gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bonilla - On Target (1994)

Nine members of a female volleyball team served as experimental subjects in order to examine changes in a physical fitness profile during the competitive season consisting of a first season (I) for 10 weeks followed by season II for 11 weeks. The entire season was characterized by 4-5 weekly sessions for playing drills and competitive games and by 2-3 weekly sessions for physical conditioning mostly for strength and explosive strength training. The control group consisted of eight other female volleyball players who trained for physical conditioning during the competitive season 1-2 times per week. The present findings showed that the entire competitive season in experimental subjects led to no changes (from 47.3 +/- 1.7 to 48.1 +/- 3.4 ml x kg-1 x min-1) (n.s.) in VO2max but a significant (p < 0.05) decrease took place in average power in a 30 s anaerobic jumping test. Significant increases took place in the maximal vertical jumping heights in the squat (from 30.3 +/- 1.7 to 31.6 +/- 1.3 cm) (p < 0.05) and in the counter movement jump (from 32.8 +/- 1.6 to 34.3 +/- 1.3 cm) (p < 0.05) as well as in the spike and block jumps (p < 0.05) during competitive season I.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Ciglitazone prevents and reverses dexamethasone-induced hyperglycemia in female viable yellow mice. (1992)

Hypercorticism has been observed in numerous obese and diabetic animal models. Adrenalectomy reduces adiposity, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance in these animals. The effects of adrenalectomy can be reversed by glucocorticoid replacement. Male and female viable yellow mice share all phenotypic expressions caused by the viable yellow mutation except that males are hyperglycemic and most females are either normoglycemic or only mildly hyperglycemic. The mechanisms that protect female viable yellow mice from hyperglycemia are not known. Implantation of dexamethasone pellets induced hyperglycemia in female viable yellow mice but had no effect on blood glucose of male viable yellow mice and male and female normal mice. The duration of dexamethasone-induced hyperglycemia correlated to the time endogenous plasma corticosterone levels were suppressed. Plasma insulin levels rose in normal mice but only transiently in viable yellow mice. Ciglitazone prevented and reversed dexamethasone-induced hyperglycemia in female viable yellow mice. Since female viable yellow mice, similar to male viable yellow mice, are obese, hyperinsulinemic and insulin resistant, and since dexamethasone is known to cause insulin resistance, these data suggest that dexamethasone increased insulin resistance to a degree that the protective mechanism was overwhelmed and hyperglycemia was induced. Ciglitazone, a compound known to improve insulin sensitivity, may prevent and reverse dexamethasone-induced hyperglycemia by ameliorating the additional insulin resistance caused by dexamethasone. On a molecular level, since dexamethasone suppresses glucose transport, an insulin-sensitive process in many tissues, whereas ciglitazone and other thiazolidinediones facilitate glucose transport, it is possible that ciglitazone prevents and reverses dexamethasone-induced hyperglycemia by regulating the glucose transport systems in insulin-sensitive tissues.
Salmonella in domestic animals. (2000)

<title>Abstract</title> This book is written by leading researchers of <italic>Salmonella</italic> from Europe, North America and Australia. It provides an up-to-date review of work on all aspects of <italic>Salmonella</italic> in farm and companion animals, including characteristics and biology, virulence, effects on the host, antibacterial resistance, epidemiology, disease prevention and laboratory methods. This book is an essential reference for researches in animal science, veterinary medicine and microbiology and those working in the public health sector.
Structure of the Tetraspanin Main Extracellular Domain (2001)

The tetraspanin family of membrane glycoproteins is involved in the regulation of cellular development, proliferation, activation, and mobility. We have attempted to predict the structural features of the large extracellular domain of tetraspanins (EC2), which is very important in determining their functional specificity. The tetraspanin EC2 is composed of two subdomains: a conserved three-helix subdomain and a variable secondary structure subdomain inserted within the conserved subdomain. The occurrence of key disulphide bridges and other invariant residues leads to a conserved relative topology of both subdomains and also suggests a structural classification of tetraspanins. Using the CD81 EC2 structure as a template, the structures of two other EC2s were predicted by homology modeling and indicate a conserved shape, in which the variable subdomain is located at one side of the structure. The conserved and variable subdomains might contain sites that correspond, respectively, to common and specific interactions of tetraspanins. The tetraspanin EC2 seems to correspond to a new scheme of fold conservation/variability among proteins, namely the insertion of a structurally variable subdomain within an otherwise conserved fold.
Image-analyzing microscopes (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTImage-Analyzing MicroscopesPhilip G. SteinCite this: Anal. Chem. 1970, 42, 13, 103A–107APublication Date (Print):November 1, 1970Publication History Published online23 May 2012Published inissue 1 November 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60295a810https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60295a810research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views11Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Simple and Reliable Technique to Monitor Intracranial Pressure in the Rat (1992)

A technique for intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring in the rat that uses a permanent cisterna magna cannula is described. The cannula is placed into the subarachnoid space through the atlanto-occipital membrane with the operating microscope and is secured with cement. The distal end is connected to a pressure transducer and a polygraph recorder. To study the consistency of this technique, 12 anesthetized adult rats were subjected to baseline ICP measurements 2 days after placement of the cannula. Baseline pressures ranged between 1.0 and 10.0 cm H2O, with a mean of 5.6 cm H2O. Respiratory variations were detected in all tracings, and manual abdominal compressions (Valsalva maneuver) correlated with immediate transient rises in ICP in all rats. While CSF pressure was being continuously monitored, rats were subjected to subarachnoid hemorrhage induced by transclival basilar artery puncture. Of the 12 rats, 10 showed a moderate transient rise in cerebrospinal fluid pressure, which peaked approximately 2 minutes after subarachnoid hemorrhage (mean peak change, 10.5 cm H2O; range, 0–32.5 cm H2O). Reliable pressure tracings were obtained in three of five animals examined 3 days after subarachnoid hemorrhage (ICP range, 4.0–4.5 cm H2O; mean, 4.2 cm H2O). We conclude that this cannula is easy and inexpensive to construct and that it provides reliable ICP tracings during experimental procedures in the rat.
Anchoring high concentrations of SynGAP at postsynaptic densities via liquid-liquid phase separation (2017)

SynGAP, encoded by <i>SYNGAP1</i>, is a Ras/Rap GTPase activator specifically expressed in the nervous systems. SynGAP is one of the most abundant proteins in the postsynaptic densities (PSDs) of excitatory synapses and acts as a critical synaptic activity brake by tuning down synaptic GTPase activities. Mutations of <i>SYNGAP1</i> have been frequently linked to brain disorders including intellectual disability, autisms, and seizure. SynGAP has been shown to undergo fast dispersions from synapses in response to stimulations, a strategy that neurons use to control the specific activities of the enzyme within the tiny, semi-open compartments in dendritic spines. However, the mechanism governing the activity-dependent synaptic localization modulations of SynGAP is poorly understood. It has been shown recently that SynGAP α1, via specifically binding to PSD-95, can undergo liquid-liquid phase separation forming membraneless, condensed protein-rich sub-compartments. This phase transition-mediated, PSD-95-dependent synaptic enrichment of SynGAP α1 not only suggests a dynamic anchoring mechanism of the protein within the PSD, but also implies a new model for the PSD formation in living neurons.
Fabrication of Magnetic Luminescent Nanocomposites by a Layer-by-Layer Self-assembly Approach (2004)

Magnetic luminescent nanocomposites were prepared via a layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly approach. The Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles of 8.5 nm were used as a template for the deposition of the CdTe quantum dots (QDs)/polyelectrolyte (PE) multilayers. The number of polyelectrolyte multilayers separating the nanoparticle layers and the number of QDs/polyelectrolyte deposition cycles were varied to obtain two kinds of magnetic luminescent nanocomposites, Fe3O4/PEn/CdTe and Fe3O4/(PE3/CdTe)n, respectively. The assembly processes were monitored through microelectrophoresis and UV−vis spectra. The topography and the size of the nanocomposites were studied by transmission electron microscopy. The LbL technique for fabricating magnetic luminescent nanocomposites has some advantages to tune their properties. It was found that the selection of a certain number of the inserted polyelectrolyte interlayers and the CdTe QDs loading on the nanocomposites could optimize the photoluminescence properties of the nanocomposites. Furthermore, the nanocomposites could be easily separated and collected in an external magnetic field. It provides a novel technological innovation for luminescent tagging applications in biomedicine and biotechnology, such as rapid, convenient separation in vitro or site-specific transport in vivo due to the excellent magnetic properties of the nanocomposites.
Network Fault Diagnosis Using Data Mining Classifiers (2015)

Mobile networks are under more pressure than ever before because of the increasing number of smartphone users and the number of people relying on mobile data networks.With larger numbers of users, the issue of service quality has become more important for network operators.Identifying faults in mobile networks that reduce the quality of service must be found within minutes so that problems can be addressed and networks returned to optimised performance.In this paper, a method of automated fault diagnosis is presented using decision trees, rules and Bayesian classifiers for visualization of network faults.Using data mining techniques the model classifies optimisation criteria based on the key performance indicators metrics to identify network faults supporting the most efficient optimisation decisions.The goal is to help wireless providers to localize the key performance indicator alarms and determine which Quality of Service factors should be addressed first and at which locations.
Protein biomarkers of external root resorption: A new protein extraction protocol. Are we going in the right direction? (2014)

The new protein extraction protocol does not interfere in isoeletric focusing of 2-DE gels. Furthermore, it provides the greatest sharpness in detecting protein bands of SDS-PAGE gels. This will allow mapping and searching of new external root resorption markers, particularly due to the difficulty in carrying out molecular tests with the current candidates for protein markers.
Automatic segmentation and degree identification in burn color images (2012)

When burn injury occurs, the most important step is to provide treatment to the injury immediately by identifying degree of the burn which can only be diagnosed by specialists. However, specialists for burn trauma are still inadequate for some local hospitals. Hence, the invention of an automatic system that is able to help evaluating the burn would be extremely beneficial to those hospitals. The aim of this work is to develop an automatic system with the ability of providing the first assessment to burn injury from burn color images. The method used in this work can be divided into 2 parts, i.e., burn image segmentation and degree of burn identification. Burn image segmentation employs the Cr-transformation, Luv-transformation and fuzzy c-means clustering technique to separate the burn wound area from healthy skin and then mathematical morphology is applied to reduce segmentation errors. The segmentation algorithm performance is evaluated by the positive predictive value (PPV) and the sensitivity (S). Burn degree identification uses h-transformation and texture analysis to extract feature vectors and the support vector machine (SVM) is applied to identify the degree of burn. The classification results are compared with that of Bayes and K-nearest neighbor classifiers. The experimental results show that our proposed segmentation algorithm yields good results for the burn color images. The PPV and S are about 0.92 and 0.84, respectively. Degree of burn identification experiments show that SVM yields the best results of 89.29 % correct classification on the validation sets of the 4-fold cross validation. SVM also yields 75.33 % correct classification on the blind test experiment.
Microscopic hematuria as a screening marker for urinary tract malignancies (2001)

Microhematuria is an appropriate screening marker for urothelial carcinomas, particularly in elderly men, but not for RCC. However, it is unlikely that a mass screening urinalysis using a single voided urine sample would contribute to earlier detection of bladder carcinoma.
An apparatus delivering water at constant temperature (1951)

An equipment is described which maintains the temperature of flowing water constant to within ± 0.01° C. On-off control is employed using a thermistor (or resistance thermometer) and Wheatstone network. Provision is made to attenuate the resulting temperature wave, and an additional thermistor in a compensating network is included to eliminate offset.
Pinochet, en capilla (1999)

Al ex dictador se le van agotando los cartuchos. Sus abogados pueden recurrir hasta el infinito las decisiones que se vayan adoptando, pero tanto la justicia como el Gobierno britanicos, con mas o menos matices, por ahora estan dando la razon al juez Baltasar Garzon
An investigation of market response to earnings announcements: Multinational firms versus domestic firms (1997)

Capital market responses to accounting earning annoucements have been well documented in the accounting literature. These responses may vary with firm size, analyst following, and other variables. This study investigates the effect of multinational operations as a proxy for operational and informational complexity on market responses to earnings announcements. The results show that multinational operations provide significant explanatory power for market responses to earnings announcements after controlling the factors of firm size and analyst following.
The overshoot phenomenon in step‐and‐shoot IMRT delivery (2001)

The control loop in the Varian DMLC system (V4.8) requires approximately 65 msec to monitor and halt the irradiation of a segment, causing an "overshoot" effect: the segment ends on a fractional monitor unit larger than that planned. As a result, the actual MU delivered may differ from that planned. In general, for step-and-shoot treatments, the first segment receives more, the last receives less, and intermediate segments vary. The overshoot for each segment (DeltaMU) is small, approximately 0.6 MU at 600 MU/min. Our IMRT planning system (Corvus) produces plans often having more than 20% of the segments with less than 1 MU/segment. Such segments may be skipped if the DeltaMU exceeds the segments' planned MU. Furthermore, QA filming often requires reducing the total MU by a factor of 4-6, increasing the potential for dosimetric error. This study measured DeltaMU over a range of MU/min and MU/segment. At >5 MU/segment, the DeltaMU was stable, corresponding to a delay of 62 msec. DeltaMU became larger and more variable at <1 MU/segment. The behavior was modeled in a computer program that predicted the change in delivered MU/segment and total change in delivered MU to each beamlet. Beams were analyzed for patients receiving 5 field prostate or 9 field head and neck treatments. At 400 MU/min, 28% and 16%, respectively, of the planned segments were skipped. For QA filming, up to 75% of the segments were skipped. The cumulative error averaged <0.1 MU/beamlet, but individual beamlets had errors exceeding 200%. The effect is most significant for low dose regions. Recommendations are given for deciding when to treat or do QA studies with lower MU/min. In general, treatments are not significantly affected, but QA films taken at reduced MU may be improved if irradiated at lowered MU/min.
Junction formation and its device impact through the nodes: From single to coimplants, from beam line to plasma, from single ions to clusters, and from rapid thermal annealing to laser thermal processing (2008)

The fundamental design goals for a high-performance logic technology, maximizing speed while minimizing power, drive the design of the junctions and in turn the requirements on dopant placement and activation. In the early nodes implant energies of tens of keV and furnace anneals sufficed. Scaling into the deep submicron regime brought transient enhanced diffusion to the forefront and necessitated its control. This gave rise to rapid thermal annealing and low energy implants. The requirements of current high-performance logic technologies can only be satisfied with careful defect engineering and a further reduction in thermal budget at increased annealing temperatures: flash or laser annealing. Those almost diffusionless anneals make implant precision, such as angle control, imperative. Simultaneously, productivity requirements of implanters add molecular clusters to the list of implant species and lead for certain applications to a switch from beam line to plasma implantation.
The dilemma: Does tissue expression of cathepsin D reflect tumor malignancy? The question: Does the assay truly mirror cathepsin D mis-function in the tumor? (2010)

Three molecular forms of the proteolytic enzyme Cathepsin D (CD) are found in the cell: the precursor (proCD), the intermediate single-chain and the mature double-chain. ProCD, which is found in the Golgi Complex, is enzymatically inactive, while the intermediate and the mature forms, respectively found in endosomes and lysosomes, are enzymatically active. The latter are involved in autophagy and apoptosis pathways thus playing a crucial role in the control of cell and tissue homeostasis. ProCD can be secreted in the extracellular space and, by interacting with membrane receptors, can promote cell proliferation. At slightly acid pH, secreted proCD undergoes partial maturation and becomes active. In the extracellular space, CD can degrade the protein components of the matrix and free growth factors therein embedded, thus favoring tumor growth, invasion and angiogenesis. Based on the multiple tasks performed by CD inside and outside the cell, it is not irrational to hypothesize its involvement in cancer development and progression and a strict link between its tissue expression and the clinico-pathological features of the tumor. Thus, not surprisingly, as many as 519 articles are found in the database of pubmed with the keywords 'cathepsin D, cancer and marker'. Disappointingly, however, in spite of, or because of, this large number of studies, the scientific community has not reached a general agreement on the prognostic value of CD in cancer progression. Here, we will briefly review the relevant literature and offer a possible explanation for the conflicting data.
Micromechanics of pressure‐induced grain crushing in porous rocks (1990)

The hydrostatic compaction behavior of a suite of porous sandstones was investigated at confining pressures up to 600 MPa and constant pore pressures ranging up to 50 MPa. These five sandstones (Boise, Kayenta, St. Peter, Berea, and Weber) were selected because of their wide range of porosity (5–35%) and grain size (60–460 μm). We tested the law of effective stress for the porosity change as a function of pressure. Except for Weber sandstone (which has the lowest porosity and smallest grain size), the hydrostat of each sandstone shows an inflection point corresponding to a critical effective pressure beyond which an accelerated, irrecoverable compaction occurs. Our microstructural observations show that brittle grain crushing initiates at this critical pressure. We also observed distributed cleavage cracking in calcite and intensive kinking in mica. The critical pressures for grain crushing in our sandstones range from 75 to 380 MPa. In general, a sandstone with higher porosity and larger grain size has a critical pressure which is lower than that of a sandstone with lower porosity and smaller grain size. We formulate a Hertzian fracture model to analyze the micromechanics of grain crushing. Assuming that the solid grains have preexisting microcracks with dimensions which scale with grain size, we derive an expression for the critical pressure which depends on the porosity, grain size, and fracture toughness of the solid matrix. The theoretical prediction is in reasonable agreement with our experimental data as well as other data from soil and rock mechanics studies for which the critical pressures range over 3 orders of magnitude.
Novel approach for increased dynamic range in optoelectronicsensing applications (1994)

A novel approach is proposed to significantly increase the dynamic range of optoelectronic sensors. The power of the light source is monitored in a dynamic intensity-control loop designed to perform ‘floating-point’ measurements according to the attenuation in the optical path. The sensor acquires the combined dynamic ranges of the detector and light-source circuits.
Soft-switching single-stage AC-to-DC converter with low harmonic distortion (2000)

A 1 /spl phi/ high-frequency (HF) transformer isolated, soft-switching single-stage ac-dc converter with low line-current harmonic distortion is presented. Its operation is explained with equivalent circuits for the various intervals. The converter is analyzed and design curves are obtained. An optimization parameter is introduced and a systematic design procedure is illustrated with a design example. Detailed SPICE simulation and experimental results of a 500 W converter with load as well as line voltage variation are given to verify theory. The proposed converter employs a zero-voltage transition (ZVT) network to ensure zero-voltage switching (ZVS) at all loads, and natural power factor correction is ensured using a simple control circuit.