gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CD11b/CD18 integrin and a <i>beta</i> -glucan receptor act in concert to induce the synthesis of platelet-activating factor by monocytes. (1994)

We determined the mechanism by which opsonized zymosan particles, which are derived from yeast and composed of carbohydrate polymers, stimulate platelet-activating factor (PAF) synthesis by monocytes. A role for CD11b/CD18 was demonstrated because antibodies to this integrin decreased PAF synthesis, zymosan bearing only a ligand for CD11b/CD18 (iC3b) induced the synthesis of PAF, and monocytes that did not express CD11b/CD18 produced much less PAF than control monocytes. Ligation of CD11b/CD18 was not sufficient for PAF synthesis suggesting that an additional receptor was involved. Monocytes are known to bind beta-glucan which is a major component of zymosan. Opsonized beta-glucan particles stimulated the synthesis of PAF, and a soluble form of beta-glucan partially inhibited PAF synthesis in response to opsonized zymosan. Two lines of evidence suggested that the beta-glucan receptor mediating this response was distinct from CD11b/CD18. First, CD11b/CD18-deficient monocytes produced PAF when stimulated by zymosan opsonized with isolated C3b, a molecule that binds to complement receptor type 1 (CD35). Second, inducing contact of monocytes with zymosan by centrifugation resulted in PAF synthesis that was not inhibited by antibodies to CD11b/CD18. The combination of soluble beta-glucan and antibodies to CD11b/CD18 completely blocked PAF synthesis in response to opsonized zymosan. Together, these results demonstrate that induction of maximal PAF synthesis by serum-opsonized zymosan requires the concerted interactions of monocyte receptors for iC3b and beta-glucan. Additionally, they suggest that CD11b/CD18 facilitates binding of the particle and that a beta-glucan receptor transduces the activation signal.
Stereoselective effects of (R)‐ and (S)‐carvedilol in humans (2001)

Carvedilol is currently used as the racemic mixture, (R,S)-carvedilol, consisting of equal amounts of (R)-carvedilol, an alpha-blocker, and (S)-carvedilol, an alpha- and beta-blocker, which have never been tested in their optically pure forms in human subjects. We performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study in 12 healthy male volunteers. Subjects received single oral doses of 25 mg (R,S)-carvedilol, 12.5 mg (R)-carvedilol, 12.5 mg (S)-carvedilol, and placebo at 8 AM as well as at 8 PM. Exercise was performed at 11 AM, and heart rate and blood pressure were measured at rest and after 10 min of exercise. Urine was collected between 10 AM and 6 PM, as well as between 10 PM and 6 AM, and the amounts of urinary 6-hydroxy-melatonin sulfate (aMT6s) were determined by RIA. Compared to placebo, (R)-carvedilol increased heart rate during exercise (+4%, P < 0.05) and recovery (+10%, P < 0.05); (S)-carvedilol decreased heart rate during exercise (-14%, P < 0.05) and recovery (-6%, P < 0.05), and systolic blood pressure during exercise (-12%, P < 0.05); (R,S)-carvedilol decreased heart rate during exercise (-11%, P < 0.05), and systolic blood pressure at rest (-7%, P < 0.05) and during exercise (-10%, P < 0.05). None of the agents had any significant effect on the release of aMT6s. Our results indicate that only (S)-carvedilol causes beta-blockade, whereas (R)-carvedilol appears to increase sympathetic tone, presumably as a physiological reaction to the decrease of blood pressure caused by alpha-blockade. None of the drugs had any influence on melatonin release. The weak clinical net effect of beta-blockade of (R,S)-carvedilol at rest might be one reason why this drug causes fewer side effects than other beta-blockers, such as a reduction of nocturnal melatonin release.
Low Complexity Parallel Chien Search Architecture for RS Decoder (2005)

This paper presents a group-based optimization scheme for a parallel Chien search circuit in a RS (Reed-Solomon) (255,239) decoder. A novel global optimization algorithm (GOA) is presented to find out the common modulo 2 additions within groups of a Galois field (GF) multiplier. By pre-computing the common items, group-based GOA can reduce the area of parallel Chien search circuit by 44% compared to 23% if applying GOA to GF multipliers separately. The group-based optimization scheme can be widely used in a general parallel architecture in which a lot of GF multipliers are involved.
An adaptive solution to dynamic transport optimization (2005)

This paper describes LS/ATN, Living Systems®Adaptive Transportation Networks, an agent-based solution we have developed to solve transportation problems in the charter business logistics. LS/ATN provides automatic optimization and execution capabilities that extend the existing planning systems accordingly. To describe our solution and analyse its performance, we report on a real case scenario in which transportation requests of a big logistics provider were optimized. Besides describing the agent approach and the LS/ATN features we stress the necessity to integrate such agent system into a real-world IT architecture. Finally, we show that our adaptive solution produces significantly better results in real case scenarios than what achieved with manual optimization of professional dispatchers.
Applications of virtual reality technology in pathology. (1997)

TelePath(SM) a telerobotic system utilizing virtual microscope concepts based on high quality still digital imaging and aimed at real-time support for surgery by remote diagnosis of frozen sections. Many hospitals and clinics have an application for the remote practice of pathology, particularly in the area of reading frozen sections in support of surgery, commonly called anatomic pathology. The goal is to project the expertise of the pathologist into the remote setting by giving the pathologist access to the microscope slides with an image quality and human interface comparable to what the pathologist would experience at a real rather than a virtual microscope. A working prototype of a virtual microscope has been defined and constructed which has the needed performance in both the image quality and human interface areas for a pathologist to work remotely. This is accomplished through the use of telerobotics and an image quality which provides the virtual microscope the same diagnostic capabilities as a real microscope. The examination of frozen sections is performed a two-dimensional world. The remote pathologist is in a virtual world with the same capabilities as a "real" microscope, but response times may be slower depending on the specific computing and telecommunication environments. The TelePath system has capabilities far beyond a normal biological microscope, such as the ability to create a low power image of the entire sample using multiple images digitally matched together; the ability to digitally retrace a viewing trajectory; and the ability to archive images using CD ROM and other mass storage devices.
Correlation between work concentration level and background music: A pilot study (2009)

It is a common phenomenon for office workers {to listen to music} while executing daily routines at their desks. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between work concentration level and background music. This research would first follow examples in previous researches, and then explore the influence of background music on participants' scores on attention tests. We hope to gain a preliminary understanding of the possible influence of background music on people's focus and concentration when doing work. Thirty-two college students were separated into three controlled groups; all were given the attention test. Group [a] listened to background music while being tested for 10 minutes; group [b] had no background music at all; and group [c] listened to the music for 10 minutes prior to the attention test. The test was conducted in a "noise free" environment. The means and error rates for each group were then calculated. The findings showed that, in comparison with "no music at all", those who listened to music prior to testing obtained higher scores in attentiveness (most probably a supplemental effect of the music), whereas those who listened to music during attention test showed extremely high level of variation in attention test scoring. Background music does affect people's job-site behavior. In fact, all three test conditions - no background music at all, background music before the work shift, and background music during work - have affected worker performance on different levels.
Corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in various water types by zinc gluconate (2013)

Abstract The effect of zinc gluconate on the corrosion inhibition of carbon steel DIN RSt 37‐2 in various water types has been evaluated using Tafel polarization and scanning electron microscopy techniques. Experiments were performed using 6 types of water, namely, soft tap water from Dubrovnik region, hard tap water from Zagreb region, 3.5% sodium chloride solution, sea water from Dubrovnik region, biologically inert sea water from Dubrovnik region and demineralized water. The concentration of zinc gluconate varied from 0.1 to 3 gl –1 . The results show that substantial corrosion inhibition using zinc gluconate can be obtained with low concentrations in tap waters along with demineralized water and with moderate concentrations in 3.5% sodium chloride solution and sea waters. EDX analysis confirmed the presence of zinc ions which are incorporated in the protective layer of carbon steel specimen. The corrosion inhibition is predominately obtained by anodic mechanism.
Microarray karyotyping of commercial wine yeast strains reveals shared, as well as unique, genomic signatures (2005)

Microarray karyotyping is a useful tool for analyzing the genome structures of wine yeasts. Despite only small to moderate variations in gene copy numbers between different wine yeast strains and within different isolates of a given strain, there was enough variation to allow unique identification of strains; additionally, some of the variation correlated with drug sensitivity. The relatively small number of differences seen by microarray karyotyping between the strains suggests that the differences in fermentative and organoleptic properties ascribed to these different strains may arise from a small number of genetic changes, making it possible to test whether the observed differences do indeed confer different sensory properties in the finished wine.
무권리자의 처분과 부당이득 및 사무관리 (2014)

‘친일반민족행위자 재산의 국가귀속에 관한 특별법’ 제3조 제1항 본문에 따라 그 취득 시점으로 소급하여 국가에 귀속된 것으로 되는 재산을 후손이 제3자에게 양도하고 양수인이 특별법 제3조 제1항 후문의 선의의 제3자 보호규정에 따라 소유권을 취득한 사안에서 대법원은 국가가 후손을 상대로 ‘제3자로부터 그 처분의 대가로 수령한 것을 침해부당이득으로 보아 반환청구할 수 있다’고 하였다. 그 뜻을 일반화 하면 무권리자가 타인 소유의 물건을 유상으로 처분하는 경우에는 침해부당이득이 성립하고 그 효과로서 소유자는 무권리 처분자에게 처분대가로 받은 것의 반환을 청구할 수 있다는 것이 된다. 그러나 일견 무해하게 보이는 이 판례의 내용에는 많은 의문의 여지가 있다. 한편으로 판례의 사안에서 후손은 목적물을 점유하고 소유자로 등기되어 있었으므로, 국가와 후손 사이에 급부관계는 존재하지 않지만, 점유 및 등기명의와 관련하여 부당이득관계가 성립한다. 그런데 후손의 처분으로 점유 및 등기의 이전이 불가능하게 되었으므로, 특별히 무권리자의 처분으로 인한 침해부당이득을 논할 필요 없이, 바로 제747조 제1항에 따라 가액을 반환해야 하는 것이 아닌가 하는 의문이 제기된다. 다른 한편, 예컨대 이행이 완료된 후에 매매계약이 취소되면 전형적인 급부부당이득관계가 발생하고 따라서 취소 후에 매수인이 매매의 객체를 처분하여 제3자가 소유권을 취득하면 매수인은 민법 제747조 제1항에 따라 그 가액을 반환해야 한다. 그런데 이 경우 매수인의 처분이 우리나라에서는 물권행위의 유인성으로 인해 무권리자의 처분이 되고 따라서 판례의 논리에 의하면 (가액이 아니라) 매수인이 제3자로부터 받은 처분대가를 반환해야 하는 것이 되어 제747조 제1항과의 충돌이 문제된다. 이런 문제의식에 기초하여 판례와 같은 사안을 침해부당이득의 한 유형으로 이론구성하는 문제, 그 효과로서 제747조 제1항이 정하고 있는 물건의 (객관적)가액이 아니라 처분대가의 반환의무를 인정하는 것의 타당성 여부, 무권리자 처분과 연관된 다른 제도(특히 사무관리)와의 관계 등을 검토해 보았다.
ML-EM reconstruction model including total variation for low dose PET high resolution data (2015)

Data acquired through the PET system tend to be very noisy, partly due to low radiation doses. In this paper, a new reconstruction strategy based on a combination of the MLEM and total variation (TV) is presented. A comparision between the MLEM and MLEM-TV algorithms for three numbers of counts were done: (1) at 15 M counts; (2) at 35 M counts; and (3) at 55 M counts. The proposed method MLEM-TV can yield better result for image reconstruction, having a higher ability than the MLEM method to recover the spatial distribution of the counts, at low number of counts. Furthermore, an adaptive regularization parameters are embedded within the method. Experimental results, for the performance evaluation using PET simulated data, demostrate the efficiency of the MLEM-TV reconstruction method proposed, significantly improving the image quality and accuracy from the first iteration of the method, in comparison with that obtained using MLEM. For each reconstruction model under investigation, studies on the effects of image quality were addressed, using the SSIM index. Simulations were addressed using the small mouse MOBY phantom with SimSet.
Fibre Optic Biosensor Assay of Newcastle Disease Virus (1993)

A fluorometric sandwich immunoassay for Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was developed using a fibre optic biosensor. Antibodies directed against NDV were covalently attached to the surface of silane-coated quartz fibres and were used to capture the antigen onto the optical element. Fluorescein-labelled anti- NDV served as the detector antibody. Assay times were approximately 10 min in duration with a limit of detection of 5 ng of purified virus. The biosensor detection system possesses several desirable characteristics such as a limited number of mechanical components, a reusable solid support and low baseline variation. These and other properties of the fibre optic biosensor indicate that it has the potential to serve as an on-line continuous monitoring device of an automated or semiautomated detection system. As a part of the fibre optic biosensor development, the surface coverage of the quartz fibres by capture antibody was characterized and an enzyme immunoassay for NDV which employed quartz fibres as the solid support was undertaken. This work was conducted as part of a trinational (UK/US/CA) effort on the Biochemical Detector. Fibre optic, Biosensor, Immunoassay, Detection, Newcastle disease, Virus, Fluorescein.
An efficient fast neighbor discovery (EFND) scheme to reduce handover latency in mobile IPv6 (2006)

Standard mobile IPv6 (MIPv6) has many delay problems while processing duplicate address detection (DAD) and movement detection in an access router. The delays associated with DAD and movement detection are unavoidable in MIPv6 because of its fundamental operation; thus, modifications to the standard are necessary for improved performance. In this paper, we propose a faster movement detection method using new neighbor discovery and DAD procedures to quickly determine the uniqueness of a new care-of-address (CoA) using a modified neighbor cache in the access router (AR). Using this method, faster handover can be achieved in MIPv6. Performance analysis shows the handover latency in the proposed scheme could be reduced compared to standard MIPv6. This process would allow a mobile node (MN) to operate with minimal disruption, less latency, and packet loss.
Detecting humans in RGB-D data with CNNs (2017)

We address the problem of people detection in RGB-D data where we leverage depth information to develop a region-of-interest (ROI) selection method that provides proposals to two color and depth CNNs. To combine the detections produced by the two CNNs, we propose a novel fusion approach based on the characteristics of depth images. We also present a new depth-encoding scheme, which not only encodes depth images into three channels but also enhances the information for classification. We conduct experiments on a publicly available RGB-D people dataset and show that our approach outperforms the baseline models that only use RGB data.
The Respiratory Tract Immune System in the Pig (1976)

The number of cells containing immunoglobulins A, G and M in the respiratory tract mucosa of pigs from birth to maturity was assessed using the immunoperoxidase technique. Immunoglobulin-containing cells first appeared at 6-7 days of age and rose rapidly to reach levels at 3-4 weeks similar to those in the adult. IgA-containing cells predominated at all sites in all age groups, although there were significant proportions of cells containing IgM and IgG. Our findings suggest that IgA is transported into secretions via the mixed mucoserous glands of the nasal and tracheobronchial mucosa, and that this route is also operative for colostral IgA absorbed from the gut in the baby pig.
High performance web sites : essential knowledge for frontend engineers (2007)

Want your web site to display more quickly? This book presents 14 specific rules that will cut 25% to 50% off response time when users request a page. Author Souders, in his job as Chief Performance Yahoo!, collected these best practices while optimizing some of the most-visited pages on the Web. Even sites that had already been highly optimized, such as Yahoo! Search and the Yahoo! Front Page, were able to benefit from these surprisingly simple performance guidelines. The rules in High Performance Web Sites explain how you can optimize the performance of the Ajax, CSS, JavaScript, Flash, and images that you've already built into your site -- adjustments that are critical for any rich web application. Other sources of information pay a lot of attention to tuning web servers, databases, and hardware, but the bulk of display time is taken up on the browser side and by the communication between server and browser. High Performance Web Sites covers every aspect of that process. Each performance rule is supported by specific examples, and code snippets are available on the book's companion web site. The rules include how to: * Make Fewer HTTP Requests * Use a Content Delivery Network * Add an Expires Header * Gzip Components * Put Stylesheets at the Top * Put Scripts at the Bottom * Avoid CSS Expressions * Make JavaScript and CSS External * Reduce DNS Lookups * Minify JavaScript * Avoid Redirects * Remove Duplicates Scripts * Configure ETags * Make Ajax Cacheable you're building pages for high traffic destinations and want to optimize the experience of users visiting your site, this book is indispensable. If everyone would implement just 20% of Steve's guidelines, the Web would be a dramatically better place. Between this book and Steve's YSlow extension, there's really no excuse for having a sluggish web site anymore. -Joe Hewitt, Developer of Firebug debugger and Mozilla's DOM Inspector Steve Souders has done a fantastic job of distilling a massive, semi-arcane art down to a set of concise, actionable, pragmatic engineering steps that will change the world of web performance. -Eric Lawrence, Developer of the Fiddler Web Debugger, Microsoft Corporation
Traffic modeling flows in a developing urban infrastructure with a software suite for creating interactive virtual environments (2017)

We present a design paradigm for a cloud-based service for interactive modeling of traffic flows in a developing urban infrastructure. The mathematical forecasting model for the load of a transportation network is constructed as a result of synthesizing a gravitational model that describes origin-destination trips and a multimodal traffic equilibrium problem with elastic demand. The search for traffic equilibrium reduces to solving a variational inequality. Three-dimensional visualization of the transportation network and adjacent infrastructure is implemented with the virtual environment’s declarative model.
Compact Lamp Using High-Brightness LEDs (2008)

This paper proposes a circuit for a compact lamp based on high-brightness LEDs. It aims energy savings, high luminous efficacy and high useful life when substituting incandescent or compact fluorescent bulbs for LEDs without any change in the electric system installation. In order to supply the LEDs by mains with a forward current, the Buck converter has been chosen. The load can be composed by 36 to 52 LEDs of 5 mm connected in series, resulting in a converter output voltage between 90 V and 187 V. The advantage of series connection is that all LEDs produce the same brightness since its luminous intensity is proportional to the supplied current. The disadvantage is that the damage of one LED could results in an open-circuit, turning off the entire group. To fix this problem, the proposed idea on this work is the introduction of Diacs connected in parallel with groups of LEDs. So, if one LED burns the breakdown voltage is reached, and the Diac in parallel with this group become a short- circuit guaranteeing the operating of the others groups. To verify the proposed idea, the compact lamp has been implemented and tested.
Studies on the Syntheses of Isoquinoline Derivatives. II (1950)

There has been no evidence of a hydroisoquinoline compound having iso-propyl radical in its 8-position having been synthesized and this was accomplished by the authors by taking thymol as the starting material. This was led to thymotinaldehyde by the Gattermann's method, methylated with (CH3)2SO4, condensed with acetone and reduced by electrolytic hydrogenation. The oxime of this reduced product was treated with P2O5 or POCl3 in toluene solution to obtain 8-isopropyl-7-methoxy-1, 5-dimethyl-3, 4-dihydroisoquinoline.
Modulation of Adipoinsular Axis in Prediabetic Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rats by Diazoxide (2004)

Dysregulation of the adipoinsular axis in male obese Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF; fa/fa) rats, a model of type 2 diabetes, results in chronic hyperinsulinemia and increased de novo lipogenesis in islets, leading to beta-cell failure and diabetes. Diazoxide (DZ; 150 mg/kg.d), an inhibitor of insulin secretion, was administered to prediabetic ZDF animals for 8 wk as a strategy for prevention of diabetes. DZ reduced food intake (P < 0.02) and rate of weight gain only in ZDF rats (P < 0.01). Plasma insulin response to glucose load was attenuated in DZ-Zucker lean rats (ZL; P < 0.01), whereas DZ-ZDF had higher insulin response to glucose than controls (P < 0.001). DZ improved hemoglobin A1c (P < 0.001) and glucose tolerance in ZDF (P < 0.001), but deteriorated hemoglobin A1c in ZL rats (P < 0.02) despite normal tolerance in the fasted state. DZ lowered plasma leptin (P < 0.001), free fatty acid, and triglyceride (P < 0.001) levels, but increased adiponectin levels (P < 0.02) only in ZDF rats. DZ enhanced beta3-adrenoreceptor mRNA (P < 0.005) and adenylate cyclase activity (P < 0.01) in adipose tissue from ZDF rats only, whereas it enhanced islet beta3- adrenergic receptor mRNA (P < 0.005) but paradoxically decreased islet adenylate cyclase activity (P < 0.005) in these animals. Islet fatty acid synthase mRNA (P < 0.03), acyl coenzyme A carboxylase mRNA (P < 0.01), uncoupling protein-2 mRNA (P < 0.01), and triglyceride content (P < 0.005) were only decreased in DZ-ZDF rats, whereas islet insulin mRNA and insulin content were increased in DZ-ZDF (P < 0.01) and DZ-ZL rats (P < 0.03). DZ-induced beta-cell rest improved the lipid profile, enhanced the metabolic efficiency of insulin, and prevented beta-cell dysfunction and diabetes in diabetes-prone animals. This therapeutic strategy may be beneficial in preventing beta-cell failure and progression to diabetes in humans.
A new multi-class support vector machines (2002)

A new classification using support vectors is presented. Support vector machines that learn classification problem are specific to use hyperplane. We propose a novel approach that contains support vectors describing the hypersphere to separate the samples. We also generalize it in multi-class classification phrase. The experiment results on UCI datasets are presented.
Associations of Serum Levels of Sex Hormones in Follicular and Luteal Phases of the Menstrual Cycle with Breast Tissue Characteristics in Young Women (2016)

Our results from young women aged 15-30 years add to the evidence that the extent of fibroglandular tissue in the breast that is reflected in both mammographic density and breast water is associated positively with higher serum levels of SHBG, but not with higher levels of sex hormones.