gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Temperature behavior of optical absorption in InGaAsP lasers (1984)

We have investigated the temperature dependence of the optical absorption in InGaAsP lasers emitting at 1.57 μm by measuring the resonant frequency as a function of output power at various temperatures. The results obtained using this technique are not influenced by leakage currents which can reduce the measured external differential quantum efficiency in some device structures. Our results show that the optical absorption does not vary significantly with increasing temperature which suggests that the threshold carrier density in 1.57-μm InGaAsP lasers is weakly temperature dependent. The latter is consistent with our recent measurement of threshold current using short electrical pulses where T0∼170 K was observed. Thus, the strong temperature dependence of threshold current of InGaAsP lasers is primarily due to the temperature dependence of the carrier lifetime at threshold. The shorter carrier lifetime (i.e., increased carrier loss) at high temperature can be due to Auger recombination.
Solid-solution formation, electrical properties and zero-resistance behaviour in the spinel system Mg<sub>2</sub>TiO<sub>4</sub>–MgTi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (1991)

A range of solid solutions in the system Mg2 –yTi1 +yO4 with average Ti valence x, x=(4 + 2y)/(1 +y), have been prepared for 3.2 < x < 4.0. The lattice parameter varied smoothly with composition, increasing from a value of 8.443 Å for x= 4.0 to 8.484 Å for x= 3.2. Room-temperature resistance was found to be a minimum for compositions between x= 3.25 and 3.3. On cooling from room temperature to 100 K, resistivity rose by several orders of magnitude for compositions with x > 3.3. For compositions with x < 3.25, the temperature dependence of resistivity was much less, with a rise of only one order of magnitude between 300 and 20 K. For compositions between x= 3.25 and 3.3, transitions from semiconducting to zero-resistance behaviour were observed at ca. 50 K. This zero-resistance behaviour was lost on standing, except when the sample was stored in vacuum.
Stimulant Drug Effects on Performance and Behavior After Prolonged Sleep Deprivation: A Comparison of Amphetamine, Nicotine, and Deprenyl (1992)

Abstract Normal male subjects (N = 102) underwent total sleep deprivation in a laboratory environment for 48 hr. In separate dose-response, double-blind, placebo-controlled experiments, 36 subjects received single doses of d- amphetamine, 35 received intravenous nicotine, and 31 received l-deprenyl. All were deprived of sleep for an additional 12 hr. Amphetamine reversed the effects of sleep loss in a dose-related way, but the pattern and persistence of the reversal varied across measures. Neither nicotine nor I-deprenyl produced substantial persistent reversal of sleep deprivation effects. We conclude that these latter two agents are unlikely to be useful for the acute remediation of the effects of severe sleep loss. Although amphetamine is acutely effective, its usefulness in the treatment or prophylaxis of sleep loss requires further study.
Critical period programming of intestinal glucose transport via alterations in dietary fatty acid composition (1990)

Intestinal adaptation occurs in response to physiological or pathological processes that include resection, aging, diabetes, radiation, lactation, chronic alcohol feeding, and feeding diets of varying lipid, protein, or carbohydrate composition. The mechanisms involved in the adaptive response include alterations in morphology, cell kinetics, digestive enzyme activity, transport, membrane lipid composition, and enzymes involved in lipid metabolism. This discussion will review the effect of aging and alterations in dietary fatty acid composition on the small intestine. In addition, it may be possible to program the intestinal response to aging by feeding diets of differing fatty acid composition during the critical period of weaning. Alterations in the ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acids in the diet modifies the age-associated changes in the intestinal uptake of glucose. The changes occur rapidly, progressively, and irreversibly, suggesting that the intestinal uptake of glucose is subject to critical period programming. The mechanism by which diet may modify the ability of the intestine to up- or down-regulate glucose transport requires further investigation.
Intercept 1961: From Air Defense SA-1 to Missile Defense System A [Scanning our Past] (2016)

This article tells a little known story of the first anti-aircraft system SA-1 in the Soviet Union, the first nonnuclear intercept of a long-range ballistic missile, and emergence of missile defense.
Design and implementation of an efficient I/O method for a real-time user level thread library (2002)

We have developed a portable user level thread library RT-PTL on UNIX, which is intended to be used for soft real time processing, such as multimedia systems. A user level thread is known to be more efficient than a kernel level one because of its small context switch overhead. However user level thread has a restriction that if one thread issues a system call that forces the calling process to be entirely blocked (such as disk I/O operation), no other thread is runnable until the system call has completed. This characteristic is undesirable for real time processing. We present a method to overcome this restriction. Using this method, if one thread requests a system call such as disk I/O operation, only the thread that issues the request is blocked and other threads can continue execution. We have implemented this method and have confirmed by some experiments that the method is widely usable and is also efficient.
In Situ Characterization of Bias Instability in Bare SOI Wafers by Pseudo-MOSFET Technique (2014)

Bias instability is a reliability issue affecting the electrical characteristics of a MOS transistor when the gate is stressed with relatively high voltage. For the first time, we characterize the instability of bare SOI wafers using the pseudo-MOSFET technique. The effect of positive and negative stress pulses on the properties of both hole and electron channels is systematically investigated using measure-stress-measure and on-the-fly methods. The origin of the instability, the dependence of the degradation with time, and the recovery after the stress are discussed.
Triche et motivation (2008)

Keywords: Psychologie et sociologie ; Psychologie sociale ; Sections MT, IN, EL Reference EPFL-STUDENT-152167 Record created on 2010-09-28, modified on 2017-05-12
Estimation des coefficients d'élasticité de matériaux composites renforcés par des nanotubes de carbone multi-parois (2011)

Dans le cadre d'une approche multi-échelle, nous étudions le renforcement des matrices de matériaux composites par des nanotubes de carbone multi-parois. Nous bâtissons différents motifs de la matrice enrichie par des nanoparticules à l'aide des éléments finis puis déterminons les propriétés mécaniques du composite par homogénéisation stochastique. Dans le cadre d'une étude statistique, une base de données est construite visant à définir la pertinence de paramètres, tels le diamètre, la courbure, l'orientation, la fraction volumique, le phénomène d'agrégat et la dispersion des nanotubes .
[An adult case of cyclic vomiting syndrome in which tricyclic antidepressant was effective]. (2006)

A 30-year-old man presented with a 10-year history of recurrent, stereotypic episodes of incapacitating nausea and vomiting. Initially, he had been diagnosed as having superior mesenteric artery syndrome, and had undergone abdominal surgery at age 20. The patient was in good health between episodes. During each episode, oral intake was impossible and total parenteral nutrition and sedation were necessary. Conventional antiemetics such as metoclopramide were not effective, and the 5-HT3 antagonist ondansetron hydrochloride was only partially effective. Investigations into gastrointestinal, hormonal, and metabolic function were unremarkable, as was psychiatric evaluation. Diagnosing this to be an adult case of cyclic vomiting syndrome, we administered amitriptyline hydrochloride; a prophylactic agent for migraine. This resulted in rapid resolution of the episodes, which have not recurred over several years' follow up. Recently, cyclic vomiting syndrome has been considered a subtype of migraine. In the present case, effectiveness of the tricyclic antidepressant amitriptyline hydrochloride indicated that migraine and cyclic vomiting syndrome have a common pathology. Clinicians should be aware that cyclic vomiting syndrome can affect adults as well as children, and that treatment for migraine may be effective.
Navigation in virtual worlds via natural speech (2001)

In this paper we propose a new approach enabling users to intuitively navigate in arbitrary virtual 3D-worlds via natural spontaneous speech. Three different approaches are considered and evaluated: First of all, two stochastic topdown decoders - a one- and a two-pass, split between acoustic and semantic layers. Besides these, a new two-pass decoder is being introduced. Two interfaces allow for multimodal integration: the different decoders can be used as homogenous competing instances already on the syntactic-semantic layer. A context sensitive intention decoder can dynamically constrain their recognition processes and translates their semantic structures into an abstract formal grammar. This concept enables heterogenous connection of additional input modalities on higher levels. The decoder can furthermore provide a measurement for the confidence even of a semantic interpretation based on acoustic confidences and by using rival decoders.
1254-P: Increased Health-Care Resource Utilization (HRU) and Costs among Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NAFLD/NASH) Patients with Advanced Fibrosis (AF) having Diabetes Mellitus (DM) (2019)

Objective: NAFLD/NASH patients with AF (bridging fibrosis/F3 and compensated cirrhosis/F4) have an increased risk of liver disease progression leading to higher costs, which may be compounded by presence of DM. The study evaluated the impact of DM on HRU and associated healthcare costs among NAFLD/NASH-AF patients in the U.S. Methods: Adult NAFLD/NASH-AF patients with available lab results were identified from 2008-2016 Optum Research claims database, to calculate their Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score. Using the FIB-4 score, patients were categorized as F3 or F4 (first date of FIB-4 cut-off score marked the index date), and then stratified by DM (ICD codes). Mean annual HRU/costs were obtained via per patient per month values (2016 USD). Results: Among 91,122 NAFLD/NASH patients with FIB-4 scores, 2,482 (2.7%) had F3, among which 36% had DM, and 939 (1.0%) had F4, among which 35% had DM. The mean annual costs of F3 and F4 patients with DM were 12-53% higher than non-DM (Figure) before and after the development of AF. Conclusions: NAFLD/NASH-AF patients with DM had higher mean annual HRU-associated costs compared to those without DM - primarily driven by ambulatory and pharmacy costs. Management options are needed to improve clinical care and optimize healthcare costs among NAFLD/NASH-AF patients with DM. Disclosure S. Gordon: Consultant; Self; Gilead Sciences, Inc., Intercept Pharmaceuticals, Inc. N. Kachru: Employee; Self; Gilead Sciences, Inc. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Gilead Sciences, Inc. A. Ozbay: Employee; Self; Gilead Sciences, Inc. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Gilead Sciences, Inc. R. Wong: Advisory Panel; Self; Gilead Sciences, Inc. Consultant; Self; Gilead Sciences, Inc. Research Support; Self; Gilead Sciences, Inc. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Gilead Sciences, Inc.
Correlation of Thermal Etch Pits with Dislocations in Silver (1958)

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ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Electrophilic Cyclobutenes with Enamines: Factors Determining the Formation of Bicyclo(2.2.0)hexane Derivatives. (1988)

Abstract The reaction of the cyclobutenes (Ia) or (Ib) with the enamines (IId)‐(IIf) in the presence of MgBr 2 gives rise to the cyclobutyl ketones (III) or (V) whereas reaction of (Ib) with the morpholino enamines (IIa)‐(IIc) or (VII) leads to morpholinobicycloalkane adducts (IV) or (VI).
Imaging Corner: Unknown Case (2006)

From the Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL. Acknowledgment date: October 20, 2005. First revision date: October 24, 2005. Acceptance date: November 16, 2005. The device(s)/drug(s) is/are FDA-approved or approved by corresponding national agency for this indication. No funds were received in support of this work. No benefits in any form have been or will be received from a commercial party related directly or indirectly to the subject of this manuscript. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Benson P. Yang, MD, 600 N. McClurg Court, 4404A, Chicago, IL 60611; E-mail: [email protected]
Endogenously Nitrated Proteins in Mouse Brain:  Links to Neurodegenerative Disease (2006)

Increased abundance of nitrotyrosine modifications of proteins have been documented in multiple pathologies in a variety of tissue types and play a role in the redox regulation of normal metabolism. To identify proteins sensitive to nitrating conditions in vivo, a comprehensive proteomic data set identifying 7792 proteins from a whole mouse brain, generated by LC/LC-MS/MS analyses, was used to identify nitrated proteins. This analysis resulted in the identification of 31 unique nitrotyrosine sites within 29 different proteins. More than half of the nitrated proteins that have been identified are involved in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, or other neurodegenerative disorders. Similarly, nitrotyrosine immunoblots of whole brain homogenates show that treatment of mice with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), an experimental model of Parkinson's disease, induces an increased level of nitration of the same protein bands observed to be nitrated in brains of untreated animals. Comparing sequences and available high-resolution structures around nitrated tyrosines with those of unmodified sites indicates a preference of nitration in vivo for surface accessible tyrosines in loops, a characteristic consistent with peroxynitrite-induced tyrosine modification. In addition, most sequences contain cysteines or methionines proximal to nitrotyrosines, contrary to suggestions that these amino acid side chains prevent tyrosine nitration. More striking is the presence of a positively charged moiety near the sites of nitration, which is not observed for non-nitrated tyrosines. Together, these observations suggest a predictive tool of functionally important sites of nitration and that cellular nitrating conditions play a role in neurodegenerative changes in the brain.
2076 Comparison between black and bright blood T2* measurements in thalassemia (2008)

To assess the reproducibility between the developed breath-hold black blood and bright blood T2* sequences for myocardial iron measurement.
Insights on Defect-Mediated Heterogeneous Nucleation of Graphene on Copper (2015)

The grain size of monolayer large area graphene is key to its performance. Microstructural design for the desired grain size requires a fundamental understanding of graphene nucleation and growth. The two levers that can be used to control these aspects are the defect density, whose population can be controlled by annealing, and the gas-phase supersaturation for activation of nucleation at the defect sites. We observe that defects on copper surface, namely dislocations, grain boundaries, triple points, and rolling marks, initiate nucleation of graphene. We show that among these defects dislocations are the most potent nucleation sites, as they get activated at lowest supersaturation. As an illustration, we tailor the defect density and supersaturation to change the domain size of graphene from <1 μm2 to >100 μm2. Growth data reported in the literature has been summarized on a supersaturation plot, and a regime for defect-dominated growth has been identified. In this growth regime, we demonstrate the spatial control over nucleation at intentionally introduced defects, paving the way for patterned growth of graphene. Our results provide a unified framework for understanding the role of defects in graphene nucleation and can be used as a guideline for controlled growth of graphene.
Anisotropic optical polarization of AlGaN based 275 nm light-emitting diodes due to quantum-size effects (2014)

Quantum-size effects strongly influence the valance band and optical polarization of 275nm emitting Al0.44Ga0.56N layers. It’s shown experimentally and theoretically that thinner quantum wells and lower carrier densities result in polarization preferential for light extraction.
Modulation analysis of speech through orthogonal FIR filterbank optimization (2008)

Newborns must learn to structure incoming acoustic information into segments, words, phrases, etc., before they can start to learn language. This process is thought to rely on modulation structure of the speech waveform induced by segmental or prosodic regularities within the speech heard by the infant. Here, we investigate the process by which the initial acoustic processing required by modulation analysis can itself be tuned by exposure to the regularities of speech. Starting from the classic definition of modulation, as applied within channels of the peripheral filter, we formulate a mathematical framework in which the structure of initial spectral filtering is adapted for modulation analysis. Our working hypothesis is that the human ear and brain are adapted to the analysis of modulation, via a data-driven learning process on the scale of development (or possibly evolution). Simulation results are presented and a comparison with filterbanks classically used in signal processing is done.
Chloroplast DNA from Tobacco Leaves (1966)

DNA from tobacco leaf chloroplasts was isolated as a single component with a buoyant density in CsCl of 1.702 compared to 1.697 for nuclear DNA. 5-Methylcytosine is present in nuclear DNA but absent in chloroplast DNA. Chloroplast DNA, with a guanine-cytosine content of 43 percent, has a melting temperature of 86 degrees C and renatures completely on slow cooling, whereas nuclear DNA ( melting temperature, 84 degrees C; guanine-cytosine content, 40 percent) does not renature. About 9 percent of the total DNA in tobacco leaves is chloroplast DNA representing about 4.7 xX 10-(15) gram of DNA per chloroplast with a molecular weight of approximately 4 xX 10(7).
On the Conspecificity of <i>Endothia Eugeniae</i> and <i>Cryphonectria Cubensis</i> (1987)

Isolates of Endothia eugeniae, a pathogen of clove (Syzygium aromaticum), and Cryphonectria cubensis, a pathogen of eucalyptus (Eucalyptus spp.), were examined with chemotaxonomic techniques, including thin-layer chromatography of fungal pigments and isozyme analysis. The bisanthraquinone pigments skyrin and oxyskyrin were isolated from mycelial extracts of each species. Isolates of E. eugeniae and C. cubensis could not be differentiated by Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of buffer-soluble proteins. The organisms also shared alleles at 16 presumed genetic loci, as detected by isozyme analysis. This study confirms the conspecificity of E. eugeniae and C. cubensis.
Effects of Oncogenic Gα <sub>q</sub> and Gα <sub>11</sub> Inhibition by FR900359 in Uveal Melanoma (2019)

Uveal melanoma is the most common intraocular tumor in adults and often metastasizes to the liver, leaving patients with few options. Recurrent activating mutations in the G proteins, Gα q and Gα 11 , are observed in approximately 93% of all uveal melanomas. While therapeutic intervention of downstream Gα q/11 targets has been unsuccessful in treating uveal melanoma, using in vitro [ 35 S]GTPγS binding and cell signaling assays we have found that the Gα q/11 inhibitor, FR900359 (FR), effectively inhibits oncogenic Gα q/11 signaling in uveal melanoma cells expressing either mutant Gα q or Gα 11 . Inhibition of oncogenic Gα q/11 by FR results in cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis. Furthermore, colony formation is prevented by FR treatment of uveal melanoma cells in 3D‐cell culture, providing promise for future in vivo studies. This suggests direct inhibition of activating Gα q/11 mutants may be a potential means of treating uveal melanoma. Support or Funding Information Dr. Ralph and Marian Falk Medical Research Trust and NIH award F31 CA225064 This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .
Treatment Change as a Predictor of Outcome among Patients with Classic Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease (2008)

We analyzed outcomes for 668 patients who had systemic treatment for chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) to assess the utility of early treatment change for exacerbation of cGVHD as a surrogate for survival endpoints in clinical trials. Fifty-six percent of patients had treatment change within 2 years after diagnosis of cGVHD. The median onset of treatment change was 4.4 months (range: 0.3-50 months). The cumulative incidence of nonrelapse mortality (NRM) at 2 years was 16%, and overall survival (OS) at 2 years was 74%. In time-dependent Cox models, treatment change was associated with an increase in risk of NRM (hazard ratio, 2.53; 95% confidence interval, 1.7-3.7; P < .0001). The hazard ratio was attenuated by 6% per month of delay in treatment change. Our results confirm that exacerbation of cGVHD is associated with an increased risk of NRM and with decreased OS, but the strength of this association is not large enough to allow the use of early exacerbation as a surrogate for survival endpoints in clinical trials. Other measures of clinical benefit, such as response, will need to be developed as endpoints in phase II trials for patients with cGVHD.
Dynamic perfusion computerized tomography in cerebral vasospasm following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a comparison with technetium-99m–labeled ethyl cysteinate dimer–single-photon emission computerized tomography (2006)

Relative CBF and MTT values on perfusion CT showed a high concordance rate with estimated relCBF on SPECT in patients with vasospasm following aneurysmal SAH. Given its logistical advantages, perfusion CT may be a valuable method of assessing perfusion abnormality in the acute setting of vasospasm and in patients with an unstable condition following aneurysmal SAH.
Somatic<i>RAS</i>Mutations Occur in a Large Proportion of Sporadic<i>RET</i>-Negative Medullary Thyroid Carcinomas and Extend to a Previously Unidentified Exon (2012)

Our study confirms that RAS mutations are frequent events in sporadic MTC. Moreover, we showed that RAS mutation analysis should not be limited to the classical mutational hot spots of RAS genes and should include analysis of exon 4.
Los dientes y la salud general. (1917)

El articulo da a conocer el tratamiento preventivo de la caries o higiene de la boca, con el cual si se practicase debidamente y con perseverancia bastaria en muchas ocasiones para prevenir otros tratamientos mas complicados. Los elixires convenientes son los fabricados a base de alcohol de vino de 90 grados, con un antiseptico y un astringente, que pueden ser el timol y el acido benzoico, y una esencia: la menta o el mentol; tambien el agua salada y el agua bicarbonatada.