gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Sesquiterpene Lactones by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (1980)

High performance liquid chromatography on octyl- and octadecyl-silica (RP-8 and RP-18) stationary phases offers an efficient and rapid method for analysis of sesquiterpene lactones. A mixture of 11 lactones was analyzed using gradient elution with increasing acetonitrile concentra­tion in water and monitoring the column effluent at 210 nm with an UV detector. The described method has been applied to the determination of costunolide in a crude extract from leaves of Laurus nobilis.
Intensity and frequency noise properties of multi-Watt single frequency VECSEL with and without active stabilization (2014)

We demonstrate the highest free running single frequency power from a single chip VECSEL reported to date, with more than 15W in continuous operation at room temperature. The GaAs-based structure presents an emission wavelength of 1020nm and a tuning range <15nm, with a continuous tunability of 9GHz. The TEM<sub>00</sub> output beam exhibits very low transverse phase fluctuations across the entire mode, leading to a beam quality M<sup>2</sup> <1.2. To identify and reduce the different sources of noise, the relative intensity noise and frequency noise spectral density are investigated and the intensity and the frequency of the laser were independently stabilized. The laser frequency is controlled and tuned varying the cavity length using a high bandwidth piezoelectric element while intensity fluctuations are reduced by varying the pump intensity. Intrinsic and stabilized frequency and intensity noise are compared.
Predictive Value of Morphological Features in Patients with Autism versus Normal Controls (2012)

We investigated the predictive power of morphological features in 224 autistic patients and 224 matched-pairs controls. To assess the relationship between the morphological features and autism, we used the receiver operator curves (ROC). In addition, we used recursive partitioning (RP) to determine a specific pattern of abnormalities that is characteristic for the difference between autistic children and typically developing controls. The present findings showed that morphological features are significantly increased in patients with autism. Using ROC and RP, some of the morphological measures also led to strong predictive accuracy. Facial asymmetry, multiple hair whorls and prominent forehead significantly differentiated patients with autism from controls. Future research on multivariable risk prediction models may benefit from the use of morphological features.
The Reaction of Styrofoam to Insecticides12 (1970)

Journal Article The Reaction of Styrofoam to Insecticides Get access J. W. Slominski, J. W. Slominski Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar W. L. Gojmerac, W. L. Gojmerac Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar W. E. Burkholder W. E. Burkholder Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 63, Issue 3, 1 June 1970, Pages 998–999, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/63.3.998a Published: 01 June 1970 Article history Received: 29 August 1969 Published: 01 June 1970
Designing concrete for durability (2001)

Some of the factors affecting the durability of modern concrete structures are discussed, with an emphasis on the problems caused by modern portland cements. This is followed by a description of some concrete durability issues of current interest, such as plastic shrinkage, seawater attack, and sulfate attack. The strategies for testing for durability are also discussed. It is concluded that, to produce durable concretes, a holistic approach to concrete construction must be adopted.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of a Phosphonic Analogue of (‐)‐allo‐Norcoronamic Acid. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Polymerization of methacrylamide in the presence of ultrasound and peroxomonosulphate (2000)

Polymerization of methacrylamide has been carried out in the presence of ultrasound and peroxomonosulphate for the first time. The rate of polymerization and the rate of disappearance of peroxomonosulphate were followed simultaneously. A first order dependence on monomer and half order dependence with respect to peroxomonosulphate were found towards rate of polymerization. However, a first-order dependence on peroxomonosulphate was noted with rate of peroxomonosulphate disappearance. A suitable reaction scheme is suggested to fit with the experimental results. The composite rate constants for the polymerization were evaluated and compared for acrylamide and methacrylamide polymerization in the presence of ultrasound. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 76: 524–529, 2000
Evaluation of Super Paramagnetic Iron Oxide-Enhanced Diffusion-Weighted PROPELLER T2-Fast Spin Echo Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2006)

Super paramagnetic iron oxide-enhanced DWI PROPELLER T2-FSE is useful for detecting small hepatic metastases.
Recovery and STR Amplification of DNA from RFLP Membranes* (2008)

Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) techniques were utilized in the forensic DNA community until the mid 1990s when less labor-intensive polymerase chain reaction short tandem repeat (PCR STR) techniques became available. During the transition from RFLP technology to PCR-based STR platforms, a method for comparing RFLP profiles to STR profiles was not developed. While the preferred approach for applying new technology to old cases would be to analyze the original biological stain, this is not always possible. For unsolved cases that previously underwent RFLP analysis, the only DNA remaining may be restriction cut and bound to nylon membranes. These studies investigate several methods for obtaining STR profiles from membrane bound DNA, including removal of bound DNA with bases, acids, detergents, various chemicals, and conventional cell extraction solutions. Direct multiplex STR amplification of template in the membrane-bound state was also explored. A partial STR profile was obtained from DNA that was recovered from an archived membrane using conventional extraction buffer components, indicating promise for recovering useful STR information from RFLP membranes that have been maintained in long-term frozen storage.
Fludarabine and rituximab for relapsed or refractory hairy cell leukemia (2012)

The purine analogs, pentostatin and cladribine, induce high remission rates when used as first-line monotherapy for hairy cell leukemia (HCL); however, patients continue to relapse. Re-treatment with the same or alternate purine analog produces lower response rates and a shorter duration of response. Fludarabine is another purine analog widely used in indolent lymphoid cancers, often in combination with rituximab, but there are few reports of its use in HCL. We identified 15 patients treated in British Columbia with fludarabine and rituximab (FR) from 2004 to 2010 for relapsed/refractory HCL after first-line cladribine (n = 3) or after multiple lines of therapy (n = 12). All patients with available response data responded to FR. With median follow-up of 35 months, 14 patients remain progression-free, whereas 1 patient has developed progressive leukemia and died. Five-year progression-free and overall survivals are 89% and 83%, respectively. FR is a safe and effective therapeutic option for relapsed/refractory HCL.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESES AND STEREOCHEMISTRY OF AMIDOXIMES (1981)

Abstract Bei der Umsetzung der Hydroxam‐ säurechloride (I) mit den Aminen (II) entstehen die Amidoxime (III), die auch aus den Hydroxamsäureestern (IV) erhalten werden können.
Synthesis of Trisubstituted Alkenes via Olefin Cross-Metathesis (1999)

[formula: see text] Trisubstituted alkenes have been prepared for the first time via intermolecular olefin cross-metathesis, using 1,3-dimesityl-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene ruthenium alkylidene complexes 3a,b in good yields with moderate E selectivity. In addition, protected alcohols near the geminal disubstituted olefin improve reactivity for cross-metathesis.
Anti-parietal cell autoantibodies (PCA) in primary biliary cirrhosis: a putative marker for recurrence after orthotopic liver transplantation? (2010)

Although unspecific for the diagnosis of PBC, anti-PCA prevalence increased after OLT, and was 100% in patients with recurrent PBC. Recurrent PBC developed in 54% of patients with anti-PCA before OLT suggesting a diagnostic role of anti-PCA as a simple and cost effective marker of recurrence.
ChemInform Abstract: VINYL ORTHOFORMATES AND VINYL ACETALS PART 3, THE REACTIONS OF ALKENYL ACETALS AND 1‐ALKENYLOXYALKYL CARBOXYLATES WITH CARBOXYLIC ACIDS (1973)

Abstract β‐Chloralkylacetale, die nach Literaturmethoden dargestellt wurden, liefern ′nach Eliminierung von HCl mittels NaH in Diglyme bzw.‐ 1,2‐Dimethoxyäthan die Alkylacetale (I‐II).
ChemInform Abstract: FEHLSEQUENZEN IN DER FESTPHASENSYNTH. VON POLYPEPTIDEN (1970)

Abstract Die Anzahl der Fehlsequenzen in der Peptidsynthese nach Merrifield kann durch Acetylierung der nicht reagierenden Aminogruppen oder durch Gebrauch von speziell bereiteten Harz‐beschichteten Glasperlen beträchtlich verringert werden.
Thymic Selection Generates T Cells Expressing Self-Reactive TCRs in the Absence of CD45 (2000)

The CD45 protein tyrosine phosphatase regulates Ag receptor signaling in T and B cells. In the absence of CD45, TCR coupling to downstream signaling cascades is profoundly reduced. Moreover, in CD45-null mice, the maturation of CD4+CD8+ thymocytes into CD4+CD8- or CD4-CD8+ thymocytes is severely impaired. These findings suggest that thymic selection may not proceed normally in CD45-null mice, and may be biased in favor of thymocytes expressing TCRs with strong reactivity toward self-MHC-peptide ligands to compensate for debilitated TCR signaling. To test this possibility, we purified peripheral T cells from CD45-null mice and fused them with the BWalpha-beta- thymoma to generate hybridomas expressing normal levels of TCR and CD45. The reactivity of these hybridomas to self or foreign MHC-peptide complexes was assessed by measuring the amount of IL-2 secreted upon stimulation with syngeneic or allogeneic splenocytes. A very high proportion (55%) of the hybridomas tested reacted against syngeneic APCs, indicating that the majority of T cells in CD45-null mice express TCRs with high avidity for self-MHC-peptide ligands, and are thus potentially autoreactive. Furthermore, a large proportion of TCRs selected in CD45-null mice (H-2b) were also shown to display reactivity toward closely related MHC-peptide complexes, such as H-2bm12. These results support the notion that modulating the strength of TCR-mediated signals can alter the outcome of thymic selection, and demonstrate that CD45, by molding the window of affinity/avidity for positive and negative selection, directly participates in the shaping of the T cell repertoire.
Turbine Inlet Temperature Measurements in an 8200 KW Gas Turbine Using Water Vapor Emission (2021)

Abstract The measurement of turbine inlet temperature is challenging because of high temperatures and complicated physical access, but continuous measurement of the turbine inlet temperature is very important for maximizing turbine efficiency and increasing durability. This paper provides in situ turbine rotor inlet temperature measurements in an 8200 kW operating gas turbine engine. The measurements were obtained using integrated spectral infrared emission from the water vapor of the combustion gases entering the turbine rotor. The method utilizes a sapphire optical fiber to convey the signal from the turbine wall to outside the turbine casing. All components are capable of long-term exposure to the turbine operating conditions. The temperature measurements were obtained at 6 operating conditions between 50% and full load. The turbine rotor inlet temperature temperature was also determined using more than 20 test cell inputs and Solar Turbine's commercial test cell engine model. The two temperatures (measured and modeled) were within 11 K (less than 1%) across the load sweep. Uncertainty calculations suggest that the uncertainty of the measurement can be expected to be ±2.9% within a confidence interval of 95%. The method also yields the nozzle guide vane surface temperature, which was found to increase monotonically with increasing load.
Aus der Sicht des Synthetikers: Palladiumkomplexe N‐heterocyclischer Carbene als Katalysatoren für Kreuzkupplungen (2007)

Abstract Palladiumkatalysierte C‐C‐ und C‐N‐Kupplungen zählen zu den vielseitigsten und leistungsfähigsten Syntheseverfahren. Seit 15 Jahren erfreuen sich die N‐heterocyclischen Carbene (NHCs) wachsender Beliebtheit als Liganden für palladiumvermittelte Kreuzkupplungen und ähnliche Methoden. Sie sind in vielerlei Hinsicht den üblichen tertiären Phosphanen überlegen. Weil NHCs stark σ‐elektronenschiebend sind, können sie auch anspruchsvolle Substrate zu oxidativen Insertionen bewegen. Andererseits führen ihre Sperrigkeit und ihre besondere Topologie zu einer raschen reduktiven Eliminierung. Schließlich tragen die starken Pd‐NHC‐Bindungen zur hohen Stabilität der aktiven Spezies bei – auch bei niedrigen Ligand/Pd‐Verhältnissen und hohen Temperaturen. Wenn erst stabile, anwenderfreundliche und leistungsstarke NHC‐Pd‐Präkatalysatoren kommerziell verfügbar sind, liegt das Ziel eines universellen Kreuzkupplungskatalysators in greifbarer Nähe. Dieser Aufsatz beschreibt zunächst die chemischen Grundlagen zu den NHC‐Pd‐Komplexen, um ihre Besonderheiten kennenzulernen. Anschließend folgt eine umfassende Diskussion zur Anwendung dieser Katalysatoren in C‐C‐ und C‐N‐Kreuzkupplungen sowie in der Carbopalladierung.
The study of antibody responses to influenza neuraminidase using a lentiviral pseudotype based ELLA (2017)

Abstract Influenza pseudotypes represent an alternative to wild type virus for serological assays. To date, pseudotypes (PV) have predominantly been used as surrogates for wild type viruses in microneutralisation assays, where the surface glycoprotein of interest and a reporter gene (such as Luciferase) are used to assess if virus entry into target cells could be inhibited by serum antibodies. The influenza neuraminidase (NA) has the ability to bud and release new virions with or without the contribution of Haemagglutinin (HA). Influenza pseudotypes expressing NA alone, or with HA, were produced to evaluate the antibody response against NA using the enzyme-linked lectin assay (ELLA). The expression of an avian HA with human NAs has enabled the detection of specific antibody reponses against the human circulating subtypes of NA. Within this study a PV-based ELLA assay has been investigated with a pilot panel of sera prepared for an international CONSISE study. Preliminary results have confirmed that the assay is sensitive and could potentially represent a valid alternative to the classical ELLA assay, which requires the employment of reassortant viruses.
Treatment of Cytomegalovirus Retinitis with an Intraocular Sustained-Release Ganciclovir Implant: A Randomized Controlled Trial (1995)

Martin, D F; Parks, D J; Mellow, S D; Walton, R C; Remaley, N A; Chew, E Y; Ashton, P; Davis, M D; Nussenblatt, R B
Optical assessment of cutaneous blood volume depends on the vessel size distribution: a computer simulation study (2009)

A Monte Carlo simulation was adapted to specify a skin model with pigmented epidermis, dermis with low baseline blood content, and vessels of a vascular lesion with an average added blood volume fraction of 5%. In the study, the lesion vessel diameters were increased and the number of lesion vessels decreased, such that the total lesion blood content was constant. The results show that reflectance (R) increases as vessel size increases, even though the blood content is constant. Light cannot penetrate effectively into larger blood vessels, so the interior of the vessel becomes less visible to the light - a result known in the literature. This study did repeated random placement of vessels to learn the variation in R due to variable vessel placement. The coefficient of variation was about 10% due to random placement. R varies with size, even with small vessels, and does not simply apply to large vessels.
Transient ultrasonic guided waves in layered plates with rectangular cross section (2003)

Transient ultrasonic guided waves in anisotropic layered plates with finite and infinite width are presented in this article. A semianalytical finite-element method is adopted to study the guided waves in both infinite- and finite-width elastic plates. Three-noded beam elements in the thickness direction are used in infinite plate model, whereas the cross section of the finite-width plate is represented by nine-noded quadrilateral elements. Propagation in the axial direction is modeled by analytical wave functions. Elastodynamic Green’s functions are derived using modal summation in the frequency–wave number and time–space domains. Results for dispersion and transient analysis of guided waves in infinite nickel plates are presented and compared with those of finite-width plates. Group velocities are calculated and wave arrival times are computed for different plate cross sections. Numerical results show a significant influence of the plate aspect ratio on the dispersion and transient wave response. The complex natures of mode dispersion and propagation due to several mode excitation in finite-width plates require such quantitative analysis to afford easy interpretation. These results play a role of guidance for nondestructive material evaluation.
Joint Sparse Representation of Brain Activity Patterns in Multi-Task fMRI Data (2014)

A single-task functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment may only partially highlight alterations to functional brain networks affected by a particular disorder. Multivariate analysis across multiple fMRI tasks may increase the sensitivity of fMRI-based diagnosis. Prior research using multi-task analysis in fMRI, such as those that use joint independent component analysis (jICA), has mainly assumed that brain activity patterns evoked by different tasks are independent. This may not be valid in practice. Here, we use sparsity, which is a natural characteristic of fMRI data in the spatial domain, and propose a joint sparse representation analysis (jSRA) method to identify common information across different functional subtraction (contrast) images in data from a multi-task fMRI experiment. Sparse representation methods do not require independence, or that the brain activity patterns be nonoverlapping. We use functional subtraction images within the joint sparse representation analysis to generate joint activation sources and their corresponding sparse modulation profiles. We evaluate the use of sparse representation analysis to capture individual differences with simulated fMRI data and with experimental fMRI data. The experimental fMRI data was acquired from 16 young (age: 19-26) and 16 older (age: 57-73) adults obtained from multiple speech comprehension tasks within subjects, where an independent measure (namely, age in years) can be used to differentiate between groups. Simulation results show that this method yields greater sensitivity, precision, and higher Jaccard indexes (which measures similarity and diversity of the true and estimated brain activation sources) than does the jICA method. Moreover, superiority of the jSRA method in capturing individual differences was successfully demonstrated using experimental fMRI data.
Oxygen-18 Studies of the Mechanism of the α-Chymotrypsin-catalyzed Hydrolysis of Esters<sup>1</sup> (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxygen-18 Studies of the Mechanism of the α-Chymotrypsin-catalyzed Hydrolysis of Esters1Myron L. Bender and Kenneth C. KempCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1957, 79, 1, 111–116Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01558a029https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01558a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views139Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Displacement of a η<sup>6</sup>‐Arene by η<sup>5</sup>‐Cyclopentadienide. Synthesis and Structure of [(η<sup>5</sup>‐C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)Ni(C<sub>6</sub>F<sub>5</sub>)<sub>2</sub>][(C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>4</sub>N]. (1986)

Abstract Die aufgezeigte Reaktion führt erstmalig durch direkten, totalen Austausch des Arens zu der Titelverbindung (II), die mit Z=2 in der RG PT kristallisiert.
Study of Antibacterial Activity of a Green Alga, Caulerpa Sertularioides from the Persian Gulf (2008)

Background: Development of antibiotic resistance is one of the most common problems in medicine. Thus, discovering of new antibacterial compounds is interesting. Marine algae are rich sources of bioactive metabolites that could be effective as antimicrobial agents. The aim of this in-vitro study, was to test for antibacterial activity of a green alga, Caulerpa sertularioides from the Persian Gulf. Methods: The extract from C. sertularioides was prepared by 20 minutes boiling of alga in 20% glycerine solution and it was then sterilized using the filteration. A bacterial concentration of 500000 colony forming units (CFU)/ml of Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 14990) as a gram positive or Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) as a gram negative bacterium were tested with different concentrations of the extract in Mueller-Hinton broth for evaluation of antibacterial effect. Controls without the extract were treated by the same way. Results. The extract showed antibacterial activity against S. epidermidis and E. coli in the concentrations of 34 mg/ml and 27.2 mg/ml, respectively. Conclusion:C. sertularioides could be a suitable source for isolation of antibacterial compounds and furthert in-vivo investigations.