gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Detection of DNA Hybridization by Methylene Blue Electrochemistry at Activated Nanoelectrode Ensembles (2014)

Nanoelectrode ensembles (NEEs) obtained by electroless gold deposition in track-etched poly-carbonate (PC) membranes are functionalized and applied for DNA hybridization detection, using methylene blue (MB) as electroactive probe. To this aim, an amine terminated (ss)DNA probe is immobilized on the PC surface of the NEE by reaction via carbodiimide and N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide. In order to increase the number of carboxylic groups present on PC and suitable for the functionalization, the surface of NEEs is oxidized with potassium permanganate. The presence of carboxylic functionalities is verified by spectrochemical titration with thionin acetate (THA) and the effect of the activation treatment on the electrode performances is evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV). After activation and functionalization with the probes, the NEE-based sensor is hybridized with complementary target sequences. The effect of the functionalization of the NEEs both with the (ss)DNA probe alone and after hybridization with the target, is studied by measuring the changes in the MB reduction signal by square wave voltammetry (SWV), after incubation in a suitable MB solution, rinsing and transfer to the measurement cell. It was observed that this peak signal decreases significantly after hybridization of the probe with the complementary target. Experimental evidences suggest that the interaction between MB and the guanines of (ss)DNA and (ds)DNA is at the basis of the development of the here observed analytical signal. The proposed approach allows the easy preparation and testing of NEE-based sensors for the electrochemical DNA hybridization detection.
TRAF4 Is a Critical Molecule for Akt Activation in Lung Cancer (2013)

TRAF4 is an adapter protein overexpressed in certain cancers, but its contributions to tumorigenesis are unclear. In lung cancer cells and primary lung tumors, we found that TRAF4 is overexpressed. RNA interference-mediated attenuation of TRAF4 expression blunted the malignant phenotype in this setting, exerting inhibitory effects on cell proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, and tumor development in a xenograft mouse model. Unexpectedly, we discovered that TRAF4, but not Skp2, was required for activation of the pivotal cell survival kinase Akt through ubiquitination. Furthermore, TRAF4 attenuation impaired glucose metabolism by inhibiting expression of Glut1 and HK2 mediated by the Akt pathway. Overall, our work suggests that TRAF4 offers a candidate molecular target for lung cancer prevention and therapy.
Properties of Nickel Products for SOFC Applications (2007)

The first part of this paper presents a review of all nickel products that find applications in SOFCs. The work covers nickel oxides, nickel and nickel alloy foams, nickel powders, and nickel-coated graphite. The second part of the paper reports experimental work in two areas. The first one is an experimental study on the creep properties of nickel foam under compressive stress at high temperatures. This would provide insights for using nickel and nickel alloy foam as GDL or anode current collector in SOFC's. Another experimental work is concerning the preparation of SOFC anodes using Ni based powders including nickel oxides and nickel powders. Results are reported in this paper on volume and dimensional changes of an anode during burnout stage and sintering stage when various nickel powders and a nickel oxide are used.
Enzymatic basis for a lectin-resistant phenotype: increase in a fucosyltransferase in mouse melanoma cells. (1982)

In the search for the biochemical basis of the control of glycosylation of cell surface carbohydrates, revertant clones were isolated from previously characterized wheat germ agglutinin-resistant clones of B16 mouse melanoma cells by selection for resistance to Lotus tetragonolobus lectin or to ricin. Comparison of the wheat germ agglutinin-resistant clones with the parent and revertant clones indicated that this phenotype was correlated with an increased sensitivity to the Lotus lectin, a 60- to 70-fold increase in alpha 1 leads to 3 fucosyltransferase activity and a decreased sialic acid content of the N-glycosidic chains of glycoproteins. The results suggest a novel type of control mechanism for lectin resistance, an increase in a glycosyltransferase activity. The presence of alpha 1 leads to 3 bound fucose on N-acetylglucosamine residues would interfere with the addition of sialic acid by alpha 2 leads to 3 linkages to galactose residues in the carbohydrate units, and this change could explain the resistance to wheat germ agglutinin and the increased sensitivity to the Lotus lectin. A change in a regulatory gene for the fucosyltransferase as a possible primary cause for the changed phenotype is discussed.
Toxic Gas Removal by Dielectric Discharge with Corona Effect (2006)

In this work, a theoretical and experimental study on SO2 and NOx removal by non‐thermal plasma technology, more specifically a dielectric barrier (DBD) discharge combined with the Corona effect, is presented. Results obtained from a theoretical study describe the chemical kinetic model of SO2 and NOx removal processes; the effect of OH radicals in removal of both gases is noteworthy. Experimental results of de‐SO2 process are reported. Also, optical emission spectroscopy study was applied on some atomic helium lines to obtain temperature of electrons in the non‐thermal plasma.
Molecular Typing of Strains of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Bone and Joint Lesions in Lame Broilers by Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA (2001)

A study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the presence of localized bacterial infection and lameness in broiler fowl (Gallus gallus domesticus). Isolation of bacteria from the proximal femur, proximal tibia, and tibiotarsus from broilers with lameness revealed a probable association between lameness and the presence of Staphlylococcus aureus. Other potential pathogens, including Escherichia coli and DNase-negative staphylococci, were also isolated from sound and lame birds, and their association with pathologies causing lameness was less well defined. After trials with a set of twenty 10-base oligonucleotide primers, a pair of primers giving optimal performance was selected. The S. aureus isolates were typed by random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) by using the pair of 10-mer primers, and groupings were defined by banding patterns after agarose gel electrophoresis. The putative RAPD groupings may provide a basis for epidemiological studies of S. aureus in broiler production systems.
Time-sensitive query auto-completion (2012)

Query auto-completion (QAC) is a common feature in modern search engines. High quality QAC candidates enhance search experience by saving users time that otherwise would be spent on typing each character or word sequentially.
In vivo administration of hypomethylating agents mitigate graft-versus-host disease without sacrificing graft-versus-leukemia (2010)

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) suppress graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) while preserving a beneficial graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect. Thus, their use in allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) provides a promising strategy to treat GVHD. However, 3 obstacles prevent their routine use in human clinical trials: (1) low circulating number of Tregs in peripheral blood, (2) loss of suppressor function after in vitro expansion, and (3) lack of Treg-specific surface markers necessary for efficient purification. FOXP3 is exclusively expressed in Tregs and forced expression in CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells can convert these non-Tregs into Tregs with functional suppressor function. Here, we show that the FDA-approved hypomethylating agents, decitabine (Dec) and azacitidine (AzaC), induce FOXP3 expression in CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells both in vitro and in vivo. Their suppressor function is dependent on direct contact, partially dependent on perforin 1 (Prf1), but independent of granzyme B (GzmB), and surprisingly, Foxp3. Independence of Foxp3 suggests that genes responsible for the suppressor function are also regulated by DNA methylation. We have identified 48 candidate genes for future studies. Finally, AzaC treatment of mice that received a transplant of major histocompatibility complex mismatched allogeneic bone marrow and T cells mitigates GVHD while preserving GVL by peripheral conversion of alloreactive effector T cells into FOXP3(+) Tregs and epigenetic modulation of genes downstream of Foxp3 required for the suppressor function of Tregs.
Electrochemical solution properties of poly(vinylbenzyltrialkylammonium) salts (1995)

Abstract Poly(vinylbenzyltrialkylammonium) salts with alkyl groups having 1 to 8 carbon atoms on the ammonium nitrogen atom were synthesized. The polymers are soluble in water but have different solubility when low molecular salts such as sodium chloride are added. The reduced solution viscosity in water showed typical polyelectrolyte behavior. Larger alkyl groups make the polymers much less soluble and even insoluble in water. The polymers are still soluble in methanol. To study the counterion‐polyion interactions in semidilute and dilute solution the electrical conductivity and counterion activity were investigated in a range of low polyelectrolyte concentration (10 −6 < c p 10 −3 monomol/l). With decreasing concentration, below the overlap concentration, a rapid increase of the equivalent conductivity occurred followed by a maximum. The electrochemical solution properties were found to be influenced by the size of the substituents of the cationic group.
The impact of SMD post baking process on the yield of printed circuit board assemblies (2005)

A baking process widely used in integrated circuit (IC) manufacturing prior to printed circuit board assembly reduces the moisture level in the permeable surface mount device (SMD). Baking prevents moisture-induced delamination and popcorn failures. However, baking can degrade component solderability, e.g., the intermetallic compound (IMC) Au/sub 0.5/Ni/sub 0.5/Sn/sub 4/ can grow and cause the solder ball falling off issues at ball grid array (BGA) board assembly. From a risk tradeoff perspective, a longer baking time at relatively high temperature is beneficial to drive out moisture but has the disadvantage of being sensitive to the formation of IMC (Au/sub 0.5/Ni/sub 0.5/Sn/sub 4/). It is difficult to simultaneously achieve an acceptable yield of print circuit board assembly (PCBA) due to the tradeoff between the critical moisture level and formation of IMC unless the baking process is optimally controlled. Moreover, as the "green" electronics are introduced into SMD with characteristically higher moisture resistance, the baking time must be increased. In this article, the moisture-induced failures and IMC induced solder ball falling off will be addressed, and the mechanism of IMC formation and its influence on solder bail strength will be analyzed. Both moisture and IMC removal by the optimization of the baking process and component reflow after baking will be described to achieve high PCBA yield.
An analysis of ion beam trajectories by using boundary element method (1990)

A two-dimensional ion extraction system is studied using the boundary-element method. Ion beam trajectories with their space charge are calculated by solving the equations of motion and the Poisson equation under the assumption of stationary charge flow, and the shape of the plasma boundary is modified until the Child-Langmuir relationship on the boundary surface is satisfied. An ion extraction system with a three-electrodes structure is also investigated. It is shown that the shape of the plasma boundary depends on the variation of extraction voltage, and that it strongly depends on the shape of the first aperture, the extraction voltage, and the plasma density. It is concluded that the proposed algorithm can accurately determine the shape of the plasma boundary.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
<i>q</i>-ENGEL SERIES EXPANSIONS AND SLATER'S IDENTITIES (2001)

Abstract Dedicated to the memory of John Knopfmacher (1937–1999) We describe the q-Engel series expansion for Laurent series discovered by John Knopfmacher and use this algorithm to shed new light on partition identities related to two entries from Slater's list. In our study Al-Salam/Ismail and Santos polynomials play a crucial rĉole.
<title>Scattering center model for SAR imagery</title> (1999)

We present a high frequency model for scattering present in SAR imagery. The model retains dominant terms of the electromagnetic scattering response of canonical scattering objects using solutions from both Physical Optics and the Geometric Theory of Diffraction. Both frequency and aspect dependence of scattering centers are modeled. It is applicable to single polarization as well as multiple polarization data, and it provides an effective, physics- based description of complex SAR imagery. The model parameters provide a concise, physically relevant description of a complex object and are thus good candidates for use in target recognition, radar data compression, and scattering phenomenology studies. Algorithms for estimating the parameters from measured SAR imagery are presented, and the problem of model structure selection is addressed.
2‐Substituted Pyrroles from N‐tert‐Butoxycarbonyl‐2‐Bromopyrrole: N‐tert‐Butoxycarbonyl‐2‐Trimethylsilylpyrrole (2003)

Abstract 2‐substituted pyrroles from N‐tert‐butoxycarbonyl‐2‐bromopyrrole: N‐tert‐butoxycarbonyl‐2‐trimethylsilylpyrrole intermediate: N‐tert‐butoxycarbonyl‐2‐bromopyrrole (13.5 g, 54.9 mmol) in 40 mL of hexane product: N‐tert‐butoxycarbonyl‐2‐trimethylsilylpyrrole (2)
Effects of lactoferrin derived peptides on simulants of biological warfare agents (2016)

Lactoferrin (LF) is an important immune protein in neutrophils and secretory fluids of mammals. Bovine LF (bLF) harbours two antimicrobial stretches, lactoferricin and lactoferampin, situated in close proximity in the N1 domain. To mimic these antimicrobial domain parts a chimeric peptide (LFchimera) has been constructed comprising parts of both stretches (LFcin17-30 and LFampin265-284). To investigate the potency of this construct to combat a set of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria which are regarded as simulants for biological warfare agents, the effect on bacterial killing, membrane permeability and membrane polarity were determined in comparison to the constituent peptides and the native bLF. Furthermore we aimed to increase the antimicrobial potency of the bLF derived peptides by cationic amino acid substitutions. Overall, the bactericidal activity of the peptides could be related to membrane disturbing effects, i.e. membrane permeabilization and depolarization. Those effects were most prominent for the LFchimera. Arginine residues were found to be crucial for displaying antimicrobial activity, as lysine to arginine substitutions resulted in an increased antimicrobial activity, affecting mostly LFampin265-284 whereas arginine to lysine substitutions resulted in a decreased bactericidal activity, predominantly in case of LFcin17-30.
STTR (2018)

To fully exploit the capabilities of sensors in real life, especially cameras, smart camera surveillance requires the cooperation from both domain experts in computer vision and systems. Existing alert-based smart surveillance is only capable of tracking a limited number of suspicious objects, while in most real-life applications, we often do not know the perpetrator ahead of time for tracking their activities in advance. In this work, we propose a radically different approach to smart surveillance for vehicle tracking. Specifically, we explore a smart camera surveillance system aimed at tracking all vehicles in real time. The insight is not to store the raw videos, but to store the space-time trajectories of the vehicles. Since vehicle tracking is a continuous and geo-distributed task, we assume a geo-distributed Fog computing infrastructure as the execution platform for our system. To bound the storage space for storing the trajectories on each Fog node (serving the computational needs of a camera), we focus on the activities of vehicles in the vicinity of a given camera in a specific geographic region instead of the time dimension, and the fact that every vehicle has a "finite" lifetime. To bound the computational and network communication requirements for detection, re-identification, and inter-node communication, we propose novel techniques, namely, forward and backward propagation that reduces the latency for the operations and the communication overhead. STTR is a system for smart surveillance that we have built embodying these ideas. For evaluation, we develop a toolkit upon SUMO to emulate camera detections from traffic flow and adopt MaxiNet to emulate the fog computing infrastructure on Microsoft Azure.
Magnetotransport characteristics of strained La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 epitaxial manganite films (2009)

The electrical and magnetic characteristics of La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO) epitaxial manganite films are investigated by different methods under conditions when the crystal structure is strongly strained as a result of mismatch between the lattice parameters of the LSMO crystal and the substrate. Substrates with lattice parameters larger and smaller than the nominal lattice parameter of the LSMO crystal are used in experiments. It is shown that the behavior of the temperature dependence of the electrical resistance for the films in the low-temperature range does not depend on the strain of the film and agrees well with the results obtained from the calculations with allowance made for the interaction of electrons with magnetic excitations in the framework of the double-exchange model for systems with strongly correlated electronic states. Investigations of the magneto- optical Kerr effect have revealed that an insignificant (0.3%) orthorhombic distortion of the cubic lattice in the plane of the NdGaO3(110) substrate leads to uniaxial anisotropy of the magnetization of the film, with the easy-magnetization axis lying in the substrate plane. However, LSMO films on substrates (((LaAlO3)0.3+(Sr2AlTaO6)0.7)(001)) ensuring minimum strain of the films exhibit a biaxial anisotropy typical of cubic crystals. The study of the ferromagnetic resonance lines at a frequency of 9.76 GHz confirms the results of magnetooptical investigations and indicates that the ferromagnetic phase in the LSMO films is weakly inhomogeneous.
Ultrasonic Butt Welding of Anticorrosive Aluminum and Copper Plate Specimens (1989)

Ultrasonic butt welding of anticorrosive aluminum and copper plate specimens is studied. Ultrasonic butt welding equipment of 19 kHz frequency is used. The ultrasonic vibration source uses eight bolt-clamped Langevin type PZT transducers of 50 mm diameter driven by 10 kW to 50 kW power amplifiers. Welding specimens used are anticorrosive aluminum and copper plates of 6 mm thickness and 7 mm to 14 mm width. These welding specimens are successfully joined end to end with anticorrosive aluminum specimen strength of about 250 MPa. Required power for joining these specimens is 7-9 kW/cm 2 .
Safety and efficacy of coformulated efavirenz/emtricitabine/tenofovir single‐tablet regimen in treatment‐naive patients infected with HIV‐1 (2014)

Due to the differences between bioavailability of efavirenz (EFV) and tenofovir (TDF), the single-tablet regimen of EFV/emtricitabine (FTC)/TDF is not approved as initial antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Europe by the European Medical Agency. To compare clinical, immunological, and virological outcomes between co-formulated TDF/FTC+EFV and the co-formulated EFV/FTC/TDF single-tablet regimen in patients infected with HIV-1 naive to ART, the data of patients (n = 231) who initiated either TDF/FTC+EFV (n = 155) or EFV/FTC/TDF (n = 76) between January 1, 2007 and June 1, 2010 were analyzed. Changes from baseline to week 48 (TDF/FTC+EFV vs. EFV/FTC/TDF) in HIV plasma load (- 3.25 log vs. -3.32 log) and CD4+ T cell count (+180 vs. +138 cells/mm3) were similar in the two groups. Treatment discontinuation was recorded in 50 (22%) patients (40 on TDF/FTC+EFV and 10 on EFV/FTC/TDF, P = 0.03) but time to discontinuation did not differ between the two groups. Only patients on TDF/FTC+EFV discontinued treatment because of neurological symptoms. Virological failure occurred in 11 (4.7%) patients (seven on TDF/FTC+EFV and four on EFV/FTC/TDF, P = 0.75) with new resistance-associated mutations in five among the six with successful resistance genotype tests. Only baseline resistance-associated mutations was a risk factor for virological failure (P = 0.0146). These data show comparable outcomes between TDF/FTC+EFV or EFV/FTC/TDF used in patients infected with HIV-1 and not treated previously, consistent with a low rate of virological failure in the absence of pretreatment resistance. This would suggest that the European Medical Agency should approve co-formulated EFV/FTC/TDF single-tablet regimen for patients naive to ART.
DNA Packaging and Organization in Mammalian Spermatozoa: Comparison with Somatic Cell (1991)

Mammalian sperm DNA is the most tightly compacted eukaryotic DNA, being at least sixfold more highly condensed than the DNA in mitotic chromosomes. To achieve this high degree of packaging, sperm DNA interacts with protamines to form linear, side-by-side arrays of chromatin. This differs markedly from the bulkier DNA packaging of somatic cell nuclei and mitotic chromosomes, in which the DNA is coiled around histone octamers to form nucleosomes. The overall organization of mammalian sperm DNA, however, resembles that of somatic cells in that both the linear arrays of sperm chromatin and the 30-nm solenoid filaments of somatic cell chromatin are organized into loop domains attached at their bases to a nuclear matrix. In addition to the sperm nuclear matrix, sperm nuclei contain a unique structure termed the sperm nuclear annulus to which the entire complement of DNA appears to be anchored when the nuclear matrix is disrupted during decondensation. In somatic cells, proper function of DNA is dependent upon the structural organization of the DNA by the nuclear matrix, and the structural organization of sperm DNA is likely to be just as vital to the proper functioning of the spermatozoa.
Supplementary Table 4 from Somatic <i>ERCC2</i> Mutations Correlate with Cisplatin Sensitivity in Muscle-Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma (2023)

<p>Significantly altered genes in clinical subsets. MutSigCV ranked lists for significantly mutated genes in the non-responders only (n = 25), the responders only (n = 25), and the ERCC2WT responders only (n = 16).</p>
Risk of tumor progression in colon carcinoma resection and perioperative prophylaxis with polyvalent immunoglobulins – per aspera ad astra (2018)

There is strong evidence that tumor progression in the postoperative period is attributable to the influx of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) into the blood from the gastrointestinal (GI) lumen. Although several research groups have emphasized the need to neutralize LPS antigens from the GI tract to prevent tumor progression and reduce the inflammatory response, a therapeutic option to achieve this has not been put forward hitherto. Enterally applied immunoglobulins (IgG) in the form of colostrum concentrates are able to neutralize LPS antigens from the GI tract and to reduce the inflammatory response during abdominal surgery. Thus, the perioperative oral application of IgG appears to be an interesting and safe therapeutic option during colon carcinoma resection. A treatment strategy suitable for routine use at low cost in such patients and based on polyvalent immunoglobulins containing IgG is described. .
Dorzolamide/Timolol Fixed Combination Versus Concomitant Administration of Brimonidine and Timolol in Patients with Elevated Intraocular Pressure (2004)

The IOP-lowering effect of the dorzolamide/timolol fixed combination and concomitant brimonidine plus timolol were comparable at 3 of the 4 timepoints measured. Patient-reported measures and the incidence of adverse experiences in both treatment groups were similar.