gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Absolute calibration of high-intensity focused transducers used in pulsed mode (1994)

Absolute calibration of high-intensity focused transducers is attempted. The difficulty with using the high-intensity focused fields in underwater applications is that at the high pressure amplitudes involved, cavitation can occur, which can destroy the reference transducer used for calibration. Reference transducers of the PVDF membrane type are expensive and cannot be sacrificially used for calibration purposes. A robust alternative to using the sacrificial reference transducer is to use an economical needle type DapcoTM transducer to pick the acoustic pulses to be calibrated. It is used to measure the relative positive and negative peak amplitude variations with increasing input voltage. [At high intensities the nonlinearities on the acoustic pulse manifest as heightened positive pressure peak accompanied by shallow negative pressure (tensile) peaks.] Additionally, a radiation force balance is used to measure the net acoustic output. Knowing the beam profile and applying a nonlinearity correction factor developed absolute magnitudes of the positive and the negative pressure peaks can be inferred for pulsed applications. It is to be noted that for cavitation studies one needs to know the peak negative pressure (the tensile component).
Chiral Amplification in Columns of Self-Assembled <i>N,N′,N″</i>-Tris((<i>S</i>)-3,7-dimethyloctyl)benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide in Dilute Solution (2000)

Abstract Remarkable control of chirality within a long and stable columnar self-assembly of N,N′,N″-Tris((S)-3,7-dimethyloctyl)benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide in dilute solution is achieved by strong, unidirectional hydrogen bonding and cooperative side-chain interactions; IR and CD-spectroscopy have been used to elucidate these features.
Adhesion of Gardnerella vaginalis to vaginal epithelial cells: variables affecting adhesion and inhibition by metronidazole. (1985)

Variables affecting the adherence of Gardnerella vaginalis to human vaginal epithelial cells were examined in vitro. Adherence depended on pH, with maximum attachment occurring between pH 5 and pH 6. Preincubation of the bacteria at 56 degrees C for 30 minutes and ultraviolet irradiation resulted in a noticeable decrease in adherence. In contrast, adherence was not altered by preincubating the epithelial cells under these conditions. Periodate oxidation of the vaginal cells caused an appreciable reduction in subsequent adherence of G vaginalis. None of the 19 single carbohydrates tested inhibited adherence completely. Metronidazole at subinhibitory concentrations for G vaginalis, appreciably reduced the adhesive capacity of G vaginalis, whereas subinhibitory concentrations of ampicillin did not.
Multilink Stent Promotes Less Platelet and Leukocyte Adhesion than a Traditional Stainless Steel Stent: An in Vitro Experimental Study (2001)

When compared with a traditional stainless steel stent, MultiLink seems to have features of improved hemocompatibility, and single antiplatelet treatment is proposed as the treatment of choice to prevent platelet deposition.
Substitution of 6a-thiathiophthens and related compounds with arenediazonium fluoroborates: rearrangement into novel heterocyclic systems (1973)

R. M. Christie, A. S. Ingram, D. H. Reid and R. G. Webster, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1973, 92 DOI: 10.1039/C39730000092
Photoswitchable gRNAs for Spatiotemporally ControlledCRISPR-Cas-Based Genomic Regulation (2020)

The recently discovered\nCRISPR-Cas gene editing system and its\nderivatives have found numerous applications in fundamental biology\nresearch and pharmaceutical sciences. The need for precise external\ncontrol over the gene editing and regulatory events has driven the\ndevelopment of inducible CRISPR-Cas systems. While most of the light-controllable\nCRISPR-Cas systems are based on protein engineering, we developed\nan alternative synthetic approach based on modification of crRNA/tracrRNA\nduplex (guide RNA or gRNA) with photocaging groups, preventing the\ngRNA from recognizing its genome target sequence until its deprotection\nis induced within seconds of illumination. This approach relies on\na straightforward solid-phase synthesis of the photocaged gRNAs, with\nsimpler purification and characterization processes in comparison\nto engineering a light-responsive protein. We have demonstrated the\nfeasibility of photocaging of gRNAs and light-mediated DNA cleavage\nupon brief exposure to light <i>in vitro</i>. We have achieved\nlight-mediated spatiotemporally resolved gene editing as well as gene\nactivation in cells, whereas photocaged gRNAs showed virtually no\ndetectable gene editing or activation in the absence of light irradiation.\nFinally, we have applied this system to spatiotemporally control gene\nediting in zebrafish embryos <i>in vivo</i>, enabling the\nuse of this strategy for developmental biology and tissue engineering\napplications.
050 Comparative Analysis of Cultivated Melon Groups (Cucumis melo L.) using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA and Simple Sequence Repeat Markers (2000)

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to characterize genetic relationships among 46 accessions in two C. melo L. subsp. melo ( Cantalupensis, Inodorus ) and subsp. agrestis (Conomon and Flexuosus) groups. Genetic distance (GD) estimates were made among and between accessions in four melon market classes [Galia, Ogen, Charentais, and Shipper (European and U.S. types)] of Cantalupensis , one market class of Inodorus (Cassaba and Honey Dew), one accession of Conomon, and one accession of Flexuosus by employing three GD estimators; simple matching coefficient, Jaccard's coefficient, and Nei's distance-D. Differences detected among 135 RAPD bands and 54 SSR bands (products of 17 SSR primers) were used to calculate GD. Band polymorphisms observed with 21 RAPD primers and 7 SSR primers was important in the detection of genetic differences. Estimators of GD were highly correlated ( P > 0.0001; rs = 0.64 to 0.99) when comparisons were made between estimation methods within a particular marker system. Lower correlations ( P > 0.001; rs = 0.17 to 0.40) were detected between marker systems using any one estimator. The GD of the Conomon and Flexuosus accessions was significantly different from the mean GD of all the market classes examined, and market classes were distinguishable from each other. Although lower coefficients of variation can be attained in the estimation of GD when using RAPDs compared to SSRs, the genetic relationships identified using these markers were generally similar. Results of RAPD marker analysis suggest that 80 marker bands were adequate for assessing the genetic variation present in the accessions examined.
Crystal Structure of tRNA Adenosine Deaminase (TadA) from Aquifex aeolicus (2005)

The bacterial tRNA adenosine deaminase (TadA) generates inosine by deaminating the adenosine residue at the wobble position of tRNA(Arg-2). This modification is essential for the decoding system. In this study, we determined the crystal structure of Aquifex aeolicus TadA at a 1.8-A resolution. This is the first structure of a deaminase acting on tRNA. A. aeolicus TadA has an alpha/beta/alpha three-layered fold and forms a homodimer. The A. aeolicus TadA dimeric structure is completely different from the tetrameric structure of yeast CDD1, which deaminates mRNA and cytidine, but is similar to the dimeric structure of yeast cytosine deaminase. However, in the A. aeolicus TadA structure, the shapes of the C-terminal helix and the regions between the beta4 and beta5 strands are quite distinct from those of yeast cytosine deaminase and a large cavity is produced. This cavity contains many conserved amino acid residues that are likely to be involved in either catalysis or tRNA binding. We made a docking model of TadA with the tRNA anticodon stem loop.
TRACHEAL EXTUBATION OF THE NEONATE AT 2 TO 3 CM H2O CONTINUOUS POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE (1977)

Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
A web of harms: serious and organised crime and its impact on Australian interests (2015)

Overview This report analyses serious, transnational and organised crime and the harms it causes to Australia’s interest, with the aim of reinvigorating a discussion of this critical matter amongst Australians. This web impacts on our national interests to the sum of an estimated $15 billion per year. That very conservative estimate includes costs to government through denied revenue and increased law enforcement costs. But there are also social, health and economic harms to individuals, community and business. The report poses a series of questions to be considered by the community, business and government.
REACTIVITY OF MACROMONOMERS IN FREE RADICAL POLYMERIZATION (1990)

Abstract Macromonomers are linear polymeric o r oligomeric species which, because of the presence of a reactive end group, have the potential either to polymerize with themselves or with comonomers. The reactive group is most commonly a vinyl group that can participate in free radical polymerization, but any polymerizable end group, such as epoxy, bis-hydroxy, etc., is sufficient for the molecule to be classified as a macromonomer. The words “macromer” and “macromonomer” are often used interchangeably, although the former term was introduced originally as a trademark of CPC International to describe the macromonomers discovered by Milkovich [1].
Neutrophil elastase inhibitor ICI 200,880 protects against attenuation of coronary flow reserve and myocardial dysfunction following temporary coronary artery occlusion in the dog (1994)

The elastase inhibitor ICI 200,880 protects against ischaemia-reperfusion induced attenuated coronary flow reserve and myocardial dysfunction, and this protective effect is associated with decreased neutrophil infiltration into the reperfused regions.
Assay of rat plasma pyruvate kinase activity with luciferin-luciferase. (1988)

An assay method for pyruvate kinase in rat plasma is described. Plasma samples were incubated with ADP and phosphoenolpyruvate in Tris buffer solution. The ATP produced by pyruvate kinase was measured by photocounting after the addition of a commercially available luciferin-luciferase preparation. Interference by ATP or adenylate kinase originally present in the sample was removed by a high degree of dilution. The assay is sensitive, reproducible, and rapid, especially when used for large numbers of samples. By this method, pyruvate kinase activity in normal rats was determined to be 0.51 +/- 0.05 (n = 6) U/ml plasma. In rats fed a vitamin E-deficient basal diet for 7, 10, or 14 weeks, pyruvate kinase activities were 0.70 +/- 0.11, 1.64 +/- 0.51, and 4.28 +/- 0.85 (n = 6) U/ml plasma, respectively. This method appears to be useful for the determination of pyruvate kinase activity in nutritional or pharmacological studies.
IoT Devices Recognition Through Network Traffic Analysis (2018)

The growing Internet of Things (IoT) market introduces new challenges for network activity monitoring. Legacy network monitoring is not tailored to cope with the huge diversity of smart devices. New network discovery techniques are necessary in order to find out what IoT devices are connected to the network. In this context, data analysis techniques can be leveraged to find out specific patterns that can help to recognize device types. Indeed, contrary to desktop computers, IoT devices perform very specific tasks making their networking behavior very predictable. In this paper, we present a machine learning based approach in order to recognize the type of IoT devices connected to the network by analyzing streams of packets sent and received. We built an experimental smart home network to generate network traffic data. From the generated data, we have designed a model to describe IoT device network behaviors. By leveraging the t-SNE technique to visualize our data, we are able to differentiate the network traffic generated by different IoT devices. The data describing the network behaviors are then used to train six different machine learning classifiers to predict the IoT device that generated the network traffic. The results are promising with an overall accuracy as high as 99.9% on our test set achieved by Random Forest classifier.
Birth of a cloned calf derived from a vitrified hand-made cloned embryo (2004)

The hand-made cloning (HMC) technique describes a simplified nuclear transfer process without the need for micromanipulators. The technique involves manual bisection of zona-free oocytes, selection of cytoplasts by Hoechst staining and fusion of a single somatic cell and two cytoplasts. In this proof-of-principle experiment, the objective was to examine the developmental competence of HMC embryos following embryo transfer. Modifications to the original method include not selecting of matured oocytes and simultaneous fusion of cytoplasts and karyoplast. Blastocyst rates for embryos cultured in the glass oviduct system as singles (10.5%; 24/228) or in pairs (16.1%; 36/224) did not differ significantly. Fresh and vitrified-thawed blastocysts were transferred to 16 synchronised recipients (three to four embryos per recipient). Ultrasound examination on Days 35-45 showed an initial pregnancy rate of 43.8% (7/16) and a pregnancy rate >8 months of 12.5% (2/16). A male cloned calf (42 kg) derived from a vitrified HMC blastocyst was delivered by Caesarean section on Day 271. The birth and ongoing survival (15 months, 243 kg) of a healthy and apparently normal calf, combining both HMC and vitrification technologies, provides a 'proof of principle' of the technology and a promising alternative to traditional nuclear-transfer techniques.
Determination of the erosion rate in the transient region of an ultralow energy secondary ion mass spectrometry profile using medium energy ion scattering (2002)

A method which allows the erosion rate to be established from the earliest stages of an ultralow energy secondary ion mass spectrometry (ule-SIMS) profile is described. Using the technique of medium energy ion scattering (MEIS), this method provides data which enables an accurate depth scale to be established from a depth of a few nanometers onwards. The method is applicable for a thin amorphous layer at the surface or a heavy element marker in the near-surface region, and enables the erosion rate as a function of SIMS ion dose to be established for particular bombardment conditions. The erosion rate obtained is used to calibrate the depth and intensity scales of implant profile measured using ule-SIMS and to interpret the near-surface distribution. In this article we demonstrate this methodology using a Ge preamorphized Si(001) surface with a 1 keV boron implant. The altered layer formed by the primary SIMS O2+ incorporation and the redistribution of Ge in the samples used, are also described. Based on the Ge redistribution results, the possibility of adapting this method for determining erosion rates in crystalline silicon and silicon surface recession measurements, is also discussed.
Preoperative treatment to modify the immune microenvironnement of liver colorectal metastases. (2015)

602 Background: We previously reported that an adaptive Th1 immune response (CD3/CD8/CD45RO T-cells) observed in resected primary colorectal tumor and liver colorectal metastases (LCM) is an important prognostic factor. B and FoxP3 regulatory lymphocytes participate to the modulation of this response. We aimed to investigate whether the preoperative treatments influenced the quality and the density of the immune infiltrates previously reported in the LCM. Methods: We used a cohort of metastatic colorectal patients (n=107) engaged for curative liver surgery with available FFPE blocks for all resected LCM to confirm the prognostic impact of the immune response. Among this cohort of 338 LCMs, 46 were completely resected after chemotherapy (CT) alone, 130 after CT + anti-VEGF, 118 after CT + anti-EGFR and 44 after surgery alone. LCMs were analyzed for histological response according the Tumor Regression Grade (TRG) and regrouped as Response (R, TRG1-3) or No Response (NR, TRG4-5). The density of CD3+ (T-cells), CD8+ (cytotoxic), CD45RO+ (memory), CD20+ (B-cells) and FoxP3+ (regulatory) in the core (CT) and invasive margin (IM) of all LCM was quantified on immunostained slides. The mean density value (CT/IM) was calculated for each marker with a dedicated image analysis software on whole-slide imaging. Comparisons were made using the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test. Results: LCMs showing R (compared to NR and untreated LCM) were more frequently associated with a high immune infiltrate for CD3+ (CT: p<0.005; IM: p<0.05), CD8+ (CT: p<0.005; IM: p<0.005) and CD20+ (CT: p<0.05). Conversely, high FoxP3+ density in the CT and IM was related to NR and untreated LCMs (p<0.01). LCMs treated with an anti-EGFR therapy showed higher densities of CD3+ (CT: p<0.005; IM: p<0.01), CD8+ (CT: p<0.005), CD45RO+ (CT: p<0.005), CD20+ (CT: p<0.005) and FoxP3+ (CT: p<0.05; IM: p<0.005) compared to other treatments and untreated LCMs. Conclusions: Preoperative treatment modifies the LCM immune microenvironnement. LCMs with a histological response show a cytotoxic immune response (CD3+/CD8+) with associated B-cells (CD20+) and downregulated Tregs (FoxP3+). The use of an anti-EGFR therapy significantly increases immune infiltration in the CT.
Genome wide evolutionary analyses reveal serotype specific patterns of positive selection in selected Salmonella serotypes (2009)

Our data show that, among the four serotypes analyzed, (i) less than 10% of Salmonella genes in the core genome show evidence for homologous recombination, (ii) a number of Salmonella genes are under positive selection, including genes that appear to contribute to virulence, and (iii) branch specific positive selection contributes to the evolution of host restricted Salmonella serotypes.
Localization (2005)

Wireless sensor networks are fundamentally intended to provide information about the spatio-temporal characteristics of the observed physical world. Each individual sensor observation can be characterized essentially as a tuple of the form <S,T,M>, where S is the spatial location of the measurement, T the time of the measurement, and M the measurement itself. We shall address the following fundamental question in this chapter: How can the spatial location of nodes be determined?
Americium/europium separation by synergistic extraction mixtures of bis-tetrazolyl pyridines with chlorinated cobalt dicarbollide (2008)

Americium and europium extraction by synergistic mixtures of 2,6-bis(1-aryl-1 H-tetrazol-5-yl)pyridines (ATP) with chlorinated cobalt dicarbollide (CCD) in polar diluents from acidic media was studied. The effect of diluent, composition of aqueous phase, and substituent nature in the aryl ring of ATPs on the extraction efficiency and selectivity of americium and europium separation was investigated. The Am-Eu separation factor was close to 100 at the optimal ratio of ATPs:CCD {approx}1:1 in the synergistic mixture. High resistance of 2,6-bis-aryl-tetrazolyl pyridines to the action of acids and radiolysis was demonstrated. (authors)
Magnetocardiogram Recordings in a Nonshielded Environment—Reproducibility and Ischemia Detection (2005)

MCG maps can be successfully obtained in a nonshielded room and allow feasible, accurate, and reproducible measurements with little intra-observer and interobserver variability. Ischemic changes in the heart's magnetic field may occur before electrical changes. Our pilot data suggests that this imaging modality may potentially offer better sensitivity as compared to rest ECG in detecting ischemia in a cohort of patients who had coronary narrowings identified by angiography.
Preparation of 2,3-dihydro-1<i>H</i>,5<i>H</i>-pyrido[3,2,1-<i>ij</i>]quinoline-1,5-dione derivatives (2005)

The 2,3-dihydro-7-methyl-1H,5H-pyrido[3,2,1-ij]quinoline-1,5-dione derivatives 9 and 10 were prepared from 3-(5,7-dimethoxy-4-methyl-2-oxo-2H-quinolin-1-yl)propionitrile (6). Cyclodehydration of the amide 8 gave 1,2-dihydro-7,9-dimethoxy-6-methylpyimido[1,2-a]quinolin-3-one (11).
Synthesis of aromatic polybenzoxazoles by silylation method and their thermal and mechanical properties (2000)

Various aromatic polybenzoxazole (PBO) films were prepared through the two-step silylation method by low-temperature solution polycondensation of trimethylsilyl-substituted bis(o-aminophenol)s with aromatic dicarboxylic acid chlorides yielding precursor poly(o-trimethylsiloxy-amide)s, followed by thermal cyclocondensation. Four aromatic PBOs had glass transition temperatures (Tg) in the range of 275–375°C, and the Tg values were slightly lower than those of the structurally related polyimides. The temperatures of 10% weight loss of these PBOs ranged from 545–615°C in nitrogen, and the values were somewhat higher than those of the structurally similar polyimides. The films of the PBOs had tensile strengths of 105–135 MPa, elongations at break of 11–25%, and tensile moduli of 2.1–2.8 GPa.
Effects of cholestyramine on low density lipoprotein binding sites on liver membranes from rabbits with endogenous hypercholesterolemia induced by a wheat starch-casein diet. (1982)

Rabbits fed a wheat starch-casein diet develop a marked hypercholesterolemia with a lipoprotein distribution similar to that of humans. Approximately 76% of the total cholesterol is carried in the low density lipoprotein (LDL) fraction (1.006 less than d less than 1.063 g/ml). Inclusion of 1% cholestyramine in the diet prevents the increase in plasma cholesterol. The cholestyramine effect is mediated through an increased fractional catabolic rate of 125I-LDL. In order to determine the potential role of hepatic LDL receptors in the removal of LDL from the plasma, binding of 125I-LDL and 125I-beta-VLDL (beta-migrating very low density lipoproteins) to hepatic membranes prepared from livers of rabbits fed the wheat starch-casein diet with or without cholestyramine supplementation was investigated. Membranes from livers of the cholestyramine-supplemented animals exhibit high levels of specific EDTA-sensitive binding of either of the 125I-labeled lipoproteins. Very little EDTA-sensitive binding occurs on liver membranes from wheat starch-casein-fed rabbits that have not been treated with cholestyramine. These results indicate that the hypercholesterolemia in rabbits associated with the wheat starch-casein diet is wholly or partially the result of a decreased number of specific hepatic LDL receptors and thus a decreased catabolism of plasma cholesterol. The response of the liver to the inclusion in the diet of the bile acid sequestrant, cholestyramine, is to maintain or increase the number of specific LDL binding sites, thus promoting catabolism of plasma cholesterol.
Novel Biologically Active 1,3,2-Oxazaphosphinane Derivatives (2011)

Abstract The facile synthetic approaches to a wide range of potentially biologically active compounds bearing the cyclic 1,3,2-oxazaphosphinane moiety as a “cell transport” and the residues of formic, acetic, and amino acids or 3,5-bis(benzylidene)piperidone framework have been developed. The methods are based on the Arbuzov reaction of preformed cyclic P(III) esters with chloroacetic or chloroformic acid esters, where the nature of the reactants influences the ratio of cyclic and linear products, cyclizations of susbstituted dichlorophosphoryl compounds with aminopropanols, or amination of P-isothiocyanates. Keywords: Arbuzov reaction3,5-bis(benzylidene)piperidones3,5-bis(benzylidene)piperidone thioureas1,3,2-oxazaphosphinanephosphorylacetic acidphosphorylformic acid Acknowledgments This work was supported by the Program of Chemistry and Material Science Division of RAS. The authors are grateful to Dr. E. Yu. Rybalkina (Institute of Carcinogenesis, N. N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences) for testing the antitumor properties of the compounds.