gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Multi-Technique Investigation of the Pulsed Plasma and Plasma Polymers of Acrylic Acid:  Millisecond Pulse Regime (2002)

Acrylic acid plasma polymers have been fabricated from pulsed 13.56 MHz RF plasmas in a “capacitively” coupled plasma deposition chamber. Plasma “on” and “off” (ton/off) times in the millisecond (ms) pulse time regime have been investigated using a peak plasma power of 50 W. Employing a fixed ton (5 ms), the effect of toff (2−1000 ms) on the solid-phase plasma polymer has been investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF SIMS). For the first time, mass spectrometry has been employed to monitor the neutral and charged species in pulsed plasma (gas-phase) as a function of toff. These measurements are supported by quartz crystal mass balance (QCMB) deposition rate measurements. Throughout the study, comparison with continuous (CW) wave plasmas of equivalent “average” power has been made.XPS analyses revealed that with increased toff (i.e., lower “average” power) the extent of carboxyl retention increased from <33% at a toff of 5 ms to ca. 66% at a toff of 1000 ms. The SIMS data indicate at low-average power (0.2 W) a linear polymer, closely resembling conventional acrylic acid, is deposited.The mass spectral data indicate that the principal affect of toff is on the amount of intact (uncharged) acrylic acid in the system. This is shown by monitoring the signal from the molecular ion of acrylic acid (m/z 72, M•+) in the electron impact mass spectra of the neutral plasma species. Positively charged species were readily detected with ions of m/z > 73 [M + H]+ present at all toff. These ions correspond to oligomers of the form [nM + H]+, where n = 2 or 3, or fragments resulting from the loss of, for example, H2O. The extent of oligomerization is inversely proportional to the average plasma power.In pulsed plasma, the deposition rate (ng/s) increased with average plasma power. A plot of deposition mass per cycle (ng/cycle) shows the increasing importance of radical chemistry in plasma polymer growth at longer toff. Deposition continues for up to 500 ms after the plasma is switched off. The gas-phase mass spectrometric and QCMB data substantiate the importance of radicals in plasma polymer growth at longer toff and we estimate that under the plasma operating conditions employed the radicals' (average) lifetime t1/2 is about 250 ms.
GC/MS Comparison of the West Indian Aphrodisiac “Love Stone” to the Chinese Medication “Chan Su”: Bufotenine and Related Bufadienolides (1996)

The death of a 23-year-old man resulting from digoxin-like toxicity and heart failure was attributed to ingestion of a West Indian aphrodisiac known as "Love Stone." GC/MS analyses identified bufotenine, a controlled substance under both US and New York State statutes. In addition, a series of bufadienolides, namely resibufogenin, bufalin, and cinobufagin, were also identified. Bufadienolides, which are derived from toad venom or secretions, are cardiotonic steroids that cause symptoms similar to digoxin. GC/MS analyses of the Chinese medication "Chan Su," a product derived from toads, produced a highly similar elution profile and contained the same compounds as "Love Stone." The data demonstrate that the aphrodisiac was also derived from toads.
SDN controller for network-aware adaptive orchestration in dynamic service chaining (2016)

This paper presents an SDN orchestrator that offers adaptive path provisioning in dynamic service chaining to recover from congestion events throughout service chain paths. Moreover, the SDN orchestrator exposes a Northbound interface based on REST principles and on the Intent-Based Network Modeling Language data model that allows applications to describe their requirements for the network (including dynamic service chaining) without being concerned with low-level implementation details. Experiments in an emulated network environment have been carried out to show the feasibility of the approach and to evaluate the effectiveness of the orchestration process in terms of network resource usage and adaptation overhead.
Beginning the National Conversation We Have to Have (2008)

The article appreciates the new approach made by the Australian Government in solving the problem of homelessness. So far policies and practices have been driven by organizational goals and not the reality of how responses impact on the lives of disadvantaged Australians. The Green Paper focuses on giving people a home whatever mix of services, design and affordability it takes.
Transport Proteins in Bacteria: Common Themes in Their Design (1992)

Bacterial transport proteins mediate passive and active transport of small solutes across membranes. Comparison of amino acid sequences shows strong conservation not only among bacterial transporters, but also between them and many transporters of animal cells; thus the study of bacterial transporters is expected to contribute to our understanding of transporters in more complex cells. During the last few years, structures of three bacterial outer membrane transporters were solved by x-ray crystallography. Much progress has also occurred in the biochemical and molecular genetic studies of transporters in the cytoplasmic membranes of bacteria, and a unifying design among membrane transporters is gradually emerging. Common structural motives and evolutionary origins among transporters with diverse energy-coupling mechanisms suggest that many transporters contain a central module forming a transmembrane channel through which the solute may pass. Energy-coupling mechanisms can be viewed as secondary features added on to these fundamental translocation units.
Late Outgrowth Endothelial Cells Derived From Wharton Jelly in Human Umbilical Cord Reduce Neointimal Formation After Vascular Injury (2009)

Objectives— The number of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) that can be obtained from adult bone marrow and peripheral blood to treat cardiovascular diseases is limited. The goal was to examine the endothelial potential of Wharton jelly in human umbilical cord (WJC)-derived stem cells and evaluate their potential to affect neointimal formation after vascular injury. Methods and Results— Mesenchymal cells (MCs) were isolated from WJC and cultured in endothelial growth medium. Differentiation into late outgrowth endothelial cells (WJC-OECs) was demonstrated by incorporation of acetylated low-density lipoprotein and expression of the endothelial-specific markers. Transplantation of these cells into wire-injured femoral arteries in mice led to rapid reendothelialization. At 4 weeks after injury, the neointima/media area ratio was reduced and strong expression of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) compared to saline-or MC- or cord blood-OEC-treated mice. WJC-OECs-conditioned medium has an extremely str...
Short-term and long-term neuropsychological consequences of cardiac surgery with extracorporeal circulation (1997)

We conclude that an important proportion of the cognitive impairment after cardiac surgery is likely to be due to nonspecific effects of surgery.
Mobile robot for retail surveying and inventory using visual and textual analysis of monocular pictures based on deep learning (2017)

This paper describes a novel system for automating data collection and surveying in a retail store using mobile robots. The manpower cost for surveying and monitoring the shelves in retail stores are high, because of which these activities are not repeated frequently causing reduced customer satisfaction and loss of revenue. Further, the accuracy of data collected may be improved by avoiding human related factors. We use a mobile robot platform with on-board cameras to monitor the shelves autonomously (based on indoor UWB Localization and planning). The robot is designed to facilitate automatic detection of Shelf Out of Stock (SOOS) situations. The paper contribution is an approach to estimate the overall stock assortment based of pictures from both visual and textual clues. Based on visual and textual features extracted from two trained Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), the type of the product is identified by a machine learning classifier. The approach was applied and tested on a newly collected dataset and several machine learning algorithms are compared. The experiments yield high accuracy, demonstrating the effectiveness and suitability of the proposed approach, also in comparison of existing state of the art SOOS solutions.
Effects of 3D virtual reality of plate tectonics on fifth grade students' achievement and attitude toward science (2006)

Abstract This study examines the effects of a teaching method using 3D virtual reality simulations on achievement and attitude toward science. An experiment was conducted with fifth-grade students (N = 41) to examine the effects of 3D simulations, designed to support inquiry-based science curriculum. An ANOVA analysis revealed that the 3D group scored significantly higher on the achievement test (F = 7.03, p < .05) than the control group using traditional 2D visuals. A positive change of attitude toward science was identified in both 3D and 2D groups, but it was not statistically significant. A robust regression analysis revealed that neither gender nor ethnicity had any significant effect on achievement tests or attitude. However, prior attitude had a significant determining effect for later attitude in both groups. Acknowledgements This work has been supported in part by US Satellite Laboratory, a NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) funded organization. Also, important contributions to the development of the curriculum and technology discussed in this article were made by Glen Shuster, Claudia Olaciregui, Christopher Wesselman, Shawn Kim, Meghan Marrero, and Tara Alvarez.
The Utilization of Acetate in Rat Liver after Whole-body Roentgen Irradiation (1959)

SummaryThe acetylation of sulphanilamide and the synthesis of fatty acids from 2-14C-acetate in rat liver after 450 r whole-body roentgen irradiation was studied.A depression in the liver's acetylating capacity and fatty acid synthesis was found the third day after irradiation.Cysteamine given before irradiation had no protective effect, but depressed itself the acetylation of sulphanilamide.The iodine number of the fatty acids decreased after irradiation and returned to normal on the seventh day after irradiation.
Automatic Physiognomic Analysis by Classifying Facial Component Feature (2006)

This paper presents a method for generating physiognomic information from facial images, by analyzing features of facial components. The physical personality of the face can be modeled by the combination of facial feature components. The facial region is detected from an input image, in order to analyze the various facial feature components. Then, the gender of the subject is subsequently classified, and facial components are extracted. The Active Appearance Model (AAM) is used to extract facial feature points. From these facial feature points, 16 measures are computed to distinguish each facial component into defined classes, such as large eye, small mouth, and so on. After classifying facial components with each classification criterion and gender of subject, physiognomic information is generated by combining the classified results of each classification criteria. The proposed method has been tested with 200 persons’ samples. The proposed method achieved a classification rate of 85.5% for all facial components feature.
Oxidation reactions using water, hydrogen peroxide and halogens to give pallada(IV)cyclopentane complexes PdX(C 4 H 8 ){(pz) 3 BH} (X = OH, Cl, Br, I). The X-ray strucutre of the hydroxoplatinum(IV) complex Pt(OH)Me 2 {(pz)3BH}, formed using water as an oxidant (1995)

The pallada(II)cyclopentane reagent [Pd(C 4H 8{(pz) 3BH}] -, generated by addition of potassium tris(pyrazol-1-yl)borate to the tetramethylethylenediamine analogue, reacts with water or hydrogen peroxide to give hydroxopalladium(IV) complex Pd(OH)(C 4H 8){(pz) 3BH}. Similar oxidation reactions occur with phenyliodonium dichloride, bromine and iodine to give PdX(C 4H 8){(pz) 3BH} (X = Cl, Br, I). The hydroxoplatinum(IV) complex Pt(OH)Me 2{(pz) 3BH} has been obtaine reaction of [PtMe 2(SEt 2)] 2 with K[(pz) 3BH], followed by addition of water, and its structure determined by an X-ray diffraction study. Â© 1995.
Increased Concentrations of Eosinophilic Cationic Protein in Whole-Gut Lavage Fluid From Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease (1999)

Elevated intestinal eosinophilic cationic protein levels in inflammatory bowel disease suggest that eosinophils are involved in the gastrointestinal inflammation in this disease. Intestinal eosinophilic cationic protein concentration is another marker with which to discriminate between active and inactive inflammatory bowel disease.
Effect of team level on skill performance in volleyball (2004)

The present paper studies the effect of a team’s level on the performance of skills (serve, reception, spike, block and dig) in high level volleyball. Thirtythree male matches and 23 female matches of the Olympic Games of Sydney 2000 were recorded and analyzed. The performance of skills was evaluated in relation to the success and options that these skills give to one’s team and to the opposite team. The team’s level was established in relation to the final classification of the team in the competition (level 1: 1st - 4th ; level 2: 5th - 8th ; & level 3: 9th - 12th). Ten observers participated in the study. Inter- and intra-observer reliability coefficients of the studied variables were calculated (r > 0.92) after training and during the analysis. In males, the results show a significant difference between teams’ levels for the skills of spiking and blocking. The block is the skill that differentiates the teams of level 1 with the teams of level 2. A reduction of error in relation to the level of the team is observed. In females, we found a significant difference in the performance of the spike in the teams of level 1. An increase in success of reception, spike, block and dig in relation to the level of the team is observed.
[Xeroradiography for cervical myelography using metrizamide (amipaque) (author's transl)]. (1978)

Computer simulations create a context that is well fitted for exploratory or discovery learning. The aim of the present two studies was to gain deeper insight into what constitutes exploratory learning and to assess the effects of a number of instructional support measures. The domain involved was control theory at the university level. In the first study we made an inventory of exploratory learning processes by observing 17 students working with a computer simulation and analyzing students' thinking-aloud protocols. Subjects received a structured assignment with hints as an instructional support measure. In the second study, 91 students received an open-ended assignment with instructional support that consisted of an information sheet and a set of fill-in forms. On both sheets and forms, six cells were presented. A cell was given for each of the following six learning processes: identifying variables and parameters, generating hypotheses, designing an experiment, predicting, interpreting data, and drawing of conclusions. Information sheets were either of a domain specific or of a general nature. The set of fill-in forms were either free or had the cell HYPOTHESIS already filled in. The statements of the students on the fill-in forms were analyzed in a stepwise order. Twenty-two detailed learning processes were identified and classified. Two of the main classes of processes are transformative and regulative. Both studies showed that students were reluctant to apply learning processes that are considered characteristic for exploratory learning. Furthermore, students had problems with the exploratory learning processes, especially with the processes of generating hypotheses, interpreting data, and drawing conclusions. Effects of the instructional support measures were not conclusive. Hints did not result in significant improvements of the study process. Supporting learning processes with information sheets appeared to help students in performing learning processes, but no different effects of domain specific and general information could be found. Students who were provided with hypotheses showed a higher global activity level and higher scores in domain correctness of their learning processes.
A Comparison Between Blind and Nerve Stimulation Guided Obturator Nerve Block in Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor (2012)

Transvesical ONB is a safe and effective method of ONB before TURBT. This method is feasible by urologists and promising even without nerve stimulation and only by anatomic landmarks.
Editors' Introduction (1975)

Abstract This issue of Soviet Education provides examples of the "state of the art" in the economics of higher education in the Soviet Union. The articles translated are taken mostly from the first two sections of Economics of Higher Education (Materials of the All-Union Scientific Conference on the Economics of Education),* published in 1973 by the University of Kazan Press, for the USSR Ministry of Higher and Secondary Specialized Education and the Kazan State University (Ul'ianov-Lenin University). The conference in question was held at the end of 1971 at Kazan University. Dr. V. A. Zhamin, a noted figure in the economics of education in the Soviet Union, has acted as editor-in-chief, and contributes the lead article.
Synthesis and chlorinolysis of 2H-1,2,3-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide (1969)

J. F. King, A. Hawson, D. M. Deaken and J. Komery, J. Chem. Soc. D, 1969, 33 DOI: 10.1039/C29690000033
Construction of Yeast Strain Capable of Co-Fermenting Pentose and Hexose by Protoplast Fusion (2013)

Saccharomyces cerevisiae R40 and Pachysolen tannophilus P01 were used as the parental strain to construct an engineering strain capable of co-fermenting pentose and hexose by protoplast fusion. A fusant F202 was obtained through inactivating parental protoplasts, screening with YPX solid medium and high glucose liquid medium, ethanol production capacity detecting and identification with PCR-SSR technique. Subsequently, the fermentation performance and genetic stability of F202 was studied. The maximum ethanol production capacity from glucose was 1.47 ml/100 ml with a sugar and alcohol conversion rate 47% which was 11% higher than the parental strain P01. By fermenting xylose the ethanol concentration could achieve to 0.58 ml/100 ml with a sugar and alcohol conversion rate 12%. An ethanol concentration of 1.2 ml/100 ml was obtained by fermenting the mixture of xylose and glucose (mass ratio 1:2). Moreover, no decrease in ethanol yield after 8 generations propagation suggested fustant 202 possessed good genetic stability.
Stereovision-Based Guidance Line Detection Method for Auto-guidance system on Furrow Irrigated Fields (2018)

Furrow irrigation, which is conducted by creating parallel channels along the field length, is a cultivation method widely used for growing row crops such as hot pepper, garlic, soybean and tree crops. These artificially structured parallel channels, commonly referred to as ridge-furrow, can provide guidance to autonomous tractors with its characteristic of undulating surface. This study reports the development of a stereovision-based guidance line detection system applicable to ridge-furrow cropping fields. The algorithm implemented in the detection system consisted of two different phases, i.e., splitting depth images into two parts (ridge and furrow) and extracting a guidance line from the split images. Through the image binarization method based on a distance transform and image segmentation method, the depth image was divided into two regions of ridge and furrow and the boundary points of each region were then detected. The second phase extracted a guidance line from the detected boundary points based on linear regression. The guidance lines detected by the developed algorithm were compared with those manually labelled, and the results were RMSEs of 0.02 m and 0.63 degree in lateral deviation and heading angle, respectively. Further, the stereo camera was installed on a tractor and field tests were proceeded on a straight and regularly spaced ridge and furrow field. As a result, the RMSE of lateral deviation measured by a RTK-GPS was 1.37 cm at 3 km/s.
TECHNICAL BRIEF Polymer Thick Film Resistors: Applicationand Design Criteria (1997)

Polymer thick film (PTF) resistors have been effectively used for many years in consumer goods like timers, motor controls, computers and a wide variety of high performance equipment. The potential for this technology has reached only a small portion of the market; its full potential is still to be determined. The cost savings relationship of printed resistors should be considered by factoring the design and the number of resistors printed. Printed resistor savings vs discrete component costs can be a factor of three. This is dependent on the number of printed resistors per board of the same sheet resistance (based on 400 printed resistors of the same sheet resistant values on a 18 × 24 panel vs discrete components). By minimising the printing operations, resistor costs will be effectively controlled. Resistive ranges of thick film material are from 1 ohm to 10 Mega Ohm.The printing quality of resistors may vary from 10‐20%; however, resistors may be trimmed to 1% in value. Many values of resistors may be achieved with the same decade of resistor pastes. The determining factor is the design and layout of the circuit. The power rating of the printed resistor is proportional to the geometric surface area and is highly dependent on the substrate selection. The ability for resistors to be printed and buried into the multilayer will give design engineers more flexibility in active circuit density. Up to a 30% increase in surface area may be realised if resistors are buried into the inner layer of the PCB or under other surface components.
Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Water‐soluble Chitin Derivatives (1997)

Diethylaminoethyl–chitin (DEAE–chitin) was synthesized by introducing DEAE groups onto the C(6)–OH in chitin. DEAE–chitin was N-deacetylated by heating in aqueous 10% sodium hydroxide containing sodium borohydride to prepare the diethylaminoethyl–chitosan (DEAE–chitosan). In addition, DEAE–chitin was quaternized with ethyl halide to produce triethylaminoethyl–chitin (TEAE–chitin). Their antibacterial activities were evaluated by using colony count against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by means of shake flask method. The antibacterial activity was found to increase in order of DEAE–chitin, DEAE–chitosan, TEAE–chitin. DEAE–chitin was hydrolyzed by enzymes to investigate the effect of molecular weight on its antibacterial activities. The antibacterial activity was dependent on the structure, particularly on the molecular weight of chitin derivatives. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Leading-zero anticipatory logics for fast floating addition with carry propagation signal (2002)

A new leading zero anticipatory logic, that shares the carry propagation signals used in the FLP adder and can look ahead k bits with detailed transistor-level design, is proposed. By VLSI simulations, the area required and delay are reduced by 35% and 19%, respectively, with look-ahead two bits (k=2) compared to Suzuki's with better prediction.
D-75 Quantitative Analysis of Calcium Oxide Desiccant Conversion to Calcium Hydroxide Using X-ray Diffraction (2004)

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