gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interaction of PKC and NOS in signal transduction of microvascular hyperpermeability (1997)

Our previous studies have shown that inflammatory mediators increase microvascular permeability through a phospholipase C-nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-guanylate cyclase cascade. The aim of this study is to delineate in more detail the signaling pathway leading to microvascular hyperpermeability. Endothelial cytosolic calcium and the apparent permeability coefficient of albumin (Pa) were measured in isolated and perfused coronary venules. Histamine stimulated a rapid increase in cytosolic calcium followed by a transient elevation in Pa. The NOS inhibitor NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) and the guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate-dependent protein kinase G (PKG) inhibitor KT-5823 abolished the hyperpermeability but did not affect the calcium response to histamine. Similarly, the calcium ionophore ionomycin produced a calcium spike preceding venular hyperpermeability. Blockage of the NOS-PKG cascade inhibited the increase in Pa, whereas the endothelial calcium was still elevated on administration of ionomycin. Furthermore, the relationship between protein kinase C (PKC) and the calcium-NOS-PKG pathway in modulation of venular permeability was investigated. Stimulation of PKC with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) dramatically increased basal Pa without significantly changing the cytosolic calcium level. The selective PKC inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide abolished the effect of PMA but did not alter the effect of histamines on Pa. In contrast, both L-NMMA and KT-5823 were able to greatly attenuate the increase in Pa caused by PMA. These results suggest that 1) elevation of endothelial cytosolic calcium is an early signaling event preceding nitric oxide (NO) synthesis in the transduction of endothelial hyperpermeability, and 2) activation of PKC may alter the endothelial barrier function partially through the modulation of NO production.
Anti-GBM Glomerulonephritis Involves IL-1 but Is Independent of NLRP3/ASC Inflammasome-Mediated Activation of Caspase-1 (2011)

IL-1β and IL-18 are proinflammatory cytokines that contribute to renal immune complex disease, but whether IL-1β and IL-18 are mediators of intrinsic glomerular inflammation is unknown. In contrast to other cytokines the secretion of IL-1β and IL-18 requires a second stimulus that activates the inflammasome-ASC-caspase-1 pathway to cleave pro-IL-1β and -IL-18 into their mature and secretable forms. As the NLRP3 inflammasome and caspase-1 were shown to contribute to postischemic and postobstructive tubulointerstitial inflammation, we hypothesized a similar role for NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1 in glomerular immunopathology. This concept was supported by the finding that lack of IL-1R1 reduced antiserum-induced focal segmental necrosis, crescent formation, and tubular atrophy when compared to wildtype mice. Lack of IL-18 reduced tubular atrophy only. However, NLRP3-, ASC- or caspase-1-deficiency had no significant effect on renal histopathology or proteinuria of serum nephritis. In vitro studies with mouse glomeruli or mesangial cells, glomerular endothelial cells, and podocytes did not reveal any pro-IL-1β induction upon LPS stimulation and no caspase-1 activation after an additional exposure to the NLRP3 agonist ATP. Only renal dendritic cells, which reside mainly in the tubulointerstitium, expressed pro-IL-1β and were able to activate the NLRP3-caspase-1 axis and secrete mature IL-1β. Together, the NLRP3-ASC-caspase-1 axis does not contribute to intrinsic glomerular inflammation via glomerular parenchymal cells as these cannot produce IL-1β during sterile inflammation.
Psychopharmacotherapy of psychiatric syndromes in asymptomatic and symptomatic HIV infection. (1991)

It is evident that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is one of the most serious public health issues in decades. HIV infection compromises cell-mediated immunity which ultimately may result in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). AIDS, to date, remains an incurable and progressively fatal disorder. HIV infection is spreading beyond the originally identified high-prevalence groups of gay/bisexual males, intravenous drug abusers, and recipients of infected blood or blood products. Today, more and more heterosexual males, women, adolescents, and children have been infected with this lethal virus. This report addresses some of the psychiatric complications associated with HIV infection and discusses the diagnostic and clinical management challenges that clinicians must face as they deal with the increasing population of HIV-infected patients. Depression, anxiety, psychosis, delirium, and dementia are commonly encountered disorders associated with HIV spectrum disorders which must be accurately identified and can be effectively managed with psychopharmacological interventions.
Cloning of the complete coding sequence of rat fibrinogen B beta chain cDNA: interspecies conservation of fibrin beta 15-42 primary structure. (1994)

After thrombin cleavage, the newly exposed NH2-termini of the beta chains play a role in both fibrin polymerization and fibrin interactions with cells in the process of wound healing. These physiological responses have been shown to be mediated, at least in part, by beta 15-42. To compare the sequence of the beta chain of fibrin across species, the complete coding sequence of the rat fibrinogen B beta chain cDNA was cloned (designated pRB beta 3) and characterized. The sequence newly determined from pRB beta 3 encompassed nucleotides 121-589, encoding residues 9-165 of the mature polypeptide. Significant homology of pRB beta 3 cDNA and deduced amino acid sequences was found when compared with other species' B beta chains. The rat B beta-Arg14-Gly15 thrombin cleavage site is conserved; however, the fibrinopeptide B sequences are only 50% similar when rat is compared with human. In contrast, the beta 15-42 region is 100% similar when allowing for conservative amino acid substitutions. Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) specific for human fibrinogen B beta 1-21 (1-8C6) and human fibrin beta 15-21 (59D8 and T2G1) failed to cross-react with rat fibrinogen or fibrin by ELISA, respectively, even though thrombin conversion of rat fibrinogen to fibrin was confirmed. MAb 1-8C6 reacted with reduced and denatured human fibrinogen B beta chain by Western blotting, whereas, MAb T2G1 did not blot with reduced and denatured human fibrin beta chain. A comparative analysis of the binding affinity of the human B beta fibrin(ogen) specific MAbs with B beta fibrin(ogen) from several species suggested that amino acid residues preceding and including Arg14-Gly15 are important in the epitope of the B beta 1-21 specific MAb 1-8C6, and that residues Gly15, Leu19 and/or Lys21 play an important role in the epitope shared by the beta 15-21-specific MAbs T2G1 and 59D8.
Development of open-gradient magnetic separation for coal cleaning using a superconducting quadrupole field. Revision 1 (1985)

The application of a 3.6 Tesla superconducting quadrupole magnet for the open-gradient magnetic separation of ash-forming minerals and pyritic sulfur from coal is presented. The results of modeling in support of the experimental program are described, along with specific parameters to be investigated such as coal particle size distribution, and particle magnetic susceptibility. 19 refs., 4 figs., 1 tab.
Chronic hepatitis C and no response to antiviral therapy: potential current and future therapeutic options (2004)

A significant proportion of chronic hepatitis C patients fails to achieve sustained virologic response even after treatment with the current, more potent, combination of pegylated interferon-alpha (IFNa) plus ribavirin. Such patients represent a rather heterogeneous group and may be divided initially into relapsers and nonresponders. Both the type of previous therapy and of previous response are very important factors for the indication and the type of re-treatment. The combination of pegylated IFNa and ribavirin seems to be a rational approach for patients who failed to respond to IFNa monotherapy. Pegylated IFNa-based regimens appear to induce sustained responses in 40-68% of relapsers but in only 11% of nonresponders to previous therapy with standard IFNa plus ribavirin. Thus, new therapeutic approaches are needed for the latter subgroup of patients as well as those who fail to respond to pegylated IFNa-based regimens. Such new approaches currently under evaluation include the triple combination of pegylated IFNa, ribavirin, and amantadine, alternative types of IFN, use of agents with ribavirin like activity but lesser degrees of side-effects, inhibitors of hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication, mainly inhibitors of NS3 protease or helicase, antisense oligonucleotides, and ribozymes, and several immunomodulators. Moreover, maintenance antifibrotic therapy, mostly with low doses of pegylated IFNa, are under evaluation in patients with advanced fibrosis. Thus, even in the current era of the potent pegylated IFNa-based regimens, the management of these difficult-to-treat patients represents an increasingly frequent problem and perhaps the most challenging therapeutic task in chronic hepatitis C.
Effect of a Metal-strap Thicknesses on the Bending Process (2001)

On the bending process, metal-strap plays an important role in dispersing the stress generated in wood. Therefore, the metal-strap has more influence on the property of bentwood materials. The effect of the metal-strap thickness for bentwood was examined. The effect of metal-strap on the bending properties of Korean red pine(Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc.)was investigated in this research. The metal-strap thickness is divided into 4 kinds such as 1.0, 0.8, 0.6, 0.4 mm. The specimens were selected by grain such as annual ring angles, flat grain and half-edge grain specimens. As a result of this study, the bending ability of 1.0, 0.8 mm, thickness of half-edge grain specimens was better than flat grain specimens but the result of 0.6, 0.4 mm were reversed. The bending ability of half-edge grain was better than flat grain and the grade was higher. When the processed specimens were dried, the radius of curvature(ROC) was decreased became drying-stress was not perfectly dispersed. An optimum drying-condition would deminish this phenomenon.
Dietary Nitrate and Nitrite Concentrations in Food Patterns and Dietary Supplements (2017)

Inorganic nitrate and nitrite are plant nutrients, legally mandated additives to processed meats, and components of foods and dietary supplements associated with blood pressure–lowering and performance-enhancing effects. Controversy around dietary nitrate and nitrite consumption exists because of the potential for increased risk of certain cancers in adults and methemoglobinemia (ie, blue baby syndrome) in infants. However, more recent evidence suggests that dietary nitrate, as an exogenous source for endogenous nitric oxide production via the human nitrate–nitrite–nitric oxide pathway, exerts blood pressure–lowering effects and athletic performance–enhancing activities in humans. Nitrate and nitrite content in foods is lacking from nutrient databases, which limits the ability to study health-related epidemiological associations. Therefore, we estimated human nitrate and nitrite intakes from cultural meal patterns, foods, and dietary supplements in order to determine the potential exposure range from available foods. Examination of prototypical daily meal patterns from 4 cultures showed that meal patterns with the greatest nitrate and nitrite concentrations were those with an abundant amount of leafy greens and root vegetables, such as the Japanese and Chinese diet, whereas concentrations in the American and Indian diet were considerably lower. Furthermore, consumption of 1 serving of a nitrate-rich food or supplement can exceed the World Health Organization acceptable daily intake for nitrate (0-3.7 mg/kg body weight per day or 222 mg/d for a 60-kg adult). Given the potential health benefits and risks for dietary nitrate and nitrite intakes, there is a need for rational dietary guidance regarding nitrate- and nitrite-containing foods in order to achieve optimal cardiovascular health and athletic performance, while taking into account the potential negative health risks.
Evaluating the relation between coding standard violations and faultswithin and across software versions (2009)

In spite of the widespread use of coding standards and tools enforcing their rules, there is little empirical evidence supporting the intuition that they prevent the introduction of faults in software. In previous work, we performed a pilot study to assess the relation between rule violations and actual faults, using the MISRA C 2004 standard on an industrial case. In this paper, we investigate three different aspects of the relation between violations and faults on a larger case study, and compare the results across the two projects. We find that 10 rules in the standard are significant predictors of fault location.
The β-Ag3In phase (1961)

The structure of the BETA -Ag/sub 3/In phase was investigated in an alloy made from spectroscopically standardized silver and indium to the exact composition Ag/sub 3/In. High-temperature x-ray photographs confirmed that the BETA -phase structure was bcdy-centered cubic, and the absence of extra reflections showed that the alloy was single-phase at 684 deg C, with a = 3.3682 A. (M.C.G.)
Accelerated rates of collagen synthesis in atherosclerotic arteries quantified in vivo. (1987)

Rates of arterial collagen and noncollagen protein synthesis were quantified in vivo in rabbits maintained for 4 months on a control diet or the same diet supplemented with 2% peanut oil and 0.25% cholesterol. Thoracic aortas from animals fed the atherogenic diet exhibited raised lesions covering 75% to 100% of the surface. The dry delipidated weight and collagen content of these arterial segments both were significantly increased. The rates of protein synthesis were determined in rabbits given a bolus intravenous injection of 3H-L-proline (1.0 mCi/kg) and unlabelled proline (7 mmol/kg) to attain steady-state levels of specific radioactivity of free proline in plasma and tissues. Plasma proline specific activity decreased only 20% over a 5-hour period and was similar to free proline in arterial tissue, skin, and lung. Collagen synthesis rates (ng/mg dry delipidated weight per hour) were increased 10-fold in the intima plus inner media of atherosclerotic thoracic aortas compared with controls. Rates of collagen synthesis were also increased in the abdominal aortas, whereas protein synthesis in lung and skin was unaffected by diet. Increased rates of collagen synthesis in atherosclerotic arteries significantly exceeded the increases in noncollagen protein synthesis. In addition, collagen synthesis rates in vivo were 12 to 20 times greater than previously measured in vitro. These results demonstrate for the first time in vivo that collagen accumulation in the developing atherosclerotic plaque is in part due to accelerated rates of collagen synthesis by intimal smooth muscle cells.
Manipulation of Liquid Metals on a Graphite Surface (2016)

Liquid metals (LMs) in an alkaline electrolyte, when placed on a graphite surface, are able to be manipulated into desired flat, stable shapes with sharp angles, like triangles. Unique transformations and worm-like anti-gravity upslope LM locomotion under a low-voltage electric field are also revealed.
New chemotherapeutic nitroheterocycles active against 5-nitroimidazole-resistant strains of trichomonads. (1981)

The synthesis and the trichomonacidal activity of some 4-substituted 2-imidazolylquinazoline derivatives are described. The new compounds were highly active against metronidazole-sensitive and metronidazole-resistant strains of trichomonads. This was demonstrated in vitro as well as in various trichomoniasis models in mice and rats after oral treatment.
ZigZag: A Content-Based Publish/Subscribe Architecture for Human Networks (2011)

The wide use of mobile devices gives rise to many novel network applications, which require an efficient communication substrate. These networks, which are comprised solely of human-carried mobile devices, are called human networks (HUNETs). In this paper, we present ZigZag, a content-based publish/subscribe (CBPS) architecture for HUNETs. We deem that CBPS is a natural fit for HUNETs for its inherent anonymity, scalability, and flexibility. However, existing CBPS systems are designed for the Internet, consuming resources beyond the capacity of mobile devices. Additionally, they do not consider user mobility. To address these restrictions, ZigZag employs a transformation-based subscription representation and processing technique, and a Bloom-filter-based message routing and forwarding scheme. The advantages of ZigZag are its low subscription storage consumption and matching complexity. Analytic and simulation results prove that our proposed methods are flexible and more efficient than existing techniques.
Horizontal gaze paresis in hemispheric stroke. (1986)

Of 156 stroke patients prospectively and consecutively evaluated, one-third had a homonymous hemianopia. Of those 52 patients, 46% had a horizontal conjugate gaze paresis at the time of presentation. This gaze paresis was most commonly seen with large hemispheric stroke. The overall prognosis in patients with a gaze paresis was poor. The 30-day case fatality rate was 49% which was significantly higher than for stroke patients presenting with homonymous hemianopia without a gaze paresis.
Active delay control for TCP (2002)

Active delay control is a novel extension for TCP, where TCP endpoints impose delays on the transmission of packets to improve performance. The amount of delay can be calculated by routers from the level of congestion, or by endpoints from the received congestion signals. In particular, when there are many TCP flows competing for the bandwidth of a link, they can reduce their transmission rates to arbitrary degrees by increasing delays, without experiencing TCP time-outs. Active delay control is therefore useful for those long-lived TCP-based applications that cannot tolerate time-outs. Examples of such applications are video streaming and storage networks. It is also useful for short-lived flows that require short transfer time. Examples of such applications are HTTP transactions. We present the concept and motivation behind active delay control, and evaluate them by simulation.
Secure Information Aggregation for Smart Grids Using Homomorphic Encryption (2010)

In this paper, we present a distributed incremental data aggregation approach, in which data aggregation is performed at all smart meters involved in routing the data from the source meter to the collector unit. With a carefully constructed aggregation tree, the aggregation route covers the entire local neighborhood or any arbitrary set of designated nodes with minimum overhead. To protect user privacy, homomorphic encryption is used to secure the data en route. Therefore, all the meters participate in the aggregation, without seeing any intermediate or final result. In this way, our approach supports efficient data aggregation in smart grids, while fully protecting user privacy. This approach is especially suitable for smart grids with repetitive routine data aggregation tasks.
Task dependence and termination in Ada (1997)

This article analyzes the semantics of task dependence and termination in Ada. We use a contour model of Ada tasking in examining the implications of and possible motivation for the rules that determine when procedures and tasks terminate during execution of an Ada program. The termination rules prevent the data that belong to run-time instances of scope units from being deallocated prematurely, but they are unnecessarily conservative in this regard. For task instances that are created by invoking a storage allocator, we show that the conservative termination policy allows heap storage to be managed more efficiently than a less conservative policy. The article also examines the manner in which the termination rules affect the synchronization of concurrent tasks. Master-slave and client-server applications are considered. We show that the rules for distributed termination of concurrent tasks guarantee that a task terminates only if it can no longer affect the outcome of an execution. The article is meant to give programmers a better understanding of Ada tasking and to help language designers assess the strengths and weaknesses of the termination model.
Cyril Hart, The Hidation of Cambridgeshire (1978)

Genet Jean-Philippe. Cyril Hart, The Hidation of Cambridgeshire. In: Annales. Economies, sociétés, civilisations. 33ᵉ année, N. 1, 1978. pp. 156-157.
Finite Element Analysis of Stationary Magnetic Field (2012)

Physical phenomena of electromagnetic nature are described by Maxwell’s equations from the mathematical point of view. These are differential equations with the given boundary conditions. By means of them, the exact solution of the problem is obtained. In this way, the value of function or functions in any point of the studied range is calculated. This represents the analytical way for solving the problems.
Interaction of Spin Waves and Ultrasonic Waves in Ferromagnetic Crystals (1958)

A field-theoretical treatment is given of the magnetoelastic coupling of magnons and phonons in a ferromagnetic crystal. The effects of the coupling are large when the wavelengths and frequencies of the two fields are equal. If the two transverse phonon states of a given wave vector are degenerate, then the rotatory dispersion of the phonons will be large. The possibility exists of creating nonreciprocal acoustic elements, such as acoustic gyrators. At simultaneous resonance the phonon attenuation is expected to be large. The possibility of magnetostrictive transducers at microwave frequencies is discussed. A calculation is given of the damping by eddy currents of spin waves in a metal.
“Trabajo y medioambiente: hacia una Convergencia anticapitalista” (2014)

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo principal mostrar algunas reflexiones en torno a dos procesos críticos para la actual fase de la acumulación capitalista: (1) los desplazamientos geográficos de la proletarización y explotación de la fuerza de trabajo; (2) los desplazamientos geográficos de los costos de las externalidades medioambientales y la fijación del monopolio y renta de la tierra. Se trata de dos frentes que generalmente han sido desarrollados de forma separada por el marxismo y por la ecología crítica. No obstante, es posible mostrar cómo ambos son procesos que se cruzan y refuerzan, pudiendo ser concebidos como límites estructurales para la acumulación capitalista y, por consiguiente, fuentes para una crítica global anticapitalista.
Quick-Start and XCP on a network processor: Implementation issues and performance evaluation (2008)

The quick-start extension of the transmission control protocol (TCP), as well as the explicit control protocol (XCP), are experimental congestion control schemes that use router feedback to overcome limitations of TCPpsilas standard mechanisms. Both approaches require additional packet processing in every router and therefore raise the question whether, and how, this can be achieved in high-speed routers. This paper studies the realization complexity of the quick-start and XCP router functions on a network processor. We show that in both cases synchronization issues among parallel processing entities have to be considered, and that this affects the router performance. We develop and compare different synchronization mechanisms for highly parallel packet processing. Our prototype implementation on an Intel IXP network processor allows to quantify the impact on throughput and delay caused by the additional packet processing in the fast path. The measurements reveal that quick-start and XCP processing is feasible at multiple Gbit/s line speed, with quick-start being simpler to scale.