gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nitridosilicates - A Significant Extension of Silicate Chemistry (1997)

Abstract A novel synthetic approach is presented which starts from silicon diimide Si(NH)2 and makes available a manifold variety of novel nitridosilicates. Structurally these nitridosilicates represent a significant extension of the family of oxosilicates. With respect to their outstanding chemical and physical stability nitridosilicates might be of particular interest for the development of novel inorganic nitridic materials. Keywords:: nitridosilicatesnitrideshigh-temperature synthesisnitridozeolitesmaterials science
Mild and regiospecific reduction of masked 1,3-dicarbonyl derivatives to monocarbonyl compounds and primary and secondary amines (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMild and regiospecific reduction of masked 1,3-dicarbonyl derivatives to monocarbonyl compounds and primary and secondary aminesJose Barluenga, Enrique Aguilar, Bernardo Olano, and Santos FusteroCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 8, 1741–1744Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00243a027https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00243a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views203Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Role of Deoxyribonucleic Acid Polymerase ε in Spermatogenesis in Mice1 (1997)

Previous studies on DNA polymerase epsilon indicate that this enzyme is involved in replication of chromosomal DNA. In this study, we examined the expression of DNA polymerases alpha, delta, and epsilon during mouse testis development and germ cell differentiation. The steady-state levels of mRNAs encoding DNA polymerase epsilon and the recombination enzyme Rad51 remained constant during testis development, whereas the mRNA levels of DNA polymerases alpha and delta declined from birth until sexual maturity. Immunohistochemical staining methods, using a stage-specific model of the seminiferous epithelium, revealed dramatic differences between DNA polymerase alpha and epsilon distribution. As expected, DNA polymerase alpha and proliferating cell nuclear antigen showed relatively strong immunostaining in mitotically proliferating spermatogonia and even stronger staining in preleptotene cells undergoing meiotic DNA replication. The distribution of Rad51 was similar, but there was a dramatic peak in late pachytene cells. In contrast, DNA polymerase epsilon was detectable in mitotically proliferating spermatogonia but not in the early stages of meiotic prophase. However, DNA polymerase epsilon reappeared in late pachytene cells and remained through the two meiotic divisions, and was present in haploid spermatids up to the stage at which the flagellum starts developing. Overall, the results suggest that DNA polymerase epsilon functions in mitotic replication, in the completion of recombination in late pachytene cells, and in repair of DNA damage in round spermatids. In contrast, DNA polymerases alpha and delta appear to be involved in meiotic DNA synthesis, which occurs early in meiotic prophase, in addition to functioning in DNA replication in proliferating spermatogonia.
Thermochemistry of Lanthana‐ and Yttria‐Doped Thoria (2010)

Lanthanide‐doped thoria is relevant both to nuclear energy and to solid oxide fuel cell technology. It is also a simple model system in which oxygen vacancy concentration is directly proportional to doping with no complication from oxidation–reduction reactions, ordered phases, or phase transitions in the tetravalent oxide. Despite this relevance, only few thermodynamic data are available for such systems. In the present study, La x Th 1− x O 2−0.5 x (0< x <0.50) and Y x Th 1− x O 2−0.5 x (0< x <0.18) have been synthesized, characterized, and systematically studied for the first time using high‐temperature oxide melt solution calorimetry. Two competing effects contribute to the energetics: endothermic deviation from ideality related to cation size difference and partial stabilization of the system due to the exothermic formation of defect clusters. The former can be described by endothermic regular solution interaction parameters of 119.3 ± 11.4 kJ/mol for the yttria system and 27.8 ± 4.1 kJ/mol for the lanthana system. The latter can be described by exothermic vacancy clustering or defect association energies of –116.3 ± 23.3 kJ/mol for yttria‐doped thoria and –98.6 ± 19.7 kJ/mol for lanthana‐doped thoria.
Mimicry of the Hodgkin-Associated IRAC Antigen by an Anti-Idiotype Network: Potential Use in Active Immunotherapy of Hodgkin's Lymphoma (1994)

The murine monoclonal antibody anti-IRac, defining a surface-antigen structure (MW 70 kDa) on Hodgkin-Reed-Sternberg and interdigitating reticulum cells, was used to generate a cascade of anti-idiotypic antibodies as well as a cellular immunity against Hodgkin-Reed-Sternberg cells in syngeneic BALB/c-mice. The anti-idiotypic antibody monoclonal antibody 4B4 demonstrated characteristics of an "internal image" or network antibody (Ab2 beta). Ab2 beta 4B4 bound specifically to anti-IRac and inhibited anti-IRac-binding to antigen-bearing cells effectively. 4B4 induced an IRac-specific humoral polyclonal immune response in BALB/c-mice and New Zealand white rabbits as judged by Flow cytometric and histochemical analysis. Moreover, BALB/c-mice immunized with 4B4 showed statistically significant (p > 0.01) delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction against IRac-expressing Hodgkin cell-lines. Ab2 beta 4B4 induced in syngeneic BALB/c mice a monoclonal anti-anti-idiotypic antibody (Ab3) termed 3G10, which mimicked the specificities of Ab1 anti-IRac and thus confirms the internal image nature of Ab2 beta 4B4. The anti-idiotype-induced tumor cell specific T- and B-cell mediated immune response even across species barriers via the Hodgkin related IRac-antigen may play an important part in active specific immunotherapy of Hodgkin's disease.
Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging in cervical carcinoma: a report on 30 cases (1991)

T1 and T2 relaxation times were calculated, before radiation therapy, in 30 patients with cervical carcinoma. Eight healthy young women were submitted to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to determine T1 and T2 times of the normal cervix. Magnetic resonance imaging was repeated, in 22 patients, during radiation therapy and at follow-up. During treatment and follow-up, patients with complete tumour response showed a significant T1 reduction compared with the pre-treatment values. With persistence of palpable or visible tumour, T1 times showed a small decrease during therapy, and a marked increase at subsequent examinations. The results suggest that the modifications of T1 times, during radiation therapy and follow-up, could be considered as a useful discriminant between patients with differing tumour response.
Low-temperature synthesis and electrochemical lithium intercalation behaviour of defect Li-Mn-O spinel oxide (1996)

Disordered spinel phases with composition Li≈ 0.35MnO2 –δ·nH2O have been obtained by room-temperature aqueous oxidation of Mn±2 in LiOH medium. A thermogravimetric study shows that this phase can be dehydrated and reversibly exchanges oxygen in the temperature range 250–500 °C. The anhydrous product obtained by annealing at 300 °C in oxygen is a defect spinel with stoichiometry Li 0.70.Mn2O4. Its electrochemical behaviour in lithium cells shows improved capacity retention on charge-discharge cycling compared to high-temperature, stoichiometric LiMn2O4. This difference is attributed to the small grain size (in the 0.1 µm scale) and structural disorder, which favour the electrolyte–electrode material contact and lithium diffusion in the low-temperature phase.
Autoimmune uveitis induced by molecular mimicry of peptides from rotavirus, bovine casein and retinal S‐antigen (2003)

Antigenic mimicry of infectious agents and autoantigens is a proposed pathomechanism for autoimmune diseases. Here, we describe antigenic mimicry of a peptide from rotavirus, a nutritional protein from bovine milk (alphas2-casein) and a peptide thereof as well as a highly pathogenic peptide from retinal S-antigen (PDSAg), a major autoantigen in experimental autoimmune uveitis in Lewis rats. Immunization of rats with the peptides and the casein protein induced uveitis, an intraocular inflammation leading to decreased vision and even blindness. The peptides elicited cross-reactive T cell responses and uveitis in rats and were also recognized by lymphocytes and sera from uveitis patients. Oral tolerization with PDSAg, but not with rotavirus- and casein-derived peptides or casein protein, prevented PDSAg-induced uveitis in rats. Cofeeding of casein with cholera toxin induced uveitis in rats, suggesting that breaking oral tolerance to casein during gastrointestinal infections might also be able to initiate uveitis in humans.
Polymorphism and expression of the galactosyltransferase‐associated protein kinase gene in normal individuals and galactosylation‐defective rheumatoid arthritis patients (1990)

We used restriction endonuclease digestion of leukocyte DNA to assess the structural integrity of an N-acetylglucosamine beta 1----4 galactosyltransferase (GalTase)-associated (GTA) protein kinase gene in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. This analysis provides evidence that the gross structure of the GTA protein kinase gene locus remains intact in patients with defective galactosylation and that this gene locus is polymorphic both in normal individuals and in patients with RA, although no polymorphisms unique to RA patients were observed. Initial data on the expression of this gene indicate that comparable levels of GTA protein kinase messenger RNA are present in the lymphocytes of normal individuals and RA patients, irrespective of whether lymphocytes were obtained from patients with decreased or normal levels of galactosylation.
Plant Sequence Capture Optimised for Illumina Sequencing (2014)

Plant Sequence Capture is used for targeted resequencing of whole exomes (all exons of a genome) of complex genomes e.g. barley and its relatives (Mascher et al., 2013). Sequencing and computing costs are significantly reduced since only the greatly enriched and gene-coding part of the barley genome is targeted, that corresponds to only 1-2% of the entire genome. Thus, applications such as genetic diversity studies and the isolation of single genes (“cloning-by-sequencing”) are greatly facilitated. Here, a protocol is provided describing the construction of shotgun DNA libraries from genomic barley DNA for sequencing on the Illumina HiSeq/MiSeq systems. The shotgun DNA sequencing libraries are hybridized to an oligonucleotide pool (Exome Library) encompassing the whole exome of barley. The Exome Library is provided as a liquid array containing biotinylated probes (Roche/NimbleGen). Subsequently, genomic shotgun DNA fragments hybridized to the Exome Library are affinity-purified using streptavidin coated magnetic beads. The captured library is PCR-amplified and sequenced using high-throughput short read sequencing-by-synthesis.
Non-scanning three-dimensional measurements using a chirped frequency comb interferometry with a multi-mode fiber bundle (2018)

We developed a non-scanning three-dimensional (3D) measurement method using multi-mode fiber bundle. Based on ultrafast space-time-frequency conversion with a chirped optical frequency comb and spectral interferometry, non-scanning 3D imaging with high power efficiency is demonstrated.
Clinical Outcomes and Stent Thrombosis Following Off-Label Use of Drug-Eluting Stents (2007)

Compared with on-label use, off-label use of drug-eluting stents is associated with a higher rate of adverse outcomes during the index admission and at 1 year. Stent thrombosis occurred predominantly in patients who underwent off-label drug-eluting stent implantation. Clinicians should be cautious about extrapolating the benefits of drug-eluting stents over bare-metal stents observed in randomized clinical trials to higher-risk clinical settings that have not been assessed.
NSAID switching and short‐term gastrointestinal outcome rates after the withdrawal of rofecoxib (2009)

Short-term follow-up data suggest that the sudden shift from rofecoxib to nsNSAIDs without gastroprotection did not increase the rate of hospitalization for GI complications but increased outpatient visits for PUD.
ChemInform Abstract: KINETICS OF NUCLEOPHILIC ATTACK ON COORDINATED ORGANIC MOIETIES. PART 17. ADDITION OF PYRIDINES TO (FE(1‐5‐μ‐DIENYL)(CO)3)+ CATIONS (DIENYL = C6H7, 2‐MEOC6H6, OR C7H9) (1981)

Abstract Die Art der Reaktion zwischen den Kationen (I) bzw. (IV) und den substituierten Pyridinen (II) wurde mittels IR‐ und 1 H‐NMR‐Spektroskopie und, in einigen Fällen, durch Isolierung und Charakterisierung der Reaktionsprodukte (IIIa) und (Va) untersucht.
Transactions (1935)

Transactions Yasuo Iwasaki Yasuo Iwasaki Chiba Horticultural College, Matsudo-machi, Chiba-ken Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Bulletin of the Agricultural Chemical Society of Japan, Volume 11, Issue 12, 1 December 1935, Pages 159–164, https://doi.org/10.1080/03758397.1935.10857126 Published: 01 December 1935 Article history Received: 10 October 1935 Published: 01 December 1935
WETICE 2010 2nd Workshop on Collaboration and Cloud Computing (CCC) Theme: Computing Clouds with Telecom Grade "Trust" and Global Interoperability (2010)

The combination of hardware assisted virtualization and the broadband Internet have taken the Information Technology (IT) hosted managed services to a next level of evolution, where the software applications have become independent of the hardware infrastructure and can be migrated at will. This introduces two key issues that need to be addressed to fully leverage the potential that the new servers and virtualization offer: 1. The operation and management of virtual services have to be decoupled from the operation and management of the server, network and storage physical infrastructure that hosts them 2. Resource provisioning must be application sensitive, dynamic to meet the transient nature of services that can migrate and must accommodate latency constraints of services that utilize them. The second international IEEE Workshop On collaboration & Cloud Computing under the aegis of 19th IEEE International Workshops on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructures for Collaborative Enterprises (WETICE) 2010, is devoted to address the operation and management issues in the next generation cloud computing. Seven papers discuss various aspects of bringing telecom grade “trust” and global interoperability to distributed collaborating computing clouds.
mRNA levels of TLR4 and TLR5 are independent of H pylori (2008)

The results of this study show that the mRNA levels of TLR4 and TLR5 in gastric cells, both in vivo and in vitro, are independent of H pylori colonization and suggest that vacA may not be a significant player in the first step of innate immune recognition mediated by TLR4 or TLR5.
Ultrathin low temperature SiGe buffer for the growth of high quality Ge epilayer on Si(100) by ultrahigh vacuum chemical vapor deposition (2007)

The authors report a method to grow high quality strain-relaxed Ge on a combination of low-temperature Ge seed layer on low temperature ultrathin Si0.8Ge0.2 buffer with thickness of 27.3nm by ultrahigh vacuum/chemical-vapor-deposition method without the need to use chemical mechanical polish or high temperature annealing. On 8in. Si wafer, the etch-pit density was 6×106cm−2. The root-mean-square surface roughnesses of Ge epitaxy by atomic force microscopy were 1.4 and 1.2nm for bulk Si and silicon-on-insulator substrates, respectively. Micro-Raman spectroscopy shows extremely uniform distribution of residual strain in the overgrown Ge epitaxy on 8in. wafers.
Aspects of Calcium Phosphate Crystallization under Urinary Conditions (1984)

Two of the most frequently observed calcium-containing minerals in renal stones are the oxalates and phosphates. Formation of concretions of the calcium phosphates is complicated by the precipitation of precursors during the overall crystallization process. Although the calcium phosphate precipitate is usually referred to as hydroxy-apatite [Ca5(PO4)3OH, HAP], there is still considerable uncertainty as to the nature of the phases which form in the early stages of the precipitation reactions. In many studies aimed at understanding the spontaneous precipitation reactions, experiments have been carried out using solutions supersaturated with respect to at least five phases in order of increasing solubility: HAP; β-tricalcium phosphate [Ca3(PO4)2, TCP]; octacalcium phosphate [Ca4H(PO4)3 2.5H2O, OCP]; dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (CaH PO4, DCPA); and dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (CaH PO4 • 2H2 O, DCPD). Interpretations of the results of these experiments usually assume the attainment of equilibrium and involve thermodynamic solubility products of the phases. However, it is now well established that kinetic factors may be much more important in determining the nature of the solids which formed initially (1). The paricipation of these phases during the crystallization of calcium phosphates to a large extent accounts for the difficulties in elucidating the overall mechanism of the process. The problem is best illustrated by plotting the solubility isotherms as pH functions of the product of total calcium and total phosphate molar concentrations, as in Figure 1. It is important to note that the positions of the curves and the singular points in this figure are functions both of the ionic strength and of the background electrolyte.
Vision-Based Obstacle Detection and Avoidance: Application to Robust Indoor Navigation of Mobile Robots (2008)

We propose a more practical and efficient method for obstacle detection and avoidance. In this paper, a robot detects obstacles based on the projective invariants of stereo cameras, fuses this information with two-dimensional scanning sensor data, and finally builds up a more informative and conservative occupancy map. Although this approach is not supposed to recognize the exact shape of the obstacles, this shortcoming is overcome in the actual application by its fast calculation time and robustness against the illumination conditions. To avoid detected obstacles, a new reactive obstacle avoidance strategy is also presented. To evaluate the proposed method, we applied it to the mobile robot iMARO-III. In this test, iMARO-III has succeeded in long-term operation for 7 days continuously without any intervention of engineers and any collision in the real office environment.
Asset Profile Definitions for DLT Interoperability (1997)

In order for virtual assets to be traded or exchanged within online
transactions, the parties involved in the transaction must have share
a common definition of what constitute the virtual asset. Parties
transacting on a DLT system must have the unambiguous means to refer
to a common definition of an virtual asset, independent of the
implementation of the virtual asset in question. This specification
defines a JSON representation of a number of common information fields
within asset profiles.
Magnetic and magnetotransport properties of solid phase epitaxially grown Si:Ce films (2003)

Magnetic and magnetotransport properties of a magnetic semiconductor, Si:Ce films, were investigated. The as-deposited films exhibit n-type conduction due to their amorphous nature, with a temperature dependence of the resistivity (ρ–T) like a normal semiconductor with diamagnetic properties. By annealing at 973 K, the conduction and the magnetic susceptibility change to the p-type and become positive, respectively. The change in the magnetic susceptibility (χ–T) at a low magnetic field of 750 Oe against the measurement temperature exhibits spin-glasslike behavior showing a cusp around 38 K (Tg). The ρ–T curve increases exponentially from 273 K to 35 K, and then drastically decreases by three orders of magnitude below 33 K. Above Tg, the magnetoresistance behavior at a magnetic field below 0.5 T can be understood as that of a semiconductor caused by the Lorentz force. Below Tg, on the other hand, an extremely large magnetoresistance, which can not be explained by a Lorentz force alone, is observed.
Studies of recrystallization of CdTe thin films after CdCl/sub 2/ treatment [solar cells] (2002)

CdTe thin film solar cells deposited by physical vapor deposition (PVD) and close-spaced sublimation (CSS) have been treated with CdCl/sub 2/ at 350/spl deg/ and 400/spl deg/C. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis showed that the films started recrystallizing during the 350/spl deg/C CdCl/sub 2/ treatment. These results were confirmed by the presence of two lattice parameters, detected using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The PVD films treated at 400/spl deg/C were completely recrystallized and grain growth was observed. The formation of Cd(S/sub 1-x/Te/sub x/) alloy in these films was evidenced by the appearance of extra peaks close to the CdTe peaks in the diffraction patterns. No major changes were observed in the structural properties of CSS CdTe films treated at the same conditions. It was concluded that the effect of the CdCl/sub 2/ treatment in the CdTe films is to promote recrystallization and grain growth, but only if enough lattice-strain energy is available (as is the case for PVD films). Time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) analysis showed, for PVD and CSS films, an increase in minority-carrier lifetime with the treatment, mainly at 400/spl deg/C, probably due to elimination of deep levels within the band gap.
Cl Insertion on<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>Si</mml:mi><mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo><mml:mn>100</mml:mn><mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo><mml:mtext mathvariant="normal">−</mml:mtext><mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mo>×</mml:mo><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo></mml:math>: Etching Under Conditions of Supersaturation (2007)

We use scanning tunneling microscopy to show that Cl2 dosing of Cl-saturated Si(100)-(2x1) surfaces at elevated temperature leads to uptake beyond "saturation" and allows access to a new etching pathway. This process involves Cl insertion in Si-Si dimer bonds or backbonds, diffusion of the inserted Cl, and ultimately desorption of SiCl2. Investigations into the etch kinetics reveal that insertion occurs via a novel form of Cl2 dissociative chemisorption that is mediated by dangling bond sites. Upon dissociation, one Cl atom adsorbs at the dangling bond while the other can insert.
Mechanism of malaria transmission in the province of North Holland (1938)

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