gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Engagement of CD153 (CD30 Ligand) by CD30+ T Cells Inhibits Class Switch DNA Recombination and Antibody Production in Human IgD+ IgM+ B Cells (2000)

CD153 (CD30 ligand) is a member of the TNF ligand/cytokine family expressed on the surface of human B cells. Upon exposure to IL-4, a critical Ig class switch-inducing cytokine, Ag-activated T cells express CD30, the CD153 receptor. The observation that dysregulated IgG, IgA, and/or IgE production is often associated with up-regulation of T cell CD30 prompted us to test the hypothesis that engagement of B cell CD153 by T cell CD30 modulates Ig class switching. In this study, we show that IgD+ IgM+ B cells up-regulate CD153 in the presence of CD154 (CD40 ligand), IL-4, and B cell Ag receptor engagement. In these cells, CD153 engagement by an agonistic anti-CD153 mAb or T cell CD30 inhibits S mu-->Sgamma, Smu-->Salpha, and S mu-->Sepsilon class switch DNA recombination (CSR). This inhibition is associated with decreased TNFR-associated factor-2 binding to CD40, decreased NF-kappaB binding to the CD40-responsive element of the Cgamma3 promoter, decreased Igamma3-Cgamma3 germline gene transcription, and decreased expression of Ku70, Ku80, DNA protein kinase, switch-associated protein-70, and Msh2 CSR-associated transcripts. In addition, CD153 engagement inhibits IgG, IgA, and IgE production, and this effect is associated with reduced levels of B lymphocyte maturation protein-1 transcripts, and increased binding of B cell-specific activation protein to the Ig 3' enhancer. These findings suggest that CD30+ T cells modulate CSR as well as IgG, IgA, and IgE production by inducing reverse signaling through B cell CD153.
A STUDY OF THE PURIFICATION AND PROPERTIES OF RICIN (1947)

Ricin, the highly toxic, hemagglutinating protein of the castor bean, has always been of great interest to the chemist and the immunologist (l-4), partly because it, may readily be obta.ined in considerable quantities. Earlier methods of preparation were carried out before the development of modern physicochemical and immunochemical methods for characterizing proteins and data are therefore lacking on the purity and homogeneity of the products obtained. In the present report a summary is given of a portion of a study carried out during 1943-45 in consultation and collaboration with other laboratories engaged in parallel investigations which, it is hoped, will soon be published. Since results and materials were freely exchanged, some of the data included here were obtained on material from other laboratories, as indicated in the text.
<i>Xenopus</i> Fibrinogen: Characterization of the mRNAs for the Three Subunits (1984)

We purified and characterized the mRNAs coding for each of the three subunits of Xenopus fibrinogen. Purification was accomplished by electrophoretic separation of liver polyadenylated RNA in a fully denaturing gel, followed by recovery of the RNA from the gel via transfer to an ion-exchange membrane. This procedure yielded fractions which were highly enriched for the mRNAs for each of the fibrinogen chains. The fibrinogen mRNAs were identified by two methods: (i) in vitro translation followed by subunit-specific cleavage with the proteases thrombin and batroxobin; and (ii) cross-hybridization with cDNA clones for individual subunits of rat fibrinogen. The results demonstrate that the A alpha and gamma chains of frog fibrinogen are each coded by a single mRNA species. The A alpha mRNA is ca. 3,100 nucleotides in length, which is nearly twice the minimum size required to code for the A alpha precursor polypeptide. The gamma chain mRNA comprises about 1,600 bases and includes only a small untranslated region. In contrast, the B beta subunit is synthesized from two mRNAs, one of which is 2,500 and the other 1,800 nucleotides long. The 2,500-base mRNA includes a large noncoding region, whereas the smaller one is near the minimum required size. The larger B beta mRNA is ca, fivefold more abundant that the smaller species.
A Comparative Analysis of the Osteogenic Effects of BMP-2, FGF-2, and VEGFA in a Calvarial Defect Model (2011)

The utilization of growth factors for bone regeneration is a widely studied field. Since the approval of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) for therapeutic use in humans, the concept of utilizing growth factors for bone regeneration in translational medicine has become even more attractive. Despite many studies published on individual growth factors in various bone models, comparative analysis is largely lacking. The aim of our study was to compare three different proosteogenic factors under identical in vivo conditions. Thus, we tested the bone regeneration capacity of the three different growth factors BMP-2, fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) in a calvarial defect model. We demonstrated that BMP-2 and VEGFA had similar bone healing capacities, resulting in complete calvarial healing as early as week 3. FGF-2 also showed a significantly higher bone regeneration capacity; however, the healing rate was lower than with BMP-2 and VEGFA. Interestingly, these findings were paralleled by an increased angiogenic response upon healing in BMP-2- and VEGFA-treated calvarial defects as compared with FGF-2. Immunohistochemistry for proliferating and osteoprogenitor cells revealed activity at different points after surgery among the groups. In conclusion, we demonstrated an efficient bone regeneration capacity of both BMP-2 and VEGFA, which was superior to FGF-2. Moreover, this study highlights the efficient bone regeneration of VEGFA, which was comparable with BMP-2. These data provide a valuable comparative analysis, which can be used to further optimize growth factor-based strategies in skeletal tissue engineering.
The Emergence of the Conserved AAA+ ATPases Pontin and Reptin on the Signaling Landscape <b>Meeting Information:</b> The First International Workshop on Pontin (RUVBL1) and Reptin (RUVBL2) took place at the European Institute for Chemistry and Biology in Pessac, France, 16 to 19 October 2012. (2013)

Pontin (also known as RUVBL1 and RVB1) and Reptin (also called RUVBL2 and RVB2) are related members of the large AAA+ (adenosine triphosphatase associated with diverse cellular activities) superfamily of conserved proteins. Various cellular functions depend on Pontin and Reptin, mostly because of their functions in the assembly of protein complexes that play a role in the regulation of cellular energetic metabolism, transcription, chromatin remodeling, and the DNA damage response. Little is known, though, about the interconnections between these multiple functions, how the relevant signaling pathways are regulated, whether the interconnections are affected in human disease, and whether components of these pathways are suitable targets for therapeutic intervention. The First International Workshop on Pontin (RUVBL1) and Reptin (RUVBL2), held between 16 and 19 October 2012, discussed the nature of the oligomeric organization of these proteins, their structures, their roles as partners in various protein complexes, and their involvement in cellular regulation, signaling, and pathophysiology, as well as their potential for therapeutic targeting. A major outcome of the meeting was a general consensus that most functions of Pontin and Reptin are related to their roles as chaperones or adaptor proteins that are important for the assembly and function of large signaling protein complexes.
Haptoglobin Hemoglobin Metabolism in Rabbits Studied with I131 and Fe59 Labelled Complexes. (1960)

1. Haptoglobin hemoglobin complex labelled with Fe59! or I131 injected into 13 rabbits was removed from the blood with half times of 110 minutes and 78 minutes respectively. 2. The complex did not significantly interfere with phagocytosis of carbon particles by the reticuloendothelial system and was not selectively removed by the liver during a single passage.
Quasi-Equilibrium Sedimentation Experiments with Rotor Deceleration (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTQuasi-Equilibrium Sedimentation Experiments with Rotor DecelerationIrwin Billick, Michael Schulz, and George WeissCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1967, 71, 8, 2496–2502Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1967Publication History Published online2 September 2003Published inissue 1 July 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100867a601https://doi.org/10.1021/j100867a601research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views17Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
COMPARATIVE ELECTROPHORESIS AND ISOZYME ANALYSIS OF SEED PROTEINS FROM CULTIVATED RACES OF SORGHUM (1975)

Comparative disc electrophoresis of acidic proteins, basic proteins, and isozymes of esterase, MDH, and peroxidase were performed with aqueous extracts of seeds from seven cultivars belonging to five races of Sorghum bicolor ssp. bicolor: bicolor, caudatum, durra, guinea, and kafir. Two disc electrophoretic systems were employed. Acidic proteins were electrophoresed in an anionic system (tris‐glycine buffer, p H 8.3). Basic proteins were electrophoresed in a cationic system (β‐alanin‐acetate buffer, p H 4.5). Soluble proteins were stained with Coomassie brilliant blue. Isozyme activity was detected by using specific enzyme stains and substrates. Each cultivar yielded reproducible, characteristic patterns of distinct acidic and basic proteins. Cultivars belonging to the same race produced identical protein and isozyme patterns. The degree of electrophoretic similarity among races was estimated by calculating similarity index values for each of the 10 possible pairs of races. Bicolor, caudatum, durra, and guinea produced very similar acidic and basic protein patterns and esterase, MDH, and peroxidase isozyme patterns. Differences, however, were observed among all races. All of kafir patterns were significantly different from the patterns of other races. Comparative electrophoresis may provide a new source of taxonomic characters for investigating phenetic and phylogenetic relationships in Sorghum.
Renal Phycomycosis (1973)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Jun 1973Renal Phycomycosis Claire Langston, Donald A. Roberts, George A. Porter, and William M. Bennett Claire LangstonClaire Langston , Donald A. RobertsDonald A. Roberts , George A. PorterGeorge A. Porter , and William M. BennettWilliam M. Bennett View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)60587-1AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail © 1973 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byWise G and Silver D (2018) Fungal Infections of the Genitourinary SystemJournal of Urology, VOL. 149, NO. 6, (1377-1388), Online publication date: 1-Jun-1993.Davila R, Moser S and Grosso L (2018) Renal Mucormycosis: A Case Report and Review of The LiteratureJournal of Urology, VOL. 145, NO. 6, (1242-1244), Online publication date: 1-Jun-1991.Dansky A, Lynne C and Politano V (2018) Disseminated Mucormycosis with Renal InvolvementJournal of Urology, VOL. 119, NO. 2, (275-277), Online publication date: 1-Feb-1978.Michigan S (2018) Genitourinary Fungal InfectionsJournal of Urology, VOL. 116, NO. 4, (390-397), Online publication date: 1-Oct-1976.Warshawsky A, Keiller D and Gittes R (2018) Bilateral Renal AspergillosisJournal of Urology, VOL. 113, NO. 1, (8-11), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1975. Volume 109Issue 6June 1973Page: 941-944 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1973 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Claire Langston More articles by this author Donald A. Roberts More articles by this author George A. Porter More articles by this author William M. Bennett More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Addition spectrum of a lateral dot from Coulomb and spin-blockade spectroscopy (2000)

Transport measurements are presented on a class of electrostatically defined lateral dots within a high mobility two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG). The design allows Coulomb blockade (CB) measurements to be performed on a single lateral dot containing 0, 1 to over 50 electrons. The CB measurements are enhanced by the spin polarized injection from and into 2DEG magnetic edge states. This combines the measurement of charge with the measurement of spin through spin-blockade spectroscopy. The results of Coulomb and spin-blockade spectroscopy for the first 45 electrons enable us to construct the addition spectrum of a lateral device. We also demonstrate that a lateral dot containing a single electron is an effective local probe of a 2DEG edge.
Potent Induction of Human γ Globin Gene Expression by Largazole, a New Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor. (2009)

Abstract Abstract 2022 Poster Board I-1044 Previous studies have demonstrated that Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors such as butyrate and several short chain fatty acids, can induce fetal hemoglobin in humans and animal models; however induction of Hb F is achieved in relatively high concentrations of these compounds. We have previously investigated the induction of human γ globin gene activity by the prototypical HDAC inhibitor, FK228. The results demonstrated that FK228 is a more potent γ globin gene inducer compared to other HDAC inhibitors we have tested before (Am J Hematol. 12:981). In this study, we investigated the induction of human γ globin gene function of largazole and it's thiol analogue in vitro in cultures of normal human adult BFUe and in vivo in the mice carrying a human γ globin transgene. Largazole is a HDAC inhibitor which was recently isolated from a marine vyanobacterium by Luesch and co-workers. Structural features of largazole, a macrocyclic depsopeptide, closely resemble those of FK228, FR901375 and spiruchostatin. We have reported that largazole and numerous synthetic analogues are highly potent Class I histone deacetylase inhibitors (J Am Chem Soc. 130:11219, J Am Chem Soc. 2009 Feb 4). We used flow cytometry to measure the in vitro effect of largazole and it's derivatives on the frequency of HbF-positive erythroblasts in BFUe cultures from normal individuals; real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used to measure the in vivo effects of largazole on human γ globin induction in γ transgenic mice carrying a human γ globin gene.. Our results show that largazole and it's thiol derivative are potent γ hemoglobin gene inducers. In the human BFUe cultures, largazole increased the levels of fetal hemoglobin positive cells from 21.9% (control level) to 62.8% at a concentration of 0.1μM; largazole thiol increased the levels of fetal hemoglobin positive cells to 62.0% at a concentration of 1μM. Transgenic mice carrying the human μLCR Aγ construct continue to express the human γ gene in the adult stage (Blood. 77:1326). Largazole was administered through IP injection at the dosages of 0.3mg/kg/day and 0.6mg/kg/day, 5 days per week, for 2 weeks to two cohorts of transgenic mice. Largazole at the dose of 0.3mg/kg/day increased the level of human γ mRNA at the end of injection by 160.7%; at a dose of 0.6mg/kg/day human γ mRNA increased by 174.7%. At the 0.6mg/kg/day dosage the level of fetal hemoglobin in the peripheral blood of the animals increased by 3.4 and 3.2 fold at day 21 and day 28, respectively. These results provide strong in vitro and in vivo evidence that Largazole and it's thiol analogue are potent HbF inducers acting at low concentrations, and thus provide promising alternatives to compounds currently considered for induction of Hb F in patients with sickle cell disease and thalassemia. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Differentially Regulated Epithelial Expression of an Eph Family Tyrosine Kinase (FHEK2) During Tracheal Surface Airway and Submucosal Gland Development (1997)

A ferret model was used to evaluate the potential role of an Eph family tyrosine kinase (fHek2) in tracheal development of surface airway epithelium and submucosal glands. A partial 2.6-kb cDNA fragment of fHek2 was isolated from a ferret tracheal/lung cDNA library. Sequence analysis demonstrated that this gene is the ortholog to the previously cloned human Hek2 gene. In situ hybridization analysis of fHek2 mRNA expression on ferret tracheal developmental time points revealed an expression pattern within a subset of surface airway epithelial cells which remained relatively constant throughout tracheal development (from -2 d in utero to adult). In contrast, developing tracheal submucosal glands at 3-day postnatal time points demonstrated little fHek2 mRNA expression. However, expression of fHek2 significantly increased more than 4-fold over the course of gland development to adulthood. These findings, which demonstrate a uniquely regulated pattern of fHek2 mRNA expression between surface airway epithelium and submucosal glands, have implications on regulatory processes which control differentiation and/or maturation of secretory structures in the lung. Such findings may be useful in further delineating the mechanisms which control cellular differentiation in the lung and how these processes are abnormally regulated in hypersecretory diseases such as chronic bronchitis, asthma, and cystic fibrosis.
A Library Approach to the Development of BenzaPhos: Highly Efficient Chiral Supramolecular Ligands for Asymmetric Hydrogenation (2012)

A library of chiral supramolecular ligands, named BenzaPhos, of straightforward preparation (two steps from commercially or readily available starting materials) and modular structure, was designed and synthesized. The ligands were screened in the search for new rhodium catalysts for the enantioselective hydrogenation of several benchmark and industrially relevant substrates. Once a series of hits were identified, structural modifications were introduced on three of the best ligands and a small second-generation library was created. Members of the latter library showed outstanding levels of activity and enantioselectivity in the hydrogenation of challenging olefins, such as enamide S4 and β-dehydroamino ester S5 (>99% ee: best value ever reported in both cases). A series of control experiments were undertaken to clarify the role of hydrogen bonding in determining the catalytic properties of the new ligands. The results of these experiments, together with those of computational studies carried out on four dihydride complexes involved in the catalytic hydrogenation of substrate S4, strongly suggest that a substrate orientation takes place in the catalytic cycle by formation of a hydrogen bond between the ligand amide oxygen atom and the substrate amide NH atom.
Characterization of Human Cortical and Trabecular Bone Structural Change by NMR and Micro-CT (2012)

The techniques of low-field pulsed proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spin relaxation and Micro-CT are described for assessment of structural changes of human cortical and trabecular bone in vitro. The technique involves spin-spin relaxation measurement and inversion spin-spin spectral analysis methods for NMR. From NMR measurement, the CPMG T2 relaxation data can be inverted to T2 relaxation distribution and this distribution then can be transformed to a pore size distribution with the longer relaxation times corresponding to larger pores. In Micro-CT measurement, each trabecular bone specimen was individually scanned using a micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) system and 12 micron dimensionally-isotropic voxels were reconstructed. Due to the resolution limitation, Micro-CT measurement on cortical bone was not success, however, NMR measurement was success for both cortical and trabecular bones.
Viral rescue of murine Glanzmann thrombasthenia (2005)

Comment on Fang et al, page [2671][1] 

The platelet integrin receptor, αIIbβ3, is central to the platelet's role in hemostasis and its absence results in the human bleeding disorder, Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT). In this issue of Blood , Fang and colleagues describe ex vivo viral transduction of
Investigation of the dynamic behavior of a bluff body diffusion flame using flame emission (1982)

The evaluation of a research combustor in a study conducted by Roquemore et al. (1980) revealed the presence of unsteady flame behavior in the recirculation zone. The present investigation is concerned with the characteristics of the flame turbules at different air and fuel flow rate conditions. High speed cine pictures and time resolved measurements of CH emissions were used to study the characteristics of the flame turbules. It was found that the velocity of flame turbules is determined by the annulus air jet injection velocity for almost all air and fuel flow conditions studied. The formation of flame turbules downstream of the recirculation zone is believed to occur because combustible fuel and air mixtures escape the recirculation zone in discrete packets separated by very lean regions of noncombustible gases.
Highly Selective Catalytic Hydrogenation of Arenes using Rhodium Nanoparticles Supported on Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (2008)

Rhodium nanoparticles (RhNPs; 4.9 ± 0.4 nm) supported on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (Rh/MWNT), prepared by simple microwave treatment, show a remarkable catalytic activity for arene hydrogenation with enhanced turnover numbers of ∼10000; disubstituted arenes show selective conversion of thermodynamically less favorable cis products (>80%). A series of arenes have been tested using various Rh-based catalysts, and a comparison of the results with that of reported rhodium catalysts shows unique selectivity under mild conditions.
FLUORIDE COMPLEXING OF U(VI) AND Pu(IV) IN SOLUTIONS CONTAINING Al(III) AND Zr(IV) (1964)

The relative amounts of fluoride complexing by Al(III), Zr(IV), Pu(IV), and U(VI) in solutions containing fluoride and mixtures of these cations was measured. The results can be used to estimate the optimum composition of solution for solvent extraction of U(VI) and Pu(IV). (auth)
Kinetics of population inversion in the active medium of an XeO* molecular laser emitting at green wavelengths (1976)

Stimulated emission was observed in the green part of the spectrum when an Xe-O/sub 2/ mixture was pumped with an electron beam. The stimulated emission was due to the /sup 1/S/sub 0/:/sup 1/S/sub 0/--/sup 1/S/sub 0/:/sup 1/D/sub 2/ transition in the XeO* molecules. An analysis was made of the population inversion mechanism. The power of the stimulated radiation and the time characteristics of the spontaneous radiation were investigated as a function of the composition, pressure, and temperature in Xe-O/sub 2/ mixtures. The rate constants of the quenching processes were determined in the temperature range 180--295degreeK. (AIP)