gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrochemistry of polypyrrole films (1987)

Electrochemically prepared films of polypyrrole have been studied as electrode coatings in an electrochemical cell with potassium ferricyanide as the electroactive species in solution. The electrode-solution interface was studied by AC impedance measurements over the frequency range 0.003-105 Hz. A novel model circuit description of the electrode-electrolyte interface was devised, which consisted of seven elements (including a frequency-dependent Warburg impedance) for the bare platinum electrode and ten elements (including an additional Warburg impedance concerned with film oxidation and reduction) for the polypyrrole-coated electrodes. The values of the circuit element were calculated by computer fitting and excellent agreement was found between measured impedances and those predicted from the calculated circuit element values. Where parameters could be calculated from known physical properties of the system (e.g., the Warburg parameters) these agreed well with the fitted values. Model circuit element values were calculated for the bare platinum electrode and for polymer-covered electrodes for polypyrrole films of four different thicknesses. The most striking result is the large drop in the charge transfer resistance for the ferricyanide reaction when the electrode is covered with the polypyrrole film. The large drop in this value is partly explained by the increase in surface area (which from other parameters can be estimated to be 40-fold), but might additionally reflect electrocatalytic properties of the polypyrrole surface.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of the (Mo2Q2(μ‐Se)2(η2‐ Se2)2)2‐ (Q: O, Se) Ions: Influence of Mo‐Q π‐Bonding. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Reactive groups on polymer coated electrodes, 12. New conducting carrier materials: polyalkylthiophene functionalized with amino group and its protected forms (2000)

The synthesis and electropolymerization of 3-alkylthiophenes functionalized with a terminal amino group and its protected forms are reported. As expected, due to the strong electronic interference of the amino group, the electropolymerization of the unprotected monomer is fully inhibited. After protection of the amino group the polymerizability of the corresponding monomers is considerably improved; however, the successful polymerization process clearly depends on the nature of the used protective group. Only such monomers in which the nucleophilic character of the amino group is strongly suppressed by a suitable protective group undergo electropolymerization to form the corresponding electroactive polymers. The obtained polymers are electrochemically stable and, besides the typical properties such as redox behavior and electrochromism, they exhibit a distinct solvatochromic behavior. Electrical conductivity measurements on their oxidized forms by means of the two-probe method give values in the range of 10–3 to 10–2 S·cm–1. The feasibility of using the resulting polymers as conducting carrier materials was demonstrated by the removal of the protecting groups and the subsequent attachment of a redox active ferrocene compound. Electrochemical and spectroscopic experiments confirmed that after the polymer analogous reaction the used redox active ferrocene model compound is covalently immobilized onto the polymer surface and the electroactivity of the bonded redox groups as well as the carrier materials is retained.
CCDC 618864: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination (2008)

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
<i>N</i>-(2,6-Dimethylphenyl)-2-(2-thienyl)acetamide (2009)

The thienyl ring in the title compound, C14H15NOS, is disordered over two diagonally opposite positions, the major component having a site-occupancy factor of 0.569 (3). The mol­ecule is highly twisted with respect to the central amide group, which is reflected in the dihedral angle formed between the thienyl and benzene rings of 77.01 (15)° [70.34 (18)° for the minor component]. In the crystal, mol­ecules self-associate into chains along [100] via N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The chains are reinforced by complementary C—H⋯O contacts.
Digitally controlled 3GHz 360° phase modulator in an 1.2V 65nm CMOS technology (2011)

This paper presents a phase modulator topology suitable for frequencies up to 3 GHz. The proposed phase modulator offers digital phase modulation for digital centric polar transmitter frontends as used e.g. in software defined radios. The achievable phase resolution is 11.2° which equals 10.4 ps at 3 GHz. The phase modulation is based on an delay lock loop (DLL), from which signals with different delays are forwarded by a multiplexer.
Ordered mesoporous WO3−X possessing electronically conductive framework comparable to carbon framework toward long-term stable cathode supports for fuel cells (2010)

We report on the successful synthesis of ordered mesoporous WO3−X with a high conductivity comparable to a mesoporous carbon framework. Ordered mesoporous WO3−X was prepared using KIT-6 as a hard template. Some WO3−X particles have negative replica structures of KIT-6 template and the other particles are generated by asymmetric incorporation of phosphotungstic acid inside channels of KIT-6 template. The wall of this mesostructured WO3−X has a single crystalline structure, which might be responsible for its high conductivity (1.76 S cm−1) comparable to ordered mesoporous carbons (3.0 S cm−1). Pt/mesoporous WO3−X exhibits a significant tolerance to cycling between 0.6 and 1.3 VNHE in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution, preserving 87% of its initial electrochemical surface area (ECSA) after 1000 cycles. On the contrary, the ECSA of the Pt/C decreased significantly with the number of cycles, resulting in loss of 74% of its initial ECSA.
Kinetic Studies of the Solution Polymerization of Trioxane Catalyzed by BF3·O(C2H5)2. II. The Effect of Catalyst and Water Concentrations of the Molecular Weight of the Polymer (1966)

Abstract In the solution polymerization of trioxane catalyzed by BF3·O(C2H5)2, the dependence of the molecular weight of the polymer formed on the polymerization conditions has been studied. In general, the molecular weight of the polymer formed increases in the course of polymerization, keeps a constant value over a certain range of conversion, and then again incerases remarkably. The molecular weight of the polymers formed decrease with an increase in the catalyst and water concentrations. This phenomenon can be explained qualitatively on the assumptions that the rate of the propagation reaction is smaller than that of the initiation reaction and that the chain breaking occurs through the reaction with water, which is consumed as the polymerization proceeds. This is equal to the assumption that the chain carrier is an oxonium ion in the cationic polymerization of trioxane.
The effect of oxygen pressure on sintering of zinc oxide (1972)

The effect of oxygen pressure on sintering of zinc oxide has been investigated by measuring isothermal shrinkage of compacts at 750° and 850°C. The sinterability was proportional to Po2-1/5.4 at 750°C in oxygen atomsphere (Po2>2.5×10-2torr) and to Po2-1/5.4 at 850°C in Po2>3×10-3torr. The result indicates that the sintering process is controlled by diffusional transfer of interstitial zinc ions. In the lower oxygen pressure, the sintering rate was independent of the pressure. This result was explained by the cooperation of two different mechanisms, i.e., diffusional transfer of interstitial zinc ions and lattice formation process between interstitial zinc and oxygen.
Design of a Novel Rectangular Patch Antenna with Planar Metamaterial Patterned Substrate (2008)

In this paper, we present a novel microstrip patch antenna specifically designed using planar metamaterial patterned substrate. It is developed based on an ordinary patch antenna, and isolated triangle gaps and crossed strip-line gaps are etched on the metal patch and ground plane respectively. This patterned substrate was demonstrated in literature to have left-handed characteristics. In this way, the wave propagating along the patch is strongly enhanced, and the working band is also significantly broadened from a few hundred MHz to a few GHz. Numerical simulation results show that this new patch antenna possesses several desirable characteristics, for instance, high efficiency, low loss and low VSWR. Also, practical experimental data show a good agreement between the simulation and measured results. It is also found that by using this antenna, most energy is radiated in the horizontal direction for specifical applications within the whole working band, while the vertical radiation being suppressed, which overthrow the characteristic of conventional patch antenna.
Bile acid elevation after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is associated with cardio-protective effect in Zucker Diabetic Fatty rats (2015)

Based on these findings, RYGB showed beneficial effect on aortic wall thickness, possibly through bile acids and L-PGDS elevation in a severely obese and diabetic rodent model.
E and Z Secondary Amides in Supramolecular Nanotubes and Nanospheres (2012)

The concept that flat ring-shaped cyclopeptides have the potential to aggregate as “endless” stacks through backbone-backbone hydrogen bond interactions dates back to 1974 (Fig. 2.2) [49]. As early as the following year, the crystal structure of cyclo-Ser(OtBu)-β-Ala-Gly-β-Asp(OMe) was published (Fig. 2.3) [50]. Although its structure consisted in the parallel packing of tubular stacks, only half of the amides capabilities for hydrogen bonding were fulfilled.
Innovative Rotating Intershaft Brush Seal for Sealing Between Rotating Shafts Part II: Modeling of the Brush Seal Leakage Flows (2006)

§In this paper we propose an innovative rotating brush seal design for high temperature/high pressure sealing between two rotating shafts. In particular, it makes use of carbon fibers for the brush seal that is mounted on the inner rotating shaft with about 0.01-inch gap between the tip of the fibers and the outer shaft. Despite the clearance the seal is expected to provide low leakage and longer life expectancy. In addition, we have also discussed two flow models that characterize the leakages through various seal operating conditions. The first model is a simple bulk flow model that is modified for the current seal geometry, while the second scheme is a more detailed CFX based model that characterizes the flow evolution within the seal. Both of the models have been exercised to establish the stationary brush seal performance. The results indicate that both the models estimate the leakage flow reasonably well with clear demonstration of the brush seal superiority at providing better sealing between the two shafts under stationary conditions. Efforts are underway at fabricating the seal and testing it under engine operating test conditions that also include shaft rotations. As a result, we are also modifying the current stationary CFX based model to include the effects of rotation – which will be validated against the test data.
The Herschel census of infrared SEDs through cosmic time★ (2013)

Using Herschel data from the deepest SPIRE and PACS surveys (HerMES and PEP) in COSMOS, GOODS-S and GOODS-N, we examine the dust properties of infrared (IR)luminous (L IR > 10 10 L ) galaxies at 0.1 < z < 2 and determine how these evolve with cosmic time. The unique angle of this work is the rigorous analysis of survey selection effects, making this the first study of the star-formation-dominated, IR-luminous population within a framework almost entirely free of selection biases. We find that IR-luminous galaxies have spectral energy distributions (SEDs) with broad far-IR peaks characterized by cool/extended dust emission and average dust temperatures in the 25-45 K range. Hot (T > 45 K) SEDs and cold (T < 25 K), cirrus-dominated SEDs are rare, with most sources being within the range occupied by warm starbursts such as M82 and cool spirals such as M51. We observe a luminosity-temperature (L-T ) relation, where the average dust temperature of log [L IR /L ] 12.5 galaxies is about 10 K higher than that of their log [L IR /L ] 10.5 counterparts. However, although the increased dust heating in more luminous systems is the driving factor behind the L-T relation, the increase in dust mass and/or starburst size with luminosity plays a dominant role in shaping it. Our results show that the dust conditions in IR-luminous sources evolve with cosmic time: at high redshift, dust temperatures are on average up to 10 K lower than what is measured locally (z 0.1). This is manifested as a flattening of the L-T relation, suggesting that (ultra)luminous infrared galaxies [(U)LIRGs] in the early Universe are typically characterized by a more extended dust distribution and/or higher dust masses than local equivalent sources. Interestingly, the evolution in dust temperature is luminosity dependent, with the fraction of LIRGs with T < 35 K showing a two-fold increase from z 0 to z 2, whereas that of ULIRGs with T < 35 K shows a six-fold increase. Our results suggest a greater diversity in the IR-luminous population at high redshift, particularly for ULIRGs.
Three-dimensional microscopy of laser-produced plasmas using third-harmonic generation (2000)

A three-dimensional microscopy of an optical-breakdown plasma based on third-harmonic generation (THG) is experimentally implemented. THG is shown to offer a universal method for three-dimensional microscopy of inhomogeneities of linear and nonlinear optical parameters of various media. Due to the nonlinear-optical character of this process, THG microscopy allows the transverse spatial resolution to be considerably improved as compared with conventional methods of microscopy. A high spatial resolution along the direction of probing is achieved due to the fact that the prohibition on THG in the regime of tight focusing is removed whenever inhomogeneities of linear and/or nonlinear optical parameters are probed by THG.
Take (STAT)5: jazzing up T-cell leukemia (2014)

In this issue of Blood, Kiel et al identify novel and high-frequency gain-of-function mutations involving genes of the Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway in T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL), paving the way for new targeted therapies.(1)
Effect of Vitamin E Supplement on Growth Performance and Liver Nutrition of Mule Ducks (2011)

This study was adopted the experimental design method of the single factor,480 ten weeks of age mule ducks were randomly assigned to 4 groups,which were raised in the same batch with similar weight.They were fed on diets containing Vitamin E(VE) 40 mg/kg(group Ⅱ),90 mg/kg(group Ⅲ),1 400 mg/kg(group Ⅳ) in comparison to a control group(groupⅠ) fed with 0 mg/kg VE,which was carried out to determine the effect of different level of VE on growth performance and liver nutrition.The results were as follows:①VE supplement could significantly improve growth performance.When VE supplement was 90 mg/kg,body weight gain was the highest,feed conversion ratio was the lowest there were significant differences compared with control group(P0.05).When VE supplement was 40 mg/kg,liver weight gain was the highest and the differences were significant(P0.05).②VE could increase liver fat content,change fatty acids,especially increase oil acid and linoleic acid content,and the difference of linoleic oil cotent between the experimented groups and control group were significant(P0.05).
Dosimetry in Peptide radionuclide receptor therapy: a review. (2006)

The potential of targeted therapy with radiolabeled peptides has been reported in several clinical trials. Although there have been many improvements in dose estimation, a general and reliable dosimetric approach in peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) is still a matter of debate. This article reviews the methods for PRRT dosimetry and the results presented in the literature. Radiopharmaceutical characteristics, data processing, dosimetric outcomes, and methods to protect critical organs are reported. The biological effective dose, based on the linear quadratic model, is also described.
Inhibition of chemotactic factor‐induced neutrophil responsiveness by arachidonic acid (1983)

Arachidonic acid when added simultaneously with the chemotactic peptide formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (f-Met-Leu-Phe) inhibits the ability of the latter to initiate several but not all of its effects on rabbit peritoneal neutrophils. Stimulated neutrophil aggregation, calcium uptake, and increases in the steady state level of exchangeable calcium are all inhibited by 1-10 microM arachidonic acid. The binding of f-Met-Leu-Phe and the parameters of intracellular calcium redistribution (calcium efflux and changes in the steady state level of exchangeable calcium in the absence of extracellular calcium) and of stimulated sodium uptake are, on the other hand, unaffected by the same concentrations of arachidonic acid. Arachidonic acid, the saturated analog of arachidonic acid, was found not to inhibit f-Met-Leu-Phe-stimulated aggregation and calcium uptake. Arachidonic acid, therefore, in addition to its well-described agonist properties, also possesses antagonist activities toward rabbit neutrophils. These results add a new level of complexity to the study of the role of arachidonic acid in cell activation.
Training-Codes for the Noncoherent Multi-Antenna Block-Rayleigh-Fading Channel (2003)

We consider signal design for the noncoherent block-Rayleigh-fading channel, in which neither the transmitter nor the receiver know the fading coefficients. We show that several recently proposed signal designs for this channel can be interpreted as training-based, i.e., part of the coherence interval is used to transmit known symbols to learn the channel and in the remainder a &quot;coherent &quot; information symbol is transmitted. At the receiver, the estimated channel is then used as if correct, which allows to employ efficient implementations (like the sphere-decoder) for the coherent decision rule. We establish conditions for which such a strategy is equivalent to the optimal noncoherent decision rule. Motivated by the good performance of the training schemes even when the coherence time is very small (indeed minimal), we propose the paradigm of training-codes to build signalconstellations for the noncoherent block-Rayleigh-fading channel. Training-codes leverage the advances made in coherent codes and thus can often address the signal-design and efficient-decoding problems simultaneously.
Urethral obstruction in cats: Predisposing factors, clinical, clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis (2010)

Feline lower urinary tract diseases in general, and urethral obstruction (UO) in particular, are common clinical conditions in cats. The aims of this study were to identify risk factors for UO, to characterise clinical and clinicopathological signs, outcome and recurrence, as well as risk factors for mortality and recurrence. Eighty-two cats with UO were compared to 82 sex and time matched controls. The mean age of cats with UO was significantly lower compared to controls, while the mean body weight was higher. The proportion of indoors-outdoors cats was significantly lower in the study group compared to the control group, and the proportion of cats consuming only dry food was higher. Overall mortality was 8.5%. Ionised calcium was significantly higher in survivors compared to non-survivors, and the prevalence of hypocalcaemia was lower. Recurrence in 6 months and 2 years were 22% and 24%, respectively. Cats with recurrence had significantly lower urine pH at presentation.
Completion of Kunjin virus RNA sequence and recovery of an infectious RNA transcribed from stably cloned full-length cDNA (1994)

Completion of the Kunjin virus (KUN) RNA sequence showed that it is the longest flavivirus sequence reported (11,022 bases), commencing with a 5' noncoding region of 96 bases. The 3' noncoding sequence of 624 nucleotides included a unique insertion sequence of 46 bases adjacent to the stop codon, but otherwise it had properties similar to those of RNAs of closely related flaviviruses. A full-length KUN cDNA clone which could be stably propagated in Escherichia coli DH5 alpha was constructed; SP6 polymerase RNA transcripts from amplified cDNA were infectious when transfected into BHK-21 cells. A mutational change abolishing the BamHI restriction site at position 4049, leading to a conservative amino acid change of Arg-175 to Lys in the NS2A protein, was introduced into the cDNA during construction and was retained in the recovered virus. Extra terminal nucleotides introduced during cloning of the cDNA were shown to be present in the in vitro RNA transcripts but absent in the RNA of recovered virus. Although recovered virus differed from the parental KUN by a smaller plaque phenotype and delayed growth rate in BHK-21 cells and mice, it was very similar as assessed by several other criteria, such as peak titer during growth in cells, infectivity titer in cells and in mice, rate of adsorption and penetration in cells, replication at 39 degrees C, and neurovirulence after intraperitoneal injection in mice. The KUN stably cloned cDNA will provide a useful basis for future studies in defining and characterizing functional roles of all the gene products.
SiO<sub><i>x</i></sub>‐Based Gas Barrier Coatings for Polymer Substrates by Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet Deposition (2009)

Abstract An efficient way to increase the gas barrier properties of polymers is the development of silica barrier coatings; in fact inorganic barrier layers like SiN x and SiO x , usually obtained by PECVD, can decrease the gas permeation through polymeric substrates by several orders of magnitude. Nevertheless, the known costs of vacuum systems and in‐line processing needs have generated increasing interest to develop atmospheric condition alternatives. In this work results on deposition of SiO x on thin layers obtained by an atmospheric plasma jet as well as results on the gas permeation behaviour are presented. Obtained results, on the thickness and composition of the coatings, are evaluated under several deposition conditions.
Behavioral and Clinical Factors Associated With Depression Among Individuals With Diabetes (2004)

Smoking and obesity were associated with a higher likelihood of meeting criteria for major and minor depression. Diabetes complications and elevated HbA(1c) were associated with major depression among demographic subgroups: complications among men and HbA(1c) among individuals <65 years of age. Older patients with a higher number of complications had an increased likelihood of minor depression.