gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sidestream Smoking is Equally as Damaging as Mainstream Smoking on IVF Outcomes (2006)

No AccessJournal of UrologyAdult urology1 Mar 2006Sidestream Smoking is Equally as Damaging as Mainstream Smoking on IVF Outcomes M.S. Neal, E.G. Hughes, A.C. Holloway, and W.G. Foster M.S. NealM.S. Neal More articles by this author , E.G. HughesE.G. Hughes More articles by this author , A.C. HollowayA.C. Holloway More articles by this author , and W.G. FosterW.G. Foster More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(05)00572-0AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Sidestream Smoking is Equally as Damaging as Mainstream Smoking on IVF Outcomes." The Journal of Urology, 175(3), p. 1056 Reproductive Biology Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada© 2006 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 175 Issue 3 March 2006 Page: 1056 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2006 by American Urological AssociationMetrics Author Information M.S. Neal More articles by this author E.G. Hughes More articles by this author A.C. Holloway More articles by this author W.G. Foster More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Increased Level of von Willebrand Factor Is Significantly and Independently Associated with Diabetes in Postinfarction Patients (2001)

Summary Diabetes is an established risk factor for reinfarction and cardiac death in postinfarction patients. Since the underlying mechanism of diabetes-related risk is not fully understood we aimed to evaluate the association between lipids, thrombogenic factors and diabetes in postinfarction patients. The study population consisted of 1,045 post-infarction patients (846 non-diabetic, 125 non-insulin- and 74 insulin-requiring diabetics) with the following blood tests performed 2 months after an index myocardial infarction: lipoprotein (a), apolipoprotein-B, apolipoprotein-A, cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin, von Willebrand factor (vWF), fibrinogen, factor VII, D-dimer, and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1). After adjustment for relevant clinical covariates, non-insulin-requiring diabetes was significantly (p <0.05) associated with elevated levels of (odd ratios per 1 log unit increase in parenthesis) vWF (1.74) and PAI-1 (1.42) whereas insulin requiring diabetes was associated with even more elevated levels of vWF (4.68), but not with increased levels of PAI-1. No significant differences in lipid levels were observed among three groups. In conclusion, increased level of von Willebrand factor is significantly and independently associated with diabetes in postinfarction patients, suggesting that endothelial damage is the primary mechanisms contributing to an increased occurrence of vascular and cardiac events in diabetic postinfarction patients.
Localização de microssatélites no genoma da aveia para alinhamento de mapas moleculares (2002)

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Behenoyl cytarabine-associated reversible encephalopathy in a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia (1999)

We report a case of reversible encephalopathy syndrome in a 16-year-old girl with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), who is undergoing during consolidation chemotherapy composed of BH-AC (N4-behenoyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl cytosine) and idarubicin. On the 6th day of chemotherapy, she was in a drowsy state following generalized tonic clonic seizure lasting 20 minutes. MR images revealed extensive cortical and subcortical white matter brain edema. Alertness returned over the 24 hr following by the discontinuation of BH-AC and intravenous administration of diphenylhydantoin, although she complained of intermittent headaches and visual disturbance. She gradually recovered from these symptoms during subsequent 7 days. Previously noted abnormal signal intensities have nearly disappreared on follow-up MRI obtained on the 22nd day after the first seizure. She was discharged without any neurologic sequela. This case suggests that BH-AC, a derivative of cytosine arabinoside (1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine) could be a cause of reversible encephalopathy syndrome.
Dynamic Behaviour of the Direct Solar Steam Generation in Parabolic Trough Collectors: A Simulation Study (2000)

Parabolic trough solar power plants can play an important role in the future energy market. Parabolic trough collectors are employed to heat a synthetic oil which transfers the energy via heat exchangers to a conventional steam turbine cycle for conversion into electricity. The direct steam generation in the parabolic trough collectors is a feasible improvement of this reliable technology. In the european project DISS (DIrect Solar Steam) three different operation modes will be investigated to identify the specific advantages and disadvantages of each mode. For that purpose a collector loop with a length of 500 m was erected in 1998. In the once through concept (s. Fig 1) the total amount of water that can be evaporated and superheated in the collector loop is fed into the inlet. This concept is the most simple one but its controllability has to be investigated.
Interglandular cytogenetic heterogeneity detected by comparative genomic hybridization in pancreatic cancer. (2002)

The aim of this study is to explore the mechanisms of intratumoral cytogenetic heterogeneity (ICH) in pancreatic cancer. Using comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) analysis, we investigated interglandular variation in 20 primary invasive ductal adenocarcinomas of the pancreas. Three or four adjacent neoplastic glands were individually microdissected from a tumor specimen. Extracted DNA from each gland was amplified by degenerate oligonucleotide primed-PCR, followed by CGH. In addition, DNA index (DI) was measured by laser scanning cytometry in each case. CGH profiles displayed a wide variety of differences between glands within the same tumor in all cases, i.e., interglandular cytogenetic heterogeneity was distinct in pancreatic cancers. In this study, genetic changes detected in all regions of a tumor were classified as "region-independent" alterations, whereas changes seen in at least one, but not all regions were designated as "region-dependent" alterations, which resulted in ICH. The degree of ICH, which was manifested as the ratio of these two types of alterations, correlated closely with DI (Spearman rho = 0.842; P = 0.0002). Therefore, DI might be a surrogate marker for ICH. These results suggest that with tumor progression, ICH and DNA aneuploidy result from the successive appearance of region-dependent alterations attributable to chromosomal instability in tumor cells. Our data support a concept of individual cell heterogeneity in pancreatic cancer.
Vocal Aging Explained by Vocal Tract Modelling: 2008 JHU Summer Workshop Final Report 1 (2008)

Peter Beyerlein (peter.beyerlein@tfh-wildau.de) Andrew Cassidy (acassidy@jhu.edu) Varada Kholhatkar (kolha002@d.umn.edu) Eva Lasarcyk (evaly@CoLi.Uni-SB.DE) Elmar Noth (noeth@informatik.uni-erlangen.de) Blaise Potard (potard@loria.fr) Stephen Shum (sshum@berkeley.edu) Young Chol Song (nskystars@gmail.com) Werner Spiegl (spiegl@informatik.uni-erlangen.de) Georg Stemmer (georg_stemmer@web.de) Puyang Xu (puyangxu@gmail.com)
Simulation analysis of a miniaturized electron optics of the massively parallel electron-beam direct-write (MPEBDW) for multi-column system (2017)

In this study, a simulation analysis of a miniaturized electron optics for the Multi-Column Massively Parallel Electron Beam Writing system is demonstrated. Analytical evaluation of space charge effect with prototype Massively Parallel Electron Beam Writing (MPEBW) system showed 2.86 nm blur in radius occurs on each beam with a convergence half angle of 3 mrad. The angle of each beam was increased to 10 mrad to reduce the space charge effect, the coulomb blur amount can be kept to less than 1 nm in radius. However, there was limitation to increasing the angle due to a spherical aberration. Since the beam current density from the electron emitter array in the prototype MPEBW system was 100 μA/cm<sup>2 </sup>and the total beam current was 1μA with 100×100 array of 10μm square emitter, the influence of coulomb blur was small. By contrast, considerably increasing the number of beams and the beam current are planned in near future in MPEBW. The coulomb blur and other aberrations will not be controlled by merely adjusting the beam convergence angle. In order to increase total beam current, miniaturized electron optics have been designed for Multi-beam+Multi-column system. Reduction lens in the designed miniaturized electron optics with crossover free to reduce the influence of coulomb repulsion with narrow convergence half angle. Unlike conventional methods, the electron beams as principal rays do not intersect at one point, so even if the beam becomes extremely narrow, the coulomb repulsion effect does not increase at the crossover area. The reduction of the entire size of parallel beams in the designed electron optics was confirmed by simulation software. The simulation results showed that least confusion disk of 6.5 nm size was obtained at the beam convergence half angles of 3 mrad corresponding to the incident beam of ±0.1 mrad divergence angle. It showed that the miniaturized electron optics was suitable for 10 nm order EB writing. The crossover free electron optics of the miniaturized electron optics is possible due to dispersing the intersection points of the principal rays by a combination of a concentric electron optics and a tapered lens electrode of the reduction lens.
Calculation of the Magnetic Hyperfine Constant of the Nitrogen Atom (1961)

The magnetic hyperfine constant for the $^{4}S_{\frac{3}{2}}$ state of the ${\mathrm{N}}^{14}$ atom has been calculated from a configuration interaction (CI) function built from the usual Hartree-Fock (HF) representation (where the orbitals are linear combinations of analytic functions) plus all singly-excited and some doubly-excited $s\ensuremath{\rightarrow}s$ configurations. We have found that the polarization of the $s$ orbitals can be reasonably well represented by a basis set consisting of two series of Laguerre polynomials each of which is multiplied by an exponential function. If the energy is minimized with respect to the exponents of all $s$ functions, then the calculated hyperfine constant appears to be in good agreement with experiment. For six $s$ functions, the magnetic constant is found to be 13 Mc/sec (experimental 10.45 Mc/sec). Using seven $s$ basis functions, the constant is 11 Mc/sec. We show in this paper that a configuration interaction function built from the usual HF representation plus all singly-excited $s\ensuremath{\rightarrow}s$ configurations is equivalent, to first order, to what L\"owdin has called the extended Hartree-Fock representation. In addition, we show that the magnetic constant calculated from the spin-polarized (or unrestricted Hartree-Fock) function should be relatively close to that calculated from the CI function of HF plus singly excited configurations.
In vivo mapping of the fast and slow diffusion tensors in human brain (2002)

Recent studies have shown that the diffusional signal decay in human brain is non-monoexponential and may be described in terms of compartmentalized water fractions. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), which provides information about tissue structure and orientation, typically uses b values up to 1000 s x mm(-2) so that the signal is dominated by the fast diffusing fraction. In this study b factors up to 3500 s x mm(-2) are utilized, allowing the diffusion tensor properties of the more slowly diffusing fraction to be mapped for the first time. The mean diffusivity (MD) of the slow diffusion tensor was found to exhibit strong white/gray matter (WM/GM) contrast. Maps depicting the principal direction of the slow tensor indicated alignment with the fast tensor and the known orientation of the WM pathways.
Simple shape space for 3D face registration (2009)

Three dimensional (3D) face recognition is a topic getting increasing interest in biometric applications. In our research framework we developed a laser scanner that provides 3D cloud information and texture data. In a user scenario with cooperative subjects with indoor light conditions, we address three problems of 3D face biometrics: the face registration, the formulation of a shape space together with a special designed gradient algorithm and the impact of initial approximation to the convergence of a registration algorithm. By defining the face registration as a problem of aligning a 3D data cloud with a predefined reference template, we solve the registration problem with a second order gradient algorithm working on a shape space designed for reducing the computational complexity of the method.
Activation of phospholipase C in human B cells is dependent on tyrosine phosphorylation. (1991)

Cross-linking of the surface antigen receptor on B lymphocytes has been demonstrated to lead to activation of phospholipase C (PLC) with subsequent increases in production of inositol phosphates and diacylglycerol. In turn, these second messengers increase cytosolic free calcium [( Ca2+]i) and activate the serine threonine phosphotransferase protein kinase C (PKC). These processes are thought to play a major role in B cell activation and proliferation. However, the mechanism linking the B lymphocyte antigen receptor to phospholipase C remains to be identified. We demonstrate herein that activation of the antigen receptor on human lymphocytes, in addition to activation of PLC, increases tyrosine phosphorylation of specific substrates. Tyrphostins, a new class of tyrosine kinase inhibitors which compete for substrate binding site of specific tyrosine kinases have recently been synthesized. Preincubation of B lymphocytes with two different tyrphostins blocked anti-IgM-induced proliferation, oncogene expression, tyrosine phosphorylation, increases in [Ca2+]i, and production of inositol phosphates. The same inhibitors were without effect on B cell proliferation induced by phorbol esters and cation ionophores which directly activate PKC and increase [Ca2+]i thus bypassing PLC. These findings strongly indicate that tyrphostins do not exhibit significant nonspecific toxicity and suggest that they act proximal to PLC. The ability of the tyrphostins to block increases in [Ca2+]i and inositol phosphate production, after activation of the B cell antigen receptor, indicates that a tyrosine kinase acts as an essential link between the B cell antigen receptor and PLC.
Renal Transporters in Drug Development (2012)

The kidney plays a vital role in the body's defense against potentially toxic xenobiotics and metabolic waste products through elimination pathways. In particular, secretory transporters in the proximal tubule are major determinants of the disposition of xenobiotics, including many prescription drugs. In the past decade, considerable progress has been made in understanding the impact of renal transporters on the disposition of many clinically used drugs. In addition, renal transporters have been implicated as sites for numerous clinically important drug-drug interactions. This review begins with a description of renal drug handling and presents relevant equations for the calculation of renal clearance, including filtration and secretory clearance. In addition, data on the localization, expression, substrates, and inhibitors of renal drug transporters are tabulated. The recent US Food and Drug Administration drug-drug interaction draft guidance as it pertains to the study of renal drug transporters is presented. Renal drug elimination in special populations and transporter splicing variants are also described.
Introduction to special issue on computers (1996)

computer: 1. One who computes corrections for geophysical data; a computer, 2. A machine capable of accepting information, applying prescribed processes to the data (a sequence of arithmetic and logical operations as requested by program instructions), and supplying the results to some output device. These definitions are from Sheriff’s Encyclopedic Dictionary of Exploration Geophysics (1991).
Predicting data structures for energy efficient computing (2015)

Dynamic data structures in software applications have been shown to have a large impact on system performance. In this paper, we explore energy saving opportunities of interface-based dynamic data structures. Our results suggest that opportunities do exist in the C5 Collection, at least 16.95% and up to 97.50%. We propose an architecture for building adaptive green data structures by applying machine learning tools to build a model for predicting energy efficient data structures. Our neural network model can classify energy efficient data structures based on features such as the number of elements, frequency of operations, interface and set/bag semantics. The 10-fold cross validation results show 96.01% accuracy on the training data and 95.80% on the training validation data. Our n-gram model can accurately predict the most energy efficient data structure sequence in 19 simulated and real-world programs-on average, with more than 50% accuracy and up to 98% using a bigram predictor.
Genetic characterization of the malaria parasite <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> in the transmission from the host to the vector (1998)

The present study followed a Plasmodium falciparum population through its life-cycle at the level of individual hosts and vectors. The aim was to determine to what extent genotypes of the parasite that were found in the host were transmitted to the vector. Mosquitoes were collected that had fed on people sleeping under mosquito nets with holes. Genes determining 2 highly polymorphic merozoite surface proteins, MSP-1 and MSP-2, were used to characterize the parasite by PCR at different stages of the life-cycle. The parasite genotypes found in the host were compared to the genotypes of the oocyst stages after transmission to the mosquitoes. The results show that there was no significant correlation in the rate of oocyst-positive mosquitoes and the presence of parasites in the blood samples. For MSP-1, most of the parasites characterized in the human blood by PCR fragment size were also found afterwards in the oocyst-stage (22 of 29; MSP-2: 17 of 36). This study indicates that there is no selective transmission of distinct genotypes to the vector. In addition, the frequencies of the allelic families of both genes are similar in the blood samples and in the oocysts for the whole population.
ChemInform Abstract: Difluorination of 2‐Substituted 1,1,1‐Tris(methylthio)ethanes by Oxidative Desulfurization‐Fluorination. A New Route to Partially Fluorinated Olefins. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Application Of Expert System Techniques To A Visual Tracker (1985)

A structure for visual tracking system is presented which relies on information developed from previous tracking scenarios stored in a knowledge base to enhance tracking performance. The system is comprised of a centroid tracker front end which supplies segmented image features to a data reduction algorithm which holds the reduced data in a temporary data base relation. This relation is then classified vio two separate modes, learn and track. Under learn mode, an external teacher-irector operator provides identification and weighting cues for membership in a long-term storage relation within a knowledge base. Track mode operates autonomously from the learn mode where the system determines feature validity by applying fuzzy set membership criteria to previously stored track information in the database. Results determined from the classification generate tracker directives which either enhance or permit current tracking to continue or cause the tracker to search for alternate targets based upon analysis of a global target tracking list. The classification algorithm is based on correlative analysis of the tracker's segmented output presentation after low pass filtering derives lower order harmonics of the feature. The fuzzy set membership criteria is based on size, rotation, Irame location, and past history of the feature. The first three factors are lin-ear operations on the spectra, while the last is generated as a context relation in the knowledge base. The context relation interlinks data between features to facilitate tracker operation during feature occlusion or presence of countermeasures.
Gamma Ray-Induced Graft Copolymerization of Styrene onto Bleached Jute Yarn (1964)

Polystyrene was grafted onto bleached jute yarn by irradiation of jute-styrene mix tures with Co 60 gamma rays under various conditions. No grafting occurred with styrene unless a jute swelling agent, such as water, methanol, ethanol, formic acid, acetic acid, dimethylformamide, or dimethylsulfoxide was added. For a fixed radiation dose and styrene-jute ratio, increasing amounts of water or any of the swelling agents increased the amount of polystyrene grafted to a maximum and then decreased it. With water as swelling agent, more polystyrene was grafted onto bleached jute than onto unbleached jute. With increasing radiation dose grafting increased slowly up to 2 megarads, and then increased approximately littearly with higher close. On heating the bleached-jute-styrene-water system after irradiation, further grafting occurred. The higher the radiation dose, the greater the resulting postirradiation graft ing on heating for a fixed time and temperature. Increase in radiation dose resulted in increased grafting, accompanied by increased twist, transverse swotting, and longitudinal shrinkage, and a sharp decrease in moisture regain. The tensile strength remained unaffected with 0.5-megarad exposure, increased with 1 megarad, and then decreased with higher doses.
Analysis of the Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Receptor Functional Domains by Chimeric Receptors and Cytokines (2003)

In contrast to other hematopoietic cytokine receptors, the leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) possesses two cytokine binding modules (CBMs). Previous studies suggested that the NH(2)-terminal CBM and the Ig-like domain of the LIFR are most important for LIF binding and activity. Using the recently engineered designer cytokine IC7, which induces an active heterodimer of the LIFR and gp130 after binding to the IL-6R, and several receptor chimeras of the LIFR and the interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) carrying the CBM of the IL-6R in place of the COOH-terminal LIFR CBM, we could assign individual receptor subdomains to individual binding sites of the ligand. The NH(2)-terminal CBM and the Ig-like domain of the LIFR bind to ligand site III, whereas the COOH-terminal CBM contacts site I. Furthermore, we show that LIFR mutants carrying the IL-6R CBM instead of the COOH-terminal CBM can replace the IL-6R by acting as an alpha-receptor for IL-6. However, in situations where a signaling competent receptor is bound at IL-6 site I, ligand binding to site III is an absolute requirement for participation of the receptor in a signaling heterodimer with gp130; i.e., a functional receptor complex of IL-6 type cytokines cannot be assembled solely via site I and II as in the growth hormone receptor complex.
The Biomechanical Results of Total Hip Resurfacing Arthroplasty (2004)

Therapeutic study, Level III-1 (case-control study). See Instructions to Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.