gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Single Point Mutation Switches the Specificity of Group III Src Homology (SH) 2 Domains to That of Group I SH2 Domains (1995)

Src homology 2 (SH2) domains recognize phosphotyrosine-containing sequences, and thereby mediate the association of specific signaling proteins in response to tyrosine phosphorylation (Pawson, T., and Schlessinger, J. (1993) Curr. Biol. 3, 434-442). We have shown that specific binding of SH2 domains to tyrosine-phosphorylated sites is determined by sequences adjacent to the phosphotyrosine. Based on the phosphopeptide specificity and crystal structures, SH2 domains were classified into four different groups (Songyang, Z., Shoelson, S. E., Chaudhuri, M., Gish, G., Pawson, T., Haser, W. G., King, F., Roberts, T., Ratnofsky, S., Lechleider, R. J., Neel, B. G., R. B. B., Fajardo, J. E., Chou, M. M., Hanafusa, H., Schaffhausen, B., and Cantley, L. C. (1993) Cell 72, 767-778). The beta D5 residues of SH2 domains were predicted to be critical in distinguishing these groups (Songyang, Z., Shoelson, S. E., Chaudhuri, M., Gish, G., Pawson, T., Haser, W. G., King, F., Roberts, T., Ratnofsky, S., Lechleider, R. J., Neel, B. G., R. B. B., Fajardo, J. E., Chou, M. M., Hanafusa, H., Schaffhausen, B., and Cantley, L. C. (1993) Cell 72, 767-778; Eck, M. J., Shoelson, S. E., and Harrison, S. C. (1993) Nature 362, 87-91). We report here that replacing the aliphatic residues at the beta D5 positions of two Group III SH2 domains (phosphoinositide 3-kinase N-terminal SH2 domain and phospholipase C-gamma C-terminal SH2 domain) with Tyr (as found in Group I SH2 domains) results in a switch in phosphopeptide selectivity, consistent with the specificities of Group I SH2 domains. These results establish the importance of the beta D5 residue in determining specificities of SH2 domains.
Energy balance during twin screw extrusion cooking of maize starch (1987)

published or not.The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire
Searching for activations that generalize over tasks (1997)

Nine previous positron emission tomography (PET) studies of human visual information processing were reanalyzed to determine the consistency of blood flow changes during a wide variety of active tasks relative to passive viewing of the same stimulus array. Consistent modulations were found in the early visual cortex, probably including area 17, and these modulations could reflect selective mechanisms. Blood flow decreases were found in some auditory and somatosensory areas, but did not appear to reflect a broad suppression of subcortical input. Outside the sensory cortex, consistent increases across experiments were found in the thalamus and cerebellum, but not in the cerebral cortex. Many cortical areas, however, did show consistent decreases. Hum. Brain Mapping 5:317–322, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Goal-directed encoding of task knowledge for robotic skill acquisition (2002)

An intelligent control technique has been developed that integrates knowledge-based systems and artificial neural networks in order to emulate behavioral aspects of human skill acquisition. With strategies for learning and the capability to learn, the Robotic Skill Acquisition Architecture (RSA/sup 2/) utilizes transitions between declarative and reflexive forms of processing to enable system adaptation and optimization. The robot learns through experience how to perfect tasks initially specified in a high-level task language. Knowledge-based systems encode neural network learning strategies, and skill acquisition is associated with the shift from a predominantly feedback-oriented, rule-based representation of control to a predominantly feedforward, network-based form. How rule-based goal-directed task descriptions are used to obtain initial 'rough-cut' system performance is described. The expressive and flexible nature of RSA/sup 2/ goals is demonstrated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Hg incorporation in CdTe during the growth of HgTe-CdTe superlattices by molecular beam epitaxy (1987)

HgTe-CdTe superlattices and other microstructures such as single and double barrier tunneling structures are commonly grown by molecular beam epitaxy with the mercury flux continuously on the sample during the growth. This means that some mercury will be incorporated in the CdTe layers. We present here, for the first time, a measurement of the amount of mercury incorporated in thin layers of CdTe. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to measure the amount of mercury. The amount of mercury was found to be between 3 and 9% for CdTe (111)B, depending on the growth conditions. The amount of mercury was found to increase with mercury flux and to decrease as the substrate temperature was increased. Under the same conditions, it was found that much more mercury was incorporated in the (100) orientation. The type of substrate (CdTe or GaAs) was not found to influence the results. These results indicate that the amount of mercury in the CdTe layers of HgTe-CdTe superlattices is not quite as low as expected from measurements of thick CdTe layers, but it can be low enough that it does not influence significantly the results on the superlattice system in the (111) orientation.
DOCMA: A Decentralized Orchestrator for Containerized Microservice Applications (2019)

The advent of the Internet-of-Things and its associated applications are key business and technological drivers in industry. These pose challenges that modify the playing field for Internet and cloud service providers who must enable this new context. Applications and services must now be deployed not only to clusters in data centers but also across data centers and all the way to the edge. Thus, a more dynamic and scalable approach toward the deployment of applications in the edge computing paradigm is necessary. We propose DOCMA, a fully distributed and decentralized orchestrator for containerized microservice applications built on peer-to-peer principles to enable vast scalability and resiliency. Secure ownership and control of each application are provided that do not require any designated orchestration nodes in the system as it is automatic and self-healing. Experimental results of DOCMA's performance are presented to highlight its ability to scale.
Novel hollow mesoporous 1D TiO2 nanofibers as photovoltaic and photocatalytic materials (2012)

Hollow mesoporous one dimensional (1D) TiO(2) nanofibers are successfully prepared by co-axial electrospinning of a titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) solution with two immiscible polymers; polyethylene oxide (PEO) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) using a core-shell spinneret, followed by annealing at 450 °C. The annealed mesoporous TiO(2) nanofibers are found to having a hollow structure with an average diameter of 130 nm. Measurements using the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method reveal that hollow mesoporous TiO(2) nanofibers possess a high surface area of 118 m(2) g(-1) with two types of mesopores; 3.2 nm and 5.4 nm that resulted from gaseous removal of PEO and PVP respectively during annealing. With hollow mesoporous TiO(2) nanofibers as the photoelectrode in dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC), the solar-to-current conversion efficiency (η) and short circuit current (J(sc)) are measured as 5.6% and 10.38 mA cm(-2) respectively, which are higher than those of DSSC made using regular TiO(2) nanofibers under identical conditions (η = 4.2%, J(sc) = 8.99 mA cm(-2)). The improvement in the conversion efficiency is mainly attributed to the higher surface area and mesoporous TiO(2) nanostructure. It facilitates the adsorption of more dye molecules and also promotes the incident photon to electron conversion. Hollow mesoporous TiO(2) nanofibers with close packing of grains and crystals intergrown with each other demonstrate faster electron diffusion, and longer electron recombination time than regular TiO(2) nanofibers as well as P25 nanoparticles. The surface effect of hollow mesoporous TiO(2) nanofibers as a photocatalyst for the degradation of rhodamine dye was also investigated. The kinetic study shows that the hollow mesoporous surface of the TiO(2) nanofibers influenced its interactions with the dye, and resulted in an increased catalytic activity over P25 TiO(2) nanocatalysts.
Methodological aspects of the 6-day subrenal capsule assay for measuring the response of human tumors to anticancer agents. (1985)

Methodological aspects of testing chemosensitivity by the 6-day subrenal capsule (SRC) assay in immunocompetent mice were investigated. Human tumor xenografts, serially transplanted in athymic nude mice, were used as source of material. All drugs were given by the intravenous route. Administration of the drugs on days 1 and 2 gave the same results as when they were given daily for 5 days in equitoxic total doses, and a clear dose-response relationship was demonstrated. High reproducibility was found with different anti-cancer agents when 15 different tumors (4 melanomas, 7 soft tissue sarcomas, 2 colon carcinomas, and 2 lung carcinomas) were tested repeatedly over a period of several years. The tumors examined showed individual chemosensitivity profiles. The same ranking of drugs was found when the results in the SRC assay were compared with those obtained in the sc nude mouse model, using the same tumors (a colon carcinoma and a leiomyosarcoma), supporting the validity of the SRC assay. Altogether, the results strongly support the view that the 6-day SRC assay in immunocompetent mice is a useful method for assessing the response of human tumors to anticancer agents.
In vitro characterization of mutant yeast RNA polymerase II with reduced binding for elongation factor TFIIS. (1996)

We have reported previously the isolation and genetic characterization of mutations in the gene encoding the largest subunit of yeast RNA polymerase II (RNAPII), which lead to 6-azauracil (6AU)-sensitive growth. It was suggested that these mutations affect the functional interaction between RNAPII and transcription-elongation factor TFIIS because the 6AU-sensitive phenotype of the mutant strains was similar to that of a strain defective in the production of TFIIS and can be suppressed by increasing the dosage of the yeast TFIIS-encoding gene, PPR2, RNAPIIs were purified and characterized from two independent 6AU-sensitive yeast mutants and from wild-type (wt) cells. In vitro, in the absence of TFIIS, the purified wt polymerase and the two mutant polymerases showed similar specific activity in polymerization, readthrough at intrinsic transcriptional arrest sites and nascent RNA cleavage. In contrast to the wt polymerase, both mutant polymerases were not stimulated by the addition of a 3-fold molar excess of TFIIS in assays of promoter-independent transcription, readthrough or cleavage. However, stimulation of the ability of the mutant RNAPIIs to cleave nascent RNA and to read through intrinsic arrest sites was observed at TFIIS:RNAPII molar ratios greater than 600:1. Consistent with these findings, the binding affinity of the mutant polymerases for TFIIS was found to be reduced by more than 50-fold compared with that of the wt enzyme. These studies demonstrate that TFIIS has an important role in the regulation of transcription by yeast RNAPII and identify a possible binding site for TFIIS on RNAPII.
Haptic editing of decoration and material properties (2003)

We explore haptic editing as a powerful way to enhance haptic realism. Building upon the framework of a previous implicit-based haptic technique, our haptic decoration technique allows the user to first paint directly on 3D models, and then to sense the thickness variation due to the added paint. Meanwhile, material editing permits the user to edit and feel local material properties such as friction and stiffness in a natural way. In addition, we extended the initial haptic model to support some novel features including a magnetic surface attraction that forces the tool tip to stick to the surface of complex models.
SCATTERING OF PLANE GUIDED WAVES OBLIQUELY INCIDENT ON STRAIGHT FEATURES (2011)

A semi‐analytical finite element model is developed to study the scattering of plane guided waves obliquely incident on a straight geometric feature. The model is first used to investigate the reflection of the S0 mode from a free edge and the results are compared to those of bulk waves reflecting from a free boundary. The model is then used to predict the transmission of the S0 mode past an adhesively‐bonded stiffener. The results obtained are in excellent agreement with experimental measurements.
Stray Light Calibration of Orbiting Sensors using Solar or Lunar Observations (2014)

This paper presents a method of calibrating the stray light component of signal for imaging sensors by scanning the sun or moon. The advance of FPA detectors has enabled a variety novel small sensors for inferring atmospheric parameters. However, reflections off detector arrays can create a large component of stray light that must be removed from the total signal. Limb observations are particularly susceptible to stray light error. This paper presents a method of accurate numerical removal of stray light signal as a "function" of the measurement. We show that the "function" can be inferred from lunar or solar scans.
Pteridines. XXVII. New synthetic route to pteridines and 7-azapteridines (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPteridines. XXVII. New synthetic route to pteridines and 7-azapteridinesEdward C. Taylor, Stephen F. Martin, Y. Maki, and G. P. BeardsleyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1973, 38, 12, 2238–2240Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00952a028https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00952a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views105Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fault detection and diagnosis in manufacturing systems: a behavioral model approach (2002)

An approach to online fault detection and diagnosis in automated manufacturing systems with discrete controls and sensing is described. The approach is based on the concept of behavioural models of the individual system components. These models, which can be developed while the system is being designed, characterize the responses of the devices in the system to arbitrary input signals over the range of acceptable operating conditions. The expected flow of signals through the system, from control inputs to sensor outputs, is captured in the behavioural model dynamics. This model provides the basis for online fault detection by generating expected system response signals which are compared online, in real-time, to the actual sensor signals from the system. Fault diagnosis is accomplished by maintaining a current set of operational assumptions which identify the system components which could cause deviations from the expected behavior.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Dynamics of cholera epidemics from Benin to Mauritania (2018)

This study provides the first cohesive vision of the dynamics of cholera epidemics in a major portion of West Africa. This epidemiological overview shows that from 2009 to 2015, at least 54% of reported cases concerned populations living in the three urban areas of Accra, Freetown, and Conakry. These findings may serve as a guide to better target cholera prevention and control efforts in the identified cholera hotspots in West Africa.
Biomarkers to Predict Response to Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors (2005)

Epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs) are amplified and overexpressed in many different human cancers, a phenomenon generally associated with poor prognosis. Inhibitors of the tyrosine kinase activity associated with this receptor have been approved for the treatment of chemotherapy-refractory nonsmall cell lung cancer, and are in clinical trials for additional tumor types. While these inhibitors, gefitinib and erlotinib, display limited response rates when assessed in cohorts that include all patients, there are subgroups, defined by patient and tumor characteristics, that preferentially respond to these agents. We recently performed an analysis of tumors obtained from a Phase I trial of erlotinib in patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common malignant brain tumor in adults. We showed that patients whose tumors exhibited overexpression and amplification of EGFR responded better than patients who had normal levels of this gene and protein. We also demonstrated that the phosphorylation state of PKB/Akt was an important determinant for response, with low phospho-PKB/Akt levels predicting good response to erlotinib. We discuss these findings in the context of recent molecular analyses of the placebo-controlled Phase III trials that led to approval of EGFR inhibitors. These data underscore the importance of placebo-controlled trials to distinguish between prognostic indicators of disease progression more generally and predictive markers of response to therapy. Ultimately the goal of these studies is to allow selection of patients who will preferentially respond to EGFR inhibitors.
Design Space Exploration of DSP Applications Based on Behavioral Description Models (2006)

Exploring different communication architectures and timing behaviors is a key step in modern system design flows. This paper describes a behavioral description model (BDM) that allows design space exploration of DSP applications at different abstraction levels. The proposed approach consists in embedding a sequential function into a BDM object that includes a set of I/O and control processes. Communication architectures and timing behaviors (I/O scheduling, I/O parallelism...) can be varied and easily explored by adding I/O and control code into the dedicated concurrent processes while keeping the functionality description unchanged throughout the refinement steps. Although the proposed approach leads to slower simulations when compared to a rewrite of the specification for the desired I/O scheme, it allows much faster exploration because models do not have to be rewritten for every I/O scheme to be explored
Economic modelling of hydrogen separation in coal gasification (2008)

This work details the findings from sizing and costing of a 250MW hydrogen plant capable of purifying hydrogen from a coal gasifier using high temperature silica membranes. The plant was designed around 40 mol% hydrogen feed (balance CO2) at 3MPa, operating at up to 500°C. Flow was split into 10 parallel membrane trains with membranes staged in each train in series or parallel arrangements. Each stage was a fixed module of 100m2. Membrane system modelling revealed that at least 4 stages is needed to ensure plant feed flow is kept to a minimum (large feed flows put demand on gasifier size). The series train achieved lower feed flows and better total recovery of H2 as compared to the parallel train. The parallel train did however achieve better outlet concentration of H2 (i.e. 77 mol% vs. 64 mol% for 4 stage systems), but this improvement appeared outweighed by the lower feed flow required (27% lower) and better permeate H2 recovery. The capital cost of constructing a 4-stage train (40 stages total) system was estimated at over AUD$20M, being mostly made up of membrane cost (38%) and the membrane vessel (36%). The operating cost was estimated at AUD$4M per year, mostly made up of membrane replacement cost (68%).
Newly discovered human herpesviruses (HHV-6 and HHV-7) (1994)

Human herpesvirus (HHV)-6 and HHV-7 are lymphotropic β-herpesviruses which infect almost all individuals during infancy and persist lifelong. Two genetically distinct variants of HHV-6, HHV-6A and HHV-6B, have been described and the latter has been shown to be a common cause of febrile childhood illness, including reseola (Exanthem subitum). The pathogenesis of infection by HHV-6 and HHV-7 remains uncertain, but is an area of active research interest. This review describes the current status fo research on HHV-6 and HHV-7 and draws attention to the unique biologic and molecular biologic properties which distinguish these agents from other herpesviruses.
Regenerative erbium-doped fibre ring laser-amplifier (1999)

A uni-directional regenerative erbium-doped fibre ring laser-amplifier is investigated in an amplifier system operated below oscillation threshold. Regenerative gain as high as 23.9 dB was achieved for zero detuning at a pump power of 14.8 mW and input signal level of –34.9 dBm. An improvement in the noise performance was observed due to the suppression of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) powers around the zero detuning region. Experimental results showed a good agreement with those predicted theoretically.
A 1.5 GFLOPS Reciprocal Unit for Computer Graphics (2006)

The reciprocal operation 1/d is a frequent operation performed in graphics processors (GPUs). In this work, we present the design of a radix-16 reciprocal unit based on the algorithm combining the traditional digit-by-digit algorithm and the approximation of the reciprocal by one Newton-Raphson iteration. We design a fully pipelined single-precision unit to be used in GPUs. The results of the implementation show that the proposed unit can sustain a higher throughput than that of a unit implementing the normal Newton-Raphson approximation, and its area is smaller.
Disjoint Non-Free Subgoups of Abelian Groups (2005)

Let G be an abelian group and let lambda be the smallest rank of any group whose direct sum with a free group is isomorphic to G. If lambda is uncountable, then G has lambda pairwise disjoint, non-free subgroups. There is an example where lambda is countably infinite and G does not have even two disjoint, non-free subgroups.
Potential Role of Dissimilatory Iron Reduction in the Early Evolution of Microbial Respiration (2006)

Dr. Derek R. Lovley is a Professor at the Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst MA. He was honored as a Distinguished University Professor at his Department. Dr. Lovley obtained his Ph.D. (1982) at the Michigan State University in Microbiology. Among his awards are: the Division K Lecturer for the American Society for Microbiology, Fellow, American Academy of Microbiology, Grant Winner, Popular Science, U.S. Geological Survey Mendenhall Lecturer (highest scientific honor of USGS).