gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Accurate timekeeping is controlled by a cycling activator in Arabidopsis (2013)

Transcriptional feedback loops are key to circadian clock function in many organisms. Current models of the Arabidopsis circadian network consist of several coupled feedback loops composed almost exclusively of transcriptional repressors. Indeed, a central regulatory mechanism is the repression of evening-phased clock genes via the binding of morning-phased Myb-like repressors to evening element (EE) promoter motifs. We now demonstrate that a related Myb-like protein, REVEILLE8 (RVE8), is a direct transcriptional activator of EE-containing clock and output genes. Loss of RVE8 and its close homologs causes a delay and reduction in levels of evening-phased clock gene transcripts and significant lengthening of clock pace. Our data suggest a substantially revised model of the circadian oscillator, with a clock-regulated activator essential both for clock progression and control of clock outputs. Further, our work suggests that the plant clock consists of a highly interconnected, complex regulatory network rather than of coupled morning and evening feedback loops. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.00473.001.
Non-muscle myosins and the podocyte (2012)

Proteinuria is often accompanied by a pathological change in the glomerulus that is refereed as effacement of the podocyte foot processes. The highly dynamic podocyte foot processes contain an actin-based contractile apparatus comparable to that of pericytes, which needs to be precisely and temporally controlled to withstand high pressure in the capillaries and to maintain intact glomerular filtration properties. This review outlines the most recent concepts on the function of the podocyte contractile apparatus with a focus on the role of non-muscle myosins as they have been highlighted by studies in monogenic hereditary proteinuric diseases.
The influence of silybin on the hepatotoxic and hypoglycemic effects of praseodymium and other lanthanides. (1980)

In rats, i.v. administration of praseodymium, cerium and lanthanum (3 to 14 mg/kg) produced a dose-dependent increase in the serum activities of GOT, GPT and SDH. These dose-response curves of serum enzyme activities were shifted to the right by simultaneous treatment with silybin (75 mg/kg i.p.). Silybin also attenuated the increase of bromosulphthaleine retention and prevented the accumulation of liver triglycerides induced by praseodymium (7 mg/kg i.v.). Furthermore, silybin reduced the mortality rate of rats treated with high doses of the lanthanides. Rats treated with praseodymium (7 mg/kg i.v.) developed a pronounced hypoglycemia. On the 3rd day after praseodymium injection liver glycogen decreased to 4%, liver glutathione (GSH) to 82%, hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450 content to 53%, aniline hydroxylase activity to 58% and aminophenazone demethylase activity to 40% of the control values. Silybin prevented praseodymium-induced hypoglycemia completely and the changes in the biochemical parameters of liver function partially but did not influence the decrease of liver GSH.
Glucocorticoid-mediated induction of glucocortin: a rapid primary response common to major target tissues. (1986)

Glucocorticoids are known to rapidly induce four proteins in rat thymus cells in time to account for the earliest known metabolic hormone effects. We report here an additional protein, which we refer to as "glucocortin" (Mr = 17,000, pI = 4.7). It is of special interest since it is the only protein rapidly induced in all of the glucocorticoid target cells we have examined. We have characterized the kinetics of glucocortin mRNA induction in isolated thymus cells. Giant two-dimensional gel electrophoretic analysis of in vitro translation products reveals a 2-fold increase in the level of translatable mRNA within 15 min of dexamethasone addition, with maximal stimulation (approximately equal to 7-fold) by 45 min. Cycloheximide does not reduce the hormone-mediated increase in glucocortin mRNA, suggesting that the induction represents a primary response to glucocorticoids. This protein is induced by dexamethasone in a dose-dependent manner, with maximal induction at 10(-6) M and partial inductions at concentrations as low as 10(-10) M. It is strongly induced by cortisol at 10(-6) M, but it is not induced by estradiol or testosterone or by thyroid hormone, even at concentrations as high as 10(-6) M. Deoxycorticosterone has no effect at 10(-8) M but does generate a half-maximal effect at 10(-6) M, a finding consistent with its status as a partial glucocorticoid agonist. In summary, glucocortin appears to be a primary glucocorticoid-induced protein that represents the most rapid induction so far detected, and it appears to be the only one that may be common to all glucocorticoid target cells.
Eigenfilter approach for the design of variable fractional delay FIR and all-pass filters (2002)

An eigenfilter approach is presented for designing 1-D and 2-D variable fractional delay FIR and all-pass filters. First, the coefficients of filters are expressed as a polynomial of the fractional delay parameter. Then, the optimal polynomial coefficients are obtained from the elements of the eigenvector corresponding to the minimum eigenvalue of a real, symmetric and positive definite matrix. Finally, several design examples of 1-D and 2-D variable fractional delay FIR and all-pass filters are used to illustrate the effectiveness of the eigenfilter approach.
TAP: A TLP-aware cache management policy for a CPU-GPU heterogeneous architecture (2012)

Combining CPUs and GPUs on the same chip has become a popular architectural trend. However, these heterogeneous architectures put more pressure on shared resource management. In particular, managing the last-level cache (LLC) is very critical to performance. Lately, many researchers have proposed several shared cache management mechanisms, including dynamic cache partitioning and promotion-based cache management, but no cache management work has been done on CPU-GPU heterogeneous architectures. Sharing the LLC between CPUs and GPUs brings new challenges due to the different characteristics of CPU and GPGPU applications. Unlike most memory-intensive CPU benchmarks that hide memory latency with caching, many GPGPU applications hide memory latency by combining thread-level parallelism (TLP) and caching. In this paper, we propose a TLP-aware cache management policy for CPU-GPU heterogeneous architectures. We introduce a core-sampling mechanism to detect how caching affects the performance of a GPGPU application. Inspired by previous cache management schemes, Utility-based Cache Partitioning (UCP) and Re-Reference Interval Prediction (RRIP), we propose two new mechanisms: TAP-UCP and TAP-RRIP. TAP-UCP improves performance by 5% over UCP and 11% over LRU on 152 heterogeneous workloads, and TAP-RRIP improves performance by 9% over RRIP and 12% over LRU.
Systematic overviews of the randomised evidence for the effects of traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and selective inhibitors of cyclo-oxygenase-2 on vascular and upper gastrointestinal outcomes (2013)

<b>Background:</b> Comparative assessments of the vascular and upper gastrointestinal risks of different regimens of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are required. <b>Methods:</b> Meta-analyses were conducted, using individual participant data where possible, of placebo-controlled trials of a selective cyclo-oxygenase [COX]-2 inhibitor ('coxib') or traditional NSAID, or randomised trials of a coxib versus traditional NSAIDs. A prespecified subdivision of traditional NSAID regimens of those with antiplatelet activity (mainly naproxen) and those without (mainly diclofenac) was made. Primary outcomes were major vascular events (MVEs; nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke or vascular death) and upper gastrointestinal complications (UGICs; perforation, obstruction or bleed). <b>Findings:</b> Searches identified 788 trials: 200 comparisons of a coxib vs placebo (88,604 participants, mean follow-up 0.60 years), 206 comparisons of a traditional NSAID vs placebo (43,482 participants, 0.46 years) and 149 comparisons of a coxib vs traditional NSAID (137,466 participants, mean follow-up 0.95 years). Compared to placebo, allocation to a coxib increased the risk of MVEs (rate ratio 1.38, 95% CI 1.14-1.66), vascular mortality (1.58, 1.11-2.24) and UGICs (1.81, 1.17-2.81). Overall, in the population studied, coxibs were associated with three additional major vascular events (one fatal) and two (rarely fatal) upper gastrointestinal complications per 1000 person-years exposure. There was no evidence of heterogeneity by duration of follow-up, coxib type, dose (other than for celecoxib), or patient characteristics, for the primary outcomes. The risk of MVEs for traditional NSAIDs without antiplatelet activity (mostly diclofenac 75mg bd or ibuprofen 800mg tds) were comparable to coxibs (1.40, 1.15-1.72); but the risk of UGICs (1.98, 1.39-2.84) was significantly greater. For traditional NSAIDs with antiplatelet activity (mostly naproxen 500mg bd) there were no significant excess of MVEs (0.84, 0.66-1.08), but UGICs were substantially increased (4.06, 2.85-5.78). Both coxibs and traditional NSAIDs increased risk of hospitalisation for heart failure by about two-fold. <b>Interpretation:</b> The vascular and upper gastrointestinal risks of coxibs and high-dose tNSAID regimens can be predicted, allowing the choice of analgesia to be tailored for particular patients.
Prevention of vomiting after general anesthesia for pediatric ophthalmic surgery. (2001)

We evaluated the effectiveness of a multifaceted general anesthesia protocol designed to minimize postoperative vomiting after pediatric eye surgery. A convenience sample of 150 consecutive children, aged 2 weeks to 18 years, who received general anesthesia for pediatric ophthalmic surgery was studied. General anesthesia was administered with induction by mask for 82.7% of the children and intravenously using propofol in 17.3% of the children. Anesthesia was maintained using halothane or isoflurane, oxygen, and air mixture for all patients. Morphine sulfate was used for additional pain relief, up to 0.1 mg/kg. Gastric aspiration was performed after intubation for each child. Metoclopramide, 0.15 mg/kg, and 0.1 mg/kg of ondansetron were administered before the end of each operation. Postoperatively, patients were monitored for vomiting for 24 hours. Postoperative vomiting occurred in 11 (7.3%) of 150 cases. Acute elevation of intraocular pressure was found in 5 of the 11 children who vomited. This vomiting was unresponsive to intravenous rescue ondansetron, but responded to lowering the intraocular pressure. The incidence of postoperative vomiting after general anesthesia for pediatric eye surgery can be substantially decreased by adopting a protocol designed to lessen the emetic effects of general anesthesia. Limited use of nitrous oxide for mask induction only, gastric emptying, and administration of metoclopramide and ondansetron intravenously in combination proved effective in reducing the incidence of postoperative vomiting.
Patterned buried oxide layers under a single MOSFET to improve the device performance (2003)

A novel quasi-silicon-on-insulator (Q-SOI) metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) has been successfully fabricated, where the drain and source regions were positioned on the patterned buried oxide (BOX) layers while the channel region was left connected to the substrate. The high-quality BOX layers patterned under a single MOSFET were formed by the masked separation by implantation of oxygen technique. The electrical and thermal properties of such a novel Q-SOI device were investigated and the results demonstrated that this Q-SOI device has improved performances over the SOI counterpart because of suppression of the floating-body and self-heating effects.
Enhanced PAL in the UK-a strategy for success (1992)

There are three basic approaches to the transmission of a 16:9 aspect ratio image using the PAL system: the 'letterbox' method, the 'side-panel' method, and a compromise letterbox approach sometimes referred to as a 'window' method. Each has particular advantages and disadvantages. It will be shown that the UK terrestrial broadcasters consider that there will be benefits in being able to choose to transmit some programmes, for a temporary period only, in a compromise letterbox format, as a means of easing the introduction of the enhanced PAL system known as 'PALplus', which uses a 16:9 letterbox. >
Predicting emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), landing behavoir on unwounded ash (2012)

Detection of emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), an invasive forest pest, is difficult in low density populations warranting continual development of various trapping techniques and protocols. Understanding and predicting landing behavior of A. planipennis may assist in the further development of trapping techniques and improvement of trapping protocols for widespread survey programs in North America. Three multiple regression models were developed using ash tree vigor and crown light exposure to predict the landing behavior of A. planipennis. These models were then used to predict the landing density of A. planipennis at separate sites and in separate years. Successful prediction of A. planipennis capture density at the test sites was limited. Even though the multiple regression models were not effective at predicting landing behavior of A. planipennis, tree characteristics were used to predict the likelihood of A. planipennis landing. Trees predicted as having high likelihood of landing had 3.5 times as many A. planipennis adults/m2 on stem traps than trees predicted as having low likelihood of landing. While the landing density of A. planipennis may not be efficiently predicted, the utility of these predictions may be in the form of identifying trees with a high likelihood of A. planipennis landing. Those high likelihood trees may assist in improving existing detection programs and techniques in North American forests.
Encasing Mattresses in Black Plastic Will Not Provide Thermal Control of Bed Bugs, <I>Cimex</I> spp. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) (2006)

The suggestion that bed bug (Cimex spp.; Hemiptera: Cimicidae)-infested mattresses wrapped in black plastic and exposed to sunlight will be heated sufficiently to kill the bed bugs was tested. Two types of mattresses were tested: a thin mattress of solid foam rubber and a thick multilayered inner spring mattress. Temperature probes were placed on both upper and lower sides of the mattresses, which were wrapped in black plastic and placed outside on a summer day for >9 h wherein the ambient temperature peaked at 36.5 degrees C. The maximum recorded temperature on the upper (sun-exposed) sides was 85 degrees C for both mattresses, whereas lower side temperatures for the thick mattress never exceeded 35 degreesC, and some areas of the thin mattress failed to exceed 36.50C. Therefore, with published thermal death points of 40-45 degrees C depending on exposure time, and opportunities for bed bugs to avoid lethal temperatures by retreating from hot zones, this technique seems to be not suitable for bed bug management.
A planar microwave frequency discriminator (2002)

The topology of proposed microwave frequency discriminator circuit involves the elements of one type in the form of quadrature couplers. The structure does not include either transmission line crossings or phase shifters, typically required under such circumstances. The complete frequency discriminator can be made as one planar IC. Such a structure of the frequency discriminator was made and investigated in the L and S frequency band.
A versatile thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitter for both highly efficient doped and non-doped organic light emitting devices (2015)

A thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) emitter (DMAC-TRZ) was reported either as the emitting dopant in a host or as the non-doped (neat) emitting layer to achieve high EL EQEs of up to 26.5% and 20% in OLEDs, respectively.
Fast algorithms for implementing RSA public key cryptosystem (1985)

Fast algorithms are presented for implementing the public key cryptosystem proposed by Rivest, Shamir and Adleman. The fast algorithms are based on the fast integer multiplications scheme due to Schonhage and Strassen and the proposed iterative division algorithm.
Rationale for using TNFα and chemotherapy in regional therapy of melanoma (1994)

Recombinant tumor necrosis factor-alpha (rTNF alpha) has potent antitumor activity in experimental studies on human tumor xenografts. However, in humans, the administration of rTNF alpha is hampered by severe systemic side-effects. The maximum tolerated dose ranges from 350 to 500 mg/m2, which is at least 10-fold less than the efficient dose in animals. Isolation perfusion of the limbs (ILP) allows the delivery of high dose rTNF alpha in a closed system with acceptable side-effects. A protocol with triple-drug regimen was based on the reported synergism of rTNF alpha with chemotherapy, with interferon-gamma, and with hyperthermia. In melanoma-in-transit metastases (stage IIIA or AB) we obtained a 91% complete response, compared with 52% after ILP with melphalan alone. Release of nanograms levels of TNF alpha in the systemic circulation was evident but control of this leakage and appropriate intensive care resulted in acceptable toxicity. Angiographic, immunohistological, and immunological studies suggest that the efficacy of this protocol is due to a dual targeting: rTNF alpha activates and electively lyses the tumor endothelial cells while melphalan is mainly cytotoxic to the tumor cells. ILP with rTNF alpha appears to be a useful model for studying the biochemotherapy of cancer in man.
Design of a High Resolution Positron Emission Tomograph (1980)

The design of a high resolution positron emission tomograph is described. The scanner has four rings of detectors with an inside diameter of 38 cm and produces seven simultaneous slices, including three cross-slices. Each ring contains 128 bismuth germanate scintillation detectors with dimensions of 8.25 x 20 x 35 mm; adjacent crystals are separated by tapered tungsten septa that extend to within 7.5 mm of the front faces. The anticipated geometrical spatial resolution of the scanner is 4.5 mm full width at half maximum (FWHM) at the center of the image, and the sensitivity is 44,000 true counts/sec/ring (390,000 counts/sec total) for a uniform phantom 20 cm in diameter containing 1 muCi/cc activity. There are interchangeable collimators for use in high count rate studies, for narrowing the slice width from 1 cm FWHM to 5 mm FWHM, and for ultra-high resolution studies with a 2.5 mm FWHM geometrical point spread function. The electronic circuitry has separate timing and energy verification channels and can detect 95% of the coincidences with a timing window (twice the maximum time between two coincident pulses) of 14 nsec. The count rate capability of the electronics is 150,000 counts/sec/ring and 1.5 million counts/sec total.
Survival analysis and neural nets (1994)

We consider feed-forward neural nets and their relation to regression models for survival data. We show how the back-propagation algorithm may be used to obtain maximum likelihood estimates in certain standard regression models for survival data, as well as in various generalizations of these. Examples concerning malignant melanoma and post-partum amenorrhoea during lactation are used as illustration. We conclude that although problems with the substantial number of parameters and their interpretation remain, the feed-forward neural network models are flexible extensions to the standard regression models and thereby candidates for use in prediction and exploratory analyses in larger data sets.
Tunable metamaterial transmission lines based on varactor-loaded split-ring resonators (2006)

In this paper, it is demonstrated that varactor-loaded split-ring resonators (VLSRRs) coupled to microstrip lines can lead to metamaterial transmission lines with tuning capability. Both negative permeability (mu<0) and double (or left-handed) negative media have been designed and fabricated with tuning ranges as wide as 30%. The negative effective permeability is provided by the VLSRRs in a narrow band above their resonant frequency, which can be bias controlled by virtue of the presence of diode varactors. To achieve a negative effective permittivity in the left-handed structure, metallic vias emulating shunt inductances are periodically placed between the conductor strip and the ground plane. The lumped-element equivalent-circuit models of the designed structures have been derived. It has been found that these models provide a good qualitative description of device performance. Since the VLSRR microstrip line and the line loaded with both VLSRRs and vias exhibit stopband and bandpass behavior, respectively, the ideas presented in this study can be applied to the design of narrowband tunable frequency-selective structures with compact dimensions. This is the first time that a tunable left-handed transmission line, based on SRRs, is proposed
Tuning T Cell Activation: The Function of CD6 At the Immunological Synapse and in T Cell Responses (2016)

CD6 immunotherapy to treat psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis has reached the clinical trial stage with apparent success, and targeting CD6 with mAbs is being used in several animal models of autoimmunity and neuroinflammation with promising indications. However, the mode of action of the therapeutic CD6 mAbs is far from being understood, reflecting the uncertainties and controversy surrounding the mechanistic and biological functions of CD6. Initially regarded as a co-stimulatory receptor of T lymphocytes, recent studies suggest that CD6 can instead modulate early as well as late T cell responses. Also, opposing the contribution of CD6 adhesiveness in the establishment and stabilization of immunological synapses, the actual triggering of CD6 might induce anti-proliferative signals to the T lymphocyte. CD6 has an unusually long cytoplasmic tail and its gene undergoes peculiar patterns of activation-dependent alternative splicing that can on one hand determine whether or not the CD6 protein binds to its ligand, and on the other include or exclude intracellular sequences that may transduce positive or negative signaling. In this review we discuss the multiple aspects that determine the nature of the signals transmitted via CD6 and the context that may define a dual role for this important T cell surface molecule.