gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Autoradiographical Studies of in Vitro and Chronic in Vivo Effects of Propentofylline on Adenosine A<sub>1</sub>and A<sub>2</sub>Receptors and NBMPR-Sensitive Nucleoside Transporters (1991)

Abstract Propentofylline is a novel xanthine that has been shown to limit the extent neuronal damage induced by cerebral ischemia in gerbils (DeLeo et al., 1987). This is in contrast to other xanthines, including, caffeine and theophylline, that increase the extent of damage (Rudolphi et al., 1987; Dux et al., 1987). Propentofylline has been demonstrated to decrease adenosine uptake into human erythrocytes (Fredholm and Lindström, 1986), and to increase extracellular concentration of adenosine in ischemic barain (Andine et al., 1990). Therefore, it was proposed that this compound provides protection in cerebral ischemia, in part, by adenosine receptor stimulation due to increased endogenous adenosine levels.
Undoped cuprate superconductors — band superconductors or oxygen-doped Mott-Hubbard superconductors? (2008)

Undoped cuprates have long been considered to be antiferromagnetic Mott insulators (charge-transfer insulators). In this article we report that one group of cuprates, namely RE2CuO4 with the Nd2CuO4 (T') structure, become superconducting without doping. Our discovery was achieved by metal-organic decomposition, an inexpensive and easy-to-implement thin-film process. The highest Tc of undoped T'-RE2CuO4 is over 30 K, substantially higher than their 'electron-doped' analogs. Remarkably, Gd2CuO4, even the derivatives of which have not shown superconductivity so far, gets superconducting with Tconset as high as 20 K. Our discovery contradicts with the past results supporting undoped cuprates to be generally insulating. The clue to understanding the sharp contrast between the past and our results is impurity oxygen (Oap) at the apical site. The implication of our discovery is briefly discussed.
Factor Endowments and Trade with Increasing Returns: Generalizations and Extentions (1990)

Existing Trade Models Using Scale economies of the external or average-cost pricing type tend to be restrictive in terms of dimensionality functional forms, etc. Robustness of the results is unclear, and the purpose of this paper is to reexamine the same issues in a more general model. Some degree of generalization is achieved on the issues of (A) the direction of trade, (B) international factor-price differences, (C) factor mobility and the volume of trade, and (D) the welfare effects of endowment changes. [411]
The validity of the operator expansion method, a new formalism for wave scattering from rough surfaces. (1991)

A new method for computing wave scattering from rough surfaces has been proposed [D. M. Milder, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 89, 529–541 (1991)]. The solution is obtained using a nonlocal operator that directly relates the surface values of the scattered field to the surface values of its normal derivative. This operator is expressed as a series of terms containing powers of an integral operator, which for a field incident on a flat surface provides the vertical derivative of the scattered field through Fourier transforms. The method has been applied to Dirichlet surfaces whose height varies randomly in only one direction (1-D surfaces) with either Gaussian or power law (Pierson–Moskowitz) spectra. Through comparison with an exact numerical method, the tapered plane-wave integral equation method [E. I. Thorsos, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 83, 78–92 (1988)], the operator expansion (OE) solution is seen to have a remarkably broad region of validity, while its computational cost is orders of magnitude lower than that of the integral equation. Indeed, when computed to first order, the OE method is accurate when the Kirchhoff approximation is valid, and also when first-order small perturbation theory is valid, a result expected from the asymptotic properties of the analytical solution. Several numerical examples illustrating the wide accuracy of the rapid convergence of the OE solution will be presented. [Work supported by ONR.]
Human Area Networking Technology: RedTacton Special Feature (2005)

Ubiquitous services that are genuinely user-friendly to everyone will require technologies that enable communication between people and objects in close proximity. Focusing on the naturalness, inevitability, and sense of security conveyed by touching in everyday life, this article describes human area networking technology that enables communication by touching, which we call RedTacton. Here, the human body acts as a transmission medium supporting IEEE 802.3 half-duplex communication at 10 Mbit/s. The key component of the transceiver is an electric-field sensor implemented with an electrooptic crystal and laser light.
Preoperative Androgen Deprivation Therapy: Artificial Lowering of Serum Prostate Specific Antigen without Downstaging the Tumor (1993)

We studied 22 patients with clinical stage B2 (T2c) or C (T3) prostate cancer who underwent androgen deprivation therapy before radical prostatectomy as part of a downstaging protocol (group 1). The concentration of serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) was determined before and at the conclusion of androgen deprivation therapy, just before the operation. For each group 1 patient a match patient who had not received preoperative endocrine therapy (group 2) was chosen. The age of the group 2 patients was similar to that of the group 1 patients. The clinical stage of disease and pretreatment tumor grade in group 2 were identical to the stage and grade in group 1, and the serum PSA value in group 2 was similar to that of group 1 before initiation of androgen deprivation therapy. In group 1 the median serum PSA concentration was 14.8 ng./ml. (range 3.1 to 99) before endocrine therapy and 0.2 ng./ml. (range 0.1 to 3.4) after hormonal treatment. Group 2 had a median level of 13.3 ng./ml. (range 3.4 to 100). The median decrease in the serum PSA concentration for group 1 as a result of androgen deprivation therapy was 98.5%. The radical prostatectomy specimens from these 2 groups of similar patients had no difference with regard to maximal tumor dimension, pathological stage and deoxyribonucleic acid ploidy status. These findings indicate that serum PSA becomes an unreliable indicator of disease status after initiating preoperative androgen deprivation therapy and that preoperative androgen deprivation therapy has little or no benefit for decreasing the extent of tumor or pathological stage. The concept of downstaging is misleading and must be examined in a randomized clinical trial.
Direkte Bestimmung der Additionsgeschwindigkeiten von Carbenium‐Ionen an Alkene (1986)

Für das Verständnis kationischer Polymerisationen ist die Kenntnis der Aktivierungsparameter der Titelreaktion von Bedeutung. Sie konnten jetzt erstmals bestimmt werden. Reaktion (1) verläuft exakt nach erster ordnung bezüglich beider Edukte, ohne daß Komplikationen durch Ionenpaar‐Gleichgewichte auftreten. magnified image
Length dependence of the second-order optical nonlinearity in conjugated hydrocarbons (1981)

Experimental results and a theoretical model are presented which give strong evidence that the ratio β/L2μM is a constant for a large class of disubstituted conjugated hydrocarbons, β is the second-order polarizability, μM the mesomeric dipole moment, and L the length of the hydrocarbon chain.
Synthesis of oligonucleotides containing the Dewar valence isomer of the (6–4) photoproduct and their application to (6–4) photolyase studies (2006)

The (6-4) photoproduct, which is a major UV light-induced lesion formed between adjacent pyrimidine bases, is isomerized to its Dewar valence isomer by exposure to longer wavelengths. We have synthesized a phosphoramidite building block of the Dewar photoproduct formed at the thymidylyl(3'-5')thymidine site, and incorporated it into oligonucleotides on a DNA synthesizer, aiming to use them for biological studies. An alternative activator, benzimidazolium triflate, gave better results, while by-products were detected at longer retention time in the ordinary synthesis. We characterized the synthetic oligonucleotides by UV conversion, nuclease digestion and mass spectrometry. Their use in the study of the (6-4) photolyase, a DNA repair enzyme, revealed its different recognition modes between the (6-4) photoproduct and the Dewar isomer.
1447: Neurotrophic Signal Transduction in Major Pelvic Ganglia (2004)

You have accessJournal of UrologyDiscussed Poster, Tuesday, May 11, 2004, 8:00 am - 12:00 pm1 Apr 20041447: Neurotrophic Signal Transduction in Major Pelvic Ganglia Guiting Lin, Ching-Shwun Lin, Tom F. Lue, and San Francisco Guiting LinGuiting Lin More articles by this author , Ching-Shwun LinChing-Shwun Lin More articles by this author , Tom F. LueTom F. Lue More articles by this author , and San FranciscoSan Francisco More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)38672-5AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "1447: Neurotrophic Signal Transduction in Major Pelvic Ganglia." The Journal of Urology, 171(4S), p. 381 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 171Issue 4SApril 2004Page: 381 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Guiting Lin More articles by this author Ching-Shwun Lin More articles by this author Tom F. Lue More articles by this author San Francisco More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Experimental control of pattern formation by photonic lattices (2008)

We study the control of modulational instability and pattern formation in a nonlinear dissipative feedback system with a periodic modulation of the material refractive index. We use a one-dimensional photonic lattice in a single-mirror feedback configuration and identify three mechanisms for pattern control: bandgap suppression of instability modes, periodicity induced pattern modes, and orientational pattern control.
Direct Observation of the High Magnetic Field Effect on the Jahn-Teller State in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mi>TbVO</mml:mi><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math> (2008)

We report the first direct observation of the influence of high magnetic fields on the Jahn-Teller (JT) transition in TbVO(4). Contrary to spectroscopic and magnetic methods, x-ray diffraction directly measures the JT distortion; the splitting between the (311)/(131) and (202)/(022) pairs of Bragg reflections is proportional to the order parameter. Our experimental results are compared to mean-field calculations, taking into account all possible orientations of the grains relative to the applied field, and qualitative agreement is obtained.
The role of ATF‐2 in oncogenesis (2008)

Activating Transcription Factor-2 is a sequence-specific DNA-binding protein that belongs to the bZIP family of proteins and plays diverse roles in the mammalian cells. In response to stress stimuli, it activates a variety of gene targets including cyclin A, cyclin D and c-jun, which are involved in oncogenesis in various tissue types. ATF-2 expression has been correlated with maintenance of a cancer cell phenotype. However, other studies demonstrate an antiproliferative or apoptotic role for ATF-2. In this review, we summarize the signaling pathways that activate ATF-2, as well as its downstream targets. We examine the role of ATF-2 in carcinogenesis with respect to other bZIP proteins, using data from studies in human cancer cell lines, human tumours and mouse models, and we propose a potential model for its function in carcinogenesis, as well as a theoretical basis for its utility in anticancer drug design.
Influence of the Network Modifier Content on the Bioactivity of Silicate Glasses (2003)

The influence of the substitution of calcium oxide for sodium oxide in the composition of silica-based glasses on the in vitro bioactivity is presented. Valuable information on the active Si-O groups present in the glasses is obtained by Fourier Transform Raman and Infrared spectroscopies. In vitro test analysis by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis show a correlation between the network disruption induced by the modifier type and the bioactive process. It is demonstrated that glasses with high SiO2 content can be bioactive depending on the alkali/alkali-earth modifiers ratio included into the vitreous silica network.
Chemical composition and anti-inflammatory evaluation of essential oils from leaves and stem barks from Drimys brasiliensis Miers (Winteraceae) (2010)

The essential oils from leaves and stem barks from Drimys brasiliensis Miers (Winteraceae) were individually obtained by hydrodistillation and their compounds characterized by use of GC/FID and GC/MS. The main identified derivatives were monoterpenes (leaves 4.31% and stem barks 90.02%) and sesquiterpenes (leaves 52.31% and stem barks 6.35%). Additionally, the sesquiterpene polygodial was isolated from hexane extract from stem barks of D. brasiliensis after chromatographic steps and characterized by spectroscopic means, mainly NMR. Aiming the evaluation of anti-inflammatory potential, the crude essential oils and the sesquiterpene polygodial were subjected to bioassays to evaluate the acute toxicity of these compounds as well as the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities induced by carrageenan and formalin in mices. Ours results showed that essential oil obtained from the stem barks significantly reduced the oedema induced by carrageenan. The anti-inflammatory effect induced by stem barks oil (at 200 mg kg-1) was similar to observed for indomethacin (at 10 mg kg-1) and superior for polygodial (at 200 mg kg-1) in 30 and 60 min after the administration of essential oils. The inflammatory response induced by formalin was effective to the stem barks oil (62.5%) in comparison to polygodial (50.0%).
Dynamic Environment Communications Analysis Testbed (DECAT) and Its Applications to Dual Use Space Technology (1994)

The Communication System Simulation Laboratory (CSSL) at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)/Johnson Space Center (JSC) provides a facility for analyzing simulating space communication systems. The CSSL has simulation tools that model NASA communication systems and the environment in which they operate. One of these tools is a radio frequency coverage analysis tool called the Dynamic Environment Communications Analysis Testbed (DECAT). This paper focuses on DECAT and its applications to the Space Station and Space Shuttle programs.
Direct Transcriptional Control of the Plasminogen Activator Gene of <i>Yersinia pestis</i> by the Cyclic AMP Receptor Protein (2007)

Horizontal gene transfer events followed by proper regulatory integration of a gene drive rapid evolution of bacterial pathogens. A key event in the evolution of the highly virulent plague bacterium Yersinia pestis was the acquisition of plasmid pPCP1, which carries the plasminogen activator gene, pla. This promoted the bubonic form of the disease by increasing bacterial dissemination from flea bite sites and incidentally enhanced replication in respiratory airways during pneumonic infection. We determined that expression of pla is controlled by the global regulator cyclic AMP (cAMP) receptor protein (Crp). This transcription factor is well conserved among distantly related bacteria, where it acts as a soluble receptor for the ubiquitous signaling molecule cAMP and controls a global network of metabolic and stress-protective genes. Crp has a similar physiological role in Y. pestis since loss of its function resulted in an inability to metabolize a variety of nonglucose substrates. Activation of pla expression requires a transcription activation element of the pla promoter that serves as a Crp binding site. Crp interaction with this site was demonstrated to occur only in the presence of cAMP. Alteration of the Crp binding site nucleotide sequence prevented in vitro formation of Crp-DNA complexes and inhibited in vivo expression of pla. The placement of pla under direct regulatory control of Crp highlights how highly adapted pathogens integrate laterally acquired genes to coordinate virulence factor expression with global gene networks to maintain homeostasis through the infectious life cycle.
Linear-time accurate lattice algorithms for tail conditional expectation (2014)

This paper proposes novel lattice algorithms to compute tail conditional expectation of European calls and puts in linear time. We incorporate the technique of prefix-sum into tilting, trinomial, and extrapolation algorithms as well as some syntheses of these algorithms. Furthermore, we introduce fractional-step lattices to help reduce interpolation error in the extrapolation algorithms. We demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of these algorithms with numerical results. A key finding is that combining the techniques of tilting lattice, extrapolation, and fractional steps substantially increases speed and accuracy.
Glutathione and the rate of cellular proliferation determine tumour cell sensitivity to tumour necrosis factor <i>in vivo</i> (1997)

Low rates of cellular proliferation are associated with low GSH content and enhanced sensitivity of Ehrlich ascites-tumour (EAT) cells to the cytotoxic effects of recombinant human tumour necrosis factor (rhTNF-alpha). Buthionine sulphoximine, a selective inhibitor of GSH synthesis, inhibited tumour growth and increased rhTNF-alpha cytoxicity in vitro. Administration of sublethal doses (10(6)units/kg per day) of rhTNF-alpha to EAT-bearing mice promoted oxidative stress (as measured by increases in intracellular peroxide levels, O2(-); generation and mitochondrial GSSG) and resulted in a slight reduction (19%) in tumour cell number when controls showed the highest rate of cellular proliferation. ATP (1mmol/kg per day)-induced selective GSH depletion, when combined with rhTNF-alpha administration, afforded a 61% inhibition of tumour growth and resulted in a significant extension of host survival. Administration of N-acetylcysteine (1mmol/kg per day) or GSH ester (5mmol/kg per day) abolished the rhTNF-alpha- and ATP-induced effects on tumour growth by maintaining high GSH levels in the cancer cells. Our results demonstrate that the sensitivity of tumour cells to rhTNF-alpha in vivo depends on their GSH content and their rate of proliferation.
Enhancement, adaptation, and the binaural system (2008)

In a test sound consisting of a burst of pink noise, an arbitrarily selected target frequency band can be "enhanced" by the previous presentation of a similar noise with a spectral notch in the target frequency region. As a result of the enhancement, the test sound evokes a pitch sensation corresponding to the pitch of the target band. Here, a pitch comparison task was used to assess enhancement. In the first experiment, a stronger enhancement effect was found when the test sound and its precursor had the same interaural time difference (ITD) than when they had opposite ITDs. Two subsequent experiments were concerned with the audibility of an instance of dichotic pitch in binaural test sounds preceded by precursors. They showed that it is possible to enhance a frequency region on the sole basis of ITD manipulations, using spectrally identical test sounds and precursors. However, the observed effects were small. A major goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that enhancement originates at least in part from neural adaptation processes taking place at a central level of the auditory system. The data failed to provide strong support for this hypothesis.
Identification of Alignment Errors in Five-Axis Machining Centers. (1994)

This paper deals with the theoretical identification of alignment errors for five-axis machining centers. The form-shaping function which takes geometrical errors into account is theoretically derived for the error analysis of precision machine tools. The relationship between error sources and machined error is expressed by using the transformation matrices. In the five-axis machining center, errors in the relative position between the workpiece and the cutting tool directly affect the accuracy of the operation being performed. This positional error originates from numerous factors including geometrical errors of the structure elements, kinematic errors related to the motion of these elements, or thermally induced errors, static and dynamic deflection, etc. Alignment errors have basic effects on the machining error. In this paper, therefore, the effect of alignment errors is clarified by using the form-shaping function. Assuming the use of a double-ball-bar device, the measurement method for alignment errors in a five-axis machining center is proposed. Additionally, eleven (11) alignment errors in a five-axis machining center can be identified from measured values obtained by double-ball-bar.
More on "flipped" lactate dehydrogenase patterns in myocardial infarction. (1984)

Journal Article More on "flipped" lactate dehydrogenase patterns in myocardial infarction. Get access D E Bruns, D E Bruns Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J Savory, J Savory Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M R Wills M R Wills Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical Chemistry, Volume 30, Issue 11, 1 November 1984, Pages 1881–1882, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/30.11.1881a Published: 01 November 1984
Myelination of Congenitally Dysmyelinated Spinal Cord Axons by Adult Neural Precursor Cells Results in Formation of Nodes of Ranvier and Improved Axonal Conduction (2007)

Emerging evidence suggests that cell-based remyelination strategies may be a feasible therapeutic approach for CNS diseases characterized by myelin deficiency as a result of trauma, congenital anomalies, or diseases. Although experimental demyelination models targeted at the transient elimination of oligodendrocytes have suggested that transplantation-based remyelination can partially restore axonal molecular structure and function, it is not clear whether such therapeutic approaches can be used to achieve functional remyelination in models associated with long-term, irreversible myelin deficiency. In this study, we transplanted adult neural precursor cells (aNPCs) from the brain of adult transgenic mice into the spinal cords of adult Shiverer (shi/shi) mice, which lack compact CNS myelin. Six weeks after transplantation, the transplanted aNPCs expressed oligodendrocyte markers, including MBP, migrated extensively along the white matter tracts of the spinal cord, and formed compact myelin. Conventional and three-dimensional confocal and electron microscopy revealed axonal ensheathment, establishment of paranodal junctional complexes leading to de novo formation of nodes of Ranvier, and partial reconstruction of the juxtaparanodal and paranodal molecular regions of axons based on Kv1.2 and Caspr (contactin-associated protein) expression by the transplanted aNPCs. Electrophysiological recordings revealed improved axonal conduction along the transplanted segments of spinal cords. We conclude that myelination of congenitally dysmyelinated adult CNS axons by grafted aNPCs results in the formation of compact myelin, reconstruction of nodes of Ranvier, and enhanced axonal conduction. These data suggest the therapeutic potential of aNPCs to promote functionally significant myelination in CNS disorders characterized by longstanding myelin deficiency.