gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Using a Tensiometer Control Valve to Schedule Peach Irrigation (1996)

An irrigation control valve that uses the suction developed in a tensiometer to start and stop the flow of water to the irrigation system without the need of electricity was constructed. When soil water suction reached –22 cbars at 25 cm, the valve opened and then closed at –18 cbars. Peach trees at 6 × 6 m (three trees per plot) or 4.9 × 3 m (five trees per plot) spacing were irrigated with either pulse microsprinkler or drip irrigation. Evapotranspiration (ET) was calculated from pan evaporation and adjusted for each plot, based on canopy diameter. Flow meters measured water use for each plot in a split plot design with six replications. In Sept. 1995, drip ET was 30%, and pulse ET was 200% of calculated ET for both plant spacings. Spatial variability in actual and calculated plot ET was >200%, and actual plot ET was highly correlated with calculated plot ET. Data for the 1996 field season will be presented. The results indicate that spatial variability in water use is high, and the tensiometer valve is effective and reliable in scheduling irrigation in a heterogeneous environment.
Inhibition of Prothrombinase by Human Secretory Phospholipase A2 Involves Binding to Factor Xa (1998)

Human group II secretory phospholipase A2 (hsPLA2) exhibits significant anticoagulant activity that does not require its enzymatic activity. We examined which coagulation factor was targeted by hsPLA2 and analyzed which region of the protein may be involved in this inhibition. Prothrombin time coagulation assays indicated that hsPLA2 did not inhibit activated factor V (FVa) activity, whereas activated factor X (FXa) one-stage coagulation assays suggested that FXa was inhibited. The inhibitory effect of hsPLA2 on prothrombinase activity of FXa, FV, phospholipids, and Ca2+ complex was markedly enhanced upon preincubation of hsPLA2 with FXa but not with FV. Prothrombinase activity was also strongly inhibited by hsPLA2 in the absence of PL. High concentrations of FVa in the prothrombinase generation assay reversed the inhibitory effect of hsPLA2. By using isothermal titration calorimetry, we demonstrated that hsPLA2 binds to FXa in solution with a 1:1 stoichiometry and a Kd of 230 nM. By using surface plasmon resonance we determined the rate constants, kon and koff, of the FXa/hsPLA2 interaction and analyzed the Ca2+ effect on these constants. When preincubated with FXa, synthetic peptides comprising residues 51-74 and 51-62 of hsPLA2 inhibited prothrombinase assays, providing evidence that this part of the molecule, which shares similarities with a region of FVa that binds to FXa, is likely involved in the anticoagulant interaction of hsPLA2 with FXa. In conclusion, we propose that residues 51-62 of hsPLA2 bind to FXa at a FVa-binding site and that hsPLA2 decreases the prothrombinase generation by preventing FXa.FVa complex formation.
Exploration for Hemorrhage Following Laparoscopic Renal Surgery: Intraoperative Findings (2006)

Early hemodynamic instability after laparoscopic renal surgery is likely to indicate a discrete arterial bleeding source from the hilum or adrenal bed, requiring surgical control. In patients who underwent exploration after a delayed bleeding presentation no discrete source was found intraoperatively. Therefore, it is unclear whether these patients benefited from surgical exploration.
Determination of Shelf Life of Concentrated Yogurt (Labneh) Produced by In-Bag Straining of Set Yogurt using Hazard Analysis (2002)

Strained yogurt, labneh, produced by straining cow's milk set yogurt in cloth bags, was stored at 5, 15, and 25 degrees C, and changes in microbial counts, pH, titratable acidity, percentage of free whey, and sensory attributes were monitored during storage. Counts of total aerobes, psychrotrophic yeasts, yeasts and molds, and lactic acid bacteria, except in samples stored at 25 degrees C, increased irrespective of storage temperature. The pH of samples decreased, titratable acidity and percentage of free whey increased, and texture defects were detected at a later stage than flavor changes during storage. Shelf-life data of labneh was adequately described by the Weibull distribution. The nominal shelf life determined using sensory changes and yeast counts as failure criteria ranged from 8.5 to 10.5, 4.7 to 5.8 and 2.3 to 2.7 d at 5, 15 and 25 degrees C, respectively. Q10 (shelf life at T degrees C/shelf life at T+10 degrees C) for flavor quality loss was 1.98 at 5 degrees C, and the corresponding activation energy was 11.3 kcal/mol.
CIRCULAR ARRAYS OF BEVERAGE ANTENNAS FOR HIGH FREQUENCY DIRECTION FINDING. (1963)

Modification of the AN/FRD-10 channel watcher as a D/F receiver and indicator for use with a Beverage array and a 180 input diode commutator is now 100 per cent complete. Plans were initiated in July to make bearing studies on the 112 meter Beverage array (112 meter long an tennas spaced 2 degrees), however, a requirement to use the commutating system for specialized tests outside the United States necessitated postponement of these data. Bearing studies will be resumed as soon as the equipment is returned to Southwest Research Institute. Analysis of results obtained on the crossed-over array in dicate that experimental investigation of a crossover design may be conveniently carried out at the 112 meter site which now consists of noncrossed-over antennas. This investigation will be concerned with methods of isolation for frequencies above 10 mc in the crossover region. Equations have been derived and programmed for the Institute's digital computer to calculate both azimuth and elevation patterns for various circular sector arrays o Beverage antennas. This program is ready for use and patterns will be completed during the coming interim period. (Author)
Characterization of the human gene that encodes the peptide core of secretory granule proteoglycans in promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells and analysis of the translated product. (1990)

Based upon the deduced amino acid sequence of a cDNA (cDNA-H4) that had been proposed to encode the peptide core of an eosinophil and a HL-60 cell secretory granule proteoglycan, a 16-amino acid peptide was synthesized. This peptide was then used to elicit rabbit antibodies for study of the translation and post-translational modification of this gene product in hematopoietic cells. When HL-60 cells were radiolabeled for 2 min with [35S]methionine, a protein that migrated in a sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide electrophoresis gel with a Mr of 20,000 was immunoprecipitated with the IgG fraction of the anti-peptide serum. Kinetic experiments revealed that within 10 min this radiolabeled precursor protein was converted in HL-60 cells into an Mr approximately 150,000 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan intermediate. After a 20-min to 1-h chase, this [35S]methionine- or [35S]sulfate-labeled proteoglycan intermediate lost its antigenicity, presumably due to proteolysis of its N terminus. A human genomic library was probed under conditions of high stringency with cDNA-H4 to isolate genomic clones that contain the gene that encodes this proteoglycan peptide core. This gene spans approximately 15 kilobases and consists of three exons. The first exon encodes the 5'-untranslated region of the mRNA transcript, as well as the entire 27-amino acid signal peptide of the translated molecule. The second exon encodes a 49-amino acid region of the peptide core, predicted to be the N terminus of the molecule after its proteolytic processing in the endoplasmic reticulum. The third exon encodes the remainder of the molecule, including its glycosaminoglycan attachment, serine-glycine repeat region. As assessed by S1 nuclease mapping and primer extension analysis, the transcription-initiation site in HL-60 cells for this gene resides 53 base pairs upstream from the translation-initiation site.
Techniques of analysis of tar sand bitumens (1977)

This paper is a selected review of techniques which have been applied to compositional analysis of tar sands. A discussion is given of the type of information obtained and limitations of the principal separation and spectral techniques. A projection is made of techniques likely to be useful but which have not been applied to bitumen analysis. A few observations are made regarding the nature of shale oil and coal derived liquids and the characteristics of these liquids important to the development of analytical techniques. (DLC)
Novel Coumarin Derivatives Containing 1,2,4-Triazole, 4,5-Dicyanoimidazole and Purine Moieties: Synthesis and Evaluation of Their Cytostatic Activity (2012)

We report here on the synthesis and in vitro anti-tumor effects of a series of novel 1,2,4-triazole (compounds 3-6), 4,5-dicyanoimidazole (compound 7), and purine (compounds 8-13) coumarin derivatives and their acyclic nucleoside analogues 14-18. Structures of novel compounds 3-18 were deduced from their (1)H- and (13)C-NMR and corresponding mass spectra. Results of anti-proliferative assays performed on a panel of selected human tumor cell lines revealed that compound 6 had moderate cytostatic activity against the HeLa cell line (IC(50) = 35 µM), whereas compound 10 showed moderate activity against the HeLa (IC(50) = 33 µM), HepG2 (IC(50) = 25 µM) and SW620 (IC(50) = 35 µM) cell lines. These compounds showed no cytotoxic effects on normal (diploid) human fibroblasts.
BOOK AND FILM REVIEWS: Behavior of Electrons in Atoms (1966)

First Page
Optical range image acquisition for the navigation of a mobile robot (2002)

A very compact optical range sensor is described which is to be used for the acquisition of the range information for the navigation of a mobile platform. A short review of the techniques currently used to acquire range data for a mobile vehicle is included. Some advantages and disadvantages of the different methods are presented. Emphasis is placed on a possible short-to-medium-term solution of the problem of robot navigation. A short description of the optical principle of the range sensor BIRIS, its real-time implementation on a commercially available image processing system, and its performance are presented. The high immunity of the sensor to ambient illumination and external perturbations is also demonstrated. Experimental results and a technique for the detection of the free space surrounding the vehicle using the range data are given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
10.1162/153244303322533205 (2000)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Task Region | N3832 (2014)

Over the last several years, Microsoft and Intel have collaborated to produce a set of common libraries known as the Parallel Patterns Library (PPL) by Microsoft and the Threading Building Blocks (TBB) by Intel. The two libraries have been a part of the commercial products shipped by Microsoft and Intel. Additionally, the paper is informed by Intel’s experience with Cilk Plus, an extension to C++ included in the Intel C++ compiler in the Intel Composer XE product.
Formal verification of a PowerPC microprocessor (2002)

This paper presents the use of formal methods in the design of a PowerPC microprocessor. The chosen methodology employs two independently developed design views, a register-transfer level specification for efficient system simulation and a transistor level implementation geared toward maximal processor performance. A BDD-based verification tool is used to functionally compare the two views which essentially validates the transistor-level implementation with respect to any functional simulation/verification performed at the register-transfer level. We show that a tight integration of the verification approach into the overall design methodology allows the formal verification of complex microprocessor implementations without compromising the design process or performance of the resulting system.
Domain engineering of physical vapor deposited two-dimensional materials (2014)

Physical vapor deposited two-dimensional (2D) materials span larger areas compared to exfoliated flakes, but suffer from very small grain or domain sizes. In this letter, we fabricate freestanding molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and amorphous boron nitride (BN) specimens to expose both surfaces. We performed in situ heating in a transmission electron microscope to observe the domain restructuring in real time. The freestanding MoS2 specimens showed up to 100× increase in domain size, while the amorphous BN transformed in to polycrystalline hexagonal BN (h-BN) at temperatures around 600 °C much lower than the 850–1000 °C range cited in the literature.
Comparative Study of Uranyl(VI) and -(V) Carbonato Complexes in an Aqueous Solution (2007)

Electrochemical, complexation, and electronic properties of uranyl(VI) and -(V) carbonato complexes in an aqueous Na2CO3 solution have been investigated to define the appropriate conditions for preparing pure uranyl(V) samples and to understand the difference in coordination character between UO22+ and UO2+. Cyclic voltammetry using three different working electrodes of platinum, gold, and glassy carbon has suggested that the electrochemical reaction of uranyl(VI) carbonate species proceeds quasi-reversibly. Electrolysis of UO22+ has been performed in Na2CO3 solutions of more than 0.8 M with a limited pH range of 11.7 < pH < 12.0 using a platinum mesh electrode. It produces a high purity of the uranyl(V) carbonate solution, which has been confirmed to be stable for at least 2 weeks in a sealed glass cuvette. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurements revealed the structural arrangement of uranyl(VI) and -(V) tricarbonato complexes, [UO2(CO3)3]n- [n = 4 for uranyl(VI), 5 for uranyl(V)]. The bond distances of U-Oax, U-Oeq, U-C, and U-Odist are determined to be 1.81, 2.44, 2.92, and 4.17 A for the uranyl(VI) complex and 1.91, 2.50, 2.93, and 4.23 A for the uranyl(V) complex, respectively. The validity of the structural parameters obtained from EXAFS has been supported by quantum chemical calculations for the uranyl(VI) complex. The uranium LI- and LIII-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectra have been interpreted in terms of electron transitions and multiple-scattering features.
Development of immediate and sustained-release formulations of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist exenatide for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes (2011)

Development of immediate and sustained-release formulations of the glucagon
Spectrographic Determination of Impurities in Molybdenum: Influence of a Diatomic Gaseous Reaction Product on the Arc Excitation in Argon (1971)

A spectrographic method has been developed for the determination of 24 trace elements in MoO 3 . The method is particularly effective for the refractory elements Nb, Ta, Zr, Ti, and V, which are difficult to determine by conventional spectrographic procedures. High sensitivity is achieved in a low amperage arc in argon as a consequence of certain thermochemical reactions which occur in the anode during the arcing process. Although it would appear that the discharge takes place in argon, in fact a small quantity of CO is evolved into the are when MoO 3 is reduced in the anode. The evolution of CO changes the composition of the are gas and is essential to the ultimate vaporization and excitation of metal impurities. This paper presents time-resolved spectra, anode temperature, and arc gap voltage measurements which demonstrate the effect of CO.
Thoraco-Abdominal Response to Steering Wheel Impacts (1985)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Mechanisms of thoraco-abdominal trauma were investigated utilizing unembalmed, repressurized human cadavers subjected to frontal impact with a steering wheel assembly. The focus of this research program was on trauma to the soft-tissue organs surrounded by the thoracic cage, as well as on the kinematic response of the thoracic cage. The results are compared to other thoraco-abdominal research programs conducted at the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute (UMTRI) during the last eight years.</div>
Charged Nitronyl Nitroxide Biradicals as Building Blocks for Molecular Ferrimagnetics (1999)

Abstract A crystal-engineering approach to organic ferrimagnetics is reported. Coulombic energy between cationic biradical with S=1 and anionic radical with S=1/2 is a promising driving force of co-crystallizing the hetero-molecular assemblage in a controllable manner. As a cationic component of “organic salt ferrimagnetics”, two kinds of nitronyl nitroxide biradicals, 2,6- and 3,5-substituted pyridine derivatives, were examined. It was predicted from semi-empirical molecular orbital calculations that both the 2,6- and 3,5-derivatives have the triplet ground states both in the neutral and cationic states. The molecular ground state of the 2,6-biradical in the neutral state was found to be triplet from magnetic susceptibility measurements, while the susceptibility and ESR measurements suggested a singlet ground state for the 3,5-biradical.
Heterocycles. CXLII. Synthesis of some triazoloazine 3‐oxides (1976)

Abstract The formation of 3‐oxides of triazolopyridine, triazolopyridazine and triazolopyrazine was investigated. The corresponding 3‐oxides were obtained by oxidative cyclization of 2‐hydroxy‐iminomethyleneaminoazines and some transformations are described.
Dendritic Cells Derived from Murine Colonic Mucosa Have Unique Functional and Phenotypic Characteristics (2007)

Dendritic cells (DCs) residing in different tissues and exposed to different organisms are likely to have different reactivities to their surrounding environment. Many studies use in vitro generated DCs to examine functions of these cells, but such cells may not truly reflect the nature of DCs and their in situ activities in vivo. We have used magnetic label-based technique to isolate colonic DCs to conduct derailed characterization of these cells. Colonic DCs comprise mainly CD11b+ DCs with few CD8alpha+ DCs or plasmacytoid DCs. Functionally, isolated colonic DCs are able to endocytose and process proteins, undergo maturation, and stimulate T cells to proliferate. Importantly, expression of TLRs by colonic DCs is significantly lower than that of their spleen counterparts; however, they appear to be as, or more, responsive to stimulation by oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG motif based on their cytokine production. We speculate that colonic DCs have unique reactivities differing from DCs residing in other lymphoid tissues and are adapted for the unique microenvironment of the colonic mucosa and that these cells react uniquely to their environment.
HIGH‐PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY‐BASED PURIFICATION OF FIREFLY LUCIFERASES (1989)

Abstract— A simple procedure is described for purifying luciferases from firefly lanterns in greater than 50% yield. The key step in the method is high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a Bio‐Gel TSK DEAE‐5PW analytical (75 times 7.5 mm) anion exchange column. In separate experiments, partially purified protein solutions obtained from Photinus pyralis and Photinus macder‐motti lanterns by solubilization, ammonium sulfate fractionation and Sephadex G‐25 gel filtration were chromatographed. Luciferases from both species had relative molecular masses (M g ) equal to 61 ± 2 times 10 3 and were strongly reactive to anti‐P. pyralis luciferase antibody. Isoelectric focusing (IEF) experiments, HPLC retention times ( R t ), and bioluminescence emission spectra demonstrated that the luciferases from the different Photinus species were very similar, but not identical. The purification procedures described are most suitable for the isolation of 2–10 mg of protein; however, the use of a preparative column should enable the convenient isolation of larger amounts of protein. Also, this method should be readily adaptable to the isolation of luciferases from additional genera and species of fireflies.
Electric-field-induced lattice distortion in epitaxial BiFeO3 thin films as determined by <i>in situ</i> time-resolved x-ray diffraction (2017)

Time-resolved X-ray diffraction (XRD) with synchrotron radiation while applying continuous voltage pulses was employed to investigate the electric-field-induced lattice distortion of an epitaxial BiFeO3 (BFO) thin film in a Pt/BFO (1 μm)/SrRuO3 (50 nm)/vicinal SrTiO3 (001) structure. XRD-reciprocal space maps based on the BFO 003, 114, and 11¯4 diffraction spots with and without the application of +15 V (150 kV/cm) to the capacitor demonstrated simultaneous electric-field-induced lattice distortion and crystallographic rotation in the BFO thin film. In response to the application of +15 V, the BFO lattice elongated by 0.08% along the [001]BFO direction and compressed by 0.05% along the [110]BFO direction. In addition, the BFO crystals were rotated by 0.01° along the [1¯1¯0]STO direction as a result of electric-field-induced lattice distortion under epitaxial strain along the vertical direction at the step edges of the vicinal substrate.
Cost Optimization of Decommissioning and Recycling CdTe PV Power Plants (2017)

This paper evaluates the cost of decommissioning, at the end of their lives, utility-scale ground-mount CdTe PV power plants in the U.S.-SW, based on publicly available industry data and General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS) optimization, to maximize the net revenue from this activity. The recycling of structure and modules could create a profit of $ 1.58 per module area, the major revenue coming from the copper of the cables and the steel and aluminum of the module mounting and support. Planning for easy recovery of materials from the BOS in addition to those from the modules could further add to the profitability of recycling.
Rigorous Coupled-Wave Theory and its Application for Design of Diffractive Optical Elements (2008)

The field of diffractive optical elements has a long history, and various fabrication methods have been developed over time. Recent progress in nanotechnology further facilitated fabrication of diffractive optical elements with a periodic structure that has less than one wavelength. In the case of this type of element (e. g. device structure of which the size is less than one wavelength or a deep trench that is several times longer than its wavelength), a rigorous method is required for analyzing polarization, evanescent waves and beam propagation inside grating structures. This paper provides a brief overview of numerical methods for electromagnetic wave analysis, with particular focus on the difference between the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) Method and Rigorous Couple-Wave Analysis (RCWA). The latter method is suitable for analyzing diffractive optical elements with binary sub-wavelength structures and Volume Phase Holographic (VPH) gratings. Furthermore, the paper introduces the authors' numerical analysis based on RCWA, underlining its merit and applications to design and evaluation of diffractive optical elements.