gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SIGNAL MODELING IN THE FAR-INFRARED REGION FOR NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION APPLICATIONS (2011)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Chien‐Ping Chiou, David K. Hsu, Dan Barnard, Kwang‐Hee Im, R. Bruce Thompson; SIGNAL MODELING IN THE FAR‐INFRARED REGION FOR NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION APPLICATIONS. AIP Conference Proceedings 23 June 2011; 1335 (1): 581–588. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3591903 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Characterization of a multicomponent live, attenuated<i>Shigella flexneri</i>vaccine (2016)

Shigella flexneri is a leading cause of diarrheal disease in children under five in developing countries. There is currently no licensed vaccine and broad spectrum protection requires coverage of multiple serotypes. The live attenuated vaccines CVD 1213 and CVD 1215 were derived from two prominent S. flexneri serotypes: S. flexneri 3a and S. flexneri 6. To provide broad-spectrum immunity, they could be combined with CVD 1208S, a S. flexneri 2a strain that demonstrated promising results in phase I and II clinical trials. Each strain contains a mutation in the guaBA operon. These vaccine candidates were tested in vitro and in vivo and were found to be auxotrophic for guanine and defective in intracellular replication, but capable of inducing cytokine production from both epithelial cells and macrophages. Both strains were attenuated for virulence in the guinea pig Serény test and induced robust serotype-specific antibody responses following immunization. Each strain induced homologous serotype protection against challenge and a mixed inoculum of the three S. flexneri vaccines conferred protection against all three virulent wild-type strains. These data support the use of CVD 1213, CVD 1215 and CVD 1208S in a multivalent vaccine to confer broad protection against disease caused by Shigella flexneri.
Friedel–Crafts Alkylation over Zr-Mont Catalyst for the Production of Diesel Fuel Precursors (2018)

Heterogeneous Zr-Mont catalyst prepared by a simple protocol was employed for the production of diesel fuel precursors via Friedel-Crafts (FC) alkylation of petroleum-derived arenes (e.g., mesitylene, xylene, and toluene) with biomass-derived 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF), HMF derivatives, and carbohydrates. Initially, several acidic catalysts were screened for the FC alkylation of mesitylene with HMF in nitroethane solvent. Among all, Zr-Mont catalyst gave an exceptionally high yield (80%) of mesitylmethylfurfural (MMF). The catalytic activity of Zr-Mont was also evaluated for the alkylation of different petroleum-derived arenes with ester/halogen derivatives of HMF. Suitable acid strength and high surface area of Zr-Mont were its major attributes to make it the most efficient solid acid catalyst for this FC reaction. Even after several reuses, the catalytic activity of Zr-Mont was found to be consistent, which was also evidenced by the acidity measurements of fresh and reused Zr-Mont catalysts by temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia and pyridine Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy techniques. Direct conversion of glucose to diesel fuel precursors was also attempted over Zr-Mont catalyst in mesitylene and polar nonacidic solvents at 150 °C. However, the activity of Zr-Mont catalyst was limited for glucose dehydration to HMF and MMF did not form. When the same experiment was performed in formic acid medium, MMF was produced in 34% yield. After the addition of formic acid, the reaction becomes biphasic which contains mesitylene as an organic phase and formic acid as an aqueous phase. Formic acid worked as a solvent, reactant, and cocatalyst, whereas mesitylene worked as a reactant and product extraction phase to enable easy product isolation. With this strategy, other diesel fuel precursors were also produced in 26-30% yields from glucose and different arenes. Similar strategy was successfully extended for the conversion of sucrose to diesel fuel precursors.
State-space approach to propagation path parameter estimation and tracking (2005)

In this paper we address the problem of propagation path parameter estimation in channel sounding. Propagation parameter estimation is crucial in creating realistic channel models that may be used to study the performance of multiantenna (MIMO) transceivers as well as in network planning. The proposed approach employs a nonlinear state-space model in order to capture the dynamics of the channel parameters in time. Both specular and diffuse components are considered. Extended Kalman filtering is used to estimate the state. The computational complexity is reduced by applying the matrix inversion lemma. Hence, significant savings in computation compared to conventional iterative methods is obtained. The method gives insight into the dynamic behavior of the propagation parameters, allows parameter pairing over time and facilitates analyzing the path lifetime in different measurement scenarios. The performance of the proposed technique is demonstrated using real-world channel sounding measurements.
A framework for accelerating neuromorphic-vision algorithms on FPGAs (2011)

Implementations of neuromorphic algorithms are traditionally implemented on platforms which consume significant power, falling short of their biologically underpinnings. Recent improvements in FPGA technology have led to FPGAs becoming a platform in which these rapidly evolving algorithms can be implemented. Unfortunately, implementing designs on FPGAs still prove challenging for nonexperts, limiting their use in the neuroscience domain. In this paper, a FPGA framework is presented which enables neuroscientists to compose multi-FPGA systems for a cortical object classification model. This is demonstrated by mapping this algorithm onto two distinct platforms providing speedups of up to ~28X over a reference CPU implementation.
Protein Expression in the Gastrocnemius Muscle of a Rodent Shrapnel-Injury Model (2021)

With shrapnel injuries, the metal fragment is usually left in place to reduce the risk of morbidity extensive surgery might bring. This means the individual may retain those metals for the remainder of their life. Often the long-term health effects of the embedded metal are not known, especially with respect to protein damage and perturbations of muscle repair pathways. In this study, using homogenates of rat gastrocnemius muscle implanted with pellets of military-relevant metals, we investigated expression of iNOS and eNOS, enzymes involved in nitric oxide production, as well as MMP-2 and MMP-9, matrix metalloproteinases associated with muscle repair. In addition, hydroxynonenal-modified proteins were investigated to assess metal-induced oxidative damage and metal levels in the gastrocnemius determined. Metals were implanted for up to 12 months in order to determine the long-term effects on the expression of muscle-associated proteins. With the exception of iron and cobalt at 1-month post-implantation, there were no significant differences in metal levels in the gastrocnemius in any of the cohorts. Protein expression analysis showed significant decreases in iNOS and eNOS in the 6-month and 12-month lead and depleted uranium groups. Hydroxynonenal-modified proteins were also significantly increased in the iron, copper, lead, and depleted uranium groups. These results suggest that some embedded metals can induce long-term oxidative damage, as well as affect enzyme systems involved in signal transduction.
Ultrasonography for guidance of amniocentesis in genetic counseling (1978)

The value of preliminary ultrasonography as a guide for amniocentesis in the early second trimester of pregnancy was prospectively evaluated. One hundred and fifty patients were alternately assigned to a control group or to an ultrasound group who underwent examination with a real-time scanner immediately prior to amniocentesis. All amniotic fluid samples were assessed as to the presence of blood by: (1) visual observation during the amniocentesis; (2) appearance of the centrifugate; and (3) microscopic analysis. Ultrasonography did not reduce the failure rate, the incidence of multiple needle insertions, or the proportion of amniotic fluid samples containing blood.
Excited States of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">S</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>34</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math> (1956)

The mode of decay of the second excited state of ${\mathrm{S}}^{34}$ has been examined, using a "slow-fast" coincidence technique to examine the gamma rays in coincidence with the appropriate proton group from the reaction ${\mathrm{P}}^{31}(\ensuremath{\alpha}, p){\mathrm{S}}^{34}$. By comparing the observed cascade to cross-over intensity ratio with that calculated from the Weisskopf lifetime relationships, the number of possible spin-parity combinations for the first and second excited states can be restricted. When the results of beta decay studies are taken into account, it can be inferred that the first two excited states of ${\mathrm{S}}^{34}$ are both 2+. Spin 0+ for the ground state is assumed.New measurements of the energies of the low-lying excited states of ${\mathrm{S}}^{34}$ are reported. It is concluded that there are levels at 2.13\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02, 3.33\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05, 4.32\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.08, and 4.8\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.1 Mev.
Kinetics of US28 Gene Expression during Active Human Cytomegalovirus Infection in Lung‐Transplant Recipients (2006)

Targeting viral proteins early during infection may limit exacerbation of human cytomegalovirus infection. The viral chemokine-receptor homologue US28 interferes with leukocyte trafficking and, possibly, viral replication. Because US28 molecules are abundant on the surface of infected cells, this homologue is a potential target for antiviral therapy. To assess the relationship between US28 and disease activity, we measured, by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, the levels of US28 and immediate-early (IE) 1 gene transcripts in the blood of lung-transplant recipients. We found that, during primary and secondary infection, the IE1 and US28 genes have early transcription kinetics and are expressed at similar levels. This may render US28 an attractive target for antiviral therapy.
ChemInform Abstract: PEPTIDSYNTHESEN 58. MITT. VERMEIDUNG VON FEHLSEQUENZEN DURCH BLOCKIERUNG MIT 3‐NITROPHTHALSAEUREANHYDRID, MERRIFIELD‐SYNTHESE DER LEU(5)‐GASTRIN‐I‐SEQUENZ 5‐13 SOWIE DES ACTH‐FRAGMENTS 11‐14 (1975)

Abstract Bei der Anwendung des Blockers 3‐Nitro‐phthalsäureanhydrid zur Unterdrückung von Fehlsequenzen ließen sich die blockierten sauer markierten Rumpfsequenzen im Falle der Synthese von Leu‐(Glu)5‐Ala‐Tyr‐Gly (Leu5 ‐GastrinI 5‐13) durch Ionenaustauschchromatographie, im Falle der Synthese von tert.‐Butyloxycarbonyl‐(benzyloxycarbonyl) Lys‐Pro‐Val‐Gly‐methylester (ACTH 11‐14) durch Extraktion mit NaHCO 3 ‐Lösung abtrennen.
Control of Self-Assembling Processes of Polyamidoamine Dendrimers and Pd Nanoparticles (2008)

We have investigated the self-assembly formed by palladium acetate (Pd(OAc)2) and polyamidoamine dendrimers (GN-NH2) in a mixed solvent of methanol and N,N-dimethylformamide. We aim to explore effects of the generation number (GN) and concentration of the dendrimers, [GN-NH2], on the self-assembly of the dendrimers (defined hereafter as “templates”) and the Pd nanoparticles inside the templates in order to clarify physical factors controlling the self-assembling mechanisms. For this purpose, we changed GN from 0 to 4 and [GN-NH2] from 0.03 to 2.7 mM, keeping the concentration of Pd(OAc)2, [Pd(OAc)2], at a fixed value of 3.6 mM. The self-assemblies of the templates and the Pd nanoparticles were investigated by means of a combined method of small-angle neutron and X-ray scattering, ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering, dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy. We elucidated the following two facts concerning the effects of increasing GN on the self-assembly under a fixed value of [−NH2] such that [Pd(OAc)2]/[−NH2] = 3.33, where [−NH2] is molar concentration of the peripheral amine group of dendrimers having varying GN. (i) The size of the templates becomes smaller, while the number density of the templates increases. This trend is well explained from the viewpoint that the effective binding force between the templates via attractive interactions of Pd(OAc)2 and amine groups of the dendrimers, which belong to different templates, becomes weak relatively to the random thermal force acting on the templates. (ii) The size of Pd nanoparticles becomes larger with increasing GN. This result can be rationalized by the following two effects: (a) increasing number fraction of Pd(OAc)2 molecules, which are easily reduced to Pd(0) atoms; (b) increasing number density of Pd(OAc)2 per single template as detailed in the text (section 4.2.1. and 4.2.3.). As for the effect of [GN-NH2], we found that the templates are formed only when [GN-NH2] falls below a critical value and thereby a sufficient amount of Pd(OAc)2 exists as the binders between the dendrimers. Otherwise dendrimers are molecularly dispersed in solution.
Ion Channels (2009)

Abstract Ion channels catalyze the transmembrane movement of small inorganic ions across biological membranes. They do so by forming continuous, hydrophilic pores through which ions can cross the barrier imposed by the lipid bilayer hydrophobic core. Ion channels serve many functions: they underlie the changes in membrane potential that control many cell functions, including the propagated electrical signaling (the action potentials) in electrically excitable cells; they allow for the bulk movement of ions across cell membranes. In this chapter, we summarize key features of ion channels, with special emphasis on the channels in the plasma membrane — their structure and catalytic power, the generation of membrane potential changes, the regulation (or gating) that underlies normal channel function, and how channel function can be modulated by small molecules.
The ZnF UBP domain is a novel ubiquitin‐binding domain that recognizes the C‐terminal di‐glycine motif of unanchored ubiquitin (2006)

Ubiquitin binding proteins regulate the stability, function, and/or localization of ubiquitinated proteins. All characterized ubiquitin binding domains recognize a hydrophobic patch on ubiquitin containing I44. Here we report the crystal structures of the zinc finger ubiquitin‐binding domain (ZnF UBP) from the deubiquitinating enzyme Isopeptidase T (IsoT or USP5), alone and in complex with ubiquitin. Notably, this domain does not interact with I44 or the surrounding hydrophobic residues. The ZnF UBP contains a deep binding pocket where the C‐terminal diglycine motif of ubiquitin is inserted, explaining the specificity of IsoT for an intact C‐terminus on the proximal subunit of polyubiquitin. Mutations of the Zn ligands demonstrate that this domain is required for ubiquitin binding and catalytic activation of IsoT. The ZnF UBP domain is present in several proteins involved in ubiquitin metabolism, suggesting that other proteins bearing this domain may share this novel mode of ubiquitin recognition. This work is supported in part by a NIH training grant (5T32GM008367 to FER), NIH grant GM30308 to KDW, and NIH grant GM068680 (to JRH and XC).
Modern Honor (2013)

This book examines the notion of honor with an eye to dissecting its intellectual demise and with the aim of making a case for honor’s rehabilitation. Western intellectuals acknowledge honor’s influence, but they lament its authority. For Western democratic societies to embrace honor, it must be compatible with social ideals like liberty, equality, and fraternity. Cunningham details a conception of honor that can do justice to these ideals. This vision revolves around three elements—character (being), relationships (relating), and activities and accomplishment (doing). Taken together, these elements articulate a shared aspiration for excellence. We can turn the tables on traditional ills of honor—serious problems of gender, race, and class—by forging a vision of honor that rejects lives predicated on power and oppression.
Trap characterization of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs through drain current measurements under pulsed-RF large-signal excitation (2015)

An advanced microwave characterization technique has been developed to determine the trapping and detrapping time constants due to wide Pulsed-RF large-signal excitation of AlGaN/GaN High-Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMTs). This approach is based on combined Continuous Waveform (CW) Time-Domain Load-Pull measurements and low frequency (LF) drain current transient measurements under one wide non-periodic Pulsed-RF excitation to investigate trapping phenomena. The trap capture and emission time constants are extracted by applying the current-transient method for different RF large-signal input power levels and for varying duration of pulse-width (PW) of the one pulse-RF excitation. The strong influence of the RF load-line excursion in the Drain current collapse after the RF stimulus is also demonstrated.
In-vivo diagnostic with optical coherence tomography: use in dermatology (1997)

Optical low coherence tomography (OCT) is a newly developed bioengineering method for noninvasive in-vivo investigation of human skin, especially of the epidermis. Based on the principle of a Michelson interferometer, OCT allows the detection of the path length of an infrared light beam after backscattered inside the skin sample by comparison with a reference beam. The depth resolution is limited by the coherence length of the light source, which is about 15 micrometer. OCT supplies cross-sectional images of the skin with a penetration depth of about 0.5 to 1.5 mm. The stratum corneum can be distinguished from the living epidermis and the upper dermis. We investigated healthy skin of several localizations, inflammatory diseases, intra- and subepidermal blisters and epidermal tumors. First images are presented to demonstrate the possibilities of this promising new method.
AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION AND REGULATORY T-CELL FUNCTION IN ASTHMATIC CHILDREN (2011)

Background: Exposure to ambient air pollution (AAP) is associated with increased severity and incidence of asthma, a disease characterized by increased inflammation. Regulatory T-cells (Treg) are newly discovered suppressors of immune response which are involved in asthma pathogenesis, and whose development and activity is regulated by the Foxp3 locus. We hypothesized that exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) would negatively affect function of Tregs. Methods: Immune function was assessed in blood collected in early 2009 from 71 asthmatic children enrolled in a prospective cohort study in Fresno, CA. Treg cells (CD4+CD25hiCD127lo) were purified by flow cytometry, then used in standard 3H thymidine proliferation assays, flow cytometry, quantitative PCR, and chemotaxis assays. Daily AAP exposure for each child was estimated using a microenvironment model integrating data from multiple air monitoring sites. For this preliminary analysis, midway through participant recruitment, we assessed the associations of Jan. – Oct. 2008 daily average NO2, O3, and PM2.5 concentrations with Treg function. Results: Median age at blood draw was 14 years. Distribution of GINA asthma severity scores at baseline: 1 = 32%, 2 = 51%, 3 = 13%, 4 = 4%. Median AAP concentrations were 6.8 ppb for NO2, 18 ppb for O3, and 11 μg/m3 for PM2.5. No significant correlations were seen between any measures of immune function and exposure to NO2, O3, or PM2.5. However, Foxp3 methylation was marginally-significantly inversely correlated with both O3 (r = -0.22, p = 0.06) and NO2 (r = -0.18, p = 0.13). Conclusions: No significant associations were seen between AAP exposure and Treg function, possibly due to the small sample size of this preliminary analysis. Once recruitment is complete, this analysis will be re-done in the full population, with additional immune parameters.
Clinicopathologic effects of the Q64ter rhodopsin mutation in retinitis pigmentosa. (1996)

Microscopic changes in the donor retinas correlated well with the abnormalities in visual function in the patient donor and other family members. Postreceptoral ERG defects may relate to the abnormal photoreceptor processes found in the inner retina.
Propagation losses in GaAs/AlOx nonlinear waveguide and their impact on parametric oscillation threshold (2010)

Continuously tunable sources with room-temperature operation are required in the mid-infrared region for applications such as spectroscopy or pollutants monitoring. In this spectral range, optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) are more versatile than laser diodes. Guided-wave OPOs constitute a promising perspective, thanks to higher conversion efficiency provided by the confinement of the interacting waves. While LiNbO3 has been the crystal of choice for a long time, GaAs is a good alternative thanks to higher nonlinearity, broader transparency range, and optoelectronic integrability. So far, a GaAs integrated OPO has not yet been demonstrated due to technology induced propagation losses. Here we present a detailed investigation of the propagation losses in partially oxidized multilayer GaAs/AlAs waveguides. We have studied the impact of oxidation on the roughness of the multilayer interfaces, via transmission electron microscopy. While the roughness of our MBE-grown GaAs/AlAs heterostructures is the standard 0.3 nm, it increases to at least 0.53 nm after AlAs oxidation. Semi-analytical modeling shows that this level of roughness is responsible for scattering losses, in fair agreement with the measured values. Optimization of the oxidation process is currently under way with the aim of reaching the OPO oscillation threshold.
The Bin-Occupancy Filter and Its Connection to the PHD Filters (2009)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> An algorithm that is capable not only of tracking multiple targets but also of “track management”—meaning that it does not need to know the number of targets as a user input—is of considerable interest. In this paper we devise a recursive track-managed filter via a quantized state-space (“bin”) model. In the limit, as the discretization implied by the bins becomes as refined as possible (infinitesimal bins) we find that the filter equations are identical to Mahler's probability hypothesis density (PHD) filter, a novel track- managed filtering scheme that is attracting increasing attention. Thus, one contribution of this paper is an interpretation of, if not the PHD itself, at least what the PHD is doing. This does offer some intuitive appeal, but has some practical use as well: with this model it is possible to identify the PHD's “target-death” problem, and also the statistical inference structures of the PHD filters. To obviate the target death problem, PHD originator Mahler developed a new “cardinalized” version of PHD (CPHD). The second contribution of this paper is to extend the “bin-occupancy” model such that the resulting recursive filter is identical to the cardinalized PHD filter. </para>
A Digital Field Memory for Television Receivers (1983)

In this paper a description and a specification are presented of a 308 kbit digital field memory chip. This device, which is manufactured in a 2 um NMOS process and operates up to 40 MHz, has been designed especially for video applications. Aspects of the design are highlighted with respect to the application in television receivers.