gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Uranium polarizability measured by light-force technique (1994)

We report the measurement of the scalar ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}_{0}$ and tensor ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}_{2}$ polarizabilities of uranium using a light-force technique, the first accurate measurement of the polarizabilities of a refractory element. At the fundamental wavelength of a Nd:YAG laser (1.064 \ensuremath{\mu}m) we measure ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}_{0}$=24.9\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.5 A${\mathrm{\r{}}}^{3}$ and ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}_{2}$=0.7\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.7 A${\mathrm{\r{}}}^{3}$. From these values we determine the dc polarizabilities to be ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}_{0}$=20.3\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.4 A${\mathrm{\r{}}}^{3}$ and ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}_{2}$=0.7\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.8 A${\mathrm{\r{}}}^{3}$. Calculations of ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}_{0}$(dc) are within 30% of this measurement.
Nitric oxide-mediated protection of endothelial cells from hydrogen peroxide is mediated by intracellular zinc and glutathione (2009)

Oxidative stress may cause endothelial dysfunction and vascular disease. It has been shown that NO protects endothelial cells (EC) against H(2)O(2)-induced toxicity. In addition, it is known that NO within cells induces a zinc release from proteins containing zinc-sulfur complexes. The aim of this study was to investigate whether zinc released intracellularly by NO plays a signaling role in the NO-mediated protection against H(2)O(2) in rat aortic EC. Our results show that the NO-mediated protection toward H(2)O(2) depends on the activities of glutathione peroxidase and glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL), the rate-limiting enzyme of glutathione (GSH) de novo biosynthesis. Moreover, NO increases the synthesis of the antioxidant GSH by inducing the expression of the catalytic subunit of GCL (GCLC). Chelating intracellular "free" zinc abrogates the NO-mediated increase of GCLC and of cellular GSH levels. As a consequence, the NO-mediated protection against H(2)O(2)-induced toxicity is impaired. We also show that under proinflammatory conditions, both cellular NO synthesis and intracellular "free" zinc are required to maintain the cellular GSH levels. Using RNA interference and laser scanning microscopy, we found that the NO-induced expression of GCLC depends on the activation of the transcription factor Nrf2 but not on the activity of the "zinc-sensing" transcription factor MTF-1. These findings show that intracellular "free" zinc plays a signaling role in the protective activity of NO and could explain why maintenance of an adequate zinc status in the endothelium is important to protect from oxidative stress and the development of vascular disease.
Warpage Mechanism of Thin Embedded LSI Packages (2010)

The warpage mechanism of a thin embedded LSI package with a thick Cu plate was investigated for various Cu plate thicknesses. The package warpage increased gradually as the Cu plate was made thinner. Even structures with a balanced Cu and resin layer configuration for the top and bottom portions of the embedded chip showed substantial warpage, especially in the chip region, that was greater than that for an unbalanced layer configuration. This indicates the existence of other warpage factors as well as unbalanced residual stress between the top and bottom of the chip. A `Birth & Death' finite element method simulation showed that the thermal residual stresses induced by the coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch for the LSI chip and embedding resin were concentrated in the resin surrounding the lateral sides of the chip and that the stresses increased with decreasing Cu thickness. The release of these tensile stresses resulted in package warpage.
The analogy between the Butler matrix and the neural-network direction-finding array (1997)

The Butler matrix and the neural network have been compared to provide insights about the neural-network behavior for a direction-finding array. The goal of the paper has been tutorial, since the two systems are only really comparable in the very limited case considered: an ideal array with equal element spacings, no failures, and using the orthogonal beam locations as training points. Within the constraints of this specialized case, the comparison illustrates the role of pre- and post-processing, the function of the Gaussian radial basis function, and the considerations in determining the weights applied to the Gaussian or modified sine function node outputs. In addition, the comparison points out the basic similarity of the two procedures, and reveals some insights about the operation of a neural network from the perspective of antenna engineering.
Localization and activity of multidrug resistance protein 1 in the secretory pathway of <i>Leishmania</i> parasites (2004)

Upregulation of the multidrug resistance protein 1 (LeMDR1) in the protozoan parasite, Leishmania enriettii, confers resistance to hydrophobic drugs such as vinblastine, but increases the sensitivity of these parasites to the mitochondrial drug, rhodamine 123. In order to investigate the mechanism of action of LeMDR1, the subcellular localization of green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged versions of LeMDR1 and the fate of the traceable-fluorescent LeMDR1 substrate calcein AM were examined in both Leishmania mexicana and L. enriettii LeMDR1 -/- and overexpressing cell lines. The LeMDR1-GFP chimera was localized by fluorescence microscopy to a number of secretory and endocytic compartments, including the Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and a multivesicular tubule (MVT)-lysosome. Pulse-chase labelling experiments with calcein AM suggested that the Golgi and ER pools, but not the MVT-lysosome pool, of LeMDR1 were active in pumping calcein AM out of the cell. Cells labelled with calcein AM under conditions that slow vesicular transport (low temperature and stationary growth) inhibited export and resulted in the accumulation of fluorescent calcein in both the Golgi and the mitochondria. We propose that LeMDR1 substrates are pumped into secretory compartments and exported from the parasite by exocytosis. Accumulation of MDR substrates in the ER can result in alternative transport to the mitochondrion, explaining the reciprocal sensitivity of drug-resistant Leishmania to vinblastine and rhodamine 123.
Combination chemoprevention with grape antioxidants (2016)

Antioxidant ingredients present in grape have been extensively investigated for their cancer chemopreventive effects. However, much of the work has been done on individual ingredients, especially focusing on resveratrol and quercetin. Phytochemically, whole grape represents a combination of numerous phytonutrients. Limited research has been done on the possible synergistic/additive/antagonistic interactions among the grape constituents. Among these phytochemical constituents of grapes, resveratrol, quercetin, kaempferol, catechin, epicatechin, and anthocyanins (cyanidin and malvidin) constitute more than 70% of the grape polyphenols. Therefore, these have been relatively well studied for their chemopreventive effects against a variety of cancers. While a wealth of information is available individually on cancer chemopreventive/anti-proliferative effects of resveratrol and quercetin, limited information is available regarding the other major constituents of grape. Studies have also suggested that multiple grape antioxidants, when used in combination, alone or with other agents/drugs show synergistic or additive anti-proliferative response. Based on strong rationale emanating from published studies, it seems probable that a combination of multiple grape ingredients alone or together with other agents could impart 'additive synergism' against cancer.
The vascular character of ovarian follicular granulosa cells: phenotypic and functional evidence for an endothelial-like cell population (2000)

Ovarian follicular granulosa cells express temporally and spatially distinct functions throughout the follicle cycle. During the entire cycle, granulosa cells exhibit an unusually broad range of activities including the secretion of steroid hormones, enzymes, growth factors and cytokines. To date, the identity(ies) of these cells (lineage/cell type) remains unknown. We demonstrate expression of the Tie, Tek, cKit, Flt-1, CD-31 and vWF proteins and the ability to rapidly internalize acetylated low density lipoprotein among mural and cumulus subpopulations of human and murine follicular granulosa cells. In addition, we provide evidence that human and murine granulosa cells can engage in tube-forming activity in vitro. To the best of our knowledge, the six phenotypic and two functional markers examined during this study, as a group, are associated only with endothelial or endothelial-like cells. In total, the findings suggest that some granulosa cells may have the potential to actively participate in the vascularization of the corpus luteum, by way of an inherent capacity which is likely to be a characteristic of their unique identity and lineage. This inherent capacity of granulosa cells to behave and respond, at least to some extent, like endothelial cells may be of possible importance in the aetiology of certain follicular pathologies.
STUDIES ON LARGE CRUDE OIL ALKANES. II. ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF AROMATIC WAXES AND WAXY ASPHALTENES. (2000)

ABSTRACT Isolation of very large alkane components as described in the first paper within this series, fail in some cases. This work describes two non-routine isolation procedures applied to two different non-typical petroleum fractions. The first one comprises a chromatographic approach applied for the separation of alkanes from alkylaromatic compounds derived from paving asphalt waxes. The second separation procedure was developed for the isolation of alkane fractions associated with asphaltenes that precipitated during long crude oil storage periods, resulting in highly insoluble organic composites In the first case, the isolated fractions were characterized by spectroscopic and chromatographic methods. The evidence showed that long chain naphtheno-aromatic molecules behave like waxy asphalt components, which interact by unusual mechanisms with solid sorbents. Their chromatographic behavior was found to be between typical alkanes and typical aromatics. This behavior is caused by the simultaneous presence of three functionalities The second sample type was characterized by spectroscopic methods only. The results permitted to assess that the waxy composite from crude oil tank sediments precipitated selectively, including highly aromatic and long alkyl chain asphaltenes as well as very large n-alkanes.
Analysis of general geometric scaling perturbations in a transmitting waveguide: fundamental connection between polarization-mode dispersion and group-velocity dispersion (2002)

We develop a novel perturbation theory formulation to evaluate polarization-mode dispersion (PMD) for a general class of scaling perturbations of a waveguide profile based on generalized Hermitian Hamiltonian formulation of Maxwell’s equations. Such perturbations include elipticity and uniform scaling of a fiber cross section, as well as changes in the horizontal or vertical sizes of a planar waveguide. Our theory is valid even for discontinuous high-index contrast variations of the refractive index across a waveguide cross section. We establish that, if at some frequencies a particular mode behaves like pure TE or TM polarized mode (polarization is judged by the relative amounts of the electric and magnetic longitudinal energies in the waveguide cross section), then at such frequencies for fibers under elliptical deformation its PMD as defined by an intermode dispersion parameter τ becomes proportional to group-velocity dispersion D such that τ=λδ|D|, where δ is a measure of the fiber elipticity and λ is a wavelength of operation. As an example, we investigate a relation between PMD and group-velocity dispersion of a multiple-core step-index fiber as a function of the core–clad index contrast. We establish that in this case the positions of the maximum PMD and maximum absolute value of group-velocity dispersion are strongly correlated, with the ratio of PMD to group-velocity dispersion being proportional to the core–clad dielectric contrast.
New matrices and accelerating voltage effects in matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization of synthetic polymers (1995)

Abstract Most matrices used in matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI‐MS) have been selected for their sound performance in the detection of proteins. We evaluated a series of new matrices for the analysis of synthetic polymers and compared their performance to that of conventional ones. Among substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons 1,4‐dihydroxy‐2‐naphthoic acid, 9‐anthracenecarboxylic acid (9‐ACA), and its mixtures with 5‐methoxysalicylic‐acid (‘super’ 9‐ACA) offered better signal quality for analysis of synthetic polymers. To test the performance of these new matrices, authentic standards of poly(ethylene glycol), poly(propylene glycol), Jeffamine, polybutadiene, poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(dimethyl siloxane), and some of their mixtures were analyzed. By generating mainly [M + Na] + ions, 9‐ACA showed superior performance to most conventional matrices and provided higher effective mass resolution. The ‘super’ 9‐ACA composite matrix was found to be more suitable for larger polymer molecules (>8000 Da). Broader acceptance of MALDI‐MS for synthetic polymer analysis has been delayed by systematic differences observed between MALDI‐MS and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) in terms of oligomer size distributions (R. S. Lehrle and D. S. Sarson, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. ), Vol. 9, p. 91 (1995). We found that part of the discrepancy can be explained by the profound dependence of mass distributions on the accelerating voltage of the time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer. With decreasing accelerating voltage both the ion intensity and the mass resolution decreased, and the high‐mass end of the mass spectrum became truncated. For example, when the accelerating voltage was changed from 30 kV to 18 kV the center of the peak area distribution for poly(methyl‐methacrylate) (PMMA) 6000 shifted to lower values by about 210 Da. At the same time, the skewness of the distribution increased tenfold indicating serious discrimination phenomena. These detrimental effects of lower accelerating voltage were particularly strong for relatively large synthetic polymer molecules.
PRT Case Study at the Village West Development in Kansas City, Kansas (2009)

In June of 2008 a Personal Rapid Transit (PRT) application study commenced at a popular development on the western edge of the Kansas City metropolitan area. The purpose of the project is to investigate the potential of PRT to solve transportation and mobility issues in a popular commercial development that encompasses retail and entertainment commonly known as the Village West development. In addition to retail, restaurants, and entertainment, the Village West area borders on a major NASCAR race track, and a former greyhound racing facility available for redevelopment. Village West also contains a minor league ball park, and a regional medical facility is located immediately to the east. Planned additional development includes a casino and water resort. As with most modern development, the dominant uses of land are parking lots and access roads to serve the attractions. This study investigates the ability of a PRT system to improve the inter-accessibility of the existing and planned facilities, to serve as a feeder to any existing and planned transit systems, and to reduce the quantity of land dedicated to roads and parking lots, freeing up land for additional development.
Accelerating Haskell array codes with multicore GPUs (2011)

Current GPUs are massively parallel multicore processors optimised for workloads with a large degree of SIMD parallelism. Good performance requires highly idiomatic programs, whose development is work intensive and requires expert knowledge.
Use of Aspirin, Other Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, and Acetaminophen and Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Incidence (2012)

Our study suggests that use of aspirin, other NSAIDs, and acetaminophen is not importantly associated with risk of postmenopausal breast cancer, either overall or by specific subtype.
RNAi therapy: Involving the Immune System (2012)

RNA interference (RNAi) is a powerful tool for gene silencing. Over the past decade our increased understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying RNAi has provided an avenue towards utilizing it therapeutically. Of the many RNAi precursors, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) have been the most successfully translated into the clinic. One of the major issues with RNA-based medicines is the cells' ability to see and respond via pattern-recognition receptors such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and retinoic acid inducible gene 1 (RIG-1), inducing innate and adaptive immune responses. We propose that in certain diseases the combination of gene silencing and appropriate immune activation by so-called 'bifunctional siRNA' is a rational therapeutic approach and worthy of further investigation. Here we briefly review the progress in developing siRNA-based therapeutics and its interaction with the immune system, including siRNA design, types of immune activation, RNAi use in cancer and viral infections, as well as pre-clinical applications. We believe that development of immunostimulatory siRNAs provides the means for more potent therapies.
Tunable cw laser action of Er3+ in double sensitized fluoroaluminate glass at room temperature (1989)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation E. Heumann, M. Ledig, D. Ehrt, W. Seeber, E. W. Duczynski, H. J. v.d. Heide, G. Huber; Tunable cw laser action of Er3+ in double sensitized fluoroaluminate glass at room temperature. AIP Conf. Proc. 20 October 1989; 191 (1): 45–49. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.38660 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Multimedia communications over cognitive radio networks for smart grid applications (2013)

Wireless networks play a major role in smart grid applications such as automatic meter reading, remote system monitoring, remote home/customer site monitoring, and equipment fault diagnosing. Many smart grid applications face harsh environmental conditions but have high reliability and low latency requirements. Many communication challenges posed by the smart grid applications require careful research and customized communication and networking solutions. For example, huge amount of data related to monitoring and control will be transmitted across smart grid wireless communication infrastructures, with intensive interference and increasing competition over the limited and crowded radio spectrum for the existing wireless networking standards. The opportunistic spectrum access with cognitive radios is a promising wireless technology to improve the frequency/spectrum utilization by detecting unoccupied spectrum holes of primary users and assigning them to secondary users. The versatile features of cognitive radio technology satisfy the requirements of smart grid communications. On the other hand, there are growing needs of multimedia applications via smart grid communication infrastructures that require large bandwidth and network resources. To meet the requirements of this important paradigm in smart grid communications, in this paper, we investigate the technical challenges and the solutions of cognitive radio networking with multimedia applications for smart grid communication infrastructures, and present a guideline for future smart grid multimedia communication infrastructure design.
Investigation of gas transport and other physical properties in relation to the bromination degree of polymers of intrinsic microporosity (2018)

ABSTRACT In this work, the synthesis of novel polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs) with different degrees of bromine substitution by a free‐radical substitution reaction was performed. The synthesized polymers were thoroughly characterized and their bromination degree was verified via nuclear magnetic resonance. The brominated PIMs were investigated by infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and density measurements and correlated with their gas transport properties. It was found that with an increase in the bromination degree, the synthesized PIMs exhibited a significant increase in polymer chain packing density which led to reduced fractional free volume and consequent decrease in gas diffusion and permeability coefficients. The change in permeability coefficients caused an improvement in the CO 2 /N 2 , CO 2 /CH 4 , and O 2 /N 2 ideal permeability selectivities. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018 , 56 , 2752–2761
Propagation of embryonic stem cells in stirred suspension without serum (2008)

Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) with their unlimited capacity for self-renewal and ability to differentiate along multiple cell lineages are a superb starting material for biotechnology applications and cellular therapies. However, realization of the potential of ESCs requires the development of scalable systems for their production in large quantities and in a regulated manner. Here, we describe a methodology for the expansion of mouse ESCs (mESCs) as pluripotent aggregates in a stirred suspension bioreactor and in medium without serum. Initially, the culture of feeder cell-independent mESCs in dishes was adapted to serum-free conditions. Also, we explored whether spinner flasks equipped with a triangle-shaped impeller and baffles support the culture of mESC aggregates. Serum-free culture in these vessels resulted in an almost 20-fold increase in the live mESC concentration over 4 days without significant loss of cell viability. Even after consecutive passages, mESCs retained high expression of pluripotency markers Oct3/4, Rex1 and SSEA-1. More importantly, when differentiation was induced these cells adopted fates of all three germ layers namely neuroectoderm, cardiac mesoderm and definitive endoderm. These findings demonstrate that stem cells can be propagated under serum-free conditions in a scalable stirred-suspension culture without loss of their pluripotency.
Recurrent Solitary Metastasis of Renal Cell Carcinoma in Skeletal Muscles (1990)

Metastatic carcinoma to skeletal muscle is uncommon and may originate from breast, colon, lung, pancreas and other sources. Recurrent solitary metastases of renal cell carcinoma in the biceps femori and gluteus muscles are described in a 69 year-old man. The tendency of metastases to occur merely in muscles could not be explained in our case. The relative immunity of muscle to the metastatic process should be further investigated.