the GABA-mimetic 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisoxazolo[5,4c]pyridine-3-ol (THIP) in the culture medium had no apparent effect on any of the binding sites studied, although THIP was shown previously to induce low-affinity GABA binding sites.
Cross-flow, filter-sorbent catalyst for particulate, SO sub 2 and NO sub x control (1991)

This report describes a new concept for integrated pollutant control: a cross-flow filter comprised of layered, gas permeable membranes that act a particulate filter, an SO{sub 2} sorbent, and a NO{sub x} reduction catalyst.
Broughton, Rhoda, [1893] June 16 (1890)

ENVELOPE ONLY; envelope 2 postmarked from London and addressed to : 1 Mansfield Place, Richmond Hill, S. W. (comment)
NADE (p75NTR-associated cell death executor) suppresses cellular growth in vivo (2003)

NADE, a p75NTR (low-affinity neurotrophin receptor p75) -associated cell death executor, was initially cloned from a human ovarian granulosa cell cDNA library, as an unknown protein with the name, pHGR74. It was reported to mediate nerve growth factor-induced apoptosis. We independently isolated human NADE (pHGR74) from breast cancer cell lines. Expression of NADE in various human cancer cell lines, and human and murine tissues was examined. NADE was highly expressed in human endocrine-related organs and embryotic murine tissues. Forced expression of NADE in CHO (Chinese hamster ovary) cells and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells had little effect on the growth of the cells in vitro, while it dramatically suppressed cellular growth in vivo. We used the yeast two-hybrid system to search for NADE binding protein. Dynactin was identified as a candidate. The p75NTR was not found in this assay and did not co-immunoprecipitate with human NADE. Furthermore, the cells stably transfected with NADE did not respond to NGF or TNF. Thus, human and murine NADE appear to have different functions.
Design of oversampled DFT filter banks with minimum delay (1998)

When a filter bank satisfies the conditions for perfect reconstruction, the whole transfer function has the property of a single delay. In the application to subband adaptive filters and other problems, this delay is directly reflected, for example, in the transfer delay of the speech signal. This paper considers an oversampled DFT filter bank, where the number of channels is an integer multiple of the decimation ratio. The delay is investigated, and a design method is presented for a filter bank with minimum delay. As the first step, the minimum delay of the filter bank satisfying the conditions of perfect reconstruction and causality is given by the number of channels minus 1, regardless of the decimation ratio or the number of filter taps. The design method for the filter bank with this minimum delay is formulated. Lastly, a detailed design example is presented and the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified. © 1998 Scripta Technica. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 81(1): 71–78, 1998
Monitoring of microbial souring in chemically treated, produced-water biofilm systems using molecular techniques (2005)

The identification of bacteria in oil production facilities has previously been based on culture techniques. However, cultivation of bacteria from these often-extreme environments can lead to errors in identifying the microbial community members. In this study, molecular techniques including fluorescence in situ hybridization, PCR, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, and sequencing were used to track changes in bacterial biofilm populations treated with nitrate, nitrite, or nitrate+molybdate as agents for the control of sulfide production. Results indicated that nitrite and nitrate+molybdate reduced sulfide production, while nitrate alone had no effect on sulfide generation. No long-term effect on sulfide production was observed. Initial sulfate-reducing bacterial numbers were not influenced by the chemical treatments, although a significant increase in sulfate-reducing bacteria was observed after termination of the treatments. Molecular analysis showed a diverse bacterial population, but no major shifts in the population due to treatment effects were observed.
Bicyclic pyrimidine derivatives with a bridgehead nitrogen atom. Part I. Synthesis of s-triazolo[4,3-a]pyrimidines (1967)

The reaction of 2-hydrazinopyrimidines with ethyl imidate hydrochlorides has been explored as a new route to 3-substituted s-triazolo[4,3-a]pyrimidines. The synthesis of certain s-triazolo[4,3-a]pyrimid-7-ones by lead tetra-acetate oxidation of 1-alkyl-2-benzylidenehydrazinopyrimid-6-ones is described. 6-Ethoxycarbonyl-s-triazolo[4,3-a]pyrimid-7-ones readily isomerise to s-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimid-5-ones.
Kinetics of Manganese and Iron Oxidation by Potassium Permanganate and Chlorine Dioxide (1991)

This article describes research to quantify the kinetics of Mn(II) and Fe(II) oxidation by potassium permanganate and chlorine dioxide; illustrates the effects of reduced metal ion concentration, pH, temperature, and the presence of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) on these kinetics; and investigates aspects of oxidation through modeling analyses. Among conclusions based on experimental results were the following: oxidation of reduced Mn(II) was rapid except at low solution temperatures; rates of Mn(II) oxidation are acceptable in the presence of humic or fulvic acids, but those acids strongly inhibit Fe(II) oxidation efficiency; poor manganese removal may be caused by inefficient capture of colloidal MnO X (s). The sequence in which oxidants are added may be an important issue for design and operation.
Injection and Trapping of Tunnel-Ionized Electrons into Laser-Produced Wakes (2010)

A method, which utilizes the large difference in ionization potentials between successive ionization states of trace atoms, for injecting electrons into a laser-driven wakefield is presented. Here a mixture of helium and trace amounts of nitrogen gas was used. Electrons from the K shell of nitrogen were tunnel ionized near the peak of the laser pulse and were injected into and trapped by the wake created by electrons from majority helium atoms and the L shell of nitrogen. The spectrum of the accelerated electrons, the threshold intensity at which trapping occurs, the forward transmitted laser spectrum, and the beam divergence are all consistent with this injection process. The experimental measurements are supported by theory and 3D OSIRIS simulations.
Frequency of quadrupole mode oscillations of spheroidal liquid drops in an acoustic field. (1992)

Ultrasonic levitation of liquid drops in air has been used [Y. Tian etal., J. Colloid Interface Sci. (submitted)] as a technique for measurement of the rheological properties (viscosity, interfacial tension, elasticity) of liquid surfaces and interfaces. The unavoidable deformation and asymmetry caused by the intensity of the sound field needed to levitate millimeter-sized water drops in air in a 1-g environment gives rise to a change in the frequency of quadrupole mode shape oscillations from the spherical value. This complicates measurements of rheological properties. Thus the frequency change due to the interaction with the sound field has been modeled. Using a unique conservation of energy approach, the shift due strictly to geometrical deformation of arbitrary origin is derived. Then realistic values of deformation and corresponding radiation force for typical cases are considered, modifying the previously obtained frequency shift values. Results are compared to experimental values obtained for millimeter-sized drops levitated ultrasonically in air in a 1-g field. [Work supported by NASA through JPL Contract No. 958722.]
An intraspecific analysis of trade-offs in sprinting performance in a West Indian lizard species (Anolis lineatopus) (1998)

We examined whether a trade-off exists in sprinting ability among individuals within the Caribbean lizard Anolis lineatopus. Specifically, we made the following predictions: Longer-legged (relative to body size) individual lizards should sprint faster than shorter-legged lizards on a broad (5.1 cm diameter) rod. However, longer-legged lizards should also decline in sprinting performance to a greater extent than shorter-legged lizards when sprinting on rods of different diameters. To test these predictions, we examined morphology and sprinting performance in adult male, adult female and juvenile A. lineatopus. As predicted, longer-legged lizards are faster sprinters than shorter-legged lizards on the broad substrate, but they also decline more in speed between the broad and narrow (0.7 cm diameter) dowel. However, despite statistically significant morphological differences among intraspecific classes, differences in morphology did not result in differences in sprinting performance among intraspecific classes, with the exception that larger lizards run faster than smaller lizards on each dowel size.
ChemInform Abstract: SILACYCLOBUTENES‐ A SIMPLE SYNTHESIS (1978)

Abstract Die Blitzlicht‐Vakuum‐Photolyse des Diallylsilans (Ia) führt neben Propen (Ausb. 22%) zum Silacyclobuten (IIa).
TiO<sub>2</sub> coated Si nanowire electrodes for electrochemical double layer capacitors in room temperature ionic liquid (2017)

Three TiO2 deposition processes are used to coat the surface of Si nanowire array electrodes for electrochemical double layer capacitors in the room temperature ionic liquid [Bmim][NTF2]. The fabrication processes are based on wet chemistry only and temperature treatments are kept below 450°C. Successful TiO2 coatings are found to be those that are carried out at low pressure and with low TiO2 coverage to avoid nanowires breakage. The best TiO2 coated Si nanowire array electrode in [Bmim][NTF2] showed energy densities of 0.9 Whcenterdotkg-1 and power densities of 2.2 kWcenterdotkg-1 with a nanowire length of ~10 μm.
Fractures of the Humerus in Arm Wrestlers (1980)

In 7 cases of fracture of the humerus occurring in arm wrestlers, each patient sustained a simple spiral fracture of the distal third of the humerus. No patient had any neural or vascular compromise. Three patients underwent open reduction and internal fixation with 2 screws, at which time, muscle was found to be interposed between the fracture fragments. The other 4 patients were treated in hanging arm casts. All of the fractures united. Of the 41 cases of this injury reported in English medical literature there were 5 patients with radial nerve palsy and 16 patients who had had operative treatment of the injury. Because of the possibility of participants sustaining such an injury, arm wrestling should not be considered a totally benign sport.
Linear combinatorial approach to thin film research (2007)

We describe high-throughput experimentation of film synthesis by use of a linear tape transport system (similar to a web-coating system). Metal tape is fed continuously in a reel-to-reel transport system inside the vacuum deposition chamber. Ion-beam assisted deposition (IBAD) texturing is used to enable the growth of epitaxial films on flexible, polycrystalline metal tapes which further enhances the capability of this research. The tape that is continuously fed can be used as a sample itself, via the use of IBAD-textured templates on the tape, or can be a carrier of other smaller substrates (even nonflexible ones). Characterization of samples is done by means of in situ monitoring as well as ex situ sequential analysis. We utilize in situ reflection high-energy electron diffraction for high-throughput analysis of samples. Epitaxial films are deposited on heated samples by evaporation and by pulsed laser deposition. Here, we explain the techniques and the methodologies developed for this type of combinatorial experimentation and show some examples of the material research completed.
Wavelets in a Box (1998)

Wavelet Toolware: From Fourier Analysis to Wavelet Analysis. Short-Time Fourier Transform. Window Measures. What Is a Wavelet? Continuous Wavelet Transform. Multiresolution Analysis. Types of Wavelets. Wavelet Packets. Two-Dimensional Wavelets. Wavelet Algorithms Overview. Algorithm for Computing the STFT. Algorithm for Computing the CWT. Computation and Display of Scaling Functions. Computation and Graphical Display of Wavelets. Mapping Between B-Splines and Their Duals. Decomposition of a 1-D Signal. Reconstruction of 1-D Signals. Thresholding. Two-Dimensional Extension of Wavelet Algorithms. Other Algorithms. The Wavelet Toolware Overview. Using Toolware. 2-D DWT Tool. 1-D DWT Tool. Continuous Wavelet Transform Tool. Short Time Fourier Transform Tool. Wavelet Builder Tool. An Introduction to Wavelets: Preface. An Overview. Fourier Analysis. Wavelet Transforms and Time-Frequency Analysis. Cardinal Spline Analysis. Orthogonal Wavelets and Wavelet Packets. Notes. References. Subject Index. Appendix.
A Throat-Bypass Stability System Tested in a YF-12 (1977)

Results of a wind-tunnel investigation are presented. The inlet was modified so that airflow can be removed through a porous cowl-bleed region in the vicinity of the throat. Bleed plenum exit flow area is controlled by relief-type mechanical valves. Unlike valves in previous systems, these are made for use in a high Mach f l ight environment and include refinements so that the system could be tested on a NASA YF-12 aircraft. The valves were designed to provide their own reference pressure and hence do not respond to slowly varying disturbances. However, the results show that the system can absorb internal-airflow transients that are too fast for a conventional bypass door control system and that the two systems complement each other quite well. Increased tolerance to angle-of-attack and Mach number changes is indicated. The valves should provide sufficient time for the inlet control system to make geometry changes required to keep the inlet started.