gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Top-down approach to align single-walled carbon nanotubes on silicon substrate (2009)

We report controlled horizontal alignment of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) directly grown on trenched SiO2/Si substrate. The nanotubes were found to align along the trenches, which were created via electron beam lithography followed by reactive ion etching. From the experimental observations, the alignment mechanism was proposed. Furthermore, field-effect transistors fabricated from these substrates showed acceptable mobility and on/off ratio as high as 104. The method offers the possibility of large-scale integrated SWNT electronics for mass production.
Novel Genetic Models for Defining Immune Cell Function in Reproduction. (2012)

A wide range of immune cells and their attendant cytokine regulators are present in almost every compartment of the female reproductive tract. Various tissue remodelling, developmental and immune-regulatory functions are attributed to these cells, usually on the basis of evidence from descriptive studies and/or in vitro experiments, and often drawing on assumptions founded in knowledge of leukocyte functions in other tissue settings, which can be incomplete or inappropriate to the reproductive tract. To precisely assess and quantify the contribution of individual cytokines and immune cell lineages to reproductive processes, genetic strategies to remove or perturb individual agents provide powerful models and offer unique and sometimes unexpected insights. However, experiments in standard null mutant models are regularly confounded by influences of cytokines or leukocytes in tissue systems and processes distant to the reproductive tract, or actions earlier in development to cause embryonic or postnatal lethality, or induce compensatory adaptations that limit their utility. In part, this limitation can be overcome by using tissue-specific and / or acute gene knockout approaches, such as those offered by diptheria toxin receptor (DTR) or Cre-lox technologies. Using the Cd11b-Dtr mouse model for acute macrophage depletion, we have revealed essential and somewhat surprising roles for macrophages in early pregnany, operating principally at the level of the corpus luteum. Depletion of CD11b+ cells in the pre-implantation period causes CL demise attributable to failure of luteal vascular development and consequent impaired steroidogenic function. Ovaries from macrophage-depleted Cd11b-Dtr mice showed evidence of structural luteolysis, reduced expression of steroidogenesis genes, and infertility can be rescued by exogenous progesterone, confirming a corpus luteum defect. The same model is now proving useful for exploring how decidual macrophages contribute, in later gestation, to the events of parturition and the timing of labour. Our initial findings show that macrophage depletion on day 16.0 induces preterm birth within 48 h, accompanied by extended labour and high fetal mortality. These findings extend existing data from mice with null mutations in cytokine genes that regulate macrophage function, particularly the Csf1 (M-CSF) and Csf2 (GM-CSF) null mutant mice. Since a range of infectious, nutritional and inflammatory stressors can profoundly affect macrophage abundance and phenotypes at both a systemic and local level, it seems reasonable to predict that macrophage regulation of a range of reproductive processes is an important determinant of fertility and infertility, and that the Cd11b-Dtr and related models will yield new understanding and opportunities for intervention.
Motional Effects on Protein Structure: Acyl Carriers (2007)

The sections in this article are 1 Introduction 2 Effects of Rapid Internal Motions 3 Effects of Slower Internal Motions 4 Initial Work on Acyl Carrier Protein 5 A Two-State Model for Acyl Carrier Protein 6 Supporting Evidence for a Multiple State Model 7 Overview 8 Acknowledgements 9 Biographical Sketch Related Articles
IMPROVED LOCAL DISCRIMINANT BASES USING EMPIRICAL PROBABILITY DENSITY ESTIMATION (1996)

this paper we propose a new LDB algorithm based on the differences among coordinate-wise pdfs as a basis selection criterion and we explain similarities and differences among the original LDB algorithm and the new LDB algorithm. 2. STEPS TOWARD THE ORIGINAL LDB
Changes in the Mucosa-Associated Microbiome and Transcriptome across Gut Segments Are Associated with Obesity in a Metabolic Syndrome Porcine Model (2022)

Several studies have suggested a role for gut mucosa-associated microbiota in the development of obesity, but the mechanisms involved are poorly defined. Here, the impact of the gut mucosa-associated microbiota on obesity and related metabolic disorders was evaluated in a metabolic syndrome (MetS) porcine model. Body composition was determined among male Wuzhishan minipigs consuming a high-energy diet (HED) and compared to that of those consuming a normal diet (ND), and gut segments (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon, and rectum) were sampled for paired analysis of mucosa-associated microbiota and transcriptome signatures with 16S rRNA gene and RNA sequencing, respectively. Our data indicated that long-term HED feeding significantly increased body weight and visceral fat deposition and aggravated metabolic disorders. Specially, HED feeding induced mucosa-associated microbiota dysbiosis and selectively increased the abundance of the families <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i>, <i>Moraxellaceae</i>, and <i>Lachnospiraceae</i> in the upper intestine. The association analysis indicated that specific bacteria play key roles in adiposity, e.g., Lactobacillus johnsonii in the duodenum, Actinobacillus indolicus in the jejunum, Acinetobacter johnsonii in the ileum, Clostridium butyricum in the cecum, Haemophilus parasuis in the colon, and bacterium NLAEzlP808, <i>Halomonas taeheungii</i>, and <i>Shewanella</i> sp. JNUH029 in the rectum. Transcriptome data further revealed intestinal lipid metabolism and immune dysfunction in the MetS individuals, which may be associated with obesity and related metabolic disorders. Our results indicated that gut mucosa-associated microbiota dysbiosis has the potential to exacerbate obesity, partially through modulating systemic inflammatory responses. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> Obesity is a major risk factor for metabolic syndrome, which is the most common cause of death worldwide, especially in developed countries. The link between obesity and gut mucosa-associated microbiota is unclear due to challenges associated with the collection of intestinal samples from humans. The current report provides the first insight into obesity-microbiome-gut immunity connections in a metabolic syndrome (MetS) porcine model. The present results show that dysbiosis of mucosal microbiota along the entire digestive tract play a critical role in the proinflammatory response in the host-microbial metabolism axis, resulting in obesity and related metabolic disorders in the MetS model.
Analysis and Treatment of Poor Outcomes Following In Situ Arthrodesis in Adolescent Spondylolisthesis (1997)

In situ lumbosacral arthrodesis in the treatment of adolescent spondylolisthesis was evaluated in 39 patients. The clinical outcome an average of 4.7 years later was considered excellent or good in 82% of the cases based on their pain and gait. The quality of the fusion mass correlated with outcome. Those patients with the most severe kyphosis (slip angle) had the greatest chance of a poor result. Four patients required reoperation for pseudarthrosis or symptomatic compression of the cauda equina. Three of these were successfully treated with repeat arthrodesis or decompression with sacroplasty or both.
CT findings in chondroradionecrosis of the larynx. (1998)

The CT appearance of laryngeal chondroradionecrosis is nonspecific, but the diagnosis can be strongly suggested in cases of sloughing of the arytenoid cartilage, fragmentation and collapse of the thyroid cartilage, and/or in the presence of gas bubbles around the cartilage.
Downwash in Vortex Region Behind Trapezoidal-wing Tip at Mach Number 1.91 (1949)

Report presenting the results of an experimental investigation to determine the downwash in the region of the trailing vortex behind a trapezoidal-wing tip in a supersonic stream. Results regarding the downwash at spanwise stations, downwash at chordwise stations, and wake survey are provided.
Patients unaware of their HIV status present to inner city accident and emergency department with respiratory complications. (1997)

The study emphasises the importance of respiratory complications in patients who present with a ADI to emergency departments but are unaware of their HIV positivity. These patients presented solely with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia or pulmonary tuberculosis, conditions in which early diagnosis and treatment significantly reduce morbidity and mortality.
A color topographic map based on the dichromatic reflectance model. (2008)

Topographic maps are an interesting alternative to edge-based techniques common in computer vision applications. Indeed, unlike edges, level lines are closed and less sensitive to external parameters. They provide a compact geometrical representation of images and they are, to some extent, robust to contrast changes. The aim of this paper is to propose a novel and vectorial representation of color topographic maps. In contrast with existing color topographic maps, it does not require any color conversion. For this purpose, our technique refers to the dichromatic reflectance model, which explains the distribution of colors as the mixture of two reflectance components, related either to the body or to the specular reflection. Thus, instead of defining the topographic map along the sole luminance direction in the RGB space, we propose to design color lines along each dominant color vector, from the body reflection. Experimental results show that this approach provides a better tradeoff between the compactness and the quality of a topographic map.
Glucocorticoid Inhibition of Interleukin-1-Induced Interleukin-6 Production by Human Lung Fibroblasts: Evidence for Transcriptional and Post-Transcriptional Regulatory Mechanisms (1994)

Interleukin (IL)-6 is a pleiotropic cytokine produced by a wide variety of cells including fibroblasts, macrophages, endothelial cells, and T and B lymphocytes. Regulated IL-6 production is an important part of normal biologic homeostasis, and abnormal IL-6 production has been associated with a large number of diseases including asthma and lung allograft rejection. Glucocorticoids are potent anti-inflammatory agents that are widely used to suppress pulmonary inflammation. To further understand the mechanisms underlying this inhibition, we determined whether glucocorticoid compounds regulate human lung fibroblast IL-6 production and characterized the mechanisms of the effects that were noted. These studies demonstrate that glucocorticoids inhibit IL-1-induced IL-6 production in a dose-dependent fashion. A greater than 95% decrease in IL-6 production was seen with 10(-6) and 10(-7) M dexamethasone, prednisolone, and hydrocortisone, and IC50 values for these agents were approximately 5 x 10(-10), 5 x 10(-9), and 10(-8) M, respectively. mRNA analysis demonstrated that these alterations in protein production were associated with proportionate decreases in IL-6 mRNA accumulation, and that this suppression of IL-6 mRNA could be reversed by the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist RU 486. Nuclear run-on studies demonstrated that glucocorticoids inhibit-IL-1-induced IL-6 gene transcription. However, the magnitude of this effect could not fully account for the potency of the glucocorticoid-induced alterations in IL-6 mRNA accumulation and protein production since 10(-6) M dexamethasone caused only a 50% decrease in IL-1-induced IL-6 gene transcription.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Impact of World Health Organization (WHO) new standards on the referral pattern of infertile men for assisted reproduction (2014)

Background New reference values for semen parameters are significantly lower in the WHO 5th edition (2010) than in the 4th edition [1,2]. Some of the highlights of the fifth edition were: 1) subjects included in this edition had < 12 months’ time to pregnancy, 2) semen analyses results were pooled and analyzed for reference values, 3) laboratories generating the data used standardized methods for semen analysis according to WHO manual available at the time of original studies and 4) one-sided lower reference limits (5th centile) were generated and proposed as lower cut-off limits for normal values. The new reference values were aimed at providing evidencebased thresholds to assist clinicians in calculating relative fertility of the patient. The goal of our study was to examine the impact of the new WHO reference values on the referral pattern of infertile men referred for assisted reproduction (IUI, IVF/ICSI).
Factors Which Regulate Net Hepatic Glucose Uptake In Vivo (1991)

The regulation of net hepatic glucose uptake in vivo occurs by way of the hormonal milieu (insulin and glucagon), the glucose level, and the route of glucose delivery. Hyperglycemia in the absence of changes in pancreatic hormones (i.e., increased insulin and/or decreased glucagon) does not elicit significant glucose uptake by the liver. Net hepatic glucose uptake is augmented in a dose-dependent manner by a rise in insulin and is further stimulated by the presence of a "portal signal." The presence of coordinated changes in insulin, glucagon, and the glucose level in combination with the "portal signal" ensures adequate glucose uptake by the liver in response to a meal.
Mechanisms Involved in the Cellular Uptake of Hematoporphyrin by Rat Hepatoma Cells1 (1988)

To clarify the mechanisms involved in the specific uptake of hematoporphyrin by cancer cells, we investigated the interaction of the heme- and/or hematoporphyrin-hemopexin complexes with rat hepatoma dRLh-84 cells. Hemopexin bound to the cells in a saturable, time- and temperature-dependent manner. The cells exhibited 0.55 nmol of binding sites/mg of protein for the heme-hemopexin complex and 0.38 nmol for the hematoporphyrin-hemopexin complex. The dissociation constants (Kd) for the heme-hemopexin and hematoporphyrin-hemopexin complexes were 0.57 and 0.54 microM, respectively. Specific binding of the labeled hemopexin was inhibited by the unlabeled heme- and hematoporphyrin-hemopexin complexes but was unaffected by albumin or neoglycoprotein. Hematoporphyrin bound to hemopexin was incorporated into the cells at 37 degrees C, but not at 4 degrees C. These results indicate that hematoporphyrin bound hemopexin was taken up by dRLh-84 cells, via the hemopexin receptors. When the hematoporphyrin-albumin complex was incubated with the cells, the hematoporphyrin-[125I]albumin complex bound to the cells in a time and temperature-dependent manner. Here the binding was not saturated up to 100 micrograms/ml of albumin. The binding of hematoporphyrin-[125I]albumin was partially inhibited by unlabeled albumin and hemopexin. Hematoporphyrin bound to albumin was taken up by the cells at 37 degrees C. Thus, the albumin-dependent uptake of hematoporphyrin by rat hepatoma dRL-84 cells could be differentiated from the hemopexin-mediated uptake of hematoporphyrin.
Optoelectronic Sensor System for Guidance in Docking (2004)

The Video Guidance Sensor (VGS) system is an optoelectronic sensor that provides automated guidance between two vehicles. In the original intended application, the two vehicles would be spacecraft docking together, but the basic principles of design and operation of the sensor are applicable to aircraft, robots, vehicles, or other objects that may be required to be aligned for docking, assembly, resupply, or precise separation. The system includes a sensor head containing a monochrome charge-coupled- device video camera and pulsed laser diodes mounted on the tracking vehicle, and passive reflective targets on the tracked vehicle. The lasers illuminate the targets, and the resulting video images of the targets are digitized. Then, from the positions of the digitized target images and known geometric relationships among the targets, the relative position and orientation of the vehicles are computed. As described thus far, the VGS system is based on the same principles as those of the system described in Improved Video Sensor System for Guidance in Docking (MFS-31150), NASA Tech Briefs, Vol. 21, No. 4 (April 1997), page 9a. However, the two systems differ in the details of design and operation. The VGS system is designed to operate with the target completely visible within a relative-azimuth range of +/-10.5deg and a relative-elevation range of +/-8deg. The VGS acquires and tracks the target within that field of view at any distance from 1.0 to 110 m and at any relative roll, pitch, and/or yaw angle within +/-10deg. The VGS produces sets of distance and relative-orientation data at a repetition rate of 5 Hz. The software of this system also accommodates the simultaneous operation of two sensors for redundancy
Influence of some set accelerating admixtures on the hydration of Portland cement containing phosphogypsum (1993)

The replacement of phosphogypsum for natural gypsum significantly influenced the early hydration behaviour of OPC. The impurities present in phosphogypsum strongly retarded the hydration of OPC. Addition of set accelerators — calcium formate, calcium nitrate and sodium molybdate — improved the hydration characteristics of OPC containing phosphogypsum. Calcium nitrate was found to be the most effective set accelerator, whereas calcium formate and sodium molybdate showed a moderate acceleration. There was no direct correlation between set acceleration and strength development of the cement pastes. The cement samples with calcium nitrate gave very low strength development at early ages, but very high strength values were obtained with calcium formate at 90 days.
Management Matters: Technology Succeeds When Management Innovates (2000)

Summary It is widely believed that better technology means better business: now that consumers and patients have direct access to computers and information services, the cost of care should decrease and services improve. Yet even with the advent of computer technology and the phenomenal growth of the Internet, costs have increased and quality problems have persisted. Far more important than the technology, then, is how business is conducted and systems are organized. Despite overwhelming evidence that computer services can significantly reduce the costs of care, healthcare organizations have not adopted the changes, or have tried and failed. This article explores what it will take to succeed. We propose a list of necessary nontechnical changes. Patient expectations will change the nature of care; clinicians' roles and training, the gatekeeper profession, healthcare financing and bundling of services, and capital costs will all change. In the end, management innovations make the difference between the success and failure of new technology. Technology is important, but it is not enough. Without new practices, we can buy the technology but will fail to effectively use it. Unless management modifies the very nature of its business, technology's promise to the healthcare industry will go unfulfilled.
Robust disturbance attenuation for uncertain networked control systems with random time delays (2008)

The problem of robust stabilisation and disturbance attenuation for a class of uncertain networked control systems (NCSs) with random communication network-induced delays is studied. Both sensor-to-controller and controller-to-actuator random network-induced delays are considered. Furthermore, Markov processes are used to model these random network-induced delays. Based on the Lyapunov–Razumikhin method, a controller is designed such that both robust stability and a prescribed disturbance attenuation performance for the closed-loop NCS are achieved, irrespective of the uncertainties and network-induced delays. The controller design technique is given in terms of the solvability of bilinear matrix inequalities. An iterative algorithm is proposed to change this non-convex problem into quasi-convex optimisation problems, which can be solved effectively by the mathematical tools available. The effectiveness of the proposed design methodology is verified by a numerical example.
Multicenter Evaluation of a Standardized Protocol for Rest and Acetazolamide Cerebral Blood Flow Assessment Using a Quantitative SPECT Reconstruction Program and Split-Dose <sup>123</sup>I-Iodoamphetamine (2010)

This study demonstrates that SPECT can quantitatively provide physiologic functional images of rest and acetazolamide challenge CBF, using a quantitative reconstruction software package.
An LTCC Based Filter and Front End Module using Heterogeneous Dielectrics (2006)

This paper presents a multi-layered bandpass filter (BPF) and a power amplifier module (PAM) integrated with a SAW duplexer based on heterogeneous ceramic substrates. The heterogeneous substrates are composed of two different ceramic layers with εr = 7.4 and 17.5 in order to take advantage of their own properties. In the PAM substrate, a DC blocking capacitor and a shunt capacitor for an output matching network of a power amplifier are embedded with a material of εr = 17.5 to reduce occupied areas of the capacitors. On the other hand, a quarter-wave-length stripline and RF chokes are realized with a material of εr = 7.4 to reduce signal delay time. In the multi-layered BPF, a coupled stripline and a high shunt capacitor are embedded with materials of εr = 7.4 and 17.5, respectively, resulting in improved spurious characteristics.
Genetic Engineering of Plants to Enhance Selenium Phytoremediation (2002)

Referee: Dr. Dean A. Martens, USDAARS Southwest Watershed, Research Center, 200 E. Allen Road, Tucson, AZ 85719 Phytoremediation is the use of plants to remove, contain, or render harmless environmental pollutants. In recent years, much attention has been focused on the improvement of such technologies for this purpose. In this review, we introduce selenium phytoremediation and describe the attempts made to enhance it through genetic engineering. Initial efforts have taken advantage of the knowledge of the enzymatic pathways for selenium assimilation and volatilization, especially by overexpressing genes of rate-limiting enzymes in plants. Another possible approach is to introduce additional metabolic pathways from selenium hyperaccumulators or organisms other than plants that can help detoxify selenium compounds. In this way the capacity of plants to take up, accumulate, and volatilize compounds can be increased beyond that of any naturally occurring plant species. Here we report on the progress that has been made in overexpressing potentially important enzymes involved in the selenium/sulfur pathways and discuss possible future directions in the enhancement of phytoremediation through genetic engineering.
Measurement of absolute gravity acceleration in Firenze (2011)

Abstract. This paper reports the results from the accurate measurement of the acceleration of gravity g taken at two separate premises in the Polo Scientifico of the University of Firenze (Italy). In these laboratories, two separate experiments aiming at measuring the Newtonian constant and testing the Newtonian law at short distances are in progress. Both experiments require an independent knowledge on the local value of g. The only available datum, pertaining to the italian zero-order gravity network, was taken more than 20 years ago at a distance of more than 60 km from the study site. Gravity measurements were conducted using an FG5 absolute gravimeter, and accompanied by seismic recordings for evaluating the noise condition at the site. The absolute accelerations of gravity at the two laboratories are (980 492 160.6 ± 4.0) μGal and (980 492 048.3 ± 3.0) μGal for the European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS) and Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, respectively. Other than for the two referenced experiments, the data here presented will serve as a benchmark for any future study requiring an accurate knowledge of the absolute value of the acceleration of gravity in the study region.