gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Probe into China's Public Administration Education and the Construction of the Subject of Public Administration (2006)

China is in transition from a traditional planned economy to a market economy. It has reached the knowledge economy and information networks stage. This paper discusses the resumption, reconstruction, and development of the study of public administration in China. It explores the construction of the subject of administration in China.
The roles of adaptation in case-based design (1991)

Many design tasks have search spaces that are vague and evaluation criteria that are subjective. We present a model of design that can solve such problems using a method of plausible design adaptation. In our approach, adaptation transformations are used to modify the components and structure of a design and constraints on the design problem. This adaptation process plays multiple roles in design: 1) It is used as part of case-based reasoning to modify previous design cases. 2) It accommodates constraints that arrive late in the design process by adapting previous decisions rather than by retracting them. 3) It resolves impasses in the design process by weakening preference constraints. This model of design has been implemented in a computer program called JULIA that designs the presentation and menu of a meal to satisfy multiple, interacting constraints.
Effects of WC Particle Size and Co Content on the Graded Structure in Functionally Gradient WC-Co Composites (2016)

Functionally gradient WC-Co composites having a Co depleted surface zone and not comprising the h phase can be manufactured via carburizing process. During carburizing, besides carburizing process parameters, the microstructural parameters of WC-Co materials, such as WC grain size and Co content, also have significant influences on the formation of Co gradient structure. In this study, the effects of WC particle size and Co content on the gradient structure within gradient hardmetals have been studied, based on a series of carburizing experiments of WC-Co materials with different WC particle sizes and cobalt contents. The results show that both the thickness and the amplitude of the gradients within gradient WC-Co materials increase with increasing initial WC particle size and Co content of WC-Co alloys. The reason for this finding is discussed.
Mechanoreceptors for near-field water displacements in crayfish (1976)

1. Mechanosensory hairs on the surface of the crayfish telson are dually innervated, one sensory cell responding to headward, the other to tailward deflection of the hair. The average conduction velocity of headward elements was 0.8 m/s (variance 0.08) and of tailward elements 1.2 m/s (variance 0.19). In a frequency range from 0.05 to 200 Hz, thresholds were lowest near 20 Hz: 0.08 mum (pp) for headward-sensitive and 0.1 mum (pp) for tailward-sensitive cells. 2. The receptors are displacement sensitive since thresholds are of the same order of magnitude over the frequency range 1-70 Hz when the hair is moved by a vibrating wire loop. With natural stimuli (surface waves), the velocity component of the particle movement (and consequently force) becomes influential. The coding of a broad range of stimulus intensities is aided by variations in mechanical properties of the hair. 3. Marked directionality (better than 4:1), in addition to the dual innervation, enhances vector detection. At least part of this characteristic stems from the hingelike articulation of the hair on the body surface: the hair can be moved easily 40 degrees tailward and 20 degrees headward, but must be forced in the orthogonal direction. Morphological studies indicate the presence of a double pivoted hinge, with rigid guides for movement of the hair shaft. Preliminary results of electron microscope examination show a clearly polarized arrangement of densely packed microtubules in the two dendrites; they appear interconnected in groups of two and three along a line parallel to the sensitivity plane of the receptor. 4. The 50-fold threshold difference between the results of behavioral experiments in lobsters (24) and the data for the individual receptors reported here may be due to improvement in signal-to-noise ratio by central nervous averaging of the input from an estimated 2 X 10(3) receptors (Procambarus), and/or to the kind of threshold criteria applied to individual receptor thresholds. As would be expected (35), the sensory cells of each directional class synapse with separate interneurons: in this way, the organism might employ differential microphones to reduce background noise. 5. The receptors are analogous to those of the lateral-line system in lower vertebrates in having receptors with sensitivities polarized by 180 degrees. These similarities suggest that in both cases monitoring of near field water displacements has proved in essential way of orienting in opaque waters.
Traumatic Vitreal Air Bubbles (1968)

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[Clinical analysis of the characteristics of thoracic lymph node metastasis in lung cancer: A report of 318 cases]. (2004)

If there is no hilar and inferior carinal metastatic lymph node in patients with upper lobe cancer, the lower mediastinal lymph node dissection might not be necessary. But systematic mediastinal lymph node dissection should be performed in patients with lower lobe or right middle lobe cancer whether there is hilar or inferior carinal metastatic lymph node or not. The extent of lymph node dissection should not depend on the results of preoperative chest CT scan.
Calcium Influx and Male Fertility in the Context of the Sperm Proteome: An Update (2014)

Freshly ejaculated spermatozoa are incapable or poorly capable of fertilizing an oocyte. The fertilization aptness of spermatozoa depends on the appropriate and time-dependent acquisition of hyperactivation, chemotaxis, capacitation, and the acrosome reaction, where calcium (Ca(2+)) is extensively involved in almost every step. A literature review showed that several ion channel proteins are likely responsible for regulation of the Ca(2+) uptake in spermatozoa. Therefore, manipulation of the functions of channel proteins is closely related to Ca(2+) influx, ultimately affecting male fertility. Recently, it has been shown that, together with different physiological stimuli, protein-protein interaction also modifies the Ca(2+) influx mechanism in spermatozoa. Modern proteomic analyses have identified several sperm proteins, and, therefore, these findings might provide further insight into understanding the Ca(2+) influx, protein functions, and regulation of fertility. The objective of this review was to synthesize the published findings on the Ca(2+) influx mechanism in mammalian spermatozoa and its implications for the regulation of male fertility in the context of sperm proteins. Finally, Pathway Studio (9.0) was used to catalog the sperm proteins that regulate the Ca(2+) influx signaling by using the information available from the PubMed database following a MedScan Reader (5.0) search.
Kinetic Approach to Nixtamalization of Corn Pericarp (2001)

ABSTRACT The nixtamalization of the pericarp isolated from grains of corn was studied with 2, 5, 10, 20 and 40% Ca(OH) 2 based upon the mass of the pericarp. For 2 and 5% Ca(OH) 2 a small loss of the mass of the pericarp takes place quickly which is accompanied by an abrupt fall of the concentration of the OH ‐ ions. A suitable kinetic model for the decrease of the mass of the pericarp is a two phases exponential equation. The second phase is the slowest and it depends on the quantity of Ca(OH) 2 employed.
Inappropriate neutrophil activation in venous disease (1994)

appendicitis and other acute abdominal conditions that could be treated conservatively, by using data routinely recorded in the emergency department.Since our results indicated that rebound tenderness was a statistically significant predictor to aid in this differential diagnosis, it was included in the scoring system.Several tests have been suggested as being helpful for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis.However, since none of them is in widespread use it is difficult to know their real reliability.We selected a scoring system, albeit one far from perfect, to aid decision making in acute appendicitis because of its simple design and application.With all reservations taken into account, the usefulness of the system was demonstrated; it reduced by nearly 15 per cent the rate of unnecessary Iaparotomies in the prospective trial.
A new method of determining correlation functions of stationary time series (1955)

The paper presents what is believed to be a new approach to the problem of determining correlation functions of stationary time series. The method is based on an expansion of the correlation function in a suitable orthonormal system. The coefficients in this expansion are shown to be simply related to the convolution integrals which arise when the given time series are applied to linear filters whose impulse responses are members of this orthonormal system. A very simple scheme for measuring these coefficients is proposed. It is further shown how a complex filter, whose impulse response is of the same shape as the desired correlation function, can be built up in a systematic way when these coefficients have been determined. Two examples of filter systems whose impulse responses are members of a Laguerre system are presented, and finally a description of a practical auto-correlator built around one of these filters, and some results obtained with it, are given.
Proton tunneling in phase IV of hydrogen and deuterium (2012)

Using in situ optical spectroscopy we have investigated the temperature stability of the mixed atomic and molecular phases IV of dense deuterium and hydrogen. Through a series of low-temperature experiments at high pressures, we observe phase III-to-IV transformation, imposing constraints on the P-T phase diagrams. The spectral features of the phase IV-III transition and differences in appearances of the isotopes Raman spectra strongly indicate the presence of proton tunneling in phase IV. No differences between isotopes were observed in absorption spectroscopic studies, resulting in identical values for the band gap. The extrapolation of the combined band gap yields 375 GPa as the minimum transition pressure to the metallic state of hydrogen (deuterium). The minute changes in optical spectra above 275 GPa might suggest the presence of a new solid modification of hydrogen (deuterium), closely related structurally to phase IV.
Induction of a beta-1,3-D-glucan receptor in P388D1 cells treated with retinoic acid or 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. (1988)

Retinoic acid (RA) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) induce the capability to phagocytose heat-killed yeast (Y) (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) in P388D1 cells. Y phagocytosis is specifically inhibited (100%) by particulate and soluble beta-1,3-D-glucan. Other polysaccharides, such as agarose, dextran and dextran sulphate, are not inhibitory. The inhibitory capacity of mannan was totally abrogated by treatment with beta-glucanase, suggesting that its activity is derived from a residual beta-glucan structure. Partial hydrolysis of glucan particles with formic acid yielded soluble glucan that was fractionated according to size. Glucan1, glucan2 and glucan3 had an average chain length of 34, 23.5 and 15.5 glucose units, respectively. Fifty percent inhibition of Y phagocytosis by RA-P388D1 cells was attained at less than 0.02 microgram/ml (approximately 2 nM) glucan1 and at 1.1 micrograms/ml glucan3. A further decrease in chain length (less than or equal to 12.6) resulted in oligomers of marginal inhibitory activity. Preincubation of RA- and 1,25(OH)2D3-P388D1 cells with glucan1 for 30 seconds to 5 min, at 4 degrees or 37 degrees, followed by washes with buffer, sufficed to bring about 85-95% inhibition of Y phagocytosis. Recovery of the phagocytic capability was time dependent and required protein synthesis, suggesting a glucan1-induced removal of membrane receptors. The results suggest that recognition and ingestion of Y by RA- or 1,25(OH)2D3-treated P388D1 cells depends almost exclusively on a beta-glucan-specific receptor.
Slow-Speed Balancing of a 310 Mw Lp Turbine Saves $250,000 (1996)

During an overhaul, nondestructive engineering inspection revealed root section cracking of several L-O blades of a 310 MW LP turbine. Replacement of 25 blades and reliability modifications of the shroud were performed. A subsequent balance check on the company's slow-speed balance machine showed a large unbalance: amplitudes of 50 mils at 190 rpm. This paper discusses the circumstances surrounding the slow-speed balance solution of an unusually large balance weight In excess of 10 pounds, and shows how this was accomplished utilizing engineering, maintenance and balance personnel teamwork. The resulting success allowed the unit to be returned to service on schedule without further re-blading, resulting in operational and maintenance-avoided costs of over one quarter of a million dollars.
High-Performance Task Distribution for Volunteer Computing (2006)

Volunteer computing projects use a task server to manage work. Clients periodically communicate with the server to report completed tasks and get new tasks. The rate at which the server can dispatch tasks may limit the computing power available to the project. This paper discusses the design of the task server in BOINC, a middleware system for volunteer computing. We present measurements of the CPU time and disk I/O used by a BOINC server, and show that a server consisting of a single inexpensive computer can distribute on the order of 8.8 million tasks per day. With two additional computers this increases to 23.6 million tasks per day.
Direct AC-AC Step-Down Single-Phase Converter with Improved Performances (2012)

The paper presents two high-performance single-phase AC chopper circuits which perform AC-AC bidirectional direct conversion;one of them contains resistive loads and the other one is for inductive loads. It includes useful equations for chopper design. The correctfunctioning is tested by simulation.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eee.18.10.1305
An efficient pyramid image coding system (2005)

The pyramid image structure can be naturally adapted for progressive image transmission over low-speed channels and hierarchical image retrieving in computerized image archiving. An efficient pyramid image coding system using quadrature mirror filters to form the image-pyramids is proposed in this paper. Characteristics of the image-pyramids are presented. Since the Laplacian pyramids of most nature images contain sparse and spatially concentrated data, a combined run-length coding for zero-valued elements and entropy coding for elements larger than a certain threshold is employed. The textural features in the Laplacian pyramids suggest that coding techniques pursuing spatial correlation may be advantageous. Therefore, vector quantization is chosen to code the Laplacian pyramids. Simulation results have shown that simple vector quantization accomplished significant bit-rate reduction over scalar quantization. The proposed system has also shown good-quality reproduction at bit rates lower than 1 bit/pixel.
Optical Effect due to Thickness Variation of Electron Injection Layer in Organic Light-emitting Diodes (2008)

Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are attractive because of possible application in display with low-operating voltage, low-power consumption, self-emission and capability of multicolor emission by the selection of emissive materials. To investigated the optical effects, we studied the electrical and optical characteristics due to thickness variation of electron injection materials LiF on organic light-emitting diodes in the ITO (indium-tin-oxide)/N,N'-diphenyl-N, N'-bis(3-methyphenyl)-1,1'-biphenyl-4,4'-diamine(TPD)/tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum <TEX>$(Alq_3)/LiF$</TEX> layer/Al device. We maintained the thicknesses of TPD and <TEX>$Alq_3$</TEX> layers at 40 nm and 60 nm, respectively. The deposition rates of TPD and <TEX>$Alq_3$</TEX> were in the <TEX>$1.5{\AA}/s$</TEX> under a base pressure of <TEX>$5{\times}10^{-6}$</TEX> Torr. It was found that luminance and luminous efficiency of the device with 0.7 nm LiF layer improve 25 times and 7 times than the device without the LiF layer, respectively.
First-principles study of the adsorption of cesium on Si(001)(2×1) surface (2005)

First-principles calculations based on density functional theory-generalized gradient approximation method have been performed on cesium adsorption on Si(001)(2 x 1) surface. The optimized geometries and adsorption energies have been obtained and the preferred binding sites have been determined for the coverage (Theta) of one monolayer and half a monolayer. At Theta = 0.5 ML the most stable adsorption site is shown to be T3 site. At Theta = 1 ML two Cs atoms are adsorbed at HH and T3 sites, respectively. It was found that the saturation coverage of Cs for the Si(001)(2 x 1)-Cs surface is one monolayer instead of half a monolayer. This finding supports the majority of experimental observations but does not support recent coaxial impact collision ion scattering spectroscopy investigations [Surf. Sci. 531, L340 (2003)] and He(+) Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy studies [Phys. Rev. B 62, 4545 (2000)]. Mulliken charge and overlap population analysis showed that the Cs-Si bond is indeed ionic rather than polarized covalent as generally assumed for alkali metal (AM) on Si(001)(2 x 1) surface. Geometrical structure analysis seems to have limitations in determining the nature of AM-substrate bond. We also found that the silicon surface is metallic and semiconducting for the coverages of 0.5 and 1 ML, respectively.
Stable L-band superfluorescent fiber source using one pump (2009)

We first demonstrate that by inserting an appropriate section of unpumped erbium-doped fiber (EDF) in an erbium-doped superfluorescent fiber source (SFS) of double-pass backward configuration, a stable L-band SFS can be achieved. The fiber-length arrangement of unpumped fiber are shown to have significant effects on the output properties of the L-band SFS. The spectral linewidth is broadened, and the variation of mean wavelength versus pump power is eliminated to achieve a wideband and mean wavelength stable L-band SFS by optimizing the fiber-length ratio of the pumped fiber length to the total fiber length. For a 19-m-long total EDF with fiber-length ratio of 0.84, a mean wavelength stable L-band SFS with a spectral linewidth of 49.6 nm, an output power of 46.3 mW, and a mean wavelength of 1583.20 nm was experimentally achieved.
Exodisc for Rapid, Size-Selective, and Efficient Isolation and Analysis of Nanoscale Extracellular Vesicles from Biological Samples (2017)

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived, nanoscale vesicles that carry nucleic acids and proteins from their cells of origin and show great potential as biomarkers for many diseases, including cancer. Efficient isolation and detection methods are prerequisites for exploiting their use in clinical settings and understanding their physiological functions. Here, we presented a rapid, label-free, and highly sensitive method for EV isolation and quantification using a lab-on-a-disc integrated with two nanofilters (Exodisc). Starting from raw biological samples, such as cell-culture supernatant (CCS) or cancer-patient urine, fully automated enrichment of EVs in the size range of 20-600 nm was achieved within 30 min using a tabletop-sized centrifugal microfluidic system. Quantitative tests using nanoparticle-tracking analysis confirmed that the Exodisc enabled >95% recovery of EVs from CCS. Additionally, analysis of mRNA retrieved from EVs revealed that the Exodisc provided >100-fold higher concentration of mRNA as compared with the gold-standard ultracentrifugation method. Furthermore, on-disc enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using urinary EVs isolated from bladder cancer patients showed high levels of CD9 and CD81 expression, suggesting that this method may be potentially useful in clinical settings to test urinary EV-based biomarkers for cancer diagnostics.
Nutritional evaluation of kidney beans (<i>phaseolus vulgaris</i>): The toxic principle (1977)

Abstract Kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) lectins were purified by affinity chromatography on a fetuin‐Sepharose‐4B column. The net protein utilisation (NPU) of rats fed on a 5% casein‐containing diet was strongly depressed by these pure lectin preparations. The extent of this nutritional toxicity was found to be related to the lectin content of the diet according to the following equation: NPU = NPU 5% casein −280 x (where x is the lectin content in % w/w). Thus, because in addition lectin‐free kidney bean protein preparations were found to be non‐toxic for rats, it is now suggested that the toxic principle of kidney bean is identical with its constituent lectins.
Adhesion of Neoprene to Metal (1939)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAdhesion of Neoprene to MetalFelix L. YerzleyCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1939, 31, 8, 950–956Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1939Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1939https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50356a007https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50356a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views213Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts