gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Experiments on the Weis-Fogh mechanism of lift generation by insects in hovering flight. Part 1. Dynamics of the ‘fling’ (1979)

From a series of experiments using simplified mechanical models we suggest certain minor modifications to the Weis-Fogh (1973)–Lighthill (1973) explanation of the so-called ‘clap and fling’ mechanism for the generation of large lift coefficients by insects in hovering flight. Of particular importance is the production and motion of a leading edge, separation vortex that accounts for virtually all of the circulation generated during the initial phase of the ‘fling’ process. The magnitude of this circulation is substantially larger than that calculated using inviscid theory. During the motion that subsequently separates the wings, the vorticity over each of them is convected and combined to become a tip vortex of uniform circulation spanning the space between them. This combined vortex moves downwards as a part of a ring, of large impulse, that is then continuously fed from quasi-steady separation bubbles that move with the wings as they continue to open at a large angle of attack. Such effects are able to account for the large lift forces generated by the insect.
ANP concentrations during interchanging DDD-VVI pacing modes in patients with retrograde ventriculoatrial conduction. (1997)

The main reason for the pacemaker syndrome during VVI pacing is the existence of ventriculoatrial conduction (V-AC). Twenty-five patients with a permanent DDD pacemaker and ventriculoatrial conduction were included in the study. IN those patients the hemodynamic changes were evaluated in relation to ANP plasma concentration changes during different modes of pacing. After a resting period of 30 minutes in the supine position ANP plasma concentration and blood pressure were evaluated: a) under DDD atrioventricular pacing at 90/min and for 30 minutes and b) under VVI pacing at 90/min and for 30 minutes. A decrease of systolic blood pressure by 12.77% (P < 0.0001) and diastolic blood pressure by 10.50% (P < 0.0001) was noticed during VVI pacing. ANP was increased during VVI pacing by 215.95% (P < 0.0001). It was observed that the acute transition from DDD to VVI pacing leads to a 3-fold increase in the levels of plasma ANP; this may be partially responsible for the pathogenesis of the haemodynamic changes during VVI pacing mediated through the direct hypotensive effect in addition to the coincidence of atrial and ventricular contraction. This study also proves the role of the increased systolic stress of atrial myocardium for the increased ANP secretion.
Plasma Ion Diagnostics Using Resonant Fluorescence (1975)

Laser-induced fluorescence of ionic states is used to measure local ion densities and velocities in argon plasmas.Received 21 April 1975DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.34.1548©1975 American Physical Society
Adaptive Simulation of Gas Turbine Performance (1990)

A method is presented allowing the simulation of gas turbine performance with the possibility of adapting to engine particularities. Measurements along the gas path are used, in order to adapt a given performance model by appropriate modification of the component maps. The proposed method can provide accurate simulation for engines of the same type, differing due to manufacturing or assembly tolerances. It doesn’t require accurate component maps, as they are derived during the adaptation process. It also can be used for health monitoring purposes, introducing thus a novel approach for component condition assessment. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by application to an industrial gas turbine.
Labyrinthine Otosclerosis: Special Auditory Test Results (1965)

IN DETERMINING the etiology of hearing impairments, the otologist is at times confronted by the patient whose sensorineural hearing loss presents special problems in diagnosis. In many cases the history, the otologic examination, and the pure tone audiogram all fail to offer clear-cut indications of a particular pathology. Probably the most common procedure in such instances has been to describe the problem as a "sensorineural hearing loss of unknown etiology." Most if not all clinic files contain a large number of cases so described. It is my belief and that of the group with which I work that at least some of the hearing losses of the type the otologist is tempted to label "sensorineural, etiology unknown" are actually the result of otosclerotic foci deep to the oval and round windows.<sup>4</sup>That the otosclerotic process can and does invade the cochlear space and the internal auditory meatus has been
High resolution microwave radiometric signatures of mid-latitude and tropical rainfall (2002)

Combinations of both microwave and IR sensors, including a 14 GHz radar, are included on the upcoming Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite. This project is spurring advancements in precipitation profiling retrieval algorithms, which exploit the information contained in a set of multispectral equivalent blackbody brightness temperature observations along with ancillary information to account for cloud microphysical variability. Two NASA high-resolution imaging radiometers, the Advanced Microwave Precipitation Radiometer (AMPR; 10, 19, 37, 85 GHz), and the Millimeter Wave Imaging Radiometer (MIR; 89, 150, 183.3, 220 GHz) were flown in early 1993 aboard an ER-2 aircraft during TOGA-COARE over the tropical western south Pacific warm pool. The AMPR and MIR instruments are airborne simulators of the SSM/I and the recent SSM/T2 polar orbiting satellite radiometer systems. During 1991, the AMPRwas also operated during CaPE field experiments in central Florida. Observations from the two different climatic regimes show marked differences in the brightness temperature behavior associated with precipitation. Notably weak 85 GHz scattering T, depressions were characteristic of the tropical TOGA-COARE environment, where heavy rainfall can be generated from dominantly warm rain clouds containing very little ice content. The variable cloud microphysics characteristic of both warm and cold rain precipitation processes must be accounted for in precipitation profiling algorithms if reliable estimates of the latent heat are to be inferred from satellite-based rainfall measurements. >
The pathogenesis of gastroesophageal reflux disease: the relationship between epithelial defense, dysmotility, and acid exposure. (1997)

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a complex, multifactorial disease for which the initiating factors are unknown. Acid in contact with the esophageal epithelium, however, is a central event in the development of the disease--the disease developing when acid overwhelms the intrinsic esophageal epithelial defenses. Acid breakdown of the tissue defenses is what ultimately leads to symptom production, ulceration, and other complications of GERD. Patients with GERD generally, although not always, have more episodes of reflux than healthy subjects; this is due to more frequent transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations in the disease group. GERD patients may also have some impairment in peristaltic frequency on swallowing and/or weakness in the strength of peristaltic contractility. Contributions from other components of the acid clearance and tissue-defensive mechanisms are possible but remain to be adequately established as contributing to GERD. It is likely that one reason for the wide clinical spectrum observed with GERD results from differences in types and degrees of defects within the tripartite esophageal defensive system against damage from the phenomenon of gastroesophageal reflux.
The IRE1α-XBP1s pathway promotes insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in adipocytes by increasing PPARγ activity (2018)

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) improves whole-body insulin sensitivity by regulating the adipogenic and metabolic functions of mature adipocytes. We have previously demonstrated that an active splice variant of X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1s) enhances PPARγ expression during adipogenesis. In this study, we investigated the role of XBP1s, particularly with respect to PPARγ, in the mechanisms underlying insulin sensitivity in mature adipocytes. Insulin was able to stimulate XBP1s generation by activating inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) α and was also able to increase its transcriptional activity by inducing nuclear translocation. XBP1s also upregulated the levels of phosphorylated IRS1 and AKT, demonstrating a positive feedback regulatory mechanism linking insulin and XBP1s. XBP1s enhanced the expression of fibroblast growth factor 21 and, in turn, increased PPARγ activity, translocation of GLUT4 to the cell surface, and glucose uptake rate in adipocytes. In addition, XBP1s abolished palmitate-induced insulin resistance in adipocytes by increasing adiponectin secretion, repressing the secretion of pro-inflammatory adipokines such as leptin, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, and tumor necrosis factor α, and decreasing fatty acid release. These findings provide a novel mechanism by which XBP1s stimulate insulin sensitivity in adipocytes through fibroblast growth factor 21 induction and PPARγ activation.
The design and maintenance of the Andrew help system (1991)

In developing the Andrew Help System, we considered the following design goals:&bull; The Help System must access a very large set of information quickly and easily&bull; The Help System must be flexible and accomodate all levels of usersThe system must be easy to use for beginnersThe system must be robust enough for experts&bull; The Help System must display multiple document formats on different terminal types&bull; The Help System must be hypermedia-based, with links, cross-references, and multiple windows, displaying both text and graphics
Surface analysis of float glass using surface ablation cell (SAC). : Part 2. Determination of the diffusion characteristics of K+-Na+ ion exchange (2010)

The Surface Ablation Cell (SAC), a laboratory equipment for determining surface concentration profiles, has been utilised to characterise float glass surface ion exchange processes. In this paper, ...
THE COMBINATION OF PROBABILITIES ARISING FROM DATA IN DISCRETE DISTRIBUTIONS (1949)

THE COMBINATION OF PROBABILITIES ARISING FROM DATA IN DISCRETE DISTRIBUTIONS Get access H. O. LANCASTER H. O. LANCASTER Rockefeller Fellow in Medicine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Biometrika, Volume 36, Issue 3-4, December 1949, Pages 370–382, https://doi.org/10.1093/biomet/36.3-4.370 Published: 01 December 1949
The Preparation of <i>cis</i>- and <i>trans</i>-4-H<sup>3</sup>-L-Prolines and Their Use in Studying the Mechanism of Enzymatic Hydroxylation in Chick Embryos (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Preparation of cis- and trans-4-H3-L-Prolines and Their Use in Studying the Mechanism of Enzymatic Hydroxylation in Chick EmbryosY. Fujita, A. Gottlieb, B. Peterkofsky, S. Udenfriend, and B. WitkopCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1964, 86, 21, 4709–4716Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01075a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01075a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views199Altmetric-Citations60LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Strain energy and stability of Si-Ge compounds, alloys, and superlattices (1991)

First-principles total-energy pseudopotential calculations are carried out for Si, Ge, zinc-blende-structure SiGe, (${\mathrm{Si}}_{2}$${)}_{\mathit{p}}$/(${\mathrm{Ge}}_{2}$${)}_{\mathit{p}}$ superlattices in various layer orientations G and with various choices of substrate lattice parameter ${\mathit{a}}_{\mathit{s}}$, and for the ${\mathrm{Si}}_{0.5}$${\mathrm{Ge}}_{0.5}$ random alloy. A subset of the results is used to construct an energy model, incorporating both strain (via an anharmonic valence force field) and chemical interactions (via a rapidly convergent cluster expansion) that closely reproduces the first-principles results, including those not used as input to the model. The model is applied to the study of larger superlattices than are amenable to first-principles treatment, revealing trends in (i) constituent strain energies, (ii) interfacial ``strain-relief'' relaxation energies, and (iii) interfacial chemical energies. The analysis reveals the major regularities in the dependence of superlattice stability on {p,G,${\mathit{a}}_{\mathit{s}}$}, and permits investigation of the nature of interactions at interfaces, including the substrate-film interface.
Encountering data (2019)

Abstract Statistics is concerned with using data to learn about the world. In this book, concepts for reasoning from data are developed using a combination of math and simulation. Using a running example, we will consider probability theory, statistical estimation, and statistical inference. Estimation and inference will be considered from three different perspectives.
[In vitro evaluation of the gels properties prepared thermosensitive polymers as vehicles for administration substance by injection]. (2011)

The aim of this study was to prepare a thermoresponsive formulations, which are a carrier for substance administered directly into site of action and which obtain sol-gel transitions at physiological ranges of temperature. The investigated formulations of liquid consistency at room temperature were obtained in sterile conditions on the basis of nonionic polymers Pluronic F-127, Pluronic F-68 and anionic polymer hyaluronic acid in different concentrations. The sol-gel transition temperature of the formulations was investigated and their physicochemical properties such as pH, density, osmotic pressure, sol-gel transition temperature, texture and release of vancomycin hydrochloride were studied. In vitro release experiments indicated that the optimised platform was able to prolong vancomycin hydrochloride release and their physico-chemical properties allow for application by injection form.
Influence of sodium dodecyl sulfate on the reaction between nile blue a and hydrogen peroxide (1999)

The influence of the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate on the rate of the reaction between the cationic form of Nile Blue A and hydrogen peroxide was investigated in the pH range from 5 to 8.5. A retardation of the oxidation of Nile Blue A with hydrogen peroxide of three orders of magnitude was observed at pH 8.5 in the presence of anionic micelles compared to the kinetic data in water. The retardation effect was less pronounced at lower pH values. These effects were explained by the electrostatic interaction of the species involved in the reaction with the negatively charged micellar surface and their effective separation in the vicinity of the micellar surface.
A Study on the Architectural Form of J angsagak(the Pavilion Keeping National Annals) of J eongjoksan Sago(National Archives Storehouse) (2014)

The first purpose of this study is to find out the factors that gave jangsagak or sagak(pavilion keeping national annals) of J eonjoksan sago(national archives storehouse) in Ganghwa island single-story elevation which was notably different from the other sagaks of local sagos that had double-story structure. The second purpose is to estimate the column arrangement and interior of jangsagak, which is indistinct for lack of historical materials. There were two factors that were possible to affect the single-story elevation of jangsagak; first, the influence of the building of Manisan sago, the former sago of Ganghwa island, which had diverted a single-story J aegung(purification house) to a storehouse; second, the need to consider the convenience of searching and carrying out the historical materials to perform the roll of substancial naesago(central storehouse of national archives). Unlike the contemporary rebuilt jangsagak, the side of original jangsagak is estimated to be composed of two or three kans at regular intervals of 2.7m. And, it is highly probable that original jangsagak had dense interior column arrangement. In both ends of jangsagak building, there could be lofts to adopt the advantage of double-story sagaks and to get the additional working area for the reference and taking out the historical materials.
Electrochemical Aspects of Asymmetric Phosphonium Ionic Liquids (2007)

Asymmetric aliphatic tetraalkyl phosphonium cations form room-temperature ionic liquids with iodide as an anion. Isobutyl-trihexyl phosphonium iodide shows the highest ionic conductivity at room temperature and it is enhanced by 3-methoxypropionitrile addition. A cyclovoltammetric study shows adequate redox behavior for nanocrystalline solar cells devices.
Active gaze control for attentional visual SLAM (2008)

In this paper, we introduce an approach to active camera control for visual SLAM. Features, detected by a biologically motivated attention system, are tracked over several frames to determine stable landmarks. Matching of features to database entries enables global loop closing. The focus of this paper is the active camera control module, which supports the system with three behaviours: (i) A tracking behaviour tracks promising landmarks and prevents them from leaving the field of view, (ii) A redetection behaviour directs the camera actively to regions where landmarks are expected and thus supports loop closing, (iii) Finally, an exploration behaviour investigates regions without landmarks and enables a more uniform distribution of landmarks. Several real-world experiments show that the active camera control outperforms the passive system considerably.
Inhibition of motility and invasion of B16 melanoma by the overexpression of cystatin C (1997)

Although increased expression of cysteine proteinases has been shown to be correlated with increased metastasis for a wide variety of tumours, the contribution of cysteine proteinases to the metastatic spread of tumour cells is not well understood. In order to examine this question we have overexpressed a specific cysteine proteinase inhibitor, cystatin C, by stable transfection of B16F10 melanoma. Increased expression of cystatin C inhibited motility and in vitro invasiveness of B16 melanoma by 50% in both stimulated (autocrine motility factor, laminin) and unstimulated cells. These results suggest that cysteine proteinases are involved in B16 melanoma motility and invasion.
Polymer Cross‐Linkling (2011)

Abstract Cross‐linking is a unique tool for polymer modification. Multidirectional chain extension of polymers resulting in the formation of network structure is defined as polymer cross‐linking. It hinders the free movement of polymer chains and restricts them from sliding past each other. Interconnection of the polymer chains generates elasticity in amorphous polymers and makes a polymer more resistant to heat, light, and other physical agencies. It enhances the dimensional stability, mechanical strength, and solvent resistance of a polymer. Cross‐linking may be accomplished either through polymerization of monomers with functionality greater than two (polycondensation) or by covalent bonding between preformed polymer molecules by irradiation, sulfur vulcanization, or miscellaneous chemical reactions. The degree of cross‐linking and regularity of the network are the two vital factors, which control the effects of cross‐linking on the properties of the polymers. Cross‐linking is carried out in elastomers, plastomers, and even on polymer blends to improve properties and to broaden the spectrum of applications. The present review describes different modes and kinetics of polymer cross‐linking as well as its effects on the properties of polymers.
Evaluation of Gigabit Ethernet with quality of service for event builder (2003)

A Gigabit Ethernet (GbE) is one of the candidates to be integrated to an event builder for next generation experiments on high-energy physics. This paper discusses the feasibility of applying GbE to an event builder. Congestion avoidance of event data flow in a switching network is crucial. Traffic management of the data flow is an essential point to avoid the congestion. Global traffic control is one of the mechanisms to manage the traffic. It uses global information of the switching network, while a traffic shaping technique is another mechanism not to use them. This paper studied traffic shaping of GbE with a mechanism of quality of service (QoS). The performance of the GbE with large frame called a jumbo frame was also studied.
Physiochemical Characterization and Release Rate Studies of SolidDispersions of Ketoconazole with Pluronic F127 and PVP K-30. (2011)

In the present study solid dispersions of the antifungal drug Ketoconazole were prepared with Pluronic F-127 and PVP K-30 with an intention to improve its dissolution properties. Investigations of the properties of the dispersions were performed using release studies, Differential scanning calorimetery (DSC), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The results obtained showed that the rate of dissolution of Ketoconazole was considerably improved when formulated in solid dispersions with PVP K-30 and Pluronic F-127 as compared with pure drug and physical mixtures. The results from DSC and XRD studies showed the transition of crystalline nature of drug to amorphous form, while FTIR studies demonstrated the absence of drug-carriers interaction.
Overview (2020)

Abstract For a growing number of African economies the discovery of natural resources is a tremendous opportunity, but one accompanied by considerable risks. Many African countries dependent on oil, gas, and mining have weaker long-run growth, higher rates of poverty and greater income inequality than their less resource-dependent neighbours. One major risk comes from the structure of resource-rich economies themselves. Relative prices make it more difficult to diversify into internationally competitive activities outside the resource sector, thus narrowing the scope for structural change. This chapter focuses on how countries can use natural resources to diversify. Drawing on country-level evidence it explores three key themes: the institutions needed to manage a resource boom, the construction sector, and linking industry to the resource.