gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Selective Sulfenylation of Tryptophan Residues in α-Lactalbumin of Bovine Milk (1974)

Abstract Tryptophan residues of bovine α-lactalbumin, one of the two protein components of lactose synthetase, were selectively sulfenylated with 2-nitrophenylsulfenyl chloride. When the reaction was performed in 0.1 m acetic acid for 1 hour, a modified protein containing 1.0 nitrophenylsulfenyl tryptophan residue per α-lactalbumin molecule was formed and isolated in 42% yield. Upon reduction, carboxymethylation, and trypsin digestion, this sulfenylated α-lactalbumin (NPS1-αLA) yielded two yellow peptides. Amino acid composition of these peptides indicated that in NPS1-αLA, tryptophan residues 60 and 118 were equally sulfenylated to the extent of 0.5 nitrophenylsulfenyl tryptophan per α-lactalbumin. NPS1-αLA cross-reacts with anti-α-lactalbumin antibodies, but, unlike the native protein, it has no biological activity in the lactose synthesis reaction, and its electrophoretic mobility on polyacrylamide gels is different from that of native α-lactalbumin.
Exploring the interdependencies of research funders in the UK (2014)

Investment in medical research is vital to the continuing improvement of the UK's health and wealth. It is through research that we expand our understanding of disease and develop new treatments for patients. Medical research charities currently contribute over £1 billion annually to medical research in the UK, of which over £350 million is provided by Cancer Research UK. Many charities, \nincluding Cancer Research UK, receive no government funding for their research \nactivity.\n\nCancer Research UK is engaged in a programme of work in order to better understand the medical research funding environment and demonstrate the importance of sustained investment. A key part of that is the Office of Health \nEconomics‟ (OHE) 2011 report “Exploring the interdependency between public and charitable medical research”. This study found that there are substantial \nbenefits, both financial and qualitative, from the existence of a variety of funders and that reductions in the level of government financial support for medical \nresearch are likely to have broader negative effects.\nThis contributed to other evidence which found that the activities and funding of the charity, public and private sectors respectively are complementary, i.e. mutually reinforcing, rather than duplicative or merely substituting for one another. \n\n“Exploring the interdependencies of research funders in the UK” by the Office of Health Economics (OHE) and SPRU: Science and Technology Policy Research at the University of Sussex, represents a continued effort to build the evidence base around the funding of medical research. \nThis report uncovers the extent to which funders of cancer research are interdependent, nationally and internationally. Key figures show that two \nthirds of publications acknowledging external support have relied on multiple funders, while just under half benefited from overseas funding, and almost a fifth are also supported by industry. In addition the analysis \nshows that the general public would not want tax funding of cancer research to be reduced, but would not donate enough to charities to compensate for any such reduction.
Quantum Dots: Heralding A Brighter Future for Clinical Diagnostics (2012)

Quantum dots (QDs) are semiconductor nanocrystals that possess unique optical properties including broad-range excitation, size-tunable narrow emission spectra and high photostability, giving them considerable value in various biomedical applications. The size and composition of QDs can be varied to obtain the desired emission properties and make them amenable to simultaneous detection of multiple targets. Furthermore, numerous surface functionalizations can be used to adapt QDs to the needed application. The successful use of QDs has been reported in the areas of in vitro diagnostics and imaging. There is also potential for multimodal applications for simultaneous imaging. Toxicity issues are still a prime concern with regards to in vivo applications on account of the toxic constituents of QDs.
Medical strategies for weight loss in the overweight and obese patient. (2006)

In recent years, obesity has become a major public health problem in Western countries. The World Health Organization has defined obesity as a global epidemic of the third millennium. Treatment options for weight management include dietary intervention, physical activity, behavior modification, pharmacotherapy and surgery. However, the complexity of this chronic condition necessitates a coordinated multidisciplinary team-approach to the care of obese patients who fail weight control. The long-term duration of the treatment and the necessity of monitoring compliance and effectiveness should be considered. The objective of this article was to review the major controlled randomized clinical trials dealing with the different medical strategies for weight loss and its maintenance in overweight and obese patients.
[Epikeratophakia]. (1990)

Since its introduction by Kaufman in 1979, epikeratophakia has been used successfully in several thousands of patients for the correction of refractive errors. With this technique the original curvature of the cornea is changed by suturing onto it a preshaped lenticule. Depending on the different types of refractive errors to be corrected, the tissue lens is a plus lens (aphakia, hyperopia), a minus lens (myopia), or a plano lens (keratoconus). Both prelated, lyophilized tissue lenses and freshly cut lenticules have been employed with good results. However, the simplicity of the surgical technique, as well as the possibility of rejection of fresh corneal tissue, has made use of the former type of epikeratophakia lenses much more common. The basic indication for epikeratophakia is the incapability of correcting refracting errors with conservative methods, such as glasses, contact lenses or, in cases of aphakia, intraocular lenses. The results obtained in a series of 71 patients who underwent epikeratophakia at our Institute compare favorably to those reported in the literature. Following are some of the factors we identified as being responsible for our improved results: (1) the performance of all surgical procedures by the same corneal surgeon; (2) a longer hospitalization period and thereby closer observation of all patients and possible detection of early complications; (3) long-term postoperative follow-up examinations of all patients by the operating surgeon. In summary, epikeratophakia has been shown to be a safe, effective and potentially reversible procedure for the correction of refractive errors.
<title>Cylindrical multilayer optical waveguides: applications</title> (1996)

We have worked out the guided mode spectrum of several cylindrical multilayer structures as dielectric/metal/dielectric, dielectric/dielectric and dielectric/dielectric/metal/dielectric. The third structure can be regarded as the combination of the first and second, and its mode spectrum as the coupling between the modes of the other two. The properties of the mode spectrum of the final structure can be used to design wavelength filters and sensor applications.
ChemInform Abstract: A General Method for the Preparation of 2‐Substituted‐4‐oxo‐3‐quinolinecarboxylic Acids. (1990)

Abstract A general method for preparing title compounds such as the corresponding acids from the esters (V) as well as the piperazinyl derivatives (VII) as new analogues in the quinolone class of antiinfectives is developed.
Evaluation of Graduate Student Using an ANP Process (1999)

More than three hundred graduated students are studying finance and economics course there at present in Tianjin University of Finance and Economics. Each of them studies a different course according to their private ability and level. How to rank their behavior and achievement becomes an urgent affair in graduate school. AHP Hierarchical Analysis may be the best solution to evaluate the graduate students' performance because it was a very useful implement before because we had used it to evaluate the graduate students' performance before. Now some graduate student points out that it is partial because some graduate students were part-time students, and some of them were doing more research than the others. And some others assist the professor do
&Uuml;ber den Einfluss verschiedener Pharmaka auf die Blutungszeit und Blutungsmenge (1941)

Nach Aoyamascher Methode, bei Welcher sich die Blutungszeit und Blutungsmenge an Kaninchenohrmuschelvenen messen lässt, wurde in der ersten Mitteilung über die Wirkung einiger Vegetativennervengifte berichtet. In dieser Mitteilung, wurde die Einwirkung einiger Cardiotonica auf jene untersucht. Die Ergebnisse lassen sich, wie folgt, zusammenfassen:1. Digitaliskörper, wie Digifolin, Digitamin, Strophanthin und Rodealin sowie Baryumsalz, das ahnlich wie, diese wirkt, verkürzen von kleinen bis grossen Dosen die Blutungszeit und verringern auch die Blutungsmenge. Nach ihrer diesbezüglichen Wirkungsintensität ordnen sie sich in folgender Reihe: Strophanthin>Baryumsalz>Rodealin>Digifolin>Digitamin. Die Wirkungsgrade dieser Pharmaka sind wesentlich gleichlaufend mit der Injektionsmenge.2. Vitacampher, Coramin und Vitacardin verzögern in allen Dosen die Blutungszeit, wobei die Blutungsmenge dementsprechend zunimmt. Vitacampher ist am kraftigsten und die 2 ubrigbleibenden Mittel sind ungefahr fast gleich in der Wirkungsstärke.3. Purinderivate, Coffein und Coffeino-Natrium benzoicum verkürzen in allen Dosen die Blutungszeit und verringern auch die Blutungsmenge dementsprechen. Ersteres ist aber ungefahr doppelt so stark als letzteres in der Wirkung und-erreicht in mittleren Dosen (Coffein ca. 20mg/kg, Coffeino-Natrium benzoicum ca. 40mg/kg) an Wirkungskraft das Maximum.Es wurde also gefunden, dass die Wirkung auf die Blutungsdauer und die Blutungsmenge mit derjenigen auf die Gerinnbarkeit des Blutes nicht immer übereinstimmt; die beiden Wirkungen sind der Digitaliskörper und dem Coffein im allgemeinen qualitativ ubereinetimmend, wahrend die sich beim Campfer dagegen umgekehrt verhalten. Es ist auch, naheliegend, dass vom Gesichtspunkt der Blutstillung der Digitaliskorper besser ist als Purinderivate, wahrend die Campfergruppe sich dafur nieht zu eignen scheint.
[Cloning and sequence analysis of a novel stage-specific cDNA from adult Trichinella spiralis]. (2003)

A novel AD5 stage-specific cDNA encoding a full length ORF was cloned and sequence analysis showed this gene encoded cuticle collagen of Trichinella spiralis.
Rubber–silica nanocomposites obtained by in situ sol–gel method: particle shape influence on the filler–filler and filler–rubber interactions (2012)

Silica–natural rubber composites were prepared by in situ sol–gel synthesis of silica nanoparticles functionalized with alkylthiol or alkylpolysulfide. The functionalizing groups were linked to silica particles by hydrolysis and polycondensation of a mixture of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) with a suitable amount of (3-mercaptopropyl) trimethoxysilane (TMSPM), bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) disulfide (TESPD) or bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide (TESPT). Particles from TEOS are spherical, instead those from TESPD, TESPT and TMSPM have irregular anisotropic shapes. This is due to the presence of isotropic or anisotropic interactions among the particle base units. Silica particles synthesized in the presence of TMSPM can also undergo condensation of the alkylthiol chains with the silanol groups, thus giving rise to a strong preferential direction for the anisotropic shape. Predominant filler–filler interactions and easy self-assembly were detected in particles from TEOS while those from TESPD and TESPT showed high filler–rubber interactions. Both filler–rubber and strong filler–filler interactions are present in silica particles synthesized by TMSPM. The dynamic mechanical properties of the composites, tested with stress-strain measurements, show that the storage modulus increases by increasing the filler–filler interaction, and it is maximum when also the filler–rubber interaction occurs. Strong silica–rubber interaction favors the silica dispersion in rubber, while it makes the filler network less compact and lowers the storage modulus.
ChemInform Abstract: KINETIC AND MECHANISTIC STUDIES ON THE RUTHENIUM INDUCED ACTIVATION OF METHYLAMINE TO OXIDATION (1975)

Abstract Der Komplex (I) geht in wäßriger Lösung unter dem Einfluß von Sauerstoff über das (wahrscheinlich durch Oxidation eines primär entstehenden Aquo‐Komplexes gebildete) Zwischenprodukt (II) (das sich nachweisen läßt) in den Cyanidkomplex (III) über.
A Rapid, Low‐Cost Method for Determination of Soil Bulk Density (1984)

Abstract Proper characterization of soil bulk density is essential for an accurate interpretation of chemical and microbiological parameters in the field. Reluctance to report soil analyses on a volumetric basis is usually related to requirements of additional time and specialized equipment for determination of soil bulk density. We developed a rapid method utilizing a low‐cost hand sampler (< $125) for determination of soil bulk density over several intervals to a depth of 300 mm. The method appears accurate, using five cores per experimental unit, and enables collection of up to ten profiles in the same time required for taking one profile by the Uhland sampling techniques. The method is very precise and coefficients of variation over a range of tillage‐management practices, which include inherent soil variability, averaged below 5%. Soil samples collected with this method can also be used for other chemical and microbiological analyses.
Synthesis, Structure and Solid State Properties of Cyclohexanemethylamine Substituted Phenalenyl Based Molecular Conductor (2012)

We report the preparation, crystallization and solid state characterization of a cyclohexanemethylamine substituted spirobiphenalenyl radical; in the solid state the compound is iso-structural with its dehydro-analog (benzylamine-substitued compound), and the molecules packed in a one-dimensional fashion that we refer to as a π-step stack. Neighboring molecules in the stack interact via the overlap of one pair of active (spin bearing) carbon atoms per phenalenyl unit. The magnetic susceptibility measurement indicates that in the solid state the radical remains paramagnetic and the fraction of Curie spins is 0.75 per molecule. We use the analytical form of the Bonner-Fisher model for the S = 1/2 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chain of isotropically interacting spins with intrachain spin coupling constant J = 6.3 cm−1, to fit the experimentally observed paramagnetism [χp (T)] in the temperature range 4–330 K. The measured room temperature conductivity (σRT = 2.4 × 10–3 S/cm) is comparable with that of the iso-structural benzyl radical, even though the calculated band dispersions are smaller than that of the unsaturated analog.
Donor-substituted cyanoethynylethenes: powerful chromophores for opto-electronic applicationsElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available: Crystal packing of 5, UV/Vis spectra of donor-acceptor-substituted TEEs in comparison to those of CEEs, full electrochemical data for the donor-substituted CEEs and structure of the AF-50 standard for two-photon absorption. See http://www.rsc.org/suppdata/ob/b3/b303879c/ (2003)

Donor-substituted cyanoethynylethenes (CEEs) were synthesised, structurally characterised and investigated for their electronic and two-photon absorption properties, revealing exceptionally strong intramolecular charge-transfer interactions.
GRASP: Glaciogenic Reservoir Analogue Study Projects (2009)

The glaciogenic reservoir analogue studies project (GRASP) is a collaborative joint industry project focusing on the record of Pleistocene glaciations in NW Europe and principally in the North Sea and the surrounding onshore areas.
Report on Fruit Acids (1934)

Journal Article Report on Fruit Acids Get access B G Hartmann B G Hartmann Associate Referee U. S. Food and Drug Administration, Washington, D. C Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Association of Official Agricultural Chemists, Volume 17, Issue 2, 15 May 1934, Pages 214–215, https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/17.2.214 Published: 21 February 2020
Identification of the Asparagine Synthase Responsible for <scp>d</scp> -Asp Amidation in the <i>Lactococcus lactis</i> Peptidoglycan Interpeptide Crossbridge (2009)

ABSTRACT We show that in Lactococcus lactis , the gene asnH encodes the asparagine synthase involved in amidation of d -Asp present in peptidoglycan side chains and crossbridges. The level of d -Asp amidation in peptidoglycan has a strong effect on the sensitivity of bacteria to endogenous autolysins and to the cationic antimicrobials nisin and lysozyme.
A Rectifier-less Energy Harvesting Interface Circuit for Low-Voltage Piezoelectric Transducers (2018)

This paper proposes a rectifier-less, topology for harvesting energy from low-voltage piezoelectric transducers. The proposed system is based on Synchronous Electric Charge Extraction and utilizes a bi-directional switching converter which inherently produces both positive and negative voltages that enables rectifier-free operation. A PCB prototype implemented using discrete components is tested with a commercially available transducer. The measurement results confirm the effectiveness of the topology in harvesting energy from low voltages. The bi-directional converter achieves a peak power conversion efficiency of 73 % while the control circuits consume only 7.5 μW at 3 V.
Comparing the efficiency of IP and ATM telephony (2003)

Circuit switching, suited to providing real-time services due to the low and fixed switching delay, is not cost effective for building integrated services networks bursty data traffic because it is based on static allocation of resources which is not efficient with bursty data traffic. Moreover, since current circuit switching technologies handle flows at rates which are integer multiples of 64 kb/s, low bit rate voice encoding cannot be taken advantage of without aggregating multiple phone calls on a single channel. This work explores the real-time efficiency of IP telephony, i.e. the volume of voice traffic with deterministically guaranteed quality related to the amount of network resources used. IP and ATM are taken into consideration as packet switching technology for carrying compressed voice and it is compared to circuit switching carrying PCM (64 Kb/s) encoded voice. ADPCM32 is the voice encoding scheme used throughout most of the paper. The impact of several network parameters, among which the number of hops traversed by a call, on the real-time efficiency is studied.
Total synthesis of an enzyme. I. Objective and strategy (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal synthesis of an enzyme. I. Objective and strategyRobert G. Denkewalter, Daniel F. Veber, Frederick W. Holly, and Ralph HirschmannCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1969, 91, 2, 502–503Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01030a051https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01030a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views351Altmetric-Citations70LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Enantioselective Conjugate Addition of Diethylzinc Using Ni( II)‐DAIB Complexes. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Cytotoxic Xanthone Constituents of the Stem Bark of <i>Garcinia mangostana</i> (Mangosteen) (2009)

Bioassay-guided fractionation of a chloroform-soluble extract of Garcinia mangostana stem bark, using the HT-29 human colon cancer cell line and an enzyme-based ELISA NF-kappaB assay, led to the isolation of a new xanthone, 11-hydroxy-3-O-methyl-1-isomangostin (1). The structure of 1 was elucidated by spectroscopic data analysis. In addition, 10 other known compounds, 11-hydroxy-1-isomangostin (2), 11alpha-mangostanin (3), 3-isomangostin (4), alpha-mangostin (5), beta-mangostin (6), garcinone D (7), 9-hydroxycalabaxanthone (8), 8-deoxygartanin (9), gartanin (10), and cratoxyxanthone (11), were isolated. Compounds 4-8 exhibited cytotoxicity against the HT-29 cell line with ED50 values of 4.9, 1.7, 1.7, 2.3, and 9.1 microM, respectively. In an ELISA NF-kappaB assay, compounds 5-7, 9, and 10 inhibited p65 activation with IC50 values of 15.9, 12.1, 3.2, 11.3, and 19.0 microM, respectively, and 6 showed p50 inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 7.5 microM. Alpha-mangostin (5) was further tested in an in vivo hollow fiber assay, using HT-29, LNCaP, and MCF-7 cells, but it was found to be inactive at the highest dose tested (20 mg/kg).
A Host YB-1 Ribonucleoprotein Complex Is Hijacked by Hepatitis C Virus for the Control of NS3-Dependent Particle Production (2013)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) orchestrates the different stages of its life cycle in time and space through the sequential participation of HCV proteins and cellular machineries; hence, these represent tractable molecular host targets for HCV elimination by combination therapies. We recently identified multifunctional Y-box-binding protein 1 (YB-1 or YBX1) as an interacting partner of NS3/4A protein and HCV genomic RNA that negatively regulates the equilibrium between viral translation/replication and particle production. To identify novel host factors that regulate the production of infectious particles, we elucidated the YB-1 interactome in human hepatoma cells by a quantitative mass spectrometry approach. We identified 71 YB-1-associated proteins that included previously reported HCV regulators DDX3, heterogeneous nuclear RNP A1, and ILF2. Of the potential YB-1 interactors, 26 proteins significantly modulated HCV replication in a gene-silencing screening. Following extensive interaction and functional validation, we identified three YB-1 partners, C1QBP, LARP-1, and IGF2BP2, that redistribute to the surface of core-containing lipid droplets in HCV JFH-1-expressing cells, similarly to YB-1 and DDX6. Importantly, knockdown of these proteins stimulated the release and/or egress of HCV particles without affecting virus assembly, suggesting a functional YB-1 protein complex that negatively regulates virus production. Furthermore, a JFH-1 strain with the NS3 Q221L mutation, which promotes virus production, was less sensitive to this negative regulation, suggesting that this HCV-specific YB-1 protein complex modulates an NS3-dependent step in virus production. Overall, our data support a model in which HCV hijacks host cell machinery containing numerous RNA-binding proteins to control the equilibrium between viral RNA replication and NS3-dependent late steps in particle production.