gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Massive Formation of Intracellular Membrane Vesicles in Escherichia coli by a Monotopic Membrane-bound Lipid Glycosyltransferase (2009)

The morphology and curvature of biological bilayers are determined by the packing shapes and interactions of their participant molecules. Bacteria, except photosynthetic groups, usually lack intracellular membrane organelles. Strong overexpression in Escherichia coli of a foreign monotopic glycosyltransferase (named monoglycosyldiacylglycerol synthase), synthesizing a nonbilayer-prone glucolipid, induced massive formation of membrane vesicles in the cytoplasm. Vesicle assemblies were visualized in cytoplasmic zones by fluorescence microscopy. These have a very low buoyant density, substantially different from inner membranes, with a lipid content of > or = 60% (w/w). Cryo-transmission electron microscopy revealed cells to be filled with membrane vesicles of various sizes and shapes, which when released were mostly spherical (diameter approximately 100 nm). The protein repertoire was similar in vesicle and inner membranes and dominated by the glycosyltransferase. Membrane polar lipid composition was similar too, including the foreign glucolipid. A related glycosyltransferase and an inactive monoglycosyldiacylglycerol synthase mutant also yielded membrane vesicles, but without glucolipid synthesis, strongly indicating that vesiculation is induced by the protein itself. The high capacity for membrane vesicle formation seems inherent in the glycosyltransferase structure, and it depends on the following: (i) lateral expansion of the inner monolayer by interface binding of many molecules; (ii) membrane expansion through stimulation of phospholipid synthesis, by electrostatic binding and sequestration of anionic lipids; (iii) bilayer bending by the packing shape of excess nonbilayer-prone phospholipid or glucolipid; and (iv) potentially also the shape or penetration profile of the glycosyltransferase binding surface. These features seem to apply to several other proteins able to achieve an analogous membrane expansion.
Secret Key Establishment Using Temporally and Spatially Correlated Wireless Channel Coefficients (2010)

When implementing data encryption and decryption in a symmetric cryptosystem, secure distribution of the secret key to legitimate nodes can be a challenge. In this paper, we consider establishing secret keys using the common wireless channel, with particular emphasis on the spatial and temporal correlations of the channel coefficients. Specifically, we investigate the influence of channel correlation on the bound of the key size generated from the common channel using a simple single-input single-output channel model, and we verify the existence of a sampling approach able to generate a key using the minimum possible sampling window. We also explore decorrelation of the channel coefficients in a multiple-input multiple-output channel, and we use a statistical independence test to demonstrate that this process cannot be separated into spatial and temporal decorrelation processes. The insights gained from these studies assist in the development of a practical key generation protocol based on a published channel coefficient quantization method and incorporating flexible quantization levels, transmission of the correlation eigenvector matrix, and LDPC coding to improve key agreement in an authenticated public channel. Finally, we present simulations with real channel measurements that solidify the fundamental conclusions.
Improving the Effectiveness of Physician Participation in Local Quality Improvement Efforts (2002)

The authors present five success factors for medical students, residents, and fellows to consider when engaged in quality improvement projects: (1) add value, not work; (2) start small and build; (3) move quickly; (4) adapt, innovate, and collaborate; (5) produce understandable results. Using examples from the Veterans Affairs National Quality Scholars Fellowship Program, they describe how these factors were used successfully. While not the only steps to take, these critical success factors proved helpful in defining the problem to be addressed, engaging leadership, and anticipating the resolution of conflict.
Resting-State Functional Connectivity Indexes Reading Competence in Children and Adults (2011)

Task-based neuroimaging studies face the challenge of developing tasks capable of equivalently probing reading networks across different age groups. Resting-state fMRI, which requires no specific task, circumvents these difficulties. Here, in 25 children (8-14 years) and 25 adults (21-46 years), we examined the extent to which individual differences in reading competence can be related to resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) of regions implicated in reading. In both age groups, reading standard scores correlated positively with RSFC between the left precentral gyrus and other motor regions, and between Broca's and Wernicke's areas. This suggests that, regardless of age group, stronger coupling among motor regions, as well as between language/speech regions, subserves better reading, presumably reflecting automatized articulation. We also observed divergent RSFC-behavior relationships in children and adults, particularly those anchored in the left fusiform gyrus (FFG) (the visual word form area). In adults, but not children, better reading performance was associated with stronger positive correlations between FFG and phonology-related regions (Broca's area and the left inferior parietal lobule), and with stronger negative relationships between FFG and regions of the "task-negative" default network. These results suggest that both positive RSFC (functional coupling) between reading regions and negative RSFC (functional segregation) between a reading region and default network regions are important for automatized reading, characteristic of adult readers. Together, our task-independent RSFC findings highlight the importance of appreciating developmental changes in the neural correlates of reading competence, and suggest that RSFC may serve to facilitate the identification of reading disorders in different age groups.
Abstract 5354: HPV-16 E7 oncoprotein induces centriole multiplication through deregulation of PLK4, a master regulator of centriole biogenesis (2010)

Abstract Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated neoplasms exhibit abnormal centrosome and centriole numbers that can cause mitotic defects, chromosome missegregation and aneuploidy. Centrosomes are the major microtubule-organizing centers in most mammalian cells and orchestrate the formation of mitotic spindle poles. The centrosome consists of a pair of centrioles that normally duplicate precisely once prior to mitosis. The HPV-16 E7 oncoprotein has been found to rapidly stimulate centriole overduplication within a single cell division cycle, thereby increasing the risk for cell division errors. We discovered that this activity of the HPV-16 E7 oncoprotein involves the concurrent formation of multiple daughter centrioles at single maternal centrioles (centriole multiplication). We found that deregulated cyclin E/cyclin dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) activity, as occurs following HPV-16 E7 oncoprotein expression, leads to the aberrant recruitment of polo-like kinase 4 (PLK4) to maternal centrioles, which is subsequently degraded by the SCF ubiqutin ligase complex. These and several other results underscore that the level of PLK4 at maternal centrioles is rate-limiting for centriole multiplication. Hence, we asked whether the HPV-16 E7 oncoprotein can alter PLK4 expression and/or localization. We found aberrant PLK4 protein expression at maternal centrioles in primary human keratinocytes engineered to stably express HPV-16 E7. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR revealed an increase in PLK4 transcription in keratinocytes stably expressing HPV-16 E7. The ability of HPV-16 E7 to upregulate PLK4 mRNA was found to depend on its ability to degrade the retinoblastoma (pRb) protein, suggesting a role of E2F-mediated gene transcription in deregulation of PLK4. Collectively, these results highlight the critical role of PLK4 as a regulator of centriole biogenesis and identify PLK4 as a novel target for small molecules to prevent centriole abnormalities, mitotic infidelity and malignant progression in HPV-associated neoplasms. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5354.
Real time observation of binder jetting printing process using high-speed X-ray imaging (2019)

A high-speed synchrotron X-ray imaging technique was used to investigate the binder jetting additive manufacturing (AM) process. A commercial binder jetting printer with droplet-on-demand ink-jet print-head was used to print single lines on powder beds. The printing process was recorded in real time using high-speed X-ray imaging. The ink-jet droplets showed distinct elongated shape with spherical head, long tail, and three to five trailing satellite droplets. Significant drift was observed between the impact points of main droplet and satellite droplets. The impact of the droplet on the powder bed caused movement and ejection of the powder particles. The depth of disturbance in the powder bed from movement and ejection was defined as interaction depth, which is found to be dependent on the size, shape, and material of the powder particles. For smaller powder particles (diameter less than 10 μm), three consecutive binder droplets were observed to coalesce to form large agglomerates. The observations reported here will facilitate the understanding of underlying physics that govern the binder jetting processes, which will then help in improving the quality of parts manufactured using this AM process.
Melanin-Concentrating Hormone Stimulates the Release of Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone and Gonadotropins in the Female Rat Acting at Both Median Eminence and Pituitary Levels1 (2001)

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) acts directly on the median eminence and on the anterior pituitary of female rats regulating LHRH and gonadotropin release. In addition, immunohistochemistry was used to examine the density and distribution of MCH-immunoreactive fibers in the median eminence of proestrous rats. MCH-immunoreactive fibers were found in both the internal and external layers of the median eminence and in close association with hypophysial portal vessels. In the first series of in vitro experiments, median eminences and anterior pituitaries were incubated in Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer containing two MCH concentrations (10(-10) and 10(-8) M). The lowest MCH concentration (10(-10) M) increased (P < 0.01) LHRH release only from proestrous median eminences. Anterior pituitaries incubated with both MCH concentrations also showed that 10(-10) M MCH increased gonadotropin release only from proestrous pituitaries. In the second series of experiments, median eminences and pituitaries from proestrous rats were incubated with graded concentrations of MCH. MCH (10(-10) and 10(-9) M) increased (P < 0.01) LHRH release from the median eminence, and only 10(-10) M MCH increased (P < 0.01) LH and FSH release from the anterior pituitary. The effect of MCH on the stimulation of both gonadotropins from proestrous pituitaries was similar to the effect produced by LHRH. Simultaneous incubation of pituitaries with MCH and LHRH did not modify LH but increased the FSH release induced by LHRH. The present results suggest that MCH could be involved in the regulation of preovulatory gonadotropin secretion.
State-space average Modeling of DC-DC Converters with parasitic in Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM) (2010)

Discontinuous Conduction Mode occurs due to low load current operation of converters which employ current or voltage unidirectional switches.The switching ripples in inductor current or capacitor voltage causes the polarity to reverse of the applied switch current or voltage and thus a zero current mode is reached. Nowadays, converters are so designed,to operate in DCM for all loads due to its higher efficiency and lower losses.In this thesis, we have derived the Reduced Order & Full Order Averaged Models for the Buck and Boost configuration of converters. Also we calculated the output transfer function of boost converter which can be further utilized for designing of controller. Then, parasites effects have been taken into account for Boost Converter and accordingly, its various transfer functions (Control, Output Impedance, etc.) and various bode diagram have been plotted and compared with ideal cases.
Sentiment Classification and Polarity Shifting (2010)

Polarity shifting marked by various linguistic structures has been a challenge to automatic sentiment classification. In this paper, we propose a machine learning approach to incorporate polarity shifting information into a document-level sentiment classification system. First, a feature selection method is adopted to automatically generate the training data for a binary classifier on polarity shifting detection of sentences. Then, by using the obtained binary classifier, each document in the original polarity classification training data is split into two partitions, polarity-shifted and polarity-unshifted, which are used to train two base classifiers respectively for further classifier combination. The experimental results across four different domains demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach. 1
The Linear Randomized Response Model (1971)

Abstract A general linear randomized response model is established with estimates and variances obtained through analogy with familiar linear regression models. All existing randomized response procedures are shown to be special cases of this more general model. Some competing procedures are suggested by the applicability of the model for multivariate mixes of randomized and non-randomized response using either discrete or continuous random variables. Some additional applications are suggested by the applicability of the model for situations where the data have already been collected by some agency but where there are disclosure restrictions.
Cytotoxic Activity of Labdane Type Diterpenes Against Human Leukemic Cell Lines<i>in vitro</i> (1998)

Nine labdane type diterpenes isolated from the plant Cistus creticus subsp. creticus and from the resin "Ladano" which is excreted on the surface of the leaves and stems of this plant, were examined for their in vitro cytotoxic activity against 14 human leukemic cell lines. Compound 1, (13E)-labd-13-ene-8α,15-diol, exhibited cytotoxic activity against 13 of the cell lines tested, while compound 2, (13E)-labd-7,13-dienol, was active only against HL60 cells. Further compound 1 was examined for its effect on the uptake of [3 H]-thymidine as a marker of DNA synthesis.
Worldwide early detection of cervical cancer. (1984)

Data available to the World Health Organization on frequency of cancers of the cervix in developing countries are incomplete and fragmentary. There are many indications that cancers of the cervix represent problems of a public health dimension in these countries. With a few exceptions, screening efforts are low-volume institution-based cytology services reaching limited segments of the female population. On the other hand, the recognized risk factors for cancer of the cervix are widely prevalent in developing countries. Cultural and educational constraints often bar women from seeking medical attention. Diagnostic and treatment facilities, particularly radiotherapy, and all levels of trained staff have been insufficient to permit screening programs for cancers of the cervix. Development of future programs must ensure their integration into existing health infrastructures.
TRACKING OF MIGRATING GLIOMA CELLS IN FEATURE SPACE (2007)

A new approach for tracking cell migration by performing tracking task in a blob feature space instead of the original image is proposed. The feature space is obtained through multi-scale blob detection, where the bright modes correspond to cells in the original image. Mode seeking is realized using a mean shift algorithm. Besides cell tracking, the method considers cell disappearing, appearing from the view, cell splitting and merging as well, the events that frequently happen in an image sequence. Results obtained from a real dataset indicate that the method performs well and with an acceptable speed. The method provides a useful tool for tracking cell migration automatically.
Protein and Amino Acid Needs of the Strength Athlete (1991)

The debate regarding optimal protein/amino acid needs of strength athletes is an old one. Recent evidence indicates that actual requirements are higher than those of more sedentaty individuals, although this is not widely recognized. Some data even suggest that high protein/amino acid diets can enhance the development of muscle mass and strength when combined with heavy resistance exercise training. Novices may have higher needs than experienced strength athletes, and substantial interindividual variability exists. Perhaps the most important single factor determining absolute protein/amino acid need is the adequacy of energy intake. Present data indicate that strength athletes should consume approximately 12-15% of their daily total energy intake as protein, or about 1.5-2.0 g protein/ (approximately 188-250% of the U.S. recommended dietary allowance). Although routinely consumed by many strength athletes, higher protein intakes have not been shown to be consistency effective and may even be associated with some health risks.
Functionality and usability (1987)

Instead of limiting functionality, usability complements functionality. It affects how and with what effectiveness a system is used, and even whether or not it is used at all.
Pooled shRNA Screenings: Experimental Approach (2012)

RNA interference (RNAi) has emerged as a powerful genetic strategy to functionally interrogate the entire genome by loss-of-function studies. In the last years, several arrayed shRNA libraries that can silence almost all the human genome have been developed. The generation of new and more efficient shRNA plasmids has allowed performing genetic screens in a pooled fashion and provides the opportunity to investigate the entire genome finding relevant genes to any biological process. In this chapter, the pipeline and methods to perform a pooled shRNA screen are discussed.
Adaptive optical processor: errata (1983)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text A. VanderLugt, "Adaptive optical processor: errata," Appl. Opt. 22, 381-382 (1983) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
[A21-Asparaginimide] Insulin. Saponification of Insulin Hexamethyl Ester, I (1977)

[Asn A21]Insulin is formed as the main product during alkaline saponification of insulin hexamethyl ester. Purification was achieved by gel chromatography followed by ion-exchange chromatography on carboxymethyl cellulose at pH 4 or by preparative isoelectric focusing in a granulated gel over a narrow pH range. Two main products could be isolated. One of them showed the electrophoretic behaviour of insulin (A), whilst the other corresponded to insulin with a blocked carboxyl function (B). Incubation of this product B with carboxypeptidase A liberated only the C-terminal alanine of the B-chain, but not the asparagine of the C-terminus of the A-chain. Chymotryptic digestion of the isolated S-sulfonate A-chain derivative (C) followed by high-voltage electrophoresis confirmed that the carboxyl function of asparagine A21 was blocked. In order to determine the free carboxyl functions of the A-chain derivative C, it was coupled with glycine methyl ester yielding D. Amino acid analysis of the chymotryptic peptides of D showed that the carboxyl functions of glutamic acid A4 and A17 had been free prior to coupling. The amino acid analysis of the enzymatic hydrolysate (subtilisin, aminopeptidase M) of the A-chain derivative C showed an additional peak with an elution position identical to the model compound aminosuccinimide. The biological activity of the [Asm A21[insulin was found to be about 40% in the fat cell test and 13.2 units/mg measured by the mouse convulsion method.
CONVERSION OF ACETATE AND GLYOXYLATE TO MALATE<sup>1</sup> (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCONVERSION OF ACETATE AND GLYOXYLATE TO MALATE1Samuel J. AjlCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1956, 78, 13, 3230–3231Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01594a079https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01594a079research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views109Altmetric-Citations107LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Location-Based TDMA MAC for Reliable Aeronautical Communications (2012)

The growth of data traffic as air traffic increases is leading to bottlenecks. We propose a new time division multiple access (TDMA) protocol termed location-based TDMA (LBTM) to accommodate increasing data traffic and air-to-air communications. LBTM provides all three modes of communication: unicast, multicast, and broadcast. ACK needs a long guard time for reliable multicast in the aeronautical environment, because it is a long distance communication system. LBTM uses location information to overcome this problem. We can reduce the guard time of ACK and prevent collisions. In our scheme, multicast aircraft calculate ACK arrival time to ensure that ACKs arrive at the sender at different times. Therefore, LBTM reduces the amount of guard time of ACK and the total average time to complete a reliable multicast MAC request. This results in a significant increase in network utilization and throughput.