gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reply on CC3 (2021)

<strong class="journal-contentHeaderColor">Abstract.</strong> The quantum state of a spin ensemble is described by a density operator, which corresponds to a point in the Liouville space of orthogonal spin operators. Valid density operators are confined to a particular region of Liouville space, which we call the physical region and which is bounded by multidimensional figures called simplexes. Each vertex of a simplex corresponds to a pure-state density operator. We provide examples for spins <span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mi>I</mi><mo>=</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">2</mn></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="37pt" height="14pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="3619aa10605188fc94ee6adb7c011929"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="mr-2-395-2021-ie00001.svg" width="37pt" height="14pt" src="mr-2-395-2021-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg></span></span>, <span class="inline-formula"><i>I</i>=1</span>, <span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M3" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mi>I</mi><mo>=</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">3</mn><mo>/</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">2</mn></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="37pt" height="14pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="190f45f9534dd05538c3d270deb69123"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="mr-2-395-2021-ie00002.svg" width="37pt" height="14pt" src="mr-2-395-2021-ie00002.png"/></svg:svg></span></span> and for coupled pairs of spins-1/2. We use the von Neumann entropy as a criterion for hyperpolarization. It is shown that the inhomogeneous master equation for spin dynamics leads to non-physical results in some cases, a problem that may be avoided by using the Lindbladian master equation.
Further Characterization of Osteogenic-Cell Growth Promoting Activity Derived from Healing Bone Marrow (1989)

During its osteogenic phase, post-ablation regenerating bone marrow produces bone promoting activity to osteogenic cells. In the experiments reported, activity derived from (rat) healing bone marrow conditioned medium (HBMCM) after boiling was analyzed using chromatography on heparin-Sepharose. The activity in HBMCM was shown to be divided among at least six independent activities that stimulated DNA synthesis rates is osteogenic rat osteosarcoma (ROS) cells. Three activities resolved when heparin-Sepharose was washed isocratically with phosphate buffered saline. Two of these were resistant to reduction and acidification and their effect was considerably more potent in osteogenic than non-osteogenic ROS cells. Three additional activity peaks recovered when the heparin-Sepharose column was pumped with an NaCl gradient. Two of them eluted at 0.3 and 0.65 M NaCl, affected osteogenic and non-osteogenic ROS cells to a similar extent and may be attributed to platelet-derived growth factor. A third peak, resolved at 1.2 M NaCl, implies the residual activity of acidic fibroblast growth factor that persisted after boiling of the conditioned medium. It is concluded that the activity profile of HBMCM reflects the in vivo situation where the osteogenic phase of marrow regeneration is probably regulated by multiple growth factor species.
<title>New approach to imaging spectroscopy</title> (1990)

A very flexible, sophisticated, low-cost and powerful commercial imaging spectrograph has been designed and developed that can provide resolutions from under one meter to several meters depending upon aircraft altitude and ground speed. The instrument uses a two-dimensional frame transfer CCD array to image a line beneath the aircraft and to sense the spectrum for each point in the scene. To keep data rates compatible with the built-in digital cassette recorder, a flexible scheme allows the operator to select the spectral bands and spatial information to be recorded. This compact airborne spectrographic imager can be employed to examine water quality, vegetation stress, fish schools, and to distinguish camouflage from vegetation.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of Quinolines from the Baylis—Hillman Acetates. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Limitations on the use of UV/Vis spectroscopy for the evaluation of conjugation effectiveness (2004)

A detailed study on N,N-dimethylanilino donor-substituted cyanoethynylethenes shows that there is no correlation between the effectiveness of the donor-acceptor conjugation pathway and the lowest-energy transition in the UV/Vis absorption spectrum.
A study on short-time phase and multipulse LPC (2005)

Multipulse LPC, as is often designated the model proposed by Atal and Remae, has been directed towards 9.6 kb/s speech coding. However, at such bit rate, the speech quality is not yet generally acceptable. This paper has a double purpose - one is to investigate the role of short-time phase in multipulse LPC. The other is to look for different modelling structures to be used with this method. This study was prompted by direct observation of the structure of the excitation, where patterns of pulses may be found which are associated with phase-correcting mechanisms of the LPC impulse response. Consequently, a new multipulse technique was developed, based on a special ARMA model formed by cascading an all-pole with an all-pass network. This new model will be referred to as the MAPAP (Multipulse All-Pole All-Pass) method. Another one was tried in which the synthetic speech is formed by combination of several MAPAP signals. We therefore denoted it "multichannel multipulse" method. The potential advantages of both single and multichannel models seem rather promising.
Influence of SiO<sub>2</sub>Nanoaddition on the Self-Organization via UV-Polymerization of Acrylate Nanocomposites (2011)

In our research, we investigate a method of nanocomposite preparation based on self-organization processes due to the formation of a thick polymerizable shell around each nanoparticle and allowing one to get a uniform optical quasihomogeneous material. In the present work, we will study changes of the optical and structural properties of polymer nanocomposites. An UV-curable active matrix was polymerized on the surface of SiO2 nanoparticles. The set of structural modifications of polymeric nanocomposites were observed by using ASM, SEM, light scattering, and water sorption and by measuring the Brinell hardness. Hypotheses concerning the participation of nanoparticles in the photopolymerization are discussed.
New Applications of the Sound Description Interchange Format (1998)

The Sound Description Interchange Format (SDIF) is a recently adopted standard that can store a variety of sound\nrepresentations including spectral, time domain, and higher-level models. SDIF consists of a specified data format\nand a set of standard sound descriptions and their official representation. SDIF is flexible in that new sound\ndescriptions can be represented, and new kinds of data can be added to existing sound descriptions, facilitating\ninnovation and research. This paper describes the goals and design of SDIF and its standard frame types, followed\nby a review of recent SDIF work at CNMAT, IRCAM, and IUA.
<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>J</mml:mi><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:mi>ψ</mml:mi></mml:math>Production in Indium-Indium Collisions at<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mn>158</mml:mn><mml:mtext> </mml:mtext><mml:mtext> </mml:mtext><mml:mi>GeV</mml:mi><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:mtext mathvariant="normal">Nucleon</mml:mtext></mml:math> (2007)

The NA60 experiment studies muon pair production at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron. In this Letter we report on a precision measurement of J/psi in In-In collisions. We have studied the J/psi centrality distribution, and we have compared it with the one expected if absorption in cold nuclear matter were the only active suppression mechanism. For collisions involving more than approximately 80 participant nucleons, we find that an extra suppression is present. This result is in qualitative agreement with previous Pb-Pb measurements by the NA50 experiment, but no theoretical explanation is presently able to coherently describe both results.
On the worst-case performance of the least squares algorithm (2002)

The worst case performance of the least squares parametric system identification algorithm is analyzed assuming the noise is a bounded signal. A bound on the worst-case parameter estimation error is derived. This bound shows that the worst-case parameter estimation error decreases to zero as the bound on the noise is decreased to zero.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Observations on Two Epidemics of Infective Hepatitis in Palestine Among Recent Immigrants (1944)

Journal Article Observations on Two Epidemics of Infective Hepatitis in Palestine Among Recent Immigrants Get access I. J. Kugler, I. J. Kugler Department of Hygiene and Bacteriology, Hebrew University, and Department of Health, Government of Palestine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. S. Btesh, D. S. Btesh Department of Hygiene and Bacteriology, Hebrew University, and Department of Health, Government of Palestine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar W. Koch W. Koch Department of Hygiene and Bacteriology, Hebrew University, and Department of Health, Government of Palestine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 3, May 1944, Pages 234–246, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/74.3.234 Published: 01 May 1944 Article history Received: 16 March 1944 Published: 01 May 1944
Profiling gene expression in mesenteric lymph nodes in pigs with different levels of resistance to Ascaris suum (2014)

A single nucleotide polymorphism on chromosome 4 (SNP TXNIP) has been reported to be associated with roundworm (Ascaris suum) burden in pigs. The objective of the present study was to profile the immune response mounted by pigs with two SNP TXNIP genotypes following an A. suum infection. We selected pigs with genotypes AA (n=24) and AB (n=23) and trickle-infected them with A. suum from eight weeks of age until necropsy eight weeks later. An uninfected control group (AA; n=5 and AB; n=5) was also included. At post mortem, we collected mesenteric lymph nodes and measured the expression of 28 selected genes. Recordings of worm burdens confirmed our previous results that pigs of the AA genotype were more resistant to infection than AB pigs. By estimating the genotype difference in relative expression levels in infected and uninfected animals, we found that IL-13 levels tended to change with genotype (P=0.077); specifically, pigs of the AA genotype had increased IL-13 expression following A. suum infection but IL-13 expression was unchanged in AB pigs. Furthermore, IL-13 expression tended to be associated with total worm burden in AB pigs (P=0.07). The expression of chemokine ligand 17 (CCL17) was up-regulated in AA pigs (P<0.05) but not in AB pigs following A. suum infection. Pigs of genotype AB had higher expression of the high-affinity IgG receptor (FCGR1A) than AA pigs in both infected and non-infected animals (P=1.85*10-11). In conclusion, our results suggest the two genotypes differ in the magnitude of their Th2-type response following A. suum infection.
Assignment of the Lowest Triplet State of the Carbonyl Group (1968)

A study of the electronic spectrum of the 3nπ*←1A1 transition of benzophenone crystals is presented. The transition originates at 24 194 cm−1, and it displays carbonyl stretching and ring torsion modes of the molecule. The observed polarization ratio (Ib / Ia) of 2.5 ± 0.2 is indicative of the fact that at least two of the spin substates of the triplet can combine with the ground state in electric dipole radiation. The two transitions are z (parallel to C–O) and y (perpendicular to C–O in the R2CO plane) polarized with the former dominant by a factor of 3. A polarized high-field Zeeman study of the transition shows that the σz and σx spin designated states are the active ones; this result shows that the 3nπ* state is of A2 (in C2υ) type and that the σx state becomes active through vibronic coupling amongst higher states. The appearance of torsional modes in the spectrum is discussed in relation to this vibronic coupling.
Mass and heat transfer from drops in liquid‐liquid extraction (1957)

Abstract Mass and heat transfer rates in extraction are studied theoretically and experimentally for the practical range of the variables involved. For the particular but typical case of liquid drops moving through another liquid a simple correlation for the over‐all mass transfer coefficient is presented, which holds with a probable error of 20%. Included are systems in which the rate is limited by either coefficient, as well as systems in which both coefficients are significant. The correlation, valid for both directions of transfer with either phase dispersed, is useful for the extrapolation of performance from system to system in a given piece of equipment. Also, together with correlations for transfer area and effective driving force, it is part of the information needed for design.
ChemInform Abstract: DIBENZOTHIEPIN DERIVATIVES AND RELATED COMPOUNDS. I. ISOLATION OF 11‐PHENYL‐6,11‐DIHYDRODIBENZO(B,E)THIEPIN‐11‐YLIUM SALTS AND THEIR NOVEL DEHYDROCYCLIZATION REACTION (1979)

Abstract Das aus dem Dihydro‐dibenzothiepinon (I) durch Umsetzung mit Phenylmagnesiumbromid (II) gebildete Carbinol (III) bildet mit Acetylchlorid oder Thionylchlorid das Chlorid (IV), aus dem mit Tritylchlorid oder Antimonpenta‐ Chlorid das Dibenzothiepinyliumkation (V) entsteht.
Coordinating Medical Civil Military Operations in Multinational Division-North (2010)

Medical civil military operations (MCMO) are part of military civil capacity-building efforts within the full spectrum of military operations, from war to military operations other than war. In 2008-2009 during Operation Iraqi Freedom, the Division Surgeon's Section (DSS) of the 25th Infantry Division (25ID) and Multinational Division-North developed an innovative MCMO program in northern Iraq. The program centered on understanding and mapping key relationships, empowering brigade-level programs, and leveraging technology to identify and share best practices. The DSS mapped the critical relationships within and between the three entities affecting MCMO: the government of Iraq (GOI), Department of State (DOS), and the Department of Defense (DOD). A division MCMO working group was then created along with processes to facilitate MCMO project execution and program management. The structure and organization of the 25ID MCMO program lend themselves to other operational environments requiring synchronization of medical capacity-building efforts.
Factors affecting the removal of geosmin and MIB in drinking water biofilters (2006)

Bench‐scale experiments were conducted using four parallel dual‐media filter columns containing biologically active anthracite or granular activated carbon media and sand. The factors under investigation were low‐ (8°C) and high‐ (20°C) temperature operations, geosmin and 2‐methylisoborneol (MIB) concentration, media type, and biodegradable organic matter (BOM) level. Source water consisted of dechlorinated tap water to which geosmin and MIB were added, as well as a cocktail of easily biodegradable organic matter (i.e., typical ozonation by‐products). Phase 1 experiments used a high BOM level (280 μg/L carbon [C]) to simulate water that had been subjected to ozonation before filtration. Phase 2 experiments used a low BOM level (28 μg/L C) to simulate nonozonated water. Factorial design experiments showed that all four main factors (temperature, concentration, media, and BOM level) were important to both geosmin and MIB removal. Temperature and media interaction and concentration and BOM level interaction were significant for geosmin removal only. Temperature and BOM level interaction as well as media and BOM level interaction were significant for the removal of both geosmin and MIB. Overall, removals of geosmin and MIB were lower in phase 2 (low BOM level), in particular in the anthracite media filters. Biomass levels in the filters appeared to have a significant effect upon the removal efficiencies of both odor compounds.
Safer urethral catheters: how study of catheter balloon pressure and force can guide design (2011)

Iatrogenic complications from improper urethral catheter use is common. Catheter balloon pressures and manual extraction forces associated with urethral injury are significantly greater than those found with normal use. The differences in pressure and force may be incorporated into a safer urethral catheter design, which may significantly reduce iatrogenic urethral injury associated with catheterization.
Smectic C Compounds with Bicyclo[2,2,2]Octane Ring (1991)

Abstract Homologous series of 4-[2-(4-alkylbicyclo[2,2,2]octyl)ethyl]phenyl 4-alkoxybenzoates were synthetized and their mesomorphic properties were investigated. These compounds exhibit smectic C phase and are useful as components of mixtures with ferroelectric properties. The influence of dopants on the tilt of the molecules in the smectic C layer of the mixtures containing mentioned compounds were studied.
Vascular Neuronal NO Synthase Is Selectively Upregulated by Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (2005)

These results provide the first evidence that vascular nNOS expression is upregulated selectively in response to PDGF through the MEK/ERK pathway. Upregulated nNOS may play an important compensatory role under arteriosclerotic/inflammatory conditions associated with eNOS dysfunction to maintain vascular homeostasis.
Regulation of alpha-tropomyosin and N5 genes by a shared enhancer. Modular structure and hierarchical organization. (1990)

We have identified a 99-base pair (bp) tandem repeat consisting of two modules/repeat: a 40-bp-long d(CA.GT)20 potential Z-DNA sequence and a 59-bp-long unique sequence. This repeat is located between and differentially regulates two transcription units, rat alpha-tropomyosin and N5, organized in "head-to-head" orientation. Transient expression experiments showed orientation- and position-independent enhancer activity of the 99-bp repeat in a tissue-specific and developmental manner. Deletion analysis revealed a hierarchical organization establishing the two modules as protoenhancers. Southwestern blot analysis of crude nuclear extracts identified at least six C2C12 myotube nuclear proteins binding to the 99-bp repeat. These observations demonstrate a mammalian gene regulatory sequence structurally and functionally organized like the simian virus 40 viral enhancer and confirm in a specific gene context the contribution of a d(CA.GT)20 tract in transcriptional regulatory mechanisms as a protoenhancer.
A Functional Correspondence between Call-by-Need Evaluators and Lazy Abstract Machines (2004)

We bridge the gap between compositional evaluators and abstract machines for the lambda-calculus, using closure conversion, transformation into continuation-passing style, and defunctionalization of continuations. This article is a followup of our article at PPDP 2003, where we consider call by name and call by value. Here, however, we consider call by need.<br /> <br />We derive a lazy abstract machine from an ordinary call-by-need evaluator that threads a heap of updatable cells. In this resulting abstract machine, the continuation fragment for updating a heap cell naturally appears as an `update marker', an implementation technique that was invented for the Three Instruction Machine and subsequently used to construct lazy variants of Krivine's abstract machine. Tuning the evaluator leads to other implementation techniques such as unboxed values. The correctness of the resulting abstract machines is a corollary of the correctness of the original evaluators and of the program transformations used in the derivation.
A Practical Tool for Developing Trusted Applications (1995)

We introduce a tool we are developing that will allow designers of trusted applications to isolate those portions of a system where an information flow policy is being violated. The tool is a language-sensitive editor that checks a program for policy violations incrementally as the program is developed. What is novel about our approach is that the checking occurs as a form of type checking.
Idiopathic Multicentric Osteolysis (1978)

Abstract Genetic, rheumatologic, immunologic, metabolic, and renal studies of a father and son with idiopathic multicentric osteolysis are reported. The disorder appeared through mutation. The father developed symptoms as an infant, his son at age 4 years and 9 months. Both have micrognathia and hypotelorism and were exceptionally tall during the symptomatic phase of their disease. Biopsies of the son's wrist showed normal synovium, encroachment on cartilage by fibrocellular tissue, and both osteoclastic resorption and repair of affected bone. Hydroxyproline in his urine was increased. No immunologic, renal, or other metabolic abnormalities were identified.
In Vivo Analysis of the Electron Transfer within Photosystem I:  Are the Two Phylloquinones Involved? (1999)

Electron transfer within PS I reaction centers has been analyzed in vivo in a mutant of Chlorella sorokiniana which lacks most of the PS II and of the peripheric antennae, using a new spectrophotometric technique with a time resolution of approximately 5 ns. Absorption changes associated with the oxidation of semiphylloquinone (acceptor A(1)(-)) have been characterized in the 371-545 nm spectral range. The oxidation of A(1)(-) and the reduction of an iron-sulfur cluster (F(X), F(A)F(B)) is monitored by an absorption decrease at 377 nm (semiphylloquinone absorption band) and by the decrease of two positive absorption bands around 480 and 515 nm, respectively, very likely associated with a local electrochromic shift induced by A(1)(-) on a carotenoid molecule localized in its vicinity. A(1)(-) undergoes a two-phase oxidation of about equal amplitude with half-times of approximately 18 and approximately 160 ns, respectively. Two hypotheses are proposed to interpret these data: (1) Photosystem I reaction centers are present under two conformational states which differ by the reoxidation rate of A(1)(-). (2) The two phylloquinones corresponding to the two branches of the PS I heterodimer are involved in the electron transfer. The similar amplitude of the two phases implies that the rates of electron transfer from P700 to each of the phylloquinones are about equal. The two different rate constants measured for A(1)(-) oxidation suggests some asymmetry in the relative position of the two phylloquinones with respect to F(X).