gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Megasphaera elsdenii NCIMB 41125 drenching on health and performance of steers fed high and low roughage diets in the feedlot (2010)

Lactate utilising bacteria (LUB) assist in reducing the risk of ruminal lactate acidosis when high concentrate diets are fed to feedlot cattle. Ruminal lactate acidosis can lead to lower animal performance and morbidity. Preliminary studies suggested that the strain, Megasphaera elsdenii (M.e.) NCIMB 41125, is a particularly potent LUB. The potential of M.e.NCIMB 41125 to improve the health and performance of feedlot cattle was investigated. Four hundred and forty eight Bonsmara steers (ca. 240 kg) were used in a 100-day feeding trial. Half the steers received at processing 200 mL M.e.NCIMB 41125 per os (LY) and the other half no LUB (LN). The diets in each of these treatments were divided into a low roughage (2%) (RL) and high roughage (8%) (RH) diet. The effects of LY vs. LN, RL vs. RH as main effects and their respective interactions (LYRL, LYRH, LNRL & LNRH) were compared in terms of morbidity, feedlot performance and carcass characteristics. The steers were weighed at two week intervals, feed was offered daily and the orts were removed weekly from each pen. The faecal consistency score and incidence of morbidity were recorded. At slaughter, carcass data were collected and the health status of the liver and rumen epithelium was assessed. Steers dosed with M.e.NCIMB 41125 had a 5.6% better average daily gain (ADG) during weeks 3 - 5 (2.09 kg/day vs. 1.98 kg/day for LY and LN, respectively). Feed conversion ratio (FCR, Weeks 1 - 13) was better for the steers fed the RL than the RH treatment (4.72 kg/kg vs. 4.99 kg/kg for RL and RH, respectively). Steers on the LNRH treatment during weeks 3 - 5 used more feed per kg gain than steers on the other treatments (5.39 kg/kg for LNRH vs. 4.74 kg/kg and 4.72 kg/kg for LYRL and LNRL, respectively). More steers (21) on the LNRL treatment were treated for morbidity than on the other treatments (8, 7 and 5 for LYRL, LYRH and LNRH, respectively). In general, animal performance was not improved by dosing with M.e.NCIMB 41125, but since ADG was improved in the immediate postadaptation phase (weeks 3 - 5) and morbidity levels were lower on the low roughage diet, dosing of steers on low roughage, lactate acidosis-prone, diets with M.e.NCIMB 41125 should prove useful.Keywords: Beef cattle, lactic acid utilising bacteria, acidosis, morbidity
Cathode/heater-insulation failure in oxide-cathode valves (1965)

Heater/cathode insulation in indirectly heated valves is considered as a two-part phenomenon: the comparatively slow deterioration during operational conditions followed by a rapid thermal breakdown, which is caused directly by the sudden passage of a large current between heater and cathode.Examination of heater/cathode failures in valves tested under rigidly controlled conditions has indicated some of the laws governing the deterioration of the insulation. The effects of various parameters such as temperature of operation, thickness of insulation and applied potential have been studied, and comparisons have also been made for different heater and cathode materials.The experimental evidence is discussed in an attempt to explain the failure mechanism involved, and the conclusion that electrolysis is the principal factor is supported by the results of a number of experiments carried out with specially designed electrode structures.
Use of bar code labels on collection tubes for specimen management in the clinical laboratory. (1988)

A new generation in specimen handling has arrived with the introduction of bar code readers on medical laboratory equipment. The incorporation of this technology into laboratory information systems offers a streamlining of specimen workflow never before achievable in a laboratory environment. The use of evacuated collection tubes as the primary sampling container on a random-access chemistry analyzer interfaced to a laboratory information system creates a very simplified sampling/analysis system with tremendous advantages. There are significant labor savings, superior service to clinicians, and reduced chances for clerical error.
A bearingless method for induction machines (1993)

A bearingless induction motor system that uses standard windings is proposed. The theoretical assumptions are tested experimentally using a four-pole, two-phase machine without one mechanical bearing. The basic idea is the modulation of the stator winding currents to achieve positioning and rotary forces. Shaft deviations smaller than 0.5 mm at speeds of 4000 rpm are reached during the initial laboratory tests.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Functional Hemichannels in Astrocytes: A Novel Mechanism of Glutamate Release (2003)

Little is known about the expression and possible functions of unopposed gap junction hemichannels in the brain. Emerging evidence suggests that gap junction hemichannels can act as stand-alone functional channels in astrocytes. With immunocytochemistry, dye uptake, and HPLC measurements, we show that astrocytes <i>in vitro</i> express functional hemichannels that can mediate robust efflux of glutamate and aspartate. Functional hemichannels were confirmed by passage of extracellular lucifer yellow (LY) into astrocytes in nominal divalent cation-free solution (DCFS) and the ability to block this passage with gap junction blocking agents. Glutamate/aspartate release (or LY loading) in DCFS was blocked by multivalent cations (Ca<sup>2+</sup>, Ba<sup>2+</sup>, Sr<sup>2+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>, and La<sup>3+</sup>) and by gap junction blocking agents (carbenoxolone, octanol, heptanol, flufenamic acid, and 18α-glycyrrhetinic acid) with affinities close to those reported for blockade of gap junction intercellular communication. Glutamate efflux via hemichannels was also accompanied by greatly reduced glutamate uptake. Glutamate release in DCFS, however, was not significantly mediated by reversal of the glutamate transporter: release did not saturate and was not blocked by glutamate transporter blockers. Control experiments in DCFS precluded glutamate release by volume-sensitive anion channels, P2X<sub>7</sub> purinergic receptor pores, or general purinergic receptor activation. Blocking intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> mobilization by BAPTA-AM or thapsigargin did not inhibit glutamate release in DCFS. Divalent cation removal also induced glutamate release from intact CNS white matter (acutely isolated optic nerve) that was blocked by carbenoxolone, suggesting the existence of functional hemichannels <i>in situ</i>. Our results indicated that astrocyte hemichannels could influence CNS levels of extracellular glutamate with implications for normal and pathological brain function.
A Practical Roadside Camera Calibration Method Based on Least Squares Optimization (2014)

In this paper, we propose a more practical and accurate method for calibrating the roadside camera used in traffic surveillance systems. Considering the characteristics of the traffic scenes, we propose a minimum calibration condition that consists of two vanishing points and a vanishing line, which can be easily satisfied in most traffic scenes. Based on the minimum calibration condition, we provide a calibration method to estimate camera intrinsic parameters and rotation angles, which employs least squares optimization instead of closed-form computation. Compared with the existing calibration methods, our method is suitable for more traffic scenes and is able to accurately determine more camera parameters including the principal point. By making full use of video information, multiple observations of the vanishing points are available from different objects. For more accurate calibration, we present a dynamic calibration method using these observations to correct camera parameters. As for the estimation of the camera translation vector, known lengths in the road or known heights above the road are exploited. The experimental results on synthetic data and real traffic images demonstrate the accuracy, robustness, and practicability of the proposed calibration method.
Serum responsiveness of the rat PCNA promoter involves the proximal ATF and AP‐1 sites (1998)

We have previously shown that the rat PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) gene promoter is responsive to serum stimulation. In this study, the sequence of the promoter responsive to serum stimulation has been localized in the region between nucleotides -70 and +125 relative to the transcription initiation site. This region contains an ATF site (nucleotides -51 to -44) and an AP-1 site (nucleotides -64 to -58). Mutation at either the ATF or the AP-1 site reduced the serum responsiveness of the promoter. In gel mobility shift assays, nuclear extracts from serum stimulated cells, compared to those from quiescent cells, exhibit an increasing binding activity toward a promoter related oligonucleotide (-70 to -42) which includes the ATF site and the AP-1 site. Formation of the DNA:protein complexes requires the simultaneous involvement of ATF and AP-1 sites as either element can abrogate the complexes in the competition experiment. Both the distance and sequence are essential to complex formation. Moreover, ATF-1 but not ATF-2 (or CREB) has been identified as a major component of the complexes in the antibody supershift or interference experiment. The results of this study suggest that ATF-1 in association with other factors is involved in regulating the serum stimulation of the rat PCNA promoter activity via the proximal ATF and AP-1 sites.
Decimal Trading and Market Impact (2002)

Using high-frequency data and a carefully constructed 1-1 matched sample of control (non-decimal) stocks, we isolate the effects of decimalization for a sample of NYSE-listed common stocks trading in decimals. We find that both quoted and effective bid-ask spreads and depths have declined significantly following decimalization. Both trades and trading volume have declined significantly in all trade size, as well as in all stock size, categories. Stock return volatilities display an initial increase but a decline over the longer term probably as traders become more comfortable in their new milieu. Finally, although there is some evidence of increased presence among regional stock exchanges in the wake of decimalization, the NYSE still appears to be very much in the lead in all categories. Our results have important research and policy implications.
Prediction of Gas Injection Performance for Heterogeneous Reservoirs (1999)

This report describes research carried out in the Department of Petroleum Engineering at Stanford University from September 1998 - September 1998 under the third year of a three-year Department of Energy (DOE) grant on the ''Prediction of Gas Injection Performance for Heterogeneous Reservoirs''. The research effort is an integrated study of the factors affecting gas injection, from the pore scale to the field scale, and involves theoretical analysis, laboratory experiments and numerical simulation. The research is divided into four main areas: (1) Pore scale modeling of three-phase flow in porous media; (2) Laboratory experiments and analysis of factors influencing gas injection performance at the core scale with an emphasis on the fundamentals of three-phase flow; (3) Benchmark simulations of gas injection at the field scale; and (4) Development of streamline-based reservoir simulator.
Tissue culture, protein and collagen synthesis in antibiotic sterilized canine heart valves (1976)

Viability of canine heart valve leaflet fibroblasts was assessed after varying periods of sterilization and storage in antibiotic-nutrient solution. Tissue culture and assessment of protein and collagen synthesis showed that tissue obtained under optimal conditions rarely retains viability beyond 3 weeks in antibiotic-nutrient solution and is severely impaired after 2 weeks. This casts serious doubts on viability in current clinical homograft valve practice.
Generation and reproductive phenotypes of mice lacking estrogen receptor (2020)

Estrogens influence the differentiation and maintenance of reproductive tissues and affect lipid metabolism and bone remodeling. Two estrogen receptors (ERs) have been identified to date, ERα and ERβ. We previously generated and studied knockout mice lacking estrogen receptor α and reported severe reproductive and behavioral phenotypes including complete infertility of both male and female mice and absence of breast tissue development. Here we describe the generation of mice lacking estrogen receptor β (ERβ −/−) by insertion of a neomycin resistance gene into exon 3 of the coding gene by using homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells. Mice lacking this receptor develop normally and are indistinguishable grossly and histologically as young adults from their littermates. RNA analysis and immunocytochemistry show that tissues from ERβ −/− mice lack normal ERβ RNA and protein. Breeding experiments with young, sexually mature females show that they are fertile and exhibit normal sexual behavior, but have fewer and smaller litters than wild-type mice. Superovulation experiments indicate that this reduction in fertility is the result of reduced ovarian efficiency. The mutant females have normal breast development and lactate normally. Young, sexually mature male mice show no overt abnormalities and reproduce normally. Older mutant males display signs of prostate and bladder hyperplasia. Our results indicate that ERβ is essential for normal ovulation efficiency but is not essential for female or male sexual differentiation, fertility, or lactation. Future experiments are required to determine the role of ERβ in bone and cardiovascular homeostasis.
Implantation and annealing of Cu in InP for electrical isolation: microstructural characterisation (2002)

The formation of metallic precipitates to produce embedded Schottky barriers within a conductive layer has been investigated as a potentially new form of implantation-induced isolation. Accordingly, Cu-implanted InP has been characterised with Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, transmission electron microscopy and secondary ion mass spectrometry as functions of implantation and annealing temperatures. Substrates implanted at room temperature were amorphised, resulting in greater post-anneal disorder in the form of microtwins and dislocations. However, annealing-induced Cu diffusion was reduced in such samples as attributed to gettering at end-of-range disorder. Additional defect centres, potentially Cu-based precipitates, were also observed. Further to the structural characterisation presented herein, complementary electrical measurements are necessary to deduce the appropriate combination of residual disorder and precipitate concentration to yield electrical compensation. This will ultimately determine the viability of this isolation technology for producing extremely resistive substrates for very high frequency devices.
Documents (2013)

A. Les heures de travail à Montivilliers B. Ordonnance de la draperie de la ville et de la vicomté de Caudebec (1402) C. Statuts de la draperie de Beaumont D. Tisserands et drapiers de Neufchâtel devant l’Échiquier (1463-1464) E. Les heures de travail à Louviers, 20 août 1481 F. Rouen : procès à l’Échiquier, 24 mai 1504 G. Tisserands-drapiers et foulons-drapiers de Louviers devant l’Échiquier H. Draps et drapiers normands sur les marchés extérieurs I. Fermes de la ville de Rouen relatives à l...
Evaluating Four-Point Bend Fatigue of Asphalt Mix Using Image Analysis (2004)

One of the primary structural distress modes found in bituminous pavement layers is fatigue cracking, resulting from repeated application of traffic-induced stresses. The development of a four-point bending test arrangement to determine the dynamic mechanical properties of rectangular beam specimens (305×45×50mm dimensions) of bituminous mixtures is discussed. This novel system allows the crack-damaged surfaces of beam specimens to be inspected and monitored digitally in situ during fatigue tests. The test fixture, which was integrated with a closed-loop servo hydraulic feedback system, incorporates a constant clamping mechanism and uses a combined displacement and loading mode of control. A series of four-point bending fatigue tests were performed on specimens of two standard Irish mixtures: a hot rolled asphalt and dense base course macadam. The digitally imaged information on fatigue cracking was used to measure the extent of damage and to characterize a linear elastic fracture mechanics model.
THE TOWNSEND DISCHARGE IN A COAXIAL DIODE WITH AXIAL MAGNETIC FIELD (1958)

An approximate theory is developed of the breakdown characteristics of a coaxial diode in an axial magnetic field, taking into account the effects of elastic collisions. It is assumed that the electron moves in a constant electric field between collisions and thus the theory is valid only in the appropriate range of magnetic field and voltage. Estimates of transit time and of space-charge effects are also made. Measurements in the pressure range 10 −3 to 10 −9 mm. Hg are in general agreement with the theory.
Complex brain and behavioral functions disrupted by mutations in Drosophila (1983)

Abstract Reproductive behavior in Drosophila involves a complex series of actions which is perturbed by many different kinds of mutations. Some of the most interesting courtship variants are those originally isolated with respect to disruptions of general learning and memory. Several types of genetically abnormal males have their “conditioned courtship” blocked or attenuated by the learning and memory mutations, some of which, in turn, are known to cause abnormal levels of specific monoamines or cyclic nucleotides. Recent studies of the defective courtship performed by the conditioning mutants involve “mosaic focusing” of the neural tissues affected by the behavioral/biochemical mutations. These experiments address the question of whether there are localized influences of the relevant genetic loci in their control of conditioned courtship, in spite of the fact that the protein products of the genes have a broad tissue distribution. Female responses to courting Drosophila males can also be dependent on the former's prior experiences. This pertains to enhancing aftereffects of prestimulation by the courtship song that is produced by a male; and the same learning and memory mutations, expressed in females, impinge on the normal aftereffects. One element of acoustical communication in courtship is a rhythmic oscillation in a particular component of the song. This short‐term behavioral rhythm is altered in males expressing circadian rhythm mutations. To investigate the neural and cellular mechanisms by which these genes act, a mosaic analysis has been initiated on the ganglia affected by a clock mutation in its disruption of the courtship rhythm and of circadian cycles. A molecular isolation and identification of the normal form of this genecalled period —has also begun, in order to probe the locus's structure and function in detail. Such an investigation will include a comparison of the mosaic results with a direct determination of the various tissues in which the gene's product is expressed. In addition, interspecific transfers of the purified period gene will augment the current studies of species‐specific features of the rhythmic courtship songs.
Automatic Detection and Inpainting of Text Images (2013)

The proposed system detects text using connect component labelling and a set of selection/ rejection criteria which helps to retain the text region alone. The detected text region is then inpainted using fast marching algorithm which uses the pixel information that is present in the non-text region of the image for inpainting the detected text region. This work is done in two steps. The first step detects the text region from the image without the user manually marking it and in the second step the text is de-occluded from the image using the existing fast marching inpainting algorithm.
The emerging technique of electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy‐guided fine‐needle aspiration of peripheral lung lesions: Promising results in 50 lesions (2013)

The high overall diagnostic yield of 94% and fewer complications make ENB-FNA a useful modality for the assessment of PLLs. In this study, ROSE was useful, whereas PET-CT, ENB-BB, and ENB-TBx were not useful in the evaluation of PLLs.
Influence of concentration in phosphoric acid treatment of titanium oxide and their powder properties (2014)

Titanium oxide that has the photocatalytic activity is used as a white pigment for cosmetics. A certain degree of sebum on the skin is decomposed by the ultraviolet radiation in sunlight. In this work, titanium oxide was shaken with various concentrations of phosphoric acid to synthesize a novel white pigment for cosmetics. Their chemical composition, powder properties, photocatalytic activity, color phase, and smoothness were studied. The obtained materials indicated XRD peaks of titanium oxide; however, these peak intensities became weak by phosphoric acid treatment. The photocatalytic activity of the obtained powders became weak by phosphoric acid treatment to protect the sebum on the skin. The high concentration of phosphoric acid was suitable to obtain a novel white pigment in the phosphoric acid treatment of titanium oxide.
Circulating miR‑451a levels as a potential biomarker to predict the prognosis of patients with multiple myeloma (2020)

The natural course of multiple myeloma (MM) varies greatly between patients. The Revised MM International Staging System (R-ISS) identifies high-risk patients, but it is unsuitable for assessing minimal residual disease (MRD). Furthermore, the focal location of myeloma cells and clonal evolution often produce false negative results in flow cytometry. Extracellular microRNA (miRNA/miR) expression levels are stable in bodily fluids, and are retrievable and measurable from fresh or archived serum or plasma samples. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the clinical utility of circulating miRNA levels in patients with MM, particularly miR-451a, which is commonly downregulated in MM, and whether it could predict the prognosis and relapse of patients with MM. In total, 66 patients with MM, stratified using the R-ISS criteria, were recruited, while 10 healthy subjects (transplantation donors) were enrolled as controls. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was used to evaluate miR-451a expression in bone marrow (BM) and in the circulation. IL-6 levels were measured using ELISA, while western blotting was conducted to analyze the protein expression levels of the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R). During follow-up, MRD was assessed via multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC). miR-451a was identified to target IL-6R using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Circulating miR-451a levels were low in patients with MM, and was found to be 0.39 times that of the control group (U=4.00; P<0.001). Among the 66 patients with MM, the median level of miR-451a was 0.73 and 0.41 times that of the control group in R-ISS stage I MM (15 patients) and R-ISS stage II stage (17 patients), respectively; patients with R-ISS stage III MM (34 patients) had the lowest level, at 0.24 times the value of the control group. Circulating miR-451a levels had a strong positive correlation with miR-451a levels in BM, but negatively correlated with IL-6 and IL-6R levels. After two courses of consolidation chemotherapy, 19 patients achieved complete remission, 10 of whom presented steady circulating miR-451a levels during follow-up; the other nine patients had an abrupt decrease in circulating miR-451a levels. The turning points in the trend appeared 4-8 weeks before positive results were obtained via MFC, and 4-16 weeks before clinical relapse. Moreover, miR-451a overexpression notably downregulated the expression of the IL-6R mRNA and protein. Collectively, circulating miR-451a levels potentially represent a novel biomarker to monitor MRD and predict relapse.