gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Decoding quantum Tanner codes (2022)

We introduce sequential and parallel decoders for quantum Tanner codes. When the Tanner code construction is applied to a sufficiently expanding square complex with robust local codes, we obtain a family of asymptotically good quantum low-density parity-check codes. In this case, our decoders provably correct arbitrary errors of weight linear in the code length, respectively in linear or logarithmic time. The same decoders are easily adapted to the expander lifted product codes of Panteleev and Kalachev. Along the way, we exploit recently established bounds on the robustness of random tensor codes to give a tighter bound on the minimum distance of quantum Tanner codes.
Atrial Natriuretic Factor in Central Cardiovascular Control (1993)

A complete atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) synthetic, processing, and effector system is found in rat brain. ANF in critical brain regions, including anterior hypothalamic area and nucleus tractus solitarii, contributes importantly to the tonic control of blood pressure, sympathetic outflow, and baroreceptor reflex sensitivity in the spontaneously hypertensive rat.
A conjugate of pyridine-4-aldoxime and atropine as a potential antidote against organophosphorus compounds poisoning. (2011)

A conjugate of pyridine-4-aldoxime and atropine (ATR-4-OX) was synthesized and its antidotal efficiency was tested in vitro on tabun- or paraoxon-inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) of human erythrocytes as well as in vivo using soman-, tabun- or paraoxon-poisoned mice. Its genotoxic profile was assessed on human lymphocytes in vitro and was found acceptable for further research. ATR-4-OX showed very weak antidotal activity, inadequate for soman or tabun poisoning. Conversely, it was effective against paraoxon poisoning both in vitro and in vivo. All animals treated with 5 % or 25 % LD(50) doses of the new oxime survived after administration of 10.0 or 16.0 LD(50) doses of paraoxon, respectively. Based on the persistence of toxicity symptoms in mice, the atropine moiety had questionable effects in attenuating such symptoms. It appears that ATR-4-OX has a therapeutic effect related to the reactivation of phosphylated AChE, but not to receptor antagonization.
ChemInform Abstract: LOW TEMPERATURE PROTONATION OF CYCLO‐OCTA‐1,5‐DIENE‐(DUROQUINONE)NICKEL(0) (1974)

Abstract Bei ‐100°C erhält man aus dem Nickel‐Komplex (I) in einem 1:3‐Gemisch aus HSO 3 und SO 2 ClF die diprotonierte Form (II).
An energy-level perspective of bias temperature instability (2008)

Many recent publications discussing the stress and recovery behavior of bias temperature instability (BTI) have suggested the existence of two components contributing to the phenomenon. One of these components was found to be quickly relaxing while the other was only slowly relaxing or even permanent. Curiously, although the most likely suggested mechanisms are the generation of interface states and the capture of holes into pre-existing traps, there is no agreement on which mechanism corresponds to which component and both possibilities have been suggested. Alternatively, other groups have suggested evidence that BTI is dominated by a single mechanism, and used the reaction-diffusion (RD) model to describe the degradation. However, RD theory cannot explain the recovery and related intricacies of the phenomenon. We present a new modeling framework based on the various possible energetic configurations of the system and tentatively assign these levels to the hydrogen binding/transport levels in an amorphous oxide. We investigate the possibility that the often observed recoverable and permanent components are in fact two facets of a single degradation mechanism proceeding as a series of steps. We finally subject the model to various experimental data (DC, AC, duty-factor, negative and positive stress, mixed stresses) which are all well reproduced by the model.
The GPU Enhanced Parallel Computing for Large Scale Data Clustering (2011)

Analyzing and clustering large scale data set is a complex problem. One explored method of solving this problem borrows from nature, imitating the flocking behavior of birds. One limitation of this method of data clustering is its complexity O(n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ). As the number of data and feature dimensions grows, it becomes increasingly difficult to generate results in a reasonable amount of time. In the last few years, the graphics processing unit (GPU) has received attention for its ability to solve highly-parallel and semi-parallel problems much faster than the traditional sequential processor. In this chapter, we have conducted research to exploit this architecture and apply its strengths to the flocking based data clustering problem. Using the CUDA platform from NVIDIA, we developed a Multiple Species Data Flocking implementation to be run on the NVIDIA GPU. Performance gains ranged from 30 to 60 times improvement of the GPU over the CPU implementation.
Long-term outcome of extratemporal resection in posttraumatic epilepsy (2012)

Many patients with extratemporal PTE can achieve good to excellent seizure control with epilepsy surgery. The risks of complications are acceptably low. Patients with focal encephalomalacia on MRI generally do well. Excellent outcomes can be achieved when extratemporal resection is guided by intracranial EEG electrodes defining the extent of resection.
Pharmacokinetics and distribution of minocycline in mature horses after oral administration of multiple doses and comparison with minimum inhibitory concentrations (2011)

This study supports the use of orally administered minocycline at a dose of 4 mg/kg bwt every 12 h for the treatment of nonocular infections caused by susceptible (MIC ≤ 0.25 µg/ml) organisms in horses. Further studies are required to determine the dose that would be effective for the treatment of ocular infections.
Constraint and electronegativity effects on selenium-77-phosphorus-31 spin-spin couplings in selenophosphoryl compounds (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConstraint and electronegativity effects on selenium-77-phosphorus-31 spin-spin couplings in selenophosphoryl compoundsR. D. Kroshefsky, R. Weiss, and J. G. VerkadeCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1979, 18, 2, 469–472Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50192a059https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50192a059research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views270Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fully Enclosed Cylindrical Single-Electrode-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator (2013)

We report a fully enclosed cylindrical single-electrode-based triboelectric nanogenerator (S-TENG) consisting of a perfluoroalkoxy (PFA) ball with surface-etched nanowires, a floating latex balloon, and an Al electrode at the end of the balloon. The mechanism of the S-TENG includes two independent processes: contact-induced electrification between the PFA ball and the balloon and electrostatic induction between the charged PFA ball and the Al electrode. The relationships between the electrical outputs and the sliding distance of the PFA ball were systematically investigated by combining experimental results with finite-element calculations. The S-TENG delivers an output voltage up to 236 V and a short-circuit current of 4.8 μA, which can be used as a direct power source for driving tens of green light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The S-TENG is a potential power source for gas-flow harvesters, air navigation, and environmental monitoring.
Influence de la calcite sur l'hydratation de l'aluminate monocalcique. Corrélation entre les résultats expérimentaux et la thermodynamique du système. // Hydration of monicalcium aluminate with calcite. Relation between experimental results and the thermodynamical study of the CaO-Al2O3-CO2-H2O system (1986)

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How Far the Ion-Selectivity Should be Improved; a Task Oriented Limit of Ion-Selective Electrode Design (1993)

Abstract A simple formula is proposed for the definition and the calculation of the highest acceptable selectivity coefficient values of ion-selective electrodes. On the basis of the formula which is based on the consideration of the precision of the direct potentiometric measuring techniques one can easily decide whether the selectivity of an electrode is sufficient or not for solving a well defined analytical task correctly. On the other, hand it indicates clearly for ion-selective electrode developing teams or manufacturers how far the ion-selectivity of an electrode should be improved for a certain type of analytical application. Characteristic selectivity values for a few concrete analytical sample types are given in table together with the selectivity coefficients of the corresponding, existing ion-selective electrodes.
Effect of size and lipid composition on the pharmacokinetics of intravitreal liposomes. (1987)

We investigated the influence of size and lipid composition on the pharmacokinetic behavior of liposomes and their contents in the rabbit eye. Small and large unilamellar vesicles (SUV and LUV), prepared with and without cholesterol in the membrane, were injected intravitreally in rabbits. The vesicles were labelled with 125I and contained 51Cr-EDTA in the aqueous compartment. The mode of elimination of the vesicles from the vitreous humor is uncertain but may be via the anterior route; 51Cr-EDTA, like gentamicin, probably is eliminated by the anterior route. The rate of clearance of the lipid label appeared to be related to the size but not to the cholesterol content of the liposomes. Liposome-encapsulation prolonged the half-life of 51Cr-EDTA by up to 11-fold in the vitreous humor of normal eyes. The prolongation was greatest with cholesterol-containing vesicles, presumably because these are most stable, and was somewhat greater with large than with small vesicles. For SUV and LUV, the rate of elimination of 51Cr-EDTA from the normal eye was determined mainly by the rate of leakage from the liposomes, whereas for SUV-cholesterol and LUV-cholesterol, it was determined mainly by the rate of clearance of the liposomes themselves. Both 51Cr-EDTA and liposomes (125I label) had a shorter half-life in infected than in normal eyes. Encapsulation of 51Cr-EDTA prolonged its half-life by up to sevenfold in infected eyes; the effect was greatest with cholesterol-containing vesicles. These results suggest that both the structure of the liposome and the state of the eye may markedly affect the pharmacokinetic behavior of intravitreal liposomes.
Alendronate Modulates Osteogenesis of Human Osteoblastic Cells In Vitro (1994)

The bisphosphonates, which are carbon-substituted pyrophosphates, have been studied extensively both in vivo and in vitro to elucidate their effects on bone tissues and cells. However, because these agents were shown to have a potent inhibitory effect on bone resorption, the majority of studies have focused on only this aspect of bone metabolism. There appears to be less information regarding the direct effect of bisphosphonates on bone formation, so thus we undertook experiments to investigate the effects of bisphosphonates, especially alendronate, on the mineralization and matrix protein synthesis of human osteoblastic cells in vitro. The data show that the bisphosphonates, alendronate, etidronate and pamidronate, suppressed 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25(OH)2D3)-stimulated mineralization of human osteoblastic cells at high concentrations, while relatively lower concentrations of alendronate and etidronate potentiated mineralization of the cells in the presence of 1,25(OH)2D3. The potentiation of mineralization with alendronate was accompanied by increased synthesis of bone matrix proteins, osteocalcin and collagen, and the mRNA of pro alpha(I) collagen. These findings show that in addition to their well-known effects on bone resorption, bisphosphonates have significant and direct effects on osteogenesis in osteoblasts in vitro. The actual mechanism remains to be further investigated.
Hypokalemia Following Trauma (2002)

Frequent hypokalemia was noted immediately after trauma, and it was hypothesized that hypokalemia occurred more frequently in the more severely injured. A retrospective trauma registry and chart review was done on 546 trauma patients looking at admission potassium, a variety of lab tests related to potassium, specific injuries, hospital/ICU lengths of stay, and general patient demographics. Admission hypokalemia (K < 3.6 meq/l) was more frequent in those with closed head injuries (41.1% vs. 27.5%, P < .001) and in those who suffered spinal cord injuries (54.5% vs. 33.6%, P < .05). Hyperglycemia was more frequent with admission hypokalemia (45.2% vs. 29.7%, P < .001). Hypokalemia occurred more frequently in younger patients (28.6 vs. 37.7 y, P < .001). Also, the pediatric group, ages 5-14, had admission hypokalemia more frequently than those ages 15-59, or those ages > 59 (54.9% vs. 34.5% vs. 16.7%, P < .001). Glasgow Coma Scores (GCS) were significantly lower (12.0 vs. 13.5, P < .001) and Injury Severity Scores (ISS) were higher (17.4 vs. 13.4, P < .001), with admission hypokalemia. Additionally, hypokalemia was a positive predictor of ISS (P = .05). Hypokalemic patients more likely needed a ventilator, (26.6% vs. 16.5%, P < .01) but did not have significantly more ventilator days (P > .05). Subsequently, hypokalemic patients had longer ICU lengths of stay (LOS) (2.6 vs. 1.5 days, P < .005) and longer hospital LOS (8.5 vs. 5.6 days, P < .001). When stratified into categories of "severe": (K < 3.1 meq/l), "moderate": (K = 3.1-3.3 meq/l), and "mild": (K = 3.4-3.5 meq/l) hypokalemia, those with severe hypokalemia had significantly lower GCS (10.0 vs. 13.1, p < .05), higher serum glucose levels (167 vs. 137 mg/dl, P < .05), lower creatinine levels (.77 vs. .95 mg/dl, P < .05), and longer hospital lengths of stay (13.1 days vs. 7.6 days, P < .05 results).
The metabolism and n−6/n−3 ratio of essential fatty acids in rats: Effect of dietary arachidonic acid and a mixture of sesame lignans (sesamin and episesamin) (1998)

In this study, we examined the effect of dietary arachidonic acid (AA) and sesame lignans on the content and n-6/n-3 ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in rat liver and the concentrations of triglyceride (TG) and ketone bodies in serum. For 4 wk, rats were fed two types of dietary oils: (i) the control oil diet groups (CO and COS): soybean oil/perilla oil = 5:1, and (ii) the AA-rich oil group (AO and AOS): AA ethyl esters/palm oil/perilla oil = 2:2:1, with (COS and AOS) or without (CO and AO) 0.5% (w/w) of sesame lignans. Dietary AA and sesame lignans significantly affected hepatic PUFA metabolism. AA content and n-6/n-3 ratio in the liver were significantly increased in the AO group, despite the dietary total of n-6 PUFA being the same in all groups, while AOS diet reduced AA content and n-6/n-3 ratio to a level similar to the CO and COS groups. These results suggest that (i) dietary AA considerably affects the hepatic profile and n-6/n-3 ratio of PUFA, and (ii) dietary sesame lignans reduce AA content and n-6/n-3 ratio in the liver. In the AO group, the concentration of acetoacetate was significantly increased, but the ratio of beta-hydroxybutyrate/acetoacetate was decreased. On the other hand, the AO diet increased the concentration of TG in serum by almost twofold as compared to other groups. However, the AOS diet significantly reduced serum TG level as compared to the AO group. In addition, the AOS diet significantly increased the acetoacetate level, but reduced the beta-hydroxybutyrate/acetoacetate ratio. These results suggest that dietary sesame lignans promote ketogenesis and reduce PUFA esterification into TG. This study resulted in two findings: (i) sesame lignans inhibited extreme changes of the n-6/n-3 ratio by reducing hepatic PUFA content, and (ii) the reduction of hepatic PUFA content may have occurred because of the effects of sesame lignans on PUFA degradation (oxidation) and esterification.
Nanosecond Intersystem Crossing Times in Fullerene Acceptors: Implications for Organic Photovoltaic Diodes (2014)

Triplet-exciton formation through intersystem crossing of photogenerated singlet excitons in fullerene acceptors can compete with charge generation in organic photovoltaic diodes. This article reports the intersystem crossing timescale (τISC ) of the most commonly used fullerene acceptors, PC60 BM and PC70 BM, in solutions and in spin-coated films. These times are on the nanosecond timescale, and are longer than the characteristic times for charge generation (τd ).
Guanfacine for the treatment of cognitive disorders: a century of discoveries at Yale. (2012)

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is among the most evolved brain regions, contributing to our highest order cognitive abilities. It regulates behavior, thought, and emotion using working memory. Many cognitive disorders involve impairments of the PFC. A century of discoveries at Yale Medical School has revealed the neurobiology of PFC cognitive functions, as well as the molecular needs of these circuits. This work has led to the identification of therapeutic targets to treat cognitive disorders. Recent research has found that the noradrenergic α2A agonist guanfacine can improve PFC function by strengthening PFC network connections via inhibition of cAMP-potassium channel signaling in postsynaptic spines. Guanfacine is now being used to treat a variety of PFC cognitive disorders, including Tourette's Syndrome and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). This article reviews the history of Yale discoveries on the neurobiology of PFC working memory function and the identification of guanfacine for treating cognitive disorders.
Cell cycle regulatory roles of ER-alpha in breast cancer (2005)

1273 The roles of estrogen and estrogen receptor (ER) in normal mammary gland development and in transformation to a tumor phenotype have been extensively studied. However, although the cumulative data suggests an important role for ER in breast cancer, the function of ER in regulating cell proliferation in normal and tumor tissue remains unclear. This study investigates the role of ER-alpha on the progression of the cells through phases of the cell cycle in the presence and absence of the ligand (i.e. estradiol). Experimental Design: The ER negative MDA-MB 231 and ER positive MCF-7 cell lines were used for study. Cells were synchronized with lovastatin for 36 hours in estrogen free media and subsequently released from arrest with mevalonate. Transient transfection of MDA MB 231 cells with ER-alpha as well as addition of 17-b estradiol to the cells were done at the time of release from cell cycle arrest. Cells were harvested at different time points (0-68 hrs) after the release and processed for western blot and flow cytometry analysis. Results: In MCF-7 cells, the endogenous ER is subject to cell cycle regulation with its levels peaking at the S/G2 phase of the cell cycle. Similarly, MDA-MB231 cells transiently transfected with ER-alpha demonstrate tight cell cycle periodicity similar to that seen with cyclin B. Specifically, ER-alpha is up-regulated during late S phase and early G2 phase, and is down regulated during late G2 and M phase. In contrast, in non-synchronized MDA-MB 231 cells, exogenously transfected, ER levels first appear within only 12 hours of transfection, and its expression persists for several days. Additionally when 17-b estradiol is added to synchronized populations of MCF-7 cells (endogenous ER expression) or MDA-MB231 cells (exogenous ER expression), there is a shortening of the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. Our results collectively show that unliganded ER inhibits cell cycle progression during G2 and M phase in breast cancer cells, which may explain the growth inhibitory role of ER reported in the literature while liganded ER speed up the exit from G2/M phase of the cell cycle Conclusion: We conclude that the ER-alpha expression under non-liganded and liganded conditions have opposing effects on the progression of the cell cycle in G2/M phase.
Coherence, Correlations, and Collisions: What One Learns about Bose-Einstein Condensates from Their Decay (1997)

We have used three-body recombination rates as a sensitive probe of the statistical correlations between atoms in Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) and in ultracold noncondensed dilute atomic gases. We infer that density fluctuations are suppressed in the BEC samples. We measured the three-body recombination rate constants for condensates and cold noncondensates from number loss in the ${F\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}1,m}_{f}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\ensuremath{-}1$ hyperfine state of ${}^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$. The ratio of these is $7.4(2.6)$ which agrees with the theoretical factor of $3!$ and demonstrates that condensate atoms are less bunched than noncondensate atoms.
Can the Human Neonate Mount an Endocrine and Metabolic Response to Surgery? (1985)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Jul 1985Can the Human Neonate Mount an Endocrine and Metabolic Response to Surgery? K.J.S. Anand, M.J. Brown, R.C. Causon, N.D. Christofides, S.R. Bloom, and A. Aynsley-Green K.J.S. AnandK.J.S. Anand More articles by this author , M.J. BrownM.J. Brown More articles by this author , R.C. CausonR.C. Causon More articles by this author , N.D. ChristofidesN.D. Christofides More articles by this author , S.R. BloomS.R. Bloom More articles by this author , and A. Aynsley-GreenA. Aynsley-Green More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)47079-0AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Can the Human Neonate Mount an Endocrine and Metabolic Response to Surgery?." The Journal of Urology, 134(1), p. 210 © 1985 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 134Issue 1July 1985Page: 210 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1985 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information K.J.S. Anand More articles by this author M.J. Brown More articles by this author R.C. Causon More articles by this author N.D. Christofides More articles by this author S.R. Bloom More articles by this author A. Aynsley-Green More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Replication of <i>Nosema Algerae</i> In Three Insect Cell Lines (1980)

SYNOPSIS Nosema algerae , a microsporidan parasite of anopheline mosquitoes, was successfully replicated in 3 insect cell culture lines: Trichoplusia ni (TN‐368); Heliothis zea (IPLB‐1075); and Mamestra brassicae (IZD‐Mb‐0503). Infectious spores were produced in vitro. Spores were observed at 48 h postinfection, and some cells were filled with sproes by 72 h. The number of parasites per cell increased with time. At 72 h postinfection, the infection rates for the 3 cell lines ranged from 23 to 32%. Infected cell lines were subcultured, and by the 6th passage spore production had ceased.