gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sensing Super-Position: Human Sensing Beyond the Visual Spectrum (2007)

The coming decade of fast, cheap and miniaturized electronics and sensory devices opens new pathways for the development of sophisticated equipment to overcome limitations of the human senses. This paper addresses the technical feasibility of augmenting human vision through Sensing Super-position by mixing natural Human sensing. The current implementation of the device translates visual and other passive or active sensory instruments into sounds, which become relevant when the visual resolution is insufficient for very difficult and particular sensing tasks. A successful Sensing Super-position meets many human and pilot vehicle system requirements. The system can be further developed into cheap, portable, and low power taking into account the limited capabilities of the human user as well as the typical characteristics of his dynamic environment. The system operates in real time, giving the desired information for the particular augmented sensing tasks. The Sensing Super-position device increases the image resolution perception and is obtained via an auditory representation as well as the visual representation. Auditory mapping is performed to distribute an image in time. The three-dimensional spatial brightness and multi-spectral maps of a sensed image are processed using real-time image processing techniques (e.g. histogram normalization) and transformed into a two-dimensional map of an audio signal as a function of frequency and time. This paper details the approach of developing Sensing Super-position systems as a way to augment the human vision system by exploiting the capabilities of Lie human hearing system as an additional neural input. The human hearing system is capable of learning to process and interpret extremely complicated and rapidly changing auditory patterns. The known capabilities of the human hearing system to learn and understand complicated auditory patterns provided the basic motivation for developing an image-to-sound mapping system. The human brain is superior to most existing computer systems in rapidly extracting relevant information from blurred, noisy, and redundant images. From a theoretical viewpoint, this means that the available bandwidth is not exploited in an optimal way. While image-processing techniques can manipulate, condense and focus the information (e.g., Fourier Transforms), keeping the mapping as direct and simple as possible might also reduce the risk of accidentally filtering out important clues. After all, especially a perfect non-redundant sound representation is prone to loss of relevant information in the non-perfect human hearing system. Also, a complicated non-redundant image-to-sound mapping may well be far more difficult to learn and comprehend than a straightforward mapping, while the mapping system would increase in complexity and cost. This work will demonstrate some basic information processing for optimal information capture for headmounted systems.
Impact of Grain Boundaries on the Elastic Behavior of Transferred Polycrystalline Graphene (2020)

The mechanical properties of nanomaterials can be strongly affected by their crystal structures and defect configurations. Here, the in-plane stiffness of polycrystalline graphene obtained by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) has been investigated by using bulge tests on suspended graphene membranes. In particular, the influence of grain boundaries (GBs) on the in-plane stiffness of graphene membranes was studied by controlling the density of GBs within graphene membranes. The GBs were visualized by sequential growth of 13C- and 12C-graphene along with detection of Raman peak shifts for 13C and 12C in graphene, which enabled the nondestructive evaluation of the GB density (defined as the ratio of the total GB length within a graphene membrane to the diameter of the membrane). Single-crystal graphene membranes without any GBs had an average Young’s modulus of 0.95 ± 0.12 TPa (corresponding to an average in-plane stiffness of 318 ± 40 N/m), comparable to that obtained from mechanically exfoliated graphene. An increased GB density within the membranes softened the graphene membranes, resulting in a lower in-plane stiffness. This phenomenon was most clearly observed when the lateral sizes of grains (<∼2 μm) were much smaller than the membrane diameter (8–9 μm).
Optical characteristics of arsenic-doped ZnO nanowires (2004)

The effect of arsenic doping on optical characteristics of ZnO nanowires was investigated by photoluminescence spectroscopy carried out at 13–290K. In as-grown nanowires, emission due to acceptor-bound excitons predominated at low temperatures; as temperatures increased, emission due to recombination of free excitons prevailed. Arsenic-doped nanowires exhibited emission due to acceptor-bound excitons with no free exciton emission in the whole temperature range, indicating the formation of the acceptor level within the ZnO nanowire by arsenic doping.
The effect of pulse duration on the growth rate of laser-induced damage sites at 351 nm on fused silica surfaces (2009)

Past work in the area of laser-induced damage growth has shown growth rates to be primarily dependent on the laser fluence and wavelength. More recent studies suggest that growth rate, similar to the damage initiation process, is affected by a number of additional parameters including pulse duration, pulse shape, site size, and internal structure. In this study, we focus on the effect of pulse duration on the growth rate of laser damage sites located on the exit surface of fused silica optics. Our results demonstrate, for the first time, a significant dependence of growth rate at 351 nm on pulse duration from 1 ns to 15 ns as τ<sup>0.3</sup> for sites in the 50-100 μm size range.
Virulence Criteria for<i>Brucella abortus</i>Strains as Determined by Interferon Regulatory Factor 1-Deficient Mice (2002)

Interferon regulatory factor 1-deficient (IRF-1(-/-)) mice infected with virulent Brucella abortus 2308 at 5 x 10(5) CFU developed acute hepatitis similar to many natural hosts but, unlike natural hosts, IRF-1(-/-) mice were unable to resolve infection and died. In contrast, IRF-1(-/-) mice survived when infected at 5 x 10(5) CFU with several attenuated Brucella strains (S19, RB51, cbp, and cyd). The survival of infected IRF-1(-/-) mice is likely a function of the level of virulence of each Brucella strain and the extent of retained immunity. Further, these findings suggest that adaptive immunity may be important to the survival of IRF-1(-/-) mice since attenuated Brucella strains can protect IRF-1(-/-) mice against lethal challenge with virulent Brucella: Using the IRF-1(-/-) mouse model, the following set of criteria were identified to define Brucella virulence: (i) the day of death for 50% of mice infected with 5 x 10(5)CFU of Brucella, (ii) the extent of liver toxicity, and (iii) the minimum immunizing dose of Brucella to protect against challenge with virulent S2308. Thus, IRF-1(-/-) mice are important to determining the level of Brucella virulence, to evaluating Brucella mutants for attenuation, and to investigating adaptive immunity in brucellosis.
High-Fiber, Noncaloric Flour Substitute for Baked Foods. Alkaline Peroxide-Treated Lignocellulose in Chocolate Cake (1989)

Cereal Chern. 66(3 ):209-213 Wheat straw was treated with hydrogen peroxide at pH 11.5, resulting in a partially delignified. highly water-absorbent and swellable fiber fraction that was used as partial replacement (2-50%) for flour in layer cakes. Volume of cakes prepared with less than 30% replacement of flour increased by 5 to IOc-c compared with controls. Taste panel flavor and texture scores indicated that cakes with as much as 40% of the flour removed were not significantly different from the control cake. The Numerous high-fiber additives have been introduced as ingredients in a variety of foods. especially baked products, to satisfv consumer demand for increased fiber content in foods. with;ut sacrificing preferred sensory properties. These high-fiber additives range from minimally processed materials such as finely ground brans and seed hulls to extensively processed, purified cellulose fractions derived from wood pulp (e.g. microcrystalline cellulose, alpha-cellulose). Unfortunately. the intrinsic physical properties of these cellulosic materials limit the amount of fiber that can be incorporated into baked products without causing serious deterioration of baking performance and; or sensory properties. Incorporating high levels of cellulosic fiber in cakes as a substitute for flour can result in a significant decrease in cake volume accompanied by degradation of important sensory
Numerical evaluation of near-field, high-frequency radiation from quasi-dynamic circular faults (1983)

abstract We compute the near-field, high-frequency radiation from a circular crack expanding with constant rupture velocity and discuss the characteristics of the stopping phases. We then introduce rupture velocity jumps in the fracture process. The computed accelerations show the dominant role played by the rupture front kinematics. The high acceleration pulses are associated with sudden changes of the rupture velocity. For a sudden jump (or a sudden stop), there is no theoretical high-frequency limit to the spectral density of acceleration. In order to account for fmax, we introduce a smooth deceleration of the rupture front over a time t′ in place of a sudden stop. This results in a spectral fall-off for frequencies greater than 1/t′ and supports the interpretation of fmax as a source effect.
Analysis of worst-case phase quantization sidelobes in focused beamforming (1992)

The effect of phase quantization errors on the sidelobe level in a phased-array beamformer is considered. The theory of random and periodic phase errors is reviewed. Periodic phase errors occur for an unfocused array with uniform element distance and give rise to discrete sidelobes. The main result of the paper is an analysis of the periodic phase error in the case that the beamformer is focused. An estimate for the worst-case discrete sidelobe level as a function of focal depth is derived. The theory is illustrated and verified by simulations.
Noise problems in control rooms caused by hydraulic systems : Two cases in the steel industry (1998)

Noise problems in control rooms caused by hydraulic systems : Two cases in the steel industry
Inhibition of Alumina Deposition during Tungsten Chemical Mechanical Planarization Through the Use of Citric Acid (1999)

The beneficial effects of citric acid in inhibiting alumina particle deposition onto silica areas during tungsten chemical mechanical planarization were investigated. The electrokinetics of alumina in the presence of citric acid and the uptake of citric acid by alumina were studied experimentally. At a pH of 4, as the citric acid concentration was increased, the zeta potential of alumina became less positive and reversed sign. Slurry dip tests and small‐scale polishing experiments were carried out and the surface cleanliness of contaminated oxide surfaces was characterized with a field emission scanning electron microscope and image analysis. It has been demonstrated that citric acid is very effective in controlling alumina contamination on oxide surfaces when added into the slurry. Electrochemical tests showed that citric acid does not significantly attack tungsten films. A mechanism for the interaction between citric acid and alumina particles has been proposed. © 1999 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Maximum likelihood motion segmentation using eigendecomposition (2002)

This paper presents an iterative maximum likelihood framework for motion segmentation. Our representation of the segmentation problem is based on a similarity matrix for the motion vectors for pairs of pixel blocks. By applying eigendecomposition to the similarity matrix, we develop a maximum likelihood method for grouping the pixel blocks into objects which share a common motion vector. We experiment with the resulting clustering method on a number of real-world motion sequences. Here ground truth data indicates that the method can result in motion classification errors as low as 3%.
Punto de entrada trocantéreo versus punto de entrada en la fosa piriformis en los enclavados intramedulares de las fracturas diafisarias de fémur (2006)

Ricci, William M; Schwappach, John; Tucker, Michael; Coupe, Kevin; Brandt, Angel; Sanders, Roy; Leighton, Ross Author Information
Thermal and Spectroscopic Characterization of Thermally Induced Transitions in Sequential Copolymers Containing Thioethylene Units (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermal and Spectroscopic Characterization of Thermally Induced Transitions in Sequential Copolymers Containing Thioethylene UnitsJeno Muthiah and Lon J. MathiasCite this: Macromolecules 1995, 28, 23, 7806–7816Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00127a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00127a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views41Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Synthesis of AZA Analogues of TSAO (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Inhibiting macrophage proliferation suppresses atherosclerotic plaque inflammation (2015)

Inflammation drives atherosclerotic plaque progression and rupture, and is a compelling therapeutic target. Consequently, attenuating inflammation by reducing local macrophage accumulation is an appealing approach. This can potentially be accomplished by either blocking blood monocyte recruitment to the plaque or increasing macrophage apoptosis and emigration. Because macrophage proliferation was recently shown to dominate macrophage accumulation in advanced plaques, locally inhibiting macrophage proliferation may reduce plaque inflammation and produce long-term therapeutic benefits. To test this hypothesis, we used nanoparticle-based delivery of simvastatin to inhibit plaque macrophage proliferation in apolipoprotein E deficient mice (<i>Apoe<sup>-/-</sup></i> ) with advanced atherosclerotic plaques. This resulted in rapid reduction of plaque inflammation and favorable phenotype remodeling. We then combined this short-term nanoparticle intervention with an eight-week oral statin treatment, and this regimen rapidly reduced and continuously suppressed plaque inflammation. Our results demonstrate that pharmacologically inhibiting local macrophage proliferation can effectively treat inflammation in atherosclerosis.
Proclotting enzyme from horseshoe crab hemocytes. cDNA cloning, disulfide locations, and subcellular localization. (1990)

Proclotting enzyme is an intracellular serine protease zymogen closely associated with an endotoxin-sensitive hemolymph coagulation system in limulus. Its active form, clotting enzyme, catalyzes conversion of coagulogen to insoluble coagulin gel. We present here the cDNA and amino acid sequences, disulfide locations, and subcellular localization of proclotting enzyme. The isolated cDNA for proclotting enzyme consists of 1,501 base pairs. The open reading frame of 1,125 base pairs encodes a sequence comprising 29 amino acid residues of prepro-sequence and 346 residues of the mature protein with a molecular mass of 38,194 Da. Three potential glycosylation sites for N-linked carbohydrate chains were confirmed to be glycosylated. Moreover, the zymogen contains six O-linked carbohydrate chains in the amino-terminal light chain generated after activation. The cleavage site that accompanies activation catalyzed by trypsin-like active factor B, proved to be an Arg-Ile bond. The resulting carboxyl-terminal heavy chain is composed of a typical serine protease domain, with a sequence similar to that of human coagulation factor XIa (34.5%) or factor Xa (34.1%). The light chain has a unique disulfide-knotted domain which shows no significant homology with any other known proteins. Thus, this proclotting enzyme has a mammalian serine protease domain and a structural domain not heretofore identified in coagulation and complement factors. Immunohistochemical studies showed that the proclotting enzyme is localized in large granules of hemocytes.
Degradation of atrazine in soil by <i>Streptomyces</i> (1998)

Streptomyces sp. PS1/5 was able to degrade atrazine in soil while growing on a mixture of chitin and ground cornstalks as carbon and nitrogen source. The addition of triple superphosphate greatly stimulated the degradation of atrazine by Streptomyces sp. PS1/5, while the addition of lime stimulated the degradation to a lesser degree. Ferrous sulfate had a small positive effect on atrazine degradation. Atrazine in soil was reduced from 20 g g-1 dry soil (20 ppm) to 6 ppm within 30 days in soil amended with 8% chitin, 2% cornstalks and 0.1% triple superphosphate and incubated at 25 degrees C. The results indicate that it may be possible to use bacteria of the genus Streptomyces to degrade pesticide residues in contaminated soils.
EGFR Mutationsstatus in einem großen kaukasischen Patientenkollektiv aus Europa mit NSCLC: Daten aus der täglichen Praxis (2014)

Hintergrund: Das metastasierte nicht-kleinzellige Bronchialcarcinom (NSCLC) hat immer noch eine sehr schlechte Prognose. Aktivierte EGFR (epithelial growth factor Receptor) Mutationen sind wichtige genetische Neuerungen mit dramatischen therapeutischen Auswirkungen. Bislang sind nur begrenzt Informationen bezüglich der Prävalenz dieser Mutationen bei Kaukasiern und insbesondere bei Europäern im Gegensatz zu asiatischen Patienten verfügbar.
Reactivity of Antibodies against Conserved Regions of Pilins of Haemophilus influenzae Type b (1993)

To identify epitopes on pilins of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) that may also be immunologically available on assembled pili, antisera were developed against eight synthetic peptides that represent conserved and hydrophilic regions of Hib pilin. Seven of the eight peptides were immunogenic. Binding of the anti-peptide antibodies to purified pili of Hib strain Eagan was weak. However, when the purified pili were denatured by heating, binding of the anti-peptide antibodies improved considerably, suggesting that the epitopes defined by the peptides were more available for anti-peptide antibody binding on the denatured pilins than on purified pili. On Western blot analysis, strain variation was seen in the binding of some of the anti-peptide antibodies, notably those directed against peptides in the N-terminal half of the pilin. Thus, when pilins are assembled into pili, the epitopes defined by the seven immunogenic peptides appear to be altered so that binding of the anti-peptide antibodies is greatly reduced.
All solid source molecular beam epitaxy growth of1.35 µm wavelengthstrained-layer GaInAsP quantum well laser (1995)

The first GaInAsP based laser diode grown by all solid source molecular beam epitaxy is reported. A strained-layer GaInAsP/InP separate confinement heterostructure multiquantum well laser emitting at 1.35 µm was prepared. A low threshold current density of 510 A/cm2 was obtained for a broad-area laser having a cavity length of 1300 µm.
Real-Time Broadband Aeronautical Communications over Satellite Networks (2003)

In this paper we focus on the modeling and evaluation of next generation satellite com- munications technologies to support future aeronautical communications. Recent studies has identified the delivery of real-time high resolution weather maps to the cockpit as an important future aeronautical application. Focusing on this application, we investigate the use of Low- and Geosynchronous- Earth Orbit (LEO and GEO) satellite networks for efficient delivery of the data. We propose a hybrid uni-cast and broadcast communica- tion technique, which significantly reduces the required communication bandwidth. We quantify our results through simulation and compare them with other methods.
Determination of tetracycline in plasma by flow injection method with chemiluminescence detection. (1984)

Determination of tetracycline (TC) in rabbit plasma was investigated by a flow injection method with chemiluminescence detection. The method consisted of preceding oxidation of the sample material with potassium peroxodisulfide(PPS) and mixing with 1, 3-dibromo-5, 5-dimethylhydantoin (DDH). The chemiluminescence occurred immediately after the mixing of DDH. These processes were assembled in the flow injection system as reported in the previous paper. The optimum concentrations of PPS and DDH were 40 mM and 18 mM (in 0.1 M NaOH solution), respectively, at 25 °C at the flow rate of 2.0 ml/min. The linear range for determination of the standard sample in aqueous solution was 0.042.5 nmol (0.3622 μg/ml with 50 μl sample) with relative standard deviation of 2.0 % (within-run at 0.31 nmol, n=10). The solvent extraction of the Ca(II) chelate was applied to the plasma sample with 80 % recovery. The linear range of determination in this case was 0.132.1 nmol (1.219 μg/ml with 40 μl plasma sample). The sensitivity was satisfactory for the drug-level monitoring of TC, when 100 μl sample was used for one injection.
Apports possibles de la normalisation à la linguistique de corpus (2004)

Colloque sur invitation.
Microstructure Observation of AM60 Magnesium Alloy Solidified by Rapidly Quench (2011)

In solidification theory, with a slow cooling rate such as sand mold casting, it is easy to segregate the solute aluminum near the grain boundary of primary α-Mg phase under the solidification in Mg-Al system alloys. Thus, volume fraction of none-equilibrium crystallized β-Mg 17 Al 12 phase showed the higher value compared with metal mold casting with faster cooling rate. However, in our microstructure observation results, the volume fraction of β phase in permanent mold castings was larger than that of sand mold castings. In the present study, these contradictory behavior was investigated by observation of as-solidified microstructure obtained from rapid cooling castings at the just below the solidus temperature of 723, 773 and 823K.