gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interferometric current sensors using optical fibres (1981)

Two types of fibre-optic current sensor have been developed and successfully tested in the laboratory: magnetostrictive jacketing materials and a heating effect, to produce a phase shift in the optical fibre. A ruggedised all-fibre interferometer powered by a diode laser was used to detect the phase changes induced by the electrical current.
LARGE AREA PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATORS USING METAL FOIL SUBSTRATES WITH Pb(Zr<sub>x</sub>,Ti<sub>1 - x</sub>)O<sub>3</sub> THIN FILMS (2008)

ABSTRACT We report on the deposition of Pb(Zrx,Ti1 - x)O3 (PZT) thin films by chemical solution deposition (CSD) on stainless steel foils. The electrical characterization proves good ferroelectric properties with a remnant polarization of 38 μ C/cm2. Since PZT is also piezoelectric the 35 μ m and 50 μ m thick metal foils are used to make piezoelectric actuated cantilever beams of several millimeter lengths. Actuated with 10–30 V a displacement up to 32 μ m was measured in quasi-static mode. In resonance mode the displacement increases several times at the same driving voltage.
A Psychoacoustic Engineering Approach to Machine Sound Source Separation in Reverberant Environments (2011)

Reverberation continues to present a major problem for sound source separation algorithms, due to its corruption of many of the acoustical cues on which these algorithms rely. However, humans demonstrate a remarkable robustness to reverberation and many psychophysical and perceptual mechanisms are well documented. This thesis therefore considers the research question: can the reverberation–performance of existing psychoacoustic engineering approaches to machine source separation be improved? The precedence effect is a perceptual mechanism that aids our ability to localise sounds in reverberant environments. Despite this, relatively little work has been done on incorporating the precedence effect into automated sound source separation. Consequently, a study was conducted that compared several computational precedence models and their impact on the performance of a baseline separation algorithm. The algorithm included a precedence model, which was replaced with the other precedence models during the investigation. The models were tested using a novel metric in a range of reverberant rooms and with a range of other mixture parameters. The metric, termed Ideal Binary Mask Ratio, is shown to be robust to the effects of reverberation and facilitates meaningful and direct comparison between algorithms across different acoustic conditions. Large differences between the performances of the models were observed. The results showed that a separation algorithm incorporating a model based on interaural coherence produces the greatest performance gain over the baseline algorithm. The results from the study also indicated that it may be necessary to adapt the precedence model to the acoustic conditions in which the model is utilised. This effect is analogous to the perceptual Clifton effect, which is a dynamic component of the precedence effect that appears to adapt precedence to a given acoustic environment in order to maximise its effectiveness. However, no work has been carried out on adapting a precedence model to the acoustic conditions under test. Specifically, although the necessity for such a component has been suggested in the literature, neither its necessity nor benefit has been formally validated. Consequently, a further study was conducted in which parameters of each of the previously compared precedence models were varied in each room in order to identify if, and to what extent, the separation performance varied with these parameters. The results showed that the reverberation–performance of existing psychoacoustic engineering approaches to machine source separation can be improved and can yield significant gains in separation performance.
In-plane thermoelectric power of<i>c</i>-axis-oriented<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Sr</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">−</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Nd</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">CuO</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">−</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">δ</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>thin films (1994)

We measured the in-plane thermoelectric-power coefficients (S) of c-axis-oriented ${\mathrm{Sr}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{Nd}}_{\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{CuO}}_{2\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\delta}}}$ (0\ensuremath{\le}x\ensuremath{\le}0.125) thin films deposited by means of a pulsed-laser deposition technique. The sign of S was negative for all the samples deposited on ${\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}$ substrates and its absolute value decreased with increasing x. The value of S for ${\mathrm{Sr}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{Nd}}_{\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{CuO}}_{2\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\delta}}}$ with x=0.125 was demonstrated to be strongly dependent on the substrate material on which the a-axis length depended. On the other hand, the value of S for ${\mathrm{Sr}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{Nd}}_{\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{CuO}}_{2\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\delta}}}$ with x=0.05 was found to be rather weakly dependent on the a-axis length. These observations were discussed based on bond-valence-sum calculations. The variation in S of the x=0.125 sample was attributed to the change in the electronic structure.
Configurational enthalpy of polystyrene (1967)

Abstract Recent precision measurements of the heats of combustion of atactic and isotactic polystyrene permit an unequivocal calculation of the enthalpy difference in the bulk amorphous forms of the two isomers of this polymer. Contributions to this quantity arise mainly from the differences in nonbonded interactions in the two configurations but may also contain terms relating to higher energy conformations and to intermolecular interactions. The thermochemical and NMR data of specific polymers and of simple molecules are discussed in a comparison with model compound calculations. The thermochemical method has potentially important applications in studying molecular interactions in stereoregular polymers.
In vivo efficacy and pharmacokinetics of tomopenem (CS-023), a novel carbapenem, against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a murine chronic respiratory tract infection model (2008)

Tomopenem significantly reduced the number of viable bacteria in a murine model of chronic airway infection by P. aeruginosa, compared with the control. Considering the longer half-life of tomopenem in humans compared with most other carbapenems, tomopenem treatment of chronic airway infection with P. aeruginosa is expected to be efficacious.
Resolution enhancement for advanced mask aligner lithography using phase-shifting photomasks (2014)

The application of the phase-shift method allows a significant resolution enhancement for proximity lithography in mask aligners. Typically a resolution of 3 µm (half-pitch) at a proximity distance of 30 µm is achieved utilizing binary photomasks. By using an alternating aperture phase shift photomask (AAPSM), a resolution of 1.5 µm (half-pitch) for non-periodic lines and spaces pattern was demonstrated at 30 µm proximity gap. In a second attempt a diffractive photomask design for an elbow pattern having a half-pitch of 2 µm was developed with an iterative design algorithm. The photomask was fabricated by electron-beam lithography and consists of binary amplitude and phase levels.
Surface Roughness and Color Change of Copper-Amine Treated Red Maple (Acer rubrum) Exposed to Artificial Ultraviolet Light (2002)

Summary UV absorbers were microwave-grafted onto copper-amine (Cu-MEA) treated maple. The so-treated wood was weathered with UV light for various periods of time. Two weathering cycles were used: one with only an irradiation step using a 175W medium pressure mercury lamp of wavelength higher than 300 nm and a second with irradiation and a water spray step. The surface color and the surface roughness were monitored and the biological performance of the UV absorbers grafted on copper amine-treated maple evaluated as well. ∆E, the total color change was measured and it increased from 0 to 14.7 after 317 h weathering for untreated maple. For Cu-MEA treated and UV absorbers grafted on the surface, the values of ∆E range from 0.7 to 5.7. The higher values of ∆E for both treated and untreated samples were associated with the weathering cycle with the water spray step, suggesting that water plays an important role in the wood discoloration. However, the microwave grafting of UV absorber on Cu-MEA treated maple did not prevent or reduce the formation of rough surface or inhibit the biological performance of Cu-MEA. This laboratory study indicates that phenolic UV absorbers can be microwave grafted on maple to improve the color stability.
Bond–Detach Lithography: A Method for Micro/Nanolithography by Precision PDMS Patterning (2006)

We have discovered a micro/nanopatterning technique based on the patterning of a PDMS membrane/film, which involves bonding a PDMS structure/stamp (that has the desired patterns) to a PDMS film. The technique, which we call "bond-detach lithography", was demonstrated (in conjunction with other microfabrication techniques) by transferring several micro- and nanoscale patterns onto a variety of substrates. Bond-detach lithography is a parallel process technique in which a master mold can be used many times, and is particularly simple and inexpensive.
Neuron-Specific Prolyl-4-Hydroxylase Domain 2 Knockout Reduces Brain Injury After Transient Cerebral Ischemia (2012)

Our findings denote that the endogenous adaptive response on hypoxic-ischemic insults in the brain is at least partly dependent on the activity of HIFs and identify PHD2 as the key regulator for the protective hypoxia response. The results suggest that specific inhibition of PHD2 may provide a useful therapeutic strategy to protect brain tissue from ischemic injury.
Experimental study into carbon dioxide solubility and species distribution in aqueous alkanolamine solutions (2012)

We investigated the solubility of CO 2 in aqueous solutions of alkanolamines at 40C and 120C over CO 2 partial pressures ranging from a few kPa to 100 kPa to evaluate the potential for CO 2 capture from flue gas. CO 2 capacities were compared between monoethanolamine, N-ethyl ethanolamine and N-isopropyl ethanolamine. Speciation analyses were conducted in the alkanolamine solutions at different CO 2 loadings by accurate quantitative 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. N-isopropyl ethanolamine showed a large capacity for CO 2 because of the formation of bicarbonate. However, we also found that at a lower CO 2 loading a significant amount of carbamate was present in the aqueous N-isopropyl ethanolamine solutions.
Clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease: Autopsy results in 150 cases (1988)

One hundred fifty autopsy brains from patients with clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease (AD) were examined pathologically. The brains were received consecutively over a 3-year period from numerous sources as part of a research program in which one brain half was frozen for biochemical studies and the other half was fixed in formalin. One hundred thirty-one (87%) of the 150 cases fulfilled histological criteria for AD, with or without additional findings, such as Parkinson's disease or stroke. At least a minimal degree of amyloid angiopathy was found in every brain showing histopathological abnormalities of AD. Twenty-three (18%) of the 131 AD brains had Lewy bodies in neurons of the substantia nigra. Thirteen of the 19 non-AD cases were diagnosed as other neurodegenerative disorders. In only 2 cases was no histological correlate for the patient's dementia found. We conclude that (1) the many physicians who diagnosed these cases did so highly accurately; (2) degenerative changes in the substantia nigra were more common in patients with AD than has been reported for the general aged population; (3) amyloid angiopathy was a constant accompaniment of AD, although its severity varied widely; (4) vascular dementia was rarely clinically misdiagnosed as AD; (5) neuropathological findings were insufficient to account for the clinical syndrome of dementia in less than 2% of cases; (6) the histological criteria established by the National Institutes of Health/American Association of Retired Persons Workshop on the Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease worked well in assessing this large series.
Dependence of magnetomechanical performance of CoGaxFe2−xO4 on temperature variation (2011)

The temperature dependence of the magnetoelastic properties of the CoGaxFe2−xO4 system (for x = 0.0, 0.2, and 0.4) has been studied. It has been shown that increase in temperature resulted in reduced magnetostrictive hysteresis. For both CoGa0.2Fe1.8O4 and CoGa0.4Fe1.6O4, the measured magnetostriction amplitudes were higher at 250 K than at 150 K. It was also shown that the temperature stability of magnetostriction in CoGa0.2Fe1.8O4 is higher than that of the other compositions studiedwhich is important for sensor applications. The highest strain sensitivity was obtained for CoGa0.2Fe1.8O4 at 250 K. Results demonstrate the possibility of tailoring magnetomechanical properties of the material to suit intended applications under varying temperature conditions.
Cover Feature: Loops and Cycles at Surfaces: The Unique Properties of Topological Polymer Brushes (Chem. Eur. J. 51/2017) (2017)

Can the performance of polymer brushes as steric stabilizers, biopassive layers and boundary lubricants be improved? The answer to this intriguing question encompasses the application of polymer grafts presenting different chain topologies, beyond chain linearity. Polymer adsorbates forming loops and cyclic macromolecules yielding cyclic brushes on flat and nanoparticle surfaces generate films with unique physicochemical properties. Benetti and co-workers review their preparation, characterization and modeling, trying to redefine the paradigm for surface functionalization by polymer grafting. More information can be found in the Minireview by E. M. Benetti et al. on page 12433.
Herzrhythmusstörungen (2008)

AuszugObwohl die Frage nach der körperlichen Belastbarkeit bei Herzrhythmusstörungen in der Praxis häufig gestellt wird, sind gesicherte Erkenntnisse hierüber eher spärlich, insbesondere existieren kaum Daten aus prospektiven Studien bei Sporttreibenden. Mögliche Empfehlungen werden sich danach richten, inwieweit durch die jeweilige Herzrhythmusstörung eine erhöhte Morbidität oder Mortalität besteht und, umgekehrt formuliert, inwieweit die Vermeidung körperlicher Aktivität zu einer Reduzierung des Risikos führt [, , , , , ]. Generell ist das Risiko, während körperlicher Belastung an ernsthaften Herzrhythmusstörungen zu sterben, erhöht. Andererseits sinkt das Risiko während Belastung und in Ruhe deutlich, wenn regelmäßig Sport betrieben wird oder eine regelmäßige körperliche Aktivität ausgeübt wird (s. Kap. 2). Man darf also nicht nur das Risiko während der körperlichen Belastung betrachten, sondern vielmehr muss das Gesamtrisiko berücksichtigt werden.
Robustness of linear and nonlinear H/sub ∞/ controllers in unified framework (2002)

This paper shows that not only the central controllers but all linear H/sub /spl infin// state feedback, output feedback, static output feedback controllers of the most general nominal continuous linear plant are robust despite perturbations. Moreover, with some additional mild assumptions, any (linear or nonlinear) H/sub /spl infin// controller has such robustness as well. Such results hold true even for a very general class of hybrid systems, which includes the discrete time system, sampled-data system, etc. As a special case. Such results are extended to a general class of nonlinear systems. In contrast to previous papers which combined Riccati/Hamilton-Jacobi-Isaacs equations with implicit function theorem and the completing square technique to obtain the desired robustness, the new approach presented here uses only the most common gain and internally stabilizing conditions of any H/sub /spl infin// controllers that yields the desired results with no extra conditions involved.
A mild, pyridine-borane-based reductive amination protocol (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleA mild, pyridine-borane-based reductive amination protocolMark D. Bomann, Ian C. Guch, and Marcello DiMareCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 18, 5995–5996Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00123a049https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00123a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3352Altmetric-Citations137LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Development of Antigen-Specific CD8+ CTL in MHC Class I-Deficient Mice through CD4 to CD8 Conversion (2004)

CD8+ CTL are the predominant tumoricidal effector cells. We find, however, that MHC class I-deficient mice depleted of CD8+ T cells are able to mount an effective antitumor immunity after immunization with fused dendritic/tumor cells. Such immunity appears to be mediated by the generation of phenotypic and functional CD8+ CTL through CD4+ to CD8+ conversion, which we have demonstrated at the single cell level. CD4+ to CD8+ conversion depends on effective in vivo activation and is promoted by CD4+ T cell proliferation. The effectiveness of this process is shown by the generation of antitumor immunity through adoptive transfer of primed CD4 T cells to provide protection against tumor cell challenge and to eliminate established pulmonary metastases.
Cellulose nanofibril reinforced composite electrolytes for lithium ion battery applications (2014)

The present study describes the synthesis and characterization of a series of four composite electrolytes for lithium ion battery applications. The two-phase electrolytes are composed of a soft, ionic conductive poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) matrix having stiff nanofibrillated cellulose (CNF) paper as reinforcement to provide mechanical integrity. The reinforcing CNF is modified in order to create covalent bonds between the phases which is particularly beneficial when swelling the composite with a liquid electrolyte to enhance the ionic conductivity. After swelling the composite polymer electrolyte, forming a gelled structure, values of ionic conductivity at 5 × 10−5 S cm−1 and an elastic modulus around 400 MPa at 25 °C are obtained.
230: Impact of Post-Ejaculatory Pain in Men with Category III Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome (CPPS) (2004)

You have accessJournal of UrologyPodium, Saturday, May 8, 2004, 3:30 - 5:30 pm1 Apr 2004230: Impact of Post-Ejaculatory Pain in Men with Category III Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome (CPPS) Daniel Shoskes, J. Richard Landis, Yanlin Wang, J. Curtis Nickel, Scott Zeitlin, and Robert B. Nadler Daniel ShoskesDaniel Shoskes More articles by this author , J. Richard LandisJ. Richard Landis More articles by this author , Yanlin WangYanlin Wang More articles by this author , J. Curtis NickelJ. Curtis Nickel More articles by this author , Scott ZeitlinScott Zeitlin More articles by this author , and Robert B. NadlerRobert B. Nadler More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)37492-5AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "230: Impact of Post-Ejaculatory Pain in Men with Category III Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome (CPPS)." The Journal of Urology, 171(4S), pp. 60–61 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 171Issue 4SApril 2004Page: 60-61 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Daniel Shoskes More articles by this author J. Richard Landis More articles by this author Yanlin Wang More articles by this author J. Curtis Nickel More articles by this author Scott Zeitlin More articles by this author Robert B. Nadler More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
A model of right ventricular failure after global myocardial ischemia and mechanical left ventricular support. (1992)

Postcardiotomy right ventricular (RV) failure after institution of mechanical left ventricular (LV) support is poorly understood. Using a canine model supported by cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), the animals underwent 30 min of aortic clamping or no ischemia and were weaned to an LV assist device (LVAD). Echocardiographic measurements of LV and RV cavity size off support allowed calculation of percentage change in cavity area (fractional shortening). There were no differences at baseline. After 2 hrs on LVAD, there were significant differences between ischemic and control groups in both LV (38 +/- 12 vs. 61 +/- 6) and RV (15 +/- 3 vs. 55 +/- 12). The ischemic RV also had significantly decreased function compared with the LV (38 +/- 12 vs. 15 +/- 3). The control group demonstrated no differences in ventricular function. The authors concluded that global ischemia diminishes LV and RV function, and this effect is accentuated in the RV after LVAD support. In controls, RV function is not affected by LVAD support, but after ischemia, LVAD support alone often will be inadequate.