gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Automatic interpretation of human faces and hand gestures using flexible models. (1995)

Face images and hand gestures provide a very ef# fective means of visual communication between humans. Similarly automatic face and gesture rec# ognition systems could be employed for contactless human-machine interaction systems. How# ever, developing such system is difficult, because faces and hands are both complex and highly vari# able structures. We describe how flexible models can be used to represent appearance variations of faces and hands and how these models can be used for tracking and interpretation. Experimental re# sults are presented for face pose recovery, face identification, expression recognition and gesture interpretation. 1 Introduction This paper addresses the problem of locating and interpreting faces and hand gestures in images. By interpreting face images we mean recovering the 3D pose, identifying the individual and recognising the expression; for the hand images we mean re# cognising the configuration of the fingers. In both cases different instances of the ...
Inhibitor Targeting the Interface between Monomers of HU Protein from Spiroplasma melliferum Disrupts Conformational Dynamics and DNA-Binding Properties of the Protein (2020)

Histone-like HU proteins are global regulators of the topology of the bacterial genome and are involved in transcriptional regulation. These proteins are essential for the survival of the simplest free-living microorganisms of the Mollicutes class and a number of pathogenic bacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Streptococcus pneumonia, and are promising targets for the design of new antibiotics. However, the competitive inhibition of the DNA-binding ability of HU proteins is inefficient because of high flexibility and the large size of the DNA-binding site. Hence, an alternative approach was employed based on searching for molecules targeting the interface between two monomers. The three-dimensional structure of the HU protein from Spiroplasma melliferum (HUSpm) was used as a target for the virtual screening of the compound library and for the modeling of HUSpm in complex with the inhibitor. An analysis of the molecular dynamics trajectory calculated for the HUSpm–inhibitor complex confirmed the fact that the binding of the inhibitor at the interface between monomers leads to the disruption of conformational dynamics in the region of the DNA-binding domain. The gel retardation assay showed that the inhibitor actually disturbs DNA-binding activity of the protein, thereby indicating that this is a promising approach.
Fiber Optics and Video: A Background (1988)

The television industry has been slower to use fiber optics as a replacement for wire-based transmission systems than have the telephone companies. By 1984, fiber optics was into its third generation in the telecommunications markets. Its declining cost, coupled with its lower weight, smaller size, noise immunity, and longer repeaterless transmission, have allowed fiber optics to compete against traditional copper-wire and microwave transmission methods on a cost/performance basis. The continuing improvements of optical transmission components, along with developments in digital video signal processing, present an opportunity for the television industry to reexamine the use of fiber optics. To provide new users and designers with a background and a basis for comparison, this article reviews the status of some of the individual optical components used with fiber-optic transmission systems.
Synthesis of kavain, dihydrokavain, and analogs (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of kavain, dihydrokavain, and analogsZ. H. Israili and E. E. SmissmanCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1976, 41, 26, 4070–4074Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00888a004https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00888a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views489Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Ti Si 2 ∕ Si heteronanocrystal metal-oxide-semiconductor-field-effect-transistor memory (2006)

Ti Si 2 ∕ Si heteronanocrystals with a density of 5×1011cm−2 were formed on a thermally oxidized p-type Si substrate by using self-aligned silicide technique. Metal-oxide-semiconductor-field-effect-transistor (MOSFET) memory devices were fabricated using these heteronanocrystals as floating gates. As compared to Si nanocrystal MOSFET memory, TiSi2∕Si heteronanocrystal memories exhibit higher charge storage capacity, longer retention, better writing efficiency, less writing saturation, and faster erasing speed.
Synthesis and HIV-1 Integrase Inhibition of Novel Bis- or Tetra-Coumarin Analogues (2007)

Present studies were undertaken on the preparation of synthetic analogues of bis- or tetra-coumarins and their activity against HIV-1 integrase (HIV-1 IN). Among these coumarin analogues, compounds 14, 16 and 18 were found to be potent molecules against HIV-1 IN at IC50 values of 0.96, 0.58, and 0.49 microM, respectively. The results provided a tool for guiding the further design of more potent antiviral agents and for predicting the affinity of related compounds.
Ligand-Promoted Pd(II)-Catalyzed Functionalization of Unactivated C(sp<sup>3</sup>)–H Bond: Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of Arylated Rimantadine Derivatives (2015)

Stereoselective functionalization of the adamantyl bridge methylene C(sp3)–H bonds is a rather appealing, yet challenging strategy due to the bulky and unactivated nature. Here we present a palladium-catalyzed C(sp3)–H arylation/hetereoarylation of the antivirus drug rimantadine with the picolinamide moiety as the bidentate directing group and a mono-N-protected amino acid (MPAA) as the ligand. Multisubstituted rimantadine substrates and diverse aryl/heteroaryl iodides are well tolerated, and a series of optically pure arylated rimantadine derivatives have been synthesized in high regio- and diastereoselectivity that provides ample compound space for further pharmaceutical research.
Drag and Drop Image CAPTCHA (2010)

The massive and automated access to Web resources through robots has made it essential for Web service providers to make some conclusion about whether a user is human or robot. A Human Interaction Proof (HIP) like Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart (CAPTCHA) offers a way to make such a distinction. CAPTCHA is essentially a modern implementation of Turing test, which carries out its job through a particular text based, image based or audio based challenge response system. In this paper we present a new image based CAPTCHA technique. Properties of the proposed technique offer all of the benefits of image based CAPTCHAs; grant an improved security control over the usual text based techniques and at the same time improve the user-friendliness of the Web page. Further, the paper briefly reviews various other existing CAPTCHA techniques.
Editorial (2000)

uthors who come to us with ideas often reflect challenges set out on the pages of Hospital Quarterly.In this way, we present different points of view on important issues facing healthcare organizations.You will recall, for example, the consumer perspective on care provided by Valerie McDonald (Winter 1999/2000) -a reflection of both good and bad from her extensive hospital experience.In this issue, Joan Tranmer responds directly and includes a recommended caring protocol.She, in effect, champions the role of the patient in setting expectations and participating in the care process.Mary Ferguson-Paré et al. continue the theme that care must be "client-centred" and give voice to their perspective.This thoughtful article considers the special needs of the elderly and urges us to respect their interests and needs rather than devaluing them as consumers.Margaret Fitch considers the role of supportive care for the cancer patient.She points out that the support system is potentially very broad but not fully coordinated or integrated within the cancer care system.She writes, "For cancer patients and their families, supportive care and treatment must be interwoven so that the cancer tumour is attached and the human spirit is uplifted.Doris Grinspun puts these issues into perspective by highlighting the limiting factors to providing caring practices -a succinct summary of the roadblocks often faced by nurses in the workplace.Never before have the issues of nursing as a profession and the provision of nursing services been more critical -a profession with a long history of dedication to meeting patient needs and of striving to provide services of highest quality to their patients.Administrators who encourage best practices in their healthcare organizations are well served by a paper prepared by Louise Lemieux-Charles et al.It reports on work being undertaken to integrate performance indicators into the accreditation process.In the Winter 1999/2000 issue, Jeffrey Weatherill described a model for rural healthcare organizations to collaborate with health sciences centres.In this issue, Kevin Smith et al. respond with a model to optimize the relationship between the Academic Health Centre and the Community Hospital.They encourage a common vision to achieve best care through best practices.The columns and opinion pieces once again present the reader with important information.For instance, we appreciate Robert McMurtry's overview of the major changes in research funding in Canada; Raisa Deber's analysis of the Federal/Provincial healthcare costs debate; and Mittman's perspective on the future of the Internet in healthcare.This balance of best practices, science and technology will continue in Hospital Quarterly as we strive to present you with valuable and interesting perspectives.Please continue to provide your thoughtful responses.They are invigorating.
Identification and fine mapping of two blast resistance genes in rice cultivar 93-11 (2013)

Rice blast, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, is a major disease of rice almost worldwide. The Chinese indica cultivar 93-11 is resistant to numerous isolates of the blast fungus in China, and can be used as broad-spectrum resistance resource, particularly in japonica rice breeding programs. In this study, we identified and mapped two blast resistance genes, Pi60(t) and Pi61(t), in cv. 93-11 using F2 and F3 populations derived from a cross between the susceptible cv. Lijiangxintuanheigu (LTH) and resistant cv. 93-11 and inoculated with M. oryzae isolates from different geographic origins. Pi60(t) was delimited to a 274 kb region on the short arm of chromosome 11, flanked by InDel markers K1-4 and E12 and cosegregated with InDel markers B1 and Y10. Pi61(t) was mapped to a 200 kb region on the short arm (near the centromere) of chromosome 12, flanked by InDel markers M2 and S29 and cosegregating with InDel marker M9. In the 274 kb region of Pi60(t), 93-11 contains six NBS-LRR genes including the two Pia/PiCO39 alleles (BGIOSGA034263 and BGIOSGA035032) which are quite close to the two Pia/PiCO39 alleles (SasRGA4 and SasRGA5) in Sasanishiki and CO39, with only nine amino acids differing in the protein sequences of BGIOSGA035032 and SasRGA5. In the 200 kb region of Pi61(t), 93-11 contains four NBS-LRR genes, all of which show high identities in protein sequence with their corresponding NBS-LRR alleles in susceptible cv. Nipponbare. Comparison of the response spectra and physical positions between the target genes and other R genes in the same chromosome regions indicated that Pi60(t) could be Pia/PiCO39 or its allele, whereas Pi61(t) appears to be different from Pita, Pita-2, Pi19(t), Pi39(t) and Pi42(t) in the same R gene cluster. DNA markers tightly linked to Pi60(t) and Pi61(t) will enable marker-assisted breeding and map-based cloning.
Q/R RNA editing of the AMPA receptor subunit 2 (GRIA2) transcript evolves no later than the appearance of cartilaginous fishes (2001)

The amino acid, either a glutamine (Q) or an arginine (R), at the Q/R site of the pore-lining segment (M2) of a vertebrate AMPA receptor subunit critically influences the properties of the receptor. The R codon of the mammalian AMPA receptor subunit 2 (GRIA2) transcript is not coded by the chromosomal sequence, but is created by posttranscriptional RNA editing activities. On the other hand, the R codons of some teleost GRIA2 homologs are coded by chromosomal sequences. To elucidate the evolution of the utilization of Q/R RNA editing in modifying vertebrate GRIA2 transcripts, the GRIA2 genes of five fish species and an amphibian were studied. The putative hagfish GRIA2 homolog (hfGRIA2) encodes an R codon, whereas shark and bullfrog GRIA2 genes specify a Q codon at the genomic Q/R site. All gnathostoma GRIA2 genes possess an intron splitting the coding regions of M2 and the third hydrophobic region (M3). The intronic components required for Q/R RNA editing are preserved in all the Q-coding vertebrate GRIA2 genes but are absent from the R-coding GRIA2 genes. Interestingly, the hfGRIA2 is intronless, suggesting that hfGRIA2 is unlikely evolved from a Q/R editing-competent gene. Results of this study suggest that modification of GRIA2 transcripts by Q/R editing is most likely acquired after the separation of the Agnatha and Gnathostome.
The fabrication of non-spherical microlens arrays utilizing a novel SU-8 stamping method (2008)

SU-8 photoresist (PR) is an excellent material for optical applications due to its high refractive index and high transmittance at visible and near-IR wavelengths. This paper reports a simple and novel method of fabricating non-spherical microlens arrays by soft stamping unexposed SU-8 PR. An SU-8 based stamp composed of micro-nozzle arrays and a reservoir structure are first fabricated on a glass substrate using a process of dosage control exposure. The unexposed SU-8 encapsulated in the crosslinked SU-8 shell is used as the 'ink' for the stamping process. The present SU-8 microlens array is then formed by stamping the formed SU-8 structure on a bare glass substrate at a temperature higher than the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the unexposed SU-8 PR. A non-spherical lens with various radii of curvature structure can be formed by controlling the working temperature during the stamping process. Microlens arrays with diameters ranging from 50 to 500 µm are successfully fabricated using this novel process, with the height of the fabricated microlens reaching 200 µm. Experimental investigation results indicate that the formed microlenses have a good surface profile, good uniformity and good optical properties. The measured numerical apertures (NA) of the fabricated microlens range from 0.22 to 0.58. The relationships between the focal length of the fabricated microlens and the lens dimension as well as the process temperature are systematically investigated. The method presented in this study will substantially impact the process for microlens array fabrication.
[Effect of insulin on burn wound healing in aging diabetes mellitus rats]. (2009)

Topical application of insulin can promote the synthesis of wound collagen, accelerate the wound angiogenesis, and speed up the wound healing in aging DM rats.
Homochirality beyond grinding: deracemizing chiral crystals by temperature gradient under boiling (2011)

A single-chirality solid phase can be obtained in boiling solutions containing a racemic mixture of left- and right-handed enantiomorphous crystals due to dissolution-crystallization cycles induced by a temperature gradient. This phenomenon provides further insights into asymmetric amplification mechanisms under presumably prebiotic conditions.
Monocular optical flow navigation using sparse SURF flow with multi-layer bucketing screener (2015)

This paper presents an approach capable of recovering the trajectory from the image sequence of a single camera based on sparse SURF flow with multi-layer bucketing screener. The main novelty of the proposed approach is that we designed a multi-layer screener to screen good features detected by SURF algorithm. The bucketing scheme firstly divides the image into several buckets. For each bucket, both mismatched and redundant feature pairs will be rejected so that the accuracy of SURF flow will be improved, and also the maximal number of selected features is kept in order to reduce the computational complexity. Besides, the distribution of optical flow is tuned to be more uniform, which turns out to be important for reducing drift rate of motion estimation. Based on the accurate and uniformly distributed SURF flow, a fundamental matrix estimation combining RANSAC and the eight-point algorithm is applied to compute the relative pose between every consecutive pair of frames. Experiments show that the ego-motion estimation using the optical flow generated by our method is clearly superior compared to other optical flow based techniques in terms of accuracy.
Patient‐Controlled Analgesia: A Review (1992)

The patient-activated analgesic system was introduced in 1968. Early trials, although uncontrolled, supported the safety and efficacy of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) in several kinds of pain, such as that relating to surgery, cancer, trauma, and obstetric procedures. In the past decade, prospective, randomized trials have reported several advantages of PCA over conventional analgesia in the early postoperative period. Although not supported by all controlled trials, they include improved pain relief, less sedation, lower level of narcotic consumption, fewer postoperative complications, greater patient satisfaction, and improved pulmonary function. Preliminary results in the management of chronic pain indicate that PCA can lead to significant lifestyle improvements in ambulatory patients with cancer. The most significant, although infrequent, adverse effect is respiratory depression, the majority of cases occurring in patients predisposed secondary to concomitant illness or as a result of human error. The clinical use of PCA will likely see a significant increase among persons with cancer, and an increase in epidural administration. The cost benefit of PCA has yet to be assessed in inpatient and outpatient settings.
Effect of Oral Sucrose Shortly Before Exercise on Work Capacity in McArdle Disease (2008)

This study shows that 37 g of sucrose ingested shortly before exercise has a marked and prolonged effect on exercise tolerance in patients with McArdle disease. This treatment is more convenient for the patients and saves more calories than the currently recommended sucrose treatment.
Design of a monolithic multichannel front-end readout ASIC for PET imaging based on scintillation crystals read out by photodetectors at both ends (2011)

This paper presents the design techniques of a monolithic multichannel front-end readout chip integrated with both high-accuracy TDC and high-resolution ADC for the PET using LYSO(Ce) crystals read out by MCP PMT at both ends. In the front-end readout chain, a regulated cascade (RGC) preamplifier is employed in every channel for amplifying the current signals generated from MCP detector. A gain-adjustment stage, an integrator and a pulse shaper are employed for pulse height analysis which changes the width of the pulses. A discriminator is placed after the preamplifier to generate triggers. These triggers are sent to a sub-nanosecond TDC for measurement and digitizing. The peak values of the shaped pulses are digitized by a multichannel time-based ADC for measurement. Three prototype chips are designed in AMS 0.35 μm CMOS technology. In the front-end readout prototype chip, the dynamic range, the linearity, and the power dissipation are optimized. The input dynamic range from few fC to more than 100 pC can be achieved. The analog output range of the front-end readout circuits is from 1.2 V to 3.2 V. The shaping time is 280 ns and the power dissipation is reduced to less than 15 mW. In the TDC chip based on a DLL array, the RMS jitter and the peak-to-peak jitter of the used DLL are reduced to 7 ps and 21 ps, respectively. The bin size of the TDC has been reduced to 71ps with a reference clock of 100 MHz. In the multichannel time-based ADC chip, a maximum resolution of 12 bits, a sampling rate of ~1 MS/s, and the power dissipation of 3 mW ° 0.2 mW/channel are achieved.
Sodium pump inhibition, enhanced calcium influx via sodium-calcium exchange, and positive inotropic response in cultured heart cells. (1985)

The effects of sodium pump inhibition produced by exposure to the cardiac glycosides, ouabain or dihydroouabain, or by reduction in extracellular potassium to 1.0 mM, on contractile state and sodium-calcium exchange were studied in primary monolayer cultures of chick embryo ventricular cells. Ouabain, 10(-6)M, dihydroouabain, 5 X 10(-5)M, and extracellular potassium of 1.0 mM all induced similar and prominent positive inotropic effects. These effects were accompanied, in each case, by 40-50% inhibition of the rate of active uptake of 42K and by similar increases in steady state sodium content. Stimulation of the rate of 45Ca uptake on exposure to zero extracellular sodium occurred in response to extracellular potassium (1.0 mM) or to glycoside concentrations that induced a positive inotropic effect and sodium-potassium pump inhibition. Reactivation of the sodium pump after return from 1.0 to 4.0 mM extracellular potassium was rapid and was associated with membrane hyperpolarization and slowing of spontaneous beating rate. With pump reactivation under these circumstances, the time course of disappearance of stimulation of sodium-calcium exchange on exposure to zero extracellular sodium was similar to the time course of loss of the positive inotropic effect. Under physiological conditions (4.0 mM extracellular potassium), exposure to positively inotropic but nontoxic concentrations of ouabain or dihydroouabain caused a small but consistent increase in unidirectional calcium influx, but had no discernible effect on calcium efflux. Since similar inotropic effects were produced for comparable degrees of glycoside or low extracellular potassium-induced sodium pump inhibition and increases in cellular sodium content, sodium pump inhibition rather than a glycoside-specific change in calcium binding appears to underlie the inotropic response. These findings are further consistent with the view that the primary mechanism of the positive inotropic effects of digitalis and low extracellular potassium in this experimental preparation is sodium pump inhibition resulting in increased intracellular sodium. We suggest that increased calcium influx via sodium-calcium exchange is the principal mechanism whereby increased intracellular sodium results in enhanced calcium availability to the myofibrils, but an additional effect on calcium efflux is not excluded.