gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Staphylococcus aureus: Drug-fastness Studies with Penicillin and Sulfactin. (1948)

SummaryA strain of staphylococci in becoming resistant to penicillin did not show an increase in its resistance to sulfactin. A similar strain of staphylococci in becoming resistant to sulfactin di...
Rhodopsin mutations in Chinese patients with retinitis pigmentosa (2001)

The C-terminal nonsense mutation may cause mis-sorting of rhodopsin protein. The finding of controls with Ala299Ser suggests this is only the third missense alteration reported that does not cause RP. The expected frequency of rhodopsin mutations in RP is <7% (2/101=2.0%, 95% confidence interval: 0.2%-7.0%).
Case of Pregnancy in Two Cows with Unicorn Horn of the Uterus either by Artificial Insemination at Ipsilateral or Embryo Transfer at Contralateral Corpus Luteum in the Ovary (2007)

Two Holstein heifers and a cow were diagnosed with White Heifer Disease by ultrasonography. Case 1 was a 14 month-old heifer with aplasia of both sides of the uterine horn. In case 2, a primiparous cow and case 3, an 18 month-old heifer, both showed aplasia of the right uterine horn. Case 2 became pregnant by artificial insemination at ipsilateral ovulatory follicle and corpus luteum in the left ovary, while case 3 became pregnant by embryo transfer at 7 days after oestrus with contralateral corpus luteum in the right ovary.
The zone of localization of antibodies. VI. The rate of localization of anti-mouse-kidney serum. (1950)

Summary The rate at which antibodies to mouse kidney are extracted from the circulating blood was measured by using antibody tagged with radioactive iodine. It was found that the circulating blood was essentially freed of antibody within 18 minutes after intravenous injection. Some localization of the radioactive anti-kidney antibody in the glomeruli was observable within as little as 2.5 minutes after injection.
Treatment of Esthesioneuroblastoma and Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer with Phenylbutyrate (2011)

Esthesioneuroblastoma is a malignant tumor, arising in the upper nasal cavity, that could spread to the frontal lobe of the brain as well as metastasize to the lymph nodes. Due to the low incidence of this tumor, FDA-approved treatment modalities do not exist and clinical trials have not been performed. We present an interesting case of a 66-year-old female, diagnosed with Kadish stage B esthesioneuroblastoma and stage IIA nonsmall cell carcinoma of the lung, who benefited from our treatment. Both malignancies were diagnosed in 2002 at which time the patient consented to undergo left upper lobectomy for her lung cancer, but she refused the craniofacial resection and radiation therapy recommended for treatment of her esthesioneuroblastoma. From 2003 to 2004 she received treatment at the Burzynski Clinic with oral sodium phenylbutyrate (0.2 g/kg/day). She tolerated the treatment very well without significant adverse events. Gradual reduction in her tumor size was confirmed by repeat MRIs. From treatment start in March 2003 to December 2003 her tumor decreased by 40%. Subsequent MRI from March 2004 revealed increased tumor size, which, however, was still a 13% reduction from the baseline MRI. What is important to mention is that in addition to shrinkage of the esthesioneuroblastoma, the patient obtained the clinical benefit of 3.5-years longer survival than was predicted for her lung cancer—whereas the median survival for a patient with stage IIA adenocarcinoma of the left upper lobe of the lung is approximately two years, our patient survived more than five and a half years. The effect of phenylbutyrate (PB) and its metabolite phenylacetate on neuroblastoma and lung cancer is documented by numerous preclinical studies and is also evident in this case. It is proposed that the activity of these two compounds is mediated through increased expression of the p21 tumor suppressor gene. p21 is a strong inhibitor of cyclin-D and cyclin-dependent kinase 4, which contribute to undifferentiated phenotype in neuroblastoma and are instrumental in cell cycle progression from G1 to S phase. It is hoped that future research and combination of PB with other chemotherapeutic and targeted agents will provide better control of esthesioneuroblastoma and lung cancer.
ESR Relaxation Studies on Orbitally Degenerate Free Radicals. II (1970)

Careful linewidth and saturation studies were performed on several orbitally degenerate hydrocarbon free radicals in liquid solution as a function of temperature, solvent, and counterion, and these are compared with similar studies on nondegenerate hydrocarbon free radicals. The anomalous T1's and T2's attributed to the orbital degeneracy are found to be strikingly independent of all these variables. This is most clearly evidenced for the coronene and triphenylene anion radicals. The results for the benzene and cyclo-octatetraene anions (alkali metal prepared) are complicated by a further contribution to T2−1 which increases with temperature. This contribution is correlated with counterion and solvent dependent ion-pairing effects. The intrinsic temperature-independent T2−1's for the orbitally degenerate free radicals are surprisingly well correlated with the small but anomalous deviations of the g values for these radicals from the Segal, Kaplan, and Fraenkel experimental fit to Stone's theory of g values. This is taken as positive evidence for the role of anomalous spin–orbit interactions in the mechanism(s) yielding the anomalous relaxation times. Their independence of temperature, solvent, and counterion suggests that the relaxation mechanism(s) is largely intramolecular.
Activity‐based probes for the ubiquitin conjugation–deconjugation machinery: new chemistries, new tools, and new insights (2017)

The reversible post-translational modification of proteins by ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins regulates almost all cellular processes, by affecting protein degradation, localization, and complex formation. Deubiquitinases (DUBs) are proteases that remove ubiquitin modifications or cleave ubiquitin chains. Most DUBs are cysteine proteases, which makes them well suited for study by activity-based probes. These DUB probes report on deubiquitinase activity by reacting covalently with the active site in an enzyme-catalyzed manner. They have proven to be important tools to study DUB selectivity and proteolytic activity in different settings, to identify novel DUBs, and to characterize deubiquitinase inhibitors. Inspired by the efficacy of activity-based probes for DUBs, several groups have recently reported probes for the ubiquitin conjugation machinery (E1, E2, and E3 enzymes). Many of these enzymes, while not proteases, also posses active site cysteine residues and can be targeted by covalent probes. In this review, we will discuss how features of the probe (cysteine-reactive group, recognition element, and reporter tag) affect reactivity and suitability for certain experimental applications. We will also review the diverse applications of the current probes, and discuss the need for new probe types to study emerging aspects of ubiquitin biology.
Modelling of rechargeable NiMH batteries (2003)

A new mathematical model has been developed for rechargeable NiMH batteries, which is based on the occurring physical–chemical processes inside. This model enables one to simultaneously simulate the battery voltage, internal gas pressures (both PO2 and PH2) and temperature during battery operation. The model takes into account the thermodynamics, kinetics and diffusion processes occurring at/in both electrodes and in the electrolyte.
Cell-specific effects of thyroid hormone on RC3/neurogranin expression in rat brain. (1996)

To identify thyroid hormone-sensitive neuronal populations in the forebrain, we studied the effects of thyroid hormone deficiency and replacement on the expression of RC3 messenger RNA (mRNA) in the rat brain by in situ hybridization. RC3/neurogranin is a brain-specific, calmodulin-binding, protein kinase C substrate that has been implicated in postsynaptic events involving calcium as a second messenger. We have previously shown that RC3 mRNA and protein concentrations are thyroid hormone dependent in developing and adult rats. In normal developing rats, RC3 expression occurs in two phases. Before postnatal day 10 (P10), RC3 mRNA was detected mainly in layers II/III and V of cerebral cortex and the CA fields of the hippocampus. From P10 to P15, it decreased in layer V and increased in layer VI, the retrosplenial cortex, the caudate-putamen nucleus, and the dentate gyrus. Expression in the caudate followed a lateral to medial gradient. Thyroid hormone deficiency interfered with the late phase of RC3 expression, such that developing hypothyroid rats showed lower RC3 expression in layer VI, the retrosplenial cortex, the dentate gyrus, and the caudate, and increased expression in layer V. These changes were reverted by T4 treatment. Adult- onset hyperthyroidism also reversibly decreased hybridization in the striatum. In contrast to other molecular targets of thyroid hormone in the brain, such as myelin genes, expression of RC3 was also affected by long term hypothyroidism in the absence of hormone replacement, indicating that thyroid hormone is a required factor for the cell-specific control of RC3 expression. In addition to identifying thyroid hormone-sensitive neurons, our results suggest that one action of thyroid hormone during brain development is the timely coordination of gene expression among phenotypically different, region-specific neuronal populations.
Traceless Linkers for Solid‐Phase Organic Synthesis (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Die ZnO - photosensibilisierte Methanoldampfoxydation (1964)

Kinetik und Aktivierungsenergie der Methanoldampfoxydation und des Methanoldampfzerfalls an UV-bestrahltem und unbestrahltem ZnO werden untersucht und verglichen. Neben die Oxydation tritt im Licht und im Dunkeln der Zerfall zu CO und H 2 unter Weiteroxydation zu CO 2 und H 2 O. Die dadurch komplizierte Kinetik kann durch Messung der Partialdrucke mit dem Gaschromatographen erfaßt und durch Anwendung der exakten Nicht-BODENSTEIN-Kinetik aufgeklärt werden. Aus dem Ergebnis muß die vorübergehende Desorption der stabilen Zwischenprodukte vom Kontakt gefolgert werden. Für die Aktivierungsenergie des Methanolzerfalls werden im Dunkeln zwischen 250 und 350°C 41 kcal/mol gefunden. Lichteinstrahlung vermindert diesen Wert auf 35 kcal/mol. Die Aktivierungsenergie der zum Zerfall parallelen Oxydation kann im Dunkeln nicht gemessen werden. Aus dem Auftreten von Methylformiat nur im Licht bei Temperaturen zwischen 100 und 180°C wird die Adsorption des Sauerstoffs am ZnO in Form von Hyperoxidionen, O 2 - , gefolgert. Die Aktivierungsenergie für den Oxydationsschritt mit Hyperoxid beträgt 15 kcal/mol. Die Wirkung des Lichts wird außerdem wie bei der CO-Oxydation 1 in der Elektronenverschiebung im ZnO von O nach Zn gesehen.
Yellow Nutsedge Interference in Polyethylene-Mulched Bell Pepper as Influenced by Turnip Soil Amendment (2011)

Methyl bromide has been widely used as a broad-spectrum fumigant for weed control in polyethylene-mulched bell pepper. However, because of environmental hazards, the phase-out of methyl bromide requires development of alternative weed management strategies. Brassicaceae plants produce glucosinolates which are hydrolyzed to toxic isothiocyanates following tissue decomposition, and therefore can be used as a cultural strategy. Field experiments were conducted in 2007 and 2009 to study the influence of soil amendment (‘Seventop’ turnip cover crop vs. fallow) and the effect of initially planted yellow nutsedge tuber density (0, 50, and 100 tubers m −2 ) on the interference of yellow nutsedge in raised-bed polyethylene-mulched bell pepper. Total glucosinolate production by the turnip cover crop was 12,635 and 22,845 µmol m −2 in 2007 and 2009, respectively, and was mainly contributed by shoots. In general, soil amendment with the turnip cover crop was neither effective in reducing yellow nutsedge growth and tuber production nor in improving bell pepper growth and yield compared to fallow plots at any initial tuber density. Averaged over cover crops, increasing initial tuber density from 50 to 100 tubers m −2 increased yellow nutsedge shoot density, shoot dry weight, and tuber production ≥ 1.4 times. However, increased tuber density had minimal impact on yellow nutsedge height and canopy width. Compared to weed-free plots, interference of yellow nutsedge reduced bell pepper dry weight and marketable yield ≥ 42 and ≥ 47%, respectively. However, bell pepper dry weight and yield reduction from 50 and 100 tubers m −2 were not different. Light was the major resource for which yellow nutsedge competed with bell pepper. Yellow nutsedge shoots grown from initially planted 50 and 100 tubers m −2 caused up to 48 and 67% light interception in bell pepper, respectively. It is concluded that yellow nutsedge interference from initial densities of 50 and 100 tubers m −2 are equally effective in reducing bell pepper yield and that soil biofumigation with turnip is not a viable management option for yellow nutsedge at these densities.
Carbon vs. nitrogen acylation in reactions of organolithium-pyridine adducts with acid chlorides and esters (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCarbon vs. nitrogen acylation in reactions of organolithium-pyridine adducts with acid chlorides and estersC. S. Giam, E. E. Knaus, and F. M. PasuttoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1974, 39, 24, 3565–3568Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00938a025https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00938a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views350Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Scalable and reliable multi session document sharing system (2004)

This paper proposes a document sharing system, which is scalable and reliable between clients in a distributed network environment. Document sharing system that we have implemented is a real time, synchronized document collaboration and sharing application that enables users to share all Web based and popular productivity application documents over existing network environment.
Studies of the Host Response to Infectious Disease: Alterations of RNA Metabolism in Mouse Tissues (1969)

Journal Article Studies of the Host Response to Infectious Disease: Alterations of RNA Metabolism in Mouse Tissues Get access J. Michael Kehoe, J. Michael Kehoe From the U.S. Army Medical Unit, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Frederick, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar George Lustt George Lustt From the U.S. Army Medical Unit, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Frederick, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 120, Issue 4, October 1969, Pages 411–418, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/120.4.411 Published: 01 October 1969 Article history Received: 23 December 1968 Accepted: 12 May 1969 Published: 01 October 1969
Caudate Hyperintensities in Elderly Depressed Patients With Neuroleptic-Induced Parkinsonism (1991)

Elderly patients are particularly sensitive to the neurologic side effects of psychotropic medications. This increased sensitivity may be related to brain structural changes associated with aging. In this pilot study, the authors report on the occurrence of caudate hyperintensities, using brain magnetic resonance imaging, in seven elderly depressed subjects who developed neuroleptic-induced parkinsonism. Caudate hyperintensities were not observed in any of the seven healthy elderly controls examined. These results suggest that caudate hyperintensities may render some elderly depressed patients susceptible to neuroleptic-induced parkinsonism.
Blue light emitting diodes grown on freestanding (11-20) a-plane GaN substrates (2008)

Visible blue light emitting diodes have been produced on freestanding nonpolar GaN (11-20) a-plane substrates by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. The growth conditions have been optimized for smooth growth morphology of GaN nonpolar homoepitaxial layers without surface features, leading to light emitting diode epitaxial structures that are free of crystalline defects such as threading dislocations and stacking faults. Electroluminescence of light emitting diodes exhibit peak wavelengths of ∼450nm and are independent of current level at low current densities before the heating effects are evidenced.
Sequential Autolytic Processing Activates the Zymogen of Arg-gingipain (2003)

Most proteases are synthesized as inactive precursors to protect the synthetic machinery of the cell and allow timing of activation. The mechanisms used to render latency are varied but tend to be conserved within protease families. Proteases belonging to the caspase family have a unique mechanism mediated by transitions of two surface loops, and on the basis of conservation of mechanism one would expect this to be preserved by caspase relatives. We have been able to express the full-length precursor of the Arg-specific caspase relative from the bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis, Arg-gingipain-B, and we show that it contains N- and C-terminal extensions that render a low amount of latency, meaning that the zymogen is substantially active. Three sequential autolytic processing steps at the N and C terminus are required for full activity, and the N-propeptide may serve as an intramolecular chaperone rather than an inhibitory peptide. Each step in activation requires the previous step, and an affinity probe reveals that incremental activity enhancements are achieved in a stepwise manner.
Body mass index of patients with endometrial hyperplasia: comparison to patients with proliferative endometrium and abnormal bleeding. (2011)

These data suggest that higher BMI is associated with endometrial hyperplasia as compared to women with lower BMIs and abnormal bleeding.
Functional Diversity of C2 Domains of Synaptotagmin Family (1995)

Synaptotagmins I and II are inositol high polyphosphate series (inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate (IP4), inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate, and inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate) binding proteins, which are thought to be essential for Ca(2+)-regulated exocytosis of neurosecretory vesicles. In this study, we analyzed the inositol high polyphosphate series binding site in the C2B domain by site-directed mutagenesis and compared the IP4 binding properties of the C2B domains of multiple synaptotagmins (II-IV). The IP4 binding domain of synaptotagmin II is characterized by a cluster of highly conserved, positively charged amino acids (321 GKRLKKKKTTVKKK 324). Among these, three lysine residues, at positions 327, 328, and 332 in the middle of the C2B domain, which is not conserved in the C2A domain, were found to be essential for IP4 binding in synaptotagmin II. When these lysine residues were altered to glutamine, the IP4 binding ability was completely abolished. The primary structures of the IP4 binding sites are highly conserved among synaptotagmins I through IV. However, synaptotagmin III did not show significant binding ability, which may be due to steric hindrance by the C-terminal flanking region. These functional diversities of C2B domains suggest that not all synaptotagmins function as inositol high polyphosphate sensors at the synaptic vesicle.
Terahertz emission from a dc-biased two-color femtosecond laser-induced filament in air (2010)

The generation of terahertz (THz) emission from a dc-biased two-color femtosecond laser-induced filament in air was systematically investigated. A polarization analysis demonstrated that the THz emission could be the sum of two components: one generated by two-color laser-induced filamentation and the second induced by the external dc electric field. The first component is mostly from four-wave mixing process and a transient transverse electric current under the action of the external dc field could be responsible for the second THz emission.
SIMPLIFIED ESTIMATION OF MOUSE ISOHEMAGGLUTININS BY MICROASSAY (1969)

Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, Connecticut 06510
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Reactions of α‐Bromo‐N‐alkoxyimidates (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
EVALUATION OF EFFECTIVENESS OF ANTISTRIP ADDITIVES USING FUZZY SET PROCEDURES (1991)

Asphalt concrete pavement layers are sometimes weakened by moisture when the adhesive bond between the aggregate surface and the asphalt cement is broken. The problem of stripping, or disbonding of asphalt cement from aggregates in asphaltic concrete mixtures, has produced serious pavement distress, has increased pavement maintenance, and has resulted in poor pavement performance. Use of antistrip additive is often necessary to prevent stripping in asphaltic concrete pavements. The selection of an appropriate antistrip additive for a particular project is not an easy task because of the many factors involved. Most highway agencies perform tests on an asphaltic concrete mixture to determine its moisture-susceptibility performance. Some of these tests may include indirect tensile strength, resilient modulus test, boiling test, and moisture-susceptibility tests (e.g., Lottman or Tunnicliff-Root). The results obtained from some or all of these tests are used to determine the moisture susceptibility of a mixture. However, depending upon the agency or individuals involved, each test property may be evaluated differently. Therefore, fuzzy set theory is introduced for selecting the best-performance antistrip additive based on the performance of several asphaltic concrete mixture properties. The Tunnicliff-Root procedure was used to evaluate the effect of antistrip additives on the strength of 960 Marshall specimens. The average dry and wet indirect tensile strength ratio, visual stripping, and the price of the antistrip additives were used in a computer program developed to analyze the data using the fuzzy set theory. In this research project, it was shown that fuzzy sets can be successfully used for evaluating the effectiveness of antistrip additives in asphaltic concrete mixtures.