gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cellular responses to the intradermal injection of recombinant human gamma-interferon in lepromatous leprosy patients. (1987)

The local response to a single intradermal injection of 10 micrograms recombinant gamma-interferon (rIFN gamma) has been studied in 17 patients with lepromatous leprosy. Of these, 2 patients additionally received two intradermal injections of 10 micrograms rIFN gamma at another site. The results were compared with those of 3 patients who received three injections of the same dose at a single site in an earlier study. One to 7 days after lymphokine administration 4-mm punch biopsies were obtained and examined for cellular alterations in the dermis and epidermis. This allowed a kinetic analysis of mononuclear cell infiltration, keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation, and Langerhans cell redistribution. At 24 hours, the migration of large numbers of helper T cells and monocytes was already prominent and associated with induration. Mononuclear cell accumulation peaked at 72 hours but then persisted for 5-7 days. Only small numbers (one-third or less of total T cells) of suppressor/cytotoxic T cells were present at any time, and granulocytes were absent. Two daily injections of rIFN gamma led to a more intense accumulation of cells. Ten micrograms of rIFN gamma resulted in enhanced keratinocyte proliferation, Ia expression, and thickening of the epidermis. At 24-48 hours major histocompatibility Class II (Ia) antigen was first noted on the dividing cells of the basal layer. By 72-96 hours the entire epidermis exhibited strong expression of Ia antigen on cell surfaces. Repeated doses of lymphokine accentuated these changes and resulted in a more prompt keratinization and sloughing of this layer. Whereas a single dose of rIFN gamma resulted in the upward movement of T6+ Langerhans cells (LCs) in the epidermis, two injections led to a 50% reduction in their numbers and three doses were associated with an almost total loss of detectable T6+ LCs from the epidermis. These are probably sloughed along with keratinocytes. In contrast to the situation with a delayed immune response in the skin (purified protein derivative), no LCs accumulated in the dermis in association with helper T cells.
UV absorption spectrum, and kinetics and mechanism of the self reaction of CF<sub>3</sub>CF<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> radicals in the gas phase at 295 K (1993)

Abstract The ultraviolet absorption spectrum, kinetics, and mechanism of the self reaction of CF 3 CF 2 O 2 radicals have been studied in the gas phase at 295 K. Two techniques were used; pulse radiolysis UV absorption to measure the spectrum and kinetics, and long‐path length FTIR spectroscopy to identify and quantify the reaction products. Absorption cross sections were quantified over the wavelength range 220–270 nm. At 230 nm, σ = (2.74 ± 0.46) ×10 −18 cm 2 molecule −1 . This absorption cross section was used to derive the observed self reaction rate constant for reaction (1), defined as, − d [CF 3 CF 2 O 2 ]/ dt = 2 k 1obs [CF 3 CF 2 O 2 ] 2 : equation image k 1obs = (2.10 ± 0.38) ×10 −12 cm 3 molecule −1 s −1 (2σ). The observed products following the self reaction of CF 3 CF 2 O 2 radicals were COF 2 , CF 3 O 3 CF 3 , CF 3 O 3 C 2 F 5 , and CF 3 OH. CF 3 O 2 CF 3 was tentatively identified as a product. The carbon balance was 90–100%. The self reaction of CF 3 CF 2 O 2 radicals was found to proceed via one channel to produce CF 3 CF 2 O radicals which then decompose to give CF 3 radicals and COF 2 . In the presence of O 2 , CF 3 radicals are converted into CF 3 O radicals. CF 3 O radicals have several fates; self reaction to give CF 3 O 2 CF 3 ; reaction with CF 3 O 2 radicals to give CF 3 O 3 CF 3 ; reaction with C 2 F 5 O 2 radicals to give CF 3 O 3 C 2 F 5 ; or reaction with CF 3 CF 2 H to give CF 3 OH. As part of this work a rate constant of (2.5 ± 0.6) ×10 −16 cm 3 molecule − s −1 was measured for the reaction of Cl atoms with CF 3 CHF 2 using a relative rate technique. Results are discussed with respect to the atmospheric chemistry of CF 3 CF 2 H (HFC‐125). © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A Study on Laser Engineered Net Shaping Prototyping Technology (2007)

The objectives of this work are to study Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS™) produced materials and identify the microstructures. Numerical method was used to examine the influence of materials’ type and LENS™ process parameters on the forming of the specific microstructures from thermodynamics and fluid dynamics point of view. Samples of 316L stainless steel were examined, microstructures of samples were used to estimate the corresponding cooling rate, and the cooling rate was compared with the results of three different level of simplified models.
Somatic mutation in mitochondrial DNA and nuclear microsatellite instability in gastric cancer (2003)

It was reported that somatic mutations in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are associated with high-frequency microsatellite instability (MSI-H) of the nuclear in gastric cancers. However, no correlation between mtDNA mutations and nuclear MSI-H was found in colorectal, breast, and renal cancers. Therefore, the association between mtDNA mutations and nuclear MSI-H in gastric cancers is controversial. We examined mtDNA mutations and nuclear MSI in a large panel of gastric cancers. One-hundred and five gastric cancers were selected. Mutations in the mononucleotide repeat (D310) of mtDNA and nuclear MSI at 5 microsatellite loci were examined by microsatellite assay. Somatic mutations in the mtDNA and nuclear MSI-H were detected in 16 (15%) and 14 (13%) of the gastric cancers, respectively. mtDNA mutations were detected in 2 of the 14 (14%) and 14 of the 91 (15%) tumors with and without nuclear MSI-H, respectively. There was no significant difference between them. These results suggest that somatic mutations in the mtDNA and nuclear MSI-H play important roles in gastric carcinogenesis, and that mtDNA mutations may not be associated with nuclear MSI-H in gastric cancers.
Investigation of extracts of plant cell cultures by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1991)

Abstract A method for the rapid phytochemical characterization of plant cell cultures, using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H NMR), is described. Aqueous extracts were prepared from a large number of plant cell suspension cultures. Following lyophilization, the extracts were redissolved in D 2 O containing an internal standard to enable quantification and 1 H NMR spectra were measured. In the spectra, signals from sugars and amino acids were observed. The patterns obtained were characteristic of cell lines, with related lines typically showing similar characteristics, e.g., Tabernaemontana suspension cultures are characterized by their ability to accumulate large amounts of arginine, while Catharanthus cultures mainly accumulate glutamine. The amounts of amino acids accumulated were found to be determined mainly by the medium on which the cell cultures were growing. Murashige and Skoog medium supported nitrogen storage in amino acids, while Gamborg B5 medium did not. Reference spectra of some of the most common constituents are presented, together with data enabling a direct quantification of these compounds in aqueous extracts.
The Glycoprotein Ib/IX Complex Regulates Cell Proliferation (1999)

Abstract The glycoprotein (Gp) Ib/IX complex contains three transmembranous leucine-rich repeat polypeptides (GpIb, GpIbβ, and GpIX) that form the platelet von Willebrand factor (vWF) receptor. GpIb/IX functions to effect platelet adhesion, activation, and aggregation under conditions of high shear stress. GpIb/IX is expressed late in the ontogeny of megakaryocytes, the precursor cell that releases platelets when it reaches its terminal stage of differentiation. Because signal pathways can be reused at different stages of development by integration with different effector pathways and because cellular adhesion through other receptor families often modulates cell growth, the hypothesis that GpIb/IX regulates cell growth was investigated. The surface expression of recombinant GpIb decreases the proliferation of transduced CHO cells. GpIb causes growth arrest in the G1 phase of the cell cycle associated with the induction of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21. G1 arrest induced by recombinant GpIb in heterologous cells requires signaling through the 14-3-3ζ binding domain of GpIb and is partially dependent on its engagement by the extracellular ligand vWF. Growth arrest induced by the expression of recombinant GpIb/IX is followed by apoptosis of the transduced cells. The endogenous expression of GpIb in human hematopoietic cells is associated with decreased proliferation. These results suggest that the expression of the GpIb/IX complex regulates megakaryocyte growth.
An Economical Synthesis of 4‐Trimethylsilyl‐2‐Butyn‐1‐ <scp>OL</scp> (2011)

Abstract 2‐Butyn‐1‐ol n ‐Butyllithium tert ‐Butyllithium Chlorotrimethylsilane
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 3‐AMINOCYCLOHEPTATRIENYLIDENAMINES (1976)

Abstract 3‐Methoxytropon (I) wird mit überschüssigem Fluorsulfonsäuremethylester in Benzol zum Dimethoxytropyliumsalz (III) methyliert, das mit Aminen in Methanol :in Gegenwart von Kaliummethylat zu den Aminoderivaten (V) reagiert.
Création et immobilisation de fonctions chloramine et/ou bromamine sur une anode de dioxyde d'étain en eau de mer (2006)

Les agents oxydants sont utilisés couramment pour prévenir la formation de biosalissures. Ils peuvent être injectés au voisinage de la surface à protéger ou mieux, immobilisés sur cette surface. Dans ce travail, nous montrons le caractère antibactérien acquis par le dépôt organique formé par modification chimique d'une protéine, l'albumine du sérum bovin (BSA), par de l'acide hypochloreux et/ou hypobromeux, électrogénérés à la surface d'une anode de dioxyde d'étain. Les milieux électrolytiques considérés sont des solutions de chlorure de sodium et d'eau de mer naturelle. Les études électrogravimétriques, les observations par microscopie électronique à balayage, complétées par des analyses de surface, montrent la présence d'un film organique épais contenant les éléments chlore et/ou brome, suivant le milieu. Dans ce film, la BSA conserve sa structure primaire, mais subit des modifications chimiques. La stabilité du film organique est améliorée par la présence de cations bivalents comme Ca2+ et Mg2+. Il a été montré antérieurement que les éléments Cl et Br étaient incorporés sous forme de fonctions chloramine et/ou bromamine. L'efficacité antibactérienne a été établie en observant la non colonisation de la surface de SnO2 traitée, par une souche de bactéries Escherichia coli, par microscopie à fluorescence.
Combined In Situ XAFS and FTIR Study of the Hydrodeoxygenation Reaction of 2-Methyltetrahydrofuran on Ni₂P/SiO₂ (2018)

This paper deals with a study of the mechanism of hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) at 0.1 MPa and 300–350 °C of 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (2-MTHF) over a Ni₂P/SiO₂ catalyst. The study was conducted using in situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to monitor the adsorbed species during reaction and in situ X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) to probe the oxidation state of the Ni component. The work is relevant to the upgrading of bio-oil derived from the pyrolysis of biomass. It was deduced that the initial interaction of the 2-MTHF was with OH groups on the catalyst surface, followed by adsorption on Ni sites. Ring-opening of the tetrahydrofuran led to the formation of the main products of the reaction, n-pentane by HDO and n-butane + CO by decarbonylation. The CO band appeared with a slight delay in the FTIR spectrum because the reaction to form n-pentane was favored and turned over about four times before one n-butane + CO was formed.
Promoting the formation and stabilization of human telomeric G-quadruplex DNA, inhibition of telomerase and cytotoxicity by phenanthroline derivatives (2011)

Four new di-substituted phenanthroline-based compounds a-d have been designed and prepared, and they have been shown to induce the formation of anti-parallel structure of human telomeric G-quadruplex DNA by CD spectra. FRET assay indicates that the melting temperature increases (ΔT(m) values) of G-quadruplex in buffer (pH 7.4) containing 100 mM NaCl are 31.6, 34.6, 17.8 and 32.6 °C for the compounds (1.0 μM) a, b, c and d, respectively. Competitive FRET assay shows that the four compounds exhibit a high G-quadruplex DNA selectivity over duplex DNA. Three of the compounds are the potent telomerase inhibitors and HeLa cell proliferation inhibitors.
Synthesis, characterization, and x-ray crystal structures of the divalent titanium complex Ti(.eta.2-BH4)2(dmpe)2 and the unidentate tetrahydroborate complex V(.eta.1-BH4)2(dmpe)2 (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis, characterization, and x-ray crystal structures of the divalent titanium complex Ti(.eta.2-BH4)2(dmpe)2 and the unidentate tetrahydroborate complex V(.eta.1-BH4)2(dmpe)2James A. Jensen and Gregory S. GirolamiCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1989, 28, 11, 2107–2113Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00310a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00310a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views205Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Pellon kasvipeitteisyyden teknologia muuttuvassa ilmastossa – maaperämikrobien ekosysteemipalvelujen hyödyntäminen (2010)

Maatalous kohtaa ilmastonmuutoksen myötä entistä suurempia ympäristöhaasteita. Eroosio– jaravinnekuorma vesistöihin kasvaa, mikäli talvet muuttuvat ennustetulla tavalla lauhemmiksi jasateisemmiksi. Talviaikainen kasvipeitteisyys suojaa maan pintaa vähentäen eroosio– jaravinnehuuhtoumariskiä. Kevätkylvöisten kasvien viljelyssä kasvukauden ulkopuolinenkasvipeitteisyys voidaan toteuttaa sekä vähentämällä syysmuokkausta (mm. kevennetty muokkaus,suorakylvö sänkeen keväällä) että lisäämällä viljelykiertoon monivuotisia kasveja. Muokkaustakevennettäessä edellisen vuoden kasvustojäte voi hidastaa maan lämpenemistä ja kuivumista keväällä,sekä luoda suotuisat olosuhteet maa– jakasvinjätelevintäisille kasvitaudeille. Kasvipeitteisyydenympäristöhyöty vähenee, mikäli torjuntaaineidenkäyttötarve lisääntyy.Peltomaassa on yleensä jossain määrin luontaista kykyä estää taudinaiheuttajien kehittymistä jakasvua. Syynä ovat muut maaperän mikrobit: tietyt maaperämikrobit voivat tuottaa toisten mikrobienkasvua estäviä ns. antagonistisia yhdisteitä ja mikrobiston monimuotoisuuden sinänsä on todettuvahvistavan maan kykyä tukahduttaa sienitauteja. Maaperän mikrobiston koostumuksen ratkaisevanatekijänä on viljelytekniikka, joka vaikuttaa maamikrobien ravintoon ja elinympäristön olosuhteisiin.Tällaisia viljelyteknisiä keinoja ovat mm. maan muokkaus ja viljelykierto.Vuonna 2009 aloitettiin hanke ’Tuotannon kestävyys muuttuvissa ilmastooloissa– teknologisetratkaisut ja maaperäbiologisten ekosysteemipalvelujen hyödyntäminen’, jonka tavoitteena on kehittääinnovatiivistä ja käytännön peltoviljelyyn soveltuvaa maatalouden ympäristöteknologiaa peltojenkasvipeitteisyyden lisäämiseksi samalla hyödyntäen maaperämikrobiston ekosysteemipalvelujatautimikrobien tukahduttamiseksi luontaisin menetelmin ja kasvijätteen toivotunlaiseksi hajotukseksi.Hankkeessa on monitieteinen tutkimusryhmä MTT:n ja Helsingin yliopiston tutkijoita maataloudenympäristöteknologiasta, ympäristöbiotekniikasta, biologiasta ja mikrobiologiasta.Posterissa annetaan yleiskuva hankkeesta (ks. myös posteri Knuutila ym.) sekä esitellääntarkemmin kasvitautien luontaiseen tukahduttamiseen eli tautisuppressiivisuuteen keskittyvääosahanketta.
Comparison of Visual Field Severity Classification Systems for Glaucoma (2011)

The presence of glaucomatous optic neuropathy increases with staging severity for all systems. However, different systems led to different severity staging. Of the systems examined in this study, eGSS may be the better choice for its ease of use for both clinicians and researchers.
Neighbourhood social capital: measurement issues and associations with health outcomes (2016)

We compared ecometric neighbourhood scores of social capital (contextual variation) to mean neighbourhood scores (individual and contextual variation), using several health-related outcomes (i.e. self-rated health, weight status and obesity-related behaviours). Data were analysed from 5,900 participants in the European SPOTLIGHT survey. Factor analysis of the 13-item social capital scale revealed two social capital constructs: social networks and social cohesion. The associations of ecometric and mean neighbourhood-level scores of these constructs with self-rated health, weight status and obesity-related behaviours were analysed using multilevel regression analyses, adjusted for key covariates. Analyses using ecometric and mean neighbourhood scores, but not mean neighbourhood scores adjusted for individual scores, yielded similar regression coefficients. Higher levels of social network and social cohesion were not only associated with better self-rated health, lower odds of obesity and higher fruit consumption, but also with prolonged sitting and less transport-related physical activity. Only associations with transport-related physical activity and sedentary behaviours were associated with mean neighbourhood scores adjusted for individual scores. As analyses using ecometric scores generated the same results as using mean neighbourhood scores, but different results when using mean neighbourhood scores adjusted for individual scores, this suggests that the theoretical advantage of the ecometric approach (i.e. teasing out individual and contextual variation) may not be achieved in practice. The different operationalisations of social network and social cohesion were associated with several health outcomes, but the constructs that appeared to represent the contextual variation best were only associated with two of the outcomes.
Mobility/Roaming Parameters and constraints in a Service Level Agreement (2003)

International audience
Characterisation of Geosynchronous satellites through the Analysis of On-Sky Polarimetric Signatures obtained with a Micropolariser Array Image Sensor (2019)

We measured passive polarisation of reflected sunlight with an amateur class telescope, and analysed the polarisation components in unresolved images obtained using a micropolariser array camera to better characterise satellites in the geosynchronous belt. Our results show the presence of polarimetric signatures when observing different objects, which indicates the potential for identification and classification of objects in terms of different attributes, like, aging of materials, attitude and geometry of the spacecraft.
Experimental investigation of flow transition in microchannels using micron-resolution particle image velocimetry (2002)

Microchannel heat sinks are promising for cooling applications in advanced electronic systems. More research is needed to understand microchannel flow regimes. Recent pressure drop data in microchannels with hydraulic diameters between 50 and 300 /spl mu/m suggest that the transition to turbulence may occur at lower than expected values of the Reynolds number. This work studies turbulent transition in microchannels using micron-resolution particle imaging velocimetry (/spl mu/PIV) with epifluorescent microscopy of 950 nm particles. Silicon channels with dimensions 150 /spl mu/m/spl times/100 /spl mu/m/spl times/1 cm are fabricated using deep reactive ion etching and sealed using a glass plate. Velocity field data for 200 Re>1600, which is lower than values near 2200 measured previously for larger channels with similar shapes. This discrepancy may be caused by wall roughness, viscous heat generation, or electrokinetic effects. The experimental approach developed here provides the groundwork for a detailed study of turbulence transition in microchannels.
Registration-based sound speed estimation in phantoms with acoustically vaporized droplets (2003)

A mismatch between the sound speed assumed for beam forming and scan conversion and the true sound speed in the field of view can lead to significant defocusing and some geometric distortions in ultrasound images. A method is presented for estimating the average sound speed based on detection of these distortions using automatic registration of overlapping, electronically steered images. An acrylamide gel phantom containing vaporized dodecafluoropentane (DDFP) droplets as point targets was constructed to evaluate the technique. Good agreement (errors <1 %) was found between the sound speeds measured in the phantom using a reference pulse-echo technique and the image-based sound speed estimates. A small improvement in accuracy was achieved by including the simulated sound field of the probe rather than assuming straight acoustic beams and refraction according to Snell's law.
Pulsed videoregistration of the pressure on the surface of propellers with luminescent pressure sensors (1999)

Luminescent Pressure Sensor Technology is a new optical pressure measurement method providing new opportunities for non-contact pressure measurements, for example on the blades of rotating propellers. Specific features of LPS-technology for propellers are discussed. A prototype optical pressure measurement system for propellers and operational procedure are described. Results of pressure measurements on two propellers at zero and non-zero angles of attack are presented.
Protonierte Methylbenzol/Tetrachloraluminat‐Komplexe (1969)

Abstract Definierte Komplexe aus Methyl‐substituierten Benzolen und Aluminiumchlorid/Chlorwasserstoff wurden erhalten und auf ihre NMR‐Signale untersucht (Abb. 1, Tab. 1) Nur ein Teil dieser Verbindungen kann als σ‐Komplex charakterisiert werden. Unter den angewandten Bedingungen ist für die σ‐Protonierung Substitution mit wenigstens drei Methyl‐Gruppen in 1.3.5‐Stellung erforderlich. In allen anderen Fällen ist π‐Komplex‐Bildung wahrscheinlich.