gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
What is the place of bevacizumab and irinotecan in the treatment of glioblastoma and other malignant gliomas? (2008)

Bevacizumab is a welcome new weapon in the treatment of malignant gliomas and should be favored as a salvage treatment over cytotoxic chemotherapy for recurrent disease. However, survival results remain far from satisfactory. Once failure to treatment with bevacizumab is diagnosed by conventional radiographic methods, most patients experience rapid deterioration and die shortly afterward. New methods and radiographic criteria for detecting disease progression are needed. Patients willing to explore new treatment strategies through participation in clinical trials should do so prior to starting bevacizumab, as this may not be an option once treatment fails. Cost-effectiveness of bevacizumab in gliomas deserves further investigation. The role of irinotecan in this combination remains unclear. At this time, bevacizumab should only be used in newly diagnosed malignant gliomas in the setting of a clinical trial.
Analysis of Web Access Logs for Surveillance of Influenza (2004)

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the level of influenza in a population correlates with the number of times that internet users access information about influenza on health-related Web sites. We obtained Web access logs from the Healthlink Web site. Web access logs contain information about the user and the information the user accessed, and are maintained electronically by most Web sites, including Healthlink. We developed weekly counts of the number of accesses of selected influenza-related articles on the Healthlink Web site and measured their correlation with traditional influenza surveillance data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) using the cross-correlation function (CCF). We defined timeliness as the time lag at which the correlation was a maximum. There was a moderately strong correlation between the frequency of influenza-related article accesses and the CDC's traditional surveillance data, but the results on timeliness were inconclusive. With improvements in methods for performing spatial analysis of the data and the continuing increase in Web searching behavior among Americans, Web article access has the potential to become a useful data source for public health early warning systems.
The right tool for the job (1992)

Article The right tool for the job: a quest for the perfect authoring package Share on Authors: Jeffrey N. Agnew View Profile , George A. Palmer View Profile Authors Info & Claims SIGDOC '92: Proceedings of the 10th annual international conference on Systems documentationNovember 1992 Pages 253–258https://doi.org/10.1145/147001.147042Online:01 November 1992Publication History 0citation242DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads242Last 12 Months0Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Video-assisted thoracic surgery: experience with 126 cases. (1994)

VATS was performed in 126 patients at the Medical Center of Delaware from December 1991 to August 1993, with no major complications and no mortality. A definitive diagnosis was made in all cases. Results with VATS therapeutic procedures appear to equal those of the standard open technique. Operating time was comparable to that with the open technique. Length of stay and pain and suffering were dramatically reduced when compared with those associated with the open technique. We now consider VATS to be the preferred procedure in cases of: 1. Undiagnosed pulmonary infiltrate in the nonventilator-dependent patient 2. Indeterminate pulmonary nodule 3. Undiagnosed disease of the pleural space 4. Recurrent or persistent pneumothorax 5. Mediastinal or pericardial cystic tumors 6. Thoracic sympathectomy 7. Selected patients requiring esophagocardiomyotomy. The utilization of VATS for resection of a pulmonary mass in patients with cardiopulmonary compromise (i.e., FEV < 1) is being studied. Further development of this technique and expansion to formal pulmonary resection and cardiovascular procedures must follow the philosophy presented in our conclusion. The place of VATS in the management of penetrating thoracic trauma has been studied at several centers, with excellent results when precise guidelines have been followed. Obviously, one-lung anesthesia is not well tolerated when a patient is in profound shock, but if the patient can be stabilized before thoracotomy, the introduction of a camera to diagnose a carotid or internal mammary artery laceration or to staple an easily accessible pulmonary tear could obviate the need for a thoracotomy and its consequences for the patient. Again, as in all surgical operations, common sense and good judgment must prevail.
Effects of NAA and planofix on flowering, flower and fruit drop and fruit set in chilli (1987)

Studies carried out to standardize the optimum concentration and time of application of NAA to induce more flowering and reduce flower and fruit drop of chilli cv. Jwala reveal that the concentration up to 20 ppm and spraying on 20th day after transplanting were the best. It resulted in early flowering by a week, more flower production (up to 22.9%); and conspicuous increase in fruit set and reduction in flower and fruit drop. NAA as pure chemical was superior to its commercial formulation planofix, though many times significant differences were not evident
Improvement of Endothelial Function by Systemic Transfusion of Vascular Progenitor Cells (2006)

Endothelial dysfunction is characterized by abnormalities in vasoreactivity and is a marker of the extent of atherosclerosis. Cellular repair by circulating progenitor cells of ongoing vascular injury may be essential for vascular integrity and function and may limit abnormalities in vasoreactivity. Apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE-/-) mice were splenectomized and treated with high-cholesterol diet for 5 weeks, resulting in marked impairment of endothelium-dependent vasodilation of aortic segments as compared with wild-type mice. Intravenous transfusion of 2x10(7) spleen-derived mononuclear cells (MNCs) isolated from wild-type mice on 3 consecutive days restored endothelium-dependent vasodilation in the apoE-/- mice, as measured 7, 14, and 45 days after transfusion. Histological analyses of aortic tissue identified fluorescent-labeled, exogenously applied progenitor cells that expressed the endothelial cell marker CD31 in the endothelial cell layer of atherosclerotic lesions. Progenitor cell treatment led to increased vascular nitric oxide synthase activity. Transfusion of either in vitro-differentiated Dil-Ac-LDL/lectin-positive endothelial progenitor cells, CD11b-positive (monocyte marker), CD45R-positive (B-cell marker), or Sca-1-positive (stem cell marker) MNC subpopulations significantly improved endothelium-dependent vasodilation, although these treatments were not as effective as transfusion of total MNCs. Depletion of MNCs of either CD11b-positive, CD45R-positive, or Sca-1-positive cells resulted in significant attenuation of endothelium-dependent vasodilation as compared with nondepleted MNCs; however, vasoreactivity was still significantly improved as compared with saline-treated apoE-/- mice. Intravenous transfusion of spleen-derived MNCs improves endothelium-dependent vasodilation in atherosclerotic apoE-/- mice, indicating an important role of circulating progenitor cells for the repair of ongoing vascular injury. More than 1 subpopulation of the MNC fraction seems to be involved in this effect.
Hybrid-integrated tunable laser using polymer coupled-ring reflector (2008)

A polymer coupled-ring reflector is hybrid-integrated with a reflective semiconductor optical amplifier to realise a widely tunable laser. The tuning range is measured to be about 35 nm, maintaining a sidemode suppression ratio of about 32 dB.
The TNF-Like Protein 1A–Death Receptor 3 Pathway Promotes Macrophage Foam Cell Formation In Vitro (2010)

TNF-like protein 1A (TL1A), a TNF superfamily cytokine that binds to death receptor 3 (DR3), is highly expressed in macrophage foam cell-rich regions of atherosclerotic plaques, although its role in foam cell formation has yet to be elucidated. We investigated whether TL1A can directly stimulate macrophage foam cell formation in both THP-1 and primary human monocyte-derived macrophages with the underlying mechanisms involved. We demonstrated that TL1A promotes foam cell formation in human macrophages in vitro by increasing both acetylated and oxidized low-density lipoprotein uptake, by enhancing intracellular total and esterified cholesterol levels and reducing cholesterol efflux. This imbalance in cholesterol homeostasis is orchestrated by TL1A-mediated changes in the mRNA and protein expression of several genes implicated in the uptake and efflux of cholesterol, such as scavenger receptor A and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1. Furthermore, through the use of virally delivered DR3 short-hairpin RNA and bone marrow-derived macrophages from DR3 knockout mice, we demonstrate that DR3 can regulate foam cell formation and contributes significantly to the action of TL1A in this process in vitro. We show, for the first time, a novel proatherogenic role for both TL1A and DR3 that implicates this pathway as a target for the therapeutic intervention of atherosclerosis.
Short Double- and N-Times-Authentication-Preventing Signatures from ECDSA and More. (2017)

Double-authentication-preventing signatures (DAPS) are signatures designed with the aim that signing two messages with an identical first part (called address) but different second parts (called payload) allows to publicly extract the secret signing key from two such signatures. A prime application for DAPS is disincentivizing and/or penalizing the creation of two signatures on different payloads within the same address, such as penalizing double spending of transactions in Bitcoin by the loss of the double spender's money. So far DAPS have been constructed from very specific signature schemes not used in practice and using existing techniques it has proved elusive to construct DAPS schemes from signatures widely used in practice. This, unfortunately, has prevented practical adoption of this interesting tool so far. In this paper we ask whether one can construct DAPS from signature schemes used in practice. We affirmatively answer this question by presenting novel techniques to generically construct provably secure DAPS from a large class of discrete logarithm based signatures. This class includes schemes like Schnorr, DSA, EdDSA, and, most interestingly for practical applications, the widely used ECDSA signature scheme. The resulting DAPS are highly efficient and the shortest among all existing DAPS schemes. They are nearly half of the size of the most efficient factoring based schemes (IACR PKC'17) and improve by a factor of 100 over the most efficient discrete logarithm based ones (ACM CCS'15). Although this efficiency comes at the cost of a reduced address space, i.e., size of keys linear in the number of addresses, we will show that this is not a limitation in practice. Moreover, we generalize DAPS to any N > 2, which we denote as N-times-authentication-preventing signatures (NAPS). Finally, we also provide an integration of our ECDSA-based DAPS into the OpenSSL library and perform an extensive comparison with existing approaches.
LEAF PHENOLOGY OF WOODY SPECIES IN A NORTH AUSTRALIAN TROPICAL SAVANNA (1997)

Leaf phenology was monitored for 49 woody species (trees and tall shrubs) each month over a 2.5-year period in a humid, wet–dry tropical eucalypt savanna at Solar Village, near Darwin, Australia. In the 10 most common species, which spanned the range of phenological types, phenology was monitored every two weeks. To investigate the relationships between leaf phenology and plant water status, pre-dawn leaf water potential was monitored in eight common species every 4–6 weeks. Four main phenological types were described: (1) evergreen species, which retained full canopy throughout the year; (2) brevi- or partly deciduous species, in which the amount of canopy fell significantly, but briefly, during at least one dry season during the study period, but to levels not below 50% of full canopy; (3) semideciduous species in which canopy fell to below 50% of full canopy in each of the dry seasons; and (4) fully deciduous species, which lost all leaves during the early-mid dry season, and remained leafless for at least one month. Of these 49 species, 24% were evergreen, 20% were brevideciduous, 29% were semideciduous, and 27% were fully deciduous. Leaf fall occurred 1–2 months earlier in the dry season for the fully deciduous species than for the semideciduous species. Leaf fall in all species was coincident with the attainment of seasonal minima in leaf water potential, which were, on average, about −1.5 to −2.0 MPa in the evergreen and semideciduous species, compared with about −0.5 to −1.0 MPa in the fully deciduous species. Leaf flushing occurred throughout the dry season in the two evergreen species, with a major peak in the late dry season. In five semideciduous species and one of the fully deciduous species, leaf flushing commenced in the late dry season prior to the occurrence of any rain. In two fully deciduous species, leaf flushing occurred only after the first storms of the early wet season. There was variation in the timing of flushing, both between species within years and between years for some species. However, all species commenced leaf flushing after water potentials rose, following the attainment of seasonal minima in pre-dawn leaf water potential. Soil moisture at 1 m did not fall below permanent wilting point during the dry season; hence, reserves of soil water at the end of the dry season were sufficient to support the whole-plant rehydration that preceded leaf flushing in the absence of rain. These results are consistent with hypotheses, developed in the neotropics, that leaf phenology in trees from the wet–dry tropics is largely controlled by endogenous mechanisms.
Chlorinated polymers based on low-molecular-mass 1,2-polybutadiene (2009)

It has been shown that chlorinated polymer products based on low-molecular-mass 1,2-polybuta-diene can be produced by incorporation of chlorine and hydrogen chloride via carbon-carbon double bonds of polymer macromolecules. The functionalization of polydiene by halogen atoms results in such significant changes in the physicochemical properties of the polymer as solution viscosity and flowability of the polymer product. 1,2-Polybutadiene modified by chlorination and hydrochlorination shows good adhesion to steel and can be used as a component of adhesive compositions, which are used in the production of PVC adhesive films for insulation of main pipelines.
Synthesis of Leptin in Human Placenta (1997)

leptin is synthesized as a single molecular variant identical to human recombinant leptin in human placentae at delivery.
Assessment of large automatically generated fault trees by means of binary decision diagrams (2007)

Dassault Aviation have developed a reliability workbench based on the high-level formal description language AltaRica. The workbench includes a compiler of AltaRica models into fault trees. The fault trees generated for the largest industrial systems involve up to a thousand basic events and several dozen thousand gates; moreover, they are non-coherent. The assessment of such large formulae is challenging, even for binary decision diagrams, the state-of-the-art data structure to encode and to manipulate Boolean functions. This article describes the various heuristics and strategies that were used to make the assessment tractable.
Innovative approaches to the administration of activated charcoal in pediatric toxic ingestions. (1998)

Toxic ingestions (accidental or intentional) continue to occur within the pediatric population. Activated charcoal has replaced syrup of ipecac as the gastrointestinal decontamination method of choice. Activated charcoal has poor palatability and poses acceptability and administration problems with children. This article proposes innovative approaches to the administration of activated charcoal as an antidote for pediatric toxic ingestions.
Orphaned ryanodine receptors in the failing heart (2006)

Heart muscle is characterized by a regular array of proteins and structures that form a repeating functional unit identified as the sarcomere. This regular structure enables tight coupling between electrical activity and Ca(2+) signaling. In heart failure, multiple cellular defects develop, including reduced contractility, altered Ca(2+) signaling, and arrhythmias; however, the underlying causes of these defects are not well understood. Here, in ventricular myocytes from spontaneously hypertensive rats that develop heart failure, we identify fundamental changes in Ca(2+) signaling that are related to restructuring of the spatial organization of the cells. Myocytes display both a reduced ability to trigger sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) release and increased spatial dispersion of the transverse tubules (TTs). Remodeled TTs in cells from failing hearts no longer exist in the regularly organized structures found in normal heart cells, instead moving within the sarcomere away from the Z-line structures and leaving behind the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) release channels, the ryanodine receptors (RyRs). These orphaned RyRs appear to be responsible for the dyssynchronous Ca(2+) sparks that have been linked to blunted contractility and, probably, Ca(2+)-dependent arrhythmias in diverse models of heart failure. We conclude that the increased spatial dispersion of the TTs and orphaned RyRs lead to the loss of local control and Ca(2+) instability in heart failure.
A MIMO-OFDM Scheme over Coupled Multi-conductor Power-Line Communication Channel (2007)

In this paper, we propose a new MIMO transmission model for a type of typical coupled multi-conductor power cable existing in the power distribution networks. Based on this model, we did experiment with regard to the transfer functions and presented the measurement results. We used the experimental data to evaluate the coupling effects between inner conductors on the MIMO capacity. To understand the broadband PLC transmission performance on this model, we applied a MIMO-OFDM scheme while the channels are contaminated by Middleton's class A impulsive noise (AWCN). Considering non-negligible coupling between inner conductors, we did a comparison between orthogonal space-time code and non-orthogonal space-time code. The results shown that this MIMO-OFDM scheme with the model we proposed could achieve much lower symbol error rate than SISO-OFDM and outperform previous reported MIMO-OFDM schemes over the coupled multi-conductor power cable.
Chemotropic and Contact Responses of <i>Phytophthora sojae</i> Hyphae to Soybean Isoflavonoids and Artificial Substrates1 (1998)

We have investigated the role of the isoflavones daidzein and genistein on the chemotropic behavior of germinating cysts of Phytophthora sojae. Hyphal germlings were shown to respond chemotropically to daidzein and genistein, suggesting that hyphal tips from zoospores that have encysted adjacent to the root may use specific host isoflavones to locate their host. Observations of the contact response of hyphal germlings were made on several different substrates in the presence and absence of isoflavones. Hyphal tips of germlings detected and penetrated pores in membranes and produced multiple appressoria on smooth, impenetrable surfaces. Hyphae that successfully penetrated the synthetic membrane were observed to grow away from the membrane surface. The presence of isoflavones in the medium surrounding the hyphal germlings did not appear to alter any of those habits. Daidzein and genistein did not inhibit germination or initial hyphal growth at concentrations up to 20 &mgr;M.
The Major Tick Salivary Gland Proteins and Toxins from the Soft Tick, Ornithodoros savignyi, Are Part of the Tick Lipocalin Family: Implications for the Origins of Tick Toxicoses (2003)

The origins of tick toxicoses remain a subject of controversy because no molecular data are yet available to study the evolution of tick-derived toxins. In this study we describe the molecular structure of toxins from the soft tick, Ornithodoros savignyi. The tick salivary gland proteins (TSGPs) are four highly abundant proteins proposed to play a role in salivary gland granule biogenesis of the soft tick O. savignyi, of which the toxins TSGP2 and TSGP4 are a part. They were assigned to the lipocalin family based on sequence similarity to known tick lipocalins. Several other tick lipocalins were also identified using Smith-Waterman database searches, bringing the tick lipocalin family up to 20. Phylogenetic analysis showed that most tick lipocalins group within genus-specific clades, suggesting that gene duplication and divergence of tick lipocalin function occurred after tick speciation, most probably during the evolution of a hematophagous lifestyle. TSGP2 and TSGP3 show high sequence identity and group terminal to moubatin, an inhibitor of collagen-induced platelet aggregation from the tick, O. moubata. However, no platelet aggregation inhibitory activity is associated with the TSGPs using ADP or collagen as agonists, suggesting that TSGP2 and TSGP3 duplicated after divergence of O. savignyi and O. moubata. This timing is supported by the absence of TSGP2-4 in the salivary gland extracts of O. moubata. The absence of TSGP2 and TSGP4 in salivary gland extracts from O. moubata correlates with the nontoxicity of this tick species. The implications of this study are that the various forms of tick toxicoses do not have a common origin, but must have evolved independently in those tick species that cause pathogenesis.
Near Vision Tasks and Optical Quality of the Eye (2021)

Near-vision reading tasks can change the optical quality of the eye, especially when the task is performed on printed paper.
Modeling of lamination effects for thin-film inductive heads (1996)

The impedance, efficiency, and current and field risetime for laminated heads have been calculated, and the results are compared with experimental data. The experiments show that laminated heads perform better than non-laminated heads in isolated pulse amplitude and overwrite at high frequencies under identical test conditions; however, the laminated heads do not show improved performance in PW50 and nonlinear transition shift (NLTS) under our test conditions.
The architecture of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA genome (2020)

Abstract SARS-CoV-2 carries the largest single-stranded RNA genome and is the causal pathogen of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. How the SARS-CoV-2 RNA genome is folded in the virion remains unknown. To fill the knowledge gap and facilitate structure-based drug development, we developed a virion RNA in situ conformation sequencing technology, named vRIC-seq, for probing viral RNA genome structure unbiasedly. Using vRIC-seq data, we reconstructed the tertiary structure of the SARS-CoV-2 genome and revealed a surprisingly "unentangled globule" conformation. We uncovered many long-range duplexes and higher-order junctions, both of them were under purifying selections and contributed to the sequential package of the SARS-CoV-2 genome. Unexpectedly, the D614G and two accompanying mutations might remodel duplexes into more stable forms. Lastly, the structure-guided design of potent small interfering RNAs could obliterate the SARS-CoV-2 in Vero cells. Overall, our work provides a framework for studying the genome structure, function, and dynamics of emerging deadly RNA viruses.