gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Invasive Fungal Infections in Renally Impaired Patients with Amphotericin B Colloidal Dispersion (1998)

Amphotericin B colloidal dispersion (ABCD) is a new formulation of conventional amphotericin B designed to minimize drug distribution in the kidney and reduce nephrotoxicity. We studied the safety and efficacy of ABCD in 133 renally compromised patients with invasive fungal infections. Patients had either nephrotoxicity from amphotericin B or preexisting renal disease. Intravenous treatment with ABCD (4 mg/kg of body weight daily) was administered for up to 6 weeks. Evaluations included clinical response to treatment and adverse events, with emphasis on changes in serum creatinine levels. ABCD did not appear to have an adverse effect on renal function: mean serum creatinine level tended to decrease slightly with days on therapy, and increases were not dose related. Complete or partial response to treatment was reported for 50% of the 133 intent-to-treat patients and 67% of the 58 evaluable patients.
Slides - Gd-Alloy PATRAM 2004. (2008)

Abstract not provided.
Aqueous Phase Oxidation of Organics (Wet-Air, Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium, Synergism, Free Radical, Xylene, Phenol). (1985)

Fundamental disappearance kinetics parameters have been obtained for four compounds individually subjected to aqueous phase oxidation. These four compounds are m-xylene, phenol, tetrachloroethylene, and malathion. Concentration histories were obtained using a one liter "sampled-batch" reactor. Reaction conditions ranged from 114-290 (DEGREES)C and 1000-2500 psi air. A kinetics model incorporating vapor-liquid equilibrium effects was developed and used to determine reaction rate constants. The reactions were found to be first order in organic and 1/2 order in oxygen. Induction periods were observed for m-xylene and phenol. The durations of these periods were found to be inversely proportional to oxygen concentration. Activation energies were determined for all compounds except malathion which reacted at rates faster than could be measured. Two reaction rate enhancement techniques were investigated, namely initiation and synergism. The former was explored by adding hydrogen peroxide to m-xylene reactions. It was discovered that small amounts of initiator eliminated the induction period without affecting the subsequent reaction rate. Synergism experiments entailed reacting m-xylene and phenol simultaneously. When starting with equimolar quantities of each, the m-xylene reaction rate was increased by about 1.5 orders of magnitude while phenol rates were only slightly decreased. A final set of experiments determined that additions of soil to m-xylene reactions dramatically reduced reaction rates. Tetrachloroethylene, however, was unaffected by such additions. A free radical mechanism involving hydroperoxides and degenerate chain branching was shown to accurately describe the individual m-xylene and phenol reaction results.
Characterisation of glutamine uptake in rat liver mitochondria (1991)

Glutamine is taken up by rat liver mitochondria in an electroneutral manner with a K m of 3.3 mM and a V max of 33 nmol × min −1 × mg −1 at 10°C. The uptake is driven by the mitochondrial pH/cytosolic pH difference in isolated mitochondria, as well as in the intact rat liver. The rate of uptake is stimulated at a more alkaline matrix pH due to a stimulation of mitochondrial glutaminase. Our data confirm the notion that glutamine metabolism is regulated by pH, not only at the site of its metabolism but also through regulation of its transport systems.
The use of viscoelastometry to determine survival curves for intact genomes. (1984)

Viscoelastometry enables one to determine both size (Mr) and number concentration (L1) of intact genome molecules in solution. Comparison of four parameters, corrected for shear stress, as functions of 60Co gamma-ray dose showed that (1) the principal retardation time (tau 11,0) remained constant, indicating that intact genomes (bacteriophage T4c) were being measured; (2) the principal recoil (gamma 11,r,0) decreased with dose directly proportionately to (and determining) L1; (3) both the total recoil (gamma r,0) and the recoil area (Ar,0), under conditions of high solvent viscosity decreased with dose almost as sensitively as gamma 11,r,0. The DNAD37 was 540 +/- 25 Gy and the biological PFUD37 was 410.1 +/- 4.5 Gy yielding 75.9 +/- 3.6% of inactivating events explicable by one double-strand break (DSB) per genome. This value is comparable to Freifelder's [Virology 36, 613-619 (1981)] value of 86% for phage T4r48+, and the Frankenberg-Schwager et al. (Br. J. Cancer, in press) value of 0.84 DSB/cell/lethal event in diploid mutant rad54-3 yeast under conditions restrictive for DSB repair. Therefore, T4c may be an excellent model system for DNA damage repair studies with relevance to pro- and eukaryotes. Viscoelastometry, working near its lower size limit, provided precise estimates of the proportion of genomes lacking DSBs. It is not subject to the molecular deformation upper size limitations of the other biophysically understood size measurement methods (e.g., sedimentation rotor speed dependence). Therefore, it should be the method of choice for the study of genomes larger than those of the T even bacteriophages.
Examination of Selected Clinical Factors and Medication Use as Risk Factors for Pneumonia During Stroke Rehabilitation (2008)

A reduction in pneumonia was not found with the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Although tracheostomies, feeding tubes, proton pump inhibitor or H2 blocker use, and the presence of dysphagia were identified as risk factors for pneumonia on univariate analyses, none of these factors demonstrated an independent association with pneumonia on multivariate analyses. It may be more that the underlying impairment, rather than the assessed interventions, may confer greater risk of pneumonia in the poststroke patient.
Antitumor Activities of a Novel 9‐Aminoanthracycline (SM‐5887) against Mouse Experimental Tumors and Human Tumor Xenografts (1989)

The antitumor effects of SM-5887, a totally synthetic 9-aminoanthracycline derivative, were evaluated in six murine experimental tumor systems (P388, Ehrlich carcinoma, sarcoma 180, Lewis lung carcinoma, B16 melanoma and colon 38) and nine human tumor-nude mouse systems (one breast cancer, two lung cancers and six gastric cancers). Characteristically SM-5887 showed excellent antitumor activities, superior to adriamycin (ADR), against human tumor xenografts, although its activities against murine experimental tumors were almost equal to those of ADR. When the human tumors were implanted sc in female athymic mice (BALB/c, nu/nu) and their volume reached 100-300 mm3, SM-5887 and ADR were injected iv. All nine human tumors tested showed statistically significant responses to SM-5887, and 7 of them were strongly suppressed in their growth by SM-5887 so that minimum T/C values were less than 30% at the maximum tolerated dose (MTD, 25 mg/kg) with a single iv injection. Compared with ADR, SM-5887 was statistically more effective in five tumors (one breast, one lung and three gastric), equal in two tumors (two gastric), and less potent in two tumors (one lung and one gastric). In addition, the 10-day-interval repeated iv treatments with SM-5887 at the MTD (25 mg/kg) resulted in remarkably potent antitumor effects (including complete regression) against human gastric cancer, 4-1ST, implanted in nude mice without enhancement of toxic effects. SM-5887 was also effective against ip-inoculated P388 by oral administration as well as iv injection.
Nonlinear Transient Finite Element of Stressed Sandwich Composite Arches (1995)

Dynamic stability of prestressed sandwich composite arches subjected to impulsive loads is investigated. The complexity of the problem rises from sequential fabrication of the arch. A nonlinear finite element model is developed that traces the stress path in the composite stressed-arch as it undergoes the fabrication process. Upon erection of the arch, its stability under dynamic loads is studied and compared with that of the conventional rigid arch. A convected corotational formulation is developed to represent the large displacements and large rotations of the finite elements, and Wilson-θ method is used for dynamic analysis.
The concept of regioselectivity in drug metabolism (1976)

Journal Article The concept of regioselectivity in drug metabolism Get access B Testa, B Testa School of Pharmacy, University of Lausanne, Place du Chateau, CH-1005 Lausanne, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P Jenner P Jenner University Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry & King's College Hospital Medical School, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, U.K. Correspondence: University Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry & King's College Hospital Medical School, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Volume 28, Issue 10, October 1976, Pages 731–744, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1976.tb04038.x Published: 12 April 2011 Article history Received: 28 April 1976 Published: 12 April 2011
Hemodynamics as a Local Factor for Stroke (1977)

Age-matched SHRSP and RHR produced experimentally from Wistar-Kyoto rats showed similar decreases in rCBF when they developed severe hypertension over 200mmHg 60 days after birth or 2 weeks after the operation, respectively. It is noteworthy that there was a regional difference in rCBF reduction, i.e., the reduction in the frontal cortex fed by recurrent branches was greater than that in the temporal cortex fed by current branches from the main cerebral arteries. The incidence of stroke was higher in the former than in the latter.On the other hand, model experiments proved that the flow ratio in recurrent branches was lower than that in current branches. These results seemed to support the importance of recurrent branching of the main cerebral arteries, i.e., the significance of hemodynamics as one of the local factors for stroke. Reduction of rCBF, caused by severe hypertension, especially in the region fed by recurrent branches, probably results in long-termed moderate anemic hypoxia followed by initiation of cerebrovascular damage.
Defective corticotropin-releasing hormone mediated neuroendocrine and behavioral responses in cholestatic rats: Implications for cholestatic liver disease-related sickness behaviors (1995)

Nonspecific systemic complaints are commonly encountered in patients with cholestatic liver diseases. However, the cause of these symptoms is poorly understood. Because corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) has been implicated as a mediator of sickness-related systemic symptoms, we examined CRH-mediated neuroendocrine and behavioral responses in rats with cholestasis due to bile duct resection (BDR) or sham resected (sham) controls. BDR and sham rats were placed individually in an open field apparatus, and the number of inner and outer squares entered, as well as the number of fecal boli produced, counted over a 5-minute period. Fecal boli production and inner squares entered are dependent on central CRH release. BDR and sham rats entered the same number of outer squares; however, BDR rats entered significantly fewer inner squares and produced fewer fecal boli than did sham rats, suggesting defective central CRH release in BDR rats. Immediately after exposure to the open field, rats were killed and blood adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels measured. ACTH release is dependent on central CRH release. BDR rats demonstrated significantly lower plasma ACTH levels after exposure to an open field than did sham animals. To further explore the central CRH defect in BDR rats, hypothalamic CRH contents were determined in BDR and sham rats with and without exposure to restraint stress. BDR rats had significantly lower basal hypothalamic CRH levels than sham animals, and CRH levels did not further decrease in BDR rats with restraint stress (as normally occurs). These results are consistent with defective CRH-mediated responses in cholestatic rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Abstract 19100: Transmural and Lateral Remodeling of the Post-infarction Scar Tissue: Serial Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study From the Metocard-Cnic Trial (2015)

Background: The remodeling process that occurs following an acute myocardial infarction produces changes in the myocardial scar and the surrounding tissue. The spatial evolution of the scar has not been yet characterized using MRI. Purpose: To describe the spatial behavior of myocardial scar on its transmural and lateral dimensions following an acute myocardial infarction. Methods: A total of 220 patients with acutely reperfused anterior STEMI (METOCARD-CNIC trial population) were studied. All the patients underwent cardiac MRI at day 7 and 6 months after presentation. The spatial distribution of the scar was analyzed using short axis late gadolinium enhancement images. Endo and epicardial contours of each LV short axis slice was traced, and each one was divided by 100 cords for analysis (Figure 1A). The lateral extension was defined as the percentage of cords with enhancement in every slice, and the transmural extension as the percentage of enhancement within each cord, nested in the lateral extension (Figure 1B). All slices were weighed according to their relative mass. Data were compared by paired t test. Results: Six months after STEMI, myocardial scar was smaller in both dimensions (Figure 1C). Mean ± SEM lateral scar, as a percentage of cords affected, at 7 days and 6 months were, respectively, 27.9 ± 1.1 and 22.2 ± 1.0 (p < 0.001). Transmurality also decreased significantly, mean percentage at day 7 was 46.8 ± 1.5 and at 6 months 35.4 ± 1.4 (p < 0.001). All these changes were accompanied by an increase in LV end-diastolic volume (171.47 ± 2.5 and 190.61 ± 2.9 (p < 0.001)). Conclusions: The myocardial scar remodeling process following a STEMI includes a reduction in both its transmural and lateral extensions.
A Unified Model of Acoustic and Lattice Waves in a One-Dimensional Strongly Coupled Dusty Plasma (1998)

~Received 11 May 1998; accepted 18 September 1998!An exact dispersion relation is obtained for linear dust-compressional waves in a one-dimensionalplasma crystal consisting of cold dust particles located at lattice points uniformly spaced inequilibrium. This general dispersion relation reduces in asymptotic limits to the dust-acoustic anddust-lattice wave dispersion relations. Implications for experiments are discussed. © 1999American Institute of Physics. @S1070-664X~99!00401-2#Strongly coupled dusty plasmas have attracted consider-able experimental and theoretical attention in recent years.There are two principal reasons why dusty plasmas are offundamental physical interest. The ﬁrst is the ability of dustparticles to organize themselves, under some conditions, intoan ordered spatial structure ~‘‘plasma crystals’’!, seen in sev-eral experiments.
Role of Toll Like Receptors in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Differential Mucosal Immune Activation According to the Disease Subtype (2012)

Our results provide the first evidence of differential expression of TLR in IBS patients according to the disease subtype. These results offer further support that microflora plays a central role in the complex pathophysiology of IBS providing novel pharmacological targets for this chronic gastrointestinal disorder according to bowel habits.
Electrical conductivity dispersion as a probe of membrane modifications in mouse polyomavirus infected cells in culture (1996)

In this report we investigate the inhibition of membrane conductivity, due to the murine polyomavirus infection in permissive cells in culture. We define experimental conditions to have reproducible results and demonstrate that the intensity of the effects on the cell membrane, depends upon the virus titer used in the infection. Finally, the virus dependent effects disappear if the infection is performed in the presence of a drug that inhibits polymavirus DNA replication.
Human-Automation Interaction and the Challenge of Maintaining Situation Awareness in Future Autonomous Vehicles (2019)

Automation has increasingly become a part of modern system technology in a wide variety of domain areas, from its early uses in manufacturing, aviation systems, and power systems to its current implementation in transportation vehicles. Across the past 50 years, considerable evidence has mounted demonstrating benefits from automation but also many challenges involving human interaction with automation that can contribute to catastrophic failures.
Role of convergent activation of glutamatergic and dopaminergic systems in the nucleus accumbens in the development of methamphetamine psychosis and dependence (2012)

Methamphetamine (Meth) abuse can result in long-lasting psychosis and dependence. The nucleus accumbens (NAc), which controls psychomotor and reward behaviours, is an important interface between the limbic system and receives convergent projections from dopaminergic and glutamatergic terminals. This study investigated the involvements of dopaminergic and glutamatergic transmission in the development of Meth psychosis and dependence by using tyrosine hydroxylase heterozygous mutant (TH+/-) mice and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor knockout (NR2A-/-) mice. Repeated treatment with Meth (1 mg/kg s.c.) for 7 d in wild-type mice led to the development of behavioural abnormalities such as hyperactivity, sensory motor gating deficits and place preference. Associated with the behavioural changes, repeated treatment with Meth led to protein kinase A activation and phosphorylation of Ca2+/calmodulin kinase II and cyclic AMP response element binding protein in the NAc. In contrast, TH+/- and NR2A-/- mice displayed neither behavioural abnormalities nor activation of intracellular signalling pathways in the NAc. These results suggest that both dopaminergic and glutamatergic transmission play a crucial role in the development of Meth psychosis and dependence, which are associated with convergent activation of intracellular signalling pathways in the NAc.
Preparation and characteristics of new reverse mode film of polymer dispersed liquid crystal type (1992)

A reverse mode operation has been achieved in a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) film by a novel methodology. A mixture of a dual frequency addressable liquid crystal (crossover frequency (fc): 13 kHz at 298 K), an acryl monomer and an acryl oligomer was irradiated by UV light under the application of an electric field [50 V, 100 Hz(≪fc)] to give a reverse mode PDLC film. The film thus prepared shows 95% transmittance in the absence of an applied voltage (OFF state), while the transmittance decreases to 5% by applying 50 V at 50 kHz (≳fc) (ON state). Upon removal of the applied voltage, the film transmittance returns to 95%. The response time (the ON time: 24 ms and the OFF time: 74 ms) are similar to those of normal mode PDLC films.
Starch Biosynthesis and Intermediary Metabolism in Maize Kernels. Quantitative Analysis of Metabolite Flux by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (2002)

The seeds of cereals represent an important sink for metabolites during the accumulation of storage products, and seeds are an essential component of human and animal nutrition. Understanding the metabolic interconversions (networks) underpinning storage product formation could provide the foundation for effective metabolic engineering of these primary nutritional sources. In this paper, we describe the use of retrobiosynthetic nuclear magnetic resonance analysis to establish the metabolic history of the glucose (Glc) units of starch in maize (Zea mays) kernels. Maize kernel cultures were grown with [U-(13)C(6)]Glc, [U-(13)C(12)]sucrose, or [1,2-(13)C(2)]acetate as supplements. After 19 d, starch was hydrolyzed, and the isotopomer composition of the resulting Glc was determined by quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. [1,2-(13)C(2)]Acetate was not incorporated into starch. [U-(13)C(6)]Glc or [U-(13)C(12)]sucrose gave similar labeling patterns of polysaccharide Glc units, which were dominated by [1,2,3-(13)C(3)]- and [4,5,6-(13)C(3)]-isotopomers, whereas the [U-(13)C(6)]-, [3,4,5,6-(13)C(4)]-, [1,2-(13)C(2)]-, [5,6-(13)C(2)], [3-(13)C(1)], and [4-(13)C(1)]-isotopomers were present at lower levels. These isotopomer compositions indicate that there is extensive recycling of Glc before its incorporation into starch, via the enzymes of glycolytic, glucogenic, and pentose phosphate pathways. The relatively high abundance of the [5,6-(13)C(2)]-isotopomer can be explained by the joint operation of glycolysis/glucogenesis and the pentose phosphate pathway.
VALUASI CAGAR BIOSFER KOMODO : IMPLEMENTASI KONSEP CAGAR BIOSFER DAN PERIODIC REVIEW -2010 (2010)

Implementasi konsep cagar biosfer di dalam pengelolaan kawasan cagar biosfer Komodo belum dilaksanakan sepenuhnya seperti belum dilakukannya sistem zonasi cagar biosfer, pembentukan kelegmbagaan penge
Regulation of Serum Sphingolipids in Andean Children Born and Living at High Altitude (3775 m) (2019)

Recent studies on Andean children indicate a prevalence of dyslipidemia and hypertension compared to dwellers at lower altitudes, suggesting that despite similar food intake and daily activities, they undergo different metabolic adaptations. In the present study, the sphingolipid pattern was investigated in serum of 7 underweight (UW), 30 normal weight (NW), 13 overweight (OW), and 9 obese (O) Andean children by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Results indicate that levels of Ceramides (Cers) and sphingomyelins (SMs) correlate positively with biochemical parameters (except for Cers and Vitamin D, which correlate negatively), whereas sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) correlates negatively. Correlation results and LC-MS data identify the axis high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), Cers, and S1P as related to hypoxia adaptation. Specifically UW children are characterized by increased levels of S1P compared to O and lower levels of Cers compared to NW children. Furthermore, O children show lower levels of S1P and similar levels of Cers and SMs as NW. In conclusion, our results indicate that S1P is the primary target of hypoxia adaptation in Andean children, and its levels are associated with hypoxia tolerance. Furthermore, S1P can act as marker of increased risk of metabolic syndrome and cardiac dysfunction in young Andeans living at altitude.
Direct measurement of ultrafast carrier processes in optical probing of GaInAs-type narrow band gap semiconductors (1990)

The relaxation time of hot carriers in bulk Ga47In053As has been measured as a function of excitation energy near and above the conduction band minimum, and as a function of carrier density. The carrier relaxation rate increases dramatically with excess energy, due to the additional energy decay provided by the LO phonons. As a function of carrier density, the scattering rate is maximum at densities below 1018 cm3, but decreases for higher carrier concentrations, falling roughly by half at 1019 cm3.
Vibration Suppression of a Composite Prosthetic Foot Using Piezoelectric Shunt Damping: Implications to Vibration-Induced Cumulative Trauma (2021)

Overall, this study indicates that high-frequency vibration suppression is possible using piezoelectric patches, possibly decreasing the cumulative tissue damage that may occur with repetitive exposure to vibration.
Wave-front reconstruction from a sequence of interferograms recorded at different planes (2005)

We present a method by which the phase and the amplitude of a wave front are obtained by processing a sequence of intensity patterns recorded at different planes. We do not use any reference wave, as one does for holography. Simulations and experimental results are presented.