gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamic prioritized conflict resolution on multiple access broadcast networks (1996)

In a multiple access broadcast network, all network nodes share a single shared communication channel, and there is the possibility of a collision when two or more nodes transmit at overlapping times. We propose a dynamic prioritized conflict resolution algorithm in which, when a collision occurs, all colliding messages are retransmitted according to their priority. When a new message arrives, it is allowed to participate in the algorithm as soon as it finds its priority is higher than that of some broadcast message. Using a time-slotted model, for any arrival pattern and priority distribution, we show that our algorithm runs in expected linear time, i.e., O(r), where r is the total number of message transmitted. We also show that the expected waiting time for any message x is O(rank(x)+log s), where rank(x) is the expected number of messages with higher priority which transmit while x is waiting, and s is the minimum of the total number of messages participating in the algorithm and the total number of nodes in the network. The analysis presented in this work also includes an improved analysis of our original (static) prioritized conflict resolution algorithm. This work is applicable to multimedia communications where different priority values could be assigned to different kinds of traffic, and our algorithm ensures that the high-priority real-time traffic has the minimum delay.
<i>Hormone Replacement Therapy for the Adolescent Patient</i> (2008)

Pubertal induction and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) during adolescence are conducted with the aim of closely mirroring the pubertal changes that occur in children with a normal hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. The challenge for the clinician is to determine the most appropriate form, dosing, and duration of replacement therapy to achieve that goal in an individual patient. While the optimal regimen remains unclear and data in adolescents are limited, this review presents the evidence available to clinicians as they care for adolescent girls and young women. Both the goals and phases of HRT are reviewed, and commonly used medication regimens are presented. Both the benefits and risks associated with various methods of HRT are also discussed, as are special issues of concern regarding adolescent HRT, including eating disorders and bone health.
Adolescent perceptions of underage drinkers in TV beer ads (1996)

Tests adolescents' perception of characters' ages in four television beer advertisements and examines correlational relationships between such age judgments and alcohol use. Some 39.4% of participants reported that the youngest character was under 21. Perceptions were positively related to amount of alcohol use among junior high school students, but not among high school students. (RJM)
Whether, when and how chronic inflammation increases the risk of developing late-onset Alzheimer's disease (2012)

Neuropathological studies have revealed the presence of a broad variety of inflammation-related proteins (complement factors, acute-phase proteins, pro-inflammatory cytokines) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains. These constituents of innate immunity are involved in several crucial pathogenic events of the underlying pathological cascade in AD, and recent studies have shown that innate immunity is involved in the etiology of late-onset AD. Genome-wide association studies have demonstrated gene loci that are linked to the complement system. Neuropathological and experimental studies indicate that fibrillar amyloid-β (Aβ) can activate the innate immunity-related CD14 and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways of glial cells for pro-inflammatory cytokine production. The production capacity of this pathway is under genetic control and offspring with a parental history of late-onset AD have a higher production capacity for pro-inflammatory cytokines. The activation of microglia by fibrillar Aβ deposits in the early preclinical stages of AD can make the brain susceptible later on for a second immune challenge leading to enhanced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. An example of a second immune challenge could be systemic inflammation in patients with preclinical AD. Prospective epidemiological studies show that elevated serum levels of acute phase reactants can be considered as a risk factor for AD. Clinical studies suggest that peripheral inflammation increases the risk of dementia, especially in patients with preexistent cognitive impairment, and accelerates further deterioration in demented patients. The view that peripheral inflammation can increase the risk of dementia in older people provides scope for prevention.
Recombinant Erythopoietin in Pediatrics: A Clinical Perspective (1990)

Recombinant human erythropoietin represents a potential therapeutic alternative to red blood cell transfusions in a number of pediatric anemias. It is effective in correcting anemia associated with chronic renal failure and may significantly reduce the morbidity associated with childhood CRF. Most exposures to allogeneic blood products in pediatrics for treatment of anemia with blood transfusions occur in neonatal intensive care units. If proven effective in treating anemia in premature babies, r-HuEPO will be responsible for a major reduction in the use of blood transfusions in clinical neonatology. Carefully designed, placebo-controlled clinical trials will be required to establish the role of r-HuEPO in anemia of prematurity. Recombinant human erythropoietin also may be useful to increase the amount of blood that can be collected before elective surgical procedures. Another potential indication is to raise the hematocrits of infants with large intracardiac shunts who develop congestive heart failure coincident with the developmental fall in hemoglobin concentration after birth. Finally, r-HuEPO may one day play a role in modifying the expression of globin genes and, thereby, ameliorate the course of sickle cell disease and beta thalassemia. Many questions surrounding the use of r-HuEPO in infancy and childhood are being addressed in ongoing clinical trials.
Spatial association of melanocytic naevus and melanoma (1991)

A series of 233 consecutive primary cutaneous melanomas was histologically and clinically studied. Histologically, 53 melanomas (22.7%) were associated with naevus cells. Such a high degree of association suggests that melanocytic naevus may be a precursor of a large number of melanomas. Analysing the cases according to Clark's levels and Breslow's index, a decrease in the naevus-melanoma association was seen with tumour progression, suggesting that advanced tumours may overgrow pre-existing nevus cells, appearing as de novo melanomas. The comparison between histological and clinical data suggest some interpretations of the natural history of melanoma.
Differential Thermal Analysis Apparatus. (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDifferential Thermal Analysis Apparatus.E. M. Barrall, J. F. Gernert, R. S. Porter, and J. F. JohnsonCite this: Anal. Chem. 1963, 35, 12, 1837–1840Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60205a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60205a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views75Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The investigational meningococcal serogroups A, C, W-135 and Y tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine (ACWY-TT) and the seasonal influenza virus vaccine are immunogenic and well-tolerated when co-administered in adults (2012)

Co-administration of meningococcal serogroups A, C, W-135 and Y conjugate vaccine (ACWY-TT) with seasonal influenza vaccine was investigated in a subset of adults enrolled in a larger study evaluating lot-to-lot consistency of ACWY-TT and non-inferiority to licensed tetravalent meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine (MenPS). Subjects in this sub-study were randomized (3:1:1) to receive ACWY-TT alone (ACWY-TT group) or with seasonal influenza vaccine (Coad), or licensed MenPS alone. Serum bactericidal antibodies (rSBA) and serum haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody titers were measured pre- and 1 mo post-vaccination. Non-inferiority of the Coad group compared with ACWY-TT group was demonstrated in terms of rSBA geometric mean antibody titers (GMTs) to serogroups A, W-135 and Y. For serogroup C the pre-defined non-inferiority limit was marginally exceeded. Post-vaccination rSBA GMTs were significantly higher (exploratory analysis) in the Coad group compared with the MenPS group for serogroups A, W-135, and Y and were similar to the MenPS group for serogroup C. Overall, > 97% of subjects achieved rSBA titers ≥ 1:128 for all serogroups. The Coad group met all criteria defined by the Committee on Human Medicinal Products (CHMP) for seroprotection, seroconversion and seroconversion factor for HI antibodies for all three influenza strains. Grade 3 solicited local/general symptoms were reported by ≤ 1.9% of subjects in any group. These data support the co-administration of ACWY-TT with seasonal influenza vaccine when protection is needed against both diseases. This study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov NCT00453986.
Harper's Ferry Revisited: The Role of Congressional Staff Archivists in Implementing the Congressional Papers Project Report (1988)

The 1978 Conference on the Research Use and Disposition of Senators' Papers affirmed the value inherent in senatorial papers. In the years since the conference, archivists and senate staff have struggled with preservation and use questions relating to those papers. In a continuing effort to answer such questions, the Dirksen Congressional Center and the National Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC) sponsored a conference on congressional papers at Harpers Ferry, West Virginia in 1985. The final Congressional Papers Project Reportsummarizes the findings of the Harpers Ferry conference and makes recommendations to the NHPRC on funding congressional papers projects. Germane to the NHPRC recommendations are minimum standards for congressional collections and repositories which accept congressional collections. If followed, such recommendations "would improve substantially the preservation of Congress's record."
Quantitative Assessment of Hyoid Bone Displacement From Video Images During Swallowing (1995)

Given the relationship between hyoid displacement and aspiration, a simple, accurate, clinically useful method for identification of reduced hyoid displacement is needed. The purpose of this investigation was to validate a quantitative method for clinically assessing hyoid bone movement during swallowing. Videofluoroscopic evaluations of 20 male subjects--10 who had been subjectively assessed as demonstrating normal hyoid displacement during swallowing, and 10 who had been subjectively assessed as demonstrating reduced displacement during swallowing--were analyzed. A video measuring gauge was used, and a software spreadsheet was developed to perform trigonometric calculations for determination of anterior/superior hyoid trajectories. Statistically significant differences were found between groups in both the anterior and superior directions of hyoid movement. No significant differences were found between liquid and paste swallows within groups. This method is simple in that it is necessary to identify only three to five points on two video images. Those values are then input onto a preprogrammed spreadsheet that automatically performs the necessary calculations. Although the present investigation focused on the movements of the hyoid bone during swallowing, this method of tracking displacement can be used for virtually any task or structure whose movements can be captured on videotape.
Lysozyme Enhances the Inhibitory Effects of the Peroxidase System on Glucose Metabolism of Streptococcus mutans (1992)

The combined effect of the salivary peroxidase system and lysozyme on the glucose uptake of Streptococcus mutans NCTC 10449 was investigated. The bacteria were grown to late-exponential phase, washed, re-suspended in buffer at pH6, and incubated with (1) 50 micrograms/mL lysozyme from human milk for 60 min; (2) 7-15 mumol/L hypothiocyanous acid/hypothiocyanite for 10 min; and (3) lysozyme for 60 min prior to addition of and incubation with hypothiocyanous acid/hypothiocyanite for 10 min. Glucose uptake was initiated by adding the bacterial suspensions to 10 mL of pre-warmed 50 mumol/L glucose containing 0.98 mumol/L D-(U-14C-)-glucose, and the mixture was incubated in a shaking water-bath at 37 degrees C. Samples were withdrawn at various time intervals, rapidly filtered through 0.45-microns membranes, washed with ice-chilled buffer, and the incorporated radioactivity determined. Lysozyme stimulated S. mutans glucose uptake slightly, but significantly inhibited S. rattus glucose metabolism. A 20-30% inhibition of radiolabeled glucose incorporation was observed with hypothiocyanous acid/hypothiocyanite alone. Incubation of the bacteria with lysozyme prior to addition of hypothiocyanous acid/hypothiocyanite containing peroxidase resulted in a total inhibition of the glucose uptake. In contrast, lysozyme in combination with hypothiocyanous acid/hypothiocyanite without peroxidase gave only a 30-50% inhibition. The addition of 5 mmol/L dithiothreitol after incubation with lysozyme and hypothiocyanous acid/hypothiocyanite eliminated the inhibition of the bacterial glucose uptake. The viability of S. mutans was not affected by treatment with any of the components used. Our results indicate that physiological concentrations of lysozyme and the salivary peroxidase system components have a synergistic effect which results in a significant inhibition of glucose metabolism by S. mutans.
Shortest path calculation of seismic rays (1991)

Abstract Like the traveling salesman who wants to find the shortest route from one city to another in order to minimize his time wasted on traveling, one can find seismic raypaths by calculating the shortest traveltime paths through a network that represents the earth. The network consists of points that are connected with neighboring points by connections as 'long' as the traveltime of a seismic wave along it. The shortest traveltime path from one point to another is an approximation to the seismic ray between them, by Fermat's principle. The shortest path method is an efficient and flexible way to calculate the raypaths and traveltimes of first arrivals to all points in the earth simultaneously. There are no restrictions of classical ray theory: diffracted raypaths and paths to shadow zones are found correctly. There are also no restrictions to the complexity or the dimensionality of the velocity model. Furthermore, there are no problems with convergence of trial raypaths toward a specified receiver nor with raypaths with only a local minimal traveltime. Later arrivals on the seismogram, caused by reflections on interfaces or by multiples, can be calculated by posing constraints to the shortest paths. The computation time for shortest paths from one point to all other points of the networks is almost linearly dependent on the number of points. The accuracy of the results is quadratically dependent upon the number of points per coordinate direction and the number of connections per point.
A Novel Immune Detection Algorithm for Anomaly Detection (2005)

Based on research for anomaly detection in the biological immune principles, a change detection algorithm for anomaly detection is provided. Adapted immune mechanism is introduced on the premise of negative selection and clone selection in this algorithm. And a niching strategy is adopted. This paper discussed the problem of anomaly detection in computer immune system roundly and deeply. Shown by simulation experiments, the algorithm improves the problem of hole and keeps variety of antibodies. And its detecting efficiency is increased obviously
A Method for Storage Node Allocation in Erasure Code Based Storage Systems (2017)

Fault tolerance is a major issue for all storage service providers. Currently, the storage service providers make use of data replication as a method to ensure fault tolerance. In the big data era, relying on data replication for fault tolerance reduces the storage efficiency. Most of the modern applications make use of erasure code based storage systems as an alternative to the data replication. In erasure code based storage systems, the allocation of storage nodes for storing data is to be done with care so that the load on the nodes of the storage system is always balanced. In this paper, we propose a greedy solution for the storage node allocation problem in big data environment with load balancing. Other major contributions discussed in the paper are modeling this problem with graph theory and suggesting an integer linear program formulation for the problem.
Catsper3 and Catsper4 Encode Two Cation Channel-Like Proteins Exclusively Expressed in the Testis (2005)

CATSPER1 and CATSPER2 are two cation channel-like proteins exclusively expressed in the testis and essential for normal sperm motility and male fertility. Using in silico subtraction and database mining, we identified expressed sequence tags encoding two previously uncharacterized cation channel-like proteins structurally homologous to CATSPER1 and CATSPER2. Similar to CATSPER1 and CATSPER2, these two proteins contain a single-ion transport domain comprised of six transmembrane spanning regions, in which the fourth transmembrane region resembles a voltage sensor and a pore-forming region lies between transmembrane regions 5 and 6. The pore contains the consensus sequence T x D x W, which is indicative of a potential calcium-selective channel. The mRNAs for Catsper3 and Catsper4 were detected exclusively in the testis using multitissue Northern blot and RT-PCR analyses. The onsets of both genes coincide with the first appearance of spermatids during testicular development. In situ hybridization analyses revealed that Catsper3 and Catsper4 mRNAs displayed identical localization patterns and were confined to spermatids of steps 1-8. Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry analyses demonstrated that these two proteins were expressed within the acrosome of late spermatids and spermatozoa. Our data suggest that CATSPER3 and CATSPER4 are two cation-channel proteins and have roles in acrosome reaction and male fertility.
Diagnosis of Equine Influenza by the Polymerase Chain Reaction (1994)

Influenza A is a common respiratory infection of horses, and rapid diagnosis is important for its detection and control. Sensitive detection of influenza currently requires viral culture and is not always feasible. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect DNA produced by reverse transcription of equine influenza in stored nasal secretions, vaccines, and allantoic fluids. Primers directed at a target of 212 bp on conserved segment 7 (matrix gene) of human influenza A/Bangkok/1/79(H3N2) produced amplification products of appropriate size with influenza A/Equine/Prague/1/56 (H7N7), A/Equine/Miami/63 (H3N8), A/Equine/Kentucky/79 (H3N8), and A/Equine/Kentucky/2/91 (H3N8) in infected frozen allantoic fluids and in frozen extracts of nasal swabs of 2 horses with naturally acquired influenza. The products bound a 32P-labeled hybridization probe to an inner region of the target. Control samples, including nasal secretions from a horse infected with herpesvirus, were negative. In a prospective study, 2 ponies inhaled aerosols of influenza A/Equine/Kentucky/2/91 (H3N8), and thereafter supernatants of nasal swabs in transport medium were obtained daily for 10 days for culture and PCR. Amplification products were evaluated by size and binding of a 32P-labeled probe and also by dot-blotting and binding of a biotin-labeled probe. Culture detected influenza more consistently than did PCR in the first 2 days of infection, but PCR detected virus more often later in infection. Gels were the most sensitive, but radiometric and biotin-labeled probes gave specific results and were consistently positive from days 3-6. PCR is suitable for detection of equine influenza in clinical samples.
Bideojokoak baliabide didaktiko gisa (2015)

The presence of videogames is increasing in current society, and young people spend more time with them. Through this project, the origins and evolution of this kind of entertainment will be examined, as well as the different types which exist. The positive and negative effects they have on people will also be analysed, especially in the area of education. In this section their ability to motivate and create different forms of behaviour will also be studied using real examples
Astronomy with Socrates (1998)

The author gives an account of his exploits whilst on an international science exchange trip to Bayeux, France.
An Optimization Method of Dynamic Lane Assignment at Signalized Intersection (2008)

The relations of mutual limitation and transition between dynamic lane assignment and running time allocation at an approach of signal control intersection were studied and an optimization model-based on time-space resource combination was proposed in this paper. The numerical test results show that the method can give an optimum benefit scheme based on dynamic lane functional partition within a given traffic demand range and it effectively improves the utilization of time-space resource at signalized intersections.
Polars and their applications in directed interpolation groups (1972)

In the study of <italic>l</italic>-groups, as in many other branches of mathematics, use is made of the concept of “orthogonal elements". The purpose of this paper is to show that this concept can be extended to directed, interpolation groups and that most of the theorems in <italic>l</italic>-groups concerning polars hold in the more general setting of directed, interpolation groups. As consequences, generalisations of Holland’s and Lorenzen’s theorems are obtained and a result on <italic>o</italic>-simple abelian, directed, interpolation groups.
Fabry-Perot effects in InGaN∕GaN heterostructures on Si-substrate (2007)

A strong intensity modulation is found in spatially and angular resolved photoluminescence spectra of InGaN∕GaN heterostructures and quantum wells epitaxially grown on Si(111) substrates. This Fabry-Perot effect results from the high refractive index contrasts at the GaN∕Si and the Air/InGaN interfaces. It can be used for a wavelength stabilization of the sample upon temperature change and, e.g., in the case of light emitting diodes, to additionally reduce the blueshift at increasing injection currents. A simple geometric approach has been chosen to calculate the influence of layer thickness, absorption and refractive indices, as well as detection angle. The cavity can be described quantitatively by a simple three layer Fabry-Perot model. An analytical expression is derived for the external luminescence line shape. Microphotoluminescence measurements at samples with the silicon substrate locally removed corroborate the model.