gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Customizable and scalable fuzzy join for big data (2019)

Fuzzy join is an important primitive for data cleaning. The ability to customize fuzzy join is crucial to allow applications to address domain-specific data quality issues such as synonyms and abbreviations. While efficient indexing techniques exist for single-node implementations of customizable fuzzy join, the state-of-the-art scale-out techniques do not support customization, and exhibit poor performance and scalability characteristics. We describe the design of a scale-out fuzzy join operator that supports customization. We use a locality-sensitive-hashing (LSH) based signature scheme, and introduce optimizations that result in significant speed up with negligible impact on recall. We evaluate our implementation on the Azure Databricks version of Spark using several real-world and synthetic data sets. We observe speedups exceeding 50X compared to the best-known prior scale-out technique, and close to linear scalability with data size and number of nodes.
Magnetic and Magneto-Optic Properties of CoFe/Pd Multilayers (1998)

The effect of substitution of Fe for Co on the magnetic and magneto-optic properties of Co/Pd multilayers is studied over a range of composition and sputter gas pressure. The substitution of Fe for Co leads to a decrease in the coercivity and to a degradation in the shape of M-H loop. The degradation in the shape of M-H loop has been explained on the basis of two step magnetization reversal process. Similar to Co/Pd multilayers, the coercivity increases with sputter gas pressure and the magnetization switching mechanism of the multilayers changes with the sputter gas pressure of the underlayer. The Kerr rotation at 400nm decreases with Fe and the Curie temperature does not show much variation with the addition of Fe up to 24at%.
Disorder and density-of-states effects on the Hall constant in amorphous transition-metal alloys (1989)

The magnitude of the Hall coefficient ${R}_{H}$ of amorphous ${\mathrm{Cu}}_{\mathrm{x}}$${\mathrm{Ti}}_{100\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{x}}$ and ${\mathrm{Cu}}_{\mathrm{x}}$${\mathrm{Zr}}_{100\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{x}}$ alloys, prepared by rapid quenching from the melt as well as by sputtering, is found to decrease with increasing temperature. This temperature dependence and the positive sign of ${R}_{H}$ are discussed with respect to the presence of d electrons and disorder. Neglecting vertex corrections, we study the effects of a finite spread in the electron's spectral function. Short-range order is included, and hybridization is taken into account in a two-band model. It is shown that under certain conditions lifetime broadening can lead to a positive Hall constant. Below about 25 K the temperature dependence can be described by a ${T}^{1/2}$ law for the most accurate measurements. This finding gives support to corrections due to electron-electron interaction that are consistent with the low-temperature conductivity and predictions from perturbation theories for coherence effects in disordered conductors.
Materials Issues for Micromachines Development - ASCI Program Plan (2000)

This report summarizes materials issues associated with advanced micromachines development at Sandia. The intent of this report is to provide a perspective on the scope of the issues and suggest future technical directions, with a focus on computational materials science. Materials issues in surface micromachining (SMM), Lithographic-Galvanoformung-Abformung (LIGA: lithography, electrodeposition, and molding), and meso-machining technologies were identified. Each individual issue was assessed in four categories: degree of basic understanding; amount of existing experimental data capability of existing models; and, based on the perspective of component developers, the importance of the issue to be resolved. Three broad requirements for micromachines emerged from this process. They are: (1) tribological behavior, including stiction, friction, wear, and the use of surface treatments to control these, (2) mechanical behavior at microscale, including elasticity, plasticity, and the effect of microstructural features on mechanical strength, and (3) degradation of tribological and mechanical properties in normal (including aging), abnormal and hostile environments. Resolving all the identified critical issues requires a significant cooperative and complementary effort between computational and experimental programs. The breadth of this work is greater than any single program is likely to support. This report should serve as a guide to plan micromachines development at Sandia.
Anti-proliferative activities of selected Chinese medicinal herbs against human cancer cell lines (2013)

The main objective of this study was to investigate the anti-proliferative properties of selected traditional Chinese medicinal herbs with a view to discover potential candidates for the isolation of anti-cancer compounds and also for designing new anti-cancer herbal formulations. The plants selected for this study have ethno pharmacological importance and currently used in Chinese medicine. The Methylthiazolyldiphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was conducted to determine the anti-proliferative properties of the aqueous and ethanol extracts of the selected herbs against one control cell line and 5 human carcinoma cell lines. The key herbs found in this study that are expected to have excellent future potential are: Ligustrum lucidum, Paeonia suffuticosa, Sarcandra glabra, Scutellaria baicalensis, and Sanguisora officinalis. The study also indicated that the ethanol extracts of the selected herbs were generally more effective than the aqueous extracts. The findings of this study provide strong evidence that some of the medicinal plants examined are potential candidates for the isolation of anti-cancer compounds and also for designning new anti-cancer herbal formulations.
A hybrid simulation framework for the evaluation of common radio resource management scenarios (2011)

We present a hybrid modeling framework with interacting simulative and analytic submodels for the efficient evaluation of common radio resource management (CRRM). It enables a cost–benefit investigation of different CRRM algorithms and architectures. Centralized as well as decentralized scenarios can be clearly defined by five standard components, namely the radio access system, the environment, the user equipment, the CRRM information manager, and the CRRM decider. The costs and time consumption of CRRM operations are taken into account via chargeable messages. The clarity of the model enables an efficient investigation of CRRM algorithms based on optimization theory, game theory, physical models, and other methods. The resulting framework has been implemented as a hybrid simulation model using the discrete event simulation system OMNeT++. A convenient and straightforward integration of different wireless network technologies and user service demands is also supported; models for the universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) and the global system for mobile communications/enhanced general packet radio service (GSM/EGPRS) are already integrated. The scope of the proposed framework is demonstrated by the evaluation of realistic scenarios.
Models for Intermediates in Metallocene-Catalyzed Alkene Polymerization:  Alkene Dissociation from Cp<sub>2</sub>Zr[η<sup>1</sup>,η<sup>2</sup>-CH<sub>2</sub>Si(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CHCH<sub>2</sub>][B(C<sub>6</sub>F<sub>5</sub>)<sub>4</sub>] (2001)

The bis(allyldimethylsilylmethyl)bis(cyclopentadienyl)zirconium complex Cp2Zr[CH2Si(CH3)2CH2CHCH2]2 (5) reacted rapidly with [(C6H5)2(CH3)NH][B(C6F5)4] in CD2Cl2 at −78 °C to form the cationic zirconium−alkyl−alkene complex Cp2Zr[η1,η2-CH2Si(CH3)2CH2CHCH2][B(C6F5)4] (6). Low-temperature 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy established the coordination of the tethered alkene to the d0 metal center. Line shape analysis of the coalescence of the diastereotopic Cp ligand resonances allowed measurement of the alkene dissociation energy barrier [ΔG⧧(−28 °C) = 12.7 ± 0.8 kcal mol-1].
Infrequent Detection of Yersinia Enterocolitica in Childhood Diarrhea in Bangladesh (1986)

In a search for Yersinia infection in Bangladesh, one isolate of Y. enterocolitica serotype 0:3 was obtained from stools of 1,450 children with fever and diarrhea and one of Y. enterocolitica serotype 0:8 was recovered from intestinal contents of 80 fatal diarrheal cases during postmortem examination. These results suggest that Yersinia infection is an infrequent cause of tropical diarrhea.
Measured Energy Savings and Economics of Retrofitting Existing Single-Family Homes: An Update of the BECA-B Database (Vol. I and II) (1991)

Ichanges in space heating usage (median within 15%).Most of the projects in this last group were also R&D studies, which tended to have somewhat more accurate predictions, either because of better input data and models and more experienced users, or because the predictions were made "after the fact" (with known pre-and post-retrofit energy use) rather than "blind" (see Chapter 7 for more detailed discussion).Retrofit savings predictions are likely to continue to improve, as energy audit methods become more sophisticated and data on actual measured savings are fed back into the auditing and analysis process. Research Needs and Future WorkData collected since the last BECA-B update in 1984 have begun to fill many gaps in our understanding of cost-effective ways to save energy in single-family homes.However, more and better data and analyses are needed on improved techniques for retrofitting manufactured housing, cooling retrofits, impacts of retrofits on peak electricity demand, reduction of losses from duct work, effects of occupant behavior on energy savings (and persistence), submetering of measures that produce small savings but may still be cost-effective, and retrofit performance in mild and cooling climates.-6- ..
Differential expression of CD40 ligand on T cell subsets. Implications for different roles of CD45RA+ and CD45RO+ cells in IgE production (1996)

Physical contact between human T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes is required for the induction of IgE production. In the present study, we examined the abilities of CD45RA+ and CD45RO+ human T cell subsets to provide help for IgE production by human peripheral blood B cells in the presence of IL-4. Purified peripheral CD45RA+ T cells are much better inducers of IgE synthesis than are CD45RO+ T cells. Activation of CD45RA+ T cells, but not CD45RO+ T cells, via the TCR/CD3 complex is sufficient to confer the ability to provide IgE help, suggesting that an inducible T cell surface molecule plays an important role in this system. The CD40 ligand, an inducible T cell surface molecule, is expressed at higher levels on CD45RA+ T cells as compared with CD45RO+ T cells following CD3-stimulation. Blocking of the CD40-CD40 ligand interaction in vitro by the addition of a soluble form of B cell CD40 Ag completely blocks IgE production induced by CD45RA+ T cells. Finally, the in vitro conversion of CD45RA+ T cells to the CD45RO+ phenotype is accompanied by a loss in the ability of these cells to express the CD40 ligand in response to anti-CD3 stimulation as well as a loss in their ability to provide IgE help. These results suggest that both CD45 subsets may play significant and distinct roles in the induction of IgE production under physiologic conditions: CD45RO+ T cells provide IL-4 and the CD45RA+ subset provides the second signal via the CD40 ligand.
Impaired Right Ventricular Calcium Cycling Is an Early Risk Factor in R14del-Phospholamban Arrhythmias (2021)

The inherited mutation (R14del) in the calcium regulatory protein phospholamban (PLN) is linked to malignant ventricular arrhythmia with poor prognosis starting at adolescence. However, the underlying early mechanisms that may serve as prognostic factors remain elusive. This study generated humanized mice in which the endogenous gene was replaced with either human wild type or R14del-PLN and addressed the early molecular and cellular pathogenic mechanisms. R14del-PLN mice exhibited stress-induced impairment of atrioventricular conduction, and prolongation of both ventricular activation and repolarization times in association with ventricular tachyarrhythmia, originating from the right ventricle (RV). Most of these distinct electrocardiographic features were remarkably similar to those in R14del-PLN patients. Studies in isolated cardiomyocytes revealed RV-specific calcium defects, including prolonged action potential duration, depressed calcium kinetics and contractile parameters, and elevated diastolic Ca-levels. Ca-sparks were also higher although SR Ca-load was reduced. Accordingly, stress conditions induced after contractions, and inclusion of the CaMKII inhibitor KN93 reversed this proarrhythmic parameter. Compensatory responses included altered expression of key genes associated with Ca-cycling. These data suggest that R14del-PLN cardiomyopathy originates with RV-specific impairment of Ca-cycling and point to the urgent need to improve risk stratification in asymptomatic carriers to prevent fatal arrhythmias and delay cardiomyopathy onset.
Shape of the silicon absorption coefficient spectrum near 163 eV (1990)

We report high precision, high spectral resolution measurements of the absorption coefficient of silicon in the spectral region from 1.61 to 1.65 eV. Our data show a smooth absorption spectrum with no discernable features in this spectral region where structure has been reported previously. Our data and analysis suggest that the second indirect transition in silicon has yet to be detected in absorption coefficient spectra.
Regioselective Hydration of Alkynoates: A FacileSynthesis of γ-Keto Esters (2009)

The authors demonstrate here an efficient synthesis of γ-keto esters via an intramolecular reaction of alkynecarboxylic acid esters in the presence of catalytic amounts of sodium tetrachloroaurate(III) hydrate. The reaction proceeds at room temperature, is very atom-economical and applicable to a wide range of substrates. The products are generally obtained in good to very good yields.
Studies on Hydrogen Exchange. XII. Reaction Mechanism for Hydrogen Exchange of C-8 Hydrogen of Purine Ribosides (1971)

The reaction mechanism for the hydrogen exchange of C-8 hydrogens of purine ribosides was discussed on the basis of the pD-rate profiles and the effect of 6-substituents on the rate. It was shown that the rate depended on concentrations of the purine and D2O and that the observed second-order rate constant was expressed as kOD-KD2O/Ka (N7) where kOD-was the rate constant for hydrogen exchange of N7-protonated purines by attack with the OD-, KD2O was the dissociation constant of D2O, and Ka (N7) was the dissociation constant of N7-protonated purines.
From Surveillance to Assistance: Optimizing Care of Dementia Patients by Intelligent Behavioural Analysis. Introduction into Opdemiva* *sponsored by funds of the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and the Free State of Saxony as a Diagnosis-related Ambient Assisted Living (AALl) - System. (2015)

In the course of demographic change an increasing number of dementia patients is predicted. More elderly desire to remain longer self-determined at their familiar domestic surroundings while declining disposability of nursing staff is prognosticated. Modern AAL-systems offer the opportunity to tackle this challenge. In order to meet the needs of dementia patients, a prospective AAL-system should discern people's activities of daily living (ADLs). Regarding to their complexity, in order to generate sophisticated assistance, the system needs to integrate harmonically into the domestic environment without any interference on ongoing activities of those concerned. OPDEMIVA ascertains possibilities in real-time-recognizing of ADLs applying innovative contactless optical measurement sensors with focusing on the detection of high-risk behavioural patterns. An interdisciplinary research team of technical and health-care experts was involved in the mutual project. Based on examination of the list of ADLs and preconceiving both aspects of medical importance and technical feasibility, a subset of relevant behavioural patterns was identified. An appropriate technical system based on optical smart sensor technology for ADLs detection was developed and preliminarily tested. In preliminary tests several fundamental ADLs, e.g. movement and recreation could be detected with high reliability while possible deficits like motionlessness over a defined period became derivable. Smart sensor based detection of dementia-related high-risk behavioural patterns requires extensive detailed examination of capabilities and needs of persons concerned. Patient's privacy and ethic concerns are of high relevance. Results gained as yet imperatively demand further research.
Faseroptischer 1xN-Schalter auf Basis einer Inchwormplattform (2005)

Zusammenfassung: In dieser Studienarbeit wurde ein optischer 1xN-Schalter fur Multimode-Lichtwellenleiter entwickelt. Als Antrieb dient die am Institut fur Elektromechanische Konstruktion entstandene Inchwormplattform. Verwendung kann der Schalter beispielsweise als optischer Multiplexer beim sequentiellen Spektroskopieren mehrerer Proben finden. In dieser Arbeit werden verschiedene Prinizipien zum Schalten von Licht mittels einer linearen Bewegung betrachtet. Das ausgewahltete Prinzip benotigt neben den Fasern keine weiteren optischen Elemente. So ist es einfach miniaturisierbar, da die Herstellung oder Beschaltung von kleinen optischen Elementen entfallt. Der Schalter basiert auf direkter Faser-Faserkopplung. Der Koppelabstand ist mit 100 µm so gewahlt, dass die auserhalb der Lichtwellenleiter auftretenden Dampfungen wellenlangenunabhangig sind. Dies ist bei Spektroskopieanwendungen wichtig, da sonst eine Verfalschung der Messung eintritt. Alle Fasern werden von derselben Seite in den Aufbau gefuhrt, so dass sie auch nach Einbau des Schalters in einen Schrank noch zuganglich sind. Der Schalter arbeitet bidirektional, das heist, er kann auch als Demultiplexer eingesetzt werden. Von den am Markt erhaltlichen optischen Multiplexern unterscheidet sich der in dieser Arbeit entwickelte durch die hohe mogliche Anzahl an Eingangen, die nur durch den Stellweg des Antriebes und den Faserdurchmesser begrenzt ist. Die erwartete Einfugedampfung liegt bei 2 dB, die Schaltzeiten im Bereich bis zu 2 Sekunden. Des Weiteren wurde im Rahmen dieser Arbeit ein Messplatz aufgebaut, der die Charakterisierung der Einfugedampfung des Schalters ermoglicht.
Atrophy and Neoplastic Transformation of the Ileal Pouch Mucosa in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis and Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (2003)

Patients with ulcerative colitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis with an ileal reservoir are more prone to developing mucosal atrophy in the pouch and seem to have a higher risk of neoplastic transformation in the pouch mucosa than patients with ulcerative colitis without sclerosing cholangitis.
Measurement of mesothelioma on thoracic CT scans: A comparison of manual and computer‐assisted techniques (2004)

Our purpose in this study was to evaluate the variability of manual mesothelioma tumor thickness measurements in computed tomography (CT) scans and to assess the relative performance of six computerized measurement algorithms. The CT scans of 22 patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma were collected. In each scan, an initial observer identified up to three sites in each of three CT sections at which tumor thickness measurements were to be made. At each site, five observers manually measured tumor thickness through a computer interface. Three observers repeated these measurements during three separate sessions. Inter- and intra-observer variability in the manual measurement of tumor thickness was assessed. Six automated measurement algorithms were developed based on the geometric relationship between a specified measurement site and the automatically extracted lung regions. Computer-generated measurements were compared with manual measurements. The tumor thickness measurements of different observers were highly correlated (r > or = 0.99); however, the 95% limits of agreement for relative inter-observer difference spanned a range of 30%. Tumor thickness measurements generated by the computer algorithms also correlated highly with the average of observer measurements (r > or = 0.93). We have developed computerized techniques for the measurement of mesothelioma tumor thickness in CT scans. These techniques achieved varying levels of agreement with measurements made by human observers.
A study on 3‐level/2‐level weighted PRML to (1,7) code at the optical disk recorder (2000)

The bit error rate of a (1,7) code for a digital optical disk recorder when the code is regenerated by PRML combining partial response equalization and 3-level/2-level weighted 4-state Viterbi decoding is derived and compared by simulation with the ideal regenerated waveform (Gaussian waveform). It is found that the bit error is best when the weight w is 0.625 for 106 symbols of data. For a shortest bit length of 0.28 μm, the bit error rate (BER) is 10–4 at an SN ratio of 17.5 dB and zero error is obtained at 20 dB. Also, at the shortest bit length of 0.26 μm, the BER is 10–4 at an SN ratio of 19.5 dB and zero error is obtained at 22 dB. These results are 3 dB better than the case of 3-level 4-state Viterbi decoding (w = 1) and 7 dB better than 2-level 4-state Viterbi decoding (w = 0). Hence, practical realization of the shortest bit of 0.26 μm is found promising. © 1999 Scripta Technica, Electron Comm Jpn Pt 2, 83(1): 7–16, 2000
Comparison of Vascular Response to Zotarolimus-Eluting Stent vs Paclitaxel-Eluting Stent Implantation - Pooled IVUS Results From the ZoMaxx I and II Trials - (2010)

These IVUS results demonstrate a similar incidence of severe narrowing between these 2 DES. There was a moderate increase in neointimal hyperplasia that was associated with a greater extent of neointimal coverage in ZES compared with PES.
Purification, crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of phosphoglucose isomerase from the hyperthermophilic archaeon<i>Pyrococcus furiosus</i> (2003)

The glycolytic enzyme phosphoglucose isomerase catalyses the reversible isomerization of glucose 6-phosphate to fructose 6-phosphate. The phosphoglucose isomerase from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus, which shows no sequence similarity to any known bacterial or eukaryotic phosphoglucose isomerase, has been cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli, purified and subsequently crystallized by the hanging-drop method of vapour diffusion using 1.6 M sodium citrate as the precipitant at pH 6.5. Multiple-wavelength anomalous dispersive X-ray data have been collected to a maximum resolution of 1.92 A on a single selenomethionine-incorporated crystal. This crystal belongs to space group C2, with approximate unit-cell parameters a = 84.7, b = 42.4, c = 57.3 A, beta = 120.6 degrees and a monomer in the asymmetric unit.
Analysis of the flagellin (hag) gene of alkalophilic Bacillus sp. C-125 (1992)

Motility of the alkalophilic Bacillus sp. C-125, a flagellate bacterium, was demonstrated to be Na(+)- and pH-dependent. Flagellin protein from this strain was purified to homogeneity and the N-terminal sequence determined. Using the hag gene of Bacillus subtilis as a probe, the hag gene of Bacillus sp. C-125 was identified and cloned into Escherichia coli. Sequencing of this hag gene revealed that it encodes a protein of 272 amino acids (M(r) 29,995). The predicted N terminal sequence of this protein was identical to that determined by N-terminal sequencing of the flagellin protein from strain C-125. The alkalophilic Bacillus sp. C-125 flagellin shares homology with other known flagellins in both the N- and C-terminal regions. The middle portion, however, shows considerable differences, even from that of flagellin from the related species, B. subtilis.