gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Therapeutics: Now and the Future (1992)

Knowledge of the HIV life cycle helps to plan rational modalities directed against the virus. The complex nature of the life cycle of HIV presents multiple unique targets. HIV binding to the cellular receptor CD4, viral enzymatic targets, HIV activation, viral protein synthesis, and protein packaging are examples of the types of targets available to inhibit the life cycle of HIV. Patients, community groups, regulatory agencies, national research groups, and the private pharmaceutical companies have joined forces to work to a common goal, effective HIV therapies. RT inhibitors have provided the best therapeutic options, but other drugs are being developed at a rapid pace. New drugs are entering clinical investigation and will be more widely available at early signs of clinical and laboratory effectiveness.
Anticipating the successor to Mexico's largest historical earthquake (1995)

Note in proof: On October 9, as this article was being prepared for publication, a magnitude 7.6 earthquake occurred beneath the Jalisco region and caused significant loss of life and property. This earthquake highlights the societal need for accurate measurements of crustal strain rates in earthquake‐prone zones. In the coming months, we plan to measure the amount of displacement that occurred within the GPS network during and after this earthquake.
Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR): Conducting the Cellular Signaling Symphony (2010)

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) protein kinase responds to diverse environmental cues to control a plethora of cellular processes. mTOR forms the catalytic core of at least two distinct signaling complexes known as mTOR complexes 1 and 2. Differing sensitivities to the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin, unique partner proteins, distinct substrates, and unique cellular functions distinguish the complexes. Here, we review recent progress in our understanding of the regulation and function of mTOR signaling networks in cellular physiology.
The platelet open canalicular system: a final common pathway. (1991)

Channels of the surface-connected, open canalicular system (OCS) of human platelets serve as the pathway for transport of substances into the cells and as conduits for the discharge of alpha granule products secreted during the platelet release reaction. The purpose of the present study was to determine if both functions of the OCS can take place simultaneously. Suspensions of washed platelets were exposed to thrombin at 1 U/ml for 5, 60, or 180 seconds in the presence of fibrinogen molecules coupled to particles of colloidal gold (Fgn/Au). The samples were fixed in a low concentration of glutaraldehyde and embedded in L.R. White resin to preserve antigenicity. Thin sections were exposed to a rabbit polyclonal antibody to human fibrinogen followed by an anti-rabbit IgG coupled to 5-nm gold beads. Thrombin caused Fgn/Au particles to bind to platelets and enter channels of the surface-connected OCS. Endogenous fibrinogen detected by immunogold 5-nm beads were localized to alpha granules in resting platelets and 5 seconds after thrombin stimulation. At 60 seconds and 3 minutes Fgn/Au particles were present in swollen alpha granules, as well as OCS channels. Fibrinogen gold beads were evident in alpha granules and OCS channels connected to the platelet surface. The 18- to 20-nm Fgn/Au particles were in the same channels of the OCS as fibrinogen gold beads. The OCS is a final common pathway for uptake of particulates and discharge of secretory products in thrombin-activated human platelets.
1-Magnesiotetrahydroisoquinolyloxazolines as Chiral Nucleophiles in Stereoselective Additions to Aldehydes:  Auxiliary Optimization, Asymmetric Synthesis of (+)-Corlumine, (+)-Bicuculline, (+)-Egenine, and (+)-Corytensine, and Preliminary <sup>13</sup>C NMR Studies of 1-Lithio- and 1-Magnesiotetrahydroisoquinolyloxazolines (1996)

Transmetalation of 1-lithiotetrahydroisoquinolyloxazolines with magnesium halides affords Grignard reagents that add to aldehydes with up to 80% selectivity for one of the four possible diastereomeric products. An oxazoline chiral auxiliary derived from camphor provides an optimal blend of diastereoselectivity and isomer separability. Synthetic applications of the optimal auxiliary, patterned after a literature approach in the racemic series, comprise an improved (formal) synthesis of bicuculline, egenine, and corytensine, as well as an efficient synthesis of corlumine. Preliminary NMR studies show that both 1-lithio- and 1-magnesiotetrahydroisoquinolyloxazolines are dynamic mixtures in THF solution at low temperatures. The barrier to pyramidal inversion of the secondary Grignard reagent is in the 9.8−10.1 kcal/mol range, while an upper limit of about 8.2 kcal/mol can be assigned to the barrier to the organolithium inversion.
Hearing Aids: Introduction to the Round Table (1966)

RésuméII y a vingt ans les appareils de prothèse auditive à lampe procuraient un gain acoustique suffisant, et les niveaux d'intensité convenaient à la plupart des malentendants appareiliés. On tenait à une courbe de réponse uniforme et lentement ascendante, ce qui était à peu près réalisé en pratique. On venait de perfectionner l'écouteur en l'accouplant à un embout moulé en matière plastique et adapté à l'individu, mais il était nécessaire de porter le boitier principal sur la poitrine. Partout, sauf en Grande Bretagne, la distribution des prothèses auditives était le fait des fabricants des commercants; la science audiologique se trouvait dans l'enfance.Aujourd'hui nos orateurs résumeront ce qui s'est passé pendant ces vingt ans. M. Lybarger soulignera la miniaturisation progressive des appareils, accomplie sans sacrifice pour le fonctionnement électroacoustique, sauf en ce qui concerne la légère limitation du gain acoustique. Le Dr. Ewertsen décrira l'organisation et le fonctionnement d'un grand centre national moderne de la réhabilitation des malentendants, aussi que sa manière de procéder pour accorder la courbe de réponse d'une audioprothèse avec une surdité particulière, et pour la règlementation de la fabrication des prothèses.Le Dr. Decroix nous montrera en film sa technique d'appareillage stéréo-phonique binaural. Enfin le Dr. Hirsh nous expliquera pourquoi les différentes courbes de réponse électroacoustique des appareils ne s'accordent pas, comme on l'a cru jadis, avec les déficits particulièrs de discrimination des individus possédant des audiogrammes différents. Certes, il existe des appareils qui peuvent accomoder tout le monde, mais le problème éternel du rapport son-masque et les imperfections de l'audiométrie vocale empěchent l'obtention parfaite d'avantages uniques. Le Dr. Hirsh discutera aussi des avantages de l'audition binaurale de l'application étendue des prothèses auditives aux enfants sourds.
Facilitating the Collaborative Spirit among Future Faculty. (2000)

Testosterone is an endocrine disruptor that is released into the environment from natural and anthropogenic sources. The objective of this study was to achieve a better understanding of the complex fate and transport of this labile compound in an undisturbed agricultural soil (a Hamar Sandy, mixed, frigid typic Endoaquolls). This was done by using batch and miscible-displacement experiments, and by using a chemical nonequilibrium transport model. Sorption and transformations of testosterone were discerned using various batch experiments. The batch experiments indicated that the aqueous phase concentrations of testosterone rapidly decreased from 12 to 15% of the initial aqueous concentration within 5 h, but then gradually increased through time and reached 28 to 29% of the initial aqueous concentration at 168 h. The increase in the aqueous concentration was explained by mineralization and biodegradation. Multiple first-order models were used to describe batch experiments where simultaneous degradation and sorption processes occurred. An evolutionary global optimization strategy was used to estimate the process parameters from these batch experiments and there was high confidence in these parameter estimates. The result of column experiments also showed that 23.4% of testosterone was mineralized to CO2 as it transported through the column. Combustion analyses of extracted soil from inside the columns showed that most of the 14C retained in the column (69-74%) was sorbed in the top 5 cm. The independently determined batch parameters were incorporated into a chemical nonequilibrium transport model, which provided an excellent description of the hormone in the effluent, and vertical redistribution in the soil column.
British<i>Sorbus</i>(Rosaceae): six new species, two hybrids and a new subgenus (2014)

Six new Sorbus species are described in Sorbus subgenus Aria; S. evansii T.C.G. Rich, sp. nov., S. greenii T.C.G. Rich, sp. nov., S. herefordensis D. Green, sp. nov., S. richii L. Houston, sp. nov., S. sellii T.C.G. Rich, sp. nov., and S. spectans L. Houston, sp. nov. The occurrence of two new subgeneric hybrids is noted – S. aucuparia × minima (subgenus Soraria) and a distinct member of subgenus Tormaria of unknown parentage – which do not merit binomials. Subgenus Triparens M. Lepší & T.C.G. Rich is described to accommodate taxa that originated as crosses between Sorbus subgenus Aria, subgenus Sorbus and subgenus Torminaria.
A TIME-DEPENDENT APPROACH TO JUNCTION DELAYS (1977)

When demand at a junction is close to or above saturation and is varying with time, conventional steady-state delay formulae are inapplicable. The formulae presented in this paper extend previous work on a dynamic delay formulae to the case of time-dependent demand. A peak period is divided into a series of short intervals during each of which demand is considered to be stationary. By taking into account the mean queue length at the beginning and end of each interval, a representation of average delay is obtained which compares favourably both with more complex analytical formulae and with results of simulations.(a) /TRRL/
Ketotifen Treatment of Active Colitis in Patients with 5‐Aminosalicylate Intolerance (1998)

Mast cell stabilizers are commonly used in the treatment of asthma and allergic disorders. Although the role of mucosal mast cells in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease remains uncertain, mast cell stabilizers have been shown in animal models to attenuate the severity of experimental colitis. The authors' experience with ketotifen in three patients--one each with Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis and collagenous colitis--who had demonstrated allergy to, or intolerance of, 5-aminosalicylic acid is reported.
Increasing availability of GIS installations by using digital control, protection and monitoring systems (2002)

Benefits of the new technology developed to improve gas insulated switchgear (GIS) monitoring are first presented. The integration with the substation control system infrastructure make it a cost efficient solution for analysis of the substation and network state.
A component-based hybrid testbed for multi-mobile robots (2009)

Functionality debugging and performance evaluation of robotics system has always been a challenge, particularly in the case of multi-robot system. The process is tedious, time consuming, costly, or even dangerous. This paper describes a component-based hybrid testbed for multi-mobile robots. On the testbed, real and virtual robots operate together in an augmented reality environment. The simulation server and robot software clients are built by assembling different kinds of components. The software for virtual robots can be easily transplanted to control real robots. The proposed testbed is applied to Robocup middle size league soccer game. Experiments show the tesbed is flexible and suitable for multi-mobile robots.
A New Method for Seed Oil Body Purification and Examination of Oil Body Integrity Following Germination (1997)

Plant seeds store triacylglycerols as energy sources for germination and postgerminative growth of seedlings. The triacylglycerols are preserved in small, discrete, intracellular organelles called oil bodies. A new method was developed to purify seed oil bodies. The method included extraction, flotation by centrifugation, detergent washing, ionic elution, treatment with a chaotropic agent, and integrity testing by use of hexane. These processes subsequently removed non-specifically associated or trapped proteins within the oil bodies. Oil bodies purified by this method maintained their integrity and displayed electrostatic repulsion and steric hindrance on their surface. Compared with the previous procedure, this method allowed higher purification of oil bodies, as demonstrated by SDS-PAGE using five species of oilseeds. Oil bodies purified from sesame were further analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and revealed two potential oleosin isoforms. The integrity of oil bodies in germinating sesame seedlings was examined by hexane extraction. Our results indicated that consumption of triacylglycerols reduced gradually the total amount of oil bodies in seedlings, whereas no alteration was observed in the integrity of remaining oil bodies. This observation implies that oil bodies in germinating seeds are not degraded simultaneously. It is suggested that glyoxisomes, with the assistance of mitochondria, fuse and digest oil bodies one at a time, while the remaining oil bodies are preserved intact during the whole period of germination.
High performance 1.5 mu m multiple-quantum-well DFB-DC-PBH-LDs at 30 mW output power for Gb/s range coherent systems (1991)

Long cavity (1200 mu m) MQW-DFB-DC-PBH-LDs have been developed. The devices simultaneously showed less than 1 MHz spectral linewidth, lower than 15 kHz FM dip frequency, moderate FM efficiency (250-300 MHz/mA at 100 MHz modulation frequency), as well as 10-GHz FM bandwidth (6 dB down level from the peak), at 30 mW output power condition. Such LDs will be suitable for Gb/s continuous phase frequency shift keying (CPFSK) current optical fiber communication systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Pipelined memory hierarchies: scalable organizations and application performance (2001)

The time to perform a random access to main memory has been increasing for decades relative to processor speed and is currently of the order of a few hundred cycles. To alleviate this problem, one resorts to memory organizations that are hierarchical to exploit locality of the computation, and pipelinable to exploit parallelism. The goal of the study is to begin a systematic exploration of the performance advantages of such memories, achieving scalability even when the underlying principles are pushed to the limit permitted by physical laws. First, we propose memory organizations with the ability to accept requests at a constant rate without significantly affecting the latency of individual requests, which is within a constant factor of the minimum value achievable under fundamental physical constraints. Second, we discuss how the pipeline capability can be effectively exploited by memory management techniques in order to reduce execution time for applications. We conclude by outlining the issues that require further work in order to pursue systematically the potential of pipelined hierarchical memories.
The challenge of perioperative pain management in opioid-tolerant patients (2017)

The increasing number of opioid users among chronic pain patients, and opioid abusers among the general population, makes perioperative pain management challenging for health care professionals. Anesthesiologists, surgeons, and nurses should be familiar with some pharmacological phenomena which are typical of opioid users and abusers, such as tolerance, physical dependence, hyperalgesia, and addiction. Inadequate pain management is very common in these patients, due to common prejudices and fears. The target of preoperative evaluation is to identify comorbidities and risk factors and recognize signs and symptoms of opioid abuse and opioid withdrawal. Clinicians are encouraged to plan perioperative pain medications and to refer these patients to psychiatrists and addiction specialists for their evaluation. The aim of this review was to give practical suggestions for perioperative management of surgical opioid-tolerant patients, together with schemes of opioid conversion for chronic pain patients assuming oral or transdermal opioids, and patients under maintenance programs with methadone, buprenorphine, or naltrexone.
Effects of L-DOPA/Carbidopa Administration on the Levels of L-DOPA, Other Amino Acids and Related Compounds in the Plasma, Brain and Heart of the Rat (1997)

Rats were treated intraperitoneally with a mixture of 250 mg/kg L-DOPA and 40 mg/kg carbidopa or with vehicle and sacrificed 30 min later. Plasma, heart and cortex, midbrain, brainstem and cerebellum were removed from each animal and assayed by HPLC for L-DOPA and a large number of amino acids and related amino compounds. L-DOPA levels increased from undetectable (<0.2 nmol/ml or g) to 1,146, 1,007, 399, 376, 368 and 850 nmol/ml or g in the above tissues. In addition, several amino compounds were significantly affected by L-DOPA/carbidopa (p < or = 0.01). Plasma concentrations of phosphoserine, oxidized glutathione, citrulline, phenylalanine, tyrosine and 1-methylhistidine increased and arginine, glutamic acid and lysine decreased. In the heart, concentrations of phosphoserine, taurine, reduced glutathione, threonine, serine, glutamine, glycine, alanine, valine, GABA, ethanolamine, ammonia and arginine decreased. In the cortex, camosine and homocarnosine increased. In the midbrain, valine increased and leucine, ornithine and oxidized glutathione decreased. In the cerebellum, citrulline increased. In the brainstem, threonine, serine, asparagine, glutamine, oxidized glutathione, alanine, and leucine decreased. In the brainstem, arginine was slightly decreased with a concomitant increase in citrulline (p < 0.05), indicative of nitrous oxide formation. These results show that administration of L-DOPA/ carbidopa not only raises dopamine levels but can also affect other biochemicals and that the observed changes in amino acids and related compounds can perhaps contribute to the beneficial and/or adverse effects of L-DOPA/carbidopa therapy of Parkinson's disease.
Imitating the Genre of Parable in Today's Pulpit (1991)

Sensing, Timothy R. (1991) "Imitating the Genre of Parable in Today's Pulpit,"Restoration Quarterly: Vol. 33 : No. 4. This repository hosts selected Restoration Quarterly articles in downloadable PDF format. For the benefit of users who would like to browse the contents of RQ, we have included all issue covers even when full-text articles from that issue are unavailable. All Restoration Quarterly articles are available in full text in the ATLA Religion Database, available through most university and theological libraries or through your local library’s inter-library loan service.
The Air-Broadening Coefficients Of Ho2 (2015)

The air-broadening coefficients for HO<sub>2</sub> in HITRAN were updated since different measurements have recently been made in infrared and submillimeter-wave spectral regions. The semi-empirical procedure we developed is described in this report and corresponding HO<sub>2</sub> file in the traditional 160 character format is provided.
The Science of Selecting Antimicrobials for Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) (2009)

Effective management of patients with CAP requires selection of the proper site of care and appropriate empiric antimicrobial. Given the elevated rates of resistance among S. pneumoniae, local resistance patterns must be considered when choosing empiric therapy.
Surface potential measurements of electron-irradiated insulators using backscattered and secondary electron spectra from an electrostatic toroidal spectrometer adapted for scanning electron microscope applications (2001)

A technique for the accurate determination of the surface potential US and its evolution during irradiation, is proposed. The technique is based on detecting both backscattered (BSE) and secondary electrons (SE) in a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The (BSE+SE) spectra are measured using a compact, highly sensitive electrostatic toroidal spectrometer (ETS), specially adapted for SEM applications. The use of an ETS analyzer set in a SEM for deducing the surface potential from (SE+BSE) spectra of electron irradiated insulators is introduced here. The surface potential is determined, either from the measured maximum energy of the secondary electron peak, or from its beginning. Various dielectric materials such as MgO, Al2O3, Y2O3, mica (potassium silicate aluminum), and Teflon were studied by this technique. Experimental investigations of the beam energy and current effects on the surface potential of bare insulators are reported. The change, due to this surface potential, in some physical quantities such as the amount of BSEs and the most probable energy of their spectral distribution is also studied. The results concerning coated and grounded insulators highlight the influence of the internal electric field on the BSEs energy distribution. An account of the various benefits of using the toroidal spectrometer in the surface potential measurement is also given.
Manufacture and Processing of PVC (1981)

This ten chapter book on the manufacture and processing of PVC covers bulk processing, paste, emulsion, blends, toxicity, morphology, rigid PVC and plasticised PVC.
Contrast Data Mining (2012)

A Fruitful Field for Researching Data Mining Methodology and for Solving Real-Life ProblemsContrast Data Mining: Concepts, Algorithms, and Applications collects recent results from this specialized area of data mining that have previously been scattered in the literature, making them more accessible to researchers and developers in data mining and other fields. The book not only presents concepts and techniques for contrast data mining, but also explores the use of contrast mining to solve challenging problems in various scientific, medical, and business domains. Learn from Real Case Studies of Contrast Mining ApplicationsIn this volume, researchers from around the world specializing in architecture engineering, bioinformatics, computer science, medicine, and systems engineering focus on the mining and use of contrast patterns. They demonstrate many useful and powerful capabilities of a variety of contrast mining techniques and algorithms, including tree-based structures, zero-suppressed binary decision diagrams, data cube representations, and clustering algorithms. They also examine how contrast mining is used in leukemia characterization, discriminative gene transfer and microarray analysis, computational toxicology, spatial and image data classification, voting analysis, heart disease prediction, crime analysis, understanding customer behavior, genetic algorithms, and network security.