gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photoluminescence of ZnSe:Ag single crystals (1999)

Abstract Photoluminescence (PL) and photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectra of n-ZnSe single crystals doped with Ag were investigated in the temperature range from 82 to 300 K. It has been established that the high-temperature annealing of the crystals in Zn+Ag melt with small content of Ag enhances intensities of all the bands in the PL spectrum. However, starting with the concentration of 2 at% Ag in Zn melt, the intensity of the donor-bound exciton band (2.788 eV) with Agi as a donor (ED=0.025 eV) decreases. This is stipulated by delocalization of impurity electron states and by formation of a donor impurity band. With the increase of Ag concentration in Zn+Ag melt, the most intensive exciton band shifts towards the low energies and its structure becomes more complicated. PL bands at 1.984 and 2.246 eV, intensities of which depend on Ag content in the doping melt, appear in the long-wave region of the spectrum. Both bands are excited by radiation from the impurity absorption region. The nature of radiative centers, its structure and the mechanisms of radiative recombination are discussed on the ground of complex investigation of PL, PLE spectra, lux-brightness characteristics and temperature quenching features of the observed bands.
Playback Losses and the Design of Wide-Band Phonograph Pickups (1971)

Mechanical playback losses in phonographs fall into two categories, termed pickup loss and scanning loss. Pickup loss is due to resonances in the mechanical system formed by the tone arm, pickup, and compliant groove walls. Scanning loss, on the other hand, arises because of the finite areas of contact between the stylus and each of the groove walls. Pickup loss can be reduced to arbitrarily low levels by making the driving-point impedance of the stylus much smaller than the groove impedance. Scanning loss, however, can be reduced only by reducing the effective interaction, or scanning, area between the stylus and the groove wall. The rational design of wideband phonograph pickups will be discussed in light of our present understanding of these losses.
Finite-volume matrix Hamiltonian model for a<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>Δ</mml:mi><mml:mo>→</mml:mo><mml:mi>N</mml:mi><mml:mi>π</mml:mi></mml:math>system (2013)

A matrix Hamiltonian model is developed to address the finite-volume effects appearing in studies of baryon resonances in lattice QCD. The Hamiltonian model includes interaction terms in a transparent way and can be readily generalized to address multichannel problems. The eigenvalue equation of the model is exactly solvable and can be matched onto chiral effective field theory. The model is investigated in the case of $\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}N\ensuremath{\pi}$ scattering. A robust method for determining the resonance parameters from lattice QCD is developed. It involves constraining the free parameters of the model based on the lattice spectrum in question. The method is tested in the context of a set of pseudodata, and a picture of the model dependence is obtained by examining a variety of regularization schemes in the model. A comparison is made with the L\"uscher method, and it is found that the matrix Hamiltonian method is equally robust. Both methods are tested in a more realistic scenario, where a background interaction corresponding to direct $N\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\leftrightarrow}N\ensuremath{\pi}$ scattering is incorporated into the pseudodata. The resulting extraction of the resonance parameters associated with the $\ensuremath{\Delta}$ baryon resonance provides evidence that an effective field theory style of approach yields a successful realization of finite-volume effects in the context of baryon resonances.
Determination of trace water in materials of thermal battery by differential scanning calorimetry (2002)

A new method to determination of trace water content in battery material by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was introduced. The principle of the new method is to detemine the water content in materials indirectly by determining the evaporation heat of distilled water and the water in materials. The standard deviation range of the water content in four materials determined by the method is within 0.02%- 0.08%. The experimental results show that the heat peak in DSC curves is resulted from water evaporation. Comparing with the Karl Fischerd method and the gravimetric method, the DSC method has many advantages, such as accuracy, quickness, convenience and small sampling amount, so it is suitable for the determination of water content in moisture absorption materials.
The Hip and Its Disorders (1990)

A comprehensive book on the hip, written by over 60 leading orthopaedic surgeons. The book covers virtually all important topics concerning the hip and its disorders, ranging from growth and development, disease states and trauma, to surgery and rehabilitation. The authors offer an overview of each topic, presenting various different approaches to a problem, along with their preferred approach to treatment of the paediatric and adult hip. The book covers total hip replacement in detail and discusses the anatomy, embryology and biomechanics of the hip. It covers problems encountered by all age groups, describes treatments for tumours arthridites, infection, metabolic diseases, and disorders of growth and development.
Indium Tin Oxide Films: State-of-the-Art In Synthesis and Properties (1995)

Indium tin oxide (ITO) films, the foundation of the burgeoning flat Panel display (FPD) industry, are Produred commercially by various
Magnetic Field Structure in the Radio Core of BL Lac: Variable Core Rotation Measure and Detection of a Jet Boundary Layer (2005)

We have monitored the morphology and magnetic field structure of BL Lac’s parsec-scale radio jet at nine epochs from 1998.7 2002.5 using the VLBA. The jet components all have low rotation measure (RM) and nearly perpendicular magnetic field structure at all epochs, consistent with transverse shocks and little foreground thermal gas. In contrast, the core has high variable RM, up to 8,200 rad-m at some epochs, but the true RM may be underestimated by blending from emerging jet components. We also detected weak peripheral emission surrounding the main jet at some epochs with nearly parallel magnetic field and high fractional polarization. We suggest this may be a boundary layer caused by interaction with the ambient medium. Finally we searched for a 2.3 yr periodic variation in the structural position angle (SPA) of the innermost core component of BL Lac, as reported by Stirling et al. (2003). Although we found several possible periodicities, including one near the period reported by Stirling et al., our data are also consistent with no position angle variations.
Çocuklarda İndirekt laminat Kompozit Veneerler: İki Olgu (2012)

Bu vaka raporunun amacı estetik problemli üst çene daimi sol santral dişlerin indirekt kompozit laminate veneer kuronlarla restorasyonunun klinik başarısını değerlendirmektir. Bu vaka raporunda estetik beklentileri yüksek olan biri travma görmüş, diğeri mine hipoplazili iki hastanın indirekt laminate veneer kuronlarla tedavisi anlatılmaktadır. Laboratuar işlemleri tamamlanan indirek restorasyonlar dual cure bir rezin siman ile dişlere simante edilmiştir. 24 aylık takip periyodu sonunda estetik problemli üst çene santral dişlerde indirek restorasyonların kullanımının avantaj sağlayacağı düşünülebilir. Bu tür restorasyonlar konservatiftir ve düşük maliyetleri ile diğer restorasyon tekniklerine (tam seramik, metal destekli porselen gibi) alternatif olabilir.
A Three-dimensional Collagen Lattice Induces Protein Kinase C-ζ Activity: Role in α2 Integrin and Collagenase mRNA Expression (1997)

A three-dimensional collagen lattice can provide skin fibroblasts with a cell culture environment that simulates normal dermis. Such a collagen matrix environment regulates interstitial collagenase (type I metalloproteinase [MMP-1], collagenase-1) and collagen receptor alpha2 subunit mRNA expression in both unstimulated or platelet-derived growth factor-stimulated dermal fibroblasts (Xu, J., and R.A.F. Clark. 1996. J. Cell Biol. 132:239-249). Here we report that the collagen gel can signal protein kinase C (PKC)-zeta activation in human dermal fibroblasts. An in vitro kinase assay demonstrated that autophosphorylation of PKC-zeta immunoprecipitates was markedly increased by a collagen matrix. In contrast, no alteration in PKC-zeta protein levels or intracellular location was observed. DNA binding activity of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB), a downstream regulatory target of PKC-zeta, was also increased by fibroblasts grown in collagen gel. The composition of the NF-kappaB/Rel complexes that contained p50, was not changed. The potential role of PKC-zeta in collagen gel-induced mRNA expression of collagen receptor alpha2 subunit and human fibroblast MMP-1 was assessed by the following evidence. Increased levels of alpha2 and MMP-1 mRNA in collagen gel-stimulated fibroblasts were abrogated by bisindolylmaleimide GF 109203X and calphostin C, chemical inhibitors for PKC, but retained when cells were depleted of 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-inducible PKC isoforms by 24 h of pretreatment with phorbol PMA. Antisense oligonucleotides complementary to the 5' end of PKC-zeta mRNA sequences significantly reduced the collagen lattice-stimulated alpha2 and MMP-1 mRNA levels. Taken together, these data indicate that PKC-zeta, a PKC isoform not inducible by PMA or diacylglycerol, is a component of collagen matrix stimulatory pathway for alpha2 and MMP-1 mRNA expression. Thus, a three-dimensional collagen lattice maintains the dermal fibroblast phenotype, in part, through the activation of PKC-zeta.
Survey on Teaching Science to K-12 Students with Disabilities: Teacher Preparedness and Attitudes (2014)

Students with disabilities are increasingly included in general education science classrooms and are expected to demonstrate academic proficiency on standardized assessments. Teacher preparation and attitudes have been cited as major factors contributing to either the success or failure of students with disabilities in science. In order to assess the current state of what could be facilitative or inhibitory influences, a national online survey to which 1,088 K-12 science teachers responded was conducted. Mixed methods’ analyses suggest that science teachers receive little formal training and feel underprepared to teach students with disabilities. Results identify specific gaps in science teachers’ education, as well as attitudinal and institutional barriers that may inhibit students with disabilities’ success. However, science teachers remain highly receptive to training and collaboration. Implications for science teacher education are discussed.
Beneficial effects of transplanting normal limb‐bud mesenchyme into dystrophic mouse muscles (1982)

A new technique is being developed to remedy muscle weakness of hereditary myopathies. Mesenchymal cells dissected from limb-buds of day-12 normal mouse embryos were transplanted into the right solei of 20-day-old normal or dystrophic C56BL/6J-dy2J mice. Host and donors were immunocompatible. Unoperated left solei served as controls. Sham control solei receiving similar surgical treatment but no mesenchyme transplant did not differ from contralateral, unoperated solei. Six to seven months postoperatively the test solei (8 normal and 15 dystrophic) exhibited greater cross-sectional area, total fiber number, and twitch and tetanus tensions than their contralateral controls. Test dystrophic solei contained more normal-appearing and less abnormal-appearing fibers than their controls. Their mean fiber resting potential was intermediate between those of normal and dystrophic controls. There is no difference in twitch time course between test and control solei. The results indicate that such transplantation improves the structure and function of the dystrophic muscles.
Engineered pairs of distinct photoswitches for optogenetic control of cellular proteins (2015)

Optogenetic methods take advantage of photoswitches to control the activity of cellular proteins. Here, we completed a multi-directional engineering of the fungal photoreceptor Vivid to develop pairs of distinct photoswitches named Magnets. These new photoswitches were engineered to recognize each other based on the electrostatic interactions, thus preventing homodimerization and enhancing light-induced heterodimerization. Furthermore, we tuned the switch-off kinetics by four orders of magnitude and developed several variants, including those with substantially faster kinetics than any of the other conventional dimerization-based blue spectrum photoswitches. We demonstrate the utility of Magnets as powerful tools that can optogenetically manipulate molecular processes in biological systems.
From Talmud folios to Web sites: HOT pages, COOL pages, and the information plenum (1998)

Home pages and Web sites remind us that once, before the printed page was HOT in the McLuhan (1965) sense, there were also COOL, nonlinear, interactive pages. Interfaces and Web pages resemble Talmud folios in interesting ways. Moreover, HOT pages and COOL pages represent competing notions of communication: the Hellenistic model, in which the world is an information vacuum to be filled by the communicator, and the Talmudic model, in which the world is an information plenum, absolutely full of knowledge and requiring guides and navigators.
The Effects of Substrate Orientation on Epitaxial Growth (1965)

The effect of substrate orientation on the quality of silicon epitaxial layers was studied in terms of deposition rate and surface topography. The layer was deposited by the hydrogen reduction of silicon tetrachloride. Deposition rate was determined from the time of deposition and from the layer thickness obtained by angle lapping and staining. Deposition rate was lowest on accurately oriented 〈111〉 substrates and increased as the degree of misorientation from the 〈111〉 direction increased. The frequently observed surface pyramid defect was found to be a function of (a) deposition rate and (b) substrate orientation. These pyramidal defects were not observed for low deposition rates, and when the substrate was misoriented from the 〈111〉 direction. These observations are consistent with the proposal that the deposition rate used in practice is determined by two fundamental rate processes, namely, (a) reaction rate and (b) growth rate.
Oral Acyclovir for Prevention of Herpes Simplex Virus Reactivation After Marrow Transplantation (1984)

Oral acyclovir was found to be safe and effective for the prevention of herpes simplex virus reactivation after marrow transplantation in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Acyclovir or placebo was administered to 49 patients for 5 weeks beginning 1 week before transplantation: 5 of 24 patients receiving acyclovir developed herpes simplex virus infection during prophylaxis, compared to 17 of 25 patients receiving placebo (p less than 0.01). The median time to first virus reactivation was significantly longer among patients receiving acyclovir (78 days versus 9 days after transplant, p = 0.006). The effect was even more pronounced when the analysis was adjusted for drug compliance: Among patients taking a minimum of 40% of their prescribed drug, acyclovir was 96% virologically effective and 100% clinically effective during the period of administration. Acyclovir use was also associated with significantly more rapid marrow engraftment in patients receiving methotrexate. No virus resistant to acyclovir was isolated. Oral acyclovir provides effective prophylaxis against reactivation of herpes simplex virus among severely immunosuppressed patients able to take orally administered drugs.
<i>Eggerthella Lenta</i> Bacteremia in a Crohn‘s Disease Patient After Ileocecal Resection (2011)

Eggerthella lenta is an anaerobic, nonspore-forming Gram-positive rod and is a common gut commensal. Bacteremia from this organism is rare but when present is always clinically significant. Gastrointestinal disease and malignancy are the most common causes for bacteremia from this organism. Eggerthella species have been isolated in feces from patients with inflammatory bowel disease, but bacteremia has not been reported to the best of our knowledge. Here we report the case of a young African-American female with Crohn's disease who developed Eggerthella lenta bacteremia after ileocaecal resection.
Upregulation of c- <i>MYC</i> in <i>cis</i> through a Large Chromatin Loop Linked to a Cancer Risk-Associated Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism in Colorectal Cancer Cells (2010)

Genome-wide association studies have mapped many single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are linked to cancer risk, but the mechanism by which most SNPs promote cancer remains undefined. The rs6983267 SNP at 8q24 has been associated with many cancers, yet the SNP falls 335 kb from the nearest gene, c-MYC. We show that the beta-catenin-TCF4 transcription factor complex binds preferentially to the cancer risk-associated rs6983267(G) allele in colon cancer cells. We also show that the rs6983267 SNP has enhancer-related histone marks and can form a 335-kb chromatin loop to interact with the c-MYC promoter. Finally, we show that the SNP has no effect on the efficiency of chromatin looping to the c-MYC promoter but that the cancer risk-associated SNP enhances the expression of the linked c-MYC allele. Thus, cancer risk is a direct consequence of elevated c-MYC expression from increased distal enhancer activity and not from reorganization/creation of the large chromatin loop. The findings of these studies support a mechanism for intergenic SNPs that can promote cancer through the regulation of distal genes by utilizing preexisting large chromatin loops.
Guidelines for intrapartum midwifery-led care (2002)

This article describes the collaborative process which led to the production of guidelines for midwifery-led intrapartum care in Southampton. The guidelines were formulated specifically for women deemed to be at low risk of developing problems in childbirth. Although the principles of flexible, women-centred care and midwifery accountability receive explicit support in national strategies and initiatives, locally the project was set against the background of medical dominance. With the aim of promoting ownership, a collaborative and facilitative approach was taken, and users of the service were included. Over a period of almost a year, use of a structured method led to the formulation of 12 guidelines and standards. Debates involving users and professionals were held to negotiate agreement on contentious issues. Audit of individual guidelines (including views of service users) is currently being undertaken to assess the success of the innovation.
Detection of distinct Epstein‐Barr virus genotypes in NPC biopsies from Southern Chinese and Caucasians (1992)

Abstract Using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to analyze paraffin sections from 12 Caucasian patients, we detected only the prototype F Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) in 10 specimens from patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). This is in contrast to the higher frequency of association of “f” variants in NPC biopsies from Southern Chinese. The results of EBV genotyping support evidence that the EBV strains associated with NPC in the Southern Chinese population differ from those found in Caucasians. DNA sequencing confirmed that a simple point mutation is responsible for the restriction‐fragment‐ length polymorphism which distinguishes the prototype F virus from the “f” variant. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Catalytic activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction of edges in Janus monolayer MoXY (X/Y = S, Se, and Te) (2018)

Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have been regarded as the most promising low-cost alternatives to noble metals as catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, their limited catalytically active sites for the HER hinder their practical application. In this paper, the catalytic performances of the edge sites of Janus monolayer MoXY (X/Y = S, Se and Te) were investigated using density functional theory. The results show that both the Mo-edge and chalcogen atomic edges of Janus monolayer MoXY are catalytically active for the HER; thus Janus monolayer MoXY exhibits better catalytic performance than monolayer MoS2. These results are useful for the improvement of the catalytic performance of TMDs by the formation of the Janus monolayer MoXY.
Standardization and phytochemical investigation of Berberis aristata (2012)

Berberis aristata DC (Berberidaceae) is used in Indian traditional medicine. It is locally known as Chitra and Dar-Hald in Hindi, and Dar-E-Hald in Urdu, is a spinous shrub native to mountainous parts of North India and Nepal. It contains Berberine as a major constituent which is an isoquinoline alkaloid. It also contains flavanoids and other poly phenols. It is used as antibacterial, antidiarrhoeal, ophthalmic, skin diseases, diabetes mellitus, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activities. From the present investigation an attempt has been made to standardize Berberis aristata by using macroscopy and microscopic characters, powder microscopy, fluorescence analysis, quantitative and physicochemical values. The studies will provide referential information for correct identification of crude drug.
The reverse laser drilling of transparent materials (1980)

Within a limited range of incident laser-beam intensities, laser drilling of a sapphire wafer initiates on the surface of the wafer where the laser beam exits and proceeds upstream in the laser beam to the surface where the laser beam enters the wafer. This reverse laser drilling is the result of the constructive interference between the laser beam and its reflected component on the exit face of the wafer. Constructive interference occurs only at the exit face of the sapphire wafer because the internally reflected laser beam suffers no phase change there. A model describing reverse laser drilling predicts the ranges of incident laser-beam intensity where no drilling, reverse laser drilling, and forward laser drilling can be expected in various materials. The application of reverse laser drilling in fabricating feed-through conductors in silicon-on-sapphire wafers for a massively parallel processor is described.