gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dendrimeric β‐Cyclodextrin/Gd<sup>III</sup> Chelate Supramolecular Host–Guest Adducts as High‐Relaxivity MRI Probes (2014)

We have synthesized a new macromolecular architecture, (PAMAM)-CD8 , which consists of eight β-cyclodextrin units (β-CD) attached to a generation 1 poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer through a disulfide bond, which can be cleaved under reducing conditions. This system shows a pronounced hosting capability towards Gd(III) chelates functionalized with hydrophobic groups, thus leading to well-defined supramolecular adducts. (1)H NMR relaxometric investigations were carried out to follow the formation of adducts with three Gd(III) chelates based on the ligand architectures of 6-amino-6-methylperhydro-1,4-diazepinetetraacetic acid (AAZTA) or 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) suitably functionalized with benzyl or adamantyl (Ad) pendant groups. In particular, the ditopic complex composed of two AAZTA chelating units connected to a central aromatic ring that bears an adamantyl group showed a strong affinity (ca. 10(6) M(-1)) for the CD units of the dendrimer, which is two orders of magnitude higher than toward human serum albumin (HSA). Remarkable relaxivity enhancements (i.e., up to 71% at 1 T and 25 °C) were observed upon the formation of the macromolecular host-guest adducts due to a decrease in the molecular tumbling rate and fast water-exchange. Reduction experiments and competition studies between the paramagnetic dendrimer and HSA were carried out by relaxometric techniques. The results show that the metal complexes are not displaced by the protein, thus suggesting that this novel macromolecular probe is potentially suitable for applications in vivo.
Sialyl-tn antigen expression in Crohn's colitis (1997)

: Expression of the mucin-associated sialyl-Tn (STn) antigen is correlated with malignant progression in the colon. In patients with longstanding ulcerative colitis (UC) who never exhibited colonic dysplasia, STn was expressed in fewer than 15% of nondysplastic surveillance colonoscopic biopsies, whereas matched patients who developed colon cancer expressed STn in >40% of previous surveillance biopsies, often several years before the first detection of dysplasia. Since no study has systematically examined STn expression in Crohn's colitis, we performed immunohistochemical staining with monoclonal antibody TKH2 on 110 surgical specimens from 59 patients with Crohn's colitis or ileocolitis. Forty percent of specimens expressed STn antigen. STn was preferentially expressed in specimens of the left colon, regardless of whether the patient had segmental left-sided disease or pancolitis. Specimens with active inflammation manifested increased STn expression, regardless of location in the colon or whether the patient had segmental disease or pancolitis. The enhanced expression of STn in Crohn's colitis compared with UC may reflect important differences in local cytokine profiles between the two inflammatory bowel diseases.
Effects of PVP K30 on Aqueous Solubility and Dissolution Propertiesof Daidzein (2004)

AimTo study effects of PVP K30 on the aque ou s solubility and dissolution properties of daidzein. Methods To measure the aqueous solubility and dissolution rates of daidzein in three diffe rent states (within solid dispersions, physical mixtures and as a pure drug) and investigate drug-polymer interactions in the solid state using X-ray powder d iffraction and fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Results The negative values of the Gibbs free energy and enthalpy of transfer explaine d the spontaneous transfer of daidzein from phosphate buffer solution (PBS) to a solution of PVP in PBS. X-ray powder diffraction patterns showed that the drug was in the amorphous state (ratio of the drug ∶ PVP1∶5) when dispers ed i n PVP K30. The infrared spectra indicated there exist interactions between the O H of daidzein and the C=O of PVP K30. Conclusionthe dispersion of daidzein in PVP K30 considerably enhances the solubility and dissolution rat e.
Vitamin C enhancement of brood rearing by caged honeybees fed a chemically defined diet (1985)

Abstract Pollen collected by bees was sampled during a 3‐h period once a week from April to October 1983 and analyzed for vitamin C (L‐ascorbic acid and dehydroascorbic acid). The levels were highly variable and ranged from a low of 136 μg/g pollen (April) to a high of 1943 μg/g pollen (May). Overall, caged honeybees fed diets containing 1,000 and 2,000 μg/g L‐ascorbic acid reared significantly more bees to the sealed stage than bees fed diets with 500 μg/g ascorbic acid or control bees. The levels of vitamin C in prepupae reared by bees ranged from 64.5 to 103.5 μg/g body mass. Vitamin C is either synthesized from simple precursors or from symbiotic microorganisms in the gut since honeybees fed the ascorbic acid‐free control had equivalent levels of ascorbic acid to those fed the enriched diets. The total diet consumption by bees during the 10‐week study showed that the four diets were equally attractive.
清代越南使節於中國廣東的文學活動——兼為《越南漢文燕行文獻集成》進行補充 (2016)

17—19世紀，廣東與越南一直有很密切的文學交流，其中19世紀内奉派到北京難得途經廣東的燕行使，以及直接到廣東公幹的越南派員，都扮演著十分重要的腳色。本文廣搜清代越南使節潘輝益、武輝瑨、段波、阮提、吳仁静、鄭懷德、李文馥、汝伯仕、范富庶、潘輝泳、范芝香、鄧輝躇、范慎逋、阮述等人在廣東（以廣州爲主，兼及佛山等地）與港澳地區活動的漢字文獻記録，以掌握這些越南使節們在廣東購書、刻書的經過，及其與諸多廣東文人的交往互動情況，藉以從“他者”的角度重現中越文學交流的若干真相，豐富嶺南文學發展史的内涵，並兼爲中越合作出版的《越南漢文燕行文獻集成（越南所藏編）》進行補充。
29.2: Top Emission Organic EL Display on Paper Substrate (2004)

Abstract We introduce top emission organic light emitting devices (TEOLEDs) on paper substrate. The Substrate selected was a commercial ink‐jet paper. Paper was coated with a polymer to prevent water penetration and out gassing and to improve surface roughness. We studied substrate properties as a function of coating structure and material on paper and fabricated device. It consisted of a metal anode having with work function and a semi‐transparent cathode. It shows brightness over 400cd/m 2 and working well on the rolled state.
Tourism, Technology and Competitive Strategies (1993)

Tourism, the world s fastest growing industry, is now entering a more mature phase. During the 1970s and 1980s mass tourism, with its rigid, standardized packages, developed rapidly and provided many consumers with their first experiences of international travel. Today, a complex and multi-faceted industry, tourism faces growing pressures - consumer demand for more individually tailored holidays, an increasingly competitive operational environment, opportunities provided by new technology and growing environmental concerns. This book analyzes the major challenges facing tourism today. The author highlights the central role of information technology in creating mass tourism by the mid-1970 s, and how this technology and innovation is creating a new best practice of flexibility, market segmentation and diagonal integration within tourism. The book demonstrates how companies in the industry can enhance their competitiveness in the market place. Aimed at both academics and industry practitioners, this original and challenging work will attract a wide readership.
Flow-fiber coupled injection molding simulations with non-uniform fiber concentration effects (2018)

We propose to account for non-uniform fiber concentration effects in a novel fiber-flow coupled injection molding simulation framework. The rheological properties of fiber suspensions are characterized by an optimal scalar viscosity defined by a minimization principle. Comprehensive theoretical analyses are carried out to gain further physical insights into this approximate orientation-dependent model. The flow-induced fiber orientation and migration are numerically computed and then injected into the constitutive equation at every time-step. Based on careful post-processing of the obtained kinematics and fiber evolution, simulation results on a center-gated disk suggest a stronger coupling behavior due to a spatially-varying concentration. This multiphysics coupling leads to a further improvement in terms of fiber orientation prediction compared with experimental results.
Genetic Policy Optimization. (2017)

Genetic algorithms have been widely used in many practical optimization problems. Inspired by natural selection, operators, including mutation, crossover and selection, provide effective heuristics for search and black-box optimization. However, they have not been shown useful for deep reinforcement learning, possibly due to the catastrophic consequence of parameter crossovers of neural networks. Here, we present Genetic Policy Optimization (GPO), a new genetic algorithm for sample-efficient deep policy optimization. GPO uses imitation learning for policy crossover in the state space and applies policy gradient methods for mutation. Our experiments on Mujoco tasks show that GPO as a genetic algorithm is able to provide superior performance over the state-of-the-art policy gradient methods and achieves comparable or higher sample efficiency.
Fluorocarbon emulsions (1995)

Perfluorocarbon emulsions have been the topic of intense investigation for many years and presently there are still no absolute indications for their use in clinical practice. The relatively disappointing results of the early clinical studies, as a consequence of using low concentrations of a relatively underdeveloped emulsion, have been responsible for a largely negative impression and it is now essential that the newer second generation emulsions should be judged individually with regard to their efficacy and toxicity under different circumstances. Technological advancement in the fields of chemistry and detergent/emulsifier research will continue and new formulations are being developed which which will require to be tested in models in the laboratory. In the future, this class of drugs will continue to be the topic of intense investigation and their mechanisms of action, which are undoubtedly more complex than the simple carriage of dissolved gases in solution, will be clarified. However, whether fluorocarbon emulsions will ever be used as a 'blood substitute' as was originally anticipated is doubtful.
A New Convolutional Neural Network-Based Data-Driven Fault Diagnosis Method (2017)

Fault diagnosis is vital in manufacturing system, since early detections on the emerging problem can save invaluable time and cost. With the development of smart manufacturing, the data-driven fault diagnosis becomes a hot topic. However, the traditional data-driven fault diagnosis methods rely on the features extracted by experts. The feature extraction process is an exhausted work and greatly impacts the final result. Deep learning (DL) provides an effective way to extract the features of raw data automatically. Convolutional neural network (CNN) is an effective DL method. In this study, a new CNN based on LeNet-5 is proposed for fault diagnosis. Through a conversion method converting signals into two-dimensional (2-D) images, the proposed method can extract the features of the converted 2-D images and eliminate the effect of handcrafted features. The proposed method which is tested on three famous datasets, including motor bearing dataset, self-priming centrifugal pump dataset, and axial piston hydraulic pump dataset, has achieved prediction accuracy of 99.79%, 99.481%, and 100%, respectively. The results have been compared with other DL and traditional methods, including adaptive deep CNN, sparse filter, deep belief network, and support vector machine. The comparisons show that the proposed CNN-based data-driven fault diagnosis method has achieved significant improvements.
[Short-term effects of thoracoscopic anterior spine release combined with posterior correction on pulmonary function in patients with idiopathic scoliosis]. (2012)

Although the thoracoscopic anterior spine release combined with posterior correction might disturb the function of the thoracic cavity, the PFTs of the patients could be improved at different aspects because of the shape changes of the thoracic cavity, and the pulmonary function still needed further observation.
Distributed theory for microwave bipolar transistors (1974)

A transistor large enough in one dimension to span a length significant compared to a quarter wavelength within the device can be treated as two-coupled transmission lines. The general solution of such lines is applied here for the small-signal linear case treated as a classical boundary value problem of TEM waves on coupled lines, which are uniform but have no other restrictions regarding transmission line parameters, coupling, symmetry, similarity, or terminations. This solution is extended to include the parasitic inductance and capacitance usually present in connecting the device into a circuit. Electrical characteristics of a distributed device begin to deviate noticeably from those of the equivalent lumped device even at a relatively short electrical length. Computer simulation of a large distributed transistor indicates that, if properly employed, distributed effects in small-signal operation may lead to advantageous characteristics such as in device impedance levels, stability, and gain-band product. Other characteristics may prove to be disadvantageous or troublesome in large signal or class C operation. If unrecognized or ignored, distributed effects can result in highly unsatisfactory transistor operation. As microwave transistors increase in size and frequency capability, distributed effects will undoubtedly need to be taken increasingly into account.
The Physician's Workstation: an example of end user integration of information systems. (1991)

Many hospitals today have implemented widely disparate information systems on mainframe and mini-computer hardware. The advent of network technology in hospitals has made it possible to access information in these systems. Unfortunately, the user interfaces to applications on these system are unique and difficult to learn, which makes them unsuitable for use by clinical services. In this paper we describe the development using rapid prototyping object-oriented programming tools of a Physician's Workstation which integrates information from five different applications running on three separate computer systems.
The role of cardiac troponin t and other new biochemical markers in evaluation and risk stratification of patients with acute chest pain syndromes (1997)

The new markers, particularly cardiac troponin T, offer considerable advantages and they should be more widely used in the diagnosis and risk stratification of acute coronary syndromes.
Tremor. (2003)

Tremor, a rhythmic, involuntary, oscillatory movement of body parts, is the most common movement disorder. Tremors are classified as rest or action tremors. Rest tremor occurs when the affected body part is completely supported against gravity. Action tremors are produced by voluntary muscle contraction and are further divided into postural, isometric, or kinetic tremors. This article describes clinical signs and symptoms of six tremor syndromes, including physiologic tremor, essential tremor, Parkinson's disease, toxic and drug-induced tremor, cerebellar tremor, and psychogenic tremor, and presents a detailed diagnostic approach to tremor. Although new technologies such as positron emission tomography and single photon emission computed tomography are under investigation for possible use in diagnosing specific tremor syndromes, they have no widespread applicability or use at this time. The history and physical examination remain the most important diagnostic tools available to clinicians in identifying and classifying tremor syndromes.
Enolase Isoforms Activities in Spermatozoa From Men With Normospermia and Abnormospermia (2002)

Total enolase as well as enolase-alphaalpha. (ENO-alphaalpha, ubiquitous) and enolase-S (ENO-S, sperm-specific) activities were measured in total and Percoll-selected sperm from 30 normospermic fertile men and 20 abnormospermic infertile patients. The total enolase activity was significantly higher in total sperm from patients with abnormospermia compared with normospermic patients (11.1 +/- 1.9 vs. 4.8 +/- 0.5 mlU/10(7) sperm P < .05). ENO-alphaalpha activity was significantly higher in total sperm from abnormospermic men than from normospermic men (P < .05). ENO-alphaalpha activity in Percoll-selected sperm was significantly lower compared with total sperm in both group of patients; however, for the same sperm fraction ENO-alphaalpha activity did not differ between normospermic and abnormospermic men. ENO-alphaalpha activity was related to the cell contamination ratio and to the percentage of spermatozoa with abnormal morphology. Furthermore, ENO-alphaalpha was positively correlated with the percentage of immature sperm showing an excess of residual cytoplasm. ENO-S activity was significantly higher in total sperm from normospermic patients than from abnormospermic patients (P < .05). ENO-S activity in Percoll-selected sperm was not significantly different compared with total sperm in both group of patients. However, this activity was significantly lower in Percoll-selected sperm from abnormospermic men compared with normospermic men (P < .05). ENO-S activity was not related to the cell contamination ratio but was significantly correlated with the percentage of spermatozoa with normal morphology. The 2 enolase isoforms seem to reflect 2 opposite aspects of sperm cells quality: ENO-alphaalpha is associated with abnormal spermatozoa, immature spermatozoa, or both; and ENO-S is associated with normal spermatozoa. As an additional index to distinguish normal from abnormal semen, the ENO-S:ENO-alphaalpha ratio was evaluated for total and Percoll-selected sperm in both groups. This ratio seems to be a new, valuable marker of the global sperm quality in a given semen sample, and may represent a predictive index of sperm fertilizing potential.
Advanced ultrafast imaging with synthetic transmit aperture (USTA) imaging (2016)

However, we are currently filing a patent application of the corresponding work. It won't be ready until Sep 18 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> so we are afraid we are not able to submit it before the deadline, Sep 4 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> . We are trying our best to finish the patent application before the symposium and hopefully we can still get a chance to add our paper to the proceedings.
Amplifier design for high efficiency performance (2000)

This paper describes the design and performance of high efficiency power amplifiers at X-band using state-of-the-art power heterostructure FET (HFET) devices operating in Class AB/F. Two single-ended power amplifiers were designed using 4.8 mm and 9.6 mm gate width HFET devices. Conventional MIC technology was employed for practically realising the designs. The amplifiers exhibited power-added efficiencies significantly higher than conventional power devices. The 4.8 mm HFET amplifier achieved a power-added efficiency of 53 percent at an output power of 2.5 Watts with a small-signal gain of 8 dB. The second amplifier employing the 9.6 mm HFETs achieved a power-added efficiency of 42 percent at an output power of 8 Watts with a small-signal gain of 7 dB. (6 pages)
Behavior-to-placed RTL synthesis with performance-driven placement (2001)

Interconnect delay should be considered together with computation delay during architectural synthesis in order to achieve timing closure in deep submicrometer technology. In this paper, we propose an architectural synthesis technique for distributed-register architecture, which separates interconnect delay for data transfer from component delay for computation. The technique incorporates performance-driven placement into the architectural synthesis to minimize performance overhead due to interconnect delay. Experimental results show that our methodology achieves performance improvement of up to 60% and 22% on the average.
A Traffic Simulation Package Based On Travel Demand (2012)

In this paper we propose a new traffic simulation package, TDMSim, which supports both macroscopic and microscopic simulation on free-flowing and regulated traffic systems. Both simulators are based on travel demands, which specify the numbers of vehicles departing from origins to arrive at different destinations. The microscopic simulator implements the carfollowing model given the pre-defined routes of the vehicles but also supports the rerouting of vehicles. We also propose a macroscopic simulator which is built in integration with the microscopic simulator to allow the simulation to be scaled for larger networks without sacrificing the precision achievable through the microscopic simulator. The macroscopic simulator also enables the reuse of previous simulation results when simulating traffic on the same networks at later time. Validations have been conducted to show the correctness of both simulators.
Insulin-like growth factor-I reverses the impairment of wound healing induced by corticosteroids in rats (1992)

Corticosteroids are widely used therapeutic agents that have as a major side-effect the impairment of wound healing. Two hypotheses were tested: 1) that antiinflammatory corticosteroids decrease the local insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) response to injury; and 2) that locally administered IGF-I would overcome methylprednisolone-mediated suppression of healing. The IGF-I concentration was measured in fluid from wire mesh cylinder wounds in rats given saline or methylprednisolone im. Rats receiving 8 and 16 mg had decreased wound IGF-I levels of 32% and 56%, respectively, compared to the saline-injected controls. IGF-I was infused (15 micrograms/day) by osmotic minipumps into wire mesh cylinder wound chambers of methylprednisolone (8 mg)-treated rats for 7 and 14 days. Methylprednisolone decreased wound DNA to 21%, hydroxyproline to 30%, and total protein to 5% of the values found in saline-infused controls. A 14-day treatment with IGF-I completely reversed the effect of methylprednisolone and increased DNA, hydroxyproline, and total protein to 216%, 109%, and 96% of saline control values, respectively. In conclusion, corticosteroids depressed wound IGF-I concentrations in rats, and an infusion of IGF-I into wound chambers reversed the corticosteroid-induced impairment of wound healing, as determined by the DNA, hydroxyproline, and total protein contents in wound chambers.
Model for Determining the Stability of Retail Deposits with Higher Outflow Rates / Model za izračun stabilnosti vlog na drobno z višjo stopnjo odliva (2015)

Abstract Retail deposits are treated as one of the cheapest and most stable funding sources for banks, especially for those with high volumes of retail deposits. A bank defines three main categories of retail deposits that are subject to different outflow rates for the purpose of liquidity coverage requirements in reporting and compliance. The outflow rates for the first two main groups are 5% and 10% respectively, but for the third main group the bank calculates its own outflow rates. We analyzed the latter in this paper. Each bank should assign retail deposits to one of the three categories based on the number and type of predetermined risk factors. Risk factors are divided into two groups according to the degree of risk. The paper first describes the legislative framework, followed by the method of calculating higher outflow rates for retail deposits according to the historical movements and the expected volatility assessment in the situation of stress conditions. At the end of the paper, we briefly provide the future treatment of retail deposits with higher outflow rates.