gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mechanistic Insights Into Diabetes Mellitus and Oxidative Stress (2007)

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant healthcare concern worldwide that affects more than 165 million individuals leading to cardiovascular disease, nephropathy, retinopathy, and widespread disease of both the peripheral and central nervous systems. The incidence of undiagnosed diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, and impaired fasting glucose levels raises future concerns in regards to the financial and patient care resources that will be necessary to care for patients with DM. Interestingly, disease of the nervous system can become one of the most debilitating complications and affect sensitive cognitive regions of the brain, such as the hippocampus that modulates memory function, resulting in significant functional impairment and dementia. Oxidative stress forms the foundation for the induction of multiple cellular pathways that can ultimately lead to both the onset and subsequent complications of DM. In particular, novel pathways that involve metabotropic receptor signaling, protein-tyrosine phosphatases, Wnt proteins, Akt, GSK-3beta, and forkhead transcription factors may be responsible for the onset and progression of complications form DM. Further knowledge acquired in understanding the complexity of DM and its ability to impair cellular systems throughout the body will foster new strategies for the treatment of DM and its complications.
Precise Stark-effect measurements of the (4f<sup>6</sup>6s6p+4f<sup>5</sup>5d6s<sup>2</sup>)<sup>7</sup>F<sub>1</sub><sup>0</sup>-4f<sup>6</sup>6s<sup>2</sup><sup>7</sup>F<sub>1</sub>transition in Sm I (5720.19 AA) (1986)

Laser-atomic-beam spectroscopy was performed to determine precise values of the scalar and tensor polarisabilities of the Sm I 5720.19 AA line in order to get a sub-standard for a calibration of Stark-effect fields. The values obtained were alpha 0=-91.8(4) and alpha 2=13.29(6) kHz kV-2 cm2. A comparison with theoretical results shows good agreement.
Molybdenum complexes of sterically hindered thiols. The preparation and structure of[Mo(CO)2(SC6H2Pri 3)3]? (1983)

The reaction of [MoCl4(thf)2](thf = tetrahydrofuran) with NaSC6H2Pri3 in thf under CO gives [Mo(CO)2(SC6H2 Pri3)3]–(1); an X-ray crystal structure shows a trigonal bipyramidal structure with axial CO groups.
Hsp90 Inhibitor 17-Allylamino-17-Demethoxygeldanamycin Prevents Synovial Sarcoma Proliferation via Apoptosis in <i>In vitro</i> Models (2005)

Synovial sarcoma is a soft tissue malignancy with a poor prognosis; many patients will die from this disease within 10 years of diagnosis, despite treatment. Gene expression profiling and immunohistochemistry studies have identified oncogenes that are highly expressed in synovial sarcoma. Included in this group are receptor tyrosine kinases such as epidermal growth factor receptor, insulin-like growth factor receptor 1, fibroblast growth factor receptor 3, KIT, and HER2. Inhibitors of these growth-promoting receptors are likely to inhibit proliferation of synovial sarcoma; however, the effect of receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors on synovial sarcoma is largely unknown. We assessed the ability of the following receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors to halt proliferation and induce apoptosis in synovial sarcoma monolayer and three dimensional spheroid in vitro models: gefitinib (Iressa), NVP-AEW541, imatinib mesylate (Gleevec), SU5402, PRO-001, trastuzumab (Herceptin), and 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG). Gefitinib, NVP-AEW541, and imatinib inhibited proliferation only at relatively high concentrations, which are not clinically applicable. 17-AAG, which destabilizes multiple receptor tyrosine kinases and other oncoproteins through heat shock protein 90 inhibition, prevented proliferation and induced apoptosis in synovial sarcoma monolayer models at concentrations achievable in human serum. 17-AAG treatment was also associated with receptor tyrosine kinase degradation and induction of apoptosis in synovial sarcoma spheroid models. 17-AAG was more effective than doxorubicin, particularly in the spheroid models. Here we provide in vitro evidence that 17-AAG, a clinically applicable drug with known pharmacology and limited toxicity, inhibits synovial sarcoma proliferation by inducing apoptosis, and thus has potential as a systemic therapy for this disease.
Stimulation ofRibonucleic AcidSynthesis by Chloramphenicol ina rel+Aminoacyl-Transfer Ribonucleic AcidSynthetase Mutantof Escherichia coli (1971)

valyltransfer ribonucleic acid(tRNA)synthetase (EC6.1.1.9). Since9D3isa rel+ strain, itcannotcarry outnetRNA synthesis athightemperature. A 100-,ug amountofchloramphenicol (CAP)per mladdedintheabsence ofvaline cannot stimulate RNA synthesis. Either 300lAgofCAP or 100ggofCAP plus50gtgof valine per ml,however, promotesnearly maximal RNA synthesis. Theseresults can beunderstood as follows. (i)Valyl-tRNA isrequired fornetRNA synthesis, (ii) thesynthetase lesion isincomplete, (iii) therateofmutantacylation of tRNAval athightemperature isvaline-dependent, and(iv) theCAP concentration determines therateofresidual protein synthesis. Dataare alsopresented which demonstrate thattherateofnetRNA synthesis can greatly increase longafter the addition ofCAP,iftheamountofvalyl-tRNA increases.
Composition-Driven IoT Service Provisioning in Distributed Edges (2018)

The increasing number of Internet of Thing (IoT) devices and services makes it convenient for people to sense the real world and makes optimal decisions or complete complex tasks with them. However, the latency brought by unstable wireless networks and computation failures caused by constrained resources limit the development of IoT. A popular approach to solve this problem is to establish an IoT service provision system based on a mobile edge computing (MEC) model. In the MEC model, plenty of edge servers are placed with access points via wireless networks. With the help of cached services on edge servers, the latency can be reduced, and the computation can be offloaded. The cache services must be carefully selected so that many requests can by satisfied without overloading resources in edge servers. This paper proposes an optimized service cache policy by taking advantage of the composability of services to improve the performance of service provision systems. We conduct a series of experiments to evaluate the performance of our approach. The result shows that our approach can improve the average response time of these IoT services.
Synthesis and Structural Investigation of Zr(BH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>4</sub> (2012)

Zirconium tetraborohydride, Zr(BH4)4, was synthesized by a metathesis reaction between LiBH4 and ZrCl4 using high-energy ball milling. Initially, a white powder was produced, and during storage at −30 °C in a closed vial, transparent rectangular single crystals formed under the lid by vapor deposition. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction data revealed a cubic unit cell (a = 5.8387(4) Å, space group P-43m, determined at T = 100 K), which consists of neutral Zr(BH4)4 molecules. The BH4– anions coordinate to Zr via the tetrahedral faces (η3). The shortest distance between neighboring molecules in the solid is defined by B–H2···H2–B interactions of 2.77 Å. DFT calculations, based on the experimental structure, have been performed with the CRYSTAL code. A phonon instability in the Γ point was observed for space-group symmetry P-43m, which can be eliminated by a symmetry reduction to the cubic space group P23. Computed IR spectra for the two structural models turned out to be very similar. Synthesis and decomposition was further investigated using in situ synchrotron radiation powder X-ray diffraction.
Variations in structure and emission characteristics of nanostructured carbon films prepared by HFCVD method due to the addition of ammonia in source gases (2002)

We investigated the structural variation and the concomitant change in the emission characteristics of HFCVD-grown nanostructured carbon films induced by the addition of ammonia to source gases; nanostructured films were the mixture of nanotubes and nanoclusters. As the concentration of ammonia was increased, large structural variation, including the increase of disorder in the atomic bonding and the decrease in size of graphitic sheets making up nanotubes and nanoparticles, was observed. Moreover, changes in the emission properties corresponding to the structural degradation was observed.
Sequential Five‐Component Construction of the Cyclopenta[<i>e</i>][1,3]oxazine Skeleton using Stable 2‐Azetine Derivatives (2010)

Small-ring heterocycles are of prominent importance because of their potential as bioactive compounds and synthetic building blocks. Whilst the chemistry of three-membered nitrogen heterocycles has been widely reported, studies on their four-membered counterparts have focused primarily on 2-azetidinones and, to a much lesser extent, azetidine rings. The 2-azetine system 1,2-dihydroazete, which has a strained cyclic enamine ring, is particularly elusive. Most 2-azetine compounds undergo spontaneous electrocyclic ring opening to afford their 1-azadiene analogues; as such, there are few examples of stable 2-azetines in the literature and those reported require electron-withdrawing substituents, for example, carbonyl, carboxyl, sulfonyl, or nitro groups, attached to the nitrogen atom. As a consequence, the chemistry of 2azetines remains largely unexplored, and has been predominantly focused on their potential as a precursor to azadienes. Moreover, there are no general synthetic routes to 2azetines. Although, the [2+2] cycloaddition of alkynes and imines appears to be a convenient route to this type of heterocyclic framework, only a few specific examples have been reported; in these cases, electron-rich alkynes, as ynamines, alkynyl selenides, or alkynyl sulphides, are able to form the expected 2-azetine skeleton, which is not isolated but rapidly opens to the azadiene system. The [2+2] cycloaddition of electron-poor alkynes and imines has only previously been suggested as an intermediate in the cyclization reaction between an alkynyl(ethoxy)carbene of tungsten and imine fluorenones to afford pyrroline derivatives. As part of our interest in Fischer-type metal carbenes, we have recently considered more-electrophilic metal carbenes, the so-called non-heteroatom-stabilized carbenes. These compounds are particularly useful in organic synthesis, and our preliminary results have revealed significant differences in the reactivity of both heteroatomand non-heteroatomstabilized systems. Herein, we report the [2+2] cycloaddition reaction of alkynyl-substituted (pentacarbonyl)chromium or -tungsten carbene complexes with imines as a suitable procedure for accessing stable 2-azetine derivatives. Moreover, the conjugation of the resulting azetine unit with the metal carbene allows for a facile synthesis of novel cyclopenta[e][1,3]oxazines involving treatment with alkynes. This threecomponent process (azetine, alkyne, and CO ligand) features cleavage of the azetine C3 C4 bond, rather than the expected N C4 bond, and the formation of three C C bonds and one C O bond (Scheme 1).
Neuropeptides in temporomandibular joints with rheumatoid arthritis: a clinical study (1991)

There is evidence that neuropeptides play a role in the development of arthritis. Synovial fluid from arthritic temporomandibular joints in patients with rheumatoid arthritis was therefore investigated for presence of the neuropeptides calcitonin gene-related peptide, substance P, neurokinin A and neuropeptide Y. All four peptides were found in the synovial fluid above plasma level, but calcitonin gene-related peptide showed the highest concentration and substance P the lowest.
Hot electron induced channel length shortening model and its impact on HEIP in PMOS (2002)

A new analytical model based on a pseudo two dimensional model is presented for the hot electron induced channel length shortening (/spl Delta/L/sub H/) of PMOSFET. It has been founded that /spl Delta/L/sub H/ is a logarithmic function of both the stress time and the degradation of punchthrough voltage, and is also a linear function of the degradation of the drain current. /spl Delta/L/sub H/ can be predicted from the measurement of the gate current (/spl Delta/L/sub H//spl prop/I/sub g//sup n/) and can thus be used for the current calculation of a degraded PMOSFET.
Post-combustion Capture of CO<sub>2</sub>: Results from the Solvent Absorption Capture Plant at Hazelwood Power Station Using Potassium Carbonate Solvent (2012)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionPost-combustion Capture of CO2: Results from the Solvent Absorption Capture Plant at Hazelwood Power Station Using Potassium Carbonate SolventKathryn A. Mumford, Kathryn H. Smith, Clare J. Anderson, Shufeng Shen, Wendy Tao, Yohanes A. Suryaputradinata, Dimple M. Quyn, Abdul Qader, Barry Hooper, Renato A. Innocenzi, Sandra E. Kentish, and Geoffrey W. Stevens*Cite this: Energy Fuels 2012, 26, 10, 6449Publication Date (Web):September 28, 2012Publication History Published online28 September 2012Published inissue 18 October 2012https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ef3015519https://doi.org/10.1021/ef3015519correctionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2012 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views747Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (109 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Data-Rate Driven Transmission Strategies for Deep Learning-Based Communication Systems (2020)

Deep learning (DL) based autoencoder is a promising architecture to implement end-to-end communication systems. One fundamental problem of such systems is how to increase the transmission rate. Two new schemes are proposed to address the limited data rate issue: adaptive transmission scheme and generalized data representation (GDR) scheme. In the first scheme, an adaptive transmission is designed to select the transmission vectors for maximizing the data rate under different channel conditions. The block error rate (BLER) of the first scheme is 80% lower than that of the conventional one-hot vector scheme. This implies that higher data rate can be achieved by the adaptive transmission scheme. In the second scheme, the GDR replaces the conventional one-hot representation. The GDR scheme can achieve higher data rate than the conventional one-hot vector scheme with comparable BLER performance. For example, when the vector size is eight, the proposed GDR scheme can double the date rate of the one-hot vector scheme. Besides, the joint scheme of the two proposed schemes can create further benefits. The effect of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is analyzed for these DL-based communication systems. Numerical results show that training the autoencoder using data set with various SNR values can attain robust BLER performance under different channel conditions.
Tyrosine Kinase, p56 -induced Cell Motility, and Urokinase-type Plasminogen Activator Secretion Involve Activation of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor/Extracellular Signal Regulated Kinase Pathways (2004)

We have recently reported that tyrosine kinase, p56(lck) regulates cell motility and nuclear factor kappaB-mediated secretion of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) through tyrosine phosphorylation of IkappaBalpha following hypoxia/reoxygenation (Mahabeleshwar, G. H., and Kundu, G. C. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278, 52598-52612). However, the role of hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) on ERK1/2-mediated uPA secretion and cell motility and the involvement of p56(lck) and EGF receptor in these processes in breast cancer cells is not well defined. We provide here evidence that H/R induces Lck kinase activity and Lck-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of EGF receptor in highly invasive (MDA-MB-231) and low invasive (MCF-7) breast cancer cells. H/R also stimulates MEK-1 and ERK1/2 phosphorylations, and H/R-induced phosphorylations were suppressed by the dominant negative form of Lck (DN Lck, K273R) as well as pharmacological inhibitors of EGF receptor and Lck indicating that EGF receptors and Lck are involved in these processes. Transfection of these cells with wild type Lck or Lck F505 (Y505F) but not with Lck F394 (Y394F) induced phosphorylations of EGF receptor followed by MEK-1 and ERK1/2, suggesting that Lck is upstream of EGF receptor and Tyr-394 of Lck is crucial for these processes. H/R also induced uPA secretion and cell motility in these cells. DN Lck and inhibitors of Lck, EGF receptor, and MEK-1 suppressed H/R-induced uPA secretion and cell motility. To our knowledge, this is the first report that p56(lck) in presence of H/R regulates MEK-1-dependent ERK1/2 phosphorylation and uPA secretion through tyrosine phosphorylation of EGF receptor, and it further demonstrates that all of these signaling molecules ultimately control the motility of breast cancer cells.
Cellulose nanofibril‐reinforced polypropylene composites for material extrusion: Rheological properties (2017)

Polypropylene (PP) is not typically utilized in 3D printing material extrusion because PP shrinks and warps during the printing process. Cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) have the potential to make PP 3D printer processable and also enhance mechanical properties of PP printed parts. The rheological behavior of CNF‐PP composites during material extrusion requires study because it is different from injection molding and compression molding processes. This study revealed the effects of CNF contents (3 and 10 wt%) and maleic anhydride polypropylene (MAPP) coupling agent on the rheological properties of CNF–PP composites. Morphological analysis showed that CNF agglomerated during spray drying and a spherical structure was formed. Rheological tests showed that the elastic modulus, complex viscosity, viscosity, and transient flow shear stress of PP were increased by the addition of 10 wt% CNF, while the creep strain of PP was reduced. The damping factor and stress relaxation time remained the same when 10 wt% CNF was added to the PP. Incorporation of MAPP into the CNF–PP composites impacted the rheological properties of the CNF–PP composites. Flexural strength and modulus of PP were improved by 5.9% and 26.8% by adding 10 wt% CNF compared to the control. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2017. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers
Prefrontal Serotonin Depletion Affects Reversal Learning But Not Attentional Set Shifting (2005)

Recently, we have shown that serotonin (5-HT) depletion from the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of the marmoset monkey impairs performance on a serial discrimination reversal (SDR) task, resulting in perseverative responding to the previously correct stimulus (Clarke et al., 2004). This pattern of impairment is just one example of inflexible responding seen after damage to the PFC, with performance on the SDR task being dependent on the integrity of the orbitofrontal cortex. However, the contribution of 5-HT to other forms of flexible responding, such as attentional set shifting, an ability dependent on lateral PFC (Dias et al., 1996a), is unknown. The present study addresses this issue by examining the effects of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine-induced PFC 5-HT depletions on the ability to shift attention between two perceptual dimensions of a compound visual stimulus (extradimensional shift). Monkeys with selective PFC 5-HT lesions, despite being impaired in their ability to reverse a stimulus-reward association, were unimpaired in their ability to make an extradimensional shift when compared with sham-operated controls. These findings suggest that 5-HT is critical for flexible responding at the level of changing stimulus-reward contingencies but is not essential for the higher-order shifting of attentional set. Thus, psychological functions dependent on different loci within the PFC are differentially sensitive to serotonergic modulation, a finding of relevance to our understanding of cognitive inflexibility apparent in disorders such as obsessive-compulsive disorder and schizophrenia.
DNA methylation variation of human-specific Alu repeats (2016)

DNA methylation is the major repression mechanism for human retrotransposons, such as the Alu family. Here, we have determined the methylation levels associated with 5238 loci belonging to 2 Alu subfamilies, AluYa5 and AluYb8, using high-throughput targeted repeat element bisulfite sequencing (HT-TREBS). The results indicate that ∼90% of loci are repressed by high methylation levels. Of the remaining loci, many of the hypomethylated elements are found near gene promoters and show high levels of DNA methylation variation. We have characterized this variation in the context of tumorigenesis and interindividual differences. Comparison of a primary breast tumor and its matched normal tissue revealed early DNA methylation changes in ∼1% of AluYb8 elements in response to tumorigenesis. Simultaneously, AluYa5/Yb8 elements proximal to promoters also showed differences in methylation of up to one order of magnitude, even between normal individuals. Overall, the current study demonstrates that early loss of methylation occurs during tumorigenesis in a subset of young Alu elements, suggesting their potential clinical relevance. However, approaches such as deep-bisulfite-sequencing of individual loci using HT-TREBS are required to distinguish clinically relevant loci from the background observed for AluYa5/Yb8 elements in general with regard to high levels of interindividual variation in DNA methylation.