gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phenylbutyric acid reduces amyloid plaques and rescues cognitive behavior in AD transgenic mice (2011)

Trafficking through the secretory pathway is known to regulate the maturation of the APP-cleaving secretases and APP proteolysis. The coupling of stress signaling and pathological deterioration of the brain in Alzheimer's disease (AD) supports a mechanistic connection between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and neurodegeneration. Consequently, small molecular chaperones, which promote protein folding and minimize ER stress, might be effective in delaying or attenuating the deleterious progression of AD. We tested this hypothesis by treating APPswePS1delta9 AD transgenic mice with the molecular chaperone phenylbutyric acid (PBA) for 14 months at a dose of 1 mg PBA g(-1) of body weight in the drinking water. Phenylbutyric acid treatment increased secretase-mediated APP cleavage, but was not associated with any increase in amyloid biosynthesis. The PBA-treated AD transgenic mice had significantly decreased incidence and size of amyloid plaques throughout the cortex and hippocampus. There was no change in total amyloid levels suggesting that PBA modifies amyloid aggregation or pathogenesis independently of biogenesis. The decrease in amyloid plaques was paralleled by increased memory retention, as PBA treatment facilitated cognitive performance in a spatial memory task in both wild-type and AD transgenic mice. The molecular mechanism underlying the cognitive facilitation of PBA is not clear; however, increased levels of both metabotropic and ionotropic glutamate receptors, as well as ADAM10 and TACE, were observed in the cortex and hippocampus of PBA-treated mice. The data suggest that PBA ameliorates the cognitive and pathological features of AD and supports the investigation of PBA as a therapeutic for AD.
A Rate Adaptive Transmission Opportunity for Fairness over IEEE 802.11e Wireless LANs (2007)

The IEEE 802.11e is the extension to enhance the wireless medium access control (MAC) quality of service (QoS) for applications requiring real time services. The IEEE 802.11b is also one of the extensions with the higher and multiple data transmission rates according to the channel condition. However, when the IEEE 802.11e WLANs are used with multi-rate scheme, they suffer unfairness in terms of throughput. In this paper, we propose a rate adaptive transmission opportunity (TXOP) to solve the unfairness with the performance. Our simulation results show that the proposed scheme provides better fairness.
Toughening by Monoclinic Zirconia (1983)

The toughening induced by monoclinic ZrO 2 in the absence of microcracking was investigated, using ZnO as the host material. Toughness levels K c in excess of the host toughness K c M were achieved, attaining a peak toughness K c /K c M ∼1.7, at monoclinic ZrO 2 volume concentrations 0.2. This toughening is attributed to crack/particle interactions, associated with the deflection and bowing of the crack by the residual strain field around the monoclinic ZrO 2 particles.
Early and late consolidation and reconsolidation of memory in the prelimbic cortex (2010)

Motivation and attention can have a profound influence on perception, learning and memory. Neuromodulatory systems, especially the noradrenergic (NE) system, co-vary with psychological states to modulate cortical arousal, influence sensory processing and promote synaptic plasticity. There is even some suggestion that the NE system might facilitate functional recovery after brain damage. Post-synaptic effects of NE in its ubiquitous projection regions have been well studied, but factors controlling activation of NE neurons are less known. The pontine nucleus locus coeruleus (LC) contains the entire population of NE neurons projecting to the forebrain and all cortical and thalamic regions receive NE input. Using single unit recording in freely moving rats, we have been studying neuroanatomical circuits, along with sensory stimuli within their cognitive contexts that control LC firing. Rats are implanted with movable microelectrodes to record activity during a variety of behavioral situations: exploration of novelty in a hole-board, response to tones or odors that predict reward or absence of reward, extinction or reversal of stimulus-reward association. We find that LC-NE neurons respond to novel or salient stimuli, habituate rapidly to respond anew when the stimulus is associated with reward (CS+), particularly in the early stage of learning. Recent experiments suggest that these responses are more related to reward expectancy than to the CS+. Importantly, there is robust LC response to any change in the predictive value of the stimulus, i.e. when new learning must occur. NE released by LC activation will promote the underlying synaptic plasticity.
Evaluation of salivary parameters and dental status in adult hemodialysis patients (2004)

Salivary flow rate of hemodialysis patients was less than the hyposalivary limit. Salivary pH and buffering capacity were both above the reference values, but DMFT index of hemodialysis patients did not differ from that of controls. However, caries and related dental infections may lead to serious problems in infection-prone hemodialysis patients, so these patients should have regular dental examinations and careful treatments.
Acyl coenzyme A‐binding protein (ACBP) is phosphorylated and secreted by retinal Müller astrocytes following protein kinase C activation (2008)

Horizontal optokinetic stimulation of rabbit retina in vivo evokes increased expression of acyl coenzyme A-binding protein (ACBP), also known as 'diazepam binding inhibitor,' from retinal Müller cells. If the expressed ACBP were also secreted by Müller cells, then stimulus-evoked secretion of ACBP could influence the activity of GABA(A) receptor-expressing retinal neurons. In this study, we examine in vitro whether ACBP is secreted by Müller glial cells and Müller-like QNR/K2 cells following stimulation with elevated levels of KCl and phorbol myristic acetate (PMA). KCl and PMA stimulation evoked secretion of threonine-phosphorylated ACBP. A sequence analysis of ACBP shows that it has five potential phosphorylation sites: Two threonine sites fit a protein kinase C phosphorylation pattern. Two threonine sites fit a casein kinase II (CK2) pattern. One serine site fits a CK2 pattern. As CK2 is not expressed in QNR/K2 cells, it is probable that protein kinase C accounts for the phosphorylation of ACBP in these cells and for the PMA-evoked secretion of ACBP. Serine phosphorylation was constitutive. Horizontal optokinetic stimulation increased threonine-phosphorylated ACBP in rabbit retina. Phosphorylation of ACBP may influence its target affinity. We used a proteolytic fragment of ACBP, octadecaneuropeptide (ODN), to investigate how threonine phosphorylation influences its affinity for GABA(A) receptors. Threonine-phosphorylated ODN had a stronger affinity for GABA(A) receptors than did unphosphorylated ODN or unphosphorylated ACBP. We conclude that stimulus-induced Müller cell secretion of phosphorylated ACBP could influence the GABAergic transmission in neighboring retinal neurons.
Hidden Markov model decomposition of speech and noise (2002)

The problem of automatic speech recognition in the presence of interfering signals and noise with statistical characteristics ranging from stationary to fast changing and impulsive is discussed. A technique of signal decomposition using hidden Markov models is described. This is a generalization of conventional hidden Markov modeling that provides an optimal method of decomposing simultaneous processes. The technique exploits the ability of hidden Markov models to model dynamically varying signals in order to accommodate concurrent processes, including interfering signals as complex as speech. This form of signal decomposition has wide implications for signal separation in general and improved speech modeling in particular. The application of decomposition to the problem of recognition of speech contaminated with noise is emphasized.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Targeting MAPK Signaling in Age-Related Macular Degeneration (2016)

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major cause of irreversible blindness affecting elderly people in the world. AMD is a complex multifactorial disease associated with demographic, genetics, and environmental risk factors. It is well established that oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis play critical roles in the pathogenesis of AMD. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways are activated by diverse extracellular stimuli, including growth factors, mitogens, hormones, cytokines, and different cellular stressors such as oxidative stress. They regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. This review addresses the novel findings from human and animal studies on the relationship of MAPK signaling with AMD. The use of specific MAPK inhibitors may represent a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of this debilitating eye disease.
A Tertiary Hospital Based Study on Prevalence of Bacterial Vaginosis in Post- Partum Cases (2019)

Background: The endogenous micro flora contains a variety of bacteria. These are aerobic, facultative and obligate anaerobic bacteria like many important pathogens such as Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus species and besides the normal lactobacilli. These organisms exist in a commensal, synergistic or antagonistic relationship. Methods: This study was conducted in Department of Gynecology in Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Bathinda, Punjab.
Study Population: -50 post-partum cases were subjected in this study. Results: In this study 50 total numbers of cases were included, out of which 60% were belongs to 25-29 age group followed by 20-24 (32%), 30-34 (6%) & 35-40 (2%) age group. 16% infection occur in the post -partum study out of fifty cases caused by different types of organism. Conclusion: This study reveals that in post-partum period, addition of lactobacilli iatrogenically may prove to be useful in prevention of infection.
Effect of Support in Ethanol Oxidation on Molybdenum Oxide (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffect of Support in Ethanol Oxidation on Molybdenum OxideWeimin Zhang, Anantha Desikan, and S. Ted OyamaCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 39, 14468–14476Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100039a039https://doi.org/10.1021/j100039a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views910Altmetric-Citations112LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
High-Resolution Mass Spectra of Compounds Emerging from a Gas Chromatograph. (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHigh-Resolution Mass Spectra of Compounds Emerging from a Gas Chromatograph.J. T. Watson and K. BiemannCite this: Anal. Chem. 1964, 36, 6, 1135–1137Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1964https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60212a001RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views176Altmetric-Citations166LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (368 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Production of lovastatin from rice straw using Aspergillus terreus in solid state fermentation (2013)

Responce surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize  production of lovastatin from rice straw in solid state fermentation by Aspergillus terreus ATCC 74135. A four-factor-five-level central composite design (CCD) was used  to examine the combining effects of temprature, moisture, inoculum and pH on lovastatin production.  Results of the CCD study showed  that only temperature and moisture contents significantly affected (P<0.01) lovastatin production. The maximum lovastatin production from experimentation and predicted by the CCD were 351.54 and 357.54 mg/kgDM, respectively, under the optimal conditions of  51.19% moisture, 28.29°C incubation temperature, inoculum size of 10.26% and pH of 6.31. Results of the present study showed that lovastatin can be produced from rice straw in solid state fermentation and the lovastatin enriched rice straw has the potential to be used as feed ingredient for reduction of ruminal methanogenesis.   Key words: Lovastatin, solid state fermentation, Aspergillus terreus, rice straw, responce surface methodology.
Neurodegeneration : the molecular pathology of dementia and movement disorders (2003)

Chapter 1: Introduction.Chapter 2: Alzheimer's Disease and Ageing.Chapter 3:Tauopathies.Chapter 4: Synucleinopathies.Chapter 5:Trinucleotide Repeat Disorders.Chapter 6: Prion Disorders.Chapter 7: Frontotemporal Degeneration.Chapter 8: Motor Neurone Disorders.Chapter 9: Other Neurodegenerative Disorders.Contributors.Acknowledgments.Index.
Supramolecular assemblies of triblock copolymers with hexanuclear molybdenum clusters for sensing antibiotics in aqueous solutions via energy transfer (2014)

Water soluble hexanuclear molybdenum cluster assembled with triblock copolymer gives luminescent response on ion-pairing with difloxacin through energy transfer.
Depression in later life: a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. (2004)

Depression in elderly persons is widespread, often undiagnosed, and usually untreated. The current system of care is fragmented and inadequate, and staff at residential and other facilities often are ill-equipped to recognize and treat patients with depression. Because there is no reliable diagnostic test, a careful clinical evaluation is essential. Depressive illness in later life should be treated with antidepressants that are appropriate for use in geriatric patients. A comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach, including consideration of electroconvulsive treatment in some cases, is important. The overall long-term prognosis for elderly depressed patients is good.
An experimental analysis of DC excitation of transformers by geomagnetically induced currents (1994)

DC excitation of transformers due to geomagnetically induced currents was studied by model experiments. First, differences in the DC excitation phenomenon due to the iron core structure were studied using three typical small-scale models. The results verified that single-phase three-legged cores were most susceptible and three-phase three-legged cores least susceptible to such excitation effects. Secondly, the local heating due to DC excitation was quantitatively assessed using large-scale core form and shell form models with the most susceptible single-phase three-legged cores. The results demonstrated that the maximum temperature rise was approximately 110/spl deg/C due to the GIC (200 A/3 phases).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Simultaneous Analysis of Bacterioferritin Gene Expression and Intracellular Iron Status in <i>Pseudomonas putida</i> KT2440 by Using a Rapid Dual Luciferase Reporter Assay (2008)

A dual luciferase reporter (DLR) system utilizing firefly and Renilla luciferases was developed and tested in a model rhizobacterium, Pseudomonas putida KT2440. The DLR was applied to simultaneously analyze expression of three putative bacterioferritin genes (bfralpha, bfrbeta, and bfr) and assess the cellular iron status of strain KT2440 by monitoring expression of the Fur-regulated fepA-fes promoter. The DLR proved to be reproducible and sensitive. Expression of bfralpha (PP0482) and bfrbeta (PP1082) was consistent with expectations for bacterioferritin and varied directly with the iron level. However, expression of bfr (PP4856) was inversely related to the iron concentration and it was thus more likely to encode a Dps-like protein rather than a bacterioferritin.
Successful Treatment of REM Sleep Behavior Disorder With Sodium Oxybate (2009)

These novel findings indicate that sodium oxybate should be considered in RBD when other treatments are ineffective or poorly tolerated. They also suggest that RBD and cataplexy may in part share a common pathophysiology.
Verapamil corrects abnormal metabolism of pancreatic islets and insulin secretion in phosphate depletion (1992)

Phosphate depletion (PD) causes impaired insulin secretion and metabolic derangements in pancreatic islets. We studied PD, pair-weighed (PW), and PD and PW rats treated with verapamil (PD-V and PW-V) to examine the mechanisms of these derangements. Cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+]i) in PD islets was higher than that in PW, PD-V, and PW-V islets, and the values in the latter three groups were not different. Both basal and stimulated ATP in PD islets were lower than those in PW, PW-V, or PD-V islets. The maximum velocity (Vmax) of Ca(2+)-ATPase and the Km and Vmax of Na+,K(+)-ATPase were reduced in PD islets. In both PD-V and PW-V, the Vmax of Ca(2+)-ATPase was higher than that in PD, but lower than that in PW. Both initial and second phases of insulin secretion by PD islets were lower than those by PW and PW-V islets. In PD-V rats, insulin secretion was greater than that in PD rats, but only the second phase was significantly higher. The data are consistent with either of the following possibilities: 1) PD causes a change in the permeability of islets, allowing increased entry of Ca2+ into them and a fall in ATP of islets; the latter would impair the activity of both ATPases, leading to reduced Ca2+ extrusion from islets and, hence, an elevation in their [Ca2+]i; or 2) the primary defect in PD is a reduction in the activities of ATPases of islets due to the fall in ATP secondary to phosphorus deficiency. The decreased Ca2+ extrusion that ensues, even in the face of normal Ca2+ entry, will result in high [Ca2+]i. In either of these scenarios the rise in [Ca2+]i would inhibit mitochondrial oxygen consumption and ATP production, further lowering the ATP content of the islets. The higher [Ca2+]i and low ATP of PD underlie the impaired insulin secretion. Verapamil, by blocking normal or augmented Ca2+ entry into the islets, mitigates or prevents the derangements in islet function and metabolism.
Generalized lipodystrophy, congenital and acquired (lipoatrophy) (1996)

This review is based on longitudinal studies on our seven patients with congenital generalized lipodystrophy, our patient with acquired generalized lipodystrophy, and published papers on these subjects. An inability to store energy in adipose tissue is of pathogenetic importance. In congenital lipodystrophy, insulin resistance is present from birth, resulting in hyperinsulinaemia, dyslipidaemia. and insulin-resistant diabetes with an anabolic syndrome worsened by a voracious appetite. Clinically, we observed increased height velocity in pre-school age children, and organomegaly with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, which seems to be lethal in early adulthood: three of our patients died at the ages of 24, 32 and 37 years. The oldest alive, 39 years, suffers from stenocardia. Regarding treatment, it is most important to reduce energy consumption. The congenital form is recessively inherited. The aetiology may be related to insulin receptor or postreceptor mechanisms. Acquired generalized lipodystrophy seems to be an autoimmune disorder with secondary destruction of the adipose organ: the anabolic syndrome with insulin-resistant diabetes is secondary. Our patient died when 24 years old from pneumonia.
Parallel program debugging using scalable visualization (2002)

The paper describes methods and tools for debugging parallel programs by visualization and animation of the execution behavior of the programs. Based on an evaluation and classification of existing visualization environments, the visualization and animation tool VISTOP (VISualization TOol for Parallel Systems) was developed as part of the integrated tool environment TOPSYS (TOols for Parallel SYStems) for programming distributed memory multiprocessors. VISTOP supports the interactive online visualization of message passing programs based on various views, in particular, a process graph based concurrency view for detecting synchronization and communication bugs.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Preparation and Stabilization of Ag Nanoparticles in 1-Amino-4-methylpiperazine (2011)

Uniform Ag nanoparticles ( (ehac = 2-ethylhexylammonium carbamate; eha = 2-ethylhexylamine) was used as an Ag-precursor, whereas the usage of a salt such as showed the formation of Ag nanoparticles in larger and irregular size (30 - 500 nm). The Ag nanoparticles (
Prevalence, Incidence, and Treatments of Dupuytren's Disease in the United States: Results from a Population-Based Study (2010)

Results from the current study indicate a number of unmet medical needs, so strategies to raise physician awareness of disease symptoms and effective treatment options may be helpful.
An Autologous Fibrin Tissue Adhesive With Greater Bonding Power (1995)

The improved AFTA, AFTA-E, is a superior alternative to the conventional AFTA-A. Furthermore, AFTA-E can be manufactured before surgery and stored, thus minimizing preparation time during surgery.