gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Size Effect on Thermal Conduction in Silicon-on-Insulator Devices under Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Conditions (1997)

Previous experimental work has shown degradation in the electrostatic discharge (ESD) failure voltage for silicon-on-insulator (SOI) devices compared to that of devices made from bulk silicon substrates. Understanding of this trend requires simulations of temperature fields in SOI devices using accurate thermal property values. The present work predicts the in-plane lattice thermal conductivity of thin silicon films at temperatures up to 1000 K considering the size effect due to phonon-boundary scattering. For silicon layers thinner than 0.2 µm, a significant reduction in the thermal conductivity is expected even at temperatures as high as 700 K. A compact expression for the thermal conductivity of thin silicon films can be readily used in device simulations. Temperature field predictions for a simplified SOI device show the impact of the size effect and motivate discussion of its implications for ESD buffer design.
Antimalarial Activity of Phenylthiazolyl-Bearing Hydroxamate-Based Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors (2008)

The antimalarial activity and pharmacology of a series of phenylthiazolyl-bearing hydroxamate-based histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) was evaluated. In in vitro growth inhibition assays approximately 50 analogs were evaluated against four drug resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum. The range of 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s) was 0.0005 to >1 microM. Five analogs exhibited IC(50)s of <3 nM, and three of these exhibited selectivity indices of >600. The most potent compound, WR301801 (YC-2-88) was shown to cause hyperacetylation of P. falciparum histones, which is a marker for HDAC inhibition in eukaryotic cells. The compound also inhibited malarial and mammalian HDAC activity in functional assays at low nanomolar concentrations. WR301801 did not exhibit cures in P. berghei-infected mice at oral doses as high as 640 mg/kg/day for 3 days or in P. falciparum-infected Aotus lemurinus lemurinus monkeys at oral doses of 32 mg/kg/day for 3 days, despite high relative bioavailability. The failure of monotherapy in mice may be due to a short half-life, since the compound was rapidly hydrolyzed to an inactive acid metabolite by loss of its hydroxamate group in vitro (half-life of 11 min in mouse microsomes) and in vivo (half-life in mice of 3.5 h after a single oral dose of 50 mg/kg). However, WR301801 exhibited cures in P. berghei-infected mice when combined at doses of 52 mg/kg/day orally with subcurative doses of chloroquine. Next-generation HDACIs with greater metabolic stability than WR301801 may be useful as antimalarials if combined appropriately with conventional antimalarial drugs.
A General Model for BOP Decarburization. (1993)

The decarburization in the BOP (Basic OxygenProcess) has been modeled. The model was formulated based on the industrial data relating the temperature and the carbon content of the bath. Several formulae for calculating the variation of carbon and oxygen contents in the liquid metal as well as carbon monoxide composition in the gas phase were derived as a function of blow time, oxygen blow rate, gas purity and melt weight; these derivations were done for low ( as well as high (>0.3"/) C Ievels, The model was applied to a typical BOP operation and the calculated results show good agreement between predicted values and the actual operating values. It is expected that this model can be used as a reference for analyzing various steelmaking processes.
Quantitative Measurement of Corneal Haze After Myopic PRK (1996)

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To design and evaluate an instrument for the objective measurement of haze in rabbits after myopic PRK. METHODS: A circular fluorescent lamp bulb projected light onto the cornea through a circular collimating aperture covered with an orange filter. The image was collected on a centrally mounted CCD camera and the profile of the haze circle along its horizontal diameter determined. RESULTS: Haze circles were observed and quantitated. In the first weeks, they were donut-shaped, frequently with a central bright area, but later they became square-topped. The instrument reproduced measurements with an error of a few percentage points and showed good long-term stability. [J Refract Surg. 1996;12:412-416.]
Follow‐up of Children of Insulin Dependent (Type I) and Gestational Diabetic Mothers (1984)

Fifty-three children of insulin dependent (IDM) and 20 children of gestational diabetic mothers (IGDM) representing 80 and 91%, respectively, of all surviving infants of diabetic mothers born between 1969 and 1972 at Sabbatsberg's hospital, Stockholm, participated in the follow-up study. The first follow-up examination was performed when the children had reached approximately 5 years of age and included measurement of height and weight, insulin response to intravenous glucose, and HLA typing. When the children were approximately 11 years old, a search was performed in the national register for type I diabetes in children in order to ascertain the frequency of type I diabetes mellitus in the total series (n = 88). The majority of children had a normal height for age and desirable weight for height. At the first follow-up all children had normal glucose disappearance rates (kt) and the insulin response including the early insulin response to glucose were not different between IDM and IGDM groups. The frequency distribution of HLA antigens (A, B, C) was not different from normal and there was no association between HLA B 8 and/or B 15 and early insulin response or kt values. At the second follow-up, two children of type I diabetic mothers had acquired type I diabetes, both were HLA B 15 positive, had normal kt values at the first follow-up, one with low, one with a high early insulin response. The frequency of type I diabetes in offspring of insulin dependent diabetic mothers was 3%.
Proliferative responses to growth factors decline rapidly during postnatal maturation of mammalian hair cell epithelia (2007)

Millions of lives are affected by hearing and balance deficits that arise as a consequence of sensory hair cell loss. Those deficits affect mammals permanently, but hearing and balance recover in nonmammals after epithelial supporting cells divide and produce replacement hair cells. Hair cells are not effectively replaced in mammals, but balance epithelia cultured from the ears of rodents and adult humans can respond to hair cell loss with low levels of supporting cell proliferation. We have sought to stimulate vestibular proliferation; and we report here that treatment with glial growth factor 2 (rhGGF2) yields a 20-fold increase in cell proliferation within sheets of pure utricular hair cell epithelium explanted from adult rats into long-term culture. In epithelia from neonates, substantially greater proliferation responses are evoked by rhGGF2 alone, insulin alone and to a lesser degree by serum even during short-term cultures, but all these responses progressively decline during the first 2 weeks of postnatal maturation. Thus, sheets of utricular epithelium from newborn rats average > 40% labelling when cultured for 72 h with bromo-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and either rhGGF2 or insulin. Those from 5- and 6-day-olds average 8-15%, 12-day-olds average < 1% and after 72 h there is little or no labelling in epithelia from 27- and 35-day-olds. These cells are the mammalian counterparts of the progenitors that produce replacement hair cells in nonmammals, so the postnatal quiescence described here is likely to be responsible for at least part of the mammalian ear's unique vulnerability to permanent sensory deficits.
Oxidative Coupling of Benzenes with α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes by the Pd(OAc)<sub>2</sub>/Molybdovanadophosphoric Acid/O<sub>2</sub> System. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Universal Phase Diagram of θ-Type TMET-TTP Salts (2001)

A new θ-type TMET-TTP (2-[4,5-bis(thiomethyl)-1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene]-5-(4,5- ethylenedithio-1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene)-1,3,4,6-tetrathiapentalene) salt (TMET-TTP) 2 HSO 4 , which has smaller dihedral angle (116°), and has 2:1 composition, is prepared. This salt undergoes a M-I transition at around 100 K. The ESR measurement indicates that the low-temperature insulating state of this complex is paramagnetic. Thanks to this exceptional salt, a universal phase diagram of θ-type TTP salts can be discussed similarly to θ-type ET salts. In the θ-type ET salts, the universal phase diagram holds in the uniform quarter-filled band. However, our works in the θ-type TMET-TTP salts prove that the universal phase diagram is not largely influenced by the band-filling and the position of E F .
A review of knowledge based problem solving as a basis for a genetics experiment designing system (1977)

It is generally accepted that problem solving systems require a wealth of domain specific knowledge for effective performance in complex domains. This report takes the view that all domain specific knowledge should be expressed in a knowledge base. With this in mind, the ideas and techniques from problem solving and knowledge base research are reviewed and outstanding problems are identified. Finally, a task domain is characterized in terms of objects, actions, and control/strategy knowledge and suggestions are made for creating a uniform knowledge base management system to be used for knowledge acquisition, problem solving, and explanation. (Author)
Modeling of a continuous rotary reactor for carbon nanotube synthesis by catalytic chemical vapor deposition (2009)

Abstract The modeling of carbon nanotube production by the CCVD process in a continuous rotary reactor with mobile bed was performed according to a rigorous chemical reaction engineering approach. The geometric, hydrodynamic, physical and physicochemical factors governing the process were analyzed in order to establish the reactor equations. While the study of the hydrodynamic factor suggests a co‐current plug‐flow approximation, the physical factor mainly deals with the phenomena of transport and the transfer of mass, which can be neglected. Concerning the physicochemical factor, the modeling is based on knowledge of the expression of the initial reaction rate, and takes into account catalytic deactivation as a function of time, according to a sigmoid decreasing law. The reactor modeling allows obtaining the evolution of partial pressure, carbon nanotube production and catalytic deactivation along the reactor for given initial operating conditions. The comparison between experimental and calculated production highlights a very good fit of data. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009
Integrative assessment of expression and prognostic value of PDL1, IDO, and kynurenine in 371 primary soft tissue sarcomas with genomic complexity. (2016)

11008 Background: Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), Indole 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) or Kynurenine (K) expression has uncertain or unknown prognostic value in soft tissue sarcoma (STS)and may vary with histological subtypes intrinsic immunogenicity.We aimed to assess expression and prognostic value of these immune markers in patients (pts) with localized primary STS of specific histology with genomic complexity. Methods: We evaluated expression of PDL1, IDO and K, on immune (IC), tumoral (TC) and endothelial cells (EC) by IHC on TMA from archival formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded pathological samples of pts treated for a STS between 1980 and 2007 in 15 french centers. Results: 371 pts were included.PDL1 was ≥ 1% on tumor and/or immune cells in 72 samples (19%) and was mostly expressed by IC. IDO was positive on EC in 86 samples (23%) and ≥ 5% on TC in 152 samples (41%). K was positive in 209 samples (56%). Median follow up was 166 months [151-176]. Overall, 67 patients relapsed (18%). Age, location, histology, depth, grade and K accumulation were significantly associated with OS in univariate and multivariate analysis (Table 1). Age was the sole variable significantly associated with relapse. There was a significant consistency in joint expression of PDL1 and IDO on TC, PDL1 and K, and K and IDO on TC, in 70% (p<0.0001), 53% (p=0.0004) and 53% (p=0.05) of samples, respectively. Conclusions: In primary STS with genomic complexity, PDL1 is neither commonly expressed nor associated with survival, whereas K is. These results raise interest in deeper analysis of the K pathway and its role in STS. Variable Univariate Analyses Multivariate Analyses HR IC 95% HR p HR IC 95% HR p Age ≥ 63 years 2.6 [2-3.4] <0.0001 2.9 [2.2-3.9] <0.0001 Location Girdle 0.6 [0.5 - 0.8] 0.0006 0.6 [0.5-0.8] 0.0007 Size >90 mm 2.2 [1.5-3.3] <0.0001 3 [1.3-7.6] 0.01 Histology (LMS) Complex 0.7 [0.6-0.9] 0.03 0.7 [0.5-0.9] 0.01 DDLPS 2.2 [1.3-3.6] 0.004 1.2 [0.7-2.1] 0.5 Depth Deep or both 2 [1.2-3.2] 0.006 1.9 [1.1-3.1] 0.02 Grade Grade 3 1.7 [1.1-2.6] 0.01 1.7 [1.1-2.6] 0.02 Kynurenine positive 0.7 [0.5-0.9] 0.007 0.7 [0.5-0.9] 0.002 PDL1 ≥ 1% 1.1 [0.8-1.5] 0.62 IDO on EC positive 0.96 [0.7-1.3] 0.81 IDO on TC ≥ 5% 0.8 [0.6-1.1] 0.13
Neurodegenerative dementias : clinical features and pathological mechanisms (2000)

Presents a logical and elegant review of basic science, diagnosis, and treatment of the most heavily researched and most commonly encountered group of devastating neurologic illnesses: the neurodegenerative dementias.
Techniques for improved stop and nasal consonant discrimination (1995)

The automatic recognition of stop and nasal consonants is known to be a difficult recognition task. This paper presents various techniques that can be used to improve the discrimination of stop and nasal consonants. An improved spectral representation for stop consonants is proposed, which unlike other feature representations, emphasizes the mid-to-high regions of the spectrum. A subspace projection approach, which is used as a preprocessing step in a hidden Markov model based system, is also proposed for improved nasal discrimination. This approach finds a transformation matrix which maps the original nasal observation onto a subspace such that the ‘‘distance’’ between the nasals is maximized on the subspace. Two statistical distance measures are investigated for finding the transformation matrix, namely the divergence and the Bhattacharyya measures. Results on stop and nasal consonant recognition will be presented using the subspace approach and the improved spectral stop representation.
The Relationship Between Film Formation and Anticorrosive Properties of Latex Polymers (1996)

Attainment of coherent and defect free film formation in latex polymers is essential for achieving good protective properties. Two case studies are reported to highlight this effect in terms of achieving good anticorrosive properties. In the first study, the positive influence of the addition of a non ionic surfactant to a chloro polymer latex in terms of enhanced particle coalescence leading to excellent anticorrosive properties is discussed. In the second case, the deleterious influence of particle pre-crosslinking on coalescence in a styrene-acrylic latex and its consequence on anticorrosive properties is highlighted.
Research at the Agrosphere Institute: From the Process Scale to the Catchment Scale (2009)

Global change is increasingly affecting our terrestrial ecosystem, including the filtering and buffering capacity of soils, the supply of clean water, and the production of food, feed, and fiber. This article introduces a portfolio of papers in a special section of Vadose Zone Journal addressing flow, transport and biogeochemical processes of terrestrial ecosystems. The articles document research at the Agrosphere Institute, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany. They are organized along three major themes of research at Agrosphere: functional analysis of soils and sediments, development of sensing methods to explore terrestrial systems, and modeling of flow and transport processes of terrestrial systems.
Bjerrum–Brönsted Prediction of Ionic-Strength Independence of Some Multi-ionic Reaction Rates (1968)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation D. R. Rosseinsky; Bjerrum–Brönsted Prediction of Ionic‐Strength Independence of Some Multi‐ionic Reaction Rates. J. Chem. Phys. 15 May 1968; 48 (10): 4806. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1668080 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioThe Journal of Chemical Physics Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
<title>Electrophotographic performance of phthalocyanine pigment composites containing titanyl phthalocyanine</title> (1996)

Spectral sensitivity is an important consideration in photoconductor formulation, depending on the particular type of electrophotographic device in which the photoconductor is to be used. High sensitivity in both the near-IR and visible spectral regions would be desirable for a photoconductor used with a wide variety of exposure sources. One possible way to achieve this goal is to use a mixture of charge generation pigments with absorptions in the desired spectral regions. The absorption spectra (and the spectral sensitivity) of phthalocyanine pigments vary according to the metal coordinating the phthalocyanine, and with coordination of different axial ligands (0<SUP>2-</SUP>, Cl<SUP>-</SUP>, OH<SUP>-</SUP>, et al.). In this paper, pthalocyanine pigment composites with different sensitometric properties are prepared by coprecipitation of titanyl phthalocyanine with another phthalocyanine pigment from an organic solvent/trifluoroacetic acid solution. The phthalocyanine pigments used in the composites were chosen on the basis of their structures relative to titanyl phthalocyanine (i.e., presence or absence of an axial ligand). The crystal structure of the composites largely follows the structure of the majority component of the composite, and the photosensitivity of the O equals Ti(pc)/ClIn(pc) composites is high even at low O equals Ti(pc) concentration.
In-vivo and In-vitro hemodialysis studies of thiocyanate (1982)

Dialysis clearance of thiocyanate was studied using in-vivo and in-vitro systems. The in-vivo studies were performed in a patient with renal failure receiving sodium nitroprusside infusion for accelerated hypertension. In-vitro studies were carried out under experimental conditions similar to those of the in-vivo experiment. Plasma thiocyanate level consistently fell with single passage through the dialyzer. In-vivo dialysance of thiocyanate averaged 82.8 ml/min as compared to urea dialysance of 129.6 ml/min. The in-vitro studies revealed an average thiocyanate dialysance of 102.3 as compared to a urea dialysance of 138.6 ml/min. Removal of thiocyanate by hemodialysis was further verified by recovery of significant amounts of thiocyanate in the outgoing dialysate. The thiocyanate clearance calculated directly from the amount recovered in the dialysate and mean plasma concentration was 82.2 ml/min, a value closely approximating that obtained using the transdialyzer concentration gradient. We conclude that hemodialysis is effective in removing thiocyanate and can be used as adjunct in the treatment of thiocyanate toxicity particularly in the presence of renal failure in which thiocyanate excretion is impaired.
Lung Cancer Vaccines (2011)

To date, in lung cancer, early attempts to modulate the immune system via vaccine-based therapeutics have been unsuccessful. An improved understanding of tumor immunology has facilitated the production of more sophisticated lung cancer vaccines. It is anticipated that it will likely require multiple epitopes of a diverse set of genes restricted to multiple haplotypes to generate a truly effective vaccine that is able to overcome the various immunologic escape mechanisms that tumors employ. Other issues to overcome include optimal patient selection, which adjuvant agent to use, and how to adequately monitor for an immunologic response. This review discusses the most promising vaccination strategies for non-small cell lung cancer including the allogeneic tumor cell vaccine belagenpumatucel-L, which is a mixture of 4 allogeneic non-small cell lung cancer cell lines genetically modified to secrete an antisense oligonucleotide to transforming growth factor β2 and 3 other target protein-specific vaccines designed to induce responses against melanoma-associated antigen A3, mucin 1, and epidermal growth factor.
Ca2+ release from platelet intracellular stores by thapsigargin and 2,5-di-(t-butyl)-1,4-benzohydroquinone: relationship to Ca2+ pools and relevance in platelet activation (1993)

The effects of the Ca(2+)-ATPase inhibitors thapsigargin (Tg) and 2,5-di-(t-butyl)-1,4-benzohydroquinone (tBuBHQ) were examined by using Ca(2+)-regulatory systems of platelet mixed membranes, saponin-permeabilized and intact platelets. Both agents inhibit Ca(2+)-ATPase activities of platelet mixed membranes, without any effect on the basal Mg(2+)-ATPase activity. Tg is more effective (EC50 = 35 nM) than tBuBHQ (EC50 = 580 nM). The effect of the two inhibitors on 45Ca2+ release from saponin-permeabilized platelets has also been characterized. 45Ca2+ uptake into non-mitochondrial intracellular stores occurs via an ATP-dependent mechanism, and if added at equilibrium the second messenger Ins(1,4,5)P3 releases 50% of the accumulated 45Ca2+. Maximally effective concentrations of Tg (1 microM) and tBuBHQ (50 microM) release 77% and 68% of the accumulated 45Ca2+. Addition of Ins(1,4,5)P3 together with either Tg or tBuBHQ resulted in a non-additive release which was the same as with either Tg or tBuBHQ alone, indicating that the Ins(1,4,5)P3-sensitive Ca2+ pool was a subset of the pool that is sensitive to the Ca(2+)-ATPase inhibitors. Release of 45Ca2+ by either Tg or tBuBHQ was not affected by heparin, which totally blocked Ins(1,4,5)P3-induced Ca2+ release, and Tg was found not to affect [32P]Ins(1,4,5)P3 binding to its receptor on mixed membranes. Thus both Tg and tBuBHQ release Ca2+ from a pool that totally overlaps the Ins(1,4,5)P3-sensitive pool without affecting Ins(1,4,5)P3 function. In intact indomethacin-treated Fura 2-loaded platelets, Tg and tBuBHQ cause Ca2+ elevation, arising from release from intracellular stores and influx from the outside. Both Tg and tBuBHQ elevated Ca2+ to similar levels, which were less and slower than those observed with thrombin. Addition of thrombin to cells already treated with Tg or tBuBHQ produced further elevation of Ca2+, indicating agonist utilization of a Ca(2+)-ATPase inhibitor-insensitive pool. In aggregation experiments Tg and tBuBHQ showed different functional effects. In indomethacin-treated cells Tg induces slow aggregation and secretion responses, whereas tBuBHQ only induces shape change. Both agents show synergistic secretory responses with the protein kinase C activator dioctanoylglycerol (DiC8). Tg also showed greater ability than tBuBHQ to release [3H]arachidonic acid (AA) from [3H]AA-labelled platelets. Additionally, in [32P]Pi-labelled platelets both Tg and tBuBHQ induced phosphorylation of myosin light chain, a 27 kDa protein and the 45 kDa protein pleckstrin, but Tg showed a greater ability than tBuBHQ to cause phosphorylation of pleckstrin. These studies indicate that Tg and tBuBHQ are effective in releasing the Ins(1,4,5)P3-sensitive Ca2+ pool in platelets.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
SOFIA - Smart Objects for Intelligent Applications (2009)

Progetto Artemis, Prima Call, 2009-11, Coordinatore Nokia, 19 partners, costi preventivati circa 35 ME, costi preventivati Unibo circa 1.1 ME. Obiettivo: piattaforma interoperabile per servizi basati sul paradigma "space based computing". Partecipano sei gruppi di ricerca di Unibo, i cui referenti sono: Paolo Bellavista, Luigi Di Stefano, Alessandra Costanzo, Luciano Bononi, Elisabetta Farella, Tullio Salmon Cinotti. Quest'ultimo svolge il ruolo di coordinatore dell'Unità dell'Università di Bologna.