gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The effects of the new antipsychotic, sertindole, on latent inhibition in rats (1994)

Latent inhibition (LI) is a measure of retarded conditioning to a previously presented non-reinforced stimulus, that is impaired in schizophrenic patients and in rats treated with amphetamine. Neuroleptic drugs are known to produce two effects in this paradigm: to antagonize amphetamine-induced disruption of LI, and to facilitate the development of LI when administered on their own. The present experiments tested the effects on LI of the new neuroleptic, sertindole. The experiments used a conditioned emotional response procedure in rats licking for water, consisting of three stages: pre-exposure, in which the to-be-conditioned stimulus (a tone) was repeatedly presented without being followed by reinforcement; conditioning, in which the pre-exposed stimulus was paired with reinforcement (a foot shock); and test, in which LI was indexed by degree of suppression of licking during tone presentation. In Experiment 1 the effects of 0.31, 1.3 and 5.0mg/kg sertindole were assessed following pre-exposure to 40 non-reinforced tones. Experiment 2 tested the effects of 5mg/kg on LI following pre-exposure to 10 non-reinforced tones. Experiment 3 investigated antagonism of amphetamine-induced disruption of LI by 5.0mg/kg sertindole. The results demonstrated that sertindole (5.0mg/kg) possesses a neuroleptic-like profile in the LI model: it facilitates the development of LI and antagonizes amphetamine-induced disruption of LI.
POSSIBLE RECOVERY INDEX (dF/dt) OF A NATURAL HEART WITH A CENTRIFUGAL ASSIST PUMP (2002)

Background: Recently, left ventricular assist device (LVAD) is used as an aid in the recovery of cardiac function by allowing the failed heart to rest. However, it is difficult to judge at what point the implanted LVAD should he removed. The aim of this paper is to predict the native heart function from the rotary blood pump outflow waveform available from an implanted flow probe. Materials and methods: The mock circuit loop consisted of an aortic chamber, left atrial chamber, pneumatic pulsatile pump simulating the native heart, and a centrifugal pump (Baylor Gyro PI 710 pump) as an LVAD. The differentiated value from the LVAD flow waveform (dF/dt) was analyzed with First Fourier Transform (FFT) and the frequency component was derived by the FFT method. The correlation was examined between the dF/dt of the pulsatile pump and dF/dt, which corresponded to the HR frequency. Results and Conclusion: There was a positive correlation between the dF/dt of the pulsatile pump and dF/dt. Which indicates that the dF/dt values indirectly expressed the contractility of the pulsatile pump. This result shows the possibility that dF/dt can be used as the index of the functional condition of the natural heart, and this parameter can be a predictor to estimate cardiac function. Therefore, dF/dt may be valuable as a recovery index of the natural heart.
Obliquely Crossed, Differential Thermal Lens Measurements under Conditions of High Background Absorbance (1989)

A differential thermal lens spectrometer based on the oblique crossing of separate pump and probe beams is described. This arrangement utilizes the differential response of the thermal lens to compensate for the intensity noise in the pump source while maintaining the intrinsic sensitivity of photothermal measurements. Thus, this design is ideally suited for absorbance measurements in the presence of a large background, such as might be encountered in circular dichroism or indirect photometry. The theory describing the thermal lens signal observed with this configuration will be developed and experimentally verified. The experimental conditions mandating differential TL measurements will also be investigated. Absorbance changes of 2 × 10 −7 are demonstrated. Application of this arrangement to indirect HPLC detection is also discussed.
Sphingosine‐1‐phosphate antibodies as potential agents in the treatment of cancer and age‐related macular degeneration (2010)

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a pleiotropic bioactive lipid thought to be dysregulated in a variety of disease conditions. In this review, we discuss the roles of S1P in cancer and in wet age-related macular degeneration. We also explore potential treatment strategies for these disorders, including the utility of anti-S1P antibodies acting as molecular sponges to neutralize dysregulated S1P in relevant tissues.
Endothelial Glycocalyx Shedding Predicts Donor Organ Acceptability and Is Associated With Primary Graft Dysfunction in Lung Transplant Recipients (2018)

Endothelial glycocalyx breakdown occurs in lung transplant donors and recipients and predicts organ acceptability and development of PGD. Glycocalyx breakdown products may be useful biomarkers in transplantation, and interventions to protect the glycocalyx could improve transplant outcomes.
Tryptic peptide analysis on nonstructural and structural precursor proteins from Semliki Forest virus mutant-infected cells (1975)

Analysis of [35S]methionine-labeled tryptic peptides of the large proteins induced by temperature-sensitive mutants of Semliki Forest virus was carried out. The 130,000-molecular-weight protein induced by ts-2 and ts-3 mutants contained the peptides of capsid protein and of both major envelope proteins E1 and E2. The ts-3-induced protein with molecular weight of 97,000 contained peptides of the capsid and envelope protein E2 but not those of E1. Two proteins with molecular weights of 78,000 and 86,000 from ts-1-infected cells did not contain the peptides of the virion structural proteins. They are evidently expressions of the nonstructural part of the 42S RNA genome of Semliki Forest virus.
Modelling and Simulation of Traffic Signal Control for Urban Network (2009)

Urban network traffic is a complex, nonlinear, unstable system and is significantly affected by immeasurable factors. This paper presents an optimal model to the application of signal coordination for urban network based on real-time traffic volumes. It divides a large signalized network into several subgroups. The number of subgroups, phase-time and offsets can be optimized to achieve an optimal performance index. A case study was presented to demonstrate the validity of this proposed model.
Synthesis of Organolithium Compounds of Some Group IV and V Elements (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of Organolithium Compounds of Some Group IV and V ElementsCHRIST TAMBORSKI, FREDERIC E. FORD, WILLIAM L. LEHN, GEORGE J. MOORE, and EDWARD J. SOLOSKICite this: J. Org. Chem. 1962, 27, 2, 619–621Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01049a067https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01049a067research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views351Altmetric-Citations76LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cancer mortality‐to‐incidence ratios in Georgia (2012)

More fatal cancers, particularly prostate, cervical, and oral cancer in men were detected among blacks, especially in central Georgia, where health behavior and social/economic factors were worse. MIRs are an efficient indicator of survival and provide insight into racial cancer disparities. Additional examination of geographic determinants of cancer fatality in Georgia as indicated by MIRs is warranted.
Sharing training patterns in neural network ensembles (2005)

The need for the design of complex and incremental training algorithms in multiple neural network systems has motivated us to study combining methods from the cooperation perspective. One way of achieving effective cooperation is through sharing resources such as information and components. The degree and method by which multiple classifier systems share training resources can be a measure of cooperation. Despite the growing number of interests in data modification techniques, such as bagging and k-fold cross-validation, there is no guidance for whether sharing or not sharing training patterns results in higher accuracy and under what conditions. We implemented several partitioning techniques and examined the effect of sharing training patterns by varying the size of overlap between 0-100% of the size of training subsets. Under most conditions studied, multinet systems showed improvement over the presence of larger overlap subsets.
ChemInform Abstract: ELECTROGENERATED CHEMILUMINESCENCE. 40. A CHEMILUMINESCENT POLYMER BASED ON THE TRIS(4‐VINYL‐4′‐METHYL‐2,2′‐BIPYRIDYL)RUTHENIUM(II) SYSTEM (1982)

Abstract Durch elektrochemische Reduktion des Titel‐Ru‐Komplexes an einer Pt‐Elektrode wird eine ger merschicht auf der Elektrodenoberfläche erzeugt, die Rum‐Zentren enthält, die entlang der Kohlenwasserstoffketten (aus den Vinylgruppen stammend) verteilt sind, Die Reaktion zwischen oxidierten und reduzierten Zentren bewirkt eine Elektronen‐ übertragungs‐("hemiluniineszenz.
A flexible architecture for future wireless local area networks (1998)

This paper reports on the activities at IMEC that will lead to a 100Mb/s indoor communication system based on multi-carrier modulation. The goal is to build a wireless local area network, which can compete with today&apos;s wired solutions in terms of cost and performance. It is shown how a dedicated ASIC architecture implements an OFDM modem with 256 carriers that allows transmission of complex symbols (QPSK, 16 QAM) at 50Mbaud/s. It is also demonstrated how adaptive turbo-decoding allows operation close to the Shannon limit and how it can be used to provide quality of service. Adaptive loading of the carriers provides a further capacity enhancement. A gain of 6.5dB in the required signal to noise ratio can be observed compared to standard non-adaptive schemes. Finally, an SDMA scheme with full channel characterization is proposed in order to increase the channel capacity even further. It turns out that even with short training sequences a substantial capacity improvement can be observed.
Ciprofloxacin versus vancomycin in the therapy of experimental methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis (1987)

We compared the efficacy of ciprofloxacin with that of vancomycin by using the rabbit model of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis. Endocarditis was treated with ciprofloxacin (25 mg/kg [body weight] intravenously every 8 h) or vancomycin (17.5 mg/kg intravenously every 6 h) for 3 days. Vancomycin and ciprofloxacin were equally efficacious in clearing bacteremia. Both reduced vegetation bacterial counts by 5 log10 CFU/g and renal and splenic bacterial counts by more than 3 log10 CFU/g as compared with untreated control rabbits after 26 h of infection (P less than 0.001). Both antimicrobial agents were able to eradicate the infectious process in an equivalent proportion of animals. No methicillin-resistant S. aureus that was recovered from ciprofloxacin-treated rabbits developed resistance to ciprofloxacin during therapy. Peak concentrations of ciprofloxacin in the sera of rabbits with endocarditis were significantly higher than those predicted by single-dose studies in uninfected rabbits. This finding was likely due to changes in the pharmacokinetics of the drug with multiple dosing and in infected versus uninfected rabbits. This study demonstrated that intravenously administered ciprofloxacin is as efficacious as vancomycin is in an in vivo model of a serious systemic methicillin-resistant S. aureus infection.
ChemInform Abstract: Hexaarsabenzene as a Complexing Ligand. (1989)

Abstract The triple‐decker sandwich complexes (II) containing the metal‐stabilized η6‐hexaarsabenzene ligand are obtained by the photochemical or thermal reactions shown in the scheme.
CELL-BASED TISSUE ENGINEERING APPROACHES TO REPAIRING ARTICULAR CARTILAGE: OPTIMISED SCAFFOLDS FOR OPTIMISED TISSUES (2006)

Tissue engineering techniques, combining autologous chondrocytes with biodegradable biomaterials, may offer significant advantages over current articular cartilage repair strategies. We present a series of experiments investigating the effect of 3D scaffold architecture and biomaterial composition on cartilage tissue formation in vitro and in vivo . Porous polymer (PEGT/PBT) scaffolds with low (300/55/45) or high (1000/70/30) PEG molecular weight (MW) compositions were produced using novel solid free-form fabrication (3DF) techniques, allowing precise control over pore architecture, and conventional compression moulding (CM) foam techniques. Scaffolds were seeded with expanded human nasal chondrocytes, and cultured in vitro or implanted subcutaneously in vivo in nude mice for 4 weeks and cartilage tissue formation accessed. 3DF scaffolds contained highly accessible networks of large interconnecting pores (O525 μm) compared to CM scaffolds, containing complex networks of small interconnecting pores (O182 μm). 3DF scaffold architectures enhanced cell re-differentiation (GAG/DNA) and cartilaginous matrix accumulation compared to CM scaffolds, but only if 1000/70/30 compositions were used. Collagen type-II mRNA was significantly increased in 3DF architectures irrespective of scaffold composition. These effects were likely mediated by preferential protein adsorption to 1000/70/30 materials, promoting a spherical chondrocyte-like morphology, as well as efficient nutrient/waste exchange throughout interconnecting pores within 3DF architectures. We observed synergistic effects of both composition and 3D scaffold architecture on human chondrocyte re-differentiation capacity, however, our data suggests that scaffold composition has a more significant influence than architecture alone. Such design criteria could be included in future scaffold architectures for repairing articular cartilage defects.
‘Monster cell’ melanoma with pulmonary metastasis and cyclin <scp>D1</scp> amplification (2012)

Markedly pleomorphic epithelioid cells with high mitotic activity, giant cell formation, very large atypical nuclei, multiple nucleoli and abundant cytoplasm characterize 'monster' cells and may indicate aggressive tumor behavior. Very rare reports of melanomas comprised of 'monster cells' or cells with comparable histomorphological features, found in tissue samples from skin, lymph nodes, CNS, oral cavity and ileum have been published in the literature. This case is the first such description in the lung, and it is characterized with a battery of immunohistochemical stains; BRAF mutation status was negative, and fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis revealed increased copy number gains in 11q (cyclin D1), which is associated with poor prognosis in melanoma. The presence of monster cells in melanoma was associated with aggressive behavior in the reported patient.
Kinetics of the photochemical reaction of C<sub>2</sub>F<sub>5</sub>I and C<sub>4</sub>F<sub>9</sub>I with C<sub>2</sub>F<sub>4</sub> (1997)

Abstract Although the formal insertion of C 2 F 4 into the CI bond of iodides is a chain reaction, we found quantum yields clearly below 1. We show that this is due to an inhibition reaction: the very rapid reaction of the radicals with molecular iodine, which accumulates during the reaction in amounts equal to the radical dimers. The corresponding kinetic model quantitatively describes the quantum yields and product distributions, if we assume for the rate constants k n for the addition of the F(C 2 F 4 ) n radicals to C 2 F 4 (in 10 7 cm 3 mol −1 s −1 at 373 and 303 K, respectively): k 1 = 19 and 3.6. k 2 = 8.0 and 1.9, k 3 = 1.6 (303 K).
Determination of Barnidipine in Human Serum and Dog Plasma by HPLC with Electrochemical Detection. (1995)

Barnidipine is a 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium antagonist. HPLC was conducted on a polybutadiene coated alumina column using an alkaline mobile phase and an electrochemical detector to determine the content of this drug in serum and plasma. A good linear relationship between barnidipine concentration and peak height was found in 5-500 ng/ml with a correlation coefficient of 0.998. The detection limit was 1 ng/ml. The within-day and day-to-day variations were examined for control human serum. Relative standard deviation of within-day assay for serum spiked with 10 ng/ml barnidipine.HCl was 6.9% and the recovery was 104%. A pharmacokinetic study was made in which the time course of barnidipine in dog plasma was followed.
Impact of Conjugate Pneumococcal Vaccine on Antibiotic Resistance (2014)

The fact that vaccinating infants and young children reduced drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (DRSP) disease and the carriage of pediatric DRSP serotypes in adults serves as the most compelling and definitive proof that children are responsible in a large part for the transmission of DRSP in the community. In a study to find out the efficacy of the conjugate pneumococcal vaccine against pneumococcal invasive disease caused by DRSP, 19,922 infants received pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) 9 and 19,914 received a placebo. Another study conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), used laboratory-based active surveillance in multiple representative areas in the United States (the Active Bacterial Core Surveillance) to measure invasive diseases caused by DRSP from 1996 through 2004. The study by Byington and coworkers suggests that invasive pneumococcal infections with nonvaccine serotypes that are nonsusceptible to penicillin are increasing. The changes in proportions of pathogens isolated in cases of severe and refractory AOM before (1992 to 1998) and after (2000 to 2003) the introduction of universal vaccination in rural Kentucky were documented. The proportion of S. pneumoniae isolates decreased from 160 of 336 (48%) to 26 of 83 (31%) and the proportion of H. influenzae isolates increased from 137 of 336 (41%) to 46 of 83 (56%). Since antibiotic use selects for and promotes antibiotic resistance among S. pneumoniae strains, an important question is whether the use of PCVs can reduce antibiotic use.
Glycoconjugates isolated from Trypanosoma cruzi but not from Leishmania species membranes trigger nitric oxide synthesis as well as microbicidal activity in IFN-gamma-primed macrophages (1997)

In the present study, we investigated the role of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored mucin-like glycoproteins (GPI-mucins) from Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigotes in triggering the synthesis of nitric oxide as well as the microbicidal activity in murine macrophages. Our results show that GPI-mucins isolated from trypomastigote membranes are potent inducers of nitric oxide synthesis by IFN-gamma-primed macrophages, even at concentrations as low as 10 ng/ml. Our data also indicate the important role of glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchors from GPI-mucins as the second signal responsible for induction of nitric oxide synthesis by macrophages. To further investigate the role of these parasite molecules in inducing parasiticidal function, we cultured macrophages in the presence or absence of trypomastigote GPI-mucins and/or IFN-gamma and then infected these cells with either Leishmania spp. or T. cruzi. IFN-gamma was sufficient to induce microbial activity in macrophages infected with T. cruzi trypomastigotes. In contrast, killing of different species of Leishmania was further enhanced when macrophages exposed to IFN-gamma were also costimulated with trypomastigote-derived GPI-mucins. Our results also indicate that different glycolipids obtained from Leishmania major or Leishmania donovani (i.e., lipophosphoglycans or glycoinositolphospholipids) were unable to potentiate nitric oxide synthesis and/or microbicidal activity displayed by IFN-gamma-primed macrophages.
EFFECTS OF FITNESS AND DIFFERENT IN-FLIGHT EXERCISE MODALITIES ON POSTFLIGHT ORTHOSTATIC HEART RATES 145 (1996)

We previously reported that continuous treadmill exercise during space flight did not exacerbate the increased orthostatic heart rates (HR) after flight while interval exercise showed promise in maintaining orthostatic responses. We examined the HR responses to standing (SHR) and the changes in HR from supine to standing (ΔHR) before and after flights of 7 to 16 days in 35 astronauts. Astronauts did not exercise (No-Ex; n=10) or did interval exercise on a treadmill, cycle or rower. ANOVA of before vs. after flight ˙VO2peak indicated exercising subjects could be pooled into 2 groups: rowing-treadmill (RTE, n=9) and cycle (CE, n=16) exercise. Subjects rested supine for 5 minutes followed by 5 minutes of standing, while we recorded heart rates each minute. Supine HR and SHR were the mean of the last 3 minutes. SHR increased (p<0.003) after flight in the No-Ex (67±10 to 89±20 bpm) and CE (71±11 to 94±14 bpm) subjects, while the RTE (74±14 to 81±15 bpm) subjects' change was not significant. ΔHR increased (p<0.02) after flight in the No-Ex(15±9 to 29±16 bpm) and CE (14±12 to 26±18 bpm) subjects, while the RTE (20±7 to 26±7 bpm) subjects' change was not significant. There were no before flight differences among the groups for SHR and ΔHR. Correlations of SHR and ΔHR versus before flight˙VO2peak, Δ˙VO2peak, and%Δ˙VO2peak were not significant for subjects that did(n=26, r=-0.04 to 0.09) or did not (n=9, r = -0.12 to 0.39) show orthostatic HR changes after flight. No-Ex and CE subjects with high fitness(˙VO2peak>50 ml·kg·-1min-1) had similar after flight increases (p<0.02) in ΔHR (n=12; 10±11 to 25±21 bpm) as lower fit subjects (n=14; 18±9 to 28±13 bpm). We concluded that (1) interval exercise on a rower or treadmill but not on a cycle minimized the orthostatic HR responses after flight, (2) there was no relationship between the before flight level of aerobic capacity or its change with space flight and the orthostatic HR responses after flight, and(3) high fit and lower fit subjects have similar orthostatic HR responses after flight.
Children's understanding and solution of a word problem inside and outside the mathematics class (2011)

status: Published
Studies on a Computer-Programmed Formant Vocoder (1964)

A computer-programmed formant vocoder is being used as a “breadboard” for testing possible vocoder features. Recent studies include an informal evaluation of a controllable pole-zero pair for approximation of the glottal-source spectrum and nasalization in a serial resonance synthesizer. Currently, forms of nonlinear smoothing of formant signals are being tried. These studies are discussed and demonstration tapes are played.