gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DNA Damage-Dependent Apoptosis (2007)

DNA damage caused by endogenous and exogenous agents represents a serious survival challenge for cells. The cell-cycle checkpoints and DNA repair mechanisms are activated to allow more time for effective repair. However, if these mechanisms fail or the damage is irreparable, then apoptosis is induced to eliminate cells carrying DNA lesions and preserve genomic integrity. This chapter discusses how DNA damage-dependent apoptosis is induced and executed.
Identification of Lactoce Plasmids in Lactococcus lastic subsp. lactis Stains (2000)

Plasmids encoding lactic acid fermentation ability were investigated in 50 strains of L. lactis subsp. lactis. Acriflavine was used for the elimination of lactose fermentation ability (Lac + ) from wild type strains. Lactose negative (Lac - ) mutants were selected on lactose indicator agar media. Six different lactose plasmids were identified for fifty strains by comparison of plasmid profiles of Lac - and Lac + mutants. The molecular sizes of these lactose plasmids ranged between 26.3 and 38.5 kb.
Nonlinear Control for DC Microgrids Enabling Efficient Renewable Power Integration and Ancillary Services for AC Grids (2018)

A nonlinear control able to perform voltage and power stability in direct current (dc) microgrids for an efficient renewable energy integration that is capable of providing frequency support to an alternate current grid is introduced in this work. A generic dc microgrid modeling is developed, and the introduced controllers are shown to ensure grid stability, both by a theoretical analysis with a formal proof of stability using Lyapunov techniques, than by simulations performed in MATLAB. A comparison with classical proportional integral control techniques is described to show the performance improvements.
The Cholinergic Antagonist Gymnodimine Improves Aβ and Tau Neuropathology in an <i>in Vitro</i> Model of Alzheimer Disease (2011)

Gymnodimine (GYM) is a marine phycotoxin with a macrocyclic imine structure, isolated from extracts of the dinoflagellate Karenia selliformis known to act as a cholinergic antagonist with subtype selectivity. However, no data on the chronic effects of this compound has been reported so far. In this work, we evaluated the effect of long term exposure of cortical neurons to gymnodimine in the progress of Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology in vitro. Treatment of cortical neurons with 50 nM gymnodimine decreased the intracellular amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation and the levels of the hyperphosphorylated isoforms of tau protein recognized by AT8 and AT100 antibodies. These results are suggested to be mediated by the increase in the inactive isoform of the glycogen synthase kinase-3 (phospho GSK-3 Ser9), the decrease in the levels of the active isoform of the ERK1/2 kinase and the increase in acetylcholine (Ach) synthesis elicited by long term exposure of cortical neurons to the toxin. Moreover, gymnodimine decreased glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in vitro. Altogether these results indicate that the marine phycotoxin gymnodimine may constitute a valuable tool for the development of drugs to treat neurodegenerative diseases.
The atrial natriuretic peptide and cGMP: Novel activators of the heat shock response in rat livers (2002)

Preischemic treatment with atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) attenuates ischemia-reperfusion injury of the rat liver via cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). The attenuated activation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) seems to contribute to this effect. The aim of this study was to determine whether heat shock proteins are involved in these molecular pathways. Livers of male Sprague-Dawley rats were continuously perfused with Krebs-Henseleit (KH) buffer with or without ANP or 8-Br-cGMP. In different experiments livers were perfused with or without ANP for 20 minutes, kept in cold storage solution for 24 hours, and reperfused. Activation of heat shock transcription factor (HSF) (by electrophoretic mobility shift assay), heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), and glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) mRNA (by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction [RT-PCR]), as well as HSP70 (by Western blot) were investigated in freeze-clamped liver samples. During continuous perfusion ANP as well as 8-Br-cGMP activated HSF, HSP70 protein concentrations paralleled HSF-activation. ANP pretreated livers exhibited elevated HSF after 24 hours of ischemia and elevated HSP70 mRNA levels during reperfusion. ANP prevented the marked decrease of HSP70 protein during reperfusion. Coimmunoprecipitation studies showed increased binding of HSP70 to inhibitory factor kappaB (IkappaB) in ANP-treated livers. In conclusion, we showed the cGMP-mediated activation of HSF by ANP, which resulted in elevated HSP70 mRNA and protein concentrations and correlated with enhanced binding of HSP70 to IkappaB. This could be an important mechanism of ANP-mediated prevention of hepatic preservation damage.
Establishment of reference values for endocrine tests. Part IV: Adrenal insufficiency. (2005)

We established reference values for diagnostic tests that are useful in the evaluation of patients suspected of primary or secondary/tertiary adrenal insufficiency.
[Role of protein C in endotoxin-induced release of plasminogen activator inhibitor from endothelial cell]. (1989)

To elucidate the role of protein C (PC) in the release of plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) from endothelial cells, the effect of PC and activated protein C (APC) on plasma levels of PAI in endotoxin (ET)-treated rats was examined. When activated by snake venom, human PC significantly prolonged the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) of both human and rat plasma samples. Addition of APC also prolonged the APTT of both human and rat plasma samples. PAI activity in plasma from septicemic patients and ET-treated rats was neutralized by APC. A small dose of ET (0.1 microgram/kg) gradually increased plasma PAI activity, which became maximum 3h after ET-treatment. APC administered prior to ET-treatment, PC decreased PAI activity, however, no such inhibition was seen when administered after ET-treatment. A significant negative correlation between PC concentrations and PAI activities was observed in plasma from septicemic patients. These findings indicated that activation of PC on endothelial surface plays a regulatory role in releasing PAI and that endotoxin might inhibit the surface activation of PC.
DUV and VUV lithography application of excimer laser systems (2002)

The historical/predicted feature scaling and imaging wavelength reduction are shown. The current adoption of 193 nm wavelength illumination for 130-100 nm IC node manufacturing in 2001 and the predicted integration of 157 nm VUV illumination extend the regime of sub-wavelength imaging. Since image resolution is proportional to illumination wavelength, additional advances in the photolithography process performance enable the high rate of IC device scaling. The technological challenges in achieving the lithographic feature scaling beyond the 150 nm and 130 nm IC nodes of today are also addressed.
An Implantable Myoelectric Sensor Based Prosthesis Control System (2006)

We present progress on the design and testing of an upper-extremity prosthesis control system based on implantable myoelectric sensors. The implant consists of a single silicon chip packaged with transmit and receive coils. Forward control telemetry to, and reverse EMG data telemetry from multiple implants has been demonstrated
Integrating Workload Specification and Extraction for Model-Based and Measurement-Based Performance Evaluation: An Approach for Session-Based Software Systems (2014)

Workload modeling and generation/simulation are essential to systematically and accurately evaluate performance properties of software systems for both measurement-based (e.g., load testing and benchmarking) and model-based performance evaluation (e.g., prediction). For measurement-based evaluation, established load generation tools exist that take workload specifications as input and generate corresponding requests to the system under test (SUT). Specifications of workloads are also tightly integrated in formalisms and approaches for model-based performance evaluation, including analytic and simulative techniques. The definition of workload specifications that represent the real workload as accurately as possible is one of the biggest challenges in both areas. Only few approaches for sharing workload specifications between the model-based and the measurement-based worlds exist.

In this talk, we will present our approach that aims to interchange and automate the extraction and transformation of workload specifications for measurement-based and model-based performance evaluation of session-based software systems. The approach comprises three main components: First, a domain specific language (DSL) allows the layered modeling of probabilistic workload specifications of session-based systems. Second, we automatically extract instances of this DSL from recorded session logs of production systems, e.g., employing Kieker. During this extraction process, different groups of customers with similar navigational patterns are identified using configurable clustering algorithms. Third, instances of the DSL are transformed to workload specifications for load generation tools and model-based performance evaluation tools. We will present a transformation to the common load testing tool Apache JMeter, including the Markov4JMeter extension developed in our previous work. Moreover, we will present our work in progress on transforming instances of the DSL to workload models in the Palladio Component Model. We evaluate our approach by comparing workload-specific characteristics (e.g., session lengths and arrival rates) from the recorded and the extracted/generated workload of the industry benchmark SPECjEnterprise2010.
High-speed Electrical Discharge Machining with a 5-DOF Controlled Maglev Actuator (2007)

The object of this study is to realize high-speed electrical discharge machining (EDM) using a wide-bandwidth, high-precision, millimeter-stroke, 5-DOF controlled maglev local actuator. In this paper, we report on the EDM of small holes using this actuator, and discuss the relationships between machining speed, the bandwidth of the actuator and the control gain of the EDM system. The experimental results show that the machining speed using the actuator was improved as the bandwidth of the actuator and control gain of the EDM system increased.
Enrichment of Chromium(VI) by Macrorecticular DPC Resin (1983)

Using a column of macrorecticular gel beads impregnated with alcohol solution of diphenylcarbarzide (DPC), the enrichment of Cr(Ⅵ) ion in 0.1M sulfuric acid was investigated. The column performance was compared with respect to the types of solid support such as Amberlite XAD and Diaion HP. Diaion HP-20 was found to be most suitable for this purpose. The break through point was increased when increasing the amount of DPC absorbed in the resin and the concentrated sample solution showed higher break through capacity than the dilute one. The extraction of Cr(Ⅵ) was not affected by the presence of 100 ppm Fe(Ⅲ) which amounted to ten times of 10 ppm Cr(Ⅵ) and the presence of other metal ions which amounted to 100 times of 10 ppm Cr(Ⅵ). Because the used gel particles were effectively regenerated with methanol, they were able to be used repeatedly.
Modulation of the IL-33/IL-13 Axis in Obesity by IL-13Rα2 (2018)

In obesity, IL-13 overcomes insulin resistance by promoting anti-inflammatory macrophage differentiation in adipose tissue. Endogenous IL-13 levels can be modulated by the IL-13 decoy receptor, IL-13Rα2, which inactivates and depletes the cytokine. In this study, we show that IL-13Rα2 is markedly elevated in adipose tissues of obese mice. Mice deficient in IL-13Rα2 had high expression of IL-13 response markers in adipose tissue, consistent with increased IL-13 activity at baseline. Moreover, exposure to the type 2 cytokine-inducing alarmin, IL-33, enhanced serum and tissue IL-13 concentrations and elevated tissue eosinophils, macrophages, and type 2 innate lymphoid cells. IL-33 also reduced body weight, fat mass, and fasting blood glucose levels. Strikingly, however, the IL-33-induced protection was greater in IL-13Rα2-deficient mice compared with wild-type littermates, and these changes were largely attenuated in mice lacking IL-13. Although IL-33 administration improved the metabolic profile in the context of a high fat diet, it also resulted in diarrhea and perianal irritation, which was enhanced in the IL-13Rα2-deficient mice. Weight loss in this group was associated with reduced food intake, which was likely related to the gastrointestinal effects. These findings outline both potentially advantageous and deleterious effects of a type 2-skewed immune response under conditions of metabolic stress, and identify IL-13Rα2 as a critical checkpoint in adipose tissues that limits the protective effects of the IL-33/IL-13 axis in obesity.
An update on carbonic anhydrase-related proteins VIII, X and XI (2013)

The catalytically inactive isoforms of carbonic anhydrase (CAs) are known as CA-related proteins (CARPs) VIII, X, and XI. They have highly conserved amino acid sequences. These proteins are predominantly expressed in human and mouse brain, however, their precise roles are poorly known. CARP VIII is functionally associated with motor coordination in human and mouse. CARP X is more highly expressed in the pineal gland during night compared to the day time, suggesting a function for wake/sleep patterns. Phylogeny shows that CARP XI has emerged from CARP X. It is only found in tetrapods and is highly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) of humans and is also associated with several cancers. Detailed analysis of CARPs is in progress in our laboratory to understand their role in normal physiology. We present a review of literature on CARPs and present some novel data on CARPs obtained in our laboratory.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Vapor Transport of Chromium and Manganese Monophosphide. Experimental Results and Thermochemical Calculations. (1989)

Abstract It is demonstrated that very large (up to 50 mm 3 volume) crystals of CrP and MnP can be grown by chemical vapor transport using I 2 as transport agent (1050 → 950 °C for CrP and 1000 → 1100 °C for MnP).
Whole-cell biochips for online water monitoring (2012)

Chip-integrated luminescent recombinant reporter bacteria were combined with fluidics and light detection systems to form a real-time water biomonitor. The biomonitor was exposed to a continuous water flow for up to ten days, in the course of which it was challenged with spikes of both model toxic compounds and toxic environmental samples. All simulated contamination events were reported within 0.5-2.5 h. Furthermore, the response pattern of the reporter bacteria was indicative of the nature of the contaminating chemicals. Efforts were aimed at improving signal quality and at the development of an alarm management software. Following further research, a device of the proposed design could be implemented in monitoring networks as an early warning system against water pollution by toxic chemicals.
Autoimmune Bullous Skin Disorders with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Targeting PD-1 and PD-L1 (2016)

Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) targeting immune checkpoint pathways such as cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death 1 (PD-1) may confer durable disease control in several malignancies. In some patients, immune checkpoint mAbs cause cutaneous immune-related adverse events. Although the most commonly reported cutaneous toxicities are mild, a subset may persist despite therapy and can lead to severe or life-threatening toxicity. Autoimmune blistering disorders are not commonly associated with immune checkpoint mAb therapy. We report a case series of patients who developed bullous pemphigoid (BP), an autoimmune process classically attributed to pathologic autoantibody formation and complement deposition. Three patients were identified. Two patients developed BP while receiving the anti-PD-1 mAb nivolumab, and one while receiving the anti-PD-L1 mAb durvalumab. The clinicopathologic features of each patient and rash, and corresponding radiologic findings at the development of the rash and after its treatment, are described. Patients receiving an anti-PD-1/PD-L1 mAb may develop immune-related BP. This may be related to both T-cell- and B-cell-mediated responses. Referral to a dermatologist for accurate diagnosis and management is recommended. Cancer Immunol Res; 4(5); 383-9. ©2016 AACR.
Linguistic knowledge sources for spoken language understanding (1991)

The objective of the Unisys Spoken Language Systems effort is to develop and demonstrate technology for the understanding of goal-directed spontaneous speech. The Unisys spoken language architecture couples speech recognition systems with the Unisys discourse understanding system, PUNDIT. PUNDIT is a broad-coverage language understanding system used in a variety of message understanding applications and has been extended to handle spoken input. Its power comes from the integration of syntax, semantics, and pragmatics processing, the ability to port rapidly to new task domains, and from an open, modular architecture. PUNDIT is unique in its ability to handle connected discourse; it includes a reference resolution module that tracks discourse entities and distinguishes references to previously mentioned entities from the introduction of new entities. The PUNDIT front-end supports turn-taking dialogue and permits the system to include both questions and answers in building an integrated discourse context, required for the handling of interactive communication. PUNDIT has been interfaced to several speech recognition systems (MIT SUMMIT and ITT VRS-1280) to perform applications in direction-finding assistance, air travel planning and air traffic control.
A Study on Comparison Experiments for Judgement to the Nondestructive Analysis of Gold Plated Silverware Remains (2011)

If the nondestructive analysis is carried out by using an X-ray Fluorescence Analyzer(XRF) for ingredient analysis with the target of gold plated silverware that plates gold on a silver basis, a singular point showing big difference at the value of weight percent(wt.%) according to the electron orbit of the principal ingredient can be confirmed. The present research made reproduced samples and carried out comparative analysis in order to suggest a basis that can judge whether the technique of gold plated silverware was used in case of remains uneasy to understand with eyes by using this singular point. As a result, the same result as analysis results of actual remains could be seen in specimens manufactured by a mercury amalgam plating method. However, in case of gold and silver alloy specimens, it could be confirmed that the difference according to the electron orbit of the principal ingredients is slight unlike plated specimens. The reason appearing at plated specimens seems to be generated while absorbing XRF beam at plated layers by double structure due to plating instead of single material. Accordingly, if this result appearing at nondestructive analysis is used, it was confirmed that the application of the technique of gold plated silverware can be judged without observing its section.
Contractions move contents by changing the configuration of the isolated cat stomach (1998)

To understand how contractions move gastric contents, we measured, in isolated cat stomachs, the effects of contractions on gastric length, diameters, pressures, and emptying. Movements of the stomach and of gastric contents were monitored by video camera and ultrasound and were related to mechanical events. Based on pressures, we defined the following four phases of contractions: 1) Po, a steady pressure associated with tonic contraction of proximal stomach; 2) P', a pressure wave during which the contraction indents the gastric body; 3) a pressure nadir while the contraction lifts the gastric sinus toward the incisura; and 4) a second pressure wave, P", as the contraction advances through the antrum. In open preparations, liquid output and shortening of the greater curvature are large during Po, stop during P', and resume with P". Contractions generate higher pressures when gastric volume is held steady. Contractions increase wall thickness and decrease gastric diameters at sites they involve and have opposite effects at remote sites. Contractions move the incisura and hence redraw the borders between gastric segments and shift volumes back and forth within the gastric lumen. Contractions furthermore stir up, compress, and disperse particulate beans without moving them to the pylorus. We conclude that gastric contractions 1) reverse changes in gastric length that occur during gastric filling, 2) move gastric contents directly through local contact and indirectly by changing the configuration of the stomach, and 3) interact with structures such as the incisura in retaining and breaking up solid gastric contents.
Geburtshilfe in Berlin: Die Entbindungsmöglichkeiten aus der Sicht der niedergelassenen Frauenärztinnen und Frauenärzte (2002)

Future developments in delivery units of hospitals should take into consideration that both safety and optimal care are expected.
Affinity Selection of DNA-Binding Proteins from Yeast Genomic DNA Libraries by Improved   Phage Display Vector (2002)

Phage display is a useful means of identifying and selecting proteins of interest that bind specific targets. In order to examine the potential of phage display for the genome-wide screening of DNA-binding proteins, we constructed yeast genomic libraries using lambda foo-based vectors devised in this work. After affinity selection using GAL4 UAS(G) as a probe, phages expressing GAL4 were enriched approximately 5 x 10(5)-fold from the library. Approximately 90% of polypeptides encoded in correct translation reading frames by the selected phages were known or putative polynucleotide-binding proteins. This result clearly indicates that the modified lambda phage display vector in combination with our enrichment technique has great potential for the enrichment of DNA-binding proteins in a sequence-specific manner.