gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quick estimation of transient currents in CMOS integrated circuits (1989)

A methodology is established for analyzing transient currents in CMOS VLSI circuits without extensive detailed circuit simulations. Equations are presented for the analyzing individual device currents using transistor dimensions, rise/fall times, frequency, and capacitive loading. The concept of effective frequency for various transistor structures is introduced and used for frequency propagation in complex circuits. Simple algorithms are presented for differentiating between simultaneous and nonsimultaneous currents using frequency, propagation delay, and power-bus location. Current flow is analyzed in general for three structures: interconnect, internal power buses, and pad-ring power buses. Individual transistor currents are related to total current in VLSI circuits. Current values and percentage errors are given to various examples. These current estimates can flag serious reliability issues, such as electromigration, or spurious signal noise from excessive power-bus voltage drops.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
XSLT transformation from UML models to LQN performance models (2002)

A graph grammar-based transformation of a UML design model into a Layered Queueing Network (LQN) performance model was previously proposed by the authors of this paper. The actual transformation was implemented in two ways: first by using an existing graph-rewriting tool, and secondly through an ad-hoc graph transformation implemented in Java.This paper extends the previous work of the authors by proposing a third approach to implement the UML to LQN transformation by using XSLT. Recommended by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) the Extensible Stylesheet Language for Transformations (XSLT) is a flexible language for transforming XML documents into various formats including HTML, XML, text, PDF, etc. The input to our XSLT transformation is an XML file that contains the UML model in XML format according to the standard XML Metadata Interchange (XMI). The output is the corresponding LQN model description file, which can be read directly by existing LQN solvers. The paper compares the relative advantages and disadvantages of the XSLT transformation with the previous approaches proposed by the authors, describes the principles of the XSLT transformation and applies it to a case study.
A new HPLC-method for the simultaneous determination of B1-, B2- and B6-vitamers in serum and whole blood. (1987)

Considering that the B1-, B2- and B6-vitamers in whole blood and serum are partly protein bound and partly in phosphorylated form as co-enzyme, we developed a sample treatment which is able to transduce all three vitamers in their free forms. After cleaning the sample on solid-phase-extraction columns (SPE-column) we are able to separate all three vitamers in one run with HPLC and to quantify them with simultaneous detection (UV and Fluorescence). The following reference values were obtained: (ng/ml) Serum: Thiamin 6.55 +/- 2.38, Riboflavin 4.92 +/- 1.01, vitamin B6 11.21 +/- 3.17. Whole blood: Thiamin 62.3 +/- 20.8, riboflavin 69.8 +/- 20.9, vitamin B6 59.5 +/- 22.4.
A Mutant <i>Drosophila</i> Insulin Receptor Homolog That Extends Life-Span and Impairs Neuroendocrine Function (2001)

The Drosophila melanogaster gene insulin-like receptor (InR) is homologous to mammalian insulin receptors as well as to Caenorhabditis elegans daf-2, a signal transducer regulating worm dauer formation and adult longevity. We describe a heteroallelic, hypomorphic genotype of mutant InR, which yields dwarf females with up to an 85% extension of adult longevity and dwarf males with reduced late age-specific mortality. Treatment of the long-lived InR dwarfs with a juvenile hormone analog restores life expectancy toward that of wild-type controls. We conclude that juvenile hormone deficiency, which results from InR signal pathway mutation, is sufficient to extend life-span, and that in flies, insulin-like ligands nonautonomously mediate aging through retardation of growth or activation of specific endocrine tissue.
Synergic effects of the scientific cooperation in the field of materials and manufacturing engineering (2006)

Purpose: The paper emphasises the very significant role of materials selection for design and manufacturing processes of new needed products, having the highest attainable quality and performance at the optimum and possibly the lowest cost level. Design/methodology/approach: The engineering design processes cannot be set apart either from the material design, being more and more often computer-aided, or the technological design of the most suitable manufacturing processes. Findings: The attention was paid to synergic effects of the cooperation with the specialists of various branches what was a basis of the successful series of the International Scientific Conference AMME and the foundation of the World Academy of Materials and Manufacturing Engineering. Practical implications: The paper includes also the description of the world developmental trends in that area in the first decades of the 21st century. The tasks of that field of science in priority spheres of the world development are determined. Originality/value: Directions of activities of materials science and engineering ensuring the achievements of strategic aims of the developments of societies include materials design, computational materials science, advanced analytical methods, manufacturing and processing, nano-, smart and biomimetic materials are included. It is concluded that there is a humanistic mission which stands at the engineering circle, especially associated with materials and manufacturing engineering and its aim is to make products and consumer goods, deciding directly about the level and quality of human life.
A comparative computational and experimental study of chaotic mixing of viscous fluids (1990)

The objective of this work is to develop techniques to predict the results of experiments involving chaotic dispersion of passive tracers in two-dimensional low Reynolds number flows. We present the design of a flow apparatus which allows the unobstructed observation of the entire flow region. Whenever possible we compare the experimental results with those of computations. Conventional tracking of the boundaries of the tracer is inefficient and works well only for low stretches (order 10 2 at most). However, most mixing experiments involve extremely large perturbations from steady flow since this is where the best mixing occurs. The best prediction of widespread mixing and large stretching (order 10 4 –10 5 ) is provided by lineal stretching plots; surprisingly the technique also works for relatively low numbers of periods (as low as 2 or 3). The second best prediction is provided by a combination of low-order unstable manifolds – which indicate where the tracer goes, especially for short times – and the eigendirections of low-order hyperbolic periodic points – which indicate the alignment of striations in the flow. On the other hand, Poincaré sections provide only a gross picture of the spreading: they can be used primarily to detect what regions are inaccessible to the dye. Comparison of computations and experiments invariably reveals that bifurcations within islands have little impact in the mixing process.
Dendritic cells: the commanders-in-chief of mucosal immune defenses (2006)

A major focus of mucosal immunology will be to understand how diverse dendritic cell subsets cooperate in regulating homeostasis and host defense in the different intestinal immune compartments. This will be pivotal to understanding how the mucosal immune system makes the distinction between commensal microbiota, pathogens and self antigens.
Nonlinear optical response of As+-ion implanted GaAs studied using time resolved reflectivity (1996)

The transient reflectivity response of GaAs with a 2% excess As concentration (GaAs:As), prepared by As+ ion implantation, has been measured at photon energies near the band gap. Results are compared with similar measurements on implanted GaAs with a 0.01% excess As concentration, and unimplanted GaAs. For GaAs:As, the transient refractive index change Δn, is larger than, but of the opposite sign to that of unimplanted GaAs. The measured carrier lifetime of 1±0.1 ps is identical to that of low-temperature GaAs. The wavelength dependence of Δn indicates the presence of an induced absorption peak at photon energies near the band gap, which is attributed to band-gap renormalization.
Alternative Splicing in Plant Genes: A Means of Regulating the Environmental Fitness of Plants (2017)

Gene expression can be regulated through transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms. Transcription in eukaryotes produces pre-mRNA molecules, which are processed and spliced post-transcriptionally to create translatable mRNAs. More than one mRNA may be produced from a single pre-mRNA by alternative splicing (AS); thus, AS serves to diversify an organism's transcriptome and proteome. Previous studies of gene expression in plants have focused on the role of transcriptional regulation in response to environmental changes. However, recent data suggest that post-transcriptional regulation, especially AS, is necessary for plants to adapt to a changing environment. In this review, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of AS during plant development in response to environmental changes. We suggest that alternative gene splicing is a novel means of regulating the environmental fitness of plants.
Mechanism of Fumaric Acid Accumulation in <i>Rhizopus nigricans</i> (1967)

It is doubtful that the glyoxylate bypass plays a significant role in the accumulation of fumaric acid by fungi, as has been postulated. In high glucose media, which favor fumarate production, isocitrate lyase (threo-D(s) isocitrate glyoxylate lyase), which is the key enzyme of the glyoxylate bypass, is strongly repressed. The specific activity of this enzyme remains low as long as glucose is present in the medium, even though fumarate formation proceeds at a high level. In addition, the activity of isocitrate lyase is inhibited by phosphoenolpyruvate, which would be formed from glucose. Alternatively, evidence is presented that bulk accumulation of fumaric acid under aerobic conditions in high glucose media takes place through a C(3) plus C(1) carbon dioxide fixation. CO(2) fixation was measured by the direct incorporation of NaHC(14)O(3) into fumaric acid, and by demonstrating that the specific radioactivity of fumaric acid formed from uniformly labeled C(14)-glucose was decreased in the presence of nonradioactive carbonate. The extent of decrease in specific radioactivity is in accord with a C(3) plus C(1) CO(2) fixation mechanism.
A Framework for Scalable Genome Assembly on Clusters, Clouds, and Grids (2012)

Bioinformatics researchers need efficient means to process large collections of genomic sequence data. One application of interest, genome assembly, has great potential for parallelization; however, most previous attempts at parallelization require uncommon high-end hardware. This paper introduces the Scalable Assembler at Notre Dame (SAND) framework that can achieve significant speedup using large numbers of commodity machines harnessed from clusters, clouds, and grids. SAND interfaces with the Celera open-source assembly toolkit, replacing two independent sequential modules with scalable parallel alternatives: the candidate selector exploits distributed memory capacity, and the sequence aligner exploits distributed computing capacity. For large problems, these modules provide robust task and data management while also achieving speedup with high efficiency. We show results for several data sets ranging from 738 thousand to over 320 million alignments using resources ranging from a small cluster to more than a thousand nodes spanning three institutions.
Electron Bunches of Short Time Duration (1954)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation E. W. Ernst, H. VonFoerster; Electron Bunches of Short Time Duration. J. Appl. Phys. 1 May 1954; 25 (5): 674–675. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1721709 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioJournal of Applied Physics Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Solvent Production and Morphological Changes in <i>Clostridium acetobutylicum</i> (1982)

The morphological and cytological changes which occurred in Clostridium acetobutylicum P262 during the production of acetone, butanol, and ethanol in an industrial fermentation medium were identified and correlated with the growth and physiological changes. The swollen, cigar-shaped clostridial forms were involved in the conversion of acids to neutral solvents, and there was a correlation between the number of clostridial forms and the production of solvents. Sporulation mutants which were unable to form clostridial stages (cls mutants) did not produce solvents. Oligosporogenous mutants which showed reduced clostridial stage formation produced intermediate levels of solvents. Sporulation mutants blocked after the clostridial stage, which were unable to form mature spores (spo mutants), produced normal levels of solvents.
Novel design of printed monopole antenna for WLAN/WiMAX applications (2007)

In recent years, wireless communications have progressed very rapidly. Wide-band antenna and multi-band antenna designs have become very important for wireless communications. Several promising monopole antennas for WLAN and WiMax applications have been reported recently. According to the WiMax protocol, there is three bands have been allocated for WiMax application: the lower band is 2.5-2.69 GHz, the middle band is 3.3-3.8 GHz, and the higher band covers from 5.25 GHz to 5.85 GHz. In practical use of WiMax applications, the lower band and the middle band are very close to each other, which lead to cause large effects of coupling and interference. To reduce the coupling and interference between the lower and middle bands, filters must be attached to the antenna to suppress the dispensable bands. However, the cost and the overall antenna size are increased due to the attached filters. In this paper, a CPW-fed printed monopole antenna for dual-band operation of 2.3-4.15 GHz and 4.93-5.83 GHz are proposed. Furthermore, by etching a pair of slits on the proposed monopole antenna, band rejection of frequency range from 2.93 GHz to 3.12 GHz can be achieved. Results show that, this novel design of CPW-fed monopole antenna is suitable for both WLAN and WiMax applications.
Uracil-DNA glycosylase-deficient yeast exhibit a mitochondrial mutator phenotype (2001)

Mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been reported in cancer and are involved in the pathogenesis of many mitochondrial diseases. Uracil-DNA glycosylase, encoded by the UNG1 gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, repairs uracil in DNA formed due to deamination of cytosine. Our study demonstrates that inactivation of the UNG1 gene leads to at least a 3-fold increased frequency of mutations in mtDNA compared with the wild-type. Using a Ung1p-green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion construct, we demonstrate that yeast yUng1-GFP protein localizes to both mitochondria and the nucleus, indicating that Ung1p must contain both a mitochondrial localization signal (MLS) and a nuclear localization signal. Our study reveals that the first 16 amino acids at the N-terminus contain the yUng1p MLS. Deletion of 16 amino acids resulted in the yUng1p-GFP fusion protein being transported to the nucleus. We also investigated the intracellular localization of human hUng1p-GFP in yeast. Our data indicate that hUng1p-GFP predominantly localizes to the mitochondria. Further analysis identified the N-terminal 16 amino acids as important for localization of hUng1 protein into the mitochondria. Expression of both yeast and human UNG1 cDNA suppressed the frequency of mitochondrial mutation in UNG1-deficient cells. However, expression of yUNG1 in wild-type cells increased the frequency of mutations in mtDNA, suggesting that elevated expression of Ung1p is mutagenic. An increase in the frequency of mitochondrial mutants was also observed when hUNG1 site-directed mutants (Y147C and Y147S) were expressed in mitochondria. Our study suggests that deamination of cytosine is a frequent event in S.cerevisiae mitochondria and both yeast and human Ung1p repairs deaminated cytosine in mitochondria.
Standardizing chromatin research: a simple and universal method for ChIP-seq (2015)

Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by next generation sequencing (ChIP-seq) is a key technique in chromatin research. Although heavily applied, existing ChIP-seq protocols are often highly fine-tuned workflows, optimized for specific experimental requirements. Especially the initial steps of ChIP-seq, particularly chromatin shearing, are deemed to be exceedingly cell-type-specific, thus impeding any protocol standardization efforts. Here we demonstrate that harmonization of ChIP-seq workflows across cell types and conditions is possible when obtaining chromatin from properly isolated nuclei. We established an ultrasound-based nuclei extraction method (NEXSON: Nuclei EXtraction by SONication) that is highly effective across various organisms, cell types and cell numbers. The described method has the potential to replace complex cell-type-specific, but largely ineffective, nuclei isolation protocols. By including NEXSON in ChIP-seq workflows, we completely eliminate the need for extensive optimization and sample-dependent adjustments. Apart from this significant simplification, our approach also provides the basis for a fully standardized ChIP-seq and yields highly reproducible transcription factor and histone modifications maps for a wide range of different cell types. Even small cell numbers (∼10,000 cells per ChIP) can be easily processed without application of modified chromatin or library preparation protocols.
Stem cell factor and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor reduce β-amyloid deposits in the brains of APP/PS1 transgenic mice (2011)

These data suggest that bone marrow-derived microglia play a role in SCF+G-CSF-induced long-term effects to reduce β-amyloid deposits. This study provides insights into the contribution of the hematopoeitic growth factors, SCF and G-CSF, to limit β-amyloid accumulation in AD and may offer a new therapeutic approach for AD.
Encryption of Computer Peripheral Devices (2006)

BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY GRADUATE COMMITTEE APPROVAL Of a thesis submitted by Kelly R. Norman This thesis has been read by each member of the following graduate committee and by majority vote has been found to be satisfactory.
The Old Stone Jug transformed (1985)

The old two-storey house at the intersection of Allen Street and Gipps Road has been a Mount Keira landmark for as long as anyone now living can remember.The land on which it stands was part of 1,000 acres (Portion 7, Parish of Wollongong) promised by Sir Thomas Brisbane in 1825 to James Stares Spearing, one of the most enterprising and versatile of lllawarra pioneers.Spearing was also promised a further 1,000 acres adjoining, and his wife Harriet was promised 1,800 acres -an irregular block extending as far north as Bellambi.As the custom was, the Spearings moved in and built their home (near the present site of the Mormon Church) without waiting for the actual grant.The estate, in the Spearing[ time known as Paulsgrove, was sold in 1835 to Lieut.-
A prosodic theory of nonconcatenative morphology (1981)

A Prosodic Theory of Nonconcatenative Morphology Most structuralist accounts of morphological structure overtly or implicitly make a distinction between two formal morphological types.Concatenative morphology, which in the more familiar languages appears almost exclusively, involves prefixation or suffixation only.Thus, morphemes are discrete elements linearly concatenated at the right or the left end of the base of the morphological operation.Morphology of this type is subject to analysis by a relatively simple discovery procedure.Given an adequate phonological representation, concatenative morphemes can be recovered by a left-to-right (or right-to-left) parse of words searching for invariant recurrent partial strings, possibly with constant meaning or function (Hockett (1947)).The other type, nonconcatenative morphology, has remained rather more mysterious until now.Generally, in structuralist treatments we find only a list of the residue, those morphological operations that cannot be analyzed by the method of recurrent partials.These include reduplication, infixation, morphologically-governed ablaut, and suprafixation.All of these terms are in common use except the last, which refers to, for example, the variation in tonal pattern of the stem as a mark of verbal aspect inflection in Tiv (McCawley (1970), Goldsmith (1976)).Although nonconcatenative morphology as a whole has received less attention than concatenative, this is not for lack of exemplification.In a number of languages, processes like reduplication are the primary or sole morphological operations.This residual status accorded nonconcatenative morphology in structuralist analyses extends to generative theories as well.All generative treatments known to me have relied entirely on the extremely rich transformational notation of Chomsky and Halle (1968).What is offered here instead is a new theory of nonconcatenative morphology, one which owes a great deal to Harris's (1941; 1951) notion of long components.It is a prosodic theory in the sense that it uses the devices of autosegmental phonology, This article is a revised version of portions of chapter 4 of McCarthy (1979).Some of the material in section 3.
Preliminary study of the tryptase levels in the synovial fluid of patients with inflammatory arthritis. (1994)

This study examined levels of tryptase, a specific mast cell product, in synovial fluid. Samples of synovial fluid from eight patients with rheumatoid arthritis and ten with other arthritides were measured in solid-phase immunoradiometric assays. Elevated concentrations of tryptase were present in samples from three patients with rheumatoid arthritis, one with psoriasis, and one with Reiter's syndrome. The data support the theory that mast cell activation is involved in the pathogenesis in some inflammatory joint diseases, but activation does not appear to be disease specific.
A review of AC choppers (2010)

AC choppers are a family of ac-to-ac power converters that can be derived from the traditional dc-to-dc converters. Research activity in this kind of converter has recently increased in applications for power conditioning—such as voltage control in the distribution system and power flow control in the transmission system—as an alternative for the dc-link approach compensators based on voltage source converters. The control is simpler and the power rating of the devices is smaller for compensators with the same power rating; the main drawback is they cannot control the output-voltage frequency as the matrix converter. This paper presents a state-of-the-art review on the development of ac-choppers. The principle of operation is explained by using the six switches three-phase buck converter as an example. The main applications used in power conditioning and power flow control are introduced along with emerging topologies.