gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Hepatic Impairment on Outcomes in Phase I Clinical Trials in Cancer Subjects (2016)

The differential effects on hepatotoxicity suggest that underlying hepatic function may affect susceptibility to and patterns of DILI. The incorporation of additional measures of hepatic function may help identify those at highest risk of hepatotoxicity in future trials because baseline liver tests did not. Clin Cancer Res; 22(22); 5472-9. ©2016 AACR.
Current distribution in a plasma erosion opening switch (1984)

The current distribution in a plasma erosion opening switch is determined from magnetic field probe data. During the closed state of the switch the current channel broadens rapidly. The width of the current channel is consistent with a bipolar current density limit imposed by the ion flux to the cathode. The effective resistivity of the current channel is anomalously large. Current is diverted to the load when a gap opens near the cathode side of the switch. The observed gap opening can be explained by erosion of the plasma. Magnetic pressure is insufficient to open the gap.
Communicative modelling of cultural transmission and evolution by using abstract holographic cognition (2013)

This article presents communicative ways to model the transmission and evolution of the processes and artefacts of a culture as the result of ongoing interactions between its members - both at the ...
Evaluation of toxicity of capsaicin and zosteric acid and their potential application as antifoulants (2005)

The toxicity of two natural product antifoulants, capsaicin and zosteric acid, was evaluated using the Microtox assay and a static toxicity test. The EC50 values obtained from the Microtox assay for capsaicin and zosteric acid were 11.75 +/- 1.02 and 442 +/- 100 mg/L, respectively. The static toxicity test, conducted with freshwater organisms, yielded capsaicin EC50 values of 5.5 +/- 0.5 and 23 +/- 2.0 mg/L for P. putida and Lake Erie bacteria, respectively. Zosteric acid EC50 values were 167 +/- 3.9 and 375 +/- 10 mg/L for P. putida and Lake Erie bacteria, respectively. Tests with marine organisms resulted in capsaicin EC50 values of 6.9 +/- 0.2 and 15.6 +/- 0.4 mg/L for V. natriegens and V. parahaemolyticus, respectively; whereas zosteric acid EC50 values were 7.4 +/- 0.1 and 18 +/- 0.6 mg/L for V. natriegens and V. parahaemolyticus, respectively. These results indicate that zosteric acid is much less toxic than capsaicin and that both are substantially less toxic than the currently used antifoulants, such as TBT (EC50 < 0.01 ppb). Their effectiveness as natural antifoulants was demonstrated by preliminary attachments studies. As the aqueous antifoulant concentration increased, significant inhibition of bacteria attachment or prevention of biofilm formation was achieved. Hence, both capsaicin and zosteric acid could be attractive alternatives as new antifouling compounds.
Predicted response of stem respiration in ponderosa pine to global climate change (1994)

We measured woody tissue respiration on boles of desert and montane populations of Pinus ponderosa growing in the Great Basin Desert and on the east-slope of the Sierra Nevada as part of a study of responses of P. ponderosa to global climate change. The differences in temperature and precipitation between desert and montane populations match changes in climate predicted from a doubling of atmospheric CO[sub 2]; therefore, these naturally occurring populations represent the difference between present and future climatic conditions for these trees. Allometric relationships derived previously, indicate that for trees of equal diameter, desert trees predicted that desert trees would have lower Q[sub 10] responses for respiration (increase in respiration with a 10[degrees] increase in temperature) volume was not different between populations (Desert: 3.24; Montane: 3.13 moles m[sup [minus]3] sec[sup [minus]1]). Moreover, between population differences in Q[sub 10] for respiration were not statistically significant (Desert: 2.27; Montane: 2.39). Results suggest that under predicted future climatic conditions increased respiratory losses from woody tissue resulting from increased allocation to sapwood may offset increases in carbon uptake due to enhanced photosynthesis from elevated CO[sub 2].
Modeling DC power-bus structures with vertical discontinuities using a circuit extraction approach based on a mixed-potential integral equation (2001)

The DC power-bus is a critical aspect in high-speed digital circuit designs. A circuit extraction approach based on a mixed-potential integral equation is presented herein to model arbitrary multilayer power-bus structures with vertical discontinuities that include decoupling capacitor interconnects. Green's functions in a stratified medium are used and the problem is formulated using a mixed-potential integral equation approach. The final matrix equation is not solved, rather, an equivalent circuit model is extracted from the first-principles formulation. Agreement between modeling and measurements is good, and the utility of the approach is demonstrated for DC power-bus design.
Risk-sensitive Preview Tracking Control of Stochastic Systems (2007)

This paper presents a problem of preview tracking control for discrete-time stochastic linear systems via risk-sensitive stochastic optimal control theory. The risk-sensitive preview tracking controller is designed for an augmented system consisting of a tracking error system and a command generator which makes preview information of the reference signal. In the simulation studies, it has been shown that the derived controller has successfully achieved reducing the tracking error and increasing the robustness against strong random disturbance.
Pharmacokinetic and Tolerance Studies of Cefpodoxime after Single‐ and Multiple‐Dose Oral Administration of Cefpodoxime Proxetil (1991)

Cefpodoxime proxetil, a third generation, broad-spectrum, oral cephalosporin, was administered in single doses of 100, 200, 400, 600, and 800 mg (dose expressed as cefpodoxime equivalents) and multiple doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg twice daily to healthy volunteers. The pharmacokinetics of the active metabolite, cefpodoxime, and tolerance of cefpodoxime proxetil were determined. Results from the single-dose study indicate that cefpodoxime exhibits nonlinear pharmacokinetics over the dose range of 100 to 800 mg. This nonlinearity is primarily due to differences in dose-normalized AUC and Cmax, urinary recovery, and half-life between one or more of the higher-dose treatment groups and the 100-mg dosing group. After multiple-dose (twice daily) administration for 15 days, steady state is achieved on the second day of dosing, and there is no drug accumulation. Cefpodoxime pharmacokinetics are linear with dose over the clinically relevant dosing range of 100 to 400 mg. Microbiologic and HPLC plasma assay results are highly correlated, with close agreement between HPLC- and microbiologic-determined pharmacokinetic parameter estimates. Cefpodoxime proxetil was well tolerated in both studies. The most frequent medical events were related to gastrointestinal problems and consisted of transient loose stools in three subjects in the single-dose study and antibiotic-associated diarrhea in one subject in the multiple-dose study.
Crystal Structure and Luminescence of the [Dy(NO3)2(HMPA)4](NO3) Complex (2019)

The crystal structure of the [Dy(NО3)2(HMPA)4](NО3) complex (HMPA is hexamethylphosphorotriamide) is studied by X-ray diffraction analysis. The crystals are constructed of two crystallographically independent complex cations [Dy(NО3)2(HMPA)4]+ and outer-sphere [NO3]−1 groups. The structure is represented by separate С24Н72DyN15O13P4 complexes bound by van der Waals interactions with pronounced layered morphology. The coordination polyhedron of Dy(III) with coordination number 8 is represented by a distorted trigonal prism with two centered square faces. The results of investigation of the luminescent properties in the visible and near-IR regions are presented.
The pi-sigma network: an efficient higher-order neural network for pattern classification and function approximation (2002)

Introduces a novel feedforward network called the pi-sigma network. This network utilizes product cells as the output units to indirectly incorporate the capabilities of higher-order networks while using a fewer number of weights and processing units. The network has a regular structure, exhibits much faster learning, and is amenable to the incremental addition of units to attain a desired level of complexity. Simulation results show good convergence properties and accuracy for function approximation. Comparative results using the DARPA acoustic transient data set are also provided to highlight the classification abilities of pi-sigma networks.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Direct Nuclear-Pumped Lasers Using the 3He(n,p)3H Reaction (1978)

A description is presented of experimental results concerning a specific class of direct nuclear-pumped lasers classified as 'volumetric nuclear lasers'. In the considered laser system a fissioning gas, He-3, is mixed with the lasing gas to form a homogeneous mixture, resulting in uniform volume excitation. In typical volumetric nuclear lasers a fast-burst reactor is used as a source of neutrons which penetrate a polyethylene moderator. Here the fast neutrons are thermalized. After thermalization, neutrons scatter into the laser cell. Nuclear reactions produce a proton of 0.56 MeV and a tritium ion of 0.19. These ions produce secondary electrons which pump the laser medium creating a population inversion. The results reported demonstrate direct nuclear pumping of He-3-Ar, Xe, Kr, and Cl with the considered system.
Preliminary Studies on New Anti-Reversion Agents for the Sulfur Vulcanization of Diene Rubbers (2000)

Abstract Recently, new materials have been introduced that minimize the loss of crosslink density and properties caused by over-cure and/or high temperature applications. One of these new anti-reversion agents, 1,3-bis(citraconimidomethyl)benzene, compensates for the loss in crosslink density through the formation of new crosslinks. This paper evaluates various multifunctional acrylates to determine if they will function like 1,3-bis(citraconimidomethyl)benzene and reduce reversion through the formation of new crosslinks. The experimental data suggests that some of these acrylates form new crosslinks during overcure conditions and therefore are very effective at maintaining the modulus and tan delta values upon overcure.
Percutaneous and Reduced-Port Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass: Technical Aspects (2013)

Arru, Luca MD; Azagra, Juan Santiago MD; Goergen, Martine MD; Legrand, Anais MD; Orlando, Gennaro G. MD; Poulain, Virginie MD Author Information
The Nobel Prize, Stem Cells, and Rehabilitation (2013)

American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation 92(3):p 189-190, March 2013. | DOI: 10.1097/PHM.0b013e3182887e1c
Evaluation of Peripheral Nondegenerative Medial Meniscus Tears Treated with Trephination Alone at The Time of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (2015)

To determine the radiographic, objective, and subjective results of trephination alone for nondegenerative medial meniscus tears (MMTs) and to compare the results and re-tear rate to a control group of patients without meniscus tears.
Immunomodulation by a low-virulence, agerminative variant of<i>Candida albicans</i>. Further evidence for macrophage activation as one of the effector mechanisms of nonspecific anti-infectious protection (1988)

Systemic infection of mice with a Candida albicans strain (PCA-2) incapable of yeast-mycelial conversion is known to activate host macrophages and confer protection against subsequent challenge with highly pathogenic cells of the same species or by other micro-organisms. In an attempt to define the relative contributions of different immune components to the protection mediated by PCA-2, we evaluated the effect of manipulations known to selectively deplete immune functions. By means of cytostatic drug or silica induced toxicity, it was possible to demonstrate that no crucial role in protection is played by cytotoxic T lymphocytes or B cells, nor by PCA-2 induced granulocytosis alone. The cells responsible for this effect were dacarbazine-resistant silica-sensitive macrophages whose activity in vivo paralleled the in vitro expression of splenic candidacidal activity. Macrophage activation by PCA-2 and increased anti-Candida resistance did not result from an immunological response mediated by T-dependent effectors, as these effects could be reproduced in athymic mice.
Thin film resists for registration of single-ion impacts (2005)

We demonstrate registration of the location of the impact site of single ions using a thin film polymethyl methacrylate resist on a SiO2/Si substrate. Carbon nanotube-based atomic force microscopy is used to reveal craters in the surface of chemically developed films, consistent with the development of latent damage induced by single-ion impacts. The responses of thin PMMA films to the implantation of He+ and Ga+ ions indicate the role of electronic and nuclear energy loss mechanisms at the single-ion level.
Oracle9i XML Handbook (2001)

From the Publisher:
From the official Oracle Press comes a comprehensive guide to developing XML-based e-Commerce applications on the Oracle Internet Platform. Written by the Oracle XML Development Team,this insider's resource explains how to take full advantage of the Oracle XML Developer's Kit (XDKs) and maximize Oracle9i's XML-enabled features. 
Maximize XML-enabled Oracle9i
Create and deploy cross-platform,transaction-based applications on Oracle9i with XMLthe industry standard for describing data for e-business application integration and business-to-business exchanges. Written by members of the Oracle XML Development Team,this insider's resource explains how to take full advantage of the Oracle XML Developer Kit (XDK) to build,manipulate,transform,and view XML documents. You'll also learn from real-world case studies illustrating how Oracle customers make the most of the built-in XML-enabled features. 

Take advantage of the Oracle9i XML infrastructure and XML Developer Kit (XDK)Use the parsers,processors,generators,viewers,and utilities included in the XDKDevelop robust Oracle9i applications with Java XML componentsMaximize the new built-in XML SQL and PL/SQL functions and XML-based messaging capabilitiesUnderstand the differences between Oracle Application Server (OAS) and Oracle9i Application Server (Oracle9iAS)Develop and deploy transaction-oriented applications for OAS and Oracle9iASEnable enterprisewide access to XML documents by storing them in the Internet File System (iFS)Manage diverse types of datatext,images,audio,and videoas data types by using OracleTextDevelop Web-enabled e-business applications with the Oracle e-Business XML Services component


CD-ROM Includes the Official Oracle XML Developer Kit (XDK)
Sequence of the haemagglutinin‐neuraminidase gene of the Newcastle disease virus oral vaccine strain V4(UPM) (1996)

The nucleotide sequence of the haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) glycoprotein gene of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) variant strain V4(UPM) was determined by direct genomic RNA sequencing and confirmed by cycle sequencing. The gene comprises 1996 nucleotides encoding a 615 amino acid protein of size 67.4 kDa. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of this strain were compared with those of the parent strain V4(QUE). There are 16 nucleotide substitutions on V4(UPM), eight of which are silent mutations and another eliminated a potential Asn-linked glycosylation site in V4(UPM). In addition, an Arg (403) residue was shown to be absent in the variant strain. This deletion is thought to be significant because of its location in a highly conserved region of the HN protein.
Large Scale Weakly and Semi-Supervised Learning for Low-Resource Video ASR (2020)

Many semi- and weakly-supervised approaches have been investigated for overcoming the labeling cost of building high quality speech recognition systems. On the challenging task of transcribing social media videos in low-resource conditions, we conduct a large scale systematic comparison between two self-labeling methods on one hand, and weakly-supervised pretraining using contextual metadata on the other. We investigate distillation methods at the frame level and the sequence level for hybrid, encoder-only CTC-based, and encoder-decoder speech recognition systems on Dutch and Romanian languages using 27,000 and 58,000 hours of unlabeled audio respectively. Although all approaches improved upon their respective baseline WERs by more than 8%, sequence-level distillation for encoder-decoder models provided the largest relative WER reduction of 20% compared to the strongest data-augmented supervised baseline.
Analysis of Thin Films on Metal Surfaces (1981)

Abstract External reflection infrared spectroscopy was used in combination with other surface analysis techniques such as ellipsometry, Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to determine the structure of organofunctional silanes adsorbed onto 2024 aluminum and titanium-6 Al, 4V mirrors. The results obtained indicated that the adsorption of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (γ-APS) onto aluminum was a strong function of pH and adsorption time. Films formed by adsorption of γ-APS at pH = 8.5 were composed of polysiloxanes containing amine hydrochlorides. The structure of films formed by adsorption of γ-APS at pH-10.4 depended on time. Films obtained after one minute were composed of polysiloxanes that did not interact strongly with the oxide but during 15 minutes adsorption the air-formed oxide was dissolved and copper accumulated near the surface of the mirrors. Films formed by the adsorption of γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (γ-GPS) onto aluminum were composed of polysiloxanes that did not interact strongly with the oxide. The structure of films formed by adsorption of γ-APS onto titanium did not depend on adsorption time. Films formed at pH = 10.4 were composed of low molecular weight oligomers that gradually polymerized to polysiloxanes during atmospheric exposure.
Tunable photonic microwave filters based on all-optical mixing (2005)

In this paper, we propose a novel approach to implementing an all-optical microwave filter that is suitable for direct deployment in a radio-over-fiber link. The proposed filter consists of a narrow linewidth laser source, two Mach-Zehnder electro-optic intensity modulators (MZM), a local RF signal source and a chirped fiber Bragg grating (CFBG). The light emitted from the laser source is externally intensity modulated by a driving RF signal (RF1), and then injected to a second electro-optic intensity modulator. The second intensity modulator is driven by a strong local RF signal (RF2), to produce a spectrum with a carrier and multiple sidebands. Thanks to the frequency mixing effect of the second intensity modulator, the RF signal carried by the optical source is transferred to the sidebands as well. By using a CFBG as a dispersive device to induce time delays for the carrier and the sidebands, an all-optical microwave filter with only a single light source, but multiple taps is realized. The tunability of the proposed filter can be achieved by adjusting the frequency of RF2. A 2-tap lowpass filter with a free spectral range (FSR) tunable from 2.1 GHz to 4.2 GHz, and a 3-tap lowpass filter with a free spectral range tunable from 4.2 GHz to 4.8 GHz are experimentally demonstrated.
Energy Absorption of Gold Nanoshells in Hyperthermia Therapy (2008)

The unique optical characteristics of a gold nanoshell motivate the application of nanoshell-based hyperthermia in drug delivery and cancer treatment. However, most of our understanding on energy absorption and heat transfer is still focused on individual particles, which may not be accurate for nanoshell aggregates in a real application due to the strong optical interaction of nanoshells. This paper investigates the relationship between the optical interaction and the interparticle distance in the visible and near-infrared regions by means of a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The objective is to explore the energy transportation mechanism, which is critical for hyperthermia therapy. From the numerical simulation results of different forms of nanoshell aggregates, including individual nanoshells, 1-D chains, 2-D arrays, and 3-D clusters, it was found that the interparticle distance plays a crucial role from the maximal absorption point of view. The interparticle distance affects both field enhancement and surface plasmon resonance position. The accurate prediction of energy absorption also helps the way nanoshells are populated in the tumor cell so as to prevent heat damage to healthy tissues in clinic applications. In the case of 3-D clusters, the laser energy decays exponentially along the wave propagation, and the penetration depth greatly depends on the interparticle distance. The closer the nanoshells are placed, the shorter the penetration depth is. The maximal total length for the laser penetration through the shell of gold nanoparticles is about a few hundred to several nanometers. The actual penetration depth primarily depends not only on the interparticle distance, but also on the size of the nanoshells as well as other factors. Since the absorption energy is concentrated on the surface clusters of nanoparticles, heat transfer mechanisms in metal-nanoparticles-based hyperthermia will differ from that in other hyperthermia. The information obtained from this paper will serve as a basis for further study of heat transfer in metal-nanoparticles-based hyperthermia.
Drying shrinkage of cement mortars treated with shrinkage-reducing agents. (1989)

Cement concrete and mortar have some disadvantages such as low tensile strength, large drying shrinkage and low extensibility. Cracks frequently occur in various concrete structures and mortar walls. In particular, the large drying shrinkage is the most important factor affecting crack formation. Recently, surfactant-type shrinkage-reducing agents for concrete and mortar have been developed in Japan. The shrinkage-reducing agents (SRA) are not only added to fresh concrete and mortar, but also applied on hardened concrete and mortar surfaces. However, the effectiveness of SRA treatments for thin mortar walls in wooden buildings has not been reported till now. The purpose of this study was to make clear the effect of drying shrinkage reduction on the thin mortar by treating with SRA. Mortar specimens with or without SRA were prepared with thicknesses of 10, 20 and 40mm, and covered with an epoxy resin paint except for one side of each specimen. Then four types of SRA were treated at coverage rates of 100 and 300g/m2 on the surfaces of the mortar specimens without SRA, and the penetration depth of SRA was measured. The drying shrinkage of the mortar specimens was also measured up to 364 days of dry curing periods. The conclusions obtained from the test results are summarized as follows:(1) The drying shrinkage of the mortars is considerably reduced by treating with the shrinkage -reducing agents, and depends on the coverage rate of the agents and the thickness of the mortars. The drying shrinkage can be predicted as a function of the coverage rate.(2) The effectiveness of the shrinkage-reducing agent treatments increases with increasing coverage rate of the agents and with decreasing thickness of the mortars.(3) On the basis of the above results, the shrinkage-reducing agent treatments are applicable to reduce the drying shrinkage of the finishing mortars troweled on the metal lath bases of wooden buildings.