gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polarization of IL-4- and IFN-γ-producing CD4+ T cells following activation of naive CD4+ T cells (1997)

Naive CD4+ T cells initially transcribe both IL-4 and IFN-gamma when stimulated with either the mitogen Con A or Ag in the presence of IL-4 or IL-12 and, therefore, appear uncommitted as to the pathway of differentiation they will follow. However, when stimulated either with Con A or with Ag in the presence of IL-4, CD4+ T cells become primed to follow the Th2 differentiation pathway, and we show now that by 48 h of culture in this environment these cells extinguish IFN-gamma gene transcription. Likewise, priming in the presence of IL-12 leads to the development of Th1 cells, which switch off the expression of the IL-4 gene. To clarify the Th1 differentiation pathway, we performed ablation studies using IL-4 thymidine kinase transgenic mice. When the antiviral drug ganciclovir was added 1 day after primary stimulation in the presence of IL-12, IFN-gamma- and IL-4-producing cells were ablated. In contrast, when ganciclovir was added 2 days after primary stimulation, IL-4-producing cells, but not IFN-gamma-producing cells, were ablated. Thus, our studies show that by 48 h after activation, Th1 or Th2 cells have already become polarized to the differentiation pathway that they will follow. As the differentiation toward Th1 and Th2 effector cells proceeds, substantial amounts of IFN-gamma and IL-4 mRNA accumulate, while the mRNAs of the corresponding lineage (i.e., IFN-gamma in the case of Th2 cells, and IL-4 in the case of Th1 cells) diminish to undetectable levels. IL-4R is up-regulated during T cell differentiation by a mechanism mediated mainly by IL-4. The fact that IL-12 priming does not suppress IL-4-dependent IL-4R up-regulation shows that both IL-4 mRNA and cytokine are produced by IL-12-primed naive CD4+ T cells during differentiation into Th1 cells. Naive CD4+ T cells, therefore, begin as uncommitted cells which express both Th1 and Th2 cytokines that rapidly extinguish the expression of the inappropriate cytokine as the commitment toward the effector lineages is made.
Panoramic Mass Spectrometer Observation (1946)

In order to facilitate mass spectrometer observation, a low frequency scanning system was used to obtain mass-current curves on the face of an oscilloscope tube. The maximum sensitivity obtained was 5×10−14 amp. per cm vertical deflection. This was limited by the input capacity, the sweep frequency, and the available amplification.
Iridium-192 Implants in the Treatment of Tonsillar Region Malignancies (1985)

A total of 127 patients with histologically proved diagnosis of carcinoma of the tonsillar region and soft palate were treated over the past ten years utilizing interstitial iridium-192 implants. Eighty patients were treated for primary tumors and 47 patients for either recurrent or persistent tumors after definitive irradiation and/or surgery. All patients with primary tumors were treated by a combination of external megavoltage irradiation and interstitial iridium-192 implants, whereas patients with recurrent tumors were treated by interstitial implants alone. In the primary group, 95% of patients with T1 and T2 lesions and 79% with T3 and T4 lesions achieved complete local tumor control. The three-year absolute disease-free survival rate was 72%. Seventy-five percent local tumor control was obtained in patients with recurrent disease, with two-year absolute disease-free survival of 42%. Treatment-related complications such as soft-tissue necrosis or osteoradionecrosis occurred in 6% of patients in the primary group and 23% in recurrent group. This treatment regimen offers an excellent locoregional control with no significant functional or esthetic impairment. Most patients with primary lesions who fail this regimen can be salvaged by surgery or reirradiation using interstitial implants. Reirradiation with interstitial implants is feasible and offers a good chance of long-term local tumor control in the selected group of patients with recurrent disease for whom external irradiation and/or surgery had not been successful.
ESTUDIO DE IMPACTO DE LA IMPLEMENTACIÓN DEL MÓDULO DE INGENIERÍA Y CIENCIA DE LOS MATERIALES EN EL QUINTO GRADO (2004)

2004 Souheil Zekri / LaNetra Clayton / Emily Ferguson / Geoffrey Okogbaa / Ashok Kumar / Tapas Das / Grisselle Centeno / Louis Martin Vega ESTUDIO DE IMPACTO DE LA IMPLEMENTACION DEL MODULO DE INGENIERIA Y CIENCIA DE LOS MATERIALES EN EL QUINTO GRADO Journal of Materials Education, ano/vol. 26, numero 3-4 Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico: University of North Texas Toluca, Mexico pp. 261-266
Photoinduced cationic ring‐opening frontal polymerizations of oxetanes and oxiranes (2004)

Abstract The photoinitiated cationic ring‐opening polymerizations of certain epoxides and 3,3‐disubstituted oxetanes display the characteristics of frontal polymerizations. When irradiated with UV light, these monomers display a marked induction period, during which little conversion of the monomer to the polymer takes place. The local application of heat to an irradiated monomer sample results in polymerization that occurs as a front propagating rapidly throughout the entire reaction mass. For the characterization of these frontal polymerizations, the use of a new monitoring technique, employing optical pyrometry, has been instituted. This method provides a simple, rapid means of following these fast polymerizations and quantitatively determining their frontal velocities. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 1630–1646, 2004
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of α‐Amido Ketones via Organic Catalysis: Thiazolium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Aldehydes with Acylimines. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Pkh1 and Pkh2 Differentially Phosphorylate and Activate Ypk1 and Ykr2 and Define Protein Kinase Modules Required for Maintenance of Cell Wall Integrity (2002)

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Pkh1 and Pkh2 are functionally redundant homologs of mammalian protein kinase, phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1. They activate two closely related, functionally redundant enzymes, Ypk1 and Ykr2 (homologs of mammalian protein kinase, serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible protein kinase). We found that Ypk1 has a more prominent role than Ykr2 in mediating their shared essential function. Considerable evidence demonstrated that Pkh1 preferentially activates Ypk1, whereas Pkh2 preferentially activates Ykr2. Loss of Pkh1 (but not Pkh2) reduced Ypk1 activity; conversely, Pkh1 overexpression increased Ypk1 activity more than Pkh2 overexpression. Loss of Pkh2 reduced Ykr2 activity; correspondingly, Pkh2 overexpression increased Ykr2 activity more than Pkh1 overexpression. When overexpressed, a catalytically active C-terminal fragment (kinase domain) of Ypk1 was growth inhibitory; loss of Pkh1 (but not Pkh2) alleviated toxicity. Loss of Pkh2 (but not Pkh1) exacerbated the slow growth phenotype of a ypk1Delta strain. This Pkh1-Ypk1 and Pkh2-Ykr2 dichotomy is not absolute because all double mutants (pkh1Delta ypk1Delta, pkh2Delta ypk1Delta, pkh1Delta ykr2Delta, and pkh2Delta ykr2Delta) were viable. Compartmentation contributes to selectivity because Pkh1 and Ypk1 were located exclusively in the cytosol, whereas Pkh2 and Ykr2 entered the nucleus. At restrictive temperature, ypk1-1(ts) ykr2Delta cells lysed rapidly, but not in medium containing osmotic support. Dosage and extragenic suppressors were selected. Overexpression of Exg1 (major exoglucanase), or loss of Kex2 (endoprotease involved in Exg1 processing), rescued growth at high temperature. Viability was also maintained by PKC1 overexpression or an activated allele of the downstream protein kinase (BCK1-20). Conversely, absence of Mpk1 (distal mitogen-activated protein kinase of the PKC1 pathway) was lethal in ypk1-1(ts) ykr2Delta cells. Thus, Pkh1-Ypk1 and Pkh2-Ykr2 function in a novel pathway for cell wall integrity that acts in parallel with the Pkc1-dependent pathway.
On Solving Matrix Interpolation Problems via Block-Reduction Method (1989)

A new approach is presented to the generalized Nevanlinna-Pick interpolation problem. This approach is based upon a recursive way, called block-reduction method, for solving the problem of finding all V'(s) (∈CH∞) satisfying ||T-UV||∞<1, where the A-matrix of the minimal realization of U-1(s) has a block diagonal form. Differential interpolation conditions are easily treated.
Mangrovimonas yunxiaonensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from mangrove sediment (2012)

A Gram-negative, short-rod-shaped, orange-pigmented bacterium, strain LYYY01(T), was isolated from a mangrove sediment sample collected from Yunxiao mangrove National Nature Reserve, Fujian Province, China. 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons showed that strain LYYY01(T) is a member of the family Flavobacteriaceae, forming a distinct lineage with species of the genera Meridianimaribacter, Sediminibacter, Gelidibacter and Subsaximicrobium. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain LYYY01(T) and the type strains of related species ranged from 93.9 to 90.9%. Growth was observed at temperatures from 10 to 38 °C, at salinities from 1 to 7% and at pH from 6 to 10. The DNA G+C content of the strain was 38.6 mol% and the major respiratory quinone was menaquinone-6 (MK-6). The major fatty acids were iso-C15:1 (27.6%), iso-C15:0 (24.0%), iso-C17:0 3-OH (12.0%) and iso-C16:0 3-OH (6.2%). According to its morphology, physiology, fatty acid composition and 16S rRNA gene sequence data, strain LYYY01(T) is considered to represent a novel species of a new genus in the family Flavobacteriaceae, for which the name Mangrovimonas yunxiaonensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Mangrovimonas yunxiaonensis is LYYY01(T) (=CGMCC 1.12280(T)=LMG 27142(T)).
Studies on Azulene. VIII. : The Reaction of Guaiazulene with Maleic Anhydride or Acrylic Acid (1971)

Guaiazulene formed blue needle crystals on reaction with maleic anhydride or acrylic acid in a boiling water bath. The products obtained in this experiment were confirmed as 3-(7-isopropyl-1, 4-dimethyl) azulenyl compounds from visible, infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectra, and maleic anhydride adduct was found to be dissociated at a high temperature from gas chromatography and mass spectra.
Resistance of human melanoma cells to ultraviolet radiation. (1976)

A series of five human melanoma cell lines has been demonstrated to be highly resistant to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, with a D0 of 400 ergs/sq mm. Melanotic melanoma cells were found to increase their production of melanin following UV radiation, whereas some amelanotic cells did not. Melanotic and amelanotic melanoma cell lines exhibited the same UV resistance; melanoma and nonmelanoma cells formed the same numbers of thymine dimers at a given UV dose. These data imply that melanin does not play a major role in protecting DNA of melanoma cells against UV damage in culture. The rates of removal of thymine dimers from DNA of melanoma cells were comparable to those in UV-sensitive, nonmelanoma cell lines, so that rapid excision repair does not explain UV resistnace in the melanoma cells. No DNA strand breakage was detected in a melanoma cell line at moderate UV doses.
Hybrid neural-network/HMM approaches to wordspotting (1993)

Two approaches to integrating neural network and hidden Markov model (HMM) algorithms into one hybrid wordspotter are being explored. One approach uses neural network secondary testing to analyze putative hits produced by a high-performance HMM wordspotter. This has provided consistent but small reductions in the number of false alarms required to obtain a given detection rate. In one set of experiments using the NIST Road Rally database, secondary testing reduced the false alarm rate by an average of 16.4%. A second approach uses radial basis function (RBF) neural networks to produce local machine scores for a Viterbi decoder. Network weights and RBF centers are trained at the word level to produce a high score for the correct keyword hits and a low score for false alarms generated by nonkeyword speech. Preliminary experiments using this approach are exploring a constructive approach which adds RBF centers to model nonkeyword near-misses and a cost function which attempts to maximize directly average detection accuracy over a specified range of false alarm rates.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Experiences designing a voice interface for rural India (2008)

In this paper we describe our experiences designing a voice interface in rural India. We outline our design process from initial contextual inquiry to a formal user evaluation, and use this discussion to motivate research guidelines for others designing voice interfaces in developing regions. Our three guidelines are to build around existing information systems, to iterate on the design through user testing, and to explore design alternatives through empirical analysis. We also share some practical lessons learned in designing, implementing, and evaluating information systems for developing regions in general.
Holographic plasmonic tweezing for dynamic trapping and manipulation (2018)

We demonstrate dynamic trapping and computer-controlled manipulation of nanoparticles with plasmonic holograms. Research into plasmonic trapping has been motivated by its potential for enhanced optical forces. However, while holographic optical tweezing has become an indispensible tool to researchers across a wide range of disciplines, the benefits of full computer control over focused trapping sites has not yet been realized for plasmonic tweezing. In this work, by tailoring the illumination pattern of an incident laser beam with a spatial light modulator, the location of a focused plasmonic hotspot can be moved to arbitrary locations across a surface. The trapping hotspot is purely plasmonic, i.e. the incoming laser beam does not directly illuminate the trapped particles and it is constructive and destructive interference of converging plasmon waves that form the mobile trapping sites. Specifically, a computergenerated hologram illuminating around the edges of a silver Bull’s Eye nano-structure generates surface plasmon waves that propagate towards the center. Shifting the phase of the plasmon waves as a function of space around the Bull’s Eye gives complete control over the location of the focus. We show that 200-nm diameter fluorescent nanoparticles trapped in this focus can be moved in arbitrary patterns in the center of the Bull’s Eye structure. This allows, for example, circular motion of the trapped nanoparticle using linearly-polarized light. These results show the versatility of holographically-generated surface plasmon waves for the trapping and manipulation of nanoparticles under full computer control, combining the many benefits of plasmonic tweezing and holographic optical tweezing.
Strategies for scheduling experiments at a Neutron Scattering Facility (2012)

Abstract Strategies for scheduling user experiments taking into consideration reliability issues at a neutron scattering facility were investigated. The facility produces beams of neutrons for experiments in materials science. Ideally, neutron beams produced continuously as scheduled; however, unforeseen outages occur. From data accumulated over a three-year period, a sequence of facility time-on and time-off for a twenty-year period was generated. This sequence was used to test several scheduling strategies for a range of short and long experiments. The tests identified a simple strategy that noticeably increases the chance that a user is able to complete an experiment. The tests were repeated ten times (equivalent to a 200 year period of operation) in order to show the of the study.
Protective Effect of a Fish Egg Homogenate Marine Compound on Arterial Ultrastructure in Spontaneous Hypertensive Rats (2013)

We assessed the effect of a sturgeon eggs-based nutraceutical (LD-1227) versus eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)/docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on the ultrastructure of spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) aortas. Sixty SHR were randomly divided into three groups that were fed (1) rat chow, (2) rat chow plus 10 mg of EPA/DHA, or (3) rat chow plus 10 mg of LD-1227, for 18 weeks. Afterward, aortas of these rats were used for blind measurements of the thickened intima area and examination by electron microscopy. Control SHR showed an expanded subendothelial space and leukocyte infiltration of the intima that were reduced in LD-1227-fed rats (p<0.05) and less in EPA/DHA group. Transmission electron microscopy showed endothelial alteration with severe subcellular injury and, unlike the EPA/DHA-group, LD-1227-treated rats displayed a significant reduction in endothelial alteration with severe subcellular injury (p<0.05). These data suggest that LD-1227 has stronger arterial protective properties and deserves further investigation in view of a preventive medicine strategy.
Numerical Simulation of Finite-Temperature Field Theory for Interacting Bosons (2020)

We report a stable and efficient complex Langevin sampling scheme for performing approximation-free numerical simulations directly on the path-integral coherent-states field theory for an assembly of interacting bosons. We apply the method to generate the λ line of critical phase transitions associated with Bose-Einstein condensation in a model ϕ^{4} scalar field theory. The new approach enjoys near-linear scaling in the resolved (d+1) spatial and imaginary-time dimensions and should be particularly efficient for the study of dense systems at low temperature.
Primary Voltage Control in Active Distribution Networks via Broadcast Signals: The Case of Distributed Storage (2014)

In this paper, we consider an active distribution network (ADN) that performs primary voltage control using real-time demand response via a broadcast low-rate communication signal. The ADN also owns distributed electrical energy storage. We show that it is possible to use the same broadcast signal deployed for controlling loads to manage the distributed storage. To this end, we propose an appropriate control law to be embedded into the distributed electrical storage controllers that reacts to the defined broadcast signal in order to control both active and reactive power injections. We analyze, in particular, the case where electrical storage systems consist of supercapacitor arrays and where the ADN uses the grid explicit congestion notification (GECN) for real-time demand response that the authors have developed in a previous contribution. We estimate the energy reserve required for successfully performing voltage control depending on the characteristics of the network. The performance of the scheme is numerically evaluated on the IEEE 34-node test feeder. We further evaluate the effect, depending on the line characteristics, of reactive versus active power controlled injections. We find that without altering the demand-response signal, a suitably designed controller implemented in the storage devices enables them to successfully contribute to primary voltage control.
Green Fluorescent Protein (<scp>GFP</scp>) (2003)

Abstract Molecular Characterization Applications in Environmental Microbiology Future Developments
Soy Isoflavones Do Not Modulate Prostate-Specific Antigen Concentrations in Older Men in a Randomized Controlled Trial (2004)

Mortality rates for prostate cancer are low in Asia but high in the West. One explanation is the high level of soy consumption in Asia. Soy isoflavones reduce prostate tumor growth in many, but not all, animal models. Elevated levels of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) are a marker of prostate tumor growth. Our objective was to determine whether 12-month soy isoflavone supplementation would alter serum PSA concentrations in healthy, older men. The parent study was a double-blinded, parallel-arm, randomized trial in which participants were assigned to consume either a soy protein drink providing 83 mg/day isoflavones (+ISO) or a similar drink with isoflavones removed (-ISO). Participants in the parent study were 85% men. Of the 128 men enrolled in the trial, 112 completed. These men were later contacted for consent to allow their stored sera to be analyzed for PSA and 81 men consented. We measured PSA in serum collected at 0 and 12 months using a commercial radioimmunometric assay. Serum PSA concentrations increased in both groups over the 12-month intervention, but the changes were similar: Geometric mean PSA concentration increased 0.5% more in the +ISO group than in the -ISO group (P = 0.94; 95% confidence interval = -17.3 to 22.2). The proportion of participants having a serum PSA velocity greater than 1 ng/ml/year was similar in the +ISO and -ISO groups (17.6% versus 12.8%; P = 0.54). We found no evidence that a 12-month 83 mg/day isoflavone treatment alters serum PSA concentration or velocity in seemingly healthy men aged 50-80 years.
Langues de France, langues en danger: aménagement et rôle des linguistes. (2012)

International audience
ChemInform Abstract: A Simple Synthesis of 1‐Aryl‐polyenes. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Well-Differentiated Neuroendocrine Tumors with a Morphologically Apparent High-Grade Component: A Pathway Distinct from Poorly Differentiated Neuroendocrine Carcinomas (2015)

Mixed grades can occur in WD-NETs, which are distinguished from PD-NECs by their unique phenotype, proliferative indices, and the genotype. This phenomenon of mixed grade in WD-NET provides additional evidence to the growing recognition that the current WHO G3 category contains both WD-NETs as well as PD-NECs.
Common PIK3CA Mutants and a Novel 3′ UTR Mutation Are Associated with Increased Sensitivity to Saracatinib (2012)

These results indicate that a personalized approach in targeting Src in PIK3CA-mutant patients with colorectal cancers may prove effective in a subset of patients with this genetic alteration.
A Broad-Band Spherical Satellite Antenna (1960)

The design criteria and results of the design of a broad-band spherical antenna are discussed. The parameters of design and their effect on radiation patterns are briefly investigated. The particular antenna was developed from an equiangular spiral slot plotted on a plane and then projected on the surface of a sphere. Attention is given to problems of isolation and matching when the antenna is used for multifrequency operation. The particular antenna discussed is being used in the TRANSIT satellite program.