gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Measuring arteriolar-to-venous ratio in retinal photography of patients with hypertension: Development and application of a new semi-automated method (2005)

The microdensitometric method is reliable, is easy to operate, and captures the expected association between blood pressure and retinal vessels narrowing. Its performance in clinical practice and in the prediction of cardiovascular events should be confirmed in larger databases with retinographies.
ChemInform Abstract: exo‐10,10‐Diphenyl‐2,10‐camphanediol as a New Chiral Auxiliary in Asymmetric Reduction. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
SPECIFIC PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN CELLULAR DIFFERENTIATION (1972)

Silkmoth follicles, arranged in a precise developmental sequence within the ovariole, yield pure and uniform populations of follicular epithelial cells highly differentiated for synthesis of the proteinaceous eggshell (chorion). These cells can be maintained and labeled efficiently in organ culture; their in vitro (and cell free) protein synthetic activity reflects their activity in vivo. During differentiation the cells undergo dramatic changes in protein synthesis. For 2 days the cells are devoted almost exclusively to production of distinctive chorion proteins of low molecular weight and of unusual amino acid composition. Each protein has its own characteristic developmental kinetics of synthesis. Each is synthesized as a separate polypeptide, apparently on monocistronic messenger RNA (mRNA), and thus reflects the expression of a distinct gene. The rapid changes in this tissue do not result from corresponding changes in translational efficiency. Thus, the peptide chain elongation rate is comparable for chorion and for proteins synthesized at earlier developmental stages (1.3-1.9 amino acids/sec); moreover, the spacing of ribosomes on chorion mRNA (30-37 codons per ribosome) is similar to that encountered in other eukaryotic systems.
Immunity leashed - mechanisms of regulation in the human immune system (2010)

Presis regulering av immunforsvaret kan gi nye behandlingsformer med færre bivirkninger. Farmasøyt og forsker Eirik A. Torheim har lagt grunnlaget for det som kan bli nye, fremtidsrettede behandlingsformer ved alvorlige immunsviktsykdommer.<br>\nMenneskets immunforsvar er underlagt streng kontroll i form av mange regulatoriske systemer. De senere årene har man blitt oppmerksom på at svikt i slike regulatoriske systemer kan føre til sykdom. Det er derfor grunn til å tro at behandlingsformer som retter seg mot disse systemene kan få stor medisinsk betydning. Denne formen for målrettet behandling kan dessuten gi betydelige gevinster i form av færre bivirkninger.<br>\nI sin avhandling Immunity Leashed – Mechanisms of Regulation in the Human Immune System har Eirik A. Torheim beskrevet flere regulatoriske systemer som han mener kan utnyttes terapeutisk. Regulatoriske T-celler (Treg) er ett av dem; en type immunceller som har som oppgave å bremse resten av immunforsvaret for å unngå skade på kroppens egne celler. Torheim har påvist en ny type Treg hos HIV-pasienter som aldri før har blitt beskrevet hos mennesker. Han tror denne celletypen kan gi immunsvikt hos HIV-pasienter og bidra til at pasienten utvikler AIDS. I så fall kan behandlinger som retter seg mot disse Treg-ene bedre immunforsvaret hos HIV-smittede, slik at deres evne til å bekjempe HIV-viruset styrkes.<br>\nEn annen regulatorisk mekanisme Torheim og hans kollegaer har viet interesse dreier seg om signalmolekylet syklisk AMP (cAMP). Dette signalmolekylet er særlig aktivt hos HIV-pasienter og virker som en bremsekloss i den kjeden av reaksjoner som leder til aktiveringen av en T-celle, noe som kan bidra til å svekke immunforsvaret ved HIV. Torheim har videreutviklet en type peptider som veldig presist opphever den immunhemmende effekten av cAMP, og forbedret dem slik at de kan brukes i forsøksvis behandling av levende dyr. Disse peptidene kan dermed danne grunnlaget for utviklingen av nye HIV-medisiner med færre bivirkninger.
Lookback investigations of <i>Babesia microti</i>–seropositive blood donors: seven‐year experience in a <i>Babesia</i>‐endemic area (2011)

Recipients of components from B. microti-positive donors were infected via transfusion, with index donations from parasitemic donors posing the greatest transmission risk. This report of B. microti transmission detected through LB, coupled with ongoing TTB cases, indicates that interventions are needed to reduce transmission of B. microti to US blood recipients.
Digital bus handbook (1990)

This handbook explains digital busses, the physical means by which data are collected and transferred to produce high performance systems. It describes the most useful busses currently available, including Motorola VME bus, Multibus 1, Apple/Nubus, DEC busses and IBM PC bus. For each bus, the volume defines functional structure, electrical specifications, format and capabilities. A reference book for designers, managers, purchasing agents and users of computer systems, it also describes rules for transferring digital data and explains basic technology and ideas and analyzes electrical design.
Current management of von Willebrand disease and von Willebrand syndrome (2014)

The mainstay of the diagnosis of vWD is laboratory testing. Preoperative clinical assessment and a high level of suspicion are often effective to alert the anesthesiologist to the possibility of vWS, thus allowing for appropriate testing and potential prophylaxis in elective situations, as well as appropriately targeted therapy of unexpected bleeding when a hemostatic derangement was not anticipated preoperatively.
A new design method for polyphase filters using all-pass sections (1986)

A new approach to designing polyphase filters with all-pass sections in the individual branches is presented, which is based on a certain number of attenuation zeros in the passband. During the optimization procedure of the overall attenuation characteristic, only the frequencies of these attenuation zeros occur as independent variables, therefore, the problem of directly optimizing the large number of filter coefficients is avoided.
Diels-Alder Reaction Curing of Chlorobutyl Rubber by bis-Maleimides (1989)

Abstract Different bis -maleimides are found to have different efficiencies and reactivities in the crosslinking of CIIR in the presence of zinc oxide. Although the degrees of crosslinking of CIIR by bis -maleimides cannot be defined absolutely, some trends concerning the efficiencies of the crosslinking are evident. In general, the aromatic bis -maleimides gave higher degrees of crosslinking than the aliphatic analogs. The reactivity and crosslinking efficiency of an individual bis -maleimide is very much affected by its end-to-end chain length and its electronic distribution, resulting from the interaction between the maleimide groups, and from the interaction between the maleimide groups and other functional groups present in the same molecule. The longer the bis -maleimide molecule and the more electron deficient the maleimido double bond, the greater its effectiveness as a crosslinking agent. Other curing mechanisms, possibly including polymerization of the maleimido groups, appear to be operative when using aromatic bis -maleimides as curing agents for CIIR.
Dendritic Cells Enriched from Swine Thymus Co‐express CD1, CD2 and Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II and Actively Stimulate Alloreactive T Lymphocytes (2000)

Initial characterization and partial purification of thymic dendritic cells (DC) from miniature swine were carried out with the ultimate goal of using these cells to induce transplantation tolerance in this preclinical animal model. Immunohistochemical analysis of swine thymic tissue sections has shown DC to be large cells located in the medullary and the cortico-medullary regions as evidenced by the presence of surrounding Hassal bodies. These cells exhibit membrane processes and express the CD1, granulocyte/macrophage (G/M), and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II surface antigens, as well as the S100 cytosolic and nuclear markers found in humans to be specific for DC. Dendritic cells were purified from thymi following collagenase treatment, Percoll gradient centrifugation, and adhesion steps to plastic. Cells similar in morphology and phenotype to those described in tissue sections were detected in the lighter density layers of the gradient and represented 0.02% of the starting cell number. Removal of plastic nonadherent cells showed enrichment levels similar to those reported for murine and human DC. Two-colour flow cytometric analysis of purified pig DC identified these cells as MHC class IIhi, CD1+, CD2+, and G/M+. The dendritic nature of these cells was confirmed by their potent ability to stimulate alloreactive T lymphocytes. Modification of porcine thymic DC by transfer of allogeneic MHC genes and reinjection into the DC donor should permit testing of the role of this DC subset in the induction of transplantation tolerance.
Cell-extrinsic effects of tumor endoplasmic reticulum stress on myeloid cells (2012)

The unfolded protein response (UPR) is an evolutionarily- conserved group of signaling pathways that eukaryotic cells use to adapt to periods of perturbed endoplasmic reticulum (ER) function caused by the accumulation of un/ misfolded proteins the ER lumen. Tumor cells undergo a constitutive UPR to survive the ER stress-inducing noxae within their microenvironment, such as hypoxia and nutrient deprivation. Elements of the tumor UPR have been shown to be key cell-intrinsic mechanisms of tumor survival but only few reports have considered the cell- extrinsic influence of the tumor UPR. Tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells, are key players in the cell-extrinsic regulation of tumor growth. Upon entering the tumor microenvironment, however, these cells are polarized to an inflammatory/suppressive phenotype that exacerbate the pro-inflammatory nature of the tumor microenvironment while concomitantly suppressing cell-mediated anti-tumor immune responses. However, the tumor-derived signals driving this mixed inflammatory/ suppressive phenotype have yet to be elucidated. Herein, we show that the tumor cell UPR can function in a cell- extrinsic manner by transmitting ER stress to myeloid cells that infiltrate the tumor microenvironment, a phenomenon we have termed TERS (transmissible ER stress). TERS-imprinted myeloid cells upregulate production of tumorigenic, inflammatory cytokines but also upregulate immunosuppressive markers, culminating in a pro- inflammatory/suppressive phenotype. In macrophages, TERS is sensed, in part, by TLR4. Furthermore, TERS-imprinted myeloid cells display a unique functional phenotype, upregulating costimulatory molecule expression, antigen- presentation machinery, while downregulating effective high-affinity antigen cross-presentation. We demonstrate that TERS-imprinted BMDC do not effectively prime CD8⁺ T cells, causing activation without proliferation, in part due to increased arginase activity. CD8⁺ T cells cross- primed by TERS-imprinted BMDC display a regulatory phenotype and abnormally highly splicing of Xbp-1. We also show that TERS-imprinted BMDC can also dominantly suppress the proper cross-priming function of normal bystander BMDC. Lastly, TERS-imprinted BMDC facilitate tumor growth in vivo, even promoting the transient escape of highly immunogenic tumor cells. Taken together, we demonstrate the ab initio generation of tumor-imprinted myeloid cells that have many of the inflammatory/suppressive characteristics of previously-described tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells and bring to the forefront the tumor UPR as a fundamental driver of myeloid cell polarization
Electron Beam Flattening with an Annular Scattering Foil (1973)

A narrow parallel beam of electrons from an accelerator is commonly spread over a useful area by multiple scattering in a thin foil for applications such as radiation therapy and bubble chamber experiments. If the intensity at the edge of the resulting useful field is a fraction x of that in the center, then only the fraction 1-x of the incident beam is used. A secondary scattering foil which intercepts electrons outside the useful field redirects some of these into a distribution which complements that from the primary scatterer, allowing the use of a thinner primary scatterer. The resulting distribution function is developed, in a small-angle approximation, and integrated for annular secondary scatterer elements as a double series which is evaluated by a computer program in terms of the thickness and dimensions of the annulus. Results are discussed and limits of applicability of the theory are pointed out.
Special Optical Fibres (1987)

Optical fibres are making ever-increasing inroads into areas traditionally satisfied by older, more established technologies. In particular, sensors which rely on the external modulation of the properties of an optical fibre (intrinsic sensors) are receiving much attention since they can be made extremely sensitive and can be used for distributed measurements. Distributed sensing provides some particularly exciting prospects for acoustic, magnetic and electric field monitoring. To date, however, the great majority of experimental and commercial fibre sensors employ telecommunications-grade fibres, largely as a result of their ready availability. Not only does this policy frequently lead to a design compromise, but in some cases makes the performance marginal or untenable as a result of excessive environmental sensitivity. Consequently, attention is now being given to the design of special sensor fibres with enhanced (or depressed) sensitivity to specific measurands.
Treatment of experimental listeriosis by CI 934, a new quinolone (1990)

CI 934, a new quinolone, is only marginally more active in vitro against Listeria monocytogenes and other Listeria spp. than ciprofloxacin. A bactericidal effect is seen only after several hours of incubation. However, mice infected with a virulent strain of L. monocytogenes were protected by parenteral treatment with CI 934. With a dosage of 2 x 2 mg CI 934 per day for three days almost complete remission could be achieved. These results are somewhat better than those obtained in previous experiments with other antibiotics.
Evaluation of the Processing Times in Anuran Sound Classification (2017)

Nowadays, sound classification applications are becoming more common in the Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks (WASN) scope. However, these architectures require special considerations, like looking for a balance between transmitted data and local processing. This article proposes an audio processing and classification scheme, focusing on WASN architectures. This article also analyzes in detail the time efficiency of the different stages involved (from acquisition to classification). This study provides useful information which makes it possible to choose the best tradeoff between processing time and classification result accuracy. This approach has been evaluated on a wide set of anurans songs registered in their own habitat. Among the conclusions of this work, there is an emphasis on the disparity in the classification and feature extraction and construction times for the different studied techniques, all of them notably depending on the overall feature number used.
Effect of reflected waves in SASW testing of pavements (1988)

The Spectral-Analysis-of-Surface-Waves (SASW) method is a rapidly developing in situ seismic method for nondestructively determining Young's modulus profiles of pavement sites. The method is based on the generation and measurement of surface waves (Rayleigh waves). Due to the complex theoretical solution of surface wave propagation in pavements, a multilayered half space with infinite lateral extent has been assumed in the analytical solutions of SASW testing. In addition, only plane surface waves were considered. The existence of direct and reflected body waves and any reflected surface waves, although known to occur in pavements, was neglected in the analytical solutions. To understand the impact of reflected surface waves and direct and reflected body waves in SASW testing, a simplified analytical model was developed. Reflecting boundaries such as edges or joints of a pavement system or the horizontal interfaces between pavement layers were considered. To examine the validity of the model, field tests on a jointed concrete pavement were performed. The results show that reflected surface waves cause fluctuations to occur in the field data (dispersion curves) which would otherwise be a smooth function if only direct surface waves were present. Direct and reflected body waves also create a similar result but to a much lesser extent. Reflected SV-waves (shear waves with vertical particle motion) exhibit the most influence of all direct and reflected body waves, with the effect more important at wavelengths longer than the pavement surface layer. The adverse effect of reflections can be minimized by properly orienting the test array (line passing between the source and receivers) in the field with respect to joints, edges, and cracks in the pavement. For instance, when a vertical reflecting boundary such as a joint is oriented perpendicularly to the SASW array, the adverse effect of reflections can be minimized and nearly eliminated by placing the source between the reflecting boundary and the receivers. When a vertical reflecting boundary such as the pavement edge is near the zone of testing, the effect of reflections can be greatly minimized by orienting the array parallel to and near (about 0.1 times the receiver spacing) the edge.
<i>Glomus africanum</i>and<i>G. iranicum</i>, two new species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomeromycota) (2010)

Two new arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal species (Glomeromycota) of genus Glomus, G. africanum and G. iranicum, are described and illustrated. Both species formed spores in loose clusters and singly in soil and G. iranicum sometimes inside roots. G. africanum spores are pale yellow to brownish yellow, globose to subglobose, (60-)87(-125) μm diam, sometimes ovoid to irregular, 80-110 x 90-140 μm. The spore wall consists of a semipermanent, hyaline, outer layer and a laminate, smooth, pale yellow to brownish yellow, inner layer, which always is markedly thinner than the outer layer. G. iranicum spores are hyaline to pastel yellow, globose to subglobose, (13-)40(-56) μm diam, rarely egg-shaped, prolate to irregular, 39-54 x 48-65 μm. The spore wall consists of three smooth layers: one mucilaginous, short-lived, hyaline, outermost; one permanent, semirigid, hyaline, middle; and one laminate, hyaline to pastel yellow, innermost. Only the outermost spore wall layer of G. iranicum stains red in Melzer's reagent. In the field G. africanum was associated with roots of five plant species and an unrecognized shrub colonizing maritime sand dunes of two countries in Europe and two in Africa, and G. iranicum was associated with Triticum aestivum cultivated in southwestern Iran. In one-species cultures with Plantago lanceolata as the host plant G. africanum and G. iranicum formed arbuscular mycorrhizae. Phylogenetic analyses of partial SSU sequences of nrDNA placed the two new species in Glomus group A. Both species were distinctly separated from sequences of described Glomus species.
Fractional catabolic rates of myosin and actin estimated by urinary excretion of<i>N<sup>T</sup></i>-methylhistidine: the effect of dietary protein level on catabolic rates under conditions of restricted food intake (1977)

1. Critical studies on the distribution of Ntau-methylhistidine (3-methylhistidine; Me-His) among organs and tissues in adult rats are reported. Adult rats contained 46-5+/-3-6 mg Me-His/kg body-weight. Almost 90% of the Me-His in the body was recovered from skeletal muscle. These results support the hypothesis that fractional catabolic rates of myosin and actin in skeletal muscle can be estimated by measuring urinary excretion of Me-His. 2. Dietary protein level did not affect the total amount of Me-His in the body. However, urinary excretion of Me-His increased as dietary protein intake was increased. 3. From these results it was concluded that fractional catabolic rates of myosin and actin increase as dietary protein intake increases.
Multiple quantum well (MQW) waveguide modulators (1988)

Because the electroabsorption effect in semiconductor multiple quantum well material is approximately 50 times larger than in bulk semiconductors, significant interest has been generated in the use of MQW's in optical modulators. Small high-speed devices have been made which show promise for external modulators in optical transmission systems, as well as for encoding and processing components in optical interconnect and signal processing systems. The fact that these modulators are made from III-V semiconductors had led to interest in integration of these components with other active optoelectronic components. Although most devices have operated with light of a wavelength of 0.85 mu m, recently much progress has been made in applying this technology to devices operating near 1.55 mu m. The author reviews the work of the last few years in this field and indicates some future directions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Berichtigung (1970)

3 ~ Met h y 1 -1.2.3.4 ~ t e t r a 11 y d r o p h t h a 1 a z on -( 1) Zu einer Losung von 1,6 g (0,Ol Mol) 2 in 40 ml Wasser gab man bei Raumtemperatur unter Ruhren innerhalb von 15 Min. 0,76 g (0,02 Mol) NaBH, und rulirte weitere zwei Std. AnschlieBend wurde das Reaktionsgemisch durch einen C0,-Strom neutralisiert und a d dem Wasscrbad zur Trockne eingedampft. Der Ruckstand wurde mit Chloroform extrahiert.
<title>Wireless keyboard and mouse device based on Bluetooth</title> (2002)

Existing cordless keyboard and mouse products that utilize proprietary RF interfaces and protocols, are not interoperable, have no security, and have only one-way operation. Bluetooth will bring the wireless keyboard and mouse application into real life by providing standard RF frequency and protocols, having good protection against interference, providing two-way communication, reliable links and secure data transmission. This paper discusses the benefits of wireless keyboard and mouse based on the bluetooth technology and presents how the prototyping of bluetooth wireless keyboard and mouse was done at Motorola Suzhou Design Center, focusing on the system architecture and S/W stacks designed and implemented on the embedded device. All the protocol stacks are designed and implemented above the HCI UART layer on the Motorola 8 bit HC08 micro-controller. Several key issues for prototyping wireless keyboard/mouse such as security and power management are also discussed here.
Growth of high-purity GaAs layers by molecular beam epitaxy (1983)

High-purity GaAs layers were grown by molecular beam epitaxy using carefully controlled procedures for source and substrate preparation as well as the growth itself. The layers grown without intentional doping were semi-insulating with resistivities consistently greater than 106 Ω cm. The layers doped with Si in the 1014 cm−3 range gave record Hall mobilities, the highest value being 140 000 cm2/Vs at 55 K with a net charge carrier concentration of 1×1014 cm−3. The results suggest that the use of prolonged growth period or AsH3 source is not a necessary condition for high-purity growth.
Application of Optic Flow to Missiles (2001)

See Also ADM201318, Workshop on Precision Guidance of Small Diameter Missiles, 25-26 Apr 2001, Redstone Arsenal, Alabama. The original document contains color images. Viewgraphs only.