gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Black-Oil Simulations for Three-Component, Three-Phase Flow in Fractured Porous Media (2009)

Summary Discrete-fracture modeling and simulation of two-phase flow in realistic representations of fractured reservoirs can now be used for the design of improved-oil-recovery (IOR) and enhanced-oil-recovery (EOR) strategies. Thus far, however, discrete-fracture simulators usually do not include a third compressible gaseous phase. This hinders the investigation of the performance of gas gravity drainage, water alternating gas injection, and blowdown in fractured reservoirs. We present a new numerical method that expands the capabilities of existing black-oil models for three-component, three-phase flow in three ways: (a) It uses a finite-element/finite-volume discretization generalized to unstructured hybrid element meshes. (b) It employs higher-order accurate representations of the flux terms. (c) Flash calculations are carried out with an improved equation of state allowing for a more realistic treatment of phase behavior. We illustrate the robustness of this numerical method in several applications. First, quasi-ID simulations are used to demonstrate grid convergence. Then, 2D discrete-fracture models are used to illustrate the effect of mesh quality on predicted production rates in discrete-fracture models. Finally, the proposed method is used to simulate three-component, three-phase flow in a realistic 2D model of fractured limestone mapped in the Bristol Channel, UK, and create a 3D stochastically generated discrete-fracture model.
Ohmic Conductivity of a Compacted Silty Clay (2002)

In its natural state, loess can be considered as an unstable soil, which develops large deformations when moistened. In Argentina, loess is used in most Geotechnical constructions, including embankments and liners. The interest of this work to evaluate the potential application of electrical conductivity measurements for monitoring the effects introduced by remolding and compaction in the soil. Samples of loess were compacted at varied densities and mixed with electrolytes of different concentrations. Electrical conductivity was measured with a two electrode cell. The effects introduced on the measured conductivity by frequency, degree of saturation, soil density, temperature, and electrolyte type and concentration are addressed. Additionally, hydraulic permeability tests were performed on compacted specimens of loess and the relationship between electrical and hydraulic conductivity was determined. It is concluded here that the ohmic conductivity of compacted specimens depends mainly on the salt concentration in the pore fluid, and volumetric water content. The effect of compaction density was observed to be less significant. The whole behavior of electric conductivity of loess is well described by the Archie’s law.
Application of pulse-code modulation to speech transmission in civil networks (1964)

Pulse-code modulation is attractive on account of the inherent stability, of itstransmission characteristics, its resistance to the effects of crosstalk and noise,and the comparative ease with which high-speed data facilities can be provided.The author outlines the principles of the system and describes a practicalinstallation now working in the United States.
Prevalence of deep venous thrombosis among patients in medical intensive care (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine the frequency of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in medical intensive care unit (MICU) patients. <h3>Design.</h3> —Prospective ultrasound case series. <h3>Setting.</h3> —An MICU in a large tertiary care hospital in Boston, Mass. <h3>Subjects.</h3> —Patients older than 18 years of age admitted to the MICU with an anticipated stay of more than 48 hours. <h3>Main Outcome Measure.</h3> —Deep venous thrombosis as detected by ultrasonography with color Doppler imaging performed twice weekly in the MICU and once within 1 week of discharge from the MICU. <h3>Results.</h3> —Deep venous thrombosis was detected in 33% (95% confidence interval, 24% to 43%) of 100 eligible patients during the 8-month study period. Forty-eight percent (16/33) were proximal lower extremity DVT, and 15% (5/33) were upper extremity DVT associated with central venous catheters, with one patient having both upper and proximal lower extremity DVT. Ultrasound examination results led to inferior vena cava filter placement in three patients, initiation of full-dose anticoagulation in four patients, initiation or continuation of low-dose subcutaneous heparin in 10 patients, follow-up ultrasound studies in three patients, central line removal in one patient, and no intervention in 10 patients due to active bleeding, prior filter, or heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Two patients remained anticoagulated for other reasons. In this series, there was no difference in age, gender, body mass index, diagnosis of cancer, recent surgery, duration of hospitalization prior to DVT detection, and DVT prophylaxis between patients with DVT and those without. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —An unexpectedly high rate of DVT was detected by ultrasound in these MICU patients despite prophylaxis in 61%. Traditionally recognized DVT risk factors failed to identify patients who developed DVT. Routine ultrasound surveillance or more intensive prophylaxis regimens may be warranted in this patient population if these DVT rates are confirmed in other settings. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;274:335-337)
CIET-Analysis and Design of Folded Asymmetric H-Plane Waveguide Filters With Source-Load Coupling (2000)

The Coupled-Integral-Equations Technique (CIET) is used as a fast, accurate and reliable analysis tool for the design of folded asymmetric H-plane waveguide filters in which source-load coupling is used to add two finite transmission zeros. Designs examples of second-order filters with finite transmission zeros are presented. Numerical results are validated by comparison with results from the Finite Element Method (FEM) through the commercial software package HFSS.
THE INFLUENCE OF SEROTONIN ON THE MITOTIC RATE IN THE COLONIC CRYPT EPITHELIUM AND IN COLONIC ADENOCARCINOMA IN RATS (1978)

SUMMARY 1. The mitotic rate in the crypts of Lieberkiihn of the descending colon and in dimethylhydrazine‐induced adenocarcinomata of the descending colon of rat was measured using a stathmokinetic technique. 2. Intraperitoneal injection of a small dose (10 jug/kg) of serotonin resulted in an increase in the tumour cell mitotic rate. 3. Blockade of serotonin receptors by 2‐bromolysergic acid diethylamide and depletion of tissue serotonin levels following injection of DL‐6‐fluorotryptophan both result in a decrease in the tumour cell mitotic rate. 4. Treatment with serotonin, 2‐bromolysergic acid diethylamide and DL‐6‐fluorotryptophan were all without effect on the colonic crypt cell mitotic rate.
A language independent macro processor (1967)

A macro processor is described which can be used with almost any source language. It provides all features normally associated with a macro facility, plus the ability to make arbitrary transformations of the argument strings. The program is used at the Basset Computing Department, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia, to process text for eight different compilers.
Novel Fluorescent Broth Microdilution Method for Fluconazole Susceptibility Testing of <i>Candida albicans</i> (2001)

A comparative evaluation of the reference National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) broth microdilution method with a novel fluorescent carboxyfluorescein diacetate (CFDA)-modified microdilution method for the susceptibility testing of fluconazole was conducted with 68 Candida strains, including 53 Candida albicans, 5 Candida tropicalis, 5 Candida glabrata, and 5 Candida parapsilosis strains. We found trailing endpoints and discordant fluconazole MICs of < 8 microg/ml at 24 h and of > or =64 microg/ml at 48 h for 12 of the C. albicans strains. These strains satisfy the definition of the low-high MIC phenotype. All 12 low-high phenotype strains were correctly shown to be susceptible at 48 h with the CFDA-modified microdilution method. For the 41 non-low-high phenotype C. albicans strains, the CFDA-modified microdilution method yielded 97.6% (40 of 41 strains) agreement within +/-1 dilution at 24 h compared with the reference method and 92.7% (38 of 41 strains) agreement within +/-1 dilution at 48 h compared with the reference method. The five strains each from C. tropicalis, C. glabrata, and C. parapsilosis that were tested showed 100% agreement within +/-2 dilutions for the two methods being evaluated.
Depositional History of Permo-Carboniferous Tillites and Associated Sediments in W. Bokaro Gondwana Basin, Bihar, India (1980)

Abstract The Talchir Group of rocks in India form a very important stratigraphic horizon by their presence at the base of all the Gondwana basins. Talchirs have been recognised as glacial sediments. The present study suggests that the Talchir Group was deposited both as stratified drift and unstratified drift. The glaciers responsible for Talchir sedimentation in eastern India belong to piedmont glacier system. The number of times the glacial lobes advanced into different basins varies from basin to basin. In all the basins the bulk of the sediments was deposited during first deglaciation period as meltwater channel, esker, glaciolacustrine delta and lake deposits. The topography surrounding the basin during upper Talchir time provided infra-structure for Barakar sedimentation.
Dynamic characterization of drug resistance and heterogeneity of the gastric cancer cell BGC823 using single-cell Raman spectroscopy (2017)

Drug resistance and heterogeneous characteristics of human gastric carcinoma cells (BGC823) under the treatment of paclitaxel (PTX) were investigated using single-cell Raman spectroscopy (RS). RS of normal and drug-resistant BGC823 cells (DR-BGC823) were collected and analyzed using arithmetic, statistic and individual spectrum analysis. The dynamic effects of paclitaxel (PTX) in normal and DR-BGC823 cells were evaluated dynamically. The RS intensity changed with PTX over time and produced distinct different results for the two types of cells. The average RS intensities of the normal BGC823 cells initially decreased and then increased under PTX treatment after 24 hours. In contrast, upon exposure to PTX, the average intensity of the DR-BGC823 cells initially increased within 12 hours and then gradually decreased and approached a steady state. The temporal variation of the typical component in the cells was analyzed by comparing the ratios between Raman bands. More importantly, the heterogeneous characteristics of the BGC823 cells under PTX treatment were quantified and clustered using hierarchical trees combined with RS intensity changes. The 'outlier' cells related to drug resistance were discriminated. The heterogeneity of the normal BGC823 cells under drug treatment gradually appeared over time, and was evaluated with the eigenvalues of principal component analysis (PCA). Our study indicates that single-cell RS may be useful in systematically and dynamically characterizing the drug response of cancer cells at the single-cell level.
Anxiety-Related Behaviors in Mice -- Methods of Behavior Analysis in Neuroscience (2009)

Estradiol accelerates oviductal embryo transport in the rat through changes of genomic expression in oviductal cells. However, the genes involved are unknown. We used a differential display by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to detect estradiol (E2)-dependent genes in the rat oviduct. Rats on day 2 of pregnancy were untreated or treated with 10 micrograms of E2 and the oviducts were extracted at 30, 180 and 360 min later and used to isolate RNA. Products of reverse transcriptase-PCR, made with pairs of arbitrary and oligo-deoxythymidine primers, were separated on denaturing polyacrylamide gels and candidate bands were excised and reamplified. Truly positive cDNA fragments determined by a single strand conformation polymorphism assay were cloned and sequenced. A ribonuclease protection assay confirmed that clone 25 is up-regulated by E2 in the oviduct at 30, 180 and 360 min. This clone exhibited no homology with known genes and in situ hybridization showed it is only expressed in the epithelial cells of the isthmic segment. Clone 25 is likely to represent a new gene, which is up-regulated by E2 in the epithelium of the isthmic segment of the rat oviduct. Its time frame of response is compatible with a mediator of the effect of E2 on oviductal embryo transport.
Ion Channel Modulation as the Basis for Neuroprotective Action of MS‐153 (1999)

MS-153, (R)-(-)-5-methyl-1-nicotinoyl-2-pyrazoline, is a new neuroprotective drug. Recent data in the literature suggest that it inhibits glutamate accumulation occurring during ischemia and the translocation of protein kinase C gamma (PKC gamma). The present study was undertaken to prove the hypothesis that MS-153 blocks neuroreceptors and ion channels involved in glutamate accumulation. Neurons isolated from rat dorsal root ganglia and frontal cortex were used for recording channel currents by the whole-cell patch clamp technique. The effects of bath-applied MS-153 were examined on tetrodotoxin-sensitive and tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium channels and high voltage-gated calcium channels of dorsal root ganglion neurons, and channels activated by glutamate, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), kainate, alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxarole propionic acid (AMPA), gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and acetylcholine (ACh) in cortical neurons. MS-153 at a concentration of 300 microM had no effect on either tetrodotoxin-sensitive or tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium channels. High voltage-gated calcium channels were either suppressed or not affected by 1-300 microM MS-153. The variable blocking effect of MS-153 was due to the variable activity of intracellular components in individual neurons, especially that of PKC, whose translocation is known to be inhibited by MS-153. When 100 nM phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) was applied to neurons, MS-153 suppressed the calcium channel current more frequently. Calphostin C (0.5 microM), a specific PKC inhibitor, applied intracellularly via recording patch pipette, completely abolished MS-153 suppression of the calcium channel current. Currents induced by glutamate, NMDA, kainate, AMPA, GABA or ACh were not affected by MS-153 at 300 microM. It was concluded that MS-153 inhibited high voltage-gated calcium channels through interactions with PKC, thereby preventing massive release of glutamate from nerve terminals in ischemic conditions.
Regulation and roles for alternative pathways of hexose metabolism in plants (1987)

Plant cells have two cytoplasmic pathways of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis for the reversible interconversion of fructose 6‐phosphate (F‐6‐P) and fructose 1,6‐bisphosphate (F‐1,6‐P 2 ). One pathway is described as a maintenance pathway that is catalyzed by a nucleotide triphosphate‐dependent phosphofructokinase (EC 2.7.1.11; ATP‐PFK) glycolytically and a F‐1,6 bisphosphatase (EC 3.1.3.11) gluconeogenically. These are non‐equilibrium reactions that are energy consuming. The second pathway, described as an adaptive pathway, is catalyzed by a readily reversible pyrophosphate‐dependent phosphofructokinase (EC 2.7.1.90; PP‐PFK) in an equilibrium reaction that conserves energy through the utilization and the synthesis of pyrophosphate. A constitutive regulator cycle is also present for the synthesis and hydrolysis of fructose 2,6‐bisphosphate (F‐2,6‐P 2 ) via a 2‐kinase and a 2‐phosphatase, respectively. The pathway catalyzed by the ATP‐PFK and F‐1,6‐bisphosphatase, the maintenance pathway, is fairly constant in maximum activity in various plant tissues and shows less regulation by F‐2,6‐P 2 . Plants use F‐2,6‐P 2 initially to regulate the adaptive pathway at the reversible PP i ‐PFK step. The adaptive pathway, catalyzed by PP i ‐PFK, varies in maximum activity with a variety of phenomena such as plant development or changing biological and physical environments. Plants can change F‐2,6‐P 2 levels rapidly, in less than 1 min when subjected to rapid environmental change, or change levels slowly over periods of hours and days as tissues develop. Both types of change enable plants to cope with the environmental and developmental changes that occur during their lifetimes. The two pathways of sugar metabolism can be efficiently linked by the cycling of uridylates and pyrophosphate required for sucrose breakdown via a proposed sucrose synthase pathway. The breakdown of sucrose via the sucrose synthase pathway requires half the net energy of breakdown via the invertase pathway. Pyrophosphate occurs in plant tissues as a substrate pool for biosynthetic reactions such as the PP i ‐PFK or uridine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase (EC 2.7.7.9; UDPG pyrophosphorylase) that function in the breakdown of imported sucrose. Also, pyrophosphate links the two glycolytic/gluco‐neogenic pathways; and in a reciprocal manner pyrophosphate is produced as an energy source during gluconeogenic carbon flow from F‐1,6‐P 2 toward sucrose synthesis.
Diuretic-Associated Electrolyte Disorders in the Elderly: Risk Factors, Impact, Management and Prevention (2014)

Electrolyte and acid-base disorders are commonly encountered adverse effects of various diuretic agents, which are associated with considerable morbidity and mortality especially in elderly patients. Diuretic use is associated with hyponatraemia, hypernatraemia, hypokalaemia, hyperkalaemia, hyperuricaemia and alterations in magnesium, calcium, phosphate and acid-base homeostasis. Clinical studies have provided important data on the relative frequency and risk factors for these diuretic-associated electrolyte and acid-base disorders. Old age is one of the most recognized risk factors for diuretic-associated electrolyte and acid-base disorders. Hyponatraemia and hypokalaemia are the most common electrolyte abnormalities found among the elderly population taking diuretics. Both conditions are associated with short and long-term morbidity as well as mortality. This article presents an overview of the literature on diuretic-associated electrolyte disorders and suggested risk factors for their development especially in elderly patients when evidence is available. The impact of these electrolyte disorders on patients will be discussed. Strategies to prevent adverse outcomes related to these disorders should involve careful consideration of risk factors as well as ongoing clinical and laboratory evaluations in the course of using these diuretics. Keywords: Acid-base, diuretic, elderly, electrolyte, morbidity, thiazide.
An endoglucanase from the anaerobic fungus<i>Orpinomyces joyonii</i>: characterization of the gene and its product (1997)

An endoglucanase gene (celA) was isolated from a genomic library of the ruminal fungus Orpinomyces joyonii. DNA sequence analysis of celA revealed an intronless gene encoding a typical signal sequence, an N-terminal catalytic domain, two repeated regions linked by a short Ser/Thr-rich linker and a domain of unknown function. The deduced amino acid sequence of the catalytic domain showed homology with the family 5 cellulases. While the catalytic domain of CelA was not homologous to the catalytic domain of the endoglucanase gene (EG3) from the ruminal bacterium Fibrobacter succinogenes, the repeated regions of CelA were very similar to the noncatalytic domain of EG3. This suggests that evolutionary shuffling of endoglucanase domains might occur among bacteria and fungi within the anaerobic ecosystem of the rumen. The celA gene was expressed in Escherichia coli, and the periplasmic endoglucanase was used for the characterization studies of the enzyme. CelA exhibited both endoglucanase and xylanase activities. Its pH optimum was 4 and the temperature optimum was 40 degrees C. Deletion analysis showed that the repeated sequences and C-terminal domain of CelA were not required for enzyme activity.
Tunable dielectric liquid lens on flexible substrate (2013)

We demonstrate the fabrication of a tunable-focus dielectric liquid lens (DLL) on a flexible substrate made of polydimethylsiloxane, which was wrapped onto a goggle surface to show its functionality. As a positive meniscus converging lens, the DLL has the focal length variable from 14.2 to 6.3 mm in 1.3 s when the driving voltage increases to 125 V<sub>rms</sub>. The resolving power of the DLL is 17.95 line pairs per mm. The DLL on a flexible, curvilinear surface is promising for expanded field of view covered as well as in reconfigurable optical systems.
Video Indexing by Face Occurrence-Based Signatures (2006)

The extraction of a digital signature from a video segment in order to uniquely identify it, is often a necessary prerequisite for video indexing, copyright protection and other tasks. Semantic video signatures are those that are based on high-level content information rather than on low-level features of the video stream, their major advantage being that they are invariant to nearly all types of distortion. Since a major semantic feature of a video is the appearance of specific people in specific frames, we have developed a method that uses the pre-extracted output of face detection and recognition to perform fast semantic indexing and retrieval of video segments. We give the results of the experimental evaluation of our method on an artificial database created using a probabilistic model of the creation of video
Determination of minimal erythemal dose for narrow band-ultraviolet B radiation in north Indian patients: Comparison of visual and Dermaspectrometer<sup>®</sup>readings (2007)

The estimated MED for NB-UVB varied from 500 to 1100 mJ/cm2, the median MED being 1000 mJ/cm2. The darker skin types did not have low MED while some patients with lighter skin type displayed lower MED. There was no significant difference in MED determined by visual and Dermaspectrometer readings.
A reporting tool using “programming by example” for format designation (2000)

This paper describes a report tool in which report formats are designated by “Programming by Example”-like operations. Users specify a sample layout of an example row of relational table data on a sheet, and select an iteration pattern of the sample layout. The tool extracts a set of general formatting rules from the sample layout. The rules consist of absolute positions of non-iterative data, relative positions of iterative data, the iteration pattern, and the increment of the iteration. The tool interprets the rules and generates new reports of the format for different table data.
From the National President of ASME (1986)

A speech given by Dr. Warren Bourne, the National President of the Australian Society of Music Education (ASME), on the requirements for music education in schools and the efforts and different projects being taken by the Society's National Council.
Overview of Hepatotoxicity (2001)

This overview presents some of the salient features of liver biology and physiology that form the basis for a variety of experimental tools that are used for the study of chemical histopathology. Prevalence and risk of heptatoxicity are examined among a subset of chemicals from the EPA IRIS database. The goal is to provide an objective assessment of the magnitude of the problem of chemically-induced hepatotoxicity and contextual background against which the diversity of responses of the liver to toxicants and the analytical methods available for their study can be appreciated.
J.I. LITTLE, Crofters and Habitants : Settler Society, Economy, and Culture in a Quebec Township, 1848-1881 (1993)

J.I. LITTLE, Crofters and Habitants : Settler Society, Economy, and Culture in a Quebec Township, 1848-1881. Un article de la revue Recherches sociographiques (Volume 34, numéro 1, 1993, p. 7-200) diffusée par la plateforme Érudit.