gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A solute binding protein of<i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>iron transport (2003)

Streptococcus pneumoniae causes considerable morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Iron acquisition is an important virulence factor for bacterial pathogens. Two loci, piu and pia, were identified as responsible for the hemoglobin utilization of S. pneumoniae. The binding activity and surface accessibility of the solute binding protein of PiuA were studied. PiuA is a lipoprotein, binds hemin and hemoglobin, resides on the cytoplasmic membrane, and is not exposed on the surface of S. pneumoniae. The localization of PiuA has implications in its role in hemoglobin utilization and possible use as a pneumococcal vaccine.
ChemInform Abstract: Ultrafiltration Membranes for the Separation of Catalyst and Products in Homogeneous Catalysis Systems. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Angiotensin‐converting enzyme gene polymorphism in relation to HLA‐DR in sarcoidosis (2002)

This study does not support an association between ACE genotype and sarcoidosis or disease outcome. However, because significantly (P < 0.001) more DR17 positive (17 of 19) than DR14/15 positive (seven of 26) patients were classified as nonchronic, these results instead strengthen the prognostic importance of HLA-DR alleles in Scandinavian sarcoidosis patients.
Evaluation of an alert system for selective dissemination of broadcast news (2003)

This paper describes the evaluation of the system for selective dissemination of Broadcast News that we developed in the context of the European project ALERT. Each component of the main processing block of our system was evaluated separately, using the ALERT corpus. Likewise, the user interface was also evaluated separately. Besides this modular evaluation which will be briefly mentioned here, as a reference, the system can also be evaluated as a whole, in a field trial from the point of view of a potential user. This is the main topic of this paper. The analysis of the main sources of problems hinted at a large number of issues that must be dealt with in order to improve the performance. In spite of these pending problems, we believe that having a fully operational system is a must for being able to address user needs in the future in this type of service.
The Use of R-(+)-1-Phenylethylisocyanate in the Optical Analysis of Asymmetric Secondary Alcohols by Gas Chromatography (1970)

Abstract Gas chromatography of diastereoisomeric carbamates has been used to determine the steric purity of asymmetric alcohols. The relative retention times of the diastereoisomers could be used to assign the absolute configuration of a homologous series of secondary alcohols.
ENANTIOFACE-DIFFERENTIATING ADDITION OF A CHIRAL ARYLLITHIUM REAGENT TO ALDEHYDES (1980)

Abstract A chiral aryllithium reagent was prepared by treating a chiral aminal, derived from (S)-2-(anilinomethyl)pyrrolidine and o-bromobenzaldehyde, with n-butyl lithium. The chiral reagent reacted highly enantioface selectively with aliphatic aldehydes and, on hydrolysis of the resulting aminals, various 3-alkyl-1-hydroxy-2-oxaindanes with high enantiomeric excesses were obtained. The oxidation of 3-butyl-1-hydroxy-2-oxaindane with silver oxide afforded (S)-3-butylphthalide, an essential oil of celery, with 88% e.e..
Time difference of arrival-based acoustic source localization and separation technique for sparse arrays (2018)

An acoustic source localization and separation technique intended for sparse arrays is suggested in this paper. Unlike conventional beamforming approaches, the proposed technique is based on time difference of arrival (TDOA) information. This effectively eliminates the spatial aliasing problem due to overly large inter-element spacing of sensors. This method begins with estimation of the TDOAs between at least 4 sensors for 3-dimensional sound fields, with the aid of the generalized crosscorrelation-phase transformation (GCC-PHAT) algorithm and the subspace-based time delay estimation algorithm. Next, a constrained least squares (CLS) algorithm is applied to locate the source based on the above-estimated TDOAs. Once the source location is found, the source signal is extracted by using the Tikhonov regularization (TIKR) algorithm and minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) beamformer. Regularization parameter is selected with a special search procedure to best preserve the audio quality in the inverse solution process. Experiments and listening tests are undertaken to validate the proposed TDOA-based localization and separation technique.
Clonal architecture of chronic myelomonocytic leukemias (2013)

Genomic studies in chronic myeloid malignancies, including myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), and MPN/MDS, have identified common mutations in genes encoding signaling, epigenetic, transcription, and splicing factors. In the present study, we interrogated the clonal architecture by mutation-specific discrimination analysis of single-cell-derived colonies in 28 patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemias (CMML), the most frequent MPN/MDS. This analysis reveals a linear acquisition of the studied mutations with limited branching through loss of heterozygosity. Serial analysis of untreated and treated samples demonstrates a dynamic architecture on which most current therapeutic approaches have limited effects. The main disease characteristics are early clonal dominance, arising at the CD34(+)/CD38(-) stage of hematopoiesis, and granulomonocytic differentiation skewing of multipotent and common myeloid progenitors. Comparison of clonal expansions of TET2 mutations in MDS, MPN, and CMML, together with functional invalidation of TET2 in sorted progenitors, suggests a causative link between early clonal dominance and skewed granulomonocytic differentiation. Altogether, early clonal dominance may distinguish CMML from other chronic myeloid neoplasms with similar gene mutations.
Hanford Site Near-Facility Environmental Monitoring Data Report for Calendar Year 2006 (2007)

This document contains brief discussions, specific sampling location information, and complete analytical data for Hanford Site near-facility environmental monitoring efforts in 2006.
Independent differentiative pathways of Ly1 and Ly23 subclasses of T cells. Experimental production of mice deprived of selected T-cell subclasses. (1976)

When B mice are supplied with Ly1 or Ly23 cells they acquire, over the next 6 mo, only the immune functions associated with each of these T-cell subclasses, respectively. The T-cell population of these "B-Ly1" and "B-Ly23" mice mice also remains restricted to the Ly1 and Ly23 subclass phenotypes. Thus the Ly1 and Ly23 populations are derived from two separate lines of differentiation and are not sequential stages of a single differentiative pathway.
Amplification of plasmid and chromosome <i>chlamydia</i> dna in synovial fluid of patients with reactive arthritis and undifferentiated seronegative oligoarthropathies (1995)

Whole chlamydiae are likely present in the SF of patients with Chlamydia-associated reactive arthritis.
The Neuroscience Research Program at the Connecticut Mental Health Center (2007)

This chapter contains sections titled: History The current academic program Contributions to the field Contributions to public sector psychiatry Future developments Summary References
A filterable lytic agent obtained from a red tide bloom that caused lysis of Karenia brevis (Gymnodinum breve) cultures (2002)

A filterable lytic agent (FLA) was obtained from seawater in the southeastern Gulf of Mexico during a red tide bloom that caused lysis of Karenia brevis (formerly Gymnodinium breve) Piney Island. This agent was obtained from < 0.2 m filtrates that were concentrated by ultrafiltration using a 100 kDa filter. The FLA was propagated by passage on K. brevis cultures, and the filtered supernatants of such cultures resulted in K. brevis lysis when added to such cultures. The lytic activity was lost upon heating to 65C or by 0.02 m filtration. Epifluorescence and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of supernatants of K. brevis cultures treated with the lytic agent indicated a high abundance of viral particles (4 10 9 to 7 10 9 virus-like particles [VLPs] ml -1 ) compared to control cultures (~10 7 ml -1 ). However, viral particles were seldom found in TEM photomicrograph thin sections of lysing K. brevis cells. Although a virus specific for K. brevis may have been the FLA, other explanations such as filterable bacteria or bacteriophages specific for bacteria associated with the K. brevis cultures cannot be discounted.
NEUROMUSCULAR MONITORING OF THE FLEXOR HALLUCIS BREV1S COMPARED WITH THE ADDUCTOR POLLICIS IN ANESTHETIZED CHILDREN (1990)

Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-2583
Reduced-state nonlinear equalization for magnetic storage (2002)

We present a nonlinear depth-limited tree search for magnetic storage. Using a discrete Volterra series description, we outline a minimum-mean-square error solution for a finite length feedforward filter and nonlinear branch metrics. Feedback is used to subtract contributions from the current decision as well as previous ones. We evaluate the probability of error by averaging over many possible error events considering the effects of a mismatched channel. The performance using a minimum phase criterion and assuming no "d-constraint" is compared with a linear and nonlinear decision feedback equalizer (DFE).
Multi-analyte bioluminescence-based disposable ChemChips for home-based application: update (2006)

Bio- and chemi-luminescent based biochemical sensors are being developed in a multi-well single use format for multi-analyte applications employing a single step, disposable, easy to use and interpret ChemChip. We briefly review and summarize earlier and ongoing work. We also argue for far more, rather than less or limited, chemical data in all areas, and particularly in education, health, and medicine.
Overexpression in Escherichia coli and purification of an ATP-binding peptide from the yeast plasma membrane H(+)-ATPase. (1993)

The two major hydrophilic domains from the Saccharomyces cerevisiae plasma membrane H(+)-ATPase fused to glutathione S-transferase have been expressed in Escherichia coli. The GST-L peptide contained the hydrophilic region from Ala340 to Ser660. The GST-SL peptide contained in addition the hydrophilic region Glu162 to Val276. After solubilization of the inclusion bodies with urea, renaturation, and affinity chromatography, 3 mg of highly purified peptides were recovered per liter of E. coli culture. The purified peptides interacted with 2'(3')-O-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)-adenosine-5'-triphosphate (TNP-ATP), the fluorescence of which was enhanced identically upon binding of either GST-L or GST-SL. ATP competitively displaced the TNP-ATP binding. The observed dissociation constants for TNP-ATP (6.5 microM) and ATP (3 mM) are close to those found for the complete native H(+)-ATPase protein. The fluorescence of TNP-ATP was sensitive to Mg2+ indicating the existence of a Mg(2+)-binding site on the peptide. Apparent affinity for this Mg2+ site was found to vary from 50 microM at pH 7.5 to 400 microM at pH 5.5.
35 GHz gyroklystron amplifier development at NRL (2002)

Summary form only given, as follows. Experiments on a two-cavity gyroklystron are underway to demonstrate a 140 kW, 35 GHz gyroklystron amplifier, operating at a fundamental beam cyclotron mode and a TE/sub 011/ cylindrical cavity mode. A high power electron beam of 70 kV, 6.6 A is produced from a magnetron-injection-gun which is optimally designed for the TE/sub 01/ mode at 35 GHz. Drift tubes consisting of lossy ceramic rings (80% BeO, 20% SiC) are designed to suppress undesired oscillations. A drive power is injected into the first cavity through a multi-hole coaxial coupler. A capacitive probe is placed directly before the input cavity to measure the beam velocity ratio. Large signal non-linear calculations predict a peak efficiency of 30% (extracted power=140 kW) and a saturated gain of 20 dB over a 0.3% bandwidth at /spl alpha/=1.5, /spl Delta/v/sub Z//v/sub Z/=20% at 13.3 kG and Q/sub 1/=Q/sub 2/=200. Design parameters and initial hot-test results of the amplifier will be presented.
Double-phase-conjugate mirror in CdTe:V with elimination of conical diffraction at 154 μm (1995)

We have fabricated a double-phase-conjugate mirror (DPCM) in a single crystal of vanadium-doped cadmium telluride. Because of the high gain in the near-infrared region, a DPCM is possible at a telecommunication wavelength of 1.54 microm in this material. Experimental and theoretical thresholds for the DPCM are compared, and an experimental diffraction efficiency of 7.4% is reported. Conical diffraction has been eliminated by the method of cylindrical lenses. We propose to use this astigmatic configuration to enhance the capacity of interconnections between fibers with a single crystal in a vector-matrix architecture.
Sulfur K-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy: A spectroscopic tool to examine the redox state of S-containing metabolites <i>in vivo</i> (1998)

The sulfur K-edge x-ray absorption spectra for the amino acids cysteine and methionine and their corresponding oxidized forms cystine and methionine sulfoxide are presented. Distinct differences in the shape of the edge and the inflection point energy for cysteine and cystine are observed. For methionine sulfoxide the inflection point energy is 2.8 eV higher compared with methionine. Glutathione, the most abundant thiol in animal cells, also has been investigated. The x-ray absorption near-edge structure spectrum of reduced glutathione resembles that of cysteine, whereas the spectrum of oxidized glutathione resembles that of cystine. The characteristic differences between the thiol and disulfide spectra enable one to determine the redox status (thiol to disulfide ratio) in intact biological systems, such as unbroken cells, where glutathione and cyst(e)ine are the two major sulfur-containing components. The sulfur K-edge spectra for whole human blood, plasma, and erythrocytes are shown. The erythrocyte sulfur K-edge spectrum is similar to that of fully reduced glutathione. Simulation of the plasma spectrum indicated 32% thiol and 68% disulfide sulfur. The whole blood spectrum can be simulated by a combination of 46% disulfide and 54% thiol sulfur.
Dispersion measurements of electric-field-induced second-harmonic generation and third-harmonic generation in conjugated linear chains (1991)

Experimental measurements of the frequency dependence of the isotropically averaged, molecular dc-induced second-harmonic susceptibility 〈γ(−2ω; ω, ω, 0)〉 and third-harmonic susceptibility 〈γ(−3ω; ω, ω, ω)〉 of conjugated linear-chain structures are in excellent agreement with the results of many-electron, multiple-excited-configuration-interaction calculations. For hexatriene, the N = 6 carbon site linear polyene chain, we demonstrate the first successful comparison, to our knowledge, between experiment and theory for the magnitude, sign, and dispersion of 〈γ(−2ω; ω, ω, 0)〉 and 〈γ(−3ω; ω, ω, ω)〉. These results provide experimental verification of the importance of electron-correlation effects in the third-order nonlinear-optical properties of conjugated structures. Measurements of 〈γ(−2ω; ω, ω, 0)〉 and 〈γ(−3ω; ω, ω, ω)〉 for β-carotene, the intermediate length, N = 22, conjugated chain, are also reported, and the frequency dependence is well described by a three-level model that is developed based on the results of the electron-correlation description of γijkl(−ω4; ω1, ω2, ω3) for shorter chains. Finally, through the detailed comparisons of 〈γ(−2ω; ω, ω, 0)〉 with 〈γ(−3ω; ω, ω, ω)〉 and of experiment with theory, as well as through examination of previously reported values of the macroscopic third-order susceptibility χ(3)(−ω4; ω1, ω2, ω3) of glasses by other nonlinear-optical techniques, it is demonstrated that the common reference standard for χ(3)(−ω4; ω1, ω2, ω3) of glass is inaccurate, and an improved value is recommended.
Comparative Physiology of Sweat. (1962)

A method for collection of sweat under a vapor barrier from animal foot pad is presented. The average electrolyte composition of sweat from the cat foot pad was found to be (in meq/1) sodium 171, chloride 144, and potassium 23.2.
<title>MIDAS: a framework for integrated design and manufacturing process</title> (2000)

In this paper, we present a development of a framework for managing design and manufacturing process in a distributed environment. The framework offers the following facilities: (1) to represent the complicated engineering design processes (2) to coordinate design activities and execute the process in a distributed environment and (3) to support a collaborative design by sharing data and processes. In this paper, the process flow graphs, which consist in tasks and the corresponding input and output data, are used to depict the engineering design process on a process modeling browser. The engineering activities in the represented processes can be executed in a distributed environment through the cockpit of the framework. The communication among the related engineers to support a collaborative design is made on the collaborative design browser with SML underlying data structures of representing process information to make the framework extensible and platform- independent. The formal and flexible approach of the proposed framework to integrate the engineering design processes can be also effectively applied to coordinate concurrent engineering activities in a distributed environment.
Anorectal pruritus after intravenous hydrocortisone sodium succinate and sodium phosphate (1976)

A double-blind study demonstrated that single intravenous doses of 100, 200, or 400 mg of hydrocortisone sodium succinate and hydrocortisone sodium phosphate were similar in eosinophil suppression, elevation of glucose, white blood count differential shifts (polymorphonuclear cells, lymphocytes, and monocytes), and urinary excretion of sodium and potassium but not in incidence of side effects. More subjects receiving hydrocortisone sodium phosphate experienced systemic or localized adverse effects than those receiving hydrocortisone sodium succinate. The most common side effect was burning or itching in the anorectal area, which occurred in 16 of 18 subjects medicated with hydrocortisone sodium phosphate, in 1 subject of 6 treated with placebo (saline), and in none who received the sodium succinate. The effect is attributed to the phosphate steroid and appears to last as long as it takes to convert to cortisol.
Degradation of b-Hexachlorocyclohexane by HaloalkaneDehalogenase LinB from Sphingomonas paucimobilis UT26. (2005)

-Hexachlorocyclohexane (b-HCH) is the most recalcitrant among
the a-, b-, g-, and d-isomers of HCH, and causes serious
environmental pollution problems. We demonstrate here that the
haloalkane dehalogenase LinB, reported earlier to mediate the
second step in the degradation of g-HCH in Sphingomonas
paucimobilis UT26, metabolizes b-HCH to produce
2,3,4,5,6-pentachlorocyclohexanol.
A study on the influence of local doping in atomic layer deposited Al:ZnO thin film transistors (2014)

Local doping of Al:ZnO into a ZnO matrix was performed vertically at various positions in a thin film using atomic layer deposition, and its influence was investigated by analyzing thin film transistor (TFT) characteristics. The position specific dopant distribution in the films was confirmed by high resolution transmission electron microscopy. It was found that doping specific locations in the active channel layer of a TFT had a different impact on its electrical characteristics. When near the semiconductor/gate dielectric interface, doping had a significant impact on the mobility of the TFT devices, which showed a gradual recovery as the doped region was moved away from the interface. The original characteristics of the device were almost completely restored once the doped region was moved more than 15 nm away from the interface, and when moved further away the output characteristics portrayed a shift in threshold voltage while preserving all other electrical characteristics. Various doping concentrations were implemented in regions both near and far away from the interface to gain a better understanding of the phenomena. The experimental results given here imply that the geographical position of doping is as important as selecting a dopant material in the device optimization of TFTs.
In Vitro and In Situ Degradation Characteristics and Rumen Fermentation Products of Moringa oleifera Harvested at Three Different Ages (2019)

Besides the beneficial agronomic properties such as drought tolerance and high biomass production, the high crude protein content of Moringa oleifera (Moringa) makes it comparable to the other high quality forages. This study aimed to evaluate whether Moringa can be an appropriate substitute for alfalfa as a ruminant feed. The study consisted of 4 treatments, namely Moringa leaves harvested at 30 (M30), 40 (M40), and 50 (M50) days after pruning, and alfalfa (Medicago sativa) hay as a control. Simultaneously, their organic matter digestibilities and fermentation characteristics were analyzed by in vitro gas production technique and rumen dry matter and protein degradability kinetics were analyzed by using the nylon bags (in situ) procedure. The results of in vitro study revealed that the potential cumulative gas production for Moringa sample harvested at 30 days after pruning was higher than that of alfalfa while the rate of gas production and the concentrations of ammonia and volatile fatty acids (VFA) in Moringa were similar to alfalfa. Moringa harvested at different times had higher in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) and metabolizable energy (ME) content as compared with alfalfa. Despite the apparent higher soluble fraction (a) and the fractional degradation rate (c) in the Moringa samples of various ages than those for alfalfa, the differences were not significant. However, in situ potentially degradable fraction (b) for DM and CP of Moringa harvested at different ages were higher than those of alfalfa (P<0.05). The in vitro fermentation and in situ degradation parameters suggested high similarities in the kinetics of gas production (i.e. a, b, and c) and DM degradation pattern among the three different cutting ages of Moringa and nutritionally they were comparable to alfalfa. In conclusion, alfalfa could be replaced with Moringa leaves in diet of ruminant animal without any adverse effect.