gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An exploratory study of children's online password behaviours (2018)

With increasing use of technology and the Internet among children, we explore how they create passwords to protect their personal information. We conducted a study with children 11 to 13 years to understand their password practices. The results of the study indicated that these children create simple passwords consisting of their personal information, believe that these passwords are hard for a stranger to guess and do not have good understanding of creating strong passwords.
Titanium minerals in Cameroon (2013)

The mineral rutile (TiO2) is a major ore of titanium, which is used in products such as white pigment and titanium metal. The global consumption of titanium minerals in 2011 was c. 6.7 million tonnes of which 0.7 million tonnes were rutile and 6 million tonnes ilmenite (TiFeO3). Rutile is almost pure TiO2 and therefore more valuable than ilmenite (c. 1500 $/t and 300$/t, respectively). Compared with ilmenite, rutile can be processed with lower consumption of chemicals and yields less waste products. Rutile was mined in Cameroon between 1935 and 1955 when a total of 15 000 tonnes of rutile were extracted from alluvial deposits. The French Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières conducted a drilling programme in Cameroon in the 1980s which identified c. 2.6 million tonnes of rutile in discontinuous occurrences with concentrations of c. 1%. Most of the occurrences are located in small- to medium-sized riverbeds with a thickness of 1.5–4.5 m. The main alluvial rutile area is located around the town of Akonolinga, 80 km east of Yaoundé, the capital of Cameroon (Fig. 1). The rutile in the alluvial deposits was derived from the bedrock by weathering, and at some sites major, residual rutile deposits are reported from Quaternary lateritic deposits. The Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland conducted a project together with the Institut de Recherches Géologiques et Minières in Cameroon to gain a better understanding of how rutile formed in the bedrock before it was weathered out and try to tie the rutile in the alluvial deposits to its source rocks. This is done by studying the compositional variation of the rutile in the alluvial deposits and comparing it with possible bedrock sources. The compositional variation of ilmenite and monazite ((La,Ce)PO4)) and the age distribution of zircon (ZrSiO4) in alluvial sand and bedrock were also investigated. The chemical compositions of minerals in the sediments are used to infer the bedrock source of the minerals. This has particular application in many areas of Cameroon, such as the southern part of the country which is characterised by low relief and dense rain forest with bedrock outcrops that are sparse and difficult to find. Cameroon is a country in west central Africa (Fig. 1) and is called ‘Africa in miniature’ because of its cultural, geological and landscape diversity. The landscape includes beaches, deserts, mountains, rain forests and savanna. The highest point is the active volcano Mount Cameroon (4095 m), and the country is home for over 200 different linguistic groups with French and English as the official languages. Compared with other African countries, Cameroon is politically and socially stable. The country covers an area of 475 442 km2 with a population of c. 20 million of which 70% are Christians and 20% Muslims.
Orthopedic Manifestations and Management of Patients With von Willebrand Disease (2008)

Von Willebrand Disease is the most common inherited bleeding disorder and can present challenges to orthopedic surgeons in managing perioperative bleeding and treating orthopedic problems that manifest as a result of the disease. Appropriate history taking is essential to identify these patients prior to surgery. The most effective management of von Willebrand disease will be achieved with close consultation between the surgeon, anesthesiologist, internist or pediatrician, hematologist, and patient. With appropriate planning, these patients can undergo major orthopedic procedures safely and effectively.
Magnetic properties, microstructures, and corrosion resistance of high-saturation FeMoN and FeRhN films for recording heads (2000)

We have investigated high-saturation FeMoN and FeRhN films, deposited by radio frequency-diode reactive sputtering on alumina-TiC substrates, for inductive head applications. A minimum coercivity of /spl sim/1.2 Oe is obtained in (Fe/sub 97.8/Mo/sub 2.2/)N films at a N/sub 2//Ar flow ratio of /spl sim/6.2%. A minimum coercivity of /spl sim/1.6 Oe is obtained in (Fe/sub 96.9/Rh/sub 3.1/)N films at a N/sub 2//Ar flow ratio of /spl sim/4.6%. The films mainly consist of /spl alpha/-Fe phase and /spl gamma/'-Fe/sub 4/N phase; The magnetic properties of these films are stable under easy axis field annealing up to 350/spl deg/C. Addition of Rh or Mo to FeN has resulted in a significant improvement in corrosion resistance over that of FeN. The localized corrosion resistance of FeRhN and FeMoN can be comparable to that of Permalloy. In contrast, their intrinsic corrosion resistance is inferior to that of Permalloy, but it can be adjusted and controlled by pH level.
Lethally-irradiated <i>Yersinia pestis</i> immunization protects against the plague: a novel vaccine candidate (47.23) (2007)

Abstract We provide evidence here that immunization with lethally γ-irradiated Yersinia pestis provides an effective and novel vaccine against the plague. Traditionally, neither chemical nor heat killing of bacteria has been successful in inducing an appropriate immune response to provide protection against further infection. It has been postulated, however, that inactivation via γ-irradiation would allow for retention of both adjuvant and antigenic components necessary for an effective vaccine. We hypothesize that, unlike many vaccines that induce predominately an antibody response, γ-irradiated whole bacteria will result in both a protective humoral and cellular immune response. Recent evidence that γ-irradiated Listeria monocytogenes protected mice from future exposure to L. monocytogenes supports this hypothesis. Y. pestis, the cause of the plague, is endemic in much of the world. It creates a considerable health risk and is now also considered a putative agent for bioterrorism, although current vaccine candidates have potential pitfalls. Immunization with lethally γ-irradiated Y. pestis (600 kRads from a 137Ce source) provides significant protection against the plague in the absence of any additional stimulatory adjuvant in both inbred B10.T(6R) mice and out-bred Swiss Webster mice, LD50’s of greater than 106 CFUs in both strains, compared to 103 CFUs and 20 CFUs in sham immunized B10.T(6R) and Swiss Webster mice respectively. These data suggest both a new and effective vaccine for Y. pestis, as well as potential vaccines that have remained elusive for other bacteria.
ChemInform Abstract: REGIOSELECTIVE REACTIONS OF 2,3‐ENDO‐EPOXYBICYCLO(3.2.0)HEPTANONE ETHYLENE ACETAL INVOLVING ORGANOMETALLIC REAGENTS (1980)

Abstract Aus dem Acetal (Ib) des Bromhydrins (Ia) wird das Epoxid (II) dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: Free Radicals of Isatoic Anhydride (Ia) and Its Derivatives as Studied by in situ Electrochemical‐ESR‐Technique (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Inviscid fluid flow in an accelerating cylindrical container (1965)

The problem of the axially symmetric irrotational flow of an inviscid incompressible fluid with a free surface in a circular cylindrical container accelerating parallel to its axis is considered. A numerical procedure is developed and some interesting motions exhibiting the development of breakers, splashing and sustained oscillations of the surface are obtained by machine computation.
Following the Hedgehog to New Cancer Therapies (2009)

Two studies in this issue of the Journal 1,2 describe a new drug, GDC-0449, that inhibits the hedgehog signaling pathway. This pathway orchestrates numerous processes throughout embryogenesis, and although the pathway seems inactive or dispensable in most adult tissues, it becomes reactivated in a wide range of cancers.3 For this reason, blockade of the hedgehog pathway could yield a greater degree of selectivity and fewer side effects in the treatment of cancer than conventional chemotherapy. The preliminary data in these two studies raise hopes that this may indeed be the case.In the phase 1 study by Von Hoff et . . .
Adventures in UNIX network applications programming : インターネット活用のためのネットワークプログラミング (1994)

第１章 ネットワークプログラミング概論 第２章 ＵＮＩＸドメインソケット 第３章 Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔドメインソケット 第４章 ＵＤＰソケット 第５章 ＴＣＰソケット 第６章 ストリームプログラミング 第７章 トランスポートレベルインタフェース（ＴＬＩプログラミング） 第８章 Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔサーバデーモンへのインタフェース 第９章 先進的ソケットプログラミング 第１０章 Ｘ．２５ソケット
Membrane Binding Mechanisms of the PX Domains of NADPH Oxidase p40 and p47 (2003)

Phox (PX) domains are phosphoinositide (PI)-binding domains with broad PI specificity. Two cytosolic components of NADPH oxidase, p40(phox) and p47(phox), contain PX domains. The PX domain of p40(phox) specifically binds phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate, whereas the PX domain of p47(phox) has two lipid binding sites, one specific for phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate and the other with affinity for phosphatidic acid or phosphatidylserine. To delineate the mechanisms by which these PX domains interact with PI-containing membranes, we measured the membrane binding of these domains and respective mutants by surface plasmon resonance and monolayer techniques and also calculated the electrostatic potentials of the domains as a function of PI binding. Results indicate that membrane binding of both PX domains is initiated by nonspecific electrostatic interactions, which is followed by the membrane penetration of hydrophobic residues. The membrane penetration of the p40(phox) PX domain is induced by phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate, whereas that of the p47(phox) PX domain is triggered by both phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate and phosphatidic acid (or phosphatidylserine). Studies of enhanced green fluorescent protein-fused PX domains in HEK293 cells indicate that this specific membrane penetration is also important for subcellular localization of the two PX domains. Further studies on the full-length p40(phox) and p47(phox) proteins showed that an intramolecular interaction between the C-terminal Src homology 3 domain and the PX domain prevents the nonspecific monolayer penetration of p47(phox), whereas such an interaction is absent in p40(phox).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTH. MONOSUBSTITUIERTER CYCLOHEXAAMYLOSEN (1971)

Abstract Die Umsetzung von Cyclohexaamylose mit p‐Toluolsulfonylchlorid/Pyridin (40 Min. bei Raumtemperatur) und nachfolgende chromatographische Trennung an aktivierter Kohle ergeben 6‐O‐p‐Tosyl‐cyclohexaamylose (53,5% Ausbeute).
Studies of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Fe</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Mn</mml:mi><mml:mo>∕</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Co</mml:mi><mml:mo>∕</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Cu</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mn>001</mml:mn><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math>films using photoemission electron microscopy and surface magneto-optic Kerr effect (2005)

$\mathrm{Fe}\mathrm{Mn}∕\mathrm{Co}∕\mathrm{Cu}(001)$ films were epitaxially grown and investigated using photoemission electron microscopy and the surface magneto-optic Kerr effect. The FeMn antiferromagnetic order increases the Co film coercivity, switches the Co magnetization easy axis from the [110] direction to the [100] direction, and increases the Co film critical thickness at which the ferromagnetic transition occurs. The N\'eel temperature of the FeMn film increases with increasing FeMn film thickness. At room temperature, we constructed a magnetic phase diagram in the $\mathrm{Fe}\mathrm{Mn}\mathrm{Co}$ thickness plane to describe the FeMn and Co magnetic phases.
Inhibition of Corrosion of 15 Vol.%6061 Al Alloy/Sicp Composite using Ethyl-2-Phenyl Hydrozono-3-Oxobutyrate in 0.1 N Hydrochloric Acid Medium (2009)

Aluminium Metal Matrix Composites reinforced with silicon carbide have prominent properties like light weight, low coefficient of thermal expansion, high thermal conductivity, high stiffness and strength and better wear resistance, which make them useful in several industries. Corrosion is a major problem in the use of Aluminium Metal Matrix Composites reinforced with silicon carbide, which will be still severe in acid medium. Inhibition is one of the mechanisms used for mitigating the metallic corrosion especially in acid environment. A large number of organic heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen, sulphur and oxygen have been used as corrosion inhibitors. In the present work an attempt has been made to study the inhibition effect of Ethyl-2-Phenyl hydrozono-3-oxobutyrate on the corrosion behaviour of 15 vol.% 6061 Al alloy SiCp composite in 0.1 N hydrochloric acid medium using potentio-static polarization technique. The study reveals that the inhibition efficiency (% IE) of the compound increases with increase in concentration of the inhibitor up to a critical concentration. The results obtained indicate that Oxobutyrate is an excellent cathodic inhibitor. The adsorption of the compound on the 6061 Al alloy/Si Cp composite surface is found to obey Temkins′ adsorption isotherm and inhibition is governed by physisorption mechanism
Optical Trapping, Cell Manipulation, And Robotics (1989)

A new type of analytical and preparative cytometric instrument was developed. The instrument combines image analysis and machine vision with single cell and chromosome manipulation by means of optical trapping. A proof-of-principle instrument, OCAM, has the ability to locate and analyze biological particles inside an enclosed manipulation chamber, as well as the ability to move and position particles according to preprogrammed protocols. Preliminary results and potential biological applications of such a microrobot are discussed.
1P1-D02 An improvement of forward kinematic model of haptic device "DELTA-R" based on its redundant parallel structure(Haptic Interface) (2011)

In recent years, parallel mechanisms have been widely introduced to haptic device for advantageous benefits such as a high rigidity, a high output force, a high accuracy and a high backdrivability by its multi-legged structure and fixed actuators on the base. On the other hand, redundant parallel structure is known that its characteristic can be effectively introduced to avoid singularity and to widen working area. In this paper, an improvement method of forward kinematic model of redundant parallel structure is introduced for further improvement of force producibility. The proposed method can be potentially utilized on other redundant parallel structures.
COMPORTEMENT DYNAMIQUE DES BETONS : DU MATERIAU A LA STRUCTURE (1993)

Cet article propose des hypotheses relatives aux mecanismes physiques regissant les effets de vitesse au sein du beton et analyse, au vu de ces hypotheses, les resultats experimentaux obtenus a l'echelle du materiau et a l'echelle de la structure. Il presente egalement un modele mecanique ainsi qu'une modelisation numerique (etablie a l'aide de la methode des elements finis), de ce comportement dynamique des structures en beton. Il fait ainsi le point sur un important travail realise au LCPC, en cooperation europeenne avec l'Universite de Technologie de DELFT (Pays-Bas) et, dans le cadre du GRECO materiaux, avec le Laboratoire d'Essai d'Abris, portant sur le comportement dynamique en traction de differents betons et le comportements au choc d'elements structuraux. (A). (Titres anglais et allemand : Dynamic behaviour of concretes : from the material to the structure. Verhalten von Betonen unter dynamischen Belastungen : von Material zur Konstruktion).
The broadband, shallow, reflecting cavity-backed slot spiral antenna. (2002)

There is significant government and commercial interest in extremely broadband antennas that can be conformally mounted on land, air, and sea vehicles. Bandwidths of as much as 100:1 are desired, with frequencies ranging from below 30 MHz to above 6 GHz. Commerically available cavity-backed spiral antennas are generally used at frequencies above 2 GHz and have bandwidths of 8:1 or 9:1. However, their absorber-filled cavity limits efficiency and power handling, and their size and weight constrains applications below 1 or 2 GHz. A new spiral antenna paradigm is presented that is based on a slot rather than a conductor configuration. The slot concept allows for a very shallow, broadband, virtually lossless reflecting cavity. This new cavity is at least ten times thinner compared with that used for the printed spiral (less than lambda/40 deep at the lowest frequencies) and provides for a gain increase of at least 3 dB. To support the development of the slot spiral, a new slot termination is presented that reduces the axial ratio and VSWR. Also, an infinite balun feed is adapted for use with the slot spiral to maintain the thinness of the antenna. These components combine to yield consistent pattern and input impedance performance over at least a 6:1 bandwidth, demonstrating the frequency-independent behavior and resulting bandwidth scalability of the slot spiral. For a slot spiral with an outer diameter of 5.75 inches and a height of 1 inch, gain of at least 0 dB<sub>ic</sub> is achieved from 800 MHz to over 4 GHz, with a maximum gain of more than 5 dB<sub>ic</sub>. The axial ratio is generally less than 1.5 dB and VSWR of less than 1.5 is achieved across the entire bandwidth. Initial designs for the reflecting cavity-backed slot spiral are presented, and considerable discussion is devoted to their improvement. In particular, the development of the shallow reflecting cavity and the approach used to ensure its mode-free, quasi frequency-independent operation are treated in detail. The application of Dyson's infinite balun and the development of a new termination design are also presented. Pattern, gain, axial ratio, polarization ellipse orientation, and input reflection coefficient measurements are also presented and analyzed. Finally, techniques used to measure the performance of the slot spiral, as well as the development of the test bodies used for the antenna measurements, are discussed.
Manned evaluation of a diver heater using hydrogen catalytic reactions (2004)

The necessity for active diver heating during long duration, cold water diving operations is well established. A proof of concept study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a prototype hydrogen catalytic heater to satisfy the thermal protection needs of up to six combat swimmers in long duration, cold water missions. Body weight, urinary output, and rectal and skin temperatures were measured in six U.S. Navy divers during 3 dives to /spl sim/6 m for 6 hours in 1.7/spl deg/C (35/spl deg/F) water temperatures. Level of thermal comfort was reported subjectively at pre-defined intervals by the test subjects. The hydrogen catalytic heater was found to be capable of delivering 2 kilowatts of active heating to up to six divers by circulating warm water through closed-circuit tubesuits at flow rates of up to 2.8 litres per minute (0.75 gallon per minute) at suit delivery temperatures of approximately 38-39/spl deg/C (100-102/spl deg/F). This heating capacity was shown to be capable of doubling to 4 kilowatts by either increasing the hydrogen circuit levels between 1-2% (still below the combustible range of 4% hydrogen), or by increasing both the hydrogen and air injection rates into the heater assembly, thereby keeping the hydrogen diluted. The heater control system was shown to successfully maintain pre-set water delivery temperatures through a feedback control loop with the hydrogen injection valve. Test results suggest that while the hydrogen catalytic heater is fully capable of providing adequate levels of supplemental heating for 6 divers simultaneously, a redesign of commercial tubesuit will be necessary to provide thermal comfort to the divers' hands and feet and to prevent a thermal short through the divers' head.
Study on variable speed control of winding tether (2016)

In this study, we proposed a new mobility device using tether under the microgravity named Tether Space mobility Device (TSMD). TSMD is the mobility device that moves user by winding tether which is attached to the structure in the destination. However, this system has problems that TSMD user spins because the center of gravity of the user deviates from tensile line of action of tether. Therefore we focused on winding of tether and proposed the posture control method of TSMD which combined with the winding control. The effectiveness of winding control was inspected by the experiment. The experiment is performed in the two-dimensional microgravity environment. Winding control is that winding speed becomes slow when the acceleration of the experiment machine exceeded the acceleration threshold. And winding acceleration just after the experiment start set small. As a result of the experiment, it is confirmed that the proposed control methods decrease deflection of tether, and it is found that they makes it possible to control posture of the system. In addition, it was shown that the possibility we can predict the time when the tension acts on tether and we can assess the proposed control by the time when the tension of tether occurs.
A141 Phase Transition of Water inside a Carbon Nanotube (2006)

Molecular dynamics simulations were performed to investigate the phase change of a water cluster confined in a single-walled carbon nanotube. The first order phase transition of the water cluster to an ice-nanotube is investigated in terms of the dependence of the freezing temperature on the diameter of the carbon nanotube. The simulation aims to validate the experimental observation of the anomalous tube-diameter dependence with opposite trend from that of bulk water in a capillary tube. As a consequence, the calculated freezing temperature agrees well with those measured in experiments. It is shown that the freezing temperature exhibits a maximum value, about room temperature, for nanotube diameter of d=1.1nm, where the ice-nanotube consists of 5-membered rings. Analyses of the potential energy indicate that the freezing temperature is mainly determined by the structural stability of the ice crystal.
Regulation of the ADMA/PRMT/DDAH pathway in vascular smooth muscle cells by the p22phox component of NADPH oxidase (2009)

We reported increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in chronic kidney disease or hypertension. Arginine is methylated by protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs). ADMA is metabolized by dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolases (DDAHs). We tested the hypothesis that ROS dictate cellular arginine methylation. DDAH‐1 and ‐2 protein expression were increased by 37 ± 6 and 50 ± 4% (p<0.05) and PRMT‐3 protein increased 41 ± 7%(p< 0.05) in aortas of mice transgenic for p22 phox in VSMCs (Tg p22smc ), despite unchanged plasma ADMA (0.59 ± 0.1 vs 0.56 ± 0.1 μmol‐ L −1 ; ns). Rat preglomerular vascular smooth muscle cells (PGVSMCs) stably transfected with p22 phox (S‐p22 phox ) which generated two‐fold more ROS had a 62± 2% (p<0.01) reduced DDAH activity, and a 51 ± 5% and 58 ± 4% (both p<0.05) reduced protein, but increased mRNA expression, for DDAH‐1 and ‐2. Western blots demonstrated substantial, but selective, protein carbonylation and asymmetric dimethylation of arginine moieties in lysates from S‐p22 phox cells that were prevented by PEG‐catalase (500 units · ml −1 ) or tempol (10 −4 M). In conclusion, ROS produced by NADPH oxidase in VSMCs enhances PRMT and cellular accumulation of arginine methylated proteins. Protein carbonylation may contribute to decreased DDAH protein expression, despite increased mRNA. The similar changes in blood vessel of Tg p22smc mice demonstrates that these effects could underlie endothelial dysfunction.