gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Operating Simultaneously Two In-Vacuum Canted Undulators in Synchrotron SOLEIL (2017)

Each long SOLEIL beamline, ANATOMIX and Nanoscopium, takes a photon beam from an in-vacuum undulator with a minimum gap of 5.5 mm. The canted radiation sources are installed in a long straight section of the storage ring. The first closure of both undulators led to the severe damage of the downstream undulator in 2011. The reason for this incident has been investigated and clearly identified. A long-term project has enabled us to find a technical solution for a simultaneous operation of both undulators. A special angle fast interlock was designed and a dedicated photon absorber has been introduced at the entrance of the second undulator while keeping the impact on the beam performance as low as possible. The main technical steps will be reported with an interim solution put in place in spring 2015 and a final solution deployed and validated in May 2016.
Accumulation of Deleterious Passenger Mutations Is Associated with the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2016)

In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), somatic genome-wide DNA mutations are numerous, universal and heterogeneous. Some of these somatic mutations are drivers of the malignant process but the vast majority are passenger mutations. These passenger mutations can be deleterious to individual protein function but are tolerated by the cell or are offset by a survival advantage conferred by driver mutations. It is unknown if these somatic deleterious passenger mutations (DPMs) develop in the precancerous state of cirrhosis or if it is confined to HCC. Therefore, we studied four whole-exome sequencing datasets, including patients with non-cirrhotic liver (n = 12), cirrhosis without HCC (n = 6) and paired HCC with surrounding non-HCC liver (n = 74 paired samples), to identify DPMs. After filtering out putative germline mutations, we identified 187±22 DPMs per non-diseased tissue. DPMs number was associated with liver disease progressing to HCC, independent of the number of exonic mutations. Tumours contained significantly more DPMs compared to paired non-tumour tissue (258-293 per HCC exome). Cirrhosis- and HCC-associated DPMs do not occur predominantly in specific genes, chromosomes or biological pathways and the effect on tumour biology is presently unknown. Importantly, for the first time we have shown a significant increase in DPMs with HCC.
Coordination polymers of Fe(<scp>iii</scp>) and Al(<scp>iii</scp>) ions with TCA ligand: distinctive fluorescence, CO<sub>2</sub>uptake, redox-activity and oxygen evolution reaction (2016)

Fe and Al belong to different groups in the periodic table, one from the p-block and the other from the d-block. In spite of their different groups, they have the similarity of exhibiting a stable 3+ oxidation state. Here we have prepared Fe(iii) and Al(iii) based coordination polymers in the form of metal-organic gels with the 4,4',4''-tricarboxyltriphenylamine (TCA) ligand, namely Fe-TCA and Al-TCA, and evaluated some important physicochemical properties. Specifically, the electrical conductivity, redox-activity, porosity, and electrocatalytic activity (oxygen evolution reaction) of the Fe-TCA system were noted to be remarkably higher than those of the Al-TCA system. As for the photophysical properties, almost complete quenching of the fluorescence originating from TCA was observed in case of the Fe-TCA system, whereas for the Al-TCA system a significant retention of fluorescence with red-shifted emission was observed. Quantum mechanical calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) were performed to unravel the origin of such discriminative behaviour of these coordination polymer systems.
The Influence of the Amorphous Phase on Ion Distributions and Annealing Behavior of Group III and Group V Ions Implanted into Silicon (1971)

A study has been made of room‐temperature implantations of group III and group V ions into amorphous Si layers prepared by the previous implantation of Si ions into crystalline Si substrates. Neutron activation combined with anodic oxidation and HF stripping techniques was used to determine the proflies of the implanted ions for Ga71 and Sb121. Electrical evaluation of the implanted layers by Hall effect and sheet resistivity measurements in conjunction with layer removal techniques yielded profiles of the net electrically active species and the depth variation of mobility after annealing for 30 min in the temperature range 600°–900°C. The ion species studied were B11 (60–200 keV), Al27 (200 keV), Ga69&71 (140 and 280 keV), P31 (100–280 keV), As75 (280 keV), Sb121&123 (120 and 260 keV), and Bi209 (240 keV). The epitaxial regrowth of the amorphous phase at 600°C causes most of the implanted ions within this region to become electrically active and uncompensated for the ion species B, P, As, Sb, and Bi even for peak ion concentrations in excess of 1020 cm−3. For Al and Ga implants, the number of carriers was less than the number of implanted ions. The profiles obtained for these implantations into amorphous Si were compared with predictions based on the theory of Lindhard, Scharff, and Schiott.
Comprehensive comparative evaluation of single- and multi-stage three-phase power converters for photovoltaic applications (2012)

For utility-scale photovoltaic (PV) power plants, the trend goes towards larger installations with reduced levelized costs of electricity. Further cost reductions can be achieved by modular and redundant inverter topologies, which enable higher reliabilities and a better overall system availability. In this paper, a comparative evaluation of selected three-phase single-and multi-stage voltage source inverters with rated power of 50kW for modular utility-scale PV plants is presented. Based on detailed loss, volume and thermal models, the inverter systems are designed according to a variety of constraints and standards covering a wide range of practical issues, such as grid codes, EMI requirements and lifetime considerations. Finally, for different operational switching frequencies, the optimal topologies are identified by means of an analysis regarding achievable efficiencies, power density and required semiconductor chip areas.
Re‐calibration and external validation of an existing nomogram to predict aggressive recurrences after radical prostatectomy (2009)

Study Type – Prognosis (case series) Level of Evidence 4 OBJECTIVE To re‐calibrate the previously published Duke Prostate Center (DPC) nomogram for the prediction of biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy (RP) to not only predict overall BCR but also the clinically more relevant endpoint of an aggressive recurrence (i.e. a BCR with a postoperative PSA doubling time (PSADT) of <9 months). PATIENTS AND METHODS Using the established point‐scale system based upon the previously published DPC nomogram, we re‐calibrated this point system to predict not just BCR, but also aggressive BCR within 2599 men treated with RP from the DPC database. PSADT was computed on all patients meeting the recurrence definition who had a minimum of two PSA values, separated by at least 3 months, and ≤2 years after recurrence. External validation was performed using data from 1695 men treated with RP within the Shared Equal Access Regional Cancer Hospital (SEARCH) database by calculating the concordance index c and by plotting calibration curves. RESULTS The median follow‐up for patients with no BCR was 56 and 47 months for DPC and SEARCH, respectively. In the DPC modelling cohort and the SEARCH validation cohort, 645 (25%) and 557 (33%) men had BCR, while 83 (3.2%) and 71 (4.2%) patients had an aggressive recurrence. In external validation, predictive accuracy for an aggressive BCR was high (c = 0.83) and the nomogram showed good calibration. CONCLUSIONS We re‐calibrated an existing nomogram to not only predict overall BCR after RP but also aggressive recurrence after RP. Our new tool can provide valuable information for patient counselling and patient selection for adjuvant therapy trials.
Amplification process in a laser injected by a narrow band weak signal (2000)

The process of amplification of light by a laser set above its oscillation threshold is studied. This laser has a wide bandwidth (typically 100 MHz) and is injected by a signal whose bandwidth is much narrower, which allows to separate the amplified signal from the ordinary laser spectral density. Theoretical calculations are based on simple semiclassical formulas and agree with the experimental results which are performed at 1.55 μm using single-mode semiconductor lasers. The amplification arises from a progressive channeling of energy from the wider laser line onto the narrow injected signal.
On pentagon, ten-term, and tetrahedron relations (1996)

The tetrahedron equation in a special substitution is reduced to a pair of pentagon and one ten-term equations. Various examples of solutions are found. $O$-doubles of Novikov, which generalize the Heisenberg double of a Hopf algebra, provide a particular algebraic solution to the problem.
A Novel Photocathode Material for Sunlight‐Driven Overall Water Splitting: Solid Solution of ZnSe and Cu(In,Ga)Se<sub>2</sub> (2016)

Thin films of a solid solution of ZnSe and CuIn 0.7 Ga 0.3 Se 2 ((ZnSe) x (CIGS) 1–x ) are prepared by co‐evaporation. Structural characterization reveals that the ZnSe and CIGS form a solid solution with no phase separation. (ZnSe) 0.85 (CIGS) 0.15 ‐based photocathodes modified with Pt, Mo, Ti, and CdS exhibit a photocurrent of 7.1 mA cm −2 at 0 V RHE , and a relatively high onset potential of 0.89 V RHE under simulated sunlight. A two‐electrode cell containing a (ZnSe) 0.85 (CIGS) 0.15 photocathode and a BiVO 4 ‐based photoanode has an initial solar‐to‐hydrogen conversion efficiency of 0.91%, which is one of the highest values reported for a photoanode–photocathode combination. Thus, (ZnSe) 0.85 (CIGS) 0.15 is a promising photocathode material for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting.
Solder joint fatigue: comparison of hand soldering to vapor phase soldering on surface mounted components for aerospace applications (2002)

The solder fatigue life of hand-soldered joints was compared to vapor-phase-soldered joints by thermal cycling circuit cards populated with surface-mount components. Four package types were tested: two sizes of chip components (2512 and 0805), 14-pin gull wing flatpacks and 44-pin leadless ceramic chip carriers. Various process flows were correlated with solder joint reliability. The test samples were temperature cycled, over 7500 cycles from -30/spl deg/C to +100/spl deg/C for more than a year. Results of the temperature cycling indicate several interesting trends including some which are counter to expectations. Differences in component form and solder joint properties are likely explanations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Line-driven radiative outflows in luminous quasars (2014)

An analysis of ~19500 narrow (<200 km/s) CIV 1548.2,1550.8 absorbers in ~34000 Sloan Digital Sky Survey quasar spectra is presented. The statistics of the number of absorbers as a function of outflow-velocity shows that in approximately two-thirds of outflows, with multiple CIV absorbers present, absorbers are line-locked at the 500 km/s velocity separation of the CIV absorber doublet; appearing as 'triplets' in the quasar spectra. Line-locking is an observational signature of radiative line driving in outflowing material, where the successive shielding of 'clouds' of material in the outflow locks the clouds together in outflow velocity. Line-locked absorbers are seen in both broad absorption line quasars (BALs) and non-BAL quasars with comparable frequencies and with velocities out to at least 20000 km/s. There are no detectable differences in the absorber properties and the dust content of single CIV doublets and line-locked CIV doublets. The gas associated with both single and line-locked CIV absorption systems includes material with a wide range of ionization potential (14-138 eV). Both single and line-locked CIV absorber systems show strong systematic trends in their ionization as a function of outflow velocity, with ionization decreasing rapidly with increasing outflow velocity. Initial simulations, employing CLOUDY, demonstrate that a rich spectrum of line-locked signals at various velocities may be expected due to significant opacities from resonance lines of Li-, He- and H-like ions of O, C and N, along with contributions from HeII and HI resonance lines. The simulations confirm that line driving can be the dominant acceleration mechanism for clouds with N(HI) ~ 10^19 cm^-2.
Demonstration of a horseshoe-shaped longitudinal focal profile: publisher's note (2007)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text P. Brijesh, Terrance J. Kessler, Jonathan D. Zuegel, and David D. Meyerhofer, "Demonstration of a horseshoe-shaped longitudinal focal profile: publisher's note," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 24, 2483-2483 (2007) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
An Efficient Compiler Technique for Code Size Reduction Using Reduced Bit-Width ISAs (2002)

For many embedded applications, program code size is a critical design factor. One promising approach for reducing code size is to employ a dual instruction set, where processor architectures support a normal (usually 32 bit) Instruction Set, and a narrow, space-efficient (usually 16 bit) Instruction Set with a limited set of opcodes and access to a limited set of registers. This future, however, requires compilers that can reduce code size by compiling for both Instruction Sets. Existing compiler techniques operate at the function-level granularity and are unable to make the trade-off between increased register pressure (resulting in more spills) and decreased code size. We present a profitability based compiler heuristic that operates at the instruction-level granularity and is able to effectively take advantage: of both Instruction Sets. We also demonstrate improved code size reduction, for the MIPS 32/16 bit ISA, using our technique. Our approach more than doubles the code size reduction achieved by existing compilers.
Modeling of a natural lipstick formulation using an artificial neural network (2015)

An artificial neural network (ANN) was applied in conjunction with experimental data from a mixture of experimental designs to predict the melting point of a lipstick formulation.
Strong Influence of Surface Structures on Enhanced Transmission through Subwavelength Hole Arrays (2005)

We analyzed the influence of the surface structure on enhanced transmission through subwavelength hole arrays. The hole arrays show extremely large enhanced transmission, but the transmission rapidly decreases as the hole diameter decreases. To clarify the cause of the transmission decrease, we calculated the dimple arrays and found that the diameter of the dimple strongly influences the efficiency of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) excitation. We show that the addition of the optimized surface structure to conventional hole arrays for the efficient SPP excitation leads to strongly enhanced transmission in much smaller diameter holes than the incident light wavelength.
Purification and Characterization of an Extremely Thermostable Cyclomaltodextrin Glucanotransferase from a Newly Isolated Hyperthermophilic Archaeon, a <i>Thermococcus</i> sp (1999)

The extremely thermophilic anaerobic archaeon strain B1001 was isolated from a hot-spring environment in Japan. The cells were irregular cocci, 0.5 to 1.0 micrometers in diameter. The new isolate grew at temperatures between 60 and 95 degrees C (optimum, 85 degrees C), from pH 5.0 to 9.0 (optimum, pH 7.0), and from 1.0 to 6.0% NaCl (optimum, 2.0%). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 43.0 mol%. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing of strain B1001 indicated that it belongs to the genus Thermococcus. During growth on starch, the strain produced a thermostable cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase). The enzyme was purified 1,750-fold, and the molecular mass was determined to be 83 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Incubation at 120 degrees C with SDS and 2-mercaptoethanol was required for complete unfolding. The optimum temperatures for starch-degrading activity and cyclodextrin synthesis activity were 110 and 90 to 100 degrees C, respectively. The optimum pH for enzyme activity was pH 5.0 to 5.5. At pH 5.0, the half-life of the enzyme was 40 min at 110 degrees C. The enzyme formed mainly alpha-cyclodextrin with small amounts of beta- and gamma-cyclodextrins from starch. This is the first report on the presence of the extremely thermostable CGTase from hyperthermophilic archaea.
Novel methods for the production of titanium (2008)

Titanium ores are very plentiful in the earth crust but the demand for titanium metal is restricted by its high cost in spite of its excellent mechanical properties, corrosion and oxidation resistance and low density. Titanium was first produced by the Hunter process but this has been superseded, except for special applications, by the Kroll process which entails carbochlorination of rutile and ilmenite to obtain titanium tetrachloride followed by metallothermic reduction with magnesium. In the past ten years, ∼20 novel processes have been investigated as possible low cost routes for titanium, based upon electrolytic processes, both anodic and cathodic, and variations of the Hunter and Kroll processes. The anodic processes use a conducting anode consisting of Ti–O–C and the titanium is essentially electrorefined, in a molten salt, from the anode. The cathodic routes rely on either the electrodeposition of calcium or the electro-deoxidation of the oxide. The variations on the Hunter and Kroll processes include methods to convert these batch processes into continuous processes. Most of these new processes are at the laboratory or pilot plant stage and it will take several years before it is known whether one of them will replace the Kroll process. All users of titanium are watching these developments closely.
Summary Abstract: Kinetic energy dependence of nitrogen adsorption on W(110) (1983)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation D. J. Auerbach, J. E. Schlaegel, J. Lee, R. J. Madix; Summary Abstract: Kinetic energy dependence of nitrogen adsorption on W(110). Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A 1 April 1983; 1 (2): 1270–1271. https://doi.org/10.1116/1.572086 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAVS: Science & Technology of Materials Interfaces and ProcessingJournal of Vacuum Science & Technology A Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Fluorescence lifetime imaging: an application to the detection of skin tumors (1999)

A portable system based on fluorescence lifetime imaging has been developed and tested for the detection of skin tumors in humans. The Heme precursor /spl delta/-aminolevulinic acid, which promotes the preferential accumulation of the endogenous Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) in proliferative tissues, is used as an exogenous marker to target the tumor, /spl delta/-aminolevulinic acid is topically administered to the patient 1 h before the measurement. Then, using a gated intensified camera, two or more images of the sample are acquired after different delays with respect to the excitation pulses. The images are processed in real time in order to calculate the spatial map of the fluorescence decay time of the sample. The localization of the tumor is based on the longer decay time detected in neoplastic tissues as a result of the stronger emission of PpIX, which has a long decay time, and the reduction in the short living natural tissue fluorescence.
Reflection and refraction of light from metasurfaces with phase discontinuities (2012)

A three-dimensional extension of the recently demonstrated generalization of the laws of refraction and reflection was investigated for both flat and curved metasurfaces. We found that out-of-plane refraction occurs for a metasurface that imparts a wavevector out of the plane of incidence onto the incident light beam. Metasurfaces provide arbitrary control over the direction of refraction, and yield new critical angles for both reflection and refraction. A spherical metasurface with phase discontinuities leads to unconventional light bending compared to standard refractive lenses.
Resection specimen analysis of tibial coverage in total knee arthroplasty. (1994)

To maximize tibial coverage during total knee arthroplasty, a study was performed to evaluate the morphology of the proximal tibia at the resection level and assess tibial coverage with respect to existing tibial implants. Unmagnified radiographs of 42 tibial resection specimens were produced and digitized with existing tibial implants from the asymmetrical Genesis and the symmetrical Insall-Burstein II and Press Fit Condylar total knee arthroplasty designs. The average total profile coverage ranged from 80.62% to 84.73%, whereas the average posteromedial coverage ranged from 76.05% to 82.09%. The shape of the tibia at the resection level was asymmetrical, and the overall tibial coverage was never greater than 85%. It appears that the actual shape of the tibial tray and the number of accommodating sizes provide the best ability of a total knee arthroplasty system to maximize tibial coverage, and not simply an asymmetrical or a symmetrical design.
The 3020-cm−1 Band in the Infrared Absorption Spectra of Methyl Esters of Unsaturated Higher Fatty Acids (1971)

Abstract Studies were made of the infrared absorption spectra of methyl esters of oleic, elaidic, linoleic, linoelaidic, trans-10, cis-12-octadecadienoic, α-eleostearic, stearolic, stearic, 9,10-dideutero-oleic, and 9,10-dideutero-elaidic acids in the C–H stretching region. It was further confirmed that the prominent absorption bands at 3020 cm−1 occurring in the infrared absorption spectra of methyl esters of unsaturated higher fatty acids are assignable to the =C–H stretching vibrations of a cis-ethylenic double bond. The =C–D stretching vibrations of deuteroethylenic double bonds (–CD=CD–) in methyl 9,10-dideutero-oleate and -elaidate occurred at 2250 and 2225 cm−1 respectively.
Improved Computational Target Site Prediction for Pentatricopeptide Repeat RNA Editing Factors (2013)

Pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins with an E domain have been identified as specific factors for C to U RNA editing in plant organelles. These PPR proteins bind to a unique sequence motif 5' of their target editing sites. Recently, involvement of a combinatorial amino acid code in the P (normal length) and S type (short) PPR domains in sequence specific RNA binding was reported. PPR proteins involved in RNA editing, however, contain not only P and S motifs but also their long variants L (long) and L2 (long2) and the S2 (short2) motifs. We now find that inclusion of these motifs improves the prediction of RNA editing target sites. Previously overlooked RNA editing target sites are suggested from the PPR motif structures of known E-class PPR proteins and are experimentally verified. RNA editing target sites are assigned for the novel PPR protein MEF32 (mitochondrial editing factor 32) and are confirmed in the cDNA.