gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Primordial Proteins and HIV (2005)

Primordial proteins regulate the response of nanobacteria to variations in their environment and reinforce existing pathogenic potentials. By analyzing specific response patterns, we predicted the prevalence of nanobacteria in HIV--and in the atmosphere. A current clinical study indicates the identification of a possibly giant nanobacterial reservoir in Africa: a significant fraction of a test group (40 HIV-infected mothers and 13 babies) was infected with nanobacteria. Concurrently, a multitude of 80-300 nm nanovesicles, apparently nanobacteria, were detected in the atmosphere of the Earth. Nanobacterial infections in HIV are possibly comparable to the twin epidemics HIV and tuberculosis. Models inspired by proteomics recommend methods to inactivate nanobacteria (and other slime-producing bacteria) in the body.
Correlation of B virus and herpes simplex virus antibodies in human sera. (1967)

Abstract A total of 113 laboratory workers, whose history of contact with monkeys or monkey tissues ranged from 0 to 30 years, were tested for herpes simplex virus (HSV) and B virus (BV) neutralising antibodies. Eighty-three per cent of them were positive for HSV antibody and 69 per cent were positive for BV antibody. Of the 35 persons negative for BV antibody, 18 were also negative for HSV antibody. There was no difference in the rate of either antibody between males and females, but a distinct increase in the rates and levels of both was noted with increase in age. No significant correlation could be established between, the rate of presence of BV antibody and duration of contact with monkeys or their tissues. In only one instance was BV antibody detected, and that in low level, in a person with no HSV antibody. This man had been working with monkeys for less than 1 year. In all other cases, BV antibody occurred only when HSV antibody was also present, and a striking correlation was noted between the levels of the two antibodies: BV antibody was absent when HSV antibody was absent or had a geometric mean titer of 1:22; its mean rose to 1:7 when that of HSV was 1:48, and to 1:24 when that of HSV was 1:88. HSV antibody levels were also higher than those of BV in 3 of 4 commercial lots of human gamma globulin of placental origin, although the reverse was true of the fourth lot. The levels of BV antibody of five experimental lots of gamma globulin from monkeys, prepared by the same procedure and to the same protein concentration, were comparable to those of gamma globulin from humans. The implications of these findings with regard to the protection of man against accidental infection with BV have been discussed.
Metabolic activation pathway for the formation of DNA adducts of the carcinogen 2-amino-l-methyl-6-phenyUmidazo[4,5-<i>b</i>]pyridine (PhIP) in rat extrahepatic tissues (1994)

The food-borne mutagen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) induces tumors in colon of male rats and has been implicated in the etiology of human cancers, particularly colorectal cancer. This study was conducted to examine: (1) the biliary and/or circulatory transport of N-hydroxy-PhIP and its N-glucuronides, N-sulfonyloxy-PhIP and N-acetoxy-PhIP; (2) their role as proximate and ultimate carcinogenic metabolites of PhIP; (3) the potential role of glutathione in modulating PhIP-DNA adduct formation. PhIP-DNA adducts, measured by the 32P-postlabeling method, were highest in the pancreas (361 adducts/10(8) nucleotides or 100%), followed by colon (56%), lung (28%), heart (27%) and liver (2%), at 24 h after a single oral dose of PhIP (220 mumol/kg) to male rats. In each tissue examined, we observed two major adducts, each of which accounted for 35-45% of the total, and one minor adduct, which represented about 10-20% of the total. One of the major adducts was identified as N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5- b]pyridine by chromatographic comparisons with an authentic standard. The major urinary metabolites of PhIP in these rats were 4'-hydroxy-PhIP and its glucuronide and sulfate conjugates, followed by N-hydroxy-PhIP N3-glucuronide, N-hydroxy-PhIP N2-glucuronide and unchanged PhIP. In bile duct-ligated rats, the urinary excretion of the N-OH-PhIP N3-glucuronide was increased two-fold, but there was no effect on PhIP-DNA adduct formation in the colon, heart, lung, pancreas or liver. 2,6-Dichloro-4-nitrophenol, which strongly inhibits arylsulfo-transferase-mediated DNA binding in vivo, had no effect on PhIP-DNA adduct levels in liver or in extrahepatic tissues. Pretreatment of rats with buthionine sulfoximine, which results in hepatic glutathione depletion, caused a five-fold increase in adduct formation in the liver. Intravenous administration (10 mumol/kg) of N-hydroxy-PhIP and N-acetoxy-PhIP each led to high levels of PhIP-DNA adducts in each of the extrahepatic tissues examined. Adduct levels ranged from two- to six-fold higher (for N-hydroxy-PhIP) and four- to 28-fold higher (for N-acetoxy-PhIP) as compared to that after an i.v. dose of the parent compound, indicating that these two bioactivated derivatives of PhIP are sufficiently stable to be transported through the circulation to extrahepatic tissues.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Phase I and Pharmacokinetic Study of Gefitinib in Children With Refractory Solid Tumors: A Children’s Oncology Group Study (2005)

Oral gefitinib is well tolerated in children. Development of the drug in combination with cytotoxic chemotherapy will be pursued.
Fiberoptic Transorbital Intubation: Alternative for Tracheotomy in Patients after Exenteration of the Orbit (2002)

To the Editor:-I read with great interest the report by Cantillo et al., 1 regarding malfunction of flow sensors on the Datex-Ohmeda 7900 SmartVent (Madison, WI). Our department owns 15 such ventilators. We too experienced moisture buildup resulting in problems generating the desired tidal volume. Similar to the authors, our anesthesia assistants and engineers were asked to replace sensors, or the system integration board, on several occasions in 2000.
Two-locus association mapping in subquadratic time (2011)

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have not been able to discover strong associations between many complex human diseases and single genetic loci. Mapping these phenotypes to pairs of genetic loci is hindered by the huge number of candidates leading to enormous computational and statistical problems. In GWAS on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), one has to consider in the order of 1010 to 1014 pairs, which is infeasible in practice. In this article, we give the first algorithm for 2-locus genome-wide association studies that is subquadratic in the number, n, of SNPs. The running time of our algorithm is data-dependent, but large experiments over real genomic data suggest that it scales empirically as n3/2. As a result, our algorithm can easily cope with n ~ 107, i.e., it can efficiently search all pairs of SNPs in the human genome.
The Synthesis of 4-Amino-β-D-ribofuranosylimidazo[4,5-c]pyridine (3-Deazaadenosine) and Related Nucleotides (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Synthesis of 4-Amino-β-D-ribofuranosylimidazo[4,5-c]pyridine (3-Deazaadenosine) and Related NucleotidesRobert J. Rousseau, Leroy B. Townsend, and Roland K. RobinsCite this: Biochemistry 1966, 5, 2, 756–760Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00866a050https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00866a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views105Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Empirical Use of Ciprofloxacin for Acute Uncomplicated Pyelonephritis Caused by Escherichia coli in Communities Where the Prevalence of Fluoroquinolone Resistance Is High (2012)

There is little information about the effectiveness of ciprofloxacin in regions where ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli is prevalent. This study was conducted to evaluate whether ciprofloxacin is effective as the initial empirical antibiotic for treatment of uncomplicated acute pyelonephritis (APN) due to ciprofloxacin-resistant E. coli. A total of 255 women with clinical diagnoses of uncomplicated APN due to E. coli were enrolled in the emergency department between March 2005 and December 2008. All enrolled patients were initially treated with ciprofloxacin. Patients were followed up 4 to 7 days after the start of therapy and 14 to 21 days after its completion. At the first follow-up visit, ciprofloxacin was changed to the appropriate antibiotic when necessary, depending on the antibiotic susceptibility results. Not only improvement of symptoms and signs but also microbiologic eradication was assessed at each visit. Fifteen percent (39/255) of the E. coli isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin. There was no statistically significant difference between the clinical cure rates of the ciprofloxacin-susceptible group and the ciprofloxacin-resistant group at the first follow-up (87.0% versus 76.9%, P = 0.135) or the second follow-up (98.6% versus 94.9%, P = 0.177). However, there was a lower microbiologic cure rate in the ciprofloxacin-resistant group than in the ciprofloxacin-susceptible group (92.4% versus 41.7%, P = 0.000) at the first follow-up visit. No complications occurred in the ciprofloxacin-resistant group during the follow-up period. Our findings indicate that ciprofloxacin is an appropriate choice for empirical therapy of uncomplicated APN and has no serious adverse outcomes, if it is tailored appropriately, even for women infected with ciprofloxacin-resistant E. coli.
ChemInform Abstract: CORRELATION OF THE PHOTOELECTROCHEMISTRY OF THE AMORPHOUS HYDROGENATED SILICON/METHANOL INTERFACE WITH BULK SEMICONDUCTOR PROPERTIES (1985)

Abstract Es wird die Halbleiter/Flüssigkeits‐Grenzfläche in folgendem System untersucht: a‐Si:H/0.02 M FeCp 2 /0.5 mM FeCp 2 + /1.5 M LiClO 4 /MeOH (FeCp 2 : Ferrocen).
Author's response to the letter by Li (2010)

10.1002/pd.2497
Structure of a Fragment of the Bacterial Outer Membrane Protein Assembly Machinery (2007)

Integral ß‐barrel proteins are characteristically found in the outer membranes of mitochondria, chloroplasts, and Gram‐negative bacteria. The cellular machine that assembles these proteins is conserved and contains as its principal component an integral membrane protein, called YaeT in E. coli , which has one or more polypeptide transport associated (POTRA) domains. I will talk about the structure of a periplasmic fragment of YaeT comprising four POTRA domains, one of which is unique in containing a site that binds extended peptides. We propose that this POTRA domain facilitates the assembly of ß‐barrel proteins in the outer membrane by a mechanism involving ß‐strand augmentation.
Activation of the Intracellular Pattern Recognition Receptor NOD2 Promotes Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Cell Apoptosis and Provides a Survival Advantage in an Animal Model of AML (2020)

TLRs, a family of membrane-bound pattern recognition receptors found on innate immune cells, have been well studied in the context of cancer therapy. Activation of these receptors has been shown to induce inflammatory anticancer events, including differentiation and apoptosis, across a wide variety of malignancies. In contrast, intracellular pattern recognition receptors such as NOD-like receptors have been minimally studied. NOD2 is a member of the NOD-like receptor family that initiates inflammatory signaling in response to the bacterial motif muramyl dipeptide. In this study, we examined the influence of NOD2 in human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells, demonstrating that IFN-γ treatment upregulated the expression of NOD2 signaling pathway members SLC15A3 and SLC15A4, downstream signaling kinase RIPK2, and the NOD2 receptor itself. This priming allowed for effective induction of caspase-1-dependent cell death upon treatment with muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine (MTP-PE), a synthetic ligand for NOD2. Furthermore, the combination of MTP-PE and IFN-γ on AML blasts generated an inflammatory cytokine profile and activated NK cells. In a murine model of AML, dual treatment with MTP-PE and IFN-γ led to a significant increase in mature CD27<sup>-</sup> CD11b<sup>+</sup> NK cells as well as a significant reduction in disease burden and extended survival. These results suggest that NOD2 activation, primed by IFN-γ, may provide a novel therapeutic option for AML.
Quantum Mechanical Capture/Phase Space Theory Calculation of the Rate Constants for the Complex-Forming CH + H<sub>2</sub> Reaction (2008)

Six-dimensional wave packet calculations on an accurate potential energy surface are used to obtain the quantum mechanical capture (QM C) probabilities for CH + H(2) corresponding to a variety of total angular momenta and internal reactant states. Rate constant calculations are made feasible by employing a Monte Carlo based sampling procedure. The QM C probabilities alone are also used to estimate the high pressure CH + H(2) rate constants corresponding to stabilization or CH(3) formation. The rate constants for CH + H(2) --> CH(2) + H reaction in the low pressure limit are obtained by combining the QM C probabilities with a phase space theory (PST) approximation for product formation from the complex. Our results are compared with the experimental results of Brownsword et al. (J. Chem. Phys. 1997, 106, 7662), as well as with purely classical PST calculations. The QM C probabilities are shown to be highly dependent on the initial rotational states of the reactants corresponding to orientational restrictions on complex formation. Consistent with this, our QM C high pressure rate constants for CH(3) formation are lower than the purely classical PST rate constants. These QM C rate constants also are in reasonable accord with experiment. A similar but somewhat more subtle picture emerges regarding the QM C/PST rate constants for CH(2) + H formation.
GaN micro-light-emitting diode arrays with monolithically integrated sapphire microlenses (2004)

GaN micro-light-emitting diodes (micro-LEDs) with monolithically integrated microlenses have been demonstrated. Microlenses, with a focal length of 44 μm and a root mean square roughness of ∼1 nm, have been fabricated on the polished back surface of a sapphire substrate of an array of micro-LEDs by resist thermal reflow and plasma etching. The optical properties of the microlenses have been demonstrated to alter the emission pattern of the LED emitters. The cone of light emitted from this hybrid device is significantly less divergent than a conventional broad-area device. This combination of micro-LED and microlens technologies offers the potential for further improvement in the overall efficiency of GaN-based light emitters.
Rapid and Weight-Independent Improvement of Glucose Tolerance Induced by a Peptide Designed to Elicit Apoptosis in Adipose Tissue Endothelium (2012)

A peptide designed to induce apoptosis of endothelium in white adipose tissue (WAT) decreases adiposity. The goal of this work is to determine whether targeting of WAT endothelium results in impaired glucose regulation as a result of impaired WAT function. Glucose tolerance tests were performed on days 2 and 3 of treatment with vehicle (HF-V) or proapoptotic peptide (HF-PP) and mice pair-fed to HF-PP (HF-PF) in obese mice on a high-fat diet (HFD). Serum metabolic variables, including lipid profile, adipokines, individual fatty acids, and acylcarnitines, were measured. Microarray analysis was performed in epididymal fat of lean or obese mice treated with vehicle or proapoptotic peptide (PP). PP rapidly and potently improved glucose tolerance of obese mice in a weight- and food intake-independent manner. Serum insulin and triglycerides were decreased in HF-PP relative to HF-V. Levels of fatty acids and acylcarnitines were distinctive in HF-PP compared with HF-V or HF-PF. Microarray analysis in AT revealed that pathways involved in mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative phosphorylation, and branched-chain amino acid degradation were changed by exposure to HFD and were reversed by PP administration. These studies suggest a novel role of the AT vasculature in glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism.
Interrelationship of Age, Depression, and Central Serotonergic Function: Evidence From Fenfluramine Challenge Studies (1996)

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between age-associated changes in central serotonergic function and abnormalities associated with major depression. Under randomized double-blind conditions, prolactin and cortisol responses to the serotonin-releasing agent d,l-fenfluramine hydrochloride (60 mg orally) and placebo were examined in 30 normal subjects (15 men, 15 women; age range 21-84 years) and 39 patients with major depressive disorder, endogenous subtype (14 men, 25 women; age range 29-72 years). In the normal subjects, a significant Age x Challenge x Time interaction was observed in the prolactin response (p = .03). This was primarily due to the elevated prolactin responses of the younger healthy women. Peak minus baseline (delta) prolactin responses were negatively correlated with age (women, p = .004; men, p = .06). In the depressed patients there was no age-related decline in prolactin response to fenfluramine. When depressed and healthy younger subjects were compared, delta prolactin responses to fenfluramine were significantly blunted in young patients with depression (p = .003) irrespective of the significant effect of gender (p = .01), but not in older depressed patients. Cortisol responses to fenfluramine did not reveal consistent effects of age, gender, or diagnosis. Age-related decline in central serotonergic function may make older individuals more vulnerable to depression and possibly render depressive episodes more frequent, more severe, and less amenable to treatment.
Cleaning and Damage Performance of Single Wafer Cleaning Tools using Physical Removal Forces (2009)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the trade off between damage generation and particle removal of single wafer cleaning tools that apply a physical force. We looked at 30 nm silica removal and damage of ~ 20 nm wide amorphous-Si lines caused by aerosol spray cleaning or acoustic cleaning. A detailed calculation of local particle removal rates and local damage fluxes gives important information about cleaning (non-) uniformities. Average removal rates and average damage fluxes values were also obtained and give valuable about the cleaning versus damage trade-off.
Implementation and evaluation of a prototype reconfigurable router (2003)

The evolution of computer networking technology will likely require hardware that is flexible enough to adapt to changing standards while maintaining the highest possible performance. Much research has recently been done in active networks, which increase network flexibility by allowing the routers to be reprogrammed, often at the cost of lower throughput. A reconfigurable router implemented on a Custom Computing Machine (CCM) can provide the flexibility required for active networking while approaching the high throughput of inflexible application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)-based routers. This paper presents an implementation of a prototype reconfigurable router on the Wildforce platform. The prototype implements IPv4 routing with a throughput of up to 576 Mbps, using a stream-based approach that facilitates dynamic reconfiguration.
Decay in Flight of a Negative and a Positive<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>τ</mml:mi></mml:math>Meson (1956)

Measurements made on two $\ensuremath{\tau}$ mesons, one positive and one negative, which decayed in flight in a cloud chamber in a magnetic field are given. The $Q$-value calculated for the positive event is 84\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}6 Mev and for the negative event is 77\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}9 Mev. The momentum, energy, and angles of the decay products in the center-of-mass system are also given.
Exercise Training Combined With A Well-balanced Diet Activates Nrg1 Pathway In Gastrocnemius Of Obese Rats (2015)

Meeting Abstract: 1519 Volume: 47 Issue: 5 Supplement 1
Catalytic reduction of myoglobin and hemoglobin at chemically modified electrodes containing methylene blue (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCatalytic reduction of myoglobin and hemoglobin at chemically modified electrodes containing methylene blueJiannong. Ye and Richard P. BaldwinCite this: Anal. Chem. 1988, 60, 20, 2263–2268Publication Date (Print):October 15, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 October 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00171a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00171a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1148Altmetric-Citations193LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Novel bioactive lipodepsipeptides from <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i>: The pseudomycins (1994)

The covalent structure and most of the stereochemistry of the pseudomycins, bioactive metabolites of a transposon-generated mutant of a Pseudomonas syringae wild-type strain proposed for the biological control of Dutch elm disease, have been determined. While two pseudomycins are identical to the known syringopeptins 25-A and 25-B, pseudomycins A, B, C, C' are new lipodepsinonapeptides. For all of these the peptide moiety corresponds to L-Ser-D-Dab-L-Asp-L-Lys-L-Dab-L-aThr-Z-Dhb-L-Asp(3-OH) -L-Thr (4-Cl) with the terminal carboxyl group closing a macrocyclic ring on the OH group of the N-terminal Ser. This is in turn N-acylated by 3,4-dihydroxytetradecanoate in pseudomycin A, by 3-hydroxytetradecanoate in pseudomycin B, by 3,4-dihydroxyhexadecanoate in pseudomycin C, and by 3-hydroxyhexadecanoate in pseudomycin C'. Some preliminary data on the biological activity of pseudomycin A are reported.
Expression of hedgehog pathway components in prostate carcinoma microenvironment: shifting the balance towards autocrine signalling (2011)

Our results highlight the importance of Hh-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in the non-neoplastic prostate and imply that shifting the balance from paracrine towards autocrine signalling is important in the pathogenesis and progression of prostate carcinoma.