gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Normal and pathological structural features of lacrimal gland based on spatial ultrasound digital examination]. (2011)

For the first time vital morphological structure of lacrimal gland was investigated based on spatial ultrasound digital examination. Structural characteristics of lacrimal gland are described considering anatomic topography and blood supply. These characteristics are analyzed based on planar and volumetric sonography depending on the patient age and pattern of changes. Their correlation is studied. The results of lacrimal gland examination allowed us to analyze a number of ultrasound diagnostic signs and compare them with changes in acute dacryoadenitis, MALT-lymphoma, Sjogren disease, sarcoidosis and thyroid eye disease. Revealed features may be useful for understanding of nature of clinical presentation. The results of the study may help to interpret diagnostic signs and follow up their evolution in a clinical course of a disease.
Efficiency in instantiating objects from relational databases through views (1991)

The approach of instantiating objects from relational databases through views provides an effective mechanism for building object-oriented applications on top of relational databases. However, a system built in such a framework has the overhead of interfacing between two different models--an object-oriented model and the relational model--in terms of both functionality and performance. In this thesis, we address two important problems: the outer join problem and the instantiation efficiency problem.
In instantiating objects, tuples that should be retrieved from databases may be lost if we allow only inner joins. Hence it becomes necessary to evaluate certain join operations of the query by outer joins, left outer joins in particular. On the other hand, we sometimes retrieve unwanted nulls from nulls stored in databases, even if there is no null inserted during query processing. In this case, it is necessary to filter some relations with selection conditions which eliminate the tuples containing null attributes in order to prevent the retrieval of unwanted nulls. We develop a mechanism for making the system generate those left outer joins and filters as needed rather than requiring that a programmer specifies it manually as part of the query for every view definition.
Since the advent of the relational databases, it has been universally accepted that a query result is retrieved as a single flat relation (a table). This single table concept is not useful in our framework because a client wants to retrieve object instances. Rather, a single flat relation contains data redundantly inserted just to make the query result 'flat'. These redundant data convey no extra information but only degrade the performance of the system. This fact motivated us to look into different methods which reduce the amount of data that the system must handle to instantiate objects, without diminishing the amount of information to be retrieved. In this thesis, we present two alternative methods which retrieve a query result in less redundant structures than a single flat relation. Our result demonstrates that these two methods incur far less cost than the method of retrieving a single flat relation.
소프트콘택트렌즈 건조로 인한 렌즈 형태 및 TBUT의 변화 (2008)

목적: 본 연구에서는 건안에 착용되어 지속적으로 건조한 상태에 노출되거나 관리 부주의로 건조한 상태가 되었던 소프트콘택트렌즈(soft contact lens, SCL)에 발생되는 렌즈의 형태 및 렌즈 착용시의 누액 안정성에 나타나는 변 화를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 함수율과 두께, 재질이 상이한 소프트콘택트렌즈들을 각각 ...
Public sector pricing in a fiscal context (1989)

Administered prices should deviate from marginal cost if they are to be used as instruments to generate revenue. The analysis is based on the Bank's two-step approach to public sector pricing: first calculating marginal cost, and then adjusting it to account for other factors. The aim is to show how those adjustments should be made to account for fiscal concerns. The appropriate basis for pricing in the first step, the author contends, is a weighted average of short and long term marginal costs. Deviations from marginal cost in the second step are shown to depend on their revenue raising, distortionary, and distributional effects. The author argues that it is better to raise prices above marginal cost through taxes than by raising the price received by the enterprise. The author describes how to set charges in the face of metering difficulties, stressing the need to set unifrom charges and to make indirect charges on inputs.
Encyclopedia of Chromatography (2005)

Additives in Biopolymers, Analysis by Chromatographic Techniques Adhesion of Colloids on Solid Surfaces by Field-Flow Fractionation Advances in Chiral Pollutants Analysis by Capillary Electrophoresis Biopharmaceuticals by Capillary Electrophoresis Biotic Dicarboxylic Acids, CCC Separation with Polar Two-Phase Solvent Systems Using a Cross-Axis Coil Planet Centrifuge Calibration of GPC-SEC with Narrow Molecular-Weight Distribution Standards Capillary Electrophoresis in Nonaqueous Media Capillary Isoelectric Focusing of Peptides, Proteins, and Antibodies Ceramides: Analysis by Thin-Layer Chromatography Electro-osmotic Flow Nonuniformity: Influence on Efficiency of Capillary Electrophoresis Enantioseparation by Capillary Electrochromatography Environmental Pollutants Analysis by Capillary Electrophoresis Fluorescence Detection in Capillary Electrophoresis Histidine in Body Fluids, Specific Determination by HPLC Injection Techniques for Capillary Electrophoresis Laser-Induced Fluorescence Detection for Capillary Electrophoresis Metals and Organometallics: Gas Chromatography for Speciation and Analysis
Second-order torque components in the Schrage motor operating at synchronous speed (1956)

The operation of a Schrage motor at synchronous speed is considered, and on the assumption that the air-gap flux at this speed contains space harmonics, an expression for the torque in terms of flux-axis position is derived. This shows that the torque consists of the main component, which is constant for constant brush separation, and variable components depending on (a) unbalance in the secondary circuits owing to errors in brush-separation angles and/or unequal secondary resistances, and (b) the assumed space harmonics of flux. The variable torque components give rise to superimposed speed oscillations and primary-current hunting, when the average speed is just above or below synchronism.An experimental method of investigating the torque is then given, together with two methods of measuring the harmonic content of the air-gap flux. The latter measurements are used to predict the amount by which the total torque varies with the air-gap flux-axis position at synchronous speed.Possible errors are discussed, and an approximate correction for non-linearity due to the brush-contact effect is derived and applied.Experimental results given for a 2-phase machine show reasonable agreement with the theory.
Nitroglycerin loss from intravenous solutions administered with a volumetric infusion pump (1982)

Journal Article Nitroglycerin loss from intravenous solutions administered with a volumetric infusion pump Get access John V. St. Peter, John V. St. Peter pharmacy intern St. Patrick Hospital, Missoula, MT Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Todd G. Cochran, Ph.D. Todd G. Cochran, Ph.D. Associate Professor School of Pharmacy, University of Montana, Missoula Address reprint requests to Dr. Cochran at theSchool of Pharmacy, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, Volume 39, Issue 8, 1 August 1982, Pages 1328–1330, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/39.8.1328 Published: 01 August 1982
Treatment of Functional Dyspepsia with a Herbal Preparation (2004)

In patients with functional dyspepsia, the herbal preparation tested improved dyspeptic symptoms significantly better than placebo.
N-acetyl cysteine ameliorates ischemic renal failure (1997)

Recovery from ischemic renal injury is accompanied by enhanced DNA synthesis and a typical immediate early (IE) gene response. These two processes occur in distinct cell populations, suggesting that the IE gene response does not serve a proliferative function directly. As cellular stress induces an IE response through activation of the stress-activated protein kinases (SAPK) that is not proliferative and can be inhibited by N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), we determined whether the Jun NH2-terminal kinases (JNK), members of the SAPKs, are activated during ischemia and whether NAC administration reduces the IE response and/or the induction of JNK activity. NAC (6 mM/kg body wt) infused 1 h prior to and 1 h following renal ischemia reduced c-fos and c-jun expression by 50 and 70%, respectively. Ischemia increased JNK activity, and this increase was inhibited by NAC. NAC infused animals had a higher glomerular filtration rate at 1 day (NAC, 0.9 +/- 0.2, vs. control, 0.05 +/- 0.01 ml/min, P < 0.001) and 7 days (NAC, 2.0 +/- 0.1, vs. control, 1.2 +/- 0.1, P < 0.001) after the induction of ischemia. NAC did not reduce the extent of proximal tubule necrosis at 24 h after reperfusion but improved histological appearance of the kidney at 7 days. The mechanism by which NAC ameliorates the loss of renal function is unknown but may involve its general properties as an antioxidant or a possible interaction with NAC and NO. We conclude that the IE gene response of the kidney to ischemia reperfusion is a consequence of the stress-activated kinase pathway and that part of the response is deleterious to kidney function and cellular integrity.
Are there markers of the blood-vessel wall interaction and of thrombus formation that can be used clinically? (1990)

The interaction between blood factors and the vessel wall is important in the development of common cardiovascular diseases. Clinical markers of these interactions should be sought to help in the understanding of the processes involved, and such markers should ideally be available to identify people at risk from the disease, screen relatives, help identify appropriate treatment, and monitor the outcome of the therapy. Various aspects of platelet interaction with the vessel wall can be used, as can some changes in levels of coagulation factors, fibrinolytic proteins, and natural anticoagulants. All have their advantages and disadvantages in terms of having the attributes of the ideal marker that would identify the pathophysiological processes and be reproducible, inexpensive, and easy to perform. This review will consider the value of various clinical markers, taking account of their advantages and disadvantages.
Investigation of harmonic filtering for the state-of-the-art variable speed drives (2009)

State-of-the-art low voltage (LV) medium and high power variable speed drives are voltage source converters. Frequently, frond-end stage is a diode rectifier. To reduce the amount of input current harmonics multi-pulse rectifiers are used. Due to the high cost of active front-end and the specific transformer requirements of multi-pulse rectification, alternative harmonic filtering solutions are sought. In this paper, the performance of several techniques, proposed for harmonic filtering, is analyzed in view of LV drive application. It is shown that regardless of the proposed solution, harmonic filtering presents additional design requirements to the drive system and compliance with harmonic standards challenges the harmonic filter design in terms of capacitor current capability.
From Incident Reports to Improvement Recommendations: Analyzing IT Help Desk Data (2014)

Most help desk operations keep records on incidents and how they are resolved. Rarely are these analyzed with respect to recommendations for improvements. At the same time, improvements have the potential to decrease costs of helpdesk operations and increase effectiveness. We analyzed incident reports of two products (one incident prone, the other not incident prone) used at a major, multinational corporation at which one of the authors works. We were able to derive several recommendations for improvements of help desk operations.
Deficits in elevating membrane potential of rat fibrosarcoma cells after cell contact. (1985)

Most cancer cells are known to have lower resting cellular potentials than do their normal counterparts. This study investigates how these potentials establish themselves during growth and cellular contact in tissue culture. Normal quail embryonic fibroblasts and quail fibrosarcoma (QT-35) and normal rat kidney cells and rat fibrosarcoma (from rat fibroblasts chemically transformed by nitroquinoline oxide) were recorded intracellularly using high-impedance micropipets. In high-density high-contact cultures, both quail and rat cancer cells had lower potentials than did normal cells (-20.7 compared to -40.1 mV for quail and -30.7 compared to -61.9 mV for rat). In low-density mitotically synchronous cultures, the rat cells were recorded every 4 hr for 96 hr. Starting at a low density, normal cell membrane potential is maintained at a low level through subsequent cell divisions. Without any additional change in cell density, the potential suddenly elevates to a high level. The membrane potential of cancer cells is by contrast unrelated either to cell density or to time. Cancer cells maintained an intermediate potential from low to very high densities and never elevated their potential to high values. The failure of cancer cells to reach high potentials may be linked to their uncontrolled cell division.
鲍波尔的哲学观与政治观——与卡尔·鲍波尔的对话 (1980)

玛:卡尔爵士,从我们以前的谈话中,我知道您把当一位哲学家看作是某种需要辩解的事情,为什么? 鲍:是的,我不能为自己被称为哲学家而自豪。玛:这说起来有点奇怪。您为什么这样说呢? 鲍:在漫长的哲学史上,使我感到羞愧的哲学争论,比使我感到自豪的哲学争论,要多得多。玛:您能举出一个当代的例子来说明哪种未经批判的教条需要加以批判性检查吗? 鲍:我认为有一种哲学观点很有影响,这就是,当社会上出现某种“坏事”,如战争、贫穷、失业这些我们厌恶的事情时,这准是某些坏念头、
Effectiveness of intermittent pneumatic leg compression for preventing deep vein thrombosis after total hip replacement (1990)

A randomized trial was performed in consecutive patients undergoing total hip replacement to evaluate the effectiveness of sequential intermittent calf and thigh compression for preventing venous thrombosis compared with a control group given no prophylaxis. Both groups underwent case finding for deep vein thrombosis using combined fibrinogen I 125 leg scanning, impedance plethysmography, and venography. Deep vein thrombosis by venography was present in 77 (49%) of 158 control patients compared with 36 (24%) of 152 patients given intermittent compression. Proximal vein thrombosis was present in 42 controls (27%) compared with 22 patients (14%) given intermittent compression. Combined impedance plethysmography and leg scanning was insensitive in this patient group (sensitivity, 46%); venography was required to detect more than half the patients with venous thrombosis. Sequential intermittent leg compression clinically and statistically significantly reduced the frequency of both proximal vein and calf vein thrombosis. Case finding resulted in early detection and treatment of patients with venous thrombosis. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;263:2313-2317)
In vivo tracking of neuronal-like cells by magnetic resonance in rabbit models of spinal cord injury. (2013)

In vitro experiments have demonstrated that neuronal-like cells derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can survive, migrate, integrate and help to restore the function and behaviors of spinal cord injury models, and that they may serve as a suitable approach to treating spinal cord injury. However, it is very difficult to track transplanted cells in vivo. In this study, we injected superparamagnetic iron oxide-labeled neuronal-like cells into the subarachnoid space in a rabbit model of spinal cord injury. At 7 days after cell transplantation, a small number of dot-shaped low signal intensity shadows were observed in the spinal cord injury region, and at 14 days, the number of these shadows increased on T2-weighted imaging. Perl's Prussian blue staining detected dot-shaped low signal intensity shadows in the spinal cord injury region, indicative of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle-labeled cells. These findings suggest that transplanted neuronal-like cells derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can migrate to the spinal cord injury region and can be tracked by magnetic resonance in vivo. Magnetic resonance imaging represents an efficient noninvasive technique for visually tracking transplanted cells in vivo.
Following the Developments of the World,Devoting to the Study on the Earth Gravity Field (2001)

The study of the theories and methods of the earth gravity field by the author and his colleagues follows the developments of the world,and the research results with theoritical significance and practical value are systematically described to the point.
ROCK Mediates Phorbol Ester-induced Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells via p21Cip1 Up-regulation and JNK (2009)

It is established that androgen-dependent prostate cancer cells undergo apoptosis upon treatment with phorbol esters and related analogs, an effect primarily mediated by PKCdelta. Treatment of LNCaP prostate cancer cells with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) causes a strong and sustained activation of RhoA and its downstream effector ROCK (Rho kinase) as well as the formation of stress fibers. These effects are impaired in cells subjected to PKCdelta RNA interference depletion. Functional studies revealed that expression of a dominant negative RhoA mutant or treatment with the ROCK inhibitor Y-27632 inhibits the apoptotic effect of PMA in LNCaP cells. Remarkably, the cytoskeleton inhibitors cytochalasin B and blebbistatin blocked not only PMA-induced apoptosis but also the activation of JNK, a mediator of the cell death effect by the phorbol ester. In addition, we found that up-regulation of the cell cycle inhibitor p21(Cip1) is required for PMA-induced apoptosis and that inhibitors of ROCK or the cytoskeleton organization prevent p21(Cip1) induction. Real time PCR analysis and reporter gene assay revealed that PMA induces p21(Cip1) transcriptionally in a ROCK- and cytoskeleton-dependent manner. p21(Cip1) promoter analysis revealed that PMA induction is dependent on Sp1 elements in the p21(Cip1) promoter but independent of p53. Taken together, our studies implicate ROCK-mediated up-regulation of p21(Cip1) and the cytoskeleton in PKCdelta-dependent apoptosis in prostate cancer cells.
A study of the invariance properties of textural features in SAR images (2002)

Compares the performance of a number of different texture features for SAR image analysis. These features are derived from the gray-level co-occurrence matrix, local statistics, and lognormal random field models. The features are compared based on: (i) their invariance or robustness with respect to natural changes in SAR signatures; and (ii) their discrimination ability and classification accuracy. The invariance of the texture features is investigated on a set of 13 ERS-1 SAR images of the same scene, captured under different conditions. Two main conclusions can be drawn from this study: (i) the texture features are not invariant with respect to natural changes in the mean backscatter values; and (ii) texture fusion and selection by combining texture features obtained by different models significantly improve the classification accuracy.
New method of providing coupling between resonators in an electromechanical filter (1966)

A piezoelectric resonator may possess a resonant mode in which an evanescent wave exists in the material outside the electroded region. The theoretical results presented here demonstrate that two or more such regions may be coupled in a manner suitable for application to an electromechanical filter operating at frequencies in the megacycles-per-second range.
A Risk‐Based Approach to Setting Priorities in Protecting Bridges Against Terrorist Attacks (2004)

This article presents an approach to the problem of terrorism risk assessment and management by adapting the framework of the risk filtering, ranking, and management method. The assessment is conducted at two levels: (1) the system level, and (2) the asset-specific level. The system-level risk assessment attempts to identify and prioritize critical infrastructures from an inventory of system assets. The definition of critical infrastructures offered by Presidential Decision Directive 63 was used to determine the set of attributes to identify critical assets--categorized according to national, regional, and local impact. An example application is demonstrated using information from the Federal Highway Administration National Bridge Inventory for the State of Virginia. Conversely, the asset-specific risk assessment performs an in-depth analysis of the threats and vulnerabilities of a specific critical infrastructure. An illustration is presented to offer some insights in risk scenario identification and prioritization, multiobjective evaluation of management options, and extreme-event analysis for critical infrastructure protection.
Quality and Quantity (1990)

This book, first published in 1991, examines in detail how eugenics in early twentieth-century France provided a broad cover for a variety of reform movements that attempted to bring about the biological regeneration of the French population. Like several other societies during this period, France showed a growing interest in natalist, neo-Larmarckian, social hygiene, racist, and other biologically based movements as a response to the perception that French society was in a state of decline and degeneration. William Schneider's study provides a fascinating account of attempts to apply new discoveries in biology and medicine toward the improvement in the inherited biological quality of the population through such measures as birth control, premarital examinations, sterilization, and immigration restriction. It is the first attempt to set forth the major components of French eugenics both for comparison with other countries and to show the interaction of the various movements that comprised it.
The <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$\hbox{1}/f$</tex></formula> Noise and Random Telegraph Noise Characteristics in Floating-Gate <emphasis emphasistype="smcaps">nand</emphasis> Flash Memories (2009)

We have characterized low-frequency noise (LFN) such as 1/ <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">f</i> noise and random telegraph noise (RTN) in a NAND flash memory cell string for the first time and shown its fundamental properties. The NAND flash memory cells showed specific LFN characteristics under various conditions such as bit-line bias, word-line bias of a selected cell, and pass bias of the unselected cells in the NAND string. Also, LFN was investigated with the program/erase (P/E) cycling of a cell or all cells in a string, and maximum threshold voltage fluctuation of several tens of millivolts after ~100 000 cycles at the 70-nm technology node was shown. Finally, we predicted the effects of LFN in sub-70-nm NAND flash memories.
A CONTROLLED HYBRID BETWEEN SITANION HYSTRIX AND AGROPYRON TRACHYCAULUM (1963)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Comparison of Drop-Weight and Instrumented Charpy Impact Test Results for Irradiated RPV Steels (1994)

Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV) steels of different chemistry and specification were irradiated in the FRJ-1 research reactor at various neutron fluences. The irradiation temperature was 288°C. The results of instrumented impact tests of normal Charpy V specimens and the results of drop-weight tests are reported. Load signals of instrumented impact tests were evaluated and the transition temperatures of the different energy fractions were compared with the related Nil Ductility Transition Temperature (NDTT) measured by the drop-weight tests. It is shown that the NDTT is coupled with the impact energy fraction describing the ductile behaviour of the impact test. NDTT and RTNDT can be evaluated from the instrumented Charpy test alone. This requires testing temperatures to be achieved at which the total impact energy does not/does contain energy of the ductility fraction — similar to the break/no break criterion of the drop-weight test.