gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Maximum-Likelihood-Constrained Deconvolution of Two-Dimensional NMR Spectra. Accuracy of Spectral Quantification (1993)

The maximum-likelihood method (MLM) and a related processing protocol involving diagonally symmetrized data, symmetrized maximum-likelihood (SML) spectral deconvolution, yield contrast-enhanced 2D NMR spectra with simultaneous noise suppression and marked resolution enhancement, relative to spectra processed with conventional apodization and FFT. In this paper the MLM deconvolution technique and SML protocol were applied to synthetic and real 2D NOE spectra to evaluate the accuracy of peak-volume quantification under various conditions. It is concluded that use of MLM and SML is remarkably robust for peak discrimination and volume calculations in 2D NMR studies, despite the inherent nonlinear nature of MLM. These protocols clearly facilitate identification and quantification of heavily overlapped cross peaks. In this study, quantitative integration linearity was observed at peak dynamic ranges of up to 1000:1 for 2D spectral reconstructions.
Seismic facies classification and identification by competitive neural networks (2003)

Abstract We present an approach based on competitive neural networks for the classification and identification of reservoir facies from seismic data. This approach can be adapted to perform either classification of the seismic facies based entirely on the characteristics of the seismic response, without requiring the use of any well information, or automatic identification and labeling of the facies where well information is available. The former is of prime use for oil prospecting in new regions, where few or no wells have been drilled, whereas the latter is most useful in development fields, where the information gained at the wells can be conveniently extended to the interwell regions. Cross-validation tests on synthetic and real seismic data demonstrated that the method can be an effective means of mapping the reservoir heterogeneity. For synthetic data, the output of the method showed considerable agreement with the actual geologic model used to generate the seismic data; for the real data application, the predicted facies accurately matched those observed at the wells. Moreover, the resulting map corroborates our existing understanding of the reservoir and shows substantial similarity to the low-frequency geologic model constructed by interpolating the well information, while adding significant detail and enhanced resolution to that model.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Indolinonic Aminoxyls (I) with Nitric Oxide. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
EFFECT OF BLOOD ON THE METABOLISM OF CORTISOL BY THE ADRENAL GLAND OF THE GOLDEN HAMSTER (1967)

When hamster adrenal tissue is incubated in Krebs—Ringer solution, cortisone is the major steroid product both from endogenous precursors and from added [4-14C]progesterone (Whitehouse, Vinson & Janssens, 1966, 1967); added radioactive cortisol is rapidly converted into cortisone by hamster adrenal tissue in vitro although cortisol appears to be the main hormonal steroid of the adrenal venous blood. Whole blood of the hamster shows some capacity to reduce cortisone to cortisol, but this seems insufficient to account for the relatively lower yields of cortisone obtained when adrenal tissue is incubated with [4-14C]progesterone in hamster whole blood. Consequently it may be assumed that the function of the adrenal enzymes is modified by factors in the blood. The metabolic pathway of progesterone involves the stages: progesterone → (intermediates) → cortisol → cortisone, and hence it is possible that the relative amounts of labelled cortisol and cortisone change throughout the
Water and electrolyte balance after ileoanal anastomosis (1991)

Water and electrolyte balance was studied in 30 patients with ileoanal anastomosis and J pouch, 10 patients with conventional ileostomy, and nine nonoperated patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis. Serum electrolyte concentrations, daily urinary volume, and daily losses of sodium, potassium, and chloride were measured in all patients. Daily fecal weight and daily losses of sodium and potassium were analyzed in patients with ileoanal anastomosis or conventional ileostomy. Serum chloride in patients with ileoanal anastomosis was significantly lower (P less than 0.05) than in those with conventional ileostomy or in nonoperated patients. Daily urinary loss of sodium in nonoperated patients was significantly higher than in patients with ileoanal anastomosis (P less than 0.01) or conventional ileostomy (P less than 0.05). Daily urinary loss of chloride in patients with ileoanal anastomosis was significantly lower (P less than 0.05) than in nonoperated patients. Daily fecal loss of potassium in patients with ileoanal anastomosis was significantly higher (P less than 0.05) than in those with conventional ileostomy. Daily urinary volume and fecal weight did not differ significantly in patients with ileoanal anastomosis or conventional ileostomy. The present study indicates that changes in water and sodium balance after ileoanal anastomosis are similar to those after conventional ileostomy but chloride balance is more altered after ileoanal anastomosis.
Performance Analysis of Time-of-Arrival Mobile Positioning in Wireless Cellular CDMA Networks (2010)

This study dealt with the performance analysis of time-of-arrival (TOA) techniques for mobile positioning in CDMA wireless cellular networks. Since several base stations are typically needed for mobile radiolocation, the problem of weak signal hearability at remote base stations is a major challenge, and a detailed analysis of this issue was presented by taking into account the near-far interference usually present in CDMA cellular networks. TOA-based positioning methods are well-suited for wide deployment of radiolocation services since the synchronization circuits that can extract timing information are readily available at the base stations receiving the mobile signal. For CDMA signals, the delaylocked loop (DLL) is commonly used as a TOA estimation device, and a detailed analysis of DLL-based TOA tracking was presented taking into account the cellular network layout, cell loading and other-user interference, as well as RF channel shadowing and pathloss that affect received signal strength at the different base stations. In particular, it was shown that the TOA tracking error statistics can vary considerably depending on the mobile link conditions with respect to the base stations involved in its positioning, and soft handoff (SHO) links with two or three base stations for mobiles close to border-cell regions were found to improve the precision of mobile TOA tracking. Using TOA information, a mobile radiolocation positioning algorithm based on a computationally-efficient, near-optimum approximate maximum likelihood (AML) processing was presented, and a generalization to the case of unequal timing error variances at the different base stations was also derived. Numerical results were presented to quantify
Operating radioactive liquid-fed ceramic melter system (1986)

Under sponsorship of the Department of Energy's Nuclear Waste Treatment Program (NWTP), a high-level radioactive waste vitrification system has been installed in the Radiochemical Engineering Facility at Hanford, Washington. The pilot-scale radioactive vitrification system consists of a melter, canister-handling turntable, glass-level detection system, and supporting waste preparation, off-gas treatment and condensate treatment systems. During the past year, radioactive shakedown testing of all the systems has occurred, preparing it for production-type operation campaigns in 1986. This paper discusses the results of the radioactive shakedown completed in 1985.
Braking Torque Measurement of Eddy Current Brake for Aircraft Using Composite Disc (2020)

The authors have been studying non-contact brakes using eddy current brake as the next generation for aircraft. This paper deals with three-phase alternating eddy current brakes using Cu composite discs. As a result, the braking torque using Cu composite discs is obtained 1.6 times compared to Cu disc. And then, it is found that there is a maximal braking torque by depending on material discs.
Dayside auroral emissions controlled by IMF: A survey for dayside auroral excitation at 557.7 and 630.0 nm in Ny‐Ålesund, Svalbard (2011)

A survey of dayside 557.7 and 630.0 nm auroral emission, acquired from the all‐sky imagers at the Yellow River Station in Ny‐Ålesund, Svalbard, shows that the dayside auroral oval could be divided into five auroral active regions: the dawnside (Da, 06:00–07:30 MLT) and duskside (Du, 15:30–17:00 MLT) green aurora sectors, the prenoon (W, 07:30–10:00 MLT) and postnoon (H, 13:00–15:30 MLT) peaks for 557.7 and 630.0 nm auroral emissions, and the midday gap (M, 10:00–13:00 MLT) for green aurora. The 630.0 nm intensities in W, M, and H nearly increase linearly with the Kan‐Lee electric field. The 630.0 nm auroral emissions in W and H show a double‐peak feature associated with the change of interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) clock angle: one peak at 90° and the other at 270°. The 630.0 nm emission in M, however, is dominantly excited during the clock angle of 90°–270°. It is considered that the 630.0 nm emissions in W/H and M are related to the prenoon/postnoon antiparallel reconnection at the high‐latitude magnetopause and the subsolar component reconnection, respectively. Moreover, the 630.0 nm intensity in the dayside oval shows the monotonic increase with the absolute value of the north‐south oriented electric field (Ez), but the increasing rate of the intensity in the postnoon (prenoon) oval is larger than that in the prenoon (postnoon) oval when IMF By is negative (positive). Only the 557.7 nm intensity in region M and H/Du increases gradually with the absolute value of negative Ez. These features should be associated with the change of interhemispheric currents produced by Ez.
Studies on Aspergilli (1949)

With the advancement of penicillin industry problems of mutation have been studied, and it was also found that ultraviolet ray is an efficient means of producing mutations. By irra-diation of ultraviolet ray 34 mutants of Asp. sojae SAKAGUCHI et YAMADA were obtained and a preliminary study of the effects of ultraviolet in mycological and physiological aspects was described. I classified these mutants into 10 types. Mutants in general differed from the normal in the rate of growth, colony form, spore formation, pigment production, power of enzyme activities and other characteristics.
New method for reshaping the cornea (1997)

The optical theory behind a new technique for reshaping the cornea to correct refractive errors of the eye is presented. This technique is capable of excising both positive and negative meniscus (lenticular)-shaped tissues of predetermined optical power from the anterior cornea. The optical lens bending theory routinely used by optical designers to reduce the amount of spherical and comatic aberrations in a lens system is employed in this technique. This technique uses a microkeratome to remove a planoconvex, or planoconcaveshaped tissue from the cornea while the eye is in a deformed state. When the eye returns to its natural, undeformed state, a lenticular tissue of predetermined optical power has been removed, correcting for myopic or hyperopic refractive errors, respectively. An elementary introduction to the current surgical techniques used for the correction of refractive errors is presented. Meniscus cross sections of the excised tissues are shown to demonstrate the optical theory discussed.
A review of antibiotic resistance patterns of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Europe (1991)

Streptococcus pneumoniae no longer has predictable antibiotic susceptibility. There are two areas of high prevalence of resistance (over 25%) to beta-lactam antibiotics in the South-West and North-East of Europe. In Spain, a close relationship has been found between the yearly rate of aminopenicillin consumption and penicillin resistance. High level resistance (MIC greater than or equal to 1 mg/L) has developed against a previous background of low level resistance. The serotypes involved in penicillin resistance in Spain are widespread in other countries. Macrolide resistance is high in France (over 15%) and is also increasing in other countries. All these resistant isolates remain susceptible to the most recent fluoroquinolones, such as temafloxacin. Prospective surveillance, more rational use of antibiotics and a diversification of antibiotic use in respiratory tract infections may serve to limit the threat of antibiotic resistance in S. pneumoniae.
Plant Innate Immunity Multicomponent Model (2015)

Our understanding of plant-pathogen interactions is making rapid advances in order to address issues of global importance such as improving agricultural productivity and sustainable food security. Innate immunity has evolved in plants, resulting in a wide diversity of defense mechanisms adapted to specific threats. The postulated PTI/ETI model describes two perception layers of plant innate immune system, which belong to a first immunity component of defense response activation. To better describe the sophisticated defense system of plants, we propose a new model of plant immunity. This model considers the plant's ability to distinguish the feeding behavior of their many foes, such as a second component that modulates innate immunity. This hypothesis provides a new viewpoint highlighting the relevance of hormone crosstalk and primary metabolism in regulating plant defense against the different behaviors of pathogens with the intention to stimulate further interest in this research area.
Soft Tissue Closure of Grafted Extraction Sockets in the Anterior Maxilla: A Modified Palatal Pedicle Connective Tissue Flap Technique (2016)

Localized ridge resorption, the consequence of socket collapse, following tooth extraction in the anterior maxilla can adversely affect esthetics, function, and future implant placement. Immediate grafting of extraction sockets may help preserve natural ridge contours, but a lack of available soft tissue can compromise the final esthetic outcome. The presented modified rotated palatal pedicle connective tissue flap is a useful technique for simultaneous soft tissue coverage and augmentation of grafted sockets to improve esthetic outcome. This article delineates its advantages through the presentation of a four-case series using this new technique.
Decreasing Numbers of Blood Cultures: Does it Matter? (2017)

Between Jan 2014 and Dec 2016, there was a 22.4% decline in the number of blood cultures (BC) s received in the UF Health Shands Hospital microbiology laboratory, and a 39.4% decrease from the Emergency Department (ED) over the same period. We studied 34,618 admissions from the ED between July 1, 2011 and December 31, 2016 who had a blood culture done within 48 hours of ED entry. Based on hospital discharge coding, 8,617 had sepsis present on admission (POA) and 26,001 were never septic. The time from ED admission to obtain a BC and the time to first intravenous (IV) antibiotic dose were analyzed by 6 or 12 h intervals up to 48 hours. Outcome measures were mean hospital and ICU length of stay days (HLOS) and ICU LOS respectively. For non-septic (but not for septic patients) both HLOS and ICULOS were strongly correlated with the time of BC draw. HLOS rose from 5.1d if the culture was obtained within 0–12 hours to 7.46 days if delayed to 36–48 hours (r = 0.982, P < 0.005) and ICU LOS rose from 0.67 days to 2.54 days over the same time (r = 0.987, P < 0.005). Since the time to antibiotics could explain this effect, we looked at 12 h intervals of antibiotic administration. For septic patients, the HLOS rose from 10.9d to18.6d (P < 0.001) and ICULOS rose from 3.5d to 9.5d if antibiotics were given at 0–12h vs. 36–48h, (P < 0.001). For non-septic patients, the HLOS rose from 6.0d to 9.7d (P < 0.001) and ICULOS rose from 0.94d to 3.3d, (P < 0.001). To assess the role of getting a BC, we studied the effect of getting a blood culture over 48h within each 12h interval of antibiotic administration. Obtaining a BC in the first 12h was significantly associated both shorter HLOS and ICULOS for non-septic patients, but not for septic patients. For antibiotics given in 0–12h, HLOS was 5.46 d vs. 6.77 if BC was done in 0 -12h vs. 36 – 48h, ICULOS was 0.68d vs. 1.44d for 0–12h and 36–48h respectively (t-test P < 0.001 for both) and in-hospital mortality was 1.99% if BC was obtained within 12h vs. 2.97% after that time, P = 0.0091. Delay in administration of IV antibiotics for ED admissions strongly increases HLOS and ICULOS for both septic and non-septic patients. Delay in drawing a BC has an independent effect for non-septic patients that correlated with longer HLOS, ICULOS and higher mortality. All authors: No reported disclosures.
Antioxidant modulation of cytokines and their biologic function in the aged. (1998)

The oxidant/antioxidant balance is an important determinant of immune cell function, including maintaining integrity and functionality of membrane lipids, cellular proteins, nucleic acids, and for control of signal transduction and gene expression in immune cells. Optimal levels of antioxidants are needed for maintenance of the immune response across all age groups. This need might be more critical, however, in the aged. Age-associated dysregulation of immune response, particularly of cytokine production and T-cell-mediated function, is well documented. The well-known age-related increase in free radical formation and lipid peroxidation contributes, at least in part, to this phenomenon. This review will summarize animal and human studies undertaken by the authors as well as those by other investigators on the effect of antioxidants, vitamin E, beta-carotene, and glutathione on cytokine production and T-cell-mediated function in the aged.
Human Activity Recognition Using Sequences of Postures (2005)

This paper presents a system, which is able to recognize 15 different continuous human activities in real-time using a single stationary camera as input. The system can recognize activities such as raising or waving hand(s), sitting down and bending down. The recognition is based on describing activities as a continuous sequence of discrete postures, which are derived from affine invariant descriptors. Using affine invariant descriptors makes our system robust against such differences in camera locations as distance from the object and change in viewing direction as these differences can be considered to have the affect of near affine transformations as human silhouettes are considered. 1
NONTARGET BIRD USE OF DRC-1339 BAIT SITES DURING OPERATIONAL BAITING PROGRAMS IN LOUISIANA AND TEXAS (2003)

Nontarget bird use of DRC-1339 bait sites was assessed during operational baiting programs from 2000-2002 in Louisiana and from 2001-2002 in Texas. DRC-1339 is an avicide registered with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to manage blackbirds causing damage to agriculture. It was used in Louisiana between 15 February to 15 March and in Texas from January though March to protect newly planted rice. In Louisiana, there were 55 bait sites observed during 316 observation periods (158 observation hours) and 312 flush-counts conducted from 2000-2002. In Texas, there were 26 bait sites observed during 182 observation periods (91 observation hours) and 174 flush-counts conducted from 2001-2002. The nontarget bird species most commonly observed on DRC-1339 bait sites in Louisiana and Texas was the savannah sparrow (Passerculus sandwichensis). Killdeer (Charadrius vociferus, Mourning doves (Zenaida macroura), meadowlarks (Sturnella spp.) and American pipits (Anthus rubescens,/i>) were observed less frequently than savannah sparrows. Of these, mourning doves in Louisiana and meadowlarks in Texas are of greatest concern because of their foraging habits, susceptibility to DRC-1339, and frequency and rate of occurrence at DRC-1339 bait sites.
The effect of LPTV channel adaptation on the performance of broadband PLC for Smart Grid (2011)

In this paper, we consider the broadband (BB) Linear Periodically Time Varying (LPTV) channel for power line communications (PLC), which is envisaged to be used in the in-home domain for the Smart Grid. We compute the performance improvement due to channel adaptation by computing the channel capacity, and total number of bit allocation using in-home BB PLC. We then propose an LPTV-aware bit loading scheme for BB orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems that can further improve the system performance in case of poor channel conditions and reduced power constraint by bit and power allocation not just across frequency, but also across time within AC cycle of the mains.
A Mechanistic Approach to the Electrolytic Reductive Dimerization of Acrylonitrile (1969)

Abstract The electrolytic reductive dimerization of acrylonitrile was investigated extensively especially in order to obtain some mechanistic information. The essential point of this reaction exists in the selective formation of adiponitrile under relatively wide conditions and this cannot be explained by a normal kinetic treatment based on the reaction scheme which has been accepted as probable. The heterogenuity in acrylonitrile concentration in the reaction system is assumed and the kinetic formulas are modified. This treatment explains the experimental results very satisfactorily. In order to confirm this mechanistic scheme, the effects of temperature, pH and solvents on the yield of reaction products were examined. All the results are consistent with the proposed mechanism.
Optical properties of thin Au−Cr films and their application to solar energy conversion (1975)

Opaque Au and Au−Cr films were produced by rf triode sputtering onto a glass substrate at 150°C. Cosputtering of Au and Cr films has extended the solubility limits of Cr in Au from 19 at.% Cr to 48 at.% Cr. Electron microscopy showed polycrystallinity in the entire solubility range and electron microprobe analysis confirmed compositional uniformity of films. Reflectance measurements were made in the range 0.3−15 μ. Reflectance data were analyzed by the Kramers−Kronig method to obtain the optical constants n, k, ε1, and ε2. Good agreement is shown with the previous single crystal data on Au−Cr (up to 19 at.% Cr). The reflectance data are used to calculate α/ε ratio which is applied to the solar energy collector surfaces. Reflectance and transmittance data for very thin Au and Au−Cr films (100−400 Å) are used to calculate the figures of merit for the heat mirror type solar−thermal energy collector design.
Detection of Gram-Negative β-Lactamase Producing Pathogens in the Clinical Lab (2012)

Pathogens that produce extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamases, and carbapenemases may appear falsely susceptible to β-lactam antibiotics in the laboratory. Infected patients may be treated with inappropriate antibiotics if laboratories do not perform accurate tests to detect these resistance mechanisms. Furthermore the resistant pathogens may spread undetected to amplify the therapeutic and infection control challenge. This review makes a case for why and how laboratories should perform tests to detect β-lactamase-mediated resistance in gram-negative pathogens.