gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Can scanning n-tuple classifiers be improved by pre-transforming training data? (1996)

A new method of applying n-tuple recognition techniques to handwritten OCR has recently been reported, which involves scanning an n-tuple classifier over a chain-code of the image. In scanning n-tuple systems, the traditional advantages of n-tuple recognition i.e. training and recognition speed are retained, while offering superior recognition accuracy, as demonstrated by results on three widely used data sets. Furthermore, the scanning n-tuple systems are less liable to saturation than conventional n-tuple classifiers. One effect of this is that even for large datasets, the training set accuracy remains extremely close to 100%. This paper explores the idea of expanding the training set artificially by pre-transforming the images in various ways, the aim being to improve recognition accuracy on unseen data.
Introduction to the Sydney soil model (2012)

In this paper a new constitutive model recently suggested by the authors, referred to as the Sydney Soil model, is introduced. The Sydney Soil Model is formulated within the framework of Critical State Soil Mechanics and is suitable for describing the behaviour of structured soils including both clays and sands. In the proposed model, the mechanical behaviour of soil is divided into two parts, that at a reference state and that attributed to the influence of soil structure. The reference state behaviour is formulated according to the soil properties at the critical state of deformation, based on the concept of plastic volumetric hardening. The effects of structure are captured in the model by incorporation of the additional voids ratio that arises due to the presence of soil structure. The formulation is generalized to include both isotropic compression and general shearing. The paper contains the following two parts: (1) the theoretical framework of the Sydney Soil Model; and (2) the capacity of the model to predict laboratory single element tests, including a summary of the main features of soil behaviour that can be successfully captured by the model.
Influence of substitution elements on magnetic and thermal properties of amorphous Fe<sub>79</sub> B<sub>16</sub> Si<sub>5</sub> ribbons (1988)

The ribbons we submitted to experiments correspond to the formula Fe79-xB16Si5Mx with X = 1, 2, 4, 6 at % and M = Cr, V, Mo, Nb, Ni. We measured the Curie and crystallization temperatures Tc and Tx; Tc decreases and Tx increases when the concentration of M = Cr, V, Mo, Nb increases whereas this phenomenon is reverse for Ni.
Heterocyclic Sulfur Compounds-Cv 1,2-Dihmtdro-3,1,2,γ<sup>5</sup>-Benzothiazaphosphinine-2,4-Dithiones—A New Synthetic Route to 2-Arylamino-Thiobenzamides and To 2-(2-Arylaminophenyl)-4,5-Dihydrothiazoles (Or Oxazoles) (1986)

Abstract 2-Alkoxy-1-aryl-1,2-dihydro-3,1,2γ-benzothiazaphosphinint-2,4-dithiones react with a primary or secondary alkylamine and an alcohol giving a 2-arylaminc-thiobenzamide and an O,O-dialkyl alkylammonium dithiophosphate. Ethane-1,2-diamine and propanc-1,3-diamine, with the same reagents, give a 2,2′-bis-(arylamino)-N,N'-di(or tri)methylenebis(thiobenzamide) accompanied, respectively, by a 242-arylaminophenyl)-4,5-dihydrc-1H-imidazole or by a 2-(2-arylaminophenyl)-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine. In similar conditions, 2-amincethanol leads to the expected thiobenzamide. often accompanied by a 2-(2-arylaminophenyl)4,5-dihydrooxazole. With 2-amino-ethanethiol, a 2-(2-arylaminophenyl)-4.5-dihydrothazole is obtained.
Caracterização espectroscópica de peixe do período cretáceo (Bacia do Araripe) (2007)

THE CRETACEOUS PERIOD (ARARIPE BASIN). The study of fossils has made considerable progress over the last years as a result of the use of new experimental techniques. This paper describes the chemical composition of a fossilized fish of the Cretaceous period, from a 100 million-year-old, material originated from the Araripe Basin (northeastern Brazil). The chemical composition of the fossilized fish was analyzed by means of X-ray powder diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The spectroscopic study has proven that the main substances found in the fossilized fish are CaCO3 and Ca5(PO4)3(OH). A tentative mechanism to explain the fossilization process is also given.
Biosynthesis of human C-reactive protein in cultured hepatoma cells is induced by a monocyte factor(s) other than interleukin-1. (1987)

An in vitro cell culture system utilizing continuous human liver cells has been developed which, upon specific induction, will respond by synthesizing, de novo, the prototype acute phase reactant, C-reactive protein (CRP). Induction of CRP in vitro is not brought about by the types of hormones, steroids, and chemicals which affect other acute phase proteins. In particular, interleukin-1 thought to be directly responsible for acute phase induction is not found to be active. Direct testing of other purified biological response modifiers, i.e. alpha, beta, and gamma-interferon, interleukin-2, and tumor necrosis factor, demonstrates no inducing activity. However, we find that human peripheral blood monocytes, stimulated by endotoxin, produce a factor(s) which directly induces CRP synthesis in hepatoma cells. In addition, the human promyelocyte-like cell line HL-60 in the presence of phorbol ester and certain T-cell lines containing human retroviruses also produce this CRP-inducing factor(s). Isolation and partial purification of the CRP-inducing factor(s) indicate that it is a protein(s) with a molecular weight of approximately 30,000.
Numerical Investigation of High Bypass Ratio Fan Tone Noise (2014)

Results of the high bypass ratio (>8) turbojet fan tone noise simulations in the cutback and sideline operating conditions are presented. Calculations are performed using the method of 3D unsteady numerical calculation of interaction between fan rows implemented in the 3DAS (3 Dimensional Acoustics Solver) CIAM in-house solver. The results of computations are compared with the experimental data for the fan under consideration, obtained in the anechoic chamber of CIAM C-3A acoustic test facility. Comparison was performed for first three harmonics of tone noise for each of conditions. It showed satisfactory qualitative and quantitative agreement between the results of the simulation and the experiment.
Experimental investigation on the charge-discharge performance of the commercial lithium-ion batteries (2017)

The lithium ion battery has been widely applied in the fields of electric vehicles and electronic products due to its advantages of high power density, long lifespan and low self-discharging, etc. In this study, two lithium ion batteries are adopted to explore the effects of different thermal conditions on battery’s performance. One of thermal conditions makes battery close to adiabatic condition similar to the thermal condition of battery pack without any thermal management system. Another thermal condition is constant temperature condition employed to simulate the thermal condition of battery pack with thermal management system. The experimental results show that (i) next chargeable capacities of these batteries are dependent on the previous dischargeable capacities for all thermal conditions; (ii) dischargeable capacities of these batteries markedly decrease with the increase of the discharge rates under 20°C constant temperature condition; (iii) dischargeable capacities are independent on discharge rates under close to adiabatic condition because the obvious battery temperature rise can offset the adverse effects of higher discharge rates on battery’s performance. Although higher battery temperature is conductive to weaken or eliminate the adverse effects of higher discharge rates, excessively high temperature can also accelerate battery aging and easily cause battery thermal runaway, which indicates that it is necessary for battery pack with thermal management system to control thermal conditions of batteries.
SAE - an Important Part of the Curriculum (2003)

The SAE concept is one of the unique characteristics that separates Agricultural Education from other subject areas. We all know that SAE has many purposes and objectives that benefit our students by challenging them to gain new skills and experiences. Convincing students to begin this journey because they will improve their education will not suffice as a motivating tool. Improving employability and life skills by participating in an activity that combines the three domains of learning won't be seen as inspiring, either. First year students aren't thinking about building a resume and few have made definite decisions on a career path. The main motivational factor for participation is recognition through the FFA. The second motivator is that SAEs are promoted and supervised by one of the greatest role models a student will ever have - their agricultural education teacher. Whether you recognize the three intersecting bubbles or the triangle where each side supports the other, SAE, FFA and Agricultural Education are integral to the success of each aspect. SAE should be a curriculum area that is taught in every agricultural education course. The first years of agricultural education are the best times to teach about and promote SAE. Middle school, where applicable, and the first year of high school are critical starting points for influencing impressionable minds. The end result of winning a state or national honor may be a good starting point. Working backwards from there, the teacher should highlight the current and growing list of proficiency awards along with the meanings of each, degrees of membership, and review other individual opportunities offered through the FFA. Record keeping, with examples of positive cash flow, is also encouraging. Students should know the differences between the proficiency award divisions of 'placement' and 'entrepreneurship' and the timeline needed to be successful at the state and national levels. Students will be able to tell early that wide ranges of options are available to them. Types of SAE could include: * AgriScience and Technology * Agribusiness and Agri-entrepreneurship * Agricultural Production * Exploration and Skills * Improvement * Outdoor Management * Agricultural Specialty Areas Students should realize that SAE opportunities available to them today have changed since their father's SOEP or their grandfather's project. Even though the SAE options that were available 25 years ago are still viable objectives, FFA recognition opportunities have grown and diversified dramatically in reaction to agricultural trends. …
Adaptive Reordering and Clustering-Based Framework for Efficient XACML Policy Evaluation (2010)

The adoption of XACML as the standard for specifying access control policies for various applications, especially web services is vastly increasing. This calls for high performance XACML policy evaluation engines. A policy evaluation engine can easily become a bottleneck when enforcing XACML policies with a large number of rules. In this paper we propose an adaptive approach for XACML policy optimization. We apply a clustering technique to policy sets based on the K-means algorithm. In addition to clustering we find that, since a policy set has a variable number of policies and a policy has a variable number of rules, their ordering is important for efficient execution. By clustering policy sets and reordering policies and rules in a policy set and policies respectively, we formulated and solved the optimal policy execution problem. The proposed clustering technique categorizes policies and rules within a policy set and policy respectively in respect to target subjects. When a request is received, it is redirected to applicable policies and rules that correspond to its subjects; hence, avoiding unnecessary evaluations from occurring. We also propose a usage based framework that computes access request statistics to dynamically optimize the ordering access control to policies within a policy set and rules within a policy. Reordering is applied to categorized policies and rules from our proposed clustering technique. To evaluate the performance of our framework, we conducted extensive experiments on XACML policies. We evaluated separately the improvement due to categorization and to reordering techniques, in order to assess the policy sets targeted by our techniques. The experimental results show that our approach is orders of magnitude more efficient than standard Sun PDP.
Identification of Genes Involved in Liver Cancer Cell Growth Using an Antisense Library of Phage Genomic DNA (2004)

These results suggest that the LC-antisense library offers potential for unique high-throughput screening to find genes involved in a specific biological function, and may prove to be an effective target validation system for gene-based drug discovery.
<title>Application of stochastic mixing models to hyperspectral detection problems</title> (1997)

Hyperspectral images are frequently analyzed in terms of the linear mixing model, which assumes that observed pixel radiances are generated by linear combinations of a relatively small number of spectral constituent signatures. The constituents are generally modeled as deterministic points in color space whose locations can in principle be found by exploiting the convex geometry of the mixture simplex. This paper presents an alternative stochastic mixing model (SMM) that associates scene constituents with distinct probability distributions,the parameters of which are estimated from observed data using statistical clustering methods. By defining distributions corresponding to both constituent and mixed pixel classes, the SMM can often be used to generate physically meaningful classification maps of spectrally-heterogeneous scenes. However, the most significant application of the stochastic approach is to hyperspectral target detection based on statistical decision theory concepts. A SMM can provide accurate parametric estimates of the spectral distributions for mixed scenes, thereby improving the performance of hypothesis testing procedures that utilize replacement targets with spectral signature uncertainty. SMM principles and applications are illustrated using hyperspectral imagery collected by the LIFTIRS and HYDICE instruments.
Power Transistor 2N3055 as a Solar Cell Device (2018)

The abundance power radiated by the sun can be converted into alternative electric energy. The proposed method in this paper is by utilizing the transistor waste type 2N3055. The transistor contains photocell that can convert energy radiated by the sun into electricity. The 2N3055 type of transistor composed by Aluminum (Al) 45.55%, Carbon (C) 32.40 %, Nb (Niobium) 13.42 %, Zr (Zirconium) 7.02 %, and O (Oxygen) 1,61 %, this data is provided by SEM-EDX analysis. The experiment was conducted at 10.00 AM, 12.00 PM and 02.00 PM. The experimental results show that the maximum energy is acquired at 12.00 PM since at 12.00 PM the position of the sun and the earth are at the smallest angle. The maximum power conversion is obtained when the sun is perpendicular to the earth position at 12.00 PM. The maximum power acquired is 3.55 watt during the radiation intensity of 51729 lux.
The Agricultural Business Management Program: Lessons Learned at Oregon State University (1993)

This study argues that the uniqueness of the agricultural industry justifies the development of agribusiness as an alternative degree major within traditional agricultural economics department. Successful curricula must focus on elements of decision making that are unique to agricultural business industries. In particular, agribusiness program should complement and not duplicate the curricula offered by business school. Special characteristics of agriculture were identified and presented as the conceptual framework for agribusiness programs. Using Oregon State University as a case study, the analysis examines in depth the experiences and lessons learned from its implementation of agribusiness management programs.
Compositional specification and verification of distributed systems (1994)

We present a method for specification and verification of distributed systems that communicate via asynchronous message passing. The method handles both safety and liveness properties. It is compositional, i.e., a specification of a composite system can be obtained from specifications of its components. Specifications are given as labeled transition systems with fairness properties, using a program-like notation with guarded multiple assignments. Compositionality is attained by partitioning the labels of a transition system into input events, which intuitively denote message receptions, and output events, which intuitively denote message transmissions. A specification denotes a set of allowed sequences of message transmissions and receptions, in analogy with the way finite automata are used as acceptors of finite strings. A lower-level specification implements a higher-level one. We present a verification technique which reduces the problem of verifying the correctness of an implementation to classical verification conditions. Safety properties are verified by establishing a simulation relation between transition systems. Liveness properties are verified using methods for proving termination under fairness assumptions. Since specifications can be given at various levels of abstraction, the method is suitable in a development process where a detailed implementation is developed from an abstract specification through a sequence of refinement steps. As an application of the method, an algorithm by Thomas for updating a distributed database is specified and verified.
Effects of Dietary Fish and Weight Reduction on Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Overweight Hypertensives (1998)

Obesity is a major factor contributing to hypertension and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Regular consumption of dietary fish and omega3 fatty acids of marine origin can lower blood pressure (BP) levels and reduce cardiovascular risk. This study examined the potential effects of combining dietary fish rich in omega3 fatty acids with a weight loss regimen in overweight hypertensive subjects, with ambulatory BP levels as the primary end point. Using a factorial design, 69 overweight medication-treated hypertensives were randomized to a daily fish meal (3.65 g omega3 fatty acids), weight reduction, the 2 regimens combined, or a control regimen for 16 weeks. Sixty-three subjects with a mean+/-SEM body mass index of 31.6+/-0.5 kg/m2 completed the study. Weight fell by 5.6+/-0.8 kg with energy restriction. Dietary fish and weight loss had significant independent and additive effects on 24-hour ambulatory BP. Effects were greatest on awake systolic and diastolic BP (P<0.01); relative to control, awake pressures fell 6.0/3.0 mm Hg with dietary fish alone, 5.5/2.2 mm Hg with weight reduction alone, and 13.0/9.3 mm Hg with fish and weight loss combined. These results also remained significant after further adjustment for changes in urinary sodium, potassium, or the sodium/potassium ratio, as well as dietary macronutrients. Dietary fish also significantly reduced 24-hour (-3.1+/-1.4 bpm, P=0.036) and awake (-4.2+/-1.6 bpm, P=0. 013) ambulatory heart rates. Weight reduction had a significant effect on sleeping heart rate only (-3.2+/-1.7 bpm, P=0.037). Combining a daily fish meal with a weight-reducing regimen led to additive effects on ambulatory BP and decreased heart rate. The effects were large, suggesting that cardiovascular risk and antihypertensive drug requirements are likely to be reduced substantially by combining dietary fish meals rich in omega3 fatty acids with weight-loss regimens in overweight medication-treated hypertensives. The reduction in heart rate seen with dietary fish suggests a cardiac/autonomic component, as well as vascular effects, of increased consumption of omega3 fatty acid from fish.
Programming in Scala (2008)

1. Getting Started with APM 2. Business Justification 3. Assessments 4. Staffing and Responsibilities 5. APM Patterns 6. The Pilot Evaluation 7. Deployment Strategies 8. Essential Processes 9. Essential Service Capabilities 10. Solution Sizing 11. Load Generation 12. Baselines 13. The Application Audit 14. Triage with Single Metrics 15. Triage with Baselines 16. Triage with Trends 17. Firefighting and Critical Situations
Resisting Political Fragmentation on the Internet (2011)

Must the Internet promote political fragmentation? Although this is a possible outcome of personalized online news, we argue that other futures are possible and that thoughtful design could promote more socially desirable behavior. Research has shown that individuals crave opinion reinforcement more than they avoid exposure to diverse viewpoints and that, in many situations, hearing the other side is desirable. We suggest that, equipped with this knowledge, software designers ought to create tools that encourage and facilitate consumption of diverse news streams, making users, and society, better off. We propose several techniques to help achieve this goal. One approach focuses on making useful or intriguing opinion-challenges more accessible. The other centers on nudging people toward diversity by creating environments that accentuate its benefits. Advancing research in this area is critical in the face of increasingly partisan news media, and we believe these strategies can help.
Disaster management system based on GIS web services (2010)

Disaster management system based on GIS web services exclusively designed to handle the disaster such as tsunami, flood, earthquake, cyclone etc. The necessity of the system is many people lives in danger because of lack of providing timely help to the affected victims and tardy response of relief works. Disaster management system incorporates with GIS web services to identify the affected areas and possible routes to reach the location. To the general public the system provides the information of getting the medical aid and relief materials to the deceased victim. In this paper, we have designed a prototype for disaster management system using GIS web service which envision of providing the required services to the needy people. The system consisting of three important services police, fire and medical has been developed using GIS web services and using AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML)approach the spatial data are integrated into the map. Since the spatial data are bulk in size, integration of GIS data with the map is a challenge for GIS developers. In the conventional process every time the request will be processed by the server and send back the response to the client. Since this is a time consuming process and the performance of the system will be deteriorated. To address this issue, the AJAX was introduced to integrate with the GIS web service. By integrating AJAX with GIS web services, the map and the spatial data can be loaded efficiently into the client browser and loading time can be minimized. Moreover, Quality of Service (QoS) optimization using fuzzy inference rule based approach has been introduced to select the best web service in case of similar service is available for same functionality in the internet. Using this approach QoS attributes of response time, throughput, availability and reliability of GIS web service are optimized and according to the user's requirement best service will be provided to the client. The system also designed to support mobile environment.