gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Factor V Leiden and Venous Thromboembolism (2004)

Letters21 September 2004Factor V Leiden and Venous ThromboembolismJan P. Vandenbroucke, MD, PhD and Frits R. Rosendaal, MD, PhDJan P. Vandenbroucke, MD, PhDFrom Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands.Search for more papers by this author and Frits R. Rosendaal, MD, PhDFrom Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-141-6-200409210-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Juul and colleagues (1) reported the results of the Copenhagen City Heart Study, a Danish cohort study that followed 9253 individuals beginning in 1976. They found that risk for VTE was increased 3-fold among carriers of factor V Leiden (216 events and 43 carriers) (1). This relative risk was substantially lower than the 7-fold risk that we reported in a case–control study of 474 patients with thrombosis and 474 controls (92 and 14 carriers, respectively) (2). Juul and colleagues ascribe this difference to “ascertainment bias” and a preponderance of risk factors among patients with venous thrombosis.This ...References1. Juul K, Tybjaerg-Hansen A, Schnohr P, Nordestgaard BG. Factor V Leiden and the risk for venous thromboembolism in the adult Danish population. Ann Intern Med. 2004;140:330-7. [PMID: 14996674] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Rosendaal FR, Koster T, Vandenbroucke JP, Reitsma PH. High risk of thrombosis in patients homozygous for factor V Leiden (activated protein C resistance). Blood. 1995;85:1504-8. [PMID: 7888671] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Rosendaal FR. Bridging case–control studies and randomized trials. Curr Control Trials Cardiovasc Med. 2001;2:109-110. [PMID: 11806781] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoFactor V Leiden and the Risk for Venous Thromboembolism in the Adult Danish Population Klaus Juul , Anne Tybjærg-Hansen , Peter Schnohr , and Børge G. Nordestgaard Factor V Leiden and Venous Thromboembolism Klaus Juul , Børge G. Nordestgaard , and Anne Tybjærg-Hansen Factor V Leiden and Venous Thromboembolism Philip T. Murphy Metrics Cited ByRacial differences in the prevalence of Factor V Leiden mutation among patients on chronic warfarin therapyFrequency of Thrombophilia-Related Genetic Variations in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Embolism in an Urban Emergency Department 21 September 2004Volume 141, Issue 6Page: 484KeywordsCohort studiesFactor V LeidenMedical risk factorsOral contraceptive therapyProspective studiesPulmonary embolismRelative riskRisk managementThrombosisVenous thromboembolism ePublished: 21 September 2004 Issue Published: 21 September 2004 CopyrightCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Nutraceutical Roles of Dietary Fiber (2000)

ABSTRACT Over the years numerous studies have lauded the benefits of a high fiber diet. In fact, fiber along with β-carotene and co-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids may be viewed as the emissaries of the modern day nutraceutical and functional foods field. In accordance, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have approved the use of several health claims related to either the specific or general fiber content of a food. Fiberous molecules include the complex carbohydrates cellulose, hemicelluloses, pectin, algal polysaccharides and mucilages along with the polyphenolic structural molecule lignin. While by strict definition fiber is not considered dietary essential, the health promoting benefits of higher fiber diet has made this class of nutrients very recognizable in the rapidly developing nutraceutical field. Fiber consumption has been linked in decreased incidence of heart disease, various types of cancer, and diverticulosis. While still controversial, it has also been proposed that fiber might be beneficial to individuals with diabetes mellitus in controlling their blood glucose response to a given meal. Fiber structure, physical properties and their role in health promotion will be discussed in this review.
Thrombosis and the Antiphospholipid Syndrome (2005)

The antiphospholipid syndrome is an antibody-mediated hypercoagulable state characterized by recurrent venous and arterial thromboembolic events. Several studies have determined that the frequency of antiphospholipid syndrome in patients presenting with a venous thromboembolic event is between 4% and 14%. Because of the high risk for recurrent thromboembolism in these patients, current recommendations suggest a longer, potentially lifelong, course of antithrombotic therapy following an initial event. Although most authorities agree on an extended course of therapy, considerable controversy surrounds the optimal target therapeutic INR for patients with antiphospholipid syndrome. For an initial venous thromboembolic event, a target INR of 2.0 to 3.0 is supported by two prospective, randomized clinical trials. In contrast, relatively limited data exist for an initial arterial thromboembolic event in patients who have the antiphospholipid syndrome, and therapeutic recommendations range from aspirin to warfarin with a high target INR. Recurrent thromboembolic events can be extremely difficult to treat, and some patients may benefit from the addition of immunosuppressive therapies. Importantly, as many as 50% of the initial thromboembolic events sustained by patients with antiphospholipid antibodies occur in the setting of additional, coincident prothrombotic risk factors, indicating the importance of addressing any additional risk factors, such as hypercholesterolemia, in these patients. Prospective studies are needed to address the role of thromboprophylactic strategies in asymptomatic individuals with antiphospholipid antibodies in the absence of additional risk factors.
An infrared spectrum of the molecular dication (doubly positively charged molecule), D35Cl2+ (1998)

We have observed an infrared spectrum within the X 3Σ− state of DCl2+ using a fast-ion-beam/laser-beam spectrometer. A preliminary analysis shows good agreement with the rotational constants and tunneling lifetimes calculated by Bennett and McNab for the ν=1–2 vibrational band, although the calculated band origin appear to be in error by 21.1 cm−1.
Dissection of Estrogen Receptor Alpha Signaling Pathways in Osteoblasts Using RNA-Sequencing (2014)

The effects of 17-β-estradiol in osteoblasts are primarily mediated by the nuclear transcription factors, estrogen receptor (ER)α and ERβ. ERs function through three general modes of action: DNA-binding dependent through estrogen response elements (EREs; designated nuclear ERE signaling); nuclear signaling via protein-protein interactions to other transcription factors (nuclear non-ERE signaling); and extra-nuclear signaling (membrane-bound functions of ERs). Identification of the specific transcriptional signatures regulated by each of these modes of action should contribute to an enhanced understanding of estrogen signaling in osteoblasts. To achieve this goal, we utilized specific mutations of ERα that eliminate the ability of the receptor to signal through a specific mode of action. The non-classical ERα knock-in (NERKI) mutation is incapable of signaling through direct DNA binding to EREs and the nuclear only ERα (NOER) mutation eliminates all membrane-localized signaling. Comparison of the gene expression patterns elicited by these mutations with the wild-type ERα (WT) pattern provides mode-specific data concerning transcriptional regulation by ERα. We expressed these constructs in the ER-negative osteoblastic cell line hFOB (-/+ estrogen) and performed global RNA-sequencing. Using a series of pair-wise comparisons, we generated three lists of genes that were regulated either by the nuclear ERE-dependent, nuclear ERE-independent, or extra-nuclear actions of ERα. Pathway and gene ontology analyses revealed that genes regulated through the nuclear ERE and nuclear non-ERE pathways were largely involved in transcriptional regulation, whereas genes regulated through extra-nuclear mechanisms are involved in cytoplasmic signaling transduction pathways. We also intersected our data with genes linked to bone density and fractures from a recent genome-wide association study and found 25 of 72 genes (35%) regulated by estrogen. These data provide a comprehensive list of genes and pathways targeted by these specific modes of ERα action and suggest that "mode-specific" ligands could be developed to modulate specific ERα functionality in bone.
Ubiquitous Networks with Radio Space Extension over Broadband Networks (2007)

Many devices are expected to be networked with wireless appliances such as radio frequency identification (RFID) tags and wireless sensors, and the number of such appliances will greatly exceed the number of PCs and mobile telephones. This may lead to an essential change in the network architecture. This paper proposes a new network architecture called the appliance defined ubiquitous network (ADUN), in which wireless appliances will be networked without network protocol standards. Radio space information rather than individual appliance signals is carried over the ADUN in the form of a stream with strong privacy/security control. It should be noted that this is different from the architectural principles of the Internet. We discuss a network-appliance interface that is sustainable over a long period, and show that the ADUN overhead will be within the scope of the broadband network in the near future.
Pressure Propagation in Pulsatile Flow Through Random Microvascular Networks (1993)

A microvascular network with random dimensions of vessels is built on the basis of statistical analysis of conjunctival beds reported in the literature. Our objective is to develop a direct method of evaluating the statistics of the pulsatile hydrodynamic field starting from a priori statistics which mimic the large-scale heterogeneity of the network. The model consists of a symmetric diverging-converging dentritic network of ten levels of vessels, each level described by a truncated Gaussian distribution of vessel diameters and lengths. In each vascular segment, the pressure distribution is given by a diffusion equation with random parameters, while the blood flow rate depends linearly on the pressure gradient. The results are presented in terms of the mean value and standard deviation of the pressure and flow rate waveforms at two positions along the network. It is shown that the assumed statistical variation of vessel lengths results in flow rate deviations as high as 50 percent of the mean, while the corresponding effect of vessel diameter variation is much smaller. For a given pressure drop, the statistical variation of lengths increases the mean flow while the effect on the mean pressure distribution is negligible.
Compton (Mackenzie), Virginia Bateman (Mrs. Edward), [1891] March 15 (1891)

copy of published letter from Jobe; August 2000; transcription only; waiting for film from U. of Texas before transcribing (KS 3/23/2010). Letter begins: I returned from the Continent last night; PAW 10/25/12 (transcription note)
IRTA2 Protein on Lymphoma Cell Lines and Hairy Cell Leukemia Cells Detected by Novel Monoclonal Antibodies. (2004)

Abstract The immunoglobulin superfamily receptor translocation associated 2 (IRTA2) gene encodes a cell surface receptor homologous to the family of Fc receptors. Because of the restricted expression of the mRNA in B cell-linage cells, IRTA2 is a new potential target for the immunotherapy of B cell malignancies. To study the function and expression of the IRTA2 gene product, we produced monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) specific to IRTA2. We successfully made 36 MAbs from a mouse immunized with IRTA2-encoding plasmid DNA. All the MAbs reacted with IRTA2-extracellular domain-Fc fusion protein in ELISA and 293T cells expressing IRTA2 in a fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis. Binding of each MAb to a series of deletion mutants of IRTA2-Fc fusion protein and mutual competition of the MAbs to the binding to the whole extracellular domain of IRTA2-Fc fusion protein revealed that the panel of MAbs recognizes more than 10 epitopes on IRTA2. There are at least 1, 1, 2, 4, and 2 epitopes on extracellular domain 1 (ED1), ED3, ED1-3, ED4-9, and whole extracellular domain, respectively. Twenty five out of the 36 MAbs are specific to IRTA2 but 11 others showed cross reactivity to other members of the IRTA family. Among 36 MAbs produced, 3 MAbs (F25, F56 and F119) were used for further analysis based on their specific reactivity with recombinant IRTA2 expressed on 293T cells and lack of cross reactivity with other IRTA family members. In a FACS analysis, MAbs F56 and F119 detected IRTA2 expression on 6/7 B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and 1/6 Burkitt’s lymphoma cell lines. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction experiments and Western blotting using MAb F25 confirmed the expression profile. We also analyzed blood samples of 11 patients with hairy cell leukemia (HCL), 11 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and 4 patients with follicular lymphomas (FL) by FACS. We detected IRTA2 expression on 100% HCL (11/11), 55% CLL (6/11) and 0% of FL cells (0/4). Our results provide the first evidence that the IRTA2 is expressed on the surface of HCL and CLL cells as well as some human lymphoma cell lines. We expect IRTA2 will be established as a new target for immunotherapy.
Modeling Frost Formation Within a Commercial 3-D CFD Code (2007)

The development of a model for frost formation and its coupling to a commercial CFD code is presented. This combination offers the possibility to predict frost formation within complex geometries and with unsteady flow. The frost formation model is based on the Lewis analogy of heat and mass transfer. The surface temperature of the freezing body is determined by fluid-structure interaction, including insulating effects of the frost and latent heat. The model is validated in two steps: the frost formation on a flat plate is modeled and compared to experimental data from the literature; then, pulsed injection of cryogenic hydrogen into humid air is modeled. Experimentally-observed frost formation on the injector's nozzle is compared to the model's predictions for different nozzles.
Phase relations and dielectric behaviour of (Pb, La)Zr0.55Ti0.45O3 ceramics with a diffuse phase transition region (1974)

Phase relations in (Pb, La)Zr0.55Ti0.45O3 ceramics have been investigated by means of X-ray diffraction and dielectric measurements as functions of the La concentration and temperature. Between a tetragonal, ferroelectric phase (FE) and a cubic, paraelectric phase (PE), in the phase diagram a pseudo-cubic phase, a so-called quasi-ferroelectric phase (QFE) was found. The phase boundary FEQFE found from dielectric and X-ray data approximately coincides, while the unit cell volume and unit cell dimensions show discontinuities at this boundary. The dielectric properties were investigated in the QFE and PE phase fields as functions of temperature and frequency. The dielectric constant ϵ as a function of temperature could be represented in both the phase fields by a quadratic law of the type ϵ−1 = ϵmax−1 + C(TT'c)2, while T'c as well as tan δmax were dependent on the frequency. Die Phasenverhältnisse in den keramischen Werkstoffen (Pb, La)Zr0,55Ti0,45O3 als Funktion der La-Konzentration und der Temperatur wurden mit Hilfe der Röntgenbeugung und dielektrischen Mesungen untersucht. In dem Phasendiagramm befindet sich zwischen der teragonalen, ferroelektrischen (FE) und der kubischen, paraelektrischen Phase (PE) auch eine pseudokubische, sogenannte quasiferroelektrische Phase (QFE). Die Phasengrenzen FEQFE, die aus den dielektrischen und Röntgen-Daten bestimmt werden, fallen annähernd zusammen, während das Volumen und die Dimensionen der Einheitszelle an dieser Grenze Diskontinuitäten zeigen. Die dielektrischen Eigenschaften wurden in den QFE- und PE-Phasen als Funktion der Temperatur und der Frequenz bestimmt. Die dielektrische Konstante ϵ als Funktion der Temperatur kann in den beiden Phasen durch die quadratische Gleichung ϵ−1 = ϵmax−1 + C(TT'c)2 dargestellt werden, während T'c und tan δmax eine Frequenzabhängigkeit aufweisen.
p51/p63 Controls Subunit α3 of the Major Epidermis Integrin Anchoring the Stem Cells to the Niche (2004)

p51/p63, a member of the tumor suppressor p53 gene family, is crucial for skin development. We describe here identification of ITGA3 encoding integrin alpha(3) as a target of its trans-activating function, proposing that p51/p63 allows epidermal stem cells to express laminin receptor alpha(3)beta(1) for anchorage to the basement membrane. When activated by genotoxic stress or overexpressed ectopically in non-adherent cells, p51/p63 transduced a phenotype to attach to extracellular matrices, which was accompanied by expression of ITGA3. Motifs matching the p53-binding consensus sequence were located in a scattered form in intron 1 of human ITGA3, and served as p51/p63-responsive elements in reporter assays. In addition to the trans-activating ability of the TA isoform, we detected a positive effect of the DeltaN isoform on ITGA3. The high level alpha(3) production in human keratinocyte stem cells diminished upon elimination of p51/p63 by small interfering RNA or by Ca(2+)-induced differentiation. Furthermore, a chromatin immunoprecipitation experiment indicated a physical interaction of p51/p63 with intron 1 of ITGA3. This study provides a molecular basis for the standing hypothesis that p51/p63 is essential for epidermal-mesenchymal interactions.
Mutual Solubility and Band Gap Energy of the (CdTe)<SUB>1&minus;<I>x</I></SUB>-(ZnSe)<I><SUB>x</SUB></I> System (1977)

Mutual solubility and band gap energy (Eg) as a function of composition for the (CdTe)1−x-(ZnSe)x system were determined by X-ray diffraction and diffuse refrectance measurement. The results are as follows.(1) X-ray diffraction study showed that CdTe and ZnSe were completely missible above 733°C, but two phases separation took place below this temperature. Two-phase ranges were found to be 0.20<x<0.85, 0.31<x<0.82, and 0.52<x<0.75 at 500, 600 and 700°C, respectively. Peak position of the missibility gap was estimated to be x=0.68±0.05 and 733±10°C.(2) The dependence of Eg on composition for the (CdTe)1−x-(ZnSe)x solid solution annealed at 900°C was found to deviate downward from linearity.(3) The following equation for the composition dependence of the Eg of the (CdTe)1−x(ZnSe)x system was derived from the experimental Eg data of the CdTe-ZnTe, CdSe-ZnSe, CdTe-CdSe, and ZnTe-ZnSe systems.(This article is not displayable. Please see full text pdf.) \ oindentthis equation is in good agreement with experimental data for the (CdTe)1−x-(ZnSe)x system within an error of 4%.
A Bidirectional Nonisolated Multi-Input DC–DC Converter for Hybrid Energy Storage Systems in Electric Vehicles (2015)

To process the power in hybrid energy systems using a reduced part count, researchers have proposed several multiinput dc-dc power converter topologies to transfer power from different input voltage sources to the output. This paper proposes a novel bidirectional nonisolated multi-input converter (MIC) topology for hybrid systems to be used in electric vehicles composed of energy storage systems (ESSs) with different electrical characteristics. The proposed converter has the ability to control the power of ESSs by allowing active power sharing. The voltage levels of utilized ESSs can be higher or lower than the output voltage. The inductors of the converter are connected to a single switch; therefore, the converter requires only one extra active switch for each input, unlike its counterparts, hence resulting in reduced element count. The proposed MIC topology is compared with its counterparts concerning various parameters. It is analyzed in detail, and then, this analysis is validated by simulation and through a 1-kW prototype based on a battery/ultracapacitor hybrid ESS.
A Least Weight Circular Cooling Fin (1975)

The design of the least weight circular cooling fin is obtained through an application of the Minimum Principle. The fin temperature, thickness, and heat flux are considered to be functions only of the radius. Solutions are obtained for the exact one-dimensional representation and also for the approximate case where the profile curvature is neglected in the convection calculation. A regularization technique is used to avoid computational difficulties, especially near the tip where the fin thickness becomes vanishingly small. In the exact case, an additional degree of freedom allows the selection of the fin root dimension. This flexibility suggests the possibility of optimization in a parameter, the root dimension; this was done by using a pattern search technique. Closed form results are given for the approximate case. For kθo/qo = 100, the fin design obtained in the exact case is about 20 percent shorter and contains about 1 percent to 2 percent less material than the fin obtained in the approximate case.
Comparison Evaluation of Static and Mobile Sensor Nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks Considering Packet-Loss and Delay Metrics (2011)

In this work, we carry out a comparison evaluation for mobile and static sensor nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) using TwoRayGround propagation model and different protocols. We consider packet-loss and delay metrics to evaluate the performance of WSN. The simulation results have shown that for WSN with mobile sensor nodes, the delay is better than static sensor nodes. In case of static sensor nodes, the average delay for AODV is better than DSR. However, the packet-loss of AODV is worse than DSR. For both mobile and static sensor nodes, the packet-loss of AODV is higher than DSR.
Supplementary Figure S4 from PTEN Regulates Glutamine Flux to Pyrimidine Synthesis and Sensitivity to Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibition (2023)

<p>Supplementary Figure S4. DHODH is a target of sensitivity in PTEN deficient cells.</p>
Out-of-Plane Buckling of Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastic Sheets Under Homogeneous Biaxial Conditions (1995)

The mechanical behavior of fiber-reinforced composite thermoplastic sheets during forming processes is modelled as a viscous fluid with inextensibility and incompressibility constraints. Techniques of linear stability analysis are used to study the growth or decay of initial imperfections in plane sheets reinforced by two families of fibers subjected to biaxial strains. This theory delimits situations when buckles can be expected to form during forming operations.
Frequency-independent equivalent circuit model for microstrip open-end and gap discontinuities (1994)

The development of user friendly software for microwave integrated circuits will become possible with the adoption of lumped equivalent circuits for interconnect discontinuities. Frequency independent equivalent lumped circuit models are proposed in this paper, wherein resistors are introduced to account for radiation and surface wave losses at microstrip discontinuities. Simple algebraic expressions are obtained for the elements of lumped equivalent circuits for the microstrip open-end and gap discontinuities. These expressions are highly accurate as they are obtained from the full-wave solution in conjunction with physical interpretation and curve fitting techniques. These equivalent circuits include resistor, inductor, and capacitor elements.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>