gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Severe Metabolic Alkalosis with Neurologic Abnormalities (1958)

EXTREME degrees of hypokalemic and hypochloremic alkalosis are occasionally seen in the adult patient. The case reported below is an example of such a metabolic abnormality, the severity of which is unique in our experience. Recognition and correetion of the electrolyte imbalance, which was associated with neurologic abnormalities, spared the patient an unnecessary neurosurgical procedure.Case ReportJ.G. (B.H. 38169–57), a 42-year-old man, was admitted to the hospital in a comatose condition. He was an alcoholic and had been on a prolonged drinking spree. Four days before admission he began to vomit, and 2 days later, because this symptom persisted, . . .
A new technique for finding the optical center of cameras (2002)

We present a new technique for finding the optical center of a camera. The proposed technique uses spheres as calibration objects. We prove a new key result, that the major axis of the ellipse image resulting from the perspective projection of a sphere would pass through the optical center of the image, and use this result to find the optical center of the camera. Spheres being isotropic, simplify the process of calibration greatly. The proposed technique has been tested on a large number of images and we present the results of some of the test cases.
Influence of different registration modalities on navigation accuracy in ear, nose, and throat surgery depending on the surgical field (2010)

L and OS meet accuracy requirements in the midface and anterior skull base. OS is superior to L with navigation accuracies comparable to marker registration. However, neither method meets the high precision requirements for lateral skull base surgery. Laryngoscope, 2010.
c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Activation of Activator Protein-1 Underlies Homologous Regulation of the Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor Gene in αT3-1 Cells (2003)

Reproductive function is dependent on the interaction between GnRH and its cognate receptor found on gonadotrope cells of the anterior pituitary gland. GnRH activation of the GnRH receptor (GnRHR) is a potent stimulus for increased expression of multiple genes including the gene encoding the GnRHR itself. Thus, homologous regulation of the GnRHR is an important mechanism underlying gonadotrope sensitivity to GnRH. Previously, we have found that GnRH induction of GnRHR gene expression in alpha T3-1 cells is partially mediated by protein kinase C activation of a canonical activator protein-1 (AP-1) element. In contrast, protein kinase A and a cAMP response element-like element have been implicated in mediating the GnRH response of the GnRHR gene using a heterologous cell model (GGH(3)). Herein we find that selective removal of the canonical AP-1 site leads to a loss of GnRH regulation of the GnRHR promoter in transgenic mice. Thus, an intact AP-1 element is necessary for GnRH responsiveness of the GnRHR gene both in vitro and in vivo. Based on in vitro analyses, GnRH appeared to enhance the interaction of JunD, FosB, and c-Fos at the GnRHR AP-1 element. Although enhanced binding of cFos reflected an increase in gene expression, GnRH appeared to regulate both FosB and JunD at a posttranslational level. Neither overexpression of a constitutively active Raf-kinase nor pharmacological blockade of GnRH-induced ERK activation eliminated the GnRH response of the GnRHR promoter. GnRH responsiveness was, however, lost in alpha T3-1 cells that stably express a dominant-negative c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) kinase, suggesting a critical role for JNK in mediating GnRH regulation of the GnRHR gene. Consistent with this possibility, we find that the ability of forskolin and membrane-permeable forms of cAMP to inhibit the GnRH response of the GnRHR promoter is associated with a loss of both JNK activation and GnRH-mediated recruitment of the primary AP-1-binding components.
Yield analysis of compiler-based arrays of embedded SRAMs (2004)

This paper presents a detailed analysis of the yield of embedded static random access memories (eSRAM) which are generated using a compiler. Defect and fault analysis inclusive of industrial data are presented for these chips by taking into account the design constructs (referred to as kernels) and the physical properties of the layout. The new tool CAYA (Compiler-based Array Yield Analysis) is based on a characterization of the design process which accounts for fault types and the relation between functional and structural faults; a novel empirical model is proposed to facilitate the yield calculation. Industrial data is provided for the analysis of various configurations with different structures and redundancy. The effectiveness and accuracy as provided by CAYA are assessed with respect to industrial designs.
Functions of nuclear factor κB in bone (2010)

Nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) is a set of multifunctional transcription factors that regulate expression of genes involved in numerous normal cellular activities. They also are activated in many inflammatory and neoplastic conditions in which their expression may be stimulated by proinflammatory cytokines. NF-kappaB, in turn, regulates the expression of cytokines and so can mediate autocrine self-amplifying cycles of cytokine release and NF-kappaB activation, leading to maintenance of inflammatory reactions beyond the initial stimulus, as seen in rheumatoid arthritis and asthma. Since discovery of the requirement of NF-kappaB for basal and cytokine-induced osteoclast formation in the mid-1990s, much has been learned about the role of NF-kappaB in bone. NF-kappaB has roles in skeletal development, endochondral ossification, osteoclast and osteoblast functions, and common bone diseases. NF-kappaB inhibitors have been developed, but none have made it to clinical trials for the treatment of common bone diseases. Here we review the roles for NF-kappaB in bone and in common bone diseases.
The Effect of Periodontal Treatment on Periodontal Bacteria on the Oral Mucous Membranes (1996)

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of conventional periodontal treatment on the prevalence of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Prevotella intermedia on oral mucous membranes in patients with periodontitis. Fifteen patients were selected with moderate to severe periodontitis (mean age: 39.8 years, range: 26 to 58). From each patient the 4 deepest sites with bleeding on probing were selected for clinical and microbiological evaluation. At baseline, 6 weeks after oral hygiene instruction and extensive scaling and root planing, and 3 months after periodontal surgery, clinical parameters and microbiological samples including saliva, oral mucous membranes, and supra- and subgingival plaque were evaluated for the presence of the 3 test bacteria using indirect immunofluorescence. All clinical variables, except redness, showed a significant improvement after surgery. After treatment, the subgingival prevalence of the 3 putative periodontal pathogens had decreased significantly. However, almost no concomitant reduction in the prevalence of the bacteria was seen on the oral mucous membranes. This suggests that the oral mucous membranes may serve as a source for reinfection of the periodontium after treatment.
MR evaluation of uterine anomalies (1987)

The MR features of uterine anomalies were analyzed in eight women. Scans were done on a 1.5-T magnet with T1-weighted (TR 600 msec, TE 25 msec) and T2-weighted (TR 2000-2500 msec, TE 35-80 msec) spin-echo images obtained in several planes. The anomalies consisted of bicornuate uterus (three cases), septate uterus (one case), bicornuate uterus with septation (two cases), unicornuate uterus (one case), and uterus didelphys with vaginal septum (one case). These diagnoses were confirmed by hysterosalpingography with laparoscopy (five cases), dilation and curettage with laparoscopy (one case), or cesarean section (two cases). In six of the eight cases, MR correctly identified and accurately classified the type of anomaly. In the other two cases, the MR diagnosis was a bicornuate uterus with septation. One case proved to be a uterus didelphys with vaginal septum, and the other a bicornuate uterus without septation. The study shows that MR is a valuable tool for the diagnosis of uterine anomalies.
Calculation of solvation and binding free energy differences for folate-based inhibitors of the enzyme thymidylate synthase (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCalculation of solvation and binding free energy differences for folate-based inhibitors of the enzyme thymidylate synthaseM. Rami Reddy, Russell J. Bacquet, Dominic Zichi, David A. Matthews, Katherine M. Welsh, Terence R. Jones, and Stephan FreerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 26, 10117–10122Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1992https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00052a005RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views258Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (4 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Vasculoprotective effects of heme oxygenase-1 in a murine model of hyperoxia-induced bronchopulmonary dysplasia (2012)

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is characterized by simplified alveolarization and arrested vascular development of the lung with associated evidence of endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, increased oxidative damage, and iron deposition. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has been reported to be protective in the pathogenesis of diseases of inflammatory and oxidative etiology. Because HO-1 is involved in the response to oxidative stress produced by hyperoxia and is critical for cellular heme and iron homeostasis, it could play a protective role in BPD. Therefore, we investigated the effect of HO-1 in hyperoxia-induced lung injury using a neonatal transgenic mouse model with constitutive lung-specific HO-1 overexpression. Hyperoxia triggered an increase in pulmonary inflammation, arterial remodeling, and right ventricular hypertrophy that was attenuated by HO-1 overexpression. In addition, hyperoxia led to pulmonary edema, hemosiderosis, and a decrease in blood vessel number, all of which were markedly improved in HO-1 overexpressing mice. The protective vascular response may be mediated at least in part by carbon monoxide, due to its anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and antiapoptotic properties. HO-1 overexpression, however, did not prevent alveolar simplification nor altered the levels of ferritin and lactoferrin, proteins involved in iron binding and transport. Thus the protective mechanisms elicited by HO-1 overexpression primarily preserve vascular growth and barrier function through iron-independent, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory pathways.
Novel Use of <i>N</i>-Carboalkoxy α,β-Unsaturated Iminium Ions as Dienophiles in Diels-Alder Reactions (2008)

Tricyclic spiro-N,O-acetals have been assembled in a single step by cycloaddition of hydroxymethyl-substituted dienes to iminium ion activated dienophiles that were generated by acidolysis of α,β-unsaturated-N-carboalkoxy-N,O-acetals or β-methoxymethyl-N-carboalkoxy-enamines. The cycloaddition was conducted using Sc(OTf)3 as a mild Lewis acid affording the endo adducts in moderate yields.
Transmission enhanced optical lenses with self-organized antireflective subwavelength structures for the UV range (2011)

We present transmission increased fused silica lenses produced by using self-organized antireflective structures for which we developed an efficient manufacturing process. The spectral transmission measured over the whole lens aperture shows a significant transmission enhancement of up to 3.5% in the UV range. Local measurements on the lens's surface reveal a strongly reduced reflection of below 0.1% for 300 nm wavelength, which is homogeneous over the whole lens. Further, the lenses show a broadband spectral antireflection behavior. For 600 nm wavelength the reflection was measured at about 1%.
Saporin Conjugates and Pain (2007)

Several saporin-containing targeted toxins have been used in studies of nociception/pain. This chapter reviews this exciting area, including some of our most recent work. Certainly, substance P-saporin (SP-sap), the first conjugate used for pain research, has generated the most data and interest, but a number of other saporin conjugates have been introduced, and others are on the way. A review discusses this topic ().
The Candida albicans Sup35p protein (CaSup35p): function, prion-like behaviour and an associated polyglutamine length polymorphism The GenBank accession numbers for the sequences determined in this work are AF020554 (CaSUP35 gene) and AY028660–AY028673 (CaSUP35 N domains). (2002)

The Sup35p protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an essential translation factor whose prion-like properties give rise to the non-Mendelian genetic element [PSI(+)]. In this study the SUP35 gene from the related yeast species Candida albicans has been characterized. The CaSUP35 gene encodes a protein (CaSup35p) of 729 aa which shows 65% amino acid identity to the S. cerevisiae Sup35p protein (ScSup35p), with the C-terminal region showing greater identity (79%) than the N-terminal region. The full-length CaSup35p can functionally replace ScSup35p in S. cerevisiae although complementation is only complete when CaSup35p is overexpressed. Complementation only requires expression of the CaSup35p C domain. In S. cerevisiae the full-length CaSup35p is unable to establish a prion-like aggregated state even in the presence of endogenous ScSup35p prion 'seeds', thus confirming the existence of a species barrier in fungal prion propagation. Subcellular localization studies in C. albicans show that although CaSup35p is normally ribosome-associated, when not ribosome-associated, it does not form pelletable high-molecular-mass aggregates characteristic of the ScSup35p in [PSI(+)] strains. Unlike the ScSup35p, the CaSup35p N domain contains a number of polyglutamine repeats although it does contain seven copies of the peptide GGYQQ that is repeated in the ScSup35p N domain. Analysis of the CaSUP35 gene from 14 different strains of C. albicans identified four naturally occurring polymorphisms associated with changes in the length of the largest of the polyglutamine repeats. These findings have important implications for the evolution of fungal prion genes.
Infrared spectroscopic evidence for photochemical generation of the metallocenes [(η-C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>2</sub>M](M = Mo or W) in low-temperature matrices (1979)

U.v. photolysis of [(η-C5H5)2WH2], [(η-C5H5)2WD2], [(η-C5H5)2WCO], or [(η-C5H5)2W(CH3)H] in an argon matrix at 10 K leads to a common product identified by i.r. spectroscopy as [(η-C5H5)2W], and similarly photolysis of [(η-C5H5)2MoH2] or [(η-C5H5)2MoCO] affords [(η-C5H5)2Mo]; trapping experiments with a CO matrix show that the elimination of H2 from [(η-C5H5)2-MH2](M = Mo or W) is close to concerted.
The<i>Gata5</i>target,<i>TGIF2</i>, defines the pancreatic region by modulating BMP signals within the endoderm (2007)

Mechanisms underlying regional specification of distinct organ precursors within the endoderm, including the liver and pancreas, are still poorly understood. This is particularly true for stages between endoderm formation and the initiation of organogenesis. In this report, we have investigated these intermediate steps downstream of the early endodermal factor Gata5, which progressively lead to the induction of pancreatic fate. We have identified TGIF2 as a novel Gata5 target and demonstrate its function in the establishment of the pancreatic region within dorsal endoderm in Xenopus. TGIF2 acts primarily by restricting BMP signaling in the endoderm to allow pancreatic formation. Consistently, we found that blocking BMP signaling by independent means also perturbs the establishment of pancreatic identity in the endoderm. Previous findings demonstrated a crucial role for BMP signaling in determining dorsal/ventral fates in ectoderm and mesoderm. Our results now extend this trend to the endoderm and identify TGIF2 as the molecular link between dorsoventral patterning of the endoderm and pancreatic specification.
Versatile Complexation Ability of Very Large Phosphino-Terminated Dendrimers (1997)

The synthesis of phosphino-terminated dendrimers is described up to the tenth generation, which possess more than 3000 phosphino groups (3-[G'(10)()]). Several complexation reactions of these dendrimers toward various low oxidation states transition metal derivatives have been carried out, up to generation 5 for iron (4-[G'(5)()]: 96 Ph(2)P-->Fe(CO)(4) groups), generation 4 for tungsten (5-[G'(4)()]: 48 Ph(2)P-->W(CO)(5) groups), generation 10 for gold (6-[G'(10)()]: 3072 Ph(2)P-->Au-Cl groups), and generation 6 for rhodium (8-[G'(6)()]: 192 Ph(2)P-->Rh(acac)(CO) groups). These reactions demonstrate that the phosphino-terminated dendrimers behave analogously to monophosphines, in spite of the nanometer size of the high generations.
The control of normal and leukaemic human cells by the colony stimulating factors (1986)

Clonal Proliferation by 25E11 Fractionated 109 Cells 4.2.3Fractionation of Marrow Cells Using Monoclonal 114 Antibody WEM-G1 4.2.3.1 Clonal Proliferation by WEM-G1 Fraction-119 ated Cells 4.2.
ChemInform Abstract: A Molecular Modeling Study of the Catalytic Mechanism of Haloalkane Dehalogenase. Part 2. Quantum Chemical Study of Complete Reaction Mechanism. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Abstract B74: Elafin drives poor outcome in high-grade serous ovarian cancers and basal-like breast tumors (2013)

Abstract High grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) and basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) share many features including TP53 mutations, genomic instability and poor prognosis. We recently reported that Elafin is overexpressed by HGSOC and is associated with poor overall survival. Here, we confirmed that Elafin overexpression is associated with shorter survival in 1000 HGSOC patients. Elafin confers a proliferative advantage to tumor cells through activation of the MAP kinase pathway. This mitogenic effect can be neutralized by RNA interference, specific antibodies, and a MEK inhibitor. Elafin expression in patient-derived samples was also associated with chemoresistance and strongly correlates with bcl-xL expression. We translated these findings into examination of 1100 primary breast tumors and 6 breast cancer cell lines. We observed that Elafin is overexpressed and secreted specifically by BLBC tumors and cell lines, leading to a similar mitogenic effect through activation of the MAP kinase pathway. Here too, Elafin overexpression is associated with shorter overall survival, suggesting that it may serve as a biomarker or therapeutic target in this setting. Citation Format: Intidhar Labidi-Galy, Adam Clauss, Vivian Ng, Sekhar Duraisamy, Kevin M. Elias, Erhan Bilal, Rachel A. Davidowitz, Yiling Lu, Gayane Badalian-Very, Hui-Ying Piao, Un-Beom Kang, Scott Ficarro, Shridar Ganesan, Gordon B. Mills, Jarrod Marto, Ronny Drapkin. Elafin drives poor outcome in high-grade serous ovarian cancers and basal-like breast tumors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Ovarian Cancer Research: From Concept to Clinic; Sep 18-21, 2013; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2013;19(19 Suppl):Abstract nr B74.
Delay-throughput performance of packet service in UMTS (2002)

The UMTS W-CDMA radio interface is characterized by great flexibility and a variety of different physical and logical channel types, rates and protections are possible, by choosing suitable parameters, such as spreading factors, code rates and ARQ schemes. In this paper we present the results, obtained by a detailed simulation, about the effect of several parameters and system alternatives on the capacity of the downlink shared channel.
MEMS-tunable vertical-cavity SOAs (2005)

We present the signal gain, wavelength tuning characteristics, saturation properties, and noise figure (NF) of MEMS-based widely tunable vertical-cavity semiconductor optical amplifiers (VCSOAs) for various optical cavity designs, and we compare the theoretical results to data generated from a number of experimental devices. Using general Fabry-Pe/spl acute/rot relationships, it is possible to model both the wavelength tuning characteristics and the peak signal gain of tunable vertical-cavity amplifiers, while a rate-equation analysis is used to describe the saturation output power and NF as a function of the VCSOA resonant wavelength. Additionally, the basic design principles for an integrated electrostatic actuator are outlined. It is found that MEMS-tunable VCSOAs follow many of the same design trends as fixed-wavelength devices. However, with tunable devices, the effects of varying mirror reflectance and varying single-pass gain associated with the MEMS-based tuning mechanism lead to changing amplifier properties over the wavelength span of the device.
HLA-E expression by gynecological cancers restrains tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T lymphocytes (2012)

HLA-E is a nonclassical HLA class I molecule, which differs from classical HLA molecules by its nonpolymorphic, conserved nature. Expression and function of HLA-E in normal tissues and solid tumors is not fully understood. We investigated HLA-E protein expression on tissue sections of 420 ovarian and cervical cancers and found equal or higher levels than normal counterpart epithelia in 80% of the tumors. Expression was strongly associated with components of the antigen presentation pathway, e.g., transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP), endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptide (ERAP), β2 microglobulin (β2m), HLA classes I and II, and for ovarian cancer with tumor infiltrating CD8+ T lymphocytes (CTLs). This association argues against the idea that HLA-E would compensate for the loss of classical HLA in tumors. In situ detection of HLA-E interacting receptors revealed a very low infiltrate of natural killer (NK) cells, but up to 50% of intraepithelial CTLs expressed the inhibiting CD94/NKG2A receptor. In cervical cancer, HLA-E expression did not alter the prognostic effect of CTLs, most likely due to very high infiltrating CTL numbers in this virus-induced tumor. Overall survival of ovarian cancer patients, however, was strongly influenced by HLA-E, because the beneficial effect of high CTL infiltration was completely neutralized in the subpopulation with strong HLA-E expression. Interestingly, these results indicate that CTL infiltration in ovarian cancer is associated with better survival only when HLA-E expression is low and that intratumoral CTLs are inhibited by CD94/NKG2A receptors on CTLs in the tumor microenvironment.