gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spatial noise and threshold contrasts in LCD displays (2003)

This paper presents the results of initial physical and psycho-physical evaluations of the noise of high resolution LCDs. 5 LCDs were involved, having 4 different pixel structures. Spatial as well as temporal noise was physically measured with the aid of a high-performance CCD camera. Human contrast sensitivity in the presence of spatial noise was determined psycho-physically using periodic stimuli (square-wave patterns) as well as aperiodic stimuli (squares). For the measurements of the human contrast sensitivity, all LCDs were calibrated to the DICOM 14 Grayscale Standard Display Function (GSDF). The results demonstrate that spatial noise is the dominant noise in all LCDs, while temporal noise is insignificant and plays only a minor part. The magnitude of spatial noise of LCDs is in the range between that of CRTs with a P104 and that of CRTs with a P45. Of particular importance with respect to LCD noise is the contribution of the pixel structure to the Noise Power Spectrum, which shows up as sharp spikes at spatial frequencies beyond the LCDs’ Nyquist frequency. The paper does not offer any clues about the importance of these spikes on the human contrast sensitivity.
Biochemical basis of heart function: 1. relation of catecholamine stores and contractile force in an isolated rat heart (1971)

Under different experimental conditions, endogenous noradrenaline and contractile force of the isolated rat heart were measured concomitantly. Neither substrate-depleted nor hypoxic hearts, which failed to generate contractility, showed a proportional decline in noradrenaline concentration. The catecholamine stores decreased but the contractile force was maintained in hearts perfused with medium containing glucose for 2 hr. In hearts from animals treated with reserpine, catecholamine stores were markedly reduced and contractility increased while, in hearts from animals treated with nialamide, catecholamine stores were increased without any change in contractility. Essentially a good correlation was noted between results concerning catecholamine stores measured by chemical and histochemical techniques. The data do not suggest any relation between endogenous noradrenaline stores and myocardial contractility.
Design and Impelemation of Two Switchable Chaotic Systems (2011)

A new chaotic system is built which is consists of two subsystems. A subsystem is analyzed such as equilibrium, eigenvalue, Lyapunov, dimension and Lyapunov exponent. A practical circuit is designed to realize the system and the experimentation is carried out. The manifold chaotic attractor of the two subsystems is observed in the oscillograph, it is good agree with simulation.
Dynamic Sorting of Nuclear Components into Distinct Nucleolar Caps during Transcriptional Inhibition (2005)

Nucleolar segregation is observed under some physiological conditions of transcriptional arrest. This process can be mimicked by transcriptional arrest after actinomycin D treatment leading to the segregation of nucleolar components and the formation of unique structures termed nucleolar caps surrounding a central body. These nucleolar caps have been proposed to arise from the segregation of nucleolar components. We show that contrary to prevailing notion, a group of nucleoplasmic proteins, mostly RNA binding proteins, relocalized from the nucleoplasm to a specific nucleolar cap during transcriptional inhibition. For instance, an exclusively nucleoplasmic protein, the splicing factor PSF, localized to nucleolar caps under these conditions. This structure also contained pre-rRNA transcripts, but other caps contained either nucleolar proteins, PML, or Cajal body proteins and in addition nucleolar or Cajal body RNAs. In contrast to the capping of the nucleoplasmic components, nucleolar granular component proteins dispersed into the nucleoplasm, although at least two (p14/ARF and MRP RNA) were retained in the central body. The nucleolar caps are dynamic structures as determined using photobleaching and require energy for their formation. These findings demonstrate that the process of nucleolar segregation and capping involves energy-dependent repositioning of nuclear proteins and RNAs and emphasize the dynamic characteristics of nuclear domain formation in response to cellular stress.
Coinmovilización y estabilización de oxidasas y catalasas : aplicaciones biotecnológicas (2005)

Las oxidasas tienen un alto interes biotecnologico ya que son capaces de catalizar oxidaciones muy especificas de compuestos organicos, bajo condiciones suaves de reaccion y utilizando oxigeno molecular como agente oxidante. Sin embargo, estas enzimas son bastante inestables dado que podrian sufrir inactivacion por disociacion de subunidades, distorsion de su estructura tridimensional, disociacion de cofactores o modificacion quimica causada por el peroxido de hidrogeno producido como subproducto de la reaccion de oxidacion. El objetivo principal de esta tesis es la optimizacion de biotransformaciones catalizada por oxidasas mediante la preparacion de derivados inmovilizados altamente estabilizados. Para alcanzar este objetivo intentamos dos estrategias complementarias: la inmovilizacion covalente multipuntual y multisubunidades (para evitar distorsiones de la molecula de enzima o disociacion de subunidades) y la coinmovilizacion de oxidas as con catalasas para eliminar in situ el peroxido de hidrogeno formado. Las biotrasnformaciones estudiadas fueron: la preparacion del acido cetoadipiI7-aminocefalosporanico. A partir de Cefalosporina C utilizando una preparacion de D-aminoacido oxidasa y catalasa coinmovilizadas, la preparacion del acido gluconico utilizando un derivado de glucosa oxidasa y catalasa coinmovilizadas y la preparacion de fructooligosacatidos a partir de sacarosa utilizando una fructosiltransferasa (FST) inmovilizada, en la que la presencia de glucosa oxidasa se requiere para eliminar la glucosa formada como subproducto de la reaccion ya que esta tienen un efeto inhibidor sobre la FST. Se prepararon una amplia gama de derivados inmovilizados de catalasas de diferentes origenes (de higado bovino (BLC), Aspergillus niger, Micrococcus Iysodeikticus, y Thermus thermophilus) utilizando diferentes estrategias fisicoquimicas. En todos los casos estas enzimas se estabilizaron por inmovilizaci
Anwendungen der Querstrommembranfiltration in der Lebensmittelindustrie (2006)

Einleitung Milchindustrie Übersicht der Milchindustrie Hauptanwendungen von Membranen in der Milchindustrie Herstellung von Milchprodukten Herstellung von Molkeproteinprodukten Käseherstellung Fermentierte Lebensmittel Bier Bierrückgewinnung aus Überschusshefe Klärung von Bier Entalkoholisierung von Bier Wein Mostkonzentration/-optimierung Weinklärung/-schönung Verjüngung von alten Weinen (Lifting) Entalkoholisierung von Wein Essigherstellung Klärung von Essig Fruchtsäfte Klärung von Fruchtsaft Konzentration von Fruchtsaft Andere Anwendungen von Membranprozessen in der Lebensmittelindustrie Membranprozesse in der Lebensmittelproduktion Membranprozesse in Prozesswasseraufbereitung und Abwasserbehandlung Ausblick – Zukünftige Trends Neue Anwendungen für Membranprozesse Neue Membranprozesse Pervaporation Elektrodialyse Membrankontaktoren – Osmotische Destillation Integrierte Prozesslösungen: Synergien und Hybridprozesse Danksagungen Literatur
Eccentricity Related Forces in Two-Pole Induction Motor With Four-Pole Stator Damper Winding Analyzed Using Measured Rotor Orbits (2013)

A two-pole induction motor has been fitted with an extra three-phase four-pole stator winding to damp the unbalanced magnetic pull caused by eccentricity. In traditional two-pole induction machines, the interaction of two- and four-pole flux produces most of the magnetic forces. That force is greatly reduced if the four-pole stator winding is used to damp the four-pole flux. This causes some of the other magnetic force components to become more significant. This paper presents an estimate of what components comprise the total force on rotor and how they change when the speed, torque, and two-pole flux density of the machine are changed. The rotor is on a long flexible shaft supported by external bearings allowing the forces to move the rotor. Since the magnetic force depends on rotor eccentricity, the comparisons are done to the magnetic stiffness derived from the force. The radial movement of the rotor is measured as well as the two-, four-, and zero-pole (unipolar, homopolar) air-gap magnetic flux densities. All the results are based on measurements with a prototype test machine.
Proposal and numerical analysis of ultra-fast optical logic devices with integrated InAs QD-SOA and ring resonators (2011)

We analytically investigate the dynamic behaviors of the proposed optical XNOR and AND logic gate devices, with an monolithically integrated highly stacked InAs quantum dots structure SOA fabricated with the strain compensation technique and ring resonators. The calculated results indicate that the optical logic device can operate the logic gate functions at 160Gb/s RZ signals with large eye opening, the value of which is estimated to be 90.3%, as compared to the bulk-type SOA. And we show the potential of this device for routing signal processing in ultra-fast photonic network system.
Thin-film optical spectroscopic investigations of 1-alkyl-2-(carbomethoxy)- and 2-acetylpyridinyl radical monomers and dimers (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThin-film optical spectroscopic investigations of 1-alkyl-2-(carbomethoxy)- and 2-acetylpyridinyl radical monomers and dimersJoshua Hermolin, Menachem Levin, and Edward M. KosowerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 16, 4801–4807Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00406a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00406a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views55Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Sphenoethmoidal Sinusitis Complicated by Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis and Pontocerebellar Infarction (1988)

An unusual case of sphenoethmoidal sinusitis complicated by cavernous sinus thrombosis, meningitis and pontine and cerebellar infarction is described. The patient presented with advanced intracranial complications which in retrospect caused delay in recognition and treatment of the underlying sphenoethmoidal sinusitis. Surgical drainage of the sinusitis was ultimately required. The pathogenesis of these complications is discussed, and the topic of sphenoid sinusitis reviewed in order to emphasize the numerous neurological manifestations of this disease.
1,2,4-Triazines. VI. Tautomerism in substituted 2,3-dihydro-3-oxo-1,2,4-triazines (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT1,2,4-Triazines. VI. Tautomerism in substituted 2,3-dihydro-3-oxo-1,2,4-triazinesWilliam W. Paudler and Jaekeun LeeCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1971, 36, 25, 3921–3925Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00824a015https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00824a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views286Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Removal of Chlorophenols and Chlorolignins from Bleaching Effluent by Combined Chemical and Biological Treatment (1988)

Organic matter from spent bleaching effluents (from chlorination (C) or extraction (E) stages, or a mixture of both) was effectively precipitated as a water insoluble complex with polyethyleneimine (polyimine). Precipitation was performed in a pilot unit operating automatically. The colour, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and adsorbable organic halogens (AOX) were reduced in the C-effluent by up to 92%, 65%, and 84%, respectively. Regarding the E-stage effluent, reduction was up to 76% for colour, 70% for COD, and 73% for AOX. No significant reduction of BOD5 was observed in the supernatant of the treated effluent. Fish toxicity was greatly reduced. Laccase increased the molecular weight of the effluent constituents, thus facilitating subsequent precipitation. After treatment with laccase, the bulk of mono- and dichlorophenol is coprecipitated with the liquors from the C and E bleaching stages. Fungi (representatives of the genera Aspergillus and Penicillium) achieved an appreciable level of degradation of chlorophenols and other chloroorganic compounds from the bleaching effluent.
Effect of Fiber Length on Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene Nanobiocomposites Reinforced with Kenaf Fiber and Nanoclay (2014)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Experimental Results and Discussion Conclusions
IN and TINA-how to solve the interworking (2002)

This paper examines the interworking between IN and TINA networks which will become necessary when first TINA networks emerge. In the area of IN, interworking with TINA networks will be needed, for example, for communication between service logics. For the definition of interworking scenarios the SCF-SCF INAP interface and the ISUP interface were used on the IN side. For the TINA side suitable TINA interfaces had to be identified. Based on these interfaces Interworking Units were defined. They simulate that the corresponding system is of the same technology as the originating one. This is important for the fact that interworking with a system of another technology should not imply modifications of existing systems. Two interworking scenarios will be presented, accompanied by example services. Finally the applicability of existing products for the implementation of interworking units is examined. The paper is based on the work done in Eurescom project P-508 "Evolution migration paths and interworking to TINA".
Example-based shape from shading: 3D heads form 2D face images (2002)

Images taken of human faces vary in perspective depending on the view point of the observer. Few of the face recognition methods reported in the literature are capable of recognising faces under varying poses. To improve the ability of face recognition systems to recognise faces under varying poses, a novel method is proposed, that takes a face image of arbitrary pose and synthesises a standard frontal pose image of the same face.
Local discontinuity measures for 3-D seismic data (2002)

Abstract In this work, an analysis method is developed for the robust and efficient estimation of 3-D seismic local structural entropy, which is a measure of local discontinuity. This method avoids the computation of large covariance matrices and eigenvalues, associated with the eigenstructure-based and semblance-based coherency estimates. We introduce a number of local discontinuity measures, based on the relations between subvolumes (quadrants) of the analysis cube. The scale of the analysis is determined by the type of geological feature that is of interest to the interpreter. By combining local structural entropy volumes using various scales, we obtain a higher lateral resolution and better discrimination between incoherent and coherent seismic events. Furthermore, the method developed is computationally much more efficient than the eigenstructure-based coherency method. Its robustness is demonstrated by synthetic and real data examples.
Top-Down Proteomics for Rapid Identification of Intact Microorganisms (2005)

We apply MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry for the rapid and high-confidence identification of intact Bacillus spore species. In this method, fragment ion spectra of whole (undigested) protein biomarkers are obtained without the need for biomarker prefractionation, digestion, separation, and cleanup. Laser-induced dissociation (unimolecular decay) of higher mass (>5 kDa) precursor ions in the first TOF analyzer is followed by reacceleration and subsequent high-resolution mass analysis of the resulting sequence-specific fragments in a reflectron TOF analyzer. In-house-developed software compares an experimental MS/MS spectrum with in silico-generated tandem mass spectra from all protein sequences, contained in a proteome database, with masses within a preset range around the precursor ion mass. A p-value, the probability that the observed matches between experimental and in silico-generated fragments occur by chance, is computed and used to rank the database proteins to identify the most plausible precursor protein. By inference, the source microorganism is then identified on the basis of the identification of individual, unique protein biomarker(s). As an example, intact Bacillus atrophaeus and Bacillus cereus spores, either pure or in mixtures, were unambiguously identified by this method after fragmenting and identifying individual small, acid-soluble spore proteins that are specific for each species. Factors such as experimental mass accuracy and number of detected fragment ions, precursor ion charge state, and sequence-specific fragmentation have been evaluated with the objective of extending the approach to other microorganisms. MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS in a lab setting is an efficient tool for in situ confirmation/verification of initial microorganism identification.
A review of medical education and medical informatics (1989)

Physicians have considerable difficulty collecting and interpreting information from patients, dealing with the uncertainties associated with diagnosing and treating their patients, communicating precisely with one another, keeping up to date, and applying recommended procedures when indicated. Some of the advances in information technology may help physicians to manage information more effectively through more accessible, validated clinical indexes, data bases of diagnostic test characteristics, computerized audits of clinical activities with feedback, expert systems, on-line access to the medical literature, and other tools of medical informatics. Medical educators can catalyze this process by facilitating the introduction of information technology into academic clinical settings so that students can learn its use first-hand and by promoting the evolution of this and other aspects of medical informatics, a new discipline dedicated to the solution of information problems in health care. The potential roles for computer-aided instruction and centralized computer laboratories in medical schools are much less clear.
Holistic View on Health: Two Protective Layers of Biodiversity (2017)

The western world has witnessed a rising epidemic of chronic inflammatory disorders, such as allergies and asthma. This epidemic is expected to spread also to the rest of the world, where allergies have to date been practically absent, along with adoption of western lifestyle. In parallel, biological diversity is globally declining. This inspired Ilkka Hanski, together with medical doctors, to formulate the biodiversity hypothesis of allergic disease. This hypothesis proposes that reduced contact with natural environments, including natural microbial diversity, is associated with unhealthy human microbiota, less able to educate the immune system. Contact with beneficial bacteria, particularly early in life, seems to be instrumental to the normal development of immune responses. Changes in lifestyle and diet, destruction of natural environments, and urbanisation threaten our natural exposure to these beneficial bacteria and thus also reduce their impact on our physiology. To ensure a healthy life, we need to preserve biodiversity in the environment and make sure it finds a favourable home in us. In this review, we will focus on the role of commensal microbiota in human health and wellbeing, as well as the interaction between our microbiota and environmental microbiota, highlighting the contribution of Ilkka Hanski.
High-resolution mapping of electric field inside organic optoelectronic devices (2008)

By combining confocal microscopy with electroreflectance spectroscopy we directly map electric field amplitude distribution between electrodes in a prototypical organic semiconductor device. We demonstrate this approach on a copper phthalocyanine photodetector.
The role of interfacial defects in enhancing the critical current density of YBa2Cu3O7-delta coatings (2009)

The critical current density (J{sub c}) of YBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}0{sub 7-{delta}} (YBCO) films can approach 10 MA/cm{sup 2} at 77 K in self field , but only for very thin films. We have shown previously that strong thickness dependence results if J{sub c} is enhanced near the film-substrate interface. In the present work we investigate interfacial enhancement using laser-deposited YBCO films on NdGaO{sub 3} substrates, and find that we can adjust deposition conditions to switch the enhancement on and off. Interestingly, we find that the 'on' state is accompanied by interfacial misfit dislocations, establishing an unambiguous correlation between enhanced J{sub c} and dislocations at the film-substrate interface.
A modified approach for estimating pseudo-vapor pressures in the application of the Dubinin-Astakhov equation (1995)

High pressure adsorption data of methane and hydrogen on four microporous carbons were obtained at supercritical temperatures. The data were analyzed on the basis of the Potential Theory using the Dubinin-Astakhov (D-A) equation. The method for estimating pseudo-vapor pressures proposed by Dubinin resulted in characteristic curves for methane but failed for the hydrogen data. A more general form of Dubinin's method for estimating pseudo-vapor pressures is proposed. This approach introduces a parameter, k, that accounts for interactions in the adsorbate-adsorbent systems under consideration. It was found that the modified approach to the use of the D-A equation leads to reliable prediction of both methane and hydrogen data.
Erratum: Testing of Structural Urban Tree Soil Materials for Use Under Pavement to Increase Street Tree Rooting Volumes (1997)

Arboriculture & Urban Forestry Online. Full-text article from Arboriculture & Urban Forestry, 2002 onward. Erratum: Testing of Structural Urban Tree Soil Materials for Use Under Pavement to Increase Street Tree Rooting Volumes