gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Butyrate induced reduction of tumor cell laminin receptors. (1986)

Laminin, a glycoprotein of basement membranes, binds to the surface of cultured human pancreatic carcinoma cells (PANC-1). The binding is saturable, with a high proportion of specific binding, as determined by competition of labeled ligand with 80-fold excess unlabeled ligand. Pretreatment of the carcinoma cells with butyrate markedly reduces the amount of specific laminin binding. The butyrate effect on laminin binding is dose dependent and is observed at a concentration of butyrate which does not significantly reduce cellular protein synthesis or increase laminin production. Scatchard analysis indicates that butyrate reduces the total number of laminin binding sites without affecting the binding coefficient (Kd = 2 nm). The laminin receptor protein isolated from the PANC-1 cell extract has a molecular weight of approximately 70,000. After butyrate treatment the total amount of extractable laminin receptor protein is significantly reduced. Thus butyrate reduces laminin binding to PANC-1 carcinoma cells by a mechanism which involves decreased expression of laminin receptor proteins in the plasma membrane.
Temperature dependence of vibrational relaxation from the upper vibrational levels of HF and DF (1980)

A kinetic model of infrared laser-induced fluorescence experiments has been used to simulate quenching coefficients between 300 and 2400 K for the vibrational relaxation of HF(v1) and DF(v1) by HF(v2=0) and DF(v2=0). This rotational nonequilibrium model is based on the predicted energy-transfer mechanisms in hydrogen–fluoride and deuterium–fluoride systems reported earlier by Wilkins. The deactivation rates for the V→R processes for HF(v1)+HF(v2=0) and their isotopic analogs are predicted to scale as vn with n varying from 2.3 to 1.6 as v varies from 2 to 6. These quenching coefficients for V→R processes from the upper vibrational levels are predicted to have a temperature dependence very similar to that for V→R relaxation from the v=1 level. The results are discussed in relation to V→V energy transfer and V→R intramolecular energy conversion.
Abstract PL03-03: The clinical significance of intratumor diversity in breast cancer (2011)

Abstract Intratumor diversity for hereditary traits is the driver of tumor evolution, including disease progression and therapeutic resistance. To investigate the role of intratumor genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity in breast tumor progression and in therapeutic responses, we performed immunoFISH (iFISH) analyses of distant metastases from the same patient and breast tumor biopsies before and after treatment. iFISH allows for the combined analysis of phenotypic markers (e.g., such as CD24 and CD44) and chromosomal copy number gains at the single-cell level. In each tumor we evaluated four distinct tumor cell populations (CD44+/CD24-, CD44-/CD24+, CD44+/CD24+, and CD44-/CD24- cells) for chromosomal gain at 8q24 and other commonly gained chromosomal regions. iFISH data was evaluated using ecological and evolutionary models. We found high degree of genetic heterogeneity within and between the four different cell subpopulations in some tumors, in some patients the distant metastases were highly divergent, and the degree of intratumor diversity was altered by treatment and was associated with clinical characteristics. Our findings demonstrate the power of analyzing tumors as ecosystems and indicate that numerical measures of intratumor diversity can be used as clinically useful biomarkers predicting the risk of progression and therapeutic resistance. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr PL03-03. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-PL03-03
Yellow fever vaccination during treatment with infliximab in a patient with ulcerative colitis: A case report (2016)

We report the case of a 59-year-old patient who accidentally underwent live vaccination against yellow fever during continuous treatment with the TNF-α-antibody (AB) infliximab for ulcerative colitis. The clinical course showed fever of short duration and elevation of liver enzymes without further clinical complications. Yellow fever viremia was not detectable and protective antibodies were developed. A primary vaccination against yellow fever under infliximab has not been reported in the literature before, although vaccination is an important topic in IBD. Live vaccinations, like Stamaril(®) against yellow fever, are contraindicated during TNF-α-AB treatment. Treatment regimens containing TNF-α-AB are of growing importance, not only in gastroenterology, but also in rheumatology and dermatology. We discuss this topic by presenting our case and reviewing the current literature.
FTIR Study of CO Adsorption on Ni−ZSM-5 (2002)

Adsorption of CO on Ni−ZSM-5 reveals the existence of two kinds of Ni2+ ions, with the respective stretching frequencies being at 2220 and 2212 cm-1. The carbonyl complexes are resistant to evacuation at room temperature, which is explained by the high electrophilicity of cations in a ZSM matrix. At 85 K and in the presence of CO, part of the Ni2+−CO species are converted into Ni2+(CO)2 dicarbonyls (2204 cm-1) which are characterized by a very low stability and easily lose one of their CO ligands. Interaction of Ni−ZSM-5 with CO at 673−773 K results in a preferential reduction of the Ni2+ ions which form the carbonyls characterized by the band at 2220 cm-1. CO adsorption at room temperature on the reduced sample leads to the formation of Ni+(CO)2 gem dicarbonyls (νs at 2136 cm-1 and νas at 2092 cm-1) which are converted, during evacuation, to linear Ni+−CO species (2109 cm-1). The dicarbonyl structure is proved by 12CO−13CO coadsorption, and the mixed Ni+(12CO)(13CO) species are characterized by ν(12CO) at 2123 cm-1 and ν(13CO) at 2058 cm-1. At low temperature, a third CO molecule is coordinated to the Ni+ cations, thus producing tricarbonyls (2156, 2124, and 2109 cm-1). The latter species lose one of their CO ligands during evacuation at 85 K and are converted back into dicarbonyls. The Ni+ sites are easily oxidized in the presence of O2. However, the Ni2+ ions produced differ in properties from the initially deposited cations and are easily reduced to Ni+ even at ambient temperature.
Rapamycin Inhibition of Polyposis and Progression to Dysplasia in a Mouse Model (2014)

Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is often due to adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene germline mutations. Somatic APC defects are found in about 80% of colorectal cancers (CRCs) and adenomas. Rapamycin inhibits mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) protein, which is often expressed in human adenomas and CRCs. We sought to assess the effects of rapamycin in a mouse polyposis model in which both Apc alleles were conditionally inactivated in colon epithelium. Two days after inactivating Apc, mice were given rapamycin or vehicle in cycles of two weeks on and two weeks off. Polyps were scored endoscopically. Mice were euthanized at time points or when moribund, and tissue analyses were performed. In other studies, mice with demonstrable Apc-defective colon polyps were given rapamycin, followed by analysis of their colon tissues. The median survival of mice receiving rapamycin treatment cycles was 21.5 versus 6.5 weeks in control mice (p = 0.03), and rapamycin-treated mice had a significantly lower percentage of their colon covered with polyps (4.3+/- 2 vs 56.5+/- 10.8 percent, p = 0.001). Mice with Apc-deficient colon tissues that developed high grade dysplasia treated with rapamycin underwent treatment for significantly longer than mice treated with vehicle (15.8 vs 5.1 weeks, p = 0.003). In Apc-defective colon tissues, rapamycin treatment was linked to decreased levels of β-catenin and Sox9 at 7 weeks. Other effects of rapamycin in Apc-defectivecolon tissues included decreased proliferation and increased numbers of differentiated goblet cells at 7 weeks. Rapamycin did not affect β-catenin-regulated gene expression in cultured intestinal epithelial cells. Rapamycin has potent inhibitory effects in a mouse colon polyposis model, and mTOR inhibition is linked to decreased proliferation and increased expression of differentiation markers in Apc-mutant colon epithelium and delays development of dysplasia. Our findings highlight the possibility that mTOR inhibitors may have relevance for polyposis inhibition approaches in FAP patients.
An Agent Based Optimization Approach to Manufacturing Process Planning (2001)

Abstract Many optimization problems, such as manufacturing process planning optimization, are difficult problems due to the large number of potential configurations (process sequences) and associated (process) parameters. In addition, the search space is highly discontinuous and multi-modal. This paper introduces an agent based optimization algorithm that combines stochastic optimization techniques with knowledge based search. The motivation is that such a merging takes advantage of the benefits of stochastic optimization and accelerates the search process using domain knowledge. The result of applying this algorithm to computerized manufacturing process models is presented.
Hepatocellular carcinoma repression by TNFα‐mediated synergistic lethal effect of mitosis defect‐induced senescence and cell death sensitization (2016)

Survivin ablation dramatically suppresses human and mouse HCCs by triggering senescence-associated TNFα and sensitizing HCC cells to TNFα-induced cell death. Combined use of mitotic inhibitor and second mitochondrial-derived activator of caspases mimetic can induce senescence-associated TNFα and enhance TNFα-induced cell death and synergistically eliminate HCC. (Hepatology 2016;64:1105-1120).
Immunohistochemistry in melanocytic proliferative lesions (2004)

Melanoma incidence is rising worldwide. Early diagnosis is very important, as the most effective treatment for melanoma still consists of excision of the tumour before onset of the metastatic growth phase. Immunohistochemistry is a valuable tool for (dermato)pathologists to aid establishing diagnosis. Melanoma markers can be classified into two main categories: melanocytic differentiation markers and melanoma progression markers. Melanocytic differentiation markers are mostly used to distinguish poorly differentiated melanomas from non-melanocytic tumours and for staging of melanocytic proliferative lesions. Melanoma progression markers are most suitable to determine the level of malignancy and/or aggressiveness of tumour cells. This review describes the classification of melanoma markers, including commonly used and recently identified antigens with potential marker function. We characterize their expression profile in melanocytic proliferative lesions and their potential usefulness for diagnosis, prognosis, microstaging, immunotherapeutic purposes and evaluation of therapies.
Ionic Liquid: A Green Solvent for Organic Transformations II (2007)

Recently, the research into ionic liquids was blooming (1). This is mainly due to the favourable properties of ionic liquids, such as non-flammability, no measurable vapour pressure, low toxicity, reusability, low cost and high thermal stability. In addition to the polar properties of the ionic liquids, they are non-coordinating, which can avoid any undesired solvent binding in pre-transition states. Due to their unique properties, we envisage that ionic liquids will provide interesting perspectives of how green chemistry can be integrated into organic chemistry. In this article, we will continue our previous discussion and provide the details of current investigations we have done on using ionic liquids in reactions involving allylation reaction and the synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes and polyhydroquinoline derivatives. InCl3-Promoted Allylation of Aldehydes in Ionic Liquids (2) Allylation reactions of various carbonyl compounds are valuable C-C bond forming reactions for the preparation of synthetically useful homoallylic alcohols (2). Although Lewis
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice Styles of North American Pediatricians Regarding Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (2007)

Pediatric providers appear to frequently order diagnostic testing and treatment for GERD, yet knowledge about evidence-based GERD management among this random sample appeared limited. Moreover, a significant number of providers were not aware of different guideline publications.
H<sub>2</sub>Separation From H<sub>2</sub>/N<sub>2</sub>and H<sub>2</sub>/CO Mixtures with Co-Polyimide Hollow Fiber Module (2010)

A lab-scale membrane module, packed with more than 150 hollow fibers of P84® co-polyimide, was used for the separation of hydrogen mixtures. The ideal membrane performance was analysed with pure gases (H2, N2, CO, CO2, CH4) and H2/N2 and H2/CO mixtures at 50°C and up to 6 bar. Significant differences were observed between ideal selectivities and separation factors of mixtures. In gas mixture experiments, no variation of hydrogen flux was observed among the different feeds, whereas the permeance of the less permeating species, i.e., N2 and CO, was significantly higher than that measured with pure gases. A linear dependence of H2 recovery on the stage cut was observed in the whole feed pressure range investigated. No differences in the behavior of the membrane versus the two different mixtures were observed. A higher separation factor was obtained when H2 was mixed with N2 rather than CO, in agreement with the trend followed by ideal selectivity values, since the one of H2/N2 was 78, a bit higher than that of H2/CO (60). However, the hydrogen concentration in the permeate also reached 90% molar. The performances of a membrane system were compared with PSA and cryogenic, considering two metrics of process intensification.
A comparative analysis of software architecture recovery techniques (2013)

Many automated techniques of varying accuracy have been developed to help recover the architecture of a software system from its implementation. However, rigorously assessing these techniques has been hampered by the lack of architectural “ground truths”. Over the past several years, we have collected a set of eight architectures that have been recovered from open-source systems and independently, carefully verified. In this paper, we use these architectures as ground truths in performing a comparative analysis of six state-of-the-art software architecture recovery techniques. We use a number of metrics to assess each technique for its ability to identify a system's architectural components and overall architectural structure. Our results suggest that two of the techniques routinely outperform the rest, but even the best of the lot has surprisingly low accuracy. Based on the empirical data, we identify several avenues of future research in software architecture recovery.
Narrow-Band SAW Filters Using Stepped-Resonators with Tapered Gratings (1984)

on the o peration of narrow-band multimode SAW filters using three-section stepped resonator structures with uniform and tapered grating-reflecto rs. In such filter types, a composite response is obtained by interlacing of the mu1 timode responses from the individual resonator segments. Two types of grating reflectors w ith differing geometries were examined, as possible structures for smoothing the pass band amplitude-rfpple response, and improving out-of-band rejection. Results are given for an illustrative designs with nominal 1% fractional bandwidth on yz-lithium niobate and 128' rotated yx-lithium niobate, showing an insertion l oss of less than 5.9 dB at centre frequency. Comparative experimental studies a re r eported
Scheduling channel time allocations in 802.15.3 WPANs for supporting multimedia applications (2009)

Abstract The 802.15.3 standard is a reference point for high data‐rate wireless personal area networks (WPANs), being able to support also multimedia applications with specific quality of service (QoS) requirements. In a 802.15.3 piconet, a single piconet co‐ordinator (PNC) distributes channel time allocations (CTAs) to devices (DEVs) associated to it, in order to provide the expected QoS. The 802.15.3 standard does not specify how this allocation should be done. To bridge this gap, we propose a dynamic CTA scheduling scheme that provides bounded average delays to multimedia applications. The algorithm is based on a control theoretic approach and acts in two steps: (1) each single DEV computes its transmission needs by applying a control algorithm that targets empty transmission queues; (2) the PNC collects requests of DEVs and allocates CTAs by taking into account the capacity constraints of the wireless channel. The main properties and the tuning rules of the algorithm have been theoretically investigated. Moreover, in order to provide a comprehensive performance evaluation of the proposed approach, realistic scenarios with video, voice, and FTP flows have been simulated using ns‐2. Results confirm that our scheduler is able to satisfy the expected delay bounds in a wide range of traffic loads. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Octahedral cations in Rb<sub>3</sub>C<sub>60</sub>: Reconciliation of conflicting evidence from different probes (1998)

There is an apparent contradiction between X-ray diffraction, NMR and extended X-ray-absorption fine-structure (EXAFS) measurements on the structure of Rb3C60. Specifically, a possible displacement of the octahedral alkali cations away from their site center and the origin of a third observed Rb NMR line have been widely discussed. We address this question with X-ray powder diffraction as a function of temperature and find that the octahedral cation does have its equilibrium position at the site center with a large Debye-Waller factor. We show how this result can be reconciled with results of NMR and EXAFS.
Autoregulation of gastric blood flow and oxygen uptake (1981)

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the ability of the stomach to autoregulate blood flow and oxygen uptake is altered by sympathetic denervation. Blood flow, oxygen extraction, local arterial pressure, and venous pressure were continuously monitored in sympathetically innervated and denervated autoperfused dog stomach preparations. As perfusion pressure was reduced in increments from 120 to 20 mmHg in innervated preparations, blood flow and oxygen uptake decreased while oxygen extraction and vascular resistance increased. Reductions in perfusion pressure in denervated preparations resulted in a decrease in blood flow, oxygen uptake, and vascular resistance, whereas oxygen extraction increased. The ability of the stomach to regulate blood flow and oxygen uptake was significantly improved after denervation, i.e., vascular resistance decreased and oxygen uptake remained relatively constant when arterial pressure was reduced. Oxygen uptake in denervated stomachs was generally higher than that in innervated stomachs. Autoregulation of gastric blood flow therefore appears to be improved by denervation. The better autoregulation observed after denervation may result either from a reduction in sympathetic tone and/or the increase in gastric oxygen demand.
Fructose as a carbon source induces an aggressive phenotype in MDA-MB-468 breast tumor cells (2010)

Aberrant glycosylation is a universal feature of cancer cells, and certain glycan structures are well-known markers for tumor progression. Availability and composition of sugars in the microenvironment may affect cell glycosylation. Recent studies of human breast tumor cell lines indicate their ability to take up and utilize fructose. Here we tested the hypothesis that adding fructose to culture as a carbon source induces phenotypic changes in cultured human breast tumor cells that are associated with metastatic disease. MDA-MB-468 cells were adapted to culture media in which fructose was substituted for glucose. Changes in cell surface glycan structures, expression of genes related to glycan assembly, cytoskeleton F-actin, migration, adhesion and invasion were determined. Cells cultured in fructose expressed distinct cell-surface glycans. The addition of fructose affected sialylation and fucosylation patterns. Fructose feeding also increased binding of leukoagglutinating Phaseolus vulgaris isolectin, suggesting a possible rise in expression of branching beta-1, 6 GlcNAc structures. Rhodamine-phalloidin staining revealed an altered F-actin cytoskeletal system. Fructose accelerated cellular migration and increased invasion. These data suggest that changing the carbon source of the less aggressive MDA-MB-468 cell line induced characteristics associated with more aggressive phenotypes. These data could be of fundamental importance due to the markedly increased consumption of sweeteners containing free fructose in recent years, as they suggest that the presence of fructose in nutritional microenvironment of tumor cells may negatively affect the outcome for some breast cancer patients.
Transport of sulfur dioxide from the Asian Pacific Rim to the North Pacific troposphere (1997)

The NASA Pacific Exploratory Mission over the Western Pacific Ocean (PEM‐West B) field experiment provided an opportunity to study sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) in the troposphere over the western Pacific Ocean from the tropics to 60°N during February–March 1993. The large suite of chemical and physical measurements yielded a complex matrix in which to understand the distribution of sulfur dioxide over the western Pacific region. In contrast to the late summer period of Pacific Exploratory Mission‐West A (PEM‐West A) (1991) over this same area, SO 2 showed little increase with altitude, and concentrations were much lower in the free troposphere than during the PEM‐West B period. Volcanic impacts on the upper troposphere were again found as a result of deep convection in the tropics. Extensive emission of SO 2 from the Pacific Rim land masses were primarily observed in the lower well‐mixed part of the boundary layer but also in the upper part of the boundary layer. Analyses of the SO 2 data with aerosol sulfate, beryllium‐7, and lead‐210 indicated that SO 2 contributed to half or more of the observed total oxidized sulfur (SO 2 plus aerosol sulfate) in free tropospheric air. The combined data set suggests that SO 2 above 8.5 km is transported from the surface but with aerosol sulfate being removed more effectively than SO 2 . Cloud processing and rain appeared to be responsible for lower SO 2 levels between 3 and 8.5 km than above or below this region.
The Application of Sensitivity Analysis to Electrohydraulic Position Control Servos (1983)

Sensitivity analysis is applied to an investigation of the influences of design parameters on the dynamics of electrohydraulic position control servos. A sensitivity model suitable for certain nonlinear dynamic systems is introduced in general form. State equations may have nonlinearities that are continuously twice differentiable with respect to the state vector and parameter vector and nonlinearities such as deadband. As an example parameter influences on a servo system typical in the sawmill industry are considered.
On Tracking Control of Rigid-Joint Robots With Only Position Measurements (2012)

In this letter, we present tracking control with only position measurements for rigid-joint robots, by applying the canonical transformation theory for port-Hamiltonian systems. We show that besides giving the same results as presented in the literature for Euler-Lagrange systems, the canonical transformation theory also justifies a Coriolis matrix based on the desired velocities. Furthermore, we show how the initial conditions of the controller can be tuned in order to improve transient performance. Finally, we validate our results on a simple experimental setup.