gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i>Xenopus er71</i> is involved in vascular development (2010)

Vasculogenesis and hematopoiesis are closely linked in developing vertebrates. Recently, the existence of a common progenitor of these two tissues, the hemangioblast, has been demonstrated in different organisms. In Xenopus early vascular and hematopoietic cells differentiate in a region called the anterior ventral blood island (aVBI). Differentiating cells from this region migrate out to form embryonic blood and part of the vascular structures of the early frog embryo. A number of members of the ETS family of transcription factors are expressed in endothelial cells and some of them play important roles at various stages of vascular development. The loss of ER71 function in mice led to a complete loss of blood and vascular structures. Similarly, knock down of the zebrafish homolog of er71, etsrp, greatly affected development of vascular structures and myeloid cells. We have identified the Xenopus ortholog of er71 and could show that er71 function in Xenopus is required for vasculogenesis, but not for the development of hematopoietic cells.
What Do Graphics Calculators And Pedagogical Change In The Secondary Mathematics Classrooms Have In Common? (2005)

Graphics calculators, with a screen large enough to display simultaneously graphs, tables or a student’s keying sequence and answers to multiple problems, have gained widespread acceptance in secondary school classrooms. They provide a cheap, powerful tool for exploring and communicating particular mathematical concepts and their use by teachers in the classroom has been described using metaphors (White, 2004) such as a demon, a servant, an idol, a partner or a liberator. They provide a potential ‘pedagogical Trojan Horse’, moving teachers towards greater studentcentred classroom strategies (White, 2004). As teachers and students gain in confidence and experience in the use of graphics calculators, the very nature of the teaching and learning process in the classroom changes (Farrell, 1996). Graphics calculators become a focus that the teacher and students can use to communicate and share their understanding (Simonson & Dick, 1997). This paper develops a matrix of pedagogical approaches available to the teacher intending to use graphics calculators in the classroom that arises from the research literature. It also discusses the limitations of graphics calculators and their pedagogical implications, such as using examples which push the graphics calculators’ technical limits to assist student understanding (Cavanagh & Mitchelmore, 2003).
New Technology Prevents Data Leakage (2008)

Security experts are working on data-leak-prevention technology to combat threats emanating from employees and others deliberately or inadvertently sending out sensitive material without authorization.
Neurotoxic lesion of oculomotor neruons: evidence for rearrangement of axon terminals of surviving afferent neurons. (1994)

The fate of abducens internuclear neurons was studied after the loss of their target medical rectus motoneurons of the oculomotor nucleus in adult cats. Target motoneurons were killed by injecting ricin, a toxin lectin, into the medial rectus muscle of the eye. The entire population of abducens internuclear neurons survived the loss of target for a long time (1 year), although they exhibited an initial critical period after target loss characterized by a marked reduction of afferent synaptic transmission. One month later, the normal parameters of synaptic transmission resumed. In contrast, the density of axonal terminals of abducens internuclear neurons in the oculomotor nucleus progressively decreased during the year following target loss. Evidence is presented for the reinnervation of a new neuronal target within the oculomotor nucleus that might support both the long-term survival and the recovery of physiological characteristics in the abducens internuclear neurons.
Electrolysis-based on-chip dispensing system for ESI-MS (2003)

We report here an integrated on-chip sample dispensing system for Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS) applications. The stand-alone chip includes an electrolysis-based micropump, a passive micro mixer and an ESI nozzle. Operation of the chip doesn't require any external fluidic coupling because the chip is designed to have samples filled, sealed and stored in reservoirs inside the chip before testing. Demonstrated here is a chip with two sample reservoirs and dispensing of the samples is electrically controlled individually. Experimentally, on-chip co-dispensing of two different samples is successfully achieved with a dispensing flow rate about 50 nl/min and a continuous spray for 2 minutes.
Magnetometric sensitivity optimization for nonlinear optical rotation with frequency-modulated light: Rubidium D2 line (2009)

Atomic spin polarization of alkali atoms in the ground-state can survive thousands of collisions with paraffin-coated cell walls. The resulting long spin-relaxation times achieved in evacuated, paraffin-coated cells enable precise measurement of atomic spin precession and energy shifts of ground-state Zeeman sublevels. In the present work, nonlinear magneto-optical rotation with frequency-modulated light (FM NMOR) is used to measure magnetic field-induced spin precession for rubidium atoms contained in a paraffin-coated cell. The magnetometric sensitivity of FM NMOR for the rubidium D2 line is studied as a function of light power, detuning, frequency-modulation amplitude, and rubidium vapor density. For a 5-cm-diameter cell at temperature T≈35 °C, the optimal shot-noise-projected magnetometric sensitivity is found to be 2×10−11 G/Hz (corresponding to a sensitivity to spin precession frequency of ≈10 μHz/Hz or a sensitivity to Zeeman sublevel shifts of ≈4×10−20 eV/Hz).
FET logic configuration (1978)

A FET logic configuration that uses both enhancement-mode and depletion-mode devices in a single-input, multiple-output logic circuit, will be covered, citing improvement of power-delay product by a factor of four.
CLOUD STORAGE SERVICES (2017)

Cloud computing is a hot topic in recent research and applications. Because it is widely used in various fields. Up to now, Google, Microsoft, IBM, Amazon and other famous co partnership have proposed their cloud computing application. Look upon cloud computing as one of the most important strategy in the future. Cloud storage is the lower layer of cloud computing system which supports the service of the other layers above it. At the same time, it is an effective way to store and manage heavy data, so loud storage attract some researchers. Therefore, the research of cloud storage will not only follow trends, but also has a high application value.\n\nCloud storage is a distributed file system with complicated architecture. Firstly, it is implemented on top of the cloud computing infrastructure which is based on cheap, virtualized and unreliable physical hardware, Secondly, it supports large server scale, and has efficient heavy data storage. For all of these challenge, the key technologies of the system architecture and modules design is Cloud storage.\n\nThis article discusses the background of the development of cloud storage, gives the definition of cloud storage, describes the characteristics of cloud storage, and proposes the mode of cloud storage architecture. Exposing the key technology of cloud storage systematically and comparing functions of different storage software.
Assessment of sideband energy ratio technique in detection of wind turbine gear defects (2015)

Gearbox failure is one of the highest risk events in wind turbines. In most of the wind turbines, planetary gearboxes are preferred over conventional gearboxes due to their significant advantages. But condition monitoring of planetary gearboxes present a huge challenge to the vibration analysts due to complex design and construction of its unit, vibration transducer type and locations, wide frequency range of the vibrations, resolution required to separate frequencies and dynamic range required to observe both low frequency and high frequency components in the spectrum. Due to strong Gear Mesh Frequency (GMF) signals, gear defect vibration characteristics can often be suppressed in the overall vibration signal. So there is a need to develop or utilize various special signal processing techniques in order to identify and monitor the progression of defects in gears more effectively. This paper focuses on one such technique namely Sideband Energy Ratio (SER) for monitoring of gear defect progression in wind turbine gearboxes. Theory behind SER is and its significance in gear defect monitoring is presented in this paper through three case studies. In all the three case studies, SER of 2XGMF were found to be more sensitive than 1XGMF towards gear defect progression.
The Heuristic Powers of Indian Literatures: What Native Authorship Does to Mainstream Texts. (1991)

which includes all of The Way to Rainy Mountain), and especially The Heath Anthology of American Literature (Heath 1990) have made strong efforts to offer Indian oral and written texts to students.But availability doesn't solve an essential (and essentially disturbing) problem for teachers who want to include examples of Indian literatures in American or World literature courses.These instructors must strive to achieve two apparently contradictory goals: the articulation of fundamental differences between Native and mainstream texts; and the delineation of significant ways that Indian and non-Indian texts can speak to one another.Teachers and scholars who ignore the cultural, historical, aesthetic, linguistic, and, in the cases of oral literatures, the performance contexts of Native texts risk making ludicrous or even sacrilegious mistakes.And their students will unwittingly be participating in a form of racism that permits the entrance of "different" perspectives only if they are reformulated into familiar images and concepts.Indian texts become red apples with conveniently thin veneers of the exotic that, once pierced, reveal familiar white (and often male) themes of Man vs. Nature, Man vs. Society, Alienation, etc., rendered accessible by established New Critical or other commonly used interpretive strategies.A consistent emphasis in the separateness--the different-ness--of Indian literatures can lead to equally serious academic and ethical problems: forms of literary ghettoization and tokenism, or, to borrow Peter Carafiol's phrase, transformations of tokens into totems (632).In the latter case, teachers present Indian texts as being so different that they become incomparable to mainstream works and inaccessible to criteria routinely applied to non-Indian {9} literatures.Students may leave such classes perceiving Native American texts as curious objects on the American literary landscape--exotic anomalies to "get through" and then "forget" because they don't "fit."Colleagues who are aware of this process can, furthermore, ridicule the teacher (and by implication the Indian literatures) for not having the courage to let the Native texts "stand next to" familiar classics and "stand up to" established literary standards. 1 Elsewhere, I have suggested several ways to negotiate the frustrating demands of fostering students' awareness of fundamental differences, while still creating opportunities for Indian texts
Systematic non‐double‐couple components of earthquake mechanisms: The role of fault zone irregularity (1994)

Several recent studies have revealed statistical correlations between earthquake mechanism type and associated non‐double‐couple components in catalogs of seismic moment tensors. This systematic behavior may result either from biases in the solutions due to Earth structure effects in different tectonic regimes, or from source radiation effects. For certain large non‐double‐couple events, detailed analyses have shown that multiple subevents with different fault orientations produce the non‐double‐couple radiation. We generalize this idea and simulate non‐double‐couple components (NDCC) resulting from subfaults with variable geometry, showing that the statistical behavior of the NDCC in moment tensor catalogs can be generally accounted for by such source complexity. Assuming that an earthquake fault consists of many subfaults with random fluctuations about some mean geometry, the total moment tensor for failure of the system under a regional stress state can be represented by the sum of moment tensors of the subfaults. The sign of the NDCC in the composite moment tensor directly reflects the stress state applied to the fault system, and the NDCC amplitude is expected to be systematic over a wide range of cumulative seismic moment ( M o ) given the basic fractal nature of fault systems. These simulation results are consistent with the global behavior of the NDCC reported in the Harvard centroid moment tensor catalog for 1977–1991. Parameters such as the applied stress state, parameterization and randomness of the subfault geometry, and seismic moment distribution among the subfaults affect the predicted NDCC amplitude. Change in the parameters as a function of subfault seismic moment controls the shape of the NDCC ‐ M o relationship. Regional variations of the NDCC ‐ M o relationship may thus reflect regional variations in the fault zone parameters, raising the possibility that the regional NDCC behavior may be used to infer stress state and subfault distribution in various source regions.
1. What is Southeast Asia? (2018)

“What is Southeast Asia?” provides a geographical, political, social, and historical overview of each of the eleven nations that make up Southeast Asia. Mainland Southeast Asia is home to hundreds of ethnic groups that are today the citizens of Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam. Island (or maritime) Southeast Asia includes the Malay Peninsula and two huge archipelagos whose even more diverse populations are now citizens of Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, East Timor, and the Philippines. The entire region stretches some 5,000 kilometers from end to end and 4,000 kilometers north to south. It contains 625 million people, around 9% of the world’s population.
A masking based RSA to resist power analysis attacks (2016)

In this paper we have presented a detail on masking which is a technique used to resist power analysis attacks. Some of the works that have been done using this technique have been analyzed. Also, a masking based approach for RSA has been proposed. The proposed works first masks the plaintext and then execute the RSA instructions. In between, some real time random instructions were also inserted which not only masked the values but also could provide variations in the power consumptions thus resisting power analysis attacks.
The Role of Enolase in Tissue Invasion and Metastasis of Pathogens and Tumor Cells (2007)

Recent studies have revealed that a glycolytic enzyme, enolase (ENO), is involved in many different physiological and pathophysiological conditions. ENO can be detected in many prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and is localized in cytoplasm, cell surface and nucleus of various mammalian cells to possibly mediate distinct functions. The surface ENO acts as a plasminogen-binding receptor. Upon cleavage by plasminogen activator, plasminogen is converted to plasmin that can activate collagenase and degrade fibrin and several extracellular matrix proteins. These events are critical in the resolving of fibrous tissue and the invasion of cells through stroma. By concentrating plasminogen on the surface with ENO, cells are provided with a readily source of proteolytic enzymes to assist their penetration of extracellular matrix. Many pathogens, immune cells and tumor cells appear to adopt this strategy for tissue invasion, which may be essential in systemic infection of pathogens, tissue patrolling of immune cells, and metastasis of tumor cells. Surface ENO on Gram-positive bacteria is considered to be a virulence factor. A higher expression of one isoform of mammalian ENO, ENO1 (α-enolase), in tumors is associated with shorter progression-free and overall survival of cancer patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma. Since ENO is present on the surface of many invasive pathogens and tumor cells and plays an important role in tissue invasion and metastasis, ENO may serve as a diagnostic/prognostic factor or a target of therapy of certain infections and cancers.
Treating bronchiectasis in the 21st century: a modern approach to an old disease (2001)

Forty years ago, bronchiectasis was a common disease affecting all age groups. Today it is an uncommon, fairly benign disorder, mainly seen in the older age groups. Management is generally conservative and antibiotics are not usually necessary. Where antibiotics are used they should be chosen for the likely pathogens. (non-author abstract)
Using Graph Analysis Approach to Support Question &amp;amp; Answer on Enterprise Social Network (2012)

Enterprise Social Network (ESN) service is getting more popular recently. It can help employees to communicate and collaborate efficiently with colleagues, with customers and with suppliers. One significant phenomenon happening on ESN is question & answer: people posting questions to the network to get answers from friends or friends-of-friends. However, existing ESN platforms do not have good support to this process. In this paper, we propose a method to better support question & answer on ESN, purely by using a graph analysis approach. Based on the questioner's initial input list of potential answerers, it can extract a shared-interest group of people, whose interest is close to the initial list of potential answerers, and sort the group of people according to a score of interest distance, and then recommend them to the questioner. To evaluate its applicability, the method is implemented in KDWeibo the most popular ESN platform in China, and the results are promising.
Transferring of Speech Movements from Video to 3D Face Space (2006)

We present a novel method for transferring speech animation recorded in low quality videos to high resolution 3D face models. The basic idea is to synthesize the animated faces by an interpolation based on a small set of 3D key face shapes which span a 3D face space. The 3D key shapes are extracted by an unsupervised learning process in 2D video space to form a set of 2D visemes which are then mapped to the 3D face space. The learning process consists of two main phases: 1) Isomap-based nonlinear dimensionality reduction to embed the video speech movements into a low-dimensional manifold and 2) K-means clustering in the low-dimensional space to extract 2D key viseme frames. Our main contribution is that we use the Isomap-based learning method to extract intrinsic geometry of the speech video space and thus to make it possible to define the 3D key viseme shapes. To do so, we need only to capture a limited number of 3D key face models by using a general 3D scanner. Moreover, we also develop a skull movement recovery method based on simple anatomical structures to enhance 3D realism in local mouth movements. Experimental results show that our method can achieve realistic 3D animation effects with a small number of 3D key face models.
Sketch Based Image Retrieval with Cosine Similarity (2017)

In the present paper cosine similarity is used for similarity measurement in sketch to image retrieval with focus on image matching. Similarity measurement is very challenging task in sketches due to its variable dimensions in the edges. Median filters are used to minimize the noises occur in the images due to unknown reasons. After pre-processing of the images in the benchmark database, the features are extracted using Histogram of oriented gradients (HOG). Canny edge detection algorithm is discussed to detect the image edges in several directions. Later the sketch to image matching is calculated by similarity measurement algorithm cosine similarity. A Benchmark sketch image database is considered to prove the proposed algorithms is efficient and works effectively when compared with many existing techniques. It is very important to measure accurate similarity measurement in high dimensional space for information retrieving. This paper presents efficient cosine similarity measurement algorithm. In the present exertion extensive experimental work is carried out inorder to prove the state of art in association with Sketch Based Image Retrieval (SBIR). Keywords: Image retrieval, Cosine similarity, HOG, Canny edge detection, Median filter
The amino acid sequence of mangano superoxide dismutase from Escherichia coli B. (1978)

The complete amino acid sequence of the mangano superoxide dismutase from Escherichia coli B has been deduced through characterization of peptides from cyanogen bromide, bromonitrophenylsulfenyl skatole, citraconylated tryptic, and succinylated tryptic digests of the intact polypeptide chain and through subfragmentation of selected peptides with chymotrypsin, thermolysin, trypsin, and Staphylococcus aureus V8 extracellular protease. No significant homology is detected on comparison with the sequence of the copper- and zinc-containing superoxide dismutase from bovine erythrocytes, indicating that the manganese-iron and the copper-zinc classes of dismutases arose from independent evolutionary ancestors, a proposal previously based solely on enzymological and NH2-terminal sequence data. The amino acid sequence listed below corresponds to a molecular weight of 22,900 and appears to be identical in each subunit polypeptide of the native enzyme dimer. formula: (see text).
Development and Validation of the Medication Regimen Complexity Index (2004)

The MRCI is a reliable and valid tool for quantifying drug regimen complexity with potential applications in both practice and research.
A new method for culture of larvae used in diagnosis of ruminant gastrointestinal strongylosis: comparison with fecal cultures. (1984)

A study was carried out in order to compare two techniques for culture of strongyle larvae: the usual fecal culture and a new one where eggs were extracted from feces and larvae were grown in a more defined medium (agar plate fortified with Earle's medium and yeast extract). The efficiency of "on-agar" cultures was better than that of the fecal cultures with a difference of 26% for Trichostrongylus colubriformis and 32% for Ostertagia circumcincta. The variability observed between the number of larvae collected from each culture was low (8% on average) in comparison with that of fecal cultures (15% on average) thus demonstrating a better reproducibility. On the other hand growth of the larvae was similar to that obtained in fecal medium. This new technique avoids the difficulty of controlling the conditions found in fecal cultures (particularly moisture) and could become a more accurate method for diagnosis than the conventional methods. A morphometric study of infective larvae derived from the two methods of culture was carried out. Despite the more defined conditions of development in the "on-agar" cultures, it was not possible to obtain sufficiently homogeneous populations with regard to their measurements so as to distinguish larvae merely with the help of these criteria.
Off-Shell (4, 4) Supersymmetric Sigma-Models with Torsion in Harmonic Superspace (1998)

We present a manifestly supersymmetric off-shell formulation of a wide class of (4,4) 2D sigma models with torsion and both commuting and non-commuting left and right complex structures in the harmonic superspace with a double set of SU(2) harmonic variables. The distinguishing features of the relevant superfield action are: (i) in general nonabelian and nonlinear gauge invariance ensuring a correct number of physical degrees of freedom; (ii) an infinite tower of auxiliary fields. This action is derived from the most general one by imposing the integrability condition which follows from the commutativity of the left and right analyticity-preserving harmonic derivatives. For a particular class of such models we explicitly demonstrate the non-commutativity of complex structures on the bosonic target.