gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Study of Fatigue Crack Growth in Shot Peened Spring Steel (2004)

Antifatigue failure technology take an important the part of current industries. Currently, the shot peening is used for removing the defect from the surface of steel and improving the fatigue strength on surface. Therefore in this paper the effect of compressive residual stress by shot peening on fatigue crack growth characteristics in stress ratio(R=0.1, 0.3, 0.6)was investigated with considering fracture mechanics. There is difference between shot peening specimen and unpeening specimen. Fatigue crack growth rate of shot peening specimen was lower than that of unpeening specimen. Fatigue lift shows more improvement in the shot peening material than in the unpeening material. And compressive residual stress of surface on the shot peening processed operate resistance force of fatigue crack propagation. That is the constrained force about plasticity deformation was strengthened by resultant stress, which resulted from plasticity deformation and compressive residual stress in the process of fatigue crack propagation.
MicroRNA-188 regulates age-related switch between osteoblast and adipocyte differentiation (2015)

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) exhibit an age-dependent reduction in osteogenesis that is accompanied by an increased propensity toward adipocyte differentiation. This switch increases adipocyte numbers and decreases the number of osteoblasts, contributing to age-related bone loss. Here, we found that the level of microRNA-188 (miR-188) is markedly higher in BMSCs from aged compared with young mice and humans. Compared with control mice, animals lacking miR-188 showed a substantial reduction of age-associated bone loss and fat accumulation in bone marrow. Conversely, mice with transgenic overexpression of miR-188 in osterix+ osteoprogenitors had greater age-associated bone loss and fat accumulation in bone marrow relative to WT mice. Moreover, using an aptamer delivery system, we found that BMSC-specific overexpression of miR-188 in mice reduced bone formation and increased bone marrow fat accumulation. We identified histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) and RPTOR-independent companion of MTOR complex 2 (RICTOR) as the direct targets of miR-188. Notably, BMSC-specific inhibition of miR-188 by intra-bone marrow injection of aptamer-antagomiR-188 increased bone formation and decreased bone marrow fat accumulation in aged mice. Together, our results indicate that miR-188 is a key regulator of the age-related switch between osteogenesis and adipogenesis of BMSCs and may represent a potential therapeutic target for age-related bone loss.
Antiapoptotic Effect of Serum and Glucocorticoid-Inducible Protein Kinase Is Mediated by Novel Mechanism Activating IκB Kinase (2005)

Serum and glucocorticoid inducible protein kinase (SGK) plays a crucial role in promoting cell survival, but the mechanisms for this response are not clear. We show that SGK is involved in the regulation of apoptosis in breast cancer cells by modulating the transcriptional activity of nuclear transcription factor kappaB (NF-kappaB). High levels of SGK expression were observed in human breast cancer samples. When SGK was reduced the apoptotic rate increased, and increased SGK activity prevents serum withdrawal-induced apoptosis. SGK-induced cell survival was abolished by a dominant-negative form of IkappaB kinase beta (IKKbeta, K44A) or a null mutation of IKKbeta in mouse embryonic fibroblast cells indicating involvement of the NF-kappaB pathway. Serum-induced SGK or increased expression of SGK activated NF-kappaB transcriptional activity, whereas small interference RNA to SGK blocked NF-kappaB activity. Coexpression of SGK and IKKbeta significantly increased the activation of NF-kappaB (versus expression of IKKbeta alone). Expression of dominant-negative IKKbeta K44A, IkappaBalpha AA, and kinase-dead SGK (127KM) blocked the ability of SGK to stimulate NF-kappaB activity, suggesting that IKKbeta is a target of SGK. We also show that SGK enhances the ability of IKKbeta to phosphorylate endogenous IkappaBalpha in cells or recombinant glutathione S-transferase-IkappaBalpha in vitro and increases IkappaBalpha degradation; SGK physically associates with and activates IKKbeta in MDA231 cells via phosphorylation of Ser(181) in IKKbeta. Taken together, we conclude that SGK acts as an oncogene in breast cancer cells through activation of the IKK-NF-kappaB pathway, thereby preventing apoptosis. Blocking SGK expression/activity represents a potential therapeutic approach for breast cancer treatment.
Functional substitution identifies a cell survival promoting domain common to adenovirus E1B 19 kDa and Bcl-2 proteins. (1995)

The adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein provides a cell survival function during adenovirus infection and facilitates efficient virus replication by preventing premature cell death. These functions resemble those performed by the protein coded by the proto-oncogene Bcl-1. The Bcl-1 protein, which provides a survival function in cells exposed to a number of cell death-inducing stimuli, can substitute for the 19 kDa protein during adenovirus infection. Although these two survival- promoting proteins are not overtly related by primary amino acid sequence, they appear to share short homologous sequences. In order to determine if these sequence motifs constitute common functional domains, we carried out domain exchanges between the 19 kDa and Bcl-2 proteins. Our results indicate that a seven amino acid region of the Bcl-2 protein (108-YRRDFAE-114) can efficiently substitute for the corresponding 19 kDa domain (47-YKWEFEE-53). Mutagenizing this domain in Bcl-2 abolishes the survival promoting activity of Bcl-2. Substitution of the kDa sequences into Bcl-2 restores the survival promoting activity, albeit at reduced levels. Our results suggest that this domain (designated NH1) may constitute a common functional domain for the 19 kDa protein and survival promoting members of the Bcl-2 family of proteins.
El grupo de Poincaré y revestimientos de un grupo topológico (1969)

Esta nota divulgativa tiene por objeto el estudio del grupo de Poincare de un grupo topologico lo mismo que de ciertas propiedades de los revestimientos conexos y localmente arcoconexos de un grupo topologico.
Decoupled DIMM (2009)

The widespread use of multicore processors has dramatically increased the demands on high bandwidth and large capacity from memory systems. In a conventional DDR2/DDR3 DRAM memory system, the memory bus and DRAM devices run at the same data rate. To improve memory bandwidth, we propose a new memory system design called decoupled DIMM that allows the memory bus to operate at a data rate much higher than that of the DRAM devices. In the design, a synchronization buffer is added to relay data between the slow DRAM devices and the fast memory bus; and memory access scheduling is revised to avoid access conflicts on memory ranks. The design not only improves memory bandwidth beyond what can be supported by current memory devices, but also improves reliability, power efficiency, and cost effectiveness by using relatively slow memory devices. The idea of decoupling, precisely the decoupling of bandwidth match between memory bus and a single rank of devices, can also be applied to other types of memory systems including FB-DIMM.
First Report of <i>Bipolaris oryzae</i> Causing Leaf Spot of Switchgrass in Mississippi (2010)

'Alamo' switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) seedlings growing in a soilless mix exhibiting dark brown, irregular-shaped foliar lesions with black borders were submitted to the Mississippi State University Plant Disease Diagnostic Laboratory in the summer of 2009 from a local forest products company. Symptomatic tissues were plated onto water agar (WA) and incubated for 21 days on a laboratory bench top with a 12-h photoperiod at 22°C. An asexual, sporulating, dematiaceous hyphomycete identified as Bipolaris oryzae (Breda de Haan) Shoemaker was observed. Conidiophores were single, mostly straight, multiseptate, brown, and ranging from 138 to 306 × 7.7 to 15.3 μm and averaged 221.6 × 10.7 μm. Conidia were golden brown, multiseptate, ranging from 3 to 10 septa, straight to slightly curved to fusoid, wider midway, and tapering toward the terminal cells. Conidia measured 40.8 to 109.7 × 10.2 to 20.4 μm and averaged 75.8 × 13.8 μm. Morphological characteristics of B. oryzae were similar to those described by Drechsler (1) and Sivanesan (3). The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA from four pure culture colonies derived from single conidia was amplified by PCR using ITS1 and ITS4 primers. The resultant 572 bp was sequenced for isolates 86 through 89 (GenBank Accession Nos. GU222690-93). The sequences were 99% similar to the sequence of B. oryzae strain ATCC-MYA 3330 (GenBank No. FJ746665) isolated from P. virgatum. Pathogenicity of isolates 86 and 88 was confirmed by inoculating sterile potting mix with a fungal slurry. Sterile Alamo switchgrass seeds were sown into the infested soil in Magenta boxes and incubated for 6 weeks in a growth chamber with a 14-h photoperiod at 30°C. Leaf lesions and leaf blight were observed in seedling stands growing in B. oryzae-infested soil. Lesions were excised and plated onto WA. Sporulation of B. oryzae was observed on symptomatic tissue. In the interim, 300 nonsterilized Alamo switchgrass seeds of the same seed lot as the original symptomatic seedlings and originating from Oklahoma were plated onto WA (10 seed per plate). The seeds were incubated on the bench top as previously described. The experiment was repeated and B. oryzae colonized 1.4% of the total switchgrass seeds evaluated, indicating seed transmission and subsequent seedling infection as previously observed in the original seedlings. Leaf spot, caused by B. oryzae, was first reported as a new disease of switchgrass in North Dakota (2). In the summer of 2009, the authors observed leaf spot in four cultivars of switchgrass, including Alamo, growing in research plots in Webster County, MS. Twenty-two isolates of B. oryzae were recovered from diseased leaves of these switchgrass cultivars. To our knowledge, this is the first report of B. oryzae causing leaf spot of switchgrass in Mississippi, which broadens the natural distribution of this disease. References: (1) C. Drechlser. J. Agric. Res. 24:641, 1923. (2) J. M. Krupinsky et al. Can. J. Plant Pathol. 26:371, 2004. (3) A. Sivanesan. Mycol. Pap. 158:201, 1987.
Role of Pertussigen (Pertussis Toxin) on the Mouse Protective Activity of Vaccines Made from <i>Bordetella</i> Species (1989)

Pertussigen [pertussis toxin (Ptx)] from Bordetella pertussis, when detoxified, induces protection in mice to intracerebral challenge (ic) with virulent B. pertussis. In its native form, minute nonprotective doses promote the development of immunity induced by other antigens of B. pertussis. As little as 4 ng of Ptx, given with a nonprotective dose of 8 X 10(7) killed cells of the phase III Sakairi strain, promoted detectable protection to ic challenge. Native Ptx in doses of 0.4 to 400 ng did not protect mice, and vaccines made from strains not producing Ptx induced only weak protection. The marked enhancing action of Ptx was also observed with 5 micrograms of purified filamentous hemagglutinin and with vaccines made from other species of the Bordetella genus, such as B. parapertussis and B. bronchiseptica, but it was not observed with B. pertussis endotoxin. In addition, Ptx was still effective when given as late as 7 days after the vaccine. Antibodies to surface antigens of the challenge strain were demonstrated in sera of mice immunized with vaccines prepared with the different Bordetella species tested, but antibodies to Ptx were detected only in the sera of mice immunized with the wild-type B. pertussis strains. Glutaraldehyde detoxified Ptx does not have this action. Pretreatment of normal mice with Ptx, also enhanced the protective action of a mouse antiserum to a wild-type strain of B. pertussis. These observations show that antigens other than Ptx are responsible for the protection, and that Ptx acts non-specifically to enhance the mouse protective action of those antigens.
Comparison of solid-phase cytometry and the plate count method for the evaluation of the survival of bacteria in pharmaceutical oils (2008)

These in vitro data suggest that the jojoba oil/tea tree oil mixture more than carbol oil inhibits bacterial proliferation when used for intermittent self-catherization.
Cotinine disposition and effects (1983)

Cotinine is the major metabolite of nicotine in man. We studied cotinine disposition kinetics in 28 healthy habitual cigarette smokers. Eight subjects received cotinine fumarate, 4 micrograms base/kg/min IV for 60 min. Mean (+/- SD) metabolic clearance was 60 +/- 12 ml/min and mean renal clearance was 12 +/- 5 ml/min, averaging 17% of total clearance. Steady-state volume of distribution was slightly greater than body weight (mean 88 +/- 17 l). Terminal t 1/2 averaged 15.8 +/- 4.0 hr in these eight subjects and 19.7 +/- 6.5 hr in another 12 subjects who abstained from smoking for 3 days. The effect of urinary acidification and alkalinization on renal clearance of cotinine during cigarette smoking was studied in another group of eight subjects. Compared with baseline (mean urinary pH 5.8, renal clearance 12.3 +/- 5.9 ml/min), renal clearance was increased about 50% by urinary acidification (pH 4.4, clearance 18.6 +/- 10 ml/min), but it was not affected by alkalinization (pH 6.7, clearance 14.0 +/- 10.4 ml/min). Infusion of cotinine to blood concentrations seen in moderately heavy smokers had no effect on heart rate, blood pressure, or skin temperature, measures that are sensitive to effects of nicotine. No spontaneous subjective effects were reported. We conclude that, at levels to which cigarette smokers are generally exposed, cotinine exerts no cardiovascular activity and weak, if any, psychologic activity.
The discovery of zinc fingers and their development for practical applications in gene regulation (2005)

An account is given of the discovery in 1985 of the classical Cys2His2 (C2H2) zinc finger, arising from the interpretation of biochemical studies on the interaction of the Xenopus protein transcription factor IIIA with 5S RNA, and of subsequent structural studies on its 3D structure and its interaction with DNA. Each finger constitutes a self-contained domain stabilized by a zinc ion ligated to a pair of cysteines and a pair of histidines, and by an inner structural hydrophobic core. This work showed not only a new protein fold but also a novel principle of DNA recognition. Whereas other DNA binding proteins generally make use of the two-fold symmetry of the double helix, functioning as homo- or heterodimers, zinc fingers can be linked linearly in tandem to recognize nucleic acid sequences of different lengths. This modular design offers a large number of combinatorial possibilities for the specific recognition of DNA (or RNA). It is therefore not surprising that this zinc finger is found widespread in nature, in 3% of the genes of the human genome. It had long been the goal of molecular biologists to design DNA binding proteins for control of gene expression and we have adopted the zinc finger design and principle for this purpose. We demonstrated that the zinc finger design is ideally suited for such purposes, discriminating between closely related DNA sequences both in vitro and in vivo, and we have therefore adapted this natural design for engineering zinc finger proteins for targeting specific genes. The first example of the potential of the method was published in 1994 when a three-finger protein was constructed to block the expression of an oncogene transformed into a mouse cell line. In the same paper we also showed that we could activate a reporter gene by targeting a nine base pair promoter which we had inserted. Thus by fusing zinc finger peptides to repression or activation domains, genes can be selectively switched off or on. By combining the targeting zinc fingers with other effector or functional domains e.g. from nucleases or integrases, to form chimeric proteins, genomes can be manipulated or modified. Several applications of such engineered zinc finger proteins are described here, including some of potential therapeutic importance. (Communicated by Takashi SUGIMURA, M.J.A.)
Ablation of sarcolipin decreases the energy requirements for Ca<sup>2+</sup> transport by sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca<sup>2+</sup>‐ATPases in resting skeletal muscle (2013)

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of sarcolipin (SLN) on sarco(endo) plasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA pump) energetics in vivo and resting skeletal muscle metabolic rate. Using SLN knockout (Sln(-/-)) mice we show that SLN ablation increases the transport stoichiometry of SERCA pumps (Ca(2+) uptake/Ca(2+)-ATPase activity) and decreases the relative contribution of SERCA pumps to resting oxygen consumption (VO2) in soleus without affecting soleus or whole body VO2. These data suggest that the lower energy requirements for Ca(2+) cycling in resting skeletal muscle of Sln(-/-) mice do not impact significantly either skeletal muscle or whole body metabolic rate.
New TPC benchmarks for decision support and web commerce (2000)

For as long as there have been DBMS's and applications that use them, there has been interest in the performance characteristics that these systems exhibit. This month's column describes some of the recent work that has taken place in TPC, the Transaction Processing Performance Council.TPC-A and TPC-B are obsolete benchmarks that you might have heard about in the past. TPC-C V3.5 is the current benchmark for OLTP systems. Introduced in 1992, it has been run on many hardware platforms and DBMS's. Indeed, the TPC web site currently lists 202 TPC-C benchmark results. Due to its maturity, TPC-C will not be discussed in this article.We've asked two very knowledgeable individuals to write this article. Meikel Poess is the chair of the TPC H and TPC-R Subcommittees and Chris Floyd is the chair of the TPC-W Subcommittee. We greatly appreciate their efforts.A wealth of information can be found at the TPC web site [ 1 ]. This information includes the benchmark specifications themselves, TPC membership information, and benchmark results.
Challenges and Opportunities of Predicting Musical Emotions with Perceptual and Automatized Features (2018)

Music information retrieval (MIR) is a fast-growing research area. One of its aims is to extract musical characteristics from audio. In this study, we assumed the roles of researchers without further technical MIR experience and set out to test in an exploratory way its opportunities and challenges in the specific context of musical emotion perception. Twenty sound engineers rated 60 musical excerpts from a broad range of styles with respect to 22 spectral, musical, and cross-modal features (perceptual features) and perceived emotional expression. In addition, we extracted 86 features (acoustic features) of the excerpts with the MIRtoolbox (Lartillot & Toiviainen, 2007). First, we evaluated the perceptual and extracted acoustic features. Both perceptual and acoustic features posed statistical challenges (e.g., perceptual features were often bimodally distributed, and acoustic features highly correlated). Second, we tested the suitability of the acoustic features for modeling perceived emotional content. Four nearly disjunctive feature sets provided similar results, implying a certain arbitrariness of feature selection. We compared the predictive power of perceptual and acoustic features using linear mixed effects models, but the results were inconclusive. We discuss critical points and make suggestions to further evaluate MIR tools for modeling music perception and processing.
Zwei neue Depotfunde der Bandkeramik von Gau-Algesheim (2016)

[nicht vorhanden / not available]
Cross-Validation of the Implementation Leadership Scale (ILS) in Child Welfare Service Organizations (2016)

The Implementation Leadership Scale (ILS) is a brief, pragmatic, and efficient measure that can be used for research or organizational development to assess leader behaviors and actions that actively support effective implementation of evidence-based practices (EBPs). The ILS was originally validated with mental health clinicians. This study validates the ILS factor structure with providers in community-based organizations (CBOs) providing child welfare services. Participants were 214 service providers working in 12 CBOs that provide child welfare services. All participants completed the ILS, reporting on their immediate supervisor. Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to examine the factor structure of the ILS. Internal consistency reliability and measurement invariance were also examined. Confirmatory factor analyses showed acceptable fit to the hypothesized first- and second-order factor structure. Internal consistency reliability was strong and there was partial measurement invariance for the first-order factor structure when comparing child welfare and mental health samples. The results support the use of the ILS to assess leadership for implementation of EBPs in child welfare organizations.
Preparation and Characterization of CarboxymethylCellulose Hydrogel Fibers (2018)

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) hydrogel fibers were prepared via a solution spinning method with aluminum sulfate as the crosslinking agent. The preparation process of the CMC hydrogel fibers was optimized via orthogonal experiments. FTIR, POM, SEM and TGA were used to characterize the structure and properties of the hydrogel fibers. The mechanical properties and absorption ability of the hydrogel fibers were also investigated. The results indicated that an even structure was formed in the hydrogel. The mechanical properties of the hydrogel fibers were improved with increasing CMC degree of substitution. The hydrogel fibers had excellent moisture absorption performance, and are well-suited for biomedical applications such as wound dressings.
McEliece/Niederreiter PKC: Sensitivity to Fault Injection (2010)

The McEliece and Niederreiter public key cryptosystems (PKC) are presumed secure in a post quantum world because there is no efficient quantum algorithm that solves the hard problems upon which these cryptosystems are built. The present article indicates, however, a different type of vulnerability for such cryptosystems, namely fault injection. We present the injection fault in the McEliece scheme using Goppa codes and in two variants using quasi-cyclic alternant and quasi-dyadic codes, and describe the main difference of those constructions in this context.
Transformation and genomic restriction mapping of Rochalimaea spp. (1991)

Transformation procedures using electroporation were established for Rochalimaea quintana. Several cosmid/plasmids possessing the RK2 or RSF1010 origin of replication were successfully inserted. Plasmid retention and replication were verified by antibiotic resistance and Southern blot analysis. The highest level of transformation was obtained at a voltage field strength of 12.5 kV/cm with a pulse time of 10 miliseconds. Transformation efficiency was low (0.3%) with approximately 10(5) transformants/microgram of DNA. One construct, designated pAG10, reached sufficient levels in R. quintana to be isolated by density gradient centrifugation. Analysis of this plasmid after several cycles of growth in R. quintana revealed no obvious modifications. Physical maps of Rochalimaea spp. chromosomal DNA using pulse-field electrophoresis are being developed. Digestion of R. vinsonii chromosomal DNA with NotI or SfiI resulted in three and one fragments, respectively. When R. quintana was digested in a similar manner, both NotI and SfiI produced four fragments. Double digestion of R. quintana DNA with NotI and SfiI yield seven fragments ranging in size from 11 to 925 kb. Summing the fragments indicate an approximate genome size of 2.1 x 10(6) bp for R. vinsonii and 1.7 x 10(6) bp for R. quintana chromosomal DNA.