gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and molecular structure of 3-[5-(quinolin-2-yl)penta-1,4-dien-1-yl]-1,4-benzodioxin-2-one (2013)

Acid-catalyzed reaction of 6,10a-dihydroxy-3,4a,7,9-tetra(tert-butyl)-1,2,4a,10a-tetrahydrodibenzo-[b,e][1,4]dioxine-1,2-dione with 4-chloro-2,7,8-trimethylquinoline gave previously unknown 3,6,8-tri-tert-butyl-3-[2-tert-butyl-5-(4-chloro-7,8-dimethylquinolin-2-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-oxopenta-1,4-dien-1-yl]-5-hydroxy-1,4-benzodioxin-2-one whose structure was determined by X-ray analysis. The energy and structure parameters of possible isomers of the product in the gas phase and in solution were estimated by PBE0/6-31G** quantum-chemical calculations.
Clinically Harmonized Wellness Concepts Model for Health and Wellness Services (2018)

A considerable number of frameworks and platforms are available to model terminologies in the clinical domains, but wellness domain lacks a development framework. The objective of this paper is to develop a clinically influenced and harmonized wellness concepts model (WCM) in order to support diverse wellness applications and services. This model is supported by a novel framework in the wellness domain. In order to develop wellness concepts model, the proposed framework is divided into four processes; start-up and initiation process, WCM modeling and evolution process, WCM production process, and release process. The WCM modeling and evolution process extracts top level hierarchical concepts from the existing published literature using a systematic review process. The framework also extends its scope to evolution using the wellness recommendations guidelines. The evolution process is supported by clinical concepts harmonization with the help of terminology standard, SNOMED CT. We validated the top level hierarchical concepts using a group of experts based on a decision-making method known as the nominal group technique (NGT). In the final decision of the NGT, 14.7% of the hierarchical concepts are eliminated from the model due to their voting score of less than 70% in the expert panel. The top level concepts of the model are cross-validated using structured equation modeling (SEM). The chi-square ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\chi ^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ) test and root mean square error of approximation test results demonstrated the acceptable goodness of fit indices for the WCM with respect to experts’ and users’ opinions. In order to fill the gap that existed in wellness and clinical domain, this paper systematically investigated concepts for building a clinically harmonized model called the WCM. The proposed WCM development framework is validated through the NGT and SEM.
An Analysis and Design of a Linear Guarded Cut-Bar Apparatus for Thermal Conductivity Measurements (1968)

Abstract : A quantitative analysis of the Cut-Bar method of measuring the thermal conductivity of solids is performed. The mathematical model, which corrects for the difference in heat flux in the specimen and reference standard, is that of the two dimensional steady heat conduction equation applied to an annulus of insulation. The solution is presented in detail and found to be comprised of two physically distinct parts, a conductivity factor and a geometrical factor. A number of charts and graphs are presented for clarification as to the nature and magnitude the relative sizes of the various components will have on the accuracy over different conductivity ranges. The complexity of the geometrical factor required digital computer programs which are included. Reference is made to a similar study, performed by researchers at the National Bureau of Standards. It is found that the differences in the guard temperature distribution results in a substantial change in the geometrical factor.
Proteoglycan and proteome profiling of central human pulmonary fibrotic tissue utilizing miniaturized sample preparation: A feasibility study (2002)

The objective of this study was to isolate fibrotic cells from human lung biopsies taken from different central pulmonary locations. A comparison was made of cell morphology, proteoglycan- and protein-expression in mesenchymal cell cultures obtained from human bronchial biopsies from patients with asthmatic-like disorders. We isolated viable cells from 10 out of the 12 biopsies. The fibroblast-like cells were positive for the biomarker a-smooth muscle actin, indicating that the cells were in an activated state. Two different types of fibroblast-like cells were observed from human pulmonary connective tissue; one of contractile type with lamellipodia that facilitate migration and a second cell type with an increased cell size, which most likely is of a synthetic phenotype. This is the first evidence of alterations in the proteoglycan expression pattern of versican, perlecan, biglycan and decorin which can be linked to the pathophysiological state of asthmatics proven by a combination of solid-phase extraction by reversed phase and by peptide mass fingerprinting using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. Protein expression analysis using two-dimensional electrophoresis was interfaced to miniaturized sample preparation techniques using microcapillary extraction. Four protein groups were identified; cytoskeletal, adhesion, scavenger and metabolic proteins. These patient's proteomes showed a high degree of heterogeneity between patients but larger homogeneity within biopsies derived from different locations of the same patient.
Ergonomic Risk Exposure and Upper-Extremity Cumulative Trauma Disorders in a Maquiladora Medical Devices Manufacturing Plant (1997)

Workers at a Nogales, Mexico, maquiladora plant that assembles medical devices were studied to determine the prevalence of upper-extremity cumulative trauma disorders (CTD). Subjects included production workers employed 6 months or longer; of the 148 eligible workers, 145 (98%) participated. Subjects had a mean age of 24.6 years (SD = 5.2; range, 17 to 45) and the mean length of employment was 3.5 years (SD = 2.5; range, 0.5 to 14). Job tasks were videotaped and analyzed for ergonomic risk factors, using pre-defined criteria. All jobs performed by study subjects were found to involve one or more ergonomic risk factors associated with the development of CTD. A CTD questionnaire and screening physical examination format, similar to that used by the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) in a chicken processing plant study, were administered. Period prevalence of CTD within the previous year, as reported on the questionnaire, was 28%. Prevalence of CTD was 17%, using data from the screening physical examination. Point prevalence (current pain data from the questionnaire plus positive symptoms on the screening physical examination) was 15%. CTD was reported more frequently in women than men (46% and 25%, respectively; P < 0.05) and in subjects who had worked at the plant less than one year (50%; P < 0.05). Workforce turnover (3% monthly) may have resulted in those affected by CTD leaving employment, reducing the apparent CTD rate in experienced workers.
Polarization preservation of white-light supercontinuum generation (2008)

We demonstrate that the supercontinuum picosecond generation (SC) preserves the polarization state, linear, elliptical and circular, of the pump source. Additionally, an analysis of the main mechanism was done based on the spectra polarization dependence.
Conformational isomers and ring inversion of neolinderalactone, a ten-membered-ring furanosesquiterpene (1970)

The 1H n.m.r. and c.d. spectra of two conformational isomers of neolinderalactone (I) at various temperatures have been examined to determine their conformations, their Gibbs' free energy difference, and the potential barrier to inversion of the ten-membered ring.
Compressive Behavior of Crosslinked Mesoporous Aerogels at High Strain Rates (2008)

Aerogels have exceptional properties such as high dielectric constant, high thermal insulation and high acoustic damping. Their applications, however, have been slow due to the well-known fragility and hygroscopic behavior. These problems have been resolved by nanoencapsulating a thin layer of polymers on the silica nanoparticles without clogging the pores. The resulting crosslinked aerogels are ductile, stable in water, and mechanically strong. In analogy to polymer-crosslinked silica aerogels, the mesoporous surfaces of silica-derived co-continuous mesopores have been coated conformally with isocyanate-derived polymers, and a new class of crosslinked templated silica aerogels was synthesized with ordered nanostructure. In this paper we characterize the dynamic compressive behavior of these crosslinked mesoporous aerogels, namely X-MP4, X-MP4-T045 and X-MP4-T310, at high strain rates using a long split Hopkinson pressure bar. The stress-strain relations at high strain rates have been determined. Results indicate that these materials have extremely high specific energy absorption capability.
Isolation of Protactinium from a New Source<sup>1</sup> (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIsolation of Protactinium from a New Source1R. Elson, G. W. Mason, D. F. Peppard, P. A. Sellers, and M. H. StudierCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1951, 73, 10, 4974–4975Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01154a510https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01154a510research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views49Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Nucleotide deletion in <i>RHCE</i>*<i>cE (907delC)</i> is responsible for a D– – haplotype in Hispanics (2011)

A novel allele, RHCE*cE 907delC (ISBT provisional designation RHCE*03N.02), silences c and E and in the homozygous state resulted in a D- - phenotype and production of anti-Rh17. All eight probands were Hispanic. The allele is associated with discrepant molecular typing, with an approximate frequency of 0.005 in Hispanics.
Low frequency noise measurements of p-channel Si/sub 1-x/Ge/sub x/ MOSFET's (1999)

In this brief, we report an investigation of the low frequency noise in p-channel SiGe MOSFET's. At low gate bias the noise spectrum consists of several trap related generation-recombination (g-r) noise components. At higher gate bias, the noise spectrum is dominated by 1/f noise. The 1/f noise is attributed to a fluctuation in the number of free carriers and the effective slow state trap density at the Fermi energy calculated.
Temperature effects on seed color in black- and yellow-seeded rapeseed (1993)

The effects of growth temperature on seed color of two black- and four yellow-seeded doubled-haploid genotypes of Brassica napus were examined with plants grown at 16/12, 18/14, 20/16, 22/18 and 24/20 °C (day/night). High temperatures significantly reduced seed color that developed on yellow-seeded genotypes but did not alter seed color produced on black-seeded genotypes. The decrease in pigmentation measured with a modified near-infrared reflectance analyzer was linearly related to temperature for the yellow-seeded genotypes. Significant differences in the magnitudes of the response were observed among the yellow-seeded genotypes. This is the first systematic study of temperature effects on seed color in rapeseed. The results confirm previous preliminary reports of environmental modifications of this trait. The study also illustrates a method for determining temperature effects on seed-color expressivity that may be useful for plant breeding programs. Key words: Temperature, Brassica napus, seed color
A comparative assessment of the incidence of steatohepatitis seen with modern chemotherapy agents (2005)

8051 Background: Steatohepatits, otherwise known as fatty liver, has been associated with a number of chemotherapy agents, in particular the fluoropyrimidines. Chemotherapy Associated Steatohepatitis (CASH) can cause a number of clinical problems including misinterpretation of fatty liver for tumor progression and increased morbidity and mortality post liver resection (Kooby et al J Gastrointest Surg 2003). There has been no formal evaluation of the relative incidence of CASH with modern chemotherapy agents although a recent report suggests that oxaliplatin may be associated with hepatic sinusoidal obstruction (Rubbia-Brandt et al Ann Oncol 2004). Methods: We randomly identified 75 chemonaive patients from our institution that were treated with at least 2 months of either 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin (FU/LV) (n=25), irinotecan + FU/LV (n=25), or oxaliplatin + FU/LV (n=25) for advanced colorectal carcinoma (CRC). A quantitative assessment of CASH was performed by measuring Hounsfield units in 3 separate areas on the liver, spleen and paraspinal muscles respectively on pre and post chemotherapy computed tomography (CT) scans in each patient. Results: Attenuation measurements were performed on all 75 patients at a number of levels in the right lobe of the liver and at the closest corresponding levels of the spleen and muscle, immediately prior to and after administration of chemotherapy. Mean liver-spleen attenuation difference values were compared and those values which reduced by more than a predefined threshold value post chemotherapy were considered fatty. The results show 6 of 25 (24%) of the 5FU group, 12 of 25 (48%) of the CPT11 group, and 7 of 25 (28%) of the FOLFOX treated group showed attenuation differences consistent with interval development of diffuse fatty change in the liver. Conclusions: CASH can occur with modern chemotherapy agents. Verification of these results are necessary using more accurate measures of steatohepatitis such as non-contrast CT scans. With the increasing utilization of these agents for neoadjuvant therapy for advanced CRC, clinicopatholoigical studies are required to further characterize CASH and its potential complications. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Botrytis Gray Mold of Greenhouse and Field Tomatoes (1986)

NYS IPM Type: Vegetables IPM Fact Sheet
Quantification and localization of microcystins in colonies of a laboratory strain of<b><i>Microcystis</i></b>(Cyanobacteria) using immunological methods (2008)

Microcystins (MCs) are cyanobacterial hepatotoxins responsible for animal poisonings and human health incidents. Whilst the colony-forming Microcystis spp. are among the most commonly encountered MC-producers, quantitative data are lacking on MC concentrations per colony and on the localization of MCs within Microcystis colonies. We have quantified and localized MCs in colonies of a laboratory strain of Microcystis aeruginosa using antibodies against microcystin-LR. MCs were quantified in 70 colonies of Microcystis EBRO. The MC quota per colony (n = 70) ranged from 0.36 to 15.23 ng colony−1 and showed a positive relationship with colony size. MC distribution within the colonies was determined using cryosectioning and immunogold localization. MCs were specifically localized in the nucleoplasmic region of the cells and were also associated with major inclusion bodies, with a preferential association with the thylakoids (the most abundantly labelled subcellular site) and around polyphosphate bodies. All of the cells in the MC-containing colonies were specifically labelled for MCs with no gradients in MC antibody labelling across colony transects being apparent. The toxins were also found to be associated with colony mucilage. MC antisera are useful for the investigation of MC distribution within cyanobacterial populations by ELISA, and may be used in the future to localize the toxins within cyanobacterial colonies, filaments and gyres from natural environments.
Synthesis of (R)-cyclohexylmethyl-p-styrylphosphine and the preparation of polymer-bound optically active phosphines (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of (R)-cyclohexylmethyl-p-styrylphosphine and the preparation of polymer-bound optically active phosphinesP. D. Sybert, C. Bertelo, W. B. Bigelow, S. Varaprath, and J. K. StilleCite this: Macromolecules 1981, 14, 3, 502–506Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1981https://doi.org/10.1021/ma50004a007RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views59Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (703 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
A three-dimensional quasi-optical self-oscillating mixer (1999)

A quasi-optical self-oscillating mixer (SOM) consisting of a pair of transistor-loaded grids mounted on opposite sides of a two-dimensional photonic crystal (PC) is presented. The PC facilitates mutual injection locking between the grids and extends the operating range of the SOM by minimizing injection locking to an external source. By combining this with electronic tuning of the free-running oscillation frequency, total elimination of the injection-locking range can be achieved. Radiation patterns at C-band also indicate the ability to detect RF signals in three dimensions.
Myocardial scar sizing and characterization predicts ventricular arrhythmia in cardiac resynchronization therapy candidates (2011)

Methods A standard Contrast-enhanced Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (ce-CMR) was performed pre-implantation of CRT device in 78 cardiac heart failure patients (64±11 years) with ischemic and non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy. Systolic function was assessed by cine imaging. Myocardial scar was characterized by a standard 2D segmented gradient echo inversion-recovery sequence applied in sequential short axis slices. Total scar was expressed as percentage of LV mass and the core and border zone as percentage of total scar). Patients were followed every 6 months to look for appropriate ICD therapy episodes. Results During a mean follow up of 25 months (percentile 25 th 75 th =15-34 months), appropriate therapy of ICD devices occurred in 11.5% of patients. The analysis showed that the percentage of total scar was a strong predictor of VA (ventricular fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia) needing ICD therapy (HR 1.096 [1.053 to 1.143], p <0.001). In a Cox regression model adjusted for systolic function, etiology and type of prevention, the predictive value of the size of the scar remained unchanged (HR 1.156 [1.063 to 1.257], p = 0.001). The percentage of border zone of the scar was also associated with the occurrence of VA (HR 1.063 [1.022 to 1.101], p <0.001). However, the proportion of core was not significant (p = 0.662). The area under the ROC curve of total scar to predict VA was 0.94, and a cut-off value of <16% of LV mass had a 100% negative predictive value to exclude VA during follow-up. Conclusions In TRC candidates with dilated cardiomyopathy of any etiology the extent of myocardial scar and the proportion of border zone predict the occurrence of VA. Assessment of scar burden and scar characterization using ce-CMR may be helpful to decide when combined ICD/CRT devices are indicated among CRT candidates.
NF-κB p50 and p52 Regulate Receptor Activator of NF-κB Ligand (RANKL) and Tumor Necrosis Factor-induced Osteoclast Precursor Differentiation by Activating c-Fos and NFATc1 (2007)

Postmenopausal osteoporosis and rheumatoid joint destruction result from increased osteoclast formation and bone resorption induced by receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Osteoclast formation induced by these cytokines requires NF-kappaB p50 and p52, c-Fos, and NFATc1 expression in osteoclast precursors. c-Fos induces NFATc1, but the relationship between NF-kappaB and these other transcription factors in osteoclastogenesis remains poorly understood. We report that RANKL and TNF can induce osteoclast formation directly from NF-kappaB p50/p52 double knockout (dKO) osteoclast precursors when either c-Fos or NFATc1 is expressed. RANKL- or TNF-induced c-Fos up-regulation and activation are abolished in dKO cells and in wild-type cells treated with an NF-kappaB inhibitor. c-Fos expression requires concomitant RANKL or TNF treatment to induce NFATc1 activation in the dKO cells. Furthermore, c-Fos expression increases the number and resorptive capacity of wild-type osteoclasts induced by TNF in vitro. We conclude that NF-kappaB controls early osteoclast differentiation from precursors induced directly by RANKL and TNF, leading to activation of c-Fos followed by NFATc1. Inhibition of NF-kappaB should prevent RANKL- and TNF-induced bone resorption.
<title>Recent developments in multidimensional fluorescence-detected circular dichroism</title> (1990)

A multidimensional fluorescence-detected circular dichroism spectrometer has been modified for improved performance. The hardware and software which control the spectrometer were updated. The optical layout of the spectrometer was also redesigned in order to minimize spectral artifacts.
Proteome editing using engineered proteins that hijack cellular quality control machinery (2019)

Abstract Protein silencing is an important aspect of both scientific investigation of native protein function and therapeutic targeting of aberrant protein activity. Many techniques for silencing proteins at the DNA or RNA level exist such as CRISPR, RNAi, or TALEN. Cellular proteins can also be selectively removed at the posttranslational level using proteome editing techniques, many of which employ engineered proteins to engage natural cellular quality control machinery for accelerating the removal of otherwise stable proteins. Here, we summarize recent progress in the development of such engineered proteins, comparing them to analogous microbial‐, viral‐, and small molecule‐based strategies for selectively degrading proteins of interest. Finally, we highlight the advantages and limitations of proteome editing technologies and discuss how the application of directed evolution could alleviate current challenges and usher in a new wave of designer proteins for diagnostic and therapeutic application.