gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Proteins involved in the endoplasmic reticulum stress are modulated in synovitis of osteoarthritis, chronic pyrophosphate arthropathy and rheumatoid arthritis, and correlate with the histological inflammatory score (2020)

It is now well recognized that osteoarthritis (OA) synovial membrane presents inflammatory components. The aim of this work is to provide evidence that similar inflammatory mechanisms exist in synovial membrane (n = 24) obtained from three pathologies presenting altogether an inflammatory gradient: OA, chronic pyrophosphate arthropathy (CPPA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Synovial biopsies were first characterized by a histological score based on synovial hyperplasia and infiltration of lymphocytes, plasma cells, polymorphonuclear and macrophages. All biopsies were also analyzed by 2D-nano-UPLC-ESI-Q-Orbitrap for protein identification and quantification. Protein levels were correlated with the histological score. Histological score was in the range of 3 to 8 for OA, 5 to 13 for CPPA and 12 to 17 for RA. Of the 4,336 proteins identified by mass spectrometry, 51 proteins were selected for their strong correlation (p < 0.001) with the histological score of which 11 proteins (DNAJB11, CALR, ERP29, GANAB, HSP90B1, HSPA1A, HSPA5, HYOU1, LMAN1, PDIA4, and TXNDC5) were involved in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Protein levels of S100A8 and S100A9 were significantly higher in RA compared to OA (for both) or to CPPA (for S100A8 only) and also significantly correlated with the histological score. Eighteen complement component proteins were identified, but only C1QB and C1QBP were weakly correlated with the histological score. This study highlights the inflammatory gradient existing between OA, CPPA and RA synovitis either at the protein level or at the histological level. Inflamed synovitis was characterized by the overexpression of ER stress proteins.
Enantiospecific Synthesis of (R)- and (S)-2,3-Diaminopropanol from L- and D-Serine (1996)

Both chiral forms of 2,3-diaminopropanol (6) have been prepared in a convenient 5-step synthesis based on the readily available N-benzyloxycarbonyl derivatives of the methyl esters of L- and D-serine.
Analysis of the robustness of wavelet-based perceptual signatures (2010)

Perceptual image hashing maps an image to a fixed length binary string based on the image's appearance to the human eye, and has applications in image indexing, authentication, and watermarking. In this paper, we analyze the robustness of perceptual signatures generated by the known SHA1 hash function in the DWT domain. This is achieved by generation signatures from the coefficients of the subband LL after a DWT transformation. Experiments on large-scale database show that the proposed method is efficient, robust against common content-preserving manipulations.
Detection and Classification of Hyper-Spectral Edges (1999)

Intensity-based edge detectors cannot distinguish whether an edge is caused by material changes, shadows, surface orientation changes or by highlights. Therefore, our aim is to classify the physical cause of an edge using hyperspectra obtained by a spectrograph. Methods are presented to detect edges in hyperspectral images. In theory, the effect of varying imaging conditions is analyzed for ”raw” hyper-spectra, for normalized hyper-spectra, and for hue computed from hyper-spectra. From this analysis, an edge classifier is derived which distinguishes hyper-spectral edges into the following types: (1) a shadow or geometry edge, (2) a highlight edge, (3) a material edge.
Biopulping: A glimpse of the future. Forest Service research paper (1993)

The objective of the consortium research was to evaluate the technical feasibility of biopulping, defined as the fungal pretreatment of wood for pulping. The research focussed on mechanical pulping, specifically on energy savings for the pulping itself, and on paper properties. Past work on biopulping has been minimal, but generally encouraging. In addition to the research objective, the Consortium served an information and education function, interfacing the industrial partners with developments in biotechnology.
Current-Enhanced SASE Using an Optical Laser and its Application to the LCLS (2004)

We propose a significant enhancement of the electron peak current entering a SASE undulator by inducing an energy modulation in an upstream wiggler magnet via resonant interaction with an optical laser, followed by microbunching of the energy-modulated electrons at the accelerator exit. This current enhancement allows a reduction of the FEL gain length. The x-ray output consists of a series of uniformly spaced spikes, each spike being temporally coherent. The duration of this series is controlled by the laser pulse and in principle can be narrowed down to just a single, {approx}200-attosecond spike. Given potentially absolute temporal synchronization of the x-ray spikes to the energy-modulating laser pulse, this scheme naturally makes pump-probe experiments available to SASE FEL's. We also study various detrimental effects related to the high electron peak current.
E <sup>3</sup> -Produktion (2016)

Kurzfassung Das von der Fraunhofer Gesellschaft geförderte multidisziplinäre Leitprojekt „E 3 -Produktion“ beinhaltet drei Schwerpunkte – Effiziente Produktionstechnik, Effiziente Produktionsstätten und Effiziente Arbeitswelten –, die wiederum aus drei Modulen bestehen: Entwicklung eines innovativen und übertragbaren Auswertungstools für eine gesamte Prozesskette, mehreren innovativen Prozessentwicklungen für die Anwendung des Werkzeugs und nicht zuletzt aus einer Datenbank, um Prozesskette-Alternativen auf Basis von individuellen Zielen zu bewerten und zuvergleichen.
Thermochromic properties of polythiophenes: structural aspects (1993)

Abstract Temperature‐dependent optical absorption measurements have revealed important thermochromic effects in poly(3‐dodecylthiophene) and poly(3‐octyloxy‐4‐methylthiophene) between 25 and 150°C which are related to a planar to non‐planar transition of the main polymer chain. This conformational transition is caused by an increase of the repulsive intrachain steric interactions upon heating, which then force the thiophene backbone to adopt a non‐planar conformation. On the other hand, as observed with poly(3‐octyloxythiophene), if the side chains do not lead to large steric interactions, the polymer can maintain a highly conjugated structure even at high temperatures while, if the steric interactions are too strong (e.g. poly(3,3′‐dihexyl‐2,2′‐bithiophene)), no co‐planar conformation can be adopted.
Research Proposal for Cross Stratum Optimization (CSO) between Data Centers and Networks (2011)

Data Centers offer various application services to end-users such as
video gaming, cloud computing and others. Since the data centers used
to provide application services are distributed geographically around
a network, many decisions made in the control and management of
application services, such as where to instantiate another service
instance or to which data center out of several a new client is
assigned, can have a significant impact on the state of the network.
Conversely the capabilities and state of the network can have a major
impact on application performance. Currently application decisions
are made with very little or no information concerning the underlying
network used to deliver those services. Hence such decisions may be
sub-optimal from both application and network resource utilization and
quality of service objectives. This document proposes a research
program into cross stratum application/network optimization focusing
on the challenges and opportunities presented by data center based
applications and carriers networks.
Gut pain reactions in man: an experimental investigation using short and long duration transmucosal electrical stimulation (1997)

Visceral pain is a substantial, clinical problem but unfortunately few experimental models are available to study this phenomenon in man. In the present study we inserted a stimulation catheter 5-10 cm into the ileo-sigmoidostomy of nine patients. The catheter contained six small, flexible electrodes separated by 4 mm. The gut was stimulated by single burst, repeated burst (five stimuli delivered at 2 Hz), or continuous burst stimuli (4 Hz for 30, 60, 90, and 120 s). The sensation (ST), pain detection (PDT), and pain tolerance (PTT) thresholds to single/repeated burst stimuli were determined. The location/size/sensitivity of referred pain after repeated/continuous stimulation were characterized. The brain potentials to single burst stimuli and to increasing stimulus intensity were measured. ST to single burst stimuli was easy to determine (8 mA) and to reproduce. The patients found it difficult to determine the PDT and PTT to single burst stimuli, however both thresholds were easily determined for repeated burst stimuli. The pain thresholds to single burst stimuli were twice as high as the thresholds to repeated burst stimuli, indicating the importance of central temporal summation for visceral pain. Minor changes in the stimulus location resulted in changes of the referred pain projection site. The words most frequently selected (78%) from the McGill Pain Questionnaire to describe repeated burst stimulations were shooting, pricking, flashing, and boring. The amplitude of the brain potentials increased at increasing stimulus intensity. A stimulus intensity giving an initial pain rating of around 5 on a 0-10 visual analog scale (VAS) was used for continuous stimulation. A general increase of the pain intensity and the area of referred pain was found during this stimulation. It was concluded that electrical stimulation of the human gut provokes pain and especially long sequences of visceral stimuli are adequate to evoke referred pain mimicking pain profiles of pathologic origin.
The Determination of the Best Separation Conditions for a Mixture of Preservatives of Varying Polarity Using HPLC: an ACELL Experiment (2005)

Chromatography is a fundamental component of most analytical chemistry units in undergraduate science programs. Many gas chromatography (GC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) experiments tend to focus on the quantitative aspect of the technique (determination of benzoic acid in coca cola or ethanol in wine) [However, these experiments do not actively develop students understanding of the separation processes involved and method development (ie development of best separation conditions) is limited due to time constraints. To address these issues we have been active in developing experiments that promote understanding of the separation mechanisms involved. This aims of the experiment described here are to 1. Extend and develop students understanding of the mechanisms of separation in reversed phase (RP) chromatography 2. provide students with some experience in method development and 3. expose students to appropriate tools that can facilitate method development.
Template-guided concolic testing via online learning (2018)

We present template-guided concolic testing, a new technique for effectively reducing the search space in concolic testing. Addressing the path-explosion problem has been a significant challenge in concolic testing. Diverse search heuristics have been proposed to mitigate this problem but using search heuristics alone is not sufficient to substantially improve code coverage for real-world programs. The goal of this paper is to complement existing techniques and achieve higher coverage by exploiting templates in concolic testing. In our approach, a template is a partially symbolized input vector whose job is to reduce the search space. However, choosing a right set of templates is nontrivial and significantly affects the final performance of our approach. We present an algorithm that automatically learns useful templates online, based on data collected from previous runs of concolic testing. The experimental results with open-source programs show that our technique achieves greater branch coverage and finds bugs more effectively than conventional concolic testing.
Beehive: Exploiting Power Law Query Distributions for O(1) Lookup Performance in Peer to Peer Overlays (2003)

Structured peer-to-peer hash tables provide decentralization, self-organization, failure-resilience, and good worst-case lookup performance for applications, but suffer from high latencies (O( )) in the average case. Such high latencies prohibit them from being used in many relevant, demanding applications such as DNS. In this paper, we present a proactive replication framework that can achieve O( ) lookup performance for common Zipf-like query distributions. This framework is based around a closed-form solution that achieves O( ) lookup performance with low storage requirements, bandwidth overhead and network load. Simulations show that this replication framework can realistically achieve good latencies, outperform passive caching, and adapt efficiently to sudden changes in object popularity, also known as flash crowds. This framework provides a feasible substrate for high-performance, low-latency applications, such as peer-to-peer domain name service.
Comparability of Lipoprotein Particle Number Concentrations Across ES-DMA, NMR, LC-MS/MS, Immunonephelometry, and VAP: In Search of a Candidate Reference Measurement Procedure for apoB and non-HDL-P Standardization (2018)

This study demonstrates that ALT methods do not yet provide equivalent results for the measurement of non-HDL-P and apoB-100. The better agreement between methods harmonized to the WHO/IFCC reference material suggests that standardizing ALT methods by use of a common commutable calibrator will improve cross-platform comparability. This study provides further evidence that LC-MS/MS is the most suitable candidate reference measurement procedure to standardize apoB-100 measurement, as it would provide results with SI traceability. The absence of freezing and thawing effect suggests that frozen serum pools could be used as secondary reference materials.
Editorial: Insecticide Mode of Action: From Insect to Mammalian Toxicity (2017)

International audience
Experimental Measurement and CFD Model Development of Thick Wind Turbine Airfoils with Leading Edge Erosion (2016)

Abstract not provided.
High quality Ba<sub>x</sub>Sr<sub>1-x</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub>films grown by mocld and novel ferroelectric/ferrite structures for dual-tuning microwave devices (2000)

Abstract Excellent single crystal BaxSr1-xTiO3 (BST) films were grown on LaAlO3 substrates using the metal-organic chemical liquid deposition (MOCLD) method. Very low losses (tanδ ∽0.002-0.008) were measured from these films at 400 KHz. Biaxially oriented BST films were successfully grown on polycrystalline YIG substrates using both MOCLD and pulsed laser deposition methods with biaxially oriented MgO and YSZ buffer layers. The dielectric losses of the films range from 0.005 to 0.015 while 25% of dielectric constant change was observed with 40V bias voltage up to 10 MHz. Both the dissipation and dielectric constant of the films remained nearly constants over a wide temperature range (77 K to 380 K). A dual-tuning microwave coplanar phase shifter using a BST film grown on a MgO buffered polycrystalline YIG substrate was fabricated. A significant phase shift was observed in GHz frequency range when an electric bias or a magnetic field was applied to the device.
Silicon-barrier Josephson junctions in coplanar and sandwich configurations (1977)

Recent considerations on sandwich-type crystalline-silicon-barrier Josephson junctions are given. We show how low-shunt-capacitance electrode configurations can be realized on the thin silicon membranes. As an extension of our work on sandwich-type silicon-barrier devices, we have fabricated junctions with coplanar electrodes separated by a narrow gap on a highly doped silicon surface. These show supercurrents in the range of 1-10 mA for gaps in the range of 0.1-0.3 μm in a strip of 30 μm width and a surface doping of about 2 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">20</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> . In both structures, small changes can be made to obtain the behavior of a super-Schottky diode rather than a Josephson junction. These diodes are found to have high sensitivities (S=2000 to 2300 V <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> ) and can be designed to have low series resistance.
The comparative study of a recostruction with gastric tube and free jejunal autograft for pharynx and/or cervical esophageal carcinoma. (1990)

下咽頭・頸部食道癌に対する2つの再建法を比較検討した.縦隔内リンパ節郭清を伴う胃管による再建法 (胃管群) の7例と縦隔内リンパ節郭清を伴わない遊離空腸移植による再建法 (空腸群) 14例を対象とした.空腸群では呼吸器系合併症を認めず, 縫合不全もなかったが, 胃管群では呼吸器系合併症2例, 縫合不全2例認めた.胃管群で郭清された縦隔内リンパ節には転移を認めなかったが, 頸部傍食道リンパ節への転移は胃管群で57.1%, 空腸群で42.9%であった.頸部リンパ節の郭清に重点をおくべきであることを示唆した.再発形式は遠隔転移を伴ったものにのみ縦隔内リンパ節への転移を認めた.空腸群の術後総頸動脈造影では吻合部の狭窄や血栓形成は認めなかった.胃管群での最長生存例は62か月に肺転移で死亡した1例であった.空腸群では現在5年以上生存例は2例である.両群間に遠隔成績の差はなかった.遊離空腸による再建法は安全でリスクの高い症例にも応用できる.
Mechanisms for the Deterioration in Glucose Tolerance Associated With HIV Protease Inhibitor Regimens (2003)

The mechanisms responsible for the deterioration in glucose tolerance associated with protease inhibitor-containing regimens in HIV infection are unclear. Insulin resistance has been implicated as a major factor, but the affected tissues have not been identified. Furthermore, beta-cell function has not been evaluated in detail. The present study was therefore undertaken to assess the effects of protease inhibitor-containing regimens on hepatic, muscle, and adipose tissue insulin sensitivity as well as pancreatic beta-cell function. We evaluated beta-cell function in addition to glucose production, glucose disposal, and free fatty acid (FFA) turnover using the hyperglycemic clamp technique in combination with isotopic measurements in 13 HIV-infected patients before and after 12 weeks of treatment and in 14 normal healthy volunteers. beta-Cell function and insulin sensitivity were also assessed by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). Treatment increased fasting plasma glucose concentrations in all subjects (P < 0.001). Insulin sensitivity as assessed by HOMA and clamp experiments decreased by approximately 50% (P < 0.003). Postabsorptive glucose production was appropriately suppressed for the prevailing hyperinsulinemia, whereas glucose clearance was reduced (P < 0.001). beta-Cell function decreased by approximately 50% (P = 0.002), as assessed by HOMA, and first-phase insulin release decreased by approximately 25%, as assessed by clamp data (P = 0.002). Plasma FFA turnover and clearance both increased significantly (P < 0.001). No differences at baseline or in responses after treatment were observed between drug naïve patients who were started on a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) plus a protease inhibitor and patients who had been on long-term NRTI treatment and had a protease inhibitor added. The present study indicates that protease inhibitor-containing regimens impair glucose tolerance in HIV-infected patients by two mechanisms: 1) inducement of peripheral insulin resistance in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue and 2) impairment of the ability of the beta-cell to compensate.
Copolymerisation of maleic anhydride with electron-acceptor monomers (2002)

Copolymerisation of maleic anhydride with tert.-butyl methacrylate and trimethylsilyl methacrylate was studied. Both monomers form random copolymers with maleic anhydride and in both cases the acceptor monomer is incorporated preferentially into the copolymer. Maleic anhydride which does not homopolymerise has reactivity ratios of approximately zero. The esters have reactivity ratios of 12.8 for trimethylsilyl methacrylate and 2.95 for tert.-butyl methacrylate. Thermal behavior and molar masses were investigated as a function of composition. Conditions for hydrolysis of the trimethylsilyl ester groups to give free acid groups have been established.
Scanning electron microscopy of encapsulated and non-encapsulated Cryptococcus neoformans and the effect of glucose on capsular polysaccharide release 1 (2008)

Cryptococcus neoformans has a polysaccharide capsule composed primarily of glucuronoxylomannan (GXM). This study focuses on the morphology of both encapsulated and non-encapsulated organisms in the presence and absence of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and serum proteins, and the effect of glucose on capsular polysaccharide release. Examination of the encapsulated C. neoformans strains 24067 and 34873 by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed globular cells covered with a loose fibrillar network which was most prominent during the early stationary phase. In the presence of GXM-binding mAbs or serum the capsule border became distinct and bud scars were evident in the fibrillar network. In contrast, SEM of strain 52817, a non-encapsulated mutant of 34873 revealed ovoid cells devoid of a fibrillar network with bud scars and small surface protrusions. mAb 2H1 bound to cells from strains 24067 and 34873 but not 52817. No GXM was detected in supernatants of 52817 culture. For several strains, there was significantly more GXM in culture supernatants using high glucose media. In summary, our results indicate: i) SEM methods for studying capsular structure in C. neoformans; ii) no reactivity by GXM-binding mAb with a non-encapsulated strain; iii) the presence of distinctive bud scars in both encapsulated and non-encapsulated cells; and iv) dependence of GXM concentration on glucose concentration in culture media. The implications of these results are discussed.
NADPH oxidase DUOX1 promotes long-term persistence of oxidative stress after an exposure to irradiation (2015)

Ionizing radiation (IR) causes not only acute tissue damage, but also late effects in several cell generations after the initial exposure. The thyroid gland is one of the most sensitive organs to the carcinogenic effects of IR, and we have recently highlighted that an oxidative stress is responsible for the chromosomal rearrangements found in radio-induced papillary thyroid carcinoma. Using both a human thyroid cell line and primary thyrocytes, we investigated the mechanism by which IR induces the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) several days after irradiation. We focused on NADPH oxidases, which are specialized ROS-generating enzymes known as NOX/DUOX. Our results show that IR induces delayed NADPH oxidase DUOX1-dependent H2O2 production in a dose-dependent manner, which is sustained for several days. We report that p38 MAPK, activated after IR, increased DUOX1 via IL-13 expression, leading to persistent DNA damage and growth arrest. Pretreatment of cells with catalase, a scavenger of H2O2, or DUOX1 down-regulation by siRNA abrogated IR-induced DNA damage. Analysis of human thyroid tissues showed that DUOX1 is elevated not only in human radio-induced thyroid tumors, but also in sporadic thyroid tumors. Taken together, our data reveal a key role of DUOX1-dependent H2O2 production in long-term persistent radio-induced DNA damage. Our data also show that DUOX1-dependent H2O2 production, which induces DNA double-strand breaks, can cause genomic instability and promote the generation of neoplastic cells through its mutagenic effect.