gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Liming Value Determination of a Calcareous, Gypsiferous Waste for Acid Sulfate Soil (1994)

Abstract Reclamation of acid sulfate soils requires the use of liming materials. SWAN‐gypsum (secondary waste acid neutralization gypsum), a waste from a sulfuric acid, titanium oxide refining process, contains ≈10% CaCO 3 , as well as CASO 4 ·2 H 2 O (gypsum) and Fe oxides. This material was tested via laboratory incubation studies in comparison to laboratory grade CaCO 3 as a liming material for a silty clay material from a Typic Sulfaquept formed on dredged materials. A batch titration method (by shaking a set of soil samples amended with various levels of a potential liming material) was also tested. Closed, partially closed, and open systems were employed with the batch titration method. The ability of SWAN‐gypsum to raise soil pH was comparable to its CaCO 3 content. The CaCO 3 occurs as unreacted aragonite that is Fe oxide coated as a result of the acid neutralization process that produces the waste. Gypsum and Fe oxides, also present in the waste, were shown to have little or no liming value with the soil material employed. Batch titration (open system, 24 h shaking) gave neutralization results similar to those from regular incubation for 45 d. The pH values achieved with increasing levels of SWAN‐gypsum were lower with closed than with open systems at pH values above 6.6 (by 0.1 to 0.45 pH units, presumably due in part to differences in CO 2 pressure), but higher with the closed system at lower pH values (by 0.2 to 2.3 pH units, perhaps due to oxidation of sulfides with the open system). At pHs below neutral following open hatch titration, pHs measured before drying the materials, were higher than those measured after drying and rewetting by 0.2 to 1.5 pH units, whereas they were slightly lower before drying, by up to 0.2 pH units, at pHs above neutral. Additional factors (e.g., physical properties and other possible effects of Fe oxides and CASO 4 ·2 H 2 O) that need to be considered prior to field utilization of SWAN‐gypsum as a soil amendment are mentioned. The methods reported for testing the liming value of this waste should have value in testing the liming value of other potential acid neutralizing materials.
Relative moment tensor inversion based on ray theory: theory and synthetic tests (1996)

A relative moment tensor inversion is developed for seismic sources belonging to a small source region. The impulsive point-source approximation is assumed to be valid. Input data are amplitudes of low-pass filtered, isolated body-wave phases in the seismograms, and the azimuths and take-off angles of the corresponding rays at the sources. The new aspect of the method is the elimination of Green's functions from the equations. Hence only a minimum of structural information is needed, sufficient to identify correctly phases Pg, PmP, Sg etc. and to determine azimuths and take-off angles. The relative method without reference mechanism is applicable to clusters of seismic sources with different radiation patterns. For source clusters with identical radiation patterns a reference mechanism must be known. The relative method without reference mechanism is studied with synthetic data with regard to additive, Gaussian noise, poor azimuthal station coverage and the resolution of non-double-couple components.
Global Positioning System for Vehicle Navigation and Position Reporting (1986)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The Global Positioning System (GPS) will make possible cost effective vehicle navigation and position reporting systems. A hybrid system which uses a GPS receiver aided by external sensors which will provide position information even when satellite signals are blocked is described. Elements of the communications system which will provide vehicle locating and monitoring is presented.</div>
Laboratory based activities in solar energy at the National Bureau of Standards (1975)

A special panel was formed to assess the potential of solar energy and recommend research and development programs. The panel concluded that, with adequate research and development support, by the year 2020, solar energy could provide at least 35 percent of the heating and cooling of buildings, more than 30 percent of the methane and hydrogen needed for gaseous fuels, and greater than 20 percent of the electrical power needs. This could be done with a minimal effect on the environment and a substantial savings of nonrenewable fuels. Preliminary laboratory activities are described. (LTN)
Were we ready? New Zealand high school students' experiences of online learning during school closures of Covid-19, 2020 (2021)

The Covid-19 pandemic of 2020 resulted in New Zealand schools closing and teaching moving to online. This paper reports research which investigated senior high school students experience of learning from home during these school closures and anything about the experience that they would like continued in the future. High school students in their final two years of schooling (n=1975) responded to a questionnaire consisting of quantitative and qualitative questions with qualitative data analysed thematically and quantitative data with descriptive statistics. Findings revealed that a variety of learning activities, feedback on learning, positive social interactions and effective use of technology supported students. A lack of motivation and daily structure were the major hinderances. The key experience they would like continued was greater flexibility in their learning. Schools demonstrated varying degrees of readiness for the crisis, but findings showed the need for resilience plans which include policies and practices for student and teacher digital readiness in preparation for future crises which result in emergency online learning.
PP.16.09 (2015)

Objective: In Mexico, cardiovascular diseases represent the second cause of death. Knowing the prevalence of such diseases is crucial for the design of the appropriate health policies. To describe the relationship of age and the presence of risk factors in a population of employees working for private companies in Mexico. Design and method: Study of a consecutive series of evaluated cases between 2010 and 2014. Each participant was subject to the following: comprehensive physical examination, blood pressure, heart rate, height, weight, body mass index, waist/hip index, and body fat index measurement, lab profile, including lipid profile and glycemia. For statistical significance, proportion comparison was performed based on sampling distribution according to a normal distribution with a confidence interval of 95% (87% potency). For the average difference, a parametric comparison was performed based on the Student's normal t distribution for large samples; alpha = 0.05. Results: 7367 evaluated subjects, average age: 37.4 +/- 9.6 (CI 95% 37.3 - 37.7), 52% male.Conclusions: The presence of modifiable RF significantly rises with age. The group of two or more RF goes from 0.9% for the 18–24 range to 33.3% in the over 65 range. CV prevention must start at an early age.
Sequence-to-sequence Modelling for Categorical Speech Emotion Recognition Using Recurrent Neural Network (2018)

To model the categorical speech emotion recognition tasks in a sequential approach, the first challenge is how to transfer the categorical label for each utterance into a label sequence. To settle this, we make a hypothesis that an utterance is consisting of emotional and non-emotional segments alternatively, and these non-emotional segments correspond to silent regions, short pauses, transits between phonemes, fricative phonemes, etc. With this hypothesis, we propose to treat an utterance, 's label sequence as a chain of two kinds of states: emotional states denoting emotional frames and Nulls denoting non-emotional frames. Then, we exploit a connectionist temporal classification based recurrent neural network (CTC-RNN) to automatically label and align an utterance's emotional segments with emotional labels, while non-emotional segments with non-emotional labels. Experimental results on the IEMOCAP corpus demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method compared to state-of-the-art emotion recognition algorithms.
1-Amino-2,4,-Dichloroanthraquinone (1929)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT1-Amino-2,4,-DichloroanthraquinoneIvan. Gubelmann, H. J. Weiland, and O. StallmannCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1929, 21, 12, 1231–1232Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1929Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1929https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50240a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50240a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views35Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Protection of mice against Clostridium chauvoei infection by anti-idiotype antibody to a monoclonal antibody to flagella (1994)

Polyclonal rabbit anti-idiotypic antibody (anti-Id) against the protective monoclonal antibody specific to the flagella of Clostridium chauvoei was produced, purified, and characterized. Anti-Id inhibited the binding of its related monoclonal antibody to the flagellar antigen, suggesting that the anti-Id bore an internal image of the flagellar antigen. When mice were immunized with anti-Id intraperitoneally, the survival rate increased significantly, compared with mice immunized with normal rabbit IgG (P < 0.01), and specific anti-flagellar antibodies were induced.
Automated Recognition of Numeric Display Based on Deep Learning (2019)

This paper proposes approach to the automatic recognition of digits from the displays of medical devices such as blood pressure meters, glucometers, analyzers of harmful substances content. A fully connected, convolutional model of deep learning with the use of tensor flow and keras deep learning libraries has been developed. A database was created for training and validation of the proposed network, which contains 4500 images. The evaluation of the proposed recognition system for a large number of images has been carried out. The optimization of the model for practical use with CPU and GPU is carried out and the average performance time is shown.
The Case for Abandoning Therapeutic Chelation of Copper Ions in Alzheimer's Disease (2017)

The "therapeutic chelation" approach to treating Alzheimer's disease (AD) evolved from the metals hypothesis, with the premise that small molecules can be designed to prevent transition metal-induced amyloid deposition and oxidative stress within the AD brain. Over more than 20 years, countless <i>in vitro</i> studies have been devoted to characterizing metal binding, its effect on Aβ aggregation, ROS production, and <i>in vitro</i> toxicity. Despite a lack of evidence for any clinical benefit, the conjecture that therapeutic chelation is an effective approach for treating AD remains widespread. Here, the author plays the devil's advocate, questioning the experimental evidence, the dogma, and the value of therapeutic chelation, with a major focus on copper ions.
A Distribution-Free $M$-Estimator of Multivariate Scatter (1987)

The existence and uniqueness of a limiting form of a Huber-type $M$-estimator of multivariate scatter is established under certain conditions on the observed sample. These conditions hold with probability one when sampling randomly from a continuous multivariate distribution. The existence of the estimator is proven by showing that it is the limiting point of a specific algorithm. Hence, the proof is constructive. For continuous populations, the estimator of multivariate scatter is shown to be strongly consistent and asymptotically normal. An important property of the estimator is that its asymptotic distribution is distribution-free with respect to the class of continuous elliptically distributed populations. This distribution-free property also holds for the finite sample size distribution when the location parameter is known. In addition, the estimator is the "most robust" estimator of the scatter matrix of an elliptical distribution in the sense of minimizing the maximum asymptotic variance.
Challenges in clinical natural language processing for automated disorder normalization (2015)

Disorder mentions in text from clinical narratives use a rich vocabulary that results in high term variation, which we believe to be one of the primary causes of reduced performance in clinical narrative. We show that pairwise learning to rank offers high performance in this context, and introduce several lexical enhancements - generalizable to other clinical NER tasks - that improve the ability of the NER system to handle this variation. DNorm-C is a high performing, open source system for disorders in clinical text, and a promising step toward NER and normalization methods that are trainable to a wide variety of domains and entities. (DNorm-C is open source software, and is available with a trained model at the DNorm demonstration website: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/CBBresearch/Lu/Demo/tmTools/#DNorm.).
Content-based image visualization (2002)

The proliferation of content based image retrieval techniques has highlighted the need to understand the relationship between image clustering based on low-level image features and image clustering made by human users. In conventional image retrieval systems, images are typically characterized by a range of features such as color, texture, and shape. However, little is known to what extent these low-level features can be effectively combined with information visualization techniques such that users may explore images in a digital library according to visual similarities. The authors compare and analyze a number of Pathfinder networks of images generated based on such features. Salient structures of images are visualized according to features extracted from color, texture, and shape orientation. Implications for visualizing and constructing hypermedia systems are discussed.
Spontaneous fracture of the catheter of a totally implantable venous access port: case report of a rare complication. (1987)

A case of spontaneous fracture of the outlet catheter of a totally implantable venous access port (IVAP) is presented. Thirty-seven weeks after implantation, the outlet catheter was broken at the entrance into the left subclavian vein. The distal part was embolized in the left pulmonary artery. The embolized remnant was retrieved in an outpatient setting, using a grasping forcipal catheter through a 7 French longsheath. Experimental study of the catheter revealed that it had been broken due to a local cause, probably the long-standing compression at the narrow space between clavicle and first rib. It is emphasized to ascertain the position and intactness of an IVAP before using it to infuse cytostatic agents.
Recurrent Primary Cerebral Hemorrhage (1998)

Rebleeding after a first primary intracerebral hemorrhage is not uncommon. The main topographic pattern of bleeding, ganglionic-ganglionic, is likely the result of hypertension; the less common lobar-lobar pattern probably results from amyloid angiopathy.
Age Pension: Attribution of One-off Casual Income; Determination of Income Assessment Period - Priestley and Secretary to the DFHCSIA (2011)

The case before the Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) was whether the age pension of the Priestleys was correctly calculated at the transitional rate or not. The AAT set aside the decision under review and remitted the matter back to the Department for reconsideration.
The security and privacy of blockchain-enabled EMR storage management scheme (2020)

The Electronic Medical Record (EMR) management system currently used by healthcare institutions has security concerns for data sharing and access control. To address these issues, we have proposed a security and privacy management scheme for blockchain-based EMR called GAC-PSPR (Granular Access Control supporting Privilege Separation and Property Revocation). The GAC-PSPR scheme uses a dual chain structure of private blockchain and consortium blockchain. The technology of permission separation and property revocation ensures that data cannot be arbitrarily modified, thus solving the security problem of access control. Protect data privacy by protecting against quantum attacks with Number Theory Research Unit (NTRU) encryption. Besides, we have proposed a ring signature solution based on the lattice to address the issue of too large signatures and the key lengths that secures the sharing of EMR data. We provide extensive security analysis and performance analysis to demonstrate that the GAC-PSPR scheme is effective and secure.
Hardware Design and Deployment Issues in UHF RFID Systems (2009)

In this paper, we discuss hardware design and deployment issues in current passive UHF RFID systems. Using the link budget concept, the methodology to calculate forward- and reverse-link interrogation range is shown. Then, we consider hardware issues: phase diversity, phase noise with range correlation, and TX leakage problems. Finally, three interference problems when deploying RFID systems are presented.
The Use of Stem Cells in Neural Regeneration: A Review of Current Opinion (2018)

Nerve injury is a large problem that produces much pain in patients. Injury to the nervous system causes serious consequences and affects a person's quality of life. The development of tissue engineering has created a brighter future for nerve regeneration, and research has not stopped since the discovery of stem cells. Stem cells are a type of pluripotent cell that exhibits the capacity of selfdifferentiation and proliferation. Many studies have demonstrated the ability of stem cells to differentiate into other types of cells, including neurons, after induction with trophic factors in vivo and in vitro. Scientists have isolated a variety of stem cells from different organs and tissues in the human body and demonstrated that these cells were efficacious in regenerative medicine. The use of these cells provides a non-surgical method for the treatment of neurological diseases, such as nerve defects. However, many problems must be resolved before using these cells in the clinical field. The microenvironment and delivery methods of cells also affect the regeneration process. The present article comprehensively summarizes the progress of stem cells in the field of nerve regeneration in the recent decades.
A review of plasma polarimetry - theory and methods (1999)

In this review of plasma polarimetry, first the theory is discussed in general, then exact analytic solutions of the evolution equation for polarization are presented, as well as approximate analytic solutions. Numerical integration of the evolution equation is also discussed.
The unequal variance t-test is an underused alternative to Student's t-test and the Mann–Whitney U test (2006)

Often in the study of behavioral ecology, and more widely in science, we require to statistically test whether the central tendencies (mean or median) of 2 groups are different from each other on the basis of samples of the 2 groups. In surveying recent issues of Behavioral Ecology (Volume 16, issues 1–5), I found that, of the 130 papers, 33 (25%) used at least one statistical comparison of this sort. Three different tests were used to make this comparison: Student’s t-test (67 occasions; 26 papers), Mann–Whitney U test (43 occasions; 21 papers), and the t-test for unequal variances (9 occasions; 4 papers). My aim in this forum article is to argue for the greater use of the last of these tests. The numbers just related suggest that this test is not commonly used. In my survey, I was able to identify tests described simply as ‘‘t-tests’’ with confidence as either a Student’s t-test or an unequal variance t-test because the calculation of degrees of freedom from the 2 sample sizes is different for the 2 tests (see below). Hence, the neglect of the unequal variance t-test illustrated above is a real phenomenon and can be explained in several (nonexclusive ways) ways: 1. Authors are unaware that Student’s t-test is unreliable
Effect of local methylprednisolone on pain in a nerve injury modelaA pilot study (1997)

It is hypothesized that the corticosteroid acts by suppression of ectopic neural discharges from the injured nerve fibers.
Renal Cell Carcinoma (1986)

No AccessJournal of UrologyEditorial1 Oct 1986Renal Cell Carcinoma Jean B. deKernion Jean B. deKernionJean B. deKernion More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)45113-5AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Renal Cell Carcinoma." The Journal of Urology, 136(4), p. 882 © 1986 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 136Issue 4October 1986Page: 882 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1986 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Jean B. deKernion More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Mechanism of the CH2+O-2 reaction (2000)

The mechanisms of the CH2 + O-2 --> H2O + CO and CH2 + O-2 --> H-2 + CO2 reactions have been studied by performing ab initio CAS(8, 8)/6-31G(d, p) calculations, and five intermediates(IMn) and eight transitions (TSn) have been located along the reaction paths. The predicted path for the CH2 + O-2 --> H2O + CO is: CH2 + O-2 --> TS1 --> IM1-->TS2-->IM2-->TS3--> IM3-->TS4-->IM4a-->TS5-->H2O +CO. For the CH2 + O-2 --> H-2 --> CO2 reaction, there are two paths :(ii) CH2 + O-2-->TS1-->IM1-->TS2-->IM2-->TS3-->IM3-->TS6-->H-2+CO2 and (ii) CH2 + O-2-->TS1-->IM1-->TS2-->IM2-->TS3-->IM3-->TS4-->IM4a-->TS7-->IM4b-->TS8-->H-2 + CO2, with the latter path more favorable energetically.
A generalized assignment heuristic for vehicle routing (1981)

Abstract We consider a common variant of the vehicle routing problem in which a vehicle fleet delivers products stored at a central depot to satisfy customer orders. Each vehicle has a fixed capacity, and each order uses a fixed portion of vehicle capacity. The routing decision involves determining which of the demands will be satisfied by each vehicle and what route each vehicle will follow in servicing its assigned demand in order to minimize total delivery cost. We present a heuristic for this problem in which an assignment of customers to vehicles is obtained by solving a generalized assignment problem with an objective function that approximates delivery cost. This heuristic has many attractive features. It has outperformed the best existing heuristics on a sample of standard test problems. It will always find a feasible solution if one exists, something no other existing heuristic can guarantee. It can be easily adapted to accommodate many additional problem complexities. By parametrically varying the number of vehicles in the fleet, our method can be used to optimally solve the problem of finding the minimum size fleet that can feasibly service the specified demand.