gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Earthquake Simulation Testing of Small-Scale Reinforced Concrete Structures (1990)

First Name is required invalid characters Last Name is required invalid characters Email Address is required Invalid Email Address Invalid Email Address
Overexpression of the E2F-1 transcription factor gene mediates cell transformation. (1995)

The E2F transcription factor can regulate expression of numerous cellular genes controlling proliferation, including proto-oncogenes and genes regulating cell cycle progression. Therefore, genes comprising the E2F gene family could potentially contribute to carcinogenesis. To test the potential of E2F to act as a transforming gene, a cDNA encoding E2F-1 was constitutively overexpressed in established rodent cells using a retroviral vector. Overexpressed E2F-1 was functional, as shown by stimulation of a transfected adenovirus E2 promoter driving a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene in E2F-1 overexpressing cells. This stimulation was dependent on functional E2F binding sites in the promoter. Examination of phenotype showed that E2F-1 overexpression mediated cell transformation as measured by the ability of cells to form colonies in soft agar medium. In addition, overexpressed E2F-1 shortened the duration of the G1 cell cycle phase in proliferating cells, a property characteristic of other transforming genes. These data provide direct evidence that E2F-1 can act as a transforming gene and a critical regulator of cell cycle progression and suggest the possibility of E2F involvement in carcinogenesis.
Risk-Filled Risk Aversion: The Troubling Nature of Third Party Litigation Financing Arrangements in the Context of Aggregate Claims (2018)

The pursuit of justice, with infrequent exception, requires financial stability and sometimes even wealth. The cost of litigation has become so burdensome over the years that a system of third party litigation finance, also known as “litigation lending,” has developed in the background of the U.S. justice system. On its face, third party litigation financing shifts risk from risk-averse individual plaintiffs to well-insulated investors, promoting a more even-handed adversarial system. The practical success of litigation lending in the individual context has led to an outgrowth of rhetoric concerning, and even attempts at applying, litigation lending to aggregate claims. From court costs and litigation expenses to the cost of living for each individual plaintiff while awaiting recovery, the costs of aggregate claims are magnified for class plaintiffs and their advocates. In theory, the application of third party litigation finance transitions nicely to aggregate claims. However, a deeper examination of the litigation lending system reveals that allowing third party lenders to finance aggregate claims exacerbates the privilege and confidentiality concerns inherent in aggregate litigation, open the door for aggregate defendants and other improper parties to invest in opposing plaintiff’s claims, and advances non-party pecuniary interests to the detriment of the claim holder. This Article will examine these inherent deficiencies, among others, as the unlawful distinguishing features of litigation lending in the aggregate context.
A NEW METHOD OF COLLECTING ALLANTOIC FLUID FROM EMBRYONATED EGGS (1958)

SUMMARY: An apparatus is described for collecting by aspiration allantoic fluid from embryonated eggs infected with influenza or Newcastle disease virus. The essential part of the apparatus is a specially designed ‘automatic pipette’permitting good control of the flow of aspirated fluid.
El bautismo de urgencia, función tradicional de las matronas (2009)

We have certainty that for centuries the midwives have been in charge of the emergency baptism to those newborn with few survival probabilities. At the moment this function is unknown by many midwives. The
objective of this study is to know the role which has been played by the midwife through history as the baptism manager.
Methodology: Historic Investigation, from documentary sources of the archives of the Diocese of Siguenza- Guadalajara. We also have proceeded to a bibliographic review of national and international texts.
Conclusions: The important midwife function has been stated in the baptism management in case of emergency. The correct management of the baptism on behalf of the midwife was considered a professional
ability and it formed part of the ruled teaching they had.
Nanoplasmonic near-field synthesis (2013)

The temporal response of resonances in nanoplasmonic structures typically converts an incoming few-cycle field into a much longer near-field at the spot where nonlinear physical phenomena including electron emission, recollision, and high-harmonic generation can take place. We show that for practically useful structures pulse shaping of the incoming pulse can be used to synthesize the plasmon-enhanced field and enable single-cycle-driven nonlinear physical phenomena. Our method is demonstrated for the generation of an isolated attosecond pulse by plasmon-enhanced high harmonic generation. We furthermore show that optimal control techniques can be used even if the response of the plasmonic structure is not known a priori.
Noninvasive measurement of cardiac output using partial CO/sub 2/ rebreathing (1988)

A noninvasive algorithm for estimating cardiac output is discussed. The technique is based on a differential form of the CO/sub 2/ Fick equation applied during normal ventilation and a 30-s period of partial rebreathing using additional deadspace. Using the Fick equation in a differential form eliminates the need to estimate mixed venous pCO/sub 2/, also the sensitivity of the cardiac output estimate to changes in the alveolar deadspace fraction is greatly reduced. The procedure is fully automated, requires minimal staff supervision, and provides cardiac output estimates every 3 1/2-min. Estimates of cardiac output when compared to thermodilution yielded a correlation coefficient of 0.92 with a linear regression slope of 0.92 (n=451). Temporary increases in alveolar deadspace did not significantly alter this relationship. Cardiac output estimates obtained during period of increased pulmonary shunt due to oleic acid infusion yielded a correlation coefficient of 0.90 with a linear regression slope of 0.92 when compared to direct thermodilution measurements.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Federal Trademark Dilution Act of 1995: Potent Weapon or Uphill Battle? (1999)

Following a brief discussion of the history of trademark infringement law, the events leading to the FTDA, and an overview of the FTDA, this paper discusses the major causes of the FTDA's ineffectiveness. We will then review the application of the act, discuss its implications on the future of trademark ownership in business, and suggest improvements to the legal application of the act.
Graphene oxide reduction by standard industrial reducing agent: thiourea dioxide (2012)

The current fabrication methods of pristine graphene are not feasible for bulk production. The closest approach, which is through chemical reduction of graphene oxide to chemically reduced graphene oxide that resembles pristine graphene, has been widely adopted instead. Herein, we report a new methodology for the reduction of graphene oxide to chemically reduced graphene oxide using a common industrial reductant, thiourea dioxide. The final product has been fully characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and cyclic voltammetry. The microscopy techniques revealed reduced graphene of few-layered sheets. Based on the XPS analyses, a C/O ratio as high as 16.0 was achieved. The reduced graphene oxide product demonstrated a good electrochemical performance with a charge transfer resistance as low as 0.11 kΩ based on EIS measurements and a low overpotential for the oxidation of ascorbic acid. Since thiourea is a common industrial reductant, standard protocols are already in place for the waste produced from this methodology. As such, we foresee that this methodology holds the potential for industrial scale reduction of graphene oxide.
Peroxy Acids: Role in Organic Synthesis (2013)

Abstract Peroxy acids are synthetically versatile reagents used in organic synthesis during recent years. This review describes the applications of peroxy acids for the generation of a range of structurally diverse organic compounds.
Osteopontin Regulation by Inorganic Phosphate Is ERK1/2-, Protein Kinase C-, and Proteasome-dependent (2003)

The generation of inorganic phosphate by alkaline phosphatase during osteoblast differentiation represents an important signaling event, although the molecular and cellular consequences are currently undefined. We have previously described osteopontin as a gene regulated by an increase in inorganic phosphate not only in osteoblasts but also in other cell types. We describe here the identification of specific signaling pathways required for the stimulation of osteopontin expression by inorganic phosphate. We have determined that phosphate selectively activates the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) signaling pathway but does not activate the other mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling proteins, p38, or the c-Jun N-terminal kinase. In addition, our results suggest that cellular exposure to 10 mm inorganic phosphate causes a biphasic ERK1/2 activation. The second ERK1/2 activation is required for osteopontin regulation, whereas the first is not sufficient. Analysis of common protein kinase families has revealed that phosphate-induced osteopontin expression specifically uses a protein kinase C-dependent signaling pathway. In addition, our results suggest that protein kinase C and ERK1/2 are not part of the same pathway but constitute two distinct pathways. Finally, we have determined that the proteasomal activity is required not only for phosphate-induced expression of osteopontin but also for the induction of osteopontin in response to 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate and okadaic acid. The data presented here define for the first time the ability of increased inorganic phosphate to stimulate specific signaling pathways resulting in functionally significant changes in gene expression and identify three important signaling pathways in the regulation of osteopontin.
Multiscale Causal Connectivity Analysis by Canonical Correlation: Theory and Application to Epileptic Brain (2011)

Multivariate Granger causality is a well-established approach for inferring information flow in complex systems, and it is being increasingly applied to map brain connectivity. Traditional Granger causality is based on vector autoregressive (AR) or mixed autoregressive moving average (ARMA) model, which are potentially affected by errors in parameter estimation and may be contaminated by zero-lag correlation, notably when modeling neuroimaging data. To overcome this issue, we present here an extended canonical correlation approach to measure multivariate Granger causal interactions among time series. The procedure includes a reduced rank step for calculating canonical correlation analysis (CCA), and extends the definition of causality including instantaneous effects, thus avoiding the potential estimation problems of AR (or ARMA) models. We tested this approach on simulated data and confirmed its practical utility by exploring local network connectivity at different scales in the epileptic brain analyzing scalp and depth-EEG data during an interictal period.
Bit a bit: usando Python a bajo nivel (2012)

Bit a Bit: Python posee las operaciones necesarias para poder trabajar sin problemas con bytes y bits.
Unsuspected Gallbladder Cancer Diagnosed After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: Focus on Acute Cholecystitis (2009)

The preoperative diagnosis included a high rate of acute and severe acute cholecystitis. Survival was not associated with the presence of AC and bile spillage. Therefore, we suggest that AC may not influence the prognosis of unsuspected gallbladder cancer after LC. Moreover, good tumor differentiation can guarantee favorable survival, even in UGC with AC.
Sulfur stoichiometry effects in highly spin polarized CoS2 single crystals (2006)

Recent experiments on polycrystalline Co1−xFexS2 demonstrated composition control over the spin polarization by Fermi level manipulation. We report here the growth and characterization of CoS2 single crystals with fine control over the stoichiometry by chemical vapor transport. At the ideal Co:S atomic ratio we observe a minimum in the low temperature resistivity and the x-ray rocking curve width, coincident with a maximum in the residual resistivity ratio and the low temperature magnetoresistance. Point contact Andréev reflection on stoichiometric crystals indicates a spin polarization at the Fermi energy of 64%, a significant increase over the 56% observed in polycrystals.
Battery system requirements for battery dominant hybrid electric vehicles (2002)

Battery system design requirements for battery dominant-grid charged hybrid electric vehicles are discussed from a duty cycle and system point of view. The purpose is to capture all of the design considerations relevant to the battery pack, and to estimate the affect of these requirements on the choice of battery pack size and control limits. Data from dynamometer testing of battery dominant prototype vehicles Joule and Coulomb built by UC Davis is compared with theoretical data to provide insight into the system design.
Testing the Goodness of Fit of Multivariate Multiplicative-intercept Risk Models Based on Case-control Data (2005)

The validity of the multivariate multiplicative-intercept risk model with I +1 categories based on casecontrol data is tested. After reparametrization, the assumed risk model is equivalent to an (I +1) -sample semiparametric model in which the I ratios of two unspecified density functions have known parametric forms. By identifying this (I +1) -sample semiparametric model, which is of intrinsic interest in general (I +1) -sample problems, with an (I +1) -sample semiparametric selection bias model, we propose a weighted Kolmogorov-Smirnov-type statistic to test the validity of the multivariate multiplicativeintercept risk model. Established are some asymptotic results associated with the proposed test statistic, also established is an optimal property for the maximum semiparametric likelihood estimator of the parameters in the (I +1) -sample semiparametric selection bias model. In addition, a bootstrap procedure along with some results on analysis of two real data sets is proposed.
Enhancements to the Cochrane Library (2011)

Ruth Mitchell, Trials Search Co-ordinator for the Cochrane Renal Group, walks the reader through some recent developments to The Cochrane Library and demonstrates a number of value-added features.
Novel anti-HER2 monoclonal antibodies: synergy and antagonism with tumor necrosis factor-α (2012)

Novel antibodies against extracellular domain of HER2 may serve as potent anti-cancer bioactive molecules. Cell-dependent synergy and antagonism between anti-HER2 antibodies and TNF-α provide evidence for a complex interplay between HER2 and TNF-α signaling pathways. Such complexity may drastically affect the outcome of HER2-directed therapeutic interventions.
An Anhydro Derivative of D-Mannosan <1,5>β<1,6> (presumably 3,4-Anhydro-D-talosan <1,5>β<1,6>) (1942)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn Anhydro Derivative of D-Mannosan <1,5>β<1,6> (presumably 3,4-Anhydro-D-talosan <1,5>β<1,6>)Raymond M. Hann and C. S. HudsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1942, 64, 4, 925–928Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1942Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1942https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01256a053https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01256a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views80Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Performance of Low Density Parity Check Codes as a Function of Actual and Assumed Noise Levels (2003)

We investigate how sensitive Gallager's codes are, when decoded by the sum-product algorithm, to the assumed noise level. We have found a remarkably simple function that fits the empirical results as a function of the actual noise level at both high and low noise levels.
[Reduction mammaplasty with the superior-lateral dermo-glandular pedicle]. (2004)

The technique of reduction mammaplasty with the superior-lateral dermo-glandular pedicle is a reasonable method to obtain nice breast configuration and good function.
A Dynamic P2P Resource Sharing Architecture for Adapting MPEG-21 Digital Items in Mobile Networks (2010)

Due to the vast size, real-time requirement, QoS consideration, etc., of mobile devices, techniques like multimedia transcoding are developed to satisfy the need of surfing the multimedia services using mobile devices. In this paper, we propose a P2P resource sharing architecture for adapting MPEG-21 digital items in mobile networks. In the proposed P2P architecture, digital items can be shared among heterogeneous networking environments. Meanwhile, digital items can be dynamically adapted according to the networking situation and user’s device capacity. The proposed P2P system introduced a new cache and replacement algorithm for managing adapted digital items, which can smooth the transcoding delay variations of digital items during subsequent resource sharing among different networked devices. 1.
Efficient, direct α-methylenation of carbonyls mediated by diisopropylammonium trifluoroacetate (2010)

A very efficient method for the direct α-methylenation of carbonyl compounds, with yields up to 99%, utilizing paraformaldehyde, diisopropylammonium trifluoroacetate, and catalytic acid or base, is presented.
The use of retinoids in the prevention and treatment of skin cancer (2002)

There has been a significant increase in the number of cases of skin cancer diagnosed in the US in the past few years. Thus, it seems appropriate to review the available compounds that might be used in the chemoprevention of these lesions. This review focuses on the retinoids and details their results in clinical trials for treatment and prevention of skin cancer. Side effects of the various retinoid derivatives are also discussed. It is concluded that isotretinoin (13-cis-retinoic acid) is the most effective retinoid for the prevention of non-melanoma skin cancers in high-risk patients in clinical trials. Current basic research is focused on developing receptor-selective retinoids which would have a higher therapeutic index for the treatment and chemoprevention of skin cancer.
JESSICA: An Object-Oriented Hypermedia Publishing Processor. (1998)

The lifecycle of Web applications covers the design, implementation, and maintenance of the services. First generation Web development tools just concentrated on the creation of single pages. Later Web engineering tools have been integrating the management of complete Web sites and the navigation model. But only few attempt to cover all the aspects of the lifecycle, and especially the maintenance task which is essential on a dynamic medium as is the case on the Web. To increase the manageability and introduce flexibility to large Web services we introduce the JESSICA engineering system that employs an object-oriented abstraction model for the hypermedia information. An object-oriented language describes components of the Web service that are easy to manage, reusable, highly dynamic and of polymorphic type, covering all elements of a complete Web site. The objects are accessible throughout the lifecycle for management and maintenance activities. A compiler maps the abstract service description to the file-based repository of a standard Web server. We demonstrate the feasibility of the engineering system on managing the Vienna International Festival Web site, a multilingual database Web application on culture and arts, containing 300+ static pages and several interactive services.
Transdermal Delivery of Azidothymidine (AZT) through Rat Skin Ex‐vivo (1997)

Problems with conventional delivery systems for the administration of azidothymidine (AZT) to AIDS patients have included difficulty in predicting blood concentrations; these may be very low due to first-pass metabolism and low bioavailability or may reach toxic levels, potentially leading to haematological adverse effects. Transdermal delivery has been proposed in order to reduce the likelihood of these problems. The purpose of this investigation was to increase the permeation of AZT through the skin and to identify a solvent system for transdermal delivery of AZT.



AZT possesses characteristics favourable for transdermal absorption, low molecular weight (267.24), water solubility and lipid/water partition coefficient 1.2 at pH 7.4. Radiochemical assay was used to determine AZT concentrations. Ex-vivo permeation of AZT through excised rat skin was studied using a diffusion cell; the effect of various sorption promoters were investigated. The flux value increased from 14.94 μg cm−2 h−1 in control vehicle (distilled water) to up to 64.42 μg cm−2 h−1 in ethanol. The affinity of AZT for skin in the presence of ethanol was decreased by two orders of magnitude when compared with the control.



A combination of ethanol and propylene glycol appears to be a good solvent system for the development of transdermal delivery system of AZT.