gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Real-Time PCR as a New Tool for Quantifying <i>Leishmania infantum</i> in Liver in Infected Mice (2001)

The parasitic loads of mouse livers experimentally infected with Leishmania infantum were determined using a double real-time quantitative PCR test targeted to the parasite DNA polymerase gene and to the mouse brain-derived neutrophic factor gene. The Leishmania DNA copy number was normalized to the number of mouse gene copies in order to quantify the former independently of liver weight. The correlation coefficient with the microtitration method was 0.66. This PCR assay can be considered for experimental pharmaceutical studies.
A Web-Based Flexible Communication System in Radiology (2010)

A web-based system for rapid multidirectional communication has been created in the Radiology department at San Francisco General Hospital. The system allows messaging among radiology attendings, residents, and technologists, as well as other members of the hospital community, such as Emergency Department physicians and nurses. Instead of being tied to a particular workflow, this system provides a flexible communication infrastructure which can be easily adapted for different functions and user roles. The system has so far been configured to successfully support the standard "wet reading" workflow, to support marking and tracking of critical results, as well as multiple educational and quality improvement workflows. In the 19 months of operation, the system has gained over 1,800 users (virtually all providers at our institution), it has been accessed by radiologists over 39,000 times and by non-radiologists over 34,000 times. It has become an integral part of the radiology department operations and non-radiology clinical workflows. Unlike most existing softwares, our system is not a task-specific application, but a multipurpose communication system. It is able to effectively accommodate multiple workflows and user roles through configuration (without additional programming). This flexibility has helped this system to be rapidly and widely adopted within our enterprise. The extended reach of the system enables improved monitoring and documentation of workflows, helping with management decision making, and quality assurance. We report a successful radiology communication system based on the principles of flexibility and inclusiveness of users inside and outside the radiology department.
Derivation of the Feldman–Cousins interval (2013)

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Welcome to Bear Country, 9-8-94 (1994)

Tape label reads: "All Master 2-t[rac]k, Raw (1 + 2), FAT/EQ/COMP. (3 + 4)". Tape contains eight tracks (migrated from ADAT to an 8-track WAV file) recorded by Team Fat on ADAT tape for the game "Welcome to Bear Country."
The effects of short-term social support from dentists on the stress experienced by parents of pediatric dental patients. (1993)

Parents of pediatric dental patients were observed in a university clinic waiting room as they were greeted by student dentists. Soon after the dentist left with the child, the parents completed a series of scales assessing their perceived social support from the dentist, their anxiety and distress levels, and their confidence in the dentist. Regression analysis indicated that perceived social support from the dentist was associated negatively with parental distress regarding the dental treatment (beta = .-45, P < .01) and parental state anxiety (beta = .-37, P < .01). In addition, social support was associated positively with parent's confidence in the dentist beta = .54, P < .01). Possible mediational paths and clinical implications are discussed.
Robust quality of service backbone for mobile ad hoc networks (2005)

Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are a rapidly growing field today. Unlike conventional wireless networks, MANETs have no physical backbone infrastructure and no administrative support. Generally, these networks are characterized by scarce resources (e.g. bandwidth, power, etc.), high error rates, and a dynamic topology. In MANETs, the quality of service (QoS) aspect, in general, and QoS routing, in particular, need more attention as a result of the rising popularity and necessity- of real-time multimedia applications. Currently, no robust QoS backbone algorithm can efficiently serve a MANET environ. This paper proposes a novel QoS backbone construction algorithm for MANETs. The backbone nodes are mainly selected based on individual node stability and available bandwidth for each node. Then, these nodes are implicitly connected using link bandwidth and delay as QoS metrics. The proposed algorithm, its performance analysis, and simulation results are presented in this paper.
Positron Emission Mammography with Multiple Angle Acquisition (2002)

Positron emission mammography (PEM) of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FbG) uptake in breast tumors with dedicated detectors typically has been accomplished with two planar detectors in a fixed position with the breast under compression. The potential use of PEM imaging at two detector positions to guide stereotactic breast biopsy has motivated us to use PEM coincidence data acquired at two or more detector positions together in a single image reconstruction. Multiple angle PEM acquisition and iterative image reconstruction were investigated using point source and compressed breast phantom acquisitions with 5, 9, 12 and 15 mm diameter spheres and a simulated tumor:background activity concentration ratio of 6:1. Image reconstruction was performed with an iterative MLEM algorithm that used coincidence events between any two detector pixels on opposed detector heads at each detector position. This present study compared two acquisition protocols: 2 angle acquisition with detector angular positions of -15 and +15 degrees and 11 angle acquisition with detector positions spaced at 3 degree increments over the range -15 to +15 degrees. Three-dimensional image resolution was assessed for the point source acquisitions, and contrast and signal-to-noise metrics were evaluated for the compressed breast phantom with different simulated tumor sizes. Radial and tangential resolutions were similar for the two protocols, while normal resolution was better for the 2 angle acquisition. Analysis is complicated by the asymmetric point spread functions. Signal- to-noise vs. contrast tradeoffs were better for 11 angle acquisition for the smallest visible 9 mm sphere, while tradeoff results were mixed for the larger and more easily visible 12 mm and 15 mm diameter spheres. Additional study is needed to better understand the performance of limited angle tomography for PEM. PEM tomography experiments with complete angular sampling are planned.
Street Networks - Alternative models, measures & their merits (2018)

Cities concentrate intensive human activities requiring highly complex networked infrastructure for movement, public transport and myriad other spatial interactions. The planning and management of multi-modal street networks for diverse users therefore requires an understanding of urban layout beyond motorised vehicle networks as simple linear conduits of movement. In seeking to address these issues, there has been a profusion of studies of street networks in recent years, with increasing attention from network scientists such as physicists, in addition to studies from transport, geographical and urban fields. These studies take different approaches to representing street networks, each with a different focus, sophistication and level of detail. The models used are based on paradigms grounded in different traditions, often with little reflection upon which is the appropriate representation of the system for a particular application. The different approaches typically generate different results without necessarily comparing means of representation and methods of analysis for different modes and contexts. A few studies have made comparisons but none has yet been done systematically across a wider set of approaches. In this international, inter-disciplinary contribution, we identify and characterise different representations of street networks, and associated measures, and compare analytic results for a sample area to bring out the commonalities, differences and relative merits of the different approaches. This review is a first step to build a foundation for deeper and more consistent understanding of the meaning and significance of the different models, and of their utility for particular applications.
Unilateral Headache and Oculomotor Paralysis Not Caused by Aneurysm (1957)

The symptom combination of unilateral frontal headache and oculomotor paralysis has long been recognized by clinicians as characteristic of aneurysm of the intracranial portion of the carotid artery. Prior to the introduction of arteriography by Egas Moniz,<sup>1</sup>in 1927, confirmation of the diagnosis was limited to the relatively few cases which were explored surgically or came to autopsy. With the increased use of arteriography and the increased frequency of surgical exploration in the past 15 years, faith in the symptom complex has grown to such an extent that it is now often regarded as diagnostic of intracranial carotid aneurysm. It is aneurysms of the internal carotid artery which cause the syndrome of unilateral frontal headache and oculomotor paralysis. Only occasionally do these symptoms occur with aneurysms elsewhere. Walsh and King<sup>2</sup>studied a series of 32 intracranial aneurysms selected for ocular signs. Fifteen of these had aneurysm of the
Horizontal coherence in shallow water (1997)

For applications such as beamforming and matched field processing, the spatial behavior of the shallow water acoustic field is relevant. Oceanic and geoacoustic variabilities introduce random fluctuations into the field, which can be characterized by the spatial coherence. The spatial coherence of the acoustic field can be described by its correlation function. In this presentation results from an investigation of the sensitivity of the horizontal correlation function to variations in parameters of shallow water propagation will be discussed. In order to demonstrate key sensitivities, stratified environmental models with one or more sediment layers will be used. Variabilities are assumed to arise from small random fluctuations within the layers and at the layer interfaces. Formulas based on a modal perturbation approach are used. The dependence of the correlation function on such parameters as range and frequency is of particular interest, and in addition effects of mode coupling are estimated. Numerical simulations illustrating the results will be presented. [Work supported by NSF.]
Pegfilgrastim Compared to Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) with Hyper-CVAD Chemotherapy Regimen for Aggressive Lymphoid Malignancy. (2005)

Abstract Aim Pegfilgrastim (Neulasta®) has proven efficacy as supportive therapy in a variety of chemotherapy regimens, but has not been studied in dose intensive, rapidly cycling regimens such as hyper-CVAD. We examined whether pegfilgrastim leads to similar kinetics of neutrophil recovery as daily G-CSF. Methods Using retrospective analysis, patients receiving pegfilgrastim were matched with controls (G-CSF) for cycle of chemotherapy, prior chemotherapy, dose of cytarabine received, age (&lt;60 or &gt;60), diagnosis (ALL or NHL) and bone marrow involvement. The primary endpoint was duration of grade IV neutropenia (ANC &lt;500/ul). Secondary endpoints included time to neutrophil recovery, incidence of febrile neutropenia, positive blood cultures and delay in subsequent chemotherapy. Results Between 01/1999 – 06/2005 we identified 124 pegfilgrastim supported cycles in 43 patients. Cases were successfully matched to 124 G-CSF supported cycles from 38 controls. There were no significant differences between cases and controls with regards to prior chemotherapy, age, sex, cytarabine dose, diagnosis or bone marrow involvement. The median duration of grade IV neutropenia was 4 days in both groups (p =0.55). Pegfilgrastim (95% CI) G-CSF controls (95% CI) P value Grade IV neutropenia - All cycles 4 days (0–11) 4 days (0–10) 0.55 - A cycles 2 days (0–7) 2 days (0–6) 0.65 - B cycles 6 days (2–12) 6 days (0–10) 0.70 Time to ANC &gt;500/ul 13 days (10–19) 14 days (8–18) 0.75 Time to ANC &gt;2000/ul 14 days (11–29) 14.5 days (9–22) 0.27 Febrile Neutropenia 29% 38% 0.16 Positive Blood Cultures 11% 12% 0.85 Delay in next cycle 44% 47% 0.75 Conclusions A single dose of pegfilgrastim is as effective as daily G-CSF for supporting the hyper-CVAD chemotherapy regimen.
Absorbing Cantor sets in dynamical systems: Fibonacci maps (1994)

In this paper we shall show that there exists a polynomial unimodal map f: [0,1] -> [0,1] which is 1) non-renormalizable(therefore for each x from a residual set, $ω(x)$ is equal to an interval), 2) for which $ω(c)$ is a Cantor set, and 3) for which $ω(x)=ω(c)$ for Lebesgue almost all x. So the topological and the metric attractor of such a map do not coincide. This gives the answer to a question posed by Milnor.
Chemical Defense Collective Protection Technology. Volume 2. Effects of Airlock Airflow Pattern, Clothing, and Exposure Concentration on Vapor Transport (1986)

Procedures for processing personnel through chemical defense collective shelters were employed to examine the contamination of Toxic Safe Areas (TSAs), in shelters, as a result of transport of chemical agent vapor on clothing underlayers. The quantity of vapor thus transported into the TSAs was examined as a function of: airlock airflow pattern; type of outer clothing worn during exposure; and vapor exposure concentration. A simulated Survivable Collective Protection Shelter Contamination Control Area facility, at the USAF School of Aerospace Medicine (Brooks Air Force Base, Texas), was employed. Personnel--dressed either in fatigues over T-shirt and jockey shorts, or in Flyer's charcoal under-coverall (United Kingdom) over aircrew undershirt and drawers--were first exposed to chemical warfare agent simulant (methyl salicylate) vapor, and were then processed through the Liquid Hazard Area and Vapor Hazard Area. Processing included passage through either the original design airlock or a modified design airlock before entry into the TSA. Inside the TSA, individual subjects were isolated within sealed glass offgassing booths and the vapor offgassed from each subject over a 2-h period was measured. Data indicate that the charcoal undercoverall (UK) reduced the quantity of vapor transported into the TSA, and hence increased the protection of the individual more than did the fatigues. However, no statistical evidence of airlock differences was found. Keywords: chemical defense shelter processing; chemical agent simulant; mustard simulant; methyl salicylate; and oil of wintergreen.
Abstract 391: Implications of Akt inhibition for neoadjuvant radiotherapy: improving the rectal cancer treatment (2016)

Abstract Resistance to therapy is a major obstacle to a favorable outcome in cancer treatment. For rectal cancer, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) can lead to complete tumor regression in a significant proportion of patients (up to 40%) but approximately 60% of patients have only partial or no tumor remission after nCRT. A number of works searching for a differential gene expression signature has failed. As those gene signatures relies on the sample set, there is an increasing agreement that biological understanding is necessary to produce a signature in terms of pathways and biological processes. In this regard we applied pathway enrichment analysis to RNA-Seq data in order to identify biological pathways involved in tumor resistance and discriminate rectal cancer patients that is refractory to neoadjuvant treatment. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and phosphatidylinositol signaling were identified as the main pathways involved in resistance to nCRT in patients with rectal cancer. Both pathways have been reported as involved in resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy in solid tumors but according to the status of gene regulation observed and the literature, there is evidence that Akt pathway could be central in promoting resistance.Therefore, we evaluated the status of Akt activation by immunohistochemistry of pre-treatment biopsies of rectal tumors as well as by immunoblot of colorectal cancer cell lines utilizing antibodies against phosphorylated Akt (pS473). As a result, we observed an increased proportion of Akt phosphorylation in the resistant cell line, SW480, and in patients with TRG 0-2 in comparison to those with TRG 3-4 and in the sensitive cell line, SW48. To evaluate the implication of Akt in promoting nCRT resistance, we performed colony formation assays using Akt inhibitors as radiosensitizers. We observed an additive effect using MK2206 at sub-doses in combination to radiotherapy (2 Gy) in the resistant cell line. In fact, Akt inhibition improved in approximately 40% the tumoricidal effects of radiotherapy. Moreover, at IC50 dose this effect is even higher, reaching 60% the improvement of radiotherapy. Furthermore, the treatment of MK2206 with radiotherapy alone or in combination with 5-FU have similar effectiveness. In this setting, as Akt is involved in a range of cellular functions that promote tumor progression and metastasis, we propose that combination of Akt inhibitor and radiotherapy as neoadjuvant treatment would maximize tumor remission and improve the rectal cancer treatment. Citation Format: Fernanda C. Koyama, Camila Ramos, Angelita Habr-Gama, Venâncio Avancini Ferreira Alves, Rodrigo O. Perez, Anamaria Aranha Camargo. Implications of Akt inhibition for neoadjuvant radiotherapy: improving the rectal cancer treatment. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 391.
Correlations and Fluctuations of Coherent Wave Transmission through Disordered Media (1988)

The correlation functions of the transmission coefficients for scalar wave propagation through disordered media are calculated by use of both diagrammatic techniques and numerical simulations. The calculation is valid in the diffusive regime: multiple elastic scattering with negligible absorption or inelastic scattering and a scattering length much longer than the wavelength. In addition to the familiar large local intensity fluctuations we find a novel memory effect and long-range correlations in the transmission coefficients which decay to a positive background value. Implications for light-scattering experiments are discussed.
Efficient method for analysis and design of aperture-coupled rectangular microstrip antennas (1993)

A method for the analysis and design of rectangular microstrip antennas coupled through a small aperture to a microstrip feed line in a two-layer configuration is described. The technique is numerically efficient, making it suitable for computer-aided design. The analysis takes into account higher order modes excited underneath the patch. Analysis results were implemented in two computer programs: an analysis program and a design program based on optimization techniques. Experimental results are presented to validate this method.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
OMSSA Parser: An open‐source library to parse and extract data from OMSSA MS/MS search results (2009)

Protein identification by MS is an important technique in both gel-based and gel-free proteome studies. The Open Mass Spectrometry Search Algorithm (OMSSA) (http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omssa) is an open-source search engine that can be used to identify MS/MS spectra acquired in these experiments. We here present a lightweight, open-source Java software library, OMSSA Parser (http://code.google.com/p/omssa-parser), which parses OMSSA omx result files into easy accessible and fully functional object models. In addition, we also provide examples illustrating the usage of our library.
Mechanism of Film Growth of Tellurium by Electrochemical Deposition in the Presence and Absence of Cadmium Ions (2005)

The growth morphology and the kinetics of a thin film of Te on Au during electrochemical deposition at -62 mV (vs Ag/AgCl/3 M NaCl) have been studied. The deposition conditions are similar to those used previously by us to grow nanowires inside Au nanotubes by electrochemical deposition in the presence of Cd ions (Cd(2+)). By using electrochemical deposition on a planar Au electrode, we explored the growth of the Te film for two conditions: in the presence of Cd(2+) (0.1 mM TeO(2) + 1 mM CdSO(4) + 50 mM H(2)SO(4) solution) and in the absence of Cd(2+) (0.1 mM TeO(2) + 50 mM H(2)SO(4) solution). We used several surface investigation techniques to study the growth such as: in situ electrochemical atomic force microscopy (EC-AFM), in situ electrochemical surface plasmon resonance (EC-SPR), electrochemical methods, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In the presence of Cd(2+), in situ electrochemical atomic microscopy showed that Cd(2+) acted as a mediator at the early deposition stage and caused smoothing of the Te deposit obtained. In the absence of Cd(2+), Te had an island growth. The electrochemical surface plasmon resonance showed that the deposit was characterized by a slower deposition rate in the presence of Cd(2+) than in the absence of Cd(2+). Additionally, the thickness of the film was evaluated using EC-AFM measurements, electrochemical stripping analysis, and EC-SPR. The results obtained from all three measurements agree well with the Te film obtained in the presence of Cd(2+), where a continuous and uniform film was formed. In the presence of Cd(2+), a Te film with a thickness of 1.04 nm and atomically flat surface was deposited on an ultraflat Au surface. The XPS spectrum showed no significant amount of Cd in the deposit, indicating that the Cd ion acted as a mediator and not as a co-deposition element.
Phytate Determination in Various Cultivars of Korean Rice (2006)

To determine the amount of phytate in rice grains from various cultivars, two methods were employed and compared in respect of the accuracy and conveniency. Phytate in rice samples was extracted with HCl, and then the extracts were subjected to an anion-exchange column. Finally, the phytate in eluate was quantitated using two methods: one method is based on the complex formation between ferric ion and sulfosalicylic acid in the presence of phytate, and the other is the prior acid digestion of phytate sample, followed by the colorimetric determination of liberated phosphorus. Although two methods showed similar values of phytate in rice samples, the former method is simpler and more precise than the latter. Moreover, the former is more reliable for the samples with lower phytate levels. Especially, the dilution condition of rice sample before anion exchange column separation was important for the recovery of phytate in rice samples. Based on the former method, the amount of phytate in rice of various cultivars was estimated to range from 7.3 ㎎/g to 12.4 ㎎/g rice. This method would be useful for the determination of phytate in crop samples with a lower level of phytate, one of anti-nutrients in some agricultural plants.