gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Odour Abatement of Waste Gases from Sludge Thickeners in Wastewater Treatment Plant Using Bioscrubber (2014)

The research objective was to determine odour abatement efficiency of waste gases from sludge thickeners with the use of bioscrubbers. Olfactometric measurements were performed in the large mechanical-biological wastewater treatment plant in one of the biggest cities in Poland. The installation assessed was the 3-stage British system comprised of two identical bioscrubbers from lava rock media at the beginning, and dry chemical scrubber at the end. A three-day measuring session was conducted in October 2012. Nine observations of the relative difference in odour concentration in the crude and clean gas stream in determined conditions were carried out in each stage. In total, 36 samples were taken - 9 samples for each of the four measuring points. The lung principle method was used for sampling. Parameters necessary to calculate the odour flow rate, such as gas temperature, absolute pressure or volume flow rate were measured using the TESTO 400 meter. The samples were transported to the Olfactometric Mobile Laboratory of the Laboratory for Odour Quality of the Air, located ca. 6 km from the object of study. Odour concentration was measured using the Ecoma TO7 dynamic olfactometer and the experienced panel that met the selection criteria of the EN 13725 standard for the olfactory sensitivity. The quality parameters determined in the Interlaboratory Comparison of Olfactometry 2012 for 1-butanol in nitrogen, were: precision r = 0.453 and accuracy Aod = 0.234. The results confirmed the high odour abatement efficiency of over 90 % for the first bioscrubber, with the odour flow rate order of magnitude of 100,000 ouE/s in the crude stream as well as the second bioscrubber where the odour flow rate order of magnitude was below 9,000 ouE/s. The effectiveness of the use of the two series-connected bioscrubbers exceeded 99% and the overall effectiveness of the three-stage installation equalled 100 %.
MASKS: Maintaining anonymity by sequestering key statistics (2009)

High-resolution digital cameras are becoming ever-larger parts of our daily lives, whether as part of closed-circuit surveillance systems or as part of portable digital devices that many of us carry around with us. Combining the broadening reach of these cameras with automatic face recognition technology creates a sensor network that is ripe for abuse: our every action could be recorded and tagged with our identities, the date, and our location as if we each had an investigator tasked only with keeping each of us under constant surveillance. Adding the continually falling cost of data storage to this mix, and we are left with a situation where the privacy abuses don't need to happen today: the stored imagery can be mined and re-mined forever, while the sophistication of automatic analysis continues to grow.\nThe MASKS project takes the first steps toward addressing this problem. If we would like to be able to de-identify faces before the images are shared with others, we cannot do so with ad hoc techniques applied identically to all faces. Since each face is unique, the method of disguising that face must be equally unique. In order to hide or reduce those critical identifying characteristics, we are delivering the following foundational contributions toward characterizing the nature of facial information:\n- We have created a new pose-controlled, high-resolution database of facial images.\n- The most prominent anatomical markers on each face have been marked for position and shape, establishing a new gold standard for facial segmentation.\n- A parameterized model of the diversity of our subject population was built based on statistical analysis of the annotations. The model was validated by comparison with the performance of a standard set of artificial disguises.
[Three dimensional digital subtraction angiography in volume embolization ratio measurement of densely packing experimental aneurysms]. (2002)

The minimum VER of densely packing experimental crotch aneurysms with electronic detachable coils was 23.5%.
Oil Recovery from Matrix during CO2-Foam Flooding of Fractured Carbonate Oil Reservoirs (2008)

Abstract The recovery of oil during CO2 flooding of fractured carbonate oil reservoirs strongly depends on the transport of CO2 from the fracture to the matrix. Molecular diffusion of CO2 from the fracture to the oil in the matrix will therefore affect the rate of oil production from the matrix to the fracture. CO2-foaming agents have been shown to increase the macroscopic sweep efficiency in CO2 floods. However, whether the foaming agent either increases or decreases the rate of oil production from matrix to fracture needs to be understood. The effects of a CO2-foaming agent on the rate of oil production during CO2 flooding of fractured carbonate oil reservoirs at reservoir conditions have been studied in a fractured model. The fracture model was created by transferring the waterflooded core plugs into stainless steel cells with an annulus space around the core plugs. The fractures were flooded by injecting CO2 gas, co-injecting CO2 gas and aqueous foaming agent solution, or injecting aqueous foaming agent solution outside the core plugs. CO2 bulk diffusion coefficients for synthetic seawater, stock tank oil and an aqueous solution of a CO2-foaming agent were determined using the pressure decay method. Co-injecting CO2 gas and aqueous foaming agent solution was found to give slightly higher oil recovery than CO2 injection. Bulk CO2 diffusion coefficients measured in synthetic seawater and aqueous solution of foaming agent show that the tested foaming agent does not any significant effect on the transport of CO2 at the experimental conditions used. For the CO2-synthetic seawater and CO2-stock tank oil systems the bulk diffusion coefficients were estimated to be of the same order of magnitude as published in literature at reservoir conditions.
Software inspections: an effective verification process (1989)

The authors explain how to perform software inspections to locate defects. They present metrics for inspection and examples of its effectiveness. The authors contend, on the basis of their experiences and those reported in the literature, that inspections can detect and eliminate faults more cheaply than testing.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Transcription factor IIIB: An important determinant of biosynthetic capacity that is targeted by tumour suppressors and transforming proteins. (1998)

Transcription factor IIIB (TFIIIB) is an important determinant of the biosynthetic capacity of cells, controlling the production of essential products such as tRNA and 5S rRNA. It is therefore not surprising that this factor is subject to tight regulation, in order to tailor its activity to metabolic demands. For example, TFIIIB can be strongly regulated during differentiation and is also subject to cell cycle control. The unrelated tumour suppressors RB and p53 both exert inhibitory influences upon TFIIIB. In contrast, several viruses have been shown to activate TFIIIB, including HBV and HTLV-1. The fact that cells possess multiple mechanisms for restraining the activity of TFIIIB, whereas oncogenic viruses act to subvert these controls, provides a clear indication of the significance of this factor. Deregulation of TFIIIB may be a significant step towards tumour development.
Reversed Stratigraphy (1937)

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Novel impedance matching materials and strategies for air-coupled piezoelectric transducers (2013)

This paper reviews the ideal configuration of air-coupled transducers and compares it with that of actual ones. This reveals the main problems present nowadays in the design and construction of these transducers, consequently, some solutions are proposed: 1. Modification of the selection criteria for the matching layers, with a proposal of a new kind of impedance matching materials and 2. New design strategies to cope with the inevitable non-ideal features present in the design.
Early marginal microleakage in class II resin composite restorations (1997)

IF: 4.556, IFmax: 4.556 (Journal of Dental Research)
Plasmin-Mediated Activation of Contact System in Response to Pharmacological Thrombolysis (1995)

Plasmin-mediated activation of the contact system of coagulation appears to account, at least in part, for increases in procoagulant activity in patients treated with fibrinolytic agents. It may also explain hypotension, by release of bradykinin from high molecular weight kininogen, and complement activation, by activated factor XII, that has been demonstrated in these patients.
Aggregation of pigment granules in single cultured <i>Xenopus laevis</i> melanophores by melatonin analogues (1991)

1. Isolated melanophores were differentiated from aggregates of neural crest obtained from neurula stage Xenopus laevis embryos after 2 days in culture. 2. Condensation of pigment granules in these cells by melatonin (5-methoxy N-acetyltryptamine, aMT) and various novel analogues was monitored with an image analysis system to quantitate the area occupied by pigment in individual cells. 3. Melanophores exposed to vehicle (a maximum of 0.1% MeOH) showed little (less than 5%) change in pigment area. aMT produced a dramatic condensation of pigment granules (EC50 = the concentration producing a half maximal condensation, 9 pM). The response was rapid, reached a maximum (approximately 80% decrease in pigmented area) by 10 min, and was reversible after removal of aMT from the culture medium. 4. Aggregation to aMT was blocked by treating melanophores with pertussis toxin (1 microgram ml-1, 7 h) indicating a role for a guanosine 5' triphosphate (GTP)-binding protein in transducing the aMT receptor signal. 5. Structure-activity studies indicated that analogues of aMT lacking a side-chain N-acyl substituent (5-methoxytryptamine, MT) or a group at the 5-position of the indole ring (N-acetyltryptamine, aT) were unable to induce pigment aggregation (EC50 greater than 10 microM). 6. Lengthening the side-chain N-acyl group (N-propionyl, N-butanoyl) was tolerated to some degree but eventually (N-valeroyl and larger) activity diminished. Of the 5-position analogues tested 5-methoxy (aMT) was by far the most potent. 7. Halogen substitution in the 6-position of the indole ring led to some loss of activity as did a 6-OH substitution. The 6-OCH3 compound was inactive.8. These studies demonstrate the utility of this model in investigations of structure-activity relationships at the aMT receptor and suggest that it may be a valuable system for determining the transduction mechanisms coupled to the aMT receptor.
CD44-targeted hyaluronic acid–curcumin reverses chemotherapeutics resistance by inhibiting P-gp and anti-apoptotic pathways (2019)

Chemotherapeutic drug resistance poses a great challenge in cancer therapy. Drug efflux and anti-apoptotic processes are the two most common mechanisms leading to chemotherapy resistance. In this study, we focused on the applicability of curcumin (CUR) as a sensitizer for chemotherapeutics (doxorubicin [DOX] as the model drug) modified with hyaluronic acid (HA) as an effective therapeutic strategy against multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer cells. We constructed an HA-CUR/DOX delivery system measuring approximately 180 nm with superior encapsulation efficacy and serum stabilities. <i>In vitro</i>, we found that HA modification could facilitate the efficient delivery of chemotherapeutics through CD44 receptor-mediated targeted delivery. MTT assay results confirmed that the combination of CUR and DOX/paclitaxel (PTX) had a significant synergistic effect and significantly reversed MDR. Further experiments including real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting proved that the main mechanisms by which CUR reversed MDR in tumor cells were inhibiting the expression and activity of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and inducing apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway. Taken together, our new engineered tumor-targeting nanoparticle delivery system may have the potential for overcoming MDR in cancer.
Studies on supplemental effect of Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba meal in the diets of fish. II. Extraction of growth promoting fractions from non-muscle krill meal of Euphausia superba and its effect on fish growth. (1984)

Following the previous study on the nutritional quality of the Antarctic krill Euphausia superba meal on the growth of some fishes, this study was conducted mainly to examine the effects of the various soluble fractions (70% MeOH, acetone, ethyl ether and water soluble fractions) separated from the extracts of the non-muscle krill meal which was subjected to two extraction procedures (MeOH: CHCL3 extraction and 70% MeOH extraction). The growth promoting effect of each soluble fraction was tested by supplementing an equivalent amount separately to the test diets and carrying out 45-day feeding experiment on red sea bream Chrysophrys major and black sea bream Mylio macrocephalus. The test diets containing the 70% MeOH soluble fraction of the MeOH: CHCl3 extract showed significantly greater growth than the diets containing other soluble fractions. The diet containing 70% MeOH extract also showed substantial gain in weight. The residue portion from the 70% MeOH extraction showed better growth rate than the control diet, which implied the incomplete extraction by the 70% MeOH extraction procedure and the factor being still remained in the residut portion. Based on this bioassay study, a procedure for isolation of the factor that promotes growth in the fish tested is proposed.
Thermorheological and Textural Behaviour of Gluten-Free Gels Obtained from Chestnut and Rice Flours (2013)

Nowadays, as celiac disease is becoming more common the consumers’ demand for gluten-free products with high nutritional and taste quality is increasing. This work deals with the study of the impact of four novelty gluten-free sources: chestnut flour (Cf), whole rice flour (Rw), Carolino rice flour (Rc) and Agulha rice flour (Ra). Textural, thermorheological and stability performance of gluten-free gels using different experimental techniques were evaluated. Mixed gels were also produced for comparison. Texture parameters were determined from the texture profile analysis using a texturometer. Thermorheological oscillatory measurements were conducted in a stress-controlled rheometer in order to clarify the kinetics of gel formation and to characterise the structure of the matured gels. The stability of the gels was evaluated using transmittance profiling of the gels under gravitational fields (LUMiSizer®). Texture studies suggested that gels from mixtures of chestnut flour at 30 % and rice flour at 20 % showed the right texture to develop gel-based new desserts. Rheological results showed that the thermal profiles on heating of Cf gels were similar to those obtained for Rw and Ra, whereas Rc gels exhibited a particular pattern. Once the final gelatinisation temperature was achieved, no significant differences on the viscoelastic properties were noticed for all the tested gels. Stability tests showed that gels with Rc should present an industrial advantage over the other assayed formulations, since the stability of these gels is of the order of four times larger.
Effect of Operation Conditions on Membrane Durability in PEM Fuel Cells (2006)

Abstract not Available.
Scientific Opinion on dihydrocapsiate (2012)

<p>Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety of a synthetic dihydrocapsiate (DHC) as a food ingredient in the context of Regulation (EC) No 258/97 taking into account the comments and objections of a scientific nature raised by Member States. Dihydrocapsiate belongs to a group known as capsinoids which have been shown to occur naturally in a number of chilli and sweet peppers. The applicant intends to market DHC to food manufacturers as an ingredient for incorporation into foods of various categories at concentration levels varying from 8 to 2050 mg per kg. Considering the proposed uses the mean intake of synthetic DHC was estimated to be around 12 – 13 mg/day (8.1 mg/day for pre-school children); the 97.5<sup>th</sup> percentile intakes of adults and the elderly were estimated to be around 34 mg/day (18.5 mg/day for pre-school children). Calculations based on body weights resulted in the highest intakes being for pre-school children (mean: 0.6 mg/kg bw/day; 97.5<sup>th</sup> percentile: 1.3 mg/kg bw/day). The applicant has provided a range of toxicological studies with DHC. The Panel concludes that it has no safety concerns regarding genotoxicity. Studies on developmental toxicity in rats and rabbits using commercial grade DHC did not show adverse effects on pregnant animals or on foetal growth and development. The no-observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of three subchronic oral toxicity studies in rats was consistently at 300 mg DHC/kg bw/day. The Panel is of the opinion that the margin of safety (MOS) in relation to the NOAEL of 300 mg/kg bw/day is sufficient, including the highest estimated intake of 1.3 mg/kg bw/day for preschool children. The Panel concludes that the novel food ingredient, DHC, is safe under the proposed uses and use levels.</p>
A Single-Inductor Eight-Channel Output DC–DC Converter With Time-Limited Power Distribution Control and Single Shared Hysteresis Comparator (2013)

This paper describes a time-limited power distribution control technique that can be used for single-inductor multiple-output (SIMO) DC-DC converter with many unbalanced loads. Furthermore, the true all-comparator control technique that raises no stability or complexity issues is proposed. This all-comparator technique for SIMO converters is realized only with a single shared hysteresis comparator at a constant switching frequency of 800 kHz. This leads to the development of a new inductor peak-current control technique that does not require compensators and a phase-locked loop. This converter is analyzed and compared with existing SIMO converters with respect to the requirements of next-generation power management ICs. The maximum efficiency of the converter reaches 92%. The fabricated chip supporting eight-channel outputs is implemented in a 0.35-μm CMOS process and occupies an area of 2.4 × 2.1 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
Big challenges of vehicle communication and application (2015)

The paper reviewed the former literature result in Vehicle to vehicle(V2V)communication area and then identified the big challenges of V2V technology combined with the industrial development status and requirements. The result indicated that V2V has the good perspective on future application in intelligent transportation system (ITS, however, few organizations consensus on the protocol and system standard result in no significant progress in industry and academic area for real case application The paper reviewed the former literature result in Vehicle to vehicle(V2V)communication area and then identified the big challenges of V2V technology combined with the industrial development status and requirements. The result indicated that V2V has the good perspective on future application in intelligent transportation system (ITS, however, few organizations consensus on the protocol and system standard result in no significant progress in industry and academic area for real case application.
The toxicity of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) and its constituents against normal and cancer cells (2015)

Saffron is a spice with preventive and curative effects. This study aimed to review the toxicity of saffron extract and its constituents on normal and cancer cells. We searched the PubMed, Science direct, SID and Magiran databases up to November 2015 using the following key words: toxicity, saffron, crocin, crocetin, safranal, cancer. Finally, 73 English and 5 Persian articles were selected to be recruited to be reviewed. Saffron has selective toxicity against cancer cells, through inhibition of RNA and DNA synthesis and increasing apoptosis. Crocin has been considered as the most important anticancer agent of saffron that plays a role in gene expression and apoptosis in cancer cells. Crocetin has an inhibitory effect on the cancer cells growth that may be due to reduced synthesis of DNA, RNA and protein in neoplastic cells, RNA polymerase II inhibition, and interaction with histone H1 and H1-DNA structures. Saffron and its crocin and crocetin have also shown anticancer and cancer-preventive effects in animal models of cancer. Safranal also has shown antitumor activity with low toxicity. On the other hand, the lethal dose of 50% (LD50) for the saffron and its constituents against normal cells can be very high. In conclusion, emerging evidence suggests that saffron extract and its crocin, crocetin and safranal have a selective toxicity effects against cancer cells and also may have cancer preventive functions. However, Saffron and its constituent's toxicity against normal cells is negligible and they are even non-toxic in oral administration.
Selective loss of nonparenchymal cell viability after cold ischemic storage of rat livers. (1988)

Apres ischemie a froid pendant 4 a 8 h et reperfusion breve, les lesions cellulaires sont minimes (coloration par bleu trypan). Si l'ischemie a dure 20 h, les pertes de viabilite sont trouvees exclusivement dans les cellules non parenchymateuses et apparaissent apres reperfusion. Dans l'ensemble les cellules parenchymateuses sont plus resistantes a l'ischemie, meme apres 96 h. Il semble que les lesions des cellules non parenchymateuses lors de la reperfusion soient une cause importante des echecs des transplantations
Incorporating ENCODE information into association analysis of whole genome sequencing data (2016)

With the rapidly decreasing cost of the next-generation sequencing technology, a large number of whole genome sequences have been generated, enabling researchers to survey rare variants in the protein-coding and regulatory regions of the genome. However, it remains a daunting task to identify functional variants associated with complex diseases from whole genome sequencing (WGS) data because of the millions of candidate variants and yet moderate sample size. We propose to incorporate the Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE) information in the association analysis of WGS data to boost the statistical power. We use the RegulomeDB and PolyPhen2 scores as external weights in existing rare variants association tests. We demonstrate the proposed framework using the WGS data and blood pressure phenotype from the San Antonio Family Studies provided by the Genetic Analysis Workshop 19. We identified a genome-wide significant locus in gene <i>SNUPN</i> on chromosome 15 that harbors a rare nonsynonymous variant, which was not detected by benchmark methods that did not incorporate biological information, including the T5 burden test and sequence kernel association test.