gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Segmenting images into four classes of magnetism: A linear-time Potts method (2009)

A computational method is presented which efficiently segments digital grayscale images by directly applying the Q-state Ising (or Potts) model. Since the Potts model was first proposed in 1952, physicists have studied lattice models to gain deep insights into magnetism and other disordered systems. For some time, researchers have realized that digital images may be modeled in much the same way as these physical systems (i.e., as a square lattice of numerical values). A major drawback in using Potts model methods for image segmentation is that, with conventional methods, it processes in exponential time. Advances have been made via certain approximations to reduce the segmentation process to power-law time. However, in many applications (such as for sonar imagery), real-time processing requires much greater efficiency. This article contains a description of an energy minimization technique that applies four Potts (Q-Ising) models directly to the image and processes in linear time. The result is analogous to partitioning the system into regions of four classes of magnetism. This direct Potts segmentation technique is demonstrated on photographic, medical, and acoustic images.
The properties of COCRPT/CRMN/NIAL and COCRPT/CR/NIAL films (1999)

Underlayers have significant influence .on both the texture and microstructure of CO-alloy magnetic films. Likewise, CO grain isolation, via segregation of non-magnetic elements at the grain boundaries. is desirable to obtain high coercivity and low medium noise.
Skeletal rearrangement on electron impact (1966)

J. H. Bowie, R. G. Cooks, S.-O. Lawesson, P. Jakobsen and G. Schroll, Chem. Commun. (London), 1966, 539 DOI: 10.1039/C19660000539
A multi-channel electronic digital taximeter that can deal with more than one passenger simultaneously (1987)

In this paper, a multi-channel taximeter that is able to deal with more than one passenger simultaneously is proposed. In order to demonstrate the theory of operation of the proposed system, a complete design for an experimental three-channel taximeter (whose prototype has been built under grant from the Egyptian Academy for Scientific and Technological Research) is presented. System location, outline, block diagrams as well as detailed circuit diagrams for the experimental taximeter are also included.
IN VITRO INCORPORATION OF LEUCINE INTO THE PROTEINS OF MICROCOCCUS LYSODEIKTICUS (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIN VITRO INCORPORATION OF LEUCINE INTO THE PROTEINS OF MICROCOCCUS LYSODEIKTICUSRobert L. LesterCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1953, 75, 21, 5448–5449Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1953https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01117a533https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01117a533research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views29Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
New avenues in cancer prevention (2003)

1National Institute for Cancer Research, Viale Benedetto XV 10, 16132 Genova, Italy 2University Campus Building C, Limburg University Centre, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium and 3Department of Gastroenterology, Internal Medicine, University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
Análise da resposta imune humoral humana à ATP difosfohidrolase de pacientes com esquistossomose mansoni (2008)

Introducao: Duas isoformas de ATP difosfohidrolases, uma soluvel e a outra associada a membrana, isoladas de ovos de S. mansoni, tem
imunoreatividade cruzada com anticorpos anti-apirase de batata (Parasitology, 129:51-57, 2004). Em vista destes resultados preliminares, nos
analisamos as estruturas primarias destas proteinas e a reatividade entre a apirase de batata e os soros de pacientes com esquistossomose.
Metodos e Resultados: As sequencias primarias da apirase de batata, ATP difosfohidrolases de S. mansoni e de outros membros da familia das ATP
difosfohidrolases foram alinhadas, permitindo identificar os dominios compartilhados especificamente entre as proteinas do S. mansoni e do vegetal.
Os epitopos para celulas B, bem como os peptideos nonamericos que tem a probabilidade de se ligar com alta afinidade a uma ou mais das 51
diferentes moleculas HLA-DR disponibilizadas em bancos de dados foram tambem identificados dentro destes dominios. Amostras de soros (dil.
1:50) de pacientes com esquistossomose (n= 62) e de individuos saudaveis (n= 16) foram entao testadas em tecnicas de ELISA usando a apirase de
batata como antigeno. Significativa (p in silico sugeriram que os dominios compartilhados entre as proteinas do vegetal e as ATP difosfohidrolases do
S. mansoni sao capazes de estimular respostas imunes humoral e celular em pacientes com esquistossomose. A antigenicidade destes dominios foi
confirmada pelos altos niveis de IgG e IgE detectados nas amostras de soros de pacientes com esquistossomose. O estudo destes dominios
conservados e especificos podera ser util no desenvolvimento de vacinas e/ou metodos diagnosticos. Auxilio: CNPq, BIC/UFJF, PROBIC/FAPEMIG.
Bismuth‐Catalyzed Direct Substitution of the Hydroxy Group in Alcohols with Sulfonamides, Carbamates, and Carboxamides. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Abstract B47: Neural cells labeling with intracerebral ferumoxytol iron oxide nanoparticles in a rat model. (2013)

Abstract Purpose: To investigate uptake of ferumoxytol iron oxide nanoparticles into rat neural cells for a clinically applicable magnetic resonance (MR) imaging technique. Materials and Methods: Long Evan rats were injected with intracerebral ferumoxytol (360 μg) iron oxide nanoparticles into the right hemisphere. A needle track in the left hemisphere was used as a sham control. Animals underwent T2-weighted fast spin-echo MRI sequences at 12T 48 h after nanoparticle inoculation. Immediately after MRI, single brain cell suspensions were produced from the right and left hemispheres, and neurospheres were stained for iron using Prussian blue histochemstry. Results: The ferumoxytol-injected right hemisphere showed decreased T2 signal compared to the sham injected left hemisphere. Positive iron staining was found in neural cells from the right cerebral hemisphere, although &lt;5% of total cell number, while no positive iron staining cells were found in the left hemisphere. The decreasing T2 signal does not correlate the percentage of neural cells labeled with ferumoxytol iron oxide nanoparticles, indicating most of the nanoparticles were not cell-associated. The phenotypes of ferumoxytol-labeled neural cells will be characterized by immunohistochemistry for neural markers. No neural cell in vitro labeling was detected using ferumoxytol in combination with protamine sulfate and heparin. Conclusion: Iron oxide loading of neural cells in the brain parenchyma can be achieved with the clinically approved agent ferumoxytol. Iron labeling may be utilized to monitor neuro-inflammation and brain tumors after chemotherapy for non-invasive MRI. Citation Format: Yingjen Jeffrey Wu, Leslie L. Muldoon, Edward A. Neuwelt. Neural cells labeling with intracerebral ferumoxytol iron oxide nanoparticles in a rat model. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology: Multidisciplinary Science Driving Basic and Clinical Advances; Dec 2-5, 2012; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(1 Suppl):Abstract nr B47.
Abdominal Cross-sectional Imaging for Inpatients With Abnormal Liver Function Test Results (2001)

Abdominal cross-sectional imaging studies performed on inpatients with abnormal LFT results had a high diagnostic yield and frequently changed patient care.
Angiogenesis Inhibitors and Anti-Inflammatory Agents from <i>Phoma</i> sp. NTOU4195 (2016)

Seven new polyketides, phomaketides A-E (1-5) and pseurotins A<sub>3</sub> (6) and G (7), along with the known compounds FR-111142, pseurotins A, A<sub>1</sub>, A<sub>2</sub>, D, and F<sub>2</sub>, 14-norpseurotin A, α-carbonylcarbene, tyrosol, cyclo(-l-Pro-l-Leu), and cyclo(-l-Pro-l-Phe), were purified from the fermentation broth and mycelium of the endophytic fungal strain Phoma sp. NTOU4195 isolated from the marine red alga Pterocladiella capillacea. The structures were established through interpretation of spectroscopic data. The antiangiogenic and anti-inflammatory effects of 1-7 and related analogues were evaluated using human endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells, respectively. Of the compounds tested, compound 1 exhibited the most potent antiangiogenic activity by suppressing the tube formation of EPCs with an IC<sub>50</sub> of 8.1 μM, and compound 3 showed the most selective inhibitory activity of LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.7 macrophages with an IC<sub>50</sub> value of 8.8 μM.
Three-year clinical performance of composite restorations placed by undergraduate dental students (2011)

This retrospective study evaluated the clinical performance and the reasons for failure of anterior and posterior composite restorations placed by undergraduate dental students over a 3-year period. All cavities were restored using Prime & Bond 2.1 and TPH (Dentsply), according to the manufacturer's indications. One hundred and two patients who had received composite restorations by third and forth year undergraduate students were recalled and examined to analyze the quality of the restorations. The restorations were evaluated using the modified USPHS system. Two hundred and fifty-six composite restorations, 170 in anterior teeth and 86 in posterior teeth, were evaluated. Eighty-five percent of the restorations were considered satisfactory after 3 years. Class II and class IV restorations presented the highest prevalence of failure. Loss of the restoration and deficient marginal adaptation were the main causes of failure. No restoration failed due to secondary caries. Most restorations placed by dental students were considered satisfactory after long-term evaluation. Failure was more prevalent in larger restorations and was not associated with secondary caries.
Oxygen and angiogenesis (2003)

Oxygen (O2), the final electron acceptor in the respiratory chain of oxidative phosphorylation, is absolutely required for most living organisms, including all invertebrates and vertebrates. The delivery of atmospheric O2 via diffusion to individual cells within a tissue is limited if the organ dimension is more than 3 mm3 (Dachs and Tozer, 2000). Thus, in insects such as Drosophila, a tracheal (respiratory) system develops to meet the O2 demand for internal tissues. Although the O2 delivery system in mammals is far more complicated, consisting of respiratory, cardiac, vascular, and hematopoietic cells, the basic function is similar to that of the insect trachea, to transport O2. Since these systems were developed to supply O2, it is logical to state that the availability and concentration of O2 regulates development of these O2 delivery systems. Indeed, a great deal of data sustains this claim both in the Drosophila tracheal system and mammalian angiogenesis.
On the dynamics of an equation arising in adaptive control (1986)

We study a particular nonlinear equation arising in an adaptive control problem, displaying vividly a wealth of nonlinear phenomena. Depending on the value of one crucial parameter - characterising the extent and presence of "non design" circumstances, we demonstrate the existence of asymptotic periodic behaviour or chaotic dynamics.
A Global Survey of Trans-Resveratrol Concentrations in Commercial Wines (1995)

Using a solid-phase extraction followed by direct-injection gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, the concentration of trans -resveratrol was measured in a representative selection of wines from most of the prominent wine-producing countries and regions of the world. With the exception of Swiss and German wines, virtually all of the white wines tested had trans -resveratrol concentrations trans -resveratrol concentrations. The higher concentrations reported in this study compared with three earlier reports could be due to the quantitative recovery inherent in the solid-phase extraction used in the present assay, and/ or losses occurring during organic phase extraction in the latter.
Overload Management in Data Stream Processing Systems with Latency Guarantees (2012)

Stream processing systems are becoming increasingly important to analyse real-time data generated by modern applications such as online social networks. Their main characteristic is to produce a continuous stream of fresh results as new data are being generated at real-time. Resource provisioning of stream processing systems is difficult due to time-varying workload data that induce unknown resource demands over time. Despite the development of scalable stream processing systems, which aim to provision for workload variations, there still exist cases where such systems face transient resource shortages. During overload, there is a lack of resources to process all incoming data in real-time; data accumulate in memory and their processing latency grows uncontrollably compromising the freshness of stream processing results. In this paper, we present a feedback control approach to design a nonlinear discrete-time controller that has no knowledge of the system to be controlled or the workload for the data and is still able to control the average tuple end-to-end latency in a single-node stream processing system. The results, of our evaluation on a prototype stream processing system, show that our method controls the average tuple end-to-end latency despite the time-varying workload demands and increasing number of queries.
Cloning, Sequencing, Characterization, and Expression of an Extracellular α-Amylase from the Hyperthermophilic ArchaeonPyrococcus furiosus in Escherichia coli andBacillus subtilis (1997)

A gene encoding a highly thermostable extracellular alpha-amylase from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus was identified. The gene was cloned, sequenced, and expressed in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. The gene is 1383 base pairs long and encodes a protein of 461 amino acids. The open reading frame of the gene was verified by microsequencing of the recombinant purified enzyme. The deduced amino acid sequence is 25 amino acids longer at the N terminus than that determined by sequencing of the purified protein, suggesting that a leader sequence is removed during transport of the enzyme across the membrane. The recombinant alpha-amylase was biochemically characterized and shows an activity optimum at pH 4.5, whereas the optimun temperature for enzymatic activity is close to 100 degrees C. alpha-Amylase shows sequence homology to the other known alpha-amylases and belongs to family 13 of glycosyl hydrolases. This extracellular alpha-amylase is not homologous to the subcellular alpha-amylase previously isolated from the same organism.
Energy Migration Engineering of Bright Rare‐Earth Upconversion Nanoparticles for Excitation by Light‐Emitting Diodes (2015)

A novel Nd(3+) -sensitized upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP) that can be excited by near-infrared 740 nm light-emitting diode (LED) lamps with bright upconversion luminescence is designed. Yb(3+) ion distribution is engineered to increase the energy migration efficiency. The benefit of the novel LED-excited UCNPs is demonstrated by imaging of breast cancer cells and enabling an economic handheld semiquantitative visual measurement device.
EVOLUTION OF GASES FROM RIMMING-STEEL INGOTS (1951)

Evolution of gases from rimming-steel ingots during solidification was studied, with the results as folloWs.(1) Most of gas evolution curves have maximum value, for volume of evolved gases increases at the beginning of solidification and then decreases. The volume of gases and position of maximum value are to be affected by the C, Mn and O2 content of metals.(2) The main composition of gases are CO (91-85%), CO2 (4-1%) H3 (4-11%) and N2 (0.5-4%) and during solidification CO and CO2 decrease, but H2 and N2 increase gradually.(3) CO and CO2 in gases and C or O2 in molten metal are approximately in equilibrium.(4) Gas pressure of molten metal is about 1.5atm., and this value is coincident with the presumed value from the ingot structure.Besides, the relation between the gas evolution and ingot structure as well as a probable mechanism of blowhole formation were studied.
The star-switched MMC (SSMMC) - a hybrid VSC for HVDC applications (2016)

This paper presents a new hybrid VSC topology (the StarSwitched MMC) - suitable for HVDC applications. The basic structure and operating principles of the topology are described. Control strategies that regulate the power exchanged between the VSC, the AC network and the DC network are presented. A modulation strategy ensuring appropriate switching of the individual chain-link submodules and a capacitor voltage balancing algorithm that ensures the capacitor voltages are maintained within the required tolerance are discussed. Results from a simulation model are presented to validate the expected performance of the converter and the proposed control schemes.
Identification and Characterization of Calcium‐Dependent Metalloproteases in Rat Brain (1989)

We have begun to identify and characterize brain protease activities separated by and assayed in substrate-containing polyacrylamide gels. In the present report, we focus on four proteolytic activities identified from rat brain that are dependent on micromolar and millimolar Ca2+ concentrations for activity. In contrast to the previously described Ca2+-dependent neutral cysteine proteases (calpains), all four activities appear to be metalloproteases based on their inhibition by EDTA, EGTA, and 1,10-o-phenanthroline, but not by blockers of serine, cysteine, or aspartic proteases. In the presence of excess Ca2+ and the Zn2+-chelating inhibitor 1,10-o-phenanthroline, activity of the enzymes was reconstituted by addition of lower concentrations of Zn2+, and inhibited by higher Zn2+ concentrations. The four metalloproteases were designated MP-112, MP-92, MP-70, and MP-65 on the basis of their apparent molecular masses in kilodaltons. MP-70, the major activity detected, had an apparent kact for Ca2+ greater than 100 microM versus 10-25 microM for MP-65 and 50-100 microM for MP-92. MP-112 was a minor activity for which Ca2+ activation levels were not determined. MP-112, MP-70, and MP-65 were similar in being most active in the soluble fraction of 7-day neonate forebrain. In contrast, MP-92 activity was highest in the particulate fraction of adult forebrain. About half of the MP-92 activity and lower levels of the other three activities were still detectable in particulate fractions after detergent extraction of membrane, suggesting an association with cytoskeletal or other structural proteins.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Baicalein, an active component of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, induces apoptosis in human colon cancer cells and prevents AOM/DSS-induced colon cancer in mice (2013)

Flavonoids have been demonstrated to provide health benefits in humans. Baicalein (5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone) is a phenolic flavonoid compound derived mainly from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, a medicinal plant traditionally used in oriental medicine. Baicalein is widely used in Korean and Chinese herbal medicines as anti-inflammatory and anticancer therapy. However, the molecular mechanisms of its activity remain poorly understood and warrant further investigation. This study was performed to investigate the anticancer effect of baicalein on HCT116 human colon cancer cells and the tumor preventing capacity of baicalein on colitis-associated cancer in mice. In in vivo experiments, we induced colon tumors in mice by azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and evaluated the effects of baicalein on tumor growth. Baicalein treatment on HCT116 cells resulted in a concentration-dependent inhibition of cell growth and induction of apoptotic cell death. The induction of apoptosis was determined by morphological changes and cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. Baicalein also suppressed the activation of NF-κB through PPARγ activation. These results indicate that the anti-inflammatory effects of baicalein may be mediated through PPARγ activation. Finally, administration with baicalein significantly decreased the incidence of tumor formation with inflammation. Our findings suggest that baicalein is one of the candidates for the prevention of inflammation-associated colon carcinogenesis.
New Insights on the Simultaneous Assessment of Insulin Sensitivity and β-Cell Function With the HOMA2 Method (2006)

FIGURE 14. Frontal views. A, Paradynomene tuberculata Sakai, 1963, male, 21.5 x 22.3 mm, Loyalty Islands (MNHN­B25249); B, P. quasimodo n. sp., holotype male, 14.3 x 15.4 mm, Philippine Islands (ZRC 2001.360); C, P. d emo n n. sp., holotype female, 23.2 x 24.0 mm,, New Caledonia (MNHN­B26602); D, P. diablo n. sp., holotype male, 11.4 x 12.6 mm, Norfolk Ridge, New Caledonia (MNHN­B26607); E, P. t e u f e l n. sp., holotype male 7.8 x 8.6 mm, Gulf of Aden (SMF); F, P. rotunda n. sp., holotype female, 19.0 x 18.0 mm, Chesterfield Islands (MNHN­B26604).
Stroke‐specific executive function assessment: A literature review of performance‐based tools (2013)

The assessments that demonstrated the strongest evidence of reliability and validity were the Executive Function Performance Test, the Multiple Errands Test and the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills. Only the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills has been adequately evaluated for its ability to detect change. In terms of clinical utility, the Kettle Test has the shortest administration time (i.e. less than 20 minutes) and requires limited equipment. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: The Stroke-Specific Executive Function Toolkit provides clinicians with useful information that should facilitate identification of appropriate executive function tools for use across the continuum of stroke care.
The Tailored Low Dose Fluoroscopic Voiding Cystogram for Familial Reflux Screening (1996)

Tailored low dose fluoroscopic voiding cystography appears to be a practical approach for the assessment of familial reflux.