gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Susceptibility Differences to Cryptosporidium parvum Infection in Two Strains of Gamma Interferon Knockout Mice (1998)

Differences in susceptibility to cryptosporidial infections were investigated between 2 strains of gamma interferon knockout (GKO) mice. Male C57BL/6J-Ifg and BALB/c-Ifg (GKO) mice, ages 8-10 wk, were inoculated with infectious oocysts at various doses. C57BL/6J-Ifg mice developed overwhelming infections and died 9-12 days after infection. Low inoculum doses (1 x 10(3)) did not increase the survival time significantly. The infection intensity in C57BL/6J-Ifg mice inoculated with 1 x 10(5) oocysts/mouse increased markedly on day 4 postinfection (PI) and continued to increase significantly over the next 6-7 days. Most of the C57BL/6J-Ifg mice exceeded 15% weight loss and died by day 10 PI. In contrast, BALB/c-Ifg mice developed moderate infections from which they recovered. The average parasite load in the BALB/c-Ifg mice was 100 times lower than in C57BL/6J-Ifg mice. Mice survived until termination of the experiment (39 days) even when 1 x 10(6) oocysts per mouse were used for inoculation. BALB/c-Ifg mice did not exhibit significant weight loss (or difference in stool consistency). These 2 mouse strains make excellent models for studying differences in recovering and nonrecovering immune mechanisms.
Path Loss Prediction Model for GSM Fixed Wireless Access (2016)

This research investigated the effect of building materials on GSM signals quality. Measurements were conducted on MTN, Glo, Airtel and Etisalat networks using Radio Frequency Signal Tracker on six different building patterns. The results showed that building with alucoboard wall cladding had the highest signal loss while the sandcrete building/unrusted corrugated iron sheet roof had the least signal loss. Also, a model to predict signal penetration through building walls was developed. It was developed using the principles of Fresnel Refraction Coefficient and the knife-edge diffraction.  The total losses from the transmitter to the receiver was modelled as a combination of three different effects; losses due to free-space propagation from transmitter to building; the penetration loss was modelled as a combination of the wall penetration loss and the diffraction loss. The results show that despite the condition of the building walls, movement of people in the environment/room also affected the wireless signal quality as well as the chairs and gadgets in the room. The indoor signal path loss in the rooms increased from when the walls were plastered and continued until when the walls were covered with curtains, both rooms reduced by 4dBm. The mean squared error ranged between 1.6dBm and 2.1dBm with a standard deviation between 11.1 and 11.5.
A 200MHz IF BiCMOS chip for linear LINC transmitters (1999)

The LINC transmitter is an architecture that provides linear amplification using nonlinear high efficiency amplifiers. The signal component separator (SCS) is a crucial signal processing function in this scheme. In this paper a new SCS architecture based on analog integrated circuit techniques is presented. A 200MHz IF SCS chip using the proposed architecture has been designed and fabricated in a 0.8µm BiCMOS process. An experimental LINC transmitter setup was built with the SCS chip, nonlinear amplifiers and a power combiner. Test results showed that spurious levels around -50dBc could be obtained with a π/4-shifted DQPSK modulated North American Digital Cellular (NADC) signal. This implies a high degree of linearity in the implemented LINC transmitter system.
Anomaly Detection from System Tracing Data Using Multimodal Deep Learning (2019)

The concept of Artificial Intelligence for IT Operations (AIOps) combines big data and machine learning methods to replace a broad range of IT operations including availability and performance monitoring of services. Such platforms typically use separate models for each modality of monitoring data (e.g., textual properties and real-valued response time in logs and traces) to detect faults and upcoming anomalies in cloud services, which do not capture the existing correlation between the modalities. This paper extends the range of utilized data types for creation of a single model to improve the anomaly detection. We use a bimodal distributed tracing data from large cloud infrastructures in order to detect an anomaly in the execution of system components. We propose an anomaly detection method, which utilizes a single modality of the data with information about the trace structure. In the next step, we extend the single-modality neural architecture to a multimodal neural network with long short-term memory (LSTM) to enable the learning from the sequential nature of both modalities in the tracing data. Furthermore, we demonstrate an approach to detect dependent and concurrent events using the ability of the model to reconstruct the execution path. The implemented prototype is experimentally evaluated with data from a large-scale production cloud. The results demonstrate that the novel approaches outperform other deep-learning methods based on traditional architectures.
February 18, 1873 (1873)

1873 was 168, of which 2 were by birth, 32 by presentation, 6 2 by purchase, 58 by exchange, and 14 were received ou deposit. The total number of
Wideband CMOS current conveyor (1998)

A CMOS second generation current conveyor consisting of two matched differential pairs and based on the first generation current conveyor is presented. PSPICE simulations have shown that its performance is quite satisfactory for wideband current-mode signal processing.
Transient current suppression scheme for bi-directional DC-DC converters in 42 V automotive power systems (2005)

42 V electrical power systems are on their way to replacing the present 14 V systems in automobiles and 42 V/14 V dual voltage systems have been proposed to provide backward compatibility with the existing components for the 14 V system. The synchronous buck/boost converter is an attractive topology for 42 V/14 V dual voltage systems since it offers bi-directional operation without additional components. In this paper, transient currents generated during converter startup or changes in operation modes between buck and boost are analyzed and a cost effective solution to remove the transient currents is proposed. The validity of the proposed control strategy is investigated through simulations and experiments.
Explosive compositions based on the mechanoactivated metal-oxidizer mixtures (2007)

Detonation-like regimes in mechanoactivated energetic composites (MAECs) were experimentally studied. The test MAECs consisted of layers of a metal (Al, Mg) and Teflon mixed at the submicron and nano levels. The systems reacted to form solid final products. MAECs are appreciably superior to ordinary mixtures in chemical transformation rate. The burning of MAECs occurs in an explosive regime at a velocity of 300–400 m/s, with the temperature of the products being as high as 4000 K. When initiated with a HE charge, porous MAECs detonate in the steady regime. Depending on the composition and density of the samples, the detonation velocity varies from 700 to 1300 m/s, values markedly higher than the speed of sound in the initial mixture. Detonation is controlled by a hot spot mechanism, more specifically, by relay reaction propagation by jets of products.
Selective Destruction of the Synthetic Vesicles by the Reductive Cleavage of Disulfide Linkage (1987)

Abstract A series of dialkyl disulfide surfactants were prepared by the reaction of different aliphatic amines with S-acetylmercaptosuccinic anhydride followed by the oxidation with iodine. Selective destruction of the vesicles formed by the above surfactants were successfully performed by the reductive. cleavage of dialkyl disulfide to its monoalkyl thiol surfactants with various mercaptans.
Autonomous dial-a-ride transit : benefit-cost evaluation (1998)

Among public transit and for-hire modes, fixed-route bus and rail are most effective in maintaining high ridership in high density areas such as urban centers. The cost effectiveness of fixed-route transit, however, depends on close proximity to the passenger's trip origin and destination, and diminishes rapidly as density decreases. Taxis, on the other hand, provide door-to-door service but at a premium price. Most taxi service, however, is congregated in high density urban areas where there is a higher pool of potential customers. Thus, taxis are expensive to use and hard to hail in low-density suburban areas. Conventional dial-a-ride provides a level of service and cost between\nfixed-route transit and taxi, but service is only available to a small segment of the traveling population, namely the elderly and handicapped. Autonomous dial-a-ride transit (ADART) is a modernized version of dial-a-ride transit that provides service for the general population and offer a level of service, quality and cost somewhere between fixed-route bus and taxi. Compared to conventional dial-a-ride, however, ADART costs less to operate. \n
Catalytic Asymmetric 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition of Nitrile Oxides to an Achiral Allyl Alcohol Utilizing Diisopropyl Tartrate as a Chiral Auxiliary (1996)

Abstract The catalytic asymmetric 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of nitrile oxides to an achiral allyl alcohol was achieved by the use of a catalytic amount of diisopropyl (R,R)-tartrate as a chiral auxiliary to afford the corresponding (R)-2-isoxazolines with high enantioselectivity. In order to realize reproducible higher stereoselection, the addition of a small amount of ethereal compound such as 1,4-dioxane was crucial.
A Biomarker for Detecting Early Tubulointerstitial Disease and Ischemia in Glomerulonephropathy (2007)

Present diagnostic tests such as serum creatinine determination and creatinine clearance are unable to reflect early tubulointerstitial disease. Because a kidney biopsy cannot be performed in every single patient, tubular epithelial function (namely, the fractional excretion of magnesium; FE Mg) that correlates directly with the degree of tubulointerstitial fibrosis would serve this purpose. FE Mg is normal in acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis and mesangial proliferative nephrosis with intact tubulointerstitial structure, and is abnormally elevated in nephrosis with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and in chronic kidney diseases in which kidney biopsies have been obtained. FE Mg is useful in the screening of tubulointerstitial disease in patients when indication for kidney biopsy in not fulfilled, such as diabetic patients or patients with microscopic proteinuria, hematuria, and hypertension. Altered FE Mg is usually associated with a reduction in peritubular capillary flow. There is a linear correlation between FE Mg and peritubular capillary flow, which supports the chronic ischemic injury inducing altered tubular function and tubulointerstitial fibrosis.
Prospects for agricultural recovery, VI. Farm mortgage policy (1933)

A farm mortgage policy is needed. With an outstanding farm mortgage debt twice that of the years 1910-1914 and with corporations owning over 8 percent of the farm land in Iowa, there is evidence of a problem that deserves attention. Since we talk of tariff policy, debate the pros and cons of monetary issues, and consider the desirability of a land-use program, it is reasonable that we face the question of farm mortgage policy, of planning a sounder method of financing farm ownership than has existed in the past.\nFurthermore, it is altogether fitting that the lead in this direction should be taken by farmers and farm-minded people in Iowa because the farm mortgage debt of Iowa exceeds that of any other state, amounting, it is estimated, to one-ninth of the total in the United States.
Über das Chelidonin (1888)

den verschiedenen Teilen dieser Pflanze ist besonders die Wurzel durch Alkaloidreichtum ausgezeichnet, und zwar ist der Gehalt an Basen zur beginnenden Bliitezeit am geringsten, urn jedoch schon nach e i m Tagen wieder eine Erhohung zu erfahren ( M a s i n g , Arch. d. P h m .
IoT based smart irrigation monitoring and controlling system (2017)

Interconnection of number of devices through internet describes the Internet of things (IoT). Every object is connected with each other through unique identifier so that data can be transferred without human to human interaction. It allows establishing solutions for better management of natural resources. The smart objects embedded with sensors enables interaction with the physical and logical worlds according to the concept of IoT. In this paper proposed system is based on IoT that uses real time input data. Smart farm irrigation system uses android phone for remote monitoring and controlling of drips through wireless sensor network. Zigbee is used for communication between sensor nodes and base station. Real time sensed data handling and demonstration on the server is accomplished using web based java graphical user interface. Wireless monitoring of field irrigation system reduces human intervention and allows remote monitoring and controlling on android phone. Cloud Computing is an attractive solution to the large amount of data generated by the wireless sensor network. This paper proposes and evaluates a cloud-based wireless communication system to monitor and control a set of sensors and actuators to assess the plants water need.
Downhole Motors Increase ROP and Reduce Cost Per Foot in the Austin Chalk Trend (1989)

ABSTRACT With currently depressed oil prices it is more important than ever for operating companies and drilling contractors to find ways of reducing drilling costs. By using some relatively new techniques, including computer-assisted planning aids and downhole motors with polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) bits, one drilling contractor reduced cost-per-foot by 20% in the Austin Chalk Trend. Technological advances in downhole motor designs have expanded their use as effective alternatives to rotary drilling in straight-hole and long-interval drilling applications in the Midway Shale and Austin Chalk Formations. The full potential of these motors, which for years have been used successfully in a variety of directional applications, can be tapped only through proper system design, planning and operating techniques. The key to optimizing downhole motor performance is a systems approach that encompasses motor/PDC bit selection, hydraulics, operations, breakeven cost analysis and projected results. Results of this type of planning can be seen in the following case history data that show the use of downhole motors offers straighter holes, increased penetration rates, fewer washouts, longer on-bottom time and reduced casing/drill pipe wear when compared to conventional rotary drilling operations. This paper describes the results of a series of wells drilled by a drilling contractor and how downhole motors reduced cost-per-foot by increasing the rate of penetration 50% to 100% in the Midway Shale and Austin Chalk Formations.
Learning Dynamic Memory Networks for Object Tracking (2018)

Template-matching methods for visual tracking have gained popularity recently due to their comparable performance and fast speed. However, they lack effective ways to adapt to changes in the target object's appearance, making their tracking accuracy still far from state-of-the-art. In this paper, we propose a dynamic memory network to adapt the template to the target's appearance variations during tracking. An LSTM is used as a memory controller, where the input is the search feature map and the outputs are the control signals for the reading and writing process of the memory block. As the location of the target is at first unknown in the search feature map, an attention mechanism is applied to concentrate the LSTM input on the potential target. To prevent aggressive model adaptivity, we apply gated residual template learning to control the amount of retrieved memory that is used to combine with the initial template. Unlike tracking-by-detection methods where the object's information is maintained by the weight parameters of neural networks, which requires expensive online fine-tuning to be adaptable, our tracker runs completely feed-forward and adapts to the target's appearance changes by updating the external memory. Moreover, unlike other tracking methods where the model capacity is fixed after offline training --- the capacity of our tracker can be easily enlarged as the memory requirements of a task increase, which is favorable for memorizing long-term object information. Extensive experiments on OTB and VOT demonstrates that our tracker MemTrack performs favorably against state-of-the-art tracking methods while retaining real-time speed of 50 fps.
Expression of the Extracellular Domain of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Envelope Protein and Its Fusion with β-Galactosidase in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (1998)

Two envelope glycoprotein gene fragments were cloned from the proviral genome of the HXB2 isolate of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). For the production of the two domains of the envelope gene product these cloned gene fragments were inserted into an Escherichia coli-yeast inducible shuttle vector fused to the galactokinase (GAL1) promoter. Cell extracts from strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae harboring these two vectors (pYENV1 and pYENV2) were found to contain a specific protein with a size of 50 kDa when induced by galactose, while the protein could not be detected in extracts from control cells containing only the E. coli-yeast vector in the presence of galactose. Furthermore, another expression plasmid coding for fusion proteins from the majority of the external envelope glycoprotein (gp120) moiety and a large part of the beta-galactosidase was constructed. Antibodies from HIV type 1-positive sera could react with recombinant fusion polypeptides. Transformants could produce this fusion protein to a level of about 1.6% of the total protein content, as deduced from beta-galactosidase activity.
Rapid Lytic Granule Convergence to the MTOC in Natural Killer Cells Is Dependent on Dynein But Not Cytolytic Commitment (2010)

Natural killer cells are lymphocytes specialized to participate in host defense through their innate ability to mediate cytotoxicity by secreting the contents of preformed secretory lysosomes (lytic granules) directly onto a target cell. This form of directed secretion requires the formation of an immunological synapse and occurs stepwise with actin reorganization preceding microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) polarization to the synapse. Because MTOC polarization to the synapse is required for polarization of lytic granules, we attempted to define their interrelationship. We found that compared with the time required for MTOC polarization, lytic granules converged to the MTOC rapidly. The MTOC-directed movement of lytic granules was independent of actin and microtubule reorganization, dependent on dynein motor function, occurred before MTOC polarization, and did not require a commitment to cytotoxicity. This defines a novel paradigm for rapid MTOC-directed transport as a prerequisite for directed secretion, one that may prepare, but not commit cells for precision secretory function.
Precast concrete building system components for the Westin resort hotel, part 2: Design and construction (2009)

The Westin Resort Hotel is an all-precast concrete building that emulates flat-slab, post-tensioned construction. Constructed in Avon, Colo., about 100 mi (160 km) west of Denver, Colo., the project demonstrates that a precast concrete alternative can be constructed in winter conditions on a confined site. The building was completed two weeks ahead of schedule using four basic precast concrete components: elevator and stair cores, columns with integral capitals, beam slabs, and rib slabs. About 3700 precast concrete pieces were required to complete the project. This paper describes the structural concept, alternative details, fabrication, and construction of the building project.
Antibacterial activity of tramadol: preliminary study (2006)

Vo Van, J. M.; Tamanai-Shacoori, Z.; Shacoori, V; Le Roy, M.; Bonnaure-Mallet, M. Author Information
Cerebral D2 and 5-HT2 Receptor occupancy in Schizophrenic Patients Treated with Olanzapine Or Clozapine (2004)

We report the results of a double-blind, randomized prospective trial on D2 and 5-HT2 receptor occupancy and the clinical effects of olanzapine versus clozapine in a sample of neuroleptic-refractory schizophrenic patients. Receptor occupancy was evaluated in different cortical areas and in basal ganglia using [18F] fluoro-ethyl-spiperone ([18F] FESP) and positron emission tomography (PET). A total of 15 neuroleptic-free patients completed the study undergoing a baseline and a post-treatment PET scan (olanzapine, nine patients, one female; clozapine, six patients, three female) 8 weeks after starting treatment. PET data were analysed both by regions of interest and on a voxel-by-voxel basis using Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM96). Olanzapine and clozapine induced a similar and significant inhibition of [18F] FESP binding index in the cortex. In the basal ganglia, receptor occupancy was significantly higher with olanzapine than with clozapine (p=0.0018). By contrast, no differences in receptor occupancy were detected at the level of the pituitary gland. Clinical outcomes, in particular a full extra pyramidal tolerability, were similar. In this sample of neuroleptic-refractory schizophrenic patients, olanzapine and clozapine showed a different pattern of occupancy of D2-like receptor despite a common lack of extrapyramidal side-effects.
Design considerations for lowpass and highpass all-pole f.d.n.r. networks (1978)

The specification of reactance dissipation factors and filter structure in prototype all-pole networks intended for realisation in f.d.n.r. form is considered. Results are presented to demonstrate the potential improvements in component spread and sensitivity that are possible with careful selection of capacitor loss factors and, in the case of odd-order networks, prototype topology.
Efficient rank aggregation using partial data (2012)

The need to rank items based on user input arises in many practical applications such as elections, group decision making and recommendation systems. The primary challenge in such scenarios is to decide on a global ranking based on partial preferences provided by users. The standard approach to address this challenge is to ask users to provide explicit numerical ratings (cardinal information) of a subset of the items. The main appeal of such an approach is the ease of aggregation. However, the rating scale as well as the individual ratings are often arbitrary and may not be consistent from one user to another. A more natural alternative to numerical ratings requires users to compare pairs of items (ordinal information). On the one hand, such comparisons provide an "absolute" indicator of the user's preference. On the other hand, it is often hard to combine or aggregate these comparisons to obtain a consistent global ranking.