gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thermodynamic analysis of Thermophotovoltaic Efficiency and Power Density Tradeoffs (2000)

This report presents an assessment of the efficiency and power density limitations of thermophotovoltaic (TPV) energy conversion systems for both ideal (radiative-limited) and practical (defect-limited) systems. Thermodynamics is integrated into the unique process physics of TPV conversion, and used to define the intrinsic tradeoff between power density and efficiency. The results of the analysis reveal that the selection of diode bandgap sets a limit on achievable efficiency well below the traditional Carnot level. In addition it is shown that filter performance dominates diode performance in any practical TPV system and determines the optimum bandgap for a given radiator temperature. It is demonstrated that for a given radiator temperature, lower bandgap diodes enable both higher efficiency and power density when spectral control limitations are included. The goal of this work is to provide a better understanding of the basic system limitations that will enable successful long-term development of TPV energy conversion technology.
Naturally Occurring Oxygen Heterocyclics. II.<sup>1</sup> Characterization of an Insecticidal Principle from Mammea americana L.<sup>2</sup> (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNaturally Occurring Oxygen Heterocyclics. II.1 Characterization of an Insecticidal Principle from Mammea americana L.2Carl Djerassi, E. J. Eisenbraun, B. Gilbert, A. J. Lemin, S. P. Marfey, and M. P. MorrisCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 14, 3686–3691Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01547a054https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01547a054research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views67Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Ratioed CMOS: a low power high speed design choice in SOI technologies (2002)

Ratioed CMOS gates implemented in a partially-depleted (PD) SOI CMOS technology are usually considered to be high power but end up being both faster and lower power than other circuit implementations, mainly due to the reduced junction capacitance in SOI devices as well as floating-body effects. As an example, a high performance multiplier shifter is 3 to 4 times faster and dissipates 9 times less power than more conventional implementations.
9-Amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine-1-ol (HP 029) analogues: acetylcholinesterase and amine uptake inhibitory properties (1989)

Conference Article| February 01 1989 9-Amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine-1-ol (HP 029) analogues: acetylcholinesterase and amine uptake inhibitory properties DANIEL B. ELLIS; DANIEL B. ELLIS 1Department of Biochemistry and Chemical Research, Hoechst-Roussel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Somerville, NJ 08876, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar GINA M. BORES; GINA M. BORES 1Department of Biochemistry and Chemical Research, Hoechst-Roussel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Somerville, NJ 08876, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar GREGORY M. SHUTSKE; GREGORY M. SHUTSKE 1Department of Biochemistry and Chemical Research, Hoechst-Roussel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Somerville, NJ 08876, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar FRANCIS P. HUGER FRANCIS P. HUGER 1Department of Biochemistry and Chemical Research, Hoechst-Roussel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Somerville, NJ 08876, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1989) 17 (1): 210–211. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0170210 Article history Received: June 27 1988 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation DANIEL B. ELLIS, GINA M. BORES, GREGORY M. SHUTSKE, FRANCIS P. HUGER; 9-Amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine-1-ol (HP 029) analogues: acetylcholinesterase and amine uptake inhibitory properties. Biochem Soc Trans 1 February 1989; 17 (1): 210–211. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0170210 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: AD, Alzheimer's disease, AChE, acetylcholinesterase, BChE, butyrylcholinesterase, NA, noradrenaline, THA, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9-aminoacridine This content is only available as a PDF. © 1989 Biochemical Society1989 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
<i>Rab2</i>nucleotide coding sequence in<i>gallus gallus</i>and its phylogenetic position (1995)

The nucleic acid sequence of the chicken rab2 mRNA was determined by sequencing a full length cDNA. The phylogeny of rab2 sequences was established.
HPTLC quantitation of camptothecin in<i>Nothapodytes foetida</i>(Wight) Sleumer stem powder (2007)

A sensitive and reliable high-performance thin layer chromatographic method has been developed for quantitation of camptothecin in the dry stem powder of Nothapodytes foetida (Wight) Sleumer. A methanolic extract of the dry powder was chromatographed on silica gel 60F 254 plates with toluene-acetonitrile-glacial acetic acid, 6.5 + 3.5 + 0.1 ( v / v ), as mobile phase. Detection and quantitation were performed by densitometric scanning, in fluorescence mode at λ = 370 nm, by use of a mercury lamp. The accuracy of the method was checked by determination of recovery, using the standard-addition method. Recovery was 99.49%. The average camptothecin content of the powder was 0.059%. The method is rapid, simple, and precise.
Pharmacokinetics of ICG and HPPH-car for Detection of Normal and Tumor Tissue Using Fluorescence, Near-Infrared Continuous Wave Imaging (2000)

We present in-vivo fluorescent, near-infrared, continuous wave images of indocyanine green (ICG) and carotene-conjugated 2-devinyl-2-(l-hexyloxyethyl) pyropheophorbide (HPPH-car) to discriminate spontaneous canine adenocarcinoma from normal mammary tissue. Following intravenous administration of 1.0 mg/kg ICG or 0.3 mg/kg HPPH-car into the canine, a 20-mW, 780-nm or 100-mW, 660-nm laser diode beam, expanded by a diverging lens to approximately 4 cm in diameter, illuminated the surface of the mammary tissue. Successfully propagating to the tissue surface, ICG or HPPH-car fluorescence generated from within the tissue was collected by an image-intensified, CCD camera fitted with an 830-nm or 710-nrn bandpass interference filter. Upon collecting time-dependent fluorescent images at the tissue surface overlying both normal and diseased tissue volumes and fitting these images to a pharmacokinetic model describing the uptake (wash-in) and release (wash-out) of fluorescent dye, the pharmacokinetics of fluorescent dye was spatially determined. Mapping the pharmacokinetic parameters for ICG indicates that the dye acts as a blood pool or blood persistent agent with enhanced passive uptake into or retention in diseased tissue regions presumably owing to "leaky" angiogenic vessels feeding the tumor. The wash-out of ICG was delayed for up to 72 hours after intravenous injection in tissue volumes associated with disease, for ICG fluorescence was still detected in the diseased tissue 72 hours post-injection. In contrast, HPPH-car pharmacokinetics illustrated active uptake into diseased tissues, perhaps owing to the over-expression of LDL receptors associated with the tumor endothelium. HPPH-car fluorescence was not discernable after 24 hours. This work illustrates the ability to monitor the pharmacokinetic delivery of near-infrared fluorescent dyes within tissue volumes as great as 2 cm from the tissue surface and to differentiate normal from diseased tissue volumes on the basis of parameters obtained from the pharmacokinetic models.
Folding Peptides into Lipid Bilayer Membranes (2008)

The adsorption, insertion, and folding of a synthetic 16-residue WALP peptide was studied at physiological time scales (>μs) by atomic detail molecular dynamics simulation using a fully explicit DPPC/DMPC lipid bilayer setup. The temperature was elevated to 80 °C/44 °C respectively to increase sampling. After spontaneous adsorption the peptide crosses the polar interfaces to locate at the hydrophobic bilayer core. Remarkably, insertion occurs before folding, and the dominant configurations are inserted beta-hairpins. For the DPPC simulation a trans-membrane helix formed but was not stable. Unfolded membrane insertion of WALP was first observed by Nymeyer and co-workers using a replica exchange method. However, both results are in stark contrast to current theory and simulations with implicit membrane models, which rule out unfolded insertion into the hydrophobic core. At present the exact reasons for this unexpected behavior cannot be unambiguously determined, due to the lack suitable experimental and simulation data to compare to. Nevertheless, the results demonstrate that simulation studies can now in principle provide atomic detail insights into complex biophysical phenomena at physiologically relevant time scales. Future effort must now concentrate on suitable ways to verify current force fields and methodologies for such simulations.
Development of Hybrid Simulation for Supersonic Chemical Oxygen-Iodine Laser (2006)

DOI: 10.2514/1.20339 A numerical simulation method for a supersonic chemical oxygen–iodine laser is developed. The model is a combination of a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics code without kinetics and a detailed onedimensional,multiple-leaky-stream-tubeskineticscode.Intheproposedmethod,thedetailed flowfieldcharacteristic is calculated by solving a full Navier–Stokes equation that does not involve chemical reactions, and the resultant temperature, velocity, and mixing characteristics are input to the kinetics code as its boundary conditions. A “nonuniform coefficient” is introduced to transform the fluid-dynamic mixing to the diffusive mixing term of the kinetics code. As a result, precise predictions of the gain distribution and laser output are given with a reasonable computational cost. The developed model is applied to the X-wing-type supersonic mixing chemical oxygen–iodine laser, which we have developed, and the calculated gain and output power are compared with the experimental results. The excellent agreements of calculated and experimental results show the validity of the developed method.
Band 3 Memphis variant II. Altered stilbene disulfonate binding and the Diego (Dia) blood group antigen are associated with the human erythrocyte band 3 mutation Pro854–>Leu. (1994)

Band 3 Memphis is a commonly occurring polymorphic form of the human red cell anion transporter (band 3, AE1). Band 3 Memphis migrates more slowly on an SDS-polyacrylamide gel than normal band 3 and results from a point mutation Lys56-->Glu. Two types of band 3 Memphis, variants I and II, can be distinguished by their susceptibility to covalent labeling with H2DIDS (4,4'-diisothiocyanato-2,2'-dihydrostilbene disulfonate). Memphis variant II is more readily labeled than Memphis variant I or normal band 3. The Memphis variant II is also associated with the presence of the Diego (Dia) blood group antigen on the red cells. We have shown that Memphis variant II carries the polymorphism Pro854-->Leu, as well as Lys56-->Glu. The blood group antigen (Dia) present at the surface of Memphis variant II type red cells suggests the mutation Pro854-->Leu causes a change in the structure of an extracellular loop of Memphis variant II band 3. We discuss possible ways in which the mutation Pro854-->Leu affects the reactivity of Lys539 to covalent reaction with H2DIDS.
The crystal and molecular structure of sulfur nitride-boron trifluoride (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe crystal and molecular structure of sulfur nitride-boron trifluorideMichael G. B. Drew, David H. Templeton, and Allen ZalkinCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1967, 6, 10, 1906–1910Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50056a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50056a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views64Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effect of amplification of the Cap b locus on complement-mediated bacteriolysis and opsonization of type b Haemophilus influenzae (1996)

Amplification of the Cap b locus of Haemophilus influenzae occurs frequently in clinical isolates and has been proposed to be a mechanism by which this organism evades host defense. To determine if amplification of this locus affected complement fixation, in vitro studies to determine complement-mediated bacteriolysis and complement-mediated opsonization of an isogenic set of organisms containing 2, 3, and 4 copies of the Cap b locus were performed. Organisms containing 4 copies of the Cap b locus were significantly more resistant to antibody-dependent, classical complement pathway-directed bacteriolysis than were organisms containing 2 copies. Organisms containing 3 copies of this locus exhibited intermediate susceptibility to lysis. Complement-mediated opsonization of these organisms was assessed by determining the degree of binding of bacteria to murine or human macrophages or to nonphagocytic cells transfected with the genes for human Mac-1, the complement receptor type 3. In all three assay systems, organisms containing 4 copies of the Cap b locus bound less well than did organisms containing 2 copies of this locus. Consistent with their decreased susceptibility to lysis and opsonization, organisms with 4 copies of the Cap b locus fixed less C3 than did organisms containing 2 copies. These data demonstrate that amplification of the Cap b locus is associated with decreased susceptibility to complement-mediated lysis and decreased complement-mediated opsonization and suggest that amplification is used by these pathogens to increase their resistance to complement-dependent host defense mechanisms [correction of mecanisms].
α-spectrin is required for germline cell division and differentiation in the <i>Drosophila</i> ovary (1996)

During Drosophila oogenesis, developing germline cysts are spanned by a large cytoplasmic structure called a fusome, containing alpha-spectrin and the adducin-like product of the hu-li tai shao (hts) gene. We found that fusomes contain two additional membrane skeletal proteins: beta-spectrin and ankyrin. hts was shown previously to be required for cyst formation and oocyte differentiation; the role of the fusome itself, however, and the organization and function of its other components, remains unclear. Using the FRT/FLP recombinase system to generate clones of alpha-spectrin-deficient cells in the ovary, we have shown that alpha-spectrin is also required for cyst formation and oocyte differentiation, but that its role in each process is distinct from that of Hts protein. Furthermore, alpha-spectrin is required for these processes in germline cells, but not in the follicle cells that surround each cyst. We have also found that the organization of membrane skeletal proteins is more dependent on alpha-spectrin in the fusome than at the plasma membrane in other cells. Our results suggest that the fusome and its associated membrane skeleton play a central role in regulating the divisions and differentiation of cyst cells.
Population structure of the genes encoding the polymorphic <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> apical membrane antigen 1: Implications for vaccine design (2008)

Immunization with the highly polymorphic Plasmodium falciparum apical membrane antigen 1 (PfAMA1) induces protection in animals but primarily against parasites that express the same or similar alleles. One strategy to overcome the obstacle of polymorphism is to combine PfAMA1 proteins representing major haplotypes into one vaccine. To determine the minimum number of haplotypes that would confer broad protection, we sequenced the coding region of PfAMA1 from 97 clones from around the world and 61 isolates from Mali, identifying 150 haplotypes for domains 1 to 3 that included previous sequences. A clustering algorithm grouped the 150 haplotypes into six populations that were independent of geographic location. Each of the six populations contained haplotypes predominantly of that population (predominant haplotypes) and haplotypes that were a mixture of haplotypes represented in other populations (admixed haplotypes). To determine the biological relevance of the populations identified through the clustering algorithm, antibodies induced against one predominant haplotype of population 1 (3D7) and one admixed haplotype of population 5 (FVO) were tested for their ability to block parasite invasion of erythrocytes. Parasites expressing PfAMA1s belonging to population 1 were efficiently inhibited by 3D7-specific antibodies, whereas parasites expressing PfAMA1s belonging to other populations were not. For FVO-specific antibodies, we observed growth inhibition against itself as well as isolates belonging to populations 3 and 6. Our data suggests that the inclusion of PfAMA1 sequences from each of the six populations may result in a vaccine that induces protective immunity against a broad range of malaria parasites.
Aristophenones A and B. A New Tautomeric Pair of Polyisoprenylated Benzophenones from <i>Garcinia aristata</i> (2001)

A tautomeric pair of new isoprenylated benzophenones, aristophenone A (1a) and B (1b), have been isolated from Garcinia aristata fruits. Their structures has been determined using high-field 2D NMR techniques.
Absolute fluorine atom concentrations in fluorocarbon plasmas determined from CF2 loss kinetics (2001)

We present a simple technique for determining the absolute fluorine atom concentration in pure CF4 capacitively coupled radio-frequency discharges. It is based on the measurement, by laser-induced fluorescence, of the loss rate kloss of the CF2 radical in the afterglow of a pulsed plasma. We first demonstrate that in our conditions, CF2 is lost only by gas phase recombination with F atoms (with a known rate constant krec) and by recombination at the reactor walls at a rate kwall, independent of the rf power injected. Hence, the total CF2 loss rate, kloss=kwall+krec[F], varies linearly with [F] when the rf power is increased. By recording kloss and the relative variation of the F atom concentration (by optical emission actinometry) as a function of rf power, kwall and [F] can be determined. These measurements of [F] complement previous quantitative measurements of CF and CF2 radicals [Booth et al., J. Appl. Phys. 85, 3097 (1999); and Cunge and Booth, J. Appl. Phys. 85, 3952 (1999)] made in the same reactor for the same plasma conditions.
A comprehensive synthetic genetic interaction network governing yeast histone acetylation and deacetylation (2008)

Histone acetylation and deacetylation are among the principal mechanisms by which chromatin is regulated during transcription, DNA silencing, and DNA repair. We analyzed patterns of genetic interactions uncovered during comprehensive genome-wide analyses in yeast to probe how histone acetyltransferase (HAT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) protein complexes interact. The genetic interaction data unveil an underappreciated role of HDACs in maintaining cellular viability, and led us to show that deacetylation of the histone variant Htz1p at Lys 14 is mediated by Hda1p. Studies of the essential nucleosome acetyltransferase of H4 (NuA4) revealed acetylation-dependent protein stabilization of Yng2p, a potential nonhistone substrate of NuA4 and Rpd3C, and led to a new functional organization model for this critical complex. We also found that DNA double-stranded breaks (DSBs) result in local recruitment of the NuA4 complex, followed by an elaborate NuA4 remodeling process concomitant with Rpd3p recruitment and histone deacetylation. These new characterizations of the HDA and NuA4 complexes demonstrate how systematic analyses of genetic interactions may help illuminate the mechanisms of intricate cellular processes.
Conformational Studies of Peptides Containing <i>cis</i>-3-Hydroxy-<scp>d</scp>-proline (2004)

Conformational analysis of peptides containing cis-3-hydroxy-d-proline (d-cis-3-Hyp) by NMR studies revealed that the 3-hydroxyl group in this amino acid plays a significant role in the overall three-dimensional structures of the peptides. When the d-cis-3-Hyp had its 3-hydroxyl group protected as the benzyl (Bn) ether, the peptide displayed a β-hairpin structure in both CDCl3 and DMSO-d6. Even after the removal of the Bn group, the resulting deprotected compound retained the same structure as in the protected version in CDCl3. However, in polar solvent DMSO-d6, the C-terminal strand of the hydroxyl-deprotected peptide flipped to the side of the hydroxyl group, breaking the hairpin to form a pseudo β-turn-like nine-membered ring structure involving an intramolecular hydrogen bond between LeuNH → HypC3-OH.
Fuzzy rule-based image processing (1997)

A novel image-processing technique based on fuzzy rules is proposed. This technique uses human knowledge about how an image should be processed depending on the local characteristics of image. The knowledge is represented by fuzzy rules and is also represented by a multidimensional nonlinear function which can be optimized by training. Efficient noise reduction and edge detection are realized by this fuzzy rule-based method. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 8, 457–461, 1997
Amniotic fluid matrix metalloproteinase-9 levels in women with preterm labor and suspected intra-amniotic infection (1999)

Measuring matrix metalloproteinase-9 in the AF appeared to be reliable for diagnosing intra-amniotic infection. An elevated matrix metalloproteinase-9 concentration in the AF at a preterm gestational age may portend imminent delivery regardless of microbiologic confirmation of intra-amniotic infection.