gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
THE ROLE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAITS IN MARKET MAVENSIM USING BIG FIVE MODEL (2012)

Personality research has approached a salient consensus step due to widespread use of individual differences, converging on five big model factors with marketing concept. This paper clarifies a market mavenism psychology concept and relates market mavens with big five factor model. Market Mavens are consumer which have tendency to become especially involved in the marketplace. The purpose of this research is to contribute to identify prominent personality traits of market maven through big five model and attempts an indepth investigation to provide guidance for manager so that they can more effectively appeal to consumers who possess this tendency. 146 questionnaires were distributed and have analyzed. Multiple linear regression is used to analyze the effects of five big model traits on market mavens dependent variable. As a result, Extraversion and Openness and Conscientiousness are the three significant characteristic which highlights in their personality traits.
Theoretically, these findings enrich the knowledge of the psychology of market mavens by suggesting important factors of their personality from big five perspective. Our finding provide the impetus for additional research aimed at further delineating the relationship shared between these two constructs( market mavenism and psychological traits).
A motion estimation refinement framework for real-time tissue axial strain estimation with freehand ultrasound (2010)

Ultrasound elastography has become a wellknown optional imaging method for the diagnosis of tissue abnormalities in various body parts. It images the elasticity of compliant tissues by estimating the local displacements and strains using pre- and post-compression RF echo signals. In this paper, taking the RF signal as image intensity and RF samples as pixels, we present a motion estimation framework to compute the axial tissue displacements and strains. This method takes advantage of both the block matching algorithm (BMA) and local optical flow techniques. For two frames of RF signals, coarse motion estimates are first computed using BMA. The motion estimates obtained are then used to warp the first frame toward the second one, thus making the warped frame more spatially correlated to the second one. Next, the Lucas-Kanade optical flow method is employed to compute the residual motion between the warped frame and the original second frame, with inherent sub-pixel precision. Finally, the displacements from the two steps are combined. The warp-and-refine procedure can be iterated if the residual motion is larger than a predefined empirical threshold. To test its feasibility, we first applied the method to simulated data. The results show that our method is robust to relatively large motions and is capable of generating accurate motion estimation with subsample spatial resolution. These methods have been deployed and are being tested on a commercialized ultrasound machine that previously did not have elastography functions. Quality real-time display of elastography along with freehand scanning has been accomplished. The proposed framework provides an alternative method for motion estimation with good performance, and it can potentially be improved using hardware to realize the BMA.
Twisted nematic liquid crystal polarization grating with the handedness conservation of a circularly polarized state (2012)

We propose a liquid crystal (LC) polarization grating that conserves the polarization state of incident light, wherein the variation range of the twist angle is 2π. The design scheme for theoretically 100% diffraction efficiency of the first-diffraction order is derived, and a prototype LC grating is evaluated. Under zero voltage, the fabricated LC grating exhibits high efficiency of the first-order diffraction, validating the proposed design scheme. The high efficiency of the second-order diffraction can also be achieved under a high voltage so that the LC director in the midplane is vertical to the substrate plane. The circular polarization sense of the second-order diffraction is identical to that of the incident light as in the case of the first-order diffraction. This grating functions as a beam deflector, steering the input beam in three different directions (zeroth-, first-, and second-order diffractions) by adjusting the applied voltage.
Roles of Allelopathy in Plant Biodiversity and Sustainable Agriculture (1999)

Allelopathic compounds are metabolites released from plants that might be beneficial or detrimental to the growth of receptor plants. These compounds are involved in the environmental complex of managed or natural ecosystems. Allelopathic compounds have been shown to play important roles in the determination of plant diversity, dominance, succession, and climax of natural vegetation and in the plant productivity of agroecosystems. The overuse of synthetic agrochemicals often causes environmental hazards, an imbalance of soil microorganisms, nutrient deficiency, and change of soil physicochemical properties, resulting in a decrease of crop productivity. The incorporation of allelopathic substances into agricultural management may reduce the use of synthetic herbicides, fungicides, and insecticides and lessen environmental deterioration. Scientists in many different habitats around the world have demonstrated the above examples previously. It is known that most volatile compounds, such as terpenoids, are released from plants in drought areas. In contrast, water-borne phytotoxins, such as phenolics, flavonoids, or alkaloids, are released from plants in humid zone areas. Both allelopathy and autointoxication play an important mechanism in regulating plant biodiversity and plant productivity. A unique case study of a pasture-forest intercropping system, which is particularly emphasized here, could be used as a model for forest management. After the deforestation of coniferous or hardwood forests, a pasture grass, kikuyu grass (Pennisetum clandestinum), was transplanted onto the land. The grass was quickly established within 6 months. Significant suppression of weed growth by the kikuyu grass was found; however, the growth of coniferous or hardwood plants was not suppressed but stimulated. This example as well as others described in this text clearly indicate that allelopathy plays a significant role in sustainable agriculture. Nevertheless, room for allelopathic research in the next century is available for biologists, biochemists, biotechnologists, and chemists. Future allelopathic research should focus on the following tasks: (1) a continuous survey of potential allelochemicals from natural vegetation or microorganisms, (2) the establishment of practical ways of using allelochemicals in the field, (3) to understand the mode of action of allelopathic chemicals in receptor organisms, (4) to understand the role of allelopathic chemicals in biodiversity and ecosystem function, (5) to explore advanced biotechnology for allocating allelopathic chemical genes in plants or microorganisms for biological control, and (6) to challenge the natural product chemists to develop a better methodology for isolating allelopathic compounds or their degraded compounds from the environment, particularly the soil environment.
Maillard Reaction Products in Processed Food: Pros and Cons (2012)

Food Industrial Processes -Methods and Equipment
A 2-Level TCAM Architecture for Ranges (2006)

As the demand for high-quality Internet increases, emerging network applications are spurring the need for faster, feature-rich, and cost-effective routers. Multifield packet classification in routers has been a computation-intensive data path function for software implementation. Therefore, solutions for packet classification based on hardware design, such as Ternary Content Addressable Memory (TCAM), are necessary to sustain gigabit line processing rate. Traditionally, TCAMs have been designed for storing prefixes. However, multifield packet classification usually involves two fields of arbitrary ranges that are TCP/IP layer 4 source and destination ports. Storing ranges in TCAMs relies on decomposing each individual range into multiple prefixes, which leads to range-to-prefix blowout. To reduce the total number of prefixes needed to represent all ranges, this paper proposes a 2-level TCAM architecture and two range-to-prefix conversion schemes. In the first proposed scheme, designed for disjoint ranges, the maximum number of entries needed in TCAM is 2m-1 for m disjoint ranges. In the second proposed scheme, designed for contiguous ranges, only m TCAM entries are needed. In a general case of n arbitrary ranges, all ranges can first be converted into disjoint ranges or contiguous ranges and then the proposed algorithms can be applied. As a result, only 4n-3 TCAM entries are needed for the disjoint ranges and only 2n+1 TCAM entries are needed for contiguous ranges. This paper also proposes insertion and deletion algorithms to accommodate incremental changes to the range sets. The experiments made show that the proposed range-to-prefix conversion schemes perform better than the existing schemes in terms of the number of required TCAM entries and execution time for range update operations.
Mean hilbert envelope coefficients (MHEC) for robust speaker recognition (2012)

The recently introduced mean Hilbert envelope coefficients (MHEC) have been shown to be an effective alternative to MFCCs for robust speaker identification under noisy and reverberant conditions in relatively small tasks. In this study, we investigate the effectiveness of these acoustic features in the context of a state-of-the-art speaker recognition system. The i-vectors are used to represent the acoustic space of speakers, while modeling is performed via probabilistic linear discriminant analysis (PLDA). We report speaker verification performance on the NIST SRE-2010 extended telephone and microphone trials for both female and male genders. Experimental results confirm consistent superiority of MHECs to traditional MFCCs within i-vector speaker verification, particularly under microphone and telephone training-test mismatch conditions. In addition, fusion of subsystems trained with the individual front-ends proves that the two acoustic features (i.e., MHEC and MFCC) provide complimentary information for recognizing speakers.
Study on optimization method of dynamic extraction process (2012)

In the extraction time, the dynamic optimization process is superior to the orthogonal design optimization process in that it can significantly reduce the extraction time and lower production costs.
Bioactive Flavonoids of the Flowers of Butea monosperma (2009)

One new dihydrochalcone, dihydromonospermoside (7), was isolated from the flowers of Butea monosperma together with three known chalcones, butein (2), monospermoside (4) and isoliquiritigenin (8), one flavone, 7,3',4'-trihydroxyflavone (6), four flavanones, (-)-butin (1a), (-)-butrin (3a), (+)-isomonospermoside (5b) and (-)-liquiritigenin (9a), and three isoflavones, formononetin (10), afrormosin (11) and formononetin-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (12). The structure of the new compound was elucidated by spectroscopic techniques whereas those of the known compounds were identified by comparisons of spectroscopic and some physical data with those of reported compounds. The absolute configurations at the 2-position of the flavanones 1a, 3a, 5b and 9a were established to be 2S, 2S, 2R and 2S, respectively, by circular dichroism spectral measurements and were confirmed by comparison of the optical rotations with those of reported values and by enzymic hydrolysis of the glucosides to the corresponding aglycones. The isolated flavonoids exhibited varying antimycobacterial activity with the chalcone 2 being the most active compound (MIC 12.5 microg/ml).
Double ion exchange for high-index waveguides in LiTaO <sub>3</sub> (1992)

The Letter describes the fabrication and properties of optical waveguides formed in Y-cut LiTaO3 by simultaneous processing of zinc–lithium, proton–lithium and zinc–proton exchange in the melts K2SO4–Na2SO4–ZnSO4–LiSO4–KHSO4 at 540°C. A surface increase of the refractive index of 0.14 was observed for the extraordinary polarisation and 0.11 for the ordinary polarisation. The dynamics of the process is discussed.
Optimization of Unequal Power Coded Multiuser DS-CDMA using Extrinsic Information Transfer Charts (2006)

We utilize extrinsic information transfer (EXIT) charts to optimize the power allocation in a multiuser turbo-coded CDMA system. We investigate two methods to obtain the optimal power levels: the first minimises the total power; the second minimises the area between the transfer curves of the interference canceller (IC) or turbo decoder. We show through simulation that the optimized power levels allow for successful decoding of heavily loaded systems.
Control of the Postsynaptic Membrane Viscosity (2009)

The physical properties of the postsynaptic membrane (PSM), including its viscosity, determine its capacity to regulate the net flux of synaptic membrane proteins such as neurotransmitter receptors. To address these properties, we studied the lateral diffusion of glycophosphatidylinositol-anchored green fluorescent protein and cholera toxin bound to the external leaflet of the plasma membrane. Relative to extrasynaptic regions, their mobility was reduced at synapses and even more at inhibitory than at excitatory ones. This indicates a higher density of obstacles and/or higher membrane viscosity at inhibitory contacts. Actin depolymerization reduced the confinement and accelerated a population of fast, mobile molecules. The compaction of obstacles thus depends on actin cytoskeleton integrity. Cholesterol depletion increased the mobility of the slow diffusing molecules, allowing them to diffuse more rapidly through the crowded PSM. Thus, the PSM has lipid-raft properties, and the density of obstacles to diffusion depends on filamentous actin. Therefore, lipid composition and actin-dependent protein compaction regulate viscosity of the PSM and, consequently, the molecular flow in and out of synapses.
Safety verification of reactive controllers for UAV flight in cluttered environments using barrier certificates (2012)

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have a so-far untapped potential to operate at high speeds through cluttered environments. Many of these systems are limited by their adhoc reactive controllers using simple visual cues like optical flow. Here we consider the problem of formally verifying an output-feedback controller for an aircraft operating in an unknown environment. Using recent advances in sums-of-squares programming that allow for efficient computation of barrier functions, we search for global certificates of safety for the closed-loop system in a given environment. In contrast to previous work, we use rational functions to globally approximate non-smooth dynamics and use multiple barrier functions to guard against more than one obstacle. We expect that these formal verification techniques will allow for the comparison, and ultimately optimization, of reactive controllers for robustness to varying initial conditions and environments.
Observation of large Stark shift in Ge<i>x</i>Si1−<i>x</i>/Si multiple quantum wells (1990)

Large quantum-confined Stark shift is observed in a type II GeSi/Si multiple quantum well structure for the first time. In this experiment, we have employed the photocurrent measurement using reverse biased p-i-n diodes with multiple quantum wells in the i-region. The photocurrent as a function of bias is carried out at 77 and 300 K. The results show large red shift of the absorption edge which is about 0.75 meV kV−1 cm. This suggests the application of GeSi/Si type II structure for nonlinear electro-optics devices near the 1.3 μm range.
A novel patterning method of low-resistivity metals (2005)

A new metal patterning process using photocatalyst was developed to reduce the number of chemical processing steps and to obtain high resolution. Films of amorphous TiO<sub>2</sub> and water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol were used as photocatalytic layers. UV light was illuminated through a photomask onto the photocatalytic layers. Pd(II) in an aqueous solution was reduced to Pd(0) by the exposed TiO<sub>2</sub> and deposited on the exposed regions. Selective electroless Ni/Cu plating on the Pd patterns showed high resolution metal patterns. Process parameters such as exposure dose and postexposure time delay were optimized to confirm the feasibility of this method. It was established that high resolution metal patterns of low resistivity with good adhesion were formed only at a small process steps without using high cost materials and equipments. Selective growth of carbon nanotubes on the Ni patterns was carried out by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. It’s expected that this methods will have several benefits for fabricating the microelectronic devices, especially in the large size flat panel display.
In-situ Measurement of Stress and Temperature under Bonding Pads During Wire Bonding Using Integrated Microsensors (1998)

: The quality of wire bond connections depends sensitively on process conditions determined by the machine settings of the wire bonder. We report a direct measurement method for the in-process and in-situ monitoring of physical parameters during ball bonding. We use test chips containing microsensors integrated directly below bonding pads, sensitive to temperature and mechanical stress, fabricated by commercial CMOS technology. The new method allows to correlate in-process and in-situ measurement values with machine settings. The measured quantities are (a) bond force, (b) pad cooling, and (c) pad heating by ultrasound. Key Words: MEMS, wire bonding, CMOS microsensors, integrated stress sensors Introduction A quantitative theory for the ultrasonic welding mechanism used for wire bonding in electronic packaging is not yet available [1]. The qualification of ball and wedge bond interconnections is usually carried out after bonding, using optical inspection and destructive mechanical t...
Information measure for performance of image fusion (2002)

Mutual information is proposed as an information measure for evaluating image fusion performance. The proposed measure represents how much information is obtained from the input images. No assumption is made regarding the nature of the relation between the intensities in both input modalities. The results show that the measure is meaningful and explicit.
A village seizes the reins of health care. (1996)

The setting-based approach to health promotion and education has been adopted in an Albanian village. The project requires a high degree of self-determination and self-help. External support comes from the International Islamic Relief Organization. Encouraging progress is being made as villagers acquire a wide range of skills, connected not only with the provision of care but also with such matters as fund-raising, health education and relations with public and private bodies.
Influence of Splitting on Dissolution Properties of Metoprolol Tablets (2009)

The objective of this work was to compare several profiles of dissolution data for metoprolol controlled release tablet formulations in order to identify possible changes in dissolution profiles of whole and scored tablets. Adequate design of score lines (on one or both sides) as well as the technology of preparation of tablet mixtures ensure forming a score line of adequate thickness, shape, size, curvature. According to the obtained results, this type of extended release formulation is eligible for splitting and use in therapy either as a whole or scored tablets.
Perioperative Complications, Comorbidities, and Survival in Oral or Oropharyngeal Cancer (2003)

Clinical variables have a predictive effect on morbidity and mortality of patients with oral and oropharyngeal cancer treated surgically. Local plus systemic perioperative complications can adversely affect the prognosis. The uniformity of results confirms that survival estimates can be enhanced by the addition of clinical characteristics to the TNM classification, creating a more accurate system for the estimation of prognosis.
Active T E X and the DOT input syntax (1999)

The usual category codes give TEX its familiar backslash and braces input syntax. With Active TEX, all characters are active. This gives the macro programmer complete freedom in dening the input syntax. It also provides a powerful programming environment. The DOT input syntax, like TROFF, uses a period at the start of the line as an escape character. However, its underlying element, attribute and content structure is based on SGML. It is both easy to use and easy to program for. Conversion to other formats, such as SGML, HTML and XML, or to proprietary formats such as Word and RTF, will be straightforward. This is because the DOT syntax is rigorous. This new syntax will be described and demonstrated. All manner of problems connected with TEX disappear when Active TEX packages are used. For example, all input errors can be detected and corrected before they can cause a TEX error message. This will make TEX accessible to many more users. Visit http://www.active-tex.demon.co.uk for information and macros.
Long-Term Developmental Outcomes of Low Birth Weight Infants (1995)

Advances in neonatal medicine have resulted in the increased survival of infants at lower and lower birth weight. While these medical success stories highlight the power of medical technology to save many of the tiniest infants at birth, serious questions remain about how these infants will develop and whether they will have normal, productive lives. Low birth weight children can be born at term or before term and have varying degrees of social and medical risk. Because low birth weight children are not a homogeneous group, they have a broad spectrum of growth, health, and developmental outcomes. While the vast majority of low birth weight children have normal outcomes, as a group they generally have higher rates of subnormal growth, illnesses, and neurodevelopmental problems. These problems increase as the child's birth weight decreases. With the exception of a small minority of low birth weight children with mental retardation and/or cerebral palsy, the developmental sequelae for most low birth weight infants include mild problems in cognition, attention, and neuromotor functioning. Long-term follow-up studies conducted on children born in the 1960s indicated that the adverse consequences of being born low birth weight were still apparent in adolescence. Adverse sociodemographic factors negatively affect developmental outcomes across the continuum of low birth weight and appear to have far greater effects on long-term cognitive outcomes than most of the biological risk factors. In addition, the cognitive defects associated with social or environmental risks become more pronounced as the child ages. Enrichment programs for low birth weight children seem to be most effective for the moderately low birth weight child who comes from a lower socioeconomic group. Continued research and attempts to decrease the rate of low birth weight and associated perinatal medical sequelae are of primary importance. Ongoing documentation of the long-term outcome of low birth weight children needs to be mandated, as does the implementation of environmental enrichment programs to help ameliorate the long-term consequences for infants who are born low birth weight.