gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of 2‐Deoxy‐<scp>d</scp>‐glucose on the Cell‐Surface Glycoproteins of Hamster Fibroblasts (1977)

1. Growth of baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells in medium containing 2-deoxy-D-glucose is retarded in direct proportion of the 2-deoxyglucose concentration. The severity of the effect is reduced in medium containing high relative concentrations of glucose. 2. 2-Deoxyglucose inhibits the incorporation of radioactivity from mannose, galactose, glucosamine, fucose and N-acetylmannosamine precursors into acid-insoluble cellular material. Incorporation of radioactively labelled leucine into protein is not affected by 2-deoxyglucose. 3. BHK cells grown in the presence of 2-deoxyglucose become less sensitive to the toxic action of certain plant lectins, ricin of Ricinus communis and Phaseolus vulgaris phytohaemagglutinin, which bind specifically to cell surface galactose and N-acetyl-galactosamine residues. By contrast, 2-deoxyglucose increased the sensitivity of BHK cells to the weak toxicity of concanavalin A, which binds to surface mannosides. Treated cells also become more agglutinable with concanavalin A. 4. Cell surface glycoprotein labelled by lactoperoxidase-catalysed iodination have been examined by dodecylsulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The radio-iodinated glycoprotein prepared from cells grown in medium containing 2-deoxyglucose migrate more rapidly than glycoproteins from cells grown in the absence of inhibitor.
Interactive radio: Exploring visitor stories using a radio interface (2004)

In this paper, we describe an interactive environment designed and created within a museum context. “Re-Tracing the Past: Exploring objects, stories and mysteries” allowed visitors to explore and investigate artefacts housed within the museums permanent collection. One interactive installation within ‘ReTracing the Past’, the ‘Radio’, allows for the exploration of previously recorded visitor stories through an interface metaphor based on a 1940’s style radio – the ‘Radio’. This interface proved to be an ideal window into a continually growing repository of visitor opinions. This paper will briefly introduce the larger environment and particular museum context. We shall then focus on the Radio, looking at some of the earlier design ideas, the physical modifications, its technical implementation, and user responses to such a familiar object.
A secure and robust digital image watermarking scheme using repetition codes for copyright protection (2014)

Digital Image Watermarking is used to hide the copyrighted information as a watermark inside a Digital image, to identify the ownership. In this paper to ensure the security watermark is first encrypted by standard A5/1 algorithm. The encrypted watermark is encoded by repetition code to provide robustness against salt and pepper noise and embedded inside the cover image by modifying the least significant bit of cover image pixels. The perceptual quality of watermarked image remains almost unchanged. Normalized Correlation (NC) and Bit Error Rate (BER) are computed for performance evaluation. It is seen that for noise densities considered BER is largest and NC is least when encrypted watermark pixels are not encoded. Using (n, 1) repetition code for n=3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 BER of extracted watermark progressively decreases and NC increases for various noise densities. Further, with (13, 1) repetition code watermark can be extracted even with noise density up to 0.6, with reasonably good visual quality.
Hybrid Intrusion Forecasting Framework for Early Warning System (2008)

Recently, cyber attacks have become a serious hindrance to the stability of Internet. These attacks exploit interconnectivity of networks, propagate in an instant, and have become more sophisticated and evolutionary. Traditional Internet security systems such as firewalls, IDS and IPS are limited in terms of detecting recent cyber attacks in advance as these systems respond to Internet attacks only after the attacks inflict serious damage. In this paper, we propose a hybrid intrusion forecasting system framework for an early warning system. The proposed system utilizes three types of forecasting methods: time-series analysis, probabilistic modeling, and data mining method. By combining these methods, it is possible to take advantage of the forecasting technique of each while overcoming their drawbacks. Experimental results show that the hybrid intrusion forecasting method outperforms each of three forecasting methods.
Clinical Remission in Crohn’s Disease – Assessment Using Faecal <sup>111</sup>ln Granulocyte Excretion (1986)

The value of the Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI) in defining clinical remission in Crohn's disease has been assessed in 71 studies using a new method to quantitate gut inflammatory activity: faecal 111In-labelled granulocyte excretion. The range of faecal 111In granulocyte excretion in the irritable bowel syndrome was found to be 0.2-1.9% (mean +/- SD 0.98 +/- 0.55%) of injected dose. 63 (89%) of studies with a CDAI less than 150 and 88% of studies with a serum albumin greater than 35 g/l had faecal 111In granulocyte excretion above the upper limit found in the irritable bowel syndrome ranging from 2.4% to 40%. This study shows that the majority of patients with Crohn's disease in clinical remission have significant gut inflammatory activity. Whether treatment of this activity will alter the natural history of the disease needs prospective evaluation.
Analysis of Cummer–Schurig acoustic cloaking (2007)

This paper presents an in-depth analysis of the scattering characteristics of the Cummer–Schurig acoustic cloaking design proposed by Cummer and Schurig (2007 New J. Phys. 9 45). The analysis uses an analytical solution for orthotropic media in conjunction with approximating the radially varying properties by multiple layers of uniform shells. The analysis shows that the cloaking is effective for both planar incident waves and line sources, but not perfect for the entire computed spatial frequency range up to ka=10, where k is the wavenumber in the host medium and a is the outer radius of the cloaking shell. Furthermore, the cloaking remains effective but less perfect when the cloaked region is not rigid. For a penetrable medium in the cloaked region, the cloaking is penetrated only at the resonant frequencies.
Production of the Neuromodulator H2S by Cystathionine β-Synthase via the Condensation of Cysteine and Homocysteine (2004)

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been observed in relatively high concentrations in the mammalian brain and has been shown to act as a neuromodulator. However, there is confusion in the literature regarding the actual source of H2S production. Reactions catalyzed by the cystathionine beta-synthase enzyme (CBS) are one possible source for the production of H2S. Here we show that the CBS enzyme can efficiently produce H2S via a beta-replacement reaction in which cysteine is condensed with homocysteine to form cystathionine and H2S. The production of H2S by this reaction is at least 50 times more efficient than that produced by hydrolysis of cysteine alone via beta-elimination. Kinetic studies demonstrate that the Km and Kcat for cysteine is 3-fold higher and 2-fold lower, respectively, than that for serine. Consistent with these data, in vitro reconstitution studies show that at physiologically relevant concentrations of serine, homocysteine, and cysteine, about 5% of the cystathionine formed is from cysteine. We also show that AdoMet stimulates this H2S producing reaction but that there is no evidence for stimulation by calcium and calmodulin as reported previously. In summary, these results confirm the ability of CBS to produce H2S, but show in contrast to prior reports that the major mechanism is via beta-replacement and not cysteine hydrolysis. In addition, these studies provide a biochemical explanation for the previously inexplicable homocysteine-lowering effects of N-acetylcysteine treatments in humans.
Optimal bioconversion for compound K production from red ginseng root (C.A. Mayer) by sequential enzymatic hydrolysis and its characteristics (2021)

Abstract Compound K (CK; 20- O -β-( d -glucopyranosyl)-20(S)-protopanaxadiol) is one of the metabolites of ginsenosides contained in red ginseng (RG) and is known to have high bioavailability. This study aimed to establish the optimal conditions for enzyme treatment to convert ginsenosides from RG extract to CK, and to prove the characteristics of bioconverted red ginseng (BRG) extract. CK was not detected in unenzyme-treated RG extract, and in the single-step enzyme treatment, it was produced at less than 4.58 mg/g only in treatment group with Pyr-flo or Sumizyme AC (at 50 °C for 48 h). The highest yield of CK (14.32 mg/g) was obtained by Ultimase MFC treatment at 50 °C for 48 h after treatment with a mixture of Pyr-flo and Rapidase at 50 °C for 24 h. Total polyphenol, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and 2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity were higher in BRG than in RG ( p < 0.5). High-fat diet (HD) rat fed 1% BRG had significantly lower body weight, heart weight, fat pads (periosteal fat, epididymal fat), serum glucose levels, and hepatic triglyceride levels than those HD rat fed 1% RG ( p < 0.05). In conclusion, the sequential enzymatic bioconversion was produces higher CK in RG root extract than single-step enzyme treatment.
Storage stability and phase separation behaviour of polymer-modified bitumen : characterization and modelling (2016)

Polymer-modified bitumen (PMB) is a high-performance material for road construction and maintenance. But its storage stability and phase separation behaviour are still not sufficiently understood and need to be studied toward a more successful and sustainable application of PMB. In this thesis, the equilibrium thermodynamics and phase separation dynamics of PMB are investigated with the aim at a fundamental understanding on PMB storage stability and phase separation behaviour. The development of polymer modifiers for paving bitumen is reviewed. The phase separation process in unstable PMBs is captured by fluorescence microscopy at the storage temperature (180 °C). A coupled phase-field model of diffusion and flow is developed to simulate and predict the PMB storage stability and phase separation behaviour. The temperature dependency of PMB phase separation behaviour is modelled by introducing temperature-dependent model parameters between 140 °C and 180 °C. This model is implemented in a finite element software package and calibrated with the experimental observations of real PMBs. The results indicate that storage stability and phase separation behaviour of PMB are strongly dependent on the specific combination of the base bitumen and polymer. An unstable PMB starts to separate into two phases by diffusion, because of the poor polymer-bitumen compatibility. Once the density difference between the two phases becomes sufficiently significant, gravity starts to drive the flow of the two phases and accelerates the separation in the vertical direction. The proposed model, based on the Cahn-Hilliard equation, Flory-Huggins theory and Navier-Stokes equations, is capable of capturing the stability differences among the investigated PMBs and their distinct microstructures at different temperatures. The various material parameters of the PMBs determine the differences in the phase separation behaviour in terms of stability and temperature dependency. The developed model is able to simulate and explain the resulting differences due to the material parameters. The outcome of this study may thus assist in future efforts of ensuring storage stability and sustainable application of PMB.
Tuberculosis in wildfowl--Tuberculosis in a Wigeon and a Shelduck from Britain (1958)

Tuberculosis in a Wigeon and a Shelduck from Britain by
Effect of cigarette smoking on levels of bioavailable testosterone in healthy men (2001)

The effect of smoking on androgen levels is important given the recent interest in the link between low levels of androgens and the development of cardiovascular disease. Numerous studies examining the effects of cigarette smoking on the levels of total and free testosterone have reported conflicting findings, but there has been no accurate assessment of the effects of cigarette smoking on the levels of bioavailable testosterone [not bound to sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG)]. We attempted to determine whether smoking affects the level of bioavailable testosterone. We undertook a case-control study of 25 healthy male smokers and 25 healthy never-smokers, matched by age and body mass index. Early morning levels of total, free and bioavailable testosterone, 17β-oestradiol, SHBG and cotinine were determined and compared between the two groups. Levels of total (18.5 ± 4.6 ± nM versus 15.1 ± 4.9 ± nM, P = 0.01) and free testosterone (462 ± 91 ± pM versus 402 ± 93 ± pM, P = 0.03) were found to be higher in smokers compared with non-smokers respectively, as was SHBG (34.1 ± 12.8 versus 28.1 ± 9.0 ± nM, P = 0.06). There were no significant differences in the levels of bioavailable testosterone (3.78 ± 1.59 versus 3.51 ± 1.26 ± nM, P = 0.49) or 17β-oestradiol (44.5 ± 11.4 versus 42.3 ± 11.5 ± pM, P = 0.50) between smokers and non-smokers respectively. These data suggest that cigarette smoking has no significant effect on the biologically active fraction of testosterone, but may influence the levels of total and free testosterone through changes in the levels of SHBG.
A Comparative Analysis of Possibilistic Variances and Covariances of Fuzzy Numbers (2007)

In this paper, we introduce a new crisp possibilistic variance and a new crisp possibilistic covariance of fuzzy numbers, which are different from those introduced by Carlsson and Fullér. We show that the possibilistic variance and covariance preserve many properties of variance and covariance in probability theory. Furthermore, we investigate the relationship between several crisp possibilistic variances and covariances of fuzzy numbers.
Organische Fluorverbindungen, VIII Synthesen und Reaktionen neuer Fluor‐vitamin‐A‐säureester (1965)

Abstract ß‐Jonyliden‐acetaldehyd und ß‐Jonyliden‐fluoracetaldehyd werden mit isoprenoiden Fluor‐C 5 ‐phosphonsäureestern (XI) zu 12‐Fluor‐, 13′‐Fluor‐, 10.12‐Difluor‐bzw. zu 12.13′‐Difluor‐vitamin‐A‐säureestern olefiniert. Synthesen von XI, ausgehend von halogenierten, fluorsubstituierten 3‐Methyl‐crotonsäureestern, werden beschrieben. N ‐Brom‐succinimid bromiert die CH 2 F‐Gruppe des 3‐Fluormethyl‐crotonsäureesters selektiv zur CHBrF‐Gruppe.
Studies on the hydrodynamic behavior and mass transfer in a down-flow jet loop reactor with a coaxial draft tube (2001)

The effects of certain pertinent parameters such as gas and liquid flow rates and nozzle position on the behavior of a down-flow jet loop reactor (DJR) have been studied. The mean residence times of gas and liquid phases and the gas holdup within the reactor have been measured. In addition, the overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient, and the influence of the gas flow rate and the position of the nozzle inside the draft tube on the latter has been determined. Correlations have been presented for the gas holdup and kLa which take into account the length of the draft tube and the nozzle immersion height. The kLa values obtained at different power per unit volume (P/V) values in the DJR used in the present study compare favorably with data presented for stirred tanks and bubble columns in the literature. The liquid residence time distribution (RTD) within the reactor has been studied by tracer analysis for various operating conditions and nozzle immersion height and the results are indicative of the high mixing intensities that can be obtained in such reactions. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry
Efficacy of an Intranasal Delivery of an Avian-Derived Antibody Preparation Against Respiratory Pathogens in Prevention of Morbidity and Mortality of Newly Received Feedlot Cattle (2007)

NPCoat® is effective at reducing respiratory disease incidence and resulting death loss when it is a component of an integral health program for receiving feedlot cattle.
Xylitol, sweeteners, and dental caries. (2006)

The purpose of this report was to provide an overview of xylitol and other polyol sweeteners and dental caries for clinicians and to discuss current applications for dental practice and potential community-based public health interventions. Xylitol, like other polyol sweeteners, is a naturally occurring sugar alcohol. Studies suggest polyols are noncariogenic. Furthermore, studies indicate that xylitol can decrease mutans streptococci levels in plaque and saliva and can reduce dental caries in young children, mothers, and in children via their mothers. Food products containing xylitol are now available and have the potential to be widely accessible to consumers to help control rampant decay. Determining whether products contain adequate xylitol amounts for practical use towards prevention is challenging, however, because xylitol content is not clearly labeled. Sufficient evidence exists to support the use of xylitol to reduce caries. Clinicians and dental associations should push for clear recommendations of efficacious dose and frequency of xylitol use and for clear labeling of xylitol content in products to help consumers choose appropriately.
Immediate CAD/ CAM Custom Fabricated Dental Implants (2010)

Introduction: There will almost always be gaps between cylindrical or screw shaped prefabricated implant surface and funnel-shaped tooth socket when an implant is placed immediately after tooth ex- traction. Hence expensive and difficult bone grafting is required. A custom fabricated implant will be a pragmatic solution for this limita- tion. The hypothesis: First step following extraction of a tooth is data capture or scanning via a 3D scan method e.g. coordinate measur- ing machine or non-contact laser scanners such as triangulation range finder. Second step is reconstruction or modeling via editable CAD (computer-aided design) model, allowing us to add retentive holes and correction of implant angle. Third step is fabrication via CAM (computer aided manufacturing) followed by plasma cleaning process. Fourth step is insertion of the CAD/CAM custom fabricated one-stage implant in the fresh tooth socket. Optimal time for this step is 24-48 hours after extraction. The custom fabricated implant should not load 3-4 months. Usage of chlorhexidine mouth-rinse or chewing gum twice daily for 2 weeks and, in some cases oral antibiotic is recommended. Evaluation of the hypothesis: Contemporary dental implant sys- tem faced with several clinical and anatomical limitations such is low sinuses or nerve bundles. Complex and expensive surgical proce- dures such as nerve repositioning and sinus lift are frequently re- quired. With custom fabricated implant we can overcome several of these limitations because insertion of custom fabricated implant will perform before alveolar bone recession.
Observation and significance of growth inhibition of <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (A224A) by the antioestrogen drug tamoxifen (1989)

Conference Article| December 01 1989 Observation and significance of growth inhibition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (A224A) by the antioestrogen drug tamoxifen HELEN WISEMAN; HELEN WISEMAN 1Department of Biochemistry, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar MICHAEL CANNON; MICHAEL CANNON 1Department of Biochemistry, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar HENRY R. V. ARNSTEIN HENRY R. V. ARNSTEIN 1Department of Biochemistry, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1989) 17 (6): 1038–1039. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0171038 Article history Received: June 09 1989 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation HELEN WISEMAN, MICHAEL CANNON, HENRY R. V. ARNSTEIN; Observation and significance of growth inhibition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (A224A) by the antioestrogen drug tamoxifen. Biochem Soc Trans 1 December 1989; 17 (6): 1038–1039. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0171038 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: YEPD, medium [1% (w/v) yeast extract, 2% (w/v) Bacto-Peptone and 2% (w/v) glucose], EBP, oestrogen-binding protein This content is only available as a PDF. © 1989 Biochemical Society1989 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
'NZ Election'. 6 November, 2008. (2008)

Shows a tiny anxious kiwi standing beside an election box bearing the words 'NZ Election'. In front of him are an enormous pair of legs wearing trousers striped like the American flag. This Uncle Sam figure whose upper body is not in the image represents the American election, won by Democrat Barack Obama. Uncle Sam casts an enormous shadow that puts the little kiwi in the shade and that represents the rather insignificant impact the New Zealand election has on the world when compared with the American election. 
Quantity: 1 digital cartoon(s).
Laser crosslink subsystem: an overview (1992)

The Laser Crosslink Subsystem (LCS) is a full duplex laser communications terminal in production at McDonnell Douglas Electronics Systems Company. The LCS will provide a data crosslink for geosynchronous satellites. This paper provides an overview of the system design and major elements followed by a brief program history. One LCS is installed on each satellite. The system utilizes a solid state diode pumped Neodymium YAG laser and direct pulse detection to provide 1.28 Mbps data transmission in one direction on the link and 4 Kbps in the other. A single eight inch gimballed telescope provides both the transmit and receive antenna function. After autonomously acquiring, the 200 Hz bandwidth fine tracking system maintains pointing of the 10 microrad optical beam. The LCS began development in 1981. Since then, each of its assemblies has completed-flight qualification testing. The first integrated production unit successfully completed environmental and performance qualification testing in 1990.
Preformulation studies of myricetin: a natural antioxidant flavonoid. (2014)

Myricetin is a natural flavonoid which has attracted great interest due to its antioxidant and free-radical scavenging activities. Unfortunately, physicochemical properties of myricetin are largely unknown so far and this would impair the design and development of myricetin formulations. In this paper, a series of studies were performed to investigate physicochemical properties of myricetin, such as its solubility in aqueous/organic solvents, aqueous solubility with different solubilizers, buffers and pHs, dissociation constant (pKa), partition coefficients of log P and log D at various pHs, intrinsic dissolution rate (IDR), and its stability at different temperatures and pHs. The results demonstrated that myricetin is a lipophilic compound with low water solubility but higher solubility in organic solvents or use of solubilizers. Myricetin is also a weak acidic compound with a pKa of 6.63 +/- 0.09, low IDR of 11.66 +/- 0.82 microg/min/cm2 at 37 degrees C. It is most stable at a pH of 2.0 and the degradation of myricetin is both temperature and pH dependent. Therefore, enhancement of the aqueous solubility and dissolution rate of myricetin and prevention from its rapid degradation at high pH and temperature should be considered for further formulation development of myricetin. In summary, these data will be used as rational support to create an efficacious formulation for the delivery of myricetin.