gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Charge-state reduction with improved signal intensity of oligonucleotides in electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (1996)

The shift of charge states of oligonucleotide negative ions formed in electrospray ionization mass spectrometry to higher mass-to-charge ratio has been accomplished by addition of organic acids and bases to the solution to be electrosprayed. The use of acetic acid or formic acid combined with piperidine and imidazole effectively reduced charge states. Signal intensity and stability were enhanced greatly when the infused solution contained a high percentage of acetonitrile. In addition, the cocktail that contained imidazole, piperidine, and acetic acid in 80% acetonitrile not only reduced charge states, but also substantially suppressed Na adduction. Several oligonucleotides that varied in base composition and length were investigated, and studies of mixtures showed a significant reduction in spectral complexity.
ChIP-Seq analysis identifies p27(Kip1)-target genes involved in cell adhesion and cell signalling in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (2017)

The protein p27Kip1 (p27), a member of the Cip-Kip family of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, is involved in tumorigenesis and a correlation between reduced levels of this protein in human tumours and a worse prognosis has been established. Recent reports revealed that p27 also behaves as a transcriptional regulator. Thus, it has been postulated that the development of tumours with low amounts of p27 could be propitiated by deregulation of transcriptional programs under the control of p27. However, these programs still remain mostly unknown. The aim of this study has been to define the transcriptional programs regulated by p27 by first identifying the p27-binding sites (p27-BSs) on the whole chromatin of quiescent mouse embryonic fibroblasts. The chromatin regions associated to p27 have been annotated to the most proximal genes and it has been considered that the expression of these genes could by regulated by p27. The identification of the chromatin p27-BSs has been performed by Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Sequencing (ChIP-seq). Results revealed that p27 associated with 1839 sites that were annotated to 1417 different genes being 852 of them protein coding genes. Interestingly, most of the p27-BSs were in distal intergenic regions and introns whereas, in contrast, its association with promoter regions was very low. Gene ontology analysis of the protein coding genes revealed a number of relevant transcriptional programs regulated by p27 as cell adhesion, intracellular signalling and neuron differentiation among others. We validated the interaction of p27 with different chromatin regions by ChIP followed by qPCR and demonstrated that the expressions of several genes belonging to these programs are actually regulated by p27. Finally, cell adhesion assays revealed that the adhesion of p27-/- cells to the plates was much higher that controls, revealing a role of p27 in the regulation of a transcriptional program involved in cell adhesion.
T‐Wave Morphology Parameters Based on Principal Component Analysis Reproducibility and Dependence on T−Offset Position (2007)

T-wave morphology parameters based on PCA are reproducible with the exception of TWR and QRS-T angle. In addition, PCA is robust, showing only little dependence on T-end cursor position. These data should be taken into account for safety pharmacology trials.
Inferring solid objects with cylindrical surfaces from orthographic views (2003)

Two dimensional (2D) orthographic views are powerful representations of three dimensional (3D) objects, and the construction of 3D solid objects from orthographic views is one of various useful methods to generate geometric models. We have reported an estimation method for generation of solid objects with curved surfaces from inconsistent views for some simple cases (T. Watanabe and Y. Chao, 1998). We extend our method to deal with more complicated cases, where two or three cylinders with same radius intersect each other at right angles and cylinders contains some cut section. The intrinsic characteristics in three views of these solid objects are drawn out and utilized in the estimating process. Moreover, a verifying method is proposed to examine whether a generated solid object is suitable.
Crimes against humanity: a category<i>hors concours</i>in (international) criminal law? (2014)

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Double mutation (A171T) and (D444H) is a common cause of profound biotinidase deficiency in children ascertained by newborn screening in the United States (1998)

Biotinidase deficiency is inherited as an antosomal recessive trait that, unless treated with pharmacologic doses of biotin, can result in neurologic and cutaneous symptoms. We have identified two new mutations in exon D of the biotinidase gene of children with profound biotinidase deficiency ascertained by newborn screening. Transition 511G->A near the 5' end of exon D results in a substitution of threonine for alanine 171 (A171T) and transversion 1330G->C occurs close to the 3' end of exon D causing a substitution of histidine for aspartic acid 444 (D444H). The D444H mutation was detected in four individuals from our normal population whose mean serum biotinidase activity is 5.25 nmol/min/ml, which is significantly lower than the mean normal activity (7.1 nmol/min/ml). We calculated that this mutation causes a 52% loss of activity in the aberrant enzyme. Twenty-three individuals with the D444H mutation were found by allele specific oligonucleotide analysis of DNA from 296 randomly-selected, anonymous dried-blood spots. We estimate the frequency of this allele in the general population to be 0.039. In contrast, no individuals in 376 have the A171T mutation. Fourteen children (eleven probands and three siblings) out of the 31 enzyme-deficient children have both the A171T and D444H mutations. Both mutations are inherited from a single parent as a double mutation allele. The nine families in which this allele was identified are of mostly European ancestry, although the mutation cannot be attributed to a specific nationality or ethnic group. The serum of a child who is homozygous for the double mutation allele has very little CRM and the aberrant enzyme has very low biotinylhydrolase activity and no botinyl-transferase activity. This double mutation allele (A171T and D444H) is a common cause of profound biotinidase deficience in children ascertained by newborn screening in the United States.
Safety Margins in the Driver (2001)

The primary aim of this thesis is to highlight the most important features of driving and to describe the models that have attempted to conceptualise these features. The discussion focuses on the concept of "safety margin." The concept is elaborated upon in an effort to enhance its usefulness as an empirical tool in traffic research. In this study, safety margin is defined as a threshold value that informs the driver when to undertake an action to minimise the risk of a car accident. Three separate studies of various driver behaviours are presented as illustrations of how this view can be applied in a real highway traffic setting. One study (Study I), consisting of three independent but related experiments, examines car following; a second study (Study II) explores gap acceptance at a T-crossing; and a third study (Study III) investigates drivers’ braking decisions. The overall findings of the present studies suggest that it is valid to model driver behaviour as a concern related to the control of safety margins. It was shown that the driver controls time-distance dynamics to leading and following cars when driving in a queue. A bias in the drivers’ impressions of distances to leading and following vehicles that has safety promoting implications was also found. There was no evidence for the hypothesised use of the limit for dissolution of time-distance to oncoming vehicles for merging decisions at a T-junction. Drivers’ rules for establishing braking decisions were successfully assessed in a field study using linear regression.
Predicting Contract Surety Bond Claims Using Contractor Financial Data (1994)

This paper describes the results of a study to predict contract bond claims based upon contractor financial data. Financial statements of 87 contractors (36 claim and 51 nonclaim) were obtained from four companies underwriting construction‐contract surety bonds. A claim contractor was defined as one that defaulted on a bond, many times requiring the surety to pay a loss. A nonclaim contractor was defined as one that has not defaulted on a surety bond. A predictive model was developed using discrete choice modeling. Variables identified in the model are cost monitoring, underbillings/sales, total current liabilities/sales, retained earnings/sales, and net income before taxes/sales. This model predicts the probability of experiencing a claim in the accounting period following the period in which the financial statement was prepared. Considering each variable, recommendations are presented for reducing the probability of claim. Additionally, questions related to the variables have been developed for consideration by the management of construction companies. The model can assist construction‐industry professionals by providing them with a quantitative tool to evaluate contractors.
Auditory perspective taking (2006)

Auditory perspective taking is the process of imagining the auditory scene from another's place and inferring what that person can (and cannot) hear, as well as how this affects his or her auditory comprehension. With this inferred knowledge, a conversational partner can then adapt his or her vocal presentation to overcome or cope with competing sounds and other auditory challenges to ensure that what is being said can be understood. In this poster, we explore several aspects of auditory perspective taking in the context of a robot speech and listening interface.
Stereoselective Synthesis of <i>cis</i>‐1,3‐Dimethyltetrahydroisoquinolines: Formal Synthesis of Naphthylisoquinoline Alkaloids (2012)

Abstract A synthetic route to enantiopure cis ‐1,3‐dimethyltetrahydroisoquinolines, synthetic precursors of naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids, has been developed. The synthesis relies on the use of a phenylglycinol‐derived lactam as the starting enantiopure scaffold. After stereoselective opening of the oxazolidine ring, the C‐3 methyl substituent was installed, taking advantage of the lactam carbonyl group by stereoselective hydrogenation of an α‐methylenamide generated via a vinyl triflate.
A dual radar and communication system facing uncertainty about a jammer’s capability (2018)

This paper considers a joint radar and communication system that is attempting to support two different mission objectives: track a distant radar target and communicate with a distant communication receiver in the presence of a jammer. In such a scenario, the system can adjust its power allocation in the waveform design to support both objectives. Interference can undermine the operation of such a joint system and often the capabilities of the jammer are not known: the jammer might focus on disrupting one or both objectives. This uncertainty makes the design of an anti-jamming strategy difficult, and to devise an anti-jamming strategy we formulate the problem as Bayesian game between the system and the jammer, where the system knows only a priori probabilities for the jammer's capabilities. The equilibrium strategies are found in closed form, and the impact of a priori probabilities regarding the jammer's capability on the system anti-jamming strategy is illustrated.
Intra-individual Variation of Plasma Adipokine Levels and Utility of Single Measurement of These Biomarkers in Population-Based Studies (2007)

Adipokines, soluble mediators produced by adipocytes, may link adipose tissue to the inflammatory, metabolic, and immune dysregulation that characterize many obesity-related diseases. The stability of plasma adipokine levels within individuals, their seasonal variability, intercorrelations, and relationships to well-established measures of adiposity are incompletely defined. We measured levels of 12 adipokines [interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta), IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), nerve growth factor (NGF), leptin, adiponectin, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and resistin] in four seasonal random plasma samples of 48 male participants of a population-based cohort study. The representativeness of single measurements was assessed by correlating the adipokine levels of a single, random sample with the mean levels from the remaining three samples using a bootstrap approach and using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC). Spearman correlations between adipokine levels, age, body mass index (BMI), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were estimated. Correlations between plasma adipokine levels from one random sample and the mean of the remaining three seasonal samples ranged from 0.57 to 0.89. Over the 1-year study period, the ICCs for adipokine levels ranged from 0.44 (PAI-1) to 0.83 (HGF). IL-8, MCP-1, and resistin levels were positively associated with age; HGF and PAI-1 levels were correlated with BMI and WHR. This study suggests that adipokine levels in a single blood sample may be useful biomarkers of inflammation in population-based studies of obesity-related disease.
Spindle and cuboidal renal cell carcinoma, a tumour having frequent association with nephrolithiasis: report of 11 cases including a case with hybrid conventional renal cell carcinoma/ spindle and cuboidal renal cell carcinoma components (2002)

We present 11 cases of spindle and cuboidal renal cell carcinoma, which is believed to be a distinctive morphological entity. Our cases were histologically, immunohistochemically and ultrastructurally similar to the previously reported cases of spindle and cuboidal renal cell carcinoma. In contrast to all previously reported cases of spindle and cuboidal renal cell carcinoma, we observed an association with nephrolithiasis in three of our cases; moreover, one of our tumours had a conventional renal cell carcinoma component and another revealed a metastatic focus in a regional lymph node. None of our patients died of the disease. This study confirms that spindle and cuboidal renal cell carcinoma has a low malignant potential.
Granulomatous interstitial nephritis associated with silica (2018)

Supplemental Figure 1. Electron microscopy the number of lysosome in the epithelium of proximal tubules increased. Supplemental Figure 2. Metal analysis showing peaks at silica for ①, ②, ③ and ④ in electron microscopy. Other metal was used for staining methods. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Using LDV and ECR Measurements in the Differential Diagnosis of Partial and Complete Ossicular Discontinuity (2013)

Objectives: Evaluate the reability of laser doppler vibrometry (LDV) of the tympanic membrane (TM) and ear canal reflectance (ECR) measurements in the differential diagnosis of partial and complete ossicular discontinuity (OD). Methods: Patients, with surgically confirmed partial or complete OD and an intact TM, were recruited from the Otology clinic. Pre‐operative possible diagnosis were made by otoscopic examination, audiometry, LDV and ECR. Audiometry, LDV and ECR data in each of the two OD subgroups were evaluated in order to determine their use in differential diagnosis. Results: 44 patients with surgically confirmed OD with intact TM (27 complete, 17 partial) were included in this study. Audiometry was performed in all cases. There were statistically significant differences in air‐bone gap (ABG) between the two subgroups below 1 kHz. LDV was performed in 29 (16 complete, 13 partial). An increase in LDV magnitude and a decrease in phase angle below 1 kHz were greater in the complete OD subgroup, but not significantly. ECR was performed in 11 (5 complete, 6 partial). ECR near 1 kHz was lower than the normal in both OD subgroups and the difference between the two subgroups was significant. Conclusions: A difference between the means of ECR measurements suggests a possible clinical utility. On the other hand, subgroup difference in LDV magnitude and phase angle were not significant. A combination of LDV, ECR and audiometry may help differentiate the two conditions. More patient data will enable better evaluation of the diagnostic significance of the observed differences.
Pain / Analgesia evaluation using heart rate variability analysis (2006)

The optimization of analgesic drugs delivery during general anesthesia requires to evaluate the pain/analgesia balance. Heart rate variability analysis has been shown in several studies to measure the autonomic nervous system tone, which is strongly influenced by anesthetic drugs. Recording RR series during general anesthesia enabled us to observe that the respiratory sinus arrhythmia pattern changed when a surgical stimulation was painful, even though the patient was not conscious. We developed a pain/analgesia evaluation algorithm based on the magnitude analysis of the respiratory patterns on the RR series. The parameters computed from this algorithm were recorded in thirty nine patients during general anesthesia. We retrospectively compared our parameters at different levels of analgesia during surgical stimulation, and found that they were related to pain/analgesia and relatively independent from other anesthesia related events like hypnosis and haemodynamic conditions.
Top-Quark Mass Measurement from Dilepton Events at CDF II (2006)

We report a measurement of the top-quark mass using events collected by the CDF II detector from $p\overline{p}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=1.96\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{TeV}$ at the Fermilab Tevatron. We calculate a likelihood function for the top-quark mass in events that are consistent with $t\overline{t}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\overline{b}{\ensuremath{\ell}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}}_{\ensuremath{\ell}}b{\ensuremath{\ell}}^{\ensuremath{'}+}{\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\ell}}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ decays. The likelihood is formed as the convolution of the leading-order matrix element and detector resolution functions. The joint likelihood is the product of likelihoods for each of 33 events collected in $340\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{pb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ of integrated luminosity, yielding a top-quark mass ${M}_{t}=165.2\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}6.1(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3.4(\mathrm{syst})\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}/{c}^{2}$. This first application of a matrix-element technique to $t\overline{t}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}b{\ensuremath{\ell}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\ell}}\overline{b}{\ensuremath{\ell}}^{\ensuremath{'}\ensuremath{-}}{\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}}_{{\ensuremath{\ell}}^{\ensuremath{'}}}$ decays gives the most precise single measurement of ${M}_{t}$ in dilepton events. Combined with other CDF run II measurements using dilepton events, we measure ${M}_{t}=167.9\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5.2(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3.7(\mathrm{syst})\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}/{c}^{2}$.
Effects of binaural classroom noise scenarios on primary school children's speech perception and listening comprehension (2023)

When it comes to learning in school, perception of speech and listening comprehension are crucial. The ability to listen effectively under the conditions of background noise and reverberation in a classroom involves the ability to continuously filter out background noise and fill in missing pieces in the speech communicated by teachers or classmates. A large number of experimental tasks have demonstrated that children's speech perception is significantly more sensitive to unfavorable listening settings than adults' (Buss et al., 2017; Klatte et al. 2013). Despite this, there are just a few studies that have looked at the impact of real-world classroom noise on children's performance in listening tasks that take into account the demands of school-based education. Rather, the increased listening effort appeared to lower the amount of resources available for storing and processing information in working memory, as demonstrated by Klatte and colleagues (2010). The goal of this study is to compare children's performance on word identification and listening comprehension tasks in realistic classroom scenarios, which include monaural and binaural reproductions of complex background noises such as typical classroom sounds and non-native children's speech. Conclusions on the acoustic design of learning environments and the development of speech-in-noise perception in primary school students can be drawn.
Probabilistic Modeling of the Effect of Air Voids on the Mechanical Performance of Asphalt Mixtures Subjected to Moisture Diffusion (2010)

The internal air void structure of asphalt mixtures plays an important role in the durability of these materials. Voids are recognized as the main source of moisture access to the interior of the mixtures’ microstructure. The deleterious effect of moisture on asphalt mixtures, usually referred to as moisture damage, is one of the main causes of early deterioration of asphalt pavements. This paper studies the effect of air voids on the mechanical performance of asphalt mixtures that are subjected to the combined action of moisture diffusion and mechanical loading. The analysis is conducted by means of a numerical micromechanical model that includes fracture mechanics principles and couples the effect of moisture diffusion with the mechanical properties of the mixture. The main advantage of the model is that it explicitly includes air void distribution (size and location) in the development of the microstructure geometry. This is achieved by applying a probabilistic distribution function of air void sizes—obtained from X-Ray Computed Tomography measurements—to create the microstructure model. Mixture response was quantified in terms of the total dissipated energy and stiffness. Results from the simulations provided insight on the influence of variation in percent air voids on mechanical performance. The developed model can be used to analyze the interrelated effects of internal structure distribution, moisture diffusion and mechanical properties of the mixture constituents on performance.
Pyroelectric and Dielectric Properties of Rhombohedral Pb(Zr<sub>1-x</sub>Ti<sub>x</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Ceramics (1987)

PZT ceramics with compositions close to PbZrO 3 possess many desirable properties for potential applications in pyroelectric and piezoelectric devices. Sintering of rhombohedral ferroelectric Pb(Zr 1- x Ti x )O 3 ceramics with x =0.04 to 0.3 and their dielectric, ferroelectric and pyroelectric properties were investigated. The pyroelectric coefficient of the ceramics with x =0.05 was determined as 53×10 -9 C/cm 2 K at room temperature. However, the thermal hysteresis of pyroelectric coefficient was clearly observed. On the other hand, experimental evidence for the second order nature of the higher phase transition from F R ( H T ) to cubic and the lower phase transition from F R ( L T ) to F R ( H T ) occurred at x of around 0.12 in the PZT ceramic system was given in this paper.