gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inertially driven inhomogeneities in violently collapsing bubbles: the validity of the Rayleigh–Plesset equation (2002)

When a bubble collapses mildly the interior pressure field is spatially uniform; this is an assumption often made to close the Rayleigh–Plesset equation of bubble dynamics. The present work is a study of the self-consistency of this assumption, particularly in the case of violent collapses. To begin, an approximation is developed for a spatially non-uniform pressure field, which in a violent collapse is inertially driven. Comparisons of this approximation show good agreement with direct numerical solutions of the compressible Navier–Stokes equations with heat and mass transfer. With knowledge of the departures from pressure uniformity in strongly forced bubbles, one is in a position to develop criteria to assess when pressure uniformity is a physically valid assumption, as well as the significance of wave motion in the gas. An examination of the Rayleigh–Plesset equation reveals that its solutions are quite accurate even in the case of significant inertially driven spatial inhomogeneity in the pressure field, and even when wave-like motions in the gas are present. This extends the range of utility of the Rayleigh–Plesset equation well into the regime where the Mach number is no longer small; at the same time the theory sheds light on the interior of a strongly forced bubble.
Clinical practice (2010)

Down syndrome (DS) is one of the most common chromosomal abnormalities. Because of medical advances and improvements in overall medical care, the median survival of individuals with DS has increased considerably. This longer life expectancy requires giving the necessary care to the individual with DS over their total longer lifespan. DS medical guidelines are designed for the optimal care of the child in whom a diagnosis of DS has been confirmed. We present an overview of the most important issues related to children with DS based on the most relevant literature currently available.
Motion Planning for Nonholonomic Vehicles with Space Exploration Guided Heuristic Search (2016)

The development of the modern sensing, actuation, communication, and computation technology unfolds a promising future of mobile robots, especially for intelligent automobiles.Motion planning is one of the most important software components in these autonomous systems.It is responsible for a motion strategy or trajectory while considering the robot kinematic model, the prior knowledge of the environment, the real-time perception, and domain specific rules.Particularly, a motion planning problem for an autonomous vehicle is beyond a theoretical problem of finding an executable collision-free trajectory.An intelligent vehicle should behave rationally in traffic, which includes following a global route from the navigation, adapting local behaviors according to the circumstances, obeying traffic rules, and respecting the convenience of the human traffic participants.Furthermore, the driving tasks are highly diverse, so specific motion planning methods are required for different maneuver types.In this case, an intelligent agent should be able to process all kinds of information with domain knowledge, select the most efficient algorithm for a specific task, and integrate them seamlessly in a system.In this dissertation, a Space Exploration Guided Heuristic Search (SEHS) method is introduced as a base framework for mobile robot motion planning.Several extensions of SEHS such as Orientation-Aware Space Exploration Guided Heuristic Search (OS-EHS) and Space Time Exploration Guided Heuristic Search (STEHS) are developed for specific autonomous driving scenarios.They can be integrated in a hierarchical planning architecture with a high-level task planning in order to process information in different layers and achieve online motion planning for mobile robots, especially autonomous vehicles.The major part of the research work in this thesis is done in fortiss from 2012 to 2015, where is a nice place to work as it provides close links to the university as well as the practical world.The mission of transferring the innovative technology from academic to industry gives me a great chance to apply my research result.First of all, I would like to thank Prof. Dr. Alois Knoll for the precious opportunity to study the exciting topic of robot motion planning.His vision gave much valuable advice to my research work.
Vibration Therapy and Its Influence on Health (2018)

The history of the development of vibrotherapy (VT) dates back to the half of the nineteenth century, when French neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot designed vibration chair for treatment of Parkinson disease. Since then VT got as far as the world's first medical device "Vitberg+" that was introduce by Vitberg company in 2016. Vibrotherapy has recently gain popularity, many studies have provided insight into the benefits of using vibration for enhancement of overall health. The aim of our paper is to review current literature on VT, help readers to better understand the effects of vibration on human body. We can add that valid evidence suggests that vibration is effective in enhancing various medical conditions, although the exact mechanisms mediating these effects are still not well understood. In that context, further research is needed for verification and clarification of the impact of vibration, vibrotherapy on the human health.
1,3,-Dioxolane, An Alternative to Formalin as a Standard for Formaldehyde (1987)

Four potential primary standards for formaldehyde were evaluated as replacements for the formalin usually used with colorimetric reagents in analyzing textiles for form aldehyde. Of the four—sodium formaldehyde bisulfite, hexamethylenetetramine, tet raoxane, and 1,3,—dioxolane—only 1,3,-dioxolane yielded the stoichiometric amount of formaldehyde under relatively mild conditions of hydrolysis. 1,3,-Dioxolane can be hydrolyzed in 6N HCl for four hours to produce one mole of formaldehyde per mole of 1,3,-dioxolane. Stabilities of standard formaldehyde solutions from 1,3,-diox olane were compared with those from formalin, and there is a discussion of 1,3, dioxolane-based formaldehyde solutions used to prepare calibration curves of several colorimetric reagents for formaldehyde.
HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE HEART OF RATS FED DIET CONTAINING (2012)

This study investigates the effects of Mondia Whitei on the heart of rats. Sixteen adult Wistar rats (151.67 ± 2.89 grams) were involved. They were divided into four groups: a control (A) and three test groups (B, C and D). For 3 weeks, group A (control) received normal feed (growers mash), while test groups B, C, and D, received graded doses of Mondia Whitei (4.5; 9.0; and 13.5g respectively) in feed daily. H istological investigations revealed that Mondia Whitei induced severe fibrillolytic changes with pale sta ining hypertrophic myofibres, extensive myocardial necrosis, inflamatory cell infiltration, and oedema , in a dosage-duration-dependent manner. These resu lts suggest therefore, that Mondia Whitei has cardio-toxicity potentials and as such, there i s a need to regulate the inclusion of Mondia Whitei in consumable products.
C-V properties of MIS structures with a ferroelectric polymer insulating layer (1995)

Abstract MIS heterostructures have been fabricated with a 56 nm film of ferroelectric polymer as the insulating layer. High frequency C-V measurements have been made at room temperature, for bias voltages from -5 V to +5 V. A shift of the observed C-V curve from the theoretical curve indicates the presence of fixed positive charges, with density of 0·52 mC m−2, in the polymer layer. Injected and polarisation charges also shift the curves, depending on the direction and sweep rate of the bias voltage. At bias voltages above +1 V dipole movement in the polymer reduces the shielding of inversion layers from depletion region, leading to a widening of the depletion region and a consequent decrease in capacitance.
Kinetic and equilibrium studies of the protonation of meso-tetraphenylporphyrin in dimethyl sulphoxide–water (1977)

The equilibrium between meso-tetraphenylporphyrin (B) and its diprotonated form (BH22+) has been studied spectrophotometrically in 98, 90, and 80% Me2SO–H2O (v/v). Visible spectra of solutions of the porphyrin containing varying concentrations of hydrochloric acid show good isosbestic points. The equilibrium involves the free base and the diprotonated species; the monoprotonated porphyrin (BH+) is not present in sufficiently high concentrations to be detected. The position of equilibrium and the rates of equilibration between B and BH22+ have been measured in 95, 90, and 85% Me2SO–H2O (v/v). The reaction is slow, with relaxation times (measured by the temperature-jump method) in the range 40–5 000 µs. Values of the rate coefficient for proton removal by water from BH22+ to give BH+ were obtained for each solvent mixture from the acid dependence of the reciprocal relaxation time. In comparison with other proton transfers from nitrogen acids, proton transfer from the diprotonated form of meso-tetraphenylporphyrin is exceptionally slow. This may arise because the reaction is strongly disfavoured thermodynamically; other possible factors are discussed.
Silicon carbide p-n structures as power rectifiers (2002)

We consider theoretical and practical aspects of designing power high-voltage rectifiers on the base of the wide bandgap semiconductor, 6H-silicon carbide.
An iron-based green approach to 1-h production of single-layer graphene oxide (2015)

As a reliable and scalable precursor of graphene, graphene oxide (GO) is of great importance. However, the environmentally hazardous heavy metals and poisonous gases, explosion risk and long reaction times involved in the current synthesis methods of GO increase the production costs and hinder its real applications. Here we report an iron-based green strategy for the production of single-layer GO in 1 h. Using the strong oxidant K2FeO4, our approach not only avoids the introduction of polluting heavy metals and toxic gases in preparation and products but also enables the recycling of sulphuric acid, eliminating pollution. Our dried GO powder is highly soluble in water, in which it forms liquid crystals capable of being processed into macroscopic graphene fibres, films and aerogels. This green, safe, highly efficient and ultralow-cost approach paves the way to large-scale commercial applications of graphene.
Stem Cells: From Hype To Hope (2020)

"During the last two decades, stem cells have progressed from merely a concept to a vibrant field of regenerative medicine which is aimed at addressing the root cause of the problem rather than conventional methods of intervention that mostly provide symptomatic relief. Stem cell therapy either alone or in combination with the other established treatment strategies is a hope for patients who suffer from the "incurable" diseases such as Alzheimer, diabetes, myocardial infarction etc. Besides aspirations in the clinical perspective, stem cells provide excellent in vitro disease models for drug development. Given the significance of the field, the proposed book will be a compilation of the bench experience of experts from various research labs involved in the cutting edge area of stem cell research"--Publisher's website
Improving Forage Quality and Animal Performance with Fibrolytic Enzymes (2005)

Enzymes have been used for decades to improve the utilization of swine and poultry diets. For instance phytase, amylase, f3-glucanase and xylanase are added to the cereal-based diets of such monogastrics to increase the utilization of dietary phosphorous, starch, 8-glucans and arabinoxylans respectively. For many years, researchers were discouraged from using enzymes to enhance the utilization of ruminant diets because of perceptions that the hydrolytic capacity of the rumen could not be enhanced by supplemental enzymes, and concerns that such enzymes would be ineffective due to ruminal proteolysis. These concerns have been disproved by several recent studies that have demonstrated that fibrolytic enzyme supplementation enhances the productivity of livestock, and several fibrolytic enzyme products are currently commercially available. However in vitro and animal-based studies on the effects of fibrolytic enzyme application to feeds have not been unanimously supportive of their benefits. The interplay of several enzyme, host, feed and management related factors determine the effectiveness of enzymes in hydrolyzing feed components. Several excellent reviews have been published on this subject (Kung 2001 a, b; McAllister et al., 2001; Beauchemin et al., 2003; Beauchemin et al., 2004). However, these have either only focused on direct fed enzyme application with the exclusion of enzyme application at ensiling, and have not considered the potential of using enzymes to improve the quality of tropical forages. The intention in this paper is to review the literature on the effects of enzyme application to feeds at ensiling or feeding, and the determinants of such effects, and to present the results of certain preliminary studies aimed at improving the utilization of tropical forages with fibrolytic enzymes.
“It’s like he’ll be there for you”: Middle School African American Males’ Stories of Effective Professional School Counselors (2015)

In this phenomenological study, a sample (5) of adolescent middle school African American males discuss the characteristics their professional school counselors demonstrated that made them feel supported and nurtured. Themes were generated from data in a larger study where participants articulated that effective school counselors were humane professionals who, among other things, made themselves available to students, and were knowledgeable about those students. Following the findings, recommendations for professional school counselor educators and pre-service school counseling students are provided. The manuscript concludes with the limitations of this study and suggestions for future research.
Multiple Tone Parameter Estimation From Discrete-Time Observations (1976)

In a previous paper, we discussed estimation of the parameters of a single tone from a finite number of noisy discrete-time observations. In this paper, we extend the discussion to include several tones. The Cramér-Rao bounds are derived and their properties examined. Estimation algorithms are discussed and characterized.
Permanent web publishing (2000)

LOCKSS (Lots Of Copies Keep Stuff Safe) is a prototype of a system to preserve access to scientific journals published on the Web. It is a majority-voting fault-tolerant system that, unlike normal systems, has far more replicas than would be required just to survive the anticipated failures. We are exploring techniques that exploit the surplus of replicas to permit a much looser form of coordination between them than conventional fault-tolerant technology would require.
Fabrication of Fe-based bulk metallic glass components using laser additive manufacturing (2006)

One of the current limitations in producing bulk metallic glass components of sufficient scale for structural application is the low critical casting thickness available with current amorphous alloy systems. Currently, iron-based glass forming alloys can be cast into fully amorphous ingots approximately 12mm in diameter. With laser additive manufacturing, material and heat are added incrementally, theoretically leading to the fabrication of much larger amorphous structures than currently achievable with casting alone. The paper will focus on initial thermal modeling and experimental processing of laser deposited Fe-based bulk metallic glass components.
Conidiogenesis in <i>Oidiodendron periconioides</i> and ultrastructure of ericoid mycorrhizas formed with <i>Rhododendron brachycarpum</i> (1993)

Oidiodendron periconioides was isolated from hair roots of seedlings of Rhododendron brachycarpum growing in pots containing a commercial peat moss in Japan. The unusual process of conidiogenesis in O. periconioides involved the formation of conidia from vesicle-like swellings that developed from vegetative hyphae or from the apex of a mononematous conidiophore. Scanning electron microscope examinations of mature conidia revealed that they were regularly dimpled, giving them the characteristic and previously reported radiate pattern of sculpturing visible with the light microscope. Oidiodendron periconioides formed ericoid mycorrhizas that were morphologically and ultrastructurally similar to previously studied ericoid systems involving Oidiodendron maius and Hymenoscyphus ericae, and a few other species of Rhododendron. Rough-walled hyphae grew appressed to the epidermal cells of young hair roots, penetrated the external walls via narrow penetration tubes, and invaginated the plasma membrane of the host cell during the process of forming a complex system of hyphal loops. Infection was restricted to the zone proximal to the active region of the meristem. Hyphal complexes were short-lived and degenerated as the epidermal cells matured and died. The physiological role of O. periconioides as a mycorrhizal endophyte is unknown. Key words: ericoid mycorrhiza, Oidiodendron periconioides, Rhododendron brachycarpum, conidiogenesis.
Smart city &#x2014; Platform for emergent phenomena power system testbed simulator (2010)

Due to climate change issues, fossil fuel depletion and increasing economic pressure, "smart" cities will have significantly altered physical, social and economic systems, built upon smart infrastructure. Key infrastructure is energy, with focus on electricity. The paradigm of physical, data transfer and information flow layers of the smart city power grid is shown. Challenges of the new urban development arising from the presented paradigm of the future power grid are defined and tools for approach to creation of an testbed simulator with respect to new hazards defined. The goal is to create a platform for analyzing emergent phenomena in future power systems, based the electricity infrastructure of a smart city.
Synthesis of chlorinated 3,5-diaryl-2-pyrazolines by the reaction of chlorochalcones with hydrazines (2005)

A series of chlorinated 3,5-diaryl-2-pyrazolines has been synthesized by the reaction of appropriately substituted chlorochalcones and mono-substituted hydrazines in hot acetic acid solution. The structures of all new compounds have been elucidated by microanalysis and 1 Hand 13 C-NMR spectroscopic measurements.
TOUGHVISUAL A friendly graphical user interface for building TOUGHREACT models under complex 3D geological environments (2013)

TOUGHVISUAL is a full Windows-based graphical user interface for the TOUGHREACT program. TOUGHREACT is a general multiphase multicomponent reactive transport simulator, developed by introducing geochemistry into the multiphase fluid and heat flow code TOUGH2. TOUGHREACT has been widely used internationally for CO2 geological sequestration, nuclear waste disposal, groundwater remediation and geothermal energy development. The complexity of the input files (such as "flow.inp", "solute.inp" and "chemical.inp") required by original TOURHREACT, makes manual construction of these input files tedious and error-prone, especially dealing with complex geological structures and irregular study region. For this reason, we attempted to develop a new user-friendly interface. Here, we present a description and application examples of the improved pre-and post-processing graphical user interface TOUGHVISUAL. This interface can interactively create geometrical models, define related properties for multiphase flow and reactive transport, run the model, and view the simulation result. The interface offers a conceptual model approach and local grid refinement. It can deal with complex geological condition and heterogeneous media, and can share file data with other software to build a field-scale model.
Failure and Ejection Behavior of Concrete Materials under Internal Blast (2016)

In order to investigate the failure and ejection behavior of concrete materials under internal blast, the default Riedel-Hiermaier-Thoma (RHT) concrete model in AUTODYN and a meshfree processor called SPH are employed in this numerical simulation. It is shown that the failure mechanisms are significantly different in these damaged zones. Crushed zone is caused by shear failure while fractured zone is induced by tensile failure, and spalled zone is formed by a combination of shear and tensile failure. In addition, the ejection velocity distribution of the fragmented concrete mass on free surface is examined. The results indicate that the ejection velocity declines monotonously with the increase of the distance to symmetry axis of computational model. On the wall of the prefabricated borehole, two types of fragmented concrete mass are analyzed, and bottom initiation is recommended to eject the fragmented concrete mass effectively. Moreover, an algorithm of average ejection speed is developed to effectively estimate the drill capacity of high velocity, energetic (HE) projectiles. At last, the validity of numerical simulation is verified by physical experiments.
Stacked Common Mode Power Combining Patch Antenna For LINC Transmitter (2003)

A new stacked antenna that enhances the operating frequency bandwidth of an integrated power combining patch antenna is presented in this paper. A coupled-parasitic patch is used for stacking, so that the balanced mode of the antenna is preserved. Around 10% (return loss <-10dB) bandwidth has been achieved for both the differential and common mode.
A 0.8nV/√Hz CMOS preamplifier for IC-magneto-resistive read elements (1994)

The first CMOS preamplifier IC for magnetoresistive (MR) read elements for use in state-of-the-art tape drives is presented. The circuit's noise performance of 0.8 nV//spl radic/Hz includes noise contributions from both the amplifier and the integrated current source needed to bias the MR elements. It will be shown that a single-ended input architecture is highly attractive for MR preamps because it offers advantages such as lowest noise levels and substantially reduced power and area consumption. Also, a current-mode amplifier (CMA) has been developed to enhance the preamp's bandwidth, large-signal capability and PSRR. The quad preamp has been implemented in a 1.2 /spl mu/m CMOS process and measures 4.5/spl times/4.24 mm/sup 2/.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
DocEnTr: An End-to-End Document Image Enhancement Transformer (2022)

Document images can be affected by many degradation scenarios, which cause recognition and processing difficulties. In this age of digitization, it is important to denoise them for proper usage. To address this challenge, we present a new encoder-decoder architecture based on vision transformers to enhance both machine-printed and handwritten document images, in an end-to-end fashion. The encoder operates directly on the pixel patches with their positional information without the use of any convolutional layers, while the decoder reconstructs a clean image from the encoded patches. Conducted experiments show a superiority of the proposed model compared to the state-of the-art methods on several DIBCO benchmarks. Code and models will be publicly available at: \url{https://github.com/dali92002/DocEnTR}.