gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i>Escherichia coli</i>promoter sequences predict<i>in vitro</i>RNA polymerase selectivity (1984)

We describe a simple algorithm for computing a homology score for Escherichia coli promoters based on DNA sequence alone. The homology score was related to 31 values, measured in vitro, of RNA polymerase selectivity, which we define as the product KBk2, the apparent second order rate constant for open complex formation. We found that promoter strength could be predicted to within a factor of +/-4.1 in KBk2 over a range of 10(4) in the same parameter. The quantitative evaluation was linked to an automated (Apple II) procedure for searching and evaluating possible promoters in DNA sequence files.
Entangled Species: The Inclusive Posthumanist Ecopoetics of Juliana Spahr (2014)

In her most recent collection, Well Then There Now (2011), Juliana Spahr promotes an inclusive posthumanist ethics by composing poetry that adopts the complex patterns of nature, a poetry that models the shared, connective spaces we inhabit with others. Reacting to our contemporary moment of intense globalization and economic imperialism, and the environmental changes accompanying these giant social forces, Spahr conducts investigations of and through language in order to become more fully aware of the interconnections between self and others; and between self, others and environment, including how material interconnections shape our social and cultural conditions. Through her signature use of Steinian repetition and parataxis—alongside a process of cutting up, hashing, and recycling text—Spahr looks critically at the systemic intersection of all organisms, including the artificial or non-living other. As this essay argues, by emphasizing points of convergence between human, machine, and animal, Spahr’s inclusive poetics teaches us how to live intersectionally with respect and regard for other species, and encourages us to acknowledge our existence as co-existence.
A medium temperature radiation calibration facility using a new design of heatpipe blackbody as a standard source (2001)

A blackbody calibration facility which can cover the medium temperature range from 500 to 1200 K has been established. To cover the range from 500 to 800 K, a new design of heatpipe blackbody source which uses a mixture of caesium, potassium and sodium as the working fluid has been developed. The upper limit of the operating range of this heatpipe is around 1000 K. The temperature uniformity of the blackbody cavity over two thirds of its length from the closed end is better than 0.05% of the operating temperature (in kelvins). For the range from 800 to 1200 K, another heatpipe blackbody whose working fluid is sodium was manufactured. The temperature uniformity of the blackbody cavity in this device is 0.04% of the operating temperature. The calibration facility consists of a large turntable on which the reference and test blackbodies are positioned and a measurement guide on which an accurate radiometer is mounted. The measurement procedure yields an uncertainty of 0.4% (2σ) in the calibration of industrial blackbodies.
Inhibition of Lewis Lung Carcinoma Growth by Toxoplasma gondii through Induction of Th1 Immune Responses and Inhibition of Angiogenesis (2007)

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite that induces antitumor activity against certain types of cancers. However, little information is available regarding the immunologic mechanisms that regulate these effects. For this purpose, C57BL/6 mice were administered either the T. gondii Me49 strain orally or Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells intramuscularly. Survival rates, tumor size, histopathology, and immune responses were determined for each group, and angiogenesis was evaluated by in vivo Matrigel plug assay. Toxoplasma-infected (TG-injected) mice survived the entire experimental period, whereas cancer cell-bearing (LLC-injected) mice died within six weeks. Mice injected with both T. gondii and cancer cells (TG/LLC-injected group) showed significantly increased survival rates, CD8+ T-cell percentages, IFN-gamma mRNA expression levels, serum IgG2a titers, and CTL responses as compared to the LLC-injected mice. In addition, angiogenesis in the TG/LLC-injected mice was notably inhibited. These effects in TG/LCC-injected mice were similar or were increased by the addition of an adjuvant, Quil-A. However, TG/LLC-injected mice showed decreased percentages of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, IFN-gamma mRNA expression levels, and serum IgG1 and IgG2a titers as compared to TG-injected mice. Taken together, our results demonstrate that T. gondii infection inhibits tumor growth in the Lewis lung carcinoma mouse model through the induction of Th1 immune responses and antiangiogenic activity.
Hybridization of <i>Neotyphodium</i> endophytes enhances competitive ability of the host grass (2012)

• Associations with microbial symbionts may lead to niche differentiation of their host. Vertically transmitted Neotyphodium endophytes of grasses often hybridize in nature. Infection by these hybrid symbionts may result in different host-plant phenotypes from those caused as a result of infection by nonhybrid symbionts. Observations of wild Arizona fescue (Festuca arizonica) populations show that hybrid Neotyphodium-infected (H+) grasses dominate in resource-poor environments, whereas nonhybrid endophyte-infected (NH+) grasses dominate in environments with more resources. We studied the hypothesis that hybridization of endophytes increases stress tolerance of the host. • To test whether hybridization of Neotyphodium affects performance and competitive abilities of the host depending on resources, we conducted a glasshouse experiment where competition, nutrients and watering were manipulated. • H+ plants had greater wet biomass than NH+ and endophyte-free plants, when grown in competition, but only in low-water and low-nutrient treatments. By contrast, NH+ plants did not perform better than H+ or endophyte-free plants regardless of the treatment combination. • Our results suggest that hybridization of symbiotic Neotyphodium endophytes may increase competitive potential of the host in stressful environments and that this hybridization may be underlying niche expansion of Arizona fescue in the environments with low resources.
한국인 대장암 및 유방암 사망의 장기추세 : 출생코호트 효과? (2005)

Purpose : Cancer has been the leading cause of deaths since 1980s in Korea. Among them, colorectal cancer and breast cancer shows steadily increasing...
The Cresco Bridge and implant concept: presentation of a technology for fabrication of abutment-free, passively fitting superstructures. (2005)

This article describes a new and cost-effective concept comprising innovative and simplified clinical and laboratory procedures for the rational fabrication of abutment-free, cast-titanium superstructures with passive fit to implants. Other alloys, such as precious metal or cobalt-chromium, can also be used. The precision of fit between the implants and superstructure is obtained by the Cresco Ti Precision method. This method is a user-friendly technology and can be adapted to most implant systems on the market. The method does not include any abutments, even when implants are positioned in extremely different angulations or inclined in a facial or palatal direction. Coupled with a simple All Parts Included (API) delivery system, the concept therefore represents an efficient treatment alternative.
TNF-α Contributes to Caspase-3 Independent Apoptosis in Neuroblastoma Cells: Role of NFAT (2011)

There is increasing evidence that soluble factors in inflammatory central nervous system diseases not only regulate the inflammatory process but also directly influence electrophysiological membrane properties of neurons and astrocytes. In this context, the cytokine TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α) has complex injury promoting, as well as protective, effects on neuronal viability. Up-regulated TNF-α expression has also been found in various neurodegenerative diseases such as cerebral malaria, AIDS dementia, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, and stroke, suggesting a potential pathogenic role of TNF-α in these diseases as well. We used the neuroblastoma cells SK-N-MC. Transcriptional activity was measured using luciferase reporter gene assays by using lipofectin. We performed cotransfection experiments of NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) promoter constructed with a dominant negative version of NFAT (dn-NFAT). Cell death was performed by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)5,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) and TUNEL assays. NFAT translocation was confirmed by Western blot. Involvement of NFAT in cell death was assessed by using VIVIT. P53, Fas-L, caspase-3, and caspase-9 expressions were carried out by Western blot. The mechanisms involved in TNF-α-induced cell death were assessed by using microarray analysis. TNF-α causes neuronal cell death in the absence of glia. TNF-α treatment results in nuclear translocation of NFAT through activation of calcineurin in a Ca(2+) independent manner. We demonstrated the involvement of FasL/Fas, cytochrome c, and caspase-9 but the lack of caspase-3 activation. NB cell death was absolutely reverted in the presence of VIVIT, and partially diminished by anti-Fas treatment. These data demonstrate that TNF-α promotes FasL expression through NFAT activation in neuroblastoma cells and this event leads to increased apoptosis through independent caspase-3 activation.
Short Notices (1967)

Journal Article Short Notices Get access J. R. WESTERN J. R. WESTERN University of Manchester Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume LXXXII, Issue CCCXXIV, July 1967, Pages 622–623, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/LXXXII.CCCXXIV.622 Published: 01 July 1967
Assembly of cytochrome‐<i>c</i> oxidase in cultured human cells (1998)

The assembly of cytochrome-c oxidase was studied in human cells cultured in the presence of inhibitors of mitochondrial or cytosolic protein synthesis. Mitochondrial fractions were resolved using two-dimensional PAGE (blue native PAGE and tricine/SDS/PAGE) and subsequent western blots were developed with monoclonal antibodies against specific subunits of cytochrome-c oxidase. Proteins were also visualized using metabolic labeling followed by two-dimensional electrophoresis and fluorography. These techniques allowed identification of two assembly intermediates of cytochrome-c oxidase. Assembly of the 13 subunits of cytochrome-c oxidase starts with the association of subunit I with subunit IV. Then a larger subcomplex is formed, lacking only subunits VIa and either VIIa or VIIb.
Ponderosa Pine Needle-Induced Abortion in Beef Cattle: Identification of Isocupressic Acid as the Principal Active Compound (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPonderosa Pine Needle-Induced Abortion in Beef Cattle: Identification of Isocupressic Acid as the Principal Active CompoundDale R. Gardner, Russell J. Molyneux, Lynn F. James, Kip E. Panter, and Bryan L. StegelmeierCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1994, 42, 3, 756–761Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1994https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00039a031Request reuse permissionsArticle Views440Altmetric-Citations63LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (839 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Sunspot photometry with phase diversity (2002)

The global brightness structure of a small sunspot is investigated. Seeing and instrumental effects are compensated by application of the phase-diversity technique and a conventional deconvolution method. We calculate brightness temperatures for the reconstructed data in three simultaneously observed continuum bands of the solar spectrum (402.1 nm, 569.5 nm, 709.1 nm). The darkest umbral regions are on average 0.17, 0.27 and 0.32 bright. The corresponding temperatures lie in the range around 4790 K, 4600 K and 4460 K. The spatially averaged penumbral brightness amounts to 0.72, 0.81 and 0.85, which corresponds to 5910 K, 5750 K and 5640 K, respectively. Although the spectral distribution of the umbral and penumbral intensities is consistent with former measurements, the derived values support the idea that there exist a real difference in the thermal properties between the umbrae of small and large sunspots.
Review of Preclinical and Clinical Results with Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors for Therapeutic Angiogenesis. (2000)

Therapeutic angiogenesis is a novel approach to the treatment of coronary and peripheral vascular disease not amenable to standard revascularization techniques. Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) are a family of angiogenic proteins specific for endothelial cells and essential in the process of angiogenesis. Successful therapeutic angiogenesis has been demonstrated using VEGF in preclinical models. Based on initial clinical results, VEGF is a promising approach to ischemic vascular disease, but long-term safety and efficacy remain unproven.
15N nuclear polarisation in nitration and related reactions. Part 5. The borderline between the classical and the electron transfer mechanisms in nitration by the nitronium ion (1991)

The nitration of p-xylene, mesitylene, naphthalene, [2H8] naphthalene, durene and some related compounds has been followed by 15N NMR spectroscopy in a mixture of trifluoroacetic acid and nitro-methane containing sufficient sodium azide to inhibit nitrous acid catalysed nitration. Significant 15N nuclear polarisation occurs with durene and the naphthalenes and has been analysed by comparison with theoretical curves leading to the calculation of enhancement coefficients. The results indicate that a small part of the reaction of naphthalene with nitronium ions under these conditions involves direct electron transfer between the reactants before the formation of the Wheland intermediate. The extent of this electron transfer is much greater than expected from Marcus theory calculations based on an outer-sphere electron transfer (ET) reaction: the discrepancy is discussed in terms of the initial interaction between the reactants and the solvent effects on the equilibrium constant for the electron transfer.
Developments in Coiled Tubing BOP Ram Design (1995)

Abstract Significant technical improvements have been made recently in the design of coiled tubing (CT) blowout preventer (BOP) shear and slip rams. This technology is constantly being enhanced and refined as the CT service industry continues to mature and new operational demands are placed on the CT pressure control equipment. Larger CT sizes require better BOP shearing capabilities. Advancements in the understanding of CT fatigue life25 have caused the life reducing affects of the slip ram markings on the pipe to be examined. This paper explores the circumstances that have precipitated these improvements, and the research and development methods involved in developing better BOP rams. CT Shear Rams The CT shear ram should be capable of shearing a specified range of CT with no tension in the string at maximum well head pressure5, leaving a sheared portion of CT with a fishable top profile that has a residual outside diameter equal to or less than the original outside diameter. Equally important is the amount of flow area in the lower fish to permit sufficient circulation through the sheared CT to control the well during the well recovery sequence. With the advent of operations with an electrical wireline installed inside of the CT, it has become an important design criteria that the shear rams cut not only a wide range of CT sizes but also stranded wireline inside the CT. The shear blades must be designed to eliminate any gap between the blades at the point of contact with the stranded wire to prevent trapping small diameterstrands of the cable that would result in an incomplete shear. Also, the ability to repeatedly shear a wide range of sizes and weights of CT offers a definite advantage over previous designs of shear blades which required changing out blades for each size of CT. Earlier designs of shear blades were lacking in their ability to perform multiple cuts, and to shear wireline.hese designs typically had a "V" pocket configuration as is shown in figure 1, with a knife cutting edge fabricated from carburized carbon steel or hardened tool steel. These blades were generally limited to the smaller CT sizes up to 1-1/4" diameter used during that period. They were designed for a one time emergency cut and were to be replaced after each use due to their tendency to fracture on the first closure. Due to demand for a multiple cut blade and advances in CT metallurgy that propagated larger diameters and weights of CT, new innovations in blade design were required. The radius pocket blade was introduced with a square cutting edge to overcome the shearing deficiencies of the earlier "V" blades, This concept proved successful in its ability to repeatedly shear CT and wireline without damaging the blade?s cutting edge. This was achieved by the radius pocket and blunt cutling edge, shown in figure 1, that allow the shearing impressive forces to be distributed over the entire cutting edge. Also, the radius net made a preferable cut that left an elliptical profile.
Social decision making in autism: On the impact of mirror neurons, motor control, and imitative behaviors (2018)

The Mirror Neuron System (MNS) plays a crucial role in action perception and imitative behavior, which is suggested to be impaired in Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs). In this review, we discuss the plausibility and empirical evidence of a neural interaction between the MNS, action perception, empathy, imitative behavior, and their impact on social decision making in ASDs. To date, there is no consensus regarding a particular theory in ASDs and its underlying mechanisms. Some theories have completely focused on social difficulties, others have emphasized sensory aspects. Based on the current studies, we suggest a multilayer neural network model including the MNS on a first layer and transforming this information to a higher layer network responsible for reasoning. Future studies with ASD participants combining behavioral tasks with neuroimaging methods and transcranial brain stimulation as well as computational modeling can help validate and complement this suggested model. Moreover, we propose applying the behavioral paradigms, and the neurophysiological markers mentioned in this review article for evaluating psychiatric treatment approaches in ASDs. The investigation of modulating effects of different treatment approaches on the neurophysiological markers of the MNS can help find specific subgroups of ASDs patients and support tailored psychiatric interventions.
The role of Ikaros in human erythroid differentiation (2007)

Ikaros--a factor that positively or negatively controls gene transcription--is active in murine adult erythroid cells, and involved in fetal to adult globin switching. Mice with Ikaros mutations have defects in erythropoiesis and anemia. In this paper, we have studied the role of Ikaros in human erythroid development for the first time. Using a gene-transfer strategy, we expressed Ikaros 6 (Ik6)--a known dominant--negative protein that interferes with normal Ikaros activity-in cord blood or apheresis CD34(+) cells that were induced to differentiate along the erythroid pathway. Lentivirally induced Ik6-forced expression resulted in increased cell death, decreased cell proliferation, and decreased expression of erythroid-specific genes, including GATA1 and fetal and adult globins. In contrast, we observed the maintenance of a residual myeloid population that can be detected in this culture system, with a relative increase of myeloid gene expression, including PU1. In secondary cultures, expression of Ik6 favored reversion of sorted and phenotypically defined erythroid cells into myeloid cells, and prevented reversion of myeloid cells into erythroid cells. We conclude that Ikaros is involved in human adult or fetal erythroid differentiation as well as in the commitment between erythroid and myeloid cells.
Rectangularly Multi-Module Memory System with Table-Based Dynamic Addressing Scheme (2008)

Many researchers have been interested in the processor-memory bottleneck problem. Quite a few image applications are only interested in one or more partial regions in the images. This paper proposes an efficient multi-access memory scheme for these image applications with multiple interested regions. A multi-module memory structure is presented between the main memory and the processing units, which achieves conflict-free parallel access of randomly aligned rectangular blocks of data in the interested regions. To increase the accessing efficiency, only interested regions are transmitted from main memory to secondary multi-module memory structure, and overlapped data between different regions are reused without retransfer. The addressing scheme of secondary multi-module memory is not based on predetermined addressing function, but based on a table structure mapping virtual addresses of required data to physical addresses of secondary memory modules, which increases data reusability without losing addressing consistency. The table content is updated for addressing consistency every time processing a new region. The proposed twin-table structure and block-rescheduling scheme reduce the addressing latency. Synthesis results on FPGA indicate small hardware costs for a range of access pattern dimensions. Significant transfer speedups in our experiments are achieved when compared with the scheme that accesses main memory directly.
Electronic structure of nitrogen-carbon alloys<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mi>a</mml:mi><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">CN</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:math>determined by photoelectron spectroscopy (1998)

The electronic structure of nitrogen-containing diamondlike films prepared by sputtering was determined by photoelectron spectroscopy. The $\mathrm{N}1s$ core-level spectra are constituted by two peaks at 400.5 and 398.2 eV associated with substitutional $\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{sp}}^{2}$ in aromatic rings and N bonded to $\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{sp}}^{3},$ respectively. On increasing N, the top of the valence band suffers profound changes. The new features are identified by a comparison of the experimental spectra with theoretically calculated density of states of nitrogen-containing graphite and ${\mathrm{C}}_{3}{\mathrm{N}}_{4}$ structures.