gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Whole grain consumption reduces insulin demand, lipid peroxidation and plasma homocysteine concentrations in patients with coronary artery disease (2000)

BACKGROUND: Although current dietary guidelines recommend to increase the consumption of whole grain, these recommendations are mainly derived from the belief that replacing fats with carbohydrate may reduce risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) by improving serum lipids. Our objective was to evaluate whether the isocalorical replacement of refined rice with whole grain reduce CAD risk factors such as insulin demand and lipid peroxidation in CAD patients. METHODS: Thirty-eight male patients with CAD were provided with 70 g powder of whole grain (220 kcal) for 16 weeks, replacing cooked refined rice as a carbohydrate source of breakfast. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed in all subjects to determine the effect of whole grain consumption on serum concentrations of insulin and glucose in CAD patients with different degree of glucose tolerance. RESULTS: With the substitution of whole grain for refined rice, serum glucose concentrations decreased by 24% without altering body weight and energy intake. Estimates of daily fiber and vitamin E intakes increased by 24% and 50%, respectively. Whole grain consumption in CAD patients without diabetes decreased fasting glucose (22%) and the area under the curve (AUC) for insulin (26%) and glucose (19%) during an OGTT. CAD patients with diabetes also showed reductions in fasting glucose (27%) and AUC for glucose (25%) during the OGTT, compared with baseline values. Whole grain consumption reduced plasma malondialdehyde and homocysteine and urinary 8-epi-prostaglandin F 2alpha concentrations by about 30%. Lipid-corrected concentrations of alpha-carotene, retinol, alpha- and gamma-tocopherol and lycopene increased by 22-46%, compared with baseline values. Whole grain consumption decreased the percentage composition of w6 fatty acids of serum phospholipid increased by 14%. CONCLUSION: The replacement of refined rice with whole grain as a carbohydrate source of a meal showed significant beneficial effects on glucose, insulin and homocysteine concentrations and lipid peroxidation in CAD patients. These effects are likely to substantially reduce the risk factors of CAD and diabetes in CAD patients.
Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Metalated 1,8-Bis(silylamino)naphthalene Derivatives (2000)

Reaction of 1,8-C10H6{NHSiMe3}2 (1) with 2 molar equiv of butyllithium in toluene and subsequently added hmpa or tmeda as neutral coligands yields the lithium compounds [1,8-C10H6{N(Li-hmpa)SiMe3}2] (2) or [1,8-C10H6{N(Li)SiMe3}2(tmeda)1.5]2 (3), respectively which were both characterized by X-ray crystallography. Both compounds were obtained irrespective of the amide/coligand ratio in solution. Compound 3 is a dimeric complex containing two chelating and one bridging tmeda ligand. Lithiation of 1 in thf and reaction of the lithium amide with MgBr2(Et2O) gave the mixed-metal Li−Mg−amide [1,8-C10H6{NSiMe3}2Li(thf)MgBr(thf)] (4). A single-crystal X-ray structure analysis revealed that in the solid the MgBr units coordinate to neighboring lithium centers, leading to the aggregation of the molecules as polymeric chains.
Structure and Reaction Mechanism of YcjR, an Epimerase That Facilitates the Interconversion of <scp>d</scp>-Gulosides to <scp>d</scp>-Glucosides in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (2020)

YcjR from <i>Escherichia coli</i> K-12 MG1655 catalyzes the manganese-dependent reversible epimerization of 3-keto-α-d-gulosides to the corresponding 3-keto-α-d-glucosides as a part of a proposed catabolic pathway for the transformation of d-gulosides to d-glucosides. The three-dimensional structure of the manganese-bound enzyme was determined by X-ray crystallography. The divalent manganese ion is coordinated to the enzyme by ligation to Glu-146, Asp-179, His-205, and Glu-240. When either of the two active site glutamate residues is mutated to glutamine, the enzyme loses all catalytic activity for the epimerization of α-methyl-3-keto-d-glucoside at C4. However, the E240Q mutant can catalyze hydrogen-deuterium exchange of the proton at C4 of α-methyl-3-keto-d-glucoside in solvent D<sub>2</sub>O. The E146Q mutant does not catalyze this exchange reaction. These results indicate that YcjR catalyzes the isomerization of 3-keto-d-glucosides via proton abstraction at C4 by Glu-146 to form a <i>cis</i>-enediolate intermediate that is subsequently protonated on the opposite face by Glu-240 to generate the corresponding 3-keto-d-guloside. This conclusion is supported by docking of the <i>cis</i>-enediolate intermediate into the active site of YcjR based on the known binding orientation of d-fructose and d-psicose in the active site of d-psicose-3-epimerase.
TRIF Mediates Toll-like Receptor 5-induced Signaling in Intestinal Epithelial Cells (2010)

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) associate with adaptor molecules (MyD88, Mal/TIRAP, TRAM, and TRIF) to mediate signaling of host-microbial interaction. For instance, TLR4 utilizes the combination of both Mal/TIRAP-MyD88 (MyD88-dependent pathway) and TRAM-TRIF (MyD88-independent pathway). However, TLR5, the specific receptor for flagellin, is known to utilize only MyD88 to elicit inflammatory responses, and an involvement of other adaptor molecules has not been suggested in TLR5-dependent signaling. Here, we found that TRIF is involved in mediating TLR5-induced nuclear factor κB (NFκB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), specifically JNK1/2 and ERK1/2, activation in intestinal epithelial cells. TLR5 activation by flagellin permits the physical interaction between TLR5 and TRIF in human colonic epithelial cells (NCM460), whereas TLR5 does not interact with TRAM upon flagellin stimulation. Both primary intestinal epithelial cells from TRIF-KO mice and TRIF-silenced NCM460 cells significantly reduced flagellin-induced NFκB (p105 and p65), JNK1/2, and ERK1/2 activation compared with control cells. However, p38 activation by flagellin was preserved in these TRIF-deficient cells. TRIF-KO intestinal epithelial cells exhibited substantially reduced inflammatory cytokine (keratinocyte-derived cytokine, macrophage inflammatory protein 3α, and IL-6) expression upon flagellin, whereas control cells from TRIF-WT mice showed robust cytokine expression by flagellin. Compare with TRIF-WT mice, TRIF-KO mice were resistant to in vivo intestinal inflammatory responses: flagellin-mediated exacerbation of colonic inflammation and dextran sulfate sodium-induced experimental colitis. We conclude that in addition to MyD88, TRIF mediates TLR5-dependent responses and, thereby regulates inflammatory responses elicited by flagellin/TLR5 engagement. Our findings suggest an important role of TRIF in regulating host-microbial communication via TLR5 in the gut epithelium.
Draft Genome Sequences of Two Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates from Myanmar (2016)

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and lately, extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) are increasing global health concerns. Here, we present the genome sequences of two MDR-TB isolates from Myanmar, one of 27 countries with a high MDR-TB burden, and describe a number of mutations consistent with these being XDR-TB isolates.
Results of imatinib mesylate therapy in chronic myelogenous leukaemia with variant Philadelphia chromosome (2004)

Five to 10 per cent of patients with Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-positive chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) have variant translocations involving chromosomes other than 9 and 22. We investigated the characteristics and outcome of patients with variant translocations treated with imatinib. Among 721 patients, 44 (6%) had variant translocations, involving one (n = 39) or two (n = 4) additional chromosomes. Nineteen patients (44%) were in chronic (12 previously untreated), 24 (55%) in accelerated and one (2%) in blastic phase. A major cytogenetic response was achieved in 14 (74%) patients treated in chronic phase and in 14 (58%) treated in accelerated phase. Six of 13 (46%) evaluable patients had deletion of derivative chromosome 9, and there was a trend for a lower response rate in these patients. We compared the 43 patients in chronic or accelerated phase to 678 patients with classic Ph treated with imatinib. The only significant difference in clinical characteristics was a higher frequency of accelerated phase among those with variant translocations (56%) compared with those with classic translocations (38%). No differences in outcome were evident. In a multivariate analysis, variant Ph translocations had no impact in response rate, overall survival or duration of response. We conclude that patients with variant Ph translocations have a similar prognosis to those with classic Ph translocations when treated with imatinib.
Architecting iSCSI-based I/O systems for high performance computing clusters (2009)

The iSCSI protocol communicates over existing IP infrastructure, making it an intriguing storage alternative for cost-conscious HPC users. Two approaches have emerged for using iSCSI in an HPC context. With the first approach, I/O servers — also called data movers — access iSCSI storage at the block level and export it to the cluster nodes via a distributed file system. With the second approach, cluster nodes connect directly to the storage at the block-level via local iSCSI initiators. This paper describes both architectures and compares their performance and scalability across several workloads at increasing cluster sizes. Our results show that cluster and workload characteristics dictate the suitable approach for each cluster. We conclude with design recommendations based on our measured performance results.
Perovskite Solar Cells (2019)

In this talk, I will give a short overview of perovskite solar cells with regards to their opportunities and challenges. Opportunities for performance improvement will be highlighted. Challenges regarding durability will be discussed touching on our work on understanding intrinsic stability of perovskites and meta-stability of perovskite solar cells and strategies for boosting perovskite solar cells’ durability against thermal extremes and humidity. Our perovskite solar cells were the first to exceed the strict requirements of International Electrotechnical Commission standards for thermal cycling damp heat and humidity freeze. Such a major breakthrough represents an important step towards commercial viability.
A Computational Study of Physical Properties of the Smallest Fullerene, C<sub>20</sub> Nanoparticle (2013)

Computational nanotechnology provides theoretical understanding of complex nanoparticles properties and may enlighten their potential applications. In this paper, we use graph algorithms based on the dynamic programming to develop a software system which computes a set of optimal physical properties of the C20 nanoparticle. The computational results of our developed software system have not been reported previously. C20 nanoparticle is the smallest and simplest fullerene composed of twenty equivalent carbon atoms arranged in a cage structural form. The twenty carbon atoms of C20 nanoparticle are also arranged in two other major structures: bowl and ring. The study considers all three major structures of C20 nanoparticle and computes their physical indices including Wiener, hyper-Wiener, Harary and reciprocal Wiener. The Hosoya and hyper-Hosoya polynomials of the cage, bowl and ring structures of C20 nanoparticle have been also computed. The accuracy of the computational results was proved with the mathematical equations between the indices and polynomials. Our computational results also showed good agreement with the physical properties of the cage, bowl and ring structures of C20 nanoparticle.
P2‐529: THE ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE AND RELATED DISORDERS (ADRD) PRIMARY CARE ENGAGEMENT CAMPAIGN: PHASE II (2018)

Most persons with dementia receive their medical care in primary care settings, but many receive suboptimal care. The goal of the initial campaign (Phase 1) was to improve the care that persons with dementia receive in primary care settings by increasing awareness of ADRD and related caregiver stress among primary care providers (PCPs), and connecting patients and families with Alzheimer's Association resources. Pilot data confirmed the campaign increased patient and caregiver support via referrals to the Alzheimer's Association; and many PCPs benefited from education on diagnosis and management of dementia. Phase 2 involves the development and implementation of a clinical practice model to assess and manage cognitive issues the primary care setting. Our clinical improvement process was developed by a multi-disciplinary team that focused on evidence-based practice and practice-based evidence to define, design and implement clinical practices, standing orders, and educational materials. Our team designed and developed a dementia clinical practice workflow that links to the Welcome to Medicare, and Medicare Annual Wellness Visits. The dementia clinical practice workflow was rolled out in an IM resident primary care clinic, with continuation of Phase 1 coordination with the Alzheimer's Association. Prior to activation, the IM primary care faculty, residents and staff received training in cognitive assessment and management. The workflow includes: 1) template embedded into the electronic health record, including orders; 2) access to printable instruments; 3) educational materials for primary care clinicians, staff and case managers including diagnosis, staging, treatment, communication of diagnosis, indications for specialty referral, care planning, and community support services; and 4) elements of the Medicare code for assessment and care planning to facilitate coding/billing of G0505 (e.g., functional assessment and advance-care planning). Conclusion: Phase 1 offers a low cost intervention that improved identification of patients with dementia and provided support for family caregivers. Phase 2 will add on a comprehensive program to improve clinical dementia assessment and management. The program has the potential to optimize health and quality of life and help reduce the annual acute and long term costs.
Synthesis of the C22−C26 Tetrahydropyran Segment of Phorboxazole by a Stereoselective Prins Cyclization (2000)

[formula: see text] Tetrahydropyran rings are found in many complex natural products, and the segment-coupling Prins cyclization is an effective strategy for their synthesis. We report a four-step, stereoselective synthesis of the C20-C27 tetrahydropyran segment of phorboxazole. The key step is a Prins cyclization induced by catalytic BF3.OEt2.
Automatic wireless drone charging station creating essential environment for continuous drone operation (2016)

With a dramatic growth in the drone market in recent years, the amount of research efforts dedicated to drones increases correspondingly. However, short battery life severely restricts applications of the unmanned aerial vehicles and has proven to be a hard issue to tackle. Among various solutions for this problem, an automatic drone charging station can be utilized. This paper proposes a fully automatic charging station which operates wirelessly. The station also allows for imprecise landing of the UAV on the platform, which is often the case for practical systems. Application of the proposed charging station may completely eliminate the need in manual battery charging of the quadrotor UAVs.
<sup>18</sup>F-Fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography in the evaluation of gastrointestinal malignancies (2003)

Positron emission tomography with (18)F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose is an imaging technology that is demonstrating increasing utility in the evaluation of gastrointestinal malignancies.
Permittivity and performance of dielectric pads with sintered ceramic beads in MRI: early experiments and simulations at 3 T (2012)

Passive dielectric materials have been used to improve aspects of MRI by affecting the distribution of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields. Recently, interest in such materials has increased with the number of high-field MRI sites. Here, we introduce a new material composed of sintered high-permittivity ceramic beads in deuterated water. This arrangement maintains the ability to create flexible pads for conforming to individual subjects. The properties of the material are measured and the performance of the material is compared to previously used materials in both simulation and experiment at 3 T. Results show that both permittivity of the beads and effect on signal-to-noise ratio and required transmit power in MRI are greater than those of materials consisting of ceramic powder in water. Importantly, use of beads results in both higher permittivity and lower conductivity than use of powder.
Genetic Associations with Valvular Calcification and Aortic Stenosis (2013)

Genetic variation in the LPA locus, mediated by Lp(a) levels, is associated with aortic-valve calcification across multiple ethnic groups and with incident clinical aortic stenosis. (Funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and others.).
Comparison of metabolic, temperature, heart rate and ventilatory responses to exercise at extreme ambient temperatures (0?? and 35??C.) (1975)

Eight male subjects exercised on a bicycle ergometer for one half to one hour at loads demanding 52 to 59% of Vo2max on two separate occasions, once with ambient temperature held at 0 degrees C and once in a 35 degrees C environment. Throughout exercise and during recovery in a 25 degrees C environment, measurements were made of oxygen consumption, ventilation, heart rate, muscle-rectal-skin temperatures, and blood lactic acid. In the hot condition significant increases in heart rate, blood lactates, sweat loss, muscle, rectal and skin temperature responses were observed. At 0 degrees C Vo2 was significantly elevated during exercise over that in the 35 degrees C condition. Despite the elevated Vo2 response in the cold, higher body temperatures measured in the heat were associated with a significantly higher (P less than .025) recovery Vo2 (x = 866 ml), which was of the magnitude predicted by the van't Hoff-Arrhenius relationship.
On lexicographic max-min node lifetime for wireless sensor networks (2004)

We study the network lifetime problem by considering not only the maximized time until the first node fails, but also the maximized lifetime for all the nodes in the network which we define as the lexicographic max-min (LMM) node lifetime problem. The main contributions of this paper are two-fold. First, we develop a polynomial-time algorithm to derive the LMM-optimal node lifetime vector, which effectively circumvents the computational complexity problem associated with an existing state-of-the-art approach, which is exponential. Second, we present a simple (also polynomial-time) algorithm to calculate the flow routing schedule such that the LMM-optimal node lifetime vector can be achieved. Our results in this paper advance the state-of-the-art algorithmic design to network-wide node lifetime problems.
Nitrogen Utilization of .BETA.-Casein in Rats. (1994)

β-カゼインの体内窒素利用性について, ラットを用いて生物価, 正味タンパク質利用率 (NPU) およびタンパク質効率 (PER) を調べた。試料は, β-カゼイン含量を高めたカゼイン (β-カゼイン含量65%, 以下βCN) と全カゼイン (β-カゼイン含量30%, 以下WCN) を用いた。生物価では, βCN群 (87.2±0.6) は, WCN群 (82.6±0.7) よりも有意に高い値を示した。また, NPUについても, βCN群 (87.0±0.7) は, WCN群 (82.3±0.7) よりも有意に高い値を示した。PER試験での体重増加量では, βCN群 (130±6) は, WCN群 (121±5) よりもやや高い値で推移した。また, PERにおいてもβCN群 (3.51±0.08) は, WCN群 (3.33±0.10) よりもやや高い値を示した。以上より, β-カゼインは, 高い栄養価を有することが認められた。
Suppression of tif-mediated induction of SOS functions in Escherichia coli by an altered dnaB protein (1979)

The tif-1 mutation in the Escherichia coli recA gene is known to cause induction of the various "SOS" functions at high temperature, including massive synthesis of the recA protein, lethal filamentation, elevated mutagenesis, and, in lambda lysogens, induction of prophage. It is shown here that the deoxyribonucleic acid initiation mutation dnaB252 suppresses all these manifestations of tif expression. Induction of lambda by ultraviolet irradiation, however, is not affected by the dnaB252 mutation. No similar suppression of tif is observed with other dnaB mutations affecting deoxyribonucleic acid elongation or with other deoxyribonucleic acid initiation mutations at the dnaA and dnaC loci. The fact that an alteration of the dnaB protein specifically suppresses tif-mediated SOS induction implies a role of the replication apparatus in this process, as has been suggested for ultraviolet induction. The induction of lambda is known to proceed via repressor cleavage, presumably promoted by an activated (protease) form of the recA protein. Since lambda induction is normal after ultraviolet irradiation of the tif-1 dnaB252(lambda) strain, tif-mediated induction in this strain may be blocked in a tif-specific step leading to activation of the recA (tif) protein. It is possible that the recA (tif) mutant protein may be directly involved in the replication complex in processes leading to this activation.
A <scp>B</scp>ovine <scp>P</scp>eptide<scp>A</scp>tlas of milk and mammary gland proteomes (2012)

Proteome information resources of farm animals are lagging behind those of the classical model organisms despite their important biological and economic relevance. Here, we present a Bovine PeptideAtlas, representing a first collection of Bos taurus proteome data sets within the PeptideAtlas framework. This database was built primarily as a source of information for designing selected reaction monitoring assays for studying milk production and mammary gland health, but it has an intrinsic general value for the farm animal research community. The Bovine PeptideAtlas comprises 1921 proteins at 1.2% false discovery rate (FDR) and 8559 distinct peptides at 0.29% FDR identified in 107 samples from six tissues. The PeptideAtlas web interface has a rich set of visualization and data exploration tools, enabling users to interactively mine information about individual proteins and peptides, their prototypic features, genome mappings, and supporting spectral evidence.
System for fast measurement of in-vivo tissue fluorescence spectra under multiple wavelength excitations (1996)

Tissue autofluorescence properties are excitation wavelength dependent. In this work, we developed a nitrogen dye laser -- OMA system capable of quickly measuring tissue autofluorescence spectra in vivo under multiple wavelength excitation. The system consists of a nitrogen dye laser with stepper motor for wavelength selection, an OMA with gated intensified detector, and a PC computer. A bifurcated fiber optic bundle is used to conduct the excitation laser light and to collect the fluorescence light. Gating electronics are used to achieve a high signal to noise ratio, allowing fluorescence measurements to be performed with ambient light on or under white light illumination during endoscopy. Excitation wavelength changes are performed automatically and quickly by the stepper motor which is controlled by the OMA PIA port. The system has been tested with a tissue phantom. The time needed to switch from one excitation wavelength to the next excitation wavelength is about one second.