gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The genes <i>aroA</i> and <i>trnQ</i> are located upstream of <i>psbO</i> in the chromosome of <i>Synechocystis</i> 6803 (1993)

We have identified the existence of two genes, trnQ and aroA, located upstream of the psbO gene in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. The trnQ gene encodes a glutamine-specific transfer RNA (tRNA(Gln)) and the sequence given is the first reported for any cyanobacterium. The gene seems to exist as a single copy since its deletion results in non-viable mutation. The aroA gene encodes for 5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase and its discovery in the genome of Synechocystis 6803 is the first genetic evidence for the existence of the shikimate biosynthetic pathway in cyanobacteria. Interestingly, the partial sequence shares close homologies with the sequences of aroA from Gram-positive bacteria.
Steric effects in di- and tri-arylmethanes. Part IX. Electronic absorption spectra of julolidine (2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1H,5H-benzo[ij]quinolizine) and kairoline (1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline) analogues of Michler's hydrol blue, malachite green, crystal violet, and Michler's ketone (1969)

Julolidine and kairoline analogues of some basic di- and tri-phenylmethane dyes and of Michler's ketone have been prepared and their spectra have been examined. The analogues of Michler's ketone in acid solution give charge-resonance systems by protonation of the oxygen atom, and it is suggested that nitrogen in these compounds may be sp2-hybridised.
Correction for the Flux Measurement Bias in X‐Ray Source Detection (2004)

With a high spatial resolution imaging instrument such as the Chandra/ACIS, one can confidently identify an X-ray source with only a few detected counts. The detection threshold of such sources, however, varies strongly across the field-of-view of the instrument. Furthermore, the low detection counting statistics, together with a typical steep source number-flux relation, causes more intrinsically faint sources to be detected at apparently higher fluxes than the other way around. We quantify this ``X-ray Eddington bias'' as well as the detection threshold variation and devise simple procedures for their corrections. To illustrate our technique, we present results from our analysis of X-ray sources detected in the fields of the large-scale hierarchical complex Abell 2125 at $z = 0.247$ and the nearby galaxy NGC 4594 (Sombrero). We show that the sources detected in the Abell 2125 field, excluding 10 known complex members, have a number-flux relation consistent with the expected from foreground or background objects. In contrast, the number-flux relation of the NGC 4594 field is dominated by X-ray sources associated with the galaxy. This galactic component of the relation is well characterized by a broken power law.
Divided by Visions of the Truth: The Bible, Epistemology, and the Adventist Community (2009)

The discussion is complicated by the fact that the historical-critical method of Bible study is hard to define.As the Cambridge Companion to Biblical Interpretation states, "its definition is almost as controversial as its desirability" (John Barton, "Historical Critical Approaches," Cambridge Companion to Biblical Interpetation [Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998], 9).The four elements listed by the Companion as characterizing the method are: genetic questions-questions about the authorship, sources and development of the books of the Bible; original meaning-the attempt to find
The Interesting Influence of Nanosprings on the Viscoelasticity of Elastomeric Polymer Materials: Simulation and Experiment (2012)

Abstract Among all carbon nanostructured materials, helical nanosprings or nanocoils have attracted particular interest as a result of their special mechanical behavior. Here, carbon nanosprings are used to adjust the viscoelasticity and reduce the resulting hysteresis loss (HL) of elastomeric polymer materials. Two types of nanospring‐filled elastomer composites are constructed as follows: system I is obtained by directly blending polymer chains with nanosprings; system II is composed of the self‐assembly of a tri‐block structure such as chain‐nanospring‐chain. Coarse‐grained molecular dynamics simulations show that the incorporation of nanosprings can improve the mechanical strength of the elastomer matrix through nanoreinforcement and considerably decrease the hysteresis loss. This finding is significant for reducing fuel consumption and improving fuel efficiency in the automobile tire industry. Furthermore, it is revealed that the spring constant of nanosprings and the interfacial chemical coupling between chains and nanosprings both play crucial roles in adjusting the viscoelasticity of elastomers. It is inferred that elastomer/carbon nanostructured materials with good flexibility and reversible mechanical response (carbon nanosprings, nanocoils, nanorings, and thin graphene sheets) have both excellent mechanical and low HL properties; this may open a new avenue for fabrication of high performance automobile tires and facilitate the large‐scale industrial application of these materials.
Mechanical assembly with data glove devices (2002)

Virtual manufacturing is a new multi-discipline research area. It immerses operators in virtual workcells and develops virtual reality and augmented design tools for the purpose of improving the efficiency and quality of manufacturing systems. This paper presents an approach of using data glove devices to create three-dimensional interfaces for object-manipulation and task-specification in virtual manufacturing applications such as mechanical assembly.
A decline in myometrial nitric oxide synthase expression is associated with labor and delivery. (1997)

The mechanisms that maintain relative uterine quiescence during pregnancy remain largely unknown. A possible role for nitric oxide has recently emerged, however, the expression of nitric oxide synthase within human myometrium at midgestation, a time when the uterus is normally quiescent, has not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to identify cell types in human myometrium that contain inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and to examine changes in its expression during pregnancy and labor. We found that iNOS is expressed in smooth muscle cells of pregnant myometrium. Expression of iNOS was highest in myometrium of preterm not-in-labor patients. At term, iNOS expression fell by 75%, and was barely detectable in preterm in-labor or term in-labor specimens. There was no staining in the myocytes of nonpregnant myometrium. Western blotting also revealed a similar pattern of changes in iNOS expression. In summary, iNOS expression in the myocytes of human myometrium is increased greatly during pregnancy, and declines towards term or with labor. Significantly, preterm inlabor patients also had a large decline in iNOS expression. These data suggest that changes in myometrial iNOS expression may participate in the regulation of uterine activity during human pregnancy.
Influence of body temperature on the development of fatigue during prolonged exercise in the heat (1999)

We investigated whether fatigue during prolonged exercise in uncompensable hot environments occurred at the same critical level of hyperthermia when the initial value and the rate of increase in body temperature are altered. To examine the effect of initial body temperature [esophageal temperature (Tes) = 35.9 +/- 0.2, 37.4 +/- 0. 1, or 38.2 +/- 0.1 (SE) degrees C induced by 30 min of water immersion], seven cyclists (maximal O2 uptake = 5.1 +/- 0.1 l/min) performed three randomly assigned bouts of cycle ergometer exercise (60% maximal O2 uptake) in the heat (40 degrees C) until volitional exhaustion. To determine the influence of rate of heat storage (0.10 vs. 0.05 degrees C/min induced by a water-perfused jacket), four cyclists performed two additional exercise bouts, starting with Tes of 37.0 degrees C. Despite different initial temperatures, all subjects fatigued at an identical level of hyperthermia (Tes = 40. 1-40.2 degrees C, muscle temperature = 40.7-40.9 degrees C, skin temperature = 37.0-37.2 degrees C) and cardiovascular strain (heart rate = 196-198 beats/min, cardiac output = 19.9-20.8 l/min). Time to exhaustion was inversely related to the initial body temperature: 63 +/- 3, 46 +/- 3, and 28 +/- 2 min with initial Tes of approximately 36, 37, and 38 degrees C, respectively (all P < 0.05). Similarly, with different rates of heat storage, all subjects reached exhaustion at similar Tes and muscle temperature (40.1-40.3 and 40. 7-40.9 degrees C, respectively), but with significantly different skin temperature (38.4 +/- 0.4 vs. 35.6 +/- 0.2 degrees C during high vs. low rate of heat storage, respectively, P < 0.05). Time to exhaustion was significantly shorter at the high than at the lower rate of heat storage (31 +/- 4 vs. 56 +/- 11 min, respectively, P < 0.05). Increases in heart rate and reductions in stroke volume paralleled the rise in core temperature (36-40 degrees C), with skin blood flow plateauing at Tes of approximately 38 degrees C. These results demonstrate that high internal body temperature per se causes fatigue in trained subjects during prolonged exercise in uncompensable hot environments. Furthermore, time to exhaustion in hot environments is inversely related to the initial temperature and directly related to the rate of heat storage.
The Tonight Show (2008)

Other| May 01 2008 The Tonight Show Jerry Williams Jerry Williams Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google the minnesota review (2008) 2008 (70): 27–28. https://doi.org/10.1215/00265667-2008-70-27 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Jerry Williams; The Tonight Show. the minnesota review 1 May 2008; 2008 (70): 27–28. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/00265667-2008-70-27 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll Journalsthe minnesota review Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. © 2008 the minnesota review2008 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal Issue Section: POETRY You do not currently have access to this content.
Optimization of rule-based systems using state space graphs (1998)

Embedded rule-based expert systems must satisfy stringent timing constraints when applied to real-time environments. The paper describes a novel approach to reduce the response time of rule-based expert systems. The optimization method is based on a construction of the reduced cycle-free finite state space graph. In contrast with traditional state space graph derivation, the optimization algorithm starts from the final states (fixed points) and gradually expands the state space graph until all of the states with a reachable fixed point are found. The new and optimized system is then synthesized from the constructed state space graph. The authors present several algorithms implementing the optimization method. They vary in complexity as well as in the usage of concurrency and state-equivalency-both targeted toward minimizing the size of the optimized state space graph. Though depending on the algorithm used, optimized rule-based systems: (1) in general have better response time in that they require fewer rule firings to reach the fixed point; (2) are stable, i.e., have no cycles that would result in the instability of execution; and (3) have no redundant rules. They also address the issue of deterministic execution and propose optimization algorithms that generate the rule-bases with single corresponding fixed points for every initial state. The synthesis method also determines the tight response time bound of the new system and can identify unstable states in the original rule-base.
Magnetic Properties of YBa2(Cu1−xNix)3O7−δ (1990)

The influence of Ni substituted for Cu in YBa2Cu3O7−δ on the intra- and intergrain properties is studied. All intragrain critical parameters are gradually degraded with increasing concentration x of nickel. On the contrary, the intergrain critical current at H = 0 A/m is the same for all x in the concentration regime 0 ≦ x ≦ 0.09. It is, therefore, concluded that the amount of impurity phases or defects incorporating nickel increases with x and locates mainly inside grains, deteriorating the intragrain critical parameters. [Russian Text Ignored].
Improved Insulated Rail Joints for High Tonnage Lines with Heavy-Axle Loads (2007)

This article addresses research into methods of improving insulated joints that provide track circuitry and detect rail breaks as well as controlling signal traffic blocks. While the current design has been in place for about 100 years, steadily increasing tonnage of rail traffic has diminished the insulation’s longevity and efficacy. Some of the factors contributing to the problems with insulated joints include poor configuration, degradation of epoxy due to environmental factors, as well as the load. Researchers tried a number of additional components and configurations to bolster the joint design. Some of these included high modulus bars, warp-around bar joints, thicker rail webbing, better materials, and better overall configuration. Better surface preparation for the steel surface to improve the epoxy bond was investigated as well.
Equation of state for thermodynamic properties of fluids (1975)

This equation of state was developed from <i>PVT</i> compressibility data on methane and ethane. The highly-constrained form originates on a given liquid-vapor coexistence boundary (described by equations for the vapor pressures and the orthobaric densities). It then requires only five least-squares coefficients, and ensures a qualitatively correct behavior of the <i>P</i>(<i>ρ</i>, <i>T</i>) surface and of its derivatives, especially about the critical point. This nonanalytic equation yields a maximum in the specific heats <i>C</i> <sub><i>υ</i></sub> (<i>ρ</i>, <i>T</i>) a t the critical point.
Fabrication of high-mobility Ge <i>p</i> -channelMOSFETs on Si substrates (1999)

The first fabrication of Ge p-channel MOSFETs (p-MOSFETs) on Si substrates is reported. A CMOS compatible process based on relaxed Ge layers grown on Si(111) substrates by surfactant-mediated epitaxy (SME) was used. The non-optimised low temperature process yielded normally-off Ge p-MOSFETs with record channel drift mobilities of 430 cm2/Vs.
Top-Down Network Design (2004)

A systems analysis approach to enterprise network design Master techniques for checking the health of an existing network to develop a baseline for measuring performance of a new network design Explore solutions for meeting QoS requirements, including ATM traffic management, IETF controlled-load and guaranteed services, IP multicast, and advanced switching, queuing, and routing algorithms Develop network designs that provide the high bandwidth and low delay required for real-time applications such as multimedia, distance learning, and videoconferencing Identify the advantages and disadvantages of various switching and routing protocols, including transparent bridging, Inter-Switch Link (ISL), IEEE 802.1Q, IGRP, EIGRP, OSPF, and BGP4 Effectively incorporate new technologies into enterprise network designs, including VPNs, wireless networking, and IP Telephony Top-Down Network Design, Second Edition, is a practical and comprehensive guide to designing enterprise networks that are reliable, secure, and manageable. Using illustrations and real-world examples, it teaches a systematic method for network design that can be applied to campus LANs, remote-access networks, WAN links, and large-scale internetworks. You will learn to analyze business and technical requirements, examine traffic flow and QoS requirements, and select protocols and technologies based on performance goals. You will also develop an understanding of network performance factors such as network utilization, throughput, accuracy, efficiency, delay, and jitter. Several charts and job aids will help you apply a top-down approach to network design. This Second Edition has been revised to include new and updated material on wireless networks, virtual private networks (VPNs), network security, network redundancy, modularity in network designs, dynamic addressing for IPv4 and IPv6, new network design and management tools, Ethernet scalability options (including 10-Gbps Ethernet, Metro Ethernet, and Long-Reach Ethernet), and networks that carry voice and data traffic. Top-Down Network Design, Second Edition, has a companion website at http://www.topdownbook.com, which includes updates to the book, links to white papers, and supplemental information about design resources. This book is part of the Networking Technology Series from Cisco Press which offers networking professionals valuable information for constructing efficient networks, understanding new technologies, and building successful careers.
부산 용호만에서 선박용 X-band 레이더에 의한 쇄파의 원격 모니터링 (2012)

This paper describes the remote monitoring of breaking ocean waves generated by Typhoon Nabi, whose name means butterfly in Korean, using a marine X-band radar in the Yongho Man, Busan, Korea. The basic purpose of this study is to investigate the dynamic behavior and to estimate the periods of breaking waves across the surf zone from radar image sequences. In these experiments, the land-based radar system imaged the inshore zone of three miles from the coastline to a isobath of 30 meters. The wave period and the dominant wave direction for breaking ocean waves extracted directly from radar image sequences were 157.4 meters and 298 degrees, respectively. However, the result calculated quantitatively by the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) showed that the period of breaking waves was 154.3 meters. The average difference in breaking wave periods between the value extracted by using EBRL (electronic bearing and range line) of radar and the calculated value by CWT was 3.1 meters, showing that the CWT method is also accurate. These results suggest that a marine X-band radar system is a viable method of monitoring the breaking ocean waves.
Distributed shared memory systems with improved barrier synchronization and data transfer (1997)

This paper introduces an efficient barrier synchronization algorithm based on the binomial spanning tree (BST) and proposes a data transfer reduction technique for distributed shared memory systems under release consistency. The introduced BST-based barrier algorithm parallelizes and distributes the workload amongs participating processors, alleviating network contention and yielding less retransmission.
Recent Progress in Computational Imaging Through Turbid Media (2014)

불규칙 매체를 투과하는 광학적 이미징 시스템은 피부나 생물학적 조직등의 내부를 비침습적 이미징 기법을 사용해 관찰할 수 있게 해줄 것으로 큰 기대를 받고 있다. 불규칙 매체를 통한 이미징은 대개 불규칙 매체의 투과 특성을 전달 행렬로 모델링 및 측정하고, 측정된 전달 행렬을 사용하여 이미지를 복구하는 방식을 사용한다. 이러한 전달 행렬 기반의 이미징 방법은 많은 양의 데이터를 측정 하고 후 신호 처리를 해야 한다는 어려움을 가지고 있다. 최근에는, 이 데이터 획득 문제를 압축센싱이라는 방법을 사용해 해결할 수 있다는 결과들이 있었다. 압축센싱은 상대적으로 새로운 신호 획득 및 복구 체계로써 아주 적은 양의 신호 측정만으로도 신호를 정확하게 복구해 낼 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 불규칙 매체를 통과하는 이미징에서의 전달 행렬 기반의 이미지 복구 방법이 검토되며, 또한 압축센싱을 사용한 최신 연구 동향을 소개하고자 한다. It is expected that the techniques of optical imaging through turbid media enables non-invasive imaging through human skin and biological tissues. In recent years, many researches have shown that imaging through turbid media can be made possible by measuring the transmission matrix (TM) of the turbid medium and utilizing it for image recovery. However, this TM based image recovery requires a huge amount of data acquisition and post signal processing of them. Very recently, there were new results that this problem of huge data acquisition and processing can be resolved by using the compressed sensing (CS) framework. CS is a relatively new signal acquisition and reconstruction framework which makes possible to recover the signal of interest correctly with significantly smaller number of signal measurements. In this paper, the TM-based image recovery in imaging through turbid media is reviewed and the recent progress made by using CS is introduced.
P1‐131: Suspected Alzheimer's disease with negative pittsburgh compound‐B positron emission tomography (2009)

Pittsburgh Compound-B (PIB) is a radiotracer which specifically binds to beta amyloid plaques in the brain. Positron emission tomography (PET) using PIB has been shown to be a very sensitive neuroimaging marker for Alzheimer's disease. Studies using PIB show that about 20% of normal elderly has amyloid deposits in the brain. However, PIB-negative Alzheimer cases have not yet been reported. We have experienced case series in which Alzheimer's disease was clinically suspected but their PIB-PET scan was negative. Alzheimer's disease was diagnosed based on NINCDS-ADRDA criteria. Clinical records were reviewed. Brain MRI including 3-D volumetry was done. Two of the subjects had F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET. To confirm the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, C-11-PIB-PET was performed. Three male and one female patients showed progressive cognitive decline, particularly episodic memory loss, and were diagnosed as clinically probable Alzheimer's disease based on NINCDS-ADRDA criteria. The age range was from 70 to 86 years. C-11-PIB-PET of the brain as a confirmatory test was negative with no demonstration of cortical PIB binding. In all of the cases, medial temporal atrophy was evident on brain MRI. There was no significant subcortical vascular lesion. F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET was done in two of them, demonstrating decreased glucose uptake in multiple cortical areas in addition to bilateral temporoparietal hypometabolism. In all of the patients, disease duration was rather long relative to dementia severity. These subjects fulfilling the clinical criteria for Alzheimer's disease had normal C-11-PIB at baseline. Further follow-up studies including repeat PIB-PET and other biomarkers such as CSF tau or Abeta42 are needed to answer the questions as to whether these cases are atypical Alzheimer's disease or non-Alzheimer type dementia.
Comparison of electromigration phenomenon between aluminum interconnection of various multilayered materials (2003)

The electromigration characteristics of a multilayered system were found to be divided into three stages. The mechanism leading to the stages is discussed in terms of the process of microvoid growth during the electromigration stressing and is correlated with the amount of Si precipitation and the size of the grain boundary of Al films, the reaction layer at the interface, and the resistivity of the barrier metal. The experiments were carried out for MoSi, TiN, and TiW film deposited on oxidized Si
Measurement of trace gas fluxes using tunable diode laser spectroscopy (1995)

Abstract A fast-response, high precision, tunable diode laser spectrometer has been developed for field measurements of methane and nitrous oxide fluxes using the eddy correlation method. The instrument uses a novel multiple-pass absorption cell with astigmatic mirrors to provide a long absorption path length (36 m) in a small volume (0.3 l). The combination permits rapid response with sufficient sensitivity for eddy correlation flux measurements over a wide range of meteorological conditions. Signal processing uses a least-squares fitting algorithm to determine absolute trace gas concentrations directly from the absorption spectra using spectral line parameters at data rates up to 20 Hz. The precision for methane and nitrous oxide is 0.1% of ambient levels with a 1 s averaging time. Extensions of the method to measurements of surface-reactive gases such as nitric acid and ammonia are possible using rapid sampling techniques to minimize surface interactions.