gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of human mast cell growth and differentiation by interferon gamma-1b. (1998)

In an effort to identify cytokines that inhibit human mast cell growth, we cultured HMC-1 cells and recombinant human stem cell factor (rhSCF)-dependent human bone marrow-derived mast cells (HBMCs) in the presence of interferon gamma (IFNgamma)-1b and interferon alpha (IFNalpha)-2b. HMC-1 cell numbers decreased in the presence of 1000 U/mL IFNgamma-1b but were unaffected by 1000 U/mL of IFNalpha-2b. HBMCs were then cultured for 0 to 7 days with 100 ng/mL rhSCF and 10 ng/mL recombinant human IL-3 (rhIL-3), followed by culture in rhSCF and administration of either 1000 U/mL IFNalpha-2b or 1000 U/mL IFNgamma-1b. HBMCs appearing in cultures with rhSCF alone or in combination with IFNalpha-2b were virtually identical in number through 8 weeks of culture. In cultures supplemented with IFNgamma-1b, HBMCs significantly decreased in number and incidence of granular metachromasia by 4 to 5 weeks (p<0.001). Similar results were obtained when human marrow was cultured from day 0 with rhSCF and IFNgamma-1b. Mature rhSCF-dependent HBMCs were also cultured at 5 weeks with rhSCF alone or in combination with IFNgamma-1b. Compared with cells cultured in rhSCF, mature 5-week HBMC cultures treated with rhSCF plus IFNgamma-1b revealed a decrease in mast cells, and those mast cells that remained had fewer toluidine blue- and tryptase-positive granules after 5 to 8 weeks. FACS analysis of rhSCF plus IFNgamma-1b-treated mature HBMCs revealed increased c-kit and Fc(epsilon)RI expression. Mast cell releasibility was not increased. IFNgamma-lb was thus able to suppress mast cell growth from CD34+ cells, suggesting that this agent should be considered as a candidate cytokine for the treatment of disorders of mast cell proliferation.
Room-temperature laser operation of In<i>x</i>Ga1−<i>x</i>As <i>p-n</i> junctions (1974)

Room-temperature laser diodes which emit coherent infrared radiation near 1.1 μm have been prepared from InxGa1−xAs (x [inverted lazy s]0.23) vapor-grown p-n junction structures. At 77°K, laser threshold current densities as low as 1210 A/cm2 and external differential quantum efficiencies as high as 50% have been obtained at 1.08 μm. At 300°K, the threshold current densities are between 70 000 and 98 000 A/cm2 for emission at 1.145 μm.
Reaction of ethyl 3‐ethoxymethylene‐2,4‐dioxovalerate with monosubstituted hydrazines (1980)

Abstract Reactions of ethyl 3‐ethoxymethylene‐2,4‐dioxovalerate (1) with phenyl‐ and methylhydrazines are described. While the reaction of 1 with phenylhydrazine gave a mixture of ethyl 4‐acetyl‐1‐phenylpyrazole‐5‐carboxylate (4) and ethyl 5‐methyl‐1‐phenylpyrazole‐4‐glyoxylate (5), 1 reacted with methylhydrazine to give ethyl 4‐acetyl‐1‐methylpyrazole‐3‐carboxylate (14) as the sole product.
Rat transcobalamin: cloning and regulation of mRNA expression (2004)

Transcobalamin (TC) has been cloned and used for studying its gene expression in the rat. TC mRNA is distributed widely in adult rat tissues, but at different levels (kidney > liver > lung > yolk sac > intestine > heart > brain > spleen > muscle). TC mRNA levels were 4-fold higher in the jejunum and ileum compared to its levels in the duodenum. During postnatal development, TC mRNA levels in the ileum declined 4-fold from day 4 to day 12, but increased by 5-fold between days 12 and 24. In contrast, TC mRNA levels increased by 2.5-fold in the kidney from day 4 to day 12 and then declined by 2-fold by day 24. Adrenalectomy of adult rats resulted in a 4-fold decline in ileal levels of TC mRNA and a 50% decline in the ileal mucosal formation of the TC-[(57)Co] cobalamin (Cbl) complex following oral administration of [(57)Co]Cbl complexed to gastric intrinsic factor (IF). Cortisone treatment reversed these changes noted in the ileum. In contrast to ileum, kidney TC mRNA levels were not altered significantly in adrenalectomized rats before and after cortisone treatment. Taken together, this study has provided evidence for the regulation of TC gene expression in the rat kidney and intestine during their postnatal development, and cortisone selectively regulates ileal but not kidney TC mRNA levels.
Randomisierte Phase-IIb-Studie mit Pexa-Vec (pexastimogene devacirepvec; JX-594), eine onkolytische Immuntherapie mit Best Supportive Care (BSC) gegen BSC allein bei Patienten mit Leberzellkarzinom (HCC) und fehlgeschlagener Sorafenib-Behandlung (TRAVERSE) (2015)

Einleitung: Pexa-Vec ist eine onkolytische Immuntherapie eines Thymidinkinase-abgeschwächten Vacciniavirus, um GM-CSF zu exprimieren. Pexa-Vec war nach intratumoraler (IT) oder intravenöser (IV) Gabe in Phase-I-Studien gut verträglich. Eine randomisierte Phase II-Studie (108 Plaque-bildende Units [pfu] vs. 109 pfu) bei 30 Patienten (Pat.) mit Sorafenib naiven HCC zeigte verlängertes Überleben (OS) im Hochdosis-Pexa-Vec Arm (14,1 vs. 6,7 Mo; HR 0,39, p = 0,02). Methoden: Sorafenib-resistente HCC Pat (Intoleranz oder Progress, Child-Pugh A-B7, ohne Aszites und gute Organfunktion) wurden 2:1 in Pexa-Vec + BSC gegen BSC randomisiert und erhielten 109 pfu IV Tag 1 und bis 5 IT-Gaben (109 pfu) Tag 8 – 136. Primäres Ziel war OS. Weitere Ziele waren Zeit zum Tumorprogress (TTP) mit mRECIST für HCC, Krankheitskontrolle (DCR), Sicherheit und Verträglichkeit. Ergebnisse: 129 Pat (86/43 Arm A/B) wurden 10/2011 – 06/2013 randomisiert. In A erhielten 11 von 86 Pat (13%) alle 6 Gaben; 49% mit ≥3 IT-Behandlungen (1 IV + 3 IT). DAS OS in A war 4,2 versus (vs) 4,4 Monate in B (p = 0,426, HR = 1,19; 95% KI: 0,78 – 1,80). TTP nach mRECIST Kriterien war 1,8 vs. 2,8 Monate für Pexa-Vec vs. BSC (p = 0,478; HR 1,33; 95% KI: 0,61 – 2,90). DCR war 13 vs. 19% für A vs. B. Die häufigsten unerwünschten Ereignisse (≥25%) in A vs. B waren Pyrexie (80 vs. 12%), Schüttelfrost (52 vs. 4%), Bauchschmerzen (38 vs. 32%), Appetitlosigkeit (37 vs. 12%), Übelkeit (36 vs. 16%), Hypotonie (29 vs. 12%), Pustelbildungen (29 vs. 0%), Anämie (26 vs. 16%), Müdigkeit (26 vs. 8%) und Aszites (25 vs. 32%). Schlussfolgerungen: Pexa-Vec wurde wie in früheren Studien gut vertragen, konnte jedoch die Endpunkte nicht verbessern. Folgende Faktoren könnten dazu beigetragen haben: geringe Therapieabschlüsse, asymmetrische Pat-zensur, und viele radiologisch nicht auswertbare Pat, sowie eine fortgeschrittene HCC-Population, weil andere 2.-Studien OS von 7 – 9 Monaten berichteten. Da andere Immuntherapien und frühere Pexa-Vec Ergebnisse positiv waren, wird eine Phase III Studie (Sorafenib + Pexa Vec vs. Sorafenib) als 1.-Therapie bei HCC Pat geplant.
Automated Eukaryotic Gene Structure Annotation Using EVidenceModeler and the Program to Assemble Spliced Alignments (2007)

EVidenceModeler (EVM) is presented as an automated eukaryotic gene structure annotation tool that reports eukaryotic gene structures as a weighted consensus of all available evidence. EVM, when combined with the Program to Assemble Spliced Alignments (PASA), yields a comprehensive, configurable annotation system that predicts protein-coding genes and alternatively spliced isoforms. Our experiments on both rice and human genome sequences demonstrate that EVM produces automated gene structure annotation approaching the quality of manual curation.
Aftershock Seismicity of the 27 February 2010 Maule Earthquake and its Relation to Postseismic Displacements from GPS (2011)

On 27 February 2010 the Mw 8.8 Maule earthquake in Central Chile ruptured a seismic gap where significant strain had accumulated since 1835. Shortly after the mainshock a dense network of temporary seismic landstations was installed along the whole rupture zone in order to capture the aftershock activity. We present the aftershock distribution and first motion polarity focal mechanisms based on automatic detection algorithms and picking engines. Processing the seismic data between 15 March and 30 September 2010 from stations from IRIS, IPGP, Caltech and GFZ, we determined 19,908~hypocentres with magnitudes Mw between 1 and 6.2. Seismic activity occurs in six groups: 1.) Normal faulting outer rise events 2.) A shallow group of plate interface seismicity apparent at 25-35 km depth and 50-120 km distance to the trench. Along strike, the aftershocks occur largely within the zone of co-seismic slip but extend ~50 km further north. Along dip, the events are either within the zone of co-seismic slip, or downdip from it, depending on the slip model used. 3.) A third band of seismicity is observed further downdip at 40-50 km depth and further inland at 150-160 km trench perpendicular distance, with mostly shallow dipping thrust focal mechanisms indicating rupture of the plate interface significantly downdip of the co-seismic rupture, and presumably above the intersection of the continental Moho with the plate interface. 4.) A deep group of intermediate depth events between 80 to 120 km depth are present north of 36°S. 5.) The magmatic arc exhibits a small amount of crustal seismicity but does not appear to show significantly enhanced activity after the mainshock 6.) Pronounced crustal aftershock activity is found in the region of Pichilemu (~34.5°S). The time-series of postseismic deformation analyzed here show rapid transient deformation immediately following the Maule earthquake. We examine the relation between the spatial-temporal properties of the aftershock distribution and postseismic displacements from GPS. First results show a linear relationship between cumulative displacement and cumulative number of aftershocks at large times (>25d, when the local aftershock catalog is available). This relationship may be use to infer rheological properties. Similar relations have been observed in other large subduction zone earthquakes.
Mechanism of Perchlorate Formation on Boron-Doped Diamond Film Anodes (2011)

This research investigated the mechanism of perchlorate (ClO(4)(-)) formation from chlorate (ClO(3)(-)) on boron-doped diamond (BDD) film anodes by use of a rotating disk electrode reactor. Rates of ClO(4)(-) formation were determined as functions of the electrode potential (2.29-2.70 V/standard hydrogen electrode, SHE) and temperature (10-40 °C). At all applied potentials and a ClO(3)(-) concentration of 1 mM, ClO(4)(-) production rates were zeroth-order with respect to ClO(4)(-) concentration. Experimental and density functional theory (DFT) results indicate that ClO(3)(-) oxidation proceeds via a combination of direct electron transfer and hydroxyl radical oxidation with a measured apparent activation energy of 6.9 ± 1.8 kJ·mol(-1) at a potential of 2.60 V/SHE. DFT simulations indicate that the ClO(4)(-) formation mechanism involves direct oxidation of ClO(3)(-) at the BDD surface to form ClO(3)(•), which becomes activationless at potentials > 0.76 V/SHE. Perchloric acid is then formed via the activationless homogeneous reaction between ClO(3)(•) and OH(•) in the diffuse layer next to the BDD surface. DFT simulations also indicate that the reduction of ClO(3)(•) can occur at radical sites on the BDD surface to form ClO(3)(-) and ClO(2), which limits the overall rate of ClO(4)(-) formation.
Surgical Treatment for Congenital Venous Malformations in the Lower Limb. (2000)

先天性下肢静脈形成異常の症例4例に対し外科的治療を行った. 症例は13～53歳で片側下肢の静脈瘤と腫脹が存在し, 同部の疼痛, 倦怠感と一部の症例では間欠性跛行を訴えていた. 動静脈造影および血管エコーにて深部静脈の開存を確認し, 異常静脈および不全交通枝を同定した. 外科的治療は異常静脈切除および不全交通枝結紮を施行した. 不全交通枝結紮は2例において追加結紮を要した. 外科治療1～2週間後に硬化療法を施行した. 術後経過は良好で静脈瘤はほぼ消退し, 疼痛, 倦怠感, 間欠性破行も改善した. 先天性下肢静脈形成異常の治療は困難とされ, 経過観察もしくは対症療法で加療されることが一般的であったが, 今回異常静脈切除, 不全交通枝結紮, 硬化療法を施行し, 患者の症状を大幅に改善することが可能であった. 術前の静脈造影ならびに血管エコーによる異常静脈の血液逆流, 不全交通枝の同定が重要であった.
Non-equilibrium electrokinetic nanofluidic mixers (2008)

We propose a new type of micro/nano fluidic mixer based on non-equilibrium electrokinetics and demonstrate its mixing capacity. We fabricate the device with two-step reactive ion etching, one for a nanochannel and one for a microchannel. Mixing is achieved by strong vortex structures formed near the micro/nano channel interface. We expect the proposed device to be beneficial in the development of micro total analysis systems, since it is simple in its design yet with minimal fabrication complications.
Schmallenberg Virus in Domestic Cattle, Belgium, 2012 (2012)

To determine prevalence of antibodies against Schmallenberg virus in adult cows and proportion of infection transmitted to fetuses, we tested serum samples from 519 cow/calf pairs in Belgium in spring 2012. Of cattle within 250 km of location where the virus emerged, ≈91% tested positive for IgG targeting nucleoprotein. Risk for fetal infection was ≈28%.
Effects of enzyme inducers and inhibitor on the pharmacokinetics of intravenous 2-(allylthio)pyrazine, a new chemoprotective agent, in rats (2000)

In order to find what types of hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP) isozymes are involved in the metabolism of 2-(allylthio)pyrazine (2-AP) in rats, enzyme inducers, such as phenobarbital, 3-methylcholanthrene, dexamethasone, or isoniazid, and an enzyme inhibitor, such as SKF 525-A were pretreated. After 1-min intravenous administration of 2-AP, 50 mg/kg, to rats pretreated with SKF 525-A (a non-specific CYP inhibitor in rats), the plasma concentrations were significantly higher, and the area under plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to time infinity (AUC) was significantly greater (1365 compared with 1034 microg min/mL) as a result of significantly slower total body clearance (Cl) (36.6 compared with 48.3 mL/min/kg) than those in control rats, indicating that 2-AP was metabolized by CYP isozymes. After 1-min intravenous administration of 2-AP, 50 mg/kg, to rats pretreated with dexamethasone (an inducer of CYP3A in rats), phenobarbital (an inducer of CYP2B1/2, 2C6, 2C7, and 3A1/2 in rats), and 3-methylcholanthrene (an inducer of CYP1A1/2 and 2A1 in rats), the plasma concentrations were significantly lower, and AUC was significantly smaller (27, 41 and 60% decrease, respectively, compared with respective control rats) owing to faster Cl [37 (p>0.05), 70 (p<0.001), and 150% (p<0.001) increase, respectively, compared with respective control rats].
Mechanisms of Meniscal Tissue Ablation by Short Pulse Laser Irradiation (1995)

A new experimental technique was developed to study short-pulsed laser ablation of biologic tissues (human meniscus and bovine tibial bone), water, and acrylic. The experimental technique was based on interferometric monitoring of the motion of the tissue surface to measure its laser-induced expansion after irradiation. The thermoelastic expansion of these materials after laser irradiation under subablation threshold was examined to determine its role in the initiation of ablation. The experimentally observed surface expansion of cortical bone and acrylic was in agreement with theoretical predictions. The movement of meniscal tissue was similar to that shown by water. The latter 2 materials showed additional features consistent with the growth and collapse of cavitation bubbles. The exact role of cavitation in the irradiation of meniscal tissue by laser light remains unknown, but may represent a clinically important mode of tissue ablation and postirradiation trauma.
Prevention of Respiratory Failure After Hydrochloric Acid Aspiration by Intratracheal Surfactant Instillation in Rats (1993)

Because the surfactant system probably is involved in the pathophysiology of respiratory failure caused by hydrochloric acid (HCl) aspiration, we investigated the effects of different ventilation strategies and intratracheal surfactant instillation at different time intervals on the course of pulmonary gas exchange after HCl aspiration in rats. In this study rats were anesthetized and mechanically ventilated via a tracheostomy. Respiratory failure was induced by intratracheal instillation of 3 mL/kg 0.1 N HCl. Animals (n = 49) were divided into nine groups: Groups 1 and 2 through 9 were ventilated with peak airway pressure/positive end-expiratory pressure of 14/2 and 26/6 cm H2O, respectively; Groups 3 and 4 received surfactant (200 mg/kg) intratracheally, 1 and 10 min after HCl aspiration; Groups 5 and 6 received saline, 1 and 10 min after HCl aspiration; Groups 7 and 8 received surfactant, 60 and 90 min after HCl aspiration; Group 9 received saline instead of HCl. Gas exchange deteriorated in Groups 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, and 8, whereas respiratory failure could be prevented in Groups 3 and 4. After deterioration of gas exchange, surfactant treatment prevented further decrease of PaO2 values in Group 7, whereas no effect on gas exchange was observed in Group 8; intratracheal instillation of saline had no effect on gas exchange (Group 9). These results suggest that surfactant should be given as early as possible after aspiration of gastric contents to prevent development of respiratory failure.
Compressive Kalman Filtering For Recovering Temporally-Rewiring Genetic Networks (2013)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Marrakech, Morocco, 2013
ChemInform Abstract: Reductions of Aliphatic and Aromatic Nitriles to Primary Amines with Diisopropylaminoborane. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Understanding the Diversity and Distribution of Cyclotides from Plants of Varied Genetic Origin (2017)

Cyclotides are a large family of naturally occurring plant-derived macrocyclic cystine-knot peptides, with more than 400 having been identified in species from the Violaceae, Rubiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Fabaceae, and Solanaceae families. Nevertheless, their specialized distribution within the plant kingdom remains poorly understood. In this study, the diversity of cyclotides was explored through the screening of 197 plants belonging to 43 different families. In total, 28 cyclotides were sequenced from 15 plant species, one of which belonged to the Rubiaceae and 14 to the Violaceae. Every Violaceae species screened contained cyclotides, but they were only sparsely represented in Rubiaceae and nonexistent in other families. The study thus supports the hypothesis that cyclotides are ubiquitous in the Violaceae, and it adds to the list of plants found to express kalata S and cycloviolacin O12. Finally, previous studies suggested the existence of cyclotide isoforms with either an Asn or an Asp at the C-terminal processing site of the cyclotide domain within the precursor proteins. Here we found that despite the discovery of a few cyclotides genuinely containing an Asp in loop 6 as evidenced by gene sequencing, deamidation of Asn during enzymatic digestion resulted in the artifactual presence of Asp isoforms. This result is consistent with studies suggesting that peptides can undergo deamidation after being subjected to external factors, including pH, temperature, and enzymatic digestion.
Hyaluronic acid Grafting on Silicon Surfaces : Towards an Increased Biocomp of Brain Micro-Electorde arrays (2008)

Hyaluronic acid Grafting on Silicon Surfaces : Towards an Increased Biocomp of Brain Micro-Electorde arrays
Drug-induced relaxation of supercoiled plasmid DNA in Bacillus subtilis and induction of the SOS response (1988)

Whereas treatment with many different drugs led to induction of the SOS response in Bacillus subtilis, only inhibitors of DNA gyrase subunit B and, unexpectedly, polyether antibiotics (membrane ionophores) led to relaxation of supercoiled plasmid DNA. However, treatment with DNA gyrase subunit B inhibitors but not with polyethers led to SOS induction. Thus, the presence of underwound supercoiled DNA was not sufficient to induce the SOS response. Possible mechanisms by which polyethers induce relaxation of supercoiled DNA in vivo are discussed.
Passive Localization: A Model-Base Approach (1988)

Passive localization by use of propagation models, sometimes called 'Matched Field Processing' is usually carried out in three steps. First some appropriate model is selected, then model parameters (usually taken from archival data or from auxiliary measurements) are introduced into the model. Finally acoustic measurements of the field radiated by the source to be located are made---which, in combination with the properly parameterized model, allow a solution for the source coordinates to be carried out. Here we use such a model-based approach in conjunction with a normal-mode model. By coupling the procedure with a parameter estimation/identification scheme and using a horizontal (towed) array instead of the usual vertical array, we show that the model parameters need not be known a priori in order to carry out the solution. This is in contrast to the standard approach in which the modal functions and wavenumber must be a priori known in order to solve the problem; sufficient information to determine the range of the source can be inferred directly from the measured data themselves. Using a sophisticated acoustic propagation model to generate simulated data, coupled with various array processing techniques, the feasibility of the approach is demonstrated. The essential problems associated withmore » the technique are found to be the need for a large aperture for sufficiently accurate wavenumber estimation, and the need for a general sensitivity study in order to evaluate the efficiency of the algorithm. 16 refs., 11 figs., 1 tab.« less
Gastrointestinal Vascular Malformations and Neoplasms: Arterial, Venous, Arteriovenous, and Capillary (2015)

The gastrointestinal tract is affected by a wide variety of vascular lesions which may be a source of gastrointestinal bleeding. Vascular lesions in the gastrointestinal tract can be classified as neoplastic or nonneoplastic. Nonneoplastic lesions can then be further categorized as either structural (e.g., angiodysplasia) or inflammatory (e.g., vasculitis). Structural malformations may be arteriovenous, arterial, capillary, or venous in origin. This chapter reviews the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management of Dieulafoy lesions, gastrointestinal vascular ectasia, angiodysplasia, hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), hemangiomas, vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, pseudoxanthoma elasticum, angiosarcomas, hemangiopericytomas, and hemangioendotheliomas. Patients with a bleeding Dieulafoy lesion typically require vigorous fluid resuscitation, blood transfusions, and endoscopic therapy. Blood transfusions may be needed for acute gastrointestinal bleeding, whereas iron replacement therapy may be sufficient for chronic gastrointestinal bleeding. Surgery is reserved for severe bleeding from well-characterized and localized lesions that are refractory to endoscopic, angiographic, and medical therapy.
Combustors for Micro-Gas Turbine Engines (1998)

The development of a hydrogen-air microcombustor is described. The combustor is intended for use in a 1 mm2 inlet area, micro-gas turbine engine. While the size of the device poses several difficulties, it also provides new and unique opportunities. The combustion concept investigated is based upon introducing hydrogen and premixing it with air upstream of the combustor. The wide flammability limits of hydrogen-air mixtures and the use of refractory ceramics enable combustion at lean conditions, obviating the need for both a combustor dilution zone and combustor wall cooling. The entire combustion process is carried out at temperatures below the limitations set by material properties, resulting in a significant reduction of complexity when compared to larger-scale gas turbine combustors. A feasibility study with initial design analyses is presented, followed by experimental results from 0.13 cm3 silicon carbide and steel microcombustors. The combustors were operated for tens of hours, and produced the requisite heat release for a microengine application over a range of fuel-air ratios, inlet temperatures, and pressures up to four atmospheres. Issues of flame stability, heat transfer, ignition and mixing are addressed. A discussion of requirements for catalytic processes for hydrocarbon fuels is also presented.