gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Disturbances in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis in Male Patients with Acute Renal Failure (1984)

The function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis was examined in 20 male patients with acute renal failure. During the oliguric phase of the disease, the serum concentrations of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and total and unbound testosterone were markedly reduced, those of prolactin were elevated while those of luteinizing hormone (LH) were normal. The serum concentrations of sex hormone binding globulin were normal. During the diuretic phase of the illness, the serum levels of FSH and testosterone remained low but those of prolactin fell towards normal. After recovery of renal function, the abnormalities in the serum concentrations of these hormones were reversed. The responses of LH and FSH to gonadotropin releasing hormone and of prolactin to thyrotropin releasing hormone were abnormal and became normal after recovery of renal function. The results demonstrate that: (1) abnormalities in HPG axis occur early in the course of acute renal failure; (2) many features of these derangements are similar to those seen in chronic renal failure, and (3) the alterations in the function of the HPG axis are reversible when renal function is restored. The data suggest that loss of renal function, uremia per se and/or a metabolic consequence of uremia such as secondary hyperparathyroidism are responsible for these derangements.
Polymer Recycling Research in the New Decade (1995)

For about 10-15 years, research and development efforts have addressed the need for commercially viable technologies for the conversion of post use polymeric materials to new products of value. In industry, organizations, government laboratories, and universities around the world, approaches that would combine unique technical features with economic feasibility have been investigated with varying degrees of success. The major focus has been on thermo-plastics' remelting and reprocessing, and on regrinding of cured thermosets for blending with virgin resin in controlled amounts. The challenges of chemical processing or modification for recovered polymers and of experimental polymers designed for recycling have been defined more slowly. They are now active areas of research that will provide the basis for recycling technologies in the future. This paper will discuss some of the problems and progress associ-ated with the time scale of these creative new approaches, including, for example, pyrolysis, depolymerization of polyurethanes and novel experimental thermosets.
Near-field flow of supersonic swirling jets (1995)

The addition of swirl to scramjet fuel jets has been proposed as a method of enhancing fuel mixing, but little of a fundamental nature is known about supersonic swirling flows. Several jets with different amounts of swirl were created by tangential injection and acceleration through a convergent-divergent nozzle. The flowfields near the nozzle exit were investigated using pitot, cone, and total-temperature probes, and Rayleigh scattering from a laser light sheet. The results show that tangential injection is an efficient method for generating swirling jets, that the swirling jets mix much more rapidly with the stagnant air than comparable straight jets, and that, when overexpanded, turbulence is created in the jet core as a result of vortex breakdown. Mixing layer growth rates are shown to correlate with Richardson number
Designing interaction with consumer products in a multisensory virtual reality environment (2013)

In the domain of industrial product development, products have been traditionally communicated to final users by means of technical drawings, sketches and physical prototypes. Recently, companies have tended to develop digital versions of products, which can be used with the purpose of communicating a new product to users, and also with the aim of allowing users to evaluate the product and its variants before its physical construction. Virtual prototyping is a relatively recent practice used in various industrial domains, which aims at anticipating a product that does not exist in reality yet. This practice can be used for evaluating the aesthetic quality of a product, its functional features and also its ergonomic and usability aspects. Current virtual reality technology well supports the implementation of effective virtual prototypes. In fact, one can touch, move, manipulate, and operate the virtual prototypes of products, such as household appliances, electronic devices, etc., with a good degree of realism. In order to do this, the interaction with virtual prototypes is multimodal and multisensory, and is often based on the combination of visual, haptic and auditory modalities. This paper shows how virtual prototypes can be used instead of physical artefacts or mock-ups for the communication of a new product or of variants of an existing product, and for the preliminary evaluation of its usage. The effectiveness of this practice is proved by tests performed by users.
On the Behaviour of Particles in the Direct Shearing Test of Powders (1970)

In handling powder materials it is necessary to pay attention to their internal friction as one of their most important properties. The direct shearing test is a simple and useful method to measure the internal friction. However, the behaviours of powder in the direct shearing test procedure are not yet certain, because of the complicated behaviour of particles arising from the shearing action in the powder bed. It must be admitted in any case that the correlation between the internal friction and the σ-τ relation has not yet been sufficiently understood.This research was undertaken to understand these behaviours of particles in the shearing procedure. For this purpose, these contributions to the σ-τ relation in the distribution of applied normal stress in the powder bed, the weight of the powder under the test, the shearing rate of the test, and the consolidation of powder, etc, were examined with the direct shearing test.It is concluded from the result of the examinations that the σ-τ relation has material contributions to the change of the particle arrangement in the powder bed in the shearing procedure, and that the deviation of the σ-τ relation from the Coulomb's law τ=μσ+c is due to the relaxation of stress in the shearing plane resulting from the rearrangement of particles in the powder bed. The σ-τ relation should be expressed with the decrease of effective normal stress in the shearing plane in the shearing procedure.τ=μσ(1-u/σ)+cwhere μ; Internal frictionu; Decrease of effective normal stressc; Cohesive forceDiscussion on the correlation between the amount of u and the shapes of σ-τ relations has been made also.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, X‐Ray Structure and Binding Properties of Molecular Clips Based on Dimethylpropanediurea. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Electrokinetic belt press dewatering of kimberlite tailings — case study of a full scale field trial (2010)

In the continuum of tailings dewatering, filtration is at one of a number of technologies routinely employed. Filtration rates are increased by steepening the hydraulic pressure gradient across the tailings by using vacuum and or pressure. Two common drawbacks associated with fine grained materials are (i) low hydraulic permeability such that flow rates are small and (ii) clogging and/or blinding of the filter medium e.g. a filter belt. Both effects reduce the overall dewatering rate. An alternative belt press technique is described in this paper, utilising newly developed conductive polymeric belts to produce filter belts that can be used to dewater ultrafine material using electro-osmosis. In April 2008 a full scale trial to dewater ultrafine kimberlite tailings was undertaken using an electrokinetic belt filter press. The trial successfully dewatered a stream of kimberlite paste at approximately 50% dry solids content to produce a stable solid cake at approximately 75% dry solids. The paper describes the trial and gives details of the technical and financial benefits that the electrokinetic technique offers to the treatment and disposal of paste including: significant recovery of water; significant reduction in energy usage; reduction in the volume of waste to be discarded; and a reduction in the cost of tailings waste disposal. The development of electrokinetic dewatering of tailings has other potential advantages including the elimination of the need for slimes dams in their current form and replacement by compacted landforms that pose considerably lower geotechnical and environmental risk.
EFFECT OF WASHOUT HOLE GEOMETRY ON A CENTRIFUGAL BLOOD PUMP (2000)

Quantitative flow visualization was performed to obtain suitable design criteria of a centrifugal blood pump. Particular attention was paid to the effect of washout hole geometry to prevent thrombus formation which may be caused by stagnation behind the impeller. Experiments were conducted with 2.5 times scale-up models based on Nikkiso HPM-15 with 64 wt% sodium iodide solution as working fluid and 150 μm silicon dioxide particles as tracer. A 7 W Ar-ion laser light sheet and a 4,500 frames/sec, 256x256 pixel high speed video camera were used for lighting and for photographing respectively, and image analyses were made by particle tracking velocimetry. All driving conditions were set for a flow rate of 5 1/min and a head of 300 mmHg representing extracorporeal condition. Results were as follows: flow through the washout holes caused by the pressure difference induces a secondary flow in the gap behind the impeller that prevents stagnation of the flow. Comparing various diameters and radial positions of washout holes, it was found that the optimal washout hole minimizes the stagnation behind the impeller, whereas it hardly affects the flow behavior in the outlet or pressure-head curves. Not only small holes but also too large holes decrease washout effect because of the appearance of reversal flow. The best washout was achieved by the standard hole model, and the flow rate through the washout holes was found to be almost half the external flow rate.
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for de novo erythroleukemia: a study of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) (2002)

De novo erythroleukemia (EL) is a rare disease. Reported median survival are poor and vary from 4 to 14 months. The value of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for EL is unknown. This EBMT registry study reports on the largest series of patients with EL treated with HSCT in first complete remission-103 autologous and 104 HLA identical sibling allogeneic HSCT. Outcome and identification of prognostic factors for each type of transplantation were evaluated. For autologous HSCT, outcome at 5 years showed a leukemia-free survival (LFS) of 26% +/- 5%, a relapse incidence (RI) of 70% +/- 6%, and a transplant-related mortality (TRM) of 13% +/- 4%. By multivariate analysis, the only prognostic factor was age. For allogeneic HSCT, outcome at 5 years showed an LFS of 57% +/- 5%, an RI of 21% +/- 5%, and a TRM of 27% +/- 5%. By multivariate analysis, prognostic factors were graft-versus-host disease and age. This study represents the largest series of de novo EL treated with HSCT and shows that allogeneic HSCT is by far the most effective treatment.
Fabrication of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/PLLA composites for use in bone tissue engineering (2016)

The aim of this study was to incorporate nanoscale Fe 3 O 4 particles into a poly‐ l ‐lactide (PLLA) matrix to fabricate a magnetic and biodegradable composite. The physical and osteogenic functions of this material were tested. Injection molding was used to fabricate four nano‐Fe 3 O 4 /PLLA composites with Fe 3 O 4 mix ratios of 0%, 20%, 30%, and 40% (w/w). X‐ray diffraction and hysteresis loop tests were performed to evaluate the physical properties of the nano‐Fe 3 O 4 /PLLA composites. Tensile strength tests showed that the progressive addition of nano‐Fe 3 O 4 particles to the PLLA matrix results in higher elastic modulus and lower tensile strength. Images from scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that osteoblasts cultured on the 20% nano‐Fe 3 O 4 /PLLA surface exhibited abundant filaments, which are a morphologic characteristic of osteoblastic differentiation. These results suggest that the 20% nano‐Fe 3 O 4 /PLLA composite used in this study has the potential for future tissue engineering applications. POLYM. COMPOS., 38:2881–2888, 2017. © 2016 Society of Plastics Engineers
Effects of pulse-delivered inhaled nitric oxide administration on pulmonary perfusion and arterial oxygenation in dorsally recumbent isoflurane-anesthetized horses (2014)

Administration of PiNO in anesthetized dorsally recumbent horses resulted in redistribution of pulmonary blood flow from dependent atelectatic lung regions to nondependent aerated lung regions. Because hypoxemia is commonly the result of atelectasis in anesthetized dorsally recumbent horses, the addition of nitric oxide to inhaled gases could be used clinically to alleviate hypoxemia in horses during anesthesia.
C105 HEAT/MASS TRANSFER OF ARRAY IMPINGING JETS WITH PROTRUDING EFFUSION HOLES EJECTING SPENT AIR (2003)

Flow and heat/mass transfer characteristics for the array impinging jets with effusion holes are investigated and also the effects of the effusion hole depth on heat/mass transfer characteristics using protruding effusion holes are investigated. For these purposes, a naphthalene sublimation method is employed to determine local heat/mass transfer coefficients on the target surface using a heat and mass transfer analogy. A numerical analysis using a commercial program (FLUENT) is also performed to analyze the flow characteristics. For small gap distances, heat/mass transfer coefficients without effusion holes are very non-uniform due to the strong effects of crossflow and re-entrainments of spent air. However, more uniform and higher heat/mass transfer coefficients than those without effusion holes are obtained by installing the effusion holes. With protruding effusion holes, the overall heat/mass transfer characteristics are similar to those with the simple effusion holes. But the Sh values are slightly higher than those of simple effusion holes and the average Sh increases as increasing the length of the protruding effusion holes.
Theoretical investigation of the potential energy surface for the NH2+NO reaction via density functional theory and <i>ab initio</i> molecular electronic structure theory (1997)

The potential energy surface of the NH2+NO reaction, which involves nine intermediates (1–9) as well as twenty-three possible transition states (a–w), has been fully characterized at the B3LYP/cc-pVQZ//B3LYP/6-311G(d,p)+ZPE[B3LYP/6-311G(d,p)] and modified Gaussian-2 (G2M) levels of theory. The reaction is shown to have three different groups of products (HN2+OH, N2O+H2, and N2+H2O denoted as A, B, and C, respectively) and a very complicated reaction mechanism. The first reaction path is initiated by the N–N bond association of the reactants to form an intermediate H2NNO, 1, which then undergoes a 1,3-H migration to yield an isomer pair HNNOH (2,3) (separated by a low energy torsional barrier) which can then proceed along three different paths. Because of the essential role it would play kinetically, the enthalpy of the NH2+NO→HN2+OH reaction has been further investigated using various levels of theory. The best theoretical results of this study predicted it to be 0.9 and 2.4 kcal mol−1 at the B3LYP and CCSD(T) levels, respectively, using a relatively large basis set (AUG-cc-pVQZ) based on the geometry optimized at the B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) level of theory. It has been found that TS g(4→B) is expected to be the rate-determining transition state responsible for the NH2+NO→N2O+H2 reaction. TS g lies above the reactants by only 2.6 kcal mol−1 according to the G2M prediction. On the other hand, TS h(3→7) is a new transition state discovered in this work which may allow some kinetic contribution from the NH2+NO→N2+H2O reaction under high temperature conditions due to its relatively low energy as well as its loose transition state property. A modified G2 additivity scheme based on the G2(DD) approach has been shown to be necessary for better predicting the energetics for TS h, which gives a value of 2.3 kcal mol−1 in energy with respect to the reactants. Generally, the cost-effective B3LYP method is found to give very good predictions for the optimized geometries and vibrational frequencies of various species in the system if compare them with those optimized at the QCISD/6-311G(d,p) and 12-in-11 CASSCF/cc-pVDZ levels of theory. Furthermore, it is noticeable in this study that most of the relative energies calculated via the B3LYP method are more close to the G2M results than those predicted at the PMP4 and CCSD(T) levels using the same 6-311G(d,p) basis set.
Liver fat accumulation may be dissociated from adiposity gain in ovariectomized rats (2012)

The present findings indicate that estrogen withdrawal-induced hepatic steatosis and associated insulin resistance may be dissociated from abdominal fat accumulation and suggest that a decrease in leptin action through a down-regulation of leptin receptors and a decrease in very low density lipoprotein production through a down-regulation of MTP and DGAT-2 may be factors responsible for this observation in the absence of peripheral fat gain.
Rhodium (II) Butyrate: A Potential Anticancer Drug With Cell Cycle Phase-Specific Effects in HeLa Cells<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref> (1980)

Journal Article Rhodium (II) Butyrate: A Potential Anticancer Drug With Cell Cycle Phase-Specific Effects in HeLa Cells Get access Potu N. Rao, Potu N. Rao 3Department of Developmental Therapeutics, The University of Texas System Cancer Center, M. D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute, Texas Medical Center, Houston, Tex. 77030. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Marion L. Smith, Marion L. Smith 3Department of Developmental Therapeutics, The University of Texas System Cancer Center, M. D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute, Texas Medical Center, Houston, Tex. 77030. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Sen Pathak, Sen Pathak 4Department of Biology, The University of Texas System Cancer Center, M. D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute, Texas Medical Center. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Robert A. Howard, Robert A. Howard 5Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Tex. 77004. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar John L. Bear John L. Bear 5Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Tex. 77004. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 64, Issue 4, April 1980, Pages 905–912, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/64.4.905 Published: 01 April 1980 Article history Received: 27 June 1979 Accepted: 06 October 1979 Published: 01 April 1980
Mutual Separation of Rare Earths Using Chemically Modified Chitosan Immobilized with Functional Groups of Chelating Agents (2014)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Experimental Results and Discussion Conclusion
Linkage Analysis of Genomic Regions Contributing to the Expression of Type 1 Diabetes Microvascular Complications and Interaction with HLA (2015)

We conducted linkage analysis to follow up earlier work on microvascular complications of type 1 diabetes (T1D). We analyzed 415 families (2,008 individuals) previously genotyped for 402 SNP markers spanning chromosome 6. We did linkage analysis for the phenotypes of retinopathy and nephropathy. For retinopathy, two linkage peaks were mapped: one located at the HLA region and another novel locus telomeric to HLA. For nephropathy, a linkage peak centromeric to HLA was mapped, but the linkage peak telomeric to HLA seen in retinopathy was absent. Because of the strong association of T1D with DRB1 * 03:01 and DRB1 * 04:01, we stratified our analyses based on families whose probands were positive for DRB1 * 03:01 or DRB1 * 04:01. When analyzing the DRB1 * 03:01-positive retinopathy families, in addition to the novel telomeric locus, one centromeric to HLA was identified at the same location as the nephropathy peak. When we stratified on DRB1 * 04:01-positive families, the HLA telomeric peak strengthened but the centromeric peak disappeared. Our findings showed that HLA and non-HLA loci on chromosome 6 are involved in T1D complications’ expression. While the HLA region is a major contributor to the expression of T1D, our results suggest an interaction between specific HLA alleles and other loci that influence complications’ expression.
The Performance of a Hybrid Ceramic Ball Bearing Under High Speed Conditions with the Under-Race Lubrication Method (1997)

Large bore (150 mm) hybrid ceramic ball bearings and all-M50 steel bearings were tested with under-race lubrication to compare the heat generation and the temperature rise at speeds up to 2.25 million DN. Furthermore, oil shut-off tests were carried out with both bearings over 2.25 million DN. The experimental results of the heat generation for both bearings were nearly the same at an axial load of 19.6 kN. at 34.3 kN, the heat generation of the hybrid bearing was lower than that of the M50 steel bearing at low speed. The heat generation of both bearings gradually approached each other with increasing speed and became nearly equal at a speed of 15,000 rpm. The survivability of the hybrid bearing in the oil shut-off test was superior to that of the M50 bearing. These experimental results were explained by the calculation results using a computer analysis software which simulates the kinematics and the performance of ball bearings.
Baseinduzierte Isomerisierungen von Cycloalkeninen in Konkurrenz zu Additionsreaktionen (1983)

Abstract Das vollständige Manuskript dieser Zuschrift erscheint in: Angew. Chem. Suppl. 1983 , 851. DOI: 10.1002/ange.198308510
Clinical Utility of the Colorado Learning Difficulties Questionnaire (2013)

Overall, the CLDQ may more accurately predict children without LDs than children with LDs. As such, the absence of parent-reported difficulties may be adequate to rule out an overt LD, whereas elevated scores likely indicate the need for more comprehensive assessment.
Progress in rapid screening of <i>Bacillus anthracis</i> lethal factor activity (2002)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Experimental in-vitro bone cements disintegration with ultrasonic pulsating water jet for revision arthroplasty (2015)

Original scientific
Reaktionen mit Cyclobutendionen, IV. Über die Umsetzung von 2‐Brom‐1‐phenyl‐cyclobuten‐(1)‐dion‐(3.4) mit <i>o</i>‐Phenylendiaminen (1969)

Abstract 2‐Brom‐1‐phenyl‐cyclobutendion reagiert mit o ‐Phenylendiaminen zu 1‐Phenyl‐2.8‐dihydrocyclobuta[ b ]chinoxalinonen‐(2) 1 . Der Strukturbeweis wird mittels spektroskopischer Methoden und durch alkalischen Abbau geführt. Bei Verwendung unsymmetrischer o ‐Diamine wird die differenzierte Basizität der Aminogruppen als ausschlaggebend für die Stellung der Substituenten erkannt. Das Auftreten von Nebenprodukten 2 beim Einsetzen von symmetrischen o ‐Diaminen gibt Aufschluß über den Reaktionsmechanismus.