gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Power-aware Multi-DataCenter Management using Machine Learning (2013)

Abstract—The cloud relies upon multi-datacenter (multi-DC) infrastructures distributed along the world, where people and enterprises pay for resources to offer their web-services to worldwide clients. Intelligent management is required to au-tomate and manage these infrastructures, as the amount of resources and data to manage exceeds the capacities of human operators. Also, it must take into account the cost of running the resources (energy) and the quality of service towards web-services and clients. (De-)consolidation and priming proximity to clients become two main strategies to allocate resources and properly place these web-services in the multi-DC network. Here we present a mathematical model to describe the scheduling problem given web-services and hosts across a multi-DC system, enhancing the decision makers with models for the system behavior obtained using machine learning. After running the system on real DC infrastructures we see that the model drives web-services to the best locations given quality of service, energy consumption, and client proximity, also (de-)consolidating according to the resources required for each web-service given its load. I.
Extracellular-Signal-Related Kinase 1/2 Is Responsible for Inhibition of Osteogenesis in Three-Dimensional Cultured MC3T3-E1 Cells (2010)

We have previously demonstrated that osteogenic differentiation is inhibited and angiogenic expression is enhanced in murine preosteoblasts (MC3T3-E1) cultured on three-dimensional (3D) poly-L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) scaffolds when compared to two-dimensional (2D) PLGA films. In the present work we investigated the role of the extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) pathway in modulating osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation in 2D and 3D systems made of two distinct biomaterials-type I collagen and PLGA. The addition of a third dimension, regardless of biomaterials, substantially increased ERK1/2 activation as demonstrated by an increase in phosphorylated ERK1/2. Western blot analysis showed significant increases in phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in cells grown in 3D versus 2D cultures at day 4 (5- and 7.7-fold increases 3D vs. 2D in collagens and PLGA, respectively) and day 7 (4.7- and 4.6-fold increases 3D vs. 2D in collagen and PLGA, respectively). Using an ERK-specific inhibitor, PD 98059, we established a correlation between ERK activation and inhibited osteogenic differentiation. Inhibition of ERK activation in 3D cultures significantly enhanced osteogenic differentiation. It in fact restored osteogenic differentiation to a level equal to that of 2D cultured cells. Inhibition of ERK1/2, however, showed little effect on angiogenic gene expression, indicating that two distinct mechanisms are involved in osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation. Taken together, these results allow us to report a mechanistic model in MC3T3-E1 cells in which distinct activation of ERK1/2 in 3D culture has an inhibitory effect on osteogenic differentiation.
Long-term effects of Helicobacter pylori infection on acid and pepsin secretion. (1997)

Chronic Helicobacter pylori infection causes a slight postprandial hypergastinemia, generally referred to as exaggerated or inappropriate gastrin release. This can be ablated by eradication of this infective agent. The expectations that this would further unravel the mysteries of the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer disease have not been fulfilled. It is now well established that of conventional acid secretory patterns such as basal acid secretion, maximum gastrin-stimulated acid secretion, and of sensitivity of the parietal cell to gastrin, only basal acid is modified by chronic H. pylori colonization. This particularly relates to basal secretion in duodenal ulcer patients, as basal secretion of otherwise healthy, chronically H. pylori-infected subjects appears to be affected in only a small proportion of subjects. It is of particular interest, however, that chronic H. pylori infection supplies a solid explanation why acid inhibitory pathways are deficient in duodenal ulcer disease, since this is reversible following H. pylori eradication as demonstrated by elegant studies with gastrin-releasing, peptide-stimulated acid secretion. Furthermore, it has gradually become apparent that exaggerated gastrin response is probably no more than an innocent bystander of chronic H. pylori infection. Paradoxically, in a small subset of patients, hypo-or anacidity accompanying chronic H. pylori infection can be reverted by H. pylori eradication, for currently unknown reasons.
Partial purification, characterization and regulation of cellulolytic enzymes from <i>Trichoderma longibrachiatum</i> (1986)

A net purification of 9·46‐, 18·6‐ and 16·7‐fold for filter paper (FP) hydrolytic activity, carboxymethyl (CM) cellulase and β‐glucosidase, respectively was achieved through ion exchange and gel chromatographies. The purified enzyme preparation showed an optimal pH of 5·0 for CM cellulase and 5·5 for the other two components. The enzyme activities increased up to 60°–65°C for the three enzyme components and they were stable at 30° or 40°C and pH 4·5 to 5·0 after 20–30 min treatment. The four enzyme components, that is, two FP activities (unadsorbed and adsorbed), a CM cellulase and a β‐glucosidase, had K m values of 47·6 mg, 33·3 mg, 4·0 mg and 0·18 mmol/l with V max of 4, 1·28, 66·5 and 1·28 units per mg protein. The molecular weights as determined with SDS‐PAGE were found to be 44000, 38000, 55000 and 63000 for the above four enzyme components in the same sequence. A distinct type of synergistic action was observed between these components by their action on dewaxed cotton. Glycerol at 1% strongly repressed the formation of all the cellulolytic enzymes. The role of proteolytic enzymes in in vitro inactivation of cellulases was not apparent.
Combination Studies of Oreganum Vulgare Extract Fractions and Volatile Oil along with Ciprofloxacin and Fluconazole against Common Fish Pathogens (2013)

The experimental data suggests the use of volatile oil and phenolic fraction in combination with standard antimicrobials to maintain healthy aquaculture with lesser adverse effects as compared to synthetic antibiotic therapy.
Pyridyl‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole; eine neue Variante der Thiadiazol‐Synthese (1958)

Abstract Thiosemicarbazones of aromatic aldehydes react with acetic anhydride to give well‐defined N 4 ,S‐diacetyl derivatives, which readily undergo oxidative cyclisation to 2‐aryl‐4‐acetamido‐1,3,4‐thiadiazoles. From these intermediates, aryl‐thiadiazoles – especially 2‐(2′‐pyridyl)‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole, inaccessible by the common methods – can be obtained by acidic deacetylation, S ANDMEYER substitution and catalytic dehalogenation.
Immune Regulatory Properties of Allogeneic Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Experimental Autoimmune Diabetes (2012)

Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) display immunosuppressive properties, suggesting a promising therapeutic application in several autoimmune diseases, but their role in type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains largely unexplored. The aim of this study was to investigate the immune regulatory properties of allogeneic ADMSC therapy in T cell-mediated autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice. ADMSC treatment reversed the hyperglycemia of early-onset diabetes in 78% of diabetic NOD mice, and this effect was associated with higher serum insulin, amylin, and glucagon-like peptide 1 levels compared with untreated controls. This improved outcome was associated with downregulation of the CD4(+) Th1-biased immune response and expansion of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the pancreatic lymph nodes. Within the pancreas, inflammatory cell infiltration and interferon-γ levels were reduced, while insulin, pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1, and active transforming growth factor-β1 expression were increased. In vitro, ADMSCs induced the expansion/proliferation of Tregs in a cell contact-dependent manner mediated by programmed death ligand 1. In summary, ADMSC therapy efficiently ameliorates autoimmune diabetes pathogenesis in diabetic NOD mice by attenuating the Th1 immune response concomitant with the expansion/proliferation of Tregs, thereby contributing to the maintenance of functional β-cells. Thus, this study may provide a new perspective for the development of ADMSC-based cellular therapies for T1D.
Tobacco to tomatoes: a phylogenetic perspective on fruit diversity in the Solanaceae (2002)

The Solanaceae contains many species of agricultural importance. Several of these are cultivated for their fruits, such as the tomato, the pepper and the aubergine. The family is very diverse in fruit type with capsules, drupes, pyrenes, berries, and several sorts of dehiscent non-capsular fruits occurring in the 90+ genera. In this paper, recent work on fruit type evolution in angiosperms is reviewed in relation to dispersal agents and habitat ecology. Defining fruit types in the Solanaceae in a simple five state system, then mapping them onto a previously published molecular phylogeny based on chloroplast DNA allows discussion of the evolution of these fruit types in a phylogenetic framework. Capsules are plesiomorphic in the family, and although berries are a synapomorphy (shared derived character) for a large clade including the genus Solanum (tomatoes and aubergines), they have arisen several times in the family as a whole. Problems with homology of drupes and pyrenes are discussed, and areas for future investigation of fruit structure homology identified. The distribution of fruit types in the large and diverse genus Solanum is also discussed in the light of monophyletic groups identified using chloroplast gene sequences. This variety is related to recent advances in the understanding of the molecular biology of fruit development. Finally, several key areas of future comparative, phylogenetic investigation into fruit type evolution in the family are highlighted.
The laboratory diagnosis of human parasitic amoebae (1968)

A method for culturing amoebae, suitable for a clinical laboratory, is given and assessed by recording the results of combined microscopical and cultural diagnosis on 4,236 specimens from tropical patients of the Dreadnought Seamen's Hospital, London. Of the total specimens examined 17·7% were positive microscopically for one or more species, and 2/9 of these (4·1% of total specimens) were missed culturally, while 26·2% were positive culturally for one or more species, and 1/3 of these (8·5%) were missed microscopically. The figures for Entamoeba histolytica alone are 2·8% missed microscopically but none missed culturally, out of 7·3%. High rates for Nigerian amoebic carriers and Goan amoebic abscesses are recorded.
Numerical atomic basis orbitals from H to Kr (2004)

We present a systematic study for numerical atomic basis orbitals ranging from H to Kr, which could be used in large scale $\mathrm{O}(N)$ electronic structure calculations based on density-functional theories (DFT). The comprehensive investigation of convergence properties with respect to our primitive basis orbitals provides a practical guideline in an optimum choice of basis sets for each element, which well balances the computational efficiency and accuracy. Moreover, starting from the primitive basis orbitals, a simple and practical method for variationally optimizing basis orbitals is presented based on the force theorem, which enables us to maximize both the computational efficiency and accuracy. The optimized orbitals well reproduce convergent results calculated by a larger number of primitive orbitals. As illustrations of the orbital optimization, we demonstrate two examples: the geometry optimization coupled with the orbital optimization of a ${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$ molecule and the preorbital optimization for a specific group such as proteins. They clearly show that the optimized orbitals significantly reduce the computational efforts, while keeping a high degree of accuracy, thus indicating that the optimized orbitals are quite suitable for large scale DFT calculations.
Local government transformation and the challenge of HIV / AIDS. (1999)

South Africa has one of the world's worst HIV/AIDS epidemics, with more men, women, and children infected than in any other country, except for India. The impact of HIV/AIDS-related morbidity and mortality is already apparent in hospitals throughout the country, and the number of deaths due to AIDS will increase dramatically to almost 250,000/year within 3 years. Average life expectancy is expected to fall from 60 years to about 40 years during 1998-2008, while in 2005, there will be almost 1 million children under age 15 years who have lost their mothers to AIDS. South Africa's HIV/AIDS epidemic seriously threatens the country's development and social transformation, and is a major obstacle to reducing poverty, with the potential to reverse many gains achieved during the past decade. Local governments will be most affected by HIV/AIDS, in terms of the expected impact upon community development programs, clinics and institutions, and work forces. South Africa's Constitution defines the tasks of local government as providing democratic and accountable government for local communities, ensuring the provision of services to communities in a sustainable manner, promoting social and economic development, promoting a safe and healthy environment, and encouraging the involvement of communities and community organizations in the affairs of local government. The characteristics of developmental local government are summarized as described in the new White Paper on Local Government, and in relation to HIV/AIDS policies and programs.
Electrically erasable and reprogrammable read-only memory using the n-channel SIMOS one-transistor cell (1977)

The stacked-gate injection MOS transistor (SIMOS) uses a control gate stacked on the floating gate for selection of the cell during reading, programming, and erasure. Programming is achieved by the injection of hot electrons from the channel into the floating gate, resulting in a large upward shift in threshold voltage. In both states, operation is in the enhancement mode. Electrical erasure can be performed by injection of hot holes from an avalanche breakdown at the source-substrate junction and by Fowler-Nordheim electron injection from the floating gate to the source. Because the floating gate can be charged positively during the erasure, part of the channel is not covered by the floating gate, and in this way the enhancement mode of the SIMOS transistor after erasure is guaranteed. In a matrix array, the memory cell consists of the SIMOS transistor only. Decoders, read amplifiers, etc., can be integrated on the same substrate. Erasure can be performed as a block, or word-by-word. Different disturb effects on memory cells during programming and erasure are discussed. The cell area of the SIMOS memory is 850 µm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . The photograph of a fully decoded 8192-bit SIMOS memory chip is presented.
Simulation of Surface Acoustic Wave Devices (2006)

This paper reviews simulation technologies used in research and development of modern surface acoustic wave (SAW) filters. First, a simple discussion is presented on the flow of the numerical simulation to clarify its applicability and the need for it. Then two types of simulation techniques are discussed. The first type is based on the behavior model where the calculation speed is very crucial. Flow of the coupling-of-modes analysis is given as an example, and its use in practical device design is detailed. The second type is the full-wave analysis where precision is more important than the calculation speed. It is shown how these techniques are applied in the parameter extraction for the behavior model. Then a discussion is given on the simulation of devices using shear-horizontal SAWs where the interaction with bulk acoustic waves is significant. It is shown how the interaction should be taken into account for the device simulation. Finally, various hot topics in this direction are presented, and hidden problems in current simulation tools are revealed.
Gibberish, Assistant, or Master? (2015)

Single-document summarization is a challenging task. In this paper, we explore effective ways using the tweets linking to news for generating extractive summary of each document. We reveal the very basic value of tweets that can be utilized by regarding every tweet as a vote for candidate sentences. Base on such finding, we resort to unsupervised summarization models by leveraging the linking tweets to master the ranking of candidate extracts via random walk on a heterogeneous graph. The advantage is that we can use the linking tweets to opportunistically "supervise" the summarization with no need of reference summaries. Furthermore, we analyze the influence of the volume and latency of tweets on the quality of output summaries since tweets come after news release. Compared to truly supervised summarizer unaware of tweets, our method achieves significantly better results with reasonably small tradeoff on latency; compared to the same using tweets as auxiliary features, our method is comparable while needing less tweets and much shorter time to achieve significant outperformance.
T98G: An anchorage‐independent human tumor cell line that exhibits stationary phase G1 arrest in vitro (1979)

T98 and T98G are two related cell lines that were derived from a human glioblastoma multiforma tumor. T98G has almost twice as many chromosomes as T98, suggesting that it is a polyploid variant of T98. Three aspects of control of cellular proliferation were studied in T98 and T98G cells in comparison to WI-38 normal human diploid cells. WI-38 cells have the following properties: (1) they can undergo only a limited number of population doublings in vitro; (2) they cannot proliferate without anchorage; and (3) they become arrested in G1 phase under stationary phase conditions. T98 cells differ from normal cells in all three of these properties, as do many other transformed cell lines. However, the derivative of T98, namely T98G, expresses an unique combination of normal and transformed aspects of the control of cellular proliferation. T98G cells are like normal cells in that they become arrested in G1 phase under stationary phase conditions, yet they also exhibit the transformed characteristics of anchorage independence and immortality. Thus, T98G cells demonstrate that transformation to immortality and anchorage independence can exist without concomitant loss of the normal mechanism for G1 arrest in response to stationary phase conditions. This result supports the hypothesis that each of these three aspects of control of cellular proliferation can be altered independently. Partially transformed cell lines, such as T98G, should be useful for sorting out the biochemical changes associated with transformation in each of these aspects.
A Dynamical System Approach to Motion and Force Generation in Contact Tasks (2019)

Many tasks require the robot to enter in contact with surfaces, be it to take support, to polish or to grasp an object. It is crucial that the robot controls forces both upon making contact and while in contact. While many solutions exist to control for contact, none offer the required robustness to adapt to real-world uncertainties, such as sudden displacement of the object prior and once in contact. To adapt to such disturbances require to re-plan on the fly both the trajectory and the force. Dynamical systems (DS) offer a framework for instant re-planning of trajectories. They are however limited to control of motions. We extend this framework here to enable generating contact forces and trajectories through DS. The framework allows also to modulate the impedance so as to show rigidity to maintain contact, and compliance to ensure safe interaction with humans. We validate the approach in single and dual arm setting using KUKA LWR 4+ robotic arms. We show that the approach allows 1) to make smooth contact while applying large forces, 2) to maintain desired contact force when scanning non-linear surfaces, even when the surface is moved, and 3) to grasp and lift smoothly an object in the air, and to re-balance forces on the fly to maintain the grasp even when subjected to strong external disturbances.
Inhibition of Cellular Cytotoxicity of Leukocytes for Herpes Simplex Virus-Infected Cells in Vitro and in Vivo by Intralipid (1982)

The effect of intralipid, a lipid emulsion used in total parenteral nutrition, on cellular cytotoxicity for herpes simplex virus (HSV)-infected cells was analyzed. In vitro, intralipid inhibited antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) of lymphocytes, monocytes-macrophages, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes and natural killer cytotoxicity of lymphocytes for radiolabeled HSV-infected liver cells. This was due to an effect on the leukocytes, rather than on the target cells. Intralipid did not affect leukocyte viability but inhibited the expression of leukocyte Fc receptors necessary for cytotoxicity. In vivo, intralipid inhibited murine ADCC and completely nullified the protection against lethal infection with HSV in neonatal mice afforded by the administration of human leukocytes and antibody. These data suggest that high levels of circulating intralipid may interfere with antiviral immunity in humans and predispose hosts who are already compromised to severe viral infections.
Kinetic Modeling of Plasma Methane Conversion Using Gliding Arc (2005)

Plasma methane (CH4) conversion in gliding arc discharge was examined. The result data of experiments regarding the performance of gliding arc discharge were presented in this paper. A simulation which is consisted some chemical kinetic mechanisms has been provided to analyze and describe the plasma process. The effect of total gas flow rate and input frequency refers to power consumption have been studied to evaluate the performance of gliding arc plasma system and the reaction mechanism of decomposition. Experiment results indicated that the maximum conversion of CH4 reached 50% at the total gas flow rate of 1 L/min. The plasma reaction was occurred at the atmospheric pressure and the main products were C (solid), hydrogen, and acetylene (C2H2). The plasma reaction of methane conversion was exothermic reaction which increased the product stream temperature around 30{50 .
1. Introduction aux arthropodes nuisants, aux vecteurs et aux maladies à transmission vectorielle (2012)

INTRODUCTION La France métropolitaine et l’Europe d’une part, la France d’outre-mer et les zones tropicales d’autre part ont été de longue date concernées par les maladies vectorielles. La peste transmise par les puces, et la fièvre jaune transmise par des moustiques du genre Aedes existaient en Europe jusqu’à la fin du xviiie siècle. Le paludisme, transmis par les moustiques Anopheles, était lui aussi endémique sur le continent européen à cette époque et même bien plus tard puisque le dernie...