gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Survival for 18 days with a Jarvik-type artificial heart. (1975)

This is a report of an experiment wherein a calf had its natural heart replaced with an artificial heart and survived for 18 days and 20 hours. All measured physiologic parameters remained normal until the fourteenth day. Thereafter a gradual persistent rise in venous pressure and signs of a decreased cardiac output occurred. However, the animal outwardly appeared normal until the eighteenth day. During the nineteenth day it became comatose and was killed. At autopsy large thrombi were found in both atria, impairing ventricular filling, resulting in venous congestion and diminished cardiac output. This extended survival time and our ability to understand and eliminate the problems associated with artificial heart implantation give support to our hope that artificial hearts for man will be possible in the not too distant future.
A novel in-situ sampling and VFA sensor technique for anaerobic systems (2002)

A key information for understanding and controlling the anaerobic biogas process is the concentration of Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA). However, access to this information has so far been limited to off-line measurements by manual time and labour consuming methods. We have developed a new technique that has made it possible to monitor VFA on-line in one of the most difficult media: animal slurry or manure. A novel in-situ filtration technique has made it possible to perform microfiltration inside the reactor system. This filter enables sampling from closed reactor systems without large scale pumping and filtering. Using this filtration technique together with commercially available membrane filters we have constructed a VFA sensor system that can perform automatic analysis on animal slurry at a frequency as high as every 15 minutes. The VFA sensor has been tested for a period of more than 60 days with more than 1000 samples on both a full-scale biogas plant and lab-scale reactors. The measuring range covers specific measurements of acetate, propionate, iso-/n-butyrate and iso-/n-valerate from 0.1 to 50 mM (6-3,000 mg).
Lymphoblastomas in childhood; cutaneous manifestations. (1953)

The lymphoblastomas occurring in childhood are divided for purposes of discussion into lymphocytoma cutis, mycosis fungoides, lymphosarcoma, Hodgkin's disease, and leukemia. The cutaneous lesions may be either specific (as a result of the infiltration of the skin with specific cells of the conditions) or toxic (non-specific). With the possible exception of mycosis fungoides, the cutaneous manifestations are not diagnostic. The final diagnosis depends upon microscopic examination of the specific tissue involved and the coordination of the clinical and microscopic findings.
Reversible changes in the nucleosomal organization of a human H4 histone gene during the cell cycle (1986)

The organization of nucleosomes associated with a cell cycle regulated human H4 histone gene was examined in synchronized HeLa S3 cells. At various times during the cell cycle, nuclei were digested with micrococcal nuclease, and the nucleosomal pattern of the gene was obtained by Southern blot analysis using radiolabeled human histone H4 gene probes. We have detected reversible changes during the cell cycle in the chromatin structure of this gene, as reflected by the shortening of the nucleosomal spacing after replication and the peak of transcription. This variation is also observed when DNA and protein syntheses are inhibited. By using a probe that comprises 250 base pairs (bp) of the coding region and 240 bp of the 5' end of the gene, containing the promoter and DNase I sensitive sequences, we also have observed a general disruption of the nucleosomal organization, which is reflected by a degeneration of the characteristic nucleosomal ladder produced by micrococcal nuclease digestion. This modification coincides with the replication and active transcription of the gene (early S phase), which recovers its regular nucleosomal appearance when both processes have been completed, although the nucleosome linker length is shortened. When the probe utilized comprises the distal 3' end of the gene, there is no disruption of the nucleosomal pattern, but the linker region also exhibits a shortened length. A non-cell cycle regulated gene (beta-globin) does not exhibit such modifications in any of the situations analyzed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Mechanism of differential activities of ofloxacin enantiomers (1996)

Ofloxacin, a potent quinolone antibacterial agent, has a tricyclic ring structure with a methyl group attached to the asymmetric carbon at the C-3 position on the oxazine ring. The S isomer (DR-3355) of ofloxacin has antibacterial activity up to 2 orders of magnitude greater than that of the R isomer (DR-3354). This differential antibacterial activity was not due to different drug transport mechanisms of the two isomers but was found to be derived from the inhibitory activity against the target enzyme, DNA gyrase. Previous mechanistic studies have suggested that the bactericidal effect of the drug is mediated through the stabilization of a cleavable complex via a cooperative drug binding process to a partially denatured DNA pocket created by DNA gyrase. The drug binds to supercoiled DNA in a manner similar to that to which it binds to the enzyme-DNA complex. In the present studies, we first examined the binding of the two radiolabeled ofloxacin enantiomers to supercoiled pUC9 plasmid DNA. Surprisingly, the two enantiomers possessed similar apparent binding affinities and binding cooperatives. The major difference in binding between the two stereoisomers was the molar binding ratio: 4 for the more active S isomer versus 2 for the less active R isomer. We next examined the relative binding potencies of the stereoisomers to the DNA-DNA gyrase complex. The results of a competition assay showed that (S)-ofloxacin binds 12-fold better to the complex than (R)-ofloxacin. The binding potencies of the two enantiomers and two other quinolones correlated well with their respective concentrations causing 50% inhibition against DNA gyrase. The results are interpreted by a stacking model by using the concept of the cooperative drug-DNA binding mechanism, indicating that the potencies of quinolones cannot be determined solely by the DNA binding affinity and cooperativity but can also be determined by their capability in maximally saturating the binding site. The capability of the drug in saturating the binding pocket manifests itself in an increased efficacy at inhibiting the enzyme through a direct interaction between the drug and the enzyme. The results augment the previous suggestion that the binding pocket in the enzyme-DNA complex involves multiple receptor groups including not only DNA bases but also a gyrase subunit. The higher level of potency of (S)-ofloxacin is proposed to derive from the fact that a greater number of molecules are assembled in the pocket. This greater number of molecules optimizes the interaction between the drug and the enzyme, possibly through a contact between the C-7 substituent and the quinolone pocket on the B subunit of DNA gyrase.
Reply to F. M. Lyakhovitskiy by J. G. Berryman (1981)

I regret that I do not read Russian. If I did, there would have been a much greater chance of my being familiar with the previous work of Lyakhovitskiy and Nevskiy on elastic anisotropy.
TIMED Imaging Photometer Experiment (TIPE) (1994)

This document contains a summary of the TIMED Imaging Photometer Experiment (TIPE) instrument study at the time of the termination of project due to TIPE being de-selected from the Thermosphere, Ionosphere and Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED) mission.
Nonlinear optical absorption in a graphene infrared photodetector (2014)

The photoresponse of the graphene photodetector elucidated strong dependence on several optical parameters, such as the angle of incidence and the incident power of infrared exposure at room temperature. The sinusoidal dependence of the photoresponse on incidence angle, which had not been realized before, has now been revealed. The combined effect of the photo excited charge carrier and the photon drag effect explain this nonlinear optical absorption in graphene at lower incident power. The nonlinear dependence of the charge carrier generation on the incident power revealed that this process contributed to the nonlinear photoresponse. However, a deviation is observed at a higher incident power due to the induction of thermal effects in the graphene lattice. This work demonstrates the tunability of the graphene photodetector under a systematic variation that involves both parameters.
Viral hepatitis serological markers among pregnant women in Caracas, Venezuela: implication for perinatal transmission of hepatitis B and C. (1994)

Viral hepatitis serological markers were analyzed in two groups of pregnant women residing in Caracas from: 1) a maternity unit at the moment of delivery (106 sera, low income population), and 2) a private clinic during the third trimester of pregnancy (105 sera, medium-high economic class population). A higher percent positivity was observed in the maternity unit compared to the private clinic for hepatitis A virus (HAV) as measured by anti-HAV activity (96% vs 48%; p < 0.01%), for hepatitis B virus (HBV) as measured by anti-HBc activity (13% vs 2%; p < 0.01%), but not for HBV carriage, as measured by HBsAg (3.8% vs 0%; p = 0.06 %). These differences appear to correlate with the socio-economic level. All the HBsAg positive sera were HBeAg negative and negative for the presence of DNA by PCR, confirming the low rate of perinatal transmission observed in Venezuela. Two out of 106 sera (1.9%) were positive for HCV antibodies in the maternity unit and 0/105 in the private clinic, although these differences were non significant (N.S.). Two out of 106 sera (1.9%) were positive for HEV antibodies in the maternity unit and 1/80 (1.3%) in the private clinic (N.S.). The anti-HEV seropositivity probably reflects a past infection. The importance of testing these viral markers during pregnancy is discussed.
Control of a single phase inverter with multiple modulation strategies based on plant inversion (2017)

This work proposes a control linearization technique for a single phase 3 level-flying capacitor multi-level (FCML) inverter with multiple modulation strategies along the line period, based on the plant inversion. Multiple modulation strategies are used along the line cycle so that the overall size and efficiency of the converter are optimized. This benefit from the point of view of the energy processing generates a design challenge for the control. The proposed technique allows decoupling the control of the input current and the output current, which simplifies the control of the output voltage and the storage capacitor voltage in two ways: first, the control of both variables is independent and second, the controller parameters will be independent on the modulation strategy due to the plant inversion. These advantages are critical for the successful control of this highly non-linear time-varying system.
Determination of aluminum in injections by kinetic differentiation mode HPLC with fluorescent detection. (2002)

現在, 米国では2003年1月から注射剤中のアルミニウム濃度の規制を実施できるように準備が進められている. 本研究では, 著者らが臨床診断用に開発したアルミニウムの蛍光検出HPLC法について, これを注射剤の品質管理方法として応用できるかについて検討を行った. 本測定方法でキレート試薬として用いる8-キノリノールは, アルミニウムイオン以外の多くの金属イオンとも錯体を形成するため, 多種類の元素が混在する試料に適用した場合には十分な測定感度 (μg/lレベル) を達成できない. そこで, 本測定方法では速度論的識別モードによるクロマトグラフィーを適用した. このモードで蛍光検出すれば試料中のアルミニウムだけをねらって測定することが可能である. 本法では2μg/lレベルの注射剤中のアルミニウムが測定可能である. また, 注射剤への添加回収試験の結果も良好であり, 測定値はICP-MSの測定値とよく一致した.
An N-Terminal Amphipathic Helix in Dengue Virus Nonstructural Protein 4A Mediates Oligomerization and Is Essential for Replication (2013)

Dengue virus (DENV) causes dengue fever, a major health concern worldwide. We identified an amphipathic helix (AH) in the N-terminal region of the viral nonstructural protein 4A (NS4A). Disruption of its amphipathic nature using mutagenesis reduced homo-oligomerization and abolished viral replication. These data emphasize the significance of NS4A in the life cycle of the dengue virus and demarcate it as a target for the design of novel antiviral therapy.
Regeneration of peptide‐containing retinofugal axons into the optic tectum with reappearance of a substance P‐containing lamina (1985)

Twenty-five specimens of Rana pipiens were subjected to a unilateral crush of the optic nerve. Substance P (SP)-, leucine enkephalin (LENK)-, cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK8)-, and bombesin (BOM)-like immunoreactivities were analyzed in the retinae, optic nerves, and optic tecta, 9 days to 9 months postoperatively, by means of immunohistochemical methods. Peptide-like immunoreactivity was observed in axons within the optic nerve stump retinal to the crush, as in previous studies (Kuljis and Karten, '83b, Kuljis et al., '84). Peptide-containing retinofugal axons began traversing the lesion site between 10 and 20 days postoperatively, in progressively increasing numbers. Ten to 20 days following crush of the optic nerve SP-, LENK-, and CCK8-containing axons could be found in the cerebral stump of the optic nerve and in the optic chiasm, advancing to the side of the brain deafferented by the crush. The number of axons displaying peptide-like immunoreactivity within the optic nerve, retinal or cerebral to the crush, and within the optic chiasm gradually decreased after 2-3 months. The optic nerve contralateral to the procedure displayed only occasional isolated peptide-containing fibers, as in normal optic nerves. The retinae ipsilateral and contralateral to the crush exhibited no change in the normal pattern of peptide-like immunoreactivity, including the absence of demonstrable peptide-like immunoreactivity in the somata of retinal ganglion cells. The optic tectum deafferented by the procedure underwent modifications in the pattern of peptide-like immunoreactivity identical to those reported following unilateral eye enucleation (Kuljis and Karten, '82a, '83a). The patterns of LENK-, CCK8-, and BOM-like immunoreactivities in the tectum were identical to those following irreversible retinal deafferentation as long as 9 months postoperatively. SP-like immunoreactivity, however, was gradually restored in layer 11 of Ramón y Cajal ('46; layer D of Potter, '69) of the superficial (retinorecipient) neuropil 4-6 months postoperatively. The persistence of lamina-specific depletion patterns of LENK-, CCK8-, and BOM-like immunoreactivities in reafferented tecta represents a puzzling observation. The latter findings contrast sharply with the recovery of SP-like immunoreactivity, which occurs long after apparently complete restitution of the retinofugal projection, as shown by anatomical (Stelzner et al., '81), physiological (Maturana et al., '59), and behavioral (Sperry, '44) methods.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Electrocardiographic chest wall mapping in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. (1983)

Chest wall mapping of ST segment changes, inverted U waves, and Q waves using 16 electrocardiographic electrodes was performed at rest and during and after bicycle ergometry in 150 patients presenting with chest pain suggestive of angina. All patients underwent coronary angiography. The presence or absence of appreciable coronary artery disease (greater than or equal to 50% stenosis) was detected with a sensitivity of 98% and a specificity of 88%. The identification of lesions in individual coronary arteries was also possible with a sensitivity and specificity of 87% and 85% respectively for the territory of the left anterior descending and diagonal artery, 71% and 85% respectively for the right coronary artery, and 85% and 80% respectively for the circumflex artery. This test appears to be a reliable non-invasive screening method for selecting patients for angiography.
S-Acetyl- and S-Phenylacetyl-Glutathione asGlutathione Precursors in Rat Plasma and TissuePreparations (1994)

S-acetyl- and S-phenylacetyl-glutathione derivatives were synthesized by using a new procedure. The derivatives were incubated with rat plasma and red blood cells, and also with cytosol from rat liver, kidney and heart, or tissue slices from rat heart, kidney and liver. A limited hydrolysis of the compounds occurs in plasma, whereas hydrolysis occurs to a larger extent in tissue cytosols. Both purified and crude gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase from different sources recognized the S-acetyl- and S-phenylacetyl derivatives as substrates. Intracellular glutathione increases after incubating the derivatives with red blood cells. A potential role of S-acetyl- and S-phenylacetyl-glutathione in replenishing cells with exogenous glutathione is envisaged.
Lysosomal membrane glycoproteins: properties of LAMP-1 and LAMP-2. (1986)

Several properties of the lysosomal membrane glycoproteins LAMP-1 and LAMP-2 have been analysed. Each molecule was strongly associated with lysosome membranes and was extracted only in the presence of detergent. Studies of the biosynthesis and processing of the glycoproteins showed that each contained a polypeptide core of approx. 43,000 Da as identified by use of tunicamycin and endoglycosidase H. Nascent glycoproteins pulse-labelled for 5 min with [35S]methionine were approx. 92,000 Da. These precursor molecules were processed in 30 min to highly heterogeneous mature glycoproteins of approx. 110,000 Da(LAMP-1) and 105,000 Da(LAMP-2). Concomitant with the increase in apparent Mr the molecules became endoglycosidase H resistant and acquired sialic acid residues, indicating that they were converted to complex-type oligosaccharides. The final maturation of the glycoproteins was blocked by monensin. Immunohistochemical analysis of tissues from Balb/c and Beige/J mice showed that the molecules were present on many types of cells, consistent with their presence in lysosomes. The patterns of tissue expression of LAMP-1 and LAMP-2 in the two mouse strains were the same except that the intensity of staining of LAMP-2 was less than that of LAMP-1. LAMP-2, but not LAMP-1, gave a decreased immunofluorescent staining intensity in transformed HaNIH as compared with NIH/3T3 cells. The marked similarities between the LAMP proteins raise the consideration of common functions, possibly associated with the high oligosaccharide content of the molecules.
Photoacoustic investigation of the thermal and transport properties of SiC thin film on Si substratum (2002)

The possibility of determining thermal and transport properties of thin film /spl beta/-SiC on Si substratum was investigated using a photoacoustic method with heat transmission detection configuration. The type of the crystal structure of thin film /spl beta/-SiC was determined by the X-ray technique. Photoacoustic (PA) phase and amplitude spectra were measured and analyzed in the case when first the /spl beta/-SiC side was exposed to a frequency modulated laser beam and then the silicon substratum side was illuminated with a chopped light beam in the case where the SiC surface was in front of the detector-an electret microphone. The experimental results were numerically analyzed.
Progress in Coastal Ocean Modeling During CoOP (2008)

dUrINg CoOP AbStr ACt. Numerical modeling of coastal ocean circulation underwent a sea change during the CoOP years. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, when CoOP was conceived and implemented, most of the focus in modeling subinertial coastal circulation was on the linear, first-order wave equations of coastal trapped wave theory. The early years of CoOP that followed coincided with the initial development of three-dimensional, primitive-equation numerical models of the coastal ocean, which had first appeared during the preceding decade. By the late stages of CoOP, advanced data assimilation methods were being used with high-resolution primitive-equation models that included detailed nonlinear parameterizations of the effects of stratified boundary layer turbulence to explore the complex dynamics of windand buoyancy-driven coastal ocean flow over realistic shelf and slope topography. The improved realism and accuracy of these models facilitated progress in ecosystem modeling as well.
Hyperbaric Oxygen Inhibits Growth But Not Differentiation of Normal and Irradiated Osteoblasts (2008)

Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy is used in the treatment of osteoradionecrosis. Although HBO is thought to improve radiation-induced hypocellularity and bone tissue hypoxia, the precise effects of HBO on bone cells such as osteoblasts have not been described. In this study, our goal was to assess the effect of HBO on irradiated and nonirradiated primary osteoblast cultures and assess for changes in growth, apoptosis, cell cycle profile, differentiation, and gene expression. We found that daily HBO treatments caused a 24% decrease in cell growth after 9 days in culture. Hyperbaric oxygen negatively affects growth by inducing osteoblast apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Hyperbaric oxygen leads to G1/S cell cycle arrest in unirradiated osteoblasts where as it causes G2/M arrest in cells that were previously irradiated with either 7 or 12 Gy of ionizing radiation. Although radiation was shown to have a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on early osteoblast differentiation as measured by alkaline phosphatase activity, HBO did not have a significant effect on osteoblast differentiation. Microarray analysis revealed that exposure to HBO leads to a differential expression of a variety of gene families including stress response pathways. In summary, although successive daily HBO treatments resulted in growth delay, osteoblast function as measured by the ability to produce alkaline phosphatase was not significantly affected. These data suggest that HBO does not have any positive effects on either normal or radiation-damaged osteoblasts in vitro.
PTEN Regulates Mdm2 Expression through the P1 Promoter (2004)

MDM2 is an oncoprotein that controls tumorigenesis through both p53-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Mdm2 mRNA level is transcriptionally regulated by p53 in response to stress such as DNA damage, and its protein level and subcellular localization are post-translationally modulated by the AKT serine/threonine kinase. Previous studies showed that PTEN, a dual specificity phosphatase that antagonizes phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT signaling, is capable of blocking MDM2 nuclear translocation and destabilizing the MDM2 protein. Results from our current study demonstrate an additional role for PTEN in regulating MDM2 functions; PTEN modulates Mdm2 transcription and isoform selection by negatively regulating its P1 promoter. In Pten-null cell lines and prostate cancer tissues, Mdm2 P1 promoter activity is up-regulated, resulting in increased L-Mdm2 expression and enhanced p90(MDM2) isoform production. Furthermore, PTEN controls Mdm2 P1 promoter activity through its lipid phosphatase activity, independent of p53. Thus, our results provide a novel mechanism for PTEN in controlling MDM2 oncoprotein functions.
1.3 mu m InAs/sub y/P/sub 1/-/sub /y-InP strained-layer quantum-well laser diodes grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (1993)

The authors have fabricated 1.3- mu m InAsP-InP separate-confinement-heterostructure (SCH) strained-layer double-quantum-well (SL-DQW) laser diodes (LDs) by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). A low threshold current density of 410 A/cm/sup 2/ was obtained. The CW threshold current was as low as 1.8 mA at 20 degrees C, and maximum CW operating temperature of 120 degrees C was obtained. These characteristics are almost the same as those of well-designed GaInAsP-InP SL-QW LDs. Further improvement of the characteristics of InAsP-InP LDs is expected by optimizing the device structure.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>