gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of Viscosity and Two Phase Liquid–Gas Fluids on the Performance of Multi-Stage Centrifugal Pumps (2010)

The paper reports on developmental research on the effects of viscosity and two phases, liquid–gas fluids on ESPs which are multi stage centrifugal pumps for deep bore holes. The test facility work was performed using pumps with ten or more stages moving fluids with viscosity from 2 to 2500 cP at various speed, intake pressure and Gas Void Fractions (GVF). For safety considerations the injected gas was restricted to nitrogen or air. The results are a series of curves representing the performance degradation of the pump. Note that in some cases the pump performances actually improved with increasing viscosity. The resulting information will allow a better understanding and more accurate prediction of performance than has been previously available. The data indicates a significant difference in performance correction when compared to the information available from the Hydraulics Institute.
Survey of superconductive materials and critical evaluation of selected properties (1976)

This publication includes all data on superconductive materials intercepted through March 1975. Data on the bulk elements have been critically evaluated, and values on alloys, compounds, and other forms have been selected and condensed to indicate the probable value and spread of values observed. Proven non-superconductors have been noted. Conflict in data values has been noted. All data have been keyed to the literature in one or more of the tables. Special subdivisions are presented for superconductive materials with organic constituents and for those based on semiconductive materials. The properties presented are superconductive critical temperature, critical magnetic fields, material state and composition including crystal-structure type where noted, a key to thin-film forms, and the presence of thermodynamic data (generally the electronic specific heat, γ, and Debye ϑ). High-magnetic-field superconductors are noted with listing of Hc1, Hc, Hc2, and Hc3 plus the temperature of observation Tobs.
Suppression of Fusarium Crown and Root Rot of Asparagus with Sodium Chloride (1992)

The application of sodium chloride on asparagus beds, an old practice that has been abandoned, suppressed Fusarium crown and root rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum and F. proliferatum. Spring applications of NaCl (560-1, 120 kg/ha) suppressed the disease under various field conditions and were superior to KCl, KNO 3 , NH 4 NO 3 , or Ca(NO 3 ) 2 in retarding asparagus decline and increasing marketable yields (...)
Negative-tone cycloolefin photoresist for 193-nm lithography (2001)

The chemistry of acid-catalyzed dehydration reaction and followed by crosslinking of the tert-alcohol group in the cycloolefin photoresists was used to tailor the performance of the photoresists for 193nm lithography. A radiation- sensitive photoacid generator (PAG) in this chemically amplified photoresist (CAMP) can change the polarity of the exposed area of the resist and exhibit a negative-tone behavior. The cycloolefin resists are synthesized by the free radical copolymerization of alicyclic monomer and maleic anhydride, and/or by the cationic polymerization of alicyclic monomer via Pd catalyst followed by the attaching of tert-alcohol group in to the resist. The side reaction of cycloolefin copolymer was observed at the temperature below the post exposure baking (PEB) temperature, but this problem can be eliminated by the introduction of isobornyl methacrylate into the polymer. The lithographic performance of the resists was investigated by using isopropyl alcohol as a developer under various processing conditions. The results demonstrate that these resists are the promising candidates for being used in 193nm lithography.
Direct kinematic solution of a Stewart platform (2003)

The Stewart platform is a fully parallel, six-degree-of-freedom manipulator mechanism. A solution of the direct kinematics problem for the Stewart platform is presented for the case in which the six limbs form three concurrent pairs at either the base or the hand member. The solution is shown to be reducible to a 24th-order polynomial equation in tan( phi /sub r//2). It is also shown that, for a given set of link lengths, the Stewart platform can be assembled in 24 different configurations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Attenuation and Delay Equalizers for Coaxial Lines (1949)

This paper describes the theoretical and practical aspects of a series of attenuation and delay equalizers developed for the L-1 coaxial system. Attention is focused on the adjustable attenuation equalizers and the delay equalizers. An indication is given of the precision required in manufacture in order to meet the close tolerances of television or long telephone circuits.
Concept of a solid-state drift chamber (1983)

The operation of a solid state drift chamber is described, and its use in a high rate, high multiplicity environment is discussed. The Solid State Drift Chamber (SSDCH) is a thin wafer of a high purity n-type silicon (few cm/sup 2/ x a few hundreds ..mu..m thick) with a single small-area, small-capacitance anode readout. The drift voltage is supplied to an array of drift electrodes on both sides of the wafer to produce a uniform drift field parallel to the surface of the wafer and to ensure the complete depletion of the wafer. (WHK)
Dental caries vaccines: science and status. (1994)

Dental caries, caused by the etiologic agent Streptococcus mutans, is considered the most common human infectious disease. Development of a vaccine has been under investigation for more than 25 years. Possible approaches include immunizing patients using an oral vaccine containing components of the causative bacterium and by intramuscular injection. Although both approaches have proved promising, several considerations have delayed further development of a vaccine. This article reviews the scientific results and status of the various vaccines.
Physiological and morphological identification of horizontal, bipolar and amacrine cells in goldfish retina (1970)

1. Intracellular recordings were made from various types of cells in the isolated goldfish retina, and Procion Yellow was injected from the recording pipette in order to identify histologically the structure recorded. The dye diffused and stained the cell body and processes down to the fine branches.2. S-potentials were identified as coming from the external horizontal cells and from the internal horizontal cells. Both L- and C-type S-potentials were found in both regions, and no histological differences were seen in cells giving these two types of responses. S-potentials recorded from the external horizontal cells showed less spatial summation than those recorded from the internal horizontal cells.3. Bipolar cell responses consisted of sustained potentials associated with an antagonistic centre-surround type receptive field (on-centre, off-surround or vice versa). Spike activity was not observed in bipolar cells.4. Amacrine cells responded with transient depolarization both at the beginning and at the end of illumination. They sometimes showed spike activity. The amplitude of on- and off-depolarization showed slight dependence on stimulus geometry but a distinct centre-surround organization was not observed.
A PSO-GA method to solve a partial shipment and scheduling problem (2010)

The partial shipment in an inbound transportation process is considered in this paper, in which a given collection of components from a list must be delivered from several possible providers (origins) to one plant (destination). The partial shipment and scheduling problem can be reduced to a vehicle routing problem (VRP) with a variable size fleet of trucks. Based on actual logistics data and business process, a new optimization objective is defined in this paper. A genetic algorithm (GA) with a particle swarm optimization (PSO) operator is proposed to solve the optimization problem. Finally, a series of numerical quantifications are analyzed to illustrate the advantages of the proposed algorithm.
Anglais de gestion, lexiques et commentaires : critique et réflexions sur le livre de Maud Tixier, Dictionnaire américain-anglais-français du management (1986)

Le livre de Maud Tixier, qui se révélera certainement un bon outil de travail pour les enseignants et étudiants, cherche à répondre aux nombreuses questions d'ordre linguistique que se posent les utilisateurs de l'anglais en tant que langue internationale des affaires. Il ne s'agit pas d'un dictionnaire au sens classique : composé de dix chapitres couvrant l'ensemble des spécialités de gestion, il est organisé autour de dix lexiques suivis de renseignements et de commentaires divers. Néanmoins, l'absence d'un Index Général est le défaut majeur d'une telle organisation, qui ne facilite pas la recherche d'un mot donné. Le titre peut être critiqué pour plusieurs raisons : d'abord, pour l'emploi ambigu du mot "dictionnaire", ensuite pour l'utilisation du terme anglais "management" à la place du français "gestion", puis pour sa nature apparemment trilingue qui semble suggérer que les Américains ne parlent pas anglais.
[In vitro and in vivo evaluation of the safety of Ad-RA538]. (1999)

Ad-RA538 is safe both in vivo and in vitro, and clinical trials of Ad-RA538 can be performed.
Macromolecular exchanges between the nucleus and cytoplasm (1998)

The control of transcription and translation is of fundamental importance in cell biology. In this regard, the nuclear envelope is in a unique position to contribute to the regulation of these events, by directing macromolecular exchanges between the nucleus and cytoplasm. Such exchanges occur through the nuclear pore complexes, mainly by signal-mediated processes. Different signals are required for import and export. Specific cytoplasmic or nuclear receptors initially bind the signal-containing substrate, and the complex subsequently interacts with the pores. Additional factors then assist in translocation across the envelope. Current research is focused mainly on further characterization of transport receptors, translocation factors, as well as components of the nuclear pore complex, i.e., the nucleoporins. The ultimate goal is to understand the molecular interactions that occur among the different components of the transport apparatus, the energy sources for transport, and how variations in transport capacity are generated. J. Cell. Biochem. Suppls. 30/31:214–219, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Predicting missing links and identifying spurious links via likelihood analysis (2016)

Real network data is often incomplete and noisy, where link prediction algorithms and spurious link identification algorithms can be applied. Thus far, it lacks a general method to transform network organizing mechanisms to link prediction algorithms. Here we use an algorithmic framework where a network's probability is calculated according to a predefined structural Hamiltonian that takes into account the network organizing principles, and a non-observed link is scored by the conditional probability of adding the link to the observed network. Extensive numerical simulations show that the proposed algorithm has remarkably higher accuracy than the state-of-the-art methods in uncovering missing links and identifying spurious links in many complex biological and social networks. Such method also finds applications in exploring the underlying network evolutionary mechanisms.
Factors associated with nonunion in conservatively-treated type-II fractures of the odontoid process (2004)

In type-II fractures of the odontoid process, the treatment is either conservative in a halo vest or primary surgical stabilisation. Since nonunion, requiring prolonged immobilisation or late surgery, is common in patients treated in a halo vest, the identification of those in whom this treatment is likely to fail is important. We reviewed the data of 69 patients with acute type-II fractures of the odontoid process treated in a halo vest. The mean follow-up was 12 months. Conservative treatment was successful, resulting in bony union in 32 (46%) patients. Anterior dislocation, gender and age were unrelated to nonunion. However, nonunion did correlate with a fracture gap (> 1 mm), posterior displacement (> 5 mm), delayed start of treatment (> 4 days) and posterior redisplacement (> 2 mm). We conclude that patients presenting with these risk factors are unlikely to achieve bony union by treatment in a halo vest. They deserve careful attention during the follow-up period and should also be considered as candidates for primary surgical stabilisation.
Alterations in gingival dimensions following rapid canine retraction using dentoalveolar distraction osteogenesis (2005)

The aim of this clinical prospective study was to evaluate the alterations that occurred in the gingival dimensions of canine teeth following dentoalveolar distraction (DAD) during a 12 month follow-up period.The study sample comprised 36 maxillary canines of 18 growing or adult subjects with a mean age of 16.94 years (13.08-25.58 years) at the start of treatment. Full retraction of the canines was achieved in 10.36 +/- 1.93 days (range 8-14 days) at a rate of 0.8 mm/day using a custom-made intraoral rigid tooth-borne distraction device. Before surgery (pre-DAD), immediately after removal of the device (post-DAD), and at 1, 6, and 12 months post-DAD, the plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), pocket depth (PD) and width of keratinized gingiva were recorded and the width of attached gingiva was calculated. The alterations in clinical measurements among different evaluation periods were analysed by Friedman and repeated measure ANOVA tests. There were significant differences between pre- and post-DAD for PD measurements for all sites, with the highest at the distal site. The palatal sites likewise showed significant differences at the 1, 6, and 12 month follow-up periods compared with the post-DAD period. The buccal sites showed no significant changes at any time point. The width of keratinized gingiva also showed no significant change during the follow-up period, while the width of attached gingiva was significant only between the pre- and post-DAD periods (P < 0.01). On the basis of the above findings, it could be concluded that DAD is an innovative technique with no unfavourable long-term effects on the gingival tissues of rapidly retracted canine teeth.
Disclosure of Expert Computer Simulations, 8 Computer L.J. 51 (1987) (1987)

Simulations and modeling mathematically predict how a phenomenon has or will occur based on assumptions.
IP-based design of custom field programmable network processors (2002)

A methodology was tested, based on reuse, to design ASIPs (application specific programmable processors) at ASIC cost. Criteria are defined to identify reusable semantics (noninstantiated intellectual properties) within functional specifications written in C. These are isolated as hierarchically nested, object oriented C++ behaviors. A "what-if" exploration flow brings to the optimized hw and sw sorting of every such IP inside an algorithm running on a programmable architecture. The specific architecture is modeled and taken into account by the sw and hw synthesis tools, not in the IP model. We evaluated the procedure developing a VLIW custom programmable processor, re-configurable on both hw and sw. This emulator is a prototype for fixed or programmable DSPs, and an archetype of a real-time field retargetable "class" processor, with optimum speed and power performance tuned to every new algorithm/data couple within a certain class of applications. An experiment on processing the real time code for multi-mode communication terminals is reported.
A Computational Model for Saliency Maps by Using Local Entropy (2010)

This paper presents a computational framework for saliency maps. It employs the Earth Mover's Distance based on weighted-Histogram (EMD-wH) to measure the center-surround difference, instead of the Difference-of-Gaussian (DoG) filter used by traditional models. In addition, the model employs not only the traditional features such as colors, intensity and orientation but also the local entropy which expresses the local complexity. The major advantage of combining the local entropy map is that it can detect the salient regions which are not complex regions. Also, it uses a general framework to integrate the feature dimensions instead of summing the features directly. This model considers both local and global salient information, in contrast to the existing models that consider only one or the other. Furthermore, the "large scale bias" and "central bias" hypotheses are used in this model to select the fixation locations in the saliency map of different scales. The performance of this model is assessed by comparing their saliency maps and human fixation density. The results from this model are finally compared to those from other bottom-up models for reference.
Tea Aroma (1968)

After a review of research on tea aroma components, from the beginning to up-to-date, our investigation on tea flavor is reported.We have been working on tea flavor since 1955, and identified twenty five new aroma constituents besides thirty two known compounds which had been identidied by Takei etal2) and Yamamoto etal3).Basing on these knowledges, flavor chages which occur during manufacture of green tea or black tea were pursued by quantitative analyses of fourty seven aroma components by means of gas chromatography.Also, the aroma patterns of various types of black tea including thirteen samples were compared and found that there were some correlationship according to the type of black tea.
Coverage of 802.11g WLANs in the presence of Bluetooth interference (2004)

In this paper, the co-existence issue between IEEE 802.11g wireless-local-area networks (WLANs) and Bluetooth (BT) devices is examined and the use of symbol erasures to reduce the impact of this interference source is proposed. The minimum signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) required by an 802.11g WLAN to achieve a target PER of 0.01 with the number of erasures as a parameter is examined. From these SIR values, the coverage of the WLAN access point (AP) when the wireless station (STA) is being interfered by a BT device is studied. Simulation results show that at a high operational E/sub b//N/sub 0/ = 30 dB, the WLAN's maximum coverage reduces by half as the data rate increases from 6 Mbps to 54 Mbps. The use of symbol erasures significantly enhances the coverage from 250% to 900% and from 40% to 300% when a BT device is 1 m and 10 m away from the STA, respectively. However, there is a threshold for the number of erasures beyond which further improvements in system performance are not obtained.
Alternative cell line for virus isolation (1986)

A human lung carcinoma cell line (A549) was compared with various other cell lines to determine susceptibility to viral growth. In the first phase of the study, A549 cells were compared with human embryonic kidney (HEK) and cynomolgus monkey kidney (CMK) cells for isolation of upper-respiratory disease viruses by using 1,248 throat swab specimens from basic-combat trainees. Of the 552 virus isolates, 507 were adenoviruses, 41 were polioviruses, and 4 were herpes simplex viruses (HSV). Of the isolates, 518 (93.8%) were isolated in A549 cells, 480 (87.0%) were isolated in HEK cells, and 262 (47.5%) were isolated in CMK cells (P less than 0.001). In the second phase of the study, A549 cells were compared with a human diploid fibroblast cell strain (MRC-5) and Vero monkey kidney (VMK) cells for the isolation of HSV from 1,157 specimens submitted for culture. Of the 227 HSV isolates, 210 (92.5%) were isolated in A549 cells, 202 (89.0%) were isolated in VMK cells (P greater than 0.1 for A549 versus VMK cells), and 167 (73.6%) were isolated in MRC-5 cells (P less than 0.001 for A549 versus MRC-5 cells). These results suggest that A549 cells are more susceptible to adenovirus infection and at least as susceptible to HSV infection compared with the other cell cultures evaluated. Detracting factors for the use of A549 cells were a slight loss of sensitivity to adenovirus at passage 120 and a concurrent change in the morphology of the cells. The A549 cell line proved to be an efficient, practical, and economical alternative cell system for the isolation of adenovirus and HSV in particular. Initial indications are that other clinically significant viruses may be grown in A549 cells; however, additional studies need to be performed.
The surface properties of silicas (1998)

On the Silica Edge (A. Legrand). Texture, Morphology and Fractality of Silicas (Y. Grillet, et al.). Hydroxyl Groups on Silica Surfaces (A. Burneau, et al.). Surface Characteristics of Silicas (E. Papirer, et al.). Health Effects of Silica (B. Fubini). Acknowledgements. References. Index.
The Behavior of Thiochromanone and Isothiochromanone Sulfoxides in the Schmidt Reaction: Isolation of a Novel Azide Product from Thiochromone Sulfone (1975)

The Schmidt reaction has been carried out on thiochroman-4-one 1-oxide and a number of related sulfoxides. In all cases lactam formation by attack of HN 3 on the carbonyl group of the keto sulfoxide appears to predominate, with no evidence for sulfoximine formation. The question of aryl vs. alkyl migration, as in other systems, is dependent on the degree of substitution of the alkyl group. When the Schmidt reaction was carried out upon thiochromone 1,1-dioxide two products, the lactam resulting from preferential vinyl migration and a novel α-azido sulfone resulting from 1,4-addition, were obtained.
Kepler, Galileo, the telescope and its consequences (2008)

In the beginning Copernicus' system of the world did not have empirical confirmation. In this situation, Kepler's research, as well as the astronomical observations with the telescope, invented in 1608, played a decisive role. Under the assumption of the central position of the Sun, Kepler discovered the elliptical orbital motion of the planets as a base of the computation of noticeably improved ephemerides. The first telescopic observations – Jupiter's moons, phases of Venus, sunspots, surface features of the moon, gave important arguments for Copernicus' system. Galilei was one of the first who used the telescope for astronomical research (© 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Loss of ALX4 expression in epithelial cells and adjacent stromal cells in breast cancer (2009)

These data show a distinct pattern of expression of ALX4 in the human breast relative to the murine mammary gland. Furthermore, characterisation of ALX4 in breast cancer showed that loss of ALX4 in tumours and the surrounding untransformed stroma is a basic characteristic of DCIS and IDC.
Lesions of the spine in heroin addicts. (1985)

The authors present 6 cases of spinal lesions in heroin addicts--3 infective, 3 traumatic. The striking feature about all these cases is the comparative absence of spinal symptoms. This underlines the importance of accurate and early diagnosis in these subjects.
Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of flavonoids compounds from Chenopodium hybridum L. stem with response surface methodology (2016)

Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of flavonoids compounds (FC) from the stem of Chenopodium hybridum L.(C.hybridum L.) was investigated in this paper. Significant technological parameters were screened and optimized by using Plackett-Burman (PB) design, Steepest ascent method and Box-Behnken (BB) design, respectively. A mathematical model with high correlation coefficient (R2=0.9896) was developed and showed good consistency between the experimental and predicted values. The optimum conditions for UAE were obtained by res- ponse surface methodology (RSM) as follows: volumn fraction of ethanol 76.62 %, extractive temperature 78.69°C, and liquid to solid ratio 58.43 for 30 min. Under these conditions, total flavo- noid content (TFC) of 9.4701 mg RE/100g were gained and it was closely related with predi- cted value (9.4640 mg RE/100g) and indicated the suitability of the developed model.