gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CCL5 promotes VEGF-dependent angiogenesis by down-regulating miR-200b through PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in human chondrosarcoma cells (2014)

Chondrosarcoma is the second most common primary malignant bone cancer, with potential for local invasion and distant metastasis. Chemokine CCL5 (formerly RANTES) of the CC-chemokine family plays a crucial role in metastasis. Angiogenesis is essential for the cancer metastasis. However, correlation of CCL5 with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and angiogenesis in human chondrosarcoma is still unknown. CCL5-mediated VEGF expression was assessed by qPCR, ELISA, and Western blotting. CCL5-induced angiogenesis was examined by migration and tube formation in endothelial progenitor cells in vitro. CCL5 increased VEGF expression and also promoted chondrosarcoma conditional medium-mediated angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Stimulation of chondrosarcoma with CCL5 augmented PI3K and Akt phosphorylation, while PI3K and Akt inhibitor or siRNA abolished CCL5-induced VEGF expression and angiogenesis. We also demonstrated CCL5 inhibiting miR-200b expression and miR-200b mimic reversing the CCL5-enhanced VEGF expression and angiogenesis. Moreover, in chondrosarcoma patients showed the positive correlation between CCL5 and VEGF; negative correlation between CCL5 and miR-200b. Taken together, results demonstrate CCL5 promoting VEGF-dependent angiogenesis in human chondrosarcoma cells by down-regulating miR-200b through PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
Design and development of data security automatic testing system on public cloud (2016)

In this paper, we study an automatic testing system for public cloud on data security risks. To this end, we first establish a framework based on SOA (Service Oriented Architecture), which provides a capability to proceed data security tests on cloud automatically. Second, based on the framework we implement a cloud security testing system, which includes data confidentiality test and data deletion risk test. The testing results show that the system can identify security risks on data transmission and storage process of cloud service.
Studies on the preparation and properties of conductive polymers. III. Metallized polymer films by retroplating out (1991)

Abstract A novel method to prepare polymer metallized films was found by using polymer metal chelate films treated with wetted metal plates (or metal powders). The polymer metal chelate films were prepared by metal salts mixed with the polymers containing a functional group, such as poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), polyamide, polyacrylamide (PAAm), and polyurethane (PU). This novel method is called the retroplating‐out method. Polymer metallized films exhibited low surface resistivity around 10 −1 Ω/cm 2 by using this novel method. The surfaces of these films were shown to be metallized by means of X‐ray analysis. The conduction mechanism was verified reasonably well by using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and UV‐visible absorption data.
Equivalent Modulator Circuits (1939)

Equivalent modulator circuits are developed in the form of linear resistance networks. They are equivalent in the sense that the current magnitude in any mesh of the network is equal to the current amplitude of a corresponding frequency component in the modulator. The elements of the network are determined by the properties of the modulator, while the terminating resistances are those physically existent in the connected circuit. With this correspondence demonstrated, the operating features of the modulator may be deduced from the known properties of linear networks. Among the properties considered are the transfer efficiency from signal to sideband, and the input resistance to signal as affected by the sideband load resistance. Equivalent networks are worked out for a number of interesting cases, involving different impedances to unwanted modulation products, together with different non-linear characteristics. The equivalents come out comparatively simple in form under the restrictions noted and followed in the text, which make the carrier large compared to the signal, and the circuit elements purely resistive.
Canine Liver Isolation-Perfusion at Normo- and Hyperthermic Temperatures with Perfluorochemical Emulsion (Fluosol-43) (1985)

A perfluorocarbon emulsion, Fluosol-43, was used as a blood substitute for oxygen transport during isolation-perfusion of the dog liver at 37 and 43 degrees C. Preservation of hepatic functional integrity was assessed through analysis of perfusate constituents and animal survival after perfusion. Flow to the liver during perfusion was greater than 1 ml/min/g with one-third of total flow provided through the hepatic artery and two-thirds through the protal vein. Perfusion duration was 3 h. The pO2 gradient across th liver indicated that oxygen was consumed during perfusion at both temperatures. The expected rise in pCO2 and decrease in pH of the outflow perfusate is consistent with active aerobic metabolism. Perfusate chemistries lactate, pyruvate, glucose, urea, total alpha-amino acids, ketone bodies and SGPT demonstrated that hepatic functional integrity was maintained during perfusion. Significant differences (p less than 0.05) between temperatures occurred in the perfusate levels of lactate, pyruvate, L/P ratios, glucose and total alpha-amino acids. Animal survival after a 3-hour perfusion was 3/4 at 37 degrees C, and 2/5 at 43 degrees C. After perfusion, SGPT levels were significantly higher in dogs subjected to perfusion at 43 degrees C. The success of these experiments demonstrates that perfusion of the liver with Fluosol-43 was not in itself hepatotoxic, and that Fluosol-43 may allow perfusion of the liver at 43 degrees C with only wild toxicity.
Poliomyelitis (1947)

Without submitting any ready solution of Africa's problems I suggest that it should be borne in mind that the population problem is one of balance, and that the economy of grossly underdeveloped, countries can be improved more readily and more to the general advantage of the world by an increase in the supportive capacity of the land than by a restriction of population, though ultimately that must come.Colonial development is not " whistling in the wind " but the essential background of human welfare, which should be at least as much the concern of your readers as the policy of despair you advocate.The ignorant and poverty-stricken peasant is.admittedly an inadequate foundation for an enlightened state of society, or for the production of goods to be exchanged with industrial countries.The remedy may lie in the cure of his ignorance and poverty rather than in the restriction of his numbers.-Iam, etc.,
Multistage Organic Redox Systems—A General Structural Principle (1978)

Abstract A general structural principle for organic compounds that have the capacity for two‐stage electron transfer is based on the following reaction sequence: equation image In this scheme one or both of the entities X may be replaced by Y ⊖ . The radical partners in these systems often have very high thermodynamic stability. The choice of the end groups X and Y, (partial) inclusion of n‐systems in rings, alteration of the number of vinylene groups, and aza‐substitution make many variations possible. By means of this general structural principle numerous known compounds are brought together and new redox systems are simultaneously set up. The aim of the present review is to demonstrate the broad applicability of this principle, to indicate its significance for science and industry, and to describe some reactions.
Native and Modified Low Density Lipoproteins Increase the Functional Expression of the Macrophage Class B Scavenger Receptor, CD36 (1997)

The uptake of oxidized low density lipoprotein (OxLDL) by macrophages is a key event implicated in the initiation and development of atherosclerotic lesions. Two macrophage surface receptors, CD36 (a class B scavenger receptor) and the macrophage scavenger receptor (a class A scavenger receptor), have been identified as the major receptors that bind and internalize OxLDL. Expression of CD36 in monocyte/macrophages in tissue culture is dependent both on the differentiation state as well as exposure to soluble mediators (cytokines and growth factors). The regulatory mechanisms of this receptor in vivo are undetermined as is the role of lipoproteins themselves in modulating CD36 expression. We studied the effect of lipoproteins, native LDL and modified LDL (acetylated LDL (AcLDL) and OxLDL) on the expression of CD36 in J774 cells, a murine macrophage cell line. Exposure to lipoproteins resulted in a marked induction of CD36 mRNA expression (4-8-fold). Time course studies showed that maximum induction was observed 2 h after treatment with AcLDL and at 4 h with LDL and OxLDL. Increased expression of CD36 mRNA persisted for 24 h with each treatment group. Induction of CD36 mRNA expression was paralleled by an increase in CD36 protein as determined by Western blot with the greatest induction by OxLDL (4-fold). In the presence of actinomycin D, treatment of macrophages with LDL, AcLDL, or OxLDL did not affect CD36 mRNA stability, implying that CD36 mRNA was transcriptionally regulated by lipoproteins. To determine the mechanism(s) by which lipoproteins increased expression of CD36 we evaluated the effects of lipoprotein components on CD36 mRNA expression. ApoB 100 increased CD36 mRNA expression significantly, whereas phospholipid/cholesterol liposomes had less effect. Incubation of macrophages with bovine serum albumin or HDL reduced expression of CD36 mRNA in a dose-dependent manner. Finally, to evaluate the in vivo relevance of the induction of CD36 mRNA expression by lipoproteins, peritoneal macrophages were isolated from mice following intraperitoneal injection of lipoproteins. Macrophage expression of CD36 mRNA was significantly increased by LDL, AcLDL, or OxLDL in relation to mice infused with phosphate-buffered saline, with OxLDL causing the greatest induction (8-fold). This is the first demonstration that exposure to free and esterified lipids augments functional expression of the class B scavenger receptor, CD36. These data imply that lipoproteins can further contribute to foam cell development in atherosclerosis by up-regulating a major OxLDL receptor.
서울의 노인복지주택과 하와이주 은퇴주거단지(R.C)의 비교 분석 (2017)

There are many kinds of benefits for the elderly in Hawaii including social security & public housing. Especially old people want to live in Honolulu, Oahu because of the weather condition. This study was focused on the elderly housing in Honolulu, Hawaii and the purpose was to present the directions for the Korea elderly housing through the analysis of literature research and site visiting of the Elderly housing of Honolulu. It can be summarized as follows: First, National and local government have to support private companies like Hawaii state government support the elderly housing by the policy such as section8, section202, LIHTC. Second, The support of government for the low income elderly housing like public silver housing should be vitalized. Third, When comparing housing facilities, Subsidiary facilities' ratio of Seoul is higher than Honolulu's ratio, therefore we need more careful design and make a connect with community facilities. fourth, It's very important for the elderly to be aging in place that skilled nursing facilities have to be designed when build new elderly housing.
New silicone transformer fluid: an environmental review (1977)

Information is provided from an environmental impact review by the Dow Corning Corp. of a commercial silicone liquid used as an insulating coolant for electric power transformers to replace PCB-containing askarels. EPA is unaware of any significant incidents of adverse health or ecological effects associated with production, use, or disposal of polydimethylsiloxane, and laboratory data do not suggest the likelihood of environmental problems. Experiments have not indicated that the fluids bioaccumulate in mammalian and wildlife species. Soil is one of the most destructive natural environments to the silicone fluid molecule. (1 graph, 1 photo)
Mean-shape vector quantizer for ECG signal compression (1999)

A direct waveform mean-shape vector quantization (MSVQ) is proposed here as an alternative for electrocardiographic (ECG) signal compression. In this method, the mean values for short ECG signal segments are quantized as scalars and compression of the single-lead ECG by average beat substraction and residual differencing their waveshapes coded through a vector quantizer. An entropy encoder is applied to both, mean and vector codes, to further increase compression without degrading the quality of the reconstructed signals. In this paper, the fundamentals of MSVQ are discussed, along with various parameters specifications such as duration of signal segments, the wordlength of the mean-value quantization and the size of the vector codebook. The method is assessed through percent-residual-difference measures on reconstructed signals, whereas its computational complexity is analyzed considering its real-time implementation. As a result, MSVQ has been found to be an efficient compression method, leading to high compression ratios (CR's) while maintaining a low level of waveform distortion and, consequently, preserving the main clinically interesting features of the ECG signals. CR's in excess of 39 have been achieved, yielding low data rates of about 140 bps. This compression factor makes this technique especially attractive in the area of ambulatory monitoring.
Applying model checking to BPEL4WS business collaborations (2005)

Web services are a very appropriate communication mechanism to perform distributed business processes among several organisations. These processes should be reliable, because a failure in them can cause high economic losses. In this work we propose a framework for the verification of business processes, called VERBUS. Its aim is to help the designer to find errors in specifications at design time, thus increasing their reliability. Contrary to verification frameworks previously proposed for business processes, VERBUS is a modular an extensible framework, in the sense that it is not tied to specific process definition languages or verification tools. This is achieved with the definition of an intermediate formalism that disconnects definition languages from verification tools. In this paper we present VERBUS, and its prototype, that integrates the BPEL4WS definition language and the Spin and SMV verification tools.
Realization of a Laughlin quasiparticle interferometer: Observation of fractional statistics (2005)

In two dimensions, the laws of physics permit the existence of anyons, particles with fractional statistics which are neither Fermi nor Bose. That is, upon exchange of two such particles, the quantum state of a system acquires a phase which is neither 0 nor $\ensuremath{\pi}$, but can be any value. The elementary excitations (Laughlin quasiparticles) of a fractional quantum Hall fluid have a fractional electric charge and are expected to obey fractional statistics. In this paper we report experimental realization of a Laughlin quasiparticle interferometer, where quasiparticles of the $1∕3$ fluid execute a closed path around an island of the $2∕5$ fluid and thus acquire statistical phase. Interference fringes are observed as conductance oscillations as a function of magnetic flux, similar to the Aharonov-Bohm effect. We observe the interference shift by one fringe upon introduction of five magnetic flux quanta $(5h∕e)$ into the island. The corresponding $2e$ charge period is confirmed directly in calibrated gate experiments. These results constitute direct observation of fractional statistics of Laughlin quasiparticles.
The Silicon-Target Vidicon (1977)

With 1800 diodes per inch on a silicon wafer, this vidicon is replacing the standard vidicon in many applications and also performing in completely new situations where previous camera tubes were useless.
Four years of low-altitude sea ice broad-band backscatter measurements (1982)

The ability to use radar to discriminate Arctic Sea ice types has been investigated using surface-based and helicopter-borne scatterometer systems. The surface-based FM/CW radar operated at 1.5 GHz and at multiple frequencies in the 8-18-GHz region. Measurements were made at angles of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">10\deg</tex> to <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">70\deg</tex> from nadir. The helicopter-based radar operated at the 8-18-GHz frequencies with incidence angles of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0\deg</tex> to <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">60\deg</tex> . Extensive surface-truth measurements were made at or near the time of backscattar measurement to describe the physical and electrical properties of the polar scene. Measurements in the 8-18-GHz region verify the ability to discriminate multiyear, thick first-year, thin first-year, and pressure-ridged sea ice and lake ice. The lowest frequency, 9 GHz, was found to provide the greatest contrast between these ice categories, with significant levels of separation existing between angles from <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">15\deg</tex> to <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">70\deg</tex> . The radar cross sections for like antenna polarizations, VV and HH, were very similar in absolute level and angular response. Cross-polarization, VH and HV, provided the greatest contrast between ice types, The 1.5-GHz measurements showed that thick first-year, thin first-year, and multiyear sea ice cannot be distinguished at <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">10\deg</tex> to <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">60\deg</tex> incidence angles with like polarization, VV, by backscatter alone; but that undeformed sea ice can be discriminated from pressure-ridged ice and lake ice. The effect of snow cover on the backscatter from thick first-year ice was also investigated. It contributes on the order of 0 to 4 dB, depending on frequency and incidence angle; the contribution of the snow layer increased with increasing frequency. Snow cover on smooth lake ice was found to be a major backscatter mechanism. Summer measurements demonstrate the inability to extend the knowledge of the backscatter from sea ice under spring conditions to all seasons.
Physiological changes in ageing skin (1990)

The principal functions of the skin include protection, excretion, secretion, absorption, thermoregulation, pigmentogenesis, accumulation, sensory perception and regulation of immunological processes. These functions are all affected by the structural changes in the skin with ageing and, after middle age, most functions are reduced, some by as much as 50-60%. The physiological changes associated with these reductions include impairment of the barrier function, decreased turnover of epidermal cells, reduced numbers of keratinocytes and fibroblasts, and a reduced vascular network particularly around hair bulbs and glands. These changes result in fibrosis and atrophy, and decreases in hair and nail growth, vitamin D synthesis and the density of Langerhans cells. Production of epidermal thymocyte-activating factor, which enhances the T-cell response, is reduced leading to a decrease in the immune response; there is also a decreased functioning of Meissner's and Pacinian corpuscles. An increased generation of free radicals is observed. Certain environmental factors, particularly exposure to sun, accelerate the ageing of skin and are important in cutaneous carcinogenesis.
Charge transport and trapping characteristics in thin nitride-oxide stacked films (1988)

A charge transport and trapping model for thin nitride-oxide stacked films between silicon substrates and polysilicon gates is proposed. Nitride-oxide stacked films can be thought of as an oxide film with electron trapping at the nitride/oxide interface. The density of electron trapping is determined by the current-continuity requirement. The electron trapping reduces the leakage current and helps to lower the incidence of early failures for nitride-oxide stacked films.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
An improved method for automatic validation of communication protocols (2002)

A novel relief strategy for reachability analysis which can reduce the state-space problem by combining states that have similar behavior into a single aggregate state representation is proposed. The proposed method can be considered as a new encoding scheme for reducing the state explosion problem. Three algorithms are proposed to perform the validation using the aggregate states representation. The method can be used to validate protocols specified in the communicating finite-state machine (CFSM) model and the extended finite-state machine (EFSM) model. It has the same analytical power as the conventional reachability analysis but requires less time and space than the conventional method.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Fat tree encoder design for ultra-high speed flash A/D converters (2003)

The thermometer code-to-binary code encoder has become the bottleneck of ultra-high speed flash ADCs. In this paper, the authors present the fat tree thermometer code-to-binary code encoder that is highly suitable for ultra-high speed flash ADCs. The simulation and the implementation results show that the fat tree encoder outperforms the commonly used ROM encoder in terms of speed and power for the 6 bit CMOS flash ADC case. The speed is improved by almost a factor of 2 when using the fat tree encoder, which in fact demonstrates the fat tree encoder is an effective solution for the bottleneck problem in ultra-high speed ADCs.
Probabilistic Machine Learning for Healthcare (2021)

Machine learning can be used to make sense of healthcare data. Probabilistic machine learning models help provide a complete picture of observed data in healthcare. In this review, we examine how probabilistic machine learning can advance healthcare. We consider challenges in the predictive model building pipeline where probabilistic models can be beneficial, including calibration and missing data. Beyond predictive models, we also investigate the utility of probabilistic machine learning models in phenotyping, in generative models for clinical use cases, and in reinforcement learning.