gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Emergence of ATP‐ and GTP‐Binding Aptamers from Single RNA Sequences by Error‐Prone Replication and Selection** (2023)

The spontaneous emergence of function from diverse RNA sequence pools is widely considered an important transition in the origin of life. Here we show that diverse sequence pools are not a prerequisite for the emergence of function. Starting five independent selection experiments each from a single RNA seed sequence - comprising a central homopolymeric poly-A (or poly-U) segment flanked by different conserved primer binding sites - we observe transformation (continuous drift) of the seeds into low diversity sequence pools by mutation, truncation and recombination without ever reaching that of a random pool even after 24 rounds. Upon continuous error prone replication and selection for ATP binding we isolate specific ATP- or GTP-binding aptamers with low micromolar affinities. Our results have implications for early RNA evolution in the light of the high mutation rates associated with both non-enzymatic and enzymatic prebiotic RNA replication.
Variation of Herbivore-Induced Volatile Terpenes among Arabidopsis Ecotypes Depends on Allelic Differences and Subcellular Targeting of Two Terpene Synthases, TPS02 and TPS03     (2010)

When attacked by insects, plants release mixtures of volatile compounds that are beneficial for direct or indirect defense. Natural variation of volatile emissions frequently occurs between and within plant species, but knowledge of the underlying molecular mechanisms is limited. We investigated intraspecific differences of volatile emissions induced from rosette leaves of 27 accessions of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) upon treatment with coronalon, a jasmonate mimic eliciting responses similar to those caused by insect feeding. Quantitative variation was found for the emission of the monoterpene (E)-beta-ocimene, the sesquiterpene (E,E)-alpha-farnesene, the irregular homoterpene 4,8,12-trimethyltridecatetra-1,3,7,11-ene, and the benzenoid compound methyl salicylate. Differences in the relative emissions of (E)-beta-ocimene and (E,E)-alpha-farnesene from accession Wassilewskija (Ws), a high-(E)-beta-ocimene emitter, and accession Columbia (Col-0), a trace-(E)-beta-ocimene emitter, were attributed to allelic variation of two closely related, tandem-duplicated terpene synthase genes, TPS02 and TPS03. The Ws genome contains a functional allele of TPS02 but not of TPS03, while the opposite is the case for Col-0. Recombinant proteins of the functional Ws TPS02 and Col-0 TPS03 genes both showed (E)-beta-ocimene and (E,E)-alpha-farnesene synthase activities. However, differential subcellular compartmentalization of the two enzymes in plastids and the cytosol was found to be responsible for the ecotype-specific differences in (E)-beta-ocimene/(E,E)-alpha-farnesene emission. Expression of the functional TPS02 and TPS03 alleles is induced in leaves by elicitor and insect treatment and occurs constitutively in floral tissues. Our studies show that both pseudogenization in the TPS family and subcellular segregation of functional TPS enzymes control the variation and plasticity of induced volatile emissions in wild plant species.
Packaging of 11 MPixel CMOS-Integrated SiGe Micro-Mirror Arrays (2009)

This article reports for the first time on the packaging of 10 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> 11 MPixel SiGe micro-mirror arrays, intended to be used as spatial light modulator (SLM). Due to very stringent requirements on mounted die flatness (<0.01 mrad), first-level packaging of the SLM die is done using specially designed SiC holders. To avoid trapped particles between die and holder, which would jeopardize the flatness spec, special backside cleaning of the dies (les1 0.8 mum particle/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) is needed before mounting the SLM die on the holder. To enable this backside cleaning and to avoid front-side particles during dicing, handling and wire bonding, a temporary wafer-level or 0-level packaging cap which can be placed and removed at room temperature was developed. Dynamic white light interferometer measurements of packaged dies showed that 99.5% of 123,648 mirrors tested are within spec.
Dynamic impedance studies of ethanol oxidation at polycrystalline Pt (2012)

Ethanol oxidation in sulfuric acid solutions was studied at polycrystalline Pt electrode using cyclic voltammetry and dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS). It was found that negative resistances appear in the vicinity of the voltammetric peak causing instabilities (saddle-node bifurcation) and sharp peaks on the voltammograms. At the least positive potentials some H UPD takes place but the capacitance drops quickly at more positive potentials due to strong adsorption of EtOH fragments and CO. At the foot of the voltammetric peak log
Cu<sub>2</sub>O Nanocube‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Aryl Halides with Phenols via Ullmann Coupling (2009)

Abstract Thermal and air‐stable uniform Cu 2 O nanocubes were employed in the development of a gram‐scale, one‐pot polyol synthesis. Herein is reported an efficient cross‐coupling reaction of aryl halides and phenols with a catalytic amount (0.1 mol‐%) of Cu 2 O nanocubes as recyclable catalyst and Cs 2 CO 3 as the base in THF at 150 °C. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
ChemInform Abstract: Determination of Bond Dissociation Enthalpies in Solution by Photoacoustic Calorimetry (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
THE ROLE OF KNOWLEDGE-BASED SYSTEMS IN NAVAL COMMAND AND CONTROL (1989)

Modern naval vessels have become more vulnerable to long range attacks. These threats have tended to outstrip the ability of command and control systems to counter them. Interest has been aroused in the application of knowledge-based systems to alter the balance in favour of warships and, incidentally, to reduce manpower and equipment costs. This article gives details of such a system, based on a research programme inaugurated by the British Admiralty Research Establishment in 1982.
Dual Role of Nucleophiles in Palladium‐Catalyzed Heck, Stille, and Sonogashira Reactions (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE DIELECTRIC WALL ACCELERATOR (2013)

The Compact Particle Accelerator Corporation has developed an architecture to produce pulsed proton bunches that will be suitable for proton beam therapy. The Dielectric Wall Accelerator engineering prototype includes a RFQ injection system with a pulsed kicker to select the desired proton bunches and a linear accelerator incorporating a High Gradient Insulator with stacked transmission to produce the required voltage. The transmission lines are switched with solid state laser driven optical switches. A computational model has been developed that is in very good agreement with the experimental results. The system is presently achieving accelerating gradients of approximately 15 MeV/m. The computational model has been used to design the next generation system that will achieve 25 MeV/m by early 2013. This paper will discuss the status of the apparatus, the basic elements of the computational model, experimental results and comparison to the model predictions. In addition, the paper will present concepts for proton therapy systems that incorporate the Dielectric Wall Accelerator and fully leverage its features to achieve clinical requirements.
Databases and Perl (2004)

This chapter contains sections titled Why Program Databases? Perl Database Technologies Preparing Perl Programming Databases with DBI Customising Output Customising Input Extending SQL Where to from Here The Maxims Repeated
All You Want To Do Is Dance (1937)

Performer: BING CROSBY Writer: Burke & Johnston (From the Paramount Film "Double or Nothing"); Vocal; With Orchestral Accompaniment. Digitized at 78 revolutions per minute. Four stylii were used to transfer this record. They are 3.5mil ET, 2.3mil CT, 2.8mil CT, 3.3mil CT. These were recorded flat and then also equalized with Turnover: 375, Rolloff: -12. The preferred versions suggested by an audio engineer at George Blood, L.P. have been copied to have the more friendly filenames. Matrix number: DLA 830A Catalog number: Y5170 Other IDs from the record include: (DLA830); MD1415
Coding and Control over Discrete Noisy Forward and Feedback Channels (2006)

We consider the problem of stabilizability of remote LTI systems where both the forward (from the sensor to the controller) and the feedback (from the controller to the plant) channels are noisy, discrete, and memoryless. Information theory and the theory of Markov processes are used to obtain necessary and sufficient conditions (both structural and operational) for stabilizability, with the conditions being on error exponents, delay and source-channel codes. These results generalize some of the existing results in the literature which assume either the forward or the reverse channel to be noise-free. We observe that unlike continuous alphabet channels, discrete channels entail a substantial complexity in encoding the unbounded state and control spaces for control of noisy plants. We introduce a state-space encoding scheme utilizing the dynamic evolution. We also present variable-length coding through variable-sampling to transmit countably infinite symbols over a finite channel.
McDonald, James Ingram 1865-1935 :Sergt-Major Jackson, 1st Wakatos [sic] 1906. (1906)

A standing portrait of William Jackson in militia uniform from the 1860s. He holds a sword in front of him 
Signed: J. McD. 
Other Titles - Waikato Militia Rifles Sergeant 
Inscriptions: Verso - beneath image - in ink: Presented to the Turnbull Library by T Watson Brown, 1932 
Quantity: 1 drawing(s). 
Physical Description: Monochrome wash on grey paper, 273 x 190 mm 
Provenance: Donation: Mr T Watson Brown, Wellington, 1932
Alkali enhanced biomass gasification with in situ S capture and novel syngas cleaning. Part 1: Gasifier performance (2018)

Previous research shows that alkali addition in entrained flow biomass gasification can increase char conversion and decrease tar and soot formation through catalysis. This paper investigates two other potential benefits of alkali addition: increased slag flowability and in situ sulfur capture. Thermodynamic equilibrium calculations show that addition of 2–8% alkali catalyst to biomass completely changes the chemical domain of the gasifier slag phase to an alkali carbonate melt with low viscosity. This can increase feedstock flexibility and improve the operability of an entrained flow biomass gasification process. The alkali carbonate melt also leads to up to 90% sulfur capture through the formation of alkali sulfides. The resulting reduced syngas sulfur content can potentially simplify gas cleaning required for catalytic biofuel production. Alkali catalyst recovery and recycling is a precondition for the economic feasibility of the proposed process and is effected through a wet quench. It is shown that the addition of Zn for sulfur precipitation in the alkali recovery loop enables the separation of S, Ca and Mg from the recycle. For high Si and Cl biomass feedstocks, an alternative separation technology for these elements may be required to avoid build-up.
Control-to-output and duty ratio-to-inductor current transfer functions of peak current-mode controlled dc-dc PWM buck converter in CCM (2010)

The control-to-output and the duty ratio-to-inductor current transfer functions of peak current-mode controlled PWM dc-dc buck converter in CCM are derived and illustrated. The closed inner-current loop and the power stage inductor current-to-output voltage transfer functions are used to derive the control-to-output transfer function of the peak current-mode controlled buck converter in CCM, which is essential for the outer-voltage loop controller design. A small-signal model including parasitic components and delay is used to derive the power stage transfer function, necessary for proper analysis of the power stage. The loop gain of the inner-current loop is derived and is shown that it is independent of converter topology.
A sensor-based approach for error compensation of industrial robotic workcells (2012)

Industrial robotic manipulators have excellent repeatability while accuracy is significantly poorer. Numerous error sources in the robotic workcell contributes to the accuracy problem. Modeling and identification of all the errors to achieve the required levels of accuracy may be difficult. To resolve the accuracy issues, a sensor based indirect error compensation approach is proposed in this paper where the errors are compensated online via measurements of the work object. The sensor captures a point cloud of the work object and with the CAD model of the work object, the actual relative pose of the sensor frame and work object frame can be established via a point cloud registration. Once this relationship has been established, the robot will be able to move the tool accurately relative to the work object frame near the point of compensation. A data pre-processing technique is proposed to reduce computation time and prevent a local minima solution during point cloud registration. A simulation study is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution.
A Dar-Souf. Au Palais d’hiver (1912)

Klein Henri. A Dar-Souf. Au Palais d’hiver. In: Les Feuillets d'El-Djezaïr, volume 4, 1912. Visites et excursions des années 1910 et 1911 – Articles divers. pp. 49-50.
FcγR-stimulated activation of the NADPH oxidase: phosphoinositide-binding protein p40phox regulates NADPH oxidase activity after enzyme assembly on the phagosome (2008)

The phagocyte NADPH oxidase generates superoxide for microbial killing, and includes a membrane-bound flavocytochrome b(558) and cytosolic p67(phox), p47(phox), and p40(phox) subunits that undergo membrane translocation upon cellular activation. The function of p40(phox), which binds p67(phox) in resting cells, is incompletely understood. Recent studies showed that phagocytosis-induced superoxide production is stimulated by p40(phox) and its binding to phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PI3P), a phosphoinositide enriched in membranes of internalized phagosomes. To better define the role of p40(phox) in FcgammaR-induced oxidase activation, we used immunofluorescence and real-time imaging of FcgammaR-induced phagocytosis. YFP-tagged p67(phox) and p40(phox) translocated to granulocyte phagosomes before phagosome internalization and accumulation of a probe for PI3P. p67(phox) and p47(phox) accumulation on nascent and internalized phagosomes did not require p40(phox) or PI3 kinase activity, although superoxide production before and after phagosome sealing was decreased by mutation of the p40(phox) PI3P-binding domain or wortmannin. Translocation of p40(phox) to nascent phagosomes required binding to p67(phox) but not PI3P, although the loss of PI3P binding reduced p40(phox) retention after phagosome internalization. We conclude that p40(phox) functions primarily to regulate FcgammaR-induced NADPH oxidase activity rather than assembly, and stimulates superoxide production via a PI3P signal that increases after phagosome internalization.
The Fundamental Theorem of the Galois Theory for Quasi-Fields (1940)

It has been noted recently by Artin and by Baer that one obtains the fundamental theorem of the Galois theory most readily by starting with a finite group 65 of automorphisms in a field P and determining the structure of P over c1 the set of invariant elements. One proves that P is finite, separable and normal and (M is its Galois group over 4'. The theorem is completed by proving that any isomorphism between subfields over 4' in a finite, separable and normal extension P of 4' can be extended to an automorphism in P. It follows that the Galois group of P over 4' has 4' as its set of invariant elements. The correspondence between subfields and subgroups follows readily. The usual proofs of these theorems are obtained by strictly commutative methods (symmetric functions, unique factorization of polynomials). In the present paper we begin with an arbitrary quasi-field P and a finite group of outer automorphisms 5 acting in P and establish the correspondence between subgroups of (M and sub-quasi-fields Z between P and 4' the set of invariant elements. The methods are necessarily those of non-commutative algebra. The particular tool used is the theory of simple rings. We obtain some applications to division algebras. The first section is introductory containing results that are for the most part well known. In the last section we give a generalization of Hilbert's theorem on the elements of norm 1 in a cyclic field.
CONTROLLABLE LIQUID-CRYSTAL TRANSPARENCY FOR RECORDING OF HOLOGRAMS (1972)

The efficiency of liquid crystals as light switches is considered. An array consisting of a glass disk with'embedded electrodes, a liquid crystal, and a transparent electrode can be used to record holograms at a rate of 50 cycles per second without loss of high contrast in the image. Liquid crystals with a memory can be used in the preparation of data before input into an optical computer and for output from an electronic computer.
ProReg XL Tool: An Easy-To-Use Computer Tool Suite for Rapidly Regrouping a Large Number of Identical Electrophoretic Profiles (2009)

The ProReg XL Tool (Profile Regrouping Excel Tool) is a new tool suite designed to rapidly regroup a large number of identical electrophoretic profiles. This tool suite is coded in Visual Basic Application for Microsoft Excel, and thus requires this spreadsheet software to operate. It was designed for use with a new screening strategy of clones from an rrs (16S rDNA) clone library, but it may also be helpful in other electrophoretic applications. ProReg XL Tool is organized in different steps where the user has the capability--in addition to regrouping electrophoretic profiles--to control gel quality, determine signal attenuation, and draw pie charts.
Effect of UV Light on RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase Activity of Murine Oncornaviruses (1975)

The UV inactivation of RNA-directed DNA polymerase activity of Rauscher leukemia virus was shown to be due to damage to the protein. The UV dose resulting in 37% survival of viral polymerase activity at 254 nm was 2.4 x 10(4) to 3.1 x 10(4) ergs/mm(2). The inactivation rate of p30, a major internal viral protein, was much slower.
Cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil infusion for metastatic colorectal carcinoma. Differences in survival in two patient groups with similar response rates (1989)

Because of reported synergism between 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin (CDDP) in L1210 leukemic mice and activity of this combination in clinical studies, a trial was initiated in previously untreated patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma. Cisplatin at 20 mg/m2 and 5-FU as a continuous infusion at 1000 mg/m2 were both administered for 5 consecutive days every 4 weeks. Forty-one patients were treated at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) and 46 were treated by the Community Clinical Oncology Program (CCOP) physicians. A 50% reduction in measurable disease was seen in 12 of 35 (34%) MSKCC patients and in nine of 41 (22%) of the CCOP patients with 95% confidence intervals of 0.18 to 0.50 and 0.10 to 0.35 in the two groups, respectively. The predominant toxicities were as follows: nausea and vomiting, 32%; mucositis, 26%; leukocyte counts less than 2000 cells/mm3, 17%; platelet counts less than 25,000 cells/mm3, 8%; and severe neurotoxicity, 5%. Dose attenuation was similar in the two groups. The median survival was 16.4 months for the MSKCC group and 9.6 months for the CCOP group (P = 0.0003). Although the baseline characteristics (age, sex, performance status, and baseline lactic dehydrogenase [LDH] and alkaline phosphatase) were similar, on further examination differences between the two groups were evident. In the MSKCC group, 14% of patients with liver metastases had greater than 50% of their liver involved with tumor whereas this occurred in 41% of the CCOP group (P = 0.03). The LDH values greater than 500 U/l were observed in 10% of patients in the MSKCC group and in 37% of the patients in the CCOP group (P = 0.007). Characteristics which reflect the bulk of disease, such as the percent of liver involvement, need to be analyzed in order to evaluate purported survival differences in randomized and nonrandomized trials of colorectal carcinoma.
INTERLEUKIN-1 INTERACTION WITH EICOSANOIDS AND CYTOKINES IN PATIENTS WITH SEPSIS SYNDROME (1996)

Slotman, Gus J.; Quinn, James V.; Brathwaite, Collin; Friedman, Bruce; Wry, Philip; Mure, Anthony J.; Shapiro, Eugenia Author Information
Ant Colony Optimization for Biomarker Identification from MALDI-TOF Mass Spectra (2006)

We present a novel method that combines ant colony optimization with support vector machines (ACO-SVM) to select candidate biomarkers from MALDI-TOF serum profiles of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients and matched controls. The method identified relevant mass points that achieve high sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing HCC patients from healthy individuals. The results indicate that the MALDI-TOF technology could provide the means to discover novel biomarkers for HCC
Quantification of blood volume flow by decorrelation analysis of radio-frequency intravascular echo signals (2002)

This paper presents a novel method for measuring local blood velocity and quantifying volume flow directly from cross-sectional intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) using a conventional IVUS catheter. This method is based on multiple decorrelation analysis of radio frequency echo signals. The velocity measurement is obtained by comparing the measured decorrelation value with a priori knowledge of the beam characteristics of the ultrasound transducer used. Volume flow is derived by integrating the velocity vector with its corresponding area element over the vessel cross-section. The proposed method was validated in vivo in pig experiments by comparing IVUS-flow data to the reference flow obtained with an electromagnetic (EM) flowmeter. An excellent correlation was observed between IVUS- and EM-flow data. No significant differences in the mean volume flow were found between the two methods. Results of this study demonstrate the potential of assessing vessel geometry simultaneously with functional parameters using the decorrelation analysis method.