gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Utility of enzymes from Fibrobacter succinogenes and Prevotella ruminicola as detergent additives (2008)

In this study, we investigated the application of cellulase and protease purified from rumen bacteria as detergent additives. Cellulase and protease were purified from the rumen cellulytic bacteria Fibrobacter succinogenes S85, and Prevotella ruminicola 23, respectively. An inhibitor test indicated that the purified protease belongs to the category of serine proteases and metalloproteases. Both the enzymes were effective at a high temperature (50 degrees C) and neutral pH (pH 7-8), but the protease activity increased with the increase in temperature and pH. The purified protease was treated with ten types of surfactants/detergents; it was found to retain over 60% of its activity in the presence of anionic and nonionic detergents. The cellulose plus protease combination was still effective after treatment with Triton X-100 and Tween 80, but the residual activity was low after treatment with Tween 20 than that after treatment with other nonionic detergents. Washing tests indicated that enzyme addition produced no significant improvement in the removal of grass stains, but individual enzyme addition in surfactants/detergents, especially in nonionic detergents, could improve the washing performance of the detergents by improving its ability to remove blood stains. This suggested that the surfactant/detergent class, enzyme properties, and the mixing ratio of ingredients should be considered simultaneously to enhance the washing performance.
Regulation of growth cone actin filaments by guidance cues (2003)

The motile behaviors of growth cones at the ends of elongating axons determine pathways of axonal connections in developing nervous systems. Growth cones express receptors for molecular guidance cues in the local environment, and receptor-guidance cue binding initiates cytoplasmic signaling that regulates the cytoskeleton to control growth cone advance, turning, and branching behaviors. The dynamic actin filaments of growth cones are frequently targets of this regulatory signaling. Rho GTPases are key mediators of signaling by guidance cues, although much remains to be learned about how growth cone responses are orchestrated by Rho GTPase signaling to change the dynamics of polymerization, transport, and disassembly of actin filaments. Binding of neurotrophins to Trk and p75 receptors on growth cones triggers changes in actin filament dynamics to regulate several aspects of growth cone behaviors. Activation of Trk receptors mediates local accumulation of actin filaments, while neurotrophin binding to p75 triggers local decrease in RhoA signaling that promotes lengthening of filopodia. Semaphorin IIIA and ephrin-A2 are guidance cues that trigger avoidance or repulsion of certain growth cones, and in vitro responses to these proteins include growth cone collapse. Dynamic changes in the activities of Rho GTPases appear to mediate responses to these cues, although it remains unclear what the changes are in actin filament distribution and dynamic reorganization that result in growth cone collapse. Growth cones in vivo simultaneously encounter positive and negative guidance cues, and thus, growth cone behaviors during axonal pathfinding reflect the complex integration of multiple signaling activities.
Short Notices (1948)

Short Notices Get access G. G. van D G. G. van D Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume LXIII, Issue CCXLVII, April 1948, Pages 283-a–283, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/LXIII.CCXLVII.283-a Published: 01 April 1948
An Integrated Approach to Improving Plant Biomass Production (2016)

Developing a sustainable biofuel program that minimizes negative impacts on the environment and captures the maximum usable energy per acre is a major challenge in the 21st century. This study used rice as a model grass to identify novel biomass genes and to determine natural variation in cell-wall composition given the wide array of rice genomic tools and the ease of genetic manipulation relative to emerging grass bioenergy crops. In rice, we established an efficient pipeline to identify loci for biomass production and composition. From that work, we identified biomass QTL and candidate genes for improving biomass quality and quantity in plants. Then, we developed resources to enhance the translation of information of biomass production from rice to switchgrass, and used these resources to test candidate genes for function in improving biomass production in switchgrass. We created a web based genomics platform to display and facilitate analysis of rice and switchgrass comparative functional and genomic data. Finally, we describe a novel field-level high throughput phenotyping system that allows for efficient, rapid capture of phenotype data, enabling the mapping of biomass QTL in large plant populations during growth and development. Overall, our project contributed (1) valuable genetic and genomic resources and tools in rice and switchgrass to the biomass community, (2) identified key biomass traits that are amenable for improvement by breeding or biotechnology, (3) provided validation that information from model systems could be applied to improvement of bioenergy crops, (4) developed a novel high throughput phenotyping system for field-level discovery of biomass QTL, and (5) contributed to the interdisciplinary training of four post doctoral fellows and five graduate students.
Analysis and Visualization for Hot Spot Based Route Recommendation Using Short-Dated Taxi GPS Traces (2015)

Taxi GPS traces, which contain a great deal of valuable information as regards to human mobility and city traffic, can be extracted to improve the quality of our lives. Since the method of visualized analysis is believed to be an effective way to present information vividly, we develop our analysis and visualization method based on a city’s short-dated taxi GPS traces, which can provide recommendation to help cruising taxi drivers to find potential passengers with optimal routes. With our approach, hot spots for loading and unloading passenger(s) are extracted using an improved DBSCAN algorithm after data preprocessing including cleaning and filtering. Then, this paper describes the start-end point-based similar trajectory method to get coarse-level trajectories clusters, together with the density-based ε distance trajectory clustering algorithm to identify recommended potential routes. A weighted tree is defined including such factors as driving time, velocity, distance and endpoint attractiveness for optimal route evaluation from vacant to occupied hot spots. An example is presented to show the effectiveness of our visualization method.
Determination of Ploidy of Single Plants and Plant Populations by Flow Cytometry (1987)

Abstract An efficient method for the determination of the ploidy level is described, based on a measurement of the DNA content of interphase nuclei by flow cytometry. Both individual plants as well as plant populations can be used to obtain the desired DNA‐histograms Compared to conventional chromosome counting flow cytometry turned out to be highly competitive in terms of simplicity, accuracy, and costs.
Providing indigent care: strategic issues in management, marketing and ethics. (1986)

Uncompensated cares poses considerable management, marketing and ethical challenges to health care managers. A variety of responses are examined which offer the possibility of reducing the need for inpatient care and the cost of that care as well as for the enhancement of the organization's positioning in the marketing and sales environment. Some of the programs will require support from local community agencies or employers, but others will be quite feasible without such support. Additionally, the programs build on sensitivity to the hospital mission as opposed to turning away from it.
Wanneer om prinse (nie) te vertrou (nie) : menings en inligting (2012)

Confucius het die stelling gemaak dat 'n regeerder op drie dinge moet konsentreer: wapens, kos en vertroue. As hy nie al drie onder beheer kan hou nie, moet hy die wapens eerste laat vaar, en dan die kos. Vertroue moet beskerm word tot die einde; sonder vertroue kan 'n regeerder nie staande bly nie.
Identifying discharge practice training needs (2006)

A training needs analysis tool was developed to identify nurses' discharge training needs and to improve discharge practice. The tool includes 49 elements of discharge practice subdivided into four areas: corporate, operational, clinical and nurse-led discharge. The tool was disseminated to 15 wards on two hospital sites with assistance from the practice development team. Analysis of discharge training is important to assess discharge training needs and to identify staff who may assist with training.
Bioactive glass ceramic: A new material in tympanoplasty (1983)

The practicability of the bioactive glass ceramic Ceravital in ear surgery was tested in animals. The histological findings are presented. Over the last 3 years implants of bioactive glass ceramic were used in humans. Prostheses for the total or partial reconstruction of the ossicular chain and the reconstruction of the bony wall of the outer ear canal were fashioned. We have conducted about 300 tympanoplasties and 60 total or partial reconstructions of the bony wall of the outer ear canal. The otoscopic and functional results were satisfactory.
Suppression of oscillations in confined disk-stabilized flames (1987)

Combustion oscillations in confined axisymmetric flames stabilized behind a bluff body in a uniform duct are compared for ducts with acoustically open and closed upstream ends, with the upstream duct length as a variable. The influence of bends in the upstream duct is examined and shown to be small. The use of a strategically located orifice in the upstream duct is shown to lead to the suppression of oscillations in ducts with an acoustically closed upstream end, and the same principle has been applied successfully in ducts with an acoustically open upstream end. The influences of duct diameter, upstream length, orifice diameter, and location are quantified. It is also shown that smooth convergent-divergent nozzles can be used in place of orifices to suppress combustion oscillations.
Planarization of Silicon Dioxide and Silicon Nitride Passivation Layers (2007)

Final passivation planarization is achieved by optimizing the stack height and trench width for technologies that are sensitive to passivation planarization like image sensor processes. Deposition profiles obtained by using our topography simulator elsa (Enhanced Level Set Applications) predict a range of trench width, stack height, and the thickness of the deposited layers which lead to a sufficient planarization margin. Furthermore, these predictions enable design of trenches with a sufficient side wall and bottom coverage in order to guarantee a proper moisture seal.
RETRACTED: On the efficiency of the Malaysian banking sector: A risk-return perspective (2013)

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief because the author, Muhamed Zulkhibri, has plagiarized in its entirety an article that has already been published in 2009 by Fadzlan Sufian [International Journal of Commerce and Management, Vol. 19 Iss: 3, (2009) pp. 222–232, http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10569210910987994. The co-author, Fadzlan Sufian, was contacted by the Editor-in-chief and he claims that he was not aware that his co-author submitted the article to Review of Development Finance. This article represents a severe abuse of the scientific publishing system. The scientific community takes a very strong view on this matter and apologies are offered to readers of the journal that this was not detected during the submission process.
Refining incomplete planning domain models through plan traces (2013)

Most existing work on learning planning models assumes that the entire model needs to be learned from scratch. A more realistic situation is that the planning agent has an incomplete model which it needs to refine through learning. In this paper we propose and evaluate a method for doing this. Our method takes as input an incomplete model (with missing preconditions and effects in the actions), as well as a set of plan traces that are known to be correct. It outputs a model that not only captures additional precondition/effect knowledge about the given actions, but also macro actions. We use a MAX-SAT framework for learning, where the constraints are derived from the executability of the given plan traces, as well as the preconditions/ effects of the given incomplete model. Unlike traditional macro-action learners which use macros to increase the efficiency of planning (in the context of a complete model), our motivation for learning macros is to increase the accuracy (robustness) of the plans generated with the refined model. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach through a systematic empirical evaluation.
Dose of Hemodialysis and Survival (1998)

Using URR, the usual measure of hemodialysis dose, the assumption that the association between dialysis dose and survival is uniform across demographic groups appears incorrect. Comparisons of the quality of dialysis patient care should not rely on URR alone to predict patient survival.
A dynamic stock trading system based on a Multi-objective Quantum-Inspired Tabu Search algorithm (2014)

Recently evolutionary algorithms, such as the Genetic Algorithm (GA), Genetic Programming (GP) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), have become common approaches used in financial applications to address stock trading problems. In this paper, we propose a novel method called the Multi-objective Quantum-inspired Tabu Search (MOQTS) algorithm, which can be applied in a stock trading system. Determining the best time to buy and sell in the stock market and maximizing profits while incurring fewer risks are important issues in financial research. In order to identify ideal trading points, the proposed trading system uses various kinds of technical indicators as trading rules in order to cope with different stock situations. The proposed algorithm is used to identify the optimal combination of trading rules as our trading strategy. Moreover, it makes use of a sliding window in order to avoid the major problem of over-fitting. In the experiment, the algorithm uses both profit earned and other aspects, such as successful transaction rate and standard deviation, to analyze this system. The experimental results, in relation to profit earned and successful transaction rates in the U.S.A stock market, outperform both the traditional method and the Buy & Hold method which are common benchmarks in the field.
Mesalazine and/or Lactobacillus casei in Preventing Recurrence of Symptomatic Uncomplicated Diverticular Disease of the Colon (2006)

Both mesalazine and L. casei DG seem to be effective in preventing recurrence of symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease of the colon, but their association seems to be more promising in this field.
Automated Attitude Sensor Calibration: Progress and Plans (2004)

This paper describes ongoing work a NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center to improve the quality of spacecraft attitude sensor calibration and reduce costs by automating parts of the calibration process. The new calibration software can autonomously preview data quality over a given time span, select a subset of the data for processing, perform the requested calibration, and output a report. This level of automation is currently being implemented for two specific applications: inertial reference unit (IRU) calibration and sensor alignment calibration. The IRU calibration utility makes use of a sequential version of the Davenport algorithm. This utility has been successfully tested with simulated and actual flight data. The alignment calibration is still in the early testing stage. Both utilities will be incorporated into the institutional attitude ground support system.
New Techniques for Radiation Vulcanization (1965)

Abstract Vulcanizates with satisfactory physical properties can be obtained using substantially smaller radiation doses than has formerly been thought necessary.
A tactile sensor skin for measuring surface contours (2003)

The design and construction of a compliant tactile sensory skin intended for use in robotics applications are described. Sensor compliance increases the information gathering capabilities of the sensor, accommodates a degree of inaccuracy in robot positioning, aids stable grasping and resists damage. The sensor consists of a quantity of fluid contained behind a neoprene rubber skin. The electrical resistance between points on the rubber skin and the rigid substrate provides a measure of the surface profile of objects indented into the sensor. Results obtained using a prototype version of the sensor are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
STEP: Statewide traffic estimation program (1989)

STEP is an integrated traffic counting strategy, statistical estimation and computer system which provides the road designer/road analyst with reproducible, consistent measured or estimated road usage parameters used in the management of a principal road network to meet the community's needs.
Automatic test case generation from requirements for industrial cyber-physical systems (2016)

Abstract Industrial cyber-physical systems require complex software to orchestrate heterogeneous mechatronic components and control physical processes. This software is typically developed and refined iteratively in a model-driven fashion. Testing such multi-dimensional systems is extremely difficult as subsequent refinements may not correspond accurately with previous system models. We propose a framework to generate test-cases from functional requirements at all stages in the model-driven engineering process. A requirements ontology initially created during requirements engineering is iteratively refined such that test-cases can be generated automatically. An industrial water process system case study illustrates the strengths of the proposed formalism. We also present an automatic test-case generation and execution tool called REBATE (REquirements Based Automatic Testing Engine).
CRISPR-Cas9 modified bacteriophage for treatment of Staphylococcus aureus induced osteomyelitis and soft tissue infection (2019)

Osteomyelitis, or bone infection, is often induced by antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains of bacteria. Although debridement and long-term administration of antibiotics are the gold standard for osteomyelitis treatment, the increase in prevalence of antibiotic resistant bacterial strains limits the ability of clinicians to effectively treat infection. Bacteriophages (phages), viruses that in a lytic state can effectively kill bacteria, have gained recent attention for their high specificity, abundance in nature, and minimal risk of host toxicity. Previously, we have shown that CRISPR-Cas9 genomic editing techniques could be utilized to expand temperate bacteriophage host range and enhance bactericidal activity through modification of the tail fiber protein. In a dermal infection study, these CRISPR-Cas9 phages reduced bacterial load relative to unmodified phage. Thus we hypothesized this temperate bacteriophage, equipped with the CRISPR-Cas9 bactericidal machinery, would be effective at mitigating infection from a biofilm forming S. aureus strain in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, qualitative fluorescent imaging demonstrated superiority of phage to conventional vancomycin and fosfomycin antibiotics against S. aureus biofilm. Quantitative antibiofilm effects increased over time, at least partially, for all fosfomycin, phage, and fosfomycin-phage (dual) therapeutics delivered via alginate hydrogel. We developed an in vivo rat model of osteomyelitis and soft tissue infection that was reproducible and challenging and enabled longitudinal monitoring of infection progression. Using this model, phage (with and without fosfomycin) delivered via alginate hydrogel were successful in reducing soft tissue infection but not bone infection, based on bacteriological, histological, and scanning electron microscopy analyses. Notably, the efficacy of phage at mitigating soft tissue infection was equal to that of high dose fosfomycin. Future research may utilize this model as a platform for evaluation of therapeutic type and dose, and alternate delivery vehicles for osteomyelitis mitigation.
The Exploration for Using E-commerce Platform to Optimize Insurance Business (2012)

This article analyzes the insurance business model, and points out the future direction and content for the existing insurance business. Based on the analysis, the article introduces the e-commerce platform to improve and optimize the traditional insurance business model, and gives a number of related recommendations.
A Large aperture imaging gas scintillation proportional counter (1988)

An imaging gas scintillation proportional counter (GSPC) having a 70 mm diameter thin polypropylene entrance window has been built. The detector is of the so called driftless type. In this concept the X-rays are absorbed directly in the scintillation region whereas in conventional GSPCs a separate drift region with a lower electric field is used. The advantages of a driftless GSPC are its improved low energy response and higher background rejection efficiency. Position sensitive read-out of the scintillation light is performed by means of a 5" Hamamatsu photomultiplier with mesh dynodes and crossed-wire anode. In this article we present energy and position resolution measurements obtained with this detector at several X-ray energies. For example values of 16.0 % and 1.9 mm full width at half maximum (FWHM) energy and position resolutions have been measured at an energy of 1487 eV. Some present limitations will be discussed and an outline of future developments will be given.
Methods and materials of painting of the great schools and masters (1960)

Filled with original texts and commentary, this books covers the methods of Greek and Roman artists, medieval techniques, fresco and tempera painting, the Flemish method of preparing colors, the meth ods of Reynolds, Raphael, Leonardo, Perugino and others.
Interference Microscope with Total Wavefront Reconstruction (1966)

An interference microscope is described, constructed in 1951–56, in which three-dimensional objects can be reconstructed, correctly incorporating amplitudes and phases, from two photographs simultaneously taken on one plate. These photographs are “holograms,” that is to say, records of the interference of the image-carrying wave, split in two, with a coherent background wave, also split in two. A phase difference of a quarter wave is produced, for the two otherwise identical photographs, between the image-carrying waves and their respective coherent backgrounds. The two photographs are in sine–cosine or “quadrature” relation; between them they contain the full optical information. If they are illuminated in such a way that there is a difference of a quarter wave in the phases at two corresponding points, and if the two beams are united, the original image-carrying wave is restored correctly in amplitude and in phase. An essential part of the instrument is a “quadrature prism”; a beam splitter with a three-layer sandwich, which establishes the quadrature relation in the taking of the holograms.The microscope has the advantage that it need not be focused, as it gives a three-dimensional reconstruction. Moreover, photographs can be taken with 1/10 or even 1/100 of the light required for exposure going through the object; the rest of the energy is supplied by the background beam, which is 10–100 times stronger, and which goes around the object.Many details of the instrument are now out of date owing to the invention of the laser. Alternative methods which have now become possible are discussed for realizing the principle of total reconstruction.