gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Experimental Indication of a Naphthalene‐Base Molecular Aggregate for the Carrier of the 2175 A Interstellar Extinction Feature (1997)

Experiments where the simple polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) naphthalene (C10H8) is subjected to the energetic environment of a plasma have resulted in the synthesis of a molecular aggregate that has ultraviolet spectral characteristics that suggest it provides insight into the nature of the carrier of the 2175 angstroms interstellar extinction feature and may be a laboratory analog. Ultraviolet, visible, infrared, and mass spectroscopy, along with gas chromatography, indicate that it is a molecular aggregate in which an aromatic double ring ("naphthalene") structural base serves as the electron "box" chromophore that gives rise to the envelope of the 2175 angstroms feature. This chromophore can also provide the peak of the feature or function as a mantle in concert with another peak provider such as graphite. The molecular base/chromophore manifests itself both as a structural component of an alkyl-aromatic polymer and as a substructure of hydrogenated PAH species. Its spectral and molecular characteristics are consistent with what is generally expected for a complex molecular aggregate that has a role as an interstellar constituent.
Platelet membrane vesicles reduced microvascular bleeding times in thrombocytopenic rabbits. (1987)

We investigated the possible role of platelet membrane vesicles on hemostatic function in vivo. Platelet membrane vesicles were prepared from rabbit platelets stored for up to 6 months at -65 degrees C and transfused into thrombocytopenic rabbits. Significant reductions in microvascular bleeding times were observed up to 24 hours after transfusion, with the greatest corrections at 4 hours. Measurements of factor V, factor VIII, fibrin degradation products, and fibrinogen in animals transfused with membrane ruled out intravascular coagulation and suggested a direct effect of platelet membrane vesicles at the bleeding sites. This conclusion was supported morphologically by identification of membrane vesicles in bleeding time lesions and radiologically by accumulation of 111In-labeled vesicles in lesions. Production of platelet membrane vesicles was simple, and freezing allowed long-term storage of a product capable of short-term hemostasis.
Para fluorination by N-fluorobis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide: synthesis of 10.beta.-fluoro-3-oxo-1,4-estradiene steroids (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPara fluorination by N-fluorobis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide: synthesis of 10.beta.-fluoro-3-oxo-1,4-estradiene steroidsWilliam T. Pennington, Giuseppe Resnati, and Darryl D. DesMarteauCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 5, 1536–1539Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00031a038https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00031a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views227Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Clinical orientation of post-marketing Chinese patent drugs: an evidence-based practice (2008)

Unclear clinical orientation in practice has become one of the common problems with the effective application of famous and excellent Chinese herbal drugs, consequently restricting their development. The authors suggest that there are three aspects to be considered in dealing with this problem. Clinical evaluation and orientation of the famous and excellent Chinese herbal drugs is an important task, and it is also a requirement for the internationalization of traditional Chinese medicine. Literature evaluation-pharmacology research-clinical expertise analysis method will establish a theoretical basis and method for post-marketing development of famous and excellent Chinese patent drugs.
ChemInform Abstract: SEMICONDUCTOR INTERFACE CHARACTERIZATION IN PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL SOLAR CELLS: THE P‐INDIUM PHOSPHIDE (111)A FACE (1982)

Abstract Aus spektroskopisch‐ellipsometrischen und niederenergetischen ionenstreuungsspektroskopischen Untersuchungen geht hervor, daß sich an der (1 1 l)A‐Fläche von p‐InP hydratisiertes In‐oxid bildet, wenn der Kristall in luftgesä‐ttigter Säure bzw. MeOH‐Brz geätzt wird oder wenn er als Photokathode in einer p‐Halbleiter‐liquid junction‐Solarzelle mit V(II)/V(III)/HCI‐Redoxlösung eingesetzt wird.
0213 Study of Human Stepping Model and Synchronization of Walking Rhythm (2007)

A human's gait rhythm changes into the frequency of the ground vibration from one's natural gait rhythm. This phenomenon is called as "pull-in effect". It is known as a cause that London Millennium Bridge closed soon after it had opened. The pull-in effect has been investigated by means of the neural oscillator and active motion to avoid falling. But the purpose of these studies was explanation of pull-in effect qualitatively and few studies have focused on the quantitative analysis. In this research, dynamics model was improved. New model can be expected to have good frequency range of pull-in effect and give good horizontal excitation power. Simulation result of phase difference between bridge and human corresponds to experimental result. In order, to evaluate pull-in effect of a real pedestrian bridge, simulation of walking on the free platform was carried out. In conclusion, a quantitative analysis of the pull-in effect became possible with the use of improved passive walking model.
The Use of Traditional Ecological Knowledge in Forest Management: an Example from India (2010)

Rist, L., R. Uma Shaanker, E. J. Milner-Gulland, and J. Ghazoul. 2010. The use of traditional ecological knowledge in forest management: an example from India. Ecology and Society 15(1): 3. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-03290-150103
Waveguide-Based Biosensors for Pathogen Detection (2009)

Optical phenomena such as fluorescence, phosphorescence, polarization, interference and non-linearity have been extensively used for biosensing applications. Optical waveguides (both planar and fiber-optic) are comprised of a material with high permittivity/high refractive index surrounded on all sides by materials with lower refractive indices, such as a substrate and the media to be sensed. This arrangement allows coupled light to propagate through the high refractive index waveguide by total internal reflection and generates an electromagnetic wave-the evanescent field-whose amplitude decreases exponentially as the distance from the surface increases. Excitation of fluorophores within the evanescent wave allows for sensitive detection while minimizing background fluorescence from complex, "dirty" biological samples. In this review, we will describe the basic principles, advantages and disadvantages of planar optical waveguide-based biodetection technologies. This discussion will include already commercialized technologies (e.g., Corning's EPIC(®) Ô, SRU Biosystems' BIND(™), Zeptosense(®), etc.) and new technologies that are under research and development. We will also review differing assay approaches for the detection of various biomolecules, as well as the thin-film coatings that are often required for waveguide functionalization and effective detection. Finally, we will discuss reverse-symmetry waveguides, resonant waveguide grating sensors and metal-clad leaky waveguides as alternative signal transducers in optical biosensing.
Protectiveness of different silane coatings on patinated ancient and modern bronzes: Part 2 (2017)

The safeguard of artistic and cultural heritage is of great importance for the conservation of the\nhistorical and cultural background of a society. The works of art in bronze are an important part of this\nheritage and the production of effective surface protective treatments with a low environmental impact\nis a central and still unresolved issue.\nThe effectiveness of protective treatments depends on the nature of the substrate including both the\ncharacteristics of bronze and of the surface patina actually present at the time of coating application.\nFor this reason, within the M-ERA.NET project named B-IMPACT, two bronze alloys were produced\nby sand casting and properly patinated to obtain substrates representative of monuments exposed\noutdoors on which different silane-based coatings were tested. In particular, a quaternary Cu-Sn-Zn-Pb\nbronze was artificially aged in the laboratory by dropping synthetic acid rain to reproduce the surface\nof more ancient sculptures. Moreover, a modern silicon bronze was treated by an aqueous solution of\npotassium sulfide (K2S), as traditionally done in artworks of the 19th century. These substrates were\ntreated by some silane-based coatings characterized by different functional groups, such as amino,\nthiol, and tetrasulfide groups or long aliphatic chains.\nThe most promising coatings were evaluated considering the visual aspect (colour measurement), the\nadherence, the UV-resistance (test in climatic chamber with an UV lamp), the resistance to run-off or\nstagnant exposure to synthetic acid rain (artificial ageing tests by dropping and Wet&Dry, with related\ncharacterisation of the ageing solutions and samples during and at the end of the tests). The achieved\nresults were compared to those obtained by applying a standard benzotriazole-based acrylic coating,\nstill the most widely used by restorers.
EVALUATION OF THE IMPACT OF ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASOUND ON CLINICAL DECISION MAKING IN PATIENTʼS WITH PANCREATICO-BILIARY DISORDERS (2004)

Purpose: This study assesses the impact of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) on clinical decision making in patients with pancreaticobiliary disorders. Methods: Forty-six patients with pancreaticobiliary disorders were referred for EUS evaluation. The clinical course of each patient was analyzed before and after EUS. The primary outcome in this study was the need for ERCP before and after EUS. Results: The most common indication for EUS was an abnormal imaging study (CT or MRI) in 85% (39/46) of patients. Thirty three percent (15/46) had EUS-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA). The final diagnosis in patients who underwent EUS-FNA included malignancies in 40% (6/15) of patients, and suspicious findings in 7% (3/15) of patients. Prior to EUS, 87% (42/46) of patients did not have ERCP, and following EUS, 83% (38/46) of patients did not require ERCP. Four percent (2/46) of patients had ERCP both before and after EUS. When ERCP was performed following EUS based on EUS and EUS-FNA results, ERCP was only performed for therapeutic reasons, rather than for diagnostic purposes. Conclusions: In patients with pancreaticobiliary disorders, performing EUS with or without EUS-FNA can obviate the need for ERCP in the majority of patients (83%). When ERCP is attempted after EUS, it is likely to be for therapy (e.g. stent placement or stone extraction) rather than for diagnosis.
Reliability and Validity of Ultrasound Elastography for Evaluating Muscle Stiffness in Neurological Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2020)

Ultrasound elastography has clinical utility in assessing muscle stiffness, monitoring its temporal changes, and measuring the response to intervention in people with neurological conditions.
Stress induced shift of the Curie point in epitaxial PbTiO3 thin films (1991)

A 50 °C shift in Curie temperature has been observed for c-axis oriented PbTiO3 thin films using x-ray diffraction. An analysis of the electrostrictive strain based on the Devonshire thermodynamic formalism showed that the shift in the Curie point for these films can be plausibly explained by an effective two-dimensional compressive stress of ≊400 MPa. The single-domain, single-crystal dielectric susceptibility (η33) and piezoelectric coefficient (d33) were calculated and found to be relatively unaffected, at room temperature, by a compressive stress of this magnitude.
Research on superconducting signal processing devices. Final technical report (1975)

An understanding of the role of alloying elements in lead thin films for use as Josephson junctions was achieved, and thermally cyclable devices were made. Gold is one of the elements which strongly inhabit the movement of grain boundaries and thus prevent the growth of hillocks and whiskers on the film which would puncture the thin oxide barrier. A new technology in which thin silicon membranes supported by a surrounding frame can be used for device fabrication was developed. This includes a double-etching scheme to achieve even submicron size membranes having thickness of no more than a few hundred angstroms. We have shown that advantages can be had by fabricating Schottky and super-Schottky diodes on such membranes. Also, Josephson junctions made this way show promise of great design flexibility and may develop into the best Josephson device for mixing and detection. Two ways of making double weak superconducting links for possible use as switching elements were tested. It appears that the impedance level is lower than would be desired for that application for the dimensions used so far but fabrication by electron lithography would increase it. The semiconductor barrier is analyzed, as a possible Josephson junction switching element and itmore » appears to have some advantages. One of these is a lower Q for the junction cavity; our analysis shows about two orders of magnitude improvement in this regard over oxide-barrier junctions. (GRA)« less
Surface Layering in Liquid Gallium: An X-Ray Reflectivity Study (1995)

Surface-induced atomic layering in liquid gallium has been observed using x-ray reflectivity, ultrahigh vacuum conditions, and sputtered clean surfaces. Reflectivity data, collected on a supercooled liquid sample to momentum transfers as large as ${q}_{z}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}3.0{\AA{}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, exhibit a strong maximum near 2.4 \AA{} ${}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ indicating a layer spacing that is comparable to its atomic dimensions. The amplitude of the electron density oscillations decays with a characteristic length of 6 \AA{}. This is unexpectedly twice that of recent results for Hg, and the difference may be related to covalent bonding or supercooling.
Factors affecting the formation of white particulate matter in red blood cell components (2005)

WPM is an expected consequence of standard RBC manufacturing methods, but it is more frequent in RBCs prepared by heavy centrifugation and from donors with higher cholesterol levels.
Low serum carotenoids and development of severe walking disability among older women living in the community: the Women's Health and Aging Study I (2006)

low serum carotenoid levels, an indicator of low intake of fruits and vegetables, are independent predictors of the progression towards severe walking disability among older women living in the community.
The short coiled-coil domain-containing protein UNC-69 cooperates with UNC-76 to regulate axonal outgrowth and normal presynaptic organization in Caenorhabditis elegans (2006)

We have identified a novel protein complex, composed of UNC-69 and UNC-76, which promotes axonal growth and normal presynaptic organization in C. elegans. As both proteins are conserved through evolution, we suggest that the mammalian homologs of UNC-69 and UNC-76 (SCOCO and FEZ, respectively) may function similarly.
DNA extraction from Pleistocene bones by a silica-based purification method (1993)

Journal Article DNA extraction from Pleistocene bones by a silica-based purification method Get access Matthias Höss, Matthias Höss Institute of Zoology, University of MunichPostfach 202136, D-80021 Munich, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Svante Pääbo Svante Pääbo Institute of Zoology, University of MunichPostfach 202136, D-80021 Munich, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 21, Issue 16, 11 August 1993, Pages 3913–3914, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/21.16.3913 Published: 11 August 1993 Article history Received: 12 May 1993 Accepted: 04 July 1993 Published: 11 August 1993
Robot assisted heminephrectomy for duplicated renal collecting system: technique and outcomes (2014)

RAHN is a viable option for the surgical treatment of an atrophic, chronically infected duplicated system. The unique features of robotic technology offer enhanced dexterity and vision facilitating the management of complex vascular and ureteral anatomy.
Genetic Variability and Relationship of Closely Related Spanish Traditional Cultivars of Tomato as Detected by SRAP and SSR Markers (2005)

We studied the genetic variability of some traditional tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum L. Mill.) cultivars of Spain, and established their relationships using both simple sequence repeats (SSR) and sequence related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers. These included cultivars from different locations of three main types, Muchamiel, De la pera, and Moruno. Additionally we tested two other local cultivars, `Valenciano' and `Flor de Baladre', plus a small sample of commercial cultivars and a few wild species. Both types of markers resolved the cultivars from different groups, but SSR failed to distinguish some of those classified under the same group. All the De la pera cultivars clustered together by genetic similarity with the SRAP markers. The other traditional cultivars, which are grown in a wider geographic range, formed a more diffuse group, which included the commercial cultivar Roma. The Mexican cultivar Zapotec, a breeding line, and the virus-resistant commercial hybrid `Anastasia' were the most distant of all the cultivars. The latter hybrid had higher similarity to the wild species due to introgressed segments from them carrying the resistance genes. Similar results were observed for SSR markers but with a lower level of resolution. This information would be useful to facilitate tomato germplasm conservation and management efforts.
Multi agent simulation of unorganized traffic (2002)

Traffic simulation is one of the most complex simulation projects that can be undertaken. The main issues are: modeling of autonomous behavior of drivers, modeling of their interaction, and ability to simulate the traffic and procure reliable realistic results. Organized traffic with drivers heeding to well defined traffic rules is less dynamic and erratic, than modeling unorganized traffic, wherein the drivers either do not heed to well defined traffic rules, or there are no traffic rules in place. This paper shows the viability of applying multi-agent simulation for unorganized traffic. In particular, we model the behavior of drivers, as being cautious, normal, and aggressive, and show results about average speed of vehicles in traffic, number of overtakes, and number of accidents occurring with different proportions of aggressive and cautious drivers. A multi-agent simulator with graphics interface has been implemented to visualize and evaluate the traffic flow.
The Complex Cell Wall Composition of Syncytia Induced by Plant Parasitic Cyst Nematodes Reflects Both Function and Host Plant (2017)

Plant-parasitic cyst nematodes induce the formation of specialized feeding structures, syncytia, within their host roots. These unique plant organs serve as the sole nutrient resource for development and reproduction throughout the biotrophic interaction. The multinucleate syncytium, which arises through local dissolution of cell walls and protoplast fusion of multiple adjacent cells, has dense cytoplasm containing numerous organelles, surrounded by thickened outer cell walls that must withstand high turgor pressure. However, little is known about how the constituents of the syncytial cell wall and their conformation support its role during nematode parasitism. We used a set of monoclonal antibodies, targeted to a range of plant cell wall components, to reveal the microstructures of syncytial cell walls induced by four of the most economically important cyst nematode species, <i>Globodera pallida</i>, <i>Heterodera glycines</i>, <i>Heterodera avenae</i> and <i>Heterodera filipjevi</i>, in their respective potato, soybean, and spring wheat host roots. <i>In situ</i> fluorescence analysis revealed highly similar cell wall composition of syncytia induced by <i>G. pallida</i> and <i>H. glycines</i>. Both consisted of abundant xyloglucan, methyl-esterified homogalacturonan and pectic arabinan. In contrast, the walls of syncytia induced in wheat roots by <i>H. avenae</i> and <i>H. filipjevi</i> contain little xyloglucan but are rich in feruloylated xylan and arabinan residues, with variable levels of mixed-linkage glucan. The overall chemical composition of syncytial cell walls reflected the general features of root cell walls of the different host plants. We relate specific components of syncytial cell walls, such as abundant arabinan, methyl-esterification status of pectic homogalacturonan and feruloylation of xylan, to their potential roles in forming a network to support both the strength and flexibility required for syncytium function.
Acquisition of Sequences Homologous to Host DNA by Closed Circular Simian Virus 40 DNA II. Further Studies on the Serial Passage of Virus Clones (1973)

Three plaque isolates of SV40 strain 777 and 1 plaque isolate of strain 776 were grown to high-titer stocks and serially passaged, undiluted, in monkey BS-C-1 cells. In each case, the serial passaging procedure resulted in the accumulation of closed-circular SV40 DNA molecules containing covalently linked sequences homologous to reiterated host cell DNA (called substituted virus DNA). The relative yields, at a given passage level, of SV40 DNA with measurable homology to host DNA varied in different sets of serial passages, including passages of the same virus clone. More reproducible yields of substituted viral DNA progeny were obtained when the serial passaging procedure was initiated from earlier passages rather than from the original plaque-purified stock. Fractionation of closed-circular SV40 DNA molecules on alkaline sucrose gadients indicated that the majority of substituted virus DNA molecules are not plaque producers and are slightly smaller in size than plaque-forming DNA molecules which display no detectable homology to host DNA. Evidence that substituted SV40 DNA molecules replicate during serial undiluted passage was obtained from experiments which demonstrated (i) the presence of host sequences in replicative forms of the viral DNA and (ii) the incorporation of (3)H-thymidine into host sequences isolated from the mature substituted virus DNA molecule.