gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of the Prolactin Stimulation of c-fos mRNA Levels in Mouse Mammary Gland Explants (1996)

The signal transduction pathway(s) for the prolactin (PRL) regulation of lactogenic processes in the mammary are not fully known. Recent studies indicate that the PRL occupancy of its receptor activates a tyrosine kinase (JAK-2), which is constitutively associated with the receptor. In the present studies, we have characterized the PRL stimulation of c-fos mRNA accumulation in mouse mammary gland explants that were precultured with insulin and cortisol for 36 hr. In time course studies, an initial effect (2-fold increase) of PRL was apparent after 15 min, a 4-fold increase occurred after 60 min, and a 2-fold increase was apparent after 2 hr. Dose-response experiments indicated an initial effect with 5 ng/ml PRL and a maximum effect with 500 ng/ml PRL. The accumulation of c-fos; mRNA in the cultured mammary tissues was also increased by human GH, recombinant bovine PRL, cycloheximide, and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA). The cycloheximide and PRL responses were additive, thus indicating that cycloheximide did not "superinduce" the PRL stimulation of c-fos mRNA accumulation. Downregulation of protein kinase C (PKC) by pretreating mammary tissues for 1 day with TPA did not affect the magnitude of the PRL stimulation of c-fos mRNA accumulation. The findings from these studies are consistent with c-fos playing a role in the PRL stimulation of lactogenic processes in the mammary gland. PRL had no effect on c-jun mRNA accumulation under any of the experimental conditions employed in the c-fos studies.
Heats of binding protons to globular proteins (1976)

Abstract The heats of binding of protons Δ H b to three globular proteins, lysozyme, chymotrysinogen A, and oxidized cytochrome c, from pH 11‐2 or lower at 25°C were determined by flow microcalorimetry. In addition, the acid–base titrations of chymotrypsinogen A and oxidized cytochrome c were investigated under conditions similar to those used in the calorimetric experiments. The results of the calorimetric experiments and the acid–base titrations for lysozyme and chymotrypsinogen A in the neutral and alkaline pH regions are in accord with the Linderström‐Lang model with a pH‐independent electrostatic factor. However, in order to interpret the results on oxidized cytochrome c in the same pH region, it is necessary to assume the protonation of two unidentified groups; one of these groups, with Δ H b = −18 kcal/mol and p K a = 9.4 was detected in previous work [Watt, G. D. & Sturtevant, J. M. (1969) Biochemistry 8, 4567]. The normal heats of protonation for carboxyl, ϵ‐amino, phenolic, α‐amino, and imidazole groups on globular proteins as deduced from the study are 0, −10.5, −6.3, −10.0, and −6.3 kcal/mol, respectively. Δ H b of chymotrypsinogen A between pH 4.5 and 1.3 is +30 kcal/mol. This value, which is undoubtedly too large to be accounted for by the protonation of normal carboxyl groups, leads to the conclusion that this protein undergoes a pH‐induced conformational change in this pH region. The same idea can be applied to explain the abnormal Δ H b observed for oxidized cytochrome c in the alkaline pH region.
Proline- and Arginine-Rich Peptides as Flexible Allosteric Modulators of Human Proteasome Activity (2018)

Proline- and arginine-rich peptide PR11 is an allosteric inhibitor of 20S proteasome. We modified its sequence inter alia by introducing HbYX, RYX, or RHbX C-terminal extensions (Hb, hydrophobic moiety; R, arginine; Y, tyrosine; X, any residue). Consequently, we were able to improve inhibitory potency or to convert inhibitors into strong activators: the former with an aromatic penultimate Hb residue and the latter with the HbYX motif. The PR peptide activator stimulated 20S proteasome in vitro to efficiently degrade protein substrates, such as α-synuclein and enolase, but also activated proteasome in cultured fibroblasts. The positive and negative PR modulators differently influenced the proteasome conformational dynamics and affected opening of the substrate entry pore. The resolved crystal structure showed PR inhibitor bound far from the active sites, at the proteasome outer face, in the pocket used by natural activators. Our studies indicate the opportunity to tune proteasome activity by allosteric regulators based on PR peptide scaffold.
Dirofilaria repens infection in a dog in Israel. (1999)

Only one case of canine infection with Dirofilaria repens has been reported in Israel to date; this occurred in 1934. This publication, 65 years later, represents the second case of D. repens infection in a dog in Israel. This dog was infected locally since it was born in Israel and was never taken abroad, suggesting that the life cycle of the filaria was completed in Israel. Since dogs, cats, and foxes serve as a reservoir for the filaria and these are abundant in Israel, and mosquitoes of the genera Culex and Aedes (both of which occur in Israel and the Middle East) are vectors, the conditions for establishment of the filaria in Israel exist, and warrant regional epidemiologic investigation.
Clinical evaluation of antibiotic prophylaxis before endodontic treatment of necrotic teeth. (2005)

An accurate endodontic treatment of necrotic canals is sufficient to guarantee an adequate control of post-treatment pain, with no need of antibiotic prophylaxis.
Raman spectroscopy and thermal desorption of ammonia adsorbed on titania (anatase)-supported vanadia (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRaman spectroscopy and thermal desorption of ammonia adsorbed on titania (anatase)-supported vanadiaGregory T. Went, Li Jen Leu, Stephen J. Lombardo, and Alexis T. BellCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1992, 96, 5, 2235–2241Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1992https://doi.org/10.1021/j100184a039RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views390Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (871 KB) Get e-Alerts
Effects of Season and Successional Stage on Leaf Area Index and Spectral Vegetation Indices in Three Mesoamerican Tropical Dry Forests<sup>1</sup> (2005)

ABSTRACT We compared plant area index (PAI) and canopy openness for different successional stages in three tropical dry forest sites: Chamela, Mexico; Santa Rosa, Costa Rica; and Palo Verde, Costa Rica, in the wet and dry seasons. We also compared leaf area index (LAI) for the Costa Rican sites during the wet and dry seasons. In addition, we examined differences in canopy structure to ascertain the most influential factors on PAI/LAI. Subsequently, we explored relationships between spectral vegetation indices derived from Landsat 7 ETM+ satellite imagery and PAI/LAI to create maps of PAI/LAI for the wet season for the three sites. Specific forest structure characteristics with the greatest influence on PAI/LAI varied among the sites and were linked to climatic differences. The differences in PAI/LAI and canopy openness among the sites were explained by both the past land‐use history and forest management practices. For all sites, the best‐fit regression model between the spectral vegetation indices and PAI/LAI was a Lorentzian Cumulative Function. Overall, this study aimed to further research linkages between PAI/LAI and remotely sensed data while exploring unique challenges posed by this ecosystem.
Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma with Multiple Hepatic Metastases: Treatment with Transcatheter Arterial Embolization and Percutaneous Ethanol Injection. (1999)

A 54-year-old man with medullary thyroid carcinoma in the thyroid gland was unable to undergo total thyroidectomy because the tumor had invaded the mediastinum. Radiation therapy and chemotherapy were given. Seven years later, intractable diarrhea and abdominal pain appeared, and computed tomography demonstrated hypervascular tumors in the thyroid gland and in the liver. The tumors were successfully treated with percutaneous ethanol injection to a lesion in the thyroid gland and transcatheter arterial embolization followed by percutaneous ethanol injection to tumors in the liver. Transcatheter arterial embolization and percutaneous ethanol injection may be valuable in treating medullary thyroid carcinoma.
Axial Waterjet (AxWJ) Model 5662 and Mixed-Flow Waterjet (MxWJ) Model 5662-1: Comparisons of Resistance and Model-Scale Powering with Propulsion Nozzle Designs (2007)

Abstract : This report is a partial documentation of two series of model-scale experiments conducted 5/07-6/07, comparing the Axial Waterjet (AxWJ) Model 5662 and the Mixed-Flow Waterjet (MxWJ) Model 5662-1, two waterjet propelled variants of the Joint High Speed Sealift (JHSS) hull platform. This document contains calm water resistance and model-scale powering test results. Bare hull effective powers at three displacement conditions, and appended effective powers at design displacement, were determined and compared for the two waterjet variants, and then compared to the JHSS baseline shaft and strut (BSS) hull. Model-scale rotor force measurements were recorded and compared for both the AxWJ and the MxWJ under power. These tests were conducted on both models with waterjet nozzles specifically designed for propulsion. A detailed powering analysis derived from the AxWJ and MxWJ model resistance and rotor force measurements, as well as LDV velocity measurements and pressure tap measurements, will be reported in a separate document. This future document will address full-scale AxWJ and MxWJ powering predictions and comparisons to the JHSS baseline BSS.
Maximum Likelihood Stacking in White Gaussian Noise with Unknown Variances (1982)

In seismic exploration, the process of estimating the source produced signal common to a collection of sampled data recordings contaminated with additive noise is known as stacking. Stacking is used when a low energy acoustic source can be repeated in the same physical location (or nearly so) and a collection of data recordings are gathered at the same electromechanical transducer from the multiple source initiations. This stacking process is primarily aimed at reducing environmental noise which frequently dominates each individual recording when low energy sources are used. This is in contrast to other techniques used to reduce or eliminate so called source generated noise which behaves as signal in the stacking process. Specifically, the problem we address is the simultaneous maximum likelihood (ML) estimation of signal values and unknown noise distribution parameters from a collection of sampled data recordings, each containing the same signal sequence. In this paper we restrict our consideration to independent, zero mean, Gaussian noise variates with unknown variance which may differ between data records. This model is justified when a broadband analog noise source is subsequently low pass filtered along with the signal and the result sampled at the Nyquist rate. The linear filtering tends to produce a Gaussian noise process and the Nyquist rate sampling produces approximately uncorrelated samples. The ML estimates of signal values and noise variances are obtained numerically by steepest ascent.
The Brush Border of Proximal Tubules of Normal Human Kidney Activates the Alternative Pathway of the Complement System In Vitroa <sup>a</sup> (1983)

The aim of this investigation was to study complement fixation by normal human kidney tissue. C fixation was assessed on acetone-fixed sections of frozen human kidney. In addition, C consumption following incubation of normal fresh human serum with tubular or glomerular fractions of human kidney was measured. The results are consistent with the interpretation that the brush border of proximal tubules of human kidney activates the C system via the alternative pathway. It is suggested that this activation may occur in vivo in patients with a non-selective proteinuria.
Self-referencing of the carrier-envelope slip in a 6-fs visible parametric amplifier (2002)

We demonstrate a scheme for parametric amplification that allows us to measure the drift of the carrier-envelope phase of the output signal pulses. The method is based on the unique double phase-matching properties of a noncollinearly pumped BBO crystal, making possible the detection of the interference between the signal and the frequency-doubled idler. Additionally, the suggested device greatly simplifies the single-shot measurement of the phase evolution in Ti:sapphire laser amplifiers by dispensing with harmonic synthesis from the spectral edges of an octave-wide supercontinuum.
Abstract 3175: Detection of hypermethylated vimentin gene in urine of colorectal cancer patients (2011)

Abstract Although the success of cancer treatment often depends on the early detection of cancer, colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is hindered by low compliance rates (40%) of inconvenient, invasive screening tests. Previous studies have demonstrated that urine contains circulation-derived low-molecular-weight (LMW) DNA (&lt;300 bp) and suggested that LMW urine DNA could be used to detect CRC associated genetic alterations. Aberrant hypermethylation of the vimentin gene (mVIM) has been shown to be a potential stool DNA marker for CRC screening. It was of interest to see whether mVIM could be detected in urine of patients with CRC. In this study, we developed a quantitative MethyLight assay targeting a 39 bp DNA template for mVIM. A locked nucleic acid was incorporated at the CpG sites of the reverse primer of the assay to increase the assay sensitivity and specificity for methylated templates. A blinded concordance study between urine and matched CRC tissue was performed. Twenty matched sets of urine and CRC tissue were collected and subjected to DNA isolation. Total urine DNA was further fractionated into both LMW DNA (&lt; 1 kb) and high-molecular-weight (HMW) DNA (&gt;1 kb) fractions. The MethyLight assay was used to quantify the amount of mVIM in each DNA sample. mVIM was detected in 75% (15/20) of the LMW urine DNA fraction, 0% (0/20) of the HMW urine DNA fraction and 85% (17/20) of the CRC tissue DNA. There was a 60% concordance in detecting mVIM between the CRC tissues and their corresponding urine samples. As negative controls, twenty LMW urine DNA fractions from subjects with no known neoplasia were also tested for mVIM and only 10% (2/20) of control samples contained detectable mVIM. mVIM may be a useful part of a urine based genetic biomarker panel for the early detection of CRC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3175. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3175
Anthracene Bisureas as Powerful and Accessible Anion Carriers (2018)

Synthetic anion carriers (anionophores) have potential as biomedical research tools and as treatments for conditions arising from defective natural transport systems (notably cystic fibrosis). Highly active anionophores that are readily accessible and easily deliverable are especially valuable. Previous work has resulted in steroid and trans-decalin based anionophores with exceptional activity for chloride/nitrate exchange in vesicles, but poor accessibility and deliverability. This work shows that anthracene 1,8-bisureas can fulfil all three criteria. In particular, a bis-nitrophenyl derivative is prepared in two steps from commercial starting materials, yet shows comparable transport activity to the best currently known. Moreover, unlike earlier highly active systems, it does not need to be preincorporated in test vesicles but can be introduced subsequent to vesicle formation. This transporter also shows the ability to transfer between vesicles, and is therefore uniquely effective for anion transport at low transporter loadings. The results suggest that anthracene bisureas are promising candidates for application in biological research and medicine.
Clinical Immunopharmacology of Autoimmune Neuropathies and Myopathies (2002)

Department of Neurological Sciences, Section of Neuromuscular Diseases, Rush Presbyterian–St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA Address correspondence and reprint requests to Matthew N. Meriggioli, M.D., Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush-Presbyterian St. Luke's Medical Center, Suite 1106, 1725 W. Harrison Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
O3‐12‐01: DECREASED META‐MEMORY FOR EPISODIC BUT NOT SEMANTIC INFORMATION IS ASSOCIATED WITH EARLY TAUOPATHY IN CLINICALLY NORMAL OLDER ADULTS (2018)

Because accurate awareness of our own cognitive abilities guides much of human behavior, inaccurate judgments (anosognosia) observed during Alzheimer's disease (AD) can have serious consequences. Previous studies have demonstrated that the ability to accurately judge memory efficacy (meta-memory monitoring) for newly learned (episodic) information decreases in older adults and further deteriorates in AD-dementia, whereas no differences have been found for semantic meta-memory. The pathological substrates of this phenomenon are poorly understood. Here, we examine the association between meta-memory monitoring for episodic and semantic information and Aβ and tau pathology in normal older adults. 102 participants (Table 1) underwent flortaucipir F-18 imaging (FTP-PET) for tau and PiB-PET imaging for Aβ. Meta-memory monitoring was obtained using a feeling-of-knowing task for non-famous (episodic) and famous (semantic) face-name pairs. Gamma correlation scores were calculated, examining item-by-item associations between predictions and memory performance. Scores approaching +1 indicate discordance between prediction and outcome, whereas scores approaching -1 indicate concordance. Whole brain voxel-wise correlations between meta-memory and neuroimaging data were conducted. Mean gamma scores were -0.25 (s.d.=0.54) and -0.62 (s.d.=0.4) for episodic and semantic memory, respectively. Both significantly differed from zero ((t101=-4.7,p<0.001,t101=-16.5,p<0.001 respectively) indicating that meta-memory monitoring was above chance accuracy. However, participants were significantly better in their meta-memory monitoring for semantic compared to episodic information (t101=7.1,p<0.001). Whole brain analyses found that reduced episodic meta-memory correlated with increased tau pathology in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) regions, after accounting for age and neocortical Aβ (Fig. 1a). The effect in the entorhinal cortex (F1,97=10.4,p=0.002) remained significant when memory performance (hits/total events) was entered as covariate. By contrast, no association was found in the MTL for semantic meta-memory after accounting for age and amyloid (Fig. 1b). No association was found between meta-memory and Aβ-retention. Association of meta-memory monitoring with tau. Whole-brain voxel wise statistical map (p=0.001) of the significant correlation between meta- memory monitoring of (A) episodic and (B) semantic information, controlling for age and neocortical amyloid. Color bar indicates t-values. Our findings demonstrate that meta-memory for episodic, but not semantic, information, is associated with early tauopathy after controlling for Aβ-pathology and memory performance. Deficits in meta-cognitive episodic knowledge were related to increased tau burden in the MTL, brain regions vulnerable to changes in early AD. Early alterations in self-awareness of episodic memory could prove to be a sensitive clinical indicator of the AD-pathophysiological process.
Stimulation of Ejaculated Domestic Cat Sperm Motility with Caffeine, Pentoxifylline, and 2′-Deoxyadenosine (1995)

Sperm motility patterns of cryopreserved domestic cat ejaculates treated at 37 degrees C with 1 mM caffeine, pentoxifylline, or 2'-deoxyadenosine were analyzed using computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA). The percent motility (MOT), curvilinear velocity (VLC), straight-line velocity (VSL), linearity (LIN), and amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH) were measured for each group following 15 min of treatment. Motility indices were examined during a 6-h treatment period to determine the effect of each chemical on sperm longevity. Caffeine, pentoxifylline, and 2'-deoxyadenosine each increased (p > .05) the MOT and VCL of the ejaculates compared to the controls. The longevity of the treated and control samples were not significantly different throughout the incubation period. These results, similar to previous findings with cryopreserved epididymal cat sperm, demonstrate that motility stimulants can significantly elevate the MOT and VCL of cryopreserved ejaculated cat sperm without having deleterious effects on longevity.
Trimellitic anhydride‐sensitive mouse as an animal model for contact urticaria (1997)

The respiratory allergen trimellitic anhydride (TMA) has been shown to induce IgE production and immediate ear swellling in mice sensitized to it. We studied whether TMA sensitivity could be used as an animal model for immunological contact urticaria. BALB/C mice were sensitized to TMA by topical applications. Groups of animals were pretreated on the ears with the glucocorticosteroid (GCS) betamethasone-17,21-dipropionate, the antihistamine (AH) diphenhydramine hydrochloride, the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) indomethacin or vehicle (VEH). Ears were challenged with TMA and ear thickness was measured at baseline and 1, 2, 4, 8 and 24 h after challenge. Trimellitic anhydride caused a significant biphasic ear swelling response with an early peak at 1–2 h, a plateau at 4 h and a late peak at 24 h. However, there was also an early swelling by TMA in non-sensitized mice, suggesting that non-immunological as well as immunological mechanisms contribute to early swelling by TMA. Glucocorticosteroid suppressed significantly the early and to some extent the late TMA responses, while AH suppressed only early and NSAID only late TMA responses. Ear swelling in TMA-sensitive BALB/C mice may represent a combination of immunological and non-immunological contact urticaria and allergic contact dermatitis. Mice sensitive to TMA may be helpful in defining pharmacological agents affecting contact urticaria and the model is perhaps suitable for identification of some immunologically mediated contact urticants. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Radiometric calibration by transform invariant low-rank structure (2011)

We present a robust radiometric calibration method that capitalizes on the transform invariant low-rank structure of sensor irradiances recorded from a static scene with different exposure times. We formulate the radiometric calibration problem as a rank minimization problem. Unlike previous approaches, our method naturally avoids over-fitting problem; therefore, it is robust against biased distribution of the input data, which is common in practice. When the exposure times are completely unknown, the proposed method can robustly estimate the response function up to an exponential ambiguity. The method is evaluated using both simulation and real-world datasets and shows a superior performance than previous approaches.