gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Atomic Force Microscopy Images of Polymer Layers Adsorbed on Flat Substrates of Glass and Silica (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTAtomic Force Microscopy Images of Polymer Layers Adsorbed on Flat Substrates of Glass and SilicaJean-Marc Berquier, François Creuzet, and Jean-Michel GrimalView Author Information Laboratoire CNRSSaint-Gobain, Surface du Verre et Interfaces, 39, Quai Lucien Lefranc, F-93303 Aubervilliers Cedex, France, and Saint-Gobain Recherche, 39, Quai Lucien Lefranc, F-93303 Aubervilliers Cedex, France Cite this: Langmuir 1996, 12, 2, 597–598Publication Date (Web):January 24, 1996Publication History Received3 July 1995Revised27 September 1995Published online24 January 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la950533zhttps://doi.org/10.1021/la950533zbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views85Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Amorphous materials,Layers,Organic compounds,Polymers,Silica Get e-Alerts
Prediction Of Prosthetic Socket Fit Of Trans-Tibial Amputee With The Aid Of Computational Modeling (2004)

This study aims to investigate the pain-pressure relationship of the residual limb and the interface pressure at the prosthetic socket-residual limb interface during walking. Load was indented to different regions of the residual limb through Pelite and polypropylene indenters connected to a force transducer until pain was just perceived. A finite element (FE) model was built simulating the indentation process to evaluate the pressure distribution beneath the indenter upon indentation. Results suggested that pain is triggered when the applied peak pressure overshot a certain threshold. A second FE model was built to predict the socket-limb interface pressure, considering friction/slip and pre-stress produced by donning the limb into a shape-modified socket which were commonly ignored in previous models under simplifying assumptions. The predicted interface pressure was in the range of previous clinical pressure measurement and was below the thresholds causing pain. In future investigations, more subjects will be involved for the pain-pressure relationship and more analysis on interface pressure under different conditions, such as alignment, walking speed and style, will be performed. Page 2-5: contents of paper
PEG-PLGA electrospun nanofibrous membranes loaded with Au@Fe2O3 nanoparticles for drug delivery applications (2017)

A PEGylated-PLGA random nanofibrous membrane loaded with gold and iron oxide nanoparticles and with silibinin was prepared by electrospinning deposition. The nanofibrous membrane can be remotely controlled and activated by a laser light or magnetic field to release biological agents on demand. The nanosystems were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analyses. The drug loading efficiency and drug content percentages were determined by UV-vis optical absorption spectroscopy. The nanofibrous membrane irradiated by a relatively low-intensity laser or stimulated by a magnetic field showed sustained silibinin release for at least 60 h, without the burst effect. The proposed low-cost electrospinning procedure is capable of assembling, via a one-step procedure, a stimuli-responsive drug-loaded nanosystem with metallic nanoparticles to be externally activated for controlled drug delivery.
McDonald Phenomenon in Contemporary Higher Education (2011)

McDonaldization or McDonald phenomenon refers to a process in which McDonald's business model and management model are generalized and imitated.It is characterized as high efficiency,predictability and controllability,but it is not problematic in the sense that it lacks individuality,meaning and humanistic spirit despite its high efficiency.McDonaldization prevails in very field,particularly in higher education,a common problem with campus.
Molybdenum metalloazines. New reagents for carbon-carbon double bond formation by an organometallic analog of the Wittig reaction (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolybdenum metalloazines. New reagents for carbon-carbon double bond formation by an organometallic analog of the Wittig reactionJohn A. Smegal, Ingrid K. Meier, and Jeffrey. SchwartzCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 6, 1322–1323Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00266a047https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00266a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views248Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Extending Open Innovation Platforms into the real world - Using Large Displays in Public Spaces (2010)

The ferroin-catalyzed Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction was studied in a batch reactor under anaerobic conditions and was found to evolve through two separated regimes of complex oscillations. Significantly, the two bifurcation regimes exhibited qualitatively different dependence on compositions of the reaction mixture, i.e., initial concentrations of bromate, sulfuric acid, malonic acid, and ferroin. The reaction temperature also showed opposite effects on the two bifurcation regimes, in which complexities of the first bifurcation regime were enhanced while oscillations in the second bifurcation regime became simpler as a result of decreasing temperature. Numerical simulations with a 12-variable model developed specifically for the ferroin-BZ system were able to reproduce transient complex oscillations observed in experiments. These calculations further illustrated that reactions such as ferroin and HOBr, ferroin and HBrO2, and ferriin and Br- were not essential in describing complex dynamics of the ferroin-BZ reaction.
Correlations among Composition, Temperature, and Density, Viscosity, or Derived Thermodynamic Properties of Binary Mixtures of Tri-<i>n</i>-butyl Phosphate with<i>n</i>-Hexane or<i>n</i>-Dodecane (2014)

Correlations proposed in this work predict density and viscosity with better accuracy in comparison with existing correlations. Dimensionless specific volume and logarithmic viscosity of binary mixtures are nth order (1 ≤ n ≤ 4) polynomials of the mole fraction of one of the components at the system temperature, and parametric coefficients of such polynomials are mth order (1 ≤ m ≤ 4) polynomials of system temperatures. Parametric coefficients of fitted fourth order Redlich–Kister type equations (RK-eq) are linear functions of temperature. Excess properties and derived thermodynamic properties of both mixtures have been discussed in terms of intramolecular and intermolecular interactions of molecules. Like virial equations of state (EOS), dimensionless RK-eq quantifies to calculate virial coefficients and hence to compute interactions among component 1–1, component 1–2, and component 2–2. Parametric coefficients of the Vogel–Fulcher–Tammann equation of viscosity are polynomials of mole fractions of one of the components.
Gas production potential of disperse low-saturation hydrate accumulations in oceanic \nsediments (2006)

In this paper we evaluate the gas production potential of disperse, low-saturation (SH &lt; 0.1) hydrate accumulations in oceanic sediments. Such hydrate-bearing sediments constitute a significant portion of the global hydrate inventory. Using numerical simulation, we estimate (a) the rates of gas production and gas release from hydrate dissociation, (b) the corresponding cumulative volumes of released and produced gas, as well as (c) the water production rate and the mass of produced water from disperse, low-SH hydrate-bearing sediments subject to depressurization-induced dissociation over a 10-year production period. We investigate the sensitivity of items (a) to (c) to the following hydraulic properties, reservoir conditions, and operational parameters: intrinsic permeability, porosity, pressure, temperature, hydrate saturation, and constant pressure at which the production well is kept. The results of this study indicate that, despite wide variations in the aforementioned parameters (covering the entire spectrum of such deposits), gas production is very limited, never exceeding a few thousand cubic meters of gas during the 10-year production period. Such low production volumes are orders of magnitude below commonly accepted standards of economic viability, and are further burdened with very unfavorable gas-to-water ratios. The unequivocal conclusion from this study is that disperse, low-SH hydrate accumulations in oceanic sediments are not promising targets for gas production by means of depressurization-induced dissociation, and resources for early hydrate exploitation should be focused elsewhere.
Thermoelectric properties of splat-cooled amorphous In20Te80, Ga20Te80, and Ge15Te85 (1978)

The electrical transport properties of splat-cooled amorphous semiconductors In20Te80, Ga20Te80, and Ge15Te85 were investigated by measuring the thermoelectric power S and dc resistivity ρ between 140 and 300 °K. For as-quenched samples, both S and logρ show linear relationships with 1/T, indicating a p-type intrinsiclike conduction ≳90% due to holes. To account for this intrinsiclike conduction, we propose a high degree of structural integrity in the splat-cooled amorphous samples, i.e., a structure having the homogeneity of the liquid and consisting of continuous Te chains with In, Ga, and Ge attached to broken bonds. However, annealed samples show extrinsiclike conduction from 0 to −130 °C, and both S and logρ show decrease linearly with respect to the decrease of temperature T. The effect of heat treatment interpreted as a structural disordering, appears due to atomic segregation at local areas.
Reading Ancient Texts. Volume I: Presocratics and Plato (2008)

What is the history of philosophy? Is it history or is it philosophy or is it by some strange alchemy a confluence of the two? The contributors to the present volume of essays have tackled this seemingly simple, but in reality difficult and controversial, question, by drawing on their specialised knowledge of the surviving texts of leading ancient philosophers, from the Presocratics to Augustine, through Plato, Aristotle and Plotinus. These contributions, which reflect the range of methods and approaches currently used in the study of ancient texts, are offered as a tribute to the scholarship of Denis O’Brien, one of the most original and penetrating students of the thousand-year period of intense philosophical activity that constitutes ancient philosophy. Contributors include: T. Ebert, F. Fronterrota, C.J. Gill, C. Huffman, N. Notomi, J.-C. Picot, J.-F. Pradeau, M. Rashed, K. Sayre, R.K. Sprague, and J.G.C. Strachan. Publications by Denis O’Brien: • Theories of Weight in the Ancient World: Four Essays on Democritus, Plato and Aristotle - A Study in the Development of Ideas. 1. Democritus: Weight and Size. An Exercise in the Reconstruction of Early Greek Philosophy, ISBN: 978 90 04 06134 7 (Out of print) • Pour interpréter Empédocle, ISBN: 978 90 04 06249 8 (Out of print) • Theories of Weight in the Ancient World: Four Essays on Democritus, Plato and Aristotle - A Study in the Development of Ideas. 2. Plato: Weight and Sensation. The Two Theories of the 'Timaeus', ISBN: 978 90 04 06934 3 • Théodicée plotinienne, théodicée gnostique, ISBN: 978 90 04 09618 9
Medical Refuseniks in the Soviet Union and Their Patients (1988)

In July 1986 we went to Moscow and Leningrad to visit refusenik physicians and to learn about the medical and psychiatric problems of this community. Refuseniks, the several thousand Soviet Jews who have applied for—and been refused—permission to go to Israel, suffer considerable official and unofficial punishment. We were interested in the effects of this treatment on physical and mental health as well as in the experiences of Soviet Jewish physicians who apply for emigration. Our information comes from discussions with a number of doctors in both Moscow and Leningrad who gave us examples from their own experiences and those of their patients.
A Systematic Differential Analysis for Fast and Robust Detection of Software Aging (2014)

Software systems running continuously for a long time often confront software aging, which is the phenomenon of progressive degradation of execution environment caused by latent software faults. Removal of such faults in software development process is a crucial issue for system reliability. A known major obstacle is typically the large latency to discover the existence of software aging. We propose a systematic approach to detect software aging which has in a shorter test time and higher accuracy compared to traditional aging detection via stress testing and trend detection with high confidence. The approach is based on a comparative differential analysis where a software version under test is compared with against a previous robust version by observing in terms of behavioral (signal) changes during system tests of resource metrics. A key instrument adopted is a divergence chart, which expresses time-dependent differences between two signals, allowing us to detect changes in the system metrics' values which indicate the existence of software aging. In our experimental study, we focuses on memory-leak detection and the and evaluates divergence charts are computed using various multiple statistical techniques combined paired with different application-level memory related metrics (RSS and Heap Usage). The experimental results show that the statistical process control techniques used in our approach proposed method achieves good performance for memory-leak detection, when compared with other in comparison to techniques widely adopted in previous works (e.g., linear regression, moving average and median).
Utilisation rationnelle de la pile à combustible dans un système de production autonome d'électricité (2003)

Utilisation rationnelle
Microwave CMOS LNAs and VCOs - Using Passives On-Chip, Above Chip, and Off-Chip (2008)

The performance of LNAs and VCOs is of large importance to the complete wireless communications system. To achieve sufficient performance in microwave applications, LNAs and VCOs have therefore up to now mostly been manufactured in advanced and expensive semiconductor technologies. In this thesis it is shown, however, that by using a standard CMOS technology, combined with different packaging and post processing techniques, it is now possible to achieve both excellent microwave performance and low cost. The rapid technology advancements have lately made CMOS an attractive alternative for RF/microwave applications. The high fT and fmax, the low minimum noise figure, and the excellent integration capabilities are all in favor of modern CMOS technology. The improved high frequency performance of MOS transistors is primarily a result of gate length scaling, but also strongly depends on process and layout optimization. To design state-of-the-art RF/microwave circuits, a thorough understanding of device physics and transistor models is thus necessary. These issues are therefore investigated, particularly focusing on small-dimension effects and high frequency modeling. While device speed and minimum noise factor improve with scaling, the 1/f noise and linearity trends are less obvious. The expected impact of technology scaling on the performance of LNAs and VCOs is therefore also discussed. If noise performance is the main focus of the design, the quality-factor (Q) of the passive components can be as important as the performance of the transistors. If inductors are realized using the standard interconnect layers of the CMOS process, the strong coupling to the conductive substrate results in a reduced Q-factor. The Q-factor can therefore be improved by placing the inductors higher above the conducting substrate, using post-processing with thick BCB and top metal, or by moving them off-chip and integrating them on a carrier. Both principles are evaluated in this thesis. For VCOs oscillating at frequencies well above 10 GHz, the semiconductor varactor, rather than the inductor, limits the phase noise performance. Varactors based on ferroelectric films have very high Q-factors at these frequencies, but unfortunately the technology is not yet compatible with the IC fabrication process. In this thesis, designs based on CMOS dies flip-chip mounted on carriers with ferroelectric varactors have therefore been evaluated. The seven papers included in this work show the potential of CMOS for LNA and VCO design at microwave frequencies. They also investigate the potential of alternative packaging methods, as the passive components are placed either on-chip, above chip, or off-chip. Papers III, IV, V, and VII demonstrate LNAs operating from 5 GHz to 20 GHz, and in Papers I, II, and VI, VCOs operating up to 30 GHz are presented. Several of the designs show state-of-the-art performance.
Development of Thermally-resistant Gold Nanoparticles (2010)

Gold nanoparticles are expected as new materials for optical devices owing to their size-related properties. However, the typical gold nanoparticles surrounded by long-chain alkane thiols 1 (ligand molecules) are not tolerant of heating process because the interactions between the ligand molecules are not strong enough. In order to develop thermally-resistant gold nanoparticles, the authors focus on the functional groups which can form strong interactions between the ligand molecules such as hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking. In this study, 6 types of ligand molecules were synthesized and the thermal stability of the corresponding gold nanoparticles was evaluated by thermo gravimetry (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). And, it was found that the thermal stability highly depended on the chemical structure of the ligand molecules. Since the amide group and the tolyl group which were introduced into the ligands had the ability to form intermolecular hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking, respectively. Therefore, the gold nanoparticle surrounded by amide-tolyl type ligand 3b was considered to be most thermally stable owing to the strong interactions between the functional groups.
Extracellular metabolites play a dominant role in near-infrared spectroscopic quantification of bacteria at food-safety level concentrations (2012)

Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a promising new tool for quick and accurate bacterial quantification in water-rich samples like food. However, we still do not know what this spectroscopic method takes into account in order to measure bacterial counts at food safety limits. This study tries to identify which part of the bacterial culture has a more significant impact on spectral models for bacterial quantification in an aqueous environment. Two type strains of E. coli and S. aureus were evaluated, at a concentration range 0.1–8 log10 CFU. Spectra from bacterial cells, separated by filtration, and extracellular metabolites were acquired separately and then combined in a reciprocal ratio in order to identify the spectral combination that would provide the best partial least squares quantification model for each strain. Spectral data were evaluated in the first wavelength overtone region of water 1300–1600 nm. The best model was achieved at a cells : extracellular metabolites spectral combination ratio of 40 : 60 for the E. coli strain and 20 : 80 for the S. aureus strain. While the best ratio was different for each species, extracellular metabolite spectra had a consistent significantly higher impact on PLS models. It can be concluded that species-specific extracellular metabolite spectra give more valuable information on bacterial quantification, and it is the spectral detection of changes in extracellular water conformations, due to extracellular bacterial metabolites, that represents the most significant factor for successful bacterial quantification. Finding out that bacteria influence the water matrix is an important step in understanding the mechanism of NIRS detection of low bacterial concentrations.
Multivalent 3D Display of Glycopolymer Chains for Enhanced Lectin Interaction (2015)

Synthetic glycoprotein conjugates were synthesized through the polymerization of glycomonomers (mannose and/or galactose acrylate) directly from a protein macroinitiator. This design combines the multivalency of polymer structures with 3D display of saccharides randomly arranged around a central protein structure. The conjugates were tested for their interaction with mannose binding lectin (MBL), a key protein of immune complement. Increasing mannose number (controlled through polymer chain length) and density (controlled through comonomer feed ratio of mannose versus galactose) result in greater interaction with MBL. Most significantly, mannose glycopolymers displayed in a multivalent and 3D configuration from the protein exhibit dramatically enhanced interaction with MBL compared to linear glycopolymer chains with similar total valency but lacking 3D display. These findings demonstrate the importance of the 3D presentation of ligand structures for designing biomimetic materials.
New optical fibres for high-capacity optical communications (2016)

Researchers are within a factor of 2 or so from realizing the maximum practical transmission capacity of conventional single-mode fibre transmission technology. It is therefore timely to consider new technological approaches offering the potential for more cost-effective scaling of network capacity than simply installing more and more conventional single-mode systems in parallel. In this paper, I review physical layer options that can be considered to address this requirement including the potential for reduction in both fibre loss and nonlinearity for single-mode fibres, the development of ultra-broadband fibre amplifiers and finally the use of space division multiplexing.