gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diazotisation Rearrangement of Tosylhydrazones of ortho- and meta-Substituted-benzophenones and α-Substituted-acetophenones (Synthesis of Anilides) (1988)

Institute of Science, 15, Madam Cama Road, Bombay-400 032 <em>Manuscript received 25 January 1988, accepted 28 May 2988</em> <em>Ortho</em>- and <em>meta</em>-substituted-benzophenones (1a —g) and substituted-acetophenones (1h — i) were converted into tosylhydrazones (2a— i) by reacting with<em> p</em>-toluenesulphonyl­hydrazide. Conversion of 2a — i to the anilides (3a —i) was effected with the reagents H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and NaNO<sub>2</sub>, and was found to be as facile as In case of the <em>para</em>-substituted­benzophenone hydrazones.
Coupling of Immunostimulants to Live Cells through Metabolic Glycoengineering and Bioorthogonal Click Chemistry (2017)

The present study investigated the potential of metabolic glycoengineering followed by bioorthogonal click chemistry for introducing into cell-surface glycans different immunomodulating molecules. Mouse tumor models EG7 and MC38-OVA were treated with Ac4GalNAz and Ac4ManNAz followed by ligation of immunostimulants to modified cell-surface glycans of the living cells through bioorthogonal click chemistry. The presence of covalently bound oligosaccharide and oligonucleotide immunostimulants could be clearly established. The activation of a reporter macrophage cell line was determined. Depending on the tumor cell line, covalently and noncovalently bound CpG activated the macrophages by between 67 and 100% over controls. EG7 cells with covalently attached immunostimulants and controls were injected subcutaneously into C57BL/6 mice. All tumor cells subjected to the complete treatment with control molecules formed tumors like nontreated cells confirming cell viability. However, when CpG oligonucleotide was linked to cell-surface glycans, tumor growth was slowed significantly (60% reduction, n = 10, by covalently bound CpG compared to noncovalently bound CpG, n = 10). When mice that had not developed large tumors were challenged with unmodified EG7 cells, no new tumors developed, suggesting protection through the immune system.
TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR GENETIC POLYMORPHSMS CORRELATE WITH INFECTIONS AFTER LIVER TRANSPLANTATION1 (1999)

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is a pro-inflammatory mediator of the immune response to allogenic and infectious stimuli. Non-immunosuppressed individuals possessing a NcoI restriction enzyme site in the TNF gene locus produce less TNF-alpha in vitro and in vivo compared with individuals lacking this restriction site. We performed polymerase chain reaction amplification and restriction enzyme fragment length analysis of the TNF locus from 86 liver transplant recipients to determine if presence of the NcoI site is associated with the frequency of rejection or infection, time to rejection or infection, and patient and graft survival. We controlled for recipient primary diagnosis, age, sex, United Network for Organ Sharing status, year of transplant, type of immunosuppression, use of anti-lymphocyte agents, and graft ischemia time. Fifty-six recipients possessed the NcoI+/low TNF-alpha genotype and 30 were NcoI-/high TNF-alpha genotype. In the first year after transplant, there were no significant differences in the frequency, or time to first rejections or the overall number of rejection episodes between the two genotypes. NcoI+/low TNF-alpha genotype recipients had significantly more infections (1.52 vs. 0.87, P=0.014). In a linear regression, multivariate model controlling for all marginally significant variables, the NcoI+/low TNF-alpha genotype was still associated with significantly more infections (P=0.0031). Patient and graft survival were equal for the two groups. One implication of this study, in individuals genetically predetermined to be low TNF-alpha producers, is that additional inhibition of TNF-alpha production by routine immunosuppression may be excessive, rendering these individuals less able to respond to infectious stimuli. These patients may benefit from lower doses or withdrawal of corticosteroids.
VSSIM: Virtual machine based SSD simulator (2013)

In this paper, we present a virtual machine based SSD Simulator, VSSIM (Virtual SSD Simulator). VSSIM intends to address the issues of the trace driven simulation, e.g. trace re-scaling, accurate replay, etc. VSSIM operates on top of QEMU/KVM with software based SSD module. VSSIM runs in realtime and allows the user to measure both the host performance and the SSD behavior under various design choices. VSSIM can flexibly model the various hardware components, e.g. the number of channels, the number of ways, block size, page size, planes per chip, program, erase, read latency of NAND cells, channel switch delay, and way switch delay. VSSIM can also facilitate the implementation of the SSD firmware algorithms. To demonstrate the capability of VSSIM, we performed a number of case studies. The results of the simulation study deliver an important guideline in the firmware and hardware designs of future NAND based storage devices. Followings are some of the findings: (i) as the page size increases, the performance benefit of increasing the channel parallelism against increasing the way parallelism becomes less significant, (ii) due to the bi-modality in IO size distribution, FTL should be designed to handle multiple mapping granularity, (iii) hybrid mapping does not work in four or more way SSD due to severe log block fragmentation, (iv) as a performance metric, the Write Amplification Factor can be misleading, (v) compared to sequential write, random write operation can be benefited more from the channel level parallelism and therefore in multi-channel environment, it is beneficial to categorize larger fraction of IO as random. VSSIM is validated against commodity SSD, Intel X25M SSD. VSSIM models the sequential IO performance of X25M within 3% offset.
Connective Tissue III. Collagen and Hexosamine Content of Tissues of Rats of Different Ages. (1960)

1. The relation of age to collagen and hexosamine content of aorta, tendon and skin was studied in rats from 4 weeks to 2 1/2 years of age. Collagen content increased with age between 4 and 8 weeks in aorta and tendon; between 4 weeks and 8 months in skin. Hexosamine increased with age in aorta and decreased with age in tendon and skin.
Dynamic Performance Evaluation of a Computer Controlled Electric Power System (1972)

The paper presents the general dynamic evaluation problem of an Electric Power System under computer control. The philosophy and design techniques of a state-of-the-art digital load- frequency controller are outlined. Dynamic control criteria which will allow performance evaluation of this class of control are defined. Techniques of applying these criteria are presented, along with consideration of man-machine requirements for their evaluation. A trend recording technique suitable for performance evaluation with a control computer is described. Finally, simulation results and field test data are presented to illustrate dynamic performance evaluation of a controlled system.
The Effect of Buffer Systems on the Uptake of Acid Dyes by Wool and Nylon (1977)

For the measurement of adsorption of acid dyes by wool and nylon a dyebath pH of 4 can be achieved either by the use of aqueous solutions of acids, e.g. formic acetic or sulphuric acid or by the use of standard buffer solutions, e.g. acetic acid/sodium or ammonium acetate, phenylacetic acid/potassium phenylacetate or potassium hydrogen phthalate. In this work, wool yarn and nylon 6 filament have been dyed from aqueous solutions of C.I. Acid Reds 1 and 41 at a pH value of approximately 4.2 in the presence of either aqueous acetic acid or a selected pH 4 buffer. The effect of each buffer system on the rate of adsorption of each dye by wool and nylon fibres has thus been studied. It was found that, in some cases, the buffer system had a significant effect on the rate and extent of dye uptake. The use of potassium hydrogen phthalate, a primary pH standard, to produce a dyebath pH of 4.2 gave a greatly reduced adsorption of the two dyes by both fibres.
An implantable low power mixed signal telemetry chip for measurements of the frequency dependent impedance of transplanted kidneys for rejection control (2002)

The paper presents a low power mixed signal telemetry chip for measurements of the frequency dependent impedance of transplanted kidneys. The purpose of this chip is to observe in vivo, if there is any correlation between the impedance of the organic tissue and its healing or rejection process. In the case of correlation new diagnostic principles are possible. The chip consists of both a digital and an analog part. The digital part is mainly dedicated to the communication protocol. It includes also the power management with clock switches and power down signals according to the Petri net principle. The analog part generates the stimulating harmonic signal with the help of piecewise linear (PWL) sine functions, PWL is realized by switching four differently sized output transistors at a 16 times oversampling rate. The imaginary and real part of the impedance are measured by the four-probe method. An 8 bit analog to digital converter and a multifunctional digitally controlled sample-and-hold circuit are also implemented.
Lauric acid induce cell death in colon cancer cells mediated by the epidermal growth factor receptor downregulation: An in silico and in vitro study (2019)

Coconut oil (CO) is enriched with medium chain saturated fatty acids like lauric acid (LA), capric acid and caprylic acid, which are known to have several health benefits. LA, the predominant fatty acid in CO, is reported to possess anticancer activity mediated through oxidative stress-induced apoptosis; however, there is no clear information on its cellular signalling mechanism. The present study screened the anticancer potential of various fatty acids present in CO (capric acid, caprylic acid and LA) using in silico tools such as CDOCKER in Accelrys Discovery Studio by targeting proteins like epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), cyclin-dependent kinase and thymidine synthase (TS). The results were further confirmed using cell culture-based studies and quantitative PCR. Among the tested compounds, LA was found to be the most active and showed a higher affinity towards EGFR and TS. Corroborating with these results, LA-induced dose-dependent cytotoxicity towards HCT-15 (human colon cancer), HepG2 (human hepatocellular carcinoma) and Raw 264.7 (murine macrophages) cells exhibiting morphological characteristics of apoptosis. Further, in HCT-15 cells exposed to LA (30 and 50 µg/mL), the expression of EGFR was found to be downregulated by 1.33- and 1.58-fold. The study thus concludes that the anticancer activity of LA may be partially mediated by the downregulation of EGFR signalling and consequent reduction in cell viability through apoptosis. Since EGFR signalling is crucial in cancer cell survival and is a prime target in drug development, the present study has pharmacological significance.
Furnace pressure probe investigation (1981)

Several pressure probes of types used in fire endurance furnaces were tested at room temperature and compared in a furnace. None of the probes were capable of reliable static pressure measurement in a furnace environment.
Are There Gender Differences in Perceived Sexual Self-Efficacy Among African-American Adolescents? (2014)

Background: African American adolescents accounted for more than half of all HIV/AIDS cases in 2009. Behavioral Strategies are needed to help lessen the incidence of HIV/AIDS among this population.\nPurpose: The aim of his study was to examine sexual self-efficacy practices and beliefs among African American adolescents. We also examined gender differences between African American adolescents to better understand their perceptions of sexual self-efficacy, condom use intention, and other safer sex practices and beliefs. \nMethods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 214 African American adolescents using survey instruments to examine their beliefs, perception and intentions on the use of condoms, sexual self-efficacy and safe sex practices. Participants were recruited though a mass media campaign and local youth serving organizations within Sedgwick County, KS.\nResults: Our findings indicate significant differences exist between genders in perception of sexual self-efficacy among African American adolescents. Females were found to have higher perceived sexual self-efficacy compared to males. Having high negotiation skills and a sexual partner who approved of condom use were significant predictors for high perceived sexual self-efficacy. \nConclusions: African American adolescent females were more likely to have higher perceived sexual self-efficacy then African American male adolescents. Because of the dynamics that exist in male and female relationships and the mediating role sexual self-efficacy might play in engaging in safe sex practices, it is important to design gender specific interventions in order to curb the spread of HIV/AIDS and other STDS/STI’s.
Where Is Biology? (1952)

Where Is Biology? Get access Marston Bates Marston Bates Division of Medicine and Public Health, The Rockefeller Foundation. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar AIBS Bulletin, Volume 2, Issue 3, July 1952, Pages 15–17, https://doi.org/10.2307/1292375 Published: 01 July 1952
Traumatic Hyperextension/Hyperflexion of the Lumbar Vertebrae with Entrapment and Strangulation of Small Bowel: Case Report (2000)

Davis, Richard E. BA; Mittal, Sumeet K. MD; Perdikis, Galen MD; Richards, Alan T. MD, FACS; Fitzgibons , and Robert J. Jr. MD, FACS Author Information
A self-repairing polymer waveguide sensor (2011)

This paper presents experimental demonstrations of a self-repairing strain sensor waveguide created by self-writing in a photopolymerizable resin system. The sensor is fabricated between two multi-mode optical fibers via lightwaves in the ultraviolet (UV) wavelength range and operates as a sensor through interrogation of the power transmitted through the waveguide in the infrared (IR) wavelength range. After failure of the sensor occurs due to loading, the waveguide re-bridges the gap between the two optical fibers through the UV resin. The response of the original sensor and the self-repaired sensor to strain are measured and show similar behaviors.
A Targeted RNAi Screen for Genes Involved in Chromosome Morphogenesis and Nuclear Organization in the <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> Germline (2002)

We have implemented a functional genomics strategy to identify genes involved in chromosome morphogenesis and nuclear organization during meiotic prophase in the Caenorhabditis elegans germline. This approach took advantage of a gene-expression survey that used DNA microarray technology to identify genes preferentially expressed in the germline. We defined a subset of 192 germline-enriched genes whose expression profiles were similar to those of previously identified meiosis genes and designed a screen to identify genes for which inhibition by RNA interference (RNAi) elicited defects in function or development of the germline. We obtained strong germline phenotypes for 27% of the genes tested, indicating that this targeted approach greatly enriched for genes that function in the germline. In addition to genes involved in key meiotic prophase events, we identified genes involved in meiotic progression, germline proliferation, and chromosome organization and/or segregation during mitotic growth.
Optimal Action Extraction for Random Forests and Boosted Trees (2015)

Additive tree models (ATMs) are widely used for data mining and machine learning. Important examples of ATMs include random forest, adaboost (with decision trees as weak learners), and gradient boosted trees, and they are often referred to as the best off-the-shelf classifiers. Though capable of attaining high accuracy, ATMs are not well interpretable in the sense that they do not provide actionable knowledge for a given instance. This greatly limits the potential of ATMs on many applications such as medical prediction and business intelligence, where practitioners need suggestions on actions that can lead to desirable outcomes with minimum costs.
Pelvic floor muscle training versus no treatment, or inactive control treatments, for urinary incontinence in women (2014)

Based on the data available, we can be confident that PFMT can cure or improve symptoms of SUI and all other types of UI. It may reduce the number of leakage episodes, the quantity of leakage on the short pad tests in the clinic and symptoms on UI-specific symptom questionnaires. The authors of the one economic evaluation identified for the Brief Economic Commentary reported that the cost-effectiveness of PFMT looks promising. The findings of the review suggest that PFMT could be included in first-line conservative management programmes for women with UI. The long-term effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of PFMT needs to be further researched.
Spin-orbit interaction of a photon in an inhomogeneous medium (1992)

As light propagates in an optically inhomogeneous medium, bending and twisting of the beam cause the rotation of the polarization plane. This is the well-known Rytov-Vladimirsky effect or Berry phase. Considering this effect as the result of an interaction between the spin of the photon (polarization) and its orbital motion, one can expect the reverse effect. In fact, the additional angular shift of a trajectory of the circularly polarized beam (CPB) was recently studied for the particular case of an optical fiber. In this paper the spin-orbit interaction Hamiltonian is obtained both in geometrical optics and in wave optics. We have calculated also the effect of the transverse shift of CPB under refraction on the boundary of two media. The expressions for the angular shift of a trajectory of CPB in optical fibers with two types of refractive-index profiles have been obtained. Geometrical optics expressions can be applied for the typical waveguides only at lengths less than 0.05 cm. However, using the geometric optical picture we can successfully describe statistical properties of speckle patterns of laser radiation as it propagates at a considerable distance.
Proton rotating frame spin-lattice relaxation study of slow motion of pore water (1998)

Proton rotating frame spin-lattice relaxation times of water in hydrated porous silica glass, with pore diameters of 7.4, 23.7, 49.1, and 54.8 nm, are reported. Experiments were limited to hydrations corresponding to more than one-third hydrated pore volumes. The frequency dependence of the relaxation rates reveals a slow motion of pore water with a characteristic correlation time of ∼10−5 s. Within the limits given above, this correlation time depends on pore dimension and hydration only slightly. This indicates that the surface water molecules, which reorient with a characteristic time of ∼10−8 s, are changing their orientational axis with the slower correlation time ∼10−5 s. This process, which disrupts the nearby water molecules, depends primarily on the environment in the vicinity of the molecule’s original binding site. The analysis, based on the two-site fast exchange model, indicates that in small pores all the water may be affected by these slow jumps.
Study on the Variation of Components from Scutellariae Radix by Processing and Storage Condition (2007)

Objective : This study was observed the variation of components from Scutellariae Radix (SR) by processing and storage. Methods : The main component of SR is analysed after various processing and also storage condition by HPLC. Result : 1. In wine-fried SR, the contents of baicalein, wogonin and oroxylin-A was significantly increased. However, the content of baicalin was decreased slightly. In charred SR, the contents of baicalein, wogonin and oroxylin- A was significantly increased. However, the content of baicalin was decreased greatly. 2. The contents variation of SR was not almost changed in room and cold condition. But in accelerated condition, the content of baicalin was slightly decreased, and the contents of baicalein, wogonin and oroxylin-A was significantly increased. 3. The contents variation of wine-fried SR was not almost changed in room and cold condition. But in accelerated condition, the content of baicalin was signifjcantly decreased. 4. The contents variation of charred SR was not almost changed in all conditions. Conclusion : The bioactivity of SR and wine fried SR might be changed by the contents varition during longterm storage. charred SR can be preserved more than two years in room and cold condition.
Recent progress in zinc-bromine flow battery energy storage technologies (2013)

The use of zinc-bromine flow battery technologies has a number of advantages for large-scale electrical energy storage applications including low cost,long service life and environmental friendliness.It has a huge potential for a high extent of renewable energy penetration,distributed generation and smart grid.This paper briefly introduces the principle and component configuration of zinc-bromine flow batteries,analyzes their characteristics,and reviews recent state-of-art development in the area.Finally,recommendations for future research are proposed.
Abundance of tRNA-derived small RNAs in phosphate-starved Arabidopsis roots (2010)

Several research advances have indicated an important role of transfer RNA (tRNA)-derived small RNAs in modulating developmental processes or stress responses. Recently, from the deep sequencing of small RNAs in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), we identified a new class of 19-nucleotide (nt) small RNAs corresponding to the 5' end of tRNA accumulated at high levels in phosphate-starved roots. In two very recent studies, 19-nt tRNA fragments were also observed in human cells, suggesting their widespread nature. In our study, tRNA halves cleaved at the anticodon loop, the most common tRNA fragments found, were predominant in roots. These results showed a spatial and temporal expression pattern of small RNAs derived from specific cleavage of tRNA molecules. Although the function of these tRNA-derived small RNAs under phosphate deficiency remains unknown, their diversity, biogenesis and potential function are henceforth summarized and discussed. Certainly, they will emerge as a novel class of regulatory small RNAs.
Procaine administration and behavioral responsivity in post-traumatic stress disorder: a pilot study of tolerability (1999)

Procaine, a local anesthetic, selectively activates the anterior limbic region of the brain, including the anterior cingulate, and may produce powerful emotional and other behavioral responses (including psychotic symptoms) in humans. In a pilot study, we administered intravenous procaine and placebo (saline) to nine combat veterans with PTSD at a dose of procaine known to produce significant behavioral responses in healthy subjects (1·38 mg/kg). All but one PTSD patient had mild to moderate, subjective responses to procaine that were statistically elevated on a procaine symptom rating scale (p<0·01) compared with saline. Symptoms that occurred only during the procaine infusion included anxiety or euphoria, auditory and visual hallucinations or illusions, and certain physical symptoms such as paresthesias. Two of the nine patients had specific PTSD reexperiencing symptoms. However, all patients tolerated the procedure well and, in eight of the patients, symptoms resolved within 5–10 min of procaine administration. One patient had possible dissociative symptoms up to 1 h after procaine that resolved without a recurrence. No patient had a persistent exacerbation of PTSD symptoms. This pilot study suggests that procaine may be a feasible pharmacologic probe to test anterior limbic function in PTSD. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.