gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i>S</i> -adenosylhomocysteine treatment of adult female fibroblasts alters X-chromosome inactivation and improves <i>in vitro</i> embryo development after somatic cell nuclear transfer (2008)

The poor outcome of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is thought to be a consequence of incomplete reprogramming of the donor cell. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of treatment with S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) a DNA demethylation agent, on DNA methylation levels and X-chromosome inactivation status of bovine female fibroblast donor cells and the subsequent impact on developmental potential after SCNT. Compared with non-treated controls, the cells treated with SAH revealed (i) significantly (P<0.05) reduced global DNA methylation, (ii) significantly (approximately 1.5-fold) increased telomerase activity, (iii) diminished distribution signals of methylated histones H3-3mK9 and H3-3mK27 on the presumptive inactive X-chromosome (Xi), (iv) alteration in the replication pattern of the Xi, and (v) elevation of transcript levels for X-chromosome linked genes, ANT3, MECP2, XIAP, XIST, and HPRT. SCNT embryos produced with SAH-treated donor cells compared with those derived from untreated donor cells revealed (i) similar cleavage frequencies, (ii) significant elevation in the frequencies of development of cleaved embryos to hatched blastocyst stage, and (iii) 1.5-fold increase in telomerase activity. We concluded that SAH induces global DNA demethylation that partially reactivates the Xi, and that a hypomethylated genome may facilitate the nuclear reprogramming process.
Operational Concept for Collaborative Traffic Flow Management based on Field Observations (2005)

*† ‡ § ** Based on field observations conducted at a wide range of airline operational control (AOC) facilities and the Traffic Management Unit (TMU) of several Air Route Traffic Control Centers , a human-centered, bottom-up approach was followed to develop a future concept of operation for local/tactical en route collaborative traffic flow management (TFM). Many operational issues were recorded for different types of flow constraints and the interaction between the TMU and AOC in dealing with these situations was observed. Several key traffic flow management issues were identified that caused inefficiencies in current operations (in terms of performance metrics such as delay, workload, equity, and user preferences), despite the best efforts of dispatchers and flow managers. The operational concept provides a framework for enhancing collaboration between TMUs and AOCs to mitigate these flow management issues. One key observation was that, due to high TMU workload, the interaction between the TMU and AOC is limited in current tactical TFM operations to addressing user concerns in extreme circumstances such as emergency and low fuel load. The concept of operation suggests extending the scope of TMU-AOC collaboration to start in the early stages of tactical TFM planning and continue through implementation.
Controlling the drug release of indomethacin glass solutions, prepared by fluid bed coating (2015)

status: Published
Histamine Antagonists. I. Alkamine Ethers (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHistamine Antagonists. I. Alkamine EthersJohn B. Wright, H. G. Kolloff, and James H. HunterCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1948, 70, 9, 3098–3100Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1948https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01189a078https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01189a078research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views116Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<i>k</i>‐space undersampling in PROPELLER imaging (2005)

PROPELLER MRI (periodically rotated overlapping parallel lines with enhanced reconstruction) provides images with significantly fewer B(0)-related artifacts than echo-planar imaging (EPI), as well as reduced sensitivity to motion compared to conventional multiple-shot fast spin-echo (FSE). However, the minimum imaging time in PROPELLER is markedly longer than in EPI and 50% longer than in conventional multiple-shot FSE. Often in MRI, imaging time is reduced by undersampling k-space. In the present study, the effects of undersampling on PROPELLER images were evaluated using simulated and in vivo data sets. Undersampling using PROPELLER patterns with reduced number of samples per line, number of lines per blade, or number of blades per acquisition, while maintaining the same k-space field of view (FOV(k)) and uniform sampling at the edges of FOV(k), reduced imaging time but led to severe image artifacts. In contrast, undersampling by means of removing whole blades from a PROPELLER sampling pattern that sufficiently samples k-space produced only minimal image artifacts, mainly manifested as blurring in directions parallel to the blades removed, even when reducing imaging time by as much as 50%. Finally, undersampling using asymmetric blades and taking advantage of Hermitian symmetries to fill-in the missing data significantly reduced imaging time without causing image artifacts.
Role of Dose Exposure and Inflammatory Status in a Single Center, Real-World Analysis of Sunitinib in Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (2016)

Sunitinib is active and feasible. Patients receiving <4 full-dose cycles or having increased neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio achieved worse outcomes: therefore, these are present potential predictive factors.
Particle-based DNA vaccination against Foot-and-Mouth disease is efficient in sheep (2005)

National audience
Chemisorption of Al and Ga on the GaAs (110) surface (1980)

We have studied the initial stages of the chemisorption of Al and Ga on the clean GaAs (110) surface by applying quantum chemical methods to small clusters representing Al or Ga on GaAs (110). These calculations suggest that at smallest coverages Al or Ga bind to a surface Ga atom; for higher coverages Al and the surface Ga interchange positions. We have obtained the binding energy, the chemical shifts of the Ga–3d, As–3d and Al–2p states, and the microscopic dipole associated with chemisorption of Al or Ga on GaAs (110). These results are compared to experimental values and further experiments are suggested.
Targeting IL-6/STAT3 pathway with small-molecule compounds for multiple sclerosis therapy (THER6P.849) (2014)

Abstract Multiple Sclerosis is an immune-mediated chronic CNS disease where IL-6/STAT3 pathway plays a critical role in disease pathogenesis. Dysregulated IL-6/STAT3 signaling skews Teff/Treg balance toward an enhanced T effector response, favoring the development of CNS autoimmunity. Specifically, we previously showed IL-6 induces the development of highly encephalitogenic Th17 cells, suggesting IL-6/STAT3 pathway may serve as an innovative target. In support of this strategy, both IL-6-/- and STAT3-/- mice are completely resistant to EAE. Therefore, we designed four small-molecule lead compounds targeting IL-6/STAT3 pathway. MDL-5 and MDL-16 bind to the D1 domain of GP130, preventing the IL-6/GP130 interaction; while LLL-12 and LY-5 bind to the SH2 domain of STAT3, preventing STAT3 phosphorylation. All four lead compounds significantly inhibit IL-6 induced IL-17 production in myelin-specific CD4 T cells without significant toxicity. Furthermore, adoptive transfer of small-molecule treated myelin-specific CD4 T cells into naïve recipient mice show a significant reduction in EAE severity compared to control group, suggesting these compounds suppress the encephalitogenicity of CD4 T cells. More importantly, immunized small-molecule treated mice demonstrate delayed onset and reduced severity compared to control mice, suggesting in vivo treatment suppresses EAE development. Together, our data suggest that these four lead compounds have great potential to serve as an innovative therapy.
Tissue-based membrane electrode with high biocatalytic activity for measurement of adenosine 5'-monophosphate (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTissue-based membrane electrode with high biocatalytic activity for measurement of adenosine 5'-monophosphateM. A. Arnold and G. A. RechnitzCite this: Anal. Chem. 1981, 53, 12, 1837–1842Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00235a027https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00235a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views40Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Interacting Binding Domains of the β4 Integrin and Calcium-activated Chloride Channels (CLCAs) in Metastasis (2003)

CLCA (chloride channel, calcium-activated) proteins are novel pulmonary vascular addresses for blood-borne, lung-metastatic cancer cells. They facilitate vascular arrest of cancer cells via adhesion to beta4 integrin and promote early, intravascular, metastatic growth. Here we identify the interacting binding domains of endothelial CLCA proteins (e.g. hCLCA2, mCLCA5, mCLCA1, and bCLCA2) and beta4 integrin. Endothelial CLCAs share a common beta4-binding motif (beta4BM) in their 90- and 35-kDa subunits of the sequence F(S/N)R(I/L/V)(S/T)S, which is located in the second extracellular domain of the 90-kDa CLCA and near the N terminus of the 35-kDa CLCA, respectively. Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent, pull-down, and adhesion assays, we showed that glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins of beta4BMs from the 90- and 35-kDa CLCA subunits bind to the beta4 integrin in a metal ion-dependent manner. Fusion proteins from fibronectin and the integrins beta1 and beta3 served as negative controls. beta4BM fusion proteins competitively blocked the beta4/CLCA adhesion and prevented lung colonization of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. A disrupted beta4BM in hCLCA1, which is not expressed in endothelia, failed to interact with beta4 integrin. The corresponding CLCA-binding domain of the beta4 integrin is localized to the specific determining loop (SDL). Again enzyme-linked immunosorbent, pull-down, and adhesion assays were used to confirm the interaction with CLCA proteins using a glutathione S-transferase fusion protein representing the C-terminal two-thirds of beta4 SDL (amino acids 184-203). A chimeric beta4 integrin in which the indicated SDL sequence had been replaced with the corresponding sequence from the beta1 integrin failed to bind hCLCA2. The dominance of the CLCA ligand in beta4 activation and outside-in signaling is discussed in reference to our previous report that beta4/CLCA ligation elicits selective signaling via focal adhesion kinase to promote metastatic growth.
ChemInform Abstract: REDUCTIVE RING CONTRACTION OF MESOIONIC THIAZOL‐4‐ONES TO AZETIDIN‐2‐ONES (1980)

Abstract Aus den Thioamiden (I) entstehen mit Brom‐carbonsäuren und Acetanhydrid bzw. mit entsprechenden Säurechloriden (II) die mesoionischen Thiazolone (III), die auch aus (I) mit den Dicyano‐epoxiden (IV) erhalten werden können.
Evaluation of Inert Gas Fusion Method for Rapid Determination of Oxygen in Steel (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEvaluation of Inert Gas Fusion Method for Rapid Determination of Oxygen in SteelJ. I. Peterson, F. A. Melnick, and J. E. SteersCite this: Anal. Chem. 1958, 30, 6, 1086–1089Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60138a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60138a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views45Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Leptin, Insulin, and Obesity‐related Phenotypes: Genetic Influences on Levels and Longitudinal Changes (2009)

This study estimated the genetic and environmental determinants of plasma leptin and insulin levels and of obesity-related phenotypes. Included in this analysis were family members from 80 families living in kibbutz settlements, who participated in two examinations 8-10 years apart. We estimated that polygenes explained 30-50% of the adjusted leptin and insulin levels and 30-70% of the anthropometric phenotypes. This study demonstrated a significant genetic influence on longitudinal changes in leptin and BMI (h(2) = 0.45) and small-to-moderate heritability estimates for changes in insulin and other obesity-related phenotypes. In bivariate genetic analyses, we observed positive genetic correlations between leptin and anthropometric phenotypes, suggesting that shared effects of the same sets of loci account for 20-30% of the additive genetic variance in these pairs of variables. Shared genetic factors also account for 20-25% of the additive genetic variance in insulin-anthropometric pairs of variables.
AGGREGATION OF BLOOD PRESSURE IN INFANTS AND THEIR SIBLINGS1 (1976)

Sibling aggregation of blood pressure has been shown in children 2 to 14 years of age. To determine the earliest age at which this finding is detectable, blood pressures were evaluated in 98 siblings from 43 black families with newborns. Variances of blood pressure scores were significantly greater among families than within families for systolic (p less than .025) but not diastolic pressures. Sib-sib intraclass correlation coefficients were .26 (95% two-sided confidence limits .05 to .47) for systolic and .16 (-.06 to .38) for diastolic pressures. When 1-month-old infant pressures were added, significant aggregation was present for systolic (p less than .01) and diastolic (p less than .025) pressures. The intraclass correlation coefficients were .21 (.02 to .38) and .17 (.03 to .34), respectively. When newborn scores were substituted, aggregation was not demonstrable. These data demonstrate a familial influence on blood pressure in infancy by 1 month of age.
Adaptive instrumental variable method for robust direction-of-arrival estimation (1995)

The authors consider the problem of estimating the directions of arrival (DOAs) of the signals impinging on an array of narrowband sensors with arbitrary geometry. By assuming that the noise covariance matrix has a block diagonal structure, an optimal spatial instrumental variable (OSIV) method is derived for DOA estimation. The OSIV method is computationally simple, yet it provides the minimum variance DOA estimates in a whole class of IV based estimators. In addition, OSIV is a robust method in the sense that it can work with an imperfectly calibrated subarray and, furthermore, it is fairly insensitive to the spatial noise correlation (within the assumed structure). The paper focuses on the adaptive implementation of OSIV, which should be of interest for DOA tracking applications. Numerical examples are included to illustrate the performance that can be achieved with the proposed adaptive OSIV algorithm.
Long-term memory persistence (2010)

Memories lasting 6–24 h or more are usually called long-term memories. Some of them, however, persist just a couple of days, and others last months or years. Recent studies have described a delayed post-training phase that induces memory persistence. Two mechanisms have been described in rodents immediately after hippocampal cellular consolidation is over that have been suggested to pave the way for systems consolidation. One consists of the single, delayed activation of a hippocampal set of processes initiated by the local release and action of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, triggered by D1 receptor activation by dopaminergic fibers coming from the ventral tegmental area 12 h after acquisition. The other involves a circadian activation of another mechanism that involves repeated cyclic AMP and ERK activation, also in the hippocampus. Both mechanisms may be related; brain-derived neurotrophic factor action is mediated by ERKs.
Relating the Slope of the Activation Function and the Learning Rate Within a Recurrent Neural Network (1999)

A relationship between the learning rate η in the learning algorithm, and the slope β in the nonlinear activation function, for a class of recurrent neural networks (RNNs) trained by the real-time recurrent learning algorithm is provided. It is shown that an arbitrary RNN can be obtained via the referent RNN, with some deterministic rules imposed on its weights and the learning rate. Such relationships reduce the number of degrees of freedom when solving the nonlinear optimization task of finding the optimal RNN parameters.
Immunopathology of mouse hepatitis virus type 3 infection. III. Clinical and virologic observation of a persistent viral infection. (1975)

Three types of viral sensitivity were observed in various mouse strains upon MHV3 infection: resistance, full susceptibility, and semisusceptibility. In the latter type, seen in several inbred strains including C3H, approximately 50% of the adult injected animals resisted to the acute disease. Most of the surviving mice, however, developed a chronic disease with a wasting syndrome and occurrence of paralysis. The chronic period of the disease was characterized by a persistent viral infection, since MHV3 virus was recovered from brain, liver, spleen, and lymph nodes throughout the evolution in most of the animals. In addition, a correlation was observed between the clinical evolution and the titer of virus tested 4 days after infection.
Abnormally High <i>pK</i><sub>a</sub> of an Active‐Site Glutamic Acid Residue in <i>Bacillus Circulans</i> Xylanase (1995)

The active site of Bacillus circulans xylanase (1,4‐β‐ D ‐xylanohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.8) contains two glutamic acid residues, Glu78 and Glu172, which are crucial for the catalytic activity of the enzyme. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy was used to determine the ionization state of these residues as a function of pH. For the wild‐type enzyme, titration of one of the carboxylate groups occurs at pH 6.8. This titration is absent in the Glu78→Gln and Glu172→Gln variants of the enzyme. This, together with crystallographic data, indicates that Glu172 has an abnormally high pK a of 6.8, caused largely by electrostatic interactions of this residue with the proximal Glu78. Differential scanning calorimetry experiments with the wild‐type xylanase and a number of its mutants have shown that the presence of two nearby carboxyl groups results in a pH‐dependent destabilization of the protein structure.
ChemInform Abstract: The Asymmetric Allylboration Reaction: Dependence of Rate and Enantioselectivity on the Chiral Auxiliary. (1990)

Abstract Triallylborane (II) reacts with the chiral 1,2‐diol auxiliaries (I) to give the cyclic allylboronates (III) which are submitted to transallylation reaction with the cyclohexanecarboxaldehyde (IV), forming enantioselectively the homoallylic alcohol (S)‐(V).
<title>1-beam-mastering of groove recording disc with LPP address</title> (2002)

This paper describes an unique mastering scheme to form the Land-Pre-Pit address along with the groove. The scheme expands the resolution limit and gives other advantages in the disc manufacturing. The authors produced the disc applying it on a 351nm mastering apparatus and confirmed the realization of 20 GBytes disc capacity per the DVD size. The scheme can be inherited in the future mastering using the shortened wavelength or the electron beam.
Polarization and Space Charge Distribution in Thermally Poled Polyethylene and a Comparison with Polyvinylidene Fluoride (1986)

Electroded and annealed polyethylene fi lms were thermally poled and the recently developed Laser Intensity Modulation Method (LIMM) was used to measure the spatial distributions of both polarization and space charge through the thickness of the samples. Polarization due to the orientation of impurity dipoles and trapped space charge interacted in a complex manner to produce the pyroelectric currents excited by laser beam heating of the electrets. Comparisons are made with results obtained on thermally poled polyvinylidene fluoride.