gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A diffusivity approach for studying polymer structure (1958)

Abstract Study of the diffusion in polymers of molecules comparable in size and structure to the segments of the chain molecules is suggested as a means of securing information on structure and molecular friction forces in polymers. A convenient method for measuring the diffusivity in polymers of such compounds tagged with C‐14 was devised and used to study the diffusivity of octadecane, octadecanol, stearic acid, and octadecyl stearate for a range of temperatures in polymers including natural rubber, GR‐S, polybutadiene, polyisoprene, and polyisobutylene. Diffusivities were independent of concentration for the range used. The diffusivities of straight chain hydrocarbons in natural rubber appear to vary inversely as the molecular weight of the diffusing compound. Evidence was found for association effects in the diffusion of stearic acid in natural rubber. Activation energies for diffusion of the compounds were quite similar in any one polymer and of the same order as reported for low molecular weight hydrocarbons and for viscous flow. Larger differences in activation energies were observed for diffusion in the different polymers. Correlations were observed for the diffusivities of octadecane in a series of polymers with their densities and thermal expansivities, especially the latter. Some study was given to the effect on the diffusivity of octadecane of such parameters as polymer unsaturation, solution viscosity, molecular weight, and crosslink density. The diffusivity of octadecane in natural rubber had a pronounced maximum as a function of crosslink density, coinciding with the maximum in tensile strength. Possible implications of this are discussed. The diffusivities of octadecane in a series of elastomers were studied in relation to the internal frictional losses observed for 60 cps vibrations over a range of temperatures. It was concluded that frictional forces deduced from the diffusivity measurements have some correspondence to high frequency viscoelastic phenomena which involve small units of structure comparable in size to the segments of the polymer molecules.
Contact Potential Measurements at the Interfaces of TPD/Alq<Sub>3</Sub> System OLED by Use of Kelvin Probe Method (2002)

The contact potential differences on various substrates were measured as a function of organic layers thickness. Two different types of structures: traditional ITO/TPD/Alq3/Al structure LiF/Al cathode device. It was found that the introduction of LiF in Alq3/Al interface declined the electron injection barrier, which is supported by I-V characteristics and, in addition, contact potential changed abruptly in 10∼20 Å deposition. A gap state model enables us to explain the shifts of electronic level in organic interface layers.
BİR ÇEVRİM İÇİ UZAKTAN TAKİP SİSTEMİ TASARIMI (2004)

Bu çalışmada düşük maliyetli bir çevrim içi takip sistemi geliştirilmiştir. Takip sistemi, konum belirleme, kablosuz haberleşme ve sayısal harita modülleri olmak üzere üç ana modülden oluşmaktadır. Takip sistemlerinde konum belirleme modülü, hareketli araçların pozisyonlarının tespitinde kullanılmaktadır. Bu modül ile elde edilen pozisyon bilgisi, kablosuz haberleşme sistemi aracılığı ile takip merkezine iletilmekte, takip merkezine ulaşan pozisyon bilgisi merkezde işlenerek araç konumları sayısal harita üzerinde görüntülenmektedir. Geliştirilen sistem ile kampüs içerisinde hareket eden araçların konumları 10m civarında bir hata ile tespit edilebilmekte ve araç hareketleri takip merkezinden on-line izlenebilmektedir. Sistemde kablosuz veri haberleşmesi için analog araç telsizleri kullanılmıştır. Böylece haberleşme için uydu ya da GSM şebekelerinin kullanılmasına gerek kalmamış ve düşük maliyetli-yüksek performanslı bir çevrim içi araç takip sistemi gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Accuracy of a Pregnancy-Associated Glycoprotein ELISA to Determine Pregnancy Status of Lactating Dairy Cows Twenty-Seven Days After Timed Artificial Insemination (2007)

To determine the accuracy of a pregnancy-associated glycoprotein (PAG) ELISA in identifying pregnancy status 27 d after timed artificial insemination (TAI), blood samples were collected from lactating Holstein cows (n = 1,079) 27 d after their first, second, and third postpartum TAI services. Pregnancy diagnosis by transrectal ultrasonography (TU) was performed immediately after blood sample collection, and pregnancy outcomes by TU served as a standard to test the accuracy of the PAG ELISA. Pregnancy outcomes based on the PAG ELISA and TU that agreed were considered correct, whereas the pregnancy status of cows in which pregnancy outcomes between PAG and TU disagreed were reassessed by TU 5 d later. The accuracy of pregnancy diagnosis was less than expected when using TU 27 d after TAI (93.7 to 97.8%), especially when pregnancy outcomes were based on visualization of chorioallantoic fluid and a corpus luteum but when an embryo was not visualized. The accuracy of PAG ELISA outcomes 27 d after TAI was 93.7, 95.4, and 96.2% for first, second, and third postpartum TAI services, respectively. Statistical agreement (kappa) between TU and the PAG ELISA 27 d after TAI was 0.87 to 0.90. Pregnancy outcomes based on the PAG ELISA had a high negative predictive value, indicating that the probability of incorrectly administering PGF(2alpha) to pregnant cows would be low if this test were implemented on a commercial dairy.
Use of Self-Collected Vaginal Swabs for Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis Infection (1998)

To the Editor: We are conducting a community-based randomized trial in 56 villages in a rural Rakai district, Uganda.1–3 Women enrolled in the study are asked to provide self-collected vaginal swab specimens in the home, and those who agree to such sample collection are instructed to squat, insert a Dacron swab up to the vaginal vault, and rotate the swab in the fornices. Since November 1994 we have completed four study rounds at approximately 10-month intervals and enrolled more than 6,000 women during each round. More than 95% of women present at the time of survey provided self-collected vaginal swabs, which were used routinely for Gram's stain diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis or culture for Trichomonas.3,4 At each visit we also collect urine samples for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis using ligase chain reaction (LCR; Abbott Laboratories; Abbott Park, IL), and more than 95% of women have provided urine samples at each study round. During the most recent study round we compared C. trachomatis detected by LCR in paired vaginal swabs and urine samples obtained from 373 women. The results are shown in Table 1. There were 95.4% concordant-negative and 3.5% concordant-positive LCR results from paired swabs and urine samples, for a total agreement of 98.9% from the two sources of specimens. Two positive swabs (0.5%) were negative on urine testing and, conversely, two positive urine samples were found to be negative on LCR testing of swab specimens. Because neither urine nor self-collected vaginal swabs are recognized as the “gold standard” test for detection of C. trachomatis we have not estimated sensitivity and specificity. However, despite a 1.0% disagreement, both sources of samples gave identical estimates of a Chlamydia prevalence of 4.0% in this randomly selected population.TABLE 1: Comparison of C. trachomatis Detected by LCR of Samples From Self-Administered Vaginal Swabs and From UrineOther investigators have also reported that self-collected introital swabs5,6 or tampons7 were satisfactory for chlamydial screening. We conclude that self-collected vaginal swabs can be used as readily as urine samples to screen women for C. trachomatis, and that the collection of such noninvasive specimens is highly acceptable to women in this rural African population.
Nonlinear Temporal Diffraction in Optical Fibers (1992)

We describe and discuss an experiment in peaks in the autocorrelation. The spacing which two temporally stretched femtosecond between the peaks in the autocorrelation pulses interact in a Kerr-like nonlinear medium increases as the delay Δ T at the input increases, to generate new pulses of comparable duration. In contrast to photon-echo experiments, both advanced and retarded pulses are observed. The results can be explained by drawing an analogy between four-wave mixing in real space and diffraction in the time domain.
An FPGA-based tree crown detection approach for remote sensing images (2017)

The on-board data processing for remote sensing images is a popular research issue in recent years. The higher data acquisition speed and the limited power budget of satellite increases the challenges of large-scale remote sensing image processing. This paper proposes a high performance tree crown detection approach for large-scale remote sensing images on FPGAs. A pipelined-friendly and resource-economic tree crown detection algorithm (PF-TCD) is designed through reconstructing and modifying the workflow of the original algorithm. Our proposed PF-TCD obtains 18.75 times speedup for a large-scale real-world remote sensing image compared with a fully-optimized software implementation of the original algorithm on an Intel 12- core CPU.
Application of wavelet transform and Shannon energy on R peak detection algorithm (2016)

The R peak detection algorithm is a necessary tool for monitoring and diagnosing the cardiovascular disease. This paper presents the R peak detection algorithm based on continuous wavelet transform (CWT) and Shannon energy. We evaluate the proposed algorithm with the ECG data record 108 from MIT-BIH arrhythmia database. The record 108 results in high detection error rate (DER) in many previous R peak detection algorithms because it consists of muscle noise, baseline shifts, and abnormal heart beats. Results show that the proposed algorithm gives very good DER (0.79%-0.85%) compared to those from previous publications (0.57%-4.71%). We demonstrated that the use of the CWT with a single scaling parameter is capable of removing noises. In addition, we found that Shannon energy cannot improve the DER value but it can highlight the R peak from the low QRS complex in ECG beat leading to the improvement in the robustness of the R peak detection algorithm.
Physical Characteristics of Aircraft Noise Sources (1953)

Available basic characteristics of different aircraft noise sources under the condition of zero forward speed are summarized: Total acoustic power; acoustic mechanical efficiency; directivity and frequency characteristics are given for the rotation and vortex noise of propellers, for the exhaust noise of reciprocating engines, and for different types of jet engines. The physical mechanisms underlying the different noise sources are discussed and the influence of changes in the parameters such as tip speed or pitch of the propeller and diameter or velocity of the gas jet are shown. In cases where measurements on the actual propulsion systems are incomplete, the basic physical conclusions are drawn from experiments on model airscrews and small air jets. The changes in the characteristics of the noise generators during flight are discussed briefly.
Buffalo pox infection in man. (1992)

Acute insulin resistance is common after injury, infection, and critical illness. To investigate the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in critical illness diabetes, we measured hepatic ROS, which rapidly increased in mouse liver. Overexpression of superoxide dismutase 2, which decreased mitochondrial ROS levels, protected mice from the development of acute hepatic insulin resistance. Insulin-induced intracellular signaling was dramatically decreased, and cellular stress signaling was rapidly increased after injury, resulting in the hyperglycemia of critical illness diabetes. Insulin-induced intracellular signaling, activation of stress (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) signaling, and glucose metabolism were all normalized by superoxide dismutase 2 overexpression or by pretreatment with antioxidants. Thus, ROS play an important role in the development of acute hepatic insulin resistance and activation of stress signaling after injury.
Control of Transcriptional Repression of the Vitellogenin Receptor Gene in Largemouth Bass (Micropterus Salmoides) by Select Estrogen Receptors Isotypes (2014)

The vitellogenin receptor (Vtgr) plays an important role in fish reproduction. This receptor functions to incorporate vitellogenin (Vtg), a macromolecule synthesized and released from the liver in the bloodstream, into oocytes where it is processed into yolk. Although studies have focused on the functional role of Vtgr in fish, the mechanistic control of this gene is still unexplored. Here we report the identification and analysis of the first piscine 5' regulatory region of the vtgr gene which was cloned from largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Using this putative promoter sequence, we investigated a role for hormones, including insulin and 17β-estradiol (E2), in transcriptional regulation through cell-based reporter assays. No effect of insulin was observed, however, E2 was able to repress transcriptional activity of the vtgr promoter through select estrogen receptor subtypes, Esr1 and Esr2a but not Esr2b. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay demonstrated that Esr1 likely interacts with the vtgr promoter region through half ERE and/or SP1 sites, in part. Finally we also show that ethinylestradiol (EE2), but not bisphenol-A (BPA), represses promoter activity similarly to E2. These results reveal for the first time that the Esr1 isoform may play an inhibitory role in the expression of LMB vtgr mRNA under the influence of E2, and potent estrogens such as EE2. In addition, this new evidence suggests that vtgr may be a target of select endocrine disrupting compounds through environmental exposures.
IEM926: an energy efficient SoC with dynamic voltage scaling (2004)

One of today's most successful embedded devices, the mobile phone, embodies a set of challenging design requirements: long battery life, small size, high performance and low cost. The single parameter that complicates the simultaneous fulfilment of all of these design goals is energy efficiency of the system, since batteries only hold a finite amount of charge. To operate within the allotted energy budget, systems must be optimized for energy consumption during design and also at run-time. Increasingly it is not sufficient to statically optimize for worst-case conditions but designers must enable systems to adapt to conditions at run-time. The intelligent energy manager/spl trade/ (IEM) technology provides an integrated solution for addressing energy management of SoC devices. In this paper we present data about the energy consumption characteristics of a multiple power-domain based SoC which includes PDA functionality built around an ARM926EJ-S core.
Proposal for Converting “Total” Dust Limits to Inhalable and Thoracic Dust Limits (1993)

Abstract One step in the implementation of new particle size-selective sampling definitions of inhalable, thoracic, and respirable dust that are becoming internationally accepted is the establishment of appropriate limits on the concentrations of airborne dusts. The preferable approach is to analyze toxicological and epidemiological studies that incorporate sufficient particle size information to obtain particle size-selective dust limits directly. In the absence of such information but with sufficient information about the collection efficiency of the current “total” dust sampler and about the range of workplace aerosol size distributions for the material being considered, there is a rational approach to converting current “total” dust limits to approximately equivalent inhalable or thoracic dust limits, which is described briefly. Currently, there is very little information about the collection efficiency of the “total” dust personal sampler that is used most commonly in the United States. Because of this, there is insufficient information to take even the second approach outlined above. However, recommendations can be developed for converting current “total” dust limits to tentative inhalable or thoracic dust limits using guidelines presented here. Side-by-side sampling comparisons are strongly recommended to discover discrepancies. To illustrate this approach, formulas are proposed for converting current “total” dust limits established in the United States to tentative inhalable or thoracic dust limits (inhalable particulate matter [IPM]- and thoracic particulate matter [TPM] - threshold limit values [TLVs]), whichever is appropriate for the material under consideration:
Cholesterol and Alzheimers Disease: Clinical and Experimental Models Suggest Interactions of Different Genetic, Dietary and Environmental Risk Factors (2004)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive senile dementia characterized by deposition of a 4 kDa peptide of 39-42 residues known as amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta) in the form of senile plaques and the microtubule associated protein tau as paired helical filaments. Genetic studies have identified mutations in the Abeta precursor protein (APP) as the key triggers for the pathogenesis of AD. Other genes such as presenilins 1 and 2 (PS1/2) and apolipoprotein E (APOE) also play a critical role in increased Abeta deposition. Several biochemical and molecular studies using transfected cultured cells and transgenic animals point to mechanisms by which Abeta is generated and aggregated to trigger the neurodegeneration that may cause AD. Three important enzymes collectively known as 'secretases' participate in APP processing leading to the generation of either Abeta or non-amyloid proteins. However, the mechanisms of neurotoxicity of Abeta and the role of APP function in AD remain important unanswered questions. Although early studies recognized the loss of cholesterol and other lipids in the brain, these findings have been poorly connected with AD pathogenesis, despite the identification of the epsilon4 allele of APOE as a major risk factor in AD. The recent finding that cholesterol can modulate the yield of potentially toxic Abeta has boosted research on its role in AD. Consequently, several cholesterol-reducing drugs are currently being evaluated for the treatment of AD. The present review summarizes our current understanding of the relationship of AD pathogenesis with cholesterol, lipids and other genetic and environmental risk factors.
A phase 1/2A trial of synthetic DNA vaccine immunotherapy targeting HPV-16 and -18 after chemoradiation for cervical cancer. (2018)

5525 Background: DNA immunotherapies targeting HPV oncogenes, E6 and E7, have demonstrated clinical efficacy in pre-invasive cervical lesions. Here, we assessed the feasibility of chemoradiation and adjuvant MEDI0457 (INO-3112), a DNA-based immunotherapy targeting HPV-16 and HPV-18 E6 and E7 oncogenes, followed by electroporation (EP) with the CELLECTRA device, in locally advanced and recurrent cervical cancer patients. Methods: Safety and immunogenicity of MEDI0457 were assessed in HPV-16- or HPV-18-positive newly-diagnosed inoperable (Cohort 1, C1) or persistent and/or recurrent disease (Cohort 2, C2) cervical cancer patients treated with standard therapy. MEDI0457 was delivered with EP on day 0, weeks 4, 8, and 12. The primary endpoint was to evaluate safety and tolerability. Secondary objectives included clinical response (PET-CT, clinical exam) and immune responses against HPV antigens as measured by Interferon-g (IFNg) secretion by peripheral blood mononuclear cells and anti-E6/E7 antibody titers. Results: As of Jan 23, 2018, 10 patients (7 C1, 3 C2) with stage IB1-IV HPV 16 (n = 7) or 18 (n = 3) cervical cancers received MEDI0457 after conventional therapy. Treatment-related adverse events were all Grade 1, primarily injection site related. At up to 60 weeks of follow-up, all C1 patients remain alive with no evidence of disease clinically and on PET/CT. Of 3 C2 patients, 1 died, 1 had persistent disease and one remains free of disease. Antibody responses against HPV oncoproteins were detected in up to 60% of patients (anti-HPV16 E6 response: 5/10 patients, anti-HPV18 E6 response: 3/10 patients, anti-HPV16 E7 response: 4/10 patients, anti-HPV18 E7 response 6/10 patients). IFN-g responses were detected in 4/7 C1 patients while no IFN-g response was detected in C2 patients. Conclusions: Adjuvant MEDI0457 is feasible after chemoradiation for locally advanced and/or recurrent cervical cancer. More than half of the patients developed detectable immune responses to HPV antigens after treatment. These results support further study into the efficacy of adding DNA therapy with CELLECTRA EP to chemoradiation for HPV-related cancers. Clinical trial information: NCT02172911.
Digital Signal Processing Laboratory: LabVIEW-Based FPGA Implementation (2010)

Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are increasingly becoming the platform of choice to implement DSP algorithms. This book is designed to allow DSP students or DSP engineers to achieve FPGA implementation of DSP algorithms in a one-semester DSP laboratory course or in a short design cycle time based on the LabVIEW FPGA Module. Features: - The first DSP laboratory book that uses the FPGA platform instead of the DSP platform for implementation of DSP algorithms - Incorporating introductions to LabVIEW and VHDL - Lab experiments covering FPGA implementation of basic DSP topics including convolution, digital filtering, fixed-point data representation, adaptive filtering, frequency domain processing - Hardware FPGA implementation applications including wavelet transform, software-defined radio, and MP3 player - Website providing downloadable LabVIEW FPGA codes
Simulation of Transistor-Level Radiation Effects on System-Level Performance Parameters (2019)

A simulation paradigm is proposed to examine the effects of transistor-level degradation produced by total ionizing dose (TID) on top-level system performance parameters. The approach is demonstrated on a command and data handling (C&DH) board for deep-space CubeSats. Simulation and postirradiation measurements of a temperature control loop show that TID degradation changes temperature regulation significantly.
<i>Sageretia Thea</i> (Osbeck.) Mediated Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Its Biological Applications (2017)

Hemocompatible nature of bioinspired nanoparticles was revealed. Furthermore, the antioxidant activities were performed. In addition, significant protein kinase while insignificant alpha amylase inhibition were recorded.
Physical and Electrochemical Properties of Thioether-Functionalized Ionic Liquids (2009)

The preparation and characterization of a series of ionic liquids based on S-alkyl thiolonium, S-alkyl thiotetrazolium, or S-alkyl thiobenzolium cations coupled with bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide, trifluoromethanesulfonate, alkyl phosphate, chloride, and hexafluorophosphate anions are reported. All are liquid at room temperature, except the chloride salt, which has a melting point of 92 degrees C. The electrochemical characteristics of this class of ionic liquid have been determined by cyclic voltammetry. Potential windows of the ionic liquids have been obtained at glassy carbon, platinum, and gold electrodes and found to be the largest at glassy carbon, but are limited by oxidation of the thioether-functionalized cation. The voltammetry of IUPAC reference potential scale systems, ferrocene/ferrocenium, cobaltocenium/cobaltocene, and decamethylferrocene/decamethylferrocenium have been evaluated, with the last being most widely applicable. Nonadditivity of Faradaic current is found in the voltammograms of decamethylferrocene in the presence of ferrocene and cobaltocenium. Diffusion coefficient, viscosity, ionic conductivity, double layer capacitance, and other physical properties have also been measured. The dependence of the diffusion coefficient vs viscosity follows the Stokes-Einstein relationship. The properties of the ionic liquids are compared with the related imidazolium family of ionic liquids.