gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prokaryotic triterpenoids: Bacteriohopanetetrol glycuronosides from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Synechococcus PCC 6907 (1996)

Diploptene and composite triterpenoids of the hopane series, 35-(0-β-galacturonosyl)-2β-methylbacteriohopanetetrol and 35-(0-α-glucuronosyl)-2β-methylbacteriohopanetetrol, a novel hopanoid, as well as their non-methylated equivalents, were isolated from the temperature resistant cyanobacterium Synechococcus PCC 6907. This is the first report of rare bacteriohopanetetrol glycosides containing glycuronic acid moieties from a cyanobacterium.
Stabilized Hemoglobin Vesicles (1994)

The Hb-vesicles which encapsulate the purified and concentrated Hb more than 40 g/dl with a uni- or bi-lamellar membrane are prepared by extruding the dispersion of mixed lipids through membrane filters (final pore size: 0.2 micron phi). They transport large amount of oxygen with satisfying rheological properties such as oncotic pressure and solution viscosity. Oxygen affinity of the Hb-vesicles is adjusted so as to exceed the ability of oxygen transport of human blood by coencapsulating allosteric effectors in the Hb-vesicles. The solution is sterilizable because of the diameter of Hb vesicles less than 0.2 micron phi. The Hb-vesicles are stabilized by using polyphospholipid or glycolipid as membrane components. No change in oxygen affinity and particle size was confirmed during long time storage at 4 degrees C. The stabilized Hb-vesicles can also be stored as frozen or dried state. The dried Hb-vesicles are regenerated by simply adding pure water. Simple in vitro test indicates that Hb-vesicles have the reduced inhibitory action of Hb to the EDRF-mediated vasorelaxation.
A passive wireless sensor with reflective nonlinear transmission lines for capacitive signal transduction (2012)

A passive RFID transponder with reflective nonlinear transmission lines (NLTLs) has been developed for capacitive sensor detection. By detecting the phase change in the harmonic signal generated by NLTLs, the capacitive sensor information can be monitored wirelessly. To show the feasibility and design procedure, two open-ended NLTLs with terminating capacitive sensors are implemented in IBM 0.13μm CMOS process. The NLTLs with Bragg cutoff frequency f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">B</sub> = 10 GHz and 15 GHz achieve an average of 0.25°/fF and 0.61°/fF in the phase of the reflected harmonic signal, when the modeled sensor capacitance changes from 290 fF to 900 fF and from 117 fF to 362 fF, respectively.
Nuclear Double Irradiation in Sodium Bromate (1964)

Two different frequency magnetic resonance transitions involving a common energy level are observed simultaneously using the ${\mathrm{Br}}^{79}$ nuclear quadrupole energy levels split by a magnetic field of 7000 G. Irradiation of different transitions with frequencies near 180 Mc/sec may enhance the absorption of a transition near 14 Mc/sec, or produce population inversion enabling observation of a stimulated emission at the lower frequency. The dependence of the enhancement on the rf voltage of the 180-Mc/sec oscillator is shown.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF BENZ(E)INDOLE AND BENZ(G)INDOLE CARBOXALDEHYDES (1974)

Abstract Zur Herstellung einer Vielzahl von Benz(e)‐ und Benz(g)indo1‐2‐ und ‐3‐aldehyden werden die üblichen Verfahren einer Formylierung nach Vilsmeier‐Haack bzw. die Reduktion entsprechender Carboxylgruppen‐enthaltender Komponenten herangezogen, wie sie im Formelschema angedeutet sind.
A LOW-COST TOOL-CHAIN FOR RECONSTRUCTION OF STANDING TREES OF SELECTED EUROPEAN HARDWOOD SPECIES (2013)

The use of endemic hardwood species in forest conversion and forestation of marginal land is part of the current policy in Flanders, yet little is known about their quality. An inexpensive tool-chain is presented here for total tree assessment, starting with the reconstruction of the stem of the standing tree which can be used for calculation of taper, sweep, etc. Subsequently serial sectioning of the tree, image acquisition and registration is performed. Image processing of the discs and positioning in the reconstructed stem enables quantification of bark, veneer quality, etc. on virtual sawn or peeled logs. In combination with measured crown parameters such datasets can be used in physiological growth, yield and quality models and their predictions of wood characteristics. This easy-to-implement tool-chain generates important output for a number of forestry-wood chain related domains for lesser known hardwood species with highly irregular stem form.
Directivity of binaural noise reduction in spatial multiple noise-source arrangements for normal and impaired listeners (1997)

Speech reception thresholds (SRTs) were obtained for different azimuths of up to three interfering sound sources in a simulated ("virtual") spatial arrangement. For the SRT measurements a fast subjective threshold assessment method was used. The reduction in SRT relative to the reference threshold caused by spatial separation of target and interference signal is called the intelligibility level difference (ILD). For normal listeners, the maximum ILD was achieved at 105 degrees or 255 degrees azimuth of a single noise source when the target emanated from the front (0 degree azimuth). The ILD decreased rapidly if the number of interfering signals was increased and if they were located on opposite sides of the head. When using continuous speech as interference, this decrease of ILD was less pronounced. These findings indicate that the binaural system can suppress interference from only one azimuthal region at a time and can utilize temporal pauses in the interference to suppress a second interference from a different direction. For eight sensorineural impaired listeners, the maximum attainable ILD for one interfering noise source was reduced in a way not predictable from the audiogram. The ability to exploit pauses in the signal of an interfering talker was also reduced. Hence, hearing-impaired listeners are handicapped in realistic spatial interference situations both by an increased monaural SRT and a reduced binaural noise reduction ability.
Diesel Reforming for Fuel Cell Auxiliary Power Units (2005)

This objective of this project was to develop technology suitable for onboard reforming of diesel. The approach was to examine catalytic partial oxidation and steam reforming.
Progesterone receptor levels and distribution in different phases of the menstrual cycle and in estrogen-primed postmenopausal endometrium. (1986)

Progesterone receptor levels were measured in the cytosol and in the 0.4 M KCl nuclear extract of normal cyclic endometria in 49 women, classified into four categories: proliferative, midcycle, secretory, and estrogen-primed (four to 11 days); [3H]R5020 was used as a ligand. The women in each category were further subdivided into test and control groups; the women in the test group received a progesterone injection one to three hours before tissue collection. Both the nuclear progesterone receptor levels and the portion of the progesterone receptor in the nuclear extract were significantly higher in the test than in the control groups; among the test groups in the four categories, however, these changes were significantly smaller in women in the secretory category than in the other three categories. These results indicate that the progesterone receptor activation-translocation dynamics in human endometrium are dependent upon the hormonal status of the woman.
Robot manipulator control for hazardous waste‐handling applications (1992)

Abstract The U.S. Department of Energy has identified robotics as a major technology to be utilized in its program of environmental restoration and waste management, and in particular has targeted robotic handling of hazardous waste to be an essential element in this program. Successful performance of waste‐handling operations will require a robot to perform complex tasks involving both accurate positioning of its end effector and compliant contact between the end effector and the environment, and will demand that these tasks be completed in uncertain surroundings. This article focuses on the development of a robot control system capable of meeting the requirements of hazardous‐waste‐handling applications and presents as a solution an adaptive scheme for controlling the mechanical impedance of kinematically redundant manipulators. The proposed controller is capable of accurate end effector impedance control and effective redundancy utilization, does not require knowledge of the complex robot dynamic model or parameter values for the robot or the environment, and is implemented without calculation of the robot inverse kinematic transformation. Computer simulation results are given for a 4 degree of freedom redundant robot under adaptive impedance control. These results indicate that the proposed controller is capable of successfully performing tasks of importance in robotic waste‐handling applications.
Expression of Antibody Fragments with a Controlled<i>N</i>-Glycosylation Pattern and Induction of Endoplasmic Reticulum-Derived Vesicles in Seeds of Arabidopsis       (2011)

Intracellular trafficking and subcellular deposition are critical factors influencing the accumulation and posttranslational modifications of proteins. In seeds, these processes are not yet fully understood. In this study, we set out to investigate the intracellular transport, final destination, N-glycosylation status, and stability of the fusion of recombinant single-chain variable fragments to the crystallizing fragment of an antibody (scFv-Fc) of two antiviral monoclonal antibodies (2G12 and HA78). The scFv-Fcs were expressed in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seeds and leaves both as secretory molecules and tagged with an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention signal. We demonstrate differential proteolytic degradation of scFv-Fcs in leaves versus seeds, with higher degradation in the latter organ. In seeds, we show that secretory versions of HA78 scFv-Fcs are targeted to the extracellular space but are deposited in newly formed ER-derived vesicles upon KDEL tagging. These results are in accordance with the obtained N-glycosylation profiles: complex-type and ER-typical oligomannosidic N-glycans, respectively. HA78 scFv-Fcs, expressed in seeds of an Arabidopsis glycosylation mutant lacking plant-specific N-glycans, exhibit custom-made human-type N-glycosylation. In contrast, 2G12 scFv-Fcs carry exclusively ER-typical oligomannosidic N-glycans and were deposited in newly formed ER-derived vesicles irrespective of the targeting signals. HA78 scFv-Fcs exhibited efficient virus neutralization activity, while 2G12 scFv-Fcs were inactive. We demonstrate the efficient generation of scFv-Fcs with a controlled N-glycosylation pattern. However, our results also reveal aberrant subcellular deposition and, as a consequence, unexpected N-glycosylation profiles. Our attempts to elucidate intracellular protein transport in seeds contributes to a better understanding of this basic cell biological mechanism and is a step toward the versatile use of Arabidopsis seeds as an alternative expression platform for pharmaceutically relevant proteins.
Combined L<sub>2</sub>/H<sub>∞</sub>model reduction (1989)

Abstract A model-reduction problem is considered which involves both L 2 (quadratic) and H ∞ (worst-case frequency-domain) aspects. Specifically, the goal of the problem is to minimize an L 2 model-reduction criterion subject to a prespecified H ∞ constraint on the model-reduction error. The principal result is a sufficient condition for characterizing reduced-order models with bounded L 2 and H ∞ approximation error. The sufficient condition involves a system of modified Riccati equations coupled by an oblique projection, i.e. idempotent matrix. When the H ∞ constraint is absent, the sufficient condition specializes to the L 2 model-reduction result given by Hyland and Bernstein (1985).
Basic methods and concepts (1990)

Intracellular Electrophysiological Techniques.- Recording and Analysis of Currents from Single Ion Channels.- Whole-Cell and Microelectrode Voltage Clamp.- Multisite Optical Measurement of Membrane Potential.- Fabrication and Implementation of Ion-Selective Microelectrodes.- In Vivo Voltammetry.
A C++ research and development environment for speech and audio processing applications (2002)

Speech and audio processing algorithms, which are based on the processing of the features and signals, are often written using poor programming styles. Understanding the existing source code and extending it is thus a time-consuming process that forces researchers to deal with programming problems instead of speech and audio processing innovations. We have developed a new system in C++ to overcome these problems. The programming techniques used in this environment allow a researcher to concentrate on innovations in an environment that still allows the rapid implementation of efficient real-time speech and audio processing applications.
The dog in health and disease. Comprising the various modes of breaking and using him for hunting, coursing, shooting, etc., and including the points or characteristics of all dogs, which are entirely rewritten, (1879)

The Smooth
ChemInform Abstract: ORGANIC REACTIONS AT ALUMINA SURFACES. ELIMINATION REACTIONS EFFECTED BY DEHYDRATED CHROMATOGRAPHIC ALUMINA (1976)

Abstract An dehydratisiertem Aluminiumoxid werden zahlreiche Tosylate in die entsprechenden Olefine übergeführt.
Evidence for an Interaction between Apolipoprotein E Genotype, Gender, and Alzheimer Disease (1999)

Carriers of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) epsilon4 allele show significantly higher risk of Alzheimer disease (AD). The aim of this present study was to test the hypothesis that a significant interaction exists between APOE genotype and gender on AD. Interactions of epsilon4 by gender, although indicated in the literature, require further verification. A total of 195 past or current control or AD participants in an ongoing longitudinal study of aging and dementia were genotyped. All subjects were at least 60 years old; demented subjects met clinical or pathologic criteria for late-onset AD. Logistic regression analysis and proportional hazard models were used to evaluate joint effects of APOE and gender. A significant statistical interaction between APOE and gender was shown (p = 0.04) in logistic regression analysis. Women carrying one or more APOE-epsilon4 allele were more likely to develop AD [odds ratio (OR) = 7.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 3.2-19. 1]. For men, the presence of the APOE-epsilon4 allele was not associated with a statistically significant increased risk (OR = 1.6, 95% CI = 0.5-5.3). The interaction term in the proportional hazards model neared (p = 0.07) statistical significance, and a similar but reduced gender effect was shown. The analysis suggests that the presence of one or more APOE-epsilon4 allele confers a substantially greater risk of AD to women than to men. These findings in part may account for reports of increased risk of AD faced by women.
A photonic crystal based sensing scheme for acetylcholine and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (2015)

We present a new scheme for sensing biomolecules by combining an enzyme hydrogel with a photonic crystal hydrogel layer that responds to ionic strength and pH changes. We demonstrate this unique combination by successfully detecting acetylcholine (ACh) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors. Specifically, the sandwich assembly is composed of layers of photonic crystals and a polyacrylamide hydrogel functionalized with AChE. The photonic crystal film has a red color and turns dark purple within 2-6 minutes of the enzymatic reaction upon analyte addition. This 3D photonic crystal sensor responds to acetylcholine in the 1 nM to 10 μM concentration range (which includes the relevant range of ACh concentrations in human body fluids). Michaelis-Menten kinetics of the enzyme were determined which correlated well with literature data demonstrating the uninhibited reactivity of the immobilized enzyme. Furthermore, the presence of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor neostigmine at concentrations as low as 1 fM was demonstrated, which is even below the necessary detection limit for clinical diagnostics. We suggest that this novel concept will find its application in clinical diagnostics, for pesticide and nerve agent detection.
Vaginal Microbiota and Sexually Transmitted Infections That May Influence Transmission of Cell-Associated HIV (2014)

Vaginal microbiota and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are likely to influence the transmission of cell-associated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Lactic acid produced by Lactobacillus-dominated microbiota (Nugent score 0-3) will likely inhibit transmission, especially female-to-male transmission. In contrast, polymicrobial microbiota (Nugent score 4-10), community state types IV-A and IV-B, and STIs will likely increase transmission of cell-associated HIV.
Optimization of polarization-scrambling frequency in lightwave systems (2008)

The polarization-scrambling technique could be used not only to suppress the polarization-induced detrimental effects in a long-haul lightwave system, but also to monitor various polarization-related parameters. However, this technique could interact with polarization-mode dispersion (PMD) and polarization-dependent loss, and then cause timing jitters, irregular intensity modulations, and PMD-induced repolarization. This problem could be substantially reduced by using the optimized scrambling frequency of about 10 kHz.
Use of Non-Specific Cleavage in Protein Digests for Modification Analysis (2001)

Facing a sequencing problem concerning the identification of an S100 protein isolated from human granulocytes, we became aware that the detection of unspecific cleavage products can be both an unavoidable analytical problem and a useful analytical tool. In human granulocytes up to 40 % of the cytosolic protein content are myeloid related proteins MRP8 and MRP14, which belong to the S100 family of calcium-binding proteins. During purification of MRP8 and MRP14 from granulocytes, another protein was co-isolated which had not been identified so far. Because of its abundance the lyophilized protein was first presented to us for analysis. However, although the MALDI and MS/MS-spectra of the in-solution tryptic digest were meaningful, no conclusive result could be produced about the identity of the protein. This was due to the fact that a number of peptides seemed to be present which shared parts of their sequence, but were not tryptic in origin. The obvious next step was MS-analysis of an in-gel-digest which indeed led to the identification of this protein as S100 calcium-binding protein A6 - calcyclin (NCBI 7657532). In granulocytes expression of S100A6 had not been described so far. Deducing from this result it became evident that the in-solution digest contained a number of unexpected peptides belonging to calcyclin. In fact, peptides possibly resulting from carboxypeptidase ladder digest, chymotryptic or other unspecific protease digest can be observed. Since a proteases inhibitor cocktail had been used to avoid proteolysis during isolation it is not clear at this point whether the presence of degradation products of calcyclin reflects biological processes.
Chlorocyclopropenes, chlorocyclopropenyl cations, and cyclopropenone (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChlorocyclopropenes, chlorocyclopropenyl cations, and cyclopropenoneRonald Breslow, Gordon Ryan, and John T. GrovesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1970, 92, 4, 988–993Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00707a041https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00707a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views559Altmetric-Citations73LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Front Cover: High‐throughput gas chromatography for volatile compounds analysis by fast temperature programming and adsorption chromatography (2017)

J. Sep. Sci. 2017, 40, 1979–1984 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700016 The cover picture shows a Porous Layer Open Tubular (PLOT) column based on adsorption chromatography, coiled in a planar form factor for fast gas chromatography.
Specificity of learning for the discrimination of sinusoidal-amplitude-modulation rate (2000)

There is evidence that the learning of tonal-frequency discrimination is specific to the trained frequency. This study examined whether learning of the discrimination of sinusoidal-amplitude-modulation (SAM) rate was also specific to the trained rate, and whether that learning was specific to the trained task. SAM-rate-discrimination thresholds of six listeners trained 1 h per day for 6 days with a 150-Hz rate improved from 24 Hz before to 12 Hz after training. Comparisons between proportional improvements of trained and control listeners revealed that trained listeners learned substantially more than controls on the trained task, but learned only slightly or no more than controls on: (1) the SAM-rate task at two untrained rates (30 and 300 Hz) and (2) three untrained tasks (tonal-frequency discrimination, ripple-noise discrimination, modulation detection) at the trained rate/frequency. Thus, as with tonal-frequency discrimination, learning of SAM-rate discrimination is specific to the trained rate. However, the mechanism(s) underlying this discrimination are probably separate from those governing tonal-frequency discrimination and other related discrimination or detection tasks. These results enhance our understanding of perceptual learning, the processing of amplitude modulation, and the perception of pitch. [Work supported by NIDCD.]