gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Suppression of DIBL in deca-nano SOI MOSFETs by controlling permittivity and thickness of BOX layers (2009)

The Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect-Transistor (MOSFET) fabricated on a Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) substrate is effective to suppress Short Channel Effect (SCE), and is one of the most promising electron devices for Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) circuits for higher speed, higher integration density, and lower power consumption, and it has been already demonstrated that SCE in deep submicron SOI MOSFETs comes from Drain-Induced Barrier Lowering (DIBL) at SOI/Buried OXide (BOX) interface by the author's group. This paper elucidates the roles of permittivity and thickness of BOX layers in suppressing the DIBL in SOI MOSFETs by performing numerical device simulations of SOI MOSFETs with various permittivity and thickness of BOX systematically and by visualizing distribution of dielectric flux lines and current flow lines as well as contour potential lines in MOSFETs.
Symposium on electroslag component casting: proceedings (1984)

Despite a large number of studies describing the properties and effects of platelet-activating factor (PAF), little is known about its receptor structure. The characterization of the PAF receptor from additional cell types and species is important for the design of strategies to purify and characterize the receptor molecule. Porcine platelets were shown to bind PAF with characteristics similar to several other species, based on receptor number, affinity, and the activity of PAF antagonists. We found that the affinity for binding was higher in porcine than in rabbit platelets (Kd = 0.68 +/- 0.13 nM for rabbit and 0.29 +/- 0.10 nM for porcine). Porcine platelets have approximately 281 +/- 158 receptors per cell compared with 689 +/- 229 receptors in rabbit platelets. Rabbit platelets respond to concentrations of PAF that are approximately 10(5)-fold lower than those required for aggregation of porcine platelets, but this difference is probably not due to the differences in receptor number alone. When binding was compared between purified membranes from these two cell types, porcine platelets had 20-fold fewer receptors per milligram of membrane protein, but this difference may have been due to an artifact of the membrane preparation procedure. Binding of PAF was severely hindered at cold temperatures. It was undetectable in whole cells on ice and greatly reduced with purified membranes. This study is the first to characterize PAF receptors in porcine platelets, which represent a potentially useful source of receptor for further biochemical characterization.
Metal iris influence on guided-mode diffraction: errata (2007)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Panagiotis G. Gerolymatos, Alexander B. Manenkov, Ioannis G. Tigelis, and Angelos J. Amditis, "Metal iris influence on guided-mode diffraction: errata," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 24, 1808-1808 (2007) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Bone marrow T cell colony-forming cells: studies of their origin and use in monitoring T cell-depleted bone marrow grafts. (1985)

Peripheral blood T cell colony forming cells (T-CFC) are mature T cells. When blood was fractionated into sheep red blood cell receptor positive (E+) and negative (E-) fractions, T cell colony growth was largely restricted to the E+ population. When bone marrow was similarly fractionated, many colonies grew from the E- cells but myeloid colonies also grew making interpretation of colony numbers difficult. We have, therefore, also assessed T cell proliferation during culture as an expansion index (EI) by determining the absolute number of T cells pre and post culture. This data shows that T cell expansion is on average nine times greater in the E- marrow fraction than in the E+ fraction. Studies are presented suggesting that this is because marrow E- cells contain appropriate accessory cells and that high numbers of T cells inhibit T cell growth. The cells giving rise to bone marrow T cell colonies thus appear to be contaminating mature T cells rather than pre-thymic progenitor cells. We have measured T cell expansion in culture as a sensitive assay of T cell contamination following procedures to remove T cells from bone marrow grafts for the prevention of graft versus host disease (GVHD).
Interferon‐γ reverses the immunosuppressive and protumoral properties and prevents the generation of human tumor‐associated macrophages (2009)

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) are M2d-polarized cells (IL-10(high), IL-12(low), ILT3(high), CD86(low)) that accumulate in tumor microenvironment. TAM inhibit antitumor T lymphocyte generation and function, contribute to tumor tolerance and are trophic for tumors. In this study, we investigated whether some immunological factors may reverse TAM immunosuppressive properties. Among 32 cytokines, we have identified IFNgamma on its ability to switch immunosuppressive TAM into immunostimulatory cells. Upon IFNgamma exposure, TAM purified from ovarian cancer ascites recover a M1 phenotype (IL-10(low), IL-12(high)), express high levels of CD86 and low levels of ILT3, enhance the proliferation of CD4(+) T lymphocytes and potentiate the cytotoxic properties of a MelanA-specific CD8(+) T cell clone. IFNgamma-treated TAM also secreted reduced levels of mediators promoting suppressive T cell accumulation (CCL18) and trophic for tumors (VEGF and MMP9). As TAM derive from the local differentiation of peripheral blood monocytes, we investigated whether IFNgamma may also affect TAM generation. In the presence of ovarian ascites, IFNgamma skewed monocyte differentiation from TAM-like cells to M1-polarized immunostimulatory macrophages. Together, these data show that IFNgamma overcomes TAM-induced immunosuppression by preventing TAM generation and functions. These data highlight that IFNgamma used locally at the tumor site could potentiate the efficacy of antitumor immunotherapies based on the generation of effector T cells.
Frequent occurrence of high affinity T cells against MELOE‐1 makes this antigen an attractive target for melanoma immunotherapy (2010)

We recently showed that the infusion of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes specific for the MELOE-1 antigen was associated with a prolonged relapse-free survival for HLA-A2(+) melanoma patients who received tumor infiltrating lymphocytes therapy. Here, we characterized the MELOE-1/A2-specific T-cell repertoire in healthy donors and melanoma patients to further support an immunotherapy targeting this epitope. Using tetramer enrichment followed by multicolor staining, we found that MELOE-1-specific T cells were present in the blood of healthy donors and patients at similar frequencies (around 1 in 1x10(5) CD8(+) cells). These cells mainly displayed a naïve phenotype in 4/6 healthy donors and 3/6 patients, whereas high proportions of memory cells were observed in the remaining individuals of both groups. There was a recurrent usage of the Valpha12.1 chain for 17/18 MELOE-1-specific T-cell clones derived from healthy donors or patients, associated with diverse Vbeta chains and V(D)J junctional sequences. All clones derived from melanoma patients (9/9) were reactive against the MELOE-1(36-44) peptide and against HLA-A2(+) melanoma cell lines. This study documents the existence of a large TCR repertoire specific for the MELOE-1/A2 epitope and its capacity to give rise to antitumor CTL that supports the development of immunotherapies targeting this epitope.
Synthesis of Constrained Head‐to‐Tail Cyclic Tetrapeptides by an Imine‐Induced Ring‐Closing/Contraction Strategy (2013)

Making heads or tails of it: A strategy involving a head-to-tail imine-captured ring closure followed by ring contraction was used to synthesize otherwise difficult cyclic tetrapeptides. Compared with the direct lactamization process, the estimated activation energies for the cyclic imine formation and the ring contraction were lowered by 7.3 and 7.6 kcal mol−1, respectively, which enables cyclization. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Diagnostics and modeling of RF discharge dissociation in N<sub>2 </sub>O (1990)

Summary form only given. The RF discharge dissociation in N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2 </sub> O in a parallel-plate reactor was measured by downstream mass spectrometry. A wide range of gas flows and powers at 10 kHz and 13.56 MHz was used. It was found that the mass 44 signal (N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O+), which is a measure of the amount of undissociated N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O, is a function of the discharge input energy per N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O molecule (eV/N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O). The amount of dissociation increases as eV/N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O increases. The primary downstream products are N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2 </sub> , O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> , and NO. A plug flow, rate equation model of the discharge was used to predict the experimental dissociation rates. Rate coefficients for electron impact neutral dissociation, ionization, and dissociative ionization were obtained from a DC, Monte Carlo simulation assuming the time and space averaged value of <e1 xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">E</e1> / <e1 xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</e1> in the discharge. The rate equation model also includes reactions among the dissociation products of N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O and species which are synthesized in the discharge and electron-ion neutralization at the electrodes. The predicted values of the downstream product densities vs. eV/N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O agree with the experimental results
Gap solitons supported by mode hybridisation in Lithium Niobate nano-waveguides (2021)

Nano-waveguide platforms have been developed over the past decade providing strong field enhancement and allowing precise control of modal dispersion [1] . Such nano-waveguides produced from materials with strong quadratic (χ (2) ) nonlinearity make excitation of χ (2) temporal solitons feasible [2] . Compared with Kerr solitons, χ (2) solitons have tighter dispersion criteria making nano-waveguides the only practical method for their observation [2] , [3] . As seen in previous work in photonic crystal fibres [4] , mode hybridisation, which occurs generally in waveguides with rectangular (or close to rectangular) cross-section, provides conditions to study novel types of soliton and their dynamics.
Direct evidence for spatial and temporal regulation of transforming growth factor β1 expression during cutaneous wound healing (1991)

The expression of transforming growth factor (TGF beta 1) protein in human and porcine skin has been analyzed by immunohistochemistry with two polyclonal antibodies (anti-CC and anti-LC) following cutaneous injury. The anti-LC antibody binds intracellular TGF beta 1 constitutively expressed in the nonproliferating, differentiated suprabasal keratinocytes in the epidermis of normal human skin, while the anti-CC antibody does not react with the form of TGF beta 1 present in normal skin as previously shown. TGF beta 1 may play a role in wound healing as suggested by its effect on multiple cell types in vitro and its acceleration of wound repair in animals. We have evaluated the natural expression and localization of TGF beta 1 protein in situ during initiation, progression, and resolution of the wound healing response in two models of cutaneous injury: the human suction blister and the dermatome excision of partial thickness procine skin. Anti-CC reactive TGF beta 1 in the epidermis is rapidly induced within 5 minutes following injury and progresses outward from the site of injury. The induction reflects a structural or conformational change in TGF beta 1 protein and can be blocked by the protease inhibitor leupeptin or by EDTA, suggesting a change in TGF beta 1 activity. One day post-injury anti-CC reactive TGF beta 1 is present in all epidermal keratinocytes adjacent to the wound including the basal cells. This corresponds temporally to the transient block of the basal keratinocyte mitotic burst following epithelial injury. Three to 4 days post-injury anti-CC reactive TGF beta 1 is localized around the suprabasal keratinocytes, in blood vessels, and in the papillary dermis in cellular infiltrates. The exclusion of TGF beta 1 from the rapidly proliferating basal cells and its extracellular association with suprabasal keratinocytes may represent physiological compartmentation of TGF beta 1 activity. Anti-CC staining is strong in the leading edge of the migrating epithelial sheet. The constitutive anti-LC reactivity with suprabasal keratinocytes seen in normal epidermis is neither relocalized nor abolished adjacent to the injury, but anti-LC staining is absent in the keratinocytes migrating within the wound. As the wound healing response resolves and the skin returns to normal, anti-CC reactive TGF beta 1 disappears while constitutive anti-LC reactive TGF beta 1 persists. Thus, changes in the structure or conformation of TGF beta 1, its localization, and perhaps its activity vary in a spatial and temporal manner following cutaneous injury and correlate with physiological changes during wound healing.
Designing energy-efficient optical line terminal for TDM passive optical networks (2011)

This paper proposes a novel scheme which can efficiently reduce the energy consumption of Optical Line Terminals (OLTs) in Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) Passive Optical Networks (PONs) such as EPON and GPON. Currently, OLTs consume a significant amount of energy in PON, which is one of the major FTTx technologies. To be environmental friendly, it is desirable to reduce energy consumption of OLT as much as possible; such requirement becomes even more urgent as OLT keeps increasing its provisioning data rate, and higher data rate provisioning usually implies larger energy consumption. In this paper, we propose a novel energy-efficient OLT structure which guarantees services of end users with the smallest number of power-on OLT line cards. More specifically, we adapt the number of power-on OLT line cards to the real-time incoming traffic. Also, in order to avoid service disruption resulted by powering off OLT line cards, proper optical switches are equipped in OLT to dynamically configure the communications between OLT line cards and ONUs.
Sequential and Opposing Activities of Wnt and BMP Coordinate Zebrafish Bone Regeneration (2014)

Zebrafish fully regenerate lost bone, including after fin amputation, through a process mediated by dedifferentiated, lineage-restricted osteoblasts. Mechanisms controlling the osteoblast regenerative program from its initiation through reossification are poorly understood. We show that fin amputation induces a Wnt/β-catenin-dependent epithelial to mesenchymal transformation (EMT) of osteoblasts in order to generate proliferative Runx2(+) preosteoblasts. Localized Wnt/β-catenin signaling maintains this progenitor population toward the distal tip of the regenerative blastema. As they become proximally displaced, preosteoblasts upregulate sp7 and subsequently mature into re-epithelialized Runx2(-)/sp7(+) osteoblasts that extend preexisting bone. Autocrine bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling promotes osteoblast differentiation by activating sp7 expression and counters Wnt by inducing Dickkopf-related Wnt antagonists. As such, opposing activities of Wnt and BMP coordinate the simultaneous demand for growth and differentiation during bone regeneration. This hierarchical signaling network model provides a conceptual framework for understanding innate bone repair and regeneration mechanisms and rationally designing regenerative therapeutics.
<title>Long-term and thermal instability of carbon/carbon composite</title> (1994)

Very stringent dimensional stability requirements for metering rods of the NASA/Jet Propulsion Laboratory Cassini spacecraft NAC (Narrow Angle Camera) were the driving forces to select and conduct dimensional stability tests of several dimensionally stable materials. Carbon/carbon composite samples, among the other selected materials, were tested at the University of Arizona Dimensional Stability Laboratory. Fabry-Perot laser- interferometric techniques were used to measure dimensional changes to accuracies in the 0.01 ppm range. Coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), thermal hysteresis and temporal stability test results at 27.5 degree(s)C and 38 degree(s)C are reported here. The test results indicate that this carbon/carbon composite material, made from 2D fabric and pitch base fiber, appears to be the best among all tested nonmagnetic materials. A CTE of -1.5 ppm/$DEGC over the temperature range of -48 degree(s)C to +52 degree(s)C is reported here along with a temporal stability <EQ 1 ppm/year. However, demonstration of a relatively high thermal hysteresis within the temperature range of -48 degree(s)C to +52 degree(s)C was unexpected and a cause for further evaluation. A possible procedure to resolve this issue and an alternate carbon/carbon material design are also suggested here.
X‐Ray Study of the Solid Solution of TiO, Fe <sub>2</sub> O <sub>3</sub> , and G, O <sub>3</sub> in Mullite (3A1 <sub>2</sub> O <sub>3</sub> a2Si0 <sub>2</sub> ) (1960)

A study of the solid solution of TiO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 , and Cr 2 0 3 in mullite was made by measuring the changes in lattice parameters and unit‐cell volume. Synthetic mullite (3O 3 ‐2SiO 2 ) was reacted with up to 12 weight % of the oxides at temperatures ranging from 1000° to 17000C. The approximate minimum temperature required for the formation of solid solution was 12000C. for Fe 2 0 3 and 1400°C. for Cr 2 O 3 and TiO 3 . The maximum amount of solid solution found was 2 to 4% TiO 2 at 1600°C., 10 to 12% Fe 2 O s at 1300°C., and 8 to 10% Cr Z O 3 at 1600OC. Lattice parameters and unit‐cell volumes for each solid solution series increased with increasing amounts of foreign oxide. There was good agreement between the calculated and observed increase in cell dimensions for the iron oxide series. Except in the case of titania, there was good agreement between X‐ray data and petrographic observations.
FURTHER STUDIES ON THE REACTION BETWEEN HALOGEN-SUBSTITUTED NITRILES AND AMINES (1961)

The scope of the reaction of halogen-substituted nitriles and amines was extended by including trifluoro- and dichloro-acetonitrile. Trifluoroacetonitrile reacts easily with primary and secondary aliphatic, primary aromatic, and heterocyclic amines to give the corresponding amidines. N-Mono- and N-di-substituted dichloroacetamidines were prepared from dichloro-acetonitrile and amines, Trichloroacetonitrile also affords N-substituted amidines with heterocyclic amines.
RF-MEMS Components and Networks for High-Performance Reconfigurable Telecommunication and Wireless Systems (2012)

MEMS (MicroElectroMechanical-Systems) technology applied to the field of Radio Frequency systems (i.e. RF-MEMS) has emerged in the last 10-15 years as a valuable and viable solution to manufacture low-cost and very high-performance passive components, like variable capacitors, inductors and micro-relays, as well as complex networks, like tunable filters, reconfigurable impedance matching networks and phase shifters, and so on. The availability of such components and their integration within RF systems (e.g. radio transceivers, radars, satellites, etc.) enables boosting the characteristics and performance of telecommunication systems, addressing for instance a significant increase of their reconfigurability. The benefits resulting from the employment of RF-MEMS technology are paramount, being some of them the reduction of hardware redundancy and power consumption, along with the operability of the same RF system according to multiple standards. After framing more in detail the whole context of RF MEMS technology, this paper will provide a brief introduction on a typical RF-MEMS technology platform. Subsequently, some relevant examples of lumped RF MEMS passive elements and complex reconfigurable networks will be reported along with their measured RF performance and characteristics.
Low lamin A expression in lung adenocarcinoma cells from pleural effusions is a pejorative factor associated with high number of metastatic sites and poor Performance status (2017)

The type V intermediate filament lamins are the principal components of the nuclear matrix, including the nuclear lamina. Lamins are divided into A-type and B-type, which are encoded by three genes, LMNA, LMNB1, and LMNB2. The alternative splicing of LMNA produces two major A-type lamins, lamin A and lamin C. Previous studies have suggested that lamins are involved in cancer development and progression. A-type lamins have been proposed as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and/or follow-up. The aim of the present study was to investigate lamins in cancer cells from metastatic pleural effusions using immunofluorescence, western blotting, and flow cytometry. In a sub-group of lung adenocarcinomas, we found reduced expression of lamin A but not of lamin C. The reduction in lamin A expression was correlated with the loss of epithelial membrane antigen (EMA)/MUC-1, an epithelial marker that is involved in the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Finally, the lamin A expression was inversely correlated with the number of metastatic sites and the WHO Performance status, and association of pleural, bone and lung metastatic localizations was more frequent when lamin A expression was reduced. In conclusion, low lamin A but not lamin C expression in pleural metastatic cells could represent a major actor in the development of metastasis, associated with EMT and could account for a pejorative factor correlated with a poor Performance status.
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in women with invasive breast carcinoma: conceptual basis and fundamental surgical issues (2000)

Kuerer, Henry M. MD, PhD; Hunt, Kelly K. MD; Newman, Lisa A. MD, FACS; Ross, Merrick I. MD, FACS; Ames, Frederick C. MD, FACS; Singletary, Sonja E. MD, FACS Author Information