gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4183: Gold nanorods-assisted photothermal therapy inhibits metastasis by decreasing the mammary tumors bleeding in canine and felines (2018)

Abstract Metastasis enables cancer cells to migration, which is responsible for most cancer-related deaths. It usually begins with local invasion to the surrounding tissues, followed by intravasation into the lymph and blood microvasculature before the cancer cells finally colonize within the microenvironment of other locations in the patient's body. Recently, we discovered that gold nanorods assisted photothermal therapy (AuNRs-PPTT) inhibits cancer cell migration and prevent metastasis. AuNRs-PPTT is a therapy in which AuNRs are injected to a tumor before near-infrared light is transiently applied to the tumor producing localized heat. However, AuNRs-PPTT has great potential in replacing the current ineffective anti-metastasis treatments but most of the studies has been performed in vitro. The objectives of this study to understand the AuNRs-PPTT impacting blood and blood vessels in naturally occurring mammary glands tumor in cats and dogs. Our histopathology results showed AuNRs-PPTT caused infiltration of neoplastic cells into lymphatic vessels. Furthermore, we observed that AuNRs-PPTT significantly cause blood coagulation around the tumor, which could be incorporated in the surgery to decrease the bleeding and potentially avoiding the risk of metastasis caused by the surgery. This observation might explain why AuNRs-PPTT inhibited metastasis for mammary gland metastasis upon AuNRs-PPTT. After 24 months, the optimized doses of 2.5 nm of AuNRs irradiated by near-Infrared laser with 0.5 w/cm2 intensity for 2 minutes, have shown no any toxicity signs in liver and kidney functions. Citation Format: Moustafa Ragab Khalil Ali. Gold nanorods-assisted photothermal therapy inhibits metastasis by decreasing the mammary tumors bleeding in canine and felines [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4183.
The X-Ray Crystal Structure of Escherichia coli Succinic Semialdehyde Dehydrogenase; Structural Insights into NADP+/Enzyme Interactions (2010)

Our structural data suggest that a deletion of three amino acids in E. coli SSADH permits this enzyme to use NADP+, whereas in contrast the human enzyme utilises NAD+. Furthermore, the structure of E. coli SSADH gives additional insight into human mutations that result in disease.
Wavelength modulation detection of water vapor with a vertical cavity surface-emitting laser (1997)

A vertical cavity surface-emitting laser was studied for gas-sensing applications. Properties of the 962-nm laser that were measured include side-mode suppression, wavelength tuning with temperature and current, power versus injection current, and the amplitude noise spectrum. With wavelength modulation spectroscopy, a rms noise level of 2 x 10(-4) absorbance units was achieved. The large current tuning range (25 cm(-1)) and smaller amplitude modulation (11%/cm(-1)) of the vertical cavity laser compare favorably with Fabry-Perot and distributed feedback diode lasers for spectroscopic gas sensing, especially at atmospheric pressure.
Weight‐Based Dosing of Enoxaparin in Obese Patients with Non‐ST‐Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes: Results from the CRUSADE Initiative (2009)

Study Objective. To evaluate how enoxaparin is dosed in contemporary clinical practice as a function of patients' total body weight (TBW) and body mass index (BMI), and to determine any association between dose and major bleeding. Design. Retrospective cohort study. Data Source. The Can Rapid Risk Stratification of Unstable Angina Patients Suppress Adverse Outcomes with Early Implementation of the American College of Cardiology‐American Heart Association Guidelines (CRUSADE) national quality improvement initiative database. Patients. A total of 19,061 patients enrolled in the CRUSADE initiative between January 1, 2004, and March 31, 2006, who received enoxaparin for the initial treatment of non‐ST‐segment elevation acute coronary syndromes. Measurements and Main Results. Demographic and clinical data, enoxaparin doses, and frequency of major bleeding unrelated to coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery were compared among patient groups stratified by TBW (≤ 100, 101–120, 121–150, and > 150 kg). Adjusted odds ratios (OR) of major bleeding unrelated to CABG surgery were calculated with each dose increase of 0.25 mg/kg stratified by BMI (< 18.5, 18.5–24.9, 25.0–29.9, and ≥ 30 kg/m 2 ), as well as for patients receiving a reduced dose (< 0.95 mg/kg) compared with those receiving a recommended dose (0.95‐1.05 mg/kg), stratified by TBW. An inverse association was noted between enoxaparin dose and patient weight. Median initial doses were 1 mg/kg in those weighing 100 kg or less, 0.96 mg/kg in those 101–120 kg, 0.92 mg/kg in those 121–150 kg, and 0.65 mg/kg in those weighing more than 150 kg (p<0.0001 for ≤ 100 kg vs > 150 kg). Up to 80% of patients weighing more than 150 kg received an initial enoxaparin dose below the recommended dose. In contrast to patients with normal body weight, those weighing more than 150 kg who received a recommended dose of enoxaparin had a higher bleeding risk relative to those who received a lower dose (adjusted OR 2.42, 95% confidence interval 0.70‐8.37). Conclusion. Clinicians tend to use reduced weight‐based doses of enoxaparin in overweight and obese patients. Although data are limited, use of the recommended enoxaparin dose of 1 mg/kg is associated with a higher bleeding risk in those weighing more than 150 kg. Thus, further study of enoxaparin dosing in very obese patients with non‐ST‐segment elevation acute coronary syndromes is warranted.
Limitation of Complement Activation by Perfluorocarbon Emulsions:<i>Superiority of Lecithin-Emulsified Preparations</i> (1988)

A considerable body of evidence suggests that complement and granulocyte activation may be important in the occasional adverse reactions which occur on the administration of perfluorocarbon emulsions to patients. In an attempt to develop an emulsion which was less prone to activate complement than was the first product clinically tested, we devised an in-vitro protocol for the testing of an emulsion's ability to activate complement: emulsions were serially diluted, and were incubated with minimally-heparinized plasmas from each of several donors; the generation of C3a was assessed by commercial immunoassay. In such a system, F-Adamantane emulsions prepared with highly-purified lecithin as the emulsifier were consistently less complement-activating than comparable emulsions prepared with Pluronic F-68 as the emulsifier. Emulsification technique seemed unimportant, and HPLC fractionation of the Pluronics identified no innocuous subfraction. Application of these findings to an animal model is underway, to see if the superiority of lecithin-based emulsions is also evident in vivo.
Examining the structure of biomolecules with FTICR (1997)

To examine how biomolecules are altered due to exposure to chemicals, we have developed techniques based on Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometry as a means of probing the structure of modified biomolecules, such as DNA adducts. Both matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) and electrospray (ES) have been employed to generate ions from modified nucleosides, nucleotides, and oligonucleotides. The capabilities of FTICR for accurate mass measurement and ion manipulation capabilities, particularly collisional dissociation and ion-molecule reactions, have yielded detailed insight into the structure of these ions. In the case of modified oligonucleotides, this has permitted information on the nature of the adduct, site of substitution on the nucleic base, and position of the modified base in the oligonucleotide to be established. By altering matrix conditions in the MALDI process and delays in ion trapping, additional avenues of obtaining structural information may be obtained.
A Cumulative Subinterval Photon Counting Probability Method for Statistical Characterization of Light (1991)

No abstract received.
Ultrasonic Blood Flow Spectral Analysis Using Coherent Optics (1978)

It has been shown that ultrasonic Doppler signals can be obtained easily and transcutaneously from many blood vessels in both normal and atherosclerotic subjects. The Doppler spectrum changes with time, giving rise toa distnbution of frequencies whose envelope has a waveform that is characteristic of the vessel site and closely folows the events of the cardiac cycle. This makes it very useful in diagnosing lesions of the arterial system. The paper presents a coherent optical technique for displaying and analyzing a blood-flow-generated ultrasonic Doppler spectrum. The system is highly cost-effective and produces spectrograms on-line. Other advantages include a large, continuously variable bandwidth, an instantaneous display of velocity profile, and simultaneous display of temporal spectra. The system makes use of the Fourier transformation property of converging lens and its use of processing time signals. The spectrum obtained from the brachial artery of a normal subject compares favorably with the spectrograms obtained using electronic spectrum analyzers.
Salmon Aquaculture and Transmission of the Fish Tapeworm (2007)

DOAJ is a unique and extensive index of diverse open access journals from around the world, driven by a growing community, committed to ensuring quality content is freely available online for everyone.
Pressurized Shell Molds For Metal-Matrix Composites (1993)

Balanced-pressure molds used to make parts in complex shapes from fiber-reinforced metal-matrix composite materials. In single step, molding process makes parts in nearly final shapes; only minor finishing needed. Because molding pressure same on inside and outside, mold does not have to be especially strong and can be made of cheap, nonstructural material like glass or graphite. Fibers do not have to be cut to conform to molds. Method produces parts with high content of continuous fibers. Parts stiff but light in weight, and coefficients of thermal expansion adjusted. Parts resistant to mechanical and thermal fatigue superior to similar parts made by prior fabrication methods.
Spraying Characteristics of Nanostructured Zirconia Particles (1999)

Abstract In this paper, the processes as well as the first results regarding the economic efficiency and plasma fuel properties of nanostructured zirconium oxide powder particles are explained. The paper evaluates values for porosity, hardness, roughness, and crystallite size. In addition, both the morphology of the powder particles and the spatter are analyzed by SEM, and cross sections of the coatings are observed using optical microscopy. These results are compared to coatings made from a commercially available yttria stabilized zirconia powder. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Anopheles plumbeus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Europe: a mere nuisance mosquito or potential malaria vector? (2012)

The results show that a sample of field-caught An. plumbeus has a moderate to high receptivity towards P. falciparum. Considering the increased mobility of humans between Europe and malaria endemic countries and changes in environment and climate, these data strongly suggest that An. plumbeus could act as a vector for malaria and thus significantly contribute to increasing the malaria transmission risk in Central-Western Europe. In locations showing high vulnerability to the presence of gametocyte carriers, the risk of transmission of malaria by An. plumbeus should be considered.
Hytramycins V and I, Anti-<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> Hexapeptides from a <i>Streptomyces hygroscopicus</i> Strain (2013)

Thirty-five thousand actinomycete extracts were screened for anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) activity, followed by C18 cartridge fractionation of 37 prioritized extracts. Based on MICs against replicating and nonreplicating M. tb, and IC50 values against Vero cells to generate selectivity indices, seven fractions from seven different strains were selected for further examination. When cultured in G.S.S. media and extracted with ethyl acetate, the Streptomyces hygroscopicus strain ECUM 14046 yielded an extract with promising anti-M. tb activity and a well-defined chromatographic profile. Fractionation by preparative HPLC and subsequent structure elucidation of two active fractions using 1D- and 2D-NMR and MS methods revealed the presence of two cyclohexapeptides, hytramycins V and I, each containing three unusual piperazic acid moieties. The use of (1)H iterative full spin analysis (HiFSA) on both hytramycins confirmed that quantum mechanics-simulated spectra match the experimental data, and all J(H,H) and δH values are consistent with the proposed structures. The absolute configuration of each amino acid moiety was determined by Marfey's method. The MICs against replicating and, more importantly, nonreplicating M. tb fall into the range of some existing second-line anti-TB drugs, such as streptomycin and capreomycin, respectively. The activities were maintained against M. tb strains that represent the major global clades, as well as H37Rv-isogenic strains that are resistant to individual clinical anti-TB drugs.
Nucleinsäuremodifizierte Nanostrukturen als programmierbare Atomäquivalente: Entwicklung eines neuen “Systems der Elemente” (2013)

Ein Nanopartikel-Analogon zum Periodensystem der Elemente wird vorgeschlagen, in dem die Einträge nicht nach der Elektronenkonfiguration, sondern nach den charakteristischen Merkmalen der Nanoarchitekturen geordnet sind (Zusammensetzung, Größe, Form und Oberflächenfunktionalität). Mit diesem System als Orientierungshilfe wird das Design von Übergitterstrukturen mit nucleinsäurefunktionalisierten Nanopartikelbausteinen als programmierbare Atomäquivalente (PAEs) erörtert.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantiospecific Syntheses of 2S,3R,4R,5S‐Trihydroxypipecolic Acid, 2R,3R,4R,5S‐Trihydroxypipecolic Acid, 2S,4S,5S‐Dihydroxypipecolid Acid, and Bulgecinine from D‐Glucuronolactone. (1986)

Abstract Aus dem Glucurono‐lacton (Ia) wird über die ido‐Form (II) das Azid (IIIa) hergestellt und zu dem geschützten Amino‐Derivat (IIIb) hydriert und substituiert.
Development of a Raman Detector for Capillary Electrophoresis (2000)

Efficient detector optics incorporating a hyperhemispherical element have been developed to facilitate the coupling of capillary electrophoresis or microchromatography with Raman spectroscopy. The design has a high tolerance for alignment and focusing errors. A simple model has been developed to predict the behavior of the system as capillary diameter is varied. This approach was found to provide good qualitative agreement with experiment. Limits of detection in capillary electrophoresis experiments without preconcentration were found to be ∼ 5 mM for nitrate and perchlorate ions. Direct detection of several carbohydrates was also demonstrated; with the use of sample stacking, limits of detection were in the millimolar range. The analytes were distinguishable by their Raman spectra.
Synthesis and characterization of thermally-responsive hydroxypropyl methylcellulose gel beads (1997)

Thermally responsive gels of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) were produced in spherical form by a suspension crosslinking technique. The suspension crosslinking of HPMC with divinylsulfone was accomplished by dispersing aqueous polymer droplets, containing all of the reactants, in a continuous organic phase. The gel beads were characterized in terms of their swelling properties and particle size distribution. The swelling degrees at 25°C of different formulations of the gel beads ranged from 12 to 123 times their dry volume and shrank to 4 to 18 times dry volume at 75°C. The spherical beads were made in diameters ranging from 500 to 3000 μ. Bead size generally decreased with use of a larger impeller, suspending at high stirring speeds, or at a lower phase ratio. As bead size decreased, the size distribution also narrowed. When compared with bulk HPMC gels, the gel beads demonstrated the same swelling properties and crosslinked network formation. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 66: 1279–1290, 1997
Small-bowel diverticulosis: perceptions and reality. (1997)

The low incidence of complications associated with duodenal diverticula justifies a nonoperative approach. The higher complication rate associated with jejunoileal diverticula will be necessary to define that approach more exactly.
The PrP-like Protein Doppel Binds Copper (2003)

Doppel (Dpl) is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein expressed in the testis. It exhibits 26% sequence identity with the prion protein (PrP) but lacks the octarepeat region implicated as the major copper-binding domain. Contrary to expectations, Cu(II) induced a 26% reduction in the intrinsic fluorescence of Dpl(27-154) and a calculated K(d) for a single-site model of 0.16 +/- 0.08 microm. Other metals had minimal effects on fluorescence quenching. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry of a Dpl peptide revealed binding of copper (but not other metals) to the helical alphaB/B'-loop-alphaC subregion of Dpl. Fluorescence quenching and equilibrium dialysis analyses of this Dpl(101-145) peptide were compatible with a binding site of K(d) = 0.4 microm. Diethylpyrocarbonate footprinting (Qin, K., Yang, Y., Mastrangelo, P., and Westaway, D. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277, 1981-1990) of Dpl(27-154) defined one residue/molecule was protected by copper from diethylpyrocarbonate adduct formation, and reiteration of this analysis with Dpl(101-145) suggested that His(131) may contribute to Cu(II) binding. Taken together, our data indicate that the alpha-helical region of mouse Dpl possesses a selective copper-binding site with a submicromolar K(d) and perhaps one or more lower affinity sites. Although metallated forms of Dpl might exist in vivo, analyses of Tg(Dpl)10329 mice were inconsistent with reports that Dpl expression is associated with increased carbonylation and nitrosylation of brain proteins. Thus, rather than comprising an important source of free radical damage, copper binding may serve to modulate the activity, stability, or localization of the Dpl protein.
Haemophilia: strategies for carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis. (1993)

In 1977 WHO published in the Bulletin a Memorandum on Methods for the Detection of Haemophilia Carriers. This was produced following a WHO/WFH (World Federation of Haemophilia) Meeting of Investigators in Geneva in November 1976, and has served as a valuable reference article on the genetics of haemophilia. The analyses discussed were based on phenotypic assessment, which, at that time, was the only procedure available. The molecular biology revolution in genetics during the 1980s made enormous contributions to our understanding of the molecular basis of the haemophilias and now permits precise carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis. WHO and WFH held a joint meeting on this subject in February 1992 in Geneva. This article is the result of these discussions.
Design of an efficient DVB/MPEG transport stream remultiplexor (2002)

A multi-channel DVB/ASI Remultiplexor (Remux) is a device, which can combine several MPEG streams into a single stream. has the ability to detect changes in the input and adapt itself on a continuous basis. It can also compensate for some errors in the input. The algorithm of STD monitoring is fast. Finally, the structure is functionally modular, thus making the remultiplexing operation very efficient.
Platinum(II) Complexes with Constructive and Destructive Interaction of Diphosphane and Binaphthol Ligands (1998)

Eight molecules with different conformations are present in the unit cell of the Pt<sup>II</sup> complex 1, which contains a mismatched arrangement of the chiral ligands Chiraphos and Binol (i.e., (S,S)-Chiraphos prefers the δ conformation, whereas (R)-Binol tends to induce the λ conformation in the diphosphane). The observed flexibility of these bidentate ligands should not be disregarded in stereochemical models for explaining the selectivity in asymmetric catalysis.
1,3-Disubstituted Ferrocene-Containing Thermotropic Liquid Crystals: Synthesis, Mesomorphic Properties and the Crystal and Molecular Structure (1993)

Two families of 1,3-disubstituted ferrocene derivatives have been synthesized and their liquid-crystal behavior investigated. Compounds of series I, (η5-C5H5)Fe[(η5-C5H3)-1,3-(COOC6H4OOCC6H4OCnH2n+1)2] (n = 1–14, 16, 18), exhibited remarkable mesomorphic properties. Indeed, nematic and/or smectic C phases, associated with large anisotropic domains, were observed. Derivatives of series II, (η5-C5H5)Fe[(η5-C5H3)-1,3-(COOC6H4OCnH2n+1)2] (n = 1-9), were found to be non-mesogenic. The crystal and molecular structure of Ih (n = 8) was determined by means of X-ray analysis. The crystallographic data confirmed both a highly anisometric structure for Ih and a compact arrangement of the molecules in the crystal. The present results have shown that a critical length/depth ratio of ca. 5-7 must be passed for obtaining liquid-crystal properties.
Visualization of <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em> within Cardiac Microlesions and Subsequent Cardiac Remodeling (2015)

During bacteremia Streptococcus pneumoniae can translocate across the vascular endothelium into the myocardium and form discrete bacteria-filled microscopic lesions (microlesions) that are remarkable due to the absence of infiltrating immune cells. Due to their release of cardiotoxic products, S. pneumoniae within microlesions are thought to contribute to the heart failure that is frequently observed during fulminate invasive pneumococcal disease in adults. Herein is demonstrated a protocol for experimental mouse infection that leads to reproducible cardiac microlesion formation within 30 hr. Instruction is provided on microlesion identification in hematoxylin & eosin stained heart sections and the morphological distinctions between early and late microlesions are highlighted. Instruction is provided on a protocol for verification of S. pneumoniae within microlesions using antibodies against pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide and immunofluorescent microscopy. Last, a protocol for antibiotic intervention that rescues infected mice and for the detection and assessment of scar formation in the hearts of convalescent mice is provided. Together, these protocols will facilitate the investigation of the molecular mechanisms underlying pneumococcal cardiac invasion, cardiomyocyte death, cardiac remodeling as a result of exposure to S. pneumoniae, and the immune response to the pneumococci in the heart.
[Erythrocyte abnormalities and their possible role in cardiovascular complications of uremia]. (2017)

Cardiovascular (CV) disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Increased incidence of CV events in CKD is related to the presence, besides traditional CV risk factors, of non-traditional CV risk factors associated to renal insufficiency, like anemia. The role of red blood cells (RBC) in uremia has been taken into account almost exclusively in relation to their reduced number. However, RBC in the uremic milieu can acquire several abnormalities which may jeopardize their properties. In this review, we report the main qualitative abnormalities of RBC and their potential pathophysiological role in the increased CV risk of uremic patient.