gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Research on the Effects of Ultraviolet Aging of Polyethylene Trap Distribution (2014)

The photo-stimulating discharge (PSD) and ultraviolet-visible spectrometry were used to characterize the polyethylene (PE) and nano-hybrid PE trap before and after ultraviolet aging. In PE with the increasing of ultraviolet aging time, shallow traps reduce gradually and deep traps increase gradually, but for the nano-hybrid PE, shallow traps increase gradually and deep traps reduce gradually. Experiments show that: in the process of aging PE produces oxidation products such as carbonyl, hydroxyl etc. The incorporation of impurities can inhibit the injection of space charges, so as to achieve the purpose of improving electric field distortion in the body of the PE.
Fine structure of the thermophilic blue-green alga <i>Synechococcus lividus</i> Copeland. A study of frozen–fractured–etched cells (1972)

The thermophilic unicellular blue-green alga, Synechococcus lividus, was studied by electron microscopy in thin sections and by the freeze-etching technique. Thin sections revealed subcellular structures like those observed by other authors in mesophilic blue-green algae. In the freeze-etched fractures similar results were obtained but, in addition, surface views of plasma and thylakoidal membranes were examined in detail. The many inclusions present in the freeze-etched preparations confirmed those displayed in thin sections and are interpreted as polyhedral, polyphosphate, and lipid bodies. Some unidentified osmiophilic granules and also phycobilisomes were seen.
Determination of dextranase activity using enzyme sensor. (1987)

デキストラナーゼは,虫歯予防用成分として歯みがき剤に添加されている。この酵素の活性は,従来は生成する還元糖を定量する方法で測定されていたが,前処理などの煩雑な操作が必要であった。そこで著者らは,グルコシダーゼとグルコースオキシダーゼおよび酸素電極を組み合わせることにより酵素センサーを製作し,短時間に精度よくデキストラナーゼの活性を測定する方法について検討した。まず,本酵素センサーの至適pH,至適温度について測定したところ,pH5.9,35℃ が最適であった。1%デキストラン溶液に酵素センサーを挿入し,各種濃度のデキストラナーゼ溶液を添加したところ,電流値の減少がみられた。そこでこの電流変化速度を指標とし,デキストラナーゼ活性と電流値の関係をプロットすると20～300U/mlの範囲で直線関係が認められた。さらにデキストラナーゼ標準溶液(130U/ml)を用いて9回くり返して活牲を測定した結果, 変動係数は1.88%と再現性も良好であった。また本酵素センサーは製作してから約1カ月間にわたり安定な応答値を示した。さらにデキストラナーゼ配合製剤に本センサーを適用したところ,従来法で測定した結果との相関係数は0,99以上で,よく一致し,測定時間は1/3以下に短縮することができた。
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Catalytic Transformation of Olefins into α‐Hydroxy Ketones with Hydrogen Peroxide Catalyzed by Peroxotungstophosphate. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Uniform bend loss of the TE <sub>0q</sub> mode in circular waveguides with small surface impedance and large surface admittance (1985)

The bending losses of the TE0q mode in circular hollow waveguides are obtained with small surface impedance and large admittance based on the exact vector analyses for Maxwell's equations. Considerable difference is found for a special case between the present result and that obtained previously by using the coupled-mode theory.
The meso-reactivity of porphyrins and related compounds. Part VI. Oxidative cleavage of the haem system. The four isomeric biliverdins of the IX series (1973)

The oxidative cleavage of haemin in aqueous pyridine under various conditions (ascorbic acid–oxygen; hydrazine–oxygen; and ascorbic acid–hydrogen peroxide) gives four isomeric biliverdins of the IX series which have been isolated (from a much improved ascorbic acid–oxygen reaction) as their crystalline dimethyl esters. The properties of the four isomers are described. On the basis of mass and n.m.r. spectra, structures are assigned to all four isomers for the first time. A key observation in the n.m.r. spectra of these compounds is the chemical shift of the heteroaryl methyl group. The implications of these results are discussed.
Immunohistochemical Methods as an Aid in Estimating the Time Since Death (2015)

F. Wehner and colleagues studied whether a positive immunoreaction to various antigens such as insulin, thyroglobulin or calcitonin is correlated with the time since death. The philosophy behind these investigations is that with an increasing postmortem interval, the tertiary structure of the antigen undergoes postmortem changes, and as a result of protein denaturation, stainings become negative. The pancreatic β-cells from up to 12-day-old corpses produce a positive immunoreaction towards insulin in all cases, whereas no corpse older than 30 days shows such a reaction. This means that in a case of negative immunoreaction, the time since death can be assumed to be more than 12 days before the autopsy. Calcitonin was always detectable in c-cells of the thyroid up to 4 days, and in bodies older than 13 days there was always negative staining. The immunohistochemical detection of antigens allows only a very rough estimation of the time since death, which may be helpful in single cases.
The influence of farmyard manure on the development of cotton fibre, especially in the light volcanic ash soil scope in Kanto district. (Preliminary report) (1951)

It has been said that except in sandy soils, as h rule, an application of farmyard manure is rather dangerous to cotton in our country on account of temperature. This experiment was performed to know the influence of farmyard manure mixed with chemical fertilizers on the development of cotton fibres through the growth of cotton plants in the light volcanic ash clay' soil. According to the result of this experiment the application of farmyard manure is very available to the growth and yield of cotton, but the length, strength and uniformity of cotton fibres are not changed specially by it except decrease of elasticity. However, it should be thought that the distributions of rainfall in 1948 was, more or less, different from those of normal years.
Introducing the Electronic Journal of Oncology (2004)

Auteur(s) : Philippe Jeanteur, Charles Dumontet Redacteur en Chef Bulletin du Cancer Associate Editor Bulletin du Cancer/Electronic Journal of Oncology L’Electronic Journal of Oncology (EJO) s’inscrit dans le courant des revues electroniques offrant des articles « integraux » (full text) gratuitement accessibles et dont la qualite est garantie par un comite de lecture. Initie par une equipe d’oncologues lyonnais, le projet de revue electronique a debute dans le contexte [...]
Organic semiconductors for fast-neutron detection (2011)

The efficient detection of fast neutrons is essential for nuclear non-proliferation monitoring. Although semiconductor devices such as silicon sensors have been used for thermal neutron detection using Gd, B or Li based converter layers, direct fast-neutron detection with hydrogen-containing semiconductor devices has not yet been accomplished. In this paper the fabrication and characterization of perylene (C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">20</sub> H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">12</sub> ) semiconductor devices for fast neutron detection purposes are reported. Fast neutrons from an <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">241</sup> Am/Be source were detected with fabricated perylene semiconductor devices. Perylene crystals were grown from benzene and 1,4-dioxane by the slow evaporation method. Perylene crystallizes in the monoclinic system and exhibits a layered structure.
Routine antepartum human immunodeficiency virus infection screening in an inner‐city population (1990)

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection occurs disproportionately among inner-city minority women of reproductive age. Once pregnant, these women have a high risk of delivering infants with perinatally acquired infection. Identification and counseling of HIV-infected parturients may be an effective means of preventing perinatal HIV infection. Few data are available on the seroprevalence of HIV infection in the inner-city population or on the clinical and demographic determinants of risk. To better characterize HIV infection in inner-city parturients in Atlanta, we conducted routine antepartum screening for HIV antibody in 3472 women. Ten (2.8 per 1000) were seropositive on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot testing. Four women were seropositive on repeat ELISA but negative on Western blot. Four infected women had had heterosexual contact with a person at risk for HIV, three were intravenous drug users, one had possibly become infected via blood transfusion, and two had no apparent risk factors. Seven of the seropositive women had no self-identified risk factors and would not have been identified if screening had been performed using current Centers for Disease Control criteria. Ten percent of the women screened had self-identified risk factors for HIV infection and were seronegative. Ninety-six percent of women consented to HIV testing. These data suggest that inner-city parturients in Atlanta are at risk for HIV infection and that routine antepartum HIV screening can be performed provided the appropriate multidisciplinary team is in place for counseling and follow-up.
Hardware acceleration of pseudo-random number generation for simulation applications (2003)

In modeling and simulation tools, random numbers from a variety of probability distribution functions are generated to simulate the behavior of random events. Inefficient generation of these numbers can be a significant bottleneck for simulation applications. Generating these random numbers imprecisely can skew results. An efficient and scalable fixed-point method for generating random numbers for any probability distribution function in a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is developed. A Pi estimator, a Monte Carlo integrator, and a stochastic simulator for chemical species are developed in software. Estimates are made regarding their potential to be accelerated using the designed FPGA. Results are presented which examine trade-offs between the number of gates used by the FPGA and the accuracy of the random numbers generated. The work shows that generating random numbers using the designed hardware can significantly increase the performance of simulation applications that require many random numbers.
Summary Abstract: Ti as a diffusion barrier between Cu and polyimide (1988)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation F. S. Ohuchi, S. C. Freilich; Summary Abstract: Ti as a diffusion barrier between Cu and polyimide. Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A 1 May 1988; 6 (3): 1004–1006. https://doi.org/10.1116/1.575383 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAVS: Science & Technology of Materials Interfaces and ProcessingJournal of Vacuum Science & Technology A Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Possibility of dc drift reduction of Ti:LiNbO3 modulators via dry O2 annealing process (1994)

The possibility of the dc drift reduction of Ti:LiNbO3 optical modulators via the dry O2 annealing process of the wafer is investigated. In such modulators, the hydrogen impurities are reduced compared against those in the wet O2 annealed ones which exhibit large dc drifts. The dc drifts are observed to be less than 3 V for the dc bias application of 5 V at 80 °C through 60 h, but the dc drift in the second measurement of the same modulator is found to 5 V. After the bias application, the migration of H+ ions are observed in the Ti:LiNbO3.
Predictors of the Risk of Development of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome within 24 Months among Gay Men Seropositive for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1: A Report from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (1992)

The natural history of infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is characterized by a relentless decline in CD4-positive lymphocytes and the ultimate development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). However, variables other than the CD4-positive lymphocyte level contribute to the measurement of risk for AIDS and can be used as predictors of AIDS onset. This study was undertaken to identify factors that, independently of the CD4-positive lymphocyte level, would predict the risk of AIDS over 24 months in a cohort of HIV-1 seropositive homosexual men receiving no antiretroviral therapy. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data from 1,325 white, HIV-1 seropositive participants in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study who have been studied for 4 years were analyzed with univariate and multivariate methods. To control for stage of infection, the baseline percentage of CD4-positive lymphocytes (a known marker of disease progression), and the decline of CD4-positive cells during the first 6 months of observation were used as continuous variables. The variables that were independently associated with an increased risk of developing AIDS were: low baseline CD4 percentage, decline in the CD4 percentage during the first 6 months of follow-up, the presence of serum immunoglobulin A at baseline, decrease in hemoglobin during the first 6 months of follow-up, incident fatigue, and the interaction of decline in the CD4 percentage and incident thrush. While low CD4 percentage and other variables have been previously described as prognostic markers, decline in the CD4 percentage and the interaction of that decline and incident thrush have not previously been described as being of prognostic importance. These variables and the analytic method for estimating prognosis may prove useful for selecting and evaluating antiretroviral therapy, instituting prophylactic measures against certain opportunistic infections, and recruitment into clinical trials. Because study participants received no antiretroviral prophylaxis during the period under analysis, the method could be used to estimate the prognosis for those receiving investigational treatment were they to remain untreated, effectively making any participant in a clinical trial his own untreated control.
Fast Prolog with an extended general purpose architecture (2002)

Most Prolog machines have been based on specialized architectures. The authors' goal is to start with a general-purpose architecture and determine a minimal set of extensions for high-performance Prolog execution. They have developed both the architecture and optimizing compiler simultaneously, drawing on results of previous implementations. They find that most Prolog-specific operations can be done satisfactorily in software; however, there is a crucial set of features that the architecture must support to achieve the best Prolog performance. The emphasis in this study is on the authors' architecture and instruction set. The costs and benefits of the special architectural features and instructions are analyzed. Simulated performance results are presented and indicate a peak compiled Prolog performance of 3.68 million logical inferences per second.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Comparison of Direct and Indirect Enzyme Immunoassays for the Detection of the Mycotoxin Citrinin (1996)

Polyclonal antisera against the mycotoxin citrinin, produced in rabbits after immunization with a citrinin-keyhole limpet hemocyanin conjugate, were used to establish competitive direct and indirect enzyme immunoassays (EIA). A citrinin-horseradish peroxidase conjugate was used as the labelled antigen in a direct EIA, a citrinin-glucose oxidase conjugate was employed as the solid phase antigen in indirect EIA. The antibodies used in this study were highly specific for citrinin, having no measurable cross-reactivity with austdiol, alternariol, deoxynivalenol, or ochratoxin A. After optimization of test parameters, the detection limits for citrinin in buffer solutions by direct and indirect EIA were 5 - 10 ng/mL and 1 - 2 ng/mL, respectively.
Theo1 confidence intervals (2005)

Theoretical variance #1 (Theo1) has been developed at NIST to improve the estimation of long-term frequency stability. Its square-root (Theo1-dev) has two significant improvements over the Allan deviation /spl sigma//sub y/(/spl tau/) (Adev) in estimating long-term frequency stability, in that: (1) it can evaluate frequency stability at averaging times 50% longer than those of Adev; and (2) it can estimate frequency stability with greater confidence than any other estimator. We discuss a method for determining the exact confidence intervals of Theo1, particularly useful for small sample sizes, using analytic techniques. The confidence intervals of Theo1 are narrower and less skewed (more symmetric) than confidence intervals based on chi-square.
Preliminary estimate of the diffusion constant of polystyrene during film formation from the latex (1986)

What is the role of the medical consultant and expert witness during the litigation process associated with cerebral palsy (CP)? To address this question, a review was undertaken of the world literature published on CP between 1861 and 2004. The appropriate Medical Subject Heading terms were selected and used in a search of the MEDLINE, ACOGNET and Cochrane Library databases. Also, a manual search was performed. A total of 3,168 articles on CP were reviewed. Of them, 143 met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Analysis of the pertinent articles revealed that this is the first article to address the role of the medical consultant. The literature on CP is predominantly observational studies. At best, they can be qualified as grade C in the ranking of evidence-based medicine. A clinical study on CP cannot be well designed methodologically because of ethical and technical problems. There is no literature available to determine the role of the consultant in CP cases. The appraisal of suboptimal obstetric care should not be omitted or dismissed when present. Preconceived conclusions about causation based simply on the poor outcome of a child should be avoided. A well-documented hypoxic-ischemic brain insult during the antenatal period does not automatically exclude intrapartum suboptimal obstetric care. Lack of uniformity in policies among U.S. hospitals on umbilical cord and newborn blood gas analysis (<1 hour of neonatal life), fetal membrane microbiologic cultures and placental histology creates difficult tasksfor medicolegal reviewers. Lack of vital diagnostic elements will limit the objectivity of a consultant and expert witness. The human emotional aspect plays a significant role in reaching a jury verdict for plaintiffs, regardless of the weakness of a case.
Effective floating-point calculation engines intended for the FPGA-based HIL simulation (2012)

Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation is an industrial practice that consists in testing a physical electronic control unit (ECU) against a real-time simulated model of a plant. Typical PWM applications run in the kHz range and can hardly be simulated using standard methods with the typical CPU time-steps that are at best in the 5-10 microseconds range. Migrating the computational load from a CPU to a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) allows overcoming the limitation and achieving time-steps in the sub-microsecond range. Our work investigates the feasibility of hardware calculation engines intended for the FPGA-based HIL simulation using commercial floating-point cores, and using parallel multi-cycle multiply-accumulators (MACs). The effectiveness of the proposed multi-cycle accumulation scheme is here confirmed by considering a real-world application case study, that is a model of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) driven by a three-phase two-level Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) inverter. Time-steps of 80 ns for the PMSM and 240 ns for the two-level inverter are reported. Simulation results are validated using the SimPowerSystems Matlab library with a 20 kHz PWM.
Abstract 5293: Prognostic significance of miR-194 in endometrial cancer. (2013)

Abstract Endometrial cancer (EC) is the leading malignant tumor occurring in the female genital tract and some subtypes are highly invasive and metastatic. miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that have a broad impact on cancer progression. In particular, miR-194 regulates epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) by suppressing the expression of BMI-1 in EC. In this retrospective study, the clinical significance of miR-194 was investigated in archival EC specimens. We extracted total RNA from thirty-two EC samples and quantified the expression level of miR-194. We discovered that the expression level of miR-194 was significantly (P = 0.03) lower in type I EC patients with more advanced stage. In addition, patients with higher miR-194 levels have better prognosis than those with lower miR-194 levels (P = 0.0067; Cut-off value of miR-194 = 0.3). These results indicate that miR-194 has potential to serve as prognostic biomarker for EC patients. Citation Format: Haiyan Zhai, Mihriban Karaayvaz, Peixin Dong, Noriaki Sakuragi, Jingfang Ju. Prognostic significance of miR-194 in endometrial cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5293. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5293
Role of Posttranscriptional Regulation in Orcadian Clocks: Lessons form <i>Drosophila</i> (1999)

Incredible progress has been made in the last few years in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying circadian clocks. Many of the recent insights have been gained by the isolation and characterization of novel clock mutants and their associated gene products. As might be expected based on theoretical considerations and earlier studies that indicated the importance of temporally regulated macromolecular synthesis for the manifestation of overt rhythms, daily oscillations in the levels of "clock" RNAs and proteins are a pervasive feature of these timekeeping devices. How are these molecular rhythms generated and synchronized? Recent evidence accumulated from a wide variety of model organisms, ranging from bacteria to mammals, points toward an emerging trend; at the "heart" of circadian oscillators lies a cell autonomous transcriptional feedback loop that is composed of alternatively functioning positive and negative elements. Nonetheless, it is also clear that to bring this transcriptional feedback loop to "life" requires important contributions from posttranscriptional regulatory schemes. For one thing, there must be times in the day when the activities of negative-feedback regulators are separated from the activities of the positive regulators they act on, or else the oscillatory potential of the system will be dissipated, resulting in a collection of molecules at steady state. This review mainly summarizes the role of posttranscriptional regulation in the Drosophila melanogaster time-keeping mechanism. Accumulating evidence from Drosophila and other systems suggests that posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms increase the dynamic range of circadian transcriptional feedback loops, overlaying them with appropriately timed biochemical constraints that not only engender these loops with precise daily periods of about 24 h, but also with the ability to integrate and respond rapidly to multiple environmental cues such that their phases are aligned optimally to the prevailing external conditions.