gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hippocampal damage associated with prolonged glucocorticoid exposure in primates (1990)

In the laboratory rat and guinea pig, glucocorticoids (GCs), the adrenal steroids that are secreted during stress, can damage the hippocampus and exacerbate the hippocampal damage induced by various neurological insults. An open question is whether GCs have similar deleterious effects in the primate hippocampus. In fact, we showed that sustained and fatal stress was associated with preferential hippocampal damage in the vervet monkey; however, it was not possible to determine whether the excessive GC secretion that accompanied such stress was the damaging agent. The present study examines this possibility. Pellets of cortisol (the principal GC of primates) were stereotaxically implanted into hippocampi of 4 vervet monkeys; contralateral hippocampi were implanted with cholesterol pellets as a control. One year later at postmortem, preferential damage occurred in the cortisol-implanted side. In the cholesterol side, mild cell layer irregularity was noted in 2 of 4 cases. By contrast in the cortisol-exposed hippocampi, all cases had at least 2 of the following neuropathologic markers: cell layer irregularity, dendritic atrophy, soma shrinkage and condensation, or nuclear pyknosis. Damage was severe in some cases, and was restricted to the CA3/CA2 cellfield. This anatomical distribution of damage, and the cellular features of the damage agree with that observed in instances of GC-induced toxicity in the rodent hippocampus, and of stress-induced toxicity in the primate hippocampus. These observations suggest that sustained GC exposure (whether due to stress, Cushings syndrome or exogenous administration) might damage the human hippocampus.
ChemInform Abstract: Iodine and Its Interhalogen Compounds. Versatile Reagents in Carbohydrate Chemistry. Part 14. Glycosylated Amino Acid Synthesis. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Back-To-Back Barrier Varactor Frequency Multipliers (1995)

Two reports present further detailed information about odd-harmonic frequency-multiplier devices described in Barrier/n/n+ Varactor Frequency Multipliers (NPO-18428). Devices comprise Schottky-barrier/n/n+ diodes in planar back-to-back configuration.
Writing a Case Report for the American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation and the European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (2013)

Case reports (CRs) have led to the description and discovery of new diseases, syndromes, therapeutic complications or side effects, and previously unknown potential benefits of pharmacologic agents. CRs may also be used as an effective training strategy for novice authors to develop the skills needed for medical writing. However, too often, CRs do not follow standards for excellence in scientific writing. Therefore, in this article, the American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation and the European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine collaborate with the purpose of providing guidance to authors in selecting CRs that might be appropriate for publication. In addition, the authors discuss different aspects of the preparation of a well written CR in accordance with the mission and editorial views of both journals.
Advances in Experiment Design for High Performance Aircraft (1998)

A general overview and summary of recent advances in experiment design for high performance aircraft is presented, along with results from flight tests. General theoretical background is included, with some discussion of various approaches to manuever design. Flight test examples from the F-18 High Alpha Research Vehicle (HARV) are used to illustrate applications of the theory. Input forms are compared using Cramer-Rao bounds for the standard errors of estimated model parameters. Directions for future research in experiment design for high performance aircraft are identified.
<i>N</i>-Substituted Thymine Derivatives as Mitochondrial Thymidine Kinase (TK-2) Inhibitors (2006)

Novel N1-substituted thymine derivatives related to 1-[(Z)-4-(triphenylmethoxy)-2-butenyl]thymine have been synthesized and evaluated against thymidine kinase-2 (TK-2) and related nucleoside kinases [i.e., Drosophila melanogaster deoxynucleoside kinase (Dm-dNK) and herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase (HSV-1 TK)]. The thymine base has been tethered to a distal triphenylmethoxy moiety through a polymethylene chain (n = 3−8) or through a (2-ethoxy)ethyl spacer. Moreover, substitutions at position 4 of one of the phenyl rings of the triphenylmethoxy moiety have been performed. Compounds with a hexamethylene spacer (18, 26b, 31) displayed the highest inhibitory values against TK-2 (IC50 = 0.3−0.5 μM). Compound 26b competitively inhibited TK-2 with respect to thymidine and uncompetitively with respect to ATP. A rationale for the biological data was provided by docking some representative inhibitors into a homology-based model of human TK-2. Moreover, two of the most potent TK-2 inhibitors (18 and 26b) that also inhibit HSV-1 TK were able to reverse the cytostatic activity of 1-(β-d-arabinofuranosyl)thymine (Ara-T) and ganciclovir in HSV-1 TK-expressing OST-TK-/HSV-1 TK+ cell cultures.
Conductivity and Electrochemical ORR Mass Transport Properties of Solid Polymer Electrolytes Containing Poly(styrene sulfonic acid) Graft Chains (2003)

Graft copolymers were prepared by copolymerization of acrylonitrile with poly(sodium styrene sulfonate) macromonomers Macromonomers were prepared by stable free radical polymerization. Polymers containing different graft chain densities were solvent-cast to provide a series of membranes of varying ionic content. Membranes were protonated and characterized with respect to water content, ionic conductivity, and as a medium for the electrochemical reduction of oxygen. Membrane properties were compared to other solid polymer electrolytes containing poly(styrenesulfonic acid) graft chains. Compared to analogous membranes that contain the more hydrophobic polystyrene backbone, polyacrylonitrile-based membranes uptake more water for a given ion exchange capacity. This has the effect of lowering proton conductivity, due to dilution of ions; increasing the diffusion coefficient of oxygen; and decreasing the oxygen solubility in the membrane. Due to the offsetting effects of the increased diffusion coefficient and decreased solubility, the oxygen permeability through polystyrene- and polyacryonitrile-based membranes is similar for a given ion exchange capacity. © 2003 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Characterization of a silicon-photonic multi-wavelength power monitor (2014)

We describe the design and operation of a silicon-photonic device for monitoring power variations of individual channels in a multi-wavelength DWDM network. Amplitude variations of ~20 dB, for channels spaced by 100 GHz, are measured.
ChemInform Abstract: Simple Performic Acid Oxidation of Acetylthio Group to Sulfonic Acid and Its Application in Syntheses of 2‐Substituted Taurines. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Cerebral Microvascular Disease Predicts Renal Failure in Type 2 Diabetes (2010)

Abnormalities in small renal vessels may increase the risk of developing impaired renal function, but methods to assess these vessels are extremely limited. We hypothesized that the presence of small vessel disease in the brain, which manifests as silent cerebral infarction (SCI), may predict the progression of kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. We recruited 608 patients with type 2 diabetes without apparent cerebrovascular or cardiovascular disease or overt nephropathy and followed them for a mean of 7.5 years. At baseline, 177 of 608 patients had SCI, diagnosed by cerebral magnetic resonance imaging. The risk for the primary outcome of ESRD or death was significantly higher for patients with SCI than for patients without SCI [hazard ratio, 2.44; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.36 to 4.38]. The risk for the secondary renal end point of any dialysis or doubling of the serum creatinine concentration was also significantly higher for patients with SCI (hazard ratio, 4.79; 95% CI 2.72 to 8.46). The estimated GFR declined more in patients with SCI than in those without SCI; however, the presence of SCI did not increase the risk for progression of albuminuria. In conclusion, independent of microalbuminuria, cerebral microvascular disease predicted renal morbidity among patients with type 2 diabetes.
Genetics of somatic mammalian cells. IX. Quantitation of mutagenesis by physical and chemical agents (1969)

Abstract The system previously described for inducing single gene mutations in Chinese hamster cells has been extended to produce additional auxotrophic mutants. An improved method for quantitating the efficiency of single gene mutation to specific auxotrophies has been developed. Mutagenesis in the forward direction has been measured after treatment of these cells with ethyl methanesulfonate, N‐methyl‐N 1 ‐nitro‐N‐nitrosoguanidine, hydroxylamine, an acridine mustard (ICR‐191), caffeine and ultraviolet‐ and X‐irradiation. For each agent, the single cell survival curve and the efficiency of chromatid breakage and rearrangement were measured. Similar measurements were also carried out with a water‐soluble carcinogen N‐nitrosomethylurea, which was shown to be effective in producing auxotrophic, somatic mutations. These results offer promise of illuminating the relationships between cell killing, chromosomal aberration, single gene mutations and carcinogenesis produced by various agents. The methods described can be used in routine testing of drugs, food additives, and environmental pollutants for mutagenic action in mammalian cells in vitro .
Magnesium Foam Produced from Bulk AZ31 Magnesium Alloy Sheets (2005)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Impedance tomography: imaging algorithms for geophysical applications (1994)

Develops inversion algorithms for use in geophysical applications of electric impedance tomography. Perturbation methods are employed to relate the Fourier transform of the measured surface voltage to the Fourier Laplace transform of the subsurface conductivity. A Tychonov regularization procedure is used to effect the (ill-posed) Laplace inverse transformation. The authors discuss the wavenumber information obtainable for several inversion geometries (placements of injection and monitoring electrodes), and compare the present results with those obtainable from wave-based diffraction tomography.
SAFETY PROFILE OF TASOCITINIB (CP-690,550)-BASED CNI-FREE REGIMENS IN DE NOVO KIDNEY TRANSPLANT PATIENTS IN A DOSE/EXPOSURE-FINDING PHASE 2B STUDY: RESULTS OF A 6-MONTH INTERIM ANALYSIS (2010)

Tedesco-Silva, H.; Grinyó, J. M.; Brennan, D.; Klintmalm, G.; Hartmann, A.; Kulkarni, S.; Vincenti, F.; Steinberg, S.; Stefoni, S.; Kudlacz, E.; Chan, G. Author Information
Molecular Orientation in Mixed Monolayers of Hemicyanine and Fatty Acid at an Air/Water Interface Studied by Second Harmonic Generation (1990)

The molecular orientation of mixed monolayers consisting of hemicyanine dye and arachidic acid at an air/water interface is studied by optical second harmonic generation. It was found that the average molecular tilt angle with respect to the surface normal is almost unchanged throughout the compression process, and is smaller in a monolayer containing a higher fraction of hemicyanine. The effective local field factor was also evaluated as a function of surface number density and was found to agree qualitatively with the theoretical prediction.
Analyzing Contextual Bias of Program Execution on Modern CPUs (2013)

Seemingly innocuous properties of the environment, such as the contents of system environment variables, or different link orders, can impact the performance of computer programs. Variations in external properties like these can bias programs towards certain configurations. These effects have been shown to be a significant issue in performance analysis, but unpredictable and difficult to deal with.Abstract This thesis focuses on the underlying reasons for bias effects that can be experienced for example by changing environment variables, or using different link orders. Both of these factors can lead to differences in memory layout of either code or data, which in turn interacts with various hardware mechanisms. Through experimentation and careful measurements using performance counters, we identify several potential sources of bias on the Intel Core i7 ?Ivy Bridge? architecture. Limitations imposed by the Loop Stream Detector is revealed, along with effects from 4K address aliasing. We show that bias is in fact not completely unpredictable, and discuss measures for avoiding it.Abstract Our case studies show that even highly optimized Fourier transform and linear algebra libraries are prone to bias. We find that stack alignment significantly affects the performance of FFTW, and that in some cases more than 30 % performance gain can be made by avoiding address aliasing in ATLAS' matrix-vector multiplication. Our results show that an awareness of program layout in memory is important, especially for users and developers of performance critical software.
Specifications of Knowledge Components for Reuse (1999)

. The IBROW 3 project aims to support semi-automatic configuration of intelligent problem solvers out of reusable components. The project takes a holistic approach to reuse and is developing solutions for the various types of technologies required to make reuse both technically and economically feasible. These technologies include innovative software architectures, modelling languages, software libraries, brokering agents and methodologies. In this paper we focus on one particular aspect of the IBROW 3 project: the specification of reusable library components. In particular, we illustrate a test case in which a pre-existing library of reusable components for parametric design is reformulated in terms of the framework and constructs provided by the IBROW 3 modelling language. The exercise shows the advantages in terms of reusability and usability afforded by the IBROW 3 approach. The proposed framework and language provide an effective organization for constructing libraries wit...
Colonization of Avian Reproductive-Tract Tissues by Variant Subpopulations of Salmonella Enteritidis (2010)

Leghorn hens were infected with Salmonella Enteritidis cultures of known genomic content and subpopulation characteristics to determine comparative abilities to colonize the avian reproductive tract. Group 1 received phage-type (PT)4 22079, which is a dimorphic subpopulation that can both contaminate eggs and form biofilm. Group 2 received a 90:10 mixture of monomorphic PT13a strains 21027 and 21046, which produce biofilm or contaminate eggs, respectively. Group 3 received a 10:90 mixture of the same two PT13a strains, respectively. Trials were repeated three times and a total of 30 hens per treatment group were infected. Dosage was by oral gavage and was calculated as 8.6 +/- 2.01 X 10(7) colony-forming units per hen. Liver, spleen, and three different sections of oviduct (ovary, upper oviduct, and lower oviduct) were cultured per bird. Results were that all three groups had livers and spleens that were mostly positive (90.0% and 94.4% of 270 hens cultured, respectively). Reproductive-tract organs yielded 75 positives from 270 hens (27.8%), and treatment groups ranged from a low of 6.7% to a high of 76.7% positive cultures in any one trial. There was no significant difference between the numbers of positive reproductive-tract samples between treatment groups due to variance. These results suggest that the status of the reproductive tract at the time of infection may impact recovery of culture-positive tissue and contribute to variance. It is suggested that Salmonella Enteritidis cultures that vary in subpopulation composition have subtle differences in colonization of reproductive tissue that contribute to variance in egg contamination. Culture of non-reproductive-tract organs such as the liver and spleen was overall more reliable for detection of infected hens. The spleen was especially useful for detection because of its small size. Further research is needed to determine how sex hormones influence the infection pathway that results in egg contamination.
Molar Heat Capacity of Aqueous Sulfolane, 4-Formylmorpholine, 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, and Triethylene Glycol Dimethyl Ether Solutions from (303.15 to 353.15) K (2009)

The present study has focused on the experimental measurements of the molar heat capacities of four aqueous physical solvents of importance in natural gas sweetening: (1) tetramethylene sulfone (sulfolane), (2) 4-formylmorpholine (NFM), (3) 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP), and (4) triethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME). The measurements of the molar heat capacities were carried out in the temperature range of (303.15 to 353.15) K and for the entire range of mole fractions. Fractional deviations of the measured molar heat capacities from literature data were less than 1 %, and at worst 2 %. Molar excess heat capacities were calculated from the measurements and correlated as a function of mole fraction and temperature employing the Redlich−Kister equation. The excess partial molar quantities (Cio − Ci*) were calculated by extrapolating the reduced excess heat capacity (CpE/x1x2) function at x1 = 0 and x1 = 1.
The Application of NMR in Determination of the Structure of Cyclanols. I. The Structures of Cyclohexane-1,3-diols (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Application of NMR in Determination of the Structure of Cyclanols. I. The Structures of Cyclohexane-1,3-diolsHarold Finegold and Harold KwartCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1962, 27, 7, 2361–2365Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01054a017https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01054a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views121Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Modification of dopamine release by selective inhibitors of MAO-B. (2000)

Chronic low dose deprenyl treatment in rats causes an increase in striatal extracellular dopamine level, without significant reduction in deaminated metabolite formation. This effect could be the result of increased endogenous levels of the MAO-B substrate beta-phenylethylamine, which is both a releaser of dopamine as well as an inhibitor of the neuronal membrane active dopamine uptake. In guinea pigs, however, striatal extracellular dopamine was not increased either by deprenyl or by clorgyline. Local infusion of the dopamine uptake inhibitor GBR-12909 caused a greater increase in striatal dopamine in microdialysate in rats than in guinea pigs. Intra-species differences in synaptic architecture or in density of dopamine transporter expression may account for these differences.
Mechanism of Decomposition of the Cubic Solid Solutions in the System ZrO <sub>2</sub> —MgO (1965)

The phase diagram for the system ZrO 2 ‐MgO was reinvestigated by using coprecipitated gels. The thermal stability of the defective cubic solid solutions was investigated by a study of kinetics. The decomposition curves were sigmoidal, indicating that the formation of the tetragonal solid solutions proceeded by a process of nucleation and growth. Decomposition comprised: (1) formation of the nuclei of the tetragonal solid solution on the grain surface, (2) growth of the nuclei leading to the formation of an interface, and (3) the irregular growth of that interface into the interior of the grain. During the decomposition magnesium ions diffused out of the regions of the growth of the tetragonal phase and partly precipitated as magnesium oxide at the grain boundaries. The decomposition rate increased with the degree of ordering or clustering of defects and impurities and with the number of the anion defects; it showed a maximum at about 1200°C.
Microvascular benefits of increasing plasma viscosity and maintaining blood viscosity: Counterintuitive experimental findings (2009)

The circulation is adapted to specific levels of blood viscosity resulting in a balance that simultaneously sets peripheral vascular resistance, blood pressure and cardiac output, factors in part mediated by the production of nitric oxide by the endothelium. Although it is generally perceived that decreasing blood viscosity is beneficial for cardiovascular function, small increases of blood viscosity in normal healthy experimental subjects significantly improve cardiovascular function. These changes are within the normal variations of viscosity due to the variations of hematocrit in the healthy population. Hemodilution reduces blood viscosity, which is proposed to be physiologically beneficial. However, in extreme hemodilution, increased plasma viscosity via the use of viscogenic plasma expanders sustains microvascular and tissue function at significantly reduced levels of oxygen delivery. Studies in hemorrhagic shock resuscitation using oxygen carrying and non-carrying red blood cells show that restoration of blood viscosity is as important as restoration of oxygen carrying capacity. It is concluded that although hemodilution is indicated for reducing abnormally high blood viscosities, it is beneficial to increase plasma viscosity when hematocrit is reduced. Furthermore small increases in hematocrit may be beneficial due to the related increase in blood viscosity, independently of the increase of oxygen delivery capacity.