gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Chemistry of Some Nitrogen-Centered Radicals (1978)

The chemistry of nitrogen-centered radicals has been reviewed comprehensively by Nelsen (1), and, more recently, by Forrester (2). The present paper deals largely with the chemistry of a more restricted group of these radicals, the dialkylamino radicals. These radicals are an intriguing class because of their seemingly dichotomous behavior. Besides being normal, electron deficient, and therefore, electrophilic species, they are also basic and hence could exhibit nucleophilic properties. The pKA of Me2NH+ has been estimated to be 6.5-7.3 (3). Profound changes in amino radical reactivity are produced by protonation, complexation by metals, and by substitution with electron attracting groups. These effects can be seen as a result of changes in electron density around the central atom, i.e. these changes which reduce non bonding electron density at nitrogen tend to make the radical more electrophilic, and, therefore, more reactive in typical radical reactions. It is convenient to discuss the reactivity of
Visuomotor regulation of locomotion. (1996)

Vision is obviously important for the control of goal-directed locomotion. This profound influence can be best revealed by interfering with the visual pathways or by altering the visual inputs normally expected to occur during locomotion. For instance, the use of reversed optic flow or reversing prisms can induce significant locomotor changes or lead to powerful illusions, such as the sensation of backward walking while actually walking forward. To better understand the many ways by which visual inputs could actually influence locomotion, an overview of some of the background concepts on the generation, initiation, and control of locomotion is given and, when pertinent, mechanisms by which vision could interact with locomotion at different control levels of the central nervous system are postulated.
Low Positioning of Umbilical-Artery Catheters Increases Associated Complications in Newborn Infants (1979)

Mokrohisky, Stefan T.; Levine, Rodney L.; Blumhagen, Joel D.; Wesenberg, Richard L.; Simmons, Michael A. Author Information
The reactions of some azides with an anionic phosphorus(III) complex (1985)

The first example of a Staudinger reaction involving an anionic phosphorus(III) species is reported; the 31P chemical shift and reactivity of the resulting product indicate the formation of a novel iminophosphoranide(V).
Monosomy 7 and deletion 7q in children and adolescents with acute myeloid leukemia: an international retrospective study (2007)

Monosomy 7 (-7) and deletion 7q \del(7q)] are rare in childhood acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We retrospectively collected data on 258 children with AML or refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation (RAEB-T) and -7 or del(7q) with or without other cytogenetic aberrations \+/- other]. Karyotypes included -7 (n = 90), -7 other (n = 82), del(7q) (n = 21), and del(7q) other (n = 65). Complete remission (CR) was achieved in fewer patients with -7 +/- other compared with del(7q) +/- other (61% versus 89%, P < .001). Overall, the 5-year survival rate was 39% (SE, 3%). Survival was superior in del(7q) +/- other compared with -7 +/- other (51% versus 30%, P < .01). Cytogenetic aberrations considered favorable in AML \t(8;21)(q22;q22), inv(16)(p13q22), t(15;17)(q22;q21), t(9;11)(p22;q23)] (n = 24) were strongly associated with del(7q) and a higher 5-year survival rate compared with del(7q) without favorable cytogenetics (75% versus 46%, P = .03). Patients with -7 and inv(3),-5/del(5q), or + 21 had a 5-year survival rate of 5%. Stem cell transplantation analyzed as a time-dependent variable had no impact on overall survival. However, patients not achieving CR had a 31% survival rate after stem cell transplantation. Childhood AML with chromosome 7 aberrations represents a heterogeneous group of disorders with additional cytogenetic aberrations having a major prognostic impact which should be reflected in future risk-group stratification.
44. Huart (Pierre). Γνώμη chez Thucydide et ses contemporains (1975)

Brunel Jean. 44. Huart (Pierre). Γνώμη chez Thucydide et ses contemporains . In: Revue des Études Grecques, tome 88, fascicule 419-423, Janvier-décembre 1975. pp. 284-285.
A Data-Driven Approach to Autonomous Management of Photonic Switching System (2021)

We propose a data-driven approach based on Machine Learning (ML) to predict control signals of a photonic switching system. The proposed ML agent is trained and tested in a completely topological and technological agnostic way and we envision its application in real-time control-planes.
Surgical Method for Implanted Tinnitus Suppressor. (1996)

A surgical method of fully internal tinnitus suppressor is presented. The surgical approach for the placement of the electrode is very simple and causes less injury to the cochlea. This surgical approach is quite similar to the exploratory tympanotomy. The unit is located at the seat which is drilled in the mastoid bone just behind the external ear canal. The stimulating electrode is introduced to the middle ear beneath the skin of the ear canal on the posterior bony wall. The tip of the electrode located on the promontory is secured by the fascia The primary coil is contained in the Behind-the-Ear case.
Rappaport Furrows on Our Minds (2004)

Some of the basic principles of cytokinesis were established 40 or more years ago. Cytokinesis researchers since then have struggled with the confusions inherent in redundant and interdependent pathways. Now, however, enough molecular detail is accumulating to bring some order to thoughts on how one
Does meditation training lead to enduring changes in the anticipation and experience of pain? (2010)

1Department of Psychology, Columbia University, 406 Schermerhorn Hall, 1190 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10027, Mail Code 5501, USA Tel.: +1 212 854 1860; fax: +1 212 854 9648. 2Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Muenzinger D244, 345 UCB, Boulder, Colorado, 80309–0345, USA Tel.: +1 303 492 7487; fax: +1 303 492 2967. E-mail addresses:[email protected], [email protected]
Reactivity of Human Immunoglobulins in Echinococcosis and Trichinosis (1968)

SummaryImmunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, and IgM) were separated from the serum of a person infected with Trichinella spiralis (Serum T) and another infected with Echinococcus granulosus (Serum E) by Sephadex G-200 and DEAE cellulose column chromatography and sucrose-density gradient ultracentrifugation. The composition of fractions was assayed by the Ouchterlony technique and by immunoelectrophoresis. Whole serum and serum fractions were tested by serodiagnostic methods and by passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) in the guinea pig and monkey. The IgG fractions of Serum E were reactive in serologic tests and in the skin of guinea pigs. Reactivity in the skin of monkeys appeared to be associated with the IgA fraction from a Sephadex G-200 column and the IgG fraction from a DEAE cellulose column. The IgM fraction from serum T showed the greatest reactivity in serologic tests. The IgG fraction was reactive in serologic tests and in the skin of guinea pigs. Neither serum T nor fractions derived from it reacted in the PCA test carried out in monkeys.
Cell Separation in Blue-Green Bacteria (1974)

Autolysin-like enzymes appear to be responsible for cell separation in Agmenellum quadruplicatum. Mutants that are impaired in cell separation and grow as chains exhibit reduced cell lytic activity. Lysozyme, extracted autolysin, and antibiotics that affect peptidoglycan synthesis phenotypically suppress chain formation. Various aspects of the regulation of the cell separation process were also examined. Studies involving antibiotic inhibitors of macromolecular synthesis and general growth inhibitors provided no evidence for the active regulation of the cell separation process during the latter portion of the division cycle. Evidence was obtained, however, for the partial restriction of peptidogly-can hydrolysis by unknown secondary modifications. The thin electron-dense layer of peptidoglycan along the sides of cells was much more resistant to hydrolysis by egg-white lysozyme than was the septum between daughter cells. The middle portion of the septum was more sensitive than was the layer immediately adjacent to the cytoplasmic membrane. Under conditions that would not osmotically stabilize spheroplasts, lysozyme facilitates rapid cell separation in chain-forming mutants with little leakage of cellular protein or loss of viability.
Adjuvant Breast Cancer Treatments Induce Changes in Homoarginine Level – A Prospective Observational Study (2017)

HA decrease during chemotherapy could indicate an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity. Additionally, HA increase in tamoxifen users may reflect a cardioprotective effect of tamoxifen.
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleosides and Nucleotides. Part 123. Synthesis of 1‐(2‐Deoxy‐2‐ isocyano‐β‐D‐arabinofuranosyl)cytosine and Related Nucleosides as Potential Antitumor Agents. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Polynomial dynamic controller (2011)

The analysis and synthesis of control systems for complex dynamic processes are challenging tasks. The PID controller is the most common controller widely used in industrial processes. However PID tuning is heuristic and approximate and couldn't guarantee optimal control. A novel control approach, polynomial dynamic control (PDC), is described in this paper. PDC integrates dynamic linear process analysis, system identification and controller design into one algorithm. An optimal trajectory from one setpoint to another is guaranteed regardless of the plant characteristics. The performance of the polynomial dynamic controller is investigated for both setpoint tracking and load disturbance by comparing to a well tuned PID controller.
Helical thiaza[2.2]metacyclophanes. Synthesis, structure, circular dichroism, absolute configuration (1996)

A series of helical-chiral 1-thia-10-aza[2.2]metacyclophanes 2–11 with different substituents at the nitrogen atom and at the aromatic ring have been synthesised and their chiroptical properties examined. These new N-substituted phanes are more suitable for the investigation of structure-chiroptics relationships than the already characterised N-tosylated aza[2.2]phanes. Their absolute configuration can be derived by comparison with the known parent compound 1 with free NH in the bridge.Chiral separations were achieved by HPLC, using a cellulose carbamate-coated, chiral column material. The secondary amine 1 has been derivatised at the nitrogen atom with various electrophiles. The X-ray structures of 1–4 give detailed information about deformation and distortion in the [2.2]metacyclophane skeleton. In the N-tosyl[2.2]metacyclophanes 8–11, containing stilbene chromophores, the UV absorption is shifted bathochromically. The disturbing influence of hte tosyl chromophore in the CD spectra can be accounted for by the separation of the stilbene transitions. The synthetic method used is demonstrated to be more generally applicable to strained secondary amines by preparing the first chiral and even more strained thiaza[2.2]orthometacyclophane 15.
Utilisation d'un microfiltre tangentiel en oenologie (1984)

<p style="text-align: justify;">A pilot tangential filter made by the Societe I D E and 4 different membranes were tested in a cooperative winery in the Gironde during the 1983 crush. The apparatus can produce, from a must or wine high in suspended solids, a liquid brillantly clear, sterile, and heat (protein) stable. However, certain membranes profoundly modified the macromolecular stucture of wines (polysaccharides and polyphenols) and the organoleptic character of red wines.</p>
Endoscopic Ex Vivo Evaluation of Bile Concentrations by Narrow Band Imaging: A Pilot Study (2015)

Background. Bile juice plays a major role in duodenogastroesophageal reflux (DGERD). Several devices to directly measure the bile concentration have been proposed. We aimed to ex-vivo evaluate the bile concentration by narrow band imaging (NBI). Method. From six surgical cholecystectomies, the content of the gallbladders was aspirated and the total biliary acid (TBA) concentration was evaluated. 2 mL was employed for serial twofold dilutions. Each dilution was scoped. Images on white light (WL) and NBI were captured and grouped accordingly to NBI-appearance and TBA-concentration. Results. Nondiluted bile had a TBA-concentration of 61965 ± 32989 μmol/L. Final dilution (1 : 4096) had 1.16 μmol/L. NBI and correspondent WL images were grouped into seven groups, and an NBI/Bile scale was created. Conclusion. The scale showed that not only NBI scale but also white light scale could be useful to predict the bile concentration. This initial study shows that NBI has a potential role in the detection of DGERD and further investigation is warranted to distinguish the presence and the concentration of bile, especially at very low TBA concentrations.
Galileo'S New Order (2013)

WorldWide Telescope Tour about Galileo's Discovery of Jupiter's Moons
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of β‐Haloenones with Tetrathiomolybdate: Synthesis of Vinyl Disulfides. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
VRPN (2001)

The Virtual-Reality Peripheral Network (VRPN) system provides a device-independent and network-transparent interface to virtual-reality peripherals. VRPN's application of factoring by function and of layering in the context of devices produces an interface that is novel and powerful. VRPN also integrates a wide range of known advanced techniques into a publicly-available system. These techniques benefit both direct VRPN users and those who implement other applications that make use of VR peripherals.
Sistema de señalización purinérgica: potencial terapéutico (2005)

The concept of a purinergic signalling system, using purine nucleotides and nucleosides as extracellular messengers, was first proposed over 30 years ago. After a brief introduction and update of purinoceptor subtypes, this article focuses on the diverse pathophysiological roles of ATP, ADP, UTP and adenosine. These molecules mediate short-term (acute) signalling functions in neurotransmission, secretion and vasodilatation and long-term (chronic) signalling functions in development, regeneration, proliferation and cell death. Plasticity of purinoceptor expression in pathological conditions is frequently observed, including an increase in the purinergic component of parasympathetic nervous control of the human bladder in interstitial cystitis and outflow obstruction, and in sympathetic cotransmitter control of blood vessels in hypertensive rats. The antithrombotic action of clopidogrel, a P2Y12 receptor antagonist, has been shown to be particularly useful in the prevention of recurrent strokes and heart attacks in recent clinical trials. The role of P2X3 receptors in nociception and a novel hypothesis about purinergic mechano-sensory transduction in visceral pain will be considered, as well as the therapeutic potential of purinergic agonists or antagonists for the treatment of supraventricular tachycardia, cancer, dry eye, bladder hyperactivity, erectile dysfunction, osteoporosis, diabetes, gut motility, respiratory and vascular disorders.
Characterization of Spin Hall and Magneto-ionic Devices for Logic, Memory and Neuromorphic Applications (2021)

University of Minnesota Ph.D. dissertation. July 2021. Major: Physics. Advisor: Jian-Ping Wang. 1 computer file (PDF); xix, 136 pages.
Alkyl nitrates in outflow from North America over the North Atlantic during Intercontinental Transport of Ozone and Precursors 2004 (2007)

This paper is based on alkyl nitrate measurements made over the North Atlantic as part of the International Consortium for Research on Atmospheric Transport and Transformation (ICARTT). The focus is on the analysis of air samples collected on the UK BAe‐146 aircraft during the Intercontinental Transport of Ozone and Precursors (ITOP) project, but air samples collected on board the NASA DC‐8 and NOAA WP‐3D aircraft as part of a Lagrangian experiment are also used. The ratios between the alkyl nitrates and their parent hydrocarbons are compared with those expected from chemical theory. Further, a box model is run to investigate the temporal evolution of the alkyl nitrates in three Lagrangian case studies and compared to observations. The air samples collected during ITOP do not appear to be strongly influenced by oceanic sources, but rather are influenced by emissions from the N.E. United States and from Alaskan fires. There also appears to be a widespread common source of ethyl nitrate and 1‐propyl nitrate other than from their parent hydrocarbons. The general agreement between the alkyl nitrate data and photochemical theory suggests that during the first few days of transport from the source region, photochemical production of alkyl nitrates, and thus ozone, had taken place. The observations in the more photochemically processed air masses are consistent with the alkyl nitrate production reactions no longer dominating the peroxy radical self/cross reactions. Further, the results also suggest that the rates of photochemical processing in the Alaskan smoke plumes were small.
Myofibroblast-Mediated Adventitial Remodeling (2011)

The arterial adventitia has been long considered an essentially supportive tissue; however, more and more data suggest that it plays a major role in the modulation of the vascular tone by complex interactions with structures located within intima and media. The purpose of this review is to summarize these data and to describe the mechanisms involved in adventitia/media and adventitia/intima cross-talk. In response to a plethora of stimuli, the adventitia undergoes remodeling processes, resulting in positive (adaptive) remodeling, negative (constrictive) remodeling, or both. The differentiation of the adventitial fibroblast into myofibroblast (MF), a key player of wound healing and fibrosis development, is a hallmark of negative remodeling; this can lead to vessel stenosis and thus contribute to major cardiovascular diseases. The mechanisms of fibroblast-to-MF differentiation and the role of the MF in adventitial remodeling are highlighted herein.
Effect of Coexisting Essential Heavy Metals on the Estimation of Lead in Natural Food Additives by Heavy Metals Limit Test (1996)

The concentrations of heavy metals in commercial natural food additives (9 items, 10 products) used to increase the shelf life of foods were determined. Pb content was below 3μg/g in all items, though some items contained about 10μg/g of Cu or over 200μg/g of Fe. The influence of Cu and Fe on the Heavy Metals Limit Test was investigated using the items that contained large amounts of Cu or Fe. Although not darker than the color of the control solution (the limit was set at 20μg/g as Pb), darkening was observed in the test solution of the pepper extract that showed the highest concentrations of Pb and Cu. Since the color of 100μg/g of Cu corresponded to that of 40μg/g of Pb, Cu in the pepper extract contributed more to the darkness than the Pb. In an HPLC-ICP study on a neutral solution of pectin digests, an Fe peak, which may be ascribed to Fe bound to galacturonic acid, was observed. Since various metals are present in commercial products of natural food additives, it is considered that specifications for, at least, lead, heavy metals, and arsenic should be established for natural food additives.
Fluorierte Aminosäuren, V. Reaktionen von 3.3.3‐Trifluor‐alanin und seine Verwendung für Peptidsynthesen (1970)

Abstract Aus 3.3.3‐Trifluor‐alanin ( 1 ) werden verschiedene N ‐Acyl‐Derivate und Ester dargestellt. Ungewöhnlich ist die Bildung eines kristallinen Dicyclohexylammonium‐Salzes und die Veresterung zu 2 mit ätherischem Diazomethan. Mit Basen tritt leicht Eliminierung von HF ein. Die Synthese von Dipeptid‐Derivaten, die 1 enthalten, wird beschrieben.
Trace Element Status of PKU Children Ingesting an Elemental Diet (1987)

We assessed the trace metal status of 10 children (3.5 to 13.3 yr) with phenylketonuria (PKU) who were successively treated for at least 6 months with a semi-synthetic formula restricted in phenylalanine, then for 6 months with a reformulated formula. The reformulated product contained higher concentrations of magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), phosphorus (P), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zn) and lower concentrations of calcium (Ca), sodium (Na), and unsaturated fats. Diet records, blood samples, and urine specimens were collected from each subject. Mean intakes of Mg, K, and Zn increased significantly when subjects were switched to the reformulated product. The subject's mean intakes of Se (for all age groups) and Zn (children 11 to 14 yr old) were below 67% of recommended intakes while they were ingesting the original formula. The mean trace metal concentrations of urine, blood, and serum did not differ significantly during the two periods. Mean serum Zn, Se, and Cu concentrations of the subjects were less than those reported for normal children. Significant negative correlations were obtained between serum Zn concentrations and the molar ratio of dietary (Ca + P):Zn, and the molar ratio of dietary Fe:Zn. No significant differences in mean urinary Cu and Zn excretion (mg/g creatinine) were observed in subjects after they were changed to the reformulated product. Individuals whose primary source of energy and protein is derived from semi-synthetic elemental diets are especially at risk for multiple trace element deficiencies.
On the construction of comma-free codes (1965)

A construction is given which produces maximal (in number of words) comma-free codes for any odd word length <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</tex> and any alphabet size <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\sigma</tex> .
High field-effect mobility in n-channel Si face 4H-SiC MOSFETs with gate oxide grown on aluminum ion-implanted material (2005)

We report investigations of Si face 4H-SiC MOSFETs with aluminum (Al) ion-implanted gate channels. High-quality SiO/sub 2/-SiC interfaces are obtained both when the gate oxide is grown on p-type epitaxial material and when grown on ion-implanted regions. A peak field-effect mobility of 170 cm/sup 2//V/spl middot/s is extracted from transistors with epitaxially grown channel region of doping 5/spl times/10/sup 15/ cm/sup -3/. Transistors with implanted gate channels with an Al concentration of 1/spl times/10/sup 17/ cm/sup -3/ exhibit peak field-effect mobility of 100 cm/sup 2//V/spl middot/s, while the mobility is 51 cm/sup 2//V/spl middot/s for an Al concentration of 5/spl times/10/sup 17/ cm/sup -3/. The mobility reduction with increasing acceptor density follows the same functional relationship as in n-channel Si MOSFETs.
Field Demonstration In Situ Fenton`s Destruction of DNAPLS (1998)

A collaborative effort between Geo-Cleanse International, Inc. and WSRC in 1997 resulted in demonstration of in situ oxidation based on Fenton`s chemistry.
Late Acute Liver Allograft Rejection; A Study of Its Natural History and Graft Survival in the Current Era (2013)

LAR continues to provide a risk to patient and graft survival: understanding risk factors may allow an improvement in monitoring and early intervention and so prevent early graft loss.