gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Regulation of ATP production by mitochondrial Ca2+ (2012)

Stimulation of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism by Ca(2+) is now generally recognised as important for the control of cellular ATP homeostasis. Here, we review the mechanisms through which Ca(2+) regulates mitochondrial ATP synthesis. We focus on cardiac myocytes and pancreatic β-cells, where tight control of this process is likely to play an important role in the response to rapid changes in workload and to nutrient stimulation, respectively. We also describe a novel approach for imaging the Ca(2+)-dependent regulation of ATP levels dynamically in single cells.
CHANGES IN CONTACT POTENTIALS OF METALS CAUSED BY ADSORBED MONOLAYERS. (1965)

A classic problem inn the physics and chemistry of surfaces has been the successful utilization of changes in the contact potential difference between two metals as a means of studying surface properties and adsorption. Recent advances in experimental techniques, especially the use of a flurorcarbon coating on the reference elec trode, have made possible a number of advances in the study of the surface potential changes resulting from the adsorption of mono-layers of nonpolar liquids and of the higher molecular weight polar compounds. Studies have been made of adsorbed non-polar liquid compounds including the various hydrocarbons and carbon tetrachloride. Polar-nonpolar compounds, such as the homologous families of the fatty acids and amines as well as certain aromatic phosphate esters, have alslalso been investigated with the new techniques. Reproducible and interesting results have been obtained, even though the measurements were made in the presence of atmospheric oxygen, nitrogen, and water vapors as well as any surface oxide development on the metal at ordinary temperatures; however, it was necessary to control the relative humidity and air temperature carefully, to use an atmosphere entirely free of organic vapors or polar inorganic compounds, to take great care in cleaning the metal surfaces, and to employ compounds of extremely high purity. (Author)
Twenty-One New X-Ray Diffraction Powder Patterns (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTwenty-One New X-Ray Diffraction Powder PatternsH. G. Norment, P. I. Henderson, and R. L. SouthCite this: Anal. Chem. 1960, 32, 7, 796–799Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60163a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60163a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views98Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
HRT dosing regimens: continuous versus cyclic-pros and cons. (2001)

The introduction of new products, lower dosages, and better continuous and cyclic regimens allows for individualized treatment aimed at minimizing risk and side effects, while maximizing confidence and compliance. Since the major side effect of HRT that discourages long-term use is vaginal bleeding, newer regimens are designed to minimize it. The lowest doses of estrogen currently approved by the FDA for prevention of osteoporosis include 0.3 mg esterified estrogens, 0.025 microg transdermal estradiol patch, and 0.5 mg micronized estradiol. In most naturally menopausal women or those over 65 years of age, conjugated estrogen 0.3 mg (with adequate calcium intake) is protective against bone loss and cardiovascular disease. These low doses are often used with cyclic progestins every 3 to 4 months. Advantages of cyclic therapy using low-dose estrogen include minimal progestin exposure, low rate of withdrawal bleeding, lowered side effects, and, often, higher comfort level. Cyclic estrogen regimens with higher doses have been in use longer, but they often necessitate more frequent progestin treatment and may result in cyclic bleeding or breast tenderness. While HDL- and LDL-cholesterol changes are greater and more beneficial during higher-dose oral cyclic therapy, the large increase in triglycerides is of concern. The most commonly used continuous combined regimens include conjugated estrogen plus daily progestin orally or the combination estradiol/norethindrone acetate transdermal patch. Continuous combined regimens are simple and easy-to-use, and are designed to minimize bleeding. Multiple studies suggest that the mechanism of benefit provided by estrogen goes beyond estrogen's favorable impact on lipoproteins, which is blunted by daily use of synthetic progestins.
Luminance Uniformity of Large-Area OLEDs With an Auxiliary Metal Electrode (2009)

One of the key issues of a large-area organic light-emitting diode (OLED) for flat panel lighting applications is to enhance the uniformity of light emission. In this work, we have investigated the effect of an auxiliary metal (chrome) electrode in association with a device configuration on the luminance uniformity of a large-area (15 times 15 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) white OLED. We demonstrate that the ratio between the effective horizontal resistance of anode (indium-tin-oxide (ITO) with the grid patterned metal electrode) and the vertical resistance of the OLED device is the critical factor to determine the luminance uniformity. Moreover, the luminance uniformity is shown to be a function of the current density and degraded with increasing current density. Namely, the OLED panel with the 200-mu m-wide metal lines exhibits the luminance uniformity as high as 90% at 200 mA and 85% at 500 mA.
Aiming at low disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis with initial combination therapy or initial monotherapy strategies: the BeSt study. (2007)

In patients with early, active RA, remarkable clinical improvement and suppression of joint damage progression can be achieved with frequent, objectively steered treatment adjustments. The best chance for an early clinical and radiologic response lies with initial combination therapy with either methotrexate, sulphasalazine and prednisone or with methotrexate and infliximab, which can be tapered to DMARD monotherapy once low disease activity is achieved.
Hypothalamic tanycytes—masters and servants of metabolic, neuroendocrine, and neurogenic functions (2015)

There is a resurgent interest in tanycytes, a radial glial-like cell population occupying the floor and ventro-lateral walls of the third ventricle (3V). Tanycytes reside in close proximity to hypothalamic neuronal nuclei that regulate appetite and energy expenditure, with a subset sending projections into these nuclei. Moreover, tanycytes are exposed to 3V cerebrospinal fluid and have privileged access to plasma metabolites and hormones, through fenestrated capillaries. Indeed, some tanycytes act as conduits for trafficking of these molecules into the brain parenchyma. Tanycytes can also act as neural stem/progenitor cells, supplying the postnatal and adult hypothalamus with new neurons. Collectively, these findings suggest that tanycytes regulate and integrate important trophic and metabolic processes and possibly endow functional malleability to neuronal circuits of the hypothalamus. Hence, manipulation of tanycyte biology could provide a valuable tool for modulating hypothalamic functions such as energy uptake and expenditure in order to tackle prevalent eating disorders such as obesity and anorexia.
Effects of Thrombin on Factor VIII Activity: Stabilization of Factor VIII by Glycine Ethyl Ester (1967)

Summary The action of purified thrombin on a preparation of antihemophilic factor with fibrinogen has been studied. In the absence of active thrombin (thrombin inactivated with DFP) polymerization of fibrin by calcium was accompanied by significant losses of AHF. In the presence of thrombin and calcium, 0.3 M glycine ethyl ester resulted in a significant reduction in the loss of AHF activity.
Generating Alternative Mixed-Integer Programming Models Using Variable Redefinition (1987)

Dropping the “complicating” constraints in a mixed-integer linear program often yields a “special structure subproblem” that can be reformulated using a different set of decision variables. Once the new variables have been identified, the entire problem can be reformulated in terms of the new variables. We develop a theory of variable redefinition based on relating the two sets of decision variables by a linear transformation, and describe methods for reformulating the special structure problem. The reformulated models have a more accurate linear relaxation than the problems from which they were derived, an important property within the context of linear programming-based branch-and-bound modeling approaches.
Surface acoustic waves for signal processing (1989)

An excellent survey of the field and combines theoretical and practical information -- a very enjoyable and useful work. -- IEEE Transactions on UFFC
Particle nucleation in emulsion polymerization. III. Nucleation in systems with anionic emulsifier investigated by seeded and unseeded polymerization (1979)

Abstract Studies of seeded and unseeded polymerization of styrene using sodium dodecylsulfate as emulsifier have been carried out in order to investigate the mechanism of particle nucleation in such systems and to test the theory presented in Part I of this series. The rate of capture of water‐soluble oligomeric radicals was considered to be governed by absorption of oligomers with chain length one less than the critical chain length. It was concluded that the micelles became the dominating loci for particle nucleation above CMC for the emulsifier. A complete nonsteady‐state model for particle initiation above CMC which takes into account radical desorption and reabsorption has been developed. It was indicated that, even for styrene, desorption of radicals may play a role in controlling the radical and particle number of interval I under certain conditions. The model also showed that the efficiencies of particles in absorbing radicals could be calculated from physical parameters, such as diffusion constants and surface charge densities, which are available for the system.
Application of Hydrodynamic Cavitation Reactors for Treatment of Wastewater Containing Organic Pollutants: Intensification Using Hybrid Approaches (2018)

The concentration of hazardous pollutants in the wastewater streams has to keep below a certain level in order to comply with the stringent environmental laws. The conventional technologies for wastewater treatment have drawbacks in terms of limited applicability and efficiency. Utilization of hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) reactors for the degradation of pollutants at large scale has shown considerable promise over last few years, due to higher energy efficiencies and low cost operation based on lower consumption of chemicals for the treatment. The present work overviews the degradation of different pollutants, such as pharmaceuticals, pesticide, phenolic derivatives and dyes, as well as the treatment of real industrial effluents using hybrid methods based on HC viz. HC/H2O2, HC/Ozone, HC/Fenton, HC/Ultraviolet irradiations (UV), and HC coupled with biological oxidation. Furthermore, based on the literature reports, recommendations for the selection of optimum operating parameters, such as inlet pressure, solution temperature, initial pH and initial pollutant concentration have been discussed in order to maximize the process intensification benefits. Moreover, hybrid methods based on HC has been demonstrated to show good synergism as compared to individual treatment approach. Overall, high energy efficient wastewater treatment can be achieved using a combined treatment approach based on HC under optimized conditions.
Sugar composition of oat-coleoptile cell walls (1963)

Research Article| October 01 1963 Sugar composition of oat-coleoptile cell walls PM Ray PM Ray 1Department of Botany, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich., U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1963) 89 (1): 144–150. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0890144 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation PM Ray; Sugar composition of oat-coleoptile cell walls. Biochem J 1 October 1963; 89 (1): 144–150. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0890144 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1963 The Biochemical Society1963 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
High-Order AVO Inversion for Effective Pore-Fluid Bulk Modulus Based on Series Reversion and Bayesian Theory (2020)

Pore-fluid identification is one of the key technologies in seismic exploration. Fluid indicators play important roles in pore-fluid identification. For sandstone reservoirs, the effective pore-fluid bulk modulus is more susceptible to pore-fluid than other fluid indicators. AVO (amplitude variation with offset) inversion is an effective way to obtain fluid indicators from seismic data directly. Nevertheless, current methods lack a high-order AVO equation for a direct, effective pore-fluid bulk modulus inversion. Therefore, based on the Zoeppritz equations and Biot–Gassmann theory, we derived a high-order P-wave AVO approximation for an effective pore-fluid bulk modulus. Series reversion and Bayesian theory were introduced to establish a direct non-linear P-wave AVO inversion method. By adopting this method, the effective pore-fluid bulk modulus, porosity, and density can be inverted directly from seismic data. Numerical simulation results demonstrate the precision of our proposed method. Model and field data evaluations show that our method is stable and feasible.
A design of surgical robotic system based on 6-DOF parallel mechanism (2018)

A surgical robotic system which can be applied to do the adjustment work of surgical instruments is introduced in this paper, whose purpose is to change the manual operation way to more efficient and automatic way. The procedure of executing a spinal puncture surgery is designed, and the system's mechanical structure is based on 6-dof parallel mechanism which has highly evaluated accuracy and sufficient workspace. Finally, specific experiments are conducted to quantify the accuracy of the adjustments and measure the feedback puncture force.
The grafting of methyl methacrylate onto ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber by plasma and UV treatment (1997)

In this study, ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers were treated with a gas plasma of argon for 5 min. The plasma-treated UHMWPE fibers were put into a methyl methacrylate solution with n-hexane or chloroform as the solvent and irradiated with a UV lamp. The UV irradiation time was changed. The surface topography that had a significant change on the fiber was seen by scanning electron microscopy. Infrared spectra (IR) and electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) were also studied to probe the surface atomic chemistry and to identify the functional groups and their relative changes with treatment conditions. The grafting content was estimated by the titration of esterfication method. It was found that the grafting amount for the system with chloroform as the solvent is larger than that for the system with n-hexane as the solvent. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 65:365–371, 1997
The Rydberg constant (2009)

Abstract The Rydberg constant is one of the most important constants of atomic physics bemuse of its connection with the fundamental atomic constants (e, h, mc, c), and because of the high accuracy with which it can be determined. In this review the Rydberg constant is seen in its historical context, in relation to the spectra of hydrogen and ionized helium, and in relation to the atomic constants in general. Some of the problems which arise in its experimental determination are discussed and recent work using the techniques of high-resolution spectroscopy is described. A new technique—saturated absorption spectroscopy—is also described. This promises an improvement in accuracy by at least an order of magnitude. It is shown how work now in progress calls for a new definition of the base unit of length.
Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Esters of Alkali Labile Carotenols (1996)

Esters of alkali labile carotenols were hydrolyzed enzymatically with pig liver esterase in Tris-HCl buffer containing 10-85% methanol or acetone.The natural acetates peridinin, fucoxanthin, 19′-butanoyloxyfucoxanthin, pyrrhoxanthin and synthetic actinioerythrol diacetate provided the corresponding carotenols in 85%, 45%, (5 + 5 + 30)%, 65% and (30 + 3)% of the recovered carotenoid with total pigment recoveries 60%, 73%, 88%, 52% and 66%, respectively.(3RS, 3′RS)-Astaxanthin dipalmitate was converted enzymatically with lipase in low yield to the monopalmitate and free astaxanthin (5% + 6%, pigment recovery 93%) with a preferred hydrolysis of the S-ester. The (R,R:R,S:S,S) ratio of substrate dipalmitate and product astaxanthin changed from 1:2:1 to 1:5:3.
The face fly, …A new livestock fly is now moving toward California (1968)

The face fly, Musca autumnalis, now an important pest of livestock, and sometimes of man, throughout much of the United States, has spread as far west as Washington and Oregon; and its invasion of California now appears imminent. This fly differs from its close relative the house fly, Musca domestica, in that its immature stages develop only in fresh cattle droppings, rather than in manure piles, garbage, etc. Investigations of the unique insect community of which this fly is a member indicate that the face fly may soon become established throughout much of the state. This report details movement of the fly into western states, the insect's habits, and control possibilities.
Update in Serotonin and Bone (2010)

5-HT may have regulatory effects on bone. Initial preclinical data suggest that its effects may be deleterious and may be regulated by low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5. These studies need confirmation, as well as elucidation, of the biochemical pathways utilized and the feedback loops involved among bone, gut, and perhaps brain. Paradoxically, targeting of 5-HT synthesis and/or signaling in selective tissues may hold promise as an anabolic intervention for bone. Epidemiological data suggest that clinicians should be vigilant about detection of bone disease in patients who are using SSRIs.
Technological substitution in mobile communications (1997)

Asserts that innovation, which plays a key role in product and process improvement in many companies, is the very lifeblood of high technology firms. Considers that because technological change is a function of the economic growth model then technological substitution must be a sub‐function of this model. The ability to forecast technological substitution in the long‐term macro view enables strategic planners to develop trends for their specific technological application. Begins with a brief statement of the problem, followed by a discussion of the theoretical framework, review of related literature, methodology, findings, discussion of findings and their implications and, finally, recommendations to practitioners.
In vitro apoptosis in the human hepatoma cell line induced by transforming growth factor beta 1. (1992)

The effect of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) on human hepatoma cells (Hep 3B) was studied. Cell death was observed when the serum starved Hep 3B cells were exposed to a very low concentration of TGF-beta 1. The half-maximal cytocidal concentration of TGF-beta 1 was around 20 pM. Cell death began approximately 24 h following treatment, with more than 80% of the cells dying after 48 h. In contrast, the control cells, which were cultured in serum-free condition, still gradually proliferated. Furthermore, the cytocidal effect of TGF-beta 1 on Hep 3B cells was not altered by either cycloheximide or actinomycin D. It was discovered, using diphenylamine assay, that TGF-beta 1 induced DNA fragmentation in Hep 3B cells. Using gel electrophoresis, the fragmented DNA could be displayed, and showed a characteristic stepladder pattern. Thus, it appeared that TGF-beta 1 induced a particular pathway in Hep 3B cells in which de novo protein synthesis was not actively involved, but endogenous nuclease was activated which cleaves cellular DNA and induces cell death.
The mechanism and registration method of a surgical robot for hip arthroplasty (2003)

This paper presents the mechanism and surgical method for ARTHROBOT, a new surgical robot for hip arthroplasty. The robot is femur-mountable and capable of 4-DOF motion. It uses a new gauge-based registration method that utilizes measuring instrument consisting of a reamer-shaped block gauge and a distance-measuring device. This gauge-based registration method drastically reduces the processes in the preoperative planning by eliminating the need of inserting fiducial markers or CT scanning. From the preliminary performance evaluation, it is shown to have less than 0.3 mm machining error, which seems to be sufficiently accurate for clinical application. Since the system has low operating cost and is compatible to the conventional manual surgery, it is expected to be easily adaptable to surgical needs and practices in the operating room.