gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Theoretical Overview Of Limitations Of Light Propagation In Infrared Optical Fibers (1985)

The intrinsic and extrinsic processes that limit light propagation at low powers in infrared optical fibers are described. A theoretical V-curve is constructed, and specific absorption coefficients and the vibrational absorption of various impurities are tabulated versus frequency. The limitation imposed by parametric and nonlinear processes at high powers is described. Values for the critical powers for these processes in typical infrared optical fibers are presented.
Detrimental Immediate- and Medium-Term Clinical Effects of Right Ventricular Pacing in Patients With Myocardial Fibrosis (2021)

Fibrosis detected on CMR is associated with immediate- and medium-term deterioration in LV function following RV pacing and could be used to identify those at risk of heart failure before pacemaker implantation.
Referral Patterns Between Allopathic Physicians and Complementary and Alternative Medicine Practitioners (2009)

Introduction and Objectives: The provision of basic healthcare in the United States may be viewed considering two different, and sometimes combined, therapeutic approaches: •Allopathic/osteopathic medicine •Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) Our study is interested in the intersection of allopathic medicine and CAM. Evidence suggests that Americans are seeking CAM at a similar or even a higher rate than allopathic medicine, yet there seems to be a division between practitioners of each discipline. Isthis division created by a lack of coordination, such as an inadequately established referral system, or by a general lack of knowledge, or by the attitudes of the practitioners? In our study our objectives were: ? To assess the referral patterns between allopathic and CAM practitioners in Chittenden County. ? To examine the various factors that may influence these referral patterns using confidential surveys.
Identification of different bacterial DNAs in human coronary arteries (2005)

Br-PCR is a powerful method to detect bacterial rDNA. By this method we were able to detect wide palette of oral bacteria from coronary tissues. Our findings suggest that atheromas may act as mechanical sieves collecting bacteria from the circulation.
Cloned human interferon-gamma, but not interferon-<i>beta</i> or -<i>alpha</i>, induces expression of HLA-DR determinants by fetal monocytes and myeloid leukemic cell lines. (1984)

The antigen presenting function of macrophages and other accessory cells requires the cell surface expression of class II major histocompatibility antigens, e.g., HLA-DR. It has been shown that gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma), a T cell product, can regulate macrophage HLA-DR expression. The effect of absolutely pure or cloned IFN-gamma upon fetal monocytes that do not strongly express DR has not been studied. We have utilized cloned IFN-gamma, IFN-beta, and IFN-alpha preparations to examine the differential effects of these molecules upon the expression of HLA class I (HLA-A,B) and class II determinants by fetal monocytes as well as by myeloid leukemic cell lines. We report that cloned human IFN-gamma induces the expression of HLA-DR and -A,B antigens on cells that normally express low quantities of these molecules, including human fetal monocytes and two (ML-1 and HL-60) but not a third (U-937) myeloid leukemic cell lines. These findings suggest that the acquisition of class II HLA molecules upon fetal tissues and perhaps antigen presenting function is dependent upon IFN-gamma. In contrast, IFN-beta and -alpha induced the expression of HLA-A,B but not HLA-DR antigens by these cells. Thus, these data indicate that the expression of HLA-DR molecules that is vital for monocyte/macrophage and T cell interaction is stimulated by the lymphokine IFN-gamma, and that the effects of IFN-gamma are distinctive from IFN-alpha or -beta.
High throughput DNA methylation analysis on a droplet-in-oil polymerase chain reaction array (2009)

We performed on-chip DNA methylation analysis using methylation-specific PCR (MSP) within a high throughput microfluidic droplet array. The device uses of the oil phase as a companion fluid for both sample actuation and compartmentalization. These technical advantages allow for infusion of minute amounts of sample for arrayed MSP analysis, without the added complexities inherent in microfluidic droplet-based studies. Ease of use of this micro device is exemplified by analysis of two tumor suppressor promoters, p15 and TMS1 using an on-chip methylation assay. These results were consistent with standard MSP protocols, yet the simplicity of the droplet-in-oil microfluidic PCR platform provides an easy and efficient tool for DNA methylation analysis in a large-scale arrayed manner.
Cryo-STEM EELS Mapping of Polymer Nanocolloids Preserved in Amorphous Ice (2006)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2006 in Chicago, Illinois, USA, July 30 – August 3, 2006
A New Synthesis of 2′,3′-Dideoxyinosine (1992)

Abstract The title compound is prepared in excellent yield in four steps starting from inosine(1).
Capillary HPLC−ICPMS and Tyrosine Iodination for the Absolute Quantification of Peptides Using Generic Standards (2009)

The validity of using tyrosine iodination chemistry for the absolute and generic quantification of peptides by capillary high-performance liquid chromatography (capHPLC) coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) is investigated in detail. In this approach, two iodine atoms are specifically bioconjugated to the meta positions of the aromatic ring of every tyrosine residue. Characterization studies by capHPLC with parallel ICPMS and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESIMS/MS) detection clearly showed that such labeling iodination reaction affords one to obtain most accurate peptide determinations (after translation of the picomoles of iodine, quantified by ICPMS in each chromatographic peak, into picomoles of the corresponding labeled peptide). It is demonstrated that only, but every, tyrosine residue present in the peptide is completely diiodinated. The excellent detection limits for iodine using ICPMS allowed robust and highly sensitive tyrosine-containing peptide quantification (480 pM, 480 amol absolute). Derivatization is easily accomplished in a water/acetonitrile solution in only 2 min. Moreover, since the signal in ICPMS is completely independent from the chemical species containing the detected element, any iodine-containing standard (e.g., iodobenzoic acid) could be used as internal standard for the absolute quantification of every iodine-labeled tyrosine-containing peptide separated and detected along the gradient. The approach was optimized for tyrosine labeling and then validated by application to the absolute quantification of the three standard peptides present in the only reference material for peptide quantity (NIST 8327) commercially available. Identification of the species quantified by ICPMS was carried out by parallel capHPLC-ESI quadrupole time-of-flight (Q/TOF) analysis and corresponded, as expected, to the diiodinated peptides. The collision-induced dissociation (CID) spectra obtained demonstrated unequivocally the specific and complete derivatization of the tyrosine residues. The obtained quantitative results closely matched the reference values reported by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). In terms of precision, the relative standard deviation was as low as 3% RSD. Finally the approach was tested for the absolute quantification of proteins using a model standard protein (beta-casein). Results agreed again with the value specified showing that this labeling reaction is compatible with tryptic digestion.
Induction of macrophage procoagulant activity by Bacteroides fragilis (1989)

Fibrin deposition in the peritoneal cavity during acute peritonitis appears to predispose the host to abscess formation by providing an environment for bacterial proliferation protected from host defenses. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether the potent abscess-inducing anaerobe Bacteroides fragilis could promote fibrin deposition by inducing mononuclear cells to express procoagulant activity (PCA). B. fragilis stimulated PCA in a dose-dependent fashion, achieving a maximum at 10(7) CFU/ml. Heat-killed B. fragilis induced comparable levels of PCA, while a nonspecific phagocytic stimulus, latex beads, was not stimulatory. B. fragilis was capable of inducing PCA even when phagocytosis was blocked by preexposure of cells to latex beads. The results suggested that phagocytosis was neither necessary nor sufficient for the generation of PCA. Cell separation studies showed that PCA was solely produced by macrophages and that lymphocytes did not augment its production. These studies suggest one potential mechanism by which B. fragilis might initiate abscess formation.
Pituitary Autoimmunity (2017)

Pituitary autoimmunity, considered a synonym of autoimmune hypophysitis, defines a wide spectrum of conditions (neoplastic, functional, and iatrogenic pituitary disorders; and extra-pituitary autoimmune and non-autoimmune diseases), and is characterized by the presence of antipituitary antibodies (APAs) at various titer and prevalence. These conditions have been increasingly recognized not only in adults, but also in children. The autoimmune pathogenesis, histological features of the primary (i.e. lymphocytic, granulomatous, xanthomatous, IgG-4 related lymphoplasmacytic, and necrotizing) forms, and the pathognomonic association of lymphocytic hypophysitis with pregnancy and CTLA-4 antibody therapy, have been clearly demonstrated. Meanwhile, non-invasive differential diagnosis remains extremely challenging since none of the suggested clinical, radiological or laboratory criteria are pathognomonic. In this context, the demonstration of APA is not sufficient, because of the lack of specificity, and associated methodological and theoretical issues (i.e. disease marker vs. pathogen; antigen target(s); and diagnostic/prognostic significance). This chapter aims at providing a comprehensive overview of the pituitary autoimmunity panorama for epidemiological, clinical radiological, and histological aspects, while discussing the main diagnostic limitations and issues associated with disease management.
Einstieg in eine steile Forscherkarriere - die Karlsruher Exzellenzakademie für Materialwissenschaft und Werkstoffkunde (2008)

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Evaluation of enantioselective nonaqueous ion-pair capillary electrophoresis as screening assay in the development of new ion exchange type chiral stationary phases (2001)

This study evaluates how enantioselectivity values for the separation of chiral N-derivatized amino acids achieved in non-aqueous ion-pair CE with cinchona alkaloid derived chiral counter-ions are related quantitatively to those obtained in enantioselective anion-exchange chromatography with the same selectors immobilized on silica supports. Three different setups of CE experiments, viz. a conventional total filling technique (TFT), a countercurrent technique (CCT), and a partial filling technique (PFT), were investigated and were tested in terms of the goodness of fit of correlations between apparent electrophoretic and chromatographic a values. Both selectands and selectors have been varied. Correlation coefficients higher than 0.95 are commonly obtained with all three CE techniques, yet even better fits are found for TFT-CE and CCT-CE. The common premise for the good correlations is the equal molecular recognition mechanism in ion-pair and ion-exchange modes, both involving ionic interactions as driving force for selectand-selector association, and the fact that separation selectivity in both techniques is primarily determined by the difference of the binding constants of (R) and (S) enantiomers with the chiral selector, i.e. the intrinsic or thermodynamic enantioselectivity. Factors related to the separation technique, which also influence apparent enantioselectivity and possibly contribute to a deterioration of the fit, are discussed. The good correlations prove that enantioselective ion-pair CE may be used as screening method in the development and optimization of ion-exchange type chiral stationary phases.
La cause est entendue (1947)

Tract signe par Arnaud, Battistini, Dumayet, Jaguer, Passeron, Dotremont, Lefrancq, etc., relatif a l'exposition surrealiste de 1947.Une image, une notice, un lien, une bibliotheque.
<title>DCT computation with minimal average number of operations</title> (1997)

The discrete cosine transform (DCT) is widely used in all transform-based image and video compression standards due to its well-known decorrelation and energy compaction properties for typical images. Many fast algorithms available for the DCT optimize various parameters such as additions and multiplications but they are input independent and thus require the same number of operations for any inputs. In this paper we study the benefits of input- dependent algorithms for the DCT which are aimed at minimizing the average computation time by taking advantage of the sparseness of the input data. Here, we concentrate on the inverse DCT (IDCT) part since typical input blocks will contain a substantial number of zeros. We show how to construct an IDCT algorithm based on the statistics of the input data, which are used to optimize the algorithm for the average case. We show how, for a given input and a correct model of the complexity of the various operations, we can achieve the fastest average performance.
Generalised Maxwell-Garnett equation: application to electrical and chemical transport (2006)

In this paper we discuss the implementation of different equilibrium concentrations in each of the phases into the Maxwell-Garnett effective medium formula for diffusion in heterogeneous media. We put the derivation given by Kalnin et al., J. Phys. Chem. Solids, 2002, 63, 449, on safer grounds and extend it to non-dilute carrier concentrations. The relation to Maxwell's mixing rule is also elaborated. It is shown that the formula can not only successfully be applied to conductivity problems but also to describe steady state chemical diffusion in heterogeneous media such as polycrystalline samples. The comparison with the brick layer model corroborates these points but also shows that-in the case of heterogeneous media-one has to be cautious in applying steady state results to transient kinetics.
Modulation of Symbiont Lipid A Signaling by Host Alkaline Phosphatases in the Squid-Vibrio Symbiosis (2012)

The potential for microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) to compromise host-tissue health is reflected in the often-used nomenclature for these molecules: lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is also called "endotoxin" and the peptidoglycan monomer is also called "tracheal cytotoxin" (TCT). With constant presentation of MAMPs by the normal microbiota, mechanisms to tolerate their effects have developed. The results of this contribution provide evidence that host alkaline phosphatases (APs) dephosphorylate and inactivate the symbiont MAMP lipid A. As such, APs work in synergy with a peptidoglycan recognition protein, which inactivates symbiont-exported TCT, to alter the symbiont MAMPs and promote persistence of the partnership. Not only may these activities serve to "tame" the MAMPs, but also the resulting products may themselves be important signals in persistent mutualisms. The finding of lipid A modification by APs in an invertebrate mutualism provides evidence that this specific strategy for dealing with symbiotic partners is conserved across the animal kingdom.
Elements of food engineering. Volume 1 (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVBook and Media Revie...Book and Media ReviewElements of food engineering. Volume 1John H. Nair and Edward Seltzer Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1953, 30, 6, 326Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1953Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 June 1953Published inissue 1 June 1953https://doi.org/10.1021/ed030p326.2RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views204Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Darstellung von 6α‐Fluor‐16α‐methyl‐11β.21‐dihydroxy‐1.4‐pregnadien‐3.20‐dion (Fluocortolon) über eine Substrat‐Struktur‐gelenkte spezifische 11β‐Hydroxylierung mit <i>Curvularia lunata</i> (1969)

Abstract Die bei der 11β‐Hydroxylierung von 6α‐Fluor‐21‐hydroxy‐16α‐methyl‐4‐pregnen‐3.20‐dion (9b) mit Curvularia lunata entstehenden Nebenprodukte 14 und 13 mit 9α‐ und 14α‐Hydroxy‐Funktion treten bei Einsatz der 5α‐Brom‐substituierten Vorstufe 5 durch sterische Abschirmung der α‐Seite nicht auf. Der weitere Synthesegang zu 6α‐Fluor‐11β.21‐dihydroxy‐16α‐methyl‐1.4‐pregnadien‐3.20‐dion (15 , Fluocortolon) wird beschrieben.
DELAYED HYPERSENSITIVITY (1957)

A general method for induction of the delayed hypersensitive state directed against single protein antigens is described. The method consists of intradermal injection of minute amounts of washed immune precipitates containing the antigen in question. Provided the specific precipitates are formed in the region of antibody excess, maximal sensitivity develops at least 2 to 3 weeks before detectable circulating antibody is formed in guinea pigs against the sensitizing antigen. Neither adjuvant nor killed acid-fast bacteria are required for induction of the delayed hypersensitive state although the degree of sensitization is considerably increased when the sensitizing material is incorporated in Freund's complete adjuvant. Characteristics of the "delayed" as opposed to the "immediate" hypersensitive states in the guinea pig are described and implications of the findings are discussed.
Cesium Carbonate (2001)

[534-17-8] CCs2O3 (MW 325.82) InChI = 1S/CH2O3.2Cs/c2-1(3)4;;/h(H2,2,3,4);;/q;2*+1/p-2 InChIKey = FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L (used in the synthesis of crown ethers and macrocycles;1 catalyzes the Horner–Emmons cyclization;2 used as base for alkylations3) Physical Data: mp 610 °C (dec). Solubility: sol water, alcohol, ether. Form Supplied in: white powder; widely available. Purification: crystallized from ethanol (10 mL g−1) by slow evaporation. Handling, Storage, and Precautions: irritant; handle with gloves; hygroscopic; keep away from moisture; flush eyes or skin with copious amounts of water in case of contact; possible mutagen; avoid inhalation.
Potential Anticancer Agents.<sup>1</sup> XVII. Alkylating Agents to Phenylalanine Mustard. I. (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPotential Anticancer Agents.1 XVII. Alkylating Agents to Phenylalanine Mustard. I.Helen F. Gram, Carol W. Mosher, and B. R. BakerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1959, 81, 12, 3103–3108Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01521a048https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01521a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views204Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
2'-Nitrobenzhydryl polystyrene resin: a new photosensitive polymeric support for peptide synthesis (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT2'-Nitrobenzhydryl polystyrene resin: a new photosensitive polymeric support for peptide synthesisA. Ajayaghosh and V. N. Rajasekharan PillaiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 26, 5714–5717Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00235a012https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00235a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views327Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Formulation of short-wavelength bistatically scattered fields in terms of monostatic returns (1994)

The relation between short-wavelength bi- and monostatically scattered fields of smooth scatterers, e.g., the sphere, is governed by the bistatic theorem. This relation is extended here to scatterers with marked edges, viz. finite cylinders and rectangular baffles. The formulation of the bistatic field in terms of the monostatic return does however depend on two parameters not relevant to the classical bistatic theorem: The product of the wave number times the characteristic dimension, and the bistatic angle between the incident and scattered wave.