gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of FeCoNi nanoparticles by galvanostatic technique (2016)

Soft magnetic nanoparticles of FeCoNi have been becoming interesting objects for many researchers due to its potential application in electronic devices. One of the most promising methods for material preparation is the electrodeposition which capable of growing nanoparticles alloy directly onto the substrate. In this paper, we report our electrodeposition studies on nanoparticles synthesis using galvanostatic electrodeposition technique. Chemical composition of the synthesized FeCoNi was successfully controlled through the adjustment of the applied currents. It is revealed that the content of each element, obtained from quantitative analysis using atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS), could be modified by the adjustment of current in which Fe and Co content decreased at larger applied currents, while Ni content increased. The nanoparticles of Co-rich FeCoNi and Ni-rich FeCoNi were obtained from sulphate electrolyte at the range of applied current investigated in this work. Broad diffracted peaks in the X-ray diffractograms indicated typical nanostructures of the solid solution of FeCoNi.
Operation of a 1:8-THz Quantum-Cascade Laser Above 160 K (2010)

The maximum operating temperature of previously reported terahertz quantum-cascade lasers (QCLs) has empirically been limited to a value of ~ ħω/kB. Here, we report a new design scheme for terahertz QCLs and achieve 163-K operation for a 1.8-THz QCL, which is a factor of 1.9 larger than ħω/kB.
Affine characterizations of minimum and mode-dependent dwell-times for uncertain linear switched systems (2012)

An alternative approach for minimum and mode-dependent dwell-time characterization for switched systems is derived. The proposed technique is related to Lyapunov looped-functionals, a new type of functionals leading to stability conditions affine in the system matrices, unlike standard results for minimum dwell-time. These conditions are expressed as infinite-dimensional LMIs which can be solved using recent polynomial optimization techniques such as sum-of-squares. The specific structure of the conditions is finally utilized in order to derive dwell-time stability results for uncertain switched systems. Several examples illustrate the efficiency of the approach.
The "Loma Linda pouch": a technique for repairing the perforated sinus membrane. (2003)

A technique, the "Loma Linda pouch," is introduced for repairing the perforated maxillary sinus membrane during sinus grafting procedures. A collagen membrane is placed against the perforated site and subsequently covers the internal surface of the maxillary sinus. The collagen membrane is then folded along the lateral access window to form a pouch that surrounds and isolates the graft material.
Studies on antitumor activities of Basidiomycetes (1972)

This report describes the tumor-inhibiting effect against Sarcoma 180 in mice of some wild and cultured Basidiomycetes. Results: 1. Some of wild and cultured Basidiomycetes preparations given intraperitoneally had an antitumor effect. Complete regression of the tumor was observed in many cases. 2. Both per- and post-treatment with PMS were effective, and a single injection of 100mg/kg with PMS was most effective. 3. Poly I: Poly C shows the tumor-inhibiting effect, however the effect was seen during the early stage of the tumor growth. 4. PMS was ineffective against Ehrlich ascites tumor in mice. 5. Acid mucopolysaccharides as Chondroitin sulfate was decreased an antitumor effect of PMS. 6. The intraperitoneal administration with PMS was most effective against spontane-ous mammary tumor in C3H/He mice.
The Effect of Interfacial Tension Upon Gas-Oil Relative Permeability Measurements: Interpretation Using Pore-Scale Models (1997)

Abstract The effects of interfacial tension (IFT) upon gas-oil relative permeabilities are of considerable interest in the reservoir engineering of gas flooding processes. Several papers have presented experimental data on this matter, although there is some conflict among the findings of different authors. This paper describes the development and implementation of an unsteady-state pore-scale process simulator, which has been utilised to interpret a number of related laboratory gas-oil displacements performed at different values of interfacial tension. The experimental work was carried out at this laboratory and the range of IFTs considered covered almost three orders of magnitude - from 9.76mN/m down to 0.019mN/m. However, more importantly, all of the experimental data was available to the authors including the oil/gas viscosity ratio, M (= oil/ gas), as a function of IFT. This proved to be essential in the modelling and interpretation of the experimental results and it has rarely been reported by previous experimentalists. Both constant rate and constant pressure drop simulations were carried out, using pore-scale models that had been suitably anchored to the experimental samples. The resulting production data were analysed using a modified JBN technique and the calculated relative permeabilities were found to exhibit the same IFT sensitivities as the experimental datasets - viz. a marked increase in the gas curve and very little change in the oil curve with decreasing IFT. This behaviour is subsequently explained by considering both the viscous/capillary force balance and the viscosity ratio operating during each displacement. These vary considerably over the experimental range considered, with different displacements effectively lying in different flow regimes. In addition, results demonstrate that it is extremely difficult to predict a priori the directional trend exhibited by relative permeability curves with varying IFT, unless all of the experimental quantities are reported. The fact that both capillary number and viscosity ratio play a role in determining the phase distributions during a displacement means that such trends can only be properly understood in light of appropriately-scaled network simulations that incorporate the underlying pore-scale physics. Introduction Variations in gas-oil relative permeability as a function of interfacial tension (IFT) are of particular importance in the area of compositional simulation, where oil and gas compositions can vary significantly both spatially and temporally. This is especially significant in the context of volatile oil and gas condensate reservoirs, where phase compositions do not generally pass through the critical point and miscibility is consequently avoided. At present, many standard compositional simulators utilise a model first proposed by Coats, which employs simple linear interpolation to modify the relative permeability curves at different values of IFT. The interpolated relative permeabilities take the form: (1) P. 791^
Reduction of quantum fluctuation and suppression of the Gordon–Haus effect with phase-sensitive linear amplifiers (1992)

Compared with the use of phase-insensitive linear quantum amplifiers of the same gain G, the use of phase-sensitive linear amplifiers on phase coherent classical light sources in an amplifier-attenuator chain reduces the total quantum noise power by a factor of 4, the homodyne noise variance by 2, and the photon number variance by 2-8 and suppresses the Kerr effect linear phase fluctuation variance as well as the soliton timing-error variance by 2G(2).
Hepatic Clearance of Plasma Low Density Lipoproteins (1992)

An elevated plasma LDL concentration is a major risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. The concentration of LDL in plasma is determined, to a large extent, by events in the liver, since this organ is the source of LDL (via VLDL) and is the major site of LDL catabolism. LDL uptake by the liver is mediated largely by receptor-dependent mechanisms and fully 80 to 90% of whole body receptor-dependent LDL catabolism occurs in the liver. The rate of receptor-dependent LDL uptake by the liver is influenced by dietary and genetic factors. Cholesterol and fatty acids are the major dietary factors that alter receptor-dependent LDL uptake by the liver and appear to do so by regulating LDL receptor gene transcription. Regulation of LDL receptor gene transcription by sterols is mediated by sterol regulatory elements within the LDL receptor promoter, but how the nucleus actually senses cellular cholesterol levels and how dietary fatty acids might influence this process remain to be elucidated. Genetic factors may affect the basal rate of receptor-dependent LDL transport or the sensitivity of the LDL receptor pathway to regulation by dietary lipids. An understanding of how dietary lipids regulate hepatic LDL transport and plasma LDL levels, and identification of the major genetic factors that determine responsiveness to dietary lipids is crucial to the development of safe and effective dietary guidelines and to the selection of individuals most likely to benefit from diet modification.
Semi-supervised training of Deep Neural Networks (2013)

In this paper we search for an optimal strategy for semi-supervised Deep Neural Network (DNN) training. We assume that a small part of the data is transcribed, while the majority of the data is untranscribed. We explore self-training strategies with data selection based on both the utterance-level and frame-level confidences. Further on, we study the interactions between semi-supervised frame-discriminative training and sequence-discriminative sMBR training. We found it beneficial to reduce the disproportion in amounts of transcribed and untranscribed data by including the transcribed data several times, as well as to do a frame-selection based on per-frame confidences derived from confusion in a lattice. For the experiments, we used the Limited language pack condition for the Surprise language task (Vietnamese) from the IARPA Babel program. The absolute Word Error Rate (WER) improvement for frame cross-entropy training is 2.2%, this corresponds to WER recovery of 36% when compared to the identical system, where the DNN is built on the fully transcribed data.
Abstract B37: Prevention of epithelial ovarian cancer by eliciting P4/RIPK1-dependent necroptosis (2018)

Abstract High-grade serous epithelial ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the deadliest gynecologic disease, commonly diagnosed in peri/postmenopausal women. Annually, HGSOC accounts for over 140,000 deaths worldwide. Because we lack effective early detection methods, over 75% of HGSOC are diagnosed at stages III/IV, with abysmal 5-year survival rates of 37/25%, respectively. Recently, progesterone (P4) was observed to promote the elimination of p53-null cells from the fallopian tube by inducing necroptosis, a regulatable form of non-apoptotic cell death. Activation of necroptosis depends on activation of receptor-interacting kinase proteins 1 and 3 (RIPK1 and RIPK3). Several additional factors suggest that P4 may have a key protective role versus HGSOC; protection versus tumorigenesis is reduced at the time of menopause due to decreasing P4 levels. Several studies examining the use of a synthetic progesterone (medroxyprogesterone acetate, MPA) observed decreases in the incidence of HGSOC. Also, MPA had a significant clinical benefit in 20-40% of pretreated ovarian cancer patients. Further, 75% of HGSOC have decreased expression of progesterone receptor (PGR). With lower P4 at menopause, p53 mutated fallopian tube epithelial cells may therefore escape necroptosis and progress to HGSOC. All of the above information led to our hypothesis that activating P4 signaling will induce necroptosis in HGSOC tumor cells. Examining The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database for regulators of necroptosis, we found that increased expression of the P4 receptor (PGR), necroptosis effectors TNFα, and RIPK1/3 corresponded to significantly higher overall survival in 484 HGSOC cases. Using OVSAHO (BRCA2-deleted) cells, we show that P4 and/or TNFα treatment increases TNFα, RIPK1, and RIPK3 expression. In OVSAHO cells, we observed a significant decrease in cell number following treatment with P4 and/or TNFα. Also, we confirmed that P4 treatment was able to induce a necroptotic response distinct from classical apoptosis. Upon examination of normal fallopian tube tissue, borderline tumors, and advanced HGSOC, we detected expression of necroptosis effectors RIPK1 and 3, suggesting an intact necroptosis pathway. These observations point towards an HGSOC prevention strategy that favors the elimination of “founder” cells by activating necroptosis downstream of P4. These data may be particularly useful for the management of BRCA1/2 mutant patients, as these women experience menopause significantly earlier than noncarriers. Citation Format: Benjamin Bitler, Tomomi Yamamoto, Elise Bales, Zachary Watson, Kian Behbakht, Joshua Johnson. Prevention of epithelial ovarian cancer by eliciting P4/RIPK1-dependent necroptosis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Conference: Addressing Critical Questions in Ovarian Cancer Research and Treatment; Oct 1-4, 2017; Pittsburgh, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2018;24(15_Suppl):Abstract nr B37.
Autoantibodies to early endosome antigen (EEA1) produce a staining pattern resembling cytoplasmic anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (C-ANCA) (2000)

Autoantibodies to EEA1 have been described in patients with neurological diseases, subacute cutaneous lupus and a variety of other conditions, including a patient with Wegener's granulomatosis (WG). EEA1 is a hydrophilic peripheral membrane protein transiently associated with the cytoplasmic face of early endosomes. Antibodies to EEA1 produce a staining pattern that resembles the C-ANCA pattern produced by anti-proteinase 3 (PR3) antibodies in WG sera. Co-localization studies show incomplete overlap of the staining produced by anti-EEA1 with anti-PR3. We showed that 0/40 unselected sera, from a cohort of WG patients and antibodies to PR3, reacted with EEA1. In addition, 1/15 sera that have a C-ANCA staining pattern but do not react with PR3 in an ELISA, immunoprecipitated the recombinant EEA1 protein. We conclude that although antibodies to EEA1 produce a staining pattern that resembles anti-PR3 and C-ANCA, antibodies to EEA1 in WG are rare. However, some C-ANCA+ sera that do not react with PR3 may contain EEA1 autoantibodies.
Experimental comparison of next-generation XD i topologies (2010)

SALOME (an acronym for Small Angle Lab Operation Measuring Equipment) is a versatile, energy-dispersive x-ray diffraction imaging (XDi) test-bed facility; commissioned, funded and supported by the Transportation Security Laboratory, Atlantic City, USA. In work presented here, SALOME has been used to investigate the photon collection efficiency of three beam topologies that have been proposed for Next-Generation XDi, namely: Direct Fan-beam (DFB); Parallel Beam (PB); and Inverse Fan-beam (IFB). The single channel replication unit for each of the three topologies was implemented on SALOME. The apertures defining each topology were varied in width, influencing both the detector scatter signal and the momentum resolution. A small powder graphite sample was used as reference object for these measurements, as it provided simultaneous data on counting rate as well as peak resolution for the selected Bragg peak. The photon collection efficiencies at constant momentum peak width for the DFB, PB and IFB topologies were found to follow the trend (from lowest to highest, respectively) conjectured elsewhere in the scientific literature.
Characterization techniques to validate models of density variations in pressed powder compacts (1995)

Techniques for characterizing density gradients generated during typical powder compaction processes are reviewed and several are evaluated. The techniques reviewed are ultrasonic velocity measurements, laser ultrasonic velocity measurements, x-ray radiography, autoradiography, computer tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and simple image analysis of polished cross-sections. Experimental results are reported for all of these techniques except autoradiography, CT and MRI. The test specimens examined were right circular cylinders of a high length/diameter ratio (to ensure significant density variation) pressed from commercial spray-dried alumina powders. Although the density gradients could be detected with all four techniques, ultrasonic velocity measurements gave the best contour map of gradients and is therefore most suitable for model validation. On the other hand, it was concluded that x-ray radiography is preferable in situations where cost and/or number of samples are more important that high resolution.
Fluidized Capacitive Bioanode As a Novel Reactor Concept for the Microbial Fuel Cell (2014)

The use of granular electrodes in Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) is attractive because granules provide a cost-effective way to create a high electrode surface area, which is essential to achieve high current and power densities. Here, we show a novel reactor design based on capacitive granules: the fluidized capacitive bioanode. Activated carbon (AC) granules are colonized by electrochemically active microorganisms, which extract electrons from acetate and store the electrons in the granule. Electricity is harvested from the AC granules in an external discharge cell. We show a proof-of-principle of the fluidized capacitive system with a total anode volume of 2 L. After a start-up period of 100 days, the current increased from 0.56 A/m(2) with 100 g AC granules, to 0.99 A/m(2) with 150 g AC granules, to 1.3 A/m(2) with 200 g AC granules. Contact between moving AC granules and current collector was confirmed in a control experiment without biofilm. Contribution of an electro-active biofilm to the current density with recirculation of AC granules was limited. SEM images confirmed that a biofilm was present on the AC granules after operation in the fluidized capacitive system. Although current densities reported here need further improvement, the high surface area of the AC granules in combination with external discharge offers new and promising opportunities for scaling up MFCs.
Selection for pro-inflammatory mediators produces chickens more resistant to Eimeria tenella (2015)

We recently developed a novel selection method based on identification and selection of chickens with an inherently high and low phenotype of pro-inflammatory mediators, including interleukin (IL)-6, CXCLi2, and CCLi2. The resultant high line of chickens is more resistant to Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (Salmonella Enteritidis) compared to the low line. In the current study, we sought to determine if the high line birds were also more resistant to the protozoan parasite Eimeria tenella. In three separate experiments, 14-day-old chickens from the high and low lines were challenged orally with 10×10(3) to 45×10(3) E. tenella oocysts. Birds were sacrificed 6 d postchallenge and the caeca was removed and scored for lesions and body weight gain compared to mock-infected controls. The high line birds were more resistant to intestinal pathology as demonstrated by lower lesion scores (P≤0.04) compared to the low line. There were no differences in body weight gain between the lines. The results from this study showed that in addition to enhanced resistance against Salmonella Enteritidis, high line chickens are also more resistant to the pathology associated with coccidial infections compared to the low line birds. Taken together with our initial study utilizing the high and low lines, selection based on increased pro-inflammatory mediator expression produces chickens that are more resistant to both foodborne and poultry pathogens, including cecal pathology associated with costly coccidial infections.
Ca2+ Differentially Regulates Conventional Protein Kinase Cs' Membrane Interaction and Activation (1997)

The regulation of conventional protein kinase Cs by Ca2+ was examined by determining how this cation affects the enzyme's 1) membrane binding and catalytic function and 2) conformation. In the first part, we show that significantly lower concentrations of Ca2+ are required to effect half-maximal membrane binding than to half-maximally activate the enzyme. The disparity between binding and activation kinetics is most striking for protein kinase C betaII, where the concentration of Ca2+ promoting half-maximal membrane binding is approximately 40-fold higher than the apparent Km for Ca2+ for activation. In addition, the Ca2+ requirement for activation of protein kinase C betaII is an order of magnitude greater than that for the alternatively spliced protein kinase C betaI; these isozymes differ only in 50 amino acids at the carboxyl terminus, revealing that residues in the carboxyl terminus influence the enzyme's Ca2+ regulation. In the second part, we use proteases as conformational probes to show that Ca2+dependent membrane binding and Ca2+-dependent activation involve two distinct sets of structural changes in protein kinase C betaII. Three separate domains spanning the entire protein participate in these conformational changes, suggesting significant interdomain interactions. A highly localized hinge motion between the regulatory and catalytic halves of the protein accompanies membrane binding; release of the carboxyl terminus accompanies the low affinity membrane binding mediated by concentrations of Ca2+ too low to promote catalysis; and exposure of the amino-terminal pseudosubstrate and masking of the carboxyl terminus accompany catalysis. In summary, these data reveal that structural determinants unique to each isozyme of protein kinase C dictate the enzyme's Ca2+-dependent affinity for acidic membranes and show that, surprisingly, some of these determinants are in the carboxyl terminus of the enzyme, distal from the Ca2+-binding site in the amino-terminal regulatory domain.
A cone-beam FBP reconstruction algorithm for short-scan and super-short-scan source trajectories (2004)

Conventionally, the FDK algorithm is used to reconstruct images from cone-beam projections in many imaging systems. One advantage of this algorithm is its shift-invariant feature in the filtering process. In this paper, a new cone-beam reconstruction algorithm is derived for a single arc source trajectory. Examples of the arc trajectory include the full circular scan mode, a short-scan mode and a super-short-scan mode depending upon the angular range of the scanning path. Since the single arc does not satisfy Tuy's data sufficiency condition, there is no mathematically exact algorithm. However, one advantage of this reconstruction is that the shift-invariance property has been preserved despite the lack of a mathematically complete data set. The new algorithm includes backprojections from three adjacent segments of the arc defined by <i>T</i><sub>1</sub>(vector x), <i>T</i><sub>2</sub>(vector x) and <i>T</i><sub>3</sub>(vector x). Each backprojection step consists of a weighted combination of 1D Hilbert filtering of the modified cone-beam data along horizontal and non-horizontal directions. The non-horizontal filtering is a new feature of this FBP algorithm. For the full circle scanning path, this algorithm reduces to the conventional FDK algorithm plus a term involving a first order derivative filter. Numerical simulations have been performed to validate the algorithm.
Prevalence of previous extracranial malignancies in a series of 1228 patients presenting with meningioma (2010)

The data support a growing body of evidence suggesting an epidemiological link between papillary carcinoma of the thyroid and meningioma. Although the link between these tumors is not immediately apparent, it is possible that further exploration will yield interesting insight into the pathogenesis of both diseases.