gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isomorphism testing for graphs of bounded genus (1980)

We present an algorithm which determines isomorphism of graphs in vO(g)steps where v is the number of vertices and g is the genus of the graphs. In [FMR 79] an algorithm was presented for embedding graph on surfaces of genus g in vO(g) steps. Here we show how to extend this algorithm to isomorphism testing for graphs of small genus. This result is noteworthy for at least two reasons. First, this extends the polynomial time isomorphism results for the plane [HT 72] and also the projective plane [L 80] to arbitrary surfaces. Second, this gives one of the few known natural decompositions of the isomorphism problem into an infinite hierarchy of problems Po,P1,... such that isomorphism testing of problems in P1 is decidable in time vO(i).
Radio Frquency Identification (RFID) Adoption Drivers: A Radical Innovation Adoption Perspective. (2005)

This study addresses an IOS (interorganizational system) adoption literature gap by proposing an integrative model of RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) adoption and incorporating the effect of perceived radicalness of technology in IOS adoption decisions. Three technological factors (perceived benefit, perceived costs and compatibility), four interorganizational pressure factors (competitive pressure, industry/regulatory pressure, net supply-chain exercised power and favorable transactional climate), three organizational readiness factors (top management support, financial readiness, IS infrastructure/capabilities) and three external environmental factors (standards stability, perceived consumer readiness and perceived stakeholder privacy) have been proposed as predictors of RFID adoption intent while perceived technology radicalness has been suggested as a potential moderator of the proposed relationships. The model was developed using existing IOS theories and constructs consistently found significant in IOS adoption studies. The model is supported using semi-structured interview data and news-report data. Testable hypotheses, methodology outline, and findings-implications discussion are presented.
High Performance Logistic Regression for Privacy-Preserving Genome Analysis (2020)

Abstract Background: In biomedical applications, valuable data is often split between owners who cannot openly share the data because of privacy regulations and concerns. Training Machine Learning models on the joint data without violating privacy is a major technology challenge that can be addressed by combining techniques from Machine Learning and cryptography. When collaboratively training Machine Learning models with the cryptographic technique named secure Multi-Party Computation, the price paid for keeping the data of the owners private is an increase in computational cost and runtime. A careful choice of Machine Learning techniques, algorithmic and implementation optimizations are a necessity to enable practical secure Machine Learning over distributed data sets. Such optimizations can be tailored to the kind of data and Machine Learning problem at hand. Methods: Our setup involves secure Two-Party Computation protocols, along with a trusted initializer that distributes correlated randomness to the two computing parties. We use a gradient descent based algorithm for training a logistic regression model, and we break down the algorithm into corresponding cryptographic protocols. Our main contributions are a new protocol for computing the activation function that requires neither secure comparison protocols nor Yao's garbled circuits, and a series of cryptographic engineering optimizations to improve the performance. Results: For our largest gene expression data set, we train a model that requires over 7 billion secure multiplications; the training completes in about 26.90 seconds in a local area network. The implementation in this work is a further optimized version of the implementation with which we won first place in Track 4 of the iDASH 2019 secure genome analysis competition. Conclusions: In this paper, we present a secure logistic regression training protocol and its implementation, with a new subprotocol to securely compute the activation function. To the best of our knowledge, we present the fastest existing secure Multi-Party Computation implementation for training logistic regression models on high dimensional genome data distributed across a local area network.
The P1 plasmid is segregated to daughter cells by a ‘capture and ejection’ mechanism coordinated with <i>Escherichia coli</i> cell division (2002)

The fate of the P1 plasmid of Escherichia coli was followed by time-lapse photomicroscopy. A GFP-ParB fusion marked the plasmid during partition (segregation) to daughter cells at slow growth rate. The process differs from that previously inferred from statistical analysis of fixed cells. A focus of plasmid copies is captured at the cell centre. Immediately before cell division, the copies eject bidirectionally along the long axis of the cell. Cell division traps one or more plasmid copies in each daughter. They are not directed to a prescribed position but are free to move, associate and disassociate. Later, they are captured to the new cell centre to restart the cycle. A null P1 par mutant associates to form a focus, but it is neither captured nor ejected. A dominant negative ParB protein forms a plasmid focus that attaches to the cell centre but never ejects. It remains captive at the centre and blocks host cell division. The cells elongate. Eventually the intact focus is pushed to one side and the cells divide simultaneously in several places at the same time. This suggests that the wild-type plasmid imposes a regulatory node on the host cell cycle, preventing cell division until its own segregation is completed.
Maximizing Infection Prevention in the Next Decade: Defining the Unacceptable (2010)

An important role of public health agencies is to define the unacceptable. This concept has particular relevance for healthcare‐associated infections. Evidence indicates that, with focused efforts, these once‐formidable infections can be greatly reduced in number, leading to a 'new normal' for healthcare‐associated infections as rare, unacceptable events.
A 5-Year Longitudinal Study of the Mini-Mental State Examination in Normal Aging (1997)

The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) measures global cognitive performance and is often used as a screening test for dementia. This paper presents a 5-year longitudinal study of the MMSE score in a sample of 2,537 non-demented French community residents aged 65 years and older who were participants in the Paquid Study in 1988-1992. Subjects were evaluated at the baseline visit (T0) and 1 year (T1), 3 years (T3), and 5 years (T5) later. Analyses performed with a random effects linear model showed that the score rose between T0 and T1 (by 0.60 points for subjects aged 65 years at T0 to 0.83 points for subjects aged 85 years at T0), then it decreased very slightly between T1 and T5 (by 0.02 points for subjects aged 65 years to 0.57 points for subjects aged 85 years). The improvement during the first year, which was larger for less educated subjects, may be explained by the stress due to the test situation at T0 or by a learning effect at T1. The decline during the last 4 years was more pronounced for older and less well educated subjects. The cross-sectional measure of age effect was larger than the longitudinal measure of time effect. This difference may be explained by a cohort effect or by a practice effect induced by repetition of the test. The authors conclude that the MMSE score declines very slightly in non-demented subjects, thus suggesting that the cognitive processes involved are spared by the aging process. These results may have implications for dementia screening.
New orthogonal transform for image compression (2002)

A new orthogonal transform called simplified cosine transform (SCT) is developed for transform image coding systems. The SCT is obtained by replacing the even part of the discrete cosine transform (DCT) matrix with a simple structure orthogonal matrix which can be computed using only additions and binary shifts. Tests show that the order-8 SCT performs very close to the DCT and integer cosine transform (ICT) but that the order-16 performs slightly worse than other transforms. When the adjacent element correlation coefficient is equal to 0.95, the order-8 SCT performs better than ICT. Implementation of an order-N SCT needs 0.25N(log/sub 2/N-1) multiplications and (0.25Nlog/sub 2/N-1) binary shifts more than those of the DCT and ICT. The increase in the number of binary shifts is moderate, and the overall savings in the number of operations for SCT is considerable.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
First detection of group C rotavirus in patients with gastroenteritis in Slovenia (2006)

Group C rotaviruses are associated with sporadic gastroenteritis and outbreaks of diarrhea in children and adults worldwide. Three cases with group C rotavirus infection are described, and the molecular characterization of the gene for the major capsid protein VP6 is reported. Patients described in this report were 10 years old or more and had mild to moderate clinical symptoms. A high nucleotide (>98%) and amino acid (100%) identity was observed among all three isolated Slovenian group C rotavirus strains. The similar identity is confirmed of Slovenian strains with other human group C rotavirus isolates, which were seen to cluster separately from the animal group C rotavirus isolates by a phylogenetic analysis. This is the first report of group C rotavirus detection in Slovenia.
Performance of simple cross-interleaved Reed-Solomon decoding strategies for compact disc players (1988)

ABSTRACT The complexity and performance of three simple error detection and correction strategies frequently used for the decoding of the cross-interleaved Reed-Solomon codes in digital compact disc ( CD) are compared. It is assumed that the number of byte errors in the input codeword is always a multiple of l a positive integer. By varying l from 1 to 32, the random to burst error performance of the various strategies is obtained. Specifically, it is shown that unless random errors are the main cause of concern, the best strategies seem to be those using erasure corrections. The results presented will be useful for deciding the decoding strategies to be adopted for CD players as well as in potential applications such as optical mass storage devices using the CD format
Cys209 Ser mutation in the platelet membrane glycoprotein ibα gene is associated with Bernard‐Soulier syndrome (1994)

Molecular genetic analysis has been performed on a patient with Bernard-Soulier syndrome (BSS). The patient had characteristically giant platelets and was deficient in the glycoprotein (GP) Ib/IX/V complex, the von Willebrand factor (vWf) receptor on platelets. Previous studies with monoclonal antibodies directed against GP Ib alpha (CD 42b) and GP IX (CD 42a) demonstrated the absence of GP Ib alpha and presence of small amounts of GP IX on the surface of the patient's platelets. In this study the presence of GP V (CD 42d) is also demonstrated. This indicates a defect in the alpha-subunit of glycoprotein Ib. Therefore polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplification of the genomic DNA coding for GP Ib alpha was performed. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the entire coding region of GP Ib alpha revealed a homozygous single base pair mutation T-->A, leading to a single amino acid substitution cysteine-->serine at position 209 of the mature protein. We took advantage of the Mse I target site in the mutant allele, created by the T-->A mutation, to analyse all available family members. PCR-ASRA (allele-specific restriction enzyme analysis) using the restriction enzyme Mse I, revealed the heterozygosity of the mother and the two children of the patient, whereas homozygosity of the patient for the Cys209Ser mutation was confirmed. The sister of the patient was not found to be a carrier of the mutant allele. The mutation identified in the family studied, responsible for the deficiency of the GP Ib/IX/V complex, suggests that the cysteine at amino acid position 209 may be involved in disulphide bonding.
Structure and function of the extracellular calcium-sensing receptor (Review). (1999)

The extracellular calcium-sensing receptor (CaR) originally cloned from bovine parathyroid gland is a G protein-coupled receptor. The physiological relevance of the cloned CaR for sensing and regulating the extracellular calcium concentration has been established by identifying hyper- and hypocalcemic disorders resulting from inactivating and activating mutations, respectively, in the CaR. The cloned CaR has been stably or transiently expressed in human embryonic kidney cells and significant progress has been made in elucidating its biochemical and functional features using physiological, biochemical and molecular biological methods. A large collection of naturally occurring CaR mutations offers a valuable resource for studies aimed at understanding the structure-function relationships of the receptor, including receptor-receptor interactions. In turn, characterization of these naturally occurring mutations has clarified the pathogenesis of clinical conditions involving abnormalities in the CaR, such as familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia and neonatal severe hyperparathyroidism, and the physiology of certain cell types, such as keratinocytes.
Velocity and density of oil-HC-CO<sub>2</sub> miscible mixtures (2013)

Due to differences in basic physical properties between CO2 and hydrocarbon gases (HC) and oils, CO2 has a significant impact on velocity and density of oil-HC-CO2 miscible mixtures. We present measured velocity and density of oil-HC-CO2 mixture at conditions of temperature from 40 to 100°C, pressure from 20 to 100MPa, and GOR up to 300L/L. Based on experimental data, preliminary velocity and density models for oil-HC-CO2 miscible mixture are proposed.
Understanding and measurement of muscle tone as related to clinical muscle pain (1998)

Measurable sources of muscle tension include viscoelastic tone, physiological contracture (neither of which involve motor unit action potentials), voluntary contraction, and muscle spasm (which we define as involuntary muscle contraction). The latter two depend on motor unit action potentials to generate the tension. Total muscle tension is most accurately measured as stiffness. Thixotropy of muscle is an ubiquitous and functionally important phenomenon that is not commonly recognized. A clinical pain condition associated with increased muscle tension is tension-type headache, which is largely muscular in origin; it is often caused by myofascial trigger points, but not by a pain-spasm-pain cycle, which is a physiologically and clinically untenable concept. Clinical conditions associated with painful muscle spasm include spasmodic torticollis, trismus, unnecessary muscle tension, nocturnal leg cramps, and stiff-man syndrome.
A Review on Detecting Phishing URLs using Clustering Algorithms (2019)

Phishing is a kind of a social engineering attack. The attacker poses as a legitimate entity and communicates with the victim through some mode of communication. The user is prompted to open a link which has been designed to look similar to a legitimate website, or is prompted to relay sensitive credentials over the phone. The attacker steals the users' information to perform identity theft, account hijacking, etc. In this paper, we focus on URL based phishing attacks. Most of the solutions that we investigated focused more on the classification algorithms rather than clustering. Our aim is to experiment and compare the results of both of these types of algorithms. The main premise of our approach is a hybrid machine learning model comprising of two steps- checking with a blacklist and whitelist, and heuristics based detection, to increase the accuracy of the proposed algorithm.
Bioactive Glycosphingolipids (1991)

Glycolipids are the hybrid molecules constructed with the hydrophilic carbohydrate chain and the hydrophobic side chain. The characteristic change in the structure of glycolipids is usually observed among different animal species, different organs, tissues and cells of the same animals, and cells in the different proliferation-and differentiation-stages. Recent approaches for characterization of the meaning on the glycolipid-heterogeneity clearly indicates the involvement of glycolipids in a signal transducer and a modulator of functional proteins. For example, glycolipids appeared in association with differentiation can effectively induce the differentiation in human myeloid and monocytoid leukemia cells, and the keratinization in fetal rat keratinocytes. And addition of glycolipids, which do not contain in the target neuroblastoma cells, to the culture medium, can induce the neurite outgrowth of the cells.
Diphenylvinylphosphine (DPVP) complexes containing the (η5-MeC5H4)Ru(ii) moiety: synthesis, characterization and reactionsDedicated to the late Professor Noel McAuliffe. (2003)

The complex [(η5-MeC5H4)Ru(DPVP)2(CH3CN)]PF6 (4) (DPVP = Ph2PCHCH2) loses CH3CN under vacuum to produce the phosphaallyl complex [(η5-MeC5H4)Ru(η1-DPVP)(η3-DPVP)]PF6 (6) and reacts with Me3SiCCH and PhCCH in CH2Cl2–CH3OH solutions to form the methoxymethylcarbene [(η5-MeC5H4)(DPVP)2RuC(OCH3)(CH3)]PF6 (7) and the carbonyl complex [(η5-MeC5H4)Ru(DPVP)2(CO)]PF6 (8), respectively. In contrast [(η5-MeC5H4)Ru(DPVP)(CO)(CH3CN)]PF6 (15) does not lose CH3CN to form a phosphaallyl complex. The structures of the complexes described herein have been deduced from elemental analyses, infrared spectroscopy, 1H, 13C{1H}, 1H NOE, where appropriate by 31P{1H} NMR spectroscopy and in eight cases by X-ray crystallography.
<i>Taq52</i>I, a novel and thermostable Type II restriction endonuclease from the genus Thermus, recognising the pentanucleotide sequence GC(A or T)GC and cleaving DNA between the first and second bases of the recognition sequence: G↓C(A or T)GC (1995)

127 isolates of the genus Thermus, from neutral and alkaline hot water springs on four continents, have been screened for the presence of restriction endonuclease activity. An isolate (YS52) from Yellowstone National Park, USA, showed a high level of restriction endonuclease activity when a cell free extract was incubated with lambda phage DNA at 65 degrees C. A Type II restriction endonuclease (Taq52 I) has been partially purified from this isolate and the recognition and cleavage site determined. Taq52 I has a novel interrupted palindromic tetranucleotide recognition sequence GCWGC, where W can be either adenine (A) or thymine (T). It hydrolyses the phosphodiester bond in both strands of the substrate between the first and second bases of the recognition sequence: 5'G decreased or reduced CWGC3', producing three-base 5'-OH overhangs (sticky ends). The enzyme has a pH optimum of 7.0, requires 8 mM MgCl2 for maximum activity and is thermally stable, retaining full enzyme activity following incubation at 79 degrees C for 10 min. Taq52 I not only represents a new addition to the Type II restriction endonucleases, but also increases the small list of thermostable restriction endonucleases.
Formatters/editors (1976)

I've been using a text composer from the University of British Columbia for the last six months or so, and I'm quite pleased with it. It is called FMT, and is very similar to John Ehrman's FORMAT, but is a complete rewrite (in System/360 Assembler Language not FORTRAN) and is much more powerful. Among its more interesting features are a "macro" facility something like the Generalized Markup Language in ATMS; a facility for numbering and composing footnotes; and sets of functions that can be used to generate indices and tables of contents.
Premature aging disorders: A clinical and genetic compendium (2020)

Progeroid disorders make up a heterogeneous group of very rare hereditary diseases characterized by clinical signs that often mimic physiological aging in a premature manner. Apart from Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome, one of the best-investigated progeroid disorders, a wide spectrum of other premature aging phenotypes exist, which differ significantly in their clinical presentation and molecular pathogenesis. Next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based approaches have made it feasible to determine the molecular diagnosis in the early stages of a disease. Nevertheless, a broad clinical knowledge on these disorders and their associated symptoms is still fundamental for a comprehensive patient management and for the interpretation of variants of unknown significance from NGS data sets. This review provides a detailed overview on characteristic clinical features and underlying molecular genetics of well-known as well as only recently identified premature aging disorders and also highlights novel findings towards future therapeutic options.
A Report on Seasonal Food Habits and Life History Notes of the Florida Duck in the Vicinity of Lake Okeechobee, Glades County, Florida (1957)

Stephen L. Beckwith, H. Jay Hosford, A Report on Seasonal Food Habits and Life History Notes of the Florida Duck in the Vicinity of Lake Okeechobee, Glades County, Florida, The American Midland Naturalist, Vol. 57, No. 2 (Apr., 1957), pp. 461-473
<i>Mansonella perstans</i>: safety and efficacy of ivermectin alone, albendazole alone and the two drugs in combination (2009)

The safety and efficacy of a single dose of ivermectin alone (150-200 microg/kg bodyweight), albendazole alone (400 mg) or the combination of these two drugs was assessed, in Uganda, in three groups of individuals infected with Mansonella perstans (with 15, 13 and 15 subjects in each group, respectively). No side-effects were observed or reported during the first 7 days post-treatment and every subject remained microfilaraemic during the 12 months of follow-up. In the subjects given ivermectin alone or albendazole alone, the microfilarial intensities consistently remained close to their pre-treatment levels. In the subjects given both drugs, however, the microfilarial intensities decreased slightly after treatment and at 1 and 3 months post-treatment (but not at 6, 9 or 12 months) they were significantly lower than in the two other groups combined. The three single-dose drug regimens investigated were thus well tolerated but had disappointingly low efficacies in the treatment of M. perstans microfilaraemias.
Purification and Characterization of Glucose Dehydrogenase from a Heterotrophically Grown Blue-Green Alga (1976)

NADP- and NAD-dependent glucose dehydrogenase was partially purified from a dark-grown blue-green alga (endophytic Nostoc strain MAC). Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis established that a single protein possessed dual activity for either NADP or NAD. No other electron acceptor substituted for pyridine nucleotides and no evidence for a flavin prosthetic group was found. Although the Km for NADP was 8.8 mum and for NAD 328 mum, the enzyme was equally active with NAD or NADP at saturating levels of substrates. The enzyme was similar to previously described glucose dehydrogenase in that it had a high Km for glucose (18-20 mm at 35 C) and an alkaline pH optimum of 7.6 to 9.4.
[Effect of azelaic acid on the growth of melanoma cell cultures in comparison with fibroblast cultures]. (1986)

Azelaic acid, a linear C9 dicarbonic acid, can effect a reduction in the growth of melanoma cells. This was shown in a comparison of two human melanoma cell cultures and cultured human skin fibroblasts. The cultures were observed for 24 days. The reduction in growth effected by azelaic acid showed significant differences concerning the dose-effect ratio in both melanoma cell lines observed. There was no inhibition of cell proliferation in the fibroblast cultures. Morphological and final trypan blue tests suggest that azelaic acid is not cytotoxic but cytostatic in a selective way.