gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
TWENTY-SIX CHROMOSOMAL GENES NEEDED TO MAINTAIN THE KILLER DOUBLE-STRANDED RNA PLASMID OF <i>SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE</i> (1978)

The double-stranded RNA killer plasmid gives yeast strains carrying it both the ability to secret a protein toxin and immunity to that toxin. This report describes a new series of mutants in chromsomal genes needed for killer plasmid maintenance (mak genes). These mutants comprise 12 complementation groups. There are a total of at least 26 mak genes. Each mak gene product is needed for plasmid maintenance in diploids as well as in haploids. None of these mak mutations prevent the killer plasmid from entering the mak- spores in the process of meiotic sporulation. Complementation between mak mutants can be performed by mating meitoic spores from a makx/+ plasmid-carrying diploid with a maky haploid. If x = y, about half the diploid clones formed lose the killer plasmid. If x not equal to y, complementation occurs, and all of the diploid clones are killers.
Effects of persistent photoconductivity on the characteristic performance of an AlGaN/GaN heterostructure ultraviolet detector (1998)

Photocurrent (PC) transient characteristics of an AlGaN/GaN heterostructure UV detector have been studied. We observed that the PC transients of the AlGaN/GaN heterostructure depended strongly on its initial conditions. Under a pulsed laser excitation, the PC responsivity, dark current level, and decay time constant all increased progressively with the number of successive excitation pulses and eventually saturated at constant values after about 30 pulsed laser exposures. Our results indicate that the observed PC transient characteristics are directly correlated with the effect of persistent photoconductivity in the two-dimensional electron gas region caused by deep level impurities and can have a significant influence on the performance of the UV photodetectors based on AlGaN/GaN heterostructures.
Future directions of pharmacotherapy of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the UPLIFT trial (2009)

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Seizure anticipation techniques: state of the art and future requirements (2005)

Recent research in seizure anticipation has shown that "pre-seizure states" can be detected several minutes in advance from analysis of EEG time series. This time frame would allow development and testing of specific seizure prevention techniques. Thus, there is now growing interest to bring these analysis techniques to a broader application in hospitals. Similar demands come from the industry as there is strong interest to incorporate analysis techniques into EEG acquisition systems and, moreover, to develop miniaturized possibly implantable devices for seizure anticipation and possibly prevention. This report gives an overview of the state of the art of seizure anticipation techniques and addresses future requirements to allow realization of seizure anticipation devices.
(4,2)D Projection−Reconstruction Experiments for Protein Backbone Assignment:  Application to Human Carbonic Anhydrase II and Calbindin D<sub>28K</sub> (2005)

Projection-reconstruction NMR experiments have been shown to significantly reduce the acquisition time required to obtain protein backbone assignment data. To date, this concept has only been applied to smaller (15)N/(13)C-labeled proteins. Here, we show that projection-reconstruction NMR techniques can be extended to larger protonated and perdeuterated proteins. We present a suite of (4,2)D triple-resonance experiments for protein backbone assignment and a Hybrid Backprojection/Lower-Value algorithm for reconstructing data with relatively weak signal-to-noise ratios. In addition, we propose a sampling theorem and discuss its implication on the choice of projection angles. We demonstrate the efficacy of this approach using the 29 kDa protein, human carbonic anhydrase II and the 30 kDa protein, calbindin D(28K).
Zak Transforms with Few Zeros and the Tie (2003)

We consider the difficult problem of deciding whether a triple(g,a,b),with window g ∈ L 2(ℝ) and time shift parameter a and frequency shift parameterbis a Gabor frame from two different points of view. We first identify two classes of non-negative windows g ∈ L 2(ℝ) such that their Zak transforms have no and just one zero per unit square, respectively. The first class consists of all integrable, non-negative windowsg that are supported by and strictly decreasing on [0, ∞). The second class consists of all even, non-negative, continuous, integrable windowsg that satisfy on [0, ∞) a condition slightly stronger than strict convexity (superconvexity). Accordingly, the members of these two classes generate Gabor frames for integer oversampling factor (ab)-1 ≥ 1 and ≥ 2, respectively. When we weaken the condition of superconvexity into strict convexity, the Zak transformsZg may have as many zeros as one wants, but in all cases (g, a, b) is still a Gabor frame when(ab) -1 is an integer ≥ 2. As a second issue we consider the question for which a, b > 0 the triple (g, a, b) is a Gabor frame, where gis the characteristic function of an interval [0, ∞) with c0 > 0 fixed. It turns out that the answer to the latter question is quite complicated, where irrationality or rationality of abgives rise to quite different situations. A pictorial display, in which the various cases are indicated in the positive (a, b)-quadrant, shows a remarkable resemblance to the design of a low-budget tie.
Oral candidosis: By L. P. SAMARANAYAKE and T. W. MACFARLANE. 1990. Butterworth Scientific Ltd. Pp. 265.  60.00. (1991)

Microbiology Society journals contain high-quality research papers and topical review articles. We are a not-for-profit publisher and we support and invest in the microbiology community, to the benefit of everyone. This supports our principal goal to develop, expand and strengthen the networks available to our members so that they can generate new knowledge about microbes and ensure that it is shared with other communities.
Solar plant modeling impacts on distribution systems PV case study (2012)

With the vast increase of distributed energy resources (DER) on utility systems not only due to renewable portfolio standard requirements but also the potential to delay distribution upgrade expenditures, the distribution engineer is confronted with the very challenging task of fulfilling the scope of a system impact study to determine if there exists potential for the DER to create any adverse operational or voltage issues, both now and in the future as system changes occur. Fortunately, there are industry standards and guides that describe how to fulfill the technical study requirements with some step-by-step guidance. The complexity of the system impact study also depends heavily upon the type and size of DER, its operating modes. An all-encompassing study might cover a vast number of areas with just a few of these being voltage and stability analysis, harmonics, transients, distribution system protection, and DER relaying requirements. Predicting PV generation profiles for different seasons and hours of the day rests heavily on the plant design and layout. Ways to determine those load levels will be discussed. Distribution system and PV inverter modeling complexities will be presented, along with why they are important for impact studies. An actual field installation of a large PV plant will be used to evaluate some distribution system impact issues, with a focus on loading scenarios and voltages. Various operating modes of inverters will be discussed with focus on how they may help or hinder the operation of the system. These operating modes and their effects on voltage regulating device interactions will be presented to demonstrate how more commonly used regulator control settings without DER may cause voltage violations with DER.
376. Aspects of stereochemistry. Part I. Stereospecificity in formation of epoxides from cyclic allylic alcohols (1957)

H. B. Henbest and R. A. L. Wilson, J. Chem. Soc., 1957, 1958 DOI: 10.1039/JR9570001958
Metabolic Precursors to Amphetamine and Methamphetamine. (1993)

Analysis and interpretation of amphetamine results is a challenging process made difficult by a number of factors. One of the complications comes from determination of the origin of amphetamine or methamphetamine in a sample. Given the relatively rare occasions that either of these two drugs are prescribed, legal prescription of one of these drugs is seldom a reason for positive findings. A number of other precursor compounds are metabolized by the body to amphetamine or methamphetamine, many of which could be used for legitimate reasons. Fourteen different metabolic precursors of amphetamine or methamphetamine are included in this review. They are amphetaminil, benzphetamine, clobenzorex, deprenyl, dimethylamphetamine, ethylamphetamine, famprofazone, fencamine, fenethylline, fenproporex, furfenorex, mefenorex, mesocarb, and prenylamine. Medical use, metabolism, analysis, and interpretation are described to afford sufficient information to evaluate the possible involvement of these drugs in positive amphetamine or methamphetamine results.
Process weather image by some CNN (2012)

In this paper, a kind of wipe noise according CNN has been put forward. And the different CNN has been used to process weather image. The first stage is that we provide a method to wipe off the noise from image by a kind of CNN (Cell Nerve Network) template, Half-Toning Cell Nerve Network (HTCNN). It can wipe off the Gaussian noise and Speckle noise. It's in reason from the simulation. Then we try to process the weather image by HTCNN. Change some parameter to process the weather image. The cloud seems clearer from the processed image. The second stage is that we take a new way to process image to embossment by CNN. We use a the Optimal Edge Detector Cellular Neural Network (OPCNN) to process weather image. Some embossment had appear on the image when it processed by OPCNN. It will be easy to analysis the weather image from the embossment of the picture.
Video Summarization Using A Visual Attention Model (2007)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Poznan, Poland, 2007
An AI-based manufacturing design rule checker and path optimizer for PCB production preparation and manufacturing (2002)

The authors discuss printed circuit board (PCB) manufacturing design rule checking (MDRC) in combination with the path optimizing of the assembly process in a heterogeneous, distributed, and networked information system environment linked with databases in a defined factory infrastructure. An increase in the degree of automation requires greater continuity of information flow starting with the customer order through to the sensor and actuator layer of manufacturing machinery. After the presentation of information infrastructure models such as the hierarchical production control system and the Y-model, the manufacturing design system (MDS) for the production preparation environment is derived which contains also the manufacturing design rule checking and path optimizing applicable to the PCB assembly process. In particular, the linkage between the design rule checking and the path optimizing process via the hierarchical two-phase cross-linked unit formation method based on technical and strategic characteristics is considered. The assembly process of a PCB with different components is cited as an example. The software package is written in the artificial-language Common LISP with the dialect SCHEME.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Enemies of spotted alfalfa aphid: Lady beetles, hover flies, lacewings are there important native predators of aphids and other economic pests of alfalfa (1956)

Natural enemies—native insect predators and fungus diseases—helped to hold the spotted alfalfa aphid in check during the 1955 season. In some fields an epizootic—corresponding to an epidemic among humans—of a fungus disease prevented damage by the aphid.
Attitude determination software for a star sensor (2010)

There are a number of universities which are developing pico and nano satellite for research and studies and will continue to increase in the future. Most of them also have specific attitude determination methods and associated sensors, but still a very accurate attitude determination sensor system is not available for small satellites other than sun sensors and magnetometers. Considering the accuracy and performance star sensor is the best choice, but the major drawbacks are the cost, effort and weight of the star sensor. The objective of the thesis work is to develop attitude determination software for a small low cost star sensor which can be used in pico and nano satellites. Modern miniaturization of electronics and hardware and low cost due to mass production has paved new way to develop a miniature sensor for small satellites in university projects. The work is mainly concentrated on developing a prototype software for the current star sensor project undergoing at the University of Wuerzburg, known as STELLAR. The prototype software is build in MATLAB 7 on a normal PC and tested for publicly available various star images and generated images.
Secondary Metabolites as Stimulants and Antifeedants of Salix integra for the Leaf Beetle Plagiodera versicolora (2003)

Plagiodera versicolora, a willow beetle living on S. sachalinensis, is found on S. integra during early June in Hokkaido Island, Japan. This insect selects several species of willows (Salix), including S. integra as host plant in Honshu Island of Japan. To determine the reasons for the limited distribution of this beetle on the willows of Hokkaido, the feeding preference of the insect to leaves of S. integra and its constituents was performed. Feeding-bioassay guided fractionation of an 80% aqueous acetone extract of fresh leaves of Salix integra to Plagiodera versicolora resulted in isolation of feeding stimulant and antifeeding constituents. Chlorogenic acid (1) and 3,5-dicaffeoyl quinic acid (2) were identified as antifeedants and 1,2-di[(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadeca-9,12,15-trienoyl]-3-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-sn-glycerol (MGDG, 3) as feeding stimulants. The feeding test was performed by an agar disk method. The treated agar disks contained sucrose and test sample in different doses. The antifeeding activities of 1 and 2 and stimulant activity of 3 may be one of the reasons for the limited presence of P. versicolora on S. integra in Hokkaido.
A fast algorithm for computing the vocal-tract impulse response from the transfer function (1995)

This paper describes a fast algorithm that computes the impulse response of the vocal tract from its transfer function. First, numerical methods for computing the transfer function of a given vocal-tract configuration are briefly outlined. These methods include techniques (1) to decompose the numerator and denominator of the transfer function and (2) to efficiently determine the resonance modes of the vocal tract. Next, is a description of how to calculate residues at the poles and how to express the vocal-tract transfer function as a partial fraction expansion series. Each term in the expansion corresponds to an elementary formant generator, and the additive terms correspond to a parallel formant architecture. A second-order digital filter is derived for each formant generator. The impulse response of the vocal tract can therefore be specified compactly by a set of such filters. Good agreement is observed between the directly calculated transfer function and the one synthesized by the proposed algorithm. The algorithm is being used in the articulatory speech synthesizer under development both at Rutgers University and at the Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden. An ambitious goal is to incorporate the method into a text-to-speech synthesizer and/or an adaptive voice mimic system.
Machine-Learning-Based Feature Selection Techniques for Large-Scale Network Intrusion Detection (2014)

Nowadays, we see more and more cyber-attacks on major Internet sites and enterprise networks. Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is a critical component of such infrastructure defense mechanism. IDS monitors and analyzes networks' activities for potential intrusions and security attacks. Machine-learning (ML) models have been well accepted for signature-based IDSs due to their learn ability and flexibility. However, the performance of existing IDSs does not seem to be satisfactory due to the rapid evolution of sophisticated cyber threats in recent decades. Moreover, the volumes of data to be analyzed are beyond the ability of commonly used computer software and hardware tools. They are not only large in scale but fast in/out in terms of velocity. In big data IDS, the one must find an efficient way to reduce the size of data dimensions and volumes. In this paper, we propose novel feature selection methods, namely, RF-FSR (Random Forest-Forward Selection Ranking) and RF-BER (Random Forest-Backward Elimination Ranking). The features selected by the proposed methods were tested and compared with three of the most well-known feature sets in the IDS literature. The experimental results showed that the selected features by the proposed methods effectively improved their detection rate and false-positive rate, achieving 99.8% and 0.001% on well-known KDD-99 dataset, respectively.
Forensic Analysis of Mobile Phone Internal Memory (2006)

Modern mobile phones store data in SIM cards, internal memory and external flash memory. With advanced functionality such as multimedia messaging becoming common, increasing amounts of information are now stored in internal memory. However, the forensic analysis of internal memory, including the recovery of deleted items, has been largely ignored. This paper presents two methods for imaging the internal memory of mobile phones. The methods are applied on several popular models to recover information, including deleted text messages.
Token Based Authentication Using Mobile Phone (2011)

Digital identity is the key representation of user and getting most crucial subject for information security. The password based authentication is weak solution and no longer adequate. User select static password which is easy to guess and remember, relevant information or common for all authentication process. This simplicity makes weak authentication scheme, as so far, static passwords are known as easiest target for attackers. Further, Security Token based runtime interaction could extend the strength of authentication control. Security tokens can be used for strong authentication but inconvenient for user and costly for the service providers. To avoid the user inconvenient and extra cost mobile phone is an emerging alternative. These papers comprise the study of various digital identification schemes and give motivation to integrate mobile token. In order to establish standard for mobile token, work starts with the review of current schemes and explores the security architecture for strong authentication with mobile token. Password algorithm is derived to generate dynamic password for token authentication. Thereafter explore various authentication mechanisms to implement mobile token on different prospective. At the end, it describes the various test cases and evolutionary result of various attacks on suggested schemes.
A String of Mistakes: The Importance of Cascade Analysis in Describing, Counting, and Preventing Medical Errors (2004)

<b>BACKGROUND</b> Notions about the most common errors in medicine currently rest on conjecture and weak epidemiologic evidence. We sought to determine whether cascade analysis is of value in clarifying the epidemiology and causes of errors and whether physician reports are sensitive to the impact of errors on patients. <b>METHODS</b> Eighteen US family physicians participating in a 6-country international study filed 75 anonymous error reports. The narratives were examined to identify the chain of events and the predominant proximal errors. We tabulated the consequences to patients, both reported by physicians and inferred by investigators. <b>RESULTS</b> A chain of errors was documented in 77% of incidents. Although 83% of the errors that ultimately occurred were mistakes in treatment or diagnosis, 2 of 3 were set in motion by errors in communication. Fully 80% of the errors that initiated cascades involved informational or personal miscommunication. Examples of informational miscommunication included communication breakdowns among colleagues and with patients (44%), misinformation in the medical record (21%), mishandling of patients’ requests and messages (18%), inaccessible medical records (12%), and inadequate reminder systems (5%). When asked whether the patient was harmed, physicians answered affirmatively in 43% of cases in which their narratives described harms. Psychological and emotional effects accounted for 17% of physician-reported consequences but 69% of investigator-inferred consequences. <b>CONCLUSIONS</b> Cascade analysis of physicians’ error reports is helpful in understanding the precipitant chain of events, but physicians provide incomplete information about how patients are affected. Miscommunication appears to play an important role in propagating diagnostic and treatment mistakes.
The Interpretation of X-ray Diffraction Photographs by N. F. M. Henry, H. Lipson and W. A. Wooster (1951)

REVIEWSintensities.Thus the overall computational accuracy of 5~o, which the author recommends, will be required for very precise determinations only.In the main part of the book the author discusses the different ' methods for computing one-, two-and threedimensional syntheses by direct calculation or by Hollerith machines, and other mechanical, electrical and optical devices.This part contains many interesting ideas and may give valuable suggestions to those who are concerned with the development of new equipment for Fourier synthesis, and, indeed, for everybody who has repeatedly to carry out such calculations.The second volume consists of tables of the function cos 27rhx cos 21rky in steps of ~8 for x and y between 0 and ½.The reviewer regrets to say that this table is only of very limited use.In many cases a step difference of 1 is not sufficient; an efficient use of the table can be
An empirical method for estimation of anisotropic parameters in clastic rocks (2006)

Clastic sediments, particularly shale, exhibit transverse isotropic properties with the symmetric axis perpendicular to bedding (VTI). These anisotropic rock properties are important in seismic imaging, prestack seismic analysis, and reservoir characterization. Laboratory tests are the main techniques used in measuring rock anisotropic properties. Vertical seismic profiling (VSP) and seismic refraction are the in-situ techniques used to determine anisotropic parameters. All of these methods provide significant insight to the anisotropic properties of the subsurface. However, limitations exist in the applications of these methods because of cost issues and restrictions on the number of measurements that can be conducted. Therefore, new techniques that are cost effective, easy to use, and able to measure continuous anisotropic profiles are desirable. This paper describes a methodology which involves the use of conventional rock properties to derive anisotropic rock properties.
4-Methoxyanilinium tetrafluoroborate–dibenzo-18-crown-6 (1/1) (2010)

In the structure of the complex of dibenzo-18-crown-6 [systematic name: 2,5,8,15,18,21-hexaoxatricyclo[20.4.0.0(9,14)]hexacosa-1(26),9,11,13,22,24-hexaene] with 4-methoxyanilinium tetrafluoroborate, C(7)H(10)NO(+) x BF(4)(-) x C(20)H(24)O(6), the protonated 4-methoxyanilinium (MB-NH(3)(+)) cation forms a 1:1 supramolecular rotator-stator complex with the dibenzo-18-crown-6 molecule via N-H...O hydrogen bonds. The MB-NH(3)(+) group is attached from the convex side of the bowl-shaped crown, in contrast with similar ammonium cations that nest in the curvature of the bowl. The cations are associated via C-H...pi interactions, while the cations and anions are linked by weak C-H...F hydrogen bonds, forming cation-crown-anion chains parallel to [011].