gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4228: Objective Judgment in Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography: Visualization of Post-Systolic Shortening by Tissue Doppler Imaging (2008)

Background: Although dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) is widely used for the detection of coronary artery disease (CAD), interpretation requires expertise. Post-systolic shortening (PSS) is a sensitive maker of myocardial ischemia. We have developed a novel tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) technique that readily visualizes the presence of PSS on 2-dimensional echocardiograms, and investigated whether CAD is objectively detectable by using this technique during DSE. Methods: Detection of diastolic abnormality by displacement Imaging (DADI): PSS was detected by using tissue Doppler displacement timing analysis. In this method, end-systole was automatically determined from tissue velocity, and delays of the displacement peaks from the end-systole were displayed from green to red on the left ventricular apical views, depending on the preset time window. DSE was performed in consecutive 51 patients prior to coronary angiography (CAG) who underwent diagnostic CAG for suspected CAD, and presented with normal LV wall motion at rest (male=31, age ranged 44 – 83 years). We measured the time from the end-systole to displacement peak (ΔT) at each segment in the apical, mid and basal segments by the standard apical plane (long axis, 4 chamber and 2 chamber views). The optimal cut-off value of ΔT for discriminating normal from CAD was determined by receiver operating characteristic analysis. Finally, DADI was performed using the optimal ΔT. CAD was confirmed by CAG as having >75% diameter stenosis. Results: Angiographic CAD was present in 31 patients (61%). DADI predicted CAD with sensitivity of 87%, specificity of 75%, negative predictive value of 79%, and predictive accuracy of 82% at the cut-ff ΔT of 80 ms at peak DSE. Conclusion: DADI was useful in making objective judgment in DSE by readily portraying the presence of PSS, a marker of myocardial ischemia, on 2-dimensional echocardiograms in patients with inducible myocardial ischemia.
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of 14-Substituted Aromathecins as Topoisomerase I Inhibitors (2008)

The aromathecin or "rosettacin" class of topoisomerase I (top1) inhibitors is effectively a "composite" of the natural products camptothecin and luotonin A and the synthetic indenoisoquinolines. The aromathecins have aroused considerable interest following the isolation and total synthesis of 22-hydroxyacuminatine, a rare cytotoxic natural product containing the 12 H-5,11a-diazadibenzo[ b, h]fluoren-11-one system. We have developed two novel syntheses of this system and prepared a series of 14-substituted aromathecins as novel antiproliferative topoisomerase I poisons. These inhibitors are proposed to act via an intercalation and "poisoning" mechanism identical to camptothecin and the indenoisoquinolines. Many of these compounds possess greater antiproliferative activity and anti-top1 activity than the parent unsubstituted compound (rosettacin) and previously synthesized aromathecins, as well as greater top1 inhibitory activity than 22-hydroxyacuminatine. In addition to potentially aiding solubility and localization to the DNA-enzyme complex, nitrogenous substituents located at the 14-position of the aromathecin system have been proposed to project into the major groove of the top1-DNA complex and hydrogen-bond to major-groove amino acids, thereby stabilizing the ternary complex.
Generalized compound scaling algorithm and application to minimum weight design of plate structures (1992)

This paper presents the generalized compound scaling algorithm and its application to optimum weight design of plate structures. The optimum designs are reached by simply scaling the design variables to an optimum intersection of multiple constraints. A four-noded isoparametric plate element is used for modeling the structure. Sensitivity computations and the optimization algorithm are discussed. The optimization cost involved (excluding the finite element analyses) is very small using this algorithm. The procedure is demonstrated on three example problems using stress and displacement constraints with side bounds on the design variables.
n-3 Fatty Acids Preserve Insulin Sensitivity In Vivo in a Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor-α–Dependent Manner (2007)

Recent studies have suggested that n-3 fatty acids, abundant in fish oil, protect against high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-alpha activation and a subsequent decrease in intracellular lipid abundance. To directly test this hypothesis, we fed PPAR-alpha null and wild-type mice for 2 weeks with isocaloric high-fat diets containing 27% fat from either safflower oil or safflower oil with an 8% fish oil replacement (fish oil diet). In both genotypes the safflower oil diet blunted insulin-mediated suppression of hepatic glucose production (P < 0.02 vs. genotype control) and PEPCK gene expression. Feeding wild-type mice a fish oil diet restored hepatic insulin sensitivity (hepatic glucose production [HGP], P < 0.002 vs. wild-type mice fed safflower oil), whereas in contrast, in PPAR-alpha null mice failed to counteract hepatic insulin resistance (HGP, P = NS vs. PPAR-alpha null safflower oil-fed mice). In PPAR-alpha null mice fed the fish oil diet, safflower oil plus fish oil, hepatic insulin resistance was dissociated from increases in hepatic triacylglycerol and acyl-CoA but accompanied by a more than threefold increase in hepatic diacylglycerol concentration (P < 0.0001 vs. genotype control). These data support the hypothesis that n-3 fatty acids protect from high-fat diet-induced hepatic insulin resistance in a PPAR-alpha-and diacylglycerol-dependent manner.
Fractional Bloch Oscillations in photonic lattices (2013)

We present the photonic analogy of the Fractional Bloch Oscillations [1]: the oscillatory motion of interacting particles moving in a periodic potential, under the presence of a static force. The analogy is implemented with the propagation of classical light in a specially engineered photonic waveguides lattice, fabricated in fused silica substrate via femtosecond laser micromachining.
Epochs of Phase Coherence between ENSO and Indian Monsoon (2006)

We study the difference of the phase dynamics between El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian Monsoon on inter-annual time scales. Distinct epochs are identified, especially two intervals of phase coherence, 1886-1908 and 1964-1980, corroborating earlier findings from a new point of view and with a better time resolution. A significance test shows that the inferred coherence is very unlikely to be the result of stochastic fluctuations. We also detect so far unknown periods of coupling which are invisible to linear methods. These findings suggest that the decreasing correlation between ENSO and Indian monsoon during the last decades might be partly inherent to the ENSO/Monsoon system. The high time resolution of the method enables
us to present an interpretation of how volcanic radiative forcing could cause the coupling.
Modeling and simulation of synchronous machine and its behaviour against voltage sags (2009)

This paper studies the effects of voltage sags (dips), both symmetrical and unsymmetrical, on the three-phase synchronous machine (SM). The vast majority of the electrical power generation systems in the world is consist of synchronous generators coupled to the electrical network though a transformer. Voltage sags on SM cause speed variations, current and torque peaks and hence may cause tripping and equipment damage. The consequences of voltage sags in the machine behaviour depends on different factors such as its magnitude (or depth), duration and initial point-on-wave, and also on the parameters of the machine. In this study, three machines of different nominal power have been used for simulate on MATLAB the effects of the voltage sags on the machine under specific conditions.
Initial Safety Data of Bevacizumab as Adjuvant Therapy for Colorectal Cancer (2008)

The results of a National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project [NSABP; NCT00096278 trial indicate that bevacizumab is safe when it is given as postoperative adjuvant therapy (in conjunction with conventional chemotherapy) to patients with stage II or stage III colorectal cancer. The efficacy data from the study are not yet available, but the safety data were reported first because of the potential effect on ongoing or planned investigations that involve bevacizumab and other antiangiogenic agents.
In vitro effects of individual fatty acids on protozoal numbers and on fermentation products in ruminal fluid from cattle fed a high-concentrate, barley-based diet12 (2004)

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of sodium salts of individual fatty acids on protozoal numbers and ruminal fermentation variables in vitro. Ruminal inoculum was obtained from two heifers fed a finishing diet consisting of (DM basis) 90% rolled barley grain, 4% barley silage, 5% soybean meal, and 1% mineralized salt. Fatty acids (FA) were included individually in the inoculum as follows: C6:0, C8:0, and C10:0 at concentrations (wt/vol) of 0.0625, 0.125, and 0.25%; C14:0 and C18:0 at concentrations of 0.125, 0.25, and 0.5%; and C12:0, C16:0, C18:1, C18:2, and C18:3 at concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0%. 15N-Labeled casein was included as a N tracer. In the presence of medium-chain saturated FA (particularly C10:0 and C12:0), no ciliate protozoa (99.8%Entodinium spp.) were recovered from the incubation medium. Long-chain unsaturated FA (C18:3, C18:2, C18:1) also decreased (P < 0.05) protozoal numbers. At all concentrations tested, C10:0 and C12:0 decreased (P < 0.05) ammonia and total VFA concentrations (by 29 and 22%, respectively) and increased (P < 0.05) concentrations of total free amino acids, reducing sugars, and soluble protein. At the greatest concentrations of these FA, xylanase and amylase activities of the incubation media were decreased (P < 0.05). The C18 unsaturated FA increased (P < 0.05) the polysaccharide-degrading activities of the media. These in vitro results suggest that long-chain unsaturated FA in combination with medium-chain saturated acids have the potential to decrease protozoal numbers and ruminal ammonia utilization in cattle fed high-grain diets.
Petri Net based Models for Condition/Event Systems (1991)

In this paper we define a class of continuous-time discrete event dynamic systems (DEDS) with two types of discrete-valued input and output signals: condition signals and event signals called Condition/Event systems (C/E systems). We formally define C/E systems and models of C/E systems that are based on an extension of Petri nets (C/E PNs). We then introduce equivalent C/E PN models for C/E systems resulting from cascade and feedback interconnections via examples. The algorithms that compute these equivalent models can be found in reference [1] The paper concludes with directions for future research.
Spectral characteristics of the Farley‐Buneman instability: Simulations versus observations (1996)

The Farley‐Buneman instability is a collisional two‐stream instability observed in the E region ionosphere at altitudes in the range of 95–110 km. While linear theory predicts the dominant wavelengths, it cannot fully describe the behavior of this nonlinearly saturated instability as observed by radar and rocket measurements. We simulate the behavior of this instability in the plane perpendicular to the Earth's magnetic field, using a two‐dimensional hybrid code which models electron dynamics as a fluid and ion dynamics with a particle‐in‐cell approach. The results show the growth, saturation, and nonlinear behavior of the instability for a much longer period of time than was possible with the pure particle codes used in previous studies. This paper describes the spectra from these simulations and compares them to the observed spectra. Both the simulations and observations show that (1) type I spectra result from saturated two‐stream waves for a broad range of elevation angles, (2) the phase velocity of these waves is below that predicted by linear theory, (3) mode coupling leads to type II‐like spectra without the presence of a plasma density gradient as often thought necessary, (4) longer wavelengths due to mode coupling develop, and (5) spectral power decreases at a rate of 0.3 dB/degree of elevation angle.
Cover Picture: Recent Advances on Diverse Decarboxylative Reactions of Amino Acids (Adv. Synth. Catal. 10/2019) (2019)

The inside cover picture, provided by Santra et al., illustrates recent advances on diverse decarboxylative reactions of amino acids catalyzed by transition metals or without metal catalysis. In order to update the recent developments on decarboxylative reactions of amino acids, we present a comprehensive review that includes the synthetic potential and scope. Details can be found in the review on pages 2161–2214 (M. Rahman, A. Mukherjee, I. S. Kovalev, D. S. Kopchuk, G. V. Zyryanov, M. V. Tsurkan, A. Majee, B. C. Ranu, V. N. Charushin, O. N. Chupakhin, S. Santra, Adv. Synth. Catal. 2019, 361, 2161–2214; DOI:10.1002/adsc.201801331).
Time-Varying Polynomial System Approach to Multichannel Optimal Linear Filtering (1985)

A new approach to linear estimation in time-varying discrete multivariable systems is described. The signal model is taken to be a time-varying vector difference equation which can be expressed in ARMA polynomial system form. An optimal linear filter and predictor is derived in terms of time-dependent polynomial operators and this can also be implemented as a recursive algorithm using difference equations. The system model and filter are particuarly relevant in self-tuning filtering applications.
Effects of the Lipophilic Core of Polymer Nanoassemblies on Intracellular Delivery and Transfection of siRNA (2015)

Despite effective gene silencing in vitro, in vivo delivery and transfection of siRNA remain challenging due to the lack of carriers that protect siRNA stably in the body. This study is focused to elucidate the correlation between complex stability and transfection efficiency of siRNA carriers. The carriers were prepared by using polymer nanoassemblies made of a cationic branched polymer [poly(ethylene imine): bPEI] to which hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) polymers were tethered covalently. These polymer tethered nanoassemblies (TNAs) were further modified with lipophilic chains (palmitate: PAL) in the core to stabilize siRNA TNAs complexes through ionic and hydrophobic interactions in combination. The effects of PAL in the core of TNAs were investigated with respect to in vitro transfection, intracellular gene delivery, and toxicity of the complexes, using a human colon cancer HT29 cell line stably expressing a luciferase reporter gene. A commercial transfection agent (RNAiMax) was used as a control. TNAs entrapping siRNA showed the greatest complex stability in the absence of PAL although TNAs with a greater PAL content induced effective intracellular siRNA delivery, while luciferase expression decreased as the amount of PAL increased in the core of TNAs. These results demonstrate that lipophilic components in carriers affect not only complex stability but also intracellular distribution and transfection of siRNA in cancer cells.
Minimum 5-Year Outcomes of Arthroscopic Hip Labral Reconstruction With Nested Matched-Pair Benchmarking Against a Labral Repair Control Group (2019)

Hip arthroscopy with segmental labral reconstruction resulted in significant improvement in PROs at minimum 5-year follow-up. PLRECON reached comparable functional outcomes when compared with a benchmark PLREPAIR control group but demonstrated lower patient satisfaction at latest follow-up.
A component of polysaccharide peptidoglycan complex on <i>Lactobacillus</i> induced an improvement of murine model of inflammatory bowel disease and colitis‐associated cancer (2008)

Interleukin-6 (IL-6)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signals play key roles in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We previously described that both intact cells and a cell wall-derived polysaccharide-peptidoglycan complex (PSPG) in a strain of lactobacillus [Lactobacillus casei Shirota (LcS)] inhibited IL-6 production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMCs) isolated from murine IBD. Diets with LcS improve murine IBD by suppression of IL-6 synthesis in LPMCs. Moreover, LcS supplementation with fermented milk ameliorates disease activity in patients with active ulcerative colitis. Here, we focused on the specific roles of PSPG in LcS concerning their anti-inflammatory actions. PSPG derived from LcS, and no other strain of lactobacilli, inhibited IL-6 production in LPS-stimulated murine IBD LPMCs. Purified PSPG-I from LcS inhibited IL-6 synthesis in LPS-stimulated murine IBD LPMCs through the inhibition of nuclear factor-kappaB. The anti-IL-6 action of LcS PSPG was abrogated by masking with monoclonal anti-PSPG-I. Furthermore, PSPG-I-negative L. casei strains (PSPG-I-negative mutant LcS: LC(DeltaPSPG-I), L. casei ATCC 334) did not inhibit IL-6 production. Finally, we confirmed the effects of PSPG-I on LcS in the models of both IBD and colitis-associated cancer (CAC). In the IBD model, ingestion of LcS improved ileitis and inhibited activation of IL-6/STAT3 signaling, while ingestion of the LC(DeltaPSPG-I) strain did not. In the CAC model, treatment with LcS, but not the LC(DeltaPSPG-I) strain, showed tumour-suppressive effects with an inhibition of IL-6 production in the colonic mucosa. These results suggested that a specific polysaccharide component in an L. casei strain plays a crucial role in its anti-inflammatory actions in chronic intestinal inflammatory disorders.
A European ELT design study (2005)

For a European ELT, we discuss science requirements and technical options. Science includes from the solar system to the first stars and galaxies. ELT and instrument needs are commented. Design options are discussed for the primary mirror, its segmentation and shape, and an adaptive secondary mirror. Adaptive optics and enclosure are commented.
Beta Particle Backscattering (1967)

An analysis is performed which indicates that beta particle backscattering measurements are highly sensitive to source-scatterer separation distances. It is shown that the primary betas emitted by the source strike the scatterer according to a Cauchy statistical distribution. Then, making the assumption that the primary betas are adsorbed on the scatterer and isotropically reemitted, an effective counting geometry can be obtained. A comparison of this effective geometry with the source geometry will then give an indication of the expected backscatter signal sensitivity. It is shown that a 50-mil separation distance can result in a backscatter measurement error of 25%. Zumwalt’s empirical relationship for saturation backscattering is used to analytically predict the expected normalized (source signal equal to one) signal as a function of source-scatterer separation distance and scatterer atomic number. Finally, aluminum, nickel, niobium, palladium, and tantalum scatterers are employed using thallium-204 (204Tl) and phosphorus-32 (32P) beta sources in conjunction with a thin-window halogen-quenched G-M tube to compare experimental and analytical results. This experiment shows that Zumwalt’s equation provides an excellent fit to the experimental results in all instances except when employing the low atomic number scatterer, aluminum.
Developmental programming of growth, glucose homeostasis and predisposition to osteochondrosis in foals (2015)

National audience
[Pterional approach to the basilar artery aneurysm--with special reference to the accessibility via optic-carotid triangle]. (1987)

There have been known two routes in pterional approach to the distal basilar artery aneurysms: one is via the space between the optic nerve and internal carotid artery (optic-carotid triangle: OCT) and the other is lateral to the ICA (retrocarotid approach: RCA). Although the approach via OCT has several advantages of its own, it had been considered to be used in very limited cases. Since we successfully clipped the aneurysms via OCT in 4 cases out of 12 (33%), neuroradiological findings observed in these 4 cases are analyzed and reported. Measurements were made in the following items on the carotid angiogram of the cases operated via OCT (OCT group) and RCA (RCA group): the distance of ICA bifurcation from midline (D), height of ICA bifurcation from the base line between anterior and posterior clinoid processes (H). Although these two values seemed higher in OCT group than those in RCA group, no significant difference was found. The product of D and H (D X H) was observed to be significantly higher in OCT group than in RCA group. The value of D X H is considered one of the indicators of the size of OCT and is proved to be useful to judge whether approach via OCT is applicable or not. Values of D X H obtained from cases with aneurysm increase with age. Regression line calculated between age and D X H value suggests that more than half of the patients over 45 years of age should have space in OCT wide enough to apply clips to the aneurysms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Quality Improvement of Thermoacoustic Imaging Based on Compressive Sensing (2015)

Thermoacoustic imaging (TAI) is a non-ionizing, high-contrast and high-resolution modality for biomedical applications. The resolution of the reconstructed image by traditional imaging algorithm, such as back-projection (BP), is dependent on the input microwave pulse width. In this work, it is experimentally demonstrated that the quality of images reconstructed based on compressive sensing (CS), a novel imaging algorithm that can reconstruct images using fewer measurements, is largely independent on the microwave pulse width which is taken into account when building the dictionary. Quantitative analysis reveals that the peak signal to noise ratio of the reconstructed images based on CS is at least 6 dB higher than those via BP, and the correlation coefficients of the images based on CS show higher correlation than those via BP.
Probing The Relation Between Vitamin D Deficiency and Progression of Medial Femoro-tibial Osteoarthitis of the Knee (2016)

25 (OH) D levels were significantly decreased in knee OA patients. Significant deterioration of the medial menisci was observed in OA patients with 25 (OH)D levels <10 ng/ml suggesting that Vit D deficiency may play a role in the progression of medial femoro-tibial OA.
Hand gesture recognition with depth data (2013)

Depth data acquired by current low-cost real-time depth cameras provide a very informative description of the hand pose, that can be effectively exploited for gesture recognition purposes. This paper introduces a novel hand gesture recognition scheme based on depth data. The hand is firstly extracted from the acquired depth maps with the aid also of color information from the associated views. Then the hand is segmented into palm and finger regions. Next, two different set of feature descriptors are extracted, one based on the distances of the fingertips from the hand center and the other on the curvature of the hand contour. Finally, a multi-class SVM classifier is employed to recognize the performed gestures. The proposed scheme runs in real-time and is able to achieve a very high accuracy on depth data acquired with the Kinect.
The outcome of voiding dysfunction managed with clean intermittent catheterization in neurologically and anatomically normal children (2002)

CIC is a viable therapeutic option for the treatment of dysfunctional voiding, associated with a large PVR, in the absence of any neurological abnormality. CIC is well tolerated in the sensate patient and provides a means for expeditiously achieving continence and improving bladder emptying cost-effectively.