gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Research and Improvement of Merge Mode Candidate Decision for High Efficiency Video Coding (2015)

High Efficiency Video Coding(HEVC)Merge model based on quad-tree image coding method is proposed,which can merge several closed PU blocks that have similar motion cases into the same area,using the same motion parameters.This article studies the Merge decision-making process of the candidate PU block,for Merge mode brings high computational complexity and there is a lot of unnecessary computation in the process.It proposes a low complexity candidate decision algorithm.The algorithm is based on the distribution characteristics of spatio-temporal domain candidate and reduces the number of candidates from the perspective of changing the process of candidate list selection to reduce the complexity of encoding.Experimental results show that,compared with the original algorithm,the encoding time and bit-rate of the proposed algorithm are reduced,and the algorithm is proved to improve the rate-distortion performance while effectively reducing the coding complexity.
Potassium Nutrition of Subtropical Fruits (1969)

Abstract By far the most important subtropical fruit is citrus and the most widely grown citrus is the sweet orange. Lemon and grapefruit also are important citrus species. Other important subtropical fruits are dates, figs, and olives. Tropical fruits are most numerous in kinds, and a few, such as the avocado, litchi and mango are grown on a commercial scale in the subtropical regions. Others, such as bananas, pineapples, coffee, and papaya, are strictly tropical. It is not an uncommon practice to apply K, but it is done in many cases without a demonstrated need. With the realization of the broad effects of K, such a practice should not be followed, but K level should be adjusted to give optimum response for both quality and yield. For this diagnostic methods and standards are required.
Learning Sparse Representations of High Dimensional Data on Large Scale Dictionaries (2011)

Learning sparse representations on data adaptive dictionaries is a state-of-the-art method for modeling data. But when the dictionary is large and the data dimension is high, it is a computationally challenging problem. We explore three aspects of the problem. First, we derive new, greatly improved screening tests that quickly identify codewords that are guaranteed to have zero weights. Second, we study the properties of random projections in the context of learning sparse representations. Finally, we develop a hierarchical framework that uses incremental random projections and screening to learn, in small stages, a hierarchically structured dictionary for sparse representations. Empirical results show that our framework can learn informative hierarchical sparse representations more efficiently.
Escape analysis for synchronization removal (2006)

In this paper we introduce our escape analysis framework for Java, which is a kind of flow-insensitive, inter-procedural, and context-sensitive data flow analysis. And we present an efficient static intra-procedural algorithm for inferring the set of types that can occur at runtime for each object. With intra-procedural type information, virtual method resolution, callee-stub inline, exception analysis, and thread allocation site analysis are implemented. Virtual method resolution and callee-stub inline effectively reduce the call graph and SCC (strongly connected components). In exception analysis, we present a more precise analysis algorithm, especially in the inter-procedural exception in SCC.Our escape analysis can be applied to the whole Java program and Java libraries to identify unnecessary synchronization in Java and remove them. We have developed an implementation on Intel's Open Runtime Platform. For our benchmarks, 7.3% to 99% (with an average of 54%) of synchronization operations are eliminated.
The Limpopo Mobile Belt: A result of continental collision (1982)

The 600‐km‐long Limpopo Mobile Belt is discussed within the frame of a Proterozoic supercontinent model [Piper, 1976]. Evidence is presented that the Rhodesian and Kaapvaal cratons may have been separated by distances of more than 1000 km of oceanic crust. From about 3350 Ma ago the Kaapvaal Craton appears to have been driven intermittently N, NW, and then WNW against the Rhodesian Craton forming the NE‐SW trending collision zone, the Limpopo Mobile Belt, and all the major fold and fracture patterns found. This movement would be similar to the oblique movement of the Pacific plate into the Aleutian trench. When collision ceased around 2500 Ma ago, it is likely that the Great Dyke and other complexes intruded along release fractures formed at right angles to the compression.
The wavelength modulation spectrum of ion-implanted silicon (1982)

The radiation damage and its subsequent annealing in phosphorus implanted Si are studied by wavelength modulation spectroscopy. The distinct structure at λ = 360 nm of the wavelength- derivative spectrum is implemented as a parameter to specify the damage level in Si crystals. This characteristic peak completely fades away when the implanted dose exceeds 3×1015 ions cm−2. Isochronal and isothermal annealing indicate that the removal of vacancy-like defects starts at rather low temperatures (∼200 °C) while the recrystallization of the disordered layer starts at a temperature near 500 °C. Sheet resistance of the samples measured by a four-point probe has been found to be closely related to the wavelength modulation spectrum.
Mitochondrial metabolites extend lifespan (2016)

Disruption of mitochondrial respiration in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans can extend lifespan. We previously showed that long-lived respiratory mutants generate elevated amounts of α-ketoacids. These compounds are structurally related to α-ketoglutarate, suggesting they may be biologically relevant. Here, we show that provision of several such metabolites to wild-type worms is sufficient to extend their life. At least one mode of action is through stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1). We also find that an α-ketoglutarate mimetic, 2,4-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (2,4-PDA), is alone sufficient to increase the lifespan of wild-type worms and this effect is blocked by removal of HIF-1. HIF-1 is constitutively active in isp-1(qm150) Mit mutants, and accordingly, 2,4-PDA does not further increase their lifespan. Incubation of mouse 3T3-L1 fibroblasts with life-prolonging α-ketoacids also results in HIF-1α stabilization. We propose that metabolites that build up following mitochondrial respiratory dysfunction form a novel mode of cell signaling that acts to regulate lifespan.
Dynamic mobility management for next generation all-IP wireless network (2008)

The next generation all-IP wireless network needs advance mobility management for seamless global roaming while satisfying quality of service requirement for a variety of applications. The proposed work is a mobility management scheme for next generation all-IP wireless network. The scheme considers an all-IP integration model which provides a global roaming and internetworking facilities among different access technologies as well as seamless service negotiation including mobility, security and quality of service. The scheme provides minimum location update cost, minimum latency and minimum loss of packets. It outperforms the existing scheme in terms of location update cost and packet loss.
Motion estimation of target spacecraft using modular unscented filtering (2011)

This paper describes the motion estimation of target spacecraft (target) by another spacecraft (chaser) at close distance in a near orbit. The unscented filter is used for estimating the position and the attitude of target. The states of target estimated using lineof- sight measurements to known landmarks of the target provided from vision system aboard the chaser. In order to reduce computation and complexity, the prediction and updated step of the unscented filter are modularized. In the prediction step, the sigma points associated with target states only propagates through the nonlinear dynamics. The full predicted sigma points used in the update step includes the predicted sigma points and secondary sigma points calculated from the estimates and covariance of chaser's states from its own navigation system. The feasibility of the proposed approach is demonstrated by numerical simulations.
Experimental Study and Residual Performance Evaluation of Corroded High-Tensile Steel Wires (2017)

To evaluate the residual service performance of corroded high-tensile steel wires, a batch of in situ wires that had served for 13 years in the hangers of an arch bridge was investigated. Four types of corroded wires were derived from the in situ wires by placing them in the indoor environment for 1.5 years (Type A) or treating them in an alternate dry–wet environment for 0.25–1.5 years (Types B, C, and D). The mechanical properties of the corroded wires were investigated with tensile and fatigue tests, and the fracture characteristics were observed. Fatigue tests on Type A wires with different stress ranges were conducted, and the stress intensity factor range ΔKp at the bottom of crack-initiation pits was analyzed. According to the S-N curve for Type A wires, the crack-propagation characteristics of steel wires were investigated. The linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) approach was used to predict the residual life of corroded wires in two systems of arch bridges. The tests show that the ultimate strain of corroded wires decreased with an increase in degree of corrosion. The fatigue properties of wires were found to degrade significantly at the early corrosion stage, and the degradation rate slowed down with further development of corrosion. The correlation between the fatigue life and the stress intensity factor range ΔKp at the bottom of corrosion pits shows that larger pitting size tended to have shorter life under the same stress range, and fatigue cracks were difficult to initiate at the corrosion pits below the fatigue threshold. The crack-growth parameters of the Paris law identified from the S-N curve of Type A wires were m = 2.87, C = 8 × 10 −12 under the stress ratio R = 0.5. The residual life predicted by LEFM shows that in a dry environment, corroded wires with an initial pitting depth of 0.6 mm can serve for more than 30 years in arch–beam combination-system bridges, whereas they can only serve for 5 years in floating-system arch bridges.
Flavor, Fragrance, and Odor Analysis (2001)

Solvent Extraction and Distillation Techniques, T. Parliment Analysis of Food Volatiles Using Headspace-Gas Chromatographic Techniques, T.P. Wampler The Analysis of Food Volatiles Using Direct Thermal Desorption, C.C. Grimm, S.W. Lloyd, J.A. Miller, and A.M. Spanier Solid-Phase Microextraction for the Analysis of Aromas and Flavors, A.D. Harmon The Advantages of GC-TOFMS for Flavor and Fragrance Analysis, J.F. Holland and B.D. Gardner Modern Methods for Isolating and Quantifying Volatile Flavor and Fragrance Compounds, P. Werkhoff, S. Brennecke, W. Bretschneider, and H.-J. Bertram SPME Comparison Studies and What They Reveal, R. Marsili Analysis of Volatile Compounds in the Headspace of Rice Using SPME/GC/MS, C.C. Grimm, E.T. Champagne, and K. Ohtsubo Headspace Techniques for the Reconstitution of Flower Scents and Identification of New Aroma Chemicals, T. McGee and K.L. Purzycki SPME Applications in Consumer Products, R. Payne, A.E. Puchalski, and J. Labows Gas Chromatography-Olfactometry in Food Aroma Analysis, I. Blank Quantitative Use of Gas Chromatography-Olfactometry: The GC-SNIF Method, A. Chaintreau Combining Mass Spectrometry and Multivariate Analysis to Make a Reliable and Versatile Electronic Nose, R. Marsili Character Impact Compounds: Flavors and Off-Flavors in Foods, R.J. McGorrin Abbreviations Index
Microvascular Architecture of Breast Lesions (2008)

Micro flow imaging can clearly delineate the microvascular architecture of breast lesions and can aid in discrimination between benign and malignant breast lesions.
Effect of stem modulus in a total hip arthroplasty model (1991)

The purpose of this study was to determine the biological effects of the elastic modulus of the femoral stem in canine hip arthroplasty. Cementless total hip arthroplasty was performed in 12 dogs, six had a low elastic modulus polyacetal resin stem and six had a high modulus stainless steel stem. The components were otherwise similar. At six and 12 months after operation, radiographic and histomorphometric analysis showed that those with steel implants had more cortical porosity than did the other group (p less than 0.01). We suggest that the elastic modulus of the implant is an important factor in controlling cortical bone resorption. A low modulus femoral prosthesis can significantly decrease bone resorption which might otherwise eventually lead to implant failure.
Drug initiatives to improve cognitive function. (2006)

Unlike for other chronic illnesses, the development of new medications for the treatment of schizophrenia has been relatively dormant since the 1950s. Recently, the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia (MATRICS) program was established by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) in order to facilitate the development of treatments for cognitive impairment and functional outcome in schizophrenia. Although effective medications for managing the positive symptoms of schizophrenia have permitted many patients to live in the community, these medications often fail to improve social and vocational function. As a result, some experts believe that research into new treatments should focus instead on the functional outcomes of patients by improving cognitive abilities and social competence. The MATRICS program brought together scientists from academia, government, and industry to discuss ways of promoting the development of new treatments for schizophrenia and gain consensus on treatment targets. The initiatives that have come out of the MATRICS program include focusing on adjunct medications, addressing regulatory issues with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, determining the best way to measure functional outcomes, classifying symptoms, developing a battery of cognitive tests for assessing outcomes in clinical trials, and ranking promising targets for new treatment development.
Syndrome of Hypotonia-Hypomentia-Hypogonadism-Obesity (HHHO) or Prader-Willi Syndrome (1968)

IN 1956, Prader et al<sup>1</sup>described a new syndrome which they called "Ein Syndrom von Adipositas, Kleinwuchs, Kryptorchismus und Oligophrenie nach myatonieartigem Zustand im Neugeborenenalter" (a syndrome of obesity, short growth, cryptorchidism, and mental retardation, with an amyotonia-like condition in the neonatal period). Since then, other cases have been reported<sup>2-24</sup>(Table 1) under various titles. (Synonyms for this condition are: Syndrome of Willi-Prader,<sup>8</sup>of Willi, Prader, and Labhart,<sup>18</sup>of Prader-Willi,<sup>13-15,23,24</sup>of Prader, Labhart, and Willi,<sup>7</sup>and of Prader, Labhart, Willi, and Fanconi.<sup>21</sup>[Fanconi, with Prader, Labhart, and Willi, was coauthor of an exhibit of this syndrome at the Eighth International Congress of Paediatrics, July 22-27, 1956, in Copenhagen.] Some of the more descriptive titles are: hypotonia, mental retardation, obesity, and cryptorchidism associated with dwarfism and diabetes in children<sup>5</sup>; hypogenital dystrophy with diabetic tendency<sup>12</sup>; congenital muscular weakness and hypotonia with mental retardation,
Universal Quantum Graphs (2014)

For time-reversal invariant graphs we prove the Bohigas-Giannoni-Schmit conjecture in its most general form: For graphs that are mixing in the classical limit, all spectral correlation functions coincide with those of the Gaussian orthogonal ensemble of random matrices. For open graphs, we derive the analogous identities for all S-matrix correlation functions.
Daytime, low latitude, vertical ExB drift velocities, inferred from ground-based magnetometer observations in the Peruvian, Philippine and Indian longitude sectors under quiet and disturbed conditions (2006)

4 Indian Institute of Geomagnetism, Navi Mumbai, India Abstract. Recent studies have demonstrated that ground-based magnetometer observations can be used to infer realistic, daytime vertical ExB drift velocities in the Peruvian longitude sector. It has also been demonstrated that under certain conditions the time variability of the Interplanetary Electric Field (IEF) - minutes to hours - is reflected in the daytime, prompt penetration of high latitude electric fields to low latitudes. In this paper, we incorporate magnetometer-inferred ExB drift techniques to extend this study to include the Philippine and Indian sector ExB drift velocities and to investigate the relationships between IEF conditions and daytime, low latitude electric field observations under both geomagnetically quiet and disturbed conditions. This paper addresses two basic questions: 1.) How well do the quiet-time, ΔH-inferred ExB drift velocities compare with the Fejer-Scherliess, quiet-time, climatological model (Scherliess and Fejer, 1999) in the Peruvian, Philippine and Indian sectors and 2.) What are the relationships between the Interplanetary Electric Fields (IEF) and low latitude electric fields during disturbed periods? We address the above questions by analyzing magnetometer-inferred ExB drift velocities between January 2001 and December 2004 when there exists more than 450 quiet days and more than 235 geomagnetically disturbed days, defined by daily Ap values greater than 20. It is demonstrated that the neural network approach that provides realistic ExB drift velocities based on magnetometer observations in the Peruvian sector can be applied at all longitudes where appropriately placed magnetometers exist. It is found that 1.) The average quiet, daytime upward ExB drift velocity vs Local Time is comparable to the Fejer-Scherliess climatological model and 2.) During disturbed conditions, it is observed that promptly penetrating electric fields occur, simultaneously, in the Philippine, Indian and Peruvian sectors.
An Adaptive Mobile Multi-Media Communicator (1993)

The complexity, robustness, image quality as well as bit rate and power consumption issues of adaptive multi-media communicators are addressed. The proposed robust, moderate complexity motion-compensated Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) based image communicator provides an image peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of 38 dB at an average bit rate of about 25 kbitsls. Bandwidth efficient adaptive 16 or 64-level quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) combined with embedded low-complexity binary Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) forward error correction (FEC) coding is deployed. Our proposed 65-10 kBd adaptive multimedia communicator adjusts the number of modulation levels,&apos;the image and FEC codec parameters as well as other system algorithms in order to meet time-varying optimisation criteria. The DCT/BCH/l6-QAM and DCTIBCHI64-QAM schemes provide nearly unimpaired image quality for channel SNRs in excess of 30 dB and 40 dB, respectively. 1
Nickel-Catalyzed Enantioselective Pyridone C–H Functionalizations Enabled by a Bulky<i>N-</i>Heterocyclic Carbene Ligand (2018)

Annulated pyridones are an important scaffold found in many biologically active compounds. A Ni(0)-catalyzed C-H functionalization of 2- and 4-pyridones is disclosed, providing access to annulated pyridones via enantioselective intramolecular olefin hydroarylation. Key to the success of the transformation was the development of a sterically hindered and tunable N-heterocyclic carbene ligand resembling a chiral version of IPr. This ligand allows for mild reaction temperatures, and leads to the annulated pyridones in excellent yields and enantioselectivities.
Smart sensor modeling with the UML for real-time embedded applications (2004)

Main feature of real-time embedded (RT/E) applications is that they are closed to their environment that they have to control/command/monitor the running of physical phenomena. To achieve this goal, RT/E applications are equipped with sensors to acquire specific data representative of the environment state. One distinguishes two kinds of sensors data: exteroceptive data and proprioceptive data. Therefore, it is necessary to use intensively sensors to measure physical phenomena associated to sensors data. Integrating sensors in the application is often a tiresome task requiring high skill in both hardware and software techniques. This paper proposes a solution to make sensors interfacing easier all along RT/E applications development. The objective is to define a prototyping methodology assuming to check the validity of the behavior of the sensor starting from a high level description then to generate the sensor interface code. For that, it is necessary to define driver models based on sensors models specifications. Our proposal has to be conformant to either the IEEE 1451 standard or its equivalent OMG specification for interface specification. In the base of this constraint, we aim to define a methodology to design automatically all sensor interfaces based on networked data exchange like. We focus our approach by choosing CAN (Controller Area Network) and Ethernet networks.
Synthesis of Methanol from Carbon Dioxide and Hydrogen over Copper-Alumina Catalysts. Mechanism of Reaction (1945)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of Methanol from Carbon Dioxide and Hydrogen over Copper-Alumina Catalysts. Mechanism of ReactionV. N. Ipatieff and G. S. MonroeCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1945, 67, 12, 2168–2171Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1945Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1945https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01228a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01228a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1057Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An investigation of soybean aphid ecology and management in the context of agricultural sustainability (2013)

vi Chapter 1. General introduction and literature review Thesis organization 1 Literature review 2 Impact of Aphis glycines on soybean yield and management 2 Aphis glycines biology and ecology 3 Taxonomy and biology of entomopathogenic fungi 6 Factors impacting successful infection by entomopathogenic fungi 7 Molecular detection of entomopathogenic fungi 10 Research objectives 12 Literature cited 13 Chapter 2. Comparison of combined foliar insecticides and fungicides on soybean aphid populations and soybean yield in Iowa Abstract 2