gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chiral resolution of some antimalarial agents by sub‐ and supercritical fluid chromatography on an (S)‐naphthylurea stationary phase (1993)

Abstract The behavior of mefloquine, halofantrine, enpiroline, quinine, quinidine, chloroquine and primaquine is studied by subcritical fluid chromatography on a (S)‐naphthylurea column (250 mm × 4.6 mm ID) with a subcritical mobile phase composed of carbon dioxide, methanol and triethylamine (flow rate of 3 ml/min). Except for primaquine and chloroquine, each enantiomer was separated at a temperature between 40 and 60°C, and at a pressure below 15 MPa. A 98/2, v/v CO 2 /methanol 0.1% triethylamine mixture allowed the separation of halofantrine enantiomers while the enantiomers of the more polar metabolite (N‐desbutylhalofantrine) were separated with a 80–20 v/v mixture as used for mefloquine, enpiroline, quinine and quinidine. The influence of temperature, pressure and of the nature of the mobile phase is discussed. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Unusual Nanoparticle Structures from the Silica Sol–Gel‐Mediated Self‐Assembly of a Prussian‐Blue Analogue and the Formation of Templated Graphite Regions (2007)

Kohlenstoff hinter Glas: Nanopartikelstrukturen entstehen durch Gelieren einer Siliciumoxid-Sol-Gel-Lösung und Abscheidung des Preußischblau-Analogons KIXNiIIY[FeIII(CN)6] in der Sol-Gel-Lösung. Das Kalzinieren des so erhaltenen Nanopartikelglases zerstört den Komplex. Dieser Prozess hinterlässt Hohlräume im Siliciumdioxid, entlang deren Längsseite sich Graphitkristalle abscheiden. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2007/z701344_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
AnalysIs of the primary structure and promoter function of a pyruvate decarbozylase gene (PDCI) from<i>Saceharomyces cerevisiae</i> (1986)

The PDC1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, encoding pyruvate decarboxylase was sequenced. The gene contains an open reading frame of 1647 base pairs. The codon usage shows the same strong bias as found for some other glycolytic enzymes. Transcription starts mainly at -30 and terminates 100 base pairs downstream of the termination codon. In some strains a second termination site, 46 base pairs upstream of the stop codon was observed. The function of the promoter region was analyzed by fusion to the bacterial structural gene encoding beta-lactamase (bla). On multicopy plasmid or integrated in the genome, the expression of the bla gene showed the regulation of the authentic PDC1 gene.
[Decreased pain threshold and tolerance in patients with chronic tension headache]. (1997)

Nociceptive processing was studied in 40 patients with chronic tension-type headache and in 40 healthy controls. We found that pericranial tenderness recorded by manual palpation was considerably higher in patients than in controls (p < or = 0.0002). Pressure pain detection and tolerance thresholds recorded in the finger, by means of a pressure algometer, were significantly lower in patients than in controls (p < or = 0.0009), and a non-significant similar trend was observed in the temple (p < or = 0.12). Detection and tolerance thresholds were decreased to a similar degree in patients compared with controls, and pain thresholds recorded in the finger and in the temple were highly correlated (r = 0.84, p < 0.0001). The electrical pain threshold at the labial commissure, by means of an electrical stimulator, was significantly decreased in patients compared with controls (p = 0.03). All of the examined pain thresholds were significantly correlated to the pericranial tenderness recorded by palpation (r = -0.35 to -0.53, p < or = 0.03). We conclude that the present finding of a general hypersensitivity to pain stimuli in chronic tension-type headache indicates that central factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of this disorder.
Der Einfluss von Immunsuppressiva auf die alpha- und beta Zellproliferation nach Inseltransplantation in Mäusen (2013)

Hypothese: Die derzeitig in der Transplantationsmedizin eingesetzten Immunsuppressiva stören das Gleichgewicht zwischen Betazellregeneration und Betazelluntergang und führen somit zu einem progredienten Graft-Versagen.
Synthesis of cordierite by complexing agent-assisted sol–gel procedure (1990)

K. Maeda, F. Mizukami, S. Miyashita, S. Niwa and M. Toba, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1990, 1268 DOI: 10.1039/C39900001268
STUDIES ON<i>IN VITRO</i>PERFUSION OF BEEF AND DOG THYROID GLANDS USING RADIOIODINE<sup>1</sup> (1955)

THE maintenance of the thyroid gland in vitro, by means of vascular perfusion with a medium containing radioactive iodide, might provide a means of evaluating the direct effect of various substances on thyroid function. Roche and associates (1951) perfused beef thyroids with beef serum containing radioactive iodide in order to prepare radioactive thyroglobulin. Under aseptic conditions the beef thyroid collected I131 for 24 hours. After 5 hours of perfusion, radiothyroxine could be demonstrated in the thyroid. The purpose of this study was to delimit the general applicability of in vitro perfusion of the thyroid to problems in thyroid physiology. The thyroid glands of the beef and dog were perfused under nonsterile conditions, and a survey was made of the in vitro effect of thyroid-stimulating and thyroid-inhibiting agents. Radioactive iodine was used to measure various aspects of thyroidal function.
Draft genome of the red harvester ant <i>Pogonomyrmex barbatus</i> (2011)

We report the draft genome sequence of the red harvester ant, Pogonomyrmex barbatus. The genome was sequenced using 454 pyrosequencing, and the current assembly and annotation were completed in less than 1 y. Analyses of conserved gene groups (more than 1,200 manually annotated genes to date) suggest a high-quality assembly and annotation comparable to recently sequenced insect genomes using Sanger sequencing. The red harvester ant is a model for studying reproductive division of labor, phenotypic plasticity, and sociogenomics. Although the genome of P. barbatus is similar to other sequenced hymenopterans (Apis mellifera and Nasonia vitripennis) in GC content and compositional organization, and possesses a complete CpG methylation toolkit, its predicted genomic CpG content differs markedly from the other hymenopterans. Gene networks involved in generating key differences between the queen and worker castes (e.g., wings and ovaries) show signatures of increased methylation and suggest that ants and bees may have independently co-opted the same gene regulatory mechanisms for reproductive division of labor. Gene family expansions (e.g., 344 functional odorant receptors) and pseudogene accumulation in chemoreception and P450 genes compared with A. mellifera and N. vitripennis are consistent with major life-history changes during the adaptive radiation of Pogonomyrmex spp., perhaps in parallel with the development of the North American deserts.
Use of serum biomarkers to predict the development and severity of osteochondrosis lesions in the distal portion of the femur in pigs (2010)

Assessment of serum biomarker concentrations may be useful in the diagnosis of OC and aid in reduction of lameness in swine herds.
Probiotics in gastric and intestinal disorders as functional food and medicine (2004)

(2004). Probiotics in gastric and intestinal disorders as functional food and medicine. Scandinavian Journal of Nutrition: Vol. 48, No. 1, pp. 15-25.
REDUCED DROUGHT TOLERANCE DURING DOMESTICATION AND THE EVOLUTION OF WEEDINESS RESULTS FROM TOLERANCE-GROWTH TRADE-OFFS (2012)

The increased reproductive potential, size, shoot allocation, and growth rate of weedy plants may result from reduced resource allocation to other aspects of plant growth and defense. To investigate whether changes in resource allocation occurred during domestication or the evolution of weediness, we compared the mycorrhizal responsiveness, growth, and drought tolerance of nine native ruderal, nine agriculturally weedy (four U.S. weedy and five Australian weedy), and 14 domesticated populations (eight ancient landraces and six improved cultivars) of the common sunflower (Helianthus annuus). Domesticated sunflower cultivars were less drought tolerant, but had higher plant growth and fecundity and coarser roots than wild populations. There were no changes in level of drought tolerance between improved cultivars and ancient landrace plants, but there was an increase in allocation to flowers with recent selection. Weedy populations were intermediate between domesticated cultivars and native ruderal populations for plant growth rate, root architecture, and drought tolerance. Weedy populations benefited most from mycorrhizal inoculation by having fewer wilted leaves and wetter soil. Overall, we found that trade-offs between drought tolerance and several aspects of plant growth, including growth rate, allocation to flowering, and root architecture, govern evolution during sunflower domestication and the invasion of disturbed habitat.
A stream compiler for communication-exposed architectures (2002)

With the increasing miniaturization of transistors, wire delays are becoming a dominant factor in microprocessor performance. To address this issue, a number of emerging architectures contain replicated processing units with software-exposed communication between one unit and another (e.g., Raw, SmartMemories, TRIPS). However, for their use to be widespread, it will be necessary to develop compiler technology that enables a portable, high-level language to execute efficiently across a range of wire-exposed architectures.In this paper, we describe our compiler for StreamIt: a high-level, architecture-independent language for streaming applications. We focus on our backend for the Raw processor. Though StreamIt exposes the parallelism and communication patterns of stream programs, some analysis is needed to adapt a stream program to a software-exposed processor. We describe a partitioning algorithm that employs fission and fusion transformations to adjust the granularity of a stream graph, a layout algorithm that maps a stream graph to a given network topology, and a scheduling strategy that generates a fine-grained static communication pattern for each computational element.We have implemented a fully functional compiler that parallelizes StreamIt applications for Raw, including several load-balancing transformations. Using the cycle-accurate Raw simulator, we demonstrate that the StreamIt compiler can automatically map a high-level stream abstraction to Raw without losing performance. We consider this work to be a first step towards a portable programming model for communication-exposed architectures.
Delayed administration may improve entacapone effects in parkinsonian patients non‐responding to the drug (2004)

We suggest that the delayed administration should be attempted in the subjects not improved by entacapone co-administration.
End-to-End Quality in Multimedia Applications (1998)

Introduction The tremendous power and low price of today&apos;s computer systems have created the opportunity for exciting applications rich with graphics, audio and video. These new multimedia applications promise to support and even enhance the work we do in teams by allowing users to collaborate across both time and space. In order to live up to their potential, these multimedia applications must meet the performance needs of the users they support. Thus far, research in multimedia performance has been targeted mostly at the systems-level characteristics of performance. These characteristics, called Quality of Service (QoS), represent the set of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of a distributed multimedia system necessary to achieve the required functionality of an application. Typical QoS parameters deal with systemlevel requirements, such as a bound on network delay. Resource reservation schemes are also tied to system-level capacities, such as guaranteed network t
Laser-Induced Forward Transfer Of Metal Oxides To Trim The Frequency Of Surface Acoustic Wave Resonator Devices (1988)

The frequencies of surface acoustic wave resonators (SAWRs) sealed in novel all quartz packages have been accurately set using laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) of aluminum-oxide thin films. This technique allows accurate frequency adjustment of SAWRs over -40 parts per million (PPM) with a resolution of better than ±1 PPM. This technique does not significantly degrade relevant electrical SAWR device characteristics and provides the user with substantial cost and time savings when setting a SAWR oscillator to frequency. However, some degradation in the long-term stability of oscillators driven by laser-trimmed SAWR devices has been measured. The quality of the LIFT-deposited oxide film plays an important role in both the frequency sensitivity and long-term stability of laser-trimmed SAWR devices.
Imaging Symmetry-Selected Corner Plasmon Modes in Penta-Twinned Crystalline Ag Nanowires (2011)

Using dual-plane leakage radiation microscopy, we investigate plasmon propagation in individual penta-twinned crystalline silver nanowires. By measuring the wavevector content of the light emitted in the substrate, we unambiguously determine the effective index and the losses of the mode propagating in these structures. The experimental results, in particular, the unexpectedly low effective index, reveal the direct influence of the nanowire crystallinity and pentagonal structure on the observed plasmon modes. By analogy with molecular orbitals of similar symmetry, the plasmon modes are also determined numerically in good agreement with the observed values. We further investigate the effect of wire geometry (length, diameter) on the effective index and propagation loss. Our results show that, beyond dissipation concerns, the morphological and structural control obtained in crystalline colloidal plasmonic nanostructures can be exploited to finely tune their optical properties.
Role of Chitin-Binding Proteins in the Specific Attachment of the Marine Bacterium <i>Vibrio harveyi</i> to Chitin (1993)

We examined the mechanism of attachment of the marine bacterium Vibrio harveyi to chitin. Wheat germ agglutinin and chitinase bind to chitin and competitively inhibited the attachment of V. harveyi to chitin, but not to cellulose. Bovine serum albumin and cellulase do not bind to chitin and had no effect on bacterial attachment to chitin. These data suggest that this bacterium recognizes specific attachment sites on the chitin particle. The level of attachment of a chitinase-overproducing mutant of V. harveyi to chitin was about twice as much as that of the uninduced wild type. Detergent-extracted cell membranes inhibited attachment and contained a 53-kDa peptide that was overproduced by the chitinase-overproducing mutant. Three peptides (40, 53, and 150 kDa) were recovered from chitin which had been exposed to membrane extracts. Polyclonal antibodies raised against extracellular chitinase cross-reacted with the 53- and 150-kDa chitin-binding peptides and inhibited attachment, probably by sterically hindering interactions between the chitin-binding peptides and chitin. The 53- and 150-kDa chitin-binding peptides did not have chitinase activity. These results suggest that chitin-binding peptides, especially the 53-kDa chitin-binding peptide and chitinase and perhaps the 150-kDa peptide, mediate the specific attachment of V. harveyi to chitin.
Non-Functional P2X7: A Novel and Ubiquitous Target in Human Cancer (2014)

The World Health Organisation reports there were 14.1 million new cancer cases and 8.2 million cancer deaths in 2012 demonstrating significant unmet medical needs exist. Modifications to cell death mechanisms that take place during cancer and the significant proliferative and metastatic potential of cancer cells have focused medical research onto targets and pathways that are known to control these critical functions. One such target is the P2X7 receptor. P2X7 is a purinergic receptor that forms ATP-gated channels ultimately mediating proliferation or cell death, depending on activation conditions. Recent preclinical studies have investigated the possibility that modulators of the P2X7 channel may provide innovative cancer therapeutic approaches. The P2X7 receptors expressed on cancer cells are found in a non-functional conformation we define as nfP2X7. The nfP2X7 receptor is unable to form the large pore conformation of the channel that is associated with driving cell death. In the present study we utilise antibodies that are specific to the nfP2X7 form of P2X7 to confirm the expression of nfP2X7 receptor in a panel of human cancer tissues. We demonstrate that the nfP2X7 is expressed ubiquitously on the surface of cancer cells and thus has potential to provide a novel and broad therapeutic cancer target.
Ginsenoside-Rp1-induced apolipoprotein A-1 expression in the LoVo human colon cancer cell line (2014)

These results suggest that G-Rp1 may act as an anticancer agent by strongly inhibiting cell proliferation and enhancing apoptosis through upregulation of Apo-A1.
Rapid Production of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis in Rhesus Monkeys by Injection of Brain Tissue With Adjuvants (1946)

Rapid production in the monkey of a pathological condition resembling acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, marked by demyelination, can be achieved by the use of adjuvants added to rabbit brain emulsions.
Scalable qos-aware mobility for future mobile operators (2006)

Telecom operators and Internet service providers are heading for a new shift in communications paradigms. The forthcoming convergence of cellular and wireless data networks is often manifested in an "all IP approach" in which all communications are based on an end-to-end IP protocol framework. The approach to network design becomes user and service-centered, so that continuous reachability of mobile users and sustained communication capabilities are default requirements for a prospective architecture. In this article, we describe a network architecture which is able to provide seamless communication mobility, triggered either by the user or by the network, across multiple technologies. The architecture allows for media independent handovers and supports optimized mobility and resource management functions. The main focus of the article is on major technical highlights of mobility and quality-of-service (QoS) management subsystems for converged networks
Organic‐Catalyst‐Mediated Cyclopropanation Reaction (2003)

A catalytic ammonium ylide based cyclopropanation process forms trans-disubstituted cyclopropanes in good yield upon reaction with electron-deficient alkenes (see scheme; EWG=electron-withdrawing group). The reaction is also highly enantioselective when a stoichiometric amount of a chiral tertiary amine is used. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2003/z50353_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Cancer Yield of Mammography, MR, and US in High-Risk Women: Prospective Multi-Institution Breast Cancer Screening Study (2007)

Screening MR imaging had a higher biopsy rate but helped detect more cancers than either mammography or US. US had the highest false-negative rate compared with mammography and MR, enabling detection of only one in six cancers in high-risk women.
Surgical technique of hemipelvectomy in the lateral position. (1981)

Hemipelvectomy is most frequently indicated for sarcoma of the upper thigh, hip, or pelvis. With the patient in the lateral position the incision is made through the anterior abdominal wall, and the iliac vessels are dissected free and divided just distal to the aortic bifurcation. The multiple visceral branches of the internal iliac vessels are divided and ligated to expose the sacral nerve roots deep within the pelvis. The posterior skin flap is dissected free and the gluteus maximus muscle severed from its origin on the sacrum. Back muscles are detached from the wing of the ilium and the psoas muscle with accompanying obturator and femoral nerves is divided. The pelvis begins to open as the symphysis pubis is divided. Next the sacral nerve roots are divided and anterior capsule of the sacroiliac joint. The muscles and ligaments of the pelvic floor are severed including the urogenital diaphragm, levator ani muscle, sacrotuberous ligament, and sacrospinalis ligament. The specimen is released by severing the sacroiliac joint posteriorly. The operative defect is closed by suturing gluteal fascia to inguinal ligament over suction drains.
Circulating TFH Subset Distribution Is Strongly Affected in Lupus Patients with an Active Disease (2013)

Follicular helper T cells (TFH) represent a distinct subset of CD4(+) T cells specialized in providing help to B lymphocytes, which may play a central role in autoimmune diseases having a major B cell component such as systemic lupus erythematosus. Recently, TFH subsets that share common phenotypic and functional characteristics with TFH cells from germinal centers, have been described in the peripheral blood from healthy individuals. The aim of this study was to analyze the distribution of such populations in lupus patients. Circulating TFH cell subsets were defined by multicolor flow cytometry as TFH17 (CXCR3(-)CCR6(+)), TFH1 (CXCR3 (+) CCR6(-)) or TFH2 (CXCR3(-)CCR6(-)) cells among CXCR5 (+) CD45RA(-)CD4(+) T cells in the peripheral blood of 23 SLE patients and 23 sex and age-matched healthy controls. IL-21 receptor expression by B cells was analyzed by flow cytometry and the serum levels of IL-21 and Igs were determined by ELISA tests. We found that the TFH2 cell subset frequency is strongly and significantly increased in lupus patients with an active disease (SLEDAI score>8), while the TFH1 cell subset percentage is greatly decreased. The TFH2 and TFH1 cell subset frequency alteration is associated with the presence of high Ig levels and autoantibodies in patient's sera. Moreover, the TFH2 cell subset enhancement correlates with an increased frequency of double negative memory B cells (CD27(-)IgD(-)CD19(+) cells) expressing the IL-21R. Finally, we found that IgE levels in lupus patients' sera correlate with disease activity and seem to be associated with high TFH2 cell subset frequency. In conclusion, our study describes for the first time the distribution of circulating TFH cell subsets in lupus patients. Interestingly, we found an increased frequency of TFH2 cells, which correlates with disease activity. Our results suggest that this subset might play a key role in lupus pathogenesis.