gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An OLAP-enabled software environment for modelling patient flow (2006)

On-Line Analytical Processing (OLAP) tools use multidimensional views to provide quick access to information. They have become the de facto standard in the business world for analytical databases. In health care, care givers and managers could benefit from being able to perform interactive data exploration, ad-hoc analysis and possibly discover hidden trends and patterns in health data. However, health data have unique characteristics that distinguish them from common business examples, an aspect that makes the direct adaptation of the already established business oriented solutions difficult. In this paper we report the development of an OLAP system for analyzing hospital discharge data and for modeling hospital length of stay.
Congenital aural atresia. (1997)

Congenital aural atresia is viewed by many physicians as a poorly characterized, arcane, clinical entity associated with a variety of hearing deficits. In fact, congenital aural atresia represents a disease spectrum predicated on the reliable embryological development of the first and second branchial apparatus. All degrees of microtia, canal atresia, and middle ear structure malformation are identified by this disease process. Many classification schemata have been proffered since the turn of the century to assist the otologist with a better means of assessing the patient's suitability as a surgical candidate. Clinical, audiological, and radiographic evaluation of congenital aural atresia is essential in selecting the appropriate candidates for surgery or hearing amplification. The high resolution CT scan has advanced the understanding and preoperative assessment of this condition. Surgical repair of the external ear and middle ear malformations is effective in properly selected patients. Essential background information, relevant embryology, patient evaluation, treatment, and current controversies related to congenital aural atresia are discussed.
Utility of silicone filtering for diffusive model CO<sub>2</sub> sensors in field experiments (2013)

Installing a diffusive model CO2 sensor in the soil is a direct and useful method to observe the time variation of gas CO2 concentration in soil. Furthermore, it requires no bulky measurement system. A hydrophobic silicone filter prevents water infiltration. Therefore, a sensor whose detection element is covered with a silicone filter can be durable in the field even when experiencing inundation (e.g. farmland with snow melting, wetland with varying water level). The utility of a diffusive model of CO2 sensor covered with silicone filter was examined in laboratory and field experiments. Applying the silicone filter delays the response to change in ambient CO2 concentration, which results from lower gas permeability than those of other conventionally used filters made of materials, such as polytetrafluoroethylene. Theoretically, apart from the precision of the sensor itself, diurnal variation of soil gas CO2 concentration is calculable from obtained series of data with a silicone-covered sensor with negligible error. The error is estimated at approximately 1% of the diurnal amplitude in most cases of a 10-min logging interval. Drastic changes that occur, such as those of a rainfall event, cause a larger gap separating calculated and real values. However, the proportion of this gap to the extent of the drastic increase was extremely small (0.43% for a 10-min logging interval). For accurate estimation, a smoothly varied data series must be prepared as input data. Using a moving average or applying a fitting curve can be useful when using a sensor or data logger with low resolution. Estimating the gas permeability coefficient is crucial for calculation. The gas permeability coefficient can be estimated through laboratory experiments. This study revealed the possibility of evaluating the time variation of soil gas CO2 concentration by installing a diffusive model of silicone-covered sensor in an inundated field.
Measurement of stroke volume by the vibrocardiogram. (1967)

Stroke volume /measured by dye dilution/ compared with left ventricular isovolumetric contraction and ejection times /measured by vibrocardiogram/
A Versatile Ta&lt;inf&gt;2&lt;/inf&gt;N-W-Au/SiO&lt;inf&gt;2&lt;/inf&gt;/Al/SiO&lt;inf&gt;2&lt;/inf&gt;Thin Film Hybrid Microcircuit Metallization System (1975)

A versatile thin film metallization technique in which both gold and aluminum can be incorporated on sapphire or fine grained alumina substrates in a two level metallization system with thin film resistors is described. Tungsten is used as a lateral transition metal permitting electrical contact between the gold and aluminum without the two metals coming in physical contact. Silicon dioxide serves as an insulator between the tungsten and aluminum for crossover purposes and vias through the silicon dioxide permit interconnections where desired. Tantalum nitride is deposited first and serves as the resistor film. Sheet resistance of the film is typically 100 ohms per square. Tungsten-gold is the first level conductor except at crossovers where tungsten only is used. Aluminum is the second level conductor. Sheet resistances of the two conductor levels can be as Iow as 0.01 ohm/square. I inewidths and spaces as small as 0.025 mm can be attained. A second layer of silicon dioxide is deposited over the metallization and opened for all gold and aluminum bonding areas. The metallization system permits effective interconnection of a mixture of devices having both gold and aluminum terminations without creating undesirable gold-aluminum interfaces. Devices can be attached by epoxy or silicone directly on the circuitry. Processing temperatures up to 400°C can be tolerated for short times without effect on bondability, resistor, conductor, and insulator characteristics, thus permitting silicon-gold eutectic die attachment, component soldering, and higher temperatures during gold lead bonding. Tests conducted on special test pattern circuits indicate good stability over the temperature range--55°C to +150°C. Aging studies showed no degradation in characteristics in tests of 500 hours duration at 150°C.
On the maximum rotational frequency of neutron and hybrid stars (2003)

We construct self-consistent equilibrium sequences of general relativistic, rotating neutron star models. Special emphasis in put on the determination of the maximum rotation frequency of such objects. Recently proposed models for the equation of state of neutron star matter are employed, which are derived by describing the hadronic phase within the many-body Brueckner–Bethe–Goldstone formalism, and the quark matter phase within the MIT bag model using a density dependent bag constant. We find that the rotational frequencies of neutron stars with deconfined quark phases in their cores rival those of absolutely stable, self-bound strange quark matter stars. This finding is of central importance for the interpretation of extremely rapidly rotating pulsars, which are the targets of present pulsar surveys.
The Biological Functions of NF-&#954;B1 (p ) and its Potential as an Anti-Cancer Target (2009)

Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) is a key transcriptional factor family that consists of five members in mammalian cells, including NF-kappaB1 (p50), NF-kappaB2 (p52), RelA (p65), RelB and c-Rel. NF-kappaB is implicated in multiple physiological and pathological processes, including cell proliferation and differentiation, inflammatory and immune response, cell survival and apoptosis, cellular stress reactions and tumorigenesis. Recent studies by our group and others have highlighted the novel functions of the p50 protein. In this review, we will focus on the regulation and functions of NF-kappaB p50.
On-line battery testing: a reliable method for determining battery health? (2002)

Pb-acid battery testing is based upon measuring the electrical response of a cell in a battery to an applied test signal. The intended result is to determine the cell's state of health from the measured response. Such testing represents a faster, less expensive alternative to load-cycle testing, which is the most accurate way to measure the capacity of a battery. Recognizing this, many companies have begun marketing various types of cell "impedance" or conductance/resistance testers (categorized as 'ZSR' testers). The main advantage of ZSR testing over load-cycle testing is the fast turn-around time and low personnel requirements, because the battery does not have to be disconnected from operating equipment for the test. However, as supported by presentations at battery-oriented technical conferences, ZSR testers do not always perform as well as expected, because: the ZSR/battery capacity relationship is poorly understood; the accuracy of the technique remains controversial. To clarify these observations, the following questions must be considered: What battery parameters are we actually measuring with a ZSR tester? Are the measured parameters relevant to battery performance? Using a simple, "black box" equivalent circuit model of a battery and well-established electrochemical principles, we can answer the above questions. An examination of the electrochemical of a ZSR measurement is presented. With this knowledge, users of ZSR battery testing equipment will gain an appreciation of the principles governing the capabilities (and limitations) of their testing equipment.
Virtual polarisation adaptation a method of increasing the detection capability of a radar system through polarisation-vector processing (1981)

The ratio of the average target-signal power to the average unwanted-signal power at the input of a radar detection receiver can be significantly increased by applying the method of clutter/interference suppression described in the paper. The polarisation state of the emissions, the object-backscatter field, and the interference field are all taken into account in a technique referred to as ‘virtual adaptation’ of the polarisation state of the transmit and receive antennas. This technique can be used to complement filtering techniques in the frequency and space domains. Attention is specifically drawn to the potential advantages of multinotch polarisation suppression filters of the ‘logic-product’ type, which might have applications in cases where there are uncertainties regarding the polarisation state of unwanted signals that are to be suppressed.
The changes in, and relationship between, plasma nitric oxide and corticotropin‐releasing hormone in patients with major depressive disorder (2017)

There is strong evidence of roles of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and nitric oxide (NO) synthase-NO system in depression, but the relationship between them is unknown. The aim of this study, therefore, was to elucidate whether there is any correlation between NO and corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients. In 16 outpatients with MDD and 18 healthy controls, the plasma amino acids citrulline (Cit) and arginine (Arg) were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography, and CRH levels was measured by radioimmunoassay. The Cit/Arg ratio was calculated as an index of NO synthesis. Correlations between NO and CRH were examined with the Spearman test. Before treatment, no significant correlation was observed between the plasma NO level and CRH levels in MDD patients. The plasma NO levels were significantly higher in MDD patients. A significant correlation was found between NO levels and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) scores in MDD patients. The plasma CRH levels were significantly higher in MDD patients than in controls. After monotherapy for 2 months, the NO levels had dramatically declined but were also higher than those in the controls. This study is the first report of the absence of a significant correlation between plasma NO and CRH levels, although both levels are elevated in MDD patients. Furthermore, the strong links between the plasma NO levels and the HAMD scores, as well as the increased NO reduction after remission, suggest that NO plays a key role in depression and may be an indicator of therapeutic success.
A Sketch on Tao Sociology (2002)

‘새 술은 새 부대에 담아야 한다’는 성경 속의 말은 현대 사회학에도 해당된다. 오늘날 우리들은 정보 사회의 여명기를 지나 새로운 시대의 아침을 맞이하고 있다. 그러나 현대 사회학은 여전히 낡은 세계관의 틀을 벗어나지 못한 채, 지나간 시대의 언저리를 배회하고 있을 뿐이다. 낡은 세계관의 틀에 새로운 사회를 담는 것, 이것이 바로 현대 사회학의 위기의 본질이다. 현대 사회학이 학문의 자기 회복을 이루어 내고, 역사 속에서 맡겨진 책무를 다하기 위해서는, 사회학의 세계관적 토대에 대한 근원적 반성과 새로운 세계관에 바탕한 새로운 사회학의 건설이 요청된다. ‘깨달음의 사회학’은 사회학에 대한 이러한 시대적 요청에 부응하기 위한 것이다. 본 글은 새로운 사회학으로서 ‘깨달음의 사회학’의 정체성을 탐색해 보는 시론試論으로, 다음과 같은 문제들을 탐구하고자 한다. 첫째, 깨달음의 사회학의 세계관적 기초가 되는 통일체적 세계관의 특징을 밝히고, 둘째, 이러한 통일체적 세계관의 바탕 위에서 새로운 사회구조론과 사회변동론, 사회문제론과 사회발전론 등 새로운 사회학의 구성이 어떻게 가능한가를 모색하고자 한다.
Food-Related Illness and Death in the United States (1999)

correctly identified E. faecium and E. faecalis to the species level, most (4 of 5) did not correctly identify E. gallinarum (three misidentified it as E. casseliflavus and one as E. faecalis)
Galton, Pearson, and the Peas: A Brief History of Linear Regression for Statistics Instructors (2001)

An examination of publications of Sir Francis Galton and Karl Pearson revealed that Galton's work on inherited characteristics of sweet peas led to the initial conceptualization of linear regression. Subsequent efforts by Galton and Pearson brought about the more general techniques of multiple regression and the product-moment correlation coefficient. Modern textbooks typically present and explain correlation prior to introducing prediction problems and the application of linear regression. This paper presents a brief history of how Galton originally derived and applied linear regression to problems of heredity. This history illustrates additional approaches instructors can use to introduce simple linear regression to students.
Warm-Season Forages for Free-Ranging White-Tailed Deer in South Texas (2009)

Several warm-season forages were planted in irrigated food plots in 1999 and 2000 on high pH soils in semi-arid south Texas.  Objectives were to test different warm season forages for utility in south Texas food plots based on agronomic and nutritional attributes and deer use.  Nutritional profiles were collected bi-weekly in 1999 and monthly in 2000.  Least squares means and 95% confidence intervals for production, nutritional, and mineral values were calculated.  Variables recorded included biomass, and concentration of crude protein, detergent fiber, tannin, Cu, Zn, Na, Mg, K, Ca, and P.  Lablab ( Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet), cowpeas ( Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp), and ‘BeeWild’ bundleflower ( Desmanthus bicornutus S. Watson) produced the most biomass and the highest crude protein in both years of the study.  Low concentrations of tannins were recorded in the bundleflower.  BeeWild bundleflower was lower in fiber content in both years of the study when compared to the other forages tested.  Every mineral tested met or exceeded established minimum requirements for maintenance in white-tailed deer.  We recommend lablab, Iron & Clay cowpeas, and BeeWild bundleflower for irrigated warm season food plots in south Texas.
The Core Lipopolysaccharide of<i>Escherichia coli</i>Is a Ligand for the Dendritic-Cell-Specific Intercellular Adhesion Molecule Nonintegrin CD209 Receptor (2005)

The dendritic-cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule nonintegrin (DC-SIGN) CD209 is a receptor for Escherichia coli K-12 that promotes bacterial adherence and phagocytosis. However, the ligand of E. coli for DC-SIGN has not yet been identified. In this study, we found that DC-SIGN did not mediate the phagocytosis of several pathogenic strains of E. coli, including enteropathogenic E. coli, enterohemorrhagic E. coli, enterotoxigenic E. coli, and uropathogenic E. coli, in dendritic cells or HeLa cells expressing human DC-SIGN antigen. However, we showed that an outer core lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (rough) mutant, unlike an inner core LPS (deep rough) mutant or O-antigen-expressing recombinant of E. coli K-12 was phagocytosed. These results demonstrate that the host cells expressing DC-SIGN can phagocytose E. coli in part by interacting with the complete core region of the LPS molecule. These results provide a mechanism for how O antigen acts as an antiphagocytic factor.
Practical Camera Calibration From Moving Objects for Traffic Scene Surveillance (2012)

We address the problem of camera calibration for traffic scene surveillance, which supplies a connection between 2-D image features and 3-D measurement. It is helpful to deal with appearance distortion related to view angles, establish multiview correspondences, and make use of 3-D object models as prior information to enhance surveillance performance. A convenient and practical camera calibration method is proposed in this paper. With the camera height <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">H</i> measured as the only user input, we can recover both intrinsic and extrinsic parameters of the camera based on redundant information supplied by moving objects in monocular videos. All cases of traffic scene layouts are considered and corresponding solutions are given to make our method applicable to almost all kinds of traffic scenes in reality. Numerous experiments are conducted in different scenes, and experimental results demonstrate the accuracy and practicability of our approach. It is shown that our approach can be effectively adopted in all kinds of traffic scene surveillance applications.
Colon targeted drug delivery: Different approaches (2009)

Oral colon-targeted drug delivery systems have recently gained importance for delivering a variety of therapeutic agents for both local and systemic administration- local treatment of a variety of colonic diseases as well as systemic absorption of proteins and peptides. Targeting of drugs to speciÞ c sites of action provides several advantages over non-targeting of drugs. The colon, as a site for drug delivery, is also beneÞ cial for the treatment of diseases sensitive to circadian rhythms and delivery of poorly absorbable drugs. The successful targeted delivery of drugs to the colon via the gastrointestinal tract requires the protection of a drug from degradation and release in the stomach and small intestine and then ensures abrupt or controlled release in the proximal colon. This review will cover both past and present approaches for achieving colon speciÞ c drug delivery. Key words: Colon targeted delivery, ins ammatory bowel diseases, pH dependent approach, pressure dependent approach, time dependent approach.
Effect of chronic estrogen on the skin temperature response to naloxone in morphine-dependent rats (1987)

It is well documented that opioids and sex steroids modify body temperature in the rat. We have previously reported that the temperature responses to naloxone in the morphine-dependent rat was more pronounced in the female than in the male rat. In addition, ovariectomy but not castration resulted in altered temperature responses in the morphine-dependent rat, which suggests a role for estrogen in modifying the temperature responses. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of sex steroid hormones on the surge in tail skin temperature associated with administration of naloxone to morphine-dependent female rats. Ovariectomized female rats were treated with estrogen (0.5 mg pellet), progesterone (5 mg pellet), or the combined therapy for 21 days. Administration of naloxone to these morphine-dependent rats resulted in a 5.9 +/- 0.5 degrees C rise in tail skin temperature in the placebo control rats and 5.7 +/- 0.5 degrees C in the progesterone-treated group; there was a significantly reduced elevated in tail skin temperature of 3.1 +/- 1.0 degrees C and 2.9 +/- 1.0 degrees C in the and estrogen-progesterone treated groups. Body weights also were significantly depressed in the estrogen-treated groups. In a subsequent study, the effects of several doses of chronic estrogen treatment were evaluated (0.1-50 mg pellets). The elevation of tail skin temperature in response to administration of naloxone to morphine-dependent rats was significantly reduced at all doses of estrogen when compared with placebo-treated controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The Application of Cell Sheet Engineering in the Vascularization of Tissue Regeneration (2016)

Scaffold-free cell sheet engineering (CSE) is a new technology to regenerate injured or damaged tissues, which has shown promising potential in tissue regeneration. CSE uses a thermosensitive surface to form a dense cell sheet that can be detached when temperature decreases. The detached cell sheet can be stacked on top of one another according to the thickness of cell sheet for the specific tissue regeneration application. One of the key challenges of tissue engineering is vascularization. CSE technique provides excellent microenvironment for vascularization since the technique can maintain the intact cell matrix that is crucial for angiogenesis. In this review paper, we will highlight the principle technique of CSE and its application in tissue regeneration.
Isolation of colonial variants of Bacteroides gingivalis W50 with a reduced virulence (1988)

Summary The spontaneous appearance of unusual colony forms was observed during prolonged growth of Bacteroides gingivalis W50 in a chemostat. Two variants were selected for further study which could be distinguished from the parent strain by the rate and intensity of pigmentation of their colonies. For example, after anaerobic incubation for 14 days, variant W50/BR1 produced brown colonies whereas those of the parent strain were black; in contrast, variant W50/BE1 did not show signs of pigmentation until incubation had continued for 21 days. In subsequent studies in the chemostat, variant W50/BE1 bred true even after prolonged growth whereas other colony forms appeared after incubation of variant W50/BR1 for 14 days. The relatedness of W50/BR1 and W50/BE1 to the parent strain was confirmed by comparisons of the whole-cell fatty-acid profiles, the patterns of pre-formed enzymes and by the metabolic end products after growth. However, the variants did differ from the parent strain in their virulence in a mouse pathogenicity model. The parent strain killed all mice given infective doses > 5 × 108 cfu whereas W50/BR1 wasmuch lessvirulent (2 out of 10 mice killed and higher infective doses needed for higher mortality rates) and W50/BE1 was avirulent at all infective doses tested.
Clustering through decision tree construction (2000)

Clustering aims to find the intrinsic structure of data by organizing data objects into similarity groups or clusters. It is often called unsupervised learning as no class labels denoting an a priori partition of the objects are given. This is in contrast with supervised learning (e.g., classification) for which the data objects are already labeled with known classes. Past research in clustering has produced many algorithms. However, these algorithms have some major shortcomings. In this paper, we propose a novel clustering technique, which is based on a supervised learning technique called decision tree construction. The new technique is able to overcome many of these shortcomings. The key idea is to use a decision tree to partition the data space into cluster and empty (sparse) regions at different levels of details. The technique is able to find "natural" clusters in large high dimensional spaces efficiently. It is suitable for clustering in the full dimensional space as well as in subspaces. It also provides comprehensible descriptions of clusters. Experiment results on both synthetic data and real-life data show that the technique is effective and also scales well for large high dimensional datasets.
Old New York (1924)

Set in the glittering elegance of Old New York's grand society, where honourable but unconventional people are sacrificed to the constraints of a society where appearances count for more than genuine goodness.