gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improving Invariant Mining via Static Analysis (2017)

This paper proposes the use of static analysis to improve the generation of invariants from test data extracted from Simulink models. Previous work has shown the utility of such automatically generated invariants as a means for updating and completing system specifications; they also are useful as a means of understanding model behavior. This work shows how the scalability and accuracy of the data mining process can be dramatically improved by using information from data/control flow analysis to reduce the search space of the invariant mining and to eliminate false positives. Comparative evaluations of the process show that the improvements significantly reduce execution time and memory consumption, thereby supporting the analysis of more complex models, while also improving the accuracy of the generated invariants.
Software watermarking in the frequency domain: Implementation, analysis, and attacks (2005)

In this paper we analyze the SHKQ software watermarking algorithm, originally due to Stern, Hachez, Koeune and Quisquater. The algorithm has been implemented within the SANDMARK framework, a system designed to allow effective study of software protec
Open Access SHORT REPORT (2010)

Avian influenza virus H9N2 isolates cause a mild influenza-like illness in humans. However, the pathogenesis of the H9N2 subtypes in human remains to be investigated. Using a human alveolar epithelial cell line A549 as host, we found that A/Quail/Hong Kong/G1/97 (H9N2/G1), which shares 6 viral internal with the lethal A/Hong Kong/156/97 (H5N1/97) virus, replicates efficiently whereas other H9N2 viruses, A/Duck/Hong Kong/Y280/97 (H9N2/Y280) and A/ Chicken/Hong Kong/G9/97 (H9N2/G9), replicate poorly. Interestingly, we found that there is a difference in the translation of viral protein but not in the infectivity or transcription of viral genes of these H9N2 viruses in the infected cells. This difference may possibly be explained by H9N2/G1 being more efficient on viral protein production in specific cell types. These findings suggest that the H9N2/G1 virus like its counterpart H5N1/97 may be better adapted to the human host and replicates efficiently in human alveolar epithelial cells.
Ecological Therapy for Cancer: Defining Tumors Using an Ecosystem Paradigm Suggests New Opportunities for Novel Cancer Treatments (2008)

We propose that there is an opportunity to devise new cancer therapies based on the recognition that tumors have properties of ecological systems. Traditionally, localized treatment has targeted the cancer cells directly by removing them (surgery) or killing them (chemotherapy and radiation). These modes of therapy have not always been effective because many tumors recur after these therapies, either because not all of the cells are killed (local recurrence) or because the cancer cells had already escaped the primary tumor environment (distant recurrence). There has been an increasing recognition that the tumor microenvironment contains host noncancer cells in addition to cancer cells, interacting in a dynamic fashion over time. The cancer cells compete and/or cooperate with nontumor cells, and the cancer cells may compete and/or cooperate with each other. It has been demonstrated that these interactions can alter the genotype and phenotype of the host cells as well as the cancer cells. The interaction of these cancer and host cells to remodel the normal host organ microenvironment may best be conceptualized as an evolving ecosystem. In classic terms, an ecosystem describes the physical and biological components of an environment in relation to each other as a unit. Here, we review some properties of tumor microenvironments and ecological systems and indicate similarities between them. We propose that describing tumors as ecological systems defines new opportunities for novel cancer therapies and use the development of prostate cancer metastases as an example. We refer to this as "ecological therapy" for cancer.
Closing the loop on impulsivity via nucleus accumbens delta-band activity in mice and man (2017)

Reward hypersensitization is a common feature of neuropsychiatric disorders, manifesting as impulsivity for anticipated incentives. Temporally specific changes in activity within the nucleus accumbens (NAc), which occur during anticipatory periods preceding consummatory behavior, represent a critical opportunity for intervention. However, no available therapy is capable of automatically sensing and therapeutically responding to this vulnerable moment in time when anticipation-related neural signals may be present. To identify translatable biomarkers for an off-the-shelf responsive neurostimulation system, we record local field potentials from the NAc of mice and a human anticipating conventional rewards. We find increased power in 1- to 4-Hz oscillations predominate during reward anticipation, which can effectively trigger neurostimulation that reduces consummatory behavior in mice sensitized to highly palatable food. Similar oscillations are present in human NAc during reward anticipation, highlighting the translational potential of our findings in the development of a treatment for a major unmet need.
EPR Studies on the SmI<sub>2</sub>-Promoted Coupling of <i>N</i>-(<i>N</i>‘,<i>N</i>‘-Dialkylaminoalkyl)benzotriazoles (1999)

Radicals generated in the SmI2-promoted coupling of N-(N‘,N‘-dialkylaminoalkyl)benzotriazoles 1 have been detected using the EPR spin-trapping technique. Single electron transfer (SET) between 1 and SmI2 is discussed as a mechanism for the formation of the radicals.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS OF A NONLINEAR MULTIMODAL VIBRATION ENERGY HARVESTER BASED ON MAGNETIC LEVITATION (2025)

In this paper, we propose a nonlinear multimodal vibration energy harvesting method using an array of coupled levitated magnets. This approach is validated with an experimental prototype of two magnets. The advantage of this device is the combination of the benefits of nonlinearities and modal interactions in order to enlarge the bandwidth and increase the harvested power. At first,
the governing equations are derived while considering the magnetic nonlinearity and the electromagnetic damping. This model includes also the identified magnetic stiffness thanks to a specific experimental protocol. The device is designed with closed eigenfrequencies in order to enlarge the harvester bandwidth and dynamic experiments have been performed under a harmonic base excitation. A resistive electrical circuit permits the measurement of the harvested power and the optimal load resistance enabling the maximal harvested power has been identified and compared with good agreement to the theoretical value. The proposed harvester enables scavenging the vibration energy in the operating frequency range of 8 - 13.5 Hz, and a normalized harvested power of 2mW cm-3 g-2.
Current perpendicular-to-plane GMR for magnetoelectronic RAM (1999)

Different avenues are being explored to realize non-volatile high density magnetoelectronic memory. Our work has focused on the applicability of the current perpendicular-to-plane configuration of magnetic multilayers showing giant magnetoresistance (CPP-GMR). Successful realization relies on overcoming several technological hurdles that include understanding the complicated transport characteristics and micromagnetic of the multilayer system, device fabrication, process integration to Si electronics, and the memory operating mode and architecture. In this work we present our results to date in our evolving approach to constructing a functional memory.
Establishment of the primary structure of the major lipid-dependent Ca2+ binding proteins of chicken growth plate cartilage matrix vesicles: Identity with anchorin cii (annexin V) and annexin II (1992)

Electron microscopic studies of calcifying vertebrate tissues reveal the locus of de novo mineral formation within matrix vesicles (MV). The direct involvement of MV in the initiation of mineral formation is supported by the fact that MV isolated from avian growth plate cartilage rapidly accumulate large amounts of Ca2+ and P(i) and induce mineral formation. Exploration of the constituents of MV has revealed two major protein components, a 33 and a 36 kD protein, the former of which binds to cartilage-specific collagens. These annexin-like proteins bind to acidic phospholipids in the presence of submicromolar levels of Ca2+. Antibodies raised against both the purified 33 and the 36 kD MV annexin do not cross-react with the other, indicating that they are distinct proteins. Reported here are studies elucidating the primary structure of both MV proteins using both conventional protein and molecular biologic methods. These studies establish that the 33 kD protein is nearly identical to anchorin CII (annexin V) and that the 36 kD protein is identical to avian annexin II. Immunolocalization studies show that hypertrophic chondrocytes at the calcification front of avian growth plate contain the highest level of these annexins. Further, immunogold labeling indicates that the annexins are localized within MV isolated from the growth plate. Recent studies indicate that annexin V is a new type of ion-selective Ca2+ channel protein that possesses selective collagen binding properties. Since MV are tightly associated with the collagen- and proteoglycan-rich matrix, it is tempting to speculate that this MV protein may be a component of stretch-activated ion channels that enhance Ca2+ uptake during mechanical stress.
Interaction of the core fragments of the LL-37 host defense peptide with actin (2014)

Host defense peptides are effector molecules of the innate immunity that possess antimicrobial and health-promoting properties. Due to their potential therapeutic activities, host defense peptides are being explored as alternatives for antibiotics. The human LL-37 and its shorter, cost-effective, bactericidal core peptide derivates have been suggested for their therapeutic potential. Bacteria evade host defense peptides by proteolytic inactivation. Actin released from necrotized cells and abundant in infected sites was shown to bind and protect LL-37 from microbial proteolytic degradation, and to enable the peptide's antimicrobial action despite the presence of the proteases. Here, we characterized the interactions of the 10-13 residues long LL-37 core peptides with actin. We show that the LL-37 core peptides associate with actin with a lower affinity than that of LL-37. Their association with actin, which is very ionic strength sensitive, is mainly based on electrostatic interactions. Likewise, the antimicrobial activity against <i>Escherichia coli</i> of the minimal antimicrobial peptide KR-12 but not FK-13 nor LL-37 is also very sensitive to salts. In addition, the antimicrobial activity of the FK-13 core peptide is protected by actin against the tested bacterial proteases in a similar manner to that of LL-37, supporting its potential for therapeutic use.
The Behavior of Passengers’ Postural Control against Ship Motion on a Small Marine Craft using Surface Electromyogram (2017)

The causes of crew members' fatigue have been still unclear, though their fatigue was reported as the one of the causes of marine accident. In our previous study, we found that passengers had an exercise load attributable to their postural motion caused by their postural control. However, the muscles that caused postural motion were not clarified. This study investigates the behavior of passengers' postural control against ship motion using surface electromyogram (EMG). Behavior of postural control was evaluated by linear and angular accelerations, exercise load, and muscle activity. Muscle activity was calculated by integrating the surface EMG of the soleus, the vastus lateralis, the lumbar paraspinals and the cervical paraspinals. In addition, regularized muscle activities were calculated by dividing muscle activities at sitting or standing posture by minimum value of these activities in each posture. When passengers were standing, muscle activities of the soleus and the vastus lateralis were larger than the activities that they are sitting posture. We thus found possibility that passengers controlled their postures by using lower limbs.
Multiple peak formation in reversed-phase liquid chromatography of papain (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMultiple peak formation in reversed-phase liquid chromatography of papainS. A. Cohen, K. P. Benedek, Shannian. Dong, Yitzhak. Tapuhi, and B. L. KargerCite this: Anal. Chem. 1984, 56, 2, 217–221Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00266a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00266a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views229Altmetric-Citations106LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Closure of Rabbit Calvarial Critical-Sized Defects Using Protective Composite Allogeneic and Alloplastic Bone Substitutes (2006)

This study evaluated the repair of critical-sized cranial vault defects in thirty New Zealand white rabbits using various allogeneic and alloplastic bone substitutes designed to provide mechanical protection to the brain as well as osteoinductivity. The strategies employed included demineralized bone matrix (DBM), a putty used in combination with a rigid resorbable plating system as a protective covering and calcium phosphate cement (CPC) combined with native partially purified bone morphogenetic protein (BMP). Bilateral critical-sized defects measuring 15 mm in diameter were created in the parietal bones of 30 adult male New Zealand white rabbits. They were divided into three groups with ten animals in each. Group 1 had one defect left unfilled as a control while autogenous bone was placed in the defect on the other side. In Group 2 a rigid resorbable copolymer membrane, Lactosorb (Lorenz Surgical, Jacksonville, Florida), was placed over both defects to cover them and protect the underlying tissues. The pericranial aspect of one defect was left unfilled while the other defect was filled with DBM putty. Group 3 had a CPC, Mimix (Lorenz Surgical, Jacksonville, Florida), placed into one of the defects while the defect on the other side was filled with the same CPC in combination with BMP in a concentration of 25 mg/mL. Bone healing was assessed clinically, radiographically, and histomorphometrically. All unfilled controlled defects, the defects covered with the resorbable Lactosorb membrane and those filled with calcium phosphate cement alone, healed with a fibrous scar. Defects reconstructed with DBM putty in combination with the resorbable Lactosorb membrane and calcium phosphate in combination with BMP healed with bone bridging the entire defect. This was obvious radiographically where the defects appeared completely filled with a dense radiopaque tissue. Histological analysis demonstrated that specimens where DBM putty was used in combination with the resorbable Lactosorb membrane had 67.7% new bone fill at 6 weeks and 84.0% at 12 weeks. Resorption of DBM particles was evidenced by the presence of osteoclastic activity and by the significant decrease in the size of the demineralized bone particles. In the calcium phosphate groups where BMP was added to the bioimplant there was 45.8% new bone formation at 12 weeks. The utilization of a composite consisting of DBM with resorbable Lactosorb membrane or a composite of calcium phosphate cement composite with BMP promoted complete closure of critical-sized calvarial defects in New Zealand white rabbits with viable new bone at 12 weeks. The complete bone bridging observed with these composites suggests that they could be used to enhance the protection of intracranial contents following craniofacial surgical procedures.
Applications of the optical differential thermal analysis (1988)

Abstract ODTA detects temperature contact-less, hence, It expands the upper usable temperature limit of DTA up to 3600°C accordingly suitable for studies of systems where enthalpic changes occur at high temperatures. Application of the computer graphics for the evaluation of the ODTA curves is demonstrated on melting of Y 2 O 3 .Al 2 O 3 and YAlO 3 -GdAlO 3 systems. Measurement errors occurring at temperatures above 1900°C are pointed out and possibilities for their elimination or at least diminution are discussed.
Stimulation of P2 (P2X <sub>7</sub> ) receptors in human dendritic cells induces the release of tissue factor‐bearing microparticles (2007)

Receptors for extracellular nucleotides are the focus of increasing attention for their ability to cause release of plasma membrane vesicles (microparticles, MPs). Here, we show that monocyte-derived human dendritic cells (DCs) stimulated with a P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) agonist undergo a large release of MPs endowed with procoagulant activity. Functional and Western blot studies revealed that MPs contain the membrane-bound form of tissue factor (TF), a glycoprotein acting as essential cofactor of activated factor VII and triggering blood coagulation. Quiescent DCs express the membrane-bound (full length), as well as truncated alternatively spliced TF forms. DC reactivity to anti-TF Abs disappeared almost completely on stimulation with ATP or benzoyl ATP (BzATP), as shown by immunoblot and confocal microscopy analysis. Concurrently, TF reactivity and activity appeared in the vesicular fraction, indicating that MPs are important carriers for the dissemination of full-length TF form. Activity of MP-bound TF, comparable to that of relipidated recombinant TF, was dose dependently inhibited by the addition of a specific anti-human TF antibody. We infer that a large fraction of this protein, and its procoagulant potential, are "deliverable" after physiological or pathological stimuli. These findings might have implications for triggering and propagating coagulation in healthy and atherosclerotic vessels.
Pollutant formation and control/hazardous waste incineration (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPollutant formation and control/hazardous waste incinerationDavid W. PershingCite this: Energy Fuels 1993, 7, 6, 782–785Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ef00042a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ef00042a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views118Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Stereoselective Formation of Tetrahydrofuran Rings via [3 + 2] Annulation: Total Synthesis of Plakortone L (2014)

The [3 + 2] annulation of 2,3-O-isopropylidene-aldehydo-aldose with methallyl ether leads to the stereoselective formation of a substituted tetrahydrofuran system, which is converted to a bicyclic lactone derivative via consecutive deprotection, oxidative cleavage of the terminal diol, oxidation of the resulting lactol, and Barton-McCombie deoxygenation. The efficiency of this process was demonstrated by the first total synthesis of Plakortone L.
A UV Light-Emitting Diode Incorporating GaN Quantum Dots (2003)

The fabrication and evaluation of a UV light-emitting diode (LED) incorporating GaN quantum dots as the active layer is demonstrated. The GaN quantum dots were fabricated on an AlxGa1-xN (x ∼0.1) surface using Si as an antisurfactant. Exposing the AlxGa1-xN surface to the Si antisurfactant prior to GaN growth enabled the formation of quantum dots on a surface where growth by the Stranski-Krastanov mode would not be possible. A fairly high density of dots (1010–1011 cm-2) with controllable dot sizes was achieved. Room temperature luminescence at 360 nm was clearly observed during current injection (cw) into an LED structure including the GaN quantum dots. The origin of the electroluminescence is discussed by comparing it to photoluminescence measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Amines Using a Chiral, Non‐Racemic, Cyclic Sulfinamide. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Nearly optimal vector quantization via linear programming (2003)

The authors present new vector quantization algorithms. The new approach is to formulate a vector quantization problem as a 0-1 integer linear program. They first solve its relaxed linear program by linear programming techniques. Then they transform the linear program solution into a provably good solution for the vector quantization problem. These methods lead to the first known polynomial-time full-search vector quantization codebook design algorithm and tree pruning algorithm with provable worst-case performance guarantees. They also introduce the notion of pseudorandom pruned tree-structured vector quantizers. Initial experimental results on image compression are very encouraging.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Stable Plasma Confinement by Multipole Fields (1961)

A multipole field plasma confinement device is described that can be used in either a linear or a toroidal configuration. It consists of an even number of current carrying rods evenly spaced around the inner face of an outer current carrying element. This inner face is cylindrical (or toroidal). The rods fit, without touching, into smooth indentations in the face of the outer conductor. No B/sub 2/ field is required. The containment time is long compared to the times in which other processes affect the plasma. (T.F.H.)
EFFECT OF GIBBERELLIC ACID ON SUGAR TRANSPORT INTO PETALS OF "MADELON" ROSE FLOWERS DURING BUD OPENING (1991)

ISHS Hortifroid, V International Symposium on Postharvest Physiology of Ornamental Plants; Importance of Cold in Ornamental Horticulture EFFECT OF GIBBERELLIC ACID ON SUGAR TRANSPORT INTO PETALS OF "MADELON" ROSE FLOWERS DURING BUD OPENING