gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression and chromosomal localization of cDNA clones from an enriched human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell line library: identification of two RPE-specific genes (1995)

We have previously constructed an enriched cDNA library from a human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell line and generated expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from novel clones. Here, we report the analysis of expression of 14 cDNAs and identify two clones, AA1 and AA28, that appear to be specifically expressed in RPE but not in any other tissue tested. We have also localized 15 novel cDNAs (including the two RPE-specific cDNAs) to human chromosomes using in situ hybridization or in conjunction with somatic cell hybrid analysis. The cDNAs were mapped to the following chromosomal regions: 1p35-->p33, 1q41-->q42 (two clones), 3q11.2-->q13.1, 3q24-->q25, 4q13-->q21, 6q22-->q23, 7q34-->q36, 10q23-->q24, 11q23-->q24, 15q25-->q26, 19p13.3, 20p13, 21q11.2-->q21, and 21q22.2-->q22.3. The genetic and functional analysis of the two RPE-specific genes should contribute to a better understanding of RPE function. Chromosomal localization of RPE cDNAs will be valuable in identifying candidate genes for inherited diseases involving RPE dysfunction and aid in establishing the expression map of the human genome.
Highly Hydrophobic Isoreticular Porous Metal–Organic Frameworks for the Capture of Harmful Volatile Organic Compounds (2013)

Tunable hydrophobicity: Efficient air filters for the protection against chemical warfare agents might be achieved by surface functionalization of the pores in robust metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with fluoroalkyl residues and the precise control of their pore size (see picture). These MOFs capture harmful volatile organic compounds even under extremely moist conditions (80 % relative humidity). As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Comparison of the Effects of Ions and GTP on Substance P Binding to Membrane‐Bound and Solubilized Specific Sites (1989)

Mg2+ increased but Na+ and GTP decrease [3H]substance P (SP) binding to rat cerebral cortical membranes and to 10 mM 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propane sulfonate (CHAPS)-solubilized membrane fraction. To determine the binding parameters that are modified by the cations and GTP, inhibition experiments of [3H]SP binding by unlabeled SP were performed in both of the preparations. Nonlinear least-squares regression analysis of data in the membrane fraction indicated that optimal fitting of the inhibition curves in the presence of 10 mM MgCl2 was attained with a two-site model, corresponding to a "high-affinity (H)" and a "low-affinity (L)" state. By omitting MgCl2, or by addition of NaCl and GTP, the [3H]SP specific binding was decreased, the H state disappeared, and the L state and a new "super-low affinity (SL)" state observed. The SP/[3H]SP inhibition curves in the cerebral cortical membranes by in vivo treatment with pertussis toxin (islet-activating protein) were similar to that in the presence of GTP in control membranes. The effects of MgCl2, NaCl, and GTP were greater in the CHAPS-solubilized fraction than in the membrane fraction. In contrast to the membrane fraction, the inhibition curves of [3H]SP binding by unlabeled SP in the presence of MgCl2 in the CHAPS-solubilized fraction were best fitted to a one-site model. The KD value was relatively close to that of the low-affinity state in the membrane fraction. Even with the addition of NaCl or GTP, or by reducing MgCl2 concentration to 1 mM, although the inhibition curves consistently fit the one-site model, the KD values changed only slightly.
DISCUSSION. TECHNICAL NOTE. AN IMPROVED METHOD OF CALCULATING THE PERCOLATION RATE OF WATER IN SOILS. (1979)

Keywords BASRAH UNIVERSITY IRAQ METHODS, CALCULATIONS, PERCOLATION, RATE, WATER, SOILS, CONDITIONS, PROPERTIES, SEPTIC, TANKS, SEWERAGE, DEVELOPING, COUNTRIES, TOWNS, TESTS, HOLES, EFFLUENT, MEASUREMENT, SEWAGE LAGOS NIGERIA, AFRICA... Show All
MR Imaging of Lumbar Disk Herniation (1992)

Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) of 47 patients with surgically confirmed lumbar disk herniation at 62 levels was studied retrospectively to evaluate the significance of MRI in diagnosis of lumbar disk herniation.Prolapsed type of lumbar disk herniation is 47 cases(76%). lumbar disk herniation at L4-L5 level is 33 cases(53 %) and posterolateral herniation is 54 cases(87%). 6 cases(10%) of lumbar disk herniation in MRI were not matched with operative findings, due to lumbar scoliosis(4 cases) and lumbarization of S1 (2 cases). Associated abnormalities are 4 cases of Schmorl's nodule and 2 cases of spondylolisthesis, MRI shows excellent sagittal image and can differentiate extruding type of lumbar disk herniation from prolapsed type.The result of the study indicates the MRI is likely to become the initial procedure of choice for evaluating patients with suspected lumbar disk herniation. If clinically incompatible with MRI findings, it is desirable that CT and/or myelography are complementary to MRI study.
Unravelling the genetic diversity of ruminal bacteria belonging to the CFB phylum (2000)

Molecular biology approaches were employed to examine the genetic diversity of bacteria from the Cytophaga/Flexibacter/Bacteroides (CFB) phylum in the rumen of cattle. By this means we were able to identify cultured strains that represent some of the larger CFB clusters previously identified only by PCR amplification and sequencing. Complete 16S rDNA sequences were obtained for 16 previously isolated rumen strains, including the type strains of Prevotella ruminicola, P. bryantii, P. brevis and P. albensis to represent a wide range of diversity. Phylogenetic analysis of cultured strains revealed the existence of three clusters of ruminal CFB: (i) a cluster of Prevotella strains, which have been found only in the rumen, including the two type strains, P. brevis GA33(T) and P. ruminicola 23(T); (ii) Prevotella spp. that cluster with prevotellas from other ecological niches such as the oral cavity and which include the type strains, P. bryantii B(1)4(T) and P. albensis M384(T); (iii) two Bacteroides spp. strains clustering with B. forsythus of oral origin. In order to establish whether the cultivated isolates cover the whole range of ruminal CFB genetic diversity, 16S rRNA gene sequences were amplified and cloned from DNA extracted from the same rumen samples (one cow in Slovenia, one in Scotland and three in Japan). Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA genes confirmed the existence of two superclusters of ruminal Prevotella, one exclusively ruminal and the other including non-ruminal species. In the case of ruminal Bacteroides spp., however, phylogenetic analysis revealed the existence of three new superclusters, one of which has as yet no cultivable counterpart. Interestingly, these Bacteroides clusters were represented almost exclusively by clone libraries from the Japanese cattle and only three sequences were from the European cattle. This study agrees with previous analyses in showing that rumen Prevotella/Bacteroides strains exhibit a remarkable degree of genetic diversity and suggests that different strain groupings may differ greatly in their recovery by cultural methods. The most important conclusion, however, is that cultured strains can be identified that represent some of the larger clusters previously identified only by PCR amplification and sequencing.
Characterization and modeling of Bragg gratings written in polymer fiber for use as filters in the THz region (2012)

We demonstrate fiber Bragg gratings written in polymer fiber for use in the THz window for the first time. A KrF excimer laser operating at 248 nm was used to inscribe notch-type gratings in single component Topas subwavelength fiber. A transmission loss at the centre wavelength of the grating of 60 dB is observed in short gratings containing only 192 notches. Experimental results and modeling are presented. The gratings are expected to find use in THz signal filtering and chemical or biosensing applications.
Laparoscopic nephrectomy for Wilms’ tumor (2009)

The role of minimally invasive surgery for the treatment of pediatric urological tumors has been limited to biopsies and resection for small neuroblastomas and benign tumors. The purpose of this study is to present the experience of a Brazilian group pioneering laparoscopic nephrectomy for Wilms' tumor. A total of 15 children with unilateral non-metastatic Wilms' tumor were preoperatively treated with vincristine and actinomycin D, and afterwards were submitted to laparoscopic nephrectomy and lymph node sampling. A Veress needle umbilical punction was performed and a four-trocar transperitoneal approach was used. The tumor was extracted inside a plastic bag and without morcellation through a Pfannenstiel incision. In all 15 patients the tumor was completely removed, as well as lymph node samples and no ruptures occurred. A fibrous capsule involved the tumor, making the dissection easy to perform. Intraoperative bleeding was minimal. The postoperative course was free of complications and all the patients were discharged early. No recurrences or long-term complications have been detected in 7-61 months or more of follow-up. We conclude that laparoscopic nephrectomy for Wilms' tumor is a feasible and safe procedure in a selected group of children after chemotherapy. It reproduces all the steps of the open surgical approach required to treat this tumor, with the advantages of a short hospital stay and cosmetically more acceptable incisions.
Damage to the Pore Structure of Hardened Portland Cement Paste by Mercury Intrusion (1997)

Microstructural changes due to mercury intrusion porosimetry were documented in a 6‐month‐old sample of ordinary portland cement paste made with a water/cement ratio of 0.5. Specimens before and after mercury intrusion were viewed at 60% relative humidity using an environmental scanning electron microscope. Specimens were intruded to a pressure just below the critical threshold pressure, removed for observation, then intruded to a pressure well above the critical threshold pressure. Significant damage caused by relatively low pressures of 10–20 MPa was found in the interior of the sample. The connectivity of pores in the 10–1 μm size range was much higher after intrusion.
Multi-Channel Polymer Waveguides with Parabolic and W-Shaped Index Circular Cores for High-Speed Optical Interconnections (2007)

We fabricate parallel optical waveguides with parabolic and W-shaped index circular cores for optical interconnections. These novel waveguides show extremely low loss and strong crosstalk reduction, due to the parabolic and W-shaped profiles.
Design, fabrication and characterization of GaN-based HFET's (2002)

AlGaN-GaN modulation doped field effect transistors (MODFETs) with short gates show great promise for high power microwave amplifier applications. The lattice mismatch between Al/sub x/Ga/sub 1-x/N limits the thickness and/or the fraction of Al in the barrier. An upper limit of x=0.40 exists for 150 /spl Aring/ thick barriers for example, although lower x values and thicker barriers are commonly used. It is also possible to dope the channel, as well as the barrier. A simple analytical design model has been developed to show the tradeoff of 2DEG density with barrier composition and thickness, channel composition and thickness, and the location and sheet density of atomic planar doping.
Comparison of lignin deposition in three ectopic lignification mutants (2005)

The Arabidopsis thaliana mutants de-etiolated3 (det3), pom-pom1 (pom1) and ectopic lignification1 (eli1) all deposit lignins in cells where these polymers would not normally be found. Comparison of these mutants provides an opportunity to determine if the shared mutant phenotype arose by perturbing a common regulatory mechanism in each of the mutants. The mutants were compared using a combination of genetics, histochemistry, chemical profiling, transcript profiling using both Northern blots and microarrays, and bioinformatics. The subset of cells that ectopically lignified was shared between all three mutants, but clear differences in cell wall chemistry were evident between the mutants. Northern blot analysis of lignin biosynthetic genes over diurnal and circadian cycles revealed that transcript abundance of several key genes was clearly altered in all three mutants. Microarray analysis suggests that changes in the expression of specific members of the R2R3-MYB and Dof transcription factor families may contribute to the ectopic lignification phenotypes. This comparative analysis provides a suite of hypotheses that can be tested to examine the control of lignin biosynthesis.
Synthetic Studies on Selective Type 4 Phosphodiesterase (PDE 4) Inhibitors. Part 1. Structure—Activity Relationships and Pharmacological Evaluation of 1,8‐Naphthyridin‐2(1H)‐one Derivatives. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
New Iron Powder for Low Density Applications (2010)

Although most of the new PM applications require high density to withstand demanding loads, many parts are still produced in a density range of 6.0 to 6.6 g/cm³. For such applications, high green strength is a key factor to avoid green cracks during compaction and handling before sintering. These parts must also show good dimensional stability during sintering. A study has been carried out to evaluate the behaviour of various powder grades during sintering. F-0005 and FC-0205 mixes were prepared and pressed to a green density of 6.4 g/cm³. Sintered properties were evaluated and dimensional behaviour characterized by dilatometry. Also, compressibility and green strength were determined at 275, 480 and 690 MPa using a mix with 0.75% EBS wax. Results showed that with proper modification of particle morphology and particle size distribution, the dimensional change can be modified and the green strength improved.
Induction of Apoptosis and Autophagy in Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells by a Novel Synthetic C-1 Analogue of 7-deoxypancratistatin (2011)

Pancreatic cancer is amongst the deadliest cancers in the world. It is associated with poor prognosis, is notorious for developing chemoresistance, and very few approved chemotherapeutics are available to treat this disease. The natural compound pancratistatin (PST) has shown to effectively induce cytotoxicity selectively in numerous cancer cell types. However, it is present in only minute quantities in its natural source and many complications have burdened its chemical synthesis. We have overcome these bottlenecks by synthesizing a C-1 acetoxymethyl analogue of 7-deoxypancratistatin, JC-TH-acetate-4 (JCTH-4), which we have shown to have similar selective anti-cancer activity to that of PST. In this report, we show JCTH-4 to be a potent chemotherapeutic against pancreatic cancer cells (BxPC-3, PANC-1). It induced apoptosis selectively in BxPC-3 and PANC-1 cells by targeting the mitochondria; it dissipated mitochondrial membrane potential, caused release of apoptogenic factors, and in isolated mitochondria, increased the generation of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, JCTH-4 selectively induced autophagy in pancreatic cancer cells while normal human fetal fibroblasts were markedly less sensitive to JCTH-4 insult. Altogether, this study outlines JCTH-4 as a potentially safe and effective chemotherapeutic agent in treating notoriously chemoresistant pancreatic cancer.
Spectroscopic sensing and applications in Silicon Photonics (2017)

We report on miniaturized spectroscopic sensors that are realized using Silicon Photonics technology. This technology relies on CMOS compatible processes to fabricate both Silicon and Silicon-Nitride based photonics integrated circuits. Various spectroscopic sensor designs and applications are discussed.
Speeding on Weekends and Weekdays: Note on Policy Implications (2015)

Speeding in urban areas is a critical safety issue because of the concentration of pedestrians and cyclists. Previous studies have indicated that holiday periods are generally more dangerous for road users in terms of road safety indicators such as crash frequency and speeding. In this regard, weekdays have been generally shown to be safer than weekends. This paper examines potential factors that vary between speeding during weekends and weekdays. To this end, Bayes estimates of a Binomial logistic model were used to obtain model coefficients and their associated odds ratios. Observations from a sample of local streets in Montreal, with speed limits of 40 km/h and 50 km/h, were used. The results showed that evening hours, midday hours, and number of sidewalks were more prevalent in speeding on weekends than on weekdays. Interestingly, night hours were less prevalent in speeding during weekends. This finding contradicts the mainstream belief that weekend nights are more risky with respect to speeding. The authors also found that one-way streets were less prevalent in speeding on weekends. Additionally, speeding on streets with a posted speed limit of 50 km/h was under-represented during weekends. Policy implications that follow from this study’s findings provide noteworthy guidelines for policy makers to plan traffic enforcement strategies more efficiently.
Ion-Exchange Resins: A Retrospective from <i>Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research</i> (2008)

Ion-exchange resins comprise one of the most important scientific developments of the 20th century. Their applicability to water softening, environmental remediation, wastewater treatment, hydrometallurgy, chromatography, biomolecular separations, and catalysis was recognized in numerous publications. The principle of covalently bonding ligands to cross-linked polymer networks became the basis for the area of polymer-supported reagents. The journal Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research and its predecessors have published some of the most important papers in this field. In celebration of its 100th anniversary, this review provides a retrospective of ion-exchange resins through publications appearing in this journal.
Phosphatase of regenerating liver‐3 regulates cancer cell metabolism in multiple myeloma (2021)

Cancer cells often depend on microenvironment signals from molecules such as cytokines for proliferation and metabolic adaptations. PRL-3, a cytokine-induced oncogenic phosphatase, is highly expressed in multiple myeloma cells and associated with poor outcome in this cancer. We studied whether PRL-3 influences metabolism. Cells transduced to express PRL-3 had higher aerobic glycolytic rate, oxidative phosphorylation, and ATP production than the control cells. PRL-3 promoted glucose uptake and lactate excretion, enhanced the levels of proteins regulating glycolysis and enzymes in the serine/glycine synthesis pathway, a side branch of glycolysis. Moreover, mRNAs for these proteins correlated with PRL-3 expression in primary patient myeloma cells. Glycine decarboxylase (GLDC) was the most significantly induced metabolism gene. Forced GLDC downregulation partly counteracted PRL-3-induced aerobic glycolysis, indicating GLDC involvement in a PRL-3-driven Warburg effect. AMPK, HIF-1α, and c-Myc, important metabolic regulators in cancer cells, were not mediators of PRL-3's metabolic effects. A phosphatase-dead PRL-3 mutant, C104S, promoted many of the metabolic changes induced by wild-type PRL-3, arguing that important metabolic effects of PRL-3 are independent of its phosphatase activity. Through this study, PRL-3 emerges as one of the key mediators of metabolic adaptations in multiple myeloma.
Effect of letrozole on urinary bladder function in the female rabbit (2007)

The bladder contractility decline in the first week and was restored at 2 and 3 weeks. The present study unexpectedly showed the possibility that testosterone might be as important as oestrogen in the contractile function of the female bladder.
Multivariate and Boolean Factor Analysis of Immune Complex/Complement Deposits and their Effects on Renal Blood Flow During Allograft Rejection (1990)

The role of humoral immune factors in graft destruction is not fully understood. With immunofluorescence techniques the possibility of a specific pattern and/or clustering of immune complex or complement deposits was analyzed in 140 percutaneous kidney needle biopsies performed in 73 patients with renal allograft dysfunction. The results were correlated with concomitant alterations in renal blood flow as measured by cortical and global perfusion indexes and graft survival. The deposition of IgG, IgM, C3 and C4 correlated significantly with acute rejection confirmed by biopsy (p less than 0.05, less than 0.001, less than 0.02 and less than 0.001, respectively). Subsequent graft survival was compromised when IgA, IgG, IgM, C3, C4 and properdin were present together in biopsy specimens (p less than 0.05). There was a significant clustering of IgA with C3, of IgG with C3 and C4, and of IgM with C1, C3 and C4 (p less than 0.001). There also was a significant association among alterations in renal blood flow, deposition of IgA (p less than 0.05) and C4 (p less than 0.02), and graft outcome. Higher perfusion indexes, indicative of decreased blood flow, showed significant associations (p less than 0.007 and less than 0.04 for the cortical and global perfusion indexes, respectively) with a greater risk of graft loss. Although it primarily is a cellular event, the data suggest that acute rejection is associated with a deposition of various humoral factors that may mediate alterations in renal blood flow. The latter may affect graft function and structural integrity, and, thus, may show a direct correlation with the outcome of a graft.