gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Studies of the wind filtering effect of gravity waves observed at Allahabad (25.45°N, 81.85°E) in India (2010)

Well-defined coherent wave sources associated with the passage of short-period gravity waves were observed in all-sky images of OH emission on a total 21 occasions during January to May 2008 at Allahabad (25.45°N, 81.85°E, dip lat ∼16.49°N) in India. The wave motions exhibited similar spatial and temporal properties during each month, but the north-east ward motions were distinctly dominant in April and May 2008. It is a well-known theory that the upward propagating gravity waves may be blocked or absorbed at a critical layer. We have computed the magnitude and direction of atmospheric gravity waves subject to blocking by horizontal winds, i.e., critical layer directional filtering. The HWM-93 model (Hedin et al., 1996) was used to compute the two components of neutral wind velocity at Allahabad for the period of observation of gravity waves during March and April 2008. Data from two components of wind velocity were then used to construct the blocking diagrams, which show the directions and apparent phase velocities of wave propagation blocked at a given altitude. The blocking diagrams were then compared with experimental observations of gravity waves in OH airglow to determine the accuracy of the wind model and explain the critical layer theory.
Relation to Copper of N-1, a Nonobligate Bacterial Predator (1987)

Nonobligate bacterial predator strain N-1 was highly resistant to copper. In fact, it required more than minimal amounts of copper to initiate growth, but not for growth that followed growth initiation. Strain N-1 made a peptide growth initiation factor (GIF) to marshal copper from its environment for growth initiation. Production of this GIF occurred before the onset of growth initiation, but production was shut down if excess copper was present. At high copper levels, the time required for onset of growth initiation was directly related to the amount of copper that was present. At low copper levels, a similar graded response occurred for increments of added GIF. Agromyces ramosus is a predator in its own right, but it also is a prey species for strain N-1. A. ramosus was found to be very sensitive to copper and to the copper GIF produced by N-1. It is possible that the copper GIF is the means used by N-1 to kill A. ramosus.
Activity of the Investigational Fluoroquinolone Finafloxacin against Ciprofloxacin-Sensitive and -Resistant <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> Isolates (2010)

This study compared the activity of finafloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone which shows enhanced activity under acidic pH, and that of ciprofloxacin against Acinetobacter baumannii under standard conditions (pH 7.2) and at a pH of 5.8. Overall, finafloxacin demonstrated superior activity to ciprofloxacin under acidic conditions. Furthermore, finafloxacin showed comparable activity to ciprofloxacin at pH 7.2. Hence, finafloxacin could be a promising new antimicrobial agent for the treatment of A. baumannii infections at acidic body compartments.
Rebuilding the Mozambique economy : assessment of a development partnership - country assistance review (1998)

This Country Assistance Review (CAR) contains preliminary brief evaluations of all the projects in the Bank's Mozambique portfolio, including ongoing operations. Mozambique has made remarkable progress in terms of financial stabilization, economic liberalization, and privatization. But problems inherited from the past remain unsolved: extreme poverty, weak institutions, dual economy, limited access to social services, and excessive concentration of economic growth among narrow segments of the country. The main conclusions of the CAR are: 1) The Bank should remain the lead agency in assisting the Government as it continues to develop the policies and capacities for economic governance. 2) Mozambique will continue to receive large aid flows from donors. 3) The Bank should deliver advisory and analytical services for sectoral and thematic programs in the context of the Government's own public expenditures management program and in close collaboration with UN agencies and lead donors. 4) The nature of Bank involvement in sectoral leadership should vary among sectors, depending on the Bank's own comparative advantages and proven performance, on the Government's preferences, and on donor comparative advantages.
Content that draws healthcare consumers. (2001)

Consumers want content that is relevant to their own health, and then want to do something with it. Providers can obtain content relatively cheaply, but the key to turning it into something valuable is to surround it with features that the consumers can really use.
DD-PREF: a language for expressing preferences over sets (2005)

In many application domains, it is useful to be able to represent and reason about a user’s preferences over sets of objects. We present a representation language, DD-PREF (for Diversity and Depth PREFerences), for specifying the desired diversity and depth of sets of objects where each object is represented as a vector of feature values. A strong diversity preference for a particular feature indicates that the user would like the set to include objects whose values are evenly dispersed across the range of possible values for that feature. A strong depth preference for a feature indicates that the user is interested in specific target values or ranges. Diversity and depth are complementary, but are not necessarily opposites. We define an objective function that, when maximized, identifies the subset of objects that best satisfies a statement of preferences in DD-PREF. Exhaustively searching the space of all possible subsets is intractable for large problem spaces; therefore, we also present an efficient greedy algorithm for generating preferred object subsets. We demonstrate the expressive power of DD-PREF and the performance of our greedy algorithm by encoding and applying qualitatively different preferences for multiple tasks on a blocks world data set. Finally, we provide experimental results for a collection of Mars rover images, demonstrating that we can successfully capture individual preferences of different users, and use them to retrieve high-quality image subsets.
Beta-succinyl-coenzyme A synthetase from Trichomonas vaginalis is a soluble hydrogenosomal protein with an amino-terminal sequence that resembles mitochondrial presequences (1992)

We describe studies directed toward understanding the biogenesis and origin of the hydrogenosome, an unusual organelle found exclusively in certain anaerobic eukaryotes that lack mitochondria. Hydrogenosomes are involved in fermentative carbohydrate metabolism and are proposed to have arisen through conversion of mitochondria or via endosymbiosis with an anaerobic bacterium. We cloned a gene encoding the beta subunit of the hydrogenosomal protein succinyl-coenzyme A synthetase (beta-SCS) and isolated the protein from Trichomonas vaginalis. The T. vaginalis beta-SCS gene encodes a protein with a calculated molecular mass of 43,980 Da that has 43% amino acid identity (65% similarity) with beta-SCS from Escherichia coli. The trichomonad protein partitions into the soluble fraction of hydrogenosomes treated with sodium carbonate at high pH, consistent with a matrix localization within the organelle. The protein is encoded by a multigene family composed of at least three members. Amino-terminal sequencing of beta-SCS purified from T. vaginalis hydrogenosomes shows that the mature protein lacks the first nine amino acids encoded in the gene. This apparent amino-terminal leader sequence is strikingly similar to that of another hydrogenosomal protein and to mitochondrial presequences.
The Multi-Level Action of Fatty Acids on Adiponectin Production by Fat Cells (2011)

Current epidemics of diabetes mellitus is largely caused by wide spread obesity. The best-established connection between obesity and insulin resistance is the elevated and/or dysregulated levels of circulating free fatty acids that cause and aggravate insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and other hazardous metabolic conditions. Here, we investigated the effect of a major dietary saturated fatty acid, palmitate, on the insulin-sensitizing adipokine adiponectin produced by cultured adipocytes. We have found that palmitate rapidly inhibits transcription of the adiponectin gene and the release of adiponectin from adipocytes. Adiponectin gene expression is controlled primarily by PPARγ and C/EBPα. Using mouse embryonic fibroblasts from C/EBPα-null mice, we have determined that the latter transcription factor may not solely mediate the inhibitory effect of palmitate on adiponectin transcription leaving PPARγ as a likely target of palmitate. In agreement with this model, palmitate increases phosphorylation of PPARγ on Ser273, and substitution of PPARγ for the unphosphorylated mutant Ser273Ala blocks the effect of palmitate on adiponectin transcription. The inhibitory effect of palmitate on adiponectin gene expression requires its intracellular metabolism via the acyl-CoA synthetase 1-mediated pathway. In addition, we found that palmitate stimulates degradation of intracellular adiponectin by lysosomes, and the lysosomal inhibitor, chloroquine, suppressed the effect of palmitate on adiponectin release from adipocytes. We present evidence suggesting that the intracellular sorting receptor, sortilin, plays an important role in targeting of adiponectin to lysosomes. Thus, palmitate not only decreases adiponectin expression at the level of transcription but may also stimulate lysosomal degradation of newly synthesized adiponectin.
Observational study of upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage in elderly patients given selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors or conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (2002)

This population based observational study found a lower short term risk of upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage for selective COX-2 inhibitors compared with non-selective NSAIDs.
Grundlagen (1973)

Die irreversiblen Prozesse lassen sich in zwei Klassen einteilen: chemische Reaktionen und Transportvorgänge. Relaxationsprozesse werden hierbei zu den chemischen Reaktionen gerechnet.
A formal approach to undo operations in programming languages (1986)

A framework is presented for adding a general Undo facility to programming languages. A discussion of relevant literature is provided to show that the idea of Undoing pervades several areas in computer science, and even other disciplines. A simple model of computation is introduced, and it is augmented with a minimal amount of additional structure needed for recovery and reversal. Two different interpretations of Undo are motivated with examples. Then, four primitives are defined in a language-independent manner; they are sufficient to support a wide range of Undo capability. Two of these primitives carry out state saving, and the others mirror the two versions of the Undo operation. Properties of and relationships between these primitives are explored, and there are some preliminary remarks on how one could implement a system based on this formalism. The main conclusion is that the notions of recovery and reversal of actions can become part of the programming process.
Fluorination of Perhalobenzenes with Potassium Fluoride in Polar Solvents (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFluorination of Perhalobenzenes with Potassium Fluoride in Polar SolventsG. W. Holbrook, L. A. Loree, and O. R. PierceCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1966, 31, 4, 1259–1261Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1966https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01342a066RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views170Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (399 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Facile Route for the Fabrication of Porous Hematite Nanoflowers:  Its Synthesis, Growth Mechanism, Application in the Lithium Ion Battery, and Magnetic and Photocatalytic Properties (2008)

In this work, a facile route using a simple solvothermal reaction and sequential calcinations to synthesize porous α-Fe2O3 flower-like nanostructures without employing templates or matrices for self-assembly is presented. The flower-like nanostructures are composed of nanosheets with a thickness of about 20 nm, which are characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Influencing factors such as the dosage of reactants and the solvents are systematically investigated. A possible formation mechanism for the flower-like nanostructure is proposed. A BET test shows that the product is porous and has a large surface area. The electrochemical, magnetic, and photocatalytic properties of the as-obtained α-Fe2O3 3D nanostructure are systematically investigated. The result shows that these properties are greatly affected by the porous structure.
Adaptive turbo code-multiplexed pilot channel estimation for MIMO MC-CDMA systems in highly time-variant propagation channels (2009)

In this work an adaptive channel estimation (CE) scheme is presented for multicarrier CDMA systems with multiple transmit and receive antennas. The scheme is based on orthogonal code-multiplexed pilots that are characterized as virtual users and their number is determined in an adaptive way, on a frame level, according to the propagation channel conditions. The unique underlying pattern of pilots is used for CE before the data despreading operation. In addition, an iterative architecture has been incorporated and operates either in interference cancellation mode, or in virtual user one achieving remarkable results with respect to the residual self-interference elimination produced by the superimposed signal and the deorthogonalization effects caused by the time-variant channel properties. Furthermore, a preamble part has been included in the system design as an option for an initial accurate channel estimation which consequently results in optimization of the resources not only with respect to the spreading codes used for pilots, but also to the number of iterations achieving overall high system robustness. The proposed architecture has been evaluated in realistic highly time-variant propagation channels (802.16e channel model of 3GPP.25.996/SCM definition) for various constellation formats and FEC modes with MT=2 Tx and MR=1,⋯,4 RX antennas operating in spatial diversity mode.
The Quinone-binding Site in Succinate-ubiquinone Reductase fromEscherichia coli (1998)

When purified ubiquinone (Q)-depleted succinate-ubiquinone reductase from Escherichia coli is photoaffinity-labeled with 3-azido-2-methyl-5-methoxy-[3H]6-geranyl-1,4-benzoquinone ([3H]azido-Q) followed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, radioactivity is found in the SdhC subunit, indicating that this subunit is responsible for ubiquinone binding. An [3H]azido-Q-linked peptide, with a retention time of 61.7 min, is obtained by high performance liquid chromatography of the protease K digest of [3H]azido-Q-labeled SdhC obtained from preparative SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis on labeled reductase. The partial N-terminal amino acid sequence of this peptide is NH2-TIRFPITAIASILHRVS-, corresponding to residues 17-33. The ubiquinone-binding domain in the proposed structural model of SdhC, constructed based on the hydropathy plot of the deduced amino acid sequence of this protein, is located at the N-terminal end toward the transmembrane helix I. To identify amino acid residues responsible for ubiquinone binding, substitution mutations at the putative ubiquinone-binding region of SdhC were generated and characterized. E. coli NM256 lacking genomic succinate-Q reductase genes was constructed and used to harbor the mutated succinate-Q reductase genes in a low copy number pRKD418 plasmid. Substitution of serine 27 of SdhC with alanine, cysteine, or threonine or substitution of arginine 31 with alanine, lysine, or histidine yields cells unable to grow aerobically in minimum medium with succinate as carbon source. Furthermore, little succinate-ubiquinone reductase activity and [3H]azido-Q uptake are detected in succinate-ubiquinone reductases prepared from these mutant cells grown aerobically in LB medium. These results indicate that the hydroxyl group, the size of the amino acid side chain at position 27, and the guanidino group at position 31 of SdhC are critical for succinate-ubiquinone reductase activity, perhaps by formation of hydrogen bonds with carbonyl groups of the 1,4-benzoquinone ring of the quinone molecule. The hydroxyl group, but not the size of the amino acid side chain, at position 33 of SdhC is also important, because Ser-33 can be substituted with threonine but not with alanine.
Anion recognition in water (2010)

Anion recognition by synthetic receptors in water is not a new field, indeed the first receptors that were shown to interact with anionic species exhibited high affinity in aqueous solutions. Anion recognition in aqueous solution was, however, for a long time the domain of receptors containing multiple positive charges and/or metal ions while interactions of neutral receptors with anions were believed to be too weak to be efficient in water. Independent work in several groups has recently shown that this assumption is not necessarily correct. As a consequence, a much wider range of receptors is now available with which anion recognition in competitive aqueous media can be achieved. This tutorial review presents selected examples of synthetic anion receptors active in aqueous solutions and guidelines to achieve anion recognition in water.
Historia clinica integral en atencion primaria de salud con enfoque en los determinantes sociales de salud. Atencion integrada a las enfermedades prevalentes en la primera infancia (2018)

Objetivos: Proponer un modelo de historia clínica integral, centrado en la persona, integrada al Sistema de Información del Distrito, que abarque los fundamentos de la APS (atención primaria de salud) con enfoque en los determinantes sociales de la salud para la primera infancia. Materiales y Métodos: se llevó a cabo un estudio cualitativo. Se realizó búsqueda en la literatura, grupos focales y entrevistas de términos MeSH que fueron analizados por medio de la herramienta PCAT (Primary Care Assessment Tools). en categorías deductivas (primer contacto, continuidad, coordinación) e inductivas (no contempladas al inicio de la investigación). Resultados: La historia clínica electrónica “juega un papel importante al igual que los registros de atenciones previas” para realizar el manejo ade- cuado de un paciente. Cuando incluimos en la historia determinantes so- ciales de la salud clasificados como de estilo de vida (lactancia materna, alimentación), medio ambiente (edad materna, cultura, servicios públicos, ubicación demográfica, vivienda) y sociales (oportunidad de acceso a ser- vicios de salud, educación materna y del infante, nivel socioeconómico, ingresos, entre otros) mejoramos la atención y abarcamos otras necesida- des que no se contemplaban en las atenciones previas.
Report on a Trial with D.D.T. and B.H.C. for the Protection of Timber Against Termites (1948)

"Report on a Trial with D.D.T. and B.H.C. for the Protection of Timber Against Termites." The East African Agricultural Journal, 14(1), pp. 49–50
Systematic review: the diagnosis and staging of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease and non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (2010)

Staging for NAFLD can now be performed by a combination of radiological and laboratory techniques, greatly reducing the requirement for invasive liver biopsy.
An adaptive write buffer management scheme for flash-based SSDs (2012)

Solid State Drives (SSD's) have shown promise to be a candidate to replace traditional hard disk drives. The benefits of SSD's over HDD's include better durability, higher performance, and lower power consumption, but due to certain physical characteristics of NAND flash, which comprise SSD's, there are some challenging areas of improvement and further research. We focus on the layout and management of the small amount of RAM that serves as a cache between the SSD and the system that uses it. Of the techniques that have previously been proposed to manage this cache, we identify several sources of inefficient cache space management due to the way pages are clustered in blocks and the limited replacement policy. We find that in many traces hot pages reside in otherwise cold blocks, and that the spatial locality of most clusters can be fully exploited in a limited time period, so we develop a hybrid page/block architecture along with an advanced replacement policy, called BPAC, or Block-Page Adaptive Cache, to exploit both temporal and spatial locality. Our technique involves adaptively partitioning the SSD on-disk cache to separately hold pages with high temporal locality in a page list and clusters of pages with low temporal but high spatial locality in a block list. In addition, we have developed a novel mechanism for flash-based SSD's to characterize the spatial locality of the disk I/O workload and an approach to dynamically identify the set of low spatial locality clusters. We run trace-driven simulations to verify our design and find that it outperforms other popular flash-aware cache schemes under different workloads. For instance, compared to a popular flash aware cache algorithm BPLRU, BPAC reduces the number of cache evictions by up to 79.6% and 34% on average.
Obtaining Particle Size Distribution from Chord Length Measurements (2006)

Abstract The Lasentec focused‐beam reflectance measurement (FBRM) is becoming a more popular technique to measure particle size on‐line in different applications. The FBRM uses a focused beam of laser light that scans across particles passing in front of the probe window to measure a chord length distribution (CLD). Compared with CLD information, the particle size distribution (PSD) is more useful because it is directly related to product quality and process productivity. However, it is not straightforward to convert a measured CLD into its corresponding PSD accurately due to the lack of a theoretical analysis for non‐spherical particle systems. In this paper, firstly a general model to translate a PSD into its corresponding CLD is given for different shapes including spherical, ellipsoidal and more general non‐spherical particles. Then an iterative inversion method is developed to obtain the PSD from a measured CLD. Finally, effectiveness of the proposed PSD‐CLD model and iterative inversion method has been extensively validated by experiments.