gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Cyclization of Alkoxy‐3‐aminoindan‐1‐ones. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Comparison of censored regression (CR) vs standard regression (SR) analyses for modeling relationships between minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and patient‐ and institution‐specific variables (2003)

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73 , P24–P24; doi:
Antimicrobial Resistance in Helicobacter and Campylobacter (2009)

Helicobacter and Campylobacter are Gram-negative spiral fl agellated bacteria that inhabit and cause diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Despite early microscopic observations of “Vibrio-like” organisms in blood, stool and gastric contents, the role of these two genera in infectious disease was established only recently. Campylobacter was fi rst generally accepted as an important fecal pathogen in the 1970s, when improvements in culture methods made it feasible to study the role of Campylobacter systematically in diarrheal disease (1). Today, it is recognized as one of the leading causes of foodborne gastroenteritis in the United States and worldwide, with Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli being the most commonly isolated species. It is also the most common antecedent microbial infection of Guillain–Barré syndrome (2). Campylobacter are enteric commensals in several animal hosts, which include various avian and mammalian species from which most infections are thought to originate. Helicobacter is a common microbial constituent of the mammalian gastric mucosa. Despite the fact that they commonly persist in the human stomach asymptomatically, infection by Helicobacter pylori is the most important risk factor for peptic ulcers and gastric cancers (3). The relatively recent realization of the importance of Campylobacter and Helicobacter in human illness has sparked intensive research over the past 20 years into the epidemiology, microbiology, and treatment of diseases caused by these organisms.
Decadal changes in the type and extent of Wetlands in Alaska using L-band SAR data &#x2014; A preliminary analysis (2014)

Northern peatlands are estimated to hold about 30 % of the total global pool of soil carbon or 13 % of the total terrestrial carbon in the biosphere [1]. The warmer, drier conditions being experienced throughout the Arctic appear to be accelerating both aerobic and anaerobic decomposition of northern peatland soils, thereby increasing emissions of methane (CH <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> ) and carbon dioxide (CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ) [2]. If continued, this trend could cause northern peatlands to become major sources of atmospheric carbon, with existing models predicting large increases in CH <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> emissions as CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> levels continue to rise [3]. To better understand sources, sinks, and net fluxes of atmospheric CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> and CH <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> validated high-resolution maps of the extent and distribution of northern wetlands are needed [4].
QuintPixel (2010)

Today's conventional Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD) are assembled with three primary colors (red, green, and blue: RGB). Further, the most common color gamut standards are defined in RGB-primary colors. Such a system lacks the capability to reproduce all of the real-surface colors; for example, sRGB cannot cover Pointer's real-surface color dataset which consists of the measurement over the existing colors in the world except self-luminous objects [Pointer 1980] at most of the hue angles (see Figure 1 right). However, recent developments on display devices have made it possible to have wider color gamut than before. However, as long as there are only three primary colors, such display system still cannot cover the real surface colors efficiently. An example of relatively wide gamut (DCI 2005) in Figure 1 still shows poor coverage ratio against Pointer's dataset.
Interferon‐γ limits Th1 lymphocyte adhesion to inflamed endothelium: A nitric oxide regulatory feedback mechanism (2008)

CD4(+) T helper (Th1 and Th2) cell localization to a site of inflammation is important for the development, maintenance and regulation of an immune response. The factors that regulate Th1 and Th2 cell recruitment into tissue are not fully understood. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of different cytokine microenvironments on the recruitment of Th1 and Th2 lymphocytes into tissue. Fluorescently labelled Th1 or Th2 lymphocyte-endothelial interactions were observed via intravital microscopy of the cytokine-treated cremaster muscle. Our results show that TNF-alpha alone is sufficient to maximally recruit Th1 cells. Surprisingly, treatment with TNF-alpha + IFN-gamma significantly decreased Th1 adhesion and emigration in comparison to TNF-alpha treatment alone. The decreased adhesion of Th1 cells in response to TNF-alpha + IFN-gamma reflected a decreased ability to bind to ICAM-1 and was iNOS-dependent. This phenomenon was not observed with Th2 cells. These results suggest that IFN-gamma may play a key immunomodulatory role in the recruitment of different T lymphocyte subsets. Indeed, blockade of IFN-gamma or iNOS function during the Th1-mediated contact hypersensitivity response resulted in an acceleration and exacerbation of the late-phase inflammatory response.
Singularity Analysis of Voltage Signals for PEM Fuel Cell Diagnosis (2013)

This work, done in the framework of the French ANR DIAPASON2 project, investigates the possibility of evaluating the impact of the cathode stoichiometric ratio (FSC) on the local behavior of the PEMFC voltage signals. To this aim, the strength of the voltage local regularity is estimated using a nonlinear method based on the pointwise Hölder exponent (h): each voltage point is associated to an exponent value between 0 and 1. The analysis shows that the h exponent characterizes rigorously the FSC signatures on the stack and cell voltages. On the one hand, the h exponent decreases when reducing FSC from the nominal value (FSC=2). On the other hand, h increases for 23.5. The results obtained reflect the strong singularity of the voltages resulting from low and high FSC. The proposed method is a promising diagnostic tool to achieve on-line characterizations of PEMFC dynamical behaviors.
Fluorinated heterocyclic compounds. 4‐fluoro‐2‐pyridone (1985)

Abstract The uracil analog, 4‐fluoro‐2‐pyridone was synthesized by ether cleavage of 4‐fluoro‐2‐methoxypyridine with trimethylsilyl iodide. Improved procedures for the preparations of 2‐methoxypyridine N ‐oxide hydrochloride and 2‐methoxy‐4‐nitropyridine N ‐oxide are described.
Magnetization hysteresis loop measurement with a spin-polarized metastable He* beam and an electromagnet of 1.8 kOe (2006)

An experimental apparatus for measuring the magnetization hysteresis loop with a spin-polarized metastable helium (He*) beam, which is an extremely surface-sensitive spin probe, and an electromagnet of 1.8 kOe was developed. The He* beam, spin polarized by optical pumping, was directed to the sample through a hole drilled in the Fe pole pieces of the electromagnet. The sample current difference when reversing the He* spin polarization was measured with a lock-in technique. The hysteresis loop of an Fe∕Cu(100) surface measured at 90 K is presented.
Effect of precipitation conditions on properties of lignin from the LignBoost process (2007)

In the recently established mammography screening programme, for the first time in Germany an extensive data collection for prompt quantification of specified quality parameters will be intrinsic to an early detection programme. Epidemiological parameters taken from the European Guidelines are central. This article outlines how epidemiology is involved in quality assurance of cancer screening and why epidemiological quality indicators will be quantified. The reasons for focussing on those parameters, on which the European Guidelines and now the German programme are based, and their significance in the long-term effectiveness of this programme are explained.
074 Action of an ORC/Collagen Matrix Containing Silver on the Prolonged Inflammatory Process in Chronic Wounds (2008)

The inflammatory phase of wound healing performs vital acts of host defense, removing invading microorganisms and or devitalized tissue. Characterized by an infiltration of neutrophils and monocytes, within hours of injury inflammation begins to effectively clear the wound in a strictly regulated manner in preparation for the following stages of repair and regeneration. Chronic wounds are varied in their etiology, resulting from many underlying pathologies. However, collectively they are often described as being in a persistent state of inflammation. Production of proinflammatory cytokines, proteinases and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in this unregulated manner can cause significant damage. By stopping the action of proinflammatory cytokines, further recruitment of neutrophils may be diminished, helping to stop protease production at its source. Chronic wound dressings that are able to help interrupt the self- perpetuating process may help to create the optimal wound healing environment. In this study we investigated the impact of silver and then an ORC/collagen matrix containing silver-ORC on the production of proinflammatory cytokines by lipopolysaccarhide (LPS) stimulated monocyte macrophages (THP-1 cells), an in vitro model of inflammation. The ability of the ORC/collagen matrix containing silver-ORC matrix to quench free radicals was also investigated. Results show that the ORC/collagen matrix containing silver-ORC is capable of reducing the levels of proinflammatory cytokines. This dressing also has antioxidant activity, quenching ROS. These influences on the biochemistry of a chronic wound may have an antiinflammatory action, limiting the destruction of new tissue and promoting wound closure.
Chain motion of partially deuterated polystyrene above the glass transition temperature as revealed by deuterium NMR spectroscopy (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChain motion of partially deuterated polystyrene above the glass transition temperature as revealed by deuterium NMR spectroscopyP. Mark Henrichs and Timothy E. LongCite this: Macromolecules 1991, 24, 1, 55–60Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00001a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00001a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views106Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Isolation of the Bacteriophage Lambda Receptor from <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1973)

A factor which inactivates the phage lambda can be extracted from Escherichia coli. This factor is a protein and is located in the outer membrane of the bacterial envelope. It is found in extracts of strains which are sensitive to phage lambda, but not in extracts of strains specifically resistant to this phage. We conclude that this factor is the lambda receptor, responsible for the specific adsorption of the phage lambda to E. coli cells. A partial purification of the lambda receptor is described. Inactivation of the phage by purified receptor is shown to be accompanied by the release of deoxyribonucleic acid from the phage.
Preparation of analogues of efaroxan and KU14R as potential imidazoline receptor subtype 3 ligands (2008)

Abstract magnified image The preparation and characterization of new analogues of the imidazoline insulin secretagogue efaroxan 1 are described. These include 1,2,4‐triazole, 1,3,4‐oxadiazole, pyrimidine, 1,4,5,6‐tetrahydropyrimidine and 1,2‐dihydro‐1,2,4,5‐tetrazine analogues. Bromination of 2,3‐dihydro‐2‐ethylbenzo[ b ]furan‐2‐carbonitrile 19 gives the 3,3‐dibromo analogue 28 , which is readily hydrolysed to the corresponding ketone 29 . Reduction of this ketone gives the alcohol 31 as a mixture of diastereoisomers that is converted to the fluoride 32 using diethylaminosulfur trifluoride.
Measurement of the inclusive charm cross section at 4.03 GeV and 4.14 GeV (2000)

The cross section for charmed meson production at $\sqrt{s}=4.03$ and 4.14 GeV has been measured with the Beijing Spectrometer. The measurement was made using $22.3 {\mathrm{pb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ of ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ data collected at 4.03 GeV and $1.5 {\mathrm{pb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ of ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ data collected at 4.14 GeV. Inclusive observed cross sections for the production of charged and neutral D mesons and momentum spectra are presented. Observed cross sections were radiatively corrected to obtain tree level cross sections. Measurements of the total hadronic cross section are obtained from the charmed meson cross section and an extrapolation of results from below the charm threshold.
Influenza M2 Inhibits CFTR Activity through its Ion Channel Function (2012)

We previously reported that co‐expression of the Influenza M2 hydrogen (H + ) channel, and CFTR in Xenopus oocytes downregulates CFTR activity and expression. We now hypothesize that the H + ion channel activity of M2 decreases vesicular pH which in turn alters the maturation or degradation of CFTR. To test this hypothesis we constructed M2 mutant cRNAs containing bulky amino acid side chain substitutions blocking H + transport. When injected in Xenopus oocytes, these cRNAs expressed similar levels of protein as the wild type (wt) (determined by western blotting) and trafficked to the plasma membrane (confirmed by immunoluminescence). When these mutant cRNAs were co‐expressed with CFTR, little to no decrease in cAMP‐activated, glyH‐101 sensitive, Cl‐ currents were observed. The decrease in total membrane protein was also significantly attenuated. Next we made an M2 cRNA endoplasmic reticulum (ER) targeted construct which does not reach the plasma membrane (Sakaguchi et al. 1996). No decrease in CFTR activity was observed when coexpressed with this construct. Further, incubation of CFTR cRNA injected Xenopus oocytes with ammonium chloride, which increases the pH vesicular organelles, significantly decreased CFTR activity in a dose dependent manner. Overall, these studies suggest that activation of M2 by acidic organelles, and the subsequent alkalization of vesicular pH, is essential to CFTR downregulation. Funding provided by NIHR01‐ HL031197
Fragmentation of vitamin B12 during 337 nm matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (1994)

Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization of vitamin B12 at 337 nm yields low abundances of the protonated molecule in time-of-flight mass spectra when the matrix α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid is used. A variety of fragment ions are observed in the time-of-flight mass spectra which may be assigned on the basis of previous studies of vitamin B12 fragmentation. When the matrix 4-hydroxy-3-iodo-5-nitrobenzoic acid is used, an abundant signal from the protonated molecule ion of vitamin B12 is produced. Fragment ions are still observed in the time-of-flight mass spectra but at much lower abundances. Studies of the influence of matrix-to-analyte ratio and desorbing laser intensity argue against direct photodissociation as the mechanism of fragment ion formation. Matrix choice appears to most strongly influence the internal energies of the laser-desorbed ions thereby controlling the fragmentation processes.
Mucopolysaccharidosis IVA: Submicroscopic deletion of 16q24.3 and a novel R386C mutation of n‐acetylgalactosamine‐6‐sulfate sulfatase gene in a classical Morquio disease (1996)

The N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfate sulfatase (GALNS) gene, which is responsible for autosomal recessive mucopolysaccharidosis IVA (MPSIVA), has been assigned to the long arm of chromosome 16, subregion 24.3, an area where the adenine phosophoribosyltransferase (APRT) gene and renal dipeptidase (DPEP I) gene are also localized. Molecular genetic studies on a severely affected patient with MPSIVA (Morquio disease), without karyotypic abnormality, revealed a partial submicroscopic deletion of 16q24.3 and a single point mutation on the other allele, with no functional GALNS activity. The patient, his mother, and siblings were hemizygous for GALNS and APRT loci, evidenced by informative RFLP and gene dosage analyses combined with a fluorescence in situ hybridization, utilizing a partial genomic clone of GALNS, but heterozygosity was retained at the DPEP I locus and proximal D16S7. Haplotyping of the family members revealed recombinational events between DPEP I locus and three other polymorphic loci on the paternal chromosome, localizing GALNS gene on the proximal side to DPEP I gene. As estimated from the genetic distance between two flanking markers of proximal D16S7 and distal DPEP I locus, size of the deletion was less than 3Mb. Mother of the boy and two older siblings were asymptomatic, despite this interstitial deletion of the Giemsa-light G band. The remaining paternal allele had no gene rearrangement but GALNS activity was not encoded as Arginine at 386 was replaced with Cysteine (R386C), suggesting this alteration accounts for the severe phenotype. Allelic loss of APRT is frequently observed in cancer tissues, thereby suggesting that the tumor suppressor gene locates near the APRT locus. No family member has evidence of any malignant disease. This study is apparently the first documentation of interstitial deletion of 16q24.3, involving GALNS and APRT genes. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Genetic Correction of PSA Values Using Sequence Variants Associated with PSA Levels (2010)

Measuring serum levels of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is the most common screening method for prostate cancer. However, PSA levels are affected by a number of factors apart from neoplasia. Notably, around 40% of the variability of PSA levels in the general population is accounted for by inherited factors, suggesting that it may be possible to improve both sensitivity and specificity by adjusting test results for genetic effects. To search for sequence variants that associate with PSA levels, we performed a genome-wide association study and follow-up analysis using PSA information from 15,757 Icelandic and 454 British men not diagnosed with prostate cancer. Overall, we detected a genome-wide significant association between PSA levels and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at six loci: 5p15.33 (rs2736098), 10q11 (rs10993994), 10q26 (rs10788160), 12q24 (rs11067228), 17q12 (rs4430796), and 19q13.33 [rs17632542 (KLK3: I179T)], each with P(combined) <3 × 10(-10). Among 3834 men who underwent a biopsy of the prostate, the 10q26, 12q24, and 19q13.33 alleles that associate with high PSA levels are associated with higher probability of a negative biopsy (odds ratio between 1.15 and 1.27). Assessment of association between the six loci and prostate cancer risk in 5325 cases and 41,417 controls from Iceland, the Netherlands, Spain, Romania, and the United States showed that the SNPs at 10q26 and 12q24 were exclusively associated with PSA levels, whereas the other four loci also were associated with prostate cancer risk. We propose that a personalized PSA cutoff value, based on genotype, should be used when deciding to perform a prostate biopsy.
Uraemic plasma decreases the expression of ABCA1, ABCG1 and cell-cycle genes in human coronary arterial endothelial cells (2006)

The down-regulation of genes involved in cell-cycle progression and cholesterol efflux from HCAECs exposed to uraemic conditions could contribute to enhancing endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis in patients with chronic renal failure.
The Imminent Complexity Quagmire in Pervasive Computing--Autonomic Agents a Solution? (2007)

This paper highlights the need for intrinsic self- management for next generation computing to combat the inherent complexity involved in the sheer scale of pervasive devices and connectivity. Through emerging lessons from a deployed Biometric Identification and Tracking System the recommendation from current available technologies is to utilize autonomic agents to provide the future requirements for self-management.
Metastatic cell attachment to and invasion of vascular endothelium and its underlying basal lamina using endothelial cell monolayers. (1983)

Cellular interactions during blood-borne transport of malignant cells, including the interactions of tumor cells with themselves, platelets, lymphocytes, blood components, and the vascular endothelium, can play important roles in metastasis formation. Since blood-borne metastasis often occurs to specific organ sites in vivo, recognition must occur between the circulating malignant cells and the vascular endothelium. We have used vascular endothelial cells and their underlying basal lamina-like matrix as targets for tumor cell interactions. Our findings indicate that highly metastatic tumor cells attach more rapidly and avidly to the endothelial basal lamina-like matrix than to the apical surfaces of the endothelial cells. Since the former contains cell adhesive molecules such as fibronectin and laminin, these molecules, as well as collagens and proteoglycans, may be collectively responsible for the higher rates of malignant cell binding to the basal lamina. Glycoproteins present on malignant cell surfaces are also important in these interactions, because inhibiting their biosynthesis with tunicamycin blocks blood-borne implantation and experimental metastasis formation and prevents malignant cell binding to endothelial cells or their basal lamina-like matrix. Invasion of blood vessel walls requires that malignant cells penetrate the endothelial cell layer and underlying basal lamina. Metastatic cells appear to perform these activities using degradative enzymes such as proteases and glycosidases that solubilize the major basal lamina components: glycoproteins, collagens, and proteoglycans. We have examined the degradation of basal lamina proteoglycan side chain glycosaminoglycans using purified tissue glycosaminoglycans as substrates. B16 melanoma cells of high organ colonization capacities possess higher levels of endoglycosidase activity against heparan sulfate than B16 cells of lower organ colonization potentials. The highly malignant B16 cells were capable of cleaving the heparan sulfate molecules at specific intrachain glucuronoside sites, producing intermediate molecular weight products.