gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Solar ultraviolet-B irradiance and vitamin D may reduce the risk of septicemia (2009)

The primary features of the epidemiology of septicemia in the United States include highest rates in winter and the Northeast, lowest in fall and in the West; higher rates among African Americans than white Americans; a rapid increase in incidence with age; comorbidity with several chronic and infectious diseases; and a rapid increase in incidence rate starting in the early 1980s. This article reviews the literature on the epidemiology of septicemia in the United States, along with the roles of solar ultraviolet-B (UVB) and vitamin D3 related to the more important features. Solar UVB doses in summer are highest in the Southwest and lowest in the Northeast. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels are highest in summer, lowest in winter. African Americans have much lower 25(OH)D levels than those of white Americans. Serum 25(OH)D levels decline rapidly with advancing age. The risk of diseases comorbid with septicemia are generally inversely correlated with serum 25(OH)D levels. Sun-avoidance messages may have led to lower population levels of 25(OH)D, although prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria may have increased. Previous reports have shown that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D upregulates human cathelicidin, LL-37, which has antimicrobial as well as antiendotoxin activity. The general agreement between the epidemiology of septicemia in the United States and the variations of solar UVB and the effects of vitamin D supports the hypothesis that both play important roles in reducing the risk of septicemia. Further study is warranted to evaluate this hypothesis.
Analysis of the use of tapered graded-index polymer optical fibers for refractive-index sensors (2008)

The behavior of tapered graded-index polymer optical fibers is analyzed computationally for different refractive indices of the surrounding medium. This serves to clarify the main parameters affecting their possible performance as refractive-index sensors and extends an existing study of similar structures in glass fibers. The ray-tracing method is employed, its specific implementation is explained, and its results are compared with experimental ones, both from our laboratory and from the literature. The results show that the current commercial graded-index polymer optical fibers can be used to measure a large range of refractive indices with several advantages over glass fibers.
Tejido de San Eudaldo de Ripoll (1988)

Examines the history, structure, manufacturing and restoration of a 17th-century humeral veil of San Eudaldo de Ripoll in Ripoll, Spain. The veil is made of silk and gold braid, and was discovered in the reliquary of San Eudaldo (1670). Restoration work involved cleaning, drying, disinfection, and consolidating the support.
Note-taking with a camera: whiteboard scanning and image enhancement (2004)

The paper describes a system for scanning the content on a whiteboard into a computer by a digital camera and also for enhancing the visual quality of whiteboard images. Because digital cameras are becoming accessible to average users, more and more people use digital cameras to take pictures of whiteboards instead of copying manually, thus increasing productivity significantly. However, the images are usually taken from an angle, resulting in undesired perspective distortion. They also contain other distracting regions such as walls. We have developed a system that automatically locates the boundary of a whiteboard, crops out the whiteboard region, rectifies it into a rectangle, and corrects the color to make the whiteboard completely white. In the case where a single image is not enough (e.g., large whiteboard and low-res camera), we have developed a robust feature-based technique to stitch multiple overlapping images automatically. We therefore reproduce the whiteboard content as a faithful electronic document which can be archived or shared with others. The system has been tested extensively, and very good results have been obtained.
An experimental investigation of heat transfer effects on boundary layer separation in supersonic flow (1957)

Experiments have been done on the effects of heat transfer on wall-pressure distributions through separated regions with both laminar and turbulent boundary layers at a free-stream Mach number of about 3. The temperature of the flat plate on which the boundary layer was formed could be varied from about − 35° C to + 75° C. According to theory, this variation should have produced appreciable alterations at a laminar separation point in either the pressure or the pressure gradient, but no sign of this appeared in the overall pressure distributions, which, for laminar layers, remained unaffected by wall temperature. A possible explanation is given for this apparent discrepancy between theory and experiment. With turbulent layers, the variations in wall temperature did produce small changes in the pressure distributions. However, for most practical purposes such changes could be ignored. Hence the convenient conclusion is suggested that in supersonic separating flow with either a laminar or a turbulent boundary layer the pressure distributions are not significantly affected by moderate variations in wall temperature.
Sclerosing Peritonitis -The Contribution of Chlorhexidine in Alcohol (1985)

Sclerosing peritonitis now is recognized as an extremely serious complication of peritoneal dialysis. In Glasgow II of 162 patients on CAPD developed sclerosing peritonitis. All 11 came from a group of 54 patients, who used a connecting system that allowed small quantities of the antiseptic spray, chlorhexidine in alcohol, to enter the abdomen. Experiments showed that I ml of this solution added to 2 litres of dialysate produced up to a 20. fold increase in the particle count of the dialysate. Scanning electron microscopy suggested that these particles probably were plastic. In rats intraperitoneal injections of a mixture of antiseptic spray and dialysate produced an inflammatory reaction in the submesothelial tissues, which might represent the early changes of a fibrotic process. To prevent possible longterm complications such as sclerosing peritonitis we should avoid the introduction into the peritoneal cavity of any unnecessary substance and in particular chlorhexidine in alcohol.
Use of green fluorescent protein and luciferase biomarkers to monitor survival and activity of <i>Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus</i> A6 cells during degradation of 4‐chlorophenol in soil (2001)

The recently isolated novel species Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus A6 is capable of growth on and degradation of high concentrations of 4-chlorophenol (up to 350 microg ml(-1)) as the sole carbon and energy source. This strain shows promise for bioremediation of environmental sites contaminated with high levels of chlorophenols. In this study, green fluorescent protein (gfp) or luciferase (luc) genes were used as biomarkers for monitoring cell number and activity, respectively, during degradation of 4-chlorophenol by A. chlorophenolicus cells. The individual marked strains, Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus A6L (luc-tagged) and Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus A6G (gfp-tagged), were monitored during degradation of 250 microg ml(-1) 4-chlorophenol in pure culture and 175 microg g(-1) 4-chlorophenol in soil microcosms. Both gene-tagged strains were capable of cleaning up the contaminated soil during 9 d incubation. During the bioremediation experiments, the luc-tagged cells were monitored using luminometry and the gfp-tagged cells using flow cytometry, in addition to selective plate counting for both strains. The cells remained at high population levels in the soil (evidenced by GFP-fluorescent cell counts) and the A. chlorophenolicus A6L population was metabolically active (evidenced by luciferase activity measurements). These results demonstrate that the Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus A6 inoculum is effective for cleaning-up soil containing high concentrations of 4-chlorophenol.
Efficiently handling feature redundancy in high-dimensional data (2003)

High-dimensional data poses a severe challenge for data mining. Feature selection is a frequently used technique in pre-processing high-dimensional data for successful data mining. Traditionally, feature selection is focused on removing irrelevant features. However, for high-dimensional data, removing redundant features is equally critical. In this paper, we provide a study of feature redundancy in high-dimensional data and propose a novel correlation-based approach to feature selection within the filter model. The extensive empirical study using real-world data shows that the proposed approach is efficient and effective in removing redundant and irrelevant features.
Estimating the success of re-identifications in incomplete datasets using generative models (2019)

While rich medical, behavioral, and socio-demographic data are key to modern data-driven research, their collection and use raise legitimate privacy concerns. Anonymizing datasets through de-identification and sampling before sharing them has been the main tool used to address those concerns. We here propose a generative copula-based method that can accurately estimate the likelihood of a specific person to be correctly re-identified, even in a heavily incomplete dataset. On 210 populations, our method obtains AUC scores for predicting individual uniqueness ranging from 0.84 to 0.97, with low false-discovery rate. Using our model, we find that 99.98% of Americans would be correctly re-identified in any dataset using 15 demographic attributes. Our results suggest that even heavily sampled anonymized datasets are unlikely to satisfy the modern standards for anonymization set forth by GDPR and seriously challenge the technical and legal adequacy of the de-identification release-and-forget model.
A Human RNA Polymerase II Transcription Termination Factor Is a SWI2/SNF2 Family Member (1998)

We obtained protein sequence information from Drosophila factor 2, an ATP-dependent RNA polymerase II transcription termination factor, and discovered that it was identical to a SWI2/SNF2 family member called lodestar. Portions of putative human and Caenorhabditis elegans homologues were found in the sequence data bases and a complete cDNA for the human factor was generated using polymerase chain reaction techniques. Recombinant human factor 2 was produced in a baculovirus expression system, purified, and characterized. Similar to the authentic Drosophila factor, the human factor displayed a strong double-stranded DNA-dependent ATPase activity that was inhibited by single-stranded DNA and exhibited RNA polymerase II termination activity. Both factors were able to work on elongation complexes from either species. We discuss the mechanism of termination by factor 2 and the implications for the role of factor 2 in cellular activities.
150. The effect of molecular environment on the absorption spectra of organic compounds in solution. Part III. Compounds containing the chromophore >CC—CN— (1943)

L. K. Evans and A. E. Gillam, J. Chem. Soc., 1943, 565 DOI: 10.1039/JR9430000565
Student Reports of Peer Threats of Violence: Prevalence and Outcomes (2012)

Authorities in education and law enforcement have recommended that schools use a threat-assessment approach to prevent violence, but there is relatively little research on characteristics and outcomes of threats among students. The current study examined student reports of threat experiences in a sample of 3,756 high school students. Approximately 12% of students reported being threatened at school in the past 30 days, but only 23% of threatened students regarded the threat as serious and just 26% reported the threat to school authorities. Only 9% of students who received a threat reported that it was carried out. Five reasons why students did not report threats were identified. Logistic regression analyses identified student and threat characteristics associated with threat reporting and outcome. These findings provide new information about the prevalence and nature of student threats that can inform a threat assessment approach to school violence prevention.
Hybrid ARQ protocols using space-time codes (2002)

Automatic repeat-request (ARQ) protocols using transmit diversity are investigated. The performance of space-time codes (STC) in a pure ARQ protocol (ST-ARQ) is first examined. Two hybrid ARQ schemes using STC are then proposed: space-time hybrid ARQ (ST-HARQ) and turbo space-time hybrid ARQ (TST-HARQ). For the ST-HARQ scheme, the previous transmitted packets are combined with the current received packet. In this scheme, the diversity gain is increased with every retransmission resulting in a higher probability of an accepted packet. For TST-HARQ, the transmitted packets are code combined and iteratively decoded. Performance analysis of ST-ARQ and ST-HARQ are approximated and shown to agree well with simulated results. TST-HARQ is shown to have the highest throughput efficiency compared to ST-HARQ and ST-ARQ in quasi-static and fast flat Rayleigh fading channels.
The infrared absorption spectrum of dextran and its bound water (1974)

Abstract Almost complete assignments are presented for the infrared absorption spectrum of dextran. These assignments were made by normal group analysis of the subaltern bands within the broad composite bands constituting the spectrum, and by examining the conclusions in the light of normal coordinate analysis of the repeat unit of this polymer. The α‐1,6‐glycosidic linkages in dextran have been found to result in lower intermolecular hydrogen bonding than in other glucans and this explains many features of the spectrum, including the occurrence of a variety of bands originating from different types of bound water. Particularly, a very strong band at 800 cm −1 corresponding to the libration vibration of ice, which occurs in the spectrum of freeze‐dried dextran, is of great interest and has been ascribed to “organized” water.
0307 Interfacial tension of water transporting in graphite nano pore (2010)

In this research, we reported the dependence of pore size on the characteristics of transport phenomena of confined water in a nano slit pore by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The two surfaces were made of graphite, whose distance was set at 15 and 30 Å. The interaction potential between water and carbon was Lennard-Jones potential, and that between water molecules was SPC/E. The water formed a film in each system. The film moved when pressure gradient parallel to the walls was given to water molecules in the pore. From the results, we examined dependence of the velocity of water in the slit pores on pore width.
Dynamic characteristics of a transient phase-coupled and mode-locked fiber-array laser (1995)

The laser emission behavior of an array consisting of 150 Nd-doped fibers arranged within a common resonator is characterised by the synchronization of the individual emitters via injection seeding. The spatial and temporal synchronization of the array elements is investigated by time-resolved experiments on the nanosecond and picosecond time scale.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A novel permission-based reliable distributed mutual exclusion algorithm for MANETs (2010)

Distributed mutual exclusion provides access to shared critical resources amongst different mobile nodes in a MANET. Several solutions for fixed networks like token-based and permission-based algorithms have been proposed in the literature. In this paper, we have come up with a novel permission-based algorithm for solving the problem that can handle site failures. Our approach introduces a new message called HOLD message to ensure that the requesting nodes be aware of the node currently executing in the critical section. Our algorithm doesn't predetermine the timeouts as static values like the earlier algorithms in the literature. We use an adaptable timeout mechanism so that we can deal with critical sections having varying execution times. This paper presents an algorithm that can handle situations where the node in critical section itself can fail, with the help of the HOLD message and the adaptive timeout mechanism. We have also given the correctness of our algorithm.
Kinetics of Methanol–Lactic Acid Reaction (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetics of Methanol–Lactic Acid ReactionRalph A. Troupe and Kenneth A. KobeCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1950, 42, 7, 1403–1409Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50487a040https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50487a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views155Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Off-Line Jawi Handwriting Recognition using Hamming Classification (2009)

Research on character recognition is divided into two forms which are on-line and off-line recognition. For on-line recognition, the user will write on input surface which is called tablet and it will recognize the character immediately, while off-line recognition is a recognition process that using a written document which will be scan and save into a computer for further processing. Pre-processing such as transformation of image into binary, line segmentation or character segmentation need to be done and it must be done accurately as possible. After pre-processing is done, the recognition process will recognize the character that has been segmentized. This research is focusing on off-line character recognition. The algorithm of pre-processing such as line and character segmentation is studied and determined so that the design can give a good result and can be implemented in hardware. A process of transformation towards the characters is done using Discrete Wavelet Transform since it will show the details of the pixels. After that, a process to generate a sequence of binary that using a value of threshold (threshold value is determine by experiment) is done so that it can be use for recognition process. This sequence of binary will be classified using Hamming Distance which it can trace bit changes in the two sequence of binary and the bit value distinction will be used to recognize the character.
LiDAR DATA ACCURACY: THE IMPACT OF PULSE REPETITION RATE (2006)

LiDAR has become a mainstream technology for surface data acquisition for a variety of large-scale mapping applications. Since demand for denser LiDAR data is growing, higher and higher pulse repetition rate LiDAR systems are introduced. The state-of-the-art LiDAR systems are capable of providing as high as 100 kHz or even 150 kHz pulse repetition rate. Due to limitations of the laser power supply on the aircraft, higher pulse repetition rate usually means lower energy of the emitted laser pulse, which in turn can result in the degradation of the accuracy of the measured range. Consequently, it is important to study the effect of increased pulse rate on LiDAR data accuracy. This paper provides an analysis of the effect of pulse repetition rate on the absolute LiDAR data accuracy. To support our investigations, a test flight was carried out with the Optech ALTM 30/70 LiDAR system. A transportation corridor was flown many times with different pulse repetition rates: 33, 50, and 70 kHz. To provide absolute control information in the LiDAR data to facilitate our analysis, 30 LiDAR-specific ground control targets were placed along the two sides of the road. The analysis revealed a noticeable relationship between LiDAR data accuracy and pulse rate. It was also found that using absolute control information the accuracy degradation with higher pulse rates can be compensated.
An "Opposition" to the Recently-Proposed Legislation Related to Business Model Patents, 20 J. Marshall J. Computer & Info. L. 397 (2002) (2002)

The authors in this article review the history of the business method exception before and after the State Street Bank case. In that case, the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit decided that there was no business method exception, and never had been. The court pointed out that previous decisions were decided on other grounds found in the statutes. The authors argue that, because of the timing and economic environment of the decision, the case gained much popularity and discussion. However, the patent law has not changed since then and the business method exception is still not a patentable subject matter. Hence, the authors argue that such custom-made legislation as the Business Method Patent Improvement Act of 2001, introduced in 2001, would create rather than address problems.
Somatic Embryogenesis and Analysis of Peroxidase in Cultured Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Cotyledons (1992)

Somatic embryos were induced in lettuce cotyledons cultured on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium containing either 2 mg l−1 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and 0.2 mg l−1 naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) or 0.2 mg l−1 BA and 2 mg l−1 NAA. Both combinations induced a frequency of over 70%. The explants cultured only in the presence of 2,4-dichlorphenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) did not produce somatic embryos. The development of the embryoids was studied histologically and by scanning electron microscopy. Peroxidase activity was assayed and the isoenzyme pattern of calluses was determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Callus from an embryogenic line showed a much higher peroxidase activity than that from a non-embryogenic line, one extra peroxidase isozyme band being present and typical of the embryogenic callus. No qualitative differences were detectable between the embryogenic calluses.
A robust Dynamic Time Warping algorithm for batch trajectory synchronization (2008)

Derivative Dynamic Time Warping (DDTW) is useful in time series alignment to avoid singularity points and reduce the bias of alignment results towards the reference trajectory compare with Dynamic Time Warping (DTW). In order to apply DDTW to an industrial environment, a robust DDTW (RDDTW) algorithm is proposed by combining a moving window least squares procedure with DDTW. The developed algorithm is tested with noisy data and results are compared with those of DDTW and DTW.
An arctangent type wideband PM/FM demodulator with improved performances (2002)

It is shown that in PM (phase modulation) and FM (frequency modulated) communication systems a real baseband message is transformed into a complex baseband signal which is a rolled up version of that message on a unity radius cylinder. PM and FM signals could therefore be seen as QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation) signals and demodulated as such with a QAM demodulator. Various methods are presented which permit one to unroll the complex received signal in order to give back the original real baseband message. Among them, a modified version of the 'ranged extended tangent type FM demodulator' is studied in more detail and found to give excellent results. Special attention is given to digital signal processing.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>