gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Visual Exploration and Discovery of Atypical Behavior in Financial Time Series Data using Two-Dimensional Colormaps (2007)

This work describes two pixel-based paradigms for visual financial time series data analysis that allow analyzing assets in overview and in detail, and offer improved insights into the characteristics of assets compared to traditional visualization methods. We contribute a two-dimensional color coding scheme for inter-Zintra-asset analysis that extends the two paradigms and supports the discovery of significant characteristics of assets, such as atypical " against-the-market" -behavior inform of exceptional stability in case of whole market losses, or the discovery of assets in a portfolio that - while still being profitable - notably underperform the market median. We apply our techniques on real world data sets, and focus on assets of the banks of Switzerland.
Differential regulation of LPS-induced IL-1β and EL-1 receptor antagonist mRNA by IFNα and IFNγ in murine peritoneal macrophages (1994)

IL-1 and its naturally occurring receptor antagonist, IL-1ra, are primarily synthesized by cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage. The balance of the relative amounts of these secreted cytokines has major importance in the pathophysiology of various inflammatory disorders, especially bacterial sepsis and some autoimmune diseases. While both the agonist and the antagonist genes belong to the same family, IL-1β and IL-1ra are differentially regulated. In the present study, we examined the effects of macrophage activating factors, bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), IFNα, and IFNγ, on the regulation of IL-1ra and IL-1β mRNA levels in thioglycollate-elicited mouse peritoneal macrophages. LPS-treatment of cultured macrophages resulted in a 3 to 4-fold increase in IL-1ra mRNA which peaked between 6-12 h, then started to decline but remained well above background levels at 24 h. In comparison to IL-1ra, the LPS-induced increase in IL-1β mRNA was larger, peaked earlier (at 2-4 h), and sharply decreased thereafter. In vivo analysis of mRNA from LPS-injected mice showed a similar temporal pattern of IL-1β and IL-1ra gene expression in bone marrow, spleen, and liver. In contrast to the effects of LPS, treatment with IFNα and IFNγ alone failed to affect the expression of either IL-1ra or IL-1β mRNA in vitro. However, in combination with LPS, IFNα and IFNγ had differential effects on the induction of these cytokines: IFNγ, but not IFNα, augmented the expression of LPS-induced IL-1ra. Conversely, both IFNα and IFNγ suppressed the induction of IL-1β mRNA by LPS. Thus, while IFNα only affects LPS-induced IL-1β gene expression, IFNγ exerts opposing effects on the LPS-induction of the agonist and antagonist, illustrating the complex role of interferons during the inflammatory process.
Health Care Transmission of a Newly Emergent Adenovirus Serotype in Health Care Personnel at a Military Hospital in Texas, 2007 (2009)

Our findings of possible nosocomial transmission of Ad14 highlight the need to reinforce infection control guidelines.
Stereospecific cyclization of vinyl ether alcohols. Facile synthesis of (-)-lardolure (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereospecific cyclization of vinyl ether alcohols. Facile synthesis of (-)-lardolureMakoto Kaino, Yuji Naruse, Kazuaki Ishihara, and Hisashi YamamotoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 23, 5814–5815Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00310a007https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00310a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views440Altmetric-Citations57LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Traffic Signal Phase Truncation in Event of Traffic Flow Restriction (2006)

This paper proposes an improvement to traffic signal controller logic. The concept consists of truncating a phase on which there is demand but with zero or minimal flow owing to a restriction of traffic. Flow restrictions occur for a variety of reasons including queue spillback, stalled vehicles, and railroad blockages. The logic presented in this paper recognizes such a flow restriction and, consequently, terminates the phase in favor of a conflicting call for service. The theory of the concept is addressed, and methods of implementation are explored. Although this research focuses on phase truncation, terminating a phase may not always be the most strategic decision; other priorities can override tactical detection of minimal flow. Therefore, this research considers the feasibility and potential benefit of including phase truncation logic as one component of a more intelligent and strategic controller algorithm. A limited experimental analysis was conducted to qualify the benefit of the phase truncation concept. This analysis was conducted with VISSIM simulation software in conjunction with a hardware-in-the-loop configuration. On the basis of the results of this analysis, which was limited in scope, it was concluded that the phase truncation concept could result in reduced vehicle delay under at least one traffic scenario.
Partial Reversal of Hemolysis-Associated Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Response to Oral Administration of <i>L</i>-Arginine in a Patient with Hereditary Spherocytosis (2007)

creased haptoglobin (0.08 g/l). Doppler echocardiogra-phy showed mild right ventricular dilation, hypertrophy, impaired right ventricular myocardial performance in-dex (0.63, normal 0.28 8 0.04) and elevated right ven-tricular peak systolic pressures of approximately 45 mm Hg (modified Bernoulli equation), without evidence of an intracardiac shunt. Contrast-enhanced 64-slice com-puted tomography excluded the presence of thrombi in the right heart, the proximal and the peripheral pulmo-nary arteries, and showed normal pulmonary venous drainage. Underlying structural pulmonary disease and coronary artery disease were excluded. Invasive right-sided hemodynamic evaluation confirmed pulmonary arterial hypertension (mean pressures of 40 mm Hg), with normal oxygen saturations in the vena cava, atrium, ventricle and pulmonary artery ( table 1 ). Delayed con-trast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance did not re-veal focal septal or right ventricular fibrosis. We started warfarin (international normalized ratio 2–4), aspirin 100 mg daily and
Identification of Rickettsia rickettsii in a guinea pig model by immunofluorescent and electron microscopic techniques. (1977)

Moribund guinea pigs infected with Richettsia rickettsii were examined by necropsy, histology, immunofluorescence, electron microscopy, and serology. Untreated animals died at 9 and 10 days after inoculation. Animals given saline subcutaneously survived from 1 to 4 days longer. Prolonged survival was accompanied by more severe lesions: scrotal necrosis; infarction of ears; and swollen, hemorrhagic footpads, epididymis, and cremaster muscle. Histopathologic examination demonstrated that acute, necrotizing vasculitis, perivascular hemorrhage, and focal necrosis were more extensive. Direct immunofluorescence indicated many more rickettsiae in endothelium and vascular wall of saline recipients. Ultrastructurally, typical rickettsiae were present focally in the cytoplasm of endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells. Cytopathology in infected and adjacent cells included swelling, mitochondrial enlargement with decrease in matrix density and loss of cristae, and increased pinocytosis. In addition, treated animals had more cytonecrosis, thrombosis, extravascular fibrin deposition, prominent inflammatory cells with polymorphonuclear phagocytosis of rickettsiae, and antibody production.
Thiosugars. XV. Further Contribution on Anomalous High Reactivity of Secondary Methanesulfonic Esters in Thiosugars (1969)

1, 2-Di-S-acetyl-3, 4, 6-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-mannopyranose (X) and methyl 1, 2-dithio-2-S-methyl-3, 4, 6-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-mannopyranoside (XI) were synthesized using an unequivocal route. A detailed comparison of the physical constants and NMR data of X with those of 1, 2-di-S-acetyl-3, 4, 6-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-mannopyranose, which had been reported from our laboratory (H. Nakamura, S. Tejima, M. Akagi, Chem. Pharm. Bull. (Tokyo), 14, 648 (1966).) clarified that the previous compound (VI) was the α-anomer of X. The corresponding methyl 1, 2-dithio-2-S-methyl-3, 4, 6-tri-O-acetyl-α-D-mannopyranoside (VII) was prepared from VI. Reaction of potassium thiolacetate with 2-O-mesyl-3, 4, 6-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl N, N-dimethyldithiocarbamate (XVI) afforded three products (XVII, XVIII, VIII) in proportions of 5 : 2 : 3. The structure of the main product (XVII), which had been assigned as 1, 2-dithio-1-N, N-dimethyldithiocarbamoyl-2-S-acetyl-3, 4, 6-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-mannopyranose (S. Ishiguro, S. Tejima, Chem. Pharm. Bull. (Tokyo), 15, 1478 (1967).), was corrected to 1, 2-dithio-1-S-acetyl-2-N, N-dimethyldithiocarbamoyl-3, 4, 6-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-mannopyranose. The by-products, XVIII and VIII, were assigned as 2-N, N-dimethyldithiocarbamoyl-2-deoxy-3, 4, 6-tri-O-acetyl-D-arabino-hexopyranose-1-ene and 1, 2-dideoxy-1, 2-trithiocarbonyl-3, 4, 6-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-mannopyranose, respectively. The reaction mechanisms on the facile substitution of secondary mesyl in thiosugars, which may be more reasonable than before, were discussed.
Totalsynthese von Thymosin β<sub>4</sub>, 1. Klassische Synthese des Fragments [11–19] von Thymosin β<sub>4</sub> (1991)

Total Synthesis of Thymosin β 4 , 1. – Conventional Synthesis of the Fragment [11–19] of Thymosin β 4 As part of the total synthesis of thymosin β 4 two synthetic pathways for the synthesis of the thymosin β 4 fragment [11–19] are described. The side‐chain functions are protected by tert ‐butyl and the α‐amino residues by Z groups. As temporary protection of the carboxyl function the phenyl ester is successfully used.
MSTV Mini-Symposium Preview (2009)

Abstract : MISSION: Provide Rapid Assessment and Integration Services to both Technology and System/Platform Development Programs; Throughout the Lifecycle; Consider Warfighter, System, and System-of-Systems Context. OBJECTIVES: Provide Systems/SoS Perspective to Combat Developer, PM and Tech Developer on Requirements, Tradeoffs and Integration; Provide SWAP, Performance, Operational, Cost, and Sustainment Impacts; Provide and Share Configuration Managed Data on Technologies, Systems, MS Explore Multiple Options and Trades Rapidly; METHODS: Develop Vehicle Concepts and Perform Concept Analysis and Trade Studies.
Robust FPGA intellectual property protection through multiple small watermarks (2003)

A number of researchers have proposed using digital marks to provide ownership identification for intellectual property. Many of these techniques share three specific weaknesses: complexity of copy detection, vulnerability to mark removal after revelation for ownership verification, and mark integrity issues due to partial mark removal. This paper presents a method for watermarking field programmable gate array (FPGA) intellectual property (IP) that achieves robustness by responding to these three weaknesses. The key technique involves using secure hash functions to generate and embed multiple small marks that are more detectable, verifiable, and secure than existing IP protection techniques.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed C—H Arylation Using Aryltrifluoroborates in Conjunction with a Mn<sup>III</sup> Oxidant under Mild Conditions. (2013)

Abstract The development of a mild Pd‐catalyzed C—H arylation reaction using potassium aryltrifluoroborates in conjunction with manganese triacetate as the oxidant is described.
Numerical and asymptotic studies of complex flow dynamics. Annual report 1993 (1993)

Using analytical and numerical methods, the investigators have investigated slightly compressible flows modeled by solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations. General analytical results for ODEs and PDEs with highly oscillatory solutions have been obtained. Work has also been completed on the construction of boundary conditions at artificial boundaries for wave propagation problems and for parabolic systems. In the area of dynamical systems, the investigators have analyzed a novel numerical approach to compute branches of invariant tori. A preliminary code has been developed. New results were obtained on the relationship between the true attractor and its numerical approximations for dissipative dynamical systems. An efficient algorithm for the accurate solution of equations with polynomial coefficients has been developed and applications to the solution of the Navier-Stokes equations in disk geometry have begun.
Raspberry Ketone Reduced Lipid Accumulation in 3T3-L1 Cells and Ovariectomy-Induced Obesity in Wistar Rats by Regulating Autophagy Mechanisms (2017)

This study aimed to determine the antiobesity effects of raspberry ketone (RK), one of the major aromatic compounds contained in raspberry, and its underlying mechanisms. During adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells, RK (300 μM) significantly reduced lipid accumulation and downregulated the expression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα), peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4), and fatty acid synthase (FAS). RK also reduced the expression of light chain 3B (LC3B), autophagy-related protein 12 (Atg12), sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), and phosphorylated-tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC2), whereas it increased the level of p62 and phosphorylated-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Daily administration of RK decreased the body weight (ovariectomy [Ovx] + RK, 352.6 ± 5 vs Ovx, 386 ± 5.8 g; P < 0.05), fat mass (Ovx + RK, 3.2 ± 0.05 vs Ovx, 5.0 ± 0.4 g; P < 0.05), and fat cell size (Ovx + RK, 6.4 ± 0.6 vs Ovx, 11.1 ± 0.7 × 10<sup>3</sup> μm<sup>2</sup>; P < 0.05) in Ovx-induced obesity in rats. The expression of PPARγ, C/EBPα, FAS, and FABP4 was significantly reduced in the Ovx + RK group compared with that in the Ovx group. Similar patterns were observed in autophagy-related proteins and endoplasmic reticulum stress proteins. These results suggest that RK inhibited lipid accumulation by regulating autophagy in 3T3-L1 cells and Ovx-induced obese rats.
Screening for osteoporosis: what is the role of heel ultrasound? (1996)

Could focused population screening detect osteoporosis earlier and improve the management of this major health care problem? Quantitative ultrasound of the calcaneus is currently being proposed as a suitable screening technique. Correlations between quantitative ultrasound of the calcaneus and dual energy x-ray absorptiometry of bone mineral density of the spine and proximal femur are not high enough to reliably predict bone mineral density at the lumbar spine or proximal femur from the ultrasound results. Some ongoing longitudinal studies suggest that quantitative ultrasound may none the less detect individuals at increased risk of fracture, but its use for mass screening for osteoporosis would be premature.
Highly Reliable Ring-Type Contact for High-Density Phase Change Memory (2006)

An advanced bottom electrode contact (BEC) was successfully developed for reliable high-density 256Mb phase-change random access memory (PRAM) using a ring-type contact scheme. This advanced ring-type BEC was prepared by depositing very thin TiN films inside a contact hole, after which core dielectrics were uniformly filled into the TiN-deposited contact hole. Using this novel contact scheme, it was possible to reduce reset current while maintaining a low set resistance and a uniform cell distribution. Thus, it has been clearly demonstrated that the use of the ring-type contact technology is very feasible for high-density PRAM beyond 256 Mb.
On the Stretcher-Strain Markings and Yield Phenomena in Al-Li Alloy (1963)

Experiments were carried out to study the stretcher-strain markings and yield phenomena in aluminium-lithium (1.0∼3.0%) binary alloy.Two different types of yield phenomena in Al-3%Li alloy were observed in the precipitated state of second phase and in the aged state after solution heat-treatment.The former was observed in the non-recrystallized sheet with stretcher-strain markings when it was annealed at 300°∼375°C after having had intermediate heat-treatment at 340°C. Then, the yield phenomenon became more pronounced with the reduction of cold working but it had no connection with anisotropy in the annealed sheet.The yield phenomenon which was observed in the latter in the state of being aged at 110°∼190°C after having had solution heat-treatment at 520°C was small and free from stretcher-strain markings, and it was more similar to that of Al-Mg alloy than the former because it could be eliminated by the 3% skin pass or by the control of grain size to above 0.055 mm.Regarding to the mechanism of the yield phenomenon in the former, it might be due to the contribution of small and stable precipitates to resist the movement of dislocations, while in the latter, this phenomenon might be due to the dislocation pinning casused by the segregation of lithium atoms in aluminium matrix or the atmosphere locking.
Clinical and Molecular Characteristics of Childhood-Onset Stargardt Disease (2014)

Childhood-onset STGD is associated with severe visual loss, early morphologic changes, and often generalized retinal dysfunction, despite often having less severe fundus abnormalities on examination. One third of children do not have flecks at presentation. The relatively high proportion of deleterious ABCA4 variants supports the hypothesis that earlier onset disease is often owing to more severe variants in ABCA4 than those found in adult-onset disease.
Quantification of Allophane from Ecuador (2010)

Abstract Allophane is a very fine-grained clay mineral which is especially common in Andosols. Its importance in soils derives from its large reactive surface area. Owing to its short-range order, allophane cannot be quantified by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) directly. It is commonly dissolved from the soil by applying extraction methods. In the present study the standard extraction method (oxalate) was judged to be unsuitable for the quantification of allophane in a soil/clay deposit from Ecuador, probably because of the large allophane content (>60 wt.%). This standard extraction method systematically underestimated the allophane content but the weakness was less pronounced in samples with small allophane contents. In the case of allophane-rich materials, the Rietveld XRD technique, using an internal standard to determine the sum of X-ray amorphous phases, is recommended if appropriate structural models are available for the other phases present in the sample. The allophane (+imogolite) content is measured by subtracting the amount of oxalate-soluble phases (e.g. ferrihydrite). No correction would be required if oxalate-soluble Fe were incorporated in the allophane structure. The present study, however, provides no evidence for this hypothesis. Mössbauer and scanning electron microscopy investigations indicate that goethite and poorly ordered hematite are the dominant Fe minerals and occur as very fine grains (or coatings) being dispersed in the cloud-like allophane aggregates. Allophane is known to adsorb appreciable amounts of water, depending on ambient conditions. The mass fraction of the sample attributed to this mineral thus changes accordingly; the choice of a reference hydration state is, therefore, a fundamental factor in the quantification of allophane in a sample. Results from the present study revealed that (1) drying at 105ºC produced a suitable reference state, and (2) water adsorption has no effect on quantification by XRD analysis.
Fusion of pairwise nearest-neighbor classifiers based on pairwise-weighted distance metric and Dempster-Shafer theory (2014)

International audience
[A transferable "myasthenogenic" factor in the serum of patients with myasthenia gravis (author's transl)]. (1976)

Recent evidence indicates that patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) have a reduced number of acetylcholine receptors (Ach-R) at the neuromuscular junction. It has been shown that this abnormality by itself, when produced experimentally, may induce all electrophysiological signs of MG. Furthermore, autoantibodies against human Ach-R have been detected in the serum of patients with MG. It has been proposed that serum autoantibodies may produce the symptomatology of the disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether prolonged exposure to a MG serum fraction in vivo might serve to bring about the myasthenic disorder. A 33% ammonium sulfate precipitated fraction of serum from 9 patients with MG was injected daily into BDF1 mice for up to 14 days. The amount of IgG in this fraction equaled 10-15 mg per single injection. The mice showed reduced amplitudes of the miniature endplate potentials in the diaphragm (mean reduction by 65%), and a reduced number of Ach-R available for 125I-alpha-bungarotoxin binding (mean reduction by 38% in the extensor digitorum m. and 54% in the soleus m.). In some of the mice a decremental response on repetitive nerve stimulation and clinical signs of muscle weakness could also be demonstrated. None of the animals injected with the immunoglobulin fraction from control sera developed these abnormalities. The results indicate that the immunoglobulin fraction of MG serum contains a transferable "myasthenogenic" factor, presumably an antibody, which is able to bring about many of the characteristic features of MG. These findings provide support for the concept of MG as an autoimmune disease.
The Type III Secretion Effector NleE Inhibits NF-κB Activation (2010)

The complex host-pathogen interplay involves the recognition of the pathogen by the host's innate immune system and countermeasures taken by the pathogen. Detection of invading bacteria by the host leads to rapid activation of the transcription factor NF-kappaB, followed by inflammation and eradication of the intruders. In response, some pathogens, including enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), acquired means of blocking NF-kappaB activation. We show that inhibition of NF-kappaB activation by EPEC involves the injection of NleE into the host cell. Importantly, we show that NleE inhibits NF-kappaB activation by preventing activation of IKKbeta and consequently the degradation of the NF-kappaB inhibitor, IkappaB. This NleE activity is enhanced by, but is not dependent on, a second injected effector, NleB. In conclusion, this study describes two effectors, NleB and NleE, with no similarity to other known proteins, used by pathogens to manipulate NF-kappaB signaling pathways.