gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deuterated Halothane???Anesthetic Potency, Anticonvulsant Activity, and Effect on Cerebellar Cyclic Guanosine 3???, 5???-Monophosphate (1984)

The effect of substituting deuterium for hydrogen in the halothane molecule on anesthetic potency, motor activity, and cerebellar cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP) content was studied in mice. The concentration of halothane required to abolish the righting reflex in 50% of the mice (ED50RR) was chosen as index of anesthetic potency; cerebellar control of motor activity was evaluated by the incidence of isoniazid-induced convulsions. The ED50RR for deuterated (D)-halothane was similar to that of halothane (0.87 +/- 0.04 and 0.88 +/- 0.03 vol%, respectively). Both D-halothane and halothane (0.15-0.90 vol%) protected the mice against isoniazid-induced convulsions and decreased cerebellar cGMP content in a dose-dependent manner. D-halothane and halothane were equipotent on both parameters. Thus deuteration did not alter the anesthetic potency, the anticonvulsant activity, or the effect on cerebellar cGMP content of the anesthetic. Furthermore, the reactivity of the C-H bond is probably not critical for these actions of halothane.
The properties of a dielectric containing semiconducting particles of various shapes (1937)

It is pointed out that, although dielectric losses in certain materials are frequently attributed to the presence of particles of conducting impurity, any discussion as to the type and magnitude of loss produced by a given quantity and disposition of impurity is often extremely vague or entirely lacking. A description is given of some experiments with a suspension of water droplets in wax, the results of which did not agree with the predictions of Wagner's theory except when the suspension was kept at a temperature near to the melting point of the wax. The behaviour of a model inhomogeneous material containing spheroidal particles is investigated analytically and it is concluded that a minute amount of conducting impurity in the form of fine needles could produce a serious loss at low frequencies, although the effect of the same quantity of impurity in spherical form would be negligible.
Structural equation modeling with AMOS: basic concepts, applications, and programming (2000)

Contents: Part I: Introduction. Structural Equation Models: The Basics. Using the EQS Program. Part II: Single-Group Analyses. Application 1: Testing for the Factorial Validity of a Theoretical Construct (First-Order CFA Model). Application 2: Testing for the Factorial Validity of Scores From a Measuring Instrument (First-Order CFA Model). Application 3: Testing for the Factorial Validity of Scores from a Measuring Instrument (Second-Order CFA Model). Application 4: Testing for the Validity of a Causal Structure. Part III: Multiple-Group Analyses. Application 5: Testing for the Factorial Invariance of a Measuring Instrument. Application 6: Testing for the Invariance of a Causal Structure. Application 7: Testing for Latent Mean Differences (First-Order CFA Model). Application 8: Testing for Latent Mean Differences (Second-Order CFA Model). Part IV: Other Important Topics. Application 9: Testing for Construct Validity: The Multitrait-Multimethod Model. Application 10: Testing for Change Over Time: The Latent Growth Curve Model. Application 11: Testing for Within- and Between-Level Variance: The Multilevel Model.
Indelibility of Subcortical Emotional Memories (1989)

Acquisition and extinction of fear responses conditioned to a visual stimulus were examined in rats with ablations of visual cortex. Visual cortex lesions did not interfere with acquisition, indicating that visual fear conditioning, like auditory fear conditioning, is mediated by sub-cortical, probably thalamo-amygdala, sensory pathways. In contrast to acquisition, extinction was greatly prolonged, if not prevented, by cortical ablation. This resistance to extinction of sub cortical emotional memories may explain certain aspects of emotional memory in man.
Cells of the cellular immune and hemopoietic system of the mouse lack lamins A/C: distinction <i>Versus</i> other somatic cells (1990)

Almost all somatic cells in adult murine tissues express all three nuclear lamins (A, B, C). Here we demonstrate that cells of the hemopoietic system of the adult mouse are an exception in that they express only lamin B. Thus T and B lymphocytes as well as granulocytes and monocytic cells directly isolated from spleen, thymus, blood or bone marrow do not express lamin A/C but only lamin B. In agreement with this observation the murine hemopoietic cell lines EL4, BW5147, HK22, 70Z/3, SP2/0 and PAI express only lamin B. In immunoblotting experiments used to confirm the immunofluorescence data no lamin A/C expression was detected. However, we noticed that murine lamin B occurs in two isoforms, which can be distinguished immunologically. These results reinforce the idea that a functional nuclear lamina can be formed from lamin B alone. They also pose the question of whether cells lacking lamin A/C are more plastic in their developmental programs than those that express all three lamins.
Opiate receptors: Search for new drugs (1991)

The title of this chapter — “Opiate receptors: Search for new drugs” reflects an impossibly broad subject. The field of opiate receptors itself encompasses several areas of science such as chemistry, pharmacology, physiology, medicine, and molecular biology. The search for new drugs is likewise broad: it includes all the stages from intellectual conception, computer-modeling, synthesis, to in vitro and in vivo tests. Therefore, by necessity, one must narrow the scope of the title subject by making some selections.
The Effect of Silicone Softeners on Resin Treated Cottons (1958)

A brief discussion is given on the mechanism by which textile softeners produce their effects. Differences in this respect between silicone softeners and the conventional long chain fatty acid types are pointed out. Also, some of the applications of silicone softeners with respect to cotton are discussed. The results of a study on the effects of silicone and conventional organic softeners on the physical properties of resin treated cottons are given. In this study several well known types of softeners were included in three typical minimum care resin treatments. Their effects on the tear strength, tensile strength, wrinkle recovery. abrasion resistance, and sewing lubrication were noted, with special reference to laundering durability. Based on the products evaluated, the data indicate the silicone softeners increase wrinkle recovery and some of the other physical property values above those imparted by the organics. This increase in efficiency leads to the conclusion that the amount of resin used could be decreased, still giving acceptable wrinkle recovery values and at the same time increasing the rest of the physical property values.
Siderophore-mediated iron acquisition from transferrin by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1986)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa placed across a dialysis membrane from [55Fe]transferrin caused the mobilization of the iron from the transferrin side to the bacterial or dialysate side of the membrane. Although the bacteria were capable of obtaining iron from transferrin for growth, the siderophores of P. aeruginosa failed to convert iron bound to transferrin into dialyzable, low-molecular-weight chelates. The crucial factor produced by the bacteria which was not present when the siderophores were added alone was the acid produced from the glucose minimal medium. The siderophores mobilized considerable iron from transferrin when used in the dialysis assay at pH values between 5.0 and 6.0, values which were commonly found during incubation of bacteria in the assays. When the siderophores were tested individually, pyoverdin was more effective than pyochelin in mobilizing iron across dialysis membranes at pH values of 5.0 and 6.0, but neither had appreciable activity at pH 7.4. The amounts of iron mobilized from conalbumin were comparable to the amounts from transferrin, but there was negligible release from lactoferrin at the three pH values. When the two siderophores were combined, the level of iron mobilization was identical to that demonstrated by pyoverdin alone. When the dialysis membrane was removed and the bacteria were mixed with the siderophores and transferrin, pyoverdin was again more active than pyochelin in mediating iron transport. Although no pyochelin-mediated iron mobilization could be detected at pH 7.4, there was transport. Therefore, the bacteria appeared to be aiding the siderophores in iron mobilization from transferrin.
Mechanism of extraction and band broadening in solvent extraction-flow injection analysis (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanism of extraction and band broadening in solvent extraction-flow injection analysisCharles A. Lucy and Frederick F. CantwellCite this: Anal. Chem. 1989, 61, 2, 107–114Publication Date (Print):January 15, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 January 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00177a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00177a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views120Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Mismanaging inequality (2006)

For all our affluence, we live in a society as materially unequal as any in history, but promulgate the belief that anyone can ‘have it all’. What effects does this have?
Modelling of the impurity-vacancy interaction in magnesium doped lithium oxide (1993)

The influence of the Mg2+ impurity on cation migration in Li2O crystals is considered. A static atomistic simulation technique is used to study the most stable forms of impurity vacancy association. The adiabatic barriers for the vacancy motion in the presence of Mg2+ impurity ions in Li2O are calculated and discussed. The formation of impurity-vacancy (Mg2+-Vc)n clusters and their possible further association is investigated.
High-silica cascaded three-waveguide couplers for wideband filtering by flame hydrolysis on Si (1991)

Simply by the proper choice of the interaction length and number of cascaded three-waveguide directional couplers (3WC), appropriately connected, it is possible to design suitable spectral responses for filtering operations, tuning the passbands and achieving high stopband rejection. We report on the realization of low-loss, cascaded 3WCs for wideband filtering, based on high-silica waveguides on Si. The devices have been fabricated by a combination of Flame Hydrolysis Deposition, photolithographic patterning and reactive ion etching. The design has been directed towards the filtering of the amplified spontaneous emission in Nd-doped fluoride fibre amplifiers operating at 1.3 [?m], which limits the magnitude of the amplifier gain and requires wideband filtering operation to be suppressed. However, a similar arrangement would also find useful application in other devices such as a multi/demultiplexer for widely spaced channels or when wider rejection bandwidths are required to cover the wavelength variation of laser sources in practical conditions.
Using a Motion‐Capture System to Record Dynamic Articulation for Application in CAD/CAM Software (2009)

The article described a methodology that measured mandibular movements during mastication for one subject. This produced kinematic input to 3D computer modeling for the production of a virtual dynamic articulation that is suitable for incorporation into dental CAD/CAM software.
Genetic interactions between mixed microbial populations (1982)

Of the various mechanisms by which DNA has been shown to be transferred between bacteria in the laboratory, the combination of promiscuous plasmids and transposable DNA seems the most likely means by which this occurs in Nature. Not only can this lead to the direct transmission of the associated genes, but it can also lead to various structural and genetic changes in other DNA, particularly chromosomal, which might play an important role in microbial evolution. The changes in the DNA in a Pseudomonas strain that has evolved to degrade a novel substrate are considered in this context.
Therapeutic novelties in migraine: new drugs, new hope? (2019)

Collectively, novel migraine therapies represent a major progress in migraine treatment and will undoubtedly transform headache medicine.
Elastic and Thermal Effects in the Interphase: Part I. Comments on Characterization Methods (1993)

The complexity of the fiber-matrix interphase in a composite is largely due to the myriad of variables (material, processing, and design) that affect its formation. The interphase, thus formed, has to be characterized at several levels (microstructural, chemical, and mechanical) for one to understand fully the nature of the bond between the fiber and matrix and perform a stress analysis of the fiber-interphase-matrix assemblage. A cursory glance at the literature shows that great progress has been made in all of the three levels of characterization mentioned above for various composite systems. The progress in mechanical characterization is manifested in the development of several methods of interphasial shear strength measurement and a better understanding of the local failure process, which often initiates global composite failure. A thorough thermomechanical characterization of the interphase is difficult, at present, because of the necessity of studying the interphase in situ, its small dimension (usually on the order of a micrometer), and its general complexity. This article presents a brief review of the principal interphasial characterization methods (microstructural, chemical, and mechanical) and discusses several recent techniques for the physical characterization (evaluation of volume fraction, thickness, Young's modulus, shear modulus, and coefficient of thermal expansion) of the interphase.
Chiral and achiral formamidines in synthesis. The first asymmetric route to (-)-yohimbine and an efficient total synthesis of (.+-.)-yohimbine (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChiral and achiral formamidines in synthesis. The first asymmetric route to (-)-yohimbine and an efficient total synthesis of (.+-.)-yohimbineAlbert I. Meyers, Donald B. Miller, and Franklin H. WhiteCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 14, 4778–4787Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00222a041https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00222a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views785Altmetric-Citations65LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Regions of the Streptococcus sobrinus spaA gene encoding major determinants of antigen I (1990)

Surface protein antigen A (SpaA), also called antigen B, antigen I/II, or antigen P1, is an abundant cell envelope protein that is the major antigenic determinant of Streptococcus sobrinus and other members of the Streptococcus mutans group of cariogenic bacteria. This laboratory has previously reported the cloning and expression in Escherichia coli of a BamHI restriction fragment of S. sobrinus DNA containing most of the spaA gene (pYA726) and encoding antigen I. Regions of spaA encoding immunodeterminants of antigen I were analyzed by either deletion mapping or expressing selected restriction fragments from the trc promoter. SpaA proteins produced by mutants harboring nested deletions, constructed by BAL 31 exonuclease treatment at a unique SstI site located towards the 3' end of the gene, were examined by Western immunoblot with rabbit serum against SpaA from S. sobrinus. Only SpaA polypeptides larger than 56 kilodaltons reacted with anti-SpaA serum. Various restriction fragments of the region of spaA encoding the antigenic determinants were cloned into an expression vector. The immunoreactive properties of the polypeptides encoded by those fragments indicated that expression of the immunodominant determinant required topographically assembled residues specified by noncontiguous regions located within 0.48-kilobase PvuII-to-SstI and 1.2-kilobase SstI-to-HindIII fragments which were adjacent on the spaA map.
The Synthesis and Properties of 6-Chloropurine and Purine<sup>1</sup> (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Synthesis and Properties of 6-Chloropurine and Purine1Aaron Bendich, Percy J. Russell Jr., and Jack J. FoxCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 23, 6073–6077Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01652a062https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01652a062research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1930Altmetric-Citations150LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Sequential Backus Averaging: Upscaling well logs to seismic wavelengths (2001)

The measure of geologic knowledge spans a tremendously wide geometric scale. In the vertical dimension alone the range is from microscopic clay particle morphology and pore throat geometry to basinal megatrends many kilometers thick. Of a more limited scope, and inherent to building synthetic seismograms, is the process of relating logging-tool resolution measurements to seismic wavelengths—a tens-of-centimeters to tens-of-meters problem. This upscaling can be achieved by Sequential Backus Averaging.
Non-Cartesian Parallel Image Reconstruction for Functional MRI. (2010)

Functional MRI (fMRI) is a widely preferred imaging modality to detect the regional brain activation associated with a task. However, the current fMRI techniques can suffer from performance degradation due to low temporal resolution from the hardware limitations, noise from systematic or measurement errors, and image distortions or artifacts from insufficient or inaccurate data. Fortunately, parallel imaging technique can address these problems by reducing readout time, thus, improving spatial or temporal resolution or suppressing susceptibility artifacts. However, due to the reduced number of samples, current parallel imaging technique experiences problems such as aliasing artifacts and low SNR. Therefore, our goal was to improve the parallel image reconstruction method to create truly effective solution for current limitation for fMRI for brain studies by alleviating its problems. Specifically, this dissertation describes investigation and analysis of methods for updating calibration data, such as the sensitivity map or GRAPPA coefficients, as well as by improving image reconstruction methods for non-Cartesian SENSE. For improving the image reconstruction algorithms, we focused on improving spiral SENSE with an iterative CG algorithm. This includes developing a joint estimation method of image and coil sensitivity map with a quadratic regularization on the estimation of sensitivity map, and developing an improved regularization technique that controls edge effects. Joint estimation of the image and sensitivity map resulted in much more robust performance compared to non-joint estimation approach when the initial sensitivity map is inaccurate. Selection of image support region method suppressed aliasing artifact more successfully when using a softening function with a proper mask size. For determination of the calibration data, we analyzed several self-calibrated sensitivity map estimation methods and investigated the effect of smoothing on time series fMRI data. We also compared several updating methods of calibration data on fMRI data. Proper selection of estimation and updating technique for calibration data improved image quality, time series SNR and brain activation. Our studies show the impact of improving and optimizing spiral SENSE and spiral GRAPPA, which may produce more effective solutions for parallel imaging in functional MRI.
Retired Librarian Revises List of Best Books on the Indians of Georgia (2007)

The article reports on the revisions made in the list of best books on the Indians of North America in Georgia at the Atlanta-Fulton Public Library. The list was compiled by retired librarian Louise S. White in collaboration with the members of the Georgia Library Media Association (GLMA).
Nano-engineering and micromolecular science of polysilsesquioxane materials and their emerging applications (2019)

Polysilsesquioxanes (RSiO<sub>1.5</sub>)<sub>n</sub> are organic–inorganic hybrid materials that have an array of properties and synergistic features and are considered to be robust materials in the family of siliceous compounds.
XML Bible, Gold Edition, with CD-ROM (2001)

From the Publisher:
Featuring all the content of the XML Bible's second edition plus more than 300 additional pages on CSS Level 3, XInclude, canonical XML, modular XHTML, and reading DTDs, this mammoth reference is truly the gold standard for XML guidebooks. It includes complete coverage of data-driven Web site design, date exchange and translation, the new XLink and XPointer specifications, and much more. The CD-ROM has XML authoring tools, browsers, and example code.