gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Association of Vitamin D Binding Protein Polymorphism With Long-Term Kidney Allograft Survival in Hispanic Kidney Transplant Recipients (2012)

Introduction: Polymorphism of genes encoding components of the vitamin D pathway including vitamin D receptor (VDR) and vitamin D binding protein (VDBP), have been widely explored due to the complex role played by vitamin D in renal transplant outcomes. In this study, we investigated whether polymorphisms of genes encoding VDR and VDBP were associated with allograft survival or acute rejection among a Hispanic kidney transplant population. Methods: A total of 502 Hispanic renal allograft recipients at the St. Vincent Medical Center between 2001 and 2010 were included in this study. Recipients' genotyping for VDR polymorphic sites (FokI C>T, BsmI G>A, ApaI T>G, TaqI T>C) were performed. We also performed genotyping for one common polymorphism in the VDBP gene (rs4588). The data collected were analyzed for the association between these five polymorphisms and allograft survival or acute rejection. Cox regression analysis for graft and patient survival was carried out by using SPSS. Graft survival was depicted by Kaplan-Meier analysis and compared by chi square test. Results: Survival was significantly improved for patients who was heterozygous for the rs4588 G/T allele in the VDBP gene (GT vs. GG+TT, OR=1.67, p=0.01) while GG genotype was associated with a higher risk of graft failure (GG vs. GT + TT, OR=0.63, p=0.02). We found no association for polymorphic markers in VDR with allograft survival and acute rejection. Among non-genetic factors, we found that the use of tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil, a deceased donor, and delayed graft function were associated with allograft survival and acute rejection. Graft survival associated with GT variants is illustrated in Fig 1.Figure: [Graft survival associated with GT variants]Conclusion: The results of present study suggest that VDBP polymorphisms may be the genetic factors influencing the renal allograft among Hispanic allograft recipients.
Correlation Between 24-Hour Predischarge Opioid Use and Amount of Opioids Prescribed at Hospital Discharge (2017)

Opioids are not regularly prescribed in a patient-specific manner to postoperative patients. Potential opioid overprescription occurs regularly after surgery among almost all surgical specialties.
Laparoscopic transhiatal approach for resection of an adenocarcinoma in long-segment Barrett’s esophagus (2015)

Barrett's esophagus (BE) is a precursor of esophageal adenocarcinoma and is associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease, which is often preceded by a hiatal hernia. We describe a case of esophageal adenocarcinoma arising in long-segment BE (LSBE) associated with a hiatal hernia that was successfully treated with a laparoscopic transhiatal approach (LTHA) without thoracotomy. The patient was a 42-year-old male who had previously undergone laryngectomy and tracheal separation to avoid repeated aspiration pneumonitis. An ulcerative lesion was found in a hiatal hernia by endoscopy and superficial esophageal cancer was also detected in the lower thoracic esophagus. The histopathological diagnosis of biopsy samples from both lesions was adenocarcinoma. There were difficulties with the thoracic approach because the patient had severe kyphosis and muscular contractures from cerebral palsy. Therefore, we performed subtotal esophagectomy by LTHA without thoracotomy. Using hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery, the esophageal hiatus was divided and carbon dioxide was introduced into the mediastinum. A hernial sac was identified on the cranial side of the right crus of the diaphragm and carefully separated from the surrounding tissues. Abruption of the thoracic esophagus was performed up to the level of the arch of the azygos vein via LTHA. A cervical incision was made in the left side of the permanent tracheal stoma, the cervical esophagus was divided, and gastric tube reconstruction was performed via a posterior mediastinal route. The operative time was 175 min, and there was 61 mL of intra-operative bleeding. A histopathological examination revealed superficial adenocarcinoma in LSBE. Our surgical procedure provided a good surgical view and can be safely applied to patients with a hiatal hernia and kyphosis.
Trans Fatty Acid and Coronary Disease: The Debate Continues (1995)

Trans Fatty Acid and Coronary Disease: The Debate Continues 4. Willett and Ascherio Respond Walter C. Willett, and Alberto Ascherio S ShapiroCopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.85.3.412 Published Online: October 07, 2011
Modeling Lateral Parasitic Transistors in Smart Power ICs (2006)

Negative voltages in power stages of junction-isolated Smart Power ICs turn on parasitic bipolar transistors and inject minority carriers into the substrate, which can affect the functionality of the chip. In order to indicate inadmissible substrate currents and to evaluate protection measures, these parasitic transistors have to be included into a postlayout simulation. A methodology has been developed for automatically generating Verilog-A models for these parasites from layout data. These models account for an inhomogeneous current flow and high electron densities in the substrate. A reasonable tradeoff between convergence behavior and accuracy of the model has been found
Preplasma conditions for operation of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>10</mml:mn><mml:mtext>−</mml:mtext><mml:mi>Hz</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>subjoule femtosecond-laser-pumped nickel-like x-ray lasers (2004)

We present measurements of electron densities of plasmas with femtosecond (fs) temporal resolution. The plasmas are generated by laser pulses with different intensities at different time delays. Such plasmas are of great interest as preplasmas for transient, collisionally excited x-ray lasers. The laser pulses producing the plasmas are generated by stretching part of a 130-fs laser pulse of the ATLAS titanium-sapphire laser of our institute and focusing this radiation to a line on molybdenum and silver slab targets. The electron density is measured as a function of distance from the target by interferometry using a Wollaston prism. Using an ultrashort probe pulse allows one to obtain data extremely close, about 10 microm, to the target surface. Experimental data are compared with simulations using the MULTI hydrocode. The results allow comparison of the ablation from a hard (Mo) and a soft (Ag) material, optimization of prepulse-main pulse delay times, and selection of the best pump geometry allowing for propagation of the pump and x-ray beams. These points are key elements for the development of a high-repetition-rate soft-x-ray laser.
High-Performance Periodically Poled Rb-doped KTP For Frequency Conversion In Blue/Green Region (2010)

High-Performance Periodically Poled Rb-doped KTP For Frequency Conversion In Blue/Green Region
Nucleation, Growth, and Form in Crystals of Peptide Helices (2008)

A model for the nucleation of crystallization in peptide helices is presented. The crystal structures of four polymorphic forms of a hydrophobic helical decapeptide Boc-Leu-Aib-Phe-Phe-Leu-Aib-Ala-Ala-Leu-Aib-OMe (I) exemplify alternative packing modes in cylindrical molecules. Three crystal forms of peptide I are monoclinic P2(1), while one is orthorhombic P22121. The five different helical molecules characterized have very similar backbone conformations over much of the peptide length. A survey of 117 helical peptide structures with a length >/=8 residues reveals a preponderance of the triclinic (P1), monoclinic (P2(1)), and orthorhombic (P2(1)2(1)2(1)) crystal forms. Models for the formation of critical nuclei are based on helix association driven by solvophobic forces, resulting in the formation of raftlike structures. Raft association can be further driven by the imperative of minimizing solvent accessible surface area with the formation of blocks, which can be subsequently fitted in Lego set fashion by multiple hydrogen bond interactions in the head-to-tail region. This model provides a rationalization for observed crystal formation based on a postulated structure for an embryonic nucleus, which is determined by aggregation patterns and unconstrained by the dictates of symmetry.
Increased Root Initiation in Pinto Bean Hypocotyls With 2,4-Dinitrophenol (1968)

While examining the ef feots of metabolic inhibitors on the establiishment of growth (mobi'llization) centers in bean hypocotyl's, I noticed that 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) increased t'he number of root primordia initiatted in areas of t;he hypocotyls kept iin darkness with opaque rubber tubing. I felt it unusual that an uncotupler of oxirdative phosphoryliation shouild promote the formation of root primordia and decided to examine the pos,sibil,ity that other sutch compounds might also increase root initiation. Various inhib.tor-s and uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation were dissolved in eiither water, dilulte Na!OH, or ethanoil. The pH o,f ithose dissolved in NaOH was adjusted to 7.0 with HCl. Each preparation, inciluding the water control, contained 0.05 % (v/v) Tween 20. The preparations were swalbbed on the entire hypocotyl of 7or 8-day old bean plants, Phaseolus vulgaris L. (Ptinto variety), grown in the greenihoutise. When the hypocotyl's were dry, a piece of black rubber tubing or transparent polyv,inyl tubing, 25 mm long with a 4.8 mtm bore, was placed around the hypocotyl midway between the ioityledons and the soill level. Root prlmordia were cotunted 7 dlays after the ttubinig was placed around the hypocotyl. The number of root primordia indutced in the shaded portion of the hypocotyl increased with increasing concentraltions of DNP (fig 1). A 100-mM applicatbion resutlited in a 3-fold increase in the nutmber of primordia. Hypocotyls treated with 100 mM DNP sometimes devdloped necroti!c lesions. Roots from injured plants were not couinted. No roots were formed on the uncovered portions of hypocotyls nor in areas covered by transparent tubing of DNP-treated or conitrol plants. Dicoumarol, amytal, guanidine-HGl, and s,odium fluoride had no influence on th,e number of primordia formed. S,od,ium aztide, cairbonyl cyanid-e m-chl'lorophenyrihydrazone (CCP), and potassiuvm cyanide were generally inhibiltory to primiorffdia fo,rmaation. If the promlobion of root iniltiia(tion by DNP involves the uncoupling of oxidative pho,sphorylation, the addition o'f ATP sho,ulld reduce the DNP response, assuming that ATP reaches the siite of action. We treated hypocotyls wiith DNP and v.arying concentraltions of ATP as descnibed above. ATP, in equimolar or in concentrations 1000 times greater than DNP, did not aliter the number of root primo.rdlia initia(ted. The puri,ty of the DNP (Nutritional Bdochemicals Lot No. 1380)1 was checked by recrystalliza-
Acute rise of circulating vascular endothelial growth factor-A in patients with coronary artery disease following cardiothoracic surgery (2002)

These findings demonstrate that in patients with coronary artery disease cardiothoracic surgery leads to an acute rise in VEGF-A. We suggest that this rise may result from an interaction between the pre-existing atheromatous process and a systemic increase of inflammatory mediators.
Comparing continuous and discrete analyses of breast cancer survival information (2016)

Treatment of cancer is becoming increasingly personalized and biomarkers continue to be developed to refine treatment decisions. Tumour mRNA abundance data is commonly used to develop such biomarkers, often to predict patient survival. However, survival analyses present unique challenges and it is unknown whether analysing mRNA abundance information in a discrete or continuous manner yields different results. To address this, we analysed 1988 primary breast tumour transcriptomes. When compared univariately, approximately 60% of all genes showed differences between the discrete and continuous Cox proportional hazards models with q-value differences spanning four orders of magnitude for some genes. Further, hybrid models using both continuous and discrete data used to classify poor prognosis via random forest outperformed models using a single type of information. Thus some genes appear to continuously contribute to poor prognosis while others display threshold effects, and incorporating this into biomarker development is a key unexplored avenue.
Effective rumen degradation of dry matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fibre in forage determined by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (2007)

The objective of the present study was to examine if near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) could be used to predict degradation parameters and effective degradation from scans of original forage samples. Degradability of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) of 61 samples of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) was tested by using the in situ technique. The grass samples were harvested at three different stages, early vegetative growth, early reproductive growth and late reproductive growth. Degradability was described in terms of immediately rumen soluble fraction (a fraction, for DM and CP only as NDF does not contain a soluble fraction), the degradable but not soluble faction (b fraction) and the rate of degradation of the b fraction (c value). Overall effective degradability of DM, CP and NDF was also calculated. Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy was examined for its ability to predict degradation parameters and to make a direct prediction of effective degradation from scans of the original samples of perennial ryegrass and orchardgrass. Prediction of effective degradation of the different feed fractions showed different accuracy. The coefficients of determination (R(2)) from regressions of predicted vs. measured effective degradation, using a cross-validation method, were 0.92 for DM, 0.78 for CP and 0.61 for NDF. The attempt to predict the degradation parameters (a, b and c) by NIRS was less successful as the coefficients of determination for the degradation parameters were low. Concentrations of CP and NDF in the original samples were predicted by using NIRS and the validated R(2) value was 0.98 for CP and 0.92 for NDF. It is concluded that using NIRS predictions from scans of original samples is a promising method to obtain values for the effective degradation of DM, CP and NDF in ruminant feeds, but that larger calibration sets are necessary for obtaining improved accuracy.
[What does NOTES yield?]. (2007)

They are many controversies obstructing introduction of this method into common praxis. This technique is undergoing an immense progression and it is not possible to only passively observe this dynamic development, but it is necessary to actively make the indications and contraindications for the possible usage of this method.
Genesis of the Myofibroblast in Lung Injury and Fibrosis (2012)

Tissue injury incites a repair response with a key mesenchymal component that provides the essential connective tissue for subsequent regeneration or pathological fibrosis. The fibroblast is the major mesenchymal cell type to be implicated in this connective tissue response, and it is in its activated or differentiated form that it participates in the repair process. The myofibroblast represents such an activated mesenchymal cell and is a key source of extracellular matrix and inflammatory/fibrogenic cytokines as well as participating in wound contraction. Although successful healing results in gradual disappearance of myofibroblasts, their persistence is associated with chronic and progressive fibrosis. Thus, elucidation of the mechanism involved in the genesis of the myofibroblast should provide insight into both pathogenesis of chronic fibrotic diseases and therapeutic strategies for their management and control. Although the fibroblast is a well-documented progenitor cell for the myofibroblast, recent studies have suggested additional precursor cells that have the potential to give rise to the myofibroblast. Many of the studies focused on mechanisms and factors that regulate induction of α-smooth muscle actin expression, a key and commonly used marker of the myofibroblast. These reveal complex and multifactorial mechanisms involving transcriptional and epigenetic regulation and implicating diverse cell-signaling pathways, including those activated by the potent fibrogenic cytokine transforming growth factor β. Despite these extensive studies, many aspects remain poorly understood, with the suggestion that additional novel mechanisms remain to be discovered. Future studies with the help of newly developed technical advancements should expedite discovery in this direction.
Prevention of Liquid Spreading or Creeping (1964)

Spreading of liquids over solid surfaces can be prevented by three approaches: The liquid can be inherently nonspreading in its pure state, it can be made nonspreading by addition of carefully selected solutes, or the solid surface can be modified by coating it with substances of low surface energy. Requirements for nonspreading oils for watches and fine instruments are discussed in terms of the basic mechanism of spreading and wetting, the effect of chemical composition on spreading, and the use of oleophobic additives. The solid surface can be modified by monolayer coatings. These sometimes can be too readily removed, whereas coatings of selected fluorinated polymers remain effective when laid down in the form of a circular ring surrounding the oil drop.
Component Chain Dynamics in a Miscible Blend of Low-M Poly(p-t-butyl styrene) and Polyisoprene (2008)

Dielectric and viscoelastic behavior was examined for a 8/2 (wt/wt) blend of a cis-polyisoprene (PI; M = 19.9×103) and a low molecular weight (M) poly(p-t-butyl styrene) (PtBS; M = 16.4×103). In general, PtBS and PI exhibit the LCST-type phase behavior, but the blend examined was in the miscible region at temperatures examined, T = 30-70 °C. The dielectric loss ε" of the blend at low frequencies was exclusively attributable to the large-scale motion of the PI chains having type-A dipoles. The ε" data obeyed the time-temperature superposition, suggesting that all PI chains in the blend felt the same frictional environment. This result was in contrast to the failure of the superposition previously observed for the same PI chains in a 8/2 miscible blend with a higher-M PtBS (M = 69.5×103). This difference was attributed to a difference of the lifetime of the dynamic heterogeneity due to the concentration fluctuation of PtBS. In the blend with high-M PtBS, the terminal relaxation of PtBS was slower than that of PI and thus the concentration fluctuation was effectively frozen and the PtBS chains behaved as non-uniformly distributed frictional objects during the terminal relaxation of the PI chains. Then all PI chains could not feel the same segmental friction, which naturally resulted in the failure of the time temperature superposition. In contrast, in the blend with low-M PtBS examined in this study, the terminal relaxation was slower for PI than for PtBS. For this case, PtBS behaved as uniformly distributed frictional objects during the terminal relaxation of PI thereby allowing the PI chains to obey the superposition.
A generalized video complexity verifier for flexible decoding (2004)

Video standards make use of a video complexity verifier (VCV) to characterize and regulate the decoding complexity of a compliant bitstream. In previous VCV models, the minimum level of computational capacity required to decode a given bitstream is strictly related to the peak decoding complexity of an individual frame in the sequence. This contribution presents a new VCV model, which is more flexible than prior VCV models. The proposed VCV model permits the bitstream to be decoded by devices operating at significantly smaller levels of peak computational capacity. The trade-off is a slight increase in additional delay and memory. Simulation results illustrate these benefits of the new VCV model.
The Jet Propulsion Laboratory Autonomous Helicopter Testbed: A platform for planetary exploration technology research and development (2006)

Abstract The Jet Propulsion Laboratory Autonomous Helicopter Testbed (AHT), an aerial robot based upon a radio‐controlled model helicopter, provides a small low‐cost platform for developing and field testing new technologies needed for future space missions. The AHT helps cover the test space in a complementary fashion to other methods, such as rocket sleds or parachute drops. The AHT design and implementation is presented as well as experimental results and milestones achieved since its creation in 2001. In addition, technologies we are developing and testing are described. These include image‐based hazard detection and avoidance algorithms for safe landing in dangerous terrain and an extended Kalman filter that augments inertial navigation with image‐based motion estimates to enable pin‐point landing. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Materials and Processing Developments for Pickle-Free Systems for Wet Process Operations—A Panel Discussion (2008)

Latest developments in materials and processes for the use of pickle-free systems in wet porcelain enameling are reported. Benefits are identified and likely trends in future development work are noted.
A soft-switched parallel inverter architecture with minimal output magnetics (2002)

A parallel power converter architecture based on the resonant pole topology is presented which minimizes the output magnetics required for current sharing. A novel current control scheme applicable to both the new parallel architecture and the single resonant pole inverter is described, and equations for piecewise modeling of the parallel architecture are presented. The paper demonstrates that the parallel architecture overcomes some of the major disadvantages of the conventional resonant pole inverter.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Disulfide Bonds of Toxin II of the Scorpion <i>Androctonus australis</i> Hector (1974)

The positions of the disulfide bridges in toxin II of Androctonus australis Hector were investigated using proteolytic enzymes. The resulting peptides were separated by column and paper chromatography and high‐voltage electrophoresis. Determination of the amino acid compositions of the cystine‐containing peptides or their oxidized derivatives and, when necessary, dansyl Edman degradation allowed to locate the disulfide bonds in the toxin. The four disulfide bridges were found to link the half‐cystine residues number 12 and 63, 16 and 36, 22 and 46, 26 and 48. These positions are probably the same in all scorpion neurotoxins.
Microwave Absorbing Properties of Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes (2013)

In the ongoing search for new materials for microwave absorption applications, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) merit a special consideration due to their outstanding properties. In this paper, the microwave absorbing properties of several commercial Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) used as filler in Epoxy resin have been analyzed. The complex permittivity of the composites prepared with four types of MWCNT's has been experimentally determined. The data were used to calculate the reflection coefficient of a single-layer absorber backed by a metallic plate calculated for 0.1% and 0.5% concentration of CNTs