gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Heat Transfer Characteristics On Blade Tip With Unsteady Wake (2016)

Present study investigates the effect of unsteady wakes on heat transfer in blade tip. Heat/mass transfer was measured in blade tip region depending on a variety of strouhal number by naphthalene sublimation technique. Naphthalene sublimation technique measures heat transfer using a heat/mass transfer analogy. Experiments are performed in linear cascade which is composed of five turbine blades and rotating rods. Strouhal number of inlet flow are changed ranging from 0 to 0.22. Reynolds number is 100,000 based on 11.4 m/s of outlet flow and axial chord length. Three different squealer tip geometries such as base squealer tip, vertical rib squealer tip, and camber line squealer tip are used to study how unsteady wakes affect heat transfer on a blade tip. Depending on squealer tip geometry, different flow patterns occur on a blade tip. Also, unsteady wakes cause reduced tip leakage flow and turbulent flow. As a result, as strouhal number increases, heat/mass transfer coefficients decrease due to the reduced leakage flow. As strouhal number increases, heat/ mass transfer coefficients on a blade tip increase in vertical rib squealer tip.
ChemInform Abstract: DIELS‐ALDER‐RK. VON POLYFLUOR‐CYCLOHEXADIENEN‐(1,3) 2. MITT. ADDITION VON NITRILEN AN PERFLUOR‐CYCLOHEXADIEN‐(1,3), EINE METHODE ZUR DARST. 2‐SUBSTITUIERTER TETRAFLUOR‐PYRIDINE (1970)

Abstract Das Dien (I) reagiert unter 1,4‐Addition bei hohen Temperaturen und unter Druck mit den Nitrilen (II) zu den Bicyclen (III), die sich unter Abspaltung von Tetrafluoräthylen (IV) zu den Pyridinen (V) zersetzen.
A Molecular Clock Regulates Angiopoietin-Like Protein 2 Expression (2013)

Various physiological and behavioral processes exhibit circadian rhythmicity. These rhythms are usually maintained by negative feedback loops of core clock genes, namely, CLOCK, BMAL, PER, and CRY. Recently, dysfunction in the circadian clock has been recognized as an important foundation for the pathophysiology of lifestyle-related diseases, such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, and some cancers. We have reported that angiopoietin-like protein 2 (ANGPTL2) contributes to the pathogenesis of these lifestyle-related diseases by inducing chronic inflammation. However, molecular mechanisms underlying regulation of ANGPTL2 expression are poorly understood. Here, we assess circadian rhythmicity of ANGPTL2 expression in various mouse tissues. We observed that ANGPTL2 rhythmicity was similar to that of the PER2 gene, which is regulated by the CLOCK/BMAL1 complex. Promoter activity of the human ANGPTL2 gene was significantly induced by CLOCK and BMAL1, an induction markedly attenuated by CRY co-expression. We also identified functional E-boxes in the ANGPTL2 promoter and observed occupancy of these sites by endogenous CLOCK in human osteosarcoma cells. Furthermore, Cry-deficient mice exhibited arrhythmic Angptl2 expression. Taken together, these data suggest that periodic expression of ANGPTL2 is regulated by a molecular clock.
Development of a Multi-Channel Transmit Extension for a Broadband RF-Electronics and its Evaluation on a 9.4 T Animal Scanner with 8 Transmit Channels (2008)

In the last years the concept of parallel RF transmission has gained considerable interest, especially in the domain of high field MRI. In essence two principal application domains have emerged from this concept: the field of static B1-inhomogeneity compensation, also known as B1-shimming [1,2,3], and the technique of accelerated spatially-selective excitation (SSE), also known as Parallel Excitation (PEX) or Transmit SENSE [4,5], for improving the performance of many useful applications of SSE such as inner-volume imaging or targeted spectroscopy. In the field of B1-shimming the demands on the RF system are moderate. The RF system must only be capable of generating the same RF pulse on different channels with individual, but time-constant amplitude scaling and phase offsets. This can be realized by RF splitters, amplitude modulators and phase shifters. In contrast, to perform PEX-experiments the RF system must be capable of generating different complex RF waveforms on multiple transmit channels with high accuracy. Recently, several experimental studies of PEX with 4 and 8 transmit channels have been performed [6,7,8] and it has been shown that for doing PEX with high spatial resolution and high acceleration factors, the RF system must be equipped with a sufficient number of transmit channels. Therefore, the aim of this work was to develop a multichannel transmit extension for a broadband RF electronics with the potential of driving large numbers of transmit channels and to implement this electronics concept on a 9.4 T animal scanner with 8 transmit and receive channels.
Baseband compensation techniques for bandpass nonlinearities [RF front-ends] (2003)

In this paper, we present and compare several methods of compensating the nonlinearity of the RF front-end of a wireless system. Two baseband compensation techniques, namely predistortion and postdistortion (equalization) of the baseband signal are discussed and the problems associated with each one is addressed. Furthermore, a combination of a predistorter and a nonlinear equalizer, and also predistortion of an oversampled baseband signal, are analyzed. It is shown that under realistic conditions, with a frequently saturated amplifier, and ISI channel, the latter two methods are able to compensate for the nonlinearity to a good extent, while the first two methods can only operate under certain assumptions for channel conditions and nonlinearity type.
Endovascular Therapy for Chronic Cerebrospinal Venous Insufficiency in Multiple Sclerosis (2011)

Recent reports have emerged suggesting that multiple sclerosis (MS) may be due to abnormal venous outflow from the central nervous system, termed chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI). These reports have generated strong interest and controversy over the prospect of a treatable cause of this chronic debilitating disease. This review aims to describe the proposed association between CCSVI and MS, summarize the current data, and discuss the role of endovascular therapy and the need for rigorous randomized clinical trials to evaluate this association and treatment.
Policy Recommendations for Optimizing the Infectious Diseases Physician-Scientist Workforce (2018)

The Infectious Diseases Society of America, HIV Medicine Association, and Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society are concerned by the continued decline in the number of infectious diseases trainees pursuing careers as physician-scientists and the attrition of junior and midcareer physician-scientists. The inability to replace the aging physician-scientist workforce will have a negative, long-lasting impact our biomedical research enterprise and its ability to drive the discovery of new treatments for important infectious diseases. We discuss policy recommendations for securing and optimizing the infectious diseases physician-scientist workforce in the areas of education, training, compensation, and mentorship, as well as ways to improve federal research funding, cross-sector collaboration, and workforce diversity.
Transcription-driven twin supercoiling of a DNA loop: A Brownian dynamics study - eScholarship (2004)

The torque generated by RNA polymerase as it tracks along double-stranded DNA can potentially induce long-range structural deformations integral to mechanisms of biological significance in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In this paper, we introduce a dynamic computer model for investigating this phenomenon. Duplex DNA is represented as a chain of hydrodynamic beads interacting through potentials of linearly elastic stretching, bending, and twisting, as well as excluded volume. The chain, linear when relaxed, is looped to form two open but topologically constrained subdomains. This permits the dynamic introduction of torsional stress via a centrally applied torque. We simulate by Brownian dynamics the 100 mus response of a 477-base pair B-DNA template to the localized torque generated by the prokaryotic transcription ensemble. Following a sharp rise at early times, the distributed twist assumes a nearly constant value in both subdomains, and a succession of supercoiling deformations occurs as superhelical stress is increasingly partitioned to writhe. The magnitude of writhe surpasses that of twist before also leveling off when the structure reaches mechanical equilibrium with the torsional load. Superhelicity is simultaneously right handed in one subdomain and left handed in the other, as predicted by the transcription-induced twin-supercoiled-domain model [L. F. Liu and J. C. Wang, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84, 7024 (1987)]. The properties of the chain at the onset of writhing agree well with predictions from theory, and the generated stress is ample for driving secondary structural transitions in physiological DNA. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics.
Ordering mechanism and dynamics of relaxor ferroelectrics (2000)

Abstract It is shown that the validity conditions of symmetry adapted random-bond-random-field model with rotation symmetry of local order parameter in the system of nanoscale polar domains in relaxors are fulfilled due to increasing of dispersion of soft TO-phonon. The latter is due to interaction of quasilocal modes of nanoscale domains with soft TO-phonons. As a result, long-wave contribution to domain-domain indirect interaction (DDII) and mean field effect are strongly increased. The quasi-rotation symmetry can be fulfilled due to intradomain disorder effects with high degree of quasi-degeneracy of orientation states of domain local order parameter. Local configuration instabilities of the first and of the second order for nanoscale domains are appeared due to softening of domain quasilocal modes essentially renormalized by dipole-dipole DDII. Compensation of extra-charge of nanoscale domains in relaxors due to ferroelectrically ordered charge transfer vibronic excitons in each cell with simultaneous domain polarization appearance is substantiated.
A Study of Microchannel Heat Exchanger Performance Associated with the Manufacturing Process (2016)

The increased demand for aluminum microchannel condensers in the HVAC&R industry imposes new challenges on the design and manufacturing processes. An aluminum microchannel heat exchanger typically contains three major components: headers, microchannel tubes and multi-louvered fins. The parts are assembled and joined together by a brazing process. To ensure high thermal performance of the brazed product, microchannel heat exchanger designers must carefully consider manufacturing issues related to the brazing process during the design stage. For example, in addition to proper sizing of the header manifolds, it is essential to determine the optimal insertion length of the microchannel tube into the header during the header/tube assembly process. An oversized header diameter not only reduces heat exchanger compactness, but also leads to increased refrigerant charge. It further increases header wall thickness requirements due to increased hoop stress. Too short of an insertion length of the microchannel tube increases the risk of overflow of liquid filler metal into the microchannels during brazing and blockage of the refrigerant passages. On the other hand, small diameter header tubes and long insertion lengths of microchannel tube may contribute to a significant increase of refrigerant side pressure drop. This paper provides both experimental and analytical studies on the influences of header geometry and microchannel tube insertion length on the heat exchanger performance, such as refrigerant side pressure drop. Samples with various header/tube assembly design parameters are prepared and brazed using controlled atmosphere brazing (CAB) technology. Brazed samples are tested in a pressure drop measurement facility. Theoretical modeling of the brazed microchannel heat exchanger is performed and compared with the experimental results. This study provides important guidance and insights with respect to the design of microchannel heat exchangers under consideration of manufacturing issues.
CAD for displays! (2008)

We take displays for granted in devices like our laptops, television, cell phones, and cars -to name a few places. The TFT LCD processes in use now are as mature as CMOS was 20 years ago, which is when we started seeing ASIC companies doing fabless chip design and investing heavily in CAD. Today, the display, as I believe I showed while working on the OLPC, is really just an ASIC!
Subtyping recursive types (1991)

Article Free Access Share on Subtyping recursive types Authors: Roberto M. Amadio LIENS, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris LIENS, Ecole Normale Supérieure, ParisView Profile , Luca Cardelli DEC, Systems Research Center DEC, Systems Research CenterView Profile Authors Info & Claims POPL '91: Proceedings of the 18th ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT symposium on Principles of programming languagesJanuary 1991 Pages 104–118https://doi.org/10.1145/99583.99600Published:03 January 1991Publication History 58citation352DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations58Total Downloads352Last 12 Months13Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Untraditional Approach to Complex Hierarchical Periodic Arrays with Trinary Stepwise Architectures of Micro-, Submicro-, and Nanosized Structures Based on Binary Colloidal Crystals and Their Fine Structure Enhanced Properties (2011)

A unique approach for fabricating complex hierarchical periodic arrays with trinary stepwise architectures of micro- and submicro- as well as nanosized structures by combining a novel double-layered binary colloidal crystal with pulsed laser deposition techniques is developed. The present strategy is universal and nanostructures with different materials can be easily prepared in the complex hierarchical periodic arrays. This approach offers the advantage of low costs compared to conventional lithographic techniques. These as-prepared unique structures cannot be directly fabricated by conventional lithography. These special hierarchically structured arrays demonstrate fine structure-enhanced performances, including superhydrophilicity without UV irradiation and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), which is highly valuable for designing micro/nanodevices, such as biosensors or microfluidic devices.
Rôle des inhibiteurs des histones désacétylases en thérapie antitumorale (2006)

La notion emergente d’epigenome renvoie aux mecanismes complexes qui participent a la regulation de la transcription en mettant en place des structures chromatiniennes locales. L’architecture chromatinienne joue en effet un role determinant dans l’accessibilite de differents complexes proteiques au promoteur d’un gene. L’acetylation des histones est l’un des mecanismes majeurs impliques dans l’activation transcriptionnelle, la desacetylation etant associee a la repression. Recemment, il a ete demontre que la rupture de l’equilibre entre les niveaux d’acetylation et de desacetylation de la chromatine joue un role crucial dans l’acquisition d’un phenotype tumoral. Ainsi, moduler le taux d’acetylation des histones permettrait une reprogrammation genetique, en faveur, entre autres, d’un programme anti-apoptotique de la cellule tumorale. Les inhibiteurs de l’histone desacetylase (HDAC) constituent une nouvelle vague tres prometteuse en therapie antitumorale. Ils permettent d’envisager une approche innovante en chimiotherapie.
Inhibition of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α–Induced RANTES Secretion by Alkaline Protease in A549 Cells (2005)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram-negative bacterium that is an opportunistic pathogen in patients with cystic fibrosis and in immunocompromised hosts. This bacterium produces a variety of proteolytic enzymes, including alkaline protease (AP), which has multiple biological effects. This study investigated the effects of AP on the A549 pulmonary epithelial cell line. Results demonstrate that AP inhibited tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-induced RANTES gene expression and secretion in a concentration-dependent manner. The TNF-alpha-induced RANTES gene expression and secretion was attenuated with a neutralizing monoclonal antibody directed against the TNF receptor type 1 (TNFR1). Conversely, a neutralizing monoclonal antibody directed against TNF receptor type II had no effect, suggesting that these events were regulated through the TNFR1 receptor. In addition, we observed that soluble TNF receptor type 1 (sTNFR1) levels were significantly increased in culture supernatants of AP-treated cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Finally, membrane-associated TNFR1 was decreased after AP exposures. In these studies, the enzymatically inactive form of AP had no effect on TNF-alpha-induced RANTES secretion, shedding of sTNFR1, or membrane-associated TNFR1. These results demonstrate that AP stimulates shedding of cell-surface TNFR1, resulting in an increase in sTNFR1. Consequently, these events decrease the cells' ability to stimulate RANTES gene expression and secretion through TNFR1.
Saccadic Impairments in Patients with the Norrbottnian Form of Gaucher’s Disease Type 3 (2017)

The mean age of 41 years of our GD3 cohort reflects the increased life expectancy of patients in the Norrbottnian area compared to other GD3 cohorts. Marked impairment of horizontal saccades was evident in all patients, whereas vertical saccades showed distinct impairment of downward velocity. Latency of reflexive saccades was associated with the severity of neurological symptoms. Increased latency and error rate in the antisaccade task were linked to cognitive impairment. The assessment of saccades provides markers for neurological and neuropsychological involvement in Norrbottnian GD3.
Complete Deficiency of Glycophorin A in Red Blood Cells From Mice With Targeted Inactivation of the Band 3 (AE1) Gene (1998)

Glycophorin A is the major transmembrane sialoglycoprotein of red blood cells. It has been shown to contribute to the expression of the MN and Wright blood group antigens, to act as a receptor for the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum and Sendai virus, and along with the anion transporter, band 3, may contribute to the mechanical properties of the red blood cell membrane. Several lines of evidence suggest a close interaction between glycophorin A and band 3 during their biosynthesis. Recently, we have generated mice where the band 3 expression was completely eliminated by selective inactivation of the AE1 anion exchanger gene, thus allowing us to study the effect of band 3 on the expression of red blood cell membrane proteins. In this report, we show that the band 3 -/- red blood cells contain protein 4.1, adducin, dematin, p55, and glycophorin C. In contrast, the band 3 -/- red blood cells are completely devoid of glycophorin A (GPA), as assessed by Western blot and immunocytochemistry techniques, whereas the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed the presence of GPA mRNA. Pulse-label and pulse-chase experiments show that GPA is not incorporated in the membrane and is rapidly degraded in the cytoplasm. Based on these findings and other published evidence, we propose that band 3 plays a chaperone-like role, which is necessary for the recruitment of GPA to the red blood cell plasma membrane.
Antioxidant, Physicochemical, and Cellular Secretion of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Properties of Oat Bran Protein Hydrolysates (2020)

The aim of this work was to determine the physicochemical and biological activities of hydrolyzed proteins from sonicated oat brans. In addition to the control bran sample, two types of pre-treatment procedures-namely, ultrasonic bath and probe-type sonication-were performed to extract proteins, followed by hydrolysis with various proteases. Physicochemical analyses showed that Flavourzyme-hydrolysates had greater amounts of aromatic amino acids, Papain-hydrolysates low surface charges (-0.78 to -1.32 mV) compared to the others (-3.67 to -9.17 mV), and Alcalase-hydrolysates a higher surface hydrophobicity. The hydrolysates had good radical scavenging activities but, as the ultrasonic pre-treatment of the brans showed, in certain cases there was a reduction in activities of up to 22% for ROO<sup>•</sup> and HO<sup>•</sup> and 15% for O<sub>2</sub><sup>•-</sup> radicals. In anti-diabetic tests, the maximum inhibition of α-amylase was 31.8%, while that of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 was 53.6%. In addition, the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 in NCI-H716 cells was enhanced by 11.5% in the presence of hydrolysates.
Studies on the application of synthetic resin to various papers. (1955)

Quite a good number of methods for the measurements of water repellency of papers have been known, still there are some margin for the further discussion, however.The present writer employed the rolling drop method which merely had been applied to textiles by H. A.Schuyten et al., as well as the common spray rating for the reference to the results.1) The types of silicone polymer used were oily as well as varnish.2) The oily type were of the benzene solutions containing 0.5%, 1% and 2%respectively.The water repellency were determined as to the temperature and time.3) As to the varnish type the repellency were measured according to the variations of the conceatration regardless of the heat treating.4) The test solutions having various surface tensions were prepared using Aerosol MA.The test papers were of special grade Japanese tissue type5) About 1 dyne/cm of the difference of surface tension of the test solutions were found to be suitable for the measurements.6) In comparison to the only five points of measurement by the spray rating, we were able to fix any number of desirable points of measurement by the rolling drop method.7) Heat treatment excessing 5 minutes at 150°C and 20 minutes at 120°C were recognized unnecessary.8) The limits of water repellency for the respective concentrations of the benzene solutions were 30.2 dyne/cm for 0.5%, 30.2 dyne/cm for 1% and 29.6 dyne/cm for 2%; and for the varnish type 0.5% concentration was found to be enough for the practical purposes.
Nonlinear modeling and multivariable control of photolithography (2002)

This paper describes a novel approach for the control of the entire photolithography track using a combination of two methods: genetic programming (GP) and nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC). Here, the GP-NMPC approach is used to derive a multivariable control system to ensure the adequate regulation of the printed line width or critical dimension (CD) measured by metrology at the tail of the track. The genetic program is an optimization method motivated by natural evolution, which generates a model that best predicts the effect of process inputs on outputs. When applied to a simulated photolithography track, it identifies which of the process inputs have the greatest effect on CD and suggests the best empirical nonlinear model relating the inputs to the CD, which is then used in the development of the NMPC. Simulation runs using the multivariable controller demonstrate its superiority over that of a conventional feedback approach involving single-loop control. Since the multivariable control uses all available degrees-of-freedom and is designed to account for manipulated variable constraints, it enables the track to cope with unmeasured step- and drift-type disturbances of significantly greater magnitude.