gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
"Next!" 8 March 2010 (2010)

The cartoon shows Rodney Hide, leader of ACT, and Minister for Local Government, 'shearing' peacocks that represent 'councils'. The first peacock staggers off head reeling and its gorgeous feathers all over the floor. 'Next!' cries the shearer, grinning like a maniac, at the two petrified peacocks standing in line. Rodney Hide's golden jacket hangs from a tree nearby. Refers to the decimation of the current local councils as Rodney Hide proceeds in his determination to make Auckland into a single 'supercity'. 
Quantity: 1 digital cartoon(s).
Extensions of the Tollens Condensation (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTExtensions of the Tollens CondensationO. C. Dermer and Paul W. SolomonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 6, 1697–1699Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01635a073https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01635a073research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views446Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Content-Aware Multi-Level Guidance for Interactive Instance Segmentation (2019)

In interactive instance segmentation, users give feedback to iteratively refine segmentation masks. The user-provided clicks are transformed into guidance maps which provide the network with necessary cues on the whereabouts of the object of interest. Guidance maps used in current systems are purely distance-based and are either too localized or non-informative. We propose a novel transformation of user clicks to generate content-aware guidance maps that leverage the hierarchical structural information present in an image. Using our guidance maps, even the most basic FCNs are able to outperform existing approaches that require state-of-the-art segmentation networks pre-trained on large scale segmentation datasets. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed transformation strategy through comprehensive experimentation in which we significantly raise state-of-the-art on four standard interactive segmentation benchmarks.
Depth-aided inpainting for disocclusion restoration of multi-view images using depth-image-based rendering (2009)

A new algorithm is proposed for restoring disocclusion regions in depth-image-based rendering (DIBR) warped images. Current solutions include layered depth image (LDI), pre-filtering methods, and post-processing methods. The LDI is complicated, and pre-filtering of depth images causes noticeable geometrical distortions in cases of large baseline warping. This paper presents a depth-aided inpainting method which inherits merits from Criminisi’s inpainting algorithm. The proposed method features incorporation of a depth cue into texture estimation. The algorithm efficiently handles depth ambiguity by penalizing larger Lagrange multipliers of filling points closer to the warping position compared with the surrounding existing points. We perform morphological operations on depth images to accelerate the algorithm convergence, and adopt a luma-first strategy to adapt to various color sampling formats. Experiments on test multi-view sequence showed that our method has superiority in depth differentiation and geometrical loyalty in the restoration of warped images. Also, peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) statistics on non-hole regions and whole image comparisons both compare favorably to those obtained by state of the art techniques.
Utilization of Oil Palm Frond - Based Diets for Beef and Dairy Production in Malaysia (2003)

Oil palm fronds (OPF) are one of the main by-products of the oil palm industry in Malaysia. It contains about 38.5 % crude fibre with ME values of about 5.65 MJ/kg dry matter. OPF has great potential to be utilized as a roughage source or as a component in a complete feed for ruminant animals. This paper briefly reviews the availability of OPF in Malaysia and its importance in the local beef and dairy industry. About 26 million metric tonnes of OPF are produced on dry matter basis annually during pruning and replanting operations in the plantations. The nutritive value of OPF and studies to improve its feeding value is highlighted. The optimum level of inclusion for ruminant feeding is 30 % and improvement to intake and digestibility can be further enhanced with addition of other oil-palm by-products. Performances of beef and dairy cattle fed fresh OPF or as silage, pellets and cubes are shown. Good quality OPF silage can be produced without using any additive and the significant improvement on the rate of growth and milk yield were shown. With good formulations, OPF based diets can allow live weight gains of between 600-850 g/day and for local crossbred dairy animals, milk yield of about 11.1 to 20.3 liter/day can be obtained. Pellet based on ground OPF seemed to be less well utilized for ruminant feeding due to its smaller particle size. OPF based cubes which have longer particle size is more suitable for beef and dairy cattle. Long-term feeding of OPF based feeds have been shown to produce good quality carcasses, and the meat is safe for consumption.
The effects of 3′- and 4′-substituents on the ionisation constants of biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid and 4-aminobiphenyl (1966)

Measurement of the ionisation constants for a range of 3′- and 4′-substituted biphenyl-4-carboxylic acids and 4-aminobiphenyls has confirmed the earlier conclusion that the electronic effects of substituents are transmitted to the 4-position, but in diminished magnitude compared with the analogous benzene systems. Inductive effects alone do not entirely account for the relative ionisation constants of the 3′-substituted acids, and this suggests that the mesomeric effect of the 3′-substituent should not be discounted. The relationship between the pKa values for the 3′- and 4′-substituted acids and the Hammett substituent constants is discussed.
Folded dielectric elastomer actuators (2007)

Polymer-based linear actuators with contractile ability are currently demanded for several types of applications. Within the class of dielectric elastomer actuators, two basic configurations are today available for such a purpose: the multi-layer stack and the helical structure. The first consists of several layers of elementary planar actuators stacked in mechanical series and electrical parallel. The second configuration relies on a couple of helical compliant electrodes alternated to a couple of helical dielectrics. The fabrication of both these configurations presents today some specific drawbacks, arising from the peculiarity of each structure. Accordingly, the availability of simpler solutions may boost the short-term use of contractile actuators in practical applications. For this purpose, a new configuration is here described. It consists of a monolithic structure made of an electroded sheet, which is folded up and compacted. The resulting device is functionally equivalent to a multi-layer stack with interdigited electrodes. However, with respect to a stack the new configuration is advantageously not discontinuous and can be manufactured in one single phase, avoiding layer-by-layer multi-step procedures. The development and preliminary testing of prototype samples of this new actuator made of a silicone elastomer are here presented.
Crédito a la inversión y neutralidad impositiva: más evidencia para un viejo debate (1999)

En este trabajo se analiza el impacto que el credito fiscal a la inversion tiene sobre
la neutralidad del Impuesto de Sociedades ante las decisiones de inversion empresarial,
utilizando a tal efecto la metodologia de calculo de coste del capital desarrollada por
King-Fullerton.
Precisamente, el credito fiscal permitido legalmente entra directamente en la
expresion del coste del capital, afectando al coste efectivo de la inversion marginal. La
principal novedad es que en lugar del porcentaje permitido legalmente utilizamos una
aproximacion al credito fiscal efectivo, que ha sido obtenido de una muestra de
microdatos tributarios de empresas manufactureras que declaran el Impuesto de
Sociedades durante el periodo 1991-1994.
Los resultados derivados de la simulacion parecen indicar que las asimetrias
fiscales en el tratamiento de la inversion marginal pueden ser mayores que las observadas
en trabajos anteriores, lo que sirve para reavivar el viejo debate existente sobre la
necesidad de eliminar los incentivos en cuota por su caracter distorsionante en la
asignacion de recursos.
Histamine induces cytoskeletal changes in human eosinophils <i>via</i> the H<sub>4</sub> receptor (2003)

1. Histamine (0.004-2 microm) induced a concentration-dependent shape change of human eosinophils, but not of neutrophils or basophils, detected as an increase in forward scatter (FSC) in the gated autofluorescence/forward scatter (GAFS) assay. 2. The histamine-induced eosinophil shape change was completely abolished by thioperamide (10 microm), an H3/H4 receptor antagonist, but was not inhibited by pyrilamine or cimetidine (10 microm), H1 and H2 receptor antagonists, respectively. The H4 receptor agonists, clobenpropit and clozapine (0.004-2 microm), which are also H3 receptor antagonists, both induced eosinophil shape change, which was inhibited by thioperamide (10 microm). The H3/H4 receptor agonists, imetit, R-alpha-methyl histamine and N-alpha-methyl histamine (0.004-2 microm) also induced eosinophil shape change. 3. Histamine induced actin polymerisation (0.015-10 microm), intracellular calcium mobilisation (10-100 microm) and a significant upregulation of expression of the cell adhesion molecule CD11b (0.004-10 microm) in eosinophils, all of which were inhibited by thioperamide (10-100 microm). In addition, the H4 receptor agonist/H3 receptor antagonist clozapine (20 microm) stimulated a rise in intracellular calcium in eosinophils. 4. Activation of H4 receptors by histamine (1 microm) primed eosinophils for increased chemotactic responses to eotaxin, but histamine (0.1-10 microm) did not directly induce chemotaxis of eosinophils. 5. Pertussis toxin (1 microg ml-1) inhibited shape change and actin polymerisation responses induced by histamine showing that these effects are mediated by coupling to a Galphai/o G-protein. 6. This study demonstrates that human eosinophils express functional H4 receptors and may provide a novel target for allergic disease therapy.
A Massively Parallel Multigrid Method for Finite Elements (2006)

The hierarchical hybrid grid framework supports the parallel implementation of multigrid solvers for finite element problems. Specifically, it generates extremely fine meshes by using a structured refinement of an unstructured base mesh. For special problems with piecewise uniform material parameters, this leads to the possibility of stencil-based operations, which save substantial memory and permit a very efficient implementation of the multigrid method.
A Study of Car Park Control System Using Optical Character Recognition (2008)

This paper presents a study and design of car park control system using optical character recognition (OCR) devices. The system uses client server environment. The administrator will monitor the system and the database from the server side. Furthermore the parking information will be displayed static based on the database shared by the server. Server application and database will be stored in the server. The result shows the system is capable to save log record that will ease tracking parking user, updating user and parking credit database as well as monitoring availability of parking spaces.
Nonantimuscarinic treatment for overactive bladder: a systematic review (2016)

The purpose of the study was to determine the efficacy and safety of nonantimuscarinic treatments for overactive bladder. Medline, Cochrane, and other databases (inception to April 2, 2014) were used. We included any study design in which there were 2 arms and an n > 100, if at least 1 of the arms was a nonantimuscarinic therapy or any comparative trial, regardless of number, if at least 2 arms were nonantimuscarinic therapies for overactive bladder. Eleven reviewers double-screened citations and extracted eligible studies for study: population, intervention, outcome, effects on outcome categories, and quality. The body of evidence for categories of interventions were summarized and assessed for strength. Ninety-nine comparative studies met inclusion criteria. Interventions effective to improve subjective overactive bladder symptoms include exercise with heat and steam generating sheets (1 study), diaphragmatic (1 study), deep abdominal (1 study), and pelvic floor muscle training exercises (2 studies). Pelvic floor exercises are more effective in subjective and objective outcomes with biofeedback or verbal feedback. Weight loss with diet and exercise, caffeine reduction, 25-50% reduction in fluid intake, and pelvic floor muscle exercises with verbal instruction and or biofeedback were all efficacious. Botulinum toxin A improves urge incontinence episodes, urgency, frequency, quality of life, nocturia, and urodynamic testing parameters. Acupuncture improves quality of life and urodynamic testing parameters. Extracorporeal magnetic stimulation improves urodynamic parameters. Mirabegron improves daily incontinence episodes, nocturia, number of daily voids, and urine volume per void, whereas solabegron improves daily incontinence episodes. Short-term posterior tibial nerve stimulation is more efficacious than pelvic floor muscle training exercises and behavioral therapy for improving: urgency, urinary incontinence episodes, daily voids, volume per void, and overall quality of life. Sacral neuromodulation is more efficacious than antimuscarinic treatment for subjective improvement of overactive bladder and quality of life. Transvaginal electrical stimulation demonstrates subjective improvement in overactive bladder symptoms and urodynamic parameters. Multiple therapies, including physical therapy, behavioral therapy, botulinum toxin A, acupuncture, magnetic stimulation, mirabegron, posterior tibial nerve stimulation, sacral neuromodulation, and transvaginal electrical stimulation, are efficacious in the treatment of overactive bladder.
[Proteolytic enzymes bound to Bac. thuringiensis crystals]. (1978)

It was demonstrated that crystals of entomopathogenic protein from Bac. thuringiensis contain admixture of proteinase either adhered to their surface on inconponated into crystal lattice defects. A proteolytic action, particularly when enhanced by crystal dissolution, causes progressive degradation of crystal proteins with molecular weights of 140 000--129 000 down to the components with smaller molecular weights. This may, at least, partially account for the contradictions in the literature data on crystal composition. Using synthetic peptide substrates and specific inhibitors, it was shown that the enzymes incorporated into crystals belong to serine and metalloproteases. The presence of leucine aminopeptidase was also noted. A method for enzyme separation from crystal has been developed.
Introduction to Supply Chain Management Technologies (2010)

1. Supply chain management : architecting the supply chain for competitive advantage -- 2. Supply chain technology foundations : exploring the basics -- 3. Supply chain system foundations : understanding today's technology solutions -- 4. Technology-driven supply chain evolution : building lean, adaptive, demand-driven supply networks -- 5. Customer and service management : utilizing CRM to drive value to the customer -- 6. Manufacturing and supply chain planning : linking product design, manufacturing, and planning to increase productivities -- 7. Supplier relationship management : integrating suppliers into the value chain -- 8. Logistics resource management : utilizing technology to enhance logistics competitive advantage -- 9. Developing SCM technology strategies : creating the game plan for the successful implementation of SCM technologies.
Self-Cleaning Efficiency of Artificial Superhydrophobic Surfaces (2009)

The hierarchical structured surface of the lotus (Nelumbo nucifera, Gaertn.) leaf provides a model for the development of biomimetic self-cleaning surfaces. On these water-repellent surfaces, water droplets move easily at a low inclination of the leaf and collect dirt particles adhering to the leaf surface. Flat hydrophilic and hydrophobic, nanostructured, microstructured, and hierarchical structured superhydrophobic surfaces were fabricated, and a systematic study of wettability and adhesion properties was carried out. The influence of contact angle hysteresis on self-cleaning by water droplets was studied at different tilt angles (TA) of the specimen surfaces (3 degrees for Lotus wax, 10 degrees for n-hexatriacontane, as well as 45 degrees for both types of surfaces). At 3 degrees and 10 degrees TA, no surfaces were cleaned by moving water applied onto the surfaces with nearly zero kinetic energy, but most particles were removed from hierarchical structured surfaces, and a certain amount of particles were captured between the asperities of the micro- and hierarchical structured surfaces. After an increase of the TA to 45 degrees (larger than the tilt angles of all structured surfaces), as usually used for industrial self-cleaning tests, all nanostructured surfaces were cleaned by water droplets moving over the surfaces followed by hierarchical and microstructures. Droplets applied onto the surfaces with some pressure removed particles residues and led to self-cleaning by a combination of sliding and rolling droplets. Geometrical scale effects were responsible for superior performance of nanostructured surfaces.
Effect of Ti incorporation on the interfacial and optical properties of HfTiO thin films (2010)

Interfacial and optical properties of HfTiO films with different Ti concentration grown by radio frequency reactive magnetron sputtering have been investigated by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and spectroscopy ellipsometry (SE). XPS spectra indicate that interfacial layer is formed unavoidably for Ti doped and undoped HfO2 thin films and the interfacial structure is stable for Ti doped films. The composition of interfacial layer is most likely silicate and SiOx. Meanwhile, SE results indicate that the band gap of HfTiO thin films decreases with the increase in Ti concentration. Further results show that the valence band offset (ΔEv) decreases from 2.32 to 1.91 eV while the conduction band offset (ΔEc) decreases from 2.05 eV to 0.99 with the increase in Ti content. The optical constants consist of refractive index and extinction coefficient have also been investigated to provide the valuable references to prepare and select the HfTiO thin films for future high-k gate dielectrics.
Research on Reduction of Commutation Torque Ripple in Brushless DC Motor Drives Based on Fuzzy Logic Control (2009)

The increase use of variable-speed drive motors to reduce energy consumption will require a shift from PID controllers to system based on fuzzy logic algorithms to simplify design, reduce development time, and eliminate complex math formulas. This paper presents an approach for minimizing torque ripple in brushless DC motor (BLDCM) due to phase commutation using fuzzy control. The BLDCM drive system based on fuzzy logic control uses double close loops with current hysteresis and speed fuzzy logic control. The traditional speed PID controller is replaced by fuzzy PI-like controller to improve the performance of the BLDCM drive system. The duty ratio is controlled by a ¿ deadbeat¿ controller to equalize the current slopes of the incoming and the outgoing phases of BLDCM during the commutation interval. The simulation results with MATLAB show the accomplishment of suppression of the spikes on the current and torque responses during the commutation intervals.
축류회전차 익말단 틈새유동에 대한 수치해석 (1998)

The substantial loss behind axial flow rotor was generated by wake, various vortices in the hub region and the leakage vortex in the tip region. Particularly, the leakage vortex formed near blade tip was one of the main causes of the reduction of performance, the generation of noise and the aerodynamic vibration in rotor downstream. In this study, the three-dimensional flowfields in an axial flow rotor for various tip clearances were calculated, and the numerical results were compared with the experimental ones. The numerical technique was based on SIMPLE algorithm using standard k-.epsilon. model (WFM). Through calculations, the effects of the tip clearance on the overall performance of rotor and the loss distributions, and the increase in the displacement, momentum, and blade-force-deficit thickness of the casing wall boundary layer were investigated. The mass-averaged flow variables behind rotor agreed well with the experimental results. The presence of the tip leakage vortex behind rotor was described well. Although the loci of leakage vortex by calculation showed some differences compared with the experimental results, its behavior for various tip clearances was clarified by examining the loci of vortex center.
"Game Commander"-applying an architecture of game theory and tree lookahead to the command and control process (2002)

This paper describes an architecture for emulation of those portions of the higher-echelon command and control task which deal with planning and evaluation of courses of action (COA). The architecture described utilizes the technique of tree lookahead with game theory. Tree lookahead is a technique for computing optimal decisions. In chess it is now the preferred method in real time. It is precisely the chess application which motivates its adoption into an overall command and control architecture. Chess is the prototypical war game and the ways that chess players develop their strategies are not unlike the techniques used by commanders to reason about, plan, and evaluate courses of action to pursue in a combat situation. The paper examines implementation issues associated with this technique. It reviews some past work on developing this technique for controlling rotary-wing aircraft. It establishes how this architecture could be embedded in a virtual simulation computer generated forces host (e.g. "Modular Semi-Automated Forces" or ModSAF) that would assume other command and control functions and thus provide a broader context for command and control.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>