gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
단위가축영양 : 실험실 분석에 의한 젖소사료의 영양가치 평가 : 현장연구 (1996)

This study was carried out to investigate a feed evaluation. The feeds were collected from 11 dairy farms in Iowa, USA and from 10 dairy farms in KyongBuk province, Korea for four or five months to analyze nutrient contents. The results are as foVows. 1) Suc dairy farms among eleven farms in Iowa fed more than three different roughage, while only 2 dairy farms out of 10 farms in KyongBuk Province utilized 2 different roughages sources. Types of roughages for Iowa dairy farmers were various sources such as com silage, alfalfa hay, alfalfa silage and alfalfa haylage, while rice straw was the main roughage for the dairy farmers in KyongBuk province. 2) Eleven dairy farmers in Iowa used total mixed rations (TMR) for their dairy cows which were supplemented with buffer, or / and niacin or / and oil. Grain rations mixed in feed companies were the only source for gain diets in dairy farms of KyongBuk province except one farm which added the ground corn to its grain ration. 3) Values of Neutral Detergent F~ber(NDF), Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF) and Acid Detergent Insoluble Crude Protein(ADICP) of roughages from Iowa dairy farms were lower than those of roughages from KyongBuk province, while the values of Net Energy Lactation (NEl), Total Digestible Nutrients(TDN) and Neutral Detergent Insoluble Crude Protein(NDICP) of roughages from Iowa dairy farms were higher than those of roughages from KyongBuk Province. 4) Contents of Dry Matter(DM), Dry Matter Intake(DMI), Digestible Dry Matter(DDM), and Digestible Dry Matter Intake(DDMI) of roughages from Iowa were higher than those from KyongBuk Province. Relative Feed Value(RFV) in Iowa was better than that of KyongBuk Province. 5) Values of Non-Fiber Carbohydrate(NFC), NEI and TDN of grain diets from Iowa were higher, but values of DM, NDF and ADF of grain diets were lower. Total carbohydrate(CHO) value was similar between in Iowa and in KyongBuk Province. 6) Amounts of Crude protein(CP), Digestible protein(DP) and degradable protein of roughage from Iowa were higher than those of KyongBuk Province, while values of soluble protein and undegradable protein of roughage from Iowa were lower than those of KyongBuk Province. 7) Contents of soluble protein and degradable protein of grain diets from Iowa were higher than those of KyongBuk Province, but lower in the undegradable protein and CP. 8) There were no big differences in contents for crude ash, calcium and phosphorus in roughages and grain diets except calcium content of roughage from Iowa which was higher than that of KyongBuk Province.
An Empirical Comparison of Supervised Ensemble Learning Approaches (2013)

International audience
A new underwater acoustic communication system based on fractional Fourier transform (2010)

A new underwater acoustic (UWA) communication system is proposed based on fractional Fourier transform (FRFT) for complex condition of underwater environment. Because of using chirp-basis function in FRFT, this communication mode uses linear frequency modulation (LFM) as carrier signal of transmitted information, which has good anti-jamming capability. The code elements were divided into groups in time-domain and the transmitted information was decoded by using pulse position modulation (PPM) in fractional domain in this scheme. The method of inserting guard interval (GI) in transmitted signal and the Rake receiver was presented to suppress the UWA channel's multi-path effect which could lead to intersymbol interference (ISI). The information rate is up to 800 bit/s and the feasibility and the robustness of this system were validated through the experimental results, which is helpful for UWA communication of Unmanned Underwater Vehicle (UUV) in complex working environment.
Reactivity of MEST-1 (Antigalactofuranose) with <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i> Glycosylinositol Phosphorylceramides (GIPCs): Immunolocalization of GIPCs in Acidic Vesicles of Epimastigotes (2001)

Using confocal microscopy, MEST-1-positive immunofluorescence was observed within various Trypanosoma cruzi forms, except in cell-derived trypomastigotes. Glycosylinositol phosphorylceramides were identified by thin-layer chromatography immunostaining as the antigens recognized by MEST-1 in these parasites. In epimastigotes, labeling of MEST-1 coincided with acidic vesicles, indicating an internal localization of these glycoconjugates.
News From the Front (2011)

Nursing Administration Quarterly: July/September 2011 - Volume 35 - Issue 3 - p 287-288 doi: 10.1097/NAQ.0b013e318213eafc
Kinetic Predictive Techniques Applied to Lignocaine Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (1983)

As lignocaine clearance is influenced by factors such as cardiac failure and liver impairment, clinical pharmacokinetic principles should be used to account for kinetic variability so that target concentrations are achieved consistently throughout the course of intravenous therapy. Two groups of patients with ischaemic heart disease, who received lignocaine, were studied: a control group with no feedback or intervention from therapeutic drug monitoring, and an intervention group in which strict guidelines for lignocaine administration were introduced. Lignocaine plasma concentrations were measured by EMIT (Syva), and rapid feedback of concentration data in the intervention group allowed adjustment of infusion rates using the Chiou equation. The mean concentration in the intervention group remained within the therapeutic range (2-5 micrograms/ml) at all times, whereas it exceeded 5 micrograms/ml after the first 7 h in the control group. The distribution of concentrations in the intervention group was always narrower than that in the control group. The study also included a comparison of the ability of the Chiou equation and a Bayesian optimisation procedure to estimate pharmacokinetic parameters and to forecast lignocaine concentrations over various periods of time. There was no significant difference between prediction errors determined by the two methods at various points throughout a 32-h period; both methods were associated with a negative prediction bias beyond the first 12 h of infusion. It is likely that this reflects assumptions made about lignocaine clearance and indicates the need for more sophisticated kinetic models.
Relationship Between Catalyst Preparation and Characterization (1989)

Catalytic processes are used throughout the world as an integral part of an industrialized nation's economy. Commercial use of catalysts in the United States during 1987 was well over $1.5 billion dollars and is expected to approach $2 billion by 1992 (1). Just over one third of this is used by the petroleum industry with the remaining two-thirds shared among the chemical, automotive, and pollution control industries. Of the $590 million dollars spent on petroleum catalysts in 1987, about $270 million were spent on catalytic cracking, $175 million for alkylation, $75 million for hydrotreating and $70 million split among hydrocracking, reforming, and isomerization. With the exception of alkylation catalysts (HF and H2SO4), all are specialty heterogenous catalysts designed specifically for use in a particular process. A recent survey (2) listed nearly 1000 different catalysts available from 31 suppliers. Ninety-four new or modified catalysts were introduced during 1987 and half of
Efficient 6-DOF SLAM with Treemap as a Generic Backend (2007)

Treemap is a generic SLAM algorithm that has been successfully used to estimate extremely large 2D maps closing a loop over a million landmarks in 442ms. We are currently working on an open-source implementation that can handle most variants of SLAM. In this paper we discuss the generic part of the algorithm constituting the treemap backend and the variant specific parts acting as a driver. We present their interplay from a software-engineering point of view and show results for the case of 6-DOF feature based SLAM, closing a simulated loop over 106657 3D features in 209ms.
Space-Charge-Limited Currents in Organic Crystals (1962)

Electrical conductivity measurements were performed with thin (50 μ) single crystals of p-terphenyl, p-quaterphenyl, and anthracene supplied with aqueous electrodes, one of which was an iodine-iodide solution (acceptor electrode), and the other an iodide solution. The results strongly indicate that the acceptor electrode can form ohmic contact for hole injection into these crystals and that space-charge-limited currents can be drawn through them. The crystals were found to contain hole-trapping states the location-in-energy of which can be approximated by a decreasing exponential distribution above the valence band. The measurements showed that the hole mobility in p-terphenyl is about 3×10−2 cm2/v sec, is independent of the field at least up to about 4×104 v/cm, and that the hole-trap concentration is at least 1013 cm−3. The acceptor electrode used does not form ohmic contact to crystals of naphthalene and diphenyl; an explanation for this is proposed. Some theoretical aspects of ohmic contact formation to organic crystals and space-charge-limited current flow in insulators are also discussed.
Effect of addition of anaerobic fermented OFMSW (organic fraction of municipal solid waste) on biological nutrient removal (BNR) process: preliminary results (1998)

The paper presents results coming from experiments on pilot scale plants about the possibility to integrate the organic waste and wastewater treatment cycles, using the light organic fraction produced via anaerobic fermentation of OFMSW as RBCOD source for BNR processes. The effluent from the anaerobic fermentation process, with an average content of 20 g/l of VFA+ lactic acid was added to wastewater to be treated in order to increase RBCOD content of about 60-70 mg/l. The results obtained in the BNR process through the addition of the effluent from the fermentation unit are presented. Significant increase of denitrification rate was obtained: 0.06 KgN-NO3/KgVSS d were denitrified in the best operative conditions studied. -Vmax shows values close to those typical of the pure methanol addition (about 0.3 KgN-NO3/KgVSS d). A considerable P release (35%) was observed in the anaerobic step of the BNR process, even if not yet a completely developed P removal process.
MRI simulation-based evaluation of image-processing and classification methods (1999)

With the increased interest in computer-aided image analysis methods, there is a greater need for objective methods of algorithm evaluation. Validation of in vivo MRI studies is complicated by a lack of reference data and the difficulty of constructing anatomically realistic physical phantoms. We present here an extensible MRI simulator that efficiently generates realistic three-dimensional (3-D) brain images using a hybrid Bloch equation and tissue template simulation that accounts for image contrast, partial volume, and noise. This allows image analysis methods to be evaluated with controlled degradations of image data.
Adaptive and reliable binding in ambient service systems (2011)

Supported by an automated runtime management system even critical applications, like healthcare applications, can be build upon the interaction with ambient services. They are provided by mobile resource-constrained devices and subject to frequently changing environmental conditions and exceptions. The runtime management has to ensure stable bindings between interacting services and applications, thus it has to provide the monitoring and control functionality necessary for binding reconfiguration and adaption. Furthermore, due to the resource restriction of mobile devices like, for example mobile phones, such a management system must have a small footprint to be implementable on these devices. To realize a management system fulfilling these requirements, we follow the approach of model-based management which divides the overall management process in a planning phase and a runtime phase. This paper concentrates on the presentation of how bindings and their management are planned and how the binding policies governing the management are derived in the planning phase. Furthermore, it gives an overview of how these low-level binding policies are enforced in the runtime phase.
Uptake of Dipeptides Containing Basic and Acidic Amino Acids by Rat Small Intestine <i>in Vitro</i> (1972)

1. The characteristics of transport and hydrolysis of twenty-two dipeptides containing basic and acidic amino acids by rat ileal rings were investigated in vitro. The peptides included combinations of basic and neutral, basic and basic, basic and acidic, acidic and acidic, and acidic and neutral amino acids. 2. All peptides studied were removed intact from the bulk phase of the incubation medium, though, in general, only free amino acids appeared in the tissue. Uptake of one or both constituent amino acids was greater from the peptide than from the equivalent amino acid or amino acid mixture in the case of at least one peptide from each group and in eighteen of the twenty-two peptides studied. In general, there was no relationship between the extent of uptake of amino acids from peptides and the extent of their hydrolysis by the system. The results support the hypothesis that there is more than one mode of uptake of amino acids from peptides. 3. Hydrolysis of γ-glutamyl-l-glutamic acid by intact intestine or intestinal homogenate was slight, and intact peptide was taken up by the tissue. Uptake of free glutamic acid from this peptide was poor. Comparison of γ-glutamyl-l-glutamic acid with three other slowly hydrolysed dipeptides, glycyl-d-valine, sarcosylglycine and glycylsarcosine, suggested that all four were transported into the mucosal cells and hydrolysed intracellularly. The results indicate that the presence of a γ-linkage or a d-amino acid, or methylation of the free amino group as in sarcosylglycine, impair both transport and hydrolysis of peptide, but that attachment of a methyl group to the N of the peptide bond, as in glycylsarcosine, impairs hydrolysis but has no effect on peptide transport. 4. l-Aspartic acid and l-glutamic acid were extensively transaminated by the intestine, whether presented as free amino acids or in peptides. Evidence was obtained suggesting that production of alanine from aspartic acid resulted from direct transamination of aspartic acid with pyruvic acid, rather than from a sequence of two reactions involving aspartate and alanine aminotransferases. 5. The results show that more rapid uptake of amino acids from peptides than from free amino acids is not confined to peptides made up of neutral amino acids, and probably occurs with many small peptides. Uptake of lysine and the dicarboxylic amino acids, which are particularly slowly absorbed from free solution, was much greater from several dipeptides than from the free amino acids. The results suggest the importance of mucosal peptide uptake in protein absorption.
Mouse p63 variants and chondrogenesis. (2013)

As a critical member of the p53 family of transcription factors, p63 has been implicated a role in development than in tumor formation, because p63 is seldom mutated in human cancers, while p63 null mice exhibit severe developmental abnormalities without increasing cancer susceptibility. Notably, besides the major epithelial and cardiac defect, p63 deficient mice show severe limb and craniofacial abnormalities. In addition, humans with p63 mutations also show severe limb and digit defects, suggesting a putative role of p63 in skeletal development. There are eight p63 variants which encode for the TAp63 and ΔNp63 isoforms by alternative promoters. How these isoforms function during skeletal development is currently largely unknown. Our recent transgenic studies suggest a role of TAP63α, but not ΔNP63α, during embryonic long bone development. However, the moderate skeletal phenotypes in the TAP63α transgenic mice suggest requirement of additional p63 isoform(s) for the limb defects in p63 null mice. Here, we report analysis of mouse p63 variants in MCT and ATDC5 cells, two cell models undergo hypertrophic differentiation and mimic the process of endochondral bone formation upon growth arrest or induction. We detected increased level of p63 variants in hypertrophic MCT cells by regular RT-PCR analysis. Further analysis by qRT-PCR, we detected significantly upregulated level of γ variant (p<0.05), but not α or β variant (p>0.05), in hypertrophic MCT cells than in proliferative MCT cells. Moreover, we detected upregulated TAP63γ in ATDC5 cells undergoing hypertrophic differentiation. Our results suggest that TAp63γ plays a positive role during endochondral bone formation.
A clinical trial of a slow‐release formulation of acetylsalicylic acid in patients at risk for preeclampsia. (1993)

The formation of thromboxane A2 (TXA2) in maternal and foetal cord serum was measured at birth in eight control patients and in 13 patients taking 100 mg of a slow-release formulation of acetylsalicylic acid. The serum concentrations of TXB2 (a stable end product of TXA2 hydrolysis) in both maternal and cord serum from patients who ingested the acetylsalicylic acid formulation were significantly lower (P < 0.01) than those in control subjects. Acetylsalicylic acid was not detected (< 30 ng ml-1) in maternal plasma from six mothers and in cord plasma from seven foetuses in the acetylsalicylic acid-treated group. The mean cord to maternal plasma concentration ratios for detectable acetylsalicylic acid and salicylate were 0.62 +/- 0.19 (s.d.) (n = 6) and 0.84 +/- 0.16 (n = 13), respectively. We conclude that low doses of acetylsalicylic acid given in a slow-release form to mothers during pregnancy cause depression of TXA2 formation in the foetal blood.
Venous ophthalmodynamometry: a noninvasive method for assessment of intracranial pressure (2000)

Object. The goal of this study was to examine the potential use of ophthalmodynamometry in the noninvasive assessment of intracranial pressure (ICP). Under normal conditions, pressure within the central retinal vein is equal to or greater than ICP, because the central retinal vein passes through the optic nerve before it drains into the cavernous sinus. The optic nerve sheath is the place where ICP affects retinal venous pressure. Suction ophthalmodynamometry is an established method of investigation in ophthalmology to determine the pressure of the central retinal artery. Although observations of papilledema and lack of venous pulsations are commonly used to provide a vague assessment of ICP, ophthalmodynamometry may be used to determine the pressure of the central retinal vein. This venous pressure has never been compared with ICP. Methods. In this study the pressure of the central retinal vein was recorded in 22 patients who underwent continuous simultaneous registration of ICP for various reasons, mainly for suspected hydrocephalus. A comparison of the two pressures was made. The results indicated a highly significant linear correlation between central retinal vein pressure and ICP. These results are of great practical value because up-to-date reliable ICP monitoring has only been possible by using invasive means, by placing a probe extradurally or subdurally into the brain parenchyma or a ventricle. Conclusions. Ophthalmodynamometry can be relevant for momentary assessment and is not suitable for continuous monitoring. However, this technique can easily be repeated and may be used whenever increased ICP is suspected in a patient suffering from hydrocephalus, brain tumors, or head injury.
Comparison of different metronidazole therapeutic regimens for bacterial vaginosis. A meta-analysis (1992)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To evaluate the treatment of bacterial vaginosis with metronidazole to determine if there is a therapeutic regimen that is superior to all others with regard to cure and recurrence rates. <h3>Data Sources.</h3> —Computer-assisted literature search, Medical Subject Index review, and references cited in articles identified. <h3>Study Selection.</h3> —Clinical trials comparing different oral metronidazole regimens in which diagnostic criteria for bacterial vaginosis and criteria to detect cure to treatment were described. <h3>Data Extraction.</h3> —Articles that met inclusion criteria were critically appraised and those that passed were included in the analysis. Of 52 initial articles, 10 met criteria for inclusion and passed critical appraisal. <h3>Data Synthesis.</h3> —Patients were divided in groups according to the duration of therapy received: group A (n=413), 2-g single dose; group B (n=193), 2-g single daily dose for 2 days; group C (n=317), 5 days; and group D (n=280), 7 days. Cure rates on initial evaluation for the groups were 85%, 87%, 86%, and 87%, respectively. χ<sup>2</sup>Contingency table analysis showed no significant difference in cure rates among the groups (<i>P</i>=.78). Only 465 of these patients were evaluated for recurrence of disease. There was no significant difference in cure rates after 4 weeks of therapy (<i>P</i>=.4). <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —A 2-g single-dose metronidazole regimen is as effective as a single daily dose given for 2 days or a 5-day course or a 7-day course. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;268:92-95)
A Study on the Ill-posed Inverse Problem of Two-dimensional Waves due to Pressure Distribution Using Regularization Method (1999)

In this paper, the ill-posed inverse problem of surface waves caused by a two-dimensional pulsating pressure distribution on the free surface is studied using the regularization method. In order to exemplify the method, a cosine pressure distribution on a limited range of the undisturbed free surface is considered. By taking the resulting horizontal velocity as input data, the corresponding pressure is determined numerically by three different regularization schemes. It is found that the iterated Tikhonov method provides with the most accurate result, while solutions obtained from the Landweber-Friedman regularization are most stable.
Efficacy and Safety of an Oral Ambroxol Spray in the Treatment of Acute Uncomplicated Sore Throat (2015)

10 mg AXS showed a statistically significantly superior pain reduction relative to the placebo spray. Treatment with 10 mg AXS reaches an extent of pain relief that can be accepted to be clinically meaningful and was well tolerated.
Adaptive Behavior Generation for Autonomous Driving using Deep Reinforcement Learning with Compact Semantic States (2018)

Making the right decision in traffic is a challenging task that is highly dependent on individual preferences as well as the surrounding environment. Therefore it is hard to model solely based on expert knowledge. In this work we use Deep Reinforcement Learning to learn maneuver decisions based on a compact semantic state representation. This ensures a consistent model of the environment across scenarios as well as a behavior adaptation function, enabling on-line changes of desired behaviors without re-training. The input for the neural network is a simulated object list similar to that of Radar or Lidar sensors, superimposed by a relational semantic scene description. The state as well as the reward are extended by a behavior adaptation function and a parameterization respectively. With little expert knowledge and a set of mid-level actions, it can be seen that the agent is capable to adhere to traffic rules and learns to drive safely in a variety of situations.
2014年“云”战争 (2014)

2013年12月,谷歌公司推出了其新的云平台;2014年1月,亚马逊公司推出了约100项其最流行的云服务,供免费试用;2014年2月,微软公司任命前云和企业组负责人Satya Nadella为其新的CEO. 云战争“战云密布” 所有这些变化都预示着“云战争”将越来越激烈,三大科技巨头“秀肌肉”,意欲主导利润丰厚的云市场.