gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clinical grade SNaPshot genetic mutation profiling in multiple myeloma. (2014)

e19571 Background: Whole genome sequencing studies have identified several oncogenic mutations in multiple myeloma (MM). In particular, mutations in BRAF, a potential druggable target, have been identified in 4% of patients. The nature of MM is that it is a chronic, relapsing illness. As MM evolves, there is a role for rapid determination of whether targetable mutations are present to optimize individualized treatment of disease. Methods: Massachusetts General Hospital has developed a CLIA (Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments) high-throughput, genotyping platform to determine the mutation status of a large panel of known cancer genes. The mutation detection protocol, termed SNaPshot, uses a highly sensitive multiplexed PCR-based assay to simultaneously identify 70 genetic loci frequently mutated in 15 cancer genes. This assay has been used at our institution for over 4 years for tumor genotyping and to help guide therapeutic decisions for patients with various malignancies. We performed SNaPshot analysis on 67 bone marrow samples from MM patients after isolating genomic DNA from these samples and performing quality assurance tests. Results: Thirty-nine % (26/67) of tumor samples from unique patients harbored candidate mutations. 3/26 were bone marrow (BM) samples from newly diagnosed patients and 23/26 were BM (23/26) and plasmacytoma (3/26) samples from relapsed MM. All samples with mutations had single mutations. Somatic oncogene mutations were found in KRAS (15), NRAS (6), BRAF (2), p53 (2), and HRAS (1). 24/26 patients with mutations versus 26/41 wild type had heavy chain disease (p=.009). Median survival in patients with mutations was 6.6 v 8.7 years in wild type (p=.26). Conclusions: Sequence analysis using SNaPshot on DNA extracted from bone marrow and extramedullary plasmacytomas is feasible and leads to the detection of potentially druggable mutations. Screening MM patients for somatic mutations in oncogenes may provide potential novel targets leading to additional therapies for this patient population.
A short peptide eluted from the H-2Kb molecule of a polyomavirus-positive tumor corresponds to polyomavirus large T antigen peptide at amino acids 578 to 585 and induces polyomavirus-specific immunity (1996)

A short peptide in complex with the H-2Kb molecule on PyRMA, a polyomavirus transfectant of the mouse lymphoma cell line RMA, was identified as a polyomavirus tumor-specific transplantation antigen. The peptide was obtained by affinity chromatography, acidic extraction, and reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). In one HPLC fraction, a peptide sequence in which 5 of 8 amino acids, GKxGLxxA, corresponded to residues 578 to 585 of polyomavirus large T antigen was identified. In tumor rejection assays, we therefore tested three related synthetic peptides, corresponding to the octapeptide LT 578-585, GKTGLAAA; the nonapeptide LT 578-586, GKTGLAAAL; and the decapeptide LT 578-587, GKTGLAAALI. The octapeptide was found to give the most effective immunization against the outgrowth of the polyomavirus DNA-positive PyRMA tumor. However, none of the three peptides immunized against the original polyoma-virus-negative RMA line.
Photopyroelectric Measurements of Thermal Diffusivity of Liquid Mixtures at Low Concentrations (2005)

*† An ultra-high resolution photothermal pyroelectric technique for the measurement of thermal diffusivity of liquid mixtures has been developed. Two different methodologies were applied and compared. The thermal diffusivity of water-methanol and water-ethanol mixtures was measured using conventional single-pulse frequency scans with the resolution 0.5% v/v on concentration. A novel two-pulse-wave common-mode rejection configuration scheme increases the resolution of the measurements up to 0.2% v/v, the highest resolution reported to date using thermophysical techniques.
Nebulized Budesonide and Oral Dexamethasone for Treatment of Croup: A Randomized Controlled Trial (1999)

KLASSEN, TERRY P.; CRAIG, WILLIAM R.; MOHER, DAVID; OSMOND, MARTIN H.; PASTERKAMP, HANS; SUTCLIFFE, TERRY; WATTERS, LISE K.; ROWE, PETER C. Author Information
Elastic wave scattering from ellipsoidal cavities (1976)

Experimental results have been compared with theory for ellipsoidal and spherical cavities embedded in titanium alloy by the diffusion bonding process. The measurements comprised the cases of incident longitudinal and shear waves, including mode conversion. Whenever possible, comparisons were performed with the results of exact theory and those of the Born approximation. The Born approximation was found useful in the back scattering directions for low ka values (k is the wave vector of the sound wave and a is the radius of the scatterer). In the experiments, a reciprocity relation was discovered: The same angular dependence is obtained in mode conversion when the mode of the incident and scattered wave is interchanged. This result has now been corroborated by both the exact theory and the Born approximation. [This work was partially supported by ARPA-AFML Contract No. F33615-74-C-5180.]
S-Alkylation and S-Amination of Methyl Thioethers − Derivatives of<i>closo</i>-[B<sub>12</sub>H<sub>12</sub>]<sup>2-</sup>. Synthesis of a Boronated Phosphonate,<i>gem</i>-Bisphosphonates, and Dodecaborane-<i>ortho</i>-carborane Oligomers (2002)

A variety of S-alkylated products was prepared by alkylation of methyl thioethers [MeSB(12)H(11)](2-) (5), [1-(MeS)-2(7,12)-(Me(2)S)B(12)H(10)](-) (6-8), and [1,2(7,12)-(MeS)(2)B(12)H(10)](2-) (9-11) with alkyl halides and tosylates in acetonitrile. Since these methyl thioethers can be prepared easily in B-10-enriched form on a large scale and due to their chemical versatility, they are potentially very attractive boron entities for the design and synthesis of therapeutics for boron neutron capture therapy of cancer. It was found that alkylation of 6-8 can be complicated by an equilibrium which establishes between, on the one hand, one of the former species and, on the other hand, 1,2(7,12)-(Me(2)S)(2)B(12)H(10) (2-4) and [1,2(7,12)-(MeS)(2)B(12)H(10)](2-) (9-11). A boronated phosphonate 1-(MeS(CH(2))(4)P(O)(OEt)(2))-7-(Me(2)S)B(12)H(10) (14g) and a gem-bisphosphonate 1-(MeS(CH(2))(3)CH[P(O)(OEt)(2)](2))-7-(Me(2)S)B(12)H(10) (14h) were prepared from thioether 7 and the corresponding iodide and tosylate, respectively, and subsequently converted to their sodium salts. The propargyl sulfonium salts obtained by alkylation of thioethers 7, 8, 10, and 11 with propargyl bromide have been further converted to two- and three-cage oligomers containing both ortho-carborane and dodecaborane moieties. Methyl thioethers derived from closo-[B(12)H(12)](2-) are excellent participants in Michael addition reactions in the presence of a strong acid. The sulfonium salts with tertiary alkyl and vinyl substituents have been prepared by this method. Methyl thioethers 5-11 react with hydroxylamine-O-sulfonate yielding the corresponding aminosulfonium salts, albeit in lower yields as compared to those in the alkylation reactions. Several derivatives of methyl thioethers 5-11 have been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
Computerized Report of the Vestibular Function Test (VFT). (1984)

The characteristics of the clinical vestibular function test are such that data acquistion, analysis and report generation are readily managed by computerized techniques. A clinical electronystagmographic recorder is interfaced to a computer with software utilities that provide for concurrent data acquisition and interactive data analysis with editing features. An automated hard copy report is produced.
Bainitic stabilization of austenite in low alloy steels (1992)

Stabilization of retained austenite via bainitic transformation was studied in a triple-phase, ferrite/bainite/austenite steel 0.26C1.52Si-1.2Mn. Volume fraction and stability of retained austenite are varied by isothermal transformation time at 752F following intercritical annealing at 1418F. Austenite stability is measured using the Bolling-Richman technique. Austenite content is measured by and austenite carbon content is estimated from lattice parameters. Strength and ductility measured in both uniaxial and plane-strain tension are correlated with austenite amount and stability. While austenite content peaks at 3 minutes transformation time, stability continues to increase out to 5 minutes associated with a saturation of austenite carbon content and continued refinement of austenite particle size. Despite the reduced austenite content of 8 percent, the higher stability provided by the 5 minutes treatment gives superior mechanical properties.
Enhancement of fibronectin fibrillogenesis and bone formation by basic fibroblast growth factor via protein kinase C-dependent pathway in rat osteoblasts. (2004)

Fibronectin (Fn) is involved in early stages of bone formation and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is an important factor regulating osteogenesis. We here found that bFGF enhanced extracellular assembly from either endogenously released or exogenously applied soluble Fn in primary cultured osteoblasts. bFGF increased protein levels of Fn using Western blotting analysis. Protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors such as H7, 3-[1-[3-(amidinothio)propyl-1H-indol-3-yl]-3-(1-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)maleimide (Bisindolylmaleimide IX), methanesulfonate (Ro 318220,) or 12-(2-cyanoethyl)-6,7,12,13-tetrahydro-13-methyl-5-oxo-5H-indolo[2,3-a]pyrrolo[3,4-c] carbazole (Gö 6976) antagonized the increase of Fn protein by bFGF. Treatment of osteoblasts with bFGF increased membrane translocation of various isoforms of PKC, including alpha, beta, epsilon, and delta. However, treatment with antisense of various PKC isoforms demonstrated that alpha and beta isozymes play important roles in the enhancement action of bFGF on Fn assembly. Down-regulation of PKC by prolonged treatment with 1 microM 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13 acetate for 24 h inhibited the potentiating action of bFGF. It has been reported that alpha5beta1 integrin is related to Fn fibrillogenesis, and immunocytochemistry showed that bFGF treatment increased the clustering of alpha5 integrins. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that bFGF increased cell surface expression of alpha5 and beta1 integrins and PKC inhibitors antagonized the increase by bFGF. Local administration of bFGF into the metaphysis of the tibia via the implantation of a needle cannula significantly increased the protein levels of Fn in the area of trabecular spongiosa, which was inhibited by coadministration of PKC inhibitors. Furthermore, local injection of bFGF increased the bone volume of secondary spongiosa in tibia, which was significantly antagonized by PKC inhibitors. These results suggest that bFGF increased bone formation and Fn fibrillogenesis both in vitro and in vivo via PKC-dependent pathway.
Transport and binding in calcium uptake by microvillous membrane of human placenta (1992)

Calcium entry across the microvillous membrane of the human placental syncytiotrophoblast is the first step in the transfer of this important nutrient to the fetus. Calcium uptake by isolated microvillous membranes was time dependent. Equilibrium uptake was very much greater than could be explained by equilibration of the vesicle space with medium, indicating that calcium is bound to internal sites. Addition of the ionophore A23187 greatly increased the rates of influx and efflux, indicating that transport across the plasma membrane is rate limiting in entry. Concentration dependence data for calcium transport at 4 s fit well to a Michaelis-Menten equation having two saturable sites and diffusion. Calcium entry by both transporters was unaffected by calcium channel blockers but was strongly inhibited by the group II metals. The distinct inhibition constant values for strontium inhibition provided additional evidence for two transporters. Calcium binding fit well to a single-site model saturable in the micromolar range. In vivo, the saturable transport processes may mediate calcium entry into the syncytiotrophoblast and binding may regulate concentration within the placental microvilli.
A Backup System for Efficient Backup and Restore in SAN Cluster Environments (2005)

It has been increased to use the SAN with increasing the size of storage device. In this paper, we design and implement a backup system to support the tape and disk based backup with devices and media in SAN cluster. Our backup system provides device and media management for efficiently managing a number of devices and media in SAN cluster. It also supports script management to process an additional tasks requested by clients and monitoring to control and manage tasks in execution. In addition, it supports reporting to offer backup and restore information to clients.
Shared Antigens Between Heterologous Bacterial Species (1972)

Sera from normal rabbits were shown to have antibodies that bound radiolabeled test antigens derived from many taxonomically unrelated bacteria. Sera from rabbits that had been immunized with sonically treated material of 12 different bacteria, including M. bovis strain BCG, had antibodies that bound not only radiolabeled homologous test antigens but also radiolabeled antigens from many unrelated bacteria. Binding by normal and immunized sera to radiolabeled test antigens was inhibited by homologous unlabeled test antigens but not by substances such as bovine serum albumin, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sheep erythrocytes, and endotoxin. The broad range of shared or cross-reactivity among antigens in bacteria may explain the presence of antibodies to many bacteria in sera from normal humans and previously unimmunized experimental animals. The presence of these antibodies raises the question whether resistance to many bacterial infections may be partly due to immune mechanisms, whether cellular or humoral, that have been stimulated by unrelated bacteria.
Retinoic acid effect on cyclic AMP‐dependent protein kinases in embryonal carcinoma cells: Studies with differentiation‐defective sublines (1986)

Retinoic acid induces the differentiation of PCC4.aza 1R and Nulli-SCC1 embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells. In response to retinoic acid treatment, the levels of cyclic AMP (cAMP)-dependent protein kinases are enhanced in the plasma membrane within 17 hours and in the cytosol fractions of these cells within 2 to 3 days, as determined by phosphotransferase activity and by 8-azido-cyclic [32P]AMP binding to the RI and RII regulatory subunits. PCC4 (RA)-1 and Nulli (RA)-1 are mutant EC lines that fail to differentiate in response to retinoic acid. The former line, but not the latter, lacks cellular retinoic acid-binding protein (cRABP). Basal levels of cAMP-dependent protein kinase activities are elevated in PCC4 (RA)-1 cells. When these cells are treated with retinoic acid, neither cAMP-dependent protein kinase activities nor cAMP binding activities are enhanced; rather, there is a decrease in cytosolic kinase activity and RI subunit. On the other hand, Nulli (RA)-1 cells exhibit increases both in cAMP-dependent protein kinase activities and cAMP binding in response to retinoic acid. These results raise the possibility that cRABP mediates the enhancement of regulatory and catalytic subunits of cAMP-dependent protein kinases in both the membrane and the cytosolic fractions of the teratocarcinoma cells. There also might be some effects of retinoic acid on the cAMP-dependent protein kinase that are unrelated to differentiation and to the presence of cRABP.
Oxidative Addition of Alkyl Halides to Rhodium(I) and Iridium(I) Dicarbonyl Diiodides: Key Reactions in the Catalytic Carbonylation of Alcohols (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxidative Addition of Alkyl Halides to Rhodium(I) and Iridium(I) Dicarbonyl Diiodides: Key Reactions in the Catalytic Carbonylation of AlcoholsPaul R. Ellis, Jean M. Pearson, Anthony Haynes, Harry Adams, Neil A. Bailey, and Peter M. MaitlisCite this: Organometallics 1994, 13, 8, 3215–3226Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00020a039https://doi.org/10.1021/om00020a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1122Altmetric-Citations84LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Hosting capacity for motor starting in weak grids (2005)

In this article the effect of motor starting on the voltages and currents in weak grids is analyzed. The objective is to find the size of the largest motor that can be started from the grid in an acceptable way, called the hosting capacity for motor starting. An overview of the different types of weak grids is given. Important are the measures that can be taken to improve the grid operation and increase the hosting capacity.
<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal{H}_\infty$ </tex-math> </inline-formula>-Optimal Parallel Feedforward Control Using Minimum Gain (2018)

This letter presents static and dynamic parallel feedforward controller synthesis methods that render a linear time-invariant system minimum phase by augmenting its output. The system output is perturbed the least amount possible by minimizing the gain of the parallel feedforward controller while ensuring the augmented system is minimum phase. This is done by minimizing the maximum singular value of a static parallel feedforward controller or the weighted H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">∞</sub> norm of a dynamic parallel feedforward controller. Static and dynamic parallel feedforward controllers are synthesized using direct and indirect methods that involve bilinear matrix inequality constraints and are solved iteratively using linear matrix inequalities. The direct method enforces a minimum gain constraint directly on the augmented system, while the indirect method solves for an asymptotically stabilizing negative feedback controller that is inverted to obtain the parallel feedforward controller. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller synthesis methods.
Three-dimensional surface analysis of young adult human articular cartilage. (1995)

The objective of this investigation was to determine whether the surface of young adult human articular cartilage was smooth as defined by industrial standards for metal surfaces. Human articular cartilage with attached subchondral bone from the midregion of the trochlear surface of the talus was obtained postmortem from 7 donors (aged 29 +/- 9 y). The specimens were processed using multiple fixation techniques prior to scanning electron microscopy and 3-dimensional stereoscopic analysis. Three-dimensional stereoscopic data showed that 92.78 +/- 16.90% of the articular surface was devoid of surface irregularities and was considered to be smooth. The remaining regions comprising 7.22 +/- 17.20% of the area demonstrated bumps measuring 7.70 +/- 4.58 microns in height. When the results of this study were compared with the international standards for surface preparations used by machinists for metal surfaces, they clearly showed that even when the regions with bumps were considered, the articular cartilage surface could be characterised as smooth.
Accelerating the Build up of Experience with a View to the Imminent Big Crew Change (2008)

Abstract This paper describes a number of features of the E&P sector that impact on the staff qualities and attitudes required to optimally run E&P projects. The first is that the E&P sector, when compared to other sectors in the industry, has to face relatively high levels of uncertainty in its project outcomes. This is due mainly to data sparsity, technological depth, multidisciplinary breadth and business process complexity. Second, in order to survive in the international arena, E&P companies in essence compete on their ability to attract, develop and retain scarce human talent. Managing the above uncertainties puts exceptional demands on employee skills and internal business processes. It is argued that the gap between the required and available skills pool is widening and that, consequently, the sector is increasingly becoming a human talent constrained industry. A third feature therefore is that relatively more resources should be invested in continuing education to turn experience into deeper insight for improved performance. We postulate that with a properly trained workforce the executive mandates given to staff should be made more flexible at their local (disciplinary, business-unit, asset etc.) level, but more stringent at the global (overall corporate value chain, context) level. When relating the above considerations to the imminent "big crew change", one should grasp this perspective as an opportunity to revisit the E&P sector's traditional approach to education. This paper describes the results of three years experience with a new executive training program for midcareer E&P professionals. It is designed to achieve, within twelve months, a quantum leap in their integration and abstraction skills, enabling them to solve efficiently complex managerial problems much earlier than traditional training programs. The course focuses on E&P decision-making under uncertainty using a comprehensive definition of added value. Students learn to integrate the pertinent information, and switch between abstraction and integration levels as a function of the decision to be made. Mastering this skill is normally achieved after many years of industry experience. The course could be labeled "the MBA for E&P professionals', however with both feet firmly on technical ground. The results are remarkable. Graduates are ready to assume responsibility as E&P asset and portfolio manager.
Bracket Placement in Lingual vs Labial Systems and Direct vs Indirect Bonding (2007)

Labial and lingual systems have the same level of inaccuracy. For both systems, indirect bonding significantly reduces absolute TqE and RotD. The TqE found can cause transverse discrepancy (scissors or crossbite) combined with disclusion with antagonist teeth. The RotD found can result in irregular interproximal contact points.
Photon correlations in ionising laser beams (1966)

A previous communication proposed the Pólya distribution to describe photon correlations in ionising laser beams. Results are reported here for a special case of the Pólya distribution (Furry distribution). Given independent evidence that the Furry distribution applies, the present results enable one to distinguish between different multiphoton ionisation processes.