gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
State tomography via weak measurements (2013)

Recent work has revealed that the wave function of a pure state can be measured directly and that complementary knowledge of a quantum system can be obtained simultaneously by weak measurements. However, the original scheme applies only to pure states, and it is not efficient because most of the data are discarded by post-selection. Here, we propose tomography schemes for pure states and for mixed states via weak measurements, and our schemes are more efficient because we do not discard any data. Furthermore, we demonstrate that any matrix element of a general state can be directly read from an appropriate weak measurement. The density matrix (with all of its elements) represents all that is directly accessible from a general measurement.
Biological bases of maximum permissible exposure levels of laser standards. II. Comparison of threshold injury data with maximum permissible exposure levels (1984)

For pt.I see ibid., vol.4, no.1, p.17-24 (1984). Maximum permissible exposure levels which currently form the basis of Western laser safety standards are examined and compared with data for threshold injuries. The adequacy of the standards is examined in the light of these data.
<title>NRL-803 Space Test Program Experiment: Far-Ultraviolet Imaging And Photometry</title> (1981)

The Naval Research Laboratory is developing a payload, planned for Shuttle sortie missions sponsored by the Space Test Program, for imaging and photometry of natural and artificial sources of far-ultraviolet radiation. The experiment objectives emphasize, and the instrumentation is optimized for, detection and measurement of faint, diffuse sources. The NRL-803 experiment package consists of two far-UV electrographic Schmidt cameras, a dedicated pointing platform, and a low light level TV camera for target acquisition. The dedicated platform allows the number of useable flight opportunities to be maximized, by minimizing interfaces with the Shuttle and requirements on Shuttle support systems, but allows maximum use of the available time in orbit. A fine stabilization system, based on the use of magnetic deflection for image motion compensation, is currently under development. The dedicated platform and fine stabilization systems can also be used by other small experiments in Shuttle sortie missions.
Effects of the cyclooxygenase inhibitor, piroxicam, on tumor response, apoptosis, and angiogenesis in a canine model of human invasive urinary bladder cancer. (2002)

The mechanisms by which cyclooxygenase inhibitors exert antitumor effects are not completely defined but are postulated to involve antiangiogenic effects and induction of apoptosis. In this study, we determined the effects of the cox inhibitor, piroxicam, on tumor response, apoptotic index, proliferative index, cyclooxygenase-2 expression, prostaglandin E(2) concentration, tumor microvessel density, and urine basic fibroblast growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor concentrations in pet dogs with naturally occurring invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Piroxicam caused reduction in tumor volume in 12 of 18 dogs, and this was strongly associated with induction of apoptosis (Fisher's exact test P < 0.015) and reduction in urine basic fibroblast growth factor concentration.
Secure hardware key based on Physically Unclonable Functions and artificial Neural Network (2016)

Nowadays, Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs) are widely used in hardware security applications such as device authentication, secret key generation and recently as a novel approach for securing Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Different methods have been proposed to create a unique binary string based on the PUF properties of silicon Integrated Circuit (IC). In this paper, the RO PUF and SR Latch PUF are implemented on a FPGA platform and their performance metrics such as reliability, uniqueness, and uniformity have been evaluated. An accurate and noiseless key is necessary for cryptography methods. To address this demand and increase reliability, we also propose two Error Correcting Code (ECC) methods based on Hopfield and Auto-associative memory Neural Networks. We show that the proposed error correcting code can successfully recognize and regenerate corrupted and noisy keys.
Model-Based Automated Extraction of Microtubules From Electron Tomography Volume (2006)

We propose a model-based automated approach to extracting microtubules from noisy electron tomography volume. Our approach consists of volume enhancement, microtubule localization, and boundary segmentation to exploit the unique geometric and photometric properties of microtubules. The enhancement starts with an anisotropic invariant wavelet transform to enhance the microtubules globally, followed by a three-dimensional (3-D) tube-enhancing filter based on Weingarten matrix to further accentuate the tubular structures locally. The enhancement ends with a modified coherence-enhancing diffusion to complete the interruptions along the microtubules. The microtubules are then localized with a centerline extraction algorithm adapted for tubular objects. To perform segmentation, we novelly modify and extend active shape model method. We first use 3-D local surface enhancement to characterize the microtubule boundary and improve shape searching by relating the boundary strength with the weight matrix of the searching error. We then integrate the active shape model with Kalman filtering to utilize the longitudinal smoothness along the microtubules. The segmentation improved in this way is robust against missing boundaries and outliers that are often present in the tomography volume. Experimental results demonstrate that our automated method produces results close to those by manual process and uses only a fraction of the time of the latter.
Syntheses and Fluorescent Property of 5-(2-Phenyl-1,2,3-triazoly)3-aryl Pyrazoline Derivatives (2006)

Four chalcones were synthesized by aldol condensation reaction of acetophenone or para-substituted acetophenones with 2-phenyl1,2,3-triazol-4-carboxaldehyde,which reacted with three hydrazines in glacial acetic acid under refluxing to give a series of pyrazoline derivatives.The structures wer confirmed by means of IR spectrum,()~(1)H NMR and element analyses.The fluorescent spectra of twelve compounds were detected.The results show that the compounds have fluorescence.The fluorescence emission wavelength of compounds 3a—3d is about 380 nm.The effect of diffient substituents on the fluorescence intensity was investigated.
Enhanced production of Laccase by Trametes versicolor: effect on dye decolourisation (2007)

La produccion de la enzima lacasa fue incrementada mediante la adicion de diversos inductores tales como2,5-xilidina, alcohol veratrilico y sulfato de cobre en cultivos sumergidos de T. versicolor suplementados con salvado de cebada. Se alcanzaron niveles de actividad lacasa superiores a 10000 U/l, en cultivos suplementados con sulfato de cobre (3.5 mM) o de manera simultanea con sulfato de cobre (1 mM) y alcohol veratrilico (20 mM) en la fase estacionaria del cultivo. Sin embargo, las actividades especificas mas elevadas (entorno a 90 U/mg) se obtuvieron en presencia de los inductores alcohol veratrilico (20 mM) o sulfato de cobre (5 mM). En todos los casos ensayados, las productividades obtenidas fueron mas elevadas que en los cultivos control sin ningun aditivo (salvado de cebada o inductores). Ademas, para las condiciones ensayadas se evaluo la capacidad de decoloracion de los liquidos extracelulares producidos. Se determino la elevada efectividad de la lacasa producida en las condiciones optimizadas, alcanzandose para el tinte indigo carmin porcentajes de decoloracion superiores al 60% en 8h
Design of a genetic fuzzy controller for the nuclear steam generator water level control (1998)

The nuclear steam generator is a nonminimum-phase system, which is caused by the swell and shrink effects. Since its inverse system has unstable dynamics, it is difficult to train the fuzzy controller via the conventional backpropagation of the system output errors. In this paper, a genetic algorithm is applied for the simultaneous design of membership functions and rule sets for a fuzzy control method for a steam generator water level. The genetic fuzzy controller for the steam generator is a fuzzy logic controller which is tuned offline by the genetic algorithm using the water level, feedwater flowrate, and steam flowrate signals of the steam generator. The symmetric Gaussian membership functions based on the flowrate and water level errors are applied. The proposed genetic fuzzy controller has a generalized and simplified rule base. The same genetic algorithm that is used to optimize the genetic fuzzy controller tunes a conventional proportional-integral (P-I) controller, and the performance of two controllers is compared. The genetic fuzzy controller shows good response that its swell and shrink phenomena are smaller and its response is faster than those of a well-tuned P-I controller are.
Interdependencia de la práctica psicológica y la práctica docente: saberes co-participantes en el contexto escolar (2017)

En el contexto escolar, confl uyen profesionales de la psicologia y la educacion interesados en favo-recer los procesos de ensenanza, aprendizaje y desarrollo integral. Psicologos y docentes articulan sus conocimientos para dar respuesta a las demandas educativas, articulacion que en ocasiones es compleja por la diversidad de discursos y logicas disciplinares. El presente texto, pretende aportar a la articulacion de la practica psicologica y la practica docente, a partir de proponer una interdepen-dencia disciplinar que posibilita el estudio de los procesos de ensenanza y aprendizaje de manera fl exible e integral.
Effect of the Lower Molecular Capsule Released from the Cell Surface of <i>Bacillus anthracis</i> on the Pathogenesis of Anthrax (2002)

Bacillus anthracis enters the body as an endospore, and encapsulation and toxin production occur after germination. Capsule is proposed to be an antiphagocytic factor, and toxin induces cytokine production for systemic shock. The dep gene, adjacent to the cap region for the encapsulation, degrades the high-molecular weight capsule (H-capsule) to the lower-molecular weight capsule (L-capsule), which releases into the culture supernatant. This study analyzed the biological function of the cap-dep region. The dep null mutant Sm-1, which formed H-capsule but not L-capsule, was avirulent. However, Sm-1 with an intact dep gene or with purified L-capsule recovered its pathogenicity. Sm-1 was subjected to phagocytosis by macrophages more easily than its parent strain, Sm, in vitro; in vivo, it cleared without L-capsule and grew well with L-capsule, which suggests that L-capsule is essential for in vivo multiplication. Moreover, a new name, capD, might be appropriate, because of the part of the cap operon involved in both polymerization and depolymerization of the capsule.
[Clinical substantiation of combined autoallodermoplasty using transverse skin transplants]. (1985)

Clinical and morphological investigations have shown the expediency of using a new original method of combined skin plastic operation with the application of transverse autodermografts covered by their alloskin. In remote period of time the epidermal regenerative structures were being formed having little distinction from normal skin and recovered specific structures of skin (hair, glands, skin folds).
Anti-inflammation Effect of Polysaccharide Peptide (Ganodermalucidum)in Diabetes Mellitus (2015)

Background: High prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in the world is one of the leading cardiovascular risk factor that associated with high morbidity and mortality. Atherosclerotic heart disease is one of the major cardiovascular disease related to DM from the current study. Polysaccharide peptide, extract from Ganodermalucidum, a popular medicinal mushroom in traditional Chinese medicine, has anti-inflammatory effect in several studies. In this study, we investigated alteration of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels as risk factors for cardiovascular disease bypolysaccharide peptide indiabetes mellitus. Methods: Diabetes mellitus rat models which induced by high fat diet (HFD) and streptozotozin (STZ)were randomly divided into five groups, diabetes mellitus models with high fat diet, low-dose PsP (SLH, Indonesia) treatment group [50 mg/kgBW], medium-dose PsP treatment group [150 mg/kgBW], high-dose PsP treatment group [300 mg/kgBW], and normal rats as negative control group respectively. Results: After 5 weeks of treatment, we found significantly higher level of IL-10 in diabetes mellitus rat models with increasing dose of PsP (95% CI, p = 0.027). On the other hand, TNF-α level not significantly lowered with increasing dose of PsP (95% CI, p = 0.066). Conclusion: Polysaccharide peptideiseffective in reducingcardiovascular disease risk factors in diabetes mellitus rat models, thus potential to be developed as anti-inflammatory in diabetes mellitus.
Derecho de información de los socios. La acción como conjunto de derechos (2001)

• Enunciado: 
La S.A. «X» va a celebrar Junta General ordinaria el 1 de mayo de 2001. 
En el orden del dia esta fijado el examen y aprobacion, si procede, de las cuentas anuales correspondientes al ejercicio cerrado a 31 de diciembre de 2000, comprensivas del balance, la cuenta de perdidas y ganancias y la memoria. El senor RP y la senora IS, socios minoritarios, son titulares, cada uno, de un numero de acciones representativas del 5 por 100 del capital social, y plantean las siguientes cuestiones. 
• Cuestiones planteadas: 
1.a ?Que derechos le confiere ser titular legitimo de las acciones y ostentar la condicion de socio? 
2.a ?Es posible y admisible la cesion de los derechos politicos de la accion? 
3.a ?Es necesario el acuerdo de la Junta General para el reparto de dividendos cuando en los libros de contabilidad figuran partidas con el nombre de dividendos a repartir? 
4.a Si se vulnera el derecho a la informacion de los accionistas, ?se puede provocar la nulidad de los acuerdos sociales?
SIN TENER A LA TIERRA NO PODRIAMOS REGRESAR A NUESTRO PAIS (1989)

RAUL RODRIGUEZ, DEL CENTRO DE ESTUDIOS INTEGRADOS DE DESARROLLO COMUNAL (CEIDEC), INDICO QUE LA NECESIDAD DE PRESERVAR SUS VIDAS O LAS DE SUS FAMILIARES NO FUE LO UNICO QUE MOTIVO LA SALIDA DE SU PAIS DE LOS 46 MIL REFUGIADOS GUATEMALTECOS EN MEXICO SINO TAMBIEN LIBRAR DEL ANIQUILAMIENTO SU CULTURA, RELIGION, VALORES, ORGANIZACION Y PARTICIPACION EN LA SOCIEDAD. SU REGRESO, POR TANO, NO SE DARA EN UNA SITUACION QUE LES NIEGUES ESA POSIBILIDAD Y PERDER ASI LO QUE LES COSTO TANTA SANGRE.
Quantitative trait loci with additive effects on palatability and fatty acid composition of meat in a Wagyu–Limousin F<sub>2</sub> population (2007)

A whole-genome scan was conducted on 328 F(2) progeny in a Wagyu x Limousin cross to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting palatability and fatty acid composition of beef at an age-constant endpoint. We have identified seven QTL on five chromosomes involved in lipid metabolism and tenderness. None of the genes encoding major enzymes involved in fatty acid metabolism, such as fatty acid synthase (FASN), acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha (ACACA), solute carrier family 2 (facilitated glucose transporter) member 4 (SLC2A4), stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) and genes encoding the subunits of fatty acid elongase, was located in these QTL regions. The present study may lead to a better-tasting and healthier product for consumers through improved selection for palatability and lipid content of beef.
Domain Analysis of E-Commerce Systems Using Feature-Based Model Templates (2006)

© Sean Quan Lau 2006I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. I authorize the University of Waterloo to lend this thesis to other institutions or individuals for the purpose of scholarly research Signature I further authorize the University of Waterloo to reproduce this thesis by photocopying or by other means, in total or in part, at the request of other institutions or individuals for the purpose of scholarly research. Signature The pervasiveness and criticality of software applications in modern times have resulted in the demand for highly customized, high quality products in a timely and cost-efficient manner. Model-Driven Software Product Lines (MDSPL) is an approach to software development which allows developers to automatically build such products based on configuration knowledge and reusable assets. A product line is a group of related products that can be built from a common set of assets. The approach relies on two
Topology of technology graphs: Small world patterns in electronic circuits (2001)

Recent theoretical studies and extensive data analyses have revealed a common feature displayed by biological, social, and technological networks: the presence of small world patterns. Here we analyze this problem by using several graphs obtained from one of the most common technological systems: electronic circuits. It is shown that both analogic and digital circuits exhibit small world behavior. We conjecture that the small world pattern arises from the compact design in which many elements share a small, close physical neighborhood plus the fact that the system must define a single connected component (which requires shortcuts connecting different integrated clusters). The degree distributions displayed are consistent with a conjecture concerning the sharp cutoffs associated to the presence of costly connections [Amaral et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97, 11 149 (2000)], thus providing a limit case for the classes of universality of small world patterns from real, artificial networks. The consequences for circuit design are outlined.
Transforming growth factor-α expression in benign and malignant human prostatic disease (1992)

Investigation of biological variables in prostatic disease may not only prevent patients with a good prognosis being overtreated, but allow better selection of appropriate therapy, and may identify potential targets for novel therapies. This study investigates the growth factor transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF alpha) expression in benign and malignant prostatic biopsies using both radioimmunoassay and immunohistochemistry, considering its role in malignant epithelial transformation and as a prognostic indicator. Biochemical methods were less satisfactory than the more selective immunohistochemical methods, due to the heterogeneity of prostatic tissue. Seventy-one percent of benign biopsies (range 0-18.62ng/mg DNA) and 69% of malignant biopsies (range 0-11.1ng/mg DNA) had detectable levels of TGF alpha using radioimmunoassay. Immunohistochemical staining for TGF alpha identified expression in 15% of benign (4 out of 27) and 53% malignant biopsies (18 out of 34). Positive staining was also identified in premalignant lesions and within stromal elements, thus implying the factor's role in autocrine/paracrine growth and/or malignant transformation. Immunostaining for TGF alpha may enhance detection of premalignant lesions and small foci of malignant glands which are otherwise difficult to identify using standard histopathological techniques.
Targeting Interleukin-4 in Asthma: Lost in Translation? (2012)

The first discovery that interleukin-4 (IL-4) is crucial in the development of allergic airway inflammation originates from the early 1990s. Whereas initial studies in experimental animal models provided the community with the optimistic view that targeting IL-4 would be the ultimate solution for treating asthma, the translation of these findings to the clinic has not been evident and has not yet fulfilled the expectations. Many technical challenges have been encountered in the attempts to modulate IL-4 expression or activity and in transferring knowledge of preclinical studies to clinical trials. Moreover, biological redundancies between IL-4 and IL-13 have compelled a simultaneous blockade of both cytokines. A number of phase I/II studies are now providing us with clinical evidence that targeting IL-4/IL-13 may provide some clinical benefit. However, the initial view that asthma is a purely Th2-mediated disease had to be revised. Currently, different asthma phenotypes have been described, implying that blocking specifically Th2 cytokines, such as IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, should be targeted to only a specific subset of patients. Taking this into consideration, IL-4 (together with IL-13) deserves attention as subject of further investigations to treat asthma. In this review, we will address the role of IL-4 in asthma, describe IL-4 signaling, and give an overview of preclinical and clinical studies targeting the IL-4 Receptor pathway.
Decreased Expression of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Is Associated with Tumor Progression (2009)

Angiotensin II (ANG II), the biologically active peptide of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), is generated by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and is a regulator of cardiovascular homeostasis. Recently, there has been increasing evidence that ANG II is involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and migration, as well as angiogenesis via the ANG II-type 1 receptor (AT1R). These findings suggest that the ACE-ANG II-AT1R pathway is related to cancer biology. Previous reports have shown that ACE is preferentially expressed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tissues. Recently a homologue of ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), was reported to counterbalance the function of ACE, but the expression and role of ACE2 in PDAC are still unclear. In the present study, we analyzed the expression of ACE2 in invasive human PDAC and surrounding non-malignant tissues by Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. The ANG II concentration in homogenates of pancreatic tissues was measured with ELISA, and ACE2 protein was detected by Western blot analysis in BxPC3 and SW1990 human pancreatic ductal cancer cells. We have shown for the first time that the expression of ACE2 is decreased in PDAC tissues, in which ANG II was accumulated. Treatment of BxPC3 and SW1990 cells with ANG II decreased the expression of ACE2. Therefore, ANG II may contribute to the down-regulation of ACE2. Moreover, reduction of ACE2 expression by RNA interference promoted the proliferation of cultured pancreatic cancer cells. These findings suggest that ACE2 may have clinical potential as a novel molecular target for the treatment of PDAC.
Spoofing GPS Receiver Clock Offset of Phasor Measurement Units (2013)

We demonstrate the feasibility of a spoofing attack on the GPS receiver of a phasor measurement unit (PMU). We formulate the attack as an optimization problem where the objective is to maximize the difference between the PMU's receiver clock offset (with respect to the GPS time measured by the onboard satellite clocks) before and after the attack. Since the PMU uses this clock offset to compute a synchronized time stamp for its measurements, an error in the receiver clock offset introduces a proportional phase error in the voltage or current phase measurements provided by the PMU. For the most general case, the decision variables in the optimization problem are the satellites' ephemerides, pseudoranges, and the receiver's Earth-Centered Earth-Fixed (ECEF) coordinates. The constraints are cast such that the decision variables and the satellite positions computed from the solution of the optimization problem are close to their pre-attack values, so as to avoid possible detection schemes that check for large jumps in the values of these variables. We show that the spoofing attack is feasible for any number of visible satellites. As an illustration of the impact of such spoofing attacks, we present simulation results in which the attack induces errors in a real-time voltage stability monitoring algorithm that relies on the phase information from measurements provided by PMUs.