gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
AAM based continuous facial expression recognition for face image sequences (2011)

In this paper a method of automatic real-time capable continual facial expression recognition becomes described and compared with a similarly classification. Whereas the classification maps each image into one of the 7 basic emotions (neutral, happy, sad, disgust, surprise, fear, anger) and the regression maps each image into an one-dimensional emotion space. Both methods, the continual recognition and the classification based on Active Appearance Models (AAMs) and Support Vector Machines (SVMs). To reduce the influence of individual features an Individual Mean Face (MF) is estimated over time. The emotion regression will be used in service robotic by human-robotic interaction to analyze the continual change of humans emotional state to get a feedback for a gentler, more natural and adaptive dialog. This is needed for more acceptance and usability of service or health-care robotic in the household environment.
Compact Modeling of MOSFET Wearout Mechanisms for Circuit-Reliability Simulation (2008)

The integration density of state-of-the-art electronic systems is limited by the reliability of the manufactured integrated circuits at a desired circuit density. Design rules, operating voltages, frequencies, and temperatures are precisely chosen to ensure correct product functional operation over its intended lifetime. Thus, in order to obtain the overall performance and functionality bounded by various design and manufacturing constraints, the integrated circuit reliability must be modeled and analyzed at the very beginning of design stages. This paper reviews some of the most important intrinsic wearout mechanisms of MOSFETs (including hot-carrier injection, time-dependent dielectric breakdown, and negative bias temperature instability) and introduces new accelerated-lifetime and SPICE compact models of these wearout mechanisms. Based on these circuit-aging models, a new SPICE reliability simulation approach is proposed and demonstrated with a simplified SRAM design on a commercial 90-nm technology to help designers understand device-failure behaviors, predict circuit reliability, and improve product robustness.
EDUCATION AND RESEARCHES NEEDED FOR WATER SUPPLY ENGINEERING IN THE 21 CENTURY (2002)

本文を終えるにあたり, 筆者は次のようなことを力説したがっているようだ.私共のプロとしての責務は「水の供給にともなう公衆衛生の確保にある」ことは言うまでもない. ただ, 公衆衛生と個人にとっての衛生の間に何がしかの差があるか否か若干いぶかっているようである. 本来, 健康とか幸せとは全く個人固有のものである. では, 公衆衛生とはいったい何を指すのか? 関係するすべての個人の平均的健康を指すのか? 筆者は, 独善的に「公衆衛生とは集団の中の最も弱者の健康問題にある」と力説したがっているようである. 筆者が阪神・淡路大震災の折, 厚生省の水道被害調査団長として現地に入った節, 上のように, 公衆衛生とは弱者あるいはもっとも悲惨な人の健康にあると痛感した. 被害が99%回復しても, 責務が完了したようには実感できなかった. 5週間以上にわたっての水の無い生活を余儀なくされている人々がまだ1%も残っている. 全員が復旧するまで責務は終わらないとの思いであった. この思いに悩まされると同時に, 自分が衛生工学を学びそれを仕事としていることに誇りと満足感を味わうこととなった. 私共の役割はすべての関係者が肉体的にも精神的にも健康を取り戻すまで継続するのだろうと.こういった特異な経験から, 表現を変えれば, 人間が存在する限り, 私共の責務は続く, かつ限りが無い, との思いである.責務に究極のゴールは無いのか, せめて, 努力を継続することによってのみ許されるようなものかもしれない. 独り善がりかもしれないが, 現実的には他分野での驚異的な科学進歩を人々に代わって勉学を続け, これを自分たちの専門分野に導入することによって, かろうじて赦免されるものかもしれないとの思いである.翻って見るに, 長きにわたりこの道のプロと自認してきた己の小ささと成果のなさを恥じ入るばかりである. せめて, 本文を記載したことを機会として, 退官とはいえ, さらなる勉学を継続し, 少しでも人々のお役に立ち続けることをここに宣言したい思いである.
iSeeker: Towards an Engine for Processing Aggregated Search on Linked Data (2015)

Aggregated search consists in retrieving, synthesizing and assembling fragments of information from a set of distributed and autonomous sources. Search engines, such as Google and Bing, have adopted aggregated search. The effectiveness and extensive potentiality of aggregated search have also attracted researchers from the Semantic Web community. In Semantic Web, aggregated search mainly targets aggregated SPARQL query processing. The goal of this approach is to apply the principle of aggregated search in querying distributed RDF graphs stored in a wide number of verticals (a.k.a sources or endpoints). The critical characteristics of an efficient aggregated SPARQL processing engine include completeness of meaningful and useful information and performance. The straightforward queries that are submitted by the users do not always cover everything what users had in their mind. The key reason is that the users are unaware of all the sources available on the Web. The query processing engine should take some responsibility in this occasion, to provide additional information which the users expect. In fact, this is one of the core principles of aggregated search. We propose a preliminary framework for aggregated SPARQL query processing engine. We describe an architecture with its components designed to increase the performance of the underlying search engine.
MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry for the Detection and Differentiation of Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar (2015)

Detection of Entamoeba histolytica and its differentiation from Entamoeba dispar is an important goal of the clinical parasitology laboratory. The aim of this study was the identification and differentiation of E. histolytica and E. dispar by MALDI-TOF MS, in order to evaluate the application of this technique in routine diagnostic practice. MALDI-TOF MS was applied to 3 amebic reference strains and to 14 strains isolated from feces that had been differentiated by molecular methods in our laboratory. Protein extracts from cultures of these strains (axenic cultures for the 3 reference strains and monoxenic cultures for the 14 field isolates) were analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS and the spectra obtained were analyzed by statistical software. Five peaks discriminating between E. histolytica and E. dispar reference strains were found by protein profile analysis: 2 peaks (8,246 and 8,303 Da) specific for E. histolytica and 3 (4,714; 5,541; 8,207 Da) for E. dispar. All clinical isolates except one showed the discriminating peaks expected for the appropriate species. For 2 fecal samples from which 2 strains (1 E. histolytica and 1 E. dispar) out of the 14 included in this study were isolated, the same discriminating peaks found in the corresponding isolated amebic strains were detected after only 12h (E. histolytica) and 24h (E. dispar) of incubation of the fecal samples in Robinson's medium without serum. Our study shows that MALDI-TOF MS can be used to discriminate between E. histolytica and E. dispar using in vitro xenic cultures and it also could have potential for the detection of these species in clinical samples.
Definitive endoderm derived from human embryonic stem cells highly express the integrin receptors αV and β5 (2010)

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) can be directed to differentiate into a number of endoderm cell types, however mature functional cells have yet to be produced in vitro. This suggests that there may be important factors that have yet to be described, which may be essential for the proper derivation of these cells. One such factor is the integrin mediated interactions between a cell and the extracellular matrix (ECM). On this basis, the present study investigated the role of the ECM in the directed differentiation of hESCs to definitive endoderm via analysis of integrin gene expression. The results showed that definitive endoderm can be efficiently and effectively derived from hESCs in a feeder free, single defined ECM of laminin. Analysis of integrin expression also showed that definitive endoderm highly express the integrins alphaV and beta5, which have the ability to bind to vitronectin, whilst expression of the pluripotency related laminin binding integrins alpha3, alpha6 and beta4 were downregulated. This suggested a potential role of vitronectin binding integrins in the development of definitive endoderm.
Preliminary phytochemical, pharmacognostic and physicochemical evaluation of leaf of Gomphrena serrata (2017)

Background and aims: To analyze the pharmacognostic characteristics and physiochemical
parameters of the leaves of Gomphrena serrata (G. serrata).
Methods: Microscopic characters and powder analysis had been carried out with the help
of a microscope. The physiochemical properties such as loss on drying, total ash value,
acid insoluble ash value, water soluble ash value, extractive values and fluorescence of
G. serrata had been performed.
Results: Macroscopically, the leaves are simple, elliptical in shape, rounded or obtuse
apex with an entire margin. Microscopically, the leaf showed the presence of epidermal
cells with uniseriate multicellular covering trichomes and anomocytic stomata, followed
by 1-2 layered collenchymatous cells and 10-15 numbered conjoint, collateral closed
vascular bundles are some of the diagnostic characteristics observed from an anatomical
study. Powder microscopy of leaf revealed the presence of uniseriate multicellular
covering trichomes, lignified xylem vessels, epidermis with anomocytic stomata and
parenchyma cells. The investigations also included leaf surface data i.e., quantitative leaf
microscopy and fluorescence analysis. Physiochemical parameters such as loss on drying,
extractive values and ash values were also determined. Preliminary phytochemical
screening showed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, steroids, carbohydrates,
glycosides, amino acids and proteins.
Conclusion: The morphological, microscopical and physicochemical parameter results
provided in this paper may be utilized as a basis for the preparation of a monograph on
G. serrata leaves.
DNA damage and cell cycle checkpoints (1996)

DNA is prone to numerous forms of damage that can injure cells and impair fitness. Cells have evolved an array of mechanisms to repair these injuries. Proliferating cells are especially vulnerable to DNA damage due to the added demands of cellular growth and division. Cell cycle checkpoints represent integral components of DNA repair that coordinate cooperation between the machinery of the cell cycle and several biochemical pathways that respond to damage and restore DNA structure. By delaying progression through the cell cycle, checkpoints provide more time for repair before the critical phases of DNA replication, when the genome is replicated, and of mitosis, when the genome is segregated. Loss or attenuation of checkpoint function may increase spontaneous and induced gene mutations and chromosomal aberrations by reducing the efficiency of DNA repair. Defects in checkpoint control have been seen in certain hereditary cancer syndromes and at early stages of cell transformation. Mutations in checkpoint control genes therefore may contribute to the genetic instability that appears to drive neoplastic evolution.
Pre-visualization of Interaction on Game Character's Quest Play : Towards of Narrative Structure (2011)

게임기획자는 내러티브를 기반으로 퀘스트의 초기 설계를 한다. 이러한 게임의 정적 컨텐트 수립에 있어 게임캐릭터의 플레이경험을 사전 예측하는 것은 중요하다. 본 논문은 게임캐릭터가 고유한 스테이터스를 바탕으로 퀘스트 플레이를 수행함에 있어 캐릭터간 구별되는 정서적 인터랙션을 시각화 할 수 있는 방법에 대해 다루고 있다. 이를 위해 첫째, 기존 영상매체에서 내러티브 구조의 시각화에 대한 연구를 바탕으로 둘째, 퀘스트플레이 경험과 플레이어 인지행동을 구체화하였다. 셋째, 사례분석을 통해 캐릭터별 퀘스트플레이 과정에서의 차이를 QUG(Quest Unit Graph)로 시각화하여 직관적인 확인이 가능하도록 하였다. 기존 연구가 캐릭터별 성취(achievement)관점에서의 수치적 밸런스 대한 것에 반해, 본 논문은 내러티브 구조 관점에서 퀘스트플레이 인터랙션에 대한 시각화 모델을 제안함으로써 기획자의 퀘스트 경험설계를 사전 예측해 볼 수 있다.
ChemInform Abstract: Interaction of 1,2‐Bishydroxylamines with 1,2‐Dicarbonyl Compounds. Preparation and Properties of 2,3‐Dihydropyrazine‐1,4‐dioxides. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Photocatalytic Activity of Ag/SnO_2 Prepared by Photodeposition Method (2013)

Ag/SnO2 photocatalysts with different molar ratio of Ag/Sn(0,0.25%,0.50%,0.75%,1.00%,1.25% and 1.50%) were prepared by photodeposition method.The photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),UV/V is diffuse reflectance(DRS),and the photo-induced charge separation efficiency was tested using benzoquinone(BQ) as scavenger.The results show that Ag/SnO2 absorbs much more light than SnO2 in the visible light region,the 1% Ag sample possesses the best photocatalytic activity among all of the prepared photocatalysts,and higher photo-induced charge separation efficiency is beneficial to the photocatalytic activity of SnO.
OS “SANTOS DA CRISE” E OS SISTEMAS DE EXPIAÇÃO COLETIVA DA INSEGURANÇA SOCIAL (2008)

O texto analisa os modelos de criacao e recriacao dos codigos imageticos
religiosos pelos quais sujeitos devotos populares expressam percepcoes contemporâneas
dos sentimentos vividos nas experiencias de privacoes sociais. A abordagem recai na
difusao dos chamados “santos da crise”, sua diversidade de figuracoes, exteriorizadas
desde mediacoes diversas que configuram as redes devocionais a esses santos,
manipuladas na esfera publica. As propriedades reconhecidas em tais santos sao
intercambiaveis com as de outros, gerando uma “fabricacao da santidade” marcada pela
“porosidade” com as experiencias de privacoes sociais, que pode ser percebida nas
figuracoes desses santos, em diversas situacoes sociais, reais ou virtuais. Busca-se, com
essa analise, evidenciar a necessidade de relacionar as investigacoes sobre essas novas
devocoes com as estrategias contemporâneas de reproducao da vida popular, na forma
de sistemas de expiacao idealizados em uma condicao comum sobre a qual o sentimento
de inseguranca se projeta, nas condicoes de degradacao, para constituir novos suportes
de realizacao pessoal e coletiva.
Self-Learning Based Image Decomposition With Applications to Single Image Denoising (2013)

Decomposition of an image into multiple semantic components has been an effective research topic for various image processing applications such as image denoising, enhancement, and inpainting. In this paper, we present a novel self-learning based image decomposition framework. Based on the recent success of sparse representation, the proposed framework first learns an over-complete dictionary from the high spatial frequency parts of the input image for reconstruction purposes. We perform unsupervised clustering on the observed dictionary atoms (and their corresponding reconstructed image versions) via affinity propagation, which allows us to identify image-dependent components with similar context information. While applying the proposed method for the applications of image denoising, we are able to automatically determine the undesirable patterns (e.g., rain streaks or Gaussian noise) from the derived image components directly from the input image, so that the task of single-image denoising can be addressed. Different from prior image processing works with sparse representation, our method does not need to collect training image data in advance, nor do we assume image priors such as the relationship between input and output image dictionaries. We conduct experiments on two denoising problems: single-image denoising with Gaussian noise and rain removal. Our empirical results confirm the effectiveness and robustness of our approach, which is shown to outperform state-of-the-art image denoising algorithms.
Circulating cell-free microRNAs as clinical cancer biomarkers (2017)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding small RNAs that are master regulators of genic expression and consequently of many cellular processes. But their expression is often deregulated in human tumors leading to cancer development. Recently miRNAs were discovered in body fluids (serum, plasma and others) and their levels have often been reported to be altered in patients. Circulating miRNAs became one of the most promising biomarkers in oncology for early diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic response prediction. Here we describe the origins and roles of miRNAs, and summarize the most recent studies focusing on their usefulness as cancer biomarkers in lung, breast, colon, prostate, ovary cancers and melanoma. Lastly, we describe the main methodologies related to miRNA detection, which should be standardized for their use in clinical practice.
Determination of hexavalent chromium by species specific isotope dilution mass spectrometry and ion chromatography–1,5-diphenylcarbazide spectrophotometry (2003)

The accuracy of the determination of hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) in solid matrices remains a challenging field of effort and improvement. An alkaline digestion (0.5 M NaOH–0.28 M Na2CO3) followed by ion chromatography and spectrophotometric determination by post-column derivatisation with 1,5-diphenylcarbazide (DPC) provides accurate and reproducible results. To gain a better insight into the species interconversion during the digestion, the concept of species specific isotope dilution mass spectrometry by adding enriched chromium isotopes that have been chemically converted into trivalent (Cr3+) and hexavalent chromium was used. For the analysis of the digestion solutions ion chromatography coupled to inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (IC-ICP-MS) was peformed. The limit of detection in the digestion solution by the latest technique amounted 0.8 ng ml−1 Cr6+. The accuracy of an alkaline digestion on solid waste materials was compared with a water extraction (leaching test industrial waste), indicating that the alkaline digestion is accurate from the point of view of minimal species interconversion on one hand and the maximum amount of Cr6+ extracted on the other, while significant oxidation and reduction reactions were observed during leaching tests with water. In the framework of European Directive 94/62/EC on Packaging and Packaging Waste, the developed analytical method has been used to compare the concentrations of Cr6+ on 40 packaging materials against the regulatory limit value of 100 mg kg−1 by weight (sum of concentration levels of lead, cadmium, mercury and hexavalent chromium).
Space Suit Portable Life Support System Test Bed (PLSS 1.0) Development and Testing (2012)

A multi-year effort has been carried out at NASA-JSC to develop an advanced extra-vehicular activity Portable Life Support System (PLSS) design intended to further the current state of the art by increasing operational flexibility, reducing consumables, and increasing robustness. Previous efforts have focused on modeling and analyzing the advanced PLSS architecture, as well as developing key enabling technologies. Like the current International Space Station Extra-vehicular Mobility Unit PLSS, the advanced PLSS comprises three subsystems required to sustain the crew during extra-vehicular activity including the Thermal, Ventilation, and Oxygen Subsystems. This multi-year effort has culminated in the construction and operation of PLSS 1.0, a test bed that simulates full functionality of the advanced PLSS design. PLSS 1.0 integrates commercial off the shelf hardware with prototype technology development components, including the primary and secondary oxygen regulators, Ventilation Subsystem fan, Rapid Cycle Amine swingbed carbon dioxide and water vapor removal device, and Spacesuit Water Membrane Evaporator heat rejection device. The overall PLSS 1.0 test objective was to demonstrate the capability of the Advanced PLSS to provide key life support functions including suit pressure regulation, carbon dioxide and water vapor removal, thermal control and contingency purge operations. Supplying oxygen was not one of the specific life support functions because the PLSS 1.0 test was not oxygen rated. Nitrogen was used for the working gas. Additional test objectives were to confirm PLSS technology development components performance within an integrated test bed, identify unexpected system level interactions, and map the PLSS 1.0 performance with respect to key variables such as crewmember metabolic rate and suit pressure. Successful PLSS 1.0 testing completed 168 test points over 44 days of testing and produced a large database of test results that characterize system level and component performance. With the exception of several minor anomalies, the PLSS 1.0 test rig performed as expected; furthermore, many system responses trended in accordance with pre-test predictions.
Blunt Polytrauma: Evaluation with 64-Section Whole-Body CT Angiography (2012)

Blunt polytrauma remains a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. With the major advances in computed tomography (CT) technology over the past decade, whole-body CT is increasingly recognized as the emerging standard for providing rapid and accurate diagnoses within the narrow therapeutic window afforded to trauma victims with multiple severe injuries. With a single continuous acquisition, whole-body CT angiography is able to demonstrate all potentially injured organs, as well as vascular and bone structures, from the circle of Willis to the symphysis pubis. As its use becomes more widespread, the large volume of information inherent to whole-body CT poses new challenges to radiologists in providing efficient and timely interpretation. An awareness of trauma scoring systems and injury mechanisms is essential to maintain an appropriate level of suspicion in the search for multiple injuries, and the use of multiplanar reformation and three-dimensional postprocessing techniques is important to maximize efficiency in the search. Knowledge of the key injuries that require urgent surgical or percutaneous intervention, including major vascular injuries and active hemorrhage, diaphragmatic rupture, unstable spinal fractures, pancreatic injuries with ductal involvement, and injuries to the mesentery and hollow viscera, is also necessary.
Choice and change are the answers to exam problems (1995)

I do not agree with those who have advocated a further reduction in the core syllabus for A-level physics in the UK. What about those students who are not stretched at all by the present core syllabus? Further reduction of the core will lead to a greater decline in standards.
Laboratory Study of Alkyl Ether Sulfonates for Improved Oil Recovery in High-Salinity Carbonate Reservoirs: A Case Study (2010)

Yibal oil reservoir, a fractured carbonate formation located in the north of Oman and characterized by high salinity brine and high temperatures, is a potential candidate for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) projects. This experimental study focused on the possibility to use surfactant injection as an EOR process in the Yiabl field. On the basis of the results from our previous investigations, ethoxylated sulfonates and amphoteric surfactants were used in this study. Selected surfactants showed a great tolerance to high salinity and temperatures. All surfactant systems displayed dynamic interfacial tension (IFT) behavior, in which transient ultra-low IFTs were detected. Dilute surfactant solutions (0.1 wt %) were considered for core-flooding tests on limestone plugs. In one set of experiments, surfactant solutions were injected into a fully water-flooded core (surfactant tertiary recovery). In another set, surfactant solutions were injected without pre-water-flooding (surfactant-modified water-flooding or surfactant secondary recovery). Results of tertiary recovery were found to be between 1 and 7% of original oil in place (OOIP), which correspond to 6 and 24% of residual oil in place (percentage based on the remaining oil in place after water-flooding). Tertiary surfactant injection therefore appears to be an attractive option for pre-water-flooded zones for additional oil recovery. In the other hand, results of secondary recovery for some surfactants showed significant oil recovery compared to water-flooding, whereas for other surfactants, water-flooding was more effective. Secondary surfactant recovery resulted in faster rate recovery as compared to water-flooding. Thus, minimum pore volume (PV) injected at ultimate oil recovery for 7-58 surfactant was found to be significantly lower (2.3 PV) than the corresponding PV in water-flooding (9.1 PV).
Hydrodynamic Analysis and Irrigation Device Design for the Coaxial and Bimanual Phacoemulsification Techniques in Cataract Surgery (2013)

Hydrodynamic Analysis and Irrigation Device Design for the Coaxial and Bimanual Phacoemulsification Techniques in Cataract Surgery