gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Atomic and Molecular Clusters (2003)

1. Supersonic Carbon Cluster Beams. Laser vaporization cluster beams and abundance distributions. Reactivity studies. Photophysics of the positive cluster ions. FT-ICR experiments. UPS of carbon clusters. Optical spectroscopy of C 60 . One parting question. 2. Main Group Clusters: A Review. Cluster sources and detection. Cluster distributions. Ionization, fragmentation, and thermodynamics. Chemistry. Theoretical calculations of cluster structures and energies. Structure and spectroscopy of cluster species. Concluding remarks. 3. The Structures of Weakly Bound Complexes as Elucidated by Microwave and Infrared Spectroscopy. 4. Infrared Predissociation Spectroscopy of van der Waals Clusters. Experimental techniques. High resolution spectroscopy. Theory of vibrations in small clusters. Ab-initio calculations and normal modes. Frozen field local mode methods. Quantum simulation of the clusters. Theory of water clusters. Vibrational relaxation and predissociation. Theory of vibrational predissociation. Infrared spectroscopy of large clusters. Simulation of large clusters. Conclusions. 5. Rotational Rainbows, Quantum Interference, Intramolecular Vibrational Relaxation and Chemical Reactions: All in Rare Gas-Halogen Molecules. Brief overview of halogen spectroscopy. Brief review of experimental methods. Structures and bond energies. Vibrational predissociation dynamics: experimental results. Quantum mechanical calculations of vibrational dynamics. Classical and semiclassical models for vibrational predissociation. Reactive half-collisions. Larger clusters. Condensed phases. Epilog. 6. Photoabsorption and Photoionization of Clusters. Experimental methods. Spectroscopy. Photoionization. 7. Organic Solute/Solvent Clusters and Solute Dimers. Experimental methods. Computer simulation, modeling and calculations. Static properties of solute solvent clusters. Spectroscopy and calculations. Solute dimers. Dynamical properties of solute/solvent clusters and dimers - intramolecular vibrational redistribution (IVR) and vibrational predissociation (VP). Chemical reactions in van der Waals clusters. Nucleation and growth of clusters. Conclusions and perspectives. 8. Spectroscopy and Excitation Dynamics of Large Molecular Clusters. Theoretical perspectives on neat molecular clusters. Experimental methodology. Neat molecular clusters. Doped molecular clusters. Spectroscopy of cluster ions. Outlook for advances in molecular cluster spectroscopy. (Chapters also include an introduction and references). Index.
Temporal and Amplitude Generalization in Motor Learning (1998)

A fundamental feature of human motor control is the ability to vary effortlessly over a substantial range, both the duration and amplitude of our movements. We used a three-dimensional robotic interface, which generated novel velocity dependent forces on the hand, to investigate how adaptation to these altered dynamics experienced only for movements at one temporal rate and amplitude generalizes to movements made at a different rate or amplitude. After subjects had learned to make a single point-to-point movement in a novel velocity-dependent force field, we examined the generalization of this learning to movements of both half the duration or twice the amplitude. Such movements explore a state-space not experienced during learning-any changes in behavior are due to generalization of the learning, the form of which was used to probe the intrinsic constraints on the motor control process. The generalization was assessed by determining the force field in which subjects produced kinematically normal movements. We found substantial generalization of the motor learning to the new movements supporting a nonlocal representation of the control process. Of the fields tested, the form of the generalization was best characterized by linear extrapolation in a state-space representation of the controller. Such an intrinsic constraint on the motor control process can facilitate the scaling of natural movements.
Cytogenetics as an adjunct in establishing a definitive diagnosis of synovial sarcoma by fine-needle aspiration (1997)

FNA can be used effectively to obtain karyotypes of sarcomas. The specific cytogenetic abnormality associated with synovial sarcoma provides an opportunity to make definitive diagnoses using a combination of FNA and cytogenetics, obviating open surgical biopsy preceding therapy.
Microfluidic structures for flow cytometric analysis of hydrodynamically focussed blood cells fabricated by ultraprecision micromachining (2009)

We present three-dimensional microfluidic structures with integrated optical fibers, mirrors and electrodes for flow cytometric analysis of blood cells. Ultraprecision milling technique was used to fabricate different flow cells featuring single-stage and two-stage cascaded hydrodynamic focusing of particles by a sheath flow. Two dimensional focussing of the sample fluid was proven by fluorescence imaging in horizontal and vertical directions and found to agree satisfactorily with finite element calculations. Focussing of the sample stream down to 5 microm at a particle velocity of 3 m s(-1) is accessible while maintaining stable operation for sample flow rates of up to 20 microL min(-1). In addition to fluorescence imaging, the micro-flow cells were characterised by measurements of pulse shapes and pulse height distributions of monodisperse microspheres. We demonstrated practical use of the microstructures for cell differentiation employing light scatter to distinguish platelets and red blood cells. Furthermore, T-helper lymphocytes labelled by monoclonal antibodies were identified by measuring side scatter and fluorescence.
Prospects in Education of Rehabilitation Medicine in the U. S. A. (1992)

The American Board of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PM & R) was established in 1947 with 91 certificants. By 1990, 3454 candidates had been certified at a rate of approximately 200per year. PM & R
Novel and Efficient Palladium Complexes with β-Ketoiminate Ligands for the Polymerization of Norbornene (2009)

A series of the noble palladium complexes containing <TEX>$\beta$</TEX>-ketoiminate ligands with internal bases, [Pd(<TEX>${\eta}^3$</TEX>-allyl)(<TEX>$\beta$</TEX>- ketoiminate)], [Pd(Me)(<TEX>$PPh_3$</TEX>)(<TEX>$\beta$</TEX>-ketoiminate)] and [Pd(Me)(<TEX>$\beta$</TEX>-ketoiminate)], have been successfully prepared. Crystallographically determined structures showed that these complexes are distorted square planar and pendant bases of the <TEX>$\beta$</TEX>-ketoiminate ligands fail to coordinate to the metal in the first two classes of complexes while bases do coordinate in the 3rd class complexes. These complexes are active towards norbornene polymerization on activation with <TEX>$H(OEt_2)_2BAr^'_4$</TEX> (Ar' = 3,5-bistrifluoromethylphenyl) and modified methylalumioxane (MMAO). MMAO is more efficient for the activation for polymerization. Generally, the polymerization activity increases with the following order; [Pd(allyl)(<TEX>$\beta$</TEX>-ketoiminate)] < [Pd(Me)(<TEX>$PPh_3$</TEX>)(<TEX>$\beta$</TEX>-ketoiminate)] < [Pd(Me)(<TEX>$\beta$</TEX>-ketoiminate)].
Control Charts for the Detection of a Periodic Component (1996)

Control charts are widely used in manufacturing to distinguish between variation that is inherent to the process and variation that signals a special event or problem. Several control charts have recently been proposed for the detection of a periodic component, but their analysis is limited to a moving span of recent observations. This article develops tests for periodicity that make use of independent information about the variability of the time series. These tests are then used to construct control charts that search for periodicity in a span of recent observations but estimate the variability of the process from a longer span of earlier observations. By employing more of the available information, the new charts are able to detect cyclic disturbances more quickly than the existing charts.
Studies on Bacterium tularense antigens. I. The isolation, purification, and biologic activity of antigen preparations from Bacterium tularense. (1955)

Summary Methods for the isolation and purification of B. tularense antigens which involve ether treatment, salt and alcohol precipitation, differential centrifugation, and dialysis have been presented. Immunogenic activity was tested in mice, and it was found that the degree of protection was proportional to the precipitation titer of the antigen, within certain limits, and was not affected by the amount of non-antigenic material present in the various preparations tested. The antigenic material released by either treatment has been characterized by differential centrifugation as a polydisperse system of particles.
A Scalable Cluster-based Web Server with Cooperative Caching Support (2001)

Clustering provides a viable approach to building scalable Web systems with increased computing power and abundant storage space for data and contents. We present a pure-Java-based parallel Web server with load balancing features for a heterogeneous cluster environment. Our design introduces a special in-memory cache layer, called the global object space (GOS), which is an integration of specially set-aside physical memory of individual participating cluster nodes. The GOS provides a unified view of cluster-wide memory resources and allows transparent accesses to cached objects independent of where they are located physically. The core of the GOS is a mechanism that performs dynamic in-memory caching of frequently requested Web objects. Using a technique known as cooperative caching, a requested Web object can be fetched from a node’s local cache or a peer server’s local cache, with the disk serving only as the last resort. A prototype system based on the W3C’s Jigsaw server has been implemented on a 16-node PC cluster. Three cluster-aware cache replacement algorithms were tested and evaluated. The benchmark results show good speedups with a real-life access log, proving that cooperative caching can have significant positive impacts on the performance of cluster-based parallel Web servers.
Theoretical study of the relative stability of wurtzite and rocksalt phases in MgO and GaN (2001)

We report local density functional calculations using the full-potential linearized muffin-tin orbital method for MgO and GaN in the wurtzite and rocksalt structures and for orthorhombic structures along a homogeneous strain transition path linking wurtzite to rocksalt. MgO is found to be unstable in the wurtzite and marginally metastable in a layered hexagonal phase, labeled h-MgO, in which Mg is approximately fivefold coordinated, the stable phase being rocksalt. GaN is stable in the wurtzite at ambient pressures but exhibits a phase transition to the rocksalt. Band structures and charge densities exhibiting the bond formation as one goes from one structure to the other are presented.
Transcriptional Analysis of T Cells Resident in Human Skin (2016)

Human skin contains various populations of memory T cells in permanent residence and in transit. Arguably, the best characterized of the skin subsets are the CD8(+) permanently resident memory T cells (TRM) expressing the integrin subunit, CD103. In order to investigate the remaining skin T cells, we isolated skin-tropic (CLA(+)) helper T cells, regulatory T cells, and CD8(+) CD103(-) T cells from skin and blood for RNA microarray analysis to compare the transcriptional profiles of these groups. We found that despite their common tropism, the T cells isolated from skin were transcriptionally distinct from blood-derived CLA(+) T cells. A shared pool of genes contributed to the skin/blood discrepancy, with substantial overlap in differentially expressed genes between each T cell subset. Gene set enrichment analysis further showed that the differential gene profiles of each human skin T cell subset were significantly enriched for previously identified TRM core signature genes. Our results support the hypothesis that human skin may contain additional TRM or TRM-like populations.
Quiet short-haul research aircraft familiarization document (1979)

The design features and general characteristics of the NASA Quiet Short-Haul Research Aircraft are described. Aerodynamic characteristics and performance are discussed based on predictions and early flight-test data. Principle airplane systems, including the airborne data-acquisition system, are also described. The aircraft was designed and built to fulfill the need for a national research facility to explore the use of upper surface-blowing propulsive-lift technology in providing short takeoff and landing capability, and perform advanced experiments in various technical disciplines such as aerodynamics, propulsion, stability and control, handling qualities, avionics and flight-control systems, trailing-vortex phenomena, acoustics, structure and loads, operating systems, human factors, and airworthiness/certification criteria. An unusually austere approach using experimental shop practices resulted in a low cost and high research capability.
Inhibitors of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 for the treatment of metabolic syndrome. (2006)

Metabolic syndrome is a group of metabolic abnormalities associated with increased cardiovascular and mortality risks. Glucocorticoid excess has been linked to the development of metabolic syndrome. Intracellular glucocorticoid levels are regulated by 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11beta-HSD-1), a key enzyme that converts inert cortisone to active cortisol. To counter the unfavorable metabolic effects of glucocorticoids in certain tissues, 11beta-HSD-1 inhibitors are being investigated for their potential in the treatment of insulin resistance and other aspects of metabolic syndrome. Several different classes of 11beta-HSD-1 inhibitors are currently under investigation by multiple pharmaceutical companies, highlighting the encouraging progress made in this field.
High intensity negative proton beams from a SNICS ion source (1991)

For the past year we have been involved in a project to develop an intense (> 100{mu}A) negative proton beam from a SNICS (Source of Negative Ions by Cesium Sputtering) ion source. This report will cover how we accomplished and exceeded this goal by more than 40%. Included in these observations will be the following: A description of an effective method for making titanium hydride cathodes. How to overcome the limitations of the titanium hydride cathode. The modification of the SNICS source to improve output; including the installation of the conical ionizer and the gas cathode. A discussion of problems including: poisoning the proton beam with oxygen, alternative gas cathode materials, the clogging of the gas inlet, long burn-in times, and limited cathode life times. Finally, how to optimize source performance when using a gas cathode, and what is the mechanism by which a gas cathode operates; facts, fantasies, or myth.
‘현지’(玄知), 사랑 그리고 생태의식 : D. H. 로렌스의 사랑하는 여인들 (2005)

In a word, the lack of what Birkin calls ‘dark knowledge’ causes Gerald’s distorted personality and his tragedy. ‘Dark Knowledge’ is something primitive, sensual, or spontaneous that should complement the metaphysics of the West. Without a sense of guilt, Gerald is driven to exploit nature as in the episode of a mare or a rabbit and oppress Gudrun as well, due to his mechanistic mindset lacking ‘dark knowledge.’ Also, he is an industrial magnate who brings enormous prosperity to his coal-mining business. His mechanistic will invites a sense of nothingness when frustrated, however, although it renders him successful in the field of his industry. Thus, it is ironical that Gerald representing an anthropocentric will or the Western culture itself is defeated by Gudrun, a seemingly feeble woman of spontaneity and freedom who represents nature. The love affair of Birkin and Ursular which is supposedly articulated with ‘dark knowledge’ seems to go toward a holistic vision whereas Gerald’s relationship with Gudrun is distorted by his patriarchical attitude. Because Lawrence attributes ‘star-equilibrium’ to the couple of Birkin and Ursular, their supposedly selfless relationship might imply a sort of non-dualistic fusion between man and woman, culture and nature, and industrialism and primitivism. The problem is that there is also unnameable estrangement detected from their relationship, which could come from the essential impossibility of overcoming dualism, rather than from Birkin’s homo-erotism with Gerald. That it is almost impossible to reach a holistic vision between man and woman, industrialism and primitivism necessitates never-ending dialogues between man and woman, between conservationist and preservationist. And that is an ecocritical implication charged in WL.
Thermodynamic processes, time scales, and entropy production (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermodynamic processes, time scales, and entropy productionVictor Fairen, Michael Hatlee, and John RossCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1982, 86, 1, 70–73Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100390a014https://doi.org/10.1021/j100390a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views92Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF AZATHIOPRINE TREATMENT IN SEVERE RHEUMATIC DISEASE (1969)

PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF AZATHIOPRINE TREATMENT IN SEVERE RHEUMATIC DISEASE Get access A. J. SWANNELL, A. J. SWANNELL St. Stephen's Hospital, ChelseaLondon, S.W.10 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar E. N. COOMES E. N. COOMES St. Stephen's Hospital, ChelseaLondon, S.W.10 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Rheumatology, Volume 10, Issue 3, August 1969, Pages 112–120, https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/10.3.112 Published: 01 August 1969
Comparison of germline mosaics of genes in the Polycomb group of Drosophila melanogaster. (1995)

The genes of the Polycomb group (PcG) repress the genes of the bithorax and Antennapedia complexes, among others. To observe a null phenotype for a PcG gene, one must remove its maternal as well as zygotic contribution to the embryo. Five members of the PcG group are compared here: Enhancer of Polycomb [E(Pc)], Additional sex combs (Asx), Posterior sex combs (Psc), Suppressor of zeste 2 [Su (z) 2] and Polycomblike (Pcl). The yeast recombinase (FLP) system was used to induce mitotic recombination in the maternal germline. Mutant embryos were analyzed by staining with antibodies against six target genes of the PcG. The loss of the maternal component leads to enhanced homeotic phenotypes and to unique patterns of misexpression. E(Pc) and Su(z) 2 mutations had only subtle effects on the target genes, even when the maternal contributions were removed. Asx and Pcl mutants show derepression of the targets only in specific cell types. Psc shows unusual effects on two of the targets, Ultrabithorax and abdominal-A. These results show that the PcG genes do not act only in a common complex or pathway; they must have some independent functions.
Advanced aircraft performance modeling for ATM: Analysis of BADA model capabilities (2010)

This paper provides an analysis of the BADA aircraft performance model capabilities and addresses the BADA model ability to provide accurate modeling of aircraft performances over the complete flight envelope for a number of aircraft types and different ways in which an aircraft can be operated during the flight. The focus of the paper is the support of complex aircraft operations by BADA. A short description of the two existing BADA families and their main characteristics is given. The complex flight instructions and operating regimes - economy climb, cruise and descent based on cost index, maximum range cruise, long range cruise, optimum altitude and maximum endurance cruise - identified as key features in support to optimized flight execution are discussed. The optimization procedures and equations in which they derive are presented and the ability of the BADA model to support these flight operations is demonstrated. It is shown that BADA 4 can be successfully used with complex instructions and operating regimes, whereas the use of BADA 3 is limited. Finally, the results of a validation experiment dedicated to BADA thrust models are presented.
Redesigning and Incorporating the EpiPen into a Smartphone Case. (2013)

In the event of anaphylaxis, people need an immediate injection of epinephrine.The EpiPen has provided such injections, but its size can make it somewhat unwieldy for people to carry around.This leads to many people simply not having it with them.The aim of this project is to design an epinephrine auto-injector that is more portable by integrating it into a smartphone case.While the EpiPen uses a spring mechanism, other options such as gas were explored.After testing, it was clear that a gas cartridge could supply sufficient power for injection.In the proposed design, using a gas cartridge helped minimize the size of the device and enabled the needle to be retracted after injection.The design is not only smaller than the current EpiPen, but is also able to be carried with an iPhone case.
Total recall [life recording software (2005)

This paper describes a Microsoft research initiative that focuses on memory augmentation. The research is primarily based on the MyLifeBits Project of Microsoft researcher, Gordon Bell, who, for two years, collected real life data using sensors and a still camera, called SenseCam, with the aim of developing a improved means of information retrieval. With the MyLifeBits software, the SenseCam, and the low cost of memory of all kinds, the rebirth of the PC into a personal mainframe can be realized.
Synthesis of Biolubricant Trimethylolpropane Trioleate and Its Lubricant Base Oil Properties (2017)

Trimethylolpropane trioleate (TMPTO) could significantly reduce environmental pollution compared to mineral oils. In this study, oleic acid (OA) and trimethylolpropane (TMP) were used to synthesize TMPTO, and the synthesis process was optimized by single-factor experiments to obtain the highest yield. First, two kinds of operating conditions (vacuum distillation and atmospheric reflux) were compared, and then four kinds of catalysts were investigated to select the most efficient catalyst in esterification. Afterward, five reaction parameters were investigated, and the optimal conditions obtained were as follows: catalyst/TMP, 3.2:1 (molar ratio) 2% (w/w) OA/TMP; temperature, 180 °C; reaction time, 3 h; and vacuum degree, 0.095 MPa. Under the optimized conditions, the TMP conversion rate reached up to 92.8%. Furthermore, TMPTO was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Finally, the typical properties of the product were evaluated, including the kinematic viscosity at 40 and 100 °C, viscosity index, solidifying point, and thermal oxidation stability of TMPTO.
Please Pass the Popcorn (1958)

A bowl of popcorn and a crisp apple has become as popular a combination as pork and beans; but here are some ideas to change that food cliche into a unique entertaining treat.