gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Noninvasive measurement of the pressure of esophageal varices using an endoscopic gauge: Comparison with measurements by variceal puncture in patients undergoing endoscopic sclerotherapy (1986)

Measurements of variceal pressure with a noninvasive endoscopic pressure gauge and by direct variceal puncture were performed in 20 cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension in the course of the first session of therapeutic sclerotherapy following an episode of variceal bleeding. Endoscopic gauge measurements of the pressure of esophageal varices gave similar values (15.5 +/- 2.7 mm Hg) than measurements by variceal puncture (15.4 +/- 2.4 mm Hg; not statistically significant), and there was a highly significant linear correlation between both measurements (r = 0.9, p less than 0.001). Azygos blood flow, that was markedly increased in these patients (852 +/- 399 ml per min), was directly related to variceal pressure (r = 0.73, p less than 0.01). Variceal pressure was significantly lower than portal pressure (18.8 +/- 5.0 mm Hg) (p less than 0.05), indicating that measurements of variceal pressure cannot substitute measurements of portal pressure. The study demonstrates that the noninvasive endoscopic gauge technique allows an accurate estimation of variceal pressure in patients with portal hypertension. This technique may provide additional useful information in the evaluation of portal hypertension as well as on the mechanism of variceal bleeding.
Human uterine tissue throughout the menstrual cycle expresses transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF beta 1), TGF beta 2, TGF beta 3, and TGF beta type II receptor messenger ribonucleic acid and protein and contains [125I]TGF beta 1-binding sites (1994)

The use of isoform-specific transforming growth factor-beta (TGF beta) primers, 35S-labeled 40-mer oligonucleotide probes and polyclonal antibodies, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemical observations has revealed that human uterine tissue at various reproductive stages expresses TGF beta s and TGF beta type II receptor messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and proteins. The reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction revealed the predicted 443-, 310-, 524-, and 431-basepair fragments for TGF beta 1, TGF beta 2, TGF beta 3, and TGF beta type II receptor, respectively, in both endometrial and myometrial tissues, which were further verified by restriction enzyme analysis. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemical observations indicated that all uterine cell types express TGF beta s mRNAs and proteins. In the functionalis region, endometrial luminal and glandular epithelial cells are the primary cell types expressing TGF beta s mRNAs and proteins, with lesser expression in stromal cells, whereas in the basalis region, they are equally expressed in both cell types. In myometrium, TGF beta mRNA and protein expression in smooth muscle cells occurs at a substantially lower level than in endometrial tissue. In endometrial tissue, the highest level of TGF beta mRNA and protein expression appeared in the late proliferative and early to midsecretory phases of the menstrual cycle, with a considerable reduction during the late secretory and postmenopausal periods. The pattern and cellular distribution of TGF beta type II receptor protein were similar to those seen with TGF beta isoforms in both endometrial and myometrial tissues. Quantitative autoradiography (net grain density per 100 microns 2) of specific binding of [125I]TGF beta 1 for different uterine cell types indicated that the stromal cells contain a higher grain density than other uterine cell types (P < 0.05), without a significantly different density in the proliferative, compared with the secretory, phase of the menstrual cycle. These data suggest that TGF beta s acting through their specific receptors may play an important role in a variety of uterine functions in an autocrine/paracrine manner, and ovarian steroids may also regulate their expression in endometrial tissue.
Examination of the secondary structure of the kringle 4 domain of human plasminogen (1986)

The structure of a small region of human plasminogen (F4), consisting of amino acid residues Val354-Ala439 and containing its kringle 4 (K4) domain (residues Cys357-Cys434), has been predicted from Chou-Fasman calculations and hydropathy profiles, and compared to circular dichroism (CD) measurements on the isolated fragment. Calculations, by the Chou-Fasman method, of the probabilities of various types of secondary structures that exist in this region reveal that no helical structures are present. Of the total of 86 amino acid residues present in this K4-containing peptide region, 37% can adopt conformations of beta-pleated sheets, 48% of the amino acids can exist in beta-turns, and 15% of the residues can be present as coils. The structure of F4 in dilute aqueous solution has been experimentally evaluated by CD measurements. At pH = 7.4, in dilute salt solutions, a total of 64% beta-structures, 30% beta-turns, and 6% coiled structures is estimated to be present in this peptide region. Consideration of the marginal stability of many of the conformational regions of F4, as predicted by Chou-Fasman calculations, suggests that secondary structural flexibility is present in this fragment, which could result in ready adoption of new conformations. The hydropathy profile of F4 has been determined and suggests that this polypeptide is highly hydrophilic, especially in the regions of residues His387-Tyr396 and Cys406-Lys413. Thus, it appears as though a large portion of the surface of F4 can be exposed to solvent in its native conformation.
Blood harmane concentrations and dietary protein consumption in essential tremor (2005)

The similarity between patients and controls in daily animal protein consumption and the absence of the normal correlation between daily animal protein consumption and logHA in patients suggests that another factor (e.g., a metabolic defect) may be increasing blood harmane concentration in patients.
THE FLOW BEHAVIORS OF BR COMPOUNDS (1965)

主としてBRコムパウンドのダイ・スウェル, メルト・フラクチャーおよびミル収縮に関する研究結果を報告する.ダイ・スウェルは押出圧に依存し, BRは天然ゴムに比較し特に著しい.押出圧に対しダイ・スウェルは極大値を示し, この極大を示す圧力近傍よりシャークスキン現象 (ミクロなメルト・フラクチャー) が発生する.ロール間隙でのせん断速度が大きくなると, ミル収縮は減少する.カーボン・ブラック, 軟化剤の効果についても論ずる.
(Renal-Ocular Syndrome) A case of tubulo-interstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome (1990)

特発性間質性腎炎とぶどう膜炎の合併は, Renal-Ocular Syndromeとして知られているが, その報告例は20数例にすぎない. われわれの経験した症例は23歳の女性で, 全身倦怠感・体重減少・筋肉痛・多飲多尿等を主訴に近医より紹介され本院に入院した. 入院時に中等度の腎機能低下・尿細管性アシドーシスを認め, 腎生検の結果, 急性間質性腎炎と診断した. 入院第15病日頃より眼痛・流涙・羞明が出現し本院眼科にて前部ぶどう膜炎と診断され, ステロイドの点眼・眼注を施行されたが改善を認めなかった. 全身性疾患を考慮し原因検索を行ったが不明であり, 特発性間質性腎炎とぶどう膜炎の合併と診断し, プレドニソロン30mg/日から投与開始した. これにより, 腎機能・ぶどう膜炎は著明に改善した. 本疾患は慢性消耗性疾患の像を呈し, 炎症所見が主体を成し, ステロイドが著効を示すことが特徴と考えられるが, 本症例も例外ではない. また, ガリウムシンチが早期診断に有用であることも示された.
Phase fluctuations in a turbulent medium (1977)

General relationships are shown relating the log-amplitude and the phase fluctuations to the Rytov geometric optical solution for the phase fluctuation under the assumption of normal distribution for the log-amplitude and the phase fluctuations. In the weak fluctuation region, this general relationship reduces to the Rytov solution. In the strong fluctuation region, the phase correlation function is shown to approach the Rytov geometric optical solution.
A First Principles Study of Hydrogen Storage in NaAlH<sub>4</sub>‐Related Complex Hydrides. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Stability Analysis of Millimeter-Wave Circuits. Application to DC-40GHz PHEMT amplifier and Ku-band HBT power amplifier (2000)

Specific CAD oriented methods have been developed [1] for linear and non-linear stability analysis. Both methods are applied to multi-transistor MMIC circuits. These approaches can be easily implemented on any CAD packages and enable linear and non-linear stability to be analysed with a localization of instability paths within an N-transistor circuit. Simulations and measurements of two MMIC circuits (DC-40GHz PHEMT amplifier for optical links and Ku-band HBT power amplifier) demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed methods during the MMIC design processs.
Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of the Incident-Power-Dependent Extinction Ratio of an Electroabsorption Modulator Integrated With a Distributed Feedback Laser (2010)

We have found that the extinction ratio (ER) of an electroabsorption modulator integrated with a distributed feedback laser strongly depends on the incident power to the modulator. Our theoretical consideration based on full device simulation reveals that the temperature change in the modulator dominates the phenomenon. To obtain the intrinsic extinction characteristics of the modulator, we use microscopic theory, which takes into account quantum mechanical many-body interactions in semiconductors and makes it possible to exclude unknown experimental fitting parameters. A heat-flux analysis is performed for the calculation of the temperature distribution in the entire device. As the incident power to the modulator increases, the photocurrent also increases, leading to an increase in the temperature of the modulator by some tens of degrees Celsius by Joule heating. The increase red-shifts the absorption spectrum of the modulator, and the detuning, which is the difference between the lasing wavelength and the band-edge wavelength of the modulator, becomes small, leading to a larger ER. The calculated results are in good agreement with the experiment, showing the validity of our discussion, and indicate that the ER of electroabsorption modulators is strongly affected by the internal heating of the device.
Post processing of a SiN<inf>y</inf>-based photonic stack above a CMOS imager sensor (2018)

This paper presents the fabrication of a SiN <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">y</inf> -based photonic integrated circuit (PIC) on top of a CMOS imager sensor (CIS) using semiconductor post processing fabrication technology. The photonic key components consists of SiN <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">y</inf> optical waveguides (WG), grating in/out couplers and Cu vertical mirrors defining the resonator boundaries and the sloped Cu output mirrors. The optical signal (photons) from the photonics is converted by the CIS into an electrical signal for further data processing. This photonic integration technology can be used for a wide range of applications, e.g., an optical spectrometer.
Alterations in renal cortical phospholipid content induced by gentamicin: time course, specificity, and subcellular localization (1983)

Increasing evidence suggests that membrane phospholipids are a major site of interaction between gentamicin and renal tubular cells. To help assess the impact of this interaction on renal tubular cell phospholipid metabolism, renal cortical phospholipid levels were assessed serially during treatment with nephrotoxic doses of gentamicin in the rat. Within 15 h of treatment with a single 100 mg/kg dose of gentamicin, significant increases in phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidic acid occurred, and further increases in these acidic phospholipids were seen 24 h after two and four daily doses. No consistent sustained changes were observed in total phospholipid levels or in levels of other phospholipids. None of these gentamicin treatment regimens was associated with wide-spread tubular cell necrosis in the rat at the intervals studied. In contrast, during models of acute renal failure secondary to HgCl2 and glycerol, increases in phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidic acid were found only after the development of wide-spread tubular cell necrosis. Subcellular fractionation studies showed that the increase in phosphatidylinositol produced by gentamicin involved multiple cell membranes, including mitochondria, brush border membranes, endoplasmic reticulum, and lysosomes, suggesting that the effects of gentamicin on renal cortical acidic phospholipid metabolism are not limited to inhibition of intralysosomal degradative processes but, rather, occur in such fashion as to influence the phospholipid composition of multiple subcellular membranes.
Nonlinear Classification by Genetic Algorithm with Signed Fuzzy Measure (2007)

In this paper, we propose a new nonlinear classifier based on a generalized Choquet integral with signed fuzzy measures to enhance the classification power by capturing all possible interactions among two or more attributes. A special genetic algorithm is designed to implement this classification optimization with fast convergence. Instead of using a discrete misclassification rate, the objective function to be optimized in this research is a continuous Choquet distance with a penalty coefficient for misclassified points. The numerical experiment shows that the special genetic algorithm effectively solves the nonlinear classification problem and this nonlinear classifier accurately identifies classes.
GaAs FET logic at low temperatures (1980)

Efforts during the first year of this contract have concentrated on process development, material development and characterization and circuit development. Preliminary results on single stage inverters show about a two-fold speed advantage at 77 K compared to that at 300 K for material doped in the mid-ten to the 16th per cu cm range. This advantage is offset by an aprox. 90% increase in power dissipation at 77 K compared to that at 300 K, so the speed-power product is approximately the same at the two temperatures. A more accurate assessment of circuit speed and power dissipation is expected by the use of ring oscillators. Accordingly, work has been concentrated in this area during the latter part of this period. (Author)
StructHDP: automatic inference of number of clusters and population structure from admixed genotype data (2011)

suyash@cs.cmu.edu; epxing@cs.cmu.edu.
Quality assessment of urban areas based on neural network modeling and GIS (2018)

In this article the authors carry out the research of the urban development areas structure and propose the system of its characteristics on the basis of sector affiliation of the municipal economy. The authors have developed an algorithm for quality assessment of urban development areas. The results of the research are presented on the example of several central quarters of Arkhangelsk city. The city’s residential development was formed in the periods from 1900-1950, 1950-1980 and from 2002 to date. It is currently presented by low-rise wooden, homestead type residential houses and barracks-type houses; mid-rise and high-rise brick and panel buildings of typical development, buildings of large-panel housing construction. Structural SOM-analysis compiled separate quarters of Arkhangelsk into 5 groups with a high level of characteristic similarity: "Commercial", "Prospective complex development", "Sustainable development", "Perspective renovation of residential development", "Investment-unattractive". Typical development strategies for each group of quarters are determined. Most developed areas characterized by upward height. The development strategies for depressed areas is in a high-rise building, which show the economic, social and environmental benefits of upward growth of the city. Using GIS allows to visually reflect the state and assess the quality of the urban development area by the aggregate of all parameters, and also to assess the quality of the quarters for each sector.
Enhancing the performance of dye-sensitized solar cell using nano-sized erbium oxide on titanium oxide photoanode by impregnation route (2021)

Modification of conventional photoanode with oxide nanoparticles is a practical tactic to improve the performance of electrochemical devices. In this study, erbium oxide (Er2O3) nanoparticles were mixed with the TiO2 paste and photovoltaic performance of the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) was investigated. The highest power conversion efficiency of 6.39% was reached with the 1 wt.% of Er2O3 in photoanode, while in the similar condition the device with the pure TiO2 photoanode achieved the power conversion efficiency of 3.54%. This improvement in the power conversion efficiency was attributed to declining in charge recombination, improved open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current due to the presence of the critical amount of Er2O3. XPS analysis confirms the structural coherence between the Er2O3 and TiO2, which enhanced the optical performance of the composite photoanode. Composite photoanodes were further characterized by FESEM-EDX, XRD, and AFM for structural and morphological studies.
Direct brazing of ceramics, graphite, and refractory metals (1976)

ORNL has been instrumental in the development of brazing filler metals for joining ceramics, graphite, and refractory metals for application at temperatures above 1000$sup 0$C. The philosophy and techniques employed in the development of these alloys are presented. A number of compositions are discussed that have been satisfactorily used to braze ceramics, graphite, and refractory metals without a prior surface treatment. One alloy, Ti--25 percent Cr--21 percent V, has wet and flowed on aluminum oxide and graphite. Further, it has been utilized in making brazes between different combinations of the three subject materials. The excellent flowability of this alloy and alloys from the Ti--Zr--Ge system is evidenced by the presence of filler metal in the minute pores of the graphite and ceramics. (auth)
Controllable Anisotropic Exchange Coupling between Spin Qubits in Quantum Dots (2011)

The exchange coupling between quantum dot spin qubits is isotropic, which restricts the types of quantum gates that can be formed. Here, we propose a method for controlling anisotropic interactions between spins arranged in a bus geometry. The symmetry is broken by an external magnetic field, resulting in XXZ-type interactions that can efficiently generate maximally entangled Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states or universal gate sets for exchange-only quantum computing. We exploit the XXZ couplings to propose a qubit scheme, based on double dots.
Evidence for a Granulosa Cell Site of Dihydrostestosterone Metabolism in the Adult Rat Ovary (1985)

The ovarian enzyme 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3 alpha-HSD) converts dihydrotestosterone (DHT) to 5 alpha-androstan-3 alpha,17 beta-diol (3 alpha-diol), a reduced androgen that does not bind to the granulosa cell androgen receptor. To determine the relative contribution of the granulosa cells to total ovarian 3 alpha-HSD activity, adult rats treated with either medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) or vehicle underwent ovarian microdissection. 3 alpha-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase is primarily located in excised follicles and corpora lutea, and is inhibited in the follicles but not corpora lutea by MPA (P less than 0.05). Elimination of healthy granulosa cells while maintaining healthy theca cells by irradiation of the exteriorized ovaries with 6000 rads resulted in a marked reduction in 3 alpha-HSD to 19% of control levels on a per-organ basis (P less than 0.01). The granulosa cell is the major ovarian site for 3 alpha-hydroxylation of ring A-reduced C19 steroids in the adult rat.
Small deletions in the type II collagen triple helix produce Kniest dysplasia (1999)

Kniest dysplasia is a moderately severe type II collagenopathy, characterized by short trunk and limbs, kyphoscoliosis, midface hypoplasia, severe myopia, and hearing loss. Mutations in the gene that encodes type II collagen (COL2A1), the predominant protein of cartilage, have been identified in a number of individuals with Kniest dysplasia. All but two of these previously described mutations cause in-frame deletions in type II collagen, either by small deletions in the gene or splice site alterations. Furthermore, all but one of these mutations is located between exons 12 and 24 in the COL2A1 gene. We used heteroduplex analysis to identify sequence anomalies in five individuals with Kniest dysplasia. Sequencing of the index patients' genomic DNA identified four new dominant mutations in COL2A1 that result in Kniest dysplasia: a 21-bp deletion in exon 16, an 18-bp deletion in exon 19, and 4-bp deletions in the splice donor sites of introns 14 and 20. A previously described 28-bp deletion at the COL2A1 exon 12-intron 12 junction, deleting the splice donor site, was identified in the fifth case. The latter three mutations are predicted to result in exon skipping in the mRNA encoded from the mutant allele. These data suggest that Kniest dysplasia results from shorter type II collagen monomers, and support the hypothesis that alteration of a specific COL2A1 domain, which may span from exons 12 to 24, leads to the Kniest dysplasia phenotype.
Design of microporous mixed zinc–nickel triazolate metal–organic frameworks with functional ligands (2013)

We report two new microporous mixed-metal triazolate based MOFs made from zinc and nickel salts combined with either 1,2,4-triazole or 3,5-diamino-1,2,4-triazole. Their structures, refined from X-ray powder diffraction, their CO2 adsorption and photoluminescent properties show a direct correlation with the structure of their parent organic ligand.
LCGA: Local Cultivation Genetic Algorithm for multi-objective optimization problems (2002)

In this paper, a new genetic algorithm for multi-objective optimization problems is introduced. That is called Local Cultivation GA (LCGA). LCGA has a neighborhood crossover mechanism in addition to the mechanism of GAs that had proposed in the past researches. As compared with SPEA2, NSGA-II, and MOGA, LCGA is the robust algorithm which should find the Pareto optimum solution. Since LCGA is easy to implement to parallel computer as a master-slave model, the reduction of calculation cost can be expected.
Localization of secologanin in<i>Catharanthus roseus</i>cells (1999)

Abstract The subcellular localization of the iridoids loganin and secologanin was studied in a secologanin accumulating Catharanthus roseus cell culture. Vacuoles were isolated from protoplasts by an osmotic shock treatment, followed by flotation centrifugation. The iridoid contents of cells, protoplasts and vacuoles were analysed by HPLC. Secologanin was found to be stored exclusively in the vacuoles. In loganin fed cells, loganin accumulated in the vacuoles while vacuolar secologanin contents increased, indicating that the conversion of loganin to secologanin occurs in the vacuoles. However, feedings of loganin to isolated protoplasts and vacuoles did not result in increased secologanin levels.