gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Na<sub>x</sub>Co<sub>1-Y</sub>Ti<sub>y</sub>O<sub>2</sub> : A New Cathode Material for High Energy Density Sodium Ion Batteries (2016)

Abstract: Energy storage has become a key issue concerning our welfare in daily life; the increasing claim for powering systems has conducted energy storage to become a figuring topic. In this regard, lithium-ion battery technology has attracted a respectful interest thanks to its suitable and attractive properties as a powerful source for high voltage applications such as cellular phones, digital cameras and hybrid electric vehicles. Unfortunately, the little abundance of this alkali metal in the earth’s crust, its evil extraction impact on the environment, restricted its use in lithium ion batteries. In this context, sodium has drawn a wide attention thanks to its abundant resources and low cost. Sodium has a larger ionic radius (1,02 Å) and higher redox potential (-2,71 V vs SHE) of Na + /Na compared to Li and operates in a similar fashion. In the last decades, Na x CoO 2 was studied as an electrode material and exhibits promising performances. Nevertheless, it presents nine potential steps during the intercalation/de-intercalation process which could be considered a drawback of this electrode material. Indeed, we investigated the Na x Co 1-y Ti y O 2 solid solution with the aim to obtain better performances with reduced cost. P2-Na 2/3 Co 1/2 Ti 1/2 O 2 selected phase was synthesized by solid-state method. This material offers a specific capacity of 100 mAh/g in the [2-4.2V] potential window. A good capacity retention of the Na// Na 2/3 Co 1/2 Ti 1/2 O 2 cell was recorded with a coulombic efficiency approaching 99%. An ex-situ XRD study on the Na x Co 1/2 Ti 1/2 O 2 sample evidenced that the P2-type structure is preserved until the end of the charge process where a structural transformation occurs leading to structurally faulted oxidized phase. Key words : Na-ion batteries, Na x Co 1-y Ti y O 2 , Energy storage, Ex-situ study. Acknowledgments: The financial assistance of the office Chérifien des Phosphates in the Moroccan Kingdom (OCP group): The authors are hereby acknowledged. Ms N. SABI is grateful to Mohammed VI Polytechnic University for the scholarship. References: Yabuuchi, N., Kubota, K., Dahbi, M., Komaba,S. (2014), Research Development on Sodium-Ion Batteries, Chem. Rev ., 23, 11636-11682. Kubota, K., Komaba,S. (2015), Practical Issue and Future Perspective for Na-Ion Batteries, Electrochemical Society ., 14, 2538-2550. Clément, J., Bruce, G., Grey, P.(2015),Manganese-Based P2-Type Transition Metal Oxides as Sodium-Ion Cathode Materials, Electrochemical Society. , 14, 162, 2589-2604. Figure 1
An Enzymatic Pathway for the Biosynthesis of the Formylhydroxyornithine Required for Rhodochelin Iron Coordination (2012)

Rhodochelin, a mixed catecholate-hydroxamate type siderophore isolated from Rhodococcus jostii RHA1, holds two L-δ-N-formyl-δ-N-hydroxyornithine (L-fhOrn) moieties essential for proper iron coordination. Previously, bioinformatic and genetic analysis proposed rmo and rft as the genes required for the tailoring of the L-ornithine (L-Orn) precursor [Bosello, M. (2011) J. Am. Chem. Soc.133, 4587-4595]. In order to investigate if both Rmo and Rft constitute a pathway for L-fhOrn biosynthesis, the enzymes were heterologously produced and assayed in vitro. In the presence of molecular oxygen, NADPH and FAD, Rmo monooxygenase was able to convert L-Orn into L-δ-N-hydroxyornithine (L-hOrn). As confirmed in a coupled reaction assay, this hydroxylated intermediate serves as a substrate for the subsequent N(10)-formyl-tetrahydrofolate-dependent (N(10)-fH(4)F) Rtf-catalyzed formylation reaction, establishing a route for the L-fhOrn biosynthesis, prior to its incorporation by the NRPS assembly line. It is of particular interest that a major improvement to this study has been reached with the use of an alternative approach to the chemoenzymatic FolD-dependent N(10)-fH(4)F conversion, also rescuing the previously inactive CchA, the Rft-homologue in coelichelin assembly line [Buchenau, B. (2004) Arch. Microbiol.182, 313-325; Pohlmann, V. (2008) Org. Biomol. Chem.6, 1843-1848].
Creep Properties of ASTM A992 Steel at Elevated Temperatures (2012)

In moving towards an engineered performance-based approach to structural fire safety, a sound knowledge of the elevated-temperature properties of structural steel is crucial. Of all mechanical properties of structural steel at elevated temperatures, material creep is particularly important. Under fire conditions, behavior of steel members and structures can be highly time-dependent. As a result, understanding the time-dependent mechanical properties of structural steel at high temperatures becomes essential. This paper presents preliminary results of a comprehensive on-going research project aimed at characterizing the material creep behavior of ASTM A992 steel at elevated temperatures. Such creep properties are presented in the form of strain-time curves for materials from the web and the flanges of a W4×13 wide flange section and from the web of a W30×99 section. The test results are then compared against material creep models for structural steel developed by Harmathy, and by Fields and Fields to evaluate the predictions of these models. The preliminary results clearly indicate that material creep is significant within the time, temperature, and stress regimes expected in a builing fire. The results also demonstrate the need for a more reliable creep model for steel for strcutural-fire engineering analysis.
Study on Evaluation Methods for Mechanical Properties of Organic Semiconductor Materials (2013)

This paper describes the evaluation method of the mechanical properties of the materials constituting organic semiconductor, and the test result of the relation between applied strain and the fracture of thin films. The final target of this work is the improvement of flexibility of organic light emitting diode(OLED), the tensile test of the thin films coated on flexible substrate is conducted, and the vulnerable parts of the constituent material of the OLED is quantitatively understood, further the guideline for designing OLED structure will be obtained. In the present paper, tensile test of an aluminium oxide thin films deposited on a poly-ethylene-tere-phtalate (PET) substrate was carried out under constant conditions, the following results were obtained:(1)Cracking of the aluminium oxide thin films was observed using an optical transparent formula microscope at more than 40 times magnification; (2)Cracking was initiated at a strain of about 3%; (3)the number of cracks increased proportional to the strain, and saturated at about 9% strain; (4)Organic thin films α-NPD caused the same cracking as oxide thin films.
Prediction of Petroleum Reservoir Properties using Different Versions of Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System Hybrid Models (2013)

This paper presents a comparative study of the performance of three versions of Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) hybrid model and two innovative hybrid models in the prediction of oil and gas rese rvoir properties. ANFIS is a hybrid learning algorithm that combines the rule-based inferencing of fuzzy logic and the back-propagation learning procedure of Artificial Neural Networks. Functional Networks-Support Vector Machines (FN-SVM) and Functional Networks-Type-2 Fuzzy Logic (FN-T2FL) were proposed to improve the performance of the stand-alone SVM and T2FL models respectively. The FN component of the FN-T2FL hybrid model automatically extracts the most relevant attributes from the input data us ing the least square fitting algorithm as an improvement over the individual Functional Networks and Type-2 Fuzzy Logic models. The former is more promising as it combines two existing techniques that are very close in performance and well known for their computational stability and fast processing. The FN- SVM hybrid model also benefits from the excellent perfo rmance of the least-square-based model-selection algorithm of Functional Networks and the non-linear high-dimensional feature transformation capability that is based on structur al risk minimization and Tikhonov regularization properties of SVM. Training and testing the SVM component of the hybrid model with the best and dimensionally-reduced variables f rom the input data resulted in better performance with higher correlation coefficients, lower root mean square er rors and less execution time than the traditional SVM model. A co mparison of FN-SVM and FN-T2FL with the three versions of ANFIS showed the superiority of the FN-SVM model over the others. The three ANFIS models still proved to be good in solving real industrial problems due to their speed of execution especially in dense data conditions.
Design of multipolar plasmon excitations in silver nanoparticles (2000)

We report on the experimental observation of multipolar plasmon excitations in lithographically designed elongated silver particles. In contrast to spheres, where the extinction bands of the respective multipolar plasmons overlap considerably to form a broad spectrum, spectrally well-separated extinction bands corresponding to plasmons of multipolar order up to n=6 are found. The results agree well with numerical simulations based on the Green’s Dyadic method.
Towards Sustaining Levels of Reflective Learning: How Do Transformational Leadership, Task Interdependence, and Self-Efficacy Shape Teacher Learning in Schools? (2015)

Whereas cross-sectional research has shown that transformational leadership, task interdependence, and self-efficacy are positively related to teachers’ engagement in reflective learning activities, the causal direction of these relations needs further inquiry. At the same time, individual teacher learning might play a mutual role in strengthening school-level capacity for sustained improvement. Building on previous research, this longitudinal study therefore examines how transformational leadership, task interdependence, self-efficacy, and teachers’ engagement in self-reflection mutually affect each other over time. Questionnaire data gathered on three measurement occasions from 655 Dutch Vocational Education and Training teachers was analyzed using a multivariate Latent Difference Score model. Results indicate that self-reflection and task interdependence reciprocally influence each other’s change. A considerate and stimulating transformational leader was found to contribute to this process. Change in self-efficacy was influenced by self-reflection, indicating that learning leads to competency beliefs. Together, the findings point to the important role transformational leadership practices play in facilitating teamwork, and sustaining teachers’ levels of learning in schools.
Antibacterial activity of calcium hydroxide and chlorhexidine containing points against Fusobacterium nucleatum and Parvimonas micra (2012)

ABSTRACT Objective: Up to 90% of the flora of an infected root canal consists of obligate anaerobic bacteria. However, most studies have centred on microaerophiles. This quantitative assay investigated the antibacterial effects against Fusobacterium nucleatum and Parvimonas micra of gutta-percha (GP) points containing either calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) or chlorhexidine (CHX) compared to those of conventional GP points. Methods: Standardized root canals were prepared in 192 bovine incisors. The canals were sterilized and then inoculated with one of two bacterial species (n=96 teeth per bacterium). After anaerobic incubation at 37ºC, the inoculum was removed and the canals were filled with one of the three points. Control teeth were filled with a saline/serum mixture. After 0, 1, 4 and 8 days of anaerobic incubation, the numbers of viable bacteria (CFU/ml) were determined on both the points and the canal wall dentin. Six replicates were carried out for each experiment. Results: None of the points completely eradicated the bacteria in the canal. GP+CHX was significantly more effective than GP+Ca(OH)2 and GP (P<.05 in each case). The inhibitory effect of GP+Ca(OH)2 did not significantly differ from that of GP (P>.05). Compared to the controls, the antibacterial effect of the medicated points was reached initially. Conclusion: Within the limitations of the in vitro model, the incorporation of commonly used medicaments in GP does not offer a long-lasting antibacterial advantage over non-medicated GP. (Eur J Dent 2012;6:434-439)
Maximum-likelihood deconvolution; an optimization theory perspective (1986)

Abstract A large number of deconvolution procedures have appeared in the literature during the last three decades, including a number of maximum-likelihood deconvolution (MLD) procedures. The major advantages of the MLD procedures are (1) no assumption is required about the phase of the wavelet (most of the classical deconvolution techniques assume a minimum-phase wavelet, an assumption that may not be appropriate for many data sets); (2) MLD procedures can resolve closely spaced events (i.e., they are high-resolution techniques); and (3) they can efficiently handle modeling and measurement errors, as well as backscatter effects (i.e., reflections from small features).A comparative study of six different MLD procedures for estimating the input of a linear, time-invariant system from measurements, which have been corrupted by additive noise, was made by using a common framework developed from fundamental optimization theory arguments. To date, only the Kormylo and the Chi-t algorithms can be recommended.
Absolute Configurations of Zingiberenols Isolated from Ginger (<i>Zingiber officinale</i>) Rhizomes (2015)

Two stereoisomeric zingiberenols in ginger were identified as (3R,6R,7S)-1,10-bisaboladien-3-ol (2) and (3S,6R,7S)-1,10-bisaboladien-3-ol (5). Absolute configurations were assigned by utilizing 1,10-bisaboladien-3-ol stereoisomers and two gas-chromatography columns: a 25 m Hydrodex-β-6TBDM and 60 m DB-5MS. The C-6 and C-7 absolute configurations in both zingiberenols match those of zingiberene present abundantly in ginger rhizomes. Interestingly, zingiberenol 2 has recently been identified as a male-produced sex pheromone of the rice stink bug, Oebalus poecilus, thus indicating that ginger plants may be a potential source of the sex pheromone of this bug.
Low Dose Rate Effects and Ionization Radiation Tolerance of the ATLAS Tracker Front-End Electronics (2001)

Ionization damage has been investigated in the IC designed for the readout of the detectors in the Semiconductor Tracker (SCT) of the ATLAS experiment at the LHC, the ABCD chip. The technology used in the fabrication has been found to be free from Low Dose Rate Effects which facilitates the studies of the radiation hardness of the chips. Other experiments have been done on individual transistors in order to study the effects of temperature and annealing, and to get quantitative information and a better understanding of these mechanisms. With this information, suitable irradiation experiments have been designed for the chips to obtain a better answer about the survivability of these chips in the real conditions of the ATLAS detector.
ChemInform Abstract: A Room Temperature Stable 1,3‐Diphosphaallyl Radical. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Recent progress of laser metrology in chemically reacting flows at onera (2017)

This paper presents some of the development actions performed these last years at ONERA using laser spectroscopic techniques to probe chemically reacting flows. Techniques like laser absorption, laser induced fluorescence (LIF), and Raman scattering will be described with focus on present drawbacks as well as expectations from new laser technologies (Interband Cascade Lasers (ICL) diodes, Optical Parametrical Oscillators (OPO), frequency comb, and femto/picosecond lasers) before showing some results of recent applications in ground facilities.
Education at the seams (2003)

As we have implemented our Information Technology program, several issues have arisen as to sequencing of core concepts. There is general consensus that 5 key areas of IT in 2002 are: Programming, Networking, Web Systems, Databases, and Human Computer Interfacing. Initially we thought of IT as a breadth rather than coverage of topics from Computer Engineering and Computer Science with some ideas from other disciplines. However, we have come to understand that IT students require depth, but not depth on how to implement technology components. IT students require deep knowledge of the interfaces between technologies. This has significant implications for IT curriculum. Students require a working knowledge of the technologies that are to be integrated, plus deep understanding of the interactions between the technologies involved. This deep understanding of the intricacies of integration should be a major focus of IT as a discipline. Initially, IT students need a broad introduction to computer and communication technologies followed by in-depth treatment of their interactions. This paper reflects our current thinking on how one presents the core concepts in such a way as to prepare students to stitch systems together with manageable and deployable seams.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Properties of Glycerylimidazolium Based Ionic Liquids: A Promising Class of Task‐Specific Ionic Liquids. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Synthesis and Lewis acidity of fluorophosphonium cations (2015)

A series of fluorophosphonium salts, [R3PF][X] (R = alkyl or aryl; X = FB(C6F5)3, [B(C6F5)4]), have been prepared by reactions of phosphine/borane frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) with XeF2 or difluorophosphoranes with [Et3Si][B(C6F5)4]. As the substituents bound to phosphorus become increasingly electron withdrawing, the corresponding fluorophosphonium salts are shown to be increasingly Lewis acidic. Calculations were also performed to determine the relative fluoride ion affinities (FIA) of these fluorophosphonium cations.
Precise Performance Measurement of High-Efficiency Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells (2006)

The effect of the sweep speed and direction on the I-V measurement of state-of-the-art high-efficiency c-Si cells and modules such as HIT and backside-contact technologies is investigated, in order to clarify the precise characterization techniques for those devices. The P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max </sub> and FF of these devices with conversion efficiencies of ~20% show significant dependence on the sweep conditions by 5-10% or more, when the sweep speed is less than 50-100 msec. Their I-V measurements should be carried out in the conditions where the result is independent on both the sweep direction and speed
Dripcast - Architecture and Implementation of Server-less Java Programming Framework for Billions of IoT Devices (2015)

We propose “Dripcast,” a new server-less Java programming framework for billions of IoT (Internet of Things) devices. The framework makes it easy to develop device applications working with a cloud, that is, scalable computing resources on the Internet. The framework consists of two key technologies; (1) transparent remote procedure call (2) mechanism to read, write and process Java objects with scale-out style distributed datastore. A great benefit of the framework is that there is no need to write a server-side program nor a database code. A very simple client-side program is enough to work with the framework, to read, write or process Java objects on a cloud. The mechanism is infinitely scalable since it works with scale-out technologies. In this paper, we describe the concept and the architecture of the Dripcast framework. We also implement the framework and evaluate from two points of views, 1) from the view point of scalability about cloud resources, 2) from the view point of method call encapsulation overhead in client IoT devices.
Sulfur and antimony segregation to creep cavity surfaces in Ni and an FCC Fe-Ni-Cr alloy (1984)

Segregation of S and Sb to the internal free surfaces of creep induced cavities and microcracks in Ni and an Fe + 15% Ni + 15% Cr alloy have been studied using scanning Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). Residual S is found to segregate strongly in the undoped Fe + 15% Ni + 15% Cr while Fe + 15% Ni + 15% Cr + 1% Sb exhibited only Sb segregation. Both S and Sb segregated in Ni + 0.15% Sb.
Synthesis of Macrocyclic, Triazine-Based Receptor Molecules (2001)

The synthesis of triazine-based macrocyclic scaffolds is presented. The strategy employed allows for the facile functionalization of the macrocyclic molecules and combinatorial construction of putative receptor molecules. It is shown that the functional groups on the macrocyclic molecules, the size of the rings and the nature of the diamines linking the triazines can all be varied. In addition to the description of the stepwise synthesis of these compounds, it is shown that macrocycles based on triazine and xylenediamine are able to bind pyranosides and cyanuric acid.
The reaction between αβ-unsaturated ketones and ethylenediamine (1970)

K. Hideg and D. Lloyd, J. Chem. Soc. D, 1970, 929 DOI: 10.1039/C29700000929
Senescent Decline in Serum Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate Concentrations in a Population of Wild Baboons (1993)

The physiologic functions of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DS), a precursor of androgens and estrogen and the most abundant steroid in the circulation, are unknown. Nevertheless, numerous studies have shown that low concentrations of DS are correlated with a variety of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases in human beings, and administration of DS to experimental animals is associated with protection from similar diseases. Thus, the marked decline in DS concentrations with age in human beings may be of considerable functional significance. However, because of the difficulties in studying any heterogeneous human population, it has been difficult to assess the extent to which the DS decline with age is confounded by any of a number of factors (e.g., smoking, level of activity, genetics, diet, medication and disease). We studied the effects of age on DS concentrations in a well-characterized population of wild yellow baboons living freely in a national park in East Africa. Study of these animals circumvents many of the confounds just noted. In examining animals ranging in age from juvenile status to old age, we observed a robust decline in DS concentrations with age. The magnitude of the decline is approximately equal in both sexes. In addition, the decline is similar in comparing two baboon groups which have fully natural diets with one group which forages heavily on garbage from people.
Legal Status And Health Insurance Among Immigrants (2005)

The foreign-born represent a disproportionate share of nonelderly U.S. adults without health insurance. Using data from Los Angeles County, we find that most of the insurance disparities between the foreign-born and native-born can be explained by traditional socioeconomic factors. Undocumented immigrants, however, have lower rates of coverage-both private and public-even after a wide array of factors are controlled for. Applying Los Angeles County rates to the U.S. population implies that undocumented immigrants account for one-third of the total increase in the number of uninsured adults in the United States between 1980 and 2000.